bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Views, emotional Reaction, and Bereavement Healing Rituals of Saudi Male Nursing Students: A Qualitative Approach
Authors: Alsolais Abdulellah 
Published: September 2022

Aim The study described the perception and attitude of Saudi male nursing students towards death and dying. Methods This qualitative study recruited Twelve male Saudi nursing students from Nursing Department at University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Data collection was conducted using unstructured one-on-one online interviews from January to February 2021 using thematic approach to analyse the data. Results The result of the study presented three themes. The first theme describes the Muslim Saudi male nursing student’s religious beliefs and practices in terms of three concepts. The second theme is the emotional reaction of the participants. The third theme is bereavement healing rituals. Conclusion The knowledge on how nursing students with an Islamic belief view the concept of death and dying provides valuable and critical information on developing educational intervention as well as course and training contents that needs to be included in developing the competencies of these students.
Defending Territory, Challenging Neoliberalism in Postwar Guatemala: Peaceful Resistance La Puya
Authors: Illmer Patrick 
Published: September 2022

Beyond the more spontaneous and reactive urban mass protests against corruption, the most sustained and explicit challenge to neoliberal policies in postwar Guatemala has been advanced by rural communities. As the case of Peaceful Resistance La Puya and its opposition to a mining project indicates, this form of agency has gone beyond indigenous territories to localized resistances in areas of mixed or primarily ladino population. A key factor in explaining the persistence of this process of defense of territory is the emphasis its members put on preserving the strong horizontal features of their locally rooted mobilizing structure. This has reinforced their antagonistic position toward the promoters of the mining project while encouraging the appropriation of the struggle among community members. Más allá de las masivas protestas urbanas de índole más espontáneo y reactivo contra la corrupción, el desafío más sostenido y explícito a las políticas neoliberales en la Guatemala de la posguerra ha sido aquel promovido por las comunidades rurales. Como indica el caso de Resistencia Pacífica La Puya y su oposición a un proyecto minero, esta forma de agencia ha trascendido los territorios indígenas para dar lugar a resistencias localizadas en áreas de población mixta o principalmente ladina. Un factor clave para explicar la persistencia de esta defensa del territorio es el énfasis que sus miembros ponen en preservar las fuertes características horizontales de su estructura de movilización, arraigada localmente. Esto ha reforzado su posición antagónica hacia los promotores del proyecto minero al tiempo que fomenta la apropiación de la lucha por miembros de la comunidad.
Parents of children who are deafblind face challenges in fostering collaboration within individualized education program teams
Authors: McKittrick Lanya Lynn 
Published: September 2022

Although active parent involvement is mandated as part of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), parents continue to report dissatisfaction with Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings. Despite increases in parent participation policy since the adoption of IDEA, the parent–professional partnership originally envisioned by lawmakers is arguably not consistent with practice. This is evident for all families with children who represent the 13 disability categories covered under the auspice of IDEA; however, because deafblindness is a low-incidence disability with a heterogeneous population, this study focuses on families with children who are deafblind. Parents of children who are deafblind have unique challenges before, during, and after IEP meetings. Professional knowledge about deafblindness is often lacking, thereby requiring families to gain and share knowledge on their own. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to gain an understanding of what leads parents to develop advocacy strategies, and how parents view collaboration. Fourteen mothers of children who are deafblind were interviewed about the unique and essential perspectives that they have concerning IEP team meetings and collaboration. The following questions were posed: RQ: What experiences lead parents of children who are deafblind to develop and use collaborative skills with their child’s IEP team? The challenges parents experience falls into two distinct themes: (a) challenges associated with the deafblind population in schools and (b) challenges with the IEP process. Parent views on collaboration are also discussed. Educators who read this study will better understand the unique experiences of parents of children who are deafblind in IEP meetings.
Dynamics of Social Media Popularity of “Do It Yourself” Orthodontic Aligners: A YouTube Case Study
Authors: Barhate Uday Hemant , Sharan Jitendra , Jena Ashok Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Objective To have an understanding of the fact how the popularity of “do it yourself” (DIY) videos available on YouTube correlate with authorship, content, quality, reliability, and how they appeal to and influence the customers. Materials and Methods A new YouTube account was created, this was followed by a determination of the most commonly used keywords regarding DIY aligners by using “Google Trends.” The keywords were used to search the YouTube website. A total of 112 videos were assessed for various parameters, such as completeness of the content, reliability using a modified version of the DISCERN tool, and quality using a Global Quality Score (GQS). Out of 112 videos, 26 were rejected based on their relevance, duplication, videos without audio, and video language. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to study the relationship between the variables, authorship, popularity, and recommendations. Results The majority of the videos were uploaded by the laypeople (43%), followed by DIY aligner companies (38%), and dentists and orthodontists (16%). The content for most of the videos was poor (82%), with DISCERN reliability score of zero (65%), and GQS of 1 and 2 (poor to generally poor quality). The view of uploaded videos, view rate, and likes was in proportion to the quality of the videos, their popularity, and reliability. Further authors with a financial interest and poor quality, content, and less reliability of the videos usually recommended the DIY aligners. The reduced cost was one of the important factors for the customers to consider DIY aligner treatment. Conclusion YouTube videos on DIY aligners should not be considered a reliable source for the public in general who are looking for orthodontic treatment for correction of their dentofacial irregularities. The dental professional bodies and orthodontists should use social media platforms (YouTube) to increase awareness about the DIY aligners among the public.
Maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with increased mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Mexico: Results of a case–control study
Authors: José Antonio Mata-Marín , Mónica Grisel Rivera-Mahey , Alberto Chaparro-Sánchez , Carla Ileana Arroyo-Anduiza , Luis Antonio Uribe-Noguez , María de los Angeles Berrospe-Silva , Norma Angélica Matías-Juan , Mara Soraya Rodríguez-Evaristo , Víctor Rodríguez-Pérez , Jesús Enrique Gaytán-Martínez 
Published: September 2022

Background Maternal, obstetric and neonatal factors that increase the possibility of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) are known as mechanisms of transmission. Our aim was to determine the risk factors associated with MTCT in Mexico. Methods We conducted a case–control study from March to December 2015. Cases were 60 mothers with HIV infection who transmitted HIV to their children, and controls were 120 mothers with HIV infection whose children tested negative for HIV. Data were extracted from medical records and a self-reported questionnaire for each participant. To determine associations with MTCT, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained with the chi-squared test and a logistic-regression modeling. Results A total of 180 patients were included. HIV diagnosis for cases occurred after pregnancy in 88% of the patients, during pregnancy in 9%, and before pregnancy in 3% of patients. Among the controls, 38% of patients were diagnosed before pregnancy, 32% during pregnancy, and 30% after pregnancy. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors associated with MTCT were: absence of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy (OR 5.21; 95% CI 1.24–16.11; p = 0.019); vaginal delivery (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.27–8.26; p = 0.014); forceps-assisted delivery (OR 13.4; 95% CI 1.91–93.66; p = 0.009); breastfeeding (OR 6.23; 95% CI 2.27–17.05; p = <0.001) and the practice of mixed breastfeeding (OR 4.6; 95% CI 1.56–13.73; p = 0.006). Conclusions MTCT is preventable with early diagnosis; treatment initiation before pregnancy and avoidance breastfeeding could decrease the risk of transmitting HIV to their children.
Association of Statin Adherence With the Development of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a Japanese Claims Database
Authors: Nakagawa Chihiro , Yokoyama Satoshi , Hosomi Kouichi 
Published: September 2022

Background: Statins are expected to have beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); however, evidence remains insufficient. Objective: In this study, we aim to investigate the association between statin adherence and NAFLD development. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study of statin users using the Japan Medical Data Center administrative claims database (January 2005 to January 2020). Individuals who developed NAFLD were designated as cases. For each case, we randomly selected a maximum of 10 controls using risk set sampling. Good adherence was defined as the proportion of days covered (PDC) of ≥0.80. Higher intensity was defined as the median or higher of a cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) per day covered by statin prescription. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In this study, 253 383 patients with the first statin prescription were identified. Of them, 7080 were selected and matched to 70 734 controls. The medians of PDC and intensity were 0.88 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.61-0.96) and 0.32 (IQR, 0.25-0.50) cDDD/day, respectively. Good adherence was significantly associated with a reduced risk of NAFLD development (adjusted OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78-0.86). Higher intensity was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of NAFLD development (adjusted OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.97-1.08). Conclusion and Relevance: Good adherence to statins is associated with a reduced risk of NAFLD development, regardless of the statin intensity. Appropriate statin therapy could reduce the risk of NAFLD development.
Effectiveness and tolerability of the fluocinolone acetonide implant in patients with diabetic macular edema in the UAE: 24 and 36-month outcomes
Authors: Elbarky Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Introduction The effectiveness and safety of the fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant was evaluated at Month 24 and, in some sustained for up to 36 months, in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and a pseudophakic lens treated in the UAE following prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor and dexamethasone (DEX) implant. Methods This was a retrospective, observational audit study conducted between September 2017–September 2020 in which 22 patients were treated with the FAc implant and outcomes monitored for up to 36 months. Effectiveness outcomes were: best-corrected visual acuity (BVCA) and central macular thickness (CMT). Safety was assessed by monitoring intraocular pressure (IOP). All outcomes were measured at Months 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36. Results Significant improvements in mean BCVA were observed versus baseline from Month 1, which were maintained up to Month 24 (P < 0.0001 versus baseline). In all five patients completing 36 months follow-up, the improvements in BVCA were maintained through to Month 36 P < 0.005 versus baseline. Similarly, mean CMT improved versus baseline at Month 1 through to Month 24 (P < 0.0001 versus baseline), with significant improvements also noted in the 5 patients completing 36 months follow-up (P < 0.005 versus baseline). An IOP rise to 32 mmHg was observed in one eye, but returned to normal values at next measure. Five eyes required IOP lowering drops and one required IOP-lowering surgical intervention. Conclusion The FAc intravitreal implant is effective for 24 months, and sustained for 36 months, in a UAE population previously treated with a DEX implant, with tolerability profile in-line with previous reports.
Disturbed sleep and patterns of psychiatric symptoms and function in a school-based sample of adolescents
Authors: Åslund Lie , Andreasson Anna , Lekander Mats , Henje Eva , Dennhag Inga 
Published: September 2022

Background Sleep problems are common in adolescence and often related to psychopathology and impaired functioning. However, most studies have used summative scores, and little is known about how adolescents with disrupted sleep perceive their specific symptoms and dysfunctions. This study explored differences in levels of psychiatric symptoms and functional ability between Swedish adolescents with and without self-reported disturbed sleep in a school-based sample. Methods Swedish adolescents ( n = 618, mean age 15.7+/-1.9yrs) answered the PROMIS pediatric measures for fatigue, anxiety, depression, pain interference, anger, physical activity and peer and family relationships. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess differences between respondents with and without disturbed sleep. Results Disturbed sleep was associated with higher levels of symptoms of fatigue, anxiety, depression, anger and pain interference, as well as lower functional abilities in terms of physical activity and peer- and family relationships. Adolescents reporting disturbed sleep generally displayed a pattern of impaired executive functioning, internal emotional distress and school- and sleep related worry and dysfunction, as compared to physical disability, aggressive behavior, stress and generalized worry. Conclusions The present study adds to the understanding of how disturbed sleep and specific psychiatric symptoms and functional ability are interrelated, which may also have clinical implications.
An Analysis of Sex-Based Outcomes Following Transcarotid Artery Revascularization
Authors: Husman Regina , Tanaka Akiko , George Mitchell , Cambiaghi Tommaso , Leonard Samuel D. , Motaganahalli Raghu L. , Fajardo Andres , Wang S. Keisin 
Published: September 2022

Objective Several studies suggest that females have higher perioperative adverse events and decreased benefit from carotid artery revascularization with transfemoral carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) compared to males. However, there are limited data of sex-based outcomes for transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). Methods A retrospective review of prospectively maintained system-wide TCAR databases was performed between December 2015-January 2022. Patients who underwent TCAR were stratified based on sex. Relevant demographics, medical conditions, anatomical characteristics, intra- and postoperative courses, and adverse events were captured. Results 729 patients underwent TCAR, 486 (66.6%) male and 243 (33.3%) female. Males were more likely to be diagnosed with coronary artery disease (56.9% vs 47.7%, P<.01) and were active smokers (30.4% vs 21.4%, P < .01). Age, symptomatic status, BMI, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, arrhythmia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of myocardial infarction, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction <30%, end-stage renal disease and Charlson Comorbidity Index were similar. In the perioperative period, there was no significant difference in reintervention rates (1.6% vs 1.2%, P = .75), cranial nerve palsy (.6% vs .4%, P > .99), ipsilateral stroke (1.9% vs 3.3%, P = .29), stent thrombosis (.4% vs .8%, P > .99), myocardial infarction (0% vs 0%, P > .99) and death (1.2% vs 1.2%, P > .99). In follow-up, no significant difference was found in reintervention, ipsilateral stroke, contralateral stroke, myocardial infarction, in-stent restenosis >50%, stent thrombosis, and death. Conclusions Males and females did not have a statistically significant difference in outcomes when comparing ipsilateral stroke, in-stent thrombosis, conversion to CEA, and death after TCAR. However, our cohort comprised predominantly male patients and may conceal statistical significance as the females in our cohort did have a higher tendency toward developing complications. Future studies with a larger female cohort should be conducted to determine whether there is a true disparity of outcomes between the males and females undergoing TCAR.
“I just want us to be heard”: A qualitative study of perinatal experiences among women of color
Authors: Barnett Kierra S , Banks Ashley R , Morton Tiffany , Sander Christine , Stapleton Maureen , Chisolm Deena J 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Long-standing racial disparities, particularly between White and Black women, in maternal and birth outcomes necessitate an examination of the factors influencing these disparities. This study aimed to understand the experiences of women of color as they relate to pregnancy and/or birth complications to inform policy and strategy to decrease racial and ethnic health disparities. Methods: Six focus groups were conducted with women ( n = 31) who were identified as a woman of color, were 18 years or older, self-identified as having experienced pregnancy or birth complications after 2016, and who spoke English. A focus group guide co-created with the research team, community partners, and peer researchers from the local community was utilized to elicit discussions related to barriers, successes, and existing opportunities to provide equitable care and services to families throughout the perinatal period. An inductive and iterative approach to qualitative analyses of the focus group transcripts was used to identify key themes. Results: The seven themes identified include: lack of knowledge, mental health, communication with providers, support systems, representation, social determinants of health, and discrimination and stigma. Women shared a variety of experiences related to their health care from before pregnancy into their post-partum period, revealing many areas for improvement to extant systems. Conclusion: The inclusion of voices of the populations most deeply affected by health disparities is crucial to understanding how care and services provided can be improved. This analysis suggests the need for change at multiple levels of the health care and social services systems. These experiences provide valuable insight into some of the many struggles and barriers that women of color face during pregnancy and beyond.
Movement-based patient-therapist attunement in psychological therapy and its association with early change
Authors: Schwartz Brian , Rubel Julian A. , Deisenhofer Anne-Katharina , Lutz Wolfgang 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveAttunement is a novel measure of nonverbal synchrony reflecting the duration of the present moment shared by two interaction partners. This study examined its association with early change in outpatient psychotherapy.MethodsAutomated video analysis based on motion energy analysis (MEA) and cross-correlation of the movement time-series of patient and therapist was conducted to calculate movement synchrony for N = 161 outpatients. Movement-based attunement was defined as the range of connected time lags with significant synchrony. Latent change classes in the HSCL-11 were identified with growth mixture modeling (GMM) and predicted by pre-treatment covariates and attunement using multilevel multinomial regression.ResultsGMM identified four latent classes: high impairment, no change (Class 1); high impairment, early response (Class 2); moderate impairment (Class 3); and low impairment (Class 4). Class 2 showed the strongest attunement, the largest early response, and the best outcome. Stronger attunement was associated with a higher likelihood of membership in Class 2 ( b = 0.313, p = .007), Class 3 ( b = 0.251, p = .033), and Class 4 ( b = 0.275, p = .043) compared to Class 1. For highly impaired patients, the probability of no early change (Class 1) decreased and the probability of early response (Class 2) increased as a function of attunement.ConclusionsAmong patients with high impairment, stronger patient-therapist attunement was associated with early response, which predicted a better treatment outcome. Video-based assessment of attunement might provide new information for therapists not available from self-report questionnaires and support therapists in their clinical decision-making.
Cross-sectional associations of optimism with artery calcification and function: The SCAPIS study
Authors: Natt och Dag Yvonne , Engström Gunnar , Rosvall Maria 
Published: September 2022

Background: An increasing amount of research indicates that positive psychological factors, such as optimism, might be beneficial for cardiovascular health. However, most studies have focused on cardiovascular events. The present study aimed to investigate associations between optimism and subclinical outcomes related to cardiovascular health. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from SCAPIS Malmö, Sweden, including 6251 randomly selected men and women from the Malmö municipality area, aged 50 to 64 years. Optimism was assessed via the LOT-R questionnaire, but also by using the two subscales of LOT-R, assessing optimism and pessimism separately. Arterial health was assessed as the coronary artery calcium score, ankle-brachial index, and aortic augmentation index. Cardiovascular risk was estimated using the SCORE instrument. Adjustments were made for sociodemographic factors, depression, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: Those who were most optimistic had lower odds of coronary artery calcification, with an odds ratio of 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.58, 0.93), compared to those who were least optimistic. Also, higher levels of optimism were associated with a general pattern of lower aortic augmentation index, and with higher ankle-brachial index on both left and right side. For coronary artery calcification associations seemed to be mediated primarily through an absence of pessimism. The associations were reduced after adjustments, but persisted for measures of arterial function. Conclusions: The results indicate that optimism might be health protective with regard to arterial function, but with regard to coronary artery calcification it was rather the absence of pessimism that was of importance.