bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overlooked tools for studying soil nitrogen depolymerization: Aminopeptidase assays using nitroanilide substrates
Authors: Margenot Andrew J , Daughtridge Rachel C 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAminopeptidases are one of the extracellular hydrolytic enzymes that catalyze organic nitrogen (N) depolymerization and are commonly assayed using fluorogenic substrates. However, chromogenic substrates based on para‐nitroaniline (pNA) developed for the study of aminopeptidases in the 1960s have been underutilized. To gauge the use of pNA substrates to assay soil aminopeptidases, a systematic literature review was conducted. We identified 61 studies that were nearly all limited to measuring leucine and/or glycine aminopeptidases, despite the commercial availability of at least six other aminopeptidase‐specific pNA substrates. Assay parameters of scale (slurry vs. direct incubations), matrix type, buffer pH, substrate concentration, assay duration and temperature, termination, and colorimetry indicated a lack of standardization and a confusion of pNA with pNP substrates despite important differences in abiotic hydrolysis and absorbance maxima. Future studies should systematically evaluate and standardize these parameters and assess the sensitivity of other amino acid‐specific aminopeptidases to carbon (C), N, and sulfur (S) cycling.
Drug‐induced vasculitis: Thiazide or the COVID‐19 vaccine, which one is guilty? A case report and literature review
Authors: Hekmat Manoochehr , Jafari Naeini Sepideh , Abbasi Zahra , Dadkhahfar Sahar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA middle‐aged woman with a history of COVID‐19 vaccine administration and valve replacement surgery was admitted with bilateral palpable purpuric lesions in the lower extremities and headache. Based on the initial diagnosis of vasculitis, corticosteroid therapy was initiated, which led to the resolution of skin lesions.
Towards equitable public sector plant breeding in the United States
Authors: Brzozowski Lauren , Hanson Solveig , Jannink Jean‐Luc , Meints Brigid , Moore Virginia , Tufan Hale , Villwock Seren 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlant breeding is central to agriculture and shifts in plant breeding practices (e.g., hybrid development) and selection goals (e.g., response to synthetic fertilizer) have catalyzed monumental and persistent changes in agricultural production systems of all scales with social, political, economic, and environmental repercussions. Although plant breeders are largely trained in the sciences of biology, genetics, and statistics, we posit an ethical imperative to examine the degree of equity with which the benefits of new research and plant cultivars are distributed. In the United States, the history of plant breeding parallels the colonial history of agriculture, which compels reflection by current plant breeders about their role in shaping our agricultural system. In this perspective essay, we examine longstanding ideas about equitable food systems through the lens of public plant breeding in the United States. We propose a framework for equitable plant breeding with respect to both its process and outcomes, and we intend for the ideas presented herein to catalyze reflection, discussions, and actions as the plant breeding community seeks greater equity in the food and seed systems our work supports.
The role of microtopography and resident species in post‐disturbance recovery of arid habitats in Hawaiʻi
Authors: Yelenik Stephanie , Rose Eli , Cordell Susan , Victoria Michelle , Kellner James R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHabitat‐suitability indices (HSI) have been employed in restoration to identify optimal sites for planting native species. Often, HSI are based on abiotic variables and do not include biotic interactions, even though similar abiotic conditions can favor both native and nonnative species. Biotic interactions such as competition may be especially important in invader‐dominated habitats because invasive species often have fast growth rates and can exploit resources quickly. In this study, we test the utility of an HSI of microtopography derived from airborne LiDAR to predict post‐disturbance recovery and native planting success in native shrub‐dominated and nonnative, invasive grass‐dominated dryland habitats in Hawaiʻi. The HSI uses high‐resolution digital terrain models to classify sites' microtopography as high, medium, or low suitability, based on wind exposure and topographic position. We used a split‐plot before‐after‐control‐impact design to implement a disturbance experiment within native shrub (Dodonaea viscosa) and nonnative, invasive grass (Cenchrus clandestinus)‐dominated ecosystems across three microtopography categories. In contrast to previous studies using the same HSI, we found that microtopography was a poor predictor of pre‐disturbance conditions for soil nutrients, organic matter content, or foliar C:N, within both Dodonaea and Cenchrus vegetation types. In invader‐dominated Cenchrus plots, microtopography helped predict cover, but not as expected (i.e., highest cover would be in high‐suitability plots): D. viscosa had the greatest cover in low‐suitability and C. clandestinus had the greatest cover in medium‐suitability plots. Similarly, in native‐dominated Dodonaea plots, microtopography was a poor predictor of D. viscosa, C. clandestinus, and total plant cover. Although we found some evidence that microtopography helped inform post‐disturbance plant recovery of D. viscosa and total plant cover, vegetation type was a more important predictor. Important for considering the success of plantings, percent cover of D. viscosa decreased while percent cover of C. clandestinus increased within both vegetation types 20 months after disturbance. Our results are evidence that HSIs based on topographic features may prove most useful for choosing planting sites in harsh habitats or those already dominated by native species. In more productive habitats, competition from resident species may offset any benefits gained from “better” suitability sites.
Can Sphagnum removal reverse the undesired succession of rich fens under different alkalinity and fertility levels?
Authors: Singh Patrícia , Hájková Petra , Jiroušek Martin , Lizoňová Zuzana , Peterka Tomáš , Plesková Zuzana , Šímová Anna , Šmerdová Eva , Štechová Táňa , Hájek Michal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn undesired succession of rich fens leads to the formation of dense Sphagnum carpets that outcompete brown mosses and some vascular plants, resulting in biodiversity loss in fen habitats of high conservation importance. Small‐scale Sphagnum removal is a rarely implemented conservational measure, whose success may depend on soil alkalinity and fertility (i.e., nutrient availability). Therefore, characterizing the effects of pH and fertility levels would potentially allow for the development of better Sphagnum removal strategies. Two experiments were conducted across 24 rich fens of different alkalinity and fertility located in an area of ~32,000 km2 spanning from the Bohemian Massif to the Western Carpathians (Europe). We hypothesized that high alkalinity and low fertility support the restoration of rich fen vegetation after Sphagnum removal. Our study focused on four different Sphagnum groups. In Experiment 1, the treatment plots remained unfenced. In Experiment 2, the treatment plots were fenced off and target brown mosses were transplanted from the surroundings to overcome dispersal limitations. A repeated‐measures design was used, with vegetation composition recorded over a 5‐year period. High alkalinity rather than fertility facilitated species richness and the appearance of target brown mosses. High alkalinity generally hindered Sphagnum recovery, whereas high fertility supported the recurrence of S. teres and S. recurvum agg. Under high pH conditions, enhanced fertility further correlated with the spread of nonsphagnaceous generalist bryophytes of low conservation value. Despite sustaining a significant overall reduction, all Sphagnum taxa began to recover throughout the experiment, albeit less obviously in fens with S. warnstorfii. Sphagnum removal may reverse biodiversity loss and allow for the restoration of brown mosses in rich fens where Sphagnum cover had increased due to slight eutrophication, acidification, or a decrease in the water table. In alkaline and nutrient‐poor conditions (e.g., S. warnstorfii fens), the effect is evident and long lasting and the intervention may not be extensive. In fens dominated by S. teres or S. recurvum agg., repeated or large‐scale removal may be needed if high nutrient availability (potassium, phosphorus) or low alkalinity supports Sphagnum recolonization. Treatment plots with S. subgenus Sphagnum exhibited the least promising brown‐moss restoration prospects.
Mixture Toxicity of Herbicides with Dissimilar Modes of Action to Myriophyllum spicatum
Authors: Fusilero Abegail , De Rop Jasmine , Spanoghe Pieter , Arts Gertie H. P. , De Schamphelaere Karel A. C. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Considering the vital role of rooted macrophytes in the aquatic ecosystem, validating assumptions on the interactive effects of herbicides with different modes of action at an environmentally relevant mixture ratio is necessary. We investigated the effects of diflufenican (a carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor) and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium (IMS; an acetolactate synthase inhibitor) in a 14-day growth inhibition experiment with Myriophyllum spicatum, wherein single compounds and their combination were tested in parallel (n = 84). The assessment was done using three different methods: significance testing, model deviation ratio (MDR), and mixture interaction factor (MIF). Interactions relative to both concentration addition and independent action were assessed via significance testing. This revealed that diflufenican and IMS acted antagonistically relative to both models for fresh weight and total shoot length (p &lt; 0.05) and that there was slight synergism for the number of side shoots (p &lt; 0.001) relative to concentration addition. The MDR and MIF can only assess interactions relative to the concentration addition model. According to MDR, the mixture appeared to show no interaction (neither antagonistic nor synergistic), whereas the MIF method revealed that the compounds acted antagonistically for fresh weight and that there was a slight synergism for total shoot length and number of side shoots. We conclude that inferences about mixture toxicity interactions are method- and endpoint-dependent, which can have implications for regulatory mixtures assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2209–2220. © 2022 SETAC
Key state‐level policy elements governing pharmacist collaborative practice
Authors:   American College of Clinical Pharmacy
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe American College of Clinical Pharmacy previously published a white paper in 2015, “Collaborative Drug Therapy Management and Comprehensive Medication Management,” as well as position statements on collaborative drug therapy management (CDTM) in 1997 and 2003. Although significant federal and state legislation addressing collaborative practice has evolved and expanded throughout the United States since then, variability in state‐level policy remains a barrier for effective collaborative practice. Collaborative practice facilitates the delivery of comprehensive medication management by clinical pharmacists and enhances team‐based care. State governments are the primary entities that determine the scope of practice for health professionals. As such, state‐level policy plays a crucial role in enabling or impeding the implementation of advanced pharmacist services and effective CDTM. Almost all states currently enable pharmacist prescriptive authority in some form. In 2017, the National Alliance of State Pharmacy Associations and the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy issued joint recommendations outlining model elements of state policies for statewide protocol authority and pharmacist prescribing.
Thermophysical properties of hybrid silica phenolic ablative composite: Theoretical and experimental analysis
Authors: Jithin A. J. Aravind , Panigrahi Sushanta K. , P. Sasikumar , K. Rao Shreedhar , Ali T. K. Shabeeb , G. Krishnakumar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSilica phenolic ablative composites are used in many high‐temperature applications like rocket/missile solid motor nozzles, space re‐entry vehicles, and so forth. As ablative composite with lower thermal conductivity and density can save considerable cost, a hybrid silica phenolic ablative composite was developed by establishing a novel processing methodology using chopped silica fiber, phenolic resin, and hollow glass microsphere. The thermophysical properties of the developed hybrid composite are analyzed and established the scientific know‐how. The developed composites, with 36% lower density, displayed 50% lower thermal conductivity and 50% lower thermal diffusivity than standard silica phenolic composite. Since a proper thermal conductivity model for a three‐component composite with matrix, fiber, and hollow glass microsphere is not available, the most suitable model for the developed composite is established.
Additive manufacturing of jute fiber reinforced polymer composites: A concise review of material forms and methods
Authors: Devarajan Balaji , LakshmiNarasimhan Rajeshkumar , Venkateswaran Bhuvaneswari , Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing is accelerating in hypersonic speed, which touched upon almost all the nook and corners of the manufacturing sector. The present stage wherein a 3D printer is capable of printing queer hybrid materials was not imagined through conventional manufacturing albeit it is meager existence in a few instances. Its expendable arms stretch to the maximum level that is even clearly addressed in Industry 4.0 too, by making at least a printer in a company for printing specific customized materials. The dream of printing composite material was been a long‐term goal for researchers worldwide. This article primarily focuses on this niche area of printing natural fiber composite materials that too specifically jute fiber‐reinforced composites. Very few pieces of literature are available on additive manufacturing of specific natural fibers. As the technique for printing natural fiber‐reinforced composites is still under evolution, this study will be more interesting as it consolidates the facts and figures involved in 3D of jute fiber reinforced composites alone. Different forms of jute fibers used by the researchers include weaved jute, jute as continuous fiber, filament along with jute, jute fiber as reinforcement, jute used as rope as well as jute fiber as cement matrix and all these forms have been addressed in this review.
A Molten‐Salt Method to Synthesize Ultrahigh‐Nickel Single‐Crystalline LiNi0.92Co0.06Mn0.02O2 with Superior Electrochemical Performance as Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lv Fei , Zhang Yimin , Wu Mengtao , Gu Yuzong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides have been intensively considered as promising cathode materials for next‐generation Li‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, the performance degradation caused by intergranular cracks and electrode/electrolyte interface parasitic reactions restricts their further application. Compared with secondary particles, single‐crystal (SC) materials have better mechanical integrity and cycling stability. However, the preparation of ultrahigh‐nickel layered SC cathode still remains a serious challenge. Herein, a novel LiOH‐LiNO3‐H3BO3 molten‐salt method is proposed to synthesize SC LiNi0.92Co0.06Mn0.02O2 with considerable crystallinity and uniformity. The critical impacts of calcination temperature and boric acid on the microstructure and electrochemical property of Ni‐rich layered oxides are systematically investigated. The results show that the crystal growth is promoted and the stability of crystal structure is improved by this synthesis method. In particular, the optimal electrode demonstrates a superior initial discharge capacity of 214.8 mAh g–1 with a high capacity retention of 86.3% over 300 cycles as tested by pouch‐type full cells at 45 ºC. This work not only prepares an ultrahigh‐nickel layered CS cathode with superior electrochemical performances, but also provides a feasible method for the synthesis of other CS layered cathode materials.
Who creates international marketing agility? Diasporic agility guiding new market entry processes in emerging contexts
Authors: Elo Maria , Silva Susana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInternational marketing agility is a crucial dynamic capability in international business. The purpose of this article is to examine who creates it and how exporters and partners leverage diasporic agility. We employ case study research on two diaspora entrepreneurs acting as ambidextrous strategic channel partners and playing a central role in guiding the exporter to new markets. In both cases, the role of the diaspora entrepreneurs as channel partners was decisive in providing multistage agility for the exporter while employing their specific market drive and understanding as a source of competitive advantage. While the exporters concentrated on their core business, the partners sensed, seized, and reconfigured resources to enable market entry and growth under culturally and politico‐economically demanding conditions. The diasporic understanding of the markets was a unique form of this agility and fundamental for the right strategies and an exporter's international marketing. Diaspora channel partners facilitated entry and lowered the cost of international marketing by providing advanced and more locally legitimate knowledge, fostering ambidexterity. We contribute to the conceptualization of the role of diaspora as an international marketing agility actor.
Final global leadership development program (GLDP) design: Where do we go from here? Global evidence from Europe, the US, and Brazil
Authors: Hruby Jörg , Almeida Paulo , Hoeft Christina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of high potentials within global companies remains a challenge in leadership development in the face of increasingly dynamic environments. Despite this, we know surprisingly little about the practices business schools and corporations follow when it comes to Global Leadership Development Programs (GLDP). In this article, we derive critical success factors of the components of a GLDP leveraging evidence of 90 conducted panel interviews with global human resources experts and qualitative analysis of 33 GLDPs, 20 high‐level executive storytelling about competences and practical key elements leading successful and results‐driven change in their global companies, and 12 interviews with executive education directors. We examine within a grounded theory approach two overall under‐explored questions. What is a successful GLDP? Moreover, how to design it? What are the critical success factors in designing a GLDP? We derive a checklist to help implement future GLDPs within their global organizations. Our findings and discussion outline future research recommendations and provide advice for GLDP designers within Executive Education or HR Development contexts.
Antiviral nanopharmaceuticals: Engineered surface interactions and virus‐selective activity
Authors: Kolanthai Elayaraja , Neal Craig J. , Kumar Udit , Fu Yifei , Seal Sudipta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has inspired large research investments from the global scientific community in the study of viral properties and antiviral technologies (e.g., self‐cleaning surfaces, virucides, antiviral drugs, and vaccines). Emerging viruses are a constant threat due to the substantial variation in viral structures, limiting the potential for expanded broad‐spectrum antiviral agent development, and the complexity of targeting multiple and diverse viral species with unique characteristics involving their virulence. Multiple, more infectious variants of SARS‐CoV2 (e.g., Delta, Omicron) have already appeared, necessitating research into versatile, robust control strategies in response to the looming threat of future viruses. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials have played a vital role in addressing current viral threats, from mRNA‐based vaccines to nanoparticle‐based drugs and nanotechnology enhanced disinfection methods. Rapid progress in the field has prompted a review of the current literature primarily focused on nanotechnology‐based virucides and antivirals. In this review, a brief description of antiviral drugs is provided first as background with most of the discussion focused on key design considerations for high‐efficacy antiviral nanomaterials (e.g., nanopharmaceuticals) as determined from published studies as well as related modes of biological activity. Insights into potential future research directions are also provided with a section devoted specifically to the SARS‐CoV2 virus.This article is categorized under:
Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomediciney > Toxicology of Nanomaterials
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Respiratory Disease
Dynamical consequences of 1-form symmetries and the exceptional Argyres-Douglas theories
Authors: Carta Federico , Giacomelli Simone , Mekareeya Noppadol , Mininno Alessandro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Higher-form symmetries have proved useful in constraining the dynamics of a number of quantum field theories. In the context of the Argyres-Douglas (AD) theories of the (G, G′) type, we find that the 1-form symmetries are invariant under the Higgs branch flow, and that they are captured by the non-Higgsable sector at a generic point on the Higgs branch of the AD theory in question. As a consequence, dimensional reduction of an AD theory with a non-trivial 1-form symmetry to 3d leads to a free sector. We utilize these observations, along with other results, to propose systematically the mirror theories for the AD theories of the (An, Em) type. As a by-product of these findings, we discover many important results: the Flip-Flip duality for all T[G] theories with simply-laced group G, including the exceptional ones; the class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
descriptions of exceptional affine Dynkin diagram such that all gauge groups are special unitary; the universality of the mirror theories for $$ {D}_{h_G^{\vee }} $$

D

h
G
∨

(G) with $$ {h}_G^{\vee } $$

h
G
∨

the dual Coxeter number of G; and the triviality of the 2-group structure in the (An, Em) theories.
Non-factorisable contribution to t-channel single-top production
Authors: Brønnum-Hansen Christian , Melnikov Kirill , Quarroz Jérémie , Signorile-Signorile Chiara , Wang Chen-Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We compute the non-factorisable $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
($$ {\alpha}_s^2 $$

α
s
2

) corrections to t-channel single-top quark production at the LHC. These peculiar corrections arise because of interactions between the heavy- and the light-quark lines and appear for the very first time at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. We find that the non-factorisable corrections change the single-top production cross section and the relevant kinematic distributions in this process by about half a percent.