bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How β-cyclodextrin- loaded mesoporous SiO2 nanospheres ensure efficient adsorption of rifampicin
Authors: Sun Xun , Chen Mingming , Lei Jiayu , Liu Xinran , Ke Xin , Liu Wengang , Wang Jingkuan , Gao Xiaodan , Liu Xin , Zhang Yun 
Published: December 2022

In this study, β-CD@mesoporous SiO2 nanospheres (β-CD@mSi) were prepared by loading β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) onto mesoporous silica nanospheres through an in situ synthesis. This not only solved the defect of β-CD being easily soluble in water, but also changed the physical structure of the mesoporous silica nanospheres. FTIR and XPS results showed that β-CD was successfully loaded onto mesoporous silica nanospheres (mSi), while enhancing the adsorption effect. β-CD@mSi with a monomer diameter of about 150 nm were prepared. At a temperature of 298k, the removal efficiency of a 100 mg/L solution of rifampicin can reach 90% in 4 h and the adsorption capacity was 275.42 mg g−1 at high concentration. Through the calculation and analysis of adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms and adsorption thermodynamics based on the experimental data, the reaction is a spontaneous endothermic reaction dominated by chemical adsorption. The electron transfer pathway, structure–activity relationship and energy between β-CD@mSi and rifampicin were investigated by quantum chemical calculations. The accuracy of the characterization test results to judge the adsorption mechanism was verified, to show the process of rifampicin removal by β-CD@mSi more clearly and convincingly. The simulation results show that π–π interaction plays a major interaction in the reaction process, followed by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.
Mutation spectrum of PTS gene in patients with tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency from jiangxi province
Authors: Xie Kang , Zeng Baitao , Zhang Liuyang , Chen Shaohong , Zou Yongyi , Yuan Huizhen , Huang Shuhui , Wang Feng , Lu Qing , Liu Yanqiu , Yang Bicheng 
Published: December 2022

Background: Hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) is the most common inborn error in amino acid metabolism. It can be primarily classified into phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency. BH4 deficiency (BH4D) is caused by genetic defects in enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and regeneration of BH4. 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS/PTS), which is encoded by the PTS gene, participates in the biosynthesis of BH4. PTPS deficiency (PTPSD) is the major cause of BH4D. In this study, we investigated that the prevalence of BH4D in Jiangxi province was approximately 12.5 per 1,000,000 live births (69/5,541,627). Furthermore, the frequency of BH4D was estimated to be 28.8% (69/240) in the HPA population of Jiangxi. In this study, we aimed to characterize the mutational spectrum of the PTS gene in patients with PTPSD from Jiangxi province.Method: Newborn screening data of Jiangxi province from 1997 to 2021 were analyzed and 53 families with PTPSD were enrolled for the analysis of the PTS gene variants by Sanger sequencing.Results: 106 variants were identified in 106 alleles of 53 patients with PTPSD, including 13 types of variants reported previously, and two novel variants (c.164-36A&gt;G and c.146_147insTG). The predominant variant was c.259C&gt;T (47.2%), followed by c.84-291A&gt;G (19.8%), c.155A&gt;G (8.5%), c.286G&gt;A (6.6%) and c.379C&gt;T (4.7%).Conclusion: The results of this study can not only provide guidance for the molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling in cases of PTPS deficiency but also enrich the PTS mutation database.
Cytotoxic secondary metabolites isolated from Penicillium sp. YT2019-3321, an endophytic fungus derived from Lonicera Japonica
Authors: Weng Wenya , Jiang Shicui , Sun Chuchu , Pan Xiaofu , Xian Li , Lu Xuemian , Zhang Chi 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionEndophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants have proven to possess a high potential to produce structurally diverse metabolites, some of which are valuable for medicinal applications. In this study, Penicillium sp. YT2019-3321, an endophytic fungus derived from traditional Chinese medicine Lonicera japonica, was chemically studied.MethodsThe chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by a correlative interpretation of HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The optical resolution of (±)-1 by chiral HPLC yielded individual enantiomers (+)-1 and (–)-1, and their stereochemistry were solved by X-ray diffraction crystallography, respectively.Results and discussionEight structurally diversified secondary metabolites, including two previously unreported polyketides, named (±)-chrysoalide B (1) and penicidone E (2), were isolated and identified from Penicillium sp. YT2019-3321. Compound 2 possessed the γ-pyridone nucleus, which is rarely found in natural products. Cytotoxic assay revealed that the new compound 2 demonstrated a dose-dependent cytotoxicity against the human pancreatic tumor cells PATU8988T with the IC50 value of 11.4 μM. Further studies indicated that 2 significantly induced apoptosis of PATU8988T cell lines, characterized by the morphologies abnormity, the reduction of cell number, the upregulation of proportion of apoptotic cells, and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax. Our study demonstrates that fungal secondary metabolites may have important significance in the discovery of drug leads.
Evaluation of the non-auditory neurocognitive test MoCA-HI for hearing-impaired
Authors: Völter Christiane , Fricke Hannah , Götze Lisa , Labrenz Franziska , Tokic Marianne , Wirth Rainer , Nasreddine Ziad S. , Dawes Piers 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundSince hearing loss and cognitive decline often co-occur among older adults, a cognitive screening test suitable for hearing-impaired people is of high clinical relevance. We report the first evaluation of a German language version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment—Hearing Impaired version (MoCA-HI).ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to compare cognitively healthy participants with and without hearing loss, to examine the impact of age, sex, educational level and degree of hearing impairment on the German MoCA-HI performance, and to develop normative data.Material and methodsThe German MoCA-HI was tested in 94 participants with normal or mild hearing impairment (group 1: 4PTA ≤ 40 dB on the better hearing ear) and 81 participants with moderate to profound hearing loss (group 2: 4PTA &gt; 40 dB on the better hearing ear). Additionally, all participants performed the standard MoCA (version 8.2).ResultsNo significant group difference between group 1 and 2 was found in the MoCA-HI total score (p = 0.05). In contrast, group 1 performed significantly better than group 2 on the standard MoCA (p &lt; 0.001). There was no difference between the MoCA and the MoCA-HI performance in group 1 (p = 0.12), whereas individuals of group 2 performed significantly better on the MoCA-HI than on the standard MoCA (p &lt; 0.001). Test-retest reliability of the MoCA-HI was high (p &lt; 0.001). Higher age (p &lt; 0.001), male sex (p = 0.009) and lower education (p &lt; 0.001) were associated with a lower overall MoCA-HI score. Based on the demographic data normative data were developed by a regression-based approach.ConclusionThe MoCA-HI is a cognitive screening test which is suitable for people with hearing impairment.
Visualization of both proximal M2-MCA segments in patients (the Tilted-V Sign) with acute M1-MCA occlusion stroke is associated with better procedural and prognostic outcomes
Authors: Azriel Amit , Horev Anat , Avraham Elad , Alguayn Farouq , Zlotnik Yair , Ifergane Gal , Sufaro Yuval Zeev , Dizitzer Yotam , Melamed Israel , Shelef Ilan , Cohen José E. , Leker Ronen R. , Honig Asaf 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionWe aimed to assess the clinical significance of M1-MCA occlusion with visualization of both MCA-M2 segments [“Tilted-V sign” (TVS)] on initial CT angiography (CTA) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).MethodsData for patients with consecutive AIS undergoing EVT for large vessel occlusion (LVO) in two academic centers are recorded in ongoing databases. Patients who underwent EVT for M1-MCA occlusions ≤ 6 h from symptom onset were included in this retrospective analysis.ResultsA total of 346 patients met the inclusion criteria; 189 (55%) had positive TVS. Patients with positive TVS were younger (68 ± 14 vs. 71 ± 14 years, P = 0.028), with similar rates of vascular risk factors and baseline modified Rankin scores (mRS) 0–2. The rates of achieving thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia (TICI) 2b-3 were similar to the two groups (79%), although successful first-pass recanalization was more common with TVS (64 vs. 36%, p = 0.01). On multivariate analysis, higher collateral score [odds ratio (OR) 1.38 per unit increase, p = 0.008] and lower age (OR 0.98 per year increase, p = 0.046) were significant predictors of TVS. Patients with positive TVS had higher post-procedural Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS; 6.9 ± 2.2 vs. 5.2 ± 2.3, p = 0.001), were discharged with lower National Institutes of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS; 6±6 vs. 9±7, p = 0.003) and higher rates of mRS 0–2 (29.5 vs. 12%, p = 0.001), and had lower rates of 90-day mortality (13.2 vs. 21.6%, p = 0.038). However, TVS was not an independent predictor of functional independence (OR 2.51; 95% CI 0.7–8.3).ConclusionTilted-V Sign, an easily identifiable radiological marker, is associated with fewer recanalization attempts, better functional outcomes, and reduced mortality.
Hydroxy-α-sanshool isolated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. has antidiabetic effects on high-fat-fed and streptozotocin-treated mice via increasing glycogen synthesis by regulation of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/GS signaling
Authors: Zhang Qing , Li Ruo-Lan , Wang Ling-Yu , Zhang Ting , Qian Die , Tang Dan-Dan , He Cheng-Xun , Wu Chun-Jie , Ai Li 
Published: December 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. The fruits of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. is a common spice and herbal medicine in China, and hydroxy-α-sanshool (HAS) is the most abundant amide in Z. bungeanum and reported to have significant hypoglycemic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of HAS on T2DM and the potential mechanisms responsible for those effects. An acute toxicity test revealed the median lethal dose (LD50) of HAS is 73 mg/kg. C57BL/6 J mice were fed a high-fat diet and given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce T2DM in mice to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of HAS. The results showed that HAS significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, reduced pathological changes in the liver and pancreas, and increased liver glycogen content. In addition, glucosamine (GlcN)-induced HepG2 cells were used to establish an insulin resistance cell model and explore the molecular mechanisms of HAS activity. The results demonstrated that HAS significantly increases glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in HepG2 cells and activates the PI3K/Akt pathway in GlcN-induced cells, as well as increases GSK-3β phosphorylation, suppresses phosphorylation of glycogen synthase (GS) and increases glycogen synthesis in liver cells. Furthermore, these effects of HAS were blocked by the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. The results of our study suggest that HAS reduces hepatic insulin resistance and increases hepatic glycogen synthesis by activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β/GS signaling pathway.
Applying Apriori algorithm to explore long-term care services usage status—Variables based on the combination of patients with dementia and their caregivers
Authors: Chen Yen-Jen , Jhang Kai-Ming , Wang Wen-Fu , Lin Guan-Cheng , Yen Shao-Wei , Wu Hsin-Hung 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study was to identify the combination of patients with dementia and their caregivers' characteristics associated with long-term care (LTC) services usage.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 475 patients with mild, moderate, and severe dementia at Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan. Eleven types of variables from patients with dementia, nine types of variables from patients' caregivers, and 15 types of LTC services were used for this study. The Apriori algorithm was employed to identify the attributes from the patients and their caregivers who used a particular LTC service from a comprehensive viewpoint.ResultsA total of 75 rules were generated by the Apriori algorithm with support of 2%, confidence of 80%, and lift &gt;1. Among these rules, 25 rules belonged to home personal care services which were summarized further into four general rules for home personal care services. On the other hand, 50 rules belonged to assistive devices that were summarized further into 21 general rules based on their similarities. Patient's walking ability, patient's emotional liability, unemployed or retired caregivers, caregivers' feelings with either helplessness or hopelessness, and caregivers who cared for patients with dementia solely were found to be the critical variables to use home personal care services. In contrast, patient's walking ability, age, and severity as well as caregivers' age, mood, marital status, caregiving burden, and the patient being cared for mainly by a foreign care helper were found to be the critical variables to use assistive devices.ConclusionThis study showed preliminary results on the LTC service usage from patients with dementia and their caregivers residing in the community. Understanding the patient–caregiver dyad's profile leads the service providers, policymakers, and the referral team to tailor service provisions better to meet the needs and identify the potential target groups. The findings in this study serve as references to reduce caregivers' burden as well as to improve the quality of care for patients with dementia.
Promoting college students’ systems thinking in asynchronous discussions: Encouraging students initiating questions
Authors: Yu Yawen , Chen Gaowei , Tao Yang , Li Xiaofeng , Yang Lina , Dong Shengwen 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSystems thinking is one of the most important thinking skills for medical students. Most of the studies focused on designing technological-rich learning environments which usually take several weeks or months to implement. However, the occurring of COVID-19 health crisis does not allow extensive period of time to implement classroom interventions. How to support students’ systems thinking in fully online environments remains an issue. This study examines if encouraging students initiating questions on asynchronous discussion forum supports their systems thinking development.MethodsTwenty-two junior students participated in this study. We compared if and how students developed systems thinking when they were encouraged asking questions in asynchronous discussion forums in one unit with another unit in which traditional method was used. Multiple analytical methods were applied in this study, including, social network analysis, epistemic network analysis, inferential statistical analysis and qualitative analysis.ResultsQuantitative results showed that all students improved systems thinking compared with traditional teaching unit among which leader students improved most. Further analysis on students’ discussion posts suggested leader students asked high systems thinking level questions and provided high level responses. Epistemic network analysis unpacked how leader, regular and peripheral students engaged in initiating questions and providing responses differently.DiscussionThis study provides methodological and practical contributions. Methodologically, this study extends prior methods of applying network analysis beyond its original preservice teacher training contexts; practically, this study provides strategies to practitioners to support students’ asynchronous forum discussions.
Utilising online eye-tracking to discern the impacts of cultural backgrounds on fake and real news decision-making
Authors: Brockinton Amanda , Hirst Sam , Wang Ruijie , McAlaney John , Thompson Shelley 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionOnline eye-tracking has been used in this study to assess the impacts of different cultural backgrounds on information discernment. An online platform called RealEye allowed participants to engage in the eye-tracking study from their personal computer webcams, allowing for higher ecological validity and a closer replication of social media interaction.MethodsThe study consisted of two parts with a total of five visuals of social media posts mimicking news posts on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. Participants were asked to view examples of real and fake news taken from a news fact-checking website, Snopes, and their eye movements were recorded during the process. Participants were recruited through Prolific and SONA; the total sample size for study 1.1 was 29 participants, and the total for study 1.2 was 25 participants, after removing poor eye-tracking data. A total of five visual images comprising true and false news were shown to the participant, study 1.1 had three examples and study 1.2 had two examples. There were two main cultural backgrounds in focus: participants born in China or the United Kingdom.ResultsResults suggested that participants follow a similar visual pattern of attention to Areas of Interest (AOIs) on the posts, which leads us to believe that due to the global standardisation of popular social media platforms, a bias might have occurred during information discernment.DiscussionIt is suggested that regardless of country background, users may have similar eye-tracking results while viewing a social media post because social media platform formats are standardised globally. Further research would recommend looking at language and linguistic traits when seeking differences between country backgrounds during online information discernment.
Socialização da linguagem e construção de conhecimento em PLH: a prática pedagógica com quadrinhos no contexto universitário
Authors: Caldeira Brízzida , Gastão Saliés Tânia Mara 
Published: December 2022

A crescente imigração de brasileiros para países no exterior vem acarretando interesse em escala pelo português como língua de herança (PLH). Neste artigo, o desenvolvimento do PLH de um graduando da Universidade de Rennes 2 é analisado sob o enquadramento teórico-analítico da Linguística Cognitiva e da Socialização da Linguagem. O propósito foi verificar que processos cognitivos são propiciados na prática pedagógica de leitura mediada por quadrinhos e que relação têm com a narrativa produzida pelo aluno na fase de pós-leitura. Para tal, a prática pedagógica e a narrativa são examinadas. A análise sublinha ter o aluno recuperado categorias evocadas durante a pré-leitura e a leitura e gerado ideias inéditas em sua narrativa, por mesclagem.
A educação ambiental e o uso dos espaços físicos escolares: o que dizem os indicadores de avaliação sobre as escolas públicas estaduais de Curitiba -PR
Authors: Silva Bianca de Morais , Vieira Solange Reiguel , Campos Marília Andrade Torales 
Published: December 2022

Diante de um modelo de desenvolvimento desordenado e do distanciamento crescente entre a sociedade e a natureza, as escolas emergem como um importante espaço de resistência social para ruptura de determinadas práticas e a necessária transformação socioambiental. Seus espaços físicos, contudo, apresentam significativas limitações quanto à ambientalização e potencial de sensibilização dos sujeitos que ali atuam. Diante dessas problemáticas, buscou-se, por meio da aplicação de uma matriz de indicadores, analisar aspectos relacionados à gestão do espaço físico das escolas estaduais do município de Curitiba-PR, visando identificar seu potencial no desenvolvimento da Educação Ambiental. A matriz de indicadores foi composta por quatro dimensões: currículo, gestão, espaço físico e comunidade. Neste artigo serão apresentados dados relativos à dimensão espaço físico. Os resultados apontaram potencialidades e fragilidades do cenário das escolas participantes, possibilitando a utilização da análise para o monitoramento e planejamentos das escolas, com vistas à implementação de espaços educadores sustentáveis.
Palavras-chave: Educação Ambiental, Espaço Físico, Indicadores, Espaços Educadores Sustentáveis.
The Development of Human Resources Capacity on Children’s Forum in Tanjungpinang City Throught “Becoming Z Generation Researcher” Workshop
Authors: Siti Utari Diah , Arfa Desmayati , Rianto Rianto , Matridi Raja Abumanshur 
Published: December 2022

The big role which must be carried out by an organization called Tanjungpinang City Children's Forum requires the capacity of the organization's human resources to carry out both roles as pioneers, reporters, and participation in planning development to raise the issues of fulfilling children's rights. In addition, the characteristics of Children's Forum human resources are included in the generation Z group, which is known close to technology, which becomes the basis for this service activity. Through a collaboration, the Forum for Public Participation for the Welfare of Women and Children (PUSPA) Gurindam Tanjungpinang City which is also an independent partner of the Tanjungpinang city government also contributes by providing knowledge and skills in the use of application technology related to research methodologies required by the board of Tanjungpinang City Children's Forum through the Workshop of “Becoming Z Generation Researcher”. After this workshop, it is hoped that it will have an impact on increasing knowledge and skills which are useful in raising the development of phenomena and issues related to the fulfillment of children's rights in Tanjungpinang city. The location of this activity is centered in the hall of the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, and Community Empowerment (DP3APM) in Tanjungpinang City for a full day with the target group of representatives of the Village Children Forum administrators throughout Tanjungpinang city.
Abstrak
Besarnya peran yang harus dijalankan oleh organisasi Forum Anak Kota Tanjungpinang menuntut kapasitas sumber daya manusia organisasi dalam menjalankan peran baik sebagai pelopor, pelapor serta partisipasi dalam perencanaan pembangunan dalam mengangkat isu-isu pemenuhan hak anak. Karakteristik sumber daya manusia Forum Anak juga termasuk dalam kelompok generasi Z yang dikenal dekat dengan teknologi inilah sehingga menjadi dasar kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan. Melalui kolaborasi, Forum Partisipasi Publik untuk Kesejahteraan Perempuan dan Anak (PUSPA) Gurindam Kota Tanjungpinang sebagai mitra independen dari pemerintah daerah kota Tanjungpinang turut berkontribusi dengan memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan (skill) penggunaan teknologi aplikasi terkait metodologi penelitian yang diperlukan oleh pengurus Forum Anak Kota Tanjungpinang melalui Workshop “Menjadi Peneliti Generasi Z”. Kegiatan workshop ini diharapkan akan berdampak pada peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang bermanfaat dalam mengangkat fenomena dan isu yang berkembang berkaitan dengan pemenuhan hak anak di Kota Tanjungpinang. Lokasi kegiatan dipusatkan di Aula Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Perlindungan Anak dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (DP3APM) Kota Tanjungpinang selama sehari penuh dengan kelompok sasaran perwakilan pengurus Forum Anak Kelurahan se-kota Tanjungpinang.