bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel Human Conception Optimizer for solving optimization problems
Authors: Acharya Debasis , Das Dushmanta Kumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractComputational techniques are widely used to solve complex optimization problems in different fields such as engineering, finance, biology, and so on. In this paper, the Human Conception Optimizer (HCO) is proposed as a novel metaheuristic algorithm to solve any optimization problems. The idea of this algorithm is based on some biological principles of the human conception process, such as the selective nature of cervical gel in the female reproductive system to allow only healthy sperm cells into the cervix, the guidance nature of mucus gel to help sperm track a genital tracking path towards the egg in the Fallopian tube, the asymmetric nature of flagellar movement which allows sperm cells to move in the reproductive system, the sperm hyperactivation process to make them able to fertilize an egg. Thus, the strategies pursued by the sperm in searching for the egg in the Fallopian tube are modeled mathematically. The best sperm which will meet the position of the egg will be the solution of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed HCO algorithm is examined with a set of basic benchmark test functions called IEEE CEC-2005 and IEEE CEC-2020. A comparative study is also performed between the HCO algorithm and other available algorithms. The significance of the results is verified with statistical test methods. To validate the proposed HCO algorithm, two real-world engineering optimization problems are examined. For this purpose, a complex 14 over-current relay based IEEE 8 bus distribution system is considered. With the proposed algorithm, an improvement of 50% to 60% in total relay operating times is observed comparing with some existing results for the same system. Another engineering problem of designing an optimal proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for a blower driven patient hose mechanical ventilator (MV) is examined. A significant improvement in terms of response time, settling time is observed in the MV system by comparing with existing results.
A pan-cancer analysis of the FAT1 in human tumors
Authors: Wang Ziyao , Lin Kang , Xiao Hai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1) is one of the most mutagenic genes in tumors, and several critical studies have revealed its role in tumors, although no pan-cancer studies are currently available. Therefore, we explored the potential oncogenic role of FAT1 in 33 tumors based on The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omibus datasets. We found that FAT1 was strongly expressed in most tumors and significantly correlated with their prognosis. Additionally, we analyzed the association of FAT1 with tumors from multiple perspectives, including single-cell sequencing, mutations, high tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, immune cell infiltration, and immune microenvironment. Our first pan-cancer study provided a relatively comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic role of FAT1 in tumors.
Effects of Sound Quality on the Accuracy of Telephone Captions Produced by Automatic Speech Recognition: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Bochner Joseph , Indelicato Mark , Konnur Pralhad 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is commonly used to produce telephone captions to provide telecommunication access for individuals who are d/Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH). However, little is known about the effects of degraded telephone audio on the intelligibility of ASR captioning. This research note investigates the accuracy of telephone captions produced by ASR under degraded audio conditions.

Method:
Packet loss, delay, and repetition are common sources of degradation in sound quality for telephone audio. Eleven sets of wideband filtered sentences were degraded by high and low levels of simulated packet loss, delay, and repetition. These sets, along with a clean set of sentences, were submitted to ASR, and the accuracy of the resulting output was evaluated using three metrics: a word recognition score, word error rate, and word information loss.

Results:
The resulting pattern of data indicated the relative impact of each degraded condition on message intelligibility. The high and low packet loss conditions had the largest effect on message intelligibility. This finding was interpreted to indicate that packet loss can have a substantial impact on the accuracy of telephone captions produced with ASR.

Conclusions:
The results of this investigation point to a potential area of improvement in service quality that could have a substantial impact on telecommunication services for consumers who are DHH. Further research in this area is needed to provide additional information concerning the scope and impact of packet loss on the accuracy of telephone captioning produced by ASR.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21699557
Biologische Mineralisation vs. Pathologische Kalzifizierung –
die Rolle des Mineral-Chaperons Fetuin-A
Authors: Winkler Camilla , Hasberg Christian , Jahnen-Dechent Willi 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Mineralien Kalzium und Phosphat sind für den Zellstoffwechsel aller
lebenden Organismen unverzichtbar. Beide Ionen kommen in biologischen
Flüssigkeiten normalerweise in millimolaren Konzentrationen vor. Dies
führt zu einem Löslichkeits- und Transportproblem, da
Kalziumphosphate in Wasser kaum löslich sind und leicht aus
übersättigten Lösungen ausfallen. Mineral-Chaperone
stabilisieren Mineral als Kolloid und ermöglichen so den Transport und
die Clearance nominell übersättigter Mineral-Lösungen.
Am Beispiel des Plasmaproteins Fetuin-A erklären wir die Rolle
systemischer Mineral-Chaperone, insbesondere bei gestörtem
Mineralstoffwechsel. Wir beschreiben den Stoffwechsel kolloidaler
Protein-Mineralkomplexen, die in Anlehnung an Lipoprotein-Partikel
Calciprotein-Partikel, kurz CPP genannt werden. Wir behandeln die Rolle von CPP
bei der physiologischen Knochenbildung und der pathologischen Kalzifizierung.
Wir nennen wesentliche Regulatoren von Ossifizierung und Kalzifizierung auf
Ebene der Gene, Proteine und Metaboliten. Zuletzt erörtern wir
mögliche Therapien von Kalzifizierung anhand eines hierarchischen
Modells von mineralinduziertem Stress.
West-Nil-Virus-Infektion bei 12 Pferden in Mitteldeutschland
Authors: Lohmann Katharina Luise , Sieg Michael , Landmann Maria , Ganzenberg Stefanie , Arnold Corinna , Vahlenkamp Thomas , Ulrich Reiner Georg 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Die Vorstellungsgründe, klinische Symptomatik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Ergebnis der Therapie von 12 Pferden mit klinisch apparenter West-Nil-Virus (WNV)-Infektion werden beschrieben.
Material und Methoden Fallserie
Ergebnisse Die adulten Pferde (Alter 6–18 Jahre, 7 Stuten, 5 Wallache) aus Sachsen oder Sachsen-Anhalt wurden zwischen September 2018 und September 2020 mit unterschiedlichen Vorberichten vorgestellt. Alle Pferde wurden im August oder September vorgestellt und keines der Pferde war gegen das WNV geimpft. Fieber war das häufigste Allgemeinsymptom und trat bei 8/12 Pferden auf. An neurologischen Symptomen traten Muskelfaszikulationen (11/12 Pferde), Ataxie (8/12 Pferde) sowie Hyperästhesie und Kopfschiefhaltung (je 6/12 Pferde) am häufigsten auf. Bei allen Pferden wurde die Infektion mittels Nachweises von IgM sowie neutralisierenden Antikörpern gegen das WNV diagnostiziert, zwei euthanasierte Pferde waren zudem PCR-positiv. Die symptomatische Therapie beinhaltete vor allem nicht-steroidale Antiphlogistika oder Dexamethason sowie Infusionstherapie. Die Dauer des Klinikaufenthaltes betrug im Durchschnitt 7,5 Tage. Sieben Pferde erholten sich laut Besitzerangaben vollständig, für 2 Pferde war keine Information erhältlich.
Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz Die WNV-Enzephalomyelitis muss in Mitteldeutschland seit 2018 als Differentialdiagnose von im Sommer und Spätsommer auftretenden akuten neurologischen Erkrankungen ungeimpfter Pferdes in Betracht gezogen werden. Die beschriebenen Symptome sowie das Ergebnis der Therapie sind weitgehend deckungsgleich mit Berichten aus Nordamerika und anderen europäischen Ländern.
99m-Technetium-Pertechnetat- und 99m-Technetium-Sestamibi-Szintigrafie zur Darstellung von hypofunktionellem Schilddrüsengewebe und Staging bei einem Hund mit Schilddrüsenkarzinom
Authors: Altmann Hannah , Cui Yi , Henrich Manfred , Schaub Sebastian , Thiel Cetina , Moritz Andreas , Bauer Richard , Bauer Natali 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungEine 10-jährige Mischlingshündin wurde aufgrund einer zervikalen Umfangsvermehrung zur Schilddrüsen-Szintigrafie vorgestellt.Aufgrund einer zusätzlichen Hypothyreose, die einen „kalten“ Knoten vermuten ließ, und zur Metastasensuche, erfolgte neben der 99m-Technetium-Pertechnetat (Tc-Pertechnetat)-Szintigrafie eine zweite Szintigrafie mit 99m-Technetium-Sestamibi (Tc-MIBI).Zwanzig Minuten nach intravenöser Gabe von 38 MBq Tc-Pertechnetat waren ein „heißer“ zervikaler und ein intrathorakaler Knoten mit einem „Uptake“ von 8,40 und 0,25 % sichtbar. In der zweiten Szintigrafie 20 Minuten nach intravenöser Gabe von 364 MBq Tc-MIBI und 70 Minuten nach der ersten Szintigrafie zeigten die Knoten nach Abzug der Pertechnetat-Aktivität und Zerfallskorrektur einen „Uptake“ von 0,99 und 0,03 %. Zudem stellten sich in der Schilddrüsenloge beide Schilddrüsenlappen mit einer geringen Tc-MIBI-Aufnahme dar. Das Verhältnis Tc-„Uptake“/Tc-MIBI-„Uptake“ betrug für beide Läsionen 8,48 bzw. 8,33.Nach Exstirpation des zervikalen Tumors ergab die histopathologische Untersuchung atrophisches Schilddrüsengewebe, das von einem expansiv wachsenden gut differenzierten follikulären Schilddrüsenkarzinom fast vollständig verdrängt wurde.Dieser Fallbericht beschreibt Durchführung, Nutzen und rechnerische Korrektur einer aufeinanderfolgenden Pertechnetat- und MIBI-Szintigrafie, die eine Darstellung von hypofunktionellem Schilddrüsengewebe ermöglichte. Die beiden heißen Knoten waren daher und aufgrund ihrer gleichen MIBI-Stoffwechselaktivität als dystopes Gewebe/Metastasen zu werten, wodurch die Hündin in das prognostisch ungünstigere WHO-Stadium IV klassifiziert werden musste. Anders als beim Menschen sollten beim Hund zur Vermeidung einer erneuten Narkose beide Szintigrafien kurz hintereinander durchgeführt werden. Eine qualitative/visuelle Beurteilung des MIBI-Szintigramms ist daher nicht sicher möglich, sodass eine quantitative Beurteilung über den „Uptake“ nach rechnerischer Korrektur der Pertechnetat-Aktivität erfolgen muss.
A Density Functional Theory Study on the Cobalt-Mediated Intramolecular Pauson–Khand Reaction of Enynes Containing a Vinyl Fluoride Moiety
Authors: Escorihuela Jorge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Co2(CO)8-mediated intramolecular Pauson–Khand reaction (PKR) is an effective method for constructing polycyclic structures. Recently, our group reported a series of this type of reaction involving fluorinated enynes that proceed with reasonable reaction rates and yields. However, mechanistic studies involving these fluorinated derivatives in intramolecular PKR are scarce. In this study, density functional theory calculations are used to clarify the mechanism and reactivity of enynes containing a vinyl fluoride moiety for this reaction. In agreement with previous studies, alkene insertion is considered to be the rate-determining step for the overall Pauson–Khand reaction of enynes containing a vinyl fluoride moiety. The effect of the substituent on the Co2(CO)8-mediated intramolecular Pauson–Khand reaction has also been investigated. When introducing heteroatoms as tethering units, the fluorinated enynes exhibited lower reactivity than the malonate homologues, whereas the use of a sulfur-based tether was unsuccessful. This computational study provides detailed information about the PKR mechanism and transition-state structures, and the results are validated with previous experimental results.
Deciphering electric field induced spatial pattern formation in the photosensitive chlorine-dioxide iodine malonic acid reaction and the Brusselator reaction-diffusion systems
Authors: Maiti Tarpan , Ghosh Pushpita 
Published: December 2022

Reaction-diffusion systems involving ionic species are susceptible to an externally applied electric field. Depending on the charges on the ionic species and the intensity of the applied electric field, diverse spatiotemporal patterns can emerge. We here considered two prototypical reaction-diffusion systems that follow activator-inhibitor kinetics: the photosensitive chlorine dioxide-iodine-malonic acid (CDIMA) reaction and the Brusselator model. By theoretical investigation and numerical simulations, we unravel how and to what extent an externally applied electric field can induce and modify the dynamics of these two systems. Our results show that both the uni- and bi-directional electric fields may induce Turing-like stationary patterns from a homogeneous uniform state resulting in horizontal, vertical, or bent stripe-like inhomogeneity in the photosensitive CDIMA system. In contrast, in the Brusselator model, for the activator and the inhibitor species having the same positive or negative charges, the externally applied electric field cannot develop any spatiotemporal instability when the diffusion coefficients are identical. However, various spatiotemporal patterns emerge for the same opposite charges of the interacting species, including moving spots and stripe-like structures, and a phenomenon of wave-splitting is observed. Moreover, the same sign and different magnitudes of the ionic charges can give rise to Turing-like stationary patterns from a homogeneous, stable, steady state depending upon the intensity of the applied electric field in the case of the Brusselator model. Our findings open the possibilities for future experiments to verify the predictions of electric field-induced various spatiotemporal instabilities in experimental reaction-diffusion systems.
Positivity of the determinants of the partition function and the overpartition function
Authors: Wang Larry , Yang Neil 
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we give an iterated approach to concern with the positivity of

det

(
p
(
n
−
i
+
j
)

)

1
≤
i
,
j
≤
k

,

\begin{equation*} \det \ (p(n-i+j))_{1\leq i,j\leq k}, \end{equation*}

where

p
(
n
)

p(n)

is the partition function. We first apply a general method to prove that for given

k
1

,

k
2

,

m
1

,

m
2

k_1,k_2,m_1,m_2

, one can find a threshold

N
(

k
1

,

k
2

,

m
1

,

m
2

)

N(k_1,k_2,m_1,m_2)

such that for

n
>
N
(

k
1

,

k
2

,

m
1

,

m
2

)

n>N(k_1,k_2,m_1,m_2)

,

|

p
(
n
−

k
1

+

m
1

)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
+

m
1

)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
+

m
1

+

m
2

)

p
(
n
−

k
1

)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
+

m
2

)

p
(
n
−

k
1

−

k
2

)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
−

k
2

)

a
m
p
;
p
(
n
−

k
2

+

m
2

)

|

>
0.

\begin{equation*} \begin {vmatrix} p(n-k_1+m_1) & p(n+m_1) & p(n+m_1+m_2)\\ p(n-k_1) & p(n) & p(n+m_2)\\ p(n-k_1-k_2) & p(n-k_2) & p(n-k_2+m_2) \end{vmatrix}>0. \end{equation*}

Based on this result, we will prove that for

n
≥
656

n\geq 656

,

det

(
p
(
n
−
i
+
j
)

)

1
≤
i
,
j
≤
4

>
0

\det \ (p(n-i+j))_{1\leq i,j\leq 4}>0

. Employing the same technique, we will show that determinants

(

p
¯

(
n
−
i
+
j
)

)

1
≤
i
,
j
≤
k

({\bar p}(n-i+j))_{1\leq i,j\leq k}

are positive for

k
=
3
and
4

k=3 \text { and } 4

for overpartition

p
¯

(
n
)

{\bar p}(n)

. Furthermore, we will give an outline of how to prove the positivity of

det

(
p
(
n
−
i
+
j
)

)

1
≤
i
,
j
≤
k

\det \ (p(n-i+j))_{1\leq i,j\leq k}

for general

k
k

.
In Vivo Investigation of the Biostimulatory and Rejuvenating Effects of Small-Particle Cross-linked Hyaluronic Acid Injections in Photoaged Human Skin
Authors: Hsieh Daniel Meng-Yen , Bi Xuechan , Zhong Shaomin , Wu Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Injection of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (CLHA) has been traditionally utilized to treat wrinkles and provide volume. Recent studies have also shown that intradermal placement of CLHA provides lasting secondary effects and may be a useful method for improving skin appearance and physiology.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the biostimulatory effects and potential underlying mechanisms induced by repeated intradermal microinjections of small-particle cross-linked hyaluronic acid (SPCLHA) for skin rejuvenation.

Methods
Eight patients with photoaged forearm skin underwent three intradermal microinjections of SPCLHA and isotonic sodium chloride (control). At 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks, biophysical parameters were measured, and skin biopsies were obtained at 12 and 24 weeks for assessment employing histological and immunohistochemical analyses, transmission electron microscope, and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Results
SPCLHA treatments significantly improved skin appearance and physiologic functions starting at 8 weeks. Histologic examination revealed thickening of the epidermis, more red-stained collagen fibers in the dermis, and increased formation of blood vessels in SPCLHA-treated skin. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed increased collagen deposition, proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and cutaneous vascularity in SPCLHA-treated skin compared with controls. Fibroblasts appeared morphologically stretched with well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. Gene expression concerning various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and growth factors was upregulated at 12 weeks and several genes remained upregulated at 24 weeks.

Conclusions
Intradermal microinjections of SPCLHA can stimulate production of collagen and other ECM components, restore the structural integrity of dermal microenvironment, and may be considered an effective method for skin rejuvenation.

Level of Evidence: 2
Academic training increases grounding of scientific concepts in experiential brain systems
Authors: Ulrich Martin , Harpaintner Marcel , Trumpp Natalie M , Berger Alexander , Kiefer Markus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractScientific concepts typically transcendent our sensory experiences. Traditional approaches to science education therefore assume a shift towards amodal or verbal knowledge representations during academic training. Grounded cognition approaches, in contrast, predict a maintenance of grounding of the concepts in experiential brain networks or even an increase. To test these competing approaches, the present study investigated the semantic content of scientific psychological concepts and identified the corresponding neural circuits using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in undergraduate psychology students (beginners) and in graduated psychologists (advanced learners). During fMRI scanning, participants were presented with words denoting scientific psychological concepts within a lexical decision task (e.g. “conditioning”, “habituation”). The individual semantic property content of each concept was related to brain activity during abstract concept processing. In both beginners and advanced learners, visual and motor properties activated brain regions also involved in perception and action, while mental state properties increased activity in brain regions also recruited by emotional–social scene observation. Only in advanced learners, social constellation properties elicited brain activity overlapping with emotional–social scene observation. In line with grounded cognition approaches, the present results highlight the importance of experiential information for constituting the meaning of abstract scientific concepts during the course of academic training.
Function without feeling: neural reactivity and intercommunication during flexible motor adjustments evoked by emotional and neutral stimuli
Authors: Kaiser Jakob , Gentsch Antje , Rodriguez-Manrique Daniela , Schütz-Bosbach Simone 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Motor conflicts arise when we need to quickly overwrite prepotent behavior. It has been proposed that affective stimuli modulate the neural processing of motor conflicts. However, previous studies have come to inconsistent conclusions regarding the neural impact of affective information on conflict processing. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging during a Go/Change-Go task, where motor conflicts were either evoked by neutral or emotionally negative stimuli. Dynamic causal modeling was used to investigate how motor conflicts modulate the intercommunication between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the anterior insula (AI) as 2 central regions for cognitive control. Conflicts compared to standard actions were associated with increased BOLD activation in several brain areas, including the dorsal ACC and anterior insula. There were no differences in neural activity between emotional and non-emotional conflict stimuli. Conflicts compared to standard actions lowered neural self-inhibition of the ACC and AI and led to increased effective connectivity from the ACC to AI contralateral to the acting hand. Thus, our study indicates that neural conflict processing is primarily driven by the functional relevance of action-related stimuli, not their inherent affective meaning. Furthermore, it sheds light on the role of interconnectivity between ACC and AI for the implementation of flexible behavioral change.
Acute Type-A dissection in a 15-year-old Australian indigenous male – a case report
Authors: Rathnayake Ayeshmanthe , Chang Olivia , Mejia Rosauro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Acute Type-A Aortic Dissection is a rare but life-threatening surgical emergency in children and adolescents. Large series report up to 3.5% of cases under the age of 21 with many of these cases with known predisposing risk factors. Risk factors include congenital cardiovascular disorders, connective tissue disorders, hypertension, inflammatory aortic weakening and iatrogenic, pregnancy or trauma. Cases with no obvious predisposing risk factors are exceedingly rare with very few cases described in a limited number of studies.
TOR represses stress responses through global regulation of H3K27 trimethylation in plants
Authors: Dong Yihan , Uslu Veli V , Berr Alexandre , Singh Gaurav , Papdi Csaba , Steffens Victor A , Heitz Thierry , Ryabova Lyubov A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTarget of rapamycin (TOR) functions as a central sensory hub linking a wide range of external stimuli to gene expression. The mechanisms underlying stimulus-specific transcriptional reprogramming by TOR remain elusive. Here, we describe an in silico analysis in Arabidopsis demonstrating that TOR-repressed genes are associated with either bistable or silent chromatin states. Both states regulated by the TOR signaling pathway are associated with a high level of histone H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) deposited by CURLY LEAF in a specific context with LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1. The combination of the two epigenetic histone modifications H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 implicates a bistable feature that alternates between an ‘on’ and an ‘off’ state, allowing rapid transcriptional changes upon external stimuli. The chromatin remodeler SWI2/SNF2 ATPase BRAHMA activates TOR-repressed genes only at bistable chromatin domains to rapidly induce biotic stress responses. Here, we demonstrate both in silico and in vivo that TOR represses transcriptional stress responses through global maintenance of H3K27me3.