bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Star to Tag Them All (OSTTA)
Authors: Carrera R. , Casamiquela L. , Bragaglia A. , Carretta E. , Carbajo-Hijarrubia J. , Jordi C. , Alonso-Santiago J. , Balaguer-Nuñez L. , Baratella M. , D’Orazi V. , Lucatello S. , Soubiran C. 
Published: April 2022

Context. Open clusters are ideal laboratories to investigate a variety of astrophysical topics, from the properties of the Galactic disc to stellar evolution models. For this purpose, we need to know their chemical composition in detail. Unfortunately, the number of systems with chemical abundances determined from high resolution spectroscopy remains small.
Aims. Our aim is to increase the number of open clusters with radial velocities and chemical abundances determined from high resolution spectroscopy by sampling a few stars in clusters which had not been previously studied.
Methods. We obtained high resolution spectra with the FIbre-fed Echelle Spectrograph at Nordic Optical Telescope for 41 stars belonging to 20 open clusters. These stars have high astrometric membership probabilities determined from the Gaia second data release.
Results. We derived radial velocites for all the observed stars which were used to confirm their membership to the corresponding clusters. For Gulliver 37, we cannot be sure the observed star is a real member. We derived atmospheric parameters for the 32 stars considered to be real cluster members. We discarded five stars because they have very low gravity or their atmospheric parameters were not properly constrained due to low signal-to-noise ratio spectra. Therefore, detailed chemical abundances were determined for 28 stars belonging to 17 clusters. For most of them, this is the first chemical analysis available in the literature. Finally, we compared the clusters in our sample to a large population of well-studied clusters. The studied systems follow the trends, both chemical and kinematical, described by the majority of open clusters. It is worth mentioning that the three most metal-poor studied clusters (NGC 1027, NGC 1750, and Trumpler 2) are enhanced in Si, but not in the other α-elements studied (Mg, Ca, and Ti).
Storm time neutral density assimilation in the thermosphere ionosphere with TIDA
Authors: Codrescu Mihail V. , Codrescu Stefan M. , Fedrizzi Mariangel 
Published: April 2022

To improve Thermosphere–Ionosphere modeling during disturbed conditions, data assimilation schemes that can account for the large and fast-moving gradients moving through the modeled domain are necessary. We argue that this requires a physics based background model with a non-stationary covariance. An added benefit of using physics-based models would be improved forecasting capability over largely persistence-based forecasts of empirical models. As a reference implementation, we have developed an ensemble Kalman Filter (enKF) software called Thermosphere Ionosphere Data Assimilation (TIDA) using the physics-based Coupled Thermosphere Ionosphere Plasmasphere electrodynamics (CTIPe) model as the background. In this paper, we present detailed results from experiments during the 2003 Halloween Storm, 27–31 October 2003, under very disturbed (Kp = 9) conditions while assimilating GRACE-A and B, and CHAMP neutral density measurements. TIDA simulates this disturbed period without using the L1 solar wind measurements, which were contaminated by solar energetic protons, by estimating the model drivers from the density measurements. We also briefly present statistical results for two additional storms: September 27 – October 2, 2002, and July 26 – 30, 2004, to show that the improvement in assimilated neutral density specification is not an artifact of the corrupted forcing observations during the 2003 Halloween Storm. By showing statistical results from assimilating one satellite at a time, we show that TIDA produces a coherent global specification for neutral density throughout the storm – a critical capability in calculating satellite drag and debris collision avoidance for space traffic management.
Lifetime serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH) is associated with hand grip strengths: insight from a Mendelian randomisation
Authors: Mazidi Mohsen , Davies Ian G , Penson Peter , Rikkonen Toni , Isanejad Masoud 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Clinical trials have suggested that increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has positive effect on hand grip strength. This Mendelian randomisation (MR) was implemented using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association studies on vitamin D (n = 73,699) and hand grip strength. Inverse variance weighted method (IVW) was used to estimate the causal estimates. Weighted median (WM)-based method, MR-Egger and leave-one-out were applied as sensitivity analysis. Results showed that genetically higher-serum 25(OH)D levels had a positive effect on both right hand grip (IVW = Beta: 0.038, P = 0.030) and left hand grip (IVW = Beta: 0.034, P = 0.036). There was a low likelihood (statistically insignificant) of heterogeneity and pleiotropy, and the observed associations were not driven by single single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Furthermore, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier did not highlight any outliers. In conclusion, our results highlighted the causal and beneficial effect of serum 25(OH) D on right- and left-hand grip strengths.
Ninjin'yoeito, a traditional Japanese medicine, attenuates age-related deficits of muscle performance, self-care motivation, and body temperature in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Matsubara Yosuke , Miyama Yuko , Imai Ryota , Oizumi Hiroaki , Miyazaki Shinji , Haneda Eisuke , Mizuno Keita , Omiya Yuji , Ikeda Yoshiki , Mizoguchi Kazushige 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As both physiological and psychological factors influence age-associated declines in older people, the development of drug therapy with multifaceted effects is required. To investigate the utility of ninjin'yoeito (NYT) against geriatric syndromes, we evaluated the effects of NYT on age-related declines in old C57BL/6 mice (88-week-old) as a pre-clinical model of frailty progression. Here, we showed that NYT reversed the decline of rectal temperature in old mice, and also improved forelimb grip strength compared to that in the old control group without affecting skeletal muscle loss. Moreover, NYT significantly increased the duration of grooming after a sucrose solution was sprayed, which reflected self-care motivation. Finally, we revealed the anti-oxidant effects of NYT using a cell-free assay. These results suggest that NYT can improve both physiological and psychological declines associated with aging, and the mechanism may include anti-oxidant effects. NYT may have potential utility for maintaining the health of older people.
Antiretroviral Initiation at ≥800 CD4+ Cells/mm3 Associated With Lower Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoir Size
Authors: Rasmussen Thomas A , Ahuja Sunil K , Kuwanda Locadiah , Vjecha Michael J , Hudson Fleur , Lal Luxshimi , Rhodes Ajantha , Chang Judy , Palmer Sarah , Auberson-Munderi Paula , Mugerwa Henry , Wood Robin , Badal-Faesen Sharlaa , Pillay Sandy , Mngqibisa Rosie , LaRosa Alberto , Hildago Jose , Petoumenos Kathy , Chiu Chris , Lutaakome Joseph , Kitonsa Jonathan , Kabaswaga Esther , Pala Pietro , Ganoza Carmela , Fisher Katie , Chang Christina , Lewin Sharon R , Wright Edwina J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Identifying factors that determine the frequency of latently infected CD4+ T cells on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may inform strategies for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure. We investigated the role of CD4+ count at ART initiation for HIV persistence on ART.

Methods
Among participants of the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment Study, we enrolled people with HIV (PWH) who initiated ART with CD4+ T-cell counts of 500–599, 600–799, or ≥ 800 cells/mm3. After 36–44 months on ART, the levels of total HIV-DNA, cell-associated unspliced HIV-RNA (CA-US HIV-RNA), and two-long terminal repeat HIV-DNA in CD4+ T cells were quantified and plasma HIV-RNA was measured by single-copy assay. We measured T-cell expression of Human Leucocyte Antigen-DR Isotype (HLA-DR), programmed death-1, and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (pSTAT5). Virological and immunological measures were compared across CD4+ strata.

Results
We enrolled 146 PWH, 36 in the 500–599, 60 in the 600–799, and 50 in the ≥ 800 CD4 strata. After 36–44 months of ART, total HIV-DNA, plasma HIV-RNA, and HLA-DR expression were significantly lower in PWH with CD4+ T-cell count ≥ 800 cells/mm3 at ART initiation compared with 600–799 or 500–599 cells/mm3. The median level of HIV-DNA after 36–44 months of ART was lower by 75% in participants initiating ART with ≥ 800 vs 500–599 cells/mm3 (median [interquartile range]: 16.3 [7.0–117.6] vs 68.4 [13.7–213.1] copies/million cells, respectively). Higher pSTAT5 expression significantly correlated with lower levels of HIV-DNA and CA-US HIV-RNA. Virological measures were significantly lower in females.

Conclusions
Initiating ART with a CD4+ count ≥ 800 cells/mm3 compared with 600–799 or 500–599 cells/mm3 was associated with achieving a substantially smaller HIV reservoir on ART.
Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-Spike-reactive antibody and T-cell responses in chronic kidney disease patients within 3 months after COVID-19 full vaccination
Authors: Panizo Nayara , Albert Eliseo , Giménez-Civera Elena , Puchades Maria Jesús , D'Marco Luis , Gandía-Salmerón Lorena , Giménez Estela , Torre Ignacio , Sancho Asunción , Gavela Eva , Gonzalez-Rico Miguel , Montomoli Marco , Perez-Baylach Carmen Maria , Bonilla Begoña , Solano Camila , Alvarado Mª Fernanda , Torregrosa Isidro , Alcaraz María Jesús , Górriz José Luis , Navarro David 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Little is known regarding the dynamics of antibody and T-cell responses in chronic kidney disease (CKD) following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.

Methods
Prospective observational cohort study including 144 participants on haemodialysis (HD) (n = 52) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 14), those undergoing kidney transplantation (KT) (n = 30) or those with advanced CKD (ACKD) not on dialysis and healthy controls (n = 18). Anti-Spike (S) antibody and T-cell responses were assessed at 15 days (15D) and 3 months (3M) after complete vaccination schedule. HD, PD and KT patients received mRNA vaccines (mRNA-123 and BNT162b2). Most ACKD patients received BNT162b2 (n = 23), or Ad26.COV.2.S (4). Most controls received BNT162b2 (n = 12), or Ad26.COV.2.S (n = 5).

Results
Anti-S antibodies at 15D and 3M were detectable in 95% (48/50)/98% (49/50) of HD patients, 93% (13/14)/100% of PD patients, 67% (17/26)/75% (21/28) of KT patients and 96% (25/26)/100% (24/24) of ACKD patients. Rates for healthy controls were 81% (13/16)/100% (17/17). Previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2-S) infection was documented in four (7.7%) HD patients, two (14.3%) PD patients, two (6.7%) KT patients, one (5.55%) healthy control and in no ACKD patient. Antibody levels decreased at 3M in HD (P = .04), PD (P = .008) and ACKD patients (P = .0009). In KT patients, levels increased (P = .04) between 15D and 3M, although they were low at both time points.
T-cell responses were detected in HD patients in 37 (80%) at baseline, 35 (70%) at 15D and 41 (91%) at 3M. In PD patients, T-cell responses appeared in 8 (67%) at baseline, 13 (93%) at 15D and 9 (100%) at 3M. In KT patients, T-cell responses were detected in 12 (41%) at baseline, 22 (84%) at 15D and 25 (96%) at 3M. In ACKD patients, T-cell responses were detected in 13 (46%) at baseline, 20 (80%) at 15D and 17 (89%) at 3M. None of healthy controls showed T-cell response at baseline, 10 (67%) at 15D and 8 (89%) at 3M.

Conclusions
Most HD, PD and ACKD patients develop SARS-CoV-2-S antibody responses comparable to that of healthy controls, in contrast to KT recipients. Antibody waning at 3M was faster in HD, PD and ACKD patients. No differences in SARS-CoV-2 T-cell immunity responses were noticed across study groups.
Anomalously high abundance ofCrocosphaerain the South Pacific Gyre
Authors: Benavides Mar , Caffin Mathieu , Duhamel Solange , Foster Rachel Ann , Grosso Olivier , Guieu Cécile , Van Wambeke France , Bonnet Sophie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium Crocosphaera contributes significantly to fixed nitrogen inputs in the oligotrophic ocean. In the western tropical South Pacific Ocean (WTSP), these diazotrophs abound thanks to the phosphorus-rich waters provided by the South Equatorial Current, and iron provided aeolian and subsurface volcanic activity. East of the WTSP, the South Pacific Gyre (SPG) harbors the most oligotrophic and transparent waters of the world's oceans, where only heterotrophic diazotrophs have been reported before. Here, in the SPG, we detected unexpected accumulation of Crocosphaera at 50 m with peak abundances of 5.26 × 105 nifH gene copies l–1. The abundance of Crocosphaera at 50 m was in the same order of magnitude as those detected westwards in the WTSP and represented 100% of volumetric N2 fixation rates. This accumulation at 50 m was likely due to a deeper penetration of UV light in the clear waters of the SPG being detrimental for Crocosphaera growth and N2 fixation activity. Nutrient and trace metal addition experiments did not induce any significant changes in N2 fixation or Crocosphaera abundance, indicating that this population was not limited by the resources tested and could develop in high numbers despite the oligotrophic conditions. Our findings indicate that the distribution of Crocosphaera can extend into subtropical gyres and further understanding of their controlling factors is needed.
Alpha-synucleinopathy reduces NMNAT3 protein levels and neurite formation that can be rescued by targeting the NAD+ pathway
Authors: Parsons Richard B , Kocinaj Altin , Ruiz Pulido Gustavo , Prendergast Sarah A , Parsons Anna E , Facey Paul D , Hirth Frank 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the deposition of α-synuclein, which leads to synaptic dysfunction, the loss of neuronal connections and ultimately progressive neurodegeneration. Despite extensive research into Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis, the mechanisms underlying α-synuclein-mediated synaptopathy have remained elusive. Several lines of evidence suggest that altered nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism might be causally related to synucleinopathies, including Parkinson’s disease. NAD+ metabolism is central to the maintenance of synaptic structure and function. Its synthesis is mediated by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferases (NMNATs), but their role in Parkinson’s disease is not known. Here we report significantly decreased levels of NMNAT3 protein in the caudate nucleus of patients who have died with Parkinson’s disease, which inversely correlated with the amount of monomeric α-synuclein. The detected alterations were specific and significant as the expression levels of NMNAT1, NMNAT2 and sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 (SARM1) were not significantly different in Parkinson’s disease patients compared to controls. To test the functional significance of these findings, we ectopically expressed wild-type α-synuclein in retinoic acid-differentiated dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells that resulted in decreased levels of NMNAT3 protein plus a neurite pathology, which could be rescued by FK866, an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase that acts as a key enzyme in the regulation of NAD+ synthesis. Our results establish, for the first time, NMNAT3 alterations in Parkinson’s disease and demonstrate in human cells that this phenotype together with neurite pathology is causally related to α-synucleinopathy. These findings identify alterations in the NAD+ biosynthetic pathway as a pathogenic mechanism underlying α-synuclein-mediated synaptopathy.
The T-Cell Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Inflammatory Bowel Disease is Augmented with Anti-TNF Therapy
Authors: Li Dalin , Xu Alexander , Mengesha Emebet , Elyanow Rebecca , Gittelman Rachel M , Chapman Heidi , Prostko John C , Frias Edwin C , Stewart James L , Pozdnyakova Valeriya , Debbas Philip , Mujukian Angela , Horizon Arash A , Merin Noah , Joung Sandy , Botwin Gregory J , Sobhani Kimia , Figueiredo Jane C , Cheng Susan , Kaplan Ian M , McGovern Dermot P B , Merchant Akil , Melmed Gil Y , Braun Jonathan 
Published: April 2022

Lay Summary
T-cell and antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients are poorly correlated. T-cell responses are preserved by most biologic therapies, but augmented by anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment. While anti-TNF therapy blunts the antibody response, cellular immunity after vaccination is robust.
Humoral Immunogenicity of 3 COVID-19 Messenger RNA Vaccine Doses in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Schell Trevor L , Knutson Keith L , Saha Sumona , Wald Arnold , Phan Hiep S , Almasry Mazen , Chun Kelly , Grimes Ian , Lutz Megan , Hayney Mary S , Farraye Francis A , Caldera Freddy 
Published: April 2022

Lay Summary
Herein, we evaluated the humoral immunogenicity of a third coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine dose in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. All patients displayed a humoral immune response, and median antibody concentrations were higher after the third dose than after completion of the 2-dose series.
Tackling antimicrobial resistance in practice: dental students’ evaluation of university teaching supplemented by an online course
Authors: Cooper Lesley , Sneddon Jacqueline , Thompson Wendy , Guise Tracey , Robertson Douglas , Smith Andrew 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a global threat to public health. Engaging all healthcare professionals including undergraduates in efforts to tackle AMR is vital. Sharing and spreading good practice in teaching on AMR and antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is a key ambition in Scotland. In 2020, the University of Glasgow Dental School supplemented teaching with mandatory completion by final year undergraduates of an online education programme on the essential role of dental teams in reducing AMR.

Objectives
To evaluate final year dental students’ knowledge and experience of utilizing an online international educational, interactive resource to supplement university teaching: Tackling Antibiotic Resistance: What Should Dental Teams Do?

Methods
Cross-sectional qualitative evaluation using a self-administered questionnaire with open questions about course content, learning and personal action planning. Data were thematically analysed using NVivo12 Pro software.

Results
A total of 88 students completed a questionnaire, which indicated online training had increased their understanding of AMR and AMS from a global perspective and confirmed these topics were an integral part of their undergraduate education programme. Their action plans demonstrated enthusiasm for creating an AMS culture in clinical practice and an understanding of the need for ongoing education of themselves, their colleagues and patients.

Conclusions
Education delivery using a variety of media to support teaching and learning in Glasgow Dental School was effective in ensuring that students understand their role in tackling AMR. Students were positive about the addition of an online education programme to supplement university teaching. This approach may be beneficial for other undergraduate dentistry programmes.
Department-focused electronic health record thrive training
Authors: Livingston Katie , Bovi Joseph 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A novel approach of department-focused electronic health record (EHR) training was implemented to improve efficiency and time management of EHR use. Based off baseline log data, 5 in-person training sessions were designed, focusing on the common inefficiencies of 6 chosen participants. Log data of 4 key metrics and 2 efficiency scores were analyzed 4 months post-training. A survey was conducted to assess self-reported EHR competence. Individually, several participants had improved efficiency scores. There was a reduced average time spent in the inbox per day, in notes per dictation, and in notes per day. This translated to an average of 8.9 min saved per day (range 0–29.1 min/day) and 37.1 hours saved per year (range 0–116.2 hours/year). From the post-training surveys, all participants felt more efficient in their use of the EHR. This study demonstrates an example of department-focused EHR training and log-based analysis improving time management and efficiency.
Immunomodulatory Treatment of Lyell’s Syndrome: A Simultaneous Plasmapheresis and Intravenous Immunoglobulins Therapy
Authors: Strużyna Jerzy , Surowiecka Agnieszka , Korzeniowski Tomasz , Piszczek Joanna , Korulczyk Patrycja , Drozd Lukasz , Stachura Aldona , Torres Kamil , Krajewski Andrzej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Lyell’s syndrome, or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but life-threatening condition. It manifests with blistering of skin and mucous due to subepidermal bullae and keratinocyte necrosis. In most cases, it is an immune response to drugs or their metabolites. The mortality in TEN is high despite optimal infection and wound control. There are no unequivocal treatment guidelines in TEN. Immunosuppressive treatment may increase the wound infection risk and mortality. The aim of the study was to evaluate a 10-year experience with immunomodulatory therapy in TEN. We perform a combination of plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulins to control the disease. There were 35 patients in the group and we performed a post hoc evaluation. Twenty-eight patients received the full protocol and there were seven patients who did not complete the treatment (single therapy group). The mortality in the test group was 14.29%, and the difference reached statistical significance in comparison with the single therapy group (P &lt; .05). Our protocol reduced the mortality risk five times. Our study proved that simultaneous plasmaphereses with intravenous immunoglobulins administration were safe and improved patients’ outcome in TEN.