bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Pore‐Gradient Silica Aerogel Balancing Heat and Water Management for Efficient Solar‐Driven Water Evaporation
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Chang Qing , Li Ning , Xue Chaorui , Zhang Huinian , Yang Jinlong , Hu Shengliang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEfficient heat and water management are two essential aspects for enhancing solar‐driven water evaporation. Here, an efficient strategy to synchronously achieve desired heat and water management based on hierarchical pore‐gradient silica aerogel (HPSA) support that consists of large‐pores at top regions, small‐pores at bottom regions, and a porous wall constructed by mesoporous silica nanoparticles is demonstrated. The small‐pores at bottom regions enable capillary pumping capability, while the large‐pores at the top regions strengthen light capture and facilitate water/vapor transport. Additionally, the random distribution of super‐large pores and the porous wall further promote water supply and diffusion. The unique nanostructure enables the conceived HPSA to show desirable advantages of minimized heat loss, fast water transport, and reduced water evaporation enthalpy. After coating with the photothermal material of carbon dots/polydopamine, a high evaporation rate of 1.95 kg m–2 h–1 under 1 sun is achieved for the HPSA evaporator, which exhibits significant superiority in promoting solar‐driven water evaporation efficiency compared to a balsa wood and melamine sponge evaporator. In addition, the designed HPSA evaporator presents high recyclability and excellent salt resistance capacity in high‐salinity brine (15 wt%), holding great promise for practical solar‐driven water evaporation applications.
Design of Improved Molecular Solar‐Thermal Systems by Mechanochemistry: The Case of Azobenzene
Authors: Nucci Martina , Núñez Alejandro , Frutos Luis Manuel , Marazzi Marco 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMolecular solar‐thermal systems (MOST) have emerged in these last years as a novel concept to store solar light. They rely on two state molecular switches that can absorb a photon to convert the initial state A to a higher‐in‐energy state B. The chemical energy stored by B can be then released to reconstitute A. Although simple in its principle, an optimal MOST needs to satisfy several requirements: incoming photon energy in the solar spectrum range, high photoreaction quantum yield, high storage density, no degradation. The first challenge is therefore the search for molecular switches that accomplish all such properties. Until now, trial‐and‐error experiments have been performed, led by physicochemical intuition. The result is that most of the initially proposed switches have been abandoned in favor of the preferred norbornadiene/quadricyclane system, together with its derivatives. Nevertheless, most of the solar spectrum is still out of the MOST absorption region, hence requiring novel approaches. Here, it is shown how mechanochemistry can be applied to improve the principally desired characteristics of a MOST: photon absorption energy, storage energy, and thermal B‐to‐A energy barrier. It is especially shown how azobenzene—a paradigmatic photoswitch still attracting much attention—can be proposed, within certain limits, as a MOST when applying external forces.
Donor–Acceptor Modification of Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Gao Shiyu , Wan Sijie , Yu Jiaguo , Cao Shaowen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe construction of conjugated copolymers with a donor–acceptor (D–A) system has emerged as a promising strategy for improving photocatalytic activity. Herein, a donor–acceptor modified carbon nitride (CN) conjugated copolymer is fabricated via facile thermal copolymerization of 2‐aminobenzimidazole (abIM) and urea. The experimental results demonstrate that the abIM units are successfully incorporated into the framework of CN and the main chemical structure of CN is still preserved. These abIM units can serve as electron acceptors, extending the π‐conjugated system and inducing the intramolecular charge transfer via an internal electric field. As a result, the construction of D–A structure not only improves the optical utilization efficiency but also facilitates the intramolecular migration of electrons and holes, leading to enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (2566 µmol g−1 h−1) as compared to pristine CN. This work provides a simple but effective method for preparing high‐performance carbon nitride photocatalysts.
European consumers' valuation for hybrid meat: Does information matter?
Authors: Asioli Daniele , Banovic Marija , Barone Ada Maria , Grasso Simona , Nayga Rodolfo M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigates for the first time how the use of different information messages (i.e., health, sensory, and convenience benefits) about hybrid meat shapes British, Spanish, and Danish consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for such products. Hybrid meats are products whereby a proportion of the meat has been replaced by plant‐based proteins. Using a choice experiment (CE) involving hybrid burgers that vary across four attributes (i.e., ingredient, fat content, Carbon Trust label, and price), our results show that consumers are generally not yet willing to pay a premium for such new products. Furthermore, we found that consumer valuation for hybrid burgers strongly depends on the type of information provided and consumer characteristics. These findings provide useful guidelines on how information can be used in communicating the nature of the hybrid meats to the public in a cross‐country context.
Identifying essential critical infrastructure workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic using standardized industry codes
Authors: Billock Rachael M. , Haring Sweeney Marie , Steege Andrea L. , Michaels Ryan , Luckhaupt Sara E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) produced an advisory list identifying essential critical infrastructure workers (ECIW) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) response. The CISA advisory list is the most common national definition of ECIW but has not been mapped to United States (U.S.) Census industry codes (CICs) to readily identify these worker populations in public health data sources.MethodsWe identified essential critical infrastructure industry designations corresponding to v4.0 of the CISA advisory list for all six‐digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes and cross‐walked NAICS codes to CICs. CICs were grouped as essential, non‐essential, or mixed essential/non‐essential according to component NAICS industries. We also obtained national estimated population sizes for NAICS and Census industries and cross‐tabulated Census industry and occupation codes to identify industry‐occupation pairs.ResultsWe produced and made publicly available spreadsheets containing essential industry designations corresponding to v4.0 of the CISA advisory list for NAICS and Census industry titles and codes and population estimates by six‐digit NAICS industry, Census industry, and Census industry‐occupation pair. The CISA advisory list is highly inclusive and contains most industries and U.S. workers; 71.0% of Census industries comprising 80.6% of workers and 80.7% of NAICS industries comprising 87.1% of workers were designated as essential.ConclusionsWe identified workers in essential critical infrastructure industries as defined by CISA using standardized industry codes. These classifications may support public health interventions and analyses related to the COVID‐19 pandemic and future public health crises.
The antioxidant effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Ashrasi date palm on sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation in diabetic rats
Authors: Hosseinipour Morteza , Asgari Rezvan , Kermani Javid , Goodarzi Nader , Bakhtiari Mitra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes‐induced oxidative stress can have adverse effects on sperm and its DNA integrity. The Ashrasi date palm (ADP) has potent antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of ADP hydroalcoholic extract on sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in diabetic rats.MethodsForty male rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7): 1, control; 2, diabetic; 3–5, diabetic + ADP (30, 90 and 270 mg/kg for groups 3, 4 and 5, respectively). After preparation of ADP extract and its phytochemical screening, it was administered orally to rats, once a day for 5 weeks. At the end of the study, sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in all groups were investigated.ResultsAt doses of 90 and 270 mg/kg, ADP extract significantly increased the sperm viability compared to diabetic group 2 (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively) and resulted in a significant decrease in immotile sperm (p = 0.002 and p = 0.006, respectively). At a dose of 270 mg/kg, a considerable enhancement of forward sperm motility was observed (p = 0.04) and there was a significant decrease in sperm DNA fragmentation (p = 0.04).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study show for the first time that the hydroalcoholic extract of ADP has protective and antioxidant effects against diabetes‐induced oxidative stress and can improve sperm parameters and protect sperm DNA integrity.
Ultraviolet/Visible Light Regulated Protein Transport Gate Constructed by Pillar[6]arene‐based Host‐Guest System
Authors: Yang Lei , Zhang Fan , Chen Chunxiu , Liu Zhisheng , Liu Lu , Li Haibing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProtein transport is an interesting and intrinsic life feature that is highly relevant to physiology and disease in living beings. Herein, inspired by nature, based on the supramolecular host‐guest interaction, we have introduced the classical azobenzene light switches and L‐phenylalanine derived pillar[6]arene (L‐Phe‐P6) into the artificial nanochannel to construct light‐responsive nanochannels that could regulate protein transport effectively under the control of ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) light. The light‐controlled distribution of L‐Phe‐P6 in the channel led to the difference in surface charges in the nanochannel, which eventually brought the difference in protein transport. This research may not only provide a convenient theoretical model for biological research, but also a flexible light‐responsive protein transport model, which will play a crucial role in light‐controlled release of protein drugs and so on.
Joining the PARty: PARP Regulation of KDM5A during DNA Repair (and Transcription?)
Authors: Sanchez Anthony , Buck‐Koehntop Bethany A. , Miller Kyle M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe lysine demethylase KDM5A collaborates with PARP1 and the histone variant macroH2A1.2 to modulate chromatin to promote DNA repair. Indeed, KDM5A engages poly(ADP‐ribose) (PAR) chains at damage sites through a previously uncharacterized coiled‐coil domain, a novel binding mode for PAR interactions. While KDM5A is a well‐known transcriptional regulator, its function in DNA repair is only now emerging. Here we review the molecular mechanisms that regulate this PARP1‐macroH2A1.2‐KDM5A axis in DNA damage and consider the potential involvement of this pathway in transcription regulation and cancer. Using KDM5A as an example, we discuss how multifunctional chromatin proteins transition between several DNA‐based processes, which must be coordinated to protect the integrity of the genome and epigenome. The dysregulation of chromatin and loss of genome integrity that is prevalent in human diseases including cancer may be related and could provide opportunities to target multitasking proteins with these pathways as therapeutic strategies.
Spontaneous tension pneumothorax as a complication of Coronavirus disease 2019: Case report and literature review
Authors: Ata Fateen , Yousaf Zohaib , Farsakoury Rana , Khan Adeel Ahmad , Arshad Abdullah , Omran Maya , Ananthegowda Dore Chikkahanasoge , Khatib Mohamad , Chughtai Talat Saeed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrimary spontaneous tension pneumothorax (STP) is a rare and life‐threatening condition. We report a case of COVID‐19‐pneumonia patient who developed STP as a complication. He had a prolonged hospital stay and was ultimately discharged asymptomatic. A systematic literature search was performed to review studies (N=12) reporting STP in the setting of COVID‐19.
Double‐Network Ionogel Electrolyte with Superior Mechanical Performance and High Safety for Flexible Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zhen , Chu Lin , Li Suli , Chen Weiping , Li Ziyong , Guo Panlong , Hu Renzong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe development of high‐performance solid‐state electrolytes to replace conventional liquid organic electrolytes has received intensive attention because of the improvements in the safety, flexibility, reliability, and cycling stability of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). In this work, we present a double‐network ionogel electrolyte (DNIE) through the preparation of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs). This DNIE exhibits good mechanical properties, excellent flexibility, nonflammability, high ionic conductivity (4.13×10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature), electrochemical stability (>4.8 V), and the ability to suppress Li dendrite formation. The Li/LiFePO4 cell assembled with the DNIE exhibits superior cycling performance while also delivering a steady high discharge capacity of 133.7 mAh g−1 and a Coulombic efficiency of 99.8 % after 220 cycles at a charge/discharge rate of 0.2 C. Importantly, the DNIE(200 %)‐20 % electrolytes can be prepared on the surface of graphite anodes through in situ gelling, which can improve the stability of the active layer and the adhesion between the active layer and current collector in mechanical bending at different angles. After assembling into soft‐packed batteries in the configuration of LiCoO2|DNIE(200 %)‐20 %|graphite via the in situ gelling of DNIE(200 %)‐20 % on the surface of the graphite electrode, the flexible batteries showed excellent cycling stability (capacity retention >98 %) even when folded more than 100 times.
Suppressing Electrode Crosstalk and Prolonging Cycle Life in High‐Voltage Li Ion Batteries: Pivotal Role of Fluorophosphates in Electrolytes
Authors: Klein Sven , Haneke Lukas , Harte Patrick , Stolz Lukas , van Wickeren Stefan , Borzutzki Kristina , Nowak Sascha , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias , Kasnatscheew Johannes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHigh‐voltage Li ion batteries are compromised by lower cycle life due to enhanced degradation of cathode material, for example LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523). Crucial part is the initiated electrode crosstalk, that is transition metal (TM) dissolution from the cathode and subsequent deposition on the anode, as it forces formation of high surface area lithium, capacity losses and risk of Li dendrite penetration, finally leading to an abrupt end‐of‐life (=rollover failure). Hence, suppression of this failure cascade is the pivotal strategy to prolong cycle life. A pragmatic approach was presented: the electrolyte manipulation towards formation/presence of fluorophosphates, as they effectively suppressed electrode crosstalk through TM scavenging. Either, they could be intrinsically formed, e. g. by elimination of ethylene carbonate (EC) solvent (=EC‐free electrolyte), or simply externally added, e. g. using (good‐soluble) lithium difluorophosphate electrolyte additive. Their effectiveness was demonstrated for conventional EC‐based and EC‐free electrolytes at limiting conditions (4.5 and 4.6 V, respectively). In parallel to supportive approach combinations (e. g. coating), also destructive combinations were highlighted, that is approaches, which even decrease the fluorophosphate content, e. g. vinylene carbonate additive in EC‐free electrolytes. Finally, by demonstrating the value of (concentration‐optimized) fluorophosphates, appropriate benchmark electrolyte formulations for high‐voltage LIBs were discussed.
A Facile Synthesis of Highly Efficient MXene Supported CoMoS Catalysts for Hydrodesulfurization
Authors: Vinoba Mari , Al‐Sheeha Hanadi , AlSairafi Sakeena H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATM) and 2D‐layer MXene support were used to prepare more efficient MoS2 catalysts with cobalt promoter for the elimination of sulfur atoms in thiophene. A series of well‐dispersed and highly active MoS2 and Co−Mo−S phase on MXene catalysts were derived by thermal activation of precursors varying promoter cobalt to molybdenum molar ratio up to 0.6. The physicochemical properties of synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, TPR, SEM/EDS, XPS, HRTEM, and Raman spectroscopy. The as‐prepared MoS2/MXene and Co−MoS2/MXene catalysts were examined for thiophene hydrodesulfurization (HDS) at 300–400 °C. The synergetic effect between Co and few‐layer MoS2 on MXene, enhanced their HDS activity to ∼ 20.6 mmol g−1 h−1 with an excellent turnover frequency of about 55 h−1 achieved on Co−MoS2/MXene catalysts, which were 8‐fold higher than the conventional CoMoS/alumina catalyst. Co−MoS2/MXene catalysts produce high butenes selectivity ∼73% at low temperature, whereas, at high‐temperature alkane levels were increased ∼42% in CoMoS phase through hydrogen activation. Hence, the few‐layer MoS2 obtained from ATM and promoter Co intercalated MXene catalysts enhances the rate of C−S bond cleavage in HDS, and the result is scrubbing a large volume of sulfur atoms in clean fuel processes.
Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Modeling of the Effect of Abrocitinib on QT Intervals in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Wang Xiaoxing , Gupta Pankaj , Malhotra Bimal K. , Farooqui Saleem Ashley , Le Vu H. , Wojciechowski Jessica , Mukherjee Arnab , Nicholas Timothy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAbrocitinib is a selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor for the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (AD). To assess the relationship between abrocitinib plasma concentrations and heart rate (HR)–corrected QT (QTc) and HR and calculate the effect of abrocitinib on these parameters at supratherapeutic concentrations, 36 healthy volunteers received single doses of abrocitinib 600 mg, placebo, and moxifloxacin 400 mg in a 3‐period crossover study. The relationship between change from baseline in Fridericia‐corrected QTc (∆QTcF) values and abrocitinib plasma concentrations was modeled using a prespecified linear mixed‐effects model. The 90%CIs for time‐matched placebo‐corrected ∆QTcF (∆∆QTcF) were calculated from model parameter estimates and assessed against the regulatory threshold (10 millisecond) at the predicted supratherapeutic concentration in patients with atopic dermatitis (2156 ng/mL). Mean (90%CI) time‐matched placebo‐corrected change from baseline in HR (∆∆HR) was calculated similarly. At the supratherapeutic concentration, mean (90%CI) estimates for ∆∆QTcF and ∆∆HR were 6.00 (4.52‐7.49) milliseconds and 6.51 (5.23‐7.80) bpm, respectively. Despite a concentration‐dependent effect on ∆QTcF and ∆HR, with statistically significant slopes (90%CI) of 0.0026 (0.0018‐0.0035) milliseconds/(ng/mL) and 0.0031 (0.0024‐0.0038) bpm/(ng/mL), respectively, abrocitinib does not have a clinically significant effect on QTc interval or HR at supratherapeutic exposures.
AktAR and Akt‐STOPS: Genetically Encodable Molecular Tools to Visualize and Perturb Akt Kinase Activity at Different Subcellular Locations in Living Cells
Authors: Zhou Xin , Mehta Sohum , Zhang Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe serine/threonine protein kinase Akt integrates diverse upstream inputs to regulate cell survival, growth, metabolism, migration, and differentiation. Mounting evidence suggests that Akt activity is differentially regulated depending on its subcellular location, which can include the plasma membrane, endomembrane, and nuclear compartment. This spatial control of Akt activity is critical for achieving signaling specificity and proper physiological functions, and deregulation of compartment‐specific Akt signaling is implicated in various diseases, including cancer and diabetes. Understanding the spatial coordination of the signaling network centered around this key kinase and the underlying regulatory mechanisms requires precise tracking of Akt activity at distinct subcellular compartments within its native biological contexts. To address this challenge, new molecular tools are being developed, enabling us to directly interrogate the spatiotemporal regulation of Akt in living cells. These include, for instance, the newly developed genetically encodable fluorescent‐protein‐based Akt kinase activity reporter (AktAR2), which serves as a substrate surrogate of Akt kinase and translates Akt‐specific phosphorylation into a quantifiable change in Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). In addition, we developed the Akt substrate tandem occupancy peptide sponge (Akt‐STOPS), which allows biochemical perturbation of subcellular Akt activity. Both molecular tools can be readily targeted to distinct subcellular localizations. Here, we describe a workflow to study Akt kinase activity at different subcellular locations in living cells. We provide a protocol for using genetically targeted AktAR2 and Akt‐STOPS, along with fluorescence imaging in living NIH3T3 cells, to visualize and perturb, respectively, the activity of endogenous Akt kinase at different subcellular compartments. We further describe a protocol for using chemically inducible dimerization (CID) to control the plasma membrane‐specific inhibition of Akt activity in real time. Lastly, we describe a protocol for maintaining NIH3T3 cells in culture, a cell line known to exhibit robust Akt activity. In all, this approach enables interrogation of spatiotemporal regulation and functions of Akt, as well as the intricate signaling networks in which it is embedded, at specific subcellular locations. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Visualizing and perturbing subcellular Akt kinase activity using AktAR and Akt‐STOPSBasic Protocol 2: Using chemically inducible dimerization (CID) to control inhibition of Akt at the plasma membraneSupport Protocol: Maintaining NIH3T3 cells in culture
Eating problems among old home care clients
Authors: Salmi Annina , Komulainen Kaija , Nihtilä Annamari , Tiihonen Miia , Nykänen Irma , Hartikainen Sirpa , Suominen Anna L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsThe purpose was to examine the prevalence and determinants of self‐reported eating problems in old home care clients, screened separately by a clinical nutritionist and a dental hygienist.Methods and ResultsThe data came from the Nutrition, Oral Health and Medication (NutOrMed) study, the participants of which were ≥75‐year‐old home care clients living in Finland. The structured interviews were conducted at the participants' (n = 250) homes. Of the participants, 29% reported poor appetite, 20% had problems with chewing, and 14% had problems with swallowing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Additionally, 18% reported oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist. Participants with continuous xerostomia (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–9.0) or poor self‐reported oral health (OR: 4.3, 95% CI: 1.4–13.0) had a higher risk for problems with chewing when asked by a clinical nutritionist. Edentulous participants (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2–10.9) and participants with toothache or problems with dentures (OR: 10.3, 95% CI: 4.0–26.0) had a higher risk for oral health‐related eating problems when asked by a dental hygienist.ConclusionEating problems are common in older adults, and interprofessional collaboration is required for their identification and alleviation.