bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Casson nanofluid performance on MHD convective flow past a semi‐infinite inclined permeable moving plate in presence of heat and mass transfer
Authors: Ravindranath Reddy G. , Ramakrishna Reddy K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the radiation and chemical reaction effects on the free convection heat and mass transfer flow of Casson nanofluids (Cu and TiO2) over an inclined porous vertical plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of radiation absorption and constant heat source under fluctuating boundary conditions. The plate is moved with a constant velocity of U0, and temperature and the concentration are assumed to be fluctuating with time harmonically from a constant mean at the plate. The perturbation technique is applied to solve the governing equations of the flow and pointed out the variations in velocity, temperature, and concentration with the use of graphical presentations. The impact of several parameters on local skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number is also noticed and discussed. It is concluded that the resultant velocity reduces with increasing Casson parameter and suction parameter, velocity, and temperature enhanced with increasing radiation absorption and diffusion thermo parameters. Also, it is noticed that the solutal boundary layer thickness decreases with an increase in chemical reaction parameters. It is because chemical molecular diffusivity reduces for higher values of Kr.
Predicting the severity of peer victimization and bullying perpetration among youth with interpersonal problems: A 6‐month prospective study
Authors: Arango Alejandra , Clark Michael , King Cheryl A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeer victimization is prevalent and associated with adverse outcomes. In this prospective study of youth who self‐reported interpersonal problems, we examined school connectedness, school behavioral difficulties, academic difficulties, and internalizing problems (social anxiety, self‐esteem, depression) as predictors of peer victimization and bullying perpetration severity. We also examined the moderating effects of gender.MethodsParticipants were 218 youth (66.5% female), ages 12–15 years (M = 13.5, SD = 1.1), who screened positive for peer victimization, bullying perpetration, and/or low social connectedness using self‐report measures. Youth were recruited from an emergency department in the United States as part of an intervention trial. Youth identified primarily as African American (53.7%) and Caucasian (31.7%). Youth completed a 6‐month follow‐up assessment (75% retention). Separate Bayesian regression models were used to examine the effects of baseline school connectedness, school behavioral difficulties, academic difficulties, and internalizing problems on the severity of 6‐month peer victimization and bullying perpetration.ResultsBaseline depression was positively related to both peer victimization and bullying perpetration severity. Baseline behavioral problems were positively related to bullying perpetration severity. Interactions indicated that gender moderated the relationship between school connectedness and peer victimization.ConclusionsGiven the adverse outcomes linked with peer victimization and bullying perpetration, an improved understanding of factors that predict victimization and perpetration severity may be helpful in defining intervention targets.
The role of treatment with plasma exchange therapy in two pediatric toxic epidermal necrolysis cases related to COVID‐19
Authors: Varol Fatih , Can Yasar Yusuf , Sahin Ebru , Durak Cansu , Kilic Aziz , Sahin Ceyhan , Gursoy Fatima , Akin Tugba 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life‐threatening mucocutaneous reactions characterized by necrosis and detachment of the epidermis. Drugs and bacterial or viral infections are the most common causes of SJS/TEN. Although cases of SJS/TEN have been reported after hydroxychloroquine, vaccine (mRNA [Biontech], and inactivated vaccine [Sinovac]) administration and during the clinical course of active Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), limited data is indicating the COVID‐19 disease as a triggering factor. Also, there are no pediatric cases of SJS/TEN associated with COVID‐19 in the literature. Herein we reported two pediatric cases with a diagnosis of TEN related to COVID‐19. Therapeutic plasma exchange therapy was applied to both of our patients. Although there are a few adult cases in the literature, our article is the first pediatric case report about patients diagnosed with TEN related to COVID‐19 and successfully treated with plasma exchange.
Blue‐green emission of pepsin‐stabilized copper nanoclusters ultrafast detection of hemoglobin in human urine
Authors: Tseng Wei‐Bin , Wang Ing‐Ting , Aiyu Lin , Hsieh Ming‐Mu , Tseng Wei‐Lung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work proposed a straightforward synthesis of copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) with an emission wavelength of 496 nm and a quantum yield of 2.2% by directly using pepsin as a template with low toxicity NaBH4 and ascorbic acid as reducing agents. The chemical composition and optical properties of the pepsin‐stabilized CuNCs (pepsin‐CuNCs) were well‐characterized by spectroscopy‐related techniques. The pepsin‐CuNCs retained the fluorescence intensity at neutral pH, at 37°C, and in high salinity, proving their suitability in biological systems. Although the pepsin‐CuNCs remained only half of the initial fluorescence intensity after 24 days due to air oxidation, their storage stability was comparable to that of CuNCs reported in the literature. Given that the absorption peaks of hemoglobin overlap the excitation and emission wavelengths of pepsin‐CuNCs, this feature allowed pepsin‐CuNCs to serve as a luminescence turn‐off sensor for sensing hemoglobin through the inner‐filter effect process. The pepsin‐CuNC probe provided a fast (within 1 min) platform for hemoglobin detection with a dynamic quantitative range of 0.1–10 μM and a detection limit of 70 nM. Importantly, the proposed probe was well‐suited to detect hemoglobin in nearly undiluted human urine, demonstrating its great potential for the clinical diagnosis of trace hemoglobin in urine.
Prognostic significance of hsa_circ_0048122 to predict liver metastasis in early‐stage colorectal cancer
Authors: Fang Qian , Ni Chuandou , Cai Zhun , Li Wangyong , Xie Jianjin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiver metastasis is the primary cause of lethal colorectal cancer (CRC). The predominant risk of poor patient prognosis in early‐stage CRC emerges as metachronous liver metastasis. This necessitates the search for potential biomarkers for this metastasis to assess treatment outcomes and provide targeted therapy.MethodsThe role of hsa_circ_0048122 in predicting liver metastasis in CRC was probed in this work. This retrospective and multi‐center investigation entailed exploration and identification stages with 158 and 176 patients. While RT‐qPCR was employed to scrutinize hsa_circ_0048122 expression, Kaplan–Meier survival, and multivariate analyses were used to probe its prognostic impact in early‐stage CRC and stage IV CRC cases, respectively.ResultsA strong correlation between liver metastases and hsa_circ_0048122 expression in stage IV CRC patients with a high hsa_circ_0048122 profile indicated a poor overall survival. Likewise, a high expression level of hsa_circ_0048122 appears as a potential predictor of liver metastases in patients' initial stages.ConclusionsPredicting liver metastasis can be plausibly facilitated using Hsa_circ_0048122 as a biomarker in early‐stage CRC cases.
Serum HDAC4 level in rheumatoid arthritis: Longitudinal change during treatment and correlation with clinical outcomes
Authors: Mou Xiaoyue , Jin Yi , Jin Du , Guan Jintao , Zhang Qian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveHistone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) modulates immunity, inflammation, and osteoblast differentiation to engage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) etiology. This study aimed to evaluate the HDAC4 longitudinal change and its relationship with clinical features and outcomes in RA patients.MethodsEighty‐three RA patients were enrolled. Their serum HDAC4 level was detected by ELISA at baseline (W0), week (W) 4, W12, and W24 after treatment. RA patients were divided into response or non‐response, low disease activity (LDA) or non‐LDA, remission or non‐remission patients according to their treatment outcomes at W24. Meanwhile, serum HDAC4 was detected by ELISA in 20 osteoarthritis patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs).ResultsHDAC4 level was reduced in RA patients compared with HCs (p < 0.001) and osteoarthritis patients (p = 0.009). HDAC4 was negatively related to some of the disease activity indexes such as C‐reactive protein (p = 0.003), tender joint count (p = 0.025), and disease activity score based on 28 joints (p = 0.013) in RA patients; it was also negatively correlated with TNF‐α (p = 0.003), IL‐6 (p = 0.022), and IL‐17A (p = 0.015). However, the HDAC4 level was not related to different treatment histories or current initiating treatment regimens (all p < 0.05). After treatment, HDAC4 was gradually elevated along with the time (p < 0.001). Interestingly, HDAC4 level at W12 (p = 0.041) and W24 (p = 0.012) was higher in response patients versus non‐response patients, and its level at W24 was higher in LDA patients versus non‐LDA patients (p = 0.019), and in remission patients versus non‐remission patients (p = 0.039).ConclusionHDAC4 gradually increases during treatment and its elevation estimates good treatment outcomes in RA patients.
Impact of Expanding Eligibility Criteria for Cochlear Implantation – Dynamic Modeling Study
Authors: Nijmeijer Hugo G. B. , Groenewoud Hans M. M. , Mylanus Emmanuel A. M. , Goedegebure André , Huinck Wendy J. , van der Wilt Gert Jan 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesEligibility criteria for cochlear implantation (CI) are shifting due to technological and surgical improvements. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of further expanding unilateral CI criteria in those with severe hearing loss (HL) (61–80 dBHL) in terms of number of CI recipients, costs, quality of life, and cost‐effectiveness.MethodsA dynamic population‐based Markov model was constructed mimicking the Dutch population in three age categories over a period of 20 years. Health states included severe HL (61–80 dBHL), profound HL (>81 dBHL), CI recipients, and no‐CI recipients. Model parameters were based on published literature, (national) databases, expert opinion, and model calibration.ResultsIf persons with severe HL would qualify and opt for CI similar to those with profound HL now, this would lead to a 6–7 times increase of new CI recipients and an associated increase in costs (€550 million) and QALYs (54.000) over a 20‐year period (incremental cost utility ratio: 10.771 euros/QALY [2.5–97.5 percentiles: 1.252–23.171]). One‐way‐sensitivity analysis indicated that model outcomes were most sensitive to regaining employment, utility associated with having a CI, and costs of surgery and testing.ConclusionOur findings suggest that expanding eligibility for CI to persons with severe HL could be a cost‐effective use of resources. Clearly, however, it would require a significant increase in diagnostic, operative, and rehabilitative capacity. Our quantitative estimates can serve as a basis for a wider societal deliberation on the question whether such an increase can and should be pursued.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:924–932, 2023
The Role of PARP‐1 and NF‐κB in Bile‐Induced DNA Damage and Oncogenic Profile in Hypopharyngeal Cells
Authors: Doukas Panagiotis G. , Vageli Dimitra P. , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: July 2022

Objectives/HypothesisWe recently documented that acidic bile, a gastroesophageal reflux content, can cause invasive hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, by inducing widespread DNA damage and promoting nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB)‐related oncogenic molecular events. Poly or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐ribose polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1), a sensitive sensor of DNA damage, may interact with NF‐κB. We hypothesized that PARP‐1 is activated in hypopharyngeal cells (HCs) with marked DNA damage caused by acidic bile, hence there is an association between PARP‐1 and NF‐κB activation or its related oncogenic profile, in this process.Study DesignIn vitro study.MethodsWe targeted PARP‐1 and NF‐κB(p65), using pharmacologic inhibitors, 1.0 μM Rucaparib (AG014699) and 10 μM BAY 11–7082 {3‐[4=methylphenyl)sulfonyl]‐(2E)‐propenenitrile}, respectively, or silencing their gene expression (siRNAs) and used immunofluorescence, luciferase, cell viability, direct enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, and qPCR analysis to detect the effect of targeting PARP‐1 or NF‐κB in acidic bile‐induced DNA damage, PARP‐1, p‐NF‐κB, and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) expression, as well as NF‐κB transcriptional activity, cell survival, and mRNA oncogenic phenotype in HCs.ResultsWe showed that (i) PARP‐1 is overexpressed by acidic bile, (ii) targeting NF‐κB adequately prevents the acidic bile‐induced DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs) by gamma H2A histone family member X (γH2AX), oxidative DNA/RNA damage, PARP‐1 overexpression, anti‐apoptotic mRNA phenotype, and cell survival, whereas (iii) targeting PARP‐1 preserves elevated DNA damage, NF‐κB activation, and anti‐apoptotic phenotype.ConclusionWe document for the first time that the activation of PARP‐1 is an early event during bile reflux‐related head and neck carcinogenesis and that NF‐κB can mediate DNA damage and PARP‐1 activation. Our data encourage further investigation into how acidic bile‐induced activated NF‐κB mediates DNA damage in hypopharyngeal carcinogenesis.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:1146–1155, 2023
Clinical characteristics of paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Diao Wenwen , Liang Ya , Gao Liming , Zhu Yingying , Zhu Xiaoli , Yu Shuting , Xia Xin , Chen Xingming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo summarize the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients with paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS).MethodsThe clinical data of 1958 patients with HNC admitted to our hospital from January 1996 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and cancer‐related characteristics were extracted. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were compared by log‐rank test. Cox regression was performed to evaluate prognostic factors and hazard ratio.ResultsTotally 40 HNC patients with PNS were included in the final analysis, including 36 men and four women with a mean age of 60.4 years (range 40–82). PNS was dermatologic or cutaneous in 23 (57.50%) patients, endocrine in 10 (25.00%), neurologic in five (12.50%), and osteoarticular or rheumatologic in two (5.00%). Twenty‐five (62.50%) patients had Stage III/IV cancer. PNS regressed after antitumor therapy in 28 (70.00%) patients. Recurrence of PNS was observed in nine of 12 (75.00%) patients with cancer recurrence or metastasis. The 5‐year overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) rates of patients with PNS were 51.52% and 44.44%, respectively. The DFS (p = .001) and OS (p = .003) of patients presented with PNS prior to HNC diagnosis were significantly longer than those of patients with synchronous or metachronous PNS. PNS diagnosed before HNC (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.85, p = .02), Stage IV disease (aHR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.18–9.05, p = .02), and smoking history (aHR: 3.69, 95% CI: 1.04–13.05, p = .04) were significantly associated with OS and DFS.ConclusionsEarly recognition of PNS could provide clues about underlying tumor condition and result in early diagnosis. Prompt detection of cancer‐associated syndromes could lead to a more favorable prognosis for these patients.
Possible clinical implications of the structural variations between the tympanic membrane quadrants
Authors: Kassem Firas , Dagan Or , Biadsee Ameen , Masalha Muhamed , Nachmani Ariela , Nageris Ben , Lee Daniel J. , Ungar Omer J. , Handzel Ophir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionRetraction pockets and marginal perforations of the pars tensa of the tympanic membrane (TM) are most commonly found at superior posterior quadrant (SPQ). The patulous Eustachian tube tends to manifest in the same quadrant. Variation in the structure of the TM may explain these observations.Material and MethodsA line defined by the manubrium was used to divide the pars tensa into anterior and posterior portions. A transverse line centered on the umbo divides the pars tensa into superior and inferior parts, resulting in four quadrants. Surface areas of each of the TM quadrants were measured in a sample of 23 human adult formalin‐fixed temporal bones. The TMs were completely excised, faced medially, and placed against graph paper to maintain scale measurements, photoed, and measured.TM thickness was measured on a different set of 20 human temporal bones (TB) preparations with normal external and middle ears. Four random loci were chosen from each pars tensa's TM quadrant. The thickness was measured using high‐magnification power microscopy.ResultsThe SPQ was the largest and thinnest of the four quadrants. It occupies 31% of the pars tensa area. It is 69 μm as compared to approximately 85 μm in the other quadrants. The radial lines between the umbo and the annulus are in descending order from superior posterior toward the anterior‐superior radials.ConclusionThe SPQ has the largest vibratory area and is the thinnest of the four TM quadrants. Variation in the thickness of the middle, fibrous layer accounts for the variation in the thickness of the TM. These findings may explain the tendency of pathologies related to Eustachian tube dysfunction to preferentially manifest in or originate from the SPQ.Level of evidence: 5
High biomass turnover rates of endosymbiotic nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria in the western Bering Sea
Authors: Cheung Shunyan , Liu Kailin , Turk‐Kubo Kendra A. , Nishioka Jun , Suzuki Koji , Landry Michael R. , Zehr Jonathan P. , Leung Szeki , Deng Lixia , Liu Hongbin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecent studies have described active nitrogen fixation in high‐latitude waters, but the ecological controls on the occurrence or activity of nitrogen‐fixing organisms (diazotrophs) in such systems remain unknown. Turnover rates and top‐down controls are also general knowledge gaps for marine diazotrophs. We detected abundant UCYN‐A (endosymbiotic nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria) in the Gulf of Anadyr, western Bering Sea, which correlated with high dissolved iron to dissolved inorganic nitrogen ratios (Fe : DIN) due to riverine input. Growth and grazing mortality of UCYN‐A sublineages were almost balanced with higher biomass‐turnover rates compared to the whole phytoplankton community, indicating selective grazing of UCYN‐A in nitrogen‐depleted waters. Grazing rates on UCYN‐A1 (small cells) were higher than for UCYN‐A2/3/4 (large cells), consistent with the general size dependence of phytoplankton growth and grazing mortality. We found that Fe : DIN is a major determinant of UCYN‐A abundances in high‐latitude waters, where UCYN‐A could make substantial contributions to plankton food‐web cycling.
Reversible Complexation Mediated Living Radical Polymerization Using Tetraalkylammonium Chloride Catalysts
Authors: Han Shuaiyuan , Zheng Yichao , Sarkar Jit , Niino Hiroshi , Chatani Shunsuke , Goto Atsushi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work reports the first use of organic chloride salts as catalysts for reversible complexation mediated living radical polymerization. Owing to the strong halogen‐bond forming ability of Cl−, the studied four tetraalkylammonium chloride catalysts (R4N+Cl−) successfully control the polymerizations of methyl methacrylate, yielding polymers with low dispersities up to high monomer conversion (>90%). Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium chloride is further exploited to other methacrylates and yields low‐dispersity block copolymers. The advantages of the chloride salt catalysts are wide monomer scope, good livingness, accessibility to block copolymers, and good solubility in organic media. Because of the good solubility, the use of the chloride salt catalysts can prevent agglomeration of catalysts on reactor walls in organic media, which is an industrially attractive feature. Among halide anions, chloride anion is the most abundant and least expensive halide anion, and therefore, the use of the chloride salt catalysts may lower the cost of the polymerization.
Towards an Enrichment Optimization Algorithm (EOA)‐based Target Specific Docking Functions for Virtual Screening
Authors: Spiegel Jacob , Senderowitz Hanoch 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDocking‐based virtual screening (VS) is a common starting point in many drug discovery projects. While ligand‐based approaches may sometimes provide better results, the advantage of docking lies in its ability to provide reliable ligand binding modes and approximated binding free energies, two factors that are important for hit selection and optimization. Most docking programs were developed to be as general as possible and consequently their performances on specific targets may be sub‐optimal. With this in mind, in this work we present a method for the development of target‐specific scoring functions using our recently reported Enrichment Optimization Algorithm (EOA). EOA derives QSAR models in the form of multiple linear regression (MLR) equations by optimizing an enrichment‐like metric. Since EOA requires target‐specific active and inactive (or decoy) compounds, we retrieved such data for six targets from the DUD‐E database, and used them to re‐derive the weights associated with the components that make up GOLD's ChemPLP scoring function yielding target‐specific, modified functions. We then used the original ChemPLP function in small‐scale VS experiments on the six targets and subsequently rescored the resulting poses with the modified functions. In addition, we used the modified functions for compounds re‐docking. We found that in many although not all cases, either rescoring the original ChemPLP poses or repeating the entire docking process with the modified functions, yielded better results in terms of AUC and EF1%, two metrics, common for the evaluation of VS performances. While work on additional datasets and docking tools is clearly required, we propose that the results obtained thus far hint to the potential benefits in using EOA‐based optimization for the derivation of target‐specific functions in the context of virtual screening. To this end, we discuss the downsides of the methods and how it could be improved.
Development and experimental analysis of polymer based composite bipolar plate usingAquila Taguchioptimization: Design of experiments
Authors: Raja S. , Verma Akarsh , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the proton exchange membrane fuel cells, the bipolar plates (BPs) are being widely used in multifunctional mode. They have many unique properties, including prevention of coolant and gas leakages, dissipation of heat from active portions, distribution of air, gas, and fuel uniformly, electric current conduction between cell to cell as a chain, etc. This experimental work was intense to fabricate polymer‐based composite bipolar plates using hybrid combinations. Composites are prepared by using carbon black (CB), glass fiber (GF), and graphite (G) with epoxy and silicone resins. The mixing of composite materials with resins is controlled by the Aquila Taguchi optimization (ATO) method through the L16 Orthogonal Array (OA). Mixing parameters are chosen as rotational speed (20, 30, 40, and 50 rpm), mixing time (10, 15, 20, and 25 min), and mixing temperature (25, 30, 35, and 40°C). Influencing these parameters increases the electrical conductivity (S/cm) and flexural strength (MPa) of the newly prepared bipolar plate composites. From this analysis, highest electrical conductivity is obtained, such as 268.361 S/cm. Similarly, extreme flexural strength occurred at 134.90 MPa.