bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regularities of Pareto sets in low-dimensional practical multi-criteria optimisation problems: analysis, explanation, and exploitation
Authors: Kulkarni Aditya , Kohns Maximilian , Bortz Michael , Küfer Karl-Heinz , Hasse Hans 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany practical optimisation problems have conflicting objectives, which should be addressed by multi-criteria optimisation (MCO), i.e. by determining the set of best compromises, the Pareto set (PS), along with its picture in parameter space (PSPS). In previous work on low-dimensional MCO problems, we have found characteristic topological features of the PS and PSPS, which depend on the dimensionality of the parameter space M and the objective space N. E.g., $$M = 2$$

M
=
2

and $$N = 3$$

N
=
3

yields triangles with needle-like extensions. The reasons for these topological features were unknown so far. Here, we show that they are to be expected if all objective functions of the MCO satisfy two conditions: (a) they can be approximated by quadratic functions and (b) one of the eigenvalues of the Hessian matrix evaluated at the function’s minimum is small compared to the other eigenvalues. Objective functions which meet conditions (a) and (b) have a valley-like topology, for which the valley lies in the direction of the eigenvector corresponding to the lowest eigenvalue. The PSPS can be estimated by starting at the minimum of an objective function, following the valley, and combining these lines for all objective functions. The PS is obtained by evaluating the objective functions. We believe that the conditions (a) and (b) are met in many practical problems and discuss an example from molecular modelling. The improved understanding of the features of these MCO problems opens the route for designing methods for swiftly finding estimates of their PS and PSPS.
Veritism and ways of deriving epistemic value
Authors: Sjölin Wirling Ylwa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVeritists hold that only truth has fundamental epistemic value. They are committed to explaining all other instances of epistemic goodness as somehow deriving their value through a relation to truth, and in order to do so they arguably need a non-instrumental relation of epistemic value derivation. As is currently common in epistemology, many veritists assume that the epistemic is an insulated evaluative domain: claims about what has epistemic value are independent of claims about what has value simpliciter. This paper argues that the insulation approach to epistemic value is incompatible with non-instrumental epistemic value derivation. Veritsts who want to avail themselves of this important explanatory resource should therefore abandon the insulation approach.
Improving bounds on prime counting functions by partial verification of the Riemann hypothesis
Authors: Johnston Daniel R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing a recent verification of the Riemann hypothesis up to height $$3\cdot 10^{12}$$

3
·

10
12

, we provide strong estimates on $$\pi (x)$$

π
(
x
)

and other prime counting functions for finite ranges of x. In particular, we get that $$|\pi (x)-li(x)|<\sqrt{x}\log x/8\pi $$

|
π

(
x
)

-
l
i

(
x
)

|
<

x

log
x
/
8
π

for $$2657\le x\le 1.101\cdot 10^{26}$$

2657
≤
x
≤
1.101
·

10
26

. We also provide weaker bounds that hold for a wider range of x, and an application to an inequality of Ramanujan.
Impact factions: assessing the citation impact of different types of open access repositories
Authors: Wheeler Jonathan , Pham Ngoc-Minh , Arlitsch Kenning , Shanks Justin D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInstitutional repositories (IR) maintained by research libraries play a central role in providing open access to taxpayer-funded research products. It is difficult to measure the extent to which IR contribute to new scholarship because publisher self-archiving policies typically require researchers to cite the “version of record” of a manuscript even when an IR copy is accessed to conduct the research. While some studies report an open access (OA) citation advantage resulting from the availability of self-archived or “green” OA manuscripts, few have sought to measure an OA citation effect of IR separately from disciplinary repositories, including arXiv and PubMed Central. In this study, the authors present a bibliometric analysis examining correlations between search engine performance of items in IR, OA availability from different types of repositories, and citations. The analysis uses a novel, open dataset of IR access and usage derived from five months of Google search engine results pages (SERP) data, which were aggregated by the Repository Analytics and Metrics Portal (RAMP) web service. Findings indicate that making OA copies of manuscripts available in self-archiving or “green” repositories results in a positive citation effect, although the disciplinary repositories within the sample significantly outperform the other types of OA services analyzed. Also evident is an increase in citations when a single manuscript is available in multiple OA sources.
Epistemic anxiety and epistemic risk
Authors: Newton Lilith 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I provide an account of epistemic anxiety as an emotional response to epistemic risk: the risk of believing in error. The motivation for this account is threefold. First, it makes epistemic anxiety a species of anxiety, thus rendering psychologically respectable a notion that has heretofore been taken seriously only by epistemologists. Second, it illuminates the relationship between anxiety and risk. It is standard in psychology to conceive of anxiety as a response to risk, but psychologists – very reasonably – have little to say about risk itself, as opposed to risk judgement. In this paper, I specify what risk must be like to be the kind of thing to which anxiety can be a response. Third, my account improves on extant accounts of epistemic anxiety in the literature. It is more fleshed out than Jennifer Nagel’s (2010a), which is largely agnostic about the nature of epistemic anxiety, focusing instead on what work it does in our epistemic lives. In offering an account of epistemic anxiety as an emotion, my account explains how it is able to do the epistemological work to which Nagel puts it. My account is also more plausible than Juliette Vazard’s (2018, 2021), on which epistemic anxiety is an emotional response to potential threat to one’s practical interests. Vazard’s account cannot distinguish epistemic anxiety from anxiety in general, and also fails to capture all instances of what we want to call epistemic anxiety. My account does better on both counts.
The many theories of mind: eliminativism and pluralism in context
Authors: Gough Joe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent philosophy of science there has been much discussion of both pluralism, which embraces scientific terms with multiple meanings, and eliminativism, which rejects such terms. Some recent work focuses on the conditions that legitimize pluralism over eliminativism – the conditions under which such terms are acceptable. Often, this is understood as a matter of encouraging effective communication – the danger of these terms is thought to be equivocation, while the advantage is thought to be the fulfilment of ‘bridging roles’ that facilitate communication between different scientists and specialisms. These theories are geared towards regulating communication between scientists qua scientists. However, this overlooks an important class of harmful equivocation that involves miscommunication between scientists and nonscientists, such as the public or policymakers. To make my case, I use the example of theory of mind, also known as ‘mindreading’ and ‘mentalizing’, and broadly defined as the capacity to attribute mental states to oneself and others. I begin by showing that ‘theory of mind’ has multiple meanings, before showing that this has resulted in harmful equivocations of a sort and in a way not accounted for by previous theories of pluralism and eliminativism.
Angle of arrival estimation in a multi-antenna software defined radio system: impact of hardware and radio environment
Authors: Wachowiak Marcin , Kryszkiewicz Pawel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractContemporary wireless communication transceivers can utilize their multiple antennas to improve positioning abilities. Angle of Arrival (AoA) estimation utilizes shifts in phase between the signal of interest arriving at different receiving antennas. Software Defined Radio (SDR) USRP B210 and GNU Radio implementing the Root Multiple Signal Classification (Root-MUSIC) algorithm are used in this paper. However, this setup requires the consideration of errors caused by hardware and radio environment. The impact of these effects is shown using an analytical model, assessed, mostly by measurements, and relevant solutions are proposed. The hardware distortions are caused mostly by synchronization errors. The intricacies of the most problematic phase synchronization are investigated with the wired setup showing, e.g., changes with frequency or gain. Both synchronizations emitting calibration tone from the same radio front end, resulting in cross-talk, or a separate one are tested. Recommendations enhancing the performance of the system and alleviating hardware imperfections are provided in this paper. The accuracy of AoA estimation is degraded by multipath propagation or radio interference. A signal processing scheme including filtering has been proposed. A set of over-the-air experiments assessed the performance of the system. The presented and publicly available software package, scalable to a higher number of RX antennas, enables straightforward implementation by other researchers.
Reconstruction of dental roots for implant planning purposes: a feasibility study
Authors: Brandenburg Leonard Simon , Berger Lukas , Schwarz Steffen Jochen , Meine Hans , Weingart Julia Vera , Steybe David , Spies Benedikt Christopher , Burkhardt Felix , Schlager Stefan , Metzger Marc Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeModern virtual implant planning is a time-consuming procedure, requiring a careful assessment of prosthetic and anatomical factors within a three-dimensional dataset. In order to facilitate the planning process and provide additional information, this study examines a statistical shape model (SSM) to compute the course of dental roots based on a surface scan.Material and methodsPlaster models of orthognathic patients were scanned and superimposed with three-dimensional data of a cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT). Based on the open-source software “R”, including the packages Morpho, mesheR, Rvcg and RvtkStatismo, an SSM was generated to estimate the tooth axes. The accuracy of the calculated tooth axes was determined using a leave-one-out cross-validation. The deviation of tooth axis prediction in terms of angle or horizontal shift is described with mean and standard deviation. The planning dataset of an implant surgery patient was additionally analyzed using the SSM.Results71 datasets were included in this study. The mean angle between the estimated tooth-axis and the actual tooth-axis was 7.5 ± 4.3° in the upper jaw and 6.7 ± 3.8° in the lower jaw. The horizontal deviation between the tooth axis and estimated axis was 1.3 ± 0.8 mm close to the cementoenamel junction, and 0.7 ± 0.5 mm in the apical third of the root. Results for models with one missing tooth did not differ significantly. In the clinical dataset, the SSM could give a reasonable aid for implant positioning.ConclusionsWith the presented SSM, the approximate course of dental roots can be predicted based on a surface scan. There was no difference in predicting the tooth axis of existent or missing teeth. In clinical context, the estimation of tooth axes of missing teeth could serve as a reference for implant positioning. However, a higher number of training data must be achieved to obtain increasing accuracy.
Evaluating suitable low-cost agar substitutes, clarity, stability, and toxicity for resource-poor countries' tissue culture media
Authors: Ebile Pride Anya , Opata John , Hegele Suputtra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Over 20% of plant species assessed are threatened with extinction. Most of these plants have food security implications, especially in developing countries. Traditional seeds and cutting propagation techniques cannot counter the loss rate, and tissue culture provides a fast alternative to conventional propagation techniques. However, tissue culture has been considered too expensive for developing countries negatively impacted by food insecurity. A gelling agent is the costliest media component in plant tissue culture. This study aims to assess different gelling agents to find suitable ones with low cost and acceptable gelling properties for developing countries, especially in rural areas. Plantain explants were propagated on 16 starch-based substrates to evaluate their suitability as tissue culture gelling agents. This study compared the cost of various substrates and their gelling properties, such as clarity, toxicity, and texture, with agar as a reference gelling agent. Some substrates, such as xanthan, had good gelling properties, but their cost was too high (5.98 Euro L−1) to be considered low-cost. Other substrates, such as cassava starch, did not have suitable gelling properties; however, the cost was low (0.99 Euro L−1). Two of the substrates, mung bean and Isabgol, had suitable gelling properties and cost less than one euro. Therefore, smallholder banana and plantain farmers in resource-poor countries can undertake tissue culture operations with mung bean and Isabgol as gelling agents with minimum cost.
A State of the Art on Simulation and Modelling Methods in Machining: Future Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi , Gupta Munish Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSimulation modelling methods have gained dramatic acceleration in the last years among academic environments and industry-driven enterprises. Primary reason is that such models have great potential in predicting of machining process parameters. Therefore, tis study evaluates the place and capability of these models in fundamental machining operations. In this direction, Finite Element Modelling Methods are discussed by questioning their contributions to the process performance. Despite numerous positive aspects, development of a successful model is highly difficult owing to the complexity of machining environment with variation of thermo-mechanical effect, tribological conditions, interaction of process variables and high deformation rate of materials etc. Therefore, a critical assessment of the merits and drawbacks of each method associating with their basic phenomena has been investigated. Predictive models basically aim to estimate the machinability characteristics such as stress–stain rates, cutting forces and temperatures etc. Nevertheless, practical applications require correlations between these characteristics and performance outcomes such as surface integrity of part, tool wear index, chip morphology, dimensional accuracy etc. In the end, the molecular dynamics and smoothed particle hydrodynamics have been discussed. Thus, this paper is expected to contribute to up-to-date studies by criticizing the key findings of the predictive models in machining processes.
Emotional States Encountered by Law Enforcement Officers: an Initial Test of the Schema Mode Concept in Police Actions
Authors: Deller-Wessels Lena , Bernstein David P. , Lorei Clemens 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWorking with extreme mood states is a regular challenge for law enforcement officers. In their encounters during police actions, they very often face manifestations of anger and aggression, as well as vulnerable states such as ones involving fear, helplessness, or humiliation. In this study, we investigated whether officers could reliably identify emotional states in the persons they encountered, using the Schema Therapy concept of “schema modes.” Although the mode concept has been extensively validated in the field of forensic mental health, this is its first application to police work. Twenty-seven police officers working for two different German police headquarters were asked to report about a recent operation involving a person showing intense emotional states. After receiving a short training in using the iModes, cards that facilitate working with modes, they retrospectively rated the presence and intensity of the schema modes of the persons whom they encountered. Two experts in Schema Therapy independently rated the same scenarios, using the Mode Observation Scale (MOS). Intraclass correlations showed moderate to excellent levels of agreement between the officers’ and experts’ mode-ratings. Modes involving anger (70%), aggression (70%), indirect hostility (44%), and arrogance/grandiosity (41%) were the most prevalent, while modes involving vulnerable emotions were less common. It can be concluded that police officers can reliably assess different modes in encountered persons, even without extensive training. This initial study suggests that the mode concept has applicability to police work and merits additional study for its potential for de-escalation and conflict management in police contexts.
Newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiocerebrovascular events in primary aldosteronism
Authors: Zhang Cui , Jiang Yiran , Su Tingwei , Jiang Lei , Zhou Weiwei , Zhong Xu , Wu Luming , Wang Weiqing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the prevalence and clinical significance of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). Investigating the risk factors for cardiocerebrovascular disease (CCVD) will guide strategies for reducing CCVD in patients with PA.

Methods
We retrospectively included 729 PA patients without DM and conducted oral glucose tolerance tests.

Results
We found that 15.0% of PA patients had newly diagnosed DM. The DM prevalence increased with elevated aldosterone levels [OR = 3.20 (1.77, 5.78), P value < 0.001]. The rate of CCVD in newly diagnosed diabetic PA patients was higher than that in nondiabetic PA patients at diagnosis (11.9% vs. 5.0%, P = 0.005). Furthermore, multivariate logistic analysis revealed that HT duration [1.055 (1.002,1.111), P = 0.041] and newly diagnosed DM [2.600 (1.072,6.303), P = 0.034] were significantly associated with CCVD in PA patients.

Conclusion
The prevalence of newly diagnosed DM in PA patients was higher than that in the general population. Aldosterone level was an independent risk factor for DM not for CCVD. CCVD was correlated with longer HT duration and newly diagnosed DM. Therefore, it is crucial to screen DM at the diagnosis in PA patients.
Cardiometabolic profile of young women with hypoprolactinemia
Authors: Krysiak Robert , Kowalcze Karolina , Okopień Bogusław 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Unlike hyperprolactinemia, clinical significance of prolactin deficiency remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to assess the cardiometabolic profile of patients with low prolactin levels.

Methods
The study population consisted of three groups of young women. Two groups were chronically treated with cabergoline but differed in prolactin levels, which were either abnormally low (group A; n = 16) or within the reference range (group B, n = 23). Group C, serving as a control group, included 28 drug-naïve women with normal prolactin levels. The dose of cabergoline in group A was then tapered down. Glucose homeostasis markers, plasma lipids and circulating levels of hormones, uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen and homocysteine, as well as the carotid intima-media thickness were assessed at baseline and 6 months later.

Results
Compared with subjects with normal prolactin levels, women with hypoprolactinemia had higher levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, uric acid, hsCRP and fibrinogen, lower values of HDL-cholesterol, total testosterone and free androgen index, as well as reduced insulin sensitivity. No differences in these variables were observed between groups B and C. Apart from prolactin normalization, cabergoline dose reduction reversed all laboratory disturbances reported in group A.

Conclusion
The obtained results suggest that hypoprolactinemia in women of reproductive age may increase cardiometabolic risk.
The genus of curves in $${\mathbb {P}}^4$$ and $${\mathbb {P}}^5$$ not contained in quadrics
Authors: Di Gennaro Vincenzo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA classical problem in the theory of projective curves is the classification of all their possible genera in terms of the degree and the dimension of the space where they are embedded. Fixed integers r, d, s, Castelnuovo-Halphen’s theory states a sharp upper bound for the genus of a non-degenerate, reduced and irreducible curve of degree d in $${\mathbb {P}}^r$$

P

r

, under the condition of being not contained in a surface of degree $$<s$$

<
s

. This theory can be generalized in several ways. For instance, fixed integers r, d, k, one may ask for the maximal genus of a curve of degree d in $${\mathbb {P}}^r$$

P

r

, not contained in a hypersurface of degree $$<k$$

<
k

. In the present paper we examine the genus of curves C of degree d in $${\mathbb {P}}^r$$

P

r

not contained in quadrics (i.e. $$h^0({\mathbb {P}}^r, {\mathcal {I}}_C(2))=0$$

h
0

(

P

r

,

I
C

(
2
)

)

=
0

). When $$r=4$$

r
=
4

and $$r=5$$

r
=
5

, and $$d\gg 0$$

d
≫
0

, we exhibit a sharp upper bound for the genus. For certain values of $$r\ge 7$$

r
≥
7

, we are able to determine a sharp bound except for a constant term, and the argument applies also to curves not contained in cubics.
Alteration of Trop-2 expression in breast cancer cells by clinically used therapeutic agents and acquired tamoxifen resistance
Authors: Zhu Jing , Wu Wenwen , Togashi Yukiko , Taira Nihira Naoe , Johmura Yoshikazu , Zhu Dajiang , Nakanishi Makoto , Miyoshi Yasuo , Ohta Tomohiko 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Sacituzumab govitecan is an antibody–drug conjugate that delivers SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan, to the target molecule, trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2). It is a promising drug for triple-negative breast cancer and is anticipated to be effective for luminal breast cancer. The efficacy of the agent relies on the expression of Trop-2 rather than its intracellular function. However, conditions that alter the Trop-2 expression have not been well investigated.

Methods
We tested a range of clinically related treatments for their effect on Trop-2 expression in cultured breast cancer cell lines.

Results
The expression level of Trop-2 differed among cell lines, independent of their subtypes, and was highly variable on treatment with kinase inhibitors, tamoxifen, irradiation, and chemotherapeutic agents including irinotecan. While inhibitors of AKT, RSK, and p38 MAPK suppressed the Trop-2 expression, tamoxifen treatment significantly increased Trop-2 expression in luminal cancer cell lines. Notably, luminal cancer cells with acquired resistance to tamoxifen also exhibited higher levels of Trop-2. We identified transcription factor EB (TFEB) as a possible mechanism underlying tamoxifen-induced elevation of Trop-2 expression. Tamoxifen triggers dephosphorylation of TFEB, an active form of TFEB, and the effect of tamoxifen on Trop-2 was prevented by depletion of TFEB. A luciferase reporter assay showed that Trop-2 induction by TFEB was dependent on a tandem E-box motif within the Trop-2 promoter region.

Conclusions
Overall, these results suggest that the effectiveness of sacituzumab govitecan could be altered by concomitant treatment and that tamoxifen could be a favorable agent for combined therapy.