bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-Morphology of Some Decapod Crustaceans in a Tropical Coastal Marine Waters
Authors: O. Ajibare Adefemi , O. Olawusi-Peters Olaronke , O. Akinola Joshua 
Published: May 2022

The relationship among the morphology, population of crustaceans and water quality of the coastal marine waters of Ondo State, Nigeria, was assessed in order to accentuate the sustainability of biodiversity in the coasts. Standard methods were employed to identify and examine the effect of the environment on the crustaceans. The DO (7.58 mg/l), temperature (29.53°C), pH (6.69), turbidity (44.03NTU), salinity (16.48‰), hardness (85.88 mg/l), biochemical oxygen demand (21.22 mg/l) and conductivity (41.55 μS cm−1). The population structure of decapod crustaceans follows the order Nematopalaemon hastatus > Farfantepenaeus notialis > Holthuispenaeopsis atlantica > Macrobrachium macrobrachion > Sanquerus validus > Ocypode africana > Callinectes marginatus. The sampled organisms (F. notialis, M. macrobrachion, N. hastatus and Holthuispenaeopsis atlantica) had mean total length (cm) (9.41 ± 1.62, 7.14 ± 0.77, 6.69 ± 0.81 and 11.78 ± 0.60) and body weight (g) of (3.21 ± 1.63, 2.37 ± 0.79, 1.34 ± 0.56 and 6.72 ± 0.47 g), respectively. C. marginatus, Ocypode africana and Sanquerus validus had a mean carapace length (cm) of 5.50 ± 0.71, 4.83 ± 1.27 and 8.31 ± 3.50, respectively, and mean body weight (g) of 4.69 ± 0.95, 3.41 ± 4.72 and 66.21 ± 50.45, respectively. PCA revealed strong correlation among BOD, DO and the morphological parameters of each species. Also, Single Factor and Comprehensive Pollution Indices revealed a slightly and moderately polluted aquatic ecosystem, respectively. Thus, adequate control of all activities in the ecosystem for healthy growth and survival of aquatic species is essential.
Glucocorticoids induce osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats via PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Fei , Zhou Jian Lin , Wei Si Xing , Jiang Ze Wen , Peng Hao 
Published: May 2022

Background
Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a disorder that causes severe disability in patients and has a high incidence worldwide. Although glucocorticoid (GC)-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts is an important cytological basis of SONFH, the detailed mechanism underlying SONFH pathogenesis remains elusive. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was reported to involve in cell survival and apoptosis.

Objective
We explored the role of PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway and its downstream targets during glucocorticoid -induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Methods
We obtained gene expression profile of osteoblasts subjected to dexamethasone (Dex) treatment from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out and functional enrichment analysis were conducted by bioinformatics analysis. In vitro, we analyzed Dex-induced apoptosis in MC3T3-E1 cells and explored the role of PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway in this phenomenon by employing siRNA-FOXO1 and IGF-1(PI3K/AKT agonist). Finally, we verified our results in a rat model of SONFH.

Results
In Dex-treated osteoblasts, DEGs were mainly enriched in the FOXO signaling pathway. Dex inhibited MC3T3-E1 cell viability in a dose-dependent effect and induced apoptosis by increasing the expression levels of FOXO1, Bax, cleaved-Caspase-3, and cleaved-Caspase-9, while reducing the expression of Bcl-2. Notably, these results were reversed by siRNA-FOXO1 treatment. Dex inhibited PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, upregulated FOXO1 expression and increased FOXO1 nuclear translocation, which were reversed by IGF-1. Compared to normal rats, the femoral head of SONFH showed increased expression of FOXO1, increased number of apoptotic cells, and empty osteocytic lacunas, as well as decreased bone tissue content and femoral head integrity. Significantly, the effects of GC-induced SONFH were alleviated following IGF-1 treatment.

Conclusion
Dex induces osteoblast apoptosis via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway. Our research offers new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis in SONFH and proposes FOXO1 as a therapeutic target for this disease.
Meeting our Commitment: School-Based Management System in the lens of School Performance
Authors: Linao Rian , Gosadan Beatriz 
Published: May 2022

Advocates of school-based management believe that school performance will improve if educational management is focused on the school level rather than on the division level. This paper aimed to find out if the school-based management system level of implementation significantly influences the school performance. The findings of the study reveal that the level of implementation of the school-based management system of the administrators in the elementary schools of Makilala Districts was at the developing and maturing level. Most of the administrators’ school performance was meeting the standards in the NAT average rating. School-based management system level of implementation in terms of leadership and governance, curriculum and instruction, accountability, and continuous improvement and management of resources significantly influence school performance. All of these indicators are the best significant predictors of school performance. These results further indicate that the higher is the administrators’ level of implementation on leadership and governance, curriculum and instruction, accountability and continuous improvement, and management of resources, the higher is the level of school performance.
Medication Reconciliation in Surgical Patient Admitted at Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India
Authors: Paljor Yoel Dewa 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Medication reconciliation is a formal procedure that includes compiling the most correct and comprehensive list of a patient’s current medications and comparing it to those listed in the patient’s medical record. This study aims to evaluate the pattern of Medication Reconciliation programme in our hospital. A retrospective observational study was carried out over a period of 6 months (Jan-2021 to Jun-2021) in department of surgery of SSB Heart and Multispecialty Hospital.
A total of 1700 patients were eligible among which 64.17% cases were found to be compliant and remaining 35.82% were non-compliant, which may be due to incomplete information from the patients and frequent change in staff. A continued education of the staff and proper communication with the patient is strongly recommended.
Effect of Spacing and Biofertilizer on Yield and Economic of Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Sasidhar Peruru , Singh Shika , Naidu Bevara Asiri , Chandra Y. Rajeeva Subash , Malleswari S. , Mohan Neeraganti 
Published: May 2022

A field experiment was carried out during zaid season of 2021 at crop research farm of SHUATS, Prayagraj to study about the Effect of Spacing and Biofertilizer on growth and yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) The experiment was laid out in randomized block design by keeping three spacing levels, i.e. S - (20 x 10 cm), S2 – (25 x 10 cm) and S3 – (30 x 10 cm) and Biofertilizers i.e. PSB and Rhizobium and which was replicated three. Results revealed that spacing of 30 x 10 cm + Rhizobium , PSB recorded significantly higher in plant height (43.88 cm), number of branches per plant (6.81), number of nodules per plant (25.84), number of pods per plant (37.30), number of seeds per pod (7.51) test weight (37.73 g), grain yield (836 kg/ha) and stover yield (2144 kg/ha) and plant dry weight (6.77 g/plant), crop growth rate results are showed in 20 x 10 cm + Rhizobium + PSB. However, net returns (54550.00 INR/ha) and B:C ratio (2.62) was also obtained with the application of spacing 30 x 10 cm + Rhizobium + PSB. Therefore I concluded that spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm + Rhizobium + PSB was produced more grains (836 kg/ha) and economic effect (2.62).
The Trajectory of Evolution of State Participation in Natural Resources in Developing Nations under International Law: The Nigerian Experience
Authors: Akabuiro Dominic Obilor 
Published: May 2022

The growth and development of a nation largely depends on how its natural resources are utilized for the good of the people. However, the narrative in some developing countries, particularly Nigeria is scary and this has birthed huge concerns on the global scene. The aim of this paper is to examine the history and growth of natural resource development by States for the betterment of the people in selected oil countries with emphasis on Nigeria. Nigeria’s experience with state participation in the development of its natural resources is uniquely discussed in this paper because; Nigeria being the most populous African nation and having the largest oil and gas deposits in Africa still has almost half of its population living below the poverty line.
The study examined state participation in four different jurisdictions including; Venezuela, Indonesia, Angola and Nigeria. Focus is placed on the Nigeria experience. The study adopted a qualitative and doctrinal research methodology.
At the root of all these frictions with natural resource development in Nigeria is the State’s inadequate policy and control with emphasis on localization to ensure that the center holds.
Nigerian state’s participation in natural resource development has grown from mere participation agreement to state corporation participation as a player in the oil and gas industry. Indigenous companies being enabled by the local content legislation have actively participated in the development of natural resources. However, while the aim of state participation in the development of natural resource is to improve the social and economic wellbeing of citizens, it goes without saying that the Nigerian people are fettered with resource injustice of which the state is culpable. It is not new that Nigeria still lacks and pays heavily for what it produces in abundance. It is called the resource curse syndrome.
Evaluation of the Abnormalities of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cholelithiasis
Authors: Jabeen Sadaf , Sial Ihsanullah , Shakeel Sabohi , Shaikh Khurram , Melwani Rekha , Sarwar Ghulam , Anis Syed Samir , Iqbal Kashmala M. 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Cholelithiasis is a chronic recurrent illness that affects the hepatobiliary system. Gall stone formation is caused by the impaired metabolism of cholesterol, bile acids and bilirubin. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the serum lipid parameters of gallstone patients with the control group.
Methodology: This was a Case control study conducted in surgical department of Sindh Government Hospital Korangi 5 by using convenient sampling technique. The duration of the study was about 06 months. A total of 54 patients aged above 15 years of both the genders wherein 28 patients diagnosed with Gallstone disease were considered as case group and 29 patients with no history of gallstones as controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics such as age, gender and Continuous variables such as lipid parameters (HDL-C, VDL-C, VLDL-C, TGs, TC) were documented as frequencies and percentages. Student’s t-test was used to compare the data between the cases and the control groups.
Results: The study results showed that out of 54 patients, 44(81.5%) were female and 10(18.5%) were male. Lipid profile of the cases and controls revealed that serum VDL-C was significantly higher (p=0.014) in control group 17(31.5%) as compared to cases 8(14.8%). most of the patients of case group 26(48.1%) had serum HDL-C levels between 35-45 mg/dl as compared to the controls 8(14.8%) with a statistically significant difference between them (p=0.001). Moreover, higher serum TGs levels > 200 mg/dl observed in 1(1.9%) patients in case group and 7 (13.0%) in controls with statistically significant difference between them (p=0.006)
Conclusion: This study concluded that the significant association observed between gallstones and abnormal lipid levels among controls and cases. Therefore, it was depicted that the risk of cholelithiasis increased with discrepancies in lipid profiles.
Effects of Anti-inflammatory Medication on Indoleamine 2,3 Dioxygenase Activity
Authors: Dawood Shazia , Bano Samina , Sundus Sadia , Aijaz Asma , Samreen Talat , Usmani Mohsin Ali 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To study the effects of anti-inflammatory medication on Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase activity.
Research Design: This was an investigational study.
Methodology: Eighteen fully grown albino rats separated into control and two treated sets, both treated sets were given indomethacin (50mg/1000g) orally. For acute treatment first treated set was sacrificed after 3.5 hrs & for chronic treatment second set was sacrificed after 3 days. However, control set animals were given an equivalent amount of vehicle.
Results: Outcomes shows that serum Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme activity was suppressed after acute treatment while serum IDO activity were increased after chronic treatment however no significant effect was seen on brain IDO.
Conclusion: It is concluded that indomethacin has not shown any significant effect on brain IDO. But inhibits serum IDO activity.
Copper‐triazine‐dendrimer‐functionalized‐graphene oxide: Synthesis, characterization, and application in green synthesis of propargylamines
Authors: Kumar Akash , Kujur Shelly , Kujur Jyoti Prabha , Sharma Richa , Pathak Devendra Deo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA copper‐triazine‐dendrimer‐functionalized graphene oxide (CTD‐GO) is synthesized for the first time. The structure of the dendrimer is confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), Fourier transform (FT) Raman, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), elemental mapping, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The catalytic activity of the CTD‐GO is demonstrated in green synthesis of a series of propargylamine derivatives in high yields via A3‐coupling of aldehyde, alkyne, and amine in water. After the reaction, the catalyst was easily recuperated from the reaction mixture and reused up to four times without any significant loss in its catalytic activity. Operational simplicity, high yields of product, use of green solvent, facile recovery and recyclability of the catalyst, and easy workup are the salient features of this procedure.
Influence of reducing agents in nanoparticle synthesis: SnO2‐ZnO composite anode
Authors: Lakshmi D. , Diana M. Infanta , Manoj Gayathri , Jayapandi S. , Nalini B. , Selvin P. Christopher , Balraju P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present research work is dedicated to understand the effect of synthesis medium on the nanocomposite anode, SnO2: ZnO, and their synergistic effects towards Li‐ion battery applications. Alkaline and acidic media as reducing agents such as NaOH, LiOH, and NaBH4 are chosen for the preparation of the composite, and the results are surprisingly varying. Structural analysis by means of X‐ray diffraction shows the mixed crystal symmetry inclusive of SnO2 and ZnO phases for all the three systems with varying ranges of each phases. The average crystallite sizes are around 20–39 nm for all the three samples. Morphological analysis of SnO2: ZnO anode by means of transmission electron microscopy indicates mixed shapes of grains for the samples synthesized by NaOH and LiOH, whereas reducing agent, NaBH4, falls into the spherical shape predominantly. Raman and selected area electron diffraction analyses validate the mixed crystal symmetry of all the three samples. Electrochemical performance of the samples is promising where NaBH4 mediated anode delivers reversible capacity around 225 m Ahg−1 exclusively. In the aspect of electrical conductivity, almost all the three samples employed with three different reducing agents fall in the range of ~10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature, validating the choice of the material as anode in Li‐ion battery technology.
Dyad pedagogy in practical anatomy: A description of the implementation and student perceptions of an adaptive approach to cadaveric teaching
Authors: Cullinane Dearbhla P. , Barry Denis S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrior to the challenges imposed by the Covid‐19 pandemic, anatomy practical sessions at Trinity College Dublin involved eight to 10 students per donor station, rotating between digital learning, anatomical models/osteology, and dissection activities for three hours weekly. To maintain cadaveric participation in the anatomy laboratory while adhering to distancing guidelines, a transition to dyad pedagogy was implemented. This mode of delivery allowed two students per donor station to spend one hour per week in the anatomy laboratory with all digital learning elements transferred to the virtual learning platform Blackboard as pre‐ and post‐practical session learning activities. Dyad pedagogy has been explored in clinical settings and simulation procedural‐based training but is yet to be fully verified in anatomy education. To determine the effectiveness of hybrid practical sessions and reduced donor to student ratios, the opinions of first year medical students were examined using an online questionnaire with a 51% response rate. Although students recognized the merits of more time in the anatomy laboratory, including opportunities for self‐directed study and exposure to anatomical variation, they felt that having two students per station enabled sufficient hands‐on time with the donor body and fostered learning opportunities that would not be possible with larger groups. Strong preferences for quality time with the donor body supported by online resources suggests this modality should be a key consideration in course design for anatomy curricula and emphasizes the importance of gauging students' preferences to optimize satisfaction and learning output when pivoting to blended learning strategies in anatomy education.
Characterizing and Mitigating Cyanobacterial Blooms in Drinking Water Reservoirs
Authors: Adams Hunter , Smith Stephanie A. , Reeder Sam , Appleton Emily , Leinweber Butch , Forbes Steve , Barrowman Polly , Ford Greg , Ikehata Keisuke , Southard Mark 
Published: May 2022

Key TakeawaysSuccessful detection and treatment of cyanobacterial blooms benefit from a thorough understanding of them.The sooner a harmful algal bloom is detected and identified, the easier and less expensive it will be to eliminate it.Many tools are available to refine monitoring and mitigation methods; research and technological advances continue to help support water utilities’ efforts.A laboratory in Wichita Falls, Texas, has developed a proactive, multifaceted approach to address the complexities of monitoring and mitigating blooms.
Relationship between seasons and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Tung Tao‐Hsin , Jiesisibieke Dina , Xu Qinyi , Chuang Yen‐Ching , Jiesisibieke Zhu Liduzi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveAs the reproduction season's effect on the mental health status is unknown, this study aims to explore the association between seasons and postpartum depression.MethodsA comprehensive search in databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE, was performed to identify studies reporting the relationship between reproduction season and postpartum depression. The latter was assessed using certain methods. Moreover, the study design and duration, sample size, the definition of four seasons, outcome assessment, method, and conclusion were extracted. Two independent authors screened the studies independently, and PRISMA 2020 was used as the reporting standard (PRISMA registration ID is 284524).ResultsA total of five studies including 103,986 participants met our criteria. In the sensitivity analysis, the result of the meta‐analysis shows that women who gave birth in spring, summer, or autumn had a lower risk of postpartum depression compared to those who gave birth in winter (RR: 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78–0.88).ConclusionWomen who gave birth in the other seasons were less likely to have postpartum depression compared to those who gave birth in winter. This result could help couples make overall decisions and help the puerpera take preventive measures against postpartum depression.
Steering the Selectivity of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction in Acidic Media
Authors: Xu Zhanyou , Sun Mingzi , Zhang Zhongshuo , Xie Yi , Hou Hongshuai , Ji Xiaobo , Liu Tianfei , Huang Bolong , Wang Ying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractImproving carbon utilization efficiency is the key to developing next‐generation electrolysers for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The current CO2RR electrolyser relies on the use of neutral/alkaline media to suppress the competitive hydrogen production and improve the activity of CO2RR. However, the produced carbonate/bicarbonate leads to severe carbon loss. Performing CO2RR in acidic media can suppress the carbonate formation while hydrogen production is the major issue. Herein, we found that the activity of acidic CO2RR can be well tuned through electrolyte optimization on Cu and Ag catalyst. DFT calculation suggests that this results from the change of local electronic structure on Cu by surface adsorbed alkali metal ions. Electrolytes with high content of K+ promote the overall CO2RR activity, especially multi‐carbon production in acidic media. CH4 is the dominant product in Na+ only electrolyte on Cu, with a Faradaic efficiency of 48 % at 220 mA cm−2 in pH=2 solution.
Biomimetic Peptide Catalytic Bond‐Forming Utilizing a Mild Brønsted Acid
Authors: Nakashima Erika , Yamamoto Hisashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the global peptide drug market demand has been predicted to increase, highly efficient and inexpensive mass scale peptides are required. However, the production process raises questions about the cost of energy input, scale‐up production, raw materials, and solvents treatment. This paper introduces 2 methods for the 2–4 mer oligopeptides bond formation for batch reaction utilizing 50–100 mol% of a mild Brønsted acid under the mild condition. One of the methods has been capably adapted to flow synthesis at room temperature using organic solvents with boiling points below 100 °C. The method applies the tert‐butoxycarbonyl amino methoxy group, forming the desired dipeptide without solvent at mild temperatures. Furthermore, the conversion of the carboxylic acid leaving the group to phenyl ester promotes peptide bond formation, and the reaction were applied to di, tri, and tetrapeptide bond formation in excellent yield without notable racemization at ambient temperature (up to >99 % yield and 99 : 1 dr). Finally, this study proposes this new production method to overcome the limited scale‐up production by reaction device scale: liquid phase biomimetic catalytic peptide flow synthesis utilizing a mild Brønsted acid.