bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do follicle-stimulating hormone receptor polymorphisms in infertile men influence intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes? A prospective cohort study
Authors: Fakih Chadi , Raad Georges , Ghamloush Mona , Bazzi Marwa , Fakih Ibrahim , Safi Neemtallah , Costantine Claira , Mourad Youmna , Fakih Fadi 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and its receptor regulate the quantity and quality of spermatozoa production. Several studies have analyzed the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 10 of the FSH receptor (FSHR) on basic semen parameters without yet reaching a firm consensus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of p.Thr307Ala and p.Asn680Ser polymorphisms in exon 10 of the FSHR gene, in infertile men, on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes. This study was conducted between March 2019 and February 2020 on infertile couples undergoing ICSI at Al Hadi Laboratory and Medical Center, Lebanon. Couples with severe infertility factors that may impair gametogenesis/embryogenesis (e.g. advanced maternal age, premature ovarian failure, underwent gonadotoxic treatments, etc.) were excluded from the study. Semen and blood samples were collected from infertile men on the day of oocyte collection. Infertile men (n = 173) were screened for FSHR variants using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Moreover, fertilization rates, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. Higher sperm concentrations were found in the p.Thr307Ala group than the p.Thr307Thr (P < 0.01) and p.Ala307Ala (P < 0.05) groups. Furthermore, fertilization rate was significantly lower in the p.Ala307Ala genotype than in the p.Thr307Thr genotype (P < 0.05). We showed that FSHR variants in infertile men undergoing ICSI could affect sperm concentration, motility, and fertilization rates. Therefore, it will be important to confirm these results in further studies using a larger sample size.
Task shifting from general practitioners to practice assistants and nurses in primary care: a cross-sectional survey in 34 countries
Authors: Groenewegen Peter , Boerma Wienke G.W. , Spreeuwenberg Peter , Seifert Bohumil , Schäfer Willemijn , Batenburg Ronald , van Tuyl Lilian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aim:
To describe variation in task shifting from GPs to practice assistants/nurses in 34 countries and to explain differences by analysing associations with characteristics of the GPs and their practices and features of the health care systems.

Background:
Redistribution of tasks and responsibilities in primary care are driven by changes in demand, such as the growing number of patients with chronic conditions, and workforce developments, including staff shortage. The need to manage an expanding range of services has led to adaptations in the skill-mix of primary care teams. These developments are hampered by barriers between professional domains.

Methods:
Data were collected between 2011 and 2013 through a cross-sectional survey among approximately 7,200 general practitioners (GPs) in 34 countries. Task shifting is measured through a composite score of GPs’ self-reported shifting of tasks. Independent variables at GP and practice level are as follows: innovativeness; part-time working; availability of staff; location and population of the practice. Country-level independent variables are as follows: demand for and supply of care, nurse prescribing, and professionalisation of practice assistants/nurses. Multilevel analysis is used to account for clustering of GPs in countries.

Findings:
Countries vary in the degree of task shifting. Regarding GP and practice characteristics, use of electronic health records and availability of support staff in the practice are positively associated with task shifting and GPs’ working hours negatively, in line with our hypotheses. Age of the GPs is, contrary to our hypothesis, positively related to task shifting. These variables explain 11% of the variance at GP level. Two country variables are related to task shifting: a lower percentage of practices without support staff in a country and nurse prescribing rights coincide with more task shifting. The percentage of practices without support staff has the strongest relationship, explaining 73% of the country variation.
Investigating the Efficiency of Deep Learning Methods in Estimating GPS Geodetic Velocity
Authors: Sorkhabi Omid Memarian , Milani Muhammed , Seyed Alizadeh Seyed Mehdi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGeodetic velocity (GV) has many applications in tectonic motion determination and geodynamic studies. Due to the high cost of global navigation satellite system stations, deep learning methods have been investigated to estimate GV. In this research, four methods of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), deep Boltzmann machines, deep belief net and recurrent neural networks have been applied. The GV of 42 global positioning system stations is entered the deep learning methods. The outputs of the four methods have successfully passed the normality test. The results show that the CNN method has a lower goodness of fit and root mean square error (RMSE). CNN can learn different dependencies and extract features.
Observed Evidence That Subsidence Process Stabilizes the Boundary Layer and Increases the Ground Concentration of Secondary Pollutants
Authors: Shi Yu , Zeng Qingcun , Liu Lei , Huo Juntao , Zhang Zhe , Ding Weichen , Hu Fei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSubsidence in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) appears to be rare and short‐lived, so it is very difficult to observe. In this paper, field experimental data from a large tethered balloon (1,900 m3) synchronously measuring meteorological parameters and air pollutants, a ground‐based aerosol lidar, a Doppler wind lidar, and some other ground observations were used to analyze the formation mechanism of subsidence and its influences on the variation of meteorological parameters and pollutant concentrations of the ABL. Results show that the occurrence of subsidence was closely correlated with the cold advection accompanied by cold front. Pollutants were horizontally transported to the observation site driven by southwest low‐level jet. Under the influence of subsidence behind the cold front and turbulent kinetic energy transported toward the surface, the vertical downward transport of pollutants aloft lasted for nearly 5 hr. The observation data of the tethered balloon suspending at 500 m show that the concentrations of PM2.5, NO3−, SO42−, and NH4+ increased simultaneously. O3 concentration in the lower atmosphere also increased. Subsidence had significant effects on the secondary inorganic aerosol concentrations but the concentration of organic aerosols was not affected. Subsidence led to a stronger inversion layer, further suppressing the vertical dispersion of pollutants. Both the stronger subsidence‐induced inversion layer and the downward transport of pollutants have led to an increase in the ground PM2.5 concentration. Our findings demonstrate the close connection between subsidence and air pollution process and may provide the scientific reference for air quality potential forecast.
Preferential Formation of Chlorite Over Talc During Si‐Metasomatism of Ultramafic Rocks in Subduction Zones
Authors: Codillo E. A. , Klein F. , Marschall H. R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTalc formation via silica‐metasomatism of ultramafic rocks is believed to play key roles in subduction zone processes. Yet, the conditions of talc formation remain poorly constrained. We used thermodynamic reaction‐path models to assess the formation of talc at the slab‐mantle interface and show that it is restricted to a limited set of pressure–temperature conditions, protolith, and fluid compositions. In contrast, our models predict that chlorite formation is ubiquitous at conditions relevant to the slab‐mantle interface of subduction zones. The scarcity of talc and abundance of chlorite is evident in the rock record of exhumed subduction zone terranes. Talc formation during Si‐metasomatism may thus play a more limited role in volatile cycling, strain localization, and in controlling the decoupling‐coupling transition of the plate interface. Conversely, the observed and predicted ubiquity of chlorite corroborates its prominent role in slab‐mantle interface processes that previous studies attributed to talc.
Shelf Ecosystems Along the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain Prior to and During the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum: Insights Into the Stratigraphic Architecture
Authors: Doubrawa Monika , Stassen Peter , Robinson Marci M. , Babila Tali L. , Zachos James C. , Speijer Robert P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is the most pronounced global warming event of the early Paleogene related to atmospheric CO2 increases. It is characterized by negative δ18O and δ13C excursions recorded in sedimentary archives and a transient disruption of the marine biosphere. Sites from the U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain show an additional small, but distinct δ13C excursion below the onset of the PETM, coined the “pre‐onset excursion” (POE), mimicking the PETM‐forced environmental perturbations. This study focuses on the South Dover Bridge core in Maryland, where the Paleocene‐Eocene transition is stratigraphically constrained by calcareous nannoplankton and stable isotope data, and in which the POE is well‐expressed. The site was situated in a middle neritic marine shelf setting near a major outflow of the paleo‐Potomac River system. We generated high‐resolution benthic foraminiferal assemblage, stable isotope, trace‐metal, grain‐size and clay mineralogy data. The resulting stratigraphic subdivision of this Paleocene‐Eocene transition is placed within a depth transect across the paleoshelf, highlighting that the PETM sequence is relatively expanded. The geochemical records provide detailed insights into the paleoenvironment, developing from a well‐oxygenated water column in latest Paleocene to a PETM‐ecosystem under severe biotic stress‐conditions, with shifts in food supply and temperature, and under dysoxic bottom waters in a more river‐dominated setting. Environmental changes started in the latest Paleocene and culminated atthe onset of the PETM, hinting to an intensifying trigger rather than to an instantaneous event at the Paleocene‐Eocene boundary toppling the global system.
Supporting and Advocating for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth and Their Families Within the Sociopolitical Context of Widespread Discriminatory Legislation and Policies
Authors: Kuper Laura E. , Cooper M. Brett , Mooney Megan A. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: The aims of this commentary are to: (a) provide an overview of the current sociopolitical context experienced by transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth and caregivers, (b) summarize the research that has been conducted about how the sociopolitical context impacts the mental health and wellbeing of TGD youth and caregivers, (c) discuss the clinical implications of these findings, and (d) identify steps mental health providers can take to be advocates for TGD youth and their families. Methods: Authors include a psychologist and adolescent medicine physician working within a multidisciplinary gender program for youth and a psychologist in independent practice who specializes in working with LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer) youth, especially TGD youth. Clinical implications and advocacy steps were informed by our synthesis of the research literature as well as our own experiences working within the field of TGD health. Results: TGD youth and families have identified a range of stressors and coping strategies associated with the sociopolitical climate. Existing guides to clinical practice with TGD people can be adapted to incorporate these findings. We propose a “menu” of advocacy steps for providers to consider. Conclusions: Awareness of the larger sociopolitical context is crucial to providing high quality care to TGD youth and their families. By participating in advocacy efforts, mental health providers can have a unique and meaningful impact on the social and structural factors that impact the mental health and wellbeing of this population. Ethical principles within the field of psychology highlight how advocacy efforts are an important component of practice. Implications for Impact Statement The health and wellbeing of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth and their families is negatively impacted by the discriminatory legislation and state and federal policies that have expanded over the past decade. In addition to supporting families engaging in advocacy, a number of avenues exist for mental health providers to engage in professional, organizational, community, media, and political based advocacy.
The updated role of exosomal proteins in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer
Authors: Wang Xinyi , Huang Jing , Chen Wenjie , Li Genpeng , Li Zhihui , Lei Jianyong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExosomes are vesicles encompassed by a lipid bilayer that are released by various living cells. Exosomal proteins are encapsulated within the membrane or embedded on the surface. As an important type of exosome cargo, exosomal proteins can reflect the physiological status of the parent cell and play an essential role in cell–cell communication. Exosomal proteins can regulate tumor development, including tumor-related immune regulation, microenvironment reconstruction, angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, metastasis, etc. The features of exosomal proteins can provide insight into exosome generation, targeting, and biological function and are potential sources of markers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Here, we summarize the effects of exosomal proteins on cancer biology, the latest progress in the application of exosomal proteins in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and the potential contribution of exosomal proteins in cancer therapeutics and vaccines.
The 'five star' fallacy: an analysis of online reviews and testimonials of dental practices in Northern England
Authors: Donnell Christopher C. , Iafrate Lorenzo F. , Worthington Stuart W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAims and objectives To develop a greater understanding of how dental practices in the UK utilise and promote patient reviews and testimonials. To compare and contrast the star ratings, levels of engagement and levels of identifiability by comparing those placed by patients on social media, review websites and search engines, to those placed on providers' own websites. To provide recommendations for future advertising guidance.Materials and methods All practices providing dental services in North East England and Cumbria were identified from the Care Quality Commission database. A web-based Google search for the respective dental practice websites, NHS listings, Facebook pages and Google results page listings was performed. The presence or absence of patient testimonials and reviews was recorded, alongside the total number of testimonials/reviews and the number of non-identifiable testimonials/reviews. Data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS Statistics.Results Of the 401 practice websites, 19.7% (n = 79) contained at least one graded review, while 40.9% (n = 158) of the 386 NHS listings; 87.2% (n = 272) of the 343 Facebook pages; and 94.4% (n = 442) of the 468 Google listings also contained at least one graded review. All of the 1,798 testimonials observed on practice websites were positive in their sentiment. Further, 22 practices utilised video testimonials. Each of the online review locations showed overall mean scores above 4.5 out of 5 stars.Conclusions Dental practice websites, the NHS website, Facebook and Google utilise testimonials and reviews in distinct and diverse ways. Unlike other jurisdictions around the world, the UK does not have guidance in this area. Electronic word of mouth is often replete with bias, and as such, patients need to be encouraged to seek out multiple sources before decision-making. Facebook and Google may be perceived to be more 'trustworthy' sources of information as they appear less curated and less susceptible to manipulation than practice websites, which the public may feel gives greater credence to the information they provide. In order to achieve the highest standards of integrity and honesty, advertising guidance surrounding reviews and testimonials would benefit from future revision.
Genomic landscape of pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma tumours
Authors: Hiltbrunner Stefanie , Fleischmann Zoe , Sokol Ethan S. , Zoche Martin , Felley-Bosco Emanuela , Curioni-Fontecedro Alessandra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Malignant pleural and peritoneal mesotheliomas are rare malignancies with unacceptable poor prognoses and limited treatment options. The genomic landscape is mainly characterised by the loss of tumour suppressor genes and mutations in DNA repair genes. Currently, data from next-generation sequencing (NGS) of mesothelioma tumours is restricted to a limited number of cases; moreover, data comparing molecular features of mesothelioma from the pleural and peritoneal origin with NGS are lacking.

Methods
We analysed 1113 pleural mesothelioma and 355 peritoneal mesothelioma samples. All tumours were sequenced with the FoundationOne® or FoundationOne®CDx assay for detection of substitutions, insertion–deletions, copy-number alterations and selected rearrangements in at least 324 cancer genes.

Results
This analysis revealed alterations in 19 genes with an overall prevalence of at least 2%. Alterations in BAP1, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, NF2, MTAP, TP53 and SETD2 occurred with a prevalence of at least 10%. Peritoneal, compared to pleural mesothelioma, was characterised by a lower prevalence of alterations in CDKN2A, CDKN2B and MTAP. Moreover, we could define four distinct subgroups according to alterations in BAP1 and CDKN2A/B. Alterations in Hedgehog pathway-related genes (PTCH1/2 and SUFU) and Hippo pathway-related gene (NF2) as well as KRAS, EGFR, PDGFRA/B, ERBB2 and FGFR3 were detected in both cohorts.

Conclusion
Here, we report the molecular aberrations from the largest cohort of patients with mesothelioma. This analysis identified a proportion of patients with targetable alterations and suggests that molecular profiling can identify new treatment options for patients with mesothelioma.
High-throughput mutagenesis identifies mutations and RNA-binding proteins controlling CD19 splicing and CART-19 therapy resistance
Authors: Cortés-López Mariela , Schulz Laura , Enculescu Mihaela , Paret Claudia , Spiekermann Bea , Quesnel-Vallières Mathieu , Torres-Diz Manuel , Unic Sebastian , Busch Anke , Orekhova Anna , Kuban Monika , Mesitov Mikhail , Mulorz Miriam M. , Shraim Rawan , Kielisch Fridolin , Faber Jörg , Barash Yoseph , Thomas-Tikhonenko Andrei , Zarnack Kathi , Legewie Stefan , König Julian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFollowing CART-19 immunotherapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL), many patients relapse due to loss of the cognate CD19 epitope. Since epitope loss can be caused by aberrant CD19 exon 2 processing, we herein investigate the regulatory code that controls CD19 splicing. We combine high-throughput mutagenesis with mathematical modelling to quantitatively disentangle the effects of all mutations in the region comprising CD19 exons 1-3. Thereupon, we identify ~200 single point mutations that alter CD19 splicing and thus could predispose B-ALL patients to developing CART-19 resistance. Furthermore, we report almost 100 previously unknown splice isoforms that emerge from cryptic splice sites and likely encode non-functional CD19 proteins. We further identify cis-regulatory elements and trans-acting RNA-binding proteins that control CD19 splicing (e.g., PTBP1 and SF3B4) and validate that loss of these factors leads to pervasive CD19 mis-splicing. Our dataset represents a comprehensive resource for identifying predictive biomarkers for CART-19 therapy.
Liquid-crystalline behavior on dumbbell-shaped colloids and the observation of chiral blue phases
Authors: Chen Guangdong , Pei Hanwen , Zhang Xuefei , Shi Wei , Liu Mingjie , Faul Charl F. J. , Yang Bai , Zhao Yan , Liu Kun , Lu Zhongyuan , Nie Zhihong , Yang Yang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractColloidal liquid crystals are an emerging class of soft materials that naturally combine the unique properties of both liquid crystal molecules and colloidal particles. Chiral liquid crystal blue phases are attractive for use in fast optical displays and electrooptical devices, but the construction of blue phases is limited to a few chiral building blocks and the formation of blue phases from achiral ones is often counterintuitive. Herein we demonstrate that achiral dumbbell-shaped colloids can assemble into a rich variety of characteristic liquid crystal phases, including nematic phases with lock structures, smectic phase, and particularly experimental observation of blue phase III with double-twisted chiral columns. Phase diagrams from experiments and simulations show that the existence and stable regions of different liquid crystal phases are strongly dependent on the geometrical parameters of dumbbell-shaped colloids. This work paves a new route to the design and construction of blue phases for photonic applications.
Accelerating syngas-to-aromatic conversion via spontaneously monodispersed Fe in ZnCr2O4 spinel
Authors: Tian Guo , Liu Xinyan , Zhang Chenxi , Fan Xiaoyu , Xiong Hao , Chen Xiao , Li Zhengwen , Yan Binhang , Zhang Lan , Wang Ning , Peng Hong-Jie , Wei Fei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpontaneous monodispersion of reducible active species (e.g., Fe, Co) and their stabilization in reductive atmospheres remain a key challenge in catalytic syngas chemistry. In this study, we present a series of catalysts including spontaneously monodispersed and enriched Fe on ZnCr2O4. Deep investigation shows remarkable performance in the syngas-to-aromatic reaction only when monodispersed Fe coupled with a H-ZSM-5 zeolite. Monodispersed Fe increases the turnover frequency from 0.14 to 0.48 s−1 without sacrificing the record high selectivity of total aromatics (80–90%) at a single pass. The increased activity is ascribed to more efficient activation of CO and H2 at oxygen vacancy nearest to the isolated Fe site and the prevention of carbide formation. Atomic precise characterization and theoretical calculations shed light on the origin and implications of spontaneous Fe monodispersion, which provide guidance to the design of next-generation catalyst for upgrading small molecules to synthetic fuels and chemicals.