bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open‐Label Pilot Study of Interferon Gamma–1b in Patients With Non‐Infantile Osteopetrosis
Authors: Nguyen Andrew , Miller Weston P. , Gupta Ashish , Lund Troy C. , Schiferl Daniel , Lam Lok Sze Kelvin , Arzumanyan Zorayr , Orchard Paul J. , Polgreen Lynda E. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe only treatment currently available for patients with severe infantile osteopetrosis is hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). HCT‐related toxicity and mortality risks typically preclude its use in non‐infantile patients, and other therapies are needed for these patients who have significant disease‐related morbidity. Interferon gamma‐1b is currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of severe infantile osteopetrosis (autosomal recessive osteopetrosis [ARO]). However, little is known about the effects of interferon gamma‐1b in non‐infantile osteopetrosis. Thus, this pilot study aimed at testing the safety and tolerability of interferon gamma‐1b in patients with non‐infantile osteopetrosis and assessing the clinical effects. We performed a 12‐month, open‐label, multi‐center pilot study involving patients >1 year‐old diagnosed radiographically with osteopetrosis. Patients were initiated on interferon gamma‐1b subcutaneously 15 μg/m2 three times weekly, to be titrated over 3 weeks to a goal of 100 μg/m2 three times weekly. The primary aim was safety and tolerability. The secondary aims were to assess changes in peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone mineral density (BMD) Z‐scores, bone biomarkers, and quality‐of‐life (QOL) measures. Four of the five participants enrolled withdrew from the study between 3 and 9 months due to intolerability of interferon gamma‐1b–related flu‐like symptoms. The last participant completed the study with the addition of prednisone on days of interferon gamma‐1b administration. DXA and pQCT outcomes were stable over 6–12 months, and there were no clear trends in bone biomarkers or QOL measures. No serious drug‐related adverse events were reported during this study. Interferon gamma‐1b was only tolerable in one of five participants with the addition of prednisone. The stabilization of BMD and other measures of bone health during this study suggest possible positive effects of interferon gamma‐1b on osteopetrosis; however, additional data are needed before conclusions on treatment efficacy can be made. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
A new approach to increased land reclamation rate in a coal mining subsidence area: A case‐study of Guqiao Coal Mine, China
Authors: Li Gensheng , Hu Zhenqi , Yuan Dongzhu , Li Pengyu , Feng Zhanjie , He Yibo , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderground coal mining inevitably causes land subsidence which floods in a region with high watertables, which will affect sustainable land development. However, the traditional reclamation (TR) method has a low land reclamation rate. Thus, finding a suitable reclamation approach is crucial to alleviate the conflicts between coal exploitation and land protection. In this article, the Guqiao Coal Mine of China, used as a representative case‐study, has been seriously affected by mining‐induced ponding. First, the dynamic distributions of surface subsidence and land damage from 2007 to 2017 were revealed, based on concurrent mining and reclamation (CMR). Second, the land‐water layout of five reclamation schemes (e.g., no reclamation, TR, CMR I, CMR II, and CMR III) were simulated. Then, a dynamic filling elevation model and filling thickness model were constructed. Finally, the earthwork allocation sequence was optimized. Results revealed: 1) reclaimed land area: CMR III > CMR II > CMR I > TR > no reclamation. 2) Digging depths are directly proportional to the earthwork volumes and land area and are inversely proportional to the water areas, but with an increase in digging depths, the reclaimed land area is relatively lower. 3) CMR schemes had reclaimed 426.31–637.82 ha and 259.62–471.13 ha more land than no reclamation and the TR scheme, respectively. Compared with no reclamation and the TR scheme, CMR schemes can increase the proportion of reclaimed land by 33.77–50.52% and 20.57–37.32%, respectively. Research results provide a reference for increasing the mine reclamation rates in areas with high phreatic watertables.
Spectral order isomorphisms and AW$AW$*‐factors
Authors: Bohata Martin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe paper deals with spectral order isomorphisms in the framework of *‐algebras. We establish that every spectral order isomorphism between sets of all self‐adjoint elements (or between sets of all effects, or between sets of all positive elements) in *‐factors of  Type I has a canonical form induced by a continuous function calculus and an isomorphism between projection lattices. In particular, this solves an open question about spectral order automorphisms of the set of all (bounded) self‐adjoint operators on an infinite‐dimensional Hilbert space. We also discuss spectral order isomorphisms preserving, in addition, orthogonality in both directions.
Disaster preparedness and core competencies among emergency nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chegini Zahra , Arab‐Zozani Morteza , Kakemam Edris , Lotfi Mojgan , Nobakht Afsaneh , Aziz Karkan Hanieh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimWith the rise in frequency and severity of disasters in recent decades, it is essentially important that nurses must be adequately prepared to handle them. This study was aimed to evaluate the levels of disaster core competencies and preparedness of nurses in the emergency department.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design was used.MethodsThis cross‐sectional research was conducted from August 2020 to December 2020 among 271 nurses in the emergency departments of six hospitals in Qazvin, Iran. The participants completed the “Nurses Perceptions of Disaster Core Competencies Scale” (NPDCC) (45 items) and the disaster preparedness (a single‐item visual scale). Data were analysed by one‐way analysis of variance, independent t‐tests and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsThe mean scores of disaster preparedness and core competencies of nurses were 6.75 out of 10 (SD = 1.63) and 2.88 out of 5 (SD = 0.80), respectively. "Technical skills" (mean = 3.24, SD = 0.91) were the highest and "communication skills" (mean = 2.57, SD = 0.95) were the lowest across the subscales of the scale. A significant association was found between disaster core competencies and preparedness of nurses (p < .001). Regression analysis results indicated that nursing disaster core competencies were perceived betted by older nurses (B = −0.405) who had experience in the disaster stage (B = 0.228) and nurses with disaster response experience (B = 0.223) and lower professional experience (B = 0.309). Nurses with a postdiploma degree (B = −0.480) and bachelor's degree (B = −0.416) were perceived to have lower disaster core competency than nurses with a master's or PhD degree.ConclusionThere are still gaps in disaster preparedness and core competencies for emergency nurses that need to be addressed. Nursing managers must support an improvement in nursing disaster core competencies. This may be done by conducting sessions for routine disaster scenarios and providing formal disaster preparedness training.
Development and psychometric evaluation of nurses’ perception towards the gap between knowledge and practice
Authors: Gassas Roaa Sabri , Ahmed Mohamed Eldigire 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to develop a survey instrument and psychometrically evaluate nurses’ perceptions of the gap between knowledge and practice. Although the nursing literature has widely documented a gap between knowledge and practice, no instrument has been developed to measure this gap.DesignPsychometric analysis was done on 513 nurses working in different positions at two large hospitals in Jeddah City.MethodsCronbach's alpha was used to determine the internal consistency and reliability of the research instrument, and a panel of experts evaluated the validity of the tool's content.ResultThe content validity index computed from expert rankings was 0.89. Factor analysis yielded four major components: knowledge, practice, environment and learning. Cronbach's alpha indicated a high level of internal consistency and reliability for the component items. The newly developed scale will facilitate measuring nurses’ perceptions of the knowledge–practice gap in clinical settings.
A differentially diagnosed simple bone cyst from a medieval Polish osteological collection
Authors: Siek Thomas J. , Spinek Anna E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis case study describes and provides a differential diagnosis for a femoral lesion. Individual M81 was a young adult male from Milicz, a 12th–13th century cemetery, and a subsection of the osteological collection curated by the Polish Academy of Sciences in Wrocław, Poland. The skeleton underwent standard anthropological analysis to estimate age‐at‐death and sex. The lesion was then evaluated through macroscopic and radiographic analyses, using clinical and paleopathological criteria. The right femur presented with abnormal bone contouring at the proximal metaphysis. A radiograph revealed a round, osteolytic lesion with a thin sclerotic border, located parallel to the long axis of the bone. The radiographic appearance of the lesion, along with the individual's estimated age‐at‐death and sex, lend to a differential diagnosis of a simple bone cyst. In paleopathology, there have been scant reports of cystic lesions and fewer reports of simple bone cysts. This case adds further data to a clinically common, yet underreported, pathology and may be the first case of a simple bone cyst reported from a Polish context.
Reconciling the prospect of disease progression with goals and expectations: Development and validation of a measurement model in advanced cancer
Authors: George Login S. , Polacek Laura C. , Lynch Kathleen , Prigerson Holly G. , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. , Atkinson Thomas M. , Epstein Andrew S. , Breitbart William 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveAmong patients living with advanced, life‐limiting illness, reconciling the prospect of disease progression with future goals and expectations is a key psychological task, integral to treatment decision‐making and emotional well‐being. To date, this psychological process remains poorly understood with no available measurement tools. The present paper develops and validates a measurement model for operationalizing this psychological process.MethodsIn Phase 1, concept elicitation interviews were conducted among Stage IV lung, gastrointestinal, and gynecologic cancer patients, their caregivers, and experts (N = 19), to further develop our conceptual framework centered on assimilation and accommodation coping. In Phase 2, draft self‐report items of common assimilation and accommodation coping strategies were evaluated via patient cognitive interviews (N = 11).ResultsPhase 1 interviews identified several coping strategies, some of which aimed to reduce the perceived likelihood of disease progression (assimilation), and others aimed to integrate the likelihood into new goals and expectations (accommodation). The coping strategies appeared to manifest in patients' daily lives, and integrally related to their emotional well‐being and how they think about treatments. Phase 2 cognitive interviews identified items to remove and modify, resulting in a 31‐item measure assessing 10 assimilation and accommodation coping strategies.ConclusionsThe present work derived a content‐valid measure of the psychological process by which patients reconcile the prospect of disease progression with their goals and expectations. Further psychometric validation and use of the scale could identify intervention targets for enhancing patient decision‐making and well‐being.
Effects of tank‐mix adjuvants on physicochemical properties and dosage delivery at low dilution ratios for unmanned aerial vehicle application in paddy fields
Authors: Zhao Rui , Sun Zhe , Bird Neal , Gu Yu‐cheng , Xu Yong , Zhang Zhen‐hua , Wu Xue‐min 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been developed to improve the efficiency of pesticide applications, and they are now widely utilized in Asia. The deposition and retention periods of pesticides on plant surfaces present serious challenges for modern precision agriculture, as these factors directly affect pesticide bioavailability, efficacy, and loss. Tank‐mix adjuvants have been utilized to improve pesticide performance, but their effects on physicochemical properties and dosage delivery at low dilutions are not well understood.RESULTSWe found that different tank‐mix adjuvants affected droplet impact behavior, the wetting and spreading of spray dilutions, and pesticide deposition on rice leaves by changing the physicochemical properties of spray dilutions. The adjuvant methyl oxirane polymer with oxirane, mono (3,5,5‐trimethylhexyl) ether (adjuvant c) significantly reduced the dynamic surface tension of the spray dilution and inhibited the rebound of large droplets (D0 = 2 ± 0.2 mm) and spray droplets (0.2 MPa with a LU‐01 nozzle) on rice leaves, and improved the wetting and spreading performance of the spray dilution on rice leaves. Field tests showed that adjuvant c could significantly increase the deposition of chlorantraniliprole on rice leaves.CONCLUSIONOverall, the use of appropriate tank‐mix adjuvants at low dilution ratios for UAV application in paddy fields can improve the performance of spray dilutions, increase the effective deposition and wetting spread of pesticides on rice leaves, further reduce the dosage of pesticide products and improve pesticide utilization. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry
Return‐to‐baseline multiple imputation for missing values in clinical trials
Authors: Qu Yongming , Dai Biyue 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReturn‐to‐baseline is an important method to impute missing values or unobserved potential outcomes when certain hypothetical strategies are used to handle intercurrent events in clinical trials. Current return‐to‐baseline approaches seen in literature and in practice inflate the variability of the “complete” dataset after imputation and lead to biased mean estimators when the probability of missingness depends on the observed baseline and/or postbaseline intermediate outcomes. In this article, we first provide a set of criteria a return‐to‐baseline imputation method should satisfy. Under this framework, we propose a novel return‐to‐baseline imputation method. Simulations show the completed data after the new imputation approach have the proper distribution, and the estimators based on the new imputation method outperform the traditional method in terms of both bias and variance, when missingness depends on the observed values. The new method can be implemented easily with the existing multiple imputation procedures in commonly used statistical packages.
Synthesis of a Heavy‐Oil Viscosity Reducer Containing a Benzene Ring and Its Viscosity Reduction Mechanism
Authors: Yu Jie , Quan Hongping , Huang Zhiyu , Li Pengfei , Chang Shihao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, a small molecular viscosity reducer containing benzene ring was synthesized and evaluated its ability of dispersing asphaltenes and resins. It is helpful for introduction of polar groups to dispersing asphaltene. Benzene ring structure can make viscosity reducer molecules penetrate into the stacking structure of asphaltene and resin better. The long carbon chain in the molecule can interact with paraffin to change the crystalline state of paraffin and reduce the viscosity of heavy oil. Therefore, viscosity reducer has the function of reducing viscosity of heavy oil. And the smaller molecular weight can effectively avoid the phenomenon of viscosity increase in the process of viscosity reduction due to the excessive molecular weight of viscosity reducer. The experimental results show that VR‐1 has good viscosity reduction ability. And VR‐1 has excellent effect on the dispersion of asphaltene and the reduction of particle size. The mechanism of viscosity reduction is studied, and the results are consistent with the experimental results.
Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Sensing and Bioimaging of Nitroreductase
Authors: Das Samarpita , Indurthi Harish K. , Asati Pulkit , Sharma Deepak K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHypoxia is a condition caused by a decrease in oxygen and is often seen in cases of cardiac ischemia, solid tumors, inflammation, and other diseases. Tumor hypoxia can result in cancer invasion, metastasis, decreased apoptosis, and resistance to various therapies (chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy), ultimately reducing overall survival rates. These effects of hypoxia underline the need to monitor hypoxia‐associated specific markers for more effective therapeutic intervention. Nitroreductase (NTR) is a common biomarker of hypoxia, via its reduction activity with nitroaromatic compounds to corresponding amino derivatives using NADH and NADPH as cofactor. The NTR expression level can be correlated to cellular hypoxia. Therefore, developing a diagnostic tool for measuring NTR activity is of immense importance for improving treatment efficacies. To leverage NTR activity as a proxy of hypoxia, small molecule based fluorescent probes have been developed as quantifiable probes. To date, several NTR‐sensitive fluorescent probes have been reported. This review is focuses on the advances in these fluorescent NTR probes over the last five years.
Synthesis of Cu‐ZnO/Polyacrylic Acid Hydrogel as Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalyst for Organic Pollutant Degradation
Authors: Iqbal Shahid , Javed Mohsin , Qamar Muhammad Azam , Bahadur Ali , Fayyaz Muhammad , Akbar Ali , Alsaab Hashem O. , Awwad Nasser S. , Ibrahium Hala A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe present study illustrates the production of Cu‐doped ZnO nanocomposite with polyacrylic acid (PAA) microgel for the degradation of a coloured pollutant under sunlight. From 1 to 20 % Cu was doped into ZnO nanostructure (1–20 % Cu doped‐ZnO NPs) by the co‐precipitation method and applied for photocatalytic dye degradation. The 15CuZnO NPs exhibited the best dye degradation under sunlight. The 15CuZnO NPs were incorporated with PAA microgel through inverse phase polymerization under N2 gas atmosphere to yield the objective nanocomposite (PAA/CuZnO NC). The yielded composite showed an extreme rise in photocatalytic efficiency and completely mineralized MB in 60 minutes. The prepared composite showed better degradation of methylene blue than Cu‐doped ZnO nanoparticles under UV‐vis light radiation. The stability of PAA/CuZnO NC for photodegradation of dye was verified by a recycling experiment of the composite.
Catalytic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Light Alkanes over Oxygen Functionalized Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Kumar Sonu , Lyalin Andrey , Huang Zhenguo , Taketsugu Tetsuya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe catalytic activity of oxygen functionalized hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) with >B−O−O−B< and >B−O−B< active sites at the zigzag edges for oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes, specifically ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and isobutane (HC(CH3)3) is explored. It has been found that the reaction pathway involves two H atom transfer steps with small activation energies. We demonstrate that the synergy of two active sites, >B−O−O−B< and >B−O−B<, is crucial for the first and second H‐transfer, respectively. With the increase in molecular mass of the considered light alkanes, the ODH reaction temperature decreases. In the case of butane and isobutane, the ODH reaction occurs almost at the same temperature indicating that the reaction is independent of the shape of the isomer. The rate‐limiting nature of the first H‐transfer step is predicted. The charge redistribution during H‐transfers and localized oxygen atomic states in the conduction band are explored to suggest possible descriptors for the rational design of new catalysts. The universal action of the >B−O−O−B< and >B−O−B< active sites for ODH of the light alkanes paves the way for metal‐free BN‐based materials for future catalytic applications.
A Computational Study on Cycloaddition Reactions between Isatin Azomethine Imine and in situ Generated Azaoxyallyl Cation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Ying , Zhou Yongzhu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe cycloaddition reactions between isatin azomethine imine and in situ generated azaoxyallyl cation were explored by density functional theory calculations to elucidate the competition among different pathways. The [3+2] cycloaddition between azaoxyallyl cation and carbonyl group could proceed via either the N‐alkylated pathway or O‐alkylated pathway, which finally afforded the 4‐oxazolidinone or imidate skeleton, respectively. The exclusive formation of the 4‐oxazolidinone product should result from the higher stability and feasible conversion. The possibly competing [3+3] reaction between azaoxyallyl cation and azomethine imine was predicted to be less favorable kinetically than the [3+2] one. Lastly, charge and orbital analyses were performed on isatin azomethine imine to explain the observed reactivities.
A novel numerical approach for the stability of nanobeam exposed to hygro‐thermo‐magnetic environment embedded in elastic foundation
Authors: Jena Subrat Kumar , Chakraverty S. , Mahesh Vinyas , Harursampath Dineshkumar , Sedighi Hamid M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a novel numerical technique, namely, shifted Chebyshev polynomials based Rayleigh‐Ritz method has been employed to analyze the buckling characteristics of the nanobeam. The main advantage of the shifted Chebyshev polynomials is that, due to the orthogonality of the polynomials, ill‐conditioning of the system is being avoided with higher number of terms in the approximation. The nanobeam is exposed to both hygroscopic and thermal environments while being subjected to a longitudinal magnetic field. Further, the beam is modeled with Winkler‐Pasternak elastic foundation and nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The governing equation of motion of the proposed model has been derived using the Hamilton's principle, and critical buckling loads for Hinged‐Hinged (HH), Clamped‐Hinged (CH), and Clamped‐Clamped (CC) boundary conditions have been computed. The proposed model is validated against the existing model in special cases, exhibiting excellent agreement. Then a convergence study is performed to ensure the correctness and effectiveness of the method. Furthermore, a comprehensive parametric study has been carried out to determine the impact of various parameters such as the small scale parameter, Winkler modulus, shear modulus, magnetic field intensity parameter, hygroscopic parameter, and temperature parameter.
Motivic and $$\ell $$-adic realizations of the category of singularities of the zero locus of a global section of a vector bundle
Authors: Pippi Massimo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe study the motivic and$$\ell $$ℓ-adic realizations of the dg category of singularities of the zero locus of a global section of a line bundle over a regular scheme. We will then use the formula obtained in this way together with a theorem due to D. Orlov and J. Burke–M. Walker to give a formula for the$$\ell $$ℓ-adic realization of the dg category of singularities of the zero locus of a global section of a vector bundle. In particular, we obtain a formula for the$$\ell $$ℓ-adic realization of the dg category of singularities of the special fiber of a scheme over a regular local ring of dimensionn.