bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
McCormick envelopes in mixed-integer PDE-constrained optimization
Authors: Leyffer Sven , Manns Paul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMcCormick envelopes are a standard tool for deriving convex relaxations of optimization problems that involve polynomial terms. Such McCormick relaxations provide lower bounds, for example, in branch-and-bound procedures for mixed-integer nonlinear programs but have not gained much attention in PDE-constrained optimization so far. This lack of attention may be due to the distributed nature of such problems, which on the one hand leads to infinitely many linear constraints (generally state constraints that may be difficult to handle) in addition to the state equation for a pointwise formulation of the McCormick envelopes and renders bound-tightening procedures that successively improve the resulting convex relaxations computationally intractable. We analyze McCormick envelopes for a model problem class that is governed by a semilinear PDE involving a bilinearity and integrality constraints. We approximate the nonlinearity and in turn the McCormick envelopes by averaging the involved terms over the cells of a partition of the computational domain on which the PDE is defined. This yields convex relaxations that underestimate the original problem up to an a priori error estimate that depends on the mesh size of the discretization. These approximate McCormick relaxations can be improved by means of an optimization-based bound-tightening procedure. We show that their minimizers converge to minimizers to a limit problem with a pointwise formulation of the McCormick envelopes when driving the mesh size to zero. We provide a computational example, for which we certify all of our imposed assumptions. The results point to both the potential of the methodology and the gaps in the research that need to be closed. Our methodology provides a framework first for obtaining pointwise underestimators for nonconvexities and second for approximating them with finitely many linear inequalities in an infinite-dimensional setting.
The connection between distance learning profiles and achievement emotions in secondary mathematics education
Authors: Sydänmaanlakka Anni , Häsä Jokke , Holm Marja E. , Hannula Markku S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, distance learning became the dominant form of education, utilizing a variety of technological resources to activate students and facilitate independent learning. In this study, latent profile analysis was used to identify different distance learning profiles and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the relationships between identified profiles and students’ (n = 552) achievement emotions in Finnish upper secondary schools (n = 18). The results supported a four-profile model contrasting teaching practices against student involvement: the largest profile (32.97%) was characterized as deactivating–distracted, followed by deactivating–engaged (24.92%) and activating–engaged (24.64%), with the smallest profile (17.57%) being activating–distracted. Here, activation refers to teaching practices with a focus on student participation and school support, whereas distraction reflects students’ involvement in the distance learning environment. Notably, the activating–engaged profile exhibited the most positive achievement emotions, while the deactivating–distracted profile was associated with the most negative emotions. These results highlight the importance of active participation, promoting engagement, and the need for support in distance learning contexts to foster students’ positive achievement emotions.
Monitoring slow-moving deep-seated landslide using PSI technique: a case study of a potential sliding slope from southern Taiwan
Authors: Lakhote Abhishek , Chan Yu-Chang , Lu Chiao-Yin , Kumar Gopal , Sun Cheng-Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStudying slow-moving, deep-seated landslides is crucial due to their long-lasting effects on landscapes, infrastructure, and communities. In mountainous regions like Taiwan, understanding these landslides is vital for hazard mitigation and land-use planning. Over 2500 pre-existing landslides have been cataloged in Taiwan using LiDAR data, with many identified as potential slow-moving landslide zones, including a significant site, the Liugui-D047, near Hsinfa Village in southern Taiwan. This study aims to understand the E-W and vertical deformation rates at the potential landslide site using the persistent scattering interferometry (PSI) technique. PSI is particularly effective for detecting slow-moving landslides, providing millimeter-level precision in surface deformation measurements over time. By utilizing open-source tools like ISCE and StaMPS, we conducted a five-year PSI analysis from 2018 to 2023 to monitor surface movements at the site. Our results revealed minimal deformation rates, with westward movements ranging from 4.1 to 2.2 mm/yr and vertical downward movements from 4.2 to 1.4 mm/yr. These findings were validated by in situ measurements collected in 2023, confirming the observations of PSI for long-term monitoring. This highlights the effectiveness of combining PSI techniques with open-source tools for monitoring landslide sites, especially in areas with limited in-situ resources. Our study shows that this integration can yield detailed, long-term insights into surface deformations while reducing the costs of extensive in-situ monitoring. Additionally, our findings indicate that the topographically well-defined Liugui-D047 landslide site remained stable with minimal movement over five years, though ongoing monitoring is essential due to multiple influencing factors.
Impact of Positive Childhood Experiences (PCEs): A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies
Authors: Kallapiran Kannan , Suetani Shuichi , Cobham Vanessa , Eapen Valsamma , Scott James 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPositive Childhood Experiences (PCEs) may mitigate the negative outcomes resulting from Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). To date, most PCE research has used cross-sectional or retrospective designs. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched in May 2024 for longitudinal studies that examined the impact of cumulative PCEs. Eight publications from five longitudinal studies with a total of 16,451 participants were included. Three studies focused only on adolescent outcomes. PCEs were associated with reduced rates of depression, substance use, delinquent behavior, risky sexual behavior, persistent insomnia, and lower inflammatory markers. Cumulative PCEs in childhood may moderate the impact of ACEs, potentially playing an important role in reducing the risk for mental disorders and other adverse outcomes later in life.PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022384775).
Mathematical induction in education research: a systematic review
Authors: Arnesen Kristin Krogh , Skartsæterhagen Øystein Ingmar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMathematical induction is a powerful method of proof, taught in most undergraduate programs involving mathematics and in secondary schools in some countries. It is also commonly known to be complex and difficult to comprehend. During the last five decades, mathematics education research has produced numerous studies on the learning and teaching of mathematical induction. In this systematic literature review, we consider important features of this body of research. First, we investigate how the nature of mathematical induction is presented in the research literature. Then, we synthesize the findings of the research. In particular, we pay attention to the approaches and findings of teaching interventions and establish the current state of the art.
Meaning(s) of a student perspective in mathematics education research
Authors: Källberg Petra Svensson , Roos Helena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis systematic literature review explores meaning(s) of a student perspective in mathematics education research by investigating the intentionalities of research texts that use a student perspective. The study views research texts as being produced in and influenced by the context and the discourses in which they are submerged. In exploring the meaning(s) of a student perspective in mathematics education research, we draw on Skovsmose’s intentionality interpretation of meaning. A total of 98 unique research texts were explored, resulting in three meanings of student perspectives in mathematics education research: ‘feelings, experiences, and views’, ‘evaluating interventions’ and ‘validating effects’. The results show that student perspectives in mathematics education research predominantly consisted of studies with the intentionalities of evaluation and validation having a “regular” student in mind. Perspectives from students with certain characteristics, like underserved students and students in different performance levels, are scarce. While the findings might not be surprising, this literature review nonetheless calls for rethinking student perspectives in mathematics education research to include research with students that recognize students’ diverse backgrounds. We end the article by suggesting a desire-based research approach to seriously address students’ hopes, wishes, aspirations, and desires in mathematics education research.
Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in 5 Patients with Autosomal Recessive RIPK1-Deficiency
Authors: Walsh Rebecca B. , McNaughton Peter , Nademi Zohreh , Laberko Alexandra , Balashov Dmitry , Al-Mousa Hamoud , Arkwright Peter D. , Wynn Robert F. , Flood Terry , Williams Eleri , Cant Andrew , Abinun Mario , Hambleton Sophie , Slatter Mary , Gennery Andrew R. , Lum Su Han , Owens Stephen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractReceptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 (RIPK1) is widely expressed and integral to inflammatory and cell death responses. Autosomal recessive RIPK1-deficiency, due to biallelic loss of function mutations in RIPK1, is a rare inborn error of immunity (IEI) resulting in uncontrolled necroptosis, apoptosis and inflammation. Although hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been suggested as a potential curative therapy, the extent to which disease may be driven by extra-hematopoietic effects of RIPK1-deficiency, which are non-amenable to HSCT, is not clear. We present a multi-centre, international review of an additional 5 RIPK1-deficient children who underwent HSCT. All patients presented with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease, 2 also suffered from inflammatory arthritis. Median age at transplant was 3 years (range 1—5 years); 1 received matched sibling marrow, 1 matched unrelated peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC), 2 TCRαβ/CD19-depleted PBSC from maternal-haploidentical donors, and 1 had TCRαβ/CD19-depleted PBSC from a mismatched unrelated donor. All received reduced-toxicity conditioning, based on treosulfan (n = 4) or busulfan (n = 1); 1 patient underwent a successful second transplant following autologous reconstitution. Four of five patients (80%) survived; 1 child died due to multi-drug resistant pseudomonas infection and multi-organ failure. With a median duration of 14 months follow-up, 2 survivors were disease-free, and 2 had substantially improving enteropathy. These findings demonstrated that HSCT is a potential curative therapy for RIPK1-deficiency.
Pre-Transplant Immune Dysregulation Predicts for Poor Outcome Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Adolescents and Adults with Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI)
Authors: Fox Thomas A. , Massey Valerie , Lever Charley , Pearce Rachel , Laurence Arian , Grace Sarah , Oliviero Filippo , Workman Sarita , Symes Andrew , Lowe David M. , Fiaccadori Valeria , Hough Rachael , Tadros Susan , Burns Siobhan O. , Seidel Markus G. , Carpenter Ben , Morris Emma C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAllogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is safe and effective for adolescents and adults with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) with severe disease manifestations of their disease. The haematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) score predicts transplant survival in non-malignant diseases, including IEIs. We hypothesised that immune dysregulation pre-transplant may also influence transplant outcomes. We calculated the pre-transplant immune dysregulation and disease activity score (IDDA v2.1) for 82 adolescent and adult IEI patients (aged ≥ 13 years). Three-year overall survival (OS) for the whole cohort was 90% (n = 82) with a median follow up of 44.7 months (range 8.4 to 225.8). Events were defined as acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) grades II or above, chronic GvHD of any grade, graft failure, or death from any cause. Three-year event free survival (EFS) for the whole cohort was 72%. In multivariable analysis the IDDA v2.1 score pre-transplant and HCT-CI score significantly impacted OS (hazard ratio 1.08, p = 0.028) and EFS (hazard ratio 1.04, p = 0.0005). Importantly, 35% of this cohort had a high IDDA v2.1 score (≥ 15) and low HCT-CI score (< 3) suggesting that the risks of alloHSCT may be underestimated in a proportion of patients with IEI if the HCT-CI score is used alone. These findings support the potential for improved outcomes following successful modulation of immune dysregulation pre-transplant. The IDDA v2.1 score has utility as an objective measurement of pre-transplant immune dysregulation providing additional information reagrding the risks and potential complications of alloHSCT in an individual IEI patient.
Computational Thinking in Science Laboratories Based on the Flipped Classroom Model: Computational Thinking, Laboratory Entrepreneurial and Attitude
Authors: Sari Uğur , Ulusoy Alperen , Pektaş Hüseyin Miraç 
Published: January 2025

AbstractComputational thinking (CT) has gained more value for individuals in a world reshaped by digital transformation in the last decade. Therefore, educators and researchers are trying to integrate CT into teaching practices. Efforts to teach CT are increasing, especially in basic courses widely included in school curricula. The focus of this study is the integration of CT into science teaching in the flipped classroom model. In this context, the effects of flipped computational science laboratory (Flipped-CSL) activities carried out with teacher candidates on CT skills, laboratory entrepreneurship, and attitude were investigated. An intertwined mixed research design, in which quantitative and qualitative data were evaluated together, was used in the study. Findings showed that flipped-CSL activities were effective for teacher candidates and improved their CT skills, laboratory entrepreneurship, and attitudes significantly and positively. The results of this study include the practical use of flipped-CSL activities when planning laboratory activities for school science subjects to improve CT skills. Implications for using of flipped-CSL activities in science education were discussed, and suggestions were made regarding the results.
A phase I study of convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of liposomal-irinotecan using real-time magnetic resonance imaging in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma
Authors: Narsinh Kazim H. , Kumar Karishma , Bankiewicz Krystof , Martin Alastair J. , Berger Mitchell , Clarke Jennifer , Taylor Jennie , Bush Nancy Ann Oberheim , Molinaro Annette M. , Aghi Manish , Butowski Nicholas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Irinotecan demonstrates anti-tumor efficacy in preclinical glioma models but clinical results are modest due to drug delivery limitations. Convection enhanced delivery (CED) improves drug delivery by increasing intratumoral drug concentration. Real-time magnetic resonance imaging of infusate delivery during CED may optimize tumor coverage. This phase 1 trial examines the safety and tolerability of liposomal irinotecan and gadolinium delivered via CED using real-time MRI guidance in recurrent high-grade glioma patients.

Methods
Initially, a 3 + 3 dose-escalating, single dose trial was planned with 4 cohorts based on a fixed drug dose and volume. After 9 patients, a protocol amendment allowed for variable volume and dose of the study agent based on tumor size. The amended design specified ‘personalized’ drug volume but fixed concentration of 20 mg/mL of liposomal irinotecan in the first cohort escalating to 40 mg/mL in the second cohort.

Results
Eighteen patients with recurrent WHO grade 3 or 4 gliomas (diameter 1–4 cm) were treated. Based on the tumor volume, the total dose of liposomal irinotecan was 20–680 mg in a total volume of 2–17 ml. Technical challenges were overcome by real-time MRI guidance and protocol amendment. The only dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was a grade 3 stroke. Safety and survival information is presented.

Conclusions
CED of liposomal irinotecan using real-time MRI in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma is feasible. Image-guidance allowed for improved placement of CED cannulas and optimal tumor coverage. Our results warrant further study with repeat CED dosing.
Policy integration in urban policies as multi-level policy mixes
Authors: Dorado-Rubín María José , Guerrero-Mayo María José , Navarro-Yáñez Clemente Jesús 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper analyses policy integration in the field of urban policies. Specifically, the policy framework on sustainable urban development promoted by various international organisations is analysed as an exemplar combining multi-sectoriality in its substantive dimension (policy goals in different policy subsystems) and integration in its procedural dimension (integration between policy actions across policy subsystems involved). It is assumed that urban policies often take the form of multi-level policy mixes, and that integration involves a process of collective action between different policy subsystems. Based on the literature on policy integration and actor-centred institutionalism frameworks, it is postulated that in the absence of clear indications about the integrated strategy and policy integration capacities in the policy frame, the collective action dilemmas that this strategy entails in local projects will prevail, reducing the possibility of policy integration. The implementation of the urban dimension of the European Union's cohesion policy in Spain between 1994 and 2013 is analysed a total of 82 urban projects, where the integrated strategy is a central element but understood as multi-sectorial objectives rather than a complementarity between policy subsystems. Empirical results show a high level of diversity of objectives across policy sectors and a very low level of integration; specifically, a curvilinear pattern in the relationship between these two aspects. The results highlight the need to include policy instruments and capacities in the policy frame to address the collective action dilemmas that policy integration implies, especially if the policy frame calls for a broad multi-sectorial agenda across different policy subsystems.
Beyond “Hope”: Constructive Anger as a Force in Sustained Climate Action
Authors: Grau Marion 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores the role of constructive anger in motivating and sustaining climate action. It considers relevant research in climate psychology with special attention to the dynamic between climate-related anger, action, and hope. The psychological research is then applied to a reconstruction of the concept of anger and hope in philosophical and theological approaches. Developing the concept of constructive anger, this article suggests that such constructive anger can be a factor in moving through apathy, fear, and depression and mobilizing toward collective climate action. Climate-related anger can be relieved through collective forms of climate action and the sense of collective efficacy that can emerge in becoming active. These can become a means to generating resistant, active, constructive forms of hope that can be distinguished from deceptive forms of hope.
Life Satisfaction and Inequality in Slovakia: The Role of Income, Consumption and Wealth
Authors: Banerjee Biswajit , Tóth Peter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn recent years, a small number of studies have emphasized that subjective well-being of individuals depends not only on income but also consumption and wealth. However, only a few have examined the influence of all three variables simultaneously. Empirical studies have also analyzed the role of self-centered and community-centered inequalities but the inclusion of both measures in the same specification is scarce. In a departure from much of the existing literature, this paper analyzes concurrently the influence of all three economic well-being indicators and both types of inequalities on subjective well-being. We find that absolute levels of income, consumption and wealth all have a significant positive effect that remains robust even after the inclusion of self-centered and community-centered inequalities in the regression equations. The evidence indicates that both types of inequalities are important considerations for subjective well-being, but with different influences. Self-centered inequality measured using reference group average has a positive signaling effect, while inequality defined by the position of an individual within the distribution of the relevant economic well-being indicator has a negative comparison effect. Whereas community-centered inequality in income has a positive signaling effect, consumption and wealth inequalities have a negative comparison effect.
Citizen Participation and Political Efficacy at the Grassroots Level: The Case of Residents’ Self-Governance Associations in Seoul, South Korea
Authors: Miura Hiroki , Lee Taedong , Kim Euiyoung 
Published: January 2025

AbstractResidents’ self-governance associations (RSAs) in Seoul, South Korea, have been established to enhance local democracy at the grassroots level. Do participants in RSAs feel political efficacy? What factors influence the political efficacy of community benefits and consensus building through RSAs? This study aims to theorize and test the relationships between citizens’ political efficacy, as measured by participation satisfaction, community benefits, and consensus building, and various socioeconomic, cultural, procedural, and institutional factors. Multilevel ordered logit models of surveys from 1,319 RSA participants suggest that the citizen-led decision-making process, participation frequency, trust in neighbors, and budget and staff support are positively associated with political efficacy. To promote grassroots democracy and enhance the political efficacy of participating citizens, local RSAs should be operated in a voluntary, cooperative, and democratic manner. Supporting local self-governance organizations and their activities with adequate funding and effective administration is crucial for success.
International organizations in national parliamentary debates
Authors: Hunter Tom , Walter Stefanie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis data article introduces IOParlspeech, an original dataset of over 600,000 statements on international organizations (IOs) in parliamentary debates in six countries between 1990 and 2018. We explain the creation of the dataset and demonstrate the value of IOParlspeech through two exploratory studies. First, we examine which actors convey more positive and more negative sentiment regarding IOs in parliamentary discourse. Contributing to research on IO contestation, we demonstrate that parliamentarians from the radical right and left, as well as parliamentarians in opposition, use more negative language in their IO-related communication. Second, we explore the salience of IOs in national parliaments. Speaking to debates about the democratic deficit of IOs, we show that IOs with higher authority and those with an international parliamentary institution are more likely to be discussed in parliament. We conclude by suggesting further uses for IOParlspeech.