bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional classification of left ventricular remodelling: prognostic relevance in myocardial infarction
Authors: Chimed Surenjav , van der Bijl Pieter , Lustosa Rodolfo , Fortuni Federico , Montero‐Cabezas Jose M. , Ajmone Marsan Nina , Gersh Bernard J. , Delgado Victoria , Bax Jeroen J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsThe current definition of post ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) left ventricular (LV) remodelling is purely structural (LV dilatation) and does not consider LV function (ejection fraction, EF), even though it is known to be a predictor of long‐term post‐STEMI outcome. This study aimed to reclassify LV remodelling after STEMI by integrating LV dilatation and function (LVEF) and to investigate the prognostic implications.Methods and resultsData from an ongoing registry of STEMI patients who were treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were retrospectively evaluated. Four distinct remodelling subgroups were identified: (i) no LV dilatation, no LVEF impairment,(ii) no LV dilatation but LVEF impairment, (iii) LV dilatation but no LVEF impairment, and (iv) LV dilatation and LVEF impairment. The impact of functional LV remodelling on outcomes was analysed. A total of 2346 patients were studied (mean age 60 ± 11 years, 76% men). During a median follow‐up of 76 (interquartile range 52 to 107) months, 282 (12%) died, while the composite of death and heart failure hospitalization occurred in 305 (13%) patients. Those with LV remodelling and LVEF impairment had a significantly lower survival rate (P < 0.001) and event‐free survival rate (P < 0.001) compared with other functional LV remodelling groups.ConclusionsEmploying a functional LV post‐infarct remodelling classification has the potential to improve risk stratification beyond structural LV remodelling alone. Identification of patients with the worst prognosis by using a functional LV remodelling approach may allow institution of early preventative therapies.
Organoaluminum Cation Catalyzed Selective Hydrosilylation of Carbonyls, Alkenes, and Alkynes
Authors: Sarkar Nabin , Sahoo Rajata Kumar , Mukhopadhyay Sayantan , Nembenna Sharanappa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe N,N’‐chelated β‐diketiminate analogue i. e., conjugated bis‐guanidine (CBG) ligand L(3H) [L= {(ArHN)(ArN)−C=N−C=(NAr)(NHAr)}; Ar=2,6‐Et2‐C6H3], has been used to synthesize mono‐ and dinuclear Al(III) dimethyl complexes, [L(2H) AlMe2] (1) and [L(H)(AlMe2)2] (2). Compounds 1 and 2 are synthesized by deprotonation method using free ligand and appropriate stoichiometric amounts of AlMe3 and are structurally characterized by a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction technique. Moreover, the reaction of compound 1 with B(C6F5)3 afforded a three‐coordinate aluminum methyl cation [L(2H)AlMe]+ [MeB(C6F5)3]− 3 in good yield. Compound 3 was thermally stable and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that compound 3 catalyzed hydrosilylation of carbonyls, alkenes, and alkyne with triethylsilane (HSiEt3) under solvent‐free conditions. We found that catalyst 3 is also effective for large‐scale hydrosilylation reactions. Additionally, we have shown that compound 3 catalyzed benzaldehyde's intermolecular chemoselective hydrosilylation over other reducible functional groups.
Analysis of cleaning process losses in photovoltaic cells
Authors: Benli Hüseyin , Gürtürk Mert , Ertürk Neslihan Koçdemir 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, the experimental data concerning wrong cleaning methods on the output performances of the photovoltaic cells are investigated. A concept was created in the form of pre‐experiment and post‐experiment with the samples used in the experimental study. Previously, the current, voltage, and power of the photovoltaic (PV) module samples were measured and all these values were re‐determined after the application of the incorrect cleaning procedure, dust accumulation effect composed by the wind, and human mistake. The results showed that the reduction in I‐V and P‐V characteristics strongly dependent on residues of cleaning chemicals and surface damage. It was found that the I‐V and P‐V losses due to external factors were 30%–40% for I‐V and 15%–20% for P‐V. Also, it was found that the chemical agent used during the cleaning process and I‐V and P‐V losses from human error were found to be 20%–30% for I‐V and 20%–25% for P‐V.
Plantain‐based dough meal: Nutritional property, antioxidant activity and dyslipidemia ameliorating potential in high‐fat‐induced rats
Authors: Oluwajuyitan Timilehin David , Ijarotimi Oluwole Steve , Fagbemi Tayo Nathaniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the nutritional property of plantain‐based dough meal, antioxidant activity and dyslipidemia‐ameliorating potential in high‐fat‐induced rats. The flour blends, that is, plantain 70%, soy cake 30% (PSC); plantain 65%, soy cake 30%, rice bran 5% (PSR); plantain 65%, soy cake 30%, oat‐bran 5% (PSO); plantain 60%, soy cake 30%, rice bran 5%, oat‐bran 5% (PSRO); and controls (100% plantain flour and Cerolina) were evaluated for proximate, amino acids, antioxidants, phenolic profile, and antihyperlipidemia. Protein, fiber, and energy composition varied from 2.2 to 4.97 g/100 g, 16.44 to 19.59 g/100 g, and 369.7 to 385.5 kcal/100 g, respectively. The essential amino acid index and predicted biological values of the foods ranged from 68.31% to 76.31% and 62.19% to 71.48%, respectively. Phenolic profiles (mg/g) were gallic acid (25.33–31.26), caffeic acid (2.75–4.61), ferulic acid (5.16–12.73), luteolin (16.31–23.60), kaempferol (21.51–30.64), quercetin (24.28–37.13), chlorogenic acid (42.25–59.78), myricetin (28.41–38.41), 3,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid (27.17–41.59), and 4, 5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid (39.96–51.28). The antioxidant activity (2,2‑azino‑bis (3‑ethylbenzthiazoline‑6‑sulfonate)*, 2,2‐ diphenyl‐1‐picryhydrazyl*, ferric‐reducing antioxidant activity, metal (Fe2+) chelation and hydroxyl (OH*) free radicals of PSRO was higher than other experimental food samples. In vivo study shows that the atherogenic index, coronary risk index and log (triglyceride concentration/high‐density lipoprotein concentration) of rats fed on experimental foods were lower than recommended values. The study established that PSRO had higher antioxidant and anti‐hyperlipidemia properties; hence, it may be suitable as a functional food.
High‐dose administration of purified cyanidin‐3‐glucose or a blackberry extract causes improved mitochondrial function but reduced content in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes
Authors: Solverson Patrick , Albaugh George P. , Harrison Dawn J. , Luthria Dave L. , Baer David J. , Novotny Janet A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBerry consumption shows antiobesity and antidiabetic effects in animals and humans. Anthocyanin or berry extracts increase insulin sensitivity, reduce lipid droplet formation, and cause a white‐to‐brite phenotypic switch of adipocytes in vitro. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (C3G) or blackberry extract (BBE) on cellular respiration of a fatty acid substrate in differentiated adipocytes. In separate experiments, 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were treated with 0, 150 nM, or 50 μM purified C3G ‐or‐ 0, 150 nM, 25 μM, or 50 μM C3G‐equivalents from a BBE. Baseline, state‐4, state‐3, and uncoupled respiration states were created experimentally and measured by high‐resolution respirometry. Respiration rate within each state was corrected for mitochondrial content determined by PCR. Mitochondrial content was significantly reduced with high‐dose C3G and the two high‐dose BBE. The high‐dose C3G caused a significant increase in respiration rate for baseline, state‐4, state‐3, and uncoupled states compared to control and physiologic dose C3G. The intermediate‐high dose (25 μM) BBE also significantly increased respiration rate for the same states compared to control and other treatment levels of BBE; this effect was not observed at the high‐dose (50 μM) BBE. Administration of high‐dose purified C3G or BBE decreased mitochondrial content but enhanced cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes across several mitochondrial states. We did not observe a phenotypic switch to brite adipocytes like others, but our empirical findings in cellular respiration on a fatty acid substrate support the antiobesity effects associated with anthocyanins and berries.
Large volume headspace GC/MS analysis for the identification of volatile compounds relating to seafood decomposition
Authors: Wang Zhengfang , de Jager Lowri S. , Begley Timothy , Genualdi Susan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDecomposition in seafood products in the United States is monitored by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) laboratories using sensory testing, which requires highly trained analysts. A large‐volume headspace (LVHS) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was developed to generate analytical results that can be directly compared to sensory evaluation. Headspace vapor was withdrawn from a 1‐L vial containing 50 g seafood sample using a large volume headspace autosampler. Various volatile compounds were collected simultaneously. Analytes were preconcentrated by a capillary column trapping system and then sent through a cryo‐focuser mounted onto the GC injector. A selected ion monitoring (SIM) MS acquisition method was used to selectively monitor 38 compounds of interest. Samples of red snapper, croaker, weakfish, mahi‐mahi, black tiger shrimp, yellowfin tuna, and sockeye salmon that have been assessed and scored by an FDA National Seafood Sensory Expert (NSSE) were used for method performance evaluation. Characteristic compounds potentially associated with seafood quality deterioration for each seafood species were identified by quantitative analysis using pooled matrix‐matched calibrations and two‐sample t‐test statistical analysis. Classification of fresh and decomposed samples was visualized on the analysis of variance (ANOVA)–principal component analysis (PCA) score plots. The results determined that the LVHS‐GC/MS technique appeared promising as a screening tool to identify compounds representative of sensory analysis.
Advances in sarcoma molecular diagnostics
Authors: Wang Xue Qi , Goytain Angela , Dickson Brendan C. , Nielsen Torsten Owen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSarcomas are cancers of mesenchymal origin with the potential to arise in diverse anatomic locations. With over 80 subtypes, which often demonstrate overlapping morphologies, sarcomas frequently require ancillary testing to enable accurate classification. Pathognomonic driver mutations can often be leveraged for diagnostic purposes and include fusion genes, amplification events, and recurrent point mutations. Until relatively recently, the major clinical molecular diagnostic tests have been karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction; however, these techniques have a number of limitations. Recent technological advances have led to the development of more comprehensive assays with higher throughput, thereby replacing the need for a suite of single gene tests. These approaches include next‐generation sequencing, fluorescent bar code hybridization, and DNA methylation profiling, among others. Herein, we review the application of recently developed techniques relevant to the diagnosis of sarcomas, and emerging assays with the potential for future development and clinical implementation.
One‐week escitalopram intake alters the excitation–inhibition balance in the healthy female brain
Authors: Zsido Rachel G. , Molloy Eóin N. , Cesnaite Elena , Zheleva Gergana , Beinhölzl Nathalie , Scharrer Ulrike , Piecha Fabian A. , Regenthal Ralf , Villringer Arno , Nikulin Vadim V. , Sacher Julia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNeural health relies on cortical excitation–inhibition balance (EIB). Previous research suggests a link between increased cortical excitation and neuroplasticity induced by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Whether there are modulations of EIB following SSRI‐administration in the healthy human brain, however, remains unclear. Thus, in a randomized double‐blind study, we administered a clinically relevant dose of 20 mg escitalopram for 7 days (time when steady state is achieved) in 59 healthy women (28 escitalopram, 31 placebo) on oral contraceptives. We acquired resting‐state electroencephalography data at baseline, after a single dose, and at steady state. We assessed 1/f slope of the power spectrum as a marker of EIB, compared individual trajectories of 1/f slope changes contrasting single dose and 1‐week drug intake, and tested the relationship of escitalopram plasma levels and cortical excitatory and inhibitory balance shifts. Escitalopram‐intake was associated with decreased 1/f slope, indicating an EIB shift in favor of excitation. Furthermore, 1/f slope at baseline and after a single dose of escitalopram was associated with 1/f slope at steady state. Higher plasma escitalopram levels at a single dose were associated with better maintenance of these EIB changes throughout the drug administration week. These findings demonstrate the potential for 1/f slope to predict individual cortical responsivity to SSRIs and widen the lens through which we map the human brain by testing an interventional psychopharmacological design in a clearly defined endocrinological state.
Differentiating distinct and converging neural correlates of types of systemic environmental exposures
Authors: Vargas Teresa G. , Damme Katherine S. F. , Mittal Vijay A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSystemic environmental disadvantage relates to a host of health and functional outcomes. Specific structural factors have seldom been linked to neural structure, however, clouding understanding of putative mechanisms. Examining relations during childhood/preadolescence, a dynamic period of neurodevelopment, could aid bridge this gap. A total of 10,213 youth were recruited from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. Self‐report and objective measures (Census and Federal bureau of investigation metrics extracted using geocoding) of environmental exposures were used, including stimulation indexing lack of safety and high attentional demands, discrepancy indexing social exclusion/lack of belonging, and deprivation indexing lack of environmental enrichment. Environmental measures were related to cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume regions, controlling for other environmental exposures and accounting for other brain regions. Self‐report (|β| = .04–.09) and objective (|β| = .02–.06) environmental domains related to area/thickness in overlapping (e.g., insula, caudal anterior cingulate), and unique regions (e.g., for discrepancy, rostral anterior and isthmus cingulate, implicated in socioemotional functions; for stimulation, precuneus, critical for cue reactivity and integration of environmental cues; and for deprivation, superior frontal, integral to executive functioning). For stimulation and discrepancy exposures, self‐report and objective measures showed similarities in correlate regions, while deprivation exposures evidenced distinct correlates for self‐report and objective measures. Results represent a necessary step toward broader work aimed at establishing mechanisms and correlates of structural disadvantage, highlighting the relevance of going beyond aggregate models by considering types of environmental factors, and the need to incorporate both subjective and objective measurements in these efforts.
Long‐term suspended sediment and particulate organic carbon yields from the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed and Critical Zone Observatory
Authors: Glossner Kayla L. , Lohse Kathleen A. , Appling Alison P. , Cram Zane K. , Murray Erin , Godsey Sarah E. , Van Vactor Steve , McCorkle Emma P. , Seyfried Mark S. , Pierson Fredrick B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLong‐term (>20 y) suspended sediment (SS) and particulate organic carbon (POC) records are relatively rare and yet are necessary for understanding linkages between climate, erosion and carbon export. We estimated long‐term (>23 y) SS and POC yields from four nested catchments that ranged from <1 to 54 km2 in area across the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed and Critical Zone Observatory (RCEW‐CZO) in southwestern Idaho, USA. We found strong relationships between log10SS and log10POC (R2 = 0.38–0.86) that varied across catchments but remained robust across years, one dry and one of the wettest water years on record. Mean annual SS yields varied from 18 to 89 g SS m−2 y−1 and POC from 0.6 to 11.0 g C m−2 y−1 across the four catchments. Water yield explained much of the temporal variation (72%–85%) in SS and POC yields except in a small, snow‐dominated headwater catchment where it explained 15%–51%. The largest five water years accounted for 69%–84% of the total SS and POC yields in catchments with 24 y records. All catchments had positive slopes (>0) for SS and POC concentration‐discharge (C‐Q) relationships, with large catchments exhibiting greater slopes (0.66–0.97) than smaller ones (0.14–0.16). In addition, most catchments were dominated (80%) by clockwise hysteretic curves. Lack of seasonal exhaustion in the SS‐POC relationships, positive C‐Q and clockwise relations indicated that these systems were transport‐rather than supply limited, and that sediment and POC appeared to be sourced from channel/bank erosion and remobilization. POC yields represent 1%–10% of mean water year net ecosystem exchange depending on elevation; lower elevation catchments may shift from being carbon sinks to sources after accounting for fluvial POC export associated with changes in climate.
Implementation of the first pharmacist‐led diabetes clinic at Ministry of Health Hospitals, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnais Meshal Abdullah , Altebainawi Ali Faris 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing and becoming a public health concern in Saudi Arabia, with one in every four adults living with diagnosed DM.AimsTo provide the framework for other MOH hospitals seeking to establish their own Pharmacist‐Led Diabetic Clinic (PLDCs).Materials & MethodsThe PLDC service is provided through a collaborative practice agreement (CPA). This CPA allows the clinical pharmacist to educate, assess, monitor, order related laboratory tests, prescribe and modify medications within specified criteria.ResultsMany interventions have been reported to improve clinical outcomes in patients with DM. Such interventions include clinical pharmacists' roles, who have been at the forefront of providing patient‐centered care approaches in patients with DM.DiscussionGiven the high burden of DM and clinical pharmacists' potentials in delivering care to people with DM, we established the first Pharmacist‐Led Diabetic Clinic (PLDC) at one of the 286 Ministry of Health (MOH) hospitals, “King Salman Specialist Hospital in Hail Region”, in 2017.ConclusionThe PLDC was developed to improve quality of life, educate patients, and facilitate the implementation of evidence‐based research findings.
Galectin-3 Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation of Precursor Cells From Patients With Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Xu Liang , Qian Zhuang , Wang Sinian , Wang Rong , Pu Xiaojiang , Yang Bo , Zhou Qingshuang , Du Changzhi , Chen Quanchi , Feng Zhenhua , Xu Leilei , Zhu Zezhang , Qiu Yong , Sun Xu 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a noninflammatory skeletal disease characterized by the progressive ectopic ossification and calcification of ligaments and enthuses. However, specific pathogenesis remains unknown. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a major source of osteoblasts and play vital roles in bone metabolism and ectopic osteogenesis. However, it is unclear whether BMSCs are involved in ectopic calcification and ossification in DISH. The current study aimed to explore the osteogenic differentiation abilities of BMSCs from DISH patients (DISH-BMSCs). Our results showed that DISH-BMSCs exhibited stronger osteogenic differentiation abilities than normal control (NC)-BMSCs. Human cytokine array kit analysis showed significantly increased secretion of Galectin-3 in DISH-BMSCs. Furthermore, Galectin-3 downregulation inhibited the increased osteogenic differentiation ability of DISH-BMSCs, whereas exogenous Galectin-3 significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation ability of NC-BMSCs. Notably, the increased Galectin-3 in DISH-BMSCs enhanced the expression of β-catenin as well as TCF-4, whereas attenuation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling partially alleviated Galectin-3-induced osteogenic differentiation and activity in DISH-BMSCs. In addition, our results noted that Galectin-3 interacted with β-catenin and enhanced its nuclear accumulation. Further in vivo studies showed that exogenous Galectin-3 enhanced ectopic bone formation in the Achilles tendon in trauma-induced rats by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The current study indicated that enhanced osteogenic differentiation of DISH-BMSCs was mainly attributed to the increased secretion of Galectin-3 by DISH-BMSCs, which enhanced β-catenin expression and its nuclear accumulation. Our study helps illuminate the mechanisms of pathological osteogenesis and sheds light on the possible development of potential therapeutic strategies for DISH treatment. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Global interpretation of novel alternative splicing events in human congenital pulmonary airway malformations: A pilot study
Authors: Yang Weili , Zhao Pu , Cao Ping , Miao Chunlin , Ji Xiang , Gao Ya , Li Peng , Cheng Jiwen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLittle is known about differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and alternative splicing (AS) landscapes in congenital lung malformations (CLMs). We applied reference‐based assembly of sequencing reads from RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) libraries to identify DEGs and AS landscapes in the lesions and normal lung tissue from the most common types of CLMs, including congenital pulmonary airway malformation‐Ⅰ (CPAM‐Ⅰ), CPAM‐Ⅱ, intralobar sequestration (ILS), and ILS with CPAM (ILS‐CPAM). We analyzed the expression profiles and related biological functions of AS events (ASEs). We further constructed a co‐expression regulatory network between RNA binding protein (RBP) genes and corresponding ASEs to explore the related pathways in the regulated network. Ten DEGs were identified in the four types of CLMs, including eight upregulated genes and two downregulated genes. Additionally, 16 differential ASEs were detected, including the genes MACF1, RFX2, and FBXL4. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment was mainly observed in embryonic visual malformation and apoptotic process, and the KEGG pathway mainly enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. We also detected 13 differentially expressed RBPs among 1979 DEGs in CPAM‐I, in which ASEs in the MACF1 gene and RBP genes TLR8 and PTRH1 were closely associated. Moreover, we confirmed that the expression levels of PTRH1, NSUN7, and DZIP1L abundantly increased and the expression levels of TLR8, MEF2A, and NIPBL decreased in the CPAM‐I lung tissue compared with the controls. It is suggested that ASEs in different types of CLMs is prominently different from normal controls, and ASEs differences occurring in CPAM‐I malformation tissue are dramatically different from other types, which demonstrates the complex pathogenesis of CLMs and provides foundations for future studies to elucidate the mechanisms of developing CLMs.