bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraisal and patient-reported outcomes following total hip arthroplasty: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Schwartz Carolyn E. , Rapkin Bruce D. , Sniderman Jhase , Finkelstein Joel A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a successful procedure that provides pain relief, restores function, and improves quality of life (QOL) for patients with advanced arthritis in their hip joint. To date, little research has examined the role of cognitive appraisal processes in THA outcomes. This study examined the role of cognitive appraisal processes in THA outcomes in the first year post-surgery.

Methods
This longitudinal cohort study collected data at pre-surgery, 6 weeks post-surgery, 3 months post-surgery, and 12 months post-surgery. Adults (n = 189) with a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis were consecutively recruited from an active THA practice at a Canadian academic teaching hospital. Measures included the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), the Mental Component Score (MCS) of the Rand-36, and the Brief Appraisal Inventory (BAI). Analysis of Variance examined the association between BAI items and the HOOS or MCS scores. Random effects models investigated appraisal main effects and appraisal-by-time interactions for selected BAI items.

Results
HOOS showed great improvement over the first 12 months after THA, and was mitigated by three appraisal processes in particular: focusing on problems with healthcare or living situation, and preparing one’s family for health changes. MCS was stable and low over time, and the following appraisal processes were implicated by very large effect sizes: not comparing themselves to healthier people, focusing on money problems, preparing their family for their health changes, or trying to shed responsibilities.

Conclusions
Appraisal processes are relevant to health outcomes after THA, with different processes coming into play at different points in the recovery trajectory.
Brain tumor related epilepsy: pathophysiological approaches and rational management of antiseizure medication
Authors: Seidel Sabine , Wehner Tim , Miller Dorothea , Wellmer Jörg , Schlegel Uwe , Grönheit Wenke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Brain tumor related epilepsy (BTRE) is a common complication of cerebral tumors and its incidence is highly dependent on the type of tumor, ranging from 10–15% in brain metastases to > 80% in low grade gliomas. Clinical management is challenging and has to take into account aspects beyond the treatment of non-tumoral epilepsy.

Main body
Increasing knowledge about the pathophysiology of BTRE, particularly on glutamatergic mechanisms of oncogenesis and epileptogenesis, might influence management of anti-tumor and BTRE treatment in the future. The first seizure implies the diagnosis of epilepsy in patients with brain tumors. Due to the lack of prospective randomized trials in BTRE, general recommendations for focal epilepsies currently apply concerning the initiation of antiseizure medication (ASM). Non-enzyme inducing ASM is preferable. Prospective trials are needed to evaluate, if AMPA inhibitors like perampanel possess anti-tumor effects. ASM withdrawal has to be weighed very carefully against the risk of seizure recurrence, but can be achievable in selected patients. Permission to drive is possible for some patients with BTRE under well-defined conditions, but requires thorough neurological, radiological, ophthalmological and neuropsychological examination.

Conclusion
An evolving knowledge on pathophysiology of BTRE might influence future therapy. Randomized trials on ASM in BTRE with reliable endpoints are needed. Management of withdrawal of ASMs and permission to drive demands thorough diagnostic as well as neurooncological and epileptological expertise.
Performance improvement of 5G positioning utilizing multi-antenna angle measurements
Authors: Guo Wenfei , Deng Yue , Guo Chi , Qi Shufeng , Wang Jingrong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTime delay-based the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) positioning is a main method to perform high-precision positioning in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) denied areas. However, in practical applications, the occlusion of signals in a complex environment results in few observable base stations, which affects the reliability and accuracy of positioning. The aim of this study is to improve the performance of the 5G positioning in complex environments with an insufficient number of observable base stations. First, the Angle of Departure (AOD) capability of multi-antennas is integrated into Multi-Round-Trip-Time (Multi-RTT) positioning, establishing a novel 5G RTT/AOD positioning model. Then, the influencing factors of positioning performance, including the Dilution of Precision (DOP) and the accuracy of the AOD measurements, is analyzed. The relationship between DOP and RTT/AOD positioning accuracy is deduced. Afterwards, simulation experiments are performed on 5G positioning with the Multi-RTT and RTT/AOD methods in two scenarios with good and complex environments. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that 5G positioning with the RTT/AOD method increases the horizontal and vertical accuracies by approximately 25 and 65%, respectively, compared with the Multi-RTT method. The positioning reliability is also greatly improved. The proposed model can well solve the inefficiency of 5G positioning with the RTT method in scenarios where the number of base stations is less than three.
Effect of bisphosphonates on bone giant cell tumor recurrence: a meta-analysis
Authors: Mohsen Marwa , Osama Hasnaa , Nicola Mina , Saeed Haitham , Abdelrahim Mohamed E. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
We examined the impact of bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy on the recurrence of giant cell bone tumors and the impact of various tumor stages and surgical techniques on this effect. Following a thorough examination of the literature up to January 2022, 10 studies including 601 adults with giant cell tumors of the bone were reported; 295 of these subjects received bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy following surgery, and 306 served as the control group. To examine the possibility of lowering the recurrence of giant cell bone tumors, a comparison between bisphosphonates and a control group was made. In order to evaluate the impact of bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy on the recurrence of the giant cell bone tumor, odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined. Additionally, the dichotomous technique with a random or fixed-effect model was used to examine the effects of various tumor stages and pertinent surgical procedures.

Results
Patients with giant cell tumors of the bone who received bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy had significantly lower postoperative recurrence rates outcomes in all subjects with giant cell tumor of bone (OR 0.19; 95% CI 0.12–0.31, p = 0.001), patients with stage I–II giant cell tumors of the bone (OR 0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.76, p = 0.01), patients with stage III giant cell tumors of the bone (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.07–0.42, p < 0.001); and post-intralesional curettage (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.06–0.49, p < 0.001) compared to control. Bisphosphonates were used in participants with giant cell tumors of the bone after broad excision, but there was no discernible difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative recurrence outcomes (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.11–3.91, p = 0.65).

Conclusions
In patients with giant cell tumors of the bone after intralesional curettage, the use of bisphosphonates as adjuvant therapy may lower the incidence of postoperative recurrence outcomes, but no appreciable difference was identified after extensive resection. According to the observed relationship, using bisphosphonates is advised to lower the likelihood of postoperative recurrence that can happen in patients with giant cell tumors of the bone.
Synthesis, stability, and emission analysis of magnetite nanoparticle-based biofuels
Authors: Rao M. Srinivasa , Rao Ch. Srinivasa , Kumari A. Swarna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the application of nanoadditives in biofuels is gaining much attention due to their increase in thermophysical properties such as high surface area, thermal conductivity, and mass diffusivity. However, lack of stability, high additive cost, and difficult recovery from engine exhaust are the high-priority and demanding characteristics, which may be chosen by many researchers. In this regard, the most promising nanoadditives are magnetite nanoparticles, having a high-specific area, strong magnetic response, control over the particle size and, most importantly, easy and rapid separation from exhaust gas by applying external magnetic bars. Moreover, it can be easily diluted into biodiesel, and thus, it can collect the advantages of biodiesel in water emulsion. From the literature survey, it is found that there is a lacuna in the synthesis and performance of magnetite nanofuels for internal combustion engine applications. Thus, the present study aims to epitomize the research findings related to the synthesis, characterization, stability, and properties of biodiesel/diesel-based fuels blended with magnetite nanoparticles and the influence of the magnetite nanofuels on engine performance. The study shows that the addition of nanoparticles to biodiesel has positive effects in reducing harmful emissions such as carbon black, smoke opacity and NOX, with improved thermal efficiency and fuel consumption.
Aspirin Mediates Its Antitumoral Effect Through Inhibiting PTTG1 in Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Szabó Borbála , Németh Kinga , Mészáros Katalin , Krokker Lilla , Likó István , Saskői Éva , Németh Krisztina , Szabó Pál Tamás , Szücs Nikolette , Czirják Sándor , Szalóki Gábor , Patócs Attila , Butz Henriett 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
DNA demethylation and inhibitory effects of aspirin on pituitary cell proliferation have been demonstrated.

Objective
Our aim was to clarify the molecular mechanisms behind the aspirin-related effects in pituitary cells.

Methods
DNA methylome and whole transcriptome profile were investigated in RC-4B/C and GH3 pituitary cell lines upon aspirin treatment. Effects of aspirin and a demethylation agent, decitabine, were further tested in vitro. PTTG1 expression in 41 human PitNET samples and whole genome gene and protein expression data of 76 PitNET and 34 control samples (available in Gene Expression Omnibus) were evaluated.

Results
Aspirin induced global DNA demethylation and consequential transcriptome changes. Overexpression of Tet enzymes and their cofactor Uhrf2 were identified behind the increase of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Besides cell cycle, proliferation, and migration effects that were validated by functional experiments, aspirin increased Tp53 activity through p53 acetylation and decreased E2f1 activity. Among the p53 controlled genes, Pttg1 and its interacting partners were downregulated upon aspirin treatment by inhibiting Pttg1 promoter activity. 5hmC positively correlated with Tet1-3 and Tp53 expression, and negatively correlated with Pttg1 expression, which was reinforced by the effect of decitabine. Additionally, high overlap (20.15%) was found between aspirin-regulated genes and dysregulated genes in PitNET tissue samples.

Conclusion
A novel regulatory network has been revealed, in which aspirin regulated global demethylation, Tp53 activity, and Pttg1 expression along with decreased cell proliferation and migration. 5hmC, a novel tissue biomarker in PitNET, indicated aspirin antitumoral effect in vitro as well. Our findings suggest the potential beneficial effect of aspirin in PitNET.
Calcium, Its Regulatory Hormones, and Their Causal Role on Blood Pressure: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Giontella Alice , Lotta Luca A , Baras Aris , Minuz Pietro , Gill Dipender , Melander Olle , Fava Cristiano 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Vitamin D (Vit-D), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are the major calciotropic hormones involved in the regulation of blood calcium levels from the intestine, kidney, and bone through a tight endocrine feedback loop system. Altered levels of calcium itself or through the effect of its regulatory hormones could affect blood pressure (BP), but the exact mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective
To evaluate whether a causal relationship exists between serum calcium level and/or the regulatory hormones involved in its homeostasis with BP, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study.

Methods
From 4 large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) we obtained independent (r2 &lt; 0.001) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum calcium (119 SNPs), Vit-D (78 SNPs), PTH (5 SNPs), and FGF23 (5 SNPs), to investigate through MR their association with systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) in a Swedish urban-based study, the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (n = 29 298). Causality was evaluated by the inverse variance weighted method (IVW) and weighted median, while MR Egger and MR-PRESSO were used as sensitivity analyses.

Results
Genetically predicted serum calcium level was found to be associated with DBP (IVW: beta = 0.10, SE = 0.04, P = 0.007) and SBP (IVW: beta = 0.07, SE = 0.04, P = 0.04). Genetically predicted Vit-D and PTH showed no association with the traits, while FGF23 was inversely associated with SBP (IVW: beta = −0.11, SE = 0.04, P = 0.01), although this association lost statistical significance in sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion
Our study shows a direct association between genetically predicted calcium level and DBP, and a weaker association with SBP. No such clear association was found for genetically predicted calciotropic hormone levels. It is of interest to detect which target genes involved in calcium homeostasis mediate the effect of calcium on BP, particularly for improving personalized intervention strategies.
The Human Glucocorticoid Receptor Beta: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Implications
Authors: Nicolaides Nicolas C 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Glucocorticoids play a fundamental role in a plethora of cellular processes and physiologic functions through binding on a ubiquitously expressed receptor, the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which functions as a ligand-activated transcription factor influencing the transcription rate of numerous genes in a positive or negative fashion. For many years, we believed that the pleiotropic actions of glucocorticoids were mediated by a single GR protein expressed by the NR3C1 gene. Nowadays, we know that the NR3C1 gene encodes 2 main receptor isoforms, the GRα and the GRβ, through alternative splicing of the last exons. Furthermore, the alternative initiation of GR mRNA translation generates 8 distinct GRα and possibly 8 different GRβ receptor isoforms. The tremendous progress of cellular, molecular, and structural biology in association with the data explosion provided by bioinformatics have enabled a deeper understanding of the role of GRβ in cellular homeostasis. In this review article, I will provide an update on the cellular properties and functions of hGRβ and summarize the current knowledge about the evolving role of the beta isoform of glucocorticoid receptor in endocrine physiology, pathophysiology, and beyond.
Strengthening respectful communication with patients and colleagues in neonatal units — developing and evaluating a communication and emotional competence training for nurse managers in Kenya
Authors: Musitia Peris , Boga Mwanamvua , Oluoch Dorothy , Haaland Ane , Nzinga Jacinta , English Mike , Molyneux Sassy 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Effective communication is essential to delivering compassionate, high-quality nursing care. The intensive, stressful and technical environment of a new-born unit (NBU) in a low-resource setting presents communication-related challenges for nurses, with negative implications for nurse well-being, team relationships and patient care. We adapted a pre-existing communication and emotional competence course with NBU nurse managers working in Kenya, explored its’ value to participants and developed a theory of change to evaluate its’ potential impact. Methods: 18 neonatal nurse managers from 14 county referral hospitals helped adapt and participated in a nine-month participatory training process. Training involved guided ‘on the job’ self-observation and reflection to build self-awareness, and two face-to-face skills-building workshops. The course and potential for future scale up was assessed using written responses from participant nurses (baseline questionnaires, reflective assignments, pre and post workshop questionnaires), workshop observation notes, two group discussions and nine individual in-depth interviews. Results: Participants were extremely positive about the course, with many emphasizing its direct relevance and applicability to their daily work. Increased self-awareness and ability to recognize their own, colleagues’ and patients’ emotional triggers, together with new knowledge and practical skills, reportedly inspired nurses to change; in turn influencing their ability to provide respectful care, improving their confidence and relationships and giving them a stronger sense of professional identity. Conclusion: Providing respectful care is a major challenge in low-resource, high-pressure clinical settings but there are few strategies to address this problem. The participatory training process examined addresses this challenge and has potential for positive impacts for families, individual workers and teams, including worker well-being. We present an initial theory of change to support future evaluations aimed at exploring if and how positive gains can be sustained and spread within the wider system.
The forms of third person and demonstrative pronouns in spoken Livonian recordings
Authors: Tomingas Marili 
Published: September 2022

This article studies the inflectional forms of Livonian third person and demonstrative pronouns as used in spoken language recordings. In Standard Livonian, these words have the nominative singular forms tämā/ta ‘he/she; this’, se ‘this’, tūo ‘that’, and the nominative plural forms nämād ‘they’ (for tämā), ne ‘they; these’ (for both ta and se), and tuoist ‘those’ (for tūo). The current empirical study describes their use based on Livonian fieldwork recordings from the Archives of Estonian Dialects and Kindred Languages (AEDKL). In the present article, the inflectional forms and the main functional tendencies of Livonian third person and demonstrative pronouns are described, comparing them also to the forms mentioned in earlier Livonian grammars and dictionaries to see if there is any change in their use.
Kokkuvõte. Marili Tomingas: Kolmanda isiku ja demonstratiivpronoomenite vormid suulises liivi keeles. Artikkel uurib liivi keele kolmanda isiku ja demonstratiivpronoomenite käändevorme suulise liivi keele salvestistes. Andmestikuna kasutati 13 salvestist viie liivi keele kõnelejaga. Kuna liivi keeles võib kolmanda isiku ja demonstratiivpronoomenitel olla nii pikki kui ka lühikesi vorme, oli eesmärk teada saada, millisel kujul need suulises keeles esinevad ja kas kasutatakse rohkem pikki või lühikesi vorme. Samuti uuriti, kas demonstratiivpronoomen tūo on suulises keeles veel kasutuses. Tulemusi võrreldi ka varasemate liivi grammatikate andmetega. Ilmnes, et suulises keeles kasutatakse lisaks kirjakeele vormidele ka kolmanda isiku ainsuse nominatiivi vormi tä ja mitmuse vorme nēd, nad ja nät, lisaks kolmanda isiku ainsuse daativi lühikest vormi täm ning demonstratiivpronoomeni se puhul kasutatakse instrumentaalis ja sisekohakäänetes veidi enam lühikesi vorme.
Kubbõvõttõks. Marili Tomingas. Kuolmõnd pärsōn ja nägțijizt azūmsõnād morfolōgij sūlizõs līvõ kīels. Kēra tuņšlõb līvõ kīel kuolmõnd pärsōn ja nägtijizt azūmsõnād morfolōgliži formidi sūlizõs līvõ kīels. Dattõd ātõ perīņ vīd līvõ kīel rõkāndijizt kīelst. Kēra merk vȯļ seļțõ, mingizt azūmsõnād sūlizõs kīelsõ ātõ kȭlbatõd pitkād ja lītizt formõdõks, ja mingizt formõd sōbõd kȭlbatõbõd jemīņ. Sai ka tuņšõltõd, või azūmsõnā tūo vel sōb kȭlbatõd sūlizõs kīels. Tuņšlimizõs um nǟdõb ka rezultātõd ītlimi jedmilizt gramatikādõks ja sõnārōntõdõks. Um nǟdõb, ku sūlizõs kīels kērakīel formõd kūoral sōbõd mūndakõrd kȭlbatõd ka nominatīv formõd tä, nēd, nad ja nät, nei īž ka kuolmõnd pärsōn datīv līti form täm. Instrumentāls ja sizāližis kūožnõtkīs sūlizõs kīelsõ nägțijiz azūmsõnā se lītizt formõd saitõ kȭlbatõd rōz emīņ äbku pitkād.
Reoperation and revision rates at ten years after 1,312 cemented Thompson’s hemiarthroplasties
Authors: Khan Sameer K. , Tyas Ben , Shenfine Amy , Jameson Simon S. , Inman Dominic S. , Muller Scott D. , Reed Mike R. 
Published: September 2022

Aims Despite multiple trials and case series on hip hemiarthroplasty designs, guidance is still lacking on which implant to use. One particularly deficient area is long-term outcomes. We present over 1,000 consecutive cemented Thompson’s hemiarthroplasties over a ten-year period, recording all accessible patient and implant outcomes. Methods Patient identifiers for a consecutive cohort treated between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2011 were linked to radiographs, surgical notes, clinic letters, and mortality data from a national dataset. This allowed charting of their postoperative course, complications, readmissions, returns to theatre, revisions, and deaths. We also identified all postoperative attendances at the Emergency and Outpatient Departments, and recorded any subsequent skeletal injuries. Results In total, 1,312 Thompson’s hemiarthroplasties were analyzed (mean age at surgery 82.8 years); 125 complications were recorded, necessitating 82 returns to theatre. These included 14 patients undergoing aspiration or manipulation under anaesthesia, 68 reoperations (5.2%) for debridement and implant retention (n = 12), haematoma evacuation (n = 2), open reduction for dislocation (n = 1), fixation of periprosthetic fracture (n = 5), and 48 revised stems (3.7%), for infection (n = 13), dislocation (n = 12), aseptic loosening (n = 9), persistent pain (n = 6), periprosthetic fracture (n = 4), acetabular erosion (n = 3), and metastatic bone disease (n = 1). Their status at ten years is summarized as follows: 1,180 (89.9%) dead without revision, 34 (2.6%) dead having had revision, 84 (6.6%) alive with the stem unrevised, and 14 (1.1%) alive having had revision. Cumulative implant survivorship was 90.3% at ten years; patient survivorship was 7.4%. Conclusion The Thompson’s stem demonstrates very low rates of complications requiring reoperation and revision, up to ten years after the index procedure. Fewer than one in ten patients live for ten years after fracture. This study supports the use of a cemented Thompson’s implant as a cost-effective option for frail hip fracture patients. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(9):710–715.
Miniaturised gap sensor using fibre optic Fabry-Pérot interferometry for structural health monitoring
Authors: Cosgun Tamer Y. , Dzipalski Adrian , Ross Calum A. , Thomson Robert R. , Kingston Matthew , Brooks Simon , MacPherson William N. 
Published: September 2022

A miniaturised structural health monitoring device has been developed capable of measuring the absolute distance between close parallel surfaces using Fabry-Pérot interferometry with nm-scale sensitivity. This is achieved by fabricating turning mirrors on two opposite cores of a multi-core fibre to produce a probe with dimensions limited only be the fibre diameter. Two fabrication processes have been investigated: Focused ion beam milling, which has resulted in a sensor measurement accuracy, sensitivity and range of ±0.056 µm, ±0.006 µm and ∼16000 µm respectively; and ultrafast laser assisted etching of the cleaved fibre end, where a sensor measurement accuracy, sensitivity and range of ±0.065 µm, ±0.006 µm and ∼7500 µm have been demonstrated.