bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of microglia/immune cells in the brain of adult zebrafish in homeostatic and regenerative conditions: Focus on oxidative stress during brain repair
Authors: Narra Sai Sandhya , Rondeau Philippe , Fernezelian Danielle , Gence Laura , Ghaddar Batoul , Bourdon Emmanuel , Lefebvre d'Hellencourt Christian , Rastegar Sepand , Diotel Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMicroglia are macrophage‐like cells exerting determinant roles in neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress processes during brain regeneration. We used zebrafish as a model of brain plasticity and repair. First, by performing L‐plastin (Lcp1) immunohistochemistry and using transgenic Tg(mpeg1.1:GFP) or Tg(mpeg1.1:mCherry) fish, we analyzed the distribution of microglia/immune cells in the whole brain. Specific regional differences were evidenced in terms of microglia/immune cell density and morphology (elongated, branched, highly branched, and amoeboid). Taking advantage of Tg(fli:GFP) and Tg(GFAP::GFP) enabling the detection of endothelial cells and neural stem cells (NSCs), we highlighted the association of elongated microglia/immune cells with blood vessels and rounded/amoeboid microglia with NSCs. Second, after telencephalic injury, we showed that L‐plastin cells were still abundantly present at 5 days post‐lesion (dpl) and were associated with regenerative neurogenesis. Finally, RNA‐sequencing analysis from injured telencephalon (5 dpl) confirmed the upregulation of microglia/immune cell markers and highlighted a significant increase of genes involved in oxidative stress (nox2, nrf2a, and gsr). The analysis of antioxidant activities at 5 dpl also revealed an upregulation of superoxide dismutase and persistent H2O2 generation in the injured telencephalon. Also, microglia/immune cells were shown to be a source of oxidative stress at 5 dpl. Overall, our data provide a better characterization of microglia/immune cell distribution in the healthy zebrafish brain, highlighting some evolutionarily conserved features with mammals. They also emphasize that 5 days after injury, microglia/immune cells are still activated and are associated to a persistent redox imbalance. Together, these data raise the question of the role of oxidative stress in regenerative neurogenesis in zebrafish.
Enhanced Carbon Capture Behavior of Carbon Fibers via Ionic Liquid Modification
Authors: Mokhtari‐Nori Narges , Luo Huimin , Paul Ryan , Vautard Frederic , Fu Yuqing , Fan Juntian , Jiang De‐en , Yang Zhenzhen , Dai Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCarbon‐based materials are widely deployed in carbon capture but are only limited to physisorption procedures. Further extending functionalized carbon materials to CO2 chemisorption under low CO2 concentration is highly desirable yet challenging. Herein, a carbon fiber composed of solely ultra‐micropores (∼0.45 nm) was deployed as the precursor to avoid the pore blocking effect, which was modified by superbase‐derived ionic liquids (ILs) containing strong interaction sites with CO2. By forming a thin coating layer on the surface, the as‐afforded surface‐functionalized fiber materials demonstrated enhanced CO2 uptake capacity and improved CO2 sorption kinetics, as evaluated by both the volumetric method and thermogravimetric analysis, as well as the calculated energy distribution curves. The achievements made in this work provide guidance on the functionalization of carbon‐based materials towards enhanced CO2 chemisorption by forming a thin layer of selected IL coating.
Steric Control in Activator‐Induced Nucleophilic Quencher Detachment‐Based Probes: High‐Contrast Imaging of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1 in Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Oe Masahiro , Suzuki Kanae , Miki Koji , Mu Huiying , Ohe Kouichi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTurn‐on fluorescence probes can visualize the enzyme activity with high contrast. We have established a new turn‐on mechanism, activator‐induced nucleophilic quencher detachment (AiQd), and developed AiQd‐based turn‐on fluorescence probes for the detection of enzymes. Herein, we demonstrate that the precise steric control efficiently quenches the fluorescence of AiQd‐based turn‐on probes before the enzymatic transformation. Theoretical calculation appropriately predicted the ratio of the fluorescence‐quenched closed‐ring form of probes. βC5S‐A, which has a sterically demanding methyl group at the β‐position of a fluorescence‐quenching nucleophilic mercapto group, showed a low background signal. βC5S‐A responded to aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) with high selectivity, thereby enabling high‐contrast live imaging of cancer stem cells (signal‐to‐noise ratio >10). The ALDH1A1‐responsiveness of βC5S‐A was not significantly affected by amino acids and biological thiols, such as cysteine and glutathione.
Interactive role of miR‐29, miR‐93, miR‐205, and VEGF in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Bayat Parisa , Mahdavi Nazanin , Younespour Shima , Kardouni Khoozestani Neda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesSalivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is one of the most common salivary gland tumors in which patients encounter local recurrence and lung metastases. Understanding prognostic biomarkers in SACC is essential for future development in prognosis and treatment. This study aimed to assess the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its potential regulatory microRNAs in SACC for prognostic determination.Material and MethodsThe expression of VEGF in SACC samples was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Potential regulatory microRNAs were evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Associations between VEGF and microRNAs expression and clinicopathological parameters were investigated.ResultsVEGF expression levels positively correlated with histologic grade (p = .004) and treatment modality (p = .04). Decreased expression of miR‐29a (p = .01) and increased expression of miR‐93‐5p and miR‐205 (both p < .0001) were observed in SACC compared to normal salivary gland tissue. MiR‐93‐5p showed a positive association (p = .02) with VEGF overexpression.ConclusionsOur results showed the downregulation of miR‐29 and overexpression of miR‐93 and miR‐205 in the SACC group, and the correlation between miR‐93 and VEGF suggests these biomarkers as potential prognostic markers in the future.
Modeling the spatial evolution wildfires using random spread process
Authors: Díaz‐Avalos Carlos , Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe study of wildfire spread and the growth of the area burned is an important task in ecological studies and in other contexts. In this work we present a model for fire spread and show the results obtained from simulations of burned areas. The model is based on probabilities of fire at different locations. Such probabilities are obtained from the intensity function of a spatial point process model fitted to the observed pattern of fires in the Valencian Community for the years 1993–2015. The models, applied to different wildfires in Spain, including the different temporal states, combines the features of a network model with those of a quasi‐physical model of the interaction between burning and nonburning cells, which strongly depends on covariates. The results of the simulated wildfire burned areas resemble the burned areas observed in real cases, suggesting that the model proposed, based on a Markov process called Random Spread Process, works adequately. The model can be extended to simulate other random spread processes such as epidemics.
Prevalence of substance use among Iranian male adolescents: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hosseini Jalil , Shojaeefar Ehsan , Pooladgar Parham , Aliakbari Fereshteh , Ganji Maryam , Hamdieh Mostafa , Kheradmand Ali , Fashami Mahta Abbasi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsSubstance use among adolescents is one of the most challenging behavioral disorders with direct consequences. It is of the essence (that) the prevalence of substance use is investigated among Iranian male adolescents.MethodsThe present study is a systematic review and meta‐analysis. All published articles titled “prevalence of substance use among Iranian adolescents” authored in Persian and English from 2004 to 2020 on Pub Med, Scopus, SID, and Google Scholar, a top list of academic research databases, were reviewed. Thirty‐three out of 805 articles, hinge on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were eligible. Statistical analysis carried out in STATA 14.0.Q index, I2 index, and χ2 test were applied.ResultsOverall prevalence reported with (95% confidence interval) for substance use 7% (4%–11%), methamphetamine 4% (3%–6%), tobacco 10% (3%–19%), and any addictive substances 4% (2%–7%) among male adolescents respectively. Besides, overall prevalence of alcohol consumption reported 10% (8%–11%).ConclusionThe prevalence of substance use among male adolescents is high, so it is indispensable for researchers to pay special attention to this issue.
Function and prognostic value of N6‐methyladenosine‐modified RNAs in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Jiayuan , Zheng Zhi , Zhong Jinlong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAberrant regulation of N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification is reportedly vital for cancer progression, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, current studies mainly focus on the function and mechanism of m6A‐modified regulators, such as m6A writers (METTL3 and METTL14), erasers (ALKBH5 and FTO), and readers (YTHDF1 and YTHDF2). The landscape, function, and prognostic value of RNAs by m6A‐modified have not been fully clarified until now.MethodsThe present study identified 57 RNAs with significantly different m6A‐methylation levels in LUAD tissues using epitranscriptomic microarray analysis.ResultsAmong the 57 RNAs, 28 and 29 were hypermethylated and hypomethylated, respectively. The m6A‐methylation level increased in mRNA and long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) but decreased in small non‐coding RNA. After pathway enrichment analyses, RNA metabolism‐associated pathways such as nucleotide metabolism were enriched in total and m6A‐hypermethylated mRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNA networks were built using miRNet tools, revealing that the immune system was closed to m6A‐modified lncRNAs. To evaluate the prognostic value of mRNAs with hypermethylated or hypomethylated, we calculated the risk scores, and constructed signatures to predict the survival time of patients with LUAD using multicox regression analysis. In addition, hypermethylated‐mRNA and hypomethylated‐mRNA signatures were established. The survival plotter showed that these two signatures effectively predicted the survival time of patients with LUAD.ConclusionsThe results of the present study support the evidence for understanding the expression, function, and potential prognostic values of m6A‐modified RNAs, possibly promoting effective therapies for patients with LUAD.
Comparison of DNA purification methods for high‐throughput sequencing of fungal communities from wine fermentation
Authors: Gobert Antoine , Evers Marie Sarah , Morge Christophe , Sparrow Céline , Delafont Vincent 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh‐throughput sequencing approaches, which target a taxonomically discriminant locus, allow for in‐depth insight into microbial communities’ compositions. Although microorganisms are historically investigated by cultivation on artificial culture media, this method presents strong limitations, since only a limited proportion of microorganisms can be grown in vitro. This pitfall appears even more limiting in enological and winemaking processes, during which a wide range of molds, yeasts, and bacteria are observed at the different stages of the fermentation course. Such an understanding of those dynamic communities and how they impact wine quality therefore stands as a major challenge for the future of enology. As of now, although high‐throughput sequencing has already allowed for the investigation of fungal communities, there is no available comparative study focusing on the performance of microbial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction in enological matrixes. This study aims to provide a comparison of five selected extraction methods, assayed on both must and fermenting must, as well as on finished wine. These procedures were evaluated according to their extraction yields, the purity of their extracted DNA, and the robustness of downstream molecular analyses, including polymerase chain reaction and high‐throughput sequencing of fungal communities. Altogether, two out of the five assessed microbial DNA extraction methods (DNeasy PowerSoil Pro Kit and E.Z.N.A.® Food DNA Kit) appeared suitable for robust evaluations of the microbial communities in wine samples. Consequently, this study provides robust tools for facilitated upcoming studies to further investigate microbial communities during winemaking using high‐throughput sequencing.
The determinants of the inequality in CO2 emissions per capita between developing countries and their implications for environmental policy
Authors: Padilla Rosa Emilio , Jadotte Evans 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe analyze the differences in CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita between developing countries and how these are influenced by a series of affluence, structural, demographic, and climatic variables. First, a regression analysis provides new evidence on the determinants of CO2 emissions in developing countries. We find an N‐shaped relationship with GDP per capita and a negative impact of the agriculture share and average daily minimum temperatures, while urbanization and the share of potentially active population would be positively correlated with emissions per capita. Second, by using the regression‐based inequality decomposition method, we indicate the weight of each significant determinant in explaining the inequality in CO2 emissions per capita between developing countries. The main contributors are economic affluence and the potentially active population, in this order. We study the relevance of each factor in the changes experienced by inequality over time. Some of our results contrast with previous evidence for more heterogeneous samples. We derive some relevant implications for environmental and energy policy in developing countries.
Effect of Storage Temperature on Physical Properties and Application in Packaging of the Soybean Isolate Protein–Corn Starch Composite Films
Authors: Zhu Tingwei , Ma Luyan , Li Qianyu , Fan Peipei , Wei Qian , Guo Xingfeng , Chen Fusheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to evaluate the stability of soybean isolate protein (SPI)–corn starch (CS) composite films, physical properties and application in packaging of the SPI‐based composite films are observed during storage. Results show that mechanical property changed more obvious (increased TS and descended EB) with increase of storage temperature from 5 to 35 °C and increased CS content in the SPI‐CS composite films is not in advantage of mechanical property improvement. Furthermore, combined with results of light transmittance, oil barrier property, and water solubility, it is obtained that low temperature (≤20 °C) is preferred for storage of SPI‐based composite films, and SPI:CS (4:1) composite film shows best performance during the whole storage. Finally, films applied in packaging result indicate the SPI:CS (4:1) composite film can be selected as seasoning inner packaging at low temperature.
Genomic prediction for the Germplasm Enhancement of Maize project
Authors: Rogers Anna R. , Bian Yang , Krakowsky Matthew , Peters David , Turnbull Clint , Nelson Paul , Holland James B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) project was initiated in 1993 as a cooperative effort of public‐ and private‐sector maize (Zea mays L.) breeders to enhance the genetic diversity of the U.S. maize crop. The GEM project selects progeny lines with high topcross yield potential from crosses between elite temperate lines and exotic parents. The GEM project has released hundreds of useful breeding lines based on phenotypic selection within selfing generations and multienvironment yield evaluations of GEM line topcrosses to elite adapted testers. Developing genomic selection (GS) models for the GEM project may contribute to increases in the rate of genetic gain. Here we evaluated the prediction ability of GS models trained on 6 yr of topcross evaluations from the two GEM programs in Raleigh, NC, and Ames, IA, documenting prediction abilities ranging from 0.36 to 0.75 for grain yield and from 0.78 to 0.96 for grain moisture when models were cross‐validated within program and heterotic group. Predicted genetic gain from GS ranged from 0.95 to 2.58 times the gain from phenotypic selection. Prediction ability across program and heterotic group was generally poorer than within groups. Based on observed genomic relationships between GEM breeding lines and their tropical ancestors, GS for either yield or moisture would reduce recovery of exotic germplasm only slightly. Using GS models trained within program, the GEM programs should be able to more effectively deliver on its mission to broaden the genetic base of U.S. germplasm.
Direct fabrication of arbitrary phase masks in optical glass via ultra-short pulsed laser writing of refractive index modifications
Authors: Schüller-Ruhl A. , Dinstühler L. , Senger T. , Bergfeld S. , Ingenhag C. , Fleischhaker R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study the possibility to fabricate an arbitrary phase mask in a one-step laser-writing process inside the volume of an optical glass substrate. We derive the phase mask from a Gerchberg–Saxton-type algorithm as an array and create each individual phase shift using a refractive index modification of variable axial length. We realize the variable axial length by superimposing refractive index modifications induced by an ultra-short pulsed laser at different focusing depth. Each single modification is created by applying 1000 pulses with 15 $$\upmu$$
μ
J pulse energy at 100 kHz to a fixed spot of 25 $$\upmu$$
μ
m diameter and the focus is then shifted axially in steps of 10 $$\upmu$$
μ
m. With several proof-of-principle examples, we show the feasibility of our method. In particular, we identify the induced refractive index change to about a value of $$\varDelta n = 1.5 \cdot 10^{-3}$$

Δ
n
=
1.5
·

10

-
3

. We also determine our current limitations by calculating the overlap in the form of a scalar product and we discuss possible future improvements.
Single-cell transcriptomics to understand the cellular heterogeneity in toxicology
Authors: Kim Seon Hwa , Cho Soo Young 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Identification of molecular signatures from omics studies is widely applied in toxicological studies, and the evaluation of potential toxic effects provides novel insights into molecular resolution.

Objective
The prediction of toxic effects and drug tolerance provides important clues regarding the mode of action of target compounds. However, heterogeneity within samples makes toxicology studies challenging because the purity of the target cell in the samples remains unknown until their actual utilization.

Result
Single-cell resolution studies have been suggested in toxicogenomics, and several studies have explained toxic effects and drug tolerance using heterogeneous cells in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. In this review, we presented an understanding of single-cell transcriptomes and their applications in toxicogenomics.

Conclusion
The most toxicological mechanism in organisms occurs through intramolecular combinations, and heterogeneity issues have reached a surmountable level. We hope this review provides insights to successfully conduct future studies on toxicology.

Purpose of the review
Toxicogenomics is an interdisciplinary field between toxicology and genomics that was successfully applied to construct molecular profiles in a broad spectrum of toxicology. However, heterogeneity within samples makes toxicology studies challenging because the purity of target cell in the samples remains unknown until their actual utilisation. In this review, we presented an understanding of single-cell transcriptomes and their applications in toxicogenomics.

Recent findings
A high-throughput techniques have been used to understand cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms at toxicogenomics. Single-cell resolution analysis is required to identify biomarkers of explain toxic effect and in order to understand drug tolerance.
Dissenting from heteronormativity: growing sideways in religious education
Authors: Henry Seán 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTensions across religious and LGBTQ concerns have played out in education for some time. In this paper, I make efforts to respond productively to this context by theorising what it might mean for young people in religious schools to dissent from the heteronormativity of religion in religious education (RE). To do this, I survey perspectives across Jewish, Christian, and Muslim accounts of education to claim that there is precedent for dissenting from heteronormativity in religious school settings more generally given these accounts’ resistance to a uniform conception of religious identities and traditions, coupled with their sensitivity to pluralism and difference as enriching features of religious communities and experiences. The value of these accounts notwithstanding, I move to identifying two limiting dimensions to some of these perspectives for theorising dissent, namely: (1) an assumed commonality of religious identity in religious school settings, however internally diverse; and (2) an inordinately propositional and disembodied account of religious encounters. With the specific curricular context of RE in mind, I suggest that dissent from heteronormativity can (perhaps more helpfully) be understood as a mode of ethical agency that: (1) attends to that which exceeds identity in people’s encounters with religion; and (2) builds on the embodied, material, and affective dynamics of encountering religion in the RE classroom. Put differently, I understand dissent as a mode of ‘growing sideways’ in RE, where young people encounter alternatives to the limits of heteronormativity within the context of the present.