bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal rotation and buoyancy travel time of 60 γ Doradus stars from uninterrupted TESS light curves spanning 352 days
Authors: Garcia S. , Van Reeth T. , De Ridder J. , Aerts C. 
Published: October 2022

Context. Gamma Doradus (hereafter γ Dor) stars are gravity-mode pulsators whose periods carry information about their internal structure. These periods are especially sensitive to the internal rotation and chemical mixing, two processes that are currently not well constrained in the theory of stellar evolution.
Aims. We aim to identify the pulsation modes and deduce the internal rotation and buoyancy travel time for 106 γ Dor stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission in its southern continuous viewing zone (hereafter S-CVZ). We rely on 140 previously detected period-spacing patterns, that is, series of (near-)consecutive pulsation mode periods.
Methods. We used the asymptotic expression to compute gravity-mode frequencies for ranges of the rotation rate and buoyancy travel time that cover the physical range in γ Dor stars. Those frequencies were fitted to the observed period-spacing patterns by minimising a custom cost function. The effects of rotation were evaluated using the traditional approximation of rotation, using the stellar pulsation code GYRE.
Results. We obtained the pulsation mode identification, internal rotation, and buoyancy travel time for 60 TESS γ Dor stars. For the remaining 46 targets, the detected patterns were either too short or contained too many missing modes for unambiguous mode identification, and longer light curves are required. For the successfully analysed stars, we found that period-spacing patterns from 1-yr-long TESS light curves can constrain the internal rotation and buoyancy travel time to a precision of 0.03 d-1 and 400 s, respectively, which is about half as precise as literature results based on 4-yr-long Kepler light curves of γ Dor stars.
Metal-THINGS: Association and optical characterization of supernova remnants with H I holes in NGC 6946
Authors: Lara-López M. A. , Pilyugin L. S. , Zaragoza-Cardiel J. , Zinchenko I. A. , López-Cruz O. , O’Sullivan S. P. , De Rossi M. E. , Dib S. , Garduño L. E. , Rosado M. , Sánchez-Cruces M. , Valerdi M. 
Published: October 2022

Context. NGC 6946, also known as the “Fireworks Galaxy”, is an unusual galaxy that hosts a total of 225 supernova remnant (SNR) candidates, including 147 optically identified with high [S II]/Hα line ratios. In addition, this galaxy shows prominent H I holes, which have been analyzed in previous studies. Indeed, the connection between SNRs and H I holes along with their physical implications in the surrounding gas are worthy of attention.
Aims. This paper explores the connection between the SNRs and the H I holes, including an analysis of their physical link to observational optical properties inside and around the rims of the holes, using new integral field unit (IFU) data from the Metal-THINGS survey.
Methods. We present an analysis combining previously identified H I holes, SNR candidates, and new integral field unit (IFU) data from Metal-THINGS of the spiral galaxy NGC 6946. We analyzed the distributions of the oxygen abundance, star formation rate surface density, extinction, ionization, and diffuse ionized gas, as well as the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich classification throughout the galaxy.
Results. By analyzing the optical properties of the 121 previously identify H I holes in NGC 6946 in detail, we find that the SNRs are concentrated at the rims of the H I holes. Furthermore, our IFU data show that the star formation rate and extinction are enhanced at the rims of the holes. To a lesser degree, the oxygen abundance and ionization parameter show hints of enhancement on the rims of the holes. Altogether, this provides evidence of induced star formation taking place at the rims of the holes, whose origin can be explained by the expansion of superbubbles created by multiple supernova explosions in large stellar clusters dozens of Myr ago.
Pandemie-Management unter Berücksichtigung des Pflegealltags
und dem Bedürfnis nach guter Pflege. Ergebnisse und
Handlungsempfehlungen aus den CoronaCare-Workshops
Authors: Holmberg Christine , Eich-Krohm Astrid , Ringkamp Daniela , König Franziska , Weigt Julia , Paul Joshua , Apfelbacher Christian , Silberzahn-Jandt Gudrun , Großmann Sandy , Heidecker Lisa-Sophie , Elsbernd Astrid , Bergholz Andreas , Merz Sibille 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Covid-19 Pandemie stellt das öffentliche, private und berufliche
Leben vor große Herausforderungen. Das ethnografische Forschungsprojekt
CoronaCare untersucht das alltägliche Leben von Menschen während
der Covid-19 Pandemie in Deutschland mit Fokus auf die soziale Gesundheit und
Sorgebeziehungen. Ziel war es, aus den Ergebnissen Empfehlungen für
künftige Pandemieplanungen zu entwickeln, um deren Fokus um soziale
Gesundheit zu erweitern. Gemeinsam mit Akteur*innen aus den Bereichen
Wissenschaft, Gesundheits- und Sozialverwaltung auf lokaler und
Länderebene, aus Pflegeeinrichtungen sowie Sozialverbänden
wurden auf Basis empirisch begründeter Fallvignetten im Rahmen von drei
Workshops zwischen Juni und November 2021 Handlungsempfehlungen für die
Pandemieplanung formuliert, welche die Spannungsverhältnisse
adressieren, denen Pflegekräfte während der Pandemie ausgesetzt
sind. Die herausgearbeiteten Spannungsverhältnisse betreffen sowohl den
Berufs- und Arbeitsethos als auch das private und berufliche Handeln der
Arbeitskräfte und verweisen darauf, dass es sich bei Pandemieplanung um
ein sogenanntes wicked problem handelt, bei dem es nur relationale, aber keine
eindeutigen Lösungen geben kann. Daraus ergeben sich folgende
Handlungsempfehlungen: 1. das grundsätzliche Spannungsverhältnis
zwischen dem menschlichen Bedürfnis zu sorgen und zu versorgen und den
Eindämmungsmaßnahmen der Pandemieplanung benennen und
anerkennen; 2. die Pandemie lokal verstehen und gestalten; 3. eine enge
Zusammenarbeit auf kommunaler Ebene zwischen Gesundheits-, Sozial-,
Familienpolitik und Verwaltung gestalten; und 4. individuelle
Gestaltungsfreiräume schaffen, um ethische Reflexionen des pflegerischen
Handelns zu eröffnen. Für eine Pandemieplanung verstanden als
wicked problem bedeutet das, dass Maßnahmen als Empfehlungen, nicht als
festgelegte Regeln, ausgesprochen werden sollten, um Handlungsspielräume
für eine am Individuum angepasste gute Versorgung zu
ermöglichen. Politisch sollten diese flankiert werden mit eindeutig
formulierten, stabilen Handlungsanleitungen
(„Handlungsplanken“). Unterstützt sollten diese durch
regelmäßige Schulungen von Mitarbeiter*innen, um
Prinzipien von Schutzmaßnahmen und Ziele der Pandemieplanung zu
verstehen und damit Handlungsspielräume und eigene
Abwägungsprozesse zu ermöglichen. Die entwickelten
Workshop-Formate können als Form des multidimensionalen Wissenstransfers
in einer gesellschaftlich herausfordernden Situation Berücksichtigung
finden.
High-Resolution Computed Tomography of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: Rodriguez Karen , Ashby Christian L. , Varela Valeria R. , Sharma Amita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile radiography is the first-line imaging technique for evaluation of pulmonary disease, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) provides detailed assessment of the lung parenchyma and interstitium, allowing normal anatomy to be differentiated from superimposed abnormal findings. The fibrotic interstitial lung diseases have HRCT features that include reticulation, traction bronchiectasis and bronchiolectasis, honeycombing, architectural distortion, and volume loss. The characterization and distribution of these features result in distinctive CT patterns. The CT pattern and its progression over time can be combined with clinical, serologic, and pathologic data during multidisciplinary discussion to establish a clinical diagnosis. Serial examinations identify progression, treatment response, complications, and can assist in determining prognosis. This article will describe the technique used to perform HRCT, the normal and abnormal appearance of the lung on HRCT, and the CT patterns identified in common fibrotic lung diseases.
Effects of Mouthguards on Skin Damage In Vitro Study
Authors: Saito Maho , Nakajima Kazunori , Tsutsui Arata , Sakaue Takahiro , Kanemitsu Anna , Takeda Tomotaka , Fukuda Kenichi 
Published: October 2022

Objective Mouthguards can prevent and reduce orofacial sports traumas, which occur to the players themselves. However, the effect of mouthguards on skin damage has not been clarified. The present study's purpose was to examine whether the mouthguard can reduce or prevent skin damage caused by teeth (including the difference in mouthguard thickness).
Materials and Methods Pigskins, artificial teeth, and Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) mouthguard blanks with 1.5- and 3.0-mm thickness were employed. Each of the two type mouthguards was produced in 10 replicates. Mouthguard incisal thickness and collision touch angle were measured on a PC using imaging software. A pendulum-type machine was used to apply impact. Strain gauges attached to the tooth and impacted plate were used to measure mouthguards' effect on impact stress. Also, a microscope was used to observe the after impacted skin condition, and the extent of damage was assessed as a score.
Results The pigskin was ruptured in without mouthguard (NOMG) with presenting the highest damage score, whereas the complete rupture was not seen in the 1.5 mm MG, but the damage of the skin (defeat) was observed. No tissue change was found with the 3 mmMG. In both the flat plate and impact tooth strain, no significant difference was observed between NOMG and 1.5 mmMG. However, 3 mmMG had a significantly smaller value than the other two conditions. These results are likely to be strongly influenced by the mouthguard incisal thicknesses and collision touch angles differences.
Conclusion The present study results clarified that two different thickness mouthguards reduced the skin damage, and the thicker mouthguard showed more effectiveness. Therefore, mouthguards may prevent the wearer's stomatognathic system's trauma and avoid damage to the skin of other athletes they are playing with. This effect seems to be an essential basis for explaining the necessity of using mouthguards for others besides full-contact sports.
The Osteogenesis Mechanisms of Dental Alveolar Bone Socket Post Induction with Hydroxyapatite Bovine Tooth Graft: An Animal Experimental in Rattus norvegicus Strain Wistar
Authors: Zubaidah Nanik , Pratiwi Dian Dwi , Masa Maria Margaretha S. Nogo , Setiawatie Ernie Maduratna , Kunarti Sri 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives Surgical endodontics (hemisection) commonly involves the alveolar bone socket and the periradicular tissue. In today's era, optimizing the bone healing process is updated by using bone graft induction. This study explores the mechanisms of bone healing of the alveolar bone socket post-dental extraction of Wistar rats after administration of a bovine tooth graft (hydroxyapatite bovine tooth graft [HAp-BTG]).
Materials and Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly selected into two groups, control and treatment, and into five subgroups on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The postextraction socket was filled with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the control and PEG + HAp-BTG as the treatment group. On days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28, Wistar rats were sacrificed, mandibles were taken, paraffin blocks were made, cut 4 µm thick, and made into glass preparations for microscopic examination. The variable analysis was performed by staining hematoxylin-eosin for osteoblasts (OBs) and osteoclasts (OCs) and immunohistochemistry for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (OSX), osteocalcin (OCN), bone morphogenic protein (BMP) 2. We analyzed the expressed cell count per microscope field.
Results In general, the number of cell expressions in the treatment group was significantly higher and faster, except for significantly lower OC. The high variables peak occurred on day 14 for RUNX2 and OCN, on day 7 for OSX, while OB significantly increased on day 21 and remained until day 28. The decrease of OC cells occurred on day 7 and remained low until 28 days. BMP2 was first dominantly induced by HAp-BTG, then the others.
Conclusion HAp-BTG can induce higher and faster bone healing biomarkers. BMP2 is the dominant first impacted. On the 28th day, it did not significantly express the suppression of OC by OB, which entered the bone formation and remodeling step.
Postnatal Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst: A Developmental Etiology to Be Considered
Authors: Ramachandran Thiynesvaran , Valayatham Vijayan , Ganesan Dharmendra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntracranial arachnoid cyst is the most common cystic congenital anomaly in the brain. In this study, we discuss a pregnancy that had serial fetal ultrasound scans throughout the pregnancy and a fetal anomaly scan at 24 weeks of gestation that was normal. The child was born healthy with normal development, but 12 months onward the head began to enlarge. The magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a large posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with hydrocephalus. We discuss the postulation to explain this pathogenesis of the cyst. This case highlights that not all symptomatic arachnoid cysts are congenital despite the manifestation being as early as infancy.
Use of 99mTc-DTPA Scintigraphy in Evaluation of Ureteral Laceration Due to Transurethral Lithotripsy in a Patient with Nephrolithiasis
Authors: Gharepapagh Esmaeil , Fakhari Ashraf , Zomorrodi Afshar , Dabiri Oskuei Shahram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransurethral lithotripsy (TUL) procedure via ureteroscopy as an invasive method for nephrolithiasis treatment would lead to urinary tract injuries. In this reported case, the procedure caused severe damage to the left ureter that was detected by 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) scan. Generally, the TUL procedure through the ureter scope is used to manage urinary tract stones. In this case, the TUL was performed on a patient with a history of nephrolithiasis. Following that, she was accompanied with abdominal pain and discomfort, so 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy was performed to evaluate the urinary tract system. The scintigraphy showed a severe damage to the left ureter that finally resulted in autotransplantation. The control 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy performed 3 weeks after revealed no visible urinary leakage. In this case, the 99mTc-DTPA scan prevented the patient from dangerous complications. So, 99mTc-DTPA scan could be performed after TUL and ureteroscopy to detect probable risks.
18F-FDG PET Brain Findings in a Case of Idiopathic Benign Rolandic Epilepsy of Childhood
Authors: Vankadari Kousik , Kumar Rajender , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Sankhyan Naveen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIdiopathic benign rolandic epilepsy, also known as benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS), is one of the commonly seen electroclinical epilepsy syndromes of childhood with a generally favorable long-term prognosis. We describe a 5-year-old female child who presented with recurrent focal seizures involving right side of face since the age of 6 months. She had no perinatal or postnatal insults, had normal development, and her neurological examination was unremarkable. Electroencephalogram showed rolandic spikes, suggesting BCETCS. Her seizures remained refractory to two appropriately dosed antiepileptic drugs. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain did not reveal any structural lesion. Interictal fluorodeoxyglucose 18F-positron emission tomography brain showed hypometabolism in the left lower rolandic region.
Semiquantitative Approach to Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Interpretation in Clinical Practice
Authors: Franceschi Ana M. , Petrover David R. , Giliberto Luca , Clouston Sean A. P. , Gordon Marc L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) plays a vital role in the in vivo detection of β-amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. Increasingly, trainees and infrequent readers are relying on semiquantitative analyses to support clinical diagnostic efforts. Our objective was to determine if the visual assessment of amyloid PET may be facilitated by relying on semiquantitative analysis.
Methods We conducted a retrospective review of [18F]-florbetaben PET/computed tomographies (CTs) from 2016 to 2018. Visual interpretation to determine Aβ+ status was conducted by two readers blinded to each other's interpretation. Scans were then post-processed utilizing the MIMneuro software, which generated regional-based semiquantitative Z-scores indicating cortical Aβ-burden.
Results Of 167 [18F]-florbetaben PET/CTs, 92/167 (reader-1) and 101/167 (reader-2) were positive for amyloid deposition (agreement = 92.2%, κ = 0.84). Additional nine scans were identified as possible Aβ-positive based solely on semiquantitative analyses. Largest semiquantitative differences were identified in the left frontal lobe (Z = 7.74 in Aβ + ; 0.50 in Aβ − ). All unilateral regions showed large statistically significant differences in Aβ-burden (P ≤ 2.08E-28). Semiquantitative scores were highly sensitive to Aβ+ status and accurate in their ability to identify amyloid positivity, defined as a positive scan by both readers (AUC ≥ 0.90 [0.79–1.00]). Spread analyses suggested that amyloid deposition was most severe in the left posterior cingulate gyrus. The largest differences between Aβ +/Aβ− were in the left frontal lobe. Analyses using region-specific cutoffs indicated that the presence of amyloid in the temporal and anterior cingulate cortex, while exhibiting relatively low Z-scores, was most common.
Conclusion Visual assessment and semiquantitative analysis provide highly congruent results, thereby enhancing reader confidence and improving scan interpretation. This is particularly relevant, given recent advances in amyloid-targeting disease-modifying therapeutics.
Visualization of Domain- and Concentration-Dependent Impact of Thrombomodulin on Differential Regulation of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Authors: Mochizuki Liina , Sano Hideto , Honkura Naoki , Masumoto Kazuma , Urano Tetsumei , Suzuki Yuko 
Published: October 2022

Background Thrombomodulin (TM) functions as a dual modulator—anticoagulant and antifibrinolytic potential—by the thrombin-dependent activation of protein C and thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Activated TAFI cleaves the C-terminal lysine of partially degraded fibrin and inhibits both plasminogen binding and its activation on the fibrin surface. We have reported previously that activated platelets initiate fibrin network formation and trigger fibrinolysis after the accumulation of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen.
Objective To analyze the effects of domain-deletion variants of TM on coagulation and fibrinolysis at different concentrations.
Methods Domain-deletion variants of TM, such as D123 (all extracellular regions), E3456 (minimum domains for thrombin-dependent activation of protein C and TAFI), and E456 (minimum domains for that of protein C but not TAFI), were used at 0.25 to 125 nM for turbidimetric assay to determine the clotting time and clot lysis time and to visualize fibrin network formation and lysis in platelet-containing plasma.
Results and Conclusions A low concentration of either D123 or E3456, but not of E456, prolonged clot lysis time, and delayed the accumulation of fluorescence-labeled plasminogen at the activated platelets/dense fibrin area due to effective TAFI activation. Conversely, only the highest concentrations of all three TM variants delayed the clotting time, though fibrin network formation in the vicinity of activated platelets was almost intact. TAFI activation might be affected by attenuation in thrombin activity after the clot formation phase. These findings suggest that the spatiotemporal balance between the anticoagulant and antifibrinolytic potential of TM is controlled in domain- and concentration-dependent manners.
Diagnosis and Monitoring of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Murphy Megan E. , Bhattacharya Sumona , Axelrad Jordan E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUlcerative colitis is one of the two main subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease, along with Crohn's disease. Understanding the clinical and endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis is critical in achieving a timely diagnosis. An initial evaluation includes assessing clinical symptoms, inflammatory markers, endoscopic findings, and determination of the presence or absence of extraintestinal manifestations. Initial disease management should consider disease severity at the time of diagnosis as well as prognostication, or the determination of risk factors present with a high likelihood of severe disease in the future. Once appropriate therapy has been initiated, ongoing monitoring is crucial, which may include repeated clinical assessments over time, measuring noninvasive markers of inflammation, and endoscopic and histologic reevaluation. An important aspect of disease monitoring in ulcerative colitis is dysplasia surveillance; there are many patient-specific risk factors which influence surveillance strategies. Utilizing appropriate surveillance techniques is necessary for early detection of dysplasia and colorectal neoplasia.
A combination of exercise and calorie restriction improves the development of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus in KKAy mice
Authors: Sugimoto Takumi , Uchitomi Ran , Onishi Takumi , Kamei Yasutomi 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
We observed that exercise and calorie restriction reduced the body weight and blood glucose levels, concurrently improving insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in obese/diabetic model KKAy mice. Analysis of gene expression in the skeletal muscle showed enhanced mRNA levels of GLUT4 (glucose uptake), ATGL (lipolytic enzyme), and slow-twitch myosin heavy chain, which may contribute to the antiobesity and antidiabetic effects.
A single administration of barley β-glucan and arabinoxylan extracts reduces blood glucose levels at the second meal via intestinal fermentation
Authors: Mio Kento , Togo-Ohno Marina , Tadenuma Natsuki , Ogawa Reina , Yamanaka Chiemi , Aoe Seiichiro 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Diet with barley may suppress the glycemic response after consuming the next meal (“second meal effect”). This study aimed to investigate the second meal effect and its mechanism. Mice were given a single dose of β-glucan or arabinoxylan, the primary sources of soluble fiber in barley. A single dose of β-glucan or arabinoxylan extract, followed 6 h later by a 20% glucose solution (second meal), suppressed blood glucose elevation. Arabinoxylan and β-glucan increased the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the ileum and cecum, respectively. Total GLP-1 secretion in the blood increased with β-glucan and showed an increasing trend with arabinoxylan. These results suggest barley β-glucan and arabinoxylan are fermented in the intestinal tract to generate SCFAs, which may induce GLP-1 secretion and control blood glucose levels during the second meal.
Recent insights into crosstalk between genetic parasites and their host genome
Authors: Mandal Amit K 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The bulk of higher order organismal genomes is comprised of transposable element (TE) copies, i.e. genetic parasites. The host–parasite relation is multi-faceted, varying across genomic region (genic versus intergenic), life-cycle stages, tissue-type and of course in health versus pathological state. The reach of functional genomics though, in investigating genotype-to-phenotype relations, has been limited when TEs are involved. The aim of this review is to highlight recent progress made in understanding how TE origin biochemical activity interacts with the central dogma stages of the host genome. Such interaction can also bring about modulation of the immune context and this could have important repercussions in disease state where immunity has a role to play. Thus, the review is to instigate ideas and action points around identifying evolutionary adaptations that the host genome and the genetic parasite have evolved and why they could be relevant.