bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GDUS-Modified Topp-Leone Distribution: A New Distribution with Increasing, Decreasing, and Bathtub Hazard Functions
Authors: Kaushik Arun , Nigam Unnati 
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we propose an extension to the Topp-Leone distribution, as introduced by [20] using the Generalized-DUS transformation given by [8]. The Topp-Leone distribution is defined on interval (0,1) and has a characteristic J-shaped frequency curve. The newly extended version of Topp-Leone distribution accommodates a variety of shapes of hazard rate functions making it a versatile distribution. We have also derived explicit expressions for some properties like ordinary moments, conditional moments, distribution of order statistics, quantiles, mean deviation, and entropy. Further, we have also discussed results on identifiability, stress-strength reliability, and stochastic ordering that are concerned with two independent random variables. For inference regarding the unknown parameters of the distribution, we derive the equations which give their maximum likelihood estimators. We also present the asymptotic confidence intervals of the unknown parameters of the distribution, based on large sample property, using the Fisher information matrix. To facilitate further studies, a step-by-step algorithm is presented to produce a random sample from the distribution. Further, extensive simulation experiments are done to study the long-term behavior of the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters through their mean squared error and mean absolute bias on the basis of large number of samples. The consistency of the MLEs is empirically proved. Lastly, the application of the proposed distribution is shown by fitting a real-life dataset over some existing distributions in the same range.
Thermally reconfigurable extraordinary terahertz transmission using vanadium dioxide
Authors: Badri S. Hadi , Soofi Hadi , SaeidNahaei Sanam 
Published: May 2022

We numerically demonstrate a reconfigurable extraordinary terahertz transmission based on a phase-change material of vanadium dioxide (

V
O

2

). The proposed hybrid metasurface is composed of an array of subwavelength apertures perforated on a gold film. The holes are partially filled with annular

V
O

2

and gold disks to control the effective aperture area and the modes inside the aperture. Switching between the insulator and the metallic phase of

V
O

2

provides a convenient way to shift the transmission window. We present two designs offering redshift or blueshift of the extraordinary terahertz transmission. Upon phase transition from the insulator to the metallic phase, in the first design, the transmission peak redshifts from 1.02 to 0.82 THz while in the second design the transmission peak blueshifts from 0.71 to 0.77 THz. Furthermore, the transmission level and resonance frequency can be modulated by controlling the partial phase transition of the

V
O

2

. The potential applications for the proposed structures are terahertz modulators and reconfigurable filters.
High prevalence of small intestine bacteria overgrowth and asymptomatic carriage of enteric pathogens in stunted children in Antananarivo, Madagascar
Authors: Collard Jean-Marc , Andrianonimiadana Lova , Habib Azimdine , Rakotondrainipiana Maheninasy , Andriantsalama Prisca , Randriamparany Ravaka , Rabenandrasana M. A. N. , Weill François-Xavier , Sauvonnet Nathalie , Randremanana Rindra Vatosoa , Guillemot Vincent , Vonaesch Pascale , Sansonetti Philippe J. ,   for the Afribiota Investigators
Published: May 2022

Environmental Enteric Dysfunction (EED) refers to an incompletely defined syndrome of inflammation, reduced absorptive capacity, and reduced barrier function in the small intestine. It is widespread among children and adults in low- and middle-income countries and is also associated with poor sanitation and certain gut infections possibly resulting in an abnormal gut microbiota, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and stunting.We investigated bacterial pathogen exposure in stunted and non-stunted children in Antananarivo, Madagascar by collecting fecal samples from 464 children (96 severely stunted, 104 moderately stunted and 264 non-stunted) and the prevalence of SIBO in 109 duodenal aspirates from stunted children (61 from severely stunted and 48 from moderately stunted children). SIBO assessed by both aerobic and anaerobic plating techniques was very high: 85.3% when selecting a threshold of ≥105CFU/ml of bacteria in the upper intestinal aspirates. Moreover, 58.7% of the children showed more than 106bacteria/ml in these aspirates. The most prevalent cultivated genera recovered wereStreptococcus,Neisseria,Staphylococcus,Rothia,Haemophilus,PantoeaandBranhamella. Feces screening by qPCR showed a high prevalence of bacterial enteropathogens, especially those categorized as being enteroinvasive or causing mucosal disruption, such asShigellaspp., enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli, enteropathogenicE.coliand enteroaggregativeE.coli. These pathogens were detected at a similar rate in stunted children and controls, all showing no sign of severe diarrhea the day of inclusion but both living in a highly contaminated environment (slum-dwelling). InterestinglyShigellaspp. was the most prevalent enteropathogen found in this study (83.3%) without overrepresentation in stunted children.
Malaria transmission structure in the Peruvian Amazon through antibody signatures to Plasmodium vivax
Authors: Rosado Jason , Carrasco-Escobar Gabriel , Nolasco Oscar , Garro Katherine , Rodriguez-Ferruci Hugo , Guzman-Guzman Mitchel , Llanos-Cuentas Alejandro , Vinetz Joseph M. , Nekkab Narimane , White Michael T. , Mueller Ivo , Gamboa Dionicia 
Published: May 2022

Background
The landscape of malaria transmission in the Peruvian Amazon is temporally and spatially heterogeneous, presenting different micro-geographies with particular epidemiologies. Most cases are asymptomatic and escape routine malaria surveillance based on light microscopy (LM). Following the implementation of control programs in this region, new approaches to stratify transmission and direct efforts at an individual and community level are needed. Antibody responses to serological exposure markers (SEM) to Plasmodium vivax have proven diagnostic performance to identify people exposed in the previous 9 months.

Methodology
We measured antibody responses against 8 SEM to identify recently exposed people and determine the transmission dynamics of P. vivax in peri-urban (Iquitos) and riverine (Mazán) communities of Loreto, communities that have seen significant recent reductions in malaria transmission. Socio-demographic, geo-reference, LM and qPCR diagnosis data were collected from two cross-sectional surveys. Spatial and multilevel analyses were implemented to describe the distribution of seropositive cases and the risk factors associated with exposure to P. vivax.

Principal findings
Low local transmission was detected by qPCR in both Iquitos (5.3%) and Mazán (2.7%); however, seroprevalence indicated a higher level of (past) exposure to P. vivax in Mazán (56.5%) than Iquitos (38.2%). Age and being male were factors associated with high odds of being seropositive in both sites. Higher antibody levels were found in individuals >15 years old. The persistence of long-lived antibodies in these individuals could overestimate the detection of recent exposure. Antibody levels in younger populations (<15 years old) could be a better indicator of recent exposure to P. vivax.

Conclusions
The large number of current and past infections detected by SEMs allows for detailed local epidemiological analyses, in contrast to data from qPCR prevalence surveys which did not produce statistically significant associations. Serological surveillance will be increasingly important in the Peruvian Amazon as malaria transmission is reduced by continued control and elimination efforts.
Deep learning kidney segmentation with very limited training data using a cascaded convolution neural network
Authors: Guo Junyu , Odu Ayobami , Pedrosa Ivan 
Published: May 2022

Background
Deep learning segmentation requires large datasets with ground truth. Image annotation is time consuming and leads to shortages of ground truth data for clinical imaging. This study is to investigate the feasibility of kidney segmentation using deep learning convolution neural network (CNN) models trained with MR images from only a few subjects.

Methods
A total of 60 subjects from two cohorts were included in this study. The first cohort of 20 subjects from publicly available data was used for training and testing. The second cohort of 40 subjects with renal masses from our institution was used for testing only. A few-shot deep learning approach using 3D augmentation was investigated. T1-weighted images in the first cohort were used for training and testing. Cascaded CNN networks were trained using images from one, three, and six subjects, respectively. Images for the remaining subjects were used for testing. Images in the second cohort were utilized for testing only. Dice and Jaccard coefficients were generated to evaluate the performance of CNN models. Statistical analyses for segmentation metrics among different approaches were performed.

Results
Our approach achieved mean Dice coefficients of 0.85 using a single training subject and 0.91 with six training subjects. Compared to a single Unet, the cascaded network significantly improved the results using a single training subject (Dice, 0.759 vs. 0.835; p<0.001) and three subjects (0.864 vs. 0.893; p = 0.015) in the first cohort, and the results for the second cohort (0.821 vs. 0.873; p = 0.008).

Conclusion
Our few-shot kidney segmentation approach using 3D augmentation achieved a good performance even using a single Unet. Furthermore, the cascaded network significantly improved the performance of segmentation and was superior to a single Unet in certain cases. Our approach provides a promising solution to segmentation in medical imaging when the number of ground truth masks is limited.
Comparison between polynomial regression and weighted least squares regression analysis for verification of analytical measurement range
Authors: Jeong Tae-Dong , Kim Soo-Kyung , Kim Sollip , Lim Chi-Yeon , Chung Jae-Woo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Recently, the linearity evaluation protocol by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) has been revised from EP6-A to EP6-ED2, with the statistical method of interpreting linearity evaluation data being changed from polynomial regression to weighted least squares linear regression (WLS). We analyzed and compared the analytical measurement range (AMR) verification results according to the present and prior linearity evaluation guidelines.

Methods
The verification of AMR of clinical chemistry tests was performed using five samples with two replicates in three different laboratories. After analyzing the same evaluation data in each laboratory by the polynomial regression analysis and WLS methods, results were compared to determine whether linearity was verified across the five sample concentrations. In addition, whether the 90% confidence interval of deviation from linearity by WLS was included in the allowable deviation from linearity (ADL) was compared.

Results
A linearity of 42.3–56.8% of the chemistry items was verified by polynomial regression analysis in three laboratories. For analysis of the same data by WLS, a linearity of 63.5–78.3% of the test items was verified where the deviation from linearity of all five samples was within the ADL criteria, and the cases where the 90% confidence interval of all deviation from linearity overlapped the ADL was 78.8–91.3%.

Conclusions
Interpreting AMR verification data by the WLS method according to the newly revised CLSI document EP6-ED2 could reduce laboratory workload, enabling efficient laboratory practice.
Gigahertz femtosecond laser-by a novel asymmetric one-dimensional photonic crystal saturable absorber device with defect layer
Authors: Song Chun-Yu , Chen Hua-Long , Wang Yong-Jie , Jin Liang , Xu Ying-Tian , Shi Lin-Lin , Zou Yong-Gang , Ma Xiao-Hui , Song Yu-Feng , Wang Cong , Zhang Ya-Ting , Lin Ja-Hon , Zhang He , Zhang Han , Yao Jian-Quan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
High repetition frequency (HRF) ultrashort pulse fiber laser has been widely used in laser cold processing. The technical solutions such as short cavity length fiber laser have been proposed to achieve HRF ultrashort pulse output recently. However, the application of material-based saturable absorbers in this field has been astricted due to the low modulation depth, low damage resistance threshold, and high saturation fluence. Here, we designed a one-dimensional asymmetric photonic crystal with defect layer (1D-APCDL) as a novel saturable absorber, where the defect layer is Bi1.6Sb0.4Te3 with high modulation depth. The harmonic pulse with 3.82 GHz repetition frequency is achieved at the wavelength of 1562 nm, which is the highest repetition frequency of the topological insulator-based ring fiber laser so far to the best of our knowledge. The research provides a new saturable absorber solution, and provides a new idea for the application of material-based nonlinear optical chip in high-repetition frequency ultrashort pulse fiber lasers.
Experimental Investigation on the Shear Characteristics and Failure Mechanism between Geomembrane/Geotextile Interfaces
Authors: Wang Hao-Yue , Feng Shi-Jin , Shen Yang , Chang Ji-Yun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of the shear behavior of the interface between a high-density polyethylene geomembrane and a needle-punched nonwoven geotextile (GT) under monotonic loading conditions. Direct shear tests were conducted using a self-designed experimental apparatus. The effects of interface types (textured geomembrane (GMX) and smooth geomembrane (GMS)), normal stress levels (50–600 kPa), and shear displacement rates (0.1–100 mm/min) were taken into consideration. Moreover, to better understand the shear behavior, the internal shear strength of GT was compared with the interface strengths. Mechanisms of this shear behavior were analyzed based on the test results. According to these findings, the GMS/GT interface shear deformation was governed by two important stages. The test data also provide microscale insights into the GMX/GT interaction mechanisms over lower and higher normal stress levels, which were governed by three stages.
Identification of Significant Stop Locations in a Mine through GPS Clustering
Authors: Priegnitz Nathan , Yoo John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Surface mining applications are highly dynamic environments; conditions one day may not resemble those the next. Not only are these environments subject to changes in weather and other factors, but the locations, personnel, and equipment operations continuously move. Conditions will also vary depending on where equipment and personnel are in the operation. Permanent locations, such as shop and crusher areas, and dynamic locations, such as material loading and dumping areas, will have different lighting, traffic, floor conditions, etc.; personnel need to be aware of these differing conditions to adjust behavior. While modern large-scale mining equipment is generally outfitted with global positioning system (GPS) devices to track machines and support the optimization of operations in the mine, GPS location tracking has also become nearly ubiquitous with the increasing distribution of smart devices. The continued development and implementation of improved data processing and transmission technology increase the potential of equipment to provide more meaningful information to personnel. This paper proposes the hybrid spatial clustering for identification of locations of significance (HSCILS) algorithm—a hybrid of multiple clustering techniques—to analyze GPS data to identify and differentiate different types of locations in the mining operation. The HSCILS algorithm will then be contrasted with the k-means clustering algorithm and the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise algorithm to demonstrate its capability as an appropriate tool to identify key locations in a mine and differentiate between their nature.
Breastfeeding and its Association with Early Childhood Caries – An Umbrella Review
Authors: Panchanadikar Noopur T , S Abirami , Muthu M S , H Selvakumar , Jayakumar Priya , Agarwal Amit 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To systematically assess systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the association of breastfeeding with ECC. Study Design: A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE® (PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Database, OVID, Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports and Epistemonikos Databases up to November 2019. Data extraction was carried out by two investigators. ROBIS tool was used for quality assessment of included systematic reviews.
Results: Four systematic reviews were found assessing the correlation of breastfeeding with ECC. Findings were grouped into four categories, according to the duration, frequency, pattern, and comparison of feeding habits. Two systematic reviews assessing duration of breastfeeding above the age of 12 months had odds ratios of 1.86 and 1.99, showing positive correlation with ECC while nocturnal breastfeeding showed highest odds ratio of 7.14. Of the four included reviews, three had low risk of bias and one had unclear risk of bias.
Conclusions: Breastfeeding beyond the age of 12 months, accompanied by nocturnal feeding, had a positive association with ECC. Further research is warranted for assessment of diurnal and nocturnal sleep-time breastfeeding habits, together with the role of enamel defects (hypoplasia), and the risk of ECC.
Classifying Worldwide Standardized Seismograph Network Records Using a Simple Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Nagle-McNaughton Timothy P. , Ringler Adam T. , Anthony Robert E. , Alejandro Alexis C. B. , Wilson David C. , Wilgus Justin T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains an archive of 189,180 digitized scans of analog seismic records from the World-Wide Standardized Seismograph Network (WWSSN). Although these scans have been made public, the archive is too large to manually review, and few researchers have utilized large numbers of these records. To facilitate further research using this historical dataset, we develop a simple convolutional neural network (CNN) that rapidly (∼4.75 s/film chip) classifies scanned film chip images (called “chips,” because they are individually cut segments of 70 mm film) into four categories of “interestingness” to earthquake seismologists based on the presence of earthquakes and other seismic signals in the record: “no interest,” “little interest,” “interest,” and “high interest.” The CNN, dubbed “Seismic Analog Record Network” (SARNet), can identify four types of seismic traces (“no events,” “minor events,” “major events,” and “errors”) in 200 × 200 pixel subcrops with an accuracy of 92% using a confidence threshold of 85%. SARNet then converts 100 random subcrops from each film chip into the overall classification of interestingness. In this task, SARNet performed as well as expert human classifiers in determining the film chip’s overall interest grade. Applying SARNet to 34,000 film chips in the WWSSN archive found that 21% of the images were of “high interest” and had an “indeterminate” rate of only 4%. Thus, the need for the manual review of images was reduced by 79%. Sorting of film chips derived from SARNet will expedite further exploration of the archive of digitized analog seismic records stored at the USGS.
THE PROCESS OF COMPREHENSION: THE ROLE OF READING LITERARY TEXTS FOR ENHANCING THE BASIC LANGUAGE SKILLS
Authors: Waheed Saima , Bhatti Zafar Iqbal , Khan Anila 
Published: May 2022

Purpose of the study: The targets of the review were to figure out the effect of perusing literary texts on the improvement of language abilities, working of jargon, punctuation, grammar, composing articulation and the highlight composing abilities of the ESL students. The ESL students deal with a ton of issues in language learning, especially during the time spent composing abilities; because the most common way of composing needs its very own topic, a circumstance, which customary course books loaded with syntax practices can't give. Methodology: The data-gathering instruments include Questionnaires; an Open-ended Questionnaire, a Close-ended Questionnaire and a Semi-structured Interview. This research was qualitative. For the convenience of the current research, the researcher primarily gathered open-ended items from the respondents through an open-ended questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedule from students and teachers respectively. Main Findings: In order to take maximum benefits from literature for language learning especially writing skills, activity-based leaning needs to be given emphasis in the classroom. But there should be systematic criteria for selection of classroom activities. Applications of the study: This study provides an awareness of the way language is used in literary discourse for the conveying of unique message.The students can study literature for only language learning. Literature should first succeed as literary experience no matter how much it helps in language learning. Novelty/Originality of the study: This study can pave grounds for the ESL learners in the language classroom using literary texts as the material especially designed for the writing activities (for children aged 5-12 years).This study would increase ESL learners’ interest in both reading literary texts and doing writing tasks based on them.
Developing cooling system application for the immobile patients
Authors: Ramiz Salama 
Published: May 2022

There is an increase in the use of automated systems as technology moves forward towards the 21st century; people are trying to make use of their time the most with modern technology, with Microcontrollers becoming a necessity. Arduino, the popular portable microcontroller is one of the best currently in terms of making fast, efficient, automated devices that help in day-to-day life. This paper aims to present the ARDUINO-powered COOLING SYSTEMS, which can be applied in different areas including daily used objects. The use of this as COOLING will improve human life while educating people on the uses of microcontrollers. This book defines the Arduino microcontroller and the Arduino idea. Their methodology was to share microcontroller-based equipment and plan stages to share thoughts and advance development. To meet the wide group of onlookers, the document has been segmented to fulfill the need of everyone. The document contains numerous equipment guides to help the peruser ascertain all assortment of frameworks.

Keywords: ARDUINO; cooling system; Liquid Crystal Display ( LCD); Microcontroller; sensor.
TAWAKAL KEPADA ALLAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP RESILIENSI
Authors: Faruqi Abdullah , Saputra Aryan Muhaimin , Saputri Leonita Ikasari 
Published: May 2022

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, manusia banyak mengalami tantangan dan masalah. Tantangan tersebut datang dari banyak aspek, baik dalam aspek kehidupan pribadi, sosial, ataupun karir. Tantangan dan masalah tersebut dapat membuat kesehatan mental dan keberfungsian individu menjadi terganggu. Dalam banyak penelitian telah dibuktikan bahwa resiliensi sangat bermanfaat bagi kesehatan mental individu. Beberapa penelitian menemukan bahwa religiusitas memiliki hubungan dengan resiliensi. Salah satu aspek dari religiusitas adalah tawakal. Literature review ini ingin menunjukkan bagaimana hasil penelitian-penelitian yang telah dilakukan mengenai hubungan antara tawakal dengan resiliensi. Metode yang digunakan dalam literature review ini adalah studi pustaka. Hasil analisis deskriptif terhadap studi pustaka menemukan bahwa orang yang bertawakal kepada Allah menunjukkan peningkatan positif pada kesehatan mental, keberfungsian, dan resiliensi individu.
Kata kunci: tawakal kepada Allah, surrender to God, resiliensi, kesehatan mental, keberfungsian diri