bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multislice CT angiography as a roadmap for pedicle selection prior to breast reduction surgery
Authors: Zakhary Noura Yousef , Mubarak Amr Ahmed , Elkhadrawy Osama Helmy , Ismail Elsayed Mandour 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Accurate knowledge of breast arterial supply on individual basis is crucial prior to breast reduction surgery to minimize the risk of post-operative necrosis of nipple-areola complex which is a well reported complication. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to test the ability of multislice CT angiography to delineate the dominant arterial supply of nipple-areola complex to facilitate accurate breast pedicle selection to improve patient outcome.

Results
Twelve patients underwent multislice CTA of both breasts to delineate dominant arterial supply to NAC, internal mammary artery was the dominant arterial supply in most of breasts (87.5%) based on CTA findings and hence superomedial pedicle was the commonest pedicel chosen. None of patients experienced NAC necrosis postoperatively while minority of patients (16.6%) exhibited decreased NAC sensation bilaterally.

Conclusions
Multislice CT angiography is a useful pre-operative tool to minimize the risk of post-operative necrosis of nipple-areola complex in patients undergoing breast reduction surgery.
Exploring the Impact of Language Concordance on Cancer Communication
Authors: Bregio Celyn , Finik Jackie , Baird Morgan , Ortega Pilar , Roter Debra , Karliner Leah , Diamond Lisa C. 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSE: Patients with cancer who have limited English proficiency are more likely to experience inequities in cancer knowledge, timely care, and access to clinical trials. Matching patients with language-concordant clinicians and working with professional interpreters can effectively reduce language-related disparities, but little data are available regarding the impact of language-concordant interactions in oncology care. This study aimed to assess the use of the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS) in language-concordant and -discordant interactions for patients with non-English language preference presenting for an initial oncology visit at four New York City hospitals. METHODS: We used the RIAS, a validated tool for qualitative coding and quantitative analysis, to evaluate interactions between 34 patients and 16 clinicians. The pairings were stratified into dyads: English language-concordant (n = 12); professionally interpreted (n = 11); partially language-concordant (n = 4, partially bilingual clinicians who communicated in Spanish and/or used ad hoc interpreters); and Spanish language-concordant (n = 7). A trained Spanish-speaking coder analyzed the recordings using established RIAS codes. RESULTS: Spanish language-concordant clinicians had almost two-fold greater number of statements about biomedical information than English language-concordant clinicians. Spanish language-concordant patients had a higher tendency to engage in positive talk such as expressing agreement. The number of partnership/facilitation-related statements was equivalent for English and Spanish language-concordant groups but lower in professionally interpreted and partially language-concordant dyads. CONCLUSION: Language concordance may facilitate more effective biomedical counseling and therapeutic relationships between oncology clinicians and patients. Future research should further explore the impact of language concordance on cancer-specific health outcomes.
The Future of State All-Payer Claims Databases
Authors: Blewett Lynn A. , Mac Arthur Natalie Schwehr , Campbell James 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
State policy makers are under increasing pressure to address the prohibitive cost of health care given the lack of action at the federal level. In 2020, the United States spent more on health care than any other country in the world—$4.1 trillion, representing 19.7% of the nation's gross domestic product. States are trying to better understand their role in health care spending and to think creatively about strategies for addressing health care cost growth. One way they are doing this is through the development and use of state-based all-payer claims databases (APCDs). APCDs are health data organizations that hold transactional information from public (Medicare and Medicaid) and private health insurers (commercial plans and some self-insured employers). APCDs transform this data into useful information on health care costs and trends. This article describes states' use of APCDs and recent efforts that have provided benefits and challenges for states interested in this unique opportunity to inform health policy. Although challenges exist, there is new funding for state APCD improvements in the No Surprises Act, and potential new federal interest will help states enhance their APCD capacity so they can better understand their markets, educate consumers, and create actionable market information.
Molecular inhibition of RAS signalling to target ageing and age-related health
Authors: Laskovs Mihails , Partridge Linda , Slack Cathy 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTThe RAS/MAPK pathway is a highly conserved signalling pathway with a well-established role in cancer. Mutations that hyperactivate this pathway are associated with unregulated cell proliferation. Evidence from a range of model organisms also links RAS/MAPK signalling to ageing. Genetic approaches that reduce RAS/MAPK signalling activity extend lifespan and also improve healthspan, delaying the onset and/or progression of age-related functional decline. Given its role in cancer, therapeutic interventions that target and inhibit this pathway's key components are under intense investigation. The consequent availability of small molecule inhibitors raises the possibility of repurposing these compounds to ameliorate the deleterious effects of ageing. Here, we review evidence that RAS/MAPK signalling inhibitors already in clinical use, such as trametinib, acarbose, statins, metformin and dihydromyricetin, lead to lifespan extension and to improved healthspan in a range of model systems. These findings suggest that the repurposing of small molecule inhibitors of RAS/MAPK signalling might offer opportunities to improve health during ageing, and to delay or prevent the development of age-related disease. However, challenges to this approach, including poor tolerance to treatment in older adults or development of drug resistance, first need to be resolved before successful clinical implementation.
Running Every Time, Planking Sometimes: Youth Adherence to a Neuromuscular Training Program
Authors: Räisänen Anu M. , van den Berg Carla , Owoeye Oluwatoyosi B.A. , McKay Carly D. , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose
Neuromuscular training warm-up programs are effective in reducing sport and recreation injuries when adherence is adequate. To understand how to improve adherence, it is important to analyze different measures of adherence, such as the utilization of different exercises and components.

Methods
The intervention arm of a randomized controlled trial in junior high school hysical education (PE) was included in this study. After one school was excluded because of inadequate adherence data, five schools (32 classes) were analyzed. For 12 wk, the schools implemented the Implementing a School Prevention Program to Reduce Injuries Through Neuromuscular Training (iSPRINT) program comprising 15 exercises in four components (aerobic, agility, strength, balance). Utilization fidelity, cumulative utilization (program/component/exercise), and utilization frequency (program/component) were calculated.

Results
An iSPRINT session was conducted (i.e., ≥1 exercise out of 15 was performed) during 858 out of 1572 (54.6%) PE classes. Utilization fidelity was 13 (Q1, Q3: 7, 14) out of 15 exercises. Between the five schools, utilization fidelity ranged from 5 to 14 exercises. The most frequently utilized exercise was the forward run (96% of all iSPRINT sessions), and the least frequently utilized exercise was forward running with intermittent stops (36%). Utilization frequency of different exercises in individual schools varied from 9% to 100%. On average, the program was conducted twice a week. Out of all the iSPRINT sessions, 98% included aerobic, 89% included agility, 90% included strength, and 78% included balance exercises.

Conclusions
On average, the schools adhered well to the program, and all components were implemented to some extent. This indicates that there are no program components or exercises that are systematically underperformed. With adherence varying between the schools, it is important to take into account that the implementation context may differ across school environments and barriers to maximizing adherence require consideration.
Correlation between serum SIRT1 and EZH2 expressions and peritoneal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Zhu Qi , Hu Haiyan , Xia Fang 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To determine the correlation between the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and enhancer of zeste two polycomb repressive complex two subunit (EZH2) and peritoneal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and peritoneal dialysis.
Methods: One hundred forty patients with DN underwent peritoneal dialysis in Hanchuan People’s Hospital from April 2016 to January 2019 were divided into four groups according to the duration of peritoneal dialysis. The levels of SIRT1 and EZH2 in serum were measured. The ratio of dialysate to plasma creatinine (D/Pcr) and the concentration of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) in peritoneal dialysate were determined. The ratio of urea clearance to urea distribution volume (Kt/V) of dialyzer was calculated. The correlations between SIRT1 and EZH2 expressions and peritoneal function were analyzed.
Results: With the prolongation of peritoneal dialysis, serum SIRT1 expression, Kt/V, Ccr and CA125 decreased, while EZH2 expression and D/Pcr increased in patients with DN undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that SIRT1 expression was negatively correlated with D/Pcr while positively correlated with Kt/V and CA125, and serum EZH2 expression was negatively correlated with Kt/V and CA125 while positively correlated with D/Pcr. ROC analysis demonstrated that SIRT1 and EZH2 expressions had certain diagnostic value for the poor prognosis of patients with DN undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
Conclusion: Serum SIRT1 and EZH2 expressions in patients with DN undergoing peritoneal dialysis are closely related to their peritoneal function. They have certain diagnostic value for the poor prognosis of patients with DN undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5527
How to cite this:Zhu Q, Hu H, Xia F.Correlation between serum SIRT1 and EZH2 expressions and peritoneal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5527
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Application and clinical efficacy of Sufu medical chitosan hydrogel dressing in radiation skin damage caused by radiotherapy for cervical cancer
Authors: He Xiaodan , Hu Xiufen , Dong Xiaojing , Li Shenjie , Ni Yali   
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To investigate the benefits of Sufu medical chitosan hydrogel dressing(Sufu) in the prevention and control of radiation skin damage during radiotherapy for cervical cancer as a combined modality.
Methods: Ninety-seven cervical cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy at the Cancer Hospital of China Medical University between May 2017 and November 2018 were recruited according to given inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were assigned to a control group (n=48, washing the perineal area with normal saline) and an observation group (n=49, application of Sufu onto the site of radiotherapy in addition to washing the perineal area with normal saline). The treatment regimens for the two groups continued until the end of radiotherapy. A comparison of the RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) grading of acute radiation-induced skin reactions (ARISRs), pain intensity (measured by the verbal rating scale (VRS)) and post-treatment wound healing was drawn between the two groups.
Results: In the observation group, 81.6% (40/49) of the patients had radiation dermatitis, which was significantly lower than the incidence rate (95.8%, 46/48) in the control group (P <0.05). The observation group was at higher risk of radiation dermatitis when given a high radiation dose, while the control group was more likely to have radiation dermatitis when administered with a moderate radiation dose (P <0.05). The median time of occurrence of pain and the median time of onset of skin reactions were significantly later in the observation group as compared with the control group (P <0.05, respectively). In the observation group, the pain relief rate was 92.50% at Day-3, and the wound healing rate was 95.0% at Day-7, significantly higher than in the control group (73.9% and 80.4%) (P <0.05, respectively).
Conclusions: During radiotherapy for cervical cancer, Sufu can effectively prevent and control radiation-induced skin and mucous membrane damage, delay the onset of radiation dermatitis and substantially reduce the incidence rate, relieve radiation dermatitis and pain and promote wound healing.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5569
How to cite this:He X, Hu X, Dong X, Li S, Ni Y. Application and clinical efficacy of Sufu medical chitosan hydrogel dressing in radiation skin damage caused by radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5569
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
COVID-19 related fears and adherence to infection control protocol amongst immunocompromised transplant recipients: A case study
Authors: Muazzam Amena , Naz Hafeeza , Irfan Khadija , Mahmood Zulaikha 
Published: September 2022

Background & Objective: Transplant recipients are at a high risk of critical COVID-19 illness due to chronic immunosuppression and their underlying medical condition. Our objective was to study the COVID-19 related fears and adherence to infection control measures in solid organ transplant recipients during COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A descriptive study was conducted during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic (April- August 2020) in Punjab, Pakistan, as a part of province wide COVID-19 awareness drive 754 recipients registered at Punjab Human Organ Transplantation Authority (P-HOTA) for solid organ transplant were contacted telephonically and administered a self-constructed questionnaire. The participants’ response was linked to demographic, anthropometric and disease characteristics available in organizational data base.
Results: Seven hundred fifty four patients who had undergone transplant or were on list during the time period 2018-2020 were identified from data base of PHOTA. 648 patients were contacted while 80 were found to have expired post- transplant and 26 recipients were still on the waiting list. The median age was 31-40 years, with male predominance (5:1). A majority of patients (93%) were found to be well informed about corona infection and its impact on their illness (89%) but (59%) of the recipients had a fear score 25-34(severe) of acquiring infection with female predominance (61%). All the recipients adhered to measures like wearing masks, frequent hand washing and maintaining safe distance .65.9% patient’s preferred online consultation while (77.9%) patients left their shoes outside their house.
Conclusion: During the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic Solid Organ Transplant patients seemed well informed of COVID-19 infection and adhered to precautionary measures against the infections. About 78% of recipients reported that their health and quality of health care (61.1%) during this period remained the same while 3.4% reported of being infected or a contact history with COVID-19 patients
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5590
How to cite this:Moazzam A, Naz H, Irfan K, Mahmood Z. COVID-19 related fears and adherence to infection control protocol amongst immunocompromised transplant recipients: A case study. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.5590
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Estimation of serum iron, serum lipids and serum liver enzymes in celiac disease patients of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ikram Ullah Muhammad , Alsrhani Abdullah , Atif Muhammad , Shaukat Irfan , Hussain Shahid , Ejaz Hasan 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the serum biochemical levels in celiac disease (CD) patients.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out on 70 subjects, including 40 patients with CD and 30 healthy controls. This study was conducted at Jouf University from November, 2020 to October, 2021. The collected blood specimens were used to perform serum iron, serum lipids, liver enzymes, and human tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies (anti-HTTG). The hematological parameters including hematocrit and MCV were determined to establish the diagnosis of iron deficiency.
Results: Serum iron was significantly lower in patients as compared to the controls. Serum iron, serum HDL, blood hematocrit and MCV were significantly lower in patients than in controls (p = 0.000). Serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and serum human tissue transglutaminase antibodies (anti-HTTG) were significantly higher in patients than in controls (p = 0.000). The correlation studies established the negative correlation of anti-HTTG IgA with serum iron (r = -0.991, p = 0.000), hematocrit (r = -0.967, p = 0.000) and MCV (r = -0.946, p = 0.000) in patients.
Conclusion: The serum iron was remarkably reduced in CD patients. A negative correlation was found between anti-HTTG IgA and serum iron, while a positive serum iron was correlated with hematocrit and MCV in CD patients.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6237
How to cite this:Ullah MI, Alsrhani A, Atif M, Shaukat I, Hussain S, Ejaz H. Estimation of serum iron, serum lipids and serum liver enzymes in celiac disease patients of Saudi Arabia. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6237
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The menace of self citation: An audit of two years from journals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Authors: Ahmed Mian Saad , Zafar Umema , Zafar Hamna , Shahid Ullah Maryam , Ali Khan Feroz 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To assess the author and journal self-citation amongst journals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2021 to July 2021. In total, manuscript published in 10 journals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, either recognized by the Higher Education Commission or Pakistan Medical Commission, in the years 2018 and 2019 were included in the present research. All types of manuscripts were analyzed using a pre-designed data extraction table. Results were extracted, analyzed and appropriate statistics were applied.
Results: About 1235 manuscripts published in 68 issues over a period of two years’ time were analyzed. The majority of manuscripts were 1039 (84.1%) original articles followed by case reports 90 (7.3%). Author self-citation came out to be 11.26% and journal self-citation was 6.5%. The same institute’s author affiliation came out to be 40.6%.
Conclusion: The trend of author self-citation was found to be high while that of journal self-citation was low when compared with already prevalent literature.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6571
How to cite this:Ahmed MS, Zafar U, Zafar H, Shahid-Ullah M, Khan FA. The menace of self citation: An audit of two years from journals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6571
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
New Opportunities and Challenges for Health Professionals in the era of Artificial Intelligence – Review
Authors: Warchoł Konrad , Jasiura Adam , Zając Marlena , Wójcik Aleksandra , Giżewska Kamila 
Published: September 2022

Introduction and purpose: Modern medical knowledge has grown to a vastness incomprehensible for a single health professional to learn and accommodate. The usage of modern information technologies comes to help, one of them being artificial intelligence, a branch of computer science aimed at developing solutions to perform tasks similar to the human brain, but more efficient and complex, without actual human intervention. The goal of this review is to provide reader with the knowledge how artificial intelligence is applied in various branches of medicine.
Brief description of the state of knowledge: In the fields of infectious diseases, including COVID-19 diagnostics, radiology, dermatology and surgery, works lean toward the statement, which suspect application of AI is beneficial for medical practitioners. Programs help to develop statistical models for virus spreading and the creation of antiviral solutions. The radiological application involves the analysis of images to aid radiologists in diagnosing certain features, similarly to dermatology, where eg. AI can identify malignancy of skin nevi. In the department of surgery, predictive algorithms can help in choosing operation methods and improve outcomes.
Conclusions: Usage of AI assistance in the medical field has proven to be successful, but it is yet to be commonly encountered in everyday work. Programs need to be further developed and made more approachable to users without expertise in the IT field. AI may also prove useful in the process of education of health professionals.