bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome report of three novel bacteriophages targeting different multidrug resistant clinical isolates (Escherichia, Klebsiella and Salmonella) from Enterobacteriaceae family
Authors: Nepal Roshan , Houtak Ghais , Karki Sumeena , Dhungana Gunaraj , Vreugde Sarah , Malla Rajani 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Application of bacteriophages (phages) to treat complex multidrug resistant bacterial infection is gaining traction because of its efficacy and universal availability. However, as phages are specific to their host, a diverse collection of locally isolated phage from various geographical locations is required to formulate a wide host range phage cocktail. Here, we report morphological and genomic features of three newly isolated phages from river water of the urban region in Kathmandu, Nepal, targeting three different bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella spp. ) from the Enterobacteriaceae family. Morphological identification and genome analysis indicated that two phages (Escherichia phage vB_EcoM_TU01 and Klebsiella phage vB_KpnP_TU02) were strictly lytic and free from integrases, virulence factors, toxins and known antimicrobial resistance genes whereas Salmonella phage vB_SalS_TU03 was possibly a temperate phage. The genomic features of these phages indicate that natural phages are capable of lysing pathogenic bacteria and have potential to be used therapeutically.
A Qualitative Study of Interactions With Oncologists Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Authors: Achkar Morhaf Al , Roy Upal Basu , Manley Eugene , Standifer Maisha , Baik Christina , Walsh Casey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: To support the care of lung cancer patients, oncologists have needed to stay current on treatment advancements and build relationships with a new group of survivors in an era where lung cancer survivorship has been re-defined. The objectives of the study were to: 1) understand the perspectives of advanced lung cancer patients whose tumors have oncogenic alterations about their care experiences with their oncologist(s) and 2) describe the perceptions of advanced lung cancer patients about seeking second opinions and navigating care decisions. Methods: In this qualitative study, patients with advanced lung cancer (n=25) on targeted therapies were interviewed to discuss their ongoing experience with their oncologists. We used deductive and inductive qualitative approaches in the coding of the data. We organized the data using the self-determination framework.Results: Patients described both positive and negative aspects of their care as related to autonomy, provider competency, and connectedness. Patients sought second opinions for three primary reasons: expertise, authoritative advice, and access to clinical trial opportunities. When there is disagreement in the treatment plan between the primary oncologist and the specialist, there can be confusion and tension, and patients have to make difficult choices about their path forward.Conclusions: Patients value interactions that support their autonomy, demonstrate the competency of their providers, and foster connectedness. To ensure that patients receive quality and goal-concordant care, developing decision aids and education materials that help patients negotiate recommendations from two providers is an area that deserves further attention.
Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported financial toxicity in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang QingHua , Hua Jiang , Wenxuan Mou , Luxi Jiang , Jianxia Lyu , Yu Zeng , Ying Liu , Aiping Hu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Similar to the side effects of cancer treatment，financial toxicity can affect the quality of life of patients, which has attracted increasing attention in the field of oncology. Despite the fact that the estimated prevalence and risk factors of financial toxicity are widely reported, these results have not been synthesized.Objectives: This review aimed to systematically assess the prevalence and risk factors of self-reported financial toxicity.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Data Sources: A computer search of English literature using the database of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CHINAHL, and reference list of the included articles between 2010 and September 2021. The observational studies that reported the prevalence or risk factors of financial toxcity used subjective measures will be included.Methods: A systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The risk of bias was assessed by the NIH observational cohort and cross-sectional study quality assessment tool. The data were extracted by two reviewers and listed in a descriptive table for meta-analysis.Results: In the 22 studies available for the meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of financial toxicity was estimated to be 45% (95% CI: 38% to 53%, I2 = 97.3%, P < 0.001), which was based on a random-effects model. The pooled analysis identified 9 potential risk factors of financial toxicity(7 in β and 8 in OR) : low income (OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.72 to 3.24, I2 =3.1%, P < 0.001), greater annual OOP(β = -4.26, 95% CI: -6.95 to -1.57, I2 =0%, P=0.002), younger age(OR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.56 to 2.54, I2 =0%, P < 0.001), no private insurance(OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.37, I2 =0%, P < 0.001), unmarried(OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.25, I2 =53,3%, P < 0.001), non-white(OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.33 to 1.85, I2 =0%, P < 0.001), advanced cancer(β = -4.74, 95% CI: -6.90 to -2.57, I2 =0%, P < 0.001), unemployed(β = -2.90, 95% CI: -5.71 to -0.63, I2 =75,7%, P < 0.001), more recent diagnosis(OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.57, I2 =0%, P < 0.001). Conclusion This systematic review found a pooled prevalence of self-reported financial toxicity of 45%. Low income, greater annual OOP, younger age, unmarried, unemployed, non-white, no private insurance, advanced cancer, and more recent diagnosis constituted risk factors for self-reported financial toxicity. The Research on risk factors for financial toxicity can provide a theoretical basis for nursing staff to evaluate and intervene in the financial toxicity among cancer survivors.
Study of the Impact of Air Pollution on Convulsions in Children: a Hospital-based Retrospective Study in Hangzhou, China
Authors: Yang Lin , Sun LiXia , Chu Wei , Zhu YaFei , Wu GuangSheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the relationship between the occurrence of convulsions in children and air pollution in Hangzhou.Methods: From January 1st, 2018, to December 31st, 2020, 775 children admitted with convulsion to the pediatric Outpatient clinic of The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University (Hangzhou, China) were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and the corresponding weather data of the day in Hangzhou were collected and analyzed. Also, the monthly etiological classification of convulsions and the monthly average air data of Hangzhou were statistically analyzed.Results: The highest incidence of convulsion was observed in children 1 to 2 years old, and more in males than in females. The top three main causes were febrile seizure, benign infantile convulsion with mild gastroenteritis and epilepsy. Among the meteorological factors, the daily mean concentration of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), PM10 and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were associated with the number of children with convulsion admitted to the outpatient clinic on each day, while SO2 was the most influential factor among all the air pollutants. The increase in the level of PM 2.5 in the air per month could increase the number of patients with febrile seizure, benign infantile convulsion with mild gastroenteritis and epilepsy, but the increase of ozone in 8 hours(O3-8h) per month could decrease the number of patients with febrile seizure, benign infantile convulsion with mild gastroenteritis and epilepsy.Conclusions: PM2.5, PM10 and SO2 are the main meteorological factors affecting the occurrence of convulsions in children in Hangzhou, and PM2.5 and SO2 are correlative factors. The increase in the level of PM2.5 in the air per month could increase occurrence of child convulsions, but the increase of O3-8h per month could decrease occurrence of child convulsions.
Endothelial Dysfunction by Brachial Artery Flow-mediated Dilatation as Predictor of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Novitalia Bunga , Suryawan I Gde Rurus , Subagjo Agus , Ramadhan Muhammad Firdani , Intan Ryan Enast 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is thought to be a risk predictor of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcome. Our aim is to analyse the ED by brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) as a predictor of major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in ACS patients.
Method
This is a prospective cohort study with consecutive sampling for ACS in a hospital at Indonesia in April – May 2021. 69 patients met the inclusion were examined for brachial artery FMD with value < 5% stated as ED. The outcome was MACE during in-hospital, 1 month, and 6 months after hospitalization. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for analysis.
Result
From bivariate analysis, significant result was found for FMD < 5% (RR 7,13; 95%CI = 2,07–24,58; p = 0.001) with 1 month of follow-up MACE and diabetes mellitus (RR 2,57; 95%CI = 1,15 − 5,73; p = 0,043) and FMD < 5% (RR = 5,60; 95%CI = 2,44 − 12,86; p < 0.001) with 6 months of follow-up MACE. In multivariate analysis, FMD < 5% was found as the most significant predictor of 1 month and 6 months follow-up MACE.
Conclusions
ED by brachial artery FMD was an important independent predictor of the 1 month and 6 months MACE after ACS and might be useful for risk stratification outcome.
Interpeduncular cistern intrathecal targeted drug delivery for Intractable Postherpetic Neuralgia: a case report
Authors: Fu Feng , Jiang Xianfeng , Gong Lei , Yun Chen , Tang Fengwu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIntractable Postherpetic Neuralgia(PHN) can be difficult to manage though receiving aggressive multimodal therapies. Patients who experience uncontrolled refractory PHN on head despite conservative treatment may benefit greatly from intrathecal drug delivery system （IDDS）. For craniofacial neuropathic pain，the traditional approach has been to place the intrathecal catheter tip usually below the level of cranial nerve root entry zones, which may lead to an insufficient analgesic effect.Case presentationHerein, we describe a 69-year-old male had a one-year history of PHN after developing a vesicular rash in the ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve) distribution. The pain was rated 7-8 at rest and 9-10 of breakthrough pain(BTP) on an numeric rating scale(NRS). Despite receiving aggressive multimodal therapies including large doses of oral analgesics and Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block (SGB), with no relief of his pain, and subsequently the patient elected to pursue an implantable IDDS with the catheter tip placed at the interpeduncular cistern. The frequency of BTP episodes was also decreased. The patient’s continuous daily dose was adjusted to 0.032 mg/day after 3 months of follow-up and stop 5 months later.ConclusionThe use of interpeduncular cistern intrathecal infusion with low dose of opioids by IDDS may present an effective alternative in the management of severe PHN and other forms of neuropathic-associated craniofacial pain.
Azadirachtin inhibits the development and metabolism of the silk glands of Spodoptera frugiperda and affects spinning behaviour
Authors: Zhao Weihua , Zheng Qun , Qin Deqiang , Luo Peiru , Ye Cuiyi , Shen Shigang , Cheng Dongmei , Huang Suqing , Xu Hanhong , Zhang Zhixiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda is a major agricultural pest, and the 1st -3rd instar S. frugiperda have spinning behaviour and can drift to adjacent plants with the help of the wind. The present study found that azadirachtin can affect this behaviour, and the mechanism by which azadirachtin affects the spinning behaviour of S. frugiperda has been studied. In this study, the 3rd instar larvae were exposed to azadirachtin, and the pathological changes in the silk glands of S. frugiperda and the differences in their metabolites were analysed by pathological sectioning, transmission electron microscopy, metabolomics and other experimental methods. The results showed that azadirachtin can affect the silk gland of S. frugiperda. After 48 h of treatment with azadirachtin, the silk gland lumen of S. frugiperda appeared vacuolated, and KEGG showed that 31 different metabolites were identified, of which 12 were upregulated and 19 were downregulated. These metabolites were enriched in 15 different metabolic pathways, which pathways indicated that the silk gland of S. frugiperda was closely related to the formation of fatty acids and to energy metabolism in the process of silk formation. This research can further explain the spinning mechanism of insects and provide a research basis for determining the spinning, cocooning, and transfer damage mechanisms of many agricultural and forestry pests.
Chemotherapy dose per kilogram lean body mass increased dose-limiting toxicity event in male head and neck cancer with taxane and platinum-based induction therapy
Authors: Hung Chuan-Jen , Kang Bor-Hwang , Chang Keng-Ming , Kang Ying-Ying , Yin Chun-Hao , Lee Ching-Chih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was aimed to whether drug doses per kilogram of lean body mass (LBM) were associated with dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) events in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 179 HNC patients who underwent induction chemotherapy at a medical center from May 1, 2014 to May 31, 2021. HNC patients’ characteristics, tumor factors, IC regimen and dose, laboratory data, and body composition factors, including lean body mass (LBM) and skeletal muscle index (SMI), derived from CT, MRI, or PET scan images and drug dose per kilogram LBM were recorded. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) events were regarded as the primary outcome. Multivariate logistic regression was used to establish a novel risk score for DLT events by the abovementioned variables. Results: The overall DLT events during the first cycle of IC for 179 HNC patients was 24%. After stratifying by gender, docetaxel per kilogram LBM>2.52 mg/kg (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 3.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-8.09), pre-treatment glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT)>40 U/L (aOR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.03-6.64), and history of chronic liver diseases (aOR, 3.98; 95% CI, 1.03-15.46) were significant variables in male HNC patients. The DLT events risk was categorized by summation of the above-mentioned risk factors for male HNC patients. Three risk group were stratified by overall event of 17.6%, 25.8%, and 75%. Conclusions: Among male HNC patients treated with IC, docetaxel per kilogram more than 2.52 mg/kg, pre-treatment GPT>40 U/L, and history of chronic liver disease were significant risk factors for DLT events. Identifying high-risk patients could help physicians prevent severe/fatal complications among HNC patients undergoing IC.
Identification of candidate regulatory elements controlling transcriptome during the formation of interphalangeal joints.
Authors: Tylzanowski Przemko , Nowosad Karol , Brouwer Rutger W. W. , Odrzywolski Adrian , Korporaal Anne L. , Gielniewski Bartłomiej , Wojtaś Bartosz , IJcken Wilfred F. J. van , Grosveld Frank , Huylebroeck Danny 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Formation of the synovial joint starts with the visible emergence of interzone, a stripe of densely packed mesenchymal cells located between distal ends of the developing skeletal anlagen. Recently the transcriptome of the early synovial joint was reported. Knowledge about regulatory elements such as enhancers would complement these data and lead to a better understanding of the genetic control of gene transcription at the onset of joint development. Using ChIP-sequencing we have mapped the H3 signatures H3K27ac and H3K4me1 to locate the regulatory elements specific for the interzone and adjacent phalange, respectively. This atlas of candidate enhancers (CEs) was then used to map the association between these respective joint tissue specific CEs and biological processes. Subsequently, an integrative analysis of transcriptomic data and CEs identified new putative regulatory elements of genes expressed in interzone (e.g. GDF5, BMP2 and DACT2) and phalange (e.g. MATN1, HAPLN1 and SNAI1). We also linked such CEs to genes characterized as crucial in synovial joint hypermobility and osteoarthritis, as well as phalange malformations. These analyses show that the enhancer atlas can serve as resource for identifying putative disease-causing genomic regulatory regions in patients with synovial joint dysfunctions and/or phalange disorders, and enhancer-controlled synovial joint and phalange formation.
A Cross-Sectional Study Investigating The Tools and Resources Australian Medical Students Used to Support Their Mental Health During COVID-19
Authors: Jiang Stephen , Lu Anton , Yeoh Alexandra , Tan Andrea , Vimalanathan Viveeka , Xu Annie , Albarqouni Loai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe mental health of medical students is notoriously poor, and with the additional challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, there has never been greater concern for the wellbeing of the current cohort. This cross-sectional study investigates the impact of coping strategies used by Australian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health improvement, including exercise, using social media, and connecting with family and friends. MethodsAn anonymous questionnaire was shared with medical students from all years via Facebook and General Practice Students Networks’ communications during the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of a variety of lockdown coping strategies utilised by participants was assessed using SPSS.ResultsThere were 321 participants in this study, 69.6% of whom were females, 54.9% in their pre-clinical years, and 70.5% between the ages of 18-24. The results showed that nearly 80% of participants credited their mental health improvement to peri-lockdown strategies. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that reading (non-medical books) and spending more time with family were the most notable peri-lockdown strategies associated with mental health improvement. Interestingly, some coping strategies made some participants more “demotivated” and were in fact more “addictive” which “took away from study time”, especially video games, TV series and movies. ConclusionIn quantitatively and qualitatively illustrating the impact of peri-lockdown coping strategies, we hope that medical faculties and mental health support networks within medicine may more appropriately tailor support and resources for students, not only in this time of hardship, but also for the many challenges ahead of all medical students. More specifically, medical faculty leads could explore the possible implementation of small reminders in the course curriculum, i.e. at the end of lecture and study material, to remind students to take breaks from studying, through reading and/or spending more time with family.
Can Prenatal Diagnosis of Parachute Mitral Valve be Achieved? A Case Report of Fetal Parachute Mitral Valve
Authors: Dai Xiaohui , Chen Jiao , Liu Hanmin , Wu Lin , Zhao Fumin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A parachute mitral valve (PMV) is a common form of congenital mitral stenosis and is difficult to diagnose prenatally. We herein report a fetal case of PMV with coarctation of the aorta diagnosed at 25 weeks’ gestation by ultrasound and supported by autopsy. We also describe the use of a new sign to achieve a prenatal diagnosis of PMV.
Exploring the Concept of Cognitive Digital Twins from Model-Based Systems Engineering Perspective
Authors: Lu Jinzhi , Yang Zhaorui , Zheng Xiaochen , Wang Jian , Kiritsis Dimitris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Digital Twin technology has been widely applied in various industry domains. Modern industrial systems are highly complex consisting of multiple interrelated systems, subsystems and components. During the lifecycle of an industrial system, multiple digital twin models might be created related to different domains and lifecycle phases. The integration of these relevant models is crucial for creating higher-level intelligent systems. The Cognitive Digital Twin (CDT) concept has been proposed to address this challenge by empowering digital twins with augmented semantic capabilities. It aims at identifying the dynamics and interrelationships of virtual models, thus to enhance complexity management capability and to support decision-making during the full system lifecycle. This paper aims to explore the CDT concept and its core elements following a systems engineering approach. A conceptual architecture is designed according to the ISO 42010 standard to support CDT development; and an application framework enabled by knowledge graph is provided to guide the CDT applications. In addition, an enabling tool-chain is proposed corresponding to the framework to facilitate the implementation of CDT. Finally, a case study is conducted, based on simulation experiments as a proof-of-concept.
RNA-seq and cytological study of sex-specific meiosis response to Gsdf in medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Authors: Li Xi , Li Xinwen , Li Wenhao , Zhang Yingqing , Guo Haiyan , Wang Guangxing , Li Yayuan , Wu Xiaowen , Hu Ruiqin , Wang Siyu , Zhao Xiaomiao , Chen Liangbiao , Guan Guijun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sexually dimorphic meiosis is monitored by meiotic recombination to prevent the formation of abnormal gametes in males and females. However, the regulatory mechanism of sex-specific meiotic recombination is not completely understood. Here we report the role of gsdf, a unique BMP/TGF-b family member gene, in the regulation of meiotic recombination in medaka (Oryzias latipes) based on the RNA-seq and cytogenetic analysis of normal and gsdf deficient gametogenesis. Several differentially expressed genes, including the FKB506-binding protein 7 (fkbp7), were significantly upregulated in pubertal gsdf deficient gonads. The escalation of alternative pre-mRNA isoforms of meiotic synaptonemal complex genes including sycp3 were visualized using Integrative Genomics Viewer and confirmed by real-time qPCR. However, immunofluorescence analysis showed that Sycp3 protein products in gsdf deficient XY oocytes were significantly reduced. Transmission electron microscope observations showed that asynchronous cysts replaced normal synchronous cysts in gsdf-deficient testis. Breeding experiments revealed a skewed ratio of gsdf−/− XY gamete fertility in a non-Mendelian manner resulting in XY chromosome non-disjunction. Taken together, our observations suggest that Gsdf signaling may directly or indirectly affect meiotic recombination in the process of sex-specific division of germline stem cells.