bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water movement in sodic soils explained through hands‐on demonstrations
Authors: DeSutter Thomas M. , Derby Nathan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMillions of ha of sodic soils exist around the world and the movement of water through these soils is most directly dictated by the concentration of Na and overall electrical conductivity of the soil, and minerology of the clay. Helping farmers, land managers, crop advisors, and students better understand why water moves or does not move in these soils is necessary so that proper management strategies for these soils can occur. The purpose of this article is to provide educators and extension specialists with demonstrations that help describe water movement through sodic and non‐sodic soils. The first demonstration links water movement through sodic soils and how altering the concentration of Na and soluble salts influences water movement. The second demonstration allows audiences to link the movement of water through soil horizons having varying concentrations of Na, soluble salts, and clay. These demonstrations may be useful educational tools on how and why amendments are used for improving water movement within sodic soils and also to show restrictions in water movement through naturally‐occurring natric or clay‐enriched horizons.
Analysis of the relative stability of trigonal and tetrahedral boronate cyclic esters in terms of boronic acid and diol acidities and the strain release effect
Authors: Martínez‐Aguirre Mayte A. , Medrano Felipe , Ramírez‐Rave Sandra , Yatsimirsky Anatoly K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHigher stability of tetrahedral hydroxyboronate cyclic esters of 1,2‐diols in comparison with the respective trigonal esters and the associated increased acidity of the trigonal esters in comparison with free boronic acids are well‐known and important aspects of the thermodynamics of boronate ester formation usually attributed to the strain in O–B–O angle created in the trigonal esters and released in the tetrahedral hydroxyboronates. The stability constants of tetrahedral (Ktet) and trigonal (Ktrig) boronate esters of several aliphatic and aromatic 1,2‐ and 1,3‐diols with a series of five boronic acids of variable acidity were determined by potentiometric titrations in water. The ratio Ktet/Ktrig varies from ~10 for cis‐1,2‐cyclopentanediol to ~104 for catechol entirely due to the increase in Ktet for more acidic diols and is weakly affected by the acidity of boronic acids. Analysis of DFT minimized structures of trigonal and tetrahedral esters of phenylboronic acid with cis‐1,2‐cyclopentanediol, 1,4‐anhydroerythritol, and catechol demonstrates the absence of postulated strain release in the tetrahedral esters. A global analysis of new and previously reported relevant data on Ktet, Ktrig, and Ktet/Ktrig values for 1,2‐ and 1,3‐diols and different boronic acids in terms of the Brønsted‐type correlations with pKa values of the reaction components shows that Ktet/Ktrig values vary in a wide range from ~1 to ~106, and this variation can be satisfactorily explained by the stabilization of tetrahedral hydroxyboronate cyclic esters by more acidic diols without invoking of the strain release effect.
Managing distress in cancer patients with attachment based interventions: A case report
Authors: Gogne Anupriya , Pineda Jessica 
Published: August 2022

Key points

Cancer diagnosis and its lengthy treatment can have profound psychological effects, including shock and disbelief at initial diagnosis, worry, depression with multiple losses and recurrences, and long‐lasting side effects from treatment
Emotional regulation through secure attachments can aid in the recovery process, which could be useful for cancer patients who have heightened attachment needs secondary to emotional and physical vulnerability during the cancer treatment
We discuss the case of a Caucasian woman seeking psychiatric care for distress in the context of cancer diagnosis and treatment, who benefited significantly from supportive and attachment‐based interventions
In concordance with attachment‐based interventions, we focused on building a safe therapeutic relationship, exploring prior trauma, and addressing its role in current interactions with authority figures with the patient. Her ability to adapt and cope with illness was strengthened using mindfulness and self‐soothing
While caring for distressed oncology patients, collaboration of care between the teams involved in treatment can be key to get through challenging situations and impasses during the treatment course
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with cardiac invasion diagnosed using transesophageal ultrasound‐guided bronchoscopic aspiration
Authors: Nagayama Daiki , Sumi Toshiyuki , Keira Yoshiko , Tanaka Yusuke , Michimata Haruhiko , Koshino Yuta , Watanabe Hiroki , Yamada Yuichi , Chiba Hirofumi 
Published: August 2022

Key messageTransesophageal ultrasound‐guided bronchoscopic aspiration (EUS‐B‐FNA) allowed for minimally invasive and simultaneous diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of invasion by echocardiography. EUS‐B‐FNA may be useful for the evaluation and diagnosis of tumours with cardiac invasion.
Interval observer‐based bumpless switching control for switched systems
Authors: Zhao Ying , Pang Mingchuan , Wang Peng , Yu Shuanghe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn interval observer‐based bumpless switching (BS) control scheme for switched systems (SSs) is proposed in this article. First, a couple of interval observers are built to capture the system state from its upper and lower bounds, respectively. Then, according to the observers, the controllers with small jumps at switching points and the switching logic are co‐developed to stabilize the SS and reducing the unwanted big steps in the control signal at switching moments. Further, under the proposed interval observers, interval observer‐based controllers, and the switching director, a condition is driven to ensure the solvability of the observer‐based BS control problem, even though every subsystem may not permit a solution to the control problem. Finally, a verification example serving for the established interval observer‐based BS control scheme is offered.
The overlooked contribution of a fish bypass channel to the density and diversity of macroinvertebrate drift in a heavily modified river system
Authors: Nagel Christoffer , Mizerakis Vangelis , Pander Joachim , Geist Juergen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe freshwater biodiversity decline affects all trophic levels, prompting restoration efforts. While habitat restoration for fish is well‐studied, habitat restoration to benefit other sensitive taxa such as Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) remains poor. Consequently, this study investigated the habitat function of a man‐made nature‐like bypass system for EPT taxa in a highly modified alpine river with several drift feeding fishes. Spatially and temporally distributed drift samples were used to test the hypotheses that the bypass (a) enhances the density of drifting individuals compared to the main river and (b) diversifies drift assemblages compared to the main river. Mean drift density of EPT taxa was lowest in the main stem of the river close to the inlet of the bypass (38.24 Ind./100m3) and significantly increased toward the downstream direction of the bypass, near the outflow (61.49 Ind./100m3). In addition, drift assemblages significantly changed from the main stem to the bypass and the number of EPT taxa detected more than doubled (main stem: 16 genera; last site in the bypass: 33 genera), indicating that the bypass can provide a macroinvertebrate source to the main stem. Seasonal and diel drift patterns were similar to those observed in natural streams, underpinning the finding that nature‐like bypass systems can feature an EPT community similar to natural rivers. This study aligns with a growing body of evidence on the habitat function of nature‐like bypass systems for aquatic taxa and highlights the importance of this restoration measure beyond the aspect of solely restoring habitat connectivity.
Water quality indices appraisal and health risk assessment of nitrate, mercury and lead in water distribution network: A case study of Robat Karim in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Badihi Azadeh , Jahangiri‐rad Mahsa , Mahmoudkhani Rouhallah , Kashi Giti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGroundwater is a basic source of drinking water supply for urban and rural areas. This is especially the case for communities located in arid and semi‐arid regions that rely on groundwater for drinking purposes. The present study set out to assess the potential health impacts of water impurities and to investigate the qualitative status of drinking water in Robat Karim rural areas, located in southwest Tehran, Iran. A total of 66 samples were collected from the water distribution network of 11 villages (33 sampling points, on two occasions) during September 2020 and were tested in terms of the most common quality parameters such as pH, mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chloride (Cl–), chlorate (ClO3–), nitrite (NO2–), nitrate (NO3–), and flouride (F–). Multiple methods and indexes including water quality index (WQI), hazard quotient (HQ), and hazard index (HI), were worked out to assess the quality of water and health risk assessment of NO3– Pb2+ and Hg2+. The results revealed that 33% and 90% of sampling sites have significantly high nitrate and total hardness (TH) concentrations, exceeding the maximum permissible limits set by World Health Organization (WHO; 50 and 200 mg/L, respectively). Furthermore, five sampling points exhibited poor WQIs mainly related to NO3– and TH. HQ values higher than 1 for nitrate were noticed in most sampling locations. Except for one sampling point, the HQ obtained for Pb2+ and Hg2+ were below 1 indicating no obvious health hazard. This study represents that children and infants are at higher risk of chronic toxicity by excess NO3– intake. The health hazard that is yet imposed on the community by NO3– necessitates regular monitoring of drinking water, the use of advanced technologies to purify water or otherwise alternative resources should be proposed.
Molecular epidemiology of Akabane virus in Taiwan
Authors: Tzeng Hau‐You , Tsai Cheng‐Lung , Ting Lu‐Jen , Liao Kuei‐Min , Tu Wu‐Chun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAkabane virus (AKAV) is a teratogenic and neuropathogenic arbovirus that infects livestock and wild animals. AKAVs are endemic arboviruses from dairy farms in Taiwan in 1989, and the first sequence was detected in cattle with nonsuppurative encephalitis in 1992.ObjectivesThis study aims to understand the epidemiological relationships of the akabane viruses between Taiwan and nearby places.MethodsIn this study, 17 specimens were identified or isolated from vector insects, and ruminant fetuses collected from 1992 to 2015 were sequenced and analysed.ResultsSequence analyses revealed all Taiwanese AKAVs belonged to genogroup Ia but diverged into two clusters in the phylogenetic trees, implying that at least two invasive events of AKAV may have occurred in Taiwan.ConclusionsThe two clusters of AKAVs could still be identified in Taiwan in 2015, and a reassortment event was observed, indicating that the two clusters of AKAVs are already endemic in Taiwan.
Institutional and Social Xenophobia Towards Venezuelan Migrants in the Context of a Racialized Country: The Case of Peru
Authors: Blouin Cécile , Zamora Gómez Cristina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough there is a growing academic interest in xenophobia in South America (Chan & Strabucchi, Asian Ethnicity 22(2):374–394, 2020; Tijoux-Merino, Convergencia: Revista de Ciencias Sociales 20(61):83–104, 2013; Guizardi & Mardones, Estudios Fronterizos 21:1–24, 2020), research is incipient on Peru due, in part, to the recent changes in migration trends. Moreover, in the case of Peru, scholars have not explored how xenophobia and racism intersect and connect. Addressing this gap, this chapter examines xenophobia in Peru against the Venezuelan community from an institutional and social perspective, addressing how both perspectives are relational and self-sustaining in a context of racialization. We use a mixed methodology that combines literature and political-normative analysis with quantitative data analysis. We examine how the institutional xenophobia against Venezuelan migration in the country, expressed through legislation as well as informal and formal practices of exclusion, have portrayed migrants as invaders. We also argue that the structural and complex racialization that operates in the country is also nourished by a special hatred against the foreigner who threatens the fragile sense of nationhood in Peru. Thus, we observe the emergence of a feeling of Venezuelanphobia as a hatred towards everything that has to do with ‘the Venezuelan.’
The influence of body mass index on the tolerability and effectiveness of full-weight-based paclitaxel chemotherapy in women with early-stage breast cancer
Authors: Lin Lishi , Soesan Marcel , van Balen Dorieke E. M. , Beijnen Jos H. , Huitema Alwin D. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the influence of body mass index (BMI) on the tolerability and effectiveness of full-weight-based paclitaxel chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients.

Methods
Early-stage breast cancer patients who received (neo)adjuvant weekly paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 chemotherapy were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into three groups based on their BMI: lean, overweight, and obese. Logistic regression was used to assess for association between BMI with administered relative dose intensity (RDI) < 85%. The occurrence of treatment modifications and the pathological response on neoadjuvant chemotherapy were compared between BMI categories.

Results
Four hundred (400) patients were included in this study; 200 (50%) lean, 125 (31%) overweight, and 75 (19%) obese patients. The adjusted odds ratio to receive RDI < 85% for BMI was 1.02 (p value, .263). Treatment modifications occurred in 115 (58%), 82 (66%), and 52 (69%) patients in the respective BMI categories (p value = .132). Peripheral neuropathy was observed in 79 (40%), 58 (46%), and 41 (55%) patients in the lean, overweight, and obese group (p value = .069), whereas hematologic toxicity was observed in 31 (16%), 10 (8%), and 4 (5%) patients (p value = .025). Pathological complete response was observed in 22 (17%), 11 (14%), and 6 (13%) patients in the respective BMI categories (p value = .799).

Conclusion
BMI did not significantly influence the tolerability and effectiveness of full-weight-based paclitaxel chemotherapy. Therefore, the results of this study align with current guideline recommendations of using full-weight-based paclitaxel chemotherapy in obese patients.
Towards cost-benefit evaluation for continuous software engineering activities
Authors: Klotins Eriks , Gorschek Tony , Sundelin Katarina , Falk Erik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Context:
Software companies must become better at delivering software to remain relevant in the market. Continuous integration and delivery practices promise to streamline software deliveries to end-users by implementing an automated software development and delivery pipeline. However, implementing or retrofitting an organization with such a pipeline is a substantial investment, while the reporting on benefits and their relevance in specific contexts/domains are vague.

Aim:
In this study, we explore continuous software engineering practices from an investment-benefit perspective. We identify what benefits can be attained by adopting continuous practices, what the associated investments and risks are, and analyze what parameters determine their relevance.

Method:
We perform a multiple case study to understand state-of-practice, organizational aims, and challenges in adopting continuous software engineering practices. We compare state-of-practice with state-of-the-art to validate the best practices and identify relevant gaps for further investigation.

Results:
We found that companies start the CI/CD adoption by automating and streamlining the internal development process with clear and immediate benefits. However, upgrading customers to continuous deliveries is a major obstacle due to existing agreements and customer push-back. Renegotiating existing agreements comes with a risk of losing customers and disrupting the whole organization.

Conclusions:
We conclude that the benefits of CI/CD are overstated in literature without considering the contextual and domain complexities rendering some benefits infeasible. We identify the need to understand the customer and organizational perspectives further and understand the contextual requirements towards the CI/CD.
Opportunism and MPs’ chances of re-election: an analysis of political transformism in the Italian parliament
Authors: Brancati Emanuele , Fedeli Silvia , Forte Francesco , Leonida Leone 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe identify as political transformists the Italian members of parliament (MPs) who cross the aisle and vote for legislation opposed by their own political group—i.e., MPs who transform from the political opposition to the ruling parties (or from government supporters) into a force supporting the government (or opposition)—thus representing sources of party and governmental instability. Transformism, which characterized 471 MPs over the period considered, does not coincide with the broader phenomena of party switching already studied in political science. Once we disentangle the distinct behaviors, we study whether transformism helps extend the tenures of all 7128 MPs observed from 1946 to 2013. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first work to consider the role of transformism in the survival of politicians. Our results suggest that transforming MPs suffer marked reductions in their survival probabilities, especially when compared with their fellow parliamentarians. However, transformist MPs, immediately after coming out as such, are more likely to survive than MPs remaining reliably loyal to their parties. That is, over time, transformists are punished by the electorate, but newly transformed politicians enjoy short-term comparative electoral advantages, thus shedding light on the relevance of a long-standing Italian political phenomenon.
Canagliflozin retards age-related lesions in heart, kidney, liver, and adrenal gland in genetically heterogenous male mice
Authors: Snyder Jessica M. , Casey Kerriann M. , Galecki Andrzej , Harrison David E. , Jayarathne Hashan , Kumar Navasuja , Macchiarini Francesca , Rosenthal Nadia , Sadagurski Marianna , Salmon Adam B. , Strong Randy , Miller Richard A. , Ladiges Warren 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Canagliflozin (Cana), a clinically important anti-diabetes drug, leads to a 14% increase in median lifespan and a 9% increase in the 90th percentile age when given to genetically heterogeneous male mice from 7 months of age, but does not increase lifespan in female mice. A histopathological study was conducted on 22-month-old mice to see if Cana retarded diverse forms of age-dependent pathology. This agent was found to diminish incidence or severity, in male mice only, of cardiomyopathy, glomerulonephropathy, arteriosclerosis, hepatic microvesicular cytoplasmic vacuolation (lipidosis), and adrenal cortical neoplasms. Protection against atrophy of the exocrine pancreas was seen in both males and females. Thus, the extension of lifespan in Cana-treated male mice, which is likely to reflect host- or tumor-mediated delay in lethal neoplasms, is accompanied by parallel retardation of lesions, in multiple tissues, that seldom if ever lead to death in these mice. Canagliflozin thus can be considered a drug that acts to slow the aging process and should be evaluated for potential protective effects against many other late-life conditions.
Impact of High-Intensity Static Magnetic Field on Chemical Properties and Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge
Authors: Di Costanzo Nicola , Di Capua Francesco , Cesaro Alessandra , Mascolo Maria Cristina , Pirozzi Francesco , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe increasing production of sewage sludge at global level has addressed the search for technical solutions to take advantage from it, reducing the environmental burden originating from its disposal. Anaerobic digestion is a suitable option to handle sewage sludge in accordance with circular economy principles, as it generates a methane-rich biogas and a digestate with potential fertilizing properties. Several techniques have been proposed to enhance anaerobic digestion performances and, among these, the application of static magnetic field (SMF) has recently gained attention. Nonetheless, the effects of high-intensity SMF on the sewage sludge destined to anaerobic digestion and its impact on the anaerobic digestion process have not been evaluated yet. This study aims to determine the effects of a 1.5 T SMF on the chemical composition of sewage sludge as well as on methane generation during anaerobic digestion. The main parameters influencing the SMF (i.e., flow rate, mixing ratio of magnetized to non-magnetized sludge, number of pumping cycles, and total solid content) were varied to evaluate the impact of different exposure conditions on the chemical characteristics and methane potential of sewage sludge. An extensive exposure to the high-intensity SMF applied resulted in a 24% decrease of methane production, reduced the concentration of the monitored ionic species (i.e., NH4+, NO3−, PO43−, SO42− and Mg2+) in the liquid phase of sewage sludge, and promoted the precipitation of compounds with valuable fertilizing properties, e.g., struvite. These outcomes suggest that high-intensity SMF, although negatively influencing methane generation, can promote the precipitation, and possibly the recovery/recycle of valuable compounds from sewage sludge, enhancing its proper management in a circular economy perspective.
Graphical abstract
Dietary nitrate and brain health. Too much ado about nothing or a solution for dementia prevention?
Authors: Siervo Mario , Babateen Abrar , Alharbi Mushari , Stephan Blossom , Shannon Oliver 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDementia is a significant public health priority with approximately 55 million cases worldwide, and this number is predicted to quadruple by 2050. Adherence to a healthy diet and achieving optimal nutritional status are vital strategies to improve brain health. The importance of this area of research has been consolidated into the new term ‘nutritional psychiatry’. Dietary nitrate, closely associated with the intake of fruits and vegetables, is a compound that is increased in dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean and MIND diets and has protective effects on cognition and brain health. Nitrate is characterised by a complex metabolism and is the precursor of the nitrate–nitrite–nitric oxide (NO) pathway contributing to systemic NO generation. A higher intake of dietary nitrate has been linked to protective effects on vascular outcomes including blood pressure and endothelial function. However, the current evidence supporting the protective effects of dietary nitrate on brain health is less convincing. This article aims to provide a critical appraisal of the current evidence for dietary nitrate supplementation for improving brain health and provide suggestions for future research.