bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Nakie Girum , Melkam Mamaru , Desalegn Getachew Tesfaw , Zeleke Tadele Amare 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundSocial phobia is the third most common mental illness in the world. It harms educational achievement by increasing school absentees and prevents students to participate in class, and this leads to a significant impairment of the emotional, psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of students. The research done regarding social phobia and associated factors among high school students in low- and middle-income countries is limited. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among adolescents and have a pivotal role in further investigation.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of social phobia among high school adolescents in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.Materials and methodsAn institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 April to 14 May 2021, by using a simple random sampling technique to select a sample of 936 participants after proportional allocation to the six high schools. Social phobia was assessed by using the social phobia inventory (SPIN), independent variables like social support were assessed by Oslo social support scale, substance-related factors by ASSIST, and the rest of the other factors were assessed by structured questionnaires. Binary and multivariate analyses were done to identify factors associated with social phobia. Statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval (CI) of p-value less than or equal to 0.05.ResultThe prevalence of social phobia among adolescents was found to be 40.2% (95% CI 37.0 to 43.4%). In the multivariable analysis, female sex (AOR = 1.374, 95% CI = 1.016, 1.858), poor social support (AOR = 2.408, 95% CI = 1.660, 3.493), having known chronic medical illness (AOR = 2.131, 95% CI = 1.173, 3.870), having a history of mental illness in the family (AOR = 1.723, 95% CI = 1.071, 2.773), and is highly risky alcohol user (AOR = 1.992 95% CI 1.034, 3.838) were factors significantly associated with social phobia symptoms.ConclusionThe overall prevalence of SP among adolescents was high. Therefore, early detection and adequate intervention are crucial to reducing the overall burden of social phobia among adolescents.
Landscape and predictions of inflammatory bowel disease in China: China will enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030
Authors: Shao Bule , Yang Wenjing , Cao Qian 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThis study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) over the past three decades in China and further predict the trends of IBD in the next 25 years.MethodsThe prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and annual percentage changes of the above metrics of IBD in China from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The corresponding trends in the next 25 years were predicted.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the cases of IBD in China raised to 484 thousand [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 411–571] and 427 thousand (366–498) among males and females, respectively. The age-standardized incidence rate of IBD increased from 1.72 per 100,000 population (1.44–2.05) to 3.35 per 100,000 population (2.88–3.88) among males and from 1.20 per 100,000 population (1.02–1.42) to 2.65 per 100,000 population (2.29–3.08) among females. The highest incidence rate occurred in people aged 35–39 years. The total YLDs attributed to IBD significantly increased, but the YLLs showed a decreasing trend, resulting in minor alterations of the DALYs. In the next 25 years, the incidence of IBD would continue to increase until a plateau by 2030, and IBD-related deaths would also increase to about 7.57 thousand by 2044 despite the decreasing age-standardized mortality rate. Similar trends were observed for both sexes, with a slight male predominance.ConclusionsAlthough China is still a low-endemic area of IBD, the prevalence and incidence of IBD dramatically increased in the past three decades. The burden of IBD in China is expected to grow continuously in the next 25 years due to the large population base and severe aging problem. China is estimated to enter the Compounding Prevalence stage around 2030.
tDCS over the left prefrontal Cortex improves mental flexibility and inhibition in geriatric inpatients with symptoms of depression or anxiety: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Figeys Mathieu , Villarey Sheryn , Leung Ada W. S. , Raso Jim , Buchan Steven , Kammerer Hubert , Rawani David , Kohls-Wiebe Megan , Kim Esther S. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPatients with depression and/or anxiety are commonly seen in inpatient geriatric settings. Both disorders are associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairments, notably in executive functioning. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a type of non-invasive brain stimulation, involves the administration of a low-dose electrical current to induce neuromodulation, which ultimately may act on downstream cognitive processing.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of tDCS on executive functioning in geriatric inpatients with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety.DesignPilot Randomized Controlled Trial.SettingSpecialized geriatric wards in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital.MethodsThirty older-aged adults were recruited, of which twenty completed ten-to-fifteen sessions of 1.5 mA anodal or sham tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Cognitive assessments were administered at baseline and following the tDCS protocol; analyses examined the effects of tDCS on cognitive performance between groups (anodal or sham tDCS).ResultstDCS was found to increase inhibitory processing and cognitive flexibility in the anodal tDCS group, with significant changes on the Stroop test and Trail Making Test-Part B. No significant changes were observed on measures of attention or working memory.DiscussionThese results provide preliminary evidence that tDCS-induced neuromodulation may selectively improve cognitive processing in older adults with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety.Clinical Trials Registrationwww.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04558177
Isothermal crystallization kinetics in bulk of olefin-based multiblock copolymers
Authors: Urciuoli Gaia , Ruiz de Ballesteros Odda , Femina Giuseppe , Auriemma Finizia 
Published: October 2022

Isothermal crystallization kinetics of ethylene/1-octene (C2/C8) multiblock copolymers synthesized by chain shuttling technology is investigated. The samples are a reactor blend of segmented chains characterized by alternating crystalline and amorphous blocks with C8 content of 0.5 and 20 mol%, respectively, and statistical distribution of block number/chain and block length. The analysis is carried out after complete removal of a fraction (5–12 wt%), namely consisting of C8-rich blocks, through Kumagawa extraction with boiling diethyl ether. The resultant diethyl ether-insoluble fractions have similar average content of C8 units (≈13–14 mol%) and of crystalline blocks (≈23–27 wt%) but different molecular mass (the number average molecular mass Mn is ≈ 60–70 kDa for the samples 1,2 and ≈38 and ≈21 kDa for the samples 3 and 4, respectively). An additional sample with Mn ≈ 93 kDa, but a greater average content of C8 units (≈15 mol%) and a smaller content of crystalline blocks (15 wt%) is also analyzed. The crystallization half time of the samples increases with increase of Mn and, for each sample, its logarithm increases linearly with a decrease of the undercooling by a factor of -0.155/°C, for the samples 1–4 and −0.031/°C, for the sample 5. Using the classic kinetic crystallization model by Lauritzen and Hoffman, values of energy barrier constant due to contributions from primary nucleation KN and crystal growth KG are extracted. The KN contribution is esteemed to amount to ≈34% of the total barrier assuming regime II for the sample 5 and regime III (or I) for the samples 1–4, to ≈34% for the sample 5 and 67% for the samples 1–4, assuming regime II for all the samples. In all the cases, regardless of the assumed regimes, the KN values of the sample 5 are lower than those of the samples 1–4. As a final remark, the implications of crystallization kinetics on the solid-state morphology are also discussed, considering that transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images present a partially mesophase separated morphology for the samples 1,2, and 5 and a classic lamellar morphology for the samples 3 and 4.
Extending the sunspot area series from Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
Authors: Jha Bibhuti Kumar , Hegde Manjunath , Priyadarshi Aditya , Mandal Sudip , Ravindra B. , Banerjee Dipankar 
Published: October 2022

Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) possesses one of world’s longest and homogeneous records of sunspot observations that span more than a century (1904–2017). Interestingly, these observations (originally recorded in photographic plates/films) were taken with the same setup over this entire time period which makes this data unique and best suitable for long-term solar variability studies. A large part of this data, between 1921–2011, were digitized earlier and a catalog containing the detected sunspot parameters (e.g., area and location) was published in Mandal et al. (2017). In this article, we extend the earlier catalog by including new sets of data between 1904–1921 and 2011–2017. To this end, we digitize and calibrate these new datasets which include resolving the issue of random image orientation. We fix this by comparing the KoSO images with co-temporal data from Royal Greenwich Observatory. Following that, a semi-automated sunspot detection and automated umbra detection algorithm are implemented onto these calibrated images to detect sunspots and umbra. Additionally, during this catalog updation, we also filled data gaps in the existing KoSO sunspot catalog (1921–2011) by virtue of re-calibrating the “rouge” plates. This updated sunspot area series covering nearly 115 years (1904–2017) are being made available to the community and will be a unique source to study the long term variability of the Sun.
Representações Sociais, Perceções e Identidades da Comunidade LGBTQ+ na Prisão
Authors: Marques Jacqueline , Velze Inês Van 
Published: October 2022

A natureza autoritária da prisão potencia a vulnerabilidade dos reclusos, sendo que para os pertencentes à comunidade LGBTQ+ os níveis de vulnerabilidade são maiores do que os seus pares hetero/cisgénero. Este estudo procurou analisar perceções e representações sociais da comunidade de reclusos de uma prisão acerca de pessoas LGBTQ+. A 1ª parte de carácter descritivo-correlacional foi realizada através da escala de Auto-estima, Representações e Visões da Sexualidade (MILLER, 2017) e da escala Apectos Cognitivos, Comportamentais e Afectivos da Homofobia (WRIGHT, ADAMS & BERNAT, 1999). Na 2ª parte aprofundamos o caso de três reclusos. Os resultados demonstraram a dificuldade de em um ambiente heterocêntrico como as prisões preservar uma identidade heterossexual, o que leva a uma cisão entre orientação sexual e o comportamento correspondente. As narrativas de reclusos que se assumem como LGBTQ+ na prisão indicam experiências marcadas pela discriminação e homofobia.
A fragmentação da identidade religiosa dos jovens portugueses
Authors: Duque Eduardo , Matos João 
Published: October 2022

Existe uma ideia generalizada de que os jovens estão cada vez menos ligados à religião. Os motivos prendem-se com a crescente secularização da sociedade, a perda de identidade religiosa e da credibilidade e influência das instituições religiosas, o aumento das tendências materialistas e do imanentismo.
Com recurso a entrevistas a jovens e a agentes de pastoral, confirma-se a perceção que a ligação dos jovens à Igreja tem vindo a declinar, sendo, contudo, naturalmente, distintos os motivos apresentados pelos jovens e pelos agentes de pastoral.
Apesar desta ligação ser agora marcada pela indiferença, não se encontra desprezo ou qualquer beligerância perante o fenómeno religioso. Permanece, sem qualquer dúvida, uma forte influência histórica e cultural da religião católica no discurso dos jovens.
Distance Learning in Higher Education: The Experience of the Covid-19 Pandemic and War in Ukraine
Authors: Opanasenko Yaroslav , Novikova Viktoriia 
Published: October 2022

Distance learning has become one of the most popular educational trends of the 21st century, and the COVID-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine has only accelerated the process of its integration into the education sector.
The purpose of our work is to study the influence of the online learning format on the adaptation and academic success of students, as well as to search for promising analogues.
The methodology. In addition to a comprehensive theoretical analysis, which included a comparison of different approaches and research, we used the method of interviewing respondents, which involved 200 first-year students from 6 Ukrainian higher education institutions (H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, National Technical University of Ukraine Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, State Biotechnology University, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics). The survey was conducted online using the Google Forms platform in the period from December 19 to 26, 2021, the calculation and visualization of the received data were performed using Microsoft Office tools. Fisher's statistical test (online-tool) was used to establish differences between the indicators of academic success of the respondents of the two groups.
Results. We decided to compare the academic success of students who study online with students included in the blended learning system. Thus, only 8% of the respondents who took the course in an online format received a mark of 5 at the end of the academic semester, while almost a quarter (25%) of the students of the second group who took the course in blended learning received the highest score. We also asked respondents to evaluate the process of their own adaptation to new conditions (distance and blended learning). The results of the survey showed that the adaptation process proceeds much easier in the conditions of the blended learning or Flipped Classroom blended learning model, while the adaptation of respondents to the online format had a number of problems.
Conclusion. Online learning has a high potential, which is difficult to realize due to the high demands on technical support, communication problems in an unfamiliar space, and the lack of social presence of participants in the educational process. Blended learning, as a combination of full-time and distance learning, can offset the shortcomings of online learning and realize its potential. The next step in our research will be to compare the performance of another learning models.
PREDICTION OF THE BODY WEIGHT OF ALGERIAN TAZEGZAWT SHEEP BREED FROM BODY MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Djaout A. , El-bouyahiaoui R. , Belkheir B. , Moulla F. , Mansouri H. , Benidir M. 
Published: October 2022

This study was aimed to determine the practicality of using linear body measurement traits to predict body weight of Tazegzawt sheep breed in the experimental station of INRAA in Bejaia. 38 female and 16 male aged over 2 years were used to investigate the relationships between live weight and body measurements such as scapular-ischial length, withers height, rump height, heart girth, chest depth, shoulder width, hip width, pelvis length and cannon perimeter. Pearson correlations showed a strong positive significant correlation (p<0.001) between BW and rump height (r=0.76), withers height (r=0.73) and the chest depth (r=0.73), with variations by sex. The results of multiple regression and stepwise showed that chest depth , the shoulder width and the cannon perimeter are the most valuable for estimating the body weight of the animals studied. A further implication of this study is to help smallholder farmers to estimate the live weight of their sheep from simple linear measurements and help the vet to determine suitable medication dosage during health care and required feed amount of the animal.
Self Care dan Kualitas Hidup Ibu Hamil dimasa Pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Christina M. Tiahahu Ambon
Authors: Hitijahubessy Christy N. M. , Rahakbauw Grenny Z. , Nari Jois 
Published: October 2022

Penyakit Corona Virus 19 merupakan penyakit yang rentan bagi mereka yang memiliki sistem kekebalan lemah atau yang berada pada risiko yang lebih tinggi, termasuk ibu hamil. Pada masa kehamilan sebagian sistem kekebalan ikut tertekan karena harus disuplai untuk kebutuhan bayi. Proses transfer IgG dimulai sejak trimester I kehamilan dan berakhir di trimester ketiga. Function of Receptor (FcRn) merupakan reseptor yang dihasilkan oleh sinsitiotrofoblast yang berfungsi mengikat antibodi (IgG) yang akan ditransfer dari ibu ke janin melalui plasenta. Ekspresi FcRn tergantung pada usia kehamilan yang lebih banyak diekspresikan di trimester ketiga. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan wanita hamil lebih rentan terhadap infeksi virus COVID-19 yang dapat berdampak serius bagi wanita hamil. Program Social Distancing juga berdampak pada keinginan wanita untuk mengurangi frekuensi kunjungan prenatal. Hal ini juga berdampak pada tidak terdeteksinya kesejahteraan janin secara berkala dan tanda bahaya kahamilan yang tidak diketahui oleh ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self care terhadap kualitas hidup ibu hamil dimasa Pandemi Covid-19. Metode penelitian menggunakan quasi experimental dengan one group pretest posttest design, yang mana subyek penelitian terlebih dahulu diberikan tes awal (pretest) selanjutnya diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan Modul. Selanjutnya diberikan tes akhir (posttest) untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh selfcare terhadap peningkatan kulaitas hidup ibu hamil dimasa Pandemi Covid-19. Hasil uji statistik peningkatan kualitas hidup menunjukkan nilai Z = 4,689 secara fisik, 3,908 secara psikologis, 4,143 dalam hubungan sosial, dan 4,587 dalam lingkungan, nilai p = 0,000 ( p < 0,005), menunjukkan adanya pengaruh self care terhadap peningkatan kualitas hidup ibu hamil di masa Pandemi Covid-19. Kesimpulannya, selfcare berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup ibu hamil di masa Pandemi Covid-19.
Edukasi Metode CERDIK Dan PATUH Modifikasi Gaya Hidup Sehat Dalam Upaya Mencegah Kejadian Stroke Berulang
Authors: Dewi Ni Luh Putu Thrisna , Wati Ni Made Nopita , Jayanti Desak Made Ari Dwi , Lestari Ni Kadek Yuni , Sudarma I Nyoman 
Published: October 2022

Background: The prognosis of stroke after an attack is very diverse. Some can recover, as usual, and some live with residual symptoms such as mild to severe disability. However, a stroke for the first time has a significant risk of a repeat attack. So it is necessary to make lifestyle modifications to the risk factors they have, one of which is through the community movement (GERMAS) in the form of education about the CERDIK and PATUH Healthy Lifestyle, which synergizes with this PKM, which is to increase the understanding of families and post-stroke sufferers so that they behave to improve their lifestyle so that it can prevent recurrent strokes. Methods: This community service is carried out to anticipate recurrent stroke events, which involves the community service team from Stikes Wika and people with stroke who still need to understand managing risk factors for recurrent attacks. Community service is conducted offline through counseling with activity partners under the auspices of the Amaranne Foundation. (Tapasya Stroke Center) Tabanan Bali. Results: Of community service activities, people with stroke can change their behavior for the better after knowing how to prevent repeated attacks, with a post-test score of 72% on good points. Conclusion: This illustrates that understanding stroke survivors and their families will stimulate a healthy lifestyle without repeated attacks.
A Bayesian many-facet Rasch model with Markov modeling for rater severity drift
Authors: Uto Masaki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFair performance assessment requires consideration of the effects of rater severity on scoring. The many-facet Rasch model (MFRM), an item response theory model that incorporates rater severity parameters, has been widely used for this purpose. Although a typical MFRM assumes that rater severity does not change during the rating process, in actuality rater severity is known to change over time, a phenomenon called rater severity drift. To investigate this drift, several extensions of the MFRM have been proposed that incorporate time-specific rater severity parameters. However, these previous models estimate the severity parameters under the assumption of temporal independence. This introduces inefficiency into the parameter estimation because severities between adjacent time points tend to have temporal dependency in practice. To resolve this problem, we propose a Bayesian extension of the MFRM that incorporates time dependency for the rater severity parameters, based on a Markov modeling approach. The proposed model can improve the estimation accuracy of the time-specific rater severity parameters, resulting in improved estimation accuracy for the other rater parameters and for model fitting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model through simulation experiments and application to actual data.
A Photometric and Spectroscopic Study of the Short-period Algol EW Boötis with a δ Sct Pulsator
Authors: Kim Hye-Young , Hong Kyeongsoo , Kim Chun-Hwey , Lee Jae Woo , Jeong Min-Ji , Park Jang-Ho , Song Mi-Hwa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry and high-resolution spectra of the short-period Algol EW Boo. We obtained double-lined radial velocities (RVs) from the time-series spectra and measured the effective temperature of the primary star as T
eff,1 = 8560 ± 118 K. For the orbital period study, we collected all times of minima available for over the last 30 yr. It was found that the eclipse timing variation of the system could be represented by a periodic oscillation of 17.6 ± 0.3 yr with a semiamplitude of 0.0041 ± 0.0001 day. The orbital and physical parameters were derived by simultaneously analyzing the TESS light and RV curves using the Wilson–Devinney (WD) binary star modeling code. The component masses and radii were showed over 3% precision: M
1 = 2.67 ± 0.08 M
⊙, M
2 = 0.43 ± 0.01 M
⊙, R
1 = 2.01 ± 0.02 R
⊙, and R
2 = 1.35 ± 0.01 R
⊙. Furthermore, multiple frequency analyses were performed for the light-curve residuals from the WD model. As a result, we detected 17 pressure-mode pulsations in the region of 40.15–52.37 day−1. The absolute dimensions and pulsation characteristics showed that the δ Sct pulsator was the more massive and hotter primary star of the EW Boo.