bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations and Extensions of Information Leakage Metrics with Applications to Privacy Problems with Imperfect Statistical Information
Authors: Sakib Shahnewaz Karim , Amariucai George T , Guan Yong 
Published: September 2022

<p>The conventional information leakage metrics assume that an adversary has complete knowledge of the distribution of the mechanism used to disclose information correlated with the sensitive attributes of a system. The only uncertainty arises from the specific realizations that are drawn from this distribution. This assumption does not hold in various practical scenarios where an adversary usually lacks complete information about the joint statistics of the private, utility, and the disclosed data. As a result, the typical information leakage metrics fail to measure the leakage appropriately. In this paper, we introduce multiple new versions of the traditional information-theoretic leakage metrics, that aptly represent information leakage for an adversary who lacks complete knowledge of the joint data statistics, and we provide insights into the potential uses of each. We experiment on a real-world dataset to further demonstrate how the introduced leakage metrics compare with the conventional notions of leakage. Finally, we show how privacy-utility optimization problems can be formulated in this context, such that their solutions result in the optimal information disclosure mechanisms, for various applications. </p>
Quantitative Road Crack Evaluation by a U-Net Architecture using Smartphone Images and Lidar Data
Authors: Yamaguchi Takahiro , Mizutani Tsukasa 
Published: September 2022

<p> Road cracks are an important concern of administrators. Visual inspection is labor-intensive and subjective, while previous algorithms detecting cracks from optical camera images were not accurate. Furthermore, the actual length and thicknesses of a crack cannot be estimated only from images. Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) is a standard feature introduced on the latest smartphones. In this research, for completely automatic, accurate and quantitative road crack evaluation using smartphones, an up-to-date segmentation technique, U-Net with morphology transform adopting data augmentation was proposed. Lidar 3D point cloud data of smartphones is linked to color data obtained from cameras. By registering images to Lidar data, geometrical relationships were estimated to calculate the length and thicknesses. The proposed algorithm was validated by a standard database of road cracks and dataset constructed by the authors, showing 95% length accuracy and 0.98 coefficient of determination for thickness estimation irrespective of various crack shapes and asphalt pavement color patterns. </p>
PRODUTIVIDADE DE CULTIVARES DE MANDIOCA SOB DÉFICIT HÍDRICO
Authors: Matos Fabio Santos , Felicio Ricardo , Da Silva Leandro Mariano , Nascente Alainy Carla de Souza , Custódio José Paulo Carneiro , Guimarães Roberli Ribeiro , Santos Priscilla Gomes de Freitas , Da Silveira Patrícia Souza 
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o crescimento e a produtividade de cultivares de mandioca sob déficit hídrico. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental da Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Câmpus Ipameri. A área experimental possui Latossolo vermelho-amarelo. O experimento foi montado seguindo o delineamento em blocos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, utilizando quatro cultivares de mandioca (BRS 396, BRS 397, BRS 398, BRS 399) desenvolvidos pela Embrapa Cerrados e dois suprimentos hídricos: plantas sob déficit hídrico e plantas diariamente irrigadas com volume de água correspondente a evapotranspiração diária, cinco repetições e parcela experimental de quatro plantas úteis. O plantio foi realizado adotando-se o espaçamento de 1 m entre linhas e 1 m entre plantas. As variáveis de crescimento e fisiológicas: altura de planta, diâmetro do caule, teor relativo de água e pigmentos fotossintéticos foram analisadas aos oito meses de idade e a produtividade mensurada aos dez meses após o plantio. Os resultados demonstram às diferenças entre os materiais com formação de dois grupos distintos: grupo I formado por BRS 399 e BRS 398 com maiores produtividades e grupo II com BRS 396 e BRS 397. Todas as cultivares apresentaram reduções na produtividade sob déficit hídrico, mas com ausência de diferença estatística entre materiais. As cultivares apresentaram-se semelhantes quanto ao crescimento vegetativo e concentração foliar de pigmentos fotossintéticos, principalmente sob irrigação diária. O curto tempo do plantio à colheita (nove meses) não foi suficiente para diferenciar as cultivares quanto ao crescimento vegetativo e concentração foliar de clorofilas. As cultivares de Manihot esculenta não diferem em crescimento e produtividade sob déficit hídrico e apresentam como estratégia de tolerância a seca o retardo da desidratação. As cultivares BRS 398 e BRS 399 apresentam-se mais produtivas em relação a BRS 396 e BRS 397 sob suprimento hídrico adequado.
Pediatrik Anestezi Sonrası Çocukların Ağrı Düzeyleri ve Hemşirelik Girişimlerinin Değerlendirmesi: Retrospektif Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Authors: AKKOYUN Sevinç , TAŞ ARSLAN Fatma 
Published: September 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, pediatrik anestezi sonrası 3-18 yaş grubundaki çocuk hastaların ağrı düzeylerinin ve uygulanan hemşirelik girişimlerinin retrospektif olarak belirlenmesidir.
Retrospektif, tanımlayıcı türde bir çalışmadır. Araştırma Konya ili bir kamu hastanesinin çocuk cerrahi servisinde yapıldı. Araştırmanın örneklemini, 01 Ocak 2019-31 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında hastanede çocuk cerrahi kliniğinde yatan, cerrahi girişim geçiren 3-18 yaş grubundaki toplam 2420 çocuk hastalar oluşturdu. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Çocuk Bilgi Formu, hastane otomasyon sisteminde kayıtlı ağrı tanılama sistemi kullanıldı. Verilerin analizi sayı, yüzdelik hesaplamalar ve ortalamalar analizleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Çalışmaya katılan 2420 çocukların %56,5’i 3-6 yaş grubunda, %96,4’ünün erkek, %92,9’una günübirlik cerrahi ameliyatı yapıldığı, %97,6’sına analjezik uygulanmadığı, %78’ine dikkati başka yöne çekme uygulamasının yapıldığı ve ağrı düzey ortalamalarının 2,17±0,71 olduğu saptandı.
Çalışma sonucunda postoperatif dönemde çocuklarda ağrı düzeyinin düşük olduğu ve hemşirelerin ağrı yönetiminde nonfarmakolojik yöntemler aracılıyla hemşirelik girişimlerini yaygın olarak çocuğun yaş özelliği dikkate alınarak uyguladıkları belirlendi.
Yeni Koronavirüs (COVİD-19) Pandemisinde Ebelik Öğrencilerinin Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Düzeylerinin Uyku Kalitesi ile İlişkisi
Authors: SARI Esra , IŞIK Cansu , BARAN Neslihan 
Published: September 2022

Araştırma, Covid-19 pandemisinde ebelik öğrencilerinin belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük düzeylerinin uyku kalitesi ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla tasarlanmıştır.
Tanımlayıcı ve korelasyonel türde olan araştırmanın örneklemini 11.02.2021-11.03.2021 tarihleri arasında bir kamu üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Ebelik Bölümünde öğrenim gören ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 280 ebelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan “Anket Formu”, “Belirsizliğe Tahammülsüzlük Ölçeği (BTÖ)” ve “Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite Indeksi (PUKI)” kullanılarak Google Forms aracılığıyla online olarak toplanmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 22.0 paket programı kullanılarak ortalama, yüzdelik ve Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Araştırmaya dahil edilen öğrencilerin yaş ortalamasının 20,80±2,09 olduğu, %27,9’unun 1. Sınıf, %24,6’sının 2.sınıf, %26,4’ünün 3. Sınıf, %21,1’inin de 4. Sınıf olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin %73,2’si pandemi öncesine kıyasla uyku sürelerinin değiştiğini, %57’5’i de uyku süresinin arttığını belirtmiştir. Ebelik öğrencilerinin BTÖ total puan ortalaması 36,75±9,41 bulunmuş olup belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük düzeylerinin orta düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur. PUKI toplam puan ortalaması 14,1±8,46 olup, bu puan ortalamasına göre öğrencilerin kötü uyku kalitesinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin belirsizliğe tahammülsüzlük ile uyku kalitesi toplam puanı arasında pozitif yönde zayıf ilişki saptanmıştır (r: 0,269 p:0,000).
Öğrencilerin pandemi öncesi döneme göre uyku süreleri artmıştır. Online eğitim sürecinde öğrencilerin evde kaldıkları gün sayısının artmasına bağlı olarak uyku sürelerinin arttığı düşünülmektedir.
The first report of tropical hermit crab Calcinus vachoni (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Calcinidae) in Korea and the preliminary revision of its cryptic diversity
Authors: Jung Jibom , Park Joong-Ki 
Published: September 2022

Family Calcinidae is a hermit crab family morphologically diverged from Diogenidae. Calcinus is a type genus of Calcinidae. It inhabits tropical coral reefs with a colorful body. Among them, C. vachoni was firstly collected in southern Korea. Herein, this study reports Korean C. vachoni with its morphological, ecological, and molecular characteristics. Morphological characteristics of 12 C. vachoni caught on Jeju Island were examined. Ecological characteristics of C. vachoni were reviewed briefly and cox1 DNA barcoding analysis of five Korean C. vachoni was conducted with 16 species, 5 genera, and 3 families of Micronesia and GenBank hermit crab data. Korean C. vachoni has 13 pairs of gills, a larger left cheliped than the right one, a broad triangular rostrum, a few tufts of setae on ventral margins of dactyl and propodus of the first ambulatory leg, and cream dactyl and bluish-gray propodi of pereopods identical to the original description and previous studies. The cox1 sequences of Korean C. vachoni were monophyletic with cox1 sequences of C. vachoni in GenBank. Calcinus vachoni sequences were divided into three groups regarded as cryptic species. They were correlated with geographical distance as in the previous study. The review of ecological characteristics of C. vachoni shows that it inhabits nearby coral which might have a symbiotic relationship. The habitat of C. vachoni was extended to the northwest which could be related to recent climate change.
In this study, the tropical hermit crab genus Calcinus and Family Calcinidae were first reported in Korea. For molecular identification, the cox1 sequences of Korean C. vachoni and other tropical hermit crabs in Kosrae, Micronesia were first obtained and analyzed by this study. In addition, the cryptic diversity of C. vachoni groups noted in the previous study was reviewed and expanded their geographical range. Furthermore, we suggested the association relationship between C. vachoni and corals for the first time.
The concept of a thermionic reactor-converter with evaporative heat transfer
Authors: Alekseev Pavel A. , Lazarenko Georgiy E. , Linnik Vladimir A. , Pyshko Aleksandr P. 
Published: September 2022

As a result of the analytical studies of the designs of thermionic reactor-converters, four groups of technical solutions have been identified that differ in the method of heat transfer from the fuel to the emitters of the thermionic converter: one option with direct in-core transfer (combining the fuel cladding with the emitter) and three options with thermionic converters taken away from the reactor core, in which case the heat is removed either by heat pipes (common or individual for each fuel element) or is arranged based on the principle of a steam chamber.
The article describes the advantages and disadvantages for each of these methods. It is shown that at present the most developed design remains the version with in-core power conversion and, in the future it will be based on the steam chamber since the ingress of gaseous fission products into the inter-electrode gap as well as the influence of fuel swelling on the inter-electrode gap size are excluded and it ensures constant temperature and heat flux density on the surface of all emitters of the thermionic converters, which makes it possible to select the optimal operating parameters for them.
A model of a thermionic reactor-converter with a steam chamber containing a reactor core and a zone of thermionic converters has been developed in which the fuel element of the reactor core and the power generating channels of the thermionic converter are separated in space, covered with a capillary porous structure and interconnected by a honeycomb capillary porous spacer plate to provide for circulation of the liquid metal coolant and to let its steam pass through.
Neutronic calculations have demonstrated the possibility of a duration for the reactor campaign in excess of ten years following the nuclear safety regulations when a gadolinium oxide coating is applied to the surface of the fuel rods and the reactor vessel in the area of the reactor core.
The assessment of thermal and electrical parameters shows that, due to the constant temperature and heat flux density on the surface of all emitters and optimization of the power conversion process for all the thermionic converters, one can expect to reach the maximum efficiency of 20%.
Rusia-Ucrania, un análisis comparativo de la audiencia en Twitter de los perfiles del Gobierno de la Federación Rusa y la Oficina del Presidente de Ucrania
Authors: Donofrio Andrea , Rubio Moraga Ángel Luis , Abellán Guzmán Carolina 
Published: September 2022

Introducción: El 24 de febrero de 2022 empezaba la invasión rusa de Ucrania. El conflicto se ha propagado también en las redes sociales, donde tanto el invasor como el invadido construyen su propio relato. Objetivos. Realizar un análisis comparativo de la audiencia social en Twitter de los perfiles del Gobierno de la Federación Rusa (@GovernmentRF) y la Oficina del Presidente de Ucrania (@APUkraine). Metodología. Se han utilizado dos herramientas de analítica social basadas en la aplicación de algoritmos de inteligencia de audiencias, con un doble objetivo: realizar un análisis de la composición de la audiencia social de los perfiles escogidos e identificar qué perfiles consiguen un mayor alcance y autoridad. Discusión y resultados. Las aplicaciones permiten el estudio de las audiencias de los perfiles seleccionados, proporcionando una descripción detallada sobre los segmentos que conforman esa audiencia, sus datos demográficos y psicográficos, a la vez que permiten conectar segmentos de audiencias con otras plataformas de escucha social y análisis, herramientas de influencer marketing, plataformas de publicidad digital y otras aplicaciones de analítica social. Conclusiones. El análisis realizado resulta de gran importancia para conocer el perfil y los intereses de la audiencia en Twitter de los seguidores de las cuentas oficiales de Rusia y Ucrania, evidenciando que palabras como "no war" o "reject" están entre las más repetidas en los tuits publicados entre el 18 de marzo y el 17 de abril de 2022, así como Hashtags sobre ciudades golpeadas por la guerra resultan de los más utilizados en dichas publicaciones.
Vibrating Particles System Algorithm: Overview, Modifications and Applications
Authors: Almufti Saman 
Published: September 2022

Real-world problems are difficult enough to encourages academics to develop innovative, effective problem-solving methods. Generally, metaheuristics algorithms that are inspired by nature, biology, and physics have a flexibility and capacity to adapt to different situations, metaheuristics based on evolutionary computation algorithms have been widely employed to solve complicated, constrained/unconstrained, single/multiple objective, and Non-deterministic polynomial hard (NP-Hard) optimization problems.
This paper describes Vibrating Particles System (VPS) as a Physics Based metaheuristic algorithm inspired by the free vibration of an under-damping objects for solving complex and real-world optimization problems. Since the appearance of VPS many modifications for improving the performance of the algorithm and has been applied to various Applications in several fields. At the end of this paper, the improvements are listed.
Phytochemical profile and pharmacological activities of hemigraphis colorata: a review
Authors: S Tejaswini K , T L Harsha , C B Hamsa , S S Nischith , M Rupesh Kumar , D R Bharathi , Syed Sagheer Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

The use of herbal plants in the medical system plays an important role in the treatment of illnesses. Researchers all over the globe are exploiting the medicinal plants because of their least side effects, high efficacy and safety. Advancement in science technology has led to the development of a novel formulation from the medicinal plants. Exploitation of such medicinal plants has helped in treatment of ailments and it management. Even though researchers are discovering the hidden potentials of the medicinal plants still there are many underutilized medicinal plant with potent remedies. Amoung such plants Hemigraphis colorata is a plant that has significant part in the medicine system and has made a remarkable impact in traditional medicine treatment. The plant has been used in treatment of bloody dysentery, bacterial infection, fungal infection, haemorrhoids and as a wound healing agent. Along with these several pharmacological studies also suggest that the plant has potent antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anticancer activity, antidiabetic activity, antidiarrheal activity etc. these activities can be a results of its vast phytochemical composition which includes alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids etc. the present review is an effort made to collect all the available information regarding the phytochemistry, traditional usage and pharmacological activities.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan dalam Layanan Home Care Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil Trimester II dan III Tentang Senam Hamil di UPTD Puskesmas Ubung Tahun 2021
Authors: Sundayani Lina , Murni Ni Nengah Arini , Pratiwi Intan Gumilang , Royani Ida 
Published: September 2022

Background: The threat of maternal death is still a major problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the scopes in controlling MMR in Indonesia is to improveservices antenatal care. Health services that are home visits (Home Care) by health workers can provide education and a deeper understanding of treatment. Objective: To
determine the effect of health education inservices home care on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about pregnancy exercise. Method: This study was astudy quasi-experimental using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. This research was conducted from June to July 2021. The population in this study were all pregnant women who were in the working area of ​​the UPTD Puskesmas Ubung, totaling 121 pregnant women. The sample with the number of pregnant women in the second and third trimesters who are in the working area of ​​the UPTD Puskesmas Ubung 33 pregnant women. Data analysis using Paired Samples Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: The average score of knowledge of pregnant women about pregnancy exercise in the intervention group before being given health education was 67.33±13.74, while the average score of knowledge of pregnant women about pregnancy exercise after being given health education was 86.00±10.72. The results of this study indicate the effect of health education in home care services on changes in knowledge with a value (P = 0.000). The average score of pregnant women's attitudes about pregnancy exercise in the intervention group before being given health education was 57.00±18.61, while the average score of pregnant women's attitudes about pregnancy exercise after being given health education was 73.66±15.17. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of health education in home care services on changes in attitudes with a value of (P = 0.002). Conclusion: There is an effect of health education inservices home care on the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women trimester II and III about pregnancy exercise.
Digital Motherhood
Authors: Sawalha Nariman , Karnowski Veronika 
Published: September 2022

Smartphone apps for self-tracking breastfeeding emerged as a popular tool among new mothers. Yet, we know little about how mothers use these apps and, most importantly, how self-tracking breastfeeding relates to maternal well-being. After surveying a sample of German mothers engaging with breastfeeding trackers (n = 234; recruited via an online access panel), we identified three types of self-tracking usage: (1) straightforward basic trackers, (2) meticulous data collectors, and (3) advisory-oriented self-trackers. These usage types differ regarding the data they register, the algorithmic feedback they retrieve, and their conversational levels about parameters tracked. Our findings suggest that overall maternal well-being – in terms of confidence, stress, and self-worth – remains largely unaffected by different self-tracking usage. However, when considering only the mothers’ confidence concerning breastfeeding, breastfeeding self-efficacy is lower among those most engaged in tracking and higher among those least engaged with it. Implications of these findings are discussed in terms of whether breastfeeding trackers enhance or undermine mothers’ confidence in their breastfeeding abilities relative to the intensity of their self-tracking use. Thus, future research may include longitudinal designs to validate these findings and derive effective app-supported smartphone interventions for breastfeeding mothers.
Nurses Attitude to Patient Fall Prevention: The Influence of Nursing Training on Attitude Change
Authors: Pernavaitė Ieva , Raškelienė Vilma 
Published: September 2022

Problem. For patients, falls can cause physical injury, psychological consequences, prolong hospital stays, and increase the cost of treatment. Therefore, in order to ensure the best possible prevention of patient falls, it is important to update the nurse‘s knowledge and form a positive attitude towards the prevention of patient falls.
Aim. To compare the change in nurses‘ attitudes about patient fall prevention before and after the delivery of the training material.
Methods. Quantitative research and an anonymous questionnaire were conducted. The study participants were general practice nurses from the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences hospital Kaunas Clinics. The survey was conducted twice: before and after the delivery of the training material.
Results and conclusions. Both before and after the educational material, nurses rated discussion of the causes of falls in a meeting as the most effective and leadership as the least effective fall prevention tool in teamwork. Also, both before and after the educational material, nurses rated the appropriate ward environment as the most effective fall prevention tool, but the least agreed that fall risk assessment tools were a better tool than nurses' personal fall risk assessment. However, after the educational material, the nurses' attitude became more positive both regarding the organization of falls prevention in the team and the importance of fall prevention measures. It was also found that the attitude of nurses with non-university higher education or university higher education towards the prevention of patient falls was more positive compared to nurses with higher education.
Context-Free Word Importance Scores for Attacking Neural Networks
Authors: Shakeel Nimrah , Shakeel Saifullah 
Published: September 2022

Leave-One-Out (LOO) scores provide estimates of feature importance in neural networks, for adversarial attacks. In this work, we present context-free word scores as a query-efficient alternative. Experiments show that these approximations are quite effective for black box attacks on neural networks trained for text classification, particularly for CNNs. The model query count for this method scales as 0(vocan_size * model_input_length). It is independent of the number of examples and features to be perturbed.

Received: 13 July 2022 | Revised: 18 July 2022 | Accepted: 24 August 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.