bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“What innovations would enable the tourism and hospitality industry in the European Union to re-build?”
Authors: Sovani Altaf Husen 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to discuss innovations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, major investments and reforms required to realize transformation in the tourism and hospitality industry of the European Union.Design/methodology/approachA remedial literature study approach is used to analyze innovations put in place by governments and industry and to determine best practices including new innovations that could help to strengthen hospitality and tourism operations.FindingsThe COVID-19 outbreak and border closures had a significant impact on the tourism and travel sectors. During the pandemic, innovations were needed to address challenges brought on by the border closures, vaccine passports and stricter health and safety requirements. While these innovations helped organizations survive and reinvent themselves, they are not enough for long term sustainability. The need for resilience, effective and well-designed active labor market policies and social protection systems including investment in education and skills training will become basic foundations for sustainability. In order to address these issues, collaboration between government, academia and industry is essential.Originality/valueThe outbreak of COVID-19 and border closures in 2020 created turmoil in the travel and tourism sector. Small- and medium-sized enterprises were damaged and many did not survive. That said, the crisis has given the tourism and hospitality industry an opportunity to rethink the future.
Unravelling the Relationship between Dark Triad Traits and Effectuation and Causation within Small‐ and Medium‐sized Enterprises
Authors: Shirokova Galina , Selivanovskikh Louisa , Morris Michael H. , Bordunos Aleksandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrior studies have examined effectuation and causation as alternative behavioural logics used by entrepreneurs to manage uncertainty, noting a number of antecedents of the tendency to rely on a given logic at different levels of analysis. This study aims to broaden the understanding of individual‐level antecedents by examining the role of the so‐called dark side of the CEO personality on decision‐making processes within small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Using the lens of upper echelons theory and trait‐activation theory, we focus on three personality characteristics: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. The impact of dark triad traits on the behavioural logic employed by the CEO is argued to be moderated by the perceived level of uncertainty experienced by the firm. A set of hypotheses regarding these relationships are tested with a random sample of CEOs of Russian SMEs. The findings suggest that CEOs scoring higher in psychopathy tend to adopt a causal logic, while Machiavellians rely on an effectual logic. The level of uncertainty shapes these relationships by weakening the links between dark triad traits and behavioural logics.
The rainbow connection: Disrupting background affect, overcoming barriers and emergent emotional collectives at “Pride in London”
Authors: Day Chris Robson 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on a large‐scale parade in the UK that is often overlooked in research concerned with the sociology of political emotions and group dynamics; “Pride in London”. This is an annual parade celebrating, and raising awareness about, the LGBTQ+ community and commemorating the Stonewall riots. Following a brief description of the study context, participants and methods, the article illustrates the use of reflexive thematic analysis of 23 interviewee accounts of the parade. Analysis of emotional habitus and affective practices preceding, and on the day of, the parade offer an insight into the manifestation of collective emotion. Three themes are developed exploring the use of recognizable and emotive symbols, physicality of embodied emotion and spatial arrangement and the encompassing nature of group emotion. Finally, the interplay between background and foreground emotion is explored as a way of understanding and demonstrating the fluidity and temporality of affective experience and expression when people are engaged in collective action at a social justice event.
Leading an ECA through climate transformation: A President's perspective
Authors: Lavery Mairead 
Published: August 2022

AbstractStrong and principled leadership will bring the export credit agency (ECA) community, as a whole and across all nations, to the point where we can have a greater positive impact on tackling climate change. We must evolve our roles to ensure we support our countries' economies while also tackling the global climate crisis. Without that luxury of flipping a coin, we must chart a path for our companies and our countries to address both at the same time. This is the responsibility and the privilege we have been given as leaders of ECAs.
Brazilian Boidae hemipenis morphology: Macroscopic and histological aspects
Authors: Bento Heitor José , Ferreira Adelina , da Paz Regina Celia Rodrigues 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFour genera of the Boidae family are found in Brazil: Eunectes, Corallus, Epicrates, and Boa. Male copulatory organs in snakes are located inside the tail and are called hemipenes. They are double structures in an inverted position that are exposed during copulation. This study describes the macroscopic and histological aspects of hemipenes in Boidae snakes. One Boa constrictor, three Epicrates cenchria, one Corallus hortulanus hemipenes, and one fragment of the muscular retractor penis magnus (m. retractor penis magnus) from Eunectes murinus were included in this study. The structures were evaluated macroscopically and photo‐documented using a stereo microscope. Tissue fragments were included in glycol methacrylate plastic resin, cut into 3‐μm‐thick slices, and stained with 1% toluidine blue for microscopic evaluation. The macroscopic analysis showed that the arrangement and diameter occupied by the m. retractor penis magnus in the hemipenis and the internal and external cavernous bodies differ between species. The histological analysis showed that the hemipenis of B. constrictor, E. cenchria, and C. hortulanus has stratified epithelium in the external portion supported by dense connective tissue with blood vessels and muscle tissue. Although the literature reports the presence of skeletal musculature in the hemipenis, striated musculature with a centrally located nucleus in the fibre bundle, typical of cardiac musculature in mammals, was observed in the studied species.
Late‐onset glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery: Occurrence, visual acuity and risk factors: A 37‐year longitudinal follow‐up
Authors: Belitsky Yuri , Magnusson Gunilla , Nyström Alf , Zetterberg Madeleine , Kalaboukhova Lada 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of late‐onset glaucoma after surgery for congenital cataract in a cohort with long‐term follow‐up and to evaluate visual development following the diagnosis of postoperative glaucoma in comparison with no glaucoma development.MethodsAll children born between 1980 and 1997 in the western counties of Sweden who had undergone congenital cataract surgery were included (patients n = 77, eyes n = 122). Cataract was considered congenital if there was no proof of clear lens at birth. Medical records were reviewed with regard to onset of glaucoma, age at surgery, surgical technique, coexisting eye anomalies and changes in visual acuity. Glaucoma was considered late onset if occurring after 1 year following surgery.ResultsTotal glaucoma prevalence was 14.8%, including late (10.7%) and early onset (4.1%), with a mean follow‐up of 23.2 ± 6.6 years. Microphthalmos was a significant risk factor for developing glaucoma (RR 7.75, p < 0.001). Bilaterally treated eyes had a mean visual acuity of 0.43 ± 0.33 (decimal value) at the last follow‐up. With glaucoma, mean visual acuity was 0.19 ± 0.17 (decimal value). Treated eyes of patients with unilateral cataract surgery had a lower visual acuity.ConclusionsLife‐long follow‐up of all patients who have undergone surgery for congenital cataract in childhood is recommended. Annual check‐ups of adults, including measurements of IOP and visual acuity, are recommended for patients with microphthalmos and/or who had surgery <3 months of age.
Tectonic evolution of the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi basin as constrained by a synthesis of multi‐proxy provenance data
Authors: Tang Yan , Yin An , Xu Xi , An Kaixuan , Zhang Yunpeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe triangular Songpan‐Ganzi flysch terrane exposes a Triassic turbidite sequence with an average thickness of ca. 8 km. The sediments may have been accumulated in a remnant Paleo‐Tethyan ocean bounded by the converging North China, South China, and the Qiangtang terrane from three sides, or a back‐arc basin with an oceanic basement created during the Triassic closure of the Paleo‐Tethyan ocean. To differentiate the two competing models, we systematically reviewed the available provenance data that include U–Pb detrital zircon ages at the basin scale, paleocurrent directions, sandstone petrography, and heavy‐mineral assemblages from the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi basin samples. We use the Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests to differentiate competing hypotheses for detrital‐zircon provenance interpretations and DZmix modelling to quantify relative contributions of detrital zircon from all potential source areas for the Triassic Songpan‐Ganzi deposits. The most important result of this work is that the Songpan‐Ganzi basin had a stable and locally derived source system: the western, central and eastern sub‐basins were mainly sourced from the north whereas the easternmost and southeastern sub‐basins were mainly sourced from westernmost South China (i.e., the Longmen Shan area) and the Qiangtang terrane. The stability of the source areas around the Songpan‐Ganzi basin throughout the Triassic is most compatible with the remnant ocean model that predicts a long‐lived marine basin with a pre‐Triassic oceanic/continental basement trapped between converging continental blocks during the Triassic.
Role of behavioural and age‐related factors in the long‐term impact of tooth loss on oral health‐related quality of life: A 25‐year follow‐up of Swedish older adults
Authors: Åstrøm Anne Nordrehaug , Mastrovito Berit , Sannevik Josefine , Tsakos Georgios 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe primary aim of this study was to assess any long‐term association between tooth loss at age 50 and subsequent impaired oral health‐related quality of life, OHRQoL, at age 65, 70 and 75, adjusted for time invariant socio‐demographic‐and time variant behavioural and age‐related factors in terms of disadvantages with functional, social, health and psychological concerns. As a second aim, this study examined whether behavioural‐ and age‐related factors played a role in explaining any long‐term association between early tooth loss and subsequent OHRQoL.MethodsIn 1992, 6346 residents, aged 50, consented to participate in a prospective cohort study and 3060 completed postal questionnaire follow‐ups every fifth year (six in total) until 2017. Information on tooth loss was assessed at baseline at age 50. Behavioural‐ and age‐related covariates were assessed repeatedly at ages 65, 70 and 75. OHRQoL was the repeated outcome measure assessed by the Oral Impact on Daily Performance, OIDP at age 65, 70 and 75. Generalized Estimating Equations, GEE, with binomial logit function was used to test the association between tooth loss and prevalence of oral impacts (OIDP) adjusting for counfounders and potential mediators. The role of behavioural and age‐related factors in explaining the association between early tooth loss and OHRQoL was tested using the change in estimate approach.ResultsTooth loss and time variant behavioural‐ and age‐related covariates associated independently with higher odds of impaired OHRQoL across time. The long‐term impact of tooth loss seemed to be partly explained by time variant covariates related to functional and psychological concerns. Participants who had excessive tooth loss at age 50 were 2.5 times more likely to experience oral impacts before adjustment of covariates. After adjustment of functional‐ and psychological‐covariates, participants were, respectively, 1.6 times and 1.4 times more likely to experience oral impacts.ConclusionThis study revealed that early tooth loss at age 50 was independently associated with subsequent impaired OHRQoL at ages 65, 70 and 75. The aspects of behavioural‐ and age‐related factors in terms of disadvantages in functional and psychological concerns seemed to play a role in explaining the long‐term impact of tooth loss on impaired OHRQoL. A mid‐life approach to the prevention of tooth loss for the protection of subsequent adverse health outcomes should guide health promotion interventions and also be recognized by oral health care providers both for patient interaction and clinical decision making.
Growth pattern during early infancy, body mass index during childhood and childhood asthma
Authors: Kim Ju Hee , Ha Eun Kyo , Lee Seung Won , Cha Hye Ryeong , Baek Hey‐Sung , Han Man Yong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of longitudinal studies of associations between growth from infancy to childhood and asthma development.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate the effects of weight change during infancy, body mass index (BMI) and the interaction of these factors on the risk of childhood asthma.MethodsWe enrolled children born in 2008 and 2009 at full‐term and with normal birth weight. The weight change in infancy was grouped into slow, on‐track and rapid. BMI status in childhood was stratified into low, normal and high groups and used as a time‐varying variable. The outcome was asthma, defined as two or more diagnoses of asthma separated by at least 1 year after 2 years of age. The risk of asthma was assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression, with adjustment for sex, residence area at birth, economic status and feeding types in infancy.ResultsOf 917,707 children born in Korea in 2008 and 2009, 271,871 were eligible for analysis. The risk of asthma was greater in groups with low birth weight (aHR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.08), rapid body weight change during early infancy (aHR 1.08, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.10) and high BMI during childhood (aHR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.08). The interaction of weight change during early infancy with BMI during childhood was significant for asthma (p < .01). Rapid weight gain in infancy was associated with lower risk of asthma in those with low BMI during childhood; had no association with asthma in those with normal BMI during childhood; and was associated increased asthma risk in those with high BMI during childhood—aHR 1.26 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.33) and aHR 1.33 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.56) compared with on‐track and slow infant weight gain, respectively.ConclusionLow birth weight, high BMI during childhood and, in those with high childhood BMI, rapid weight gain during early infancy are associated with increased risk of childhood asthma.
A Gardos channelopathy associated with nonimmune hydrops and fetal loss
Authors: Ghesh Leïla , Besnard Thomas , Joubert Madeleine , Picard Véronique , Le Vaillant Claudine , Beneteau Claire 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (DHS) (MIM#194380) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of red blood cell permeability, characterized by a partially or fully compensated nonimmune hemolytic anemia. PIEZO1 is the major gene involved with hundreds of families described, some of which present transient perinatal edema of varying severity. A smaller subset of individuals harbors pathogenic variants in KCNN4, sometimes referred as “Gardos channelopathy.” Up to now, only six pathogenic variants in KCNN4 have been reported in 13 unrelated families. Unlike PIEZO1‐DHS, neither perinatal edema nor fetal loss has ever been observed linked to KCNN4‐DHS. We report the first fetal loss due to non‐immune hydrops fetalis related to a pathogenic 28 bp deletion (NM_002250.2: c.1109_1119+17del) in KCNN4. This observation underlies the need for very close monitoring of pregnancies when one parent is affected by DHS regardless of genotype (PIEZO1 or KCNN4).
Impact of negative pressure wound therapy on enteroatmospheric fistulation in the septic open abdomen
Authors: Kalaiselvan Ramya , Slade Dominic A. J. , Soop Mattias , Burnett Hugh , Lees Nicholas P. , Anderson Iain D. , Lal Simon , Carlson Gordon L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on the pathogenesis and outcome of enteroatmospheric fistulation (EAF) in the septic open abdomen (OA) is unclear. This study compares the development and outcome of EAF following NPWT with that occurring in the absence of NPWT.MethodsConsecutive patients admitted with EAF following abdominal sepsis at a National Reference Centre for intestinal failure between 01 January 2005 and 31 December 2015 were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on those that had been treated with NPWT and those that had not (non‐NPWT) and characteristics of their fistulas compared. Clinical outcomes concerning nutritional autonomy at 4 years and time to fistula development, size of abdominal wall defect and complete fistula closure were compared between groups.ResultsA total of 160 patients were admitted with EAF following a septic abdomen (31‐NPWT and 129‐non‐NPWT). Median (range) time taken to fistulation after OA was longer with NPWT (18 [5–113] vs. 8 [2–60] days, p = 0.004); these patients developed a greater number of fistulas (3 [2–21] vs. 2 [1–10], p = 0.01), involving a greater length of small bowel (42.5 [15–100] cm vs. 30 [3.5–170] cm, p = 0.04) than those who did not receive NPWT. Following reconstructive surgery, nutritional autonomy was similar in both groups (77% vs. 72%) and a comparable number of patients were also fistula‐free (100% vs. 97%).ConclusionsNegative pressure wound therapy appears to be associated with more complex and delayed intestinal fistulation, involving a greater length of small intestine in the septic OA. This did not, however, appear to adversely affect the overall outcome of intestinal and abdominal wall reconstruction in this study.
Impact of type 2 diabetes on in vivo activities and protein expressions of cytochrome P450 in patients with obesity
Authors: Kvitne Kine Eide , Åsberg Anders , Johnson Line K. , Wegler Christine , Hertel Jens K. , Artursson Per , Karlsson Cecilia , Andersson Shalini , Sandbu Rune , Skovlund Eva , Christensen Hege , Jansson‐Löfmark Rasmus , Hjelmesæth Jøran , Robertsen Ida 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have not accounted for the close link between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity when investigating the impact of T2DM on cytochrome P450 (CYP) activities. The aim was to investigate the effect of T2DM on in vivo activities and protein expressions of CYP2C19, CYP3A, CYP1A2, and CYP2C9 in patients with obesity. A total of 99 patients from the COCKTAIL study (NCT02386917) were included in this cross‐sectional analysis; 29 with T2DM and obesity (T2DM‐obesity), 53 with obesity without T2DM (obesity), and 17 controls without T2DM and obesity (controls). CYP activities were assessed after the administration of a cocktail of probe drugs including omeprazole (CYP2C19), midazolam (CYP3A), caffeine (CYP1A2), and losartan (CYP2C9). Jejunal and liver biopsies were also obtained to determine protein concentrations of the respective CYPs. CYP2C19 activity and jejunal CYP2C19 concentration were 63% (−0.39 [95% CI: −0.82, −0.09]) and 40% (−0.09 fmol/μg protein [95% CI: −0.18, −0.003]) lower in T2DM‐obesity compared with the obesity group, respectively. By contrast, there were no differences in the in vivo activities and protein concentrations of CYP3A, CYP1A2, and CYP2C9. Multivariable regression analyses also indicated that T2DM was associated with interindividual variability in CYP2C19 activity, but not CYP3A, CYP1A2, and CYP2C9 activities. The findings indicate that T2DM has a significant downregulating impact on CYP2C19 activity, but not on CYP3A, CYP1A2, and CYP2C9 activities and protein concentrations in patients with obesity. Hence, the effect of T2DM seems to be isoform‐specific.
Obstetric violence as immigration injustice: A view from the United States and Colombia
Authors: Wolf Allison B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn September 2020, Project South, along with numerous other organizations, released a report detailing abuses in a Georgia Detention Center – including forced hysterectomies. Whatever other factors are at play, one of them is an intrinsic connection between obstetric violence against pregnant migrants and immigration injustice. It is not incidental that these acts – in US detention centers, along the US‐Mexico border, in Colombian hospitals and clinics – are being perpetrated on immigrant bodies. And it is not accidental or random which immigrant bodies are vulnerable to these violations. Understanding and confronting obstetric violence directed at pregnant migrants, though, requires reconceptualizing the nature of obstetric violence itself. In particular, we must recognize that obstetric violence against pregnant Latin American migrants in the United States and Colombia is a type of immigration injustice, a means to perpetrate immigration injustice, and a product of immigration injustice. As such, bioethicists need to collaborate with immigration scholars to resist it.After providing some background on the nature of obstetric violence and some ways it is perpetuated against pregnant migrants in the United States and Colombia, I will give a brief overview of how I conceptualize immigration justice. From there, I explain how this type of obstetric violence constitutes a type of immigration injustice, a means to perpetrate immigration injustice, and a product of immigration injustice. My hope is that this analysis motivates bioethicists throughout the Americas to engage with immigration scholars and activists to confront the issue more forcefully.
Regulation concerns of supply and demand sides for aesthetic medicine from Chinese perspective
Authors: Feng Longfei , Zhai Xiaomei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAesthetic medicine has become a booming industry in the world. However, there are widespread social and health risks posed by aesthetic medicine, including illegal practice, and misleading information from aesthetic medicine institutes. Social media and advertisement play important roles in leading to appearance anxiety among young people nowadays. Regarding the chaotic situation in the aesthetic medical field, there is a fact that the practice of aesthetic medicine has been marginally regulated, even in some developed countries. China has the largest population in the world as well as the large number of aesthetic medical customers. Regarding the protection of people from harm, there is a great challenge for the Chinese government. So, China has enacted the toughest governance these years both on the supply and demand side. Some of the strategies may be useful for health authorities in certain countries.