bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epstein–Barr virus and malaria upregulate AID and APOBEC3 enzymes, but only AID seems to play a major mutagenic role in Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Summerauer Andrea M. , Jäggi Vera , Ogwang Rodney , Traxel Sabrina , Colombo Lorenzo , Amundsen Eivind , Eyer Tatjana , Subramanian Bibin , Fehr Jan , Mantel Pierre‐Yves , Idro Richard , Bürgler Simone 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEndemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is characterized by an oncogenic IGH/c‐MYC translocation and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) positivity, and is epidemiologically linked to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Both EBV and malaria are thought to contribute to eBL by inducing the expression of activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID), an enzyme involved in the IGH/c‐MYC translocation. AID/apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide‐like (AID/APOBEC) family enzymes have recently emerged as potent mutagenic sources in a variety of cancers, but apart from AID, their involvement in eBL and their regulation by EBV and P. falciparum is unknown. Here, we show that upon inoculation with EBV, human B cells strongly upregulate the expression of enzymatically active APOBEC3B and APOBEC3G. In addition, we found significantly increased levels of APOBEC3A in B cells of malaria patients, which correlated with parasite load. Interestingly, despite the fact that APOBEC3A, APOBEC3B, and APOBEC3G caused c‐MYC mutations when overexpressed in HEK293T cells, a mutational enrichment in eBL tumors was only detected in AID motifs. This suggests that even though the EBV‐ and P. falciparum‐directed immune response triggers the expression and activity of several AID/APOBEC members, only the upregulation of AID has oncogenic consequences, while the induction of the APOBEC3 subfamily may primarily have immunoprotective functions.
Identifying diverse paths toward successful policy performance in Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) and European Union countries: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) exploitation of the Sustainable Governance Indicators (SGI) data
Authors: Bazzan Giulia , Álamos‐Concha Priscilla , Rihoux Benoît 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough the policy performance field acknowledges the importance of adopting a long‐term decision making perspective to attain more sustainable policy outcomes, it overlooks the way in which sustainable governance conditions and policy performance relate to each other. We address this gap by investigating why some countries succeed in terms of policy performance while others do not. Applying a fuzzy‐set QCA to 41 Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development and European Union countries of the Sustainable Governance Indicators data, we find out that successful economic and social policy performance is mainly driven by executive accountability conditions combined with effective implementation, while the high‐quality of media plays a key role in successful environmental policy performance. Considering the multiple paths that practitioners can follow toward sustainable development benefits, they can also learn how to shift from short‐term to long‐term thinking by identifying “what works and why,” formulating good practices and guidelines for better policy performance in the respective national contexts.
Energy efficient IoT‐based informative analysis for edge computing environment
Authors: Bhatia Munish 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) is an intelligent technology that interconnection of everything at any time over an edge computing network. Because of pervasiveness and ubiquity, IoT technology is exhausting energy resources over edge computing platforms. As a result, IoT energy efficiency has become a prominent research domain. Conspicuously, an energy‐efficient IoT framework for the edge computing paradigm has been proposed in the present research. Specifically, the proposed framework comprises three layers including perception and control layer, data processing layer, and application and visualization layer. The presented framework predicts inactive sensor intervals based on respective battery percentage, historical utility, and data accuracy needed for edge‐based service delivery. Specifically, when the sensing nodes are in inactivity mode, the predicted value increases edge resource usage by re‐provisioning the allotted resources. Moreover, the presented technique enables energy‐efficient utilization of IoT resources. For validation purposes, the performance comparison is performed with state‐of‐the‐art techniques. It shows that the presented framework is significantly enhanced in terms of energy consumption efficacy (30.45 mJ/K nodes), packet loss ratio (0.51%), statistical performance, and system stability (84.69%).
Self‐Care
Authors: Rosenbaum Susanna , Talmor Ruti 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSelf‐care is everywhere these days. Unlike “care,” it is not yet a central term in anthropology, but recent ethnographic studies point up its potential. In this keyword entry, we trace out distinct yet co‐present understandings of the term that stem from radically different worldviews and construct it in oppositional, mutually exclusive ways. The first is the Black feminist lineage, which defines self‐care as a political warfare within and against an American system of intersectional oppression. The second is a multidisciplinary body of work which builds on Foucault and defines self‐care as a neoliberal form of domination and subjectification. Finally, we examine a burgeoning literature on refusal that emerges from multiple disciplines, including queer and affect theory, Native studies, Black feminism, and disability studies. Centering the margins, this perspective directly speaks to processes of domination, elucidating the recursive relationship among self, care, and personhood—how practices of care produce persons, and in turn, how only those accorded full personhood are deemed worthy of care. Containing these multiple and conflicting definitions, self‐care thus exposes the current experience of crisis as bifurcated: either hopelessly ongoing or hopefully at a breaking point that will lead to change.
Development of probiotics beverage using cereal enzymatic hydrolysate fermented with Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Authors: Yang Zhoujie , Zhu Xiaoli , Wen Anyan , Qin Likang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough most probiotic products are milk based, lactose intolerance and vegetarianism inspired the idea of developing nondairy probiotic products. In this study, probiotic beverages were produced from four enzymatically hydrolyzed cereal substrates (coix seed, quinoa, millet, and brown rice) and fermented by Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Fermentation parameters, including pH, titratable acidity, viable count, organic acids, and volatile components were determined. Results showed that the pH values decreased and titratable acidity increased with the fermentation process (p < .05). Although the final pH in all samples was below 4.0, the growth of L. reuteri was not significantly inhibited by low pH. The number of viable bacteria (12.96 log CFU/ml) in coix seed substrate was significantly higher than that in other samples after the fermentation for 24 h (p < .05). Lactic acid and acetic acid were the main organic acids after fermentation and the highest in quinoa (lactic acid: 7.58 mg/ml; acetic acid: 2.23 mg/ml). The flavor analysis indicated that there were differences in the flavor components of different cereal beverages. Forty‐nine volatile compounds were identified in four beverages, including acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and esters. The results of the electronic tongue showed that the umami taste of the fermented coix seed was better than that of other samples, displaying the more pleasant taste characteristics. In conclusion, it is feasible to prepare probiotic symbiotic cereal beverage with L. reuteri as starter culture. This study provides a reference for the development of nondairy probiotic products.
Protocol for “Genetic composition of sickle cell disease in the Arab population: A systematic review”
Authors: Ata Fateen , Yousaf Zohaib , Sardar Sundus , Javed Saad , Iqbal Phool , Khamees Ibraheem , Malkawi Lujain Salahaldeen , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a global health issue in hematology with a progressively increasing prevalence. There are recent advances in the management of SCD, with new drugs being introduced. It is essential to analyze the genetic makeup of SCD regionally to anticipate the effectiveness of management modalities. This systematic review's main objectives are (a) to combine the existing knowledge of the genetic composition of SCD in the Arab population and (b) to analyze the various phenotypes of SCD prevalent in the Arab population.MethodsWe will perform a systematic review and search multiple electronic databases predefined search terms to identify eligible articles. Eligible studies should report findings on the genetic testing of Sickle Cell disease in the 22 Arab countries. Case reports, case series, observational studies with cross‐sectional or prospective research design, case‐control studies, and experimental studies will be included. Study quality will be independently evaluated by two reviewers using the statistical methodology and categories guided by the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook and PRISMA guidelines.DiscussionThis review will explore and integrate the evidence available on the various genotypes and phenotypes of SCD in the Arab population. By acquiring and summarizing data about the genetic and phenotypic variants of the SCD patient population, this study will add to the knowledge and help find more precise treatments.Systematic review registrationThe protocol is registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020218666).
Biventricular strain and strain rate impairment shortly after surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot in children: A case‐control study
Authors: Dehghan Bahar , Ahmadi Alireza , Sarfarazi Moghadam Shima , Sabri Mohammad Reza , Ghaderian Mehdi , Mahdavi Chehreh , Sedighi Mohsen , Bigdelian Hamid 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly biventricular dysfunction in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) children may lead to poor clinical outcomes. We aimed to assess biventricular function in TOF children before and after surgery by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and compare them with the controls.MethodsTwenty repaired TOF children and 20 normal children as controls were assessed by STE. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), biventricular strain, and strain rate were compared before and after surgery and between TOF children and controls.ResultsPostoperative LVEF (p = 0.001), strain (p = 0.001), and strain rate (p = 0.001) for left ventricle improved significantly compared to preoperative phase. However, postoperative left ventricular strain (p = 0.05) and strain rate (p = 0.01) in TOF children were significantly impaired compared to controls. Postoperative LVEF was correlated inversely with postoperative strain rate (r = −0.40, p = 0.04). Postoperative TAPSE (p = 0.001), strain (p = 0.001), and strain rate (p = 0.001) for right ventricle significantly worsened when compared with the preoperative phase. Moreover, postoperative TAPSE (p = 0.001), strain (p = 0.001), and strain rate (p = 0.01) were significantly impaired compared to controls. Postoperative right ventricular strain rate was correlated significantly with the weight of children (r = 0.48, p = 0.02), and postoperative left ventricular strain showed significant correlations with aortic clamp time (r = 0.44, p = 0.04) and with ICU stay (r = −0.46, p = 0.04).ConclusionDespite normal LVEF, TOF children exhibit impaired left ventricular strain and strain rate after surgery. TAPSE, strain, and strain rate for the right ventricle worsen after surgical repair. STE‐driven strain can be used to detect early ventricular dysfunction and the associated prognostic implications.
Macro‐management policies: A supporting role to company' capital expenditure
Authors: Zehri Chokri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article studies the empirical impact of Foreign Assets Management (FAM) on companies' capital expenditure in emerging market economies with International Financial Shocks (IFS). The empirical analysis uses annual data of 2931 publicly listed companies in 45 emerging market economies from 2000 to 2019. We analyzed a multiplicative regression of a canonical capital expenditure Q model. The findings show that FAM positively affects companies' capital expenditure. Moreover, financially restricted companies are more sensitive to the favourable impact of FAM compared to restricted companies. Our results highlight the relevance of considering companies' heterogeneity when examining the effect of macro‐management policies. In addition, FAM has a more favourable impact on companies' capital expenditure in economies that concurrently use capital controls and macroprudential policy. Finally, our findings suggest that successful macro‐management policies insulate capital expenditure from adverse IFS. This result highlights the role of more coordinated approaches to repel adverse international shocks.
Biogenesis of JC polyomavirus associated extracellular vesicles
Authors: Morris‐Love Jenna , O'Hara Bethany A. , Gee Gretchen V. , Dugan Aisling S. , O'Rourke Ryan S. , Armstead Brandon E. , Assetta Benedetta , Haley Sheila A. , Atwood Walter J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a small, non‐enveloped virus that persists in the kidney in about half the adult population. In severely immune‐compromised individuals JCPyV causes the neurodegenerative disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in the brain. JCPyV has been shown to infect cells by both direct and indirect mechanisms, the latter involving extracellular vesicle (EV) mediated infection. While direct mechanisms of infection are well studied indirect EV mediated mechanisms are poorly understood. Using a combination of chemical and genetic approaches we show that several overlapping intracellular pathways are responsible for the biogenesis of virus containing EV. Here we show that targeting neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (nSMase2) with the drug cambinol decreased the spread of JCPyV over several viral life cycles. Genetic depletion of nSMase2 by either shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 reduced EV‐mediated infection. Individual knockdown of seven ESCRT‐related proteins including HGS, ALIX, TSG101, VPS25, VPS20, CHMP4A, and VPS4A did not significantly reduce JCPyV associated EV (JCPyV(+) EV) infectivity, whereas knockdown of the tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 or trafficking and/or secretory autophagy‐related proteins RAB8A, RAB27A, and GRASP65 all significantly reduced the spread of JCPyV and decreased EV‐mediated infection. These findings point to a role for exosomes and secretory autophagosomes in the biogenesis of JCPyV associated EVs with specific roles for nSMase2, CD9, CD81, RAB8A, RAB27A, and GRASP65 proteins.
Age‐, sex‐, and subregion‐specific properties of distal fibular microarchitecture and strength: An ex vivo HR‐pQCT study
Authors: Schlickewei Carsten , Schweizer Conradin , Püschel Klaus , Ondruschka Benjamin , Kleinertz Holger , Barg Alexej , Rolvien Tim , Stürznickel Julian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite its clinical relevance in the context of ankle fractures, little is known about the bone microarchitecture and strength of the distal fibula, especially regarding age‐, sex‐, and subregion‐specific effects. To address this gap of knowledge, we obtained fibulae from 30 skeletally intact donors at autopsy (each 15 male and female), which were analyzed by high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography including micro‐finite element analysis. Scans were performed in a 7‐cm volume of interest and evaluated in three subregions according to the Danis‐Weber fracture classification. Group comparisons and linear regression analyses were applied to evaluate the effects of age, sex, and subregion. From distal to proximal, we observed an increase of cortical parameters and a decrease of trabecular parameters. Age was primarily associated with a cortical decrease in all subregions (Danis‐Weber type A, B, and C) in women. While women showed a greater magnitude of decline, men also exhibited an age‐associated decrease for some parameters, including cortical area and cortical thickness in the type C subregion. Stiffness and failure load were highest in the type C subregion in both women and men. A critical age‐related decline in bone strength parameters in the type B subregion was observed in women, providing an explanation for the increased incidence of low‐traumatic type B fractures in the elderly. Together, these findings extend the current understanding of distal fibular microarchitecture, likely explaining the epidemiologic features of distal fibula fractures and emphasizing the need for age‐adapted treatment algorithms.
Infusion reaction incidence after switching all patients to an infliximab biosimilar in an Australian hospital
Authors: Whatmough Sarah , Snoswell Centaine , Callaghan Gavin , Lucas Grace , Barras Michael , Morris Christopher 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo date, two infliximab biosimilar brands have been approved for use in Australia. In 2020, Queensland Health encouraged biosimilar use by removing the infliximab originator from their state formulary and left only one infliximab biosimilar (Renflexis®; Samsung Bioepis, Sydney, NSW, Australia). The aim was to conduct a quality assurance study examining the incidence of infusion reactions after switching all patients to the one approved biosimilar brand of infliximab. This was a retrospective study of medical charts of all patients who received an infliximab dose at a tertiary hospital between 10 June to 30 September 2020. The number of infusion reactions to the first dose of Renflexis® (Samsung Bioepis) was compared to the two doses immediately prior to the switch with an alternative brand. The study received ethics exemption (2020100904CM). A total of 370 doses of infliximab were dispensed to 139 patients, of which 320 doses (86.5%) were Renflexis® (Samsung Bioepis). There were three patients excluded from the study. A total of 119 patients (88%) were switched to the Renflexis® (Samsung Bioepis) brand and two of these patients (1.7%) experienced a true infusion reaction. When compared to doses prior to the switch, three of 116 patients (2.6%) with data available experienced an infusion reaction for the dose immediately prior, and one of 113 patients (0.9%) for two doses prior. No treatment‐naïve patients (n = 17) initiated on Renflexis® (Samsung Bioepis) experienced an infusion reaction. The use of a biosimilar infliximab, in both treatment‐naïve patients and those and switching from alternative brands, does not appear to have an increased incidence of infusion reactions.
Measuring clinician stuck points about trauma‐focused cognitive behavior therapy: The TF‐CBT Stuck Points Questionnaire
Authors: Patel Zabin S. , Casline Elizabeth , Shaw Ashley M. , Jensen‐Doss Amanda , Ramirez Vanessa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough evidence‐based treatments (EBTs) for youth trauma have been developed, trauma‐informed EBTs are rarely used in community settings. Clinician concerns about evidence‐based trauma treatment may be a barrier to adoption and delivery. However, few instruments to assess clinician beliefs about specific EBTs, such as trauma‐focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF‐CBT) are available. This study evaluated an instrument of clinician concerns about TF‐CBT, the TF‐CBT Therapist Stuck Points questionnaire, in a sample of community mental health clinicians training in a year‐long TF‐CBT community‐based learning collaborative. The 26 items in the instruments, which aim to assess clinician views on child trauma treatment and TF‐CBT, indicate preliminary psychometric support (i.e., item‐total correlations, internal consistency, negative correlations with measures of attitudes towards evidence‐based practice). Scores on the TF‐CBT Therapist Stuck Points questionnaire revealed that, on average, clinicians expressed concerns about having children talk about their trauma in session, the effectiveness of certain TF‐CBT components, and whether to involve caregivers in treatment. Clinician doubts could be targeted during a TF‐CBT implementation effort and clinical supervision to facilitate treatment delivery. Implications for assessing TF‐CBT specific beliefs during implementation are discussed.
A multiobjective discrete combination optimization method for dynamics design of engineering structures
Authors: Ding Wenjie , Ji Yanchen , Liao Haitao , Fang Daining 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new multiobjective discrete optimization method for the engineering design of dynamic problems. A discrete combinatorial optimization problem is solved using a particle swarm optimization algorithm coupled with a stair‐form interpolation model. To address multiobjective optimization issues, a weighted average approach is implemented to convert the multiobjective optimization problem into an equivalent single‐objective optimization problem. Design constraints are taken into consideration by using the penalty function strategy. The proposed method is first verified with a 10‐bar truss structure design problem, where the cross‐sectional area of each bar is optimized to minimize both volume and node displacement. Second, the dynamic issue for hybrid composite laminates is investigated by maximizing the fundamental frequency and minimizing the cost. The results reveal that the optimized results generated by the proposed method agree well with those from other approaches.
Antarctic data impact experiments with Polar WRF during the YOPP‐SH summer special observing period
Authors: Bromwich David H. , Powers Jordan G. , Manning Kevin W. , Zou Xun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractData impact experiments are conducted employing the Polar Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model during the YOPP‐SH summer special observing period (SOP) using the Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) framework to determine the forecast impact of numerous additional radiosondes collected during the SOP. Hybrid variational‐ensemble three‐dimensional data assimilation is performed on model forecast domains over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean using all regular observations normally available (Experiment “NoSOP”) and using the same set plus the extra soundings launched for the SOP (Experiment “SOP”). The SOP results show better near‐surface temperature and wind‐speed forecasts than the NoSOP results, primarily over West Antarctica. Radiosonde profiles confirm that temperature and wind‐speed forecasts are improved throughout the troposphere with the addition of the SOP radiosonde data, but the results for relative humidity are variable. Temperatures are improved at lower levels early in the forecasts, whereas wind speeds are better at higher levels later in the forecasts. An evaluation against the ERA5 global reanalysis that provides a much broader perspective reveals that the improved forecast skill for the SOP experiment persists up to 72 hours for temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity. The gains, however, are primarily confined to the Antarctic continent, consistent with the additional radiosonde spatial coverage being mainly poleward of 60°S. With extra radiosondes concentrated over the Antarctic Peninsula, SOP forecasts of the region downstream of the Peninsula were significantly improved compared to NoSOP forecasts. In addition, it is found that the assimilation of the additional radiosonde data can have a greater impact on the forecasts of strong cyclones, as shown for a major coastal cyclone affecting West Antarctica, with improvements in its magnitude and track. The results also suggest that increasing radiosonde launches at lower southern latitudes would improve forecasts over the Southern Ocean, especially during austral winter.