bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Isolated Labial Mucosal Fenestration by Endodontic Microsurgery Along With Platelet‐Rich Fibrin and Connective Tissue Graft: A Series of Four Cases
Authors: Tewari Shikha , Dhiman Meenu , Bhagavatheeswaran Subramony , Thakur Vidhi , Tewari Sanjay 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionThe purpose of this case report is to present endodontic and periodontal management of mucosal fenestrations with exposed root apices. The treatment protocol in present cases includes a combination of regenerative therapy using platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) with connective tissue graft (CTG) and endodontic microsurgery. Pre‐existing condition of these teeth exhibits apical lesion with prominent root position and complete buccal bone dehiscence/fenestration presents a true challenge to successful outcome.Case PresentationFour patients having concomitant mucosal fenestrations with an apical lesion and complete denudation/fenestration of the buccal plate were treated with root canal treatment and then by endodontic microsurgery. After the root‐end resection and retrograde filling, PRF was placed in the bone defect maintaining intimate contact with the bone surface. CTG was harvested from the palate, placed over the PRF, and beneath the flap corresponding to the mucosal fenestration defect, and sutured with the flap to ensure a secured position. The flap was then repositioned and sutured. All patients showed the complete coverage of the mucosal fenestration with no post‐operative complications and were followed up to 2–5 years.ConclusionPeri‐radicular endodontic microsurgery and CTG along with PRF may be used as a predictable treatment option to manage the mucosal fenestrations in such challenging cases.
Association of annual volume and in‐hospital outcomes of catheter‐directed thrombolysis for pulmonary embolism
Authors: Jung Richard G. , Simard Trevor , Hibbert Benjamin , Harris Alyssa H. , Hohmann Samuel F. , Giri Jay S. , Bashir Riyaz , Alkhouli Mohamad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to evaluate the association between the institutional volume of catheter‐directed thrombolysis (CDT) for pulmonary embolism and in‐hospital mortality.BackgroundCDT is an increasingly utilized therapy in patients with intermediate/high‐risk PE. However, data on the relationship between hospital volume and clinical outcomes remain limited.MethodsPatients who underwent CDT between October 1, 2015, and March 31, 2021, were identified in the Vizient Clinical Database. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcome were major complications, length of stay, and cost. Hospitals were dichotomized into <8 and 8 cases/year following restricted cubic spline analysis.ResultsA total of 6741 CDT procedures at 171 hospitals were included with a median annual hospital volume of 4.1 cases (IQR = 1.9–8.3). A total of 44 hospitals (25.7%) were classified as high‐volume (8 cases/year) and performed 60.9% of all CDT cases. CDT at high‐volume centers was associated with lower in‐hospital mortality (6.0% vs. 11.3%; p < 0.0001). Stroke and bleeding rates were similar, but pulmonary complications were more frequent at low‐volume centers. CDT at high volume centers was associated with a significantly shorter length of stay and lower cost. The association between high CDT volume and in‐hospital mortality persisted after adjustment for demographics (odds ratio [OR] = 0.49, [0.41–0.58]), demographics and risk factors (OR = 0.52 [0.44–0.62]), and demographics, risk factors, and troponin elevation (OR = 0.51 [0.40–0.66]).ConclusionIn a large contemporary cohort of patients undergoing CDT in the United States, low annual institutional volume of CDT was associated with higher in‐hospital mortality.
Carbon Encapsulated and rGO Wrapped Mo2C: an Anode Material with Enhanced Sodium Storage Capacity
Authors: Halankar Kruti K. , Mandal Balaji P. , Nigam Sandeep , Majumder C. , Tyagi A. K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, composite of Mo2C embedded in carbon and decorated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesised by simple and inexpensive method followed by reduction‐carbonisation for anode material for sodium ion battery. A series of techniques were utilized for structural, morphological and electrochemical characterizations. The electrochemical behaviour of Mo2C composites as anode materials of sodium ion battery was explored thoroughly. Mo2C embedded in carbon and decorated on rGO nanosheets (Mo2C/C/rGO) showed enhanced electrochemical performance in all respects. This unique design of Mo2C/C/rGO exhibited specific capacity of 498 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 current density and it retained 96.4 % of its initial capacity after 750 cycles. The added carbon and rGO nanosheets not only enhanced electronic conductivity but also minimized the adverse effect arises due to volume expansion during charging and discharging. The full cell fabricated with this rationally designed anode against NaNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 cathode delivered specific capacity of approximately 107 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1. Theoretical studies disclose that strong interaction between Mo2C and graphene modifies the band structure and geometrical parameters which facilitates sodium ion movement in the composite. These results shed light on Mo2C/C/rGO as future potential anode material for sodium ion battery application.
Elucidating 2D Charge‐Density‐Wave Atomic Structure in an MX–Chain by the 3D‐ΔPair Distribution Function Method**
Authors: Guérin Laurent , Yoshida Takefumi , Zatterin Edoardo , Simonov Arkadiy , Chernyshov Dmitry , Iguchi Hiroaki , Toudic Bertrand , Takaishi Shinya , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMany solids, particularly low‐dimensional systems, exhibit charge density waves (CDWs). In one dimension, charge density waves are well understood, but in two dimensions, their structure and their origin are difficult to reveal. Herein, the 2D charge‐density‐wave atomic structure and stabilization mechanism in the bromide‐bridged Pd compound [Pd(cptn)2Br]Br2 (cptn=1R,2R‐diaminocyclopentane) is investigated by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction employing the 3D‐Δpair distribution function (3D‐ΔPDF) method. Analysis of the diffuse scattering using 3D‐ΔPDF shows that a 2D‐CDW is stabilized by a hydrogen‐bonding network between Br− counteranion and the amine (NH2) group of the cptn in‐plane ligand, and that 3D ordering is prevented due to a weak plane to plane correlation. We extract the effective displacements of the atoms describing the atomic structure quantitatively and discuss the stabilization mechanism of the 2D‐CDW. Our study provides a method to identify and measure the key interaction responsible for the dimensionality and stability of the CDW that can help further progress of rational design.
Efficient Gamma‐Retroviral Transduction of Primary Human Skin Cells Using the EF‐c Peptide as a Transduction Enhancer
Authors: Barbier Martin A. , Piaceski Angela Dakiw , Larouche Danielle , Villeneuve Sarah H. , Ghani Karim , Pope Elena , Caruso Manuel , Germain Lucie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEfficient gene transfer into cultured fibroblasts and keratinocytes during retroviral transduction is a critical step toward the treatment of genodermatoses such as epidermolysis bullosa. However, achieving high transduction rates is still a difficult task, particularly for the insertion of large coding sequences for which high viral titers cannot always be obtained. Multiple polycationic molecules, such as polybrene, which has been used in several clinical trials, have the ability to boost ex vivo retroviral gene transfer. However, the use of polybrene has been associated with a reduction of the proliferation and growth potential of human keratinocytes in culture. We developed a method for the efficient retroviral transduction of primary fibroblasts and keratinocytes using EF‐c, a polycationic nanofibril‐forming peptide. In comparison with polybrene, we found that the retroviral transduction efficiency with EF‐c was increased 2.5‐ to 3.2‐fold for fibroblasts, but not for keratinocytes. Moreover, the use of EF‐c did not affect fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte stem cell content, whereas polybrene induced a decrease in both. This method could have a positive impact on the development of ex vivo gene correction of genodermatoses, allowing for more efficient gene transfer into primary skin cells with little to no effect on proliferation and stem cell content. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Fibroblast and keratinocyte transductionSupport Protocol: Assessment of transduction efficiency through flow cytometry analysis
Assessment of Muscle Function Following hiPSC‐Derived Myoblast Transplantation in Dystrophic Mice
Authors: Fabre Paul , Molina Thomas , Orfi Zakaria , Dumont Nicolas A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMuscular dystrophies are caused by genetic variants in genes encoding for proteins important for muscle structure or function, leading to a loss of muscle integrity and muscle wasting. To this day, no cure has been found for these diseases. Different therapeutic approaches are under intensive investigation. Cellular therapy has been extensively studied for diseases such as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a debilitating disease caused by a mutation in the DMD gene, encoding for the dystrophin protein. Healthy myogenic cells transplanted into dystrophic muscles have the potential to engraft at long‐term and fuse to donate their nuclei to the dystrophin‐deficient myofibers, thereby restoring normal gene expression. Despite promising preclinical studies, the clinical trials had limited success so far due to many technical limitations. The recent technological advances in induced‐pluripotent stem cells and genome editing opened new opportunities in this field. One of the keys to efficiently translate these new technologies into clinical benefits is to use relevant endpoints for preclinical studies. Considering that dystrophic muscles are susceptible to contraction‐induced injury, the assessment of their resistance to repeated eccentric contractions is an optimal outcome to evaluate their functional recovery following cell transplantation. This protocol describes the procedure to generate induced‐pluripotent stem cell‐derived myoblasts, transplant these cells into skeletal muscle of immunosuppressed dystrophic mice, and assess muscle function in situ by measuring the resistance of the transplanted muscle to repeated eccentric contractions. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 4 August 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of hiPSC‐derived myoblasts.Basic Protocol 2: Transplantation of hiPSC‐derived myoblasts in skeletal muscle of dystrophic mice.Basic Protocol 3: Assessment of muscle function in situ
LDLR dysfunction induces LDL accumulation and promotes pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Shi Xiangguang , Chen Yahui , Liu Qingmei , Mei Xueqian , Liu Jing , Tang Yulong , Luo Ruoyu , Sun Dayan , Ma Yanyun , Wu Wenyu , Tu Wenzhen , Zhao Yinhuan , Xu Weihong , Ke Yuehai , Jiang Shuai , Huang Yan , Zhang Rui , Wang Lei , Chen Yuanyuan , Xia Jingjing , Pu Weilin , Zhu Honglin , Zuo Xiaoxia , Li Yisha , Xu Jinhua , Gao Fei , Wei Dong , Chen Jingyu , Yin Wenguang , Wang Qingwen , Dai Huaping , Yang Libing , Guo Gang , Cui Jimin , Song Nana , Zou Hejian , Zhao Shimin , Distler Jörg H.W. , Jin Li , Wang Jiucun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTreatments for pulmonary fibrosis (PF) are ineffective because its molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic targets are unclear. Here, we show that the expression of low‐density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) was significantly decreased in alveolar type II (ATII) and fibroblast cells, whereas it was increased in endothelial cells from systemic sclerosis‐related PF (SSc‐PF) patients and idiopathic PF (IPF) patients compared with healthy controls. However, the plasma levels of low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) increased in SSc‐PF and IPF patients. The disrupted LDL–LDLR metabolism was also observed in four mouse PF models. Upon bleomycin (BLM) treatment, Ldlr‐deficient (Ldlr−/−) mice exhibited remarkably higher LDL levels, abundant apoptosis, increased fibroblast‐like endothelial and ATII cells and significantly earlier and more severe fibrotic response compared to wild‐type mice. In vitro experiments revealed that apoptosis and TGF‐β1 production were induced by LDL, while fibroblast‐like cell accumulation and ET‐1 expression were induced by LDLR knockdown. Treatment of fibroblasts with LDL or culture medium derived from LDL‐pretreated endothelial or epithelial cells led to obvious fibrotic responses in vitro. Similar results were observed after LDLR knockdown operation. These results suggest that disturbed LDL–LDLR metabolism contributes in various ways to the malfunction of endothelial and epithelial cells, and fibroblasts during pulmonary fibrogenesis. In addition, pharmacological restoration of LDLR levels by using a combination of atorvastatin and alirocumab inhibited BLM‐induced LDL elevation, apoptosis, fibroblast‐like cell accumulation and mitigated PF in mice. Therefore, LDL–LDLR may serve as an important mediator in PF, and LDLR enhancing strategies may have beneficial effects on PF.
Comorbidity between eating disorders and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Momen Natalie C. , Plana‐Ripoll Oleguer , Yilmaz Zeynep , Thornton Laura M. , McGrath John J. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Petersen Liselotte Vogdrup 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious literature has established an increased risk of eating disorders among individuals with other psychiatric disorders and vice versa. However, often studies have focused on eating disorders as a single diagnostic entity and/or investigated selected psychiatric comorbidities. We conducted a comprehensive study, exploring bidirectional associations between different types of eating disorders and broad groups of all other psychiatric disorders, to identify patterns of comorbidity.MethodWe included all people born in Denmark 1963–2010. We collected information on eating disorders and considered the risk of subsequent psychiatric disorders using Cox‐proportional hazards regression. Absolute risks were calculated using competing risks survival analyses. We also considered prior psychiatric disorders and subsequent eating disorders.ResultsAn increased risk was seen for almost all disorder pairs of diagnoses evaluated. Following an anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis, the median hazard ratio for the different subsequent psychiatric disorders was 3.80 (range 2.48–6.15); following an other eating disorder (OED) diagnosis, it was 3.16 (range 2.05–5.14). After different psychiatric disorder diagnoses, the median hazard ratio was 2.66 for later AN (range 1.21–5.31), and 2.51 for later OED (range 1.25–4.10). Absolute risk of eating disorders was also higher among those with other psychiatric disorders than those without.DiscussionIn this broad examination, we identified bidirectional increases in risk of comorbidity for those with both eating disorder diagnoses and psychiatric disorder diagnoses. Although our findings indicate different patterns of comorbidity between eating disorders, these variations were generally small.
RAD‐tag and mitochondrial DNA sequencing reveal the genetic structure of a widespread and regionally imperiled freshwater mussel, Obovaria olivaria (Bivalvia: Unionidae)
Authors: Bucholz Jamie R. , Sard Nicholas M. , VanTassel Nichelle M. , Lozier Jeffrey D. , Morris Todd J. , Paquet Annie , Zanatta David T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObovaria olivaria is a species of freshwater mussel native to the Mississippi River and Laurentian Great Lakes‐St. Lawrence River drainages of North America. This mussel has experienced population declines across large parts of its distribution and is imperiled in many jurisdictions. Obovaria olivaria uses the similarly imperiled Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon) as a host for its glochidia. We employed mitochondrial DNA sequencing and restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) to assess patterns of genetic diversity and population structure of O. olivaria from 19 collection locations including the St. Lawrence River drainage, the Great Lakes drainage, the Upper Mississippi River drainage, the Ohioan River drainage, and the Mississippi Embayment. Heterozygosity was highest in Upper Mississippi and Great Lakes populations, followed by a reduction in diversity and relative effective population size in the St. Lawrence populations. Pairwise FST ranged from 0.00 to 0.20, and analyses of genetic structure revealed two major ancestral populations, one including all St. Lawrence River/Ottawa River sites and the other including remaining sites; however, significant admixture and isolation by river distance across the range were evident. The genetic diversity and structure of O. olivaria is consistent with the existing literature on Acipenser fulvescens and suggests that, although northern and southern O. olivaria populations are genetically distinct, genetic structure in O. olivaria is largely clinal rather than discrete across its range. Conservation and restoration efforts of O. olivaria should prioritize the maintenance and restoration of locations where O. olivaria remain, especially in northern rivers, and to ensure connectivity that will facilitate dispersal of Acipenser fulvescens and movement of encysted glochidia.
Climate warming may weaken stabilizing mechanisms in old forests
Authors: Germain Sara J. , Lutz James A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlant competition may intensify with climate warming, but whether this will occur equally for conspecific and heterospecific competition remains unknown. Competitive shifts have the potential to instigate community change because the relative strengths of conspecific and heterospecific negative density dependence mediate the stabilizing mechanisms underpinning species coexistence. We examined a mature temperate forest to assess both direct and indirect climate effects at multiple scales: individual species, interspecies relationships, and community stability mechanisms. Our coupled approach (1) quantified tree mortality risk dependence on the interactive effects of competition, climatic water deficit, snowpack, and soil moisture for 28,913 trees over 8 years (3149 mortalities), then (2) used a climate‐projection ensemble to forecast changes in conspecific and heterospecific competition from 2020 to 2100. We predict that projected climate warming will destabilize the foundational forest community by increasing the strength of heterospecific competition at a greater rate and to a greater degree than conspecific competition for four of five abundant tree species, particularly on dry microsites. Modeling showed that these findings were most pronounced after the year 2038, at which point snowpacks were projected to be too small to ameliorate the effects of drought on competitive interactions. Our finding that heterospecific competition is more sensitive than conspecific competition to climate warming may indicate the impending loss of ecosystem functioning. We join the growing body of work showing a predominance of indirect drought effects, yet coupled climate models still fail to consider how changing community dynamics may impact forest cover and, in turn, disrupt forest–climate carbon feedbacks. Ecosystems sharing characteristics with our example forest—those with low species richness and therefore a limited biodiversity insurance effect—may be similarly vulnerable to climate‐mediated destabilization. In such communities, increased heterospecific competition among even a small number of species can more easily destabilize communities without recourse from redundant species. This study of an overlooked but vital mechanism of community change can be adapted by research in a range of ecosystems to improve the understanding of climate change consequences.
Living with heart failure: patient experiences and implications for physical activity and daily living
Authors: Niklasson Anna , Maher Joshua , Patil Rakshit , Sillén Henrik , Chen Jersey , Gwaltney Chad , Rydén Anna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) substantially limits the ability of patients to engage in physical activities. A detailed understanding of how patients experience these limitations is required to develop valid and sensitive measures for use in clinical research. This qualitative study was designed to provide a thorough description of how HF patients experience physical activity limitations in their daily lives.Methods and resultsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 40 HF patients. Interview transcripts were coded with the aim of identifying key aspects of physical activity. Patients were divided between HF with preserved ejection fraction (n = 21, 52.5%) and HF with reduced ejection fraction (n = 19, 47.5%); the majority of patients were New York Heart Association Class II (n = 22, 52.5%) or Class III (n = 16, 40.0%). Relevant physical activity themes, including mobility and broader daily function areas, were identified. The most frequently reported mobility limitations involved difficulty walking (up a steep incline, up steps, and long distances), limited walking speed, difficulty standing for long periods of time, and difficulty carrying and lifting objects. These limitations were principally related to three HF symptoms: dyspnoea, tiredness/fatigue, and peripheral oedema. Patients adapted to their symptoms and related mobility limitations in several ways, including taking rests during an activity, doing an activity more slowly, and avoiding/refraining from an activity altogether. The broader daily function areas most commonly impacted by the mobility limitations were housework, exercising or playing sports, and going shopping.ConclusionsHeart failure patients report numerous physical activity limitations. These specific mobility and daily function areas can be measured using clinical outcome assessments (e.g. patient‐reported outcomes and performance outcomes) in clinical trials and observational research. Accelerometry can be used to contribute to a holistic picture of patient functioning by passively collecting this type of data.