bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Outcomes in the J-DAVID Based on Alkaline Phosphatase: A Post-hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Oka Tatsufumi , Sakaguchi Yusuke , Isaka Yoshitaka , Ishii Haruka , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Nakatani Shinya , Morioka Tomoaki , Mori Katsuhito , Inaba Masaaki , Emoto Masanori , Shoji Tetsuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the Japan Dialysis Active Vitamin D (J-DAVID) trial, oral alfacalcidol numerically, but not significantly, increased the risk of cardiovascular events among patients undergoing hemodialysis. Because the cardiovascular effect of alfacalcidol could be modulated by bone turnover status, this post-hoc analysis of the J-DAVID examined how alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a more precise marker of bone turnover than parathyroid hormone (PTH), modifies the impact of alfacalcidol. The J-DAVID was a 48-month, open-label, randomized controlled trial comparing oral alfacalcidol with no vitamin D receptor activators (VDRAs) use in terms of cardiovascular events among 976 hemodialysis patients without secondary hyperparathyroidism. This post-hoc analysis included 959 patients with available data on baseline ALP. The median [25–75th percentile] baseline ALP level was 234 [183–296] U/L. In a Cox proportional hazards model, ALP did not significantly modify the effect of alfacalcidol on the rate of cardiovascular events or all-cause death (P for effect modification=0.54 and 0.74, respectively). The effect of alfacalcidol on time-series changes in calcium, phosphate, and intact PTH were similar across ALP subgroups. In conclusion, oral alfacalcidol did not significantly affect cardiovascular outcomes irrespective of bone turnover status.
Rejuvenation of Facial Skin by Transplantation of the Autologous Stromal Vascular Fraction Isolated Using a New Type of Clinical-Grade Collagenase
Authors: Qin Jiaqi , Fang Bin , He Jizhou , Cheng Chen , Zhou Jia , Zhou Shuangbai , Huang Rulin , Tan Poh-ching , Zhang Tianyu , Jiang Taoran , Liu Wenhui , Wang Hairong , Xie Yun , Li Qingfeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to detect the yield, activity and safety of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated by a new clinical-grade collagenase with a specific process and to validate the efficacy of the method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS

For the in vitro study, adipose tissue specimens were obtained from women undergoing elective liposuction (n = 5). The SVF was isolated by new clinical-grade collagenase for the experimental group and research-grade collagenase NB4 for the control group. The surface markers of the SVFs isolated by the two collagenases were detected by flow cytometry. The yield, activity and morphology of the SVFs were compared, together with their proliferation, migration and differentiation. Furthermore, we conducted a clinical trial to evaluate the improvement of skin texture after transplantation of autologous SVF isolated by clinical-grade collagenase.
RESULTS

There were no statistically significant differences in the yield, viability or morphology of the SVFs isolated by the new collagenase and collagenase NB4. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) surface marker expression was consistent between the two products. The differentiation potential of the cells was not different, which was consistent with previously published results. The SVF isolated by the new collagenase had a higher proliferation and migration. After administration of autologous SVF isolated by the new collagenase, the VISIA score improved significantly with regard to wrinkle scores and texture scores.
CONCLUSION

We concluded that this new type of clinical-grade collagenase can replace current research-grade products without any negative effect on the yield or function of the SVF, which can be applied to antiaging and rejuvenation of facial skin.
Considerable variability in the clinical and ciliary features of primary ciliary dyskinesia in patients with DNAH5 mutations
Authors: Guo Zhuoyao , Chen Weicheng , Li Mengru , Wang Libo , Qian Liling 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder, but the relationship between genotype and phenotype is poorly established. We aimed to characterize the detailed clinical characteristics, ciliary phenotype and mutational spectrum of PCD patients with DNAH5 mutations.Methods: Whole exome sequencing followed by targeted copy number variation (CNV) analysis was used to screen 114 Chinese patients with highly suspected PCD. In cases with DNAH5 mutation, detailed demographic and clinical data, as well as ciliary beat pattern and ciliary ultrastructure, were comprehensively reviewed. Results: Thirty patients (median, 15.3 years; range, 0.6 to 43 years), who carried DNAH5 mutation, were identified. We characterized 38 novel and 7 known DNAH5 mutations (10 nonsense, 5 frameshift, 10 splicing, 16 missense mutations, 2 in-frame deletions and 2 large deletions). Despite bearing the same genotype, patients presented a highly variable phenotypic picture, including milder respiratory symptom, normal nasal nitric oxide levels (2/21, 9.5%) and “nontypical” ciliary beat pattern (4/21, 19.0%). Conclusions: DNAH5-associated PCD disease demonstrates dramatic phenotypic heterogeneity, contributing to the challenges of diagnosis. A composite work-up and cautious interpretation of the results are necessary during the PCD diagnosis process.
Effectiveness of High-Flow Nasal Cannula For Tracheal Intubation In The Emergency Department
Authors: Mitsuyama Yumi , Nakao Shunichiro , Shimazaki Junya , Ogura Hiroshi , Shimazu Takeshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Tracheal intubation in the emergency department (ED) can cause serious complications. Available evidence on the use of high-flow nasal canula (HFNC) during intubation in the ED is limited. This study evaluates the effect of oxygen therapy by HFNC on oxygen desaturation during tracheal intubation in the ED.Methods: This was a single-center before and after study designed to compare two groups that received oxygen therapy during intubation: one received conventional oxygen; the other received oxygen therapy using HFNC. We included non-trauma patients who required tracheal intubation in the ED. A linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between oxygen therapy using HFNC and the lowest peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) during intubation in the conventional and HFNC groups.Results: The study population included 87 patients (conventional group, n=67; HFNC group, n=20). The median lowest SpO2 in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group (94% [84–99%] vs. 85% [76–91%], p=0.006). The percentage of cases with oxygen desaturation to <90% during the intubation procedure in the HFNC group was significantly lower in comparison to than in the conventional group (40% vs. 63.8%, p=0.037). The use of HFNC was significantly associated with the lowest SpO2 and the use of HFNC increased the lowest SpO2 during intubation procedures by 7.7% (p=0.029).Conclusion: We showed that the use of HFNC during tracheal intubation was associated with a higher lowest SpO2 during the procedure in comparison to conventional oxygen administration in non-trauma patients in the ED.
The Validation of Left Atrial Strain Imaging for the Assessment of Diastolic Functions in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Durmaz Eser , Karpuz Mehmet Hakan , Ikitimur Baris , Karadag Bilgehan , Koca Damla , Tokdil Kardelen Ohtaroglu , Raimoglu Utku , Gulfidan Asli , Incesu Gunduz , Tokdil Hasan , Pirdal Betul Zehra , Ongen Zeki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose:

Assessment of left ventricular filling pressure(LVFP) is crucial in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Since current guideline recommended echocardiographic parameters have limited value, more comprehensive assessment methods are required in this patient subset.In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical utility of left atrial reservoir strain(LARS) imaging in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention(pPCI).
Methods:

Patients who underwent successful pPCI were included.Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) was measured invasively following pPCI. Left atrial strain imaging was performed following pPCI within 24 hours of pPCI. Normal LARS value was accepted as above 23%.
Results:

We prospectively enrolled 69 patients; there were 18 patients with LARS below 23% who were included into group 1 and rest of the study population included into group 2.There was no significant difference between groups in terms of comorbidities.Troponin and pro-BNP levels were significantly higher in group 1(p: 0.036 and 0.047 respectively). Left atrial volume and tricuspid regurgitation velocity were similar between groups(p: 0.416 and p:0.351 respectively). Septal tissue velocity was higher(p:0.001) and Septal E/e’ ratio was lower(p:0.004) in group 2. Left ventricular(LV) global longitudinal strain value was higher in group 1 which is consistent with observed lower ejection(LVEF) fraction in group 1(p: 0.001 for LV strain and p: 0.001 for LVEF). Estimated mean LVFP was also higher in group 1(p: 0.003).Correlation analyses revealed moderate correlation between LARS and LVEDP(r: -0.300).
Conclusion

Our results indicate that left atrial strain imaging is a promising tool for the assessment of left atrial pressure in patients with STEMI.
Increased Terrigenous Input from North America to the Northern Mendeleev Ridge (Western Arctic Ocean) Since the Mid-Brunhes Event
Authors: Park Kwangkyu , Wang Rujiang , Xiao Wenshen , Polyak Leonid , Cho Hyen Goo , Khim Boo-Keun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Mid-Brunhes Event (MBE) occurred at approximately 420 ka between Marine Isotope Stage 11 and 12, and is considered the most pronounced climatic shift during the last ~800 kyrs. On the other hand, it is unclear if the MBE was global, despite being observed in the high-latitude Northern Hemispheric cryosphere in terms of climate systems. A 5.35-m long gravity core ARC5-MA01 was obtained from the northern Mendeleev Ridge in the western Arctic Ocean to track the paleoenvironmental changes in terms of the terrigenous sedimentation in response to the glacial-interglacial climate changes across the MBE. Geochemical proxies (biogenic opal, total organic carbon, C/N ratio, carbon isotope of organic matter, and calcium carbonate) of MA01 suggest that the terrigenous input was generally higher during the interglacial periods. Based on a mineralogical examination, most of the terrigenous input was attributed to the abundance of dolomite and the increased kaolinite content from North America. In particular, most paleoceanographic proxies showed that the terrigenous input from North America was enhanced distinctly during the post-MBE interglacial periods. These results suggest that the MBE in the western Arctic Ocean was a global climatic shift closely linked to cryospheric development in North America during the middle Pleistocene.
Changes in the upper airway microbiota in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Guan Jian , Xu Huajun , Li Xinyi , Fu Zhihui , Wang Fan , Huang Weijun , Zhang Xiaoman , Wu Kejia , Li Chenyang , Liu Yupu , Zou Jianyin , Zhu Huaming , Yi Hongliang , Kaiming Su , Gu Meizhen , Yin Shankai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: A few clinical studies have demonstrated that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with dysbiosis of the oral and nasal microbiota. However, how upper airway microbial diversity, composition, and structure are altered in pediatric OSA has not been systemically explored. Methods: In total, 30 polysomnography (PSG)-confirmed OSA patients with adenoid hypertrophy, and 30 controls who did not snore or adenoid hypertrophy, were enrolled. Swabs from four surface oral tissue sites (tongue base, soft palate, both palatine tonsils, and the adenoids) and one nasal swab from both anterior nares were collected. The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) V3–V4 region was sequenced to identify the microbial communities. Results: Alpha and beta diversity were not significantly different between the pediatric OSA patients and controls at the five upper airway sites. However, the microbial profiles were significantly different among the five upper airway sites. The abundances of Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas were higher in the adenoids and tonsils of pediatric patients with OSA. Functional analysis revealed that the differential pathway between the pediatric OSA patients and controls involved amino acid metabolism and signal transduction. Conclusions: In this study, the upper airway microbiome of pediatric OSA patients only exhibited minor differences in composition compared with the controls. However, the microbiota data could be useful as a reference for studies on the upper airway microbiome or other relevant clinical phenomena.
Electroacupuncture vs topical diclofenac sodium gel for patients with hand osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Zhishun , Wang Weiming , Yu Shudan , Long Zilin , Liu Yan , Yan Yan , Sun Tianheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disorder and a great burden to both patients and society. While electroacupuncture (EA) and topical diclofenac sodium gel (DSG) are both currently used to treat OA, no head-to-head study of EA and topical DSG for hand OA exists. Thus, it remains unknown whether one intervention offers improved outcomes over the other. This study aims to compare the effects of EA and topical DSG in patients with hand OA.Methods: A total of 108 participants with hand OA according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria will be recruited and randomly assigned to the EA group or topical DSG group with a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants in the EA group will receive EA treatment thrice weekly for 4 weeks, followed by a 12-week follow-up. In the topical DSG group, topical DSG at a dose of 2 g over the affected joints per hand will be applied four times per day for 4 weeks. The outcomes will be measured at weeks 4, 8, and 16. The primary outcome will be the change in average overall finger joint pain intensity in the dominant hand from baseline to week 4. All outcome variables will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat principle. All statistical tests will be two-sided. Discussion: This study will help determine which of the two treatment protocols, EA or topical DSG, is more effective for the clinical treatment of hand OA.
Expression of heat shock protein D1 is up-regulated in canine mammary tumors
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Kumar BV Sunil , Gupta Kuldip 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background-
Mammary tumors are frequently seen in female dogs. Conventionally, these tumors are diagnosed by histopathology. Differentially expressed biomarkers could aid in non-invasive diagnosis of canine mammary tumors but their number is scanty. The present investigation focuses on assessing HSPD1 as a diagnostic biomarker of canine mammary tumors.
Methods and results-
Expression of HSPD1 transcript was analyzed by SYBR green based real time PCR (qRT-PCR). Gene encoding immuno-dominant region of HSPD1 was cloned using the expression vector pPROEX-HTa and expressed in a prokaryotic system. Upon purification by affinity chromatography, a 60KDa recombinant protein was obtained which was confirmed by Western blotting. Hyperimmune serum was raised against the rHSPD1 in mice and immunohistochemistry was standardized to assess expression of this protein in various histotypes of canine mammary tumors. Elevated level of HSPD1 mRNA expression (4.92 ± 0.65folds) was observed in canine mammary tumors as compared to the healthy mammary tissue. Further, HSPD1 protein expression in 80% of healthy tissues showed mild immunoreactivity whereas, moderate to high expression of HSPD1 was seen in 80% CMT tissue samples.
Conclusions-
The findings suggest that HSPD1 could act as molecular marker for the diagnosis of mammary tumors in canines and also to assess the response to these subjects to treatment.
Postoperative morbidity and health-related quality of life in children with delayed reconstruction of esophageal atresia: a nationwide Swedish study
Authors: Dellenmark-Blom Michaela , Ax Sofie Örnö , Öst Elin , Svensson Jan F , Kassa Ann-Marie , Jönsson Linus , Abrahamsson Kate , Gatzinsky Vladimir , Stenström Pernilla , Tollne AnnaMaria , Omling Erik , Lilja Helene Engstrand 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background In 10-15% of children with esophageal atresia (EA) delayed reconstruction of esophageal atresia (DREA) is necessary due to long-gap EA and/or prematurity/low birth weight. They represent a patient subgroup with high risk of complications. We aimed to evaluate postoperative morbidity and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a Swedish national cohort of children with DREA. Methods Postoperative morbidity, age-specific generic HRQOL (PedsQLTM 4.0) and condition-specific HRQOL (The EA-QOL questionnaires) in children with DREA were compared with children with EA who had primary anastomosis (PA). Factors associated with the DREA group’s HRQOL scores were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman’s rho. Clinical data was extracted from the medical records. Significance level was p<0.05.Results Thirty-four out of 45 families of children with DREA were included and 30 returned the questionnaires(n=8 children aged 2-7 years; n=22 children aged 8-18 years). Compared to children with PA(42 children aged 2-7 years; 64 children aged 8-18 years), there were no significant differences in most early postoperative complications. At follow-up, symptom prevalence in children aged 2-7 with DREA ranged from 37.5% (heartburn) to 75%(cough). Further digestive and respiratory symptoms were present in ≥50%. In children aged 8-18, it ranged from 14.3%(vomiting) to 40.9%(cough), with other digestive and airway symptoms present in 19.0-27.3%. Except for chest tightness(2-7 years), there were no significant differences in symptom prevalence between children with DREA and PA, nor between their generic or condition-specific HRQOL scores(p>0.05). More children with DREA underwent esophageal dilatations (both age groups), gastrostomy feeding(2-7 years), and antireflux treatment (8-18 years), p<0.05. Days to hospital discharge after EA repair and a number of associated anomalies showed a strong negative correlation with HRQOL scores (2-7 years). Presence of cough, airway infection, swallowing difficulties and heartburn were associated with lower HRQOL scores (8-18 years), p<0.05. Conclusions Although children with DREA need more treatments, they are not a risk group for postoperative morbidity and impaired HRQOL compared with children with PA. However, those with a long initial hospital stay, several associated anomalies and digestive or respiratory symptoms risk worse HRQOL. This is important information for clinical practice, families and patient stakeholders.
Impact of NMDA receptor activation on DNA damage in PC12 neuron-like cell cultures in the presence of β-amyloid peptides
Authors: Wiatrak Benita , Mieszała Przemysław , Gąsiorowski Kazimierz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of low nanomolar concentrations of Aβ1-40 and Aβ25-35 on DNA double-strand breaks following NMDA activation of cells.Materials and Methods: After PC12 cells were incubated with Aβ1-40 or Aβ25-35 for 24 hours, the culture was washed and stimulated for 15 min with NMDA. Then, tests were performed at four-time intervals from stimulation to assess the viability of the culture, the level of oxygen free radicals, and the γH2AX and pATM kinase.Results: It was found that amyloid peptides in nanomolar concentrations reduce double-stranded DNA breaks after NMDA neurons activation. A slight antioxidant effect was also demonstrated when measured 120 minutes after NMDA cell activation.Conclusion: The NMDA stimulation of PC12 cells led to a rapid increase in the number of double-stranded DNA breaks in the cells and is assumed to be the initial step in IEG activation and LTP induction. The effect of Aβ on the reduction of double-strand breaks after NMDA cell stimulation indicates that at concentrations similar to physiological amyloid peptides, it may reduce the mobilization of the neuronal response to stimuli, leading to inhibition of LTP induction and decrease synaptic plasticity in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
Cross-Seasonal Precursors of Strong Persistent Freezing Rain and Snow Events in South and Southwest China
Authors: Siyan Li , Xiaojuan Sun , Wang Julian X.L. , Li Chen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We used daily temperature and precipitation data from 753 stations provided by the National Meteorological Information Center of China for the time period 1950–2018 and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to explore winter weather events in southwest China (100–110° E, 22.5–32.5° N). We found a cross-seasonal precursor signal for the occurrence of freezing rain and snow events. Key zones of the tropical Pacific (160° E–90° W, 5° S–5° N) sea surface temperature (SST), the north Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)-like SST mode and the Indian Ocean (40–100° E, 10° S–20° N) SST in the previous autumn were significantly correlated with the key anomaly combination index in winter. Forcing of the atmosphere by these three key areas in terms of SST led to significant atmospheric circulation anomalies in the north Pacific and its lower reaches. The coupling effect of the cold SST at (160° E–90° W, 5° S–5° N) and the north Pacific PDO-like cold SST mode in the previous autumn caused an abnormal longwave disturbance over the north Atlantic Ocean in winter, which was dispersed downstream. This caused mid- to high-latitude circulation anomalies in East Asia that favored the diffusion of cold air. The cold SST at (40–100° E, 10° S–20° N) deepened the southern branch trough, favoring the occurrence of freezing rain and snow events. The CESM air–sea coupling model simulated the forcing effect outside the three key areas of SST in November, consistent with the observed statistical results. An inter-seasonal prediction index for strong persistent freezing rain and snow events in southwestern China was established based on the average SST anomalies in key areas in the previous November. This index provides a reference for the inter-seasonal prediction of winter freezing events in southern China.