bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental health status of women in reproductive age group and its determinants in rural Odisha, India using GHQ 12 questionnaire
Authors: Kar Sonali , Samantaray Pramod 
Published: December 2022

Background: The study was conceived with support from the Department of Health Research (DHR), India to use the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), to screen women in the reproductive age group, stratified for pregnant, lactating, and nonpregnant and non-lactate women (NPNL), for their mental health status and examine it with their social background to understand the influences around their mental health. Methods: By multistage sampling, subcenters were selected from 6 districts; women in the 3 groups were selected proportionately in each district, and data was collected on the basis of a pre-tested, pre-designed questionnaire along with the GHQ-12. Results: Results showed GHQ-12 scores across the 3 categories of women are nearly the same with no significant difference (p=0.91). The higher GHQ (scores >11 to 36) were also noted to be equal for pregnant and lactating women i.e. 41.4% and mildly less for NPNL women 40.7%, reaffirming that pregnancy and the postnatal period add more stress to the woman’s life. Age of the women, age at marriage, hemoglobin levels, and poor Iron Folic Acid (IFA) intake were common predictors for poor mental health in all the 3 strata. Conclusions: The study suggests that psychological stressors are cross-sectionally present in all three groups of women in the reproductive age group and all three strata need equal focus. Above 40% distress in mental health in women in all strata of the reproductive age group (ie pregnant women, post-natal women, and women not pregnant or lactating) is appalling, contrary to the general opinion that post-natal women alone face mental health compromise. Hence, the life cycle approach is recommended for best results.
The odd log-logistic generalized exponential distribution: Application on survival times of chemotherapy patients data
Authors: Fulment Arnold K. , Gadde Srinivasa Rao , Peter Josephat K. 
Published: December 2022

Background: The creation of developing new generalized classes of distributions has attracted applied and theoretical statisticians owing to their properties of flexibility. The development of generalized distribution aims to find distribution flexibility and suitability for available data. In this decade, most authors have developed classes of distributions that are new, to become valuable for applied researchers. Methods: This study aims to develop the odd log-logistic generalized exponential distribution (OLLGED), one of the lifetime newly generated distributions in the field of statistics. The advantage of the newly generated distribution is the heavily tailed distributed lifetime data set. Most of the probabilistic properties are derived including generating functions, moments, and quantile and order statistics. Results: Estimation of the model parameter is done by the maximum likelihood method. The performance of parametric estimation is studied through simulation. Application of OLLGED and its flexibilities is done using two data sets and while its performance is done on the randomly simulated data set. Conclusions: The application and flexibility of the OLLGED are ensured through empirical observation using two sets of lifetime data, establishing that the proposed OLLGED can provide a better fit in comparison to existing rival models, such as odd generalized log-logistic, type-II generalized log-logistic, exponential distributions, odd exponential log-logistic, generalized exponential, and log-logistic.
Oral manifestations associated with Novel Coronavirus Disease - 2019 (COVID-19): A questionnaire based hypothetical study
Authors: MOHAMMED FARAZ , FAIROZEKHAN ARISHIYA THAPASUM , MOHAMED SHAMAZ , ALMOUMEN SAUD ABDULLAH , BUGSHAN AMR S. , ALMOMEN ZAINAB I. , ALMOMEN AMINAH MOHAMMAD , M SHASHI KIRAN , ALMULHIM KHALID S. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Since the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in 2019, the virus has evolved drastically, presenting with sets of mutations that influence its properties, including transmissibility and antigenicity. The oral mucosa is postulated as probable portal entry and several oral manifestations have been identified, which places dental professionals in a position to recognize probable COVID-19 patients depending on oral signs and symptoms in the initial phases of the disease itself. As co-existing with COVID-19 seems to be a new reality, greater understanding is required regarding early oral signs and symptoms which can be predictors for timely intervention and prevention of complications in COVID-19 patients. The objective of the study is to identify the distinguishing oral signs and symptoms among COVID-19 patients and to establish possible correlation between severity of COVID-19 infection and oral symptoms. Methods: This study recruited 179 ambulatory, non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province's designated hotels for COVID-19 and home isolated patients from the same region using a convenience sample method. Data was collected by qualified and experienced investigators, including two physicians and three dentists, using a validated comprehensive questionnaire through telephonic interviews with the participants. The X2 was used to assess the categorical variables, and odd's ratio was calculated to determine the strength of the association between general symptoms and oral manifestations. Results: Oral and nasopharyngeal lesions or conditions like loss of smell and taste, xerostomia, sore throat, and burning sensation were predictors of COVID-19-related systemic symptoms such as cough, fatigue, fever, and nasal congestion were identified to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study reveals the occurrence of olfactory or taste dysfunction, dry mouth, sore throat, and burning sensation along with COVID-19 generic symptoms, should be considered as suggestive yet not conclusive indicators of COVID-19.
Executives in Politics
Authors: Babenko Ilona , Fedaseyeu Viktar , Zhang Song 
Published: December 2022

We study the involvement of corporate executives in U.S. politics over the last 40 years. First, we document that the share of business politicians in federal elected office increased from 13.3% in 1980% to 22.6% in 2018, with most of the increase occurring over the last two decades. Second, we find that business politicians enjoy an early fundraising advantage over their opponents, both because they are more likely to self-fund their campaigns and because they receive more campaign contributions from their firms. Third, the election of business politicians benefits their industries and firms, which experience positive abnormal stock returns when their executives win political office. We also show that business politicians, once elected, vote for policies that shift the balance of power toward corporate interests. Using close elections for identification, we show that this policy shift cannot be attributed solely to the changes in the underlying preferences of the electorate. Overall, our results indicate that corporate executives have become more involved in U.S. politics and that this involvement has benefited business interests and affected aggregate legislative outcomes. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: The authors thank the Digital Age Management Research Area at the China Europe International Business School (CEIBS) and Centre for Applied Research on International Markets, Banking, Finance and Regulation (BAFFI CAREFIN) at Bocconi University for financial support. The Area and the Center played no role in study design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4595 .
Capturing Travel Mode Adoption in Designing On-Demand Multimodal Transit Systems
Authors: Basciftci Beste , Van Hentenryck Pascal 
Published: December 2022

This paper studies how to integrate rider mode preferences into the design of on-demand multimodal transit systems (ODMTSs). It is motivated by a common worry in transit agencies that an ODMTS may be poorly designed if the latent demand, that is, new riders adopting the system, is not captured. This paper proposes a bilevel optimization model to address this challenge, in which the leader problem determines the ODMTS design, and the follower problems identify the most cost efficient and convenient route for riders under the chosen design. The leader model contains a choice model for every potential rider that determines whether the rider adopts the ODMTS given her proposed route. To solve the bilevel optimization model, the paper proposes an exact decomposition method that includes Benders optimal cuts and no-good cuts to ensure the consistency of the rider choices in the leader and follower problems. Moreover, to improve computational efficiency, the paper proposes upper and lower bounds on trip durations for the follower problems, valid inequalities that strengthen the no-good cuts, and approaches to reduce the problem size with problem-specific preprocessing techniques. The proposed method is validated using an extensive computational study on a real data set from the Ann Arbor Area Transportation Authority, the transit agency for the broader Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti region in Michigan. The study considers the impact of a number of factors, including the price of on-demand shuttles, the number of hubs, and access to transit systems criteria. The designed ODMTSs feature high adoption rates and significantly shorter trip durations compared with the existing transit system and highlight the benefits of ensuring access for low-income riders. Finally, the computational study demonstrates the efficiency of the decomposition method for the case study and the benefits of computational enhancements that improve the baseline method by several orders of magnitude. Funding: This research was partly supported by National Science Foundation [Leap HI Proposal NSF-1854684] and the Department of Energy [Research Award 7F-30154].
Accurate compensation and prediction of the temperature cross-sensitivity of tilted FBG cladding mode resonances
Authors: Imas J. J. , Bai X. , Zamarreño C. R. , Matías I. R. , Albert J. 
Published: December 2022

The temperature dependence of core mode resonance has been thoroughly studied in fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs), but it is not the case for cladding mode resonances in multi-resonance gratings such as tilted FBGs (TFBGs). In this work, the temperature sensitivity of ultraviolet written TFBGs in SMF-28 fibers is assessed, demonstrating in the first, to the best of our knowledge, place that a single gauge factor

K
T

=

6.25

⋅

10

−
6

±

0.02

⋅

10

−
6

∘

C

−
1

can be employed to characterize the response to temperature of the resonances over the full spectrum in the 10°–50°C range. Then, a simulation model is obtained, enabling to predict TFBG spectra in the 10°–50°C range with high accuracy. This requires a calibration of the core index and dispersion of the TFBG measured in air at 25°C, and determination of the glass refractive index thermo-optic coefficient (

d
n

/

d
T
=

8.46
⋅

10

−
6

±
0.1
⋅

10

−
6

∘

C

−
1

, common to both core and cladding glasses), leading to a mean error on the wavelength position of resonances between 1 and 3 pm. This mean error can be further reduced (less than 1 pm) by considering a linear dependence with temperature of

d
n

/

d
T

. Therefore, this model will enable to completely remove the temperature-induced shifts of all resonances in TFBG sensing applications and measure with great accuracy the variables of interest by using the scaled averages of groups of resonances instead of (less accurate) individual shifts.
Blazed subwavelength grating coupler
Authors: Guo Rongxiang , Zhang Shujiao , Gao Haoran , Senthil Murugan Ganapathy , Liu Tiegen , Cheng Zhenzhou 
Published: December 2022

Short-wavelength mid-infrared (2–2.5 μm wave band) silicon photonics has been a growing area to boost the applications of integrated optoelectronics in free-space optical communications, laser ranging, and biochemical sensing. In this spectral region, multi-project wafer foundry services developed for the telecommunication band are easily adaptable with the low intrinsic optical absorption from silicon and silicon dioxide materials. However, light coupling techniques at 2–2.5 μm wavelengths, namely, grating couplers, still suffer from low efficiencies, mainly due to the moderated directionality and poor diffraction-field tailoring capability. Here, we demonstrate a foundry-processed blazed subwavelength coupler for high-efficiency, wide-bandwidth, and large-tolerance light coupling. We subtly design multi-step-etched hybrid subwavelength grating structures to significantly improve directionality, as well as an apodized structure to tailor the coupling strength for improving the optical mode overlap and backreflection. Experimental results show that the grating coupler has a recorded coupling efficiency of

−
4.53

dB

at a wavelength of 2336 nm with a 3-dB bandwidth of

∼
107

nm

. The study opens an avenue to developing state-of-the-art light coupling techniques for short-wavelength mid-infrared silicon photonics.
Self-synchronized temporal-spectral characterization system for revealing ultrafast fiber laser dynamics
Authors: Cao Yulong , Chang Zhenghu , Wu Qiang , Huang Jingsheng , Dang Laiyang , Liu Ai , Luo Yiyang , Huang Ligang , Huang Wei , Gao Lei , Zhu Tao 
Published: December 2022

Due to the electronic bottleneck limited real-time measurement speed of common temporal-spectral detection and the particle-like nature of optical soliton enabled nonrepeatable transient behaviors, capturing the ultrafast laser pulses with unknown times of arrival and synchronously characterizing their temporal-spectral dynamic evolution is still a challenge. Here, using the Raman soliton frequency shift based temporal magnifier and dispersive Fourier transform based spectral analyzer, we demonstrate a self-synchronized, ultrafast temporal-spectral characterization system with a resolution of 160 fs and 0.05 nm, and a recording length above milliseconds. The synchronized nonlinear process makes it possible to image full-filled temporal sub-picosecond pulse trains regardless of their arrival times and without extra pump lasers and photoelectric conversion devices. To demonstrate the significance of this improvement, a buildup dynamic process of a soliton laser with a complex breakup and collisions of multisolitons is visually displayed in the spectral and temporal domains. The soliton dynamic evolution processes observed by our characterization system are in one-to-one correspondence with the numerical simulation results. We believe this work provides a new multidimensional technique to break the electronic bottleneck to gain additional insight into the dynamics of ultrafast lasers and nonlinear science.
Epidemiological characteristics of imported acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou, China, 2005–2019
Authors: Liu Wen-Hui , Shi Chen , Lu Ying , Luo Lei , Ou Chun-Quan 
Published: December 2022

Background
The global spread of infectious diseases is currently a prominent threat to public health, with the accelerating pace of globalization and frequent international personnel intercourse. The present study examined the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported cases of acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou, China.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated the distribution of diseases, demographic characteristics, and temporal and spatial variations of imported cases of acute infectious diseases in Guangzhou based on the surveillance data of notifiable infectious diseases from 2005 to 2019, provided by Guangzhou center for Disease Control and Prevention. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was applied to examine the trend in the number of imported cases over time.

Results
A total of 1,025 overseas imported cases of acute infectious diseases were identified during the study period. The top three diseases were dengue (67.12%), malaria (12.39%), and influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 (4.10%). Imported cases were predominantly males, with a sex ratio of 2.6: 1 and 75.22% of the cases were those aged 20–49 years. Businessmen, workers, students and unemployed persons accounted for a large proportion of the cases (68.49%) and many of the cases came from Southeast Asia (59.02%). The number of imported cases of acute infectious diseases increased during the study period and hit 318 in 2019. A clear seasonal pattern was observed in the number of imported cases with a peak period between June and November. Imported cases were reported in all of the 11 districts in Guangzhou and the central districts were more seriously affected compared with other districts.

Conclusions
The burden of dengue imported from overseas was substantial and increasing in Guangzhou, China, with the peak period from June to November. Dengue was the most common imported disease. Most imported cases were males aged 20–49 years and businessmen. Further efforts, such as strengthening surveillance of imported cases, paying close attention to the epidemics in hotspots, and improving the ability to detect the imported cases from overseas, are warranted to control infectious diseases especially in the center of the city with a higher population density highly affected by imported cases.
Income inequality and its relationship with loneliness prevalence: A cross-sectional study among older adults in the US and 16 European countries
Authors: Tapia-Muñoz Thamara , Staudinger Ursula M. , Allel Kasim , Steptoe Andrew , Miranda-Castillo Claudia , Medina José T. , Calvo Esteban 
Published: December 2022

Backgrounds
The prevalence of loneliness increases among older adults, varies across countries, and is related to within-country socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health factors. The 2000–2019 pooled prevalence of loneliness among adults 60 years and older went from 5.2% in Northern Europe to 24% in Eastern Europe, while in the US was 56% in 2012. The relationship between country-level factors and loneliness, however, has been underexplored. Because income inequality shapes material conditions and relative social deprivation and has been related to loneliness in 11 European countries, we expected a relationship between income inequality and loneliness in the US and 16 European countries.

Methods
We used secondary cross-sectional data for 75,891 adults age 50+ from HRS (US 2014), ELSA (England, 2014), and SHARE (15 European countries, 2013). Loneliness was measured using the R-UCLA three-item scale. We employed hierarchical logistic regressions to analyse whether income inequality (GINI coefficient) was associated with loneliness prevalence.

Results
The prevalence of loneliness was 25.32% in the US (HRS), 17.55% in England (ELSA) and ranged from 5.12% to 20.15% in European countries (SHARE). Older adults living in countries with higher income inequality were more likely to report loneliness, even after adjusting for the sociodemographic composition of the countries and their Gross Domestic Products per capita (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.17–1.97).

Discussion
Greater country-level income inequality was associated with higher prevalence of loneliness over and above individual-level sociodemographics. The present study is the first attempt to explore income inequality as a predictor of loneliness prevalence among older adults in the US and 16 European countries. Addressing income distribution and the underlying experience of relative deprivation might be an opportunity to improve older adults’ life expectancy and wellbeing by reducing loneliness prevalence.
Viagem pictórica religiosa
Authors: Castro Maria João 
Published: December 2022

Após sessenta anos de clausura, a abertura provisória do Mosteiro da Cartuxa de Santa Maria Scala Coeli de Évora permitiu apreciar, ao vivo, a arte de um monge-pintor cuja valência possibilitou a constituição de um acervo que não se circunscreve à temática religiosa mas vai muito para além dela.
A reflexão proposta pretende pois enunciar parte da produção artística de Frei Miguel a partir de uma sensibilidade vivida em reclusão e traduzida em telas de cunho fortemente contemplativo e luminoso que o tornam num retratista e paisagística fora do comum.
Na verdade, a oportunidade única de apreciar algumas das suas composições elaboradas em contexto cartusiano foi o axioma para um debruçar mais abrangente sobre a obra deixada cruzando-se viagem pictórica e religiosa no espaço de uma vida.
Grandes obras para pequenos leitores
Authors: Lage Otília , Sequeira Carla 
Published: December 2022

Sob o crescente impacto das tendências à escala internacional, em particular no mundo anglo-saxónico desde 2004, de consolidação da área inter/transdisciplinar das Humanidades Digitais (HD) este novo domínio de investigação tem vindo a registar em Portugal e na língua portuguesa, sobretudo a partir de 2010, um movimento progressivamente mais amplo de renovação dos discursos e práticas de afirmação e integração de metodologias digitais em particular nas Humanidades e Ciências Sociais. As HD têm conseguido congregar uma comunidade de investigadores que tende a crescer e a afirmar-se (Alves, 2016a e b), embora numa cartografia global deste novo paradigma de investigação, no que toca a patrimónios de língua portuguesa, se possa constatar um desempenho inferior ao de outras tradições e culturas, nomeadamente de matriz anglo-saxónica (Pereira, 2015: 110-140).
Assim, o presente artigo, tem por objectivo fazer, através de bibliografia de referência transdisciplinar uma aproximação sucinta ao estado da arte das HD em Portugal e em língua portuguesa, num âmbito de curto prazo. Com este enquadramento e por motivação inerente à nossa participação como investigadoras responsáveis no projecto “Raul Brandão e relações intergeracionais na interface humanidades digitais”, visa-se ainda apresentar um estudo experimental de extensão educativa digital online, numa perspectiva de reflexão crítico-analítica.
ADVERSE EVENTS RELATED TO SARS-COV-2 VACCINE IN A NATIONWIDE COHORT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: Mahmud Nadim , Reinisch Walter , Patel Manthankumar , Sundararajan Ramaswamy , Khan Nabeel 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
There is limited data on the safety profile of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among patients taking immunosuppressive medications. Our aim was to evaluate the adverse events related to the vaccines in a nationwide cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients on diverse immunosuppressive medications.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). The primary outcome was any adverse event of special interest, (cerebrovascular accident, venous thromboembolism, acute myocardial infarction, Bell’s palsy) within 90 days of vaccination.

RESULTS:
A total of 17,201 patients were included. 12,351 (71.8%) received at least 1 vaccine dose. The most common adverse events were acute myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism. In inverse probability treatment weighting-adjusted logistic regression, full vaccination was not significantly associated with increased adverse events through 90 days, relative to unvaccinated patients.

CONCLUSION:
Full SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was not associated with an increased rate of key adverse events relative to unvaccinated individuals among IBD patients