bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Multi‐pore Structure Cu, N‐codoped Porous Carbon‐based Catalyst and its Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Performance for Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Su Chang , Wang Wenyi , Jiang Bolong , Zhang Mei , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Huan , Song Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of a non‐noble metal cathode ORR catalyst with low cost, high activity and high stability has become an inevitable trend in MFC. The purpose of this study is to develop an efficient and stable Cu, N‐codoped porous carbons catalysts with multi‐pore structure for MFC. Herein, Cu, N‐codoped porous carbons materials (Cu−NC−T) with high N content and multi‐pore structure were successfully developed by co‐pyrolysis with MOF‐199 and melamine. By contrast, Cu‐doped porous carbon (Cu−C−T) without melamine was synthesized using MOF‐199 as template. The results showed that Cu−NC−T possessed a rough octahedral crystal with a unique multi‐mesopore structure with pore centers of 3.4 nm and 11.2 nm, respectively. Owing to high N content, abundantly exposed Cu−Nx active sites and the multi‐pore structure, Cu−NC−800 had a pronounced electrochemical ORR activity in neutral solution (onset potential and limiting current density were 0.161 V and −6.256 mA ⋅ cm−2), which were slightly lower than 20 wt % Pt/C (0.189 V and −6.479 mA ⋅ cm−2). Moreover, the MFC with Cu−NC−800 showed a power density of 662.8±3.6 mW ⋅ m−2, which was higher than that of Cu−C−800 (425.7±3.9 mW ⋅ m−2) and was slightly lower than that 20 wt % Pt/C (815.0±6.2 mW ⋅ m−2). The output voltage of MFC with Cu−NC−T had no obvious decreasing trend in 30 days, demonstrating that the Cu−NC−T had great stability.
A novel graph search and machine learning method to detect and locate high impedance fault zone in distribution system
Authors: Joga S. Ramana Kumar , Sinha Pampa , Maharana Manoj Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh impedance fault (HIF) is difficult to detect by conventional overcurrent protection relays due to the lower fault current values, which are normally lower than the normal current. A fast and reliable algorithm is required to detect this type of fault. This paper proposes a novel method for detecting the location of HIF fault zone in a distribution system by using a novel graph theory‐based zone detection technique along with a Random Search Multilevel Support Vector Machine (RSMSVM) algorithm to classify the faulted zone. Due to shift in‐variance property of “Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (DTCWT),” which has been used, in this paper, to decompose the voltage/current waveform to collect the signature of the signals and feed to the optimized RSMSVM model for classifying fault zone. The proposed method is evaluated on the IEEE 33‐bus system and also IEEE 39 bus test system under normal and noisy conditions. The proposed method is also evaluated for distribution network with the integration of distributed generation.
Basin effect quantitation of four deep basins in Japan to explain the gap between empirical and numerical basin‐depth effect models
Authors: Xie Zhinan , Ma Wanjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo incorporate basin effects into seismic hazard assessment of urban areas and infrastructure, basin‐depth effect models that are the dependence of basin amplification factor on basin depth have been derived via numerical and empirical approaches. However, commonly observed quantitative and qualitative differences between numerical and empirical models remain unresolved. In particular, empirical models tend to predict smaller basin amplification factors. In this study, a modified empirical approach from Choi et al. was applied to the derivation of basin‐depth effect models for four deep basins in Japan using a database consisting of 71MJ > 6 (Mw > 5.7) earthquakes and 13,562 records from strong‐motion seismograph networks (K‐NET and KiK‐net). The obtained basin‐depth models vary among basins and crustal‐subduction earthquake pairs, which confirms the recent trend of accounting for regional‐seismotectonic basin amplification in seismic hazard analysis. The basin amplification observed for crustal earthquakes is generally larger than that for subduction earthquakes. Moreover, the differences between the numerical and empirical models can be explained by changing the options of basin or outside‐basin stations for computing the inter‐event residuals. These results bridge a knowledge gap in seismic hazard analysis between ground‐motion prediction equations and those using large‐scale seismic wave simulations, which are now the main tools for regions lacking seismic records.
Pan‐Africanism vs. single‐origin of Homo sapiens: Putting the debate in the light of evolutionary biology
Authors: Meneganzin Andra , Pievani Telmo , Manzi Giorgio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe scenario of Homo sapiens origin/s within Africa has become increasingly complex, with a pan‐African perspective currently challenging the long‐established single‐origin hypothesis. In this paper, we review the lines of evidence employed in support of each model, highlighting inferential limitations and possible terminological misunderstandings. We argue that the metapopulation scenario envisaged by pan‐African proponents well describes a mosaic diversification among late Middle Pleistocene groups. However, this does not rule out a major contribution that emerged from a single population where crucial derived features—notably, a globular braincase—appeared as the result of a punctuated, cladogenetic event. Thus, we suggest that a synthesis is possible and propose a scenario that, in our view, better reconciles with consolidated expectations in evolutionary theory. These indicate cladogenesis in allopatry as an ordinary pattern for the origin of a new species, particularly during phases of marked climatic and environmental instability.
Identification of the promising mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes based on morphological and pomological characters
Authors: Khadivi Ali , Mirheidari Farhad , Saeidifar Abdolvahid , Moradi Younes 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the choicest fruit crops of the tropical and subtropical regions in the world. Morphological and pomological diversity of 18 mango (M. indica) genotypes (with 3–10 replications for each genotype, 81 trees in total) was evaluated from four areas of Sistan‐va‐Baluchestan province, Iran. There were significant differences among the genotypes investigated based on the traits recorded. Harvest date ranged from late May to early August. Fruit skin ground color was highly variable, including light green, green, light yellow, yellow, and orange. The values of fruit dimensions‐related characters were as follows: fruit length: 45.67–142.21 mm, fruit diameter: 37.51–94.13 mm, and fruit weight: 44.58–469.42 g. Peel and pulp percentages ranged from 65.24 to 92.45%. The quantity of fiber on stone was intermediate in most of the genotypes. Fruit weight showed positive standardized beta‐coefficient (β) values with stone weight (β = 0.66, p < .00) and pulp and skin content (β = 0.44, p < .00). Thus, these two key variables are the main traits accounting for fruit weight, and they should be considered together in breeding programs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed 21 components explaining 85.44% of the total variance, and the first principal component (PC1) was positively correlated with fruit‐related traits. A dendrogram created using Euclidean distances and the Ward's method revealed two main clusters. High dissimilarity levels among the studied genotypes showed high variability in the germplasm. Based on the traits related to fruit quality, seven genotypes, including GulabKhas, Chaunsa, Ghalami, Soldan, Porteghali, KalmiBozorg, and Jangal, were superior and are recommended to use for cultivation in commercial orchards for area‐specific and in breeding programs.
Incorporate temporal topology in a deep‐time knowledge base to facilitate data‐driven discovery in geoscience
Authors: Ma Chao , Morrison Shaunna M. , Muscente A. Drew , Wang Chengbin , Ma Xiaogang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractData‐driven discovery in geoscience requires an enormous amount of FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable) data derived from a multitude of sources. Many geology resources include data based on the geologic time scale, a system of dating that relates layers of rock (strata) to times in Earth history. The terminology of this geologic time scale, including the names of the strata and time intervals, is heterogeneous across data resources, hindering effective and efficient data integration. To address that issue, we created a deep‐time knowledge base that consists of knowledge graphs correlating international and regional geologic time scales, an online service of the knowledge graphs, and an R package to access the service. The knowledge base uses temporal topology to enable comparison and reasoning between various intervals and points in the geologic time scale. This work unifies and allows the querying of age‐related geologic information across the entirety of Earth history, resulting in a platform from which researchers can address complex deep‐time questions spanning numerous types of data and fields of study.
Adipose lipolysis is important for ethanol to induce fatty liver in the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism murine model of chronic and binge ethanol feeding
Authors: Mathur Mallika , Yeh Yu‐Te , Arya Rakesh K. , Jiang Long , Pornour Majid , Chen Weiping , Ma Yinyan , Gao Bin , He Ling , Ying Zhekang , Xue Bingzhong , Shi Hang , Choi Youngshim , Yu Liqing 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:
Alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) pathologies include steatosis, inflammation, and injury, which may progress to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and cancer. The liver receives ~60% of fatty acids from adipose tissue triglyceride hydrolysis, but the role of this lipolytic pathway in ALD development has not been directly examined in any genetic animal models with selective inactivation of adipose lipolysis.

Approach and Results:
Using adipose‐specific comparative gene identification‐58 (CGI‐58) knockout (FAT‐KO) mice, a model of impaired adipose lipolysis, we show that mice deficient in adipose lipolysis are almost completely protected against ethanol‐induced hepatic steatosis and lipid peroxidation when subjected to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism chronic and binge ethanol feeding model. This is unlikely due to reduced lipid synthesis because this regimen of ethanol feeding down‐regulated hepatic expression of lipogenic genes similarly in both genotypes. In the pair‐fed group, FAT‐KO relative to control mice displayed increased hepatocyte injury, neutrophil infiltration, and activation of the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in the liver; and none of these were exacerbated by ethanol feeding. Activation of STAT3 is associated with a marked increase in hepatic leptin receptor mRNA expression and adipose inflammatory cell infiltration.

Conclusions:
Our findings establish a critical role of adipose lipolysis in driving hepatic steatosis and oxidative stress during ALD development.
Testing prosodic development with the Headturn Preference Procedure: A test‐retest reliability study
Authors: Marimon Mireia , Höhle Barbara 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Headturn Preference Procedure (HPP) is widely used in infant research. Previous studies have shown that speech perception measures obtained with HPP are related to later language skills which may make them a potential instrument for an early detection of developmental language risks. The present study assessed the reliability and stability of this measure by testing 6‐month‐old German‐learning infants with the HPP in three sessions each separated by 1 week. Significant correlations were found between the overall looking times across test sessions but not between the differences in looking times for different test conditions. The results underline limitations but also the potential of using early speech perception measures as diagnostic tools.
Infections in hematologic malignancy patients treated by CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell therapy
Authors: Zhou Linghui , Tan Su Yin Elaine , Zhao Houli , Ding Shuyi , Hu Yongxian , Huang He 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing use of chimeric antigen receptor‐T (CAR‐T) cell therapy has significantly improved the survival of hematologic malignancy patients, but CAR‐T cell treatment is also associated with increased risk of infection. Hence, understanding the characteristics of infection may improve disease prognosis. The data of post‐CAR‐T therapy infections were obtained from the VigiBase database. We identified a total of 554 infection reports (1001 infection events) involving CAR‐T therapy among the 3007 case reports. Infections occurred in 18.42% of cases reported in VigiBase with CAR‐T therapy and were most frequently occurred during the first month. Among cases reported in VigiBase, most of the infections were controllable, and only 4.4% of the cases were fatal. Bacteria (60.7%) and respiratory tract infection (50.9%) were the most common infection types. Compared with axicabtagene ciloleucel, infection in patients receiving tisagenlecleucel‐T therapy had a higher infection risk (ROR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.46–2.12, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, fungus infection and mixed infection had poorer prognoses than virus infection. Concerning the disease prognoses, fungal and mixed infection should be given more attention, and extensive prospective studies are much needed to verify these findings.
Deprescribing anticholinergics in primary care older adults: Experience from two models and impact on a continuous measure of exposure
Authors: Campbell Noll L. , Pitts Christopher , Corvari Claire , Kaehr Ellen , Alamer Khalid , Chand Parveen , Nanagas Kristine , Callahan Christopher M. , Boustani Malaz A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeprescribing interventions delivered through the electronic medical record have not significantly reduced the use of high‐risk anticholinergics in prior trials. Pharmacists have been identified as ideal practitioners to conduct deprescribing; however, little experience beyond collaborative consult models has been published.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of two pilot pharmacist‐based advanced practice models nested within primary care.MethodsPilot studies of a collaborative clinic‐based pharmacist deprescribing intervention and a telephone‐based pharmacist deprescribing intervention were conducted. Patients receiving the clinic‐based pharmacy model were aged 55 years and older and referred for deprescribing at a specialty clinic. Patients receiving the telephone‐based pharmacy model were aged 65 years and older and called by a clinical pharmacist for deprescribing without referral. Deprescribing was defined as a discontinuation or dose reduction reported either in clinical records or through self‐reporting.ResultsThe 18 patients receiving clinic‐based deprescribing had a mean age of 68 years and 78% were female. Among 24 medications deemed eligible for deprescribing, 23 (96%) were deprescribed. The clinic‐based deprescribing model resulted in a 93% reduction in median annualized total standardized dose (TSD), 56% lowered their annualized exposure below a cognitive risk threshold, and 4 (17%) of medications were represcribed within 6 months. The 24 patients receiving telephone‐based deprescribing had a mean age of 73 years and 92% were female. Among 24 medications deemed eligible for deprescribing, 12 (50%) were deprescribed. There was no change in the median annualized TSD, the annualized TSD was lowered below a cognitive risk threshold in 46%, and no medications were represcribed within 6 months. Few withdrawal symptoms or adverse events were reported in both groups.ConclusionsPharmacist‐based deprescribing successfully reduced exposure to high‐risk anticholinergics in primary care older adults, yet further work is needed to understand the impact on clinical outcomes.
Downregulation of miR‐34c‐5p alleviates chronic intermittent hypoxia‐induced myocardial damage by targeting sirtuin 1
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xie Bo , Tang Yanrong , Zhou Bo , Wang Qiong , Ge Qing , Zhou Yufei , Gu Tongqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNumerous microRNAs (miRs) are abnormally expressed in response to hypoxia‐induced myocardial damage. Herein, miR‐34c‐5p as a potential pharmaco‐target was investigated in a mouse model of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)‐induced myocardial damage. A mouse model of myocardial damage was established using CIH with 7% or 21% O2 alternating 60 s for 12 h/day, 21% O2 for 12 h/day. AntagomiR‐34c‐5p (20 nM/0.1 ml; once a week for 12 weeks) was used as a miR‐34c‐5p inhibitor in a mouse model with tail‐vein injection. In another experiment, mice were administrated with Sirt1 activator SRT1720 (50 mg/kg/day) by intraperitoneal injection. Gene Expression Omnibus database showed a significant upregulation of miR‐34c‐5p expression in the ischemic myocardium of male mice. In CIH‐stimulated mice, miR‐34c‐5p expression was also significantly increased compared with normal mice. Treatment of antagomiR‐34c‐5p significantly restrained CIH‐triggered myocardial apoptosis. After administration of antagomiR‐34c‐5p or Sirt1 activator SRT1720, cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress were attenuated in CIH‐stimulated mice. We also found sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) as a direct target of miR‐34c‐5p, which was able to mediate Sirt1 protein expression in cardiomyocytes. AntagomiR‐34c‐5p injection markedly elevated Sirt1 protein expression in CIH‐stimulated mice. AntagomiR‐34c‐5p or Sirt1 activator SRT1720 administration exhibited the antioxidative activity and cardioprotective roles in CIH‐stimulated mice.
Regular Turán numbers and some Gan–Loh–Sudakov‐type problems
Authors: Cambie Stijn , de Joannis de Verclos Rémi , Kang Ross J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMotivated by a Gan–Loh–Sudakov‐type problem, we introduce the regular Turán numbers, a natural variation on the classical Turán numbers where we restrict ourselves to the class of regular graphs. Among other results, we prove a striking supersaturation version of Mantel's theorem in the case of a regular host graph of odd order. We also characterize the graphs for which the regular Turán numbers behave classically or otherwise.
Characterization of different chitosanases of Bacillus strains and their application in chitooligosaccharides production
Authors: Liaqat Fakhra , Akgün İsmail Hakki , Khazi Mahammed Ilyas , Eltem Rengin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChitosanases are potential candidates for chitooligosaccharides (COS) production‐based industries, therefore, the discovery of chitosanases having commercial potential will remain a priority worldwide. This study aims to characterize different chitosanases of Bacillus strains for COS production. Six different indigenous Bacillus strains (B. cereus EGE‐B‐6.1m, B. cereus EGE‐B‐2.5m, B. cereus EGE‐B‐5.5m, B. cereus EGE‐B‐10.4i, B. thuringiensis EGE‐B‐3.5m, and B. mojavensis EGE‐B‐5.2i) were used to purify and characterize chitosanases. All purified chitosanases have a similar molecular weight (37 kDa) as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. However, other characteristics such as optimum temperature and pH, kinetic parameters (Km and Vmax), temperature, and pH stabilities were dissimilar among the strains of different Bacillus species and within the same species. Furthermore, chitosanases of all strains were able to successfully hydrolyze chitosan to COS and oligomers of the degree of polymerization 2–6 were detected with chitobiose and chitotriose as major hydrolysis products. The relative yields of COS were in a range of 19%–31% and chitosanase of B. thuringiensis EGE‐B‐3.5m turned out to be the best enzyme in terms of its characteristics and COS production potential with maximum relative yield (31%). Results revealed that Bacillus chitosanases could be used directly for efficient bioconversion of chitosan into COS and will be valuable for large‐scale production of biologically active COS.
Late Holocene interaction of natural processes and human activity at two archaeological sites in the Ten Thousand Islands area of southwest Florida, USA
Authors: Parkinson Randall W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPalaeoenvironmental analysis of Late Holocene stratigraphic sequences recovered from two southwest Florida archaeological sites reveal a synchronous evolution of events caused by natural processes (e.g. sea‐level rise) and human activity (e.g. construction of shell works). Basal mangrove peats indicate that a transition from a terrestrial to coastal landscape started ~4000 cal bp in conjunction with the Late Holocene sea‐level rise. Continued sea‐level rise ultimately submerged the area to create estuarine conditions. Commensurate with submergence was the construction of relatively large (0.5 to 1.0 km2) shell mounds from 1500 to 1050 cal
bp. These activities started in the estuarine environment and over time produced emergent landscape features with significant local relief (>7 m). The overlap in radiocarbon ages of oysters collected from the estuarine interval and the overlying shell mounds suggests construction material was locally harvested. About 1120 cal
bp and during the waning of an indigenous presence in the area, red mangrove forests re‐emerged along the margins of each site and within the adjacent estuary to create an expansive mangrove‐dominated landscape within which both shell works are now embedded. This palaeoenvironmental reconstruction contradicts the prevailing notion that the two sites were purposely constructed on the mainland and adjacent to tidally influenced rivulets.
Machine Learning in Diagnosing Middle Ear Disorders Using Tympanic Membrane Images: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cao Zuwei , Chen Feifan , Grais Emad M. , Yue Fengjuan , Cai Yuexin , Swanepoel De Wet , Zhao Fei 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the development of Machine Learning (ML) models and compare their diagnostic accuracy for the classification of Middle Ear Disorders (MED) using Tympanic Membrane (TM) images.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL were searched up until November 30, 2021. Studies on the development of ML approaches for diagnosing MED using TM images were selected according to the inclusion criteria. PRISMA guidelines were followed with study design, analysis method, and outcomes extracted. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were used to summarize the performance metrics of the meta‐analysis. Risk of Bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool in combination with the Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool.ResultsSixteen studies were included, encompassing 20254 TM images (7025 normal TM and 13229 MED). The sample size ranged from 45 to 6066 per study. The accuracy of the 25 included ML approaches ranged from 76.00% to 98.26%. Eleven studies (68.8%) were rated as having a low risk of bias, with the reference standard as the major domain of high risk of bias (37.5%). Sensitivity and specificity were 93% (95% CI, 90%–95%) and 85% (95% CI, 82%–88%), respectively. The AUC of total TM images was 94% (95% CI, 91%–96%). The greater AUC was found using otoendoscopic images than otoscopic images.ConclusionsML approaches perform robustly in distinguishing between normal ears and MED, however, it is proposed that a standardized TM image acquisition and annotation protocol should be developed.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 133:732–741, 2023