bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endüstriyel Olarak Üretilmiş Eritme Peynirlerde Aflatoksin M1 Kalıntılarının Araştırılması: Ankara İli Örneği
Authors: Mortaş Hande , Köse Süleyman , Bilici Saniye 
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Süt ve süt ürünleri yenilebilir hayvan dokuları arasında en fazla aflatoksin kalıntısı içeren besin grubudur. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus gibi küf türleri tarafından üretilen yüksek düzeyde toksik sekonder metabolitlerden aflatoksin B1 ile kontamine olmuş yemler ile beslenen hayvanların sütlerinde aflatoksin M1 düzeylerinin arttığı bilinmektedir. Isıl işlem uygulamalarına dirençli olan aflatoksin M1’in süt ürünlerinde konsantrasyonlarının mevzuata uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesi halk sağlığı açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ambalajlı eritme peynirlerdeki aflatoksin M1 düzeylerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Ankara’da bulunan perakendeciler ve toptancılarda satılan ambalajlı eritme peynirleri bizzat araştırmacılar tarafından toplanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında farklı markalardan 83 adet ambalajlı eritme peyniri (32 tost peyniri, 7 burger peyniri, 17 krem peynir, 11 üçgen peynir ve 16 dil vb. diğer peynirler) değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Peynirlerdeki aflatoksin M1 düzeyleri kantitatif ELISA yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında değerlendirmeye alınan ambalajlı eritme peynirlerinin aflatoksin M1 içeriğinin ortalama 14.42±12.69 ppt olduğu, eritme peynir çeşitlerinden en yüksek ortalama değerin tost (18.82±16.43 ppt) ve dil vb. diğer peynirlerde (19.79±10.06 ppt) bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Çalışmada değerlendirilen 83 adet ambalajlı eritme peynirlerinden yalnızca birinin (%1.2) mevzuatta belirtilen limiti aştığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Ankara’da satışa sunulan ambalajlı eritme peynirlerinin tamamına yakınının, mevzuatta belirlenen aflatoksin M1 limitlerini aşmadığı gösterilmiştir. Aflatoksin M1’in sağlık üzerine kanıtlanan olumsuz etkileri sebebiyle günlük maruziyetin azaltılması önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda, gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalarda diğer süt ve ürünlerinde de aflatoksin M1 düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi önerilir.
Czego dowiadujemy się z dorobku laureatów Nagrody AntyNobla w kontekście rozwoju ekonomii i finansów oraz nauk o zarządzaniu i jakości?
Authors: Pilewicz Tomasz 
Published: May 2022

Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie dorobku laureatów nagrody Antynobla z lat 1991– 2021 w kontekście rozwoju ekonomii i finansów oraz nauk o zarządzaniu i jakości. Posłużono się w tym celu przeglądem materiałów źródłowych dotyczących wszystkich prac nagrodzonych Antynoblem w kategoriach ekonomii, zarządzania, prawdopodobieństwa i statystyki od 1991 r. Przebadano łącznie 30 prac, w tym 13, które zostały wydane w formie recenzowanej publikacji naukowej. Dotyczyły one rzeczywistych, udokumentowanych badań, których niekonwencjonalne wnioski zachęcają do głębszej refleksji i zwracają uwagę na kwestie o wymiernej wartości dodanej dla życia społeczno-gospodarczego. Może to sprzyjać stawianiu pytań badawczych, na które nauka jeszcze nie odpowiedziała i które warto podjąć. Ograniczeniem prezentowanych rozważań jest zawężenie badania do puli prac oficjalnie nagrodzonych w wybranych dziedzinach z pominięciem tych osiągnięć, które dotyczyły ekonomii i finansów oraz nauk o zarzadzaniu i jakości, lecz zostały finalnie wyróżnione w innej kategorii przez kapitułę Antynobla.
Centre of Gravity: From Theoretical Baseline to the Practical Application of the Concept
Authors: Šlebir Miha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The centre of gravity concept is one of the fundamental, yet highly controversial pillars of contemporary military science. Although over the past decades the centre of gravity has become the modus operandi of the planning and conduct of (major) military operations in a number of armed forces, questions arise about the utility of the concept. In this light, we have sought to improve the theoretical understanding and demonstrate the relevance of the concept in the context of a recent armed conflict. We examined the first phase of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, in which the Russian army-sized combat group appeared to be the centre of gravity, and the logistics (sub-) system a critical vulnerability of the Russian forces.
Relationship Between Ends, Ways and Means - A Case Study of the Military Strategy of the Republic of Slovenia
Authors: Šantelj Stanislav 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In October 2021, the General Staff of the Slovenian Armed Forces issued the Draft Military Strategy of the Republic of Slovenia. The purpose of this article is to identify the relationship between the strategic ends, ways and means of this draft document with the Resolution on the National Security Strategy of the Republic of Slovenia and the Defence Strategy of the Republic of Slovenia. With regard to strategic ends, we found that all three strategies are clearly and transparently linked to each other. However, the Draft Military Strategy is not structured by ends, so it is not possible to establish a simple and transparent link between ways and ends. Ends would be more equally addressed, if the strategy was structured by ends. Additionally, it is not possible to see from the strategy which means, although ambitious, are already available, which are planned, and when they will be available.
American Library Association’s strengthening international library and bibliographic cooperation at the present stage (1976–2021): The key projects
Authors: Prikhozhev P. V. 
Published: May 2022

The American Library Association (ALA) – the oldest national library association in the world – played the key role in the formation and development of international library and bibliographic cooperation during its first 100 years of existence (1876–1976), and today, it has been still among the leading coordinators of the projects in this area. The author characterizes the main programs being implemented by ALA at the present stage in accordance with the principles of the international policy stated in the ALA Policy Manual. The significant proportion of Научные и технические библиотеки, 2022, № 5 15 the modern ALA’s projects is of global nature. These projects are aimed at involving library specialists in the world librarianship agenda, advocating libraries as an important engine of socio-economic development, monitoring observance of human rights and principles of intellectual freedom in libraries, professional development of librarians and exchange of professional experience on the global scale. The professional publications and information provided through ALA official website (http://www.ala.org/) evidence that that today ALA retains its leading position in strengthening international library and bibliographic cooperation.
Contribution of Rural Sufism for Strengthening Pancasila Values; Case Study of the Qadiriyah-Naqsabandiyah Congregation in Lamongan
Authors: Sulhatul Habibah  
Published: May 2022

The existence of rural Sufism strengthens the dimensions of spirituality and the values â€‹â€‹of Pancasila. This paper analyzes the contribution of the Qadiriyah-Naqsabandiyah congregation in Kebonagung Village, Babat, Lamongan, for strengthening Pancasila values. From field observations, interviews, and activity analysis, this research found that the strengthening of Pancasila values â€‹â€‹in Kebonagung village resulted from the moral awareness of the Qadiriyah-Naqsabandiyah congregation. The values of Pancasila are the value of divinity with the spirit of religiosity in worship and religious activities, human values â€‹â€‹by maintaining Islamic brotherhood, the value of unity by creating strong social cohesion in society, populist values â€‹â€‹with deliberation in solving problems, the value of justice with the spirit of sharing with others or alms. Strengthening the values â€‹â€‹of Pancasila makes rural Sufism fulfill the requirements of being a good citizen. This study suggests that the rural Sufism movement is an essential part of supporting the existence of Pancasila from below.
Book Review: Indigenous Efflorescence. Beyond revitalisation in Sápmi and Ainu Mosir
Authors: Parfa Koskinen Katarina 
Published: May 2022

This is a book review of an anthropological anthology, Indigenous Efflorescence. Beyond revitalisation in Sápmi and Ainu Mosiredited by Gerhard Roche, Hiroshi Maruyama and Åsa Virdi Kråik (2018). The volume acknowledge ongoing efforts around the globe to revtalise languages and cultures, defining Indigenous efflorescence as a slow revolution occurring almost unnoticeably. Examples from two Indigenous peoples are provided, Sámi and Ainu, giving voice to thirty contributors who describe contexts and practices of ´Indigenous efflorescence´ in a broad variety of settings. The review focusses on the merits of the concept of Indigenous efflorescence with a special emphasis on three of the chapters where digital contexts are provided. (Indigenous) efflorescence is an interesting theoretical concept to investigate in relation to theory and practice in remote teaching, online learning, and distance education for K-12 schools as it stresses the aim with any educational practice, which is the growth and flourishing of those involved. It also offers leverage against simplistic narratives of both decline and progress. This volume does what it sets out to do: offer hope and stimulate projects for supporting Indigenous efflorescence.
Case Report: Pulmonary Vein Isolation as a Tailored Treatment for Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia During Hemodialysis in a Patient With Right Coronary Artery Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Cojocaru Cosmin , Pupăză Adelina , Iorgulescu Corneliu , Onciul Sebastian , Câlmâc Lucian , Vătăşescu Radu 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCatheter ablation of the ventricular substrate can reduce ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrence and mortality in an electrical storm (ES). However, identification and specific treatment of plausible triggers is mandatory and may lead to the resolution of ES.ObjectiveThis case presentation seeks to exemplify how pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) may represent a tailored treatment of ES in cases of ventricular substrate, which only becomes arrhythmogenic during high-rate episodes of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF).ResultsA 54-year-old male with a history of inferior myocardial infarction (MI) and long-term hemodialysis was referred for repetitive implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shocks for apparently scar-related monomorphic VT episodes preceded by PAF initiation strictly during hemodialysis. He had recently undergone ICD implantation for similar episodes of ES preceded by the rapid-ventricular response (RVR) PAF during hemodialysis. The patient had no other history of VTs. Electrocardiogram (EKG) changes occurred exclusively during PAF and suggested functional myocardial ischemia. Coronary angiography demonstrated isolated right coronary artery (RCA) chronic total occlusion (CTO). Cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrated RCA-territory residual myocardial viability and mild LV systolic dysfunction. Surgical revascularization was not feasible due to a history of bilateral above-the-knee post-traumatic amputation and severe calcification of internal mammary (IMA) and radial arteries. Subsequent CTO-percutaneous coronary intervention attempt was unsuccessful. The difficulty of assessing LV-substrate ablation end-points due to the “functional” character of the substrate, which only became arrhythmogenic during hemodialysis-related PAF, was considered. Consequently, PVI was performed rather than VT/VF substrate ablation. Twelve months after PVI, the patient remains free of PAF and VT/VF despite chronic hemodialysis sessions.ConclusionThe ES episodes can be triggered by situational factors, such as RVR-PAF and functional ischemia, during hemodialysis in patients with CTO with otherwise no episodes of VT. Tailored treatment of such factors may lead to long-term VT freedom.
A Set of Reliable Samples for the Study of Biomarkers for the Early Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Konjevod Marcela , Sáiz Jorge , Barbas Coral , Bergareche Alberto , Ardanaz Eva , Huerta José Ma , Vinagre-Aragón Ana , Erro Ma Elena , Chirlaque Ma Dolores , Abilleira Eunate , Ibarluzea Jesús Ma , Amiano Pilar 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, diagnosed according to the clinical criteria that occur in already advanced stages of PD. The definition of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of PD represents a challenge that might improve treatment and avoid complications in this disease. Therefore, we propose a set of reliable samples for the identification of altered metabolites to find potential prognostic biomarkers for early PD.MethodsThis case–control study included plasma samples of 12 patients with PD and 21 control subjects, from the Spanish European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Navarra cohort, part of the EPIC-Spain study. All the case samples were provided by healthy volunteers who were followed-up for 15.9 (±4.1) years and developed PD disease later on, after the sample collection. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of samples.ResultsOut of 40 that were selected and studied due to their involvement in established cases of PD, seven significantly different metabolites between PD cases and healthy control subjects were obtained in this study (benzoic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, myo-inositol, sorbitol, and quinolinic acid). These metabolites are related to mitochondrial dysfunction, the oxidative stress, and the mechanisms of energy production.ConclusionWe propose the samples from the EPIC study as reliable and invaluable samples for the search of early biomarkers of PD. Likewise, this study might also be a starting point in the establishment of a well-founded panel of metabolites that can be used for the early detection of this disease.
Association of IL-1B rs16944 Polymorphism With Acute Encephalopathy With Biphasic Seizures and Late Reduced Diffusion Is Opposite to That of Febrile Seizures
Authors: Shibata Akiko , Kasai Mariko , Hoshino Ai , Mizuguchi Masashi 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveAcute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) is a severe neurologic complication of febrile infectious diseases in children. At the onset, AESD is clinically manifested as febrile status epilepticus. Subsequent damage to the cerebral cortex is ascribed to neurotoxicity. The incidence of AESD is remarkably high in Japan, suggesting the involvement of genetic factors. The expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), a member of the cytokine family involved in the inflammatory response, is reportedly associated with rs16944, a polymorphism in the upstream region of the IL-1B gene, being higher in TT genotype. Previous association studies of rs16944 with febrile seizures (FS) have demonstrated a significant excess in the TT vs. CC + CT genotype in the Asian population. Here, we conducted a case-control association study of rs16944 in AESD.MethodsWe genotyped rs16944 by Sanger sequencing on 283 patients with AESD. As controls, we used genotyping data of 104 Japanese individuals obtained from the 1,000 Genomes Project. Then, we performed a case-control association study using the chi-square test.ResultsThe ratio of individuals with TT vs. those with CC+CT genotype was significantly lower in AESD than in the controls [p-value 0.021, Odds Ratio (OR) 0.52]. This finding was opposite to that of a previously reported FS.ConclusionThe AESD has a genetic background distinct from FS and is not a severe type of FS.
A Comparison Study Between CNN-Based Deformed Planning CT and CycleGAN-Based Synthetic CT Methods for Improving iCBCT Image Quality
Authors: Yang Bo , Chang Yankui , Liang Yongguang , Wang Zhiqun , Pei Xi , Xu Xie George , Qiu Jie 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study is to compare two methods for improving the image quality of the Varian Halcyon cone-beam CT (iCBCT) system through the deformed planning CT (dpCT) based on the convolutional neural network (CNN) and the synthetic CT (sCT) generation based on the cycle-consistent generative adversarial network (CycleGAN).MethodsA total of 190 paired pelvic CT and iCBCT image datasets were included in the study, out of which 150 were used for model training and the remaining 40 were used for model testing. For the registration network, we proposed a 3D multi-stage registration network (MSnet) to deform planning CT images to agree with iCBCT images, and the contours from CT images were propagated to the corresponding iCBCT images through a deformation matrix. The overlap between the deformed contours (dpCT) and the fixed contours (iCBCT) was calculated for purposes of evaluating the registration accuracy. For the sCT generation, we trained the 2D CycleGAN using the deformation-registered CT-iCBCT slicers and generated the sCT with corresponding iCBCT image data. Then, on sCT images, physicians re-delineated the contours that were compared with contours of manually delineated iCBCT images. The organs for contour comparison included the bladder, spinal cord, femoral head left, femoral head right, and bone marrow. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was used to evaluate the accuracy of registration and the accuracy of sCT generation.ResultsThe DSC values of the registration and sCT generation were found to be 0.769 and 0.884 for the bladder (p &lt; 0.05), 0.765 and 0.850 for the spinal cord (p &lt; 0.05), 0.918 and 0.923 for the femoral head left (p &gt; 0.05), 0.916 and 0.921 for the femoral head right (p &gt; 0.05), and 0.878 and 0.916 for the bone marrow (p &lt; 0.05), respectively. When the bladder volume difference in planning CT and iCBCT scans was more than double, the accuracy of sCT generation was significantly better than that of registration (DSC of bladder: 0.859 vs. 0.596, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe registration and sCT generation could both improve the iCBCT image quality effectively, and the sCT generation could achieve higher accuracy when the difference in planning CT and iCBCT was large.
The Association Between Life Events and Incidence of Hypertension Among Government Employees in China: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ouyang Feiyun , He Jun , Cheng Xunjie , Qiu Dan , Li Ling , Bangura Joseph Benjamin , Duan Yanyin , Luo Dan , Xiao Shuiyuan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHypertension (HTN) is a global public health concern. However, the association between life events (LEs) and HTN is complex. Thus, we conducted a prospective cohort study to explore this complex association.MethodsA total of 8,077 government employees without HTN were recruited through cluster sampling between 2018 and 2019 in Hunan Province, China. At baseline, information regarding sociodemographic characteristics, LEs, and behavioral factors was collected. After the 1-year follow-up, the participants were revisited to obtain the HTN diagnosis. Crude and adjusted Poisson regression models were constructed to calculate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cubic regression spline models were used to visualize the trends between LEs and HTN IRRs. Interactive and subgroup analyses were also performed.ResultsThe 1-year HTN incidence rate among government employees in Hunan province was 4.30% (95% CI: 3.86–4.74%). LEs were associated with a higher HTN risk (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00–1.04). When calculating positive and negative LEs scores separately, only the latter was a risk factor for HTN incidence (IRR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.03–1.06); conversely, positive LEs reduced the risk (IRR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.85–0.96). Compared with patients in the lowest quartile of LEs score, those in quartiles two (IRR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.96–1.71), three (IRR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.04–1.96), and four (IRR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.26–2.37) were at progressively higher risk. In restricted spline curves, a non-linear association was noted between LEs and HTN risk. Regarding the subcategories of LEs, work-related LEs, personal LEs, and all subcategories of negative LEs were associated with an increased risk of HTN. However, among positive LEs, only the family-related cases were associated with a lower risk of HTN.ConclusionLEs had a non-linear association with an increased risk of HTN. Negative LEs were risk factors for HTN incidence, whereas positive LEs reduced the risk of HTN. Thus, the importance of LEs should be highlighted in the development of HTN prevention strategies and initiatives.
Whey as Food-Grade Culture Medium on an Industrial Scale That Protects Probiotics During In Vitro Digestion
Authors: Bauer Estrada Katherine , Caldas Abril Miguel , Bonilla Bravo Valentina , Ruiz Monica , Quintanilla-Carvajal María Ximena 
Published: May 2022

Production of probiotics at industrial scale to be used as food supplements involves diverse kinds of processes such as selection of microorganisms, 2) fermentation, 3) drying, and the use of non-food grade commercial culture mediums that should be washed after obtaining the ideal cell concentration. Then, food grade culture medium for probiotics that do not need to be washed and protect the microorganisms through the gastrointestinal tract, is proposed as a low-cost alternative to grow probiotics to be used for incorporation in food. In this way, an experimental design was carried out to obtain the operative conditions for spray drying food-grade culture medium at industrial scale. The factors evaluated were the inlet and outlet temperature and a specific heat treatment before the drying process. As response variables the physical properties of the food-grade medium in powder and the viability count of the probiotic Limosilactobacillus fermentum K73 were evaluated. The viability of four different known probiotics (Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus delbruekii, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Enterococcus faecium) was proved which resulted after 10 h in 10.6, 10.2, 10.1, and 11.2 logCFU/ml, respectively. Also, in vitro digestions of the probiotics in this food-grade medium were carried out and compared with digestions of the probiotics in the commercial medium MRS, demonstrating that the proposed medium protect the probiotics of the gastrointestinal conditions, allowing them to arrive at the intestine at 7.3, 6.8, 7.5 and 7 logCFU/mL, for L. fermentum, L. delbruekii, L. rhamnosus and E. faecium, respectively. Finally, the optimal conditions of the spray drying process were used to reproduce the whey food-grade medium at a large-scale spray dryer (dimensions), this to validate the medium performance in the production of powdered probiotics as L. fermentum.