bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a virtual transborder tumor board for cancer patients in Central and Southeastern Europe
Authors: Thallinger Christiane , Berzinec Peter , Bicakcic Emina , Dan Adelina , Fabian Gabriella , Gales Laurentia Nicoletta , Kuhar Cvetka Grasic , Janzic Urska , Kahan Zsusanna , Mencinger Marina , Penthedourakis George , Sgouros Joseph , Simetic Luka , Sirbu Daniela , Vosmik Milan , Wrona Anna , Zielinski Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Summary
Purpose
To establish a transborder virtual tumor board (VTB) fostering state-of-the-art management of cancer patients by exchanging knowledge and expertise among oncologists in Central and Southeastern Europe (CEE).

Methods
We established and implemented a VTB based on the WebEx platform. This allowed for password-protected and secure upload of patient cases to be presented and discussed among colleagues from various oncology centers scattered throughout CEE in order to arrive at a recommendation for further diagnoses and/or treatment.

Results
A total of 73 cases from 16 oncology centers located in 11 CEE countries were uploaded by 22 physicians; 71 were discussed over the course of 17 virtual meetings between June 2018 and May 2019 and 12 different kinds of malignant diseases were discussed with lung cancer (46.6%), melanoma (19.2%) and bladder cancer (13.6%) being the most commonly presented tumor entities. Of the discussed patients, 93.3% had stage IV disease at the time of presentation, 62.6% received chemotherapy or targeted treatment and 67.1% were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). The most common causes for presentation and discussion of patient cases were related to the use of ICPIs (80%).

Conclusion
When the need for expertise exceeds locally available resources, web-based VTBs provide a feasible way to discuss patient cases and arrive at conclusions regarding diagnoses and/or treatment across large geographic distances. Moreover, VTBs provide an innovative way for proper, state-of-the-art management of patients with malignant diseases in times of social distancing and the resulting need for restricted interaction during the current SARS-CoV‑2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2) pandemic.
Fluctuation estimates for the multi-cell formula in stochastic homogenization of partitions
Authors: Bach Annika , Ruf Matthias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper we derive quantitative estimates in the context of stochastic homogenization for integral functionals defined on finite partitions, where the random surface integrand is assumed to be stationary. Requiring the integrand to satisfy in addition a multiscale functional inequality, we control quantitatively the fluctuations of the asymptotic cell formulas defining the homogenized surface integrand. As a byproduct we obtain a simplified cell formula where we replace cubes by almost flat hyperrectangles.
The nodal set of solutions to some nonlocal sublinear problems
Authors: Tortone Giorgio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study the nodal set of stationary solutions to equations of the form $$(-\Delta )^s u = \lambda _+ (u_+)^{q-1} - \lambda _- (u_-)^{q-1}\quad \text {in }B_1,$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

u
=

λ
+

(

u
+

)

q
-
1

-

λ
-

(

u
-

)

q
-
1

in

B
1

,

where $$\lambda _+,\lambda _->0, q \in [1,2)$$

λ
+

,

λ
-

>
0
,
q
∈

[
1
,
2
)

, and $$u_+$$

u
+

and $$u_-$$

u
-

are respectively the positive and negative part of u. This collection of nonlinearities includes the unstable two-phase membrane problem $$q=1$$

q
=
1

as well as sublinear equations for $$1<q<2$$

1
<
q
<
2

. We initially prove the validity of the strong unique continuation property and the finiteness of the vanishing order, in order to implement a blow-up analysis of the nodal set. As in the local case $$s=1$$

s
=
1

, we prove that the admissible vanishing orders can not exceed the critical value $$k_q= 2s/(2- q)$$

k
q

=
2
s
/

(
2
-
q
)

. Moreover, we study the regularity of the nodal set and we prove a stratification result. Ultimately, for those parameters such that $$k_q< 1$$

k
q

<
1

, we prove a remarkable difference with the local case: solutions can only vanish with order $$k_q$$

k
q

and the problem admits one dimensional solutions. Our approach is based on the validity of either a family of Almgren-type or a 2-parameter family of Weiss-type monotonicity formulas, according to the vanishing order of the solution.
Patterns of free amino acids in tundra soils reflect mycorrhizal type, shrubification, and warming
Authors: Andresen Louise C. , Bodé Samuel , Björk Robert G. , Michelsen Anders , Aerts Rien , Boeckx Pascal , Cornelissen J. Hans C. , Klanderud Kari , van Logtestijn Richard S. P. , Rütting Tobias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe soil nitrogen (N) cycle in cold terrestrial ecosystems is slow and organically bound N is an important source of N for plants in these ecosystems. Many plant species can take up free amino acids from these infertile soils, either directly or indirectly via their mycorrhizal fungi. We hypothesized that plant community changes and local plant community differences will alter the soil free amino acid pool and composition; and that long-term warming could enhance this effect. To test this, we studied the composition of extractable free amino acids at five separate heath, meadow, and bog locations in subarctic and alpine Scandinavia, with long-term (13 to 24 years) warming manipulations. The plant communities all included a mixture of ecto-, ericoid-, and arbuscular mycorrhizal plant species. Vegetation dominated by grasses and forbs with arbuscular and non-mycorrhizal associations showed highest soil free amino acid content, distinguishing them from the sites dominated by shrubs with ecto- and ericoid-mycorrhizal associations. Warming increased shrub and decreased moss cover at two sites, and by using redundancy analysis, we found that altered soil free amino acid composition was related to this plant cover change. From this, we conclude that the mycorrhizal type is important in controlling soil N cycling and that expansion of shrubs with ectomycorrhiza (and to some extent ericoid mycorrhiza) can help retain N within the ecosystems by tightening the N cycle.
Total positivity of some polynomial matrices that enumerate labeled trees and forests I: forests of rooted labeled trees
Authors: Sokal Alan D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider the lower-triangular matrix of generating polynomials that enumeratek-component forests of rooted trees on the vertex set [n] according to the number of improper edges (generalizations of the Ramanujan polynomials). We show that this matrix is coefficientwise totally positive and that the sequence of its row-generating polynomials is coefficientwise Hankel-totally positive. More generally, we define the generic rooted-forest polynomials by introducing also a weight$$m! \, \phi _m$$m!ϕmfor each vertex withm proper children. We show that if the weight sequence $$\varvec{\phi }$$ϕis Toeplitz-totally positive, then the two foregoing total-positivity results continue to hold. Our proofs use production matrices and exponential Riordan arrays.
Körpermessdaten bei Kindern
Authors: Haeusler Gabriele , Wrba Thomas , Riedl Stefan , Karall Daniela 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Verwendung von geeigneten Referenzen zur Beurteilung von Körpermessdaten bei Kindern ist zentraler Bestandteil der kinderfachärztlichen Praxis. Es stehen seit Mai 2019 von der Fachgesellschaft empfohlene, großteils neu erstellte, österreichische Daten zur digitalen Anwendung zur Verfügung (www.wachstum.at).In diesem Beitrag werden die während der Implementierung häufig diskutierten Aspekte erläutert und der Zugang zur Software für verschiedene Anwender beschrieben. Die österreichweite Implementierung wird durch die Österreichische Gesellschaft für Kinder-und Jugendheilkunde unterstützt, getragen durch deren Arbeitsgruppe Pädiatrische Endokrinologie und Kooperationspartner an der Medizinischen Universität Wien. Eine flächendeckende Nutzung setzt Impulse interessierter Abteilungsleitungen, Krankenhausbetreiber und deren IT-Abteilungen sowie Aufgeschlossenheit und Kundenfreundlichkeit der Softwareanbieter voraus.
How do I update my model? On the resilience of Predictive Process Monitoring models to change
Authors: Rizzi Williams , Di Francescomarino Chiara , Ghidini Chiara , Maggi Fabrizio Maria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExisting well-investigated Predictive Process Monitoring techniques typically construct a predictive model based on past process executions and then use this model to predict the future of new ongoing cases, without the possibility of updating it with new cases when they complete their execution. This can make Predictive Process Monitoring too rigid to deal with the variability of processes working in real environments that continuously evolve and/or exhibit new variant behaviours over time. As a solution to this problem, we evaluate the use of three different strategies that allow the periodic rediscovery or incremental construction of the predictive model so as to exploit new available data. The evaluation focuses on the performance of the new learned predictive models, in terms of accuracy and time, against the original one, and uses a number of real and synthetic datasets with and without explicit Concept Drift. The results provide an evidence of the potential of incremental learning algorithms for predicting process monitoring in real environments.
A complex slope deformation case—history
Authors: Picarelli L. , Santo A. , Di Crescenzo G. , Vassallo R. , Urciuoli G. , Silvestri F. , Olivares L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSlope movements represent a class of phenomena, which can display a great variety of styles, sizes and displacement rates. Some are extremely rapid, short-lived and highly destructive; others are extremely slow and apparently endless. This paper describes an extremely slow soil slope deformation process that is probably active since thousands of years and will certainly go on for many years to come. The results of in-depth investigations carried out after the 1980 Irpinia-Basilicata earthquake integrated by satellite images covering the time interval 1992–2013 have provided a global and consistent framework that allows to draw a reliable scenario about the effects of the geological processes that are active in the area on slope deformation mechanisms.
Evaluation of flexibility in adaptation projects for climate change
Authors: Kim Myung-Jin , Nicholls Robert J. , Preston John M. , De Almeida Gustavo A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClimate change adaptation inherently entails investment decision-making under the high levels of uncertainty. To address this issue, a single fixed large investment can be divided into two or more sequential investments. This reduces the initial investment cost and adds flexibility about the size and timing of subsequent investment decisions. This flexibility enables future investment decisions to be made when further information about the magnitude of climate change becomes available. This paper presents a real option analysis framework to evaluate adaptations including flexibility to reduce both the risk and uncertainty of climate change, against increasing coastal flooding due to sea-level rise as an example. The paper considers (i) how to design the sequence of adaptation options under growing risk of sea-level rise, and (ii) how to make the efficient use of flexibility included in adaptations for addressing uncertainty. A set of flexibilities (i.e. wait or future growth) are incorporated into single-stage investments (i.e. raising coastal defence from 2.5 mAOD to 3.5mAOD or 4.0 mAOD) in stages so that multiple-stage adaptations with different heights are created. The proposed method compares these sequentially growing adaptations in economic terms, including optimisation, providing additional information on the efficiency of flexible adaptation strategies given the uncertainty of climate change. The results from the evaluation enable decision-makers to identify long-lasting robust adaptation against the uncertainty of climate change.
Explaining Free Will by Rational Abilities
Authors: Hofmann Frank 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper I present an account of the rational abilities that make our decisions free. Following the lead of new dispositionalists, a leeway account of free decisions is developed, and the rational abilities that ground our abilities to decide otherwise are described in detail. A main result will be that the best account of the relevant rational abilities makes themtwo-wayabilities: abilities to decide to do or not to do x in accordance with one’s apparent reasons. Dispositionalism about rational abilities will be vindicated, since it helps to see why and how these two-way abilities entail an ability to decide otherwise and, thus, free will.
A comprehensive Benchmark for fake news detection
Authors: Galli Antonio , Masciari Elio , Moscato Vincenzo , Sperlí Giancarlo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNowadays, really huge volumes of fake news are continuously posted by malicious users with fraudulent goals thus leading to very negative social effects on individuals and society and causing continuous threats to democracy, justice, and public trust. This is particularly relevant in social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat), due to their intrinsic uncontrolled publishing mechanisms. This problem has significantly driven the effort of both academia and industries for developing more accurate fake news detection strategies: early detection of fake news is crucial. Unfortunately, the availability of information about news propagation is limited. In this paper, we provided a benchmark framework in order to analyze and discuss the most widely used and promising machine/deep learning techniques for fake news detection, also exploiting different features combinations w.r.t. the ones proposed in the literature. Experiments conducted on well-known and widely used real-world datasets show advantages and drawbacks in terms of accuracy and efficiency for the considered approaches, even in the case of limited content information.
Effects of acute ischemia and hypoxia in young and adult calsequestrin (CSQ2) knock-out and wild-type mice
Authors: Neumann Joachim , Bödicker Konrad , Buchwalow Igor B. , Schmidbaur Constanze , Ramos Gustavo , Frantz Stefan , Hofmann Ulrich , Gergs Ulrich 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCalsequestrin (CSQ2) is the main Ca2+-binding protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the mammalian heart. In order to understand the function of calsequestrin better, we compared two age groups (young: 4–5 months of age versus adult: 18 months of age) of CSQ2 knock-out mice (CSQ2(−/−)) and littermate wild-type mice (CSQ2(+/+)). Using echocardiography, in adult mice, the basal left ventricular ejection fraction and the spontaneous beating rate were lower in CSQ2(−/−) compared to CSQ2(+/+). The increase in ejection fraction by β-adrenergic stimulation (intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol) was lower in adult CSQ2(−/−) versus adult CSQ2(+/+). After hypoxia in vitro (isolated atrial preparations) by gassing the organ bath buffer with 95% N2, force of contraction in electrically driven left atria increased to lower values in young CSQ2(−/−) than in young CSQ2(+/+). In addition, after global ischemia and reperfusion (buffer-perfused hearts according to Langendorff; 20-min ischemia and 15-min reperfusion), the rate of tension development was higher in young CSQ2(−/−) compared to young CSQ2(+/+). Finally, we evaluated signs of inflammation (immune cells, autoantibodies, and fibrosis). However, whereas no immunological alterations were found between all investigated groups, pronounced fibrosis was found in the ventricles of adult CSQ2(−/−) compared to all other groups. We suggest that in young mice, CSQ2 is important for cardiac performance especially in isolated cardiac preparations under conditions of impaired oxygen supply, but with differences between atrium and ventricle. Lack of CSQ2 leads age dependently to fibrosis and depressed cardiac performance in echocardiographic studies.
Single brain metastasis versus glioblastoma multiforme: a VOI-based multiparametric analysis for differential diagnosis
Authors: Romano Andrea , Moltoni Giulia , Guarnera Alessia , Pasquini Luca , Di Napoli Alberto , Napolitano Antonio , Espagnet Maria Camilla Rossi , Bozzao Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The authors’ purpose was to create a valid multiparametric MRI model for the differential diagnosis between glioblastoma and solitary brain metastasis.

Materials and methods
Forty-one patients (twenty glioblastomas and twenty-one brain metastases) were retrospectively evaluated. MRIs were analyzed with Olea Sphere® 3.0. Lesions’ volumes of interest (VOIs) were drawn on enhanced 3D T1 MP-RAGE and projected on ADC and rCBV co-registered maps. Another two VOIs were drawn in the region of hyperintense cerebral edema, surrounding the lesion, respectively, within 5 mm around the enhancing tumor and into residual edema. Perfusion curves were obtained, and the value of signal recovery (SR) was reported. A two-sample T test was obtained to compare all parameters of GB and BM groups. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed.

Results
According to ROC analysis, the area under the curve was 88%, 78% and 74%, respectively, for mean ADC VOI values of the solid component, the mean and max rCBV values in the perilesional edema and the PSR. The cumulative ROC curve of these parameters reached an area under the curve of 95%. Using perilesional max rCBV > 1.37, PSR > 75% and mean lesional ADC < 1 × 10−3 mm2 s−1 GB could be differentiated from solitary BM (sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 86%).

Conclusion
Lower values of ADC in the enhancing tumor, a higher percentage of SR in perfusion curves and higher values of rCBV in the peritumoral edema closed to the lesion are strongly indicative of GB than solitary BM.
Scanning the solutions for the sustainable supply of forest ecosystem services in Europe
Authors: Hernández-Morcillo M. , Torralba M. , Baiges T. , Bernasconi A. , Bottaro G. , Brogaard S. , Bussola F. , Díaz-Varela E. , Geneletti D. , Grossmann C. M. , Kister J. , Klingler M. , Loft L. , Lovric M. , Mann C. , Pipart N. , Roces-Díaz J. V. , Sorge S. , Tiebel M. , Tyrväinen L. , Varela E. , Winkel G. , Plieninger T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractForests are key components of European multifunctional landscapes and supply numerous forest ecosystem services (FES) fundamental to human well-being. The sustainable provision of FES has the potential to provide responses to major societal challenges, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, or rural development. To identify suitable strategies for the future sustenance of FES, we performed a solution scanning exercise with a group of transdisciplinary forest and FES experts from different European regions. We identified and prioritized fifteen major challenges hindering the balanced provision of multiple FES and identified a series of potential solutions to tackle each of them. The most prominent challenges referred to the increased frequency and impacts of extreme weather events and the normative mindset regarding forest management. The respective solutions pointed to the promotion of forest resilience via climate-smart forestry and mainstreaming FES-oriented management through a threefold strategy focusing on education, awareness raising, and networking. In a subsequent survey, most solutions were assessed as highly effective, transferable, monitorable, and with potential for being economically efficient. The implementation of the solutions could have synergistic effects when applying the notion of leverage points. Seven emerging pathways towards the sustainable supply of FES have been identified. These pathways build on each other and are organized based on their potential for transformation: (1) shifting forest management paradigms towards pluralistic ecosystem valuation; (2) using integrated landscape approaches; (3) increasing forest resilience; (4) coordinating actions between forest-related actors; (5) increasing participation in forest planning and management; (6) continuous, open, and transparent knowledge integration; and (7) using incentive-based instruments to support regulating and cultural FES. These pathways can contribute to the implementation of the new EU Forestry Strategy to support the balanced supply of multiple FES.
Graphical abstract
Fish-Inspired Heuristics: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art Methods
Authors: Alhaqbani Amjaad , Kurdi Heba A. , Hosny Manar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe collective behaviour of fish schools, shoals and other swarms in nature has long inspired researchers to develop solutions for optimization problems. Instinct influences the behaviour of fish to group into schools to increase safety, enhance foraging success, and promote breeding. According to these instinctive behaviours, several fish-inspired algorithms have been introduced to solve hard problems. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of fish-inspired heuristics, exploring their evolution within the context of general optimization problems. To our knowledge, this survey is the first to cover both main fish-inspired heuristics in the literature, namely, the artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) and Fish school search (FSS), in addition to other algorithms inspired by specific fish species. The review covers more than 50 papers published in the Web of Science and IEEE databases since 2000. We first review the basic fish heuristics, highlighting their advantages and drawbacks, and then detail attempts in the literature to improve their behaviour to solve complex, multi-objective and high-dimensional problems in several domains. Our work is intended to provide guidance for researchers and practitioners for the purpose of further advancing research in the area of fish-inspired heuristics. We aspire to encourage their utilization in various fields for global optimization and in real-life applications. The survey findings indicate that fish-inspired heuristics are very alive in recent literature and still have great potential. Several challenges and future research directions are also identified among the findings of this survey, which can help to enhance this vibrant line of research.