bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term homogeneity and trend analysis of seasonality and extreme rainfall under the influence of climate change in Johor River basin, Malaysia
Authors: Sa’adi Zulfaqar , Yusop Zulkifli , Alias Nor Eliza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There is a growing concern over the unprecedented shifts in seasonality and extreme rainfall over the last century across the globe. This study investigated 24 rainfall stations in Johor River basin (JRB) for homogeneity over the period 1970–2015 and followed by analysis of rainfall seasonality and extreme rainfall trend. Homogeneity test was conducted for annual and seasonal rainfall using a hybrid of Standard Normal Homogeneity test (SNHT), Pettit test, Buishand Range test (BRT), and Von Neumann ratio (VNR) test. The JRB climate was then divided into several classes using the Seasonality Index (SI). For trend analysis, RClimDex was utilised to compute eleven extreme rainfall indices as recommended by ETCCDI, consisting of frequency indices, namely, number of heavy rainfall days (R10), very heavy rainfall days (R20), extremely heavy rainfall days (R25), maximum number of consecutive dry days (CDD) and maximum number of consecutive wet days (CWD), and intensity indices, namely, daily maximum rainfall (Rx1day), maximum five-day rainfall (Rx5day), annual total wet-day rainfall (PRCPTOT), simple daily intensity index (SDII), very wet day rainfall (R95P) and extremely wet day rainfall (R99P). Mann-Kendall (MK) trend test was applied to show the area within JRB that is subjected to change at 95% significance level. Then, the flood vulnerability area due to significant change in extreme rainfall was assessed based on the past flood record. The results showed that the rainfall series during North East (NE) and South West (SW) monsoon are more homogeneous than annual rainfall series with the presence of inhomogeneity in some stations being associated with the influence of climate variability. Although non-significant, the SI results show increasing trends with rainfall being concentrated in the downstream area. During the NE monsoon, frequency index of R10 showed a significant increasing trend at thirteen stations. Meanwhile, R20 and R25 showed increasing trend at five stations, mainly in the downstream and at the west of the basin. During the SW monsoon, R10 showed a significant increasing trend at six stations, but R20 and R25 showed a significant decreasing trend at two and one station, respectively. Generally, the results showed that increasing extreme rainfall in the form of frequency indices are more prominent throughout JRB particularly at the end of the NE monsoon. Increasing severity of previously recorded flood prone area is expected, which required improved flood mitigation strategy.
The potential for improvement of quality parameters and reduction of costs in the current Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction logistics
Authors: Steenbergen GJ van , Demandt JPA. , Schulz DN , Tonino PA , Dekker L , Vermeer-Gerritzen Iris , Wijnbergen IF , Thijssen HJM , Theunissen LJHJ , Heijmen HPCM , Haest RJP , Vlaar PJ , Veghel D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective We aim to compare quality parameters, costs and clinical outcomes of NSTEMI patients stratified by centre of first presentation and revascularisation strategy.
Methods Hospital claim data on patients admitted with a NSTEMI between 2017 and 2019 from one of the largest health insurers in the Netherlands were used for this study. Included patients were stratified by revascularisation strategy (PCI, CABG or no revascularisation [noRevasc]) and subdivided by centre of presentation per treatment. The primary outcomes were the following quality measures: duration between admission and revascularisation, length of hospital stay and number of intracoronary procedures. Total costs (accumulation of costs for hospital claims and inter-hospital ambulance rides) and clinical outcomes at 30 days (MACE: all-cause mortality, recurrent myocardial infarction and cardiac readmission) were used as secondary outcomes.
Results A total of 9641 NSTEMI events (9167 unique patients) were analysed for which PCI was performed during admission in 4448 cases, CABG in 816 cases and no revascularisation was performed in 4377 cases. Direct presentation at an intervention centre occurred in 59%, 55% and 60% of cases, respectively. For PCI, direct presentation at an intervention centre yielded shorter time to revascularisation, shorter hospitalisation and less intracoronary procedures per patient. For CABG, time to revascularisation and hospitalisation were shorter. Total costs were significantly lower in case of direct presentation in an intervention centre for all treatment groups while MACE was similar.
Conclusion Direct admission of NSTEMI patients to an intervention centre might yield improvement potential for current NSTEMI care.
A new approach for fall risk assessment in hospitalized older adults based on gait data
Authors: Xie Zhenyan , Liu Huazhang , Zhong Guoqing , Huang Shuai , Hu Lianting , Huang Wenhan , Zeng Xiaolong , Lin Jinpeng , Cai Yuepeng , Chen Haobin , Li Liping , Liang Huiying , Zhang Yu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:Falling in older adults is one of the most common and serious problems leading to disability. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the risk of falls in older adults and take preventive measures in advance. The traditional risk assessment depends on the scale, which may be affected by the subjective factors of patients. However, in recent years, instruments have been developed to collect objective data related to gait in older adults.The aim of this study was to use objective gait data to predict fall risk in older adults.
Methods:In this study, a total of 207 hospitalized older adults were recruited, and the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) gait kinematic parameters of the lower limb joints were collected using a marker-based instrument. Based on the gait data, two important tasks in fall risk assessment were conducted, analysis of abnormal gait patterns and risk level classification. There were three fall risk levels corresponding to the scale, and an end-to-end attention-based convolution model was proposed to analyze gait kinematic data.
Results: The model achieved an accuracy score of 0.878 and a recall score of 0.897 on the test set. In addition, we applied an attention-based heatmap to visualize the input data and features across the model. The color bars in the heatmap highly correlate with the level of fall risk and can serve as an indicator of the abnormal gait pattern.
Conclusions: An end-to-end attention-based convolution model achieved a favorable result.Besides, the heatmap could serve as the indicator of risk level for each step and also provide further clues to the mechanism of falling. It has the potential to assist doctors in clinical work and contribute to further knowledge discovery.
Impact of continuous hypertonic (NaCl 20%) saline solution on renal outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI): A post-hoc analysis of the COBI trial
Authors: Huet Olivier , Chapalain Xavier , Vermeersch Véronique , Moyer Jean-Denis , Lasocki Sigismond , Cohen Benjamin , Dahyot-Fizelier Claire , Chalard Kevin , Seguin Philippe , Hourmant Yannick , Asehnoune Karim , Roquilly Antoine , Group Atlanrea Study Group Atlanrea Study , Network Société Française d’Anesthésie Réanimation (SFAR) Research N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background To evaluate if the increase of chloride intake during a continuous infusion of 20% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) is associated with an increase in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to standard of care in traumatic brain injury patients. Methods In this post-hoc analysis of COBI trial, 370 patients admitted for a moderate-to-severe TBI in the 9 participating ICUs were enrolled. The intervention consisted in a continuous infusion of HSS to maintain a blood sodium level ranging from 150 to 155 mmol/l for at least 48 hours. Patients enrolled in the control arm were treated as recommended by the last Brain Trauma foundation guidelines. The primary outcome was the occurrence of AKI defined by stages 2 or 3 according to KDIGO criteria from inclusion to Day 30. Results After exclusion of missing data, 322 patients were included in this post-hoc analysis. The patients randomized in the intervention arm received a significantly higher amount of chloride during the first 4 days. (intervention group: 97.3 ± 31.6 g vs. control group: 61.3 ± 38.1 g; p < 0.001) and had higher chloride blood levels at day 4 (117.9 ± 10.7 mmol/L vs. 111.6 ± 9 mmol/L respectively, p < 0.001). The rates of patients with AKI were not statistically different between the intervention and the control groups (24.5% vs. 28.9% respectively; p = 0.45). Conclusions Despite a significant increase in chloride intake, a continuous infusion of HSS was not associated with AKI in moderate-to-severe TBI patients. Our study does not confirm the potentially detrimental effect of chloride load on kidney function in ICU patients. Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT03143751. The COBI trial was registered on 8 May 2017.
Effect of Treatment Model on Biomechanical Behaviour of Maxillary Incisors with External Cervical Resorption at Different Progression Levels
Authors: örs Sevinc Askerbeyli , Eren Selen Küçükkaya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectives The aim was to evaluate the biomechanical behaviour of maxillary incisors with external cervical resorption at different progression levels after receiving different treatment options under occlusal forces using finite element analysis. Materials and Methods A 3D model of an intact maxillary incisor was constructed and then modified to have external resorption (ECR)cavities with different progression levels in buccal cervical area. Models with ECR cavities confined to dentine repaired using either with Biodentine, composite resine or GIC were generated. Models with ECR cavities with pulp invasion requiring direct pulp capping were simulated as repaired using Biodentine only or 1 mm thick Biodentine and either composite resin or GIC for the rest of the cavity. Also models with root canal treatment and ECR defect repaired using either with Biodentine, composite resine or GIC were generated. A force of 240 N was applied from incisal edge. Principal stresses in dentine were evaluated. Results GIC showed more favorable results compared to other materials in ECR cavities confined to dentine. The use of solely Biodentine presented more favorable Pmin stresses compared to other materials in ECR cavities with close pulp proximity. Exceptionally, the models localized in coronal third of the root with circumferential extension of the cavity more than 90° showed more favourable results for GIC. The presence of root canal treatment had no prominent effect on stresses values. Conclusions The use of GIC in ECR lesions confined to dentine is recommended. However, Biodentine may be a better option for the restoration of ECR lesions that are close to pulp with/without root canal treatment. Except when the circumferential extension of the cavity is more than 90°, the use of GIC can be more advantageous.
Impact of habitual yogurt intake in mother-child dyads on incidence of childhood otitis media: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS)
Authors: Tsuchiya Masahiro , Tsuchiya Shinobu , Momma Haruki , Ikeda Ryoukichi , Suzuki Jun , Nagatomi Ryoichi , Yaegashi Nobuo , Arima Takahiro , Igarashi Kaoru 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Otitis media, one of the most common childhood diseases, is characterized by inflammation or infection of the middle ear. Due to their ease of access, daily probiotics are recommended for the prevention of early childhood otitis media. This study aimed to assess the impact of probiotics on the incidence of otitis media using a dataset (n = 95,380) from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study. After multiple imputations, the association between the incidence of otitis media in early childhood and the daily frequency of yogurt intake in children and mothers was examined using a generalized linear model with adjusting for several confounders. Repeated incidence of otitis media during the two years after birth was found in 14,874 participants (15.6%). Based on participants with the lowest frequency of yogurt intake (“almost never”) as the reference group, risk ratios (95% confidence interval) for otitis media incidence decreased with higher frequencies of yogurt intake in children at one year of age, but also independently in mothers during pregnancy. Furthermore, although not statistically significant, a similar association was observed in the subgroup of those with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P), a high risk group for severe otitis media. Thus, increased regular yogurt intake in both children and mothers was associated with a decrease in early childhood otitis media.
Catch up saccades in vestibular hypofunction: a contribution of the cerebellum?
Authors: Hermann Ruben , Robert Camille , Lagadec Vincent , Dupre Mathieu , Pelisson Denis , Tilikete Carolilne Froment 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Long-term deficits of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) elicited by head rotation can be partially compensated by Catch-up Saccades (CuS). These saccades are initially visually guided but their latency can greatly decrease resulting in Short Latency CuS. It is still unclear what triggers these CuS and what are the underlying neural circuits. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the impact of cerebellar pathology on CuS by comparing their latency between two groups of patients with bilateral vestibular hypofunction, with or without additional cerebellar dysfunction.
Method: We recruited 12 patients with both bilateral vestibular hypofunction and cerebellar dysfunction (BVH-CD group) and 12 patients with isolated bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH group). Both groups were matched for age and residual VOR gain. Subjects underwent video head impulse test recording of the horizontal semi-circular canals responses as well as recording of visually guided saccades in the Step, Gap and Overlap paradigms. Latency and gain of the different saccades were calculated.
Results: Mean age for BVH-CD and BVH was respectively 67.8 and 67.2 years and mean residual VOR gain was respectively 0.24 and 0.26. Mean latency of the first catch-up saccade was significantly longer for the BVH-CD group than for the BVH group (204ms vs 145ms, p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the latency of visually guided saccades between the two groups, for none of the three paradigms.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the cerebellum plays a role in the generation of compensatory SL-CuS observed in BVH patients.
A comparative study of machine translated subtitles based on the user-centered approach: a case study between Bilibili and YouTube
Authors: Xie Bina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Bilibili has become a famous video-sharing platform in China, attracting a growing number of visitors. Expect for the videos made by uploaders themselves, an increasing number of videos in different languages are uploaded. This year, the platform announced that automatic translation can be used for free to offer an alternative solution to the language barrier. Previous research has been done to test the impact machine-translated subtitles of TED (Technology, Entertainment, and Design) or MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses) have on the users’ reception. Very little attention has been paid to do a comparative study between different platforms. This research did a pilot study to compare machine translated subtitles on Bilibili (MTS-B) with those on YouTube (MTS-Y). Based on the human evaluation of the quality and the questionnaire conducted online, the author analyzed the relationship between the quality, users’ comprehension and attitude towards machine translated subtitles. The results show that the quality has little impact on the users’ comprehension on the video. However, when MTS-Y performs better in accuracy, participants had a better attitude towards it.
Impact of climate and anthropogenic changes on current and future variability in flows in the Nyong River Basin (equatorial central Africa)
Authors: Ebode Valentin Brice 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Due to climate and environmental changes, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has experienced several drought and flood events in recent decades with serious consequences on the economy of the sub-region. In this context, the region needs to enhance its capacity in water resources management, based on both good knowledges of contemporary variations in river flows and reliable forecasts. The objective of this article was to study the evolution of current and future (near (2022–2060) and distant (2061–2100)) flows in the Nyong River Basin (NRB) in Cameroon. To achieve this, the Pettitt and modified Mann-Kendall tests were used to analyze hydrometeorological time series in the basin. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate the future flows in the SRB. During the 1970s, the Nyong basin experienced a joint decrease in rainfall and flow. Despite a general decrease in future precipitation, a significant increase in runoff is expected in this basin, regardless of the period (2022–2060 or 2061–2100), the model (RCA4 or CCCma) and the scenario (RCP4.5 or RCP8 .5). This increase in flow will be the result of the increase in impervious areas to the detriment of forest in the basin, which will compensate for the drop in precipitation with an increase in runoff. Results from this study could be used to enhance water resources management in the basin investigated and the region.
Clinical and genetic factors associated with clinical relapse during anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in Japanese patients with Crohn’s disease
Authors: Shimoda Fumiko , Naito Takeo , Kakuta Yoichi , Kawai Yosuke , Shimoyama Yusuke , Moroi Rintaro , Shiga Hisashi , Nagasaki Masao , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Little is known about clinical and genetic factors that predict the long-term response of anti-TNF therapy are limited in Japanese patients with Crohn’s disease (CD).
Methods: Association between clinical factors and cumulative clinical relapse-free rates were investigated in 464 patients with CD (373 anti-TNF naïve and 91 anti-TNF switch patients). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using Cox proportional hazards model. Genotype data of 5,657,947 SNPs from 275 anti-TNF naïve patients were used for GWAS.
Results: Lower serum albumin level, perianal disease, and younger age at disease onset were identified as risk factors for earlier clinical relapse in the anti-TNF naïve group (hazard ratio: HR = 1.76, 1.43, and 1.36; P = 0.00029, 0.044, and 0.045, respectively). Previous intestinal resection was associated with clinical relapse in the anti-TNF switch group (HR = 0.42; P = 0.0075). In the GWAS, rs12613485, which is located between RFX8 and MAP4K4, showed the strongest association with relapse (HR = 2.44; P = 3.42E-7). Pathway analysis indicated the association of the TGF-β signaling pathway (P = 3.06E-4).
Conclusions: We identified several reasonable clinical factors and candidate genetic factors associated with early relapse during anti-TNF treatments in Japanese CD patients.
Fixed-time adaptive neural network synchronization control for teleoperation system with position error constraints and time-varying delay
Authors: Su Shan , Ji Yude 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the fixed-time master-slave synchronization control of teleoperation system with asymmetric position errors constraints, dynamics uncertainties and time-varying delay.
First, we propose an adaptive fixed-time combined with Barrier Lyapunov Functions (BLF) controller to figure out asymmetric constraints issues, and it also applies to the case of teleoperation system with no constraint or symmetric state constraint requirements.
Second, the adaptive radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) and linearly parameterizable control methods are used for dealing with the uncertainties and time-varying delay problems of system. Next, it is demonstrated that the globally fixed-time stability performance of teleoperation can be achieved through the proposed control strategy and the asymmetric constraint requirements of the position synchronization errors are met all the time.
Finally, simulation validates the feasibility of the control method.
A large-scale three-dimensional apparatus to study failure mechanisms of rockfalls in underground engineering contexts
Authors: Xin Gongfeng , Yang Guangyu , Li Fan , Liu Hongliang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rockfalls are an important factor affecting underground engineering safety. However, there has been limited progress in understanding and predicting these disasters in the past few years. Therefore, a large-scale three-dimensional experimental simulation apparatus to study failure mechanisms of rockfalls occurring during underground engineering was developed. This apparatus, measuring 4 m × 4 m × 3.3 m in size, can achieve vertical (2.95 MPa) and horizontal symmetric loading (2.91 MPa). It not only simulates the structure and stress environment of a rock mass, but also simulates the stepwise excavation processes involved in underground engineering. A complete simulation experiment of rockfalls in an underground engineering context was performed using this apparatus. Dynamic evolution characteristics of block displacement, temperature, natural vibration frequency and acoustic emissions occurring during rockfalls were studied during the simulation. These data indicate there are several indicators that could be used to predict rockfalls in underground engineering contexts, leading to better prevention and control.
Performance analyses of step-counting algorithms using wrist accelerometry
Authors: Pilkar Rakesh , Gerstel Dawid , Toole Ethan , Biggs Matt , Guthrie Tyler , Karas Marta , Achkar Christopher Moufawad el , Renevey Philippe , Soltani Abolfazl , Sloan Sarah , Nguyen Joe , Patterson Matthew R , Ferrario Damien , Lemay Mathieu , Neishabouri Ali , Guo Christine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Step count is one of the most used real-world (RW) outcomes for understanding physical functioning, activity, and overall quality of life. In the current investigation, we systematically evaluated the performances of modern wrist-accelerometry-based algorithms based on peak detection, autocorrelation, template matching, movement frequency detection, and machine learning on a common dataset that included continuous walking trials of varying speeds and regularities. The accuracies were computed with respect to the ground truth step count derived using smartphone-based video recordings. On average, the movement frequency detection-based and ML-based algorithms outperformed the other algorithms showing the highest accuracies across all trials (95.3 ± 6% to 96.7 ± 6.41%). The other algorithms showed varied accuracies ranging from 59.8 ± 41% to 90.11 ± 10.3%. All algorithms showed relatively lower accuracies for 1-minute slower walks and showed relatively higher accuracies for the longest walking trials of 6-minute. Except for two algorithms (autocorrelation and template-based), all algorithms showed no significant effect of the device type (CentrePoint Insight Watch vs GT9X) as well as device placement (left wrist vs right wrist) on accuracies for all trials. The smartphone-based step detection algorithm showed the lowest accuracies and variability suggesting the need for fit-for-purpose algorithms in step count estimation using wrist accelerometry. The current investigation provides essential evidence to facilitate the application of wearable digital health technologies in clinical research and care.