bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High‐Performance In‐Memory Photodetector Realized by Charge Storage in a van der Waals MISFET
Authors: Li Songyu , Zhang Zeyu , Chen Xiaoqing , Deng Wenjie , Lu Yue , Sui Manling , Gong Fan , Xu Guoliang , Li Xuhong , Liu Famin , You Congya , Chu Feihong , Wu Yi , Yan Hui , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe emerging data‐intensive applications in optoelectronics are driving innovation toward the fused integration of sensing, memory, and computing to break through the restrictions of the von Neumann architecture. However, the present photodetectors with only optoelectronic conversion functions cannot satisfy the growing demands of the multifunctions required in single devices. Here, a novel route for the integration of non‐volatile memory into a photodetector is proposed, with a WSe2/h‐BN van der Waals heterostructure on a Si/SiO2 substrate to realize in‐memory photodetection. This photodetector exhibits an ultrahigh readout photocurrent of 3.4 µA and photoresponsivity of 337.8 A W−1 in the solar‐blind wavelength region, together with an extended retention time of more than 10 years. Furthermore, the charge‐storage‐based non‐volatile mechanism of h‐BN/SiO2 is successfully proven through a novel analysis of in situ optoelectronic electron energy‐loss spectroscopy. These results represent a leap forward to future applications and insightful mechanisms of in‐memory photodetection.
Visible‐Blind ZnMgO Colloidal Quantum Dot Downconverters Expand Silicon CMOS Sensors Spectral Coverage into Ultraviolet and Enable UV‐Band Discrimination
Authors: Saha Avijit , Kumar Gaurav , Pradhan Santanu , Dash Gauttam , Viswanatha Ranjani , Konstantatos Gerasimos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSelective spectral detection of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is highly important across numerous fields from health and safety to industrial and environmental monitoring applications. Herein, a nontoxic, visible‐blind, quantum dot (QD)‐based sensing scheme that expands the spectral coverage of silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) sensors into the UV, enabling efficient UV detection without affecting the sensor performance in the visible and UV‐band discrimination, is reported. This scheme uses zinc magnesium oxide (ZnMgO) QDs with compositionally tunable absorption across UV and high photoluminescence quantum yield in the visible. The efficient luminescence and large Stokes shift of these QDs are exploited herein to act as an efficient downconverting material that enhances the UV sensitivity of Si‐photodetectors (Si‐PDs). A Si‐PD integrated with the QDs results in a ninefold improvement in photoresponsivity from 0.83 to 7.5 mA W−1 at 260 nm. Leveraging the tunability of these QDs, a simple UV‐band identification scheme is further reported, which uses two distinct‐bandgap ZnMgO QDs stacked in a tandem architecture whose spectral emission color depends on the UV‐band excitation light. The downconverting stack enables facile discrimination of UV light using a standard CMOS image sensor (camera) or by the naked eye and avoids the use of complex optics.
Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition of Azepino[4,5‐b]indoles Towards Hydrocarbazole Derivatives and Related Heterocycles
Authors: Xie Fukai , Li Xiang , Xu Liangyu , Ma Jun , Sun Lei , Zhang Bo , Lin Bin , Cheng Maosheng , Liu Yongxiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn approach to hydrocarbazoles bearing an all‐carbon quaternary center at C4a position was developed via a Brønsted acid‐initiated Diels‐Alder cycloaddition/retro‐aza‐Michael addition cascade process from azepino[4,5‐b]indoles and commercially available dienophiles. The method provided a range of hydrocarbazoles in 63–99% yields. The practicality of this transformation was demonstrated by a scale‐up experiment and various transformations to several hydrocarbazole derivatives and the tetracyclic indoline scaffold. Moreover, hetero‐Diels‐Alder cycloadditions of azepino[4,5‐b]indoles were explored with 4‐phenyl‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3,5(4H)‐dione (PTAD) and 82–99% yields were obtained.magnified image
Prey Impact Localization Enabled by Material and Structural Interaction in Spider Orb Webs
Authors: Dal Poggetto Vinícius F. , Bosia Federico , Greco Gabriele , Pugno Nicola M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpider webs are mechanical systems able to deliver an outstanding compromise between distinct requirements such as absorbing impacts and transmitting information about vibration sources. Both the frequency information and amplitude of input signals can be used by the spider to identify stimuli, aided by the mechanical filtering properties of orb webs. In this work, a numerical model based on nonlinear stress–strain constitutive relations for spider silk is introduced to investigate how the spider orb web allows spiders to detect and localize prey impacts. The obtained results indicate how the orb web center relative transverse displacements, produced by local resonance mechanisms, are used for precise localization, while nonlinear stress stiffening effects improve prey sensing. Finally, it is also shown that, although beneficial, a large number of radial threads may not be necessary for prey localization.
Quantum Analog Annealing of Gain‐Dissipative Ising Machine Driven by Colored Gaussian Noise
Authors: Liao Zhiqiang , Ma Kaijie , Sarker Md Shamim , Tang Siyi , Yamahara Hiroyasu , Seki Munetoshi , Tabata Hitoshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGain‐dissipative Ising machines (GIMs) are a type of quantum analog equipment that can rapidly determine the optimal solution for combinatorial optimization problems. When the noise intensity is significantly lower than the fixed point of the system, the performance of a GIM is not influenced by the fluctuation of the noise intensity. However, the noise in this study is limited to Gaussian white noise. The influence of prevalent colored noise on GIMs has not been researched. In this study, the influence of common‐colored noise on the performance of GIMs is numerically investigated. The results of a domain clustering dynamics analysis reveal that red noise can better suppress the generation of the noise‐induced irregular temporary domain. Furthermore, several prevalent MAXCUT problem topologies, including the Moebius ladder, random Moebius ladder, and 2D random lattice, are adopted as test benchmarks. The results reveal that GIMs influenced by white, blue, and violet noise perform better at low‐intensity noise condition. In contrast, pink and red noise‐injected GIMs demonstrate higher performances when applied to MAXCUT topologies with both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic connections under larger noise intensity conditions. This indicates that the noise dispersion can be used as an additional hyperparameter to optimize the performance of GIMs.
Ultra‐deep desulfurization of mercaptan by cyclic selective adsorption‐reactive regeneration at room temperature
Authors: Yang Cuiting , Miao Guang , Sarbacker Eric , He Haoran , Dong Lei , Wu Bowen , Li Guoqing , Janik Michael J. , Xiao Jing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA cyclic process of selective adsorption‐reactive regeneration over bifunctional Z‐sorb was proposed for desulfurization of heavy mercaptan from gasoline under ambient conditions. A pronounced adsorption capacity (25.7 mg‐S/g‐adsorbent) and selectivity (206.1, ~10 times over 1‐hexene) of heptanethiol over bifunctional Z‐sorb were achieved, which can be attributed to the strong adsorbate–adsorbent interaction calculated as high as −44.6 kJ/mol. Catalytic reactive regeneration was proposed to remove stubbornly adsorbed heptanethiol, which achieved complete recovery of Z‐sorb in multiple cycles under room temperature. With the aid of minor H2O2, the strongly adsorbed heptanethiol in the form of metal‐thiolate (Zn‐SR) transformed to readily desorbed disulfide, which was elucidated via the combined experiment and density functional theory calculations. The developed process provides insights to resolve the trade‐off between adsorption selectivity and regenerability, paving the way for energy‐efficient industrial adsorptive de‐mercaptan of gasoline.
Design and optimization of JO‐IEX process for highly efficient quaternary separation of 5′‐ribonucleotides
Authors: Dai Kun , Jiao Pengfei , Peng Xiaoqiang , Kou Jingwei , Yang Pengpeng , Zhuang Wei , Ying Hanjie , Wu Jinglan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe developed JO‐IEX technology was applied to continuously separate four 5′‐ribonucleotides here. The unit contained seven columns with three separation steps, among which three columns were for the quaternary separation and the others for regeneration of resins. The operating conditions, that is, the critical flow rates in three separation steps were preliminarily designed according to the equilibrium theory and optimized by a three‐dimensional theoretical separation region approach. The feasibility of the JO‐IEX process and the separation performances were validated by four runs using the actual 5′‐ribonucleotides' enzymatic hydrolysate as feed solutions. The purities and yields of 5′‐ribonucleotides could reach above 97%. The productivity was enhanced to be 0.91 g/(kg h), and the desorbent consumption was reduced to be 1.01 L/g, compared to those of 0.70 g/(kg h) and 1.75 L/g in the fixed‐bed process. The technology proposed could be a potential technique in the continuous multicomponent ion‐exchange separation process.
Indigenous community psychologies, decolonization, and radical imagination within ecologies of knowledges
Authors: Ciofalo Nuria , Dudgeon Patricia , Nikora Linda W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs the American Psychological Association Taskforce on Indigenous Psychology acknowledges, fidelity to the inalienable right to self‐determination is the ethical foundation of Indigenous psychology. The task of decolonizing psychology is not only about divesting from Eurocentric paradigms that have controlled and limited Indigenous wellbeing, but producing new paradigms founded on Indigenous knowledges. The Indigenous paradigm of social and emotional wellbeing is both a new therapeutic practice and theory of wellbeing. As the exploration of the domains of SEWB has shown, findings from the National Empowerment Project indicate that strengthening a connection to culture is identified as of highest importance to the flourishing of Indigenous individuals, families, and communities. Wellbeing in Abya Yala (the Americas) is conceived as Sumak Kawsay or Buen Vivir and Māori constructs of wellbeing as Hauora. These transnational wellbeing conceptualizations can be situated within a larger global health movement, which is centered on strengthening Indigenous cultures of wellbeing, and sustainable planet–people relationships. Indigenous community psychologies are not anthropocentric and are centered on the sacredness of nature, the cultivation of spirituality, and accountability to maintain harmonious ecosystem relationships. Indigenous community psychologies from Australia, Aotearoa New Zealand, and Mexico are brought in plurilogue envisioning international solidarity networks that engage communities, activists, and committed student generations.
Cage‐Opened C60 Isomers with Different Reactivities
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Hashikawa Yoshifumi , Murata Yasujiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe synthesized two cage‐opened C60 isomers with different arrangement of an imine moiety on their orifices and investigated reactivities of them toward nucleophiles. Both isomers underwent the enlargement of the opening by the reaction with N‐methylmorpholine N‐oxide in comparable yields while the reaction with MeOH caused an orifice contraction via a transannular cyclization resulting in obviously different yields. The products in the latter reaction have a new hexagonal or heptagonal ring on their skeletons. The observed difference in reactivity could be explained by the greater thermodynamic stabilization in the hexagon‐containing isomer compared with the other.
Viruses associated with ill health in wild chimpanzees
Authors: Negrey Jacob D. , Mitani John C. , Wrangham Richard W. , Otali Emily , Reddy Rachna B. , Pappas Tressa E. , Grindle Kristine A. , Gern James E. , Machanda Zarin P. , Muller Martin N. , Langergraber Kevin E. , Emery Thompson Melissa , Goldberg Tony L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractViral infection is a major cause of ill health in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), but most evidence to date has come from conspicuous disease outbreaks with high morbidity and mortality. To examine the relationship between viral infection and ill health during periods not associated with disease outbreaks, we conducted a longitudinal study of wild eastern chimpanzees (P. t. schweinfurthii) in the Kanyawara and Ngogo communities of Kibale National Park, Uganda. We collected standardized, observational health data for 4 years and then used metagenomics to characterize gastrointestinal viromes (i.e., all viruses recovered from fecal samples) in individual chimpanzees before and during episodes of clinical disease. We restricted our analyses to viruses thought to infect mammals or primarily associated with mammals, discarding viruses associated with nonmammalian hosts. We found 18 viruses (nine of which were previously identified in this population) from at least five viral families. Viral richness (number of viruses per sample) did not vary by health status. By contrast, total viral load (normalized proportion of sequences mapping to viruses) was significantly higher in ill individuals compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, when ill, Kanyawara chimpanzees exhibited higher viral loads than Ngogo chimpanzees, and males, but not females, exhibited higher infection rates with certain viruses and higher total viral loads as they aged. Post‐hoc analyses, including the use of a machine‐learning classification method, indicated that one virus, salivirus (Picornaviridae), was the main contributor to health‐related and community‐level variation in viral loads. Another virus, chimpanzee stool‐associated virus (chisavirus; unclassified Picornavirales), was associated with ill health at Ngogo but not at Kanyawara. Chisavirus, chimpanzee adenovirus (Adenoviridae), and bufavirus (Parvoviridae) were also associated with increased age in males. Associations with sex and age are consistent with the hypothesis that nonlethal viral infections cumulatively reflect or contribute to senescence in long‐lived species such as chimpanzees.
Highly Accurate Synthesis of Quasi‐sub‐nanoparticles by Dendron‐assembled Supramolecular Templates
Authors: Tsukamoto Takamasa , Tomozawa Kosuke , Moriai Tatsuya , Yoshida Nozomi , Kambe Tetsuya , Yamamoto Kimihisa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractQuasi‐sub‐nanomaterials (1–3 nm) have been predicted to exhibit unique properties originating from the gray structures considered both bulk solids and molecules, while their synthesis is extremely difficult. The present study describes a new template synthesis method for quasi‐sub‐nanosized materials using a combination of coordination chemistry and polymer chemistry. Utilizing self‐assembly of guest basic phenylazomethine dendron units onto host acidic core units with six tritylium cations, the dendron‐assembled supramolecules were constructed easily and quantitatively without costly techniques. This huge supramolecular capsule accumulating multiple acidic rhodium salts in its basic ligands enabled a precise synthesis of rhodium particles via formation of multinuclear complexes. The obtained particles (Rh84, ≈1.5 nm) have particle sizes within 1–3 nm range and were larger than conventional sub‐nanoparticles (Rh14, ≈0.85 nm), therefore the precise template synthesis of quasi‐sub‐nanoparticles was successfully demonstrated.
Graphene dispersed by pyrene‐terminated polyethylene glycol for reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Zheng Yaochen , Xu Hui , Jing Heshun , Ren Qingxin , Liu Zhiqing , Gao Zhengguo , Ban Qingfu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncorporating graphene into epoxy composites is a facile strategy to improve their mechanical performances. However, the uniform and reliable dispersion of graphene within epoxy matrix remains a large challenge owing to the intrinsic difference in chemical properties. Here, pyrene‐functionalized polyethylene glycol (Py‐PEG‐Py) was easily synthesized and utilized as a dispersant to homogenize graphene. The effect of graphene loading on mechanical performances of reinforced epoxy composites was also investigated. As 0.01 to 0.05 wt% of graphene were incorporated in epoxy resin, the resulted composites exhibited excellent improvement in flexural strength and fracture toughness compared with neat epoxy. Typically, the flexural strength increased from 63.57 ± 1.5 MPa for neat epoxy to 108.36 ± 1.9 MPa (about 70.5%) for composite, and the fracture toughness (KIC) increased from 1.25 MPa m1/2 for neat epoxy to 2.15 MPa m1/2 (around 72%) for composite modified with only 0.04 wt% of graphene and 4 wt% of Py‐PEG‐Py. Crack pinning caused by well dispersed graphene was contributed to enhancement of the fracture toughness. This work reveals a tiny amount graphene can also largely improve the mechanical properties of composites, providing a feasible approach to disperse graphene and fabricate high performance graphene composites.
The Critical Appraisal Tool for Anatomical Meta‐analysis: A framework for critically appraising anatomical meta‐analyses
Authors: D'Antoni Anthony V. , Tubbs R. Shane , Patti Alexandria C. , Higgins Quinn M. , Tiburzi Hallie , Battaglia Fortunato 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe hallmark of evidence‐based medicine is the meta‐analysis (MA). For much of its rich history, the field of anatomy has been dominated by descriptive, cadaveric studies. In the last two decades, quantitative measurements and statistical analyses have frequently accompanied such studies. These studies have directly led to the publication of anatomical MAs, which have ushered in the exciting field of evidence‐based anatomy. Although critical appraisal tools exist for clinical MAs, none of them are specifically tailored for anatomical MAs. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide a framework by which clinical anatomists and others can critically appraise anatomical MAs using the Critical Appraisal Tool for Anatomical Meta‐analysis (CATAM). Using a running example from a recently published MA, we show how to use the CATAM rubric in a step‐by‐step fashion. Each scored section of the CATAM rubric is summated into a total score (maximum 50 points). This score is then referenced to a conversion chart, which assigns a qualitative value to the MA in a range from “very good” to “poor.” Future studies can investigate the interrater reliability of the instrument, and possibly subject the CATAM rubric to a Delphi panel. As anatomical MAs become more commonplace at surgical grand rounds and journal clubs in academic medical centers throughout the world, we hope that the CATAM rubric can help facilitate meaningful discussions about the quality and clinical relevance of anatomical MAs.
Supported Iridium Catalyst for Clean Transfer Hydrogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones using Methanol as Hydrogen Source
Authors: Zhu Longfei , Ye Sen , Wang Jing , Zhu Jiazheng , He Guangke , Liu Xiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe use of methanol as abundant and low‐toxic hydrogen source under mild and clean conditions is promising for the development of safe and sustainable reduction processes, but remains a daunting challenge. This work presents a recyclable ZnO‐supported Ir catalyst for the additive‐free transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes and ketones using methanol as hydrogen source at 110 °C, delivering alcohols in up to 98 % yield. Mechanistic studies disclose that methanol is first dehydrogenated to formaldehyde and then fully decomposed into active hydrogen species for hydrogenation. The superior performance is related to the high ratio of positively charged IrOx species and their ultrafine dispersion over ZnO. And the delicate cooperation of IrOx and ZnO enhances the catalytic activities for the selective scission of O−H and less reactive C−H bonds in methanol, maintaining a good balance between methanol decomposition and C=O hydrogenation in this green transfer hydrogenation.
2.4 V All‐Manganese Aqueous Rechargeable Cell
Authors: Xie Minghao , Kong Shuting , Su Linghao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe report the construction of 2.4 V aqueous manganese dioxide (MnO2)|manganese (Mn) rechargeable cell, not needing the combination of cation and anion exchange membranes and a third electrolyte chamber. This novel designs using Mn metal as negative electrode and MnSO4 acidic solution as electrolyte, avoids the side reactions of MnO2−Zn batteries in alkaline electrolyte and exhibits 2.1 V operating voltage and 87.8 % of MnO2’s theoretical one‐electron capacity (308 mAh/g) at C/6 rate. After charging and discharging continuously for 100 cycles at 50 % charge depth of MnO2, the capacity retention rate is still 89.2 %.
Retro‐Friedel‐Crafts‐Type Acidic Ring‐Opening of Triptycenes: A New Synthetic Approach to Acenes
Authors: Iwata Takayuki , Kawano Ryusei , Fukami Takuto , Shindo Mitsuru 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe triptycene scaffold has been ring‐opened by using a retro‐Friedel‐Crafts‐type reaction under acidic conditions to give its corresponding anthrone product. 9‐Hydroxytriptycenes and unsubstituted triptycene undergo ring‐opening reaction under strongly acidic conditions, such as with TfOH. An investigation of the substitution effect has revealed that the electron‐donating group on the arene moiety allows the reaction to proceed in the presence of a weaker acid, such as TFA. In addition, the reaction has been successfully applied toward the synthesis of tetracene.
Enantioselective C−H Functionalization Reactions under Gold Catalysis
Authors: Das Avishek , Patil Nitin T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTransition metal‐catalyzed enantioselective functionalization of ubiquitous C−H bonds has proven to be promising field as it offers the construction of chiral molecular complexity in a step‐ and atom‐economical manner. In recent years, gold has emerged as an attractive contender for catalyzing such reactions. The unique reactivities and selectivities offered by gold catalysts have been exploited to access numerous asymmetric transformations based on gold‐catalyzed C−H functionalization processes. Herein, this review critically highlights the major advances and discoveries made in the enantioselective C−H functionalization under gold catalysis which is accompanied by mechanistic insights at appropriate places.