bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APLIKASI METODE GEOLISTRIK DALAM PENDUGAAN KETEBALAN LAPISAN TANAH GAMBUT (STUDI KASUS: DAERAH DI SEKITAR JL. PERDANA, KOTA PONTIANAK)
Authors: Zulfian Zulfian 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK Tanah gambut merupakan jenis tanah yang tergolong memiliki daya dukung tanah yang lemah. Pendugaan ketebalan tanah gambut telah dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode geolistrik resistivitas. Konfigurasi yang digunakan pada metode ini yaitu konfiguruasi Wenner dengan spasi elektroda terkecil sebesar 3 m. Dalam pendugaan lapisan tanah gambut, lintasan survei geolistrik resistivitas dibuat berjumlah 2 buah lintasan dengan panjang tiap lintasan 72 m dan berjarak 15 m. Data lapangan selanjutnya diolah dan dilakukan inversi sehingga diperoleh penampang resisitivtas 2D lokasi penelitian. Dari penampang resisitivitas 2D, pada lokasi penelitian diduga memiliki rata-rata ketebalan gambut 3 m s.d. 4 m dengan nilai resisitivitas 55,3 ?m s.d. 369 ?m. Setelah lapisan gambut, mulai dari kedalaman 3 m s.d. 10 m diduga lapisan tanah lempung. Informasi ketebalan lapisan tanah gambut dapat dimanfaatkan untuk perencanaan pembangunan khusunya daerah pemukiman dalam proses pembangunan rumah maupun gedung di Kota Pontianak. Kata kunci— geolistrik, resisitivitas, tanah gambut ABSTRACT Peat soil is a type of soil that has a weak soil bearing capacity. The estimation of the thickness of the peat soil can be done by applying the geoelectric resistivity method. The configuration used in this method is the Wenner configuration with the smallest electrode spacing of 3 m. In estimating the peat soil layer, the resistivity geoelectrical survey trajectory is made of 2 tracks with a length of each trajectory of 72 m and a distance of 15 m. The field data is then processed and inverted to obtain a 2D resistivity cross-section of the research location. From the 2D resistivity cross section, the research location is thought to have an average peat thickness of 3 m to 4 m with a resistivity value of 55.3 ?m to 369 ?m. After the peat layer, starting from a depth of 3 m to 10 m, it is assumed to be a layer of clay. Information on the thickness of the peat soil layer can be used for development planning, especially residential areas in the process of building houses and buildings in Pontianak City. Keywords—geoelectric, resistivity, peat soil
The E23K Polymorphism of KCNJ11 and Diabetic Retinopathy in Northern Iran
Authors: Alidoust L. , Ajamian F. , Abbaspour S. , Sharafshah A. , Keshavarz P. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe micro-vascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), involving interactions between environmental and genetic risk factors. KCNJ11 gene has a key role in insulin secretion and is of substantial interest in various populations.Methods: A population-based association of 524 T2DM patients was performed to delineate the genetic influence of KCNJ11 polymorphisms (rs5219, c.67A&gt;G or E23K) on the risk of DR in an Iranian population. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assay. Univariate and MLR analysis controlling for confounders was conducted to evaluate the association between rs5219 and DR.Results: No significant difference was observed in either genotypes distribution (p = 0.83) or allele frequency (p = 0.66) between T2DM individuals with and without DR in any models of inheritance. Genotype-phenotype association showed that DR group carrying GA genotypes, a significantly higher mean age was observed compared with two other genotypes (p = 0.04). MLR analysis indicated that HbAlc with adjusted OR of 1.84 (95% CI, 1.46–2.33, p = 0.00) and first-degree relatives of family history with adjusted OR of 2.85 (95% CI, 1.45–5.58, p = 0.002) were significantly associated with DR, but the c.67A&gt;G genotype is not an independent predictor of retinopathy.Conclusion: Collectively, rs5219 was not associated with DR among Iranians with T2DM.
Nanotechnology Approach for Exploring the Enhanced Bioactivities and Biochemical Characterization of Freshly Prepared Nigella sativa L. Nanosuspensions and Their Phytochemical Profile
Authors: Ali Tayyab , Hussain Fatma , Naeem Muhammad , Khan Ajmal , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

Nigella sativa is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants as it exhibits several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic, and hemolytic. The purpose of this study was to apply the nanotechnology approach for exploring the enhanced bioactivities of freshly prepared Nigella sativa L. nanosuspensions and the phytochemical profile of N. sativa seed ethanolic extract. In this study, we performed the biochemical characterization of Nigella sativa L. ethanolic extract through High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Gas chromatography (GC), and bioactivities in terms of antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and hemolytic activities of nanosuspension and extract were competitively studied. The results revealed that the nanosuspension of N. sativa seeds showed higher total phenolic (478.63 ± 5.00 mg GAE/100 g) and total flavonoid contents (192.23 ± 1.390 mg CE/100 g) than the ethanolic seed extract. The antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH scavenging assay, and nanosuspension showed higher potential (16.74 ± 1.88%) than the extract. The antidiabetic activity was performed using antiglycation and α-amylase inhibition assays, nanosuspension showed higher antidiabetic potential [antiglycation (58 ± 0.912%)] and [bacterial α-amylase inhibition (18.0 ± 1.3675%)], respectively. Nanosuspension showed higher biofilm inhibition activity against Escherichia coli (66.44 ± 3.529%) than the extract (44.96 ± 2.238%) and ciprofloxacin (59.39 ± 3.013%). Hemolytic activity was performed and nanosuspension showed higher hemolytic activity than the extract as 7.8 ± 0.1% and 6.5 ± 0.3%, respectively. The study showed that nanosuspension had enhanced the bioavailability of bioactive plant compounds as compared to the ethanolic extract. Therefore, nanosuspension of N. sativa seed extract showed higher biochemical activities as compared to the ethanolic extract. This nanotechnology approach can be used as a platform for the development of combination protocols for the characterization of liquid state nanosuspensions in an adequate manner and also for therapeutic applications.
Simple Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticle Composites In Situ Grown on Carbon Nanotubes for Phenol Detection
Authors: Hu Chao , Huang Haiping , Yan Yu , Hu Yongmei , Liu Sui-Jun , Wen He-Rui 
Published: May 2022

via simple hydrothermal method, CeO2 was in-situ grown onto the CNTs to form CeO2/CNTs nanocomposites were synthesized with cerium nitrate as Ce resource. The morphology and structure were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The characterizations reveal that CeO2 nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed onto the surface of the pre-acidified CNTs. The electrochemical property of the synthesized nanocomposite was investigated in 0.1 M KCl electrolyte containing 2 mM [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-. The nanocomposites were employed to fabricate electrochemical sensor for phenol detection. The linear range for phenol detection measured by the differential pulse voltammetry method is 1–500 μM. The sensor also exhibits good selectivity, reproducibility and stability. When applied for the river and tap water analysis, it shows good recovery rate.
Astragaloside IV Ameliorates Isoprenaline-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites
Authors: Du Xu-Qin , Shi Li-Peng , Chen Zhi-Wei , Hu Jin-Yuan , Zuo Biao , Xiong Yu , Cao Wen-Fu 
Published: May 2022

AimGut microbiota is of crucial importance to cardiac health. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a main active ingredient of Huangqi, a traditional edible and medicinal herb that has been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiac fibrosis (CF). However, it is still uncertain whether the consumption of AS-IV alleviates cardiac fibrosis through the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Therefore, we assessed whether the anti-fibrosis effect of AS-IV is associated with changes in intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites and if so, whether some specific gut microbes are conducive to the benefits of AS-IV.MethodsMale C57BL-6J mice were subcutaneously injected with isoprenaline (ISO) to induce cardiac fibrosis. AS-IV was administered to mice by gavage for 14 days. The effects of AS-IV on cardiac function, myocardial enzyme, cardiac weight index (CWI), and histopathology of ISO-induced CF mice were investigated. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to establish gut-microbiota profiles. Fecal-metabolites profiles were established using the liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).ResultsAS-IV treatment prevented cardiac dysfunction, ameliorated myocardial damage, histopathological changes, and cardiac fibrosis induced by ISO. AS-IV consumption increased the richness of Akkermansia, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011, and Rikenella. AS-IV also modulated gut metabolites in their feces. Among 141 altered gut metabolites, amino acid production was sharply changed. Furthermore, noticeable correlations were found between several specific gut microbes and altered fecal metabolites.ConclusionsAn increase of Akkermansia, Defluviitaleaceae_UCG-011, and Rikenella abundance, and modulation of amino acid metabolism, may contribute to the anti-fibrosis and cardiac protective effects of Astragaloside IV.
Differences in Lipid Profiles and Atherogenic Indices Between Hypertensive and Normotensive Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study of 11 Chinese Cities
Authors: Cheng Wenke , Wang Lili , Chen Siwei 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundSeveral previous studies have reported that dyslipidemia is associated with the risk of hypertension, but these studies are mainly conducted in European and US populations, with a very few studies in the Asian population. Moreover, the effects of atherosclerotic indices, including atherogenic coefficient (AC) and atherogenic risk of plasma (AIP), on hypertension in Asians have not been well described so far.MethodsFrom 2010 to 2016, altogether 211,833 Chinese adults were ultimately recruited at the health centers in 11 Chinese cities (including Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing, Suzhou, Shenzhen, Changzhou, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Hefei, Wuhan, and Nantong). Differences in continuous variables between the two groups were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test, while those in categorical variables were examined by the Chi-squared test. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between lipid profiles and the risk of hypertension. The predictive values of AC and AIP for the incidence of hypertension were analyzed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Meanwhile, Bayesian network (BN) models were performed to further analyze the associations between the different covariates and the incidence of hypertension.ResultsA total of 117,056 participants were included in the final analysis. There were significant differences in baseline characteristics between normotension and hypertension groups (p &lt; 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, the risk of hypertension increased by 0.2% (1.002 [1.001–1.003]), 0.2% (1.002 [1.001–1.003]), and 0.2% (1.002 [1.001–1.003]) per 1 mg/dl increase in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c), respectively. However, after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), an increase in HDL level was associated with a higher risk of hypertension (p for a trend &lt; 0.001), and the risk of hypertension increased by 0.6% per 1 mg/dl increase in HDL-c (1.006 [1.003–1.008]). In women, AC had the highest predictive value for the incidence of hypertension with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.667 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.659–0.674]. BN models suggested that TC and LDL were more closely related to the incidence of hypertension.ConclusionsOverall, lipid profiles were significantly abnormal in the hypertensive population than in the normotensive population. TC and LDL were strongly associated with the incidence of hypertension. TC, LDL, and non-HDL-c levels show a positive association, HDL-c shows a negative association, while TG is not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension. After adjusting for BMI, HDL-c turns out to be positively associated with the risk of hypertension. In addition, AC has a good predictive value for the incidence of hypertension in women.
Association Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Xiamen Residents of China: A Real-World Study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Chen Linjian , Li Zhaokai , Ni Wei , Wang Lin , Mei Wanchun , Ruan Guoqiang , Shi Zaixing , Dai Cuilian 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundSerum uric acid (SUA) levels was associated with cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular events. However, the relationship between SUA levels and traditional cardiovascular risk factors has not been well-established among Xiamen residents. Our study aimed to estimate the relationship between SUA levels and cardiovascular risk factors among Xiamen residents using real-world data.MethodsParticipants were enrolled from eight community health service centers in Xiamen, China. Participants were divided into four groups according to quartiles of the SUA levels. The history of diseases, the use of medications and the levels of laboratory parameters were collected. The China-PAR equation was used to evaluate the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.ResultsA total of 1,322 participants were enrolled. About 568 (43.0%) were men and 754 (57.0%) were women. The prevalences of hypertension, elderly, current smokers, and obesity were higher in the quartile 4 (Q4) group than the quartile 1 (Q1) group (all p &lt; 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed the OR for hypertension was 2.671 (95% CI 1.777–4.015, p &lt; 0.001) in the Q4 group compared with that in the Q1 group. Further logistic regression showed the OR for hypertension was 3.254 (95% CI 1.756–6.031, p &lt; 0.001) in men and 2.314 (95% CI 1.354–3.955, p = 0.002) in women in the Q4 group compared with that in the Q1 group, respectively. In addition, the percentage of participants with low 10-year ASCVD risk calculated by China-PAR was higher in the Q1 group than that in the Q4 group (55.86 vs. 31.82%, p &lt; 0.001). The percentage of participants with high 10-year ASCVD risk was lower in the Q1 group compared with the Q4 group (15.32 vs. 25.45%, p &lt; 0.001). Multiple linear logistic regression showed the 10-year China-PAR ASCVD risk scores was positively correlated with SUA after adjusting for various factors (β = 0.135, p = 0.001).ConclusionSerum uric acid was associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in Xiamen residents. The percentage of high 10-year ASDVD risk was higher in participants with hyperuricemia. Participants with hyperuricemia may experience cardiovascular benefit from uric acid-lowering therapy.
Modeling Tephra Fall and Sediment-Water Flows to Assess Their Impacts on a Vulnerable Building Stock in the City of Arequipa, Peru
Authors: Thouret J.-C. , Arapa E. , Charbonnier S. , Guerrero A. , Kelfoun K. , Cordoba G. , Rodriguez D. , Santoni O. 
Published: May 2022

Arequipa, Peru’s second economic center hosting c. 1,110,000 inhabitants, is the largest South American city exposed to a large variety of natural hazards. At least 200,000 live in areas likely to be affected by hazards from El Misti volcano, located 17 km to the NE. A multidisciplinary project aims to address the impacts of tephra fall and frequent mass flows on the vulnerable building stock and roofs along two ravines that cross the city, enabling decision-makers to undertake retrofitting projects and improve urban risk planning. Two recent eruptions, that is, the 1440–1470 CE Vulcanian event and c. 2070 years BP Plinian eruption, were chosen as references for probable scenarios of potential tephra fall impacts from El Misti on the building roofs. Tephra fall impacts on the city depend on the eruptive style, column height, and patterns of wind directions and velocities over south Peru and roof mechanical resistance. Estimates of potential damage levels and cost range values rely on nine structural types and four classes of vulnerable roofs. Simulation runs of hyperconcentrated flows (HCF) and debris flows (DF), using three depth-averaged flow models (Titan2F, VolcFlow, and Flo-2D) along two drainage basins on the SW flank of El Misti and across Arequipa, examined three scenarios from a database of 39 recent events and other historical lahars. Simulation results showcase the extent toward the city, inundation depths ≤4.6 m, flow velocities ≤9 m/s, and dynamic pressure up to 100 kPa from three different magnitude HCFs and DFs. In both ravines, overbank flows occurred in key urban areas due to channel sinuosity and constrictions near bridges. Potential impacts on habitat stem from ranges of flow dynamic pressure and measurements of construction material. We estimated the monetary loss of buildings according to hyperconcentrated flows and debris flows scenarios to contribute to retrofitting procedure, implementation of defense work, and relocation policy.
Mesoscale Eddy Effects on Nitrogen Cycles in the Northern South China Sea Since the Last Glacial
Authors: Chen Miao , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Li Da-Wei , Dong Liang 
Published: May 2022

Archaeal ammonia oxidation is the most important intermediate pathway in regulating the oceanic nitrogen cycle; however, the study of its specific role on a geological time scale is restricted to a specific part of marginal seas; thus far, only in the southern South China Sea (SCS). To explore the spatial pattern of the role of archaeal ammonia oxidation in the SCS, the GDGT-[2]/[3] ratio (Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraether), an indicator of the archaeal ammonia oxidation rate, was analyzed and examined from the collected data profiles since the last glacial period in the northern SCS. The results showed that the GDGT-[2]/[3] ratio in the northern SCS was opposite to that in the southern SCS, with higher GDGT-[2]/[3] values during the Holocene compared to the last glacial period. Based on existing published depths of thermocline (DOT) data in the northern SCS since 30 ka, we believe that hydrological structural variations induced by mesoscale eddies caused this difference. Therefore, physical processes are very important factors that control the nitrogen cycle over a long-time scale. This study may provide new insights into the understanding of the role of archaeal ammonia oxidation within the marine nitrogen cycle over geological time scale.
Methods for the Determination of Stable Isotope Ratios of Multiple Nitrogen Species in Rainwater Using Distillation and Evaporation
Authors: Jeong Young-Jae , Seo Bo-Seong , Baek Nuri , Kwak Jin-Hyeob , Lee Sang-Mo , Park Hyun-Jin , Choi Woo-Jung 
Published: May 2022

Nitrogen (N) isotope ratios (δ15N) of multiple N species including ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3−), dissolved organic N (DON), and total dissolved N (TDN) can serve as indicators of the sources of wet N deposition. However, methods for sequential analysis of these multiple N species are not well developed. In this study, methods for the determination of δ15N of these multiple N species were proposed through a traditional distillation method for NH4+and NO3−, direct evaporation for TDN, and an isotope mass balance equation for δ15N-DON. A series of experiments were conducted 1) to find evaporation conditions including pH (&lt;3.5 vs. 5.4) and evaporation methods (oven drying at 60 and 100°C, infra-red chamber, and freeze-drying), 2) to investigate precision and accuracy of distillation for δ15N of NH4+and NO3−, and 3) to determine δ15N-TDN by direct evaporation and δ15N-DON with mass balance equation. (NH4)2SO4(‒4.0 ± 0.03‰), KNO3(‒4.2 ± 0.03‰), and CO(NH2)2(‒5.4 ± 0.04‰) were used as reference materials for NH4+, NO3−, and DON, respectively. In this study, for the analysis of δ15N of NH4+and NO3−, the conventional distillation method was tested in an effort to save cost for laboratories equipped with the distillation system. Evaporation using oven at 60°C (but not 100°C), infra-red chamber, or freeze-drier after acidification to &lt; pH 3.5 prevented14NH3loss. Analysis of the δ15N-NO3−(‒4.4 ± 0.1‰ to ‒3.9 ± 0.5‰) was reliable for a wide range of N content (0.1–0.5 mg), but analytical errors for δ15N-NH4+were as high as 2.1‰ when N content was small (e.g., 0.1–0.3 mg N) due to background contamination and potential interference by co-existing DON. Direct evaporation of solution containing NH4+, NO3−, and DON to dryness produced reliable δ15N-TDN with accuracy &lt;0.15‰ and precision &lt;0.21‰. However, the analytical errors of δ15N-DON were highly dependent on the content of co-existing NH4+as well as DON content. Therefore, the proposed protocol can be applied for rainwater containing a high NH4+concentration (&gt;2.0 mg N L−1assuming that 200 ml of sample is used for distillation).
NFE2L3 as a Novel Biomarker Associated With IL-2/STAT5/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma and Other Cancers
Authors: Wang Zhen , Yang Han , Luo Bin , Duan Pengfei , Lin Peng 
Published: May 2022

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a malignant tumor originating from pleural mesothelial cells and has a high mortality rate worldwide. With the advent of immunotherapy in MPM treatment, there is an urgent need to elucidate the immune-related mechanisms in this caner.Methods: Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to score the immunocytes infiltration of data from different database sources. Identification of immunocyte-related genes was performed with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, and correlation analysis. Pan-caner analysis was performed using “DiffExp” and “Correlation” modules in TIMER.Results: T-helper 2 (Th2) cell was found to be a poor prognostic factor for patients with MPM. Then a transcription factor, NFE2L3, was identified as a biomarker that showed a strong positive correlation with Th2 cell infiltration, and was highly expressed in MPM tissues and was related to the poor prognosis of these patients. At the same time, multiple NFE2L3 methylation sites were negatively correlated with Th2 cell infiltration, and patients with a high degree of methylation enjoy a better prognosis. Pan-caner analysis indicated that NFE2L3 might promote the differentiation of Th2 cells through the IL-2/STAT5/NLRP3 signaling pathway in MPM and many other cancers.Conclusion: We believe that NFE2L3 can serve as a potential biomarker related to the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with MPM, and speculate that NFE2L3 could promote Th2 cell differentiation via IL-2/STAT5/NLRP3 signaling pathway in MPM and many other cancers.