bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Eating Identities With Self-Reported Dietary Behaviors and Body Mass Index
Authors: Sleboda Patrycja , Bruine de Bruin Wändi , Arangua Lisa , Gutsche Tania 
Published: July 2022

Objective:To inform dietary interventions, it is important to understand antecedents of recommended (henceforth: healthy) dietary behaviors, beyond dietary beliefs and self-efficacy. We used the validated “Eating Identity Type Inventory” to assess the extent to which participants identified as healthy eaters, meat eaters, emotional eaters or picky eaters. We examined correlations between participants' race/ethnicity and other socio-demographic characteristics and affinity with these eating identities, how affinity with these eating identities correlated with self-reports of dietary beliefs, self-efficacy, dietary behaviors and Body Mass Index (BMI), and how well affinity with these eating identities predicted self-reported dietary behaviors and BMI, as compared to self-reported dietary beliefs and self-efficacy.MethodsIn an online survey, a diverse sample of 340 Los Angeles County adults reported eating identities, dietary beliefs, and self-efficacy, dietary behaviors and BMI.ResultsPearson correlations revealed that identifying more as a healthy eater was positively associated with self-reports of being non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic mixed race, older, and college-educated, while identifying more as a meat eater was positively associated with self-reports of being non-Hispanic Black, younger, and male (α = 0.05). Pearson correlations also showed that healthy eaters had more accurate dietary beliefs and self-efficacy, and emotional eaters had lower self-efficacy (α = 0.05). In linear regressions, identifying more as a healthy eater was associated with self-reporting healthier dietary behaviors and lower BMI, and identifying more as a meat eater and emotional eater was associated with reporting less healthy dietary behaviors and higher BMI, even after accounting for correlations with socio-demographics, dietary beliefs, and self-efficacy (α = 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of eating identities in understanding dietary behaviors and outcomes, with implications for dietary interventions.
Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 Alleviates the Inflammatory Response in Asthma by Regulating TLR2/TLR4 Expression
Authors: Wang Weifang , Li Yunfeng , Han Guojing , Li Aimin , Kong Xiaomei 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAsthma is a chronic disease, which is harmful to the health of the body and the quality of life. Supplementation of Lactobacillus can affect the immune environment of the lungs through the gut-lung axis. This study aimed to explore the potential regulatory targets of Lactobacillus to relieve inflammation in asthma and determine a new approach for improving asthma.MethodsA mouse ovalbumin (OVA)-induced model was constructed. OVA mice were supplemented with Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 by gavage. The gut microbiota composition of normal and OVA mice was analyzed using 16S ribosomal DNA identification. BALF, serum, lung tissues, and duodenal tissues were collected. Wright’s staining was performed to determine the cell content of the alveolar lavage fluid. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, and periodic acid-Schiff staining were performed to observe the improvement in the lungs of OVA mice supplemented with Lactobacillus. Immunofluorescence was performed to measure the severity of the intestinal barrier leakage. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out to determine the expression levels of inflammatory cell factors, while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were performed to detect the levels of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/TLR4 expression and cell adhesion factors.ResultsCompared with Control mice, OVA mice exhibited malignant conditions, such as intestinal leakage and lung edema. After supplementation with Lactobacillus, the inflammatory cell content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid decreased, and the inflammatory response was alleviated. The level of TLR2/TLR4 expression was reduced. The inflammatory cell infiltration in the airway mucosa of OVA mice was improved, alveolar swelling was reduced and the basement membrane appeared thinner.ConclusionThe Lactobacillus inhibited the TLR2/TLR4 expression in OVA mice. Supplementation with Lactobacillus can alleviate the inflammatory response in OVA mice, inhibit pulmonary fibrosis, and treat asthma.
A Novel Pyroptosis-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis and the Associated Immune Infiltration in Colon Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Han Zheng , Nan Han , Fan Jianing , Zhan Jingfei , Zhang Yu , Zhu He , Cao Yu , Shen Xian , Xue Xiangyang , Lin Kezhi 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPyroptosis has been demonstrated to be an inflammatory form of programmed cell death recently. However, the expression of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and their correlations with prognosis remain unclear.MethodsData of COAD patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate Cox regression analysis and the LASSO Cox regression analysis were applied to construct a gene signature. All COAD patients in TCGA cohort were separated into low-risk subgroup or high-risk subgroup via the risk score. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were adopted to assess its prognostic efficiency. COAD data from the GSE17537 datasets was used for validation. A prognostic nomogram was established to predict individual survival. The correlation between PRGs and immune cell infiltration in COAD was verified based on TIMER database. CIBERSORT analysis was utilized on risk subgroup as defined by model. The protein and mRNA expression level of PRGs were verified by HPA database and qPCR.ResultsA total of 51 differentially expressed PRGs were identified in TCGA cohort. Through univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression analysis, a prognostic model containing 7 PRGs was constructed. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that patients in the low-risk subgroup exhibited better prognosis compared to those in the high-risk subgroup. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) of ROC is 0.60, 0.63, and 0.73 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival in TCGA cohort and 0.63, 0.65, and 0.64 in validation set. TIMER database showed a strong correlation between 7 PRGs and tumor microenvironment in COAD. Moreover, CIBERSORT showed significant differences in the infiltration of plasma cells, M0 macrophages, resting dendritic cells, and eosinophils between low-risk subgroup and high-risk subgroup. HPA database showed that protein expression level of SDHB, GZMA, BTK, EEF2K, and NR1H2 was higher in normal tissues. And the transcriptional level of CASP5, BTK, SDHB, GZMA, and RIPK3 was high in normal tissues.ConclusionsOur study identified a novel PRGs signature that could be used to predict the prognosis of COAD patients, which might provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of COAD patients.
Meaning and Significance of “Alkalization Therapy for Cancer”
Authors: Wada Hiromi , Hamaguchi Reo , Narui Ryoko , Morikawa Hiromasa 
Published: July 2022

Objectives of the StudyOur research aims to answer the following questions. Can cancer progression be stopped by changing the body condition of person with cancer? Can cancer be cured?If cancer progression can be stopped, what is the underlying mechanism?Theoretical Rationale for Alkalization TherapyAlmost 70 years ago, Goldblatt H. &amp; Cameron G. reported on the idea of alkalization therapy. Before that, Otto Warburg had been studying the metabolism of cancer and had discovered the essential nature of cancer. He published a review in Science in 1956 under the title “On the origin of cancer cells”. From his phenomena described above, we established the theoretical rationale for alkalization therapy, based on the question of “How does cancer form and what is its nature”?Limitations of Deductive Methods and Inductive ApproachesIn this paper, we describe a method to reconstruct the limitations and weaknesses of modern cancer medicine as Science-based Medicine using an inductive method, and to present a new vision of cancer therapy. How should we treat cancer? (Case presentation): Using a specific clinical case, we present patients in whom were successfully treated with no or few anticancer drugs.SummaryThe biggest weakness of current cancer treatments is that they only treat the cancer and not the actual patient. The “alkalization therapy” that we advocate does not compete with any of the current standard treatments, but improves the effectiveness of standard treatments, reduces side effects, and lowers medical costs.
Comparison of Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes Between Surgical T4 and T3 in Patients Diagnosed With Pathologic Stage IIA Right Colon Cancer
Authors: Jeon Youngbae , Nam Kug Hyun , Choi Seok Won , Hwang Tae Sik , Baek Jeong-Heum 
Published: July 2022

PurposeT stage plays an important role in the classification of subgroups in stage II colon cancer. Patients with pathologic T4 are at high risk of recurrence and it is recommended to include adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment plan, while this is not necessary in pathologic T3. There is a discrepancy between the surgical T stage (sT), as determined by the surgeon in the operative field, and pathologic T stage (pT). The pathologic stage is considered a standard prognostic factor, but it has not been established whether the surgical stage has an oncologic impact. The aim of this study was to compare oncologic outcomes between sT4 and sT3 in pathologic stage IIA right colon cancer.MethodsBetween January 2005 and December 2018, there were 354 patients who underwent right hemicolectomy performed by a single surgeon (JHB) at a tertiary hospital. The data from these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Only those patients with pathologic stage IIA (pT3N0M0) right colon adenocarcinomas were included in this study. Patients with mucinous carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or hereditary colon cancer, and who had emergent surgery were excluded. Finally, 86 patients were included in this study. The patients were categorized, according to their surgical records, into either the sT4 group (n=28) or the sT3 group (n=58).ResultsThere were no statistical differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, cancer location, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, number of harvested lymph nodes, and adjuvant chemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly different between the sT4 and sT3 groups (92.6% vs. 97.7%, p=0.024). In addition, the 5-year disease-free survival rate was significantly different between the sT4 and sT3 groups (88.6% vs. 97.7%, p=0.017). In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, a classification of sT4 was a significant independent predictive factor for recurrence (p = 0.023).ConclusionsLong-term oncologic outcomes have shown significant differences between surgical T4 and T3 in pathologic stage IIA right colon cancer patients. Further large-scale, multicenter studies are required to verify the clinical impact of the surgical staging.
Clinical Analysis of 17 Cases of Borderline Ovarian Tumors During Pregnancy
Authors: Wang Mingdan , Li Yue , Xu Tongtong , Shi Chen , Jiang Lili , Liu Kuiran 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThe study retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of 17 cases of pregnancy complicated by borderline ovarian tumors to provide help for clinical workers.Materials and MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 17 patients with ovarian borderline tumors during pregnancy at the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2015 to June 2021 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The average age of the patients was 31.82 years (25–45 years), the average number of pregnancies was 2.06 times (1–6 times), and the average number of births was 0.41 times (0–1 time).ResultsAmong the 17 patients, 4 were diagnosed in the first trimester, 2 in the second trimester, and 11 in the third trimester. Most of the first symptoms were cysts, cyst enlargement, or cyst rupture. Among them, 3 cases (1 in the first trimester and 2 in the second trimester) continued pregnancy after a conservative operation, 9 cases underwent cesarean section and a conservative operation simultaneously, and the mother and child had a good outcome. Two cases underwent conservative operations and induced abortion, and 1 case underwent an ectopic pregnancy operation at the same time. The prognosis of the patients was good without recurrence.ConclusionPreoperative diagnosis of borderline ovarian tumors in pregnancy is delayed, and imaging and tumor markers are not specific. The coincidence rate between intraoperative frozen pathology and postoperative paraffin pathology was not high. Borderline tumors are mainly treated by surgery, and the prognosis for mothers and infants is good.
Mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs in biological phenotypes and ferroptosis of glioma
Authors: Yin Xianyong , Gao Jiajia , Liu Zihao , Han Min , Ji Xiaoshuai , Wang Zhihai , Li Yuming , He Dong , Zhang Fenglin , Liu Qian , Xin Tao 
Published: July 2022

Glioma, one of the most common malignant tumors in the nervous system, is characterized by limited treatment, high mortality and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in the onset and progression of glioma by acting on various classical signaling pathways of tumors through signaling, trapping, guiding, scaffolding and other functions. LncRNAs contribute to the malignant progression of glioma via proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, chemotherapy resistance, ferroptosis and other biological traits. In this paper, relevant lncRNA signaling pathways involved in glioma progression were systematically evaluated, with emphasis placed on the specific molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in the process of ferroptosis, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of lncRNAs in the anticancer treatment of glioma.
Brachytherapy Drainage Catheter and Chemotherapy for Unresectable Pancreatic Carcinoma Combined with Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Jiao Dechao , Xu Kaihao , Mukhiya Gauri , Liu Yiming , Wu Kunpeng , Li Zongming , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMost patients with advanced pancreatic cancer do not have the chance to undergo surgery or chemotherapy because of their poor conditions. Biliary drainage is a palliative treatment to restore liver function and alleviate jaundice, but most patients still face the risk of biliary obstruction in the short term after operation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of brachytherapy drainage catheter (BDC)-combined chemotherapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer complicated with obstructive jaundice.Patients and MethodsFrom November 2017 and May 2019, 48 patients underwent the BDC or conventional drainage catheter (CDC) intervention with chemotherapy. The outcomes/endpoints analyzed were technical and clinical success, early complications, stent patency period, and survival.ResultsThe technical and clinical success rates in both groups were 100%, and the early complication rates were not significantly different (P = 0.43). The median stent patency in the BDC group was significantly longer than that in the CDC group (7.8 ± 1.5 vs. 5.7 ± 0.7 months, P = 0.001), and the median overall survival period in the BDC group was prone to significant difference than that in the CDC group (9.4 ± 4.0 vs. 8.2 ± 0.3 months, P = 0.089).ConclusionThe findings of this study show that BDC with chemotherapy was associated with better stent patency and survival. However, since the sample size was very small, large randomized controlled multicenter studies are needed to further evaluate the long-term survival effects of BDC in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma combined with obstructive jaundice.
A Prediction Model Intended for Exploratory Laparoscopy Risk Stratification in Colorectal Cancer Patients With Potential Occult Peritoneal Metastasis
Authors: Zhang Yuanxin , Qin Xiusen , Li Yang , Zhang Xi , Luo Rui , Wu Zhijie , Li Victoria , Han Shuai , Wang Hui , Wang Huaiming 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe early diagnosis of occult peritoneal metastasis (PM) remains a challenge due to the low sensitivity on computed tomography (CT) images. Exploratory laparoscopy is the gold standard to confirm PM but should only be proposed in selected patients due to its invasiveness, high cost, and port-site metastasis risk. In this study, we aimed to develop an individualized prediction model to identify occult PM status and determine optimal candidates for exploratory laparoscopy.MethodA total of 622 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients from 2 centers were divided into training and external validation cohorts. All patients’ PM status was first detected as negative on CT imaging but later confirmed by exploratory laparoscopy. Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent predictors, which were used to build a prediction model for identifying occult PM in CRC. The concordance index (C-index), calibration plot and decision curve analysis were used to evaluate its predictive accuracy and clinical utility.ResultsThe C-indices of the model in the development and validation groups were 0.850 (95% CI 0.815-0.885) and 0.794 (95% CI, 0.690-0.899), respectively. The calibration curve showed consistency between the observed and predicted probabilities. The decision curve analysis indicated that the prediction model has a great clinical value between thresholds of 0.10 and 0.72. At a risk threshold of 30%, a total of 40% of exploratory laparoscopies could have been prevented, while still identifying 76.7% of clinically occult PM cases. A dynamic online platform was also developed to facilitate the usage of the proposed model.ConclusionsOur individualized risk model could reduce the number of unnecessary exploratory laparoscopies while maintaining a high rate of diagnosis of clinically occult PM. These results warrant further validation in prospective studies.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.isrctn.com, identifier ISRCTN76852032
Glaucocalyxin A Inhibits the Malignant Progression of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Affecting the MicroRNA-374b-5p/HMGB3/Wnt-β-Catenin Pathway Axis
Authors: Chen Feng , Sun Fang , Liu Xia , Shao Jing , Zhang Bei 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveGlaucocalyxin A (GLA) is an ent-kaurene diterpenoid from Rabdosia japonica var possessing anti-tumor activity. This study aimed to investigate effects of GLA on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and elucidate underlying mechanisms.MethodsThe expression of HMGB3 in EOC tissues was analyzed by GEPIA and immunohistochemistry. Cell proliferation was determined using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell invasion, migration, and apoptosis were detected using Transwell, wound healing, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Interactions between HMGB3 and miRNAs were predicted using ENCORI and validated using a dual-luciferase assay. mRNA expression levels of HMGB3 and miRNAs were measured using qPCR. Protein expression levels of HMGB3, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Wnt3a,β-catenin, Bcl-2, and Bax were measured by western blotting. A tumor xenograft model was established to validate the efficacy and mechanism of GLA in vivo.ResultsHMGB3 was upregulated in EOC tissues and cells. GLA dose-dependently inhibited EOC cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). HMGB3 overexpression promoted proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT, and suppressed the apoptosis of EOC cells. In addition, miR-374b-5p was targeted by HMGB3, and its overexpression hindered malignant characteristics of EOC cells. HMGB3 overexpression weakened antitumor effects of GLA and miR-374b-5p in EOC cells. Moreover, the Wnt-β-catenin pathway was inhibited by the GLA-mediated miR-374b-5p/HMGB3 axis. In vivo experiments showed that GLA inhibited EOC tumor growth, meanwhile, upregulated the miR-374b-5p level and downregulated the expression of HMGB3, Wnt3a, and β-catenin in tumor tissues.ConclusionsGLA suppressed the malignant progression of EOC by regulating the miR-374b-5p/HMGB3/Wnt-β-catenin pathway axis.
Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine on Conditioned Fear Extinction and Retention in a Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Vizeli Patrick , Straumann Isabelle , Duthaler Urs , Varghese Nimmy , Eckert Anne , Paulus Martin P. , Risbrough Victoria , Liechti Matthias E. 
Published: July 2022

Background: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has shown initial promise as an adjunct in psychotherapy to treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Its efficacy and safety have been demonstrated across phase I–III studies. However, the mechanism underlying the potential utility of MDMA to treat PTSD in humans has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Preliminary evidence suggests that MDMA may facilitate fear extinction recall, which may be through the release of oxytocin. To test this hypothesis, we examined the efficacy of acute MDMA treatment to enhance fear extinction learning and recall.Methods: We used a two-period, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover design in 30 healthy male subjects who received a placebo and a single dose of MDMA (125 mg). Fear extinction was tested using two separate Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigms, one using skin conductance response (SCR), and the other fear-potentiated startle (FPS) to conditioned cues. MDMA treatment occurred after fear conditioning and 2 h before extinction learning. Extinction recall was tested 23 h after MDMA intake. Additional outcome measures included subjective effects, emotion recognition tasks, plasma levels of oxytocin, and pharmacokinetics.Results: Fear conditioning and extinction learning were successful in both fear extinction paradigms (generalized eta–squared [ges] for SCR: 0.08; FPS: 0.07). Compared to placebo treatment, MDMA treatment significantly reduced SCRs to the reinforced conditioned stimulus (CS+) during extinction learning (ges = 0.03) and recall (ges = 0.06). Intensity of the subjective effects of MDMA (good effect, trust, and openness) during extinction learning negatively correlated with the discrimination between CS+ and the safety stimulus (CS−) during recall. MDMA did not influence FPS to conditioned cues. Oxytocin concentration was increased fourfold on average by MDMA during acute effects but was not associated with fear extinction outcomes.Conclusions: MDMA treatment facilitated rapid fear extinction and retention of extinction as measured by SCR to fear cues, in line with animal studies of MDMA facilitation of extinction. However, this effect may be limited to certain forms of learned fear responses, as it was not observed in the extinction model using startle reactivity as the outcome. This study provides further evidence for the facilitation of extinction with MDMA treatment and suggests this may be a component of its efficacy when paired with psychotherapy.Clinical Trial registration:clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03527316