bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENDETEKSI PEMAKAIAN MASKER MENGGUNAKAN WEBCAM SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI PADANG
Authors: Busran Busran 
Published: May 2022

Pemakaian masker disaat pandemi COVID-19 merupakan hal yang menjadi syarat dalam protokol kesehatan seseorang jika igin bepergian keluar rumah, seperti ke kantor, kampus dan ketempat keramaian lainnya. Dengan menggunakan masker dapat menggurangi penyebaran COVID-19. Di Institut Teknologi Padang, pendeteksian pemakaian masker dilakukan secara manual oleh petugas keamanan sewaktu memasuki kampus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengimplementasikan pendeteksian wajah dalam penggunaan masker untuk keperluan protokol kesehatan. Pendeteksian masker dilakukan dengan kamera. Dalam penggambilan wajah menggunakan kamera dilakukan secara real time. Gambar yang diambil akan dikonversikan ke grayscale tujuannya menghindari bit-bit yang tidak diperlukan. Setelah didapatkan grayscale selanjutnya grayscale ini dikonversikan menjadi bentuk data. Data yang didapatkan akan dicocokan dengan data yang ada pada harcascade wajah. Apabila data harcascade wajah sama dengan data yang sudah dikonversikan dari grayscale tadi maka dianggap wilayah tersebut ada wajah. Adanya wajah, maka dilanjutkan pada bagian hidung, data yang didapat akan dicocokan dengan harcascade hidung. Apabila hidung tertutup maka dianggap menggunakan masker. Sebaliknya hidung terdeteksi maka tidak menggunakan masker. Penelitian ini membuat prototype alat yang bekerja dalam mendeteksi masker sesuai syarat protokol kesehatan.
The Influence of Pore Structure of the Core-Scale Fracture-Controlled Matrix Unit on Imbibition: Model Construction and Definition of the Fractal Coefficient
Authors: Liu Qiang , Liu Jianjun , Liang Bing , Sun Weiji , He Jie , Lei Yun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Imbibition oil recovery plays an important role in the development of low-permeability fractured reservoirs. However, the effects of the complex pore structure of the matrix on imbibition have not been considered comprehensively at different scales in the scientific literature. This paper reports a study of the mechanisms of influence of different matrix pores on imbibition recovery ratio and defines the concept of a fractal coefficient using the method of combining numerical simulation at the core scale with mathematical methods at a pore scale. A matrix model with different pore fractal dimensions and tortuosity of the capillary was established using Python language programming. Y-type and S-type were used to characterize the fractures, and a two-dimensional fracture-controlled matrix unit core-scale numerical model with complex pore structures was established. Based on phase field theory, an oil-water two-phase imbibition numerical simulation was conducted. Comparisons of numerical simulation results and microscopic analysis indicated that imbibition recovery ratio was 39.28% and 50.94%, respectively. The imbibition law revealed by the numerical simulation results is consistent with the results of the microscopic imbibition experiment, and the imbibition effect of bifurcated fractures was better than that of simple curved fractures. As the pore fractal dimension and tortuosity of the capillary increased, the imbibition recovery ratio decreased. A comparison of results of the mathematical model demonstrated that there was a difference between the pore scale and core scale because the pore fractal dimension and capillary tortuosity changed dynamically with pore structure at the core scale. Thus, a parameter that characterizes the relative change of pore fractal dimension and tortuosity was defined and called the fractal coefficient. When the skeleton particles are 200, 400, and 500, the fractal coefficient were calculated to be 0.625 and 0.6, respectively, indicating that when the pore structure changes, the imbibition recovery ratio should be dominated by capillary tortuosity.
Multifunctional Biosurfactants with Unusual pH Sensitive Interfacial Behavior for Remediation of Iron and Zinc Sulfide Formation Damage
Authors: Yong Hin Cheong Au , Tooker Kortney , Pham Khanh Van , Arriaga Richard , Mahmoudkhani Amir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Metal sulfide scales are found in several fields in onshore and offshore oil and gas wells around the world. Although there has been some success in the development of sulfide scale inhibitors, significantly high concentration of inhibitor is often required specially to mitigate zinc sulfide. Microbial biosurfactants have an inherent affinity towards different mineral surfaces including sulfides. The unique surface and interfacial properties of these naturally derived products make them potential candidates for development of new products for metal sulfide scale management and control. In this work the properties of sophorolipids and rhamnolipids as dispersion and modification agents for iron and zinc sulfide precipitates were investigated. Surface and interfacial tension behaviors of microbial biosurfactants were measured using a drop shape tensiometer. Accelerated dispersion stability testing were used to determine the efficiency of biosurfactants for dispersing field collected and lab-made iron and zinc sulfides. Fourier transform – infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet – visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was used to determine the mode of interaction of the biosurfactant active sites with metal sulfide surfaces.
The CHALLENGE-trial: the effects of a virtual reality-assisted exposure therapy for persistent auditory hallucinations versus supportive counselling in people with psychosis: study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.
Authors: Smith Lisa Charlotte , Mariegaard Lise , Vernal Ditte Lammers , Christensen Annette Gosvig , Albert Nikolai , Thomas Neil , Hjorthøj Carsten , Glenthøj Louise Birkedal , Nordentoft Merete 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Many patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders continue having distressing auditory hallucinations in spite of treatment with antipsychotic medication. The aim of this trial is to examine the effect of a targeted virtual reality therapy for persistent auditory hallucinations in individuals with psychosis. The trial explores whether this type of therapy can decrease the severity, frequency, and distress of auditory hallucinations and additionally, whether it can reduce clinical symptoms and enhance daily functioning in individuals with psychosis. Methods: The study is a randomised, assessor-blinded parallel-groups superiority clinical trial, allocating a total of 266 patients to either the experimental intervention or supportive counselling. The participants will be randomised to either 1) seven sessions of virtual reality therapy or 2) seven sessions of supportive counselling to be delivered within the first 12 weeks after inclusion in the study. All participants will be assessed at baseline and 12- and 24 weeks post baseline. Independent assessors blinded to treatment allocation will evaluate outcome. The primary outcome is the level of auditory hallucinations measured with The Psychotic Symptoms Rating Scales (PSYRATS-AH) total score at cessation of treatment at 12-weeks. Secondary outcomes are frequency of auditory hallucinations, the distress caused by auditory hallucinations, perceived voice power, patient acceptance of voices, patients’ ability to respond to voices in an assertive way and social and daily function. Discussion: Promising evidence exist of the efficacy of this immersive virtual reality-based therapy for auditory hallucinations, but evidence needs to be established in a large, methodological rigorous trial. If the therapy proves to be beneficial in reducing the severity of refractory auditory hallucinations, a large group of patients with schizophrenia and related disorders could be the target group of this short-term psychotherapeutic intervention.
A method to replace NaCl as a flotation solution for extracting MPs in soil: A case study of the Jiaxing agricultural soil from China
Authors: Liu Yi , Lin Yimiao , Xie Jiafei , Li Penghao , Wang Kewei , Zhou Ying , Wang Pingya , Wu Yichun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become an important global issue in recent years. However, MPs in the soil have received far less attention than those in water. Effective and nondestructive extraction of MPs is important for studying MPs in agricultural soils. This study uses different floatation solutions as experiments and uses MgCl 2 as the floatation solution of the density extraction method. This method can quickly and comprehensively extract MPs in agricultural soil, and is inexpensive and nontoxic. Five types of standard MPs (PE, PP, PS, PVC and PET) are used as the objects of this experiment, and each have two different particle sizes (3 mm and 0.075 mm). The accuracy and precision of the method were verified using standard addition and recovery. The recovery of the two particle sizes was between 90.82% and 109.69%. The extracted standard MPs were then subjected to IR and Raman spectroscopic analysis, and the results showed that Raman spectroscopy was more suitable for the identification of the extracted MPs. Finally, this method collected and verified a vast number of soil samples and further analyzed the abundance and characteristics of the collected MPs. The results show that the use of MgCl 2 as the floatation solution of the density extraction method to extract MPs from the soil may be an alternative to the current NaCl method.
Long-term exercise training down-regulates m6A RNA demethylase FTO expression in the hippocampus and hypothalamus: An effective intervention for epigenetic modification
Authors: Liu Shu-Jing , Cai Tong-Hui , Fang Chun-Lu , Lin Shao-Zhang , Yang Wen-Qi , Wei Yuan , Zhou Fu , Liu Ling , Luo Yuan , Guo Zhi-Yi , Zhao Ge , Li Ya-Ping , Li Liang-Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Exercise boosts the health of some brain parts, such as the hippocampus and hypothalamus. Several studies show that long-term exercise improves spatial learning and memory, enhances hypothalamic leptin sensitivity, and regulates energy balance. However, the effect of exercise on the hippocampus and hypothalamus is not fully understood. The study aimed to find epigenetic modifications or changes in gene expression of the hippocampus and hypothalamus due to exercise.
Methods
Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sedentary and exercise groups. All mice in the exercise group were subjected to treadmill exercise 5 days per week for 1 h each day. After the 12-week exercise intervention, the hippocampus and hypothalamus tissue were used for RNA-sequencing or molecular biology experiments.
Results
In both groups, numerous differentially expressed genes of the hippocampus (up-regulated: 53, down-regulated:49) and hypothalamus (up-regulated:24, down-regulated:40) were observed. In the exercise group, increased level of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) was observed in the hippocampus and hypothalamus (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) of the hippocampus and hypothalamus were down-regulated in the exercise group (p < 0.001). In addition, the Fto co-expression genes of the mouse brain were studied and analyzed using database to detemine the potential roles of exercise-downregulated FTO in the brain.
Conclusion
The findings demonstrate that long-term exercise might elevates the levels of m6A-tagged transcripts in the hippocampus and hypothalamus via down-regulation of FTO. Hence, exercise might be an effective intervention for epigenetic modification.
Mechanism of zinc alleviating cadmium toxicity in mangrove plant (Kandelia obovata)
Authors: Shan Chen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cadmium pollution is very common in mangrove ecosystem in China, and the pollution situation is serious. Zinc has been used to reduce cadmium accumulation in soil and plants, and phenolic acid metabolism plays an important role in plant response to stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify whether zinc alleviates cadmium toxicity in mangrove plants through phenolic acid metabolism. The cadmium contaminated Kandelia obovata was treated with different concentrations of (80,300,400mg/kg) ZnSO4 in pot experiment. The results showed that the cadmium content and zinc content of Kandelia obovata in its leaves were in the range of 0.077 ~ 0.197mg kg− 1 dw and 90.260 ~ 114.447 mg kg− 1 dw under different zinc treatment concentrations. The synthesis of phenolic acid metabolites such as 4-hydroxy benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid and cinnamic acid increased. Low dose zinc sulfate treatment had significant positive effects on the biomass, phenolic acid metabolization-related enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents of cadmium-contaminated mangrove plants. The results showed that low dose of Zn could enhance the metabolism of phenolic acid and synthesize more phenolic compounds such as hydroxycinnamic acid and hydroxybenzoic acid to increase the antioxidant capacity of mangrove plants.
The Study on Water-richness of Thin Limestone Aquifers in North China Coalfields
Authors: Lv Situ , Zhang Longqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To obtain the evaluation results that are more in line with the water-richness of thin limestone aquifers for ensuring the safety of coal mine production, dewatering test and hydrochemical analysis were conducted on Benxi thin limestone aquifer to explore and quantify the hydraulic connection between the Ordovician limestone aquifer and the thin limestone aquifer in Benxi formation. Based on the characteristics of water-bearing media, such as aquifer thickness, core recovery, flushing fluid consumption and permeability coefficient, the CRITIC weighting method was used to determine the weight of each factor’s influence on the water-richness of thin limestone aquifers, so as to establish the model for evaluating the water-richness of thin limestone aquifer in Benxi formation, and draw the thematic map of the main controlling factors of the aquifers. Then, the information was normalized and superimposed using the multi-source information fusion technology, thereby obtaining the zoning of the aquifer per different water-richness. The evaluation results show that the thin limestone aquifer in Benxi formation can be divided into five areas, i.e. “strong, relatively strong, medium weak, relatively weak and weak ” areas. With a stronger hydraulic connection with the Ordovician limestone aquifer, the northwest part of the research area has a greater water-richness than the southeast part, which was verified by the pumping test carried out in the study area.
Intrusion Detection System: A Comparative Study of Machine Learning-based IDS
Authors: Singh Amit , Prakash Jay , Kumar Gaurav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a significant rise in the amount of data processed and transferred to any communication network. The use of encrypted data, the diversity of new protocols, and the surge in the number of malicious activities worldwide have posed new challenges for Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). In this scenario, existing signature-based IDS are not performing well. Various researchers have proposed machine learning-based IDS to detect unknown malicious activities based on behaviour patterns. Results have shown that machine learning-based IDS perform better than signature-based IDS (SIDS) in identifying new malicious activities in the communication network. In this paper, we have analyzed the IDS dataset that contains the most current common attacks and evaluated the performance of network intrusion detection systems by adopting two data resampling techniques and ten machine learning classifiers. It has been observed that the top three IDS models KNeighbors, XGBoost and AdaBoost outperform in binary-class classification with 99.49%, 99.14% and 98.75% accuracy, and XGBoost, KNneighbors, and GaussianNB outperform in multi-class classification with 99.30%, 98.88% and 96.66% accuracy, respectively.
Endometrial stem cell-derived exosomes repair cisplatin-induced premature ovarian failure via Hippo/YAP pathway
Authors: Wang Lijun , Wang Lihui , Wang Rongli , Xu Ting , Wang Jingyuan , Cui Zhiwei , Cheng Feiyan , Wang Wei , Yang Xinyuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Stem cells have been documented as a new therapeutic method for ovarian injuries such as premature ovarian failure (POF). However, effects of exosomes (Exos) derived from human endometrial stem cells (EnSCs) on diminished ovarian failure remain to be carefully elucidated. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the mechanisms of EnSC-Exos is related to Hippo signal pathway in the recovery of the cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury model in vitro and the POF mice model in vivo.
Methods
Exosomes derived from human EnSCs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified by electron microscopy and western blot (WB) analysis, stained by PKH26, respectively. The mechanism involving suppression of Hippo signaling pathway and activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) was investigated for evaluating EnSC-Exos therapeutic effects in the cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury model in vitro using flow cytometry, WB, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence and EdU staining. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, ELISA and immunohistochemistry analysis were used for evaluating EnSC-Exos therapeutic effects in POF mice model.
Results
We established successful construction of the cisplatin-induced granulosa cell injury model and evaluated Hippo signaling pathway activation in cisplatin-damaged granulosa cells (GCs). Furthermore, laser scanning confocal microscope and immunofluorescence demonstrated that EnSC-Exos can be transferred to cisplatin-damaged GCs to decrease apoptosis. In addition, the enhanced expression of YAP at the protein level as well as YAP/TEAD target genes, such as CTGF, ANKRD1, and the increase of YAP into the nucleus in immunofluorescence staining after the addition of EnSC-Exos to cisplatin-damaged GCs confirmed the suppression of Hippo signaling, While in vivo, EnSC-Exos successfully remedied POF in mice.
Conclusions
Collectively, our findings suggest that human EnSC-Exos is effective in recovery of ovarian function by chemotherapy-induced POF via activating YAP and inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway. These findings provide new insights for further understanding of EnSC-Exos in the recovery of ovary function.
Outcomes of combined open-door laminoplasty with bilateral lateral mass screw fixation for traumatic unstable multilevel cervical stenosis: A retrospective case study
Authors: Liu Guanyi , Hu Lihua , Gu Yongjie , Ma Weihu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of combined open-door laminoplasty with bilateral lateral mass screw fixation for traumatic unstable multilevel cervical stenosis.
Methods
Data from 11 patients who underwent combined open-door laminoplasty with bilateral lateral mass screw fixation for multilevel cervical stenosis with traumatic cervical instability and spinal cord injury between July 2016 and January 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients treated via the anterior approach and those who did not undergo open-door laminoplasty were excluded. Neurological functional recovery was evaluated using the pre- and postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and Nurick scores.
Results
All patients underwent operative treatment without neurovascular complications. The average duration of follow-up was 26 months (range, 24 to 30 months). The mean JOA score improved from 5.0 ± 2.68 preoperatively to 12.54 ± 4.39 at final follow-up, and the mean JOA recovery rate was 61.5%. The mean Nurick disability score decreased from 3.27 ± 1.42 preoperatively to 1.45 ± 1.21 at final follow-up. Significant neurogenic recovery was indicated by both the JOA score (t=-4.86, p = 0.000) and the Nurick disability score (t = 3.22, p = 0.009). All patients achieved bone union of cervical fractures and fusion at an average of 3.5 weeks postoperatively (range, 12–16 weeks). No patient had segmental instability, laminar collapse, or internal fixation failure on postoperative radiographs.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that combined open-door laminoplasty with lateral mass screw fixation achieves satisfactory cervical function in select patients with traumatic unstable multilevel cervical stenosis and spinal cord injury.
Voter Mobilization and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Overcoming Barriers to Voter Engagement during the 2020 Election Season in St. Louis
Authors: Parker Gary 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Voters in St. Louis, Missouri faced unprecedented challenges amid two critical elections during the 2020 election season. Voters were to determine if the state should opt-in to the Affordable Care Act as well as decide the next President of the United States. With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, mobilizers faces new hurdles to traditional organizing. Public health mandates calling for stay-at-home orders prohibited large public gatherings and in turn, limited access to voters. The response by the State of Missouri to the COVID-19 pandemic was to introduce new voting policies and rules, which caused confusion among voters. Any increase in the administrative burdens creates new barriers voting. As a result, citizens needed to have procedural efficacy, the ability to know how to engage in the democratic process. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 participants, who engaged in voter mobilization within low-income, poverty-impacted communities in St. Louis City and St. Louis County. Subjects identified how they shifted tactics to allow for the health and safety of mobilizers and potential voters. Additionally, policies were identified that would eliminate administrative hurdles placed on voters and shift the burden of facilitating democratic elections to the State. Findings from this study highlight the widening structural barriers and administrative burdens that are inhibiting a straightforward process for engaging in the democratic process of voting and potential policy solutions.
Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis in children: Presentation, diagnosis, outcomes, quality of life
Authors: Tekin Zahide Ekici , Gülleroğlu Nadide Başak , Çelikel Elif , Aydın Fatma , Kurt Tuba , Tekgöz Nilüfer , Sezer Müge , Karagöl Cüneyt , Coşkun Serkan , Kaplan Melike Mehveş , Ekşioğlu Ayşe Secil , Acar Banu Çelikel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeChronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis is a chronic sterile inflammatory condition of the bone. We aimed to describe the clinical and radiographic findings of patients and to evaluate their response to therapy and quality of life. MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 18 patients whose clinical, radiological features and outcomes were reviewed retrospectively. The quality of patients’ life after treatment was compared to healthy controls by using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0. ResultsThe median age of disease onset was 12 (IQR 10-14) years and 11 (61.1%) patients were male. The median follow-up duration was 15 (IQR 12-22) months. The persistent form of chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis was the most common pattern in 15 (83.3%) patients and a recurrent pattern was defined in 3 (16.7%) patients. The lesions were multifocal in all patients and 15 (83.3%) patients had symmetric distribution in whole-body magnetic resonance imaging. The most common sites of arthritis were the knee and sacroiliac joints. Methotrexate was used in 16 (88.9%) patients as first-line therapy. However, some patients were unresponsive to first-line therapy and needed tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors (55.6%) and bisphosphonates (16.7%). We observed remission in only 4 (22.2%) patients and 3 (16.7%) patients were unresponsive. The patients had a significantly poorer quality of life than controls (p=0.005).ConclusionsChronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis is an insidious disease that requires detailed analysis for diagnosis and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging is an effective tool for diagnosis. Despite the advanced treatment, patients with chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis have a poor quality of life.