bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Calibration and Crosshair Tracking with Modular Digital Imaging Total Station
Authors: Zschiesche Kira , Fitzke Marvin , Schlüter Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe combination of a geodetic total station with a digital camera opens up the possibilities of digital image analysis of the captured images together with angle measurement. In general, such a combination is called image-assisted total station (IATS). The prototype of an IATS called MoDiTa (Modular Digital Imaging Total Station) developed at i3mainz is designed in such a way that an existing total station or a tachymeter can be extended by an industrial camera in a few simple steps. The ad hoc conversion of the measuring system opens up further areas of application for existing commercial measuring systems, such as high-frequency aiming, autocollimation tasks or tracking of moving targets. MoDiTa is calibrated directly on site using image-processing and adjustment methods. The crosshair plane is captured for each image and provides identical points in the camera image as well as in the reference image. However, since the camera is not precisely coaxially mounted and movement of the camera cannot be ruled out, the camera is continuously observed during the entire measurement. Various image-processing algorithms determine the crosshairs in the image and compare the results to detect movement. In the following, we explain the self-calibration and the methods of crosshair detection as well as the necessary matching. We use exemplary results to show to what extent the parameters of self-calibration remain valid even if the distance and thus the focus between instrument and target object changes. Through this, one calibration is applicable for different distances and eliminates the need for repeated, time-consuming calibrations during typical applications.
“It Was Such a Different Experience”: a Qualitative Study of Parental Perinatal Experiences When Having a Subsequent Child After Having a Child Diagnosed with Autism
Authors: Cleary Dominique B. , Maybery Murray T. , Whitehouse Andrew J. O. , Evans Kiah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Children who have an older sibling diagnosed with autism have an increased likelihood of being diagnosed with autism or developing broader developmental difficulties. This study explored perinatal experiences of parents of a child diagnosed with autism, spanning pre-conception until the subsequent child’s early developmental period.

Methods
Qualitative interviews were conducted with ten parents of a child diagnosed with autism, and ten parents of a child with no neurodevelopmental diagnosis, each of whom had gone on to have a subsequent child. Thematic analysis occurred concurrently with data collection and involved comparisons between the two samples.

Results
Four themes were identified in relation to the perinatal period of a subsequent child following the autism diagnosis of an older child. These were parental experiences of “apprehension”, “adjustment”, and “adaptation”, underpinned by the “importance of support”. Many experiences of parenting were similar between the two groups, with comparison between the groups identifying the role of autism in an increased focus, concern, and hypervigilance to their child’s development.

Conclusions
Having a child diagnosed with autism intensifies some of the common experiences of parenting and infancy. The challenges identified by parents throughout the experience of parenting an infant after having a child diagnosed with autism indicate that the development of supports could help empower families in this situation going forwards.
Design considerations for robotically assembled through-tenon timber joints
Authors: Rogeau Nicolas , Gamerro Julien , Latteur Pierre , Weinand Yves 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis research investigates the robotic assembly of timber structures connected by wood–wood connections. As the digitization of the timber construction sector progresses, digital tools, such as industrial robotic arms and Computer Numerical Control machines, are becoming increasingly accessible. The new-found ease with which wood can be processed stimulates a renewed interest in traditional joinery, where pieces are simply interlocked instead of being connected by additional metallic parts. Previous research established a computational workflow for the robotic assembly of timber plate structures connected by wood–wood connections. This paper focuses on determining the physical conditions that allow inserting through-tenon joints with a robot. The main challenge lies in minimizing the clearance between the tenon and the mortise in order to keep the connections as tight as possible. An experimental protocol has, therefore, been developed to quantitatively assess the performance of the insertion according to different geometric parameters. Robotic insertion tests have been carried out on over 50 samples of 39 mm Laminated Veneer Lumber. Results showed the interest of tapering the joint with a 5 degrees angle, in addition to introducing an offset of 0.05 mm, to minimize friction forces during the insertion. This configuration was confirmed by successfully assembling a 2,50 m long box girder with the same parameters.
A quantum generative adversarial network for distributions
Authors: Assouel Amine , Jacquier Antoine , Kondratyev Alexei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent advances in Quantum Computing have shown that, despite the absence of a fault-tolerant quantum computer so far, quantum techniques are providing exponential advantage over their classical counterparts. We develop a fully connected Quantum Generative Adversarial network and show how it can be applied in Mathematical Finance, with a particular focus on volatility modelling.
Autonomous Wheel Off-Loading Strategies for Deep-Space CubeSats
Authors: Pizzetti Andrea , Rizza Antonio , Topputo Francesco 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeep-space CubeSats missions require careful trade-offs on design drivers such as mass, volume, and cost, while ensuring autonomous operations. This work elaborates the possibility of off-loading the reaction wheels without the need of carrying a bulky and expensive reaction control system or the field-dependent magnetotorquers. The momentum accumulated along two body axes can be removed by either offsetting the main thruster with a gimbal mechanism or by tilting differentially the solar wings. The dumping on the third axis can be still accomplished by imposing a specific attitude trajectory with the motion of either the gimbal or the arrays drive mechanism. The M-Argo CubeSat is selected as case study to test the techniques along its deep-space trajectory. The strategies decision-making is autonomously carried out by a state machine. The off-loading during the cruising arcs employs the gimballed thruster and takes typically 3 h, granting a mass savings of more than 99% with respect to the usage of a reaction control system. The trajectory is shown to have negligible differences with respect to the nominal one, since the thrust is corrected accordingly. During the coasting arcs, the solar arrays are tilted and several hours are required, depending on the Sun direction and intensity, but the propellant is completely saved. Sensitivity analyses are also carried out on the initial angular momentum components and the center of mass displacement to check the robustness of the algorithms.
Biologia Futura: endometrial microbiome affects endometrial receptivity from the perspective of the endometrial immune microenvironment
Authors: Wang Wenhui , Feng Dingqing , Ling Bin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe existence of Lactobacillus-led colonized bacteria in the endometrium of a healthy human has been reported in recent studies. Unlike the composition of the microbiome in the lower genital tract, that in the endometrium is different and closely associated with the physiological and pathological processes of gynecological diseases. For example, changing the immune microenvironment affects the receptivity of the endometrium, thereby leading to abnormal reproductive outcomes, such as embryo implantation failure and recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, the concrete functions and mechanisms of the endometrial microbiome have not been studied thoroughly. This review elaborates the research progress on the mechanisms by which the endometrial microbiome affects endometrial receptivity from the perspective of endometrial immune microenvironment regulation. Considering the lack of a unified evaluation method for the endometrial microbiome, as well as the lack of an optimal treatment protocol against recurrent spontaneous abortion, we also discussed the application of combining antibiotics with probiotics/prebiotics as precautionary measures.
Trust and trustworthiness in AI ethics
Authors: Reinhardt Karoline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to the extensive progress of research in artificial intelligence (AI) as well as its deployment and application, the public debate on AI systems has also gained momentum in recent years. With the publication of the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI (2019), notions of trust and trustworthiness gained particular attention within AI ethics-debates; despite an apparent consensus that AI should be trustworthy, it is less clear what trust and trustworthiness entail in the field of AI. In this paper, I give a detailed overview on the notion of trust employed in AI Ethics Guidelines thus far. Based on that, I assess their overlaps and their omissions from the perspective of practical philosophy. I argue that, currently, AI ethics tends to overload the notion of trustworthiness. It thus runs the risk of becoming a buzzword that cannot be operationalized into a working concept for AI research. What is needed, however, is an approach that is also informed with findings of the research on trust in other fields, for instance, in social sciences and humanities, especially in the field of practical philosophy. This paper is intended as a step in this direction.
Foliar application of thiourea, salicylic acid, and kinetin alleviate salinity stress in maize grown under etiolated and de-etiolated conditions
Authors: Granaz  , Shaukat Kanval , Baksh Ghous , Zahra Noreen , Hafeez Muhammad Bilal , Raza Ali , Samad Abdul , Nizar Mereen , Wahid Abdul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSalinity stress and the absence of light negatively impact growth and development of the plants. Morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of maize (Zea mays L.) get severely affected by salt stress and subdue light. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted under the prevailing environmental conditions of Turbat, Balochistan, to explore etiolation and the de-etiolation response of maize hybrid (SP-17S23) to salinity stress under exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs). Maize seedlings in three sets, i.e., non-etiolated, etiolated, de-etiolated, subjected to salinity stress (120 mM NaCl) after 15 days of seed germination. After a week, the seedlings were sprayed with optimized levels of different PGRs, including thiourea (TU; 10 mM), salicylic acid (SA; 250 µM), and kinetin (KIN; 3 µM). Salinity stress hampered plant growth and affected morpho-physiological attributes. However, PGRs foliar treatment proved effective, thus ameliorating the impact of salinity and etiolation on maize seedlings. Growth attributes (root/shoot length, leaf area, root/shoot fresh and dry weight), photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, b and carotenoids) were significantly enhanced under the foliar treatment of PGRs, especially under TU and KIN treatments. However, the oxidative damage parameters, i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), decreased under the treatment of PGRs, thereby protecting seedlings under salinity and etiolated conditions. Overall, PGRs enhanced tolerance potential of plants under salinity stress with the consideration of light variations remain the key concern for developing healthy and vigor seedling strands.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ion Extraction from Nanodroplets for Ionic Liquid Electrospray Thrusters
Authors: Enomoto Takaaki , Parmar Shehan M. , Yamada Ryohei , Wirz Richard E. , Takao Yoshinori 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for ion extraction from electrospray thrusters to investigate relevant extraction processes numerically. To approximate the electrospray jet tip, a simulation domain consisting of 4-5 nm-sized ionic liquid droplets was used. The extracted ion angles and kinetic energies from EMI–BF4 (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) and EMI–Im (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide) droplets were quantified by applying uniform electric fields of 1.3–1.7 V nm−1. The MD simulations are in great agreement with simulations presented in the literature and consistently show a greater preference for monomer emission than reported experimentally. At field strengths above 1.5 V nm−1, apparent droplet fracturing and breakup lead to an increase in ion angular velocity distributions. Greater mobility of EMI–BF4 ions than EMI–Im was also observed, indicative of the crucial role of cation-anion hydrogen bond strengths in ion extraction and beam composition between different propellants.
Urban and agricultural land use regulates the molecular composition and bio-lability of fluvial dissolved organic matter in human-impacted southeastern China
Authors: Hu Xiaosi , Zhou Yongqiang , Zhou Lei , Zhang Yunlin , Wu Li , Xu Hai , Zhu Guangwei , Jang Kyoung-Soon , Spencer Robert G. M. , Jeppesen Erik , Brookes Justin D. , Wu Fengchang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrbanization and agricultural land use can increase the transport of nutrients to fluvial ecosystems; yet, the overall impact of urban and nonpoint agricultural inputs on the composition, bio-lability, and the fate of fluvial dissolved organic matter (DOM) remains poorly understood. We investigated the optical and molecular composition and bio-lability of DOM in 76 streams and rivers with varying sizes of catchment area (1 ~ 4850 km2) along large gradients of urban and agricultural land use. Optical spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) were used to determine the chemical composition of DOM, and laboratory bio-incubations were used to assess DOM bio-lability. We found that urban and agricultural land use intensification was associated with the reduced relative contribution of DOM from pristine soils, enriched dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and higher contributions of aliphatic and peptide-like DOM, as well as enrichment of N- and S-containing molecular formulae. Specifically, FT-ICR MS revealed that the relative abundance of CHO-containing formulae decreased while that of CHOS-containing formulae increased with increasing urban land use. DOM bio-availability was higher in rivers draining urbanized and agricultural landscapes and was related to decreased DOM aromaticity and increased proportions of energy-rich aliphatic formulae. Our results suggested that DOM from urbanized and agricultural catchments significantly altered the chemical composition and bio-availability of DOM with potential effects on ecosystem metabolism and the fate of organic carbon in the downstream-linked streams and rivers. Anthropogenic disturbances may thus boost the microbial processing of organic carbon, including uptake, retention, and outgassing in the impacted ecosystems.
Graphical Abstract
High Sensitivity of Shotgun Metagenomic Sequencing in Colon Tissue Biopsy by Host DNA Depletion
Authors: Cheng Wing Yin , Liu Wei-Xin , Ding Yanqiang , Wang Guoping , Shi Yu , Chu Eagle S.H. , Wong Sunny , Sung Joseph J.Y. , Yu Jun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The high host genetic background of tissue biopsies hinders the application of shotgun metagenomic sequencing in characterizing the tissue microbiota. We proposed an optimized method that removed host DNA from colon biopsies and examined the effect on metagenomic analysis. Human or mouse colon biopsies were divided into two groups, with one group undergoing host DNA depletion and the other serving as the control. Host DNA was removed through differential lysis of mammalian and bacterial cells before sequencing. The impact of host DNA depletion on microbiota was compared based on phylogenetic diversity analyses and regression analyses. Removing host DNA enhanced bacterial sequencing depth and improved species discovery, increasing bacterial reads by 2.46 ± 0.20 folds while reducing host reads by 6.80% ± 1.06%. Moreover, 2.40 times more of bacterial species were detected after host DNA depletion. This was confirmed from mouse colon tissues, increasing bacterial reads by 5.46 ± 0.42 folds while decreasing host reads by 10.2% ± 0.83%. Similarly, significantly more bacterial species were detected in the mouse colon tissue upon host DNA depletion (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, an increased microbial richness was evident in the host DNA-depleted samples compared with non-depleted controls in human colon biopsies and mouse colon tissues (P &lt; 0.001). Our optimized method of host DNA depletion improves the sensitivity of shotgun metagenomic sequencing in bacteria detection in the biopsy, which may yield a more accurate taxonomic profile of the tissue microbiota and identify bacteria that are important for disease initiation or progression.
Record power and efficient mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in germania fiber with high stability
Authors: Yang Linyong , Yang Yukun , Zhang Bin , Zhu Xiran , Zhao Desheng , Liu Shuailin , Hou Jing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We report the demonstration of a mid-infrared (MIR) supercontinuum (SC) laser delivering a record-breaking average output power of more than 40 W with a long-wavelength edge up to 3.5 μm. The all-fiberized configuration was composed of a thulium-doped fiber amplifier system emitting a broadband spectrum covering 1.9–2.6 μm with pulse repetition rate of 3 MHz, and a short piece of germania fiber. A 41.9 W MIR SC with a whole spectrum of 1.9–3.5 μm was generated in a piece of 0.2-m-long germania fiber, with a power conversion efficiency of 71.4%. For an even shorter germania fiber (0.1 m), an SC with even higher output power of 44.9 W (corresponding to a conversion efficiency of 76.5%) was obtained, but the energy conversion toward the long-wavelength region was slightly limited. A continuous operation for 1 hour with output power of 32.6 W showed outstanding power stability (root mean square 0.17%) of the obtained SC laser. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, this work demonstrates the feasibility of germania fiber on generating a 40-W level MIR SC with high efficiency and excellent power stability, paving the way to real applications requiring high power and high reliability of MIR SC lasers.
“That They May Vomit Out Their Folly”: The Gut-Mind Axis and Hellebore in Early Modern England
Authors: Walkden Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article explores the early modern understanding of the gut-mind relationship through a study of the beliefs and practices surrounding the hellebore plant in seventeenth-century England. Hellebore has been strongly associated with mental illness for most of recorded European history, and it is only during the past two centuries that it has lost this association. Taking a phenomenological approach, I demonstrate that the study of this specific plant, its representations, and its practices is significant not just to plant folklorists and medical historians but also to wider histories of culture, religion, emotion, and the body. The use of hellebore as a treatment for disorders of the mind reveals a fully embodied view of emotion in which the gut played a key role in shaping subjective experience. It also reflects a potently negative understanding of emotion as excremental matter, as something inherently impure, dangerous, and evil, warranting a violent remedy that was as punitive as it was therapeutic. By analyzing medical sources—herbals, pharmacopoeias, practitioners’ casebooks, and domestic receipt books—alongside devotional literature and religious polemic, I show that hellebore's symbolic importance was inseparable from its practical use as a treatment for mental illness, which depended upon an understanding of emotion and religious identity that accorded vital significance to the relationship between belly and brain.
FINITIST AXIOMATIC TRUTH
Authors: KENTARO SATO , WALKER JAN 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFollowing the finitist’s rejection of the complete totality of the natural numbers, a finitist language allows only propositional connectives and bounded quantifiers in the formula-construction but not unbounded quantifiers. This is opposed to the currently standard framework, a first-order language. We conduct axiomatic studies on the notion of truth in the framework of finitist arithmetic in which at least smash function
$\#$
is available. We propose finitist variants of Tarski ramified truth theories up to rank
$\omega $
, of Kripke–Feferman truth theory and of Friedman–Sheard truth theory, and show that all of these have the same strength as the finitist arithmetic of one higher level along Grzegorczyk hierarchy. On the other hand, we also show that adding Burgess-style groundedness schema, adjusted to the finitist setting, makes Kripke–Feferman truth theory as strong as primitive recursive arithmetic. Meanwhile, we obtain some basic results on finitist theories of (full and hat) inductive definitions and on the second order axiom of hat inductive definitions for positive operators.
Effectiveness of enhancing contact model on reducing family caregiving burden and improving psychological wellbeing among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia in rural China
Authors: Wang Yi-Zhou , Weng Xue , Zhang Tian-Ming , Li Ming , Luo Wei , Wong Yin-Ling Irene , Yang Lawrence H. , Thornicroft Graham , Lu Lin , Ran Mao-Sheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether the enhancing contact model (ECM) intervention is effective in reducing family caregiving burden and improving hope and quality of life (QOL) among family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia (FCPWS).MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in FCPWS in eight rural townships in Xinjin, Chengdu, China. In total, 253 FCPWS were randomly allocated to the ECM, psychoeducational family intervention (PFI), or treatment as usual (TAU) group. FCPWS in three groups were assessed caregiving burden, QOL and state of hope at baseline (T0), post-intervention (T1), 3-month (T2), and 9-month (T3) follow-up, respectively.ResultsCompared with participants in the TAU group, participants in the ECM group had statistically significantly lower caregiving burden scores both at T1 and T2 (p = 0.0059 and 0.0257, respectively). Compared with participants in the TAU group, participants in the PFI group had statistically significantly higher QOL scores in T1 (p = 0.0406), while participants in the ECM group had statistically significantly higher QOL scores in T3 (p = 0.0240). Participants in both ECM and PFI groups had statistically significantly higher hope scores than those in the TAU group at T1 (p = 0.0160 and 0.0486, respectively).ConclusionsThis is the first study to explore the effectiveness of ECM on reducing family caregiving burden and improving hope and QOL in rural China. The results indicate the ECM intervention, a comprehensive and multifaceted intervention, is more effective than the PFI in various aspects of mental wellbeing among FCPWS. Future research needs to confirm ECM's effectiveness in various population.