bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the Covid pandemic and lockdown on stillbirth rates in a South Indian perinatal centre
Authors: Aziz Nuzhat , Chandra Ravula Pallavi , Devi Sailaja , Yerubandi Siri 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The Covid-19 pandemic affected antenatal care in many parts of the world. It brought about many changes as part of control and containment measures. We examined the effect of the first and second waves of the pandemic in India on stillbirth rates, as indicators of quality of maternity care.

Methods
Observational study at a tertiary referral perinatal centre with approximately 10,000 births annually. The Covid-19 first wave period was taken as January to December 2020 with lockdown March to June 2020, which included complete shut down of clinics and ultrasound services. The second wave was from January to September 2021. All women with singleton pregnancy who had hospital based antenatal care were included. We investigated monthly trends in obstetric load (new antenatal registrations, total obstetric clinic numbers and total births) with stillbirth numbers as the pandemic continued (daily Covid case trend). We compared first and second wave stillbirth rates, overall as well as those that were small for gestational age (<10th centile) at delivery.

Results
There were 9,251 births with 32 stillbirths in the first wave (rate 3.46/1,000) and 6,228 births with 14 stillbirths in the second wave (2.25/1,000). This represented a 54% higher rate in the first phase and extended lockdown period (p=0.08). The incidence of stillbirths that were SGA was significantly higher in the first wave: 14 vs. 2, (p=0.03).

Conclusions
Reduced access to planned antenatal care during Covid-19 pandemic lockdown was associated with a significant increase in SGA stillbirths.
The effects of caffeine on the motility and viability of stallion spermatozoa at different temperature conditions
Authors: Halo Marko , Tirpák Filip , Massányi Martin , Kováč Ján , Mlyneková Eva , Greń Agnieszka , Halo Marko , Massányi Peter 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose- and time-dependent effect of caffeine treatment on the motility and viability of stallion spermatozoa at different temperatures. Six dose groups (A to F) were established with changing caffeine concentrations (from 0.625 to 10 mg/mL). The control samples were prepared by diluting the ejaculate only with physiological salt solution. The samples were examined after 0, 1, 2 and 3 h of incubation at 5 °C and 37 °C. The motility parameters were evaluated by Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer (CASA) system, and the viability was assessed by the mitochondrial toxicity test at the end of the incubation. A positive effect of the lowest tested caffeine concentration on the motility parameters was observed throughout the incubation period at 5 °C. At the end of the 3h incubation, the viability in every sample in these groups, treated with any caffeine concentration, showed lower values compared to the control. At the higher incubation temperature (37 °C), caffeine positively affected the motility in samples B (P < 0.05) and D, E, F (P < 0.001) after 3 h of incubation; however, the viability showed a slightly decreasing tendency. Our results suggest that caffeine, in an optimal concentration, may be used as a component of stallion semen extenders.
Manajemen Kurikulum Bela Negara dan Kemaritiman dalam Membentuk Karakter Peserta Didik di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Musthofa Musthofa , Arifin Imron , Juharyanto Juharyanto , Supriyanto Achmad 
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe management of Bela Negara and Kemaritiman curriculum in building students character at senior high school. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study. The reasons to use a case study is the research metode focused on a unique case of detailed. Data resources for this study include; curriculum expert staff as key informant, headmaster, vice principal of the curriculum, and special curriculum implementation team as additional informant. Data were analysed through data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. The study results show that Bela Negara and Kemaritiman curriculum through learning activities, training activities, and parenting activities then supported by a boarding school education system, Bela Negara and Kemaritiman curriculum explore the strong national character in students consists of tolerance value, discipline, hard work, independent, responsible, and has the soul of nationalism.
Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini medeskripskan manajemen kurikulum bela negara dan kemaritiman dalam membentuk karakter peserta didik di sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Alasan menggunakan jenis penelitian studi kasus adalah metode penelitian ini memusatkan perhatian pada suatu peristiwa yang unik secara rinci. Sumber data penelitian ini antara lain; Staf Ahli Kurikulum sebagai informan kunci, serta Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Sekolah Kurikulum, dan tim pelaksana kurikulum khusus sebagai informan tambahan. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, serta menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan kurikulum bela negara dan kemaritiman melalui kegiatan pembelajaran, kegiatan pelatihan, dan kegiatan pengasuhan serta didukung dengan sistem pendidikan sekolah berasrama, kurikulum bela negara dan kemaritiman ini menghasilkan pembentukan karakter kebangsaan pada peserta didik yang kuat yakni nilai toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, mandiri, tanggung jawab, dan memiliki jiwa nasionalisme.
Early Marriage and Various Factors That Affect
Authors: Pramitasari Sinta , Megatsari Hario 
Published: June 2022

Background: In the Sustainable Goal Development or SDGs, one of the efforts made is to achieve gender equality and empower women, namely SDGs goal number five. One of the efforts made is to eliminate child marriage and early age marriage.
Objective: This study aims to identify the factors causing early age marriage in Wonosari sub-district, Gunungkidul district. The factors that influence early marriage are respondent characteristics, level of knowledge, attitudes, family support, the role of peers and access to information.
Methods: This research is an analytical survey using a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. by using research subjects in the form of respondents as many as 115 respondents while the object of research is in Wonosari sub-district, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta.
Result: The results of the analysis in this study indicate that education has a negative and significant effect on early marriage. Knowledge has a negative and significant effect on early marriage. Family support has a positive and significant effect on early marriage. The role of peers has a positive and significant effect on early marriage. Access to information has a negative and significant effect on early marriage. Employment status has a negative and insignificant effect on early marriage. Family income has a negative and insignificant effect on early marriage and attitudes have a positive and insignificant effect on early marriage.
Conclusion: Education, knowledge, the role of peers, access information have significant effect on early marriage. Employment status, family income, and attitudes have insignificant effect on early marriage.
Evaluation Of Hand Hygiene Audit In Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections At Haji Hospital Surabaya In 2020
Authors: Puspitasari Novia Indah , Mudjianto Dwiono , Yamani Laura Navika 
Published: June 2022

Latar Belakang: Hand hygiene (HH) merupakan salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk mencegah penyebaran infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan. Audit hand hygiene digunakan untuk menilai kepatuhan hand hygiene. Kepatuhan hand hygiene di Rumah Sakit Haji Surabaya pada tahun 2020 mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan sebesar 93,65% dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan angka kepatuhan pelaporan audit yang mengalami penurunan sebesar 77,5% dari tahun sebelumnya.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaporan audit kepatuhan kebersihan tangan sebagai upaya pencegahan HAIs di RS Haji Surabaya.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dalam bentuk studi evaluasi berdasarkan pendekatan sistem (input, proses, output) menggunakan data sekunder laporan audit kepatuhan hand hygiene Rumah Sakit Haji Surabaya tahun 2020. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari wawancara mendalam dengan Komite Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi (PPI) dan IPCLN (Infection Prevention and Control Link Nurse) di RS Haji Surabaya. Data dianalisis dengan membandingkan dan mendeskripsikan target dan capaian laporan audit kepatuhan hand hygiene.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan komponen input, fasilitas sudah tersedia dengan baik, sedangkan SPO terkait penggunaan aplikasi healthy plus dan jumlah IPCLN belum terpenuhi. Berdasarkan komponen proses, pengumpulan data sudah sesuai dengan pedoman WHO tahun 2009, sedangkan pengolahan data, analisis data, pelaporan data belum belum sesuai. Berdasarkan kompenen output, angka kepatuhan hand hygiene berdasarkan waktu, tempat, dan orang telah dilaporkan sesuai dengan pedoman WHO tahun 2009 dan telah mencapai target yang ditentukan, sedangkan ketepatan pelaporan mengalami penurunan dan masih jauh dari target yang diharapkan.
Kesimpulan: Ketepatan pelaporan audit kepatuhan kebersihan tangan di rumah sakit haji Surabaya masih belum baik, sehingga disarankan untuk membuat SPO terkait dengan penggunaan aplikasi healthy plus, mengatur jam kerja IPCLN, dan memperbaiki sistem pada aplikasi healthy plus khususnya pada item penilaian hand hygiene yang tidak terinstal di dalam komputer setiap ruangan di rumah sakit.
Kata kunci: audit, infeksi terkait pelayanan kesehatan, kebersihan tangan, pelaporan
Successful removal of the largest reported intrathoracic lipoma with bilateral extension: A case report
Authors: Rahman S M Tajdit , Islam Md Faizul , Rasha S. M. Zakirullah , Rahim Abdur , Elora Tania Binte Ghani , Razzaque A K M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundUnlike subcutaneous lipomas, thoracic cavity lipomas are extremely rare and can develop to be quite large without causing any symptoms. However, managing massive lipoma that involves both chest cavities is usually challenging, especially when considering the approach for excision.CaseWe report our experience of surgical management of a case of a 46-year-old male with huge intrathoracic lipoma that extends bilaterally and is known to be the largest of such kind. The tumor was resected successfully using median sternotomy. Histological analysis confirmed features of lipoma. ConclusionTo remove a bilateral intrathoracic lipoma, various surgical approaches have been documented. In our experience, a median sternotomy allows better exposure, which aids in complete surgical extirpation resulting in the prevention of recurrence.
Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysms Complicated by infective endocarditis: one is rupturing into the left ventricle and another is dissecting into interventricular septum
Authors: Gao Huanhuan , Cheng Yan , Xie Linyuan , Mou Yun , Hu Zhiqiang , Zheng Zhelan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is an uncommon cardiac abnormality and can be serious complication of infection, trauma, or after cardiac surgery or procedure. Clinical features and symptoms are inextricably linked to aneurysm progression and the site of rupture.
Case presentation:
We present two rare cases of ruptured SVA both associated with infective endocarditis (IE): one is rupturing into left ventricle (LV) and another is dissecting into interventricular septum (IVS).
Conclusions
This case highlights expanding clinical view of SVA complicated by IE using echocardiography and hemodynamic assessment to guide surgical planning.
The effect of mHealth-based exercise on Insulin Sensitivity for patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma and insulin resistance (mISH): protocol of a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Yeo Seung Mi , Oh Joo Hyun , Yu Hee Ju , Sinn Dong Hyun , Hwang Ji Hye 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The importance of insulin resistance is gaining increasing attention as it plays an important role in carcinogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although exercise is the most important intervention for lowering insulin resistance, it is not easy for HCC patients to maintain high compliance and do appropriate exercise. Mobile health (mHealth) with wearable devices, can be the solution to carry out an adjusted and supervised exercise that can improve insulin resistance in patients with HCC. We developed an HCC-specific application equipped with patient-centered exercise. In this paper, we present a randomized controlled trial protocol that compares the exercise group with the usual follow-up care group to determine if mHealth-based exercise has the effect of improving insulin sensitivity in HCC patients with insulin resistance after anticancer treatment.
Methods
An assessor-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted for 80 participants who have received curative treatment and are in a complete response at the time of screening, with or without treatment-naive or recurrent HCC. They will be randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups: an intervention group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). The intervention group will carry out mHealth-based exercise for 6 months from baseline, whereas the control group will receive the usual follow-up care for the first 3 months and mHealth-based exercise for the next 3 months. Both groups will be assessed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months from baseline. The primary outcome is the improvement of insulin sensitivity at 3 months. The secondary outcomes include improvement of insulin sensitivity at 6 months, body composition, physical fitness level, physical activity, quality of life and adverse events at 3 and 6 months.
Discussion
This study is the first RCT to investigate the effect of mHealth-based home exercise with a wrist-wearable device on insulin sensitivity, physical fitness, and quality of life (QoL) for HCC patients with insulin resistance. The result of this RCT will confirm not only safety and functional improvement but also biological effect when exercising using mHealth in HCC patients.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04649671. Registered 2 December 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04649671
Diversity and distribution of bryophytes and their implications in ion-type rare earth mines in southern Jiangxi, China
Authors: Cai Qi Ying , Li Bin , Cai Mei Ting , Liu Yi Zhen , Wu Lan , Ge Gang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Bryophytes play an important role in post-mining vegetation succession in metal-mining areas. As a pioneer group, bryophytes can prevent soil erosion, increase soil nutrition, and affect subsequent vegetation succession. This study investigated the diversity and distribution of bryophytes in the ion-type rare earth mining area of southern Jiangxi Province in southeast China to reveal the key environmental factors influencing vegetation restoration, the effect of vegetation restoration through community structure composition, and the most dominant and therefore suitable groups for vegetation restoration.
Methods
Investigations and sampling were carried out in five mining areas. In each area, the diversity and distribution of bryophytes in five typical habitats [virgin field (VF), orchard, ammonium deposition leaching (ADL), ammonium in situ leaching (AISL), and cropland] were analyzed.
Results
A total of 118 species of bryophytes belonging to 66 genera and 36 families were collected and identified. Endemic species were found in all habitats in the mining area, and the dominant bryophytes were common species in all habitats. The bryophyte diversity showed habitat-related changes, in the following order: cropland > orchard > VF > AISL > ADL. A structural equation model showed that soil moisture and slope location directly affected bryophyte diversity. Bryophyte communities in turfs and cushions were the dominant groups that adapted to the harsh post-mining environment. Edaphic factors had a greater influence on the bryophyte distribution than topographic and biological factors, at both the overall and habitat scale. Soil moisture was the most important factor affecting the overall distribution of bryophytes in the mining area. There were clear differences in the importance of factors affecting the bryophyte community structure in different habitats.
Conclusion
Although mining activities significantly reduce bryophyte diversity, bryophyte communities adapt to the lack of water and moisture by adjusting their life-form structure and species composition. The common species in mining areas might be suitable materials for local vegetation restoration. Deliberate manipulation of the terrain, nutrient supplementation, and reducing the concentrations of harmful substances will help accelerate the early succession of vegetation in leached soil.
Pain in Rett syndrome: two pilot studies on the assessment of pain and the construction of a suitable measuring scale
Authors: Fabio Rosa Angela , Chiarini Liliana , Canegallo Virginia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a severe, neurodevelopmental disorder mainly caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene, affecting around 1 in 10,000 female births. Severe physical, language, and social impairments impose a wide range of limitations in the quality of life of the patients with RTT. Comorbidities of patients with RTT are varied and cause a lot of pain, but communicating this suffering is difficult for these patients due to their problems, such as apraxia that does not allow them to express pain in a timely manner, and their difficulties with language that also do not permit them to communicate. Two pilot studies investigate the manifestation of pain of patients with RTT and propose a suitable scale to measure it. Aims of this study: the first aim was to describe pain situations of RTT by collecting information by parents; the second aim was to test and compare existing questionnaires for non-communicating disorders on pain such as PAINAD, CPOT, and NCCPC-R to assess which of them is best related to the pain behavior of patients with RTT. The third aim was to identify the specific verbal and non-verbal behaviors that characterize pain in girls with Rett syndrome, discriminating them from non-pain behaviors. Method: eighteen girls with RTT and one girl with RTT with 27 manifestations of pain were video-recorded both in pain and base-line conditions. Two independent observers codified the 90 video-recording (36 and 54) to enhance their behavioral characteristics.Results: The two studies showed that the most significant pain behaviors expressed by girls with respect to the baseline condition, at the facial level were a wrinkled forehead, wide eyes, grinding, banging teeth, complaining, making sounds, crying and screaming, and the most common manifestations of the body were tremors, forward and backward movement of the torso, tension in the upper limbs, increased movement of the lower limbs and a sprawling movement affecting the whole body. Conclusion: The results of the two studies helped to create an easy-to-apply scale that healthcare professionals can use to assess pain in patients with Rett's syndrome. This scale used PAINAD as its basic structure, with some changes in the items related to the behavior of patients with RTT.
Carbon prices in time and space
Authors: Dolphin Geoffroy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Existing carbon pricing policies vary in their institutional design, sectoral scope, and price. Comparing and evaluating policies across jurisdictions therefore requires a harmonized approach. This paper’s contribution is twofold. First, I present newly collected data that provide a detailed and standardized
record of carbon pricing mechanisms in force worldwide. Second, I develop a methodology that uses this data to calculate average (emissions-weighted) carbon prices in all national and subnational jurisdictions where carbon pricing mechanisms have been implemented. This comprehensive assessment leads to three observations: (i) at constant scope, emissions covered by such mechanisms tend to decline over time, as a share of both total jurisdiction and world emissions, (ii) a significant gap
between the maximum and economywide average price on emissions exists, and (iii) this average price is well below the global social cost of carbon and levels compatible with the objectives of the Paris Agreement.
Applications of Sliding Sampling to Biological Sequences
Authors: Gonzalez-Lugo Octavio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Biological sequences contain information about the function and regulation of different components within a biological system. Accurate modeling will yield a deeper understanding of the system, as well as better experimental designs. Nonetheless, computational constraints of the different available methods continue to prevent its use on large scale. Sliding sub-sampling of biological sequences can generate either vector-based or graph-based sequence encodings. Each one of them can be used to train generative models for an unsupervised representation learning task. Offering a suitable tool to analyze fast-evolving biological systems such as SARS-Cov2. Analysis of variational autoencoders bottleneck representation shows a distinguishable temporal component. Changes in 4-mer composition in the region that codes for the structural SARS-Cov2 proteins. Non-symmetrical changes in 4-mer composition drive the viral temporal adaptation process. Furthermore, mean nucleotide composition and encodings of SARS-Cov2 appear to be constrained by day length. Development and refinement of sequence analysis methods will lead to a better understanding of viral adaptation and evolution.
Effectiveness measure in change-based three-way decision
Authors: Jiang Chunmao , Duan Ying , Guo Doudou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The trisecting-acting-outcome (TAO) model of a three-way decision is a practical approach to solving complex problems, consisting of three components: trisecting, acting, and outcome. Trisecting means dividing a complex problem into three parts based on an evaluation function, and acting means designing the corresponding action to apply to these three parts. The outcome denotes evaluation effectiveness based on the first two steps. Measuring this outcome is a challenging and moving question after trisecting-and-acting (T\&A). This paper proposes a method to measure outcome based on object changes before and after T\&A based on top-down and bottom-up perspectives, depending on the decision needs. First, evaluation functions are constructed that extend the traditional evaluation functions to measure changes. Then, based on the introduced evaluation functions, qualitative and quantitative of three-way changes are introduced and analyzed. Furthermore, we present the processes that determine the optimal strategy with the quantitative analysis. The analysis of several examples shows the effectiveness and practicality of our proposed method.