bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matrix metalloproteinases in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes in the setting of chorioamnionitis: A scoping review
Authors: Nguyen Lynsa M. , Aronoff David M. , Eastman Alison J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFetal or gestational membranes extend from the placenta to enclose the fetus and amniotic fluid. While the membranes spontaneously rupture at term in normal pregnancies, they can rupture prematurely before the onset of labor, termed preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). PPROM can be triggered by bacterial infection or sterile inflammation in the membranes, known as chorioamnionitis (CAM). The membranes derive their tensile strength from a collagen‐rich extracellular matrix (ECM); as such, understanding the enzymes and processes that can degrade the membrane ECM are of paramount importance. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a class of enzymes capable of degrading collagen and other components of the ECM, and can be induced by inflammation. We used a scoping review to address the question of how MMP activity is associated with PPROM, particularly their induction due to sterile or nonsterile CAM. We have found that the most studied MMPs in PPROM were MMPs 2, 8, and 9. Additionally, some MMPs are constitutively active, while others are induced by inflammation. Mechanistic studies of the pathways that induce MMP activation are sparse, and this area is ripe for future studies. Targeting MMP activation could be a future strategy to delay or prevent PPROM.
Prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy is not effective for preventing driveline infection following left ventricular assist device implantation
Authors: Tsuji Masaki , Kakuda Nobutaka , Bujo Chie , Saito Akihito , Ishida Junichi , Amiya Eisuke , Hatano Masaru , Shimada Asako , Imai Hiroko , Kimura Mitsutoshi , Ando Masahiko , Kinoshita Osamu , Yamauchi Haruo , Komuro Issei , Ono Minoru 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDriveline infection (DLI) following left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation remains an unresolved problem. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) promotes wound healing by applying negative pressure on the surface of the wound. Recently, the prophylactic application of NPWT to closed surgical incisions has decreased surgical site infections in various postsurgical settings. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of prophylactic NPWT for preventing DLI in patients with LVAD implantation.MethodsProphylactic NPWT was provided to 50 patients who received continuous‐flow LVADs as bridge‐to‐transplant therapy at our institution between May 2018 and October 2020 (NPWT group). The negative pressure dressing was applied immediately after surgery and retained on the driveline exit site for 7 days with a continuous application of −125 mm Hg negative pressure. The primary outcome was DLI within 1 year of LVAD implantation. We compared the rate of DLI incidence in the NPWT group with that in the historical control cohort (50 patients) treated with the standard dressing (SD) who received LVAD implantation between July 2015 and April 2018 (SD group).ResultsNo severe complications were associated with the NPWT. During the follow‐up period, DLI was diagnosed in 16 participants (32%) in the NPWT group and 21 participants (42%) in the SD group. The rates of DLI incidence and freedom from DLI did not differ between groups (p = 0.30 and p = 0.63).ConclusionsProphylactic NPWT at the driveline exit site was safe following LVAD implantation. However, it did not significantly reduce the risk of DLI.
Is reduced social competence a mechanism linking elevated autism spectrum symptoms with increased risk for social anxiety?
Authors: Stark Chani , Groves Nicole B. , Kofler Michael J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesApproximately 50% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) develop comorbid social anxiety disorder, and this comorbidity predicts poorer treatment outcomes than either syndrome alone. ASD and social anxiety are both associated with reduced social competence as evidenced by difficulties implementing fundamental social skills for successful social interactions, but it remains unclear whether reduced social competence reflects a mechanism that explains the increased risk for social anxiety associated with elevated autism spectrum symptoms.Design/MethodsTo address this gap in the literature, the current study combined multi‐informant measures (child, parent and teacher report) with a sample of 194 children with and without psychiatric disorders (ages 8–13; 68 girls; 69% White/Non‐Hispanic). Autism spectrum traits, social competence and social anxiety symptoms were measured continuously.ResultsBias‐corrected, bootstrapped conditional effects modelling indicated that elevated parent‐reported autism spectrum symptoms predicted reduced teacher‐perceived social competence (β = −.21) and elevated child self‐reported social anxiety (β = .17); reduced social competence accounted for 20% of the autism/social anxiety link (indirect pathway β = .04, ER = .20), and reduced social competence also predicted higher social anxiety independent of autism symptoms (β = −.16; all 95% CIs exclude 0.0, indicating significant effects). Exploratory analyses suggested that these findings were driven primarily by autism spectrum social communication difficulties rather than restricted/repetitive behaviours/interests.ConclusionsThe current findings are consistent with prior work implicating reduced social competence as a risk factor for the development of social anxiety among children with ASD, and extend prior work by demonstrating that this link is robust to control for mono‐informant/mono‐measure bias, age, sex, SES, majority/minoritized race/ethnicity status, clinical comorbidities, and item overlap across measures.
Couples facing the “honeymoon period” of Parkinson's disease: A qualitative study of dyadic functioning
Authors: Manceau Charlotte , Constant Emilie , Brugallé Elodie , Wawrziczny Emilie , Sokolowski Céline , Flinois Bérengère , Baille Guillaume , Defebvre Luc , Dujardin Kathy , Antoine Pascal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe public health issue of the Parkinson's disease (PD) has led to a great deal of research that has highlighted the individual challenges faced by the person with the Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and the caregiving spouse. Few studies, however, have sought to understand the functioning of couples facing PD, by differentiating each stage, each of which has its own issues. In particular, the “honeymoon period”, characterized by a symptomatic respite allowed by the effectiveness of treatments for motor symptoms, has been poorly documented, especially at the dyadic level.Design and MethodThis qualitative study, based on Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, aimed to understand the experience of couples and their functioning at this stage. Fifteen couples participated in separate semi‐structured interviews for each partner. The analyses highlighted four dyadic dynamics, which call into question the relevance of the term “honeymoon” to describe the experience of couples.ResultsWhile some couples appear to adjust by means of flexible functioning and a positive reinterpretation of this experience, other dyads oscillate between rigid hyperprotection in the face of perceived distress or a vicious circle of control/avoidance and, in some cases, gradually slipping towards the erosion of the relationship.DiscussionThese results show that the relational difficulties suffered by partners at this stage should be taken into account as soon as possible after the diagnosis. Strengthening the communication and the togetherness between partners, as well as working on dyadic emotional regulation, are particularly relevant options for these couples.
Social contact, own‐group recognition bias and visual attention to faces
Authors: Brunet Malvina , Taddei Anaïs , Py Jacques , Paubel Pierre‐Vincent , Tredoux Colin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe own‐group recognition bias (OGRB) has been consistently linked to social contact in theoretical accounts. Indeed, social contact is assumed by most authors to underlie the perceptual expertise of out‐groups' faces. However, little is known empirically about how it might impact face‐processing strategies. We tested the proposition that social interaction would improve the face recognition performance of another group by modulating visual strategies for different face areas. In Experiment 1, we studied visual processes using an eye tracker during a person's first live encounter with a particular member of their own group (European) or an outgroup (African) to explore how increasing familiarity during a first interaction influences face‐processing strategies. In Experiments 2 and 3, we explored the effect of simulated intergroup contact on face recognition accuracy, while simultaneously studying the impact of contact on visual attention strategies that occur during recognition (Experiment 2) and encoding (Experiment 3). The results showed a strong OGRB and a difference in visual processes based on the ethnic group of the targets. Although a single interaction is not sufficient to reduce the OGRB, familiarization during a live interaction (Experiment 1) and virtual social contact (Experiment 2) had an impact on the visual strategies employed.
Multi‐fluorine labeled indanone derivatives as potential MRI imaging probes for β‐Amyloid plaques
Authors: Dai Yaqian , Fang Tangni , Xu Yuanhong , Jiang Taoshan , Qiao Jinping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to realize the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we designed and synthesized a series of multi‐fluorine labeled indanone derivatives based on indanone which could target β‐amyloid (Aβ). Through the in vitro staining experiment and affinity experiment, we selected 7d out, and then evaluated it through other in vivo and in vitro experiments. The staining of AD human brain adjacent sections revealed that compound 7d could bind to Aβ plaques with high affinity. In the in vitro binding assay, 7d showed a balanced affinity with Aβ1–40 (Kd = 367 ± 13) and Aβ1–42 (Kd = 384 ± 56). Also, 7d exhibited a low toxicity (LD50 > 50 mg/kg) and an excellent ability to pass through the blood–brain barrier (Log p = 3.87). The biodistribution experiment in mice showed that 7d reached the highest brain uptake after 1 h of tail vein injection and cleared after 24 h. A low concentration of 7d (1.875 mg/ml) showed a strong imaging ability (19F‐weighted mode), and the imaging capability increased with the increasing of concentration. All the results showed that 7d could provide a feasible solution for the early diagnosis of AD under non‐radioactive condition.
Waterless dyeing of polylactic acid with disperse dyes using decamethylcyclopentasiloxane as medium
Authors: Fang Yinchun , Wu Jianguo , Ma Guojie , Wei Qufu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) fibre as a new generation of eco‐friendly polyester fibre is expected to substitute polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibre to be an important textile fibre raw material. However, there exist severe strength loss and light dyeing colour by the traditional water bath dyeing method, which seriously affect the promotion and application of PLA fibre in the textile fields. Therefore, it is necessary to study waterless dyeing method for PLA. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) possesses excellent physical and chemical properties with the characteristics of odourless, non‐flammable, and stable to various chemicals, which has been studied to be used as a waterless dyeing medium for PET fabric. In this study, D5 was selected as the medium to study the waterless dyeing process and properties for PLA. The effects of disperse dye dosage, dyeing temperature, dyeing time and liquor ratio on the dyeing properties of PLA fabric were investigated. The results showed that the optimal dyeing process conditions were as follows: the dye dosage was 4%, dyeing temperature and time were 120°C and 40 min, respectively, and the liquor ratio was 1:10. Then PLA was dyed by three different colour disperse dyes using the optimal process which were compared with the traditional water bath. The results showed that the properties of dyed PLA fabrics with D5 could reach the dyeing effect of the traditional water bath method, while causing less influence on its mechanical property. Therefore, this research proved that D5 can be used as a dyeing medium for PLA fabric to substitute the traditional water bath dyeing.
Directedness and engagement in chimpanzee vocal ontogeny
Authors: Taylor Derry , Gustafsson Erik , Dezecache Guillaume , Davila‐Ross Marina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDirectedness and engagement during pre‐verbal vocal communication play a major role in language development. What was their role in the evolution of language? This question invites us to examine these behaviours in chimpanzee vocal ontogeny. We collected observational data on infant (N = 15) and juvenile (N = 13) chimpanzees at Chimfunshi Wildlife Orphanage, Zambia. We examined the impact of age and vocalization type (grunts, whimpers, laughs and screams) on directed cues (gaze directedness and face directedness) and engagement (mutual face directedness) during vocal communication. We also assessed the impact of directed cues and engagement on social interactions by coding the behaviour of social partners before, during and after a vocalisation, and examining whether they contingently changed their behaviour in response to the vocalisation if it was directed or if engagement occurred. We found that face directed vocalisations showed a general increase during ontogeny and we observed call‐type dependent effects of age for mutual face directedness. Only face directed vocalisations were significantly predictive of behavioural responses in social partners. We conclude that like young humans, young chimpanzees routinely exhibit directed behaviours and engagement during vocal communication. This social competency improves during ontogeny and benefits individuals by increasing the chances of eliciting behavioural responses from social partners. Directedness and engagement likely provide a foundation for language phylogenetically, as well as ontogenetically.Research Highlights
We show that directedness and engagement routinely occur during early chimpanzee vocalisations.
Directedness increases throughout chimpanzee vocal ontogeny, similar to human infants.
Directedness enhances social partner responsiveness, demonstrating a direct benefit to this style of communication.
Directedness and engagement could provide a route towards language phylogenetically as well as ontogenetically.
STEAMhouse Innovation Services: Strategies and Challenges for Regional Development in the UK
Authors: Banik Tanisha , Aftab Mersha , Bek Patrick 
Published: October 2022

…studies have shown that SMEs have specific barriers to growth and innovation, and more often, they constrain their innovation activities as a result.Incubators and accelerators play an essential role in developing small and medium enterprises. STEAMhouse integrates a design thinking approach to encourage an innovative culture in SMEs.
Strong influence of leaf tie formation and corresponding weak effect of leaf quality on herbivory in eight species of Quercus
Authors: Wang H. George , Wouk Jennifer , Anderson Randi , Marquis Robert J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Leaf shelter construction by herbivorous insects can improve leaf quality, sometimes changing resultant herbivory. In two experiments in a Missouri (USA) deciduous forest we quantified the impact of leaf tie construction and changes to leaf quality on subsequent leaf damage.
First, using eight Quercus species, we compared damage to single leaves versus experimental leaf ties that had been stocked with either Pseudotelphusa quercinigracella (Gelechiidae) or Psilocorsis cryptolechiella (Depressariidae) to determine how initial leaf quality (total phenolics) influenced damage caused by shelter inhabitants. Skeletonization by leaf tying caterpillars and leaf edge chewing by free feeding species were 12.2× and 1.3× greater on tied than on non‐tied leaves, respectively. July and September leaf phenolic content had a slight positive effect on the probability of skeletonization, none on the probability of edge damage, and a weakly positive or negative effect on the intensity of skeletonization and edge damage, depending on leaf position.
Second, we created experimental leaf ties, protected from herbivores, on the same Quercus species to determine whether tie formation changes leaf quality (total phenolics, nitrogen, water, toughness). Tie formation decreased phenolics, but this change was predicted to add only 0.8% leaf area loss.
Synthesis. Herbivory increased dramatically when leaves were in ties, with the effect mostly due to the tie itself rather than a change in leaf quality. We predict that the advantages of building and using leaf ties in this system are more likely to be escape from natural enemies and changes in abiotic factors.
Childhood trauma in patients with epileptic vs nonepileptic seizures
Authors: Yang Tianren , Roberts Caitlin , Winton‐Brown Toby , Lloyd Michael , Kwan Patrick , O'Brien Terence J. , Velakoulis Dennis , Rayner Genevieve , Malpas Charles B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveChildhood trauma has been implicated as a risk factor for the etiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES). Relatively little attention has been paid to whether profiles of specific trauma types differ between patients with epilepsy and PNES. Investigating childhood trauma profiles in these patient groups may identify psychological vulnerabilities that predispose to developing PNES, and aid early diagnoses, prevention, and treatment.MethodsData were collected from two cohorts (nRetrospective = 203; nProspective = 209) admitted to video–electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring units in Melbourne Australia. The differences in Childhood Trauma Questionnaire domain score between patient groups were investigated using standardized effect sizes and general linear mixed‐effects models (GLMMs). Receiver‐operating characteristic curves were used to investigate classification accuracy.ResultsIn the retrospective cohort, patients diagnosed with PNES reported greater childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect relative to patients with epilepsy. These differences were replicated in the prospective cohort, except for physical abuse. GLMMs revealed significant main effects for group in both cohorts, but no evidence for any group by domain interactions. Reported sexual abuse showed the best screening performance of PNES, although no psychometric scores were adequate as isolated measures.SignificancePatients with PNES report a greater frequency of childhood trauma than patients with epilepsy. This effect appears to hold across all trauma types, with no strong evidence emerging for a particular trauma type that is more prevalent in PNES. From a practical perspective, inquiry regarding a history of sexual abuse shows the most promise as a screening measure.
The effect of diminazene, an angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 activator, on adenine‐induced chronic kidney disease in rats
Authors: Abdelrahman Aly M. , Ali Badreldin H. , Ali Haytham , Manoj Priyadarsini , Al‐Suleimani Yousuf 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present study investigated the effect of diminazene, lisinopril, or valsartan on adenine‐induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups (n = 6). The first and second groups received normal diet and adenine in the feed at a dose of 0.25% w/w for 35 days, respectively. The third, fourth, and fifth groups were treated as the second group but also received diminazene (15 mg/kg/day), lisinopril (10 mg/kg/day), and valsartan (30 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 35 days. Adenine significantly increased plasma urea, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), calcium, phosphorus, and uric acid. In addition, adenine increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and N‐Acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosaminidase (NAG)/creatinine ratio and reduced creatinine clearance. Adenine also significantly increased the plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (plasma tumor necrosis factor–alpha [TNF‐α] and interleukin‐1beta [IL‐1β]) and significantly reduced antioxidant indices (catalase, glutathione reductase [GR], and superoxide dismutase [SOD]). Histopathologically, renal tissue from adenine‐treated rats showed necrosis of renal tubules, tubular casts, shrunken glomeruli, and increased renal fibrosis. All drugs ameliorated adenine‐induced biochemical and histopathological changes. The protective effect of the three drugs used is, at least partially, due to their anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Our results show that administration of diminazene, lisinopril, or valsartan had a comparable effect on the reversal of the biochemical and histopathological indices of adenine‐induced CKD in rats.
Neglecting acclimation of photosynthesis under drought can cause significant errors in predicting leaf photosynthesis in wheat
Authors: Fang Liang , Martre Pierre , Jin Kaining , Du Xinmiao , van der Putten Peter E. L. , Yin Xinyou , Struik Paul C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExtreme climatic events, such as heat waves, cold snaps and drought spells, related to global climate change, have become more frequent and intense in recent years. Acclimation of plant physiological processes to changes in environmental conditions is a key component of plant adaptation to climate change. We assessed the temperature response of leaf photosynthetic parameters in wheat grown under contrasting water regimes and growth temperatures (Tgrowth). Two independent experiments were conducted under controlled conditions. In Experiment 1, two wheat genotypes were subjected to well‐watered or drought‐stressed treatments; in Experiment 2, the two water regimes combined with high, medium and low Tgrowth were imposed on one genotype. Parameters of a biochemical C3‐photosynthesis model were estimated at six leaf temperatures for each factor combination. Photosynthesis acclimated more to drought than to Tgrowth. Drought affected photosynthesis by lowering its optimum temperature (Topt) and the values at Topt of light‐saturated net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, mesophyll conductance, the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) and the maximum rate of carboxylation by Rubisco (Vcmax). Topt for Vcmax was up to 40°C under well‐watered conditions but 24–34°C under drought. The decrease in photosynthesis under drought varied among Tgrowth but was similar between genotypes. The temperature response of photosynthetic quantum yield under drought was partly attributed to photorespiration but more to alternative electron transport. All these changes in biochemical parameters could not be fully explained by the changed leaf nitrogen content. Further model analysis showed that both diffusional and biochemical parameters of photosynthesis and their thermal sensitivity acclimate little to Tgrowth, but acclimate considerably to drought and the combination of drought and Tgrowth. The commonly used modelling approaches, which typically consider the response of diffusional parameters, but ignore acclimation responses of biochemical parameters to drought and Tgrowth, strongly overestimate leaf photosynthesis under variable temperature and drought.