bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPARISON OF PEDIATRIC LENS DOSE MEASUREMENTS BETWEEN AXIAL SCAN MODE WITHOUT ACTIVE COLLIMATOR AND HELICAL SCAN MODE WITH ACTIVE COLLIMATOR BY USING A 64 DETECTOR-ROW COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER
Authors: Masuda Takanori , Funama Yoshinori , Nakaura Takeshi , Sato Tomoyasu , Urayama Kotaro , Kiguchi Masao , Oku Takayuki , Arao Shinichi , Ono Atsushi , Hiratsuka Junichi , Awai Kazuo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To investigate the pediatric eye lens entrance surface dose for both axial scan modes without an active collimator and helical scan modes with an active collimator on 64 detector-row computed tomography (CT) scanner. We used three pediatric anthropomorphic phantoms with axial and helical scan modes from the superior orbitomeatal line to the crown of the head. We compared the measured dose values of the real-time skin dosemeter at the surfaces of the lens and the image noise at different scan modes. The median measured dose values for the lens of newborn, 1-year-old and the 5-year-old phantom were 31.3, 0.97 and 0.65 mGy, respectively, in the axial scan mode and 0.89, 1.21 and 0.71 mGy, respectively, in the helical scan mode. Compared with helical scans with an active collimators, axial scans can reduce the lens dose by ∼10% during head CT on 64 detector-row CT scanner without deterioration of image noise.
Impact of storage conditions and premix type on water-soluble vitamin stability
Authors: Saensukjaroenphon Marut , Jones Cassandra K , Evans Caitlin E , Gebhardt Jordan T , Woodworth Jason C , Stark Charles R , Bergstrom Jon R , Paulk Chad B 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Mitigation options to reduce the risk of foreign animal disease entry into the United States may lead to degradation of some vitamins. The objective of Exp. 1 was to determine the impact of 0, 30, 60, or 90 d storage time on water-soluble vitamin (riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and cobalamin) stability when vitamin premix (VP) and vitamin trace mineral premix (VTM) were blended with 1% inclusion of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) (1:1:1 blend of C6:C8:C10) or mineral oil (MO) with different environmental conditions. Samples stored at room temperature (RT) (approximately 22 °C) or in an environmentally controlled chamber set at 40 °C and 75% humidity, high temperature high humidity (HTHH). The sample bags were pulled out at day 0, 30, 60, and 90 for RT condition and HTHH condition. Therefore, treatments were analyzed as a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 factorial, with two premix types (vitamin premix vs. VTM), two oil types (MO vs. MCFA), two storage conditions (RT vs. HTHH), and three time points (day 30, 60, and 90). The objective of Exp. 2 was to determine the effect of heat pulse treatment and MCFA addition on water-soluble vitamin (riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and cobalamin) stability with two premix types. A sample from each treatment was heated at 60 °C and 20% humidity. Therefore, treatments were analyzed as a 2 × 2 factorial, with two premix types (VP vs. VTM) and two oil types (MO vs. MCFA). For Exp. 1, the following effects were significant for riboflavin: main effect of premix type (P &lt; 0.0001), storage condition (P = 0.015), and storage time (P &lt; 0.0001); for pantothenic acid: premix type × storage time × storage condition (P = 0.003) and premix type × oil type (P &lt; 0.0001) interactions; and for cobalamin: premix type × storage condition (P &lt; 0.0001) and storage time × storage condition (P &lt; 0.0001) interactions and main effect of oil type (P = 0.018). The results of Exp. 2 demonstrated that there was an interaction between oil type and premix type for only pantothenic acid (P = 0.021). The oil type did not affect the stability of riboflavin, niacin, or cobalamin and pantothenic acid stability was not different within similar premixes. The only difference in water-soluble vitamin stability between VP and VTM was for pantothenic acid (P &lt; 0.001). The results of this experiment demonstrated that the stability of water soluble vitamins are dependent on the vitamin of interest and the conditions at which it is stored.
Validation of High-Throughput Sequencing as Virus Indexing Test for Musa Germplasm: Performance Criteria Evaluation and Contamination Monitoring Using an Alien Control
Authors: Rong Wei , Rollin Johan , Hanafi Marwa , Roux Nicolas , Massart Sebastien 
Published: October 2022

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have brought tremendous improvements in the ability to detect plant viruses and have great potential for application in virus routine diagnostics. The performance criteria of an HTS test need therefore to be estimated and compared with traditional virus indexing tests before it can be used in routine diagnostics. In this study, 78 Musa accessions previously indexed for viruses by molecular tests and/or electron microscopy were tested individually or in pools using an HTS protocol based on total RNA sequencing. The analytical sensitivity of HTS and RT-PCR was also compared by independent testing on serial dilutions of RNA extracts. In total, 136 libraries were sequenced in five batches, and the sequences were analyzed for virus detection. The external alien control, a wheat sample infected by barley yellow dwarf virus, monitored the contamination burden and determined an adaptative detection threshold. Overall, the HTS test displayed a better analytical sensitivity than the RT-PCR and a better inclusivity than the classical indexing protocol, as distant isolates and new viral species were only detected by the HTS test. The repeatability and reproducibility of virus detection were both 100%, although differences in number of sequencing reads per virus were observed between replicates. The diagnostic sensitivity was very high, but false positive results were observed. Finally, the results also underlined the need for expert judgement in the interpretation of the results. In conclusion, the HTS test with an alien control and completed by expert evaluation fulfilled the criteria of the virus indexing protocol for Musa germplasm. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Screening and Assessing Biological Differences Among Oomycete-Parasitic Trichoderma asperellum Isolates for Biological Control Development
Authors: Tancos Matthew A. , Thomas Jami L. , Widmer Timothy L. 
Published: October 2022

Trichoderma are ubiquitous soil-inhabiting fungi that produce numerous extracellular proteins critical to saprophytic, mutualistic, and mycoparasitic lifestyles. Trichoderma are effective mycoparasites and produce diverse chitinolytic enzymes, glucanases, and proteases to actively degrade microbial cell walls. The diversity of extracellular proteins and the unique parasitic features of Trichoderma species have resulted in their development as biocontrol agents for numerous plant pathogens. The objective of this study was to characterize biological features important to the selection and commercialization of promising oomycete-parasitic T. asperellum isolates. Nine globally collected T. asperellum isolates previously evaluated for parasitism against Phytophthora ramorum were screened for morphological and sporulation differences with regard to temperature and pH and the conservation of the commonly screened mycoparasitism-associated chitinase gene, chi42. Sporulation and growth variability was evident between the diverse T. asperellum isolates, but a single copy of the chi42 gene was conserved in all isolates. Screening numerous biological features is important to the selection and development of promising microbial-based biocontrol agents; however, determining the presence or absence of individual parasitism-associated genes could lead to selective biases if relied on during the initial screening phase. The described analyses will provide a trialed approach to select a promising Trichoderma biocontrol agent. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
Patient blood management and patient safety
Authors: Zacharowski Kai , Zoller Heinz , Steinbicker Andrea U. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
The particular fields within patient blood management (PBM) and patient safety reviewed here include novel insights into bleeding therapy, autologous cell salvage, and perioperative anemia therapy.

Recent finding
World Health Organization has published that implementation of PBM is important but has not yet been performed in all hospitals. Two antibodies that mimic the function of FVIII, Emicizumab, and Mim8 have been developed. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been investigated further in patients with hip surgery and shows reduction of bleeding. Thrombocytopenia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is a particular concern that has been investigated in another trial. The use of autologous cell salvage was updated in form of a review and meta-analysis. And last but not least, intravenous iron in preoperative anemia therapy can reduce the number of transfusions, but especially iron carboxymaltose can cause hypophosphatemia.

Summary
PBM should be further implemented in more hospitals. Emicizumab and Mim8 are indicated in acquired hemophilia or hemophilia A with inhibitors. TXA was confirmed to reduce bleeding. Autologous cell salvage is state of the art to reduce transfusion requirements in major cardiac and noncardiac surgery. Serum phosphate concentrations should be monitored after administration of intravenous iron compounds.
Logistic Regression With Machine Learning Sheds Light on the Problematic Sexual Behavior Phenotype
Authors: Jiang Shui , Wallace Keanna , Yang Esther , Roper Leslie , Aryal Garima , Lee Dawon , Lodhi Rohit J. , Arnau Randolph , Isenberg Rick , Green Bradley , Wishart David , Aitchison Katherine J. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
There has been a longstanding debate about whether the mechanisms involved in problematic sexual behavior (PSB) are similar to those observed in addictive disorders, or related to impulse control or to compulsivity. The aim of this report was to contribute to this debate by investigating the association between PSB, addictive disorders (internet addiction, compulsive buying), measures associated with the construct known as reward deficiency (RDS), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Methods
A Canadian university Office of the Registrar invited 68,846 eligible students and postdoctoral fellows. Of 4710 expressing interest in participating, 3359 completed online questionnaires, and 1801 completed the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. PSB was measured by combining those screening positive (score at least 6) on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test—Revised Core with those self-reporting PSB. Current mental health condition(s) and childhood trauma were measured by self-report. OCD was assessed by a combination of self-report and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview data.

Results
Of 3341 participants, 407 (12.18%) screened positive on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test—Revised Core. On logistic regression, OCD, attention deficit, internet addiction, a family history of PSB, childhood trauma, compulsive buying, and male gender were associated with PSB. On multiple correspondence analysis, OCD appeared to cluster separately from the other measures, and the pattern of data differed by gender.

Conclusions
In our sample, factors that have previously been associated with RDS and OCD are both associated with increased odds of PSB. The factors associated with RDS appear to contribute to a separate data cluster from OCD and to lie closer to PSB.
The Extensor Indicis Proprius Transposition for the Ulnar Collateral Ligament Stabilization in Thumb Hypoplasia Grades II-IIIa
Authors: Ozols Dzintars , Laucis Rudolfs , Osins Reinis , Berezovska Marisa Maija , Kalnina Linda , Mikitins Aleksandrs , Petersons Aigars 
Published: October 2022

Congenital upper extremity deformities are rare, the reported incidence is from 0.15% to 0.2%. The thumb is very important for a hand’s functionality, as it provides up to 50% of its total performance. Proper pinch grip formation at the age of 12 to 16 months is part of normal development; however, no functional development can affect a child’s psychoemotional development. Well-described techniques such as third or fourth superficial flexor transposition can be found in the literature. There is a paucity of studies on using the extensor indicis proprius (EIP) transposition for stabilization of the ulnar collateral ligament for the first metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ). Techniques for the usage of EIP tendon for the reconstruction of absent extensor pollicis longus tendon are more commonly practiced as they create abduction and extension for the thumb hypoplasia grade II-IIIa. We performed EIP transposition with subperiosteally fixation for the ulnar collateral ligament stabilization for thumb hypoplasia patients with a mean age of 38 months (11 to 128) and grade II (n=9), grade IIIa (n=4), and grade IIIb (n=1). Long-term follow-up (2 to 10 y) for the esthetical and functional study was performed. Patients and parents are satisfied with functional and esthetic outcomes. We believe that the EIP tendon transposition can be an alternative method for thumb hypoplasia patients grade II-IIIa reconstruction.
Impact of a Dedicated Pleural Clinic on Indwelling Pleural Catheter Related Outcomes
Authors: Malcolm Katherine B. , Seeley Eric J. , Gesthalter Yaron B. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Recurrent pleural effusions are a major cause of morbidity and frequently lead to hospitalization. Indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) are tunneled catheters that allow ambulatory intermittent drainage of pleural fluid without repeated thoracentesis. Despite the efficacy and safety of IPCs, data supporting postplacement follow-up is limited and variable. Our study aims to characterize the impact of a dedicated pleural clinic (PC) on patient outcomes as they relate to IPCs.

Methods:
Patients who underwent IPC placement between 2015 and 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Differences in outcomes were analyzed between patients with an IPC placed and managed by Interventional Pulmonology (IP) through the PC and those placed by non-IP services (non-PC providers) before and after the PC implementation.

Results:
In total, 371 patients received IPCs. Since the implementation of the PC, there was an increase in ambulatory IPC placement (31/133 pre-PC vs. 96/238 post-PC; P=0.001). There were fewer admissions before IPC placement (18/103 vs. 43/133; P=0.01), and fewer thoracenteses per patient (2.7±2.5 in PC cohort vs. 4±5.1 in non-PC cohort; P<0.01). The frequency of pleurodesis was higher in the PC cohort (40/103 vs. 41/268; P<0.001). A Fine and Gray competing risks model indicated higher likelihood of pleurodesis in the PC cohort (adjusted subhazard ratio 3.8, 95% CI: 2.5-5.87).

Conclusion:
Our experience suggests that the implementation of a dedicated PC can lead to improved patient outcomes including fewer procedures and admissions before IPC placement, and increased rates of pleurodesis with IPC removal.
COVID-19-associated AKI
Authors: Matsumoto Kenki , Prowle John R. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
While it is now widely established acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and important complication of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) disease, there is marked variability in its reported incidence and outcomes. This narrative review provides a mid-2022 summary of the latest epidemiological evidence on AKI in COVID-19.

Recent findings
Large observational studies and meta-analyses report an AKI incidence of 28–34% in all inpatients and 46–77% in intensive care unit (ICU). The incidence of more severe AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) in ICU appears to have declined over time, in data from England and Wales RRT use declined from 26% at the start of the pandemic to 14% in 2022. The majority of survivors apparently recover their kidney function by hospital discharge; however, these individuals appear to remain at increased risk of future AKI, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and chronic kidney disease. Importantly even in the absence of overt AKI a significant proportion of survivors of COVID-19 hospitalisation had reduced eGFR on follow-up.

Summary
This review summarises the epidemiology, risk factors, outcomes and treatment of COVID-19-associated AKI across the global pandemic. In particular the long-term impact of COVID-19 disease on kidney health is uncertain and requires further characterisation.
Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome
Authors: De Waele Jan J. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose of review
Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) has been acknowledged as an important contributor to organ dysfunction in critically ill patients, both in surgical and medical conditions. As our understanding of the pathophysiology evolves, risk factors are better recognized, preventive measures can now be implemented and therapeutic interventions tailored to the physiology of the patient. In the current review, we want to highlight developing insights in the epidemiology and treatment of patients with IAH and ACS.

Recent findings
The impact of IAH and ACS on kidney function and other outcomes continues to draw attention in recent studies. New methods for IAP measurement are under development, and the search for biomarkers to detect IAH or ACS continues. In conditions wherein IAH and ACS are common, recent studies allow better prevention and treatment of these conditions, based on the contemporary ICU management consisting of IAP measurement, judicious fluid resuscitation and decompressive laparotomy where necessary. Surgical treatment options including open abdomen therapy continue to be improved with demonstrable impact on outcomes.

Summary
In this manuscript, we provide an overview of recent insights and developments in the epidemiology, monitoring and treatment of patients with IAH and/or ACS.
Outcomes of Critically Ill Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Cytokine Release Syndrome Due to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy: US, Multicenter PICU, Cohort Database Study
Authors: Logan Grace E. , Miller Kristen , Kohler M. Eric , Loi Michele , Maddux Aline B. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES:Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is a potentially lethal toxicity associated with chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Outcomes after critical illness due to severe CRS are poorly described. Our aim was to characterize critical illness outcomes across a multicenter cohort of PICU patients with ALL and CRS.DESIGN:Multicenter retrospective cohort study.SETTING:Twenty-one PICUs contributing data to Virtual Pediatric Systems, LLC (January 2020–December 2021).PATIENTS:PICU patients with ALL or unclassified leukemia and CRS.INTERVENTIONS:None.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:We identified 55 patients; 34 (62%) were 12 years or older, 48 (87%) were admitted from a hospital inpatient ward, and 23 (42%) received advanced organ failure support or monitoring. Fifty-one survived to PICU discharge (93%) including 19 of 23 (83%) who received advanced organ failure support or monitoring defined as receipt of noninvasive or invasive ventilation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, continuous renal replacement therapy, or placement of a tracheostomy, arterial catheter, hemodialysis catheter, or intracranial catheter. Twelve patients (22%) received invasive ventilation, nine of whom survived to PICU discharge. Two of four patients who received continuous renal replacement therapy and one of three patients who required cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived to PICU discharge. Lengths of PICU stay were median 3.0 days (interquartile range, 1.4–7.8 d) among PICU survivors, 7.8 (5.4–11.1) among those receiving advanced organ failure support or monitoring, and 7.2 days (interquartile range, 2.9–14.7 d) among nonsurvivors. Of the 51 patients who survived to PICU discharge, 48 (94%) survived the hospitalization.CONCLUSIONS:PICU patients with CRS frequently received a high level of support, and the majority survived their PICU stay and hospitalization. Additional multicenter investigations of severe CRS are necessary to inform evidence-based practice.
The Association Between State-Issued Mask Mandates and County COVID-19 Hospitalization Rates
Authors: Dunphy Christopher , Joo Heesoo , Sapiano Mathew R. P. , Howard-Williams Mara , McCord Russell , Sunshine Gregory , Kao Szu-Yu , Guy Gery P. , Weber Regen , Gakh Maxim , Ekwueme Donatus U. 
Published: October 2022

Context:
Mask mandates are one form of nonpharmaceutical intervention that has been utilized to combat the spread of SARS-CoV2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Objective:
This study examines the association between state-issued mask mandates and changes in county-level and hospital referral region (HRR)–level COVID-19 hospitalizations across the United States.

Design:
Difference-in-difference and event study models were estimated to examine the association between state-issued mask mandates and COVID-19 hospitalization outcomes.

Participants:
All analyses were conducted with US county-level data.

Interventions:
State-issued mask mandates. County-level data on the mandates were collected from executive orders identified on state government Web sites from April 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020.

Main Outcome Measures:
Daily county-level (and HRR-level) estimates of inpatient beds occupied by patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 were collected by the US Department of Health and Human Services.

Results:
The state issuing of mask mandates was associated with an average of 3.6 fewer daily COVID-19 hospitalizations per 100 000 people (P < .05) and a 1.2-percentage-point decrease in the percentage of county beds occupied with COVID-19 patients (P < .05) within 70 days of taking effect. Event study results suggest that this association increased the longer mask mandates were in effect. In addition, the results were robust to analyses conducted at the HRR level.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that state-issued mask mandates were associated with reduction in COVID-19 hospitalizations across the United States during the earlier portion of the pandemic. As new variants of the virus cause spikes in COVID-19 cases, reimposing mask mandates in indoor and congested public areas, as part of a layered approach to community mitigation, may reduce the spread of COVID-19 and lessen the burden on our health care system.
Augmented Reality With Cinematic Rendered 3-Dimensional Images From Volumetric Computed Tomography Data
Authors: Rowe Steven P. , Schneider Robert , Krueger Sebastian , Pryde Valerie , Chu Linda C. , Fishman Elliot K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Recent advances in 3-dimensional visualization of volumetric computed tomography data have led to the novel technique of cinematic rendering (CR), which provides photorealistic images with enhanced surface detail and realistic shadowing effects that are generally not possible with older methods such as volume rendering. The emergence of CR coincides with the increasingly widespread availability of virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) interfaces including wearable headsets. The intersection of these technologies suggests many potential advances, including the ability of interpreting radiologists to look at photorealistic images of patient pathology in real time with surgeons and other referring providers, so long as VR/AR headsets are deployed and readily available. In this article, we will present our initial experience with viewing and manipulating CR images in the context of a VR/AR headset. We include a description of key aspects of the software and user interface, and provide relevant pictorial examples that may help potential adopters understand the initial steps of using this exciting convergence of technologies. Ultimately, trials evaluating the added value of the combination of CR with VR/AR will be necessary to understand the potential impact of these methods on medical practice.