bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of an online application to identify potential immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors based on the patient’s symptoms
Authors: Osawa Takahiro , Abe Takashige , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Ryuji , Murai Sachiyo , Nakao Takafumi , Tanaka Shinji , Watanabe Ayu , Shinohara Nobuo 
Published: March 2022

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly being used to treat malignancies. Some patients experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which may affect any organ/tissue. IrAEs are occasionally fatal and usually have nonspecific symptoms. We developed a three-step application (https://irae-search.com/) to provide healthcare professionals with information on the diagnosis, treatment options, and published reports for 38 categories of irAEs encountered in clinical practice.

Methods
IrAEs reported in ≥5 cases were identified from articles published between October 2018 and August 2020 by searching Japanese (SELIMIC, JAPIC-Q Service, and JMED Plus) and international (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Derwent Drug File) databases. The cases’ symptoms were entered into the application to identify irAEs, which were verified using the reported diagnosis, to evaluate the application’s sensitivity and specificity.

Results
Overall, 1209 cases (1067 reports) were analyzed. The three most common categories of irAEs were pituitary or adrenal disorders (14% of cases), skin disorders (13%), and diabetes mellitus (10%). The top three primary diseases were lung cancer (364 cases), melanoma (286 cases), and renal cell carcinoma (218 cases). The average sensitivity was 90.8% (range 44.4%–100.0%) initially, and improved to 94.8% (range 83.3%–100.0%) after incorporating the symptoms reported in published cases into the application’s logic for two irAE categories. The average specificity was 79.3% (range 59.1% [thyroid disorders]–98.2% [arthritis]).

Conclusion
irAE Search is an easy-to-use application designed to help healthcare professionals identify potential irAEs in ICI-treated patients in a timely manner to facilitate prompt management/treatment. The application showed high sensitivity and moderate-to-high specificity for detecting irAEs.
Higher fractional differentiability for solutions to a class of obstacle problems with non-standard growth conditions
Authors: Grimaldi Antonio Giuseppe , Ipocoana Erica 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We here establish the higher fractional differentiability for solutions to a class of obstacle problems with non-standard growth conditions.
We deal with the case in which the solutions to the obstacle problems satisfy a variational inequality of the form

∫
Ω

⟨

A
⁢

(
x
,

D
⁢
u

)

,

D
⁢

(

φ
-
u

)

⟩

⁢

d
x

≥
0

for all

⁢
φ

∈

K
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

,

\int_{\Omega}\langle\mathcal{A}(x,Du),D(\varphi-u)\rangle\,dx\geq 0\quad\text{for all}\ \varphi\in\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega),

where Ω is a bounded open subset of

R
n

\mathbb{R}^{n}

,

ψ
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

\psi\in W^{1,p}(\Omega)

is a fixed function called obstacle and

K
ψ

⁢

(
Ω
)

=

{

w
∈

W

1
,
p

⁢

(
Ω
)

:

w
≥

ψ

⁢

a.e. in

⁢
Ω

}

\mathcal{K}_{\psi}(\Omega)=\{w\in W^{1,p}(\Omega):w\geq\psi\ \text{a.e. in}\ \Omega\}

is the class of admissible functions.
Assuming that the gradient of the obstacle belongs to some suitable Besov space, we are able to prove that some fractional differentiability property transfers to the gradient of the solution.
Understanding the Role of Perceptions in Opportunity Evaluation: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Bylund Per L. , Malone Trey 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We construct a discrete choice experiment to study opportunity evaluation by entrepreneurs. This new method in entrepreneurship studies allows us to measure entrepreneurs’ utility functions and thereby their perceptions of opportunity. Consequently, we produce empirical evidence for how entrepreneurs evaluate opportunities beyond the objective facts and find two types of entrepreneurs with different evaluative behavior that cannot be explained by situational or demographic differences. We contribute to the opportunity evaluation literature by measuring perceptions, provide theoretical argument and present empirical evidence for heterogeneity among entrepreneurs, and introduce new methods that allow for more nuanced empirical analyses of entrepreneurial decision-making.
Textile UWB antenna performance for healthcare monitoring system
Authors: Subbian Parameswari , Chinnasamy Chitra , Suriyan Kannadhasan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A unique metamaterial-based UWB band notched textile antenna for Body Area Network (BAN) is created in this paper, with an operational frequency range of 3–11 GHz, spanning the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) band (3.1–10.6 GHz). Using the textile material Jeans, which has a permittivity of 1.67, the antenna’s size is lowered. To enhance the impedance bandwidth, the ground plane is made of partially conductive material and is rectangular. The hexagonal slot is used to increase the electric field dispersion along the borders of the hexagonal slot, which improves bandwidth. The gain of the UWB of the antenna maximum is obtained at 7.52 dB and minimum is obtained at 5.25 dB. The VSWR of the UWB of the antenna maximum is obtained at 1.92 and minimum is obtained at 1.45. The fabrication uses a Denim substrate with a thickness of 1 mm and a microstrip feed. The designed antenna is investigated for its return loss and gain characteristics.
TOPFLOW – a new multipurpose thermalhydraulic test facility for the investigation of steady state and transient two phase flow phenomena
Authors: Schaffrath A. , Krüssenberg A.-K. , Weiß F.-P. , Hicken E. F. , Beyer M. , Carl H. , Prasser H.-M. , Schuster J. , Schütz P. , Tamme M. , Zimmermann W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Forschungszentrum Rossendorf (FZR) e. V is constructing a new large-scale test facility, TOPFLOW, for thermalhydraulic single effect tests. The acronym stands for Transient Two Phase Flow Test Facility. It will mainly be used for the investigation of generic and applied steady state and transient two phase flow phenomena and the development and validation of models of Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) Codes.
Generic evaluation of operating experience with regard to the ageing behaviour of passive mechanical components in nuclear power plants
Authors: Michel F. , Reck H. , Schulz H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since the mid-90s, GRS has been dealing systematically with the assessment of the influences of ageing on the safety of nuclear power plants. This also involves the generic evaluation of operating experience. In the following, the procedure, methodological approaches and relevant results are presented in an exemplary manner for passive mechanical components. The results show that the number of events influenced by ageing phenomena that have so far occurred in German plants is low and that measures were taken where necessary to detect, monitor and control any changes due to ageing. As new insights may emerge over time concerning the assessment of the ageing behaviour of the components, it is considered necessary to continue with the ongoing generic evaluation of operating experience in order to obtain timely indications of any safety-relevant changes.
The role of PLiM technologies in CANDU TM ongoing aging management, life extension, and new designs
Authors: Shalaby B. , Nickerson J. H. , Dam R. F. , Lee N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper will discuss AECL’s approach in providing a comprehensive “full knowledge” support to plant ageing and ageing management. This requires the integration of research and development into safety, design, and service areas of the company. The paper will also explore how this integration is being accomplished through the initiatives of the PLiM program. The paper will examine several examples of how AECL is developing its understanding of ageing degradation, the engineered solutions, applying those solutions, improving those solutions, and finally incorporating these solutions into both the PLiM program and into new designs.
Framatome ANP GmbH Concept of Plant Life Management (PLIM)
Authors: Däuwel W. , Biemann W. , Danisch R. , Kastner B. , Meyer W. , Nopper H. , Waas U. , Warnken L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The deregulation of the power generation industry has resulted in increased competitive pressure and is forcing operators to improve plant operating economy while maintaining high levels of plant safety. A key factor to meeting this challenge is to apply a comprehensive plant life management (PLIM) approach which addresses all relevant ageing and degradation mechanisms regarding the safety concept, plant component structures and documentation, plant personnel, consumables, operations management system and administrative controls. For this reason, Framatome ANP GmbH has developed an integrated PLIM concept applicable for both new and operating plants and focusing on the safety concept, plant component structures and documentation.
Clinical value of SIRT1 as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, a systematic meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu-ling , Chen Pei , Guo Ying , Zhang Yan-jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Several studies reported that the expression of SIRT1 was associated with the clinical features of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the function remains inconsistent. We conducted this study to illustrate the clinical value of SIRT1 expression in the early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis of ESCC. In this study, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched by two independent researchers and STATA14.0 software was used to conduct meta-analysis. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the pooled effect. Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel were used to assess publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was used to evaluate the reliability and stability of meta-analysis results. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies were enrolled, including 811 cases of ESCC. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that SIRT1 was overexpressed in ESCC and the SIRT1 expression was closely related to the clinicopathological features of ESCC, such as tumor infiltration, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymph node metastasis. In the survival analysis, high expression of SIRT1 represented a poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Our study demonstrated that SIRT1 was overexpressed in ESCC, and it might be a potential biomarker for progress of ESCC.
Hinweise auf Gott
Authors: Heinrich-Ramharter Esther 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

References to God. Some Remarks by Wittgenstein on Religion in the Years 1949 – 51. After a brief overview of Wittgenstein's stock of remarks on the subject of religion from 1949 – 1951, this article will focus on two particular points: (1) supposedly nonsensical conceptions of God, for instance in the context of proofs of God, (2) definitions of the term ”God” by hinting at something. Connections between (1) and (2) both systematically and exegetically within the framework of Wittgenstein's remarks are made.
Ich danke Anja Weiberg für sehr hilfreiche Kommentare.
St Augustine and All That: Remarks on the beginning of Philosophical Investigations
Authors: Schulte Joachim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One way of identifying the beginning of the Investigations is by deciding to regard remark 1, and hence neither the motto nor the Preface but the famous quotation from Augustine, as the real starting point of Wittgenstein’s reflections as developed in this book. One point implicit in this decision is that the notion of a language-game is placed in the foreground of Wittgenstein’s discussion. In a way, the language-game of the builders (2) is Wittgenstein’s paradigm of a language-game – but why is it treated differently from the shopkeeper scene (last paragraph of remark 1) in the sense that the latter is not given a separate number? This question appears particularly urgent in view of the fact that in earlier manuscript versions of the Investigations Wittgenstein did allot a separate number to the shopkeeper scene. Towards the end of this paper I make an attempt to answer that question. But in order to get down to this a number of additional questions are raised focussing on Wittgenstein’s use of central terms like “game” (Spiel), “operate”, “sample” (Muster) and drawing on distinctions elaborated in the literature, such as Benacerraf’s distinction between “transitive” and “intransitive” kinds of counting. This reading of the beginning of the Investigations is impregnated with the conviction that later parts of the book can fruitfully be seen as growing out of the remarks immediately following the quotation from Augustine.
On the concept of childhood in Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations
Authors: Franken Figueiredo Florian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the sparse literature that is concerned with Wittgenstein’s views regarding children and childhood, in his later work, it is often suggested that Wittgenstein presents, or at least is committed to, a romantic notion of the child according to which children should be conceived of as innocent beings who are ontologically different from adults. In this paper I argue that Wittgenstein’s remarks do not support such an interpretation. First, I investigate the arguments for this view presented by Stanley Cavell, Yasushi Maruyama, and Philip Shields. Second, I consider an anti-essentialist understanding of Wittgenstein’s concept of childhood that has been suggested in opposition to the treatment of the child as the ‘ontological other’ and argue that Wittgenstein refers to the child as intermediate link with which to state grammatical facts. In contrast to these various views, I hold, third, that the PI is committed to a strong and substantial concept of childhood. I argue for this claim on the basis of (i) the ‘Motto’ of the PI; (ii) Wittgenstein’s reference to the philosopher Augustine; and (iii) the use of ‘primitive’. I conclude that Wittgenstein’s concept of childhood in his later works neither romanticises nor dispraises the child as the ‘ontological other’.
Phytonymic Pejorative Names for Men in the Pirot Speech (Linguo­cul­tu­ral Aspect)
Authors: Ratković Dragana M. 
Published: March 2022

The subject of the paper are nouns and noun phrases of negative expressive tonality, which primarily name realities from the plant world (plants and their parts, terms related to wood processing), and secondarily people in the Pirot dialect. The analysis also includes derivatives of units that belong to the semantic field “phytonym” and noun phrases whose adjective has a phytonymic meaning. The corpus consists of two dictionaries of the Pirot dialect: Novica Živković [Živković 1987] and Dragoljub Zlatković [Zlatković 2014; 2017]. The author analyzes language units from the linguocultural aspect to answer the questions related to: (1) human characteristics, behaviors and actions in Pirot speech which initiate negative characterization of a person with a phytonymic pejoratives; (2) appointments that reveal evaluation parameters; (3) the relationship between pejoration and laudation on the material of botanical vocabulary and terminology in naming the man in the Pirot dialect and (4) the relation of the phytonymic pejoration of man in the Pirot dialect with the same names in the modern Serbian language. Such a methodological procedure enables (1) reconstruction of the conceptualization of man as a plant outlined by phy­to­nymic pejoratives in the linguistic picture of the world and in the traditional culture of the Pirot region, as well as (2) consideration of relations and determination of (in) similarity with the image of the world in the modern Serbian language developed by the same lexical-semantic means.
Emergency Medical Response for Non-Hospitalized Person Events in a Children’s Hospital
Authors: Hoffman Olivia L. , Romano Jane , Kleinman Monica E. 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES
Hospital-based code blue (CB) teams are designed for hospitalized patients (HP) with unanticipated medical emergencies outside of an ICU. At our freestanding pediatric institution, the same team responds to CB calls involving nonhospitalized persons (NHP) throughout the hospital campus. We hypothesized there are significant differences between the characteristics of NHP and HP requiring emergency medical response, and most responses for NHP do not require advanced critical care.

METHODS
We analyzed a retrospective cohort of CB responses at our large, urban, academic children’s medical center from January to December 2017. We evaluated the demographic and clinical characteristics of these HP compared with NHP events.

RESULTS
There were 168 CB activations during the study, of which 135 (80.4%) were for NHP. Ninety-one (67.4%) of the NHP responses involved adults (age &gt;18 years) compared with 6 (18.2%) of the HP. Triggers for CB team activation for NHP were most frequently syncope (42.2%), seizure (10.3%), or fall (9.6%) compared with seizure (30.3%), hypoxia (27.3%), or anaphylaxis (12.1%) for HP. Critical interventions such as bag-mask ventilation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were infrequently performed for either cohort.

CONCLUSIONS
CB activations in our pediatric institution more often involve NHP than HP. NHP responses are more likely to involve adults and infrequently require advanced interventions. Use of a pediatric CB team for NHP events may be an unnecessary use of pediatric critical care resources. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the most effective team composition, training, and response system for NHP in a freestanding children’s hospital.
Altitudinal distribution of the functional feeding groups of aquatic macroinvertebrates using an ecological network in Andean streams
Authors: Serna Juan Pablo , Fernandez David , Velez Fabio , Ruiz Julián , Breckling Broder , Aguirre Néstor 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Analysis of functional feeding groups (FFG) in aquatic macroinvertebrates is important in understanding the structure, function, and dynamics of ecological processes ecosystems. Modularity refers to the degree of compartmentalization of food webs and varies between -1 and 1. A network with a modularity value close to 1 is resilient to disturbances and can be interpreted as an indicating factor for the stability of communities. Objective: In this study, we analyzed the trophic structure of benthic macroinvertebrates in La Nitrera stream, the San Juan River, and the Cauca River. Methods: The study was supported by ecological networking techniques using Gephi software. We studied nine sites in dry, rainy, and transition seasons in 2017 and 2018, monitoring changes in the altitude gradient. At each of the sites, the organisms were captured and determined, and physicochemical and hydraulic information was obtained. Results: The variance component analysis allowed to explain the variability of the data by relating the following environmental variables: FFG, diversity, richness, modularity, season, and time. Simple multifactorial ANOVA indicated that significant changes in FFG were associated with altitude, and modularity to time. The allocation of the FFG was done by stomach analysis and secondary information. Conclusion: The transition season had the highest modularity, possibly due to the recolonization of some biotopes caused by the decrease in riverbed velocity. La Nitrera and San Juan presented higher values than the Cauca, which may indicate that the altitudinal change and velocity of water currents affects the compartmentalization of the network.
Population genetics and molecular identification of Crocodylus acutus and C. moreletii (Crocodilia: Crocodylidae) in captive and wildlife populations
Authors: Villegas Alejandro , Rojas-Santoyo Aliet , Ulloa-Arvizu Raúl 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: There is low evidence of genetic diversity and hybridization processes within Crocodylus acutus and C. moreletii populations. Objetive: To evaluate genetic diversity and some phylogenetic relationships in wild and captive populations of C. acutus and C. moreletii using the Barcode of Life Data System (COX1, cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 gene). Methods: 28 individuals phenotypically like C. acutus located in the state of Guerrero, Oaxaca and Quintana Roo were sampled, as well as animals belonging to C. moreletii located in the states of Tabasco, Campeche, and Quintana Roo. 641 base pairs of nucleotide sequence from COX1 were used to obtain the haplotype and nucleotide diversity per population, and a phylogenetic and network analysis was performed. Results: Evidence of hybridization was found by observing C. moreletti haplotypes in animals phenotypically determined as C. acutus, as well as C. acutus haplotypes in animals classified as C. moreletti. Low haplotypic diversity was observed for C. acutus (0.455 ± 0.123) and for C. moreletii (0.505 ± 0.158). A phylogenetic tree was obtained in which the sequences of C. acutus and C. moreletii were grouped into two well-defined clades. Organisms identified phenotypically as C. acutus but with C. moreletii genes were separated into a different clade within the clade of C. moreletii. Conclusions: There are reproductive individuals with haplotypes different from those of the species. This study provides a small but significant advance in the genetic knowledge of both crocodile species and the use of mitochondrial markers, which in this case, the COX1 gene allowed the detection of hybrid organisms in wild and captive populations. Conservation efforts for both species of crocodiles should prevent the crossing of both threatened species and should require the genetic identification of pure populations, to design effective conservation strategies considering the possibility of natural hybridization in areas of sympatry.
Palabras clave: ADN mitocondrial; citocromo C oxidasa; diversidad haplotípica; diversidad de nucleótidos; hibridación, Sistema de código de barras de la vida.