bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENCES IN BEHAVIOR CAPTURE USING ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD OF NURSING HOMES ACROSS RESIDENT RACE AND ETHNICITY
Authors: Yun Hyunkyung , McCreedy Ellen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Agitated behaviors are under-reported in the Minimum Data Set (MDS), a standardized assessment of nursing home (NH) residents, which poses challenges for pragmatic trialists hoping to use routinely collected data to assess study eligibility and outcomes. Our recent study found that using Interventions to Reduce Acute Care Transfers (eINTERACT) and physician orders from EMR increases behavior identification over the MDS alone by 25.7% relative increase (14.8% (SD 35.6) by MDS only vs. 18.6% (SD 38.9) by supplemented by EMR) among NH long-stay residents with dementia. We extended that work to consider variations in behavioral capture by race and ethnicity. We used MDS and EMR from one large, non-profit corporation serving 19,705 residents from 312 NHs between January 2020 and August 2022. We found Black residents were more likely (11.2% vs. 10.5% in total sample) to be in NHs regularly using EMR, defined as the top quartile NHs based on the percent of residents in the NH with eINTERACT form; Latinx residents were less likely to be in NHs regularly using EMR (3.5% vs. 6.0% in total sample). Among NHs regularly using EMR (n=5,192 residents, 81 NHs), Black residents were less likely to have behaviors documented in both MDS (Blacks 9.7% vs. Whites 16.5%) and EMR (eINTERACT: Blacks 1.9% vs. Whites 3.7%; Orders: Blacks 2.6% vs. Whites 3.9%) despite higher share of moderate/severe cognitive impairment (63.1% vs. Whites 60.0%) and less antipsychotic use (16.4% vs. Whites 26.2%). This has implications for inclusion in pragmatic trials and receipt of possibly advantageous treatments.
THE MEN IN DEMENTIA CAREGIVING: UNDERSTANDING MEN’S EXPERIENCES
Authors: Lindauer Allison , Hepburn Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
About 30% of caregivers for family members with dementia are men, and their numbers are rising with the increasing prevalence of dementia. However, there is limited information in the extant literature about the number of men providing care to family members with dementia, their experiences, and their engagement in caregiving research. What is known is concerning. Men, like women, experience burden in the caregiving role and are at higher risk for health problems than non-caregivers. In addition, men may experience role confusion and feel unprepared to assume the caregiving role. Finally, little is known about what motivates men to participate in dementia caregiving research. Here we describe men’s experiences from three groups: Black American men, men caring for family members with primary progressive aphasia, and men caring for family members with advanced dementia. Along with quantitative and qualitative data, we will present findings from focus groups which center on men’s motivations for joining research studies, perceived benefits of research participation, and men’s concerns about research, including biospecimen collection. Unique insights and needs from each group will be addressed, along with strategies to promote recruitment and retention of men in caregiving research.
CARING FOR PERSONS LIVING WITH PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE MALE EXPERIENCE
Authors: Dowden Lauren , Morhardt Darby , Lucca Kaitlyn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a clinical syndrome that begins with language difficulties at symptom onset and for the initial phases of the disease. Multiple domains are affected over time, including behavior and personality changes. There are heterogeneous neuropathologic causes; namely, frontotemporal lobar degeneration or Alzheimer’s disease. While there is evidence that women comprise the majority of caregivers for persons living with dementia, little is known regarding sex and gender differences in the experience of caregiving. Studies on caregivers in persons with PPA are rare and none have explored gender differences in the PPA caregiving role. This study explores the male experience of caring for persons living with PPA analyzing in depth interviews from a sample of 17 male caregiving spouses who attend a monthly PPA care partner support group. Open-ended questions explore coping strategies, approaches to the caregiving role, help-seeking behaviors, use of services, and overall caregiver experience. This analysis describes the male experience of caregiving for persons with PPA, highlights their unique needs over the illness course and provides a nuanced understanding of the gendered caregiver role within the context of a specific clinical profile versus broader dementia categories.
THE PROMISE OF FITNESS, HEALTH, AND DIGNITY FOR OLDER ADULTS: A SHOWCASE OF EARLY CAREER RESEARCH IN THE OAIC NETWORK
Authors: Bandeen-Roche Karen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The NIH-funded Older Americans Independence Centers (OAICs) aim to produce scientific knowledge allowing older adults to maintain or restore their independence. This national network has a key mission to develop the next generation of investigators and leaders in aging research. Individual OAICs achieve this mission through pilot funding and career development grants, activities and mentorship. The OAIC Coordinating Center additionally provides funding, programming, and an Early Career Faculty Working Group dedicated to fostering emerging scholars. This proposed first-annual GSA showcase features three OAIC-affiliated early career faculty nominated by the Early Career Faculty Working Group based on their receipt of national multi-center pilot awards or invited presentation of their work at monthly OAIC Directors virtual meetings or at the OAIC National Meeting. The talks selected for this symposium illustrate the highly interdisciplinary nature of the OAICs. Juan Pablo Palavicini (UTHSA) will present cross-species pilot work with Andrew Murton (UTMB) to evaluate whether myriocin may inhibit ceramide synthesis, and ultimately preserve muscle and insulin sensitivity in obese older adults. Emma Barber (Northwestern) will present work demonstrating association of heart and respiratory parameters with frailty—and of preoperative physical activity with post-operative complications—in older gynecologic oncology patients, laying groundwork for interventions. Cameron Gettel (Yale) will present findings documenting substantial emergency department use and expenditures by older adults in the last 180 days of life, using Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey data. The symposium concludes with a panel and open discussion addressing aging research career and science topics.
REVERSING INSULIN RESISTANCE AND SARCOPENIA BY LOWERING TOXIC CERAMIDES IN OBESE NONHUMAN PRIMATES
Authors: Palavicini Juan , Murton Andrew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Obese and old individuals are at heightened risk of developing insulin resistance, sarcopenia, and frailty. Specifically, we found that older obese men experience a diminished capacity to synthesize new muscle proteins in response to exogenous amino acids, a process pivotal for the maintenance of muscle mass and quality. Our ability to recreate this “anabolic resistance” to nutrition in lean young individuals through the acute infusion of lipid to induce obese-like ectopic lipid accumulation, suggests that the accumulation of lipid represents a pivotal mechanism by which the responsiveness of muscle to dietary amino acids diminishes with obesity. Ceramides are a class of lipids that have been associated with multiple negative metabolic effects and hallmarks of aging including insulin resistance, apoptosis, mitochondria disfunction, senescence, and inflammation. Using a variety of lipidomics approaches in combination with mouse models of obesity and diabetes, we have consistently found that ceramides accumulate in insulin sensitive organs, including muscle. Given prior evidence that protein synthesis is inhibited in human muscle cells subjected to ceramide treatment, which occurs in concert with the inhibition of mTOR signaling, a key driver of protein translation, we hypothesized that ceramides are major drivers of both insulin resistance and frailty. Here we will report how myriocin, an inhibitor of ceramide synthesis, restores insulin resistance in obese and diabetic mice. Findings from our ongoing pilot study in non-human primates to examine if myriocin improves insulin resistance and the anabolic response of muscle to diet in obese marmosets also will be reported.
THROUGH THE LENS OF THEORY: APPROACHES TO BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION IN AGING ADULTS
Authors: Curtis Ashley , McCrae Christina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A shortage of geriatric mental health providers, limited efficacy of pharmacological agents for cognition, sleep and associated functioning, as well as polypharmacy-related side effects, has prompted research on behavioral interventions. Several behavioral interventions show promise for improving cognition and associated functioning, but optimization of treatments according to target end-user needs and characteristics is needed. This symposium describes psychosocial theory-based approaches for optimization and evaluation of behavioral interventions for aging adults. Dr. Ashley Curtis (Chair) will introduce the session. Paper 1 applies a biopsychosocial model to evaluation of cognitive training benefits and describes how intervention expectations and game engagement impact training benefits in middle-aged/older adults. Paper 2 discusses an iterative optimization process for a multi-modal positive psychiatry intervention for older adults that targets psychological wellness, health, and resilience. Paper 3 describes a user-centered mixed-methods evaluation of needs/preferences of grandparents raising grandchildren for behavioral sleep treatment and proposes recommendations for optimization of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). Paper 4 describes mixed-methods optimization of web-based CBT-I for rural dementia caregivers and presents preliminary efficacy for sleep, arousal, cognition, and associated outcomes. Dr. Christina McCrae (Discussant) will integrate findings and discuss areas for future investigation. In sum, this symposium applies a theoretical lens to the optimization and evaluation of behavioral interventions for improving cognition, sleep and associated functioning in mid-to-late life. Thus, this session will provide recommendations for precision medicine-based tailoring of digital/multi-modal interventions that can be easily disseminated (online/in the community), to maximize improvement of psychological and behavioral wellbeing of aging adults.
MIXED METHODS OPTIMIZATION OF BEHAVIORAL SLEEP TREATMENT FOR GRANDPARENTS RAISING GRANDCHILDREN
Authors: Stearns Melanie , Curtis Ashley , McCrae Christina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Grandparents raising grandchildren (GRG) report greater sleep problems compared to non-caregiving grandparents. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is an evidence-based treatment for insomnia; however, the needs of older individuals caring for young children differ from the typical adult who receives CBT-I. Thus, we examined behavioral sleep treatment preferences and collected qualitative and quantitative sleep data from GRG to inform the adaptation of CBT-I for them. The sample consisted of 99 grandparents (Mage=53.62, 70% female) who reported being the primary caregiver of their grandchild (&gt;17 years old). Participants reported on treatment preferences and provided open-ended responses to what negatively impacts their sleep and what they think might improve their sleep. Participants also completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Based on SOL (Mean=43min) reported on the PSQI, 55% (N=56) of GRG met insomnia criteria. Most GRG (54%) preferred online treatment (27%-in person, 18%-telehealth) and 60% reported they would rather have a behavioral treatment instead of sleep medication to improve their sleep. GRG reported that their stress, anxiety, family issues, and poor grandchild sleep negatively impact their sleep and that stress reduction, greater social support, bedtime routines, and better sleep habits for their grandchildren would likely improve their sleep. These results suggest that GRG prefer online behavioral sleep treatment compared to other modalities (in-person, telehealth) and sleep medication. They may also benefit from a CBT-I which also targets grandchild sleep, reduces stress/anxiety, and helps promote more positive family relationships. Thus, there is a need to adapt CBT-I for their needs.
MENTAL HEALTH IMPACT OF BULLYING BY ETHNIC PEERS IN SENIOR HOUSING: A STUDY WITH OLDER KOREAN AMERICAN RESIDENTS
Authors: Jang Yuri , Park Juyoung , Rhee Min-Kyoung , Lee Hi-Woo , Park Nan Sook , Chung Soondool 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bullying, a persistent negative interpersonal behavior directed at a specific individual or a group of individuals, is often associated with youth in school settings and young adults in the workplace. However, peer bullying is also common among older populations. Particularly in senior housing, where individuals with diverse backgrounds and characteristics reside in close proximity and where relocation is often not feasible, peer-to-peer aggressive behaviors are of concern. The purpose of the present study is to examine the experience of peer bullying and its mental health effects among ethnic minority older residents in subsidized senior housing. Surveys were administered to Korean Americans aged 65 and older (N = 343) in six senior housing facilities in the greater Los Angeles area. Multivariate regression models were used to examine the effect of being either a target or a witness of bullying on mental health outcomes, after controlling for covariates. About 18% of the sample had been a target of bullying, and over 31% had witnessed someone being bullied. Being a target of bullying was a significant predictor for both depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas witnessing other residents being bullied was a significant predictor for anxiety only. These findings shed light on the common experience of bullying among ethnic minority older residents in senior housing as well as the adverse mental health impacts of peer bullying. Findings highlight the need for effective programs (e.g., awareness program, bystander education, and assertive communication training) to promote healthy interpersonal relationships in senor housing.
ELDER ABUSE PROSECUTION WITHOUT VICTIM COOPERATION: A DECISION-MAKING MODEL FOR PROSECUTORS
Authors: Koss Catheryn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Victims of elder abuse frequently refuse to cooperate with the prosecution of their abusers, especially if the accused is a spouse or other family member. What little guidance there is on how prosecutors should proceed in these situations tends to focus on evidentiary challenges and strategies to overcome them. While victims and prosecutors share the common overarching goal of addressing the problem of abuse, they may differ on how best to achieve that goal or at what cost. Victims may prioritize maintaining their relationships with their abusers and protecting their loved ones from the consequences of their actions. They may also fear loss of independence or placement in a long-term care facility. Prosecutors tend to prioritize preventing future abuse by keeping the abuser away from the victim and/or by reforming the abuser’s behavior. Prosecution sends a message that abuse is a serious crime that will not be tolerated, potentially having a deterrent effect by putting other potential abusers on notice that they too will likely be punished. This presentation will examine the common barriers to participation elder abuse victims face and the concerns elder abuse victims may have about prosecuting their abusers. Then, drawing on existing elder abuse scholarship as well as debates about this issue from the intimate partner violence literature, the presenter will share a novel decision-making framework - grounded in trauma-informed practices - that prosecutors and others may use to weigh the victim’s interests against the state’s interests in prosecuting the accused.
LESSONS LEARNED FROM A FIVE-YEAR STUDY ON PREVENTING SELF-NEGLECT AMONG AT-RISK HEALTH CARE PATIENTS IN TEXAS
Authors: Ejaz Farida , Reynolds Courtney 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This presentation focuses on lessons learned from a study on preventing self-neglect among healthcare patients that is currently featured as a Success on the Administration for Community Living’s Elder Justice webpage. Collaborators included researchers, a large healthcare system, and Adult Protective Services. We focused on preventing self-neglect by identifying older and disabled patients from 19 primary care clinics with risk factors for self-neglect such as depression and dementia. Clinics were randomized to intervention (patients received 4-months of case management) and control (usual care) conditions, and 477 randomly selected patients participated. The sample was predominantly Hispanic (68%) and low income (&lt; $1,361). The lessons learned have important implications for practice, policy, and future research. For example, language mattered when recruiting study participants and the term ‘self-neglect’ needed to be softened. Despite paying $25-$35 for an interview, the response rate was approximately 30%, leading to timeline delays. Intervention group patients (285) who were interviewed at home had higher response rates than control patients (192) interviewed at the clinic/other settings. Thus, conducting home assessments for self-neglect and offering case management to at-risk patients was feasible. In general, at-risk patients were not self-neglecting but had a variety of needs (823 total needs) such as food insecurity and home modifications and needed service referrals (total 1,226 referrals). Needs were met 65% of the time. Barriers to service utilization included refusals. Discussion will focus on how the lessons learned can help research-practice collaborations prevent self-neglect among low-income, minority populations and prepare for challenges in the field.
PREIMPLEMENTATION OF A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM FOR VETERANS LIVING IN COMMUNITY NURSING HOMES
Authors: Carpenter Joan , Kutney-Lee Ann , Murray Andrew , Ersek Mary 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We designed Preferences Elicited and Respected for Seriously Ill Veterans through Enhanced Decision-Making (PERSIVED), a five-year VA-funded quality improvement program, to support VA clinicians with data and tools to ensure consistent documentation of life sustaining treatment (LST) preferences for Veterans who receive care in community nursing homes (CNHs). Guided by the VA Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) Roadmap for Implementation and Quality Improvement, we designed the pre-implementation phase. Over 5 months, we conducted virtual meetings with partners at six VA CNH programs to: 1) engage site leadership and recruit champions; 2) assess barriers and facilitators to documenting LST preferences; 3) develop process maps of existing workflows; and 4) evaluate baseline knowledge, skills and resources related to these clinical practices. Through individual interviews (n=41) and 14 meetings with clinical and administrative partners, we recruited 19 champions. Common barriers included lack of knowledge/training and confusion about roles/responsibilities among VA CNH program clinicians. Facilitators included access to VA and CNH electronic medical records and positive relationships among VA and CNH staff. Across the programs in this sample, process maps revealed variability in formal systems for ensuring LST documentation in CNHs and VA. Using these findings, we tailored educational resources, developed site-specific audit tools for tracking VA and CNH LST documentation, and created processes that integrated LST documentation into existing VA CNH program workflows. Pre-implementation proved to be a critical step to ensure success and guided us in developing individualized implementation plans and addressing potential challenges to evidence-based practice adoption.
SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE DECLINE IN OLDER ADULTS BY SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER IDENTITY
Authors: Akre Ellesse-Roselee , Miller Katherine , Barbee Harry , McKay Tara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
LGBTQ+ adults experience a high risk of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) due to increased exposure to stressors that threaten cognitive health. Yet, researchers know little about how the risk of SCD varies by sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI). We examine how SCD differs by SOGI using Wave 1 of the Vanderbilt University Social Networks, Aging, and Policy Study survey of LGBTQ+ adults aged 50-76 residing in the South (n=1256). We assess subjective cognitive health using an index of self-reported cognitive difficulties, many of which have been used in validated instruments. Using linear probability models, we examine the association of SCD with SOGI. To identify significant differences, we use standardized differences &gt;10% in the average predicted probability of reporting ≥1 cognitive difficulty across SOGI, after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Forty percent of respondents reported ≥1 cognitive difficulty. Bisexual individuals have the highest likelihood of SCD (54%), while lesbian/gay respondents had the lowest (39%). Across gender identities, gender non-conforming persons have the highest predicted probability of SCD (57%), followed by transgender men (54%), transgender women (48%), females/assigned female at birth (40%), and males/assigned male at birth (39%). Standardized differences are &gt;10% across all comparisons. We find evidence that the prevalence of ≥1 cognitive difficulty in the sample of LGBTQ+ adults varies significantly by SOGI. Comprehensive SOGI health data from all US states is essential to accurately gauge SCD prevalence among LGBTQ+ older adults and to ensure inclusive clinical and public health interventions for populations at higher risk of cognitive impairment.
ELDER MISTREATMENT AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING: FINDINGS AMONG CHINESE OLDER ADULTS IN THE US
Authors: Jin Guoping , Tang Fengyan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Elder mistreatment disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minority older adults, particularly Chinese older adults in the U.S., who face increased risks due to cultural disparities, intergenerational conflicts, and socioeconomic disparities. While elder mistreatment is known to compromise cognitive health as a stressful life event, research in racial/ethnic minority populations is limited. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating the longitudinal effects of elder mistreatment on cognitive decline over time among older Chinese Americans. Latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) was applied in a sample of Chinese older adults residing in the Greater Chicago area, drawn from the population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (2011-2019), comprising 2,811 participants across four waves of assessment. Elder mistreatment was assessed using a comprehensive instrument at baseline and follow-ups to evaluate its prevalence and incidence, respectively. Cognitive performance tests were administered across four waves to track change trajectory. Compared with respondents without mistreatment reports at baseline, those reporting mistreatment exhibited better cognitive functioning (B = 0.07, p&lt;.05). Those who reported being mistreated at follow-ups showed a faster cognitive decline (B = -0.04, p&lt;.05). Neither mistreatment prevalence nor incidence was associated with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline. The results indicate that recent and potentially cumulative experiences of elder mistreatment have a negative effect on cognitive decline, underscoring the critical need for prevention, detection, and mitigation of elder mistreatment. Furthermore, culturally tailored practices and policies are needed to address elder mistreatment issues within the Chinese minority community.