bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GC-MS profiling of the phytochemical constituents of the whole plant of Brillantaisia owariensis (P. Beauv) and its anti-inflammatory prospects in the management of African Trypanosomiasis
Authors: Ayawa Nafisa Garba , Mazlan Mazlina , Ramon-Yusuf Suleiman Babatunde , Wada Yunusa Adamu , Shehu Dalhatu Mukhtari , Oniye Sonnie Joshua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Brillantaisia owariensis (Acanthaceae) is evident in its traditional use in the forest region of West Africa for the treatment of several ailments, including trypanosomiasis. Despite its widespread use, the plant has not been subjected to pharmacological investigations to ascertain its phytochemical profile and efficacy in folklore medicine. This study was designed to determine the phytochemical and GC-MS profile of the whole plant of B. owariensis and elucidate its pharmacological implications in managing trypanosomiasis. The plant was collected from Nigeria's South-western Forest vegetation zone. Thirty grams of the processed powder was extracted using the Soxhlet method using methanol as solvent. The phytochemical and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analyses of the methanol extract were done. Thirty BALB/c mice were randomly allocated into six groups of five mice to test for anti-inflammatory activity. Each mouse in groups 2–6 was infected with 0.1 mL of 106 T. brucei /mL, while group 1 served as neutral non-infected control. Following the establishment of parasitaemia by three days post-infection, mice were either non-treated, treated with standard drug or treated at varying dosages of methanol extracts and sacrificed by day 9 for histopathologic evaluation. High levels of Phyto-constituents were detected, and the GC-MS profiling revealed the presence of twenty-four bioactive compounds. The extracts of B. owariensis showed ameliorative and anti-inflammatory activities on the histology of the vital organs and tissues at varying dosages. The methanol extract of B. owariensis is rich in bioactive components with promising potential in managing inflammatory diseases such as African trypanosomosis.
Polymorphisms in placental iodothyronine deiodinase genes are not associated with neural tube defects in pregnant women with high maternal serum homocysteine and low thyroid hormone levels
Authors: Wang Fang , Gu Yan-Hong , Guo Jin , Bao Yihua , Qiu ZhiYong , Zheng Ping , Ushijima Masaru , Matsuura Masaaki , Zhang Ting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: This study hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms in placental iodothyronine deiodinase genes could be related to neural tube defects in pregnant women with high maternal serum homocysteine and low thyroid hormone levels. Methods: We performed a case-control study between 2007 and 2009 that included pregnant women from the Lüliang Mountains, Shanxi Province, China. Nine distinct single nucleotide polymorphisms in the iodothyronine deiodinase type 1, type 2, and type 3 genes were analyzed using placental samples obtained from 83 pregnant women with fetuses harboring neural tube defects (cases) and 90 pregnant women with fetuses without neural tube defects (controls). The nine single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed using the Cochran–Armitage test and the Chi-squared test (Fisher’s exact test). Results: There were no statistically significant associations between the nine placental single nucleotide polymorphisms and neural tube defects (P>0.05). Additionally, no statistically significant relationships were found between the single nucleotide polymorphisms in placental iodothyronine deiodinase genes and neural tube defects among pregnant women with high maternal serum homocysteine and low thyroid hormone levels. Conclusions: Our result in this study supports our previous report, which showed dysregulation of iodothyronine deiodinase type 3 transcription due to histone modifications of the promotor region in a mouse model of spina bifida. Our result also suggests that other factors such as histone modifications of the genes of deiodinases by a higher level of serum total homocysteine rather than single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes contribute to neural tube defects in pregnant women with high maternal serum homocysteine and low thyroid hormone levels.
Effects of acupuncture at acupoints with lower versus higher pain threshold for knee osteoarthritis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Jiali , Li Ying , Li Ling , Luo Xiaochao , Li Ning , Yang Xuguang , Zhang Hongxing , Liu Zhibin , Kang Deying , Luo Yanan , Liu Yanmei , Jia Yulong , Ren Yan , Yao Minghong , Wang Yuning , Chen Jin , Maiji Mewujia , Zou Kang , Zhao Ling , Sun Xin , Liang Fanrong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe acupoint selections impact the effects of acupuncture, and preliminary evidence showed potential connection between pain threshold (PT) and acupuncture response. This study examined whether acupuncture at acupoints with lower PT versus higher PT would yield different effects in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). MethodsIn this multicenter randomized clinical trial, patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive acupuncture at acupoints with lower PT (LPT group), acupuncture at acupoints with higher PT (HPT group), and no acupuncture (waiting-list group). PT was measured with electronic von Frey detector. The primary outcome was the change in WOMAC total score from baseline to 16 weeks, and the secondary outcomes were SF-12 score, and active knee range of motion (ROM). Intention-to-treat analysis was conducted with linear mixed-effect model. ResultsAmong 666 randomized patients, 625 (93.84%) completed the study. From baseline to 16 weeks, patients in the LPT group versus HPT group had similar effects in reducing WOMAC total score (adjusted mean difference (MD) 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.51 to 6.92, P=0.36), while a greater reduction in WOMAC total score was observed in LPT group (-9.77, 95% CI -14.47 to -5.07, P< 0.001) and HPT group (-11.97, 95% CI -16.71 to -7.24, P< 0.001) compared with waiting-list group. There were no differences in SF-12 score and knee ROM between LPT versus HPT groups. ConclusionAcupuncture at acupoints with lower versus higher PT were similarly effective for patients with KOA. This finding suggests that PT may not be a marker for selecting acupoints when acupuncturing patients with KOA.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03299439. Registered 3 October 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03299439
High expression of TLR3 in triple-negative breast cancer predicts better prognosis —data from the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center cohort and tissue microarrays
Authors: Zhou Peng , Jin Xi , Zhang Wen-Juan , Shao Zhi-Ming , Fan Lei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We have previously reported that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) acts as a suppressor gene for breast cancer initiation and progression. In this study, we evaluated the role of TLR3 in breast cancer using our original Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) datasets and breast cancer tissue microarrays.METHODS: Using FUSCC multiomics datasets on triple- negative breast cancer (TNBC), we compared the mRNA expression of TLR3 in TNBC tissue and the adjacent normal tissue. A Kaplan–Meier plotter was performed to investigate the expression of TLR3 on prognosis in the FUSCC TNBC cohort. We performed immunohistochemical staining to analyze TLR3 protein expression in the TNBC tissue microarrays. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis was performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to verify the results of our FUSCC study. The relationship between TLR3 and clinicopathological features was analyzed with logistic regression and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The association between clinical characteristics and overall survival in TCGA patients was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify signaling pathways that are differentially activated in breast cancer.RESULTS: The mRNA expression of TLR3 was lower in TNBC tissue than in the adjacent normal tissue in the FUSCC datasets. The TLR3 had high expression in immunomodulatory (IM) and mesenchymal-like (MES) subtypes and low expression in luminal androgen receptor (LAR) and basal-like immune-suppressed (BLIS) subtypes. High expression of TLR3 in TNBC predicted better prognosis in the FUSCC TNBC cohort. Immunohistochemical staining of the tissue microarrays showed that TLR3 had lower expression in breast cancer tissues than in the adject normal tissues. Furthermore, the TLR3 expression was positively associated with B cell, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and myeloid dendritic cells. Bioinformatic analysis using high-throughput RNA-sequencing data from the TCGA demonstrated that the reduced expression of TLR3 in breast cancer was associated with advanced clinicopathological characteristics, survival time, and poor prognosis.CONCLUSIONS: TLR3 has low expression in TNBC tissue. High expression of TLR3 in triple-negative breast cancer predicts better prognosis. TLR3 expression may be a potential prognostic molecular marker of poor survival in breast cancer.
What excited tsunami from Tonga 2022 eruption? Observation and theory
Authors: Nishikawa Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Masa-Yuki , Nakajima Kensuke , Hamama Islam , Saito Hiroaki , Kakinami Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Tsunamis are commonly generated by earthquakes beneath the ocean floor, volcanic eruptions, and landslides. The mysterious tsunami following the Tonga eruption of 2022 is believed to be excited by the atmospheric pressure fluctuations generated by the explosion of this volcano. However, it is not clarified observationally and theoretically that which atmospheric fluctuations excited the tsunami. We show the atmospheric waves that possibly excited the tsunami based on observations detected by our own-manufactured sensors in Japan. The atmospheric fluctuations are classified into Lamb waves, acoustic waves, and gravity waves. The arrival time of the gravity wave and atmosphere-ocean coupling simulation show that the gravity wave propagated at a phase speed of 200-220 m/s, coinciding with tsunami velocity in the Pacific Ocean and suggesting that the gravity wave resonantly excited the tsunami (Proudman resonance). These observations and theory provide an essential basis for theoretical investigations of volcano-induced meteo-tsunamis, including the Tonga event.
Detection of biomarkers related to the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer through the combination of gene expression profiling and DNA methylation
Authors: Qi Liqiang , Sun Bo , Yang Beibei , Lu Su 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Understanding the DNA changes during the development of breast cancer from the molecular level has certain guidance significance for the diagnosis and treatment of it.
Methods
To detect marker genes of breast cancer, we simultaneously analyzed the gene expression profiling and DNA methylation microarray data of breast cancer downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database. The overlapped genes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened. Based on these overlapped genes, hypermethylated - low expression "and" hypomethylated - high expression "genes and their methylation sites were screened, which were considered to be the susceptibility genes associated with breast cancer. At the same time, we analyzed the correlation between susceptibility genes expression and clinical indicators, such as Overall Survival (OS), tumor stage and distant metastasis and so on. .
Result
It was found that there were 14 hypermethylated - low expression genes and 6 hypomethylated - high expression genes, among which fifteen genes were associated with patient OS; Seven genes were associated with tumor stage and ten genes were associated with neoplasia, metastasis, recurrence, and regional disease of tumor.
Conclusion
We have identified 20 hypermethylated-low expression and hypomethylated-high expression genes in breast cancer through the integrated analysis of gene expression profiling and DNA methylation. Among them, the expression of ITIH5 and MAMDC2 had association with clinical characteristics, including OS, tumor stage, occurrence, metastasis, recurrence and local regional disease and they were enriched by GO function annotation. They might be regarded as beneficial biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.
The effects of abscisic acid administration in PCOS rat model and H202 induced human granulosa cell damage: A preliminary investigation
Authors: Xie Yidong , Li Xiaohong , Guo Junliang , Xiao Li , Li Shangwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with metabolic disorders. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone present in vegetables and fruits that can be naturally supplied by the dietary intake and has been previously studied for its benefits to human health, especially in diabetes people. It has been demonstrated that ABA plays a key role in glucose metabolism, inflammation, and tumor growth.Methods: Wistar rats were implanted with letrozole-continuous-release pellets to induce a PCOS-like phenotype, subsequently treated with ABA or vehicle control. Bodyweight changes, Testosterone(T) level, fasting insulin measurements, and glucose tolerance tests have been investigated. A cell apoptosis model was established induced by H2O2. Cell viability was tested by cell counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Cell apoptosis was tested by flow cytometry, and the oxidative stress state of cells was examined using ROS array.Results: Body weights, glucose impairment, and T level were significantly improved in the ABA treated PCOS rat than in vehicle-treated control PCOS rats. ABA significantly reduced H2O2-induced KGNs cell apoptosis and ROS levels and increased cell viability. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ABA could be a candidate adjunctive treatment for improving the insulin sensitivity and hyperandrogenemia of PCOS patients, and ameliorated H2O2-induced KGN cell apoptosis and oxidant stress.
Ground-glass opacity in a patient with right aortic arch and no left pulmonary artery
Authors: Yang Guang , Zeng Chenxi , Tu Dehao , Fu Xiangning , Xiong Jing , Liu Changyu , Cai Yixin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Here we report a case of patients with mixed ground glass opacity in the left lung combined with congenital right aortic arch, which is only present in 0.01% to 0.1% of adults.Case presentation: A 60-year-old woman was referred to our department with a mixed ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the upper lobe of her left lung. She had congenital right aortic arch, and the left pulmonary artery was absent. Enhanced chest computed tomography, pulmonary perfusion imaging, and three-dimensional reconstruction were performed to confirm the blood supply in the left lung and the exact location of the GGO. Because of the unusual left pulmonary vascular structure, wedge resection was performed to prevent massive hemorrhage. The final pathological examination revealed that the mixed GGO was a well-differentiated pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Conclusion: The surgical options should be evaluated carefully in view of the complications and the prognosis of the patient, when ground glass opacity is combined with congenital cardiovascular anomalies.
Visual outcomes of observation, macular laser and anti-VEGF in diabetic macular edema in type 1 diabetes: a real-world study
Authors: Wirkkala Joonas , Kubin Anna-Maria , Ohtonen Pasi , Yliselä Joona , Siik Taru , Hautala Nina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) has revolutionized during the last 15 years after the introduction of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the real-world visual outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in long-term follow-up. Methods: A real-world, descriptive, population-based cohort and follow-up of all patients with T1D and DME in 2006-2020 in 34 communities of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District. The main outcome measures included age, gender, duration of T1D at the onset of DME, stage of retinopathy, treatment of DME (observation, laser, intravitreal treatments, combination), and visual outcomes. Results: A total of 304 eyes of 206 T1D patients with DME were included. 75% (n=155) had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy during the onset of DME. 15% of the cases were observed, 33% had macular laser, 41% intravitreal anti-VEGF and 12% combination of laser and intravitreal injections. Patients in anti-VEGF and in combination groups gained 4.9 and 5.5 ETDRS letters after the initial DME (p<0.001 and p<0.001), and the long-term visual improvements were 4.1 and 5.1 ETDRS letters (p<0.001 and p<0.001), respectively.The average of 6.1土4.8 anti-VEGF injections were needed to dry DME. Visual impairment due to DME decreased from 2.4% to 1.0% during15 years.Conclusion: Early intensive treatment by anti-VEGF alone or in combination with macular laser seems to be beneficial in terms of better visual outcomes and treatment stability in T1D patients with DME, whereas a slight decrease in vision was noted in observation or laser groups. Moreover, satisfying long-term visual outcomes were commonly achieved with anti-VEGF treatment in a real-world setting.
Seasonally apportioning the potential sources and transport pathways of atmosphere particulate matter in Hefei City, the most rapidly developing megalopolis in China
Authors: Niu Siping , Wang Tiantian , Yu Jianghua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Trajectories cluster analysis (CA), potential source contribution function (PSCF) method and concentration weighted trajectories (CWT) method were integrated to identify the potential sources of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) during 2018 to 2020 in Hefei city of China. From 2018 to 2020 PM10 and PM2.5 were annually averaged at 66.74 ± 33.05 µg·m− 3 and 38.08 ± 23.05 µg·m− 3, respectively. Correspondingly, the mean concentrations in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 73.41 ± 30.04, 45.80 ± 16.50, 72.75 ± 35.10 and 81.81 ± 38.17 µg·m− 3 for PM10 while 38.73 ± 15.73, 24.26 ± 10.73, 37.16 ± 19.60 and 61.42 ± 32.16 µg·m− 3 for PM2.5, with the highest in winter while the lowest in summer. CA shows that Hefei’s atmosphere particulate matter pollution was mainly affected by those air flows derived from the north and northwest China in spring, autumn and winter, while south and southeast during the summer. The pressures of backjectories were in the range of 700 ~ 950 hPa during four seasons, wherein summer had a higher pressure than that of other seasons. This means that the influence of near surface air mass was stronger in summer. PSCF and CWT analysis indicate that winter had the largest number of potential contribution sources. In spring, autumn and winter several cities from the Fen-Wei Plain and ‘2 + 26’ cities were identified as the major contributor. In addition, some places in Anhui province were also the considerably potential contributor. It is found the air pollution transport pathways reaching Hefei City have changed recently. This study could benefit the prevention and control of air pollution in city clusters and metropolitan area in China.
miR-1307-5p suppresses proliferation and tumorigenesis of bladder cancer via targeting MDM4 and the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Wei , Xiong Shida , Zhang Cheng , Zhou Xiaocheng , Wang Gongxian , Guo Ju 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence has shown that miR-1307-5p is involved in tumorigenesis of various types of cancer. This study aims to assess the role and mechanism of miR-1307-5p in bladder cancer.
Methods
Bioinformatics analyses were carried out with clinical datasets in the public domains. To investigate the cellular functions of miR-1307-5p, assays of cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were conducted in bladder cancer cell lines and xenografts. The molecular mechanisms of miR-1307-5p were studied using luciferase reporter, RT-qPCR, and western blotting analyses.
Results
We found that miR-1307-5p expression was significantly decreased in bladder cancer tissues, and its lower level was associated with poor prognosis. Cellular assays demonstrated the tumor-suppressor roles of miR-1307-5p were linked to cell proliferation and cell cycle inhibition and cell apoptosis promotion. Conversely, anti-miR-1307-5p facilitated cell proliferation and cell cycle and antagonized cell apoptosis. In the in vivo setting, tumor growth was suppressed by miR-1307-5p overexpression. We determined by bioinformatic and luciferase reporter assays that miR-1307-5p targets the 3'-UTR of MDM4, a well-known Inhibitor of TP53-mediated transactivation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Specifically, miR-1307-5p markedly reduced MDM4 proteins expression, decreased the expression of Ki-67 and PCNA, and increased the expression of cleaved-caspase 3 and caspase 9. While in parallel assays, anti-miR-1307-5p had opposite effects. In addition, we validated that miR-1307-5p overexpression would suppress bladder cancer cell growth by inhibiting MDM4 and its downstream Hippo pathway.
Conclusion
In bladder cancer, miR-1307-5p functions as a tumor suppressor and has the potentials as biomarker and therapeutical agent.