bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and immunogenicity of V114, a 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, in children with SCD: a V114-023 (PNEU-SICKLE) study
Authors: Quinn Charles T. , Wiedmann Richard T. , Jarovsky Daniel , Lopez-Medina Eduardo , Rodriguez Hilze M. , Papa Melanie , Boggio Gordana , Shou Qiong , Dagan Ron , Richmond Peter , Feemster Kristen , McFetridge Richard , Tamms Gretchen , Lupinacci Robert , Musey Luwy , Bickham Kara 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited red blood cell disease that results in a multitude of medical complications, including an increased risk of invasive disease caused by encapsulated bacteria, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumococcal vaccines have contributed to a significant reduction in pneumococcal disease (PD) in children and adults, including those with SCD. This phase 3 study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of V114, a 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), in children with SCD. A total of 103 children aged 5 to 17 years with SCD were randomized and received a single dose of V114 or Prevnar 13 (PCV13). Safety was evaluated as the proportion of participants with adverse events (AEs). Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels and opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) were measured immediately before vaccination and 30 days after vaccination. Overall, the rates of injection-site and systemic AEs reported after vaccination were similar between the vaccination groups. Up to 6 months after vaccination, serious AEs were those expected for patients with SCD, and none were assessed to be vaccine related. IgG geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) and OPA geometric mean titers (GMTs) for the 13 shared serotypes were generally comparable between recipients of V114 and PCV13. Additionally, V114 induced immune responses to serotypes 22F and 33F, which are not included in PCV13. The safety and tolerability profiles of V114 were consistent with those reported for PCV13. Immune responses following vaccination with V114 were generally comparable to PCV13 for the shared serotypes and higher for unique serotypes 22F and 33F. These results support the use of V114 in children with SCD. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03731182.
Underweight children older than 5 years with sickle cell anemia are at risk for early mortality in a low-resource setting
Authors: Klein Lauren J. , Abdullahi Shehu Umar , Gambo Safiya , Stallings Virginia A. , Acra Sari , Rodeghier Mark , DeBaun Michael R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Undernutrition is a risk factor for under-5 mortality and is also postulated to be a risk factor for mortality in older children and adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA). We tested the hypothesis that underweight is associated with mortality in children aged 5 to 12 years with SCA. We performed a secondary analysis of participants in the Primary Prevention of Stroke in Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Nigeria trial, a double-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial for low-dose or moderate-dose hydroxyurea in children with abnormal transcranial Doppler velocities and a comparison group of participants with nonelevated transcranial Doppler velocities in northern Nigeria. Nutritional status was classified as underweight (weight-for-age z score), stunting (height-for-age z score), and wasting (body mass index z score) using the World Health Organization growth reference. The mean weight-for-age z score was lower in children who died during the study than in those who survived. Otherwise, the baseline characteristics of children who died during the study were not significantly different from those of the children who survived. A pooled analysis of participants demonstrated that a lower weight-for-age z score was associated with an increased hazard of death. Underweight participants (weight-for-age z score &lt;−1) had a greater probability of death during follow-up than those who were not underweight. Underweight status in school-aged children with SCA is a previously unrecognized risk factor for early mortality in Nigeria and can be easily applied to screen children at risk for death. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02560935.
Potential prognostic value of a eight ferroptosis-related lncRNAs model and the correlative immune activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Lin , Tao Anqi , Liu Fei , Ge Xianpeng , Li Cuiying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to construct a prognostic risk and immune activity model.

Methods
We obtained clinical and RNA-seq information on OSCC patient data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Genome Data Sharing (GDC) portal. Through a combination of a differential analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Cox regression analysis, ferroptosis-related lncRNAs were identified, and a prognostic model was established based on these ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. The accuracy of the model was evaluated via analyses based on survival curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA). Univariate Cox and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate independent prognostic factors. Then, the infiltration and functional enrichment of immune cells in high- and low-risk groups were compared. Finally, certain small-molecule drugs that potentially target OSCC were predicted via use of the L1000FWD database.

Results
The prognostic model included 8 ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FIRRE, LINC01305, AC099850.3, AL512274.1, AC090246.1, MIAT, AC079921.2 and LINC00524). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.726. The DCA revealed that the risk score based on the prognostic model was a better prognostic indicator than other clinical indicators. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for OSCC. There were differences in immune cell infiltration, immune functions, m6A-related gene expression levels, and signal pathway enrichment between the high- and low-risk groups. Subsequently, several small-molecule drugs were predicted for use against differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes in OSCC.

Conclusions
We constructed a new prognostic model of OSCC based on ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. The model is valuable for prognostic prediction and immune evaluation, laying a foundation for the study of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in OSCC.
Identification of LsPIN1 gene and its potential functions in rhizome turning of Leymus secalinus
Authors: Li Jialin , Li Hongmei , Yin Ning , Quan Xiaoyan , Wang Wenbo , Shan Qiuli , Wang Siqi , Bermudez Ramon Santos , He Wenxing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Continuous tilling and the lateral growth of rhizomes confer rhizomatous grasses with the unique ability to laterally expand, migrate and resist disturbances. They play key roles especially in degraded grasslands, deserts, sand dunes, and other fragile ecological system. The rhizomatous plant Leymus secalinus has both rhizome buds and tiller buds that grow horizontally and upward at the ends of rhizome differentiation and elongation, respectively. The mechanisms of rhizome formation and differentiation in L. secalinus have not yet been clarified.

Results
In this study, we found that the content of gibberellin A3 (GA3) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were significantly higher in upward rhizome tips than in horizontal rhizome tips; by contrast, the content of methyl jasmonate and brassinolide were significantly higher in horizontal rhizome tips than in upward rhizome tips. GA3 and IAA could stimulate the formation and turning of rhizomes. An auxin efflux carrier gene, LsPIN1, was identified from L. secalinus based on previous transcriptome data. The conserved domains of LsPIN1 and the relationship of LsPIN1 with PIN1 genes from other plants were analyzed. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that LsPIN1 was localized to the plasma membrane. The length of the primary roots (PRs) and the number of lateral roots (LRs) were higher in Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing LsPIN1 than in wild-type (Col-0) plants. Auxin transport was altered and the gravitropic response and phototropic response were stronger in 35S:LsPIN1 transgenic plants compared with Col-0 plants. It also promoted auxin accumulation in root tips.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that LsPIN1 plays key roles in auxin transport and root development. Generally, our results provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying rhizome development in L. secalinus.
Use of plant growth regulators to reduce 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid-Na (MPCA-Na) damage in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: Zhang Quan-Cheng , Wang Jing , Wang Jun-Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid-Na (MPCA-Na) is a phenoxy carboxylic acid selective hormone herbicide that is widely used in the crop fields. However, drift of MPCA-Na during application is highly damaging to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and other crop plants. This study was carried out from 2019 to 2020 to determine the effects of different concentrations of MPCA-Na on physiological and metabolic activities besides growth and yield of cotton plants at seedling, budding, flowering and boll stages. Moreover, we evaluated the different combinations of 24-epibrassinolide, gibberellin (GA3), phthalanilic acid and seaweed fertilizer to ameliorate herbicide damage.Results2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid-Na (MPCA-Na) exposure caused a decrease in the chlorophyll content, and an increase in the soluble protein content, Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and protective enzyme activity. It also caused significant reductions in plant height, boll number and the single boll weight at the seedling and budding stages, but had little effects on plant height and the single boll weight at flowering and boll stage. Under the maximum recommended dose of MPCA-Na (130 g/L), the number of cotton bolls at seedling and budding stages decreased by 75.33 and 79.50%, respectively, and the single boll weight decreased by 46.42 and 36.31%, respectively. Nevertheless, the number ofG. hirsutumbolls and single boll weight at flowering and boll stage decreased by 48.15 and 5.38%, respectively. Application of plant growth regulators decreased the MDA content, and increased chlorophyll, soluble protein content and protective enzyme activity, and alleviated MCPA-Na toxicity. Positive effects in case of growth regulators treated plants were also observed in terms ofG. hirsutumyield. Phthalanilic acid + seaweed fertilizer, 24-epibrassinolide + seaweed fertilizer, and GA3 + seaweed fertilizer should be used at the seedling, budding, and flowering and boll stages, respectively.ConclusionsThe results of current study suggest that certain plant growth regulators could be used to alleviate MPCA-Na damage and maintainG. hirsutumyield. When the cotton exposed to MCPA-Na at the seedling stage, it should be treated with phthalanilic acid + seaweed fertilizer, while plants exposed at the budding stage should be treated with 24-epibrassinolide + seaweed fertilizer, and those exposed at the flowering and boll stages should be treated with GA3 + seaweed fertilizer to mitigate stress.
Protocol of End-PSCI trial: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of DL-3-n-butylphthalide on delayed-onset post stroke cognitive impairment
Authors: Liu Ziyu , Lu Wenhui , Gao Ling , Guo Xiaojuan , Liu Jie , Gao Fan , Huo Kang , Wang Jin , Qu Qiumin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Delayed-onset post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) results from secondary neurodegeneration induced by stroke. Whereas targeted prevention or treatment strategies are still missing due to lack of evidences. This trial aims to evaluate the preventive effects of DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) on delayed-onset PSCI.

Methods
Effects of NBP on Delayed-onset Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment (End-PSCI) is a prospective, parallel-group, open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial with blinded outcome assessment. Hospital patients with acute cerebral infarction (within 2 weeks of onset) will be randomized into either standard medical therapy group or standard medical therapy combined NBP treatment group (NBP 200 mg, three times per day for 24 weeks). The primary outcome is the difference of incidence of delayed-onset PSCI between two groups. The secondary outcomes include difference of white matter degeneration, cognitive scores and prevalence of early-onset PSCI between two groups.

Discussion
End-PSCI trial will provide evidences for NBP preventing delayed-onset PSCI. The secondary outcomes will also provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of delayed-onset PSCI and mechanism of NBP’s actions.

Trial registration
Trialsearch.who.int, ChiCTR2000032555, 2020/5/2, prospectively registered.
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and MOG-associated demyelination – a case report with long-term follow-up and a systematic review
Authors: Berek Klaus , Grams Astrid , Uprimny Christian , Prieschl Manuela , Ramberger Melanie , Unterberger Iris , Deisenhammer Florian , Reindl Markus , Hegen Harald 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOverlap syndromes of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and MOG-mediated demyelination have been reported. In this case we provide a long-term longitudinal follow-up of clinical and imaging characteristics as well as of antibody dynamics.Case presentationWe report a 32-year-old male patient who presented with psychosis, decreased consciousness and movement disorders and was tested positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies. Forty-four months after symptom onset and diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis, he suffered from relapse. At this time, the patient developed anti-MOG and anti-Caspr2 antibodies. Treatment with plasmapheresis, steroids and rituximab eventually led to substantial clinical and radiological improvement. Anti-Caspr2 antibodies persisted, anti-NMDA receptor antibodies decreased, while anti-MOG antibodies turned negative again.ConclusionWe provide long-term longitudinal follow-up of a patient with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis who developed triple antibody positivity at the time of relapse. Antibody dynamics were associated with clinical disease course.
Meningeal carcinomatosis secondary to neurenteric cysts with malignant transformation: a case report
Authors: Chu Min , Wang Leiming , Ye Hong , Li Junjie , Lu Dehong , Piao Yueshan , Wu Liyong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Meningeal carcinomatosis is mainly associated with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. However, meningeal carcinomatosis secondary to a neurenteric cyst with malignant features is extremely rare.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with a 10-month history of headache, 6-month history of diplopia, 4-month history of hearing loss, and 1-month history of back pain, suggesting a diagnosis of chronic meningitis. Notably, enhanced brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed extensive lesions with enhancement signals in the pia mater of the pons and cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spinal cord. The cerebral spinal fluid profile showed that pressure was significantly elevated, with a slight increase in leukocytes that mostly comprised mononuclear cells and decreased glucose concentration. Cytology evaluation showed a small cluster of atypical nuclei, which were suspected to be tumor cells arising from the epithelium. However, no primary tumor was found through comprehensive body and skin screening. After a histopathological biopsy of subarachnoid meninx of the thoracic spinal canal, the cause of meningeal carcinomatosis of this patient was determined as neurenteric cysts with malignant features, which is extremely rare.

Conclusion
This is the first case to ever report neurenteric cysts as a cause of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and the first ever report of neurenteric cysts presenting as leptomeningeal carcinomatosis without typical cyst visible on brain MRI. This extremely rare case provided a novel view on the pathogenesis of meningeal carcinomatosis and clinical presentation of neurenteric cysts, highlighting the value of meningeal biopsy in chronic meningitis of unknown causes.
Time to first birth and its predictors among reproductive age women in high fertility countries in Sub-Saharan Africa: Inverse Weibull gamma shared frailty model
Authors: Negash Wubshet Debebe , Asmamaw Desale Bihonegn 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Early initiation of childbearing leads to an increase in total fertility rate and population growth. It has been linked with both maternal and child morbidity and mortality. However, there is limited information on the timing of the first birth and its predictors in the area so far. Therefore, determining the time to first birth and its predictors will help to design strategies to improve fertility rate, maternal and child survival.

Methods
The survey used recent (2010 – 2018) Demographic and Health data; a stratified, two-stage cluster sampling technique was used to select the sample. Inverse Weibull gamma shared frailty model was used to model the data at 95% confidence interval. Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and median hazard ratio (MHR) were reported as effect size. Statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05.

Results
The overall median age at first birth was found to be 19 years (IQR: 16, 21 years). Rural residency (AHR = 1.02, 95%, CI 1.00,1.04), agricultural employee (AHR = 1.14, 95%, CI 1.13, 1.17), and nonagricultural employee (AHR = 1.06, 95%, CI 1.05, 1.08), marriage below 15 years (AHR = 5.47, 95%, CI 5.37, 5.57) and 15–17 years (AHR = 3.27, 95%, CI 3.22, 3.32), had sex below 15 years (AHR =  = 1.57, 95%, CI 1.54, 1.61) and 15–17 years (AHR = 1.38, 95%, CI 1.38, 1.43), women who had unmet need for contraceptive (AHR = 1.39, 95%, CI 1.37, 1.42), and met need (AHR = 1.32, 95%, CI 1.30, 1.35), high spousal age gap (AHR = 1.17, 95%, CI 1.15, 1.19), not heard family planning message (AHR = 1.02, 95%, CI 1.01,1.04) were the higher hazard of early childbirth.

Conclusion
The median age at first birth was found to be 19 years. This is lower than the optimal age for giving first birth, which is between late 20 s and early 30 s years. Rural residences, occupation, hearing family planning massage in the media, early sexual intercourse, early age at first marriage, high spousal gap, and unmet need for family planning were predictors of first birth at an early age. Thus, governments and non-governmental organizations should strive to implement programs that aim to reduce early age at first birth by considering these factors.
Suicidal ideation among Canadian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of psychosocial factors and substance use behaviours
Authors: Geda Nigatu , Feng Cindy , Peters Brice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Suicide is one of the most important and increasing public health agenda around the world. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns have been raised about the potential adverse impacts of the pandemic on suicide-related outcomes. The main objective of this study was to examine the association of psychosocial risk factors (mental health illnesses and social isolation) and substance use behaviors (cannabis and alcohol consumption) with suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic among Canadian adults.

Methods
The study was conducted based on a total of 4005 persons 18 years of age or older, living in Canada's ten provinces. The data used in this study were collected during April 20–28, 2021, by Mental Health Research Canada. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association of mental health conditions (anxiety, depression, and other mood disorder) before and since COVID-19 outbreaks, social isolation and living arrangement, as well as cannabis and alcohol consumption with suicidal ideation during COVID-19.

Results
The results of adjusted logistic regression showed that the odds of suicidal ideation were 1.526 times higher (95% CI:1.082–2.152) among those who reported continued negative impacts of social isolation. The odds of suicidal ideation were also higher for those who were diagnosed as having depression before (OR = 3.136, 95% CI: 2.376–4.138) and since the COVID-19 pandemic (OR = 3.019, 95% CI:1.929–4.726) and 1.627 times higher (95% CI: 1.225–2.163) for those who were diagnosed as having anxiety before the COVID-19 pandemic. Those who reported having increased and those who were consuming cannabis during the pandemic were 1.970 (95% CI: 1.463–2.653) and 1.509 times (95% CI: 1.158–1.966) more likely to have thought of suicide than non-takers, respectively.

Conclusion
Given the significant associations of psychosocial factors (mental health illnesses and social isolation) and cannabis use with suicidal ideation, more attention and support need to be given to adults who had mental health conditions before and since COVID-19, those who were negatively impacted by social isolation, and those are exposed to substance use (cannabis).
Effectiveness of WeChat-group-based parental health education in preventing unintentional injuries among children aged 0–3: randomized controlled trial in Shanghai
Authors: Feng Yuheng , Ma Xueqi , Zhang Qi , Jiang Ruo , Lu Jun , Chen Kaiyue , Wang Huiping , Xia Qinghua , Zheng Jicui , Xia Jingwei , Li Xiaohong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Unintentional injuries to children are a major public health problem. The online social media is a potential way to implement health education for caregivers in online communities. Using WeChat, a free and popular social media service in China, this study evaluated the effectiveness of social online community-based parental health education in preventing unintentional injuries in children aged 0–3.

Methods
We recruited 365 parents from two community health centers in Shanghai and allocated them into intervention and control groups randomly. Follow-up lasted for one year. The intervention group received and followed their WeChat group and a WeChat official account for dissemination of reliable medical information. The control group received only the WeChat group.

Results
Between the intervention and control groups, changes in unintentional injuries (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.02–2.87, P = .04), preventability (β = 0.344, 95% CI: 0.152–0.537, P < .001), daily supervision behavior (β = 0.503, 95% CI: 0.036–0.970, P = .04), and behaviors for preventing specific injuries (β = 2.198, 95% CI: 1.530–2.865, P < .001) were significantly different, and change in first-aid skills for treating a tracheal foreign body were nearly significant (P = .06).

Conclusions
The WeChat-group-based parental health education can reduce the occurrence of unintentional child injuries by improving parents’ skills, beliefs, and behaviors. Online social communities promote health education and reduce unintentional injuries among children.

Trial registration
ChiCTR1900020753. Registered on January 17, 2019.