bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autonomous competences and quality of professional life of paediatric nurses in primary care, their relationship and associated factors: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Laserna Jiménez Cristina , Garrido Aguilar Eva , Casado Montañés Isabel , Estrada Masllorens Joan Maria , Fabrellas Núria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo identify the autonomous competences and quality of professional life of paediatric nurses in primary care, their relationship and possible associated factors.BackgroundThe autonomous competences of paediatric nurses vary among healthcare providers in Catalonia, Spain. Autonomy is related to quality of professional life, but little is known about autonomous competences and other factors contributing to paediatric nurses’ quality of professional life.DesignA cross‐sectional study following the STROBE statement.MethodsData from 206 paediatric primary care nurses were analysed. A self‐administered survey consisting of an ad hoc questionnaire and a validated instrument to measure quality of professional life (QPL‐35 questionnaire) was conducted. Descriptive, bivariate and general multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the relationship between autonomous competences and quality of professional life, and its predicting factors.Results47.6% nurses reported a medium level of autonomous competences, 46.6% a high level, and 5.8% a low level. Quality of professional life was medium‐high for the domains perception of managerial support and global perception of workload and for the item disconnect from work after work shift, and very high and high values for the domain intrinsic motivation and for the item quality of work life, respectively. Autonomous competences and perceived autonomy were factors associated with quality of professional life. Other associated factors were academic background, specific training and being a paediatric nurse specialist.ConclusionsPaediatric nurses in primary care have a medium‐high level of autonomous competences and they perceive a high level of autonomy. Autonomous competences and level of perceived autonomy are predictors of quality of professional life.Relevance to clinical practiceEnhancing paediatric nurses’ autonomous competences and academic background, receiving specific training and being paediatric nurse specialists might improve their quality of professional life, healthcare quality and outcomes for the child population.
Plantaricin LD1 purified from Lactobacillus plantarum LD1 inhibits biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in tooth model
Authors: Yadav M.K. , Yadav P. , Dhiman M. , Tewari S. , Tiwari S.K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Plantaricin LD1 was purified to homogeneity using activity-guided chromatography. Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was found to be sensitive to plantaricin LD1 showing 13 ± 0·21 mm zone of growth inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be 50 µg ml−1 against Ent. faecalis ATCC 29212. The in vitro biofilm formation by Ent. faecalis ATCC 29212 was observed, which was completely inhibited in the presence of bacteriocin. Similarly, biofilm formation was also observed on the teeth surface showing purple colour, whereas treated-teeth were clean and indicated no biofilm formation. Further, untreated cells of Ent. faecalis ATCC 29212 were found normal and plantaricin LD1-treated cells were ruptured when seen under light microscope, suggesting killing of target cells. These findings have proven the initial leads for antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of plantaricin LD1 against Ent. faecalis and its possible application for the treatment of endodontic diseases.
The manufacture and origin of the Tutankhamen meteoritic iron dagger
Authors: Matsui Takafumi , Moriwaki Ryota , Zidan Eissa , Arai Tomoko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Iron Age was the time when people acquired iron processing technology and is generally thought to have begun after 1200 B.C. Some prehistoric iron artifacts made of iron meteorites are dated from the Bronze Age. A nicely preserved meteoritic iron dagger was found in the tomb of King Tutankhamen (1361–1352 B.C.) of ancient Egypt. Yet, its manufacturing method and origin remain unclear. Here, we report nondestructive two‐dimensional chemical analyses of the Tutankhamen iron dagger, conducted at the Egyptian Museum of Cairo. Elemental mapping of Ni on the dagger blade surface shows discontinuous banded arrangements in places with “cubic” symmetry and a bandwidth of about 1 mm, suggesting a Widmanstätten pattern. The intermediate Ni content (11.8 ± 0.5 wt%) with the presence of the Widmanstätten pattern implies the source meteorite of the dagger blade to be octahedrite. The randomly distributed sulfur‐rich black spots are likely remnants of troilite (FeS) inclusions in iron meteorite. The preserved Widmanstätten pattern and remnant troilite inclusion show that the iron dagger was manufactured by low‐temperature (<950 °C) forging. The gold hilt with a few percent of calcium lacking sulfur suggests the use of lime plaster instead of gypsum plaster as an adhesive material for decorations on the hilt. Since the use of lime plaster in Egypt started during the Ptolemaic period (305–30 B.C.), the Ca‐bearing gold hilt hints at its foreign origin, possibly from Mitanni, Anatolia, as suggested by one of the Amarna letters saying that an iron dagger with gold hilt was gifted from the king of Mitanni to Amenhotep III, the grandfather of Tutankhamen.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple myeloma associated with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone
Authors: Seko Kento , Uchida Yuto , Kanamori Takashi , Sakurai Keita , Usami Toshihiko , Kuno Tomoyuki , Takada Koji , Nakamichi Kazuo , Matsukawa Noriyuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare but fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with reactivation of JC virus. Herein, we describe a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with a therapeutic regimen of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. A 69‐year‐old man with multiple myeloma was admitted to the neurological care unit due to progressive cognitive dysfunction after seven cycles of the regimen. His CD4+ T cell count was 190 cells/μL. Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed nodular diffusion restrictions in the frontal and parietal lobes. He was diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following a positive polymerase chain reaction test for JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. After cessation of multiple myeloma treatment, his cognition and magnetic resonance imaging findings improved within 3 months. We should recognize this potentially fatal complication in patients receiving this regimen.
Why does pollen morphology vary? Evolutionary dynamics and morphospace occupation in the largest angiosperm order (Asterales)
Authors: Jardine Phillip E. , Palazzesi Luis , Tellería M. Cristina , Barreda Viviana D. 
Published: February 2022

Summary

Morphological diversity (disparity) is a key component of biodiversity and increasingly a focus of botanical research. Despite the wide range of morphologies represented by pollen grains, to date there are few studies focused on the controls on pollen disparity and morphospace occupation, and fewer still considering these parameters in a phylogenetic framework.

Here, we analyse morphospace occupation, disparity and rates of morphological evolution in Asterales pollen, in a phylogenetic context. We use a dataset comprising 113 taxa from across the Asterales phylogeny, with pollen morphology described using 28 discrete characters.

The Asterales pollen morphospace is phylogenetically structured around groups of related taxa, consistent with punctuated bursts of morphological evolution at key points in the Asterales phylogeny. There is no substantial difference in disparity among these groups of taxa, despite large differences in species richness and biogeographic range. There is also mixed evidence for whole‐genome duplication as a driver of Asterales pollen morphological evolution.

Our results highlight the importance of evolutionary history for structuring pollen morphospace. Our study is consistent with others that have shown a decoupling of biodiversity parameters, and reinforces the need to focus on disparity as a key botanical metric in its own right.
Evaluation of corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations for detecting subclinical keratoconus
Authors: Kandel Sandeep , Chaudhary Meenu , Mishra Sanjeeb K , Joshi Niraj D , Subedi Manish , Puri Prajjol R , Gyawali Parash , Bist Jeewanand , Kandel Himal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare corneal topography, pachymetry and higher order aberrations in keratoconic and normal eyes; to investigate their association in keratoconic eyes; and to determine their diagnostic ability for detecting subclinical keratoconus in a Nepalese population.MethodsNinety‐six eyes of 48 keratoconus patients and 50 normal eyes of 50 control subjects were included in this study. The eyes of keratoconus patients were classified into four different study groups: subclinical, stage 1, stage 2 and advanced stage keratoconus. In each eye, corneal topography, pachymetry and corneal aberrometry indices were measured using a Sirius corneal tomographer. The study parameters of keratoconic eyes were compared with normal eyes, and the possible association of corneal aberrometry with topography and pachymetry indices was investigated. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves along with optimal cutoff values with best sensitivity and specificity were also determined for each index to detect subclinical keratoconus.ResultsAll the indices except average keratometry measurements (Kavg and mmavg) and spherical aberration (SA) were found to be significantly different in subclinical keratoconus compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In keratoconic eyes, all corneal aberrations were significantly correlated with the topography and pachymetry indices (range of ρ: −0.25 to 0.96; all p < 0.05) except for trefoil and minimum corneal thickness (Thkmin). All the indices except Kavg, mmavg and SA showed excellent diagnostic ability (AUC > 0.90) in detecting subclinical keratoconus. The cutoff values proposed for the asymmetry index of the corneal back surface (SIb), Strehl ratio of point spread function (PSF), coma and Baiocchi‐Calossi‐Versaci index of corneal back surface (BCVb) each showed excellent sensitivity (100%) and specificity (≥97%).ConclusionsCorneal higher order aberrations were found to be significantly elevated in subclinical keratoconus compared to healthy controls. SIb, PSF, coma and BCVb were identified as the most powerful Sirius indices for the detection of subclinical keratoconus.
Catheter ablation for papillary muscle arrhythmias: A systematic review
Authors: Mariani Marco Valerio , Piro Agostino , Magnocavallo Michele , Chimenti Cristina , Della Rocca Domenico , Santangeli Pasquale , Natale Andrea , Fedele Francesco , Lavalle Carlo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation of papillary muscle ventricular arrhythmias (PM‐VAs) has been associated with unsatisfactory results. Features that may affect acute and long‐term procedural outcomes are not well established.ObjectiveTo systematically review the available data in the literature assessing efficacy and safety of PM‐VAs catheter ablation.MethodsAn online search of PubMed, Cochrane Registry, Web of Science, Scopus and EMBASE libraries (from inception to March 1, 2021) was performed, in addition to manual screening. Twenty‐one observational noncontrolled case‐series were considered eligible for the systematic review, including 536 patients.ResultsPostero‐medial PM harbored 60.8% of PM‐VAs, while antero‐lateral PM and right ventricular PMs 34.9% and 4.3% of cases, respectively. The mean acute success rate of the index ablation procedure was 88.1% (95% CI 82.8% to 91.9%, p < .001, I2 0%). After a mean follow‐up period of 15.5 ± 17.4 months, pooled long‐term arrhythmia‐free rate was 69.2%, while the pooled long‐term success rate after multiple ablation procedure was 84.9%. Overall, procedure complications occurred in nine patients (1.7%) and no procedure‐related deaths were reported. The use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) as well as contact force sensing (CFS) and irrigated catheters during ablation was associated with higher rates of arrhythmia‐freedom at long‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsCatheter ablation is an effective and safe strategy for PM‐VAs, with an acute success rate of 88.1%, a long‐term success rate of 69.2%, with a relatively low procedural complication rate. The use of ICE, irrigated catheters and catheters with CFS capability was associated with higher rates of arrhythmia‐freedom at long‐term follow‐up.
PyCLKDE: A big data‐enabled high‐performance computational framework for species habitat suitability modeling and mapping
Authors: Zhang Guiming 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSpecies habitat suitability modeling and mapping (HSM) at large spatial scales (e.g., continental, global) and at fine spatiotemporal resolutions helps understand spatiotemporal dynamics of species distributions (e.g., migratory birds). Such HSM endeavors often involve “big” environmental and species datasets, which traditional software tools are often incapable of handling. To overcome the computational challenges facing conducting big data‐involved HSM tasks, this study develops a big data‐enabled high‐performance computational framework to conduct HSM efficiently on large numbers of species records and massive volumes of environmental covariates. As a demonstration of its usability, PyCLKDE was implemented based on the computational framework for flexibly integrating multi‐source species data for HSM. The computing performance of PyCLKDE was thoroughly evaluated through experiments modeling and mapping Empidonax virescens habitat suitability in the continental Americas using high‐resolution environmental covariates and species observations obtained from citizen science projects. Results show that PyCLKDE can effectively exploit computing devices with varied computing capabilities (CPUs and GPUs on high‐end workstations or commodity laptops) for parallel computing to accelerate HSM computations. PyCLKDE thus enables conducting big data‐involved HSM using commonly available computing resources. Using PyCLKDE as an example, efforts are called for to develop similar geocomputation tools based on the proposed framework to realize the potential of effectively performing geospatial big data analytics utilizing heterogenous computing resources on “personal‐grade” computing resources.
China's impact on regional employment: Propagation through input–output linkages and co‐location patterns
Authors: Kainuma Shuhei , Saito Yukiko U. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHow do imports from China affect local labour markets in Japan? We examine this question using commuting zones as regional units and analysing shock propagation through supply chains and co‐location patterns. Applying the method proposed by Autor et al. (American Economic Review, 103, 2121, 2013) and Acemoglu, Autor et al. (Journal of Labor Economics, 34, S141, 2016), we examine the impact of import shocks on regional manufacturing employment using input–output tables which allows us to investigate the propagation of shocks to both upstream and downstream industries and to relate the regional impact to industry co‐location patterns. We find that the negative direct effect on local employment is underestimated in previous studies that do not consider the regional propagation of the shock through supply chains, especially the positive shock to downstream industries. Downstream industries in Japan, for example, significantly benefit from imports from China as they lower input prices and increase employment. In contrast to downstream industries, we find no significant impact on upstream industries. Our results imply that the direct negative effect on local labour markets is somewhat mitigated by effects on downstream industries within the same region.
Pace of structural change and inter‐sectoral relative price: The case of India and China
Authors: Chattopadhyay Subhasankar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThough the behaviour of output composition during structural change is highly stylised, the behaviour of the inter‐sectoral relative prices is not. We explore two related questions in the context of structural change in India and China (1950–2010). First, what factors determine changes in the inter‐sectoral relative prices during structural change and growth? Second, is there a link between the behaviour of the relative price and the ‘pace’ of structural change? We show that the overall pace of structural change has been much slower in India than in China. With the help of a two‐sector growth model comprising a traditional sector producing agricultural goods and a modern sector producing industrial commodities, we show that the slower pace can be explained by the way sectoral growth dynamics affect the behaviour of the relative price over time.
The impact of incisional negative pressure wound therapy on scar quality and patient‐reported outcomes: A within‐patient‐controlled, randomised trial
Authors: Timmermans Floyd W. , Mokken Sterre E. , Smit Jan‐Maerten , Bouman Mark‐Bram , van de Grift Timotheus C. , Mullender Margriet G. , Middelkoop Esther 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLiterature provides a moderate level of evidence for the beneficial effects of incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) on scar quality. The purpose of this study was to establish if iNPWT results in improved scar outcomes in comparison to the standard of care. Therefore, a within‐patient randomised controlled, open‐label trial was conducted in transgender men undergoing gender‐affirming mastectomies. A unilateral side was randomised to receive iNPWT (PICO™, Smith&Nephew) without suction drains and contrastingly the standard dressing (Steri‐Strips™) with suction drain. Scar quality and questionnaires were bilaterally measured by means of objective assessments and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) at 1, 3 and 12 months. Objective scar outcomes were scar pliability (Cutometer®), colouration (DSM‐II) and scar width (3‐D imaging). PROM outcomes were related to scars (POSAS and SCAR‐Q) and body satisfaction (BODY‐Q). From 85 included patients, 80 were included for analyses. No significant difference between treatments was seen in the quantitative outcomes of scar pliability, colour, and width. For qualitative scar outcomes, several significant findings for iNPWT were found for several subscales of the POSAS, SCAR‐Q, and BODY‐Q. These effects could not be substantiated with linear mixed‐model regression, signifying no statically more favourable outcome for either treatment option. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that some PROM outcomes were more favourable for the iNPWT compared to standard treatment. In contrast, the quantitative outcomes showed no beneficial effects of iNPWT on scar outcomes. This suggests that iNPWT is of little benefit as a scar‐improving therapy.
Stochastic Bifurcation and Energy Transfer in an Inerter-Based Pendulum Vibration Absorber
Authors: Cosner Joel A. , Tai Wei-Che 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this theoretical study, the vibration suppression, energy transfer, and bifurcation characteristics, as a function of dimensionless parameters, are investigated for an inerter-based pendulum vibration absorber (IPVA) attached to a linear single-degree-of-freedom spring-mass-damper system (primary structure), subject to white noise excitation. A perturbation method is introduced to detect and track the bifurcation points of the system. It is shown that the marginal probability density function of the pendulum angular displacement undergoes a P-bifurcation at critical parameter values, transitioning from monomodality to bi-modality. A cumulant-neglect technique is used to predict the mean squares of the system, which are compared to the response of a linear system without the IPVA to quantify the vibration suppression. It is shown that the IPVA leads to effective vibration mitigation of the structure in the neighborhood of the P-bifurcation, which is achieved by transferring the kinetic energy of the structure to the pendulum. The results are validated by a Monte Carlo simulation that is used to numerically approximate the marginal probability density function for the pendulum angle as well as the mean squares.
Optimization of the Thermal Performance of Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuits Utilizing Rectangular-Shaped and Disk-Shaped Heat Pipes
Authors: Lu Sainan , Vafai Kambiz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Rectangular-shaped and disk-shaped heat pipes, as innovative heat sinks, are investigated to optimize the thermal performance of three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) in this work. Finite volume numerical analysis is employed to carry out the simulation of the thermal performance of 3D ICs. Both rectangular-shaped and disk-shaped heat pipes substantially improved the overall thermal performance and reduced the hotspot temperatures by 7 K and 11 K on average, respectively. Furthermore, utilizing the rectangular-shaped or the disk-shaped heat pipe as the heat spreader in place of a solid copper heat spreader further optimizes the thermal performance by reduction of the junction temperatures 14 K and 16 K on average, respectively. These reductions are achieved while the weight of the setup is also significantly reduced. The results indicate that the innovative flat-shaped heat pipes significantly optimize the thermal performance of 3D ICs. The model and results presented in this work aim to pave the way to markedly alleviate the thermal issues of the 3D ICs.
Feasibility Design and Control of a Lower Leg Gait Emulator Utilizing a Mobile 3-Revolute, Prismatic, Revolute Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Soliman Ahmed , Ribeiro Guilherme A. , Gan Dongming , Rastgaar Mo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Design and control of lower extremity robotic prostheses are iterative tasks that would greatly benefit from testing platforms that would autonomously replicate realistic gait conditions. This paper presents the design of a novel mobile 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel manipulator integrated with a mobile base to emulate human gait for lower limb prosthesis evaluation in the sagittal plane. The integrated mobile base provides a wider workspace range of motion along the gait direction and reduces the requirement of the parallel manipulator’s actuators and links. The parallel manipulator design is optimal to generate the defined gait trajectories with both motion and force requirements using commercially available linear actuators. An integrated active force control with proportional integral derivative (PID) control provided more desirable control compared to traditional PID control in terms of error reduction. The novelty of the work includes the methodology of human data-oriented optimal mechanism design and the concept of a mobile parallel robot to extend the translational workspace of the parallel manipulator with substantially reduced actuator requirements, allowing the evaluation of prostheses in instrumented walkways or integrated with instrumented treadmills.