bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the information immunology journals transmitted for COVID-19: A bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Zhao Jiefeng , Zhu Jinfeng , Huang Chao , Zhu Xiaojian , Zhu Zhengming , Wu Qinrong , Yuan Rongfa 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSince the global epidemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a large number of immunological studies related to COVID-19 have been published in various immunology journals. However, the results from these studies were discrete, and no study summarized the important immunological information about COVID-19 released by these immunology journals. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the knowledge structure and research hotspots of COVID-19 published in major immunology journals through bibliometrics.MethodsPublications on COVID-19 in major immunology journals were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and R-bibliometrix were comprehensively used for bibliometric and visual analysis.Results1,331 and 5,000 publications of 10 journals with high impact factors and 10 journals with the most papers were included, respectively. The USA, China, England, and Italy made the most significant contributions to these papers. University College London, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Harvard Medical School, University California San Diego, and University of Pennsylvania played a central role in international cooperation in the immunology research field of COVID-19. Yuen Kwok Yung was the most important author in terms of the number of publications and citations, and the H-index. CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES and FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY were the most essential immunology journals. These immunology journals mostly focused on the following topics: “Delta/Omicron variants”, “cytokine storm”, “neutralization/neutralizing antibody”, “T cell”, “BNT162b2”, “mRNA vaccine”, “vaccine effectiveness/safety”, and “long COVID”.ConclusionThis study systematically uncovered a holistic picture of the current research on COVID-19 published in major immunology journals from the perspective of bibliometrics, which will provide a reference for future research in this field.
Diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy for onychomycosis: A systematic review
Authors: Lim Sophie Soyeon , Hui Laura , Ohn Jungyoon , Cho Youngjoo , Oh Choon Chiat , Mun Je-Ho 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDermoscopy is a non-invasive adjuvant diagnostic tool that allows clinicians to visualize microscopic features of cutaneous disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that dermoscopy can be used to diagnose onychomycosis. We performed this systematic review to identify the characteristic dermoscopic features of onychomycosis and understand their diagnostic utility.MethodsWe searched the Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from conception until May 2021. Studies on the dermoscopic features of onychomycosis were screened. The exclusion criteria were as follows: fewer than 5 cases of onychomycosis, review articles, and studies including onychomycosis cases that were not mycologically verified. Studies on fungal melanonychia were analyzed separately. We adhered to the MOOSE guidelines. Independent data extraction was performed. Data were pooled using a random effects model to account for study heterogeneity. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the dermoscopic features of onychomycosis. This was determined by pooling the sensitivity and specificity values of the dermoscopic features identified during the systematic review using the DerSimonian-Laird method. Meta-DiSc version 1.4 and Review Manager 5.4.1 were used to calculate these values.ResultsWe analyzed 19 articles on 1693 cases of onychomycosis and 5 articles on 148 cases of fungal melanonychia. Commonly reported dermoscopic features of onychomycosis were spikes or spiked pattern (509, 30.1%), jagged or spiked edges or jagged edge with spikes (188, 11.1%), jagged proximal edge (175, 10.3%), subungual hyperkeratosis (131, 7.7%), ruins appearance, aspect or pattern (573, 33.8%), and longitudinal striae (929, 54.9%). Commonly reported features of fungal melanonychia included multicolor (101, 68.2%), non-longitudinal homogenous pigmentation (75, 50.7%) and longitudinal white or yellow streaks (52, 31.5%).ConclusionThis study highlights the commonly identified dermoscopic features of onychomycosis. Recognizing such characteristic dermoscopic features of onychomycosis can assist clinicians diagnose onychomycosis by the bedside.
The large plasmid carried class 1 integrons mediated multidrug resistance of foodborne Salmonella Indiana
Authors: Wang Xuefeng , Wang Tian , Guo Mengjiao , Zhang Chengcheng , Bo Zongyi , Wu Yantao , Chao Guoxiang 
Published: October 2022

Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana (S. Indiana) has aroused widespread concern as an important zoonotic pathogen. The molecular mechanism of multidrug resistance (MDR) in S. Indiana is not known and should be assessed. We aim to investigate the molecular mechanism of MDR and the importance of large plasmids carried class 1 integrons in the MDR of foodborne S. Indiana. Class 1 integrons in 48 S. Indiana isolates and 200 isolates of 7 other Salmonella serotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To analyze the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) of two S. Indiana isolates, designated S. Indiana 15 and S. Indiana 222, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed, and the resulting sequences were compared with the complete nucleotide sequences of S. Indiana D90 and S. Indiana C629. Comparative functional analysis was conducted between the intI1 (1,014 bp) of S. Indiana 222 and the intI1 (699 bp) of S. Indiana 15. Plasmid conjugation transfer analysis was performed to analyze the horizontal gene transfer of the integrons-related resistance genes with integron-positive and integron-negative Salmonella isolates. 64.58% of S. Indiana isolates carried class 1 integrons, which was significantly higher than that of other Salmonella serotypes (p &lt; 0.001). The NGS results showed that the S. Indiana 15 and S. Indiana 222 isolates carried a large plasmid with a class 1 integron and multiple ARGs, similar to S. Indiana D90 and S. Indiana C629. Two integrases found in S. Indiana isolates belong to class 1 integrases and could integrate resistance genes into specific integration sites of the integrons. The conjugation frequency of intI1 (1,014 bp) was 6.08 × 10−5, which was significantly higher than that of intI1 (699 bp) (p &lt; 0.01). The large plasmids carrying a class 1 integron and the number of ARGs were strongly correlated (p &lt; 0.001). The conjugation frequency of integron-positive S. Indiana recipient isolates was significantly higher than that of integron-negative recipient isolates (p &lt; 0.05). S. Indiana containing large plasmids carrying a class 1 integron more easily captured resistance genes from other bacteria (S. Enteritidis and S. Derby), which could be an important cause of the emerging pandemic of MDR clones.Graphical abstractS. Indiana containing large plasmids carrying a class 1 integron more easily captured resistance genes from other bacteria (S. Enteritidis and S. Derby), which could be an important cause of the emerging pandemic of MDR clones.
Polygenic hazard score modified the relationship between hippocampal subfield atrophy and episodic memory in older adults
Authors: Xu Jingjing , Guan Xiaojun , Wen Jiaqi , Zhang Minming , Xu Xiaojun ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding genetic influences on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may improve early identification. Polygenic hazard score (PHS) is associated with the age of AD onset and cognitive decline. It interacts with other risk factors, but the nature of such combined effects remains poorly understood.Materials and methodsWe examined the effect of genetic risk and hippocampal atrophy pattern on episodic memory in a sample of older adults ranging from cognitively normal to those diagnosed with AD using structural MRI. Participants included 51 memory unimpaired normal control (NC), 69 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 43 AD adults enrolled in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Hierarchical linear regression analyses examined the main and interaction effects of hippocampal subfield volumes and PHS, indicating genetic risk for AD, on a validated episodic memory composite score. Diagnosis-stratified models further assessed the role of PHS.ResultsPolygenic hazard score moderated the relationship between right fimbria/hippocampus volume ratio and episodic memory, such that patients with high PHS and lower volume ratio had lower episodic memory composite scores [ΔF = 6.730,p= 0.011, ΔR2= 0.059]. This effect was also found among individuals with MCI [ΔF = 4.519,p= 0.038, ΔR2= 0.050]. In contrast, no interaction effects were present for those NC or AD individuals. A follow-up mediation analysis also indicated that the right fimbria/hippocampus volume ratio might mediate the link between PHS and episodic memory performance in the MCI group, whereas no mediation effects were present for those NC or AD individuals.ConclusionThese findings suggest that the interaction between AD genetic risk and hippocampal subfield volume ratio increases memory impairment among older adults. Also, the results highlighted a potential pathway in which genetic risk affects memory by degrading hippocampal subfield volume ratio in cognitive decline subjects.
Early-stage differentiation between Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobe degeneration: Clinical, neuropsychology, and neuroimaging features
Authors: Li Pan , Quan Wei , Wang Zengguang , Liu Ying , Cai Hao , Chen Yuan , Wang Yan , Zhang Miao , Tian Zhiyan , Zhang Huihong , Zhou Yuying 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are the two most common forms of neurodegenerative dementia. Although both of them have well-established diagnostic criteria, achieving early diagnosis remains challenging. Here, we aimed to make the differential diagnosis of AD and FTLD from clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging features.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, we selected 95 patients with PET-CT defined AD and 106 patients with PET-CT/biomarker-defined FTLD. We performed structured chart examination to collect clinical data and ascertain clinical features. A series of neuropsychological scales were used to assess the neuropsychological characteristics of patients. Automatic tissue segmentation of brain by Dr. Brain tool was used to collect multi-parameter volumetric measurements from different brain areas. All patients’ structural neuroimage data were analyzed to obtain brain structure and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) quantitative data.ResultsThe prevalence of vascular disease associated factors was higher in AD patients than that in FTLD group. 56.84% of patients with AD carried at least one APOE ε4 allele, which is much high than that in FTLD patients. The first symptoms of AD patients were mostly cognitive impairment rather than behavioral abnormalities. In contrast, behavioral abnormalities were the prominent early manifestations of FTLD, and few patients may be accompanied by memory impairment and motor symptoms. In direct comparison, patients with AD had slightly more posterior lesions and less frontal atrophy, whereas patients with FTLD had more frontotemporal atrophy and less posterior lesions. The WMH burden of AD was significantly higher, especially in cortical areas, while the WMH burden of FTLD was higher in periventricular areas.ConclusionThese results indicate that dynamic evaluation of cognitive function, behavioral and psychological symptoms, and multimodal neuroimaging are helpful for the early diagnosis and differentiation between AD and FTLD.
Association between serum sodium and in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Jin Dongcai , Jin Shaofeng , Liu Bingyang , Ding Yi , Zhou Fen , Jin Yuhong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to retrospectively explore the relationship between serum sodium and in-hospital mortality and related factors in critically ill patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).MethodsData were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore the relationship between serum sodium and in-hospital mortality. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to calculate the optimal cutoff value of sodium fluctuation, and decision curve analysis was plotted to show the net benefit of different models containing serum sodium.ResultsA total of 295 patients with spontaneous SAH were included in the retrospective analysis. The level of sodium on ICU admission and minimum sodium in the ICU had a statistically significant non-linear relationship with in-hospital mortality (non-linear P-value &lt; 0.05, total P-value &lt; 0.001). Serum sodium on ICU admission, minimum serum sodium during ICU, and sodium fluctuation were independently associated with in-hospital mortality with odds ratios being 1.23 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–1.45, P = 0.013), 1.35 (95% CI: 1.18-1.55, P &lt; 0.001), and 1.07 (95% CI: 1.00–1.14, P = 0.047), respectively. The optimal cutoff point was 8.5 mmol/L to identify in-hospital death of patients with spontaneous SAH with sodium fluctuation, with an AUC of 0.659 (95% CI 0.573-0.744).ConclusionAmong patients with spontaneous SAH, we found a J-shaped association between serum sodium on ICU admission and minimum sodium values during ICU with in-hospital mortality. Sodium fluctuation above 8.5 mmol/L was independently associated with in-hospital mortality. These results require being tested in prospective trials.
Patient's care bundle benefits to prevent stroke associated pneumonia: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis
Authors: Guo Feng , Fan Qiao , Liu Xiaoli , Sun Donghai 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPatient's care bundle has been found to have a beneficial effect on refractory diseases, but the preventive effect of this strategy on stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) remains unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the role of the patient's care bundle in the prevention of SAP.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in five electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before January 31, 2022. The incidence of SAP and aspiration and the length of hospital stay were assessed. Random pair-wise meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also performed.ResultsTwenty eligible RCTs involving 1916 patients were included for data analysis. Pooled results suggested that patient's care bundle was associated with significantly lower incidence of SAP (risk ratio [RR], 0.37; 95% CI, 0.29–0.46; p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%) and aspiration (RR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.15–0.35; p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%). Meanwhile, patient's care bundle also significantly shortened the length of hospital stay for general patients (mean difference [MD], −3.10; 95% CI, −3.83 to −2.37; p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 16%) and the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay for patients with severe stoke (MD, −4.85; 95% CI, −5.86−3.84; p &lt; 0.001; I2 = 0%). Results of TSA confirmed that none of the findings could be significantly reversed by future studies.ConclusionsThe patient's care bundle effectively prevents the occurrence of SAP and aspiration and shortens the hospital stay of stroke patients. However, it is necessary to design more high-quality studies to further validate our findings and investigate their applicability in other geographical regions.
Persistent “MRI-negative” lupus myelitis-disease presentation, immunological profile and outcome
Authors: Das Shambaditya , Ray Biman Kanti , Chakraborty Arka Prava , Banerjee Abhirup , Pandit Alak , Das Gautam , Dubey Souvik 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionMyelitis is the least common neuropsychiatric manifestation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative myelitis is even rarer. Here, we present the largest cohort of MRI-negative lupus myelitis cases to assess their clinical and immunological profiles and outcome.MethodA single-center, observational study conducted over a period of 5 years (2017–2021) was undertaken to evaluate patients with MRI-negative lupus myelitis for the epidemiological, clinical, immunological, and radiological features at baseline and followed up at monthly intervals for a year, and the outcomes were documented. Among the 22 patients that presented with MRI-negative myelopathy (clinical features suggestive of myelopathy without signal changes on spinal-cord MRI [3Tesla], performed serially at the time of presentation and 7 days, 6 weeks, and 3 months after the onset of symptoms), 8 patients had SLE and were included as the study population.ResultsIn 8 of 22 patients presenting with MRI-negative myelopathy, the etiology was SLE. MRI-negative lupus myelitis had a female preponderance (male: female ratio, 1:7). Mean age at onset of myelopathy was 30.0 ± 8.93 years, reaching nadir at 4.9 ± 4.39 weeks (Median, 3.0; range, 1.25–9.75). Clinically, cervical cord involvement was observed in 75% of patients, and 62.5% had selective tract involvement. The mean double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, C3, and C4 titers at onset of myelopathy were 376.0 ± 342.88 IU/ml (median, 247.0), 46.1 ± 17.98 mg/dL (median, 47.5), and 7.3 ± 3.55 mg/dL (median, 9.0), respectively, with high SLE disease activity index 2,000 score of 20.6 ± 5.9. Anti-ribosomal P protein, anti-Smith antibody, and anti-ribonuclear protein positivity was observed in 87.5, 75, and 75% of the patients, respectively. On follow-up, improvement of myelopathic features with no or minimal deficit was observed in 5 of the 8 patients (62.5%). None of the patients had recurrence or new neurological deficit over 1-year follow-up.ConclusionPersistently “MRI-negative” lupus myelitis presents with white matter dysfunction, often with selective tract involvement, in light of high disease activity, which follows a monophasic course with good responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy. A meticulous clinical evaluation and a low index of suspicion can greatly aid in the diagnosis of this rare clinical condition in lupus.
Vitamin C intake potentially lowers total cholesterol to improve endothelial function in diabetic patients at increased risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Dludla Phiwayinkosi V. , Nkambule Bongani B. , Nyambuya Tawanda M. , Ziqubu Khanyisani , Mabhida Sihle E. , Mxinwa Vuyolwethu , Mokgalaboni Kabelo , Ndevahoma Fransina , Hanser Sidney , Mazibuko-Mbeje Sithandiwe E. , Basson Albertus K. , Sabbatinelli Jacopo , Tiano Luca 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundVitamin C is one of the most consumed dietary compounds and contains abundant antioxidant properties that could be essential in improving metabolic function. Thus, the current systematic review analyzed evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related outcomes in patients with diabetes or metabolic syndrome.MethodsTo identify relevant randomized control trials (RCTs), a systematic search was run using prominent search engines like PubMed and Google Scholar, from beginning up to March 2022. The modified Black and Downs checklist was used to assess the quality of evidence.ResultsFindings summarized in the current review favor the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake on improving basic metabolic parameters and lowering total cholesterol levels to reduce CVD-risk in subjects with type 2 diabetes or related metabolic diseases. Moreover, vitamin C intake could also reduce the predominant markers of inflammation and oxidative stress like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and malondialdehyde. Importantly, these positive outcomes were consistent with improved endothelial function or increased blood flow in these subjects. Predominantly effective doses were 1,000 mg/daily for 4 weeks up to 12 months. The included RCTs presented with the high quality of evidence.ConclusionClinical evidence on the beneficial effects of vitamin C intake or its impact on improving prominent markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes is still limited. Thus, more RCTs are required to solidify these findings, which is essential to better manage diabetic patients at increased risk of developing CVD.
Case report: Metastatic urothelial cancer with an exceptional response to immunotherapy and comprehensive understanding of the tumor and the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Sternberg Cora N. , Shin Nara , Chernyshov Konstantin , Calabro Fabio , Cerbone Linda , Procopio Giuseppe , Miheecheva Natalia , Sagaradze Georgy , Zaichikova Alisa , Samarina Naira , Boyko Alexandra , Brown Jessica H. , Yunusova Leysan , Guevara Daniela , Manohar Jyothi , Sigouros Michael , Al Assaad Majd , Elemento Olivier , Mosquera Juan Miguel 
Published: October 2022

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used as second-line treatments for urothelial cancer (UC), only a small proportion of patients respond. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of response to ICIs is critical to improve clinical outcomes for UC patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as a key player in tumor progression and the response to certain anti-cancer treatments. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of response using integrated genomic and transcriptomic profiling of a UC patient who was part of the KEYNOTE-045 trial and showed an exceptional response to pembrolizumab. Diagnosed in 2014 and receiving first-line chemotherapy without success, the patient took part in the KEYNOTE-045 trial for 2 years. She showed dramatic improvement and has now been free of disease for over 6 years. Recently described by Bagaev et al., the Molecular Functional (MF) Portrait was utilized to dissect genomic and transcriptomic features of the patient’s tumor and TME. The patient’s tumor was characterized as Immune Desert, which is suggestive of a non-inflamed microenvironment. Integrated whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis identified an ATM mutation and high TMB level (33.9 mut/mb), which are both positive biomarkers for ICI response. Analysis further revealed the presence of the APOBEC complex, indicating the potential for use of APOBEC signatures as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response. Overall, comprehensive characterization of the patient’s tumor and TME with the MF Portrait revealed important insights that could potentially be hypothesis generating to identify clinically useful biomarkers and improve treatment for UC patients.