bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-Scale Study of the High-Steep Reservoir Banks under Different Mechanical States
Authors: Zou Yulin , Zhang Wengang , Wang Luqi , Gao Xuecheng , Lu Wang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe deformation of high-steep rocky banks is caused by the self-weight of overlying rock mass and the fluctuation of reservoir water. In this paper, the newly developed testing equipment and the particle flow code (PFC) were used to complete the cross-scale study of the high-steep rocky banks under different mechanical states. The test conditions involved the dry state, saturated state, and hydraulic coupling states under different confining pressures. Combined with the micrographs of the fractured surface under different mechanical states, it can be found that the participation of the water could reduce the bond contact and accelerate the deformation of the particles, ultimately leading to an increase in the plastic deformation and a decrease in the peak strength of the rock mass. Compared to the saturated state, the water in the hydraulic coupling state was not transferred though the storage space was compressed; thus, the water pressure would further promote the extension of the microcracks. When considering the fluctuations of the reservoir water, the changes in the mechanical state may accelerate the degradation rate of the rock mass. The related methods can provide data support and a theoretical basis to the evolution trend of high-steep rocky reservoir banks.
Electron Backscatter Diffraction Study of Ultrahigh-Pressure Tso Morari Eclogites (Trans-Himalayan Collisional Zone): Implications for Strain Regime Transition from Constrictional to Plane Strain during Exhumation
Authors: Dey Alosree , Sen Koushik , Mamtani Manish A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Tso Morari Crystalline Complex (TMCC) of trans-Himalaya (eastern Ladakh, India) contains enclaves of ultrahigh-pressure eclogites that underwent deep burial (≥80 km) and subsequent rapid exhumation during continental subduction, collision, and final accretion of the Indian plate with the Eurasian plate. We present an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study of eight eclogite samples to investigate the deformation mechanism and strain regimes active during peak (HP) metamorphism and subsequent postpeak rapid exhumation of the TMCC. Our study shows that the least retrogressed eclogite exhibits strong linear fabric (L tectonite) characterized by omphacite, having [001] axes parallel to and (110) poles perpendicular to lineation. These features concur with constrictional strain during peak (HP) metamorphism. A transitional planolinear fabric (LS tectonite) is shown by other eclogites that show petrographic evidence of omphacite alteration to amphibole and the presence of lower metamorphic grade minerals like actinolite and chlorite. Characteristics of lattice preferred orientation (LPO) of omphacite and quartz, indicated, respectively, by the LS and B indices, also suggest variation in strain regime from pristine eclogites to their altered counterparts. Based on these results, it is suggested that a constrictional strain regime prevailed during peak (HP) metamorphism in the TMCC due to the buoyant rise of TMCC in response to slab break-off and reverse slab pull during and after the deepest continental subduction. This buoyant rise was also facilitated by compression related to the ongoing India-Eurasia collision. This regime evolved later to plane strain that was superimposed on the UHP rocks at a shallower depth. It is plausibly associated with foliation-parallel extension during exhumation at midcrustal depths. A high-temperature prism c-slip in quartz shown by few samples is interpreted to have formed due to a subsequent granulite facies metamorphic overprint on the eclogite during collisional thickening.
Compositional Analysis of Conventional and Unconventional Permian Basin-Produced Waters: A Simple Tool for Predicting Major Ion Composition
Authors: Ogbuji Bibian , Nnanna A. G. Agwu , Engle Mark , Amesquita Raiel 
Published: March 2022

Summary
Treatment methods for produced water (PW) are significantly affected by a high concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS), a summation of dissolved organic and inorganic compositions. Understanding the constituents of TDS to eliminate or prevent chemical reactions is critical in the design optimization of the treatment processes. In this paper, two PW geochemical data sets generated from conventional and unconventional reservoirs in the Permian Basin were analyzed to correlate constituents with TDS. Compositional data sets from over 115,000 PW samples originally reported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and 45 oil and gas operations were analyzed. Data preprocessing, culling, systematized- and meta-analysis, and statistical techniques were adapted to associate the data. Subcompositional geochemical data were transformed into isometric log ratios and are presented in bivariate and multivariate plots.
Results indicate that Na+ and Ca2+ were the dominant cations and Cl− was the dominant anion. No observable trend differences in the Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg+, and SO42− concentrations between PW from conventional and unconventional wells were registered. Variations in the isometric log ratio of Na/Cl and Ca/SO4 with TDS revealed that Na/Cl was nearly constant over the range of TDS, suggesting mineral buffering or a lack of significant water/rock reactions involving Na and Cl, and that Ca/SO4 increased with TDS, indicating that low-salinity fluids may have dissolved anhydrite producing a value near zero, with Ca gain and/or SO4 loss with increasing salinity. In all 10 counties and 8 formations investigated in this work, the ln (Ca/SO4) denotes Ca gain/SO4 loss relative to their composition in anhydrite or Permian seawater. Likely mechanisms leading to elevated ln (Ca/SO4) include sulfate reduction, dolomitization of calcite, Na/Ca cation exchange, albitization, and anhydrite precipitation from Ca-rich fluids. Results from this work are important as it is revealed that Ca/SO4 and Na/Cl can potentially be predicted from PW TDS concentrations. This information was combined to create a reservoir or location-specific model to estimate Na, Cl, Ca, and SO4 concentrations in Permian Basin PW, a powerful tool to improve treatment and reuse options in areas with few direct data.
AR cooperates with SMAD4 to maintain skeletal muscle homeostasis
Authors: Rinaldi Carlo , Forouhan Mitra , Lim Wooi , Zanetti-Domingues Laura , Tynan Christopher , Roberts Thomas , Malik Bilal , Manzano Raquel , Speciale Alfina , Ellerington Ruth , Garcia-Guerra Antonio , Fratta Pietro , Soraru Gianni , Greensmith Linda , Pennuto Maria , Wood Matthew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Androgens and androgen-related molecules exert a plethora of functions across different tissues, mainly through binding to the transcription factor Androgen Receptor (AR). Despite widespread therapeutic use and misuse of androgens as potent anabolic agents, the molecular mechanisms of this effect on skeletal muscle are currently unknown. Muscle mass in adulthood is mainly regulated by the BMP axis of the TGFβ pathway via SMAD4 recruitment. Here we show that, upon activation, AR forms a transcriptional complex with SMAD4 to orchestrate a muscle hypertrophy programme by modulating SMAD4 chromatin binding dynamics and enhancing its transactivation activity. We challenged this mechanism of action using spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) as a model of study. This adult-onset neuromuscular disease is caused by a polyglutamine expansion (polyQ) in AR and is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy secondary to a combination of lower motor neuron degeneration and primary muscle atrophy. Here we found that the presence of an elongated polyQ tract impairs AR cooperativity with SMAD4, leading to an inability to mount an effective anti-atrophy gene expression programme in skeletal muscle in response to denervation. Furthermore, AAV9-mediated muscle-restricted delivery of BMP7 is able to rescue the muscle atrophy in SBMA mice, supporting the development of treatments able to fine-tune AR-SMAD4 transcriptional cooperativity as a promising target for SBMA and other conditions associated with muscle loss.
Localisation of the ilioischial line on axial computed tomography images for pre-operative planning of total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Kato Michitaka , Warashina Hideki , Kataoka Akito , Ando Takanori , Mitamura Shingo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The ilioischial line can be an important landmark in determining cup offset in two-dimensional preoperative planning for total hip arthroplasty by identifying the bony region showing the ilioischial line on axial computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to validate the hypothesis that the ilioischial line is located in the bony region where the X-ray beamline to the ilioischial line (line α) is tangent to the medial acetabular cortical bone with a maximum overlap in axial CT images.Methods: Equidistance of the following two measures would prove the validity of our hypothesis: (A) distance between the ilioischial line and the metal cup, measured at the level of the hip center on pelvic radiographs, multiplied by 0.9 to correct for the magnification of the radiograph and (B) distance between the metal cup and line α, which is tangent to the medial acetabular wall with maximum overlap, in the axial CT image at the level of the hip joint center. These two distances were measured for 51 hip joints.Results: The average distance A was 4.5±2 mm, and the average distance B was 4.7±2.1 mm. The difference between distances A and B was 0.2±0.2 (range, 0–2.6) mm. In >90% of the cases, the cortical bone area of the inner acetabular wall, indicating the location of the ilioischial line, was located posteriorly.Conclusions: The ilioischial line is located in the bony region where line α intersects with the acetabular medial wall with maximum overlap on axial CT images.
Dynamic matrix theory for resonance response of plasmonic metamaterial lattice
Authors: Liu Wanguo , Li Xinfei , Liu Beiyun , Hu Hai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The near-field resonance response of a plasmonic metamaterial lattice under an oblique incident field is theoretically investigated via applying the first-proposed M-K dynamic matrix method. By considering the electric, magnetic and field-dipole interactions, we construct a dissipative many-body Lagrange model for a reference lattice. A collective forced vibration equation, with the degree of freedom equals to the number of nanoparticles in a cell, is introduced to describe the lattice resonance under a polarized field. The resonance frequencies can be conveniently obtained from the poles of transfer function matrix. Based on this elegant matrix differential equation, one can calculate the dynamic response of plasmonic lattice and analysis the normal modes from dispersion relations. The feasibility of this method is shown in details from three examples: simple square lattice, binary chain and chessboard lattice. Reasonable and significant results show that M-K matrix method is highly universal in a large frequency band and perfectly matched with numerical simulations. It proves to be a powerful tool in treating resonance problem of metallic nanoparticle lattice.
Design and Synthesis of Waterborne Light-Responsive Cellulose Nanocrystal/Fluorinated Polyacrylate Films toward Oil/Water Repellent and Self-healing Properties
Authors: Zhou Jianhua , Wang Xueli , Li Xiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The development of environmentally friendly waterborne polymeric materials is becoming critical today. In this study, a kind of self-healing cellulose nanocrystal/fluorinated polyacrylate based on the reversible photo-induced dimerization of coumarin groups was prepared via RAFT-mediated Pickering emulsion polymerization using cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) particles modified with light-responsive amphiphilic copolymers as Pickering stabilizers. Emulsion polymerization and latex film properties were significantly varied in dependence on the amount of 7-(2-methacryloyloxyethoxy)-4-methylcoumarin (CMA) monomer. Both the water and oil resistance and mechanical properties of the latex film were dynamic in response to UV light. The maximum water contact angle and oil contact angle increased by 6.1° and 2.3°on the irradiation of UV light at 365 nm, respectively. The tensile strength of latex film increased initially with increasing amount of CMA increased, from 0 up to 4 wt%, and then decreased. The maximum tensile value increased from 3.0 MPa to 6.4 MPa after the dimerization reaction activated by 365 nm UV light. Results from atomic force microscope (AFM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) revealed that latex film possessed a roughness structure and the fluorine had a remarkable enrichment on the film-air interface. Moreover, latex films showed an excellent surface scratch self-healing ability owing to the reversible dimerization reaction of the coumarin groups, and the reversible dimerization reaction of coumarin groups within cellulose nanocrystal/fluorinated polyacrylate polymer was extensively investigated via ATR-FTIR spectrometer and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The fruitful outcomes indicated that light-responsive cellulose nanocrystal/fluorinated polyacrylate exhibited a greatly potential application as a smart material.
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Percutaneous Renal Biopsy: Study Protocol for a Prospective Randomized Trial
Authors: Yahata Kensei , Yoshimoto Akihiro , Kinoshita Chiharu , Seta Koichi , Tsukamoto Tatsuo , Yanagita Motoko , Hata Hiroaki , Sakane Naoki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
• Background: The major complication of renal biopsy is bleeding. Infection is an extremely rare complication of percutaneous renal biopsy, providing sterile techniques are used and bowel perforation does not occur. However, the questionnaire included in the Kidney Biopsy Guidebook 2020 in Japan reported that antibiotic prophylaxis was administered to patients undergoing percutaneous renal biopsy at 61% of 170 adult institutions and 57% of 54 pediatric institutions. The objective of this study is to show the non-inferiority of not administering prophylactic antibiotics for percutaneous renal biopsy.• Methods: Patients aged ≥15 years who are scheduled to undergo percutaneous renal biopsy are eligible for inclusion in the study. Three hundred and sixty-four patients will be recruited at 6 hospitals. The patients will be randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio to receive either a single dose of intravenous cefazolin (1 g) or no prophylactic antibiotics. The primary outcome is the number of patients that exhibit positive urine cultures (>105 colony-forming units/ml) 3 or 4 days after the renal biopsy, at which point the patients are diagnosed with pyelonephritis until 3 or 4 days after the renal biopsy. The secondary outcomes are the number of patients who are diagnosed with pyelonephritis within 30 days after the renal biopsy, the number of patients who are diagnosed with puncture site infections within 30 days after the renal biopsy, the number of patients who are diagnosed with an infection other than pyelonephritis or a puncture site infection within 30 days after the renal biopsy, and the number of patients who experience cefazolin-induced side effects.• Discussion: This randomized controlled trial aims to show the non-inferiority of not administering prophylactic antibiotics for percutaneous renal biopsy. If this study shows that antibiotic prophylaxis is not needed, it would help to ensure patient safety and prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.• Trial registration: UMIN000042378 [UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR)] http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr [Registered on 7/Nov/2020]
Re-visiting of Lactate Dehydrogenase From a Different Dimension: a Model Bioinformatics Study for Wrestling
Authors: Çavaş Levent , Daglioglu Onder , Cavas Bulent 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sports informatics is of great importance in the understanding of sportive performance from different dimensions. Accumulated bio-sequences in the databases provide big contributions to compare proteins in different organisms. In Phylum Animalia, some animals have experienced evolution for excellent athletic performances in nature. The present paper exhibits a model in silico approach for evaluation of sports performance by comparing lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) in Homo sapiens and Crocodylus porosus. The results show that although a high sequence similarity is observed between the LDHs from H.sapiens and C.porosus, these enzymes also present important modifications which could be used in sport science such as talent selection in wrestling. In conclusion, the identification of amino acid modifications in important enzymes of specific animals, lessons from nature, related to sports physiology can open a new gate for the development of athletic performance.
Diarrheal Morbidity and Associated Factors among Under-Five Children in Southwest Ethiopia. Institution based cross-sectional study
Authors: Angasu Kebenesa , Dame Kenenisa Tadesse , Negash Abiyot 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In opposite to progressing to achieve target 3.2 of Sustainable Development Goals, which is ending preventable deaths of neonates and under-five years child by 2030, diarrheal disease continued to be the major cause of child mortality in developing countries including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of diarrheal morbidity and associated factors among under-five children in southwest Ethiopia. Methodology: An institution-based cross sectional study was conducted among 2233 under-five children at three randomly selected public hospitals of southwest Ethiopia from March 1 to November 21, 2021. Data were collected from mothers/guardians of the index children selected by systematic random sampling using structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Data entered by Epi_data v.4.2 were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. P-value <0.05 and 95% confidence-interval (CI) was used to ascertain statistical significance. Results were presented by tables and text. Result: This study had a response rate of 90.9%. The two-week prevalence of diarrhea among the under-five children was 701(34.53%). The factors associated with it were being female (AOR 0.26; 95%CI=.172-.4), age 12-23 months (AOR 4.37; 95%CI=2.32-8.24), mothers or guardian with no formal education (AOR 3.55; 95%CI=1.97-6.4), being urban resident (AOR 0.48; 95%CI=0.28-0.84), being 1st born (AOR .08; 95%CI=.03-.26), frequent hand washing (AOR .58; 95%CI=.26-.66), washing child utensils by cool-water & soap (AOR 2.8; 95%CI=2.12-3.57), unprotected water (AOR 3.6; 95%CI=2.13-6.13), having latrine (AOR .03; 95%CI=.02-.05), replacing water in storage daily (AOR .02; 95%CI=.004-.05), and child-self feeding (AOR 2.4; 95%CI=1.57-3.74).Conclusion: The prevalence of diarrheal morbidity among under-five children in southwest Ethiopia is unacceptably high. Accordingly, to reduce the morbidity, it is urgent that the parents, health extension workers, the zonal health departments, and all concerned bodies should struggle their best to strengthen the practices of diarrhea preventive methods and to avoid the risk factors.
A Shotgun Metagenomic Mining Approach of Human Semen Microbiome
Authors: Aderaldo Janaina , Teixeira Diego Teixeira , Torres Mychelle Garcia , Albuquerque Beatriz , Oliveira Maryana , Soares Paulo Eduardo , Agnez-Lima Lucymara , Timoteo Ana Rafaela , Silva-Portela Rita , Lanza Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The testicular environment is immunoprivileged to protect germ cells from autoimmune and anti-inflammatory activities, but, on the other hand, it is susceptible to pathogens. Until now, the works that investigated the microbiological diversity in this environment were restricted to analyzing specific bacteria or viral communities. In this study, we evaluated the diversity in the seminal human microbiome using a whole-genome sequencing approach in a seminal human pool. For this, we collected 50 samples donated by participants from a public reproductive health service in Brazil. We observed a high proportion of the Bacteria domain (71.3%), whose largest groups are Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Mycobacterium, and Streptococcus. The Eukaryotic domain (27.6%) comprises Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, and Trichinella. Viruses (1.1%) are composed of Gammaretrovirus, Herv-K, and Herv-W. These findings expand the current view of microbial diversity in human semen and point out that evaluating uncultivated pathogens could be crucial before concluding reproductive and prophylactic treatments. In addition, the Herv families identified in seminal samples deserve studies with a functional and evolutionary perspective. These data contribute to identifying potential pathogens present in the semen (gamma diversity) and their correlations and opening a new front for research in the diagnosis of fertility-related diseases.
Forecasting admissions in psychiatric hospitals before and during Covid-19: a retrospective study with routine data
Authors: Wolff Jan , Klimke Ansgar , Marschollek Michael , Kacprowski Tim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has strong effects on most health care systems. Forecasting of admissions can help for the efficient organisation of hospital care. We aimed to forecast the number of admissions to psychiatric hospitals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and we compared the performance of machine learning models and time series models. This would eventually allow to support timely resource allocation for optimal treatment of patients.
Methods
We used admission data from 9 psychiatric hospitals in Germany between 2017 and 2020. We compared machine learning models with time series models in weekly, monthly and yearly forecasting before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Results
A total of 90,686 admissions were analysed. The models explained up to 90% of variance in hospital admissions in 2019 and 75% in 2020 with the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The best models substantially outperformed a one-step seasonal naïve forecast (seasonal mean absolute scaled error (sMASE) 2019: 0.59, 2020: 0.76). The best model in 2019 was a machine learning model (elastic net, mean absolute error (MAE): 7.25). The best model in 2020 was a time series model (exponential smoothing state space model with Box-Cox transformation, ARMA errors and trend and seasonal components, MAE: 10.44). Models forecasting admissions one week in advance did not perform better than monthly and yearly models in 2019 but they did in 2020. The most important features for the machine learning models were calendrical variables.
Conclusion
Model performance did not vary much between different modelling approaches before the COVID-19 pandemic and established forecasts were substantially better than one-step seasonal naïve forecasts. However, weekly time series models adjusted quicker to the COVID-19 related shock effects. In practice, different forecast horizons could be used simultaneously to allow both early planning and quick adjustments to external effects.