bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Party Colour Matter? The Effect of Government Partisanship on Pledges’ Left–Right Location
Authors: Belchior Ana Maria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite extensive research on the ‘politics matter’ hypothesis, the findings achieved so far remain ambiguous. Inspired by that hypothesis, this research focuses on electoral promises, a chief but as yet untested indicator. It examines whether government party colour explains the adoption of an ideologically committed policy agenda in electoral manifestos. To answer this goal the research looks at the left–right placement of manifesto pledges of the Portuguese governing parties between 1995 and 2019. The results indicate that partisanship significantly explains the executive’s party agenda-setting and that this relationship prevails over time. Findings also suggest that the partisan effect is mediated by issue salience.
Spatial structure and dynamical state of the old open cluster Collinder 261 based on a clustering method
Authors: Gao Xinhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the memberships, spatial structure, and dynamical state of the old open cluster Collinder 261 (8 Gyr) based on Gaia-DR3 data. We develop a robust clustering method to calculate membership probabilities for 24858 sample stars within 20′ of the cluster center. We can identify 2619 likely cluster members (including 54 blue stragglers) down to G ∼ 20 mag. We use a Monte Carlo simulation method to estimate a distance of 2909 ± 90 pc for the cluster based on 281 high-probability members (P &gt; 0.9). We find that the detectable cluster radius (Rcl) is at least 14′ (∼11.8 pc), which is much larger than previously thought. Based on the obtained cluster members, the core and tidal radii of the cluster are determined to be $R_{\rm c}={3{^{\prime }_{.}}4}\pm {0.1}$ (∼2.9 ± 0.1 pc) and $R_{\rm t}={19{^{\prime }_{.}}8}\pm {1{^{\prime }_{.}}9}$ (∼16.8 ± 1.6 pc), respectively. A concentration parameter of log (Rt/Rc) ∼0.76 is determined, indicating that Collinder 261 has formed a clear core–halo structure, but its spatial structure is much looser than the old open clusters M 67 (4 Gyr) and NGC 188 (7 Gyr). We also find that the membership probabilities are suitable for analyzing the mass segregation effect in the cluster. The orbit parameters show that Collinder 261 is moving along a near-circular orbit (e ∼ 0.025) well inside the solar circle (Rp ∼ 6.928 kpc, Ra ∼ 7.285 kpc), and it can reach a maximum height of Zmax ∼ 533 pc from the Galactic plane.
Tomato ABA-IMPORTING TRANSPORTER 1.1 inhibits seed germination under high salinity conditions
Authors: Shohat Hagai , Cheriker Hadar , Cohen Amir , Weiss David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in the regulation of seed maturation and dormancy. ABA also restrains germination under abiotic-stress conditions. Here, we show in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) that the ABA importer ABA-IMPORTING TRANSPORTER 1.1 (AIT1.1/NPF4.6) has a role in radicle emergence under salinity conditions. AIT1.1 expression was upregulated following seed imbibition, and CRISPR/Cas9-derived ait1.1 mutants exhibited faster radicle emergence, increased germination and partial resistance to ABA. AIT1.1 was highly expressed in the endosperm, but not in the embryo, and ait1.1 isolated embryos did not show resistance to ABA. On the other hand, loss of AIT1.1 activity promoted the expression of endosperm-weakening-related genes, and seed-coat scarification eliminated the promoting effect of ait1.1 on radicle emergence. Therefore, we propose that imbibition-induced AIT1.1 expression in the micropylar endosperm mediates ABA-uptake into micropylar cells to restrain endosperm weakening. While salinity conditions strongly inhibited wild-type M82 seed germination, high salinity had a much weaker effect on ait1.1 germination. We suggest that AIT1.1 evolved to inhibit germination under unfavorable conditions, such as salinity. Unlike other ABA mutants, ait1.1 exhibited normal seed longevity, and therefore, the ait1.1 allele may be exploited to improve seed germination in crops.
Evaluation of the effects of pine-sourced biochar on cattle performance and methane and carbon dioxide production from growing and finishing steers
Authors: Sperber J L , Troyer B C , Erickson G E , Watson A K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A feedlot growing (77-d) and finishing (111-d) experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding biochar on steer performance, methane and carbon dioxide emissions, and carcass characteristics. Two treatments were evaluated, a control diet without biochar and the same diet with biochar included at 0.8% of dietary DM (growing) or 1.0% of dietary DM (finishing). The growing diet consisted of 40% corn silage, 40% wheat straw, 15% modified distillers grains plus solubles, and 5% supplement, with 0.8% biochar replacing fine ground corn in supplement. The finishing diet consisted of 55% high-moisture corn (HMC), 35% Sweet Bran, 5% wheat straw, and 5% supplement, with biochar replacing 1.0% HMC and added as an ingredient. Biochar was sourced from ponderosa pine wood waste (High Plains Biochar, Laramie, WY) and was 83% C with 426 m2/g surface area for both experiments. Crossbred steers were utilized in the growing (n = 160; initial BW = 363 kg; SD = 16 kg) and finishing (n = 128; initial; BW = 480 kg; SD = 17 kg) experiments, blocked by BW, and assigned randomly to 16 pens. Pens were assigned randomly to one of two treatments (biochar vs. control) with eight replications per treatment. Four pen replications per treatment were paired within BW block and rotated randomly through an emissions barn with two chambers (each treatment was evaluated simultaneously and for two rotations) to capture average weekly emissions of CH4 and CO2. Pen was the experimental unit and chamber was included as a fixed effect for emissions data. There were no statistical differences (P ≥ 0.23) in performance outcomes between treatments for the growing experiment. Dry matter intake (DMI; P &lt; 0.01) and average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.02) were 2.2% and 5.9% lower for biochar-fed steers in the finishing experiment, respectively, resulting in a lighter hot carcass weight (P = 0.10) and lower calculated USDA yield grade (P = 0.02). Emissions of CH4 and CO2 were not affected by biochar inclusion in the growing (P ≥ 0.22) or finishing experiment (P ≥ 0.60). Results from these experiments show no indication that feeding biochar, supplemented at 0.8% (growing), and 1.0% (finishing) of the diet DM, reduces methane emissions in growing or finishing cattle.
Successful Obstetric Anesthesia Care in Canada: Moving Beyond Survival
Authors: Edwards W. , George R. 
Published: November 2022

(Can J Anaesth. 2022;69:18–23)
Childbirths are now the most common reason for hospitalization in Canada. Subsequently, cesarean delivery is becoming increasingly more common, representing 30% of all child deliveries. In addition, epidural analgesia now accounts for 60% of operative deliveries. Historically, most studies regarding anesthetic experience of infants and maternal individuals focus on mortality. Fortunately, recent analysis has shown the number of patients dying from anesthesia care has severely decreased, likely due to improvement with specialty training, airway management, airway monitoring, regional anesthesia use, and the standardization of safe practices through analysis and research. In order to improve neonatal and maternal care, the extent, frequency, and risk factors for anesthesia-related incidences must be assessed.
Clinical Value of Early Assessment of Hyperfibrinolysis by Rotational Thromboelastometry During Postpartum Hemorrhage for the Prediction of Severity of Bleeding: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study in the Netherlands
Authors: Tahitu M. , Ramler P.I. , Gillissen A. , Caram-Deelder C. , Henriquez D.D.C.A. , de Maat M.P.M. , Duvekot J.J. , Eikenboom J. , Bloemenkamp K.W.M. , van den Akker T. , van der Bom J.G. 
Published: November 2022

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2022;101:145–152. doi: 10.1111/aogs.14279)
Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) provides point-of-care technology for detecting hyperfibrinolysis, a condition that can precede coagulopathy and lead to excessive bleeding with childbirth. Early awareness of the contribution of hyperfibrinolysis to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) allows for targeted anti-fibrinolytic treatment that can reduce the risk of severe bleeding. This study investigates the efficacy of ROTEM for predicting the development of excessive blood loss by timely detection of hyperfibrinolysis at the earliest stages of PPH.
Failure of Placental Detachment in Accreta Placentation is Associated With Excessive Fibrinoid Deposition at the Utero-placental Interface
Authors: Jauniaux E. , Hussein A.M. , Elbarmelgy R.M. , Elbarmelgy R.A. , Burton G.J. 
Published: November 2022

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;226:243.e1–10)
Since placenta accreta was first described in 1937, the condition has been diagnosed by the direct attachment of villous tissue to the superficial myometrium or adjacent fibers without interposing decidua. There has been a lack of histopathologic studies investigating placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the microscopic changes used to determine the grade of PAS and identify possible explanations of the abnormal placental tissue attachment in patients with scars from previous cesarean delivery.
Application of Nonhuman Primate Models in the Studies of Pediatric Anesthesia Neurotoxicity
Authors: Wang C. , Liu S. , Liu F. , Bhutta A. , Patterson T.A. , Slikker W. 
Published: November 2022

(Anesth Analg. 2022;134:1203–1214. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000005926)
Experimental studies involving nonhuman subjects have historically shown that anesthesia exposure during early childhood can have adverse long-term outcomes and result in neurotoxicity, while studies involving human children under the age of 3 show no significant association. Due to confounding factors in children, anesthesia neurotoxicity remains controversial. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) provide a predictive lens due to similarities with humans in cognition, development, neuroanatomy, and reproduction. This paper reviews using NHPs to study the impact general anesthesia (GA) has on neurological development and analyzes the setting of GA exposure, measurements of developmental neurotoxicity, and animal monitoring during GA exposure.
Extracellular Vesicles From Women With Severe Preeclampsia Impair Vascular Endothelial Function
Authors: Murugesan S. , Hussey H. , Saravanakumar L. , Sinkey R. , Sturdivant A. , Powell M. , Berkowitz D. 
Published: November 2022

(Anesth Analg. 2022;134:713–723)
Preeclampsia causes worldwide maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Previous studies confirm the placenta is heavily related to preeclampsia and vascular dysfunction likely caused by pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors due to changes in uteroplacental blood flow and oxygenation from abnormal trophoblastic invasion of the uterine spiral arterioles. A previous study involving a mouse model supports the idea of extracellular vesicles (EVs), particles which interact with microRNA and impact endocrine or paracrine organs, from the placenta being a main culprit for triggering preeclampsia. All pregnancies show levels of placenta-derived EVs (pEVs), but those with preeclampsia show an increased level, impacting the growth and weight gain of the child, levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to endothelial cells leading to irregular embryo development, implantation, trophoblast invasion, placental vascular development, function, and increased level of endothelial dysfunction. This study primarily measures the effect of EVs from both severe preeclampsia and normotensive patients on human aortic endothelial cells to test the hypothesis that preeclamptic EV cargo impairs endothelial function and regulation of NO signaling.
COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy: Coverage and Safety
Authors: Blakeway H. , Prasad S. , Kalafat E. , Heath P.T. , Ladhani S.N. , Le Doare K. , Magee L.A. , O’Brien P. , Rezvan A. , von Dadelszen P. , Khalil A. 
Published: November 2022

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;226:236.e1–14)
While the pregnant population was not included in initial randomized controlled safety and efficacy trials of the COVID-19 vaccines, some limited data on the vaccine during pregnancy came from the CDC V-safe health checker, some inadvertent pregnancies in vaccine trials, and a formal pregnancy registry. While the COVID-19 vaccines do not contain a live virus and are theoretically considered safe in pregnancy, not all health care professionals have recommended routine vaccination since the start of vaccine rollout. This study examines the safety of COVID-19 in pregnant women, the rate of uptake, and outcomes of vaccinated pregnant individuals compared with the unvaccinated pregnant population.
Association Between Peripartum Hysterectomy and Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Mauney L. , Barth W. , Clapp M. 
Published: November 2022

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022;226:119.e1)
While venous thromboembolism (VTE) during pregnancy is uncommon, it accounted for 9.2% of all maternal deaths. Previous studies determined augmenting factors such as maternal age, obesity, thrombophilia, tobacco use, obstetrical risk factors, length of surgery, and childbirth.
Postpartum Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Following Obstetric Neuraxial Blockade: A Literature Review With Analysis of 58 Case Reports
Authors: Chambers D.J. , Bhatia K. , Columb M. 
Published: November 2022

(Int J Obstet Anes. 2022;49:103218)
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a rare pregnancy complication that can cause maternal stroke and death. The risk of CVST is increased in the first 6 weeks postpartum, and primarily presents as a headache with no specific characteristics. CVST may be overlooked in patients who have received neuraxial anesthesia because postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is also characterized by a headache following delivery. These 2 conditions require different management approaches, so it is important that clinicians can differentiate between the 2. Anesthetists are often involved in viewing these cases. This literature review describes the characteristics and outcomes of CVST and how to discern between the 2 complications.
Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus for Labor Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Bolus Delivery Speeds of 125 mL/hr Versus 250 mL/hr
Authors: Mazda Y. , Arzola C. , Downey K. , Xiang Y. , Carvalho J. 
Published: November 2022

(Can J Anaesth. 2022;69:86–96)
Previous studies have shown that programmed intermittent epidural bolus, the automatic delivery of boluses at certain times during epidural analgesia, decreases pain, motor block, and local anesthetic consumption while increasing patient satisfaction. However, unnecessarily high sensory levels have been noted in prior studies. Variables such as patient demographics and characteristics, patient positioning, medication volume, local anesthetic concentration, and injection level have all been researched in relation to epidural spread. The impact of delivery rates on sensory block has not been extensively researched. The aim of this study was to compare injection speeds of 250 mL/h and 125 mL/h administered at 40-minute intervals during the first stage of labor. The authors hypothesized lower delivery speeds would reduce sensory block levels.
Anesthesiologists’ Perspectives on Why Dural Punctures Occur: A Multicenter International Survey
Authors: Orbach-Zinger S. , Heesen M. , Ioscovich A. , Shatalin D. , Aptekman B. , Weiniger C.F. , Eidelman L.A. , Frenkel A. , Beilin Y. , Katz D.J. , Schlosberg . , Binyamin Y. 
Published: November 2022

(Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2022;47:249–250. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2021-103285)
Accidental dural puncture (ADP) is a persistent concern among anesthesiologists as a serious obstetric anesthesia complication yet there remains a need to investigate modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to survey anesthesiologists who performed an ADP and describe their perspectives on the patient, proceduralist, task, and organization-related risk factors that may contribute to ADP.
Exosomal transfer of microRNA-590-3p between renal tubular epithelial cells after renal ischemia-reperfusion injury regulates autophagy by targeting TRAF6
Authors: Chen Yimeng , Zhang Congya , Du Yingjie , Yang Xiying , Liu Min , Yang Wenjing , Lei Guiyu , Wang Guyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients, especially elderly patients, who undergo cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Studies have indicated a protective role of autophagy in AKI. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulatory effect of autophagy in AKI among patients undergoing cardiac surgeries are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate autophagy in tubular epithelial cells after AKI.

Methods:
Plasma exosomal RNA was extracted from young and elderly AKI patients undergoing cardiac surgery, and the miRNAs expression during the perioperative period were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. The screened miRNAs and their target genes were subjected to gene oncology function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome enrichment analyses. Renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells) was cultured and H/R model was established, which is an in vitro renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model. We used Western blot analysis, cell viability assay, transfection, luciferase assay to investigate the mechanisms underlying the observed increases in the levels of renal I/R injury-mediated exosomal miRNAs and their roles in regulating HK-2 cells autophagy.

Results:
miR-590-3p was highly enriched in the plasma exosomes of young AKI patients after cardiac surgery. Increased levels of miR-590-3p led to the increases in the expression of autophagy marker proteins, including Belin-1 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3II), and prolonged the autophagic response in HK-2 cells after H/R treatment. These effects were achieved mainly via increases in the exosomal miR-590-3p levels, and the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 protein was shown to play a key role in I/R injury-mediated autophagy induction.

Conclusion:
Exosomes released from HK-2 cells after renal I/R injury regulate autophagy by transferring miR-590-3p in a paracrine manner, which suggests that increasing the miR-590-3p levels in HK-2 cell-derived exosomes may increase autophagy and protect against kidney injury after renal I/R injury.
Antibiotic Use and Surgical Site Infections in Immunocompromised Patients After Mohs Micrographic Surgery: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Nguyen Tuyet A. , Rowe Georgina , Harris Kristin , Ko Steven , Ko Matthew , Gharavi Nima M. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND
As Mohs micrographic surgery becomes more widely used in immunosuppressed patients, it is important to understand the risks in this unique population.

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether immunosuppressed patients are at an increased risk for surgical site infection and evaluate the utility of postoperative antibiotics for the prevention of surgical site infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A single-center retrospective review of patients who underwent Mohs micrographic surgery between October 9, 2014, and August 20, 2021, was performed.

RESULTS
Five thousand eight hundred eighty-six independent cases were identified. Factors associated with an increased incidence of antibiotic use included preoperative lesion size >40 mm (86.7%, n = 13; p < .01) and high-risk lesion location (46.4%, n = 1,268; p < .01). Patients were not more likely to be prescribed antibiotics if immunosuppressed (37.0%, n = 269 vs 34.2%, n = 1765; p = .14), and immunosuppression was not independently associated with antibiotic use on multivariate analysis (odds ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.0–1.5). Infection rates were similar between immunocompromised patients and immunocompetent patients (2.1%, n = 15 vs 1.6%, n = 80, respectively; p = .30). In immunosuppressed patients, antibiotic use did not decrease the likelihood of infection (3.0%, n = 8 vs 1.5%, n = 7; p = .19).

CONCLUSION
There was no association between immunosuppression and surgical infection rate. Furthermore, postoperative antibiotics should not be indicated in these patients unless other high-risk criteria exist.
Assessment of Pain, Healing Time, and Wound Contraction in Postoperative Auricular Defects Healing Secondarily With and Without the Use of a Porcine Xenograft, a Pilot Study
Authors: Coman Garrett C. , Holliday Alex C. , Mazloom Sean E. , Chavan Rahul N. , Phillips Mariana A. 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND
Postoperative auricular defects heal well with secondary intention healing (SIH); however, potential complications include postoperative pain, perichondritis, and chondritis.

OBJECTIVE
To compare postoperative pain and wound healing in auricular defects healing by secondary intention with and without the placement of a porcine xenograft.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-one subjects were enrolled in the study. The primary outcome was self-reported pain, measured on a 0 to 10 scale for 14 postprocedure days. Secondary outcomes included time to greater than 90% of reepithelialization and degree of wound contraction.

RESULTS
There was a 1 to 2 point difference in median pain scores between the porcine graft and control groups during postoperative days 4 to 7, 12, and 13. Time to 90% or greater reepithelialization was not statistically different between groups (p = .94). The average wound contraction was 34.1% for the porcine group and 34.0% for the control group (p = .95).

CONCLUSION
In this pilot study, overall pain scores were low in both groups. Placement of a porcine xenograft resulted in a slight reduction of median pain compared with traditional SIH. Patients in the control group were more likely to require analgesics. Similar rates of reepithelialization and degree of wound contracture were observed.
Subcutaneous Face and Neck Lift With Prefabricated Skin Excision: A Practical Technique With Favorable Results in Young and Middle-Aged Chinese Patients
Authors: Zhao Runlei , Wang Guanhuier , Xie Hongbin 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND
Subcutaneous face and neck lift is a popular procedure in Chinese face and neck rejuvenation. However, there are limited studies focusing on the details and evaluation of this technique.

OBJECTIVE
To introduce our subcutaneous face and neck lift technique with prefabricated skin excision, evaluating the efficacy with patient reported FACE-Q Scale. In addition, to investigate on skin excision and patient's satisfaction under different circumstances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred forty-five consecutive patients were identified who underwent subcutaneous face and neck lift with our technique. Online FACE-Q Scale was assessed for patients' satisfaction 6 months postoperatively. The skin excision and FACE-Q Scale were compared among different subgroups.

RESULTS
Fifty-eight patients completed the FACE-Q. Patients demonstrated high satisfaction overall and felt 8.8 years younger than their actual age. Intraoperative skin excision data verified the practicality of the prefabricated technique. There was a constant trend with patients' satisfaction among different age groups. The preliminary comparison between the facial bone reduction group and the general group revealed no significant difference.

CONCLUSION
The subcutaneous face and neck lift technique with prefabricated skin excision is an effective technique with favorable results in young and middle-aged Chinese patients.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV. Evidence obtained from a retrospective cohort analytic study.