bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence, recurring admissions and mortality of severe bacterial infections and sepsis over a 22-year period in the population-based HUNT study
Authors: Liyanarachi Kristin Vardheim , Solligård Erik , Mohus Randi Marie , Åsvold Bjørn O. , Rogne Tormod , Damås Jan Kristian 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Severe bacterial infections are important causes of hospitalization and loss of health worldwide. In this study we aim to characterize the total burden, recurrence and severity of bacterial infections in the general population during a 22-year period.

Methods
We investigated hospitalizations due to bacterial infection from eight different foci in the prospective population-based Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study), where all inhabitants aged ≥ 20 in a Norwegian county were invited to participate. Enrollment was between 1995 and 1997, and between 2006 and 2008, and follow-up ended in February 2017. All hospitalizations, positive blood cultures, emigrations and deaths in the follow-up period were captured through registry linkage.

Results
A total of 79,393 (69.5% and 54.1% of the invited population) people were included, of which 42,237 (53%) were women and mean age was 48.5 years. There were 37,298 hospitalizations due to infection, affecting 15,496 (22% of all included) individuals. The median time of follow-up was 20 years (25th percentile 9.5–75th percentile 20.8). Pneumonia and urinary tract infections were the two dominating foci with incidence rates of 639 and 550 per 100,000 per year, respectively, and with increasing incidence with age. The proportion of recurring admissions ranged from 10.0% (central nervous system) to 30.0% (pneumonia), whilst the proportion with a positive blood culture ranged from 4.7% (skin- and soft tissue infection) to 40.9% (central nervous system). The 30-day mortality varied between 3.2% (skin- and soft tissue infection) and 20.8% (endocarditis).

Conclusions
In this population-based cohort, we observed a great variation in the incidence, positive blood culture rate, recurrence and mortality between common infectious diseases. These results may help guide policy to reduce the infectious disease burden in the population.
Binge alcohol drinking before pregnancy is closely associated with the development of macrosomia: Korean pregnancy registry cohort
Authors: Koo Seul , Kim Ji Yeon , Park Ji Hye , Roh Gu Seob , Lim Nam Kyoo , Park Hyun Young , Kim Won-Ho 
Published: July 2022

Background
Alcohol drinking during pregnancy has been well-known to cause the detrimental effects on fetal development; however, the adverse effects of pre-pregnancy drinking are largely unknown. We investigate whether alcohol drinking status before pregnancy is associated with the risk for macrosomia, an offspring’s adverse outcome, in a Korean pregnancy registry cohort (n = 4,542) enrolled between 2013 and 2017.

Methods
Binge drinking was defined as consuming ≥5 drinks on one occasion and ≥2 times a week, and a total 2,886 pregnant, included in the final statistical analysis, were divided into 3 groups: never, non-binge, and binge drinking.

Results
The prevalence of macrosomia was higher in binge drinking before pregnancy than those with never or non-binge drinking (7.5% vs. 3.2% or 2.9%, p = 0.002). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an independent association between macrosomia and prepregnancy binge drinking after adjusting for other confounders (adjusted odds ratio = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.08–4.86; p = 0.031). The model added binge drinking before pregnancy led to improvement of 10.6% (95% CI, 2.03–19.07; p = 0.0006) in discrimination from traditional risk prediction models.

Conclusion
Together, binge drinking before pregnancy might be an independent risk factor for developing macrosomia. Intensified intervention for drinking alcohol in women who are planning a pregnancy is important and may help prevent macrosomia.
GC-MS analysis of Vespa velutina auraria Smith and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro
Authors: Wang Qi , Zhou Si-Tong , Wu Xiu-Mei , Pang Xiu-Qin , Ni Lian-Li , Yuan Shi-Meng , Yang Zhi-Bin , Li Yue-Hua , Xiao Huai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Vespa velutina auraria Smith is an edible and medicinal insect in China. This study demonstrated the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities and the volatile composition identification determined by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity screening results showed that the ethanol extracts of both the fresh and dried samples exhibited an efficient antioxidant activity for three models, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt) free radicals scavenging capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The anti-inflammatory activity screening in vitro indicated that ethanol extracts had considerable inhibitory effect on Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in macrophages, but had no influence on IL-6 expression. GC-MS analyses of volatile composition of V. auraria identified 46 components, representing 75.76% of the total peak areas from fresh sample, and 34 components, 84.70% of the total peak areas from dried ones. The volatile constituents were very different in the petroleum ether part of fresh and dried ones. The three major components are hentriacontane (7.76%), n-hexadecanoic acid (6.54%), and palmitoleic acid (4.50%) in the fresh sample, while they are benzeneacetaldehyde (13.11%), dodecanoic acid (7.08%), and oleic Acid (6.72%) in the dried sample.
Development of writing abilities across languages and school-levels: Room descriptions produced in three languages at primary and secondary school
Authors: Egli Cuenat Mirjam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis partially longitudinal study focussed on the ability of pupils to write descriptive texts in English and French as foreign languages and German as language of schooling. The teaching of two foreign languages from primary school onwards is compulsory in Switzerland, where this study is situated. The study responds to the urgent need for empirical research on cross-linguistic and cross-level development as a foundation for the improvement of language teaching. Current curricula do provide for the coherent fostering of the plurilingual repertoires of learners, across languages and school levels. But this still stands in sharp contrast to the multiple compartmentalisations and discontinuities induced by the educational system. Letters with spatial descriptions were collected in a quasi-experimental design in the canton of St. Gallen at the end of primary school (Year 6, N=185) and in the first year of secondary school (Year 7, N=218). The texts were analysed in terms of spatial organisation and text length. Moderate but statistically significant correlations between languages were found for both variables. The analysis revealed continuity of the development in the foreign languages, but stagnation in the language of schooling. The benefits of fostering transversally accessible textual patterns through a genre-based approach, in particular for the second foreign language (L3), are discussed.
Der Werwolf in norddeutschen Sagen
Authors: Himstedt-Vaid Petra 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Die Darstellung des Werwolfs in norddeutschen Sagen basiert auf den größtenteils handschriftlichen Zetteln aus der Sammlung von Richard Wossidlo. Die in dem Zettelkasten „Werwolf“ versammelten Sagen spiegeln vor allem soziale Strukturen der ländlichen Gesellschaft des achtzehnten und neunzehnten Jahrhunderts in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern wider. Es geht insbesondere um das konfliktreiche Verhältnis von Gutsbesitzern und Bediensteten, aber auch um die Verwandlung von sozialen Außenseitern in einen Werwolf. Neben der sozialen Komponente kommen bei der Selbst- und Fremdverwandlung in die Wolfsgestalt Elemente des Volksglaubens und Zaubermittel zum Tragen.
A cost-effective and eco-friendly biosorption technology for complete removal of nickel ions from an aqueous solution: Optimization of process variables
Authors: El-Naggar Noura El-Ahmady , Hamouda Ragaa A. , Abuelmagd Muhammad A. , Alharbi Maha M. , Darwish Doaa Bahaa Eldin , Rabei Nashwa H. , Farfour Safinaz A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The enormous industrial usage of nickel during its manufacture and recycling has led to widespread environmental pollution. This study was designed to examine the ability of Gelidium amansii biomass to biosorb Ni2+ ions from an aqueous solution. Six independent variables, including contact time (1.0 and 3.0 h), pH (4 and 7), Ni2+ concentration (25 and 200 mg·L−1), temperature (25°C and 50°C), G. amansii biomass (1.0 and 4.0 g·L−1), and agitation mode (agitation or static), were investigated to detect the significance of each factor using a Plackett–Burman design. The analysis of variance for the Ni2+ biosorption percentage indicated that three independent variables (contact time, temperature, and agitation–static mode) exhibited a high level of significance in the Ni2+ biosorption process. Twenty experiments were conducted containing six axial, eight factorial, and six replicates points at center points. The resulting face-centered central composite design analysis data for the biosorption of Ni2+ exhibited a very large variation in the removal percentage of Ni2+, which ranged from 29.73 to 100.00%. The maximum Ni2+ biosorption percentage was achieved in the 16th run with an experimental percentage quantified as 100.00% under the experimental conditions of 3 h of incubation time and 45°C with 100 rpm for agitation speed.
Overcoming the curse of dimensionality in the numerical approximation of backward stochastic differential equations
Authors: Hutzenthaler Martin , Jentzen Arnulf , Kruse Thomas , Anh Nguyen Tuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) belong nowadays to the most frequently studied equations in stochastic analysis and computational stochastics. BSDEs in applications are often nonlinear and high-dimensional. In nearly all cases such nonlinear high-dimensional BSDEs cannot be solved explicitly and it has been and still is a very active topic of research to design and analyze numerical approximation methods to approximatively solve nonlinear high-dimensional BSDEs. Although there are a large number of research articles in the scientific literature which analyze numerical approximation methods for nonlinear BSDEs, until today there has been no numerical approximation method in the scientific literature which has been proven to overcome the curse of dimensionality in the numerical approximation of nonlinear BSDEs in the sense that the number of computational operations of the numerical approximation method to approximatively compute one sample path of the BSDE solution grows at most polynomially in both the reciprocal

1

/

ε

$ 1 / \varepsilon $

of the prescribed approximation accuracy

ε
∈
(
0
,
∞
)

$ \varepsilon \in(0, \infty) $

and the dimension

d
∈

N

=
{
1
,
2
,
3
,
…
}

$ d\in {\mathbb{N}}=\{1,2,3,\ldots\} $

of the BSDE. It is the key contribution of this article to overcome this obstacle by introducing a new Monte Carlo-type numerical approximation method for high-dimensional BSDEs and by proving that this Monte Carlo-type numerical approximation method does indeed overcome the curse of dimensionality in the approximative computation of solution paths of BSDEs.
Unbounded oscillation criteria for fourth order neutral differential equations of non-canonical type
Authors: Mohanta Rashmi Rekha , Tripathy Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, sufficient conditions are established for oscillation of all unbounded solutions of a class of fourth order neutral differential equations of the form(r(t)(y(t)+p(t)y(t−τ))″)″+q(t)G(y(t−α))−h(t)H(y(t−σ))=0$$\begin{array}{}\displaystyle (r(t)(y(t)+p(t)y(t-\tau))'')''+q(t)G(y(t-\alpha))-h(t)H(y(t-\sigma)) = 0\end{array} $$under the non-canonical type assumption∫0∞tr(t)dt<∞$$\begin{array}{}\displaystyle \int\limits_{0}^{\infty}\frac{t}{r(t)}{\rm d} t \lt \infty\end{array} $$for various ranges ofp(t) with ∣p(t)∣ < ∞.
Contemporary review on carbon nanotube (CNT) composites and their impact on multifarious applications
Authors: Choudhary Megha , Sharma Aaruni , Aravind Raj S. , Sultan Mohamed Thariq Hameed , Hui David , Shah Ain Umaira Md 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since their discovery in 1991, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have found widespread use in various industries, from aerospace to energy, due to their excellent mechanical, thermal, electrical, and tribological properties. Their lightweight nature, small size, incredible tensile strength, and conductivity have made them very popular as reinforcements in metals, polymers, and even finding employment in additive manufacturing. In this review, we provide a rundown of these structures and discuss in detail the numerous methods used to process CNT-reinforced materials, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), ball milling, hot pressing, and selective laser melting. The limitations of manufacturing and processing these composites are also discussed, strengthened by the support of different published works. To understand the changes in the properties of these composites in terms of varying parameters such as temperature, CNT length, diameter, etc., an extensive summary is provided, describing several techniques to perform experimental analysis and giving plausible reasons for attributing these changes. Consequently, we explore the specific areas of applications for these CNT-reinforced composites in fields such as aerospace, energy, biomedical, and automobile, and how they can be further processed and changed to allow for more affordable and efficient solutions in the future.
Breather wave and double-periodic soliton solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota–Satsuma–Ito equation
Authors: Zhang Yun-Xia , Xiao Li-Na 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota–Satsuma–Ito equation realized to represent the propagation of unidirectional shallow water waves is investigated. We first study the breather wave solutions based on the three-wave method and the bilinear form. Second, the double-periodic soliton solutions are obtained via an undetermined coefficient method, which have not been seen in other literature. We present some illustrative figures to discuss the dynamic properties of the derived waves.
Cryo‐EM reveals mechanisms of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme allostery and dimerization
Authors: Lubbe Lizelle , Sewell Bryan Trevor , Woodward Jeremy D , Sturrock Edward D 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHypertension (high blood pressure) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. The somatic isoform of angiotensin I‐converting enzyme (sACE) plays a critical role in blood pressure regulation, and ACE inhibitors are thus widely used to treat hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Our current understanding of sACE structure, dynamics, function, and inhibition has been limited because truncated, minimally glycosylated forms of sACE are typically used for X‐ray crystallography and molecular dynamics simulations. Here, we report the first cryo‐EM structures of full‐length, glycosylated, soluble sACE (sACES1211). Both monomeric and dimeric forms of the highly flexible apo enzyme were reconstructed from a single dataset. The N‐ and C‐terminal domains of monomeric sACES1211 were resolved at 3.7 and 4.1 Å, respectively, while the interacting N‐terminal domains responsible for dimer formation were resolved at 3.8 Å. Mechanisms are proposed for intradomain hinging, cooperativity, and homodimerization. Furthermore, the observation that both domains were in the open conformation has implications for the design of sACE modulators.
Numerical investigation of heat transfer characteristics for blood/water-based hybrid nanofluids in free convection about a circular cylinder
Authors: Alwawi Firas , Swalmeh Mohammed , Sulaiman Ibrahim , Yaseen Nusayba , Alkasasbeh Hamzeh , Al Soub Tarik 
Published: July 2022

This paper investigates hybrid nanofluids flowing around a circular cylinder of free convection under the constant surface heat flux. Nanoparticles of copper oxides, Gold, and Aluminum (CuO, Au, Al) are considered to support the heat transfer performance of blood/water-based hybrid nanofluids. The governing model for hybrid nanofluids which is in form of non-linear partial differential equations (PDEs) are first transformed to a more convenient form by similarity transformation approach then approximated numerically by the Keller box method. Several comparatives are performed in this work resulting in the superiority of the hybrid-nanofluid over regular nanofluid in terms of heat transfer rate, velocity, and local skin friction coefficient. Findings confirmed that the surface temperature and temperature field are augmented, with increasing volume fraction for nanoparticles. Also, Gold nanoparticles give a higher result for all examined physical properties than Aluminum and copper oxides nanoparticles.
The link between EU households' digitalization and growth factors. What does data (not) reveal?
Authors: Kutasi Gábor , Czeczeli Vivien , Várpalotai Viktor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Households supply the workforce for the modern economy, increasingly based on information and communication technology (IT). The access of households to e-devices and e-channels has been continuously growing in the last two decades. The aim of the study is to reflect these theoretical concepts with data-based, econometric causality analysis. Specifically, this study investigates whether the digitalization of households is a factor in their macroeconomic and behavioural indicators. In other words, does households' access to digital devices and channels determine rates of employment, productivity (TFP), level of savings, disposable income, per capita GDP or the growth ratio of GDP, and even such institutional indicators as political stability? The methodology employed is panel Granger causality analysis and Dumitrescu-Hurlin test, and the regional scope is the EU. Causality is tested between the households' digitalization and their macroeconomic, consumer behaviour or institutional indicators using panel Granger causality tests.
Semiconductor spintronics with Co2-Heusler compounds
Authors: Hamaya Kohei , Yamada Michihiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFerromagnetic Co2-Heusler compounds showing high spin polarization have been utilized as spin injectors and detectors for III–V and Group-IV semiconductors. In this article, we first describe the progress in the crystal growth of Co2-Heusler films on GaAs(001) and Ge(111) by low-temperature molecular beam epitaxy. Next, some examples of electrical spin injection from Co2-Heusler contacts into GaAs and Ge through Schottky-tunnel barriers are introduced. Thanks to those efforts, it was found that Co2-Heusler compounds are useful for the realization of spin injection, transport, and detection in GaAs and Ge at room temperature. However, to achieve highly efficient spin transport, it is very important to suppress the interfacial out-diffusion of GaAs or Ge into the Co2-Heusler layer near the heterojunction. Recent progress in high-quality Co2-Heusler/Ge heterojunctions has demonstrated two-terminal magnetoresistance ratios of more than 0.1% at room temperature even for semiconductor spintronic device structures. The approach using Co2-Heusler compounds provides a powerful solution to the need for simultaneous achievement of highly efficient spin injection and low electric power at the source and drain contacts in semiconductor devices such as a spin MOSFET.
Graphical abstract
Clinical Case of Drug Allergy to Enzyme Replacement Therapy in a Patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II
Authors: Levina Julia G. , Vashakmadze Nato D. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Vishneva Elena A. , Karaseva Mariya S. , Zhurkova Natalia V. , Efendieva Kamilla E. , Alekseeva Anna A. , Kalugina Vera G. , Zaz’yan Artur V. 
Published: July 2022

Background. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with iduronate-2-sulfatase recombinant forms (idursulfase and idursulfase beta) is effective for the management of mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II). Patients with Hunter syndrome require lifelong ERT that can negate endogenous enzyme deficiency. However, hypersensitivity reactions may occur during ERT, and they significantly complicate the implementation of vital therapy.Clinical case description. This article describes clinical case of a child with hypersensitivity reaction to ERT. The patient with confirmed diagnosis of MPS II was administrated with idursulfase. Then, the drug was replaced with idursulfase beta due to the allergic reaction. Thus, even after the drug change, side effects maintained without sustained improvement with underlying glucocorticosteroids (GCS), antihistamines and with decreased infusion rate. Concerning the vital need to continue ERT, this patient with drug allergy to this pharmacotherapeutic group was further administered with combined therapy of cyclosporine and omalizumab. Personalised protocol for the administration of idursulfase beta with desensitization was developed. Such experience was firstly described In Russian patient.Conclusion. The presented personalised combination therapy made it possible to prevent hypersensitivity reactions during ERT in the patient with MPS II.
Clinical Cases: Diagnostic Errors of Mastocytosis Cutaneous Forms in Children
Authors: Aslamazyan Lianna K. , Efendieva Kamilla E. , Alekseeva Anna A. , Levina Julia G. , Pankova Alina R. 
Published: July 2022

Background. Mastocytosis refers to the group of rare diseases with pathological mast cells accumulation in tissues. Although diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis is not usually difficult for experienced physicians, misdiagnosis is possible.Clinical cases description. The authors describe two clinical cases of patients with mastocytosis cutaneous form, observed due to the skin rashes and without any correctly established diagnosis.Conclusion. Patients with mastocytosis require specific living conditions and regular dynamic monitoring to prevent disease progression and complications development.
Improving Depression Screening in Primary Care
Authors: Lindsay Marlene , Decker Veronica B. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDepression is a serious problem in the United States. It not only impacts chronic illness and healthcare utilization, but it can also result in death, intentional or unintentional. Despite the seriousness associated with depression, it continues to be underdiagnosed and undertreated. The primary care setting provides an ideal location to screen and initiate treatment for depression in individuals who would otherwise not be screened.ObjectiveThe objective of this evidence-based practice project was to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression in an adult primary care office.MethodAn intervention consisting of a HealthWatcher reminder for depression screening, the administration of the PHQ-9 instrument, and a treatment algorithm was incorporated into the office workflow. The charts of a pre-intervention random sample were compared to a post-intervention random sample to test for significant differences in depression screening and treatment rates.ResultsUsing the chi-squared test, the post-intervention sample screening rate was significantly higher than pre-intervention sample rate (90% vs 23.3%; χ2= 54.3,df= 1,P< .000).Conclusion/ImplicationsIt is feasible to improve the diagnosis and treatment of depression for adult primary care patients by modifying office protocols and using the PHQ-9 screening instrument and a treatment algorithm.