bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental and community views on determinants of sexual abuse of adolescent girls with disabilities in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md. Khobair , Islam Md. Nazrul , Rahman Md. Hafizur , Alam S.M. Shafiul , Mustary Tarana , Pasa Kamal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Adolescent girls with disabilities are more susceptible to sexual abuse, according to studies conducted around the world. Adolescent girls with disabilities had roughly double the lifetime risk of sexual assault compared to non-disabled girls. Current evidence is empirically limited and there is an urgent need to explore the underlying causes of sexual abuse to disable girls from a local perspective. By leaving the underlying determinants of sexual abuse to disable girls unexplored, it may further exacerbate vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to identify the determinants that influence sexual abuse of adolescent girls with disabilities from the perspective of their parents and the wider community. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted among parents of victims and different community groups in five localities of Rajshahi district. Four themes were developed from interviews with participants including victimization, perpetration, vulnerability and risk, and protection of adolescent girls with disabilities. Emerging sub-themes were defined as determinants of sexual abuse. Victimization was perceived with victim centered determinants including disable girl’s physical disability, misunderstandings about inappropriate behavior and inability to report an abuse. The household centered determinants were poverty with limited social capacity of family, maternal unawareness and low level of education, and inability to access legal aid. Participants selected determinants of perpetration, including offender’s economic and political power, opportunities to negotiate after abuse, and inappropriate touching sometimes treated as permissive care. The two main determinants cited that increase the vulnerability and risk of sexual abuse were poor living arrangements and living away from biological parents. As recommendation, emphasis was placed on ensuring strong family connections with disable girls for protection and social support from relatives and neighbors as well as fostering empathy among all.
Failure energy evolution of coal-rock combination with different inclinations
Authors: YU Yongjiang , Liu Jingjing , Yang Yuntao , Wang Pengbo , Wang Zhenmeng , Song Zhiyuan , Liu Jiaming , Zhao Shangqing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to study the energy evolution characteristics and damage mechanism of coal-rock assemblages with different inclination angles in the process of deformation and damage under different circumferential pressures. The test results show that: the damage of the specimens is mainly caused by bevel shear damage and tensile damage; the deformation and damage of the coal rock assemblage are distributed as a negative exponential function of the inclination angle, and the change of the surrounding pressure has a significant effect on the energy; based on the brittleness index value of the coal rock assemblage, the evolution of the brittleness index and Based on the brittleness index values, the evolution law between the brittleness index and the inclination angle and the surrounding pressure of coal rock assemblage is explored, and the mechanism of the change of inclination angle in the deformation and damage of coal rock assemblage with different inclination angles on the plastic yielding degree, energy dissipation level, crack extension and fracture speed in the pre-peak stage is revealed.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices toward Food Safety among Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Md. Taif , Mahmud Sultan , Mohsin Md , Mian Ashraf Uddin , Islam Ariful , Ahmed Fee Faysal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Foodborne diseases are a preventable but under-reported public health issue. These illnesses are a public health concern and contribute significantly to healthcare costs. People must understand how their knowledge, attitudes, and practices affect food safety and how they can reduce the risk of foodborne illness. This study aimed at investigating knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward food safety among Bangladeshi students.
Methods
The research is based on a cross-sectional anonymous online survey that took place from January 1st to February 15th, 2022. Participants in this survey had to be at least 8th-grade students enrolled in Bangladeshi institutions. Upon description of the study's aim, the questionnaire's concept, assurances regarding respondents' confidentiality, and the study's voluntary nature, informed consent was taken from each participant before starting the survey. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were used to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of students and identify factors affecting them.
Results
A total of 777 students participated in the study, the majority of them were male (63.96%) and aged between 18–25 years (60%). Almost half of the respondents were at the undergraduate level and less than half of the participants (45%) lived with their families. Among the participants, around 47% had adequate knowledge, 87% had favorable attitudes, and only 52% had good practices toward food safety. Female students, students having a food safety course/training, and students whose mothers were educated had significantly higher knowledge of food safety. Besides, students at higher education levels, students having a food safety course/training, and students with educated mothers displayed significantly higher odds of possessing favorable attitudes toward food safety. Similarly, female students, having a food safety course/training, students at higher education levels, and students with educated mothers were significantly associated with good practices toward food safety among students.
Conclusion
The study shows that students in Bangladesh lack knowledge of food safety and have poor practices toward food safety. For the student population of Bangladesh, more systematic and targeted food safety education and training are required.
Stability Analysis of Caputo Fractional Order Viral Dynamics of Hepatitis B Cellular Infection
Authors: Opoku Michael O. , Wiah Eric N. , Sackitey Albert L. , Essel Emmanuel K. , Okyere Eric , Moore Stephen E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

We present a Caputo fractional order mathematical model that describes the cellular infection of Hepatitis B virus and the immune response of the body. We study the existence of unique positive solutions, and the local and global stability of the virus free and endemic equilibria. Finally, we present numerical results using the Adam-type predictor-corrector iterative scheme.
Bladder calculi and hypertension: 4-year single-center study in Southern Hunan, China
Authors: Xiao Zijian , Qin Long , Zhang Jian , Zhang Hu , Yi Xuan , Li Mingyong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
The characteristics of bladder calculi and their correlation with hypertension in Southern Hunan, China were analyzed retrospectively to guide the prevention and treatment of bladder calculi and hypertension.
Materials and methods
A retrospective cohort study of medical records was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China from December 2017 to December 2021. The subjects were patients over 14 years old who were diagnosed with bladder calculi by imaging examination and whose calculi were removed. Analysis was conducted on the patients’ basic characteristics and calculus composition, characteristics, and relationship with hypertension.
Results
A total of 352 cases of bladder calculi were enrolled. The age ranged from 15 years to 89 years with an average of (65.56 ± 11.94) years. Most of the respondents came from rural areas (61.4%). Calcium oxalate was the main component of the stones. Calcium oxalate and carbonate apatite were the most common mixed stones, and pure uric acid was the most common single stone. The pure uric acid stones were significantly larger than the pure calcium oxalate stones (P < 0.05). In addition, 26.1% of the patients with bladder calculi experienced hypertension. Binary logistic regression showed that hypertension was an independent risk factor for bladder calculi (B = 2.584, OR = 1.685, P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The management of bladder calculi in Southern Hunan can be guided by local demographic data. Hypertension may be one of the independent risk factors for bladder calculi.
Analysis of green total factor productivity in OECD and BRICS countries: based on the Super-SBM model
Authors: Sun Xiangxiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To address the conflict between environmental constraints and fast economic growth, as well as to coordinate green growth strategies between developing and developed countries, improving green total factor productivity (GTFP) is an important way to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation and get rid of the problems of environment and resources. Therefore, it is significant to analyze and compare the GTFP of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and BRICS (i.e. Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries. By applying the Super-SBM model, our study analyzes the distribution characteristics and the evolving trend of GTFP. The empirical results indicate that: (1) The GTFP of BRICS countries has significantly improved, but there is still a significant gap compared with OECD countries. (2) Brazil, Luxembourg and Norway's GTFP values are higher than others. (3) Among the BRICS countries, Brazil exhibits the highest value and China has the minimum value, which was far ahead in energy consumption and PM2.5. (4) In the analysis of OECD countries, Hungary displays the lowest average value and Luxembourg has the highest average value. As such, some policy implications improve green and low-carbon development.
Determination of ice production in a natural river: a case study in the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River
Authors: Hou Zhixing , Wang Jun , Sui Jueyi , Zhang Baosen , Zhang Fangxiu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the present study, ice production in a natural river reach has been studied by means of the thermodynamic theory regarding the heat flux between ice, air, riverbed, and water. The heat transfer coefficient and equivalent total heat flux were determined for different periods during winter. The characteristics of variation and distribution of ice production in the Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River (IMRYR) were studied in combination with the change of heat flux. A model for describing the temporal–spatial variation of ice production for the IMRYR has been developed. The ice production process of the IMRYR from 2017 to 2021 was simulated using the proposed model, and the simulation results were in good agreement with those of the measurements. Results of the analysis showed that when the total ice production in the Bayangaole gauging station reaches 3.18 × 107 m3, a freeze-up process in this river reach is likely to occur. The influence degree of each variable on the ice production was in the following descending order: water surface area, air temperature, radiation, and flow. Particularly, a change of 20% of the water surface area will lead to a 11.48% change in the final calculated result of ice production.
Hybrid Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor: An Effective Strategy for
Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wu Jiyong , Nie Jing , Luan Yepeng , Ding Yanjiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has proven to be an effective strat-egy for cancer therapy. To date, five histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have been approved for cancer treatment, and numerous others are undergoing clinical trials. An agent that can simultaneously and effectively inhibit two or more targets may offer greater therapeutic benefits over single-acting agents in preventing resistance to treatment and po-tentiating synergistic effects. A prime example of a bifunctional agent is the hybrid HDACi. Representative classes of reported hybrid HDACis are reviewed here to shed light on the design of novel hybrid HDACis for cancer therapy.
Research Progress in Pharmacological Mechanisms, Structure-Activity
Relationship and Synthesis of Sartans
Authors: Wang Ye-Fan , Ren Xin-Yue , Zhang Wen , Rao Guo-Wu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
The sartans are a new class of antihypertensive drugs as angiotensin II receptor
blockers which possess plenty of advantages in treating hypertension and related
pathologies. This review describes the clinical treatment, side effects, and potential therapeutic
effects of sartans from 1995 to date. The synthesis, structural-activity and molecular
docking with Angiotensin Type 1 receptor of imidazole derivatives, benzimidazole
derivatives and other compounds are also described. With a clear Structure-Activity Relationship
and abundant pharmacological effects, some types of novel Angiotensin Type 1
receptor antagonists are emerging gradually for further research in the meantime.
Aptamer-based Biosensors: Promising Sensing Technology for Diabetes
Diagnosis in Biological Fluids
Authors: Khoshbin Zahra , Shakour Neda , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Butler Alexandra E. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Diabetes is a chronic disease state in which the pancreas fails to secrete sufficient
insulin, resulting in an elevation of blood glucose levels. As one of the most prevalent
diseases worldwide, diabetes is recognized as a global health concern that, if undiagnosed
or untreated, can lead to serious and life-threatening complications, such as kidney
failure, cardiovascular disease and diabetic retinopathy. Despite progress in the diagnosis
of diabetes, limitations still exist with current analytical techniques, and, therefore, the development
of precise sensing devices for on-site, real-time detection of diabetes is needed.
Biosensors have contributed significantly to the field of diabetes healthcare, due to
their cost-effectiveness, portability, ease of use, and rapid assay time. Recently, there has
been a preference for the utilization of aptamers over antibodies in designing biosensors.
Aptasensors, biosensors made with aptamers, offer potential in the diagnosis of diabetes.
Aptamers, due to having lower molecular weight, low price, and stability over a wide
temperature range and pH range, their in vitro synthesis, and the ability to refold after being
removed from denaturing conditions compared to antibodies, have some distinctive
characteristics as well as diverse types, such as optical FNA-based biosensors, colorimetric
biosensors, fluorescent biosensors and electrochemical FNA-based biosensors. With
this in mind, we highlight the recent developments and novel perspectives in the field of
aptasensor design to quantitatively monitor diabetes biomarkers. Finally, some results are
highlighted to offer a basis for the future design of aptasensor kits for diabetes diagnosis.
Isorhamnetin: A Novel Natural Product Beneficial for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Li Wen-Qing , Li Jing , Liu Wen-Xiu , Wu Liu-Jun , Qin Jun-Yuan , Lin Zi-Wei , Liu Xin-Yu , Luo Shi-Yan , Wu Qing-Hua , Xie Xiao-Fang , Peng Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a severe threat to human beings with increasing morbidity and mortality. Isorhamnetin (Iso) shows multiple bioactivities, especially in the cardiovascular system. A literature retrieval strategy was conducted in databases of PubMed, GeenMedical, Sci-Hub, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Baidu Scholar, with keywords defined as “Isorhamnetin”, “cardiovascular diseases”, “pharmacological effects”, “phytochemistry”, “pharmacokinetics”, “clinical application” and “toxicity”. The language is restricted to Chinese and English, and publish date ranges from January 2011 to September 2021. So far, Iso has been isolated and identified from several natural medicines, including Hippophae rhamnoides L., Ginkgo biloba L. and Typha angustifolia L., etc. The effects of Iso on CVD at least refer to such pharmacological properties as anti-atherosclerosis, reducing blood fat, anti-inflammation, antioxidation, endothelial protection, antithrombosis, antiplatelet aggregation, myocardial protection and anti-hypertension. Iso could inhibit the activities of CYPs in liver microsomes and suppress hepatocyte injury in vitro, however, no toxicity was observed in vivo. Taken together, Iso has a wide range of positive effects on CVD with safe and multiple pharmacological activities on the cardiovascular system, and may be an ideal candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of CVD and need further studies, especially on clinic use. Therefore, the present review summarizes the recent progress in phytochemistry, pharmacology, and mechanisms of action and provides a reference for future studies of Iso.
Acetyl-L-carnitine Slows the Progression from Prefrailty to Frailty in Older
Subjects: A Randomized Interventional Clinical Trial
Authors: Malaguarnera Giulia , Catania Vito Emanuele , Bertino Gaetano , Chisari Laura Maria , Castorina Maria , Bonfiglio Claudia , Cauli Omar , Malaguarnera Michele 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The elderly is characterized by a gradual decline in body function, which represents the clinical situation called "frailty". Prefrailty is the intermediate stage between frailty and the robust condition. L-carnitine (LC) plays an important role in energy production from long-chain fatty acids in mitochondria and its serum level is lower in prefrail and frail subjects.

Objective:
This study aims to evaluate the effect of Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) in pre frail older patients.

Methods:
We scheduled 3 months of treatment and then 3 months of follow-up. 92 subjects were selected from May 2009 to July 2017 in a randomized, observational, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. We scheduled 3 months of treatment and then 3 months of follow-up. ALCAR (oral 1.5 g/bis in die - BID) or placebo group.

Results:
After the treatment, only the treated group displayed a decrease in C reactive protein (CRP) p<0.001, an increase in serum free carnitine and acetyl carnitine (p<0.05), in Mini Mental state (MMSE) p<0.0001 and 6-walking distance (p<0.0001); ALCAR group vs. placebo group showed a decrease in HDL cholesterol and in CRP (p<0.01), an increase in MMSE score (p< 0.001) and in 6-walking distance (p<0.001)

Conclusions:
ALCAR treatment delays the incidence and severity of onset in prefrail subjects of degenerative disorders of the elderly, with improvement in memory and cognitive processes.
Dendrobium officinalis Six Nostrum Promotes Intestinal Urate Underexcretion
via Regulations of Urate Transporter Proteins in Hyperuricemic
Rats
Authors: Ge Hongzhang , Jiang Zetian , Li Bo , Xu Peiyao , Wu Hansong , He Xinglishang , Xu Wanfeng , Huang Zhi , Xiong Taoxiu , Wang Ping , Lv Guiyuan , Chen Suhong 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Dendrobium officinalis six nostrum (DOS) can be prepared by adding Dendrobium officinalis into Simiao Wan in accordance with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory and other previous findings. Our previous study has shown that DOS treatment can lead to a marked decrease in serum UA (SUA) level. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of DOS on intestinal UA excretion in hyperuricemia and its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:
DOS was administered intragastrically to hyperuricemic rats induced by oral administration of HX and PO for 7 weeks. The SUA level, fecal UA and XOD activity were detected. The expressions of UA transporters (ABCG2, GLUT9, and PDZK1), CNT2, and tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and claudin-1) in the intestine were assayed by IHC staining. The serum LPS and DAO levels were detected by ELISA kits. The intestinal histological changes were assessed using H&E staining.

Results:
DOS treatment decreased the SUA level while markedly increased the fecal UA level by 28.85%~35.72%. Moreover, DOS effectively up-regulated the expression of ABCG2 and PDZK1 and down-regulated the expression of GLUT9 in the intestine. DOS markedly decreased the serum LPS level by 21.4%~32.1% and DAO activity by 12.3%~19.7%, which in turn ameliorate the intestinal pathology. As a result, it could protect intestinal barrier function, as indicated by the increase of villus height (V), the reduction of the crypt depth (C), and the elevation of V/C ratio. It also increased the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1. In addition, DOS significantly down-regulated the expression of CNT2, which reduced purine nucleoside transportation from the intestine into the blood, and inhibited XOD activity, leading to the decrease of UA production.

Conclusion:
DOS had anti-hyperuricemic effects via regulation of intestinal urate transporters and could protect intestinal barrier function by restoring the expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-1.
Mimusops elengi (Bakula) Gelatinolytic Protease and its Plasmin-like
Action on the Blood Clot
Authors: Achar Raghu Ram , Gowda Nirmala Gollarahalli Sannappa , Raju Nithya Rani , Silina Ekaterina , Stupin Victor 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Mimusops elengi, popularly known as Bakula in Ayurvedic Medicine, is a member of
the Sapotaceae family. Concerning the traditional and Ayurvedic medicinal use of Mimusops elengi leaves,
especially in wound healing and oral care, the plausible presence of proteolytic activity in an aqueous Mimusops
elengi leaf extract was investigated in our study.

Method:
Mimusops elengi Gelatinolytic Protease was named after fractioning the extract. The Zymogram assay
validated the gelatin specificity. The effect of MEGP on the wound healing process was investigated using
a different assay.

Result:
The presence of protease with gelatinolytic & caseinolytic activity at 62.53±1.43 U/h and 15.31±0.64
U/h, respectively. The aqueous enzyme fraction was named Mimusops elengi Gelatinolytic Protease (MEGP).
The specificity of gelatin was confirmed by zymogram. Gelatinolytic activity of MEGP was also higher than
that of trypsin at 27.96±0.38 U/h. MEGP was 49.14±1.61 % inhibited by PMSF, indicating the predominant
presence of serine proteases. The optimal pH and temperature for MEGP were found to be 8 and 37°C, implying
that it is an alkaline protease. MEGP dissolved the blood clot at a rate of 8.41±1.04 U/h, which is higher
than the trypsin clot-dissolving rate of 1.027±0.04 U/h. The plasma clot hydrolytic capacity is confirmed when
MEGP hydrolyzes alpha-polymer subunits in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion:
This investigation shows that MEGP has a plasmin-like activity that possesses a significant role
in clot disintegration and other wound ailments, warranting its use in traditional Indian medicine.
Recent Developments in Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Cellulose Nanocrystals
Authors: Pachuau Lalduhsanga , Nath Ranjita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) have been touted to be among the materials of the 21st
century. It is an emerging biocompatible and biodegradable nanomaterial with unique physicochemical
properties adaptable to various surface modifications. The characteristics and properties
of CNCs are now understood to depend upon the source of the cellulose and the conditions of its
isolation. Over the past decade, CNCs with various morphologies, including rod, ribbon, needle
shapes, spherical, square, block and rectangular shapes with unique surface properties, have been
synthesized. Studies have shown that surface and morphological properties of CNCs have substantial
control over the rheology, cytotoxicity and cellular uptake, which ultimately influence its
purposive biomedical applications. The objective of the current survey is to analyze the advances
made in the shape-controlled synthesis and fabrication of CNCs morphology and review the influence
such morphological variations have on its functionality in biomedical fields.