bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic deprivation and cancer incidence in England: Quantifying the role of smoking
Authors: Payne Nick W. S. , Brown Katrina F. , Delon Christine , Kotrotsios Yannis , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Shelton Jon 
Published: September 2022

Background
More deprived populations typically experience higher cancer incidence rates and smoking prevalence compared to less deprived populations. We calculated the proportion of cancer cases attributable to smoking by socio-economic deprivation in England and estimated the impact smoking has on the deprivation gap for cancer incidence.

Methods
Data for cancer incidence (2013–2017), smoking prevalence (2003–2007) and population estimates (2013–2017) were split by sex, age-group and deprivation quintile. Relative risk estimates from meta-analyses were used to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) for 15 cancer types associated with smoking. The deprivation gap was calculated using age-specific incidence rates by deprivation quintile.

Results
Smoking-related cancer PAFs in England are 2.2 times larger in the most deprived quintile compared to the least deprived quintile (from 9.7% to 21.1%). If everyone had the same smoking prevalence as the least deprived quintile, 20% of the deprivation gap in cancer incidence could have been prevented. If nobody smoked, 61% of the deprivation gap could have been prevented.

Conclusions
The majority of the deprivation gap in cancer incidence could have been prevented in England between 2013–2017 if nobody had smoked. Policy makers should ensure that tobacco control policies reduce overall smoking prevalence by tackling smoking inequalities.
Effectiveness of online mindfulness-based interventions in improving mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Witarto Bendix Samarta , Visuddho Visuddho , Witarto Andro Pramana , Bestari Damba , Sawitri Brihastami , Melapi Tando Abner Sivile , Wungu Citrawati Dyah Kencono 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Psychotherapies, such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), are currently needed to tackle mental health problems. Online MBIs have become promising since face-to-face interventions are limited during the COVID-19 pandemic due to lockdown and social distancing. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effect of online MBIs in improving mental health, mainly depression, anxiety, and stress.

Materials and methods
A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines on several databases for eligible studies up to October 17, 2021. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 tool. Effect sizes were presented as standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g) between the online MBIs and control groups at post-test and follow-up using a random-effects model.

Results
Eight randomized controlled trials involving 868 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled adherence rate to online MBIs was 94% (95% CI = 91% to 98%). The findings revealed that online MBIs had a statistically significant small to moderate effect in reducing depression (g = -0.32; 95% CI = -0.49 to -0.14; I2 = 0%), a small effect on anxiety (g = -0.25; 95% CI = -0.43 to -0.06; I2 = 27%), and a moderate effect on stress (g = -0.62; 95% CI = -1.09 to -0.16; I2 = 83%). In addition, significant small effects at follow-up were observed for depression (g = -0.26; 95% CI = -0.48 to -0.04; I2 = 0%) and anxiety (g = -0.28; 95% CI = -0.48 to -0.08; I2 = 0%), but not for stress.

Conclusion
Online MBIs have beneficial effects on mental health, particularly depression, anxiety, and stress, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the limitations of the current study, future trials that specifically consider potential effect influencing factors, longer follow-up evaluation, and methodological quality are warranted.
Investigation of cell signalings and therapeutic targets in PTPRK-RSPO3 fusion-positive colorectal cancer
Authors: Jeong Jae Heon , Yun Jae Won , Kim Ha Young , Heo Chan Yeong , Lee Sejoon 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most deadly and common diseases in the world, accounting for over 881,000 casualties in 2018. The PTPRK-RSPO3 (P:R) fusion is a structural variation in CRC and well known for its ability to activate WNT signaling and tumorigenesis. However, till now, therapeutic targets and actionable drugs are limited in this subtype of cancer.

Materials and method
The purpose of this study is to identify key genes and cancer-related pathways specific for P:R fusion-positive CRC. In addition, we also inferred the actionable drugs in bioinformatics analysis using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.

Results
2,505 genes were altered in RNA expression specific for P:R fusion-positive CRC. By pathway analysis based on the altered genes, ten major cancer-related signaling pathways (Apoptosis, Direct p53, EGFR, ErbB, JAK-STAT, tyrosine kinases, Pathways in Cancer, SCF-KIT, VEGFR, and WNT-related Pathway) were significantly altered in P:R fusion-positive CRC. Among these pathways, the most altered cancer genes (ALK, ACSL3, AXIN, MYC, TP53, GNAQ, ACVR2A, and FAS) specific for P:R fusion and involved in multiple cancer pathways were considered to have a key role in P:R fusion-positive CRC. Based on the drug-target network analysis, crizotinib, alectinib, lorlatinib, brigatinib, ceritinib, erdafitinib, infigratinib and pemigatinib were selected as putative therapeutic candidates, since they were already used in routine clinical practice in other cancer types and target genes of the drugs were involved in multiple cancer-pathways.
Medication adherence and its impact on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with comorbidity: A multicenter cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Sendekie Ashenafi Kibret , Netere Adeladlew Kassie , Kasahun Asmamaw Emagn , Belachew Eyayaw Ashete 
Published: September 2022

Background
Medication nonadherence in patients with chronic diseases, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with comorbidity, has continued to be the cause of treatment failure. The current study assessed medication adherence and its impact on glycemic control in T2DM patients with comorbidity.

Methods
An institutional-based multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among T2DM patients with comorbidity at the selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. Medication adherence was measured using a structured questionnaire of the General Medication Adherence Scale (GMAS). A logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of the level of medication adherence and glycemic control. P < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval (CI) was statistically significant.

Results
A total of 403 samples were included in the final study. This study showed that more than three-fourths (76.9%) of the participants were under a low level of medication adherence. Source of medication cost coverage [AOR = 10.593, 95% CI (2.628–41.835; P = 0.003], monthly income (P < 0.00), self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) practice [AOR = 0.266, 95% CI (0.117–0.604); P = 0.002], number of medications [AOR = 0.068, 95% CI (0.004–0.813); P = 0.014] and medical conditions [AOR = 0.307, 95% CI (0.026–0.437); P = 0.018] were found to be significant predictors of medication adherence. Significantly, majority (74.7%) of participants had poor levels of glycemic control. Patients who had a high level of medication adherence [AOR = 0.003, 95% CI (0.000–0.113); P = 0.002] were found less likely to have poor glycemic control compared with patients who were low adherent to their medications.

Conclusion
The current study concluded that medication adherence was low and significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Number of medical conditions and medications were found to be associated with medication adherence. Management interventions of T2DM patients with comorbidity should focus on the improvement of medication adherence.
Prevalence of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Contrast-Enhanced CT Angiography at a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Gayathri Shivakumar  , Suresh M.K.  , Naveen P.V.  
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND
Multimodal Computed Tomography (CT) imaging with contrast-enhanced CT angiography (CTA) is frequently being used to guide the management of acute ischemic stroke. The administration of contrast media (CM) may lead to nephrotoxicity. However, little has been reported about the safety of intravenous CM exposure in acute stroke patients. This study aims to evaluate whether there is a significant change in renal function following contrast agent administration, determine the proportion of patients developing contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI), and analyze the risk factors associated with the same.
METHODS
We analysed 138 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent emergency CTA at our centre, followed up on the renal parameters and prospectively evaluated them for the development of CI-AKI. The patients who developed CI-AKI were analysed for specific risk factors and categorized into risk groups based on a pre-validated risk score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to identify independent predictors of CI-AKI.
RESULTS
CI-AKI occurred in 19 patients (13.7%). Significant (p<0.001) changes in renal parameters were observed following contrast administration irrespective of whether it satisfied the criteria for CI-AKI. Most of the patients had a low-risk score for CI-AKI. The predicted risk of CI-AKI based on the Mehran Risk Score (MRS) was similar to that observed in our study population. No patient had to be on haemodialysis. Raised baseline S.creatinine(p-value<0.03), Diabetes with microangiopathy(p-value<0.001), and systemic hypertension(p-value<0.001) were significant predictors for CI-AKI.
CONCLUSIONS
The development of renal sequelae is low in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing contrast imaging. Prompt CTA, if indicated, need not be delayed in those with no history of renal impairment or without relevant risk factors. A practical reflection of this study is to be cognizant of the renal risks that an in-patient stroke population is exposed to as Intravascular depletion, infections(urinary tract infections, pneumonia), and nephrotoxic medications.
Angular acceleration compensation guidance law for passive homing missiles
Authors: Li Jixin , Liang Xiaogeng , Xia Keqiang , You Yilin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Proportional navigation guidance law (PNG) is widely used for passive homing missiles. But PNG often suffers from inaccurate tracking of target or even failure when the target is maneuvering quickly or releasing artificial decoys. In order to solve this problem, the angular acceleration compensation guidance law (AACG) is constructed by using line of sight (LOS) angular velocity and LOS angular acceleration. The stability analysis with Lyapunov stability theory shows that AACG system is asymptotically stable on a large scale under certain stability constraint conditions. AACG command is designed to be perpendicular to the LOS and optimized by gravity compensation. AACG is neither dependent on target acceleration nor the distance between the missile and the target. The numerical simulation results indicate that AACG has good guidance performance on air-to-air missiles when the target maneuvers violently or releases artificial decoys in the endgame term.
A review on graphene/rubber nanocomposites
Authors: Murugesan Arunkumar , Lakshmanan Saraswathy Jayakumari , Chandran Ramji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The numerous combinations of different rubbers as matrix materials with graphene/graphene derivatives as nanofillers, which are used to fabricate graphene/rubber nanocomposites, are illustrated in this study. The different processing methods for producing graphene/rubber nanocomposites are investigated in depth. Furthermore, based on the results of various experiments performed with the produced graphene/rubber nanocomposites, an attempt is made to establish an outline over the influence of graphene nanofillers inside the rubber matrix. To explain the composite material characteristics, different processes, and the consequence of the incorporation of graphene/graphene derivatives nanofillers, a unique approximation has been accomplished.
A new computational investigation to the new exact solutions of (3 + 1)-dimensional WKdV equations via two novel procedures arising in shallow water magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Zhou Maojie , Akbulut Arzu , Kaplan Melike , Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Yue Xiao-Guang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Various new exact solutions to

(

3
+
1

)

\left(3+1)

-dimensional Wazwaz–KdV equations are obtained in this work via two techniques: the modified Kudryashov procedure and modified simple equation method. The 3D plots, contour plots, and 2D plots of some obtained solutions are provided to describe the dynamic characteristics of the obtained solutions. Our employed techniques are very helpful in constructing new exact solutions to several nonlinear models encountered in ocean scientific phenomena arising in stratified flows, shallow water, plasma physics, and internal waves.
The European Union prioritises economics over health in the rollout of radiofrequency technologies
Authors: Nyberg Nils Rainer , McCredden Julie E. , Weller Steven G. , Hardell Lennart 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The fifth generation of radiofrequency communication, 5G, is currently being rolled out worldwide. Since September 2017, the EU 5G Appeal has been sent six times to the EU, requesting a moratorium on the rollout of 5G. This article reviews the 5G Appeal and the EU’s subsequent replies, including the extensive cover letter sent to the EU in September 2021, requesting stricter guidelines for exposures to radiofrequency radiation (RFR). The Appeal notes the EU’s internal conflict between its approach to a wireless technology-led future, and the need to protect the health and safety of its citizens. It critiques the reliance of the EU on the current guidelines given by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), that consider only heating and no other health relevant biological effects from RFR. To counteract the ICNIRP position, the 2021 cover letter briefly presented recent research from the EU’s own expert groups, from a large collection of European and other international studies, and from previous reviews of the effects of RFR on humans and the environment. The 5G Appeal asserts that the majority of scientific evidence points to biological effects, many with the potential for harm, occurring below the ICNIRP public limits. Evidence to establish this position is drawn from studies showing changes to neurotransmitters and receptors, damage to cells, proteins, DNA, sperm, the immune system, and human health, including cancer. The 2021 Appeal goes on to warn that 5G signals are likely to additionally alter the behaviour of oxygen and water molecules at the quantum level, unfold proteins, damage skin, and cause harm to insects, birds, frogs, plants and animals. Altogether, this evidence establishes a high priority for the European Union towards (i) replacing the current flawed guidelines with protective thresholds, and (ii) placing a moratorium on 5G deployment so as to (iii) allow industry-independent scientists the time needed to propose new health-protective guidelines. This 2021 Appeal’s relevance becomes even more pressing in the context of the EU plans to roll out the sixth generation of wireless technologies, 6G, further adding to the known risks of RFR technology for humans and the environment. This all leads to an important question: Do EU decision makers have the right to ignore EU´s own directives by prioritising economic gain over human and environmental health?
The digital approach to semiotics: a systematic review
Authors: Berlanga-Fernández Inmaculada , Reyes Everardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article traces the presence of the concept digital semiotics in scientific literature with the aim of constituting a corpus of study that would allow to identify its goals and fields of interest. We undertook a systematic review of the term in the most important academic databases. We obtained 389 records and analyzed each of them in terms of publication date, type, content, and synthesis of contributions that develop distinct lines of investigation in digital semiotics. The results show a reduced number of first level publications that approach in detail this object of inquiry while establishing multimodal semiotics and social semiotics as the most consolidated branches. However, we found an increasing amount of gray literature that paves the way towards a deeper semiotic research tradition in the 21st century. We conclude by calling for a revision of semiotics, understood as a field of study that brings together interdisciplinary relationships and methodological solutions that interrogate the digital culture.
Double Encryption Algorithm for Massive Personal Biometric Authentication Images Based on Chaotic Mapping for Future Smart Cities
Authors: Ma Lei , Qu Mingfei , He Pengfei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To address the problems of low encryption security, slow encryption speed, and small key space of personal biometric authentication image, a double encryption algorithm of image based on chaotic mapping is proposed. The global block-matching strategy of sparse clustering is used to remove the image noise, and the encrypted key information in the biometric authentication image is extracted by mathematical morphology. The logistic index is used to disrupt the image information distribution, bit scrambling is used to double scramble the image, and the Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA)-256 hash function is used to generate the initial value of the chaotic system to obtain the chaotic map and the random variable sequence of hyperchaotic Chen system, and the chaotic sequence is transformed into the ciphertext image matrix after exclusive OR (XOR) operation in order to realize the double encryption of personal biometric authentication image. The results show that the proposed method has large key space, high encryption accuracy, fast efficiency, and better security performance.
En los Andes hay ciudades que se van. El reasentamiento de la ciudad de Morococha y el conflicto entre los nuevos morocochanos y los viejos morocochanos, a través de la antropología de las moralidades.
Authors: Chávez Huapaya Yeiddy 
Published: September 2022

La puesta en marcha del proyecto minero Toromocho implicó el reasentamiento de la ciudad de Morococha. Esta situación generó una crisis social que devino en un conflicto en el cual se pudieron vislumbrar diferentes pareceres con respecto a la negociación y a los métodos a utilizarse para un adecuado reasentamiento. Este proceso avivó las diferencias sociales, los prejuicios, la discriminación y distintos tipos de acusaciones dentro de una ciudad ad portas de un cambio absolutamente radical. Pero por, sobre todo, dividió a los actores sociales, los cuales, por un lado, estaban a favor del reasentamiento sin negociación (inquilinos) y por otro aquellos que estaban a favor del reasentamiento según la puesta en marcha de una negociación previa con la minera Chinalco (verdaderos morocochanos). Con el objetivo de dar un hilo argumentativo, explico este conflicto en cuatro partes: ruptura, crisis, reajuste y reintegración.
Improving HPV Vaccination Rates in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Pediatric Population
Authors: Cox Joanne E. , Bogart Laura M. , Elliott Marc N. , Starmer Amy J. , Meleedy-Rey Patricia , Goggin Kathy , Banerjee Taruna , Samuels Ronald C. , Hahn Phillip D. , Epee-Bounya Alexandra , Allende-Richter Sophie , Fu Chong-Min , Schuster Mark A. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Nationally, 54.2% of youth are fully vaccinated for human papilloma virus (HPV) with persistent gender and racial/ethnic disparities. We used a quality improvement approach to improve completion of the HPV vaccine series by age 13 years. As a secondary aim, we examined racial/ethnic and gender differences in vaccine uptake.

METHODS
The study setting included 2 pediatric, academic, primary care practices in Massachusetts. We designed a multilevel patient-, provider-, and systems-level intervention addressing parental hesitancy, provider communication, and clinical operations. Rates of HPV series completion by age 13 were monitored using a control p chart. Bivariate and multivariate analyses evaluated vaccine completion differences on the basis of clinic size, gender, and race/ethnicity.

RESULTS
Between July 1, 2014, and September 30, 2021, control p charts showed special cause variation with HPV vaccine initiation by age 9 years, increasing from 1% to 52%, and vaccine completion by 13 years, increasing from 37% to 77%. Compared with White and Black children, Hispanic children were more likely to initiate the HPV vaccine at age 9 (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = (1.4–2.6)] and complete the series by age 13 (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 2.3 (1.7–3.0).

CONCLUSIONS
A multilevel intervention was associated with sustained HPV vaccine series completion by age 13 years. Hispanic children were more likely to be vaccinated. Qualitative family input was critical to intervention design. Provider communication training addressed vaccine hesitancy. Initiation of the vaccine at age 9 and clinicwide vaccine protocols were key to sustaining improvements.
Farm to table: Residues of different pesticides in tomato and tomato juice – Food safety aspects
Authors: Lehel József , Vöröskői Petra , Palkovics András , Szabó Csaba , Darnay Lívia , Budai Péter , Laczay Péter , Lányi Katalin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
During plant cultivation, the pesticides can get into the tissue of vegetables due to crop protection processes, and thus into the food chain. Therefore, they constitute a potential risk to the consumer's health. Depletion of pesticides [spirotetramat (Movento), azoxystrobin and difenoconazole (Amistar Top)] was monitored by testing tomatoes treated individually or simultaneously and tomato juices prepared from the treated tomatoes. The investigations aimed to reveal any kinetic interaction between the compounds tested and changes in their elimination, and thus to assess their compliance with the official Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). The co-presence of pesticides prolonged the elimination of the individual compounds which reached significantly higher residue levels (P < 0.0001) in tomato, especially difenoconazole (45%) and azoxystrobin (50%) on day 8 after treatment that can cause food safety issues to the human consumers. However, the concentrations of pesticides applied alone or simultaneously were found to be below the corresponding MRL values after the withdrawal period in all investigated tomato and tomato juice samples. Accordingly, the investigated pesticides can be safely used simultaneously, their concentrations are in compliance with the legal regulations and thus their concomitant presence does not pose any risk to the consumers' health.