bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permutation codes over Sylow 2-subgroups $Syl_2(S_{2^n})$ of symmetric groups $S_{2^n}$
Authors: Olshevska V.A. 
Published: January 2022

The permutation code (or the code) is well known object of research starting from 1970s. The code and its properties is used in different algorithmic domains such as error-correction, computer search, etc. It can be defined as follows: the set of permutations with the minimum distance between every pair of them. The considered distance can be different. In general, there are studied codes with Hamming, Ulam, Levensteins, etc. distances.In the paper we considered permutations codes over 2-Sylow subgroups of symmetric groups with Hamming distance over them. For this approach representation of permutations by rooted labeled binary trees is used. This representation was introduced in the previous author's paper. We also study the property of the Hamming distance defined on permutations from Sylow 2-subgroup $Syl_2(S_{2^n})$ of symmetric group $S_{2^n}$ and describe an algorithm for finding the Hamming distance over elements from Sylow 2-subgroup of the symmetric group with complexity $O(2^n)$. The metric properties of the codes that are defined on permutations from Sylow 2-subgroup $Syl_2(S_{2^n})$ of symmetric group $S_{2^n}$ are studied. The capacity and number of codes for the maximum and the minimum non-trivial distance over codes are characterized.
(Ine)quality in Healthcare: a perspective from the accreditation of clinical laboratories in Costa Rica
Authors: Quesada-Yamasaki Daniel , Zeledón-Mayorga Raúl 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Given the relevance of quality-assured laboratory services for health system strengthening and improvement, this study had the objective of exploring the distribution of ISO 15189-accredited and non-accredited laboratories in Costa Rica, in order to identify possible gaps in the fulfillment of its commitment to provide ‘quality healthcare for all’. Methods: Our research was conducted with a descriptive scope and following a quantitative approach. Costa Rica’s Accreditation Body and College of Microbiologists databases were searched to collect data regarding clinical laboratory registration and ISO 15189 accreditation status. Laboratory availability indicators by geographical division were computed with this data. Results: Out of 480 clinical laboratories allowed to operate in Costa Rica as of January 2021, only 5 (about 1%) have been accredited in compliance with ISO 15189, all of which are private and located in the province of San José. Also, laboratory density (in terms of facilities per 100 km2 and per 100 000 population) is heterogeneous among provinces. Clinical laboratory services are more easily available in ‘central’ provinces of the country (e.g. San José and Heredia), where ratios for laboratory density are higher. On the contrary, coastal provinces such as Limón and Puntarenas exhibit low laboratory density ratios, reflecting geographical disparities in access to healthcare. Conclusions: Geographic disparities in the access to clinical laboratory services were observed. This should raise awareness among public health authorities and private healthcare providers regarding the country’s progress in attaining its ‘quality healthcare for all’ commitment.
“UCR 55” variedad de frijol común Mesoamericano de grano negro
Authors: Araya Villalobos Rodolfo , Chaves Barrantes Néstor Felipe , Hernández Fonseca Juan Carlos , Cordero Morales Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Introducción. La deficiencia de fósforo (P) es una de las mayores limitantes para la producción de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), en especial en las regiones tropicales. La dentificación y el uso de cultivares tolerantes es esencial para reducir los costos de producción y la dependencia de los fertilizantes para suplir las necesidades de P. Objetivo. Describir el proceso de desarrollo y características agronómicas de la variedad UCR 55. Materiales y métodos. Esta variedad provino del cruzamiento NAB 44 // ROS 24 / G 13689, realizado en el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical en Colombia. Fue evaluada de 1993 al 2000, por la Universidad de Costa Rica y el Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. El desempeño agronómico y características de UCR 55 se determinaron con base en la evaluación de 6 viveros, 21 ensayos, 7 parcelas de validación y 5 parcelas comerciales, llevados a cabo en 15 localidades de Costa Rica. Resultados. UCR 55 es una variedad de grano negro opaco, con un peso promedio de 19,4 g en 100 semillas. En condiciones experimentales en suelos andisoles, obtuvo un rendimiento mayor a 1200 kg.ha-1 sin la adición de P. El rendimiento de UCR 55 en la etapa de validación fue de una media de 1336 comparado a 1000 kg.ha-1 del testigo comercial Guaymí. Además, UCR 55 rindió hasta 2345 kg.ha-1 en suelos volcánicos (Fraijanes) durante esta fase. UCR 55 posee una arquitectura erecta (tipo II), resistencia (valor ≤3) a Colletotrichum lindemuthianum y resistencia intermedia (valor ≤6) a Pseudocercospora griseola y a Thanatephorus cucumeris. Conclusiones. La adaptación de UCR 55 con suelos pobres en P (<10 ppm) y su resistencia a C. lindemuthianum, la hacen una variedad adecuada para la siembra de frijol en zonas con una altitud superior a 1000 msnm en Costa Rica.
Audição de vozes em população adulta não psiquiátrica: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Borges Luana Ribeiro , Kantorski Luciane Prado , Duro Suele Manjourany Silva , Couto Maria Laura De Oliveira , Souza Thylia Teixeira , Ubessi Liamara Denise 
Published: January 2022

Este estudo é uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que analisou a produção científica acerca da audição de vozes e os fatores relacionados em população adulta não psiquiátrica. Incluiu artigos originais publicados até 2018 nas bases de dados eletrônicas: Sci-Verse Scopus; Web of Science; PubMed e LILACS. Adotaram-se os termos: "voice hearing" OR "voice hearer" OR "voice hearers" OR "hearing voices" como estratégia de busca, resgatando-se 1029 títulos. Identificaram-se 44 artigos para leitura na íntegra, 18 preencheram os critérios para inclusão. Evidências disponíveis mostraram uma variação de 0,8 a 41% de audição de vozes em populações não psiquiátricas. Observou-se que a audição de vozes, assim como outras experiências reconhecidas como psicóticas são vivenciadas por muitas pessoas, com intensidades, frequências e repercussões diferentes na vida de cada uma. Níveis de ansiedade, depressão e trauma na infância, em especial abuso sexual, têm sido discutidos como potenciais fatores relacionados. A presença marcante na literatura do fator traumático como preditor dessas experiências ressalta a necessidade, e evidencia a urgência da superação dos enquadramentos sintomáticos para construção de explicações mais individualizadas para o fenômeno de acolhimento e escuta das histórias de vida em sua singularidade. Além disso, possibilita vislumbrar ações precoces para prevenção de trauma na infância como possível intervenção protetora.
Influence of preparative form on the target efficiency and toxicity of the solid insecticide based on pyrethroid and neonicatinoid
Authors: Tretiakov Andrey V. , Yaroshuk Sergey B. , Markov Vyacheslav F. , Budnik Lyudmila G. 
Published: January 2022

The influence of solid preparative form was studied on the «GET Dry» insecticide based on alpha-cypermethrin and imidacloprid. The target efficiency as acute and residual impact was studied when agent was applied against the bedbugs (Cimex hemipterus), German cockroach (Blatella germanica), common house flies (Musca domestica) and larvae of the leather beetles (Attagenus smirnovi). The agent demonstrated strong acute effect (about 100%) when applied against the cockroaches, bugs, and flies. Moreover, the agent demonstrates the residual impact on the cockroaches, flies, fleas for 45 days, and on the bugs for 30 days. The slight insecticidal activity was observed when the agent was applied against the larvae. We studied toxicity of the agent, LD50, when swallowed (moderately hazardous substances, class III) and when applied to the skin (low-hazard substance, class IV) as well as studied its inhalation hazard according to its volatility С 20 °C, irritant action when applied to the skin (slight) and eye irritation (moderate). Sensibilizing action was not observed.
Variation of the mechanical properties of a soil at different states of saturation
Authors: Muñoz Perez Sócrates Pedro 
Published: January 2022

Introduction This article is the product of the research "Variation of the mechanical properties of a soil at different moisture contents", developed in the city of Arequipa and carried out during the year 2016.
Methodology: To characterize the mechanical properties of a soil according to its saturation state, carrying out 04 unidimensional consolidation tests at different saturation percentages of 0.00%, 65.71%, 80.56% and 100% and 04 direct cutting tests at different saturation percentages of 0.00%, 20%, 40% and 100%. For these tests, unaltered clay samples were extracted.
Results: The results obtained from the mechanical characterization at different degrees of saturation influence the resistance to settlement and shear of the soil. Taking into account that, when comparing both resistances of the soil under study, the resistance to deformation decreased more than the resistance to shear.
Conclusions: Taking into consideration that, when comparing the geotechnical parameters of the soils at each degree of saturation vary considerably, it is important to perform mechanical tests to the soil taking into account the natural moisture and not to test them in their critical or saturated state because their mechanical properties will be different, and this will directly affect the design of the foundations of the structure and therefore in the final cost of it.
A taxonomic study of economics and business genre colonies. A corpus-based analysis of metadiscourse markers in English, French and Spanish
Authors: Gallego Hernández Daniel , Rodríguez Inés Patricia 
Published: January 2022

The COMENEGO (Corpus Multilingüe de Economía y Negocios [Multilingual Economics and Business Corpus]) project aims to compile a corpus that will be freely available online and useful for LSP trainers, translators, trainee translators and translator trainers. The project’s stages include designing a virtual platform for access to the corpus’s texts, and compiling and analysing a pilot corpus to evaluate the proposed text categories, which will be used as a means of filtering searches in the corpus once it is online. Many text classifications are based on prior experience or other classifications and are never empirically validated.
While the classification proposed here draws on previous proposals and observation of the professional and academic arenas, we have also looked to validate it empirically, and it is that validation with which this paper is concerned.
We have used corpus linguistics tools to analyse metadiscourse in three subcorpora (English, French and Spanish), taking Hyland’s (2005) work as a basis in the case of English, to determine if our proposed categories have internal linguistic characteristics that support or confirm their taxonomic validity
Evacuation Behavior and Information Needs of Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand Residents Following the 5 March 2021 Mw 7.3 East Cape Earthquake
Authors: Vinnell Lauren J. , Hudson-Doyle Emma E. , Inch Piata , Tan Marion L. , Becker Julia S. , Johnston David M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
At 2.27 a.m., on 5 March 2021, an Mw 7.3 earthquake occurred approximately 100 km off the East Cape of the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand. This earthquake was felt across the entire country, including in the capital city of Wellington and the surrounding region. Previous work reports varied levels of tsunami evacuation behavior for natural warnings from earthquake shaking. To further explore this behavior, we surveyed residents of the Wellington region about their evacuation decisions following the 5 March East Cape earthquake, their motivations for evacuating or not evacuating, and their immediate information needs. Approximately one-third of those who felt the earthquake, and who were in a tsunami hazard zone, self-evacuated, similar to previous findings following a larger, closer earthquake in 2016. Reasons for evacuating immediately were evenly split over specific awareness of the National Emergency Management Agency’s “Long or strong, get gone” tsunami evacuation advice, general knowledge that earthquakes can trigger tsunami, and social influences. Among those who did not evacuate, common reasons included not receiving an official warning and not believing that the earthquake was strong enough to generate a tsunami. Most people sought information from GeoNet, an official provider of earthquake information, though civil defense and emergency management sources were less used than mainstream news and social media. Along with information about tsunami risk, people tended to seek or want general information about earthquake characteristics such as location and size. Overall, the findings suggest that current public education efforts to encourage people to recognize and act on natural warnings (i.e., earthquake shaking) rather than waiting for official advice should be continued, and that consideration should be given to encouraging the use of official information sources.
Randomized controlled trial of an E-learning program for physiotherapy students to improve the management of rotator cuff related shoulder pain: a study protocol
Authors: Ayberk Bahar , Polat Mine Gülden 
Published: January 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The majority of shoulder complaints are occurred due to rotator cuff pathologies. Although conservative treatments including physiotherapy are acknowledged as the first-line treatment approach in the management of shoulder pain, the uptake of physiotherapy practice is variable. One possible explanation of this could be the poor evidence-based knowledge mobilization to practice. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of an E-learning program on physiotherapy students' knowledge of evidence-based Rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) management and their confidence in applying this care compared to a control group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A randomized controlled study will be carried with 146 fourth-year physiotherapy students. Students will be assigned to one of two groups: E-learning (N=73) or control (N=73). The outcomes will be: (1) RCRSP knowledge and clinical reasoning skills, and (2) self-reported confidence in RCRSP knowledge and clinical reasoning abilities. Both measurements will be held at baseline and post-intervention. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first trial to investigate if a specifically designed E-learning program besides a regular learning curriculum, improves students’ knowledge and self-confidence in the RCRSP management. Enhancing students’ after-graduation readiness to manage patients with RCRSP may help to allow patients access to evidence-informed physiotherapists.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial was registered on clinicalTrials.gov on 17 June 2021 (NCT04952623)<strong></strong></p>
Hypokalemic paralysis due to distal renal tubular acidosis type 1 in patient of mucormycosis on amphotericin B: a case report
Authors: Shah Mohita , Kothari Prafful 
Published: January 2022

A 42-year-old male patient who is a known case of DM and mucormycosis on treatment presented with sudden onset difficulty in moving all 4 limbs followed by decreased depth of respiration for 4 hours. The patient was known case of DM for 10 years and was on OHA for the same, he had history of biopsy diagnosed rhino mucormycosis 4 months ago and was on treatment for the same. On initial examination the tone was hypotonic in all4 limbs along with power of 3+, respiration was shallow and patient was bedridden unable to stand on his own, he was ambulatory 6 days before presenting to hospital. Potassium-1.7 mEq/l, ABGA pH-7.18, HCO3-10 Meq/l, urine osmolality 220 mOsm/l, urine pH-7.0, potassium-to-creatinine rstio (K/Cr)-3.9 mEq/ml, urine K-22 mEq/ml. Distal RTA (dRTA) is the classical form of RTA, being the first described. Distal RTA is characterized by a failure of H+ secretion into lumen of nephron by the alpha intercalated cells of the medullary collecting duct of the distal nephron. This failure of acid secretion may be due to a number of causes, and it leads to an inability to acidify the urine to a pH of less than 5.3. This case study enumerates the potentially dangerous side effects of amphotericin B in patients which can precipitate RTA type 1 leading to severe hypokalaemia and acidosis, thus all patients receiving amphotericin B should be cautiously warned regarding side effect of hypokalaemia and prophylactic potassium syrup supplementation may be given in predisposed patients.
Head and neck infection, clinicopathological outline
Authors: Elmatri Houssein H. , Gheryani Nabeia A. 
Published: January 2022

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the antimicrobial drugs, a significant percentage of head and neck infection still can be recorded, this study try to identify the causes of recorded cases of head and neck infection in antibiotics era by focusing on the clinical presentation and the predisposing factors. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology in university of Benghazi including 84 patients who were diagnosed as head and neck infection. Clinical data, risk factors and managements were discussed in this study. </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The 84 patients with deep cervical infection were studied. The mean age of our patients was 33 years, most of them were males. Some had other co-diseases. Their main complains was severe throat pain. The most common space involved was peritonsillar space and the most common source of infection was tonsillar infection. Only third of the cases showed positive culture results. The most common organism cultured was <em>Staphylococci</em>. The range of hospital stay was 4-11 days. There was no mortality in our series of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Cervical infection is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality specially in immune-compromised patients, therefore early detection of the disease followed by quick and appropriate management are life-saving measurements. All patients need early broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics, and most of them need different surgical intervention. As bad oral hygiene, smoking and low immunity are the major risk factors for neck infection, education of the community, especially in rural area, is required.</p>
A study of clinical profile of patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy without stenting in a teaching hospital of Western Gujarat
Authors: Sorathiya Rashmi , Desai Nisarg , Hirani Narendra , Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Bodat Ronak , Karathia Neha 
Published: January 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic dacryocystitis is commonly treated with dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). The aim of the study was to analyzed the clinical profile of patients suffering from distal Nasolacrimal duct (NLD) blockage and outcomes of EnDCR without stenting in patients with chronic dacryocystitis. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective observational study consisted of 50 patients who underwent EnDCR without stenting at ENT department of Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences during the period of October 2019 to September 2021, after taking IEC consent. All patients with distal NLD blockage were included in study. Pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative details were recorded as per pre-validated proforma and data was analyzed using Microsoft excel sheets.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Watery discharge from eye was most common chief complaint (76%) during presentation followed by watery discharge and swelling over medial end of eye both (20%) and swelling over medial end of one eye (4%). Most common duration of chief complaint was between 3 to 12 months. In our study, out of 50 patients, 31 cases were operated under local anesthesia and 19 were operated under general anesthesia. Out of 50 operated cases, only 3 patients had stenosis of ostium at 3-month follow-up. Overall success rate of endoscopic endonasal DCR without stenting was 94%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The success rate of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy without stenting is as high as that of external dacryocystorhinostomy and endonasal DCR with stenting without the disadvantages of either one. </p>
Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Obtained from Nigeria: In silico Genome Analysis
Authors: Nwaiwu O. , Onyeaka H. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem with enormous public health and economic impact. This study was carried out to get an overview of acquired antimicrobial resistance gene sequences in the genomes of E. coli isolated from different food sources and the environment in Nigeria.
Methods: To determine the acquired antimicrobial-resistant genes prevalence, genome assemblies of 272 isolates were analyzed In silico with KmerResistance 2.2 software.
Results: A total of 107 antimicrobial resistance genes, which included genes that encode for 24 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases were detected. Potential multidrug resistance was found in 90% of the genomes analyzed. All strains analyzed contained at least one resistant gene sequence and had high similarity or homology (95% ID and above). Two strains harboured over 30 sequences of antimicrobial resistant genes, and in 24 strains over 20 genes were detected.
Conclusion: The resistant genes found in all the genomes analyzed were acquired intra-species and not inter-species. This provides an opportunity for further studies of the orthologous nature of the genes detected and the data obtained can help monitor the epidemiology of E. coli resistant genes in the food and environment.
Descriptive Study of Blood Donors' Blood Pressure in the Population of Male Donors in Tehran in 2017-2018
Authors: Soltani Atefeh , Abbasi Narges , Pourfathollah AliAkbar , Eskandari Mehrabadi Maryam 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most important preventable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This observational study aimed to depict the role of regular blood donation on the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) in hypertensive patients in comparison with normotensive people.
Methods: This study was performed as a cross-sectional descriptive study on 546 blood donors of Vesal Blood Donation Center in Tehran who donated between 1 and 4 times in the period of 2016-2017. Donors were divided into two groups (hypertension and normal blood pressure) based on the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the time of the first donation. The trend of changes in blood pressure after each donation (second, third and fourth donation) was assessed using SPSS ver. 16 and One way-ANOVA statistical test.
Results: In the group of hypertensive patients, after four blood donations, systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a statistically significant decrease after three or four donations.Systolic blood pressure in this group after the fourth donation decreased from the mean of 149.1 to 141.6 mm Hg (P = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure decreased from 90.04 to 86.08 mm Hg (P = 0.04 also), respectively. Decreased blood pressure was also observed in the normal group, although this significant decrease was not reported (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: Our results corroborated a down-regulatory effect of regular blood donation on BP in hypertensive people. These findings are rather encouraging people toward voluntary blood donation and can be considered in therapy-related issues.