bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging UAV technology for disaster detection, mitigation, response, and preparedness
Authors: Khan Amina , Gupta Sumeet , Gupta Sachin Kumar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant interest in research groups due to the wide range of applications, such as disaster surveillance and monitoring, rescue operations, military, civil, and so forth. UAVs are most often used to fulfill both user's services and requirements such as wireless communication facilities to end‐users, as a relay node to extend the coverage of the core network, and so forth. UAVs are versatile in design and can cover larger areas, contrary to the Tethered Balloon and Loon Balloon systems. Generally in any natural or human‐made disaster, there is a high potential risk of damage to buildings, transport systems, communication systems, and basic services. During heavy disasters like landslides, forest fires, floods, earthquakes, and so forth, the conventional terrestrial communication system gets destroyed, and people face many problems. In this case, UAVs prove to offer a better solution to provide fast, cost‐effective, easy to deploy, and secure wireless communication to the victims. But there are some issues like interference between UAVs and other base stations, coordination between UAVs, Quality of Service requirements, Size, Weight, and Power limitation, delay, coverage, positioning of UAVs, and so forth. This study article mainly highlighted these issues and try to present the recent developments of the state‐of‐the‐art to overcome these issues. In UAV communications, with an increasing emphasis on how UAVs can be integrated with different technologies, such as the Internet of Things, Wireless Sensor Network, Heterogeneous Network, and Cloud computing. The primary aim of this article is to examine how UAVs can assist survivors in floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, or in any natural or human‐made disaster situations, either in the present or soon. Also, it focused on various applications of UAVs in disaster management (DM). It underlines the significance of UAVs in DM and their advantages. It also focuses on the various issues and challenges faced by the UAV‐based infrastructure and security issues and gives future directions.
Flexible and Safe Additives‐Based Zinc‐Binder‐Free‐Hierarchical MnO2‐Solid Alkaline Polymer Battery for Potential Wearable Applications
Authors: Poosapati Aswani , Ambade Rohan B. , Madan Deepa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe next‐generation flexible wearable electronics are among the most rapidly growing industries due to their extended use in everyday applications resulting in an increased demand for cheaper, safer, and flexible energy storage devices. This study aims to investigate and enhance the overall performance of a Zn‐MnO2 alkaline battery and make it suitable for safe and flexible wearable applications. To achieve high cyclability and performance of the cathode, issues of low active‐material availability for redox reactions and inactive‐phase formations are overcome by fabricating a binder‐free hierarchical (increased surface area) additives (enabled reversible compound formation) based MnO2 cathode. Furthermore, zinc/stainless steel composite anode (to reduce anode shape changes) and calcium hydroxide coated polymer electrolyte (to stop zincate ion transfer) are used to improve cyclability. By assembling the above mentioned layers, excellent rate capabilities, high‐capacity utilization (487 mAh g−1), long cycling stabilities (1000 cycles with 70% retention), and high energy density (400 Wh kg−1) are achieved. Moreover, bending, hammering, puncturing, and lighting up an light emitting diode are conducted (under flat, bent, and cut) to demonstrate the cells’ safety, flexibility, and robustness. The successful findings in this study can chart new pathways to the development of safe, flexible, and cost‐effective next‐generation energy storage sources for wearables.
Equilibrated PtIr/IrOx Atomic Heterojunctions on Ultrafine 1D Nanowires Enable Superior Dual‐Electrocatalysis for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Huang Hongpu , Fu Luhong , Kong Weiqiang , Ma Hairui , Zhang Xue , Cai Junlin , Wang Shupeng , Xie Zhaoxiong , Xie Shuifen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDual‐active‐sites atomically coupled on ultrafine 1D nanowires (NWs) can offer synergic atomic heterojunctions (AHJs) and high atomic‐utilization toward multipurpose and superior catalysis. Here, ≈2‐nm‐thick PtIr/IrOx hybrid NWs are elaborately synthesized with equilibrated Pt/IrOx AHJs as high‐efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Mechanism studies reveal the atomically coupled Pt–IrOx dual‐sites are favorable for facilitating water dissociation, alleviating the binding of H* on Pt sites and inversely regulating the *OH adsorption and oxidation on bridge Ir–Ir sites. By simply equilibrating the Pt–IrOx ratio, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can be substantially accelerated. In particular, Pt‐rich PtIr/IrOx‐30 NWs attain 11‐fold enhancements for HER compared to Pt/C in 1.0 m KOH, while IrOx‐rich PtIr/IrOx‐50 NWs express about five times mass activity referring to Ir/C for OER. Remarkably, the ratio‐optimized PtIr/IrOx NWs electrode couple achieves a durably continuous H2 production under a substantially low cell voltage.
Transport Vibration and Shock Characteristics of A110 kV/40MVAVehicular Mobile Transformer
Authors: Fan Yadong , Xu Bing , Wang Jianguo , Wu Jinglu , Liu Zeting , Cai Li 
Published: April 2022

Vehicular mobile transformers will suffer from frequent vibration and shock during transportation, which may lead to the damage of transformers. In order to understand the characteristics of vibration and shock during transportation, the three‐axis vibration and shock acceleration of a 110 kV/40MVA vehicular mobile transformer was measured by using a self‐developed transportation condition monitoring system. The time‐domain characteristics and frequency‐domain characteristics were analyzed. The relationship of vibration and shock acceleration with driving speed was also discussed. Results show that they‐axis vibration and shock acceleration is generally the lowest. The main frequency ofx‐axis acceleration is 4–8 Hz, whiley‐axis acceleration is 1–7 Hz and 25–28 Hz, andz‐axis acceleration is 1–5 Hz. The related scattered points of the vibration acceleration with the driving speed are approximately distributed on a straight line, and that of the shock acceleration with the driving speed are approximately distributed on an exponential function curve. According to the limitation of 3 g vibration and shock acceleration in international standards, the driving speed of the 110 kV vehicular mobile transformer in highway, highway ramp and the first class road are suggested to be limited to 66, 51, and 49 km/h, respectively. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
HybridTDPEEC/FDTDMethod for Lightning Transient Analysis in Solar Panels
Authors: Qi Ruihan , Ding Yuxuan , Du Yaping , Cai Hansheng , Jia Lei , Xiao Xiaobing , Liu Anjiang , Li Yue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSolar energy is one of the clean renewable energy, which plays an important role in energy strategy. As the solar panels of photovoltaic system are installed on the outdoor roof or open area, lightning is an important threat to the safe and stable operation of photovoltaic power generation system. Because of mutual coupling among the fine‐structure solar panel, the ground and the buried wire grid, special techniques are required to develop for simulating transients in the panels. In this paper, a hybrid time domain partial element equivalent circuit/finite difference time domain (TD‐PEEC/FDTD) method was proposed to solve the electromagnetic coupling problem of the coexistence of electrically large targets and electrically small target. The FDTD method was suitable for modeling fields in inhomogeneous media, while the TD‐PEEC method was efficient in modeling elaborate wires. By using the principle of equivalence, the algorithm and the target were parallelized in different regions, which can improve the efficiency of calculation to the greatest extent on the premise of ensuring the correctness and accuracy. Compared with the traditional FDTD method, the feasibility of the hybrid method was verified. Finally, the method was applied to the lightning transient analysis of the inclined photovoltaic panel in the process of indirect lightning stroke. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Health status and risk profiles for brain aging of rural‐dwelling older adults: Data from the interdisciplinary baseline assessments in MIND‐China
Authors: Wang Yongxiang , Han Xiaolei , Zhang Xianda , Zhang Zhonglin , Cong Lin , Tang Shi , Hou Tingting , Liu Cuicui , Han Xiaojuan , Zhang Qinghua , Feng Jianli , Yin Ling , Song Lin , Dong Yi , Liu Rui , Li Yuanjing , Ngandu Tiia , Kivipelto Miia , Snyder Heather , Carrillo Maria , Persson Jonas , Fratiglioni Laura , Launer Lenore J , Jia Jianping , Du Yifeng , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionMultidomain intervention approaches have emerged as a potential strategy to reduce dementia risk. We sought to describe the baseline assessment approaches, health conditions, and risk profiles for brain aging of participants in the randomized controlled Multimodal INterventions to delay Dementia and disability in rural China (MIND‐China).MethodsMIND‐China engaged residents who were ≥60 years of age and living in rural communities in the western Shandong province. In March to September 2018, all participants underwent the core module assessments via face‐to‐face interviews, clinical examinations, neuropsychological testings, and laboratory tests. Specific modules of examination were performed for sub‐samples, including brain magnetic resonance imaging scans, genetic and blood biochemical markers, actigraphy testing, cardiopulmonary coupling analysis for sleep quality and disturbances, audiometric testing, and optical coherence tomography examination. We performed descriptive analysis.ResultsIn total, 5765 participants (74.9% of all eligible residents) undertook the baseline assessments. The mean age was 70.9 years (standard deviation, 5.9), 57.2% were women, 40.6% were illiterate, and 88.3% were farmers. The overall prevalence of common chronic diseases was 67.2% for hypertension, 23.4% for dyslipidemia, 23.5% for heart disease, 14.4% for diabetes mellitus, and 5.4% for dementia. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, heart disease, depressive symptoms, and dementia were higher in women than in men (P < .05). Overall, 87.1% of the participants had at least two of the 15 chronic diseases (89.3% in women vs 84.2% in men, P < .001). Participants examined for the specific modules were younger, more likely to be women, and more educated than those not examined.DiscussionComprehensive baseline assessments of participants in MIND‐China provide extremely valuable data sources for interdisciplinary research into the complex relationships of aging, health, brain aging, and functional consequences among older adults living in the rural communities.Highlights
MIND‐China is a multimodal intervention study among rural residents ≥60 years of age.
At baseline, 5765 participants undertook the interdisciplinary assessments.
The baseline assessments consisted of core module and specific modules.
Specific modules included brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), blood biomarkers, ActiGraph, cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC), pure‐tone audiometry (PTA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Modular flavour symmetries and modulus stabilisation
Authors: Novichkov P. P. , Penedo J. T. , Petcov S. T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the problem of modulus stabilisation in the framework of the modular symmetry approach to the flavour problem. By analysing simple UV-motivated CP-invariant potentials for the modulus τ we find that a class of these potentials has (non-fine-tuned) CP-breaking minima in the vicinity of the point of $$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{Z}}}_3^{ST} $$

ℤ
3
ST

residual symmetry, τ ≃ e2πi/3. Stabilising the modulus at these novel minima breaks spontaneously the CP symmetry and can naturally explain the mass hierarchies of charged leptons and possibly of quarks.
The generalized first law for more general matter
Authors: Chen Hong Zhe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In previous work, a first law of generalized entropy was derived from semiclassical gravitational dynamics around thermal setups using an assumed relation between the matter modular Hamiltonian and the gravitational stress tensor. Allowing for non-minimal coupling between curvature and any tensor matter fields, we show however, that the modular Hamiltonian of thermal states is given by the integrated bulk Noether current associated to time translation plus a spacetime boundary term. One generally cannot express this in terms of gravitational stress tensor components. Still, working with the correct expression for the modular Hamiltonian, we are able to recover a first law of generalized entropy, with added benefits over the previous result. Firstly, any Wald-Dong contributions to generalized entropy resulting from non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature are included. Secondly, in gravitational equations of motion, we allow for a non-vanishing stress tensor expectation value in the unperturbed background and state, and account for background field perturbations as part of its variation. Finally, the quantum matter is allowed to contribute nontrivially to asymptotic energy, e.g. as is necessary, even for a minimally coupled Maxwell field, to recover the expected thermodynamic first law of charged black holes.
Duals of Feynman Integrals. Part II. Generalized unitarity
Authors: Caron-Huot Simon , Pokraka Andrzej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The first paper of this series introduced objects (elements of twisted relative cohomology) that are Poincaré dual to Feynman integrals. We show how to use the pairing between these spaces — an algebraic invariant called the intersection number — to express a scattering amplitude over a minimal basis of integrals, bypassing the generation of integration-by-parts identities. The initial information is the integrand on cuts of various topologies, computable as products of on-shell trees, providing a systematic approach to generalized unitarity. We give two algorithms for computing the multi-variate intersection number. As a first example, we compute 4- and 5-point gluon amplitudes in generic space-time dimension. We also examine the 4-dimensional limit of our formalism and provide prescriptions for extracting rational terms.
Trampolinspringen-induzierte Makrohämaturie
Authors: Cox Alexander , Hofmann A. , Neissner C. , Federle C. , Rösch W. H. 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird über den Fall eines 12-jährigen Jungen mit sportinduzierter, rezidivierender Makrohämaturie und linksseitigen Flankenschmerzen berichtet. Nach umfangreicher laborchemischer sowie bildgebender Diagnostik wird in Zusammenschau des charakteristischen klinischen Bildes die Diagnose Nussknackersyndrom gestellt. Unter konservativen Maßnahmen sowie Verzicht auf den auslösenden Sport kam es zu einer klinischen sowie bildmorphologisch bestätigten Maturation.
Cost-utility analysis of teriflunomide in naïve vs. previously treated patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis in Italy
Authors: Lazzaro Carlo , Bergamaschi Roberto , Zaffaroni Mauro , Totaro Rocco , Paolicelli Damiano 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) accounts for 176 cases per 100,000 inhabitants (female/male ratio = 2:1) in Italy. For most of the patients (67%), the disease course is relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS).ObjectiveTo compare the costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) of teriflunomide in RRMS naïve patients vs. RRMS patients previously treated (experienced) with other disease-modifying therapies in Italy.MethodsA four health states Markov model-supported cost-utility analysis (CUA) covering a 7-year timespan through annual cycles was developed, following the healthcare sector and the societal viewpoints. Part of the parameters that populated the Markov model was obtained from a questionnaire administered to four primary Italian MS centres. Costs of healthcare and non-healthcare resources, expressed in euro (€) 2019, and QALYs were discounted at 3% real social discount rate. One-way, scenario and probabilistic sensitivity analyses tested the uncertainty of the baseline findings.ResultsBaseline CUA shows that teriflunomide in RRMS naïve patients is strongly dominant vs. experienced patients (healthcare sector perspective: − €1042.68 and + 0.480 QALYs; societal perspective: − €6782.81 and + 0.480 QALYs). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the baseline results.ConclusionTeriflunomide in RRMS naïve vs. experienced patients is cost-effective and possibly strongly dominant from both the healthcare sector and the society viewpoints in Italy. Our findings need further confirmation from real-world studies.
“Dark patterns” in online services: a motivating study and agenda for future research
Authors: Runge Julian , Wentzel Daniel , Huh Ji Young , Chaney Allison 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Some companies offering online services employ tactics that make it hard for customers to quit their accounts. These tactics are commonly referred to as “dark patterns” and may include hiding the cancelation procedure, asking customers to go through an excessive number of steps to complete the cancelation, or simply not letting customers quit their accounts straight away. Arguably, dark patterns are the result of misaligned incentives between companies and customers as companies can still benefit from their customers’ data even if they no longer use the companies’ services. Against this background, the authors conduct an observational survey of the state of current market practice and call for future research that enhances our understanding of dark patterns, their organizational antecedents, customers’ psychological responses to these tactics, and the wider consequences of dark patterns for firms and markets.
Breaking the right way: a closer look at how we dissolve commitments
Authors: Chennells Matthew , Michael John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractJoint action enables us to achieve our goals more efficiently than we otherwise could, and in many cases to achieve goals that we could not otherwise achieve at all. It also presents us with the challenge of determining when and to what extent we should rely on others to make their contributions. Interpersonal commitments can help with this challenge – namely by reducing uncertainty about our own and our partner’s future actions, particularly when tempting alternative options are available to one or more parties. How we know whether a commitment is in place need not, however, be based on an explicit, identifiable event; in many cases, joint action is stabilized by individuals’ experience of an implicit sense of commitment, which is sensitive to subtle situational cues such as the effort costs invested by one or more agents. While an emerging body of work has investigated the conditions under which a sense of commitment may emerge and/or be strengthened, little attention has been paid to the conditions under which people are comfortable dissolving commitments. Specifically, what are the factors that modulate people’s motivation and which determine whether circumstances merit the dissolution of a commitment? After evaluating and rejecting the answers to this question suggested by standard approaches to commitment, we develop a new approach. The core insight which we articulate and defend is that, when considering whether new information or changing circumstances merit the dissolution of a commitment, people virtually bargain with their partners, performing a simulation of a bargaining process with the other person, including imagining how the other will feel and act towards them, and what effect this will have on them. The output of this simulation is a consciously accessible, affective state which provides motivation either to dissolve the commitment or to persist in it. Overall, our account expands our understanding of the phenomenology of being motivated to act committed in joint activity, an area in which existing accounts of interpersonal commitment fall short.
Clustering-enhanced stock price prediction using deep learning
Authors: Li Man , Zhu Ye , Shen Yuxin , Angelova Maia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, artificial intelligence technologies have been successfully applied in time series prediction and analytic tasks. At the same time, a lot of attention has been paid to financial time series prediction, which targets the development of novel deep learning models or optimize the forecasting results. To optimize the accuracy of stock price prediction, in this paper, we propose a clustering-enhanced deep learning framework to predict stock prices with three matured deep learning forecasting models, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The proposed framework considers the clustering as the forecasting pre-processing, which can improve the quality of the training models. To achieve the effective clustering, we propose a new similarity measure, called Logistic Weighted Dynamic Time Warping (LWDTW), by extending a Weighted Dynamic Time Warping (WDTW) method to capture the relative importance of return observations when calculating distance matrices. Especially, based on the empirical distributions of stock returns, the cost weight function of WDTW is modified with logistic probability density distribution function. In addition, we further implement the clustering-based forecasting framework with the above three deep learning models. Finally, extensive experiments on daily US stock price data sets show that our framework has achieved excellent forecasting performance with overall best results for the combination of Logistic WDTW clustering and LSTM model using 5 different evaluation metrics.
Particulate matter emissions during autopsies: a method to reduce exposure
Authors: Dröge Janis , Moussaoui Ibrahim El , Klingelhöfer Doris , Held Hannelore , Groneberg David. A. , Verhoff Marcel A. , Plenzig Stefanie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Particulate matter emitted during autopsies can serve as a vector for numerous viruses or bacteria and can lead to infections. Reducing the exposure of those particles in indoor working environments is, therefore, an important issue. To assess the health risk for employees in forensic medicine, we measure particulate matter in the ambient air during autopsies by using an aerosol spectrometer. The autopsies were performed with either an ordinary oscillating saw or an adapted saw with a suction unit. The particle emissions from both saws were compared to each other in order to evaluate whether a technical adaption leads to a particle reduction. Furthermore, the particle exposure reduction by wearing a face mask and variations in the background concentration in the room were analyzed. High particle concentrations were measured while using the ordinary saw. By using the adapted saw or wearing a face mask, the particle exposure could mostly be avoided. On the majority of the working days, an increase in the background concentration could be observed. Based on this knowledge, the use of a proper suction unit and wearing a face mask during autopsies is necessary. Besides, it is important to have sufficient ventilation in the room so that long-lasting high background concentrations can be prevented.
Graphical abstract