bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability in greenhouse gas footprints of the global wind farm fleet
Authors: Dammeier Louise Christine , Bosmans Joyce H. C. , Huijbregts Mark A. J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile technological characteristics largely determine the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the construction of a wind farm and meteorological circumstances the actual electricity production, a thorough analysis to quantify the GHG footprint variability (in g CO2eq/kWh electricity produced) between wind farms is still lacking at the global scale. Here, we quantified the GHG footprint of 26,821 wind farms located across the globe, combining turbine‐specific technological parameters, life‐cycle inventory data, and location‐ and temporal‐specific meteorological information. These wind farms represent 79% of the 651 global wind (GW) capacity installed in 2019. Our results indicate a median GHG footprint for global wind electricity of 10 g CO2eq/kWh, ranging from 4 to 56 g CO2eq/kWh (2.5th and 97.5th percentiles). Differences in the GHG footprint of wind farms are mainly explained by spatial variability in wind speed, followed by whether the wind farm is located onshore or offshore, the turbine diameter, and the number of turbines in a wind farm. We also provided a metamodel based on these four predictors for users to be able to easily obtain a first indication of GHG footprints of new wind farms considered. Our results can be used to compare the GHG footprint of wind farms to one another and to other sources of electricity in a location‐specific manner.
Enhancing institutional capacity in a centralized state: The case of industrial water use efficiency in Vietnam
Authors: Trang Tran Thu , Bush Simon R. , van Leeuwen Judith 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article uses an institutional capacity framework to assess the interplay between the macro level institutional environment in the form of the centralized Vietnamese state, and the meso level institutional capacity of three different industrial zones to develop technological water use efficiency strategies. Our results show that the relational, knowledge, and mobilization capacities of these industrial zones are constrained by the centralized nature of the Vietnamese state. These industrial zones also show a limited capacity to instigate reform of macro level regulatory institutions. However, we also find instances where industrial zones do demonstrate capacity for implementing water use efficiency technologies because of their capacity to coordinate relations with client firms, universities, and provincial industrial zone authorities. If the institutional capacities of industrial zones are better supported, we argue there remains room for them to influence the macro institutional context to support innovation in water use efficiency. Our results indicate the value of institutional capacity as a framework for assessing processes of technical innovation for industrial ecology, especially in the context of centralized states.
Black dreams matter: Exploring the polyphonic realms of the Black Radical Imaginary
Authors: Cahill Loren S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveCharles Cobb Jr. and Alex Davis are two Black American men who have never experienced the full capacity of freedom. The routine denial of their full humanity, or social equity, has counterintuitively sparked an impetus inside of them both to commit their lives to seek to dismantle oppressive systems.MethodThrough a series of oral histories with both organizers, I learned that they have been engaged with radical dreaming and imagination as a survivalist movement strategy.ResultsDespite the dehumanizing violence of slavery, the political humiliation of Reconstruction, the brutal segregation and state terrorism of Jim Crow, and the many Civil Rights successes and Neoliberal disappointments that have followed, Cobb and Davis have embodied a steadfast commitment to freedom, unwavering trust in their people, in some contexts, a just daring that defies current dominant reason.ConclusionI argue that by drawing through lines between the meaning‐making experiences of Charles Cobb Jr. ‘s and Alex Davis’ incredible lives we can better understand their critical consciousness and sociopolitical development have influenced their dreams of freedom, cultivated their radical imaginations, and sustained their collectivism.
Using axenic and gnotobiotic insects to examine the role of different microbes on the development and reproduction of the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
Authors: Gilliland Carissa A. , Patel Vilas , McCormick Ashley C. , Mackett Bradley M. , Vogel Kevin J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKissing bugs (Hempitera: Reduviidae) are obligately and exclusively blood feeding insects. Vertebrate blood is thought to provide insufficient B vitamins to insects, which rely on symbiotic relationships with bacteria that provision these nutrients. Kissing bugs harbour environmentally acquired bacteria in their gut lumen, without which they are unable to develop to adulthood. Rhodococcus rhodnii was initially identified as the sole symbiont of Rhodnius prolixus, but modern studies of the kissing bug microbiome suggest that R. rhodnii is not always present or abundant in wild‐caught individuals. We asked whether R. rhodnii or other bacteria alone could function as symbionts of R. prolixus. We produced insects with no bacteria (axenic) or with known microbiomes (gnotobiotic). Gnotobiotic insects harbouring R. rhodnii alone developed faster, had higher survival, and laid more eggs than those harbouring other bacterial monocultures, including other described symbionts of kissing bugs. R. rhodnii grew to high titre in the guts of R. prolixus while other tested species were found at much lower abundance. Rhodococcus species tested had nearly identical B vitamin biosynthesis genes, and dietary supplementation of B vitamins had a relatively minor effect on development and survival of gnotobiotic R. prolixus. Our results indicate that R. prolixus have a higher fitness when harbouring R. rhodnii than other bacteria tested, that this may be due to R. rhodnii existing at higher titres and providing more B vitamins to the host, and that symbiont B vitamin synthesis is probably a necessary but not sufficient function of gut bacteria in kissing bugs.
Commentary on “Can a good philosophical contribution be made just by asking a question?”
Authors: Habgood‐Coote Joshua , Watson Lani , Whitcomb Dennis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper explains some of the reasoning behind “Can a Good Philosophical Contribution Be Made Just by Asking a Question?,” a paper which consists solely in its title and which is published in the same issue of the journal as the present paper. The method for explaining that reasoning consists in making available a lightly edited version of a letter the authors sent to the editors when submitting the title‐only paper. The editors permitted publication of that paper on the condition that the authors also separately publish a version of that letter; the present paper aims to fulfil that condition.
Three‐stage non‐Gaussian homogeneous random field representation over manifolds
Authors: Liang Yan‐Ping , Feng De‐Cheng , Ren Xiaodan , Li Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRandom fields are widely used to characterize the inherent spatial uncertainty in engineering applications. However, for widely existing manifolds, few studies focus on the simulation of Gaussian/non‐Gaussian fields over manifolds due to the geometry complexity. Recently, we proposed a two‐stage method to simulate Gaussian fields over manifolds. In this study, we extend it to a three‐stage method for non‐Gaussian fields. In the first stage, the original manifold is dimensional reduced to a Euclidean domain by the isometric feature mapping. By this step, the geodesic distance is preserved to guarantee the correlation structure unchanged. In the second stage, conventional representations can be used to simulate the underlying Gaussian field over the Euclidean domain. In the third stage, an enhanced translation procedure is proposed to translate the underlying Gaussian field to the target non‐Gaussian field over the manifold. To explain the applicability and accuracy of the three‐stage method, two kinds of non‐Gaussian fields over three different manifolds are simulated. Then, a global error is proposed to evaluate the performance of the method, and the error analysis demonstrates the method is accurate enough. Finally, two engineering structures, that is, a compressed half‐cylinder and a Canopy shell with complex geometry, are investigated to illustrate the potential applications of the method.
North Korean Nuclear Crisis from Contending Theoretical Perspectives
Authors: Kwon Edward 
Published: December 2022

This article investigates the North Korean nuclear crisis from various contending international relations theoretical perspectives analyzing North Korea's weapons of mass destruction (WMD), the possibility of regime survival, and various policies for coping with North Korea's nuclear threat. North Korea's nuclear weapons and intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) programs should guarantee Pyongyang's security enough, but Kim Jong‐un's intention in developing various strategic weapons, such as multiwarhead tactical nuclear missiles, nuclear‐warhead‐tipped ICBMs and submarine‐launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), nuclear‐powered submarines, and continuing enrichment of high enriched uranium and plutonium pose dire security threats to the USA and its alliances. As for countermeasures against North Korea's WMD, the US‐ROK should upgrade their missile defense system based on the 4D principle. The alliance should conduct regular military drills anticipating various possible North Korean preemptive tactical nuclear weapon and missile attacks. Also, the USA and South Korea should make continuing efforts to persuade Kim Jong‐un to give up his nuclear weapons and ICBM programs.
Mid‐childhood fat mass and airflow limitation at 15 years: The mediating role of insulin resistance and C‐reactive protein
Authors: Peralta Gabriela P. , Granell Raquel , Bédard Annabelle , Carsin Anne‐Elie , Fuertes Elaine , Howe Laura D. , Márquez Sandra , Jarvis Deborah L. , Garcia‐Aymerich Judith 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported an association of high fat mass levels from age 9 to 15 years with lower forced expiratory flow in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio (i.e., increased risk of airflow limitation) at 15 years. Here, we aimed to assess whether insulin resistance and C‐reactive protein (CRP) at 15 years partially mediate this association.MethodsWe included 2263 children from the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children population‐based cohort (ALSPAC). Four fat mass index (FMI) trajectories (“low,” “medium‐low,” “medium‐high,” “high”) from 9 to 15 years were previously identified using Group‐Based Trajectory Modeling. Data on CRP, glucose, insulin, and post‐bronchodilator FEV1/FVC were available at 15 years. We defined insulin resistance by the homeostasis model assessment‐estimated insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR). We used adjusted linear regression models and a causal mediation analysis to assess the mediating role of HOMA‐IR and CRP.ResultsCompared to children in the “low” FMI trajectory, children in the “medium‐high” and “high” FMI trajectories had lower FEV1/FVC at 15 years. The percentage of the total effect explained by HOMA‐IR was 19.8% [−114.1 to 170.0] and 20.4% [1.6 to 69.0] for the “medium‐high” and “high” trajectories, respectively. In contrast, there was little evidence for a mediating role of CRP.ConclusionThe association between mid‐childhood fat mass and FEV1/FVC ratio at 15 years may be partially mediated by insulin resistance.
Pediatric impacts of multiorgan transplant allocation policy in the United States
Authors: Engen Rachel M. , Kirmani Sonya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiorgan transplantation is increasingly common, driving recent increased attention to multiorgan allocation policies.MethodsIn this review, we summarize current multiorgan transplant allocation policies in the United States, with attention to recent and proposed changes and their impact on pediatric candidates.ResultsExisting multiorgan transplant policies attempt to balance equity and utility. Currently, there are clear allocation policies for some, but not all, multiorgan transplant combinations, and there are no mandatory outcomes reporting. Multiorgan candidates are prioritized above all kidney‐alone transplant candidates, which negatively affect pediatric kidney transplant wait times. Pediatric candidates are typically exempt from multiorgan listing criteria.ConclusionMultiorgan transplant allocation presents unique challenges for policy development. As the United States Network for Organ Sharing begins exploring continuous distribution allocation, multiorgan allocation will require special consideration and the development of clear and equitable policies.
Liberté, Égalité, Crédibilité: An experimental study of citizens' perceptions of government responses to COVID‐19 in eight countries
Authors: Amirkhanyan Anna A. , Meier Kenneth J. , Song Miyeon , Roberts Fei W. , Park Joohyung , Vogel Dominik , Bellé Nicola , Molina Angel Luis , Guul Thorbjørn Sejr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring a global pandemic, individual views of government can be linked to citizens' trust and cooperation with government and their propensity to resist state policies or to take action that influences the course of a pandemic. This article explores citizens' assessments of government responses to COVID‐19 as a function of policy substance (restrictions on civil liberties), information about performance, and socioeconomic inequity in outcomes. We conducted a survey experiment and analyzed data on over 7000 respondents from eight democratic countries. We find that across countries, citizens are less favorable toward COVID‐19 policies that are more restrictive of civil liberties. Additionally, citizens' views of government performance are significantly influenced by objective performance information from reputable sources and information on the disproportionate impacts of COVID‐19 on low‐income groups. This study reinforces the importance of policy design and outcomes and the consideration of multiple public values in the implementation of public policies.
In search of the collaborative advantage of public‐private partnerships: A comparative analysis of Dutch transport infrastructure projects
Authors: Verweij Stefan , Satheesh Shreya Anna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe theory of collaborative advantage is a major theory rationalizing the role of Public‐Private Partnerships (PPPs). However, the evidence for the theory in the case of PPPs is weak: the literature lacks studies that compared the actual performance and collaboration of PPPs to that of traditionally procured public projects. The aim of this article is to test the theory of a collaborative advantage of PPPs, focusing on three common performance indicators: time, cost, and perceived project performance. Data were collected on Dutch transport infrastructure projects. PPPs were compared to traditionally procured projects with non‐parametric tests and robust regression using weighted least squares estimator. It was found that PPPs have better cost performance but that this performance advantage cannot be attributed to collaboration. Therefore, it is concluded that no evidence was found for the theory of a collaborative advantage of PPPs.
Strategies to enhance tilapia immunity to improve their health in aquaculture
Authors: Wang Bei , Thompson Kim D. , Wangkahart Eakapol , Yamkasem Jidapa , Bondad‐Reantaso Melba G. , Tattiyapong Puntanat , Jian Jichan , Surachetpong Win 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVarious emerging and re‐emerging diseases, such as streptococcosis, tilapia lake virus disease and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease, have had a significant economic impact on the tilapia industry over the last decade. These diseases have resulted in high levels of morbidity and mortality, production losses and trade restrictions. In the absence of effective husbandry management, disease prevention strategies and appropriate biosecurity measures, infectious diseases will continue to challenge the sustainability of global tilapia aquaculture. Strategies used to reduce the impact of disease include feeding probiotic and prebiotic supplements to enhance tilapia health and to modulate the fish's gut microbiota to improve gut health. Herbal medicines and immunostimulants are also used to enhance immunity to disease, while vaccines are available, or are under development, for a number of economically important pathogens affecting tilapia culture. This review provides an overview of the benefits of enhancing the immune response of tilapia to improve their health, and in turn reduce the levels of pathogens within tilapia farming systems.
The difficult road to a better competition policy: How do competition authorities reforms affect antitrust effectiveness?
Authors: Borrell Joan‐Ramon , García Carmen , Jiménez Juan Luis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper estimates the impact of reforming competition authorities on perceived antitrust effectiveness using methods of causal inference. We study how 20 countries reformed their competition authorities in depth between 1995 and 2020, and what has been the outcome of such reforms in the perceived competition policy effectiveness by the business community compared with 18 control countries in a balanced panel. As the political economy literature warned, we find that reforms paradoxically have not always improved antitrust effectiveness. Some of the reforms approved stalled or backlashed as politicians opted for a Machiavelli option: undertaking “counter‐reforms” even in the name of an apparent but deceptive progressiveness and pro‐competition drive.
Stigma as a multispatial‐scale process: Revisiting the worst US Superfund sites
Authors: Greenberg Michael R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAreas immediately adjacent to 16 of the first US national priority (NPL) hazardous waste sites that also had pre‐superfund emergency actions were examined to measure local stigma. Four decades after their NPL designation, I found marked variation in these areas’ social, public health and environmental attributes. About one‐third of these small areas fit the stereotype of stressed areas with environmental injustice challenges. Yet, another one‐third of these sites have better measurable outcomes than a combination of their host states and counties. For example, they have elevated levels of broadband access and their local jurisdictions are classified as safe and attractive to families. I conclude that long‐term stigma around a Superfund site was limited by US EPA actions, as well as by progressive state and local governments, and community groups, in other words, contributions from parties at multiple geographical scales.
Self‐contained two‐layer shallow‐water theory of strong internal bores
Authors: Priede Janis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe show that interfacial gravity waves comprising strong hydraulic jumps (bores) can be described by a two‐layer hydrostatic shallow‐water (SW) approximation without invoking additional front conditions. The theory is based on a new SW momentum equation which is derived in locally conservative form containing a free parameter α. This parameter, which defines the relative contribution of each layer to the pressure at the interface, affects only hydraulic jumps but not continuous waves. The Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions for the momentum and mass conservation equations are found to be mathematically equivalent to the classical front conditions, which were previously thought to be outside the scope of SW approximation. Dimensional arguments suggest that α depends on the density ratio. For nearly equal densities, both layers are expected to affect interfacial pressure with approximately equal weight coefficients, which corresponds to . The front propagation velocity for agrees well with experimental and numerical results in a wide range of bore strengths. A remarkably better agreement with high‐accuracy numerical results is achieved by , which yields the largest height that a stable gravity current can have.
Not every truth could have a truthmaker
Authors: Stigall John 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMark Jago argues for truthmaker maximalism in some recent papers based on a key premise: that every truthcouldhave a truthmaker. Jago contends that many would pretheoretically accept this principle and that counterexamples to it would be difficult to find. In this note, I show how truthmaker non‐maximalists can use a modified version of Peter Milne's argument against maximalism to provide a counterexample to this key premise.
Barriers and facilitators influencing EBP readiness: Building organizational and nurse capacity
Authors: Crawford Cecelia L. , Rondinelli June , Zuniga Stephen , Valdez Regina M. , Tze‐Polo Lisa , Titler Marita G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundOrganizational supported evidence‐based practice (EBP) enables nurses to be change agents and impact patient outcomes. Globally, a multitude of barriers limits EBP implementation, evaluation, and dissemination, which include time constraints, staff, resource access, education, technology, and fiscal support. These barriers and other disenfranchising elements hinder nurses' ability to actualize EBP and change practice within their workplace.AimsThis study describes the EBP readiness, barriers, and facilitators reported by inpatient registered nurses (RNs) employed in a nationwide healthcare system before COVID‐19.MethodsThe study employed a cross‐sectional descriptive survey design using the 2005 Nursing EBP Survey for RN EBP readiness. The setting included 14 hospitals in Southern California. The survey was deployed in November 2016 and closed after 23 weeks. Descriptive statistics analyzed demographics and EBP scores, with inferential statistics for associations between demographics and EBP scores. ANOVA examined differences between EBP scores, service lines, years of employment, and education level. A content approach synthesized open‐ended barrier and facilitator questions into seven specific themes.ResultsSeven hundred and twenty‐four nurses completed the survey. Overall, the scores of inpatient RNs were highest scores for Practice Climate, suggesting the health system fosters a climate conducive to EBP. Scores were lowest for Data Collection and Implementation. Qualitative themes were: (1) Everyone Involved in EBP Implementation, (2) Fear and Resistance to Change, (3) Protected Release Time, (4) Knowing EBP Culture Outside of Current Organization, (5) Organizational Communication and Education, (6) Management and Leadership Support, and (7) Pragmatic Solutions to Facilitate EBP. Fear and Resistance to Change cut across all themes.Linking Evidence to ActionNurses at all organizational levels from the C‐suite to the bedside can create strategies to determine essential EBP readiness components, including EBP mentors to guide knowledge uptake activities. Pragmatic solutions for EBP capacity require frontline nurse feedback, commitment, and partnership with nursing leaders.