bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel tablet-based application for assessment of manual dexterity and its components: a reliability and validity study in healthy subjects
Authors: Rabah Ayah , Le Boterff Quentin , Carment Loïc , Bendjemaa Narjes , Térémetz Maxime , Dupin Lucile , Cuenca Macarena , Mas Jean-Louis , Krebs Marie-Odile , Maier Marc A. , Lindberg Påvel G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
We developed five tablet-based tasks (applications) to measure multiple components of manual dexterity. Aim: to test reliability and validity of tablet-based dexterity measures in healthy participants.

Methods
Tasks included: (1) Finger recognition to assess mental rotation capacity. The subject taps with the finger indicated on a virtual hand in three orientations (reaction time, correct trials). (2) Rhythm tapping to evaluate timing of finger movements performed with, and subsequently without, an auditory cue (inter-stimulus interval). (3) Multi-finger tapping to assess independent finger movements (reaction time, correct trials, unwanted finger movements). (4) Sequence tapping to assess production and memorization of visually cued finger sequences (successful taps). (5) Line-tracking to assess movement speed and accuracy while tracking an unpredictably moving line on the screen with the fingertip (duration, error). To study inter-rater reliability, 34 healthy subjects (mean age 35 years) performed the tablet tasks twice with two raters. Relative reliability (Intra-class correlation, ICC) and absolute reliability (Standard error of measurement, SEM) were established. Task validity was evaluated in 54 healthy subjects (mean age 49 years, range: 20–78 years) by correlating tablet measures with age, clinical dexterity assessments (time taken to pick-up objects in Box and Block Test, BBT and Moberg Pick Up Test, MPUT) and with measures obtained using a finger force-sensor device.

Results
Most timing measures showed excellent reliability. Poor to excellent reliability was found for correct trials across tasks, and reliability was poor for unwanted movements. Inter-session learning occurred in some measures. Age correlated with slower and more variable reaction times in finger recognition, less correct trials in multi-finger tapping, and slower line-tracking. Reaction times correlated with those obtained using a finger force-sensor device. No significant correlations between tablet measures and BBT or MPUT were found. Inter-task correlation among tablet-derived measures was weak.

Conclusions
Most tablet-based dexterity measures showed good-to-excellent reliability (ICC ≥ 0.60) except for unwanted movements during multi-finger tapping. Age-related decline in performance and association with finger force-sensor measures support validity of tablet measures. Tablet-based components of dexterity complement conventional clinical dexterity assessments. Future work is required to establish measurement properties in patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders.
Nasal pressure swings as the measure of inspiratory effort in spontaneously breathing patients with de novo acute respiratory failure
Authors: Tonelli Roberto , Cortegiani Andrea , Marchioni Alessandro , Fantini Riccardo , Tabbì Luca , Castaniere Ivana , Biagioni Emanuela , Busani Stefano , Nani Chiara , Cerbone Caterina , Vermi Morgana , Gozzi Filippo , Bruzzi Giulia , Manicardi Linda , Pellegrino Maria Rosaria , Beghè Bianca , Girardis Massimo , Pelosi Paolo , Gregoretti Cesare , Ball Lorenzo , Clini Enrico 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Excessive inspiratory effort could translate into self-inflicted lung injury, thus worsening clinical outcomes of spontaneously breathing patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF). Although esophageal manometry is a reliable method to estimate the magnitude of inspiratory effort, procedural issues significantly limit its use in daily clinical practice. The aim of this study is to describe the correlation between esophageal pressure swings (ΔPes) and nasal (ΔPnos) as a potential measure of inspiratory effort in spontaneously breathing patients with de novo ARF.

Methods
From January 1, 2021, to September 1, 2021, 61 consecutive patients with ARF (83.6% related to COVID-19) admitted to the Respiratory Intensive Care Unit (RICU) of the University Hospital of Modena (Italy) and candidate to escalation of non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) were enrolled. Clinical features and tidal changes in esophageal and nasal pressure were recorded on admission and 24 h after starting NRS. Correlation between ΔPes and ΔPnos served as primary outcome. The effect of ΔPnos measurements on respiratory rate and ΔPes was also assessed.

Results
ΔPes and ΔPnos were strongly correlated at admission (R2 = 0.88, p < 0.001) and 24 h apart (R2 = 0.94, p < 0.001). The nasal plug insertion and the mouth closure required for ΔPnos measurement did not result in significant change of respiratory rate and ΔPes. The correlation between measures at 24 h remained significant even after splitting the study population according to the type of NRS (high-flow nasal cannulas [R2 = 0.79, p < 0.001] or non-invasive ventilation [R2 = 0.95, p < 0.001]).

Conclusions
In a cohort of patients with ARF, nasal pressure swings did not alter respiratory mechanics in the short term and were highly correlated with esophageal pressure swings during spontaneous tidal breathing. ΔPnos might warrant further investigation as a measure of inspiratory effort in patients with ARF.
Trial registration: NCT03826797. Registered October 2016.
Effect of different recovery modes during resistance training with blood flow restriction on hormonal levels and performance in young men: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fekri-Kourabbaslou Vahid , Shams Sara , Amani-Shalamzari Sadegh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) results in hypertrophy, and its magnitude depends on various training variables. This study aimed to compare the long-term effect of passive recovery (PR) and active recovery (AR) during low-intensity resistance training with BFR on hormonal levels and performance in young men.

Methods
In the randomized clinical trial, 20 men were randomly divided into PR and AR groups during resistance training with BFR. The intervention consisted of six upper and lower body movements with 30% of one maximum repetition (1RM), three sessions per week for six weeks. Both groups wore pneumatic cuffs on the proximal part of thighs and arms. The cuff pressure was 60% of the calculated arterial blood occlusion and increased 10% every two weeks. The AR group performed seven repetitions in 30 s break between sets by one second for concentric and eccentric phases and two seconds rest, and the other group had passive rest. The blood samples and a series of performance tests were gathered before and after the intervention. A repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze data.

Results
AR and PR interventions significantly improved the C-reactive protein (CRP) (− 38% vs. − 40%), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (− 11% vs. − 3%), Sargent jump (9% vs. 10%), peak power (20% vs.18%), and average power (14% vs. 14%), upper 1RM (8% vs. 8%) and no significant differences were observed between groups. The AR intervention significantly increased growth hormone (GH) (423% vs. 151%, p = 0.03), lower body 1RM (18% vs. 11%) and muscle endurance (34% vs. 22% for the upper body, p = 0.02 and 32% vs. 24% for the lower body, p = 0.04) than the PR group. The PR intervention further increased the minimum power than the AR group (19% vs. 10%). There were no significant changes in testosterone (p = 0.79) and cortisol (p = 0.34) following interventions.

Conclusion
The findings indicated that by increasing muscle activation and higher metabolic load, AR during resistance training with BFR might cause more remarkable improvements in serum GH, muscle strength, and endurance. Thus, to gain further benefits, AR during training with BFR is recommended.
Trial registration: IRCT20191207045644N1. Registration date: 14/03/2020. URL: https://www.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20191207045644N1
An automatic modulation classification network for IoT terminal spectrum monitoring under zero-sample situations
Authors: Zhou Quan , Zhang Ronghui , Zhang Fangpei , Jing Xiaojun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRely on powerful computing resources, a large number of internet of things (IoT) sensors are placed in various locations to sense the environment we live. However, the proliferation of IoT devices has led to the misuse of spectrum resources, and many IoT devices occupy the frequency band without permission. As a consequence, the spectrum regulation has become an essential part of the development of IoT. Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is a task in spectrum monitoring, which senses the electromagnetic space and is carried out under non-cooperative communication. Generally, deep learning (DL)-based methods are data-driven and require large amounts of training data. In fact, under some non-cooperative communication scenarios, it is challenging to collect the wireless signal data directly. How can the DL-based algorithm complete the inference task under zero-sample conditions? In this paper, a signal zero-shot learning network (SigZSLNet) is proposed for AMC under the zero-sample situations. The semantic descriptions and the corresponding semantic vectors are designed to generate the feature vectors of the modulated signals. The generated feature vectors act as the training data of zero-sample classes. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed SigZSLNet. The accuracy of one unseen class and two unseen classes exceeds 90% and 76%, respectively. Simultaneously, we show the generated feature vectors and the intermediate layer output of the model.
Matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies for third-line or later treatment of relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma: lisocabtagene maraleucel versus tisagenlecleucel
Authors: Cartron Guillaume , Fox Christopher P. , Liu Fei Fei , Kostic Ana , Hasskarl Jens , Li Daniel , Bonner Ashley , Zhang Yixie , Maloney David G. , Kuruvilla John 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
There are no head-to-head clinical studies comparing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies for the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive large B-cell lymphomas. Naive, indirect comparisons may be inappropriate, as the study designs and patient populations could differ substantially. Matching-adjusted indirect comparisons (MAIC) can reduce many biases associated with indirect comparisons between studies. To determine the comparative efficacy and safety of lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) to tisagenlecleucel, we describe an unanchored MAIC of the pivotal studies TRANSCEND NHL 001 (TRANSCEND; NCT02631044; liso-cel) and JULIET (NCT02445248; tisagenlecleucel).

Methods
Individual patient data (IPD) from TRANSCEND were available to the authors; for the JULIET pivotal study, summary-level data from the published study were used. To balance the populations between two studies, IPD from TRANSCEND were adjusted to match the marginal distribution (e.g., mean, variance) of clinical factors among patients from JULIET.

Results
Results from the primary MAIC showed liso-cel had statistically significant greater efficacy than tisagenlecleucel (objective response rate: odds ratio [OR] = 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63‒4.74; complete response rate: OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.22‒3.30; progression-free survival: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47‒0.91; overall survival: HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47‒0.95). MAIC of safety outcomes showed lower ORs for all-grade and grade ≥ 3 cytokine release syndrome, and grade ≥ 3 prolonged cytopenia for liso-cel when compared with tisagenlecleucel; there were no statistically significant differences detected for other safety outcomes.

Conclusions
Overall, this MAIC of two CAR T-cell therapies indicates liso-cel had favorable efficacy and a comparable or better safety profile relative to tisagenlecleucel.
Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02631044 and NCT02445248.
Machine learning-assisted identification of bioindicators predicts medium-chain carboxylate production performance of an anaerobic mixed culture
Authors: Liu Bin , Sträuber Heike , Saraiva João , Harms Hauke , Silva Sandra Godinho , Kasmanas Jonas Coelho , Kleinsteuber Sabine , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe ability to quantitatively predict ecophysiological functions of microbial communities provides an important step to engineer microbiota for desired functions related to specific biochemical conversions. Here, we present the quantitative prediction of medium-chain carboxylate production in two continuous anaerobic bioreactors from 16S rRNA gene dynamics in enriched communities.ResultsBy progressively shortening the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 8 to 2 days with different temporal schemes in two bioreactors operated for 211 days, we achieved higher productivities and yields of the target productsn-caproate andn-caprylate. The datasets generated from each bioreactor were applied independently for training and testing machine learning algorithms using 16S rRNA genes to predictn-caproate andn-caprylate productivities. Our dataset consisted of 14 and 40 samples from HRT of 8 and 2 days, respectively. Because of the size and balance of our dataset, we compared linear regression, support vector machine and random forest regression algorithms using the original and balanced datasets generated using synthetic minority oversampling. Further, we performed cross-validation to estimate model stability. The random forest regression was the best algorithm producing more consistent results with median of error rates below 8%. More than 90% accuracy in the prediction ofn-caproate andn-caprylate productivities was achieved. Four inferred bioindicators belonging to the generaOlsenella,Lactobacillus,SyntrophococcusandClostridiumIV suggest their relevance to the higher carboxylate productivity at shorter HRT. The recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes of these bioindicators confirmed their genetic potential to perform key steps of medium-chain carboxylate production.ConclusionsShortening the hydraulic retention time of the continuous bioreactor systems allows to shape the communities with desired chain elongation functions. Using machine learning, we demonstrated that 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data can be used to predict bioreactor process performance quantitatively and accurately. Characterizing and harnessing bioindicators holds promise to manage reactor microbiota towards selection of the target processes. Our mathematical framework is transferrable to other ecosystem processes and microbial systems where community dynamics is linked to key functions. The general methodology used here can be adapted to data types of other functional categories such as genes, transcripts, proteins or metabolites.
Prevention of gestational diabetes in pregnant women with obesity: protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Quotah Ola F. , Nishku Glen , Hunt Jessamine , Seed Paul T. , Gill Carolyn , Brockbank Anna , Fafowora Omoyele , Vasiloudi Ilektra , Olusoga Opeoluwa , Cheek Ellie , Phillips Jannelle , Nowak Katarzyna G. , Poston Lucilla , White Sara L. , Flynn Angela C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Obesity in pregnancy increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and associated adverse outcomes. Despite metabolic differences, all pregnant women with obesity are considered to have the same risk of developing GDM. Improved risk stratification is required to enable targeted intervention in women with obesity who would benefit the most. The aim of this study is to identify pregnant women with obesity at higher risk of developing GDM and, in a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT), test feasibility and assess the efficacy of a lifestyle intervention and/or metformin to improve glycaemic control.

Methods
Women aged 18 years or older with a singleton pregnancy and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30kg/m2 will be recruited from one maternity unit in London, UK. The risk of GDM will be assessed using a multivariable GDM prediction model combining maternal age, mid-arm circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides and HbA1c. Women identified at a higher risk of developing GDM will be randomly allocated to one of two intervention groups (lifestyle advice with or without metformin) or standard antenatal care. The primary feasibility outcomes are study recruitment, retention rate and intervention adherence and to collect information needed for the sample size calculation for the definitive trial. A process evaluation will assess the acceptability of study processes and procedures to women. Secondary patient-centred outcomes include a reduction in mean glucose/24h of 0.5mmol/l as assessed by continuous glucose monitoring and changes in a targeted maternal metabolome, dietary intake and physical activity. A sample of 60 high-risk women is required.

Discussion
Early risk stratification of GDM in pregnant women with obesity and targeted intervention using lifestyle advice with or without metformin could improve glucose tolerance compared to standard antenatal care. The results from this feasibility study will inform a larger adequately powered RCT should the intervention show trends for potential effectiveness.

Trial registration
This study has been approved by the NHS Research Ethics Committee (UK IRAS integrated research application system; reference 18/LO/1500). EudraCT number 2018-000003-16.
Strawberry vein banding virus-based vector for transient overexpression in strawberry plants
Authors: Yang Xianchu , Zhao Qingqing , Jiang Xizi , Wang Zhanqi , Liang Jingang , Jiang Lei , Jiang Tong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStrawberry vein banding virus (SVBV) is a double-stranded DNA virus. In our previous studies, we generated an infectious clone of SVBV, pSVBV, which causes light-green vein banding symptoms along the leaf veins in strawberry plants (Fragaria vesca). In this study, we constructed pSVBV-P1-MCS and pSVBV-P4-MCS, two recombinant virus vectors containing a multiple cloning site (MCS) downstream of the SVBV-encoded movement protein gene (P1) and coat protein gene (P4), respectively. At 35 days post-inoculation, the two SVBV-based vectors could produce light-green vein banding symptoms on the systemic leaves of strawberry plants, indicating that they could successfully cause infection. Furthermore, the infectivity rates of the recombinant virus vectors pSVBV-P1-MCS and pSVBV-P4-MCS were similar to that of the wild-type infectious clone pSVBV, indicating that the insertion of MCS did not affect the infectivity of SVBV-based vectors. Additionally, we engineered SVBV as a transient overexpression vector, which could be used for the overexpression of exogenous green fluorescent protein in strawberry plants. Collectively, these SVBV-based vectors provide a new approach for the analysis of gene functions in strawberry plants.
Two-photon MINFLUX with doubled localization precision
Authors: Zhao Kun , Xu Xinzhu , Ren Wei , Jin Dayong , Xi Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAchieving localization with molecular precision has been of great interest for extending fluorescence microscopy to nanoscopy. MINFLUX pioneers this transition through point spread function (PSF) engineering, yet its performance is primarily limited by the signal-to-background ratio. Here we demonstrate theoretically that two-photon MINFLUX (2p-MINFLUX) could double its localization precision through PSF engineering by nonlinear effect. Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) is studied as the maximum localization precision, and CRB of two-photon MINFLUX is halved compared to single-photon MINFLUX (1p-MINFLUX) in all three dimensions. Meanwhile, in order to achieve same localization precision with 1p-MINFLUX, 2p-MINFLUX requires only 1/4 of fluorescence photons. Exploiting simultaneous two-photon excitation of multiple fluorophore species, 2p-MINFLUX may have the potential for registration-free nanoscopy and multicolor tracking.
SWARA-CoCoSo method-based parametric optimization of green dry milling processes
Authors: Das Partha Protim , Chakraborty Shankar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAttaining green environment for various machining processes has now caught the attention of many manufacturing industries. The input parameters involved in those machining processes are mainly responsible for achieving the desired performance as they are directly related to the process outputs. Hence, proper selection of the input process parameters becomes vital for having sustainable machining environment. In this paper, an integrated application of step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) and combined compromise solution (CoCoSo) methods is presented to identify the optimal parametric combinations of two green dry milling processes. In the first example, cutting speed, depth of cut, feed rate and nose radius are treated as the input parameters, while power factor, electric consumption and surface roughness are the responses. On the other hand, in the second example, cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut and width of cut, and surface roughness, active cutting energy and material removal rate are respectively considered as the input parameters and responses. Instead of considering equal weights, SWARA method assigns relative subjective importance to the responses based on the preference set by the decision-makers, while CoCoSo ranks the experimental trials from the best to the worst. The derived optimal parametric settings are finally analyzed using the developed regression equations. It is observed that SWARA-CoCoSo method outperforms the other popular optimization techniques in identifying the best parametric intermixes for the green dry milling processes for having improved machining performance with minimal environmental effect.
Democracy's Dislocations
Authors: Devabhaktuni Sony , Mansbridge Joanna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article examines the 2019 Hong Kong protests from the perspective of urban space and the city's historical founding as a colonial entrepôt. Specifically, it explores how the protests destabilized both the urban fabric of the city and the political and economic agreements that have defined the city's governance since handover. The analysis of the protests, and of the history leading up to them, is informed by writings on democracy and space by Chantal Mouffe and Doreen Massey, and considers the work of activists, researchers, and journalists whose voices have often been out of step with the movement and with international media narratives that have defined it. The article provides historical and theoretical insight into the role of both collaboration and conflict in the formation of the city's political identity and points to possibilities for engaging with the still-open question of the meanings and practices of democracy in Hong Kong.