bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive adjusted outcome data are needed to assess the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients with COVID‐19: Results of a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Minkove Samuel J. , Sun Junfeng , Li Yan , Cui Xizhong , Cooper Diane , Eichacker Peter Q. , Torabi‐Parizi Parizad 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDetermining how prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy influences outcomes in cancer patients presenting with COVID‐19 is essential for patient management but must account for confounding variables.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies reporting adjusted effects of ICIs on survival, severe events, or hospitalisation in cancer patients with COVID‐19 based on variables including age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension (HTN), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other comorbidities. When adjusted effects were unavailable, unadjusted data were analysed.ResultsOf 42 observational studies (38 retrospective), 7 reported adjusted outcomes for ICIs and 2 provided sufficient individual patient data to calculate adjusted outcomes. In eight studies, adjusted outcomes were based on ≤7 variables. Over all studies, only one included >100 ICI patients while 26 included <10. ICIs did not alter the odds ratio (95%CI) (OR) of death significantly (random effects model), across adjusted (n = 8) [1.31 (0.58–2.95) p = 0.46; I2 = 42%, p = 0.10], unadjusted (n = 30) [1.06 (0.85–1.32) p = 0.58; I2 = 0%, p = 0.76] or combined [1.09 (0.88;1.36) p = 0.41; I2 = 0%, p = 0.5)] studies. Similarly, ICIs did not alter severe events significantly across adjusted (n = 5) [1.20 (0.30–4.74) p = 0.73; I2 = 52%, p = 0.08], unadjusted (n = 19) [(1.23 (0.87–1.75) p = 0.23; I2 = 16%, p = 0.26] or combined [1.26 (0.90–1.77) p = 0.16; I2 = 25%, p = 0.14] studies. Two studies provided adjusted hospitalisation data and when combined with 13 unadjusted studies, ICIs did not alter hospitalisation significantly [1.19 (0.85–1.68) p = 029; I2 = 5%, p = 0.40]. Results of sensitivity analyses examining ICI effects based on 5 variables were inconclusive. Certainty of evidence was very low.ConclusionsAcross studies with adjusted and unadjusted results, ICIs did not alter outcomes significantly. But studies with comprehensive adjusted outcome data controlling for confounding variables are necessary to determine whether ICIs impact COVID‐19 outcomes in cancer patients.
Comparative Study for Removal of Murexide Dye by Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation Using Nosean Synthesised from Coal Fly Ash
Authors: Kankrej Sanjay R. , Kulkarni Mayuri S. , Borhade Ashok V. , Patil Rajendra P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlumino‐silicate sulphate sodalite (Nosean), Na8 [AlSiO4]6(SO4)7H2O, was first time successfully synthesized from waste coal fly ash by alkali fusion followed by hydrothermal method. This synthesized Nosean was characterised by FT‐IR, XRD, TGA/DTA, MAS‐NMR, SEM, TEM and BET surface analysis. This paper first time reports the possibility of competitive removal efficiency of Murexide dye (MD) by adsorption and photocatalytic degradation using Nosean. The removal of Murexide dye by adsorption onto Nosean was tested by applying Langmuir's and Freundlich adsorption isotherm along with evaluating the kinetic parameters. Nosean was successfully used for photocatalytic degradation of MD under UV‐Visible light irradiation. The degradation mechanism for MD was established by HPLC‐MS technique and shows various degradation products. Further the recyclability of the photocatalyst, Nosean, was studied up to five runs.
Stabilized High‐Membered and Phase‐Pure 2D All Inorganic Ruddlesden–Popper Halide Perovskites Nanocrystals as Photocatalysts for the CO2 Reduction Reaction
Authors: Lin Cheng‐Chieh , Li Jia‐Ying , She Nian‐Zu , Huang Shao‐Ku , Huang Chih‐Ying , Wang I‐Ta , Tsai Fu‐Li , Wei Chuan‐Yu , Lee Ting‐Yi , Wang Di‐Yan , Wen Cheng‐Yen , Li Shao‐Sian , Yabushita Atsushi , Luo Chih‐Wei , Chen Chia‐Chun , Chen Chun‐Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn contrast to the 2D organic‐inorganic hybrid Ruddlesden–Popper halide perovskites (RPP), a new class of 2D all inorganic RPP (IRPP) has been recently proposed by substituting the organic spacers with an optimal inorganic alternative of cesium cations (Cs+). Nevertheless, the synthesis of high‐membered 2D IRPPs (n > 1) has been a very challenging task because the Cs+ need to act as both spacers and A‐site cations simultaneously. This work presents the successful synthesis of stable phase‐pure high‐membered 2D IRPPs of Csn+1PbnBr3n+1 nanosheets (NSs) with n = 3 and 4 by employing the strategy of using additional strong binding bidentate ligands. The structures of the 2D IRPPs (n = 3 and 4) NSs are confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction and high‐resolution aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscope measurements. These 2D IRPPs NSs exhibit a strong quantum confinement effect with tunable absorption and emission in the visible light range by varying their n values, attributed to their inherent 2D quantum‐well structure. The superior structural and optical stability of the phase‐pure high‐membered 2D IRPPs make them a promising candidate as photocatalysts in CO2 reduction reactions with outstanding photocatalytic performance and long‐term stability.
Robust, Ultrasmooth Fluorinated Lithium Metal Interphase Feasible via Lithiophilic Graphene Quantum Dots for Dendrite‐Less Batteries
Authors: Senthil Chenrayan , Kim Seung Gyu , Kim Sun‐Sik , Hahm Myung Gwan , Jung Hyun Young 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDendrite growth and in‐homogeneous solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) buildup of Li metal anodes hinder the longtime discharge–charge cycling and safety in secondary metal batteries. Here, the authors report an in‐situ restructured artificial lithium/electrolyte SEI exposing an ultrasmooth and thin layer mediated through graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The reformed artificial interphase comprises a mixture of organic/inorganic‐rich compositions alike as mosaic interphase, albeit the synergistic effect mediated via hydroxylated GQDs involving redeposition‐borne lithium, and its accumulated salts, facilitate a homogeneous and ultrasmooth near fluorine‐rich interfacial environment ensuring a facile lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) diffusion and dendritic‐free nature. As a result, symmetrical graphene dots‐lithium cells enable a dendrite‐less operation up to 2000 h with good cycling stability and capacity retention at current densities 1 and 5 mA cm−2 compared to bare lithium. The well‐established fluorinated interface engenders a high reversible capacity and stable performance during the initial and long‐term cycles upon configuring in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) cells. Thus, the authors’ work illuminates the direction toward achieving dendritic‐free smooth and robust metal anodes through manipulating and restructuring the critical SEI chemical components.
Achieving High Stability and Performance in P2‐Type Mn‐Based Layered Oxides with Tetravalent Cations for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Vanaphuti Panawan , Yao Zeyi , Liu Yangtao , Lin Yulin , Wen Jianguo , Yang Zhenzhen , Feng Zimin , Ma Xiaotu , Zauha Anna C. , Wang Yan , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractP2‐type sodium‐manganese‐based layered cathodes, owing to their high capacity from both cationic and anionic redox, are a potential candidate for Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) to replace Li‐ion technology in certain applications. Still, the structure instability originating from irreversible oxygen redox at high voltage remains a challenge. Here, a high sustainability cobalt‐free P2‐Na0.72Mn0.75Li0.24X0.01O2 (X = Ti/Si) cathode is developed. The outstanding capacity retention and voltage retention after 150 cycles are obtained in half‐cells. The finding shows that Ti localizes on the surface while Si diffuses to the bulk of the particles. Thus, Ti can act as a protective layer that alleviates side reactions in carbonate‐based electrolyte. Meanwhile, Si can regulate the local electronic structure and suppress oxygen redox activities. Notably, full‐cells with hard carbon (≈300–335 W h kg−1 based on the cathode mass) deliver the capacity retention of 83% for P2‐Na0.72Mn0.75Li0.24Si0.01O2 and 66% for P2‐Na0.72Mn0.75Li0.24Ti0.01O2 after 500 cycles; this electrochemical stability is the best compared to other reported cathodes based on oxygen redox at present. The superior cycle performance also stems from the ability to inhibit microcracking and planar gliding within the particles. Altogether, this finding offers a new composition for developing high‐performance low‐cost cathodes for NIBs and highlights the unique role of Ti/Si ions.
Use of AD Informer Set compounds to explore validity of novel targets in Alzheimer's disease pathology
Authors: Potjewyd Frances M. , Annor‐Gyamfi Joel K. , Aubé Jeffrey , Chu Shaoyou , Conlon Ivie L. , Frankowski Kevin J. , Guduru Shiva K. R. , Hardy Brian P. , Hopkins Megan D. , Kinoshita Chizuru , Kireev Dmitri B. , Mason Emily R. , Moerk Charles T. , Nwogbo Felix , Pearce Kenneth H. , Richardson Timothy I. , Rogers David A. , Soni Disha M. , Stashko Michael , Wang Xiaodong , Wells Carrow , Willson Timothy M. , Frye Stephen V. , Young Jessica E. , Axtman Alison D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionA chemogenomic set of small molecules with annotated activities and implicated roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) called the AD Informer Set was recently developed and made available to the AD research community: https://treatad.org/data‐tools/ad‐informer‐set/.MethodsSmall subsets of AD Informer Set compounds were selected for AD‐relevant profiling. Nine compounds targeting proteins expressed by six AD‐implicated genes prioritized for study by Target Enablement to Accelerate Therapy Development for Alzheimer's Disease (TREAT‐AD) teams were selected for G‐protein coupled receptor (GPCR), amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau, and pharmacokinetic (PK) studies. Four non‐overlapping compounds were analyzed in microglial cytotoxicity and phagocytosis assays.ResultsThe nine compounds targeting CAPN2, EPHX2, MDK, MerTK/FLT3, or SYK proteins were profiled in 46 to 47 primary GPCR binding assays. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived neurons were treated with the same nine compounds and secretion of Aβ peptides (Aβ40 and Aβ42) as well as levels of phosphophorylated tau (p‐tau, Thr231) and total tau (t‐tau) peptides measured at two concentrations and two timepoints. Finally, CD1 mice were dosed intravenously to determine preliminary PK and/or brain‐specific penetrance values for these compounds. As a final cell‐based study, a non‐overlapping subset of four compounds was selected based on single‐concentration screening for analysis of both cytotoxicity and phagocytosis in murine and human microglia cells.DiscussionWe have demonstrated the utility of the AD Informer Set in the validation of novel AD hypotheses using biochemical, cellular (primary and immortalized), and in vivo studies. The selectivity for their primary targets versus essential GPCRs in the brain was established for our compounds. Statistical changes in tau, p‐tau, Aβ40, and/or Aβ42 and blood–brain barrier penetrance were observed, solidifying the utility of specific compounds for AD. Single‐concentration phagocytosis results were validated as predictive of dose–response findings. These studies established workflows, validated assays, and illuminated next steps for protein targets and compounds.
The role of public administrations in promoting open municipal markets
Authors: Fava Nadia , Carrasco i Bonet Marta , Garrido i Puig Romà 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAgroecological transitions require steps to be taken to shorten food circuits that prioritize local food markets and their social dimension. Such a measure would include open municipal markets (OMMs) because of their role in promoting the social nature of the agroecological transitions. In rural areas, OMMs managed by public administrations are facing a major crisis. This paper aims to decipher the claims of the actors involved in the OMM crisis and to focus on strategies that could be taken by municipalities. Semistructured questionnaires, direct observations, and participative workshops with stallholders, consumers, local producers, and the researchers of the university were used to analyze social relationships within the framework of OMMs in the Province of Girona, Catalonia. The actors revealed a lack of connection between collectives and within the same group of stallholders. The absence of shared aspirations, along with the scant interest of public bodies in investing in the markets or recognizing their economic and social role, have all contributed to the current decline in OMMs. Open municipal markets are an active asset that are at risk of being abandoned in remote rural areas. If the actors in the market could collaborate, this would help to encourage the local economy and community cohesion and to actively promote the social dimension of the agroecological transitions.
Repetitive model predictive control for load alleviation on a research wind turbine using trailing edge flaps
Authors: Bartholomay Sirko , Krumbein Sascha , Deichmann Victoria , Gentsch Maik , Perez‐Becker Sebastian , Soto‐Valle Rodrigo , Holst David , Nayeri Christian N. , Paschereit Christian O. , Oberleithner Kilian 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThis paper presents the results of an advanced control strategy that employs active trailing edge flaps to reduce the fatigue loads of an experimental wind turbine. The strategy, called repetitive model predictive control, is a multiple‐input multiple‐output controller that aims at the alleviation of out‐of‐plane blade root bending moments. The strategy incorporates the control commands, output errors, and state deviation from the previous rotation. This way, the time lag in the strain sensor input due to the blade inertia is compensated. Additionally, a strategy to limit the computational costs is presented. The load alleviation performance is evaluated at different yaw cases and compared with different individual flap control strategies. The repetitive model predictive control is able to reduce the fatigue loads by up to 23% compared with the better performing individual flap control strategy. This improvement in load reduction is accompanied by an increase in flap travel of up to 7% compared with the individual flap control strategies.
Yoga and Meditation for Self-Empowered Behavior and Quality of Life
Authors: Kristahn Gerlinde 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSimilar to the concept of general well-being for individuals and societies, researchers have proposed various approaches to the concepts of personal beliefs and quality of life (QoL). In this chapter, QoL is discussed from an individual, subjective, cognitive and behavioral perspective with a focus on personal beliefs. More specifically, we present stress management as an endeavor in which yoga and personal beliefs can be applied to improve QoL. Stress management is recognized as a major health factor influencing an individual’s QoL. Empowered behavior to manage stress is discussed using a four-step model (involving thoughts, beliefs, emotions and behavior), that describes how human behavior is shaped by habits formed through individual experiences that unconsciously influence one’s thoughts, belief systems and emotions. Interventions such as yoga and meditation lead practitioners to question and alter thoughts in ways that can lead to improvements in QoL. Studies have indicated that when yoga and meditation are practiced regularly, the body implements stress-reducing processes automatically and unconsciously when a stressful situation arises. Therefore, this chapter contributes to the literature by demonstrating how yoga and meditation intervene in the mechanisms by which thoughts, beliefs and feelings shape behavior, as have been detailed in recent studies. In addition to the implementation of yoga and meditation, the possible use of technology and other tools for the quantitative assessment of states as a means of facilitating self-empowered behavior is discussed.
Supertranslation-invariant dressed Lorentz charges
Authors: Javadinezhad Reza , Kol Uri , Porrati Massimo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe present an explicit formula for Lorentz boosts and rotations that commute with BMS supertranslations in asymptotically flat spacetimes. Key to the construction is the use of infrared regularizations and of a unitary transformation that makes observables commute with the soft degrees of freedom. We explicitly verify that our charges satisfy the Lorentz algebra and we check that they are consistent with expectations by evaluating them on the supertranslated Minkowski space and on the boosted Kerr black hole.
Partition functions and entanglement entropy: Weyl graviton and conformal higher spin fields
Authors: Mukherjee Jyotirmoy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We establish the relation of partition functions of conformal higher spin fields on Weyl equivalent spaces in d = 4 dimension. We express the partition function of Weyl graviton and conformal higher spin fields as an integral over characters on S1× AdS3, S4, and AdS4. We observe that the partition function of conformal higher spins on hyperbolic cylinders differs from the partition function on S4 by the ‘edge’ contribution. The logarithmic coefficient obtained from the character integral of the partition function of conformal higher spins on AdS4 is the half of that obtained from the partition function on S4. We evaluate the entanglement entropy and the conformal dimension of the twist operator from the partition function on the hyperbolic cylinder. The conformal dimension of the co-dimension two twist operator enables us to find a linear relation between Hofman-Maldacena variables which we use to show the non-unitarity of the theory. We observe that the spectrum of the quasinormal modes of conformal higher spins obtained from the bulk character contains additional distinct states compared to the spectrum of unitary massless higher spin fields.
String stars in anti de Sitter space
Authors: Urbach Erez Y. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the ‘string star’ saddle, also known as the Horowitz-Polchinski solution, in the middle of d + 1 dimensional thermal AdS space. We show that there’s a regime of temperatures in which the saddle is very similar to the flat space solution found by Horowitz and Polchinski. This saddle is hypothetically connected at lower temperatures to the small AdS black hole saddle. We also study, numerically and analytically, how the solutions are changed due to the AdS geometry for higher temperatures. Specifically, we describe how the solution joins with the thermal gas phase, and find the leading correction to the Hagedorn temperature due to the AdS curvature. Finally, we study the thermodynamic instabilities of the solution and argue for a Gregory-Laflamme-like instability whenever extra dimensions are present at the AdS curvature scale.
Form follows function in a hyperboloidical cooling Tower
Authors: Bernardello Rachele Angela , Borin Paolo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes a computational method to study and test the relationship between shape and performance for the built environment, sustaining the use of smart geometry to support design operation. A comprehensive study of the geometry and working principles of a hyperboloidical cooling tower is presented. A case study in Marghera (Venice), built in 1938 is explored. Thanks to knowledge in descriptive geometry and mathematics, scripting procedures, digital survey, Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis, the paper demonstrates how hyperboloidical cooling towers represent a reference in shape optimization. Varying the fundamental parameter of the shape, reducing the throat diameter, the simulation shows the enhanced efficiency of the tower in terms of velocity and temperature. Consequently, the proposed method may be applied to other surfaces and structures.
First-line Double Stentriever Thrombectomy for M1/TICA Occlusions
Authors: Vega Pedro , Murias Eduardo , Jimenez Jose Maria , Chaviano Juan , Rodriguez Jose , Calleja Sergio , Delgado Montserrat , Benavente Lorena , Castañon Maria , Puig Josep , Cigarran Helena , Arias Faustino , Chapot Rene 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Mechanical thrombectomy is the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion; however, mechanical thrombectomy fails to achieve adequate recanalization in nearly one third of these cases. Rescue therapy using two stentrievers simultaneously yields good results in clots refractory to single stentriever treatment. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of first-line double stentriever thrombectomy for acute occlusion of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and/or terminal internal carotid artery (TICA).

Methods
This single-center study prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with a single M1/TICA occlusion to undergo double stentriever thrombectomy between May and October 2020. Outcomes included successful recanalization (modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction, TICI 2b/3), first-pass effect, procedure times, number of device passes, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score (NIHSS) at discharge, 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin scale 0–2), and 90-day mortality.

Results
We analyzed 39 patients median age 79 years (range 42–96 years); 23 (58.9%) female; 19 (48.7%) with TICA occlusions; 5 (12.8%) with mRS 3–5 at admission; mean NIHSS at admission, 17 ± 4.39). Mean time from symptom onset to final angiogram was 238.0 ± 94.6 min; mean intervention duration was 36.0 ± 24.2 min. The mean number of device passes was 1.5 ± 1.07. All patients had final TICI 2b/3, and 27 (69%) had TICI 2c/3 after the first pass. We observed 3 (7.9%) cases of intracerebral symptomatic hemorrhages. At 90 days, 16 (41%) patients were functionally independent and 9 (23%) had died. The percentage of patients with good clinical outcome at 90 days was 55.5% in the first-pass subgroup.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that first-line double stentriever thrombectomy is safe and effective for M1/TICA occlusions.
A Class of Variational–Hemivariational Inequalities for Bingham Type Fluids
Authors: Migórski Stanisław , Dudek Sylwia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper we investigate a new class of elliptic variational–hemivariational inequalities without the relaxed monotonicity condition of the generalized subgradient. The inequality describes the mathematical model of the steady state flow of incompressible fluid of Bingham type in a bounded domain. The boundary condition represents a generalization of the no leak condition, and a multivalued and nonmonotone version of a nonlinear Navier–Fujita frictional slip condition. The analysis provides results on existence of solution to a variational–hemivariational inequality, continuous dependence of the solution on the data, existence of solutions to optimal control problems, and the dependence of the solution on the yield limit. The proofs profit from results of nonsmooth analysis and the theory of multivalued pseudomontone operators.