bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Економічні наслідки безумовного базового доходу під час пандемії COVID-19
Authors: Чімишенко С. М. , Сугак Т. М. 
Published: January 2022

В статті визначено поняття безумовного базового доходу, вивчені його особливості та аналізується доцільність запровадження виплати безумовного базового доходу та виплат працівникам і власникам бізнесу, що постраждав внаслідок карантинних обмежень під час пандемії COVID-19 на прикладі деяких країн світу. Розглянутий досвід різних країн, які проводили експерименти із запровадження зазначених виплат. Визначені позитивні і негативні наслідки експериментів із запровадження безумовного базового доходу, а також досліджені ризики виплат працівникам і власникам бізнесу, що постраждав внаслідок карантинних обмежень. Сформульовані характерні ознаки безумовного базового доходу і виплат для підтримки бізнесу, який постраждав внаслідок запровадження обмежувальних карантинних заходів. В процесі дослідження виокремлено потенційні негативні зміни в суспільно-економічному житті держави від використання цих інструментів. Стаття містить матеріали прикладного характеру, що підкреслює практичність та необхідність дослідження безумовного базового доходу. На основі опрацьованого матеріалу запропоновано розглядати безумовний базовий дохід як інструмент публічного управління у сфері соціального захисту населення. Зроблений висновок щодо перспектив застосування практики виплати безумовного базового доходу, а також ефективності виплат для підтримки бізнесу, який постраждав внаслідок запровадження обмежувальних карантинних заходів під час пандемії COVID-19.
Теоретичний акцепт зелених закупівель та їх роль у ефективному використанні державних ресурсів
Authors: Грабчук І. Ф. , Бугайчук В. В. , Вишневська Н. М. 
Published: January 2022

В статті розглядається проблематика активізації здійснення зелених закупівель, як найефективнішого інструмента вирішення економічних та екологічних проблем в Україні та загалом у світі. На авторське переконання сутність «зелених закупівель» зводиться до придбання державою за найнижчою ціною продукції або послуг, які відповідають екологічним стандартам, мають відповідне маркування, що в кінцевому підсумку забезпечує економію витрачання державних коштів. Відмічається, що на державному та глобальному рівні необхідно створити преференції еко-продукції та послугам, що дозволить зменшити негативний вплив на навколишнє середовище. За даними державних закупівель, найбільшим попитом користуються продукти харчування, напої, тютюн, нафтопродукти, паливо, електроенергія та інші джерела енергії, будівельна продукція (крім електроапаратури), медичне обладнання, фармацевтична продукція та засоби особистої гігієни. Аналіз ефективності державних закупівель, дає можливість стверджувати, що за державними закупівлями витримується принцип ефективності, основою якого є максимальна економія державних ресурсів. Разом з тим, організатором торгів значна частка закупівель була відхилена. Причиною стали невідповідність якості товарів і послуг, ціни на них та невідповідність умовам представлення тендерної документації. Вирішення економіко-математичної моделі доводить, що вирішення проблеми підвищення ефективності використання державних коштів за здійснення зелених закупівель є можливим за зменшення рівня вимог і скарг до якості продукції та ціни на неї. Таким чином, державні закупівлі мають проводитися не лише для досягнення функціональної мети закупівлі, але й сприяти досягненню цілей Стратегії сталого розвитку України до 2030 р. з охорони навколишнього середовища за розвитку конкуренції, прозорості та відкритості даного процесу, включаючи ефективну систему контролю.
Relationship between CD-8 Expression to Treatment Response in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patient After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang
Authors: Utama Denny Satria , Eriza  , Belly Sutopo Wijaya  , Erial Bahar  
Published: January 2022

Background. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignancy in head and neck in Indonesia with 19,943 new cases in 2020 resulting 13,399 deaths. Lymphocytes are cells that play a role in the anti-cancer immune response, especially CD-8 T-cells. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is chemotherapy given before radiotherapy that aims to kill primary tumors and micrometastasis tumors. This study aims to find out the relationship of CD-8 expression to treatment response in NPC undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang.
Methods. This study is an analytical observational research study on a retrospective cohort basis. Data collection from medical records using total sampling in 15 patients pilot study of NPC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and conducted CD-8 examination at ORLHNS polyclinic Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang from December 2018 to December 2019 that met the criteria of inclusion and exclusion.
Results. From 15 samples, the average CD-8 test result before neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 24.54 ng/μL and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 193.56 ng/μL. There was a tendency to increase the average CD-8 from before to after completion of neoadjuvan chemotherapy with a statistically significant difference of p =0.001. ROC analysis found CD-8 cut off points is 23.76 ng/μL with an area below the curve is 0.667. There were no significant relationships between CD-8 to performance status and treatment response with p values of 0.289 and 0.219, respectively.
Conclusions. There was a significant change between CD-8 before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with increased CD-8 tendencies and trends from before to after 6 series neoadjuvant chemotherapy with CD-8 cut off points is 23.76 ng/μL. In this study there has not been a significant relationships between CD-8 to performance status and treatment response in NPC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
The forest, the trees, and the leaves across adulthood: Age-related changes on a visual search task containing three-level hierarchical stimuli
Authors: Bouhassoun Sabrina , Poirel Nicolas , Hamlin Noah , Doucet Gaelle E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSelecting relevant visual information in complex scenes by processing either global information or local parts helps us act efficiently within our environment and achieve goals. A global advantage (faster global than local processing) and global interference (global processing interferes with local processing) comprise an evidentiary global precedence phenomenon in early adulthood. However, the impact of healthy aging on this phenomenon remains unclear. As such, we collected behavioral data during a visual search task, including three-levels hierarchical stimuli (i.e., global, intermediate, and local levels) with several hierarchical distractors, in 50 healthy adults (26 younger (mean age: 26 years) and 24 older (mean age: 62 years)). Results revealed that processing information presented at the global and intermediate levels was independent of age. Conversely, older adults were slower for local processing compared to the younger adults, suggesting lower efficiency to deal with visual distractors during detail-oriented visual search. Although healthy older adults continued exhibiting a global precedence phenomenon, they were disproportionately less efficient during local aspects of information processing, especially when multiple visual information was displayed. Our results could have important implications for many life situations by suggesting that visual information processing is impacted by healthy aging, even with similar visual stimuli objectively presented.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers Attending Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Afridi Jahanzeb khan , Karim Rashida , Khan Adnan , Khan Bilal , Ullah Anwar , Afridi Mukhtar 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To determine knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding exclusive breastfeeding among mothers attending tertiary care hospitals.
METHODOLOGY:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics in Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A total of 162 mothers were selected who were practicing breastfeeding of ages between 20 to 35 years, having a full-term baby of age up to 6 months old. The data is collected through a pre-planned questionnaire and then was analyzed using statistics version 24.0. The duration of the study was from 1st June 2020 to 30th October 2020.
RESULTS:
The results showed that no significant association was found between age groups, socio-economic status regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice (p>0.05). However, there was a significant difference between knowledge, attitude, and practice with respect to educational status (p<0.05). 123 (73.21%) mothers had unsatisfactory; whereas 39 (24.07%) mothers had excellent knowledge regarding breastfeeding. 39 (27.07%) of breast-feeding mothers had a positive attitude towards breastfeeding. 123 (73.21%) women showed a negative response regarding the practice of breastfeeding.
CONCLUSION:
Most of the mothers didn’t have adequate knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice. As a result, it is suggested that media can be used as a medium to educate women about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF).
Determination of Most Frequent Emergencies in Patients with Fixed and Removable Orthodontic Appliances at Tertiary Care Dental Hospital
Authors: Shah Syed Salman , Syed Kawish , Ul islam Zafar , Adil Shahab 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the frequency of emergencies in patients with fixed and removable orthodontic appliances at tertiary care dental hospital.
METHODOLOGY:
A questionnaire was designed for this descriptive cross-sectional study to be filled by the clinician (L3/L4 FCPS resident) at the end of addressing every orthodontic emergency. Sampling was done under consecutive non-probability protocols. Descriptive statistics were applied to determine the frequency of different orthodontic emergencies, and Pearson’s chi-square test was applied to determine association of emergencies with gender and etiology of emergency (patient related vs operator related). Data was analyzed on SPSS version 20.
RESULTS:
A total of 175 patients reported with orthodontic emergencies. The sample comprised 38.3% males and 61.7% females. Most frequent orthodontic emergency reported was deboned brackets in fixed appliances, while the most common emergency in removable appliances was traumatic PNAM. A statistically significant association (Pearson’s Chi Square=4.74, Cramer’s V=0.165, p=0.029) was seen for removable and fixed appliance emergencies with males and females.
CONCLUSION:
Most frequent fixed appliance orthodontic emergencies were deboned brackets while for removable appliance emergencies were trauma due to PNAM. Emergencies with removable appliances were mostly due to the operator related factors, while in fixed appliances patient related factors were dominating.
Smart-Contracts in the digital economy: Contractual regulation and dispute resolution
Authors: Sinitsyn S. A. , Diakonova M. O. , Chursina T. I. 
Published: January 2022

This article has been prepared for the research purpose of identifying, disclosing, and justifying certain trends in the development of civil law and procedures in the context of the spread of smart contract practices and the expansion of their spheres of application. At the moment, there is no uniform approach to choosing an optimal form for the legal regulation of smart contracts within the system of contract law in modern legal systems or international law; meanwhile, globalization and the digitalization of the economy imply the growth of cross-border transactions. The emergence of smart contracts is due to the development of e-commerce, in which the parties’ interactions are carried out electronically instead of in physical exchanges or direct physical contact. Smart contracts gaining popularity in circulation are based on two interrelated elements: firstly, they eliminate a person’s direct participation in some or all cases of executing the agreement using an automated code designed for execution without reference to the intentions of the contracting parties after publication; secondly, they make use of decentralized blockchain technology, and also provide automatic code execution without any party’s potential intervention, so as to eliminate or reduce the self-control and third-party control of the commitment.This study examines the content, conclusion, validity, protection of rights and legitimate interests of the parties, interpretation, and legal nature of smart contracts. The research materials used foreign experience in resolving disputes from smart contracts on digital platforms (Kleros, JUR, Aragon Network Justice, OpenCourt, OpenBazaar), as well as domestic and foreign literature on smart contracts. This research has been prepared based on general (deduction, dialectical analysis, intersectoral relations of objects) and specialized (comparative-legal, economic-legal) methods of scientific experimentation.The authors conclude that there are no grounds for considering a smart contract as a new classification element of the system of contractual regulation (type or kind of contract). In addition, the analysis shows that the resolution of smart contract disputes through digital platforms remains radically uncertain, and currently is not creating obvious advantages in comparison with traditional judicial proceedings.
Expanding the geographical distribution of Blastobotrys malaysiensis (Saccharomycetales) beyond the Asian continent – a cave fungus first reported in the Americas
Authors: Ferreira de Sá Antônio Sérgio , Leonardo-Silva Lucas , Xavier-Santos Solange 
Published: January 2022

Saccharomycetales are ascomycetic yeasts and among them the genus Blastobotrys has approximately 30 known species. Blastobotrys malaysiensis is a yeast species, described from cave samples, known until then only from Malaysia. In this study, we characterize a new strain and report the second occurrence record of this species. Here, Blastobotrys malaysiensis SXS675, was collected from soil samples from a cave in the Parque Estadual de Terra Ronca (PETER) in Goiás, Brazil. Phylogenetic analyzes revealed strong support with the sequence of the species type, as well as with other species of the clade. This new record contributes by providing new molecular data for the species and expanding the knowledge of its distribution beyond the Asian continent.
First record of a yeast for the American continent and its second mention for the world.
Uso dos adubos de liberação lenta no setor florestal
Authors: Cunha Fernanda Leite , Nieri Erick Martins , Santos Juscelina Arcanjo dos , Almeida Rodolfo Soares de , Melo Lucas Amaral de , Venturin Nelson 
Published: January 2022

Os adubos de liberação lenta (ALL) encontram-se em desenvolvimento mundial, e são caracterizados como adubos inteligentes, com alto grau de tecnologia e capazes de liberar os nutrientes para a planta por longo período. Dessa forma, ele reduz a perda de adubo por lixiviação e volatização, aumentando a eficiência de absorção pela planta. O seu uso na agricultura tem demonstrado ganhos satisfatórios em produtividade, com possibilidade de contenção de gastos com insumos e mão de obra. Devido às vantagens de sua utilização, esta revisão visa esclarecer a classificação destes fertilizantes e conhecer a dinâmica do seu uso no setor florestal. O uso dos ALL já é consolidado no setor florestal, na fase de produção de mudas, possibilitando maior crescimento das plantas em viveiro. O uso dos ALL em plantios florestais ainda é incipiente, devido à carência de estudos para seu uso com espécies florestais. Entretanto, já se encontra na literatura alguns estudos com resultados preliminares, com aumento do crescimento inicial e economia de insumos. Dessa forma, acreditamos que o uso desta tecnologia de fertilizantes pode gerar melhoria da qualidade das culturas e aumento da produtividade, além da minimização dos impactos ambientais.
Repensando processos de ensino e de aprendizagem para melhor atender às demandas educacionais
Authors:   Antonio de Pádua Dias da Silva
Published: January 2022

As visões sobre educação e ensino são trabalhadas, basicamente, a partir de dois eixos centrais, sem que isso incorra em uma perspectiva binária e negativa: o eixo do dado e o eixo do novo. Todo o aporte teórico, metodológico; todo modo e/ou modelo de abordagem, as novas tecnologias, outras práticas de saber são percebidos, na educação, como discursos que carregam um aprendizado do ontem que é negociado com o aprendizado produzido ou construído no momento do agora.	A terceira versão do Conbrale trouxe consigo discussões em torno de conhecimentos e práticas relacionadas ao ensino, sustentando-se nessa perspectiva, cimentando o já construído e abrindo possibilidades para outros modos de construir um saber fazer amparado em propostas que alimentam o ideário educacional do momento. Nesse sentido, o e-book que o/a leitor/a tem em mãos aponta para uma discussão em torno desse sentido.	São textos que não se acomodam nas práticas de um saber fazer aprendido e estimulado há tempos, mas que incorporam ao seu repertório de conhecimento anseios de professores/as preocupados/as com uma melhor gestão dos objetos de conhecimento e estudo que são pensados, planejados e preparados para a construção da aula junto aos alunos. Trata-se de textos elaborados no sentido de apresentar novos enfoques sobre, talvez, o mesmo item tantas vezes já questionado, mas que encontra um novo respaldo teórico a partir de outro olhar acolhido e permitido pelo momento em que o/a pesquisador/a se debruça sobre tais objetos.	Assim, velhas questões de ordem gramatical, como as tratadas a partir do “se” condicional ou do uso do “tu” ou “você” vêm à tona como discussões que avançam naquilo que já é consolidado como saber de domínio dos que estudam o “fenômeno” e seus usos. Também fazendo parte desse campo semântico (gramatical), há uma discussão em torno dos operadores argumentativos. Como traço inovador, há a perspectiva de relacionar os gêneros rap e cordel (e suas bases na oralidade) às práticas de letramento, bem como, muito próximo de nós, do agora, o letramento digital versus ensino remoto. O/a leitor/a ainda encontrará discussões em torno das práticas pedagógicas e dos estágios supervisionados, todos os textos ancorados nas propostas lançadas no III Conbrale.	Esperamos que todos que se interessem pelo e-book possam encontrar centelhas de ideias que acendam novos ou outros saberes em perspectiva.
Analisis Gaya Bahasa Kumpulan Puisi Perahu Kertas Karya Sapardi Djoko Damono
Authors: Saragih Riza Irayani , Maulina Intan , Sinaga Arif Yuandana 
Published: January 2022

Puisi merupakan sebuah karya sastra yang mempunyai gaya bahasa menarik. Penggunaan bahasa dalam puisi sangat penting karena pemilihan gaya bahasa sangat diperhatikan oleh pembaca. Gaya bahasa yang terdapat pada kumpulan puisi Perahu Kertas sangat beraneka ragam. Penulis mengacu pada referensi buku Gorys Keraf mengenai diksi dan gaya bahasa.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis yang artinya data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata, gambar, dan bukan angka-angka setelah itu dilakukan analisis.
Dari buku kumpulan puisi Perahu Kertas karya Sapardi Djoko Damono berhasil ditemukan gaya bahasa retoris diantaranya aliterasi ditunjukkan dengan keempat kutipan, lalu asonansi empat kutipan, anastrof dengan dua kutipan, asyndeton juga memiliki dua kutipan, polisendeton satu kutipan, ellipsis ada dua kutipan, histeron proteron satu kutipan, pleonasme satu, dan hiperbola memiliki dua kutipan. Dalam buku puisi ini juga ditemukan gaya bahasa kiasan yaitu persamaan atau simile ditunjukkan dengan sebuah kutipan, lalu metafora ada satu kutipan, dan personofikasi ditemukan tiga kutipan.
Dari seluruh penemuan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa buku puisi ini didominasi oleh gaya bahasa retoris, karena terdapat sembilan jenis, sedangkan gaya bahasa kiasan hanya ditunjukkan dalam tiga jenis. Dari sembilan jenis gaya bahasa retoris aliterasi dan asonansi adalah yang paling banyak muncul yaitu masing-masing empat kalimat
Teknik 3M (Meniru-Mengolah-Mengembangkan) Dalam Menulis Teks Berita
Authors: Purba Hartati Meylisa , Maulina Intan , Hutapea Bilferi 
Published: January 2022

Menulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan berbahasa salah satu kegiatan menulis yang membutuhkan stimulus untuk memulai dan menemukan ide adalah kegiatan teks berita. Kesulitan yang dihadapi adalah sulitnya menuangkan ide/gagasan saat menulis sebuah teks berita. Selama ini siswa merasa kesulitan karena tidak diberikan contoh untuk ditiru sebagai pemula dalam menulis teks berita, karena menulis teks berita tidak hanya sesuatu yang langsung ditiru saja namun butuh tahapan mengolah berita tersebut. Tahapan mengolah penting dilakuakn guna mengetahui berita itu apakah akurat, objektif, serta memenuhi syarat praktis penulisan berita yaitu harus ringkas (concise), jelas (clear), dan hangat (current).
Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian quasi experimental, yang merupakan pengembangan dari true experimental design
Berdasarkan pengamatan, siswa-siswa mengikuti pembelajaran menulis teks berita dengan sungguh-sungguh. Kelas eksperimen mendapatkan teori menulis teks berita, kemudian praktik menulis teks berita dengan menggunakan teknik 3 M.
Teknik 3M efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran menulis teks berita oleh siswa kelas XII SMK Swasta GKPS 2 Pematangsiantar.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik 3Mmefektif meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks berita. Teknik ini membantu siswa mengorganisasi ide dan pengetahuan untuk dituangkan dalam tulisan. Siswa kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan teknik 3M dituntut untuk mampu menemukan ide, saling bertukar pendapat, dan memecahkan masalah terkait dengan apa yang diulas.
Etika Berkomunikasi Menggunakan Media Sosial (WhatsApp) di STMIK Royal Kisaran
Authors: Azmi Sri Rezki Maulina , Dewi Muthia , Dailami Dailami 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pentingnya penerapan etika komunikasi di media sosial WhatsApp oleh mahasiswa. Etika komunikasi di media sosial ini terbagi atas tiga poin penting yang harus diterapkan oleh setiap penggunanya termasuk mahasiswa. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis bagaimana penerapan etika komunikasi mahasiswa di media sosial WhatsApp. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif deskiptif. Adapun pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara semi-terstruktur. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara. Objek penelitian adalah semua postingan mahasiswa mahasiswa sistem Informasi kelas SI 3H. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Penerapan etika berkomunikasi yang santun dalam menggunakan media sosial dimedia sosial WhatsApps grup oleh mahasiswa sistem informasi SI 3H sudah sangat baik, hal ini dibuktikan berdasarkan hasil analisis terlihat ketika menyampaikan salam atau sapaan ketika memulai pembicaraan, mengucapkan kata terimakasih setelah mendapatkan informasi dan memberikan respon ketika bertanya. 2) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap awal, informasi, dan norma-norma moral banyak memberikan pengaruh terhadap cara, bahasa, dan perubahan bagi mahasiswa saat menghubungi dosen melalui aplikasi WhatsApp.