bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of partial closure of an emergency department on utilization of emergency departments
Authors: Harbak Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

Background: As a result of multiple recommendations from the Danish Health Authority during 2005-2006, the structure of emergency care was reconfigured, including a reduction in the number of entry points in the form of EDs. The reconfiguration process was set to start in 2007, with a goal of completion within 5-10 years. The aim of this study is to shed light on the effect of partial closure of an ED on the utilization of EDs.
Methods: Our population-based historic cohort study was based on data from Statistics Denmark and from Danish health registries, including the Danish Civil Registration System and the Danish National Patient Registry. We included all non-psychiatric ED contacts in citizens of Vejle municipal in the period 2014 to 2015 as Vejle ED on 5 January 2015 ceased its intake of acute orthopedic injuries between 10 pm and 7 am. As of 2015, Vejle municipality had 111,138 citizens. Contacts were excluded if patients where below 18 years old. For each contact emergency department utilized, residential municipal, and date of contact was extracted. Difference-in-difference (DID) estimation based on linear regression was employed, the dependent variable being aggregated daily ED contacts. The control group was defined as contacts between 7 am and 11 pm, and the cases being contacts between 11 pm and 7 am.Results: The study included a total of 39,659 contacts. Out of these 34,901 where between 7 am and 11 pm, and 4,758 where between 11 pm and 7 am. In days before 5 January 2015 there was on average 7.33 contacts between 11pm and 7am, in days after the average was 5.75 contacts, resulting in a 21.6% drop. The DID analysis’ comparison of contacts before and after 5 January 2015 resulted in a coefficient of -2.07, p<0.01, 95%CI [-3.44, -0.70].
Conclusion: In conclusion, the negative DID coefficient found shows a drop of 2 contacts per day between 11pm and 7am. This drop in utilization of EDs could indicate an inequality in accessibility to healthcare. This begs the question; which citizens does not utilize the EDs after reconfiguration, and what conquests this brings?
Work environment in emergency medicine needs to be improved
Authors: Schmidt Thomas A. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Emergency medicine (EM) is a novel specialty in Denmark. So far there are only 111 board certified specialists in EM in Denmark ~5 per Emergency department (ED). We hypothesize that stressful ED work environment may impact EM recruitment. The aim of our analysis was to evaluate the rate of applicants for EM junior and senior residency and relate it to ED patient complaint rate and work environment.
Methods: We evaluated EM junior residency applications; and we calculated the rate of unfilled versus posted EM senior residency appointments In Denmark in 2020. As received by The Danish Agency for Patient Complaints we compared complaints from patients received over a 3-year period for EM, Respiratory medicine (RM), Cardiology (Card) and Endocrinology (Endo). One-way analysis of variance was performed to assess overall significance which was followed by a Tukey studentized range test procedure to locate the possible differences. We anonymously asked affiliated EM junior residents to qualify the reason for their application and whether they intend to apply for senior residency.Results We found a surplus of EM junior residency applications. Thus, positions were easily filled. Conversely unfilled senior EM residency appointments in Denmark amounted to 31 out of 52 posted appointments, meaning that 59% of EM senior residency appointments were unfilled. Patient complaints amounted to (means±SEM) EM 333±55; RM 88±9; Card 113±17; Endo 58±8, meaning a 3 to 5fold higher patient complaint rate in EM (p < 0.0006). There were no statistical differences in patient complaints among RM, Card and Endo. Among 8 EM junior residents 63% expressed interest in an EM career as the reason for their application but following EM experience none intended to apply for senior residency.
Conclusion: More than half of posted senior residency positions in EM remain vacant. Patient complaints are significantly frequent in EM compared to other medical specialties. Junior residents are reluctant to pursue senior residency. Stressful ED working environment needs to be improved to facilitate EM recruitment.
Improvement of the Nutritional Value of Rice Biscuits with Some Vitamins and Minerals Using Soy Flour and Strawberry Powder
Authors: Afify Hayat M. N. , Hussien Hanan A. , Omima S. R. Shams 
Published: September 2022

Aims: The purpose of this paper is to develop a biscuit incorporated with defatted soy ﬂour and strawberry powder to enhance its nutritional value of it.
Methodology: The proportion of rice ﬂour and defatted soy four were 25% and the level of strawberry powder used for making biscuit samples was 0, 5, 10 and 15% respectively. The biscuits were evaluated for their quality based on proximate analysis, physical properties and sensory evaluation.
Results: Based on chemical analysis protein, ﬁber content and β-carotene level increased with increasing the amount of strawberry powder. The most preferred products were that with 25% defatted soy ﬂour and 10 per cent strawberry powder. It is noticed that 100gm of biscuits with 20% defatted soy ﬂour and 10% strawberry powder provide 4-8 years-old children with 44% of their needs of protein, 20.23% of their needs of iron, 19.06% of zinc and 48.01% of folate.
Conclusion: The addition of both defatted soy ﬂour and strawberry powder as a ﬂour replacer in gluten-free biscuits improves its nutritional value without aﬀecting its physical properties and consumer acceptance.
Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on patients with Parkinson's disease: A meta‐analysis of 13,878 patients
Authors: Mai Aaron Shengting , Yong Jung Hahn , Tan Brendan Jen‐Wei , Xiao Bin , Tan Eng‐King 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical, neuropsychological, and socioeconomic factors affecting Parkinson's disease (PD) during COVID‐19 pandemic across different populations have not been systematically studied. To address this, we conducted a meta‐analysis of factors that impact the well‐being of PD patients during the pandemic.MethodsMedline and Embase were searched for articles published between 2020 and 2022. We conducted random‐effects pooling of estimates and meta‐regression.ResultsTwenty‐seven studies involving 13,878 patients from America, Europe, Asia, and Africa were included. There is a high prevalence of decreased physical activity and exercise, and worsening motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms (17–56%). Patients in lower‐income countries more frequently reported worsening anxiety (adjusted OR [aOR] 8.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62–49.28, p = 0.012), sleep (aOR 5.16, 95% CI 1.15–23.17, p = 0.032), and PD symptoms (aOR 3.57, 95% CI 0.96–13.34, p = 0.058). Lockdown was associated with decreased exercise levels (aOR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02–0.78, p = 0.025) and worsening mood (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24–0.95, p = 0.035). Younger age correlated with decreased physical activity (β −0.30, 95% CI −0.53 to −0.07, p = 0.012), exercise (β −0.11, 95% CI −0.15 to −0.07, p < 0.001), worsening PD symptoms (β −0.08, 95% CI −0.15 to −0.01, p = 0.018), and sleep (β −0.14, 95% CI −0.27 to 0, p = 0.044). Female PD patients reported a greater decrease in physical activity (β 11.94, 95% CI 2.17–21.71, p = 0.017) and worse sleep (β 10.76, 95% CI 2.81–18.70, p = 0.008).ConclusionThis large meta‐analysis of PD patients in diverse populations identified a high prevalence of physical and mental worsening during the COVID‐19 pandemic, with patients in lower‐income countries being exceptionally vulnerable.
Will Power
Authors: Finch Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOne of Alsop & Lyall's first built works was a swimming pool at Sheringham in Norfolk, close to Alsop's family home, and was a long, extruded form. Paul Finch followed Alsop's entire career through the eyes of a journalist, making the connection between the use of the formal extrusion as design tactic and many of the buildings and schemes that came later. Coupled with Alsop's non‐belief in the old ‘form follows function’ idiom, this allowed him to create vivacious architectural designs, urban districts and whole cities.
Forty B&H and a Pork Pie: My Dad the Architect
Authors: Alsop Ollie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLetting us into a side of Alsop seldom seen, Will's son Ollie Alsop relates small vignettes of domestic and close working life, including at the family's apparently ad hoc Norfolk house. The improvised homely home seems at odds perhaps with the chimera of a successful architects’ residence where material and space are held in taught alignment. Paradoxically, Will's personal habits were concerned with the exactitude of repetitively laying out his drawing, drinking and smoking accoutrements on the kitchen table each morning.
Art of the Impossible: A Posthumous Supercrit
Authors: Rattenbury Kester 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKester Rattenbury convenes the long‐running Supercrit series at the University of Westminster, London. Here she describes proceedings at Supercrit #8, which presented Alsop's ‘Le Grand Bleu’ in Marseille, France, the competition‐winning building for the headquarters of the regional government of the Hôtel du Département des Bouches‐du‐Rhône. The event was conducted without its star performer, who had, alas, died six months prior. The invited panellists represented a range of design inputs from engineers to artists, each demonstrating their respect for Alsop and his creative verve while offering critical reflections on this ground‐breaking project.
Thrombin‐Loaded Magnetic Microbubbles for the Treatment of Pseudoaneurysms
Authors: Thomas Alec , Shieh Bernard , Bau Luca , Lee Regent , Handa Ashok , Stride Eleanor 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe drive toward minimally invasive surgery has yielded multiple benefits for patients but has also increased the incidence of pseudoaneurysms (PSA). The current standard of care is ultrasound‐guided thrombin injection to coagulate blood in the PSA sac and seal the ruptured vessel. There is, however, a risk of downstream thrombosis if thrombin escapes into the communicating vessel and this limits patient eligibility for thrombin injection. In this study, the feasibility of using magnetic targeting to reduce the risk of distal thrombosis is investigated. Thrombin‐loaded magnetic microbubbles are formulated and injected into tissue‐mimicking phantoms of PSAs with different geometries using either saline or whole (equine) blood. Ultrasound imaging is used to quantify the concentration of bubbles remaining in the sac with and without application of a custom‐built magnetic array. An absorbance‐based assay is also used to quantify the concentration of thrombin escaping from the sac. Magnetic targeting enables a significant increase in thrombin retention in all femoral artery PSA models except one, with up to 97% ± 2.5% of the injected thrombin being retained. It is also confirmed that the enzymatic activity of thrombin is maintained, and that clot formation can be successfully achieved in whole blood.
Charge‐Compensated N‐Doped π‐Conjugated Polymers: Toward both Thermodynamic Stability of N‐Doped States in Water and High Electron Conductivity
Authors: Borrmann Fabian , Tsuda Takuya , Guskova Olga , Kiriy Nataliya , Hoffmann Cedric , Neusser David , Ludwigs Sabine , Lappan Uwe , Simon Frank , Geisler Martin , Debnath Bipasha , Krupskaya Yulia , Al‐Hussein Mahmoud , Kiriy Anton 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe understanding and applications of electron‐conducting π‐conjugated polymers with naphtalene diimide (NDI) blocks show remarkable progress in recent years. Such polymers demonstrate a facilitated n‐doping due to the strong electron deficiency of the main polymer chain and the presence of the positively charged side groups stabilizing a negative charge of the n‐doped backbone. Here, the n‐type conducting NDI polymer with enhanced stability of its n‐doped states for prospective “in‐water” applications is developed. A combined experimental–theoretical approach is used to identify critical features and parameters that control the doping and electron transport process. The facilitated polymer reduction ability and the thermodynamic stability in water are confirmed by electrochemical measurements and doping studies. This material also demonstrates a high conductivity of 10−2 S cm−1 under ambient conditions and 10−1 S cm−1 in vacuum. The modeling explains the stabilizing effects for various dopants. The simulations show a significant doping‐induced “collapse” of the positively charged side chains on the core bearing a partial negative charge. This explains a decrease in the lamellar spacing observed in experiments. This study fundamentally enables a novel pathway for achieving both thermodynamic stability of the n‐doped states in water and the high electron conductivity of polymers.
Epoxidation of crambe seed oil with peracetic acid formed in situ
Authors: Iwassa Isabela Julio , Saldaña Marleny D. A. , Cardozo‐Filho Lucio , da Silva Camila 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the epoxidation of crambe seed oil (CSO) using peracetic acid formed in situ during the reaction process. First, a preliminary study of the main operational variables was carried out. Then, the kinetic behavior of the reaction was verified, evaluating the effect of the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ethylenic unsaturation, catalyst percentage and temperature. The results indicate that the smallest amount of hydrogen peroxide (1.1 mol mol−1) favors the relative conversion to oxygen oxirane (RCO) and that an increase in the catalyst percentage up to 2.4 wt% intensifies the reaction, maintaining the stability of the process. In addition, the reaction carried out at high temperatures results in greater conversions in short time, however, it is necessary that the reaction is stopped at the exact time, avoiding exceeding the formation of epoxy resulting in the obtaining of by‐products. Some unsaturated fatty acids are partially consumed while others (linolenic and gondoic acid) are completely consumed during the entire reaction. The epoxidized oils showed higher viscosities in relation to the CSO. The FTIR spectra indicated the appearance of the epoxide group and the analysis by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer indicated the formation of two epoxidized compounds, 3‐octyl oxirane octanoic acid and 10‐oxo‐octadecanoic acid methyl ester. The highest efficiency for the formation of CSO epoxides, within the ranges of the variables evaluated, was observed at 80°C, 8 h reaction, using a H2O2to CC molar ratio of 1.1 mol mol−1and 2.4 wt% H2SO4.
Maternal risk factors vary between subpopulations of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Grivas Genevieve , Frye Richard E. , Hahn Juergen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious work identified three subgroups of children with ASD based upon co‐occurring conditions (COCs) diagnosed during the first 5 years of life. This work examines prenatal risk factors, given by maternal medical claims, for each of the three subgroups: children with a High‐Prevalence of COCs, children with mainly developmental delay and seizures (DD/Seizure COCs), and children with a Low‐Prevalence of COCs. While some risk factors are shared by all three subgroups, the majority of the factors identified for each subgroup were unique; infections, anti‐inflammatory and other complex medications were associated with the High‐Prevalence COCs group; immune deregulatory conditions such as asthma and joint disorders were associated with the DD/Seizure COCs group; and overall pregnancy complications were associated with the Low‐Prevalence COCs group. Thus, we have found that the previously identified subgroups of children with ASD have distinct associated prenatal risk factors. As such, this work supports subgrouping children with ASD based upon COCs, which may provide a framework for elucidating some of the heterogeneity associated with ASD.
There is more to attraction than meets the eye: Studying decoy‐induced attention allocation without eye tracking
Authors: Marini Marco , Sapienza Alessandro , Paglieri Fabio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContext effects in decision making refer to any influence on options evaluation resulting from its relational properties with other available alternatives. Over the last 40 years, a large corpus of research showed that decision makers are sensitive to irrelevant options and tend to modify their preferences depending on choice architecture. The attraction effect is a well‐known example of context effect, which describes an increase in preferences for an option when a dominated alternative is inserted in the choice set. Sequential sampling models (SSM) interpret decision biases as the result of a dynamic comparative process between the available options that alters subjective values attribution. Recently, SSM received empirical support from eye‐tracking studies that documented a decoy‐dependent allocation of attention. In this study, we integrate previous process‐tracing results using a new hidden‐attribute protocol, in which decision makers have to explore products' attributes, keep in mind their values, and deliberately compare the options. This new methodology allows this study to offer additional evidence on the role of decoys in the dynamic process of choice. In a consumer‐choice task, the addition of an asymmetrically dominated decoy first focused the attention on the target during attributes exploration, which in turn led to an increase in the dominant option preferences at the choice stage. This suggests that adding irrelevant options affects the information sampling procedures, insofar as the comparative process is influenced by the dominance relationship of the alternatives. These results are consistent with past eye‐tracking studies and verify previous connectionist theories of the attraction effect.
High‐salt diet contributes to excess oxidative stress and abnormal metabolism in mouse ovaries
Authors: Hou Entai , Yan Jie , Zhu Xiaohui , Qiao Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHigh‐salt diets (HSDs) are associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play a key role in ovarian disorders. However, it is not yet clear whether HSDs impact ovarian redox balance and metabolism. Accordingly, in this study, we analyzed the effect of HSDs on ovarian redox balance by biochemical analysis and further dissected its possible mechanism by metabolic analysis combined with the correlation network method. We found that ROS and H2O2 levels significantly increased in the ovarian tissue of mice receiving an HSD for 4 weeks. The enhanced activity of NADPH oxidase may contribute to an increase in ROS in ovarian tissue after excessive salt consumption. Meanwhile, the activities of key antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 2, glutathione peroxidase, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, increased significantly. The apparent activation of antioxidant defense appeared insufficient as the glutathione, GSH/GSSG ratio, and NADPH/NADP+ ratio decreased significantly. In addition, HSDs significantly altered the metabolic patterns of ovarian tissue in mice, and pathways were mainly enriched in fatty acid metabolism. Arachidonic acid was an altered hub metabolite according to Pearson correlation network analysis. Mechanistically, an HSD increased the concentration of arachidonic acid in ovarian tissue, inducing high NADPH oxidase activity, which increased the levels of ROS and H2O2. Our results indicate that HSDs can lead to increased oxidative stress and dramatically alter the metabolic patterns in mouse ovarian tissues.
Antithrombotics prescription and adherence among stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yang Min , Cheng Hang , Wang Xia , Ouyang Menglu , Shajahan Sultana , Carcel Cheryl , Anderson Craig , Kristoffersen Espen Saxhaug , Lin Yapeng , Sandset Else Charlotte , Wang Xiaoyun , Yang Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the prescription of antithrombotic drugs (including anticoagulants and antiplatelets) and medication adherence after stroke.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature search across MEDLINE and Embase, from January 1, 2015, to February 17, 2022, to identify studies reporting antithrombotic medications (anticoagulants and antiplatelets) post stroke. Two people independently identified reports to include, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies according to the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Where possible, data were pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis.ResultsWe included 453,625 stroke patients from 46 studies. The pooled proportion of prescribed antiplatelets and anticoagulants among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) was 62% (95% CI: 57%–68%), and 68% (95% CI: 58%–79%), respectively. The pooled proportion of patients who were treated according to the recommendation of guidelines of antithrombotic medications from four studies was 67% (95% CI: 41%–93%). It was reported that 11% (95% CI: 2%–19%) of patients did not receive antithrombotic medications. Good adherence to antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic medications was 78% (95% CI: 67%–89%), 71% (95% CI: 57%–84%), and 73% (95% CI: 59%–86%), respectively.ConclusionIn conclusion, we found that less than 70% of patients were prescribed and treated according to the recommended guidelines of antithrombotic medications, and good adherence to antithrombotic medications is only 73%. Prescription rate and good adherence to antithrombotic medications still need to be improved among stroke survivors.
Magnetic nanoparticles enhance the cellular immune response of dendritic cell tumor vaccines by realizing the cytoplasmic delivery of tumor antigens
Authors: Huang Linghong , Liu Zonghua , Wu Chongjie , Lin Jiansheng , Liu Ning 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs)‐based tumor vaccines have the advantages of high safety and rapid activation of T cells, and have been approved for clinical tumor treatment. However, the conventional DC vaccines have some severe problems, such as poor activation of DCs in vitro, low level of antigen presentation, reduced cell viability, and difficulty in targeting lymph nodes in vivo, resulting in poor clinical therapeutic effects. In this research, magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4@Ca/MnCO3 were prepared and used to actively and efficiently deliver antigens to the cytoplasm of DCs, promote antigen cross‐presentation and DC activation, and finally enhance the cellular immune response of DC vaccines. The results show that the magnetic nanoparticles can actively and quickly deliver antigens to the cytoplasm of DCs by regulating the magnetic field, and achieve cross‐presentation of antigens. At the same time, the nanoparticles degradation product Mn2+ enhanced immune stimulation through the interferon gene stimulating protein (STING) pathway, and another degradation product Ca2+ ultimately promoted cellular immune response by increasing autophagy. The DC vaccine constructed with the magnetic nanoparticles can more effectively migrate to the lymph nodes, promote the proliferation of CD8+ T cells, prolong the time of immune memory, and produce higher antibody levels. Compared with traditional DC vaccines, cytoplasmic antigen delivery with the magnetic nanoparticles provides a new idea for the construction of novel DC vaccines.