bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vitro in-vivo antibacterial and immuno-modulatory effects of probiotics and phytobiotics in egg type birds
Authors: Mushtaq Muhammad , Sadique Umer , Shah Muqadar , Ullah Haq Aman , Anwar Faisal , Nawaz Noor Ul Ain 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Probiotics and phytobiotics are used as alternatives to antibiotic as growth promoters (AGPs) in monogastric animals. Bioactive compounds of phytobiotics are considered as potential agents by promoting beneficial intestinal-microbiota without influencing the growth of pathogenic microflora spp. It can provide an optimal precondition for effective protection against the zoonotic infectious pathogens and involve in host gut-immune/defense system. The prolonged uses of antibiotics in poultry industry developed the resistance strains of primary pathogenic or opportunistic bacteria and regress the GIT related immunity. Therefore, the present research study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effects of phytobiotics and probiotics during induced mix (E. coli and salmonella) infection in egg type birds. Six different phytobiotic extracts with constant dose level of probiotic were 1st evaluated through in-vitro screening by disk diffusion method against the resisted E. coli and Salmonella paratyphi. Based on in-vitro screening, phytobiotics were further evaluated in-vive trail. The potential of phytobiotics with probiotic were evaluated by observing the feed intake, mortality, morbidity, microbial count and immunoglobulin (Ig) during the induced mixed infection (E.coli and Slamonella). Birds were inoculated with E.coli and salmonella at the rate of 1x108 cfu/ml each. Birds were alienated into 12 groups having three replicates. Phytobiotics extracts at standard rate of 1, 100 and 1000mg/L were used for all the three selected medicinal plants with probiotic @ 0.03ml/L (12×106 spores). On evaluation through in-vitro phase phytobiotics (Fenugreek, B. Lycium and T. arjuna) extracts and probiotic reflect more potential by inhibiting the growth of selected bacterial strains. Feed intake, mortality were significantly different among the experimental groups. It was notice that phytobiotics and probiotic at 1000mg/L+0.03ml/L showed improved health status (Microbial count, Ig and Morbidity) against the infection as compared to control and standard group. It was concluded from the present experiment that phytobiotics and probiotics possess antimicrobial and immune-modulatory properties.
ANFIS Classification based Vegetation Area Detection and Classification using Texture Features
Authors: R shanmuga sundaram , N Santhiya Kumari 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to classify the satellite image into vegetation and nonvegetation area. Satellite image, taken from National Satellite Meteorological Center has been preprocessed with the colour conversion and histogram equalization process, Color conversion technique helps to determine the accurate representation of the area presented in image with less amount of information in the satellite image. Whereas, histogram equalization helps in increasing the intensity level to visualize the different area details of satellite image clearly. Preprocessed images have been processed by feature extraction technique where five different features have been extracted with Gray level coherence matrix (GLCM) and Local Derivative Pattern (LDP) techniques. In this proposed methodology, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classifier has been used to category the satellite image areas into vegetation and Non-vegetation. Analysis was done based on the parameters such as sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The results obtained with sensitivity of 96.03%, 94.65 of specificity and 96.08% of accuracy shows that better performance as compared to the existing methodologies available. It will help to maintain climate conditions for crop cultivation, overcoming global warming. Ecological cycle will be balanced and life span of human will be extended based on the vegetation area availability
A noble-metal-free metal-organic framework for alkane borylation
Authors: Li Zhe , Zeng Lingzhen , Cao Yonghua , An Bing , Zhang Jingzheng , Zhang Yige , Li Han , Lin Wenbin , Wang Cheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Catalytic borylation of unactivated C(sp3)‒H bond is of great interest but quite challenging. Reported catalysts mostly contain noble metals such as iridium and ruthenium. Here, we report an earth-abundant zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) catalyst with zirconium hydride (Zr‒H) active sites for methane borylation. Isotope exchange experiment and spectroscopic evidence confirm methane activation by Zr‒H active sites to generate Zr‒CH3 and H2, possibly via σ-bond metathesis. Theoretical calculations suggest another σ-bond metathesis step for C‒B bond formation. The MOF catalyst selectively borylates end methyl group in alkanes and other compounds. For example, the MOF catalyst mono-borylated the end methyl group of n-pentane in 87% yield with > 98% selectivity. The selectivity of primary C‒H bond over secondary C‒H bond is attributed to the steric effect around the Zr‒H site in the MOF, as Zr‒H sites on supports with less stringent steric control have poorer selectivity. This work provides new insights into developing catalysts for alkane functionalization.
Identification of the collagen family as prognostic biomarkers in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Niu Juntao , Guo Wenyu , Chen YuZhou , Jiang Ning 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to construct a collagen-related prognostic model for thyroid cancer and to investigate prognostic value of collagen family genes for thyroid cancer.Methods: A LASSO Cox regression model for thyroid cancer was developed based on the expression profiles of collagen-related genes. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for high and low risk groups. The ROC method was used to assess its predictive performance. Predictive independence was verified by multivariate cox regression analysis. The relationship between this feature and immune cell infiltration was analyzed by tumor microenvironment. COL18A1 was validated by immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR in thyroid cancer tissues. The effect of COL18A1 on the immune escape ability of tumor cells was further valuated by cytotoxicity assays.Results: A model including 4 collagen family genes was developed to predict thyroid cancer prognosis. Patients with high-risk score had a poorer prognosis than those with low-risk scores for 1-, 2-, 3- and 5- year survival. The model independently predicted prognosis after adjusting for other prognostic factors. A nomogram combining risk score and age was constructed with high sensitivity and specificity. This feature was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration. COL18A1 was aberrantly over-expressed in thyroid cancer compared with control tissues and significantly increased immune escape ability of tumor cells.Conclusion: Our findings establish a signature associated with collagen family genes that can effectively predict the prognosis of thyroid cancer. High COL18A1 expression significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of patients and enhanced the immune escape ability of tumor cells.
Air Quality During The COVID-19 Epidemic in China
Authors: Lv Shijin , Wen Wen , Wang Chunyi , Chen Chen , Tang Jiake , Cheng Yongran , Zhou Mengyun , Wu Qi , Zhang Xingwei , Wang Ming-wei , Feng Zhanhui , Yang Dong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China. It has since put global public health institutions on high alert. People reduced their traveling, and production has stopped nationwide during the epidemic. This paper explores the effect of these COVID-19-derived changes on the air quality in China. Air quality data of 367 cities around China were included. The daily air pollutants concentration (AQI,CO, O3, NO2, SO2, PM10, and PM2.5) were collected. We compared the air quality changes between three periods (23.1.2019-23.3.2019, 22.11.2019-22.1.2020, and 23.1.2020–23.3.2020). To compare, we calculated the daily average number of cities with pollution, and the trend in air quality index change. Furthermore, Air quality in the top 50 cities with confirmed cases and Wuhan was analyzed. During the period between 23.1.2020 and 23.3.2020, the number of cities with excellent air quality was significantly higher than that in another two periods. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, CO, and O3 decreased significantly during the COVID-19 epidemic. The most significant decreases were in PM10 and NO2. The number of cities with good air quality in the later period was significantly higher than that a year before. The air quality has improved significantly during the COVID-19 outbreak, The reason for this change may be human activities such as reduced transportation and production stoppage.
Quantifying 18F-sodium fluoride uptake in abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Debono Samuel , Nash Jennifer , Fletcher Alexander J. , Syed Maaz B. J. , Semple Scott I. , Beek Edwin J. R. van , Fletcher Alison , Cadet Sebastien , Williams Michelle C , Dey Damini , Slomka Piotr J. , Forsythe Rachael O. , Dweck Marc R. , Newby David E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Aortic microcalcification activity is a recently described method of measuring aortic 18F-sodium fluoride uptake in the thoracic aorta on positron emission tomography . In this study, we aimed to compare and to modify this method for use within the infrarenal aorta of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms.Methods: Twenty-five patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms underwent an 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography and computed tomography scan. Maximum and mean tissue to background ratios (TBR) and abdominal aortic microcalcification activity were determined following application of a thresholding and variable radius method to correct for vertebral 18F-sodium fluoride signal spill-over and the non-linear changes in aortic diameter respectively. Agreement between the methods, and repeatability of these approaches were assessed.Results: The aortic microcalcification activity method was three-fold quicker to perform than the TBR method (14 versus 40 min, p<0.001). There was moderate to good agreement between TBR and aortic microcalcification activity measurements for maximum (interclass correlation co-efficient, 0.67) and mean (interclass correlation co-efficient, 0.88) values. These correlations sequentially improved with the application of thresholding (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.89-0.95) and variable diameter (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.94-0.99) techniques. The optimized method had good intra-observer (mean 1.57 ± 0.42, bias 0.08, co-efficient of repeatability 0.36 and limits of agreement -0.43 to 0.43) and inter-observer (mean 1.57 ± 0.42, bias 0.08, co-efficient of repeatability 0.47 and limits of agreement -0.53 to 0.53) repeatability.Conclusions: Aortic microcalcification activity is a quick and simple method which demonstrates good intra-observer and inter-observer repeatabilities and provides measures of 18F-sodium fluoride uptake that are comparable to established methods.
Relationship between medical students’ perceived instructor role and their approaches to using online learning technologies in a cloud-based virtual classroom
Authors: Wang Rong , Han Jiying , Liu Chuanyong , Wang Lixiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Students can take different approaches to using online learning technologies: deep and surface. It is important to understand the relationship between instructor role and student approaches to using online learning technologies in online learning settings supported by cloud computing techniques.
Methods
A cross-sectional quantitative research was conducted to investigate the characteristics of and relationships between medical students’ perceptions of instructor role (instructor support, instructor student interaction, and instructor innovation) and students’ approaches to using online learning technologies in cloud-based virtual classrooms (n = 192).
Results
The results showed high levels of medical students’ perceived instructor support, instructor-student interaction and instructor innovation. Most students adopted the deep approaches to using online learning technologies. Instructor support and innovation were positively related to students’ deep approaches to using online learning technologies. Instructor support was negatively related to students’ surface approaches to using online learning technologies.
Conclusions
The relationship between instructor role (instructor support, instructor-student interaction and instructor innovation) and students’ approaches to using online learning technologies highlight the importance of the instructor role in facilitating students’ adoption of desirable approaches to learning from the application of technologies rather than course knowledge, and also provide a guideline for online instructors to use effective course design, assessment and facilitation strategies.
Quantifying Dysregulation of fMRI-Derived Control Circuits for Computational Psychiatry
Authors: Sultan Syed , Skiena Steve , Mujica-Parodi Lilianne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are thought to result from dysregulated brain circuits, yet human neuroimaging currently lacks standardized methods for quantifying neural dysregulation. Here, we present a scalable framework for extracting fMRI-derived (generative) control circuits, then use circuit trajectories to estimate their control error. Using synthetic circuits, we first demonstrate that our framework accurately identifies each circuit's architecture and models its dynamics by estimation of transfer functions. As a use case, we then apply the framework to human task-based functional MRI data (UK Biobank, N=19,831). In a purely data-driven manner, without priors, our framework identified thalamus-linked prefrontal-limbic and ventral stream subcircuits, selectively engaged during sensorimotor processing of affective and non-affective stimuli. Finally, we demonstrate that circuit-wide dysregulation, defined by degree of drift from healthy trajectories, tracks symptom severity for neuroticism (ventral subcircuit), depression (prefrontal-limbic subcircuit), and bipolar disorder (full circuit).
Low Result Reporting Rates Of The Clinical Trial Of Regenerative Medicine For Neurological Diseases Registered On Clinicaltrials.Gov: A Pilot Study Using Four Neurological Diseases
Authors: Negoro Takaharu , Okura Hanayuki , Hayashi Shigekazu , Arai Tsutomu , Matsuyama Akifumi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sharing the methods and results of clinical trials with full transparency is an ethical obligation of those involved in clinical research. In our previous trend analysis of regenerative medicine clinical trials for stroke, the result reporting rate of trials on gene and/or cell therapy was suspected to be low. Here a pilot study was conducted, the scope of trials based on four neurological diseases using data registered in ClinicalTrials.gov was expanded, and factors affecting the result reporting rate by multivariate analysis were examined using trials on small-molecule compounds and biologics as controls. As a result, stroke as a disease and gene and/or cell therapy as a modality were identified as factors affecting the low reporting rate to ClinicalTrials.gov. However, none of these factors had an inhibitory effect on the journal reporting rate using PubMed as the index. Therefore, these results indicate that disease and modality affected the reporting rate to ClinicalTrials.gov. We believe that further detailed investigation on the effects of disease area and modality on study result reporting rates is warranted.
Preoperative risk factors for delirium after major amputation: establishment of a nomogram
Authors: Chen Yanzhen , Ma Jinxing , Zeng Junfeng , Pan Zhimin , Nie Tao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in patients with major limb amputation and to establish a nomogram prediction model.
Methods
This is a retrospective case-control study. Patients who underwent major limb amputation (limb amputation above ankle or wrist) in a medical center from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as subjects. The patients were assessed for delirium using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Patient demographic and clinically relevant data were collected, and independent risk factors were screened using univariate analysis and logistic multivariate regression analysis. Nomograms were constructed using independent risk factors. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and calibration curves.
Results
A total of 120 patients with major amputation were included, and 46 patients developed postoperative delirium, with an incidence of 38.3%. Results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that age, Barthel classification, admission to ICU (intensive care unit) after surgery, and postoperative albumin level were independent risk factors for the occurrence of postoperative delirium. The area under the receiver operator characteristics curve for the constructed model was 0.918(95%CI,0.869–0.967), and the regression model results were reliable.
Conclusion
The incidence of postoperative delirium is high in patients with major amputation, and the incidence of delirium is high in amputation patients with higher age, low Barthel index, postoperative admission to ICU, and low postoperative albumin. The nomogram model constructed based on these risk factors can better predict the occurrence of postoperative delirium after amputation and provide reference for early intervention treatment.
Massively Targeted Evaluation of Therapeutic CRISPR Off-Targets in Cells
Authors: Pan Xiaoguang , Qu Kunli , Yuan Hao , Xiang Xi , Anthon Christian , Pashkova Liubov , Liang Xue , Han Peng , Corsi Giulia , Xu Fengping , Liu Ping , Zhong Jiayan , Zhou Yan , Ma Tao , Jiang Hui , Liu Junnian , Wang Jian , Jessen Niels , Bolund Lars , Yang Huanming , Xu Xun , Church George , Gorodkin Jan , Lin Lin , Luo Yonglun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sensitive and high-throughput evaluation of CRISPR RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs) off-targets (OTs) in cells are essential for safety assessment and advancing RGN-based gene therapies. Here we apply a modified library approach, SURRO-seq, for simultaneously evaluating thousands of off-target sites for therapeutic RGNs in cells. The SURRO-seq captures RGN-induced indels in barcoded surrogate off-target sites in cells by a pool of lentiviral vectors and targeted deep sequencing. We first evaluate 170 previously investigated OTs from 11 RGNs with SURRO-seq in HEK293T cells. SURRO-seq captures nearly 100% OTs found by T7E1, most (70%) GUIDEseq-identified OTs, and approximately half (51%) OTs found by CIRCLE-seq. We then apply SURRO-seq to evaluate 7140 OTs from 110 therapeutic RGNs. 105 RGNs are found to introduce significantly detectable indels in 753 OTs, of which 180 OTs have an indel frequency above 3%. Notably, significantly detectable off-target indels are identified in 37 cancer genes including tumor suppressor gene exons. We deep sequence 23 endogenous genome loci in five human cell lines and further validate that SURRO-seq can sensitively capture off-targets with indel frequency below 0.1%. High fidelity RGNs have substantially reduced indel rates introduced at OTs but significantly detectable indels are still found in some OTs. Analyses of OTs with significantly detectable indels indicates that thermodynamically stable wobble base pair (rG•dT) and free binding energy strongly affect RGN specificity. Our study emphasizes the necessity of carefully selecting high fidelity RGNs and evaluating therapeutic RGN to minimize inevitable off-targets.
Hsa_circ_0008500 acts as a hsa-miR-1273h-5p sponge to protect ADSCs from apoptosis in repairing diabetic wounds by upregulation of ELK1
Authors: meng fandong , shen fengjie , chu xuan , ling hongwei , qiao yun , liu deshan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Preliminary researches have confirmed that the number of apoptosis of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in patients with diabetes is significantly increased, leading to difficulty healing a wound. More and more researches revealed that the circular RNAs (circRNAs) take part in controlling apoptosis. Whereas, if and how circRNAs are critical for regulating ADSCs apoptosis remain unknown. In this study, we utilized in vitro model in which ADSCs were cultivated with normal glucose (NG) (5.5 mM) or high glucose (HG) (25 mM) medium, respectively, and found that contrast to ADSCs in NG medium, more apoptotic ADSCs were observed in HG medium. In further study, we found that hsa_circ_0008500 attenuated HG-mediated ADSCs apoptosis. In addition, Hsa_circ_0008500 could directly interacted with hsa-miR-1273h-5p, acting as a miRNA sponge, which subsequently suppressed ELK1 expression, the downstream target of hsa-miR-1273h-5p. Thus, these results indicated that targeting the hsa_circ_0008500/ hsa-miR-1273h-5p/ELK1 signaling caspase in ADSCs may be an underlying treatment target for repairing diabetic wounds.
Unusual Oral Teratoma in a Calf: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Maghraby HM El , Gaballa MM , Khalill AH 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Congenital teratoma is a rare malformation. This report presents a mature teratoma that arose from the hard palate in a Holstein Friesian calf. The case presented with elongated oral mass protruding from the mouth. Physical, Radiological and Ultrasonographic examinations revealed a palatal mass which was excised successfully with surgery. The structure was diagnosed histologically as a mature teratoma. This paper describes the first report of highly differentiated palatal teratoma in a Holstein Friesian calf.
Rapid And Sensitive Magnetic Field Sensor Based On Photonic Crystal Fiber With Magnetic Fluid Infiltrated Nanoholes
Authors: Azad saeed , Mishra Satyendra Kumar , Rezaei Ghasem , Izquierdo Ricardo , Ung Bora 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A fast response time (0.1s) magnetic field sensor has been demonstrated utilizing a photonic crystal fiber with nano-size air holes infiltrated with polyethylene glycol based magnetic fluid. The effect of magnetic nanoparticles concentration in the fluid on the magneto-optical sensor performance and its dependence under varying magnetic-field loads was investigated in detail. In particular, the sensor response was analytically modelled with a Langevin function with a good fit(R≥0.996). A threshold sensing point as low as 20 Gauss was recorded and a detection range of 0-35 mT was demonstrated by means of optical transmission measurements. The experimental results were validated by theory using a waveguide light transmission model fed by finite-element method simulations of the principal guided modes in the infiltrated fiber sensor. The simple interrogation scheme, high sensitivity and quick response time makes the proposed hybrid fiber-optic magneto-fluidic probe a promising platform for novel biochemical sensing applications.