bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Content Analysis of Farm Information and Infographics in Pasumai vikatan Tamil Magazine, India
Authors: Krithika S. , Karthikeyan C. , Devi M. Nirmala 
Published: May 2022

Content analysis is an effective research tool to study the extent of information covered in farm magazines, which act as a comprehensive guide for farmers. The aim of the study is to analyze the coverage, readability ease, mode of presentation, and type and level of infographics published in the Tamil bimonthly magazine Pasumai Vikatan. The magazine was purposefully selected based on regional preferences and popularity. A total of 619 articles covered across 64 editions from 2019 to 2021 were considered for the sample study to analyze the basic objective of the extent of farm information, readability ease and also the infographics covered. Inferential statistics were used to analyze percentage and frequency. The research revealed that 64.63 percent of the articles covered in the magazine were based on economics of returns in the past three years followed by articles related to organic farming (35.83 percent) and crop production aspects (35.13 percent). Further, the Flesch Kincaid reading ease was analyzed and the results indicated that the ease of articles ranged between very easy and standard and could be understood easily even by young readers. With respect to format, the articles were presented predominantly in series format (70.24 percent) followed by current news items pertaining to the agricultural sector (66.31 percent). The study also identified that the usage of infographics was sparse without much textual information. The authors recommend the usage of modern e-data tools for newsgathering during the pandemic period and also suggest deeper coverage of other recent areas in agriculture and allied sectors.
Effect of Spacing and Mulch on Post Harvest Disease Incidence and Sensory Evaluation in Strawberry
Authors: Datta Himadri S. , Barua P. C. , Kotoky U. , Das R. , Saikia H. , Nath H. K. Deva 
Published: May 2022

Aims: To study the response of plant spacing and mulch material on post harvest disease incidence and sensory evaluation in Strawberry.
Study Design: The investigation was laid in a factorial randomized block design.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Farmer’s field in Dhankhuloi village of Jorhat district,Assam and Department of Horticulture,Assam Agricultural University,Jorhat,India, during November-April of two consecutive years 2019-20 and 2020-21.
Methodology: We included twenty treatments which were the combination of five spacings viz. 20 cm x 30 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, 30 cm x 40 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm and 40 cm x 60 cm with four mulch materials i.e. paddy straw,red mulch,silver black mulch and no mulch. Evaluation of percent post harvest disease incidence and organoleptic qualities was conducted.
Results: Out of 20 treatments, the treatment combination of widest spacing 40 cm x 60 cm along with silver black mulch showed least percent postharvest disease incidence (18.90%) while maximum incidence (42.82%) was obtained in no mulch applied plots with 20 cm x 30 cm spacing. Sensory evaluation showed treatment combination of 40 cm x 40 cm spacing with silver black mulch exhibited better organoleptic qualities.
Conclusion: Positive effects of wider spacing and silver black mulch material might have contributed to least post harvest disease incidence in strawberry. Fruits of strawberry mulched with silver black plastic and wider spacing owing to favourable microclimate may have contributed to a sweeter taste and, consequently, better consumer acceptance.
A Cross Sectional Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated with Family Planning in the Context of COVID-19 among Women of Reproductive Age in a Rural Town Council in Eastern Uganda
Authors: David Okia , Isaac Omulepu , Brian Butagali , Patience Kobusingye , Winnie Adongot , Florence Abonyo , Grace Adong 
Published: May 2022

Aim: This study aimed to assess the Family Planning Prevalence and Factors associated with Family Planning in face of COVID-19, among women of reproductive age in rural town council in Amuria district, Eastern Uganda. Little evidence exists of the factors associated with family planning use in face of COVID-19 in resource limited settings in Eastern Uganda. Our findings will close this apparent research gap and inform national and district Family planning guidelines and policies.
Materials and Methods: We used a quantitative research approach and cross sectional design to determine prevalence and factors associated with family planning use, among women of reproductive age in the face of Covid-19 in Amuria Town council in Uganda. The respondents for the study were chosen using purposive sampling technique. We used questionnaires to collect data from study participants. Quantitative data was compiled and fed into the computer using Microsoft Excel and then exported to Stata 15.
Results: The Prevalence was at 17.1% lower than the national target of 50%. 58.4% of our women were not using family planning because of the anticipated side effects. 50% those using family planning completed ordinary level education. The married women were 0.2 times less likely to use family planning. Single ladies were 4.6 times more likely to use family planning as compared to widowed, divorced and married.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Family planning in Amuria Town Council was 17.1% much lower than the National Target. Being married and low level of education was associated with low uptake of Family planning in context of COVID-19. Family planning programs should put more focus on the married women and involve their husbands in implementation of their programs.
Recombinant Human Collagen Hydrogel Rapidly Reduces Methylglyoxal Adducts within Cardiomyocytes and Improves Borderzone Contractility after Myocardial Infarction in Mice
Authors: McLaughlin Sarah , Sedlakova Veronika , Zhang Qingzhou , McNeill Brian , Smyth David , Seymour Richard , Davis Darryl R. , Ruel Marc , Brand Marjorie , Alarcon Emilio I. , Suuronen Erik J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMethylglyoxal (MG) production after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to advanced glycation end‐product formation, adverse remodeling, and loss of cardiac function. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a main target for MG glycation. This suggests that ECM‐mimicking biomaterial therapies may protect the post‐MI environment by removing MG. In this study, mechanisms by which a recombinant human collagen type I hydrogel therapy confers cardioprotection are investigated. One‐week post‐MI, mice receive intramyocardial injection of hydrogel or PBS. The hydrogel improves border zone contractility after 2 days, which is maintained for 28 days. RNA sequencing shows that hydrogel treatment decreases the expression of erythroid differentiation regulator 1, a factor associated with apoptosis. Hydrogel treatment reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress at 2 days with greater myocardial salvage seen at 28 days. The hydrogel located at the epicardial surface is modified by MG, and less MG‐modified proteins are observed in the underlying myocardium of hydrogel‐treated mice. Biomaterials that can be a target for MG glycation may act as a sponge to remove MG from the myocardium post‐MI. This leads to less oxidative stress, greater survival and contractility of cardiomyocytes, which altogether suggests a novel mechanism by which biomaterials improve function of the infarcted heart.
Tensile‐Strained Palladium Nanosheets for Synthetic Catalytic Therapy and Phototherapy
Authors: Li Shanshan , Xu Bolong , Lu Mingzhu , Sun Mengxue , Yang Haokun , Liu Shuang , Huang Zhijun , Liu Huiyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPalladium nanosheets (Pd NSs) are well‐investigated photothermal therapy agents, but their catalytic potential for tumor therapy has been underexplored owing to the inactive dominant (111) facets. Herein, lattice tensile strain is introduced by surface reconstruction to activate the inert surface, endowing the strained Pd NSs (SPd NSs) with photodynamic, catalase‐like, and peroxidase‐like properties. Tensile strain promoting the photodynamic and enzyme‐like activities is revealed by density functional theory calculations. Compared with Pd NSs, SPd NSs exhibit lower photothermal effect, but approximately five times higher tumor inhibition rate. This work calls for further study to activate nanomaterials by strain engineering and surface reconstruction for catalytic therapy of tumors.
Liquid Crystal Elastomer Based Thermal Microactuators and Photothermal Microgrippers Using Lateral Bending Beams
Authors: Potekhina Alissa , Wang Changhai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe remarkable properties of liquid crystal elastomers (LCE) for spatially controlled actuation are utilized to perform complex tasks such as to mimic versatile motion of living organisms and cilia in soft robotics. As opposed to the common out‐of‐plane bending in flat LCE films, many planar micro‐electro‐mechanical and microfluidic systems typically operate based on the lateral movement of the functional parts. The challenge of implementing the in‐plane bending of LCE actuators is often associated with the limited capability for miniaturization of the existing techniques, along with the requirement for post‐fabrication assembly. In this paper a method for fabrication of thermally actuated LCE beams for in‐plane bending applications, which is based on direct laser writing and micromolding is reported. Mesogenic alignment is modified near the sidewalls of the channel structures patterned with vertical microgrooves. The method allows monolithic fabrication of LCE‐based microgrippers for micromanipulation and microassembly applications in life sciences and in manufacture of microsystems. It is shown that the photothermally driven microgrippers can perform soft grasping of micro‐objects, providing large gripping strokes with relatively low actuation stimuli. The fabrication method offers more design opportunities for LCE‐based microactuators and a useful route toward realization of gripping and cargo transportation functionality in microrobotics.
Exploration of Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence and New Mechanism on Carbon Dots in a Polyacrylamide Platform and their Applications for Anti‐Counterfeiting and Information Encryption
Authors: Wang Hui‐yong , Zhou Lu , Yu Hong‐mei , Tang Xiao‐dan , Xing Christina , Nie Guochao , Akafzade Hussein , Wang Shao‐yan , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis is the first report of full‐color afterglow composites composed of four multicolored (blue, green, orange, and red) carbon dots (CDs) in polyacrylamide (PAM) matrix. Thus, adjustable four‐color room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) CDs@PAM composites are prepared on a PAM platform. The abundant amide groups in PAM are connected to the functional groups in CDs by hydrogen bonds, which promote the intersystem crossover and inhibit the non‐radiative relaxation of triple states (T1) in CDs@PAM and effectively shield the quenching agents such as oxygen. Furthermore, the rigid hydrogen bond mesh structure is beneficial to the stability of T1 in CDs@PAM. In addition, the results of electron spin resonance reveal that the afterglow of CDs@PAM composites is not caused by oxygen defects and the increase of oxygen defects hinders the emission of phosphorescence. The CDs@PAM composites display not only multi‐color fluorescence from blue to red, but also display full‐color RTP emission from blue to red with average phosphorescence lifetime in the range of 637–478.97 ms. These composites, in addition to the full‐color RTP performance, are promising for multi‐color pattern anti‐counterfeiting and information encryption.
Accounting for climatic effects in measuring U.S. field crop farm productivity
Authors: Wang Sun Ling , Rada Nicholas , Williams Ryan , Newton Doris 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe European Commission plans to reduce pesticides and fertilizer use in agriculture substantially under its Green Deal's Farm to Fork strategy. Policy alternatives are needed to overcome these input reductions, for instance by allocating R&D towards commodities most affected by climage change and improving the precision of input use. Since climate change is likely to impact agriculture negatively, productivity measures that account for all inputs and climate change impacts can help to weigh such policy responses. We adopt U.S. farm‐level data and a multi‐output and multi‐input production technology to estimate relative farm productivity performances with climatic effects. Exploiting long‐term weather patterns, we find comparative advantages among some crop farms and ample productivity improvement potential across all of them.
Improving temperature‐based predictions of the timing of flowering in cotton
Authors: Bange Michael , Nunn Christopher , Mahan James , Payton Paxton , Milroy Stephen , Finger Nicolas , Caton Jane , Dodge William , Quinn James 
Published: May 2022

AbstractKey management recommendations for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) management require estimates of the timing of crop phenology. Most commonly growing day degree (DD) (thermal time) approaches are used. Currently, across many cotton production regions, there is no consistent approach to predicting first square and flower timing. Day degree approaches vary considerably, with base thresholds different (12.0–15.6 °C) with no consistency using an optimum temperature threshold (i.e., temperature where development ceases to increase). As cotton is grown in variable and changing climates, and cultivars change, there is a need to ensure the accuracy of this approach for predicting timing of flowering for assisting cotton management. In this study new functions to predict first square and first flower were developed and validated using data collected in multiple seasons and regions (Australia and the United States). Earlier controlled environment studies that monitored crop development were used to assess in more detail how temperatures were affecting early cotton development. New DD functions developed predicted first square and first flower better than the existing Australian and U.S. approaches. The best performing functions had base temperatures like those of existing U.S. functions (15.6 °C) and an optimum threshold temperature of 32.0 °C. New universal DD targets for first square (343 DD [°C]) and first flower (584 DD) were developed. Controlled environment studies supported this base temperature outcome; however, it was less clear that 32.0 °C was the optimum threshold temperature from these data. Precise predictions of cotton development will facilitate accurate growth stage assessments and hence better cotton management decisions.
Comparison of handgrip strength values in young children when using two different types of dynamometers
Authors: Abe Akemi , Yamasaki Sakiya , Tahara Ryoji , Loenneke Jeremy P. , Abe Takashi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveA Smedley hand dynamometer is one of the standard devices for measuring handgrip strength (HGS) for children and adults. The aim was to compare the HGS values using two different types of dynamometers (Grip‐A or Grip‐D) in young children. To enable comparison between the two devices, we have redesigned the Grip‐D (i.e., modified Grip‐D).MethodsTwenty‐five preschool children (10 girls and 15 boys) performed maximal voluntary HGS in the right hand using two different types of dynamometers. We ran a paired sample t‐test on the difference in HGS between the two devices.ResultsThe measured values of HGS were 9.95 kg for Grip‐A and 8.56 kg for modified Grip‐D, and the difference between the two devices [1.39 (SD 0.65) kg] was greater than we expected (95% limits of agreement: 0.11, 2.6 kg). Thus, we then calibrated both dynamometers ourselves using known weights. The measured values were corrected if there was an error between the known weight and each dynamometer. Following adjustment, there was still a statistical difference (p < 0.001) in HGS between Grip‐A [10.65 (SD 1.52) kg] and modified Grip‐D [9.98 (SD 1.85) kg]. However, the difference between the two devices was 0.67 (SD 0.69) kg with the 95% limits of agreement between −0.68 and 2.0 kg.ConclusionIt is concluded that the HGS values of children measured with the company‐calibrated new Grip‐A and modified Grip‐D could provide reasonably close estimates.
Further evidence supporting the role of DUT gene in diabetes with bone marrow failure syndrome
Authors: Ghawil Millad , Abdulrahman Fathia , Hadeed Ibtisam , Doggah Milad , Zarroug Salem , Habeb Abdelhadi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn 2017, a homozygous DUT mutation was reported to cause a syndrome of diabetes and bone marrow failure. However, no further patient with this combination has been reported and the phenotype of heterozygous DUT mutation is unknown. We describe the genotype, phenotype, and post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) data of two unrelated families with this rare syndrome. Whole‐exome and/or direct sequencing of the DUT gene were performed in all family members. Each family has two children presented within the first 10 years of life with thrombocytopenia, macrocytosis, with or without anemia, followed by non‐autoimmune diabetes. The same homozygous missense DUT mutation, reported in 2017 (c.425A>G p.(Tyr142Cys), was detected in all affected children. The heterozygous carriers have no BM failure, one developed type 2 diabetes, and the rest have normal fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, and c‐peptide. Multiple nevi were detected in homozygous and heterozygous mutation carriers. Allogenic BMT normalized BM aplasia without impact on diabetes. Post BMT follow‐up revealed normal puberty and school performance; but three have height <2.5 SDS. We add two families with this syndrome supporting a role of DUT in bone marrow and β‐cell function. The heterozygous carriers of this DUT mutation appear to be healthy.
Synthesis of Naphthalene Natural Products Dehydrocacalohastine and Musizin
Authors: Mao Yujian , Xia Zhen , Hu Lihong , Zhang Yinan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNatural methylated naphthalene compounds, possessing diverse biological activities, remain to be studied because of low content in plants and lacking synthetic methods. Herein, we have disclosed new approaches to methylated naphthalene natural products represented by dehydrocacalohastine and musizin from simple and commercially available naphthalene molecules with the assistance of our reported regioselective C−H methylation. The dehydrocacalohastine has been firstly synthesized from 1‐bromonaphthalen‐2‐ol in overall 8.9% yield with 8 steps. Additionally, the solution to musizin saved 2 steps with comparative yields to previous reported route.
Effect of chemical desulfurization on coal properties and sulfur structure based on microwave technology
Authors: Zhou Bingyi , Ge Tao , Luo Xiaoman , Wang Zhaohui , Qiao Yueyue , Cai Chuanchuan , Xu Jingyao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnder the two frequency microwave conditions of 915 and 2450 MHz, orthogonal tests were designed to investigate the effects of organic acid reagent, microwave irradiation time, and mixing time of additives and coal samples on the desulfurization effect of coal. Results show that the effect of irradiation time on the experimental desulfurization efficiency under frequency microwave conditions is large and is the main factor. The desulfurization effect under 915 MHz microwave condition is better than 2450 MHz microwave condition. Two sets of experimental optimal coal samples were used for characterization and analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the combustion temperature range of the coal samples is shortened and the integrated combustion index is considerably higher after the microwave irradiation experiment. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the overall chemical structure of the coal samples does not change significantly after the experimental treatment. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that the intensity of organic sulfur in coal samples is weakened after microwave irradiation, the characteristic peaks of thiols and thioethers are reduced to a great extent, and an increase in the intensity of sulfoxide organic sulfur is observed. On the basis of the results of experimental analysis and quantum chemical simulation calculations, the mechanism of organosulfur structure removal under the action of microwave is revealed.
Research on the rectangular clinching process for metal and polyoxymethylene sheets
Authors: Ouyang Yawen , Chen Chao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolyoxymethylene (POM), as an energy‐saving material, is widely applied in the manufacturing field. Yet, research on the rectangular clinching process between metal and POM sheets is still lacking. In this paper, the rectangular clinching process for POM and Al5052‐H32 plates was investigated. The feasibility of the metal–polymer hybrid component had been analyzed in terms of diverse forming forces and diverse joint layout angles, respectively. The mechanical characteristics were appraised by the lap‐shear test. The failure modes of rectangular clinched joints produced under diverse forming conditions had also been analyzed. The results showed that the optimal forming force of rectangular clinched joints was 14 kN, in which the lap‐shear strength was 1090 N. Furthermore, the rectangular clinched joints produced under the joint layout angle of 90° could withstand the maximum lap‐shear load (1415 N) under the optimal forming force. The failure mode was the separation of two plates and the fracture of the bridge structures.
The preparation of cellulose nanocrystal/1,3‐butylene glycol composite structural color films and humidity‐responsive
Authors: Wang Tianhui , Meng Xiangnan , Lu Shuyu , Ma Tao , Hu Xinna , Song Yi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) can self‐assemble in an aqueous solution to form a chiral nematic liquid crystal structure, which is maintained in the subsequent solid iridescent film and presents a unique structural color. In this study, in order to explore the effect of ultrasound on the optical properties of CNC, CNC films with a chiral nematic helix structure and different structural colors were prepared by ultrasonic‐assisted dispersion and natural static evaporation. Results showed that prolonging the ultrasonic duration significantly increased layer pitches and red‐shifted the color of CNC films, likely due to increased steric hindrance and a larger electric double layer. On this basis, CNC/1,3‐butylene glycol (BG) composite films were prepared with uniform and structural color. Results showed that BG was incorporated into CNCs most likely through hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the presence of BG increased the layer pitches and red‐shifted the structural color of CNC/BG composite films, which indicates that structural color of the film has a good stability response to humidity. On the whole, our work provides a new point of view in understanding the role of ultrasound and small‐molecule additives in the preparation of CNC‐based films.