bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 mortality, excess mortality, deaths per million and infection fatality ratio, Belgium, 9 March 2020 to 28 June 2020
Authors: Molenberghs Geert , Faes Christel , Verbeeck Johan , Deboosere Patrick , Abrams Steven , Willem Lander , Aerts Jan , Theeten Heidi , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Bustos Sierra Natalia , Renard Françoise , Herzog Sereina , Lusyne Patrick , Van der Heyden Johan , Van Oyen Herman , Van Damme Pierre , Hens Niel 
Published: February 2022

Background
COVID-19 mortality, excess mortality, deaths per million population (DPM), infection fatality ratio (IFR) and case fatality ratio (CFR) are reported and compared for many countries globally. These measures may appear objective, however, they should be interpreted with caution.

Aim
We examined reported COVID-19-related mortality in Belgium from 9 March 2020 to 28 June 2020, placing it against the background of excess mortality and compared the DPM and IFR between countries and within subgroups.

Methods
The relation between COVID-19-related mortality and excess mortality was evaluated by comparing COVID-19 mortality and the difference between observed and weekly average predictions of all-cause mortality. DPM were evaluated using demographic data of the Belgian population. The number of infections was estimated by a stochastic compartmental model. The IFR was estimated using a delay distribution between infection and death.

Results
In the study period, 9,621 COVID-19-related deaths were reported, which is close to the excess mortality estimated using weekly averages (8,985 deaths). This translates to 837 DPM and an IFR of 1.5% in the general population. Both DPM and IFR increase with age and are substantially larger in the nursing home population.

Discussion
During the first pandemic wave, Belgium had no discrepancy between COVID-19-related mortality and excess mortality. In light of this close agreement, it is useful to consider the DPM and IFR, which are both age, sex, and nursing home population-dependent. Comparison of COVID-19 mortality between countries should rather be based on excess mortality than on COVID-19-related mortality.
Changes in the process used to critique articles based on Psychophysiologically Based Research Studies
Authors: Sherman Richard A. 
Published: February 2022

Large numbers of audits have shown that we are inundated with faked studies, poorly done studies, improperly massaged data, sales pitches, etc. Few of the major studies can be replicated, and many journals still refuse to publish replications – especially if they don't support the original study's results. Thus, the way we need to critique studies has shifted from a relatively straightforward evaluation of the study to a detective process, including evaluating the author(s) and the journal in which the study appeared.
This set of criteria is only applicable to research studies using human or non-human subjects. Studies appropriate for applying the following criteria can be from any area within psychophysiology, including clinical, sports, education, military, etc. It is not for theoretical articles, thinly veiled sales pitches, etc. The critique process is active and generally involves more than reading an article then accepting its conclusions at face value: The person critiquing a research article needs to gain some perspective on the area the article discusses, the authors' qualifications and experience (are they sales folk selling something, etc.), the literature the authors included in their review as opposed to what is published, etc. It is also likely that the critiquer will be checking the statistics and other crucial portions of the article by using statistical software.
Association between satisfaction with life and caregiver burden, among psychiatric patients
Authors: Emad Farkhanda , Ali Saima Masoom , Ishaque Farhan , Mirza Aftab Ahmed , Khalid Hayatullah , Ansari Abid Kamal 
Published: February 2022

Background: People who are dealing with psychological disorders are not able to take care of themselves; therefore, their family has to take care of them. While dealing with psychological issues is itself difficult for their family members. Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder are psychological severe disorder that has a considerable influence not only in the patient but also for the entire family. This study aims to determine a relationship between life satisfaction and caregiver burden among caregivers of patients suffering from psychiatric illness.
Methodology: We started the research after approval from the board of study and prior consent from the psychiatric hospitals' higher authorities and rehabilitation centers in Karachi. The authorities demonstrated the research objectives, the consent letter, and the questionnaire to be filled by the researcher. Zarit Burden Interview Scale (ZBIS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) (Pavot & Diener) were used. The sample size of this study was 170 psychiatric patients. Psychiatric patients were divided into schizophrenia disorder (n=85) and bipolar disorder (n=85).
Results: The result indicates that the caregiver burden is the predictor of satisfaction with life in patients with bipolar disorders. It also shows in results that there was a significant difference among the different levels of the duration of illness on the variable of caregiver burden scale and satisfaction life scale among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Further, findings indicate significant differences between males' and females' caregivers of psychiatric patients on the variable of caregiver burden and satisfaction with life scale.
Conclusion: We concluded that caregiver burden significantly affects the mental health of the caregivers of patients with psychiatric disorders. Also, caregivers of people who are mentally ill patients suffer a lot of burdens. Therefore, interventions that can assist them, such as providing them with a support system and counselling services, must be created.
Assessing the beliefs about antidepressant medication and adherence to therapy in patients with major depressive disorders
Authors: Khan Samia Perwaiz , Naqvi Shagufta , Rizwan Rabeea , Ansari Mariam , Emad Shaista , Khan Habib ur Rahman , Akhtar Aafia , Syed Maniya , Ehsan Naija , Moorad Anas 
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients on antidepressant therapy have no contact with their physicians until their next appointment, which in most cases could be more than two weeks apart. This crucial time is of utmost importance as this could assess the patient's will to follow the prescribed therapy and the general belief about the benefits of using antidepressant treatment. Thus medication adherence is necessary to reduce the risk of suicidal tendencies and mortality in these patients. The study aimed to evaluate medication adherence and adherence to antidepressant therapy in patients with major depressive disorder.
Methodology: in this cross-sectional study, a total of 101 clinically diagnosed patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were included in the study from psychiatric and medical OPD from June 2018 to June 2019, from Jinnah Medical College Hospital (JMCH). Belief about medicines questionnaire (BMQ specific and BMQ general), regarding their views about the prescribed medication and the modified questionnaire of the medication adherence scale used, scores were calculated to give a numerical value to measure the adherence to antidepressant medication.
Results: According to the study, 101 patients with major depressive disorder had an overall good belief about medication but have low adherence. Belief about medicines questionnaire (based on BMQ) BMQ- the specific q1-10 score was 36.54 (necessity, concern), BMQ-general 27.98 score, q11-18 (overuse and harm). Regarding their views about the prescribed medication. 86% of participants with the major depressive disorder had low adherence (scores 0-5), and those with high adherence were only 14% (scores 6-8). The patients diagnosed with the major depressive disorder who had co-morbid (diabetes, hypertension, hypothyroidism, etc.) had better adherence for their prescribed treatment as compared to those without co-morbid.
Conclusion: This study indicates that although patients with major depressive disorder from tertiary care hospitals in Karachi had a positive belief about medication but have low adherence to antidepressant therapy.
Assessment of Cortisol, Brain-Derived Neurotropic factor, C - reactive protein, Interleukin-6 levels and cognitive decline after trauma exposure
Authors: Noushad Shamoon , Sajid Ujala , Ahmed Sadaf , Ansari Basit 
Published: February 2022

Background: Studies have found that multiple neurobiological mechanisms are underlying the cause of Posttraumatic stress that influence the nervous and immune system leading to neurodegenerative and psychiatric comorbidities. The present study aims to assess and evaluate the serum Cortisol, C - reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) levels and cognitive decline among subjects with trauma exposure and to determine the relationship between the above-specified stress biomarkers.
Methodology: Two groups with trauma exposure (including natural disaster, any accident, physical and/or verbal violence, or any stressful condition) in the last twelve months were recruited. Groups were majorly divided based on TSC-40 (Trauma Symptom Checklist - 40) scores. Subjects with a TSC score > 40 were kept in the traumatized group, while those with TSC score < 40 were included in the control group. A total of 188 subjects above the age of 18 were recruited following inclusion criteria, cognition was measured using the Six-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6-CIT), and serum samples were obtained for cortisol, CRP, BDNF, and IL-6 levels.
Results: There was a significant difference in the serum BDNF (P<0.001) level among the traumatized subjects, i.e. 15.68 ± 3.55 ng/dl as compared to controls 26.65 ± 2.47 ng/dl; no significant difference was found in CRP levels (ns) in both groups with a slight increase among the traumatized subjects as compared to the controls, i.e. 4.29 ± 1.50 mg/dl vs. 3.42 ± 1.11 mg/dl. As indicated by the 6-CIT score, the cognitive decline was more pronounced among the traumatized subjects, i.e. 8.54 ± 2.13 compared to the control group 5.0 ± 1.81, with a significant positive difference (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The finding suggests that traumatic stress is associated with Cognitive decline, BDNF and cortisol, whereas a non-significant association was found with IL-6 and CRP levels.
A Proposed Study Using Psychophysiological Biomarkers to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Cat-Cow Yoga Exercise to Reduce Chronic Musculoskeletal Low Back Pain
Authors: Batool Syeda Farah , Noushad Shamoon , Ahmed Sadaf 
Published: February 2022

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a painful condition of the musculoskeletal system that affects the quality of life and causes disabilities that can cease or limit daily life activities. Around 85% of the population has encountered LBP at least once in their lives. Due to sustained or improper postures, the incidence rate of LBP is reportedly high amongst healthcare providers worldwide. The treatments to manage LBP are generally some Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which only give short-term relief and are seemingly ineffective after a particular time, so higher doses are needed. This study aims to test the Cat-Cow yoga posture to manage LBP in longer terms.
Methodology: It will be a uni-center randomized control trial, and the participants with musculoskeletal low back pain will be randomly allocated into two groups. Group 1 will receive the intervention, cat-cow yoga sessions, and Group 2 will get the general care guide. Altered levels of cortisol, substance P and beta-endorphins will be measured and compared at baseline and after completion of 12 weeks.
Discussion: A practical and cost-friendly intervention that can help Back pain sufferers to reduce their pain. This study will determine the efficacy of a useful and cost-effective yoga technique to overcome the psychophysiological manifestations of musculoskeletal CLBP.
Propuesta educativa metodológica aplicada a través del comics por una construcción de paz
Authors: Albor-Chadid Lourdes 
Published: February 2022

Las comunidades académicas escolares nacionales e internacionales son conscientes de las problemáticas psicosociales por las que afrontan las escuelas diariamente. Por tanto la necesidad de generar planes y programas educativos, pedagógicos creativos e innovadores que sean atractivos a los estudiantes para de esta manera fortalecer nuevos aprendizajes en competencias que faciliten las buenas relaciones interpersonales y las disminuciones de los conflictos. El estudio es resultado de una aplicación de investigación aplicada que tuvo como objetivo construir representaciones dialógicas a través del comic como medio pedagógico para promover las construcciones de paz en los contextos escolares. El estudio se basó en un diseño fenomenológico de tipo cualitativo, que describe el significado de las experiencias vividas por varios individuos acerca de un fenómeno con fines de concientizarse de sus propios problemas sociales y de resolverlos. La población participante fueron 30 niños y niñas de la Institución Educativa “San José” de la ciudad de Barranquilla-Colombia. En los resultados se observó a los participantes en su libre naturalidad ejerciendo un rol mediador, la diversidad de gustos y formas de comprender el conflicto. Los niños a través del dialogo, debatieron acerca de sus historietas y como cada quien aportada a la solución del conflicto. Como conclusiones esta propuesta de cultura de paz con aplicación pedagógica creativa del comic, le apuesta a la educación para la paz, cultura de paz para ayudar a construir valores mediante acciones humanas que permita la involucración y participación de los niños y niñas para fortalecerlos en valores.
Pengembangan Media Demonstrasi Kimia untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran Pemisahan Kimia Melalui Lesson Study
Authors: Muti'ah Muti'ah , Loka I Nyoman , Muntari Muntari 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini tentang penerapan media demonstrasi kimia untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran Pemisahan Analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama dua siklus melalui pendekatan Lesson StudyÃÂ yang terdiri dari perencanaan/plan, pelaksanaan-observasi/do, dan refleksi/see.Pengumpulan data diperoleh berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang bersifat kolaboratif dalam diskusi antar tim pada kegiatan plan, do dan refleksi, serta data hasil belajar mahasiswa. . Hasil analisis data dalam kegiatan plan dan see selama 2 siklus menunjukkan adanya perubahan dinamis yang ditunjukkan oleh: (1) perubahan sikap positif tim pengajar: terbentuk rasa kolegalitas, bersikap terbuka, belajar dari pengalaman nyata, adanya kerjasama untukÃÂ mengembangkan, saling membagi ide baru dan membuktikannya. (2) Ditemukannya 4 formulasi efektif dalam penggunaan media demonstrasi kimiaÃ¢â¬âgambar power point yaitu: penguasaan materi, terjangkau seluruh mahasiswa, sinkronisasi hasil demonstrasiÃ¢â¬âgambar pada power point, dan ketersediaan waktu. (3) Adanya peningkatan perhatian, aktivitas, dan motivasi dalam pembelajaran. (4) adanyaÃÂ peningkatan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam mengidentifikasi fasa gerak dan fasa diam, mengevaluasi terjadinya pemisahan komponen, dan interpretasi data percobaan dari 51 hingga 82 pada siklus I dan dari 49 menjadi 84 pada siklus II. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan Lesson Study dapat meningkatkan kemampuan dosen dalam mengembangkan media demonstrasi kimia padaÃÂ pembelajaran Pemisahan Analitik yang berkualitasÃÂ
Analisis Triple Bottom Line Warung Kopi Dalam Menghadapi Coffee Shop Di Kawasan Brotonegoro Gresik
Authors: Fauziyah Atikotul , Handayani Anita 
Published: February 2022

Background - Changes in the lifestyle of young people who mostly prefer to hang out at coffee shops, so that the interest in coffee shops decreases. but contrary to the condition of the coffee shop in the Brotonegoro Gresik area which still survives to obtain optimal profit. Objective - This study aims to analyze the triple bottom line of coffee shops in the Brotonegoro Gresik area to deal with modern coffee shops in obtaining optimal profit. Design/Methodology/Approach - The technique used in this research is purposive sampling with structured interviews and unstructured interviews (free) Findings - The results of this study found that coffee shops pay attention to the environment (planet) by paying attention to the cleanliness of the coffee shop premises, the facilities provided, and paying attention to the layout (layout) of food and beverages being sold. Coffee shops pay attention to service (people), namely by maintaining ethics, paying attention to appearance, and maintaining quality. Profit (profit) as the fulfillment of the necessities of life and business continuity for coffee shop owners in the Brotonegoro Gresik area. Research implications - The results of this research can be used as a reference for coffee shop owners to provide added value and develop their business. Research limitations - Research conducted by researchers still has limitations, namely researchers have not explored service quality more deeply, so that the information obtained by researchers in the form of service quality is only based on the dimensions of reliability, certainty and empathy.
Narrating Motherhood
Authors: Lénárt-Muszka Zsuzsanna 
Published: February 2022

Book review:
Martin, BettyAnn, and Michelann Parr, eds. Writing Mothers: Narrative Acts of Care, Redemption, and Transformation. Bradford, ON: Demeter P, 2020. 258 pages. ISBN 978-1-77258-223-9. Pbk. $34.95.
Pengaruh Perencanaan Pajak dan Intellectual Capital Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Teradaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2017-2020)
Authors: Indriany Mia , Herman Wijaya  , Lulu Nailufaroh  
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Problems: The government wants a maximum tax payment while the company is minimum. The company carries out tax planning to minimize the tax burden in order to increase profits by involving the intellectual capital owned by the company in order to increase the firm value.
Purpose: To examine the effect of tax planning and intellectual capital on firm value.
Methodology: This study uses quantitative methods with secondary data types.
Results/Findings: Tax planning and intellectual capital have a positive effect on firm value. Tax planning and intellectual capital can explain the firm value as much as 37,8%.
Paper Type: Correlation Research.
Keywords: Tax Planning, Intellectual Capital, Firm Value
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Memanfaatkan Lingkungan Sekolah Sebagai Sumber Belajar Melalui Bimbingan Individu di Sdn 163/X Catur Rahayu Semester Ganjil Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022
Authors: Sulastri Sulastri 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan lingkungan sebagai sumber belajar yang perlu untuk ditingkatkan lagi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi dan membahas tentang peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan lingkungan sekolah sebagai sumber belajar melalui bimbingan individu di SDN 163/X Catur Rahayu semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) yang terdiri dari dua siklus, dimana masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2021/2022 di SDN 163/X Catur Rahayu dengan subjek penelitian guru sebanyak 6 orang yang terdiri dari guru kelas. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan persentase dan reduksi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melalui bimbingan individu dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam memanfaatkan lingkungan sebagai sumber belajar di SDN 163/X Catur Rahayu yang dapat dilihat pada masing-masing siklus dengan tindakan pemberian pujian.
Electron density contour maps via Rietveld-MEM analysis using HR-XRD for the polycrystalline ferroelectric BCZT
Authors: Herrera-Perez Guillermo , Plaisier J. , Reyes-Rojas A. , Fuentes-Cobas L. 
Published: February 2022

The maximum entropy method in combination with the Rietveld refinement method applied to the analysis (Rietveld-MEM analysis) of high-resolution x-ray diffraction (HR-XRD) is an important tool to elucidate the electron density distribution and chemical bonding nature of materials. In this work, we present the comparison of electron density distribution obtained from the Rietveld-MEM analysis for polycrystalline perovskite BaTiO3 (reference sample) and Ba0.9Ca0.2Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZT). To perform this task, HR-XRD patterns using synchrotron radiation were acquired. Tetragonal phase with P4mm (No.99) space group and pseudo-Voigt function were considered to model the HR-XRD peaks by the Rietveld method using the profile fitting Fullprof suite program. VESTA software was used to visualize 3D, 2D electron density distribution maps and line profiled to monitor the chemical bonding nature between Ba-O and Ti-O interactions and to visualize the off-center displacement of Ti cations by the incorporation of Zr and Ca cations. The interaction between Ti contours with O contours in the electron density distribution and the minimum electron density values revealed the enhancement of covalent nature and predominant ionic nature between barium and oxygen ions in the BCZT. To monitor the ferroelectric hysteresis behavior, polarization versus electric field curves complement the characterization of these samples.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Barriers Towards Breast Cancer Health Education Among Iraqi Community Pharmacists
Authors: H. AL-Behadily Hasan , F.Al-Tukmagi Haydar 
Published: February 2022

With the increasing prevalence of breast cancer among female internationally, occupies about 25% of all cases of cancer, with a measured 1.57 million up to date cases in 2012. Breast cancer has turn a most warning to health of female in Iraq, where it is the major cause of death among women after cardiovascular diseases, with a mortality rate of 23% related cancer. Recently there is a crucial requirement to include community pharmacists in health elevation activities to support awareness and early diagnosis of cancer, specially breast cancer. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and perceived barriers amongst Iraqi community pharmacists towards health promotion of breast cancer. This study is cross sectional research. A questionnaire was given to pharmacists. The questionnaire comprised from four parts: community pharmacist’s demographics and description of practice; knowledge of signs, symptoms and risk causes; knowledge around breast cancer screening and perceived barriers.300 questionnaires were finished and returned by Iraqi community pharmacists. Mean score of knowledge and screening of breast cancer was 7.9 ± 1.86 and 1.69± 0.33 points respectively, categorizing the overall knowledge and screening of breast cancer among participants as poor level, while mean score for pharmacist attitude was 26.44± 3.86 points, categorizing the overall attitude as favorable. Lack of time was perceived by a great proportion of pharmacists (68.2%) as a major barrier to providing patient education.