bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide in silico characterization and stress induced expression analysis of BcL-2 associated athanogene (BAG) family in Musa spp.
Authors: Dash Ashutosh , Ghag Siddhesh B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProgrammed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled process for the selective removal of damaged cells. Though understanding about plant PCD has improved over years, the mechanisms are yet to be fully deciphered. Among the several molecular players of PCD in plants, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene (BAG) family of co-chaperones are evolutionary conserved and regulate cell death, growth and development. In this study, we performed a genome-wide in silico analysis of the MusaBAG gene family in a globally important fruit crop banana. Thirteen MusaBAG genes were identified, out of which MusaBAG1, 7 and 8 genes were found to have multiple copies. MusaBAG genes were distributed on seven out of 11 chromosomes in banana. Except for one paralog of MusaBAG8 all the other 12 proteins have characteristic BAG domain. MusaBAG1, 2 and 4 have an additional ubiquitin-like domain whereas MusaBAG5-8 have a calmodulin binding motif. Most of the MusaBAG proteins were predicted to be localized in the nucleus and mitochondria or chloroplast. The in silico cis-regulatory element analysis suggested regulation associated with photoperiodic control, abiotic and biotic stress. The phylogenetic analysis revealed 2 major clusters. Digital gene expression analysis and quantitative real-time RT-PCR depicted the differential expression pattern of MusaBAG genes under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Further studies are warranted to uncover the role of each of these proteins in growth, PCD and stress responses so as to explore them as candidate genes for engineering transgenic banana plants with improved agronomic traits.
Aging-related cerebral microvascular changes visualized using ultrasound localization microscopy in the living mouse
Authors: Lowerison Matthew R. , Sekaran Nathiya Vaithiyalingam Chandra , Zhang Wei , Dong Zhijie , Chen Xi , Llano Daniel A. , Song Pengfei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAging-related cognitive decline is an emerging health crisis; however, no established unifying mechanism has been identified for the cognitive impairments seen in an aging population. A vascular hypothesis of cognitive decline has been proposed but is difficult to test given the requirement of high-fidelity microvascular imaging resolution with a broad and deep brain imaging field of view, which is restricted by the fundamental trade-off of imaging penetration depth and resolution. Super-resolution ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) offers a potential solution by exploiting circulating microbubbles to achieve a vascular resolution approaching the capillary scale without sacrificing imaging depth. In this report, we apply ULM imaging to a mouse model of aging and quantify differences in cerebral vascularity, blood velocity, and vessel tortuosity across several brain regions. We found significant decreases in blood velocity, and significant increases in vascular tortuosity, across all brain regions in the aged cohort, and significant decreases in blood volume in the cerebral cortex. These data provide the first-ever ULM measurements of subcortical microvascular dynamics in vivo within the context of the aging brain and reveal that aging has a major impact on these measurements.
Characterization of global wildfire burned area spatiotemporal patterns and underlying climatic causes
Authors: Shi Ke , Touge Yoshiya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWildfires are widespread disasters and are concurrently influenced by global climatic drivers. Due to the widespread and far-reaching influence of climatic drivers, separate regional wildfires may have similar climatic cause mechanisms. Determining a suite of global climatic drivers that explain most of the variations in different homogeneous wildfire regions will be of great significance for wildfire management, wildfire prediction, and global wildfire climatology. Therefore, this study first identified spatiotemporally homogeneous regions of burned area worldwide during 2001–2019 using a distinct empirical orthogonal function. Eight patterns with different spatiotemporal characteristics were identified. Then, the relationships between major burned area patterns and sixteen global climatic drivers were quantified based on wavelet analysis. The most significant global climatic drivers that strongly impacted each of the eight major wildfire patterns were identified. The most significant combinations of hotspots and climatic drivers were Atlantic multidecadal Oscillation-East Pacific/North Pacific Oscillation (EP/NP)-Pacific North American Pattern (PNA) with the pattern around Ukraine and Kazakhstan, El Niño/Southern Oscillation-Arctic Oscillation (AO)-East Atlantic/Western Russia Pattern (EA/WR) with the pattern in Australia, and PNA-AO-Polar/Eurasia Pattern-EA/WR with the pattern in Brazil. Overall, these results provide a reference for predicting wildfire and understanding wildfire homogeneity.
One Size Doesn't Fit All: A Pilot Study Toward Performance-Specific Speech Intervention in Children With a Cleft (Lip and) Palate
Authors: Alighieri Cassandra , Bettens Kim , Bruneel Laura , Perry Jamie , Hens Greet , Van Lierde Kristiane 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:Speech-language pathologists usually apply a “one size fits all” approach to eliminate compensatory cleft speech characteristics (CSCs). It is necessary to investigate what intervention works best for a particular patient. This pilot study compared the effectiveness of two therapy approaches (a motor-phonetic approach and a linguistic-phonological approach) on different subtypes of compensatory CSCs in Dutch-speaking children with a cleft (lip and) palate (CP ± L).Method:Fourteen children with a CP ± L (Mage= 7.71 years) were divided into two groups using block randomization stratified by age, gender, and type of compensatory CSC. Six children received intervention to eliminate anterior oral CSCs (n= 3 motor-phonetic intervention,n= 3 linguistic-phonological intervention). Eight children received intervention to eliminate non-oral CSCs (n= 4 motor-phonetic intervention,n= 4 linguistic-phonological intervention). Each child received 10 hr of speech intervention divided over 2 weeks. Perceptual and psychosocial outcome measures were used to determine intervention effects.Results:Children who received linguistic-phonological intervention to eliminate anterior oral CSCs had significantly higher correctly produced consonant scores and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) scores compared to children who received motor-phonetic intervention to eliminate anterior oral CSCs. In the group of children who received intervention to eliminate non-oral CSCs, no significant differences were found in the correctly produced consonant scores nor in the HRQoL scores between the two intervention approaches.Conclusions:Linguistic-phonological intervention seems to be more appropriate to eliminate anterior oral CSCs. The beneficial effects of linguistic-phonological intervention were less pronounced in children with non-oral CSCs. Perhaps, children with non-oral CSCs benefit more from a hybrid phonetic-phonological approach. This study is a step forward in the provision of performance-specific intervention in children with a CP ± L. Replication in larger samples is needed and will aid to tailor treatment plans to the needs of our patients.
Speech as a Biomarker: Opportunities, Interpretability, and Challenges
Authors: Ramanarayanan Vikram , Lammert Adam C. , Rowe Hannah P. , Quatieri Thomas F. , Green Jordan R. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Over the past decade, the signal processing and machine learning literature has demonstrated notable advancements in automated speech processing with the use of artificial intelligence for medical assessment and monitoring (e.g., depression, dementia, and Parkinson's disease, among others). Meanwhile, the clinical speech literature has identified several interpretable, theoretically motivated measures that are sensitive to abnormalities in the cognitive, linguistic, affective, motoric, and anatomical domains. Both fields have, thus, independently demonstrated the potential for speech to serve as an informative biomarker for detecting different psychiatric and physiological conditions. However, despite these parallel advancements, automated speech biomarkers have not been integrated into routine clinical practice to date.

Conclusions:
In this article, we present opportunities and challenges for adoption of speech as a biomarker in clinical practice and research. Toward clinical acceptance and adoption of speech-based digital biomarkers, we argue for the importance of several factors such as robustness, specificity, diversity, and physiological interpretability of speech analytics in clinical applications.
Laboratory and field evaluation of three low‐cost particulate matter sensors
Authors: Ghamari Mohammad , Soltanpur Cinna , Rangel Pablo , Groves William A. , Kecojevic Vladislav 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLow‐cost off‐the‐shelf particulate matter (PM) sensors have the potentiality to be used for evaluating the air quality in outdoor settings. Monitoring of air quality in surface coal mines is an example of such applications. In coal mines, long‐term exposure to inhalation of coal dust is harmful and can lead to coal workers' pneumoconiosis, which is a potentially disabling lung disease. Therefore, continual monitoring of air quality in coal mines is a must and vital and can potentially assist in preventing such diseases. Although, using and deploying of the existing low‐cost and lightweight sensors can help to improve monitoring resolution in a much cost‐effective manner, there are some concerns regarding the reliability of the collected data from these sensors. Therefore, low‐cost PM sensors are required to initially be compared with the standard reference instruments and then be calibrated. In this study, three different types of low‐cost, light‐scattering‐based widely available PM sensors (Shinyei PPD42NS, Sharp GP2Y1010AU0F and Laser SEN0177) are evaluated, compared, and calibrated with the reference instruments in a controlled environment as well as in a field experiment (surface coal mine).
Unveiling the nature of 12 new low-luminosity Galactic globular cluster candidates
Authors: Garro E. R. , Minniti D. , Alessi B. , Patchick D. , Kronberger M. , Alonso-García J. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Gómez M. , Hempel M. , Pullen J. B. , Saito R. K. , Ripepi V. , Zelada Bacigalupo R. 
Published: January 2022

Context. The Galactic globular cluster system is incompletely known, especially in the low-latitude regions of the Galactic bulge and disk. We report the physical characterisation of 12 star clusters in the Milky Way, most of which are explored here for the first time.
Aims. Our primary aim is determining their main physical parameters, such as reddening, extinction, metallicity, age, total luminosity, mean cluster proper motions (PMs), and distances, in order to reveal the physical nature of these clusters.
Methods. We study the clusters using optical and near-infrared (NIR) datasets. In particular, we use the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) PMs in order to perform a PM decontamination procedure and build final catalogues with probable members. We match the Gaia EDR3 with the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea extended (VVVX) survey and the Two Micron All-Sky survey (2MASS) in the NIR, in order to construct complete NIR and optical colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and investigate the clusters properties.
Results. The extinctions are evaluated using existing reddening maps. We find ranges spanning 0.09 ≲ AKs ≲ 0.86 mag and 0.89 ≲ AG ≲ 4.72 mag in the NIR and optical, respectively. Adopting standard intrinsic red clump (RC) magnitudes and extinction values, we first obtain the distance modulus for each cluster and thereafter their heliocentric distances, which range from about 4 to 20 kpc. Therefore, we are able to place these clusters at 3 ≲ RG ≲ 14 kpc from the Galactic centre. The best PARSEC isochrone fit yields a metallicity range of −1.8 < [Fe/H] < +0.3 and an approximate age range of 2 < age < 14 Gyr. Finally, we find that all clusters have low luminosities, with −6.9 < MV < −3.5 mag.
Conclusions. Based on our photometric analysis, we find both open clusters (OCs) and globular clusters (GCs) in our sample. In particular, we confirm the OC nature for Kronberger 100, while we classify Patchick 125 as a metal-poor GC, Ferrero 54 as a metal-rich GC, and ESO 92-18 as a possible old OC or young GC. The classification as GC candidates is also suggested for Kronberger 99, Patchick 122, Patchick 126, Riddle 15, FSR 190, and Gaia 2. We also conclude that Kronberger 119 and Kronberger 143 might be either old OCs or young GCs.
Forschungsprioritäten in der physiotherapeutischen Forschung in Deutschland – Eine systematische Analyse von Publikationen der physioscience der letzten 10 Jahre
Authors: Braun Tobias , Bahns Carolin , Elsner Bernhard , Kopkow Christian 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Forschungsprioritäten können dazu beitragen, Evidenz in den Bereichen zu entwickeln, die für Patient*innen und Kliniker*innen am wichtigsten sind. Forschungsprioritäten werden jedoch in der biomedizinischen Forschung nur unzureichend berücksichtigt.
Ziel Beschreibung der Berücksichtigung von Forschungsprioritäten in der physiotherapeutischen Forschung in Deutschland.
Methode Analyse von physiotherapeutischen Berichten aus Deutschland, die zwischen 2011 und 2020 in der Fachzeitschrift physioscience publiziert wurden. Für jeden eingeschlossenen Bericht wurde die primäre Forschungsfrage und/oder der Hauptgegenstandsbereich identifiziert und, falls möglich, einem spezifischen Gesundheitszustand zugeordnet. Danach wurde für jeden Bericht geprüft, ob eine gesundheitszustandsspezifische Forschungspriorität (von der James Lind Alliance oder aus wissenschaftlichen Datenbanken) bzw. eine der Top 26 der physiotherapiespezifischen Forschungsprioritäten des britischen Berufsverbandes „The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP)“ aus 2018 adressiert wurde. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte deskriptiv.
Ergebnisse Es konnten 78 Berichte in die Analyse eingeschlossen werden. Die häufigsten Studientypen waren Übersichtsarbeiten (17/78, 22 %), Beobachtungsstudien (16/78, 21 %) und Umfragen (13/78, 17 %). Für die Analyse der gesundheitszustandsspezifischen Forschungsprioritäten konnten 51 Berichte berücksichtigt werden. In 51 % dieser Berichte (26/51) wurde eine der 10 wichtigsten Forschungsprioritäten des jeweiligen Themengebiets adressiert. In den übrigen Berichten wurde keine gesundheitszustandsspezifische Forschungspriorität berücksichtigt (13/51, 25 %) oder die Priorität gehörte nicht zu den Top Ten (12/51, 24 %).Für die Analyse der physiotherapeutischen Forschungsprioritäten wurden alle 78 Berichte berücksichtigt. In 21 % dieser Berichte (16/78) wurde eine Top-Ten-Priorität adressiert. In den übrigen Berichten wurde eine weniger wichtige Priorität adressiert (Listenplatz 11–26; 25/78, 32 %) oder das Forschungsthema des Berichts gehörte nicht zu den Top 26 (37/78, 47 %).
Schlussfolgerung Die vorliegende Studie liefert erste Hinweise darauf, dass Forschungsprioritäten in der physiotherapeutischen Forschung in Deutschland nur unzureichend berücksichtigt werden. Ein erheblicher Teil der Forschung scheint somit an den Bedürfnissen von Patient*innen und Kliniker*innen vorbeizugehen. Die Berücksichtigung existierender Forschungsprioritäten und die Entwicklung nationaler Forschungsprioritäten für die Physiotherapie in Deutschland könnten dazu beitragen, den Nutzen der physiotherapeutischen Forschung für die öffentliche Gesundheit zu vergrößern.
Determination of Second Lactate Threshold Using Near-infrared
Spectroscopy in Elite Cyclists
Authors: Salas-Montoro José-Antonio , Mateo-March Manuel , Sánchez-Muñoz Cristóbal , Zabala Mikel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe use of near-infrared spectroscopy could be an interesting alternative to
other invasive or expensive methods to estimate the second lactate threshold.
Our objective was to compare the intensities of the muscle oxygen saturation
breakpoint obtained with the Humon Hex and the second lactate threshold in elite
cyclists. Ninety cyclists performed a maximal graded exercise test. Blood
capillary lactate was obtained at the end of steps and muscle oxygenation was
continuously monitored. There were no differences (p>0.05) between
muscle oxygen oxygenation breakpoint and second lactate threshold neither in
power nor in heart rate, nor when these values were relativized as a percentage
of maximal aerobic power or maximum heart rate. There were also no differences
when men and women were studied separately. Both methods showed a highly
correlation in power (r=0.914), percentage of maximal aerobic power
(r=0.752), heart rate (r=0.955), and percentage of maximum heart
rate (r=0.903). Bland-Altman resulted in a mean difference of
0.05±0.27 W·kg–1, 0.91±4.93%,
0.63±3.25 bpm, and 0.32±1.69% for power, percentage of
maximal aerobic power, heart rate and percentage of maximum heart rate
respectively. These findings suggest that Humon may be a non-invasive and
low-cost alternative to estimate the second lactate threshold intensity in elite
cyclists.
Recurrent Skin Ulcers with Facial Dysmorphism and Sinopulmonary Infections: Thinking Beyond Hyper-IgE Syndrome
Authors: Chidambaram Aakash Chandran , Sugumar Kiruthiga , Sundaravel Selvamanojkumar , Ramamoorthy Jaikumar Govindaswamy , Bathula Siddardha , Dutta Usha R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProlidase deficiency (PD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism causing ulcers and other skin disorders, splenomegaly, developmental delay, and recurrent infections. Most of the literature is constituted of isolated case reports. It occurs due to the mutations in the prolidase gene (PEPD) that result in loss of prolidase activity. We reported here a child who had presented with features compatible with hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) like recurrent skin ulcers, recurrent infections, facial dysmorphism, retained primary teeth, and elevated levels of immunoglobulin E levels but with normal flow cytometric assays, which was later diagnosed as PD.
The Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type 1 (PAI-1) in Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Agersnap Ida , Nissen Peter H. , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is a main inhibitor of fibrinolysis. The PAI-1 gene (SERPINE1) harbors genetic variants with the potential of modifying plasma levels of PAI-1. A delicate balance exists between the coagulation and fibrinolytic system, and changes in PAI-1 have been suggested to compromise establishment of a successful pregnancy. Therefore, this systematic review investigated the association between genetic variants and/or plasma levels of PAI-1 and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. An extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on the 29th of April 2021. All studies underwent quality rating according to The Study Quality Assessment Tools checklist provided by National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. A total of 71 studies were included, among which 60 studies investigated PAI-1 genotypes and 11 studies measured PAI-1 plasma levels. In 32 out of 59 studies, no association was found between the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism (rs1799768) and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, which was stated as no significant difference in the genotype distribution comparing women with and without placenta-mediated pregnancy complications or no significantly increased odds of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications carrying the 4G/4G or 4G/5G genotype. Eight out of 11 studies reported significantly higher PAI-1 plasma levels in preeclamptic women than in women without preeclampsia. In conclusion, no clear evidence indicates that PAI-1 polymorphisms are associated with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications, and the possible association between high PAI-1 plasma levels and preeclampsia needs further investigations. Thus, investigation of PAI-1 genotypes and PAI-1 plasma levels does not currently seem to have a place in daily clinical practice managing placenta-mediated pregnancy complications.
What We Know (and Do not Know) Regarding the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Thrombosis in COVID-19
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Favaloro Emmanuel J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is often complicated by the onset of venous thrombosis and thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing also pulmonary thrombosis. Recent statistics attests that the cumulative frequency of VTE can be as high as 30% in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, increasing to nearly 40 to 70% (depending on systematic screening) in those with severe illness, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit admission. The risk of venous thrombosis seems mostly limited to the active phase of disease, and is directly associated with some genetic (i.e., inherited prothrombotic predisposition) and demographical factors (male sex, overweight/obesity), disease severity (risk increasing progressively from hospitalization to development of severe illness, being the highest in patients needing mechanical ventilation and/or intensive care), presence and extent of pulmonary disease, coexistence of multiple risk factors (immobilization, mechanical ventilation, co- or superinfections), along with increased values of inflammatory and thrombotic biomarkers. At least three different phenotypes of pulmonary thrombosis may develop in COVID-19 patients, one caused by typical embolization from peripheral venous thrombosis (e.g., deep vein thrombosis), a second type triggered by local inflammation of nearby pulmonary tissue, and a third one mostly attributable to the prothrombotic state consequent to the pronounced systemic inflammatory response (i.e., the so-called cytokine storm) that is frequently observed in COVID-19. Although the pathogenesis of these three conditions has different features, their discrimination is essential for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The prognosis of COVID-19 patients who develop pulmonary thrombosis is also considerably worse than those who do not, thus probably needing frequent monitoring and more aggressive therapeutic management.
Additive Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/Re films
Authors: Nomura Akiyo , Gao Tenghua , Haku Satoshi , Ando Kazuya 
Published: January 2022

We report the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI) in Pt/Co/Re films. By measuring the current-induced hysteresis loop shift, we find that the interfacial DMI in the Pt/Co/Re structure is 2.1 pJ/m, which is stronger than that in Ir/Co/Pt asymmetric multilayers. The large DMI in this system can be attributed to an additive DMI at the Pt/Co and Co/Re interfaces; the Co/Re interface hosts a large DMI whose sign is the same as that at the Pt/Co interface. The additive DMI due to the large DMI at the Co/Re interface is consistent with theoretical predictions. The result provides a way to control the formation of chiral spin textures, such as magnetic skyrmions and chiral domain walls.