bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needs and Perceptions of Patients With Dystonia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Framework Analysis of Survey Responses From Italy
Authors: Rispoli Vittorio , Díaz Crescitelli Matías Eduardo , Cavallieri Francesco , Antonelli Francesca , Meletti Stefano , Ghirotto Luca , Valzania Franco 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic and its countermeasures have created changes in both life and healthcare. With the prioritization of COVID-19-related management, the risks and experiences of patients suffering from rare conditions, such as dystonia, during the pandemic remain understudied.Materials and MethodsUsing a framework analysis of a nationwide qualitative online survey, we sought to explore the perspectives of patients with dystonia on their clinical assistance and possible unmet needs during the first pandemic wave. An online survey consisting of 37 items (such as demographic characteristics, dystonia-related features, neurological service provision, therapeutic relationship with the neurologist, perceptions related to virus infection, perceptions about healthcare-related needs, work-related questions, requesting information, and seeking support during the pandemic) was carried out using both close and open-ended questions.ResultsResponses from 62 participants were collected, with most of them from the red zones in Italy, where they were confined indoors. Social isolation was a relevant stressor. Motor and non-motor symptoms increased with detrimental consequences for patients' job and daily functionality. Outpatient clinics and rehabilitation sessions were temporarily shut down, and even telephone/mail support was sparse. Despite efforts, patients felt alone in dealing with dystonia.ConclusionThe first wave of the pandemic and its related restrictions had detrimental consequences for people living with dystonia, and their relevant needs remained unmet. These findings may contribute to implementing remedial healthcare provisions in this pandemic or in future pandemics.
APOEε4 Genotype Is Related to Brain Amyloid Among Mexican Americans in the HABS-HD Study
Authors: O'Bryant Sid E. , Petersen Melissa , Hall James , Johnson Leigh 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionDespite the fact that Hispanics are expected to experience the greatest increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRDs) by 2060, very little data is available regarding the fundamental biomarkers of AD among Mexican Americans who reflect the majority of Hispanics in the U.S. Here we sought to examine the link between APOEε4 genotype and brain amyloid among Mexican Americans as compared to non-Hispanic white participants from the Health &amp; Aging Brain Study – Health Disparities (HABS-HD) cohort.MethodsPET amyloid (florbetaben) data were analyzed from 105 Mexican American and 150 non-Hispanic white participants.ResultsAmong Mexican Americans, APOEε4 genotype presence was associated with Global SUVR (p = 0.003) as well as amyloid burden in the frontal (p &lt; 0.001), lateral parietal (p = 0.003), lateral temporal (p = 0.008) and anterior-posterior cingulate (p = 0.005) regions of interest (ROIs). Among non-Hispanic white participants, APOEε4 genotype presence was associated with Global SUVR (p &lt; 0.001) as well as amyloid burden in the frontal (p &lt; 0.001), lateral parietal (p &lt; 0.001), lateral temporal (p &lt; 0.001) and anterior-posterior cingulate (p &lt; 0.001) regions of interest (ROIs). The association between APOEε4 genotype and cerebral amyloid was strongest among non-Hispanic white participants.Discussion/ConclusionDespite the fact that the APOEε4 genotype is significantly less frequent among Mexican Americans, its presence remains to be a significant risk factor among this group for AD pathological burden across all regions. Additional work is needed to understand the presence, progression, and clinical impact of brain amyloid among Mexican Americans.
Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for the Early Diagnosis of Parkinson Disease in the Substantia Nigra and Globus Pallidus: A Meta-Analysis With Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Gu Wenbin , He Chen , Chen Juping , Li Junchen 
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to investigate the metabolic changes in globus pallidus (GP) and substantia nigra (SN) during the early stage of Parkinson disease (PD) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched till November 2018. Eligible trials comparing early metabolic changes in GP and SN in patients with PD vs. controls were included. The mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were estimated with either fixed- or random-effects models using Review Manager 5.3 software. Trial sequential analysis was performed using TSA 0.9.5.10 beta software. Finally, 16 studies were selected from the search. Overall, the N-acetyl aspartate-to-creatine ratio showed a significant difference between patients with early-stage PD and healthy controls. The overall heterogeneity was P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 94% in GP and P = 0.0002, I2 = 74% in SN. The results revealed that MRS could be a more sensitive imaging biomarker in the diagnosis of early-stage PD.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=125731, registration number: CRD42019125731.
Absolute Reliability of Gait Parameters Acquired With Markerless Motion Capture in Living Domains
Authors: Riazati Sherveen , McGuirk Theresa E. , Perry Elliott S. , Sihanath Wandasun B. , Patten Carolynn 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To examine the between-day absolute reliability of gait parameters acquired with Theia3D markerless motion capture for use in biomechanical and clinical settings.Methods: Twenty-one (7 M,14 F) participants aged between 18 and 73 years were recruited in community locations to perform two walking tasks: self-selected and fastest-comfortable walking speed. Participants walked along a designated walkway on two separate days.Joint angle kinematics for the hip, knee, and ankle, for all planes of motion, and spatiotemporal parameters were extracted to determine absolute reliability between-days. For kinematics, absolute reliability was examined using: full curve analysis [root mean square difference (RMSD)] and discrete point analysis at defined gait events using standard error of measurement (SEM). The absolute reliability of spatiotemporal parameters was also examined using SEM and SEM%.Results: Markerless motion capture produced low measurement error for kinematic full curve analysis with RMSDs ranging between 0.96° and 3.71° across all joints and planes for both walking tasks. Similarly, discrete point analysis within the gait cycle produced SEM values ranging between 0.91° and 3.25° for both sagittal and frontal plane angles of the hip, knee, and ankle. The highest measurement errors were observed in the transverse plane, with SEM &gt;5° for ankle and knee range of motion. For the majority of spatiotemporal parameters, markerless motion capture produced low SEM values and SEM% below 10%.Conclusion: Markerless motion capture using Theia3D offers reliable gait analysis suitable for biomechanical and clinical use.
Laterality and Sex Differences of Human Lateral Habenula Afferent and Efferent Fiber Tracts
Authors: Hitti Frederick L. , Parker Drew , Yang Andrew I. , Brem Steven , Verma Ragini 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe lateral habenula (LHb) is an epithalamic nucleus associated with negative valence and affective disorders. It receives input via the stria medullaris (SM) and sends output via the fasciculus retroflexus (FR). Here, we use tractography to reconstruct and characterize this pathway.MethodsMulti-shell human diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data was obtained from the human connectome project (HCP) (n = 20, 10 males) and from healthy controls (n = 10, 6 males) scanned at our institution. We generated LHb afferents and efferents using probabilistic tractography by selecting the pallidum as the seed region and the ventral tegmental area as the output target.ResultsWe were able to reconstruct the intended streamlines in all individuals from the HCP dataset and our dataset. Our technique also aided in identification of the LHb. In right-handed individuals, the streamlines were significantly more numerous in the left hemisphere (mean ratio 1.59 ± 0.09, p = 0.04). In left-handed individuals, there was no hemispheric asymmetry on average (mean ratio 1.00 ± 0.09, p = 1.0). Additionally, these streamlines were significantly more numerous in females than in males (619.9 ± 159.7 vs. 225.9 ± 66.03, p = 0.04).ConclusionWe developed a method to reconstruct the SM and FR without manual identification of the LHb. This technique enables targeting of these fiber tracts as well as the LHb. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that there are sex and hemispheric differences in streamline number. These findings may have therapeutic implications and warrant further investigation.
PRKCI Mediates Radiosensitivity via the Hedgehog/GLI1 Pathway in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Wu Zhuna , Huang Chunxian , Li Ruixin , Li Hui , Lu Huaiwu , Lin Zhongqiu 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveInsensitivity to radiotherapy accounts for the majority of therapeutic failures in cervical cancer (CC) patients who undergo radical radiotherapy. We aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying radiosensitivity to identify methods to improve the overall 5-year survival rate. The atypical protein kinase C iota (aPKCι) gene PRKCI exhibits tumor-specific copy number amplification (CNA) in CC. We investigated how PRKCI decreases radiosensitivity in CC and assessed the interplay between PRKCI and the Hedgehog (Hh)/GLI1 pathway in the present research.MethodsThe biological functions of PRKCI in CC radiosensitivity were explored through immunohistochemistry, colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), cell cycle, apoptosis assays, and xenograft models. qRT-PCR, Western blotting analysis, and immunofluorescence assays were utilized to evaluate the interplay between PRKCI and the Hh/GLI1 pathway and its mechanism in PRKCI-decreased radiosensitivity in CC. Furthermore, the effect of auranofin (AF), a selective inhibitor of PKCι, on CC cells was explored through biochemical assays in vitro and in vivo.ResultsWe found that high PRKCI expression was responsible for decreased survival in CC. PRKCI was intimately associated with radiation-triggered alterations in proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and xenograft growth. The Hh/GLI1 pathway was activated when PRKCI expression was altered. PRKCI functions downstream of the Hh/GLI1 pathway to phosphorylate and activate the transcription factor GLI1. AF acts as a radiosensitizer and showed biological effects in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsPRKCI is a therapeutic target for regulating radiosensitivity in CC. This molecule regulates radiosensitivity by modulating GLI1 relocalization and phosphorylation in CC via the Hh/GLI1 pathway.
Orelabrutinib Combined With Lenalidomide and Immunochemotherapy for Relapsed/Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Retrospective Analysis of Case Series
Authors: Yang Chuanwei , Cui Yong , Ren Xiaohui , Li Ming , Yu Kefu , Shen Shaoping , Jiang Haihui , Li Mingxiao , Zhang Xiaokang , Zhao Xuzhe , Zhu Qinghui , Lin Song 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRelapsed/refractory (r/r) primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an intractable situation without sound treatment. Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) represents an attractive drug target in PCNSL. Orelabrutinib is a new-generation BTK inhibitor with high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orelabrutinib-containing combination therapy in patients with r/r PCNSL.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed r/r PCNSL patients who received combination therapy with rituximab, high-dose methotrexate, temozolomide, orelabrutinib and lenalidomide, and further explored the relationship between the efficacy and genetic characteristics.ResultsA total of fifteen patients were included in this retrospective study. The overall response rate (ORR) was 86.7%, the complete remission (CR) rate was 73.3% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 93.3%. Among 13 responders, 9 patients are still receiving oral orelabrutinib and lenalidomide. The most common adverse event (AEs) was transaminase increase (66.7%). No grade 4 AE or drug-related death was reported. Genomic sequencing showed that patients who responded to orelabrutinib had abnormal NF-κB activation, while those who had no response were mainly enriched with transcriptional misregulation. Patients who had mutations in TLR, BCR, or NF-κB pathway achieved complete or partial response to the orelabrutinib-containing therapy. Moreover, the blood and cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) were closely associated with tumor recurrence and treatment response and sustained tumor responses correlated with the clearance of ctDNA.ConclusionOrelabrutinib-containing regimen was effective and well-tolerated in patients with r/r PCNSL. Genome sequencing of tumor samples could help to screen patients who may respond to the orelabrutinib-containing regimen, and liquid biopsy may contribute to tracing tumor burden and monitoring treatment response.
Episodic Memories Among Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Patients: An Important Aspect of the IBS Symptom Experience
Authors: Sayuk Gregory S. , North Carol S. , Pollio David E. , Gott Britt M. , Alpers David H. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:Some IBS patients possess detailed memories of the events surrounding their bowel symptom onset (“episodic memories”). In this exploratory study we sought to: (1) examine memory relationship with gastrointestinal (GI) symptom severity, extraintestinal symptoms, and mood; (2) qualitatively explore memory valence and content in IBS patients with or without episodic memories.MethodsReferral IBS patients n = 29; age 47.0± 2.2 years, 79.3% female) enrolled in this cross-sectional, mixed methods research study. Participants completed validated specific memory instruments [Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), Sentence Completion for Events from the Past Test (SCEPT)] and relevant questionnaires [IBS symptoms 10-cm visual analog scale); SF-36 Health-related quality of life (HRQOL); Perley-Guze and PHQ-15/12: somatization; Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories). Qualitative analysis examined the content and valence of general memories.Results14/29 (48.3%) of IBS subjects endorsed episodic memories of IBS symptom onset, often GI infections/enteritis (35.7%). Recall of the exact year (69%) and month (60%) of symptom onset were common. Episodic memories were associated with greater IBS symptom severity/bother, higher anxiety/depression, and poorer HRQOL. Though AMT and SCEPT memory specificity were not different based on episodic memories, overgeneralization to negatively-valenced cues in the AMT was associated with more severe IBS in those without episodic memory. Qualitative analysis revealed no observable differences in topic focus of IBS patients with and without episodic memories.ConclusionsIBS patients often endorse episodic memories associated with symptom onset, and this recall seems to associate with more severe symptoms. Overgeneralization responses to negative stimuli may lead to worse bowel symptoms in those without episodic memories. IBS memory specificity may associate with qualitative differences in processing psychosocial experiences and might be important to IBS pathophysiology.
Reference Values of Noninvasive Myocardial Work Indices Measured by Echocardiography in Healthy Children
Authors: Cui Cunying , Zheng Qiang , Li Yanan , Huang Danqing , Hu Yanbing , Wang Ying , Liu Rujie , Liu Lin , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroudNoninvasive myocardial work, estimated by left ventricular (LV) pressure-strain loop (PSL), has been introduced for assessing LV myocardial performance. Based on both blood pressure and speckle-tracking derived strain data, noninvasive myocardial work is considered to be less load-dependent than global longitudinal strain (GLS). In some conditions, such as hypertension or aortic coarctation, the increased afterload will affect strain measurements, and myocardial work can serve as a more robust metric.ObjectiveWe prospectively recruited healthy children to explore the relationship between myocardial work indices and body size parameters, and to determine the reference values of noninvasive myocardial work indices in healthy children.Methods183 healthy children (aged 1–18 years, males: 52.5%) were enrolled in the study. Global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), global work efficiency (GWE), were assessed by LVPSL and compared according to age and sex.ResultsThe mean for GWI was 1,448.7 ± 265.0 mm Hg%, 1,859.8 ± 290.7 mm Hg% for GCW, and the median (interquartile range) for GWW was 54.0 (33.0–82.0) mm Hg% and 97.0 (95.0–99.0) % for GWE. male had greater GWI and GCW) than female (1,572.5 ± 250.2 mm Hg% vs. 1,312.2 ± 208.7 mm Hg% and 1,944.3 ± 299.2 mm Hg% vs. 1,766.6 ± 251.5 mm Hg%, respectively, all P &lt; 0.001). GWI and GCW were significantly correlated with baseline parameters, including age, height, weight, BSA, body mass index, heart rate, and blood pressure. After indexed to BSA, GWI (BSA), GCW (BSA) remained significantly negatively correlated with age (P &lt; 0.001).Conclusionswe proposed the normal reference values and regression equations for GWI and GCW based on age and BSA in healthy children. This might provide a basis of reference for the evaluation of cardiac function in children with cardiopulmonary disease.
Challenges and Opportunities With Routinely Collected Data on the Utilization of Cancer Medicines. Perspectives From Health Authority Personnel Across 18 European Countries
Authors: Pisana Alice , Wettermark Björn , Kurdi Amanj , Tubic Biljana , Pontes Caridad , Zara Corinne , Van Ganse Eric , Petrova Guenka , Mardare Ileana , Fürst Jurij , Roig-Izquierdo Marta , Melien Oyvind , Bonanno Patricia Vella , Banzi Rita , Marković-Peković Vanda , Mitkova Zornitsa , Godman Brian 
Published: June 2022

Background: Rising expenditure for new cancer medicines is accelerating concerns that their costs will become unsustainable for universal healthcare access. Moreover, early market access of new oncology medicines lacking appropriate clinical evaluation generates uncertainty over their cost-effectiveness and increases expenditure for unknown health gain. Patient-level data can complement clinical trials and generate better evidence on the effectiveness, safety and outcomes of these new medicines in routine care. This can support policy decisions including funding. Consequently, there is a need for improving datasets for establishing real-world outcomes of newly launched oncology medicines.Aim: To outline the types of available datasets for collecting patient-level data for oncology among different European countries. Additionally, to highlight concerns regarding the use and availability of such data from a health authority perspective as well as possibilities for cross-national collaboration to improve data collection and inform decision-making.Methods: A mixed methods approach was undertaken through a cross-sectional questionnaire followed-up by a focus group discussion. Participants were selected by purposive sampling to represent stakeholders across different European countries and healthcare settings. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze quantifiable questions, whilst content analysis was employed for open-ended questions.Results: 25 respondents across 18 European countries provided their insights on the types of datasets collecting oncology data, including hospital records, cancer, prescription and medicine registers. The most available is expenditure data whilst data concerning effectiveness, safety and outcomes is less available, and there are concerns with data validity. A major constraint to data collection is the lack of comprehensive registries and limited data on effectiveness, safety and outcomes of new medicines. Data ownership limits data accessibility as well as possibilities for linkage, and data collection is time-consuming, necessitating dedicated staff and better systems to facilitate the process. Cross-national collaboration is challenging but the engagement of multiple stakeholders is a key step to reach common goals through research.Conclusion: This study acts as a starting point for future research on patient-level databases for oncology across Europe. Future recommendations will require continued engagement in research, building on current initiatives and involving multiple stakeholders to establish guidelines and commitments for transparency and data sharing.
Eastward Jet Lag is Associated with Impaired Performance and Game Outcome in the National Basketball Association
Authors: Leota Josh , Hoffman Daniel , Czeisler Mark É. , Mascaro Luis , Drummond Sean P.A. , Anderson Clare , Rajaratnam Shantha M.W. , Facer-Childs Elise R. 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Elite athletes are often required to travel across time zones for national and international competitions, causing frequent jet lag. The aim of this study was to examine whether the direction of travel-related jet lag is associated with performance in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and if so, to explore potential mechanisms.Methods: Ten seasons comprising of 11,481 games of NBA data from the 2011/2012 to the 2020/2021 regular season were analyzed using multi-level mixed models with one fixed factor (three levels; jet lag direction: eastward vs westward vs no jet lag) and three random factors (team, opponent, game time). Predicted circadian resynchronization rate was accounted for, and home and away games were analysed separately. Mediation analyses were performed to examine potential mechanisms.Results: Among home teams, eastward (but not westward) jet lag was associated with reduced winning (Δ (i.e., change) = −6.03%, p = 0.051, marginal), points differential (Δ = −1.29 points, p = 0.015), rebound differential (Δ = −1.29 rebounds, p &lt; 0.0001), and effective field goal percentage differential (Δ = −1.2%, p &lt; 0.01). As the magnitude of eastward jet lag increased, home team points differential decreased (2 h Δ = −4.53 points, p &lt; 0.05; 1 h Δ = −0.72 points, p = 0.07). No significant associations were found between jet lag and away team performance.Conclusion: Eastward jet lag was associated with impaired performance for home (but not away) teams. Sleep and circadian disruption associated with advancing phase following eastward travel may have significant adverse consequences on performance in the NBA, particularly when recovery time is limited. Sports organisations could consider chronobiology-informed scheduling and interventions to maximise recovery and performance of their athletes.