bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Performance of Non-Nursing Tasks on the Attitudes of Nursing Students toward Nursing Profession
Authors: Ayasreh Ibrahim Rawhi , Hayajneh Ferial , Awamleh Rana Al 
Published: September 2022

Background: Performing non-nursing tasks (NNTs) by registered nurses is considered as one of the most challenging issues faced by nursing sector worldwide. The negative impacts of nurses’ engagement in NNTs were not limited to nurses or clients, but also nursing students who train in clinical areas. Performance of NNTs is found to aggravate nurses’ confusion about their professional roles and identity. However, the impact of performance of NNTs on nursing students has not been yet studied. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of witnessing performance of non-nursing tasks by registered nurses on nursing students’ attitudes toward the nursing profession.Methods: A descriptive comparative study was conducted from September 2021 to January 2022. A convenience sampling was used and 409 valid questionnaires were obtained from Jordanian nursing students who were at least in their second academic year and had completed at least one clinical training period in one of the clinical settings. Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession was used to explore the participants’ attitudes toward the nursing profession. Descriptive statistics and independent t-test test were used for data analysis.Results: The results revealed that approximately 48% of the participants witnessed performance of NNTs by registered nurses during their clinical training. Student participants who witnessed performance of NNTs (M=154.4, SD=17.5) showed significantly less positive attitude toward the nursing profession than those who did not witness (M=157.4, SD=12.2), t(407)=-2.03, p=0.007).Conclusion: Around half of student participants witnessed performance of NNTs by registered nurses during clinical training. Performance of NNTs had a significant effect on nursing students’ attitudes toward nursing profession. Appropriate measures should be prior to clinical training to enhance nurse students’ awareness about professional scope of nursing profession.
Effects of different fluid management on lung and kidney during pressure‐controlled and pressure‐support ventilation in experimental acute lung injury
Authors: de Carvalho Eduardo Butturini , Fonseca Ana Carolina Fernandes , Magalhães Raquel Ferreira , Pinto Eliete Ferreira , Samary Cynthia dos Santos , Antunes Mariana Alves , Baldavira Camila Machado , da Silveira Lizandre Keren Ramos , Teodoro Walcy Rosolia , de Abreu Marcelo Gama , Capelozzi Vera Luiza , Felix Nathane Santanna , Pelosi Paolo , Rocco Patrícia Rieken Macêdo , Silva Pedro Leme 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOptimal fluid management is critical during mechanical ventilation to mitigate lung damage. Under normovolemia and protective ventilation, pulmonary tensile stress during pressure‐support ventilation (PSV) results in comparable lung protection to compressive stress during pressure‐controlled ventilation (PCV) in experimental acute lung injury (ALI). It is not yet known whether tensile stress can lead to comparable protection to compressive stress in ALI under a liberal fluid strategy (LF). A conservative fluid strategy (CF) was compared with LF during PSV and PCV on lungs and kidneys in an established model of ALI. Twenty‐eight male Wistar rats received endotoxin intratracheally. After 24 h, they were treated with CF (minimum volume of Ringer's lactate to maintain normovolemia and mean arterial pressure ≥70 mmHg) or LF (~4 times higher than CF) combined with PSV or PCV (VT = 6 ml/kg, PEEP = 3 cmH2O) for 1 h. Nonventilated animals (n = 4) were used for molecular biology analyses. CF‐PSV compared with LF‐PSV: (1) decreased the diffuse alveolar damage score (10 [7.8–12] vs. 25 [23–31.5], p = 0.006), mainly due to edema in axial and alveolar parenchyma; (2) increased birefringence for occludin and claudin‐4 in lung tissue and expression of zonula‐occludens‐1 and metalloproteinase‐9 in lung. LF compared with CF reduced neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin and interleukin‐6 expression in the kidneys in PSV and PCV. In conclusion, CF compared with LF combined with PSV yielded less lung epithelial cell damage in the current model of ALI. However, LF compared with CF resulted in less kidney injury markers, regardless of the ventilatory strategy.
On the local behavior of local weak solutions to some singular anisotropic elliptic equations
Authors: Ciani Simone , Skrypnik Igor I. , Vespri Vincenzo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the local behavior of bounded local weak solutions to a class of anisotropic singular equations of the kind

∑

i
=
1

s

∂

i
i

u
+

∑

i
=
s
+
1

N

∂

i

(

A

i

(

x
,
u
,

∇

u

)

)

=
0
,

x
∈
Ω
⊂

⊂

R

N

for

1
≤
s
≤

(

N
−
1

)

,

\mathop{\sum }\limits_{i=1}^{s}{\partial }_{ii}u+\mathop{\sum }\limits_{i=s+1}^{N}{\partial }_{i}({A}_{i}\left(x,u,\nabla u))=0,\hspace{1.0em}x\in \Omega \subset \hspace{-0.3em}\subset \hspace{0.33em}{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}\hspace{1.0em}\hspace{0.1em}\text{for}\hspace{0.1em}\hspace{0.33em}1\le s\le \left(N-1),

where each operator

A

i

{A}_{i}

behaves directionally as the singular

p

p

-Laplacian,

1
<
p
<
2

1\lt p\lt 2

. Throughout a parabolic approach to expansion of positivity we obtain the interior Hölder continuity and some integral and pointwise Harnack inequalities.
Experimental study on the influence of fuel-rich and fuel-lean coal/airflow ratio on aerodynamic characteristics of a 300MWe foster wheeler down-fired boiler
Authors: Du He , Li Zhengqi , Zhang Mingdi , Zhang Ning , Chen Zhichao , Song Jian , Fang Fan , Su Jianjun , Liu Haibing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To address the problem of late ignition and poor burnout of Foster-Wheeler down-fired boilers, this study proposed a new combustion technology, which combines adding on arch secondary air and alternately arranging the fuel-lean coal/airflow (FLCA) and fuel-rich coal/airflow (FRCA). The coal particle trajectories of FLCA and FRCA and overall aerodynamic characteristics in the furnace were studied at FRCA and FLCA ratio (R
RL) of 5:5, 7:3, and 9:1. The results showed that even at a low FRCA ratio, the new combustion technology could still effectively ensure the penetration depth of pulverised coal/airflow. At different R
RL values, the main airflow from the arch appeared in the near-wall area and could penetrate downwards into the cold ash hopper area. With an increase in the value of R
RL, the deflection degree of FLCA towards the furnace wall increased, while that of FRCA decreased. At R
RL of 7:3, both the penetration depth and deflection degree of FRCA and FLCA were at a high level, which was conductive to promoting the burnout and recommended in practical applications.
Relative Valuation of Private Held Companies: Valuation Multiples in the Czech Brewing Industry
Authors: Drábek Michal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the topic of the relative valuation from the perspective of non-publicly traded companies and the determination of industry multiples allowing the subsequent application of this approach to specific industries. I chose the Czech brewing industry as the target industry, represented by the 50 most important entities (covering more than 99% of the industry’s turnover). Due to the fact that no market value data are available for this type of company, I first used an income valuation approach – the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to assess the market value of each company in the sample. I then quantified valuation multiples of P/E, EV/EBIT, EV/EBITDA, P/S, EV/S, P/BV, and EV/IC for each company, from which I determined industry statistics. I verified their suitability for use in the relative valuation approach and compared them with the results of existing studies on the most commonly used valuation approaches in the Czech Republic. Furthermore, I compared my own calculations of industry multiples for non-publicly traded companies with available data on industry multiples of publicly-traded companies in the brewing industry across Europe. The results of the comparison show that these multiples are on average lower for non-publicly traded companies than for listed companies.
The effect of materials and curing system on the behavior of self-compacting geopolymer concrete
Authors: Al-Bayati Maan A. , Abdulrahman Mazin B. , Alzeebaree Radhwan , Arbili Mohamed M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate and achieve the optimum compressive strength of self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC). Fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) are used at different ratios as binder materials to produce the SCGC mixes. Alkaline solution was a mix of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide. Three different ratios of binder materials were used to produce SCGC (0FA-100GGBFS; 50FA-50GGBFS; and 100FA-0GGBFS). The total binder weight was 500 kg/m3 within a constant alkali–binder proportion (0.5). Two curing conditions were used, at ambient environment and heat curing at 110°C for 24 h. The compressive strength and fresh properties of SCGC are evaluated. The compressive strength is utilized to demonstrate the mechanical properties of SCGC. The compressive strength is investigated at two ages (7 and 28 days). The results showed that the use of GGBFS had a negative effect on the fresh properties of SCGC. However, it has a significant impact on the mechanical behavior of the SCGC. SCGC’s early strength is heavily involved in heat curing. The compressive strength of 100% GGBFS in the ambient environment after 28 days was more than that of GGBFS cured at 110°C. The optimum eco-friendly mix is 50FA-50GGBFS.
Treatment and outcomes of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction during the Covid-19 era: A comparison with the pre-Covid-19 period. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Spadaccio Cristiano , Pisani Angelo , Salsano Antonio , Nenna Antonio , Fardman Alexander , D’Alessandro David , Santini Francesco , Gaudino Mario F. L. , Sundt Thoralf M. , Rose David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aims to compare treatments and outcomes of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction (MI) during the Covid-19 and in the pre-Covid-19 era. Electronic databases have been searched for MI mechanical complications during the Covid-19 era and in the previous period from January 1998 to January 2020 (pre-Covid-19 era), until October 2021. To perform a quantitative analysis of non-comparative series, a meta-analysis of proportion has been conducted. Early mortality after surgical treatment was 15.0% while it was significantly higher after conservative treatment (62.4%) (P = 0.026). Early mortality after surgical treatment was seemingly higher in the pre-Covid-19 era but the difference did not reach statistical significance (15.0% vs 38.9%; P = 0.13). Mortality in patients treated conservatively, or turned down for surgery, was lower during the Covid-19 pandemic (62.4% vs 97.7%; P = 0.001). The crude mean prevalence of the use rate of conservative or surgical treatment across the studies during Covid-19 and in the pre-Covid-19 era was comparable. The current increased incidence of MI mechanical complications might be a consequence of delayed presentation or restricted access to hospital facilities. Despite the general negative impact of Covid-19 on cardiac surgery volumes and outcomes and the apparent increase of the incidence of MI complications, the outcomes of their surgical and clinical treatment seem not to have been affected during the pandemic.
Artificial gorilla troops algorithm for the optimization of a fine plate heat exchanger
Authors: Gürses Dildar , Mehta Pranav , Patel Vivek , Sait Sadiq M. , Yildiz Ali Riza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Adaptability of the metaheuristic (MH) algorithms in multidisciplinary platforms confirms its significance and effectiveness for the solution of the constraints problems. In this article, one of the imperative thermal system components-plate fin heat exchangers is economically optimized using the novel artificial gorilla troops optimization algorithms (AGTOAs). The cost optimization challenge of the PFHE includes the initial and running cost that needs to be minimized by optimizing several design variables subjecting to critical boundary conditions. To confirm the performance of the AGTOA, the statistical results obtained were compared with nine benchmark MHs algorithms. It was found that AGTO is a robust optimization algorithm because it was able to fetch the best results for the function with 100% of the success rate compared to the rest of the algorithms. Moreover, considering the superior results obtained from the AGTO, it can be applied to numerous applications of the engineering design optimization.
Thermal analysis and performance testing of heavy load truck composite brake linings
Authors: Bayram Emre , Topuz Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the most important variables that determine the braking performance of heavy-duty trucks is the high temperature increases in the brake components. In this study, the effects of high temperatures in brake lining compositions were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Furthermore, dynamometer tests and SEM analysis were performed. Three different compositions, which are called standard, fly ash and sisal fiber mixture, were compared with existing commercial heavy-duty truck brake lining. The thermal behavior of samples analyzed in TGA machine compared to the weight losses with increasing temperatures until 900 °C. Dynamometer tests which simulated the real part production and vehicle tests were realized in brake lining supplier. Finally, with the SEM analysis, both normal and worn surfaces were analyzed and reasons for wear surfaces were investigated. The findings suggest that there is a high potential in fly ash mixture to apply in commercial trucks applications which occurs at very high temperatures and is very suitable for environment and cost reduction points.
Non-finite Verb Movement in Romance
Authors: Groothuis Kim A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince Pollock, Jean-Yves. 1989. Verb movement, universal grammar, and the structure of IP.Linguistic Inquiry20. 365–424, it is well known that Romance finite verbs move into the I-domain. However, the relationship between finiteness and verb movement has not yet been investigated in detail. The aim of the present study is to trace and analyse verb movement in various types of non-finite and semi-finite clauses in Romance, including infinitives with specified subjects, inflected infinitives, bare infinitival clauses, Aux-to-Comp (cf. Rizzi, Luigi. 1982.Issues in Italian syntax. Dordrecht: Foris), past participial clauses, and gerunds. It is shown that all types of Romance non-finite verbs move high, with the exception of French absolute participles and French infinitives. The picture of non-finite movement is thus more uniform than that of finite verb movement (cf. Schifano, Norma. 2018.Verb movement in Romance. A comparative study. Oxford: Oxford University Press). A unified account is proposed: non-finite verbs all need to be anchored to the speech act through a higher clause, which requires them to be in a local relation with the anchoring head Fin (cf. Groothuis, Kim A. 2020.Reflexes of finiteness in Romance. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Unpublished PhD thesis).
Estimation and interpretation of vaccine efficacy in COVID-19 randomized clinical trials
Authors: Michiels Hege , Vandebosch An , Vansteelandt Stijn 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
An exceptional effort by the scientific community has led to the development of multiple vaccines against COVID-19. Efficacy estimates for these vaccines have been widely communicated to the general public, but are nonetheless challenging to compare because they are based on phase 3 trials that differ in study design, definition of vaccine efficacy and the handling of cases arising shortly after vaccination. We investigate the impact of these choices on vaccine efficacy estimates, both theoretically and by re-analyzing the Janssen and Pfizer COVID-19 trial data under a uniform protocol. We moreover study the causal interpretation that can be assigned to per-protocol analyses typically performed in vaccine trials. Finally, we propose alternative estimands to measure the intrinsic vaccine efficacy in settings with delayed immune response.

Methods
The data of the Janssen COVID-19 trials were recreated, based on the published Kaplan-Meier curves. An estimator for the alternative causal estimand was developed using a Structural Distribution Model.

Results
In the data analyses, we observed rather large differences between intention-to-treat and per-protocol effect estimates. In contrast, the causal estimand and the different estimators used for per-protocol effects lead approximately to the same estimates.

Conclusions
In these COVID-10 vaccine trials, per-protocol effects can be interpreted as the number of cases that can be avoided by vaccination, if the vaccine would immediately induce an immune response. However, it is unclear whether this interpretation also holds in other settings.
Retrosplenial and Hippocampal Synchrony during Retrieval of Old Memories in Macaques
Authors: Hussin Ahmed T. , Abbaspoor Saman , Hoffman Kari L. 
Published: September 2022

Memory for events from the distant past relies on multiple brain regions, but little is known about the underlying neural dynamics that give rise to such abilities. We recorded neural activity in the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex of two female rhesus macaques as they visually selected targets in year-old and newly acquired object-scene associations. Whereas hippocampal activity was unchanging with memory age, the retrosplenial cortex responded with greater magnitude alpha oscillations (10–15 Hz) and greater phase locking to memory-guided eye movements during retrieval of old events. A similar old-memory enhancement was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex but in a beta2/gamma band (28–35 Hz). In contrast, remote retrieval was associated with decreased gamma-band synchrony between the hippocampus and each neocortical area. The increasing retrosplenial alpha oscillation and decreasing hippocampocortical synchrony with memory age may signify a shift in frank memory allocation or, alternatively, changes in selection among distributed memory representations in the primate brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMemory depends on multiple brain regions, whose involvement is thought to change with time. Here, we recorded neuronal population activity from the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex as nonhuman primates searched for objects embedded in scenes. These memoranda were either newly presented or a year old. Remembering old material drove stronger oscillations in the retrosplenial cortex and led to a greater locking of neural activity to search movements. Remembering new material revealed stronger oscillatory synchrony between the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex. These results suggest that with age, memories may come to rely more exclusively on neocortical oscillations for retrieval and search guidance and less on long-range coupling with the hippocampus.
El impacto de la financiación pública-privada en el desarrollo: las experiencias de YPF y Tecpetrol en Vaca Muerta (2014-2020)* Gustavo García Zanotti
Authors: García Zanotti Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

En el presente artículo se discutió el impacto de la financiación pública-privada en el desarrollo de los proyectos productivos en la formación no convencional de Vaca Muerta a través de las experiencias que más invirtieron en la misma: YPF —con Chevron— y Tecpetrol. El sector energético resulta indispensable para el funcionamiento y reproducción del conjunto de la economía. Por esta razón, el Estado se encuentra interesado en su desenvolvimiento. Para ello pretende atraer inversiones privadas a través de estímulos, y al hacerlo contribuye en el financiamiento de este. El sector privado ha invertido a través de préstamos intra-firma desde sociedades relacionadas en el exterior. Sin embargo, la sostenibilidad del financiamiento se dirimirá en términos de la disponibilidad de divisas que este refleje dado que los países como Argentina poseen una severa restricción externa, así como dificultades para retener el capital. En este sentido, las amortizaciones de dichos préstamos significarán la repatriación de los capitales y presionarán sobre la liquidez de divisas. Además, se trata de un sector que demandará inversiones y financiamiento constantemente para mantenerse activo debido a que su necesidad de fondos se encuentra relacionada a la reducida vida útil que poseen los pozos no convencionales.
Prevalencia de Fasciola hepatica y Paramphistomidae en bovinos de doble propósito en una hacienda del trópico bajo andino colombiano Digeneos en bovinos de doble propósito del trópico bajo andino colombiano
Authors: Arroyo M. I. , Gómez L. , Hernández C. , Agudelo D. , Galván-Diaz A. L. , Velásquez L. E. 
Published: September 2022

En muchos países la fasciolosis y paramfistomosis representan un grave problema para la salud del sector pecuario. En Colombia hay registros de ambas distomatosis en bovinos, de la mayoría del trópico alto andino, las cuales generan pérdidas económicas anuales cercanas a 40 000 000 000 COP. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de fasciolosis y paramfistomosis en vacunos de la hacienda La Candelaria, Caucasia (Colombia), y la presencia de caracoles hospederos intermediarios. Para cumplirlo, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se recolectaron heces de los animales y se hizo el diagnóstico mediante la técnica modificada de Dennis. Se establecieron las prevalencias de los digeneos de acuerdo con el sexo, peso, edad y raza. Se recolectaron caracoles dulciacuícolas en la zona estudiada y se identificaron por morfología. Se analizaron 466 muestras fecales de 178 bovinos, de las razas Cebú (Bos indicus), BON (blanco orejinegro) y del cruce entre ellas. Se diagnosticaron F. hepatica y Paramphistomidae con prevalencias del 2,2% y 30,9%, respectivamente. En el 1,1% de los vacunos se diagnosticó coinfección. Ambas trematodosis prevalecieron en las hembras (p = 0,03). Se identificaron moluscos dulciacuícolas Ampullariidae, Physidae y Planorbidae sin estadios larvarios de digeneos. Se concluyó que los bovinos de doble propósito de la hacienda La Candelaria están expuestos a F. hepatica y Paramphistomidae, y, probablemente, se infectan en los predios de la hacienda. Paramphistomidae es más prevalente que F. hepatica, lo cual concuerda con lo descrito en algunos estudios