bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial cohort to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel stent graft system (WeFlow-JAAA) for the treatment of juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm: A study protocol
Authors: Gao Jiang-Ping , Zhang Hong-Peng , Jia Xin , Xiong Jiang , Ma Xiao-Hui , Wang Li-Jun , Zhang Min-Hong , Xu Yong-Le , Guo Wei 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionJuxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (JRAAAs) are challenging to cure by traditional endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). Due to the inherent disadvantages of the customized fenestrated and/or branched aortic endografts (such as delayed cycles with a risk of aneurysm rupture, unavailable in emergency or confine operations), several off-the-shelf devices have been developed for the treatment of JRAAA. However, these devices being used in clinical trials have been proven to have a non-negligible risk of reintervention and inadequate anatomic applicability. We have developed a new off-the-shelf aortic endograft system (WeFlow-JAAA) with a mixed design of inner branches and modified fenestrations. The purpose of this cohort study is to assess the safety and effectiveness of the innovative aortic endograft system.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective, multicenter, single-armed clinical trial cohort study. The enrolment will take place in 29 centers in China, and 106 adult patients with JRAAA will be enrolled in total. Clinical information and CT angiography (CTA) images will be collected and recorded. Patients will be followed up for 5 years. The primary safety endpoint is the rate of no major adverse event within 30 days after index EVAR. The primary efficacy endpoint is the rate of immediate technical success and no JRAAA-related reintervention within 12 months after the procedure.
Application of multiple testing procedures for identifying relevant comorbidities, from a large set, in traumatic brain injury for research applications utilizing big health-administrative data
Authors: Jana Sayantee , Sutton Mitchell , Mollayeva Tatyana , Chan Vincy , Colantonio Angela , Escobar Michael David 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundMultiple testing procedures (MTP) are gaining increasing popularity in various fields of biostatistics, especially in statistical genetics. However, in injury surveillance research utilizing the growing amount and complexity of health-administrative data encoded in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10), few studies involve MTP and discuss their applications and challenges.ObjectiveWe aimed to apply MTP in the population-wide context of comorbidity preceding traumatic brain injury (TBI), one of the most disabling injuries, to find a subset of comorbidity that can be targeted in primary injury prevention.MethodsIn total, 2,600 ICD-10 codes were used to assess the associations between TBI and comorbidity, with 235,003 TBI patients, on a matched data set of patients without TBI. McNemar tests were conducted on each 2,600 ICD-10 code, and appropriate multiple testing adjustments were applied using the Benjamini-Yekutieli procedure. To study the magnitude and direction of associations, odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were constructed.ResultsBenjamini-Yekutieli procedure captured 684 ICD-10 codes, out of 2,600, as codes positively associated with a TBI event, reducing the effective number of codes for subsequent analysis and comprehension.ConclusionOur results illustrate the utility of MTP for data mining and dimension reduction in TBI research utilizing big health-administrative data to support injury surveillance research and generate ideas for injury prevention.
A crustal LVZ in Iceland revealed by ambient noise multimodal surface wave tomography
Authors: Zhang Sen , Zhang Gongheng , Feng Xuping , Li Zhengbo , Pan Lei , Wang Jiannan , Chen Xiaofei 
Published: September 2022

The crustal low-velocity zone (LVZ), an important anomaly found in some regional structures of Iceland, is still absent in the Icelandic average velocity structure due to limitations of tomography methods. Using stations from the HOTSPOT experiment and other supplemental stations throughout Iceland, we apply the frequency-Bessel transform method (F-J method) to extract the first two mode dispersion curves from ambient noise data. We obtain an average S-wave velocity (Vs) model of Iceland down to 120 km depth, where two LVZs at depths of 12–22 km and below 55 km are found. The shallow LVZ, whose rationalities are justified using theoretical dispersion curves of certain models to recover themselves, may improve the understanding of the Icelandic average crust. Furthermore, our model shows better representativeness by comparing travel time residuals of the primary wave between observed and synthetic data predicted using different average velocity models. Based on the variations of the Vs gradient, the Icelandic crust with an average thickness of 32 km is divided into the upper crust (0–10 km), middle crust (10–22 km), and lower crust (22–32 km). The asthenosphere starts from the deeper LVZ at 55 km depth, potentially indicating the relatively concentrated melt in this depth range. In this study, crustal LVZs are revealed both in a volcanic active zone and a non-volcanic zone, which may also suggest the LVZ in the average model has more complex origins than the high-temperature zone beneath the central volcanoes. The prevalent thick-cold crustal model of Iceland, considered to rule out the existence of a broad region of partial melt in the crust, also strengthens the possibility of diverse origins. The variations in petrology may also contribute to the crustal LVZ in the average model.
Study on the evolution and prediction of fracture depth of surrounding rock in deep mining roadway based on numerical analysis and borehole detection
Authors: Li Huaibin , Zhao Xingdong , Dai Bibo , Huang Zujun , Zhu Qiankun 
Published: September 2022

The failure of surrounding rock in deep hard rock roadway is closely related to mining disturbance. In this study, the 13# stope ramp of −767 m level (at a buried depth of 1,197 m) at Hongtoushan copper mine was taken as the engineering background, a comprehensive analysis method of numerical analysis and borehole detection was put forward, and the evolution law of fracture depth of the ramp surrounding rock under the mining influence was obtained. The results show that the maximum tangential stress and fracture depth of the ramp surrounding rock on both sidewalls increase slowly at the initial mining stage. When the ore body above the ramp is mined, the maximum tangential stress and fracture depth of the ramp surrounding rock on both sidewalls increase rapidly, and the two parameters are positively correlated. Based on this, the ratio of the maximum tangential stress of the surrounding rock to the uniaxial compressive strength of intact rock (σθmax/σc) and the equivalent radius (a) of the roadway were used as parameters, and an equation for the fracture depth of the roadway surrounding rock was proposed. Through the case analysis, the results show that the proposed equation of fracture depth of the roadway surrounding rock has good prediction accuracy. This study enriches the research on the stability and failure mechanism of the roadway surrounding rock under the mining disturbance, and provides new basis for the support design of mining roadways.
Maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes associated with low birth weight
Authors: Shaohua Yang , Bin Zheng , Mei Liu , Jingfei Zhai , Pingping Qiao , Yanping He , Liping Zhu , Jiexin Yan , Guoshun Mao 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to evaluate the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and related maternal risk factors (during pregnancy or childbirth) and neonatal outcomes. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to select 7,421 pregnant women who gave birth in our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021. The data were analyzed using STATA 14.1, and the dependent variable (LBW) and risk were analyzed by the chi-square test of independence. The association between factors is used to determine the factors related to LBW through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. The incidence of LBW in this study was 4.77%. Compared with single pregnant women, the probability of newborn LBW in married pregnant women is 40% lower (AOR = 0.60 95%CI: 0.40–0.90, p = 0.013). Compared with gestational age less than 37 weeks, the LBW probability of gestational age 37–42 and 42 weeks or older is 85 and 81% lower respectively (AOR = 0.15 95% CI: 0.10–0.24, p = 0.001; AOR = 0.19 95 %CI: 0.09–38, p = 0.001), compared with normal pregnant women, the probability of neonatal LBW among pregnant women with hypertension is 94% higher [AOR = 1.94 (95% CI: 1.39–2.74, p = 0.001). Compared with neonates with normal birth weight, neonates with LBW are at Apgar 1 min And Apgar 5 min score is lower than 7 (AOR = 0.52 95%CI: 0.37–0.73, p = 0.001, AOR = 0.54 95%CI: 0.38–0.75, p = 0.001) higher risk. In conclusion, women’s marital status (single), gestational age (&lt;37 weeks), and combined hypertension are independently associated with LBW, and the higher risk of Apgar 1 min and Apgar 5 min scores &lt;7 is an independent result of LBW.
Molecular prevalence of HBB-associated hemoglobinopathy among reproductive-age adults and the prenatal diagnosis in Jiangxi Province, southern central China
Authors: Luo Haiyan , Huang Ting , Lu Qing , Zhang Liuyang , Xu Yonghua , Yang Yan , Guo Zhen , Yuan Huizhen , Shen Yinqin , Huang Shuhui , Yang Bicheng , Zou Yongyi , Liu Yanqiu 
Published: September 2022

Background and aims: Hemoglobinopathy associated with the HBB gene, with its two general subtypes as thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin (Hb) variants, is one of the most prevalent hereditary Hb disorders worldwide. Herein we aimed to elucidate the prevalence of ß-thalassemia and abnormal hemoglobin variants and the prenatal diagnosis of the HBB gene in Jiangxi Province, southern central China.Methods: Hematological indices and capillary Hb electrophoresis were conducted for 136,149 subjects who were admitted to Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital and requested for hemoglobinopathy investigation. Routine α- and ß-globin genotyping were performed by gap-polymerase chain reaction (Gap-PCR) and reverse dot-blot (RDB) hybridization for the 11,549 individuals suspected to be thalassemia carriers. For participants whose genotypes could not explain their hematological indices, further Sanger sequencing and Gap-PCR were conducted for the detection of rare or novel variants in related globin genes. Prenatal diagnosis was performed for 77 pregnant couples both carrying ß-thalassemia trait at appropriate gestational ages.Results: Among the 11,549 subjects, 2,548 individuals were identified with HBB-associated hemoglobinopathy based on molecular analysis. A total of 2,358 subjects were identified as ß-thalassemia heterozygous carriers and nine cases were diagnosed as compound heterozygous ß-thalassemia. Additionally, 125 cases were detected with composite α- and ß-thalassemia and the remaining 56 individuals with abnormal Hb variants in the HBB. A total of 35 types of variants were identified in the HBB gene, including 26 types of ß-thalassemia and nine types of abnormal Hb variants. Four novel variants were firstly reported, including one variant in HBA2 and three variants in HBB. Overall, 77 prenatal samples underwent ß-thalassemia molecular diagnosis; 20 fetuses were identified with normal ß-thalassemia genotypes, 30 fetuses as ß-thalassemia heterozygotes, 11 as homozygotes, and 16 as compound heterozygotes in HBB.Conclusion: We have demonstrated a relatively high prevalence rate at 1.872% of ß-hemoglobinopathies including common and rare ß-thalassemia as well as abnormal Hb variants among large child-bearing population in the Jiangxi area of southern central China for the first time. Our data presents that prenatal diagnosis is an effective way to prevent and control birth defects of ß-thalassemia.
Malnutrition leads to increased inflammation and expression of tuberculosis risk signatures in recently exposed household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: VanValkenburg Arthur , Kaipilyawar Vaishnavi , Sarkar Sonali , Lakshminarayanan Subitha , Cintron Chelsie , Prakash Babu Senbagavalli , Knudsen Selby , Joseph Noyal Mariya , Horsburgh C. Robert , Sinha Pranay , Ellner Jerrold J. , Narasimhan Prakash Babu , Johnson W. Evan , Hochberg Natasha S. , Salgame Padmini 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundMost individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and remain at risk for progressing to active tuberculosis disease (TB). Malnutrition is an important risk factor driving progression from LTBI to TB. However, the performance of blood-based TB risk signatures in malnourished individuals with LTBI remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine if malnourished and control individuals had differences in gene expression, immune pathways and TB risk signatures.MethodsWe utilized data from 50 tuberculin skin test positive household contacts of persons with TB - 18 malnourished participants (body mass index [BMI] &lt; 18.5 kg/m2) and 32 controls (individuals with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2). Whole blood RNA-sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was applied to the DEGs to identify top canonical pathways and gene regulators. Gene enrichment methods were then employed to score the performance of published gene signatures associated with progression from LTBI to TB.ResultsMalnourished individuals had increased activation of inflammatory pathways, including pathways involved in neutrophil activation, T-cell activation and proinflammatory IL-1 and IL-6 cytokine signaling. Consistent with known association of inflammatory pathway activation with progression to TB disease, we found significantly increased expression of the RISK4 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.734) and PREDICT29 (AUC = 0.736) progression signatures in malnourished individuals.ConclusionMalnourished individuals display a peripheral immune response profile reflective of increased inflammation and a concomitant increased expression of risk signatures predicting progression to TB. With validation in prospective clinical cohorts, TB risk biomarkers have the potential to identify malnourished LTBI for targeted therapy.
Association between immune-related adverse events and the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in advanced esophageal cancer
Authors: Qin Wenru , Yang Linlin , Fan Bingjie , Zou Bing , Duan Yanan , Li Butuo , Wang Linlin 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRecent developments in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved the treatment outcomes of esophageal cancer (EC); however, it may initiate immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in some patients. The ICIs’ therapeutic efficacy is associated with irAEs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer or renal cell carcinoma, although this association is unknown in EC. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between irAEs and the efficacy of programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors in EC patients.Patients and methodsThis study included patients with advanced EC treated with PD-1 inhibitors. The patients were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of irAEs. Afterward, the efficacy was compared between the irAE-negative and irAE-positive groups, and we analyzed the predictive factors of irAEs and survival.ResultsOverall, 295 patients were included in this study. Baseline characteristics were balanced in the irAE-negative and irAE-positive groups. In total, 143 (48.47%) patients experienced irAEs. The most frequent irAEs were anemia (49, 16.61%), hyperthyroidism (45, 15.25%), and pneumonitis (44, 14.92%). In total, 33 (11.19%) patients had grade ≥ 3 irAEs and pneumonitis have 15 (5.08%). No grade 5 adverse events were observed. A total of 52 (17.63%) and 91 (30.85%) patients had single and multiple irAEs, respectively. Compared with patients without irAEs, those with irAEs had significantly higher objective response rate (ORR) (37.76% vs. 25.00%, p = 0.018) and disease control rate (DCR) (92.31% vs. 83.55%, p = 0.022). Univariate Cox analyses indicated the significant association between irAEs and improved median progression-free survival (PFS) (10.27 vs. 6.2 months, p &lt; 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (15.4 vs. 9.2 months, p &lt; 0.001). In multivariate analyses, irAEs were independently associated with longer PFS (p = 0.011) and OS (p = 0.002). Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that cycles &gt; 8, radiation, as well as antiangiogenic therapy were strongly associated with irAEs development (p &lt; 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.025, respectively).ConclusionIn advanced EC, patients with irAEs showed markedly better efficacy in ORR, DCR, PFS, and OS compared with patients without irAEs.
Preoperative systemic inflammatory response index predicts long-term outcomes in type B aortic dissection after endovascular repair
Authors: Zhao Yufei , Hong Xiang , Xie Xinsheng , Guo Daqiao , Chen Bin , Fu Weiguo , Wang Lixin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesInflammation is a hallmark of the initial development and progression of aortic dissection. This study aimed to investigate the value of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers in predicting aorta-related adverse events (AAEs) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type B aortic dissection.MethodsWe included all patients who underwent TEVAR for type B aortic dissection between November 2016 and November 2020 in this single-center, retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into two groups: the AAEs group (n = 75) and the non-AAEs group (n = 126). Preoperative inflammatory biomarkers were recorded, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI). Patients were followed-up for the development of AAEs. Prediction accuracy of inflammatory biomarkers for AAEs were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsThis study included 201 patients, of whom 80.0% were men, with a mean age of 59.1 ± 12.5 years. A total of 75 patients developed AAEs after TEVAR. The AUCs of NLR, MLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI for AAEs were.746,.782,.534,.625 and.807, respectively. Age and SIRI were independent risk factors for the AAEs after TEVAR (HR 3.264, p &lt;.001; HR 4.281, p &lt;.001, respectively). Survival analysis revealed significantly lower AAE-free status in patients with preoperative SIRI &gt; = 4 (p &lt;.001).ConclusionIncreased preoperative SIRI and age are independent risk factors for AAEs after TEVAR in type B aortic dissection.
Dietary sodium butyrate administration alleviates high soybean meal-induced growth retardation and enteritis of orange-spotted groupers (Epinephelus coioides)
Authors: Ke Liner , Qin Yingmei , Song Tao , Wang Kun , Ye Jidan 
Published: September 2022

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate whether dietary sodium butyrate (SB) administration alleviates growth reduction and enteritis of orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) caused by high soybean meal (SBM) feeding. The control diet (FM diet) was formulated to contain 48% protein and 11% fat. Soybean meal was used to replace 60% FM protein in FM diet to prepare a high SBM diet (HSBM diet). Sodium butyrate (SB) at 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% were added to HSBM diets to prepare three diets. Triplicate groups of 30 groupers (initial weight: 33.0 ± 0.3 g) were fed one of the diets twice daily, to apparent satiety. HSBM diets had lowered growth rate and feed efficiency vs FM diets (P &lt;0.05). Growth rate and feed efficiency were improved by dietary SB administration and were in a dose-dependent manner (P &lt;0.05). A similar pattern to the growth rate was observed for plasma LDL-C and gut digestive activity of lipase, trypsin, and protease, but the opposite trend was observed for intestinal contents of D-lactic acid and endotoxin, in response to dietary SB inclusion levels (P &gt;0.05). The muscular thickness in the middle and distal intestines in SB-treated diets were higher than that in HSBM diets (P &lt;0.05). The mRNA levels of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-1β, IL-12 and TNF-α had a decreasing trend, and the mRNA level of intestinal anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1 had the opposite trend, with increasing SB inclusion levels (P &lt; 0.05). The above results indicate that dietary SB intervention could enhance growth and feed utilization of groupers with SBM-induced enteritis by promoting intestinal digestive enzyme activities, reducing mucosa permeability, maintaining the integrity of intestinal morphology and attenuating the intestinal inflammatory response.
Influence of doubly-hydrogenated oxygen vacancy on the TID effect of MOS devices
Authors: Lu Guangbao , Liu Jun , Zheng Qirong , Li Yonggang 
Published: September 2022

The total ionizing dose (TID) effect is one of the main causes of the performance degradation/failure of semiconductor devices under high-energy γ-ray irradiation. In special, the concentration of doubly-hydrogenated oxygen vacancy (a case study of VoγH2) in the oxide layer seriously exacerbates the TID effect. Therefore, we developed a dynamic model of mobile particles and fixed defects by solving the rate equations and Poisson’s equation simultaneously, to reveal the contribution and influence mechanisms of VoγH2 on the TID effect of MOS devices. We found that VoγH2 can directly and indirectly promote the formation of Voγ+ and VoγH+, respectively, which can increase the electric field near the Si/SiO2 interface and reduce the threshold voltage of silicon MOS devices accordingly. Controlling VoγH2 with a concentration below 1014 cm−3 can suppress the adverse TID effects. The results are much helpful for analyzing the microscopic mechanisms of the TID effect and designing new MOS devices with high radiation-hardening.
Prospects and challenges of the electrochemical reduction of iron oxides in alkaline media for steel production
Authors: Lopes Daniela V. , Quina Margarida J. , Frade Jorge R. , Kovalevsky Andrei V. 
Published: September 2022

Steelmaking industries have been facing strict decarbonization guidelines. With a net zero carbon emissions target, European policies are expected to be accomplished before 2050. Traditional steelmaking industry still operates by the carbothermic reduction of iron ores for steel production. Consequently, the steel sector is responsible for a large amount of CO2emissions, accounting for up to 9% of the CO2worldwide emissions. In this scope, the electrochemical reduction or electrolysis of iron oxides into metallic iron in alkaline media arises as a promising alternative technology for ironmaking. Significant advantages of this technology include the absence of CO2emissions, non-polluting by-products such as hydrogen and oxygen gases, lower temperature against the conventional approach (∼100°Cversus2000°C) and lower electric energy consumption, where around 6 GJ per ton of iron manufactured can be spared. The present minireview discusses the progress on the electrochemical reduction of iron oxides in alkaline media as a green steelmaking route. A historical overview of the global steelmaking against recent developments and challenges of the novel technology is presented, and the fundamental mechanisms of iron oxide reduction to iron and alternative iron feedstocks are discussed. Factors affecting the Faradaic efficiencies of the alkaline electroreduction of iron oxide suspensions or iron oxide bulk ceramics are also explored, focusing on the concurrent hydrogen evolution reaction. Overall, if scrutinized, this technology may become a breaking point for the steel industry sector.