bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irregular Liouville Correlators and Connection Formulae for Heun Functions
Authors: Bonelli Giulio , Iossa Cristoforo , Lichtig Daniel Panea , Tanzini Alessandro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe perform a detailed study of a class of irregular correlators in Liouville Conformal Field Theory, of the related Virasoro conformal blocks with irregular singularities and of their connection formulae. Upon considering their semi-classical limit, we provide explicit expressions of the connection matrices for the Heun function and a class of its confluences. Their calculation is reduced to concrete combinatorial formulae from conformal block expansions.
Density theorems for $${\textrm{GL}}(n)$$
Authors: Blomer Valentin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrong bounds—going beyond Sarnak’s density hypothesis—are obtained for the number of automorphic forms for the group $$\Gamma _0(q) \subseteq \textrm{SL}(n, {\mathbb {Z}})$$

Γ
0

(
q
)

⊆
SL

(
n
,
Z
)

violating the Ramanujan conjecture at any given unramified place. The proof is based on a relative trace formula of Kuznetsov type and best-possible bounds for certain Kloosterman sums for $$\textrm{GL}(n)$$

GL
(
n
)

. Further applications are given.
Embryonic developmental process and clinical anatomy of the preperitoneal fascia and its clinical significance
Authors: Zhou Zheqi , Yan Likun , Li Yi , Zhou Jinsong , Ma Yanbing , Tong Cong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Many researchers have different views on the origin and anatomy of the preperitoneal fascia. The purpose of this study is to review studies on the anatomy related to the preperitoneal fascia and to investigate the origin, structure, and clinical significance of the preperitoneal fascia in conjunction with previous anatomical findings of the genitourinary fascia, using the embryogenesis of the genitourinary system as a guide.

Methods
Publications on the preperitoneal and genitourinary fascia are reviewed, with emphasis on the anatomy of the preperitoneal fascia and its relationship to the embryonic development of the genitourinary organs. We also describe previous anatomical studies of the genitourinary fascia in the inguinal region through the fixation of formalin-fixed cadavers.

Results
Published literature on the origin, structure, and distribution of the preperitoneal fascia is sometimes inconsistent. However, studies on the urogenital fascia provide more than sufficient evidence that the formation of the preperitoneal fascia is closely related to the embryonic development of the urogenital fascia and its tegument. Combined with previous anatomical studies of the genitourinary fascia in the inguinal region of formalin-fixed cadavers showed that there is a complete fascial system. This fascial system moves from the retroperitoneum to the anterior peritoneum as the preperitoneal fascia.

Conclusions
We can assume that the preperitoneal fascia (PPF) is continuous with the retroperitoneal renal fascia, ureter and its accessory vessels, lymphatic vessels, peritoneum of the bladder, internal spermatic fascia, and other peritoneal and pelvic urogenital organ surfaces, which means that the urogenital fascia (UGF) is a complete fascial system, which migrates into PPF in the preperitoneal space and the internal spermatic fascia in the inguinal canal.
AbsorbaTack™ vs. ProTack™ vs. sutures: a biomechanical analysis of cervical fixation methods for laparoscopic apical fixations in the porcine model
Authors: Sebastian Ludwig , Alina Jansen , Fabinshy Thangarajah , Dominik Ratiu , Axel Sauerwald , Jens Hachenberg , Kilian Wegmann , Claudia Rudroff , Leonidas Karapanos , Julia Radosa , Nadja Trageser , Christian Eichler 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) often requires the use of synthetic mesh. In case of a novel and standardized bilateral apical fixation, both uterosacral ligaments are replaced by polyvinylidene-fluoride (PVDF) tapes. One of the main problems remains the fixation method, which should be stable, but also simple and quick to use. The current study evaluated biomechanical differences between the cervical tape fixation with sutures (group 1), non-absorbable tacks (group 2) and absorbable tacks (group 3) in an in vitro porcine model.

Methods
A total of 28 trials, conducted in three groups, were performed on porcine, fresh cadaver uteri. All trials were performed until mesh, tissue or fixation device failure occurred. Primary endpoints were the biomechanical properties maximum load (N), displacement at failure (mm) and stiffness (N/mm). The failure mode was a secondary endpoint.

Results
There was a significant difference between all three groups concerning the maximum load. Group 1 (sutures) supported a maximum load of 64 ± 15 N, group 2 (non-absorbable tacks) yielded 41 ± 10 N and group 3 (absorbable tacks) achieved 15 ± 8 N.
The most common failure mode was a mesh failure for group 1 and 2 and a fixation device failure for group 3.

Conclusion
The PVDF-tape fixation with sutures supports 1.5 times the load that is supported by non-absorbable tacks and 4.2 times the load that is supported by absorbable tacks. Nevertheless, there was also a stable fixation through tacks. Sutures are the significantly stronger and cheaper fixation device but may prolong the surgical time in contrast to the use of tacks.
Motor demands influence conflict processing in a mouse-tracking Simon task
Authors: Mittelstädt Victor , Leuthold Hartmut , Mackenzie Ian Grant 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown incorrect motor activation when making perceptual decisions under conflict, but the potential involvement of motor processes in conflict resolution is still unclear. The present study tested whether the effects of distracting information may be reduced when anticipated motor processing demands increase. Specifically, across two mouse-tracking Simon experiments, we manipulated blockwise motor demands (high vs. low) by requiring participants to move a mouse cursor to either large versus small (Experiment 1) or near versus far (Experiment 2) response boxes presented on the screen. We reasoned that participants would increase action control in blocks with high versus low motor demands and that this would reduce the distracting effect of location-based activation. The results support this hypothesis: Simon effects were reduced under high versus low motor demands and this modulation held even when controlling for time-varying fluctuations in distractor-based activation via distributional analyses (i.e., delta plots). Thus, the present findings indicate that anticipation of different motor costs can influence conflict processing. We propose that the competition between distractor-based and target-based activation is biased at premotor and/or motor stages in anticipation of motor demands, but also discuss alternative implementations of action control.
Benzyl- and dibenzyl tetrahydropyridinylidene ammonium salts with antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activity
Authors: Seebacher Werner , Kaiser Marcel , Mäser Pascal , Saf Robert , Pferschy-Wenzig Eva-Maria , Weis Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeveral 1-benzyl and 1,3-dibenzyl derivatives of tetrahydropyridinylidene salts with differing electron withdrawing substituents at the aromatic residues have been prepared. In addition, the amine moiety in position 4 was varied. The new compounds were investigated for their antiplasmodial and antitrypanosomal activities as well as for their cytotoxicity. They were characterized using FT-IR, HRMS and NMR spectroscopy. Structure–activity relationships including reported compounds are discussed.
Graphical abstract
Allies or enemies? The effect of regulatory T cells and related T lymphocytes on the profibrotic environment in bleomycin-injured lung mouse models
Authors: Seyran Mutlu , Melanie Scalise , Philip Stumbles , Amiq Gazdhar , Fabian Blank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by permanent scarring of lung tissue and declining lung function, and is an incurable disease with increase in prevalence over the past decade. The current consensus is that aberrant wound healing following repeated injuries to the pulmonary epithelium is the most probable cause of IPF, with various immune inflammatory pathways having been reported to impact disease pathogenesis. While the role of immune cells, specifically T lymphocytes and regulatory T cells (Treg), in IPF pathogenesis has been reported and discussed recently, the pathogenic or beneficial roles of these cells in inducing or preventing lung fibrosis is still debated. This lack of understanding could be due in part to the difficulty in obtaining diseased human lung tissue for research purposes. For this reason, many animal models have been developed over the years to attempt to mimic the main clinical hallmarks of IPF: among these, inducing lung injury in rodents with the anti-cancer agent bleomycin has now become the most commonly studied animal model of IPF. Pulmonary fibrosis is the major side effect when bleomycin is administered for cancer treatment in human patients, and a similar effect can be observed after intra-tracheal administration of bleomycin to rodents. Despite many pathophysiological pathways of lung fibrosis having been investigated in bleomycin-injured animal models, one central facet still remains controversial, namely the involvement of specific T lymphocyte subsets, and in particular Treg, in disease pathogenesis. This review aims to summarize the major findings and conclusions regarding the involvement of immune cells and their receptors in the pathogenesis of IPF, and to elaborate on important parallels between animal models and the human disease. A more detailed understanding of the role of Treg and other immune cell subsets in lung injury and fibrosis derived from animal models is a critical basis for translating this knowledge to the development of new immune-based therapies for the treatment of human IPF.
The impact of neoadjuvant systemic treatment on postoperative complications in breast cancer surgery
Authors: Nussbaumer R. L. , Maggi N. , Castrezana L. , Zehnpfennig L. , Schwab F. D. , Krol J. , Oberhauser I. , Weber W. P. , Kurzeder C. , Haug M. D. , Kappos Elisabeth A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST) on postoperative complications and the beginning of adjuvant treatment.

Methods
This study includes data from a prospectively maintained database including patients with breast cancer (BC) stage I–IV with or without NST undergoing breast cancer surgery between January 2010 and September 2021.

Results
Out of 517 enrolled patients, 77 received NST, 440 had primary breast surgery. After NST patients underwent surgery after a meantime of 34 days (26.5–40 days). No statistical significance could be found comparing the complication grading according to the Clavien Dindo classification. The complications were most frequently rated as grade 3b. There were no complications with grade 4 or higher. When differentiating into short and long-term, the overall rate of short-term complications was 20.3% with no significant difference between the two groups (20.8% vs. 20.2%). Regarding long-term complications, there was more impairment of shoulder mobility (26.0% vs. 9.5%, p ≤ 0.001) and chronic pain (42.9% vs. 28.6%, p ≤ 0.016) for patients with NST. The beginning of the administration of the adjuvant treatment was comparable in both groups (46.3 days vs. 50.5 days).

Conclusion
In our cohort, complications between both groups were comparable according to Clavien Dindo. This study shows that NST has no negative impact on postoperative short-term complications and most importantly did not lead to a delay of the beginning of adjuvant treatment. Therefore, NST can be safely admitted, even when followed by extensive breast reconstruction surgery.
Place and the (trans) formation of self-identity in Ezzedine Fishere’s Farah’s Story
Authors: Youssef Rania Samir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlace is a field that is related to various disciplines like geography, sociology, psychology, environment and literature among others. In this interdisciplinary study, place attachment and place identity and their correlation with self –identity (its formation and transformation) are being traced to reveal that similar to real life powerful place experiences that influence one’s identity, literary place experiences have deep ramifications on a literary work’s characters. Borrowing theories from geography and Social Psychology, Edward Relph’s phenomenology of place with its vast array of levels of insideness and outsideness, together with Glynis Breakwell’s Identity Process Theory are employed to closely follow Ezzedine Fishere’s Farah in his latest literary production Farah’s Story (2021). Although Farah’s childhood attachment to place form her conformant identity, later powerful place experiences transform her into an iron-willed rebellious woman who rejects all forms of attachment or authority.
The starch hydrolysis by α-amylase Bacillus spp.: an estimation of the optimum temperatures, the activation and deactivation energies
Authors: Miłek Justyna , Lamkiewicz Jan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAmylases have potential application, inter alia, in processes with starch hydrolysis. The present paper reports the estimation of the optimum temperatures, the activation and deactivation energies of starch hydrolysis by $${\alpha }$$
α
-amylase Bacillus spp. The literature activity of $${\alpha }$$
α
-amylase Bacillus spp. versus temperature curves was analyzed. The mathematical model presented the activity of $${\alpha }$$
α
-amylase Bacillus spp. and the starch hydrolysis. Both the starch hydrolysis and the deactivation process of $${\alpha }$$
α
-amylase were analyzed by the first-order equations according to the enzyme concentration. Determined optimum temperatures $${T}_\textrm{opt}$$

T
opt

were in the range from $$323.67 \pm 1.48$$

323.67
±
1.48

K to $$354.00 \pm 2.27$$

354.00
±
2.27

K, activation energies $$E_\textrm{r}$$

E
r

were in the range from $$18.01 \pm 7.22$$

18.01
±
7.22

kJ mol-1 to $$102.85 \pm 20.53$$

102.85
±
20.53

kJ mol-1, and the values of deactivation energies $$E_\textrm{d}$$

E
d

were in the range from $$79.76 \pm 8.77$$

79.76
±
8.77

kJ mol-1 to $$162.85 \pm 32.23$$

162.85
±
32.23

kJ mol-1. The present study is related to the starch hydrolysis by $${\alpha }$$
α
-amylase Bacillus spp. The obtained results might find application in the industry hydrolysis of starch.
A new defense of Tarski's solution to the liar paradox
Authors: Sher Gila 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTarski's hierarchical solution to the Liar paradox is widely viewed as ad hoc. In this paper I show that, on the contrary, Tarski's solution is justified by a sound philosophical principle that concerns the inner structure of truth. This principle provides a common philosophical basis to a number of solutions to the Liar paradox, including Tarski's and Kripke's. Tarski himself may not have been aware of this principle, but by providing a philosophical basis to his hierarchical solution to the paradox, it undermines the ad-hocness objection to this solution. Indeed, it contributes to the defense of Tarski's theory against other objections as well.
Deep learning study of induced stochastic pattern formation in the gravure printing fluid splitting process
Authors: Brumm Pauline , Ciotta Nicola , Sauer Hans Martin , Blaeser Andreas , Dörsam Edgar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe use deep learning (DL) algorithms for the phenomenological classification of Saffman-Taylor-instability-driven spontaneous pattern formation at the liquid meniscus in the fluid splitting in a gravure printing press. The DL algorithms are applied to high-speed video recordings of the fluid splitting process between the rotating gravure cylinder and the co-moving planar target substrate. Depending on rotation velocity or printing velocity and gravure raster of the engraved printing cylinder, a variety of transient liquid wetting patterns, e.g., a raster of separate drops, viscous fingers, or more complex, branched liquid bridges appear in the printing nip. We discuss how these patterns are classified with DL methods, and how this could serve the identification of different hydrodynamic flow regimes in the nip, e.g., point or lamella splitting.
MET fusions and splicing variants convergently define a subgroup of glioma sensitive to MET inhibitors
Authors: Zhang Ke-Nan , Zhao Zheng , Chen Jing , Bao Zhaoshi , Chai Rui-Chao , Sun Zhiyan , Wu Lingxiang , Wang Zhiliang , Liu Hanjie , Mu Quanhua , Hu Huimin , Zeng Fan , Wang Zheng , Li Guanzhang , Chang Yuanhao , Wang Qiangwei , Wu Fan , Zhang Ying , Liu Yuqing , Jiang Chunjie , Kahlert Ulf Dietrich , Nam Do-Hyun , Zhang Wei , Kang Chunsheng , Wang Jiguang , Tao Rongjie , Wang Qianghu , Jiang Tao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Our previous study has shown that PTPRZ1-MET (ZM) fusion is a viable target for MET inhibitors in gliomas. However, the diversity and prevalence of somatic MET alterations in diffuse gliomas are still elusive and need to be extensively characterized for identifying novel therapeutic targets.

Methods
Totally, 1,350 glioma patients and 31 patient-derived cells were collected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and published data. All kinds of MET fusions and/or splicing variants (MET F/SVs) were identified by bioinformatical methods. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were used for validation. In vitro experiments of drug resistance were conducted for the possibility of MET-targeted treatment.

Results
MET F/SVs but not genomic amplification, were highly enriched in the secondary glioblastomas (sGBM) and marked worse prognosis. Further molecular and scRNA-seq analysis revealed that MET F/SVs were induced in the course of glioma evolution and highly associated with MET overexpression. Subsequent in vitro and the clinical study showed that cells and patients harboring MET F/SVs have better response to MET inhibitors.

Conclusion
Our findings expanded the percentage of gliomas with abnormal MET alterations and suggested that a subgroup of gliomas harboring MET F/SVs may benefit from MET-targeted therapy.
The 2021 “Complex Systems” Nobel Prize: The Climate, With and Without Geocomplexity
Authors: Lovejoy S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne half of 2021s Nobel Physics prize was awarded to statistical physicist Giorgio Parisi and the other—the first in geophysics in 75 years—to climate scientists Syukoro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann, the former for pioneering General Circulation Models and the latter (primarily) for proposing a statistical model explaining the climate as a slowly varying state driven by random weather noise. However, the Nobel committee recognized the climate laureates' work almost exclusively from the 1960s and 1970s. We update their report with the contributions from nonlinear geophysics and discuss the implications for the unity of geoscience, and for future climate modeling.
On the Origin of Small‐Scale Seismic Scatters at 660‐km Depth
Authors: Mao Wei , Gurnis Michael , Wu Wenbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrong small‐scale seismic scatters (<10 km) have been recently observed at 660 km depth, but their origin remains uncertain. We systematically conduct both high‐resolution 2‐D geodynamic computations that include realistic thermodynamic properties, synthetic seismic waveforms, and insight from shallow seismic observations to explore their origin. We demonstrate that neither short‐term subduction, nor long‐term mechanical mantle mixing processes can produce sufficiently strong heterogeneities to explain the origin of such small‐scale seismic scatters. Instead, the intrinsic heterogeneities inside the oceanic lithosphere which subducts into the mantle transition zone and the uppermost lower mantle can explain the observed short‐wavelength scatter waves.
A Kinematic Model of Quaternary Fault Slip Rates and Distributed Deformation at the New Zealand Plate Boundary
Authors: Hirschberg H. , Sutherland R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe construct a kinematic model of Quaternary long‐term deformation at the New Zealand plate boundary, including slip rates on major faults and strain rates between faults. We use an iterative method based on statistical and physical principles to find a velocity field that fits fault slip rate observations, has consistent off‐fault strain‐rate style, and is constrained by known plate motion. The kinematic model balances on‐fault and off‐fault deformation and provides improved estimates of fault slip rates and uncertainties in a statistically rigorous manner. We predict shortening rates of 45 ± 8, 34 ± 3, and 20 ± 3 mm/yr across the northern, central, and southern portions of the Hikurangi subduction margin, respectively; these rates are lower and better constrained by regional kinematics than previous estimates. In addition, the model predicts large strains adjacent to the Alpine Fault, indicating ∼9 mm/yr of plate motion in central South Island on faults with currently unknown slip rates. Differences between our long‐term velocity field and a contemporary velocity field arise mainly through interseismic locking on major faults. However, we suggest that differences with contemporary deformation in northeastern North Island are due to uncertainty in Havre Trough extension parameters and <5–10 mm/yr of missing dextral slip on unknown onshore faults, which implies seismic hazard is under‐predicted in that region.
Role of space station instruments for improving tropical carbon flux estimates using atmospheric data
Authors: Palmer Paul I. , Woodwark A. Jerome P. , Finch Douglas P. , Taylor Thomas E. , Butz André , Tamminen Johanna , Bösch Hartmut , Eldering Annmarie , Vincent-Bonnieu Sebastien 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe tropics is the nexus for many of the remaining gaps in our knowledge of environmental science, including the carbon cycle and atmospheric chemistry, with dire consequences for our ability to describe the Earth system response to a warming world. Difficulties associated with accessibility, coordinated funding models and economic instabilities preclude the establishment of a dense pan-tropical ground-based atmospheric measurement network that would otherwise help to describe the evolving state of tropical ecosystems and the associated biosphere-atmosphere fluxes on decadal timescales. The growing number of relevant sensors aboard sun-synchronous polar orbiters provide invaluable information over the remote tropics, but a large fraction of the data collected along their orbits is from higher latitudes. The International Space Station (ISS), which is in a low-inclination, precessing orbit, has already demonstrated value as a proving ground for Earth observing atmospheric sensors and as a testbed for new technology. Because low-inclination orbits spend more time collecting data over the tropics, we argue that the ISS and its successors, offer key opportunities to host new Earth-observing atmospheric sensors that can lead to a step change in our understanding of tropical carbon fluxes.