bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the duration of post‐silking drought on the starch physicochemical properties of waxy maize
Authors: Huo Zhenggang , Wang Longfei , Yang Huan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDrought is a major abiotic stress that affects the physicochemical properties of cereal starch. However, quantitative information on the effects of drought duration on the starch quality of waxy maize, a special maize‐type starch composed of nearly pure amylopectin, has been lacking. The effects of post‐silking drought duration 1–10 (DS10), 1–20 (DS20), and 1–30 (DS30) days after pollination on the physicochemical properties of starch were assessed from 2019 to 2020 using two waxy maize hybrids as materials.ResultsWith extending drought duration, the starch granule size and average amylopectin chain length of Jingkenuo2000 (JKN2000) gradually increased, with those of Suyunuo5 (SYN5) being the highest for DS20, followed by DS30. All drought durations decreased the degree of branching of both hybrids, with the lowest value obtained for DS30 and DS20 in JKN2000 and SYN5, respectively. Relative crystallinity increased for DS30 in both hybrids but its responses for DS10 and DS20 differed. Pasting viscosities and gelatinization enthalpy were decreased and retrogradation percentage was increased by drought stress. The lowest pasting viscosities were observed for DS30, and the highest retrogradation percentage was found for DS10 in general.ConclusionPost‐silking drought led to the pasting and retrogradation properties deteriorating, with decreased pasting viscosities and increased retrogradation percentage. The decrease in viscosity was caused by enlarged granules. Meanwhile, the increased proportion of amylopectin chains with a degree of polymerization of 25–36 resulted in lower viscosity and higher retrogradation. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Racial‐ethnic variations in phyllodes tumors among a multicenter United States cohort
Authors: Nash Amanda L. , Thomas Samantha M. , Nimbkar Suniti N. , Hieken Tina J. , Ludwig Kandice K. , Jacobs Lisa K. , Miller Megan E. , Gallagher Kristalyn K. , Wong Jasmine , Neuman Heather B. , Tseng Jennifer , Hassinger Taryn E. , King Tari A. , Hwang E. Shelley , Jakub James W. , Rosenberger Laura H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and objectivesPrevious studies have identified racial‐ethnic differences in the diagnostic patterns and recurrence outcomes of women with phyllodes tumors (PT). However, these studies are generally limited in size and generalizability. We therefore sought to explore racial‐ethnic differences in age, tumor size, subtype, and recurrence in a large US cohort of women with PT.MethodsWe performed an 11‐institution retrospective review of women with PT from 2007 to 2017. Differences in age at diagnosis, tumor size and subtype, and recurrence‐free survival according to race‐ethnicity.ResultsWomen of non‐White race or Hispanic ethnicity were younger at the time of diagnosis with phyllodes tumor. Non‐Hispanic Other women had a larger proportion of malignant PT. There were no differences in recurrence‐free survival in our cohort.ConclusionsDifferences in age, tumor size, and subtype were small. Therefore, the workup of young women with breast masses and the treatment of women with PT should not differ according to race‐ethnicity. These conclusions are supported by our finding that there were no differences in recurrence‐free survival.
Role of artificial intelligence in marketing strategies and performance
Authors: Wu Chih‐Wen , Monfort Abel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examines the role of artificial intelligence (AI) as a marketing strategy and explains its contribution to firms and the factors influencing their development. The study tests an empirical model based on the research variables and constructs identified using structural equation modeling and the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (FsQCA) approach. Data were collected from 278 food firms. The findings indicate that the implementation of an AI marketing strategy affects performance. Additionally, this study shows that marketing capabilities, customer value co‐creation, and market orientation are positively related to performance. Finally, the results highlight that marketing capabilities, customer value co‐creation, and market orientation affect the development of AI marketing strategies. The research results of FsQCA find that causal conditions of marketing capabilities, customer value co‐creation, market orientation, and AI marketing strategy are necessary and sufficient recipes for higher firm performance.
Structural health monitoring of stitch repaired composite structure with Buckypaper sensors and MXene sensors
Authors: Wang Xiaoqiang , Fan Xiangrui , Lu Shaowei , Zhang Lu , Jiang Xiaowei , Lu Jian , Li Bo , Ma Chengkun , Liu Xingmin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the increasing application of composite materials in the industry, the repair of damaged composite materials has gradually become a research focus. In this article, the traditional scarf repairing laminate was stitched with carbon fiber line to check the influence of stitch on repair efficiency. The traditional Buckypaper sensors and the novel MXene sensors were used to conduct real‐time structural health monitoring of the specimen, and the results were compared with X‐ray monitoring. The experimental results show that the breaking strength of the stitch repaired specimen is 21.2% higher than that of the traditional scarf repaired specimen. Both kinds of sensors can monitor the load of the specimen in real‐time. As the force is transferred, the resistance change rate () of the Buckypaper sensors varies by up to 0.045, while the of the MXene sensors varies by up to 0.7. The resistance change of the sensors can also reflect the initiation of damage. The sudden change in of 0.01 can be monitored on the specimen in the crack initiation stage. Through the X‐ray nondestructive testing method, it can be confirmed that both kinds of sensors are suitable for structural health monitoring, and the sensitivity of the MXene sensors is much higher.
Investigation on preparation and mechanical properties of carbon fiber fabric/hollow glass beads/epoxy resin sandwich composite laminates
Authors: Lu Jing‐Jing , Dang Rui‐Qiong , Zhang Wei , Chernysh Yelizaveta , Wang Hong‐Quan , Fan Meng‐Xuan , Lan Ping , Guan Ji‐Peng , Shen Xiao‐Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo expand the application of light‐weight and high‐strength polymer matrix composites in the fields of aerospace, shipbuilding and transportation, it has designed and fabricated a new‐type carbon fiber fabric/hollow glass beads/epoxy resin (CFF/HGB/EP) composite with a three‐layer sandwich structure, consisting of an upper composite layer (CFF/EP), core layer (HGB/EP) and lower composite layer (CFF/EP). The effects of the CFF/EP layer and the HGB content on the sandwich composites were explored through a systematic investigation of the mechanical properties and microstructure. The results indicate that the density of the sandwich composite can be reduced to 0.83 g cm−3, while the flexural, impact, and tensile strength of the sandwich composite can be increased by 227%, 156%, and 118% compared with pure epoxy resin, respectively. The great improvement of mechanical properties of the sandwich composite makes its application in various industries more promising.
Does personality functioning relate to attitude toward minorities?
Authors: Doubková Nikola , Heissler Radek , Barcaj Martina , Sanders Edel , Preiss Marek 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe relationship between negative attitudes and psychopathology is not yet clear. The current shift to a dimensional approach to mental disorders, as reflected in both the DSM‐5 and ICD‐11 models of personality disorders, seems to enrich the traditional approach to study attitudes. This study investigates whether and how impairments in personality functioning are linked to attitudes toward minorities. A comparison of levels of impairment in global and Self and interpersonal personality functioning, negative attitudes, social distance, and racism was conducted in the sample of 127 adults from the general population group (n = 69) and a group of people with diagnosed personality disorders (n = 58). Differences between both groups were found. The personality disorders group showed higher impairment in personality functioning, scored higher on negative attitude measures, and was more prone to the blatant expression of attitudes than the general population. The association between attitudes and personality functioning did not fully reflect these trends. However, given the nature of differences, it is suspected that the proclivity to the blatant expression of negative attitudes could go beyond negative attitudes toward minorities themselves and reflect disorder‐related characteristics, that is, more problematic and conflicted relationships with others in general.
Flourishing among adolescents living with chronic pain and their parents: A scoping review
Authors: Parsons Ryan D. , McParland Joanna L. , Halligan Sarah L. , Goubert Liesbet , Jordan Abbie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEvidence exists regarding the impact of flourishing in individuals living with chronic pain, but there are currently no reviews which collate the literature on flourishing in adolescents living with chronic pain and their parents. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to map and review the current literature, to document how flourishing is defined and understood in the literature, and to identify gaps in the field. Six databases were searched (Web of Science, Medline, Embase, APA PsycNet and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). In addition, a limited gray literature search was conducted. The resulting data were collated and reported in relation to the review questions, by examining the included papers to search for the presence of flourishing. Database searches resulted in 7326 papers after duplicate removal, with eight remaining papers being assessed for full‐text eligibility. Following full‐text screening, a final four papers were included in the review. Within the papers, flourishing was defined in relation to commonalities of benefit finding, enhanced maturity and growth, and social support. Gaps in the literature and directions for future research are considered. This review suggests that there is a dearth of knowledge and research regarding flourishing among adolescents living with chronic pain and their parents, despite aspects of flourishing identified in limited literature. This warrants further investigation.
Multiscale rheology model for entangled Nylon 6 melts
Authors: Liang Heyi , Yoshimoto Kenji , Kitabata Masahiro , Yamamoto Umi , de Pablo Juan J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA multiscale simulation method is used to calculate the rheological properties of entangled Nylon 6 melts, including the stress relaxation modulus, storage and loss moduli, and the melt viscosity. The three‐level multiscale approach includes all‐atom, coarse‐grained and slip‐spring models, each operating at different levels of resolution and encompassing a wide range of length scales and over nine orders of magnitude in time. These models are unified by matching the polymer chain structure and dynamics as well as the stress relaxation, and together predict the rheological master curves at various temperatures using time–temperature superposition. The calculated viscosity agrees reasonably with experiment. The effect of polydispersity on rheology is also studied by simulating a polydisperse melt with chain lengths follow the Schulz‐Zimm distribution. Under the same weight‐average molecular weight, the polydisperse melt shows faster stress relaxation and lower viscosity compared to the monodisperse melt. For polymers that undergo rapid degradation at elevated temperatures, such as Nylon, the proposed approach offers a useful means to investigate rheology over a wide range of conditions. Importantly, the approach is fully predictive in that calculations of rheology are generated without relying on experimental information, and it therefore offers potential for design of polymeric materials on the basis of purely molecular models.
Developing theory‐driven narrative messages with personal stories: A step‐by‐step guide
Authors: Conley Claire C. , Davidson Lindy Grief , Scherr Courtney L. , Dean Marleah 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveNarratives are commonly utilized in health promotion and behavior change interventions due to their efficacy over didactic or expository interventions. While grounding narratives in behavioral theory may render them more effective, balancing the integration of theoretical and creative aspects of the narrative development process while maintaining authenticity is challenging. Thus, this manuscript describes a rigorous process through which researchers can intentionally integrate theory and personal stories for health interventions.MethodsThe process for creating theory‐driven narratives involves the following steps: (1) defining the purpose of the narratives, (2) selecting a guiding theory, (3) collecting personal testimonials, (4) immersing self into testimonials, (5) identifying central narratives and important variations, (6) considering additional theories, (7) piecing quotes into cohesive stories, (8) filling in the gaps, and (9) checking for resonance.ResultsTo exemplify this step‐by‐step process, we provide a case study from our research involving the development of a psychoeducational intervention to model information seeking strategies for managing cancer‐related uncertainty among women who have recently tested positive for pathogenic genetic variants that increase risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.ConclusionsWe discuss special considerations for developing theory‐driven narrative interventions and reflect on how this rigorous step‐by‐step process can be adapted by other researchers.
Retrospective review of vancomycin monitoring via trough only versus two‐point estimated area under the curve in pediatric and adult patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Mitchell Billie , Kormelink Lauren , Kuhn Robert , Schadler Aric , Autry Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to compare the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) receiving intravenous (IV) vancomycin monitored through single serum trough concentrations and two‐point estimated area under the curve (AUC). Time to next exacerbation and return to baseline lung function were also assessed.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted in patients of all ages with CF admitted to the University of Kentucky who received IV vancomycin between October 2015 and January 2021. Patients were excluded if they received less than 5 days of IV vancomycin therapy.ResultsA total of 113 adults and 42 pediatric encounters met the inclusion criteria. There was no statistically significant difference in occurrence of AKI, however, all grade 2–3 AKIs were in the serum through the monitoring group. Adult patients monitored with AUC also had a higher return to baseline lung function over trough monitoring (86% vs. 57%) (p = 0.002). There was not a statistically significant difference in time to the next exacerbation in either group.ConclusionsAdult patients with CF experienced less severe AKIs when monitored with AUC versus trough. The results of this study indicate that AUC monitoring may enhance the efficacy of IV vancomycin in adult patients with CF.
Correlation between the drug concentration of polymyxin B and polymyxin B‐associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: A prospective study
Authors: Xu Ying , Liang Pei , Liu Ning , Dong Danjiang , Gu Qin , Wang Xinying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, polymyxin B‐associated acute kidney injury (PB‐AKI) in critically ill patients has been reported frequently, but polymyxin B (PB) is mainly cleared through non‐renal pathways, and the reasons of PB‐AKI remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the serum concentration of PB and PB‐AKI. We conducted a prospective cohort study in an intensive care unit between May 2019 and July 2021. Over the study period, 52 patients were included and divided into an AKI group (n = 26) and a non‐AKI group (n = 26). The loading dose of PB in the AKI group was significantly higher than that in the non‐AKI group. The C1/2, Cmin, and estimated area under the concentration–time curve (AUC)0–24 of PB in the AKI group were dramatically increased compared with those in the non‐AKI group, but the Cmax between the two groups showed no differences. Upon obtaining the ROC curve, the areas for the C1/2, Cmin, and estimated AUC0–24 were 0.742, 0.710, and 0.710, respectively. The sensitivity was ascertained to be 61.54%, and the specificity was 76.92% when the cutoff value for the estimated AUC0–24 of 97.72 mg·h/L was used preferentially. The incidence of PB‐AKI is high and related to the loading dose of PB. PB‐AKI could be predicted when the estimated AUC0–24 of PB was greater than 97.72 mg·h/L.
Treatment effect measures under nonproportional hazards
Authors: Snapinn Steven , Jiang Qi , Ke Chunlei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a clinical trial with a time‐to‐event endpoint the treatment effect can be measured in various ways. Under proportional hazards all reasonable measures (such as the hazard ratio and the difference in restricted mean survival time) are consistent in the following sense: Take any control group survival distribution such that the hazard rate remains above zero; if there is no benefit by any measure there is no benefit by all measures, and as the magnitude of treatment benefit increases by any measure it increases by all measures. Under nonproportional hazards, however, survival curves can cross, and the direction of the effect for any pair of measures can be inconsistent. In this paper we critically evaluate a variety of treatment effect measures in common use and identify flaws with them. In particular, we demonstrate that a treatment's benefit has two distinct and independent dimensions which can be measured by the difference in the survival rate at the end of follow‐up and the difference in restricted mean survival time, and that commonly used measures do not adequately capture both dimensions. We demonstrate that a generalized hazard difference, which can be estimated by the difference in exposure‐adjusted subject incidence rates, captures both dimensions, and that its inverse, the number of patient‐years of follow‐up that results in one fewer event (the NYNT), is an easily interpretable measure of the magnitude of clinical benefit.
The expected values for the Gutman index, Schultz index, and some Sombor indices of a random cyclooctane chain
Authors: Liu Jia‐Bao , Gu Jiao‐Jiao , Wang Kang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we first introduce the explicit analytical formulas for the expected values of the Gutman and Schultz indices for a random cyclooctane chain . Meanwhile, the explicit formulas of the variances of the Gutman and Schultz indices for a random cyclooctane chain are determined and we prove these two indices are asymptotically subject to normal distribution. Furthermore, we are surprised to find the expected values of the Sombor index , the reduced Sombor index , the modified Sombor index and the reduced and modified Sombor index for a random cyclooctane chain.
Do married CEOs Foster more efficient innovation?
Authors: Cho Chanho , Mooney Timothy , Choi Daewoung , Via M. Tony 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the impact of CEO marital status on firm innovative efficiency. We find that firms led by married CEOs produce 8% more patents and citations per unit of investment and generate more explorative patents. Married CEOs create a culture of tolerance among their employees that is conducive to risk taking, and their firms produce more efficient innovation (1) in regions that value social capital and (2) in firms that value favorable employee treatment. We find that the tolerant culture of married CEO firms produces more efficient innovation when occurring in tandem with mechanisms facilitating a long‐term strategic orientation.
Diamine‐Promoted Deacylation of 2‐Alkyl‐1,3‐Diketones for the Facile Synthesis of Ketones
Authors: Ishihara Rei , Okamura Kota , Yoshimura Yuki , Ueno Satoshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA facile synthesis of ketones was developed based on the diamine‐promoted deacylation of 2‐alkyl‐1,3‐diketones. More specifically, 2‐alkyl‐1‐arylbutane‐1,3‐diones were efficiently deacylated in the presence of 2,2‐dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamines to afford the corresponding aryl ketones with a high regioselectivity. Notably, this regioselectivity was different from that observed under the conventional retro‐Claisen conditions.
Investigating the Interaction of Anthracene and Phenanthrene with Cucurbit[n]urils (n=6‐8): Experimental and Molecular Dynamics Studies
Authors: Alfadil Amira A. , Elbashir Abdalla A. , Omar Mei Musa Ali , Suliman FakhrEldin O. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe supramolecular interaction of anthracene (ANT) and phenanthrene (PHN) with cucurbit[n]uril, CB[n] (n=6‐8) has been investigated in aqueous media for the first time. The inclusion complexes were investigated and characterized by fluorescence spectroscopy, matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry, and 1HNMR. The stability of these complexes and the mode of inclusion in aqueous media at atomistic levels were monitored by molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The results obtained from the experimental and MD studies have demonstrated the formation of stable 1 : 1 complexes between the two guests with all hosts in aqueous media. From the fluorescence study, the binding constants of PHN with CB[6], CB[7], and CB[8] were found to be 398±63, 544±128, and 655±162 M−1, respectively. Whereas, ANT‐ CB[n] formation constants are 213±37 M−1 270±35 M−1, and 356±94 M−1 for CB[6], CB[7], and CB[8], respectively. The results obtained show that the size of the cavity of the macrocycle and the polarity of the rim play an important role in the stability of the formed complex. Surprisingly, CB[6] forms an inclusion complex with ANT while it interacts by its side with PHN through dipole‐dipole interaction. The larger cavity sizes of CB[7], CB[8], were found to encapsulate the two guests forming highly stable inclusion complexes.
Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Hole Transport Layer Engineering toward Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Shen Ying , Deng Kaimo , Li Liang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have undergone unprecedented growth in the past decade as an emerging photovoltaic technology. Up till now, the power conversion efficiency of PSCs has exceeded 25% that rivals silicon solar cells and there is still room for further enhancement. However, the development in long‐term stability lags far behind, which remains a great concern for the commercial application in the future. The device instability mainly arises from the functional components, including perovskite film, charge transport layers, and electrodes along with the involved interfaces. As the most widely studied hole transport layer at the current stage, 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino)‐9,9‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD) helps contribute to the achievement of record efficiency but it weakens the device stability due to the doping‐induced side effects such as hygroscopicity and ion migration. Great efforts are devoted to boosting the stability of Spiro‐OMeTAD while maintaining excellent photovoltaic performance. In this review, the fundamental properties of Spiro‐OMeTAD have been summarized and the recent advances in engineering Spiro‐OMeTAD‐based hole transport layer for the sake of highly efficient PSCs with enhanced longevity are highlighted. In the end, an outlook for the further optimization of Spiro‐OMeTAD is provided and the issues related to large‐scale production are discussed.