bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triggering and recovery of earthquake accelerated landslides in Central Italy revealed by satellite radar observations
Authors: Song Chuang , Yu Chen , Li Zhenhong , Utili Stefano , Frattini Paolo , Crosta Giovanni , Peng Jianbing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEarthquake triggered landslides often pose a great threat to human life and property. Emerging research has been devoted to documenting coseismic landslides failed during or shortly after earthquakes, however, the long-term seismic effect that causes unstable landslides only to accelerate, moderately or acutely, without immediate failures is largely neglected. Here we show the activation and recovery of these earthquake accelerated landslides (EALs) in Central Italy, based on satellite radar observations. Unlike previous studies based on single or discrete landslides, we established a large inventory of 819 EALs and statistically quantified their spatial clustering features against a set of conditioning factors, thus finding that EALs did not rely on strong seismic shaking or hanging wall effects to occur and larger landslides were more likely to accelerate after earthquakes than smaller ones. We also discovered their accelerating-to-recovering sliding dynamics, and how they differed from the collapsed 759 coseismic landslides. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the earthquake-triggering landslide mechanism and are of great significance for long-term landslide risk assessment in seismically active areas.
Acousto-holographic reconstruction of whole-cell stiffness maps
Authors: Varol Rahmetullah , Karavelioglu Zeynep , Omeroglu Sevde , Aydemir Gizem , Karadag Aslihan , Meco Hanife E. , Demircali Ali A. , Yilmaz Abdurrahim , Kocal Gizem C. , Gencoglan Gulsum , Oruc Muhammed E. , Esmer Gokhan B. , Basbinar Yasemin , Ozdemir Sahin K. , Uvet Huseyin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccurate assessment of cell stiffness distribution is essential due to the critical role of cell mechanobiology in regulation of vital cellular processes like proliferation, adhesion, migration, and motility. Stiffness provides critical information in understanding onset and progress of various diseases, including metastasis and differentiation of cancer. Atomic force microscopy and optical trapping set the gold standard in stiffness measurements. However, their widespread use has been hampered with long processing times, unreliable contact point determination, physical damage to cells, and unsuitability for multiple cell analysis. Here, we demonstrate a simple, fast, label-free, and high-resolution technique using acoustic stimulation and holographic imaging to reconstruct stiffness maps of single cells. We used this acousto-holographic method to determine stiffness maps of HCT116 and CTC-mimicking HCT116 cells and differentiate between them. Our system would enable widespread use of whole-cell stiffness measurements in clinical and research settings for cancer studies, disease modeling, drug testing, and diagnostics.
Human visual consciousness involves large scale cortical and subcortical networks independent of task report and eye movement activity
Authors: Kronemer Sharif I. , Aksen Mark , Ding Julia Z. , Ryu Jun Hwan , Xin Qilong , Ding Zhaoxiong , Prince Jacob S. , Kwon Hunki , Khalaf Aya , Forman Sarit , Jin David S. , Wang Kevin , Chen Kaylie , Hu Claire , Agarwal Akshar , Saberski Erik , Wafa Syed Mohammad Adil , Morgan Owen P. , Wu Jia , Christison-Lagay Kate L. , Hasulak Nicholas , Morrell Martha , Urban Alexandra , Todd Constable R. , Pitts Michael , Mark Richardson R. , Crowley Michael J. , Blumenfeld Hal 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe full neural circuits of conscious perception remain unknown. Using a visual perception task, we directly recorded a subcortical thalamic awareness potential (TAP). We also developed a unique paradigm to classify perceived versus not perceived stimuli using eye measurements to remove confounding signals related to reporting on conscious experiences. Using fMRI, we discovered three major brain networks driving conscious visual perception independent of report: first, increases in signal detection regions in visual, fusiform cortex, and frontal eye fields; and in arousal/salience networks involving midbrain, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate, and anterior insula; second, increases in frontoparietal attention and executive control networks and in the cerebellum; finally, decreases in the default mode network. These results were largely maintained after excluding eye movement-based fMRI changes. Our findings provide evidence that the neurophysiology of consciousness is complex even without overt report, involving multiple cortical and subcortical networks overlapping in space and time.
Quadruple gene-engineered natural killer cells enable multi-antigen targeting for durable antitumor activity against multiple myeloma
Authors: Cichocki Frank , Bjordahl Ryan , Goodridge Jodie P. , Mahmood Sajid , Gaidarova Svetlana , Abujarour Ramzey , Davis Zachary B. , Merino Aimee , Tuininga Katie , Wang Hongbo , Kumar Akhilesh , Groff Brian , Witty Alec , Bonello Greg , Huffman Janel , Dailey Thomas , Lee Tom T. , Malmberg Karl-Johan , Walcheck Bruce , Höpken Uta , Rehm Armin , Valamehr Bahram , Miller Jeffrey S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAllogeneic natural killer (NK) cell adoptive transfer is a promising treatment for several cancers but is less effective for the treatment of multiple myeloma. In this study, we report on quadruple gene-engineered induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived NK cells designed for mass production from a renewable source and for dual targeting against multiple myeloma through the introduction of an NK cell-optimized chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and a high affinity, non-cleavable CD16 to augment antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity when combined with therapeutic anti-CD38 antibodies. Additionally, these cells express a membrane-bound interleukin-15 fusion molecule to enhance function and persistence along with knock out of CD38 to prevent antibody-mediated fratricide and enhance NK cell metabolic fitness. In various preclinical models, including xenogeneic adoptive transfer models, quadruple gene-engineered NK cells consistently demonstrate durable antitumor activity independent of exogenous cytokine support. Results presented here support clinical translation of this off-the-shelf strategy for effective treatment of multiple myeloma.
Fe3GeTe2: a site-differentiated Hund metal
Authors: Kim Taek Jung , Ryee Siheon , Han Myung Joon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMagnetism in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials has lately attracted considerable attention from the point of view of both fundamental science and device applications. Obviously, establishing a detailed and solid understanding of their magnetism is the key first step toward various applications. Although Fe3GeTe2 is a representative ferromagnetic (FM) metal in this family, many aspects of its magnetic and electronic behaviors still remain elusive. Here, we report our new finding that Fe3GeTe2 is a special type of correlated metal known as “Hund metal”. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Hund metallicity in this material is quite unique by exhibiting remarkable site dependence of Hund correlation strength, hereby dubbed “site-differentiated Hund metal”. Within this new picture, many of the previous experiments can be clearly understood, including the ones that were seemingly contradictory to one another.
Multi-omics peripheral and core regions of cancer
Authors: Wang Bingbo , Dong Xianan , Hu Jie , Gao Lin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThousands of genes are perturbed by cancer, and these disturbances can be seen in transcriptome, methylation, somatic mutation, and copy number variation omics studies. Understanding their connectivity patterns as an omnigenic neighbourhood in a molecular interaction network (interactome) is a key step towards advancing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancers. Here, we introduce a unified connectivity line (CLine) to pinpoint omics-specific omnigenic patterns across 15 curated cancers. Taking advantage of the universality of CLine, we distinguish the peripheral and core genes for each omics aspect. We propose a network-based framework, multi-omics periphery and core (MOPC), to combine peripheral and core genes from different omics into a button-like structure. On the basis of network proximity, we provide evidence that core genes tend to be specifically perturbed in one omics, but the peripheral genes are diversely perturbed in multiple omics. And the core of one omics is regulated by multiple omics peripheries. Finally, we take the MOPC as an omnigenic neighbourhood, describe its characteristics, and explore its relative contribution to network-based mechanisms of cancer. We were able to present how multi-omics perturbations percolate through the human interactome and contribute to an integrated periphery and core.
Comprehensive transcriptome data to identify downstream genes of testosterone signalling in dermal papilla cells
Authors: Matsusaka Himari , Wu Tao , Furuya Kai , Yamada-Kato Tomoe , Bai Lanlan , Tomita Hiroshi , Sugano Eriko , Ozaki Taku , Kiyono Tohru , Okunishi Isao , Fukuda Tomokazu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTestosterone-related steroid hormones are associated with various types of diseases, including prostate cancer and androgenetic alopecia (AGA). The testosterone or dihydroxy testosterone (DHT) circulates through the blood, binds to the androgen receptor (AR) in the cytoplasm, and finally enters the nucleus to activate downstream target genes. We previously found that immortalized dermal papilla cells (DPCs) lost AR expression, which may be explained by the repeated cell passages of DPCs. To compensate for the AR expression, DPCs that express AR exogenously were established. In this study, we performed an RNA-Seq analysis of the AR-expressing and non-AR-expressing DPCs in the presence or absence of DHT to identify the downstream target genes regulated by AR signalling. Furthermore, we treated DPCs with minoxidil sulphate, which has the potential to treat AGA. This is the first comprehensive analysis to identify the downstream genes involved in testosterone signalling in DPCs. Our manuscript provides high-priority data for the discovery of molecular targets for prostate cancer and AGA.
Learning curve and surgical outcome of robotic assisted colorectal surgery with ERAS program
Authors: Lin Chun-Yu , Liu Yi-Chun , Chen Ming-Cheng , Chiang Feng-Fan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study analyzed learning curve and the surgical outcome of robotic assisted colorectal surgery with ERAS program. The study results serve as a reference for future robotic colorectal surgeon who applied ERAS in clinical practice. This was a retrospective case–control study to analyze the learning curve of 141 robotic assisted colorectal surgery (RAS) by Da Vinci Xi (Xi) system and compare the surgical outcomes with 147 conventional laparoscopic (LSC) surgery in the same team. Evaluation for maturation was performed by operation time and the CUSUM plot. Patients were recruited from 1st February 2019 to 9th January 2022; follow-up was conducted at 30 days, and the final follow-up was conducted on 9th February 2022. It both took 31 cases for colon and rectal robotic surgeries to reach the maturation phase. Teamwork maturation was achieved after 60 cases. In the maturation stage, RAS required a longer operation time (mean: colon: 249.5 ± 46.5 vs. 190.3 ± 57.3 p < 0.001; rectum 314.9 ± 59.6 vs. 223.6 ± 63.5 p < 0.001). After propensity score matching, robotic surgery with ERAS program resulted in significant shorter length of hospital stay (mean: colon: 5.5 ± 4.5 vs. 10.0 ± 11.9, p < 0.001; rectum: 5.4 ± 3.5 vs. 10.1 ± 7.0, p < 0.001), lower minor complication rate (colon: 6.0% vs 20.0%, p = 0.074 ; rectum: 11.1% vs 33.3%, p = 0.102), and no significant different major complication rate (colon: 2.0% vs 6.0%, p = 0.617; rectum: 7.4% cs 7.4%, p = 1.0) to conventional LSC. Learning curve for robotic assisted colorectal surgery takes 31 cases. Robotic surgery with ERAS program brings significant faster recovery and fewer complication rate compared to laparoscopy in colorectal surgery.
Natural sugar feeding rates of Anopheles mosquitoes collected by different methods in western Kenya
Authors: Omondi Seline , Kosgei Jackline , Agumba Silas , Polo Brian , Yalla Nick , Moshi Vincent , Abong’o Bernard , Ombok Maurice , McDermott Daniel P. , Entwistle Julian , Samuels Aaron M. , Ter Kuile Feiko O. , Gimnig John E. , Ochomo Eric 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAttractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) are a potential vector control tool that exploits the sugar-feeding behaviour of mosquitoes. We evaluated the sugar-feeding behaviour of Anopheles mosquitoes as part of baseline studies for cluster randomised controlled trials of ATSBs. Mosquitoes were collected indoors and outdoors from two villages in western Kenya using prokopack aspirations, malaise tent traps and ultraviolet (UV) light traps. Individual mosquitoes were subjected to the cold anthrone test to assess the presence of sugar. Overall, 15.7% of collected mosquitoes had fed on natural sugar sources. By species and sex, the proportion sugar-fed was 41.3% and 27.7% in male and female Anopheles funestus, 27.2% and 12.8% in male and female An. arabiensis, and 9.7% and 8.3% in male and female An. coustani, respectively. Sugar-feeding was higher in unfed than blood-fed mosquitoes and higher in male than gravid mosquitoes. Anopheles mosquitoes obtained sugar meals from natural sources during all physiological stages, whether they rest indoors or outdoors. These findings offer a potential avenue to exploit for the control of mosquitoes, particularly with the advent of ATSBs, which have been shown to reduce mosquito densities in other regions.
Novel seed generation and quadrature-based square rooting algorithms
Authors: Altamimi Amal , Ben Youssef Belgacem 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe square root operation is indispensable in a myriad of computational science and engineering applications. Various computational techniques have been devised to approximate its value. In particular, convergence methods employed in this regard are highly affected by the initial approximation of the seed value. Research shows that the provision of an initial approximation with higher accuracy yields fewer additional iterations to calculate the square root. In this article, we propose two novel algorithms. The first one presents a seed generation technique that depends on bit manipulation and whose output is to be used as an initial value in the calculation of square roots. The second one describes a quadrature-based square rooting method that utilizes a rectangle as the plane figure for squaring. We provide error estimation of the former using the vertical parabola equation and employ a suitable lookup table, for the latter, to store needed cosine values. The seed generation approach produces a significant reduction in the number of iterations of up to 84.42% for selected convergence methods. The main advantages of our proposed square rooting algorithm lie in its high accuracy and in its requirement of just a single iteration. Our proposed algorithm also provides for lower computational latency, measured in the number of clock cycles, compared to Newton–Raphson’s and Bakhshali’s square rooting methods.
MF‐RF: A detection approach based on multi‐features and random forest algorithm for improved collusive interest flooding attack
Authors: Yue Meng , Peng Silin , Feng Wenzhi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new type of Collusive Interest Flooding Attack (CIFA), Improved Collusive Interest Flooding Attack (I‐CIFA), which originates from CIFA with a stronger concealment, higher attack effect, lower attack cost, and wider attack range in Named Data Networking (NDN). In order to detect this attack, the present study explores new detection features and establishes a sample set of attack features with different granularities, and accordingly, the Pearson coefficient is used to validate the correlation between the proposed features and the network states. Finally, the Random Forest model is designed to detect the I‐CIFA attack. To evaluate the performance of the approach, extensive experiments are conducted in ndnSIM platform. Test results show that the proposed detection approach outperforms other existing approaches with a detection rate of 98.1%, error rate of 1.9%, and false positive rate of 1.5%.
Multiple‐input multiple‐output sonar adaptive beamforming using transmission diversity smoothing and backward processing
Authors: Fan Kuan , Liu Xionghou , Sun Chao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBenefit from the transmission diversity smoothing (TDS) effect upon coherent targets decorrelation, the kind of adaptive beamformers can be directly applied for multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) sonar applications. Increasing the number of transmitted signals helps improve the TDS‐based decorrelation performance. However, a large number of transmitters is not feasible for those sonar systems mounted on small platforms with limited space. To address the lack of TDS‐based degrees of freedom for smoothing, an improved TDS decorrelation method is proposed for MIMO sonar in this study. With the conjugated MIMO data covariance matrix being left‐multiplied and right‐multiplied, respectively, by the exchange matrix, the authors obtain a backward‐smoothed data covariance matrix. Afterwards, the authors average it with the original MIMO receiving data covariance matrix to reconstruct a new data covariance matrix. Compared with TDS, the improved TDS strengthens the decorrelation performance by increasing the number of covariance matrix for smoothing and thus enables the new rank restored signal covariance matrix to have better non‐singularity. Without increasing any aperture loss and system complexity, a lower correlation between echoes is obtained, and the performance of the minimum variance distortionless response beamformer is hence improved in the presence of coherent targets. The effectiveness of the proposed decorrelation method is verified by numerical simulations and real data from a water tank experiment.
A Convenient, Efficient, and Inexpensive Copper(I) Complex Catalyzed Sonogashira Cross-Coupling of o-Iodoanilines with Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Yu , Chen Xia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing (PPh3)2CuBH4 as catalyst, a convenient, efficient, and inexpensive palladium-free catalytic system has been developed to catalyze Sonogashira cross-coupling of o-iodoanilines with terminal alkynes under an air atmosphere to give a range of 2-ethynylaniline derivatives with up to 99% yield. This protocol is amenable to scale up. Notable features of the approach include good functional group tolerance, air atmosphere, and excellent yields.
Base-Mediated Direct Carboxylation of Heteroarenes with CO2
Authors: Zhang Cheng Y. , Chen Yan J. , Peng Xin H. , Wang Ya Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA base medium system, generated from a synergistic reaction between Cs2CO3 and t-BuOK, has been used for the direct carboxylation of imidazoles with CO2 in good yield. Oxygen- and thia-heterocyclic arenes also undergo the carboxylation with CO2 with the same reactivity. Density functional theory calculations show that construction of t-BuOCs in situ is an endothermic process of 38.31 kJ/mol. t-BuOCs can promote the deprotonation of substrates by forming an active C–Cs bond via a rather low HOMO (t-BuOCs)–LUMO (imidazole) gap of 0.28 eV, which favors the electrophilic insertion of CO2 by releasing 94.13 kJ/mol of heat.
Double Infection in a Patient with Chronic GVHD Post Allogeneic Transplant: “Hickam's Dictum” Trumps “Occam's Razor”!—A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Saj Fen , Reddy Vendoti Nitheesha , Kayal Smita , Dubashi Biswajit , Singh Rakesh , Joseph Noyal Mariya , Ganesan Prasanth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDouble pneumonia with Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has been reported in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A similar immune-suppressed state exists in allogeneic transplant survivors treated for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The clinical features and imaging findings could be quite similar in both the etiologies. Reaching a timely diagnosis and initiation of appropriate therapy is essential to prevent complications. We report a patient who had concurrent PCP and MTB pneumonia while on treatment for chronic GVHD. We describe the diagnostic challenge, the treatment, and outcome of this patient. We intend to sensitize physicians to consider more than one etiology in this subset of patients.
Pattern of Expression of CDX2 in Colorectal Cancer and its Role in Prognosis: An Ambispective Observational Study
Authors: Singh Jagdeep , Rajesh N G. , Dubashi Biswajit , Maroju Nanda K. , Ganesan Prasanth , Matta Kiran K. , Charles I , Kayal Smita 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2), a nuclear protein, is essential for the proliferation and development of intestinal epithelial cells and is frequently downregulated during tumorigenesis. CDX2 inhibits cell growth as well as stimulates differentiation by activating intestinal specific genes, thus lack of CDX2 favors tumor growth and aggressiveness.
Objectives We aimed to evaluate the pattern of CDX2 expression in all stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) and study its association with baseline characteristics and prognosis.
Materials and Methods Study was conducted as an ambispective observational study, enrolling cases of CRC retrospectively from January 2014 to July 2016 (30 months), and prospectively during next 18-month period till January 2018. We performed CDX2 staining by immunohistochemistry on the available biopsy blocks of CRC patients during the study period. Total 286 patients were registered during the study period, of which only 110 biopsy blocks were available for staining. CDX2 scoring was done by a semiquantitative method on whole tissue section for the intensity and percentage of the cells showing positivity. Correlation of CDX2 expression was done with baseline clinical and histopathologic characteristics, and survival.
Results Of 110 patients, 77 (70%) constituted colon cancer and 33 (30%) were rectal cancer. The median age was 54.2 years, 62 (56.4%) being male and 48 (43.6%) female with male-to-female ratio 1.3:1. In the study cohort, 33 (30%) patients had stage II disease, 30 (27.3%) stage III, and 47 (42.7%) were stage IV. Seventy-three (66.4%) were positive for CDX2 and 37 (33.4%) were negative. Loss of CDX2 expression was significantly associated with advanced stage, rectal site, poor grade of differentiation, and presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVSI). With median follow-up of 16 months, progression-free survival (PFS) at 2 years was 30% for CDX2 negative patients compared with 67% for CDX2 positive (p = 0.009), while overall survival (OS) at 2 years was 46% for CDX2 negative versus 77% for positive patients (p = 0.01).
Conclusion Loss of CDX2 expression is associated with advanced stage, higher tumor grade, presence of LVSI, and worse PFS and OS and thereby functions as a poor prognostic factor in CRC.
Copper(I)-Catalysed Reaction of Hydrazonyl Chlorides with Homopropargylic Alcohols: Regioselective Synthesis of 5-Substituted Pyrazoles
Authors: Molteni Giorgio , Silvani Alessandra , Manenti Marco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFully regioselective synthesis of 5-hydroxyethylpyrazoles was exploited by reacting hydrazonoyl chlorides with homopropargylic alcohols in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper(I) chloride. Good yields of pyrazolic products and mild reaction conditions were experienced notwithstanding the known, poor reactivity of homopropargylic alcohols towards hydrazonoyl chlorides. The role of copper(I) ion and some mechanistic insights for the formation of reaction products are also discussed.