bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rajyoga Meditation: Effects on Visual Evoked Potentials in Migraine Patients
Authors: Kacker Sudhanshu , Sharma Anshul , Somani Sheshav , Kawale Shailesh K , Tak Amit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Migraine is a disabling disease characterized by recurrent headaches, affecting the individual, family, and society. Light can precipitate migraine attacks, and most migraine auras are visual, suggesting, in particular, the role of the visual system in the pathophysiology of migraine. The present study assessed the effects of rajyoga meditation on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in migraine patients.
Materials and Methods
This repeated measures study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Rajasthan University of Health Sciences, Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) and Jaipuria Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan, India) after approval from the institutional ethics committee. The study included 185 migraine patients (Group A) and 51 age-matched controls (Group B), satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. VEPs of A and B groups were recorded and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Further, group A patients followed weekly sessions of rajyoga meditation at the Department of Physiology for three months and daily half-hour meditation at home. After three months, VEPs were re-recorded and compared with pre-intervention measurements using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The level of significance was considered at 5%.
Results
The P100 latency was significantly delayed (W = 2954 ; p < 0.001) and P100 amplitude (W = 6561; p < 0.001) was significantly lower in migraine patients than in control group. However, no significant differences were found in N75 latency (W = 3902.5 ; p = 0.06) and N145 latency (W = 4008.5; p = 0.10). The intervention of rajyoga meditation in migraine patients showed significant decrease in P100 latency (W = 11306.5; p < 0.001) and significant increase in P 100 peak amplitude ( W = 3138; p < 0.001)
Conclusion
The present study showed favorable effects of rajyoga meditation on P100 latencies in migraine patients. The migraineurs might consider this non-pharmacologic measure as an adjunct with antimigraine therapy. However, more studies are required to establish the benefits of rajyoga meditation in migraine.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis associated variants of CFAP410 affect the DNA damage response leading to Motor neuron degeneration
Authors: Ferguson Ross , Subramanian Vasanta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mutations in CFAP410, a basal body protein known to be required for the formation of primary cilia, have been recently identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating late onset neurodegenerative disorder with poor prognosis. CFAP410 is also implicated in the DNA damage response and interacts with Nek1 also shown to be mutated in ALS. In this study we have investigated the effect of knocking in a HA epitope tag and two ALS associated mutations into the endogenous Cfap410 gene by gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We show that primary cilia in these mESCs, the neural progenitors and neurons differentiated from these mESCs do not exhibit any gross abnormalities. However, ESCs, neural progenitors and neurons with knockin Cfap410 ALS variants are more susceptible to DNA damage and exhibit impaired interaction with Nek1. Our findings point to DNA damage as a convergent pathway leading to ALS.
Polygenic Predisposition, Sleep Duration, and Depression: Evidence from a Prospective Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Hamilton Odessa S. , Steptoe Andrew , Ajnakina Olesya 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background.
Suboptimal sleep durations and depression frequently cooccur. Short-sleep and long-sleep are commonly thought of as symptoms of depression, but a growing literature suggest that they may be prodromal. While each represents a process of mutual influence, directionality between them remains unclear. Using polygenetic scores (PGS), we investigate the prospective direction involved in suboptimal sleep durations and depression symptoms.
Methods.
Participants aged ≥ 50 were recruited from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). PGS for sleep duration, short-sleep, and long-sleep were calculated using summary statistics data from the UK Biobank cohort. Sleep duration, categorised into short-sleep (“≤5hrs”), optimal-sleep (“>5-<9hrs”), and long-sleep (“≥9hrs”), was measured at baseline and across an average 8-year follow-up. Severe depression symptoms (measured with Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) were also ascertained at baseline and across an average 8-year follow-up.
Results.
One standard deviation increase in PGS for short-sleep was associated with 14% higher odds of severe depression symptoms onset (95%CI = 1.03–1.25, p = 0.008). However, PGS for sleep duration (OR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.84-1.00, p = 0.053) and long-sleep (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.89–1.06, p = 0.544) were not associated with severe depression symptoms onset during follow-up. During the same period, PGS for depression was not associated with overall sleep duration, short-sleep, or long-sleep.
Conclusion.
Polygenetic predisposition to short-sleep was associated with severe depression symptoms onset over the average 8-year period. However, polygenic predisposition to depression was not associated with overall sleep duration, short-sleep or long-sleep, suggesting that different mechanisms underlie the relationship between depression and the subsequent onset of suboptimal sleep durations in older adults.
The Effect of Selection of Initial Values on Finding the Root of a Multiple roots – Polynomial Equation
Authors: Batarius Patrisius 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of selecting the initial value on the root of a polynomial equation that has multiple roots. There are three methods used, namely the Brent method, the bisection method and the modified secant method. The Brent method is a combination of the bisection method, the IQI (Interval Quadratic Inverse) method and the secant method. Therefore, it is necessary to know the performance of the Brent method in finding the multiple roots of polynomial equations. The search for multiple roots reaches convergence faster when using the modified Newton-Raphson method or the modified secant method. There are 2 types of polynomial equations used. One equation has 3 roots and two of them have multiple roots (multiple roots). One other equation is a polynomial which has 4 equal roots and 3 of them have multiple roots with an odd number of roots. The analysis was carried out by selecting the same initial value for the three methods. The same lower bound is a = xl = xi-1 for the Brent method, the modified bisection method and the modified secant method, respectively. Likewise for the upper bound a = xu = xi. The selection of the initial value affects the final result of the root search, for the Brent method, the bisection method and the modified secant method. The comparisons made refer to the results of the root value and the speed of convergence as seen from the number of iterations of each method. From the simulation results, we propose the use of a modified secant method because it is more efficient in finding multiple roots in polynomial equations. For the Brent method, it needs to be further modified in order to get the multiple root value in the polynomial equation.
Microwave absorption behavior of (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) ternary composites-filled paraffin wax matrix
Authors: houbi anas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, Ternary composites of NiZn ferrite/carbonyl iron/carbon black (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) are prepared via two stages: Firstly, Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 is prepared using a self-combustion method. After that, the process is continued via mixing CB, CI, and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 through the grinding balls. Three various weight ratios of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB (1:1:1, 1:1:2, and 2:1:1) with various thicknesses (2–4–6 mm) are prepared. The absorbers are prepared by dispersing (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/CI/CB) composites with a weight ratio of 40% w/w within a paraffin wax matrix. X-ray diffractometry and FTIR spectroscopy are utilized in order to characterize the samples. The morphology of the powders is investigated by SEM. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and microwave absorption properties are measured in the frequency band of 8.8–12 GHz to investigate the microwave characterization. The microwave absorption materials (MAMs) show wide bandwidths under − 10 dB in the range of 2.8–3.2 GHz and reasonable surface density in the range of 3.62–4.04 kg/m2. The MAM shows a minimal reflection loss of -19.4 dB at the matching frequency of 9.9 GHz for the thickness of 6 mm. The maximum shielding efficiency is 21.7 dB at 11.0 GHz for 4 mm thickness of the F/CI/CB-111 composite sample.
Association of Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 gene polymor- phisms with infection and antiviral efficacy of chronic hepatitis C virus
Authors: Yang Xun-Jun , Wang Xiao-Ou , Liu Linna , Ge Haifeng , Chen Yao , Ye Songdao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major public health concern in developing countries. Pathogenesis of hepatitis C infection is poorly understood. Previously, we found higher Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 (IRF-3) expression in HCV-infected patients. However, the effect of IRF-3 polymorphism on the incidence of HCV infection and antiviral efficacy has not been sufficiently evaluated. In this retrospectively study, 178 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 82 matched healthy controls were enrolled. All patients received standard dose of polyethylene glycol interferon and ribavirin (PR regimen), and were assigned to response, non-response, sustained virological re-sponse (SVR), and non-sustained virological response (NSVR) groups based on their content of HCV RNA. Gene polymorphisms were detected by DNA sequencing, and the plasma IRF-3 and IFN-β levels were measured by ELISA to assess the impact of IRF-3 gene variations and contents on the risk of HCV infection and antiviral efficacy. The results showed that plasma contents of IRF-3 and IFN-β were significantly different between the CHC and control groups, the response and non-response groups, and the SVR and non-SVR groups. rs2304206 C > T but not rs2304204A > G was associated with increased risk for CHC, and reduced antiviral efficacy between both response groups and SVR groups. Haplotype GT type suffered negative consequence be-tween the CHC and control groups, the responder and non-responder groups, and the SVR and non-SVR groups. The content of IFR-3 in CT genotype of rs2304206 was higher than that in CC genotype. In conclusion, the polymorphism of IFR-3 affects the plasma levels of IFR-3 and associated with HCV infection and interferon antiviral efficacy, where the T allele of rs2304206 may be a susceptibility factor for CHC and adversely impact interferon antiviral response.
Requirements for Translation in Clinical Trials of Aromatherapy: The Case of the
Essential Oil of Bergamot (BEO) for Management of Agitation in Severe Dementia
Authors: Scuteri Damiana , Sakurada Shinobu , Sakurada Tsukasa , Tonin Paolo , Bagetta Giacinto , Nicotera Pierluigi , Corasaniti Maria Tiziana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Due to the tight link between undertreated pain and agitation in dementia patients, aromatherapy can
be a useful approach if an essential oil (EO) with powerful analgesic activity is used. The methodological difficulties
of most aromatherapy trials have not allowed any definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of aromatherapy
in dementia. The objective of the present perspective is to illustrate the long rigorous process leading
from preclinical research to clinical translation of the EO of bergamot (BEO) for the management of agitation
in dementia. A nanotechnology-based delivery system consisting of odorless alpha-tocopheryl stearate solid lipid
nanoparticles (SLN) loaded with BEO (NanoBEO), has been proven active in acute and neuropathic pain
models confirming the strong antinociceptive and anti-allodynic efficacy reported for BEO in preclinical studies.
In particular, prolonged physicochemical stability of NanoBEO and titration in its main components are
remarkable advantages allowing reproducible antinociceptive and anti-itch responses to be measured. Furthermore,
the possibility to perform double-blind clinical trials made impossible so far because of the strong smell
of essential oils used in aromatherapy. Demented patients receive limited treatment for chronic pain, particularly
neuropathic. The BRAINAID (NCT04321889) trial will assess the effectiveness of NanoBEO on agitation
and pain in severely demented patients to offer a safe tool able to provide relief to this fragile population. This
double-blind clinical trial will be the first to assess the efficacy and safety of an engineered essential oil and will
provide the rationale for the safer treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia and pain in clinic.
Ketamine: From Prescription Anaesthetic to a New Psychoactive Substance
Authors: Varì Maria Rosaria , Ricci Giovanna , Cavallo Marco , Pichini Simona , Sirignano Ascanio , Graziano Silvia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Discovered in the United States of America (USA) in the 1960s, ketamine was introduced as an anaesthetic drug to specifically replace phencyclidine. Briefly, the substance moved from the medical world to recreational users, since it was discovered that intense psychedelic experiences were obtained with dosages lower than those prescribed for anesthesia. At the end of the 90’s, circulated in London nightclubs as a drug itself and as counterfeit 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine tablets. In 1997, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) alerted the United States (US) government to the increasing diffusion of ketamine in American 'clubs', and in 1999, the substance was added to Schedule III of drugs controlled by federal authorities. In 2002, ketamine epidemics moved to Europe, and the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction carried out a risk assessment monitoring of the phenomenon. An estimated ninety-nine percent of all global ketamine seizures occurred in Asia. Its growing popularity is due to the fact that this new psychoactive substance is cheaper than other stimulants such as MDMA that the amount used for recreational purposes does not cause respiratory depression and its legal use as a drug makes it widely available for a diversion towards illicit markets. Nevertheless, acute intoxication and several deaths have been related to exclusive ketamine use both in Europe and internationally. Since 2015, there has been and increasing rise of the illicit ketamine market and currently the drug is being used with unprecedented peaks and a consequent significant increase in seizures and clinical cases worldwide.
Hybrid-Compounds Against Trypanosomiases
Authors: Ferreira da Silva-Júnior Edeildo , Nunes Jessica Alves 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a global public health problem associated with approximately 20 conditions. Among these, Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by T. brucei gambiense or T. brucei rhodesiense, affect mainly the populations of the countries from the American continent and sub-Saharan Africa. Pharmacological therapies used for such illnesses are not yet fully effective. In this context, the search for new therapeutic alternatives against these diseases becomes necessary. A drug design tool, recently recognized for its effectiveness in obtaining ligands capable of modulat-ing multiple targets for complex diseases, concerns molecular hybridization. Therefore, this review aims to demonstrate the importance of applying molecular hybridization in facing the challenges of developing prototypes as candidates for the treatment of parasitic diseases. Therefore, studies in-volving different chemical classes that investigated and used hybrid compounds in recent years were compiled in this work, such as thiazolidinones, naphthoquinones, quinolines, and others. Finally, this review covers several applications of the exploration of molecular hybridization as a potent strategy in the development of molecules potentially active against trypanosomiases, in order to provide information that can help in designing new drugs with trypanocidal activity.
Comparison of Safety and Effectiveness between Levetiracetam and
Phenytoin in the Treatment of Pediatric Status Epilepticus: A Meta-
Analysis
Authors: AlMuhanna Fatimah A. , AlMulihi Qasem A. , AlMuhanna Mohammed A. , AlSultan Eman A. 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of levetiracetam and phenytoin by evaluating
the events of seizure termination and recurrence in children.

Methods:
We used the internet databases PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar to conduct a literature
search for the appropriate studies. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate the odds ratio using
fixed and random-effects models.

Results:
We identified 15 studies that were eligible for the meta-analysis. The incidence of seizure
termination within 24 h was 76.9% for levetiracetam and 70.5% for phenytoin. Levetiracetam had a
higher number of seizure termination events than phenytoin (P = 0.005, I2 = 66%). The incidence of
seizure recurrence within 24 h was 10% for levetiracetam and 15.6% for phenytoin. Phenytoin had a
significantly higher number of seizure recurrence events than levetiracetam (P = 0.00007, I2 = 21%).

Conclusions:
The efficacy and safety of levetiracetam are superior to that of phenytoin in children with
status epilepticus. Large Randomized Controlled Trial studies are needed to confirm the result in children.

Registration Number:
INPLASY2021100082 at https://inplasy.com
Imidazole Hydrochloride Promoted Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes
Authors: Yuan Jianyong , Shang Suqin , Wang Yin , Wang Xuetong , Li Yanwu , Zhang Xiuyu , Li Lingli , He Tingshu 
Published: May 2022

Background:
and objective: As a key pharmacophore, the cyano group widely exists in
a variety of biologically active compounds. Besides, nitriles are also valuable intermediates for
many common functional groups. In this current work, a new synthesis strategy was developed to
obtain nitriles from aldehydes.

Methods:
Using commercially available aldehydes as raw materials, and hydroxylamine and hydrochloride
as nitrogen sources, the corresponding nitrile compounds were successfully synthesized
by the one-pot method through the promotion of imidazole hydrochloride. And it was characterized
by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry.

Results:
Various reaction conditions were applied in order to find an optimum and convenient procedure
for the formation of nitriles. The highest yields (95%) were achieved using sulfolane as a
solvent, and imidazole hydrochloride as a promoter.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, we developed a new synthetic method for nitrile compounds from aldehydes.
Twenty seven examples of functionalized nitrile compounds have been synthesized in
good to excellent yields. This methodology features that an environmentally benign imidazole hydrochloride
replaces transition metal catalysts and oxidants required in conventional strategies to
convert aldehydes into nitriles with good functional group tolerability. Further exploration of imidazole
hydrochloride is ongoing in our laboratory.
PREECLAMPSIA: Long-term Prognosis in Mother and their Children
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Kaur Simran , Chauhan Pratik N. , Sandhu Navjot Kaur 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Pre-eclampsia is a type of hypertension that affects several organs during pregnancy. Preeclampsia,
on the other hand, does not go away once the baby is born, but it can harm the mother
and her children for years. A pre-eclamptic woman is at risk for cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular
disease, renal disease, and metabolic abnormalities later in life if she has pre-eclampsia. In research,
children born to pre-eclamptic moms have had a variety of issues. These conditions are associated
with cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and gastrointestinal issues later in life. The
purpose of this study is to learn more about the long-term impact of pre-eclampsia on both mothers
and children. Pregnancy and postpartum offer a unique window of opportunity for screening and intervention
for both mother and child in the interests of health maintenance and disease prevention.
Cytotoxic Effects of Homeopathic Preparations on Human Tumor Cells
In Vitro
Authors: Plotnikov Evgenii , Botkina Olga 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The aim of this work was to conduct an in vitro assessment of the possible cytotoxic
effects of homeopathic drugs and consider possible mechanisms.

Background:
Homeopathy is still widely used as a complementary (alternative) medicine in different
countries throughout the world. However, the method raises a lot of scientific debate about
its effectiveness and mechanisms of action. This is especially true concerning the use of homeopathy
in cancer treatment.

Objective:
This work aimed to comparatively assess the cytotoxic effect of homeopathic remedies
on tumor cell cultures.

Materials and Methods:
We studied different dilutions of homeopathic medicines: Hydrastis,
Conium and Carcinosinum. Cell lines of prostate cancer PC-3, breast cancer MDA-MB-231, and
lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat were used as model tumor objects. Standard colorimetric MTT test
and cytometric analysis of cells were used here to assess the viability and parameters of apoptosis
of cells.

Results:
Comparative assessment of the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects did not reveal
significant differences in the viability of tumor cells in the groups exposed to homeopathic preparations
among themselves and in comparison with the control group. The effects of the action of
homeopathic remedies are shown only in the form of trends. Some possible mechanisms of the
obtained results are considered.

Conclusion:
The results obtained in vitro indicated the absence of a direct cytotoxic effect in the
studied homeopathic preparations. Despite the objective data, this does not allow us to make a final
conclusion about the absence of antitumor activity of these drugs in vivo, since the possible or
potential effects depend on the parameters of a living organism that are difficult to control and are
often based only on hypothetical mechanisms. Some aspects of the action of homeopathy probably
cannot be reproduced in vitro.