bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semiparametric Copula‐Based Confidence Intervals on Level Curves for the Evaluation of the Risk Level Associated to Bivariate Events
Authors: Folcher Albert , Quessy Jean‐François 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIf is a random pair with distribution function , one can define the level curve of probability as the values of such that . This level curve is at the base of bivariate versions of return periods for the assessment of risk associated with extreme events. In most uses of bivariate return periods, the values taken by on this level curve are accorded equal significance. This paper adopts an innovative point‐of‐view by showing how to build confidence sets for the values of a pair of continuous random variables on a level curve. To this end, it is shown that the conditional distribution of given that the pair belongs to the level curve can be written in terms of the copula that characterizes its dependence structure. This allows for the definition of confidence sets on the level curve. It is suggested that the latter be estimated semi‐parametrically, where the copula is assumed to belong to a given parametric family, and the marginals are replaced by their empirical counterparts. Formulas are derived for the Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern, Archimedean, Normal, and Student copulas. The methodology is illustrated on the risk level associated with the daily concentration of atmospheric pollutants.
Shaking Table Test of a Large‐Scale Shield Tunnel Based on an Innovative Loading Device: Theory and Validation
Authors: Hong Junliang , Luo Junjie , Huang Xiangyun , Lu Jiahui , Liu Yanhui , Zhou Fulin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe current centrifuge and shaking table test for a shield tunnel is constrained by the equipment available, leading to a low similarity ratio between the test model and an inconsistent relationship between the soil and structure. Hence, the design of a steel frame, composed of steel plates and springs, has been proposed as an innovative loading device for performing shaking table experiments on large‐scale shield tunnels. The proposed loading device, inspired by the response displacement method, incorporates the steel frame to provide support for the tunnel model and transfer the seismic loading from the shaking table, while the springs serve as a representation of the soil‐tunnel interaction. In order to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the loading device, the device, and tunnel are simplified as Euler‐Bernoulli beams and linked together with springs to establish an analytical model, and the high‐order partial differential equation of the beam is solved to derive analytical solutions for the device and the tunnel. Furthermore, results from the numerical analysis and geotechnical box test on a shaking table system have also been obtained. Based on these results, the loading device is proven to be an effective method of applying seismic loading to the tunnel while maintaining its stability. With the use of the loading device, the shaking table test for a large‐scale shield tunnel could be successfully executed, resolving the issue of mismatched similarity between the soil and tunnel model.
Aggressive Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Setting of GATA2 Deficiency
Authors: Aljabi Brejjette , Stewart James A. , Withrow Kirk , Thomas Carissa M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGATA2 deficiency is a rare genetic disorder associated with hematologic, infectious, and neoplastic complications. We report a case of a patient with GATA2 deficiency who developed aggressive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck, an atypical manifestation of this condition.MethodsA 34‐year‐old Hispanic male, a nonsmoker, presented with a large, exophytic right facial mass. Biopsy revealed HPV‐negative SCC. Computed tomography (CT) showed a right periorbital mass invading the nasal cavity and a contralateral mass in the left parotid extending into the masticator space. The patient underwent extensive surgery, including right orbital exenteration, total rhinectomy, partial glossectomy, left radical parotidectomy, excision of the left mandibular condyle, and bilateral neck dissections. Reconstruction included a left temporalis muscle flap, internal fixation of the left zygoma, intermaxillary fixation, and a staged anterolateral thigh (ALT) free flap for the right facial defect. He developed postoperative Pseudomonas surgical site infections in the left face and ALT donor site and was treated with antibiotics and antifungals based on intraoperative culture results. The patient's postoperative course involved multiple interventions to address complications and support recovery. He developed bilateral local and regional recurrences rapidly after surgery and ultimately elected for palliative care.ResultsDue to the aggressive nature of this case in a young, nonsmoking patient, combined with the atypical infections, genetic testing was performed for immunodeficiency syndromes. He was ultimately diagnosed with GATA2 deficiency.ConclusionThis case highlights the aggressive nature of SCC in the context of GATA2 deficiency and underscores the importance of genetic testing in patients with unusual malignancy presentations and suspected immunodeficiency. Genetic testing in the patient's children allows for early diagnosis of GATA2 deficiency and provides an opportunity for curative intervention through hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Leveraging Local and Global Features for Enhanced Segmentation of Brain Metastatic Tumors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Mansouri Nejad Mojtaba , Rostami Habib , Keshavarz Ahmad , Ghimatgar Hojat , Rayani Mohamad Saleh , Gonbadi Leila 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMetastatic brain tumors present significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment, contributing to high mortality rates worldwide. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a pivotal diagnostic tool for identifying and assessing these tumors. However, accurate segmentation of MRI images remains critical for effective treatment planning and prognosis determination. Traditional segmentation methods, including threshold‐based algorithms, often struggle with precisely delineating tumor boundaries, especially in three‐dimensional (3D) images. This article introduces a 3D segmentation framework that combines Swin Transformers and 3D U‐Net architectures, leveraging the complementary strengths of these models to improve segmentation accuracy and generalizability for metastatic brain tumors. We train multiple 3D U‐Net and Swin U‐Net models, selecting the best‐performing architectures for segmenting tumor voxels. The outputs of these networks are then combined using various strategies, such as logical operations and stacking the outputs with the original images, to guide the training of a third model. Our method employs an innovative ensemble approach, integrating these outputs into a unified prediction model to enhance performance reliability. Experimental analysis on a newly released metastasis brain tumor dataset, which to the best of our knowledge has been tested for the first time using our models, yielded an impressive accuracy of 73.47%, validating the effectiveness of the proposed architectures.
Evaluation of Burn Wound Healing and Skin Regeneration in Animal Model Using Alginate/PVA Nanofibrous Wound Dressings Containing Dragon's Blood
Authors: Seyedi Danial , Salehi Majid , Zamani Sepehr , Cheraghali Danial , Dehghani Farzaneh , Mehrabi Mohsen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe challenge of healing burn wounds is significant importance in global healthcare systems, with a high demand for advanced wound dressings to aid in the treatment of such injuries. Promising options include bioactive electrospun scaffolds made from polymers with antimicrobial properties, which can prevent infections and promote faster healing. This study involved the creation of a nanofibrous scaffold using the electrospinning technique, which consisted of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), alginate (Alg), and Dragon's blood (DB). The scaffold was then analyzed for both its morphology and chemical composition. Results indicated that the DB was present in the nanofibrous scaffold, which had a uniform and unbranched appearance with fibers measuring approximately 300–400 nm in diameter. Additionally, mechanical property testing revealed promising results that fall within the range of human skin. The scaffold's wound healing potential was evaluated through various measurements, including water contact angle, drug release, water vapor permeability, blood compatibility, blood clotting index, and antibacterial activity. Results from an in vivo study on burn wounds showed that scaffolds containing 20% DB exhibited excellent wound healing ability with 80.3% wound closure after 21 days. This was attributed to the highest collagen synthesis, re‐epithelization and remodeling of the burned skin. Therefore, PVA/Alg/DB nanofibrous scaffolds hold promise as a wound dressing to treat burn injuries.
Comparing the Efficacy of Various Insulin Types: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Glucose Clamp Effects in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Chang Yi Chien , Jusko William J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study compares the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of various subcutaneously (SC) dosed insulin analogs, including rapid‐acting, intermediate‐acting, long‐acting, and regular human insulin, using mechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) models. These models were applied to data from euglycemic clamp studies in healthy volunteers, where insulin pharmacokinetics and its effects on glucose utilization were monitored. Data from published studies were digitized and modeled using MONOLIX (Version 2024). The PK model described insulin absorption via sequential first‐order processes and linear elimination. The PD effects were captured using a model combination of biophase, indirect, and receptor down‐regulation components. While PK parameters—especially absorption rates—varied between insulin types, a common set of nonlinear PD parameters was sought to account for dose‐related differences in glucose utilization. The maximum glucose stimulation () was 163, and the insulin concentration for a half‐maximal effect () were 1156 pmol/L for insulin lispro, regular human insulin, neutral protamine hagedorn (NPH) insulin, and insulin glargine; 674 pmol/L for insulin aspart; and 5335 pmol/L for insulin detemir. Insulin detemir showed similar overt effects as the other insulin types but with smaller clearances and lower potency. This mechanism‐based glucose–insulin model demonstrated that most insulin analogs exhibit similar receptor‐ and transporter‐related parameters. The model, with specific PK but unified PD parameters, may enable clinical optimization of insulin therapy by highlighting differences in pharmacokinetics and operating common intrinsic glucose utilization parameters.
Awe‐inspired: Appraising awe's consequences for consumers and brands
Authors: Cavanaugh Lisa A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis article builds on Keltner's conceptual model of awe, innovation, and choice (Keltner, 2025). This article expands on the framework in two main ways by outlining (1) when awe could have positive versus negative consequences for consumer choice and (2) how focusing on distinctive aspects of the consumer behavior setting may further enhance understanding of awe. Building on these themes, this article proposes several areas for research: examining granular aspects of the core appraisals, further characterizing different cognitive functions, considering consequences for different consumer choice domains (e.g., decision making, indulgence, customization), and focusing on how different kinds of relationships (e.g., brand communities), types of prosocial action (e.g., donating vs. volunteering), and forms of brand generated awe (direct vs. indirect) impact consumer behavior. This article offers specific propositions to encourage future research on how awe may impact consumers and brands.
Acceptability of an annual tenofovir alafenamide implant for HIV prevention in South African women: findings from the CAPRISA 018 Phase I clinical trial
Authors: Gengiah Tanuja N. , Heck Craig J. , Lewis Lara , Mansoor Leila E. , Harkoo Ishana , Myeni Nqobile , Baum Marc M. , Moss John A. , Rooney James F. , Hankins Catherine , Pozzetto Bruno , Abdool Karim Salim S. , Abdool Karim Quarraisha 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionLong‐acting HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis promises to improve uptake, adherence and persistence challenges experienced with daily oral tablets. We assessed the acceptability of an annual tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) implant in South African women enrolled from 9 July 2020 until 31 May 2022 in a Phase I trial.MethodsSix women received one TAF implant for 4 weeks (Group 1), after which 30 women were randomized (4:1, TAF to placebo ratio) to receive 1 or 2 TAF or placebo implants for 48 weeks (Group 2), before trial discontinuation. Acceptability assessments were conducted pre‐ and post‐implant removal. Implant attributes (size, quantity, insertion site, palpability, visibility) and physical experiences (insertion/removal procedures, implant site reactions [ISRs]) were rated on a scale of 1 (highly unacceptable) to 6 (highly acceptable), with 4 being the acceptability threshold. The mean (range) of the mean acceptability scores across all pre‐removal visits were calculated, including stratification by removal timing (early vs. scheduled). Implant likes and dislikes were also assessed.ResultsThe median participant age was 26 years. Prior to implant removal, the mean (range) acceptability scores were 5.4 (3.6–6.0) for product attributes and 5.1 (1.7–6.0) for physical experiences. Eleven (31%) participants had early implant removals, occurring on average 19 weeks (range 2–27 weeks) after insertion. The proportion of study visits reporting adherence measure as unacceptable in early versus scheduled removals: ISRs (50% vs. 19%), visibility (30% vs. 15%), palpability (14% vs. 8%), pain (16% vs. 4%) and implant quantity (13% vs. 1%). Pre‐removal acceptability scores for ISRs (p = 0.003) and physical experiences (p = 0.05) were significantly associated with early removal. Overall, mean (range) acceptability scores were 5.8 (4.0–6.0) and 5.9 (4.7–6.0) for lifestyle compatibility and likelihood of recommendation, respectively. After removal, 39% of participants found ISRs unacceptable, followed by 22% citing implant visibility. Potential for long‐term HIV protection, followed by discreet and convenient use, were most liked, while ISRs were the most disliked aspect.ConclusionsWhile implant attributes, physical experiences and insertion/removal procedures were largely acceptable, local ISRs significantly reduced tolerability and acceptability, resulting in higher‐than‐expected early removals. The potential benefits of an annual TAF implant may be undermined unless tolerability is improved.
Optical Self‐Assembly of Chiral Nanostructures by a Seed Symmetry‐Breaking Effect
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Zhen‐Ze , Zhou Hong‐Wei , Li Rui‐Fan , Huang Jia‐Tai , Lin Zhu , Chen Qi‐Dai , Wang Lei , Sun Hong‐Bo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIt has been established that assembling chiral nanostructures using a circularly polarized laser is formidable due to their symmetry mismatch. Traditionally, complex light fields or chiral precursors are considered prerequisites for optical chiral self‐assembly. Herein, an unexpected seed symmetry‐breaking (SSB) effect is reported, through which not only are chiral structures readily assembled by circularly polarized light in a controllable manner, but the physical mechanism of chiral assembly reported so far is also clarified. The SSB effect refers to a phenomenon of symmetry reduction in photo‐generated structures—the seed for ensuing structure growth—which inevitably leads to a chiral near field and the formation of resultant chiral structures. As proof of concept, the near fields as well as the process of chiral structure evolution are recorded using a low‐melting‐point film. In this particular case, laser‐induced nanoscale Rayleigh–Taylor instability (nano‐RTI) is responsible for the initial SSB. Consequently, a simple and rapid chiral structure self‐assembly method is developed, and a programmable array with a 15% peak in the circular differential scattering spectrum (CDS) is realized.
Epigenetic modifications in early stage lung cancer: pathogenesis, biomarkers, and early diagnosis
Authors: Bi Lingfeng , Wang Xin , Li Jiayi , Li Weimin , Wang Zhoufeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe integration of liquid biopsy with epigenetic markers offers significant potential for early lung cancer detection and personalized treatment. Epigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA changes, often precede genetic mutations and are critical in cancer progression. In this study, we explore how liquid biopsy, combined with epigenetic markers, can provide early detection of lung cancer, potentially predicting onset up to 4 years before clinical diagnosis. We discuss the challenges of targeting epigenetic regulators, which could disrupt cellular balance if overexploited, and the need for maintaining key gene expressions in therapeutic applications. This review highlights the promise and challenges of using liquid biopsy and epigenetic markers for early‐stage lung cancer diagnosis, with a focus on optimizing treatment strategies for personalized and precision medicine.
Exponential Behavior and Optimal Control Analysis for a Class of Fractional Stochastic Hemivariational Inequalities of Order r∈(1,2)$$ r\in \left(1,2\right) $$ With Poisson Jumps
Authors: Dineshkumar Chendrayan , Hoon Jeong Jae , Hoon Joo Young 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we deal with the exponential behavior for fractional stochastic neutral hemivariational inequalities of order with sectorial operators and Poisson jumps. Firstly, by using stochastic analysis, fractional calculus, sine and cosine family operators, fixed point theorems of multivalued maps, and generalized Clarke subdifferential, we show the existence of mild solutions for the fractional stochastic systems. Then we establish adequate conditions to guarantee the exponential decay of the mild solution towards zero in the square mean. Next, our results cover problems involving optimal control. Finally, we present theoretical application to support the validity of the study.
Fekete–Szegö Variations for Some New Classes of Analytic Functions Explained Over Poisson and Borel Distribution Series
Authors: Akgül Arzu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe motivation of this paper is to explore and generalize Sakaguchi‐type functions, which play a significant role in geometric function theory. In this context, we introduce four new classes of analytic univalent functions: , and . These classes are defined to extend the study of these functions and their applications. First, we define the class , associated with generalized telephone numbers, using the concept of subordination. For functions in this class, we derive initial coefficient estimates and address the Fekete–Szegö functional problem, as well as explore results for the inverse function . Next, we introduce the remaining classes , and which are connected to through convolution and Borel and Poisson distribution series. For these classes, we obtain variations of the Fekete–Szegö inequality and discuss their relationships with previously studied function classes.
A Report of Three Cases With Dissociative Disorder: Some Positive Response to Methylphenidate Extended Release Used for Their Concurrent Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Okano Kenichiro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough no psychotropic medication is specifically effective for dissociative symptoms, certain abusive substances can markedly alter these symptoms. Regarding psychotropic medications, a positive response was observed in certain patients with dissociative symptoms who also have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), for which methylphenidate extended release (MER) was administered. A is a female in her twenties and has dissociative identity disorder (DID) and ADHD. Primary personality A1 is usually on duty but always on guard, as her other personality, A2, often attempts to disturb A1. A1's job is also hampered by careless mistakes due to her ADHD. After A was put on MER, A1 felt that A2's presence suddenly faded away while on duty and she could focus better on her job as a result. B is a middle‐aged male with DID and ADHD whose life is disturbed by the occasional appearance of a violent and disruptive personality. When MER was administered for his ADHD symptoms, it helped him stay alert, and his violent episodes decreased significantly. C is a young male university student with occasional dissociative “foggy” episodes that leave him with amnesia. He is diagnosed with depersonalization‐derealization disorder (DDD) and ADHD. After MER was administered for his ADHD symptoms, his dissociative episodes diminished markedly, and his job performance improved significantly as a result. When MER is administered for patients with dissociative conditions and comorbid ADHD, it appears to have positive effects on their dissociative symptoms, including increasing the threshold separating different personalities or diminishing depersonalization symptoms.
Enhancing insulation properties of sodium alginate bioaerogel using plant‐based phytic acid
Authors: Abdul Khalil H. P. S. , Giuma Abdussalam , Ahmad Mardiana Idayu , Hosny Khaled M. , Alahmadi Amerh Aiad , Rizg Waleed Y. , Alghamdi Majed A. , Baradwan Mohammed , Yahya Esam Bashir 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, we present a facile and sustainable approach to developing sodium alginate/phytic acid bioaerogels, aiming to enhance their thermal insulation and flame‐retardant properties. The results reveal that a 1% phytic acid concentration is optimal, resulting in a significant reduction in thermal conductivity to 0.040 W/mK, while also improving specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity. Mechanical tests indicate that at this concentration, the aerogels achieve superior structural integrity, evidenced by enhanced hardness, resilience, and cohesiveness, which are critical for maintaining performance under mechanical stress. Furthermore, the 1% phytic acid bioaerogel exhibited excellent flame retardance, achieving a UL‐94 V‐0 rating and a Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of 35%, demonstrating its capacity to resist ignition and slow down flame propagation. In contrast, aerogels with higher concentrations of phytic acid, particularly at 2.5%, displayed structural instability, leading to incomplete gelation and failure to maintain a coherent aerogel matrix. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing phytic acid concentration to balance thermal, mechanical, and fire‐retardant properties, thereby enhancing the practical applications of sodium alginate/phytic acid bioaerogels as eco‐friendly insulation materials.Highlights
Optimized 1% phytic acid boosts bioaerogel thermal insulation to 0.040 W/mK.
Sodium alginate bioaerogels enhanced with phytic acid achieve UL‐94 V‐0 rating.
Phytic acid at 1% concentration ensures mechanical stability and high resilience.
High phytic acid (>1%) leads to reduced porosity and structural instability.
Eco‐friendly sodium alginate/phytic acid bioaerogels show superior flame resistance.