bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital innovation and human rights: dilemmas in international law enforcement practice
Authors: Mikhailov M. A. , Kokodey T. A. 
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the legal nature of personal data, as well as a set of legal norms governing relations in the field of their processing and circulation in the Russian Federation and foreign countries. The article uses a comparative method, a system analysis method, as well as a forecasting method.The purpose of the article is to confirm or refute the hypotheses about the further strengthening of the contradictions between the emergence and implementation of new technologies for processing personal data versus ensuring the protection of human rights, as well as the expediency and possibility of using foreign legislative experience in domestic practice to counter these threats and reduce the risks arising from this and damage.Main results, scope. The article examines the legislative experience of legal regulation of the types, scope, and nature of personal data in the People's Republic of China, the United States of America, the Republic of Belarus, and the Russian Federation. At the same time, Chinese legislation most quickly responds to the challenges of the criminal use of biometric technologies, American legal norms are less acceptable for our practice due to the peculiarities of case law, and Belarusian law has only recently entered into force, opening the era of legal regulation in this area. The facts of the use of new technologies (such as deepfake) for the processing of biometric information for criminal purposes and the problems of law enforcement in this area, as well as legal disputes of citizens who have suffered damage from the use of these technologies, are analyzed. It is predicted that it will be impossible to fully ensure the protection of human rights in the context of the emergence of new technologies for processing personal data. The importance of the desire to predict threats to the protection of personal information at the stage of emergence of new technologies for processing personal data in order to neutralize them in a timely manner is indicated.Conclusion. An analysis of the legislation of foreign countries will make it possible to give preference to the Chinese experience, which promptly counteracts the risks of using new technologies for criminal purposes. An analysis of domestic and global law enforcement practice will make it possible to predict the spread of new ways of committing crimes, the misuse of personal data, and vulnerabilities in their storage and protection. At the same time, excessive restrictions on access to data, their processing and their circulation can make it difficult for law enforcement agencies to solve the tasks of ensuring state security and the protection of public order. It requires constant monitoring of threats and risks and timely technical and legal response to their manifestation. The purpose of the study has been achieved, ways to improve legislation in order to protect human rights in the context of the introduction of digital innovations in all spheres of human activity are proposed. Security, combating crime.
Digital Training in Building Chatbot-based Online Learning Media: Action Research for Teachers in Semarang City through the "Train The Teachers" Training
Authors: Dewi Devana Afriani , Julia Julia , Jonathan Christian 
Published: September 2022

The lack of student learning motivation and teacher difficulties in monitoring student learning progress is considered to be the main problems in distance learning, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research employed action research methods by involving 20 teachers in several elementary schools in Semarang City spread across several sub-districts. The research results obtained: First, six steps to determine the increase in teacher creativity and understanding, namely the introduction of chatbot and chatbot templates as digital learning media in schools; the implementation of the first training session; the assignment of creating and designing chatbots from templates; the implementation of the second training session and finale chatbot feedback. Second, during digital chatbot training, Acita template was used to see an increase in teacher creativity and understanding of chatbots. The result revealed that, in the aspect of teacher creativity, the point of chatbot design creativity had increased by 41%, creativity in material integration had increased by 46%, and interactive creativity in chatbots had increased by 33%. In addition, in the aspect of teacher understanding, the points of understanding of chatbot structure and understanding of chatbot development had increased by 47%.
Nicolaus Steno's Myology in Light of Johannes Van Horne's Muscle Atlas
Authors: Castel-Branco Nuno , Kardel Troels 
Published: September 2022

In his book on muscles, the Elementorum myologiæ specimen (Florence, 1667), Steno praised a particular group of people who, in his opinion, contributed to a better understanding of the anatomy of muscles, namely painters. It was almost as if, for Steno, painters knew more about muscles than anatomists. The recent discovery of Johannes van Horne’s (1621-1670) muscle atlas at the Bibliothèque interuniversitaire de santé in Paris opened new landscapes to study Steno’s admiration of painters and the epistemic role of his anatomical illustrations. Steno most likely had Van Horne’s atlas in mind when he praised the activity of painters. In research we recently published, we argued that Steno not only shared Van Horne’s interest in illustrating the muscles, but also that he deviated from Van Horne precisely because of the importance observations had in his anatomical research. The following is a summary of our findings. We redirect our readers to our research paper for more details.
Jan van Horne through the correspondence of Guy Patin: discovering the ducts of chyle
Authors: Capron Loïc 
Published: September 2022

What remains available from de correspondence of the Parisian physician Guy Patin (1601-1672), promoted royal lecturer of anatomy, surgery and botany at the Collège de France in 1655, amounts to 1,608 letters. Between 1656 and 1669, he has written seven of those (in Latin) to Jan van Horne (1621-1670), professor of anatomy in Leiden. None of the latter’s answers have been found so far.
These seven letters, as well as the 37 mentions of van Horne elsewhere in this corpus convey precious information about his relationship with his French colleagues. Van Horne deeply admired Jean Riolan the Young (1580-1657); but he had a sour quarrel with Jean Pecquet (1622-1674), who had described the ducts of chyle in 1647, and published his discovery in his Experimenta nova anatomica… [New anatomical experiments…] (Paris, 1651); van Horne shamelessly claimed priority for this breakthrough in his Novus ductus chyliferus. Nunc primum delineatus, descriptus et eruditorum examini expositus… [New chyliferous duct. For the first time discovered, described and submitted to the examination of the scientists…] (Leiden, 1652). Posterity’s verdict has favoured Pecquet, whose undisputable authorship tarnished the posthumous merits of his competitor.
Legalitas Perkawinan Masyarakat Suku Dayak, Indramayu dalam Perspektif Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Annisa Ibnu Sholah 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan Mendeskripsikan bentuk Perkawinan Adat Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu, praktik perkawinan muslim dengan Suku Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu. Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisa legalitas serta implikasi perkawinan muslim dengan Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu.
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis empiris dengan menggunakan pendekatan ilmu anthropologi hukum dan sosiologi hukum. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap pola hidup dan sistem perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh Komunitas Suku Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Dermayu Indramayu. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Observasi terhadap pola hidup dan pola interaksi Komunitas Suku Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu. wawancara dengan para tokoh dan masyarakat Komunitas ini serta dokumentasi dengan melakukan pengkajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih ada praktik perkawinan campur antara orang Islam dengan anggota Komunitas Suku Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu baik menggunakan hukum negara maupun hukum adat. Hal tersebut dilakukan agar perkawinan tersebut diakui negara sehingga salah satu pasangan harus tunduk dan patuh terhadap hukum yang berlaku. Banyak dari mereka melangsungkan perkawinan terlebih dahulu, kemudian bergabung dengan Komunitas ini. Fenomena tersebut menjadi sesuatu yang biasa terjadi pada masyarakat di Desa Krimun, Losarang, Indramayu karena secara historis dan kultur sosial mereka hidup saling berdampingan.
Implikasi hak dan kewajiban terhadap praktik perkawinan campur yang dilakukan antara orang Islam dengan anggota anggota Komunitas Suku Dayak Hindu Budha Bumi Segandu Indramayu bahwa istri mempunyai kedudukan yang jauh lebih tinggi daripada suami sehingga dalam hal ini suami sepenuhnya mengabdikan dirinya hanya kepada istri dan anak-anaknya sebagaimana dalam ajaran ngaula ning anak rabi.
Tipologi Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Pernikahan Islam (Studi Penafsiran Hamka Tentang Ayat-ayat Hak dan Kewajiban Suami Istri Dalam Tafsir al-Azhar).
Authors: Syafiyah Malihatus Syafiyah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Typology of Gender Equality in Islamic Marriage (Study of Hamka's interpretation About the Verses of the Qur'an of Rights and Obligations Husband and Wife in Al-Azhar’s interpretation)
Tesis: Hamka is a multi-dimensional figure who has not studied formal education, but Hamka is able to master almost all kinds of science. Tafsir al-Azhar is a monumental book of Hamka that appears with a more objective interpretation in discussing the problems of women and men. Hamka tries to shift the feminist thinking that assesses the commentators are always dominant in interpretations that seem to marginalize women. In addition, Hamka is a figure who cares about women. He also talked a lot about justice. it is the reasson of the writer to reseach Tafsir Hamka.
The purposes of this study was to answer the research problems, are 1) what is the typology of Hamka's interpretation in Tafsir al-Azhar ? 2) how are the rights and obligations of husband and wife according to Hamka's interpretation in Tafsir al-Azhar? 3) how the relevance of the interpretation of Hamka with feminism? In this research, qualitative research with inductive deductive method with gender approach is used. The collection used documentation method. Data analysis uses data reduction flow, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The validity of the data uses triangulation and in-depth observation.
The results of this study are: 1) Hamka's interpretation in Tafsir al-Azhar is included in the typology of modernist quasi-objective interpretation with consideration; a) attachment to conventional values ​​but b) use of social theory in the interpretation verse of the Qur'an. 2) The interpretation of Hamka related rights and obligations of husband and wife are egalitarian-emancipatory well as in line with the principal of gender namely the theory of functionalist structuralis. In this case Hamka makes the rights and roles of women in the household as a comparison of the rights and roles of men as leaders of the household. It is emansitive because in its interpretation efforts Hamka is more advanced by including immaterial rights. Theory of functionalist structuralis seeks to explain how the system was always functioning to obliged balance in the institution of the family. 3) While the relevance of Hamka's interpretation of feminism is included in the thought of moderate feminism with consideration; a) the combination of old values ​​with new values ​​b) rejecting patriarchal tradition c) textual and contextual elaboration.
Keywords: Tipologi Kesetaraan Gender, Pernikahan Islam, Hak dan Kewajiban, Tafsir al-Azhar
Stress and coping strategies for international students in China during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Roy Nadeem , Tanveer Moazzam , Liu Ying-Hai 
Published: September 2022

Background: The contagious COVID-19 coronavirus was first identified in Wuhan city of China and its rapid spreading led to the historic nationwide lockdown of China from January to April 2020, which imposed a heavy impact on both the routine life and the mental health. The international students studying in China experienced this lockdown, during which their stress, anxiety and the coping strategies employed need to be explored.
Methods: One hundred international students studying in different provinces/cities in China were surveyed by completing online questionnaire to evaluate the stress and anxiety and to identify the factors responsible for the stress and the effective coping strategies used during the nationwide lockdown of China.
Results: The study reveals that 84% of the students were worried about the pandemic while 70% of students were observed to be stressed at the self-identified medium level during the nationwide lockdown. Factors closely related to study performance were the most influential for international students. Indoor aerobic physical exercises were most widely employed by international students to cope with stress. In this study, we also noticed that 15% of international students did not do any particular activities to cope with stress or use alcohol or smoking as a stress-coping strategy.
Conclusion: The study recommends that international students in China need to be trained and educated in stress awareness and coping to improve their physical and mental health for better academic performance during an emergency situation like a nationwide lockdown.
Novel Corona Virus and the Case of Novel Discrimination Based on ‘Feared Medical Condition’
Authors: Abbas Hafiz Ghulam , Sajjad Muhammad , Hussain Khalid 
Published: September 2022

Covid-19 has caused not only a worldwide health crisis but also triggered issues on social, economic, legal and political fronts in novel embodiments. Already rampant online hate-speech against migrants, foreign workers and victims of xenophobia has taken new dimensions. Since outbreak of Covid-19 outside Chinese borders, there are numerous reported incidents, which continue to take place, around the world where people of Asian descent have been targeted by hate-mongers, hurled at racial slurs and, at mild scale, refused entry into hotels and restaurants being labelled as carriers of virus – generally a phenomenon described as ‘Sinophobia’ denoting hate towards Chinese ethnicity. However, in the present case, the issue of discrimination due to fear of being infected is unique and distinct from other forms of discrimination based on race, religion, sex, ethnicity, language etc. Racial discrimination is outlawed under international conventions, notably the Convention on Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD), and state parties are required to undertake appropriate legislation to eliminate it. Present crisis caused by Covid-19 has triggered a novel kind of discrimination which is not anchored, strictly speaking, in religious, ethnic or racial context but is based on a Feared Medical Condition (FMC) that an individual or group infected or likely to be infected can be responsible for transmission of the virus or disease to others. The objective of present study is to examine whether this peculiar type of discrimination is covered by selected instruments of international on human rights. If so, what are states’ responsibilities in eliminating such discrimination. The research employs analytical and qualitative method, and is followed by a conclusion and recommendations.
Exploring The Implementation of Freedom of Expression Rights and The Use of Corporal Punishment in Pakistani Madrasas
Authors: Shah Dr. Rehmat , Khan Muhammad Asghar , Hussain Dr. Sajjad , Khan Dr. Sarfaraz 
Published: September 2022

A country's long-term success depends on educating its citizens. Madrassas are Islamic educational institutes in Pakistan. The media's coverage of Pakistani madrasas' violations of children's rights, particularly in the areas of freedom of expression and corporal punishment, is contentious. Punishment that is based on bodily suffering is known as corporal punishment. The goal of this research was to establish how Pakistani madrasas implement their students' rights to freedom of speech and to avoid corporal punishment. This qualitative study explored the phenomenon of madrasa education in depth with regard to freedom of expression and corporal punishment. The population of this study includes all students and teachers in the Madrasa education system. A purposive sampling technique was used to pick eight students and eight teachers from madrasas in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain data that was collected by hand. The direct quotation method was used to analyse the data. According to the findings, the majority of madrasas allow for the free expression of pupils. The data indicated that, although the Madrasa's administration listens to and appropriately addresses student complaints about teachers, the vast majority of students do not complain about teachers. In Madrasa, it is discovered that misbehaving pupils are counselled, motivated, and finally punished. It was revealed that teachers feel that madrasas can tolerate discipline because the dread of punishment encourages students to achieve their best in the classroom. The conclusion may be drawn that some students, particularly in pre-courses, are unable to openly express their concerns, while others, with the help of friends and the guidance of teachers, are able to overcome their reluctance.
Clinical assessment of nutrition status score and body mass index in newborns
Authors: Thomas Teena Kalathiparambil , Kamath Madhava K. , Raj Kiran H. , Thomas Tittu , Shetty Harshith Raviraj 
Published: September 2022

Background: Fetal growth restriction can occur at any gestational period and is affected by maternal, placental and environmental factors. These factors can cause neonatal mortality or morbidity and long term sequalae. Thereby it is important to assess the nutritional status at birth. Clinical assessment of nutrition status score (CAN) assessment based on birth centile became important. Objectives: Aim was to compare CAN score and BMI birth centiles using pre-designated cut offs for assessing fetal nutrition. Materials and Methods: 1000 newborns cross-Sectional descriptive study. Department of Paediatrics, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore. Nov-2015 to June-2017. Inclusion criteria included term neonates with gestational age >37 completed weeks of gestation by dates or ultra-sonogram. Neonates with major congenital malformation or syndromes were excluded. Results: Out of 1000 newborns, 259 newborns (25.9%) had BMI below 10th centile out of which 99(9.9%) had BMI less than 3rd centile suggesting severe malnutrition. Malnutrition as per CAN Score was seen in 319(31.9%) infants. When CAN score and BMI was compared, among the 353 babies who had CAN score less than 25 indicating FM, only 129(36.5%) had BMI less than 10th centile. In 130 of the 259 infants with BMI less than 10th centile, CAN score was normal.
Assessment of Covariance Selection Methods in High-Dimensional Gaussian Graphical Models
Authors: Maldonado J. , Ruiz S. M. 
Published: September 2022

The covariance selection in Gaussian graphical models consists in selecting, based on a sample of a multivariate normal vector, all those pairs of variables that are conditionally dependent given the remaining variables. This problem is equivalent to estimate the graph identifying the nonzero elements on the off-diagonal entries of the precision matrix. There are different proposals to carry out covariance selection in high-dimensional Gaussian graphical models, such as neighborhood selection and Glasso, among others. In this paper we introduce a methodology for evaluating the performance of graph estimators, defining the notion of non-informative estimator. Through a simulation study, the empirical behavior of Glasso in different structures of the precision matrix is investigated and its performance is analyzed according to different degrees of density of the graph. Our proposal can be used for other covariance selection methods.
Herbal Agents Having Abortive Activity
Authors: Saha Anumita , Chatterjee Aishi , Singh Shristi , Ghosh Jaya , Majumdar Mrityunjoy , Roy Sourav , Roy Prodip 
Published: September 2022

The goal of our study is to increase public awareness of natural contraceptives and their powerful advantages over surgical abortion in order to provide people with an alternative method of ending an unwanted or unplanned pregnancy rather than the dreaded surgical procedure. Since ancient times, traditional remedies have been used all across the world to control fertility. Still, the tribal community mostly relies on these herbs for contraception and to cause abortions. The belief in therapeutic approaches has not been diminished despite the tremendous advancement of allopathic treatment because of its negative side effects. Plants and herbs have been used to induce abortions, although there is very little published information on the most regularly used ones. The grail of this paper is to detail the herbal products used to cause abortion.
CONSTRUCTION OF MOTHERS IDENTITY IN ONLINE COMMUNITY: STUDY OF MEMBERS OF HALO IBU COMMUNITY
Authors: Arindita Ruvira , Nasucha Muchammad , Hartanti Lisa Esti Puji , Arifah Nursalsa , Lubna Shafiyya 
Published: September 2022

Transition to motherhood presents many challenges for women. Negotiating changes and self-identity has become one of the most intriguing ones. During this period, women’s need for information and support increase. ‘Halo Ibu’, the pioneer of the maternal support online community, aims to help women in their transition to motherhood. This research attempts to investigate how mothers’ identity, constructed with the background of their community members as well as to know the role that community, plays in the lives of a mother. The theory used is Mead’s Symbolic Interactionism and the concept of mother identity construction proposed by Laney et al. This is a qualitative study with a constructivist paradigm. This research employed interviews and observation as data gathering processes. The informants were the founder, the content creators, and the coordinator of the community. Results indicated that there was a simultaneous dialectic process between internalization, objectivation, and externalization about the community’s values which are self-love, self-awareness, and non-judgemental support. This process was present during the phase of mother identity construction. Even though it is an online community, the construction of reality regarding community and identity concepts is based on experiences, interactions, and information searched by individuals both online and offline.