bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring native Scutellaria species provides insight into differential accumulation of flavones with medicinal properties
Authors: Costine Blake , Zhang Mengzi , Chhajed Shweta , Pearson Brian , Chen Sixue , Nadakuduti Satya Swathi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractScutellaria baicalensisis a well-studied medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family, prized for the unique 4′-deoxyflavones produced in its roots. In this study, three native species to the Americas,S. lateriflora,S. arenicola,andS. integrifoliawere identified by DNA barcoding, and phylogenetic relationships were established with other economically important Lamiaceae members. Furthermore, flavone profiles of native species were explored. 4′-deoxyflavones including baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, wogonoside, chrysin and 4′-hydroxyflavones, scutellarein, scutellarin, and apigenin, were quantified from leaves, stems, and roots. Qualitative, and quantitative differences were identified in their flavone profiles along with characteristic tissue-specific accumulation. 4′-deoxyflavones accumulated in relatively high concentrations in root tissues compared to aerial tissues in all species exceptS. lateriflora. Baicalin, the most abundant 4′-deoxyflavone detected, was localized in the roots ofS. baicalensisand leaves ofS. lateriflora, indicating differential accumulation patterns between the species.S. arenicolaandS. integrifoliaare phylogenetically closely related with similar flavone profiles and distribution patterns. Additionally, theS. arenicolaleaf flavone profile was dominated by two major unknown peaks, identified using LC–MS/MS to most likely be luteolin-7-O-glucuronide and 5,7,2′-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone 7-O-glucuronide. Collectively, results presented in this study suggest an evolutionary divergence of flavonoid metabolic pathway in theScutellariagenus of Lamiaceae.
The Whole-transcriptome Landscape of Diabetes-related Sarcopenia Reveals the Specific Function of Novel lncRNA Gm20743
Authors: Yu Jing , Loh Kim , Yang He-qin , Du Meng-ran , Wu Yong-xin , Liao Zhi-yin , Guo Ai , Yang Yun-fei , Chen Bo , Zhao Yu-xing , Chen Jin-liang , Zhou Jing , Sun Yue , Xiao Qian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile the exact mechanism remains unclear, type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sarcopenia which is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing and informatics were performed on the diabetes-induced sarcopenia model of db/db mice. To determine the specific function of lncRNA Gm20743, the detection of Mito-Sox, reactive oxygen species, Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine, and myosin heavy chain was performed in overexpressed and knockdown-Gm20743 C2C12 cells. RNA-seq data and informatics revealed the key lncRNA-mRNA interactions and indicated a potential regulatory role of lncRNAs. We characterized three core candidate lncRNAs Gm20743, Gm35438, 1700047G03Rik, and their potential function. Furthermore, the results suggested lncRNA Gm20743 may be involved in regulating mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and myotube differentiation in skeletal muscle cells. These findings significantly improve our understanding of lncRNAs that may mediate muscle mass, strength, and function in diabetes and represent potential therapeutic targets for diabetes-induced sarcopenia.
Global trade drives transboundary transfer of the health impacts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions
Authors: Li Ruifei , Zhang Jin , Krebs Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational trade leads to a redistribution of pollutant emissions related to the production of goods and services and subsequently affects their severe health impacts. Here, we present a framework of emissions inventories, input-output model, numerical atmospheric chemistry model, and estimates of the global burden of disease. Specifically, we assess emissions and health impacts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), a carcinogenic byproduct of production activities, and consider income, production, final sale, and consumption stages of the global supply chain between 2012 and 2015. We find that in 2015, global anthropogenic PAH emissions were 304 Gg (95% CI: 213~421 Gg) and estimated related lifetime lung cancer deaths were 6.9 × 104 (95% CI: 1.8 × 104~1.5 × 105 deaths). The role of trade in driving the PAH-related health risks was greater than that in driving the emissions. Our findings indicate that international cooperation is needed to optimise the global supply chains and mitigate PAH emissions and health impacts.
A flexible heat pump cycle for heat recovery
Authors: Yu Zhibin , McKeown Andrew , Hajabdollahi Ouderji Zahra , Essadik Miryam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeat pumps will play a key role in transitioning domestic heating to fossil-free sources. However, improvement in energy efficiency and cost reduction are still needed. Current vapour-compression heat pumps are built upon the Evans-Perkins cycle which was originally designed for refrigeration applications. Once hot liquid refrigerant has transferred energy to the central heating system, it leaves the condenser with sensible heat which can be utilized. Here we report a modified and flexible Evans-Perkins heat pump cycle integrating heat recovery and storage which is then used as an ancillary heat source for the heat pump’s operation. It operates in a quasi-two-stage mode to theoretically save up to 20% in compressor power consumption compared with single-stage cycles. We build a prototype with off-the-shelf parts and demonstrate a practical 3.7% power saving at a heat production temperature of 35 °C. Power saving will further increase with heat supply temperature. We also qualitatively show that hot refrigerant exiting the condenser can be directly used for defrosting the evaporator, providing additional energy saving.
Modulating hepatic macrophages with annexin A1 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: De Ponti Federico F. , Scott Charlotte L. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and associated end-stage liver disease is a growing cause of concern throughout the Western world. It constitutes a significant clinical burden for which therapeutic approaches are very limited. Over the last years, considerable attention has therefore been paid to identifying potential therapeutic strategies to reduce this burden. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), a calcium-phospholipid binding protein, has been proposed to be a negative regulator of inflammation in the context of NASH. In a recent publication, Gadipudi, Ramavath, Provera et al. investigated the therapeutic potential of Annexin A1 treatment in preventing the progression of NASH. They demonstrate that treatment of mice with NASH with recombinant human AnxA1 can reduce inflammation and fibrosis without affecting steatosis or metabolic syndrome. This was proposed to be achieved through the modulation of the macrophage populations present in the liver. Here, we discuss the main findings of this work and raise some outstanding questions regarding the possible mechanisms involved and the functions of distinct macrophage populations in NASH.
Understanding the Experiences of Students Within Doctor of Speech-Language Pathology Programs: Perceptions About Their Educational Experiences
Authors: Sylvan Lesley , Becker Robyn 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of doctor of speech-language pathology (SLPD) students and graduates related to their engagement with the SLPD application process, their career goals and outcomes, and their general reflections regarding their decision to pursue the SLPD degree.Method:One hundred seven current students and alumni from SLPD programs completed a survey regarding their motivations and goals for applying to an SLPD program, experiences during the application process, the advantages and disadvantages of the SLPD degree and individuals' specific programs, and the impact of acquiring this degree. Recruitment efforts included contacting program directors and posting to national social media sites.Results:Survey results suggested that the majority of respondents felt that the SLPD degree is a good fit for working speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who are motivated to further their education and that there is the potential to expand clarity and communication related to the purpose of the SLPD degree.Conclusions:The SLPD degree offers SLPs the flexibility to continue full-time work while deepening their knowledge and expertise in communication sciences and disorders. Increasing messaging by key stakeholders related to career outcomes would be beneficial.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20372331
Neuromechanical Integration of Pelvic-Thoracic Rotation among Youth
Baseball Throwers
Authors: Winters Eric , Doty Steven , Lott Melanie , Baker James 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe kinetic sequencing involved in the overhead throw anticipates an
orchestration of body movement in which the more proximal segments of the body
initiate movement prior to the more distal segment. This investigation explored
neuromuscular and kinematic characteristics associated with one aspect of this
kinetic sequencing, pelvic-to-thoracic rotation. Neuromuscular activation was
recorded using surface electromyography and kinematic data was acquired using 3D
videography. Specific objectives included 1) to describe the maximum angulation
between the pelvic and thoracic body segments (Xmax angle), 2) to
test the hypothesis that glove-side external oblique peak neuromuscular
activation (GEOPA) occurs before Xmax angle, 3) to test the
hypothesis that throwing-side external oblique peak neuromuscular activation
(TEOPA) occurs following Xmax angle. Results show the mean Xmax
angle to be 45.96 degrees (±10.83). The time of mean GEOPA
(2.3653 sec±0.9094) occurred following the time of mean
Xmax angle (2.2793 sec,±0.9026, p<0.01),
thus refuting the first hypothesis. The time of mean TEOPA
(2.3658 sec,±0.8978) occurred following the time of mean
Xmax angle (2.2793 sec,±0.9026, p<0.01),
thus confirming the second hypothesis. Results suggest that youth baseball
participants may not adequately utilize the core of the body to fully benefit
from the optimal kinetic sequencing postulated within the literature.
Dig Deeper: A Case Report of Finding (and Fixing) the Root Cause of Add-On Laboratory Failures
Authors: Anstett Tyler , Smith Chris , Hess Kaitlyn , Patten Luke , Pincus Sharon , Lin Chen-Tan , Ho P. Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Venipunctures and the testing they facilitate are clinically necessary, particularly for hospitalized patients. However, excess venipunctures lead to patient harm, decreased patient satisfaction, and waste.
Objectives We sought to identify contributors to excess venipunctures at our institution, focusing on electronic health record (EHR)-related factors. We then implemented and evaluated the impact of an intervention targeting one of the contributing factors.
Methods We employed the quality improvement (QI) methodology to find sources of excess venipunctures, specifically targeting add-on failures. Once an error was identified, we deployed an EHR-based intervention which was evaluated with retrospective pre- and postintervention analysis.
Results We identified an error in how the EHR evaluated the ability of laboratories across a health system to perform add-on tests to existing blood specimens. A review of 195,263 add-on orders placed prior to the intervention showed that 165,118 were successful and 30,145 failed, a failure rate of 15.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.1–15.6). We implemented an EHR-based modification that changed the criteria for add-on testing from a health-system-wide query of laboratory capabilities to one that incorporated only the capabilities of laboratories with feasible access to existing patient samples. In the 6 months following the intervention, a review of 87,333 add-on orders showed that 77,310 were successful, and 10,023 add-on orders failed resulting in a postintervention failure rate of 11.4% (95% CI: 11.1, 11.8) (p < 0.001).
Conclusion EHR features such as the ability to identify possible add-on tests are designed to reduce venipunctures but may produce unforeseen negative effects on downstream processes, particularly as hospitals merge into health systems using a single EHR. This case report describes the successful identification and correction of one cause of add-on laboratory failures. QI methodology can yield important insights that reveal simple interventions for improvement.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of the Need for Surgical Treatment in Children’s Intussusception
Authors: Delgado-Miguel Carlos , García Antonella , Delgado Bonifacio , Muñoz-Serrano Antonio Jesus , Miguel-Ferrero Miriam , Camps Juan , Lopez-Santamaria Manuel , Martinez Leopoldo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an emerging inflammatory marker in abdominal pathologies. Ileocolic intussusception (ICI) involves a progressive intestinal inflammation, and the effectiveness of nonsurgical treatment (enema) might be related to the inflammation degree, although no previous studies have investigated this relationship. Our aim is to identify predictors of the need for surgical treatment in ICI.
Materials and Methods A single-center, retrospective, case-control study was performed in children with ICI, who were treated with initial nonsurgical management between 2005 and 2019. Patients were divided in two groups: A (effective enema) and B (need for surgery). Admission demographic and clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Specificity and sensitivity of the different parameters as predictors of the need for surgical treatment were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results A total of 511 patients were included (410: group A; 101: group B), without statistically significant demographic differences. Group B presented significantly higher frequency of vomiting, bloody stools, and longer median time since symptoms onset (24 vs. 8 hours; p < 0.001). Group B presented higher median laboratory inflammatory markers than group A: NLR (6.8 vs. 1.8; p < 0.001), neutrophils (10,148 vs. 7,468; p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP; 28.2 vs. 4.7; p < 0.001). In ROC curve analysis, NLR had an area under the curve of 0.925, higher than neutrophil count (0.776; p = 0.001), CRP (0.670; p = 0.001), and time since symptoms onset (0.673; p = 0.001). It was estimated a cut-off point of NLR greater than 4.52 (sensitivity: 73.2%; specificity: 94.5%).
Conclusion High NLR values imply a high degree of bowel inflammation and might anticipate the need for surgical treatment in ICI in children.
Level of Evidence III.
Using Lymphovenous Anastomosis and Lymph Node to Vein Anastomosis for Treatment of Posttraumatic Chylothorax with Increased Thoracic Duct Pressure in 3-Year-Old Child
Authors: Kim Yeongsong , Kim Hyung B. , Pak Changsik J. , Suh Hyunsuk P. , Hong Joon P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChylothorax is a rare disease and massive lymph fluid loss can cause life-threatening condition such as severe malnutrition, weight loss, and impaired immune system. If untreated, mortality rate of chylothorax can be up to 50%. This is a case report of a 3-year-old child with iatrogenic chylothorax. Despite conservative treatment and procedures, like perm catheter insertion, the patient failed to improve the respiratory symptoms over 3 months of period. As an alternative to surgical option, such as pleurodesis and thoracic duct ligation which has high complication rate, the patient underwent lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) and lymph node to vein anastomosis (LNVA). Follow-up at fourth month showed clear lungs without breathing difficulty despite perm catheter removal. This is the first report to show the effectiveness of LVA and LNVA against iatrogenic chylothorax.
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Hypertrophic Scars
Authors: Chuangsuwanich Apirag , Kongkunnavat Natthapong , Kamanamool Malika , Maipeng Gulradar , Kamanamool Nanticha , Tonaree Warangkana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Hypertrophic scars cause aesthetic concerns and negatively affect the quality of life. A gold standard treatment for hypertrophic scars has not been established due to various responses of modalities. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) is a noninvasive and affects scar remodeling by fibroblast regulation. This study investigated the effectiveness of ESWT for hypertrophic scars.
Methods Twenty-nine patients were enrolled. All patients underwent ESWT once a week for 6 consecutive weeks. Their scars were assessed using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), erythema index, melanin index, and scar pliability before treatment and again 4 weeks after treatment completion.
Results Thirty-four hypertrophic scars in this study had persisted for between 6 months and 30 years. Most scars developed after surgical incision (55.88%). The chest and upper extremities were the predominant areas of occurrence (35.29% each). Most of the POSAS subscales and total scores were significantly improved 4 weeks after treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the pain, itching, and pigmentation subscale were improved. The pliability, melanin index, and erythema index were also improved, but without significance. The patients were satisfied with the results and symptoms alleviation, although subjective score changes were insignificant. No serious adverse events were found. The patients reported pruritus in 62.5% and good pain tolerance in 37.5%. Subgroup analyses found no differences in scar etiologies or properties at different parts of the body.
Conclusion The ESWT is a modality for hypertrophic scar treatment with promising results. Most of POSAS subscales were significantly improved.
Long-Term Evaluation of the Lip and Nose in Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip Patients following Lip Adhesion and Secondary Nose Correction
Authors: Kim Ryuck Seong , Seo Hyung Joon , Park Min Suk , Bae Yong Chan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Surgical correction of bilateral cleft lip deformities remains one of the most challenging areas in facial plastic surgery. Many surgical techniques and conservative devices have been offered for the early management of bilateral cleft lip in infants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lip adhesion on the lip and nose of patients with bilateral cleft lip.
Methods A retrospective review of 13 patients with bilateral cleft lip was performed and compared with age-matched noncleft children. Patients underwent lip adhesion at a mean age of 2.8 months, and cheiloplasty at 6.6 months of age using a modification the Mulliken method. Secondary rhinoplasty was performed at the age of 6 in 13 patients. The surgical results were analyzed using photographic records obtained at the age of 1 and 7 years. Twelve length measurements and one angle measurement were obtained.
Results All measurements were not statistically different from those of the noncleft age-matched control group at the age of 1. At 7 years of age, upper lip height and vermilion mucosal height were shorter (p < 0.05) than in the control group. Nasal tip protrusion and the nasolabial angle were greater (p < 0.05) than in the control group.
Conclusion Lip adhesion followed by secondary rhinoplasty resulted in an acceptable lip and nasal appearance. Although nasoalveolar molding is now widely used, lip adhesion can be an appropriate alternative if an orthodontist is not available due to geographical or economic constraints.
Informal institutions and the international strategy of MNEs: Effects of institutional effectiveness, convergence, and distance
Authors: Dau Luis Alfonso , Li Jiatao , Lyles Marjorie A. , Chacar Aya S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInformal institutions influence all aspects of international business (IB), but they have received limited attention in the literature relative to formal institutions. This article extends prior IB work by examining the relationships between several key formal and informal institutional factors and the international strategy of MNEs. First, it examines the direct effects of formal and informal institutional effectiveness, convergence, and distance on MNE local adaptation, developing arguments and propositions for each relationship. Second, it focuses on the interactions of formal and informal institutional effectiveness and convergence to develop an eight-fold typology of market institutional configurations. This typology depicts the role that informal institutions take in a market depending on the interaction of these three institutional factors. Third, it builds on these interactions and the concept of institutional distance to develop a conceptual framework of market and MNE institutional diversity and dynamism. This framework captures the formal and informal institutional relationshipswithina home market, host market, parent firm, and foreign subsidiary, as well as the formal and informal institutional relationshipsacrosseach of these entities over time. In so doing, this article helps advance research on informal institutions and IB, which can lead to considerable future work on the topic.
Theory of magnetic-field effect on trions in two-dimensional materials
Authors: Chang Yao-Wen , Chang Yia-Chung 
Published: August 2022

In this work, we present a theoretical method to study the effect of magnetic field on trions in two-dimensional materials. The trion is modeled by a three-particle Schrödinger equation and the magnetic-field interaction is included by means of a vector potential in symmetric gauge. By using a coordinate transformation and a unitary transformation, the trion Hamiltonian can be converted into the sum of a translational term describing the Landau quantization for the trion center-of-mass motion, an internal term describing the trion binding, and a translational–internal coupling term depending linearly on the magnetic-field strength. The trion eigenenergy and wavefunction can then be calculated efficiently by using a variational method, and the quantum numbers of trions in magnetic fields can be assigned. The eigenenergies, binding energies, and correlation energies of three trion branches, which correspond to the ground-state trion and two excited-state trions solved from the trion Hamiltonian in zero magnetic field, are studied numerically in finite magnetic fields. The present method is applied to study the magnetic-field dependence of trion energy levels in hole-doped WSe2 monolayers. The binding energies and correlation energies of positive trions in WSe2 are investigated over a range of magnetic fields up to 25 T.
Short-term elevated temperature and CO
Authors: Zheng Tianyu , Yu Yuan , Kang Huixing 
Published: August 2022

The continuous increases of atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration will impact global photosynthesis. However, there are few studies considering the interaction of elevated temperature (eT) and elevated CO2 (eCO2) on dynamic photosynthesis, particularly for C4 species. We examine dynamic photosynthesis under four different temperature and [CO2] treatments: (1) 400 ppm × 28°C (CT); (2) 400 ppm × 33°C (CT+); (3) 800 ppm × 28°C (C+T); and (4) 800 ppm × 33°C (C+T+). In Glycine max L., the time required to reach 50% (T50%A) and 90% (T90%A) of full photosynthetic induction was smaller under the CT+, C+T, and C+T+ treatments than those under the CT treatment. In Amaranthus tricolor L., however, neither T50%A nor T90%A was not significantly affected by eT or eCO2. In comparison with the CT treatment, the achieved carbon gain was increased by 58.3% (CT+), 112% (C+T), and 136.6% (C+T+) in G. max and was increased by 17.1% (CT+), 2.6% (C+T) and 56.9% (C+T+) in A. tricolor. The increases of achieved carbon gain in G. max were attributable to both improved photosynthetic induction efficiency (IE) and enhanced steady-state photosynthesis, whereas those in A. tricolor were attributable to enhanced steady-state photosynthesis.