bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
D-dimer and risk for thrombosis in adults with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Anderson Daniela R. , Stock Wendy , Karrison Theodore G. , Leader Avi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are at increased risk of thrombotic and/or bleeding events during early chemotherapy, especially when receiving asparaginase. D-dimer is a marker of fibrinolysis that has been associated with thrombotic risk in solid cancers and acute myeloid leukemia; however, to date, no ALL-based study has assessed D-dimer level and risk for thrombosis. We sought to examine D-dimer as a biomarker for risk of thrombosis or bleeding during ALL treatment in a retrospective cohort study at The University of Chicago. We identified 61 consecutive adult patients with ALL, gathering demographic characteristics, treatment regimens, initial biomarkers including D-dimer, and assessing occurrence of venous or arterial thrombosis and bleeding in the first 100 days after diagnosis (index). The 100-day cumulative incidence (95% confidence interval [CI]) of venous or arterial thrombosis in patients with high D-dimer (≥4 µg/mL) was 52.9% (95% CI, 26.4-73.8) compared with 13.8% (95% CI, 5.5-25.7) in patients with low to moderate D-dimer (&lt;4 µg/mL), corresponding with a hazard ratio of 5.04 (95% CI, 1.79-14.22). When testing for potential confounders in a series of bivariate logistic regression models, the association between D-dimer and thrombosis remained after adjusting for body mass index, age, sex, asparaginase treatment, disseminated intravascular coagulation score, initial platelet level, and ALL phenotype. In conclusion, D-dimer levels at ALL diagnosis are associated with venous or arterial thrombosis at 100 days. Future studies should include D-dimer collated with other known risk factors to build a risk assessment model for thrombosis in patients with newly diagnosed ALL.
CD58 loss in tumor cells confers functional impairment of CAR T cells
Authors: Yan Xin , Chen Deyun , Ma Xinran , Wang Yao , Guo Yelei , Wei Jianshu , Tong Chuan , Zhu Qi , Lu Yuting , Yu Yang , Wu Zhiqiang , Han Weidong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has achieved significant success in treating a variety of hematologic malignancies, but resistance to this treatment in some patients limited its wider application. Using an unbiased genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) screening, we identified and validated loss of CD58 conferred immune evasion from CAR T cells in vitro and in vivo. CD58 is a ligand of the T-cell costimulatory molecule CD2, and CD58 mutation or downregulated expression is common in hematological tumors. We found that disruption of CD58 in tumor cells induced the formation of suboptimal immunological synapse (IS) with CAR T cells, which conferred functional impairment of CAR T cells, including the attenuation of cell expansion, degranulation, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity. In summary, we describe a potential mechanism of tumor-intrinsic resistance to CAR T-cell therapy and suggest that this mechanism may be leveraged for developing therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance to CAR T-cell therapy in B-cell malignancies.
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the male urethra: a case report
Authors: Adebayo Sikiru A. , Chibuzo Ijeoma N. C. , Takure Augustine O. , Ifeh Marcus O. , Adeoye Adewunmi O. , Omenai Sebastian A. , Shittu Olayiwola B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary urethral cancer in males is rare. Clear cell adenocarcinoma is more rare. We report a case in an African male suspected to have a urethral stricture.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man presented in with preceding intermittent haematuria and acute urinary retention. Failed attempts at catheterisation necessitating a suprapubic catheter insertion raised the suspicion of a urethral stricture. Multiple irregular urethral filling defects were seen on a retrograde urethrogram. Urethroscopy revealed obstructing urethral masses. Histology reported clear cell adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion
Primary urethral cancer should be entertained as a differential diagnosis of a urethral stricture in a patient with haematuria, difficult urethral catheterisation and ambiguous urethrogram findings. Cystoscopy and biopsy are essential in the investigative work-up to make the distinction.
The periodicity and initial evolution of micro-mobility systems: a case study of the docked bike-sharing system in New York City, USA
Authors: Zhang Liye , Song Jie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study developed an analytical framework that aims at understanding the evolutionary processes of a micro-mobility system (for example, bike-sharing), which offers insights into the transforming nature of a city transport system.

Methods
Firstly, the framework applied a Gaussian Mixture Model to examine the long-term fluctuations of travel demands. Secondly, it investigated the growth trajectories of service points via exponential and logistic growth models. Cumulative connections with other points represented the growth of a service location. An eigendecomposition approach was used to uncover the hidden structures behind the growth curves.

Results
This framework was applied in the docked bike-sharing program in New York City, USA. The results show that there existed periodic patterns of travel demands in the long term. The majority of stations grew rapidly after they began to operate. However, the temporal signatures of stations’ growth displayed some variations across different locations.

Conclusion
This proposed workflow can be employed in other cities with similar context to better investigate how micro-mobility systems evolve.
The association between serum Sestrin2 and the risk of coronary heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tian Xue , Gao Yu , Zhong Min , Kong Mowei , Zhao Lihua , Feng Zengbin , Sun Qitian , He Jianqiu , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Oxidative stress is one of the important contributors to the pathogenesis of CHD. Sestrin2 is a stress-induced antioxidant protein that plays a important role in T2DM and CHD. However, the relationship between serum Sestrin2 levels and T2DM with CHD remains unclear.AimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum Sestrin2 levels and CHD in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 70 T2DM patients with CHD and 69 T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. Clinical features and metabolic indices were identified. Serum Sestrin2 was measured by ELISA.ResultsSerum Sestrin2 levels in T2DM-CHD groups were significantly lower compared with the T2DM group (11.17 (9.79, 13.14) ng/mL vs 9.46 (8.34, 10.91) ng/mL). Bivariate correlation analysis revealed that serum Sestrin2 levels were negatively correlated with age (r = − 0.256,P = 0.002), BMI (r = − 0.206,P = 0.015), FBG (r = − 0.261,P = 0.002) and Tyg index (r = − 0.207,P < 0.014). Binary logistic regression suggested that low serum Sestrin2 levels were related to the increased risk of T2DM-CHD (P < 0.05). In addition, the receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the area under the curve of Sestrin2 was 0.724 (95% CI 0.641–0.808,P < 0.001) to predict T2DM-CHD patients (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe Sestrin2 levels were highly associated with CHD in diabetes patients. Serum Sestrin2 may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic with CHD.
Healthcare professionals’ experiences and attitudes to care coordination across health sectors: an interview study
Authors: Persson Maiken Hjuler , Søndergaard Jens , Mogensen Christian Backer , Skjøt-Arkil Helene , Andersen Pernille Tanggaard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe number of older people is increasing, resulting in more people endure chronic diseases, multimorbidities and complex care needs. Insufficient care coordination across healthcare sectors has negative consequences for health outcomes, costs and patient evaluation. Despite introducing initiatives to solve coordination challenges within healthcare, the need remains for more consistent solutions. In particular, improved care coordination would benefit older adults characterised by complex care needs, high use of healthcare resources and multiple care providers.Aims and objectivesTo identify and analyse healthcare professionals’ perspectives and approaches to care coordination across sectors when older people are acutely hospitalised.DesignQualitative interview study.MethodsSemi-structured, individual interviews with 13 healthcare professionals across health sectors and professions were conducted. The strategy for the qualitative analysis was inspired by Kirsti Malterud and labelled ‘systematic text condensation’. This strategy is a descriptive and explorative method for thematic cross-case analysis of qualitative data.ResultsFour themes/categories emerged from the analysis; “Organisational factors”, “Approaches to care”, “Communication and knowledge”, and “Relations”.ConclusionDifferent organisational cultures can discourage intersectoral care coordination. Approaches to care vary at all levels across health sectors and professions. Organisational, leadership and professional identity affect the working cultures and must be considered in the future recruitment and socialisation of healthcare staff. Our research suggests that combinations of healthcare standardisations and flexible, adaptive solutions are required to improve intersectoral care coordination.
Predicting the survival of kidney transplantation: design and evaluation of a smartphone-based application
Authors: Shahmoradi Leila , Borhani Alireza , Langarizadeh Mostafa , Pourmand Gholamreza , fard Ziba Aghsaei , Rezayi Sorayya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Prediction of graft survival for Kidney Transplantation (KT) is considered a risky task due to the scarcity of donating organs and the use of health care resources. The present study aimed to design and evaluate a smartphone-based application to predict the survival of KT in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).

Method
Based on the initial review, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed to assess the information needs of the application through urologists and nephrologists. By using information obtained from the questionnaire, a checklist was prepared, and the information of 513 patients with kidney failure was collected from their records at Sina Urological Research Center. Then, three data mining algorithms were applied to them. The smartphone-based application for the prediction of kidney transplant survival was designed, and a standard usability assessment questionnaire was used to evaluate the designed application.

Results
Three information elements related to the required data in different sections of demographic information, sixteen information elements related to patient clinical information, and four critical capabilities were determined for the design of the smartphone-based application. C5.0 algorithm with the highest accuracy (87.21%) was modeled as the application inference engine. The application was developed based on the PhoneGap framework. According to the participants’ scores (urologists and nephrologists) regarding the usability evaluation of the application, it can be concluded that both groups participating in the study could use the program, and they rated the application at a "good" level.

Conclusion
Since the overall performance or usability of the smartphone-based app was evaluated at a reasonable level, it can be used with certainty to predict kidney transplant survival.
Comparing the effect of peritoneal dialysis cycler type on patient-reported satisfaction, support needs and treatments
Authors: El Shamy Osama , Atallah Sara , Sharma Shuchita , Uribarri Jaime 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Most patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) in the United States choose automated PD via cyclers. Cyclers have evolved considerably over time with older versions (e.g. HomeChoice Pro) replaced by more sophisticated and technologically advanced versions (e.g. Amia). Understanding the effect that different cyclers and their features have on patient treatments and support needs is important.

Methods
Single center study with retrospective and prospective arms. Retrospective arm: Patients > 18 years old, on Amia or HomeChoice Pro (HC) for ≥ 3 months between 8/1/17 and 1/31/18. Number of office/telephone encounters, PD-related emergency room visits/hospitalizations, PD training days, and dialysis adequacy (Kt/V) were recorded.
Prospective arm: Patients > 18 years old, on Amia or HC for ≥ 3 months between 9/1/19 and 2/29/20 were surveyed on their comfort, troubleshooting, satisfaction and reported assistance needed with their cyclers.

Results
Retrospective arm: 43 patients on AMIA and 27 patients on HC. Number of PD training days, Kt/Vs achieved, PD-related telephone/office encounters, and PD-related emergency room visits/hospitalizations were all similar.
Prospective Arm: 32 patients on AMIA and 6 patients on HC. Higher rate of patient comfort with AMIA, but similar overall patient satisfaction with both cyclers. No difference in terms of patient-reported troubleshooting issues requiring assistance.

Conclusions
Despite the difference in features provided between the 2 cyclers, patient overall satisfaction rates were high irrespective of the PD cycler. The HomeChoice Pro and AMIA cycler patients had a similar number of PD training days, PD-related telephone/office encounters, and PD-related emergency room visits/hospitalizations.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Institutional Review Board (IRB-17–02704).
Preoperative PDW levels predict pulmonary metastasis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Wen-juan , Wang Guang-yu , Liu Zeng-yao , Zhang Meng-lin , Wang Wen , Zhang Xin , Wang Rui-tao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pulmonary metastasis (PM) after hepatectomy is associated with poor clinical outcomes. The crucial phases of tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis all entail platelet activation. In HCC, platelet distribution width (PDW) suggests platelet size changes and predicts a worse prognosis. The aim of this study was to assess the association between PDW and PMs in HCC patients receiving hepatectomy.

Material/methods
From January 2013 to December 2015, a cohort of patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC at the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital in China were retrospectively evaluated. The relationship between PDW levels and clinical and demographic parameters was examined. To investigate the relationships between predicted factors and PM, a competing risk model was used. From January 2016 to December 2018, a validation cohort of 109 patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University was studied independently.

Results
In the primary cohort, 19 out of 214 patients had postoperative PMs. In HCC patients with PM, PDW levels were lower than in those without PM. There was a significant difference in the cumulative incidence of 2-year PM between the high-PDW and low-PDW groups after controlling for competing risk events (death prior to the development of PM) (p < 0.001). In addition, PDW was also found to be an independent predictor for PM in a multivariable competing risk analysis. The results were externally validated in another cohort.

Conclusions
In HCC, preoperative PDW is significantly associated with PM. PDW could be a biomarker for post-operative PM in HCC patients.
Case series: pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy transformed to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy after long-term follow-up
Authors: Tang Jiyang , Han Xinyao , Tang Ran , Li Mengyang , Wang Zongyi , Zhao Mingwei , Qu Jinfeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE), a retinal disorder that falls into the pachychoroid spectrum, is characterized by retinal pigment epithelium changes in pachychoroid eyes without existing or previous subretinal fluid or soft drusen. Previous reports have indicated that PPE may share some pathophysiologic component with other pachychoroid spectrum diseases and could transform into central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) during follow-up. CSC transformation to PNV and PCV has also been reported, but PPE transformation to PCV has not been reported.

Case presentation
Seven eyes of seven patients (four male three female, aged 62.7 ± 8.4 years) who presented with PPE at baseline transformed to PCV during follow-up. All study eyes had baseline contralateral eye diagnoses of PCV. All PPE eyes reported no symptoms at baseline and were followed up regularly for the treatment of their contralateral eyes. All PPE presented as pigment epithelium detachment (PED) at baseline. The mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 217.6 ± 14.6 µm, the mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was 354.9 ± 94.9 µm, and the mean sub-PPE choroidal thickness was 332.3 ± 84.6 µm. The mean PPE width and height were 1326.4 ± 791.4 µm and 58.7 ± 23.6 µm, respectively, at baseline. Disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) was noted in 3 eyes, while choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) was noted in 5 eyes at baseline. The follow-up period was 75.0 ± 41.1 months, and the mean transformation time was 49.6 ± 24.8 months. All study eyes received no intervention before transformation.

Conclusions
PPE could transform to PCV after a long follow-up period. Regular follow-ups for a long time should be recommended for patients with PPE.
Posterior scleral reinforcement for the treatment of myopic traction maculopathy
Authors: He Qing , Wang Xiu , Shi Qianhui , Xie Caiyuan , Xue Anquan , Wei Ruihua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the clinical effectiveness of posterior scleral reinforcement(PSR) for the treatment of myopic traction maculopathy (MTM).

Methods
This was a prospective study of 32 eyes from 20 patients with MTM treated with PSR using genipin-cross-linked donor sclera. The length of the scleral strip used for the surgery was designed to be 1.5-times the axial length of the eye, whereas its width was 0.4-times the axial length of the eye. The optical coherence tomography images, spherical equivalent of refractive error, axial length, best corrected visual acuity, electroretinogram findings, and intraocular pressure of the patients were assessed postoperatively.

Results
The mean duration of follow-up was 17.80 ± 8.74 months. The differences between the spherical equivalent of refractive error, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, and electroretinogram findings recorded preoperatively and those measured postoperatively were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The final reduction in axial length was 1.64 ± 0.85 mm. At the end of the follow-up, optical coherence tomography showed essential foveal reattachment in 30 eyes (93.75%), partial reattachment in two eyes (6.25%), and closure of macular holes in seven eyes (77.78%). No retinal detachment, vitreous haemorrhage, or other serious complications occurred following the surgery.

Conclusions
Posterior scleral reinforcement with genipin-cross-linked sclera showed safe and effective outcomes for the treatment of MTM during a follow-up period of at least one year.

Trial registration
11\12\2018, ChiCTR1800020012.
Do interventions principally targeting excessive alcohol use in young people improve depression symptoms?: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fredman Stein Kim , Allen Jennifer L. , Robinson Ross , Smith Cassandra , Sawyer Katherine , Taylor Gemma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Excessive alcohol use is common in young people and is associated with a range of adverse consequences including an increased risk of depression. Alcohol interventions are known to be effective in young people, however it is not known if these interventions can also improve depression.

Objective
To investigate whether psychosocial interventions principally targeting excessive alcohol use in young people reduce depression symptoms compared to controls.

Design
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention trials, that measured depression symptoms at follow-up. We used a generic inverse variance random effect meta-analysis to pool the standardised mean difference in change in depression symptoms from baseline to follow-up between intervention and control arms. We used I2 to measure heterogeneity, the Cochrane tool for randomised trials to assess risk of bias, and Egger’s tests to assess small study bias.

Data sources
APA PsycNET, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Embase (including MEDLINE), and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for relevant studies published from inception to December 2020. Reference lists of studies were also searched, and authors contacted where articles presented insufficient data.

Study eligibility criteria
Intervention studies that primarily targeted existing excessive alcohol use in young people (aged 10 to 24) and assessed depression outcomes at baseline with a minimum of four-week follow-up.

Results
Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Interventions targeting excessive alcohol use were associated with a reduction in depression symptoms from baseline to follow-up when compared to control, standardised mean difference = − 0.26, and 95% confidence interval [− 0.41, − 0.12], p < .001.

Conclusions
This study found evidence that interventions primarily targeting excessive alcohol use can reduce depression symptoms in young people. However, this finding should be taken with caution given concerns about risk of bias in all studies. More research is needed to examine whether these findings generalise beyond populations of undergraduate students primarily living in high income countries.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020177260.
Policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Manitoba grocery sector: a qualitative analysis of media, organizational communications, and key informant interviews
Authors: Riediger Natalie D. , Slater Joyce J. , Mann Kelsey , Pilli Bhanu , Derksen Hannah , Perchotte Chantal , Penner Avery L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all aspects of the food system, including the retail grocery sector. We sought to (objective 1) document and (objective 2) analyze the policies implemented in the grocery sector during the first wave of the pandemic in Manitoba, Canada.MethodsOur qualitative policy analysis draws from organizational communications (websites and social media) (n = 79), news media articles (n = 95), and key informant interviews with individuals (n = 8) working within the grocery sector in urban and rural, Manitoba. Media and communications were extracted between March 9-May 8, 2020 and interviews were conducted in July–August, 2020.ResultsNewly implemented policies due to the pandemic fell under four inter-related themes:Employee health and wellbeing,Safety measures,Operational measures, andCommunity support. Employee health and wellbeing included sub-themes of financial and social support, health recommendations and protocols, and new employee guidelines. Safety measures encompassed numerous policies pertaining to sanitation, personal protection, transmission prevention, physical distancing, and limiting access. Overall, new policies were discussed as effective in making grocery shopping as safe as possible given the situation.Compliance and enforcement,employee teamwork, andsupport for employeeswere key themes related to perceptions of policy success in a challenging and inequitable context. Nevertheless,government support and communicationwas needed as well to ensure safety within the grocery sector.ConclusionsThe grocery sector reacted to the pandemic with the swift implementation of policies to address food supply issues, prevent transmission of the virus, support their employees as essential workers, and better serve high-risk populations.