bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limits in the search date for rapid reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies
Authors: Furuya‐Kanamori Luis , Lin Lifeng , Kostoulas Polychronis , Clark Justin , Xu Chang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLimiting the search date is a common approach utilised in therapeutic/interventional rapid reviews. Yet the accuracy of pooled estimates is unknown when applied to rapid reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies. Data from all systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, until February 2022 were collected. Meta‐analyses with at least five studies were included to emulate rapid reviews by limiting the search to the recent 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 years. The magnitude of the pooled area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity for the full meta‐analysis and the rapid reviews were compared. A total of 846 diagnostic meta‐analyses were included. When the search date was limited to the recent 10 and 15 years, more than 75% and 80% of meta‐analyses presented less than 5% difference between the pooled AUC, sensitivity and specificity of the full meta‐analysis and the rapid review. There was little gain in the precision of the pooled estimates when the emulated rapid reviews included more than 15 years in the search. Rapid reviews restricted by search date are a valid and reliable approach for diagnostic test accuracy studies. Robust evidence can be achieved by restricting the search date to the recent 10–15 years. Future studies need to examine the reduction in workload and time to finish the rapid reviews under different search date limits.
A modified quick‐easy‐cheap‐effective‐rugged‐and‐safe method involving carbon nano‐onions‐based dispersive solid‐phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for pesticides from grapes
Authors: Mokhtari Saba , Khosrowshahi Elnaz Marzi , Farajzadeh Mir Ali , Nemati Mahboob , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2022

A combination of modified quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe extraction approach with carbon nano–onions–based dispersive solid‐phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction of several pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, tebuconazole, deltamethrin, permethrin, haloxyfop–methyl, penconazole, and cyhalothrin) from grape before their analysis by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection. In the extraction approach, an aliquot of grape sample is chopped and after separating its juice, the pesticides that remained in the refuse are extracted by the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction method. The obtained acetonitrile phase is mixed with juice and the analytes are extracted by the carbon nano‐onions‐based dispersive solid‐phase extraction. The analytes are concentrated using the microextraction procedure to obtain high enrichment factors. The results showed low limits of detection (0.5–1.6 ng/g) and quantification (1.8–5.4 ng/g) with satisfactory linearity of the calibration curves (determination coefficient, r2 ≥ 0.994). The precision of the developed method expressed as relative standard deviations was good (≤7.2%). The method provided high enrichment factors (350–410) and extraction recoveries (70–82%). Finally, seven grape samples were analyzed successfully.
Tailoring Butyl Methacrylate/Methacrylic Acid Copolymers for the Solubilization of Membrane Proteins: The Influence of Composition and Molecular Weight
Authors: Janata Miroslav , Čadová Eva , Angelisová Pavla , Charnavets Tatsiana , Hořejší Václav , Raus Vladimír 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLow‐molecular weight (MW) amphiphilic copolymers have been recently introduced as a powerful tool for the detergent‐free isolation of cell membrane proteins. Herein, a screening approach is used to identify a new copolymer type for this application. Via a two‐step ATRP/acidolysis procedure, a 3 × 3 matrix of well‐defined poly[(butyl methacrylate)‐co‐(methacrylic acid)] copolymers (denoted BMAA) differing in their MW and ratio of hydrophobic (BMA) and hydrophilic (MAA) units is prepared. Subsequently, using the biologically relevant model (T‐cell line Jurkat), two compositions of BMAA copolymers are identified that solubilize cell membranes to an extent comparable to the industry standard, styrene‐maleic acid copolymer (SMA), while avoiding the potentially problematic phenyl groups. Surprisingly, while only the lowest‐MW variant of the BMA/MAA 2:1 composition is effective, all the copolymers of the BMA/MAA 1:1 composition are found to solubilize the model membranes, including the high‐MW variant (MW of 14 000). Importantly, the density gradient ultracentrifugation/sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/Western blotting experiments reveal that the BMA/MAA 1:1 copolymers disintegrate the Jurkat membranes differently than SMA, as demonstrated by the different distribution patterns of two tested membrane protein markers. This makes the BMAA copolymers a useful tool for studies on membrane microdomains differing in their composition and resistance to membrane‐disintegrating polymers.
A Study on Recycled Polymers Recovered from Multilayer Plastic Packaging Films by Solvent‐Targeted Recovery and Precipitation (STRAP)
Authors: Cecon Victor S. , Curtzwiler Greg W. , Vorst Keith L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMultilayer plastic film use increased in multiple packaging applications due to its versatility and overall increased performance over monolayer structures. However, the performance gains from multiple layers also make recycling difficult because they contain multiple polymers that can be immiscible and burdensome to traditional mechanical recycling operations. A possible solution is the solvent‐targeted recovery and precipitation (STRAP) process, but the effect on the retrieved polymer is still unknown. The STRAP process is applied to two different multilayer films and samples of recovered polymers are evaluated for physical, molecular, and thermal properties. Changes in the molecular weight are not significant, but differences in thermal properties are reported along with the coprecipitation of different polymers. Solvent retention in the polymer matrix from STRAP reduced the glass transition temperature of samples, but enhanced drying recovered it. Heavy metals, such as Cd, Cr, and Pb are not detected, indicating regulatory compliance for different applications.
Optimization of block size for volume integral equation‐based characteristic basis function method
Authors: Huang Fei , Sun Yufa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe block size of the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) based on volume integral equation (VIE) is optimized to improve the efficiency on analyzing the scattering from dielectric objects in this study. Several literatures have discussed the optimum block size of surface integral equation (SIE)‐based CBFM, which achieved the minimum CPU time for analyzing conductor objects. However, due to the differences of basis functions, the conclusions derived from SIE‐based CBFM are not applicable for VIE‐based CBFM. This study presents the relationship between the Schaubert–Wilton–Glisson (SWG) basis functions and characteristic basis functions (CBFs), which paves the way for evaluating the computational complexity of VIE‐based CBFM. In addition, the Sherman–Morrison–Woodbury formula‐based algorithm (SMWA) and adaptive cross approximation (ACA) algorithm are combined to accelerate the CBFs generation and reduced matrix construction. Based on the computational complexity of the VIE‐based CBFM combined with SMWA and ACA, the optimal number of blocks for VIE‐based CBFM is derived theoretically. Numerical results of homogeneous and inhomogeneous dielectric objects scattering problems are presented to validate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed optimization method.
Grass‐to‐stone surface inspired long‐term inhibiting scaling
Authors: Luo Yimin , Tan Sheng , Luo Zhuangzhu , Li Jingbo , Zhu Zewei , Jia Baoguang , Liu Zhipeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBionic self‐cleaning coatings have exhibited scaling inhibition for their low surface free energy. The key issue is focused on the long‐term anti‐scaling performance for the hydrophobicity failure after scaled. Inspired by “grass‐to‐stone” phenomenon, we reported a polymer coating (WCA = 120°, WSA = 14°) with the water contact angle of its 720 h‐scaled surface increased to 135°and scaling reduced by 90–95%. The nucleation and growth of CaCO3 at “coating‐crystal” interface are investigated, and a physical model for self‐healing film interface inhibiting scaling is innovatively proposed, as an important step toward designing long‐term anti‐scaling coating for engineering application.
Mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between perceived stress and job burnout among midwives in the post‐COVID‐19 era
Authors: Liu Cuiping , Yue Chongyu , Liu Lei , Liu Ting , Wang Xuelei , Hou Yan , Gao Shaobo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the mediating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived stress and job burnout in midwives.DesignA descriptive, cross‐sectional online survey.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, 329 midwives in 20 hospitals in China were selected as the participants. They completed self‐report assessment measures of job burnout, perceived stress and perceived social support.Results63.5% of the participants had job burnout. Perceived stress was negatively associated with social support (r = −.350, p < .01), while it was positively associated with job burnout (r = −.382, p < .01). Social support was negatively correlated with job burnout (r = −.569, p < .01). The total effect of perceived stress on job burnout was 0.474 (95% CI: 0.367 ~ 0.596, p < .01), the direct effect was 0.242 (95% CI: 0.142 ~ 0.355, p < .01), and the indirect effect was 0.232 (95% CI: 0.160 ~ 0.316, p < .01). Social support programmes for midwives should be implemented to control the impact of perceived stress on job burnout.
A registry study of oral health problems and preventive interventions among older persons receiving municipal healthcare – PROSENIOR
Authors: Axelsson Malin , Bahtsevani Christel , Neziraj Merita , Persson Karin , Kumlien Christine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to identify planned and completed preventive interventions among older persons with oral health problems receiving municipal health care. A further aim was to determine the correspondence between oral health problems and planned preventive interventions among older persons with oral health problems receiving municipal health care.DesignCross‐sectional register study.MethodsOral health data from the Swedish national quality registry, Senior Alert, were extracted for 4,024 older persons (≥65 years) receiving municipal health care in a county in Southern Sweden. Data were statistically analysed.ResultsA large majority of older persons (97.4%) with assessed oral health problems had at least one planned preventive intervention, and approximately three quarters of the planned interventions were completed. There seemed to be a mismatch between type of oral health problems and preventive interventions as not all older persons had a planned preventive intervention related to their specific oral health problem.
Role of peer learning and self‐efficacy in parasympathetic activity during the simulation learning process in nursing students
Authors: Nakayama Natsuki , Ejiri Harumi , Arakawa Naoko , Makino Tsuneko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the stress level, including parasympathetic nervous activity, of students engaged in peer learning during simulations and the role of self‐efficacy.DesignObservational‐comparative study.MethodsThe participants were 76 nursing students who were asked to evaluate a stable postoperative patient in Scene 1 and the same patient bleeding in Scene 2. In each scene, the students engaged in phases of repeated individual observations of the patient and discussions with peers. We compared each participant's parasympathetic activity during each observation in Scenes 1 and 2. Furthermore, the self‐efficacy score before the simulation was used to divide the participants into 3 groups, and the self‐efficacy and parasympathetic activity during the simulation were analysed.ResultsThe participants' parasympathetic activity decreased in both scenes with each phase of repeated observation. Two‐way repeated‐measures analysis of variance showed no statistically significant difference in parasympathetic activity during simulations among the three self‐efficacy groups.
Mediating effect of circadian rhythm between work stress and sleep quality in Chinese shift‐working nurses: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Wu Songqi , Wu Caiqin , Wang Xiaohan , Fei Wenling , Fu Yue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study examined the mediating effect of circadian rhythm amplitude (LV) and stability (FR) between work stress and sleep quality among Chinese shift‐working nurses (SWNs).DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThree‐hundred and seventy‐nine nurses working in shifts were investigated by convenient sampling from six hospitals in Shanghai, China. The mediating effect was analysed using the structural equation model with bootstrapping procedures.ResultsWork stress could directly affect shift nurses' sleep quality and indirectly affect sleep quality through circadian rhythm amplitude and stability. The total indirect effects of work stress on sleep quality accounted for 36.7% of the total effect. The study revealed that poor sleep quality is very common among SWNs, which deserves attention. The mediating effect of the circadian rhythm provides new insights to improve sleep quality, not only by lightening the work stress but also by improving circadian rhythm in SWNs.
Triple‐threat quantitative multiplexed plasma proteomics analysis on immune complex disease MRL‐lpr mice
Authors: Gaun Aleksandr , Preciado López Magdalena , Olsson Niclas , Wang John C.K. , Chan Leanne J.G. , O'Brien Jonathon , Li Wenzhou , Zavala‐Solorio Jose , Zhang Chunlian , Eaton Dan , McAllister Fiona E 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease which is associated with increases in autoantibodies and immune complexes that deposit in the kidney. The MRL‐lpr mouse is a common mouse model used for the study of lupus and immune complex glomerulonephritis but very little is known about the plasma proteome changes in this model. We performed in‐depth quantitative proteome profiling on MRL‐lpr and control (strain MpJ) mice to investigate the changes in the proteome, immunoglobulins and their glycoproteome as well as protein and immune complexes. Methodologies used included immunohistochemistry, immunoglobulin isotyping, multiplexed proteome profiling, immunoglobulin immunoprecipitation with glycoproteome profiling, and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) profiling to enable a comprehensive proteome profiling of proteins and protein complexes. We also used a novel native multiplexed plasma proteome profiling (NativeMP3) method that relies on native enrichment of plasma proteins enabling ultra‐deep single shot profiling where we identified 922 plasma proteins at 1% false discovery rate (FDR) in a single shot mass spectrometry run. We observed many large plasma protein differences between the MRL‐lpr and control strain including differences in the immunoglobulins, immunoglobulins against specific antigens, chemokines, and proteases as well as changes in protein complexes such as the immunoproteasome.
Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify quinic acid protecting eggplant from damage caused by western flower thrips
Authors: Liu Yajing , Wang Xuan , Luo Shuangxia , Ma Lisong , Zhang Weiwei , Xuan Shuxin , Wang Yanhua , Zhao Jianjun , Shen Shuxing , Ma Wei , Gu Aixia , Chen Xueping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWestern flower thrips are considered the major insect pest of horticultural crops worldwide, causing economic and yield loss to Solanaceae crops. The eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) resistance against thrips remains largely unexplored. This work aims to identify thrips‐resistant eggplants and dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance using the integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of thrips‐resistant and ‐susceptible cultivars.RESULTSWe developed a micro‐cage thrips bioassay to identify thrips‐resistant eggplant cultivars, and highly resistant cultivars were identified from wild eggplant relatives. Metabolomic profiles of thrips‐resistant and ‐susceptible eggplant were compared using the gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS)‐based approach, resulting in the identification of a higher amount of quinic acid in thrips‐resistant eggplant compared to the thrips‐susceptible plant. RNA‐sequencing analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing genome‐wide gene expression changes between thrips‐resistant and ‐susceptible eggplants. Consistent with metabolomic analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that the starch and sucrose metabolic pathway in which quinic acid is a metabolic by‐product was highly enriched. External application of quinic acid enhances the resistance of susceptible eggplant to thrips.CONCLUSIONOur results showed that quinic acid plays a key role in the resistance to thrips. These findings highlight a potential application of quinic acid as a biocontrol agent to manage thrips and expand our knowledge to breed thrips‐resistant eggplant. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Tropical moist convection as an important driver of Atlantic Hadley circulation variability
Authors: Tomassini Lorenzo , Yang Gui‐Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe exact role of moist deep convection and associated latent heating in the tropical Hadley circulation has been debated for many years. This study investigates the connection between moist convection and the strength of the upper‐level meridional circulation over the tropical Atlantic, focusing mainly on one particular boreal winter season. There is a close relationship between events of strong organised deep convection and enhanced meridional upper‐level wind on many occasions. A process‐based analysis of specific events suggests that moist convection impacts Hadley circulation variability on time‐scales of days to months through equatorial wave dynamics. Equatorial waves play an important role, both directly by contributing to the Hadley circulation via their meridional wind component and also indirectly by triggering moist convection through low‐level convergence. Specific Hadley circulation surge events, short‐term, regionally confined intensifications of the upper‐level meridional circulation, can be attributed to enhanced organised moist convection and equatorial wave activity in many cases, with implications for trade wind cloudiness. The findings thus elucidate how the mean Hadley circulation is shaped by and composed of temporally and spatially varying convection–circulation interactions.
Population Genetic Structure in Channeled Whelk Busycotypus canaliculatus along the U.S. Atlantic Coast
Authors: Askin Samantha E. , Fisher Robert A. , Biesack Ellen E. , Robins Rick , McDowell Jan R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobally, commercial fisheries for whelk (family Buccinidae) generally exhibit a boom‐and‐bust cycle that fuels overexploitation of resources. Channeled whelk Busycotypus canaliculatus is a commercially important species that supports a valuable fishery along the Atlantic coast of the United States. The fishery is managed at the state level, with minimum landing size varying by state. Biological studies of channeled whelk in New England and the mid‐Atlantic region have indicated that females have a low probability of maturity upon entering their respective fisheries. The life history characteristics of channeled whelk, including slow growth, late maturation, and direct development paired with unsuitable minimum landing size, make this species vulnerable to overexploitation. Currently, the population genetic structure of channeled whelk is unknown, impeding the ability to appropriately inform management. This study used 2,570 single nucleotide polymorphisms to elucidate the population genetic structure of channeled whelk sampled from 10 locations ranging from Massachusetts to South Carolina. The data indicated seven genetically distinct populations across the sampled region of the U.S. Atlantic coast. Estimates of genetic divergence among populations spanned an order of magnitude (FST = 0.017–0.582), with higher levels of divergence observed when comparing populations separated by biogeographic barriers. Based on the magnitude of observed genetic differences, five regional management units are suggested. The results of this study will aid discussions among fisheries managers in Atlantic states aimed at the development of appropriate management plans. The complex population genetic structure revealed by this study underscores the need for more comprehensive sampling, including between fishing locations sampled in this study and among offshore locations, to better understand the population genetic structure of channeled whelk.
A Skeletal Model for $$2\hbox {d}$$ Conformal AQFTs
Authors: Benini Marco , Giorgetti Luca , Schenkel Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA simple model for the localization of the category $$\mathbf {CLoc}_2$$

CLoc
2

of oriented and time-oriented globally hyperbolic conformal Lorentzian 2-manifolds at all Cauchy morphisms is constructed. This provides an equivalent description of 2-dimensional conformal algebraic quantum field theories (AQFTs) satisfying the time-slice axiom in terms of only two algebras, one for the 2-dimensional Minkowski spacetime and one for the flat cylinder, together with a suitable action of two copies of the orientation preserving embeddings of oriented 1-manifolds. The latter result is used to construct adjunctions between the categories of 2-dimensional and chiral conformal AQFTs whose right adjoints formalize and generalize Rehren’s chiral observables.
On Networks with Order Close to the Moore Bound
Authors: Tuite James , Erskine Grahame 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe degree/diameter problem for mixed graphs asks for the largest possible order of a mixed graph with given diameter and degree parameters. Similarly the degree/geodecity problem concerns the smallest order of a k-geodetic mixed graph with given minimum undirected and directed degrees; this is a generalisation of the classical degree/girth problem. In this paper we present new bounds on the order of mixed graphs with given diameter or geodetic girth and exhibit new examples of directed and mixed geodetic cages. In particular, we show that any k-geodetic mixed graph with excess one must have geodetic girth two and be totally regular, thereby proving an earlier conjecture of the authors.