bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation boost gamma oscillations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: Maiella Michele , Casula Elias Paolo , Borghi Ilaria , Assogna Martina , D’Acunto Alessia , Pezzopane Valentina , Mencarelli Lucia , Pellicciari Maria Concetta , Koch Giacomo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Neural oscillations in the gamma frequency band have been identified as a fundament for synaptic plasticity dynamics and its alterations are central in various psychiatric and neurological conditions. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and alternating electrical stimulation may have a strong therapeutic potential by promoting gamma oscillations and plasticity. Here we applied intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), an established TMS protocol known to induce cortical plasticity, simultaneously with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) at either theta (θtACS) or gamma (γtACS) frequency on the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). We used TMS in combination with electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate changes in cortical activity on both left/right DLPFC and over the vertex. We found that simultaneous iTBS with γtACS but not with θtACS resulted in an enhancement of spectral gamma power, a shift of individual peak frequency towards faster oscillations and an increase of local connectivity in the gamma band. These results were specific to the DLPFC and confined locally to the site of stimulation, not being detectable in the contralateral DLPFC. We argue that the results described here could promote a new and effective method able to induce long-lasting changes in brain plasticity useful to be clinically applied to several psychiatric and neurological conditions.
Association of Young versus Elderly Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Mortality: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in China
Authors: Chen Jilin , Wang Jinling , Liu Ying , Gao Fengdi , Sun Xuefeng , Jiang Hongli , Shi Wei , Liang Xinling , Liu Wenhu , Fu Ping , Ding Xiaoqiang , Chang Ming , Yang Xiao , Gao Bihu , Cao Ning , Chen Jing , Ni Zhaohui , Sun Shiren , Chen Menghua , He Yani , Wang Huimin , Wang Jianqin , Hao Lirong , Li Suhua , He Qiang , Yi Na , Shao Fengmin , Hu Menghong , Wang Weidong , Lin Hongli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background End-stage renal disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis have high-mortality risk. The association of different age of hemodialysis patients with mortality remains uncertain in China. This study aimed to assess the survival outcomes and risk factors affecting mortality between young and elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Methods The multicenter retrospective cohort study enrolled adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis from 24 hemodialysis centers in China between January 1, 2008, and September 30, 2015. The patients were assigned to young and elderly group according to age on the initiation of the hemodialysis. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality of patients. Survival outcomes of patients was performed using a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression models were implemented to identify risk factors affecting all-cause mortality of patients with maintenance hemodialysis.Results A total of enrolled 1601 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, including 642 young patients and 959 elderly patients. The mean follow-up duration was 48.17 ± 25.59 months, the all-cause mortality was 64 (9.97%) in young group and 255 (26.59%) in elderly group, the hazard ratio [HR] of elderly patients relative to young patients, 1.699 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.482 to 1.949, P＜0.001). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that overall cumulative survival was lower in elderly group than young group (Log Rank tests = 63.31, P＜ 0.001). Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that the cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.544; 95% CI, 1.103 to 2.161; P = 0.011), cerebrovascular disease (HR, 2.158; 95% CI, 1.309 to 3.557; P = 0.003), lower serum albumin (HR, 1.404; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.968; P = 0.049), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) scores with 4-5 (HR, 4.910; 95% CI, 2.327 to 10.357; P＜ 0.001), CCI scores with ≥6 (HR, 9.596; 95% CI, 4.807 to 19.158; P＜ 0.001) were the risk factors associated all-cause mortality of patients.Conclusions The elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis showed lower survival and higher mortality than young patients in China. Cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, serum albumin, CCI scores were the risk factors for all-cause mortality of young and elderly patients with maintenance hemodialysis.
Physiological selectivity of insecticides to the egg parasitoids Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus teretis (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
Authors: Silva D. M. , Carvalho G. A. , Biondi A. , Ribeiro W. , Bueno A. F. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus teretis are important parasitoids of stink bug eggs and their preservation contributes to the ecological management of these pests. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological selectivity of the newest insecticides ethiprole and sulfoxaflor + lambda-cyhalothrin in comparison with thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos, used to control stink bugs, for T. podisi and T. teretis. Bioassays were carried out in the laboratory following standardized protocols. Six independent bioassays were conducted to evaluate the effect of insecticides on the pupal and adult stages of the parasitoids and the effects of insecticide sprays over the host eggs before parasitism. The insecticides were applied using a Potter tower. Ethiprole at rates of 150 and 200 g/150L H2O was classified as harmless (class 1), according to the International Organization of Biological Control to both pupae and adults of T. podisi. When tested against T. teretis, ethipprole was classified as harmless (class 1) and slightly harmful (class 2), but it still was the most selectivity pesticide among studied chemicals. When adult parasitoids of both species were exposed to sprayed host eggs, wasps had similar parasitism. The other treatments trigged more severe negative side effects to the parasitoids, especially to adults. Overall, ethiprole was the least toxic compound and should be preferred in integrated pest management aimed at preserving these biocontrol agents, while the other tested insecticides should be evaluated under semi-field and field conditions to confirm their higher toxicity and be replaced for more selectivity pesticide whenever possible.
Integrated Structure-based Protein Interface Prediction
Authors: Walder M. , Edelstein E. , Carroll M. , Lazarev S. , Fajardo J.E. , Fiser A. , Viswanathan R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Identifying protein interfaces can inform how proteins interact with their binding partners, uncover the regulatory mechanisms that control biological functions and guide the development of novel therapeutic agents. A variety of computational approaches have been developed for predicting a protein’s interfacial residues from its known sequence and structure. Methods using the known three- dimensional structures of proteins can be template-based or template-free. Template-based methods have limited success in predicting interfaces when homologues with known complex structures are not available to use as templates. The prediction performance of template-free methods that only rely only upon proteins’ intrinsic properties is limited by the amount of biologically relevant features that can be included in an interface prediction model.Results: We describe the development of an integrated method, ISPIP, to explore the hypothesis that the efficacy of a computational prediction method of protein binding sites can be enhanced by using a combination of methods that rely on orthogonal structure-based properties of a query protein, combining and balancing both template-free and template-based features. ISPIP is a method that integrates these approaches through simple linear or logistic regression models and more complex decision tree models. On a diverse test set of 156 query proteins, ISPIP outperforms each of its individual classifiers in identifying protein binding interfaces. Conclusions: The integrated method captures the best performance of individual classifiers and delivers an improved interface prediction. The method is robust and performs well even when one of the individual classifiers performs poorly on a particular query protein. This work demonstrates that integrating orthogonal methods that depend on different structural properties of proteins performs better at interface prediction than any individual classifier alone.
Study on surface integrity and ductile cutting of PV polycrystalline silicon and wear mechanisms of electroplated diamond wire
Authors: Costa Erick Cardoso , Santos Caroline Piesanti dos , Carvalho Vinicius Almeida , Xavier Fabio Antonio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate and better understand the mechanical and crystalline responses of polycrystalline silicon sawn by diamond wire sawing. To simplify the multi-wire sawing kinematic, an endless wire saw with a single looped diamond wire was used. The wire cutting speed and feed rate of the sawing process were varied in order to evaluate the characteristics of sawn surface morphology, surface roughness and subsurface damage. The analysis of brittle-ductile transition and residual stress of the sawn surface and silicon chips were performed with Raman spectroscopy. The wear and failure mechanism of the diamond wire were analyzed. The results show that sawn surface is composed of brittle and ductile regions and the predominance of one of these directly affected the surface roughness Ra. The ductile cutting mode induced the predominance of microgrooves and ploughing over the sawn surface and led to formation of an amorphous layer with residual compressive stress of up to -192.3 MPa. Micro-cracks in subsurface were identified and it reached a minimum depth of 7.2±1.6 µm. Chip fragments and elongated chips were observed and Raman spectra showed that the latter are amorphous. The wire wear analysis indicated that during the cutting there is deformation of the Ni-layer, exposed grits and grit pullout. The main wear mechanisms are Ni-matrix removal and abrasive wear of the diamond grit. A better surface quality of polycrystalline silicon was obtained on increasing wire cutting speed and decreasing feed rate. The results found in this study can help to reach a high quality surface of silicon wafer for photovoltaic application.
Roadmap for achieving net-zero emissions in global food systems by 2050
Authors: Costa Ciniro , Wollenberg Eva , Benitez Mauricio , Newman Richard , Gardner Nick , Bellone Federico 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Food systems (FSs) emit ~20 GtCO2e/y (~35% of global greenhouse gas emissions). This level is supposed to raise given the expected increases in food demands, which may threaten global climate targets. By evaluating 60+ scenarios based on existing low-emission and carbon sequestration practices, we estimate that intensifying FSs could reduce its emissions from 21.4 to -2.0 GtCO2e/y and address increasing food demands without relying on carbon offsets. However, given historical trends and regional contexts, a more diverse portfolio of practices, including diet shifts and new-horizon technologies, will be needed to increase the feasibility of achieving net-zero FSs. One likely pathway consists of implementing practices that shift food production to the 30th-percentile of least emission-intensive FS (~45% emissions reduction), sequester carbon at 50% of its potential (~5 GtCO2e/y) and adopt diet shifts and new-horizon technologies (~6 GtCO2e/y). For a successful transition to happen, the global FS would, in the next decade (2020s), need to implement cost-effective mitigation practices and technologies, supported by improvements in countries’ governance and technical assistance, innovative financial mechanisms and research focused on making affordable technologies in the following two decades (2030-2050). This work provides options and a vision to guide global FSs to achieving net-zero by 2050.
Study on mechanical and crushing characteristics of tailings in large-scale high tailings dam
Authors: Chao Zhang , Qinglin Chen , Dai Zeyu , Xiaojun Wang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The mechanical and crushing characteristics of tailings under high pressure are the research foundation for large-scale high tailings dams. In consider of the high stress caused by the high tailing pond, consolidated drained (CD) triaxial shear tests were carried out. A new method for qualitatively characterizing particle crushing by identifying particles was proposed. The relative broken index proposed by Einav was used to quantitatively characterize the particle crushing of tailings. The test results show that the samples density has a great influence on the volumetric strain under low pressure. However, volumetric strain is not related to the sample density under high pressure. The shear strength of the tailings shows a significantly nonlinear. The internal friction angle under low pressure be still obtained by the traditional linear Mohr-Coulomb, and the internal friction angle under high pressure be obtained by the power function Mohr criterion. The particle crushing of tailings not only occurs at high pressure but also at low pressure. The value of broken index increases with the increase of sample density and confining pressure. It indicates that the high density and high stress in the deep part of the tailings dam is prone to the particle crushing, which affects the stability of the large-scale high dam.
Factors impeding the successful implementation of ERAS in patients undergoing colorectal resection for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Wang Zhongyuan , Li Song , Tan Dong , Zhang Tenghui , Yu Zeqian , Ding Chao , Zhu Feng , Abudourexiti Waresi , Gong Jianfeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background&Aims
Recent literatures indicated that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could also benefit from enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols. However, there are few studies investigating the failure of ERAS in patients undergoing colorectal resection specifically for IBD. The current study aimed to analyze the risk factors contributing to failure of ERAS after colorectal resection in IBD patients.
Methods
From January 2019 to February 2021, consecutive patients who underwent colorectal resection for IBD under ERAS protocol were retrospectively analyzed. ERAS failure was defined as prolonged postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS), i.e. 75th percentile of postoperative LOS for patients with IBD surgery, unplanned reoperation, accidental readmission or death within 30 postoperative days. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify risk factors for ERAS failure in IBD surgery.
Results
Overall, 216 patients were enrolled and 65(30.1%) were defined as ERAS failure. Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative NRS-2002 score ≥ 3 (OR = 2.844; 95% CI, 1.371–5.901; p = 0.005), modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) = 2 (OR = 3.653; 95% CI, 1.455–9.173; p = 0.006), preoperative steroids use (OR = 2.313; 95%CI, 1.111–4.818; p = 0.025), and failure to mobilization on POD1 (OR = 3.105; 95%CI,1.528–6.308; p = 0.002) were independent risk factors for ERAS failure after IBD surgery.
Conclusions
Preoperative NRS-2002 score ≥ 3, mGPS = 2, preoperative steroids use, and failure to mobilization on POD1 are independent risk factors associated with ERAS failure in IBD patients after colorectal resection. Strategies aiming at these risk factors might promote the successful implementation of ERAS in IBD surgical patients.
Dynamic Change of Lumbar Structure was Associated with Reduced Bone Mineral Density, a Clinical Retrospective Study
Authors: Wei Jianlu , Fan Lingjia , Zhu Yanbin , Ding Kai , Wang Hong , Chen Wei , Li Guangfei , Lv Jiali , Zhang Tao , Cheng Lei , Zhang Yingze 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to determine whether the dynamic change of lumbar anatomy parameters is associated with bone mineral density.Methods: This retrospective study included participants who did lumbar computed tomography (CT) scanning from October 2018 to December 2021. The established and recorded CT scanning images were used for analysis. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by the qCT value. CT scanning was also used to measure angle between upper and lower endplate on median sagittal view, and that between pedicle center and horizontal alignment on median sagittal view and transverse section angle on the axial view. Results: 476 participants were included. Angle between upper and lower endplate on median sagittal view in lumbar 1 (5.72±3.60), lumbar 2 (4.03±3.14), lumbar 3 (2.60 ±3.08) was positively associated with BMD, while that in lumbar 4 (2.07±4.66) was negatively associated (All P<0.05). Furthermore, angle between pedicle center and horizontal alignment on median sagittal view in lumbar 1 (-1.89±6.49), lumbar 2 (-2.10±6.96), and lumbar 3 (-0.75±5.61) was positively associated with BMD (P<0.001 for them all). However, this angle in lumbar 4 (2.99±4.78) showed no correlation with BMD (P=0.961). However, no significant correlation was observed between transverse section angle on the axial view and BMD. Conclusion: The dynamic change of lumbar anatomy parameters is associated with BMD and thus orthopadic surgeons should pay attention to these changes in the internal fixation operation.
Beyond the learning curve- Improving outcomes in Robotic Myomectomy compared to Laparoscopic Myomectomy
Authors: Sinha Rooma , Rupa Bana , Reddy Mamatha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Uterine myomas are benign tumors frequently seen in women of reproductive age. Myomectomy remains a viable option for treating this condition in women who wish to preserve their uterus. We undertook this study to compare the peri-operative surgical outcomes of Robotic myomectomy (RM) with laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) in Indian patients of uterine myomas after the initial learning curve of RM was achieved. A retrospective chart review was performed for the patients who underwent RM or LM for the treatment of uterine myomas. A total of 177 patients; 116 in the RM group and 61 in the LM group were included in the study. The mean age in the RM and LM group was 34.31 ± 5.40 years and 33.54 ± 4.96 years respectively (p = .355). The mean total operative time was marginally more in RM group (127.37 ± 110.67 vs. 120.66 ± 44.27, p = .650) but the difference was not statistically significant. Patients in the RM group had significantly less blood loss (115.43 ± 79.43 vs. 340.98 ± 453.9 ml, p = <.0001), hospital stay (1.28 ± 0.49 vs. 1.92 ± 1.05 days, p = <.0001), requirement of blood transfusion (93.97% vs. 81.97%, p = .031) and requirement of intravenous (IV) analgesia (41.38% vs. 34.43%, p = .019) as compared to the patients in the LM group. The Robotic myomectomy significantly reduces blood loss, the duration of hospital stay, and requirement of blood transfusions and IV analgesia as compared to the laparoscopic myomectomy.
Blood oxygenation-level dependent cerebrovascular reactivity imaging as strategy to monitor CSF-hemoglobin toxicity
Authors: Thomson Bart R. , Richter Henning , Akeret Kevin , Buzzi Raphael M. , Anagnostakou Vania , Niftrik Christiaan H. B. van , Schwendinger Nina , Kulcsar Zsolt , Kronen Peter W. , Regli Luca , Fierstra Jorn , Schaer Dominik J. , Hugelshofer Michael 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

PurposeCell-free hemoglobin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-Hb) may be one of the main drivers of secondary brain injury after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Haptoglobin scavenging of CSF-Hb has been shown to mitigate cerebrovascular disruption. Using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and blood oxygenation-level dependent cerebrovascular reactivity imaging (BOLD-CVR) the aim was to assess the acute toxic effect of CSF-Hb on cerebral blood flow and autoregulation, as well as to test the protective effects of haptoglobin. Methods DSA imaging was performed in eight anesthetized and ventilated sheep (mean weight: 80.4 kg) at baseline, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after infusion of hemoglobin (Hb) or co-infusion with haptoglobin (Hb:Haptoglobin) into the left lateral ventricle. Additionally, 10 ventilated sheep (mean weight: 79.8 kg) underwent BOLD-CVR imaging to assess the cerebrovascular reserve capacity.Results DSA imaging did not show a difference in mean transit time or cerebral blood flow. Whole-brain BOLD-CVR compared to baseline decreased more in the Hb group after 15 minutes (Hb vs Hb:Haptoglobin: -0.03 ± 0.01 vs -0.01 ± 0.02) and remained diminished compared to Hb:Haptoglobin group after 30 minutes (Hb vs Hb:Haptoglobin: -0.03 ± 0.01 vs 0.0 ± 0.01), 45 minutes (Hb vs Hb:Haptoglobin: -0.03 ± 0.01 vs 0.01 ± 0.02) and 60 minutes (Hb vs Hb:Haptoglobin: -0.03 ± 0.02 vs 0.01 ± 0.01).ConclusionIt is demonstrated that CSF-Hb toxicity leads to rapid cerebrovascular reactivity impairment, which is blunted by haptoglobin co-infusion. BOLD-CVR may therefore be further evaluated as a monitoring strategy for CSF-Hb toxicity after aSAH.
Comparison of Saccharification and Lactic Acid Production Efficiencies From Chemically and Biologically Pretreated Wheat Straw
Authors: Rasool Asif , khan M. Ravish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: In recent times, agricultural waste has been utilized in many industries as an energy source in several processes. Wheat straw, one of the most cost-effective raw material, has a great potential to be utilized as a substrate in fermentation to produce lactic acid. Utilization of agro waste material as the carbon source provides a cheap and environment friendly production of lactic acid. Methods: A comparison of chemical and biological pretreatment of wheat straw and the use of pretreated wheat straw hydrolysate in fermentation of Lactobacillus was carried out using optimized process parameters of temperature and ph. Pretreatment methods using dilute acid and white rot fungus Coriolis versicolor were performed on wheat straw as well as the effect of co-pretreatment with calcium hydroxide on differentially pretreated wheat straw was studied by analyzing sugar and lactic acid concentrations during fermentation. The effect of different pH (7, 8, and 9) on fermentation using dilute acid pretreated wheat straw was observed to lower the lactic production with the increase in ph. Dilute acid pretreatment of wheat straw provided the highest concentration of glucose at 57.2mg/L and subsequently enhanced yield of lactic acid during fermentation while the biologically pretreated wheat straw hydrolysate provided comparatively lower concentration of glucose at 49.2mg/L and thus decreased lactic acid production. Result: The final lactic acid concentration of 48.14 mg/L was obtained in dilute acid pretreated wheat straw with Yp/s of 0.915 mg/mg, while the use of biologically pretreated wheat straw hydrolysate provided 39.56 mg/L concentration of lactic acid and an Yp/s of 0.908 mg/mg. However, a reduced lactic acid concentration of 27.03 mg/L and 20.62 mg/L was seen after the co-pretreatment of both dilute acid and fungal pretreated wheat straw with calcium hydroxide respectively, indicating its adverse effects on fermentation process.Conclusion: Pretreatment of wheat straw with dilute acid can be considered a good saccharification method to obtain the optimum concentration of lactic acid in microbial fermentation carried out at optimum temperature and pH conditions.