bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation and dissemination of home and community-based interventions for informal caregivers of people living with dementia: a systematic scoping review protocol
Authors: Zhu Eden Meng , Buljac-Samardžić Martina , Ahaus Kees , Sevdalis Nick , Huijsman Robbert 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAgeing in place, supported by formal home and community services and informal caregivers, is the most used long-term care option for people with dementia (PwD). Informal caregivers are inundated by their caregiving responsibilities and resultantly suffer consequences. Despite the multitude of clinical effectiveness studies on interventions that support informal caregivers, there is a paucity of information regarding their implementation process. This scoping review aims to identify the implementation strategies, implementation outcomes, and barriers and facilitators that impede or support the dissemination and uptake of interventions that support informal caregivers of PwD at home.Methods and analysisThis protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Protocols, and the scoping review will follow the systematic steps of the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews guideline. The search strategy will include publications produced from inception to 8 March 2021 and will be conducted in the search engines Embase, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), followed by a three-stage approach. First, title and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers. Second, full-text articles will also be screened by both reviewers and, in case of disagreement, by a third reviewer. The first two stages are based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Reference lists of the final included studies will also be checked for relevant articles. Data from the final included studies will be extracted and synthesised using the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change compilation and Proctor’s implementation outcomes to ensure homogenous and standardised reporting of implementation information.Ethics and disseminationThe review findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at geriatric and implementation conferences to inform researchers, health service planners and practice professionals with an overview of the existing literature to guide them in the effective implementation of caregiver-focused interventions in dementia support.
Development of support material for health professionals who are implementing Shared Decision-making in breast cancer screening: validation using the Delphi technique
Authors: Hernández-Leal María José , Codern-Bové Núria , Pérez-Lacasta María José , Cardona Angels , Vidal-Lancis Carmen , Carles-Lavila Misericòrdia 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe Literature is no report support material on Shared Decision-making applied to breast cancer screening that is intended for Spanish health professionals. The researcher created both a handbook and a guide for this topic using an adaption of the Three-talk model.ObjectiveA Delphi method will be used to reach an agreement among experts on the contents and design of a manual and guide, designed by the research team, and to be used by health professionals in the application of SDM in breast cancer screening.DesignA qualitative study. The content and design of the handbook and the guide was discussed by 20 experts. The Delphi techniques was in an online mode between July and October 2020 and researchers used Google forms in three rounds with open and closed questions. The criterion established for consensus was a coefficient of concordance (Cc) above 75, for questions using a Likert scale of 1–6—in which 1 meant ‘completely disagree’ and 6 ‘completely agree’—with a cut-off point equal to or higher than 4.ResultsParticipants considered the Three-talk model suitable for the screening context. The handbook sections and level of detail were considered satisfactory (Cc=90). The summary provided by the clinical practice guide was considered necessary (Cc=75), as it was the self-assessment tool for professionals (Cc=85). Content was added: addressing the limitations of the SDM model; extending the number of sample dialogues for health professionals; providing supplementary resources on using Patient Decisions aids and adding references on communication skills.Conclusions and applicationsThe first handbook and clinical practice guide providing unique SDM support material for health professionals have been developed. The handbook and guide are useful and innovative as supporting material for health professionals, but training strategies for SDM and a piloting plan for the use of materials are requested, in order to facilitate its implementation.
Variation in coded frailty syndromes in secondary care administrative data: an international retrospective exploratory study
Authors: Soong John T Y , Ng Sheryl Hui-Xian , Tan Kyle Xin Quan , Gammall Jurgita , Hopper Adrian 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesChallenges with manual methodologies to identify frailty, have led to enthusiasm for utilising large-scale administrative data, particularly standardised diagnostic codes. However, concerns have been raised regarding coding reliability and variability. We aimed to quantify variation in coding frailty syndromes within standardised diagnostic code fields of an international dataset.SettingPooled data from 37 hospitals in 10 countries from 2010 to 2014.ParticipantsPatients ≥75 years with admission of >24 hours (N=1 404 671 patient episodes).Primary and secondary outcome measuresFrailty syndrome groups were coded in all standardised diagnostic fields by creation of a binary flag if the relevant diagnosis was present in the 12 months leading to index admission. Volume and percentages of coded frailty syndrome groups by age, gender, year and country were tabulated, and trend analysis provided in line charts. Descriptive statistics including mean, range, and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Relationship to in-hospital mortality, hospital readmission and length of stay were visualised as bar charts.ResultsThe top four contributors were UK, US, Norway and Australia, which accounted for 75.4% of the volume of admissions. There were 553 595 (39.4%) patient episodes with at least one frailty syndrome group coded. The two most frequently coded frailty syndrome groups were ‘Falls and Fractures’ (N=3 36 087; 23.9%) and ‘Delirium and Dementia’ (N=221 072; 15.7%), with the lowest CV. Trend analysis revealed some coding instability over the frailty syndrome groups from 2010 to 2014. The four countries with the lowest CV for coded frailty syndrome groups were Belgium, Australia, USA and UK. There was up to twofold, fourfold and twofold variation difference for outcomes of length of stay, 30-day readmission and inpatient mortality, respectively, across the countries.ConclusionsVariation in coding frequency for frailty syndromes in standardised diagnostic fields are quantified and described. Recommendations are made to account for this variation when producing risk prediction models.
Challenges and solutions to providing surgery in Sierra Leone hospitals: a qualitative analysis of surgical provider perspectives
Authors: Wilson Spencer , Bah Mohamed M , George Peter , Caulker Augustus , Holmer Hampus , Leather Andrew JM , Kamara Thaim B 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to use qualitative interviews with surgical providers to explore challenges and solutions to providing surgical and anaesthesia care in Sierra Leone’s hospitals.DesignData were collected through anonymous, semistructured interviews. We used a qualitative framework approach to analyse interview data and determine themes relating to challenges that were reported.SettingA purposive sample of 12 hospitals was selected throughout Sierra Leone to include district and referral hospitals of varying ownership (private, non-governmental organisation and government).ParticipantsThe most senior surgical provider available during each hospital site visit participated in a semistructured interview. A total of 12 interviews were conducted.ResultsProviders described both challenges and solutions relating to the following categories: equipment and supplies, access to services, human resources, infrastructure, management and patient factors. These challenges were found to affect surgical care in hospitals by delaying surgical care, decreasing operative capacity and decreasing quality of care. Providers identified not only the root causes of these challenges, but also the varied workarounds and solutions they employ to overcome them.ConclusionSurgical providers can offer important insights into challenges affecting surgical services in hospitals. Despite working in challenging environments with limited resources, providers have developed innovative solutions to improve surgical and anaesthesia care in hospitals in Sierra Leone. Qualitative research has an important role to play in improving understanding of the challenges facing surgeons in low-income countries.
Impact of surgical management of primary tumors in stage IV breast cancer patients: a retrospective observational study based on SEER database
Authors: Xie Ning , Hu Xiaobo , Tang Yu , Tian Can , He Ying , Hu Zhe-Yu , Hu Chongyu , Wang Xiao , Liu Xiangyan , Liu Liping , Xiao Huawu , Peng Wei , Zhou Haoyu , Ouyang Quchang 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesAlthough primary tumour surgery could prolong survival for patients with stage IV breast cancer, how to select candidates for primary tumour surgery is still a challenging problem for medical oncologists.DesignThis study is a retrospective database study.Setting and participantsIn this study, we aimed at evaluating the primary site surgery effect and select the beneficial subgroups. 13 618 patients with stage IV breast cancer, diagnosed between 2010 and 2015, were collected from SEER*Stat database.InterventionsBased on the local surgery at primary tumour site, patients were categorised into three groups: primary tumour surgery performed group, recommended for primary tumour surgery but refused (RBR) group and surgery not recommended (NR) group.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll-cause survival and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS).ResultsUnivariate Cox regression analyses showed that, compared with surgery group, patients in non-surgery (RBR and NR) groups tend to be older, T4, N0/NX, triple-negative and visceral metastatic. For both all-cause survival and BCSS, non-surgery, advanced T stage, triple-negative BC (TNBC) and visceral metastases were significant risk factors. Primary tumour surgery showed benefits for both all-cause survival (HR=0.44, 95% CI=0.39–0.49, p<0.0001) and BCSS (HR=0.43, 95% CI=0.38–0.49, p<0.0001). However, after propensity score matching, primary tumour surgery failed to demonstrate significant benefits for TNBC (HR=0.96, 95% CI=0.60–1.53, p=0.851) and patients with visceral metastases (HR=0.90, 95% CI=0.60–1.36, p=0.62).ConclusionSurgery was associated with prolonged survival in stage IV breast cancers, but not in patients with TNBC and visceral metastases.
HPV vaccine awareness, knowledge and information sources among youth in Switzerland: a mixed methods study
Authors: Schwendener Corina L , Kiener Laura M , Jafflin Kristen , Rouached Sarah , Juillerat Anna , Meier Vincent , Schärli Maurer Susanna , Muggli Franco , Gültekin Nejla , Baumann Aron , Debergh Marlyse , Gruillot Catherine , Huber Benedikt , Merten Sonja , Buhl Andrea , Deml Michael J. , Tarr Philip E. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to provide a detailed characterisation of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine awareness, knowledge and information sources in the HPV vaccine decision-making process of youth, both male and female, in Switzerland.DesignWith a mixed-method study design, we conducted quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews, which lasted 20–45 min.Setting and participantsWe recruited participants, 15–26 years of age, in physicians’ offices, in a local sexual health clinic, and during military enlistment. We administered quantitative questionnaires to 997 youth participants (585 male, 412 female) and conducted qualitative interviews with 31 youth (17 male, 14 female).Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe assessed HPV vaccine awareness, knowledge, information sources and vaccination status.ResultsIn the study’s quantitative component, 108 (20%) male and 262 (65%) female participants had received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. 697 (70%) participants were knowledgeable about the HPV vaccine. Females were more likely to be knowledgeable than males (342/412 (83%) vs 355/585 (61%); p<0.01). Younger participants in the sample compared with older participants were more likely to be aware of HPV vaccine (135/148 (91%) vs 695/849 (82%); p<0.01). The three most mentioned information sources were school health programmes (442 (53%)), healthcare providers (190 (23%)) and participants’ social networks (163 (20%)). Overall, 554/710 (78%) participants had a female-gendered perception of HPV vaccine, a finding which was further supported and explained by qualitative data.ConclusionsDespite a male HPV vaccine recommendation being made >4 years prior to the data collection, HPV vaccine knowledge was higher among females than males, and a female-gendered perception of HPV vaccine remains prevalent. Internet and social media were minor HPV vaccine information sources. Study findings demonstrate that HPV knowledge matters for HPV vaccine uptake and suggest that we should improve HPV information quality and access for youth, particularly by tailoring knowledge campaigns to young men.
Living experiences of patients with advanced cancer with low socioeconomic status: protocol for a systematic review of qualitative evidence
Authors: An Zifen , Meng Xianmei , Fang Pei , Yu Huidan , Yu Liping 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe number of patients with advanced cancer is rapidly increasing, and the disease burden among those with low socioeconomic status (SES) has accordingly become a global concern. Low SES can adversely impact patients with advanced cancer. The purpose of this systematic review is to shed light on the life experiences of patients with advanced cancer with low SES to help provide targeted and effective strategies to improve their quality of life.Methods and analysisWe will include the following English databases: Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO and OpenGrey, and the following Chinese databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform. A comprehensive search of qualitative studies on the experiences of patients with advanced cancer with low SES will be conducted from the above databases, with no age limit. Quality assessments of the studies will be independently performed by two reviewers using the JBI Critical Assessment Checklist, and any disagreements will be resolved through a discussion with a third reviewer. Relevant data will be extracted using the JBI standardised data extraction tools. The JBI meta-aggregation tool will be used to compare, analyse and summarise the original results. The reliability and credibility of the overall quality of the studies included will be evaluated using the JBI ConQual approach.Ethics and disseminationThis study is based on existing public literature and therefore does not require a formal ethics review. The results of the study may be presented in peer-reviewed international journals and presented at scientific conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021250423.
Prevalence and incidence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among primary healthcare providers in Belgium during 1 year of the COVID-19 epidemic: prospective cohort study protocol
Authors: Adriaenssens Niels , Scholtes Beatrice , Bruyndonckx Robin , Verbakel Jan Y , De Sutter An , Heytens Stefan , Van den Bruel Ann , Desombere Isabelle , Van Damme Pierre , Goossens Herman , Buret Laëtitia , Duysburgh Els , Coenen Samuel 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNational SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data provide essential information about population exposure to the virus and help predict the future course of the epidemic. Early cohort studies have suggested declines in levels of antibodies in individuals associated with, for example, illness severity, age and comorbidities. This protocol focuses on the seroprevalence among primary healthcare providers (PHCPs) in Belgium. PHCPs manage the vast majority of (COVID-19) patients and therefore play an essential role in the efficient organisation of healthcare. Currently, evidence is lacking on (1) how many PHCPs get infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Belgium, (2) the rate at which this happens, (3) their clinical spectrum, (4) their risk factors, (5) the effectiveness of the measures to prevent infection and (6) the accuracy of the serology-based point-of-care test (POCT) in a primary care setting.Methods and analysisThis study will be set up as a prospective cohort study. General practitioners (GPs) and other PHCPs (working in a GP practice) will be recruited via professional networks and professional media outlets to register online to participate. Registered GPs and other PHCPs will be asked at each testing point (n=9) to perform a capillary blood sample antibody POCT targeting IgM and IgG against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 and complete an online questionnaire. The primary outcomes are the prevalence and incidence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in PHCPs during a 12-month follow-up period. Secondary outcomes include the longevity of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by the ethics committee of the University Hospital of Antwerp/University of Antwerp (Belgian registration number: 3002020000237). Alongside journal publications, dissemination activities include the publication of monthly reports to be shared with the participants and the general population through the publicly available website of the Belgian health authorities (Sciensano).Trial registration numberNCT04779424.
Scandinavian Olecranon Research in the Elderly (SCORE): protocol for a non-inferiority, randomised, controlled, multicentre trial comparing operative and conservative treatment of olecranon fractures in the elderly
Authors: Rantalaiho Ida , Laaksonen Inari , Launonen Antti P , Luokkala Toni , Flinkkilä Tapio , Salmela Mikko , Adolfsson L , Olsen Bo , Isotalo Kari , Ryösä Anssi , Äärimaa Ville 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe incidence of olecranon fractures is growing in the elderly population. The traditional operative approach is giving way among the elderly to conservative treatment, which seems to provide a comparable functional outcome with a lower complication burden. However, there is still a lack of reliable evidence to support this shift.The objective of this trial is to investigate whether conservative treatment of displaced olecranon fractures in patients aged 75 or older yields comparable results to those of operative treatment in terms of pain and daily function.Methods and analysisScandinavian Olecranon Research in the Elderly (SCORE) is a randomised, controlled, multicentre, non-inferiority trial. Eligible patients will be randomised to either conservative or operative treatment. The sample size will be 68 patients and allocation done at a 1:1 ratio (34 patients per group). The randomisation is stratified according to the participating hospital and patient’s sex. Both groups will receive the same postoperative physiotherapy and pain management. The primary outcome is Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand at 1-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes are pain and satisfaction measured on visual analogue scales, Patient Reported Elbow Evaluation, range of motion of the elbow and extension strength of the elbow compared with the unaffected arm. Radiographs will be taken at each follow-up. Primary analysis of the results will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol for this clinical trial has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital District of Southwest Finland and will be submitted for approval to the Regional Ethics Committees in Linköping, Sweden and Copenhagen, Denmark. Every recruiting centre will apply local research approvals. The results of this study will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04401462.Protocol versionThis is the second protocol version dated on 16 April 2020.
Integrating social support into interventions among the elderly in nursing homes: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Behrendt Daniel , Schirmer Marielle , Wendschuh Vanessa , Sumngern Chommanard 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe instituted elderly in nursing home need professional support targeting to maintain their daily activities and quality of life. Social support affects the health of elderly through its influence as a stress buffering or main effects on emotions, cognitions and behaviour that improve health outcomes. Understanding and identifying available interventions for the elderly in the literature related to integrating social support into interventions will be benefits to guide future practice, research and policy.Methods and analysisA scoping review designed by Arksey and O’Malley has been used in this study. Key words, inclusion and exclusion criteria were elaborated to search the primary articles that published in English from 2010 to 2021 mainly from PubMed, Science Direct, Public Library of Science, SocioHub, Wiley Online Library and PsycINFO databases targeting to reach the selected articles and combined the results with reference lists and hand searches. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool version 2018 will be used to identify the quality of the studies. Authors developed the Data Extraction Form for data extraction and analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews tool will be employed for reporting guideline.Ethics and disseminationAuthors forecast to obtain relevant studies reporting integrating specific dimensions of supportive functions into interventions for the elderly in nursing home. This finding will benefit in quality improvement of supportive interventions in nursing home and to continue the further experimental study. The findings will be disseminated via electronic and hard copy through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and internal organisation meeting.