bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Point-of-Care Ultrasound Use by Recent Pediatric Emergency Medicine Fellowship Graduates
Authors: Lawson Simone L. , Breslin Kristen A. , Thomas-Mohtat Rosemary , Abo Alyssa M. , Cohen Joanna S. 
Published: January 2022

Objective
The aims of this study were to describe point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use by recent pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellowship graduates and identify associations between frequency and breadth of POCUS use with variations in POCUS training and current clinical practice environment.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional online survey of recent PEM fellowship graduates. Chi-square and nonparametric tests were used to compare POCUS use among physicians with varying types of POCUS training and varying clinical practice environments.

Results
Eighty-two percent of 143 respondents reported using POCUS in their past 10 shifts. There was no association between the methods of POCUS education and frequency or breadth of POCUS use. Pediatric emergency medicine fellowship graduates with additional POCUS fellowship training performed more scans and used more applications than those who completed a pediatrics or medicine-pediatrics residency before PEM fellowship only [median 15 (9, 20) vs 2 (1, 5) (P < 0.01) and median 11 (6.5, 13) vs 2 (1, 3) (P < 0.01), respectively]. Participants who worked in academic emergency departments performed more ultrasounds than those who did not [3.5 (1, 8) vs 1 (0, 2), P < 0.01] and used a greater breadth of applications [3 (1, 5) vs 1 (0, 3), P < 0.01]. Physicians who billed for POCUS studies were more likely to use POCUS (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–7.3) with greater frequency [5 (2.3, 10) vs 2 (0.8, 5), P < 0.01] and use a broader range of applications [3 (2,6) vs 2 (0.8, 3.3), P < 0.01].

Conclusion
Most respondents report recent POCUS use in practice. Point-of-care ultrasound fellowship training, working in an academic emergency department, and having the ability to bill were associated with increased POCUS use.
SERM: a self-consistent deep learning solution for rapid and accurate gene expression recovery
Authors: Islam Md Tauhidul , Wang Jen-Yeu , Ren Hongyi , Li Xiaomeng , Khuzani Masoud Badiei , Sang Shengtian , Yu Lequan , Shen Liyue , Zhao Wei , Xing Lei 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTSingle cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a promising technique to determine the states of individual cells and classify novel cell subtypes. Computationally, the processing of scRNA-seq data presents a daunting challenge because of the noisy nature and humongous size and dimensionality of the data. Compromised solution by omitting the genes with low expression is commonly taken in current scRNA-seq analysis, which leads to inaccurate gene counts. In this paper, we introduce a broadly applicable data-driven gene expression recovery framework, referred to as the self-consistent expression recovery machine (SERM), to impute the missing gene expression. Using deep learning, SERM first learns from a subset of the noisy gene expression data to estimate the underlying data distribution. SERM then recovers the overall gene expression data by imposing a self-consistency on the gene expression matrix, thus ensuring that the expression levels are similarly distributed in different parts of the matrix. We show that SERM significantly improves the accuracy of gene imputation with at least 100-fold increase in computational efficiency in comparison to the state-of-the-art techniques. Thus SERM promises to provide an urgently needed computational solution for rapid and accurate recovery of big genomic expression data. SERM is available as a web-based computational tool (https://www.analyxus.com/compute/serm) and its source codes can be found in https://github.com/xinglab-ai/self-consistent-expression-recovery-machine.
Leisure of the elderly Brazilian: the southeast in focus
Authors: Ungheri Bruno Ocelli , Santos Carla Augusta Nogueira Lima e , Venâncio Maria Aparecida Dias , Stoppa Edmur Antônio , Isayama Hélder Ferreira 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper is an excerpt from a countrywide study entitled “Leisure in Brazil: representations and realizations of daily experiences”, which aims to investigate what Brazilians do in their leisure time, what they would like to do and why they do not do it.Design/methodology/approachSpecifically, in this paper, the authors analyze data referring to the elderly population from southeastern Brazil. Sampling of the national survey comprised representative quotas of the population, considering region and state, and, in each state, quotas of sex, age, education level and family income, according to data obtained by IBGE in 2010. A total of 2,400 interviews were conducted in total. For the present study, the 91 interviews conducted with elderly subjects from the Southeast region of Brazil were considered.FindingsThe majority of participants understand leisure as a time for resting and fun and have physical/sports interests as their favorite leisure activity during the week. On weekends, social and tourism interests stand out, and idleness stands out in the preference of this public during the holiday period. Lack of time and financial resources are the main barriers to the access to and permanence in the desired leisure practices.Originality/valueHaving knowledge of the relationship between leisure and aging in Brazil is a way to contribute to the potential of this stage of life, based on the quality of life and continued learning provided by the content they enjoy.
Social media research trends in tourism city context
Authors: T.T. Trinh Ngo , L.A. Phuong Bui , T.H. Dung Pham , N. Tram Mai , K. Luan Bui 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has a massive impact on people’s lives, the wealth of nations, tourism cities, economic and social media. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to challenges and innovations to deal with multiple direct and indirect impacts. This research aims to explore the development of social media research in the tourism city context to highlight emerging research themes, methodological approaches.

Design/methodology/approach
This study searched and filtered on the Scopus Web and Web of Science to collect databases and applied hybrid methods. The VOSviewer algorithm was used in the paper to generate maps from bibliographic and text data. Furthermore, a polynomial trend line was used to depict the data fluctuations of papers in the relationship between documents and years. Besides, other mathematical and statistical tools to measure the inter-relationships and impacts of social media publications within the tourism city research area, identify valuable insights and determine a framework for social media research trends.

Findings
The study outcomes expressed the development in social media research trends from 2005 to 2021 in the tourism city context of topics (social media, social networking (online)), methodology (sentiment analysis), publication outputs with most extensive collaborations and some other contents to form a framework of social media research trends in tourism cities.

Research limitations/implications
Research data is mainly from reviews of articles that may not account for all trends in reality.

Practical implications
This research is original that will apply to future social media researchers and institutions.

Social implications
Policy makers could base on the research trends to examine their future tourism development orientation.

Originality/value
This research assists social media scholars in understanding trends and themes in tourism city contexts that they could apply in their business area. Moreover, there is a desire to comprehend an overview of the related literature of social media science in tourism city contexts. The outcomes showed the limitations of lacking journals and volume of social media research. The results contribute to meaningful insights by having a more holistic understanding of social media through aggregated data sources.
Penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates are uncommon in non‐clinical sources
Authors: Correa Fábio Ederson Lopes , Zanella Rosemeire Cobo , Cassiolato Ana Paula , Paiva Aline Dias , Okura Monica Hitomi , Conceição Natália , Oliveira Adriana Gonçalves 
Published: January 2022

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate whether penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible E. faecalis (PRASEF) isolates are disseminated in non‐clinical sources, and to compare the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of clinical and non‐clinical E. faecalis isolates. Non‐clinical samples (n = 280) were collected and 101 E. faecalis isolates were recovered from food (n = 18), faeces of healthy animals (n = 24), water (n = 28) and sewage (n = 31). PRASEF (n = 68) and penicillin‐susceptible, ampicillin‐susceptible E. faecalis (n = 77) isolates of clinical origin were also evaluated. A significant variety of AMR profiles was observed among non‐clinical isolates according to the source. No food isolate exhibited a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype different from those of isolates from animal faeces (50.0%) and sewage (38.7%). Overall, the MDR phenotype was more frequent among clinical (56.6%) than non‐clinical isolates (22.8%) (p < 0.01). Non‐clinical PRASEF isolates (n = 3) were only recovered from hospital sewage. Note that representative clinical and non‐clinical PRASEF isolates were grouped in pulsotype A, and belonged to CC9 (clonal complex). In conclusion, E. faecalis isolates exhibiting the unusual penicillin‐resistant but ampicillin‐susceptible phenotype appeared to be restricted to the hospital environment. Our findings highlight the ability of PRASEF isolates to survive in sewage, which could enable these hospital‐adapted lineages to spread to new ecological niches.
Bodyland
Authors: BAPTISTA JOÃO AFONSO 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe Angolan village of Cusseque, established during the country's civil war, lost its military purpose when the conflict ended in 2002. The village's neighbors assumed that Cusseque's remaining residents would leave; most stayed. They have since fought to legitimize their presence. Fieldwork with Cusseque residents helps illuminate why they assert their merging with the land—a merging that I call bodyland—through the agency of honeybees. These men and women exert a compelling body politics, one that is subject to the more‐than‐human agencies that dissolve the contours of the human. Moreover, Cusseque's residents contribute to anthropological discussions about human‐land relations by blending the question of the human with that of the land. They defy pervasive humanist regimes in which the legitimacy of human presence is dissociated from the interdependence between body and land. [human‐land relationship, legitimacy, transcorporeality, honey, honeybees, postwar, body politics, Angola]
CIBERER: Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative
Authors: Luque Juan , Mendes Ingrid , Gómez Beatriz , Morte Beatriz , López de Heredia Miguel , Herreras Enrique , Corrochano Virginia , Bueren Juan , Gallano Pía , Artuch Rafael , Fillat Cristina , Pérez‐Jurado Luis A. , Montoliu Lluis , Carracedo Ángel , Millán José M. , Webb Susan M. , Palau Francesc ,   The CIBERER Network, Lapunzina Pablo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low‐prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15‐year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research.
Re‐conceptualisation of school bullying from a children's rights' perspective: The illustrative case of the Cypriot educational context
Authors: Kaloyirou Chrystalla , Vong Sou Kuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSchool bullying is a matter of global concern. Paradoxically, it becomes complicated, when the expansion of a longer period of universal free education shows the commitment to safeguard children's right to education. This paper interrogates the ways in which school, as a significant site of socialisation, can safeguard children's rights, and function as a safe haven, free from bullying. Stemming from a children's rights perspective, this paper employs the Cypriot educational context as an illustrative case to demonstrate in what ways the problem of school bullying can be re‐conceptualised in the lens of human rights, and to address the challenges that emerge.
Getting the (right) message across: How to encourage citizens to report corruption
Authors: Peiffer Caryn , Walton Grant W 
Published: January 2022

SummaryMotivationAnti‐corruption campaigns often include an awareness‐raising component that stress the consequences of corruption. Indeed, governments and international donors have spent millions on promoting the evils of corruption. Experience suggests, however, that messages that highlight the prevalence of corruption may backfire by adding to the belief that corruption is normal.PurposeThe article examines the impacts of anti‐corruption messages on citizens' willingness to report corruption in Papua New Guinea (PNG).Methods and approachWe present findings from a survey‐experiment conducted with over 1,500 respondents in Port Moresby to understand how Papua New Guineans might respond to different messages about corruption and anti‐corruption. The messages tested emphasized the legal, moral, and communal aspects of corruption and anti‐corruption in PNG, as well as its ubiquity.FindingsRespondents were more likely to be favourable about reporting corruption when they were exposed to anti‐corruption messages that emphasized the impacts on their local kinship groups. Messages that emphasized that corruption is widespread, illegal or immoral did not affect respondents' willingness to do something about it.Policy implicationsFindings suggest that policymakers must be careful in framing anti‐corruption messages, which need to be carefully adapted to the local context and tested before they are deployed. Targeted campaigns can help motivate anti‐corruption action if messages focus on the impact of corruption on what matters most to citizens. In the case of PNG, anti‐corruption messages should emphasize how corruption has an impact on citizens' family and local community.
Thrombosis of native rheumatic mitral valve: A case report
Authors: Karnib Mohamad , Helmy Irfan , Annam Anthony , Zacharias Michael , Hoit Brian D 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpontaneous native mitral valve leaflet thrombosis is an exceedingly rare phenomenon. Here, we describe the case of a 71‐year‐old woman with rheumatic mitral stenosis who presented with cardiogenic shock. She was found to have a thrombus on her native mitral valve despite being on anticoagulation and without a clear associated hypercoagulable comorbidity. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement with favorable outcomes. This case sheds light on the inflammatory and prothrombotic nature of rheumatic valvular disease.
VIPoma: an unsuspecting culprit of severe secretory diarrhoea in a human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patient
Authors: Vemuri Kanthi R. , Balcerek Matthew I. , McGowan Tom E. , Love Amanda , Chapman Paul R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA 35‐year‐old man with known human immunodeficiency virus experienced chronic diarrhoea for 18 months. He presented to multiple hospitals with profuse secretory diarrhoea and life‐threatening electrolyte disturbances. Infectious and non‐infectious aetiologies were considered, with focussed history and investigations ultimately leading to a diagnosis of VIPoma. Initiation of somatostatin analogue therapy followed by surgical resection led to complete resolution of symptoms and markedly improved quality of life.
Unravelling the role of GntR on the regulation of alkane hydroxylase AlkB2 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1 based on transcriptome analysis
Authors: Pan Jincheng , Wei Fengdan , Liu Yani , Xu Yuanyuan , Ma Yanling 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Aims
The purpose of this study is to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the involvement of the gene alkB2 in alkane degradation.

Methods and Results
The changes of gene expression in the wild-type and alkB2 knockout strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DN1 were characterized based on transcriptional profiling, when grown in a medium containing eicosane (C20 n-alkane) as the sole carbon source. Compared to wild-type, approximately 7% of the genes in the knockout mutant was significantly differentially expressed, including 344 upregulated genes and 78 downregulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were potentially associated with degradation or physiological response to n-alkane, including genes encoding methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs), an outer membrane fatty acid transport protein (FadL), a membrane receptor protein (FptA), oprin and transcriptional regulators. Notably, the transcriptional regulator gene gntR (RS18845) located upstream of alkB2 (RS18850) was upregulated. The possible regulatory function of this transcriptional regulator on alkB2 was investigated using a gene knockout approach and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) combined with electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) experiments. The RT-qPCR results showed that in the gntR mutant, alkB2 expression was independent of the presence of eicosane, while its expression was significantly induced by the substrate when GntR was produced. Based on the EMSA analysis, the palindromic DNA motif 5′-ATTGTCAGACAAT-3′ was verified as being recognized by GntR, and two copies of GntR were able to bind this sequence. However, the interaction between GntR and DNA was altered in the presence of eicosane, suggesting that GntR could bind with eicosane to regulate the expression of alkB2.

Conclusion
These findings indicate that GntR plays a key role in the transcriptional regulation of alkB2, which affects the degradation of C20 n-alkane in P. aeruginosa DN1.

Significance and Impact of the Study
This report presents insights into the significance of GntR in the regulation of alkane degradation by alkB2, and increases our understanding of the complex regulatory network involved in alkane degradation.
Rhizosphere bacteria induce programmed cell death defence genes and signalling in chilli pepper
Authors: Syed-Ab-Rahman Sharifah Farhana , Arkhipov Alexander , Wass Taylor J. , Xiao Yawen , Carvalhais Lilia C. , Schenk Peer M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Aim
To understand how beneficial bacteria assist chilli plants (Capsicum annuum) in defence against biotrophic or hemibiotrophic pathogens.

Method and Results
We quantified marker genes of plant defence pathways in Phytophthora capsici-infected chilli pepper treated with anti-oomycete plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus velezensis and Acinetobacter sp. Plants displayed strong resistance, and the pathogen load in the roots was significantly lower in infected plants treated with bacterial biocontrol agents at all time points tested (1, 2 and 7 days after pathogen inoculation, p &lt; 0.05). Gene expression profiling revealed that P. capsici infection in the absence of beneficial bacteria led to the upregulation of a wide array of defence genes. The addition of biocontrol bacteria modulated defence by further enhancing genes involved in programmed cell death, such as CaLOX1, CaPAL1, CaChitIV and CaPTI1, while suppressing others CaLRR1, a negative regulator of cell death.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the bacteria exerted a combined effect by directly antagonizing the pathogen and enhancing the expression of key plant defence genes, including those involved in cell death, causing resistance at early stages of infection by this hemibiotrophic pathogen.
Constitutive and activated toxigenic activity ofHalomicronema metazoicum(Cyanoprokaryota, Cyanophyta)
Authors: Mutalipassi Mirko , Mazzella Valerio , Glaviano Francesca , Zupo Valerio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhormidium‐like cyanobacteria produce a variety of biologically active molecules. We isolated a free‐living strain ofHalomicronema metazoicum, previously known uniquely as a symbiont of marine sponges, and demonstrated that its spent medium was toxic for various protozoans and fish parasites. However, we still ignore if its mats contain constitutive or activated defences influencing the physiology of other organisms, with potential influences on organisms that share the same environment. The goal of this study is to clarify ifPhormidium‐like cyanobacteria accumulate toxic bioactive molecules in the colony tissues, for example for anti‐grazing purposes, or if they constitutively secrete them in the medium, with a potential allelopathic function. To address this hypothesis, the toxigenic power of cyanobacterial spent medium and of disintegrated cells (to simulate lysis) was assayed using standard toxicity‐tests on nauplii of the brine shrimpArtemia salina. Toxigenic effects were triggered by the spent culture medium, but the homogenates (disintegrated cyanobacteria cells) did not show any acute toxicity. In addition, chronic toxicity tests of the spent medium demonstrated a reduced but still present toxigenic effect, with an inverse correlation between toxicity and medium dilution. The present research contributes to the understanding of cyanobacteria chemical‐ecology and shows that they may play fundamental ecological roles, influencing the survival and the blooms of various co‐habiting species by constitutively releasing toxic exudates. Since the bioactive compounds produced byH. metazoicumare stable in water, and considering the bioactivity of exudates on invertebrates' physiology, our results might be exploited for the development of novel biotechnologies in the fields of aquaculture, ecological conservation and medicine, due to the potential antitumoral and anti‐parasitic activity demonstrated in strictly related species.