bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser accessories: surgical fibers, strippers, cleavers, and protective glasses
Authors: Keller Etienne Xavier , Kronenberg Peter , Tailly Thomas , Corrales Mariela , Juliebø-Jones Patrick , Pietropaolo Amelia , Somani Bhaskar , De Coninck Vincent 
Published: March 2022

Purpose of review
This review provides most recent findings and developments relating to surgical laser fibers, strippers, cleavers, and protective glasses.

Recent findings
The smallest core diameter that can be used with Holmium:YAG lasers is 200 μm. Smaller core diameter fibers can be used with the Thulium fiber laser and offer better flexibility and lower risk of fracture, at the risk of greater burnback effect. Misleading discrepancies between the true diameter of laser fibers and their packaging labels must be considered. Fiber tip degradation from the burnback occurs within few minutes, thus questioning the need for time-consuming fiber tip reprocessing with fiber strippers and special cleaving tools. This shortcoming also applies to instrument-protecting ball-tip fibers. Cleavage of fiber tips through their protective jackets (‘coated tips’) is a cheaper alternative for instrument protection, additionally offering better visual control of the fiber tip. Third-generation side-firing greenlight laser fibers are still prone to rapid deterioration. Laser eyewear does not seem necessary for Holmium:YAG applications, whereas laser-specific protective glasses should be worn for greenlight laser applications.

Summary
With better understanding of laser accessories, practicing urologists may tailor their practice to reach optimal efficacy and safety for Holmium:YAG, Thulium fiber laser and Greenlight laser applications.
Infant Formulas With Postbiotics
Authors: Szajewska Hania , Kołodziej Maciej , Skórka Agata , Pieścik‐Lech Małgorzata 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTObjectives:Infant formulas (IF) with postbiotics, defined as inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confer a health benefit on the host, are available. We systematically updated evidence on the safety and health effects of administering iF with postbiotics (with or without other modifications) compared with standard IF.Methods:The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were searched to December 2021.Results:Eleven randomized controlled trials were included. Using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2, for the primary outcomes, 5 trials had an overall high risk of bias, and 6 trials had some concerns of bias. Most data were available on IF fermented with Bifidobacterium breve C50 and Streptococcus thermophilus (BB/ST). These formulas, compared with the standard IF, were safe and well tolerated. Postbiotic formulas with additional modifications (ie, formula fermented with BB/ST & prebiotics, partly fermented formula with BB/ST and prebiotics with or without modified milk fat, partly fermented antiregurgitation formula with BB/ST and prebiotics) were generally safe and well tolerated but did not offer clear benefits replicated in other studies. Only limited data were available on formula fermented with Lactobacillus paracasei CBA L74.Conclusions:IF with postbiotics evaluated so far are safe and well tolerated by infants who cannot be breastfed. No firm conclusion can, however, be reached regarding the clinical effects and benefit of one formula over another. It seems reasonable to discuss with healthcare providers current evidence regarding specific modifications in infant formulas and let them decide whether the expected benefits meet expectations and are worth the cost.
Porto‐Sinusoidal Vascular Disease
Authors: Girard Chloé , Laborde Nolwenn , Marbach Clothilde , Mas Emmanuel , Bureau Christophe , Broué Pierre 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTObjectives:Porto‐sinusoidal vascular disease (PSVD) refers to a broad spectrum of histological lesions and phenotypic expressions. There are only a few reported pediatric cases in the literature. The primary outcomes of this study were to describe the phenotype of children with PSVD, to specify their mode of presentation and their clinical, biological, histological, and radiological characteristics as well as to identify their underlying etiologies.Methods:This is a descriptive, retrospective, and monocentric study of children followed at our reference center for rare vascular liver diseases.Results:Our study included 30 children ages 2months to 17.4years at the time of diagnosis. in most cases, the diagnosis was made incidentally without manifestation of any clinical symptom but rather on the finding of splenomegaly on physical examination (n = 9) or biological abnormalities (n = 13). In the other cases, the main presenting symptom was an upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n = 6). At the first visit, liver laboratory values were either normal (37%) or slightly disturbed. Anemia and/or thrombocytopenia associated with hypersplenism were found in 60% of patients. Liver biopsy was necessary for diagnosis. A total of 80% of cases had no identified etiology. After a median follow‐up of 4.5 years, 33% had not developed portal hypertension (PHT) and we reported the first pediatric case of hepatocellular carcinoma in PSVD children.Conclusions:PSVD is responsible for nonspecific symptomatology with variable evolution sometimes marked by serious complications requiring invasive treatments or even liver transplantation. Regular monitoring is essential to prevent, detect, and treat complications.
Facial Reanimation Using Free Functional Muscle Transfer: Lessons Learnt From a Long Term Experience Comparing Innervation With Cross Facial Nerve Graft and Masseter Nerve
Authors: Kalra Gurdyal Singh , Kalra Sushrut , Gupta Samarth 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Facial palsy is a complex problem and goal of reanimation is to achieve symmetric face at rest and spontaneous smile. in our study the authors performed facial reanimation in long standing cases of facial palsy (more than 1 year), gracilis muscle was used as a free functioning muscle transfer. Two motor donor nerves were used: cross-face nerve graft and masseter nerve.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 205 cases of unilateral facial reanimation with free functional muscle transfer (FFMT) were performed between 1998 and 2019. Out of 205 patients, 184 patients were operated by cross facial nerve graft-gracilis, and 21 by masseter nerve-gracilis. Quantitative assessment for outcome was done by measuring the excursion on follow up. Oral competence outcome and satisfaction score calculation was done by questionnaire. Results of spontaneous smile were divided into positive and negative groups.

Results:
A 2 stage cross facial nerve graft-gracilis FFMT achieved most natural and spontaneous smile when longer observation period (≥2 years) was followed. Masseter nerve-gracilis provided satisfactory results in the shortest rehabilitation period, had more excursion but never obtained spontaneous smile.

Conclusions:
The cross facial nerve graft-gracilis FFMT can achieve natural and spontaneous smile and remains our first choice for facial reanimation. Masseter nerve-gracilis can be used if cross facial nerve graft-gracilis fails, patient desires a single stage surgery and in some specific conditions, such as bilateral mobius syndrome.
The Impact of Virtual Surgical Planning on Orthognathic Surgery: Contributions From Two Specialties
Authors: Chen Jonlin , Abousy Mya , Girard Alisa , Duclos Olga , Patel Viren , Jenny Hillary , Redett Richard , Yang Robin 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Virtual surgical planning (VSP) has gained popularity for preoperative orthognathic surgery planning and is increasingly being employed by surgeons trained in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS) or oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS). This review assesses the introduction of VSP as a new technology and its impact on orthognathic surgery research and practices based upon surgeon training.

Methods:
Two PubMed literature reviews were conducted. The first classified publications on VSP for orthognathic surgery by training (OMS- or PRS-trained surgeons) and compared focuses, timing, and journals of publications from each group of surgeons. The second evaluated how orthognathic surgery publication volumes changed with VSP introduction. English articles published from inception until January 2020 (first review) and November 2020 (second review) were included.

Results:
The first literature review retrieved 419 unique publications, with 188 studies selected for inclusion: 162 were published by OMS-trained principal investigators (OMS-authored) and 26 by PRS-trained principal investigators (PRS-authored). Plastic and reconstructive surgery-authored publications regarding VSP use in orthognathic surgery increased after the first publication in 2000, but at a significantly slower rate (0.2 new publications/year) than OMS-authored publications (P < 0.01). Aesthetics was discussed in significantly more PRS-authored publications (76.9% compared to 28.4% of OMS-authored publications). The second review revealed that over 80.6% of orthognathic surgery literature was published after 2008, the year VSP was first integrated into orthognathic surgery workflow.

Conclusions:
Following the introduction of VSP, orthognathic surgery research output has differed between PRS and OMS based on publication speed, volume, and research focuses.
Further research is necessary to evaluate how VSP has impacted PRS and OMS clinical practice.
Efficacy and Complications of Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis for Airway Obstruction in the Robin Sequence Population: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Chocron Yehuda , Barone Natasha , Zammit Dino , Gilardino Mirko S. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is becoming the procedure of choice for patients with Robin Sequence (RS) as it offers superior long-term respiratory outcomes in avoidance of tracheostomy. Lacking, is an analysis of the short- and long-term complications. To that end, we have conducted a comprehensive review focusing on complications of MDO.

Materials and Methods:
A systematic review of primary clinical studies reporting outcomes and complications of MDO in RS patients. Outcomes included tracheostomy avoidance and decannulation rate. Complications included dental trauma, nerve injury, surgical site infection and hardware failure. Complications were stratified according to distractor type (internal versus external) and age (>2 months versus <2months).

Results:
A total of 49 studies yielded 1209 patients with a mean follow-up of 43.78 months. The tracheostomy avoidance rate was 94% (n = 817/870) and the mortality rate was 0.99% (n = 12/1209). The complication rate was 28.9% (n = 349/1209) with surgical site infections (10.5%) being most common. Dental and nerve injuries occurred in 7.9% and 3.2% of patients, respectively. Hardware replacement occurred in 1.2% of patients. internal distractors had higher rates of dental injury whereas external distractors had higher technical failure rates. There were no differences in complication rates (P
= 0.200), mortality (P = 0.94) or tracheostomy avoidance (P = 0.058) between patients >2months or <2months of age.

Conclusion:
Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is highly reliable and effective with a low mortality and high tracheostomy avoidance rate. There are important complications including nerve and dental injuries which require long-term follow-up. Neonatal patients do not appear to be at higher risk of complications reinforcing the safety of MDO in this population.
Machine Learning Based Reanalysis of Clinical Scores for Distinguishing Between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Low Resource Setting
Authors: Bhardwaj Aman , Srivastava MV Padma , Vinny Pulikottil Wilson , Mehndiratta Amit , Vishnu Venugopalan Y , Garg Rahul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDIdentification of stroke and classifying them as ischemic and hemorrhagic type using clinical scores alone faces two unaddressed issues. One pertains to over-estimation of performance of scores and the other involves class imbalance nature of stroke data leading to biased accuracy. We conducted a quantitative comparison of existing scores, after correcting them for the above-stated issues. We explored the utility of Machine Learning theory to address overestimation of performance and class imbalance inherent in these clinical scores.METHODSWe included validation studies of Siriraj (SS), Guys Hospital/Allen (GHS/AS), Greek (GS), and Besson (BS) Scores for stroke classification, from 2001-2021, identified from systematic search on PubMed, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and IEEE-Xplore. From included studies we extracted the reported cross tabulation to identify the listed issues. Further, we mitigated them while recalculating all the performance metrics for a comparative analysis of the performance of SS, GHS/AS, GS, and BS.RESULTSA total of 21 studies were included. Our calculated sensitivity range (IS-diagnosis) for SS is 40-90% (median 70%[IQR:57-73%], aggregate 71%[SD:15%]) as against reported 43-97% (78%[IQR:65-88%]), for GHS/AS 35-93% (64%[IQR:53-71%], 64%[SD:17%]) against 35-94% (73%[IQR:62-88%]), and for GS 60-74% (64%[IQR:62-69%], 69%[SD:7%]) against 74-94% (89%[IQR:81-92%]). Calculated sensitivity (HS-diagnosis), for SS, GHS/AS, and GS respectively, are 34-86% (59%[IQR:50-79%], 61%[SD:17%]), 20-73% (46%[IQR:34-64%], 44%[SD:17%]), and 11-80% (43%[IQR:27-62%], 51%[SD:35%]) against reported 50-95% (71%[IQR:64-82%]), 33-93% (63%[IQR:39-73%]), and 41-80% (78%[IQR:59-79%]). Calculated accuracy ranges, are 37-86% (67%[IQR:56-75%], 68%[SD:13%]), 40-87% (58%[IQR:47-61%], 59%[SD:14%]), and 38-76% (51%[IQR:45-63%], 61%[SD:19%]) while the weighted accuracy ranges are 37-85% (64%[IQR:54-73%], 66%[SD:12%]), 43-80% (53%[IQR:47-62%], 54%[SD:13%]), and 38-77% (51%[IQR:44-64%], 60%[SD:20%]). Only one study evaluated BS.CONCLUSIONQuantitative comparison of existing scores indicated significantly lower ranges of performance metrics as compared to the ones reported by the studies. We conclude that published clinical scores for stroke classification over-estimate performance. We recommend inclusion of equivocal predictions while calculating performance metrics for such analysis. Further, the high variability in performance of clinical scores in stroke identification and classification could be improved upon by creating a global data-pool with statistically important attributes. Scores based on Machine Learning from such globally pooled data may perform better and generalise at scale.
Social connections at work and mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from employees in Germany
Authors: Breetzke Jonas , Wild Eva-Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEmpirical evidence on the social and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the workplace and the resulting consequences for the mental health of employees is still sparse. As a result, research on this subject is urgently needed to develop appropriate countermeasures. This study builds on Person-Environment fit theory to investigate social connections at work and mental health during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. It analyses employees’ needs for social connections and how social connections affect different mental health measures. Survey data were collected in May 2020 in an online survey of employees across Germany and analysed using response surface analysis. Mental health was measured as positive mental health and mental health disorders. Social connections were measured as social support and social interactions. 507 employees participated in the survey and more than one third reported having less social support and social interaction at work than they desired (p < .001). This was associated with a decrease in mental health. In contrast, having more than the desired amount of social support was associated with a decrease and having more than the desired amount of social interaction with an increase in mental health. This study provides important early evidence on the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the workplace. With it, we aim to stimulate further research in the field and provide early evidence on potential mental health consequences of social distancing measures – while also opening avenues to combat them.
Oxylipin profiling identifies a mechanistic signature of metabolic syndrome: results from two independent cohorts
Authors: Dalle Céline , Tournayre Jérémy , Mainka Malwina , Basiak-Rasała Alicja , Pétéra Mélanie , Lefèvre-Arbogast Sophie , Dalloux-Chioccioli Jessica , Deschasaux-Tanguy Mélanie , Lécuyer Lucie , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle , Fezeu Léopold , Hercberg Serge , Galan Pilar , Samieri Cécilia , Zatońska Katarzyna , Calder Philip C. , Hjorth Mads Fiil , Astrup Arne , Mazur André , Bertrand-Michel Justine , Schebb Nils H. , Szuba Andrzej , Touvier Mathilde , Newman John W. , Gladine Cécile 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex condition encompassing a constellation of cardiometabolic abnormalities. Integratively phenotyping the molecular pathways involved in MetS would help to deeply characterize its pathophysiology and to better stratify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Oxylipins are a superfamilly of lipid mediators regulating most biological processes involved in cardiometabolic health.MethodsA high-throughput validated mass spectrometry method allowing the quantitative profiling of over 130 oxylipins was applied to identify and validate the oxylipin signature of MetS in two independent case/control studies involving 476 participants.ResultsWe have uncovered and validated an oxylipin signature of MetS (coined OxyScore) including 23 oxylipins and having high performances of classification and replicability (cross-validated AUCROCof 89%, 95% CI: 85%-93% and 78%, 95% CI: 72%-85% in the Discovery and Replication studies, respectively). Correlation analysis and comparison with a classification model incorporating both the oxylipins and the MetS criteria showed that the oxylipin signature brings consistent and complementary information supporting its clinical utility. Moreover, the OxyScore provides a unique mechanistic signature of MetS regarding the activation and/or negative feedback regulation of crucial molecular pathways that may help identify patients at higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases.ConclusionOxylipin profiling identifies a mechanistic signature of metabolic syndrome that may help to enhance MetS phenotyping and ultimately to better predict the risk of cardiometabolic diseasesviaa better patient stratification.
A versatile Halo- and SNAP-tagged BMP/TGFβ receptor library for quantification of cell surface ligand binding
Authors: Jatzlau Jerome , Burdzinski Wiktor , Trumpp Michael , Obendorf Leon , Roßmann Kilian , Ravn Katharina , Hyvönen Marko , Bottanelli Francesca , Broichhagen Johannes , Knaus Petra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe TGFβ superfamily of secreted growth factors comprises more than 30 members including TGFβs, BMPs and Activins. While all TGFβ superfamily members signal through heteromeric receptor complexes to regulate a plethora of developmental and homeostatic processes, each ligand possesses a unique affinity towards a subset of BMP and TGFβ type I and type II receptors. Whereas the Activin and TGFβ class display a higher affinity towards type II receptors, BMPs and GDFs preferentially bind to type I receptors. Sofar, the lack of specific antibodies and chemical biology tools hampered simultaneous testing of ligand binding towards all BMP and TGFβ receptors. Here we present a N-terminally Halo- and SNAP-tagged TGFβ/BMP receptor library to visualize the receptor complexes in dual color. In combination with novel fluorescently labeled TGFβ superfamily ligands, we established a Ligand Surface Binding Assay (LSBA) for optical quantification of receptor-dependent growth factor binding for Activin A, TGFβ1 and BMP9 in a cellular context. We confirm ligand-receptor interface specificity by identifying BMPR2- or ALK2-mutants that switch from a low-affinity Activin A- or BMP9-receptor to a high-affinity receptor, respectively.
The ion permeability of DNA nanotube channels
Authors: Dhanasekar Naresh Niranjan , Li Yi , Schulman Rebecca 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTTechniques from structural DNA nanotechnology make it possible to assemble complex 3-dimensional nanostructures with virtually arbitrary control over their sizes, shapes and features at length scales of 3–100 nm, providing a flexible means for constructing nanoscale devices and machines. Here, we assemble micron-length DNA nanotubes and assess their performance as pipes for controlled ion transport. DNA nanotubes growviaassembly of DNA tiles from a seed pore, a 12-helix DNA origami cylinder functionalized with cholesterol, to form a DNA nanotube channel. The central channel of a nanotube can be obstructed via Watson-Crick hybridization of a channel cap, a second DNA origami structure, to the end of a nanotube channel or a nanotube seed pore. Single-channel electrophysiological characterization shows that both nanotube seed pores and nanotube channels display ohmic ion conductance consistent with their central channels’ diameters. Binding of the channel cap reduces the conductances of both DNA nanotube channels and seed pores, demonstrating control of ion-transport through these micron-length channels. Because these channels could be assembled into branched architectures or routed between specific molecular terminals, these results suggest a route to self-assembling nanofluidic devices and circuits in which transport can be controlled using dynamic biomolecular interactions.
Activated I-BAR IRSp53 clustering controls the formation of VASP-actin-based membrane protrusions
Authors: Tsai Feng-Ching , Henderson J. Michael , Jarin Zack , Kremneva Elena , Senju Yosuke , Pernier Julien , Mikhajlov Oleg , Manzi John , Kogan Konstantin , Le Clainche Christophe , Voth Gregory A. , Lappalainen Pekka , Bassereau Patricia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFilopodia are actin-rich membrane protrusions essential for cell morphogenesis, motility, and cancer invasion. How cells control filopodia initiation on the plasma membrane remains elusive. We performed experiments in cellulo, in vitro and in silico to unravel the mechanism of filopodia initiation driven by the membrane curvature sensor IRSp53. We showed that full-length IRSp53 self-assembles into clusters on membranes depending on PIP2. Using well-controlled in vitro reconstitution systems, we demonstrated that IRSp53 clusters recruit the actin polymerase VASP to assemble actin filaments locally on membranes, leading to the generation of actin-filled membrane protrusions reminiscent of filopodia. By pulling membrane nanotubes from live cells, we observed that IRSp53 can only be enriched and trigger actin assembly in nanotubes at highly dynamic membrane regions. Our work supports a regulation mechanism of IRSp53 in its attributes of curvature sensation and partner recruitment to ensure a precise spatial-temporal control of filopodia initiation.