bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficiency of removing heavy metal ions from industrial electropolishing wastewater using natural materials
Authors: Charazińska S. , Burszta-Adamiak E. , Lochyński P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHeavy metals are present in wastewater generated by industrial sectors, posing a threat to the environment, including surface and groundwater resources. With this in mind, there is a growing interest in finding alternative yet effective methods of removing heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater. Sorption is one of the techniques being readily applied due to the simplicity, high efficiency, production of small amounts of sludge, low investment, and the feasibility of the process over a wide range of pH and temperature. This paper deals with the treatment of industrial wastewater from electropolishing of stainless steel containing high concentrations of metal ions Fe(III), Cr(III), Ni(II), and Cu(II). Taking into account the effectiveness, availability and applicability of biosorbents for acidic wastewater, orange peels, algae, Eclipta alba, and eggshells were selected for the study. Sorption tests were carried out for Eclipta alba and the results obtained showed a best fit for the second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99) and the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.99). Maximum adsorption capacity was 17.92 mg/g for mixture of metal ions. The potential use of dried and calcinated eggshells was established. Both materials achieved a high removal rate of over 95%. Iron and chromium are removed from the solution first (about 100% and 90%, respectively), followed by nickel and copper ions. FT-IR and SEM with EDS measurements used to characterize materials, together with laboratory tests using real industrial effluent, made it possible to determine their mechanism of action. Specific surface area was determined for all tested materials and the values were: 1.63, 0.15 and 5.15 m2/g for Eclipta alba, dried eggshells and calcinated eggshells, respectively. The results provide grounds for optimism in the application of selected materials for industrial wastewater treatment.
Ponderomotive forces in the system of two nanoparticles
Authors: Lozovski Valeri , Lysenko Volodymyr , Rusinchuk Natalia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMechanical consequences of electromagnetic interaction of two nanoparticles have been modeled and simulated. It has been shown that the local field enhancement effect in the studied system causes the appearance of the local field gradients. As a consequence, the local field gradients can lead to ponderomotive forces acting on the nanoparticles near their surface. In the work, the model describing the phenomena has been developed. The model is based on the near-field interaction in the self-consistent system and the effective susceptibility concept. Using the model distribution of the local field in the system of two different-sized nanoparticles has been calculated and ponderomotive forces directions and values were simulated. It has been shown that in the system of two different-sized nanoparticles the forces act mainly on the surface of the bigger nanoparticle and for some systems, the value of its density per volume unit may acquire up to several tens of nano newtons. Possible application of the results to the study of biological systems has been also discussed.
Establishment of in vivo proximity labeling with biotin using TurboID in the filamentous fungus Sordaria macrospora
Authors: Hollstein Lucas S. , Schmitt Kerstin , Valerius Oliver , Stahlhut Gertrud , Pöggeler Stefanie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) has emerged as a powerful methodology to identify proteins co-localizing with a given bait protein in vivo. The approach has been established in animal cells, plants and yeast but not yet in filamentous fungi. BioID relies on promiscuous biotin ligases fused to bait proteins to covalently label neighboring proteins with biotin. Biotinylated proteins are specifically enriched through biotin affinity capture from denatured cell lysates and subsequently identified and quantified with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS). In contrast to many other affinity capture approaches for studying protein–protein interactions, BioID does not rely on physical protein–protein binding within native cell lysates. This feature allows the identification of protein proximities of weak or transient and dynamic nature. Here, we demonstrate the application of BioID for the fungal model organism Sordariamacrospora (Sm) using the example of the STRIPAK complex interactor 1 (SCI1) of the well-characterized striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (SmSTRIPAK) complex as proof of concept. For the establishment of BioID in S.macrospora, a codon-optimized TurboID biotin ligase was fused to SCI1. Biotin capture of the known SmSTRIPAK components PRO11, SmMOB3, PRO22 and SmPP2Ac1 demonstrates the successful BioID application in S.macrospora. BioID proximity labeling approaches will provide a powerful proteomics tool for fungal biologists.
Isatin Schiff base is an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid solution: gravimetrical, electrochemical, and computational investigation
Authors: Al-Amiery Ahmed A. , Al-Azzawi Waleed Khalid , Isahak Wan Nor Roslam Wan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the synthesis and characterisation of an isatin Schiff base, namely 2-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamide (OHB). The chemical structure of OHB was elucidated through proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), carbon-nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. OHB was evaluated for its corrosion inhibition ability on mild steel specimens in 1 M HCl using gravimetrical methods and electrochemical measurements such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic techniques complemented with microscopic analysis. The results indicated that OHB is a mixed-type inhibitor and showed good corrosion inhibition, with a maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of 96.7% at a concentration of 0.5 mM and 303 K. The inhibition performance increased with an increasing OHB concentration and decreased with increasing temperature. The inhibition efficiency was attributed to the formation of a protective film on the surface of the tested mild steel coupon. The electrochemical impedance studies also indicated that the charge transfer resistance increased with an increase in OHB concentration. The morphological analysis confirmed the inhibition performance of OHB and the protective barrier film conformed to Langmuir monolayer adsorption. The experimental and theoretical corrosion kinetics and thermodynamic parameters were in agreement and revealed that an adsorption film of Fe–N coordination bonds formed on the mild steel surface.
Comparison of three-dimensional body centre of mass trajectories during locomotion through zero- and one-dimensional statistics
Authors: Luciano Francesco , Ruggiero Luca , Minetti Alberto , Pavei Gaspare 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe trajectory of the body centre of mass (BCoM) during locomotion differs through speeds, gaits and pathological states; statistical methods are needed to compare it among different conditions. Here, ten participants walked on treadmill at 1.1 and 1.4 m/s; BCoM trajectories were obtained through stereophotogrammetry and expressed as Fourier series. Trajectories were compared among speeds using (i) zero-dimensional (0D) linear and circular tests for difference on amplitudes and phases of Fourier series harmonic, (ii) one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (1D-SPM) t-tests on the anteroposterior, mediolateral and vertical axial components of the BCoM trajectory and (iii) 1D-SPM Hotelling’s T2test on the three-dimensional BCoM trajectory. Increasing speed increased the amplitude and decreased the phase of the fundamental (2nd) vertical harmonic. Coherently, the BCoM vertical trajectory featured greater displacement and a forward-shift, combined with greater displacement along the anteroposterior axis. Hotelling’s T21D-SPM on the whole trajectory featured supra-threshold clusters at the transition between double and single support, and mid of the single support. 0D and 1D test yielded coherent and complementary results: 1D-SPM Hotelling’s T2is suitable to compare whole three-dimensional BCoM trajectories; however, when researchers hypothesize that conditions may impact specific harmonics or axial components, 0D or 1D-SPM t-tests are recommended.
The effect of smoking on quantification of aortic stiffness by ultrasound time-harmonic elastography
Authors: Elgeti Thomas , Fröhlich Matthias , Wismayer Kim Kathrin , Tzschätzsch Heiko , Hamm Bernd , Sack Ingolf , Schaafs Lars-Arne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSmoking is a significant cardiovascular risk factor that causes stiffening of the central arteries, especially the aorta. While vessel stiffness can be determined indirectly by measuring pulse wave velocity, elastography allows image-based determination of vessel stiffness while at the same time providing information on vascular morphology. This study compares abdominal aortic wall stiffness as measured by ultrasound time-harmonic elastography (THE) in fifteen smokers and fifteen age-matched non-smoking controls without a history of cardiovascular disease. Smokers had a significantly higher abdominal aortic wall stiffness with a mean shear wave speed of 2.66 m/s (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.59–2.72 m/s) compared to 2.40 m/s (95% CI 2.34–2.47 m/s) (p < 0.01) in the group of non-smokers. All other baseline characteristics including aortic diameter showed no significant differences. Inter-rater variability was excellent with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.99 (95% CI 0.98–0.99). Our results show that THE is sensitive to subclinical stiffening of the aorta in young and middle-aged smokers even before morphological changes occur and may therefore has the potential to serve as a screening tool for early aortic abnormalities and longitudinal risk factors for cardiovascular health.
Development of an in vivo cleavable donor plasmid for targeted transgene integration by CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a
Authors: Ishibashi Riki , Maki Ritsuko , Kitano Satsuki , Miyachi Hitoshi , Toyoshima Fumiko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe CRISPR-Cas system is widely used for genome editing of cultured cells and organisms. The discovery of a new single RNA-guided endonuclease, CRISPR-Cas12a, in addition to the conventional CRISPR-Cas9 has broadened the number of editable target sites on the genome. Here, we developed an in vivo cleavable donor plasmid for precise targeted knock-in of external DNA by both Cas9 and Cas12a. This plasmid, named pCriMGET_9-12a (plasmid of synthetic CRISPR-coded RNA target sequence-equipped donor plasmid-mediated gene targeting via Cas9 and Cas12a), comprises the protospacer-adjacent motif sequences of Cas9 and Cas12a at the side of an off-target free synthetic CRISPR-coded RNA target sequence and a multiple cloning site for donor cassette insertion. pCriMGET_9-12a generates a linearized donor cassette in vivo by both CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a, which resulted in increased knock-in efficiency in culture cells. This method also achieved > 25% targeted knock-in of long external DNA (> 4 kb) in mice by both CRISPR-Cas9 and CRISPR-Cas12a. The pCriMGET_9-12a system expands the genomic target space for transgene knock-in and provides a versatile, low-cost, and high-performance CRISPR genome editing tool.
Quantification of area-selective deposition on nanometer-scale patterns using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry
Authors: Claessens Niels , Khan Zamran Zahoor , Haghighi Negin Rahnemai , Delabie Annelies , Vantomme André , Vandervorst Wilfried , Meersschaut Johan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present a site-specific elemental analysis of nano-scale patterns whereby the data acquisition is based on Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). The analysis builds on probing a large ensemble of identical nanostructures. This ensures that a very good limit of detection can be achieved. In addition, the analysis exploits the energy loss effects of the backscattered ions within the nanostructures to distinguish signals coming from different locations of the nanostructures. The spectrum deconvolution is based on ion-trajectory calculations. With this approach, we analyse the Ru area-selective deposition on SiO2-TiN line-space patterns with a linewidth of 35 nm and a pitch of 90 nm. We quantify the selectivity and the Ru local areal density on the top versus on the sidewall of the SiO2 lines. The sensitivity to probe ruthenium deposited on the various surfaces is as low as 1013 atoms/cm2. The analysis is quantitative, traceable, and highly accurate thanks to the intrinsic capabilities of RBS.
The moderating effect of prefrontal response to sleep-related stimuli on the association between depression and sleep disturbance in insomnia disorder
Authors: Lee Mi Hyun , Lee Kyung Hwa , Oh Seong Min , Seo Min Cheol , Lee Hayoung , Jeon Jeong Eun , Lee Yu Jin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe investigated differences in brain activity in response to sleep-related pictures between chronic insomnia disorder (CID) patients and good sleepers (GS), and examined whether brain activity moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance in CID patients and GS. This study included 43 patients diagnosed with CID, based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-3, and 42 GS. The participants kept a sleep diary, underwent nocturnal polysomnography to measure sleep parameters, and completed self-report questionnaires to assess sleep and psychiatric symptoms. They underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine differences in brain activity in response to sleep-related pictures compared to neutral pictures. A moderated moderation analysis was performed to investigate the moderating role of brain responses to sleep-related pictures in the association between depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance. Compared to GS, the brain responses to sleep-related stimuli were significantly lower in CID patients in the right lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC). More severe depressive symptoms were significantly associated with longer sleep latency only when LPFC activity was low in CID patients, but not in GS. LPFC hypoactivity in response to sleep-related stimuli in CID patients could moderate the relationship between depression and sleep disturbance.
Intraoperative CT-assisted sacroiliac screws fixation for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injury: a comparative study with conventional intraoperative imaging
Authors: Yang Zhanyu , Sheng Bin , Liu Delong , Chen Xintong , Guan Rui , Wang Yiwei , Liu Chao , Xiao Rui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPelvic injuries refer to the disruption of the inherent structural and mechanical integrity of the pelvic ring. Sacroiliac screw fixation technique is often applied for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injury, which is prone to the iatrogenic injury. This study will compare the intraoperative and postoperative variables of patients underwent sacroiliac screw fixation with intraoperative CT and conventional imaging to evaluate the effect. Thirty-two patients with posterior pelvic ring injury treated by sacroiliac screw fixation from January 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were divided into two groups according to the different assistance of intraoperative imaging. Subsequently, the correlative data were compared and analysed statistically. Twelves cases were assigned to intraoperative CT group, and the remaining twenty cases were assigned to conventional group. There was no significant difference in duration of surgery, fracture healing time, time to ambulation, complications, and Matta radiological score. There was statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in sacroiliac screws insertion time, length of incision, intraoperative blood loss, quality of screws position, and adjusted Majeed functional score, especially in the sexual intercourse part. With the assistance of intraoperative CT, a less misposition and functional impairment could be achieved, and a more satisfactory curative effect could be developed. Sacroiliac screws fixation with intraoperative CT is a more accurate and ideal method to treat posterior pelvic ring injuries.
Nanoscale analysis of frozen honey by atom probe tomography
Authors: Schwarz Tim M. , Ott Jonas , Solodenko Helena , Schmitz Guido , Stender Patrick 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThree-dimensional reconstruction of the analysed volume is one of the main goals of atom probe tomography (APT) and can deliver nearly atomic resolution (~ 0.2 nm spatial resolution) and chemical information with a mass sensitivity down to the ppm range. Extending this technique to frozen biological systems would have an enormous impact on the structural analysis of biomolecules. In previous works, we have shown that it is possible to measure frozen liquids with APT. In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of APT to trace nanoscale precipitation in frozen natural honey. While the mass signals of the common sugar fragments CxHyand CxOyHzoverlap with (H2O)nH from water, we achieved correct stoichiometric values via different interpretation approaches for the peaks and thus determined the water content reliably. Next, we use honey to investigate the spatial resolution capabilities as a step toward the measurement of biological molecules in solution in 3D with sub-nanometer resolution. This may take analytical techniques to a new level, since methods of chemical characterization for cryogenic samples, especially biological samples, are still limited.
Post-Miocene tectonics of the Northern Calcareous Alps
Authors: Szczygieł Jacek , Baroň Ivo , Melichar Rostislav , Plan Lukas , Mitrović-Woodell Ivanka , Kaminsky Eva , Scholz Denis , Grasemann Bernhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Late Cretaceous orogeny followed by the Eocene collision of the Adriatic with the European plate dissected the Northern Calcareous Alps (NCA) by a number of well-studied strike-slip fault systems accommodating N-S shortening and E-W stretching. However, the post-Miocene fault activity is poorly constrained due to lack of Neogene faulted sediments, and glacial erosion of geomorphic indicators. Using the protected environment of caves, we fill the knowledge gap in the post-Miocene evolution of the NCA by paleostress analysis of 172 reactivated faults that offset passages in 28 caves near major faults. Constrained maximum age of caves, our results indicate that the NCA have been subjected to N to NE trending compression since Pliocene. Faulted speleothems dated with 230Th/U method, indicate that the recorded present-day stress state did not significantly change during the last 0.5 Ma. In contrast to the previously proposed post-Miocene N-S extension of NCA, but in agreement with what was observed in Vienna and Pannonian basins, we conclude that the eastward extrusion resulting from N-S convergence has continued despite a distinct slowdown of plate tectonic velocities in the late Miocene. The N-S extension affected only the Alpine front during Pliocene Molasse basin inversion, while at the scale of the Alpine orogen the NCA underwent successive N-S shortening and E-W stretching.
An analysis of digging anchor machine stability and track wear under digging conditions
Authors: Yang Xinwei , Wu Dongxuan , Zou Xianfeng , Chen Hongyue , Zhang Shuai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo analyse the stability of a digging anchor machine under digging conditions, the dynamics model of the anchor machine and the interaction mechanics model between its tracks and the roadway floor are constructed with a Sandvik MB670-1 digging anchor machine in the context of the Zhang Jiamao 5–2coal seam of the Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group. The discrete element method (DEM) and multibody dynamics (MBD) two-way coupling algorithm is used to simulate the cutting process of a full coal seam and coal rock containing gangue by using a digging anchor machine in a roadway. The changes in the cutting depth of the digging anchor machine drum, the sliding distance of the track and the stress‒strain pattern of the roadway floor are obtained. Finally, through shear slip testing, the stress distribution and deformation pattern of the roadway floor under different grouser parameters of the digging anchor machine track shoe, as well as the wear characteristics of the track shoe, are obtained. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the control and reliability of the digging anchor machine and the life fatigue prediction of its tracks.
Investigation of turning points in the effectiveness of Covid-19 social distancing
Authors: Neuwirth C. , Gruber C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCovid-19 is the first digitally documented pandemic in history, presenting a unique opportunity to learn how to best deal with similar crises in the future. In this study we have carried out a model-based evaluation of the effectiveness of social distancing, using Austria and Slovenia as examples. Whereas the majority of comparable studies have postulated a negative relationship between the stringency of social distancing (reduction in social contacts) and the scale of the epidemic, our model has suggested a varying relationship, with turning points at which the system changes its predominant regime from ‘less social distancing—more cumulative deaths and infections’ to ‘less social distancing—fewer cumulative deaths and infections’. This relationship was found to persist in scenarios with distinct seasonal variation in transmission and limited national intensive care capabilities. In such situations, relaxing social distancing during low transmission seasons (spring and summer) was found to relieve pressure from high transmission seasons (fall and winter) thus reducing the total number of infections and fatalities. Strategies that take into account this relationship could be particularly beneficial in situations where long-term containment is not feasible.