bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the sequential accumulation of metabolic syndrome components in adults
Authors: Fernández-Verdejo Rodrigo , Galgani Jose E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) is diagnosed upon the manifestation of ≥ 3 out of 5 specific components, regardless of their combination. The sequence through which these components accumulate may serve to identify underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and improve MetS treatment. We aimed to explore whether there is a more frequent sequence of accumulation of components in adults. The cross-sectional data of the National Health Survey of Chile 2016–2017 was analyzed. Subjects aged 18 to < 65 years, with body mass index ≥ 18.5 kg/m2, having all MetS components measured, and not under drug treatment were included (n = 1944, 60% women). MetS components were operationalized based on harmonized criteria: elevated waist circumference (≥ 91 cm for men, ≥ 83 cm for women), reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; < 40 mg/dL for men, < 50 mg/dL for women), elevated triglycerides (≥ 150 mg/dL), elevated blood pressure (≥ 130 mmHg for systolic, or ≥ 85 mmHg for diastolic), and elevated glycemia (≥ 100 mg/dL). Subjects were grouped according to the number of components. Then, the prevalence of the observed combinations was determined. In subjects with one component, the most prevalent was waist circumference (56.7%). In subjects with two, the most prevalent combination was waist circumference and HDL-C (50.8%), while in subjects with three components was waist circumference, HDL-C, and triglycerides (54.0%). Finally, in subjects with four, the most prevalent combination was waist circumference, HDL-C, triglycerides, and blood pressure (40.8%). This pattern suggests that the most frequent accumulation sequence starts with abdominal obesity, followed by dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and ultimately, dysglycemia. The factors that determine the sequence remain to be determined.
Fluorescent porous organic polymers for detection and adsorption of nitroaromatic compounds
Authors: Xiong Jia-Bin , Ban Ding-Ding , Zhou Yong-Juan , Du Hui-Jun , Zhao Ai-Wei , Xie Lan-Ge , Liu Guo-Qun , Chen Si-Ru , Mi Li-Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA fluorescent porous organic polymer (FPOP) with strong fluorescence and tunable emission colors, was synthesized through a simple cost-effective method via Scholl coupling reaction. Experiments proved the stability and excellent detection and adsorption ability, and microporous nature of the material. Luminescence of FPOP was quenched when addition of nitroaromatic compounds. The properties along with large-scale and low-cost preparation make these FPOP potential candidates for fluorescence detection of nitroaromatic compounds. Additionally, FPOP shows higher adsorption capacity and rate than other reported adsorbents, and has the possibility of being an effective adsorbent for industrial usage. Moreover, a fluorescent test paper was further developed and is found to be sensitive to 10–8 M level, complete with a rapid response time and visual detection. This newly developed strategy may open up an avenue for exploring porous polymers, particularly those with a strong fluorescence, for the large-scale fabrication of FPOP for various advanced applications.
Effects of electric charge on fracture healing
Authors: He Ling , Yao Yingling , Wang Nan , Nan Guoxin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFracture nonunion is a common and challenging complication. Although direct current stimulation has been suggested to promote fracture healing, differences in cell density near the positive and negative electrodes have been reported during direct current stimulation. This study aimed to explore the effects of these differences on osteoblast proliferation and fracture healing. MC3T3-E1 cells were stimulated by positive and negative charges to observe cell proliferation, apoptosis, and osteogenic factor expression in vitro, while positive and negative charges were connected to the Kirschner wires of the fractures in an in vivo double-toe fracture model in New Zealand white rabbits and fracture healing was assessed in digital radiography (DR) examinations performed on days 1, 15, 30. Bone tissue samples of all rabbits were analysed histologically after the last examination. The results showed that in comparison with the control group, after DC stimulation, the number of cells near the positive electrode decreased significantly (P < 0.05), apoptosis increased (P < 0.05), the expression of osteocalcin, osteoblast-specific genes, and osteonectin decreased significantly near the positive electrode (P < 0.05) and increased significantly at the negative electrode (P < 0.05). The fracture at the positive electrode junction of New Zealand white rabbits did not heal. Histomorphological analysis showed more bone trabeculae and calcified bone in the bone tissue sections of the control group and the negative electrode group than in the positive electrode group. The bone trabeculae were thick and showed good connections. However, positive charge inhibited osteoblast proliferation and a positive charge at fracture sites did not favour fracture healing. Thus, a positive charge near the fracture site may be a reason for fracture nonunion.
A distinct symptom pattern emerges for COVID-19 long-haul: a nationwide study
Authors: Pinto Melissa D. , Downs Charles A. , Huang Yong , El-Azab Sarah A. , Ramrakhiani Nathan S. , Barisano Anthony , Yu Lu , Taylor Kaitlyn , Esperanca Alvaro , Abrahim Heather L. , Hughes Thomas , Herrera Maria Giraldo , Rahamani Amir M. , Dutt Nikil , Chakraborty Rana , Mendiola Christian , Lambert Natalie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLong-haul COVID-19, also called post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), is a new illness caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and characterized by the persistence of symptoms. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify a distinct and significant temporal pattern of PASC symptoms (symptom type and onset) among a nationwide sample of PASC survivors (n = 5652). The sample was randomly sorted into two independent samples for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). Five factors emerged from the EFA: (1) cold and flu-like symptoms, (2) change in smell and/or taste, (3) dyspnea and chest pain, (4) cognitive and visual problems, and (5) cardiac symptoms. The CFA had excellent model fit (x2 = 513.721, df = 207, p < 0.01, TLI = 0.952, CFI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.024). These findings demonstrate a novel symptom pattern for PASC. These findings can enable nurses in the identification of at-risk patients and facilitate early, systematic symptom management strategies for PASC.
Silymarin reduces retinal microvascular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Karimi Rahman , Bakhshi Ali , Dayati Parisa , Abazari Omid , Shahidi Maryamsadat , Savaee Mohamadreza , Kafi Ehsan , Rahmanian Mehdi , Naghib Seyed Morteza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy is a severe microvascular problem in diabetes mellitus. Silymarin is a flavonoid compound, and according to previous studies, it is a bioactive compound with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This investigation aims to peruse the impact of silymarin against diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into the control group, STZ group, STZ + silymarin (50 mg/kg), and STZ + silymarin (100 mg/kg). STZ rats received silymarin every day until 2 months after diabetes induction. The serum and retinal tissues were collected 2 months after silymarin treatment to determine biochemical and molecular analyses. Silymarin markedly lowered the serum glucose concentration in diabetic rats. Silymarin reduced the increased levels of advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs), the receptors for AGEs (RAGE), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetic rats. Silymarin also attenuated the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase and nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 and diminished diabetes-induced overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), adhesion molecules, and extracellular matrix proteins in STZ rats. Our data suggested that silymarin has protective effects against diabetic retinopathy, which might be related to the inhibition of the AGEs/RAGE axis and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Molecular mechanisms of metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD): functional analysis of lipid metabolism pathways
Authors: Badmus Olufunto O. , Hillhouse Sarah A. , Anderson Christopher D. , Hinds Terry D. , Stec David E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a condition of fat accumulation in the liver in combination with metabolic dysfunction in the form of overweight or obesity and insulin resistance. It is also associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk, including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Hepatic lipid metabolism is regulated by a combination of the uptake and export of fatty acids, de novo lipogenesis, and fat utilization by β-oxidation. When the balance between these pathways is altered, hepatic lipid accumulation commences, and long-term activation of inflammatory and fibrotic pathways can progress to worsen the liver disease. This review discusses the details of the molecular mechanisms regulating hepatic lipids and the emerging therapies targeting these pathways as potential future treatments for MAFLD.
An optimum budget‐based development in maintenance for electric power transmission networks
Authors: Taheri Otaghsara Seyed Sina , Asghari Gharakheili Masoud 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn the topic of power systems, the most critical assignment would be providing facilities to make electricity available at the lowest price with a fulfilled level of reliability for all consumers. Today, power transmission reliability has received more concentration due to the increasing essence of providing high‐quality energy to customers and operating competitive conditions in electricity markets. In this regard, this paper scrutinizes the reliability‐centred maintenance (RCM) issue in terms of considering two optimal maintenance strategies for transmission assets to decrease their forced outage rate (FOR). This techno‐economic budget‐based maintenance is a probabilistic approach to help asset managers and experts in the decision‐making process: to determine between maintenance strategies with associated costs and provide the most economical resource allocation for these elements, which leads to an improvement in the reliability of the whole network. Decreasing the average probability of Energy Not‐Supplied (ENS), the simulation determined the proper maintenance strategy for transmission components. After that, the repercussions of the fallen ENS will be analyzed in total maintenance cost (MC), operation cost (OC), and the system's total cost (TC). Also, the IEEE 24‐bus reliability test system is considered as a case study demonstrating the proposed technique's practicality.
Geodesic Gramian denoising applied to the images contaminated with noise sampled from diverse probability distributions
Authors: Gajamannage Kelum , Park Yonggi , Sadovski Alexey 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs quotidian use of sophisticated cameras surges, people in modern society are more interested in capturing fine‐quality images. However, the quality of the images might be inferior to people's expectations due to the noise contamination in the images. Thus, filtering out the noise while preserving vital image features is an essential requirement. Existing denoising methods have assumptions, on the probability distribution in which the contaminated noise is sampled, for the method to attain its expected denoising performance. In this paper, the recent Gramian‐based filtering scheme to remove noise sampled from five prominent probability distributions from selected images is utilized. This method preserves image smoothness by adopting patches partitioned from the image, rather than pixels, and retains vital image features by performing denoising on the manifold underlying the patch space rather than in the image domain. Its denoising performance is validated, using six benchmark computer vision test images applied to two state‐of‐the‐art denoising methods, namely BM3D and K‐SVD.
Intent Arabic text categorisation based on different machine learning and term frequency
Authors: Fadhil Mahdi Mohammad , Shuker Mahmoud Mahmoud 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe complexity of Internet network configurations has made managing networks a complicated undertaking. Intent‐Based Networking (IBN) is a potential solution to this issue. In contrast to conventional networks, where a concrete description of the settings typically conveys a network administrator's goal kept on each device, an administrator's intent in an IBN is articulated prescriptively and abstractly as what he intends to do. Based on reactive settings that convey the administrator's intention, a technique that enables an administrator to automatically alter network configuration in response to changes in the external environment is provided. This research will discuss automatic network management techniques based on term frequency and machine learning models (SVM, NB, DT, and KNN). The tests were conducted, and the outcomes showed that the SVM produced accurate results (86.324%). As a result, the SVM in the proposed model is very acceptable.
Trigonometric words ranking model for spam message classification
Authors: Hadi Suha Mohammed , Alsaeedi Ali Hakem , Al‐Shammary Dhiah , Alkareem Alyasseri Zaid Abdi , Mohammed Mazin Abed , Abdulkareem Karrar Hameed , Nuiaa Riyadh Rahef , Jaber Mustafa Musa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe significant increase in the volume of fake (spam) messages has led to an urgent need to develop and implement a robust anti‐spam method. Several of the current anti‐spam systems depend mainly on the word order of the message in determining the spam message, which results in the system's inability to predict the correct type of message when the word order changes. In this paper, a new framework is proposed for anti‐spam filtering that does not depend on the word's position in the message, called the Trigonometric Words Ranking Model (TWRM). The proposed TWRM is based on restricting spammers over the network by measuring a theta angle, which is a relationship between message weight and spam. TWRM classifies messages by calculating the rank of each word that places the corresponding message in the correct class. The rank of words is derived from their frequency in the entire data category. The proposed method is applied to three datasets of spam messages: UCI spam email, Enron spam, and TREC spam data. The proposed model is proven as more efficient than the Minhash and vector space models. Moreover, the TWRM performance provided better retrieval time and defence, which is reflected in the accuracy of (99.64%), which is higher than that of Minhash (88.79%) and vector space (92.59%).
FilDReaMS
Authors: Carrière J.-S. , Montier L. , Ferrière K. , Ristorcelli I. 
Published: September 2022

Context.Filamentary structures appear to be ubiquitous in the interstellar medium. Being able to detect and characterize them is the first step toward understanding their origin, their evolution, and their role in the Galactic cycle of matter.Aims.We present a new method, calledFilDReaMS, to detect and analyze filaments in a given image. This method is meant to be fast, user-friendly, multi-scale, and suited for statistical studies.Methods.The input image is scanned with a rectangular model bar, which makes it possible to uncover structures that can be locally approximated by this bar and to derive their orientations. The bar width can be varied over a broad range of values to probe filaments of different widths.Results.We performed several series of tests to validate the method and to assess its sensitivity to the level of noise, the filament aspect ratios, and the dynamic range of filament intensities. We found that the method exhibits very good performance at recovering the orientation of the filamentary structures, with an accuracy of 0.5° in nominal conditions, and up to 3° in the worst-case scenario with high levels of noise. The width of the filament is recovered with uncertainties of better than 0.5 px (pixels) in most cases, which could extend up to 3px in the case of low signal-to-noise ratios. Some attempt to build a correspondence between Plummer-type filament profiles and the outcomes of the method is proposed, but remains sensitive to the local environment.Conclusions.We find ourFilDReaMSto be robust and adapted to the identification and reconstruction of filamentary structures in various environments, from diffuse to dense medium. It allows us to explore the hierarchical scales of these filamentary structures with a high reliability, especially when dealing with their orientation.
Understanding if molecular ratios can be used as diagnostics of AGN and starburst activity: The case of NGC 1068
Authors: Butterworth J. , Holdship J. , Viti S. , García-Burillo S. 
Published: September 2022

Context.Molecular line ratios, such as HCN(1−0)/HCO+(1−0) and HCN(4−3)/CS(7−6), are routinely used to identify active galactic nuclei (AGN) activity in galaxies. Such ratios are, however, hard to interpret as they are highly dependent on the physics and energetics of the gas, and hence can seldom be used as a unique, unambiguous diagnostic.Aims.We used the composite galaxy NGC 1068 as a “laboratory” to investigate whether molecular line ratios between HCN, HCO+, and CS are useful tracers of AGN-dominated gas and determine the origin of the differences in such ratios across different types of gas. Such a determination will enable a more rigorous use of such ratios.Methods.First, we empirically examined the aforementioned ratios at different angular resolutions to quantify correlations. We then used local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE analyses coupled with Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling in order to determine the origin of the underlying differences in ratios.Results.We propose that at high spatial resolution (< 50 pc) the HCN(4−3)/CS(2−1) is a reliable tracer of AGN activity. We also find that the variations in ratios are not a consequence of different densities or temperature but of different fractional abundances, yielding to the important result that it is essential to consider the chemical processes at play when drawing conclusions from radiative transfer calculations.Conclusions.From analyses at varying spatial scales, we find that previously proposed molecular line ratios, as well as a new one, have varying levels of consistency. We also determine from an investigation of radiative transfer modelling of our data that it is essential to consider the chemistry of the species when reaching conclusions from radiative transfer calculations.
Editorial
Authors: Biberschick Michael 
Published: September 2022

Liebe Leserinnen, liebe Leser,ich hoffe, es ist mir, aber v. a. meinen Autoren, wieder eine interessante
und vielseitige Ausgabe der DO gelungen. Als Mitherausgeber der DO bemühe
ich mich immer, dass sich die thematische Vielfalt der osteopathischen Themen in den
Artikeln abbildet. Denn so ist auch unser osteopathischer Alltag: Wir begegnen in
unseren Praxen Patientinnen und Patienten mit sehr vielen, ganz unterschiedlichen
Beschwerdebildern. Die Osteopathie ist meiner Meinung nach die perfekte Mischung aus
medizinischem Wissen und Können, aber auch Kunst. Ich weiß nicht,
wie es Ihnen geht, aber ich bin Osteopath aus Leidenschaft.
Rettungsschirm fürs Team
Authors: Holtschmidt Ilona 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungResilienz ist die Fähigkeit, Schwierigkeiten und Herausforderungen zu meistern und bestenfalls daran zu wachsen. Diese Fähigkeit besitzen nicht nur Individuen, sondern auch Teams und Organisationen können sie erlernen, um für stürmische Zeiten vorbereitet zu sein.
Aspekte der kieferorthopädischen Behandlung erwachsener
Patienten: Interdisziplinäre Aufgaben mit ästhetischen
Apparaturen
Authors: Meyer Philipp , Jacobs Collin 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie kieferorthopädische Behandlung erwachsener Patienten nimmt stetig zu.
Präprothetische Indikationsstellungen, parodontal vorgeschädigte
Gebisse, aber auch Behandlungen nach Rezidiv, die beispielsweise mit dem
„X-Effekt“ einhergehen, werden Teil des täglichen
Patientenaufkommens der Kieferorthopädie. CMD-Problematiken mit einer
langen Patientengeschichte und ausgeprägte Dysgnathien, die neben der
Kieferorthopädie noch andere medizinische Fachrichtungen
benötigen, um ein erfolgreiches Ergebnis zu erzielen, runden das
Spektrum der Erwachsenenbehandlung ab. Aufgrund der komplexen Anamnese dieser
Patientengruppe ist eine Grundkenntnis über verschiedene Fachrichtungen
von Vorteil, um sich interdisziplinär austauschen zu können und
einen individuellen Therapieansatz wählen zu können. Zum
individuellen Therapieansatz gehören auch die modernen Apparaturen und
Behandlungsmöglichkeiten, welche die Kieferorthopädie heutzutage
bereichern. Konventionelle Multibracketapparaturen, Aligner und
individualisierte linguale Apparaturen können je nach Anamnese gewisse
Vorteile mit sich bringen, die der Kieferorthopäde kennen und anwenden
sollte. Die Digitalisierung ist auch in unserem Fachgebiet soweit, dass die
Vorteile immer mehr an Bedeutung gewinnen und die interdisziplinäre
Zusammenarbeit immer digitaler und präziser werden kann. Dieser Artikel
soll einen kleinen Einblick in die Möglichkeiten der modernen
Kieferorthopädie im Rahmen der Erwachsenenbehandlung geben.
Biomechanik: Was hat sich geändert?
Authors: Verna Carlalberta 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungUm die Effektivität kieferorthopädischer Behandlungen in Hinblick
auf die Behandlungsdauer und die Ästhetik der verwendeten Apparaturen zu
verbessern, sind unterschiedliche Geräte und Verfahren entwickelt
worden.Durch die Einführung der skelettalen Verankerung hat sich die
biomechanische Effektivität deutlich verbessert. Bei Verfahren, welche
die biologische Antwort des Patienten beeinflussen, scheint die Kortikotomie mit
oder ohne Knochenaufbau und Weichgewebetransplantation eher in Bezug auf die
Qualität, als auf die Geschwindigkeit von Zahnbewegungen am
vielversprechendsten zu sein. Eine Finite Elemente-Studie konnte zeigen, dass
sich eine Translationsbewegung nach der Veränderung der Knochendichte
schneller und länger durchführen lässt. Im Zusammenhang
mit unsichtbaren bzw. weniger sichtbaren Apparaturen ist die Biomechanik im
Rahmen der Lingualtherapie bei der Kontrolle der Inklination der unteren
Schneidezähne sowohl bei Jump Bite-Geräten und bei der
Retraktion überlegen. Der Enthusiasmus, mit dem die Aligner-Therapie
eingeführt worden ist, hat inzwischen nachgelassen. Es ist klar
geworden, dass diese Art der Behandlung bei einigen Zahnbewegungen nicht die
biomechanischen Vorteile bieten kann, die festsitzende Geräte
auszeichnen. Für einfachere Zahnbewegungen sind sie jedoch geeignet und
hier besonders bei der hybriden Behandlung, bei der die biomechanischen Vorteile
festsitzender Geräte mit den ästhetischen Vorteilen der Aligner
kombiniert werden.