bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iterative Bayesian Monte Carlo for nuclear data evaluation
Authors: Alhassan Erwin , Rochman Dimitri , Vasiliev Alexander , Hursin Mathieu , Koning Arjan J. , Ferroukhi Hakim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, we explore the use of an iterative Bayesian Monte Carlo (iBMC) method for nuclear data evaluation within a TALYS Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (TENDL) framework. The goal is to probe the model and parameter space of the TALYS code system to find the optimal model and parameter sets that reproduces selected experimental data. The method involves the simultaneous variation of many nuclear reaction models as well as their parameters included in the TALYS code. The ‘best’ model set with its parameter set was obtained by comparing model calculations with selected experimental data. Three experimental data types were used: (1) reaction cross sections, (2) residual production cross sections, and (3) the elastic angular distributions. To improve our fit to experimental data, we update our ‘best’ parameter set—the file that maximizes the likelihood function—in an iterative fashion. Convergence was determined by monitoring the evolution of the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) values and was considered reached when the relative change in the MLE for the last two iterations was within 5%. Once the final ‘best’ file is identified, we infer parameter uncertainties and covariance information to this file by varying model parameters around this file. In this way, we ensured that the parameter distributions are centered on our evaluation. The proposed method was applied to the evaluation of p+$$^{59}$$

59

Co between 1 and 100 MeV. Finally, the adjusted files were compared with experimental data from the EXFOR database as well as with evaluations from the TENDL-2019, JENDL/He-2007 and JENDL-4.0/HE nuclear data libraries.
Good and Evil in Recent Discussion
Authors: Noller Jörg 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper develops a critical account of evil. By referring to Kant’s moral philosophy, I argue that evil actions have reasons and cannot be explained in terms of a lack of reason. However, these reasons of evil are not obvious but rather forms of rational self-deception. I therefore argue that the phenomenon of evil is complex and involves three dimensions: (i) activity, (ii) reasons, and (iii) (self-)deception.
Postdigital Learning for a Changing Higher Education
Authors: Ball Joan , Savin-Baden Maggi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article draws upon the authors’ previous work on the opportunities and challenges learners face as they move into, through, and out of transitional learning spaces. The authors argue that equipping students to locate themselves with/in the tensions of learning is imperative, especially in postdigital learning environments. Teaching in ways that enable students to acknowledge their ‘will to learn’ and to understand that liminal learning can prompt distress and disjunction or the ability to think differently is discussed. This article begins by examining the relationship between the postdigital and the liminal, offers an Integrated Model of Transitional Learning Spaces, and presents different types of disjunctions. It then explores how learners navigate the liminal and concludes by arguing for a need to focus on postdigital learning and liminal learning in a changing higher education landscape.
Production of high-quality glass foam from soda lime glass waste using SiC-AlN foaming agent
Authors: El-Amir Ahmed A. M. , Attia Mohammed A. A. , Fend Thomas , Ewais Emad M. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research presents the possibility of producing durable foam glasses from glass cullet using SiC/AlN foaming agent. The foaming agent generated by the SiC and AlN couple results in a more homogeneous microstructure and thus the emergence of foam glasses with better properties compared to the nitride foaming agent used alone in our previous work. The fabricated foam had a crack-free, 3-D cellular structure with macropores whose geometries varied between elliptical-, pentagonal-, and hexagonal-shaped constructions. It also had a lightweight (≥ 0.18 g/cm3), high cold crushing strength (≤ 4.5 MPa), low thermal conductivity (0.09–0.16 W/m K), and contained more than ~ 89 vol.% gas bubbles enclosed between 11 vol.% impervious glass walls. The properties accomplished by the foam prepared in this work conform with the requirements of international standard for commercial glass foams, demonstrating its strong capability to be utilized in potential applications in sustainable buildings and energy efficiency in industry.
Regularity Criterion for a Two Dimensional Carreau Fluid Flow
Authors: Díaz Palencia José Luis , Rahman S. , Khan M. , Yin Guang-Zhong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCarreau fluids are a source of research from both theoretical and applied approaches. They have been considered to model different non-newtonian phenomena such as blood flow, plasma and viscoeslastic materials. The purpose of this study is to develop the global regularity criteria for a Carreau fluid in two dimensions flowing in a strip. Firstly, a regularity criteria is shown for the initial set $$\left( u_{10},u_{20}\right) \in H^{1}\left( \Omega \right) $$

u
10

,

u
20

∈

H
1

Ω

where $$\Omega =\left[ 0,L\right] \times $$

Ω
=

0
,
L

×

$$\left[ 0,\infty \right) .$$

0
,
∞

.

Secondly, the analysis focuses on a regularity criteria when $$\left( u_{10},u_{20}\right) \in L^{4}\left( \Omega \right) $$

u
10

,

u
20

∈

L
4

Ω

and, lastly, similar results are obtained for $$\left( u_{10},u_{20}\right) \in H^{2}\left( \Omega \right) $$

u
10

,

u
20

∈

H
2

Ω

while the fluid velocity vertical component, $$u_2 (x,y)$$

u
2

(
x
,
y
)

, is such that $$\frac{\partial u_{2}}{\partial x}\in L^{4}\left( \Omega \right) $$

∂

u
2

∂
x

∈

L
4

Ω

and $$\left( \frac{\partial \nabla u_{2}}{\partial y},\Delta u_{2}\right) \in L^{2}\left( \Omega \right) $$

∂
∇

u
2

∂
y

,
Δ

u
2

∈

L
2

Ω

.
A Year of COVID-19 Pandemic Roller-Coaster: The Malta Experience, Lessons Learnt, and the Future
Authors: Cuschieri Sarah , Grech Stephan , Grech Victor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a global impact. The study explores the various COVID-19 experiences in Malta over the past year and provides a snapshot of acute and post-acute COVID-19 symptoms, as well as national vaccination roll-out and hesitancy.Methods:Data on medical access, lifestyle habits, acute and post-acute COVID-19 symptoms, and vaccination hesitancy was gathered through a social media survey targeting adults of Malta. COVID-19 data were gathered from the Malta Ministry of Health COVID-19 dashboard.Results:Malta controlled COVID-19 spread exceptionally well initially. Since August 2020, the positivity rate, mortality, and hospital admission rates saw a fluctuating incline. From COVID-19 onset, a decrease in physical activity and an increase in body weight was reported. Most participants acquiring COVID-19 were asymptomatic but nontrivial proportion experienced post-acute symptoms. The majority opted to take the COVID-19 vaccine with only a minority expressing safety concerns.Conclusions:Malta has experienced roller coaster events over a year. The population faced elevated levels of morbidity, mortality, and economic hardship along with negative and positive risk-associated behaviors. Vaccination in combination with population adherence to social distancing, mask wearing, and personal hygiene are expected to be the beacons of hope in the coming months.
Predictive Ability of the MEWS, REMS, and RAPS in Geriatric Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Emergency Department
Authors: Özdemir Serdar , Algın Abdullah , Akça Hatice Şeyma , Altunok İbrahim , Kokulu Kâmil , Eroğlu Serkan Emre , Aksel Gökhan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this study was to compare the ability of the Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), and Rapid Acute Physiology Score (RAPS) to predict 30-d mortality in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection aged 65 y and over.

Methods:
This prospective, single-center, observational study was carried out with 122 volunteers aged 65 y and over with patients confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection according to the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, who presented to the emergency department between March 1, 2020, and May 1, 2020. Demographic data, comorbidities, vital parameters, hematological parameters, and MEWS, REMS, and RAPS values of the patients were recorded prospectively.

Results:
Among the 122 patients included in the study, the median age was 71 (25th-75th quartile: 67-79) y. The rate of 30-d mortality was 10.7% for the study cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for MEWS, RAPS, and REMS were 0.512 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.420-0.604; P = 0.910), 0.500 (95% CI: 0.408-0.592; P = 0.996), and 0.675 (95% CI: 0.585-0.757; P = 0.014), respectively. The odds ratios of MEWS (≥2), RAPS (>2), and REMS (>5) for 30-d mortality were 0.374 (95% CI: 0.089-1.568; P = 0.179), 1.696 (95% CI: 0.090-31.815; P = 0.724), and 1.008 (95% CI: 0.257-3.948; P = 0.991), respectively.

Conclusions:
REMS, RAPS, and MEWS do not seem to be useful in predicting 30-d mortality in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection presenting to the emergency department.
A Case for Cross-Border Governance? A Comparative Trend Assessment of COVID-19 Transmission, Vaccination, and Outcomes Among 35 Nations in Europe Across 18 months
Authors: Cuschieri Sarah , Cuschieri Andrea , Farrugia Elysia , Diacono Emily , Balzan Elaine , Grupetta Miguel , Vella Alessia , Cutajar Catriona , Formosa Martina , Barbara Matthias , Mintoff Franziska , Shaw Conor , Fleri-Soler Samuel , Borg Norbert , Pace Gillian , Vella Lauren , Pisani Robert , Attard-mallia Tamara , Gouder Mattea , Attard Rosie , Grixti Nicole , Scicluna Mark , Borda Timothy , Bartolo Katya , Chircop Ruben , Degabrielle-Ferrante Etienne , Mallia Mariah , Attard Miguel , Frendo Naomi , Gatt Gianluca , Damato Greta , Riolo Nicole , Muscat-Baron Lorna , Galea Matteo , Grech Elizabeth 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread globally, including across Europe, resulting in different morbidity and mortality outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic over 18 mo in relation to the effect of COVID-19 vaccination at a population level across 35 nations in Europe, while evaluating the data for cross-border epidemiological trends to identify any pertinent lessons that can be implemented in the future.

Methods:
Epidemiological data were obtained from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and Our World in Data databases while Ministry of Health websites of each respective country and local newspapers were used for COVID-19-related vaccination strategies. Case, mortality, and vaccination incidence comparative analyses were made across neighboring countries.

Results:
Similar morbidity and mortality outcomes were evident across neighboring countries over 18 mo, with a bidirectional relationship evident between cumulative fully vaccinated population and case fatality rates.

Conclusion:
Countries’ COVID-19 outcome is related on national mitigative measures, vaccination rollouts, and neighboring countries’ actions and COVID-19 situations. Mass population vaccination appeared to be effective in reducing COVID-19 case severity and mortality rates. Vaccination equity and pan-European commitment for cross-border governance appear to be the way forward to ensure populations’ return to “normality.”
Responsibility for Sexual Injustices: Toward an Intersectional Account
Authors: Gilson Erinn Cunniff 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPublic discussion of sexual victimization has intensified within the US context and globally. One noteworthy feature of recent public discourse in the US is that it calls for a broadening of responsibility with respect to both the parties involved and the forms of sexual victimization for which people are held to account. Yet often the narratives about responsibility and practices of responsibility-taking that dominate in this discussion remain individualizing and penalizing. This essay takes stock of the myriad failures of responsibility for sexual injustices in these existing practices and narratives. The first section outlines four philosophical objections to common ways of thinking about responsibility. The second section extends these objections by analyzing the dominant neoliberal narrative framework for responsibility so as then to critique how responsibility is thought about and practiced in relation to sexuality. Finally, given the failures of these narratives and practices, the third section elaborates an alternative that can redress them: an intersectional feminist account of responsibility for sexual injustices that is nonpunitive and takes responsibility to be an intentional practice of altering social relations.
Maps meet myths: Understanding Jahai place naming through Geographical Information Systems
Authors: Villette Julia , Burenhult Niclas , Purves Ross S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPlacenames are seemingly universal, with the potential to reveal different systems of organizing information in everyday communication. We report on the relationship between placenames in Jahai, an indigenous language spoken by the Jahai people of the Malay Peninsula, and the environment. Our approach explores the tendency to organize names using a hierarchy of kinship associated with thecnεl,mythological entities in origin stories, which appears to map onto catchment areas. By associating linguistic data with these ethnographic inputs and geographical properties calculated in a Geographic Information System, we generate and make suggestions for productive ways of understanding placenames as systems.
Entrepreneurship through the lens of dynamic managerial capabilities: a review of the literature
Authors: George Nycil , Karna Amit , Sud Mukesh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn a Schumpeterian economic model, dynamic capabilities (DC) help entrepreneurial firms create competitive advantages. However, advancing the construct of DC in entrepreneurship is hampered by the incompatibility of some key assumptions in entrepreneurial ventures. In this paper, we propose that dynamic managerial capabilities (DMC), which builds upon the DC perspective by drawing attention to the role of managers, is a better alternative in analyzing entrepreneurship research. We find support for our ideas in a systematic analysis of extant research. Our review highlights the evolution of DMC literature in entrepreneurship and traces its dominant intellectual structures. In concurrent analysis, we highlight the limitations of utilizing DC. Additionally, we shed new light on the emergence of organizational capabilities, and present new avenues for future research.
Revision ofHistiodella labiosaBauer, 2010, and its inferred phylogeny in the evolution of the Middle Ordovician conodont genusHistiodellaHarris, 1962
Authors: Zhen Yong Yi , Bauer Jeffrey A. , Bergström Stig M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBased on abundant topotype specimens from the Oil Creek Formation at the type locality in southern Oklahoma,Histiodella labiosais described and revised. The morphological variation of the Pa, Pb, and M elements of this previously little-known species is also systematically documented and illustrated. The revised species definition, with formal designation of a lectotype and a new diagnosis supported by morphological comparison with its ancestral and descendent species, has enhanced its value for correlation of the lower Darriwilian. The inferred phylogeny ofHistiodellathat resulted from this study is based on both cladistic and morphological analyses. It supports the monophyletic grouping ofHistiodellaspecies and their evolutionary relationships. This has wide biostratigraphic implications because manyHistiodellaspecies are valuable for detailed global correlation of upper Dapingian to middle Darriwilian strata.
ASPERÓ–MOTA ITERATION AND THE SIZE OF THE CONTINUUM
Authors: YORIOKA TERUYUKI 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we build an Asperó–Mota iteration of length
$\omega _2$
that adds a family of
$\aleph _2$
many club subsets of
$\omega _1$
which cannot be diagonalized while preserving
$\aleph _2$
. This result discloses a technical limitation of some types of Asperó–Mota iterations.
Misperceptions about Immigration: Reviewing Their Nature, Motivations and Determinants
Authors: Lutz Philipp , Bitschnau Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAcross Western democracies, immigration has become one of the most polarizing and salient issues, with public discourses and individual attitudes often characterized by misperceptions. This condition undermines people's ability to develop informed opinions on the matter and runs counter to the ideal of deliberative democracy. Yet, our understanding of what makes immigration so prone to misperceptions is still limited – a conundrum that this review seeks to answer in three steps. First, we take stock of the existing evidence on the nature of misperceptions about immigration. Secondly, we borrow from diverse bodies of literature to identify their motivational underpinnings and elaborate on how the protection of group identity, the defence of self-interest and security concerns can lead to distorted perceptions of immigration. Thirdly, we highlight relevant determinants of misperceptions at the level of both contextual influences and individual predispositions. We conclude that misperceptions about immigration are ubiquitous and likely to remain a key element of immigration politics.
Running on Empty: Fossil Fuels, Local Fuels, and Entangled Infrastructures in Colonial Senegal, 1885–1945
Authors: Cropper John 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article examines the history of energy use in colonial Senegal from 1885 to 1945, and it considers how African populations and French colonial officials built a colonial energy economy through overlapping and competing infrastructures of local and imported fuels, labor, and networks of transportation. As the colonial state constructed a new system of infrastructure, from railways and roads to trains and trucks, the French extended their reach into the interior and increased the production of cash crops. At the same time, peasant farmers, migrant workers, and urban merchants incorporated colonial infrastructures into their own regimes of energy use while also fashioning an infrastructure of locally produced fuels. Through the entanglement of local and colonial infrastructures and labor, as well as the appropriation of various forms of technology, Africans and their colonizers forged a hybrid colonial energy economy — not organic, not industrial — specific to the context of colonialism.
‘I especially loved the little Nana dancing on the balcony’: The emergence, formation, and circulation of chronotopes in mass-mediated communication
Authors: De Fina Anna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article I focus on the formation and evaluation of chronotopes in social media. More specifically, I analyze the case of a ‘chronotope of the balcony performance’ that emerged in Italy in 2020 during the Covid-19 lockdown. The corpus of the study is constituted by 125 top postings resulting from a Twitter search based on the words Italy, lockdown, and balcony. In line with other scholars (see Goebel 2020), I argue that chronotopes in mass-mediated environments are formed through repetition and recycling of the same or similar semiotic material. I show how in social media expanded participation and the use of trans-semiotic and trans-medial resources ensure wide circulation of images and texts. I also point to the central role of stance taking by users in the constitution of the chronotope as a cultural object, particularly through generalizations and upscaling. (Chronotopes, Covid-19, discourse circulation, stance, scales)*
Social exclusion and health outcomes among empty nest and non-empty nest older people in China
Authors: Feng Zhixin , Phillips David R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMany existing studies lack a comprehensive picture of the social exclusion statuses and health outcomes of empty nesters and those empty nesters living alone or with a spouse only. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on representative national data from the 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, focusing on respondents aged 60 and above (N = 7,923). Four dimensions of social exclusion (social relationships, subjective feeling of being excluded, social activities and financial products) and three health outcomes (self-reported health (SRH), activities of daily living (ADLs) and depression), were considered. Results show that ‘empty nest’ older people were more likely to be excluded from social relationships and to experience subjective feelings of being excluded, and were less likely to participate in social activities than non-empty nesters. Empty nesters were significantly less likely to report fair SRH and ADL difficulties than non-empty nesters, but they were more likely to report having depression than non-empty nesters. Among ‘empty nest’ older people, empty nesters who were living alone were associated with higher levels of being excluded from social relationships and to experience subjective feelings of being excluded than those who were living with a spouse only. Future research could focus on the development of age-friendly communities which act as health interventions to address relevant situations of social exclusion and depression among empty nesters.
L1 acquisition of the tense-aspect markers -ess (past-perfective) and -ko iss (imperfective) in Korean
Authors: RYU Ju-Yeon , SHIRAI Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated whether Korean children follow the acquisition pattern predicted by the Aspect Hypothesis (Shirai & Andersen, 1995), and the relationship between caretakers’ and children’s speech. Accordingly, we analyzed a Korean corpus (Ryu-Corpus) on the CHILDES database (MacWhinney, 2000), which comprised longitudinal video-recorded interactions of three Korean children and their caregivers. Results indicate that the children used the past marker -ess principally with telic verbs, consistent with the Aspect Hypothesis. Each child’s usage closely reflects the caretaker’s frequency, yielding a high correlation (τb = 0.79). However, the acquisition of the imperfective marker -ko iss did not show a predicted association with activity verbs, contrary to the Aspect Hypothesis. Furthermore, caretakers’ input did not correlate with the children’s utterances of the imperfective marker (τb = 0.40). We argue that multiple factors such as input frequency, language-specific organization of aspectual semantics, and individual differences should be considered to explain tense-aspect acquisition.
Pseudo-relatives and restrictive-relatives in child Mandarin
Authors: HSU Chun-Chieh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated why object-gap relative clauses (RCs) are dominant in early child Mandarin. We discuss how restrictive-RCs differ from pseudo-RCs syntactically and pragmatically, and examine how these two types of RCs are distributed in the RC utterances of ten children and their caregivers. The results showed that (a) Mandarin-speaking children produce many more pseudo-RCs than restrictive-RCs, (b) restrictive-RCs exhibit a subject-gap advantage and are dominantly headed, and (c) pseudo-RCs exhibit an object-gap advantage and are dominantly headless. We propose that the development of restrictive-RCs is mainly influenced by the structural factor, and that the extensive use of pseudo-RCs is attributed to the communicative needs of young children. Our findings also suggest that young children’s pseudo-RCs tend to have a subject-focus reading, and the object-gap dominance observed in the pseudo-RCs of child Mandarin is related to the head-final RCs and the special structural features of the cleft construction in Mandarin.