bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The network of psychosocial health in middle-aged and older adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: de Feijter Maud , Kocevska Desana , Blanken Tessa F. , van der Velpen Isabelle F. , Ikram M. Arfan , Luik Annemarie I. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Psychosocial health problems, such as social isolation, loneliness, depression and anxiety, have gained attention during the COVID-19 pandemic and are commonly co-occurring. We investigated the network of psychosocial health constructs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This study included 4553 participants (mean age: 68.6 ± 11.2 years, 56% women) from the prospective Rotterdam Study, who filled out a questionnaire between April and July 2020, the time of the first COVID-19 wave in the Netherlands. Psychosocial health constructs included were depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale), anxiety symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale), loneliness (University of California, Los Angeles loneliness scale), social connectedness (five items) and pandemic-related worry (five items). We estimated mixed graphical models to assess the network of items of these constructs and whether age and sex affected the network structure.

Results
Within the network of psychosocial constructs, a higher depressive symptoms score was particularly associated with items of loneliness and social connectedness, whereas overall anxiety was particularly associated with items of pandemic-related worry. Between people from different sex and age, the network structure significantly altered.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that within the same network of psychosocial health constructs, depressive symptom score is particularly associated with loneliness and social connectedness, whereas anxiety symptom score is associated with pandemic-related worry during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Our results support that psychosocial constructs should be considered in conjunction with one another in prevention and treatment efforts in clinical care, and that these efforts need to be tailored to specific demographic groups.
Pyrocardan® interpositional arthroplasty for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis: a minimum four year follow-up
Authors: Smeraglia Francesco , Basso Morena Anna , Famiglietti Giulia , Cozzolino Andrea , Balato Giovanni , Bernasconi Alessio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Pyrocardan® (Wright Medical-Tornier) is a pyrocarbon implant proposed in the treatment of trapeziometacarpal joint (TMCJ) osteoarthritis. Our aim was to assess the clinical and radiographic results after Pyrocardan® arthroplasty at midterm follow-up.

Methods
In this prospective monocentric study, we enrolled 119 patients treated with Pyrocardan® for TMCJ osteoarthritis and followed up at a minimum of four years. The clinical outcome was assessed through the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, the Visual Analog Score (VAS) for pain and the Kapandji score collected pre-operatively, at three, six and 12 months, then yearly. Hand radiographs were taken before surgery, at three months and every year. Complications and re-operations were also recorded.

Results
The mean follow-up was 5.2 years (range, 4–9). DASH, VAS and Kapandji scores significantly improved at three (p < 0.001 in all cases) and six months (p < 0.001, p = 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively), remaining stable over time. The dislocation and subluxation rates were 3.3% (4 cases) and 16.8% (20 patients), respectively. The two year, four year and seven year survivorship of the implant was 99%, 98% and 95%, respectively.

Conclusion
Pyrocardan® arthroplasty provides a satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcome for treating TMCJ osteoarthritis, with a 97% survival rate at four years. We advocate comparative studies with more common techniques (i.e., trapeziectomy) to verify its cost-effectiveness.
Subcutaneous anterior pelvic bridge — an innovative technique for fixation of selective acetabular fracture: a case series and literature review
Authors: Chen Chien Han , Lien Fang Chieh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the study was to introduce an innovative technique involving the use of a subcutaneous anterior pelvic bridge (SAPB) in the treatment of selective acetabular fractures.

Methods
We performed a retrospective study of 21 patients with acetabular fracture who were treated with SAPB between January 2016 and March 2021. The patients’ data were retrieved from electronic charts. Radiological results were evaluated according to the Matta system to assess the quality of the reduction and time of union. Functional outcomes were assessed in line with the d’Aubigné and Postel scoring system. Post-operative complications were also recorded.

Results
SAPB required around 60 minutes, with minimal blood loss and short learning curve. Matta score revealed excellent radiological outcomes in seventeen displaced fractures with seven excellent outcomes and nine good outcomes. Functional outcomes were excellent in twelve hips, good in seven hips, and fair in two hips. Six patients had transient lateral femoral cutaneous nerve palsy.

Discussion
The innovative SAPB method for the treatment of selective acetabular fracture is proven to be a feasible method with promising outcomes. SAPB is a minimally invasive technique and strengthens the stability of fixation, with less blood loss and fewer intra-operative/post-operative complications.
Musculoskeletal pain trajectories of employees working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Oakman Jodi , Neupane Subas , Kyrönlahti Saila , Nygård Clas-Håkan , Lambert Katrina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a rapid public health response which included mandatory working from home (WFH) for many employees. This study aimed to identify different trajectories of multisite musculoskeletal pain (MSP) amongst employees WFH during the COVID-19 pandemic and examined the influence of work and non-work factors.

Methods
Data from 488 participants (113 males, 372 females and 3 other) involved in the Employees Working from Home (EWFH) study, collected in October 2020, April and November 2021 were analysed. Age was categorised as 18–35 years (n = 121), 36–55 years (n = 289) and 56 years and over (n = 78). Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify latent classes with different growth trajectories of MSP. Age, gender, working hours, domestic living arrangements, workstation comfort and location, and psychosocial working conditions were considered predictors of MSP. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression was used to identify work and non-work variables associated with group membership.

Results
Four trajectories of MSP emerged: high stable (36.5%), mid-decrease (29.7%), low stable (22.3%) and rapid increase (11.5%). Decreased workstation comfort (OR 1.98, CI 1.02, 3.85), quantitative demands (OR 1.68, CI 1.09, 2.58), and influence over work (OR 0.78, CI 0.54, 0.98) was associated with being in the high stable trajectory group compared to low stable. Workstation location (OR 3.86, CI 1.19, 12.52) and quantitative work demands (OR 1.44, CI 1.01, 2.47) was associated with the rapid increase group.

Conclusions
Findings from this study offer insights into considerations for reducing MSP in employees WFH. Key considerations include the need for a dedicated workstation, attention to workstation comfort, quantitative work demands, and ensuring employees have influence over their work.
Development of healthy lifestyle consciousness index for gynecological cancer patients
Authors: Higashiyama Nozomi , Yamaguchi Ken , Yamamoto Yosuke , Ueda Akihiko , Inayama Yoshihide , Egawa Miho , Yamanoi Koji , Taki Mana , Ukita Masayo , Hosoe Yuko , Horie Akihito , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Healthy lifestyle is related to quality of life (QOL) after cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, there are few reports on patients conscious of healthy lifestyle and patients requiring medical providers’ attention regarding healthy lifestyle. We aimed to develop a healthy lifestyle consciousness index (HLCI) for cancer patients and evaluated its validity in gynecological cancer patients.

Methods
The HLCI was designed to assess degree of healthy lifestyle consciousness, including items regarding “diet,” “exercise,” “body weight,” and “sleep.” Exploratory factor analysis was performed for dimensionality of the scale; Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess internal-consistency reliability. For criterion-based validity, we calculated proportions of stage III/IV gynecological malignancies in those with categorized HLCI scores based on tertiles. Concurrent validity was evaluated between HLCI and other quality of life (QOL) scales including European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 in limited patients.

Results
HLCI comprised five 10-point items (0–45); higher values implied improved healthy lifestyle consciousness. Data from 108 gynecological malignancy patients at Kyoto University Hospital were analyzed. The mean age of subjects was 55.8 years; 36.1% of them had uterine corpus cancer; 34.3% were at stage III/IV of gynecological malignancy. The factor analysis revealed HLCI was unidimensional; the reliability based on Cronbach’s alpha was satisfactory (0.88). The proportions of stage III/IV gynecological malignancies were 25.7%, 33.3%, and 44.4% in those with first (7–24 points), second (25–30 points), and third (31–46 points) tertiles of HLCI score, respectively. For patients with other QOL scales (n = 25), the mean scores of global health status of QLQ-C30 were 33.3, 50.0, and 83.3 for first, second, and third tertiles of HLCI score, respectively.

Conclusion
HLCI was successfully validated; thus, patients with advanced stages or higher QOL might have strong consciousness regarding healthy lifestyle. HLCI may be useful in precision care for improved lifestyles and QOL.
An optimized deep learning architecture for breast cancer diagnosis based on improved marine predators algorithm
Authors: Houssein Essam H. , Emam Marwa M. , Ali Abdelmgeid A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women; therefore, effective early detection of this cancer can reduce its mortality rate. Breast cancer detection and classification in the early phases of development may allow for optimal therapy. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have enhanced tumor detection and classification efficiency in medical imaging compared to traditional approaches. This paper proposes a novel classification model for breast cancer diagnosis based on a hybridized CNN and an improved optimization algorithm, along with transfer learning, to help radiologists detect abnormalities efficiently. The marine predators algorithm (MPA) is the optimization algorithm we used, and we improve it using the opposition-based learning strategy to cope with the implied weaknesses of the original MPA. The improved marine predators algorithm (IMPA) is used to find the best values for the hyperparameters of the CNN architecture. The proposed method uses a pretrained CNN model called ResNet50 (residual network). This model is hybridized with the IMPA algorithm, resulting in an architecture called IMPA-ResNet50. Our evaluation is performed on two mammographic datasets, the mammographic image analysis society (MIAS) and curated breast imaging subset of DDSM (CBIS-DDSM) datasets. The proposed model was compared with other state-of-the-art approaches. The obtained results showed that the proposed model outperforms the compared state-of-the-art approaches, which are beneficial to classification performance, achieving 98.32% accuracy, 98.56% sensitivity, and 98.68% specificity on the CBIS-DDSM dataset and 98.88% accuracy, 97.61% sensitivity, and 98.40% specificity on the MIAS dataset. To evaluate the performance of IMPA in finding the optimal values for the hyperparameters of ResNet50 architecture, it compared to four other optimization algorithms including gravitational search algorithm (GSA), Harris hawks optimization (HHO), whale optimization algorithm (WOA), and the original MPA algorithm. The counterparts algorithms are also hybrid with the ResNet50 architecture produce models named GSA-ResNet50, HHO-ResNet50, WOA-ResNet50, and MPA-ResNet50, respectively. The results indicated that the proposed IMPA-ResNet50 is achieved a better performance than other counterparts.
Hydrogeology of an urban weathered basement aquifer in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Nyenje Philip M. , Ocoromac Denis , Tumwesige Stephen , Ascott Matt J. , Sorensen James P. R. , Newell Andrew J. , Macdonald David M. J. , Gooddy Daren C. , Tindimugaya Callist , Kulabako Robinah N. , Lapworth Dan J. , Foppen Jan Willem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWeathered basement aquifers are vital sources of drinking water in Africa. In order to better understand their role in the urban water balance, in a weathered basement aquifer in Kampala, Uganda, this study installed a transect of monitoring piezometers, carried out spring flow and high-frequency groundwater level monitoring, slug tests and hydrochemical analyses, including stable isotopes and groundwater residence time indicators. Findings showed a typical weathered basement aquifer with a 20–50-m thickness. Groundwater recharge was 3–50 mm/year, occurring during sustained rainfall. Recharge to a deep groundwater system within the saprock was slow and prolonged, while recharge to the springs on the valley slopes was quick and episodic, responding rapidly to precipitation. Springs discharged shallow groundwater, mixed with wastewater infiltrating from onsite sanitation practices and contributions from the deeper aquifer and were characterised by low flow rates (< 0.001 m3/s), low pH (<5), high nitrate values (61–190 mg/L as NO3), and residence times of <30 years. The deeper groundwater system occurred in the saprolite/saprock, had low transmissivity (< 1 × 10−5 m2/s), lower nitrate values (<20 mg/L as NO3), pH 6–6.5 and longer residence times (40–60 years). Confined groundwater conditions in the valleys were created by the presence of clay-rich alluvium and gave rise to artesian conditions where groundwater had lower nitrate concentrations. The findings provide new insights into weathered basement aquifers in the urban tropics and show that small-scale abstractions are more sustainable in the deeper groundwater system in the valleys, where confined conditions are present.
Automatic robust Box–Cox and extended Yeo–Johnson transformations in regression
Authors: Riani Marco , Atkinson Anthony C. , Corbellini Aldo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paper introduces an automatic procedure for the parametric transformation of the response in regression models to approximate normality. We consider the Box–Cox transformation and its generalization to the extended Yeo–Johnson transformation which allows for both positive and negative responses. A simulation study illuminates the superior comparative properties of our automatic procedure for the Box–Cox transformation. The usefulness of our procedure is demonstrated on four sets of data, two including negative observations. An important theoretical development is an extension of the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) to the comparison of models following the deletion of observations, the number deleted here depending on the transformation parameter.
Uncovering the Complexity of Care Networks – Towards a Taxonomy of Collaboration Complexity in Homecare
Authors: Renyi Madeleine , Gaugisch Petra , Hunck Alexandra , Strunck Stefan , Kunze Christophe , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn homecare, networks are formed by professional, semiprofessional, and informal actors, who collaborate to care for people in need. Modern information and communication technology (ICT) might play an important role to enhance cooperation in homecare networks. Through infrastructuring work, the authors seek to build a comprehensive understanding of the types of collaboration complexity in homecare networks to determine if, when and which technologies are most suitable. This paper examines how homecare networks can be classified according to collaboration complexity. A four-stage research design was followed to develop a taxonomy for homecare collaboration. The taxonomy was applied to 21 care networks, and five types of homecare networks were identified. The taxonomy considers network, tasks, and communication particularities across 13 dimensions, each of which includes three characteristics. Three clusters were identified as more likely than the others to benefit from increased technology use. The taxonomy and archetypes highlight which homecare network types could benefit from increased technology use. Additionally, the taxonomy allows for an iterative re-evaluation of networks to initiate measures for improvement.
Improving usability of Electronic Health Records in a UK Mental Health setting: a feasibility study
Authors: Buivydaite Ruta , Reen Gurpreet , Kovalevica Tatjana , Dodd Harry , Hicks Ian , Vincent Charles , Maughan Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Electronic Health Records (EHRs) can help clinicians to plan, document and deliver care for patients in healthcare services. When used consistently, EHRs can advance patient safety and quality, and reduce clinician’s workload. However, usability problems can make it difficult for clinicians to use EHRs effectively, which can negatively impact both healthcare professionals and patients.

Objective
To improve usability of EHRs within a mental health service in the UK.

Methods
This was a feasibility study conducted with two mental health teams. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Focus group discussions with clinicians identified existing usability problems in EHRs and changes were made to address these problems. Updated EHR assessment forms were evaluated by comparing the following measures pre and post changes: (1) usability testing to monitor time spent completing and duplicating patient information in EHRs, (2) clinician’s experience of using EHRs, and (3) proportion of completed EHR assessment forms.

Results
Usability testing with clinicians (n = 3) showed that the time taken to complete EHR assessment forms and time spent duplicating patient information decreased. Clinician’s experience of completing EHR assessment forms also significantly improved post changes compared to baseline (n = 71; p < 0.005). There was a significant increase in completion of most EHR forms by both teams after EHR usability improvements (all at p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Usability improvements to EHRs can reduce the time taken to complete forms, advance clinician’s experience and increase usage of EHRs. It is important to engage healthcare professionals in the usability improvement process of EHRs in mental health services.
ß-Hydroxybutyrate Improves Mitochondrial Function After Transient Ischemia in the Mouse
Authors: Lehto Alina , Koch Konrad , Barnstorf-Brandes Johanna , Viel Christian , Fuchs Marius , Klein Jochen 
Published: June 2022

Abstractß-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body formed in high amounts during lipolysis and fasting. Ketone bodies and the ketogenic diet were suggested as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disease. In the present work, we induced transient ischemia in mouse brain by unilaterally occluding the middle cerebral artery for 90 min. BHB (30 mg/kg), given immediately after reperfusion, significantly improved the neurological score determined after 24 h. In isolated mitochondria from mouse brain, oxygen consumption by the complexes I, II and IV was reduced immediately after ischemia but recovered slowly over 1 week. The single acute BHB administration after reperfusion improved complex I and II activity after 24 h while no significant effects were seen at later time points. After 24 h, plasma and brain BHB concentrations were strongly increased while mitochondrial intermediates (citrate, succinate) were unchanged in brain tissue. Our data suggest that a single administration of BHB may improve mitochondrial respiration for 1–2 days but not for later time points. Endogenous BHB formation seems to complement the effects of exogenous BHB administration.
Cell wall integrity regulation across plant species
Authors: Baez Luis Alonso , Tichá Tereza , Hamann Thorsten 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlant cell walls are highly dynamic and chemically complex structures surrounding all plant cells. They provide structural support, protection from both abiotic and biotic stress as well as ensure containment of turgor. Recently evidence has accumulated that a dedicated mechanism exists in plants, which is monitoring the functional integrity of cell walls and initiates adaptive responses to maintain integrity in case it is impaired during growth, development or exposure to biotic and abiotic stress. The available evidence indicates that detection of impairment involves mechano-perception, while reactive oxygen species and phytohormone-based signaling processes play key roles in translating signals generated and regulating adaptive responses. More recently it has also become obvious that the mechanisms mediating cell wall integrity maintenance and pattern triggered immunity are interacting with each other to modulate the adaptive responses to biotic stress and cell wall integrity impairment. Here we will review initially our current knowledge regarding the mode of action of the maintenance mechanism, discuss mechanisms mediating responses to biotic stresses and highlight how both mechanisms may modulate adaptive responses. This first part will be focused on Arabidopsis thaliana since most of the relevant knowledge derives from this model organism. We will then proceed to provide perspective to what extent the relevant molecular mechanisms are conserved in other plant species and close by discussing current knowledge of the transcriptional machinery responsible for controlling the adaptive responses using selected examples.
Tender Shoots: a parent book-reading and reminiscing program to enhance children’s oral narrative skills
Authors: Reese Elaine , Barrett-Young Ashleigh , Gilkison Laura , Carroll Jane , Das Shika , Riordan Jessica , Schaughency Elizabeth 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTender Shoots is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) for parents aimed at improving preschool children’s oral language skills relevant for later reading. Parents of 72 preschool children (M = 50 months) were randomly assigned to either a Rich Reading and Reminiscing (RRR) condition, a Strengthening Sound Sensitivity (SSS) condition, or an Activity-Based Control (ABC) condition. RRR and SSS conditions involved dyads conversing about the same 12 books over 6 weeks, with RRR focused on the meaning of the story in relation to children’s own experiences, and SSS focused on soundplay. Children’s oral narrative skills were assessed with a story listening comprehension and retelling task before and one-year post-intervention. At the 1-year follow-up, children in RRR retold stories with greater accuracy (g = 0.61) and quality (g = 0.68) than did children in the control condition. Tender Shoots RRR is a promising tool for parents to help their children’s narrative production (retelling) skills.