bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of aerobics exercise on professional women’s mental health and body composition
Authors: Liu Yuanxin , Zhao Xinhui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: With the continuous acceleration of the harmonious society, physical and mental health has attracted great attention from the general public. For example, to improve physical and mental health, more and more people start doing aerobics. We aim to observe the effect of aerobics exercise on the mental and physical composition of professional women, and to explore its effect on professional women's positive emotions and life satisfaction.Methods: Questionnaire survey, group training experiment and mathematical statistics were used to investigate the positive emotions, work engagement, life satisfaction and physical composition indicators of the professional women who took part in aerobics exercise. Results: The four subscale scores of exercise volume, refreshment sense, quiet sense, and active participation sense of the experimental group were much better than the control group, respectively (P<0.001), while there was no significant difference on the feeling of fatigue between two groups (P>0.05). As for the contrast of the above factors before and after the exercise, the statistical results of exercise volume, refreshment, quietness, and participation active of the experimental group were much better than the control group, respectively (P<0.01), while there was also no significant difference on the feeling of fatigue between two groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the work commitment, work dedication, and work focus of the exercise experimental group were much better than the control group (P<0.001). The general life satisfaction between the experimental group is significant higher the control group (P<0.001). Before and after the experiment, the experimental group showed better body fat mass, body fat percentage and lean body weight than the control group (P<0.01), while there’s no significant difference in body weight and BMI.Conclusion: Aerobics training can improve professional women’s positive emotions, work commitment, and body composition. Aerobics training enhances professional women’s life satisfaction, and has a positive effect on professional women’s psychology.
A survey of butcher perspectives and prevalence of ingested plastic and hardware among goats in rural Malawi markets
Authors: Airs Paul M , Safalaoh Andrews CL , Mvula Winchester , Khonje Patience , Ventura-Cordero Jaiver , Takahashi Taro , Nalivata Patson , Wyk Jan Van , Morgan Eric R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Smallholder goat production plays a major role in rural livelihoods and food security in Malawi. While goat production is closely linked to small scale local markets for slaughter and butchering the perspectives of butchers and their potential as a source of information on animal health is largely untapped. Understanding butchers’ perceptions of factors impacting goat smallholdings is important to identify hardships for both butchers and smallholders. Butchers can provide insights into goat health issues that go unseen before slaughter, including the presence of indigestible foreign bodies (IFBs), which can impact negatively on goat health but are difficult to diagnose before death. The current study includes a survey of 50 butchers in central Malawi to investigate visible animal health issues before and after slaughter, attitudes to procurement, income, and impacts of covid-19 on business. Results revealed butchers find IFBs to be a problem, with 100% of butchers witnessing plastic and 66% witnessing other hardware in recently slaughtered goats. Dog bites were also frequent but the relationship between observed injuries from IFBs and dog bites to goat health was not clearly delineated by butchers’ responses. Income from goats varies and is largely dependent on sales following harvest of agricultural products, with potential for income to drop below the poverty line in times of hardship.
Genome-wide association study and selective sweeps reveal genetic variations associated with Chip Processing clones selected over sixty years in global potato breeding programs
Authors: Jo Kwang Ryong , Choi Jang-Gyu , Kwon Do-Hee , Park Young-Eun , Kim Su-Jeong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Key message A Chip Processing phenotype in potato was characterized using both the case-control genome-wide association study and selective sweep approaches, pinpointing the associated genetic variants on chromosome 10, as well as finding variants under selection across the genome. Although with booming potato chip industry, distinct chip processing clones have been released over the past 60 years, the genetic architecture of their chip processing characteristics remains largely unknown. The case-control genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using SolCAP SNP array data for Chip Processing clones versus all other market classes in the 359-line potato diversity panel (Jo et al. 2022) were performed to detect significant signals on chromosome 10. The signals were redetected in the GWAS test using the strata-corrected 190-line panel and also genomic scans employing selective sweep approaches such as the cross-population composite likelihood ratio method (XP-CLR) and PCAdapt. Through applications of four selective sweep approaches including XP-CLR, PCAdapt, the integrated haplotype homozygosity score (iHS), and the cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) for a 227-line panel separated into two groups (chip processing vs non-chip processing) by principal component analysis, various genetic variants were found across the genome that had been differentially selected. These genomic regions under selection are involved in carbohydrate-related genes or loci and transcription factors, indicating to be associated with the improvement of chip processing performance of potato cultivars. The results could have implications for genomics-assisted breeding of the promising chip processing cultivars in potato.
Application of a novel second-order differential equation grey model to forecast NOx emissions in China
Authors: Xu Xiaozeng , Zeng Bo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen oxide (NOx) contains two harmful air pollutants: nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The reasonable prediction of China's NOx emissions is of positive significance for the government to formulate environmental protection policies. To this end, a new grey prediction model with second-order differential equation is proposed in this paper, which has more reasonable model structure and better modeling performance than the traditional grey model. Secondly, according to the data characteristics of NOx emissions of China in recent years, a smoothing algorithm and weakening buffer operator are employed to process the original data to solve the rationality of the prediction results of the new model. Thirdly, the model for predicting China's NOx emissions has been constructed by the new proposed model. The results show that the mean comprehensive error of the new model is only 0.0692%, and its performance is much better than that of several other mainstream grey prediction models. Finally, the new model is applied to China's carbon dioxide prediction in the next five years, and the rationality of the prediction results is analyzed. Based on the prediction results, relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
QTL mapping and improvement of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance using japonica weedy rice
Authors: Lee Chang-Min , Park Hyun-Su , Baek Man-Ki , Jeong O-young , Seo Jeong-Hwan , Kim Suk-Man 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The stability of cultivation and production in terms of crop yield has been threatened by climate change due to global warming. Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a threat to crops, especially staple foods, including rice, because of reductions in yield and quality. To address the problem of precocious germination before harvest, we performed quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis for PHS using F8 RILs populations derived from japonica weedy rice in Korea.
Results
QTL analysis revealed that two stable QTLs, qPH7 and qPH2, associated with PHS resistance were identified on chromosomes 7 and 2, respectively, explaining approximately 38% of the phenotypic variation. The QTL effect in the tested lines significantly decreased the degree of PHS, based on the number of QTLs included. Through fine mapping for main QTL qPH7, the region for the PHS was found to be anchored within 23.575–23.785 Mbp on chromosome 7 using 13 cleaved amplified sequence (CAPS) markers. Among 15 open reading frames (ORFs) within the detected region, one ORF, Os07g0584366, exhibited upregulated expression in the resistant donor, which was approximately nine times higher than that of susceptible japonica cultivars under PHS-inducing conditions.
Conclusion
A QTLs introgression japonica line was developed to improve the characteristics of PHS and design practical PCR-based DNA markers for marker-assisted backcrosses of many other PHS-susceptible japonica cultivars.
Regenerative Potential of Multinucleated Cells; Bone Marrow Adiponectin Positive Multinucleated Cells Take the Lead
Authors: Moein Shiva , Ahmadbeigi Naser , Adibi Rezvan , Kamali Sara , Moradzadeh Kobra , Nematollahi Pardis , Nardi Nance Bayer , Gheisari Yousof 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Polyploid cells can be found in a wide evolutionary spectrum of organisms. These cells are assumed to be involved in tissue regeneration and resistance to stressors. Although the appearance of large multinuclear cells (LMCs) in long-term culture of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal cells has been reported, the presence and characteristics of such cells in native BM and their putative role in BM reconstitution following injury have not been fully investigated.
Methods
BM-derived LMCs were explored by time-lapse microscopy from the first hours post isolation to assess their colony formation and plasticity. In addition, sub-lethally irradiated mice were sacrificed every other day for four weeks to investigate the histopathological processes during BM regeneration. Moreover, LMCs from GFP-transgenic mice were transplanted to BM-ablated recipients to evaluate their contribution to tissue reconstruction.
Results
BM isolated LMCs produced mononucleated cells with characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells. Time-series inspections of BM sections following irradiation revealed that LMCs are highly resistant to injury and originate mononucleated cells which reconstitute the tissue. The regeneration process was synchronized with a transient augmentation of adipocytes suggesting their contribution to tissue repair. Additionally, LMCs were found to be adiponectin positive linking the observations on multinucleation and adipogenesis to BM regeneration. Notably, transplantation of LMCs to myeloablated recipients could reconstitute both the hematopoietic system and BM stroma.
Conclusions
A population of resistant multinucleated cells reside in the BM that served as the common origin of stromal and hematopoietic lineages with a key role in tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this study underscores the contribution of adipocytes in BM reconstruction.
An experimental and numerical study of double dowel-type shear connector
Authors: Vanova Patricia , Dubecky Daniel , Weissova Michala , Bartus Jakub , Kvocak Vincent 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The hunger for a better, more effective, more economic, easier for construction, and overall more sustainable bridge design is enormous nowadays. One of the solutions for the problems described is a composite structure with embedded steel beams in a form of a shear connector. The paper presented deals with a study of a suggested shear connector. A new design of the connector is presented - of double dowel type. Its geometrical attributes are closely described and the idea of its origin is explained. The study of the connectors consists of experimental and numerical part. In experimental study, the experiments performed together with measuring methods are described and their results are presented and analysed. In numerical study the finite element model developed in an ABAQUS software is presented with a detail description of the modeling process. In results and discussions the software results are compared to with results from the experimental study and the overall behavior of the proposed shear connector is compared to shear connectors from other studies.
COVID-19 Vaccine Attitudes among a Majority Black Sample in the Southern US: Public Health Implications from a Qualitative Study
Authors: Huang Wenting , Dove-Medows Emily , Shealey Jalissa , Sanchez Katia , Benson Lauren , Seymore DawnSheska D. , Sullivan Patrick S. , Bradley Heather M. , Siegle Aaron J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background.
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have high caseloads in the US, with vaccines a critical component of the response. Disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality have been identified across states and racial/ethnic groups, which are likely in part due to disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake. This study aims to better understand and contextualize COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among persons from primarily racial/ethnic minority populations in the Southern US.
Methods.
We conducted 29 in-depth interviews with a sample of households in Atlanta, GA that were selected from an address-based sampling frame. We purposively approached households, from February 6 to June 27, 2021, that declined participation in a national COVID-19 serosurvey to gain perspectives of people who are often under-represented in research. Interviews were conducted in-person or over phone calls for participants with that preference. Thematic analysis was used to identify barriers and facilitators of COVID-19 vaccination, and to contextualize drivers of vaccine hesitancy.
Results.
Decision-making about vaccination was described as dynamic, and was compared to the feeling of being on a roller coaster. The predominant reported sources of information were mass media and social media. Facilitators of vaccination included altruism, positive communication from trusted community members and workplace colleagues, and local vaccine provision sites. Driving reasons for vaccine hesitancy included limited trust in the government and concerns about COVID-19 vaccine safety, which one participant compared to jumping off a cliff without a tested rope. Among a subset of participants, beliefs regarding perceived intent to harm the Black community were prevalent. Opportunities to optimally address vaccine hesitancy included countering negative social media messages with positive messaging that matches the community’s vivid ways of discussing vaccines, collaborating with community stakeholders on vaccine promotion efforts, and offering workplace-based vaccine promotion efforts.
Conclusions.
This study presents data that indicate it may be optimal to more broadly define ‘community’ in COVID-19 vaccine promotion efforts to include social media and workplace venues. To optimize vaccine and vaccine booster uptake and equity, public health must address historic racism and other concerns by using outreach that is grounded in communities.
Multi-objective learning and explanation for stroke risk assessment in Shanxi province
Authors: Ma Jing , Sun Yiyang , Liu Junjie , Huang Huaxiong , Zhou Xiaoshuang , Xu Shixin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of death in China (Zhou et al. The Lancet 2019). A dataset from Shanxi Province is analyzed to predict the risk of patients’ at four states low/medium/high/attack) and to estimate transition probabilities between various states via a SHAP DeepExplainer. To handle the issues related to an imbalanced sample set, the quadratic interactive deep model (QIDeep) was first proposed by flexible selection and appending of quadratic interactive features. The experimental results showed that the QIDeep model with 3 interactive features achieved the state-of-the-art accuracy 83:33%(95% CI: (83:14%;83:52%)). Blood pressure, physical inactivity, smoking, weight and total cholesterol are the top five most important features. For the sake of high recall in the attack state, stroke occurrence prediction is considered an auxiliary objective in multi-objective learning. The prediction accuracy was improved, while the recall of the attack state was increased by 17:79% (to 82:06%) compared to QIDeep (from 71:49%) with the same features. The prediction model and analysis tool in this paper provided not only a prediction method but also an attribution explanation of the risk states and transition direction of each patient, a valuable tool for doctors to analyze and diagnose the disease.
Delta fMEP predicts facial nerve dysfunction after surgical resection of vestibular schwannoma: A quantitative application of transcranial facial nerve evoked potential
Authors: Kim Jeong-Hwa , Park Sang-Ku , Choi Jung-Won , Kong Doo-Sik , Nam Do-Hyun , Lee Jung-Il , Seo Dae-Won , Seol Ho Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Without direct facial nerve (FN) stimulation, transcranial facial motor evoked potential (fMEP) may considerably reflect the functional integrity and postoperative outcome of FN in cerebellopontine surgery. This study investigated the “threshold method” of fMEP to prognosticate the FN function after large vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. The medical records from 58 patients with large VS (maximal diameter > 2.5 cm) who underwent microsurgical resection were retrospectively reviewed. The threshold was the stimulation intensity to elicit the baseline amplitude of fMEP, and its change from the baseline to the end of surgery was defined as the delta fMEP. House-Brackman grade (HBG) of FN was documented at 1 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after surgical resection, classifying the patients presenting HBG 3 or more as FN dysfunction group. Receiver operating characteristics and binary logistic regression for the risk of postoperative FN dysfunction were performed. During surgery, the fMEP stimulation threshold increased in 27 (46%) patients. The delta fMEP value for FN dysfunction had a higher predictive value at long-term follow-up (cut-off = 15V, area under curve [AUC] 0.82 and 0.81 at postoperative 6 months and 1 year, respectively) than at the short-term follow-up (cut-off = 27.5V, AUC 0.78 and 0.74 at postoperative 1 week and 1 month, respectively). In regression analysis, the delta fMEP higher than its optimal cut-off was significantly associated with FN dysfunction in all follow-up period. These results suggested that the delta fMEP may serve as a valuable indicator of FN dysfunction after surgical resection of large VS, especially for long-term outcomes.
Development of lipid nanoparticles and liposomes reference materials (II) - Cytotoxic profiles
Authors: Syama Krishnapriya , Jakubek Zygmunt J. , Chen Sam , Zaifman Josh , Tam Yuen Yi C. , Zou Shan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lipid based nanocarriers are one of the most effective drug delivery systems that is evident from the recent COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The main objective of this study was to evaluate toxicity of six lipid based formulations with three surface charges - anionic, neutral or cationic, to establish certified reference materials (CRMs) for liposomes and siRNA loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNP-siRNA). Cytotoxicity was assessed by a proliferation assay in adherent and non-adherent cell lines. High concentration of three LNP-siRNAs did not affect viability of suspension cells and LNP-siRNAs were non-toxic to adherent cells at conventionally used concentration. Systematic evaluation using multiple vials and repeated test runs of three liposomes and three LNP-siRNA formulations showed no toxicity in HL60 and A549 cells up to 128 µg/mL and 16 µg/mL, respectively. Extended treatment and low concentration of LNPs did not affect the viability of suspension cells and adherent cells at 96 h. Interestingly, 80% of A549 and HL60 cells in 3D conditions were viable when treated with cationic LNP-siRNA for 48 h. Taken together, anionic, cationic and neutral lipid formulations were non-toxic to cells and may be explored further in order to develop them as drug carriers.
Contextual and individual factors associated with dental caries among brasilian adolescents: A multilevel study
Authors: Pedroso Cíntia Levy Matos , Roberto Luana Leal , Paula Alfredo Maurício Batista , Haikal Desirée Sant’Ana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to identify the contextual and individual factors associated with dental caries among Brazilian adolescents.
Methods
This is a multilevel cross-sectional study with data from 5,445 participants of the 2010 National Oral Health Survey, and the contextual information was extracted from an official public database. The dependent variable was the number of decayed teeth, measured by the D component of the DMFT. We conducted a multilevel negative binomial regression and estimated the means ratio (MR).
Results
We observed a mean of 1.76 (± 2.93) decayed teeth. Among the contextual variables, the mean number of decayed teeth was higher among adolescents living in municipalities with medium/low MHDI and lower among those living in municipalities with a higher proportion of dentists/inhabitants. Among individual variables, the number of decayed teeth was higher among older adults, who self-declared non-white, with lower income, who self-perceived need for treatment, reported pain, never went to the dentist, used the dental service for a longer time and whose appointment was due to oral problems.
Conclusions
Dental caries among adolescents was associated with unfavorable contextual and individual conditions. There is a need to expand access to dental services, especially among the most vulnerable groups.
Modeling Functionally Graded Materials in ANSYS APDL
Authors: Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed , Kurgan Naci 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Since its first implementation in the mid-eighties of the past century, Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) have been under heavy research in many directions including manufacturing techniques, modeling, and exploring possible applications. Numerous FGM models and analysis methods are continuously appended to the literature. Just like in the rest of the mechanical design field, the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been extensively used in the analysis of FGM, in addition to being a main validation tool for the other proposed methods. ANSYS has been one of the main general-purpose FEM packages that facilitate the use of FEM. However, no single publication is found exploring the modeling of FGM in ANSYS. This work does just that. It explores and compares the various techniques of modeling FGM in ANSYS using Mechanical APDL. The techniques explored here should be applicable in any other FEM package. APDL codes are provided for the various considered cases. Three main techniques of modeling FGM in ANSYS are presented, namely imposing fictive thermal load, stacking elements/layers, and using user-defined fields. Other advanced methods, that require recompiling the executable ANSYS.exe, are briefly mentioned. Various modeling techniques are implemented on a relatively long cuboid FGM part which is assumed under lateral load and supported at its far edge/s. The configuration of cuboid geometry and lateral load is intentionally considered to allow volume-, area-, and line-finite elements to be implemented. One dimensional continuous and discrete properties variation is considered. The presented modeling techniques of FGM are found equivalent in accuracy.