bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaria Vectors Insecticide resistance profiling and Long Lasting Insecticide-treated Nets bioefficacy in Ebolowa, an urban area of South Cameroon
Authors: Efa Salomon , Elanga-Ndille Emmanuel , Poumachu Yacouba , Tene Billy , Mikande Jacqueline Ze , Zakariaou Njoumémi , Wondji Charles , Ndo Cyrille 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundContinuous monitoring of insecticide resistance in malaria vector populations is crucial to help maintaining the efficacy of insecticide-based vector control strategies. The present study evaluated insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambaie s.l. and its impact on the efficacy of Long Lasting Insecticide-treated Nets (LLINs) in the city of Ebolowa, prior the next bednets mass distribution campaign in Cameroon.MethodsMosquitoes were collected as larvae and reared to adulthood. Females aged 3 to 4 days were exposed the insecticides according to the WHO tube test protocol, to determine their resistance profile. The bioefficacy of LLINs was determined using the WHO cone test protocol. Pyrethroids-synergist combined tests were used to search for metabolic resistance mechanisms. Molecular analysis helped investigating presence of mutations conferring resistance, as well as identifying mosquito species.ResultsAnopheles coluzzii, the dominant (99%) species of An. gambiae s.l complex found in Ebolowa, was full susceptible to Carbamates and Organophosphates, but resistant to all pyrethroids insecticides. Resistance was moderate for deltamethrin (mortality: 37%, 70% and 99% for 1x, 5x and 10x insecticide concentration, respectively) but rather high for permethrin (5% for 1x; 62% for 5x and 75% for 10x) and for alphacypermethrin (4.4% for 1x; 57% for 5x and 80% for 10x). All the LLINs tested were ineffective against the field strain with mortalities less than 50%. Synergist test indicated cytochrome P450 are fully involved in resistance against deltamethrin, but partially for the other two pyrethroids tested. The L1014F (kdr-West) mutation was present at a high frequency (75%) showing a significant association with resistance to permethrin (OR = 3.8; 95%; CI [1.9 - 7.4]; P < 0.0001) and alphacypermethrin (OR = 3; 95%; CI [1.6 - 5.4]; P = 0.0002). ConclusionThe high level of resistance to pyrethroids detected in An. colluzzii from Ebolowa is of concerns for malaria control as it threatens the efficacy of LLINs used in the city. For good management of resistance observed, the National Malaria Control Program should privilege distribution of new net formulations in this locality such as PBO-deltamethrin combined nets or new generation nets.
Simultaneous delivery of docetaxel and tariquidar to chemoresistance cancer cells using functionalized lipid nanocarriers
Authors: Kim Chang Hyun , Lee Sangkil , Choi Ji Yeh , Lyu Min Jeong , Jung Hyun Min , Goo Yoon Tae , Kang Myung Joo , Choi Young Wook 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The simultaneous administration of tariquidar (TRQ) with docetaxel (DTX) using a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) functionalized with PEG (5mol%) and RIPL peptide (PRN) was constructed to overcome the multidrug resistance caused by DTX administration alone.
Results
Either DTX or TRQ loaded PRN (D-PRN or T-PRN) and both DTX and TRQ loaded PRN (D/T-PRN) were prepared using the solvent emulsification evaporation technique. NLC samples showed homogeneous spherical morphology with nano-sized dispersion (< 220 nm) and ZP values from − 15 mV to − 7 mV. DTX and/or TRQ was successfully encapsulated in NLC samples (> 95% EE and 73–78 µg/mg DL. In vitro cytotoxicity was concentration-dependent, and D/T-PRN exhibited the highest MDR reversal efficiency with the lowest combination index value. D/T-PRN increased the apoptotic cell death in MCF7/ADR cells by inducing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. In a competitive cellular uptake assay, the single nanocarrier system exhibited better intracellular delivery efficiency of multiple probes to target cells compared to dual nanocarrier system. In the MCF7/ADR-xenografted mouse models, co-delivery with D/T-PRN significantly suppressed tumor growth compared to the other treatments.
Conclusions
Co-delivery of DTX/TRQ (1:1, w/w) using PRN will be a promising strategy against drug-resistant breast cancer cells.
Predictive worth of estimated glucose disposal rate: evaluation in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome and non-diabetic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Liu Chi , Liu Xiaoli , Ma Xiaoteng , Cheng Yujing , Sun Yan , Zhang Dai , Zhao Qi , Zhou Yujie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Measurement of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has been demonstrated to be an indicator of insulin resistance (IR) and a risk sign for long-term outcomes in those with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) having coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). After elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the usefulness of eGDR for prognosis in those with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) and non-diabetes is yet unknown.Methods: 1510 NSTE-ACS patients with non-diabetes who underwent elective PCI in 2015 (Beijing Anzhen Hospital) were included in this study. Major adverse cardio-cerebral events (MACCEs), such as all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and also ischemia-driven revascularization, were the main outcome of follow-up. The average number of follow-up months was 41.84.Results: After multivariate Cox regression tests with confounder adjustment, the occurrence of MACCE in the lower eGDR cluster was considerably higher than in the higher eGDR cluster, demonstrating that eGDR is an independent prognostic indicator of MACCEs. In particular, as continuous variate: hazard ratio (HR) of 1.337, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.201-1.488, P < 0.001. eGDR improves the predictive power of usual cardiovascular risk factors for the primary endpoint. Specifically, the results for the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, this is AUC, were: baseline model + eGDR 0.699 vs. baseline model 0.588; P for contrast < 0.001; continuous net reclassification improvement (continuous-NRI) = 0.089, P < 0.001; and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) = 0.017, P < 0.001.Conclusion: Low eGDR levels showed a strong correlation with poor NSTE-ACS prognosis for nondiabetic patients undergoing PCI.
Effects of Job Conditions, Fear of Infecting by Covid-19 and Emotional Intelligence on Occupational Stress Among Nurses During Covid-19 Pandemic Process: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: ÇEVİK Semra AKKÖZ , ÖZALP Seda , DAŞDEMİR Ayşegül 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted to determine the effects of job conditions, fear of infecting by Covid-19 and emotional intelligence on occupational stress among nurses during covid-19 pandemic process.
Methods
This study was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study with 193 nurses working in xxx University Research and Practice hospital between October 26 and December 31, 2020. The data of the study were collected using the Survey and Job Stress Questionnaire. In the evaluation of the data, t-test, one-way variance analysis ( ANOVA), pearson Correlation were used. p < 0.05 value was accepted as statistically significant.
Results
Mean score of the nurses participating in the study was 16.49 ± 2.30 and 0.92 ± 0.19 for workload and job stress subscales of Job Stress Questionnaire, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the department where nurses worked during the pandemic, the fear of infecting their family with Covid-19, status of loving the profession and the status of willingness to come to the hospital on the working day and the Job Stress Questionnaire values (p < .05). A positive correlation was found between the working year and workload and work stress (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our results indicated that healthcare professionals were under a lot of stress during the pandemic, they were too tired and they had very high working hours. High fear of infecting their families with this disease due to their profession and not being willing to come to the hospital on the shift day were factors increasing stress.
WITHDRAWN: Chemical kinetics of exothermic reactions in small spaces
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A fundamental understanding of the interactions and transformations of materials within very small spaces is of both fundamental and practical significance. However, the chemical kinetics of exothermic reactions in small spaces remains unclear and warrants further study. This study relates to the chemical kinetics of exothermic reactions in small spaces. Simulations are conducted to gain insights into exothermic performance such as reaction rates and flames. The factors affecting exothermic characteristics are determined for millimeter-scale exothermic reaction systems. Particular focus is placed on determining essential factors that affect the performance of millimeter-scale exothermic reaction systems. The results indicate that the rate or speed at which the reactants combine is high, in part because of the nature of the chemical reaction itself and in part because more energy is generated than can escape into the surrounding medium, with the result that the temperature of the reactants is raised to accelerate the reaction even more. When equilibrium between the total heat energies of the reactants and the total heat energies of the products is reached, combustion stops. Flames are multiform and are capable of existing at quite low temperatures, as well as at extremely high temperatures. The emission of light in the flame results from the presence of excited particles and, usually, of charged atoms and molecules and of electrons. Combustion encompasses a great variety of phenomena with wide application in industry, the sciences, and professions, and the application is based on knowledge of physics, chemistry, and mechanics; their interrelationship becomes particularly evident in treating flame propagation.
Proapoptotic and proautophagy effect of H1- receptor antagonist desloratadine in human glioblastoma cell lines
Authors: Vidicevic-Novakovic Sasenka , Stanojevic Zeljka , Tomonjic Nina , Karapandza Katarina , Zekovic Janko , Grujicic Danica , Ilic Rosanda , Raicevic Savo , Tasic Jelena , Isakovic Aleksandra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aims: Glioblastomas are aggressive and usually incurable high grade gliomas without adequate treatment. In this study we aimed to investigate the potential of desloratadine to induce apoptosis/autophagy as genetically regulated processes that can seal cancer cell fates.Materials and methods: All experiments were performed on U251 human glioblastoma cell line and primary human glioblastoma cell culture. Cytotoxic effect of desloratadine was investigated using MTT and CV assays while oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy were detected by flow cytometry and immunoblot.Results: Desloratadine treatment decreased cell viability of U251 human glioblastoma cell line and primary human glioblastoma cell culture (IC50 value 50 µM) trough an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species and caspase activity. Also, desloratadine decreased the expression of main autophagy repressor mTOR and its upstream activator Akt and increased the expression of AMPK. Conclusion: Desloratadine exerted dual cytotoxic effect inducing both, apoptosis and mTOR/AMPK dependent cytotoxic autophagy in glioblastoma cells and primary glioblastoma cell culture
RDPNet: A single-path lightweight CNN with re-parameterization for CPU-type edge devices
Authors: Xu Jiarui , Zhao Yufeng , Xu Fei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Deep convolutional neural networks have produced excellent results when utilized for image classification tasks, and they are being applied in a growing number of contexts. Model inference on edge devices is challenging due to the unending complicated structures needed to improve performance, which adds a significant computing burden.According to recent research, the often utilized residual structure in models does not support model inference. The idea of structural reparameterization is put out to address this shortcoming. The RepVGG produced with this method is a high-performance, quick-inference single-path network.
Even after reparameterization, the model still needs GPUs and other specialized computing libraries to accelerate inference, however this still has a limit on how quickly the model can infer at the edge. We construct RDPNet using depthwise separable convolution and structural reparameterization to further reduce model size and accelerate inference. When utilizing an Intel CPU, this is a straightforward network that may be utilized for inference. For re-parameterization, we specifically adopt Depthwise separable convolution as the basic convolution form. Create a multi-branch model for training on the training side, and then simplify it into a single-branch model that the edge devices can easily infer. Research demonstrates that compared to alternative lightweight networks that can attain SOTA performance, RDPNet offers a superior trade-off between accuracy and latency.
Evaluation of Challenges Associated with Solid Waste Management in the City of Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Iraguha Fidele , Ramelan Ari Handono , Setyono Prabang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Increasing environmental pollution is caused by various factors, including an increase in the human population, which increases the amount of waste disposed of. One of the issues that the community and city managers face in Kigali is the presence of garbage. Individual behavior, attitudes, and public perceptions play a role in waste management as obstacles. This study aims to identify, understand, and evaluate the challenges faced in managing solid waste in Kigali. This study used a mixed-method approach. Data were collected through field observation, questionnaires, and interviews to analyze the challenges associated with solid waste management. The data were analyzed by using Jamovi software. The results showed a low community behavior and attitudes toward waste management; ignoring waste management harms the environment and public health. Hostile community behavior, such as throwing trash in illegal dumping, causes waste to accumulate and other problems. The results indicated that WM laws and regulations have not been appropriately implemented and lack awareness and a limited understanding of solid waste management. Kigali city does not recover energy from waste, and Kigali city lacks proper waste management facilities and treatment skills.
Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Covid-19 Mortality in Brazilian Municipalities: an approach supported by clustering
Authors: Lima Hélder Seixas , Silva Petrônio Cândido de Lima e , Meira Wagner , Guimarães Frederico Gadelha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic affected Brazil with severity. Brazil is a large country characterized by significant socioeconomic inequalities among its regions. This study aimed to check the sociodemographic factors associated with the Covid-19 mortality rate in Brazilian municipalities. This paper is an ecological study that analyzed data of the first three death waves, with Brazilian municipalities as a unit of analysis. Municipalities were clusterized based on their vulnerabilities in the face of Covid-19. The results show that, from the second death wave in the country, the municipalities with lower social vulnerability were more likely to have a higher mortality level than the other municipalities. The results also show that, among the attributes analyzed, the urban population percentage was the one that most strongly contributed to a municipality being more likely to have a higher level of mortality. Finally, this work demonstrated that using municipality clustering contributes to a more thoughtful and accurate analysis of correlations in ecological studies.
Assessing the effects of Multivariate Functional outlier identification and sample robustification on identifying critical PM2.5 air pollution episodes in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Alzate Luis Miguel Roldán , Zuluaga Francisco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Identification of critical episodes of environmental pollution, both as a outlier identification problem and as a classification problem, is a usual application of multivariate functional data analysis. This article addresses the effects of robustifying multivariate functional samples on the identification of critical pollution episodes in Medell´ın, Colombia. To do so, it compares 18 depth-based outlier identification methods and highlights the best options in terms of precision through simulation. It then applies the two methods with the best performance to robustify a real dataset of air pollution (PM2.5 concentration) in the Metropolitan Area of Medell´ın, Colombia and compares the effects of robustifying the samples on the accuracy of supervised classification through the multivariate functional DD-classifier. Our results show that 10 out of 20 methods revised perform better in at least one kind outliers. Nevertheless, no clear positive effects of robustification were identified with the real dataset.
Review of new technologies used for meat identification
Authors: Kornienko V. Yu. , Fomina T. A. , Minaev M. Yu. 
Published: July 2022

The present article represents an analysis of trends in development of test-systems for identification of meat. These test systems are commonly used in food production and research laboratories. The relevance of development of methods for identification of meat kinds is related not only to the food restrictions, which are practiced in some religions and related to consumption of certain types of meat, but also with the hygienic aspects of food production. Also, this research is inspired also by the acute issue of food products adulteration and the replacement of one type of meat with another one. The article considers the trends in the develop ment of microanalysis method that use immunochromatic research, i. e. methods based on molecular biology. Also this article considers the devices that do not use chromatographic methods of analysis. Examples of the development of test systems based on various methods of analysis for the identification of meat are given below. Attention is focused on the prospects of combining these methods, including colorimetric methods for identification of meat. It is also specified that the emergence of new dyes and new enzyme systems, suitable for use in enzyme-immunoassay, can enhance the sensitivity of these test systems. It is also noted that the development of technologies associated with sorbents can contribute to a better separation of the test substrates and this way to increase the sensitivity of the test in case of small amounts of test substrate. It is also noted that the use of various types of iso thermal amplification can reduce the analysis time necessary for meat identification. Various schemes of devices for microanalysis are given; their advantages and disadvantages are listed. An example of proteomes application for meat identification is given. It is shown that this method can also be applied in the heat treatment of meat. The prospects for the development of such devices are analyzed. It is concluded that the development of systems for microanalysis in the form of quick tests is quite relevant and promis ing. It is indicated that theoretically in the future such analytical systems, due to the use of microfluidic technologies, will be able to combine several methods. The authors proposed to use machine-aided cognition methods to analyze data obtained from similar test systems in order to increase their sensitivity.
N-Ethylmaleimide influenced the evaluation of disulfide cross-links in the oxidized myofibrillar proteins using the non-reducing SDS-PAGE
Authors: Wang W. , Wang S. , Li S. 
Published: July 2022

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) on the evaluation of disulfide formation in the oxi dized myofibrillar proteins during the sample preparation of the non-reducing SDS-PAGE procedure. For this purpose, extracted myofibrillar proteins were oxidized firstly via a Fenton oxidation reaction, and non-oxidized proteins were used as a control. Before running SDS-PAGE, in the sample preparation, these oxidized and non-oxidized proteins were prepared according to the three dif ferent sample preparation methods with or without the presence of N-Ethylmaleimide or β-mercaptoethanol. Results showed that oxidized proteins treated with NEM regardless of sample preparation methods presented attenuated bands of myosin heavy chain monomer in the non-reducing SDS-PAGE gels, suggesting that the disulfide bonds formed as a result of protein oxidation could be preserved by NEM during sample preparation. Meanwhile, a possible mechanism for the effect of NEM was proposed.
HIV em gestantes e os desafios para o cuidado no pré-natal
Authors: Fernandes Danielle Lamon , Gomes Elisângela do Nascimento Fernandes , Souza Alessandra da Silva , Godinho Jannaina Sther Leite , Silva Eliara Adelino da , Silva Geisa Sereno Velloso da 
Published: July 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivos identificar os principais desafios dos profissionais de saúde para realizar o pré-natal em gestantes com HIV positivo e descrever sobre as estratégias para prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, de caráter descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa. A revisão de literatura visa dar aos pesquisadores acesso direto a tudo o que foi escrito ou falado sobre um tópico específico. O método desta pesquisa é qualitativo, de acordo com a literatura, responde a questões bastante específicas, com foco na subjetividade do objetivo. Nas ciências sociais, concentram-se no nível de realidade que não pode ser quantificado. Resultados: Os desafios identificados nas pesquisas enfrentadas pelos profissionais de saúde para realização do pré-natal das gestantes portadoras de HIV foram: medo do diagnóstico, preconceito da doença, uso de drogas e falta de capacitação profissional. A principais estratégias para prevenção da transmissão vertical pelo vírus do HIV foram: diagnóstico precoce do HIV, busca ativa das gestantes e o aconselhamento. Conclusão: Desta forma, a capacitação profissional e implementação de novas estratégias para o dignostico precoce da gestação e do HIV são essenciais para uma assistencia de qualidade no pré-natal. Fazendo com que a prevenção do HIV e a diminuição dos índices de transmissão vertical sejam cada vez mais evidentes e perceptíveis nos boletins epidemiológicos e para toda população mundial.
Palavras-Chave: Enfermagem; Gestantes; HIV; Pré-natal.