bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Performance and Insensitive DNTF‐DFTNAN Eutectic: Binary Phase Diagram and Characterization
Authors: Xiao Chun , Yu Qian , Zheng Xiangyang , Zheng Baohui , Guo Ya , Luo Guan , Jin Bo , Li Jinshan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn order to hunt for a high‐energy and insensitive eutectic, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method was used to investigate the melting process of DNTF‐DFTNAN co‐molten mixtures with different compositions. Based on the experimental T‐x phase diagram, the experimentally extrapolated molar ratio of DNTF‐DFTNAN eutectic mixture is 30.1/69.9, which is consistent with the result from the H‐x phase diagram, and the eutectic point is about 335.5 K, showing that the addition of DFTNAN can effectively reduce the melting temperature of DNTF. The FT‐IR and XRD measurements of raw DNTF, raw DFTNAN and the DNTF‐DFTNAN eutectic indicate that no chemical reaction occurred and the structure of crystal doesn't change during the preparation of the eutectic. The thermal decomposition temperatures at different heating rates and the apparent activation energy of eutectic are basically between DNTF and DFTNAN. The drop height (H50) for the DNTF‐DFTNAN eutectic increases by 27.4 cm (85.1%) compared with that of DNTF, and the detonation velocity decreases only by 0.5 km/s (5.5 %), implying that the DFTNAN can efficiently desensitize the DNTF explosive with a slight energy loss. In addition, the polynomial equations of mechanical sensitivity and detonation velocity with DNTF content were fitted to adjust the detonation performance and sensitivity of DNTF‐DFTNAN co‐molten mixture, which provides an opportunity to design DNTF‐DFTNAN expected melt‐cast explosives.
Cryptic binding properties of a transient folding intermediate in a PDZ tandem repeat
Authors: Malagrinò Francesca , Fusco Giuliana , Pennacchietti Valeria , Toto Angelo , Nardella Caterina , Pagano Livia , de Simone Alfonso , Gianni Stefano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPDZ domains are the most diffused protein–protein interaction modules of the human proteome and are often present in tandem repeats. An example is PDZD2, a protein characterized by the presence of six PDZ domains that undergoes a proteolytic cleavage producing sPDZD2, comprising a tandem of two PDZ domains, namely PDZ5 and PDZ6. Albeit the physiopathological importance of sPDZD2 is well‐established, the interaction with endogenous ligands has been poorly characterized. To understand the determinants of the stability and function of sPDZD2, we investigated its folding pathway. Our data highlights the presence of a complex scenario involving a transiently populated folding intermediate that may be accumulated from the concurrent denaturation of both PDZ5 and PDZ6 domains. Importantly, double jump kinetic experiments allowed us to pinpoint the ability of this transient intermediate to bind the physiological ligand of sPDZD2 with increased affinity compared to the native state. In summary, our results provide an interesting example of a functionally competent misfolded intermediate, which may exert a cryptic function that is not captured from the analysis of the native state only.
Phenotypic mutations contribute to protein diversity and shape protein evolution
Authors: Romero Romero Maria Luisa , Landerer Cedric , Poehls Jonas , Toth‐Petroczy Agnes 
Published: August 2022

AbstractErrors in DNA replication generate genetic mutations, while errors in transcription and translation lead to phenotypic mutations. Phenotypic mutations are orders of magnitude more frequent than genetic ones, yet they are less understood. Here, we review the types of phenotypic mutations, their quantifications, and their role in protein evolution and disease. The diversity generated by phenotypic mutation can facilitate adaptive evolution. Indeed, phenotypic mutations, such as ribosomal frameshift and stop codon readthrough, sometimes serve to regulate protein expression and function. Phenotypic mutations have often been linked to fitness decrease and diseases. Thus, understanding the protein heterogeneity and phenotypic diversity caused by phenotypic mutations will advance our understanding of protein evolution and have implications on human health and diseases.
A structural database of chain–chain and domain–domain interfaces of proteins
Authors: Sen Neeladri , Madhusudhan Mallur S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we mined the PDB and created a structural library of 178,465 interfaces that mediate protein–protein/domain–domain interactions. Interfaces involving the same CATH fold(s) were clustered together. Our analysis of the library reveals similarities between chain–chain and domain–domain interactions. The library also illustrates how a single protein fold can interact with multiple folds using similar interfaces. The library is hence a useful resource to study the types of interactions between protein folds. Analyzing the data in the library reveals various interesting aspects of protein–protein and domain–domain interactions such as how proteins belonging to folds that interact with many other folds also have high number of Enzyme Commission terms. These data could be utilized to seek potential binding partners. It can also be utilized to investigate the different ways in which two or more folds interact with one another structurally. We constructed a statistical potential of pair preferences of amino acids across the interface for chain–chain and domain–domain interactions separately. They are quite similar further lending credence to the notion that domain–domain interfaces could be used to study chain–chain interactions. We analyzed protein complexes modeled by AlphaFold2 and RoseTTAFold and noticed that some of the modes of interaction involve folds and interfaces that have not been observed to bind in the PDB. Lastly and importantly, the library includes predicted small molecule‐binding sites at protein–protein interfaces. This has applications as interfaces containing small molecule‐binding sites can be easily targeted to prevent the interaction and perhaps form a part of a therapeutic strategy.
Sub‐hourly resolution quality control of rain‐gauge data significantly improves regional sub‐daily return level estimates
Authors: Villalobos‐Herrera Roberto , Blenkinsop Stephen , Guerreiro Selma B. , O'Hara Tess , Fowler Hayley J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis research demonstrates how the use of high‐resolution rain‐gauge data for quality control (QC) significantly changes extreme rainfall estimates, with implications in scientific, meteorological and engineering applications. Current open QC algorithms only consider data at hourly or daily accumulations. Here we present the first open QC algorithm utilising sub‐hourly rain‐gauge data from official networks at a national, multi‐decade scale. We use data from 1,301 rain‐gauges in Great Britain (GB) to develop a threshold‐based methodology for sub‐hourly QC that can be used to complement existing, freely available hourly QC methods by developing an algorithm for sub‐hourly QC that uses monthly thresholds for 1 hr, 15 min and 1 min rainfall totals. We then evaluated the effect of combining these QC procedures on rainfall distributions using graphical and statistical methods, with an emphasis on extreme value analysis. We demonstrate that the additional information in sub‐hourly rainfall allows our new QC to remove spuriously large values undetected by existing methods which generate errors in extreme rainfall estimates. This results in statistically significant differences between extreme rainfall estimates for 15 min and 1 hr accumulations, with smaller differences found for 6 and 24 hr totals. We also find that extremes in the distributions of 15 min and 1 hr rainfall accumulations tend to grow more rapidly with return period than for longer accumulation periods. We observe similarities between the shape parameter populations for 15 min and 1 hr rainfall accumulations, suggesting that hourly records may be used to improve shape parameter estimates for extreme sub‐hourly rainfall in GB. Sub‐hourly QC moderates unrealistically large return level estimates for short‐duration rainfall, with beneficial impacts on data required for the design of urban drainage infrastructure and the validation of high‐resolution climate models.
Estimation of waste‐to‐energy system reliability under hierarchical Bayesian
Authors: Gholizadeh Ramin , londono Sergio L. M. , Fazlollahtabar Hamed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss about the hierarchical Bayesian (HB) estimation concerning system reliability for a waste‐to‐energy (WTE) process. The main goal of this approach is to obtain this estimation WTE process reliability under different loss functions related series, parallel, andk‐out‐of‐msystems. In this case, we can drive system outcome by estimating each individual component. It is assumed that components are independent and identically distributed exponential random variables. Properties of the HB estimations under different loss functions are also provided, and comparisons are made between Bayesian and HB estimators via Monte Carlo simulation. The implementation of the proposed procedure was illustrated in detail by employing numerical practical examples extracted from a WTE process at the final part of this paper.
Robotic single‐port surgery: Preliminary experience in general surgery
Authors: Bianco Francesco M. , Dreifuss Nicolas H. , Chang Betty , Schlottmann Francisco , Cubisino Antonio , Mangano Alberto , Pavelko Yevhen , Masrur Mario A. , Giulianotti Pier C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aim to analyse the safety and feasibility of the DaVinci Single Port (SP) platform in general surgery.MethodsA prospective series of robotic SP transabdominal pre‐peritoneal inguinal hernia repairs (SP‐TAPP) and cholecystectomies (SP‐C) (off‐label) were analysed. Primary endpoints were safety and feasibility defined by the need for conversion and incidence of perioperative complications.ResultsA total of 225 SP procedures were performed; 84 (37.3%) SP‐TAPP (70 unilateral, 7 bilateral), and 141 (62.7%) SP‐C. There were no conversions or additional ports placed. Mean console time was 17.6, 31.9, and 54 min for SP‐C, unilateral, and bilateral SP‐TAPP, respectively. There was no mortality, intraoperative or major postoperative complications. Mean LOS was 2.7 h for elective SP‐TAPP and 2.3 h for SP‐C.ConclusionRobotic SP surgery is safe and feasible for two of the most performed general surgery operations. Further experience might allow expanding the applications of robotic single‐incision surgery for other procedures.
Technologies for the study of hydropeaking impacts on fish populations: Applications, advantages, outcomes, and future developments
Authors: Alexandre Carlos M. , Quintella Bernardo R. , Ovidio Michaël , Boavida Isabel , Costa Maria J. , Palstra Arjan P. , de Lima Rui L. Pedroso , de Lima Maria Isabel P. , de Lima João L.M.P. , Almeida Pedro R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDam construction and streamflow regulation are increasing throughout the world, with impacts in impounded aquatic ecosystems. Hydropower dams, some of them causing a phenomenon called “hydropeaking” during their operation, are known for having a variety of impacts on downstream aquatic biota, particularly fish, and respective habitat. This can result in significant changes, from the community (e.g., fish assemblage structure) to the individual level (e.g., physiological and behavioural adjustments). Researchers and managers involved in the assessment of hydropeaking impacts must be resourceful and use methods that allow their precise evaluation, from large to fine‐scale habitat and biological responses. In the last decades, technological advances allowed for the development of techniques and instrumentations that are increasingly being used in hydropeaking impact and mitigation assessments. This paper aims to provide a review, to researchers and managers interested in this field, of some of the most innovative methods and techniques, involving technology, that are available to study hydropeaking effects on downstream ecosystem, particularly from a fish perspective. We discuss the fundamentals behind such techniques, their advantages, and disadvantages, while also providing practical examples of their application and of the type of results that can be obtained. We finish by discussing some of the shortcomings of these methods and how related technology can evolve to solve current limitations.
Requirements on Satellite Access Node and User Equipment for Non‐Terrestrial Networks in 5G New Radio of 3GPP Release‐17
Authors: Panaitopol Dorin , Jin Yiran , Tang Runsen , Park Changhwan 
Published: August 2022

SummaryFor the first time, 3GPP considered in Release‐17 the introduction of mobile satellite service (MSS) frequency bands for 3GPP user equipment (UE) direct connectivity with satellites and had to consider the coexistence in adjacent bands with terrestrial networks (TNs). This paper will further explain the most challenging and the main surprising outcomes of this work, which opened new market opportunities for both terrestrial and nonterrestrial stakeholders. 5G New Radio nonterrestrial networks (NTNs) for satellite communications are representing a major breakthrough in the history of telecommunication for the capability of reuniting two different types of services, that is, terrestrial and nonterrestrial, by reusing the same waveform and potentially the same type of terminal. One of the major conclusions of the 5G NR NTN 3GPP work in Release‐17 was that NTN UE could reuse the current requirements of the TN UE. For this reason, the same terminal can connect to both TNs and to nonterrestrial satellite constellations. Consequently, the market is not fragmented and therefore there will be a real opportunity for both terrestrial and satellite operators to increase the coverage and the quality of the service all over the world. This is one of the most important breakthroughs that 3GPP Release‐17 work was able to justify because it clearly shows that satellite connectivity using 5G NR technology is not only for dedicated satellite 5G NR UE with a higher power class. On the other hand, the 3GPP work also shows that the satellite connectivity does not require a dedicated satellite waveform, because 5G NR waveform based on CP‐OFDM (for downlink) and DFT‐s‐OFDM (for uplink) is sufficient. Another important finding is that TN can coexist with NTN on adjacent channels with relaxed ACIR requirements for the tested simulation scenarios. In fact, the satellite 5G NR requirements are lower when compared with terrestrial base station (BS) requirements from previous 3GPP releases. The satellite ecosystem tremendously changed after these findings, and both satellite and terrestrial stakeholders now see a potential market opportunity.
One‐Step Synthesis of Multi‐Core‐Void@Shell Structured Silicon Anode for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Bi Xiangyu , Tang Tianyu , Shi Xingwang , Ge XuHui , Wu Weiwei , Zhang Zhiya , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe core‐void@shell architecture shows great advantages in enhancing cycling stability and high‐rate performance of Si‐based anodes. However, it is usually synthesized by template methods which are complex and environmentally unfriendly and would lead to low‐efficiency charge and mass exchange because of the single‐point van der Waals contact between the Si core and the shell. Here, a facile and benign one‐step method to synthesize multi‐Si‐void@SiO2 structure, where abundant void spaces exist between multiple Si cores that are multi‐point attached to a SiO2 shell through strong chemical bonding, is reported. The corresponding electrode exhibits highly stable cycling stability and excellent electrochemical performance. After 200 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g−1 and then another 200 cycles at 1.2 A g−1, the electrode outputs a specific capacity of 1440 mAh g−1. Even at 2.0 A g−1, it outputs a specific capacity as high as 1182 mAh g−1. Such an anode can match almost all the cathode materials presently used in lithium‐ion batteries. These results demonstrate the multi‐Si‐void@SiO2 as a promising anode to be used in future commercial lithium‐ion batteries of high energy density and high power density.
Bond performance of GFRP bars embedded in steel‐PVA hybrid fiber concrete subjected to repeated loading
Authors: Xiao Liangli , Dai Siyuan , Jin Qingping , Peng Shuang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe bond performance of glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars embedded in steel fiber–PVA hybrid fiber concrete plays an important role in their integration. In the present work, hybrid fiber concrete in different volume ratios of hybrid fibers with GFRP was investigated. Pullout tests with two amplitude regimes were conducted on hybrid fiber concrete specimens integrated with GFRP bars to investigate its ultimate bond strength, bond–slip curve, energy dissipation characteristics, and bond stiffness. The results indicate that when the total fiber volume ratio was fixed at 0.9%, the bond strength between the GFRP bars and hybrid fiber concrete increased gradually as the steel fiber volume increased, and the energy consumption increased gradually during the pullout. The slip corresponding to the ultimate bond strength under variable‐amplitude repeated loading is in good agreement with the experimental results under monotonic loading. The specimen P1S8 (0.1% PVA, 0.8% steel fiber) hybrid exhibited sufficient energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity under repeated loads, and the bond stiffness is relatively higher and more stable during the loading and unloading stages.
Effect of longitudinal reinforcement on the soundless chemical demolition degree of reinforced concrete columns
Authors: Li Ruisen , Zheng Wenzhong , Tian Weichen , Yan Yu , Li Guangchao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoundless chemical demolition has great potential for application in the field of building demolition in densely built areas. However, the application of this method was limited due to less guidance can be applied to reinforced concrete. Thus, this study investigated the effect of longitudinal reinforcement on the crushing degree of concrete columns. Experimental results showed that the number of steel bars had a greater impact on the development of crack width than diameter. Moreover, the longitudinal reinforcement had a greater impact on the transverse cracks than other types of cracks. This study introduced fractal dimension and characteristic value of specimen to describe the overall crushing degree and reinforcement arrangement of the specimens, respectively. The fractal dimension increased with an increase in the characteristic value. This study explored the influence of longitudinal reinforcement on the crushing degree of concrete columns, which laid the foundation for soundless chemical demolition of buildings in densely built areas.
Students' perceptions of the nature and magnitude of environmental health concerns in Mtwara town, Tanzania
Authors: Bishoge Obadia Kyetuza , Ajayi Dickson Dare , Mfinanga Sayoki Godfrey , Aremu Ademola Kabir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to critically assess secondary school students' perceptions of the nature and magnitude of environmental health problems in Mtwara town, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, while descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean, or standard deviation were applied to describe the basic characteristics of the data. Principal components analysis was used to examine the dominant modes of variation of functional data in environmental health concerns of Mtwara town. The students perceived the following seven environmental health issues that are urgent in Mtwara town: water supply and management, natural disasters, sanitation and hygiene, solid waste, air quality, climate change, and population concern. To ensure that generations live in a healthy and safe environment, one must consider creating environmentally conscious individuals.
Developing occupational and health susceptibility personas for wastewater personnel in the United States in the age of COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Ha Jessica , Kinyua Maureen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCompared with the public, wastewater personnel, are at an increased risk of infection and illness from wastewater pathogens due to work‐related tasks. Unfortunately, current risk assessment approaches do not consider individual personnel factors (e.g., age and health conditions) that may influence their susceptibility to a health effect. The objective of this study is to establish a baseline level of occupational and health factors among the wastewater personnel population, quantify these factors using a susceptibility evaluation scoring system, and examine relevant susceptibility features using the concept of “Personas.” Using survey data from 246 respondents and public health risk data on COVID‐19 from the CDC, personnel clustered into three persona groups: “low susceptibility,” “high occupational susceptibility,” and “high health susceptibility.” Results highlight the intersectionality between gender, age, underlying health conditions, job tasks, and level of exposure to wastewater and provide context for incorporating individual variables into risk assessment methodologies with the goal of protecting this essential workforce.Practitioner Points

A risk assessment framework that combines health and occupational susceptibility factors was developed for wastewater treatment plant personnel.
Wastewater personnel clustered into three persona groups: “low susceptibility,” “high occupational susceptibility,” and “high health susceptibility.”
The intersectionality between job related activities and individual health provides a holistic approach to risk assessment for wastewater personnel.
Application of visible light active photocatalysis for water contaminants: A review
Authors: Sun Yifan , O'Connell David W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOrganic water pollutants are ubiquitous in the natural environment arising from domestic products as well as current and legacy industrial processes. Many of these organic water pollutants are recalcitrant and only partially degraded using conventional water and wastewater treatment processes. In recent decades, visible light active photocatalyst has gained attention as a non‐conventional alternative for the removal of organic pollutants during water treatment, including industrial wastewater and drinking water treatment. This paper reviews the current state of research on the use of visible light active photocatalysts, their modified methods, efficacy, and pilot‐scale applications for the degradation of organic pollutants in water supplies and waste streams. Initially, the general mechanism of the visible light active photocatalyst is evaluated, followed by an overview of the major synthesis techniques. Because few of these photocatalysts are commercialized, particular attention was given to summarizing the different types of visible light active photocatalysts developed to the pilot‐scale stage for practical application and commercialization. The organic pollutant degradation ability of these visible light active photocatalysts was found to be considerable and in many cases comparable with existing and commercially available advanced oxidation processes. Finally, this review concludes with a summary of current achievements and challenges as well as possible directions for further research.Practitioner Points

Visible light active photocatalysis is a promising advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the reduction of organic water pollutants.
Various mechanisms of photocatalysis using visible light active materials are identified and discussed.
Many recent photocatalysts are synthesized from renewable materials that are more sustainable for applications in the 21st century.
Only a small number of pilot‐scale applications exist and these are outlined in this review.