bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Development of a Pectin-Based Food Ink from Locally Sourced Durian Rind Waste for Possible Use as a 3D Printable Food Material
Authors: MASHHOR NUR SYAFIQAH , MOHAMAD FUZI SITI FATIMAH ZAHARAH , ABDULLAH NORAZLIN , ASMAN SALIZA 
Published: June 2022

Durian (Durio zibethinus) is a popular seasonal fruit in Southeast Asia. Pectin can be extracted from the rind. Pectin is an excellent source of fibre and is available in two forms: high and low methoxyl pectin. Both of these types of substances can be employed as gelling agents. As such, the purpose of this research is to partially characterise durian pectin in order to facilitate the development of a pectin-based edible ink formulation. Four formulations of pectin-based food ink were developed and evaluated using a rheometer to determine the viscoelastic properties, a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) to determine the chemical functional groups available, and thermogravimetric analysis to determine the thermal stability using durian rind waste pectin and commercial pectin. The results indicated that durian pectin contains a low amount of methoxyl (LM) at 2.48 ± 0.31%, which is appropriate for the development of food ink, whereas commercial pectin has a high methoxyl (HM) content of 28.72 ± 0.47%. With viscosities of 31759.20 Pa/s and 7482.62 Pa/s, formulations 3 and 4 of LM pectin exhibited the highest viscoelastic properties. The third and fourth formulations of HM pectin, as well as the third and fourth formulations of LM pectin, contain components that include the alcohol, carbonyl compound, and carbonyl group are found in both pectin granules. The LM pectin formulation 2 offers the highest thermal stability (32.00% residual weight) and the lowest weight loss percentage (57.15%). Due to its capacity to form gel, the LM result demonstrated potential for use in the formulation of edible ink. Additionally, it can be used as a polymeric crosslinker in conjunction with other materials.
Pengaruh Lama Penyimpanan Terhadap Nilai pH Dadih Fortifikasi Vitamin D3
Authors: Meilina Ayu , Nazarena Yunita , Hartati Yu 
Published: June 2022

Research on 504 women aged 18-40 years found the average serum concentration of 25(OH)D was 48 nmol/L with the incidence of vitamin D deficiency as much as 63%. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with several metabolic diseases. This incident can be controlled with fortification of vitamin D which is usually given to dairy products and their processed products. Dadih is the result of spontaneously fermenting buffalo milk at a temperature of 28°-32°C for 24-48 hours in a bamboo tube. pH is an important factor that affects the survival of lactic acid bacteria found in fermented products. Decrease in pH along with an increase in total acid. The higher the total acid, the lower the pH of Dadih. This study aims to test the stability of the pH value of Dadih during storage at cold temperatures for 28 days. This study used an experimental study with five treatments repeated duplo. Measurement of the pH value of Dadih using the standard method used by PT. Saraswati Indo Genetech with No. Instructions SNI 01-2891-1992 point 16. Analysis showed that the pH value of Dadih fortified vitamin D3 in cold storage remained stable for 28 days. In conclusion, there was no damage to Dadih fortified vitamin D3, so it was safe for consumption. Future research is expected to measure the effectiveness of fortified vitamin D3 in Dadih.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) HASIL FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN RAGI ROTI SELAMA < 24 JAM DENGAN KONSENTRASI NUTRISI YEAST 4% B/V
Authors: Negari Dynda Farisa Cahya , Lusiani Cucuk Evi 
Published: June 2022

Indonesia merupakan negara dengan iklim tropis yang menjadi salah satu eksportir buah kelapa terbesar di dunia setelah Filipina. Luas perkebunan kelapa Indonesia mencapai 3,86 juta hektar atau setara dengan 31,2% total dari perkebunan kelapa di dunia. Pohon kelapa banyak tumbuh di daerah pantai dengan ketinggian pohon mencapai hingga 30 meter. Pohon kelapa dapat dimanfaatkan mulai dari akar hingga daun. Salah satu bagian yang memiliki banyak manfaat yaitu buah kelapa yang dapat diolah menjadi minyak kelapa murni atau biasa disebut Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) melalui proses fermentasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu fermentasi terhadap karakteristik fisik virgin coconut oil (VCO) hasil fermentasi menggunakan ragi roti selama < 24 jam dengan konsentrasi nutrisi yeast 4% (b/v). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan variabel waktu fermentasi selama 6, 12, dan 18 jam menggunakan starter dari ragi roti dengan komposisi 1 g ragi roti, 2 g gula, dan 50 mL air kelapa. Secara fisik, produk VCO waktu fermentasi selama 18 jam yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7381:2008 yaitu tidak berwarna dan jernih, beraroma khas kelapa segar, dan terasa khas minyak kelapa. Nilai pH pada produk VCO hasil fermentasi selama 6, 12, dan 18 jam yaitu 4,3; 4,5; dan 4,8. Nilai %yield tertinggi pada produk VCO yang dihasilkan yaitu sebesar 13,09% (v/v) selama waktu fermentasi 18 jam. Produk VCO yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai %yield semakin tinggi seiring bertambahnya waktu fermentasi.
Combined Medial Plate and Intramedullary Nailing for the Fixation of Extra-Articular Proximal Tibial Fractures: a Biomechanics Study
Authors: Lu Yao , Zhao Jiasong , Huang Qiang , Ren Cheng , Sun Liang , Wang Qian , Li Ming , Zhang Congming , Xue Hanzhong , Li Zhong , Zhang Kun , Xu Yibo , Ma Teng 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The extra-articular proximal tibial fractures continue to have high malunion rates despite development in intramedullary nailing (IMN) technology. Combined plate and IMN fixation can increase mechanical stability. The purpose of this study was to investigate combined plate and IMN for the treatment of extra-articular proximal tibial fracture using a biomechanical model.Methods: A 10-mm defective osteotomy was created in the fourth-generation composite tibia to simulate extra-articular proximal tibial fractures (AO/OTA 41A2). The fractures were stabilized with IMN alone (IMN group), IMN with supplementary medial plate (M-IMN group), and IMN with supplementary lateral plate (L-IMN group). The biomechanical properties of each specimen were tested under axial compression loading, bending stress, and cyclic loading. The maximum displacement of the fragments and implant-bone construct failure was recorded.Results: The maximum displacement of the M-IMN group was significantly less than either the L-IMN or IMN group in both axial compression loading and bending stress (p &lt; 0.05 for both comparisons). All specimens in the three groups survived in 10,000 cyclic loading without hardware deformation. The maximum stiffness of failure was similar between the M-IMN and L-IMN groups, but the IMN group was statistically lower than either the L-IMN or the IMN group (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The results indicated that combined medial plate and IMN fixation could effectively increase the mechanical stability of proximal tibial fractures.
CRISPR/Cas12a Coupled With Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Sensitive and Specific Detection of Aphelenchoides besseyi
Authors: Zhang Anpeng , Sun Bin , Zhang Jianming , Cheng Can , Zhou Jihua , Niu Fuan , Luo Zhongyong , Yu Luzhen , Yu Cui , Dai Yuting , Xie Kaizhen , Hu Qiyan , Qiu Yue , Cao Liming , Chu Huangwei 
Published: June 2022

Aphelenchoides besseyi (A. besseyi), a seed-borne parasitic nematode, is the causal agent of rice white tip disease (RWTD), which may result in a drastic loss of rice yield. Seed treatments are currently considered to be the most effective means of preventing the spread of RWTD. Therefore, the rapid, highly specific, and accurate detection of A. besseyi from rice seeds is crucial for the surveillance, prevention, and control of RWTD. Here, we describe a novel detection assay that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and CRISPR/Cas12a to detect A. besseyi (termed RPA-Cas12a-Ab), with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1 copy/μl of plasmid or 1:107 diluted DNA extracted from individual nematodes. To improve the user-friendliness, lateral flow strip assay (LFA) was adopted to visualize the detection result. The LOD of the RPA-Cas12a-Ab LFA assay was 1,000 copies/μl plasmid or 1:10 diluted DNA extracted from individual nematodes. The assay developed in this study was able to identify A. besseyi in 45 min with high accuracy and sensitivity without cross reaction with three closely related non-A. besseyi species. Thus, RPA-Cas12a-Ab is a rapid, sensitive, and specific detection system that requires no sophisticated equipment and shows promise for on-site surveillance of A. besseyi.
Placental Abnormalities and Placenta-Related Complications Following In-Vitro Fertilization: Based on National Hospitalized Data in China
Authors: Kong Fei , Fu Yu , Shi Huifeng , Li Rong , Zhao Yangyu , Wang Yuanyuan , Qiao Jie 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionEmerging evidence has shown that in-vitro fertilization (IVF) is associated with higher risks of certain placental abnormalities or complications, such as placental abruption, preeclampsia, and preterm birth. However, there is a lack of large population-based analysis focusing on placental abnormalities or complications following IVF treatment. This study aimed to estimate the absolute risk of placental abnormalities or complications during IVF-conceived pregnancy.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of 16 535 852 singleton pregnancies with delivery outcomes in China between 2013 and 2018, based on the Hospital Quality Monitoring System databases. Main outcomes included placental abnormalities (placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accrete, and abnormal morphology of placenta) and placenta-related complications (gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm birth, fetal distress, and fetal growth restriction (FGR)). Poisson regression modeling with restricted cubic splines of exact maternal age was used to estimate the absolute risk in both the IVF and non-IVF groups.ResultsThe IVF group (n = 183 059) was more likely than the non-IVF group (n = 16 352 793) to present placenta previa (aRR: 1.87 [1.83–1.91]), placental abruption (aRR: 1.16 [1.11–1.21]), placenta accrete (aRR: 2.00 [1.96–2.04]), abnormal morphology of placenta (aRR: 2.12 [2.07 to 2.16]), gestational hypertension (aRR: 1.55 [1.51–1.59]), preeclampsia (aRR: 1.54 [1.51–1.57]), preterm birth (aRR: 1.48 [1.46–1.51]), fetal distress (aRR: 1.39 [1.37–1.42]), and FGR (aRR: 1.36 [1.30–1.42]), but no significant difference in eclampsia (aRR: 0.91 [0.80–1.04]) was found. The absolute risk of each outcome with increasing maternal age in both the IVF and non-IVF group presented two patterns: an upward curve showing in placenta previa, placenta accreta, abnormal morphology of placenta, and gestational hypertension; and a J-shape curve showing in placental abruption, preeclampsia, eclampsia, preterm birth, fetal distress, and FGR.ConclusionIVF is an independent risk factor for placental abnormalities and placental-related complications, and the risk is associated with maternal age. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term placenta-related chronic diseases of IVF patients and their offspring.
Seroconversion Rate After SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Two Doses of Either ChAdOx1-nCOV COVISHIELD™ or BBV-152 COVAXIN™ Vaccination in Renal Allograft Recipients: An Experience of Two Public and Private Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Prasad Narayan , Bansal Shyam Bihari , Yadav Brijesh , Manhas Neha , Yadav Deependra , Gautam Sonam , Kushwaha Ravishankar , Singh Ankita , Bhadauria Dharmendra , Yachha Monika , Behera Manas Ranjan , Kaul Anupama 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionVaccination is an effective strategy for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated mortality. Renal Transplant Recipients (RTRs) are vulnerable to acquiring infection and high mortality due to their immunocompromised state. Varying responses to the different vaccines, depending on types of vaccines and population, have been reported. Vaccines supply is also limited. The current study evaluated the seroconversion rate after SARS-CoV-2 infection and 2 doses of either COVAXIN™ or COVISHIELD™ vaccination in RTR.MethodsThe serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein neutralizing antibody titer was measured in 370 RTRs who acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection (n=172), yet not vaccinated; and those vaccinated with COVAXIN™ (n=78), and COVISHIELD™ (n=120) by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay methods from serum.ResultOverall, the seroconversion rate either after vaccination or infection was 85.13% (315/370). The vaccine-associated seroconversion was 80.30% (159/198). SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated seroconversion was 90.69% (156/172), COVISHIELD™ associated seroconversion was 79.2% (95/120), and COVAXIN™ associated seroconversion was 82.05% (64/78). The median IgG titer in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group was 646.50 AU/ml (IQR: 232.52-1717.42), in the COVAXIN™ group was 1449.75 AU/ml (IQR: 400.0-3068.55), and the COVISHIELD™ vaccination group was 1500.51 AU/ml (IQR: 379.47-4938.50). The seroconversion rate and antibody titers were similar irrespective of the place of sampling. Patient’s age-associated seroconversion in &lt;45 years was 88.01% (213/242), 45.1-60 years was 83.18% (94/113), and &gt; 60 years was 58.3% (7/12).ConclusionsBoth infection and vaccination induce robust antibody formation in RTRs. The seroconversion rate after SARS-CoV-2 infection was higher but with a lower antibody titer than vaccines. The vaccines, COVAXIN™ and COVISHIELD™, induce more elevated antibody titers than natural infection. The seroconversion rate and antibody titer in Indian RTRs appears to be better than in the western population, irrespective of their vaccination status.
Reduction of Interhemispheric Homotopic Connectivity in Cognitive and Visual Information Processing Pathways in Patients With Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Qi Chen-Xing , Wen Zhi , Huang Xin 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a vision threatening autoimmune and inflammatory orbital disease, and has been reported to be associated with a wide range of structural and functional abnormalities of bilateral hemispheres. However, whether the interhemisphere functional connectivity (FC) of TAO patients is altered still remain unclear. A new technique called voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) combined with support vector machine (SVM) method was used in the present study to explore interhemispheric homotopic functional connectivity alterations in patients with TAO.MethodsA total of 21 TAO patients (14 males and 7 females) and 21 wellmatched healthy controls (HCs, 14 males and 7 females), respectively, underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning in the resting state. We evaluated alterations in the resting state functional connectivity between hemispheres by applying VMHC method and then selected these abnormal brain regions as seed areas for subsequent study using FC method. Furthermore, the observed changes of regions in the VMHC analysis were chosen as classification features to differentiate patients with TAO from HCs through support vector machine (SVM) method.ResultsThe results showed that compared with HCs, TAO patients showed significantly lower VMHC values in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, lingual gyrus, calcarine, middle temporal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus and angular. Moreover, significantly decreased FC values were found between the right postcentral gyrus/lingual gyrus/calcarine and left lingual gyrus/cuneus/superior occipital gyrus, left postcentral gyrus/lingual gyrus/calcarine and right lingual gyrus/ middle temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and left cerebellum-8/lingual gyrus/middle occipital gyrus/supplementary motor area, left middle temporal gyrus and right middle occipital gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus/angular and left middle temporal pole (voxel-level p &lt; 0.01, Gaussian random field correction, cluster-level p &lt; 0.05). The SVM classification model achieved good performance in differentiating TAO patients from HCs (total accuracy: 73.81%; area under the curve: 0.79).ConclusionThe present study revealed that the altered interhemisphere interaction and integration of information involved in cognitive and visual information processing pathways including the postcentral gyrus, cuneus, cerebellum, angular, widespread visual cortex and temporal cortex in patients with TAO relative to HC group. VMHC variability had potential value for accurately and specifically distinguishing patients with TAO from HCs. The new findings may provide novel insights into the neurological mechanisms underlying visual and cognitive disorders in patients with TAO.
Association Between Internal Organ/Liver Tumor and External Surface Motion From Cine MR Images on an MRI-Linac
Authors: Mao Weihua , Kim Joshua , Chetty Indrin J. 
Published: June 2022

Purposes/ObjectivesHistorically, motion correlation between internal tumor and external surrogates have been based on limited sets of X-ray or magnetic resonance (MR) images. With the recent clinical implementation of MR-guided linear accelerators, a vast quantity of continuous planar real-time MR imaging data is acquired. In this study, information was extracted from MR cine imaging during liver cancer treatments to establish associations between internal tumor/diaphragm and external surface/skin movement.Methods and MaterialsThis retrospective study used 305,644 MR image frames acquired over 118 treatment/imaging sessions of the first 23 liver cancer patients treated on an MRI-linac. 9 features were automatically determined on each MR image frame: Lung_Area, the posterior (Dia_Post), dome (Dia_Dome), and anterior (Dia_Ant) points of a diaphragmatic curve and the diaphragm curve point (Dia_Max), the chest (Chest) and the belly (Belly) skin points experiencing the maximum motion ranges; the superior-interior (SI) and posterior-anterior (PA) positions of a target. For every session, correlation analyses were performed twice among the 9 features: 1) over a breath-hold (BH) set and 2) on a pseudo free-breathing (PFB) generated by removing breath-holding frames.Results303,123 frames of images were successfully analyzed. For BH set analysis, correlation coefficients were as follows: 0.94 ± 0.07 between any two features among Dia_Post, Dia_Dome, Dia_Max, and Lung_Area; 0.95 ± 0.06 between SI and any feature among Dia_Post, Dia_Dome, Dia_Max, or Lung_Area; 0.76 ± 0.29 between SI and Belly (with 50% of correlations ≥ 0.87). The PFB set had 142,862 frames of images. For this set, correlation coefficients were 0.96 ± 0.06 between any two features among Dia_Post, Dia_Dome, Dia_Max, and Lung_Area; 0.95 ± 0.06 between SI and any feature among Dia_Post, Dia_Dome, Dia_Max, or Lung_Area; 0.80 ± 0.26 between SI and Belly (with 50% of correlations ≥ 0.91).ConclusionDiaphragmatic motion as assessed by cine MR imaging is highly correlated with liver tumor motion. Belly vertical motion is highly correlated with liver tumor longitudinal motion in approximately half of the cases. More detailed analyses of those cases displaying weak correlations are in progress.
Reference Values for Point-of-Care Echocardiographic Measurements of Preterm Infants in China
Authors: Lu Dan-Fang , Tong Xiao-Mei , Liu Yun-Feng , Zhang Hua 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundFew studies have examined the reference value of the left ventricular structure and function in preterm infants. This study was designed to establish a point-of-care echocardiographic reference range of left ventricular structure and function based on different gestational age, weight, and body surface area (BSA) for preterm infants within 7 days after birth.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 489 patients with traditional echocardiographic data of left ventricular (LV) M-mode: LV end diastolic dimensions (LVED), LV end systolic dimension (LVES), end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSd), end diastolic LV posterior wall thickness (LVPWd), left atrial (LA) and aortic root (AO) diameters, and index of LA/AO, LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV fractional shortening (LVFS), and pulsed wave Doppler: aortic valve flow rate (AV), peak mitral valve flow rate E(MV-E), peak mitral valve flow rate A(MV-A), and MV-E/A. The LV dimensions and the maximum blood flow velocities of the aortic valves and mitral valves according to gestational age, birth weight, and body surface area (BSA) are presented in percentiles tables. Percentile curves of aforesaid four cardiac measurements (LVED, LA diameter (LAD), MV-E, MV-E/A) using the R language Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) method were developed according to different gestational ages and weights.ResultsMeasurements of all cardiac dimensions and Doppler maximum velocities of AV, MV-E, and MV-E/A showed a correlation with gestational age, weight, and BSA. LVED, LAD, MV-E, and MV-E/A showed a trend of increasing values with gestational age and weight on the percentile curves.ConclusionThe percentile tables and graphs of these point-of-care echocardiographic data can provide reliable reference data for Chinese neonates. Normative values are recommended as a source of reference data for the identification of potentially abnormal echocardiography.
Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration Presenting as Hemothorax Secondary to Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Chen Tian , Yu Jie , Zhang Na , Chen Chenghao , Fu Libing , Zeng Qi 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionPatients with pulmonary sequestration (PS), a rare congenital lung malformation, are mostly asymptomatic. Recurrent localized infection is a major complication, while sudden hemothorax is extremely rare. We present a case of intralobar PS presenting as hemothorax secondary to spontaneous pneumothorax and comprehensively review the relevant literature.Case ReportA 16-year-old male presented with chest pain after strenuous exercise. Chest X-ray showed a moderate pneumothorax. After admission and conservative treatment, he developed dizziness, amaurosis, and urinary incontinence. Bedside chest X-ray suggested a massive pleural effusion, and hemothorax was further identified via catheter drainage. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed, and no abnormal blood vessels or leakage of contrast agent were observed. As the hemoglobin level continued to drop, exploratory thoracoscopic surgery was performed immediately. The abnormal systemic artery supplying the lung tissue was found to be ruptured; therefore, ligation of the abnormal artery with resection of the diseased lung tissue was performed. Pathological examination revealed non-specific manifestations of PS. He was followed up for 1 year without related complications.ConclusionOur case suggests that the abnormal supply vessels of PS are unstable, which may cause sudden hemothorax. Therefore, patients with PS should undergo surgery promptly after diagnosis. In patients with hemothorax, we should consider the diagnosis of PS; however, contrast-enhanced computed tomography or angiography cannot confirm the diagnosis in all cases. Surgical intervention is recommended in emergency settings.