bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do emotion regulation strategies mediate the attachment–paranoia association? An experimental study of repeated attachment imagery priming and stress buffering
Authors: Sood Monica , Carnelley Katherine B. , Newman‐Taylor Katherine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesParanoia describes unfounded interpersonal threat beliefs. Secure attachment imagery attenuates paranoia, but limited research examines mechanisms of change and no studies examine how secure imagery may be implemented most effectively in clinical practice. In this study, we tested: (a) the causal impact of secure, anxious, and avoidant attachment imagery on paranoia and anxiety, (b) whether emotion regulation strategies mediate these relationships, and (c) whether secure imagery buffers against social stress.DesignWe utilized a longitudinal, experimental design.MethodA general population sample with high non‐clinical paranoia (N = 265) completed measures of paranoia, anxiety, and emotion regulation strategies. Participants were randomly allocated to secure, anxious, or avoidant conditions and repeated an imagery prime for four days prior to a social stress task.ResultsRelative to anxious and avoidant imagery, secure imagery decreased state paranoia and anxiety. These associations were not mediated by state emotion regulation strategies, and secure imagery did not buffer against stress. Exploratory analyses on trait variables revealed that: (a) hyperactivating strategies mediated the association between attachment anxiety and paranoia, and (b) suppression mediated the association between attachment avoidance and paranoia.ConclusionsSecure attachment imagery reduces state paranoia and anxiety and could be incorporated into psychotherapies to attenuate clinical paranoia. Measurement of state emotion regulation was problematic. Attachment imagery does not buffer stress; further research is required to test whether secure imagery facilitates recovery from stress. Attachment style is likely to account for trait paranoia via attachment‐congruent emotion regulation strategies. Research is now needed to determine if these strategies can be targeted to alleviate paranoia in clinical populations.
Profile of pediatric vitiligo in India
Authors: Mendiratta Vibhu , Meena Amit Kumar , Samudrala Suvarna , Yadav Anuja 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe analyzed the records of 211 pediatric patients with vitiligo. 57.8% of patients were females and 42.2% were males. Leukotrichia and family history were present in 29.4% and 15.6% of patients, respectively, while 39.3% of patients had anemia. Elevated thyroid‐stimulating hormone and fasting blood glucose levels were seen in 5.2% and 3.3% of patients, respectively. Antinuclear antibody was positive in 12 (5.6%) patients.
Salafist approaches to violence and terrorism: The Indian case study
Authors: Siyech Mohammed Sinan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractContemporary research on Salafism and terrorism often misses out much coming from nations like India where Salafists have an entrenched presence. This article tries to bridge the gap by examining Salafist organisations in India and their approach to violence and terrorism. Relying on fieldwork conducted in three states of India in 2021/2022, primary sources such as videos of various ideologues in Malayalam, Urdu, English, and Kannada as well as secondary sources including available literature on Salafis and violence in India, this article presents a comprehensive understanding of how Indian Salafists have reacted to violence. Tracing the history of Salafism in India to the 19th/20th century in the North and the South, it argues that in the contemporary era, Salafists have institutionally opposed the use of violence to achieve any gains for Islam. This opposition is rooted in Qur'anic injunctions and the Ahadeeth where interpretations supporting non‐violence are both locally produced and inspired externally, especially from Saudi Arabia. This opposition is derived from a range of reasons including their historic presence, participation in the democratic process and fear of reprisal among others. The article thus, makes a significant contribution to Salafism, Islam in India and terrorism studies.
Morphostratigraphy of an active mixed sand–gravel barrier spit (Baie de Somme, northern France)
Authors: Pancrazzi Léo , Weill Pierre , Tessier Bernadette , Le Bot Sophie , Benoit Laurent 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the architectural characterization of a mixed sand‐and‐gravel spit in relation to its multi‐decadal evolution. The spit, located in the Somme estuary in northern France, is a 5 km long sedimentary body made of several amalgamated ridges with a hooked terminus. Flint pebbles originating from the erosion of Cretaceous chalk cliffs and sands reworked from the tidal flat constitute the spit. Aerial photographs demonstrate that the spit formation started in the 1940s and document its growth through time. The architecture of the spit has been characterized by ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) investigation using 400 MHz and 900 MHz antennas. The GPR data are used to distinguish progradational, aggradational and transgressive geometries that are related to cross‐shore and longshore construction, respectively. Three main morpho‐stratigraphic domains characterize the spit from the root to the terminus: (i) a beach‐ridge domain mainly made of progradational structures; (ii) an intermediate domain formed by beach‐drift structures topped by deposits with cross‐shore geometries; and (iii) a spit‐terminus domain mainly composed of beach drift structures which incorporate sand deposits. At the scale of an individual ridge, high‐frequency GPR data indicates five types of sedimentary architectures associated with the evolution from a hook stage to the subsequent elongation stage. The overall development of the barrier spit is the result of complex interactions between wave and storm dynamics, potentially modulated by the variability of submersion time related to the 18.6 year tidal cycle, and anthropogenic activities including groyne construction and gravel reloading.
Examining abortion attitudes in the context of gestational age
Authors: Crawford Brandon L. , LaRoche Kathryn J. , Jozkowski Kristen N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study is to examine how situational abortion attitudes differ when including additional context related to the gestational age of the pregnancy.MethodOrdinary Least Squares Regression models predicting abortion attitudes across four different sets of abortion attitude questions, using data collected from an online panel weighted to match U.S. benchmarks.ResultsLater gestational ages are associated with less support for abortion. Although there is some variation in the amount that support decreases across different socio‐demographic groups, the predictors of abortion attitudes remain relatively stable across gestational ages. Abortion attitudes questions with no reference to weeks' gestation appear to be the most similar to questions referencing early weeks' gestation.ConclusionWhen answering abortion attitude questions that do not include any reference to weeks' gestation, respondents may be more likely to think about abortion early in pregnancy. Including references to weeks' gestation may provide a more nuanced and complete understanding of abortion attitudes.
Lifetime prevalence of malignant and benign tumours in companion dogs: Cross‐sectional analysis of Dog Aging Project baseline survey
Authors: Schwartz Stephen M. , Urfer Silvan R. , White Michelle , Megquier Kate , Shrager Sandi ,   The Dog Aging Project Consortium, Ruple Audrey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough cancer is widely regarded as a major contributor to canine morbidity and mortality, its frequency in companion dogs has only infrequently been characterised. We analysed cross‐sectional data from the baseline survey of owners of 27 541 living companion dogs enrolled in the Dog Aging Project as of 31 December 2020 to estimate the lifetime prevalence of malignant and benign tumours and several potentially‐associated characteristics. Survey questions elicited information on history of ‘cancer or tumors’ including organ site and histologic type. Owners reported 819 malignant tumours (56% sited in the skin, muscle or other soft tissue) and 404 benign tumours (69% sited in the skin, muscle or other soft tissue). The lifetime prevalence of malignant tumours (29.7/1000 dogs) was approximately double the lifetime prevalence of benign tumours (14.7/1000 dogs). Lifetime prevalence of both malignant and benign tumours increased with dog age at survey completion. There were no statistically discernable differences in age‐adjusted lifetime prevalence of malignant (prevalence ratio (PR) = 0.93 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82, 1.07] or benign tumours (PR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.91, 1.34) in mixed vs. purebred dogs. The lifetime prevalence of malignant tumours increased with increasing dog size class; compared to toy and small dogs, the age‐adjusted PRs (95% CIs) for medium, standard, large, and giant dogs were 1.65 (1.28, 2.11), 2.92 (2.35, 3.64), 3.67 (2.92, 4.62) and 2.99 (1.23, 4.02), respectively. Similar though less pronounced patterns in relation to dog size class were observed for benign tumours. Ongoing prospective data collection will permit future studies on risk factors for canine tumour incidence.
Resistivity and pulsatility indexes in feline kidney disease: a systematic review
Authors: Evangelista Gabriela Castro Lopes , Viana Arabela Guedes de Azevedo , Neves Mariana Machado , Reis Emily Correna Carlo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDoppler ultrasonography is used in the evaluation of hemodynamics, and the resistivity (RI) and pulsatility (PI) indexes provide information about resistance to blood flow within a vessel. This systematic review was carried out to evaluate renal RI and PI in clinically healthy and nonsedated cats and as well as their usefulness in the evaluation of kidney disease in cats. An electronic search in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was carried out using the terms “resistive index” or “resistivity index” or “pulsatility index;” “Doppler;” “renal” or “kidney;” and “cat” or “feline” in titles, abstracts, and keywords. Variables of interest related to experimental model features, research methods, and technical resources were extracted from the studies. The methodological quality was assessed with SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Thus, 14 studies involving healthy and sick cats were selected. Interestingly, the upper limits estimated for both RI and PI varied among studies. The upper limits of renal RI for healthy cats varied between 0.64 and 0.72, while for PI, the values varied from 1.06 to 1.29. A limited number of studies evaluated cats with kidney disease. In most studies, RI values of kidneys with different conditions were significantly different from kidneys of healthy animals, indicating that RI values increase with kidney disease. The parameters body weight, heart rate, and age seem to influence the RI values. Standardized studies regarding its realization and description are still necessary to define normal values and analyze its applicability in the clinical diagnostic routine.
Radiographic features of subungual keratoacanthomas in dogs
Authors: O'Toole Chelsea J. , Donovan Taryn A. , Le Roux Alexandre B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSubungual keratoacanthoma (SK) is a digital neoplasm that has rarely been reported in dogs and carries an excellent prognosis following surgical removal. Radiographic features of canine SK have only been briefly discussed in two prior case reports. Both articles described extensive distal phalangeal osteolysis, a feature more commonly associated with malignant digital neoplasms (e.g., subungual squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or melanoma). This retrospective case series aimed to further characterize radiographic findings of histologically confirmed canine SK. Seven dogs met the inclusion criteria, with a total of seven affected digits. All seven digits (100%) had osteolysis of the distal phalanx's ungual process and crest, as well as regional soft tissue swelling. Osteolysis of the ungual process was severe in all cases, with complete destruction in six of seven digits (86%). Partial ungual crest geographic and expansile osteolysis was noted in four of seven digits (57%), while two digits (28%) had complete ungual crest destruction. Seven of seven digits (100%) had a radiographically thickened claw, and two of seven digits (28%) had associated lysis of the distal aspect of the middle phalanx. Based on these findings, an osteolytic subungual mass should not be considered pathognomonic for malignant neoplasia. Observing the imaging features previously described should prompt veterinarians to consider SK as a differential diagnosis.
Can NSI affect non-local correlations in neutrino oscillations?
Authors: Yadav Bhavna , Sarkar Trisha , Dixit Khushboo , Alok Ashutosh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon-local correlations in entangled systems are usually captured by measures such as Bell’s inequality violation. It was recently shown that in neutrino systems, a measure of non-local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) can be considered as a stronger measure of non-local correlations as compared to the Bell’s inequality violation. In this work, we analyze the effects of non standard interaction (NSI) on these measures in the context of two flavour neutrino oscillations for DUNE, MINOS, T2K, KamLAND, JUNO and Daya Bay experimental set-ups. We find that even in the presence of NSI, Bell’s inequality violation occurs in the entire energy range whereas the NAQC violation is observed only in some specific energy range justifying the more elementary feature of NAQC. Further, we find that NSI can enhance the violation of NAQC and Bell’s inequality parameter in the higher energy range of a given experimental set-up; these enhancements being maximal for the KamLAND experiment. However, the possible enhancement in the violation of the Bell’s inequality parameter over the standard model prediction can be up to 11% whereas for NAQC it is 7%. Thus although NAQC is a comparatively stronger witness of nonclassicality, it shows lesser sensitivity to NSI effects in comparison to the Bell’s inequality parameter.
Dynamical stability analysis of accelerating f(T) gravity models
Authors: Duchaniya L. K. , Lohakare Santosh V. , Mishra B. , Tripathy S. K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we have emphasized the stability analysis of the accelerating cosmological models obtained in f(T) gravity theory. The behaviour of the models based on the evolution of the equation of state parameter shows phantom-like behaviour at the present epoch. The scalar perturbation technique is used to create the perturbed evolution equations, and the stability of the models has been demonstrated. Also, we have performed the dynamical system analysis for both the models. In the two specific f(T) gravity models, three critical points are obtained in each model. In each model, at least one critical point has been observed to be stable.
Excited states of spin-(3/2) doubly-heavy baryons within the QCD sum rules method
Authors: Alrebdi H. I. , Alnahdi R. F. , Barakat T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWithin the framework of the QCD sum rules method, the masses and pole residues of the excited states 2S and 1P of the doubly-heavy spin-(3/2) baryons $$\Xi _{cc}^*$$

Ξ

cc

∗

, $$\Xi _{bb}^*$$

Ξ

bb

∗

, $$\Xi _{bc}^*$$

Ξ

bc

∗

, $$\Omega _{cc}^*$$

Ω

cc

∗

, $$\Omega _{bb}^*$$

Ω

bb

∗

, and $$\Omega _{bc}^*$$

Ω

bc

∗

are investigated. The excited state masses and pole residues are predicted with reasonable accuracy. We expect that soon, the current predictions can be tested against future experimental data.
A Debugging Game for Probabilistic Models
Authors: Debbi Hichem 
Published: May 2022

One of the major advantages of model checking over other formal methods is its ability to generate a counterexample when a model does not satisfy is its specification. A counterexample is an error trace that helps to locate the source of the error. Therefore, the counterexample represents a valuable tool for debugging. In Probabilistic Model Checking (PMC), the task of counterexample generation has a quantitative aspect. Unlike the previous methods proposed for conventional model checking that generate the counterexample as a single path ending with a bad state representing the failure, the task in PMC is completely different. A counterexample in PMC is a set of evidences or diagnostic paths that satisfy a path formula, whose probability mass violates the probability threshold.
Counterexample generation is not sufficient for finding the exact source of the error. Therefore, in conventional model checking, many debugging techniques have been proposed to act on the counterexamples generated to locate the source of the error. In PMC, debugging counterexamples is more challenging, since the probabilistic counterexample consists of multiple paths and it is probabilistic. In this article, we propose a debugging technique based on stochastic games to analyze probabilistic counterexamples generated for probabilistic models described as Markov chains in PRISM language. The technique is based mainly on the idea of considering the modules composing the system as players of a reachability game, whose actions contribute to the evolution of the game. Through many case studies, we will show that our technique is very effective for systems employing multiple components. The results are also validated by introducing a debugging tool called GEPCX (Game Explainer of Probabilistic Counterexamples).
HSP90 Mediates IFNγ-Induced Adaptive Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Ke , Huang Jun , Liu Jiao , Li Changfeng , Kroemer Guido , Tang Daolin , Kang Rui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Constitutive or acquired resistance is a major problem limiting the clinical success of anticancer immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Here, we report that the molecular chaperone HSP90 is a key mediator of IFNγ-induced adaptive immune resistance. An unbiased screen of 17 cancer cell lines or primary cancer cells identified novel metabolic agents, especially HSP90 inhibitors, that blocked the upregulation of immune checkpoints (IDO1 and PD-L1) induced by IFNγ. Subsequent quantitative mass spectrometry combined with functional rescue analysis revealed that IFNγ-induced immune checkpoint expression requires increased protein stability of the transcription factor STAT1, mediated by the HSP90–SUGT1 chaperone complex. Expression of dominant-negative HSP90 (D88N) resulted in inhibition of STAT1-mediated IFNγ signaling. The upregulation of IDO1 in cancer cells acted as an immunosuppressive feedback mechanism to limit the proliferation and function of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes through iron-dependent kynurenine production and subsequent TSPAN5-mediated kynurenine secretion. The effectiveness and safety of combinations of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with iron chelation or pharmacologic inhibitors of HSP90 or IDO1 was confirmed in xenograft, orthotopic, and transgenic mouse models of pancreatic cancer. These findings support the rationale for future clinical trials in which widely used immunotherapies are combined with additional molecules that intercept resistance by iron chelation, IDO1 inhibition, or HSP90 neutralization.

Significance:
This study reveals an HSP90-centric, iron-modulated mechanism that confers immunosuppression, offering potential therapeutic targets for interfering with acquired resistance to the most prevalent anticancer immunotherapies.
Plasticity Enables Cooperation among Heterogeneous Cancer Cell Populations to Support Metastatic Fitness
Authors: LeBleu Valerie S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The invasive progression of cancer known as metastasis remains strongly associated with morbidity and lethality. New meaningful therapeutic interventions could be derived from a better understanding of the underlying processes driving cancer cell seeding and proliferation at secondary sites. Emerging findings regarding the heterogeneity of cancer cells observed in metastases have led us to revisit concepts surrounding metastatic fitness. Novel model systems to study the markers of cancer stem cell plasticity and their evolution during metastatic growth have uncovered that dynamic and heterogeneous cancer cell populations are observed during metastatic disease progression. Heinz and colleagues studied the heterogeneity of colorectal carcinomas, where primary tumors evolve alongside an epithelium well characterized for its self-renewing stem cell population. Their work revealed a functional dynamic interplay in the organization of the metastatic lesions as they transition from stagnating to expanding nodules, wherein the heterogeneous mixture of cancer cell stem cells with more differentiated cancer cells is essential for metastatic outgrowth. Their work supports that dynamic YAP signaling enables the growth-permissive heterogeneous composition of the metastatic nodule, in contrast with growth-restricted homogeneous compositions.
See related article by Heinz et al., p. 1953
Telaglenastat plus Everolimus in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II ENTRATA Trial
Authors: Lee Chung-Han , Motzer Robert , Emamekhoo Hamid , Matrana Marc , Percent Ivor , Hsieh James J. , Hussain Arif , Vaishampayan Ulka , Liu Sandy , McCune Steven , Patel Vijay , Shaheen Montaser , Bendell Johanna , Fan Alice C. , Gartrell Benjamin A. , Goodman Oscar B. , Nikolinakos Petros G. , Kalebasty Arash Rezazadeh , Zakharia Yousef , Zhang Zhentao , Parmar Hema , Akella Lalith , Orford Keith , Tannir Nizar M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Glutaminase is a key enzyme, which supports elevated dependency of tumors on glutamine-dependent biosynthesis of metabolic intermediates. Dual targeting of glucose and glutamine metabolism by the mTOR inhibitor everolimus plus the oral glutaminase inhibitor telaglenastat showed preclinical synergistic anticancer effects, which translated to encouraging safety and efficacy findings in a phase I trial of 2L+ renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This study evaluated telaglenastat plus everolimus (TelaE) versus placebo plus everolimus (PboE) in patients with advanced/metastatic RCC (mRCC) in the 3L+ setting (NCT03163667).

Patients and Methods:
Eligible patients with mRCC, previously treated with at least two prior lines of therapy [including ≥1 VEGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)] were randomized 2:1 to receive E, plus Tela or Pbo, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS; one-sided α &lt;0.2).

Results:
Sixty-nine patients were randomized (46 TelaE, 23 PboE). Patients had a median three prior lines of therapy, including TKIs (100%) and checkpoint inhibitors (88%). At median follow-up of 7.5 months, median PFS was 3.8 months for TelaE versus 1.9 months for PboE [HR, 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34–1.20; one-sided P = 0.079]. One TelaE patient had a partial response and 26 had stable disease (SD). Eleven patients on PboE had SD. Treatment-emergent adverse events included fatigue, anemia, cough, dyspnea, elevated serum creatinine, and diarrhea; grade 3 to 4 events occurred in 74% TelaE patients versus 61% PboE.

Conclusions:
TelaE was well tolerated and improved PFS versus PboE in patients with mRCC previously treated with TKIs and checkpoint inhibitors.