bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selenomethionine mitigate PM2.5-induced senescence of alveolar epithelial cells via attenuating inflammatory response mediated by cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Xia Xuanyi , Lu Wenzun , Zhu Yuchen , Ge Chunmei , Guo Xiaoying , Zhang Ning , Chen Hua , Xu Shengmin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a widely known atmospheric pollutant which could induce the aging-related pulmonary diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In recent years, with the increasing atmospheric pollution, airborne fine PM2.5, which is an integral part of air pollutants, has become a thorny problem. Hence, this study focused on the effect of PM2.5 on the senescence of pulmonary epithelial (A549) cells, identifying which inflammatory pathway mediated PM2.5-induced cellular senescence and how to play a protective role against this issue. Our data suggested that PM2.5 induced time- and concentration-dependent increasement in the senescence of pulmonary epithelial cells. Using a inhibitor of cGAS (PF-06928215) and a inhibitor of NF-κB (BAY 11-7082), it was revealed that PM2.5-induced senescence was regulated by inflammatory response, which was closely related to the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway activated by DNA damage. Moreover, our study also showed that when A549 cells were exposed to 100 µg/mL PM2.5 for 48 h, the pretreatment with 20 µM selenomethionine (Se-Met) for 12 h could inhibit inflammatory response and prevent cellular senescence by hindering cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway. These findings indicated that selenium made a defense capability for PM2.5-induced senescence of alveolar epithelial cells, which provided a novel insight for resisting the harm of PM2.5 to human health.
Network Pharmacology-based Analysis on Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy by Salidroside
Authors: Li Na , Shi Lan-Lan , Chen Jin-Lin , Guo Xi-Liang , Wang Ting-Hua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To study the mechanism of salidroside in the treatment of diabetic retina injury. Methods: The animal model of diabetic retinal injury was established, salidroside treatment group was treated with salidroside, and then OCT detection, water maze detection, heat map difference analysis, molecular docking, PPI protein interaction, GO and KEGG analysis were used to study the protective mechanism of salidroside against diabetic retinal injury. Results: OCT and water maze results showed that the learning and cognitive functions of rats in the DM group and sham group were significant on day 1 and 5 after salidroside treatment. Venny intersection map was made for the data screened by proteomic analysis, and heat map was made for the three intersection genes. It was found that Nsmce1, Inpp5f and Vcan genes were all up-regulated in the diabetes group. By establishing molecular docking between the intersection gene and salidroside, Vcan did not docking with salidroside ligand, and BOTH Nsmce1 and Inpp5f could establish stable molecular binding mode with salidroside. Through keyword search in PubMed, the associated gene combination and intersection genes were finally obtained, and PPI protein interaction was analyzed. The genes with mutual relationship were analyzed by GO enrichment. It was found that response to molecule of Bacterial Origin is the most important BP. The most important CC process is raft and cytokine receptor binding. KEGG analysis found that the most important signaling pathways were Lipid and atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Salidroside has certain therapeutic effect on diabetic retina injury.
A Radio Continuum Study of NGC 2082
Authors: Balzan Joel Charles Francesco , Filipovic Miroslav , Dai Shi , Alsaberi Rami , Barnes Luke 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present radio continuum observations of NGC 2082 using ASKAP, ATCA and Parkes telescopes frequencies from 888 MHz to 9000 MHz. Some 20 arc-sec from the centre of this nearby spiral galaxy, we discovered a bright and compact radio source, J054149.24–641813.7, of unknown origin. To constrain the nature of J054149.24–641813.7, we searched for transient events with the Ultra-Wideband-Low (UWL) Parkes receiver (704 MHz–4032 MHz coverage), and compare its luminosity and spectral index to various nearby supernova remnants (SNRs), and fast radio burst (FRB) local environments. Its radio spectral index is flat (α = 0.02 ± 0.09) which is unlikely to be either an SNR or pulsar. Also, we did not find a counterpart of this source at any other frequencies including HST, Spitzer and XMM-Newton X-rays. No transient events were detected with the Parkes telescope over three days of observations, and our calculations show J054149.24–641813.7 is two orders of magnitude less luminous than FRB 121102 & 190520Bs associated persistent radio sources — likely not bright enough to be a persistent radio source associated with an FRB. We conclude that the most likely origin for J054149.24–641813.7 is a background quasar or radio galaxy. Finally, we detect extended radio continuum emission that can be associated with the overall features of NGC 2082 itself. The spectral index of α = −0.15 ± 0.23 is somewhat unexpected for spiral galaxies, but consistent with thermal emission dominating across the galaxy. We explain that this rather flat radio spectral index is a consequence of NGC 2082’s radio quiet nucleus.
Safety and efficacy of trifluridine/tipiracil in treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer having ascites
Authors: Matsumoto Toshihiko , Yamamura Shogo , Ikoma Tatsuki , Kurioka Yusuke , Doi Keitaro , Kawai Takeshi , Nagai Hiroki , Tsuduki Takao , Shimada Takanobu , Matsumoto Yusuke , Tsumura Takehiko , Takatani Masahiro , Yasui Hisateru , Satake Hironaga 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) is an oral chemotherapy comprising a thymidine-based nucleoside analog and a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor. The FTD/TPI versus placebo in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer trial showed that FTD/TPI is effective with manageable toxicity in these patients. However, data on the effect of FTD/TPI on patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) having ascites are limited.Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinicopathologic data of patients with AGC who had received FTD/TPI monotherapy in our institutions from September 2019 to July 2021.Results: A total of 44 patients were included in this study. The median age was 71 (range, 37‒85) years, 22 patients were men, the numbers of patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status scores 0, 1, and 2 were 8, 32, and 4, respectively, and 25 patients had diffuse-type histology. A total of 25 patients had ascites, among whom 13 had massive ascites. The response rate and disease control rate (DCR) were 2% and 41%, respectively. The median progression-free survival was 2.4 months and median overall survival (OS) was 5.8 months. Patients with ascites exhibited significantly shorter OS (8.6 vs. 4.7 months, P=0.0406) than those without ascites, and DCR (68% vs. 20%, P=0.0012) was significantly worse in patients with ascites. There was no significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of adverse events of grade 3 or higher between patients with and without ascites.Conclusion: FTD/TPI has a moderate, although inadequate, effect on patients with AGC having ascites.
Low-to-moderate arsenic exposure and urothelial tract cancers: A sixty-year latency analysis
Authors: Liao Pei-Ju , Lee Chih-Hung , Wang Shu-Li , Chiou Hung-Yi , Chen Chien-Jen , Hsu Kuang-Hung 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundArsenic exposure can cause adverse health effects. The effects of long-term low-to-moderate arsenic concentrations and methylations remain unclear.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the association between low-to-moderate arsenic exposure and urothelial tract cancers while considering the effects of methylation capacity.MethodsIn this study, 5,811 participants were recruited from an arseniasis area in Taiwan for inorganic arsenic metabolite analysis. This follow-up study was conducted between August 1995 and December 2017, with an average 60-year latency period after exposure inception. We identified 85 urothelial tract cancers in these participants, including 49 bladder and 36 upper urothelial tract cancer cases. A Cox proportional hazards model was employed.ResultsThe analyses revealed a significant association between concentrations of inorganic arsenic in water > 100 ppb and bladder cancer occurrence, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.88 (95% CI, 1.35–17.61). A statistically significant monotonic trend was observed between concentrations of inorganic arsenic in water (from 0 to >100 ppb) and the incidence of urothelial tract cancer, including bladder cancer (P < 0.05) and upper urothelial tract cancers (P < 0.05). Participants with a lower primary methylation index had a dose–response relationship with concentrations of inorganic arsenic (in water) of 0–10.00, 10.01–50.00, 50.01–100.00, and >100.00 ppb and developing urothelial tract cancers, with HRs of 1.00, 2.17, 3.11, and 4.60, respectively. Participants with a higher secondary methylation index had a dose–response relationship with concentrations of inorganic arsenic of 0–10.00, 10.01–50.00, 50.01–100.00, and >100.00 ppb and developing urothelial tract cancers, with HRs of 1.00, 1.20, 2.03, and 3.73, respectively.ConclusionsA dose–response relationship was observed between low-to-moderate inorganic arsenic exposure and urothelial tract cancers among susceptible individuals with primary hypomethylation responses. Rigorous regulations and active interventions should be considered for populations with high-risk characteristics.
Understanding the risk factors for adverse events during exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia using explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Zhu Shuzhen , Zhou Lianjuan , Feng Yuqing , Zhu Jihua , Shu Qiang , Li Haomin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveTo understand the risk factors associated with adverse events during exchange transfusion (ET) in severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Study DesignWe conducted a retrospective study of infants with hyperbilirubinemia who underwent ET within 30 days of birth from 2015 to 2020 in a children’s hospital. Both traditional statistical analysis and state-of-the-art explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) were used to identify the risk factors.ResultsA total of 188 ET cases were included; 7 major adverse events, including hyperglycemia (86.2%), top-up transfusion after ET (50.5%), hypocalcemia (42.6%), hyponatremia (42.6%), thrombocytopenia (38.3%), metabolic acidosis (25.5%), and hypokalemia (25.5%), and their risk factors were identified. Some novel and interesting findings were identified by XAI.ConclusionsXAI not only achieved better performance in predicting adverse events during ET but also helped clinicians to more deeply understand nonlinear relationships and generate actionable knowledge for practice.
N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer encapsulates AlN powders for anti-hydrolysis
Authors: Xie Jianjun , Wang Shun , Wang Yu , Wang Tun , Li Junhong , Yu Guangcheng , Zhang Lei , Lei Fang , Shi Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hydrolysis resistance of aluminum nitride (AlN) particles can be achieved by chemically grafting AlN powders to titanate coupling agents (KR-238S) and poly (N-vinyl pyrrolidone-co-itaconic acid) (NVP-IA). The modified AlN (M-AlN) powders were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, zeta potential and thermal gravimetric analysis. The TEM results showed that a wrapping layer approximately 20 nm thick was formed on the surface of the AlN powders, forming a core-shell structure to isolate contact with water molecules. During the anti-hydrolysis test, Al(OH)3 was formed within 12 h of the original AlN powders being hydrolyzed, whereas the modified AlN particles maintained their morphology and crystal structure for 276 h. The zeta analysis demonstrates that M-AlN has stronger absolute zeta values. The results obtained from the thermal gravimetric analysis also revealed that NVP-IA vaporizes completely at high temperatures with no effect on the sintered AlN ceramics.
Early-onset diabetes involving three consecutive generations had different clinical features from age-matched type 2 diabetes without a family history
Authors: dawei wang , dawei wang , Yuan Jing , Qiu Hai-Yan , Lu Jing , Yang Jin-Kui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
Early-onset, multigenerational diabetes is a heterogeneous disease, which is often simplistically classified as type 1 diabetes (T1D) or type 2 diabetes(T2D). However, its clinical and genetic characteristics have not been clearly elucidated. The aim of our study is to investigate the clinical features of early-onset diabetes involving three consecutive generations (eDia3) in a Chinese diabetes cohort.
Methods
Of 6,470 type 2 diabetic patients, 105 were identified as eDia3 (1.6%). After a case-control match on age, we compared the clinical characteristics of 89 eDia3 patients with 89 patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes without a family history of diabetes (eDia0). WES was carried out in 89 patients with eDia3. We primarily focused on 14 known maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes. Variants were predicted by ten tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2_HDIV, PolyPhen2_HVAR, LRT, Mutation Assessor, Mutation Taster, FATHMM, GERP++, PhyloP and PhastCons). All suspected variants were then validated by Sanger sequencing and further investigated in the proband families.
Results
Compared to age-matched eDia0, eDia3 patients had a younger age at diagnosis (26.5 ± 5.8 vs. 29.4 ± 5.3 years, P = 0.001), lower body mass index (25.5 ± 3.9 vs. 27.4 ± 4.6 kg/m2, P = 0.003), lower systolic blood pressure (120 ± 15 vs. 128 ± 18 mmHg, P = 0.003), and better metabolic profiles (including glucose and lipids). Of the 89 eDia3 patients, 10 (11.2%) carried likely pathogenic variants in genes (KLF11, GCK, ABCC8, PAX4, BLK and HNF1A) of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY).
Conclusions
eDia3 patients have unique clinical features. Known MODY genes were not common causes in these patients.
Human Elp3/Kat9 is a mitochondrial tRNA modifying enzyme
Authors: Boutoual Rachid , Jo Hyunsun , Heckenbach Indra , Tiwari Ritesh , Kasler Herbert , Lerner Chad A. , Shah Samah , Schilling Birgit , Calvanese Vincenzo , Rardin Matthew J. , Scheibye-Knudsen Morten , Verdin Eric 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Post-translational modifications, such as lysine acetylation, regulate the activity of diverse proteins across many cellular compartments. Protein deacetylation in mitochondria is catalyzed by the enzymatic activity of the NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), however it remains unclear whether corresponding mitochondrial acetyltransferases exist. We used a bioinformatics approach to search for mitochondrial proteins with an acetyltransferase catalytic domain, and identified a novel splice variant of ELP3 (mt-ELP3) of the elongator complex, which localizes to the mitochondrial matrix in mammalian cells. Unexpectedly, mt-ELP3 does not mediate mitochondrial protein acetylation but instead induces a post-transcriptional modification of mitochondrial-transfer RNAs (mt-tRNAs). Overexpression of mt-ELP3 leads to the protection of mt-tRNAs against the tRNA-specific RNase angiogenin, increases mitochondrial translation, and furthermore increases expression of OXPHOS complexes. This study thus identifies mt-ELP3 as a non-canonical mt-tRNA modifying enzyme.
The endophyte Stenotrophomonas maltophilia EPS modulates endogenous antioxidant defense in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under cadmium stress
Authors: Hagaggi Noura Sh. A. , Abdul-Raouf Usama M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in agricultural soils induces oxidative stress in plants that in turn is the foremost limiting factor for agricultural productivity. In past few decades, metal binding ability of microbes is of great interest as an emerging environmentally friendly technology that can be exploited to alleviate metal stress in plants. Considering these, in the present study an endophytic bacterium strain EPS has been isolated from the roots of common bean. The 16S rRNA sequence revealed its identity closely similar to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The strain showed tolerance to Cd stress up to 200 mg L− 1 Cd2+. The inoculation of strain EPS in safflower seeds significantly enhanced the antioxidant defense of plants under Cd-stress conditions throught increasing the levels of antioxidant molecules like phenolics, flavonoids and carotenoids as well as improving the activities of the antioxidative enzymes including guaiacol peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The output of this study is that strain EPS inoculation mitigates Cd-induced oxidative damage and consequently strain EPS may be beneficial, especially in Cd-contaminated crop fields.
Network analysis of International Export Pattern
Authors: Demiral Dilek Gönçer , Yenilmez Meltem Ince 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There is a relationship between the trade flows of the countries and their economic growth potential and development. One way to analyze the trade flows of countries with each other is the use of network analysis techniques. Network analysis uses a visual, mathematical and statistical approach to identify and quantify the structural properties of networks. In this study, the relationship of the first 50 countries in the world in terms of export volume was evaluated with Gephi 0.9.2, one of the social network analysis programs. The effect of the Covid-19 epidemic disease on the commercial flows of the countries is the main purpose of the study. The existence of the effective role of geographical proximity in commercial flows, the commercial partners of the countries, the centrality criteria and the existence of countries that have an active role in the world are clarified with this study.
Restricting Passive Attacks in 6G Vehicular Networks: A Physical Layer Security Perspective
Authors: Kavaiya Sagar , Patel Dhaval K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The utilization of current wireless technologies in intelligent transportation systems confirms the massive connectivity with sufficient data rate. With the increasing amenities, the possibilities of passive attacks are also increased which may compromise the user's transmission. To handle such scenarios, physical layer security can be employed to secure the transmission. This paper provides insights into the performance of outage probability (OP), and secrecy outage probability (SOP) for 6G enabled vehicular networks under the influence of passive eavesdroppers. As a component of 6G infrastructure, the work considers the vehicular to infrastructure scenario with re-configurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) instead of power-hungry roadside units. Each vehicle and passive eavesdropper are equipped with dual antennas. In that particular direction, at first, this work derives the analytical expressions of received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under impact of mobility for 6G vehicular networks. By utilising the expressions of SNR, we derive the closed-form expressions of first order secrecy metrics for example, outage probability and secrecy outage probability. The expressions of SNR have been derived for two initial locations (near and far from the legitimate transmitter) of legitimate receiver. The derived expressions are helpful to design and simulate the secrecy systems for vehicular networks because of their robustness towards road parameters, and signal parameters. At last we conclude that it is advantageous to have the RIS element instead of regular access point to save the extra transmission power as no major fluctuations have been noticed in the performance of secrecy metrics under the influence of RIS.
Effectiveness of acid-electrolyzed functional water for oral care of the elderly: an in vitro study
Authors: Oikawa Daichi , Nishio Kensuke , Tamura Muneaki , Fukasawa Mai , Yoshida Takamasa , Okada Shinji , Takatsu Masaki , Tsunoda Mariko , Asano Masatake , Iinuma Toshimitsu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Aspiration pneumonia is a major cause of death in the elderly. Oral bacterial can contribute to the occurrence of this disease. It is therefore important to maintain oral cavity hygiene. However, tooth brushing is sometime difficult for elderly people. Acid-electrolyzed functional water (FW) is an efficient bactericide, and gargling with FW might therefore contribute to the effective prevention of aspiration pneumonia. We investigated the possible use of FW as a mouth rinse.Methods: The bactericidal effect of FW against each species of bacteria was evaluated using the numbers of colony-forming units. The test organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. The experiment was conducted using PBS as a control, LISTERINE, and ConCool F. We used two concentrations of ConCool F: undiluted, and the optimal concentration indicated by the manufacturer. To investigate the bactericidal mechanism of FW, the activity of superoxide dismutase, an indicator of oxidative action, was measured in S. aureus. FW was diluted with purified water to concentrations of 10, 30, 50, and 70%. The number of colony-forming units were measured for each concentration. XTT assays were performed using HSC-3 and HeLa cells, to examine the viability of the cells following treatment with FW. The same experiment was conducted with PBS, Listerine, and undiluted ConCool F.Results: No bacteria treated with FW, Listerine, or undiluted ConCool F formed colonies. However, the number of colony-forming units in bacteria treated with diluted ConCool F was equivalent to that of control, except for C. albicans. Superoxide dismutase activity peaked at a 50% concentration of FW, and was more than twice that of the control. A significant decrease in the number of colony-forming units was observed following 50% treatment. Since the peaks of the superoxide dismutase activity and the starting concentrations of the bactericidal effects coincided, the bactericidal effect of FW's might be related to their oxidative effects. Bacteria treated with FW had as higher a survival rate than the other two mouth rinses. Conclusions: Our results suggest that FW might be clinically applicable as a mouth rinse.