bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a sensitive and selective bioanalytical method of chebulinic acid by liquid chromatography‐electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and its pharmacokinetic application
Authors: Verma Sarvesh Kumar , Biswas Arpon , Saxena Shivani , Kumar Mukesh , Mishra Anjali , Choudhury Abhijit Deb , Mishra Tripti , Rais Nisha , Narender Tadigoppula , Bhatta Rabi Sankar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChebulinic acid (CA), a polyphenolic compound extracted from the fruits of Terminalia chebula, has been recently reported as a novel neuraminidase inhibitor against the influenza A virus and also for various biological activities that require pharmacokinetic estimation. We report a proposed fragmentation pathway for the formation and selection of sodium and ammonium adducts using molecular thermodynamics. The chebulinic acid ammonium adduct was reproducible and stable compared to the earlier reported sodium adduct to quantify chebulinic acid by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Chebulinic acid was extracted from plasma by protein precipitation followed by single‐step liquid‐liquid extraction by removing interfering metal adducts such as sodium. chebulinic acid resolution was achieved from the C18 column with mobile phase acetonitrile: methanol mixture and ammonium acetate buffer at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The linear calibration curve (r2 ≥ 0.995) range was 3.52–1800 ng/ml. Finally, we report the oral pharmacokinetic profile of chebulinic acid in male Swiss albino mice plasma using the developed method.
Time‐dependent elongation and cracking behavior of fiber reinforced concrete tension chords
Authors: Watts Murray J. , Amin Ali , Gilbert Raymond Ian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe long‐term (LT) tension stiffening effect in fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) tension chords is investigated in this paper. Six tension tie specimens with varying fiber types (either no fibers, polypropylene, or steel fibers) and reinforcement ratios were subjected to a sustained tensile in‐service load for 560 days. The LT specimens were fitted with gauges to monitor their elongation over the test period. In addition, 12 specimens were subjected to instantaneous loading to capture the entire load‐deformation response of the tension ties, up to and beyond the yielding of the reinforcement. A complete suite of material characterization tests were conducted in conjunction with the tension tie testing. The results from this investigation indicate that the inclusion of the fiber types and dosages adopted in this program improve the short‐term performance with respect to stiffness, tension stiffening, and cracking. Steel fibers improved the LT behavior, while the polypropylene fibers used in this study led to mixed results. Models previously developed by the authors have been shown to describe the behavior with good accuracy.
Microfluidic single‐cell multiomics analysis
Authors: Xu Xing , Zhang Qiannan , Li Mingyin , Lin Shiyan , Liang Shanshan , Cai Linfeng , Zhu Huanghuang , Su Rui , Yang Chaoyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCellular heterogeneity is essential to biological processes, such as embryonic development, cell differentiation, and the progression of disease. Recent years have seen the development of a variety of single‐cell multiomics technologies that systemically codetect the genome, epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome for single‐cell heterogeneity evaluation comprehensively. Microfluidics has emerged as a significant tool for single‐cell multiomics techniques, enabling the analysis of the complex regulatory network associated with genome coding, epigenome regulation, and transcriptome/proteome expression in a single cell with increased detection sensitivity, accuracy, throughput, and integration. A review of state‐of‐the‐art microfluidic single‐cell multiomics analysis is presented here. Various microfluidics for isolating single cells are introduced first, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages, and applications in single‐cell sequencing. Then, a comprehensive overview of microfluidic single‐cell multiomics techniques is provided. In addition, a brief introduction of single‐cell multiomics analysis in biological applications and clinical settings will be presented. Finally, we will conclude by discussing the future challenges and prospects of this field.
TBX2 affects proliferation, apoptosis and cholesterol generation by regulating mitochondrial function and autophagy in bovine cumulus cell
Authors: Li Sheng‐Peng , Jiang Hao , Liu Zi‐Bin , Yu Wen‐Jie , Cai Xiao‐Shi , Liu Chang , Xie Wen‐Yin , Quan Fu‐shi , Gao Wei , Kim Nam‐Hyung , Yuan Bao , Chen Cheng‐Zhen , Zhang Jia‐Bao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundT‐box transcription factor 2 (TBX2) is a member of T‐box gene family whose members are highly conserved in evolution and encoding genes and are involved in the regulation of developmental processes. The encoding genes play an important role in growth and development. Although TBX2 has been widely studied in cancer cell growth and development, its biological functions in bovine cumulus cells remain unclear.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of TBX2 in bovine cumulus cells.MethodsTBX2 gene was knockdown with siRNA to clarify the function in cellular physiological processes. Cell proliferation and cycle changes were determined by xCELLigence cell function analyzer and flow cytometry. Mitochondrial membrane potential and autophagy were detected by fluorescent dye staining and immunofluorescence techniques. Western blot and quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were used to detect the expression changes of proliferation and autophagy‐related proteins. Aadenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, glucose metabolism, and cholesterol synthesis of cumulus cells were measured by optical density and chemiluminescence analysis.ResultsAfter inhibition of TBX2, the cell cycle was disrupted. The levels of apoptosis, ratio of light chain 3 beta II/I, and reactive oxygen species were increased. The proliferation, expansion ability, ATP production, and the amount of cholesterol secreted by cumulus cells were significantly decreased.ConclusionsTBX2 plays important roles in regulating the cells’ proliferation, expansion, apoptosis, and autophagy; maintaining the mitochondrial function and cholesterol generation of bovine cumulus cells.
Sustainable Safety: A Short History of a Safe System Approach in the Netherlands
Authors: Wegman Fred , Aarts Letty , van der Knaap Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough it has never been a real top priority, road safety is an important issue in the Netherlands and much progress has been made. In the last 50 years, the country experienced an enormous growth in population (+30%) and in kilometers travelled (+300%), but the mortality rate dropped by 80%. Many effective interventions were taken. Over time, new insights in traffic risks and causes of crashes led to the adoption of a new road safety vision in the early 1990s: Sustainable Safety, the first attempt worldwide of a Safe System approach (1992). This vision was inspired by the UN-Brundtland report Our Common Future (1987) and applied to road safety. Its basis originated in the knowledge and experiences in the decades before.In a sustainably safe road transport system, risks of crashes and serious injuries are drastically reduced or even eliminated by an infrastructure that is adapted to the limitations of human capacity by proper road design, by vehicles fitted with ways to simplify the tasks of man and constructed to protect the vulnerable human being as effectively as possible, and by road users who are adequately educated, informed, and, where necessary, controlled. If crashes still do occur, serious injuries must be excluded. The vision Sustainable Safety has been translated into a set of characteristics and into Sustainable Safety principles.Sustainable Safety was welcomed by Dutch road safety professionals and received great political support. A massive implementation program was initiated and carried out as from 1995. Many stakeholders were engaged. An evaluation study covering the period 1998–2007 revealed a 30% reduction in the number of fatalities. Benefits of the investments were four times higher than costs. Sustainable Safety empowered and strengthened the Dutch road safety research community and heavily influenced the discourse on road safety in the country.As from 2000, several developments (a different planning structure of road transport, less political priority for road safety – perhaps as a result of successes in the past – and decentralization of policies) caused that Sustainable Safety became less prominent and safety effects less visible. However, the vison and the principles remain a solid basis for making progress towards a casualty-free road transport system and to respond to new developments, such as a changing demography, changing transport modes and traffic patterns, and new technologies. Two more editions have been published (2005 and 2018). Results and impacts are being discussed.
Towards a Potential Paradigm Shift: The Role of Vision Zero in Global Road Safety Policy Making
Authors: Kristianssen Ann-Catrin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVision Zero is a term mainly connected to road traffic safety and has its roots in the Swedish road safety policy, although similar concepts are used in other countries. It was adopted by the Swedish Parliament in 1997, and due to the success of lowering the number of deaths in traffic crashes significantly, it has become an inspiration to road safety strategies in countries and cities all over the world. An important factor as to why Vision Zero diffuses is the incorporation of the vision in reports and strategies from international intergovernmental organizations and through the work of nongovernmental organizations. The development of finding a common global strategy for road safety has been an ongoing process for many years, and the purpose of this chapter is to map the role of Vision Zero in this global development process. This is performed by studying the integration of Vision Zero in the road safety work and strategies of key international intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations. The chapter also contains an account of possible opportunities and advantages of working with Vision Zero as a tool on the global level as well as the criticism towards the approach. This chapter discusses the content of what is being diffused, why it is diffused, who is diffusing, and how it is diffusing. The material consists of key global policy documents and 29 semi-structured interviews with senior experts working with road safety on a global level. The main conclusions are that Vision Zero is a well-established global road safety policy program and a road safety philosophy integrated into both the work and texts of the major intergovernmental organizations working with road safety. There is a widespread opinion that Vision Zero and other safe system approaches constitute a paradigm shift in global road safety work. It is regarded as an innovative and inspiring policy based primarily on its ethical approach. It is also regarded as a coherent policy program and rests firmly upon years of progress and experience. Even though many of the respondents are positive towards the ethical base and the systematic approach, there are still those who argue that Vision Zero cannot be used as a policy tool, at least not in low- and middle-income countries. It is obvious that Vision Zero is not interpreted and reproduced in the same way in all contexts, but the question is if that is part of a natural transformation process leading to new interpretations or if it is a problem for the Vision Zero trademark.
Automated Vehicles: How Do They Relate to Vision Zero
Authors: Lie Anders , Tingvall Claes , Håkansson Maria , Boström Ola 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ideas to develop and introduce partially or fully automated vehicles are not recent but are not used on any larger scale at this moment. It is though likely that automating different functions, or moving vehicles driverless, will be common sooner or later. In this text, it is discussed how Vision Zero principles relate to the automation of the road transport system. Key findings are that automated vehicles will have to be better than human drivers and their safety system horizon will be key to limiting their functionality. The road transport system will have to be adapted to both failing humans and failing automated vehicles.
Suicide in the Transport System
Authors: Andersson Anna-Lena , Svensson Kenneth 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Swedish Transport Administration (STA) work to reduce the number of suicides in the transport system. Fatalities, i.e., on roads, railways, and bridges, originate from either accidents or suicides, natural death excluded. Knowing the correct manner of death is needed to work with optimal prevention strategies. The aims are to separate fatalities due to suicides, follow the development, and implement measures for suicide prevention. Methods are developed for suicide classification and criteria for the selection in which suicides were suspected. Fatalities in level one and two of five were classified as suicides. Data from the STA’s databases are used and so are data from the psychosocial investigations done by a trained investigator in the topic and with clinical experience from counselling at hospitals. 2129 persons died on the roads in Sweden, 10% (206 persons) were classified as suicides. 336 persons died after being hit by trains, 85% (284 persons) were suicides. 130 persons died by jumping from bridges.The number of suicides increases with population density. Suicide in the transport system is a major problem; firstly personal tragedies, it is also a work environment problem for truck and train drivers and for the emergency staff. It generates delays and costs for passenger and cargo transport. By analyzing the results of countermeasures in the form of obstructive barriers, the physical environment can be improved and high-risk areas can be accentuated. Restricting access to the means of suicide is important in suicide prevention. Strategies for the STA include suicide prevention in the design of new roads, railways, and bridges, as well as by identifying and reducing existing high-risk locations. Sharing the results with other authorities and organizations and cooperation within suicide prevention missions are vital for the enhancement of the overall suicide prevention work in society.
Vision Zero in Suicide Prevention and Suicide Preventive Methods
Authors: Wasserman Danuta , Tadić I. , Bec C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide is a global public health issue, and countries need to be working toward a comprehensive and holistic response to prevent suicide and suicidal behaviors. Vision Zero for suicide is an aspiring goal that aims to lower suicide occurrence through a combined action of public health and healthcare sectors. Vision Zero for suicide has a multilevel and multidisciplinary approach that intends to provide a systemic change in society to facilitate and put suicide prevention on the agenda. This chapter explores the origins of Vision Zero for suicide by first presenting theoretical models that influenced suicidal behavior preventive programs. Then, Vision Zero for suicide goals, advantages, challenges, and examples of implementation in some countries will be presented. Further, evidence-based suicide prevention programs in existing public health and healthcare settings will be described as they support the Vision Zero aims. Vision Zero is an ambitious goal, but one that is worth aspiring to achieve, as the potential outcomes for suicide prevention implementation and research are very worthwhile.
Vision Zero in Disease Eradication
Authors: Rosenberg Mark , Laney Emaline , Tingvall Claes 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe eradication of smallpox – the first and so far only human disease to be eradicated – generated a tremendous amount of excitement and attention to the idea of disease eradication and elimination. In the twentieth century alone, smallpox had claimed the lives of more than 300,000,000 people (Sneed A, Scientific American, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/who-remember-smallpox/, 2014). The last natural case occurred in 1977, almost 200 years after the smallpox vaccine was discovered, and in 1979 the World Health Organization declared that the disease had been eradicated (WHO, Smallpox, World Health Organization. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/csr/disease/smallpox/en/, 2019c). Most importantly, it demonstrated that eradication was possible; that through the use of science, we could change our future for the better in ways that we had not even dared to think about previously. This achievement also helped to focus attention on clear definitions of disease eradication and elimination. Since then, these definitions have been continuously evolving. In 1993, the International Task Force for Disease Eradication (ITFDE I) defined disease control, elimination, and eradication. With that, they evaluated over 90 potential infectious disease candidates and concluded that six were eradicable. Subsequently in 1997, the Dahlem Workshop focused on the science of eradication and defined a range of public health approaches to infectious diseases from control, to elimination of disease, elimination of infections, eradication, and extinction. Three years later, the second International Task Force for Disease Eradication (ITFDE II) convened in 2000 to review the progress over the past decade.Inspired by these efforts, we reviewed our own experience and interviewed leaders of several disease eradication and elimination campaigns to identify lessons learned from a variety of disease elimination campaigns including smallpox, polio, Guinea worm, and onchocerciasis. Our aim was to identify lessons that might be applied to road traffic injuries. We identified 12 lessons from these infectious disease campaigns: (1) this is a cause and effect world; (2) know the truth; (3) coalitions are absolutely essential and absolutely hard; (4) avoid certainty (the Achilles heel of science); (5) measure frequently and build in continuous improvement; (6) respect the culture and work with the people you are trying to help; (7) the best decisions are based on the best science, but the best results, on the best management; (8) the best solutions move us closer to global health equity; (9) do not underestimate the time, resources, or tenacity it will take succeed; (10) eradication does not always require a vaccine or a cure; (11) start in the most difficult places first; and (12) you don’t begin at the end. These concepts from infectious disease campaigns have broader public health applications, and we discuss some of the implications for reducing road traffic injuries.
Basic Digital Image Acquisition, Design, Processing, Analysis, Management, and Presentation
Authors: D’Antuono Rocco 
Published: November 2022

What You Will Learn in This ChapterUnderstand what is a single image or what a more complex multidimensional dataset represents; identify the technique used for the acquisition and read the metadata; consider the limits deriving from the imaging technique; be able to visualize and render the dataset using different software tools; apply basic image analysis workflows to get data out of images.Present images and data analysis results in an unbiased way.
Effect of sodium addition on structural and magnetic properties of solid state processed SrFe12−xAlxO19 (x ≤ 4)
Authors: Choi Jae-Young , Baek Youn-Kyung , Lee Jung-Goo , Kim Young-Kuk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAluminum-substituted M-type strontium hexaferrite (SrM-Al, SrFe12−xAlxO19, 0 ≤ x ≤ 4) with uniform microstructure and excellent magnetic properties was synthesized by conventional ceramic processing based on solid state reaction. Coercive field was highly enhanced by heavy doping with Al3+ although magnetization was significantly reduced. However, formation of coarse microstructure and poor development of Hc with low level doping of Al3+ disturbed practical application. To promote phase formation and to suppress growth of coarse grains which were induced by incorporation of Al3+ ions, SrM-Al ceramics was processed with NaOH. Such Na-assisted processing of SrM-Al reduced formation of non-magnetic phases and assisted development of uniform fine grains. In addition, the large residual strain by Al3+ doping was partially relieved by the same approach. As a result, saturation magnetization of SrFe12−xAlxO19 was remarkably enhanced and the BHmax of randomly oriented hard magnetic ceramics was improved to 1.23MGOe by concomitant addition of Na and Al ions.
Comparison of clinical outcomes of VISIONAIRE patient-specific instrumentation with conventional instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tibesku Carsten O. , Haas Steven B. , Saunders Christopher , Harwood David A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Malalignment and resulting complications are major challenges in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) which patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) is proposed to alleviate. Previous PSI meta-analyses of TKA outcomes typically do not differentiate between PSI systems and assess relatively few outcomes, so the value of their findings is limited. VISIONAIRE™ cutting guides (Smith + Nephew Inc., Memphis, TN, USA) is a PSI system based on preoperative magnetic resonance and X-ray imaging. A systematic literature review (SLR) and meta-analysis, focussed specifically on VISIONAIRE, were conducted to assess TKA accuracy, intraoperative outcomes, and postoperative outcomes, compared with conventional instrumentation (CI).

Materials and methods
The SLR was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies published until March 2022. Depending on statistical heterogeneity, meta-analyses were performed for outcome measures with fixed effect (I2 < 50%) or random-effects models (I2 ≥ 50%). Dichotomous outcomes were reported as odds ratios and continuous outcomes were reported as mean differences. Descriptive analyses were performed for outcomes not amenable to meta-analysis.

Results
Outcomes for VISIONAIRE versus CI were reported in 25 studies. Compared with CI, VISIONAIRE reduced odds of mechanical outliers by 40% (p < 0.0001), with no statistically significant differences in odds of overall coronal, sagittal, or rotational plane component outliers. VISIONAIRE improved surgical efficiency (operating room, turnover, and tourniquet times reduced by 7.3% (p = 0.02), 42% (p = 0.022), and 15.9% (p = 0.01), respectively), lowering the odds of blood transfusion by 53% (p = 0.01) and shortening patients’ hospital stays (11.1% reduction; p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences between groups in incidence of postoperative complications and (descriptively analyzed) return-to-function outcomes.

Conclusion
Options for PSI in TKA differ substantially, and it is important to assess the outcomes of individual systems. The current findings suggest that VISIONAIRE guides can lead to improved alignment accuracy and surgical efficiency compared with CI, without compromising postoperative safety and return-to-function outcomes.