bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Availability and use of Audio-Visual Aids in Teaching Science
Authors: Dawadi  
Published: August 2022

Audio-visual instructional materials are highly motivating supplements to make the teaching effective. The learning process itself is based primarily on sensory experiences. So, availability and use of audio, visual aids helps to make the science learning permanent, to transfer the learning and to understand the science structure. The main objective of the study is to find out the availability of instructional materials in the secondary private and public schools, to find out the teacher knowledge and skills to construct and use of teaching materials. The study is based on primary data drawn by observation and questionnaire on the field visited and secondary sources of data collected from the checklist and Districts Education office, Kathmandu. The data analysis procedure was descriptive in nature and appropriate statistical measurements with a sensible description of availability and use of instructional materials in teaching science. Thus, this study proved the availability and use of instructional materials more than private school with compare to public schools and the availability of instructional materials in the schools was not satisfactory. Even available materials in the schools were not used properly by teachers at the time of teaching in science. The findings and conclusion of the study will help to concern agencies. It is better to conduct such type of research studies at the national level.
The effect of teachers’ attitudes on students’ personality and performance
Authors: Muzamil Muhammad , Kashif Iqbal  , Sumaira Parveen  , Yasir Imran  
Published: August 2022

Emphasis on pupil-focused education frequently influences how instructors view students' achievements in subjects with a loss of lifelong vision development. An instructor who has his personal teaching techniques and further his attitude and conduct, offers his university students a healthy intellectual attitude and a clean new worldview by means of leaving memorable lines in them. This is a preparatory look to discover how 'attitudes of instructors affect the personality and performance of students'. On this experience this research has offered instructional perception and versatility in trainer-scholar relationships beyond the confined classroom and lecture rooms. The sample of the studies group incorporates a total of 100 students from diverse departments of the University of Sargodha Sub Campus Bhakkar. The data was collected by online survey. The most crucial findings was that the 'attitudes' of suitable instructors have a high quality effect on college students'' persona 'and performance in life.
The Relevance of E-Aesthetics in The Sustainability Of Nigerian Libraries In The Digital Era
Authors: Ogunbanjo Emmanuel Gbemisola , Bakare Oluwabunmi Dorcas 
Published: August 2022

The digital library brought with it several challenges which do not fully erode the traditional libraries in developing countries such as Nigeria as most libraries have become a complex entity with the operation of both the traditional and the digital libraries. Therefore, as library service providers are trying to guarantee the smooth operation of the physical library, they are also struggling to ensure a seamless digital library. Therefore, various aspect of the design such as the aesthetic condition which include the e-aesthetics need to be put into consideration in designing the digital library web pages respectively. It was on this premise that this study focused on the relevance of e-aesthetics in the sustainability of Nigerian Libraries in this digital era. The study adopted an interpretivist research paradigm hinged on the a systematic literature review strategy of journal articles, books, and other online materials in addition to focusing on empirical studies between year 2000 and 2021 from Google Scholar. A content analysis was deployed and information resources obtained were grouped into the major themes to address the objective of the study. The findings of this study revealed that as aesthetic conditions and facilities were of high relevance and significance in the traditional library operation towards ensuring increase usage and sustainability, so the relevance of e-aesthetics in the sustainability of Nigerian Libraries in the digital era cannot be underestimated if Nigeria libraries must keep abreast to the global effect of digital transformational effect on the library and information service system. It recommends that e-aesthetic issues should be taken into considerations in the development of digital library webpages to create a user-friendly environment and also ease of usage is of high premium in ensuring increase usage and sustainability of Nigerian library.
Keywords: Aesthetic, E-Aesthetic, Digital Library, Traditional Libraries, Nigeria Libraries
Study on efficacy of commercially available mouth wash
Authors: RAJ A LEYON SELVIN , BERA JIGNASA H , BHAINE KUSHANI GIRISHBHAI , N PATEL DHARA 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Mouthwash is an aqueous solution with antibacterial, deodorant, and refreshing properties. Four different kinds of commercial mouthwashes were compared in this study to test their efficacy using the disc diffusion method; a total of forty-three oral swabs were collected. Compared to the inhibition zones of four mouthwash brands, the chlorhexidine gluconate-containing mouthwash had a better antibacterial effect.
Keywords: Mouth wash, disc diffusion method, antimicrobial, antiseptic
How do we sleep while our beds are burning? Impacts of the 2019–20 mega-fires on a rainforest dependent species – the Golden-tipped Bat Phoniscus papuensis
Authors: Madani G. , Turbill C. , Lloyd A. , Gonsalves L. , Brassil T. , Law B. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The Australian summer of 2019/20 was impacted by megafires of a magnitude and severity never previously recorded. Whilst low severity fire has positive benefits for increased insectivorous bat activity and diversity, little information is available on the impact on rainforest specialised clutter dependant species such as the Golden-tipped Bat Phoniscus papuensis. Our aims were to assess the effects of fire on occupancy of habitat across the geographic range of P. papuensis in NSW, to determine the smaller scale effects of fire on use of diurnal roosts in rainforest through radio tracking and to trial the use of artificial structures to temporarily increase roost availability in burnt habitat. We observed that widespread fire encroaching on rainforest has a negative association with occupancy by P. papuensis, with this metric ~78% lower than in unburnt forest. In burnt areas, P. papuensis preferentially used unburnt refugia for their roosting sites in suspended bird nests and the loss of these habitat structures likely contributes to the disappearance of P. papuensis from the landscape. Artificial roosts were not used in the short-term (&lt; 2 years post fire) and do not appear to be a feasible management tool. With the increasing frequency and extent of wildfires the most important factor for P. papuensis to persist in the landscape into the future is the protection of its habitat through ensuring sensitive management of large tracts of connected rainforest to help buffer against the encroachment of future mega-fires.
State‐space model combining local camera data and regional administration data reveals population dynamics of wild boar
Authors: Kasada Minoru , Nakashima Yoshihiro , Fukasawa Keita , Yajima Gota , Yokomizo Hiroyuki , Miyashita Tadashi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecent increases in wildlife cause negative impacts on humans through both economic and ecological damage, as well as the spread of pathogens. Understanding the population dynamics of wildlife is crucial to develop effective management strategies. However, it is difficult to estimate accurate and precise population size over large spatial and temporal scales because of the limited data availability. We addressed these issues by first fitting a random encounter and staying time (REST) model based on camera trap data to construct an informative prior distribution for a capture rate parameter in a harvest‐based Bayesian state‐space model. We constructed a Bayesian state‐space model that integrated administration data on the number of captured wild boar with the prior distribution of capture efficiency estimated by camera trap data. The model with informative prior distribution from the REST model successfully estimated population dynamics, whereas the model using only the administration data did not, owing to a lack of parameter convergence. We identified areas where (1) wild boars exhibit a high potential population growth rate and a high carrying capacity, (2) current trapping efforts are effectively suppressing local populations, and (3) trapping reinforcement is required to control populations in the whole region. The model could be used to predict future trends in populations under the assumptions of ongoing trapping pressure. This will help identify spatially explicit trapping efforts to achieve target population levels.
Shaping a Soft Future: Patterning Liquid Metals
Authors: Ma Jinwoo , Krisnadi Febby , Vong Man Hou , Kong Minsik , Awartani Omar M. , Dickey Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis review highlights the unique techniques for patterning liquid metals containing gallium (e.g., eutectic gallium indium, EGaIn). These techniques are enabled by two unique attributes of these liquids relative to solid metals: 1) The fluidity of the metal allows it to be injected, sprayed, and generally dispensed. 2) The solid native oxide shell allows the metal to adhere to surfaces and be shaped in ways that would normally be prohibited due to surface tension. The ability to shape liquid metals into non‐spherical structures such as wires, antennas, and electrodes can enable fluidic metallic conductors for stretchable electronics, soft robotics, e‐skins, and wearables. The key properties of these metals with a focus on methods to pattern liquid metals into soft or stretchable devices are summari.
Luminescence nanomaterials for biosensing applications
Authors: Kumar Vaneet , Bhatt Diksha , Saruchi  , Pandey Sadanand 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to their capacity to immobilize more bioreceptor parts at reduced volumes, nanomaterials have emerged as potential tools for increasing the sensitivity to specific molecules. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, semiconductor quantum dots, nanodiamonds, and graphene are among the nanomaterials that are under investigation. Due to the fast development of this field of research, this review summarizes the classification of biosensors using the main receptors and design of biosensors. Numerous studies have concentrated on the manipulation of persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) in biosensing, cell tracking, bioimaging, and cancer therapy due to the effective removal of autofluorescence interference from tissues and the ultra‐long near‐infrared afterglow emission. As luminescence has a unique optical property, it can be detected without constant external illumination, preventing autofluorescence and light dispersion through tissues. These successes have sparked an increasing interest in creating novel PLNP types with the desired superior properties and multiple applications. In this review, we emphasize the most recent developments in biosensing, imaging, and image‐guided therapy whilst summarizing the research on synthesis methods, bioapplications, biomembrane modification, and the biosafety of PLNPs. Finally, the remaining issues and difficulties are examined together with prospective future developments in the biomedical application field.
Organophotocatalytic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids
Authors: Tambe Shrikant D. , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA sustainable photochemical protocol for the oxidation of alcohols to ketones and carboxylic acids has been developed by using 2,4,6‐triphenylpyrylium tetrafluoroborate (TPPT) as organophotocatalyst and molecular oxygen as oxidant under visible light irradiation. The key reactive oxygen species, superoxide (O2•−) for the first oxidation step from alcohol to aldehyde and singlet oxygen (1O2) for the second oxidation step from aldehyde to carboxylic acid, were generated successfully by electron transfer and energy transfer pathways, respectively. A range of primary and secondary alcohols were converted to the corresponding carboxylic acids or ketones, and the optimized reaction conditions were applied to the synthesis of benzocoumarin.
Aberrant intrinsic neural network strength in individuals with “smartphone addiction”: An MRI data fusion study
Authors: Schmitgen Mike M. , Wolf Nadine D. , Sambataro Fabio , Hirjak Dusan , Kubera Katharina M. , Koenig Julian , Wolf Robert Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesExcessive smartphone use, also referred to as “smartphone addiction” (SPA), has increasingly attracted neuroscientific interest due to its similarities with other behavioral addictions, particularly internet gaming disorder. Little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying smartphone addiction. We explored interrelationships between brain structure and function to specify neurobiological correlates of SPA on a neural system level.MethodsGray matter volume (GMV) and intrinsic neural activity (INA) were investigated in individuals with SPA (n = 20) and controls (n = 24), using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging and multivariate data fusion techniques, that is, parallel independent component analysis.ResultsThe joint analysis of both data modalities explored shared information between GMV and INA. In particular, two amplitudes of low frequency fluctuations‐based independent neural systems significantly differed between individuals with SPA and controls. A medial/dorsolateral prefrontal system exhibited lower functional network strength in individuals with SPA versus controls, whereas the opposite pattern was detected in a parietal cortical/cerebellar system. Neural network strength was significantly related to duration of smartphone use and sleep difficulties.Discussion and conclusionsWe show modality‐specific associations of the brain's resting‐state activity with distinct and shared SPA symptom dimensions. In particular, the data suggest contributions of aberrant prefrontal and parietal neural network strength as a possible signature of deficient executive control in SPA.Scientific significanceThis study suggests distinct neural mechanisms underlying specific biological and behavioral dimensions of excessive smartphone use.
Design, Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Novel Steroidal Derivatives with D‐Ring Fused or Substituted N‐Heterocyclic Systems
Authors: Li Xiao‐San , Yang Mao‐Xun , Luo Yu‐Hao , Zhan He‐Hui , Chen Mei‐Fang , Huang Yong‐Mei , Liu Li , Yang Xue‐Mei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA series of novel D‐ring fused or substituted steroidal N‐heterocycles were synthesized, and their chemical structures were characterized by spectroscopic analysis. The anticancer activity of these compounds against four human cancer cell lines (MCF‐7, H1299, HeLa and HepG2) were evaluated and the structure‐activity relationship (SAR) was also investigated. Compound 3c displayed significant inhibitory activity on the four cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 3.88 to 10.05 μM. Overall, these studies indicated that construction of N‐heterocyclic system with D‐ring substituted containing a double bond at C‐16 and C‐17 or D‐ring fused with [17,16‐d]azolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine could be a promising strategy to improve antitumor activity for steroids deserved further investigation.
Expanding the Substrate Scope of Native Amine Dehydrogenases through In Silico Structural Exploration and Targeted Protein Engineering
Authors: Ducrot Laurine , Bennett Megan , André‐Leroux Gwenaëlle , Elisée Eddy , Marynberg Sacha , Fossey‐Jouenne Aurélie , Zaparucha Anne , Grogan Gideon , Vergne‐Vaxelaire Carine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNative Amine Dehydrogenases (nat‐AmDHs) are NAD(P)H‐enzymes performing reductive amination, mainly active towards small aliphatic aldehydes and cyclic ketones, due to active site volumes limited by the presence of several bulky amino acids. Herein, inspired by the diversity of residues at these positions among the family, we report the implementation of mutations F140A and W145A in CfusAmDH and their transposition in nine other members. Moderate to high conversions were obtained with substrates not accepted by the native enzymes, notably n‐alkylaldehydes (44.6 %–99.5 % for hexanal to nonanal) and n‐alkylketones (16.0 %–53.7 % for hexan‐2‐one to nonan‐2‐one) with retention of excellent (S)‐enantioselectivity (>99 % ee). Complementary to the reported (R)‐selective AmDHs, the promising mutant CfusAmDH−W145A was further characterized for its synthetic potential. Crystal structure resolution and molecular dynamics gave insights into the cofactor and substrate specificity and the whole structural dynamics, thus providing keys for mutagenesis work on this enzyme family.
A Reusable Structural System Fit for Geometrical Standardisation and Serial Production
Authors: Odenbreit Christoph , Yang Jie , Romero Alfredo , Kozma Andras 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA series of demountable connections for reusable composite flooring systems and a standardized adjustable steel connection have been developed and tested, to facilitate circular economy as well as the serial production of structural elements and the suitability to be added into BIM or other digital tools. Demountable beam and floor elements and adjustable steel connections form the basis of a Lego‐liked ‘plug and play’ circular framed structural system. This paper presents the proposed circular system, the results from experiments and finite element analyses and indicates the analysing methods for structural engineers to open a path way for fully implementation of the structures ‘as built’ into digital tools, fabrication and construction.
Nonlinear Dynamic Structural Analysis of Buildings Considering the Wind Nondeterministic Actions
Authors: Mota Silva Jean Carlos , Santos da Silva José Guilherme 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, the technological advances in civil construction have driven projects and construction of tall buildings in several countries. However, increasing the slenderness of the structural design has been crucial for reducing the natural frequencies values, generating, in some situations, excessive vibrations and human discomfort. This way, an aspect generally disregarded in day‐to‐day project practice is related to the geometric nonlinearity effect on the buildings structural response. Therefore, this work aims to assess the dynamic structural behaviour of a 48 floors and 172.8 m height steel‐concrete composite building, when subjected to nondeterministic wind actions. The results have indicated relevant differences when the geometric nonlinearity effect was included in the building dynamic analysis.
Assessment of Indirect Charring in Doweled Wood Connections and External Steel Plates Submitted to Fire
Authors: Fonseca Elza M. M. , da Silva Vânia S. B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present work aims to evaluate the wood connections, with dowels and external steel plates, in double shear, subjected to fire. The presence of external steel plates, in a fire situation, leads to a non‐uniform distribution of charring in the internal wooden elements. Based on the results, it is observed that the charring rate in wood does not remain constant and increases with the time of fire exposure of the steel elements. However, based on the influence of other variables, the charring rate decreases with increasing dowel diameter and with increasing wood density.
Numerical Analysis of Laminated Glass Panels with Articulared Bolted Point Fixings
Authors: Inca 1 Eliana , Jordão 2 Sandra , Bedon 3 Chiara , Mesquita 4 Afonso , Rebelo 5 Carlos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper reports on a finite element numerical investigation for pointed fixed laminated glass panels (PFLGP). The study focused on the influence of the fixing elements and interlayer material. Two mechanical point fixing solutions were studied: i) embedded and ii) countersunk bolt fixings. Two types of interlayers were considered: EVASAFE and PVB. The numerical models were developed with FE software Abaqus. Results are validated with ongoing experimental research, considering a selection of single PFLGP subjected to wind loads. The different numerical modelling techniques for each fixing type are described and detailed, allowing further developments on the characterization of these systems.
Demountable Steel‐CLT Composite Floors for Net‐Zero Carbon Buildings: State of the Art and Design Principles
Authors: Pimentel Ricardo , Simões Rui , da Silva Luís Simões 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSteel‐concrete composite floors are one of the most common forms of construction considered for a steel‐framed building. Although structural efficient, the concrete holds strong environmental impacts. Nowadays, engineered timber products offer a competitive alternative solution. Replacing concrete with a timber‐based flooring element brings sound sustainability benefits to the solution. This paper discusses the use of composite steel‐CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) composite floors as an alternative to the traditional steel‐concrete composite floors. A literature review of steel‐CLT composite floor solutions was completed and summarized in this article. The available design guidance is also discussed.
Solution Structure of a Lanthanide‐binding DNA Aptamer Determined Using High Quality pseudocontact shift restraints
Authors: Andrałojć Witold , Wieruszewska Julia , Pasternak Karol , Gdaniec Zofia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this contribution we report the high‐resolution NMR structure of a recently identified lanthanide‐binding aptamer (LnA). We demonstrate that the rigid lanthanide binding by LnA allows for the measurement of anisotropic paramagnetic NMR restraints which to date remain largely inaccessible for nucleic acids. One type of such restraints ‐ pseudocontact shifts (PCS) induced by four different paramagnetic lanthanides ‐ was extensively used throughout the current structure determination study and the measured PCS turned out to be exceptionally well reproduced by the final aptamer structure. This finding opens the perspective for a broader application of paramagnetic effects in NMR studies of nucleic acids through the transplantation of the binding site found in LnA into other DNA/RNA systems.