bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of changes in “mitral valve reserve” after coronary artery bypass grafts in patients with functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Ceresa Fabrizio , Micari Antonio , Rubino Antonino Salvatore , Mammana Liborio , Pipitone Vito , Vizzari Giampiero , Costa Francesco , Patanè Francesco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The treatment of moderate functionalmitral regurgitation (FMR) during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is still debated. Our primary end point was to assess the improvement of “mitral valve reserve” (MVR) after CABG alone as a clinical demonstration of left ventricular (LV) recovery.

Materials and methods
Between June 2019 and June 2021, we prospectively enrolled 104 consecutive patients undergoing CABG with moderate FMR. Inclusion criteria were inferior-posterior-lateral wall hypokinesia and revascularization of the circumflex or right coronary artery. MVR was calculated as the ratio between anterior and posterior leaflets’ straight length. All patients were followed for 1 year. The improvement of MVR has been considered as a reduction of the ratio between anterior and posterior leaflets straight length.

Results
Compared to baseline, mean MVR was significantly reduced both at 6 (2.24 ± 0.95 vs. 1,91 ± 0.6; p = 0,047) and 12 months follow-up (2.24 ± 0.95 vs. 1,69 ± 0.49; p = 0,006). Left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling, meant as improvement of LV ejection fraction and reduction of LV end-systolic volume index and mitral anulus diameter were evaluated at 6 months and 1 year. Mitral regurgitation grade were also significantly reduced at 6 months (p < .001).

Conclusion
The benefits of myocardial revascularization in term of improvement of mitral regurgitation’s degree can be explained by the changes of MVR. The patients with FMR, who could have more advantages from CABG alone, should be the ones who have LVESVi just moderately increased.
Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and sand fly-borne pathogens in the Greater Mekong Subregion: a systematic review
Authors: Hustedt John , Prasetyo Didot Budi , Fiorenzano Jodi M. , von Fricken Michael E. , Hertz Jeffrey C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPhlebotomine sand flies are proven or suspected vectors of several pathogens of importance, including leishmaniasis, bartonellosis and sand fly fevers. Although sand flies have a worldwide distribution, there has been limited research published on sand flies and sand fly-borne pathogens throughout the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). This review followed the PRISMA guidelines to determine the biodiversity and presence of phlebotomine sand flies and their associated pathogens in the GMS, specifically Cambodia, Thailand, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos), Malaysia and Vietnam. A total of 1472 records were identified by searching electronic databases, scanning reference lists of articles and consulting experts in the field. After screening of title and abstracts, 178 records remained and were further screened for original data (n = 34), not having regional data (n = 14), duplication of data (n = 4), records not available (n = 4) and no language translation available (n = 2). A total of 120 studies were then included for full review, with 41 studies on sand fly-related disease in humans, 33 studies on sand fly-related disease in animals and 54 entomological studies focused on sand flies (5 papers contained data on > 1 category), with a majority of the overall data from Thailand. There were relatively few studies on each country, with the exception of Thailand, and the studies applied different methods to investigate sand flies and sand fly-borne diseases, impacting the ability to conduct meaningful meta-analysis. The findings suggest that leishmaniasis in humans and the presence of sand fly vectors have been reported across several GMS countries over the past 100 years, with local transmission in humans confirmed in Thailand and Vietnam. Additionally, localMundiniaspecies are likely transmitted by biting midges. Findings from this study provide a framework for future investigations to determine the geographic distribution and risk profiles of leishmaniasis and other associated sand fly-borne disease throughout the GMS. It is recommended that researchers expand surveillance efforts across the GMS, with an emphasis placed on entomological surveys, syndromic and asymptomatic monitoring in both humans and animals and molecular characterization of sand flies and sand fly-borne pathogens, particularly in the understudied countries of Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos.Graphical abstract
Identification of Streptococcus gallolyticus in tumor samples of Iranian patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer
Authors: Kamali Negin , Talebi Bezmin Abadi Amin , Abadi Bezmin , Rahimi Farid , Forootan Mojgan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
Clinical outcomes of infection by S. gallolyticus have not been investigated extensively. We aimed to determine the prevalence of S. gallolyticus in tumor specimens obtained from Iranian patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the presence of S. gallolyticus in patients’ tissue samples.

Results
Of 176 patients, 65 were diagnosed with colorectal cancer whereas 111 did not have any colon disease. No correlation was found between age, colonization with S. gallolyticus, gender, or risk factors. Overall, 72 (40%) patients carried S. gallolyticus; only 29% of the patients without colorectal cancer were positive for S. gallolyticus. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer and presence of S. gallolyticus significantly correlated (P = 0.006; odds ratio = 1.46; 95% CI = 1.21–3.87). Among the patients with colorectal cancer, 39 (60%) were positive with S. gallolyticus (P = 0.006) whereas 33 of 111 (29.7%) control subjects were positive for S. gallolyticus (P > 0.05); thus, 70.3% of the control subjects were not infected with S. gallolyticus. We found a high prevalence of S. gallolyticus among an Iranian cohort of patients with colorectal cancer. Despite previous reports, we report a positive correlation between colorectal cancer and S. gallolyticus colonization.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid treated with concurrent chemoradiation and palliative immunotherapy: a case report
Authors: Hsieh Meng-Lun , Besch Brian M. , Peterson Jo Elle G. , Henson Christina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid is a very rare malignancy with aggressive growth and poor prognosis. There is currently no consensus for treatment modality, however, most patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid are treated with surgery and adjuvant chemoradiation.Case presentationWe report a rare case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid in a 68-year-old White male who underwent chemoradiation and palliative immunotherapy after declining surgery. He was treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy to 70 Gy in 35 fractions, with concurrent carboplatin–paclitaxel and palliative pembrolizumab. Local thyroid disease recurrence occurred at 6 months post-chemoradiation, and the patient died at 16 months post-chemoradiation.ConclusionsThis is the first case report demonstrating the use of pembrolizumab as palliative therapy for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid. Our study also highlights the importance of chemoradiation in decreasing primary mass size and immunotherapy in preventing metastatic disease progression.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock: a meta-analysis of mortality and complications
Authors: Rajsic Sasa , Treml Benedikt , Jadzic Dragana , Breitkopf Robert , Oberleitner Christoph , Popovic Krneta Marina , Bukumiric Zoran 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (va-ECMO) is an advanced life support for critically ill patients with refractory cardiogenic shock. This temporary support bridges time for recovery, permanent assist, or transplantation in patients with high risk of mortality. However, the benefit of this modality is still subject of discussion and despite the continuous development of critical care medicine, severe cardiogenic shock remains associated with high mortality. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the current literature regarding in-hospital mortality and complication rates of va-ECMO in patients with cardiogenic shock.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the most recent literature to analyze the outcomes of va-ECMO support. Using the PRISMA guidelines, Medline (PubMed) and Scopus (Elsevier) databases were systematically searched up to May 2022. Meta-analytic pooled estimation of publications variables was performed using a weighted random effects model for study size.

Results
Thirty-two studies comprising 12756 patients were included in the final analysis. Between 1994 and 2019, 62% (pooled estimate, 8493/12756) of patients died in the hospital. More than one-third of patients died during ECMO support. The most frequent complications were renal failure (51%, 693/1351) with the need for renal replacement therapy (44%, 4879/11186) and bleeding (49%, 1971/4523), bearing the potential for permanent injury or death. Univariate meta-regression analyses identified age over 60 years, shorter ECMO duration and presence of infection as variables associated with in-hospital mortality, while the studies reporting a higher incidence of cannulation site bleeding were unexpectedly associated with a reduced in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an invasive life support with a high risk of complications. We identified a pooled in-hospital mortality of 62% with patient age, infection and ECMO support duration being associated with a higher mortality. Protocols and techniques must be developed to reduce the rate of adverse events. Finally, randomized trials are necessary to demonstrate the effectiveness of va-ECMO in cardiogenic shock.
Research designs and instruments to detect physiotherapy overuse of low-value care services in low back pain management: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kühn Lukas , Lindert Lara , Choi Kyung-Eun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The provision of low-value care services in low back pain management is a problem of global scope. Inappropriate imaging, overmedication, and overused invasive therapies are prevalent in physician services. Yet, little is known about overused low-value physiotherapy services. Most studies addressing physiotherapy overuse in low back pain management arose from countries in which physiotherapy is established in primary care. However, measures and instruments addressing physiotherapy overuse limitedly fit legislative conditions of health systems in which physiotherapy is a service of secondary care. Thus, this scoping review’s purpose is to map existing research designs and instruments aiming to detect overused low-value physiotherapy services taking specific healthcare settings and aspects of medical overuse into account.

Methods
The development of this scoping review is guided by the Arksey and O’Malley framework. A two-step, peer-reviewed search strategy in accordance with the PRESS checklist will be conducted on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and CINHAL. Additionally, gray literature will be searched on Google Scholar. Preprints of empirical studies will be included. Initially, two reviewers will independently screen articles for eligibility by title and abstract. A third reviewer will mediate discrepancies. Uncertainties will be eliminated by a full-text analysis or by contacting the corresponding authors. A four-step analytical process will guide result reporting focusing on major research questions outlined in this protocol. Numerical and narrative tables, graphics, and narrative summaries will be the methods to summarize and collate results. In the final step, the German health system will serve as an exemplary setting and frame to practically apply results.

Discussion
Results of this scoping review will help researchers to systematically select overuse measures referring to aspects of the overuse typology, specific healthcare settings, and physiotherapy services. It will further provide information on the limitations of present studies and will give advice on how to address them. Moreover, this review will illustrate to what degree existing studies succeed to comprehensively cover the concept of the overuse typology.

Systematic review registration
This protocol has been registered on the open science framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/PMF2G).
The high-order smooth interpolated reproducing kernel particle method for elastodynamics problems
Authors: Gu Jinpeng , Qin Yixiao , Li Zhonghua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCombining the interpolation reproducing kernel particle method (IRKPM) with the integral weak form of elastodynamics, we present a high-order smooth interpolated reproducing kernel particle method for an elastodynamics plane problem. The shape function of IRKPM not only has the interpolation property at any point but also has a high-order smoothness not lower than that of the kernel function. This new method overcomes the difficulties of most meshless methods in dealing with essential boundary conditions and ensures high numerical accuracy. For time domain integration, we use the classical Newmark average acceleration method. By numerical examples we demonstrate that the proposed method has the advantages of higher accuracy, smaller scale of solving problem, and direct application of boundary conditions.
Warming and elevated nitrogen deposition accelerate the invasion process of Solidago canadensis L.
Authors: Ren Guangqian , Yang Bin , Cui Miaomiao , Dai Zhicong , Xiang Yan , Zhang Haiyan , Li Guanlin , Li Jian , Javed Qaiser , Du Daolin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Invasive species can threaten native diversity and alter ecosystem processes while interacting with other components of global environmental change. Invasive plants are becoming increasingly problematic and this can be stimulated by changes in the environment. However, existing studies have primarily investigated the effects of environmental change on a specific stage of plant invasion rather than the continuous invasion process.

Methods
A space-for-time substitution experiment was performed to investigate how warming and nitrogen deposition affects the invasion process of a plant. Specifically, different ratios of invasive Solidago canadensis L. to native Artemisia argyi Levl. et Van were employed as a proxy to represent successive levels of invasion. A total of seven treatments were applied in the experiment: ambient (CK), N addition (+ 5, + 12 g m−2 year−1), warming (+ 1.15, + 1.86 °C) and their interaction (5 g N m−2 year−1 + 1.15 °C, 12 g N m−2 year−1 + 1.86 °C). The growth performance and competitiveness of S. canadensis were investigated.

Results
The competitiveness of Solidago canadensis decreased linearly with its invasion degree (p < 0.05). Non-linear regression showed that S. canadensis invasion levels of 53%, 53%, 68%, 55% and 58% were the critical thresholds for shifting the direction or magnitude of chlorophyll, leaf nitrogen, leaf shape index, diameter, and root/shoot ratio, respectively. Compared with the ambient treatment (CK, no warming and no N addition), the diameter, height, biomass and relative competitiveness of S. canadensis were each limited by warming, to a certain extent, whereas these and the above parameters were significantly increased by nitrogen deposition. The interaction of increased temperature and nitrogen deposition led to significant increases in the growth and competitiveness of S. canadensis, and this effect was detected in every stage of the invasion, throughout the invasion process.

Conclusions
Environmental change might have a continuous, progressive, and augmentative effect on the phenotypic traits of S. canadensis. This study provides fairly robust evidence that environmental change promotes the invasion process of S. canadensis in general, not simply in specific stages. In the future, rather than focusing on specific stages, experimental studies should consider examining invasion on a broader scale.
Susceptibility of dairy cows to subacute ruminal acidosis is reflected in both prepartum and postpartum bacteria as well as odd- and branched-chain fatty acids in feces
Authors: Yang Hong , Heirbaut Stijn , Jing Xiaoping , De Neve Nympha , Vandaele Leen , Jeyanathan Jeyamalar , Fievez Veerle 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The transition period is a challenging period for high-producing dairy cattle. Cows in early lactation are considered as a group at risk of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Variability in SARA susceptibility in early lactation is hypothesized to be reflected in fecal characteristics such as fecal pH, dry matter content, volatile and odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (VFA and OBCFA, respectively), as well as fecal microbiota. This was investigated with 38 periparturient dairy cows, which were classified into four groups differing in median and mean time of reticular pH below 6 as well as area under the curve of pH below 6. Furthermore, we investigated whether fecal differences were already obvious during a period prior to the SARA risk (prepartum).

Results
Variation in reticular pH during a 3-week postpartum period was not associated with differences in fecal pH and VFA concentration. In the postpartum period, the copy number of fecal bacteria and methanogens of unsusceptible (UN) cows was higher than moderately susceptible (MS) or susceptible (SU) cows, while the genera Ruminococcus and Prevotellacea_UCG-001 were proportionally less abundant in UN compared with SU cows. Nevertheless, only a minor reduction was observed in iso-BCFA proportions in fecal fatty acids of SU cows, particularly iso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0, compared with UN cows. Consistent with the bacterial changes postpartum, the lower abundance of Ruminococcus was already observed in the prepartum fecal bacterial communities of UN cows, whereas Lachnospiraceae_UCG-001 was increased. Nevertheless, no differences were observed in the prepartum fecal VFA or OBCFA profiles among the groups. Prepartum fecal bacterial communities of cows were clustered into two distinct clusters with 70% of the SU cows belonging to cluster 1, in which they represented 60% of the animals.

Conclusions
Inter-animal variation in postpartum SARA susceptibility was reflected in post- and prepartum fecal bacterial communities. Differences in prepartum fecal bacterial communities could alert for susceptibility to develop SARA postpartum. Our results generated knowledge on the association between fecal bacteria and SARA development which could be further explored in a prevention strategy.

Graphical abstract
Müller cell degeneration and microglial dysfunction in the Alzheimer’s retina
Authors: Xu Qinyuan Alis , Boerkoel Pierre , Hirsch-Reinshagen Veronica , Mackenzie Ian R. , Hsiung Ging-Yuek Robin , Charm Geoffrey , To Elliott F. , Liu Alice Q. , Schwab Katerina , Jiang Kailun , Sarunic Marinko , Beg Mirza Faisal , Pham Wellington , Cui Jing , To Eleanor , Lee Sieun , Matsubara Joanne A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmyloid beta (Aβ) deposits in the retina of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) eye may provide a useful diagnostic biomarker for AD. This study focused on the relationship of Aβ with macroglia and microglia, as these glial cells are hypothesized to play important roles in homeostasis and clearance of Aβ in the AD retina. Significantly higher Aβ load was found in AD compared to controls, and specifically in the mid-peripheral region. AD retina showed significantly less immunoreactivity against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and glutamine synthetase (GS) compared to control eyes. Immunoreactivity against ionized calcium binding adapter molecule-1 (IBA-1), a microglial marker, demonstrated a higher level of microgliosis in AD compared to control retina. Within AD retina, more IBA-1 immunoreactivity was present in the mid-peripheral retina, which contained more Aβ than the central AD retina. GFAP co-localized rarely with Aβ, while IBA-1 co-localized with Aβ in more layers of control than AD donor retina. These results suggest that dysfunction of the Müller and microglial cells may be key features of the AD retina.
Rapid cyclic fluctuations in blood pressure during two surgeries associated with pheochromocytoma: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Tomoyuki , Miyoshi Hirotsugu , Nakamura Ryuji , Otsuki Sachiko , Saeki Noboru , Tsutsumi Yasuo M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
We measured catecholamine levels during periodic blood pressure fluctuations in patients with pheochromocytoma.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old man presented with periodic blood pressure fluctuations during surgery for a renal pelvic tumor. His blood levels of catecholamines (ng/mL) changed dramatically over a short time during blood pressure fluctuations: adrenaline 0.36 to 3.22, noradrenaline 0.47 to 1.98, and dopamine 0.02. After the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, oral treatment with doxazosin 2 mg/day was administered, and left adrenalectomy was performed 4 months after the initial surgery. Periodic circulation fluctuations occurred after tracheal intubation at the time of anesthesia induction, but the degree of fluctuation was smaller than that of the first surgery.

Conclusions
The data suggest that the periodic blood pressure fluctuations in pheochromocytoma patients are caused by changes in blood catecholamine levels. Our data suggests that alpha blockers may also be effective against the cyclic fluctuations that occur in patients with pheochromocytoma.
Menstrual hygiene management considerations during Ebola response: a qualitative exploration
Authors: Sommer Marni , Utami Denita , Gruer Caitlin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is increased recognition within humanitarian response practice about the importance of addressing the menstruation-related needs of women and girls in emergencies. To date, however, menstruation has been minimally considered during Ebola virus disease (EVD) response efforts. Reasons for integrating menstrual hygiene management (MHM) into EVD response include suspicions and alarm arising from associating menstrual blood as a symptom of EVD and the need to assure that menstruating patients have menstrual products materials and supplies. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand how menstruation is, or should be, addressed most appropriately during EVD outbreak response. Data collection was conducted from June to August 2020 and included a global document review and semi-structured key informant interviews with cross-sectoral humanitarian and EVD experts (n = 21). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Four themes were prominent across the data: (1) limited guidance for addressing menstruation in EVD outbreak response, (2) Inconsistent access to female-friendly toilets, (3) unmet need for menstrual materials, and (4) overlooked menstrual challenges of EVD response staff. Key gaps in current EVD response include an insufficiency of clear guidelines and standards, limited best practices for ensuring consistent access to female-friendly toilets and menstrual materials, and insufficient attention to the menstrual needs of EVD response staff. While there have been efforts to address the menstruation-related needs of patients, communities, and response staff within some EVD outbreak zones, the full range of MHM considerations has infrequently been incorporated. Important lessons from this exercise may be useful for the mainstreaming of menstruation into EVD response during future response efforts.