bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sarcopenia is associated with reduced 5-year survival in cirrhotic patients with age ≥ 65 and Child-Pugh score ≥ 7
Authors: Hou Wei , Wu Jing , Wang Kefei , Wang Zheng , Wang Zhongying , Chen Feng , Yu Hongwei , Meng Qinghua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is prevalent worldwide and has a detrimental effect on the quality of life in cirrhosis patients. This study aimed to explore how the 5-year survival rate differs between young and older cirrhotic patients, as well as between patients with and without sarcopenia.
Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 320 cirrhotic patients. All patients were followed-up every 6 months for up to 5 years. Patients were divided into two groups (148 with sarcopenia and 172 without sarcopenia) according to the third lumbar skeletal muscle mass index [L3-SMI]. Furthermore, we compared difference in survival rates between young (< 65 years) and older patients, as well as between patients with and without sarcopenia.
Results
No significant difference was observed in clinical and biochemical parameters between young and old patients; however, significant difference was found in mid-arm muscle circumference, grip strength, and L3-SMI. Patients with sarcopenia were associated with worse 5-year survival rates than those without sarcopenia, regardless of their age group. Particularly, this effect was statistically significant in subgroups of Child-Pugh score ≥ 9. However, for patients aged 65 and over, the difference in 5-year survival rates between patients with and without sarcopenia was only statistically significant in subgroups of Child-Pugh score ≥ 7.
Conclusions
Sarcopenia is associated with poor prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. This effect is especially prominent in patients with age ≥ 65 and Child-Pugh score ≥ 7. Future studies focusing on nutritional intervention are warranted to confirm the effect of targeting sarcopenia on the long-term prognosis.
Dynamic and steady-state performance analysis of a linear solenoid parallel elastic actuator (LSPEA) with nonlinear stiffness
Authors: Lu Shizhou , Wang Chuchao , Luo Ansheng , Li Yu , Gao Gan , Gao Jun , Cheng Zhen , Liu Xiaohan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to predict and evaluate the response time and displacement of a large-stroke, high-speed micro-LSPEA under different currents and springs, numerical and analytical methods are used to obtain the dynamic and steady-state performance indicators of the nonlinear system. Firstly, the analytic functions of the electromagnetic force and the magnetic field distribution were presented. The nonlinear vibration equation was obtained by dynamic modeling. The averaging method and the KBM method were employed to obtain analytical solutions of the undamped system. The equivalent linearization of the damped nonlinear system was performed to obtain the approximate analytical solutions of performance indicators. Finally, the displacement of the actuator equipped with different springs was measured experimentally. Meanwhile, the transient network was constructed by Simulink software to solve the nonlinear equation numerically. The displacement curves and performance indicators obtained by experiment, numerical and analytical methods are compared. The maximum errors of the peak time, overshoot and steady displacement through experiment and simulation are 8.4 ms, 4.36% and 0.59 mm, respectively. The solution result of the vibration equation considering stiffness nonlinearity can reflect the dynamic and steady-state performance of the LSPEA within a certain error, which is helpful for the solution of nonlinear systems caused by multi-physics coupling.
Ab initio Real-Time Quantum Dynamics of Charge Carriers in Momentum Space
Authors: Zheng Zhenfa , Shi Yongliang , Zhou Jin-jian , Prezhdo Oleg , Zheng Qijing , Zhao Jin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Application of the nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) approach is severely limited to studying carrier dynamics in the momentum space, since a supercell is required to sample the phonon excitation and electron-phonon (e-ph) interaction at different momenta in a molecular dynamics simulation. Here, we develop an ab initio approach for the real-time quantum dynamics for charge carriers in the momentum space (NAMD_k) by directly introducing the e-ph coupling into the Hamiltonian based on the harmonic approximation. The NAMD_k approach maintains the quantum zero-point energy and proper phonon dispersion, and includes memory effects of phonon excitation. The application of NAMD_k to the hot carrier dynamics in graphene reveals the phonon-specic relaxation mechanism. An energy threshold of 0.2 eV, defined by two optical phonon modes strongly coupled to the electrons, separates the hot electron relaxation into fast and slow regions with the lifetimes of pico- and nano-seconds, respectively. The NAMD_k approach provides a powerful tool to understand real-time carrier dynamics in the momentum space for different materials.
In situ genesis of selective adsorption sites by complex catalytic redox dynamics
Authors: Sandoval-Diaz Luis , Cruz Daniel , Götsch Thomas , Plodinec Milivoj , Hammud Adnan , Ivanov Danail , Hävecker Michael , Schlögl Robert , Knop-Gericke Axel , Lunkenbein Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Several in situ studies have revealed spatiotemporal dynamics on heterogeneous catalysts surfaces under chemical stimuli1-4, which presumably control the activity, selectivity, and productivity5-11. However, operando validations of sufficient spacetime resolution12 are often missing, and hence, the effect of these dynamics on catalytic performance may not be entirely clear. Here, using dry reforming of methane over Ni as an example, we demonstrate the relevance of catalytic redox dynamics for reaction performance and determine their genesis from adaptive chemistry and continual catalytic cycling. By combining operando scanning electron microscopy and near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we found that activation sites for methane and carbon dioxide differed but continually transformed into each other during the reaction. This behavior enabled a self-sustained oscillating regime evincing the sequential formation of active sites. We also found that not all spatiotemporal dynamics accounted for the catalytic function. We highlight the importance of oscillating reactions for mechanistic studies and propose that the generation of mechanical strain at the catalyst during redox cycling acted as a feedback element for the oscillations. These observations lead to deeper understanding of fundamental catalysis and open new opportunities for tuning catalytic performances.
Magnetic pomegranate peels activated carbon (MG-PPAC) composite for Acid Orange 7 dye removal from wastewater
Authors: Khalil Asmaa , Nazir Muhammad Altaf , Salem Mohamed , Ragab Safaa , Nemr Ahmed El 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A magnetic pomegranate peels activated carbon (MG-PPAC) composite was prepared as an effective adsorbent for Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye removal from wastewater. The effects of impregnation ratio and activation temperatures (600–900°C) on the specific surface area, and pore morphology were studied. The synthesized composite MG-PPAC was considered by BET, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, XRD and VSM. The prepared magnetic composite at 700°C activation temperature and impregnation ratio 1/2 (peels/ZnCl2) exhibited 513.34 m2 g− 1 surface area, 0.4025 cm3 g–1 volume of the total pores, and 3.1364 nm mean diameter of the pores. The magnetization saturation (Ms), remanence (Mr) and coercivity (Hc) of the MG-PPA composite were 14.116 emu/g, 0.50685 emu/g, and 19.705 G, respectively. Also, the composite MG-PPAC was in a super-paramagnetic state at room temperature and could be gathered within 5 S (less than 5 S) with an external magnetic field. Impact of pH, adsorbent dose, initial concentration of adsorbate (AO7 dye), and time of contact have been studied to optimize the removal process. The Langmuir (LIM), Freundlich (FIM) and Tempkin (TIM) isotherm models were used to investigate MG-PPAC adsorption behavior for AO7 dye. Applicability of Langmuir isotherm model (LIM) demonstrates a monolayer adsorption AO7 dye removal process, and the maximum monolayer capacity (Qm) attained from linear solvation of LIM is 322.58 mg g–1. Also, the adsorption process was tested using PFOM, PSOM, IPDM, FDM, and E. The pseudo-second order model is well-fitted to the operational data of AO7 dye removal (R2 = 0.983–1.0) related to the other kinetic models.
Association between serum uric acid and fasting plasma glucose level in non-diabetic, pre-diabetic and diabetic adults: a population-based study in China
Authors: Liu Yining , Liang Peifeng , Chen Chen , Shi Hongjuan , Luan Hong , Shi Chao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in a general population from Northwest China.
Methods: The current study used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, which investigated the prevalence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. All subjects underwent SUA and FPG test. Generalized additive model and two-piece wise linear regression models were applied to explore the relationships between SUA and FPG level. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) was further taken as the index of insulin resistance, and its mediating effects on the association between SUA and FPG level was analyzed.
Results: A total of 10 217 individuals aged 18 and over were included in the current analysis. Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between SUA and FPG level and the inflection points of FPG levels in the curves were 6.5mmol/L in male and 8.8mmol/L in female respectively. TyG is an intermediate variable in the relationship between SUA and elevated FPG level, the mediating effect of which are 12.82% (P<0.001) and 34.02% (P<0.001) in male and female respectively.
Conclusions: Inverted U-shaped associations between FPG and SUA levels were observed in both genders. The threshold of FPG level was generally lower in male than in female. The association is partly mediated through insulin insistence.
A Dual Functional Ti-Ga Alloy: Inhibiting Biofilm Formation and Osteoclastogenesis Differentiation via Disturbing Iron Metabolism
Authors: Li Fupeng , Huang Kai , Yuan Kai , Yang Yiqi , Liu Yihao , Zhou Xianhao , Kong Keyu , Yang Tao , He Jian , Ao Haiyong , Liu Qian , Tang Tingting , yang shengbing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground Although biomedical implants have been widely used in orthopedic treatments, two major clinical challenges remained to be solved, one is the bacterial infection resulting in biofilm formation, and the other is aseptic loosening during implantation due to over-activated osteoclastogenesis. These factors can cause many clinical issues and even lead to implant failure. Thus, it is necessary to endow implants with antibiofilm and aseptic loosening-prevention properties, to facilitate the integration between implants and bone tissues for successful implantation. To achieve this goal, this study aimed to develop a biocompatible titanium alloy with antibiofilm and anti-aseptic loosening dual function by utilizing gallium (Ga) as a component. Methods A series of Ti-Ga alloys were prepared. We examined the Ga content, Ga distribution, hardness, biocompatibility, and anti-biofilm performancein vitroandin vivo. We also explored how Ga3+ions inhibited the biofilm formation ofS. aureusandE. coliand osteoclast differentiation. Results The alloy exhibited outstanding antibiofilm properties against bothS. aureusandE. coli in vitroand decent antibiofilm performance againstS. aureus in vivo. The proteomics results demonstrated that Ga3+ions could disturb the bacterial Fe metabolism of bothS. aureusandE. coli, inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation. In addition, Ti-Ga alloys could inhibit receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent osteoclast differentiation and function by targeting iron metabolism, then suppressing the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thus, showing their potential to prevent aseptic loosening. Conclusions This study provides an advanced Ti-Ga alloy that can be used as a promising orthopedic implant raw material for various clinical scenarios. This work also revealed that iron metabolism is the common target of Ga3+ions to inhibit biofilm formation and osteoclast differentiation.
RNA-sep analysis of circular RNAs and ceRNA networks in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yicun , Dong Zhixing , Chen Weijie , Cheng Tiaochun , Chen Lin , Ju Linling , Cai Weihua , Luo Xi , Bian Zhaolian 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
An increasing number of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as emerging competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) that play important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but numerous circRNAs remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of differentially expressed circRNAs and their ceRNA networks in HCC.
Methods
Second-generation sequencing technology was used to analyse the expression of circRNAs in cancerous and paired paraneoplastic tissues from five patients with HCC. The circRNAs with a P value of less than 0.01, with an original signal value greater than 100 and ranked among the top ten upregulated circRNAs were selected and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) in paired cancer and paraneoplastic tissues from another 34 HCC patients. The downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of the circRNAs were explored through database analysis, and finally, the ceRNA networks and circRNA–miRNA–mRNA axes based on these ten circRNAs were constructed.
Results
By sequencing, we identified 9658 differentially expressed circRNAs on all chromosomes, of which 3862 were significantly upregulated and 5796 were significantly downregulated. RT-qPCR was performed to validate the top ten upregulated circRNAs, and the results were generally consistent with the sequencing results. After qRT‒PCR validation, five circRNAs (hsa_circ_0079875, hsa_circ0091580, hsa_circ0091581, hsa_circ0004788 and hsa_circ_0059730) were selected for further analysis. First, the downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of these five circRNAs were predicted to construct circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA network diagrams. The 1482 upregulated mRNAs identified in the GEPIA database overlapped with the 278 mRNAs in the ceRNA networks, and 14 overlapping genes were identified. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed four mRNAs (ADSL, AP3B1, MAPRE1, and TRNP1) and five circRNA–miRNA–mRNA axes that were negatively correlated with HCC prognosis.
Conclusions
Numerous differentially expressed circRNAs exist in HCC, and most can regulate the biological behaviour of HCC through circRNA-miRNA‒mRNA networks. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the ceRNA regulatory axes in HCC have high diagnostic and prognostic value and deserve further exploration. This study aims to provide new research ideas related to HCC pathogenesis and treatment options.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect neurological function after traumatic brain injury by suppressing microglial transformation to the proinflammatory phenotype and activating exosomal NGF/TrkA signaling
Authors: lin long , Zheng Shaorui , Lai Jinqing , Ye Dan , Huang Qiaomei , Wu Zhe , Chen Xiangrong , wang shousen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The transformation of microglia to a pro-inflammatory phenotype at the site of traumatic brain injury (TBI) drives the progression of secondary neurodegeneration and irreversible neurological impairment. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to suppress this phenotype transformation, thereby reducing neuroinflammation following TBI, but the molecular mechanisms are unknown. We found that Omega-3 PUFA suppressed the expression of disintegrin metalloproteinase (ADAM17), the enzyme required to convert tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) to the soluble form, thereby inhibiting the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway both in vitro and in a mouse model of TBI. Omega-3 PUFA also prevented the reactive transformation of microglia and promoted the secretion of microglial exosomes containing nerve growth factor (NGF), activating the neuroprotective NGF/TrkA pathway both in culture and TBI model mice. Moreover, Omega-3 PUFA suppressed the pro-apoptotic NGF/P75NTR pathway at the TBI site and reduced apoptotic neuronal death, brain edema, and disruption of the blood–brain barrier. Finally, Omega-3 PUFA preserved sensory and motor function as assessed by two broad-spectrum test batteries. The beneficial effects of Omega-3 PUFA were blocked by an ADAM17 promotor and by a NGF inhibitor, confirming the pathogenic function of ADAM17 and the central neuroprotective role of NGF. Collectively, these findings provide a strong experimental basis for Omega-3 PUFA as a potential clinical treatment for TBI.
A Conservative Hyperchaostic Memristor System with Extreme Multistability
Authors: Li Yuxia , Du Tianyi , Chang Hui , Wang Mingfa , Zhang Kun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a voltage-controlled memristor and constructs its simulation circuit by series-parallel connections with other electronic components. Based on it, a nonlinear system is designed and comprehensively analyzed. And it is found that the system has two Lyapunov exponents greater than zero and the sum of all Lyapunov exponents is approximately zero. This indicates that the system is a conservative hyperchaotic system. Phase diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, Poincare maps, power spectrums, etc. are used to analyze the complex dynamics of the system. Surprisingly, a type of quasiperiod-hyperchaos switching and an infinite number of coexistence attractors are explored. And the Multisim circuit is constructed. simulation of the system verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis.
Transurethral en bloc resection of a bladder perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa): a case report
Authors: Zeng Shi-Ping , Sun Yi-Fei , Ye Jun-Bing , Zeng Ke , Li Xiao-Bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor with distinct histologic and immunologic features. PEComa originating in the bladder is extremely rare clinically, with only 35 cases reported in the English literature so far. We report the first case of bladder PEComa resection by transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumor (ERBT).
Case presentation:
A 66-year-old woman presented to our hospital with an ultrasound finding of a slightly strong echogenic mass of about 1.5×1.3×1.3 cm in size on the posterior wall of the bladder. The patient did not have any clinical symptoms during the disease. The enhanced computed tomography and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after admission both suggested a well-defined isolated nodular mass on the posterior wall of the bladder with significant enhancement on the enhanced scan. The tumor was successfully and completely resected by ERBT. Postoperative pathological examination and immunohistochemical results confirmed that the mass was bladder PEComa. No tumor recurrence was observed in the six-month postoperative follow-up.
Conclusions:
Bladder PEComa is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor of the urinary system. When imaging and cystoscopy revealed a nodular mass with an abundant blood supply in the bladder, PEComa should be included in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors. Surgical resection is currently the main option for the treatment of bladder PEComa. For solitary, with pedicle, narrow-basal, small-sized bladder PEComa, resection of the tumor by ERBT is safe and feasible.
An Eye Movement Analysis of Differential Outcomes Training: The Role of Inhibition
Authors: Plaza Victoria , Tannion Kyran , Arnal Lorena A. , Gerhardstein Peter , Estévez Ángeles F. , Fuentes Luis J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

When differential outcomes follow correct responses to each of multiple to-be-learned associations between a sample stimulus and a comparison stimulus (the differential outcomes procedure, DOP), performance is significantly better in comparison with when the associated stimuli and the outcomes are matched randomly (the non-differential outcomes procedure, NOP). In the present study we aimed to explore the effects of using the DOP versus the NOP in participants performing an eye-movement version of the matching-to-sample task. In the first phase, participants were presented with a sample stimulus followed by an associated comparison stimulus, and then a third stimulus served as the outcome that was presented according to the DOP or NOP scheme. In the second phase, after the sample stimulus, a comparison stimulus display was presented containing the associated stimulus (i.e., the relevant stimulus associated with the sample stimulus), the non-associated stimulus (i.e., the irrelevant stimulus associated with the other sample stimulus), and two distractor stimuli. Eye movements were recorded for each type of comparison stimulus. When we compared the pattern of eye movements between the DOP and NOP, we observed a tendency to produce a lower number of refixations to the associated comparison stimulus and a significant higher number of refixations to the non-associated and distractor comparison stimuli in the DOP compared to the NOP. These results suggest that in the first phase of the DOP, during each sample-comparison trial, the non-presented sample-comparison pair was inhibited, requiring more glances for identification during the second phase. Here we provide first evidence for the role of inhibitory processes in the context of the DOP.
Exploring chia seed for development of functional cookies-nutritional, phytochemical, textural, amino acid and fatty acid profiling
Authors: Jan Tabeen , Hussain Syed Zameer , Rafiq Aasima , Naseer Bazila , Naqash Saadiya , Shafi Fauzia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Salvia hispanica (Chia seeds) are considered as novel super food due to its superior nutritional, phytochemical composition and therapeutic potential which drives its increased utilization. This study was aimed to formulate nutritionally enriched cookies by utilizing Chia seed as a functional component.The chia seed flour proportion (5–80%), baking time (9–18 minutes), and baking temperature(150–175°C) were varied by Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). Based on the desirable cookie characteristics and overall acceptability, design expert predicted that the cookies prepared using chia seed flour: wheat flour (20:80), baking temperature (170°C) and baking time (16min) were highly acceptable. Nutritional composition of cookies enriched with chia seeds revealed the enhancement in protein, fat, minerals, and vitamins. The enrichment of cookies with chia seed improved the bioactive composition as well. The antioxidant activity and total phenolic contentwas54% and 65% higher in developed cookies compared to market one. Overall, an increase in the fatty acid profile was observed viz. α-linolenic acid enhanced from 7.1 to 22%, linolenic acid from 4.6 to 18% and oleic acid from 9.5 to 14.6% in market cookies and optimized chia seed flour incorporated cookies, respectively. Among the minerals significant increase was observed in calcium and phosphorus levels. Lysine, methionine and valine showed a significant increase as compared to market sample. The results implied that chia seed can be successfully used in formulating nutritionally superior cookies with better sensory and textural acceptability.