bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon‐negative hydrogen production: Fundamentals for a techno‐economic and environmental assessment of HyBECCS approaches
Authors: Full Johannes , Ziehn Sonja , Geller Marcel , Miehe Robert , Sauer Alexander 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn order to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality, hydrogen generated from renewable sources will play an important role. Additionally, as underlined in the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), new technologies to remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere are required on a large scale. A novel concept for hydrogen production with net negative emissions referred to as HyBECCS (Hydrogen Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage) combines these two purposes in one technological approach. The HyBECCS concept combines biohydrogen production from biomass with the capture and storage of biogenic carbon dioxide. Various technology combinations of HyBECCS processes are possible, whose ecological effects and economic viability need to be analyzed in order to provide a basis for comparison and decision‐making. This paper presents fundamentals for the techno‐economic and environmental evaluation of HyBECCS approaches. Transferable frameworks on system boundaries as well as emission, cost, and revenue streams are defined and specifics for the application of existing assessment methods are elaborated. In addition, peculiarities concerning the HyBECCS approach with respect to political regulatory measures and interrelationships between economics and ecology are outlined. Based on these considerations, two key performance indicators (KPIs) are established, referred to as levelized cost of carbon‐negative hydrogen (LCCNH) and of negative emissions (LCNE). Both KPIs allow deciding whether a specific HyBECCS project is economically viable and allows its comparison with different hydrogen, energy provision, or negative emission technologies (NETs).
Valued waste/wasted value: Waste, value and the labour process in electronic waste recycling in Singapore and Malaysia
Authors: Wong Aidan M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on value creation in electronic waste, and supports the argument (c.f. Herod et al., 2014) that ‘waste’ embodies congealed labour – the product of the labour process. This analysis of itinerant rag‐and‐bone collectors demonstrates that value creation by informal labour accrues as congealed labour in recycled e‐waste through the agentic acts of collecting, salvaging and extracting. This paper highlights the central role of informal labour in this labour process and pushes further the conceptualisation of ‘wasted labour’ (McGrath‐Champ et al., 2015) by calling for greater attention to the agentic nature of labour in value creation, rather than simply being a passive means of production. Drawing on Marx's circuit of capital, this paper articulates the central role played by informal labour – an oft overlooked economic actor – in enabling the subsequent recycling processes and conceptualises them as pivotal to the recycling industry.
Effects of ipragliflozin on left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: The EXCEED randomized controlled multicenter study
Authors: Akasaka Hiroshi , Sugimoto Ken , Shintani Ayumi , Taniuchi Satsuki , Yamamoto Koichi , Iwakura Katsuomi , Okamura Atsunori , Takiuchi Shin , Fukuda Masahiro , Kamide Kei , Fujio Yasushi , Nakatani Satoshi , Ogihara Toshio , Rakugi Hiromi ,   EXCEED investigators
Published: February 2022

AimWe carried out a randomized controlled trial using ipragliflozin. We analyzed changes in diastolic function using echocardiography in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.MethodsWe carried out an open‐label, multicenter, randomized, two‐arm interventional trial. A total of eligible 68 participants were randomly assigned into two groups (ipragliflozin group n = 36; conventional treatment group n = 32). Primary end‐points were the change in E/e' and e'. Secondary end‐points were other parameters of echocardiography, plasma NT‐proBNP level, New York Heart Association class, hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure.ResultsAfter 24 weeks of follow up, E/e' decreased in both groups (ipragliflozin: 11.0 vs 10.4; conventional treatment 10.5 vs 10.1; multivariate‐adjusted P = 0.95). There were no significant differences in the amount of change in E/e', e', echocardiography parameters, plasma NT‐proBNP level, New York Heart Association class, hemoglobin A1c and blood pressure between the two groups. In the subgroup analysis, ipragliflozin treatment decreased in left ventricular mass index in patients aged ≥70 years and also decreased in NT‐proBNP levels in patients with baseline NT‐proBNP ≥400 pg/mL.ConclusionsIn this randomized controlled study carried out in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, 24‐week ipragliflozin treatment did not improve left ventricular diastolic function compared with conventional treatment. As the subgroup, ipragliflozin treatment decreased in left ventricular mass index in participants aged ≥70 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 298–304.
Subglacial Meltwater Recharge in the Dongkemadi River Basin, Yangtze River Source Region
Authors: He Qiule , Kuang Xingxing , Chen Jiachang , Jiao Jiu Jimmy , Liang Sihai , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGlaciers on the Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the local hydrological cycle. However, there are only few studies on groundwater in the alpine basins in the Tibetan Plateau which considered the effects of glaciers. Glaciers are extensively distributed in the Dongkemadi River Basin, which is a representative alpine basin in the Yangtze River source region. This study focuses on building a numerical groundwater flow model with glaciations using HydroGeoSphere (HGS) to simulate subglacial meltwater recharge to groundwater in the Dongkemadi River Basin in response to future climate changes. Effects of hydraulic conductivity, precipitation, and temperature on subglacial meltwater recharge to groundwater were discussed. Glacier changes in the future 50 years were predicted under different climate change scenarios. Results show that: (1) the average thickness of the glacier will change significantly; (2) the simulated rate of annual mean subglacial meltwater recharge to groundwater is 4.58 mm, which accounts for 6.33% of total groundwater recharge; and (3) hydraulic conductivity has the largest influence on subglacial meltwater recharge to groundwater, followed by temperature and precipitation. Results of this study are also important to sustainable water resource usage in the Yangtze River source region.
Revisiting the cross‐sectional and prospective association of physical activity with body composition and physical fitness in preschoolers: A compositional data approach
Authors: Migueles Jairo H. , Delisle Nyström Christine , Leppänen Marja H. , Henriksson Pontus , Löf Marie 
Published: February 2022

SummaryBackgroundInformation is limited for the benefits of physical activity (PA) in preschoolers. Previous research using accelerometer‐assessed PA may be affected for multicollinearity issues.ObjectivesThis study investigated the cross‐sectional and prospective associations of sedentary behaviour (SB) and PA with body composition and physical fitness using compositional data analysis.MethodsBaseline PA and SB were collected in 4‐year‐old (n = 315) using wrist‐worn GT3X+ during seven 24 h‐periods. Body composition (air‐displacement plethysmography) and physical fitness (PREFIT test battery) were assessed at baseline and at the 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsIncreasing vigorous PA at expenses of lower‐intensity behaviours for 4‐year‐old was associated with body composition and physical fitness at cross‐sectional and longitudinal levels. For example, reallocating 15 min/day from lower intensities to vigorous PA at baseline was associated with higher fat‐free mass index (+0.45 kg/m2, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.18–0.72 kg/m2), higher upper‐body strength (+0.6 kg, 95% CI: 0.1–1.19 kg), higher lower‐body strength (+8 cm, 95% CI: 3–13 cm), and shorter time in completing the motor fitness test (−0.4 s, 95% CI: −0.82 to [−0.01] s) at the 12‐month follow‐up. Pairwise reallocations of time indicated that the behaviour replaced was not relevant, as long as vigorous PA was increased.ConclusionsMore time in vigorous PA may imply short‐ and long‐term benefits on body composition and physical fitness in preschoolers. These findings using compositional data analysis corroborate our previously published results using isotemporal substitution models.
Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of the cotton cutworm Spodoptera litura in marigolds
Authors: Burana Kunlachat , Ehlers Ralf‐Udo , Nimkingrat Prakaijan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSpodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of marigolds in Thailand. It causes severe damage to flower quantity and quality. The most common control method is synthetic insecticides, although this method struggles to control hidden larvae inside flowers or buds and underground pupae. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are widely used as biocontrol agents against many foliage and cryptic insects. The virulence of two commercial EPNs strains, Steinernema siamkayai (Stock, Somsook and Reid) and S. carpocapsae (Weiser), isolated in Thailand, were assessed against different developmental stages of S. litura. The younger larvae of first and third instar were more susceptible to S. siamkayai with the LD50 of 15.84 and 40.34 dauer juveniles (DJs) per host, whereas S. carpocapsae caused higher mortality in older larvae. Against the fifth instar larvae and pupae, the LD50 ranged between 54.37 and 607.97 DJs/host. Field experiments compared the effect of EPNs with farmer's practice (insecticides). EPNs treatments with S. siamkayai and S. carpocapsae significantly reduced the percentage of damaged flowers to 2.53 ± 1.2% and 2.97 ± 1.5%, respectively, compared with insecticide treatment at 4.21 ± 2.1% in the first trial. In trial 2, the insecticide treatment had the highest percentage of damaged flowers of 5.02 ± 5.7%. The benefit–cost ratio (BCR) of EPNs treatments ranged from 2.42 to 2.53 in the first trial and 1.24–1.50 in the second trial and was superior to insecticide treatments with 2.21 and 1.16 in the two trials.
An opinion piece: the evolutionary and ecological consequences of changing selection pressures on marine migration in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Adams Colin E. , Chavarie Louise , Rodger Jessica R. , Honkanen Hannele M. , Thambithurai Davide , Newton Matthew P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere are strong signals that the selection forces favouring the expression of long‐distance sea migration by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are changing. Unlike many other behavioural traits, the costs of migration are incurred before any fitness benefits become apparent to the migrant. The expression of this behaviour has thus been shaped by selection forces over multiple generations and cannot respond to short interval (within a single generation) environmental change as many other behavioural traits can. Here we provide a framework to examine the evolutionary and ecological consequences of a sustained increase in migration cost. We argue that Atlantic salmon may have entered anevolutionary trap, where long‐distance sea migration has become maladaptive because of shifting environmental conditions. We predict that if higher migration costs (affecting survivorship and ultimately fitness) persist, then shifting selection pressures will result in continuing declines in population size. We suggest, however, that in some populations there is demonstrable capacity forevolutionary rescueresponses within the species which is to be found in the variation in the expression of migration. Under a scenario of low to moderate change in the selection forces that previously promoted migration, we argue that disruptive, sex‐based selection would result in partial migration, where females retain sea migration but with anadromy loss predominantly in males. With more acute selection forces, anadromy may be strongly selected against, under these conditions both sexes may become freshwater resident. We suggest that as the migration costs appear to be higher in catchments with standing waters, then this outcome is more likely in such systems. We also speculate that as a result of the genetic structuring in this species, not all populations may have the capacity to respond adequately to change. The consequences of this for the species and its management are discussed.
Prehospital noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for severe respiratory distress in adult patients: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Meng Meng , Zhang Junhong , Chen Liying , Wang Liqin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of prehospital noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and standard care for severe respiratory distress.BackgroundSevere respiratory distress is an important cause of death in adult patients. There is a growing body of research exploring the benefits of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) for patients undergoing severe respiratory distress. However, a systematic review is needed to synthesise and summarise this body of knowledge to identify the effectiveness of NIPPV. This is an update of a meta‐analysis first published in 2014.DesignMeta‐analysis based on PRISMA guidelines.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that reported NIPPV therapy for adult patients with severe respiratory distress. The retrieval time is limited from inception to August 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk bias of included studies. Meta‐analysis was performed by using STATA 11.0 software.ResultsA total of 10 studies involving 1465 patients were included. The meta‐analysis results showed that compared with standard care, CPAP therapy decreased intubation rate (RR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27–0.67, p < .001, I2 = 0.0%), reduced hospital stay (WMD = −4.19, 95% CI: −5.62, −2.77) and ICU stay (WMD = −0.65, 95% CI: −1.09, −0.20) for patients with severe respiratory distress. However, no significant effects of NIPPV were observed on in‐hospital mortality (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.64–1.07) and ICU admission rate (RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.73–1.19).ConclusionsAdult patients with NIPPV treatment for severe respiratory distress had a significantly lower intubation rate and shorter hospital and ICU stay, compared with those with standard care. However, no effect of NIPPV on in‐hospital mortality was observed. Further study is needed by enrolling large‐sample original studies.Relevance to clinical practiceAmong patients with severe respiratory distress, prehospital NIPPV, compared with standard care, was associated with lower intubation rate and shorter hospital and ICU stay in our study. Although our meta‐analysis did not find a relationship between prehospital NIPPV and in‐hospital mortality and ICU admission rate, which may be limited by the number of studies included and the small sample size. However, our study still suggested that the use of prehospital NIPPV was beneficial to the condition of patients with severe respiratory distress.
Aligning the self and reaping the benefits: Ego effectiveness in romantic relationships
Authors: Robinson Michael D. , Irvin Roberta L. , Persich Michelle R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere are components of self that recognize effective courses of action and there are components of self that enact behaviors. The objective of the research was to examine alignment between these different components of self.MethodThe present research assessed degrees of alignment between these two components of self, in the romantic relationship domain, using scenarios involving the self and a hypothetical romantic partner, with alignment defined in terms of the extent to which self‐likelihood ratings for different courses of action (what one “would do”) correlated with the person's own effectiveness ratings (what one “should do”).ResultsIn Study 1 (n = 183), this dimension of ego effectiveness positively predicted partner support and negatively predicted partner aggression, whether reported on by selves or peers. In Study 2 (n = 212), both participants and partners reported greater satisfaction in their relationships with participants scoring higher in ego effectiveness.ConclusionsThe discussion focuses both on the assessment‐related implications of the work and its relevance to understanding variations in relationship functioning.
Managing behavioural and developmental paediatric conditions in rural outpatient clinics: An insight to the challenge ahead
Authors: Kardell Luke David , Lee Joanna , Pinidiyapathirage Janani , Brumpton Kay 
Published: February 2022

AimThe aim of this study is to characterise the nature and caseload of general paediatric outpatient clinics in rural Queensland and to compare the findings with national data.MethodsA retrospective clinical audit of medical records in paediatric clinics at two rural hospitals was undertaken over a 6‐month period. Data extracted included demographics, diagnostic category and onward referral outcomes. The same diagnostic categories were used as the national Children Attending Paediatricians Study (CAPS) to facilitate comparison.ResultsA total of 346 records were reviewed, 56 (16.2%) documented Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent. Compared to national data, significantly more children with behavioural/developmental diagnoses were seen in the rural clinics (CAPS 33.8%; rural 59.2%; P < 0.001). In contrast, children presenting with medical conditions (CAPS 48.2%; rural 28.6%; P < 0.001) and mixed medical/developmental conditions (CAPS 17.9%; rural 12.1%; P = 0.006) were seen less frequently in the rural clinics. Referral rates from the rural sites were lower than the rates reported by CAPS for children with behavioural/developmental diagnoses (CAPS 35.9%, rural 24.9%; P = 0.002) and mixed diagnoses (CAPS 40.6%, rural 19.0%; P = 0.005), while there was no difference in referral rates for children with medical diagnoses (CAPS 16.1%, rural 18.2%; P = 0.575).ConclusionsRural paediatricians' caseloads are dominated by developmental/behavioural conditions, however children with these conditions are less likely to be referred to allied health and psychology services. The reasons for lower referral rates and specific pressures upon rural health services need to be investigated in future studies to provide better health services for rural children.
Content analysis of breast milk substitutes marketing on Chinese e‐commerce platforms
Authors: Han Shannon , Chen Huixi , Wu Yanting , Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChina has the largest and fastest‐growing breast milk substitutes (BMSs) market and a disproportionately low exclusive breastfeeding rate. Many BMS manufacturers have established Chinese e‐commerce stores. This marketing is of concern as it is likely to undermine breastfeeding. This study aimed to identify: (1) the marketing themes and strategies used to promote BMSs on the Chinese BMSs e‐commerce websites; (2) if and how digital BMSs marketing may deviate from the World Health Organization Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes (the Code) recommendations. Content analysis was conducted on the flagship websites of 10 BMSs companies on the Chinese e‐commerce platform “TMall” in July 2019. The main landing page (n = 10) of the flagship TMall website and the product description page (n = 113) of all individual formulas (Stages 1–3) within each company's TMall website were examined. The content was analysed and coded using an iterative thematic analysis approach. Emphasis on Premiumization and Science & Nutrition was the most commonly used marketing approaches. A total of 27.4% of the product description pages sampled used images of infants (<12 months), 33.6% made favourable comparisons of BMSs to breast milk, and only 34.5% included probreastfeeding statements. Marketing strategies were often inconsistent with the Code, and companies used “creative” ways to target mothers, often circumventing the Code recommendations. Unsubstantiated information was commonplace and of concern, because the e‐commerce platform provided easy opportunities for bulk purchases. National regulatory actions are urgently needed to monitor online BMS marketing and the undermining of breastfeeding in China.
‘But this soil, I know!’: Materiality, Incarnation, and the Earthiness of Popular Belief and Practice
Authors: Ryan Salvador 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTaking its cue from the story of a Cretan peasant who was reluctant to let go of a handful of his native soil in order to enter heaven, this article begins by exploring ideas concerning the afterlife in which this world is contrasted with the world to come. It then proceeds to discuss how Christians historically have frequently understood themselves to be in the world, but not of it; how dualistic tendencies have often pitted the soul against the body, and how such views have had an influence on how we understand the person of Christ, often preventing Christians from fully accepting the implications of the Incarnation. The article examines instances of a lingering docetic streak within Christianity, which lies uncomfortably with its central claim that God became fully human. Notwithstanding the difficulties some Christians may have with the idea of a fully human Jesus, there is also a very rich tradition within Christianity of bodily engagement with the material world, not only sacramentally, but also within many popular religious practices, including pilgrimage and relic veneration. Finally, the revival of interest in sacred natural sites, even in areas where church attendances continue to fall, is investigated.
Patients' experiences of the decision‐making process for clinical trial participation
Authors: A. Gregersen Trine , Birkelund Regner , Wolderslund Maiken , Dahl Steffensen Karina , Ammentorp Jette 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClinical decision‐making about participating in a clinical trial is a complex process influenced by overwhelming information about prognosis, disease, and treatment options. The study aimed to explore patients' experiences of the decision‐making process when patients are presented with the opportunity to participate in a cancer clinical trial and to shed light on how patients experience the health communication, the nurse's role, and the physician's role. A qualitative study design was applied. Nine patients with advanced cancer were interviewed after being informed about their treatment options. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed that patients made treatment decisions mainly guided by their emotions and trust in the physician. Furthermore, the physicians had a great impact on the decisions, and the nurse's role was associated with conversations about how to manage life. The study highlights the importance of talking about prognosis and addressing the patient's existential issues, particularly in this context of advanced cancer. The study elucidates a need for healthcare professionals to engage in health communication about life when it is coming to an end.