bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of the SepsEast Registry to define the Characteristics in Coronavirus Disease in Central-Eastern Europe between March 2020-February 2021: an international, multicentre retrospective study of the SEARCH-COVID-19 Study Group
Authors: Benes Jan , Jankowski Miłosz , Szułdrzynski Konstanty , Zahorec Roman , Lainscak Mitja , Ruszkai Zoltán , Podbregar Matej , Zatloukal Jan , Kletecka Jakub , Kusza Krzysztof , Szrama Jakub , Ramic Estera , Galkova Katarina , Krbila Stefan , Valky Josef , Ivanic Jaka , Kurnik Marko , Mikó Angéla , Kiss Tamás , Hetényi Barbara , Hegyi Peter , Sustic Alan , Molnar Zsolt 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused unprecedented research activity all around the world but publications from Central-Eastern European countries remain scarce. Therefore, our aim was to characterise the features of the pandemic in the intensive care units (ICUs) among members of the SepsEast (Central-Eastern European Sepsis Forum) initiative.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, international, multicentre study between March 2020-February 2021. All adult patients admitted to the ICU with pneumonia caused by COVID-19 were enrolled. Data on baseline and treatment characteristics, organ support and mortality were collected. Results: Eleven centres from six countries provided data from 2139 patients. Patient characteristics were; median 68, [IQR 60-75] years of age; males: 67%; body mass index: 30.1 [27.0-34.7]; and 88% comorbidities. Overall mortality was 55%, which increased from 2020 to 2021 (p=0.004). The major causes of death were respiratory (37%), cardiovascular (26%) and sepsis with multiorgan failure (21%). 1061 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (mortality: 66%) without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (n=54). The rest of the patients received non-invasive ventilation (n=129), high flow nasal oxygen (n=317), conventional oxygen therapy (n=122), as the highest level of ventilatory support, with mortality of 50%, 39% and 22%, respectively. Conclusions: This is the largest COVID-19 dataset from Central-Eastern European ICUs to date. The high mortality observed especially in those receiving invasive mechanical ventilation renders the need of establishing national-international ICU registries and audits in the region that could provide high quality, transparent data, not only during the pandemic, but also on a regular basis.
Molecular signatures of organic particulates as tracers of emission sources
Authors: Cecinato Angelo , Bacaloni Alessandfro , Romagnoli Paola , Perilli Mattia , Balducci Catia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As tool for identifying the pollution sources and their impact on human health, chemical signature of airborne particulates and deposition dusts is a subject of study since decades. Usually, three complementary ways are adopted for this purpose; they are: specific source markers, concentration ratios of pairs of congeners, and percent distributions of homologues within groups. After presenting the state-of-the-art about non-polar aliphatic (i.e., alkanes and alkenes), aromatic (PAHs, Nitro-PAHs) and polar (fatty acids, organic halides, polysaccharides) compounds associated with emissions, some unusual molecular signatures of non-polar organics are discussed, as possible tracers of emission sources. Non-polar organic fraction of particulates comprises short/medium-chain alkenes and alkanes (with carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 23), which display distinct relative abundances in petrol-derived spills and exhausts, release by microorganisms and high vegetation leaf debris. Long-chain alkanes associated with tobacco smoke show a peculiar iso/anteiso/normal homologue fingerprint and n-hentriacontane percentages higher than other emissions. Several concentration ratios of PAHs were analyzed in scientific literature as diagnostic of nature of emissions; meanwhile, the possible sources of uncertainty were elucidated. Due to its intrinsic limits (e.g., diagnostic ratios variability caused by decomposition and gas/particle exchange), the identification of sources exploiting molecular signature is overall restricted to qualitative purposes. Nevertheless, parameterizing molecular signatures through numerical indexes can aid in apportioning the pollution sources providing preliminary information for modeling. Future investigations would allow understanding the sources of uncommon molecular fingerprints (e.g., alkane/alkene distributions) and elucidating the role of humans as actual emitters of chemicals affecting internal environments.
The Development and Implementation of a Physical Therapy Service to treat Urinary Incontinence: Results of a RE-AIM Evaluation
Authors: de Leon Elisa Brosina , Cardoso Maria Natalia , de Souza Magda Rocha , de Brito Elorides , Marques Maira Mendes dos Santos , Almeida Fabio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: A conservative physiotherapy service implementation addressed to treat urinary incontinence for older women was studied using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework. Design: We conducted a multimethod analysis structured based on RE-AIM. Settings/participants: Included women ≥ 60 years of age, with self-reported UI symptoms. Results: A total of 34 older women were enrolled in the service with a mean age of 61.53 years. There was a significant improvement in the strength of the pelvic floor muscles, power, endurance, and fast contraction capacity after the intervention.Program implementation was supported by Physical Therapy teams who engaged in care coordination. The program has been maintained for over 4 years.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that UI patients would benefit from physiotherapy treatment and that this intervention is feasible. This RE-AIM evaluation provides lessons learned and strategies for future adoption, implementation, and maintenance of a Physical Therapy pelvic service.
Measurement of radon concentration in water within Ojo axis of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Mostafa Mostafa , Olaoye M A , Ademola A K , Jegede O A , Saka A A , Khalaf Hyam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Radon (Radon-222) in water is one of the daily health hazard problems. Therefore, continue check of radon contamination in different types of water is essential.in the present work, sixteen groundwater and surface-water samples (wells, boreholes, and sachets) were collected from six different locations within Ojo Local Government area in Nigeria. The water samples collected were stored in 75 cl bottles which were already sterilized with distilled water to avoid contamination. Water samples were then taken to the laboratory for analysis of radon using RAD-7, an active electronic device produced by the Durridge Company in the USA.
Results
The radon level in water is higher than the safer limits of 11 Bq/l as per EPA regulations except one site of the six under study. The total annual effective doses from ingestion and inhalation for drinking and ground water is upper than the safe limit of 0.1mSv y− 1 recommended by WHO and EU council.
Conclusions
The obtained results promote the development and/or the update of databases of radon levels in drinking and ground water in Ojo Local Government area in Nigeria.
Conversion of Cud and Paper Waste to Biochar Using Slow Pyrolysis Process and Effects of Parameters
Authors: Takele Tayachew Nega , Tesfaye Ashenafi , Awoke Kirubel , Getu Endale 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of slow pyrolysis parameters of temperature, air mass flow rate, heating rate, and residence time on cud and waste paper char yields. Cud and waste paper were heated with a slow pyrolysis temperature (167 0 C) to produce the biochar. The degree of decomposition depends on the feedstock used and process conditions. As the results revealed that the biochar yield, depends mainly on the applied controlled temperature and airflow rate. During the experiment, the primary airflow rate makes the process more slowly pyrolysis. Both primary and secondary air inlet opening at the same time provides high temperature and less biochar yield. The experiment was conducted under a slow pyrolysis temperature of 167 0 C, moisture 15%, and air mass flow rate of (0.35 - 1.5kg/s). At this temperature; 30kg of feedstock, cup, and paper in the reactor produces 10kg- 23kg and 10-20kg respectively of biochar yield at the same airflow rate of 0.35m/s. Temperature gradient appears and tends to increase as the airflow rate increases within the limited values. But the biochar yield reduces as the pyrolysis temperature and airflow rate increase.
Genetic analysis of a child with 18q Deletion Syndrome and Developmental Dysplasia of Hip
Authors: Yu Shufeng , Wang Caixia , Lei Ke , Leng Xuefei , Zhang Lijuan , Tian Fei , Chen Zhihong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To analyze genotypes and phenotypes of a child with Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH), developmental delays, recurrent fever, hypothyroidism and cleft palate. Methods G-banding karyotypeing analysis and Next-generation Sequencing(NGS) were performed on the child. The parents of the child were verified by copy number variations (CNV) and Sanger sequencing to determine the source of variations. Results The karyotype of the child was 46, XX. A 10.44Mb deletion(chr18:67562936-78005270del) at 18q22.2q23 was found by NGS, as well as HSPG2 variation (chr1: 22206699, c.2244c > A, exon 17, p.h748q; chr1: 22157321–22157321, c.11671 + 154insA, Intron) originated from father and mother, respectively. Conclusion This is the first 18q deletion syndrome case which accompanied by DDH. Most phenotypes of the child ,such as developmental delays, cleft palate, may be related to 18q22 2q23 deletion, while no variant genes related to DDH were found in this deletion region. DDH may be related to mutation of HSPG2.
Red perovskite light-emitting diodes with efficiency exceeding 25% realized by cospacer cations
Authors: Jiang Ji , Chu Zema , Yin Zhigang , Li Jingzhen , Yang Yingguo , Chen Jingren , Wu Jinliang , You Jingbi , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) own great attention in recent years, due to their narrow emission bandwidth and tunable emission spectrum. Efficient red emission is one of most important part for lighting and display. Quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite could deliver high emission efficiency due to the strong carrier confinement, while the external quantum efficiencies (EQE) of red quasi-2D PeLEDs are inefficient at present, which is due to the complex distribution of different n-value phases in quasi-2D perovskite films. Here, we finely control the phase distribution of the quasi-2D perovskite by mixing two different large organic cations, which effectively reduce the amount of smaller n index phases, meanwhile the passivation of lead and halide defects in perovskite films is realized. Accordingly, the PeLEDs showed 25.8% EQE and 1300 cd∙m-2 maximum brightness at 680 nm, which exhibit the highest performance for red PeLEDs up to now.
Oxygen-containing groups in cellulose- and lignin-biochar: their roles in U(VI) adsorption
Authors: Liang Jianjun , Feng Yongzhong , Qiu Xiaoyi , Tao Zhuolin , E Zhengyang , Song Jiayu , Dong Yaqiong , Li Ping , Fan Qiaohui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The adsorption behaviors of cellulose- and lignin-biochar depend on their oxygen-containing groups to some extent. In this study, a series of cellulose- and lignin-rich biochar was prepared from pakchoi and corncob, respectively named PBC and CBC, to evaluate their adsorption properties for U(VI). The maximal adsorption capacity of PBC 300 (obtained at 300 oC) was 46.62 mg g− 1 for U(VI), which was ⁓ 1.3 times higher than that of CBC 300 (35.60 mg g− 1). U(VI) adsorption on PBC and CBC were ascribed to the coordination interaction between oxygen-containing groups and U(VI). Interestingly, the main complexation groups were different in the both biochar due to the inherent evolution of cellulose and lignin. Volatile d-glucose chains in cellulose were apt to degrade rapidly, and the formed carboxyls acted as the main adsorption sites in PBC. However, the stable aromatic network in lignin led to a slow degradation, and more hydroxyls thus remained in CBC, which controlled U(VI) adsorption. This study obtained effective adsorbents of U(VI) and provided some essential insights into understanding this evolution and structure-function relationship of biochar.
The highest-elevation frog provides insights into mechanisms and evolution of defenses against high ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Fu Ting-Ting , Sun Yan-Bo , Gao Wei , Long Chengbo , Yang Chun-Hua , Yang Xinwang , Zhang Yi , Lan Xin-Qiang , Huang Song , Jin Jieqiong , Murphy Robert , Zhang Yun , Lai Ren , Hillis David , Zhang Ya-Ping , Che Jing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Defense against increasing ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure is essential for survival, especially in high-elevation species. Although some specific genes involved in UV response have been reported, the full view of UV-defense mechanisms remains largely unexplored. Herein, we analyzed UV responses in the highest-elevation frog, Nanorana parkeri, using integrated approaches. We show less damage and more efficient antioxidant activity in skin of this frog than those of its lower-elevation relatives after UV exposure. Our study revealed new UV-defense systems. Genomic and metabolomic analysis along with large-scale transcriptomic and microRNA profiling revealed a time-dependent coordinated defense mechanism in N. parkeri. Both gene mutations and expression shifts contribute to such UV adaptation. We found that microRNAs play important regulatory roles, especially in decreasing the expression levels of cell-cycle genes. Moreover, multiple defense genes (i.e., TYR for melanogenesis) exhibit positive selection with function-enhancing substitutions. Our work demonstrates a genetic framework for evolution of UV-defense in a natural environment.
Spectrum of stable and unstable rearrangements in lymphocytic chromosomes investigated in Bhopal population thirty year post MIC-disaster
Authors: Ganguly Bani Bandana , Mandal Shouvik , Kadam Nitin N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Immediate assessment of genetic damage in methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas exposed population in small and heterogeneous samples using diversified study designs and solid-stained metaphases could not depict the actual genetic impact of MIC on accidentally exposed individuals. The outcome of the then large multi-center genetic screening program was not available to the public and scientific community. Also the routine of the regular epidemiological health-survey does not capture the genetic and long-term effect of MIC. Therefore, genetic screening was carried out 30-years post disaster during 2015–2017 with a view to screen the present status of chromosomal consequences in lymphocytic cells. Participants were recruited from moderate (34) and severely (78) exposed, and unexposed (35) cohorts with their informed consent. Analysis of ~ 100 mitotic cells and karyotyping of at least 10–15 and all abnormal metaphases detected structural and numerical alterations, including stable and replicable ones. Clonal abnormalities were detected with monosomal and complex karyotype, trisomy 8, del5q/20q, loss of Y, etc. Among all, X-chromosome was frequently involved in numerical alterations. Structural aberrations appeared higher in the then exposed populations, though abnormalities cannot be linked directly to MIC-exposure 30-year post disaster. Collectively, all rearrangements were markedly higher in the severely exposed population. Altogether, the detected abnormalities appeared random and indicated genomic instability, suggesting follow-up at shorter intervals for the individuals detected with clonal aberrations. G-banding has facilitated recognition of chromosomal involvement and their breakpoints, and classification of structural rearrangements. The present data has been derived from the 30-years post-disaster genetic screening.
Yeast RNAi Machinery Maintains rRNA Homeostasis for Ribosomal Function by Generating sirRNAs to Suppress the Antisense Transcripts
Authors: Li Chenxi , Zhang Ping , Huo Liang , Ma Xiaoyu , Hao Xiaoran , Ma Lan , Liu Yanjie , Zhou Mengkai , Zhu Xudong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The biological function of RNAi machinery in fungi appears puzzling. In yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, we observed that RNAi-deficient mutants displayed diminished ribosome function. We conducted deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis for siRNAs derived from rRNAs (sirRNAs), and discovered a novel class of sirRNAs with unique structure, e.g. a nucleotide C at 5’end, and a size of 19 or 20 nt. Two sirRNAs, 001 and 006, had the largest reads of all sRNAs and were located on 25S rRNA close to each other with a 4-nt spacer. Sequencing data and Northern blotting manifested sirRNAs were generated by RNAi machinery, rather by random degradation. Multiple RNAi pathways could produce sirRNAs, a long pathway consisting of Dcrs, Agos and Rdp and a short pathway through Dcrs and Agos solely. We found a 120-nt 25S rRNA fragment was the common precursor of sirRNAs 001/006 which were split into two pri-sirRNAs, 55-nt and 60-nt, respectively. The pri-sirRNAs were further processed merely by RNAi machinery to form pre-sirRNAs, subsequently the final products sirRNAs 001 and 006. Silencing assays suggested that sirRNAs-guided RNAi suppressed the expression of the reporters, URA5 and CLC1. On the other hand, we found loss of RNAi caused a significant decrease of 25S rRNA, but a dramatically increase of the natural antisense transcripts of rRNAs (NAT-rRNAs), suggesting RNAi machinery played a positive role in maintaining 25S rRNA level, while an antagonistic suppression on NAT-rRNAs which was demonstrated by sequencing and blotting. Considering the presence of sirRNAs, we speculate the yeast has evolved a protective mechanism for rRNA homeostasis through sirRNAs-guided RNAi against NAT-rRNAs. When RNAi machinery was absent, NAT-rRNAs were accumulated to form with rRNAs double-stranded RNA molecules and caused rRNAs to be degraded, which impaired ribosomal function. This work reveals that RNAi machinery maintains rRNA homeostasis and ribosome function.
Establishment of a DNA-free genome editing and protoplast regeneration method in cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Liu Ying , Andersson Mariette , Granell Antonio , Cardi Teodoro , Hofvander Per , Nicolia Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The application of genome editing as a research- and breeding method has provided many possibilities to improve traits in many crops in recent years. In cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), so far only stable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation carrying CRISPR/Cas9 reagents has been established. The shoot regeneration from transfected protoplasts is the major bottleneck in the application of DNA-free genome editing via Ribonucleoprotein based CRISPR/Cas9 method in cultivated tomato. In this study, we report the implementation of a transgene-free breeding method for cultivated tomato by CRISPR/Cas9 technology, including the optimization of protoplast isolation and overcoming the obstacle in shoot regeneration from transfected protoplasts. We have identified that the shoot regeneration medium containing 0.1 mg/l IAA and 0.75 mg/l zeatin was the best hormone combination with a regeneration rate of up to 21.3%. We have successfully obtained regenerated plants with a high mutation rate four months after protoplasts isolation and transfection. Out of 110 regenerated M0 plants obtained, 35 (31.8%) were mutated targeting both SP and SP5G genes simultaneously and the editing efficiency on single genes was up to 50.9%.
A Systematic Review of the International Evolution of Online Mental Health Strategies and Recommendations During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Almeda Nerea , Díaz-Milanés Diego , Guiterrez-Colosia Mencia R. , García-Alonso Carlos R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which started at the beginning of 2020, has had a negative impact on mental health (MH). As a response to the pandemic, international agencies and governmental institutions providedan initial response to the population’s needs. As the pandemic evolved, the population circumstances changed, and some of these international agencies, such as the UN or WHO, updated their strategies, recommendations, and guidelines for the populations. However, there is currently a lack of information on the attention given to response strategies by the different countries throughout the beginning of the pandemic. Objectives: To evaluate the evolution of MH online strategies and recommendations developed by governments and related institutions to cope with the impact ofCOVID-19 on MH from the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic to the vaccination period and to assess their current status. Methodology: An adaptation of the PRISMA guidelines to review online documents was used together with a questionnaire for MH strategies and recommendation assessment. Basic statistics and Student’s t test were used to assess the evolution of the documents, while a two-step cluster analysis was performed to assess the organisation and characteristics of the most recent documents. Results: Statistically significant differences were found both in the number of symptoms and mental disorders and MH strategies and recommendations included in the initial documents and the updated versions generated after vaccines became available. The most recent versionsare more complete in all cases. Regarding the forty-six total documents included in the review, the cluster analysis showed a broaddistribution from wide-spectrum documents to documentsfocusing on a specific topic. Conclusions: Governments and institutions have worked actively but unevenly on updating the MH guidelines, paying attention to actions related to bereavement, telehealth and domestic violence. Significant improvements have been made regarding Mexico’s guideline and the availability of comprehensive resources from England, Australia and the United States of America. The study supports the use of the PRISMA protocol adaptation and questionnaire for MH strategy and recommendation assessments as a standard by which to conduct longitudinal assessments of dynamic documents.