bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spin structure and dynamics of the topological semimetal Co3Sn2-xInxS2
Authors: Neubauer Kelly J. , Ye Feng , Shi Yue , Malinowski Paul , Gao Bin , Taddei Keith M. , Bourges Philippe , Ivanov Alexandre , Chu Jiun-Haw , Dai Pengcheng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe anomalous Hall effect (AHE), typically observed in ferromagnetic (FM) metals with broken time-reversal symmetry, depends on electronic and magnetic properties. In Co3Sn2-xInxS2, a giant AHE has been attributed to Berry curvature associated with the FM Weyl semimetal phase, yet recent studies report complicated magnetism. We use neutron scattering to determine the spin dynamics and structures as a function of x and provide a microscopic understanding of the AHE and magnetism interplay. Spin gap and stiffness indicate a contribution from Weyl fermions consistent with the AHE. The magnetic structure evolves from c-axis ferromagnetism at $$x = 0$$

x
=
0

to a canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) structure with reduced c-axis moment and in-plane AFM order at $$x = 0.12$$

x
=
0.12

and further reduced c-axis FM moment at $$x = 0.3$$

x
=
0.3

. Since noncollinear spins can induce non-zero Berry curvature in real space acting as a fictitious magnetic field, our results revealed another AHE contribution, establishing the impact of magnetism on transport.
Efficacy of supermarket and web-based interventions for improving dietary quality: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Steen Dylan L. , Helsley Robert N. , Bhatt Deepak L. , King Eileen C. , Summer Suzanne S. , Fenchel Matthew , Saelens Brian E. , Eckman Mark H. , Couch Sarah C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDietary interventions may best be delivered at supermarkets, which offer convenience, accessibility, full food inventories and, increasingly, in-store registered dietitians, online shopping and delivery services. In collaboration with a large retail supermarket chain, we conducted a multisite supermarket and web-based intervention targeting nutrition trial (no. NCT03895580), randomizing participants (n = 247 (139 women and 108 men)) 2:2:1 to two levels of dietary education (Strategy 1 and Strategy 2) or an enhanced control group that included educational components beyond the routine standard of care. Both Strategies 1 and 2 included individualized, in-person, dietitian-led, purchasing data-guided interventions. Strategy 2 also included online tools for shopping, home delivery, selection of healthier purchases, meal planning and healthy recipes. The primary endpoint was change in dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) score (a measure of adherence to the DASH diet) from baseline to 3 months. The primary endpoint was met because, at 3 months, the DASH score increased by 4.7 more for the combined Strategy 1 and Strategy 2 groups than for the control group (95% confidence interval (CI) (0.9, 8.5), P = 0.02). In a prespecified hierarchical test, at 3 months, DASH score increased by 3.8 more for the Strategy 2 group than for the Strategy 1 group (95% CI (0.8, 6.9), P = 0.01). This trial demonstrates the efficacy of data-guided, supermarket-based, dietary interventions and modern online shopping tools in improving dietary quality in a free-living, community-based population. The trial also demonstrates the opportunity for academic investigators to collaborate with retailers to design and rigorously test comprehensive healthcare interventions.
Development and validation of a novel immune-related prognostic signature in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Liu Xianyu , Zhao Deze , Shan Yunhan , Cui Weifang , Xie Qun , Jiang Junjie , Peng Wei , Zhang Chunfang , Duan Chaojun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LUSC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options. The response to immune therapy is a determining factor for the prognosis of LUSC patients. This study aimed to develop a reliable immune-related prognostic signature in LUSC. We extracted gene expression and clinical data of LUSC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 502 patients enrolled and were divided into respond and non-responder groups by the TIDE algorithm. The CIBERSORT algorithm and the LM22 gene signature were used to analyze the distribution of immune cells in LUSC. Efficacy and response strength of immunotherapy are calculated by the tumor mutation burden (TMB) and ESTIMATE Score. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two groups were analyzed. The differential expression genes related to overall survival were pointed as hub DEGs, and a prognostic signature was constructed with lasso regression analysis. LUSC patients were divided into responder and non-responder groups based on the response to immunotherapy. The distribution of immune cells was significantly different between the two groups. Forty-four DGEs were considered as overall survival-related genes. A prognostic signature was constructed, consisting of 11 hub-DGEs, including MMP20, C18orf26, CASP14, FAM71E2, OPN4, CGB5, DIRC1, C9orf11, SPATA8, C9orf144B, and ZCCHC5. The signature can accurately distinguish LUSC patients into high and low-risk groups. Moreover, the high-risk group had a shorter survival time than the low-risk group. The area under the ROC curve was 0.67. The multivariate Cox regression showed that the risk score calculated by the constructed signature was an independent prognostic predictor for LUSC patients. In short, we established a novel immune-related prognostic signature in LUCS, which has significant sensitivity and accuracy in predicting the prognosis of patients. Our research can guide the evaluation of the prognosis of LUSC patients in clinical, and the discovered immune-related genes can provide a theoretical basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
A hybrid interpretable deep structure based on adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, decision tree, and K-means for intrusion detection
Authors: Liu Jia , Yinchai Wang , Siong Teh Chee , Li Xinjin , Zhao Liping , Wei Fengrui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor generating an interpretable deep architecture for identifying deep intrusion patterns, this study proposes an approach that combines ANFIS (Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System) and DT (Decision Tree) for interpreting the deep pattern of intrusion detection. Meanwhile, for improving the efficiency of training and predicting, Pearson Correlation analysis, standard deviation, and a new adaptive K-means are used to select attributes and make fuzzy interval decisions. The proposed algorithm was trained, validated, and tested on the NSL-KDD (National security lab–knowledge discovery and data mining) dataset. Using 22 attributes that highly related to the target, the performance of the proposed method achieves a 99.86% detection rate and 0.14% false alarm rate on the KDDTrain+ dataset, a 77.46% detection rate on the KDDTest+ dataset, which is better than many classifiers. Besides, the interpretable model can help us demonstrate the complex and overlapped pattern of intrusions and analyze the pattern of various intrusions.
Moss establishment success is determined by the interaction between propagule size and species identity
Authors: Hurtado Fernando , Estébanez Belén , Aragón Pedro , Hortal Joaquín , Molina-Bustamante Manuel , Medina Nagore G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractColonization of new habitat patches is a key aspect of metacommunity dynamics, particularly for sessile organisms. Mosses can establish in new patches through fragmentation, with different vegetative structures acting as propagules. Despite the importance of these propagules for successful colonization the specific aspects that favour moss colonization by vegetative propagules remain poorly understood, including the effect of propagule size. We examine the intra- and interspecific variation of establishment and colonization success in culture of propagules of different sizes in six widespread soil moss species of contrasting growth form (Dicranum scoparium,Homalothecium aureum,Hypnum cupressiforme,Ptychostomum capillare,Syntrichia ruralisandTortella squarrosa). We obtained three different size classes of propagules from artificially fragmented vegetative material, and assessed their establishment under controlled light and temperature conditions. We characterize the size, shape, apparent viability, morphological type and size changes due to hydration states of the propagules, all of them traits with potentially significant influence in their dispersal pattern and establishment. Then we assess the effect of these traits on moss establishment, using indicators of surface establishment (number of established shoots and colonized surface) and biomass production (viable biomass) as proxies of colonization success. The establishment indicators related to colonization surface and biomass production differ among species and propagule sizes. The magnitude of the interspecific differences of all indicators of establishment success was larger at the smaller propagule size class.T. squarrosawas the most successful species, andD. scopariumshowed the lowest performance. We also found interspecific differences in the hydration dynamics of the propagules. The process of establishment by vegetative fragments operates differently among moss species. Besides, differences between hydration states in propagules of some species could be part of syndromes for both dispersal and establishment. This study unveils several functional traits relevant for moss colonization, such as wetversusdry area and length of fragments, which may improve our understanding of their spatial dynamics.
Changes in childhood stroke mortality from 1990 to 2019 in Brazil and its federative units
Authors: Tanisaka Laura Silveira , Oliveira Fernando Rocha , de Alcantara Sousa Luiz Vinicius , de Abreu Luiz Carlos , Adami Fernando , da Silva Paiva Laércio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis research analyzed the temporal trend of stroke mortality in children aged 0–14 years, from 1990 to 2019, in Brazil and its federative units. This ecological study used data from the Global Burden of Disease, a study led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Stroke definition considered the International Classification of Diseases according to codes G45, G46, and I60–I69. Age-standardized mortality rates and the mean annual percentage change (APC) in mortality rates were estimated. Stroke mortality trends decreased, with an APC of − 3.9% (95% CI − 4.5; − 3.3; p < 0.001). Reducing trends were found in all but two states, where they were stationary. Maranhão (− 6.5%; 95% CI − 7.6; − 5.4; p < 0.001) had the greatest reduction and Rondônia, the smallest (− 1.2%; 95% CI − 2.3; − 0.1, p = 0.027). Decrease was more important in children < 5 (− 5.8%; 95% CI − 6.3; − 5.2; p < 0.001) compared to 5–14 years old (− 2.1%; 95% CI − 2.9; − 1.3; p < 0.001); additionally, it was greater in girls (− 4.1%; 95% CI − 4.6; − 3.5; p < 0.001) than in boys (− 3.8%; 95% IC − 4.5; − 3.1; p < 0.001). Ischemic stroke had the highest APC (− 6.1%; 95% CI − 6.8; − 5.3; p < 0.001), followed by intracranial hemorrhage (− 5.3%; 95% CI − 6.1; − 4.5; p < 0.001) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (− 2.7%; 95% CI − 3.3; − 2.1; p < 0.001). Largest reductions were seen in states with more vulnerable socioeconomic contexts. The stationary trends and lowest APCs were concentrated in the northern region, which had greater impact of diseases and less favorable outcomes.
Oligomerization of the heteromeric γ-aminobutyric acid receptor GABAB in a eukaryotic cell-free system
Authors: Ullrich Jessica , Göhmann Philip Jonas , Zemella Anne , Kubick Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the assembly mechanism and function of membrane proteins is a fundamental problem in biochemical research. Among the membrane proteins, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class in the human body and have long been considered to function as monomers. Nowadays, the oligomeric assembly of GPCRs is widely accepted, although the functional importance and therapeutic intervention remain largely unexplored. This is partly due to difficulties in the heterologous production of membrane proteins. Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) with its endogenous endoplasmic reticulum-derived structures has proven as a technique to address this issue. In this study, we investigate for the first time the conceptual CFPS of a heteromeric GPCR, the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor type B (GABAB), from its protomers BR1 and BR2 using a eukaryotic cell-free lysate. Using a fluorescence-based proximity ligation assay, we provide evidence for colocalization and thus suggesting heterodimerization. We prove the heterodimeric assembly by a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer saturation assay providing the manufacturability of a heterodimeric GPCR by CFPS. Additionally, we show the binding of a fluorescent orthosteric antagonist, demonstrating the feasibility of combining the CFPS of GPCRs with pharmacological applications. These results provide a simple and powerful experimental platform for the synthesis of heteromeric GPCRs and open new perspectives for the modelling of protein–protein interactions. Accordingly, the presented technology enables the targeting of protein assemblies as a new interface for pharmacological intervention in disease-relevant dimers.
Honey bee colony loss linked to parasites, pesticides and extreme weather across the United States
Authors: Insolia Luca , Molinari Roberto , Rogers Stephanie R. , Williams Geoffrey R. , Chiaromonte Francesca , Calovi Martina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHoney bee (Apis mellifera) colony loss is a widespread phenomenon with important economic and biological implications, whose drivers are still an open matter of investigation. We contribute to this line of research through a large-scale, multi-variable study combining multiple publicly accessible data sources. Specifically, we analyzed quarterly data covering the contiguous United States for the years 2015-2021, and combined open data on honey bee colony status and stressors, weather data, and land use. The different spatio-temporal resolutions of these data are addressed through an up-scaling approach that generates additional statistical features which capture more complex distributional characteristics and significantly improve modeling performance. Treating this expanded feature set with state-of-the-art feature selection methods, we obtained findings that, nation-wide, are in line with the current knowledge on the aggravating roles of Varroa destructor and pesticides in colony loss. Moreover, we found that extreme temperature and precipitation events, even when controlling for other factors, significantly impact colony loss. Overall, our results reveal the complexity of biotic and abiotic factors affecting managed honey bee colonies across the United States.
Unsupervised determination of lung tumor margin with widefield polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Mirsanaye Kamdin , Uribe Castaño Leonardo , Kamaliddin Yasmeen , Golaraei Ahmad , Kontenis Lukas , Ẑurauskas Edvardas , Navab Roya , Yasufuku Kazuhiro , Tsao Ming-Sound , Wilson Brian C. , Barzda Virginijus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is amongst many tissue components affected by cancer, however, morphological changes of the ECM are not well-understood and thus, often omitted from diagnostic considerations. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy allows for visualization and characterization of collagen ultrastructure in the ECM, aiding in better understanding of the changes induced by cancer throughout the tissue. In this paper, a large region of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained human lung section, encompassing a tumor margin, connecting a significant tumor portion to normal tissue was imaged with P-SHG microscopy. The resulting polarimetric parameters were utilized in principal components analysis and unsupervised K-Means clustering to separate normal- and tumor-like tissue. Consequently, a pseudo-color map of the clustered tissue regions is generated to highlight the irregularity of the ECM collagen structure throughout the region of interest and to identify the tumor margin, in the absence of morphological characteristics of the cells.
Y-chromosome target enrichment reveals rapid expansion of haplogroup R1b-DF27 in Iberia during the Bronze Age transition
Authors: García-Fernández Carla , Lizano Esther , Telford Marco , Olalde Íñigo , de Cid Rafael , Larmuseau Maarten H. D. , M. de Pancorbo Marian , Calafell Francesc 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Y chromosome can yield a unique perspective into the study of human demographic history. However, due to the repetitive nature of part of its sequence, only a small set of regions are suitable for variant calling and discovery from short-read sequencing data. These regions combined represent 8.9 Mbp or 0.14% of a diploid human genome. Consequently, investing in whole-genome sequencing to resolve Y-chromosome questions is poorly efficient. Here we use, as an alternative, target enrichment technology to greatly increase sequencing effectiveness, validating and applying the technique to 181 males, for 162 of whom we obtained a positive result. Additionally, 75 samples sequenced for the whole genome were also included, for a total sample size of 237. These samples were chosen for their Y chromosome haplogroup: R1b-DF27. In the context of European populations, and particularly in Iberia, this haplogroup stands out for its high frequency and its demographic history. Current evidence indicates that the diffusion of this haplogroup is related to the population movements that mark the cultural Bronze Age transition, making it remarkably interesting for population geneticists. The results of this study show the effects of the rapid radiation of the haplogroup in Spain, as even with the higher discriminating power of whole sequences, most haplotypes still fall within the R1b-DF27* paragroup rather than in the main derived branches. However, we were able to refine the ISOGG 2019–2020 phylogeny, and its two main subbranches, namely L176.2 and Z272, which present geographical differentiation between the Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts of Iberia.
Positive attentional bias mediates the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and trait affect
Authors: Suslow Thomas , Hoepfel Dennis , Günther Vivien , Kersting Anette , Bodenschatz Charlott Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEmotional intelligence and, in particular, the component emotion regulation may increase well-being and improve mood and coping with negative emotions. In the present eye-tracking study, we examined whether attention allocation to positive stimuli mediates the relationship between emotion regulation abilities and trait affect. Gaze behavior of 104 healthy adults was analyzed in a free-viewing task, in which happy, sad, angry, and neutral faces were shown simultaneously for ten seconds. Dwell time on facial expressions was used as indicator of attention allocation. Trait emotional intelligence was assessed using the Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Scale. Self-report measures of state and trait positive and negative affect, trait anxiety, and depression were administered. In general, participants viewed longer at happy than at negative or neutral faces. The results of mediation analyses indicated that intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation abilities were indirectly related to trait positive affect through attention to happy faces. Moreover, dwell time on happy faces had a mediating effect on the relationship between interpersonal emotion regulation ability and trait anxiety. Preference for positive social signals might form one attentional pathway through which emotion regulation abilities promote positive mood and buffer the development of anxiety reactions in everyday life.
A six lipid metabolism related gene signature for predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Kequan , Xia Peng , Liu Pan , Zhang Xiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors. Studies have shown that alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC, and notably, lipid metabolism has been shown to regulate TIME. Therefore, in predicting the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with HCC, lipid metabolism-related prognostic factors are highly relevant. mRNA expression data of HCC were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC), and gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases. and lipid metabolism-related genes were also obtained from the GSEA databases. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to explore lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes and further construct a prognostic signature in the training set, ICGC and GSE54236 were used to validate the accuracy of the signature. qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of lipid metabolism-related prognostic genes in HCC tissues and their paired adjacent tissues. Nile red staining was used to demonstrate lipid content in HCC tissues. Immunofluores-cence and ELISA were used to detect immune cells and immune responses in HCC tissues and serum. Six lipid metabolism-related genes (ADH1C, APEX1, ME1, S100A10, ACACA and CYP2C9) were identified as independent prognostic factors, which were used for risk model construction for HCC patients. The areas under the 1-, 2-, and 3-year ROC curves for the TCGA cohort were 0.758, 0.701 and 0.671, respectively. Compared with paired paracancerous tissues, qRT-PCR revealed that APEX1, ME1, S100A10 and ACACA were up-regulated in HCC tissues, whereas ADH1C and CYP2C9 were down-regulated in HCC tissues. Nile red staining indicated that this study showed that both the HCC tissue and serum of patients in the high-risk group exhibited lipid accumulation. Our identified prognostic model comprising six lipid metabolism-related genes could provide survival prediction. Moreover, HCC drug therapy target selection and molecular marker research can be guided by our predictive model.
Individual variability in habitat selection by aquatic insects is driven by taxonomy rather than specialisation
Authors: Šigutová Hana , Šigut Martin , Dolný Aleš , Harabiš Filip 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHabitat selection, the choice of a habitat based on its perceived quality, is a key mechanism structuring freshwater communities. To date, individual variability in habitat selection has been neglected, and specialisation has never been considered in this type of studies. We examined the individual differences in the habitat selection of backswimmers (Notonectidae) and diving beetles (Dytiscidae). From each family, we selected one habitat generalist able to coexist with fish (Notonecta glauca,Dytiscus marginalis), and one species specialised to fishless habitats (Notonecta obliqua,Acilius sulcatus). We performed a mesocosm experiment quantifying the consistency in individuals’ decisions in response to fish and vegetation structure, in relation to sex and specialisation. Neither the overall pattern of preferences nor consistency in individuals’ decisions differed between specialists and generalists or between the sexes, but both were consistent within families. At the population level, backswimmers preferred fishless pools with submersed and floating macrophytes, while diving beetles showed no clear preferences. Individual decisions of backswimmers were consistent and likely driven by conspecific/heterospecific attraction. In diving beetles, individual decisions were primarily density-dependent. Our results reinforce the significance of habitat selectivity for aquatic community assembly, while suggesting a range of mechanisms driving variability in individual behaviour.