bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ash deposition and heat transfer characteristics on the convective heating surface of calcium‐rich Zhundong coal combustion in a 0.4‐MWth facility
Authors: He Xiang , Jin Jing , Yang Haoran , Lv Weizhi , Ma Dafu , Shi Hongfei , Chen Duanyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThermal power plants in Zhundong area of Xinjiang equip Π‐typed boiler widely in recent years. With the increasing ratio of Zhundong coal in blended fuels, the slagging is strengthened. And the boiler shutdown was caused by ash deposition on the convective heating surface frequently. In order to study the mechanism of this problem, a 0.4‐MWth pilot‐scale facility was built and expected to study ash deposition and heat transfer characteristics on the convective heating surface of 100% burning calcium‐rich Zhundong coal. Thermodynamic model calculation was implemented on the heat transfer characteristics of two groups of tube panels, on which ash samples were collected after experiments. Then, simulation calculation was applied by software for verification. The ash samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X‐ray detector (EDX). FactSage 7.3 thermochemical software package and a high‐temperature viscometer were also used to figure out the viscosity‐temperature characteristics. Results showed that a “step change” of heat transfer characteristics occurred when the flue gas temperature of inlet tube panel #2 approached to 1000°C. After the “step change,” the heat transfer characteristics became stable. The ash deposition mainly consisted of silicon‐calcium compounds of tube panel #1, while in contrast, that of tube panel #2 consisted of gehlenite, CaSO4, and Na2SO4. The ratio of liquid phase in raw coal ash samples increased sharply when the flue gas temperature exceeded 1030°C. With the increase of surface temperature of fouling tube panel, the CaSO4 would be decomposed to release CaO, which reacted with gehlenite or other compounds to form low temperature eutectics. The fouling of ash would transfer to slagging and lead to the deterioration of ash deposition, which induced the formation of “step change” during the experiment.
Developmental profiles of children at risk for autism spectrum disorder at school entry
Authors: Ip Angie , Poon Brenda T. , Hanley Gillian , Guhn Martin , Oberlander Tim F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFunctional abilities in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are highly heterogenous, and impairments can overlap with non‐ASD neurodevelopmental disorders. We compared the profiles of children assessed for ASD with and without an ASD diagnosis using a retrospective cohort study of 101,739 children born in British Columbia (2000–2008). The children were grouped into the following five comparison groups: (1) ASD− (n = 1131), (2) ASD+ (n = 1583), (3) Ministry of Education designated ASD+ (n = 654), (4) special need other than ASD (n = 11,663), and (5) typically developing (n = 86,708). Five developmental domains were assessed using the Early Development Instrument. ANCOVA was used to control for covariates, Tukey's HSD test for multiple comparisons, and Cohen's d for effect size. The ASD− group had slightly higher scores than the ASD+ group with small to medium effect sizes in all domains (d = 0.20–0.48). The ASD− group had slightly higher scores than the Ministry of Education ASD+ group in only three domains with small effect sizes (d = 0.21–0.25). The ASD− group had lower scores in all domains compared to the typically developing group with large effect sizes in all domains (d = 1.12–1.77). The ASD− group received less education funding at school entry than both ASD+ groups. Overall, only small to medium differences in development were detected between the ASD− and ASD+ groups. While these children differ diagnostically, they share similar functional profiles and have substantially more difficulties than typically developing children. Therefore, differences in levels of support at school entry raise critical questions of equity.Lay SummaryComparison of children in British Columbia who have been referred for an autism assessment, with or without a diagnosis, shows similarities in their functional and developmental profiles in kindergarten. Furthermore, both groups of children have more difficulties than typically developing children. However, children who have been referred for assessment without an autism diagnosis receive less financial support at school entry, raising important questions on equity.
The integrated stress response in the induction of mutant KRAS lung carcinogenesis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications
Authors: Koromilas Antonis E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe integrated stress response (ISR) is a key determinant of tumorigenesis in response to oncogenic forms of stress like genotoxic, proteotoxic and metabolic stress. ISR relies on the phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2 to promote the translational and transcriptional reprogramming of gene expression in stressed cells. While ISR promotes tumor survival under stress, its hyperactivation above a level of tolerance can also cause tumor death. The tumorigenic function of ISR has been recently demonstrated for lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) with KRAS mutations. ISR mediates the translational repression of the dual‐specificity phosphatase DUSP6 to stimulate ERK activity and LUAD growth. The significance of this finding is highlighted by the strong anti‐tumor responses of ISR inhibitors in pre‐clinical LUAD models. Elucidation of the mechanisms of ISR action in LUAD progression via cell‐autonomous and immune regulatory mechanisms will provide a better understanding of its tumorigenic role to fully exploit its therapeutic potential in the treatment of a deadly form of cancer.
Validation and scalability of homemade polycaprolactone macrobeads grafted with thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) for mesenchymal stem cell expansion and harvesting
Authors: Nguyen Linh T. B. , Baudequin Timothée , Cui Zhanfeng , Ye Hua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) macrobeads were prepared by an oil‐in‐water (o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as an emulsifier and conjugated to poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) to be used as cell carriers with noninvasive cell detachment properties (thermo‐response). Following previous studies with PCL‐PNIPAAm carriers, our objectives were to confirm the successful conjugation on homemade macrobeads and to show the advantages of homemade production over commercial beads to control morphological, biological, and fluidization properties. The effects of PCL concentration on the droplet formation and of flow rate and PVA concentration on the size of the beads were demonstrated. The size of the beads, all spherical, ranged from 0.5 to 3.7 mm with four bead categories based on production parameters. The morphology and size of the beads were observed by scanning electron microscopy to show surface roughness enhancing cell attachment and proliferation compared to commercial beads. The functionalization steps with PNIPAAm were then characterized and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion spectroscopy. PNIPAAm‐grafted macrobeads allowed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to spread and grow for up to 21 days. By reducing the temperature to 25°C, the MSCs were successfully detached from the PCL‐PNIPAAm beads as observed with fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we validated the scalability potential of both macrobeads production and conjugation with PCL, to produce easily kilograms of thermo‐responsive macrocarriers in a lab environment. This could help moving such approaches towards clinically and industrially relevant processes were cell expansion is needed at very large scale.
Negative correlation between IL‐1β, IL‐12 and TNF‐γ, and cortisol levels in patients with panic disorder
Authors: Fernández‐Serrano Ana Belén , Moya‐Faz Francisco José , Giner Alegría Cesar Augusto , Fernández Rodríguez Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionChronic exposure to stress is a major risk factor in anxiety disorders (ADs) and can be accompanied by an altered microbiome–gut–brain axis and a compromised immune system. In recent years, the study of inflammatory processes in AD has gained special attention. Continued stress causes the reactivity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, the alteration of the intestinal microbiota and the consequent release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, affecting the sensitivity to stress and the similar behavior of anxiety.MethodThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the interrelationships between measures of proinflammatory cytokines and cortisol in patients with panic disorder (PD).ResultsThe main results of the correlation analysis revealed that the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐12, and tumor necrosis factor gamma were negatively correlated with cortisol scores (area under the curve with respect to the ground).ConclusionsThese results suggest that the inflammatory response is associated with the reactivity of the HPA axis in patients with PD and may influence the maintenance of anxiety behavior.
Design and Synthesis of 6‐O‐Phosphorylated Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides to Inhibit Amyloid β Aggregation
Authors: Uchimura Kenji , Nishitsuji Kazuchika , Chiu Li‐Ting , Ohgita Takashi , Saito Hiroyuki , Allain Fabrice , Gannedi Veeranjaneyulu , Wong Chi‐Huey , Hung Shang‐Cheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDysregulation of amyloidogenic proteins and their abnormal processing and deposition in tissues cause systemic and localized amyloidosis. Formation of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils that deposit as amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains is an earliest pathological hallmark. The polysulfated heparan sulfate (HS)/heparin (HP) is one of the non‐protein components of Aβ deposits that not only modulates Aβ aggregation, but also acts as a receptor for Aβ fibrils to mediate their cytotoxicity. Interfering with the interaction between HS/HP and Aβ could be a therapeutic strategy to arrest amyloidosis. Here we have synthesized the 6‐O‐phosphorylated HS/HP oligosaccharides and reported their competitive effects on the inhibition of HP‐mediated Aβ fibril formation in vitro using a thioflavin T fluorescence assay and a tapping mode atomic force microscopy.
Free‐wall perforation of the left ventricle after acute myocardial infarction complicated with pericardial tamponade that mimicked ascending aortic dissection: A case report
Authors: Sugiyama Kayo , Tanabe Subaru , Watanuki Hirotaka , Tochii Masato , Futamura Yasuhiro , Makino Satoshi , Matsuyama Katsuhiko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLife‐threatening cardiac events may be misdiagnosed as acute aortic dissection because of notable symptom mimicry. We report the case of a 72‐year‐old male patient with presentations presumed to be of aortic origin. However, surgery revealed posterior free‐wall perforation in the left ventricle caused by the occlusion of an obtuse marginal branch.
Lateral luxation: Is root resorption an unavoidable complication?
Authors: Kallel Ines , Lagha Malek , Moussaoui Eya , Douki Nabiha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLateral luxation is defined as a traumatic displacement of a tooth in any direction other than axially. A laterally luxated tooth is often immobile because of its bony lock. It produces a high metallic sound during percussion. Pulp sensibility testing is likely to be negative during the initial follow‐up. However, the tooth should be monitored until a definitive pulp diagnosis is made. Treatment includes local anesthesia, suturing soft tissue injuries, manual repositioning of the luxated tooth, and stabilization with a flexible splint for 4 weeks. Given the risk of pulp necrosis following lateral luxation, particularly in teeth with radiographically closed apices and severe displacement, an immediate (prophylactic) root canal treatment is recommended. The objective of this work was to report and discuss the management of a case of lateral luxation involving a permanent tooth treated by reduction, followed by contention with 0.4 steel wire and composite resin, and endodontic treatment, and which was complicated by root resorption 3 months later. We also highlighted the possible complications following lateral luxation, especially root resorption.
Synthesis of Layered Double Hydroxides and TiO2 Supported Metal Nanoparticles for Electrocatalysis
Authors: Koyejo Adefunke O. , Kesavan Lokesh , Damlin Pia , Salomäki Mikko , Kvarnström Carita 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the present work, solution‐phase synthesis was employed to prepare two sets of catalysts with different transition metals as active sites. One set contained Au or Pd supported on TiO2 (Au−TiO2, Pd−TiO2), whereas the other set contained layered double hydroxides (NiFe‐LDH and CuFe‐LDH). The electrocatalytic performance of these composite materials was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using a model compound 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP). Composite materials were characterized by various analytical techniques to gain insight into the catalysts active sites. The morphology and structure of the prepared samples were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission scanning electron microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscope. Metal nanoparticles loading on TiO2 was measured by inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrometry. CV measurements were performed in acetonitrile solution containing 0.1 m tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6) and 1 mm 4‐NP. Among all dioxides (Au−TiO2, Pd−TiO2) and hydroxides (NiFe‐LDH and CuFe‐LDH) studied, Pd−TiO2 shows the lowest onset potential (−0.32 V vs. Ag/AgCl) for the electrocatalytic reduction of 4‐NP. This is the first comparative study of such materials for 4‐NP electrocatalysis in aprotic solvent, thus demonstrating the suitability of dioxide and hydroxide based materials as electrocatalysts.
Time and Atom Economical Regio‐ and Chemoselective Radical Cyclization of Unactivated 1,6‐Enynes Under Metal‐ and Oxidant‐Free Conditions
Authors: Mutra Mohana Reddy , Li Jing , Chen Yu‐Ting , Wang Jeh‐Jeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe developed time‐atom economic regio‐ and chemoselective sulfonyl radical triggered 5‐exo‐dig cyclization of unactivated 1,6‐enynes with sulfonyl halides under metal, additive‐free reaction conditions to achieve highly substituted five‐membered heterocyclic compounds. This transformation creates three new bonds, such as C−SO2, C−C, and active C−I/Br bonds. Importantly, one‐pot protocols produce desired products directly from sodium sulfinates and have an additional advantage such as minimising chemical waste, saving time, and simplifying practical aspects compared to existing protocols.
Asymmetric 1,2‐Carbamoyl Rearrangement of Lithiated Chiral Oxazolidine Carbamates and Diastereoselective Synthesis of α‐Hydroxy Amides
Authors: Ghosh Arun K. , Basu Amartyo J. , Hsu Che‐Sheng , Yadav Monika 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAsymmetric 1,2‐carbamoyl rearrangement of lithiated 2‐alkenyl carbamates has been investigated. Deprotonation of chiral 2‐alkenyl oxazolidine carbamates with sec‐butyllithium in ether at −78 °C followed by warming of the resulting 1‐lithio‐2‐alkenyl derivatives to room temperature resulted in 1,2‐carbamoyl rearrangement to provide α‐hydroxy amides. The rearrangement proceeded with excellent diastereoselectivity and in good to excellent isolated yield of the α‐hydroxy amide derivatives. The substrate scope of the reaction was investigated with a variety of 2‐alkenyl and benzyl oxazolidine carbamates. A stereochemical model is provided to explain the stereochemical outcome associated with the rearrangement. Acid‐catalyzed removal of the chiral oxazolidine afforded α‐hydroxy acid in high optical purity.
Donor Acceptor Complexes between the Chalcogen Fluorides SF2, SeF2, SeF4and TeF4and an N‐Heterocyclic Carbene
Authors: Komorr Pascal , Olaru Marian , Hupf Emanuel , Mebs Stefan , Beckmann Jens 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe majority of binary chalcogen fluorides are fiercely reactive and extremely difficult to handle. Here, we show that access to crystalline donor‐acceptor complexes between chalcogen difluorides (sulfur, selenium) and tetrafluorides (selenium, tellurium) with the N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) 1,3‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (IPr) is possible conveniently and safely without the need to generate the highly unstable EF2(E=S, Se) or the very toxic and corrosive SeF4.
University experiments on the absorption spectroelectrochemistry and the surface‐enhanced Raman effect of methylviogen on a gold electrode
Authors: Habekost Achim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRedoxreaktionen auf Goldsiebdruckelektroden (SPE) können elektrochemisch mit zyklischer Voltammetrie (Cyclovoltammetrie, CV) und spektroskopisch mit der optischen und der Ramanspektroskopie gemessen werden. Die Kombination aus CV und optischer oder Raman Spektroskopie, die sog. Absorpto‐ oder Ramanvoltammetrie, bietet neben elektrochemischen Informationen über Redoxreaktionen an Elektroden auch Informationen über die Änderung der optischen und Schwingungseigenschaften der beteiligten Stoffe. Der didaktische Hintergrund der Arbeit ist die Hypothese, dass die Kombination der beiden unterschiedlichen Gebiete der physikalischen Chemie dazu beitragen kann, Elektrodenreaktionen besser zu verstehen. Die Ramanspektroskopie ist eine leistungsfähige Technik zum Nachweis von sehr geringen Konzentrationen des Analyten auf Elektroden (im Bereich von Picomol), wenn diese durch elektrochemische Maßnahmen oder durch Verwendung von entsprechenden Nanoteilchen modifiziert werden. Eine einfache elektrochemische in‐situ Modifikation führt zum oberflächenverstärkten Ramaneffekt (EC‐SERS). Damit können chemische Reaktionen anhand der Änderung von Schwingungszuständen charakterisiert werden, ohne die manchmal langwierige Herstellung von Metall‐Nanopartikeln als Substrat für SERS.
Automated Search For The Low‐Lying Energy Isomers of Rhamnolipids and Related Organometallic Complexes**
Authors: Dobler Leticia , Oliveira Ricardo R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRhamnolipids (RMLs) are a widely studied biosurfactant due to their high biodegradability and environmentally friendly production. However, the knowledge of the structure‐property relationship of RMLs is imperative for the design of highly efficient applications. Aiming to a better understanding of it at a molecular level, we performed an automated search for low energy structures of the most abundant RMLs, namely, Rha‐C10, Rha‐C10‐C10, Rha‐Rha‐C10 and Rha‐Rha‐C10‐C10 and their respective C2‐congeners. Besides that, selected neutral metal complexes were also considered. We found that several low‐energy congeners have internal hydrogen bonds. Moreover, geometries in “closed” conformation were always more stable than “open” ones. Finally, the energy diferences between open and closed conformations of K+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes were found to be 23.5 kcal mol−1, 62.8 kcal mol−1, 24.3 kcal mol−1 and 41.6 kcal mol−1, respectively, indicating a huge structural reorganization after the complex formation.
Molecular Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping in Human Complex Diseases
Authors: Olayinka Oluwatosin A. , O'Neill Nicholas K. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Wang Gao , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for molecular traits from chromatin to metabolites (i.e., xQTLs) provides insight into the locations and effect modes of genetic variants that influence these molecular phenotypes and the propagation of functional consequences of each variant. xQTL studies indirectly interrogate the functional landscape of the molecular basis of complex diseases, including the impact of non‐coding regulatory variants, the tissue specificity of regulatory elements, and their contribution to disease by integrating with genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). We summarize a variety of molecular xQTL studies in human tissues and cells. In addition, using the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) as an example, we describe the ADSP xQTL project, a collaborative effort across the ADSP Functional Genomics Consortium (ADSP‐FGC). The project's ultimate goal is a reference map of Alzheimer's‐related QTLs using existing datasets from multiple omics layers to help us study the consequences of genetic variants identified in the ADSP. xQTL studies enable the identification of the causal genes and pathways in GWAS loci, which will likely aid in the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for complex diseases. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Contingent view on the relationship between proactive environmental strategy and corporate performance: Toward stakeholder engagement
Authors: Li Donghong , Liao Yi‐Chuan , Ma Pengcheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSustainability issues have become an integral part of business strategies, but we are yet to fully understand the relationship between environmentalism and performance. Because of prior studies generating inconsistent empirical results, this study tests the proposition that the relationship between a proactive corporate environmental strategy and a firm's performance depends heavily on the nature of the organization's important stakeholders. The stakeholder relationships tested included government relationships, product–customer relationships, and collaborations with suppliers. Survey data from the managers of 405 Chinese firms were analyzed. The results showed that the relationship between a proactive environmental strategy and firm performance varies with the level of the firm‐government relationship, and product strategy.
The effects of prenatal stress on neural responses to infant cries in expectant mothers and fathers
Authors: Peoples Sarah G. , Lowell Amanda F. , Bunderson Madison , Bartz Cody , Yip Sarah W. , Rutherford Helena J.V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe perinatal period is characterized by distinct neurobiological and psychological changes initiated prenatally, which may both facilitate postpartum caregiving and increase vulnerability to stress. Parents need to adapt to the high demands of caregiving, which include responding to salient infant cues, such as infant cries. Therefore, assessing the impact of prenatal stress exposure on parents’ neural processing of infant cries may elucidate mechanisms conferring early risk for detrimental perinatal outcomes. Using event‐related potentials, we examined whether prenatal perceived stress affected neural markers of perceptual (N1, P2) and attentional (LPP) processes elicited by high‐ and low‐distress infant cries in expectant mothers (n = 38) and fathers (n = 30). Results evidenced that prenatal perceived stress impacted parents’ sustained attentional processing (LPP) of infant cries, but not early perceptual responses (N1, P2). Specifically, higher levels of prenatal perceived stress were associated with a greater LPP response to low‐distress, but not high‐distress, infant cries. There were no parental sex differences in prenatal perceived stress or neural responses to infant cries. Increased attentional processing of low‐distress cries in highly stressed parents may reflect uncertainty regarding infant distress level, thereby requiring more attentional resources. Overall, our results suggest that prenatal stress impacts processing of infant cues, even before birth.