bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a Novel Nine-gene Signature for the Prognosis of Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zheng Liyun , Xu Dongchao , Jin Hangbin , Cheng Sile , Shen Hongzhang , Gu Ye , Chen Shenghui , Zhu Jianpeng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Yang Jianfeng , Bian Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare malignant carcinoma characterized by high mortality, challenging diagnosis, and poor prognosis. A powerful prediction biomarker is urgently needed for the early diagnosis and individualized treatment of CCA patients. Methods: A systematic bioinformatics analysis was conducted based on mRNA expression data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and National Genomics Data Center (NGDC) datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor tissues and adjacent counterpart controls were identified in the TCGA and GSE107943 datasets. A nine-gene prediction model was constructed, and its effects on CCA prognosis were analyzed using univariate, multivariate and LASSO Cox proportional hazards regression models, Kaplan-Meier plotter, CIBERSORT and OncoPredict in the discovery and validation cohorts. Additionally, the expression profiles of the target genes were determined via qRT-PCR and DEG analyses in an independent cohort. Results: A nine-gene signature (HELLS, HOXC6, MFSD2A, OTX1, PTGES, PYGB, SMOC1, TEX30 and ZBTB12) displayed excellent predictive performance for the overall survival of CCA. According to the prognostic signature, CCA patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups, with obvious differences in overall survival probabilities. The low-risk group had a significantly better prognosis than the high-risk group in both the discovery cohort (n = 66) and replication cohort (n = 255) (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001). Additionally, five cancer drugs (Erlotinib, ML323, AGI-6780, Gallibiscoquinazole and AZD3759) presented clearly specific sensitivities for high-risk and low-risk group patients. Moreover, according to tumor microenvironment analyses, high-risk group patients had a higher level of M0 macrophage infiltration than low-risk group patients (P = 0.025, P = 0.0048). In replicating the expression patterns of the nine genes, eight of the nine genes (except TEX30) were found to have significant expression profiles between 15 tumor tissues and adjacent counterpart controls; moreover, the qRT-PCR results validated the abnormal expression pattern of the target genes in CCA. Conclusions: Collectively, we established an effective prognostic model for different populations of CCA patients based on nine DEGs. These findings may provide potential benefits for the development of new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CCA.
Investigation of the gas separation properties of polyurethane membranes in presence of boehmite nanoparticles
Authors: tourani somayeh , Akbarbandari F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the effect of boehmite nanoparticles on the CO2, CH4, O2, and N2 permeability in polyurethane membranes was investigated. Boehmite nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method using the salt of aluminum nitrate Al (NO3)3 and diethanolamine as a precipitating agent. Different temperatures (110, 160, and 200) ° C and times (18–24 h) in synthesizing boehmite nanoparticles are also investigated. The characteristics of the synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The analysis results represented that increasing the temperature to 200°C as well as high duration time at this temperature (24 hours) results in nanoparticles with high purity and high crystallinity. Polyurethane was synthesized by bulk two-step polymerization using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as hard segments and poly(tetramethylene glycol) (PTMG, 2,000 g/mol) as the soft segment. The synthesized polymer was in a molar ratio: PTMG: HMDI: BDO = 1:3:2. PU membranes and PU-boehmite nanocomposite membranes were prepared using solution casting and solvent evaporation technique. The characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposite membranes were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of characterization analyses indicated that strong interaction between boehmite nanoparticles and polymer and also the appropriate distribution of boehmite nanoparticles in the prepared samples. Gas permeation properties of polyurethane – boehmite nanocomposite at different boehmite loadings (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %) were studied for pure CO2, CH4, O2, and N2 gases at 10 bar and 30 ◦C. The obtained results indicated the reduction in permeability of all gases, but enhancement in CO2/N2, CO2/CH4, and O2/N2 selectivities were observed as boehmite content increases. In the membrane with 20 wt.% boehmite content, enhancement of CO2/N2 (39.53%) and CO2/CH4 (35.64%) selectivities were observed in comparison with pure polyurethane, while the CO2 permeability reduction of polyurethane–boehmite membranes was 22.08%.
The histone demethylase HR suppresses breast cancer development through enhanced CELF2 tumor suppressor activity
Authors: Shen Yao , Singh Jasvinder , Sah Bindeshwar , Chen Zhongming , Ha Wootae , Henzler Christine , Su Tao , Xie Lilian , Deng Yibin , Li Gen , Guo Hua , Lange Carol , Hibshoosh Hanina , Liu Liang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The hairless (HR) gene encodes a transcription factor with histone demethylase activity that is essential for development and tissue homeostasis. Previous studies suggest that mutational inactivation of HR promotes tumorigenesis. To investigate HR mutations in breast cancer, we performed targeted next-gen sequencing using DNA isolated from primary breast cancer tissues. We identified HR somatic mutations in approximately 15% of the patient cohort (n=85), compared to 23% for BRCA2, 13% for GATA3, 7% for BRCA1, and 3% for PTEN in the same patient cohort. We also found an average 23% HR copy number loss in breast cancers. In support of HR’s antitumor functions, HR reconstitution in HR-deficient human breast cancer cells significantly suppressed tumor growth in orthotopic xenograft mouse models. We further demonstrated that HR’s antitumor activity was at least partly mediated by transcriptional activation of CELF2, a tumor suppressor with RNA-binding activity. Consistent with HR’s histone demethylase activity, pharmacologic inhibition of histone methylation suppressed HR-deficient breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and tumor growth. Taken together, we identified HR as a novel tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated in breast cancer. We also showed that pharmacologic inhibition of histone methylation is effective in suppressing HR-deficient breast tumor growth and progression.
Structural controls on the location of Longqi hydrothermal activity at inside corner revealed by the stress state
Authors: Chen Ming , Tao Chunhui , Liu Yunlong , Wang Hanchuang , Yang Weifang , Chen Kaiying , Wang Mingxu , Liu Dong , Li Qianyu , Chen Dong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The increased hydrothermal activity at inside corners is interpreted to be controlled by the high-permeability detachment faults at mid-ocean ridges. Paradoxically, almost none of hydrothermal activity is confirmed to be located at the detachment terminations, where the permeability is theoretically maximal. Here, we use a numerical model to investigate the stress state of the Longqi hydrothermal field at inside corner, and then explore the structural controls on the hydrothermal activity. The results show that inside corner is undergoing regional stress rotation, deviating from the spreading direction by more than 45°. Shear strain resulting from stress rotation enhances the regional permeability of the shallow crust and therefore might control the location of the hydrothermal site. Our model provides a potential mechanism for hydrothermal activity in similar geological settings where the shear strain enhances regional permeability and facilitates hydrothermal circulation in the hanging wall, and thus reconciles the disparity between prevailing models and field observations.
Dysregulation of Alternative Splicing Contributes to Multiple Myeloma Pathogenesis
Authors: Song Sha , Zhang Weimin , Li Qi , Wang Zhiming , Zhang Xinyun , Li Bingzong , Zhuang Wenzhuo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Dysregulation of alternative splicing (AS) triggers many tumors, understanding the roles of splicing factors and splicing events during tumorigenesis would open new avenues for targeted therapies in multiple myeloma (MM). We show here that GSEA reveals a significant difference in the expression pattern of the alternative splicing pathway genes, notably enriched in MM patients. Upregulation of the splicing factor SRSF1 is observed in the progression of plasma cell dyscrasias and predicts MM patients’ poor prognosis. The c-indices of the Cox model indicated that SRSF1 improved the prognostic stratification of patients with MM. Moreover, SRSF1 knockdown exerts a broad anti-myeloma activity in vitro and in vivo It is further found that the up-regulation of SRSF1 is caused by the transcription factor YY1, which also functions as an oncogene in myeloma cells. Through RNA-Seq, we systematically verify that SRSF1 promotes the tumorigenesis of myeloma cells by switching the AS of RBBP6. Together, our results emphasize the importance of the splicing factor SRSF1-mediated AS for promoting tumorigenesis of MM. SRSF1 might be considered as a valuable therapeutic target and a potential prognostic biomarker for MM.
Optimizing Bend-Loss in Optical Waveguide Channel Routing on Photonic Integrated Circuits
Authors: Sharma Sumit , Roy Sudip 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Silicon photonics (Si-photonics) has been established as a potential technology that integrates both electronic and optical circuits on single integrated circuits (ICs) in order to satisfy the increasing demand for high-speed and low-power in the emerging market of ICs. It has opened up the research directions in the domain of design automation for photonic ICs. On the physical layout of the optical circuits, it is a challenging task to obtain the optimal routing of optical waveguides, while minimizing all the parameters like the number of tracks, total bend loss, worst signal loss, total propagation loss and total crossing loss. In this paper, we proposed two non-Manhattan grid-based methods for reducing the bend loss, worst signal loss and tracks in optical channel routing. First, a 0-1 integer linear programming (ILP) based algorithm called minimizing bend loss (MBL) is proposed, which minimizes the total bend loss (TBL) and the worst signal loss (WSL) while reducing the number of tracks (T ) over the state-of-the-art technique. The execution time of MBL is very high for the large input. Hence next, a scalable heuristic called reducing bend loss (RBL) is presented that provides a better balance between the reduction of the TBL and T over the state-of-the-art and MBL algorithms. Simulation results show that MBL can reduce the TBL and the WSL by an average of 57.9% and 63.1%, respectively, with an average increase of 12% in T over state-of-the-art algorithms. The simulation results show that the RBL reduces the TBL and the WSL by an average of 39.7% and 41.3%, respectively, with an average increase of 23.7% in T over state-of-the-art algorithms.
Competition and training strategies for developing world class 200- and 400-m individual medley swimmers
Authors: González-Ravé José María , Castillo José Antonio Del , Cerro Jesús Santos del , B.Pyne David , Perona Francisco Hermosilla 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Swimming performance achieved in 50-m, 100-m and 200-m events in each swimming stroke could have an influence in the final performance in individual medley events. We sought to quantify the relative contributions of performance in individual stroke events to top-10 world ranked IM competition performance. We examined competition results of top-10 world ranked IM swimmers (90 males and 90 females) between 2012 and 2018. A general linear model was developed to examine association between the 200m- and 400m-IM and predictor variables of competition performance in other 50-m, 100-m and 200-m events. The main predictor variable for 200-mIM medalist status was having scored more than 900 FINA points in at least one 100-m event. Scoring more than 800 FINA points in at least two 200-mIM events, and more than 900 FINA points in at least one 100-m event, was important for success in the 400-mIM. Top-10 world ranked 200-mIM and 400-mIM swimmers require a world class standard in one or more individual stroke event(s).
Exploring the challenges of recruiting to a randomised trial assessing the feasibility of treating White Coat Hypertension in older people in UK General Practices: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Mensah Ekow , Ali Khalid , Okorie Michael , Bremner Stephen , McAlister Colin , Perry Nicky , Rajkumar Chakravarthi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction There is a recognised association between white coat hypertension (WCH) and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older adults. However, there is no consensus on the management of WCH in this group. The objective of the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET-2) study was to assess the feasibility of randomising 100 patients >75years with WCH from General Practice in the UK to treatment or usual care. The study did not randomise any patients. In this follow up study, we sought to explore the reasons for not recruiting.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods study design, staff from 29 General Practice (GP) sites and the Clinical Research Network (CRN) in Kent, Surrey, and Sussex (KSS) were sent an online questionnaire about local research facilities and infrastructure, and HYVET-2 study methodology and target population demographics. ResultsNineteen (19) individuals responded the questionnaires (15 primary care staff, 4 CRN staff). Using a framework approach, we identified six themes summarising challenges to HYVET-2 recruitment. These themes were: established approaches of primary care towards managing WCH in older people, target patient demographics, study design complexity, patient-facing study documents, limited research resources in primary care and identification of eligible patients using existing coding. ConclusionOur experience showed that recruiting older people to a WCH study from primary care was not feasible. A national scoping survey amongst primary care physicians in the UK, and a robust patient and public involvement (PPI) targeting older people with WCH might improve recruitment in future studies of WCH in older people.
Savanna woody encroachment in the Cerrado-Amazon ecotone
Authors: Passos Fábio , Marimon Beatriz , Júnior Ben Hur Marimon , Morandi Paulo Sérgio , Vilar Cesar , Nabeiro Julio Cesar , Elias Fernando , Neves Eder , Ribeiro José Felipe , Phillips Oliver 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose We investigated if, in transitional region between the South American savanna (Cerrado) and Amazon Biomes, the facilitation process help drive this development of forest trees in open-canopy and small-treed savannas (‘Typical Cerrado’) in Brazil.Methods In multiple permanent plots, we recorded all trees (focal plants) with a diameter at ground level > 10 cm, and focused on those species with the highest biomass and stem density. We identified and measured the height and diameter of all plants at least 5 cm tall within a 3 m range of these focal plants and derived structural and diversity parameters. We also collected soil samples and measured microenvironmental parameters, including litter layer, grass cover and soil surface temperature. Then we compared all environmental and vegetation variables with equivalent measurements made in open areas away from the focal plant crowns. We classified all species identified according to their preferred environment (forest, generalist and savanna).Results Focal plants alter the microenvironment under their crowns, reducing soil surface temperature and grass cover and increasing the litter layer, soil organic matter, and soil nutrient content. These conditions facilitate the increase in species richness, density, and aboveground biomass accumulation of juveniles and adults of key forest and generalist tree species.Conclusion By changing microenvironmental conditions these trees act as nurse plants, promoting the formation of islands of plant diversity. This process favors encroachment by woody plants typical of forests, leading to the woody encroachment of savanna areas.
Combined effects of serum IgA/C3 ratio and glomerular C3 staining on the renal outcome in adult IgA nephropathy
Authors: Pei Gaiqin , Dong Lingqiu , Wang Siqing , Qin Aiya , Tan Jiaxing , Wei Quan , Tang Yi , Qin Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of serum IgA/C3 ratio and glomerular C3 deposits in kidney biopsy in adult IgA nephropathy.Methods: The study included 722 adult IgAN patients diagnosed based on kidney biopsy. Patients without corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs >1 month, were regularly followed up for at least 1 year or until the study end point. The optimum serum IgA/C3 ratio was calculated by AUROC-based cutoff ratio. Proteinuria, creatinine, eGFR, serum IgA, serum C3 were evaluated at baseline. Kidney biopsy was categorized using the Oxford classification, with a calculation of the MEST-C score. The intensity of C3 deposits were rated from 0 (-) to 3 (+++) in immunofluorescence microscopy. The patients were divided into four groups by the serum IgA/C3 ratio and glomerular C3 staining. Results: The baseline data suggested that when serum IgA/C3 ratio was at the same level, patients with a high glomerular C3 staining score (≥2) always had mesangial proliferation, segmental glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (Group 1 vs Group 2; Group 3 vs Group 4). When glomerular C3 staining was at the same level, proteinuria was significantly higher in patients with serum IgA/C3<2.806 (Group 1 vs Group 3; Group 2 vs Group 4). Renal survival analysis indicated that serum IgA/C3 ≥2.806 and glomerular C3 staining ≥2 (Group 1) were significantly correlated with a poorer prognosis. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that the hypertension, proteinuria, serum creatinine, CKD stage, T1/2 and C3 staining as independent predictive factors of renal survival were independent protective factors for renal survival. Conclusions: Elevated serum IgA/C3 and glomerular C3 staining might be related to the detrimental renal survival in adult IgAN.
Effects of shot peening velocity and coverage on peen forming
Authors: Chen Kewen , Wu Jizhan , Lin Qinjie , Zhu Jiazan , Wei Peitang , Liu Huaiju 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As an effective forming technique, peen forming is widely used in sheet metal components with large dimensions. However, the production efficiency is seriously limited as several peening tests are required before actual production. To address this issue, a numerical simulation method of peen forming was proposed. In this work, an elastoplastic peening finite element model was developed to study the relations between process parameters and forming effects. A set of peen forming tests with different coverages and velocities were conducted to validate the model. Results indicate that the maximum errors of converted arc height and forming curvature are less than 5% and 14%, respectively. Additionally, the saturation phenomenon can be observed as the peening coverage reaches 60%. The corresponding depth of the maximum compressive residual stress varies almost linearly with shot velocity.
γ Radiation Image Denoising Based on Speckle Splitting
Authors: Deng Hao , Zhang Hua , Zhao Hao , Wang Hai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The images captured with CMOS sensor in γ radiation scene mainly affected by single-shot noise, induced noise and ionized air glow noise. In this paper, we propose a two-stage image denoising method based on speckle splitting to improve the clarity of the image originated from the γ radiation scene. Concretely, we first losslessly split the noisy image into multiple sub-images by dilated down-sampling, making the speckle noise in the original image decomposed into isolated point noise in the sub-images. Secondly, the median filtering is utilized to remove salient noise in sub-images. Lastly, aiming at the problem of incomplete denoising due to subtle differences between non-salient noises and background pixels. The gradient-guided NLM filtering in YUV color space is presented for second-stage denois-ing. Extensive experiments are carried out on the images captured from Co60 γ radiation scene. Compared with the original image, our method improves the PSNR by 8.17dB and SSIM by 0.32. Experimental 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template 2 γ Radiation Image Denoising Based on Speckle Splitting results demonstrate that the proposed method enjoys the state-of-the-art performance in improving the clarity of γ radiation image.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of evidence-based medicine among resident physicians in hospitals of Syria: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Alabdullah Muhammad Nour , Alabdullah Hadi , Kamel Sondos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is to integrate the best research evidence with our clinical expertise and circumstances and unique values of our patient. However, there are no studies about using EBM in clinical practice among resident doctors in Syria. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the self-reported knowledge, attitude and practice of EBM by resident doctors throughout different teaching hospitals in Syria.
Methods
The study is a cross-sectional. A self-reported online questionnaire was used to collect data about knowledge, attitude and practice of EBM from 214 resident physicians working in secondary and tertiary teaching hospitals. The study was conducted between September 2021 and February 2022.
Results
Two hundred and fourteen physicians responded to the questionnaire with a response rate of 85.6%. The overall mean scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of EBM were 59.17%, 74.29% and 53.91%, respectively. The participants displayed Low level of awareness of resources and statistical terms used in EBM. The most well-known resources for residents were Up To Date and PubMed. Among the participants, pediatric residents achieved the highest score in practicing EBM, while family medicine residents were the worst.
Conclusion
The general impression about the EBM among Syrian residents was as following: low knowledge, neutral attitude and poor practice. Training workshops should be set up to teach residents the skills needed to move from opinion-based practice to evidence-based practice.