bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploratory study on the prevalence of workplace violence: the case of Algerian hospitals
Authors: Heddar Yamina , Djebabra Mébarek , Saadi Saadia 
Published: February 2022

PurposeWorkplace violence is a universal phenomenon that is constantly increasing. In this regard, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of violence committed against Algerian health professionals.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey, based on an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire, was conducted in healthcare settings of eastern Algeria (where 144 respondents participated in this study). Besides, socio-demographic characteristics and data related to violence, including its prevalence, different forms, perpetrators, reporting and the way it is handled, were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.FindingsHalf of the respondents were victims of violence. More specifically, 90.1% of them were verbally abused. Compared to physical violence, verbal violence was significantly perpetrated against women and young health professionals (p < 0.05). However, nurses and those with less than or equal to five years of work experience were the most vulnerable to both types of violence (p < 0.05). Moreover, the main perpetrators were the patients' relatives (70%) followed by the patients themselves (51.4%). In terms of risk treatment, aggressors were verbally warned (60%). For violence reporting, 31% of the respondents observe such a fact as not being important. Finally, 65.7% of the participants reported that their employers had provided them with security measures (guards).Originality/valueThis is the first study conducted in Algeria that examines the prevalence of violence and its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics. Authorities must react effectively to solve this problem by implementing preventive and anticipatory strategies.
Drivers and interrelationships of three types of pro-environmental behaviors in the workplace
Authors: Kim Minseong , Lee Sae-Mi 
Published: February 2022

PurposePrior research in the human resources management fields focused primarily on one type of employees’ pro-environmental behaviors yet failed to empirically investigate interrelationships among the distinct dimensions of their pro-environmental behaviors. To build a deeper understanding of the psychological process in becoming an environmental activist in the workplace, this study aims to examine the interrelationships among frontline employees’ green autonomous motivation, green external motivation, environmental concern, self-efficacy and three types of pro-environmental behaviors (i.e. green idea generation behavior, green idea promotion behavior and green idea activist behavior).Design/methodology/approachWith the survey method, the data were collected from frontline employees working at hospitality enterprises in South Korea. This study analyzed the collected data, including frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.FindingsThe empirical results showed that autonomous motivation significantly influenced environmental concern, self-efficacy, green idea generation behavior and green idea promotion behavior. Also, external motivation significantly affected environmental concern, self-efficacy and green idea promotion behavior. Furthermore, environmental concern had significant influences on self-efficacy and green idea promotion behavior, and self-efficacy had significant effects on green idea generation behavior and green idea promotion behavior. Finally, green idea activist behavior was significantly influenced by green idea generation behavior and green idea promotion behavior only.Practical implicationsThis study proposes managerial implications to hospitality organizations and public policymakers for maximizing the effectiveness and efficiency of their green initiatives via frontline employees’ green idea activist behavior.Originality/valueBased on the empirical findings, this study proposes several theoretical and practical implications for the extant literature and the service industry in the context of frontline employees’ three types of pro-environmental behaviors from their working motivation.
In this together: the long-term effect of a collective crisis on the retail and service sector
Authors: Ferraro Carla , Sands Sean , Schnack Alexander , Elms Jonathan , Campbell Colin L. 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis research explores anticipated long-term change in the retail and services marketplace, directly arising as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA series of 20 in-depth interviews were conducted with retail and service stakeholders (executives, suppliers and thought-leaders) from across Asia-Pacific (New Zealand and Australia), the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States.FindingsWe identify six guiding principles for long-term change in the retail and services sector required to guide future business development and practice, including embedding new ways of working, rethinking the role and purpose of physical space, prioritizing digital elements, integrating employees in community, building agile supply and planning for future turbulence.Originality/valueThe Covid-19 pandemic is different from prior disruptive experiences in that it was a sudden shock to business and was collectively experienced by firms, workers and consumers across the globe. This research provides a view of decision-makers’ sensemaking and anticipated changes impacting the future retail and services marketplace.
Turn the table around: workplace incivility, coworker deviance, turnover intentions and nurses' job performance
Authors: Faheem Muhammad Asim , Ali Hafiz Yasir , Akhtar Muhammad Waheed , Asrar-ul-Haq Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe present study aims to analyze the effect of workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance.Design/methodology/approachData were obtained from 318 nurses using a structured questionnaire. The multistage sampling technique was used to distribute the questionnaire and analysis was performed through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings show association between workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance. Further, the findings state that coworker deviant behavior has impact on turnover intentions and nurses' job performance.Research limitations/implicationsResults of the study show critical situation for healthcare sector. Findings show that negative behaviors influence nurses' performance and escalate their intentions to leave this profession. These findings can help authorities to take some actions and use interventions to suppress or control these negative behaviors to improve the nursing performance at workplace.Originality/valueThe nursing literature is devoid of evidence about how workplace incivility and coworker deviant behavior influence employee outcomes.
Naïve Bayesian classification of cumulative oil production from stochastic amplitude variation with angle inversion attributes: As applied to SEAM and a West Africa Field
Authors: Powers Hayden , Trainor‐Guitton Whitney , Hoversten G. Michael 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTCumulative oil predictions are made from stochastically inverted earth attributes. The inverted attributes are from the SEAM Life of Field model and an offshore field in West Africa. To perform the prediction, we use a naïve Bayesian classifier for its transparency in methodology, computational efficiency and flexibility. The inverted properties we use for classification consist of porosity, P‐S wave velocity ratio (Vp/Vs), acoustic impedance and density which are extracted from within a set radius around the well‐path. The production from the wells in both SEAM and the West African field serve as the labels for the naïve Bayesian classifier, which are ultimately placed into two classes: the ‘high’ and ‘low’ producers. For calculating the accuracy of the classifier, we perform full cross‐validation with a set number of training wells. The cross‐validation accuracy is 78.0% and 83.3% for the SEAM model and the West African Field respectively. The classifier's sensitivity to the chosen radius around the wells and its inherent independence assumption are investigated and shown to change the bulk accuracy by less than 3.0%. We implement full reservoir classifications on SEAM to highlight potential drilling locations and show the capability of the classifier. Overall, we demonstrate how the naïve Bayesian classifier can efficiently and transparently synthesize the entire distribution of stochastic inversions of seismic data to predict oil production.
The Correlation of Wealth Between Parents and Children in Australia
Authors: Siminski Peter , Yu Sin Hung (Timothy) 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe present the first estimates of intergenerational wealth mobility for Australia. The rank correlation is 0.253, compared to 0.306 for the United States using comparable methods. This correlation varies greatly by child age when wealth is observed, from 0.1 before age 30, to 0.5 after age 40. This sharp increase with age is stronger than for other countries, is not explained by sample selection bias and is not specific to particular types of wealth. We also argue that neither income mobility nor wealth mobility, as operationalised in empirical work, align neatly with the wealth concept in the Becker & Tomes framework.
‘Don't be so serious’: ethical play, Islam, and the transcendent
Authors: Birchok Daniel Andrew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractModes of play and playfulness are central to ethics, yet have not been as rigorously considered by anthropologists as have more earnest forms of ethical life. In this article, I argue that attention to play reframes recent anthropological debates about ethical transcendence and immanence. I do so through a consideration of the Islamic discourse of ‘calculation’ (ḥisāb), an idiom by which Muslims articulate their hoped‐for state in the hereafter through the imagery of a divine accounting of good and bad deeds. Drawing on ethnography from the Indonesian province of Aceh, I show howḥisābcultivates forms of epistemological play through which Muslims explore the inscrutability of transcendence. Such play reveals the socially and theologically emergent qualities of transcendent truths and values, suggesting hidden affinities between transcendent stances and more immanent forms of ethical life.
Histomorphological, histochemical and scanning electron microscopic investigation of the proventriculus (Ventriculus glandularis) of the hooded crow (Corvus cornix)
Authors: Abdel Maksoud Mohamed K. M. , Ibrahim Azza A. H. , Nabil Taghreed Mohamed , Moawad Usama Kamal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe current investigation aimed to clarify the histomorphological features, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histochemistry of the proventriculus in the adult hooded crow (Corvus cornix). Twenty‐two adult birds of both sexes were collected from El‐Fayoum and Beni‐Suef governorates, Egypt; ten were used for anatomical investigation, two were scanned using SEM, and ten were subjected to routine histological technique. The obtained anatomical results revealed a small‐sized spindle‐shaped proventriculus obliquely located in the left ventral part of the body cavity with an average body weight, length and diameter of 1.689 ± 0.231 gm, 1.54 ± 0.383cm and 3.51 ± 0.416cm, respectively. The histological examination revealed a typical tubular organ. The mucosa exhibited several plicae and sulci that were lined with simple columnar cells. The lamina propria was composed of collagenous connective tissue infiltrated by lymphocytes, lymphatic aggregations and tubular glands. The submucosa consisted of collagenic fibres and compound tubuloalveolar glandular lobules lined with oxynticopeptic cells and enteroendocrine cells. The oxynticopeptic cells reacted negatively with PAS and Alcian Blue stains, whereas the ductal cells reacted positively with PAS only. Enteroendocrine cells were seen singly in the lamina epithelialis mucosae and were abundant in submucosal glands. The tunica musclaris was arranged in two layers covered by serosa. The proventricular glands’ openings were noticed by SEM as raised tubes with regular circular outlines surrounded by anastomosed microscopic folds. The obtained histomorphological structure of the hooded crow's proventriculus revealed some shared morphological features with most species of birds and some variations that might be attributed to their diet and feeding behaviour.
The predictive value of the ages and stages questionnaire in late infancy for low average cognitive ability at age 5
Authors: Bowe Andrea K. , Hourihane Jonathan , Staines Anthony , Murray Deirdre M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThis retrospective, longitudinal study examined the predictive value of the ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ) in late infancy for identifying children who progressed to have low cognitive ability at 5 years of age.MethodsThe ASQ was performed on 755 participants from the Irish BASELINE birth cohort at 24 or 27 months of age. Intelligence quotient was measured at age 5 with the Kaufmann Brief Intelligence Test, Second Edition, and low cognitive ability was defined as a score more than 1 standard deviation below the mean. The ASQ’s predictive value was examined, together with other factors associated with low cognitive ability at 5 years.ResultsWhen the ASQ was performed at 24 or 27 months, the overall sensitivity for identifying low cognitive ability at 5 years was 20.8% and the specificity was 91.1%. Using a total score cut‐off point increased the sensitivity to 46.6% and 71.4% at 24 and 27 months, but specificity fell to 74.1% and 67.2%, respectively. After adjusting for ASQ performance, maternal education and family income were strongly associated with cognitive outcomes at 5 years.ConclusionThe ASQ did not detect the majority of children with low cognitive ability at age 5. Alternative methods need investigation.
The double impact of deep social unrest and a pandemic: Evidence from Chile
Authors: Madeira Carlos 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work studies the impact of the Social Explosion and COVID‐19 crisis on the household sector in Chile. The Social Explosion in October 2019 represented a mass protest, much larger than similar events in other nations such as the yellow jackets. Using delinquency models calibrated with survey data, I show that household debt risk increased substantially after the Social Explosion across all income backgrounds but fell slightly with the COVID‐19 pandemic due to the public policies implemented. The expansion of the public support policies in August 2020 decreased the debt risk to levels similar to before the two crises.
Evaluating the mitigation effectiveness of forests managed for conservation versus commodity production using an Australian example
Authors: Keith Heather , Mackey Brendan , Kun Zoltan , Mikoláš Martin , Svitok Marek , Svoboda Miroslav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractForests are critical for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation: reducing emissions, increasing removals, and providing resilient ecosystems with stable long‐term carbon storage. However, evaluating the mitigation effectiveness of forests managed for conservation versus commodity production has been long debated. We assessed factors influencing evaluation of mitigation effectiveness––land area, time horizon, reference level, carbon stock longevity––and tested the outcomes using analyses of carbon dynamics from an Australian ecosystem. Results showed that landscape scale accounting using carbon carrying capacity as the reference level and assessed over a series of time horizons best enables explicit evaluation of mitigation benefits. Time horizons need to differentiate between near‐term emissions reduction targets (2030 and 2050), relative longevity of carbon stocks in different reservoirs, and long‐term impacts on atmospheric CO2 concentration. Greatest mitigation benefits derive from conservation through continued forest growth (52% gain in carbon stock by 2050) and accumulating carbon to attain carbon retention potential (70% gain). Cumulative emissions from harvesting result in permanent elevation of atmospheric CO2 concentration (32 times the annual emission by rotation end). We recommend these time horizons and landscape scales for evaluating forest management to better guide policies and investments for achieving climate mitigation and biodiversity conservation.
Global plant‐frugivore trait matching is shaped by climate and biogeographic history
Authors: McFadden Ian R. , Fritz Susanne A. , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , Pellissier Loïc , Kissling W. Daniel , Tobias Joseph A. , Schleuning Matthias , Graham Catherine H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSpecies interactions are influenced by the trait structure of local multi‐trophic communities. However, it remains unclear whether mutualistic interactions in particular can drive trait patterns at the global scale, where climatic constraints and biogeographic processes gain importance. Here we evaluate global relationships between traits of frugivorous birds and palms (Arecaceae), and how these relationships are affected, directly or indirectly, by assemblage richness, climate and biogeographic history. We leverage a new and expanded gape size dataset for nearly all avian frugivores, and find a positive relationship between gape size and fruit size, that is, trait matching, which is influenced indirectly by palm richness and climate. We also uncover a latitudinal gradient in trait matching strength, which increases towards the tropics and varies among zoogeographic realms. Taken together, our results suggest trophic interactions have consistent influences on trait structure, but that abiotic, biogeographic and richness effects also play important, though sometimes indirect, roles in shaping the functional biogeography of mutualisms.
A test of Darwin’s naturalization conundrum in birds reveals enhanced invasion success in the presence of close relatives
Authors: Sol Daniel , Garcia‐Porta Joan , González‐Lagos Cesar , Pigot Alex L. , Trisos Christopher , Tobias Joseph A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiological invasions pose one of the most severe environmental challenges of the twenty‐first century. A longstanding idea is that invasion risk is predictable based on the phylogenetic distance – and hence ecological resemblance – between non‐native and native species. However, current evidence is contradictory. To explain these mixed results, it has been proposed that the effect is scale‐dependent, with invasion inhibited by phylogenetic similarity at small spatial scales but enhanced at larger scales. Analyzing invasion outcomes in a global sample of bird communities, we find no evidence to support this hypothesis. Instead, our results suggest that invaders are locally more successful in the presence of closely related and ecologically similar species, at least in human‐altered environments where the majority of invasions have occurred. Functional trait analyses further confirm that the ecological niches of invaders are phylogenetically conserved, supporting the notion that successful invasion in the presence of close relatives is driven by shared adaptations to the types of niches available in novel environments.
Sex roles in birds: Phylogenetic analyses of the influence of climate, life histories and social environment
Authors: Gonzalez‐Voyer Alejandro , Thomas Gavin H. , Liker András , Krüger Oliver , Komdeur Jan , Székely Tamás 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSex roles describe sex differences in courtship, mate competition, social pair‐bonds and parental care. A key challenge is to identify associations among the components and the drivers of sex roles. Here, we investigate sex roles using data from over 1800 bird species. We found extensive variation and lability in proxies of sex roles, indicating remarkably independent evolution among sex role components. Climate and life history showed weak associations with sex roles. However, adult sex ratio is associated with sexual dimorphism, mating system and parental care, suggesting that social environment is central to explaining variation in sex roles among birds. Our results suggest that sex differences in reproductive behaviour are the result of diverse and idiosyncratic responses to selection. Further understanding of sex roles requires studies at the population level to test how local responses to ecology, life histories and mating opportunities drive processes that shape sex role variation among higher taxa.
Surface temperatures reveal the patterns of vegetation water stress and their environmental drivers across the tropical Americas
Authors: Green Julia K. , Ballantyne Ashley , Abramoff Rose , Gentine Pierre , Makowski David , Ciais Philippe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVegetation is a key component in the global carbon cycle as it stores ~450 GtC as biomass, and removes about a third of anthropogenic CO2emissions. However, in some regions, the rate of plant carbon uptake is beginning to slow, largely because of water stress. Here, we develop a new observation‐based methodology to diagnose vegetation water stress and link it to environmental drivers. We used the ratio of remotely sensed land surface to near surface atmospheric temperatures (LST/Tair) to represent vegetation water stress, and built regression tree models (random forests) to assess the relationship between LST/Tairand the main environmental drivers of surface energy fluxes in the tropical Americas. We further determined ecosystem traits associated with water stress and surface energy partitioning, pinpointed critical thresholds for water stress, and quantified changes in ecosystem carbon uptake associated with crossing these critical thresholds. We found that the top drivers of LST/Tair, explaining over a quarter of its local variability in the study region, are (1) radiation, in 58% of the study region; (2) water supply from precipitation, in 30% of the study region; and (3) atmospheric water demand from vapor pressure deficits (VPD), in 22% of the study region. Regions in which LST/Tairvariation is driven by radiation are located in regions of high aboveground biomass or at high elevations, while regions in which LST/Tairis driven by water supply from precipitation or atmospheric demand tend to have low species richness. Carbon uptake by photosynthesis can be reduced by up to 80% in water‐limited regions when critical thresholds for precipitation and air dryness are exceeded simultaneously, that is, as compound events. Our results demonstrate that vegetation structure and diversity can be important for regulating surface energy and carbon fluxes over tropical regions.