bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-074: The impact of perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation on cancer screening among African American women: A multilevel, longitudinal analysis of 2-1-1 Texas callers
Authors: Ibekwe Lynn N. , Fernández-Esquer Maria Eugenia , Pruitt Sandi L. , Ranjit Nalini , Fernández Maria E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Although racism is increasingly being studied as an important contributor to racial health disparities, its relation to cancer-related outcomes among African Americans remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to help clarify the relation between two indicators of racism—perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation—and cancer screening. We conducted a multilevel, longitudinal study among a medically underserved population of African Americans in Texas. We assessed discrimination using the Experiences of Discrimination Scale and segregation using the Location Quotient for Racial Residential Segregation. The outcome examined was “any cancer screening completion” (Pap test, mammography, and/or colorectal cancer screening) at follow-up (3–10 months post-baseline). We tested hypothesized relations using multilevel logistic regression. We also conducted interaction and stratified analyses to explore whether discrimination modified the relation between segregation and screening completion. We found a significant positive relation between discrimination and screening and a non-significant negative relation between segregation and screening. Preliminary evidence suggests that discrimination modifies the relation between segregation and screening in that segregation is positively related to screening when no discrimination is reported but negatively related to screening when discrimination is reported. Conclusion: Racism has a nuanced association with cancer screening among African Americans. Perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation should be considered jointly, rather than independently, to better understand their influence on cancer screening behavior.
Citation Format: Lynn N. Ibekwe, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer, Sandi L. Pruitt, Nalini Ranjit, Maria E. Fernández. The impact of perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation on cancer screening among African American women: A multilevel, longitudinal analysis of 2-1-1 Texas callers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-074.
Abstract PO-086: Social vulnerability related to rural disparities in colorectal cancer mortality in Florida
Authors: Rodriguez Alejandro Arroyo , Odahowski Cassie Lewis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The multiple rural and urban counties in the state of Florida exhibit different socioeconomic characteristics and access to healthcare. These differences in living conditions potentially impact incidence and mortality rates of diseases, particularly cancer. We examined rural differences in county-level colorectal cancer incidence and mortality and county social vulnerability characteristics related to rural disparities in colorectal mortality for all 67 counties in Florida. Methods: We examined colorectal cancer incidence and mortality data provided by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) State Cancer Profiles in conjunction with the United States Census Bureau definition for rurality: counties that have more than 50% of their population within a rural area would be classified as rural. We used a t-test for unequal variances to examine the difference in the mean colorectal incidence and mortality for rural counties compared to urban counties. We then used a linear regression to examine county social vulnerability (SoVI) metrics, poverty, and Medically Underserved Areas (MUA) related to colorectal cancer mortality. Preliminary Results: Of the 67 counties in Florida, 25 were designated as rural and 42 were designated as urban. The mean rural age-adjusted incidence of colorectal cancer was 40.93 per 100,000 compared to 36.82 per 100,000 for urban incidence (p=0.16). The rural mortality per 100,000 for colorectal cancer was significantly higher than urban colorectal morality per 100,000 (18.22 vs 13.12, p=&lt;0.01). Our pending regression analysis will pinpoint county SoVI factors (such as poverty and MUA) specifically related to the observed disparity in rural colorectal cancer mortality. Conclusion: While risk of colorectal cancer was not significantly higher for rural counties in Florida, the rural colorectal death rate was significantly higher in rural than urban counties. These results add to the understanding of socioeconomic characteristics related to rural disparities in cancer mortality. Further work is needed to address strategies for eliminating rural disparities so that there is a greater chance of surviving diseases such as colorectal cancer.
Citation Format: Alejandro Arroyo Rodriguez, Cassie Lewis Odahowski. Social vulnerability related to rural disparities in colorectal cancer mortality in Florida [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-086.
Abstract PO-091: Access to healthcare and preventive services use by limited English proficiency (LEP) adults: Trends from the US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2014–2018
Authors: Ramirez Natalia , Nogueira Leticia , Yabroff Robin , Han Xuesong , Fedewa Stacey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The number of Limited English proficiency (LEP) adults has been increasing in the United States and LEP is adversely associated with measures of access to care. This study will further examine the association between LEP and access to healthcare and preventive services use by providing more up to date information from a United States representative sample. Methods: Adults with and without LEP aged ≥18 years were identified from the 2014–2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. The association between LEP and access to healthcare and preventive services was evaluated with multivariate logistic regression models, stratified by age group (18–64 years and ≥65 years), controlling for age, gender, education, marital status, geographic region, and survey year. Data were analyzed in 2021. Results: Adults with LEP were more likely to not have a usual source of care in both age groups [18–64 years = (adjusted Odds Ratios [aOR]=2.86; 95% Confidence Interval =2.57-3.18); ≥65 years = (aOR=1.67; 95% CI=1.31-2.12)] and be uninsured [18-64 years = (aOR=7.25; 95% CI=6.43-8.16); ≥65 years (aOR=22.22; 95% CI=11.38-43.41)] compared to adults without LEP. Adults aged 18-64 years with LEP we also significantly less likely to utilize preventive services including blood pressure check (aOR=2.20; CI=1.94-2.49), cholesterol check (aOR=1.31; CI=1.10-1.56), any colorectal screening (aOR=1.71; 95% CI=1.44-2.03) and receipt of the flu vaccine (aOR=1.28; 95% CI=1.16-1.42) than adults without LEP. Elderly adults with LEP were also less likely to use preventive services, with a similar magnitude of association. Conclusion: Adults of all ages with LEP continue to have lower access to care and preventive services that similar adults without LEP. Healthcare systems could adopt interventions such as providing language assistance services to patients and the training of providers in cultural competence to eliminate barriers to care and improve access to preventive services.
Citation Format: Natalia Ramirez, Leticia Nogueira, Robin Yabroff, Xuesong Han, Stacey Fedewa. Access to healthcare and preventive services use by limited English proficiency (LEP) adults: Trends from the US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 2014–2018 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-091.
Abstract PO-110: Plant isolate dibenzyl trisulfide induces caspase-independent death in triple negative breast cancer cells derived from patients of West African descent
Authors: Wooten Jonathan , Wooten Shaniece , Araújo Cristina , Aja Joyce , Mavingire Nicole , Delgoda Rupika , Brantley Eileen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) possess tumors that lack estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth receptor expression. While these patients traditionally receive chemotherapy to combat this aggressive breast cancer subtype, others use natural remedies. Dibenzyl trisulfide (DTS) is derived from Petiveria alliacea, a perennial shrub that grows in tropical regions of the world. Many TNBC patients residing in the tropics are of West African descent. Therefore, we evaluated the anticancer actions of DTS in TNBC cells, including those derived from patients of West African descent. We found that DTS inhibited TNBC cell viability, migration and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, DTS blocked the propensity of pro-carcinogen benzo-A-pyrene to induce proliferation of immortalized breast epithelial cells. Moreover, we found that DTS induced early apoptosis in TNBC cells, which was only partially attenuated following pretreatment with pan-caspase inhibitor zVAD-fmk. Though DTS induced pro-apoptotic gene and protein expression along with PARP cleavage, it failed to produce appreciable caspase 3 cleavage and promote significant apoptotic body formation. This suggests that this plant isolate induces caspase-independent and non-apoptotic death of TNBC cells. Furthermore, DTS promoted lysosomal membrane destabilization and cathepsin B release in TNBC cells. Taken together, DTS exhibits promising chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive ability by inducing non-apoptotic TNBC cell death and thwarting TNBC progression, supporting its evaluation in clinical trials as an agent to combat TNBC among patients of West African descent.
Citation Format: Jonathan Wooten, Shaniece Wooten, Cristina Araújo, Joyce Aja, Nicole Mavingire, Rupika Delgoda, Eileen Brantley. Plant isolate dibenzyl trisulfide induces caspase-independent death in triple negative breast cancer cells derived from patients of West African descent [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-110.
Abstract PO-127: Proteome profiling of pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African Americans and Latinx patients
Authors: Law Henry C.-H. , Riner Andrea N. , Trevino Jose G. , Woods Nicholas T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The clinical management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) faces difficult challenges due to its aggressive metastatic potential, complex microenvironment, and lack of targeted therapies. Health disparities also exacerbate these challenges. For instance, Black and African American (AA) patients have higher incidence rates and worse clinical outcomes than White patients even when socioeconomic and tumor stages are controlled. To advance the understanding of the biological differences across the racial groups, PDAC primary tumors collected from 30 Caucasian, 12 African American (AA) and 3 Latinx patients were analyzed by quantitative proteomics. In collaboration with the IDeA National Resource for Quantitative Proteomics, 5820 proteins were identified and quantified using data-independent acquisition (DIA) in the tumor proteome. Comparing the Latinx and the Caucasian tumor proteome, 120 and 95 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in the Latinx proteome, respectively. Proteins involved in the fatty acid metabolism, urea cycle, bile acid and bile salt metabolism were found enriched among the upregulated proteins. 108 and 75 proteins were found up- and down-regulated in African American tumor proteome over the Caucasians, respectively. The 108 upregulated proteins were submitted for Reactome Pathway Analysis. Pathways such as the complement cascade, extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and ECM proteoglycans were found enriched. Haptoglobin-related protein (HPR) was one of the 108 upregulated proteins in the AA tumor proteome, which is also observed at the transcript level in the The Cancer Genome Atlas data. The HPR is known for its trypanolytic function and gene amplifications are observed in those of African descent. HPR works with haptoglobin to clear the free hemoglobin in blood to prevent oxidative damage. We believe that the proteins overexpressed, and the biological processes activated are contributing to the PDAC disparities observed in the African descendants. Therefore, the characterization of the PDAC proteome is a valuable method to delineate the underlying molecular signatures that may contribute to the health disparities.
Citation Format: Henry C.-H. Law, Andrea N. Riner, Jose G. Trevino, Nicholas T. Woods. Proteome profiling of pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) primary tumors in Caucasian, African Americans and Latinx patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-127.
Abstract PO-129: Influence of triple-negative versus Luminal A breast cancer subtype on choice of autologous versus implant based delayed-immediate breast reconstruction
Authors: Amaya Joshua , Dickey Ryan M. , Jones Kaitlin , Teotia Sumeet S. , Haddock Nicholas T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Triple-negative and luminal A breast cancer molecular subtypes have divergent clinical and prognostic characteristics for breast cancer patients. Our study aims to compare the reconstructive choice of these two groups from the time they receive a tissue expander to the time they complete autologous or implant-based breast reconstruction. Methods: 255 patients who underwent delayed-immediate breast reconstruction with tissue expander placement from 2013 to 2017 diagnosed with either TN (n = 73) or luminal A (n = 182) invasive breast cancer subtype seen by two surgeons at a single institution were identified. Preference of autologous and implant- based reconstruction was analyzed, along with tissue expander (TE) complications, race, age, BMI, smoking, adjuvant therapy, and comorbidities. Results: There was a significant difference in the choice of implant- or autologous-based reconstruction among these two groups (p &lt; 0.05). A greater proportion of luminal A patients underwent implant-based reconstruction (63.47%) and a greater proportion of TN patients underwent autologous-based reconstruction (53.13%). With regard to TE outcomes, there was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to duration of TE placement by reconstructive type, or TE surgical complications. Significantly more TN patients underwent radiation therapy (p &lt; 0.01) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p &lt; 0.0001) than luminal A patients. BMI, comorbidities, radiation therapy and overall TE complications were identified as predictive factors of patients electing for autologous reconstruction over implants. Conclusion: TN breast cancer patients mostly chose autologous-based reconstruction, while luminal A patients chose implant-based reconstruction. Both patient groups carried their tissue expanders for similar duration with similar complication profile. Radiation therapy is likely a major factor in the decision for the type of delayed-immediate reconstruction among this population.
Citation Format: Joshua Amaya, Ryan M. Dickey, Kaitlin Jones, Sumeet S. Teotia, Nicholas T. Haddock. Influence of triple-negative versus Luminal A breast cancer subtype on choice of autologous versus implant based delayed-immediate breast reconstruction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-129.
Abstract PO-134: Differential effects of CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors on prostate tumorigenesis
Authors: Adekoya Timothy O. , Smith Nikia , Kothari Parag , Richardson Ricardo M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors are important proteins that promote growth of various malignant tumors. In prostate cancer, some members of the CXC chemokine receptor have been shown to enhance angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. In this study we assess the roles of the interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8) receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 in prostate cancer development, using the African American MDA PCa 2b cell line. Our results show that overexpression of CXCR2 enhanced in-vitro cell proliferation, soft agar growth and in-vivo tumor xenograft in nude mice, whereas overexpression of CXCR1 inhibited cell proliferation and tumor growth, relative to control cells. Interestingly, cells overexpressing CXCR1 exhibited a more mesenchymal phenotype, characterized by reduced E-Cadherin but increased N-Cadherin and vimentin protein expression. CXCR1 overexpression also blocked AKT activation and signal transduction. CXCR2 overexpression, however, resulted in a neuroendocrine phenotype, characterized by reduced androgen (AR) receptor expression and altered chromogranin A expression. In conclusion, these results indicate that CXCR1 and CXCR2 overexpression may play alternate roles on prostate tumorigenesis.
Citation Format: Timothy O. Adekoya, Nikia Smith, Parag Kothari, Ricardo M. Richardson. Differential effects of CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors on prostate tumorigenesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-134.
Abstract PO-142: Analysis of the genomic landscapes of Barbadian and Nigerian women with triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Hercules Shawn M. , Liu Xiyu , Bassey-Archibong Blessing I. , Skeete Desiree H.A. , Connell Suzanne Smith , Daramola Adetola , Banjo Adekunbiola A.F. , Ebughe Godwin , Agan Thomas , Ekanem Ima-Obong , Udosen Joe E. , Obiorah Christopher , Ojule Aaron C. , Misauno Michael A. , Dauda Ayuba M. , Egbujo Ejike C. , Hercules Jevon C. , Ansari Amna , Brain Ian , MacColl Christine , Xu Yili , Jin Yuxin , Chang Sharon , Carpten John D. , Bédard André , Pond Gregory R. , Blenman Kim R.M. , Manojlovic Zarko , Daniel Juliet M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Women of African ancestry (WAA) are disproportionately affected by the aggressive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype that is often associated with high recurrence rates and metastasis. Although there is a high prevalence of TNBC across West Africa and in women of the African diaspora, there has been no comprehensive genomics study to investigate the mutational profile of ancestrally related women across the Caribbean and West Africa. To shed more light on this phenomenon, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on 31 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded TNBC tissues from ancestrally related Barbadian and Nigerian women. We compared these genomics profiles with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for African American (TCGA-AA), European American (TCGA-EA) women with TNBC. With an average coverage of 382x for tumour samples (n= 31) and 4335x for pooled germline (n=22) non-tumor samples, the most mutated genes in our cohorts include NBPF12, PLIN4, TP53 and BRCA1. For TCGA TNBC cases, these genes had a lower mutation rate, except for TP53 (32% in our cohort; 63% in TCGA-AA; 67% in TCGA-EA). For all altered genes, there were no differences in frequency of mutations between WAA TNBC groups including the TCGA-AA cohort. Additionally, we observed a high frequency of copy number variant alterations in PIK3CA, TP53, FGFR2 and HIF1AN genes. This study provides in-depth insights into the underlying genomic alterations in WAA-TNBC samples and shines light on the importance of inclusion of non-European populations in cancer genomics and biomarker studies.
Citation Format: Shawn M. Hercules, Xiyu Liu, Blessing I. Bassey-Archibong, Desiree H.A. Skeete, Suzanne Smith Connell, Adetola Daramola, Adekunbiola A.F. Banjo, Godwin Ebughe, Thomas Agan, Ima-Obong Ekanem, Joe E. Udosen, Christopher Obiorah, Aaron C. Ojule, Michael A. Misauno, Ayuba M. Dauda, Ejike C. Egbujo, Jevon C. Hercules, Amna Ansari, Ian Brain, Christine MacColl, Yili Xu, Yuxin Jin, Sharon Chang, John D. Carpten, André Bédard, Gregory R. Pond, Kim R.M. Blenman, Zarko Manojlovic, Juliet M. Daniel. Analysis of the genomic landscapes of Barbadian and Nigerian women with triple negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: 14th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2021 Oct 6-8. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-142.