bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Waiting Time and Recommend the Strategies for Reduction of Waiting Time in Outpatient Department at AVBRH, Wardha, India
Authors: Deorankar Dhanshree Ram , Shinde Vitthal , Gudhe Vandana 
Published: February 2022

Background: Prolonged waiting period for patients usually observed in outpatient service and this trouble come up with number of public health problems, weaken access to care interference of hospital work system and patient dissatisfaction. It is habitual to detect patient care being delay as prolonged waiting time, and patient many time expend more time in waiting than consultation. This study aims to reduce waiting time at outpatient department for total time management at AVBRH, Wardha.
Objectives: 1. To determine average waiting period in outpatient department and factor related for prolonged waiting. 2. Provide recommendations on utilization of waiting period .
Methodology: It will be an observational cross sectional stud conducted at AVBRH Wardha. OPD patients at AVBRH will be included in the study. Data will be collected over a period of 2 months by direct field observation and will be appropriately analyzed.
Expected Results: Reduction of waiting period by total time management helps to increase the level of satisfaction of patients. Judicious utilization of time and human resources will be helpful in increasing hospital efficiency and make positive impression of hospital.
Conclusion: Hospital efficiency can be improved by appropriate intervention and reducing waiting period.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Pterocarpus santalinus
Authors: Bhonsle A. Shivapriya Raje , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Inflammation is a biochemical response of the immune system that can be caused by a wide range of factors, including bacteria, infected cells and toxic substances.Pterocarpus Santalinus L. f. (Fabaceae) is most commonly referred to as red sandalwood in English, but it also has several common names in many languages , The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti inflammatory activity of Pterocarpus Santalinus.
Materials and Methods: The plant extract was prepared and then the selenium nanoparticles were further synthesized. This has been regularly found in UV-vis spectrophotometers. This assay has the potential to calculate extracts by adding hydrogen to DPPH radicals. Pterocarpus Santalinus at different concentrations measured by the inhibition of albumin denaturation assay. In recent times, attention has continued to be paid to natural products and drugs as anti-inflammatory, based on reactions with free radicals and other reactive species. Further, increase in the concentration in turn increases the percentage of inhibition.
Results: In the present study, it was found that the biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles had potent anti-inflammatory activity.
Cytotoxic Effect of Coriander Oleoresin against Lung Cancer Cell Line A549
Authors: Tamilmani Hemaanhini , Roy Anitha , Raghunandhakumar S. , Elumalai P. , Lakshmi T. 
Published: February 2022

Aim: The main aim of present study was to assess the cytotoxic effect of coriander oleoresin against lung cancer cell line A549.
Introduction: Coriandrum sativum (Coriander), family Umbelliferae. Coriander contains mainly essential oil and has antioxidant, diuretic, anti-diabetic anticonvulsant, hypnotic sedative, anti-mutagenic, antimicrobial, anthelmintic activity.
Materials and Methods: Coriander oleoresin (product number: 4010000243) was obtained from Synthite Industries Private Limited, Kerala. In the present study, lung cancer cell line A549 was treated with coriander oleoresin at different concentrations and later evaluated for its cytotoxic activity using MTT assay.
Results: The cytotoxic effect of coriander oleoresin on lung cancer cell line was proved; the drug concentration increased, the percentage of cell viability decreased proving its cytotoxic effect. The coriander oleoresin has shown a dose dependent cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell lines. As the drug concentration increased, the percentage of cell viability decreased proving its cytotoxic effect. The IC50 value was 80 μg/ml.
Conclusion: In the present study, coriander oleoresin showed a good cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cell lines which may be helpful in treatment of lung cancer. However more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of the cytotoxicity property of the plants.
Acute Nitrite Exposure Induces Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Grass Carp Isolated Hemocytes
Authors: Zhang Ting-ting , Ma Pin , Yin Xiao-yan , Yang Dong-ye , Li Da-peng , Tang Rong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the effects of nitrite on the oxidative damage of blood cells of Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella, the isolated hemocytes were exposed to nitrite (0, 1, 10, or 100 mg/L) for up to 24 h. Hemoglobin (Hb) and methemoglobin (MetHb) concentrations, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), and antioxidant enzyme activity were assayed to assess hematological parameters and the antioxidant defense mechanism. Results showed a remarkable decrease in Hb concentration with increasing nitrite concentration after a 24-h exposure, while the MetHb concentration increased significantly in nitrite exposure groups. The levels of ROS, ∆Ψm, and MDA increased to varying degrees with increases in nitrite exposure concentration and time. The total antioxidant capacity, catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and glutathione content showed a trend of rising initially and then decreasing with prolonged exposure time. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the 1-mg/L nitrite exposure group and lower in the 100-mg/L group than in the control. The relative messenger RNA expression ratios of cat, sod1, and gpx were up-regulated significantly in the 1- and 10-mg/L groups and then declined in the 100-mg/L group. Therefore, it can be concluded that nitrite exposure activates the antioxidant defense mechanism of Grass Carp hemocytes and that the balance of oxidant–antioxidant homeostasis will be undermined by higher nitrite doses or longer exposure periods.
Large‐Area Heteroepitaxial Nanostructuring of Molecular Semiconductor Films for Enhanced Optoelectronic Response in Flexible Electronics
Authors: Park Kwang‐Won , Vijayan Raaghesh , Andrew Trisha L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOrganized nano‐ and microstructures of molecular semiconductors display interesting optical and photonic properties, and enhanced charge carrier mobilities, as compared to disordered thin films. However, known directed‐growth and self‐organization strategies cannot create structured molecular heterojunctions and cannot be practically incorporated into existing device fabrication routines to create large‐area optoelectronic devices. Here, an ultrathin (<2 nm) seed layer of the compound coronene creates 1D nanostructures of an electron‐transporting molecule (IFD) is shown, which possesses an intrinsic proclivity to form disordered thin films in the absence of the seed layer. It is revealed that nanostructured IFD films exhibit enhanced light absorption and emission, and greater electron mobilities, as compared to amorphous counterparts. This seed layer strategy creates uniform IFD nanowires over large areas of up to 18 mm2 at low processing temperatures. Notably, the coronene seed layer creates IFD nanowires when applied over either oxide surfaces or predeposited organic layers, meaning that this structuring approach can be integrated into diode manufacturing routines to realize large‐area flexible optoelectronic devices. Flexible organic light‐emitting diodes and fullerene‐free organic solar cells containing IFD nanowires in the photoactive layer to demonstrate that molecular nanostructures can lead to robust, large‐area device arrays on flexible substrates being fabricated.
High‐Resolution Kinoform X‐Ray Optics Printed via 405 nm 3D Laser Lithography
Authors: Sanli Umut T. , Messer Tobias , Weigand Markus , Lötgering Lars , Schütz Gisela , Wegener Martin , Kern Christian , Keskinbora Kahraman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEfficient focusing of X‐rays is essential for high‐resolution X‐ray microscopy. Diffractive X‐ray optics called kinoforms offer the highest focusing efficiencies in theory. However, they have long remained unavailable due to their challenging nanofabrication. Recently, various X‐ray optic geometries including kinoforms have been realized using 3D laser lithography at near‐infrared wavelengths. As the smallest features (period) of the kinoform determines the resolving power, there is a natural drive to find ways to fabricate kinoforms with ever smaller features. Here, a custom‐built 3D laser lithography setup with an excitation wavelength of 405 nm is used, which allows to half the smallest period of the kinoforms compared to previous work. A 40% improvement in scanning transmission X‐ray microscopy image resolution, that is, a cutoff resolution of 145 nm, and an efficiency of 7.6% at 700 eV is achieved. A reconstructed pixel size of 18.5 nm, reaching the limit imposed by the design of the microscopy set‐up, is demonstrated through ptychographic imaging of a magnetic sample which has a strongly reduced contrast mechanism. Moreover, X‐ray lenses manufactured by 405 nm 3D laser lithography have the potential to become much less expensive than X‐ray lenses made by other means.
Biochar had minor effects on yield, quality, and water availability of irrigated alfalfa, corn, and wheat
Authors: Holt Jonathan A. , Yost Matt A. , Winward Dean , Creech J. Earl , Allen L. Niel , McAvoy Darren 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOne approach to water optimization in agriculture is to increase soil water retention. A soil amendment that has received attention for its ability to increase soil water retention is biochar, the remaining biomass after high‐C materials have been pyrolyzed. Two studies were conducted in Utah at two sites each during 2018–2020 to evaluate how a fast‐pyrolysis wood biochar influenced the productivity and crop quality of irrigated alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.), corn (Zea maysL.), and wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) along with soil water tension. One study included a single biochar rate of 22 Mg ha−1at two levels of irrigation (full vs. partial), where soil‐incorporated biochar increased silage corn yield by 12% in 2018 and reduced yield by 10% in 2019. Topdressed biochar had no effect on alfalfa yield from 2018 to 2020 in either irrigation rate. The other trial had six to seven biochar rates (0–67 Mg ha−1) plus the addition of wood chips at a single rate (22 Mg ha−1) at one site. This trial displayed a yield decrease of 0.01 Mg ha−1of wheat grain for each additional 1 Mg ha−1of biochar applied; however, there were no effects on silage corn production. Data obtained over 10 site‐years showed minimal effects from this type of biochar on crop yield, quality, or soil water tension, leading us to conclude that this wood biochar was not an effective tool for enhancing short‐term crop production or conserving irrigation water in arid agriculture.
Maßgeschneiderte Pyridoxal‐Sonden enthüllen neue Cofaktor‐abhängige Enzyme und antibiotische Treffer in kritischen bakteriellen Krankheitserregern
Authors: Pfanzelt Martin , Maher Thomas E. , Absmeier Ramona M. , Schwarz Markus , Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZur Überwindung der Antibiotika‐Resistenzkrise werden dringend neuartige bakterielle Angriffsziele benötigt. In diesem Artikel untersuchen wir systematisch Pyridoxalphosphat‐abhängige Enzyme (PLP‐DEs) in Bakterien, um uns auf Ziele zu konzentrieren, die an entscheidenden Stoffwechselprozessen beteiligt sind. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir acht Pyridoxal (PL)‐Sonden mit Modifikationen an verschiedenen Positionen entwickelt. Insgesamt übertrafen die Sonden die Leistung einer früheren Generation und lieferten detaillierte Informationen der PLP‐DEs in klinisch relevanten Krankheitserregern, einschließlich schwierig zu adressierender Gram‐negativer Stämme. Ausgewählte PLP‐DEs mit unbekannter Funktion wurden durch enzymatische Aktivitätsassays charakterisiert. Schließlich untersuchten wir eine Reihe von mutmaßlichen PLP‐Inhibitoren auf ihre antibiotische Aktivität und entschlüsselten die Zielenzyme aktiver Trefferverbindungen. Hier wurde ein kaum charakterisiertes Enzym, das für das bakterielle Wachstum unerlässlich ist, als PLP‐abhängige Cystein‐Desulfurase identifiziert und bestätigt, dass es durch das zugelassene Medikament Phenelzin gehemmt wird. Unser Ansatz bietet eine Grundlage für die Entschlüsselung neuartiger PLP‐DEs als essenzielle Antibiotikaziele sowie entsprechende Möglichkeiten zur Entschlüsselung kleiner Molekül‐Inhibitoren.
Selectively Regulating Lewis Acid–Base Sites in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Achieving Turn‐On/Off of the Catalytic Activity in Different CO2Reactions
Authors: Tian Xue‐Rui , Jiang Xiao‐Lei , Hou Sheng‐Li , Jiao Zhuo‐Hao , Han Jie , Zhao Bin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRegulating Lewis acid–base sites in catalysts to investigate their influence in the chemical fixation of CO2is significant but challenging. A metal–organic framework (MOF) with open metal Co sites, {(NH2Me2)[Co3(μ3‐OH)(BTB)2(H2O)]⋅9 H2O⋅5 DMF}n(1), was obtained and the results of the catalytic investigation show that1can catalyze cycloaddition of CO2and aziridines to give 99 % yield. The efficiency of the cyclization of CO2with propargyl amines is only 32 %. To improve the catalytic ability of1, ligand XN with Lewis base sites was introduced into1and coordinated with the open Co sites, resulting in a decrease of the Lewis acid sites and an increase in the Lewis base sites in a related MOF2({(NH2Me2)[Co3(μ3‐OH)(NHMe2)(BTB)2(XN)]⋅8 H2O⋅4 DMF}n). Selective regulation of the type of active centers causes the yield of oxazolidinones to be enhanced by about 2.4 times, suggesting that this strategy can turn on/off the catalytic activity for different reactions. The catalytic results from2treated with acid solution support this conclusion. This work illuminates a MOF‐construction strategy that produces efficient catalysts for CO2conversion.
Construction of Single‐Crystalline Hierarchical ZSM‐5 with Open Nanoarchitectures via Anisotropic‐Kinetics Transformation for the Methanol‐to‐Hydrocarbons Reaction
Authors: Chen Guangrui , Li Junyan , Wang Sen , Han Ji , Wang Xingxing , She Peihong , Fan Weibin , Guan Buyuan , Tian Peng , Yu Jihong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report an anisotropic‐kinetics transformation strategy to prepare single‐crystalline aluminosilicate MFI zeolites (ZSM‐5) with highly open nanoarchitectures and hierarchical porosities. The methodology relies on the cooperative effect of in situ etching and recrystallization on the evolution of pure‐silica MFI zeolite (silicalite‐1) nanotemplates under hydrothermal conditions. The strategy enables a controllable preparation of ZSM‐5 nanostructures with diverse open geometries by tuning the relative rate difference between etching and recrystallization processes. Meanwhile, it can also be extended to synthesize other heteroatom‐substituted MFI zeolite nanocages. Compared with conventional ZSM‐5 microcrystals, nanocrystals, and nanoboxes, the ZSM‐5 nanocages with single‐crystalline nature, highly open nanoarchitectures, and hierarchical porosities exhibit remarkably enhanced catalytic lifetime and low coking rate in the methanol‐to‐hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction.
Rapid Access to Multisubstituted Acrylamides from Cyclic Ketones via Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Wu Zhao , Dong Guangbin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA strategy to access diverse multisubstituted acrylamides from cyclic ketones is realized via palladium/norbornene‐catalyzed α‐carbamoylation and ipso‐functionalization of the corresponding enol triflates. The development of bulky C2 secondary amide‐substituted norbornene cocatalysts is the key to achieve the desired reactivity and selectivity. Readily available carbamoyl chlorides serve as effective electrophiles; various moieties including alkenyl, hydrogen, alkynyl, aryl, and alkyl groups can be installed at the ipso position. In addition, tandem α‐carbamoylation/ipso‐annulations are demonstrated to furnish lactam‐containing polycyclic scaffolds. The utility of this method is exemplified in the streamlined preparation of a platelet‐activating factor (PAF)‐antagonist.
Tailored Pyridoxal Probes Unravel Novel Cofactor‐Dependent Targets and Antibiotic Hits in Critical Bacterial Pathogens
Authors: Pfanzelt Martin , Maher Thomas E. , Absmeier Ramona M. , Schwarz Markus , Sieber Stephan A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnprecedented bacterial targets are urgently needed to overcome the resistance crisis. Herein we systematically mine pyridoxal phosphate‐dependent enzymes (PLP‐DEs) in bacteria to focus on a target class which is involved in crucial metabolic processes. For this, we tailored eight pyridoxal (PL) probes bearing modifications at various positions. Overall, the probes exceeded the performance of a previous generation and provided a detailed map of PLP‐DEs in clinically relevant pathogens including challenging Gram‐negative strains. Putative PLP‐DEs with unknown function were exemplarily characterized via in‐depth enzymatic assays. Finally, we screened a panel of PLP binders for antibiotic activity and unravelled the targets of hit molecules. Here, an uncharacterized enzyme, essential for bacterial growth, was assigned as PLP‐dependent cysteine desulfurase and confirmed to be inhibited by the marketed drug phenelzine. Our approach provides a basis for deciphering novel PLP‐DEs as essential antibiotic targets along with corresponding ways to decipher small molecule inhibitors.
On the homology of crocodylian post‐dentary bones and their macroevolution throughout Pseudosuchia
Authors: Bona Paula , Fernandez Blanco María Victoria , Ezcurra Martín Daniel , von Baczko María Belén , Desojo Julia Brenda , Pol Diego 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe lower jaw of early tetrapods is composed of several intramembranous ossifications. However, a tendency toward the independent reduction of the number of bones has been observed in the mandible of mammals, lepidosaurs, turtles, crocodiles, and birds. Regarding archosaurs, the coronoid and prearticular bones are interpreted to be lost during the evolution of stem‐birds and stem‐crocodiles, respectively, but the homology of the post‐dentary bones retained in living pseudosuchians remains unclear. Here, we combine paleontological and embryological evidence to explore in detail the homology of the crocodylian post‐dentary bones. We study the mandible embryogenesis on a sample of 71 embryos of Caiman and compare this pattern with the mandibular transformations observed across pseudosuchian evolution. In the pre‐hatching ontogeny of caimans, at least five intramembranous ossification centers are formed along the margins of the internal mandibular fenestra (perifenestral centers) and, subsequently, merge to form the coronoid (three intramembranous centers), angular (one intramembranous center), and articular (one intramembranous and one chondral center). In the fossil record, an independent prearticular is lost around the base of Mesoeucrocodylia (optimized as reappearing in Thalattosuchia if they are placed within Neosuchia), and the coronoid is apomorphically lost in notosuchians. The integration of embryological and paleontological data indicates that most perifenestral centers are involved in the origin of the prearticular of non‐mesoeucrocodylian pseudosuchians. These centers are rearranged during the evolution to contribute to different post‐dentary bones in mesoeucrocodylians bolstering the idea that the coronoid and the articular of Crocodylia are not completely homologous to those of other diapsids.
Capabilities and organisational dimensions conducive to green product innovation: Evidence from Croatian and Spanish manufacturing firms
Authors: Serrano‐García Jakeline , Bikfalvi Andrea , Llach Josep , Arbeláez‐Toro Juan José 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to determine which configuration of green innovation capabilities (GICs) and organisational dimensions (ODs) leads to achieving green product innovation (GPI). We used data collected through the European Manufacturing Survey (EMS) from manufacturing firms in Spain and Croatia considered to be innovators. After conducting a cluster analysis, we identified a group of firms that still develop conventional product innovations (CPIs) and three groups of firms at different stages of GPI development. The four clusters were characterised using different variables, or determinants of GPI, associated with seven GICs and five ODs that favour GPI. According to the findings, all the GICs and ODs under analysis have a positive impact on GPI development, which results in the consolidation of a framework that organisations could use to manage green innovation. By empirically showing the relevance of applying these constructs, this study makes contributions to the Resource‐Based Theory (RBT), along with its extension to GICs, and points to the need to associate them with the ODs to achieve GPI towards the challenge of sustainable development.
Membrane‐Permeant, Bioactivatable Coumarin Derivatives for In‐Cell Labelling
Authors: Schultz Madeleine , Müller Rainer , Ermakova Yulia , Hoffmann Jan‐Erik , Schultz Carsten 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe delivery of small molecule fluorophores with minimal compartmentalization is currently one of the most critical technical problems in intracellular labelling. Here we introduce sulfonated and phosphonated coumarin dyes, demonstrate rapid cell entry via a prodrug approach, and show a lack of interaction with membranes, organelles, or other compartments. The dyes show no specific localization and are evenly distributed in the cells. Our fluorogenic, clickable phosphonate derivatives successfully tagged model targets in intact cells and the increase in brightness upon click reaction was around 60‐fold.
Novel predictors of stent under‐expansion regarding calcified coronary lesions assessed by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Ma Wenshuai , Wang Qiuhe , Wang Bin , Wang Chiyao , Niu Xiaona , Zhang Dongwei , Liu Hui , Niu Xiaolin , Liu Yin , Guo Wangang , Lu Shaoping , Chu Yi , Li Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA previous calcium scoring system using circumferential angle, thickness, and length of coronary calcium by OCT could assist in predicting stent under‐expansion. However, this scoring system only reflects the calcification distribution within a single cross‐section and fails to consider the lumen's original size. The current study aims to investigate whether novel parameters to quantify calcium lesions, including calcium burden, area, and volume assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), could predict stent under‐expansion related to calcium lesions. Consecutive patients admitted between March 10th to October 19th 2021 with calcified coronary lesions undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with OCT guidance were screened for inclusion. The calcium burden, area, and volume of the target lesions were measured using OCT at pre‐PCI. After successful stent implantation, stent expansion at the corresponding lesions was also measured by OCT. A total of 125 patients who underwent OCT‐guided PCI were included in this study. While the calcium grades by angiography failed to show a significant correlation with stent expansion, maximum and average calcium burden, maximum calcium area, and calcium volume exhibited a moderate correlation with stent expansion. According to the receiver operating characteristic curves, the optimal cutoffs of calcium volume and area for predicting stent under‐expansion were 4.37 mm3 and 2.48 mm2, respectively. Calcium burden, area, and volume by OCT are more favorable predictors of stent under‐expansion given its better performance than calcium grades by angiography. Using cutoffs of calcium area and volume could identify high‐risk patients of under‐expansion and might guide future clinical practice.