bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐powered bifunctional perovskite photodetectors with both broadband and narrowband photoresponse
Authors: Cheng Wenjie , Tian Wei , Cao Fengren , Li Liang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotodetectors generally operate exclusively in either the broadband or narrowband. Developing bifunctional photodetectors that can detect photons in both broadband and narrowband would bring significant versatility to the optoelectronic platform. Nevertheless, the design of bifunctional integrated devices remains challenging due to the differentiated strategies with respect to device structure and material combination. Herein, we propose introducing polyvinylpyrrolidone to increase the viscosity of the perovskite precursor solution, which introduces abundant defects and cavities into the perovskite film while maintaining a relatively low film thickness. Then, we use methylamine gas to postprocess the middle area of the film to promote directional recrystallization and densification, thereby realizing narrowband and broadband dual‐function photodetection in a single device at zero bias. Both ends of the film exhibit a near‐infrared peak response at 780 nm with a narrow full‐width at half maximum of approximately 30 nm without an external bias. The middle broadband photodetector exhibits a high responsivity of 329 mA W−1 and EQE up to 52.46% at 780 nm. We make full use of narrow‐band wavelength selective detection and broadband full‐spectrum detection to achieve double encryption during signal transmission. This work represents an important step toward the realization of perovskite‐based multifunctional integrated devices.image
Validation of absolutely quantitated Ki67 and cyclinD1 protein levels for prognosis of Luminal‐like breast cancer patients
Authors: Yu Guohua , Lyu Jiahong , Li Yalun , Zhang Yunyun , Lyu Yan , Zhang Wengfeng , Zhang Jianbo , Cai Bocheng , Zhang Jiandi , Tang Fangrong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo translate a clinical research finding into daily clinical practice requires well‐controlled clinical trials. We have demonstrated the usage of absolute quantitation of Ki67 and cyclinD1 protein levels to improve prognosis of Luminal‐like patients based on overall survival (OS) analysis of a cohort of 155 breast cancer specimens (cohort 1). However, this finding is considered the D level of evidence (LOE) to require subsequent validation before it may be used in daily clinical practice. To set the stage for future clinical trials, our findings were validated through OS analysis of an independent cohort (cohort 2) of 173 Luminal‐like patients.MethodsBoth Ki67 and cyclinD1 levels were measured absolutely and quantitatively using the Quantitative Dot Blot (QDB) method in cohort 2. The proposed cutoffs for both biomarkers from cohort 1 were re‐evaluated in cohort 2 and in the merged cohort of 1 and 2, respectively, through univariate, multivariate and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.ResultsThe proposed cutoffs of 2.31 nmol/g for Ki67 and 0.44 μmol/g for cyclinD1 were validated as effective cutoffs in cohort 2 and the merged cohort through OS analysis. The combined use of both biomarkers allowed us to identify patients with both biomarker levels below the cutoffs (59.3%) with10‐year survival probability (SP) of 89%, in comparison to those above the cutoffs (8.3%) with 8 year SP of 28% through OS analysis in the merged cohort.ConclusionsThis study validated our findings that absolute quantitation of Ki67 and cyclinD1 allows effective subtyping of luminal‐like patients. It sets the stage for prospective or prospective‐retrospective clinical studies.
Degradation of ribosomal and chaperone proteins is attenuated during the differentiation of replicatively aged C2C12 myoblasts
Authors: Brown Alexander D. , Stewart Claire E. , Burniston Jatin G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCell assays are important for investigating the mechanisms of ageing, including losses in protein homeostasis and ‘proteostasis collapse’. We used novel isotopic labelling and proteomic methods to investigate protein turnover in replicatively aged (>140 population doublings) murine C2C12 myoblasts that exhibit impaired differentiation and serve as a model for age‐related declines in muscle homeostasis.MethodsThe Absolute Dynamic Profiling Technique for Proteomics (Proteo‐ADPT) was used to investigate proteostasis in young (passage 6–10) and replicatively aged (passage 48–50) C2C12 myoblast cultures supplemented with deuterium oxide (D2O) during early (0–24 h) or late (72–96 h) periods of differentiation. Peptide mass spectrometry was used to quantify the absolute rates of abundance change, synthesis and degradation of individual proteins.ResultsYoung cells exhibited a consistent ~25% rise in protein accretion over the 96‐h experimental period. In aged cells, protein accretion increased by 32% (P < 0.05) during early differentiation, but then fell back to baseline levels by 96‐h. Proteo‐ADPT encompassed 116 proteins and 74 proteins exhibited significantly (P < 0.05, FDR < 5% interaction between age × differentiation stage) different changes in abundance between young and aged cells at early and later periods of differentiation, including proteins associated with translation, glycolysis, cell–cell adhesion, ribosomal biogenesis, and the regulation of cell shape. During early differentiation, heat shock and ribosomal protein abundances increased in aged cells due to suppressed degradation rather than heightened synthesis. For instance, HS90A increased at a rate of 10.62 ± 1.60 ng/well/h in aged which was significantly greater than the rate of accretion (1.86 ± 0.49 ng/well/h) in young cells. HS90A synthesis was similar in young (21.23 ± 3.40 ng/well/h) and aged (23.69 ± 1.13 ng/well/h), but HS90A degradation was significantly (P = 0.05) greater in young (19.37 ± 2.93 ng/well/h) versus aged (13.06 ± 0.76 ng/well/h) cells. During later differentiation the HS90A degradation (8.94 ± 0.38 ng/well/h) and synthesis (7.89 ± 1.28 ng/well/h) declined and were significantly less than the positive net balance between synthesis and degradation (synthesis = 28.14 ± 3.70 ng/well/h vs. degradation = 21.49 ± 3.13 ng/well/h) in young cells.ConclusionsOur results suggest a loss of proteome quality as a precursor to the lack of fusion of aged myoblasts. The quality of key chaperone proteins, including HS90A, HS90B and HSP7C was reduced in aged cells and may account for the disruption to cell signalling required for the later stages of differentiation and fusion.
Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of β‐glucans from Lentinula edodes using natural deep eutectic solvent and water
Authors: Vezaro Francisco D. , da Rosa Barbara V. , Kuhn Raquel C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDShiitake is a mushroom rich in β‐glucan‐type polysaccharides, long‐chain molecules with antioxidant properties that are beneficial to human health, in addition to having isolated physical properties of interest to the food industry. In this way, the aim of this study was to obtain shiitake β‐glucans using ultrasound‐assisted extraction with water and natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES).RESULTSPreliminary assays were carried out to determine the extraction conditions of temperature 25 °C and extraction time 60 min. Subsequently, a central composite rotational design (CCRD) was performed to evaluate the effects of pulse cycle and amplitude in the yield and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Extractions were performed in the proportion of 1.25 g expired shiitake to 50 mL solvent, using two solvents (water and NADES). The best yields using NADES were 25.11 and 23.74 wt% in higher amplitude and pulse cycles, whereas antioxidant activities obtained were 0.73 and 0.66 μg trolox mL−1, respectively. In the assays with water, the yields were 23.47 and 22.75 wt% using higher amplitudes and pulse cycles, with antioxidant activities of 0.59 and 0.64 μg trolox mL−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONThese results showed the potential of water and NADES to extract polysaccharides from mushrooms that can be exploited in the food or pharmaceutical industries. In addition, optimal extraction conditions were found using CCRD. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of a scale to measure oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis‐related stigma among key and vulnerable populations in Kenya
Authors: Atkins Kaitlyn , Kan Lena , Musau Abednego , Reed Jason , Were Daniel , Mohan Diwakar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAs oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) services scale up throughout sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), clients continue to face challenges with sustained PrEP use. PrEP‐related stigma has been shown to influence engagement throughout the HIV PrEP care continuum throughout SSA. Validated quantitative measures of PrEP‐related stigma in SSA are of critical importance to better understand its impacts at each stage of the HIV PrEP care continuum. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate a PrEP‐related stigma scale for use among key and vulnerable populations in the context of a Kenya national PrEP programme.MethodsAs part of a larger prospective cohort study nested within Kenya'sJilindeprogramme, this study used baseline data collected from 1135 participants between September 2018 and April 2020. We used exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the factor structure of a PrEP‐related stigma scale. We also assessed convergent construct validity of the PrEP‐Related Stigma Scale by testing for expected correlations with depression and uptake of HIV services. Finally, we examined the relationship between PrEP‐related stigma and key demographic, psychosocial and behavioural characteristics.ResultsWe identified four dimensions of PrEP‐related stigma: (1) interpersonal stigma, (2) PrEP norms, (3) negative self‐image and (4) disclosure concerns. The scale demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = 0.84), was positively correlated with depressive symptoms and negatively correlated with uptake of HIV services. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated associations between PrEP‐related stigma and sex worker identity.ConclusionsThe adapted and validated PrEP‐Related Stigma Scale can enable programmes to quantify how PrEP‐related stigma and its dimensions may differentially impact outcomes on the HIV PrEP care continuum, evaluate stigma interventions and tailor programmes accordingly. Opportunities exist to validate the scale in other populations and explore further dimensions of PrEP‐related stigma.
Recognizing and disrupting stigma in implementation of HIV prevention and care: a call to research and action
Authors: Golub Sarit A. , Fikslin Rachel A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is robust evidence that stigma negatively impacts both people living with HIV and those who might benefit from HIV prevention interventions. Within healthcare settings, research on HIV stigma has focused on intra‐personal processes (i.e. knowledge or internalization of community‐level stigma that might limit clients’ engagement in care) or inter‐personal processes (i.e. stigmatized interactions with service providers). Intersectional approaches to stigma call us to examine the ways that intersecting systems of power and oppression produce stigma not only at the individual and interpersonal levels, but also within healthcare service delivery systems. This commentary argues for the importance of analysing and disrupting the way in which stigma may be (intentionally or unintentionally) enacted and sustained within HIV service implementation, that is the policies, protocols and strategies used to deliver HIV prevention and care. We contend that as HIV researchers and practitioners, we have failed to fully specify or examine the mechanisms through which HIV service implementation itself may reinforce stigma and perpetuate inequity.DiscussionWe apply Link and Phelan's five stigma components (labelling, stereotyping, separation, status loss and discrimination) as a framework for analysing the way in which stigma manifests in existing service implementation and for evaluating new HIV implementation strategies. We present three examples of common HIV service implementation strategies and consider their potential to activate stigma components, with particular attention to how our understanding of these dynamics can be enhanced and expanded by the application of intersectional perspectives. We then provide a set of sample questions that can be used to develop and test novel implementation strategies designed to mitigate against HIV‐specific and intersectional stigma.ConclusionsThis commentary is a theory‐informed call to action for the assessment of existing HIV service implementation, for the development of new stigma‐reducing implementation strategies and for the explicit inclusion of stigma reduction as a core outcome in implementation research and evaluation. We argue that these strategies have the potential to make critical contributions to our ability to address many system‐level form stigmas that undermine health and wellbeing for people living with HIV and those in need of HIV prevention services.
Engineered green nanoparticles interact withNigrospora oryzaeisolated from infected leaves ofArachis hypogaea
Authors: Vijayalakshmi Architha , Soundharajan Ranjani , Srinivasan Hemalatha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOilseed crop diseases are a major concern around the world, particularly in India. The synthetic fungicides not only kill the pathogen, but they also harm the host plant and beneficial microbes and on continuous usage, they decrease the soil fertility. To overcome this problem, green nanotechnology has been a greater alternative with promising benefits. The green synthesized nanoparticles from the extract of various plant parts are an effective remedy for killing the pathogens without affecting the host plants and the environment. Hence, in our study silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Fennel seed (Foeniculum vulgare) extract. The synthesis of nanoparticles was confirmed using UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and scanning electron microscopic analysis. The in vitro antifungal study was carried out and revealed that the nanoparticles had high efficacy against the isolated phytopathogenNigrospora oryzaewhich causes tikka disease inArachis hypogaeaplants. Hence,F. vulgareseed nanoparticles can be used as an effective alternative to synthetic fungicides without causing any deleterious effect on soil microflora or the environment.
Nutritional composition, biologically active substances and antioxidant activity of young spelt grass extract
Authors: Jančić Dejan , Šuković Danijela , Rešetar Jelena , Delić Ljiljana , Nikolić Marko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundTriticum speltaL. (familyPoaceae) is an ancient grain, which had been used for nutrition in the past but was eventually substituted, together with other related grains, for bread wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). The main reasons for its substitution are higher yield and economic gain in favor of bread wheat. With the belief that the extract of young spelt grass contains a sufficient amount of key nutrients, which contribute to beneficial effects on human health, research was conducted on 27 samples of young spelt grass extracts. For each sample extracted from young spelt grass cultivated under different conditions (irrigation, lighting, harvest), its nutritional composition, the content of biologically active substances and antioxidant activities were determined, with a comparison of the obtained results.ResultsIn this two‐year study several nutrients, the content of major and trace minerals, antioxidant activity and pigment, and polyphenolic and flavonoid contents were analyzed and how the different growth factors influence them. Young spelt grass extract has a relatively high amount of functional ingredients, such as potassium, phosphorus, manganese, chromium, polyphenols and flavonoids. Chlorophyll a and b and pheophytin were the main pigments in the young spelt grass extract. All of these constituents exhibit antioxidant activity, which is important for a healthy lifestyle and protection against diseases.ConclusionThis extract is a rich source of some major (potassium and phosphorus) and trace (manganese and chromium) elements, pigments, polyphenols and flavonoids. The antioxidant potential of the young spelt grass extract was positively correlated with their phenolic and flavonoid content. Accordingly, this composition of biologically active substances offers various ways of using this extract in the field of nutrition‐like dietary supplements.
Effects of Feeding Strategies on Growth Performance of F1 Gulf Coast Striped Bass Strains in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Kenter Linas W. , Skillings Casey M. , Berlinsky David L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As feed is a major cost in finfish aquaculture, considerable economic advantages can be gained by optimizing feeding efficiency. In the present study, the effects of reducing feeding frequency were evaluated in Gulf of Mexico strain Striped Bass Morone saxatilis raised in recirculating systems. Juvenile Striped Bass (~170 g) were raised for 84 d at 21°C and fed three or five times weekly at 3% of body weight (% BW) or three, five, and seven times weekly at 2% BW. In another experiment, subadult fish (~720 g) were raised at 15°C for 84 d and were fed three or five times weekly at 2% BW. In all experiments, feeding frequency did not affect growth rates or efficiency and fish that were fed less frequently consumed more feed per feeding but typically had reduced feed consumption over the length of the experiment. These results indicate that labor and feed costs may be reduced by limiting the feeding frequency of Striped Bass in recirculating systems.
Inverse analysis of hydraulic fracturing tests based on artificial intelligence techniques
Authors: Abreu Rafael , Mejia Cristian , Roehl Deane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the last decades, the study of fluid flow through discontinuities such as fractures has received significant attention from the petroleum industry owing to the discovery of naturally fractured reservoirs. Predicting the behavior of this type of reservoir is challenging and includes, as a crucial step, determining its geomechanical parameters. Several in situ tests and empirical relationships have been established to estimate these parameters. Nevertheless, these procedures have important limitations. This work proposes an artificial intelligence‐based methodology to identify geomechanical parameters from borehole injection pressure curves obtained during hydraulic fracturing tests. This methodology applies a genetic algorithm to minimize the sum of squared differences between the observed and predicted borehole pressure curves. Furthermore, an artificial neural network is adopted to build a proxy model that substitutes hydraulic fracturing numerical simulations, substantially reducing computational time. A proper recursive strategy is adopted to predict the borehole pressure curves. Additionally, a hyperparameter tuning technique selects appropriate neural network hyperparameters based on the multistep‐ahead prediction error. Finally, the framework is applied in a KGD problem that models hydraulic fracture propagation. The benchmark confirms the capability of the proposed methodology to identify geomechanical parameters from fracturing tests.
Whose talon is this? A manual for the identification of ungual phalanges of European birds of prey: Falcons and owls
Authors: Wertz Krzysztof , Tomek Teresa , Bochenski Zbigniew M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper is the first of two scheduled publications for this project. It contains a dichotomous key to the identification of the ungual phalanges of European owls and falcons; the second part will contain accipitrids. The manual(s) will facilitate the work of zooarchaeologists and palaeontologists, especially since comparative specimens in osteological collections are often difficult to access and/or incomplete. This, in turn, will indirectly contribute to a more in‐depth interpretation of zooarcheological materials, because bird talons were used to produce symbolic objects and decorations in different archeological periods and in various geographical areas.
Synergic effect of temperature and alkalinity on the long‐term durability of pure vinyl ester
Authors: Wang Peng , Ke Lin‐yu‐wen , Wu Haoliang , Leung Christopher K. Y. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental approach to investigate the long‐term durability of vinyl ester (VE) used in civil/structural engineering. Various alkaline (pH = 7, 11, 12, and 13) and temperature (23, 40, and 60°C) conditions were considered for accelerated aging over 12 months. The test results reveal only slight changes in water absorption capacity (0.75–1.17%) and mass loss (~1%) for the aged VE, which can be explained by the unchanged glass transition temperature. Furthermore, significant hydrolysis reaction and severe microcracking at an elevated temperature resulted in a higher diffusion coefficient. The VE diffusion coefficient increases from 6.60 × 10−7to 1.75 × 10−6after 12‐month aging in 23°C water (pH = 7), but becomes 4.00 × 10−6 mm2/s as the water temperature rises to 60°C. Surface microcracks with a depth of ~8.46 and chemical hydrolysis reaction with a 74% increment of OH/CH ratio were observed in the 12‐month aged VE at 60°C. However, the diffusion coefficient was insensitive to alkalinity (pH = 7, 11, 12, and 13) regardless of the exposure time and temperatures, which could be attributed to the similar OH/CH ratio at different alkaline conditions. The results of this study shed light on understanding the VE degradation in harsh environments as applied in fiber‐reinforcement polymer (FRP) composites.
The association of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles with COVID‐19 severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Dobrijević Zorana , Gligorijević Nikola , Šunderić Miloš , Penezić Ana , Miljuš Goran , Tomić Sergej , Nedić Olgica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to their pivotal role in orchestrating the immune response, HLA loci were recognized as candidates for genetic association studies related to the severity of COVID‐19. Since the findings on the effects of HLA alleles on the outcome of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection remain inconclusive, we aimed to elucidate the potential involvement of genetic variability within HLA loci in the molecular genetics of COVID‐19 by classifying the articles according to different disease severity/outcomes and by conducting a systematic review with meta‐analysis. Potentially eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science literature databases. A total of 28 studies with 13,073 participants were included in qualitative synthesis, while the results of 19 studies with 10,551 SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive participants were pooled in the meta‐analysis. According to the results of quantitative data synthesis, association with COVID‐19 severity or with the lethal outcome was determined for the following alleles and allele families: HLA‐A*01, HLA‐A*03, HLA‐A*11, HLA‐A*23, HLA‐A*31, HLA‐A*68, HLA‐A*68:02, HLA‐B*07:02, HLA‐B*14, HLA‐B*15, HLA‐B*40:02, HLA‐B*51:01, HLA‐B*53, HLA‐B*54, HLA‐B*54:01, HLA‐C*04, HLA‐C*04:01, HLA‐C*06, HLA‐C*07:02, HLA‐DRB1*11, HLA‐DRB1*15, HLA‐DQB1*03 and HLA‐DQB1*06 (assuming either allelic or dominant genetic model). We conclude that alleles of HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1 and ‐DQB1 loci may represent potential biomarkers of COVID‐19 severity and/or mortality, which needs to be confirmed in a larger set of studies.