bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partially Resolving Myocardial Fibrosis Following the mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: An MRI Based Case Report
Authors: Imran AFM Ashik , Park Won Jun , Sood Michael R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction:Myocarditis is a disease that has varying degrees of clinical manifestations. Furthermore, its diagnosis and management can pose as a challenge to clinicians. With over 250 million people receiving the mRNA covid vaccine, there have been rare reports of myocarditis, pericarditis or other cardiovascular involvement. However, its natural course remains unclear. Case:We report a 30-year-old healthy male who was hospitalized 3 days after the second dose of the covid-19 vaccination. He had high cardiac laboratory markers (cardiac troponin I peak of 22 ng/mL, normal <0.03 ng/mL). He had a subsequent coronary angiogram and echocardiogram that were normal and was hence diagnosed with myocarditis. After week 3, his symptoms fully abated along with all of his inflammatory and cardiac markers. He had a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) study 8 weeks later (from the date of his vaccine dose) that showed prominent mid to epicardial lateral wall fibrosis with normal T1 and T2 mapping. A repeat CMR was performed 3 months later, which is almost 22 weeks since the vaccine administration. It showed persistent, though partially resolving fibrosis, despite full resolution of symptoms and biomarkers, demonstrating an insidious recovery. Conclusion:This case demonstrates myocarditis following the second dose of the mRNA covid-19 vaccination with evidence of myocardial fibrosis on CMR and on follow-up CMR scan nearly 5 and a ½ months from administration. Furthermore, it shows remaining evidence of myocardial fibrosis despite the normalization of symptoms and traditional screening methods such as echocardiography and the use of cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers in disease surveillance. It provides insight into its natural course and insidious recovery as well as the utility of CMR in clinical management.
Sugar beet pulp with medium water binding capacity and high fermentability improves the intestinal health and growth performance of weaned piglets
Authors: Huang Shuangbo , Cui Zhijuan , Cheng Chuanhui , Hao Xiangyu , Chen Jianzhao , Wu Deyuan , Luo Hefeng , Deng Jinping , Tan chengquan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This study was aimed to investigate the hydration and fermentation characteristics of fibrous materials through an in vitro study to screen out dietary fibers with varying water binding capacity (WBC) / fermentability, and evaluate their effects on the growth, diarrhea, and intestinal health of weaned piglets.
Methods
The hydration properties of 13 commercially available fibrous materials were first compared in terms of in vitro viscosity, WBC and water swelling capacity, followed by enzymatically hydrolysis of all the fibrous materials with pepsin and pancreatin, and in vitro fermentation of the enzymolyzed residues, during which gas and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production were monitored. Subsequently, 40 weaned piglets were randomized to five experimental dietary groups (8 piglets per group): (1) the control diet (a basal diet without dietary fiber, CON), a basal diet supplemented with (2) 5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), (3) 5% wheat bran (WB), (4) 5% moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP), and (5) 5% sugar beet pulp (SBP), and their growth performance and diarrhea rate were calculated. At the end of feeding experiments, anaesthetized piglets were killed, and their intestinal and colonic digesta or plasma samples were analyzed in terms of intestinal morphology, intestinal barrier, inflammatory cytokines, SCFAs, and bacterial population.
Results
In vitro studies revealed a similar low WBC (2.1–2.3 g/g), but different fermentability (MCC < WB) for MCC (low WBC, low fermentability) and WB (low WBC, high fermentability) as well as a similar medium WBC (4.4–4.9 g/g), but different fermentability (MOLP < SBP) for MOLP (medium WBC, low fermentability) and SBP (medium WBC, high fermentability). In vivo studies showed that: 1) Compared with the MOLP group, the SBP group showed improved G/F ratio and reduced diarrhea rate in the first two weeks after weaning. Moreover, the SBP-fed weaned piglets were higher than the MOLP-fed weaned piglets in total SCFA concentration as well as the relative levels of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, but lower in the level of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in colonic digesta. 2) Compared with the medium WBC groups (MOLP and SBP), the low WBC (MCC and WB) groups were showed increased diarrhea and reduced apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and crude protein. 3) Compared with the WB group, the MCC group showed increased crypt depth and mRNA level of tumor necrosis factor-α, but impaired jejunum barrier.
Conclusions
Both the WBC and fermentability of fibrous materials affected the intestinal health and growth performance of weaned piglets. The overall
Knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs in a local population in Switzerland using the Stroke Awareness Questionnaire
Authors: Correia Pamela Noella , Meyer Ivo A. , Salmen Stephan , Rapun Irene Aìcua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims To ascertain the degree of awareness of stroke risk factors, response in case of symptoms as well as the knowledge of stroke treatments in a local Swiss population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey questionnaire-based study using a validated stroke awareness questionnaire. Enrollment was done over six months including patients who had suffered a stroke or a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Results69 patients were included, of whom 35% (n=24) correctly defined a TIA and only 29% (n=20) considered a TIA to be equally serious as a stroke. There was a statistically significant positive relationship (p=0.006, 95% CI: 0.1-0.53, r =0.3) between interpretation of stroke and TIA as a serious event. 56.5% (n=39) of patients were able to correctly identify a minimum of 3 stroke symptoms and 47.8% (n=32) patients responded that they would call an ambulance immediately at symptom onset. The decision to call an ambulance was significantly associated with a good knowledge of stroke risk factors (p=0.03, 95% CI: 1.09-9.92) and stroke therapies (p=0.05, 95% CI: 0.99 -7.36). 37% (n=26) of patients were able to cite 3 or more acute stroke therapies or secondary treatment medications and only 8.7% (n=6) were able to name thrombolysis as being one of these therapies.ConclusionsKnowledge of stroke risk factors and treatments significantly influences the immediate response to stroke symptoms. Patients who recognise a stroke as a serious medical emergency are more likely to consider a TIA to be the same. Knowledge of acute stroke treatments should be emphasised in future public health programs.
New Insights on the Evolutionary Relationships Between the Major Lineages of Amoebozoa
Authors: Tekle Yonas , Wang Fang , Wood Fiona , Anderson O. Roger , Smirnov Alexey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The supergroup Amoebozoa unites a wide diversity of amoeboid organisms and encompasses enigmatic lineages recalcitrant to modern phylogenetics. Deep divergences, taxonomic placement of some key taxa and character evolution in the group largely remain poorly elucidated or controversial. We surveyed available Amoebozoa genomes and transcriptomes to mine conserved putative single copy genes, which were used to enrich gene sampling and generate the largest supermatrix (824 genes) in the group to date. We recovered a well-resolved and supported tree of Amoebozoa, revealing novel deep level relationships and resolving placement of enigmatic lineages congruent with morphological data. In our analysis the deepest branching group is Tubulinea. A recent proposed major clade Tevosa, uniting Evosea and Tubulinea, is not supported. Based on the new phylogenetic tree, paleoecological and paleontological data as well as data on the biology of presently living amoebozoans, we hypothesize that the evolution of Amoebozoa probably was driven with the need to disrupt and graze on microbial mats - a dominant ecosystem of the mid-Proterozoic period of the Earth history.
Effect of High-Pressure D2 and H2 Annealing on LFN Properties in FD-SOI pTFET
Authors: Shin Hyun-Jin , Eadi Sunil Babu , Song Ki-Woo , An Yeong-Jin , Ryu Tae-Gyu , Kim Do-woo , Lee Hi-Deok , Kwon Hyuk-Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effect of high-pressure deuterium annealing and hydrogen annealing on the electrical performance and the low-frequency noise properties in fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator p–type tunneling field-effect transistor (pTFET) was investigated. The electrical performance and the low-frequency noise properties were improved by high-pressure deuterium annealing. The typical noise power spectral density without high-pressure annealing exhibited two Lorentzian spectra, which were affected by one fast trap site and one slow trap site. The interface trap density related to the fast trap sites was reduced by using high-pressure deuterium and hydrogen annealing. Because the traps near the tunneling junction that contributed to the LFN were passivated using high-pressure deuterium and hydrogen annealing, high-pressure H2 and D2 annealing have the potential to be significant and necessary for future integrated tunneling field-effect transistor technology.
Analgesic effects of Terminalia Chebula is mediated by suppression of brain protein expression of NGF and NF-κB and oxidative markers following neuropathic pain in rats
Authors: Haghani Mostafa , Jaafari Mahvash , Meftahi Gholam Hossein , Behzadnia Mohammad Javad , Bahari Zahra , Jangravi Zohreh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Due to the complications related to the use of the current pharmacological approach for relief of neuropathic pain, searching for effective compound with less complication is need of present era. Since, the pathophysiology mechanism of neuropathic pain is related to excessive inflammation in nervous system. Hence, the present study focuses on whether the potential analgesic effects of Terminalia Chebula (TC) extract is mediated by the changes of brain protein expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) in a rat model of sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI).Method and Results: Neuropathic pain induced by left sciatic nerve CCI. Male wistar rats assigned into sham, CCI, and CCI+TC (40mg/kg) groups. Animals received normal saline (1 ml) or aqueous-alcoholic extract of TC (40 mg/kg) for 30 days via gavage needles once a day. Cold allodynia and anxiety-like behaviors examined on one day before CCI surgery (day -1) and also on days 2, 7, 14 and 30 following CCI. We also assessed TC extract effects on oxidative stress markers on day 30 following CCI. Furthermore, western blot study performed on day 30 following CCI for evaluation of TC extract effects on protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain. Orally gavage of TC extract significantly decreased cold allodynia on days 2 and 14 following CCI. Additionally, CCI model of chronic pain significantly increased protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain on day 30 following CCI. Furthermore, TC extract significantly decreased protein expression of NGF and NF-κB of the brain. The TC extract significantly increased brain glutathione (GSH) content and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Conclusions: It is suggested that analgesic effects of TC extract is mediated by suppression of brain NGF, NF-κB, and also its antioxidant activity in the brain following neuropathic pain in rats.
Preoperative idiopathic CRP and ESR elevation increase the risk of PJI within 90-day after primary total knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Cao Li , Yusuyin Abudusalamu , Maimaitiyiming Asihaerjiang , Li GuoqQing , Zhang XiaoGang , Xu BoYong , Ji BaoChao , Wang Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between preoperative idiopathic serum CRP and ESR elevation in KOA patients with 90-day PJI after primary TKA.Methods: We reviewed our center’s database over a 60-month study period from November 2016 to October 2021. After excluding those with known diseases that elevate CRP and ESR, 882 KOA patients who met the initial screening criteria, namely, 293 males and 589 females aged 67.00±7.91 (range, 43-91) years, were divided into four groups based on the preoperative CRP level and ESR: 44 patients, CRP+ESR+; 27 patients, CRP+ESR-; 176 patients, CRP-ESR+; and 635 patients, CRP-ESR-. All patients underwent primary TKA, and the prevalence of PJI was evaluated based on the 2014 MSIS acute diagnostic criteria. The risk factors for CRP and ESR elevation were analyzed by binary logistic regression.Results: The total infection rate was 1.59% (14/882); infection rates in the CRP+ESR+, CRP+ESR-, CRP-ESR+ and CRP-ESR- groups were 6.82% (3/44), 0 (0/27), 2.27% (3/176), and 1.10% (7/635), respectively. There was a significant relationship between preoperative idiopathic ESR or CRP elevation and the prevalence of 90-day PJI (P=0.022). Diabetes mellitus (P=0.0004) and an elevated body mass index (BMI) (P<0.0001) were risk factors for CRP elevation; being female (P<0.0001) and having an elevated BMI (P<0.0001) or diabetes mellitus (P=0.0036) were risk factors for ESR elevation.Conclusion: Preoperative idiopathic CRP and/or ESR elevation increase the risk of 90-day PJI after primary TKA. Demographic characteristics and complications should be considered before deciding whether surgery can be performed, or additional perioperative treatment is needed to reduce the occurrence of PJI.
Mothers Infant Sunlight Exposure Practice And Associated Factors At Dejen District, Amhara, Ethiopia 2021
Authors: Bekalu Amare , Molla Abebaw , Asmare Bayachew , Hune Yidersal , Temesgen Habtamu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Currently, nutritional rickets has become a concern of many nutrition experts in many countries. Sunlight is the best and most reliable Source of vitamin D. since there is scarce information regarding infant sunlight exposure practice and the determinant factors. The study assessed mothers’ infant sunlight exposure, practice level, and associated factors. Methods: a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 884 mothers from March 20 to April 04/2017. Through the multi-stage simple random sampling method, the study areas had selected. The data were collected using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The strength of association was measured using binary logistic regression at a 95% CI odds ratio. Finally, P-value < 0.05% was declared statistically significant.Results: Out of the study participants, 866 (97.9%) were interviewed. Only 44% of mothers had good practice of infant sunlight exposure. In multivariate analyses; Knowledge status [AOR=1.4, 95% CI: (1.0-1.9)], Attitude status [AOR=1.4, 95% CI: (1.1-1.9)] , mothers age group [AOR= 8.6, 95% CI:(5.1-14.4)] ,mothers educational status [AOR= 5.2, 95% CI: (1.6-16.9), delivery at health facility [AOR= 1.5, 95% CI: (1.0-2.1)], and friend influence [AOR= 1.6, 95% CI: (1.2-2.1)] were significantly associatiated with the practice level of infant sunlight exposure. Conclusion: This finding showed that the majority of the mothers did not expose their infants to sunlight appropriately. The mother's knowledge, attitude, educational status, institutional delivery, and friend influence were the significant factors and needs to work on these.
Comparative study of the growth parameters of cowpea bean plants inoculated with Azotobacter sp. and urea.
Authors: Puca-Pacheco Mercedes , Medina Erika Yovana Gonzales , Rios Elizabeth Ernestina Jayos , Miranda Kelva Nathally Llanos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aims
There is a growing interest in developing ecological agriculture in order to achieve cleaner production and pollution reduction related to the use of chemical fertilizers. The present research goal is to compare the effects of chemical fertilizer such as urea, in comparison to biofertilizer based on bacterium Azotobacter sp., on the growth of cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp).
Method
A small block experimental design was used, in which the concentrations of chemical fertilizer such as urea and biological fertilizer Azotobacter sp. The dosages of the fertilizers were varied to evaluate the dependent variables such as the length of the aerial part (LAP), root length (RL), fresh weight of the aerial part (FWAP), dry weight of the aerial part (DWAP), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW) and stem thickness (ST).
Results
It was demonstrated that the optimal dosage was 1.9x109 total cells contained in 1 mL of biofertilizer Azotobacter sp getting an average length of aerial part (LAP) of 16.333 ± 0.757 cm. While with urea, we have obtained length values of aerial part of 14.267 ± 0.850; 15.767 ± 0.987; 15.567 ± 1.041cm for fertilizer dosage volumes of 1, 2 and 3 mL respectively. A control test without fertilizers was carried out for comparison.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the replacement of urea with the biofertilizer Azotobacter sp. is feasible, being a viable alternative to reduce soil and environmental pollution.
Fly-Casting with Ligand–Sliding and Orientational Selection to Support the Complex Formation of a GPCR and a Middle-Sized Flexible Molecule
Authors: Higo Junichi , Kasahara Kota , Bekker Gert-Jan , Ma Benson , Sakuraba Shun , Iida Shinji , Kamiya Narutoshi , Fukuda Ikuo , Kono Hidetoshi , Fukunishi Yoshifumi , Nakamura Haruki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A GA-guided multidimensional virtual-system coupled molecular dynamics (GA-mD-VcMD) simulation was performed to elucidate a binding mechanism of a middle-sized flexible molecule, bosentan, to a GPCR protein, human endothelin receptor type B (hETB). GA-mD-VcMD is one of generalized ensemble methods and produces a free-energy landscape of the ligand-receptor binding by searching large-scale motions accompanied with stably keeping the fragile cell-membrane structure. All molecular components (bosentan, hETB, membrane, and solvent) were represented with an all-atom model, and sampling was carried out from conformations where bosentan was distant from the binding site in the hETB’s binding pocket. The deepest basin in the resultant free-energy landscape was assigned to the native-like complex conformation. The obtained binding mechanism is as follows. First, bosentan fluctuating randomly in solution is captured by a tip region of the flexible N-terminal tail of hETB via nonspecific attractive interactions (fly-casting). Bosentan then occasionally slides from the tip to root of the N-terminal tail (ligand–sliding). In this sliding, bosentan passes the gate of the binding pocket from outside to inside of the pocket with accompanying a quick reduction of the molecular orientational variety of bosentan (orientational selection). Last, in the pocket, ligand–receptor attractive native contacts are formed, and eventually the native-like complex is completed. The bosentan-captured conformations by the tip- and root-regions of the N-terminal tail correspond to two basins in the free-energy landscape, and the ligand–sliding corresponds to overcoming a free-energy barrier between the basins.
Metabolic Engineering of Corynebacterium Glutamicum for Efficient Production of Optically Pure (2R,3R)-2,3-Butanediol
Authors: Kou Mengyun , Cui Zhenzhen , Fu Jing , Dai Wei , Wang Zhiwen , Chen Tao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:2,3-butanediol is an important platform compound which has a wide range of applications, involving in medicine, chemical industry, food and other fields. Especially the optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol can be employed as an antifreeze agent and as the precursor for producing chiral compounds. However, some (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol overproducing strains are pathogenic such as Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella oxytoca.Results: In this study, a (3R)-acetoin overproducing C. glutamicum strain, CGS9, was engineered to produce optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol efficiently. Firstly, the gene bdhA from B. subtilis 168 was integrated into strain CGS9 and its expression level was further enhanced by using a strong promoter Psod and ribosome binding site (RBS) with high translation initiation rate, and the (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol titer of the resulting strain was increased by 33.9%. Then the transhydrogenase gene udhA from E.coli was expressed to provide more NADH for 2,3-butanediol synthesis, which reduced the accumulation of the main byproduct acetoin by 57.2%. Next, a mutant atpG was integrated into strain CGK3, which increased the glucose consumption rate by 10.5% and the 2,3-butanediol productivity by 10.9% in shake-flask fermentation. Through fermentation engineering, the most promising strain CGK4 produced a titer of 144.9 g/L (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol with a yield of 0.429 g/g glucose and a productivity of 1.10 g/L/h in fed-batch fermentation. The optical purity of the resulting (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol surpassed 99%.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest titer of optically pure (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol achieved by GRAS strains, and the result has demonstrated that C. glutamicum is a competitive candidate for (2R,3R)-2,3-butanediol production.
Zinc-based alloy rapid tooling for sheet metal forming reinforced by SLM steel inlays
Authors: Wen Tong , Liu Longqin , Wang Xu , Zheng Yu , Yang Fan , Zhou Yin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Among the existing rapid and economical sheet metal forming technologies, stamping with a press using soft tools, especially low-melting-point alloy dies, is one of the few methods that can meet the precision requirements in industrial fields such as automobile manufacturing. However, the usability of the method is limited by the low strength of the soft base. The current study proposes a new structure of zinc-based alloy dies for sheet metal forming, where the weak features of the die blocks, such as protruding edges, are reinforced by selective laser melting (SLM) steel inlays imbedded during solid–liquid compound casting. A technical route for fabricating the new tools was developed, and a W-shaped part was formed using an SUS304 sheet with a thickness of 0.32 mm and an Al6061 sheet with a thickness of 1 mm to validate the concept. The experiment and simulation results proved that clearer localized features, such as a smaller radius, can be formed on the workpiece with the reinforcement of steel inlays, while the springback is smaller and the abrasion resistance of the tool is higher. This method can improve the forming quality and durability of traditional soft tools in a convenient and affordable way.