bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective recovery of lithium from Dead Sea end brines using UBK10 ion exchange resin
Authors: Aljarrah Sewar , Alsabbagh Ahmad , Almahasneh Majdi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Dead Sea, a live pool of minerals and elements, holds ~9% of the world's known lithium reserves. However, the low lithium concentrations (30–40 mg/L) in the end brine and the high divalent to lithium ratio (Mg+2 + Ca+2 to Li+) were obstacles that must be overcome to extract the lithium. In our previous work, lithium concentrations in the Dead Sea end brine were enriched by chemical precipitation up to 1700 mg/kg in the produced solid precipitate. The obtained precipitate was decomposed by double‐distilled water, and about 66% of lithium was leached, producing an environmental liquor containing an elevated concentration of lithium. A sequential ion exchange technique was used to achieve selective lithium recovery in this study. The ability of the UBK 10 strong acid‐type cation exchange resin (Na type) to remove lithium from simulated and environmental lithium‐bearing solutions was investigated. Because of the complex matrix comprising components that may compete with lithium adsorption, a greater quantity of adsorbent was required to achieve the equilibrium state for the environmental solution (7 g) compared to (3.6 g) for the simulated solution. For both lithium‐bearing solutions, the kinetics investigation revealed a pseudo‐second‐order tendency. The interfering capacity was determined to be 0.405, confirming the UBK 10 challenge to selective lithium adsorption. The divalent to lithium ratio was decreased by more than 50 times, yielding encouraging findings for extracting lithium from the low lithium—high divalent to lithium sophisticated Dead Sea end brines.
Dramatic Impact of Auxiliary Ligands on the Dynamic Magnetic Relaxation in Tetranuclear DyIII2ZnII2 Single Molecule Magnets
Authors: Li Gao‐Peng , Xie Hong‐Fang , Yang Shi‐Rui , Fu Yun‐Long , Zhang Yi‐Quan , Wang Yao‐Yu 
Published: July 2022

Comprehensive SummaryBetter understanding the determining factors of dynamic magnetic relaxation in polynuclear lanthanide based single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) remains a challenge due to the complexity of such architectures involving interactions between the magnetic centers. To address this issue, two structurally related heterometal DyIII2ZnII2 SMMs, [Zn2Dy2(L)4(Ac)2(DMF)(CH3OH)]·CH3OH·2H2O (1) and [Zn2Dy2(L)4(Ac)2(DMF)2]·4CH3CN (2) (H2L = (E)‐2‐((2‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzylidene)amino)‐4‐methyphenol, DMF = N,N‐dimethylformamide), are introduced and investigated. Through modifying the auxiliary ligands on one DyIII site while retaining that on the other DyIII, the intramolecular magnetic interactions and relaxation dynamics in these two heterometallic‐DyIII2ZnII2 SMMs can be tuned, demonstrating a dramatic change in the magnet relaxation behavior with energy barrier changing from a negligible value for 1 to 305 K for 2. Ab initio calculations reveal that changing the coordination geometries on the DyIII sites can significantly affect the magnetic interactions as well as single‐ion anisotropy.
Synthesis of Benzoxazine Functionalized Amine‐Bridged Bis(phenolato) Rare Earth Complexes and Their Application in Ring‐Opening Polymerization of rac‐Lactide
Authors: Feng Chunping , Mu Debao , Zhu Xuehua , Wang Yaorong , Yuan Dan , Yao Yingming 
Published: July 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe reactivities of benzoxazine functionalized amine bridged bis(phenol)s LnH2 (n = 1—3) with rare earth metal complexes were explored, founding that both the aryl substituents of the ligand and the rare earth metals have profound influences on reaction outcomes. Reactions of L1H2 (R = tBu) with [N(SiMe3)2]3RE(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)3 (RE = La, Nd) afforded the expected rare earth amides L1RE[N(SiMe3)2](THF) (RE = La (1), Nd (2)). However, the similar reaction of L2H2 (R = OMe) and L3H2 (R = Me) with [N(SiMe3)2]3La(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)3 generated the unexpected amine bridged triphenolato lanthanum complexes L2‐NR2La(THF)(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)2 (3) and L3‐NR2La(THF)(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)2 (4), respectively, in which the benzoxazine ring is opened, and a plausible mechanism was proposed. Furthermore, the reactions of L1H2 with [N(SiMe3)2]3RE(μ‐Cl)Li(THF)3 (RE = Y, Yb) produced the unexpected benzoxazine ring‐opened products L1‐HRE(THF) (RE = Y (5), Yb (6)). Further study revealed that the reaction of L1H2 with Cp3Y(THF) in a 1: 1 molar ration in THF gave the corresponding yttrium complex L1YCp·THF (7a), but the benzoxazine ring‐opened product L1‐OCH2PhY(THF) (7b) was formed when 1 equivalent of benzoic alcohol was added. The benzoxazine functionalized amine bridged bis(phenolato) rare earth amides were efficient initiators for the ring‐opening polymerization of rac‐lactide, giving heterotactic polylactide with Pr value up to 0.93.
The current status of gene expression profilings in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Ilieva Mirolyuba , Tschaikowski Max , Vandin Andrea , Uchida Shizuka 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has swept through every part of the world. Because of its impact, international efforts have been underway to identify the variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 by genome sequencing and to understand the gene expression changes in COVID‐19 patients compared to healthy donors using RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) assay. Within the last two and half years since the emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2, a large number of OMICS data of COVID‐19 patients have accumulated. Yet, we are still far from understanding the disease mechanism. Further, many people suffer from long‐term effects of COVID‐19; calling for a more systematic way to data mine the generated OMICS data, especially RNA‐seq data.MethodsBy searching gene expression omnibus (GEO) using the key terms, COVID‐19 and RNA‐seq, 108 GEO entries were identified. Each of these studies was manually examined to categorize the studies into bulk or single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) followed by an inspection of their original articles.ResultsThe currently available RNA‐seq data were generated from various types of patients’ samples, and COVID‐19 related sample materials have been sequenced at the level of RNA, including whole blood, different components of blood [e.g., plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, T cells], nasal swabs, and autopsy samples (e.g., lung, heart, liver, kidney). Of these, RNA‐seq studies using whole blood, PBMCs, nasal swabs and autopsy/biopsy samples were reviewed to highlight the major findings from RNA‐seq data analysis.ConclusionsBased on the bulk and scRNA‐seq data analysis, severe COVID‐19 patients display shifts in cell populations, especially those of leukocytes and monocytes, possibly leading to cytokine storms and immune silence. These RNA‐seq data form the foundation for further gene expression analysis using samples from individuals suffering from long COVID.
Novel matrinic acid derivatives bearing 2‐anilinothiazole structure for non‐small cell lung cancer treatment with improved Hsp90 targeting effect
Authors: Xu Yiming , Zeng Panke , Wang Haodong , Han Keyan , Qiu Gan , Wei Yongquan , Chen Rui , Wang Lisheng , Liu Xu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvolved in mediating the folding and maturation of more than 300 client proteins, many of which are oncoproteins, Hsp90 has emerged as a promising drug target for cancer therapy. In particular, inhibiting Hsp90 plays a vital role in the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer. Owing to undesirable outcomes of Hsp90 inhibitors in clinical trials, a series of matrinic acid compounds bearing 2‐anilinothiazole moiety were designed based on the structural features allocation shared among Hsp90 inhibitors within the ATP‐binding pocket. Most of the compounds showed potent anticancer activities validated by MTT assay. Among them, the most potent compound C4 (IC50 < 10 μM against four cell lines) was chosen for further mechanism study. Notably, C4 showed a better safety profile than 17AAG with a higher SI value. Thermal shift assay data indicated C4 exhibited a strong binding affinity with Hsp90 (−18.85 ± 0.56°C) comparable to radicicol. Mechanism studies verified that C4 significantly inhibited proliferation and migration activities of A549 cells. Besides, C4 can induce a prolonged G1‐phase and cell apoptosis. Western blot analysis results indicated C4 could moderately suppress Hsp90 and upregulate Hsp70 expression. Furthermore, the downregulated trend of the client proteins of Hsp90, such as β‐Catenin and Bcl‐2, were consistent with the cellular effect of C4, suggesting that C4 could exert anticancer activity via targeting Hsp90. In the xenograft model in vivo, C4 effectively inhibited lung cancer growth without obvious side effects. Collectively, C4 could be a promising therapeutic agent for lung cancer and the novel scaffold provided new insights into the design of Hsp90 inhibitors.
Demographic and health predictors of telomere length during adolescence
Authors: Kertes Darlene A. , Leri John , Duan Ke , Tarrence Jake , Browning Christopher , Pickler Rita , Ford Jodi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTelomere length (TL) is proposed to play a mechanistic role in how the exposome affects health outcomes. Little is known about TL during adolescence, a developmental period during which precursors of adult‐onset health problems often emerge. We examined health and demographic sources of variation in TL in 899 youth aged 11–17. Demographic and health information included age, sex, race, household income, caregiver age and marital status, youth tobacco exposure, body mass index, pubertal status, health problems, medication use, and season of data collection. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva, and T/S ratios were computed following qPCR. Age, race, season of data collection, and household income were associated with the telomere to single copy (T/S) ratio. We found that T/S ratios were larger at younger ages, among Black youth, for saliva collected during autumn and winter, and among households with higher income. Analyses stratified by race revealed that the association between age and T/S ratio was present for Black youth, that season of collection was present across races, but that family demographic associations with T/S ratio varied by race. The results provide information for future telomere research and highlight adolescence as a potentially important developmental phase for racial disparities in telomere shortening and health.
Blood‐based biomarkers for the prediction of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy prognosis: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jansen Mark , Algül Sila , Bosman Laurens P. , Michels Michelle , van der Velden Jolanda , de Boer Rudolf A. , van Tintelen J. Peter , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Baas Annette F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent monogenic heart disease. HCM is an important cause of sudden cardiac death and may also lead to outflow tract obstruction and heart failure. Disease severity is highly variable and risk stratification remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to review current knowledge of prognostic blood‐based biomarkers in HCM.Methods and resultsA systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library to identify studies assessing plasma or serum biomarkers for outcomes involving malignant ventricular arrhythmia, outflow tract obstruction, and heart failure. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool. Meta‐analyses were performed using the random effects method. A total of 26 unique cohort studies assessing 42 biomarkers were identified. Overall risk of bias was moderate. Thirty‐two biomarkers were significantly associated to an HCM outcome in at least one study (nine biomarkers in at least two studies). In pooled analyses, cardiovascular mortality was predicted by N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (hazard ratio [HR] 5.38 per log[pg/mL], 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.07–14.03, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (HR 1.30 per μg/mL, 95% CI 1.00–1.68, P = 0.05, I2 = 78%), all‐cause mortality by low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HR 0.63 per μmol/mL, 95% CI 0.49–0.80, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%), and a combined congestive heart failure, malignant ventricular arrhythmia, and stroke outcome by high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (pooled HR 4.19 for ≥0.014 ng/mL, 95% CI 2.22–7.88, P < 0.001, I2 = 0%). Quality of evidence was low–moderate.ConclusionsSeveral blood‐based biomarkers were identified as predictors of HCM outcomes. Additional studies are required to validate their prognostic utility within current risk stratification models.
Immune‐mediated pathology as a consequence of impaired immune reactions: the IMPATH paradox
Authors: Ehl Stephan , Thimme Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTraditionally, immune‐mediated pathology is considered to result from hyperactivity of the immune system. In recent years, however, it has become apparent that, paradoxically, immunopathology can also occur as a consequence of impaired, immune reactions. This insight has important consequences. In the case of hyperactivity, immune suppression is the method of choice for therapy. By contrast, patients suffering from immunopathology as a consequence of impaired immune reactions may benefit instead from immune stimulation or immune reconstitution. This concept is what we call the “IMPATH paradox.” The scientific and clinical impact of the IMPATH paradox is the focus of the collaborative research center CRC1160, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) since 2015. The CRC examines human and murine model situations, in which the causal link between impaired immune reactions and immunopathology can be explored and better mechanistically defined. In this series of review articles, we wish to place some of these models into the context of the IMPATH paradox and illustrate their potential to stimulate novel perspectives on immunopathology and its therapy.
Reactions of Enaminones with p‐Quinone Methides: Access to 4H‐Chromene and 4H‐Chromen‐4‐one Derivatives
Authors: Singh Gurdeep , Sharma Sonam , Rekha  , Pandey Rajat , Singh Rupali , Kumar Tarunjeet , Anand Ramasamy Vijaya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA one‐pot approach for the synthesis of oxygen‐containing heterocycles such as 4H‐chromenes and 4H‐chromen‐4‐ones has been established through the reaction of enaminones with p‐quinone methides (p‐QMs). This transformation basically involves an acid‐catalyzed 1,6‐conjugate addition of enaminones to p‐QMs followed by annulation. In the case of reaction between 2‐hydroxyphenyl‐substituted p‐quinone methides and N,N‐dimethyl enaminones, 4H‐chromene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. Similarly, the reaction between simple p‐quinone methides and 2‐hydroxyphenyl‐substituted N,N‐dimethyl enaminones led to 4H‐chromen‐4‐one derivatives in good yields.
Electrochemical Generation of Hot Electrons in Fully Aqueous Solutions at Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon Thin Film Electrodes and Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay of Serum Amyloid A
Authors: Salminen Kalle , Fang Jian‐Hui , Etula Jarkko , Wester Niklas , Eskola Jarkko , Kulmala Sakari , Sun Jian‐Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectrochemistry of hot electrons in fully aqueous solutions at tetrahedral amorphous carbon thin film electrodes is discussed. The generation of these highly reducing chemical species was confirmed by normal pulse voltammetry and several electrochemiluminescent systems. Electron transfer into pre‐existing solvent cavities was observed at approximately −2.65 V vs. Ag/AgCl (sat.). Electrogenerated hot electrons were utilized as chemiluminescent mediators in heterogeneous sandwich immunoassay of Serum Amyloid A. The calibration curve was linear over four orders of magnitude and the detection limit was 85 ng L−1 that demonstrates the efficiency of hot electron generation at this electrode material.
Damage of prismatic lithium‐ion cells subject to bending: Test, model, and detection
Authors: Li Wei , Xing Bobin , Watkins Thomas R. , Xia Yong , Wang Hsin , Zhu Juner 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe mechanically induced internal short circuit (ISC) is one of the major safety concerns of lithium‐ion batteries. Mechanical abuse tests are often performed to evaluate the integrity and safety of lithium‐ion batteries under mechanical loadings. Except for the widely explored compression‐dominated indentation tests, bending is another typical real‐world loading condition that is tension‐dominated. To investigate the mechanical damage and ISC behavior of batteries under bending, we carried out controlled three‐point bending tests in four progressive steps on prismatic battery cells with maximum deflections ranging from 38% to 76% of the cell thickness. None of the tested cells experienced an ISC. We then conducted 3D X‐ray computed tomography (CT) scanning on the bent cells after unloading. X‐ray CT images showed three out of the four tested cells have extensive cracking in the electrode layers at the bottom side (opposite to the loading head). This indicates that cracking does not necessarily lead to an ISC under bending. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was also measured on the bent cells and substantial changes were observed. Both the bulk resistance and charge‐transfer resistance increased significantly after bending, which could influence the battery performance and lifespan. We then developed a detailed finite (FE) element model to further investigate the mechanical deformation and failure mechanisms. The FE model successfully predicts the load–displacement response and reproduces the deformation patterns. The findings and the FE model developed in the present study provide useful insights and tools for the battery structure and crash safety design.image
Anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge to produce volatile fatty acids and release nutrients using sodium citrate with sodium hydroxide pretreatment
Authors: Zhou Wuyang , Fang Qian , Ding Wenxue , Du Zhili , Ren Pengfei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the synergistic effect of sodium citrate (SC) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency of waste activated sludge (WAS). Using the amount of SC as the control variable, changes in sludge cell cracking and AD performance under different pretreatment conditions was investigated. The optimum treatment conditions were a NaOH input of initial pH 10 and an SC concentration of 0.20 g/g total suspended solids. The pretreatment was monitored in 150 min. And the changes in soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), soluble polysaccharide, soluble protein, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), PO43−‐P and NH4+‐N during the pretreatment stage and fermentation process were studied. Results show a significant disintegration effect on WAS under optimal pretreatment conditions, with the peak concentration of SCOD, soluble protein, and soluble polysaccharide being 2059.5, 114.86, and 190.97 mg/L, respectively, which means that large amounts of intracellular carbon sources were released. The production of VFAs included acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, n‐butyric acid, isovaleric acid, and n‐valeric acid, with a peak concentration of 9555.89, 1779.12, 608.84, 805.7, 777.91, 184.86 mg·COD/L, respectively. The content of PO43‐P and NH4+‐N were great in fermentation liquid, 71.82 and 320.75 mg/L, respectively. These results indicate that the synergistic process improve VFAs production and contribute to nutrients reuse.
Keeping Track of Hawaii's Bottomfish Populations With the Help of Citizen Scientists
Authors: Ra Hana , Richards Benjamin L , Rollo Audrey , Miller-Greene Dianna , Taylor Jeremy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The “Deep 7” bottomfish complex, which consists of six snapper and one grouper species, is a complex that carries high economic and cultural importance to the islands of Hawaii. These bottomfish have been monitored through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center's Deep 7 fishery-independent surveys since 2016. These surveys use underwater stereo camera systems that produce hundreds of thousands of images that must be annotated by human analysts in order to generate species-specific, size-structured abundance estimates. We developed a citizen science project, called “OceanEYEs,” as a means to effectively process this imagery. A beta test was conducted to determine the accuracy of citizen science annotations in comparison to expert annotators. Our results suggest that aggregated citizen scientist data can achieve accuracy levels approaching that of expert annotators, which has the potential to improve image annotation efficiency and produce large volumes of high-quality training data to improve machine learning algorithms.
Base cation evidence for enhanced water infiltration in Ancestral Pueblo gravel mulch fields, Northern New Mexico, USA
Authors: Kessler Nicholas V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the Northern Rio Grande region of New Mexico, USA, Ancestral Pueblo villages experienced rapid demographic and economic growth in the late 14th and 15th centuries A.D. Recent research has proposed that this growth was underwritten by cotton production for exchange. Gravel mulch was an important component of cotton agriculture, but its function and soil legacies are not well understood. Since water management was likely a critical feature of gravel mulch, this study examines soil variables affected by changes to water supply. Gravel mulch analyzed in this study was found to have a substantial impact on the surface soil particle size distribution, but other aspects of soil quality were unaffected. The depth profiles of base cation ratios in mulched and unmodified locations suggest that gravel mulch continues to enhance water infiltration. Based on the timing of cotton development and inferred infiltration depths associated with gravel mulch soils, gravel mulch technology is well suited to the monsoonal precipitation regime of the region and the phenology of cotton.
Including diverse and admixed populations in genetic epidemiology research
Authors: Caliebe Amke , Tekola‐Ayele Fasil , Darst Burcu F. , Wang Xuexia , Song Yeunjoo E. , Gui Jiang , Sebro Ronnie A. , Balding David J. , Saad Mohamad , Dubé Marie‐Pierre ,   IGES ELSI Committee
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe inclusion of ancestrally diverse participants in genetic studies can lead to new discoveries and is important to ensure equitable health care benefit from research advances. Here, members of the Ethical, Legal, Social, Implications (ELSI) committee of the International Genetic Epidemiology Society (IGES) offer perspectives on methods and analysis tools for the conduct of inclusive genetic epidemiology research, with a focus on admixed and ancestrally diverse populations in support of reproducible research practices. We emphasize the importance of distinguishing socially defined population categorizations from genetic ancestry in the design, analysis, reporting, and interpretation of genetic epidemiology research findings. Finally, we discuss the current state of genomic resources used in genetic association studies, functional interpretation, and clinical and public health translation of genomic findings with respect to diverse populations.