bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of work-related interventions for return to work in people on sick leave: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tingulstad Alexander , Meneses-Echavez Jose , Evensen Line Holtet , Bjerk Maria , Berg Rigmor C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Long-term sick leave is a serious concern in developed countries and the cost of sickness absence and disability benefits cause major challenges for both the individual and society as a whole. Despite an increasing body of research reported by existing systematic reviews, there is uncertainty regarding the effect on return to work of workrelated interventions for workers with different diagnoses. The objective of this systematic review was to assess and summarize available research about the effects of work-related interventions for people on long-term sick leave and those at risk of long-term sick leave.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review in accordance with international guidelines. Campbell Collaboration (Area: Social Welfare), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Epistemonikos, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts were systematically searched in March 2021. Two authors independently screened the studies. We conducted risk of bias assessments and meta-analyses of the available evidence in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The remaining comparisons were synthesized narratively. The certainty of evidence for each outcome was assessed.

Results
We included 20 RCTs comprising 5753 participants at baseline from 4 different countries. The studies had generally low risk of bias. Our certainty in the effect estimates ranged from very low to moderate. Eight different interventions were identified. Meta-analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between multidisciplinary rehabilitation (MR) and usual care (US) (Risk Ratio [RR] 1.01; Confidence Interval [CI] 95% 0.70-1.48 at 12 months follow-up) and between MR and other active intervention (Risk Ratio [RR] 1.04; Confidence Interval [CI] 95% 0.86-1.25 at 12 months follow-up). Remaining intervention groups revealed marginal, or no effect compared to the control group. The results for the secondary outcomes (self-efficacy, symptom reduction, function, cost-effectiveness) showed varied and small effects in the intervention groups.

Conclusion
Overall, the present data showed no conclusive evidence of which work-related intervention is most effective for return to work. However, a handful of potential interventions exist, that may contribute to a foundation for future research. Our findings support the need for adequately powered and methodologically strong studies.
Asymptotic behavior of solution curves of nonlocal one-dimensional elliptic equations
Authors: Shibata Tetsutaro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study the one-dimensional nonlocal elliptic equation $$\begin{aligned}& -A\bigl( \bigl\Vert u' \bigr\Vert _{p}^{p} \bigr) u''(x) = \lambda B\bigl( \bigl\Vert u' \bigr\Vert _{q}^{q} \bigr)u(x)^{r} , \quad x \in I:= (0,1), u(x) > 0, x \in I, \\& u(0) = u(1) = 0, \end{aligned}$$

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Fundamental Discrepancy of Chemical Reactivity of Tricalcium Oxy Silicate (alite), Dicalcium Silicate (Belite), and Their Polymorphs: A Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Kim Seungchan , Lee Yangwoo , Plank J. , Moon Juhyuk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTricalcium oxy silicate (C3S) and dicalcium silicate (C2S) are the major constituents of cement. In this study, the reactivity of polymorphs of calcium silicates is quantitatively investigated using Density Functional Theory. The result of combining the DFT calculation and the Bader charge analysis elucidates that the main difference in reactivity between C3S and C2S is the presence of oxy ions in C3S which has smaller partial charge compared to that of other oxygen in the crystals. For the C3S, the reactivity of among different C3S polymorphs is decisively affected by the Bader charge of oxy ions. In contrast, total internal energy of C2S determines the quantitative chemical reactivity of C2S polymorphs. This result suggests that oxy ion has more dominant impact on the thermodynamic stability of calcium silicates. Furthermore, total energy can be used to estimate the chemical reactivity of calcium silicates, where there is no oxy ion exists.
Occurrence of asymptomatic malaria infection and living conditions in the lowlands of Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Goshu Endale Mengesha , Zerefa Meseret Dessalegne , Tola Habteyes Hailu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
A significant decline in malaria burden was documented in previously high burden African countries. Even though the global decline in malaria burden is significant, about 95% of it was typically found in 29 African countries and the decline was affected by COVID-19 in 2020. The considerable reduction in malaria incidence was noted due to effective prevention and treatment efforts, and rapid changes in living conditions. The relationship between the occurrence of asymptomatic malaria infection and household living conditions is well unstudied. This study aimed to determine the association between household living conditions and the occurrence of asymptomatic malaria in the lowlands of Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to March 2021 in twelve villages of Gambella, Southern Nation Nationalities and People Region and Afar in Ethiopia. A total of 1366 households were randomly selected, interviewed, and tested for malaria by rapid diagnostic test and blood film microscopic examination. Multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the independent association between living conditions and asymptomatic malaria infection.

Results
The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection among individuals living in dwellings built with traditional floor/wall/roof ranges from 8.1% to 8.4% while it ranges from 2.0% to 4.6% among those living in modern floor/wall/roof houses. Dwellings built with traditional wall materials (P = 0.050), spending nights with cattle in the same house (P < 0.001), and availability of kitchen in the main house with no partition (P = 0.004) were significantly associated with asymptomatic malaria infection.

Conclusions
Asymptomatic malaria infection was 4.3 times higher among occupants residing in dwellings built with traditional wall materials; 5.6 times higher among households spending nights with cattle in the same house, and 2.3 times higher among households with kitchen in the main house with no partition. Therefore, policies and strategies on malaria elimination need to address or target improvements of the above listed living conditions for the community. A multi sectoral action is required to use these social determinants as a vector control strategic addition; and malaria elimination programs are expected to coordinate the implementation.
Purkinje cell vulnerability induced by diffuse traumatic brain injury is linked to disruption of long-range neuronal circuits
Authors: Özen Ilknur , Mai Hongcheng , De Maio Alessandro , Ruscher Karsten , Michalettos Georgios , Clausen Fredrik , Gottschalk Michael , Ansar Saema , Arkan Sertan , Erturk Ali , Marklund Niklas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCerebellar dysfunction is commonly observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI). While direct impact to the cerebellum by TBI is rare, cerebellar pathology may be caused by indirect injury via cortico-cerebellar pathways. To address the hypothesis that degeneration of Purkinje cells (PCs), which constitute the sole output from the cerebellum, is linked to long-range axonal injury and demyelination, we used the central fluid percussion injury (cFPI) model of widespread traumatic axonal injury in mice. Compared to controls, TBI resulted in early PC loss accompanied by alterations in the size of pinceau synapses and levels of non-phosphorylated neurofilament in PCs. A combination of vDISCO tissue clearing technique and immunohistochemistry for vesicular glutamate transporter type 2 show that diffuse TBI decreased mossy and climbing fiber synapses on PCs. At 2 days post-injury, numerous axonal varicosities were found in the cerebellum supported by fractional anisotropy measurements using 9.4 T MRI. The disruption and demyelination of the cortico-cerebellar circuits was associated with poor performance of brain-injured mice in the beam-walk test. Despite a lack of direct input from the injury site to the cerebellum, these findings argue for novel long-range mechanisms causing Purkinje cell injury that likely contribute to cerebellar dysfunction after TBI.
Dual-mode SERS-based lateral flow assay strips for simultaneous diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza a virus
Authors: Lu Mengdan , Joung Younju , Jeon Chang Su , Kim Sunjoo , Yong Dongeun , Jang Hyowon , Pyun Sung Hyun , Kang Taejoon , Choo Jaebum 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince COVID-19 and flu have similar symptoms, they are difficult to distinguish without an accurate diagnosis. Therefore, it is critical to quickly and accurately determine which virus was infected and take appropriate treatments when a person has an infection. This study developed a dual-mode surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based LFA strip that can diagnose SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus with high accuracy to reduce the false-negative problem of the commercial colorimetric LFA strip. Furthermore, using a single strip, it is feasible to detect SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus simultaneously. A clinical test was performed on 39 patient samples (28 SARS-CoV-2 positives, 6 influenza A virus positives, and 5 negatives), evaluating the clinical efficacy of the proposed dual-mode SERS-LFA strip. Our assay results for clinical samples show that the dual-mode LFA strip significantly reduced the false-negative rate for both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus.
Development and implementation of an online community as a strategy for mixed methods research during a pandemic
Authors: Shea Lisa , Bushen Jennifer , Ahmad Nina , Geonnotti Gabrielle , LaMori Joy , Terrey Stephanie , Gonzalez Pepa , Shuman Jill 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConducting mixed methods research is critical for healthcare researchers to understand attitudes, behaviors, and experiences on health-related topics, such as vaccine acceptance. As the COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult to employ traditional, face-to-face qualitative methodologies, this paper describes the use of a virtual platform to conduct person-centered research. To overcome these challenges and better understand the attitudes and behaviors of vaccine-eligible individuals in the United States, an online health community called the Virtual Engagement Research Community (VERC) was designed and implemented. Using the Health Belief Model as a framework, the VERC employed a mixed methods approach to elicit insights, which included discussion topics, rapid polls, and surveys. Throughout the initial enrollment period of April–October 2021, continuous improvement efforts were made to bolster recruitment and member engagement. This agile research strategy was successful in utilizing mixed methods to capture community sentiments regarding vaccines. While this community focused on vaccination, the methodology holds promise for other areas of health research such as obesity, HIV, mental health disorders, and diabetes.
The cholera outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: challenges, efforts and recommendations
Authors: Naveed Aiman , Umer Mohammad , Ehsan Muhammad , Ayyan Muhammad , Shahid Abia , Zahid Afra , Essar Mohammad Yasir , Cheema Huzaifa Ahmad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Punjab health authorities have declared a cholera outbreak with over 2000 acute diarrheal cases being reported in Lahore in April 2022 and 25 laboratory-confirmed cases as of 27 May 2022. Overpopulation, poor sanitation, and a substandard water drainage system contribute to the spread of cholera. The increasing hydro-toxicity of underground water is another challenge to the disease spread. The lack of public awareness about the disease and their poor hygiene practices serve as a portal for the disease to spread to humans. There is a need to establish an effective surveillance system, increase public awareness, and implement the WHO-recommended plan for cholera control. This includes the provision of drugs and diagnostic kits to healthcare centres, the supply of clean water, and the development of a drainage system for sewage and rainwater.
Myocardial protection with histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution in comparison with hypothermic hyperkalemic blood solution in the correction of acyanotic congenital heart diseases
Authors: Ali Ahmed M. , Seif Elnasr Gihan , Kamal Manal M. , Aboseif Eman M. , Abdel Twab Samar M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Intraoperative myocardial preservation is essential in pediatric cardiac surgeries. The combination of hypothermia and hyperkalemic cardioplegia is commonly used. Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK–Custodiol) is a long-acting crystalloid cardioplegia which induces cardiac arrest by reducing the extracellular sodium concentration. Cold blood cardioplegia has many modifications differing in the blood: crystalloid ratio, buffers, substrates, and final potassium concentration which induces cardiac arrest in diastole as the main role. We compared cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate crystalloid (HTK) solution with hypothermic hyperkalemic blood (HHB) cardioplegia solution regarding their efficacy in myocardial preservation in patients undergoing total repair of non-cyanotic congenital cardiac defects. We assessed postoperative cardiac troponin level, myocardial function, inotropic support, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, hospital length of stay, and the incidence of prolonged postoperative mechanical ventilation as indicators of myocardial protection.

Results
This interventional, single-blinded, randomized, comparative, and prospective clinical study was conducted randomly on 60 patients, aged between 6 and 24 months undergoing total surgical repair. We found no statistically significant difference regarding patients’ personal, demographics, and operative details (surgery duration, cardiopulmonary bypass time, aorta clamp time). However, patients who were given HTK cardioplegia were found to stay less in the ICU (with a p value <0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups as regards hospital length of stay. Also, all patients were extubated in less than 24-h duration. There was a statistically significant difference between both groups regarding troponin levels after 8, 12, and 24 h post-bypass in favor of the HHB solution. Interestingly, no significant correlation was proved between both groups regarding myocardial function (EF%, FS) and level of inotropic support (assessed by maximum vasoactive inotropic score).

Conclusions
Hypothermic hyperkalemic blood cardioplegia showed better results in myocardial preservation than the cold histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution in the repair of noncyanotic congenital cardiac defects.

Trial registration
Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, PACTR202109777317416. Registered on 28 September 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=16154
Combining abilities and genetic parameters for grain yield and some agronomic traits in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Habiba Rehab Mohamed Mohamed , El-Diasty Mohamed Zakaria , Aly Rizk Salah Hassanin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe improvement of maize hybrids relies on significant genetic variability among the inbred lines used and the degree to which it is transferred to progeny. Understanding the genetic parameters and heritability of traits in every population is an essential precondition for selection program. This study was designed to estimate the magnitude of genetic parameters and heritability of traits in line × tester mating design. Fifteen yellow maize inbred lines derived from different sources were crossed with two lines as tester i.e., Gm-1001 and Gm-1002 in 2019 summer season. During 2020 season, the resulted 30 crosses along with check hybrid SC-168 were evaluated in a yield trial at two locations: Gemmeiza and Sids Agric. Res. Station.ResultsThe mean squares among two locations were highly significant for all studied traits except KR−1. TheL1andL3had the best general combiners for GY ard fed−1. In addition, theT1as a tester was a GCA effects good combiner for earliness, shorter plants and lower ear placement traits. WhileT2was good combiner for grain yield and some of attributes. CrossesL5×T1andL7×T2had positive and significant SCA effects for grain yield. The GCA variances were higher than SCA variances for all studied traits except for ED trait, indicating that additive genetic variance played the major role than non-additive genetic variance in the inheritance of these traits. Generally, phenotypic coefficient of variability was higher than genotypic coefficient of variability for all studied traits, suggesting that there was an influence by environments in the expression of these traits. Recorded heritability percentage in broad sense ranged from low for (ear position%, no. of ears/100 plants, ear diameter and grain yield) traits, medium for (days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height and no. of kernels/row) traits to moderate high for ear length trait.ConclusionOur investigation concluded that most of the studied lines exhibited highly general combiners and the superior crosses were as a result of a good × good combiner for most of yield components traits.
Atypical angiofibroma: a very rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Mustafa Ahmad , Yared Tamar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Extranasopharyngeal angiofibroma (ENPA) has been stratified to nodules consisting of blood vessels and fibrous tissue, which occur outside the nasopharynx. ENPA is histologically similar to nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (NA), differing in clinical and epidemiologic characteristics. Since these differences, ENPA considers as a diagnostic challenge and a painstaking appraisal with a high index of doubt is major in determining the true diagnosis and treatment. Fewer than a hundred cases of “atypical angiofibroma” are represented in the international literature, with only 6 cases having been reported previously about ENPA originating from the nasal septum.

Case presentation
We submit a summarized literature review with a case of ENPA emerging from the nasal septum in a 6-year-old child. Under general anesthesia and endoscopically, the mass that emerged from the septum was resected. Histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of ENPA. No recurrence over 1 year after surgery. Our patient had an age of onset and site of lesion different from most ENPAs, supporting the rareness of this case.

Conclusion
Our aim is to shed light on a very rare clinical presentation, describe the diagnostic and therapeutic workup, and suggest that ENPA must be regarded as a differential diagnosis with any complaint of nasal occlusion and epistaxis accompanied by a unilateral nasal tumor.
A Through-Intact-Skull (TIS) chronic window technique for cortical structure and function observation in mice
Authors: Li Dongyu , Hu Zhengwu , Zhang Hequn , Yang Qihang , Zhu Liang , Liu Yin , Yu Tingting , Zhu Jingtan , Wu Jiamin , He Jing , Fei Peng , Xi Wang , Qian Jun , Zhu Dan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModern optical imaging techniques provide powerful tools for observing cortical structure and functions at high resolutions. Various skull windows have been established for different applications of cortical imaging, and each has its advantages and limitations. Most critical of the limitations, none of the current skull windows is suitable for observing the responses to some acute craniocerebral injuries on a large scale and at high resolution. Here, we developed a “Through-Intact-Skull (TIS) window” that enables the observation of an immune response on a bilateral cortical scale and at single-cell resolution after traumatic brain injury without affecting the pathological environment of the brain. The TIS window also has the advantages of craniotomy-freeness, centimeter-field of view, synaptic resolution, large imaging depth, long-term observation capability, and suitability for awake mice. Therefore, the TIS window is a promising new approach for intravital cortical microscopy in basic research in neuroscience.
European Psychiatric Association guidance on treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia
Authors: Vita Antonio , Gaebel Wolfgang , Mucci Armida , Sachs Gabriele , Barlati Stefano , Giordano Giulia Maria , Nibbio Gabriele , Nordentoft Merete , Wykes Til , Galderisi Silvana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Although cognitive impairment is a core symptom of schizophrenia related to poorer outcomes in different functional domains, it still remains a major therapeutic challenge. To date, no comprehensive treatment guidelines for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia are implemented.

Methods
The aim of the present guidance paper is to provide a comprehensive meta-review of the current available evidence-based treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The guidance is structured into three sections: pharmacological treatment, psychosocial interventions, and somatic treatments.

Results
Based on the reviewed evidence, this European Psychiatric Association guidance recommends an appropriate pharmacological management as a fundamental starting point in the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. In particular, second-generation antipsychotics are recommended for their favorable cognitive profile compared to first-generation antipsychotics, although no clear superiority of a single second-generation antipsychotic has currently been found. Anticholinergic and benzodiazepine burdens should be kept to a minimum, considering the negative impact on cognitive functioning. Among psychosocial interventions, cognitive remediation and physical exercise are recommended for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques could be taken into account as add-on therapy.

Conclusions
Overall, there is definitive progress in the field, but further research is needed to develop specific treatments for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of shared guidelines concerning the treatment of cognitive functions in schizophrenia, with the purpose to improve the quality of care and to achieve recovery in this population.