bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary screening of cervical cancer by Pap smear in women of reproductive age group
Authors: Mishra Ruchi , Bisht Dakshina , Gupta Manisha 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Cancer cervix is a major health problem responsible for causing a higher mortality rate in women worldwide; the exponential increase in such cases can be reduced by early screening of women. The cytology-based cervical screening had a higher success rate in reducing the incidence of cervical cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the use of Pap smear screening to find cytological abnormalities and precancerous lesions.

Materials and Methods:
Sexually active women over 21 years of age were enrolled for the study. A detailed history was taken on the preformed proforma, and all were subjected to vaginal examination. Samples for Pap smear were taken with the help of Ayre spatula and immediately spread over a marked grease-free glass slide and dipped into 95% ethyl alcohol fixative for cytological examination.

Results:
Most of the abnormality of the epithelial cells found was in the age range of 31–50 years, and most of them were multiparous. 47.92% of the women had a chief complaint of vaginal discharge, an irregular menstrual cycle in 11.07%, and abdominal pain in 7.83%, while 30.41% were asymptomatic. Women found negative for intraepithelial neoplasia were 82.94%, while 13.36% had an inflammatory smear. 0.92% atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 2.78% Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) were found, no woman had High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL).

Conclusion:
Pap smear is a simple, cost-effective, non-invasive, and easy to perform tool for early detection of precancerous lesions, and it is evident that every woman above the age of 25–30 years must be recommended for cervical screening.
Ocular adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines: A systematic review
Authors: Kumari Shalini , Anand Raj , Sambyal Bhumika , Singh Yudhyavir , Rangappa Pradeep , Jha Simant Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the development and rollout of several vaccines worldwide at unprecedented pace. This systematic review of published literature has been undertaken to spread awareness among general physicians and ophthalmologists about the various reported adverse effects in the eye following COVID-19 vaccination. A systematic search was performed on 25 January 2022 through PuBMed, Medline and Google scholar for publications on ocular adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination. One brief communication, four retrospective case series, sixteen case reports, and five letters to editors were included. Ocular manifestations most commonly appear in the uvea and retina. Other manifestations are seen on the eyelid, cornea and ocular surface, and in cranial nerves innervating the eye. The incidence rate of these manifestations is quite low after COVID-19 vaccinations. Our systematic review meticulously enumerates various adverse effects of COVID -19 vaccine on the eye. Most of these adverse effects are transient and observed to resolve without any sequelae except for cases of retinal and ophthalmic vascular occlusions and corneal graft rejections. An emphasis on close follow-up and a need to delay vaccination and modified therapy to control flare up of signs and symptoms in certain sub-populations, Graves’ disease (autoimmune etiology), pre-existing uveal inflammation and corneal graft cases are warranted. We need long-term, larger, multicentric studies to substantiate our findings and establish the causal relationship with certainty. Mass vaccinations to curb this pandemic after outweighing the ocular risks associated with it is warranted.
Morbidity and mortality pattern of COVID-19 patients and its associated risk factors: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Keisam Avinash , Kulabidhu Heisnam , Singh Takhellambam B. , Devi Laishram B. , Akham Ngamba 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:
Early identification of patients with poor prognosis may facilitate the provision of proper supportive treatment in advance and reduce mortality due to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study estimates the recovery and mortality rates among in-house COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care center and also determines any association between mortality and variables of interest.

Methods and Material:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in June to December 2021 among the COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital based on their case sheets. A sample size of 1500 was calculated which was obtained by simple random sampling. Descriptive statistics were generated. Association between mortality and other variables was tested by using bivariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results:
The overall recovery rate was 80.1%. Vaccination status was significantly associated with mortality, with the AOR (95% CI) of getting both vaccine doses and a single dose being 0.18 (0.05-0.70) and 0.28 (0.15-0.55), respectively, when compared to the unvaccinated group. Also, patients who sought admission on their own were found to be having more chances of recovery compared to those who were referred from other health facilities. The risk of dying was found to be increased nearly 5-fold among those who used Non-Rebreathing machines. The use of Non-Invasive ventilation and Bain Circuit was significantly associated with a bad prognosis. None on the mechanical ventilation survived.

Conclusions:
The mortality rate of COVID-19 patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital was found to be one-fifth and the ICU-specific mortality rate was 83.6% while other factors like age and gender were not found to be associated with mortality. Among comorbidities, only liver diseases were found to be a significant determinant of mortality. Finally, patients who needed more flow rate of oxygen had a significant association with mortality.
The potential of digitalization in the field of effective dispute resolution and reduction of conflict in the business environment
Authors: Зайцева Л.И. , Созонов Т.И. 
Published: October 2022

В статье проведен анализ эффективности применения цифровых технологий в области разрешения споров с целью снижения конфликтности в деловой среде как неотъемлемого условия преодоления кризисных явлений. Авторами обосновывается необходимость разработки и применения инструментария цифровой трансформации, который будет способствовать снижению степени эскалации противоречий в деятельности хозяйствующих субъектов. В качестве таких инструментов предлагается использовать технологии информационного моделирования, создание онлайн-платформ для разрешения споров и развитие машиночитаемого права.
The article analyzes the effectiveness of the use of digital technologies in the field of dispute resolution in order to reduce conflict in the business environment as an essential condition for overcoming crisis phenomena. The authors substantiate the need to develop and apply digital transformation tools that will help reduce the degree of escalation of contradictions in the activities of business entities. As such tools, it is proposed to use information modeling technologies, the creation of online platforms for resolving disputes and the development of machine-readable law.
Information technology in the judiciary of the People's Republic of China
Authors: Куделина Т.А. 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы применения цифровых технологий в судах Китая, существенно изменяющего подходы к разрешению споров, повышающего гарантии судебной защиты прав граждан и юридических лиц, уменьшающего судебную нагрузку и повышающего эффективность использования судебных ресурсов. Автор исследует современный опыт Китайской Народной Республики по внедрению информационных технологий в судопроизводство, использованию судебных и посреднических онлайн-платформ КНР.
The article deals with the use of digital technologies in the courts of China, which significantly changes approaches to dispute resolution, increases the guarantees of judicial protection of the rights of citizens and legal entities, reduces the judicial burden and increases the efficiency of the use of judicial resources. The author explores the modern experience of the People's Republic of China in the implementation of information technologies in legal proceedings, the use of judicial and mediation online platforms of the PRC.
Digital Technologies in Tax Disputes as a Mechanism for Balancing Public and Private Interests
Authors: Щекин Д.М. 
Published: October 2022

СТАТЬЯ ПОСВЯЩЕНА ВОПРОСАМ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ В ОБЛАСТИ РАЗРЕШЕНИЯ НАЛОГОВЫХ СПОРОВ. ОЦЕНИВАЕТСЯ ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ НА ДОСТИЖЕНИЕ БАЛАНСА ПУБЛИЧНЫХ И ЧАСТНЫХ ИНТЕРЕСОВ В НАЛОГОВОМ ПРАВЕ. АВТОР ПРИХОДИТ К ВЫВОДУ, ЧТО ОДНИМ ИЗ ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ МЕХАНИЗМОВ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПРОФИСКАЛЬНОГО УКЛОНА В ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НАЛОГОВЫХ ОРГАНОВ МОЖЕТ СТАТЬ РАСШИРЕНИЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В НАЛОГОВОМ АДМИНИСТРИРОВАНИИ. МИНИМИЗАЦИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО ФАКТОРА СПОСОБНА УВЕЛИЧИТЬ ОБЪЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРАВОПРИМЕНЕНИЯ И СОКРАТИТЬ ЧИСЛО НАЛОГОВЫХ СПОРОВ. ЧТО КАСАЕТСЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПРИ РАЗРЕШЕНИИ СПОРОВ В СУДАХ, ТО СЛЕДУЕТ ОЖИДАТЬ ПОЯВЛЕНИЯ В БУДУЩЕМ ЦИФРОВОГО АЛГОРИТМА НА БАЗЕ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА, КОТОРЫЙ БУДЕТ ДАВАТЬ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ СУДЬЕ ПО РАЗРЕШЕНИЮ ДЕЛА НА ОСНОВЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ МАШИНОЧИТАЕМОГО ПРАВА И С УЧЕТОМ ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВ ДЕЛА, НОРМ ДЕЙСТВУЮЩЕГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА И АНАЛИЗА СУДЕБНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ. ПРИ ЭТОМ ЦИФРОВЫЕ АЛГОРИТМЫ НЕ СМОГУТ ЗАМЕНИТЬ СУДЬЮ ПРИ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИИ ПРАВОСУДИЯ ПРИ РАЗРЕШЕНИИ НАЛОГОВЫХ СПОРОВ, А ОСТАНУТСЯ ЛИШЬ ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНЫМ ИНСТРУМЕНТОМ.
THE ARTICLE IS DEVOTED TO THE ISSUES OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE FIELD OF RESOLUTION OF TAX DISPUTES. THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON THE BALANCE OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INTERESTS IN TAX LAW IS ASSESSED. THE AUTHOR COMES TO THE CONCLUSION THAT ONE OF THE EFFECTIVE MECHANISMS TO REDUCE THE PRO-FISCAL INCENTIVE IN THE ACTIVITIES OF TAX AUTHORITIES CAN BE THE EXPANSION OF THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TAX ADMINISTRATION. MINIMIZATION OF THE HUMAN FACTOR CAN INCREASE THE OBJECTIVENESS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND REDUCE THE NUMBER OF TAX DISPUTES. As for the use of digital technologies in resolving disputes in the courts, we should expect the appearance of a digital algorithm in the future of artificial intelligence, which will give recommendations to the judge for resolving the case based on the technology of machine -readable law and taking into account the circumstances of the case, the norms of the current legislation and analysis of judicial practice . THEREFORE, DIGITAL ALGORITHMS WILL NOT BE ABLE TO REPLACE A JUDGE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JUSTICE IN RESOLUTION OF TAX DISPUTES, AND WILL REMAIN ONLY A SUPPORTING TOOL.
Ulcerative colitis progression: a retrospective analysis of disease burden using electronic medical records
Authors: Dahlgren David , Agréus Lars , Stålhammar Jan , Hellström Per M. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a debilitating inflammatory bowel disease. Present knowledge regarding UC disease progression over time is limited.
Objective: To assess UC progression to severe disease along with disease burden and associated factors.
Methods: Electronic medical records linked with Swedish national health registries (2005–2015) were used to identify disease progression of UC. Odds of all-cause and disease-related hospitalization within 1 year were compared between patients with disease progression and those without. Annual indirect costs were calculated based on sick leave, and factors related to UC progression were examined.
Results: Of the 1,361 patients with moderate UC, 24% progressed to severe disease during a median of 5.2 years. Severe UC had significantly higher odds for all-cause (OR [odds ratio] 1.47, 95% CI [confidence interval]: 1.12–1.94, P < 0.01) and UC-related hospitalization (OR 2.47, 95% CI: 1.76–3.47, P < 0.0001) compared to moderate disease. Average sick leave was higher in patients who progressed compared to those who did not (64.4 vs 38.6 days, P < 0.001), with higher indirect costs of 151,800 SEK (16,415 €) compared with 92,839 SEK (10,039 €) (P < 0.001), respectively. UC progression was related to young age (OR 1.62, 95% CI: 1.17–2.25, P < 0.01), long disease duration (OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03–1.15, P < 0.001), and use of corticosteroids (OR 2.49, 95% CI: 1.67–3.72, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Disease progression from moderate to severe UC is associated with more frequent and longer hospitalizations and sick leave. Patients at young age with long disease duration and more frequent glucocorticosteroid medication are associated with progression to severe UC.
UJI COBA BEBERAPA VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI PADA LAHAN PASANG SURUT DAN ANALISA USAHATANINYA DI KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Agus Subekti  , Sugiarti Tuti 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRAK
Beras masih merupakan pangan utama bagi penduduk di Kalimantan Barat, kebutuhannya terus meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan jumlah penduduk. Sebagian besar lahan yang diguanakan oleh petani untuk budidaya padi adalah lahan pasang surut. Budidaya padi pada lahan pasang surut sering dihadapkan pada masalah fisiko kimia lahan diantaranya keracuanan besi (fe), kemasaman tanah yang tinggi (pH 4 - 5,5), kebanjiran, dan intrusi air asin. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi pada lahan pasang surut adalah dengan mengintroduksikan varietas unggul baru padi yang adaptif. Tujuan dari uji coba ini adalah untuk mengetahui adaptasi varietas unggul baru padi pada lahan pasang surut dan analisa usahataninya di Kalimantan Barat. Uji coba menggunkana Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Perlakuan berupa empat varietas unggul baru padi yaitu Inpari 36, Inpari 37, Inpari 39, dan Inpari 32 dengan lima ulangan. Variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai, jumlah gabah isi per malai, persentase gabah isi per malai, dan produktivitas. Data dianalisis dengan Anova dan di uji lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur. Analisis usaha tani menggunakan analisis Input â€“ Output dan R/C ratio. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan varietas padi yang adaptif dan menguntungkan untuk dikembangkan pada lahan pasang surut di Kalimantan Barat adalah varietas Inpari 37 dengan produktivitas 7.2 t/ha, keuntungan usahatani Rp. 13,829,411, dan R/C rasio 1.74.
HUMAN RESOURCE ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED QUOTED NIGERIAN FOOD AND BEVERAGES FIRMS
Authors: Stanley Ifeanyi MUKOLO (MSc. Candidacy)  , Edirin JEROH (PhD)  , Abel. O. IDEH (PhD)  
Published: October 2022

The study examined the effect of Human resource accounting (HRA) on the financial performance (return on assets-ROA) of selected quoted Nigerian food and beverages firms. Four of these firms were sampled from 2006-2021. The research analyzed the data generated using the panel regression analysis through the instrumentality of Econometric Views. The study evidenced that, staff trainings and development costs (STC) and welfare costs (EWC) improved firm performance significantly but staff safety cost did not. However, hiring cost has a negative significant effect on ROA of the targeted firms in Nigeria during the study periods. Hence, the paper concluded that human resource accounting is instrumental to higher firm performance. As such, the study recommends that management of selected firms should not see their staff trainings as a one-off thing instead they should conduct both off and on-the-job trainings on a regular basis. Lastly, management of the targeted firms must ensure that their welfare package include both monetary and non-monetary compensation.
Keywords: Human Resource Accounting, Financial Performance, Quoted Nigerian Food and Beverages Firms.
EMPIRICAL NEXUS BETWEEN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ATTRIBUTES AND DIRECTORS REMUNERATION: NIGERIAN EVIDENCE
Authors: AFAM-MEBEI BLESSING OMEBERE  , EBIAGHAN, Orits Frank  
Published: October 2022

This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between corporate governance attributes and director’s remuneration in Nigerian quoted firms. Specifically the study attempted to proffer answers to questions as it relates to the impact of board size, firm size, board independence, chief executive officer duality on directors' remuneration. Secondary data were extracted from the financial statements and accounts of the sampled firms for a 25years period spanning 1997-2021. And analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares Regression (OLS) E-views version 10 The study revealed that Board size, firm size, and board independence exerted positive effect on directors' remuneration, whereas the presence of a chief executive officer duality had negative influence on directors' remuneration. It was recommended that the position of Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020 as it concerns directors’ remuneration should be carefully adhered to and that the directors' remuneration must not be altered by any director irrespective of their positions in the organization. It is concluded that the chief executive officer duality should not be used as a yardstick in the determination of directors’ remuneration rather the board size, firm size, board independence should be used as a measure for fixing directors’ remuneration.
Keywords: Director’s Remuneration, Board Size, Firm Size, Board Independence, Chief Executive Officer Duality.
Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Anak Di Desa Ropoh Dengan Memanfaatkan Program Rumah Belajar
Authors: Setiawan Tri Ade , Astuti Erna Dwi , Munafisah Nisfatul 
Published: October 2022

Salah satu permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat Desa Ropoh, Kecamatan Kepil, Kabupaten Wonosobo adalah kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya pendidikan. Salah satu program yang diterapkan di Desa Ropoh adalah Rumah Belajar. Tujuan diadakannya program Rumah Belajar adalah untuk menciptakan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya ilmu pengetahuan, Untuk mewujudkan Sumber Daya Manusia yang berkualitas, berkarakter, kreatif dan inovatif, Untuk mendorong dan memotivasi anak-anak agar semangat dalam belajar dan meraih prestasi. Hasil dari program Rumah Belajar ini adalah anak-anak antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan tersebut. Selain itu program Rumah Belajar ini juga dapat membantu siswa yang kesulitan dalam mengerjakan soal-soal latihan yang diberikan saat kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah.
Caracterización de estudios por imágenes realizados en niños sanos en un centro de atención ambulatoria: percepciones, creencias y expectativas de sus padres
Authors: Urman Gabriela , Albano Juan M. R. , Urman Eduardo J. , Cortés Lopera Laura , Grosman Arnoldo 
Published: October 2022

Introducción: los estudios por imágenes (EPI) son de gran ayuda para el diagnóstico clínico, pero su uso irracional puede ocasionar daños.
Objetivos: relevar las percepciones y expectativas sobre estudios por imágenes pediátricos en un grupo de padres de niños sanos. Evaluar los datos obtenidos en relación con el registro de EPI solicitados por Guardia durante el mismo período.
Materiales y métodos: estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, cuali-cuantitativo mediante una encuesta en una muestra por conveniencia en un centro pediátrico ambulatorio, a lo largo de dos meses. Análisis retrospectivo de solicitud de EPI en el registro informatizado de historias clínicas de Guardia durante el mismo período.
Resultados: respondieron 243 padres. El 93,4% refirió conocer métodos de EPI (la radiografía[Rx] fue el más conocido). Se había realizado al menos un EPI al 83,4% de los niños en los últimos doce meses. El estudio fue explicado en forma clara en el 96,4% de los casos. Un 47,7% de los padres refirieron conocer las consecuencias del uso repetitivo de EPI. El 81,6% acordó con que “ante cualquier traumatismo se debe realizar Rx para descartar fractura”. Más del 60% consideró que debe realizarse Rx de tórax a todo niño con tos sin fiebre o con fiebre de más de dos días y 55% solicitarían Rx de senos paranasales si el niño elimina mocos verdes. El 49,8% opinó que los médicos piden EPI de menos (por falta de recursos, para trabajar menos o para ahorrar dinero). Durante el período estudiado se solicitó una radiografía al 5% de los pacientes que consultaron por Guardia; no se encontró justificación para solicitar el estudio en el 29% de los casos.
Conclusión: un gran porcentaje de padres conoce los EPI; sin embargo, desconocen los riesgos asociados a su uso. Existen errores de concepto que generan expectativas desmedidas con respecto a la indicación de Rx. Se informó un exceso en las solicitudes de EPI por Guardia. Los padres consideran que los médicos solicitan EPI de menos.
STRENGTHENING IMMIGRATION FUNCTION AS FACILITATOR OF COMMUNITY WELFARE DEVELOPMENT IN MOROTAI SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE
Authors: Akbar Filianto 
Published: October 2022

Morotai Island Regency has a geoeconomic and geostrategic strategic location and is an area with great potential both in terms of tourism, the fishing industry, and various other industries. This potential has made the government set Morotai as a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) since 2014. This paper aims to find out the extent of the development of the Morotai SEZ on the regional economy and increase the welfare of the community, as well as know the role of immigration that can be carried out as a manifestation of one of the immigration functions, namelydevelopment public welfare. The results show that after the Morotai SEZ, although there has been an increase in local revenue, it has not significantly and consistently affected the economy due to the suboptimal use of local government over the potential of the Morotai SEZ. The role of the immigration function in the Morotai SEZ region must also be strengthened through the establishment of an immigration work unit in the Morotai SEZ region and the improvement of other immigration cooperation in order to facilitate the opening of international access, community mobility and business actors in various industries in Morotai, including other regions in eastern Indonesia, with the aim to improvethe welfare of the community.
THE INDONESIAN E-GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES: DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF E-GOVERNMENT IN IMMIGRATION LAW ENFORCEMENT
Authors: Maulana Ramacesa Nije 
Published: October 2022

E-government in Indonesia is still developing particularly in some regional and central government offices. As a central government, the directorate general of immigration has been implemented very well in relation to the process of providing immigration documents such as passports, visas, and permission to stay for foreigners. However, in the field of law enforcement the directorate general of immigration have failed to demonstrate the development phase of e-government. The official website of the directorate general of immigration does not provide any information related to immigration law enforcement so that the legal awareness of the public about the dangers of violating immigration law is not well conveyed. Even the public does not know the investigation process if they commit immigration violations. Also, the agency did not provide both financial and nonfinancial access for the public to avoid immigration violations. All coordination activities are still done manually. The data used in this study is secondary data collected from academic literature and grey literature. The research materials were obtained by using search engines from google, google scholar, and an online library at flinders university.