bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of three-dimensional biochar-based porous aerogels and the highly efficient removal of Cu2+ and methylene blue
Authors: Li Baoqing , Zheng Zhiran , Fang Jianzhang , Fang Zhanqiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new type of biochar-based aerogel beads was prepared to overcome the low adsorption efficiency and the difficult recovery of powdered biochar (BC) after removing Cu 2+ and methylene blue (MB) in wastewater. Graphene oxide (GO) and sodium alginate (SA) were initially introduced into BC matrix to obtain BC-GO-SA aerogel beads with chemical cross-linking, followed by freeze-drying technology. Series of analytical technologies, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), were applied to test the properties of the adsorbents. Adsorption performances of BC-GO-SA on Cu 2+ and MB as well as its reusability, thermodynamic, and co-adsorption performances were investigated. The results demonstrated that the introduction of GO and SA into BC increased the potential adsorption sites to Cu 2+ and MB, which possessed 3D network structure, abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, good thermodynamic, and excellent mechanic properties. The Langmuir isotherm models fitted the adsorption process of Cu 2+ and MB onto aerogel beads better and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu 2+ and MB were 137.86 mg/g and 232.22 mg/g, respectively, which was larger than that of reported adsorbents. The results of thermodynamic adsorption analysis indicated that both adsorption processes of Cu 2+ and MB onto aerogel beads occurred spontaneously. The adsorption processes was exothermic reaction for Cu 2+ , while an endothermic reaction for MB. More importantly, BC-GO-SA could be separated and recycled as an environmentally friendly adsorbent to maintain a small amount of adsorption loss after five adsorption/desorption cycles. In addition, adsorption experiments of the binary mixture system revealed that Cu 2+ and MB exhibited a competitive adsorption effect and the inhibitory effect of MB on Cu 2+ adsorption was stronger than that of Cu 2+ on MB adsorption.
Global analysis of the association between pig muscle fatty acid composition and gene expression using RNA-Seq
Authors: Valdés-Hernández Jesús , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Passols Magí , Sebastià Cristina , Criado-Mesas Lourdes , Crespo-Piazuelo Daniel , Esteve-Codina Anna , Castelló Anna , Sánchez Armand , Folch Josep M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Fatty acids (FAs) play an essential role as mediators of cell signaling and signal transduction, affecting metabolic homeostasis and determining meat quality in pigs. However, FAs are transformed by the action of several genes, as those encoding desaturases and elongases of FAs in lipogenic tissues. The aim of the current work was to identify candidate genes, biological processes and pathways involved in the modulation of intramuscular FA profile fromlongissimus dorsi(LD) muscle. FA profile by gas chromatography of methyl esters and gene expression by RNA-Seq were determined in 129 Iberian × Duroc backcrossed pigs. An association analysis between the muscle transcriptome and its FA profile was performed, followed by a concordance and functional analysis. Overall, a list of well-known (PLIN1,LEP, ELOLV6, SC5D,NCOA2,ACSL1, MDH1, LPL,LGALS12,TFRC, GOT1andFBP1) and novel (ENSSSCG00000017801, ENSSSCG00000015889, ENSSSCG00000011196andENSSSCG00000038429) candidate genes was identified, either in association with specific or several FA traits. Likewise, several of these genes belong to biological processes and pathways linked to energy, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism, which seem determinants in the modulation of FA compositions. This study can contribute to elucidate the complex relationship between gene expression and FA profile in pig muscle.
Risk factor modelling of antimicrobial resistance in cancer patients: A systematic review
Authors: Danielsen Anders Skyrud , Franconeri Léa , Page Samantha , Myhre Anders Eivind , Tornes Ragnhild Agathe , Kacelnik Oliver , Bjørnholt Jørgen Vildershøj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Infections are major causes of disease in cancer patients and pose a major obstacle to the success of cancer care. The global rise of antimicrobial resistance threatens to make these obstacles even greater and hinder continuing progress in cancer care. To prevent and handle such infections, a better understanding of the risk factors are needed. This internally funded systematic review (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021282769) aims to review what risk factors for resistant infections and deaths due to resistant infections have been investigated, and with what methodological approaches.
Methods
We employed two broad searches of antimicrobial resistance in cancer patients, using terms associated with antimicrobial resistant infections, in MEDLINE and Embase through Ovid, in addition to Cinahl through EBSCOhost and Web of Science Core Collection. Primary, observational studies in English from January 2015 to November 2021 on human cancer patients that explicitly modelled infection or mortality associated with antimicrobial resistance in a multivariable model were included. We extracted data on the study populations and their malignancies, risk factors, the microbial aetiology, methods for variable selection, and assessed the risk of bias using the NHLBI Study Quality Assessment Tools.
Results
Two searches yielded a total of 27151 unique records, of which 144 studies were included after screening and reading. Of the outcomes studied, mortality was the most common (68/144, 47%). Forty-five percent (65/144) of the studies focused on haemato-oncological patients, and 27% (39/144) studied several bacteria or fungi. Studies included a median of 200 patients and 46 events. One-hundred-and-three (72%) studies used a p-value-based variable selection. Studies included a median of seven variables in the final (and largest) model, which yielded a median of 6.9 events per variable. An in-depth example of vancomycin-resistant enterococci was reported.
Conclusions
We found the current research on this topic to be heterogeneous, in both the methodological and epidemiological approach. Methodological choices resulting in very diverse models made it difficult or even impossible to draw statistical inferences and summarise what risk factors were of clinical relevance. The development and adherence to more standardised protocols that build on existing literature is urgent.
Perceived barriers and opportunities for implementing integrated psychological intervention for depression in adolescents living with HIV in Tanzania
Authors: Njau Tasiana , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Sunguya Bruno , Minja Agape , Kaaya Sylvia , Fekadu Abebaw 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Adolescents living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have an increased risk of depression that may affect their adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and, therefore, their treatment outcomes. Integrating mental health care in HIV care and treatment settings may help to improve access to comprehensive care. However, this remains challenging in Tanzania and other countries with similar contexts. We, therefore, explored challenges to accessing mental health care and opportunities for implementing an integrated, evidence-based psychological intervention to manage adolescent depression in HIV care and treatment centers (HIV-CTC) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Methods
This cross-sectional study utilizing a qualitative design through a phenomenological approach was conducted among adolescents living with HIV, health care providers (HCP), and caregivers. Forty-five in-depth interviews were conducted in three HIV-CTCs in Kinondoni Dar es salaam. Audio records were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with NVIVO computer software-aided data analysis.
Results
We found a low level of mental health awareness to be a cross-cutting challenge among caregivers, adolescents, and HCPs, limiting access to mental healthcare and the quality of care received. Psychological health caregiving was challenged by mental disorders stigma, poor communication between adolescents and HCPs, limited knowledge and skills to manage depression among HCPs, and limited information on treatment coverage for mental disorders. Nevertheless, health system opportunities for integration were apparent. In each HIV-CTC, there were available counseling rooms, nurse counselors delivering HIV and adherence counseling, and well-organized youth clubs indicating a potential for utilizing the existing structures. In addition, positive attitudes about psychological interventions in all groups of participants provide further opportunities to provide mental health care.
Conclusion
Despite several modifiable barriers to accessing mental health care for adolescents living with HIV, there were evident opportunities for implementing an integrated, evidence-based psychological intervention to address depression in adolescents living with HIV in Kinondoni Dar es Salaam Tanzania.
Eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO-nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera L. polyphenols: physicochemical, microstructural and functional assessment
Authors: ABDULLAH JOHAR AMIN AHMED , Jiménez-Rosado Mercedes , Guerrero Antonio , Romero Alberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently, nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis has evolved into a green nanotechnology field, requiring more eco-synthesis of nanoparticles due to the high costs of other chemical-physical methods. Among the most commonly used nanomaterials, ZnO-NPs are highly valuable due to their specific, thermal, optical, and electronic features. Thus, the main objective of this work was to investigate the green synthesis of ZnO-NPs employing Phoenix dactylifera L. extract, which is rich in polyphenols, as a reducing agent. In this way, the effect of the concentration of both the precursors and the reducing agent was evaluated.The NPs were compared through X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier infrared transformation spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, we evaluated the antioxidant properties (TAC and DPPH) and antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) pathogenic strains. The results show that it is possible to obtain ZnO-NPs using a green reducing agent (polyphenol extract), presenting a particle size between 18.1 and 61.6 nm. In addition, this synthesis highlighted the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of these nanoparticles. In conclusion, this method could be a suitable substitute for typical toxic methods for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles.
Environmental heterogeneity determines patterns of abundance and distribution of aquatic organisms in small forested wetlands
Authors: Jara Fabian G. , García Patricia E. , García Roberto D. , Sganga Julieta V. , Pueta Mariana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Small wetlands have a high conservation value due to their importance as biodiversity hot spots. Despite this, they are nowadays at risk due to global change variables. We surveyed a set of seasonal wetlands located in Andean Patagonian forests which are the less studied aquatic systems. The wetlands selected presented different degrees of human impact, and some of them were geographically close and others were faraway and insulated. We registered environmental variables and the diversity and abundance of common pond animals in each wetland. Wetlands were described performing a principal component analysis considering the environmental variables. The main explanatory variables were dissolved organic carbon, water color, total nitrogen, and depth of the wetlands. The diversity of the aquatic organisms was studied using the Shannon index, and the relationship between environmental variables and aquatic organism was analyzed using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The rotifers showed the greatest diversity in the zooplankton assemblage, and the trichopterans were the most diverse of the benthic groups studied. The CCA showed that different variables explained the distribution of zooplankton and caddisfly/amphibian larvae assemblages. Each wetland presented a particular assemblage of species, and shared few species among them. Despite the differences in human impact and geographical distance, none of these factors appears to influence the diversity of these wetlands. We postulate that the high environmental heterogeneity found in these wetlands drives the diversity and abundance pattern of the aquatic biota observed.
Testing Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Role of Income Inequality and Economic Freedom
Authors: Hundie Shemelis Kebede , Bekele Dagim Tadesse , Degu Adisu Abebaw 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations has become one of the world’s major environmental concerns nowadays. It has prompted many scholars to investigate the factors that influence CO2 emissions. Many researchers, but overlook the role of economic freedom and income inequality in analyzing the EKC in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Taking 16 countries based on data availability, this study examines the effect of economic freedom and income disparity on CO2 emissions under the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, using balanced quarterly data straddling from 2000 to 2015. To undertake pre-estimation tests, we applied the second-generation panel cross-sectional dependence, slope homogeneity, and unit root tests. By applying cointegration and Granger tests that take heterogeneity into account, the study examined the cointegration status and direction of causality between the variables under scrutiny. PMG/ARDL estimation technique was applied to estimate the long-run coefficients. Results from the PMG/ARDL reveal that economic freedom has no statistically significant effect on CO2 emissions. The result supports the EKC hypothesis. Income inequality, industrialization, and non-renewable energy consumption have statistically significant positive effects on CO2 emissions in the long run. Economic freedom does not affect the environmental quality in the panel of countries studied. The results from the Granger causality analysis indicate that economic freedom, income inequality, renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth Granger cause CO2 emissions with a feedback effect except for economic freedom and industrialization. Policies intended to lessen income inequality can enhance environmental quality.
A Z-scheme BiYO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation
Authors: Sasikala Parthasarathy , BAVANI Thirugnanam , Selvaraj Manickam , Preeyanghaa Mani , Neppolian Bernaurdshaw , Murugesan Sepperumal , Madhavan Jagannathan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Photocatalysis is one of the fascinating fields for the wastewater treatment. In this regard, the present study deals with an effective visible light active BiYO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction nanocomposite photocatalyst with various ratio of BiYO3 and g-C3N4 (1:3, 1:1 and 3:1), synthesised by wet chemical approach. The as-synthesised nanocomposite photocatalysts were investigated via different physicochemical approaches like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electrons microscopy (TEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL) and photoelectrochemical studies to characterise the crystal structure, morphology, optical absorption characteristics and photoelectrochemical properties. The photocatalytic degradation ability of the prepared photocatalytic samples were also analysed through the degradation of RhB in the presence of visible light irradiation. Of all the synthesised photocatalysts, the optimised CB-1 composite showed a significant photocatalytic efficiency (88.7%), with excellent stability and recyclability after three cycles. O2.− and •OH radicals were found to act a major role in the RhB degradation using optimised CB-1 composite and it possessed ~ 1 times greater photocurrent intensity than the pristine g-C3N4 and BiYO3. In the present work, a direct Z-scheme heterojunction BiYO3/g-C3N4 with a considerably improved photocatalytic performance is reported.
Trilinguals who have low deceptive tendency prefer lying in their mother tongue
Authors: huang qiuyan , ou meijun , wu hairu , pan keqi , yuan jie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the function of authentic mother tongue in trilinguals, the person who masters speaking Cantonese, Mandarin, and English were taken as the Participants. Meanwhile, considering the influence of individual deceptive tendencies, this study will further explore the relationship between language, lying behavior, and deceptive tendencies. The Spot-the-Difference Task and the False Statement Task were adopted, and the result showed that using English to lie is most difficult, but there is no difference between Cantonese and Mandarin when lying. When lying, People who have a low deceptive tendency prefer to use their mother tongue, while people who are a high deceptive tendency have no preference when choosing the language. It means people who are a high deceptive tendency can use language freely to lie. The experiment suggested that lying tendency will affect what language people choose for lying. Overall, the study not only discusses the role of Cantonese as a real mother tongue, but also puts forward that we should pay attention to personal morality when research lies.
Case Report of a Healthy Pregnancy in a Woman of Advanced Maternal Age at Sixteen Months Post-Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Revision
Authors: Khasnabish Srijesa , Irving Dondre , Nahidi Seyed Mohammad , Engler Christopher , Ahmed Leaque 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background/Objective: Obesity (body mass index > 30 kg/m2) complicates maternal and neonatal pregnancy outcomes. Bariatric surgery (BS) is an option for weight reduction in reproductive-aged women. However, there is a lack of data regarding the ideal time interval between BS and pregnancy.
Methods:We report the case of a 43-year-old Hispanic female who underwent an initial Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in 2011 followed by a revision eight years later in 2019. The revision occurred 16 months prior to conception of her second pregnancy.
Results: Despite advanced maternal age and nutritional challenges following BS, she delivered a healthy male baby and sustained a net weight loss compared to her preoperative weight. Factors leading to this positive outcome included the patient’s adherence to dietary recommendations following the procedure and the use of phentermine to promote post-procedure weight loss.
Conclusion: An interval of sixteen months between RYGB revision and conception can lead to positive pregnancy outcomes, even in women of advanced maternal age. Adherence to post-procedure nutrition and weight gain protocols are crucial to this outcome. Further studies are needed to explore the time interval that ensures a healthy pregnancy, as well as the use of medications as weight loss adjuncts following BS.
An insight into the acute effects of cannabidiol on human brain function and their relationship with the brain expression of its molecular targets: a neuroimaging meta-regression analysis
Authors: Gunasekera Brandon , Davies Cathy , Blest-Hopley Grace , Wilson Robin , Filho Geraldo Busatto , Crippa José Alexandre , Duran Fabio , Zuardi Antonio Waldo , Veronese Mattia , Radua Joaquim , Bhattacharyya Sagnik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating substance present in the extract of Cannabis sativa popularised by its therapeutic potential. A limited number of neuroimaging studies have investigated CBD effects on brain function primarily in healthy individuals, people with early/ clinical high risk of psychosis, and social anxiety disorder. As a result of heterogeneity in the population examined, imaging modality and neurocognitive paradigm, the acute brain effects of CBD and the molecular mechanisms that may underlie its effects remain unclear.
Methods
We meta-analysed neuroimaging studies that examined the acute effects of CBD, relative to placebo, on human brain function using SPECT and fMRI while performing diverse cognitive tasks. Subsequently, we examined the relationship between the spatially distributed pooled effects of CBD on brain signal and the distribution of candidate mechanistic targets for the effects of CBD including fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), dopamine D2, serotonin and cannabinoid-type-1 receptors as indexed by their gene expression data.
Results
CBD modulated the function of several brain regions, including the medial frontoparietal, midcingulo-insular, pericentral, lateral frontoparietal, and dorsal frontoparietal networks as well as the striatum and cerebellum. There was a significant inverse relationship between the magnitude of pooled CBD effect on brain activation and expression of FAAH but not the other targets.
Discussion
These preliminary findings suggest that the effect of CBD in the human brain may be linked to local FAAH availability and suggests that there is a strong case for directly examining whether the effects of CBD on FAAH underlie its effects on brain function and behaviour.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the function of SlPRE2 in multiple phytohormones biosynthesis, signal transduction and stomatal development in tomato
Authors: Zhu Zhiguo , Luo Menglin , Li Jialing , Liu Zixin , Fu Dapeng , Zhou Huiwen , Zhou Anpei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
As a member of the basic/helix-loop-helix family transcription factors, the atypical bHLH Paclobutrazol Resistances (PREs) regulate plant morphology, cell size, pigment metabolism and abiotic stress in response to different phytohormones. However, little is known about the network regulation mechanisms of PREs regulated plant growth and development. In this study, the function and mechanism of SlPRE2 in tomato plant growth and development were investigated. The Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that the expression of SlPRE2 was regulated by multiple phytohormones and abiotic stresses. And it showed a light-repressed expression in photoperiod. The RNA-seq results revealed that the SlPRE2 regulated many genes involved in photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, phytohormone metabolism and signaling, and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting the role of SlPRE2 in gibberellin, brassinosteroid, auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid and salicylic acid regulated plant development process. Moreover, the SlPRE2 overexpression plants showed widely opened stomata in young leaves, and four genes involved in stomatal development showed changed expression. Overall, the results demonstrate the regulation mechanism of SlPRE2 regulated phytohormone and stress response and the function of SlPRE2 in stomatal development in tomato. These findings provide useful clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of SlPRE2 regulated plant growth and development in tomato.