bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hábitat, Vivienda y Construcción 4.0
Authors: Urias Hiram Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

En la actualidad, para desarrollo adecuado del hábitat y la vivienda y se perfila el uso de las nuevas tecnologías para resolver los grandes problemas que se manifiestan en éstos, y como éstos a su vez pueden ser retomados por el naciente campo de la industria 4.0 (I4.0) y la construcción 4.0 (C4.0); de esta idea se desprende la temática principal este libro, Hábitat, Vivienda y Construcción 4.0.
Para entrar en contexto es necesario conceptualizar la I4.0, la C4.0 y sus componentes principales; Estos conceptos a los cuales diversos autores han catalogado dentro de la denominada “CUARTA REVOLUCIÓN INDUSTRIAL”, son parte fundamental de la automatización y eficientizar del sector de la construcción, con lo que se genera una nueva ventana de oportunidades y de transformación general del mismo.
WARTHOG-HUMAN CONFLICTS IN BORGU SECTOR OF KAINJI LAKE NATIONAL PARK, NIGERIA
Authors: Adeola A. J. , Akande O. A. , Onihunwa J. O. , Sulyman A. , Adeniji O. A. , Alaifa P. O. 
Published: May 2022

This study assessed the impacts of common Warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) on farm crops around Borgu sector of Kainji Lake National Park, Nigeria. Data was obtained with the aid of structured questionnaire in six communities which were purposively selected (Woro, Kemenji, Worumakoto, Maji, Venira and Kanikoko) and questionnaire was randomly administered to the identified farmers. The sample size was put at one hundred and twenty (120) respondents, of which eighty one (81) questionnaires were retrieved. The demographic characteristics of the respondents indicated that age group 31-40 years recorded the highest (39.5%). The finding further revealed that 64.2% of the respondents are Muslim and 65.4% are married. Also majority of the respondents (53.1%) had stay in the study area between 6-10 years. Majority of the respondents agrees that there is presence of Warthog around their farms. The types of crops cultivated by the respondents are Maize, Guinea corn, Rice etc. Majority of the respondents indicated that they have experience crop raiding by Warthog. Types of crops preferred by Common Warthogs showed that Maize is the most preferred. The season of intense crops raiding is the raining season. The various preventive method used by the respondents to prevent Warthogs crop raiding are watch guarding, scare crow and fire/smoke. The possible solution as suggested on how to prevent Warthog-farmers conflicts are compensation and employment. This study confirms that Warthog has an impact of farm lands in the study area by causing much damage on farmer’s crops.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Siswa Dalam Pelajaran Matematika Pokok Bahasan Bangun Datar Melalui Media Konkrit
Authors: Marlina Leni 
Published: May 2022

Pembelajaran akan membosankan jika guru selalu mendominasi kegiatan belajar dan mengajar, sehingga akhirnya siswa akan merasa bosan, jenuh, dan kurang berminat dalam mengikuti pelajaran. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas III SD Negeri 8 Menteng, setelah menggunakan media konkrit berupa Kertas HVS, penggaris, jam dinding, penggaris segi tiga dalam pelajaran matematika pada pokok bahasan Bangun Datar.
Data awal yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini menyebutkan bahwa dari 32 siswa hanya 12 anak yang memperoleh nilai di atas 65 atau dinyatakan tuntas dalam belajar dan 20 anak belum tuntas dalam belajar, karena nilai yang diperoleh masih di bawah 65. Pada siklus I data yang diperoleh menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Data yang diperoleh menyebutkan dari 32 siswa, 17 anak dinyatakan tuntas dalam belajar dan 15 anak belum tuntas dalam belajar. Dari hasil tersebut maka dilanjutkan pada siklus II dan hasilnya menyebutkan peningkatan pemahaman siswa yang signifikan, yaitu siswa tuntas 84 %. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, maka disarankan kepada guru hendaknya menggunakan media pembelajaran atau alat peraga, agar dapat dijadikan alternative sumber belajar dengan mengutamakan keaktivan siswa dan disesuaikan dengan materi yang disampaikan.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Fisika Siswa Kelas XII Menggunakan Media Peraga Bandul Magnetik Pada Model Pembelajaran Inquiry
Authors: Suhardi Suhardi 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan karena dilatar belakangi oleh tidak optimalnya capaian hasil belajar siswa, khususnya untuk materi-materi yang bersifat abstrak. Ketidak optimalan hasil belajar ini terjadi akibat proses pembelajaran yang masih berpusat pada guru, kurangnya pemanfaatan media belajar, serta kurang dilibatkannya pengalaman siswa dalam mengkonstruksi pengetahuannya. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut peneliti memanfaatkan media pembelajaran berupa media peraga bandul magnetik yang diseting pada pembelajaran inquiry dengan harapan hasil belajar siswa dapat mengalami peningkatan.
Penelitian ini dibatasi hanya pada materi Gaya Lorentz untuk pelajaran Fisika di Kelas XII MIPA-2 SMAN 1 Dusun Tengah dengan model penelitian, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Target pencapaian peningkatan hasil belajar adalah 70% nilai ketuntasan klasikal dengan ketuntasan minimal (KKM) 65.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 (dua) siklus dengan hasil belajar yang bervariasi. Pada siklus I hasil belajar secara klasikal yang dicapai adalah 51,4% dengan rata-rata nilai capaian 61,7, sedangkan pada siklus II hasil belajar secara klasikal yang dicapai adalah 94,3% dengan rata-rata nilai capaian 73,2. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan media peraga bandul magnetik pada model pembelajaran inquiry dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Fisika khususnya siswa kelas XII SMAN 1 Dusun Tengah.
Ballast Stabilization with Polyurethane for Use in Desert Areas
Authors: Ghahremani Sina , Zakeri Jabbar-Ali , Samimi Fateme , Movahedi Rad Majid , Esfandiari Mehni Reza , Esmaeili Morteza , Astaraki Farshad 
Published: May 2022

Sand dune accumulation in the railways passing through desert areas leads to ballast softening and settlement, which is one of the major challenges in the ballast maintenance operation. In this regard, ballast infilling with polyurethane could be mentioned as a novel solution that has been less attentional in previous studies. In this matter, in present study using a domestic cost-effective polyurethane, the ballast stabilization has been accomplished and the relevant shear strength parameters have been investigated via a series of large-scale direct shear tests. Since the utilized polyurethane has composed of two different components, in the first stage, the best weight ratios of components have been investigated via a series of compression tests. In this matter, the ratio of 1.5 units polyol to 1 unit isocyanate has been adopted as the best composition. Then, the resulting polyurethane was injected into the ballast to perform large-scale direct shear tests. According to the measurement results, the maximum shear stress, the internal friction angle, and the cohesion coefficient increased by 109%, 9.5%, and 162.5% with respect to the non-stabilized ballast (NSB), respectively. In addition, the dilation angle decreased by 66.4% with the injection of polyurethane into the ballast. Hence, the results indicate increased shear strength and lateral track resistance in the presence of polyurethane, which can prevent lateral deflection and improve track safety. In other words, the mentioned polyurethane has improved the shear parameters of the ballast more significantly than other polyurethanes and has shown its performance in increasing the bearing capacity.
Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Adding Bamboo Culms on Hollow Composite Concrete Column Structures on Axial Capacity
Authors: Muhtadi Sabilul , Umniati B. Sri , Sulton Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

The problem of self-weight in a structure is an important thing to study. This study aims to find a solution to the problem of self-weight by making a hollow column structure. Bamboo is added to the column structure to replace the strength of the concrete volume lost due to voids. The test object consisted of four columns, three hollow columns with the addition of bamboo rods, and one solid column. Variations in the number of bamboo sticks, namely one, two, and four sticks, were inserted into a column with a cross-section of 300x300 mm and a height of 800 mm. The type of bamboo used is petung bamboo with a minimum age of three years with a diameter of ±120 mm. Twelve pieces of bamboo reinforcement measuring 15x10 mm and four pieces of steel reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm were used as the primary reinforcement. For stirrups, closed stirrups with a diameter of 8 mm are used. The load given to the column is an axial load of 900 kN on the top surface of the column. From the results of the study, the presence of cavities and the addition of bamboo stems in the column caused an increase in the value of the axial deformation, from 0.2675 mm in the Solid Column, then Columns A, B, and C increased to 0.2707 mm, 0.2731 mm and 0.2874 mm respectively.ABSTRAKPermasalahan berat sendiri pada suatu struktur menjadi hal yang penting untuk dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan solusi dari permasalahan berat sendiri dengan membuat struktur kolom berongga. Untuk menggantikan kekuatan dari volume beton yang hilang karena rongga, maka ditambahkan bambu ke dalam struktur kolom. Benda uji terdiri dari empat kolom, tiga kolom berongga dengan penambahan batang bambu dan satu kolom solid. Variasi jumlah batang bambu yaitu satu, dua, dan empat batang, dimasukkan ke dalam kolom dengan penampang 300x300 mm dan tinggi 800 mm. Jenis bambu yang digunakan yaitu bambu petung berumur minimal tiga tahun dengan diameter ±120mm. 12 buah tulangan bambu berukuran 15x10 mm dan 4 buah tulangan baja berdiameter 10 mm digunakan sebagai tulangan utama. Untuk sengkang, digunakan sengkang tertutup dengan diameter 8 mm. Beban yang diberikan pada kolom berupa beban aksial sebesar 900 kN pada permukaan atas kolom. Dari hasil penelitian, adanya rongga dan penambahan batang bambu pada kolom menyebabkan kenaikan nilai deformasi aksial, dari 0,2675 mm pada Kolom Solid, lalu Kolom A, B dan C berturut-turut meningkat menjadi 0,2707 mm, 0,2731 mm dan 0,2874 mm.
Revisión sistemática de intervenciones para el tratamiento de la depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer de colon
Authors: Castañeda Salgado Pablo , Gómez Baya Diego 
Published: May 2022

El cáncer es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo. Son conocidas sus consecuencias negativas en la salud mental de las personas que la padecen. Uno de los más comunes en la sociedad es el cáncer de colon. Los pacientes con este tipo de cáncer reciben mayoritariamente atención médica y farmacológica para sus síntomas físicos. El objetivo de esta revisión es dar a conocer y recalcar la importancia de las intervenciones en depresión y ansiedad en pacientes con cáncer de colon. Esta enfermedad no solo afecta al componente somático, el ajuste psicológico también puede verse alterado en multitud de ocasiones. En la actualidad, muchas terapias psicológicas son usadas para reducir los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en los pacientes. Estas propuestas de intervención buscan favorecer las condiciones contextuales, psicosociales, cognitivas, emocionales y conductuales de los enfermos. Hasta la fecha, las intervenciones en salud mental han sido de corte cognitivo-conductual o psicosocial. Los resultados concluyen una visión optimista relacionada con los programas de intervención mental, especialmente en terapias relacionadas con técnicas de promoción de la autoeficacia y la actividad física, mostrando cambios relevantes en los niveles de ansiedad, depresión e incluso calidad de vida de los pacientes con cáncer de colon.
Silk Hydrogel-Mediated Delivery of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 Directly to Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue Increases Browning and Energy Expenditure
Authors: Townsend Kristy L. , Pritchard Eleanor , Coburn Jeannine M. , Kwon Young Mi , Blaszkiewicz Magdalena , Lynes Matthew D. , Kaplan David L. , Tseng Yu-Hua 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Increasing the mass and/or activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is one promising avenue for treating obesity and related metabolic conditions, given that BAT has a high potential for energy expenditure and is capable of improving glucose and lipid homeostasis. BAT occurs either in discrete “classical” depots, or interspersed in white adipose tissue (WAT), termed “inducible/recruitable” BAT, or ‘beige/brite’ adipocytes. We and others have demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) induces brown adipogenesis in committed and uncommitted progenitor cells, resulting in increased energy expenditure and reduced weight gain in mice. BMP7 is therefore a reliable growth factor to induce browning of WAT.Methods: In this study, we sought to deliver BMP7 specifically to subcutaneous (sc)WAT in order to induce tissue-resident progenitor cells to differentiate into energy-expending recruitable brown adipocytes, without off-target effects like bone formation, which can occur when BMPs are in the presence of bone progenitor cells (outside of WAT). BMP7 delivery directly to WAT may also promote tissue innervation, or directly activate mitochondrial activity in brown adipocytes, as we have demonstrated previously. We utilized silk protein in the form of an injectable hydrogel carrying BMP7. Silk scaffolds are useful for in vivo delivery of substances due to favorable material properties, including controlled release of therapeutic proteins in an active form, biocompatibility with minimal immunogenic response, and prior FDA approval for some medical materials. For this study, the silk was engineered to meet desirable release kinetics for BMP7 in order to mimic our prior in vitro brown adipocyte differentiation studies. Fluorescently-labeled silk hydrogel loaded with BMP7 was directly injected into WAT through the skin and monitored by non-invasive in vivo whole body imaging, including in UCP1-luciferase reporter mice, thereby enabling an approach that is translatable to humans.Results: Injection of the BMP7-loaded silk hydrogels into the subcutaneous WAT of mice resulted in “browning”, including the development of multilocular, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-positive brown adipocytes, and an increase in whole-body energy expenditure and skin temperature. In diet-induced obese mice, BMP7-loaded silk delivery to subcutaneous WAT resulted in less weight gain, reduced circulating glucose and lower respiratory exchange ratio (RER).Conclusions: In summary, BMP7 delivery via silk scaffolds directly into scWAT is a novel translational approach to increase browning and energy expenditure, and represents a potential therapeutic avenue for delivering substances directly to adipose depots in pursuit of metabolic treatments.
Construction of Machine Learning Models to Predict Changes in Immune Function Using Clinical Monitoring Indices in HIV/AIDS Patients After 9.9-Years of Antiretroviral Therapy in Yunnan, China
Authors: Li Bingxiang , Li Mingyu , Song Yu , Lu Xiaoning , Liu Dajin , He Chenglu , Zhang Ruixian , Wan Xinrui , Zhang Renning , Sun Ming , Kuang Yi-Qun , Li Ya 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate trends in clinical monitoring indices in HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) at baseline and after treatment in Yunnan Province, China and to provide the basis for guiding clinical treatment to obtain superior clinical outcomes.MethodsA total of 96 HIV/AIDS patients who had started and persisted in highly active ART treatment from September 2009 to September 2019 were selected. Of these, 54 had a CD4 cell count &lt; 200 cells/μl while 42 had a CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cells/μl. Routine blood tests, liver and renal function, and lipid levels were measured before and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after treatment. Lymphocyte subset counts and viral load were measured once per year, and recorded for analysis and evaluation. Three machine learning models (support vector machine [SVM], random forest [RF], and multi-layer perceptron [MLP]) were constructed that used the clinical indicators above as parameters. Baseline and follow-up results of routine blood and organ function tests were used to analyze and predict CD4+ T cell data after treatment during long-term follow-up. Predictions of the three models were preliminarily evaluated.ResultsThere were no statistical differences in gender, age, or HIV transmission route in either patient group. Married individuals were substantially more likely to have &lt;200 CD4+ cells/μl. There was a strong positive correlation between ALT and AST (r = 0.587) and a positive correlation between CD4 cell count and platelet count (r = 0.347). Platelet count was negatively correlated with ALT (r = -0.229), AST (r = -0.251), and positively correlated with WBCs (r = 0.280). Compared with the CD4 cell count &lt; 200 cells/μl group, all three machine learning models exhibited a better predictive capability than for patients with a CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cells/μl. Of all indicators, the three models best predicted the CD4/CD8 ratio, with results that were highly consistent. In patients with a CD4 cell count &lt; 200 cells/μl, the SVM model had the best performance for predicting the CD4/CD8 ratio, while the CD4/CD8 ratio was best predicted by the RF model in patients with a CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cells/μl.ConclusionBy the incorporation of clinical indicators in SVM, RF, and MLP machine learning models, the immune function and recuperation of HIV/AIDS patients can be predicted and evaluated, thereby better guiding clinical treatment.
Adsorption Characteristics and Pore Structure of Organic-Rich Shale With Different Moisture Contents
Authors: Liu Yan , Cao Qian , Ye Xin , Dong Li 
Published: May 2022

A moisture equilibration test has been designed to study the pore structure and adsorption capacity of organic-rich shale with different moisture contents. Five humidity environments were artificially controlled to obtain shale samples with different moisture contents. With the moisture equilibration test and N2 adsorption/desorption, the differences in pore structure of samples with different moisture contents were compared and analysed. The results showed that the diameter of 2–10 nm pores decreased with increasing humidity and that the moisture adsorption characteristics conformed to the GAB adsorption model. It is proposed that when moisture enters a sample, monolayer adsorption will first occur because moisture is preferentially adsorbed on the pore surface with strong hydrophilicity, filling in the relatively small pores. Mesopores and micropores play a major role in water adsorption. With increasing humidity, capillary condensation of moisture gradually occurs in pores. Based on the methane isothermal adsorption test of shale samples with different moisture contents, a quantitative linear relationship between the moisture content and methane adsorption capacity of shale samples has been established. It has been determined that the methane adsorption capacity of shale in underwater conditions is less than that of dry samples, and that the rate of decline in the adsorption capacity of different samples under dry and water balance conditions varies greatly. The distribution characteristics of clay minerals are the main controlling factor of the hydrophilicity of shale, which has a certain guiding significance for further accurate evaluation of shale adsorption gas reserves.
Extreme Hydrological Events and Reservoir Methane Emissions
Authors: Sherman Bradford S. , Ford Phillip W. 
Published: May 2022

Floating chamber measurements of CH4 emissions from Cotter Reservoir (Canberra, Australia) were performed on five occasions between October 2010 and April 2012. The timing of the measurements spanned the first major flood events that followed drought-breaking rains that ended the Millenium Drought in southeast Australia. The flood events were the largest in 26 years and followed the 3 lowest flow years on record. The floods warmed the hypolimnion of this normally monomictic reservoir by ∼8°C during the first summer and by ∼3°C during the second summer of the study compared to “normal” summer hypolimnion temperatures. In addition, the floods carried large amounts of vegetation and soil that had accumulated in the catchment during previous years. Average CH4 emissions prior to the flooding were low (4.3 mg-CH4 m−2 d−1) and relatively uniform across 8 measurement sites spaced along the long axis of the reservoir. Following the first floods, which occurred during spring and summer 2010–2011, the mean reservoir CH4 emission increased to 99 mg-CH4 m−2 d−1 with emissions at the upstream end of the reservoir approximately 100 times greater than emissions near the dam wall. The following year (2011–2012) average emissions were lower (30 mg-CH4 m−2 d−1) and the longitudinal gradient weakened. A major flood occurred in autumn 2012 and warmed the hypolimnion by ∼3 C, but emissions did not change much in response. We hypothesize that the changes in mean reservoir CH4 emission can be attributed to both thermal enhancement of sediment methanogenesis by a factor of 2–7, and to the supply of fresh organic matter from the catchment by a factor of 3.
Placental DNA Methylation Abnormalities in Prenatal Conotruncal Heart Defects
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Wu Yuduo , Sun Hairui , Liu Xiaowei , Gu Xiaoyan , Zhao Ying , Zhang Ye , Han Jiancheng , He Yihua 
Published: May 2022

Objective: This study aims to characterize the abnormal changes in placental DNA methylation associated with conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) and the level of methylation as epigenetic biomarkers for CTDs detection.Methods: This was a prospective study involving 28 fetuses diagnosed with CTDs in the second trimester at Beijing Anzhen Hospital between September 2020 and June 2021. These cases were classified into four groups based on their subtypes. 12 normal fetuses were used as controls. Placental tissue was obtained after inducing labor in fetuses. To identify differential methylation sites (DMSs) and regions (DMRs) in cases vs. controls, an Infinium Human Methylation 850 k bead chip was used. Differential methylation was assessed by comparing the β-values for individual CpG loci. Based on the p-value (&lt;0.05), the most discriminating CpG sites were identified. The area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve (AUC) was used to determine the predictive accuracy of CpG loci with significant methylation changes for CTDs. The function of genes was assessed through KEGG enrichment analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, and KEGG pathway analysis.Results: In comparison to the control group, the DNA methylation of the placental tissue is significantly different in fetuses with CTDs. We identified the most significantly different methylated loci and they demonstrated excellent individual predictive accuracy for CTDs detection with AUC &gt;0.9 in cases compared with controls. HOXD9, CNN1, NOTCH1, and ECE1 were identified as CTDs-detection candidate genes.Conclusion Our study established the abnormal changes in placental methylation associated with CTDs and potential epigenetic biomarkers for CTDs detection.