bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herausforderungen bei der Versorgung von Patienten* mit einer Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation
Authors: Schüler Ina M. , Heinrich-Weltzien Roswitha 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDas heterogene klinische Erscheinungsbild, die häufig assoziierte Hypersensibilität mit erschwerter Anästhesierbarkeit sowie der reduzierte adhäsive Verbund von Zähnen mit Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) stellen die Zahnärzte bei der Behandlung der betroffenen Patienten vor diagnostische und therapeutische Herausforderungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden diese Herausforderungen diskutiert und spezifische Therapieansätze vorgeschlagen. Des Weiteren werden Faktoren dargelegt, die die Einschätzung der Prognose der von MIH betroffenen Zähne erleichtern.
Hypersensibilitäten bei Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation
(MIH)
Authors: Ehlers Vicky , Deschner James 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungHypersensibilitäten treten häufig bei Kindern mit
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) auf. Diese
Hypersensibilitäten beeinträchtigen das Essen und Trinken mit
kalten und heißen Nahrungsmitteln sowie das Zähneputzen und
führen folglich zu einer Einschränkung der
Lebensqualität dieser Kinder. Durch eine inadäquate
häusliche Mundhygiene kann ferner die Entstehung von Karies
begünstigt werden. Das Wissen über das Erkrankungsbild MIH und
die therapeutischen Optionen ist daher für Zahnmediziner, die Kinder als
Patienten betreuen, unerlässlich. Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen
Überblick über die aktuelle Studienlage hinsichtlich
prophylaktischer und therapeutischer Optionen im Zusammenhang mit der Behandlung
von Hypersensibilitäten bei MIH-Zähnen zu liefern und
aufzuzeigen, was für die Kieferorthopäden im Rahmen der
Betreuung von Kindern mit MIH zu beachten ist.
Autologe Brustrekonstruktion und lymphorekonstruktive Chirurgie
nach Mastektomie bei Mammakarzinom-assoziiertem Lymphödem
Authors: Hirche Christoph 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Lymphödem der oberen Extremität nach Mammakarzinom
führt unbehandelt durch chronisch-progredienten Gewebeumbau zu
signifikanten Einschränkungen von Lebensqualität und Funktion,
und kann mit Latenzzeit noch Jahre nach der initialen Tumorbehandlung auftreten.
Sowohl die alleinige autologe Brustrekonstruktion als auch die lymphatische
Chirurgie zur Behandlung des Lymphödems sind wirksam bei der Reduktion
von Volumen, und Umfang sowie funktionellen Beeinträchtigungen und
verbessern die lokale Immunkompetenz, Körperbild und -integrität
sowie Lebensqualität. Physiologische Verfahren, einschließlich
lymphovenöser Anastomsosen (LVA) und vaskularisierte
Lymphknotentransplantation (VLKT), adressieren die Neuordnung und Optimierung
des Lymphabstroms innerhalb der betroffenen Extremität. Bei Patientinnen
mit Mammakarzinom-assoziiertem Lymphödem nach Ablatio und geplantem
Brustaufbau bietet die autologe Brustrekonstruktion in Verbindung mit
lymphatischer Mikrochirurgie durch VLKT, LVA oder die Kombination beider
Verfahren die Option der ganzheitlichen und einzeitigen Wiederherstellung. Die
lokale Narbenlösung in der Axilla ist Teil des chirurgischen Konzepts
für die Rekrutierung von Armlymphkollektoren und Vorbereitung des
Empfängerbetts des VLK Transplanats. In diesem Artikel werden die
Indikationen, die präoperative Diagnostik, die Operationstechnik, die
Ergebnisse sowie Tipps und Tricks zur Durchführung der Kombination als
auch der einzelnen Verfahren dargestellt.
Muss es immer das Abdomen sein? – Alternative Lappen zur
mikrochirurgischen Brustrekonstruktion
Authors: Götzl Rebekka , Boos Anja M. , Beier Justus P. 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie DIEP- (Deep inferior epigastric Perforator) oder muskelsparende transverse
Rectus-abdominis-Myokutan-Lappenplastik (ms-TRAM) gilt als Gold-Standard in der
autologen Brustrekonstruktion bei post-Mastektomie Patientinnen. Einige
Patientinnen sind aus verschiedenen Gründen keine geeigneten
Kandidatinnen für eine Gewebeentnahme am Bauch. In diesen Fällen
stehen diverse andere Hebestellen am Oberschenkel (transverse und diagonale
myokutane musculus gracilis Lappenplastik, profunda artery perforator
Lappenplastik, lateral thigh perforator Lappenplastik), am Stamm
(Lumbalarterienperforator-Lappenplastik) und aus der Gesäßregion
(superiore und inferiore Glutealarterien und fasziokutane infragluteale
Lappenplastik) zu Verfügung. Dieser Artikel gibt einige Einblicke in die
Historie, die relevante Anatomie, die chirurgische Technik und neue Anwendungen
wie die Neurotisation alternativer Lappenplastiken zur autologen
Brustrekonstruktion.
Influence of CT metal artifact reduction on SPECT/CT quantification of bone scintigraphy – Retrospective study for selected types of metal implants
Authors: Kugler Amelie , Kuwert Torsten , Ritt Philipp , Grings Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim Implanted metal prostheses can cause severe artifacts in reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images. To reduce the diagnostic impact of these artifacts and improve attenuation correction in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), an algorithm of iterative metal artifact reduction (iMAR) for SPECT/CT systems was developed. The aims of this study were (a) to assess the difference in visual image quality by comparing CT and SPECT images reconstructed with and without iMAR and (b) to determine the influence of iMAR on quantitative 99mTc-uptake in SPECT/CT.
Methods This retrospective study includes 21 patients with implanted metal prostheses who underwent SPECT/CT bone scintigraphy. CT data were reconstructed with iMAR and without (noMAR) and were used for attenuation correction of SPECT data for xSPECT Quant and xSPECT Bone reconstruction. The effect of iMAR on image quality was evaluated by visual analysis and the effect on quantitative SPECT/CT was assessed by measuring HU values and absolute uptake values (kBq/mL) in volumes of interest (VOIs).
Results There was a significant reduction of visible metal artifacts with iMAR (p<0.01) in the CT images, but visual differences in the SPECT images were minor. The values of quantitative tracer uptake in VOIs near metal implants were lower for iMAR vs. noMAR xSPECT Quant (p<0.01). Only VOIs near metal showed significant differences in HU values, which were 14.6% lower for iMAR CT (p<0.01).
Conclusion The use of iMAR reduces metal artifacts in CT and improves the perceived image quality. Although in some cases a significant difference in the quantitative evaluation of SPECT/CT was observed, the influence of iMAR can be considered small in relation to other factors in the clinical setting.
The TMD-7 as a Brief Measure for Assessing Temporomandibular Disorder
Authors: Koufos Emily B. , Avila Harold C. , Eckert George , Stewart Kelton T. , Kroenke Kurt , Turkkahraman Hakan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this cross-sectional prospective study was to determine the internal consistency of the TMD-7, and compare prevalence of TMD symptoms in an adult population.
Materials and Methods Upon presenting to the orthodontic screening appointment, a total of 440 subjects (316 females and 124 males) were asked to complete the TMD-7 questionnaire. A total of 108 of the participants were later excluded from the study either due to the duplicate or missing responses. The final sample consisted of data from 332 participants (232 females and 100 males), aged between 18 and 64 (mean age: 42.9 ± 9.0) years.
Statistical Analysis Cronbach's α statistics were calculated to assess internal consistency. Comparisons between genders, among age categories, and between subjects with versus without prior orthodontic treatment were performed using Wilcoxon ranks sum and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Comparisons for differences in the individual TMD-7 item ratings were performed using Mantel–Haenszel chi-square tests for ordered categorical responses.
Results The calculated Cronbach's α for TMD-7 scale was 0.77. No statistically significant differences were found in the TMD-7 scale score or the individual TMD-7 item ratings between age categories (p = 0.993). Females had significantly higher TMD-7 scale score and higher ratings for headache, pain in jaw, pain in neck, pain in forehead, difficulty opening mouth, and difficulty while eating (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the TMD-7 scale score or the individual TMD-7 item ratings between subjects with versus without previous orthodontic treatment (p = 0.075).
Conclusion The TMD-7 tool has good internal consistency and can be used reliably for assessment of TMD symptoms in adults. The use of this tool revealed no significant differences between age groups or between subjects with or without previous orthodontic treatment. However, a significant female gender predisposition for TMD symptoms in the adulthood was determined.
Stemmed Versus Nonstemmed Tibia in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Similar Pattern of Aseptic Tibial Loosening in Obese Patients with Moderate Varus. 5-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mohammad Molham M. , Elesh Mohammed M. , El-Desouky Ihab I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObesity is linked to early tibial tray failure after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis (OA), especially in patients with preoperative varus. This study compared standard and stemmed tibiae TKAs in patients with class I and II obesity with varus deformity. Between April 2013 and June 2020, a prospective study was conducted including patients with end-stage OA, body mass index between 30 and 40 kg/m2, and varus <15 degrees. Patients were randomly assigned to TKAs with either standard or long-stemmed tibiae and evaluated 5 years after surgery using the Knee Society Scoring (KSS). The knee society and modified radiographic evaluation systems were used for radiological evaluation. In total, 264 TKAs were performed in 264 patients (134 in the standard group and 130 in the stemmed group). The mean preoperative hip–knee–ankle angles for the standard and stemmed groups were 8.2 ± 3.2 degrees/varus and 9 ± 2.9 degrees/varus, respectively (p = 0.2), which improved to 5.1 ± 3 degrees/valgus and 5 ± 3.5 degrees/valgus after surgery (p = 0.52). There was no statistically significant difference between the objective KSS (92 vs. 92.9; p = 0.84) and the functioning KSS (73.4 vs. 74.8; p = 0.28). There were no aseptic loosening cases or radiographic differences. In-group analysis revealed significant outcomes differences in both groups if preoperative varus was >10 degrees irrespective of the stem design (p < 0.0001). Complications occurred in two patients; one with a late infection and one had a stem-related tibial fracture. Standard tibia TKAs yielded comparable results in obese patients to long-stemmed tibias. No aseptic tibial loosening was observed regardless of stem type, and worse clinical outcomes were associated with greater varus.
Clinical trial registry: registered at http://www.researchregistry.com (researchregistry5717).Level of Evidence II; a prospective randomized trial.
Use of Tympanostomy T-Tube for Endoscopic Endonasal Marsupialization of Small Rathke's Cleft Cysts: A Case Series
Authors: Lazutkin Anna , Hachem Ralph Abi , Codd Patrick J. , Zomorodi Ali R. , Jang David W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives This article describes a novel technique implementing the use of a tympanostomy t-tube to provide long-term marsupialization of small Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs).
Design A retrospective review of electronic medical records was performed to collect demographic and clinical data on a series of four patients.
Setting Academic medical center.
Participants Four female patients (mean age of 34 years) underwent transsphenoidal endoscopic endonasal surgery for RCC. All four patients presented with headaches. Mean cyst size was 7 mm. Two of the four surgeries were revisions for RCC recurrence.
Main Outcome Measures Symptom resolution after surgery, duration of follow-up, and feasibility of the proposed technique.
Results Tympanostomy t-tube was used to marsupialize small RCCs (< 10 mm) for four patients. Three patients remained symptom-free with endoscopy and imaging showing patent t-tubes at 21 months' (range 20–24 months) follow-up. One patient experienced severe migraines immediately after surgery. Migraines were relieved after t-tube was removed 6 weeks after surgery.
Conclusion Tympanostomy t-tubes placed via an endoscopic endonasal approach can provide long-term marsupialization for small RCCs.
Update Ataxie: eine Koordinations- und Gleichgewichtsstörung
Authors: Brötz Doris 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungWas oft mit fahrigen Bewegungen zu Anfang der Erkrankung beginnt, führt bei den Betroffenen dazu, koordinierte Bewegungen immer mehr zu meiden und dann – auch durch dieses Vermeidungsverhalten – zu einem zunehmenden Verlust der Bewegungskontrolle. Mit Physiotherapie lässt sich die Symptomatik durch wiederholtes Üben koordinativ anspruchsvoller Bewegungs-abläufe verbessern.
Mineralisation and nitrification of biuret and urea nitrogen in two New Zealand forest soils
Authors: Xue Jianming , Clinton Peter W. , Sands Roger , Payn Tim W. 
Published: August 2022

Context Biuret has potential to improve tree growth when applied at high rates as a slow-release nitrogen (N) fertiliser. However, there is little comparative research into the transformation of biuret and urea-N in forest soils. Aims This study comparatively investigated the mineralisation, nitrification and immobilisation of biuret and urea-N in two forest soils (a sandy loam soil and a silt loam soil) to further evaluate the suitability of biuret as a slow-release N source. Methods A 112-day long soil C and N mineralisation incubation study was conducted following application of 0, 4.08, 40.8 and 408 mg N kg−1 soil of biuret (referred to as control, B4, B41 and B408) and urea (referred to as control, U4, U41 and U408). CO2-C, microbial biomass C and N, NH4+-N and NO3−-N were measured at six times (on Days 2, 7, 14, 28, 56 and 112) to quantify net mineralisation and nitrification. Key results In both soils, biuret (especially in B408) was slowly mineralised with a steady increase in soil NH4+-N while urea was readily hydrolysed with a sharp increase and subsequently considerable decrease in soil NH4+-N. B408 had less nitrification than U408 in both soils, especially during the first 56 days. Conclusions Due to the lower mineralisation, nitrification and greater immobilisation, more biuret-N remained in the soils compared to urea-N. Biuret could be used as a potential slow-release N fertiliser in forest soils. Implications The research findings could have important implications for future biuret fertiliser development for plantation forests.
The hyperfine magnetic fields and the effect of high pressure on the magnetic transition temperatures of the noncentrosymmetric FeRhGe2 compound (B20)
Authors: Salamatin D A , Sidorov V A , Surowiec Z , Bokov A V , Magnitskaya M V , Chtchelkachev N M , Wiertel M , Budzynski M , Tsvyashchenko A V 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hyperfine parameters and the pressure dependence of the magnetic transition temperatures of FeRhGe2 have been investigated. Sample has been prepared using high pressure—high temperature synthesis technique. FeRhGe2 consists of two B20 structure phases with close lattice constants. The phase separation stays constant in the temperature range 4–300 K. The magnetic transition temperatures

T

c
1

= 213 K and

T

c
2

= 135 K of FeRhGe2 slightly increases with pressure in the range 0–4.5 GPa. We have compared this pressure dependence with some others compounds in the family Fe

1
−
x

Rh
x
Ge. The two phases in FeRhGe2 have slightly different values of the hyperfine magnetic fields.
Using digital technologies to study the behavior of rubber balloons
Authors: Holovko Mykola , Kryzhanovskyi Serhii , Matsyuk Viktor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using digital technologies to study the behavior of rubber balloons. The experiment to study the behavior of balloons was presented in a new way using the Vernier measuring system, Logger Pro 3 software, Tracker and Google Sheets. This allowed to significantly optimize the work, reduce measurement time and increase the time required to calculate and analyze the results.
Automatic active balancing of rotating systems using real-time controlled magnetorheological fluids
Authors: Schreiner Valentin , Hegger Christian , Maas Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A major source of vibration in rotating systems is dynamic excitations due to an unbalanced mass. While the principle of balancing rotors is already state of the art, systems varying the mass distribution during operation are rare. A promising approach for balancing is the targeted displacement of magnetic fluids controlled by magnetic fields, which is the subject of this work. Until today only a few concepts have been developed that use magnetic fluids manipulated by a magnetic field for balancing. While achieving satisfying results in balancing, the proposed systems are rather complex for example due to the use of slip rings, and depend on continuous feeding of electric energy to maintain the balanced state. In this contribution an advantageous design is presented to reduce cost and complexity of active real-time balancing systems. The proposed design requires only one stationary coil to selectively move the magnetic fluid in situ and to achieve the state of mass balance. With the support of a model-based approach and multiphysics simulations, the system behavior is analyzed, optimized and finally validated by experimental investigations.
The first observation of the hot ion mode at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak
Authors: Kurskiev G.S. , Miroshnikov I.V. , Sakharov N.V. , Gusev V.K. , Petrov Yu.V. , Minaev V.B. , Balachenkov I.M. , Bakharev N.N. , Chernyshev F.V. , Goryainov V.Yu. , Kavin A.A. , Khromov N.A. , Kiselev E.O. , Krikunov S.V. , Lobanov K.M. , Melnik A.D. , Novokhatskii A.N. , Filippov S.V. , Zhiltsov N.S. , Mineev A.B. , Mukhin E.E. , Patrov M.I. , Petrov A.V. , Ponomarenko A.M. , Solokha V.V. , Shulyatiev K.D. , Shchegolev P.B. , Skrekel O.M. , Telnova A.Yu. , Tkachenko E.E. , Tukhmeneva E.A. , Tokarev V.A. , Tolstyakov S.Yu. , Varfolomeev V.I. , Voronin A.V. , Yashin A.Yu. , Solovey V.A. , Zhilin E.G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hot ion mode was recently achieved at the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak when the toroidal magnetic field was as high as 0.9 T and plasma current 0.35 MA. The injection of two neutral beams with a total power of 0.7 MW and an energy of 30 keV into a plasma with major radius 0.36 m and minor radius 0.22 m (aspect ratio 1.6) made it possible to heat the plasma ions up to 4 keV, while electron density in the plasma center was as high as 8 × 1019 m−3. The achievement of high temperatures became possible due to the good thermal insulation of the plasma.
High granularity resistive Micromegas for high particle rates environment
Authors: Della Pietra M. , Alviggi M. , Camerlingo M.T. , Di Donato C. , Di Nardo R. , Franchellucci S. , Iengo P. , Iodice M. , Petrucci F. , Sekhniaidze G. , Sessa M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The new era of particle physics experiments is moving towards new upgrades of present accelerators (Large Hadron Collider at CERN) and the design of high energy (tens/hundreds TeV scale) and very high intensity new particle accelerators (FCC-ee/hh, EIC, Muon Collider). Cost effective, high efficiency particle detection in a high background and high radiation environment is fundamental to accomplish their physics program. We present a new high granularity resistive Micromegas detector capable to ensure full efficient and stable operation and a good tracking capabilities up to particle fluxes of 10 MHz/cm2. A summary of the detector performances, measured by mean of high intensity X-ray, muon and pion sources, is reported, together with most recent results from test beam activities.
Co-optimization of robotic design and skill inspired by human hand evolution
Authors: Yang Bangchu , Jiang Li , Bao Guanjun , Yu Haoyong , Zhou Xuanyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During evolution of the human hand, evolutionary morphology has been closely related to behavior in complicated environments. Numerous researchers have revealed that learned skills have affected hand evolution. Inspired by this phenomenon, a co-optimization approach for underactuated hands is proposed that takes grasping skills and structural parameters into consideration. In our proposal, hand design, especially the underactuated mechanism, can be parameterized and shared with all the local agents. These mechanical parameters can be updated globally by the independent agents. In addition, we also train human-like ‘feeling’ of grasping: grasping stability is estimated in advance before the object drops, which can speed up grasping training. In this paper, our method is instantiated to address the optimization problem for the torsion spring mechanical parameters of an underactuated robotic hand with multi-actuators, and then the optimized results are transferred to the actual physical robotic hand to test the improvement of grasping. This collaborative evolution process leverages the dexterity of the multi-actuators and the adaptivity of the underactuated mechanism.
Observation of low-frequency oscillation in argon helicon discharge
Authors: ZHU Wanying , CUI Ruilin , HAN Ruoyu , HE Feng , OUYANG Jiting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present here a kind of low-frequency oscillation in argon helicon discharge with a half helical antenna. This time-dependent instability shows a global quasi-periodic oscillation of plasma density and electron temperature, with a typical frequency of a few tens of Hz which increases with external magnetic field as well as radiofrequency (RF) power. The relative oscillation amplitude decreases with magnetic field and RF power, but the rising time and pulse width do not change significantly under different discharge conditions. The oscillation can only be observed in some specific conditions of low magnetic fields and low RF power when the gas flows in from one end of the discharge area and out from another end. This global instability is suggested to be attributed to the pressure instability of neutral depletion, which is the result of compound action of gas depletion by heating expansion and gas replenishment from upstream. There are two kinds of oscillations, large and small amplitude oscillations, occurring in different discharge modes. This study could be a good verification of and complement to earlier experiments. This kind of spontaneous pulse phenomenon is also helpful in realizing a pulsing plasma source without a pulsed power supply.
Producing Change to Understand the Social Determinants of Health: The Promise of Experiments for Social Epidemiology
Authors: Berkman Lisa F , Avendano Mauricio , Courtin Emilie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this commentary, invited for the 100th anniversary of the Journal, we discuss the addition of randomized experiments, along with natural experiments that emulate randomized trials using observational data, as designs in the social epidemiologist’s toolbox. These approaches transform the way we define and ask questions about social exposures. They compel us to ask questions about how well-defined interventions change a social exposure that might lead to changes in health. As such, experiments are of unique public health and policy significance. We argue that they are a powerful approach to advance our understanding of how well-defined changes in social exposures impact health, and how credible social policy reforms may be instrumental to address health inequalities. We focus on two research designs. The first is a “pure” randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which the investigator defines and randomly assigns the intervention. The second is a natural experiment, which exploits the fact that policies or interventions in the real world often involve an element of random assignment, emulating an RCT. To give the reader our bottom line: While acknowledging their limits, we continue to be very excited about the promise of RCTs and natural experiments to advance social epidemiology.