bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iron deficiency and symptoms in women aged 20–49 years and relation to upper gastrointestinal and colon cancers
Authors: Szpakowski Jean-Luc , Tucker Lue-Yen 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveIron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in women aged 20–49 years may be caused by menses or gastrointestinal cancer. Data are sparse on the yield of endoscopy/colonoscopy in this population. Our aim was to determine the association of IDA and symptoms with cancers.DesignRetrospective cohort study within Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Participants were women aged 20–49 years tested for iron stores and anaemia during 1998, 2004 and 2010 and followed for 5 years for outcomes of oesophageal, gastric and colon cancers. Symptoms from the three prior years were grouped into dysphagia, upper gastrointestinal (UGI), lower gastrointestinal (LGI), rectal bleeding and weight loss.ResultsAmong 9783 anaemic women aged 20–49 years, there were no oesophageal, 6 gastric and 26 colon cancers. Incidences per 1000 for gastric cancer with and without iron deficiency (ID) were 0.60 (95% CI 0.23 to 1.55) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.17 to 2.31), and for colon cancer, 2.72 (95% CI 1.72 to 4.29) and 2.53 (95% CI 1.29 to 4.99). Endoscopies for UGI or dysphagia symptoms rather than bidirectional endoscopy for ID yielded more gastric cancers (n=5 and n=4, respectively) with fewer procedures (3793 instead of 6627). Colonoscopies for LGI or rectal bleed instead of for ID would detect more colon cancers (n=19 and n=18) with about 40% of the procedures (=2793/6627).ConclusionsUGI and colon cancers were rare in women of menstruating age and when controlled for anaemia were as common without as with ID. Using symptoms rather than IDA as an indication for endoscopy found equal numbers of cancers with fewer procedures.
Korean OBEsity Surgical Treatment Study (KOBESS): protocol of a prospective multicentre cohort study on obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
Authors: Park Young Suk , Park Do Joong , Lee Joo Ho , Lee Hyuk-Joon , Ha Tae Kyung , Kim Yong-Jin , Ryu Seung-Wan , Han Sang-Moon , Yoo Moon-Won , Park Sungsoo , Han Sang-Uk , Heo Yoonseok 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionBariatric surgery effectively induces long-term weight loss in Western populations. However, its effectiveness in Asians remains to be confirmed objectively. The Korean Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery proposes the first prospective cohort study on Koreans undergoing bariatric surgery.Methods and analysisThe Korean OBEsity Surgical treatment Study (KOBESS) is a prospective, multicentre, single-arm, observational, cohort study on morbidly obese patients who undergo primary sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in Korea. In total, 100 consecutive obese Asian patients who will undergo bariatric surgery will be recruited in 2016–2017; follow-up will be for 1 year. Primary outcomes are change in body weight and waist circumference at 1 year. All patients will undergo anthropometry, laboratory tests, bioelectrical impedance analysis, gastrofibroscopy, polysomnography and fat-measuring CT before and after surgery. Patients with diabetes will also undergo perioperative oral glucose tolerance and endocrinological hormone tests. Hypertensive patients will also undergo perioperative echocardiography and carotid Doppler ultrasonography. Female patients suspected of having polycystic ovarian syndrome will also undergo perioperative hormone tests and abdominal ultrasonography. Visceral and subcutaneous fat will be harvested during surgery. Blood, stool and urine samples will be taken at various perioperative time points. Although the cohort is small and the follow-up duration is relatively short, this study will determine whether bariatric surgery induces satisfactory weight loss in obese Koreans. Significantly, the tissue samples will also facilitate many studies examining the effects of bariatric surgery and their mechanisms.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the institutional review board of each participating hospital. All findings arising from this cohort study will be published in open-access peer-reviewed journals and will be presented at national and international meetings. All KOBESS investigators will be able to propose research studies and potential publications based on KOBESS data and tissue samples.Trial registration numberNCT03100292; Pre-results.
Why India is struggling to feed their young children? A qualitative analysis for tribal communities
Authors: Lakhanpaul Monica , Roy Susrita , Benton Lorna , Lall Marie , Khanna Rajesh , Vijay Virendra Kumar , Sharma Sanjay , Manikam Logan , Santwani Neha , Reddy Hanimi , Chaturvedi Hemant , Allaham Shereen , Pattanaik Satya Prakash , Singh Tol , Pandya Pramod , Dang Priyanka , Parikh Priti 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis interdisciplinary qualitative study aims to explore the health, education, engineering and environment factors impacting on feeding practices in rural India. The ultimate goal of the Participatory Approach for Nutrition in Children: Strengthening Health Education Engineering and Environment Linkages project is to identify challenges and opportunities for improvement to subsequently develop socioculturally appropriate, tailored, innovative interventions for the successful implementation of appropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices locally.DesignQualitative research method, involving five phases: (1) identification of local feeding practices; (2) identification of the local needs and opportunities for children aged 6–24 months; and (3–5) analysis of the gathered qualitative data, intervention design, review and distribution.SettingNine villages in two community development blocks, that is, Ghatol and Kushalgarh, located in the Banswara district in Rajasthan, India.Participants68 participants completed semistructured interviews or focus group discussions including: mothers, grandmothers, auxiliary nurse midwife, Anganwadi worker, ASHA Sahyogini, school teachers and local elected representative.Phenomenon of interestIYCF practices and the factors associated with it.AnalysisThematic analysis.ResultsOur results could be broadly categorised into two domains: (1) the current practices of IYCF and (2) the key drivers and challenges of IYCF. We explicate the complex phenomena and emergent model focusing on: mother’s role and autonomy, knowledge and attitude towards feeding of young children, availability of services and resources that shape these practices set against the context of agriculture and livelihood patterns and its contribution to availability of food as well as on migration cycles thereby affecting the lives of ‘left behind’, and access to basic health, education and infrastructure services.ConclusionsThis interdisciplinary and participatory study explored determinants impacting feeding practices across political, village and household environments. These results shaped the process for cocreation of our context-specific intervention package.
Effectiveness of interventions on healthcare professionals’ understanding and use of conscience: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Lamb Christina , Kennedy Megan , Clark Alex , Pituskin Edith , Kirkwood Ken , Babenko-Mould Yolanda 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionConscience is central to moral decision making. In the context of morally pluralistic workplaces today, healthcare professionals’ conscience may prompt them to make moral decisions to refrain from providing services they morally disagree with. However, such decisions are largely viewed as contentious, giving rise to polarising arguments for and against healthcare professionals’ freedom of conscience. Yet, little work has been done to understand and support healthcare professionals’ conscience. Instead, the rising polarity related to healthcare professionals’ freedom of conscience stems from a central lack of understanding of what conscience is and the relevance it holds for healthcare professionals’ clinical practice. Therefore, the degree and extent to which healthcare professionals are supported to understand and use their conscience is unknown. The objective of this review is to critically analyse the scholarly evidence available to ascertain the effectiveness of interventions that support healthcare professionals to understand and use their conscience in care practice.Methods and analysesAt least two reviewers will systematically review 10 interdisciplinary, scholarly databases to examine qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies including clinical trials pertaining to interventions related to conscience for healthcare professionals. Databases to be searched include: the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Academic Search Complete, ATLA Religion Database, Religion and Philosophy Collection, PhilPapers and Scopus. Databases were searched in May 2021. Study screening, selection, extraction and risk of bias assessments on each study using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool will be independently conducted by independent reviewers. Descriptive data synthesis will be carried out. Statistical analysis and meta-analysis will be conducted as relevant, based on homogeneity of findings. The quality of the aggregate evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations criteria.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this review. This protocol will not involve individual patient information endangering participant rights. The results will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021256943.
Long-term functioning status of COVID-19 survivors: a prospective observational evaluation of a cohort of patients surviving hospitalisation
Authors: Battistella Linamara Rizzo , Imamura Marta , De Pretto Lucas Ramos , Van Cauwenbergh Simon K H A A , Delgado Ramos Vinicius , Saemy Tome Uchiyama Sabrina , Matheus Denise , Kuhn Flavia , Amaral de Oliveira Ana Alice , Souza Naves Gabriella , Rossetti Mirisola Aline , de Quadros Ribeiro Fernando , Tadeu Sugawara Andre , Cantarino Mauricio , Andrade Santos Antunes Cavalca Rafael , Pagano Vanessa , Valentim Marques Melina , Mendes da Silva Elizabeth , Pereira Gomes Alessandra , Fregni Felipe 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThe study investigated the long-term functional status of hospitalised COVID-19 survivors to explore and document their functional situation.DesignThis prospective observational study assessed 801 COVID-19 survivors at 3–11 months after hospital discharge. It analyses participants' sociodemographic background, COVID-19 clinical manifestations, and clinical and functional evaluations.SettingTertiary-level university hospital in São Paulo, Brazil.ParticipantsStudy participants are COVID-19 survivors admitted to hospital care for at least 24 hours to treat acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.Outcome measuresEpworth Sleepiness Scale, EuroQoL-5 Dimensions-5 Levels, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue, Functional Independence Measure, Functional Oral Intake Scale, Handgrip Strength, Insomnia Severity Index, Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale, MRC sum score, Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale, pain Visual Analogue Scale, Post-COVID-19 Functional Status, Timed Up and Go, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0, 1-Minute Sit to Stand Test.ResultsMany participants required invasive mechanical ventilation (41.57%, 333 of 801). Mean age was 55.35±14.58 years. With a mean of 6.56 (SD: 1.58; 95% CI: 6.45 to 6.67) months after hospital discharge, 70.86% (567 of 800) reported limited daily activities, which were severe in 5.62% (45 of 800). They also reported pain and discomfort (64.50%, 516 of 800), breathlessness (64.66%, 514 of 795), and anxiety and depression (57.27%, 457 of 798). Daytime sleepiness and insomnia evaluations showed subthreshold results. Most (92.85%, 727 of 783) participants reported unrestricted oral intake. Data indicated no generalised fatigue (mean score: 39.18, SD: 9.77; 95% CI: 38.50 to 39.86). Assessments showed poor handgrip strength (52.20%, 379 of 726) and abnormal Timed Up and Go results (mean 13.07 s, SD: 6.49). The invasive mechanical ventilation group seemed to have a better handgrip strength however. We found no clear trends of change in their functional status during months passed since hospital discharge.ConclusionsMuscle weakness, pain, anxiety, depression, breathlessness, reduced mobility, insomnia and daytime sleepiness were the most prevalent long-term conditions identified among previously hospitalised COVID-19 survivors.
Smart phone-based transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as adjunctive therapy for hypertension (STAT-H trial): protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tu Jian-Feng , Kang Si-Bo , Wang Li-Qiong , Yan Shi-Yan , Yan Chao-Qun , Su Xin-Tong , Shi Guang-Xia , Mi Bao-Hong , Lin Ying , Wang Yu , Li He-Wen , Wang Xue-Zhou , Wang Xiao , Yang Jing-Wen , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionHypertension is a common risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) may be effective for hypertension, but the evidence remains limited. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the smart phone-based TEAS as adjunctive therapy for hypertension.Methods and analysisThis study is a 52-week cluster randomised controlled trial with 1600 hypertension patients in 32 community health service centres. Patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be randomised into usual care group or TEAS group in a 1:1 ratio. All patients will be provided with usual care as recommended by the guidelines. In addition to this, patients in the TEAS group will receive non-invasive acupoint electrical stimulation for 30 min at home, 4 times weekly for 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be the mean difference in the changes in office systolic blood pressure from baseline to 12 weeks between TEAS and usual care groups. Secondary outcomes will include the change of mean diastolic blood pressure, proportion of patients with controlled blood pressure (blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg), proportion of patients taking antihypertensive drugs, change in number of antihypertensive drugs and changes in 12-item Short-Form. Tertiary outcomes will include change in body mass index, change in waist circumference, physical activity and medication adherence. Safety outcomes will be any serious adverse events and clinical events.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by ethics committee of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (No. 2020BZHYLL0104). Written informed consent will be obtained from all patients before randomisation. Trial results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000039400.
Estimation of tuberculosis incidence at subnational level using three methods to monitor progress towards ending TB in India, 2015–2020
Authors: Jeyashree Kathiresan , Thangaraj Jeromie , Rade Kiran , Modi Bhavesh , Selvaraju Sriram , Velusamy Saravanakumar , Akhil Sasidharan , Vijayageetha Mathavaswami , Sudha Rani Dhanapal , Sabarinathan Ramasamy , Manikandanesan Sakthivel , Elumalai Rajalakshmi , Natarajan Meenakumari , Joseph Bency , Mahapatra Amarendra , Shamim Almas , Shah Amar , Bhardwaj Ashok , Purty Anil , Vadera Bhavin , Sridhar Anand , Chowdhury Aniket , Shafie Asif , Choudhury Avijit , Dhrubjyoti Deka , Solanki Hardik , Sirmanwar Krushna , Khaparde Kshitij , Parmar Malik , Dahiya Nisha , Debdutta Parija , Ahmed Quazi , Ramachandran Ranjani , Prasad Ranjeet , Shinde Rohini , Baruah Rupali , Chauhan Sandeep , Bharaswadkar Sandip , Achanta Shanta , Sharath Burugina Nagaraja , Balakrishnan Shibu , Chandra Shivani , Khumukcham Sophia , Mandal Sudarsan , Chalil Sumitha , Shah Vaibhav , Roddawar Venkatesh , Rao Raghuram , Sachdeva Kuldeep , Murhekar Manoj 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesWe verified subnational (state/union territory (UT)/district) claims of achievements in reducing tuberculosis (TB) incidence in 2020 compared with 2015, in India.DesignA community-based survey, analysis of programme data and anti-TB drug sales and utilisation data.SettingNational TB Elimination Program and private TB treatment settings in 73 districts that had filed a claim to the Central TB Division of India for progress towards TB-free status.ParticipantsEach district was divided into survey units (SU) and one village/ward was randomly selected from each SU. All household members in the selected village were interviewed. Sputum from participants with a history of anti-TB therapy (ATT), those currently experiencing chest symptoms or on ATT were tested using Xpert/Rif/TrueNat. The survey continued until 30 Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases were identified in a district.Outcome measuresWe calculated a direct estimate of TB incidence based on incident cases identified in the survey. We calculated an under-reporting factor by matching these cases within the TB notification system. The TB notification adjusted for this factor was the estimate by the indirect method. We also calculated TB incidence from drug sale data in the private sector and drug utilisation data in the public sector. We compared the three estimates of TB incidence in 2020 with TB incidence in 2015.ResultsThe estimated direct incidence ranged from 19 (Purba Medinipur, West Bengal) to 1457 (Jaintia Hills, Meghalaya) per 100 000 population. Indirect estimates of incidence ranged between 19 (Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli) and 788 (Dumka, Jharkhand) per 100 000 population. The incidence using drug sale data ranged from 19 per 100 000 population in Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli to 651 per 100 000 population in Centenary, Maharashtra.ConclusionTB incidence in 1 state, 2 UTs and 35 districts had declined by at least 20% since 2015. Two districts in India were declared TB free in 2020.
Gendered impact of COVID-19 containment measures on unpaid care work and mental health in Europe: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Gencer Hande , Brunnett Regina , Marchwacka Maria A , Rattay Petra , Staiger Tobias , Tezcan-Güntekin Hürrem , Pöge Kathleen 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionWomen are more likely than men to provide unpaid care work. Previous research has shown that lack of support for various forms of unpaid care work and work-family conflicts have negative impacts on caregivers’ mental health, especially among female caregivers. COVID-19 containment measures may exacerbate existing gender inequalities both in terms of unpaid care work and adverse mental health outcomes. This scoping review protocol describes the systematic approach to review published literature from March 2020 onwards to identify empirical studies and grey literature on the mental health impact of COVID-19 containment measures on subgroups of unpaid caregivers at the intersection of gender and other categories of social difference (eg, ethnicity, age, class) in Europe.Methods and analysisThis scoping review is informed and guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework. We will search the databases Medline, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL, Social Sciences Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts as well as Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA) and hand-search reference lists of selected articles to identify relevant peer-reviewed studies. We will conduct a grey literature search using Google Scholar and targeted hand-search on known international and European websites and include reports, working papers, policy briefs and book chapters that meet the inclusion criteria. Studies that report gender-segregated findings for mental health outcomes associated with unpaid care work in the context of COVID-19 containment measures in Europe will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full texts for inclusion, and extract general information, study characteristics and relevant findings. Results will be synthesized narratively.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a review of published literature; ethics approval is not warranted. The findings of this study will inform public health research and policy. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.
The International Vitreoretinal B-Cell Lymphoma Registry: a protocol paper
Authors: Smith Justine R , Farrall Alexandra L , Davis Janet L , de Boer Joke H , Hall Anthony J , Mochizuki Manabu , Sen H Nida , Takase Hiroshi , ten Dam-van Loon Ninette H , Touitou Valérie , Vasconcelos-Santos Daniel V , Wilson David J , Yeh Steven , Radford Mark H B 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionVitreoretinal lymphoma is a rare ocular cancer with high morbidity and mortality despite treatment. Diagnosis by cytopathology is often delayed, and various molecular and image-based investigations have been developed. Diverse treatments are used, but there is a limited medical evidence to differentiate their effectiveness. We designed an international registry that would collect diagnostic, treatment and outcomes data, to establish new evidence for the management of this cancer.Methods and analysisThe International Vitreoretinal B-Cell Lymphoma Registry will accrue data retrospectively for individuals aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with new or recurrent vitreoretinal B-cell lymphoma on or after 1 January 2020. A steering committee of subspecialised ophthalmologists identified 20 key clinical data items that describe patient demographics, tissue involvements, diagnostic testing, ocular and systemic treatments and treatment complications, and visual acuity and survival outcomes. Customised software was designed to permit collection of these data across a single baseline and multiple follow-up forms. The platform collects data without identifiers and at 3 month reporting intervals. Outcomes of the project will include: (1) descriptions of clinical presentations, and diagnostic and therapeutic preferences; (2) associations between clinical presentations, and diagnostics and treatments, and between diagnostics and treatments (assessed by ORs with 95% CIs); and (3) estimations of rates of vision loss, and progression-free and overall survival (assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimates).Ethics and disseminationThe registry has received Australia-wide approval by a national human research ethics committee. Sites located outside Australia are required to seek local human research ethics review. Results generated through the registry will be disseminated primarily by peer-reviewed publications that are expected to inform clinical practice, as well as educational materials.