bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microfluidic flow-injection aptamer-based chemiluminescence platform for sulfadimethoxine detection
Authors: Wang Yanwei , Rink Simone , Baeumner Antje J. , Seidel Michael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGold nanoparticle–catalyzed chemiluminescence (CL) of luminol is an attractive alternative to strategies relying on enzymes, as their aggregation leads to significantly enhanced CL signals. Consequently, analytes disturbing such aggregation will lead to an easy-to-quantify weakening of the signal. Based on this concept, a homogeneous aptamer-based assay for the detection of sulfadimethoxine (SDM) has been developed as a microfluidic CL flow-injection platform. Here, the efficient mixing of gold nanoparticles, aptamers, and analyte in short channel distances is of utmost importance, and two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) mixer designs made via Xurography were investigated. In the end, since 2D designs could not provide sufficient mixing, a laminated 3D 5-layer microfluidic mixer was developed and optimized with respect to mixing capability and observation by the charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Furthermore, the performance of standard luminol and its more hydrophilic derivative m-carboxy luminol was studied identifying the hydrophilic derivative to provide tenfold more signal enhancement and reliable results. Finally, the novel detection platform was used for the specific detection of SDM via its aptamer and yielded a stunning dynamic range over 5 orders of magnitude (0.01–1000 ng/ml) and a limit of detection of 4 pg/ml. This new detection concept not only outperforms other methods for SDM detection, but can be suggested as a new flow-injection strategy for aptamer-based rapid and cost-efficient analysis in environmental monitoring and food safety.
Graphical abstract
Interannual variability of air temperature inversions in ice-free area of northern James Ross Island, Antarctica
Authors: Ambrožová Klára , Láska Kamil , Matějka Michael , Reuder Joachim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAir temperature inversions are common features in Antarctica, especially in the interior where they are observed nearly year-round. Large temporal variability of air temperature inversion incidence is typical for the coastal areas and little is known about its occurrence in the Antarctic deglaciated areas. Here we present a 12-year-long time series of near-surface air temperature inversion derived from two automatic weather stations situated at different altitudes (10 and 375 m a.s.l.) in ice-free part of northern James Ross Island (Antarctic Peninsula). The highest monthly relative frequency of temperature inversions during 2006–2017 was observed in July (38%) when the range between minimum and maximum monthly frequencies reached 34%. Both the lowest monthly relative frequency of temperature inversions and the range were found in December with values of 7% and 15%, respectively. The correlation between mean lapse rate and selected mesoscale flow characteristics were tested. The highest correlations were found between lapse rate and specific humidity for the yearly means (0.69 in the 925 hPa pressure level). Negative correlation coefficients were established between lapse rate and air temperature in summer (− 0.65 in the 500 hPa pressure level). Finally, we also used the Weather and Research Forecasting (WRF) model to ascertain its ability to simulate situations as complicated as near-surface air temperature inversion formation in complex terrain. For a strong winter air temperature inversion, simulated air temperature was compared with in situ observations to assess the model performance.
Validation of a new diagnostic method for quantification of sleep bruxism activity
Authors: Ommerborn Michelle Alicia , Walentek Nicole , Bergmann Nora , Franken Michael , Gotter Andreas , Schäfer Ralf 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo validate a new diagnostic method (DIABRUX) for quantifying sleep bruxism (SB) activity using the current gold standard, polysomnography (PSG), as a criterion in an adequate sample size investigation.Materials and methodsFor SB diagnosis, each participant received a two-night ambulatory PSG including audio–video recordings. The 0.5-mm-thick sheet is produced in a thermoforming process. After diagnosis via PSG, each subject wore the diagnostic sheet for five consecutive nights. The resulting total abrasion on the surface was automatically quantified in pixels by a software specially designed for this purpose.ResultsForty-five participants (10 SB and 35 non-SB subjects) were included. The difference of the mean pixel score between the SB (M = 1,306, SD = 913) and the non-SB group (M = 381, SD = 483; 3.4 times higher for SB) was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed a value of 507 pixels as the most appropriate cut-off criterion with a sensitivity of 1.0, a specificity to 0.8, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88. The positive and negative predictive value accounted for 0.59 and 1.0.ConclusionsThe present data confirm that the new diagnostic method is valid and user-friendly that may be used for therapeutic evaluation, and for the acquisition of larger sample sizes within sophisticated study designs.Clinical relevanceThe verified properties of the new diagnostic method allow estimating SB activity before damages occur due to long-standing bruxism activity. Therefore, it might be utilized for preventive dentistry.Trial registration numberNC T03325920 (September 22, 2017).
Defining the impact of adjuvant treatment on the prognosis of patients with inoperable glioblastoma undergoing biopsy only: does the survival benefit outweigh the treatment effort?
Authors: Löber-Handwerker Ronja , Döring Katja , Bock Christoph , Rohde Veit , Malinova Vesna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with inoperable glioblastoma (GBM) usually experience worse prognosis compared to those in whom gross total resection (GTR) is achievable. Considering the treatment duration and its side effects identification of patients with survival benefit from treatment is essential to guarantee the best achievable quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival benefit from radio-chemotherapy and to identify clinical, molecular, and imaging parameters associated with better outcome in patients with biopsied GBMs. Consecutive patients with inoperable GBM who underwent tumor biopsy at our department from 2005 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients had histologically confirmed GBM and were followed up until death. The overall survival (OS) was calculated from date of diagnosis to date of death. Clinical, radiological, and molecular predictors of OS were evaluated. A total of 95 patients with biopsied primary GBM were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 64.3 ± 13.2 years; 56.8% (54/95) were male, and 43.2% (41/95) female. Median OS in the entire cohort was 5.5 months. After stratification for adjuvant treatment, a higher median OS was found in the group with adjuvant treatment (7 months, range 2–88) compared to the group without treatment (1 month, range 1–5) log-rank test, p < 0.0001. Patients with inoperable GBM undergoing biopsy indeed experience a very limited OS. Adjuvant treatment is associated with significantly longer OS compared to patients not receiving treatment and should be considered, especially in younger patients with good clinical condition at presentation.
Der Wandel der Anerkennung von Fehl- und Totgeburt als Geburt eines Kindes
Authors: Böcker Julia 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Aufkommen der Alternativbezeichnungen „Kleine Geburt“ und „Stille Geburt“ ist Ausdruck eines Wandels im Umgang mit Fehlgeburt und Totgeburt. Anstoß des Wandels war zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement Betroffener in den 1980er-Jahren, die sich gegen Entrechtungen in den Kliniken und für soziale Sichtbarkeit und Anerkennung des Verlusts einsetzten. Im Beitrag wird argumentiert, dass Fehl- und Totgeburt in Gesellschaft und Geburtshilfe zunehmend als Geburt (und Verlust) eines Kindes behandelt und Betroffene damit als Eltern anerkannt werden. Empirische Grundlage ist ein Datenkorpus aus narrativen Interviews und natürlichen Daten, die sequenzanalytisch und theoriegenerierend ausgewertet wurden. Der mehrdimensionale Wandel wird anhand von Veränderungen im deutschen Recht, in sozialen Medien und in der Geburtshilfe plausibilisiert. Erstens werden Betroffene durch Änderungen des Personenstandsgesetzes für Fehlgeborene symbolisch als Eltern anerkannt. Zweitens entwickelte sich in Online-Foren ein kollektives Selbstverständnis von „Sternenelternschaft“, das diskursive und institutionelle Veränderungen außerhalb des Internets bewirkte. Daneben legitimieren und normalisieren individuelle Selbstzeugnisse in den sozialen Medien, über Fehl- und Stillgeburt zu sprechen und diese zu zeigen. Drittens werden die professionellen Praktiken der Personalisierung von Stillgeborenen in der Geburtshilfe diskutiert, die nach Totgeburten inzwischen umfänglich, nach Fehlgeburten teilweise, etabliert sind.
Perceptions of Scientific Authorship Revisited: Country Differences and the Impact of Perceived Publication Pressure
Authors: Johann David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRelying on data collected by the Zurich Survey of Academics (ZSoA), a unique representative online survey among academics in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland (DACH region), this paper replicates Johann and Mayer's (Minerva 57(2):175–196, 2019) analysis of researchers' perceptions of scientific authorship and expands their scope. The primary goals of the study at hand are to learn more about (a) country differences in perceptions of scientific authorship, as well as (b) the influence of perceived publication pressure on authorship perceptions. The results indicate that academics in Switzerland interpret scientific authorship more leniently than their colleagues in Germany and Austria. The findings further indicate that, as perceived pressure to publish increases, researchers are more likely to belong to a group of academics who hold the view that any type of contribution/task justifies co-authorship, including even those contributions/tasks that do not justify co-authorship according to most authorship guidelines. In summary, the present study suggests that action is required to harmonize regulations for scientific authorship and to improve the research culture.
De Quervain’s tenosynovitis: a non-randomized two-armed study comparing ultrasound-guided steroid injection with surgical release
Authors: Bhat A. K. , Vyas R. , Acharya A. M. , Rajagopal K. V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ultrasonography is currently used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. There is a dearth of information on how effective an ultrasound-guided (USG) steroid injection is when compared to surgical release of the first extensor compartment. Hence, we performed a non-randomized two-armed comparison study to test our hypothesis that USG guided steroid injection is equally effective as surgery.

Method
62 consecutive patients participated in the study with 32 of them selecting the option of USG guided injection (Set A), and the rest undergoing surgical release (Set B). We reviewed them after 3 and 6 weeks and 6 months for functional outcome using DASH, PRWE and VAS scores, recurrence, or any complications. They were further followed if they were symptomatic.

Results
The DASH/PRWE/VAS scores improved at the end of 6 months from 81.7/79.3/6.8 to 1.0/1.7/1.0, respectively for patients undergoing USG guided steroid injection. Similarly, for the patient undergoing surgery, the scores improved from 82.2/81.5/6.7 to 1.7/3.4/1.0, respectively. This was statistically significant in both the groups (p < 0.05) and was comparable to each other. Two patients in Set A came back with recurrence at eight and 10 months and two reported occasional pain on heavy work. Three patients had tenderness and two had numbness in Set B at the scar site.

Conclusion
We observed that USG guided steroid injections are comparable to surgical release in terms of pain relief, functional outcome, complications.
Changes in Character Virtues are Driven by Classroom Relationships: A Longitudinal Study of Elementary School Children
Authors: Thomas Kendra J. , da Cunha Josafá , Santo Jonathan B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to understand the role of school relationships in shaping students’ character development in middle childhood. Students and teachers completed surveys on student–teacher relationships, peer relationships, social-emotional learning (SEL), parent-teacher communication, and character strengths of fairness, hope, bravery, teamwork, self-regulation, social responsibility, and prosocial leadership. Participants were 1881 Brazilian children in fourth or fifth grade across 288 classrooms and 60 schools. Data were analyzed using a multi-level model framework. Higher student–student relationships were associated with higher starting scores of character strengths paired with a stronger increase among classes whose relationships improved over time. Higher quality student–teacher relationships were associated with a larger increase in character strengths among boys. Teachers’ usage of SEL strategies, student–teacher relationships and student peer relationships were important predictors of both classroom baselines and the change in character strengths across time. Most of the existing literature on character strengths is based on older adolescent samples from affluent countries and with little Latin American representation. This study supports existing literature on the relevancy of character strengths in the educational context, but adds the importance of seeing it as a contextual and relational outcome.
Paradoxes of Hymenoptera flight muscles, extreme machines
Authors: Hickey Tony , Devaux Jules , Rajagopal Vijay , Power Amelia , Crossman David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the Carboniferous, insects evolved flight. Intense selection drove for high performance and approximately 100 million years later, Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and ants) emerged. Some species had proportionately small wings, with apparently impossible aerodynamic challenges including a need for high frequency flight muscles (FMs), powered exclusively off aerobic pathways and resulting in extreme aerobic capacities. Modern insect FMs are the most refined and form large dense blocks that occupy 90% of the thorax. These can beat wings at 200 to 230 Hz, more than double that achieved by standard neuromuscular systems. To do so, rapid repolarisation was circumvented through evolution of asynchronous stimulation, stretch activation, elastic recoil and a paradoxically slow Ca2+ reuptake. While the latter conserves ATP, considerable ATP is demanded at the myofibrils. FMs have diminished sarcoplasmic volumes, and ATP is produced solely by mitochondria, which pack myocytes to maximal limits and have very dense cristae. Gaseous oxygen is supplied directly to mitochondria. While FMs appear to be optimised for function, several unusual paradoxes remain. FMs lack any significant equivalent to the creatine kinase shuttle, and myofibrils are twice as wide as those of within cardiomyocytes. The mitochondrial electron transport systems also release large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and respiratory complexes do not appear to be present at any exceptional level. Given that the loss of the creatine kinase shuttle and elevated ROS impairs heart function, we question how do FM shuttle adenylates at high rates and tolerate oxidative stress conditions that occur in diseased hearts?
Chronic wounds in Sierra Leone: pathogen spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility
Authors: Schaumburg Frieder , Vas Nunes Jonathan , Mönnink Giulia , Falama Abdul-Mac , Bangura James , Mathéron Hanna , Conteh Amara , Sesay Maxwell , Sesay Aminata , Grobusch Martin P. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic wounds are frequently caused by, or super-infected with, a broad spectrum of bacteria. To guide treatment, healthcare providers need to know the bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial resistance rates to be anticipated. As these data are largely missing for Sierra Leone, we performed a microbiological study on chronic wound infections.

Methods
Wound swabs were analysed for bacteria using culture-based methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done with Vitek2® automated system and EUCAST clinical breakpoints. Selected resistance phenotypes were confirmed by molecular methods (e.g. mecA/C) and genotyping.

Results
Of 163 included patients, 156 (95.7%) had a positive wound culture. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 75), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 42), Proteus mirabilis (n = 31), Staphylococcus aureus-related complex (n = 31) were predominant. Among Gram-negative rods, resistance rates were high for piperacillin/tazobactam (3–67%), cefotaxime (19–71%), and ciprofloxacin (13–60%). Among isolates of the S. aureus-related complex, 55% were methicillin resistant (CC8, PVL-negative).

Conclusion
The high antimicrobial resistance rates in bacteria from chronic wounds strongly speaks against the use of empirical systemic antibiotic therapy if patients do not show signs of systemic infections, and supports the strategy of local wound care.
Stability analysis based parameter tuning of Social Group Optimization
Authors: Jena Junali Jasmine , Dash Samarendra Chandan Bindu , Satapathy Suresh Chandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSwarm-based optimization algorithms have been popularly used these days for optimization of various real world problems but sometimes it becomes hard to estimate the associated characteristics due to their stochastic nature. To ensure a steady performance of these techniques, it is essential to have knowledge about the range of variables, in which a particular algorithm always provides stable performance and performing stability analysis of an algorithm can help in providing some knowledge regarding the same. Many researchers have performed the stability analysis of several optimization algorithms and analyzed their behavior. Social Group Optimization (SGO) is a newly developed algorithm which has been proven to yield promising results when applied to many real world problems but in literature no work can be found on stability analysis of SGO. In this paper, Von Neumann stability analysis approach has been used for performing stability analysis of Social Group Optimization (SGO) to analyze the behavior of its algorithmic parameters and estimate the range in which they always give stable convergence. The results obtained have been supported by sufficient experimental analysis and simulated using eight benchmark function suite along with their shifted and rotated variations which prove that the algorithm performs better within the stable range and hence convergence is ensured.
Experimental and numerical evaluation on debonding of fully grouted rockbolt under pull-out loading
Authors: Yu Shuisheng , Zhu Wancheng , Niu Leilei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe axial loading in rockbolts changes due to stress redistribution and rheology in the country rock mass. Such a change may lead to debonding at rockbolt to grout interface or rupture of the rockbolt. In this study, based on laboratory experiments, ultrasonic guided wave propagation in fully grouted rockbolt under different pull-out loads was investigated in order to examine the resultant debonding of rockbolt. The signals obtained from the ultrasonic monitoring during the pull-out test were processed using wavelet multi-scale analysis and frequency spectrum analysis, the signal amplitude and the amplitude ratio (Q) of low frequency to high frequency were defined to quantify the debonding of rockbolt. In addition to the laboratory test, numerical simulation on the effect of the embedment lengths on ultrasonic guided wave propagation in rockbolt was conducted by using a damage-based model, and the debonding between rockbolt and cement mortar was numerically examined. It was confirmed that the ultrasonic guided wave propagation in rockbolt was very sensitive to the debonding because of pull-out load, therefore, the critical bond length could be calculated based on the propagation of guided wave in the grouted rockbolt. In time domain, the signal amplitude in rockbolt increased with pull-out load from 0 to 100 kN until the completely debonding, thus quantifying the debonding under the different pull-out loads. In the frequency domain, as the Q value increased, the debonding length of rockbolt decreased exponentially. The numerical results confirmed that the guided wave propagation in the fully grouted rockbolt was effective in detecting and quantifying the debonding of rockbolt under pull-out load.
A Better Zn-Ion Storage Device: Recent Progress for Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Jin Jialun , Geng Xiangshun , Chen Qiang , Ren Tian-Ling 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs a new generation of Zn-ion storage systems, Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) garner tremendous interests recently from researchers due to the perfect integration of batteries and supercapacitors. ZHSCs have excellent integration of high energy density and power density, which seamlessly bridges the gap between batteries and supercapacitors, becoming one of the most viable future options for large-scale equipment and portable electronic devices. However, the currently reported two configurations of ZHSCs and corresponding energy storage mechanisms still lack systematic analyses. Herein, this review will be prudently organized from the perspectives of design strategies, electrode configurations, energy storage mechanisms, recent advances in electrode materials, electrolyte behaviors and further applications (micro or flexible devices) of ZHSCs. The synthesis processes and electrochemical properties of well-designed Zn anodes, capacitor-type electrodes and novel Zn-ion battery-type cathodes are comprehensively discussed. Finally, a brief summary and outlook for the further development of ZHSCs are presented as well. This review will provide timely access for researchers to the recent works regarding ZHSCs.
Multifunctional Integrated Transparent Film for Efficient Electromagnetic Protection
Authors: Wang Gehuan , Zhao Yue , Yang Feng , Zhang Yi , Zhou Ming , Ji Guangbin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSilver nanowire (Ag NW) has been considered as the promising building block for the fabrication of transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films. However, the practical application of Ag NW-based EMI shielding films has been restricted due to the unsatisfactory stability of Ag NW. Herein, we proposed a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) decorated Ag NW film, which realizes a seamless integration of optical transparency, highly efficient EMI shielding, reliable durability and stability. The Ag NW constructs a highly transparent and conductive network, and the rGO provides additional conductive path, showing a superior EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 33.62 dB at transmittance of 81.9%. In addition, the top rGO layer enables the hybrid film with reliable durability and chemical stability, which can maintain 96% and 90% EMI SE after 1000 times bending cycles at radius of 2 mm and exposure in air for 80 days. Furthermore, the rGO/Ag NW films also possess fast thermal response and heating stability, making them highly applicable in wearable devices. The synergy of Ag NW and rGO grants the hybrid EMI shielding film multiple desired functions and meanwhile overcomes the shortcomings of Ag NW. This work provides a reference for preparing multifunctional integrated transparent EMI shielding film.
From isoparametric submanifolds to polar foliations
Authors: Thorbergsson Gudlaugur 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe will show how isoparametric submanifolds and polar actions on round spheres lead to polar foliations and polar actions on compact symmetric spaces and compact Riemannian manifolds with positive curvature. Our emphasis will be on the classification of these submanifolds and actions.