bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial signature present in thrombotic material of acute ischemic stroke patients retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Yadav Lokendra Bahadur , Tiwari Shivam , Vajpeyee Manisha , Vajpeyee Atulabh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study is done to examine the microbiota in thrombi retrieved from the middle cerebral artery after mechanical thrombectomy for symptomatic carotid plaque within 6 hours of an acute ischemic stroke. To evaluate their role in atherosclerosis, thrombi were submitted to next-generation sequencing for a bacterial signature. In these study we are describing allots of bacteria found in thrombus samples, which are associated with stroke. Enrollment of 14 Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients was done who underwent mechanical thrombectomy in which 72% (n = 10) male and 28% (n = 4) female. The patients' median age was 16.75 ± 3.68 year old, and they were all female. During the window of acute stroke with symptomatic carotid stenosis and blockage of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, all were submitted to mechanical thrombectomy. After mechanical thrombectomy we extracted the DNA from thrombus sample. The microbial composition of all samples was compared using 16S rRNA gene amplicon next-generation sequencing.All of the thrombi retrieved for bacterial DNA in qPCR from the fourteen patients who had thrombectomy for ischemic stroke were positive. The 14 thrombus samples included more than 30 microorganisms. large bacterial diversity was found in thrombus in ischemic stroke patients in this study, which also indicated that microbes present in thrombus also played role in formation of plaque and Bacteria have direct mechanisms such as acidification and local inflammation of the plaque milieu with lactobacillus, biofilm dispersion leading to inflammation with pseudomonas fluorescence, or enterococci, or indirect mechanisms such as Toll 2 like signalling by the gut microbiota, could all lead to thromboembolic and cause stroke. It justifies more research into the involvement of bacteria in thrombus formation in stroke pathophysiology and prognosis.
An improved blind Gaussian source separation approach based on generalized Jaccard similarity
Authors: Fu Xudan , Ye Jimin , E Jianwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Blind source separation (BSS) consists of recovering the independent source signals from their linear mixtures with unknown mixing channel. As a momentous technical means of signal processing and analysis, BSS has been widely utilized in image recognition, feature extraction, biomedical engineering, etcetera. The existing BSS approaches rely on the fundamental assumption: the source signals are non-Gaussian, this limited the use of BSS seriously. To overcome this problem and the weakness of cosine index in measuring the dynamic similarity between signals, this study proposes the fuzzy statistical behavior of local extremum (FSBLE) based on generalized Jaccard similarity as the signal's feature to implement the separation of nonlinear chaotic Gaussian source signals. In particular, the imperialist competition algorithm is introduced to minimize the cost function which jointly considers the stationarity factor describing the dynamical similarity of each source signal separately and the independency factor describing the dynamical similarity between source signals. Simulation experiments on synthetic data verify the effectiveness and superiority of the improved BSS approach in terms of cross-talking error and root mean square error (RMSE) criterions.
Origins of the interannual variability of sea ice over the Barents-Kara Seas: Atlantic pathway of the ENSO modulation
Authors: Luo Binhe , Luo Dehai , Ge Yao , Dai Aiguo , Wang Lin , Simmonds Ian , Wu Lixin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The decline of Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) plays an important role in Arctic amplification which influences Arctic ecosystem, midlatitude weather and climate. The Arctic SIC shows prominent interannual and interdecadal variability. Although the interdecadal variability of the Arctic SIC fluctuations is mainly linked to Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, it is unclear what is the origin of the interannual variability of Arctic SIC. Here, we indicate that the interannual variability of Arctic SIC over Barents-Kara Seas (BKS) mainly originates from the remote modulation of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) via the Atlantic pathway. It is revealed that La Niña (El Niño) can strengthen (weaken) the positive winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+)-like circulation via enhanced (reduced) Atlantic Hadley cell to result in a notable Atlantic interannual variability (AIV). During the positive phase of AIV the enhanced transport of warm Atlantic water and warm moisture toward the BKS due to intensified winter NAO+-like circulation promotes the SIC decline over BKS through the presence of Ural blocking with NAO+. The reversed is seen during the negative phase of AIV. These new findings can help understand what is the origin of the interannual variability of winter sea ice over the BKS.
A new approach for microstructure imaging
Authors: Plancoulaine Benoît Plancoulaine , Rasmusson Allan Rasmusson , Labbé Christophe Labbé , Levenson Richard Levenson , Laurinavicius Arvydas Laurinavicius 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A recurring issue with microstructure studies is specimen lighting. In particular,microscope lighting must be deployed in such a way as to highlight biologicalelements without enhancing caustic effects and diffraction. We describe herean analysis of the potential of diffractive optic approaches for addressing thislighting issue. First, an extensive study is undertaken concerning asymptoticequations in order to identify the most promising algorithm for 3Dmicrostructure analysis. Ultimately, models based on virtual light rays arediscarded in favor of a model that considers the joint computation of phase andirradiance. This paper maintains the essential goal of the study concerningbiological microstructures but offers several supplementary notes oncomputational details which provide perspectives on analyses of thearrangements of numerous objects in biological tissues.
Regional physiotherapists’ opinions, barriers, and enablers to providing evidence-based care: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Gleadhill Connor , Bolsewicz Katarzyna , Davidson Simon , Kamper Steven , Tutty Amanda , Robson Emma , Silva Priscilla Viana Da , Donald Bruce , Dooley Katherine , Manvell Joshua , Manvell Nicole , Delbridge Andrew , Williams Christopher 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Physiotherapists deliver evidence-based guideline recommended treatments only half of the time to patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Physiotherapist’s behaviours in clinical practice are influenced by many cognitive, social and environmental factors including time and financial pressures. Many initiatives aimed at improving physiotherapists’ uptake of evidence-based care have failed to appreciate the context involved in clinical decisions and clinical practice. Therefore, we aimed to describe: i) the opinions of regional physiotherapists toward evidence in relation to their clinical decision making; ii) how regional physiotherapists access evidence; iii) the factors influencing regional physiotherapists’ evidence access; iv) the factors influencing regional physiotherapists’ evidence application.MethodsWe used a mixed-methods study with online survey and focus groups. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to inform all research objectives. We used eight domains of the Transtheoretical Domains Framework to design survey questions. We analysed quantitative and qualitative data in parallel, then integrated both sources through by developing a matrix while considering the Transtheoretical Domains Framework domains to generate themes. Results57 physiotherapists participated in the study (survey only n = 41; focus group only n = 8; both survey and focus group n = 8). Participants reported that evidence was important, but they also considered patient expectations, colleagues’ treatment choices, and business demands in clinical decision making. Physiotherapists reported they access evidence on average 30 minutes or less per week. Accessing evidence may not be prioritised among competing demands like business administration. Participants reported that patient expectations were a major barrier to applying evidence-based care. Environmental and systemic factors, like funding structures or incentives for evidence-based care, and social factors, like lacking or having a culture of accountability and mentorship, were reported as both barriers and enablers to evidence application.ConclusionsIn this study, we provide a description of contextual considerations for the provision of evidence-based care and suggest some potentially modifiable targets for future strategies aimed at improving evidence uptake. Physiotherapist’s provision of evidence-based care may be improved by enhancing structural support from workplaces to access and apply evidence and exploring discrepancies between physiotherapists’ perceptions of patient expectations and actual patient expectations.
Large deviation principle for stochastic heat equation with general rough noise
Authors: Li Ruinan , Wang Ran , Zhang Beibei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Please see Manuscript PDF for complete Abstract with equations:We study Freidlin-Wentzell's large deviation principle for one dimensional nonlinear stochastic heat equation driven by a Gaussian noise: $$ \frac{\partial u^{\e}(t,x)}{\partial t}=\frac{\partial^2 u^{\e}(t,x)}{\partial x^2}+\sqrt{\e}\sigma(t, x, u^{\e}(t,x))\dot{W}(t,x),\quad t> 0,\, x\in\RR, $$ where $\dot W$ is white in time and fractional in space with Hurst parameter $H\in(\frac 14,\frac 12)$. Recently, Hu and Wang ({\it Ann. Inst. Henri Poincar\'e Probab. Stat.} {\bf 58} (2022) 379-423) studied the well-posedness of this equation without the technical condition of $\sigma(0)=0$ which was previously assumed in Hu et al. ({\it Ann. Probab}. {\bf 45} (2017) 4561-4616). We adopt a new sufficient condition proposed by Matoussi et al. ({\it Appl. Math. Optim.} \textbf{83} (2021) 849-879) for the weak convergence criterion of the large deviation principle.
Low frequency of defecation and hard stool are not reliable indicators of constipation in Chinese population
Authors: Sun Ge , Trzpis Monika , Ding Haibo , Gao Xianhua , Broens Paul M.A. , Zhang Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background:
This study investigated the prevalence, characteristic symptoms and risk factors of constipation in the Chinese population.
Methods:
Data of 3450 respondents from the general Chinese population who completed the digital Groningen Defecation and Fecal Continence (DeFeC) questionnaire were analyzed. The non-comorbidity subgroup was defined as respondents without organic comorbidities known to influence defecation. Constipation and dyssynergic defecation prevalence and severity were evaluated using Rome IV criteria and the Renzi score (Obstruction Defecation Syndrome Score), respectively. A logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors contributing to constipation.
Results:
The prevalence of constipation was 20.4% in the total group and 18.7% in the non-comorbidity subgroup (n = 3145). Among the constipated non-comorbidity subgroup respondents, the median and interquartile range of Renzi score was 6 (5–8). The following symptoms related to dyssynergic defecation had the highest prevalence: straining during defecation, 86.4%; incomplete defecation, 75.1%; feeling of blockage, 63.4%; and anal pain, 46%. Women were more prone to constipation than men (odds ratio [OR], 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53–2.28). Additionally, obese respondents (OR, 1.36; 95% CI,1–1.87), those who ate spicy food four to five times per week (OR, 5.33; 95% CI, 3.61–7.89), and those living in a metropolitan city (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08–1.68) were more prone to constipation.
Conclusion:
The Chinese population has a high prevalence of constipation. A significant proportion of constipated respondents reported symptoms typical for dyssynergic defecation. The low defecation frequency and hard stool seem not to be reliable indicators of constipation.
Cholecystokinin B Receptor Antagonists for the Treatment of Depression via Blocking Long-term Potentiation in the Basolateral Amygdala
Authors: He Jufang , ZHANG Xu , Asim Muhammad , Hossain Md Monir , Kim Kyuhee , Fang Wei , Feng Hemin , Wang Shujie , Gao Qianqian , Lai Yuanying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder. Evidence suggested a substantial causal relationship between stressful life events and the onset of episodes of major depression. Here, we investigated how CCK and CCKBR in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) are implicated in stress-mediated depressive-like behavior. The BLA mediates emotionally charged memory and long-term potentiation (LTP) is a trace of memory. Cholecystokinin knockout (CCK-KO) mice lacked LTP in the BLA; while the application of CCK4 induced LTP after low-frequency stimulation (LFS). Optogenetic activation of CCK fibers from the entorhinal cortex (EC) to BLA promoted stress susceptibility. CCK-B receptor knockout (CCKBR-KO) mice showed LTP deficits in the BLA; CCKBR antagonists blocked high-frequency stimulation (HFS) induced LTP in the BLA. CCK-KO and CCKBR-KO mice showed significantly lower levels of depression-related behaviors than wild-type control mice. Notably, CCKBR antagonists displayed a reduction in depressive-like behaviors in the acute tail suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT), chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of mice. Together, these results indicate that CCKBR is a potential target to treat depression.
Metabolomic and Transcriptional Analysis Provides Insights into Flavonoids Variation between two Artemisia Cultivars
Authors: Qiao Yuchen , Wu Liqin , Yang Suling , Wang Qing , Gu Haike , Wei Liqin , Liu Guijun , Zhou Sijing , Wang Ping , Song Meifang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Artemisia plants are widely distributed in East Asia. Though the Artemisia cultivars are commonly used as raw materials of medicine, food or moxibustion in China, most of the potential medical and nutritional ingredients, especially flavonoids ingredients are largely unknown, which imped further utilization of these cultivars.Results In this study, two Artemisia cultivars usually used as the source of moxibustion or food, named NYSY and NYYY were investigated. NYSY and NYYY were authenticated as A.argyi based on molecular data. In all detected 882 metabolic ingredients, nearly half of biological ingredients varied between two cultivars. Most of potential medical ingredients, especially flavonoids (flavone, flavonol, isoflavone, and anthocyanin) were up regulated in NYYY. The contents of total flavonoids and their antioxidant activities were also higher in NYYY. In addition, transcriptional evidences showed that more than half of flavonoids synthesis genes were up regulated in NYYY, and their putative transcription factors members of MYB, bHLH, bZIP, WRKY, NAC and MADS families were uncovered.Conclusions In all, our results provide metabolome and transcriptome evidence to underly the biochemical ingredients, especially flavonoids variation in two Artemisia cultivars. This study provides scientific evidence for the utilizing and improving the quality of Artemisia cultivars in the future.
Loss of pluripotency in adipose-derived stem cells after culture in temperature-responsive injectable polymer hydrogels
Authors: Mayumi Nozomi , Murase Nobuo , Yoshizaki Yuta , Kuzuya Akinori , Ohya Yuichi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs), a type of mesenchymal stem cells that are easily obtained from adipose tissue, are expected to be applicable to regenerative medicine and cellular delivery systems. Maintenance of cell pluripotency and control of the differentiation direction on the cellular scaffold are important for these applications. However, the differentiation directions of these cells are believed to depend on the physical properties of the scaffold. We investigated the conditions in which AdSCs could be cultured and maintain an undifferentiated state in injectable polymer (IP) hydrogels with various degrees of cross-linking. We also explored whether the pluripotency of the cells, that is, their ability to differentiate into multiple cells, is maintained by removing them from the IP hydrogels and inducing differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes. We confirmed that AdSCs cultured in IP hydrogels could maintain an undifferentiated state. However, their differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes cannot be ensured; specifically, pluripotency may decrease when AdSCs are cultured in IP hydrogels. When cultured in an IP hydrogel with extreme softness and poor cell adhesion properties, the AdSCs could remain in an undifferentiated state, but their pluripotency is reduced. These results will provide important insights into stem-cell delivery systems using IP hydrogels.
Effects of Treating Subclinical Rejection 2 Weeks after Kidney Transplantation, as Determined by Analyzing 1-Year Histologic Outcomes
Authors: Lee Okjoo , Lee Kyo Won , Lee Jung Eun , Kwon Ghee Young , Hwang Na Young , Kim Kyunga , Park Jae Berm 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Subclinical rejection (SCR) is associated with chronic allograft nephropathy. Therefore, early detection and treatment of SCR through a protocol biopsy (PB) can reduce the incidence of pathological changes. This study evaluates the impact of early detection and treatment of subclinical rejection through the use of a routine PB 2 weeks after kidney transplantation (KT) by examining histologic outcomes 1 year later. Methods: We reviewed 624 KT recipients at Samsung Medical Center between August 2012 and December 2018. PB was planned 2 weeks and 1 year after transplantation. We compared the histological changes between the 2 biopsies. After a propensity score matching analysis, we divided the patients into 2 groups: the proven normal group (n = 256) and rejection group (n = 96) at the PB taken 2 weeks post-transplant. Results: The rejection group showed no significant difference from the normal group in the flow of graft function (eGFR) or the Kaplan-Meier curve for graft survival. In the histologic outcomes, the pathological differences between 2 groups showed significantly improved between the two time points. Conclusions: Treating SCR through a PB 2 weeks after KT can contribute to maintenance of graft function and improve histologic changes 1 year after KT.
Effect of Diabetes mellitus on pharmacokinetics of metformin and telmisartan by using novel HPLC-UV method: A drug-disease interaction study
Authors: Borse Swapnil Purushottam , Upadhyay Dilawar , Shama Vipin , Singh Devendra , Nivsarkar Manish 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Metformin and Telmisartan are commonly co-prescribed drugs in diabetes plus hypertensive patients. Diabetes caused pharmacokinetic alterations in metformin due to alterations in drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and/or transporters. But, there are no such reports for telmisartan alone or with metformin. Considering this, a simple, precise, robust, specific, and sensitive RP-HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of metformin and telmisartan in rat plasma were developed. Chromatographic separation achieved on cyano column with mobile phase consisting acetonitrile:10mM KH2PO4, pH 4.5 (60:40). Flow rate was 1.0mL/min. Detection wavelength was 237nm. The protein precipitation of both drugs from rat plasma was done using acetonitrile (recoveries ≥ 80%). HPLC bioanalytical calibration curve was found linear in the range of 10-3200ng/mL. Parameters like precision, accuracy, and stability were within accepted criteria for biomedical analysis. The developed method was successfully used for pharmacokinetic studies in normal and diabetic rats. Metformin (50mg/kg, p.o.; b.i.d.) and telmisartan (4mg/kg, p.o.; o.d.) were administered simultaneously. Diabetes significantly increased systemic exposure (increased AUC0 − t, Cmax; decreased CL, Vd) of metformin and telmisartan. This may be because of diabetes mediated increased SERT expression, decreased CYP2C11 and UGTs expression. Important to note that telmisartan doesn’t cause metformin PK alterations and vice-versa, in diabetic and normal rats.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide ameliorates adriamycin-induced renal damage by epigenetically suppressing the NMN/NAD consumers mediated by Twist2
Authors: Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Sakamaki Yusuke , Tamaki Masanori , Wakino Shu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, Sirt1, after the administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) suppresses many diseases. However, the role of NMN and Sirt1 in focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has not yet been elucidated. This study aimed to assess the protective effect of NMN treatment in mice with adriamycin (ADR)-induced FSGS. Transient short-term NMN treatment was administered to 8-week-old ADR- or saline-treated BALB/c mice (Cont group) for 14 consecutive days. NMN alleviated the increase in urinary albumin excretion in the ADR-treated mice. NMN treatment mitigated glomerulosclerosis and ameliorated the reduced Sirt1 expression and elevated Claudin-1 expression in the kidneys of the mice. Moreover, this treatment improved the decrease in histone methylation and the expression level of Dnmt1 and increased the concentration of NAD+ in the kidney. Dnmt1 epigenetically suppressed the expression of the NMN-consuming enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenyltransferase1 (Nmnat1) by methylating the E-box in the promoter region and repressing the NAD-consuming enzyme PARP1. Additionally, NMN downregulated the expression of Nmnat1 in the ADR-treated mice. Short-term NMN treatment in FSGS has epigenetic renal protective effects through the upregulation of Sirt1 and suppression of the NAD and NMN consumers. The present study presents a novel treatment paradigm for FSGS.
Comparative genomic investigation of TCP gene family in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and expression analysis under divergent treatments
Authors: Li Dalu , Tang Xin , Dong Yanxiao , Wang Yingying , Shi Suli , Li Shaohang , Liu Yang , Ge Haiyan , Chen Huoying 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The TCP (Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factors), a family of plant-specific transcription factors, plays paramount roles in a plethora of developmental and physiological processes. In the current study, we systematically characterized the putative TCP genes and their response to abiotic stress in eggplant. 30 SmTCP genes were categorized into two subfamilies based on the classical TCP conserved domains. Chromosomal location analysis illustrated the random distribution of putative SmTCP genes along 12 chromosomes of eggplant. Cis-acting elements and miRNAs target prediction showed that they could involve in gene transcriptional regulation of SmTCPs, and three miRNAs (miR319a, miR319b, and miR319c-3p) might be major regulators targeting SmTCPs. Tissue-expression profiles indicated divergent spatiotemporal expression patterns of SmTCPs. qRT-PCR assays showed different expression profiles of SmTCP genes under 4 ℃, drought and ABA treatments, suggesting the possible participation of SmTCP genes in multiple signaling pathways. Furthermore, RNA-Seq data of eggplant anthocyanin synthesis coupled with yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays suggested the involvement of the SmTCP genes (Smechr0202855.1 and Smechr0602431.1) in the mediation of anthocyanin synthesis. Our study will facilitate further investigation on the putative functional characterization of eggplant TCP genes and lay a solid foundation for the in-depth study of SmTCP genes in the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis.