bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Hyperglycaemic and Anti-Oxidative Effect of Merremia Tridentata (Linn) Hallier F Ethanol Leaf Extract
Authors: Adebiyi Olubodun A. , Ameh Danladi A. , Onyike Elewechi , James Dorcas B. 
Published: February 2022

The anti-hyperglycaemic and anti-oxidative effect of Merremia tridentata (Linn) Hallier F ethanol leaf extract (MTELE) was evaluated in this study. Diabetes was induced on male albino wistar rats by a single intra-peritoneal injection of 65mg/kg body weight dose of streptozotocin. The rats were divided into seven groups and treated accordingly with varying doses (50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg body weight) of MTELE for seven weeks. Body weight and plasma glucose levels were monitored while antioxidant parameters, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration and levels of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) were determined in the liver and kidney tissues. There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the weight of the diabetic control group which was significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated by the treatment. Plasma glucose levels were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by 50.6%, 62.1% and 72.68% in diabetic rats treated with 50 mg/kg, 75 mg/kg and 100mg/kg body weight dose of MTELE respectively. There was a significant (p<0.05) improvement in all the antioxidant parameters investigated in this study in both the liver and kidney tissues at all levels of treatment (increase in the activities of CAT and SOD, increase in tissue content of GSH and drastic reduction of TBARS level). The extract at 100mg/kg body weight dose on normal rats showed a significant (p<0.05) improvement in the status of SOD in the kidney, GSH and TBARS in the liver when compared with the normal control group. MTELE demonstrated a good anti-hyperglycaemia and antioxidant potential and should be further investigated for development of lead compound capable of preventing and treating oxidative stress related complications in diabetics.
Pulp Dressing Agents Used in Primary Teeth: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Boulioni Filareti-Efthymia , Arhakis Aristidis 
Published: February 2022

Background: Pulpotomy is a technique of vital pulp therapy which can be performed in a primary tooth with pulp exposure due to caries or trauma when there is no clinical or radiographic sign of irreversible pulpitis or necrosis. Since today many different medicaments and techniques have been researched as pulpotomy agents and studies have shown the effectiveness but also the limitations of them.
Aim: The aim of this literature review is to overview the medicaments which were used in the past for pulpotomy in primary teeth, but also to evaluate the techniques and medicaments from the present and the future.
Results: Formocresol was the first-choice material for many decades, but its use has been limited due to potential mutogenetic and carcinogenetic effects in humans. In addition, glutaraldehyde is no longer used as a material for pulpotomy due to its toxicity. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) seems to have better or comparable success rates as the old gold standard – formocresol, while other materials have high effectiveness. Calcium hydroxide was related to lower success rate and due to adverse effects as the internal root resorption is no longer recommended. Electrosurgery and laser are alternative techniques, while collagen and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) have been researched the last years and also studies about the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) presented promising results. Also, other medicaments, which have been evaluated as pulp dressing materials, are included in this review and they seem to lead to acceptable results.
Conclusions: MTA seems to be the new gold-standard for pulpotomy, while also other medicaments as ferric sulfate, sodium hypochloride, Portland cement, Biodentine can lead to comparable results. Electrosurgery and laser pulpotomy are alternative and non-pharmacological techniques with good success rates, while also other alternative materials seem to have promising results, but further research is needed.
How is the Dental Hygiene Status of Preschool Children During the Covid-19 Pandemic? - Tooth Brushing Skills and Characteristics of Parents
Authors: Purnama Tedi 
Published: February 2022

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, preschool children did online teaching and learning at home, so that efforts to promote dental health by health workers were not optimal. This will have an impact on the dental hygiene status of preschool children to be worse. Therefore, the role of parents is needed to pay attention to dental and oral health from an early age.
Aims: This study analyzed the relationship between tooth brushing skills and parental characteristics on the dental hygiene status of preschool children.
Methods: The research design used is descriptive analytic with a cross sectional method approach. The population in this study were students of Sekar Bangsa Kindergarten, Aisyiyah Kindergarten and Bina Insan Karimah Foundation, Pondok Labu Village, South Jakarta City, with the number of samples used was 60 respondents. The independent variables are teeth brushing skills and parental characteristics. The dependent variable is the dental hygiene status of preschool children. The data collection instruments used were questionnaires, observation sheets and free-plaq score examination sheets. Analysis of the data used is Chi Square with a significance level of p <0.005.
Results: brushing skills on dental hygiene status showed that the value of p=0.001 (p<0.05) and the age of the parents had the value of p=0.161, the work of the parents the value of p=0.083 and the education of the parents p=0.282 (p>0.05). Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between tooth brushing skills on the dental hygiene status of preschool children and there is no relationship between the characteristics of parents on the dental hygiene status of preschool children.
Prominent Doses of Nitrogen Enhance Mulberry and Silk Cocoon Productivity
Authors: Ahmed Faruque , Hossain Md. Shakhawat , Uddin Md. Aftab , Ahmed Oli 
Published: February 2022

Nitrogen (N) has potential to improve leaf yield and quality of mulberry plant. However, optimum doses of N for mulberry cultivation have not been updated for long times on the newly developed mulberry varieties in Bangladesh. A study was conducted at the research field and laboratories of Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi to determine the nitrogen (N) requirements and optimum age of mulberry plants to get higher leaf yield, better quality of leaves, successful silkworm rearing performance and suppresses of foliar diseases in mulberry plant. The six treatments executed for trials on N requirements of mulberry plants were: N: 0, 80, 160, 240, 320 and 400 kg/ha/yr. The blanket doses of P & K for N trial were fixed as per recommended doses of BSRTI. Research results indicated that the added nutrient elements (N) favored in increasing growth, leaf yield, improving quality of mulberry leaves, suppresses foliar diseases as well as improved silk cocoon productivity. The leaf yield increased with increased rates of N application. The highest leaf yield was 51.88 Mt/ha/yr found in older plants of 6-10 years of age with the application of N @ 400 kg/ha/yr which was 6.57% higher than the maximum average yield of less than 5 years ages of mulberry plant. All the growth and quality parameters of leaves viz: moisture, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total sugar, soluble carbohydrate, reducing sugar and crude protein exhibited the best performance with the better silkworm rearing performances viz: wt. of 10 matured larval (g), effective rate of rearing by number, single cocoon wt. (g), single shell wt. (g), SR%, highest filament length (m), rendita and cocoon yield/100 dfls (kg) through the treatment of N400 P150 K100 kg/ha/yr (T5) with four split doses in 6-10 years ages of mulberry plant, where the cocoon productivity was 57.85% greater than the control treatment. Furthermore, the average incidence percentages of leaf spot, tukra and powdery mildew diseases were also reduced for the increasing doses of nitrogen. This study concluded that elevated N enhances mulberry leaf yield, quality, silk cocoon productivity as well as suppresses the foliar diseases incidence of mulberry plant.
Planck Speed: the Missing Speed of Physics? Absolute Still Without Breaking Lorentz Symmetry!
Authors: Haug Espen Gaarder 
Published: February 2022

Today, the speed of light is one of the cornerstones of modern physics. It is the maximum speed limit for transferring information, and plays a very central role in relativity theory. It also seems to be the same as the assumed and measured speed of gravity (gravitons and/or gravitational waves). We are not questioning the speed of light, as we indeed think it is the maximum speed limit and that it is identical to the speed ofgravity, but we also think photons lead us to a second speed limit, which we will term the Planck speed. Photon-photon collisions are part of modern physics, but what is not discussed is the speed of two photons during the very moment of a photon-photon collision. How can photons move during a collision? Or, assumea photon is reflected by a mirror; to do so it must collide with the building blocks of the mirror, yet how can it be moving during the very collision point? Also, modern physics assumes mass can be created in a photon-photon collision. We suggest this mass is the Planck mass particle and that it only lasts one Planck time, so when two photons collide, we will claim they must stand still for the direct observer. That is, we suggest thatthe speed of the Planck mass particle is always zero, but that this zero-velocity can only last for one Planck time. That it only lasts one Planck time means it will not break with the relativity principle or Lorenz symmetry, or at least what we can call weak Lorentz symmetry. We will show that the missing Plank mass particle is the very collision point between two photons, and that this is fully in line with predictions in other researchers’ findings in relation to the possible photon mass. This new view seems to solve the missing mass-gap, and seems able to unify gravity with quantum mechanics. This again seems to unify photons with mass, because one of the long-outstanding questions in physics is whether photons have mass or not. In addition, we showhow to find, in a very simple way directly from gravitational observations, lp/tp= cg = c, which is the upper speed limit (the speed of light and gravity) independent of any knowledge of G or ~ or c.
Cultural Science Meets Cultural Data Analytics
Authors: Ibrus Indrek , Schich Maximilian , Tamm Marek 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
For developing Cultural Science as a research field and practice it is worthwhile reconsidering the ways to approach the study of large corpora of digital content and data. In this context, Digital Humanities (DH) has been a success story in the academic world. However, we argue that it is better to consider DH as a transitory phenomenon that needs to be developed into more specific research fields, while at the same time it could benefit from being extended towards an even more multidisciplinary science. To achieve this, it is vital to first transcend the artificial division of cultural inquiry into the qualitative analysis of idiographic phenomena and the quantification of nomothetic phenomena. It is furthermore important to surpass the dichotomy of specific versus general as research objects; for example replacing this with the notion of the semiosphere as a research object, defined as the ‘smallest’ functioning element of culture by Juri Lotman. In this perspective, the singular cultural unit is always conditioned by the whole of the semiosphere, while the whole can be always changed by the singular, both in line with classic hermeneutic inquiry and recent notions of complexity science. Further, the label of ‘humanities’ in DH is at the same time both too large and too restrictive. We instead argue for a study of meaning-making practices in human society, but without confining ourselves to traditional humanities scholarship, but rather, learning from new developments in systems biology, evolutionary economics, complexity science and many more. We think that this new transdisciplinary field of study can help define the scope of the Cultural Science Journal. Indeed, it has already found practical application in a variety of ‘post-DH’ collaborations in ‘Cultural Data Analytics’, often with the aim to explore the dynamics of meaning-making practices by computational means and by looking at a spectrum of materials (textual, sonic, visual, multimodal, etc.) both regarding the longue durée and in real-time applications, if not anticipating the future.
Tangential Points: Aleksandr Bogdanov and Sergei Eisenstein Revisited
Authors: Tikka Pia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the newly founded Soviet Union, Aleksandr A. Bogdanov and Segei M. Eisenstein, each in his own way, struggled to make sense of the world by means of the most recent findings in the sciences. Both were driven by a desire to describe the universal laws of organization that would embrace the dynamics of the human mind and society, mutually, in arts and sciences. Bogdanov, a leading theoretician of political, economical, cultural, and educational revolution, is today also recognized internationally as one of the pioneering systems scientists of the early twentieth century. Eisenstein began to establish an international reputation thanks to the originality of his films and his eclectic theoretical writings that have remained a rich source of continuing discoveries for film scholars. I propose that both of these thinkers, in their own right, and by way of their common synergy, can contribute to a systemic understanding of today’s complex world and its cultural reflections.
The Culture as System, the System of Culture: Aleksandr Bogdanov on Proletarian Culture and Proletarian Art
Authors: Soboleva Maja 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In my paper, I first focus on Aleksandr Bogdanov’s systems theoretical understanding of culture and highlight the tektological foundations of culture. In this part, I analyze his organizational account of culture and interpret his tektological approach as a theory of the social dimensions of culture and the cultural dimensions of society. Second, I discuss the term ‘proletarian culture’, its definition and its role in Bogdanov’s theory of socialism. I argue that Bogdanov’s vision of a future socialist society is connected with establishing a socialist culture. He considers the proletariat a bearer of socialist ideology and deduces its unique political role from its unique position in the system of social knowledge. With his idea of proletarian culture, Bogdanov drafts a programme of proletarian evolution which challenges Lenin’s programme for proletarian revolution. My last step concerns Bogdanov’s account of proletarian art. I argue that, in order to understand Bogdanov’s concept of art properly, we should differentiate between the terms ‘culture’ and ‘art’. The category of culture appears to be a form of organization of a social group, and the category of art is a form of aesthetic self-understanding and self-expression of a social group. My analysis focuses on proletarian art as a form of the self-consciousness (ideology) of the working class.
Role of Glycine-to-Nitrate Ratio in Physical and Magnetic Properties of Zn-Ferrite Powder
Authors: Sami We'am , Sadeq Zainab Sabeeh 
Published: February 2022

We report the influence of different glycine-to-nitrate ratios on the physical and magnetic properties for synthesized zinc-ferrite by microwave-assisted combustion route. Phase impurity and surface morphology investigated with XRD analysis and field emission- scanning electron microscopy, indicated that spinel structure were formed.Average particles size increased with the decrease of glycine to nitrate ratio. Magnetic measurement results indicated that high values of saturation magnetization were produced with low glycine/nitrate ratio. Optical properties of the investigated ferrites exhibited photo absorption from UV to visible region with energy gap values that decreased with the decrease of glycine-to-nitrate ratio. Mainly two broad metal-oxygen bands for zinc-ferrite were seen in FT-IR spectra.
MEKANISASI PROSES PRODUKSI OPAK KETAN GUNA MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS DAN PRODUKTIVITAS DI DESA KAREDOK KECAMATAN CATIGEDE KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: El Hadi Rosad Ma'ali 
Published: February 2022

Objek pengabdian masyarakat Telkom University bekerjasama dengan CSR PT. PLN (Persero) UPP - JBT 2, adalah usaha rumah tangga yang membuat opak ketan dengan proses secara manual/tradisional. Proses penumbukan masih menggunakan tenaga kerja mulai menumbuk pada jam 01.00 selesai jam 06.00 dengan jumlah beras ketan sebanyak 40 kg yang dimasak menjadi nasi ketan.. Proses pencetakan menggunakan alat cetak 1 operator 1 alat cetak menghasilkan 1 kepang opak ketan basah. Proses pengeringan dengan memanfaatkan sinar matahari, memerlukan lahan yang cukup luas, kurang higienis, bila hujan tiba repon menyelamatkan jemuran serta bila cuaca mendung, tidak akan bias mengeringkan opak ketan basah, begitupun malam hari tidak bias berproduksi. Pematangan makanan dengan cara pematangan, dimana makanan diletakkan di atas kawat ram yang diletakkan di atas tungku bara api, 1 orang 1 alat pematangan dan maksimum 40 keping opak ketan kering per pematangan dengan waktu rata-rata 9 menit. Kualitas opak ketan yang dihasilkan sangat bergantung dari ketrampilan karyawan dan ketepatan saat menumbuk nasi ketan, mencetak, mengeringkan dan membolak-balik opak agar memperoleh hasil yang baik, dalam kenyataannya kualitas opak hasil pematangan bervariasi. Selain itu hasil produksi yang terbatas, menyebabkan permintaan yang tinggi dari pelanggan sering tidak dapat dipenuhi oleh pengrajin opak tersebut. Guna mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka tim pengabdian masyarakat Telkom University, membuat dan mendesiminasikan mesin penumbuk nasi ketan dengan metode transmisi, alat pencetak opak ketan dengan system noken as, oven multi produk dengan sistem udara panas dan mesin pematangan opak ketan dengan metode roller.
Mesin penumbuk dengan metode transmisi dapat menumbuk nasi ketan sebanyak 4 kg dalam waktu 6 menit. Alat cetak dengan sistem noken as dapat mencetak 8 keping opak ketan basah dalam satu kali pencetakan. Oven multi produk dengan sistem udara panas dapat mengeringkan opak ketan sebanyak 400 keping opak dalam waktu 25 menit. Mesin pematangan opak ketan dengan metode roller dapat mematangkan opak ketan sebanyak 800 keping opak ketan dalam kurun waktu 15 menit. Pemanfaatan mesin produksi opak ketan, dapat meningkatkan kualitas, produktivitas, ekonomis dan kontinyuitas produksi, sehingga permintaan akan opak ketan dapat terpenuhi.
REGULATION OF THE NUMBER AND SENSITIVITY OF ADRENORECEPTORS OF THE INTESTINAL ARTERIES BY A NATURAL FACTOR SUCH AS COLD
Authors: Ананьев В.Н. , Прокопьев Н.Я. , Ананьев Г.В. , Семизоров Е.А. , Ананьева О.В. , Гуртовой Е.С. 
Published: February 2022

Наши исследования доказали, что природный естественный фактор как холод при различном времени воздействия изменяет как количество активных альфа-1-адренорецепторов артерий тонкого кишечника, так и изменяет чувствительность этих рецепторов. После 5-дневной холодовой адаптации количество активных а1-адренорецепторов в кишечнике было больше контроля на 46%, а чувствительность а1-адренорецепторов меньше контроля на 21%. После 30-и дней адаптации к холоду чувствительность а1-адренорецепторов артерий кишечника стала меньше контроля на 21%, а количество а1-адренорецепторов нормализовалось.
Our studies have shown that a natural natural factor such as cold at different exposure times changes both the number of active alpha-1-adrenergic receptors in the arteries of the small intestine and changes the sensitivity of these receptors. After a 5-day cold adaptation, the number of active a1-adrenoreceptors in the intestine was greater than the control by 46%, and the sensitivity of a1-adrenoreceptors was less than the control by 21%. After 30 days of adaptation to the cold, the sensitivity of a1-adrenoreceptors of the intestinal arteries became 21% less than the control, and the number of a1-adrenoreceptors returned to normal.
RESULTS OF COMPARISON OF THE ACCOUNT OF VARIATIONS OF THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ACCORDING TO THE DATA OF THE BUOY STATION AND THE DATA OF MUTUALLY INTERSECTING PROFILES OF THE HYDRO-MAGNETIC SURVEY IN THE CASPIAN SEA
Authors: Харитонов А.Л. 
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается новые методы учета вариаций геомагнитного поля, при выполнении морской магнитной съемки на акватории Каспийского моря, по взаимно-пересекающимся профилям и по данным морской буйковой магнитовариационной станции. Проведен анализ полученных результатов и сделаны выводы о возможном учете основных геомагнитных вариаций по данным взаимно-пересекающихся профилей измерений геомагнитного поля.
The article considers new methods of accounting for variations of the geomagnetic field, when performing marine magnetic surveys in the Caspian Sea, using mutually intersecting profiles and data from the marine buoy magnetic variation station. The analysis of the obtained results is carried out and conclusions are drawn about the possible accounting of the main geomagnetic variations according to the data of mutually intersecting profiles of measurements of the geomagnetic field.
FORMATION OF THE METRIC SPACE OF EMERGENCIES FOR SOLVING OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS OF OBJECTS AND TERRITORIES
Authors: Шаргородский М.А. , Кушников В.А. 
Published: February 2022

В статье разработан подход, который на основе метрического пространства состояний позволяет определить успешную ликвидацию чрезвычайной ситуации.
Article contains an overview of the approach, which is based on metric space and allows determining the successful emergency liquidation.
FORMATION OF THE INVENTORY OF HONEY-BEARING RESOURCES OF THE KARAIDELSKY DISTRICT OF THE DARK CONIFEROUS-LIME FORESTS OF THE UFA PLATEAU
Authors: Маннапов А.Г. , Талыпов М.А. , Хисамов Р.Р. , Фархутдинов Р.Г. , Мустафин Р.Ф. , Дихин Д.Р. , Султанов И.Ф. 
Published: February 2022

В работе изложены результаты исследований медоносных ресурсов темнохвойно-липовых лесов Уфимского плато на территории Караидельского района Республики Башкортостан. Показано, что доминирующим медоносным растением на большей части лесопокрытой площади на изучаемой территории произрастают древесные насаждения с примесью липы мелколистной (Tilia cordata Mill.). Результаты исследований свидетельствуют, что насаждения липы формируют более 90 % медоносного запаса. Проведен расчет потенциально возможного объема производства и стоимости продукции пчеловодства на изучаемой территории.
The paper presents the results of research on the territories with honey-bearing resources of the Karaidelsky district of the dark coniferous-lime forests of the Ufa plateau. It is shown that the dominant honey plant in most of the forested area in the study area is planted with an admixture of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.). Research results indicate that linden stands form more than 90 % of the honey supply. The calculation of the potential volume of production and the cost of beekeeping products in the study area is carried out.