bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new strategy to integrate silver nanowires with waterborne coating to improve their antimicrobial and antiviral properties
Authors: Sharaf Mohamed H. , Nagiub Adham M. , Salem Salem S. , Kalaba Mohamed H. , El Fakharany Esmail M. , Abd El-Wahab Hamada 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to focus on the preparation and characterization of the silver nanowire (AgNWs), as well as their application as antimicrobial and antivirus activities either with incorporation on the waterborne coating formulation or on their own.Design/methodology/approachPrepared AgNWs are characterized by different analytical instruments, such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscope, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction spectrometer. All the paint formulation's physical and mechanical qualities were tested using American Society for Testing and Materials, a worldwide standard test procedure. The biological activities of the prepared AgNWs and the waterborne coating based on AgNWs were investigated. And, their effects on pathogenic bacteria, antioxidants, antiviral activity and cytotoxicity were also investigated.FindingsThe obtained results of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the paint formulation demonstrated the formulations' greatest performance, as well as giving good scrub resistance and film durability. In the antimicrobial activity, the paint did not have any activity against bacterial pathogen, whereas the AgNWs and AgNWs with paint have similar activity against bacterial pathogen with inhibition zone range from 10 to 14 mm. The development of antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity of the paint incorporated with AgNWs were also observed. The cytopathic effects of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were reduced in all three investigated modes of action when compared to the positive control group (HSV-1-infected cells), suggesting that these compounds have promising antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses, including DNA and RNA viruses.Originality/valueThe new waterborne coating based on nanoparticles has the potential to be promising in the manufacturing and development of paints, allowing them to function to prevent the spread of microbial infection, which is exactly what the world requires at this time.
Bubble contagion effect between the main precious metals
Authors: Maghyereh Aktham , Abdoh Hussein 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study examines the extent to which gold and silver bubbles are correlated and which metal’s bubble spills over to the other. In addition, the overlap in bubble-like episodes for the two metals is demonstrated and the influence of crises (global financial crises, European debt crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic) on the development of these episodes is compared.

Design/methodology/approach
This study proposes a two-step approach. In the first step, price bubbles are identified based on the backward sup augmented Dickey–Fuller of Phillips et al. (2015a, 2015b) and modified by Phillips and Shi (2018). In the second step, the correlation in the contagion effect of the bubbles between the two precious metal prices is measured using a nonparametric regression with a time-varying coefficient approach developed by Greenaway-McGrevy and Phillips (2016).

Findings
The findings suggest that the safe-haven property of gold and silver during financial market turbulence induces excessive price increases beyond their fundamental values. Furthermore, the results indicate that bubbles are contagious among precious metal markets and flow mainly from gold to silver; these findings are associated with the period after 2005, particularly during the global financial crisis. A contagious bubble effect is not found between gold and silver during the coronavirus disease 2020 pandemic.

Practical implications
The results suggest that financial market participants should consider portfolio weights in precious markets in light of the bubble correlation between gold and silver, especially during crises.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that explores the correlation of bubble-like episodes between gold and silver.
Attitudes toward and willingness to work with older people and its predicting factor among medical science students in Iran
Authors: Rashidi Fatemeh , Azadi Arman 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
As the aging population increases steadily, the demands for specialized nurses and geriatricians willing to work in geriatric settings will probably explode. Accordingly, the medical sciences students’ attitude toward older adults and their willingness to work with them must be determined. This study aims to determine the medical sciences students’ attitude toward older people and its relationship with their willingness to work with this population. In addition, it sought to determine the variables that could predict students’ attitudes toward the elderly.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional design using a stratified random sampling method was used to recruit a sample of 305 Iranian medical sciences students with a response rate of 97.4%. The instruments for data collection were composed of three parts: socio-demographic characteristics of participants, Kogan’s Attitudes toward Old People Scale and the Willingness to Work with Elderly People Scale (WEPS). Data were analyzed in SPSS version 23 (IBM SPSS statistics 23.0).

Findings
The participants’ mean (SD) age was 22.95 (2.53). Most of them (69%) were women, and 51% were nursing students. The findings showed that 70% of students had a slightly positive attitude toward the elderly and only 12.8% of them declared geriatric setting as their workplace preference in the future. Experience of volunteering activities with elders, WEPS score, workplace preference after graduation and gender were the predictors of medical science students’ attitudes toward the elderly.

Originality/value
This paper further develops previous research on the attitudes of Iranian medical sciences students toward older adults.
Temporal changes in plant–soil feedback effects on microbial networks, leaf metabolomics and plant–insect interactions
Authors: Huberty Martine , Steinauer Katja , Heinen Robin , Jongen Renske , Hannula S. Emilia , Choi Young Hae , Bezemer T. Martijn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The importance of plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) for above‐ground and below‐ground multitrophic interactions is well recognized. However, most studies only condition soil for a short time before testing the feedback response. Here we investigate the influence of time of conditioning on soil microbiome composition, plant growth and metabolomics, and plant–insect interactions. We used soil collected from large outdoor mesocosms with monocultures of six species and investigated the temporal changes in the soil over a full year.

Every 2 months, we assessed the legacy effects of the soils on plant growth of one of the species (Jacobaea vulgaris) in a climate‐controlled chamber. Each time we used tissue culture plants that were genetically identical. We also measured leaf herbivore performance and leaf metabolomes, as well as the abiotic and biotic soil properties.

We show that the monoculture soils harboured different microbiomes, but that these varied over time. Growth of the test plants also varied over time and plants grew consistently less well in their own soil. The soil legacy effects on the leaf metabolome were less consistent and varied strongly over time. Networking analysis showed that soil bacteria had stronger effects on the leaf metabolome than fungi early on. However, after 12 months of conditioning, only soil fungal community composition explained the metabolomic profiles of the leaves. Insect herbivory was not affected by soil conditioning, but decreased with increasing time of conditioning.

Synthesis. Our results show that the biomass response of the test plants to soil conditioning remained consistent throughout the year, even though both the soil microbiome and leaf metabolomic responses to conditioned soil varied greatly over time. These soil‐induced changes in the metabolome of plants over time can be an important driver of above‐ground multitrophic interactions in nature. Our study demonstrates that the duration of conditioning has a strong impact on plant and soil properties, which highlights that temporal variation is an important aspect to consider in future studies investigating plant–soil interactions.
Examination of canalis sinuosus using cone beam computed tomography in an Australian population
Authors: Yeap Chee Wei , Danh Dara , Chan Julius , Parashos Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCanalis sinuosus (CS) and its relationship with adjacent teeth is relevant for surgery in the anterior maxilla. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report the prevalence, characteristics and variations of CS.MethodsCone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of the anterior maxilla of 201 patients were reviewed. CS and the adjacent teeth were analysed by age, gender and scan resolution, using analysis of variance, Chi‐squared and Fisher’s exact tests. The widest and narrowest diameters of CS, and distance to tooth apex (DTA), were compared by quadrant, closest tooth and location, and the associations were examined statistically withP < 0.05.ResultsIn the 201 scans, 412 CS were identified in 198 patients associated with 395 different teeth. Mean widest diameter was 1.08 ± 0.39 mm (range: 0.42–2.60 mm), while the narrowest diameter was 0.71 ± 0.26 mm (range: 0.25–1.59 mm); and mean DTA of 2.16 ± 1.25 mm (range: 0–6.22 mm). CS detection was significantly lower with CBCT taken at resolution size of 0.250 voxels (P = 0.02).ConclusionsCS was very common in the anterior maxilla. Clinicians would be well advised to identify this anatomical structure using CBCT before undertaking any surgery in the anterior maxilla. © 2022 Australian Dental Association
Human development and decentralization: The importance of public health expenditure
Authors: Miranda‐Lescano Ronald , Muinelo‐Gallo Leonel , Roca‐Sagalés Oriol 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, we empirically analyze the impact of central and subnational government spending on human development in a sample of 57 developed and developing countries over the period 2000–18. Specifically, we focus on the effects of health and education public expenditure on the Human Development Index (HDI) and its dimensions (life expectancy, education, and income). Applying data panel analysis, our empirical evidence shows the importance of central and subnational government health expenditure positively impacting on HDI and each of its components, while in the case of the education expenditure, this positive effect is only confirmed on the educational dimension of HDI. Our study shows how governments can stimulate human development, improving the well‐being of citizens, by allocating more resources to healthcare through the different administrative levels.
Mild neoterminal ileal post‐operative recurrence of Crohn’s disease conveys higher risk for severe endoscopic disease progression than isolated anastomotic lesions
Authors: Bachour Salam P. , Shah Ravi S. , Lyu Ruishen , Rieder Florian , Qazi Taha , Lashner Bret , Achkar Jean Paul , Philpott Jessica , Barnes Edward L. , Axelrad Jordan , Holubar Stefan D. , Lightner Amy L. , Regueiro Miguel , Cohen Benjamin L. , Click Benjamin H. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThere are conflicting data assessing the impact of isolated post‐operative anastomotic inflammation on future disease progression. The aim of this study was to determine the relative risk of severe disease progression in post‐operative Crohn’s disease (CD) patients with isolated anastomotic disease.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of adult CD patients undergoing ileocolonic resection between 2009 and 2020. Patients with a post‐operative ileocolonoscopy ≤18 months from surgery and ≥1 subsequent ileocolonoscopy were included. Disease activity was assessed using the modified Rutgeerts’ score (RS). Primary outcome was severe endoscopic progression, defined as i3 or i4 disease, on immediate subsequent ileocolonoscopy and during entire post‐operative follow‐up. Secondary outcome was surgical recurrence.ResultsOne hundred and ninety‐nine CD patients had an ileocolonoscopy ≤18 months from surgery, index RS of i0‐i2b and ≥1 subsequent ileocolonoscopy. At index ileocolonoscopy, 34.7% had i0 disease, 16.1% i1, 24.6% i2a and 24.6% i2b. On multivariable logistic regression, i2b disease was associated with severe endoscopic progression compared to i0 or i1 (aOR 5.53; P < 0.001) and i2a disease patients (aOR 2.63; P = 0.03). However, i2a disease did not confer increased risk compared to i0 or i1 disease (P = 0.09). Furthermore, i2b patients experienced severe endoscopic progression significantly earlier than i0 or i1 disease (aHR 4.68; P < 0.001), whereas i2a disease did not differ from i0 or i1 disease (P = 0.25). Surgical recurrence was not associated with index RS i0‐i2b (P = 0.86).ConclusionPost‐operative ileal disease recurrence, not isolated anastomotic inflammation, confers increased risk for severe endoscopic disease progression. Location of CD recurrence may impact optimal management strategies.
Does recipient body mass index inform donor selection for allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation?
Authors: Abou‐Ismail Mouhamed Yazan , Fraser Raphael , Allbee‐Johnson Mariam , Metheny Leland , Ravi Gayathri , Ahn Kwang Woo , Bhatt Neel S. , Lazarus Hillard M. , de Lima Marcos , El Jurdy Najla , Hematti Peiman , Beitinjaneh Amer M. , Nishihori Taiga , Badawy Sherif M. , Sharma Akshay , Pasquini Marcelo C. , Savani Bipin N. , Sorror Mohamed L. , Stadtmauer Edward A. , Chhabra Saurabh 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIt is not known whether obesity has a differential effect on allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation outcomes with alternative donor types. We report the results of a retrospective registry study examining the effect of obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 30] on outcomes with alternative donors (haploidentical related donor with two or more mismatches and receiving post‐transplant cyclophosphamide [haplo] and cord blood (CBU)] versus matched unrelated donor (MUD). Adult patients receiving haematopoietic cell transplantation for haematologic malignancy (2013–2017) (N = 16 182) using MUD (n = 11 801), haplo (n = 2894) and CBU (n = 1487) were included. The primary outcome was non‐relapse mortality (NRM). The analysis demonstrated a significant, non‐linear interaction between pretransplant BMI and the three donor groups for NRM: NRM risk was significantly higher with CBU compared to haplo at BMI 25–30 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.66–1.71, p < 0.05] and MUD transplants at a BMI of 25–45 (HR, 1.61–3.47, p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that NRM and survival outcomes are worse in overweight and obese transplant recipients (BMI ≥ 25) with one alternative donor type over MUD, although obesity does not appear to confer a uniform differential mortality risk with one donor type over the other. BMI may serve as a criterion for selecting a donor among the three (MUD, haplo and CBU) options, if matched sibling donor is not available.
Immune response and adverse events after vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2 in adult patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia
Authors: Delaporta Polyxeni , Terpos Evangelos , Solomou Elena E. , Gumeni Sentiljana , Nitsa Evangelia , Apostolakou Filia , Kyriakopoulou Dimitra , Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos Ioannis , Papassotiriou Ioannis , Trougakos Ioannis P. , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Kattamis Antonis 
Published: March 2022

SummaryPatients with transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia (TDT) are considered an at increased‐risk population for severe and/or morbid coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. Timely vaccination is the main preventive method for severe COVID‐19. Different adverse events and reactions after vaccination have been reported, with severe ones being extremely rare. Patients with TDT may have altered immunity due to chronic transfusions, iron overload and chelation therapy, and splenic dysfunction. Here, we show that adult patients with TDT following vaccination with the novel messenger RNA vaccines have mild adverse events and can produce protective antibodies comparable to the healthy population.
P2X2 receptor subunit interfaces are missense variant hotspots, where mutations tend to increase apparent ATP affinity
Authors: Gasparri Federica , Sarkar Debayan , Bielickaite Sarune , Poulsen Mette Homann , Hauser Alexander Sebastian , Pless Stephan Alexander 
Published: March 2022

Background and PurposeP2X receptors are trimeric ligand‐gated ion channels that open a cation‐selective pore in response to ATP binding to their large extracellular domain. The seven known P2X subtypes can assemble as homotrimeric or heterotrimeric complexes and contribute to numerous physiological functions, including nociception, inflammation and hearing. The overall structure of P2X receptors is well established, but little is known about the range and prevalence of human genetic variations and the functional implications of specific domains.Experimental ApproachHere, we examine the impact of P2X2 receptor inter‐subunit interface missense variants identified in the human population or by structural predictions. We test both single and double mutants through electrophysiological and biochemical approaches.Key ResultsWe demonstrate that predicted extracellular domain inter‐subunit interfaces display a higher‐than‐expected density of missense variations and that the majority of mutations that disrupt putative inter‐subunit interactions result in channels with higher apparent ATP affinity. Lastly, we show that double mutants at the subunit interface show significant energetic coupling, especially if located in close proximity.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe provide the first structural mapping of the mutational distribution across the human population in a ligand‐gated ion channel and show that the density of missense mutations is constrained between protein domains, indicating evolutionary selection at the domain level. Our data may indicate that, unlike other ligand‐gated ion channels, P2X2 receptors have evolved an intrinsically high threshold for activation, possibly to allow for additional modulation or as a cellular protection mechanism against overstimulation.
The gravity of experience
Authors: Dutt Pushan , Maria Santacreu Ana , Traça Daniel A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we establish the importance of experience in international trade in reducing unmeasured trade costs and facilitating bilateral trade. We find a strong role for experience, measured in years of positive trade, for both aggregate and sectoral bilateral trade. In an augmented gravity framework, with a very comprehensive set of fixed effects and trend variables, we find that a 1% increase in experience at the country‐pair level increases bilateral exports by 0.417% and reduces trade costs by 0.105%. Non‐parametric estimates imply that nine years of experience is equivalent to a country pair joining a preferential trading area. We show that experience matters more for country pairs that are distant, non‐contiguous, do not share a common language, lack colonial links and legal ties to one another. Subsequently, we construct microfounded measures of trade costs and show how these decline with the accumulation of experience. Our results are consistent with experience reducing the bilateral unmeasured variable costs of trade and experience shared across firms and industries.
A novel approach for recipe prediction of fabric dyeing based on feature‐weighted support vector regression and particle swarm optimisation
Authors: Li Feng , Chen Caiting , Mao Zhiping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecipe prediction is one of the most critical steps in the fabric dyeing industry. The conventional Kubelka–Munk model and neural network techniques have been widely used in recipe prediction systems. However, there are some limitations to these two methods: predictions using the Kubelka–Munk model may not be robust enough; and neural networks require large amounts of training data. Therefore, this paper investigates a novel recipe prediction method for fabric dyeing based on feature‐weighted support vector regression and particle swarm optimisation. Feature‐weighted support vector regression improved with particle swarm optimisation was first developed to predict the CIELab coordinates for given dye concentrations, expressed as . Particle swarm optimisation was utilised again in the recipe prediction stage to search for the optimal recipe in an iterative process. The optimisation criterion is to minimise the colour differences (CMC [2:1]) between the CIELab value calculated by feature‐weighted support vector regression improved with particle swarm optimisation and the target CIELab of a swatch. Dyeing data based on two different fabrics (cotton and taffeta) were used in the experiment. The proposed method revealed good results with a slight average colour difference between the target and reproduced colours. The absolute percentage errors in predicting concentrations were less than 5% in most of our experimental recipes. In addition, the comparative experimental results illustrate that our method had higher accuracy and better practical applicability than other methods.
Role of local communities in the social network of the protected area management
Authors: Pereira Joana , Santos Maria João , Rosalino Luís Miguel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiodiversity conservation traditionally necessitates setting aside land, which frequently impacts local communities. Although progress has been made on how to optimize this process, conflict frequently emerges when conservation and community goals are at odds. Improving communication and community inclusiveness in decision‐making processes is strongly recommended to achieve livelihood goals and conservation outcomes. We used social network analysis to understand how local communities are embedded within the structure and dynamics of stakeholder interactions in Quirimbas National Park (Mozambique). We detected a network of limited cooperation that lacks bidirectional communication, displaying low average knowledge transfer but high bonding across stakeholder groups with similar perceptions. Local communities only interact with the district government and they have a passive voice in the system. A more inclusive network structure is needed so that conservation and community livelihood goals can be achieved.