bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Cell Tumor and Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of Bone of the
Head: CT and MR Imaging Findings
Authors: Li Sheng-Lan , Kong Yong-Gang , Zou You , Yu Xi , Ouyang Huang-Qing , Chen Shi-Ming , Deng Yu-Qin 
Published: August 2022

Background:
This study aimed to determine the features and differentiation of Giant Cell
Reparative Granuloma (GCRG) and Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) of the head on CT and MRI.

Methods:
This retrospective study included six patients with histopathology-confirmed head GCRG
and 5 patients with histopathology-confirmed head GCT. All images were independently reviewed
by two radiologists. The growth pattern, bone changes, MRI signal intensity, enhancement patterns
and other image features were recorded. All patients received CT scans and MR images.

Results:
All the lesions were located centrally in the bone. Osteolytic bone destruction and expansive
growth patterns were observed on CT images. Four of six cases broke the cortical bone with
residual cortical bone, and the last two showed a thin cortex in GCRG. Five cases broke the cortical
bone with residual cortical bone in GCT. There were enhancing septations in GCT lesions on contrast-
enhanced T1-Weighted Images (T1WI) while enhancing septations were not present in GCRG
cases. The size of GCT lesions was larger than that of GRCG. GCRG and GCT showed iso-low signals
on T1WI and iso-high signals on T2-Weighted Images (T2WI). There was a case with cystic or
necrotic lesions in each of the two types of lesions. Osteolytic bone destruction and expansive
growth patterns were observed in GCTs and GCRGs.

Conclusion:
The size of the GRCG lesion was smaller than that of the GCT. The presence of enhancing
septations and the size of the lesion may distinguish GCTs from GCRG.
A Review on the Syntheses and Applications of the 5H-chromeno[2,3-
b]pyridines
Authors: Ramazani Ali , Rezayati Sobhan , Kiani Mohammad Taghi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
5H-Chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives are a series of the most important compounds of
chromenes with industrial, biological, and medicinal properties. These compounds are known as the
privileged medicinal scaffold and can be synthesized by different methods such as multicomponent reactions (MCRs), Multicomponent coupling reactions (MCCRs), pot, atom, and step economy (PASE).
In this review article, we have focused on the significant reactions for the syntheses and applications of
5H-chromeno[2,3-b] pyridines, including two-component reactions, three-component reactions, four component reactions, and multi-step reactions. This review is expected to serve as a useful conceptual
overview and inspire the next generation to develop the different strategies for the preparation of 5H Chromeno[2,3-b] pyridine derivatives
Is it Photodegradation or other Electronic Mechanisms Responsible for
Photoluminescence Quenching under Nonenvironmental Conditions in
Poly(3-octyltiophene) Electrochemically Synthesised?
Authors: dos Santos Júlio Goulart , Rodrigues Lenner Santos , Ramos Romildo Jerônimo , Marletta Alexandre , Therézio Eralci Moreira 
Published: August 2022

Aims:
This work investigates the photoluminescence properties of poly(3-
octylthiophene), namely P3OT films, under excitation power and time light expositions. When
exposed to monochromatic illumination, the degradation mechanism of P3OT films is precise in
environmental conditions. However, in some environmental controlled or non-environmental conditions,
the quenching luminescence of P3OT subject to monochromatic light excitation is not
fully understood. In this context, it is necessary to understand what causes quenching luminescence
of P3OT films under environmental conditions.

Methods:
The P3OT was synthesized by chronocoulometry, using tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate
and lithium perchlorate as supporting electrolytes, and after it is deposited on a conductive
substrate of fluoride-doped tin oxide (FTO). The films were synthesized and maintained
under an argon atmosphere, and their thickness is dependent on the charge. The characterisation
was achieved by applying techniques like UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence,
and emission ellipsometry.

Results:
The UV-Vis absorption measurements demonstrated a different interaction of polymer/
dopant due to the polaronic band. The results showed that photoluminescence quenching with
time is a behaviour caused by energy transfer between quinone chains and pristine chains of the
P3OT. The polarised emission measurements corroborate the hypothesis of energy transfer between
chains. The emission ellipsometry technique was used to understand energy transfer processes
and other properties. The self-absorption phenomenon and integrated PL investigation of
the P3OT emission elucidated the mechanism involved in the observed properties.

Conclusion:
Besides that, the results show that photoluminescence quenching happens in nonenvironmental
and environmental conditions, corroborating the hypothesis that PL quenching occurs
because self-absorption phenomena influence the energy transfer mechanism.
Cocaine Administration Protects Gut Mucosa Barrier and Reduces Plasma Level of TNF-α
Authors: Fu Xiaoyu , Bian Chuanxiu , Kruyer Anna , Zhou Zejun , Luo Zhenwu , Haque Azizul , Wagner Amanda , Fitting Sylvia , Robinson Catrina , McRae-Clark Aimee , Amato Davide , Jiang Wei , Lang Ren 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Cocaine affects not only the central nervous system but also systemic immunity.
The role of cocaine in gut mucosal integrity is not fully understood.

Methods:
Here we evaluated the effect of cocaine use on gut endothelial permeability and system inflammation
in rats that self-administered cocaine or saline and humans using immunohistochemistry,
qPCR, ELISA, and Transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER).

Results:
Cocaine administration maintained intact and undisturbed intestinal mucosal structures, increased
tight junction claudin 1 and 2 mRNA expression, and decreased plasma TNF-α levels, compared
to the control group, at the end of the study in rats. Further, cocaine treatment decreased gut endothelial
permeability in a dose-dependent manner in human epithelial Caco-2 cells in vitro. Consistently,
chronic cocaine users exhibited decreased plasma levels of TNF-α compared with non-drug users
in vivo. However, plasma IL-6 levels were similar between cocaine use and control groups both in
humans and rats in vivo.

Conclusions:
Our results from both human and rat studies in vivo and in vitro suggest that cocaine use
may exert a protective effect on the integrity of gut mucosa and suppresses plasma TNF-α levels. This
study may provide information on some beneficial effects of cocaine use on gut endothelial cells integrity
and systemic inflammation.
Patient Preferences for Waiting Time and Kidney Quality
Authors: Mehrotra Sanjay , Gonzalez Juan Marcos , Schantz Karolina , Yang Jui-Chen , Friedewald John J. , Knight Richard 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives
Approximately 20% of deceased donor kidneys are discarded each year in the United States. Some of these kidneys could benefit patients who are waitlisted. Understanding patient preferences regarding accepting marginal-quality kidneys could help more of the currently discarded kidneys be transplanted.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This study uses a discrete choice experiment that presents a deceased donor kidney to patients who are waiting for, or have received, a kidney transplant. The choices involve trade-offs between accepting a kidney today or a future kidney. The options were designed experimentally to quantify the relative importance of kidney quality (expected graft survival and level of kidney function) and waiting time. Choices were analyzed using a random-parameters logit model and latent-class analysis.

Results
In total, 605 participants completed the discrete choice experiment. Respondents made trade-offs between kidney quality and waiting time. The average respondent would accept a kidney today, with 6.5 years of expected graft survival (95% confidence interval, 5.9 to 7.0), to avoid waiting 2 additional years for a kidney, with 11 years of expected graft survival. Three patient-preference classes were identified. Class 1 was averse to additional waiting time, but still responsive to improvements in kidney quality. Class 2 was less willing to accept increases in waiting time for improvements in kidney quality. Class 3 was willing to accept increases in waiting time even for small improvements in kidney quality. Relative to class 1, respondents in class 3 were likely to be age ≤61 years and to be waitlisted before starting dialysis, and respondents in class 2 were more likely to be older, Black, not have a college degree, and have lower Karnofsky performance status.

Conclusions
Participants preferred accepting a lower-quality kidney in return for shorter waiting time, particularly those who were older and had lower functional status.
Development of a Community-scale Autonomous Water Purifier (AWP) Prototype to Remove Heavy Metals
Authors: Becerra Dulce Kristal , Pantoja Joel , Hernández Araceli , Ibañez Guillermo , Moreira Joel , Sebastian Joseph 
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we present the design and evaluation of a prototype Autonomous Water Purifier (AWP) for removing heavy metals from contaminated water. The AWP prototype uses solar energy for its operation; the autonomous photovoltaic system is designed to operate up to 8 hours per day and to generate a water flow of 112 liters per day. The prototype was designed to remove biological and chemical agents. It was achieved the elimination of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, total alkalinity, total hardness, total solids, chloride and sulfate from 50 to 100%, as well as the removal of heavy metals. The Pb2+, Hg2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ were eliminated from 80 to 99%. This wide range of contaminant removal shows a unique way to treat contaminated water in comparison to existing purification systems. The prototype was evaluated with river and spring water from different rural communities of Chiapas, Mexico. The results indicate that the prototype is able to completely remove contaminants in natural waters and get water that meets the guidelines that mark the Mexican official standards. This work helps to solve problems in marginalized communities and natural disaster areas where they have no access to clean water, electricity and suffer from waterborne diseases
KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK KONSUMEN DI ERA DIGITAL PADA TRANSAKSI JUAL BELI ONLINE
Authors: Arifin Abdullah  , Almiftahul Ramadhan  
Published: August 2022

Kepastian Hukum pada transaksi jual beli online menurut Undang-Undang dan tinjauan dari hukum islam terhadap Hak Konsumen pada transaksi jual beli online. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Onlineshop Hadia Collection. Pertanyaan dalam penelitian ini yaitu, Bagaimana Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Penjual Terkait Pemenuhan Hak Konsumen Dalam Jual Beli Di Era Digital pada Online Shop Hadia Collection, Bagaimana Pandangan Fiqh Muamalah Terhadap Tanggung Jawab Penjual Terkait Pemenuhan Hak Konsumen Dalam Jual Beli Di Era Digital Pada Online Shop Hadia Collection, Data penelitian ini dihimpun melalui metode penelitian lapangan (field research), wawancara (interview) dan dokumentasi, selanjutnya dihimpun dari metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research) yaitu memaparkan dan memberi penilaian apakah penerapannya tersebut sesuai dengan undang-undang dan dalam perspektif hukum islam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa perundang-undangan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar hukum perlindungan konsumen pada transaksi jual beli online Undang-Undang Nomor. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen. Bentuk perlindungan konsumen pada jual beli online menurut Undang-Undang diantaranya berupa kepastian hukum bagi konsumen dan pelaku usaha jual beli online, memberikan sanksi pidana kepada pelaku usaha yang merugikan konsumen, dan melindungi hak dan kewajiban konsumen. Bentuk perlindungan hukum jual beli online menurut hukum Islam adalah berupa larangan dalam Al-Quran dan hadis tentang jual beli gharar, praktik penipuan dan larangan berbuat curang. Pembatalan jual beli online dan ganti rugi serta penerapan hak khiyar dalam jual beli online juga merupakan bentuk dari perlindungan konsumen jual beli online
KONSEP PEMBINAAN ANAK SHALIH DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Samsuardi Samsuardi 
Published: August 2022

Jurnal ini mengkaji tentang konsep pembinaan anak dalam tinjauan pendidikan
Islam. Konsep pemibanaan anak shalih dalam pendidikan Islam senantiasa
merujuk pada tuntunan al-Qurâ€™an dan al-Hadits. Pembinaan anak harus
dilakukan secara intergral dengan melibatkan triipusat kependidikan, yakni
keluarga, sekolah dan masyarakat. Ketiga wadah tersebut perlu memperkuat
kerjasama dan bertanggung jawab secara kolektif bagi pembinaan anak. Dalam
pendidikan Islam, meskipun ketiga lembaga di atas memiliki tanggung jawab
dan peranan yang sama dalam hal pembinaan anak, namun tanggung jawab
orang tua dikeluarga tetap yang utama dibandingkan sekolah dan masyarakat.
Pendidikan di rumah tangga menjadi cikal bakal utama yang memiliki peranan
cukup singnifikan dan nilai lebih dibandingkan sekolah dan masyararakat.
Adapun yang menjadi cakupan materi inti dalam pembinaan anak mencakup
tiga aspek dasar, yakni Aqidah, Ibadah, dan Akhlak. Internalisasi kertiga aspek
materi pendidikan ini perlu diupayakan melalui pemberian keteladan,
pembiasaan, cerita, ceramah, serta metode diskusi. Kesemuaan metode di atas,
menjadi kunci strategis dalam pembinaan anak. Implikasi inilah yang nantinya
melahirkan pribadi muslim yang utuh, yang di samping memiliki Knowledge
(pengetahuan) juga memiliki moralitas yang tinggi yang akan berguna bagi
nusa dan bangsa.
USING ART AS THERAPY FOR YOUNG CHILDREN EXPERIENCING TRAUMATIC EVENTS
Authors: Dewi Fitriani Dewi Fitriani 
Published: August 2022

Art therapy is a process of therapy which is using art as the recovery tool. Art
therapy focus solely on its therapeutic process not on the end result of art product.
Art therapy directly connect with all development stages of a child. They are using
their physic to express their affection/empathy or anger toward their
surroundings. In the process, they are applying their cognitive knowledge to be
able to transfer the suppressed emotions into the process of creating the art. Aceh
received the worst impact of Tsunami 2004 compare to other places. Its education
is destroyed not only its infrastructure but also its process. Young children is the
most fragile victim who needs special treatment during the recovery process. All
children experience trauma during their life, not only tsunami victim, although the
traumatic level might differs from one to another. The use of art therapy is very
helpful in the learning process. The use of art therapy will release â€œthe
impedimentâ€ within the child to be able to better function in the society. The
inclusion of art therapy within curriculum will ensure the usage.
HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANGTUA OTORITER DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN MORAL ANAK USIA DINI (4-6 TAHUN) DI TK AL-MUTHMA’INNAH KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Fatmawati Rts Desi Paramita Sari , 
Published: August 2022

Kuisioner dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 15 item pernyataan tentang pola asuh permisif dan 20 item pernyataan tentang perkembangan moral anak usia dini. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuisioner kepada para responden yang telah terpilih sebagai sampel penelitian. Selanjutnya, setelah responden mengisi kuisioner tersebut, lalau dikumpulkan kembali dan dilakukan analisis. Pada pola asuh permisif ada 3 indikator yang diukur, yaitu indikator pemberian kebebasan (pembolehan yang sifatnya toleran), proteksi (tidak ada hubungan apabila anak melanggar peraturan serta kurangnya control terhadap prilaku dan kegiatan anak sehari-hari) dan indikator yang ketiga adalah submission (penyerahan). sebesar 48,22%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pola asuh permisif memiliki hubungan yang “sedang” dalam pembentukan moral anak usia dini di TK Al-Muthmainnah Kota Jamb perkembangan moral anak dapat disimpulkan bahwa pola asuh orang tua permisif memiliki hubungan yang “sedang” dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 48,22%. Sedangkan pekembangan moral anak usia dini di TK Al-Muthma’innah juga memiliki kategori “sedang” dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 50,84%.
SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN PADA LEMBAGA PAUD
Authors: Safinatun Najah Yosi Melda Sari, 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui supervisi pendidikan pada lembaga PAUD. Supervisi dalam pendidikan adalah pekerjaan untuk menciptakan dan menjamin kinerja tenaga pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan. Diharapkan penelitian ini dipercaya dapat menjadi pemikiran yang bermanfaat di kemudian hari, terutama yang terkait dengan supervisi dalam lembaga PAUD guna meningkatkan profesionalisme guru. Kepala sekolah, guru, dan staf administrasi sekolah menjadi responden dalam gerakan penelitiaan ini . pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui pengamatan, pertemuan dan studi arsip. Program supervisi memiliki efek positif dalam mencapai tujuan yang diatur dan selanjutnya menemukan reaksi positif dari guru dan beberapa rencana selanjutnya. Selain itu, penelitian ini memberikan usulan untuk perbaikan program supervisi dalam negeri, terkait dengan manajemen, dan kemungkinan supervisi di lembaga PAUD untuk pemeriksaan kedepannya. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa kegiatan supervisi yang dilakukan di KB Mutiara Hati telah dilakukan secara terorganisir dan diatur secara menyeluruh dengan pengaturan, pelaksanaan, penilaian, dan tindak lanjut. Sikap menyenangkan, terbuka dan demokratis adalah prinsip dalam supervisi ini. Selain itu juga terdapat kepercayaan yang terbuka terhadap kualitas dan pelaksanaan tenaga pengajar di KB Mutiara Hati. Hal inilah yang mendorong Kepala sekolah untuk secara konsisten menilai program-program pembinaan keilmuan dalam menjaga kepercayaan dan meningkatkan kualitas kinerja guru dalam meningkatkan pembelajaran.
IMPLIKASI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DALAM MEREDUKSI KESULITAN MEMBACA
Authors: Arkan Wahyudi 
Published: August 2022

AbstrakAda banyak faktor yang menghambat minat baca seseorang, diantaranya kemajuan teknologi, rasa malas, kurang termotivasi, minimnya dukungan dari keluarga, pengaruh negatif dari teman serta lingkungan yang kurang kondusif. Padahal, diketahui bahwa membaca adalah salah satu keterampilan yang penting untuk menambah wawasan dan meningkatkan kecakapan dalam berbahasa. Oleh sebab itu, ketika timbul inhibitor dalam minat membaca maka dibutuhkan layanan serta strategi yang tepat untuk mengatasi dan meningkatkannya. Layanan yang tepat untuk memotivasi dan merangsang minat siswa dalam membaca yakni program layananan bimbingan dan konseling, sedangkan strategi yang tepat seperti: strategi bawah-atas, strategi atas-bawah, strategi interaktif, strategi KWKL (Know Want to Know Learned) dan strategi DRTA (Directed Reading Thinking Activity). Sehingga bisa menyesuaikan dengan situasi dan kondisi peserta didik dan pada akhirnya siswa akan termotivasi, berminat serta memiliki keterampilan dalam membaca.Kata Kunci: Layanan Bimbingan Konseling; Kesulitan Membaca AbstractThere are many factors that hinder one's reading interest, including technological advances, laziness, lack of motivation, lack of support from family, negative influence from friends and a less conducive environment. In fact, it is known that reading is one of the important skills to broaden insight and improve language proficiency. Therefore, when inhibitors arise in reading interest, the right services and strategies are needed to overcome and improve them. The right services to motivate and stimulate student interest in reading are guidance and counseling service programs, while the right strategies include: bottom-up strategy, top-down strategy, interactive strategy, KWKL strategy (Know Want to Know Learned) and DRTA strategy ( Directed Reading Thinking Activity). So that it can adjust to the situations and conditions of students and in the end students will be motivated, interested and have skills in reading.Keywords: Counseling Guidance Service; Difficulty Reading
Hubungan Antara Kontrol Diri Dan Konformitas Dengan Perilaku Bullying Pada Siswa SMA “X” di Sleman.
Authors: Zain Ahmad Qomarudin 
Published: August 2022

Bullying merupakan perilaku negatif yang mengakibatkan seseorang dalam keadaan tidak nyaman atau terluka dan biasanya terjadi secara berulang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kontrol diri dan konformitas dengan perilaku bullying pada siswa SMA “X” di Sleman. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan skala kontrol diri, skala konformitas dan skala bullying. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 205 siswa di kumpulkan dengan tehnik cluster random sampling. Tehnik analisis data menggunakan korelasi spearman Rho. Berdasarkan uji asumsi normalitas hipotesis mayor dalam penelitian ini tidak bisa dianalisis secara bersama-sama karena tidak memenuhi syarat untuk melakukan analisis statistik parametrik. Berdasarkan hal tersebut penelitian ini menggunakan analisis korelasi spearman rho untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan negatif antara kontrol diri dengan perilaku bullying pada siswa SMA “X” di Sleman, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,325 dan p sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05); ada hubungan positif antara konformitas dengan perilaku bullying pada siswa SMA “X” di Sleman, dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,382 dan p sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05).Kata kunci : kontrol diri, konformitas, bullying pada siswa.
TERAPI BEHAVIOR DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM (Upaya Penanganan Perilaku Maladaptif Remaja Pecandu Game Online)
Authors: Mahdi NK Mahdi 
Published: August 2022

Remaja merupakan tahap kritis yang memerlukan perhatian khusus agar ia terhindar dari perilaku yang menyimpang dan maladaptif yang dapat menimbulkan konflik, pertengkaran, tindak kekerasan dan perilaku antisosial lainnya. Salah satu pemicunya diakibatkan intensitas dan kecanduan mereka memainkan game online. Berbagai hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terapi atau konseling behavioral mampu mengubah perilaku maladaptif seseorang kepada perilaku yang baru. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui konsep terapi behavioral dalam perspektif Islam dan konsep tersebut mampu mengatasi perilaku maladaptif remaja. Kajian ini merupakan hasil studi literatur yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang konsep terapi behavioral dalam pandangan Islam dan implementasinya dalam menangani perilaku maladaptif remaja pecandu game online. Data dalam tulisan ini bersumber dari literatur yang berkaitan dengan tema permasalahan, kemudian dianalisis dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Diketahui bahwa terapi behavioral dalam perspektif Islam disebut juga dengan istilah taubat. Dimana ini merupakan suatu aktivitas perubahan perilaku maladaptif yang dilakukan seorang individu menuju perilaku yang sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Penerapan terapi ini berguna untuk memperoleh tingkah laku baru, penghapusan tingkah laku para remaja yang maladaptif serta memperkuat dan mempertahankan tingkah laku yang diinginkan. Tujuannya adalah memiliki perilaku yang sesuai dengan ajaran Islam agar mencapai kebahagian hidup di dunia dan akhirat. Kata kunci: terapi behavior, perilaku maladaptif, remaja