bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha-Pinene alleviates motor activity in animal model of Huntington’s disease via enhancing antioxidant capacity
Authors: Rahmani Helia , Moloudi Mohammad	Raman , Hashemi Paria , Hassanzadeh Kambiz , Izadpanah Esmael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Huntington's disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative, and inherited disease. Antioxidants have been shown effective in slowing disease progression in animal models of HD and are under investigation in human clinical trials. α-Pinene, a polyphenolic compound of the terpene family, has been shown to exert antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of α-pinene on animal model of HD. Thirty-two male Wistar rats received 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) for induction of the disease model or treated with α-pinene + 3-NP in different groups. Motor skill, and biochemical evaluations to detect oxidant/antioxidant markers in rat cortex and striatum were performed in all groups. We found that α-pinene significantly improved 3-NP-induced changes in the body weight, rotarod activity, time taken to cross the narrow beam, and locomotor activity. Biochemical analysis revealed that α-pinene significantly decreased the 3NP-induced elevation in oxidant markers, nitrite, and malondialdehyde in both cortex and striatum. In addition, α-pinene counteracted the 3NP-induced fall in antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione in the cortex and striatum. In conclusion, we found that α-pinene prevented the motor dysfunction induced by 3-NP in the animal model of Huntington’s disease. Oxidants-antioxidant balance might be involved in the protective effect of α-pinene.
Working from home: Impacts on mental and physical health of Canadian employees during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Somasundram Kumara G. , Hackney Amy , Yung Marcus , Oakman Jodi , Nowrouzi-Kia Behdin , Yazdani Amin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed various aspects of our lives, including how we work. Since the start of the pandemic, numerous organizations in Canada have mandated their employees to work from home (WFH) on a full-time basis. The rapid rise in the number of remote workers and the possibility for WFH continuing in the future signifies the importance of understanding the impacts of WFH on employee well-being over the course of the pandemic in Canada. We present the findings of two surveys (initial and 6-month follow-up) to investigate the effects of mandatory WFH arrangements on worker health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. We examined the changes in employees’ mental and physical health. Initial survey was completed between October 2020 and December 2020 (n = 1617); follow-up survey was completed between May 2021 and June 2021 (n = 382). Our analyses showed significant changes in various aspects of employee mental and physical health. Burnout, stress, general mental health, and job insecurity levels significantly decreased between the two time periods. Work-related sedentary behaviour reduced over time; however, the average proportion of time spent sitting during work hours was more than 80% in both surveys. Employees received more help and feedback from their colleagues and experienced a better sense of community with their co-workers over time. The findings can inform workers and organizations on the mental and physical health effects of mandatory WFH arrangements. By understanding the impacts of WFH, employers can develop effective strategies and implement policies that help protect workers’ health and well-being.
Industrial Wastewater Source Tracing: The Initiative of SERS Spectral Signature Aided with One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Huang Yuting , Yuan Bingxue , Wang Xueqing , Dai Yongsheng , Wang Dongmei , Gong Zhengjun , Chen Junmin , Shen Li , Fan Meikun , Li Zhilin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Here, the advanced one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) approach was applied to accurately identify the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectral signature of industrial wastewaters for source tracing. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were prepared as the label-free SERS substrate, and 66,000 SERS spectra were acquired from wastewaters of 22 facilities across 10 industrial categories at three excitation wavelengths after data augmentation. The superiority of SERS spectra in capturing the wastewaters’ characteristics can be intuitively reflected by the principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, the 1D-CNN model consisting of three convolutional units was built to achieve effective feature extract of SERS spectra. The pre-trained 1D-CNN can distinguish the effluents with a 100% recognition accuracy rate at each excitation wavelength. In comparison, random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM), more common classification techniques, achieve averaged accuracies of 54.08% and 72.39%, respectively. As a proof-of-concept, the multi-mixed wastewater samples were used to simulate the practical pollution scenarios, and the identification accuracy rate of the wastewater tracing model can reach 97.33% at 638 nm. The results suggest that the SERS combined with the 1D-CNN model can achieve rapid classification and accurate identification of industrial wastewaters even in complex environments, exhibiting a significant application potential in pollution source tracing.
Historical regional climate changes in Japan assessed from a long-term 5 km dynamical downscaling of JRA-55
Authors: Kawase Hiroaki , Fukui Shin , Nosaka Masaya , Watanabe Shun-ichi I , Otomo Keishi , Murata Akihiko , Murazaki Kazuyo , Nakaegawa Tosiyuki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We investigate historical regional climate changes in Japan from 1959 to 2020, analyzing a high-resolution dynamical downscaling forced by the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55). One-year continuous simulations are conducted by the non-hydrostatic regional climate model (NHRCM) with a land surface model that includes the snow accumulation process, which enables us to evaluate the seasonal variation of snow cover in all of Japan. Our simulation reproduces interannual variations of the annual mean surface air temperature and annual total precipitation, and it shows rapid warming since around 1980. The frequency of daily precipitation exceeding 100 mm/day and annual maximum daily precipitation are also well simulated; both show increasing trends as with the observations. The frequency of hourly precipitation of more than 50 mm/h significantly increased in most regions of Japan after 1981. On the other hand, the annual maximum snow depth and annual maximum daily snowfall show significant decreasing trends at lower elevations on the Japan Sea sides of eastern and western Japan. Areas at higher elevations in eastern Japan show no trend in the maximum snow depth and a significant increasing trend in the maximum daily snowfall. In northern Japan, altitudinal dependencies in snow depth and snowfall changes are smaller on the Japan Sea side than on the Pacific Ocean side: the Japan Sea side shows insignificant changes in snow depth at all elevations, while the Pacific Ocean side shows decreasing and significant increasing trends at lower and higher elevations, respectively. The total number of snow-covered days is decreasing at most elevations in all regions, while the rate of decrease is smaller at higher elevations and latitudes.
Updated Stroke Gene Panels: Rapid evolution of knowledge on monogenic causes of stroke
Authors: Ilinca Andreea , Puschmann Andreas , Putaala Jukka , de Leeuw Frank Erik , Cole John , Kittner Steven , Kristoffersson Ulf , Lindgren Arne G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article updates our previous Stroke Gene Panels (SGP) from 2017. Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and PubMed were searched. We divided detected genes into two SGP groups, SGP1: genes reported in at least one person with stroke and associated with one or more clinical subgroups: large artery atherosclerotic, large artery non-atherosclerotic (tortuosity, dolichoectasia, aneurysm, non-atherosclerotic dissection or occlusion), cerebral small vessel diseases, cardio-embolic (arrhythmia, heart defect, cardiomyopathy), coagulation dysfunctions (venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, bleeding tendency), intracerebral hemorrhage, vascular malformations (cavernoma, arteriovenous malformations) and metabolism disorders; and SGP2: genes related to diseases that may cause stroke. We identified 168 SGP1 genes, 70 of these were validated for clinical practice. We also detected 72 SGP2 genes. Nine genes were removed because of conflicting evidence. The number of genes increased from 168 to 240 during 4.5-years, reflecting a dynamic evolution and the need for regular updates for research and clinical use.
“After all, we are all sick”: Multi-stakeholder understandings of stigma associated with integrated management of HIV, diabetes and hypertension at selected government clinics in Uganda
Authors: Akugizibwe Mathias , Zalwango Flavia , Chaka Moreen Namulundu , Namakoola Ivan , Birungi Josephine , Okebe Joseph , Bachmann Max , Jamie Murdoch , Jaffar Shabbar , Hout Marie Claire Van 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Integrated care is increasingly used to manage chronic conditions. In Uganda, the integration of HIV, diabetes and hypertension care has been piloted leveraging the well facilitated and established HIV health care provision structures. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the perceptions and experiences of patients, health care providers, clinical researchers, representatives from international NGOs, community members/leaders and policy makers on integrated management of HIV, diabetes and hypertension at selected government clinics in Central Uganda. Methods: We adopted a qualitative-observational design and participants were purposively selected. In-depth interviews were conducted with patients and with health care providers, clinical researchers, policy makers, and representatives from international NGOs. Focus group discussions were conducted with community members and leaders. Clinical procedures in the integrated care clinic were also observed. Data were managed using Nvivo 12 and analyzed thematically.Results: Triangulated findings revealed perceptions of integration reducing the frequency with which patients with comorbidities (HIV, diabetes, hypertension) visited health facilities, reduced the associated treatment costs, increased interpersonal relationships among patients and healthcare providers, and promoted capacity of health care providers to manage multiple chronic conditions. Integration also reduced stigma mainly through creating opportunities for health education, which allayed patient fears and increased their resolve to enroll for and adhere to treatment. Patients also had an opportunity to offer and receive psycho-social support and coupled with the support they received from healthcare workers, this strengthened the patient-patient relationship and provider-patient relationship, one of the building blocks of integration. Although, the integrated model significantly reduced stigma in general, it did not eradicate service level challenges and societal discrimination among HIV patients. Conclusion: The study narratives reveal that, in low resource settings like Uganda, integration of HIV, diabetes and hypertension care has potential to support patient experiences of co-morbid care. Integrated clinics may function as a central stigma mitigation strategy, operating independently of existing clinics and treating a range of conditions including HIV and other STIs.
Supramolecular Photodynamic Agents for Simultaneous Oxidation of NADH and Generation of Superoxide Radical
Authors: Teng Kun-Xu , Niu Li-Ya , Xie Nan , Yang Qing-Zheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Given that Type-I photosensitizers (PSs) have excellent hypoxia tolerance, developing general approaches to prepare Type-I PSs has the potential to advance the progress of photodynamic therapy (PDT), but remains a challenge. In this work, we report a supramolecular strategy for the preparation of Type-I photodynamic agents which simultaneously generate strong oxidizing cationic radicals of PS and superoxide radicals by introducing electron acceptors to the existing Type-II PSs. As a proof-of-concept, three electron acceptors were designed and co-assembled with a classical PS (iodide BODIPY) to produce quadruple hydrogen-bonded supramolecular photodynamic agents. The photo-induced electron transfer from the PS to the adjacent electron acceptor occurs efficiently, leading to the generation of a strong oxidizing PS+• and an anionic radical of the acceptor, which further transfers an electron to oxygen to form O2−•. Impressively, in addition to generating O2−• efficiently, these photodynamic agents induce direct photocatalytic oxidation of 1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) with a turnover frequency as high as 53.7 min-1 (1~3 orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional transition-metal catalysts), which offers an oxygen-independent mechanism to damage tumors. These photodynamic agents exhibit superior PDT performance even under hypoxic conditions. Distinct solid tumor ablation in vivo was also achieved in tumor treatment of mouse models. This work provides a new strategy and fresh insight on the design and development of Type-I photodynamic agents.
Changes in optical biometry throughout childhood and adolescence for orthokeratology patients
Authors: Mahmoud Ossama , Andrews Chris , Soeken Timothy , Nallasamy Sudha , Nallasamy Nambi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Orthokeratology has been shown to supress progressive myopia in some children. We examine the changes in optical biometry parameters in orthokeratology (Ortho-K) patients, in a retrospective longitudinal study at a tertiary eye care center in Ann Arbor, MI USA.
Methods
Optical biometry measurements obtained with the Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit USA Inc, EyeSuite software version i9.1.0.0) were aggregated from 170 patients who had undergone Ortho-K for myopia correction between 5 and 20 years of age. Pre-intervention biometry measurements were compared with follow up measurements done 6–18 months after initiation of Ortho-K. Linear mixed models were used to quantify associations in biometry changes with age of intervention allowing for correlation between measurements on two eyes of the same patient.
Results
A total of 91 patients were included in the study. Axial length increased through the age of 15.7 ± 0.84 years for Ortho-K patients at our center. The growth curve in our Ortho-K population was comparable to previously published normal growth curves in Wuhan and Shandong populations. Corneal thickness and keratometry decreased at a stable rate regardless of age of intervention (-7.9 mm 95% CI [-10.2, -5.7], p < 0.001).
Conclusion
In our population, Ortho-K did not appear to slow axial length progression, despite showing a previously described reduction in corneal thickness. As Ortho-K has been shown to have varying effects that differ from individual to individual, it continues to be important to reassess its effects on new populations to better understand its ideal uses.
Genetic relationships of Arachis (Fabaceae) accessions based on microsatellite markers
Authors: Custódio Adriana Regina , Schmidt Andréa Branco , Moretzsohn Marcio de Carvalho , Valls José Francisco Montenegro 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The genus Arachis is endemic to South America and contains 83 described species assembled into nine taxonomical sections. The section Arachis is of particular interest because it includes the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea) and its closely related wild species. The knowledge of the genetic relationships among species and accessions is necessary for a more efficient management of germplasm collections and use of wild species for crop improvement. In this study, we used 26 microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic variability and relationships of some recently collected accessions of species in the Arachis section, with emphasis on the B genome species. The analyses showed a generally high level of intraspecific genetic variability, but usually grouped the accessions according to their genome types and species. However, accessions of some species did not group as expected, and these results suggest the need of further taxonomic revision of a few taxa, especially some accessions of A. gregoryi, A. magna and A. kuhlmannii and the circumscriptions of sections Erectoides and Procumbentes.
The Most Optimal Methods for Acknowledgement of Medical Biases Toward LGBTQIA+ Patients in United States’ Healthcare Facilities
Authors: Pasia Kate Mirielle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The United States’ hospitals and healthcare facilities have long questioned the necessity of certain aspects of nondiscrimination interventions to eliminate bias against demographic differences. For healthcare providers today, many workplaces have promoted discussions and inclusion training sessions among the worker community in order to address bias and prejudicial attitudes in workers. This study set out to discover the viability of a video source as an optimal method for bias mitigation, specifically with LGBTQIA+ patients. The Implicit Correlation Test (ICT) measured the level of agreement people felt regarding LGBTQIA+ healthcare. As a result, the results showed the success and reliability of the video To Treat Me, You Have to Know Who I Am, to foster an alteration in perspective regarding the treatment of LGBTQIA+ patients (1). However, more research is necessary to compare the success of the implementation of a video source in bias interventions to other mitigation methods.
Profiles and influencing factors of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Wu Chao , He Chunyan , Yan Jiaran , Lin Yawei , Du Yanling , He Shizhe , Shang Lei , Yang Kejian , Lang Hong-juan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim: To clarify the subtypes of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses and explore the factors affecting profile membership Methods: A total of 2490 Chinese clinical nurses were selected in the cross-sectional survey from March to May 2020. The clinical nurses completed the online self-report questionnaires including the general demographic questionnaire and information literacy scale. Data analyses consisted of latent profile analysis, variance analysis, Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.Results: Four latent profiles were identified: ‘Low information literacy (Class 1)’, ‘Moderate information knowledge (Class 2)’, ‘High information knowledge and support (Class 3)’ and ‘High information literacy (Class 4)’, accounting for 20.14%, 42.11%, 23.36% and 14.39%, respectively. Compared with Class 4, nurses with nursing title and more than 6-year working experience were more likely to be grouped into Class 1; not reading literature in the past month was more likely to be grouped into Classes 1 and 2; the more years of work was more likely to be grouped into Classes 2 and 3; the lower age and hospital-grade, in the countryside, less time spending in spare time to learn professional knowledge, less using databases to search literature, not participating in information literacy training, lower self-efficacy and social support were more likely to be grouped into Classes 1, 2 and 3. Conclusions: Information literacy has different classification features among Chinese clinical nurses. Information literacy of over half of the nurses surveyed is at the lower or middle level. Different types of clinical nurses have different characteristics. Nursing managers should actively pay attention to clinical nurses with low information literacy and help them improve their information literacy level.Implications for nursing: The information literacy level of each clinical nurse was different. Nursing managers should realize the importance of information literacy in clinical nursing work and pay attention to the improvement of clinical nurses' information literacy. Our study clarifies the subtypes of information literacy among Chinese clinical nurses and explores the influencing factors of nursing information literacy from both internal and external aspects, which provides a reference for nursing managers to improve clinical nurses’ information literacy more specifically.
Novel epoxy adhesives based on conductive micron-sized silver flowers
Authors: Ji Yan-Hong , Miao Peng , Zhang Ruo-Nan , Li Quan , Zha Yi-Fan , Dai Feng-Ying , Du Xi , He Ben-Qiao , Fu Shao-Yun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Low silver contents are desirable for electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs) due to the high cost of silver. In the present work, micron flower-like silver particles (MFSPs) with long and thin petals are prepared by a novel, green, and facile chemical reduction method in an aqueous solution. The effects of reactant mass ratio and reactant concentration are investigated to control the morphology and size of MFSPs. Three kinds of MFSPs with different sizes are filled into an epoxy resin to prepare novel ECAs. Due to the easily formed conductive paths by such morphological silver particles, the prepared MFSP/epoxy composite adhesive has a low percolation threshold, a high conductivity and high adhesion strength at a very low silver content. When considering the optimal combination of low electrical resistance and high adhesion strength, the MFSPs obtained at the 1.5:1 ratio of ascorbic acid to silver nitrate are promising for preparing ECAs with a low Ag content of 30 wt％ which is the lowest content for ECAs compared with the literature. The synthesis process of MFSPs has the advantages of mild condition, simple process, and environmental friendship. This study provides a new way to prepare highly conductive Ag/epoxy adhesives with low silver contents.
Performance Analysis of Pool-based Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: KUMAR P TEJA VARDHAN , NAIDU K VISWANATHA , REDDY P VENKATESWAR , Hoque Shanidul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cognitive Radio (CR) is an emerging technology that solves the spectrum inefficient problem in licensed spectrum pools by using dynamic spectral access (DSA). Spectrum Handoff plays an important role in DSA to ensure seamless and robust cognitive user (CU) services to maintain CR network (CRN) quality. In this article, we present the analytical model of pool-based spectral handoff process of two different licensing spectral pools under the Heterogeneous spectral environment (HetSE) of both Ad-HOC (opportunistic) and centralized (negotiated) CRNs. The concept of Intra-Pool and Inter-Pool spectrum handoff are considered to investigate the performance of CU in every possible dimension for developing an optimized and effective CRN. The Spectrum Handoff (SHO) performance metrics: probability mass function (PMF), link maintenance probability (LMP) and link failure probability (LFP) of the CU are derived using intra-pool and inter-pool spectrum handoff concepts under HetSE to investigate the characteristics of CRN for both opportunistic and negotiated spectrum access strategies. The results show that both the strategies produce significantly different performance for pool based spectrum handoff under HetSE of CRN. The Monte-Carlo simulation results are also performed Python platform and compare with the theoretical results to validate the proposed model considering both PUs and CUs activity model.