bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term predictive value of highly sensitive thyroglobulin measurement
Authors: Bögershausen Larissa R. , Giovanella Luca , Stief Thomas , Luster Markus , Verburg Frederik A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the predictive value of unremarkable nonstimulated highly sensitive thyroglobulin (hsTg) measurement with regard to the results of stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement, diagnostic whole‐body scintigraphy, recurrence and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC)‐related death.Design, Patients and MeasurementsWe retrospectively analysed the data of all 461 (410 without anti‐Tg‐antibodies [TgAbs], 51 with) DTC patients who were referred to our department for treatment and follow‐up care of differentiated thyroid cancer from 2004 onwards, and in whom at least one posttreatment Tg value was measured in our hospital at least 3 months after I‐131 ablation.ResultsIn the group of TgAb‐negative patients, 2.0% of patients with an unstimulated Tg < 0.1 ng/ml showed a stimulated Tg ≥ 1.0 ng/ml, whereas this happened in 77.6% with an unstimulated Tg ≥ 0.1 but <1.0 ng/ml. An unstimulated hsTg ≥ 0.1 ng/ml had a sensitivity specificity positive and negative predictive value of 90.0%, 94.1%, 77.6% and 97.6%, respectively, for a stimulated Tg ≥ 1.0 ng/ml. In TgAb‐positive patients, this was 75%, 97%, 75% and 97%, respectively. An unstimulated Tg ≥ 0.1 ng/ml did not significantly discriminate with regard to the risk of DTC‐related death (p = .06), but ≥1.0 ng/ml did (p = .012), as did a stimulated Tg ≥ 1.0 ng/ml (p = .029). Excluding patients with distant metastases at diagnosis nullifies this significance.ConclusionExcept for patients with distant metastases, both TgAb negative and TgAb positive patients with an undetectable nonstimulated hsTg measurement have a very good prognosis. The high net present value of unstimulated hsTg testing means that further diagnostic procedures can be omitted in such patients.
Hyperbaric oxygen improves depression‐like behaviors in chronic stress model mice by remodeling gut microbiota and regulating host metabolism
Authors: Zhang Bohan , Dong Wenwen , Ma Zhixin , Duan Shuxian , Han Ruina , Lv Zhou , Liu Xinru , Mao Yanfei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThere is growing evidence that the gut microbiota plays a significant part in the pathophysiology of chronic stress. The dysbiosis of the gut microbiota closely relates to dysregulation of microbiota–host cometabolism. Composition changes in the gut microbiota related to perturbations in metabolic profiles are vital risk factors for disease development. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is commonly applied as an alternative or primary therapy for various diseases. Therefore, a metabolic and gut bacteria perspective is essential to uncover possible mechanisms of chronic stress and the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygenation. We determined that there were significantly disturbed metabolites and disordered gut microbiota between control and chronic stress group. The study aims to offer further information on the interactions between host metabolism, gut microbiota, and chronic stress.MethodsAt present, chronic unpredictable mild stress is considered the most widespread method of modeling chronic stress in animals, so we used a chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model to characterize changes in the metabolome and microbiome of depressed mice by combining 16S rRNA gene sequencing and UHPLC–MS/MS‐based metabolomics. Pearson's correlation‐based clustering analysis was performed with above metabolomics and fecal microbiome data to determine gut microbiota‐associated metabolites.ResultsWe found that 18 metabolites showed a significant correlation with campylobacterota. Campylobacterota associated metabolites were significantly enriched mainly in the d‐glutamate and d‐glutamine metabolism. Hyperoxia treatment may improve depression‐like behaviors in chronic stress model mice through regulating the disrupted metabolites.ConclusionsHyperbaric oxygen improves depression‐like behaviors in chronic stress model mice by remodeling Campylobacterota associated metabolites.
Combined utility of p16 and BRAF V600E in the evaluation of spitzoid tumors: Superiority to PRAME and correlation with FISH
Authors: McAfee John L. , Scarborough Richard , Jia Xuefei Sophia , Azzato Elizabeth M. , Astbury Caroline , Ronen Shira , Andea Aleodor A. , Billings Steven D. , Ko Jennifer S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSpitzoid melanocytic neoplasms are diagnostically challenging; criteria for malignancy continue to evolve. The ability to predict chromosomal abnormalities with immunohistochemistry (IHC) could help select cases requiring chromosomal evaluation.MethodsFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)‐tested spitzoid neoplasms at our institution (2013–2021) were reviewed. p16, BRAF V600E, and preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) IHC results were correlated with FISH.ResultsA total of 174 cases (1.9F:1M, median age 28 years; range, 5 months–74 years) were included; final diagnoses: Spitz nevus (11%), atypical Spitz tumor (47%), spitzoid dysplastic nevus (9%), and spitzoid melanoma (32%). Sixty (34%) were FISH positive, most commonly with absolute 6p25 gain (RREB1 > 2). Dermal mitotic count was the only clinicopathologic predictor of FISH. Among IHC‐stained cases, p16 was lost in 55 of 134 cases (41%); loss correlated with FISH positive (p < 0.001, Fisher exact test). BRAF V600E (14/88, 16%) and PRAME (15/56, 27%) expression did not correlate with FISH alone (p = 0.242 and p = 0.359, respectively, Fisher exact test). When examined together, however, p16‐retained/BRAF V600E‐negative lesions had low FISH‐positive rates (5/37, 14%; 4/37, 11% not counting isolated MYB loss); all other marker combinations had high rates (56%–75% of cases; p < 0.001).Conclusionsp16/BRAF V600E IHC predicts FISH results. “Low‐risk” lesions (p16+/BRAF V600E−) uncommonly have meaningful FISH abnormalities (11%). PRAME may have limited utility in this setting.
Attitudes and emotional status of parents regarding traumatic dental injuries
Authors: Sakaryalı Uyar Didem , Uyar Tansel , Memiş Özgül Betül 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsTraumatic dental injuries have different effects on children and their parents, depending on the type of trauma and whether it is in primary or permanent teeth. Parents do not always seek immediate intervention for their children after each traumatic dental injury unless accompanied by conditions such as pain or bleeding that will increase emotional stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the emotional status of parents and parents' attitudes toward urgent intervention for different traumatic dental injuries in both primary and permanent teeth.Material and MethodsA questionnaire consisting of two parts was designed with a reliability coefficient of 0.87 according to the results of a pilot study. The questionnaire was sent to parents as a Google Form via online communication methods such as WhatsApp and e‐mail. The first part included questions about the demographic data of the parents and children, and the second part consisted of images of traumatic dental injuries of primary and permanent teeth with questions to evaluate the emotional state of the parents and awareness of the necessity for urgent intervention. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the emotional state, and “Absolutely yes;” “Yes;” “I don't have an idea;” “No;” and “Absolutely no” statements were used to evaluate parents' attitudes about urgent intervention. Categorical variables were shown as numbers and percentages and analyzed with Pearson chi‐square. Statistical significance was evaluated for p < .05, and correlations between variables were calculated with Pearson correlation.ResultsThe survey was completed by 845 parents. All traumatic injuries except extrusion (p = .202; p ≥ .05) had statistically different VAS scores for primary and permanent teeth (p < .05). Parents' attitudes for urgent intervention were statistically significant for all traumatic injuries (p < .05) except 4‐mm intrusion (p = .062; p ≥ .05), alveolar fracture (p = .282; p ≥ .05), complicated crown fracture (p = .136; p ≥ .05), and non‐traumatized healthy teeth (p = .110; p ≥ .05).ConclusionsTraumatic dental injuries with excessive bleeding or tissue loss affect the emotional status of parents more than simple injuries, and they prefer to refer to dentists immediately. Parents responded with higher VAS scores and stronger desires for urgent intervention for permanent teeth injuries compared with primary teeth injuries which shows that parents still do not care about primary teeth as much as permanent teeth.
Flight muscle structure and flight capacity of females of the long‐distance migratory armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda: effect of aging and reproduction, and trade‐offs between flight and fecundity
Authors: Guo Ping , Yu Hong , Xu Jin , Li Yong‐He , Ye Hui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInsects in flight achieve the highest metabolism rates and wing beat frequency known in the animal kingdom, but how they do this is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the structure and arrangement of flight muscles in the thorax ofSpodoptera frugiperdaSmith & Abbot (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Dorsoventral direct flight muscles are stronger and more complicated than dorsoventral indirect flight muscles, which may be important for the moth to swiftly control the trajectory. The abundance of giant mitochondria and the extensive tracheolar system in flight muscle are two prominent features that are well adapted to the special requirements of flight. Parameters of flight muscle and flight capacity were lower in young females, and then increased with time and peaked in middle‐aged females. Mating accelerated the deterioration of the structure and function of flight muscles. Virgin females showed lower ovarian development rate but higher flight capacity than mated females. Further analysis found that female flight capacity was significantly negatively correlated to her fecundity, suggesting a trade‐off between flight and reproduction. The resource allocation to flight and egg production may be the result of a balance between the intensity of natural and sexual selection on both traits.
Students' attitudes and knowledge on pain and pain management in paediatric dentistry—An observational study
Authors: Jaldin Claudia , Krekmanova Larisa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe dental and dental hygienist educational programs prepare students with knowledge on children's prophylactic pain treatment and pain management. Observing the students' understanding could help educational efforts to be more student oriented. The aim was to evaluate dental and dental hygienist students' knowledge and attitudes on pain prevention and pain management in children and adolescents, applying a multidimensional questionnaire previously used on general dental practitioners.Materials and MethodsThree hundred and four dental and dental hygienist students at Swedish universities were eligible for the survey. Written and oral information was given about the study's aim, methods, anonymity and voluntary participation. The multidimensional questionnaire included 47 closed questions.ResultsThe total responding rate was 65.4%; dental students 61.1% and dental hygienist students 92.8%. The total mean of knowledge and attitudes, beneficial for the treating of patient pain, varied between 57.1% and 83.3%. The biggest knowledge gap was identified regarding the items: Children under 2 years of age experience less pain than children over 2 years undergoing similar treatment(34.3%), The dentist is better suited than the parent to judge if a child is in pain (29.4%), and usually the child's pain experience diminishes when the parents are present (24.2%).ConclusionDental and dental hygienist students reported vastly spread knowledge and attitudes regarding pain prophylactic and pain management in children and adolescents, as measured by a multidimensional questionnaire previously used on GDPs. Knowledge on students' understanding of the young patient's pain could help educational efforts to be more student oriented. The questionnaire must be further modified and more extensively tested to meet each participating students' program level.
Subclinical peripheral neuropathy is common in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease with dominant encephalopathy
Authors: Hong Daojun , Wang Hui , Zhu Min , Peng Yun , Huang Pengcheng , Zheng Yilei , Yu Meng , Meng Lingchao , Li Fan , Yu Jiaxi , Zhou Meihong , Deng Jianwen , Wang Zhaoxia , Yuan Yun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeNeuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is associated with CGG repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene. Although pure or dominant peripheral neuropathy has been described as a subtype of NIID in a few patients, most NIID patients predominantly show involvements of the central nervous system (CNS). It is necessary to further explore whether these patients have subclinical peripheral neuropathy.MethodsTwenty‐eight NIID patients, clinically characterized by CNS‐dominant involvements, were recruited from two tertiary hospitals. Standard nerve conduction studies were performed in all patients. Skin and sural nerve biopsies were performed in 28 and 15 patients, respectively. Repeat‐primed polymerase chain reaction and amplicon length polymerase chain reaction were used to screen the CGG repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC.ResultsAll 28 patients can be diagnosed with NIID based on skin pathological and genetic changes. All patients predominantly showed CNS symptoms mainly characterized by episodic encephalopathy and cognitive impairments, but no clinical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy could be observed initially. Electrophysiological abnormalities were found in 96.4% (27/28) of these patients, indicating that subclinical peripheral neuropathy is common in NIID patients with CNS‐dominant type. Electrophysiological and neuropathological studies revealed that demyelinating degeneration was the main pathological pattern in these patients, although mild axonal degeneration was also observed in some patients. No significant association between CGG repeat size and the change of nerve conduction velocity was found in these patients.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that most patients with CNS‐dominant NIID had subclinical peripheral neuropathy. Electrophysiological examination should be the routinely diagnostic workflow for every NIID patient.
Financial communication as a mediator between financial values and marital outcomes
Authors: LeBaron‐Black Ashley B. , Saxey Matthew T. , Totenhagen Casey J. , Wheeler Brandan E. , Archuleta Kristy L. , Yorgason Jeremy B. , James Spencer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe test whether perceived similarity of partners' financial values is associated with marital satisfaction and stability and whether financial communication mediates these associations.BackgroundAlthough many studies have found links between finances and marital satisfaction, marital stability has been understudied. Additionally, many studies have examined the impact of couple financial behaviors on marital outcomes but have failed to account for the role of financial values in shaping those behaviors. Couple and finances theory motivated the study and guided our hypotheses.MethodWe used dyadic data from the Couple Relationships and Transition Experiences project, a nationally representative sample of newlyweds (N = 1,700 different‐sex couples). We conducted an actor–partner interdependence model to test direct and indirect associations.ResultsPartners who perceived similar financial values are better able to communicate with their spouse about money, which in turn predicts marital satisfaction and stability. We found both actor and partner associations and evidence of both full and partial mediation.ConclusionOur results support previous research demonstrating the importance of shared financial values in understanding relationship outcomes. Additionally, financial communication is a mechanism linking these constructs.ImplicationsOur findings may inform interventions for increasing marital satisfaction and stability and for improving couple financial communication.
Estimating Characteristic Grain Sizes and Effective Porosity from Hydraulic Conductivity Data
Authors: Peche Aaron , Houben Georg J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn groundwater applications, knowledge about a range of hydraulically relevant parameters is beneficial to counteract data scarcity and enhance parameter robustness. The present study provides a novel procedure to reverse engineer representative grain diameters and effective porosity from values of hydraulic conductivity. A large data set comprising more than 500 sieve curves and more than 1000 values of hydraulic conductivity was analyzed for interparameter dependencies between characteristic grain sizes, hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity. Based on that analysis, a mathematical model consisting of a set of empirical and physically based equations was developed. The procedure was applied on another large data set and its accuracy, deviations and error propagation were quantified. The method works best for well‐sorted sediments. Practical examples are given in order to demonstrate the range of applicability of the procedure. The input is interchangeable, such that different input data enable calculating characteristic grain sizes, hydraulic conductivity and effective porosity. A free, open‐source stand‐alone GUI of the procedure is available for download.
Increased acute care utilisation, comorbidities and mortality in adults with haemophilia: A population‐based cohort study from 2012 to 2019
Authors: Alam Arafat Ul , Goodyear M. Dawn , Wu Cynthia , Sun Haowei (Linda) 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionImprovements in treatment strategies have led to increased life expectancy of persons with haemophilia (PWH). Consequently, age‐related comorbidities become increasingly relevant.AimTo evaluate the prevalence of age‐related comorbidities, mortality, health service utilisation and predictors of hospitalisation in PWH compared to the general population.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data. Men with haemophilia were identified in Alberta, Canada (2012–2019) with a validated case definition and were age‐matched with male population controls. We calculated the prevalence of major comorbidities, all‐cause mortality, and examined health service utilisation including Emergency Department visits and hospitalisations. Logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of hospitalisation.ResultsWe identified 198 and 329 persons with moderately severe haemophilia and mild/moderate, respectively. Moderately severe haemophilia had a higher risk of death (standardised mortality ratio 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–6.3) compared to the general population. PWH had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, liver diseases and malignancies than controls. Moderately severe haemophilia was associated with significantly higher rates of hospitalisations (52.5% vs. 14.5%), Emergency Department visits (89.1% vs. 62.7%) and intensive care admissions (8.9% vs. 2.3%). Age > 65 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.8) and presence of multiple comorbidities (aOR 3.9) were significant predictors of hospitalisations among PWH.ConclusionDespite advanced care, haemophilia is associated with higher acute care utilisation than the general population, highlighting the substantial burden of illness on patients and the health care system.
Optimizing the implementation of lung cancer screening in Scotland: Focus group participant perspectives in the LUNGSCOT study
Authors: Cavers Debbie , Nelson Mia , Rostron Jasmin , Robb Kathryn A. , Brown Lynsey R. , Campbell Christine , Akram Ahsan R. , Dickie Graeme , Mackean Melanie , van Beek Edwin J. R. , Sullivan Frank , Steele Robert J. , Neilson Aileen R. , Weller David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionTargeted lung cancer screening is effective in reducing lung cancer and all‐cause mortality according to major trials in the United Kingdom and Europe. However, the best ways of implementing screening in local communities requires an understanding of the population the programme will serve. We undertook a study to explore the views of those potentially eligible for, and to identify potential barriers and facilitators to taking part in, lung screening, to inform the development of a feasibility study.MethodsMen and women aged 45–70, living in urban and rural Scotland, and either self‐reported people who smoke or who recently quit, were invited to take part in the study via research agency Taylor McKenzie. Eleven men and 14 women took part in three virtual focus groups exploring their views on lung screening. Focus group transcripts were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis, assisted by QSR NVivo.FindingsThree overarching themes were identified: (1) Knowledge, awareness and acceptability of lung screening, (2) Barriers and facilitators to screening and (3) Promoting screening and implementation ideas. Participants were largely supportive of lung screening in principle and described the importance of the early detection of cancer. Emotional and psychological concerns as well as system‐level and practical issues were discussed as posing barriers and facilitators to lung screening.ConclusionsUnderstanding the views of people potentially eligible for a lung health check can usefully inform the development of a further study to test the feasibility and acceptability of lung screening in Scotland.Patient or Public ContributionThe LUNGSCOT study has convened a patient advisory group to advise on all aspects of study development and implementation. Patient representatives commented on the focus group study design, study materials and ethics application, and two representatives read the focus group transcripts.