bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Benson Relaxation On Pain in Post Major Surgery Patients
Authors: Kaparang Alivia Mona , Manengkey Angela Vira , Damar Apriliane Akiko , Watania Lani Natalia , Diannita Catharina Guinda 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT In the United States >80% of postoperative patients experience pain but only 30-50% receive effective treatment. Effective postoperative pain management requires other therapy than pharmacology with minimal side effects such as Benson relaxation. Benson relaxation is a deep breathing relaxation method involving belief factors that are effective in reducing postoperative pain To determine the effect of Benson's relaxation on pain in post-major surgery patients. This literature review uses the thematic analysis method: a simplified approach with publications for 2012-2022 using databases: Google Scholar, MEDLINE, JSTOR. The selection of articles used a modified PRISMA flow diagram. Analysis of article eligibility uses JBI Critical appraisal Checklist tools for RCT and Quasi-Experiment. The findings of 11 articles showed that Benson relaxation combined with pharmacological therapy was proven to be effective in reducing post-major surgery pain in terms of the time of administration, procedure, and mechanism. Benson relaxation also has other benefits such as controlling physical and psychological stress. Benson relaxation has been shown to have an effect on reducing pain in post-major surgery patients. Thus, Benson relaxation can be used as an option for independent non- pharmacological interventions in the management of post-major surgery pain. Keywords : Benson relaxation, Post major surgery, Pain ABSTRAK Nyeri pasca bedah dirasakan oleh >80% pasien di Amerika, akan tetapi perawatan nyeri yang efektif hanya terjadi sekitar 30-50%. Manajemen nyeri pasca bedah yang efektif membutuhkan terapi selain farmakologi dengan efek samping minimal seperti relaksasi benson. Relaksasi benson adalah metode relaksasi nafas dalam dengan melibatkan faktor keyakinan yang efektif mengurangi nyeri pada pasien pasca bedah Untuk mengetahui pengaruh relaksasi benson terhadap nyeri pada pasien pasca bedah mayor. Kajian literatur ini menggunakan thematic analysis method: a simplified approach dengan publikasi tahun 2012-2022 menggunakan databases: Google Scholar, MEDLINE, JSTOR. Analisis artikel menggunakan modifikasi flow diagram PRISMA. Kelayakan artikel diuji dengan JBI Critical appraisal Checklist tools for RCT and Quasi-Experiment. Temuan kajian literatur dari 11 artikel menunjukkan relaksasi benson yang dikombinasikan dengan terapi farmakologi terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri pada pasien pasca bedah mayor ditinjau dari waktu pemberian, prosedur dan mekanisme. Relaksasi benson juga memiliki manfaat lain seperti mengontrol stres fisik dan juga psikologi. Relaksasi benson telah terbukti memberi pengaruh terhadap penurunan nyeri pasien pasca bedah mayor. Sehingga, relaksasi benson dapat dijadikan salah satu pilihan intervensi mandiri non-farmakologi dalam penanganan nyeri pasca bedah mayor Kata kunci: Relaksasi Benson, Pasca Bedah Mayor, Nyeri
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Covid-19, Motivasi, dan Dukungan Sosialterhadap Komitmen Kader Lansia dalam Melaksanakan Tugas di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Prabasari Ninda Ayu , Juwita Linda 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT Cadres are needed to help the elderly deal with health problems. Knowledge and motivation make cadres become active in carrying out their duties, social support received by cadres can provide reinforcement to the role of cadres in carrying out their duties and will create work stability. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of Covid-19 knowledge, motivation, and social support on the commitment of elderly cadres in service. This type of analytic observational research uses a cross-sectional design, the population is 80 respondents who are all cadres in the working area of the Kenjeran Public Health Center. The sample is 62 respondents, using purposive sampling. Collecting data using a valid and reliable questionnaire of knowledge, motivation, social support, and commitment. Data analysis used ordinal regression. The majority of respondents have sufficient knowledge 53%; moderate to high motivation @ 50%, high social support 65% and moderate commitment 56%. Motivation significantly affects cadre commitment (pseudo R2 0.455; p= 0.010). Knowledge and support do not affect cadre commitment (p >α). motivation affects cadre commitment, but knowledge and social support do not have a significant effect. Keywords: Knowledge of Covid 19, Motivation, Social Support, Commitment, Cadres ABSTRAK Kader diperlukan membantu lanjut usia menghadapi masalah kesehatan. Pengetahuan dan motivasi membuat kader menjadi aktif dalam melaksanakan tugas, dukungan sosial yang diterima kader dapat memberikan penguatan terhadap peran kader dalam melaksanakan tugas akan mewujudkan kemantapan kerja. Tujuan penelitian yaitu menganalisis pengaruh pengetahuan Covid-19, motivasi, dukungan sosial terhadap komitmen kader lansia dalam pelayanan. Jenis penelitian observasinal analitik menggunakan desain cross sectional, populasi berjumlah 80 responden yang merupakan seluruh kader di wilayah kerja puskesmas kenjeran. Sampel berjumlah 62 responden, dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan, motivasi, dukungan sosial dan komitmen yang valid dan reliabel. Analisis data menggunakan regresi ordinal. Mayoritas responden memiliki Pengetahuan cukup 53%; motivasi sedang hingga tinggi @ 50%, dukungan sosial tinggi 65% dan komitmen sedang 56%. Motivasi mempengaruhi komitmen kader secara signifikan (pseudo R2 0.455; p= 0.010). Pengetahuan dan dukungan tidak mempengaruhi terhadap komitmen kader (p >α). motivasi mempengaruhi komitmen kader, tetapi pengetahuan dan dukungan sosial tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan Covid 19, Motivasi, Dukungan Sosial, Komitmen, Kader
SECURITIZATION OF AUSTRALIA’S MIGRATION ISSUES DURING SCOTT MORRISON’S LEADERSHIP ERA
Authors: Sabrina Ayu , Susiatiningsih Hermini , Wahyudi Fendy Eko 
Published: September 2022

<div><p class="Els-history-head">In the last two decades, the Australian Government has intensified the practice of securitizing migration issues. The difference is that the pre-Scott Morrison migration securitization program was more focused on handling cases of Illegal Maritime Arrivals, while the core of Scott Morrison's migration program was to reduce the pressure on the immigrant population. Through the discourse of Planning for Australia's Future Population, Scott Morrison cut the quota of permanent immigrants from 190,000 to 160,000 people. Scott Morrison also implemented immigration transfer policies and migration reforms. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the process of framing the issue of Australian immigrants under the leadership of Scott Morrison. This research uses securitization theory and qualitative methods, particularly process-tracing. As a result, this research found that Scott Morrison, as the securitization actor, intentionally created a speech act and convinced the public that the referent object, namely Australia's national security, was in a threatening situation due to the surge in the immigrant population. Functional actors, including parliament, media, and epistemic groups, reinforced Scott Morrison's speech acts. </p></div>
STRATEGY TO REACTIVATE THE EXISTING ATAPUPU FISH AUCTION FACILITY FOR FOOD SECURITY IN THE BELU DISTRICT
Authors: Dwi Putra Rivaldi Ananda , Saputri Rizki Ananda , Lopes Martina Mendonca , Surianingsih Ketut Epi 
Published: September 2022

<div><p class="Els-history-head">Atapupu Fish Auction Facility (Tempat Pelengan Ikan or TPI) is a place used for fish landing, whether there is a building for mooring (pier) in that place, a sale of fish/sea products, whether by auction or not. TPI Atapupu has an impact on supervision and facilities for fishery resources so that they can be useful as food ingredients in Belu Regency. Currently, the TPI Atapupu has not been operating due to various obstacles since 2007. Therefore, this study aims to determine the reactivation strategy of TPI Atapupu for food security in the Belu Regency. The qualitative approach in this study explains the appropriate ends, means, and ways strategies in the reactivation of TPI Atapupu. Strategy development is based on an analysis of the relationship between TPI Atapupu and food security and the operational constraints of TPI Atatpupu. Food security is the fulfillment of food needs for households which is reflected in the availability of sufficient food, both in quantity and quality, evenly distributed, and affordable. The role of TPI in food security is to be able to provide a sufficient quantity of food; maintain food quality starting from quality, safety, and guaranteed nutrition; and the fulfillment of food needs for the people of Belu Regency. The implementation of the TPI Atapupu reactivation strategy for Food security in the Belu Regency is beneficial for policymakers so that later it can become a guideline in policy making. </p></div>
The relationship between mean platelet volume and dyslipidaemia in patients with metabolic syndrome and newly detected diabetes mellitus
Authors: Anar Fouzia , Amin Mohammod Feroz , Pathan Md Faruque , Afsana Faria 
Published: September 2022

Background: High mean platelet volume (MPV) is considered as one of the most emerging cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to find association between MPV and dyslipidaemia in both newly detected diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from July to December 2019, at BIRDEM General Hospital and total 115 patients were enrolled in the study. Newly detected diabetes mellitus patients (n=50) were considered in one group, whereas patients with metabolic syndrome (n=65) were in another group. Detailed history, clinical examination and biochemical parameters of the two groups were recorded. MPV was compared between the two groups and also correlated with the components of the metabolic syndrome separately.
Results: Mean age of patients with metabolic syndrome and newly detected diabetes mellitus were 48.65±15.09 and 38.12±16.53 years respectively. Male were predominant in diabetic group (62%) but in metabolic syndrome group female were predominant (57%). MPV was higher in patients with metabolic syndrome (12.06±1.19 fl) than those of newly detected diabetes mellitus (10.51±1.19 fl) and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.000). Total cholesterol (213.18±82 mg/dl) and triglyceride (410.71±416.79mg/dl) in metabolic syndrome were higher than that of diabetes group (total cholesterol-156.62±49.29, triglyceride-191.10±176.18) and this was significant statistically (p=0.000, p=0.001 respectively). Positive correlation was found between MPV and total cholesterol (p=0.002) and triglyceride level (p=0 .000) in metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: Higher value of MPV was observed in patients with metabolic syndrome. Hypercholetserolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia was also significantly associated with high MPV.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 182-187
Outcome of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with different chemotherapeutic regimens (R-DA-EPOCH vs R-CHOP)
Authors: Rahman Tanbin , Akter Mafruha , Ara Tasneem , Biswas Akhil Ranjan , Kabir Alamgir , Khan Mohiuddin Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancy of large B lymphocytes with a diffuse growth pattern. It is the most common type of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), making up to 30-40% of NHL. Although DLBCL is potentially curable, it remains a challenging lymphoma to manage because of the biological and clinical heterogeneity of the disease.Aim of the study was to compare the outcome of different chemotherapeutic regimens in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted at Department ofHematology,Dhaka Medical College Hospital(DMCH) from January 2018 to June 2019 including nineteen newly diagnosed DLBCL with stage I to IV A/B cases. Protocol was approved by ethical review committee (ERC) of DMCH. Patients aged e”18 years and < 65 years were enrolled for this study and were divided into two groups as arm A treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (R-CHOP) (10 cases) and arm B treated with rituximab plus dose adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (R-DA-EPOCH)(9 cases).
Results: Mean age of all patients was 41 years (range 16 to 60 years). Majority (69%) of the patients were below 50 years of age and M: F ratio was 2:1.Seventy percent of patients had Ann Arbor stage III or IV disease in R-CHOP arm and 67% in R-DA-EPOCH arm although international prognostic index (IPI) score was variable (0-4). Raised serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was observed in 70% and 89% of R-CHOP and R-DA-EPOCH arms respectively. Almost 50% of patients were germinal-center B-cell-like (GCB) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in each arm.In arm A, out of ten patients, five (50%) achieved complete remission (CR), one (10%) achieved partial response(PR), three (30%) had progressive disease (PD) and overall response (OR) rate was 60%. In arm B, out of nine patients, five (56%) achieved CR, two (22%) had progressive disease (PD) and two (22%) patients died. In subgroup analysis of outcome of GCB group, there was equal CR rate in both arms(60%, p=0.57), whereas in non-GCB arm, CR was found 40% vs. 50% in R-CHOP vs. R-DA-EPOCH arm respectively (p=0.89).
Conclusion: From the result of this study it can be concluded that, there was no statistically significant difference in respect of outcome of chemotherapy among patients treated with R-DA-EPOCH and R-CHOP.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 188-194
Antimicrobial activity of Lannea coromandelica bark extracts against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Ferdous Rabeya Nahar , Nebir Sadman Sakib , Das Pranta Kumar , Prova Afsana Helal , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Haque Khan Md Shahinul , Rokeya Begum , Haque Asna Shah Md Zahurul 
Published: September 2022

Background: In healthcare facilities, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has long been a common pathogen. Indiscriminate and incomplete uses of antibiotics are creating MRSA more alarming day by day.This study aims to determine the antimicrobial activity of Lannea coromandelica (Jhika or Indian ash tree) bark extract against MRSA.
Methods: This experimental study was carried out in Department of Microbiology and Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, from January to July, 2021. In this study, a bark extract of Lannea coromandelica was prepared by macerating dried powder of the bark of the Jhika or Indian ash tree. Then bark extract was immersed in methanol, ethanol, and water for 48-72 hours, followed by solvent filtering and evaporation. MRSA were identified by biochemical test and then Kibry-Bauer disc diffusion method employed against MRSA isolates using commonly used antibiotics.Then the antibacterial activity of Lannea coromandelica extracts against MRSA was monitored. The microdilution method was used to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of bark extracts. Finally, phytochemical screening was carried out only for methanolic extract.
Results: All MRSA isolates were completely resistant to cefoxitin, oxacillin, gentamicin followed by tetracycline. Methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Lannea coromandelica produce maximum zones of inhibition of 14 mm, 13 mm, and 12 mm, respectively, with MIC and MBC values ranging from 3.125 mg/ml to 12.5 mg/ml against MRSA. Phytochemical screening of methanolic extract determined the presence of tannin, saponin, flavonoid, phenol which may be the cause of the highest zone of inhibition against MRSA.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that methanol, ethanol and aqueous bark extract of Lannea coromandelica exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against MRSA by disc diffusion method and detailed pharmacological screening should be carried out for the exploration of effective and natural drugs.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 201-206
Hypomagnesaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance and its correlation with glycemic control: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Mahin Tasnova , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Haque Wasim Md Mohosinul , Qader Md Abdul , Faria Labeeba 
Published: September 2022

Background: Hypomagnesaemia is linked to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic diabetic complications. Prevalence of hypomagnesaemia is high in patients with T2DM and multiple studies have shown evidence of effect of serum magnesium (Mg) level on glycaemic control in these patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency of hypomagnesaemia in hospitalized patients with T2DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to evaluate its correlation with glycaemic control.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from November, 2016 to March, 2017 in BIRDEM General Hospital. Hypomagnesaemia was defined as serum Mg concentration <0.7 mmol/L. Patients who had acute diarrhea or vomiting in previous 7 days, patients who had chronic diarrhea or malabsorpsion syndrome or who had recent history of taking diuretics were excluded from the study. Patients’ clinical information were collected using a structured questionnaire and laboratory information were collected from the hospital records.
Results: Total patients were 100, including T2DM (92) and IGT (8). Thirty nine (42.4%) patients with T2DM and five (62.5%) patients with IGT had hypomagnesaemia. The median (IQR) serum Mg level in patients with T2DM was 0.77 (0.6-0.8) mmol/L and IGT was 0.6 (0.52-0.77) mmol/L. HbA1c was higher among patients with hypomagnesaemia than normal Mg level [median (IQR) 9.4 (7.8-12.7) % vs 8.85 (7.2-9.95) %] though it was not significant (p>0.05). The mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) was 9.82 mmol/l in patients with hypomagnesaemia and 9.63 mmol/l in patients with normal serum Mg. Median 2-hour post prandial blood glucose level was 12 (10.4-16.15) mmol/L in hypomagnesaemia group and 11.7 (10.3-14.7) mmol/L in normal Mg group, though the difference was not statistically significant. There was negative correlation between serum Mg and HbA1c, FBG and post prandial blood glucose level (r, -0.075, -0.003. -0.006 respectively). Among the patients with hypomagnesaemia, the percentage of ischemic heart disease (IHD), diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy was 31.8%, 36.4%, 43.2% and 34.1% compared to 23.2%, 30.4%, 32.1% and 25% respectively in patients with normal Mg level.
Conclusion: Around half of the patients with T2DM and IGT had hypomagnesaemia and patients with hypomagnesaemia were found to have relatively poor glycemic control and had increased rate of diabetic complications. Although relationship between serum magnesium level and glycemic control was not significant, it indicated the need of further research in this aspect.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 207-211
Factors contributing to favorable outcome in adults with Bell’s palsy: experience from a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Dilruba , Habib Rumana , Islam Md Rashedul , Rouf Rushda Sharmin Binte , Habib Samira Humaira 
Published: September 2022

Background: Bell’s palsy (BP) is the most common cause of lower motor neuron type facial nerve palsy and is one of the most frequently encountered presentations in Neurology. Treatment with corticosteroid and antiviral drugs within 72 hours of onset of symptoms along with supportive treatment is encouraged for better outcome. Despite good prognosis, a significant portion of the patients with BP suffer from disfiguring facial appearance and other complications which remain as great concern of the patients. We aimed to evaluate the factors contributing to favorable outcome in adult with BP.
Methods: Data of patients with BP [House-Brackmann (H-B) Grading III and above], who attended and were followed up at the Department of Neurology of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2017 and December 2020, were reviewed from hospital records and patients’ personal files. Total 56 adult patients with BP were recruited from hospital records according to eligibility criteria. During recruitment and data analysis, patients of H-B Grade III- IV were considered as lower grade and Grade V-VI were considered as higher grade. During follow up Grade I and II were considered as recovered. Comorbidities including diabetes and hypertension were addressed. Patients with BP who attended within 72 hours of onset of symptoms were prescribed steroid and antiviral drugs, whereas patients attending after 72 hours of onset of symptoms received supportive treatment only. All patients of both the groups received physical therapy for facial asymmetry and medication for eye care along with close monitoring and management of diabetes and other comorbidities. H-B Grades were assessed at onset, after 10 days, at the end of 1st and at 3rd month after facial paralysis and depending upon this Grading patients were finally divided into two groups of favorable (H-B Grade I & II) and unfavorable (H-B Grade III or more) outcome. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors for favorable prognosis.
Results: Among the total 56 patients, 45(80.4%) patients had favorable and 11 (19.6%) had unfavorable outcomes at the end of 3rd month. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that younger (at or below 40 year) age group (OR= 1.33; 95% CI, 0.412-4.310, p=0.005), lower H-B Grade at presentation (Grade III – IV) (OR= 2.712; 95% CI, 1.951-3.612, p=0.044) and absence of hypertension (OR=1.14; 95% CI, 0.963- 2.035, p=0.023) were significant.
Conclusion: We concluded that younger age group of patients with lower H-B grade at initial presentation and absence of hypertension all are contributing factors for favorable outcomes in adults with Bell’s palsy.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 217-222
Tunneled haemodialysis catheter-related right atrial thrombi: a case report
Authors: Khanam Farzana , Chowdhury Tufayel Ahmed , Ananna Meheruba Alam , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Iqbal Sarwar 
Published: September 2022

Type of vascular access is an important determinant of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving haemodialysis. Though arterio-venous fistula is the optimum choice, yet patients often require central venous catheters for temporary use or sometimes as a breezing option. Central venous catheters may be complicated by sepsis, one of the most common and dreadful complications; intra-atrial thrombus formation is not uncommon and in many instances remain asymptomatic and hence unrecognized. Here, we report a case of intra-atrial thrombi complicating a young boy receiving haemodialysis through central venous catheter, who was managed successfully with combination of anti-coagulation, intravenous antibiotics and catheter removal.
BIRDEM Med J 2022; 12(3): 223-225