bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The surrounding landscape shapes the abundance of Sphaerophoria scripta and Melanostoma mellinum (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Portuguese vineyards
Authors: Madureira Marta , Rodrigues Isabel , Villa María , Pereira José Alberto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The intensification of urban and agricultural use in the landscape is the major driver of biodiversity loss and the consequent decrease of ecosystem services provided by insects. Syrphids are important ecosystem service providers, including pest regulation, pollination, and matter decomposition.
Understanding how the surrounding landscape to crops affects syrphids is essential to implementing strategies to reverse the negative effects of the agricultural landscape's simplification.
This study describes the Syrphidae community in Portuguese vineyards and the response of the most abundant species, Sphaerophoria scripta Linnaeus, 1758, and Melanostoma mellinum Linnaeus, 1758, to the landscape composition and configuration within a gradient of distances (500, 1000, and 2000 m) from the sampled vineyards.
The presence of seminatural habitats and other crops in the surrounding landscape increased both species at the largest distance, whereas the presence of artificial territory, olive orchards, and vineyards reduce M. mellinum at some of the buffers.
Increasing seminatural habitats in the vineyards surrounding landscape (2000 m) and, potentially, introducing nature‐friendly practices in the principal crops around vineyards may favour syrphid abundance.
Incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use in patients undergoing ambulatory surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hamilton G. M. , Ladha K. , Wheeler K. , Nguyen F. , McCartney C. J. L. , McIsaac D. I. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe opioid crisis remains a major public health concern. In ambulatory surgery, persistent postoperative opioid use is poorly described and temporal trends are unknown. A population‐based retrospective cohort study was undertaken in Ontario, Canada using routinely collected administrative data for adults undergoing ambulatory surgery between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2017. The primary outcome was persistent postoperative opioid use, defined using best‐practice methods. Multivariable generalised linear models were used to estimate the association of persistent postoperative opioid use with prognostic factors. Temporal trends in opioid use were examined using monthly time series, adjusting for patient‐, surgical‐ and hospital‐level variables. Of 340,013 patients, 44,224 (13.0%, 95%CI 12.9–13.1%) developed persistent postoperative opioid use after surgery. Following multivariable adjustment, the strongest predictors of persistent postoperative opioid use were pre‐operative: utilisation of opioids (OR 9.51, 95%CI 8.69–10.39); opioid tolerance (OR 88.22, 95%CI 77.21–100.79); and utilisation of benzodiazepines (OR 13.75, 95%CI 12.89–14.86). The time series model demonstrated a small but significant trend towards decreasing persistent postoperative opioid use over time (adjusted percentage change per year −0.51%, 95%CI −0.83 to −0.19%, p = 0.003). More than 10% of patients who underwent ambulatory surgery experienced persistent postoperative opioid use; however, there was a temporal trend towards a reduction in persistent opioid use after surgery. Future studies are needed that focus on interventions which reduce persistent postoperative opioid use.
Carbon ion radiotherapy with pencil beam scanning for hepatocellular carcinoma: Long‐term outcomes from a phase I trial
Authors: Hong Zhengshan , Zhang Wenna , Cai Xin , Yu Zhan , Sun Jiayao , Wang Weiwei , Lin Lienchun , Zhao Jingfang , Cheng Jingyi , Zhang Guangyuan , Zhang Qing , Jiang Guoliang , Wang Zheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the feasibility of the pencil beam scanning technique of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in the setting of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and establishes the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) calculated by the Local Effect Model version I (LEM‐I) with a dose escalation plan. The escalated relative biological effectiveness‐weighted dose levels included 55, 60, 65, and 70 Gy in 10 fractions. Active motion management techniques were employed, and several measures were applied to mitigate the interplay effect induced by a moving target. CIRT was planned with the LEM‐I‐based treatment planning system and delivered by raster scanning. Offline PET/CT imaging was used to verify the beam range. Offline adaptive replanning was performed whenever required. Twenty‐three patients with a median tumor size of 4.3 cm (range, 1.7–8.5 cm) were enrolled in the present study. The median follow‐up time was 56.1 months (range, 5.7–74.4 months). No dose limiting toxicity was observed until 70 Gy, and MTD had not been reached. No patients experienced radiation‐induced liver disease within 6 months after the completion of CIRT. The overall survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 91.3%, 81.9%, and 67.1% after CIRT, respectively. The local progression‐free survival and progression‐free survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 100%, 94.4%, and 94.4% and 73.6%, 59.2%, and 37.0%, respectively. The raster scanning technique could be used to treat HCC. However, caution should be exercised to mitigate the interplay effect. CIRT up to 70 Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks was safe and effective for HCC.
Zum Sammeln und Ausstellen von traditioneller und populärer Volksmusik in Österreich – die Fallstudie Sammlung Wiesenhofer vor dem Hintergrund der internationalen Forschungssituation
Authors: Biedermann Translation: Bernadette 
Published: October 2022

Abstrakt:Der vorliegende Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit Fragen zum Sammeln und Ausstellen des Phänomens Musik am Beispiel einer privaten Sammlung und dem damit in Verbindung stehenden materiellen und immateriellen Kulturerbe. Diese Sammlung bezieht sich auf einen besonderen Musikstil – das Genre der Volksmusik unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der volkstümlichen Musik im alpenländischen Raum in Österreich. Das Ziel des Beitrags ist dabei die Erörterung der Fallstudie vor dem Hintergrund des aktuellen internationalen Forschungsstands zum Phänomen (Volks‐)Musik in Zusammenhang mit dem immateriellen und materiellen Kulturerbe. Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung stehen theoretische und praktische Fragestellungen der musealen Dokumentation und Kommunikation, die sich aus dem Fallbeispiel ergeben, in das die Autorin des vorliegenden Beitrags eingebunden war. Der Beitrag zielt des Weiteren darauf auf, den theoretischen Hintergrund durch den Ansatz der Allgemeinen Museologie diskursiv zu erweitern.
Crippled by anxiety: Bondage and freedom in the [Lutheran] concept of anxiety
Authors: Hockenbery Jennifer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractToday's understanding of anxiety has both a clinical and a quotidian sense. This article sketches how both senses owe a debt to Luther's understanding of the distress that arises from the paradoxical human condition of bondage and freedom of the will. While clinical anxiety must be considered in its own right and treated with the most empirically adequate scientific methods available, readers will find that Luther's pastoral views in regard to anxiety speak to the general feelings of anfectung in our current cultural context.
The Dyskinesia Impairment Scale, Second Edition: Development, construct validity, and reliability
Authors: Vanmechelen Inti , Danielsson Annika , Lidbeck Cecilia , Tedroff Kristina , Monbaliu Elegast , Krumlinde‐Sundholm Lena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo create a shortened, more user‐friendly Second Edition of the Dyskinesia Impairment Scale (DIS‐II) to assess dystonia and choreoathetosis, and evaluate its construct validity and reliability.MethodScale development included an online expert meeting (n = 21) and iterative discussions within the research group (n = 6). A Rasch measurement model analysis on DIS scores from individuals with dyskinetic cerebral palsy or inherited/idiopathic dystonia (n = 123, 74 males, mean age 14 years, SD 5 years) was performed to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the DIS‐II.ResultsThe DIS‐II evaluates dystonia and choreoathetosis in action and rest in 11 body regions, with action items scored from 0 to 3 and rest items 0 to 2. The number of videos to record are reduced from 26 to 14 and the items to score are reduced from 144 to 88. Rating scale functioning, goodness‐of‐fit evaluation, principal component analysis, and targeting met the predefined quality criteria of the study and construct validity was therefore considered good. Furthermore, person reliability indicated that the DIS‐II can separate individuals into eight distinct ability levels.InterpretationThe DIS‐II provides valid and reliable measures for dystonia and choreoathetosis, and reduces the administration and scoring time compared with the DIS. The DIS‐II logit scores (interval level data) enhance comparison over time and between individuals in clinical practice and research.What this paper adds

Compared with the Dyskinesia Impairment Scale (DIS), the shortened edition (DIS‐II) requires half of the number of videos to be scored.
The DIS‐II has a simplified rating scale, requiring scoring of 88 instead of 144 items.
The DIS‐II has shown excellent reliability and good construct validity.
The interval properties of the DIS‐II are superior to the ordinal level outcome measures of the DIS.
Safety and efficacy of liraglutide on reducing visceral and ectopic fat in adults with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: He Fengling , Chen Wei , Xu Wenlong , Liu Dan , Xiao Zhiwen , Tang Yating , Lin Zhongqiu , Liao Yulin , Bin Jianping , Chen GuoJun , Chen Yanmei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy and safety of liraglutide to reduce visceral and ectopic fat in adults with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsFour databases were searched up to 6 May 2022 for randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of liraglutide on visceral and ectopic fat. The mean and standard deviation of the values of visceral fat, ectopic fat and body mass index were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the type of disease (T2DM or non‐T2DM), duration of intervention, dosage of liraglutide and whether life interventions were added to liraglutide therapy. We extracted and integrated the safety assessments reported in each article.ResultsSixteen randomized clinical trials with, in total, 845 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. Liraglutide could significantly decrease visceral fat [standard mean difference (SMD) = −0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI; −1.12, −0.33)], liver fat [SMD = −0.78, 95% CI (−1.24, −0.32)] and body mass index [weighted mean difference = −1.44, 95% CI (−1.95, −0.92)] in adult patients with or without T2DM when compared with the control group. However, reduction of epicardial fat by liraglutide [SMD = −0.74, 95% CI (−1.82, 0.34)] was not statistically significant. Subgroup analysis revealed that an adequate dosage (≥1.8 mg/day) and appropriate duration of treatment (ranging from 16 to 40 weeks) were the decisive factors for liraglutide to reduce visceral fat effectively. Mild gastrointestinal reactions were the main adverse event of liraglutide.ConclusionsLiraglutide significantly and safely reduces visceral and ectopic liver fat irrespective of T2DM status, and reduces visceral fat provided adequate dosage and duration of therapy are ensured.
Dimorphism and microcycle conidiation of Pseudocercospora pseudostigmina‐platani conidia from American sycamore
Authors: Park Junhyung , Seo Dahye , An Hwa‐Yong , Park Ji‐Hyun , Kim Ki Woo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, the micromorphology and surface details of Pseudocercospora pseudostigmina‐platani conidia were investigated on American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) leaves. Sooty films were collected from diseased leaves for fungal DNA extraction and observed using light and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy. Two types of conidia were present on the leaves: (i) hyaline and curved Cercostigmina‐like conidia and (ii) brown and straight Stigmina‐like conidia. The fungal pathogen was identified as P. pseudostigmina‐platani based on morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer region sequences. Some non‐glandular trichomes were found near the centre of the conidial masses on the abaxial surface of the naturally infected leaves. Leaf ultrasonication to dislodge conidia revealed sporodochia erupting through the stomata. Hyphae from sporodochia grew on the leaf surface and entered host tissues through the stomata. Conidiogenous cells had terminal rings and tapered towards the flat region where a conidium was attached. The conidia produced secondary conidia directly without hyphae. After dislodging the conidia by ultrasonication, scars were observed. These results indicate that the fungus has dimorphic conidia and microcycle conidiation for simple and rapid asexual reproduction.
Comparative features and outcomes of major neurological complications of COVID‐19
Authors: Beghi Ettore , Moro Elena , Davidescu Eugenia Irene , Popescu Bogdan Ovidiu , Grosu Oxana , Valzania Franco , Cotelli Maria Sofia , Kiteva‐Trenchevska Gordana , Zakharova Maria , Kovács Tibor , Armon Carmel , Brola Waldemar , Yasuda Clarissa Lin , Maia Luís F. , Lovrencic‐Huzjan Arijana , de Seabra Mafalda Maria Laracho , Avalos‐Pavon Rafael , Aamodt Anne Hege , Meoni Sara , Gryb Victoria , Ozturk Serefnur , Karadas Omer , Krehan Ingomar , Leone Maurizio A. , Lolich Maria , Bianchi Elisa , Rass Verena , Helbok Raimund , Bassetti Claudio L. A. ,   the ENERGY Study Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim of this study was to assess the neurological complications of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and compare phenotypes and outcomes in infected patients with and without selected neurological manifestations.MethodsThe data source was a registry established by the European Academy of Neurology during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Neurologists collected data on patients with COVID‐19 seen as in‐ and outpatients and in emergency rooms in 23 European and seven non‐European countries. Prospective and retrospective data included patient demographics, lifestyle habits, comorbidities, main COVID‐19 complications, hospital and intensive care unit admissions, diagnostic tests, and outcome. Acute/subacute selected neurological manifestations in patients with COVID‐19 were analysed, comparing individuals with and without each condition for several risk factors.ResultsBy July 31, 2021, 1523 patients (758 men, 756 women, and nine intersex/unknown, aged 16–101 years) were registered. Neurological manifestations were diagnosed in 1213 infected patients (79.6%). At study entry, 978 patients (64.2%) had one or more chronic general or neurological comorbidities. Predominant acute/subacute neurological manifestations were cognitive dysfunction (N = 449, 29.5%), stroke (N = 392, 25.7%), sleep–wake disturbances (N = 250, 16.4%), dysautonomia (N = 224, 14.7%), peripheral neuropathy (N = 145, 9.5%), movement disorders (N = 142, 9.3%), ataxia (N = 134, 8.8%), and seizures (N = 126, 8.3%). These manifestations tended to differ with regard to age, general and neurological comorbidities, infection severity and non‐neurological manifestations, extent of association with other acute/subacute neurological manifestations, and outcome.ConclusionsPatients with COVID‐19 and neurological manifestations present with distinct phenotypes. Differences in age, general and neurological comorbidities, and infection severity characterize the various neurological manifestations of COVID‐19.
Unveiling unselective fishing in China: A nationwide meta‐analysis of multispecies fisheries
Authors: Sun Ming , Li Yunzhou , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding and managing fishery selectivity to target species and desirable size are instrumental to fisheries management. China, as the world's largest producer of marine capture fisheries, has been widely perceived to possess unselective domestic fisheries. To date, this perception remains largely anecdotal and conjectural, hindering the development of evidence‐based and effective management solutions. Here, we conducted a literature review to examine the magnitude and scale of unselective fisheries in China. By collating and analysing 140 fishery‐level and 807 species‐level records from 66 peer‐reviewed publications from 2010 to 2021, we found that primary target species were absent in 59% of fisheries, while unidentifiable low‐value and juvenile mixed catch were universal. Key commercial taxa were subject to nationwide multi‐gear and multispecies fisheries, each involving an average of 3.33 types of gear and accounting for less than 25% of catch individually. The ‘permissible gears’ defined by the national gear regulatory catalogue were selective over target species and caught negligible by‐products, though they were used less frequently, representing only 24% of catch records. While unselective fishing can provide seafood supplies for China's large population and potentially facilitate balanced harvest, management actions are needed to control the fishing pressure on primary target species and by‐product species. Amid the ongoing fisheries management reform in China, we proposed management recommendations tailored to China's needs and social contexts, including accounting for the trade‐off between socio‐economic and ecological goals, contemplating impacts of unselective fishing when implementing TAC programmes, and strengthening fisheries monitoring to inform management at multiple scales.
On the track of intramembrane clippers: the SPPL2a/b proteases caught in the act in animal models
Authors: Trávníčková Květa , Stříšovský Kvido 
Published: October 2022

In this issue, Ballin et al. report on their analysis of the substrate repertoire of SPPL2a and b intramembrane proteases. Based on the previous studies of their closest homologues, SPPL2c, SPPL3 and SPP, the authors hypothesized that SPPL2a/b proteases may cleave a subset of SNARE proteins. Indeed, four R‐SNARE proteins, VAMP1, 2, 3 and 4, were cleaved by SPPL2a/b, both in overexpression assays and at endogenous levels. These findings have been validated by analysis of SPPL2a/b double knock‐out mice tissues, which implicates these proteases in the regulation of SNARE protein turnover in vivo. The study of Ballin et al. also provides material for future studies of factors determining substrate specificity of SPPLs, as they cleave different subsets of the tail‐anchored SNARE proteins.Comment on: https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.16610
Early life stress exacerbates bone resorption and inhibits anxiety‐like behaviour induced by apical periodontitis in rats
Authors: Bertolini Botelho Maria Clara , Cintra Luciano Tavares Angelo , da Silva Cristiane Cantiga , Mitsuy Kayahara Giseli , Belzunces Pereira Rosani , Oliveira Santos Mylena Fernanda , Issamu Miyahara Glauco , Biasoli Éder Ricardo , Penha Oliveira Sandra Helena , Bernabé Daniel Galera 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of the early life stress (ELS) on the severity of the apical periodontitis (AP) in Wistar rats.MethodologyForty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10): Control rats; AP—rats with AP; ELS—rats subject to ELS; AP + ELS—rats exposed to ELS and subject to AP. ELS was induced by maternal separation (MS) for a period of 3 h for 21 consecutive days. AP was induced via pulp exposure of the first and second right maxillary molars to the oral environment for 40 days. Three days before euthanasia, all rats underwent behavioural analysis to measure anxiety levels by elevated zero maze. Then, the rats were euthanized and the maxillas were removed to assess the occurrence and severity of AP. The periapical region was evaluated for the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and the extent of bone loss. The Mann–Whitney test was performed for nonparametric data, and the Tukey's or Student's t‐test was performed for parametric data (p < .05).ResultsThe intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate was significantly larger in the AP + ELS group when compared with AP group (p < .05). The AP + ELS group exhibited significantly greater alveolar bone loss, with a periapical lesion size of 103.5 ± 29.88, compared with 72.3 ± 22.28 in the AP group (p < .05). Rats with AP displayed higher anxiety‐like behaviour in relation to the control group (p < .05). However, exposure to ELS abolished the AP‐induced increased anxiety‐like ‘behaviour’ throughout, since that rats from AP + ELS group attended more the open arms than non‐stressed rats with AP (p < .05).ConclusionEarly life stress is predictive of the severity of AP exacerbating the inflammatory process and increasing periapical bone resorption.
In vitro inflammatory modulation of bioceramic endodontic sealer in macrophages stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Martorano Antônio Secco , Messias Nadyne Saab , Bighetti‐Trevisan Rayana Longo , de Oliveira Paulo Tambasco , de Castro Raucci Larissa Moreira Spinola , Raucci Neto Walter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of AH Plus (Dentsply), Sealer 26 (Dentsply), and Sealer Plus BC (Produtos Médicos e Odontológicos) on cytotoxicity and inflammation in macrophage cultures exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).MethodologyAfter initial setting, the sealers were conditioned with serum‐free culture medium for 24 h (1 ml/cm2). Macrophages from the RAW 264.7 strain were exposed to sealer extracts in a 1:16 ratio in a culture medium with or without LPS. Cell morphology, viability, mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress and gene expression of interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) were evaluated. Data on mitochondrial activity, oxidative stress and TNF‐α were analysed using a two‐way analysis of variance (anova) test, followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls post‐test. IL‐1β data were analysed using one‐way anova, followed by SNK, and the t‐test was used for intragroup comparison. The significance level was set at 5%.ResultsIn the absence of LPS, only AH Plus and Sealer 26 showed a reduction in cell density, while in the presence of LPS, Sealer 26 had the lowest density compared to the other groups. In terms of mitochondrial activity, at 24 and 48 h, Sealer Plus BC had significantly higher mean values than Sealer 26 and AH Plus (p < .05). Sealer 26 exhibited the lowest levels of oxidative stress and IL‐1β and TNF‐α expression, regardless of the presence of LPS (p < .05).ConclusionsAlthough all sealers interfere with the response of macrophages to LPS, contact with epoxy resin‐based sealers can impair cell activity in vitro, while bioceramic sealer seems to favour the inflammatory functions of these cells.