bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours
Authors: Maniar Nirav , Carmichael Declan Singleton , Hickey Jack Thomas , Timmins Ryan Gregory , San Jose Argell Joseph , Dickson Jessica , Opar David 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse the incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports. A secondary aim was to determine the impact of other potential effect moderators (match vs training; sport; playing surface; cohort age, mass and stature; and year when data was collected) on the incidence of hamstring injury in field-based team sports.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesCINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE Complete (EBSCO), Embase, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from database inception to 5 August 2020.Eligibility criteriaProspective cohort studies that assessed the incidence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports.MethodFollowing database search, article retrieval and title and abstract screening, articles were assessed for eligibility against predefined criteria then assessed for methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Tool for prevalence studies. Meta-analysis was used to pool data across studies, with meta-regression used where possible.ResultsSixty-three articles were included in the meta-analysis, encompassing 5952 injuries and 7 262 168 hours of exposure across six field-based team sports (soccer, rugby union, field hockey, Gaelic football, hurling and Australian football). Hamstring injury incidence was 0.81 per 1000 hours, representing 10% of all injuries. Prevalence for a 9-month period was 13%, increasing 1.13-fold for every additional month of observation (p=0.004). Hamstring injury incidence increased 6.4% for every 1 year of increased average cohort age, was 9.4-fold higher in match compared with training scenarios (p=0.003) and was 1.5-fold higher on grass compared with artificial turf surfaces (p<0.001). Hamstring injury incidence was not significantly moderated by average cohort mass (p=0.542) or stature (p=0.593), was not significantly different between sports (p=0.150) and has not significantly changed over the last 30 years (p=0.269).ConclusionHamstring injury represents 10% of all injuries in field-based team sports, with 13% of the athletes experiencing a hamstring injury over a 9-month period most commonly during matches. More work is needed to reduce the incidence of hamstring injury in field-based team sports.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020200022.
Effectiveness of mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and BBIBP-CorV vaccines against infection and mortality in children in Argentina, during predominance of delta and omicron covid-19 variants: test negative, case-control study
Authors: Castelli Juan Manuel , Rearte Analia , Olszevicki Santiago , Voto Carla , Del Valle Juarez María , Pesce Martina , Iovane Agustina Natalia , Paz Mercedes , Chaparro María Eugenia , Buyayisqui Maria Pia , Markiewicz María Belén , Landoni Mariana , Giovacchini Carlos María , Vizzotti Carla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective
To estimate the effectiveness of a two dose vaccine schedule (mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and BBIBP-CorV) against SARS-CoV-2 infection and covid-19 related death and short term waning of immunity in children (3-11 years old) and adolescents (12-17 years old) during periods of delta and omicron variant predominance in Argentina.

Design
Test negative, case-control study.

Setting
Database of the National Surveillance System and the Nominalized Federal Vaccination Registry of Argentina.

Participants

844 460
c
hildren and adolescents without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection eligible to receive primary vaccination schedule who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen test from September 2021 to April 2022. After matching with their corresponding controls, 139 321 (60.3%) of 231 181 cases remained for analysis.

Exposures
Two dose mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, and BBIBP-CorV vaccination schedule.

Main outcome measures
SARS-CoV-2 infection and covid-19 related death. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of SARS-CoV-2 infection among two dose vaccinated and unvaccinated participants. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated as (1–odds ratio)×100%.

Results
Estimated vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection was 61.2% (95% confidence interval 56.4% to 65.5%) in children and 66.8% (63.9% to 69.5%) in adolescents during the delta dominant period and 15.9% (13.2% to 18.6%) and 26.0% (23.2% to 28.8%), respectively, when omicron was dominant. Vaccine effectiveness declined over time, especially during the omicron period, from 37.6% (34.2% to 40.8%) at 15-30 days after vaccination to 2.0% (1.8% to 5.6%) after ≥60 days in children and from 55.8% (52.4% to 59.0%) to 12.4% (8.6% to 16.1%) in adolescents.
Vaccine effectiveness against death related to SARS-CoV-2 infection during omicron predominance was 66.9% (6.4% to 89.8%) in children and 97.6% (81.0% to 99.7%) in adolescents.

Conclusions
Vaccine effectiveness in preventing mortality remained high in children and adolescents regardless of the circulating variant. Vaccine effectiveness in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in the short term after vaccination was lower during omicron predominance and decreasing sharply over time.

Trial registration
National Registry of Health Research IS003720.
Impact of digital interdisciplinary consultation on secondary care referrals by general practitioners: a protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sanavro Sanne , van der Worp Henk , Jansen Danielle , Stoffelen Joke , Schers Henk , Postma Maarten , Koning Paul , de Boer Michiel , Janus Guus , Blanker Marco H 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionOptimal collaboration between general practice and hospital care is crucial to maintain affordable and sustainable access to healthcare for the entire population. General practitioners (GPs) are the gatekeepers to specialist care and patients will visit hospitals mostly only after referral. However, a substantial part of these referrals may be inappropriate, as communication between GPs and medical specialists can be challenging and referring patients may be the most obvious action for a GP to perform.A new digital platform (Prisma) connects GPs and specialists in interdisciplinary groups and facilitates asynchronous, accessible and fast teleconsultation within the group. No previous research has been done to evaluate the impact of this new platform on the referral rates to the hospital.Methods and analysisA stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be performed in Zwolle region in the Netherlands to analyse the effect of introduction of the platform on rate of inappropriate referrals to orthopaedic surgery. In four steps, GPs in the region will be given access to the platform. GPs will be part of the control condition until randomisation to the intervention. According to our sample size calculation, we need to include 18 practices with 1008 patients presenting with hip and knee symptoms. Routine care data of hospital registrations will be analysed to calculate the rate of inappropriate referrals (primary outcome). Secondary outcome are costs, primary and secondary care workload, posted cases and user satisfaction. Alongside this quantitative analysis, we will evaluate patient experience, facilitators and barriers for use of the platform.Ethics and disseminationThe medical ethics review board of University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands (METc-number: 2021/288) has confirmed that the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO) does not apply to the process evaluation because the study does not involve randomisation of patients or different medical treatments (letter number: M21.275351).Trial registration numberNL9704.
Prevention of young infant infections using oral azithromycin in labour in Fiji (Bulabula MaPei): study protocol of a randomised control trial
Authors: Hume-Nixon Maeve , Ratu Tupou , Clark Stephanie , Nguyen Cattram Duong , Neal Eleanor F G , Pell Casey L , Bright Kathryn , Watts Emma , Hart John , Mulholland Kim , Fong James , Rafai Eric , Sakumeni Kelera , Tuibeqa Ilisapeci , Satzke Catherine , Steer Andrew , Russell Fiona M 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionInfections are a leading cause of neonatal mortality globally and can be transmitted from mother-to-child vertically or horizontally. Fiji has higher rates of serious neonatal infections and infant skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) than high-income countries. Research from the Gambia found that a single dose of oral azithromycin in labour decreased bacterial carriage and infections in mothers and infants, particularly infant skin infections. The Bulabula MaPei clinical trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of a single dose of azithromycin in labour in reducing the incidence of maternal and infant SSTIs and other infections and the impact on bacterial carriage. It will also describe the effect of azithromycin on antimicrobial (AMR) resistance, the maternal and infant microbiome, and infant dysbiosis.Methods and analysisWe are conducting a blinded, placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial administering 2 g of oral azithromycin, or placebo, given to healthy, pregnant women (≥18 years) in labour in Suva, Fiji. The primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of SSTIs in infants by 3 months of age. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of other infant and maternal infections, and safety and tolerability of azithromycin in mother and infant. Following informed consent, 2110 pregnant women will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio, with all study staff and participants masked to group allocation. Mother/infant pairs will be followed up for 12 months over six visits collecting clinical data on infections, antimicrobial use, safety and anthropometrics, in addition to nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, rectovaginal and vaginal swabs, maternal breastmilk and infant stool samples, in order to compare bacterial carriage, AMR rates and microbiome. Recruitment for Bulabula MaPei started in June 2019.Ethics and disseminationThis trial was approved and is being conducted according to the protocol approved by The Royal Children’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee, Australia, and the Fiji National Health Research and Ethics Review Committee. The findings of this study will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03925480.
Extent and nature of duplication in PROSPERO using COVID-19-related registrations: a retrospective investigation and survey
Authors: Beresford Lucy , Walker Ruth , Stewart Lesley 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesDuring COVID-19, the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) experienced a surge in registrations for COVID-19-related systematic reviews, and duplication of research questions became apparent. Duplication can waste funding, time and research effort and make policy making more difficult.This project explored the extent of and reasons for duplication of COVID-19-related systematic review registrations in PROSPERO during the pandemic.DesignRetrospective analysis of COVID-19-related registrations in PROSPERO, and a qualitative survey.SettingPROSPERO was searched for registrations related to four COVID-19 research areas: epidemiology, rehabilitation, transmission and treatments.MethodsRecords identified were compared using Population, Intervention/Exposure, Comparator, Outcome, Study Design (PICOS) elements of PROSPERO registration forms. Registrations with similar or identical PICOS were evaluated further as ‘duplicates’.Authors of ‘duplicate’ registrations were invited to complete a survey asking whether they searched PROSPERO prior to registration, identified similar reviews and, if so, why they continued with their review.Results1054 COVID-19 reviews were registered between March 2020 and January 2021, of which 138 were submitted when at least one similar protocol was already registered in PROSPERO. Duplication was greatest in reviews of COVID-19 treatments; for example, there were 14 similar reviews evaluating the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine.From 138 authors invited to take part in the survey, we received 41 responses. Most respondents said that they identified similar reviews when they searched PROSPERO prior to registration. Main reasons given for ‘duplication’ were differences in PICOS or planned analyses (n=13), poor quality of previous registrations (n=2) and the need to update evidence (n=3).ConclusionsThis research highlights that registration of similar and duplicate systematic reviews related to COVID-19 in PROSPERO occurred frequently. Awareness of research waste is required, and initial checking for similar reviews should be embedded within good review practice.
Rapamycin and inulin for third-dose vaccine response stimulation (RIVASTIM): Inulin – study protocol for a pilot, multicentre, randomised, double-blinded, controlled trial of dietary inulin to improve SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Singer Julian , Tunbridge Matthew , Perkins Griffith B , Salehi Tania , Ying Tracey , Wu Huiling , Coates P Toby , Chadban Steven J 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionKidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at an increased risk of hospitalisation and death from COVID-19. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is our primary risk mitigation strategy, yet vaccine effectiveness in KTRs is suboptimal. Strategies to enhance vaccine efficacy are therefore required. Current evidence supports the role of the gut microbiota in shaping the immune response to vaccination. Gut dysbiosis is common in KTRs and is a potential contributor to impaired COVID-19 vaccine responses. We hypothesise that dietary fibre supplementation will attenuate gut dysbiosis and promote vaccine responsiveness in KTRs.Methods and analysisRapamycin and inulin for third-dose vaccine response stimulation-inulin is a multicentre, randomised, prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial examining the effect of dietary inulin supplementation prior to a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine in KTRs who have failed to develop protective immunity following a 2-dose COVID-19 vaccine schedule. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to inulin (active) or maltodextrin (placebo control), administered as 20 g/day of powdered supplement dissolved in water, for 4 weeks prior to and following vaccination. The primary outcome is the proportion of participants in each trial arm that achieve in vitro neutralisation of live SARS-CoV-2 virus at 4 weeks following a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Secondary outcomes include the safety and tolerability of dietary inulin, the diversity and differential abundance of gut microbiota, and vaccine-specific immune cell populations and responses.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Central Adelaide Local Health Network (CALHN) Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) (approval number: 2021/HRE00354) and the Sydney Local Health District (SHLD) HREC (approval numbers: X21-0411 and 2021/STE04280). Results of this trial will be published following peer-review and presented at scientific meetings and congresses.Trial registration numberACTRN12621001465842.
Prognostic factors for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bartoszko Jessica J , Elias Zeyad , Rudziak Paulina , Lo Carson K L , Thabane Lehana , Mertz Dominik , Loeb Mark 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo quantify the prognostic effects of demographic and modifiable factors in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL from inception to 19 September 2022, along with citations of included studies.Eligibility criteriaPairs of reviewers independently screened potentially eligible studies of patients with Group AStreptococcus-induced STSS that quantified the association between at least one prognostic factor and outcome of interest.Data extraction and synthesisWe performed random-effects meta-analysis after duplicate data extraction and risk of bias assessments. We rated the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.ResultsOne randomised trial and 40 observational studies were eligible (n=1918 patients). We found a statistically significant association between clindamycin treatment and mortality (n=144; OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.37), but the certainty of evidence was low. Within clindamycin-treated STSS patients, we found a statistically significant association between intravenous Ig treatment and mortality (n=188; OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.75), but the certainty of evidence was also low. The odds of mortality may increase in patients ≥65 years when compared with patients 18–64 years (n=396; OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.84), but the certainty of evidence was low. We are uncertain whether non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the odds of mortality (n=50; OR 4.14, 95% CI 1.13 to 15.14; very low certainty). Results failed to show a significant association between any other prognostic factor and outcome combination (very low to low certainty evidence) and no studies quantified the association between a prognostic factor and morbidity post-infection in STSS survivors.ConclusionsTreatment with clindamycin and within clindamycin-treated patients, IVIG, was each significantly associated with mortality, but the certainty of evidence was low. Future research should focus on morbidity post-infection in STSS survivors.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020166961.
Safety and efficacy of acupuncture for varicocele-induced male infertility: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Wang Sijia , Lu Rongchen , Shi Hongshuo , Chen Jiangnan , Sun Miaomiao , Ding Jing , Lv Qiang , Wang Chenyao , Ren Jianjun , Zhou Guangming , Tang Zhian 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionVaricocele (VC) is a common clinical disease in andrology. Among a number of ways for VC treatment, surgery is the most common one, but the measurable benefit of surgical repair was slight. A growing exploration of complementary therapies has been conducted in clinical research on acupuncture for VC, but there is no relevant systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for VC.Methods and analysisAll relevant publications published from database inception through August 2022 will be searched in three English-language databases (Embase, CENTRAL, MEDLINE) and four Chinese-language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wanfang Data). Randomised controlled trials in English and Chinese concerned with acupuncture for patients with VC will be included. The input clinical data will be processed by the Review Manager software (RevMan). The literature will be appraised with the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system (GRADE system) will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence.Ethics and disseminationThis study is a secondary study based on clinical studies so it does not relate to any individual patient information or infringe the rights of participants. Hence no ethical approval is required. The results will be reported in peer-reviewed journals or disseminated at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022316005.
Revisiting systematic geographical variations in tonsils surgery in children in the Spanish National Health System: spatiotemporal ecological study on hospital administrative data
Authors: Castaño-Riera Eusebio , Ridao Manuel , Librero Julian , Martínez-Lizaga Natalia , Comendeiro-Maaløe Micaela , Angulo-Pueyo Ester , Peiro Salvador , Bernal-Delgado Enrique 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo provide new evidence on how tonsils surgery in children has geographically varied over time in the context of the Spanish National Health System.DesignObservational ecological spatiotemporal study on geographical variations in medical practice, using linked administrative datasets, including virtually all surgeries performed from 2003 to 2015.SettingThe Spanish National Health System, a quasi-federal structure with 17 autonomous communities (ACs), and 203 healthcare areas (HCAs).ParticipantsPatients aged 19 and younger residing in the HCAs and ACs.InterventionsTonsillectomy with adenoidectomy (T&A); and tonsillectomies alone (T).Main endpoints(1) Evolution of T&A and T rates; (2) spatiotemporal variation in the risk of receiving T&A or T surgery at regional level (ACs) and HCAs; and (3) the fraction of the variation (FV) attributed to each of the components of variation—ACs, HCAs, year and interaction ACs year.ResultsT&A age-sex standardised rates increased over the period of analysis from 15.2 to 20.9 (5.7 points per 10 000 inhabitants). T alone remained relatively lower than T&A rates, evolving from 3.6 in 2003 to 3.9 in 2015 (0.3 points per 10 000 inhabitants). Most of the risk variation was captured at the HCAs level in both procedures (FV: 55.3% in T&A and 72.5% in T). The ACs level explained 27.6% of the FV in the risk in T&A versus 8% in T. The interaction ACs year was similar in both procedures (FV: 15.5% in T&A and 17.5% in T). The average trend hardly explained 1.46% and 1.83% of the variation, respectively.ConclusionOur study showed wide persistent variations with a steady increase in rates and risk of T&A and a stagnation of T alone, where most of the variation risk was explained at HCA level.
ULTrasound-guided TRAnsfemoral puncture in COmplex Large bORe PCI: study protocol of the UltraCOLOR trial
Authors: Meijers Thomas A , Nap Alexander , Aminian Adel , Dens Joseph , Teeuwen Koen , van Kuijk Jan-Peter , van Wely Marleen , Schmitz Thomas , Bataille Yoann , Kraaijeveld Adriaan O , Roolvink Vincent , Hermanides Renicus S , Braber Thijs L , van Royen Niels , van Leeuwen Maarten A H 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAlthough recently published evidence favours transradial access (TRA) when using large-bore guiding catheters for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of complex coronary lesions, the femoral artery will still be used in a considerate proportion of patients undergoing complex PCI, especially in PCI of chronic total occlusions (CTO). Ultrasound-guided puncture of the femoral artery may reduce clinically relevant access site complications, but robust evidence is lacking up to date.Methods and analysisA total of 542 patients undergoing complex PCI, defined as PCI of CTO, complex bifurcation, heavy calcified lesion or left main, in which the 7-F or 8-F transfemoral access is required, will be randomised to ultrasound-guided puncture or fluoroscopy-guided puncture. The primary outcome is the incidence of the composite end-point of clinically relevant access site related bleeding and/or vascular complications requiring intervention. Access site complications and major adverse cardiovascular events up to 1 month will also be compared between both groups.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the study was granted by the local Ethics Committee (‘Medisch Ethische Toetsing Commissie Isala Zwolle’) for all Dutch sites, ‘Comité Medische Ethiek Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg’ for Hospital Oost-Limburg, ‘Comité d’éthique CHU-Charleroi—ISPPC’ for Centre Hospilatier Universitaire de Charleroi and ‘Ethik Kommission de Ärztekammer Nordrhein’ for Elisabeth-Krankenhaus). The trial outcomes will be published in peer-reviewed journals of the concerned literature. Theultrasound guidedtransfemoral access incomplexlarge bore PCI trial has been administered in the ClinicalTrials.gov database, reference number:NCT03846752.Registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT03846752.