bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detention Camps/ Centers as Haunted Spaces in Behrouz Bocchani’s No Friend But the Mountains
Authors: Naz Aneela 
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the political implications of the strategies of ‘hauntology’ committed against Asylum Seekers by Australian officers in Detention centers on Manus Islands in Behrouz Bocchani’s No Friend But the Mountains result in dehumanization of asylum seekers. My argument is premised on the haunting strategies of Australian state that aim to traumatize the asylum seekers to the extent that they turn out to be unrecognizable bodies. Drawing on Avery Gordon Theory of Hauntology, Kristeva’s concept of Abjection and Mary Ellen’s concept of Doppelganger, I will discuss the ways in which ‘horrific’ violence inflicted on Asylum seekers in detention centers not only erase their individuality but leave them as dirty and disgusted bodies. This study aims to highlight different aspects of “horror” and ‘abjection” articulated in the text through the vocabulary, incidents and landscape to present an alternative avenue of investigation of dehumanization in detention centers.
ASSOCIATION OF MATERNAL AND NEONATAL RISK FACTORS OF NEONATAL SEPSIS- A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY IN A NEONATOLOGY UNIT
Authors: Zahoor Farnaz , Parvaiz Hina 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE
To determine the association of maternal and neonatal risk factors of neonatal sepsis with culture-proven sepsis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
It is a cross-sectional study conducted in Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Neonatology Department Peshawar KPK. The study duration was 6 months, from 1st September 2022 to 28th February 2023. A sample size of 208 was taken. All the neonates admitted to the NICU with clinical signs and symptoms of sepsis were included in the study and later confirmed by positive blood cultures. The signs and symptoms include neonates with fever, lethargy, reluctance to feed, hypothermia, convulsions, grunting, jaundice, and abdominal distention. All neonates were enrolled in the study after approval of the Institutional Ethical Board. Informed consent was taken from parents.
RESULTS
The highest frequency of presenting complaints was reluctance to feed and lethargy 19.7% of newborns had died because of sepsis. 79.3% of sepsis was seen in preterm. The mean age at admission was(N=208) 4.1 days ±5.1 SD, and the mean weight was 2.96 kg±0.68 SD. The clinical characteristics of neonates with neonatal sepsis 75% were reluctant to feed, 15.9% had convulsions, 26% had severe jaundice, and 73.6% were sedentary. 20.7% had a preterm birth, while 35.6% weighed less than 1.5kg with an APGAR score of less than 7 in 77.4% of neonates. The mean days of treatment in the NICU were 9.0 days ±8.44 SD. Males were predominantly affected, with a frequency of 71.2%, and females 28.8%. Among the different risk factors like crowded family, place of delivery, gestational age at birth, and birth asphyxia, birth asphyxia had a significant relationship with neonatal sepsis.
CONCLUSION
Neonatal sepsis remains the leading cause of neonatal mortality. Our study established that both neonatal and maternal risk factors play a pivotal role in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, with a strong impact on maternal antenatal care as well.
KEYWORDS: Neonatal Sepsis, Culture-Proven Sepsis, Neonatology
RISK FACTORS FOR SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Rehan Muhammad , Talat Nabila , Abdullah Farooq , Mirza Bilal , Ameer Asad 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of surgical site infections (SSI) after laparotomies in the pediatric population and associated factors at Children's Hospital Lahore, Pakistan.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Child Health Sciences Lahore, from February 2021 to January 2022, in which 156 children were admitted to the hospital. Fifty-two participants were separated into three subgroups based on the duration of the operation. SPSS 25 was used to investigate the associations between different variables using Chi-square tests. Data were recorded into a prepared proforma.
RESULTS: Out of 156 patients, 105 (67.3%) were male and 51 (32.7%) were female, with a mean age of 44.85 ±41.3 months. Both elective and emergency abdominal laparotomy patients were included in the study. Among them, 62.2% (97 cases) of surgical procedures were elective, while 37.8 % (59 cases) were emergency procedures. According to the type of the wound, 32.1 % of all surgeries were classified as clean, while 67.9 % were classified as clean-contaminated. Surgical site infection was diagnosed in 16 children, giving an incidence rate of 10.3%.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed that by reducing the average operating time to less than two hours, shortening hospital stays, providing more focused post-operative care for wounds, using drains more selectively, and correcting hemoglobin levels, we can reduce the SSI rate to a more acceptable level.
Key Words: Surgical site infections, Wound infection, Prophylactic antibiotic, Emergency laparotomies, Operative time
LIPID ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH HbA1c LEVELS
Authors: Khan Zahidullah , Khan Inamullah , Haroon Mohammad , Badshah Aliena , Wazir Muhammad Zahid , Ullah Irfan 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: To determine the lipid abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate these to HbA1c levels.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, for six months (from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2021). The sample size calculated was 174 using the WHO software for sample size. A non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used for sample collection. All patients of both genders with established diagnoses of type 2 diabetes mellitus or newly diagnosed diabetic population who were over the age of 20 years were included in the study. Patients on lipid-lowering agents with chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, or congestive heart failure, pregnant women, and hypothyroid patients were excluded from the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.
RESULTS: The mean age of the study sample was 50 ± 10.9 SD years. Eight-five (42.6%) were male and 115 (57.4%) were female. The mean age of males was 51.7 ± 9.8SD years and females was 48.6 ± 11.5SD years. The mean serum total cholesterol (TC) level was 183.7±51.6, the mean triglycerides (TG) level was 236.5±119SD, the mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level was 116±44.6SD, and the mean high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was 38.5±9.2SD. The mean HbA1c level was 8.8±2.1SD. Mean HbA1c in both male and female populations was the same. HbA1c has a non-significant correlation with the gender of the population (P value >0.05)
CONCLUSION: Gender-based differences in lipid levels were not statistically significant. Poorly controlled diabetes was associated with elevated lipid levels, but the differences were not significant. Notably, HbA1c was more closely linked to low BMI. The study found no significant correlations between HbA1c and BMI with lipid levels, while age was weakly correlated with serum cholesterol and LDL-C.
KEYWORDS: Hyperglycemia, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, HbA1c level, lipid Profile, Body mass index
The Role of Dialect in the Reeve’s Prologue and Tale
Authors: Farrell Thomas J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Because discussion of dialect in the speech of Aleyn and John in the Reeve’s Tale has always focused on its Northern character, attention to other dialect forms in the tale has unfortunately also sought to locate them geographically, namely in the Reeve’s Norfolk home. But examples of the first-person pronoun ik, the &lt;e&gt; reflex of Old English /y/, and the uninflected genitive resist that tendency in two ways: both their appearances in the complete textual record and their frequent, unexplained absences from it argue against any hypothesis of a consistent geographical significance, and their surprisingly widespread diffusion in the language of both narration and various characters requires understanding their significance in other terms. An editorial approach much more open to readings outside the Hengwrt-Ellesmere nexus allows for a fuller appreciation of the tale.
When the “Other” Shares Your Faith: The Case of Sicily and al-Andalus in Ibn Ḥawqal’s Kitāb ṣūrat al-arḍ with a New Translation
Authors: Grasso Valentina A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
“No doctrine is comparable in any other country, and no heresy nor belief in any other religion.” According to Ibn Ḥawqal (d. after 978), an Arab geographer raised in Iraq, the inhabitants of tenth-century Sicily are among the most vain, most ignorant, and most xenophobic people on earth. This article explores the articulation of otherness in the Kitāb ṣūrat al-arḍ, a text Ibn Ḥawqal wrote after his sojourn on the island in 973, which is here included in a new English translation. The geographer’s description of Sicily is embedded in a moralizing discourse that veers toward grotesque. His rejection of Sicily’s distance from the paradigm of a “good” Muslim country upholds the island’s “untranslatability” as an unforgivable weakness and a sign of moral degradation. Nonetheless, his account of Palermo and its surroundings provides crucial historical information on the island’s economic and geopolitical situation. Moreover, it offers an enlightening account for the study of interfaith dialogue, “otherness,” and “Islamization.” Accordingly, this article features the first English translation of the section on al-Andalus as it is crucial to evaluate Ibn Ḥawqal’s critique of Sicily, as both Mediterranean territories were conquered by the Muslims not long before Ibn Hawqal’s travels.
The Politics of Exclusion and Inclusive Recognition: Unveiling Social and Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Nwosimiri Ovett 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The subject of personhood has received substantial discussion in contemporary African philosophy where communitarianism happens to be the dominant approach. In his new book Menkiti’s Moral Man, Oritsegbubemi Anthony Oyowe enters this discussion as a repentant critic of Ifeanyi Menkiti’s version of communitarianism, the plausibility of which he attempts to defend with compelling arguments and interpretations. In this book, especially in chapter 4, Oyowe addresses the subject of women’s social recognition and inclusion in the African community. In view of this, this article extends the discussion of the subject of social recognition and inclusion to the LGBTQ+ people. Therefore, this article critically engages the place of LGBTQ+ people in the contemporary African community and argues for their inclusive recognition. The article contends that the nonrecognition and exclusion of LGBTQ+ people within the African community constitute a social and epistemic injustice. The article also argues that, since, like other recognized community members, LGBTQ+ people duly discharge familial and communal obligations, display good conduct in the community, and share in the responsibility to respect nonpersons, humans, and nonhumans alike, they deserve social recognition.
Communal Social Architecture, Individual Capacities, and Menkiti’s Personhood
Authors: Ikuenobe Polycarp 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article examines two issues raised and addressed by Oyowe in his book, Menkiti’s Moral Man. The first involves two of Oyowe’s criticisms of Menkiti: One criticism is that his conception of personhood is unfairly gendered; the other is that Menkiti’s view involves the priority of the community over individuals. The second issue involves Oyowe’s criticisms of Ikuenobe’s analysis of some aspects of Menkiti’s view in the context of the above criticisms. Oyowe indicates that, although he is “a repentant critic” of Menkiti, he does “not deny the merits of these criticisms.” On page 15, He indicates that he is “convinced that there are resources in Menkiti’s general account for tackling them [criticisms].” This article highlights how his criticisms of Ikuenobe indicate his failure to appreciate fully the relevant robust resources in Menkiti for addressing these criticisms that Ikuenobe’s analysis highlights.
Territorialidad y emprendimiento: estrategias para el desarrollo local
Authors: Reynado Rivas Maynor Guillermo 
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio analiza la relación entre territorialidad y emprendimiento para proponer estrategias que impulsen el desarrollo local en el municipio de Santa Tecla. El objetivo principal es identificar las características clave de los emprendedores locales y sus negocios, con un enfoque en la sostenibilidad, la articulación entre actores locales y la creación de un entorno favorable para el emprendimiento. La investigación utiliza una metodología mixta. Por un lado, se aplicó una encuesta a 46 emprendedores de zonas urbanas y rurales para obtener datos cuantitativos sobre sus perfiles, tipos de emprendimientos, y condiciones económicas. Por otro lado, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con actores locales clave para comprender el apoyo institucional al emprendimiento. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los emprendedores provienen de la zona urbana y se dedican principalmente a la comercialización de alimentos y bebidas. Los negocios más rentables se concentran en el Parque El Principito y el Paseo El Carmen. Además, se identifican los factores que contribuyen al éxito o fracaso de los emprendimientos, destacándose la importancia del acceso a financiamiento y la elección de espacios de comercialización. Finalmente, se concluye que el desarrollo local en Santa Tecla puede fortalecerse mediante la promoción de la autonomía emprendedora, la sostenibilidad de los negocios, y una mayor articulación entre emprendedores e instituciones locales. Se proponen estrategias específicas, como el uso de redes sociales y la optimización de espacios comerciales, para potenciar el éxito de los emprendimientos.
Эстетика как практика равенства
Authors: Аронсон О. 
Published: January 2025

В статье делается попытка прочертить путь развития эстетики как философской дисциплины от ориентации на чувственное познание к современной художественной практике, выступающей в качестве интеллектуальной критики общества. В таком виде эстетика становится практикой равенства, что уловил еще Кант в своей антиномии вкуса, обнаружив в нем момент «общего чувства» (sensus communis), не сводимого ни к какому индивидуальному проявлению чувственности. Когда sensus communis вводится как основной принцип эстетики равенства, то место философских понятий занимают аффективные образы, воздействующие на публику, и теряется различие между искушенным и наивным восприятием. Подобно революционному энтузиазму масс, это образыдействия, трансверсальные сложившимся институтам, в том числе институтам демократическим, утверждающим равенство как одну из ценностей. Но равенство — не ценность, а именно практический принцип, который, чтобы стать принципом мышления, должен освоить критический потенциал искусства.
The article makes an attempt to trace the path of development of aesthetics as a philosophical discipline from its orientation on sensual cognition to contemporary artistic intellectual critique of society. In this form, aesthetics becomes a practice of equality, a fact which Kant already grasped in his antinomy of taste, discovering in it a moment of sensus communis which is not reducible to any individual manifestation of sensuality. When the sensus communis is introduced as the basic principle of the aesthetics of equality, affective images take the place of philosophical concepts, affecting the public, and the distinction between sophisticated and naïve perception is lost. Like the revolutionary enthusiasm of the masses, these are action-images, transversal to established institutions, including democratic institutions that affirm equality as a value. But equality is not a value; it is a practical principle that needs to master the critical potential of art in order to become a principle of thinking.
Фермата
Authors: Оносов И. 
Published: January 2025

Стихотворения Михаила Ерёмина часто написаны таким языком, что для их чтения требуется словарь или специальные знания, на которых и строится анализ. Однако и без словаря, в силу своей полисемии, ассоциативной составляющей и/или отсылок к другим его стихотворениям, слова, наряду с другими особенностями идиостиля Ерёмина (жесткостью выбранной формы, вопросительными конструкциями, бессубъектными предложениями, инфинитивами, употреблением частицы «ли»), заставляют стихотворение работать некоторым — предусмотренным автором или нет — образом. Особый вклад вносит финал стихотворения, который, хотя формально и завершает чтение, создает условия для того, чтобы продолжало звучать либо оно само (на этот раз по-другому), либо обозначенная в нем тема или ситуация. Для описания этого эффекта выбрана фигура ферматы — знак в нотном письме, предписывающий исполнителю увеличить длительность ноты по своему усмотрению (часто до растворения звука).
Poems of Mikhail Yeryomin are often written in language that requires a dictionary or special knowledge which serve as a starting point for the analysis. Yet even without a dictionary, words in Yeryomin’s poems (owing to the polysemy, to the associations that they cause, and/or to the references to other poems) as well as other peculiarities of his idiostyle (the rigidity of the chosen form, his predilection for interrogative constructions, for sentences without lyrical subjects, for infinitives and the conjunction “whether”) make his poems work in a certain way, either premeditated by their author or not. Endings of his poems contribute especially: even though they conclude the reading per se, they create conditions that make a poem keep ringing (this time in a different way) or prolong an aforementioned theme or a situation. This effect is described by the figure of fermata, a musical symbol that extends the duration of a sound based on the performer’s wishes (often until a sound dissipates completely).
Экфрасисы и интермедиальность в поэтике Михаила Ерёмина
Authors: Цибуля А. 
Published: January 2025

Михаил Ерёмин экспериментирует с жанром экфрасиса, внедряет в поэтическую ткань рисуночное письмо, включает в произведения элементы морского языка, используемого на флоте, тем самым двигаясь в сторону постмедиальности. В 2010-е годы Ерёмин предваряет свои стихотворения интермедиальными эпиграфами. Этот жест автора является новаторским приемом в российском контексте и не дублирует существовавшие ранее практики футуристов, трансфуристов и концептуалистов. Применение интермедиальных эпиграфов продолжает эксперимент Ерёмина по созданию многоязычного поэтического произведения и универсального поэтического языка.
Mikhail Yeryomin experiments in the genre of ekphrasis, he integrates picture writing into the tissue of a poem, he engages names of maritime signal flags used to communicate with ships, and hence he converts his poems to the post-medium condition. In 2010s, Yeryomin prefaces his poems with the intermedia epigraphs. This author’s gesture is an innovative method in the Russian context and doesn’t copy the previously existing artistical devices by futurists, transfurists, and conceptualists. Using of the intermedia epigraphs is the expansion of the Yeryomin’s experiment aimed at creating polylingual poetical works and universal poetic language.
От Союза Советских Республик к Союзу советских писателей: институциональные коллизии производства пролетарской литературы 1920—1930-х годов
Authors: Московская Д. 
Published: January 2025

Образование Союза советских писателей произошло спустя двенадцать лет после создания Союза Советских Республик, что было обусловлено не прекратившейся в годы нэпа и первой пятилетки классовой борьбой в поле культуры. Победивший класс оставался культурно неразвитым и не мог претендовать на гегемонию в литературном процессе. Попытка объединения социально разных писательских групп пришлась на 1927 год, когда была образована Федерация объединений советских писателей. Начиная с 1924 года по 1928 год Всероссийская ассоциация также пытается объединить пролетарские республиканские ассоциации под своей эгидой. И хотя формально в 1928 году ее усилия увенчались успехом и была создана Всесоюзная ассоциация, этот результат не был нужен ЦК. Причины такой незаинтересованности коренятся в запросе на новую гетерономность литературного поля, появившуюся в годы первой пятилетки, достижение которой стало возможно после роспуска всех литературных группировок и создания в 1934 году по указке партии Союза советских писателей.
The formation of the Union of Soviet Writers took place twelve years after the Union of Soviet Republics, which was due to the class struggle in the field of culture that had not ceased during the years of the NEP and the first Five Year Plan. The victorious class remained culturally underdeveloped and could not lay claim to hegemony in the literary process. An attempt to unite the socially diverse writer’s groups was made in 1927, when the Federation of Soviet Writers’ Associations was formed. From 1924 to 1928, the All-Russian Association attempted to unite proletarian republican associations under its aegis. Although formally these efforts succeeded in 1928 and the All-Union Association was established, this result was not needed by the Central Committee. The reasons for this lack of interest were rooted in the demand for a new heteronomy of the literary field, which emerged during the years of the first Five Year Plan, the achievement of which became possible after the dissolution of all literary groupings and the creation, at the behest of the Party, of the Union of Soviet Writers in 1934.
Писательская бригада в Туркменистане 1930-х годов: от путешествия к производству литературы
Authors: Бурцева А. 
Published: January 2025

В 1930-е годы формой коллективного литературного производства в СССР стали бригадные поездки. Поездка в Туркменистан — один из случаев, когда советская литературная политика находилась в сложных отношениях с национальной. Публикации в местной прессе позволяют выявить, как воспринимались подобные проекты и какие задачи перед ними ставились. Производство литературного материала в этом случае предполагает следование интересам московского центра, однако значимой оказывается и роль периферии. Производство литературы о периферии и литературы на периферии предполагает не зависимые, а скорее двусторонние отношения, а коллективный творческий результат становится их частью.
In the 1930s, brigade journeys were a form of collective literary production in USSR. A journey to Turkmenistan is one of the cases when literary policy was complexly connected with national policy. Publications in local press provide information on the reception of such projects and their goals. The production of literary material suggests in this case following the interests of the center, but the periphery also presents itself. The production of literature about periphery and literature in the periphery is mediated not only by dependent relationship, but also mutual, and the collective result is a part of this process.