bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Costs of attributable burden disease to PM2.5 ambient air pollution exposure in Medellín, Colombia, 2010–2016
Authors: Nieto-López Emmanuel , Grisales-Romero Hugo , Montealegre-Hernández Nora , Lopera-Velásquez Verónica , Piñeros-Jiménez Juan Gabriel 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The impact of PM2.5 ambient air pollution exposure on morbimortality has been documented; however, for Latin American cities, there are no calculations of the economic burden. The objective of the study was to estimate the costs of attributable burden disease to PM2.5 ambient air pollution exposure in Medellín, Colombia. Methods: The costs were assessed using the cost-of-illness approach and the human capital approach, which include direct medical costs and indirect costs due to loss of productivity. To estimate the value of the lost years of production the salaries established in the Great Integrated Household Survey carried out in September 2016 by the National Administrative Department of Statistics of Colombia were used. The PYWL were calculated taking as a reference the 57 years to age of death for female and 62 years for male. For both, an alternative scenario was proposed to account for the cost of working years by changing the reference age to 80 years. Results: A total of 5540 potential years of working life lost due to premature deaths attributed to exposure to PM2.5 was calculated. The costs of attributable morbimortality to PM2.5 exposure in Medellín totaled 86,0 million dollars in baseline scenario and 281,2 million dollars in alternative scenario. Which represented 0.091% of the gross domestic product of Colombia and 0.627% of that from the Department of Antioquia. The highest percentage of the costs associated with the loss of productivity originated in the premature death of the population over 50 years of age, both due to chronic and acute events. Discussion: The costs of mortality represented 80% of the total. PM2.5 ambient air pollution exposure generates significant costs associated with the loss of years of working life, due to acute infections and chronic diseases of respiratory tract and ischemic heart diseases
Personality typologies of smokers and excessive drinkers: a cross-sectional survey of respondents in the BBC Lab UK Study
Authors: Perski Olga , Nikiel Astrid , Brown Jamie , Shahab Lion 
Published: January 2022

Background: Several personality traits have been linked to addictive behaviours, including smoking and excessive drinking. We hypothesised that the combination of low conscientiousness, high extraversion and high neuroticism would be synergistically associated with smoking, excessive drinking and both behaviours combined. Methods: Respondents aged 16+ years (N=363,454) were surveyed between 2009-2013 as part of the BBC Lab UK Study, with no restrictions on geographical location. Respondents provided information about sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, and smoking and alcohol consumption. A series of multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: No significant three-way but significant two-way interactive effects were observed. The association of high extraversion with smoking was more pronounced in those with high (vs. low) conscientiousness (ORadj=1.51, 95% CI=1.46, 1.56, p<.001; ORadj=1.38, 95% CI=1.35, 1.42, p<.001). The association of high extraversion with excessive drinking was more pronounced in those with low (vs. high) conscientiousness (ORadj=1.70, 95% CI=1.67, 1.74, p<.001; ORadj=1.60, 95% CI=1.56, 1.63, p<.001). The association of high extraversion with both behaviours combined was more pronounced in those with high (vs. low) conscientiousness (ORadj=1.74, 95% CI=1.65, 1.83, p<.001; ORadj=1.62, 95% CI= 1.56, 1.68, p<.001). Results remained largely robust in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In a large international survey, we identified two-way ‘personality typologies’ that are associated with greater odds of smoking, excessive drinking and both behaviours combined. The results may be useful for the tailoring of behaviour change interventions to at-risk individuals.
METHODS FOR MONITORING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE SUSPENSION OF VEHICLE UNDER OPERATING CONDITIONS
Authors: Tikhov-Tinnikov Dmitry A. 
Published: January 2022

Suspension faults can reduce wheel traction and therefore reduce vehicle stability. Existing diagnostic methods for the suspension do not take into account the stability of the vehicle. To control stability, it is proposed to use road and bench methods, characterized by suspension vibrations and constant lateral force. Theoretical studies were carried out using mathematical models based on the description of the functioning of sprung and unsprung vehicle masses, as well as elastic tires. Experimental studies include bench tests of tires, shock absorbers and silent blocks of various technical conditions, as well as road studies of the kinematic parameters of the M1 category vehicle. As a result, a road method for monitoring the technical condition of shock absorbers was developed, taking into account their influence on stability indicators.
Purpose – Theoretical substantiation and experimental confirmation of the method for diagnosing suspension systems by parameters related to the stability of the vehicle movement.
Methodology includes experimental methods, mathematical modeling methods and numerical methods for solving differential equations.
Results: experimental methods and mathematical apparatus were developed to study the influence of the parameters of the suspension system on the stability of the movement of vehicles.
Practical implications: the results can be used by organizations and institutions involved in the development of diagnostic methods for vehicles.
Impact of Information Asymmetry and Limited Production Capacity on Business Interruption Insurance
Authors: Kao Yuan-Mao , Keskin N. Bora , Shang Kevin 
Published: January 2022

We consider a firm that faces a potential disruption in its normal operations can purchase business interruption (BI) insurance from an insurer to guard against the disruption risk. The firm makes demand forecasts and can put a recovery effort if a disruption occurs; both are unobservable to the insurer. Accordingly, the insurer offers BI insurance to the firm while facing adverse selection and moral hazard. We first find that, because of the joint effect of limited production capacity and self-impelled recovery effort, the firm with a lower demand forecast benefits more from BI insurance than that with a higher demand forecast. Anticipating a higher premium, the low-demand firm has an incentive to pretend to have the higher demand forecast to obtain more profit. We then derive the optimal insurance contracts to deal with the information asymmetry and show how the firm’s characteristics affect the optimal contracts. Both high- and low-demand contracts are affected by the firm’s operational characteristics in the same direction, and the informational characteristics impact those contracts differently. We also analyze the case in which the firm can choose its initial capacity and find that, from the firm’s perspective, capacity and BI insurance could be either substitutes or complements. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Tractable Term Structure Models
Authors: Feunou Bruno , Fontaine Jean-Sébastien , Le Anh , Lundblad Christian 
Published: January 2022

We introduce a new framework that facilitates term structure modeling with both positive interest rates and flexible time series dynamics but that is also tractable, meaning amenable to quick and robust estimation. Using both simulations and U.S. historical data, we compare our approach with benchmark Gaussian and stochastic volatility models as well as a shadow rate model that enforces positive interest rates. Our approach, which remains arbitrarily close to arbitrage free, offers a more accurate characterization of bond Sharpe ratios because of a better fit of the volatility dynamics and a more efficient estimation of the return dynamics. Further, the shadow rate and stochastic volatility models exhibit important restrictions that are largely absent in our approach. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4214 .
Construção do significado de espiritualidade no processo de morte para a equipe de enfermagem oncológica
Authors: Monteiro Thayenne Barrozo Mota , Amorim Thaís Vasconselos , Porto Adrize Rutz , Carbogim Fábio Da Costa , Ferreira Márcia De Assunção , Thofehrn Maira Buss 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: construir o significado de espiritualidade para a equipe de enfermagem diante do processo de morte de pacientes oncológicos. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado em um hospital oncológico, referência na prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento de câncer de Juiz de Fora, com a participação de 12 profissionais de enfermagem. O método se desenvolveu por entrevista estruturada na primeira etapa, e semiestruturada na terceira; entre elas, a segunda que se desenvolveu por leitura reflexiva sobre um texto com o tema da pesquisa. A análise foi de conteúdo temático. Resultados: o sentido da morte expressa descanso do corpo físico, um processo conflituoso e difícil de lidar; a espiritualidade confere sentido à vida; a integralidade da assistência abarca estratégias de cuidado associadas à espiritualidade. Considerações finais: o significado de espiritualidade a evidencia como única, sentida, vivencial, contributiva para o bem-estar humano; reflete em conforto, melhor aceitação da morte e em estratégia terapêutica humanística.
Impacto na saúde mental e qualidade do sono de profissionais da enfermagem durante pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Maier Michele Do Rocio , Kanunfre Carla Cristine 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e qualidade do sono de profissionais da enfermagem na pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo quali-quantitativo realizado com 104 profissionais de um hospital privado do Paraná, Brasil, em julho de 2020. Utilizaram-se três instrumentos para a coleta de dados: Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse (DASS-21), Questionário de Avaliação do Sono Leeds (LSEQ) e Índice da Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Resultados: foram encontrados 48% sinais de depressão, 52% sinais de ansiedade e 52% sinais de estresse nos profissionais. Quanto à qualidade de sono, 75% da população apresentou distúrbios do sono, 68% relatam insônia com uma média do PSQI de 6,88. Conclusão: apesar do percentual de profissionais com distúrbio do sono e estresse apresentarem-se inferiores comparados à literatura, os níveis de ansiedade, insônia e depressão foram maiores, corroborando com o impacto da pandemia na saúde mental de profissionais da enfermagem.
Empoderamento estrutural de enfermeiros atuantes em pronto socorro: estudo de método misto
Authors: Torquetti Andressa Bonfada , Camponogara Silviamar , Schneider Fabiéli Vargas Muniz , Freitas Etiane De Oliveira , Moura Lenize Nunes , Miorin Jeanini Dalcol 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: avaliar o empoderamento estrutural de enfermeiros atuantes em pronto socorro. Método: estudo de método misto, realizado entre fevereiro e junho de 2019, em pronto socorro de hospital universitário no Sul do Brasil. Os dados quantitativos foram coletados com 21 enfermeiros, por meio da ficha de caracterização sociodemográfica e do Questionário de Condições de Eficácia no Trabalho II e submetidos a análise estatística descritiva. Os qualitativos foram obtidos a partir de entrevista semi-estruturada, com 14 enfermeiros e analisados mediante análise de conteúdo. Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: os enfermeiros possuem um nível moderado de empoderamento estrutural (18,06±dp 0,9). Destacaram-se aspectos que influenciaram, como: acesso parcial a suporte, poder formal e informal, participação em projetos, insuficiência de recursos materiais, humanos, tempo e suporte organizacional. Conclusão: o empoderamento estrutural no ambiente de trabalho dos enfermeiros permite o desenvolvimento e desempenho profissional dentro do ambiente laboral.
Tasy e o ensino em saúde
Authors: Pissaia Luís Felipe , Rehfeldt Márcia Jussara Hepp , Costa Arlete Eli Kunz da , Moreschi Claudete 
Published: January 2022

Este estudo objetiva descrever as contribuições do software Tasy no ensino da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem. Em suma, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, a qual teve como participantes trinta e um estudantes do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade do Vale do Taquari. Todos os participantes estavam matriculados nas disciplinas destacadas, durante o primeiro semestre de 2018. O instrumento de levantamento de informações deste estudo foi o diário de campo do pesquisador que esteve presente durante as 20 horas aula da pesquisa, sendo que todos os achados foram reunidos em pontos focais compatíveis e categorizados com aproximações da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que os participantes consideram o Tasy como um facilitador na realização da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem. Eles destacam suas funcionalidades, como a de prontuário, do registro de informações e, por consequente, qualificador da assistência oferecida ao cliente. Pontua-se nos achados, a facilidade em utilizar o software na aplicação da assistência de enfermagem, reforçando a necessidade em tê-lo nos diferentes serviços de saúde. Observou-se também que o software possibilitou a realização eficaz e integral da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem, estimulando a construção entre a teoria e a prática. Deste modo, também foram pontuados a eficácia do software, enquanto modelo de gestão em saúde e ferramenta eficaz para a comunicação entre as equipes.
Distanciamento social durante a pandemia de COVID-19: Impactos no cotidiano acadêmico e na saúde mental de estudantes de terapia ocupacional
Authors: Constantinidis Teresinha Cid , Matsukura Thelma Simões 
Published: January 2022

Diante a pandemia da COVID-19, estudantes universitários foram sujeitos à suspensão das aulas presenciais, impedindo o convívio acadêmico, trazendo preocupações quanto às atividades práticas e ao tempo de formação, podendo conduzir a uma vulnerabilidade da saúde mental destas pessoas. Estudos anteriores ao período pandêmico trazem o grupo de estudantes de terapia ocupacional afetado em prejuízos a sua saúde mental. Este estudo objetivou conhecer os impactos do período de pandemia COVID-19 e distanciamento social no percurso acadêmico e no cotidiano de estudantes de terapia ocupacional, assim como os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse entre este grupo de jovens. Participaram 235 estudantes de terapia ocupacional de universidades de todo o país, que responderam formulário on-line, composto de Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas em Terapia Ocupacional (QUESVATO) e de Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, (DASS-21). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente e por meio do software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados indicam como fatores desencadeantes de sofrimento emocional/psíquico a falta do cotidiano acadêmico pré pandemia, preocupação com as atividades acadêmicas, dificuldade de acompanhamento do ensino remoto, preocupação financeira e com familiares. Os índices de depressão, ansiedade e stress apresentados por estes/estas estudantes são relacionados ao momento de isolamento social e suas repercussões. Foi apontada a importância do rastreamento de estados emocionais, assim como limites e possibilidades no acompanhamento de aulas nas modalidades síncronas e assíncronas utilizadas no ensino remoto emergencial, para o planejamento e elaboração de plano de cuidado, e prestação de assistência psicossocial, aos/ às estudantes.
Sub-pixel dimensional and vision measurement method of eccentricity for annular parts
Authors: Fang Yuntao , Wang Xiaodong , Xin Yunpeng , Luo Yi 
Published: January 2022

Eccentricity measurement of annular parts with millimeter scale and micrometer precision requirements is widely used in mechanical engineering applications. To realize accurate eccentricity measurement for large-scaled annular parts, a vision-based and sub-pixel dimensional measurement method is proposed. First, to facilitate the eccentricity measurement, an improved auto focus algorithm is introduced to provide better focused images of the measured parts. Then the traditional Canny operator is modified in gradient direction calculation and a double threshold process to locate the pixel edge more accurately. Next, a model-based sub-pixel edge detection method is studied to extract the sub-pixel edge coordinates. Finally, the eccentricity is calculated according to these sub-pixel edge coordinates. To guarantee measurement accuracy, the pixel equivalent and manual installation error of three degree of freedom (DOF) stages are calibrated, and the verification experiments indicate that the measurement error of the proposed method is better than 1.0 µm.
Combined LIBS and Raman spectroscopy: an approach for salinity detection in the field of seawater investigation
Authors: Fan Yansheng , Xue Yuanyuan , Wang Yiping , Liu Runze , Zhong Shilei 
Published: January 2022

As salinity is an important indicator in marine geology, ecology, breeding, and other fields, accurate, rapid, and continuous measurement of salinity is of great significance in marine investigations. At present, the seawater salinity detection methods used in practice are mainly based on the principle that the conductivity and refractive index parameters of the water change with the concentration of elements, which are composed of salinity change. However, these methods quantitatively analyze salinity values by measuring other parameters (electrical or optical parameters) that may change depending on the salinity of the water, rather than the mass fraction of the components that make up the salinity. Moreover, when the salinity value of seawater water changes substantially or the proportion of various common components composing salinity changes significantly, the detection accuracy of the above methods is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, a spectral approach, LIBS, and the Raman spectroscopy combination method for salinity analyzation, LRSS, were proposed to provide a new option. The main idea of this approach is to use the two spectral detection methods, LIBS and Raman, to determine the mole values of cations and non-monatomic anions in per unit quality (1 kg) of water, respectively. Then the mole value of the chloride ion, which is the main monatomic anion in seawater, can be determined according to the electrically neutral principle. Based on all the obtained molar values and the molar mass of each ion, the salinity of the water sample can be determined. To demonstrate the performance of this new method, we compared it with LIBS under laboratory conditions and found that, when non-monatomic anions are present in the water, the accuracy of LRSS is significantly improved compared to using the LIBS method alone. Moreover, we also compared the LRSS with the other two traditional methods through the 11 water samples configured and found that the absolute value relative error of the LRSS is only 2.63% when the salinity and components concentration change is in the possible range, which is better than the conductivity method 0.53 times and better than the refractive index method 1.52 times.
Blended Health Coaching for Work-linked Couples: Coaches’ Intervention Fidelity and Empathy Matter!
Authors: Busch Christine , Dreyer Romana , Janneck Monique 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSmall business owners often work together with their spouses in their business. They blur work-life boundaries and find it difficult to psychologically detach from work, which both jeopardize a satisfying work-life balance (WLB). This paper aims to investigate the mechanisms and outcomes of a coaching intervention for couples to foster their detachment and WLB. We study the role of coaches’ intervention fidelity and empathy. A blended coaching format was chosen, i.e., we combined face-to-face with tele-sessions and online courses, thereby using digitalization to keep the coaching flexible to the couples’ life situations and for digital support between sessions.Coaches’ behavior in regard to intervention fidelity was observed. Based on these ratings, the clients’ sample (N = 42) was partitioned into two intervention groups (“high intervention fidelity” vs. “low intervention fidelity”) using the adapted study design approach. We also observed coaches’ empathy and assessed clients’ self-reports at different times up to 4 months after the coaching intervention ended regarding the hypothesized mechanisms of change of the coaching concept and coaching outcomes. We also assessed clients’ affinity for technology (ATI) because of the blended format of the coaching.Two-factor ANOVAs with repeated measures showed large effects (d = 1) for detachment (p = .002) and middle effects (d = 0.7) for WLB (p = .042) up to 4 months after the intervention ended without any interaction effect. Only in the “high intervention fidelity” group did the mechanisms of change and ATI (p = .000 top = .036) predict general coaching outcomes 4 months after the coaching ceased. Coaches’ empathy predicted goal attainment (p = .004) in the “high intervention fidelity” group.The couple coaching was highly effective in boosting clients’ detachment and WLB independent of coaches’ intervention fidelity. The assumed change mechanisms of the coaching concept and the ATI were only effective when there was a high degree of intervention fidelity. Coaches should be aware of the conceptual foundations and the core components of their coaching approach.