bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Among ‘Savage and Brutal Nations’: Instructing Identity and Science in the Pacific
Authors: Combe Thomas , Buchan Bruce 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article reads the ‘hints’ provided by the President of the Royal Society Lord Morton to James Cook on his first Pacific voyage in 1768, first to show what they reveal about the contested views of technological advance as an index of progress in European thought in the later eighteenth century and, second, how that connection between technology and progress serves to entrench distinct differences between European and Indigenous identities in the colonial mind. Morton's ‘hints’ served as a kind of script that told the Europeans how to communicate their position as bearers of superior enlightened humanity. They functioned, therefore, as a technology of identity by ordering the behaviour of the European newcomers and curating their perceptions of the Indigenous people they encountered. Although the ‘hints’ were a self‐conscious expression of enlightened sensibilities, they remained a technology for the colonial projection of those sensibilities and for performance of European identity.
Determinants and consequences of student satisfaction in Australian Universities: Evidence from QILT Surveys
Authors: Biswas Kumar , Bose Sudipta , Chang Millicent , Shams Syed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe examine the determinants and consequences of student satisfaction, measured by satisfaction scores reported in the QILT surveys from 2012 to 2017. We find that university‐level profitability determines overall student satisfaction, where a positive relationship exists between student satisfaction and university performance. This association is more pronounced for Group of Eight (Go8) universities and those with higher academic expenditure. These findings have important implications for higher education providers as the Australian Government is contemplating the use of QILT student satisfaction in allocating public funding for higher education.
Impact of CLERP 9 Reforms: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Robinson Peter Michael , Muurlink Olav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRounds of corporate collapse linked to failure of transparency in reporting frequently result in governance reforms aimed at audit processes. The 2004 CLERP 9 reforms in Australia were intended to improve standards of auditor independence and thereby enhance auditing practice in general. This study longitudinally examines three sources of archival evidence in an Australian context, before and after the introduction of the CLERP 9 reforms. It finds little support for any success of the CLERP 9 reforms with respect to auditor independence and questions whether lack of auditor independence is in fact a significant causation factor in audit failure.
Oral targeted therapy dose adaptation in older patients with cancer: A real‐life French cohort
Authors: Carbasse Clément , Leenhardt Fanny , Jacot William , Perrier Caroline , Pinguet Frederic , Viala Marie 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionOral targeted therapies (OTTs) are widely used for cancer management. However, there is no consensus on OTT dose adaptation in older patients with cancer.MethodsThis noninterventional, retrospective study was a real‐life assessment of dose adaptation for six OTTs (afatinib, everolimus, palbociclib, pazopanib, sorafenib and sunitinib), at baseline and during treatment, and the reasons for the changes, in ≥70‐year‐old patients treated between February 2016 and August 2019. Data were compared with univariate models fitted with all variables.ResultsAmong the 986 patients treated with OTT, the group of ≥70‐year‐old patients (n = 122) received afatinib (15.6%), everolimus (14.8%), palbociclib (50.8%), pazopanib (9.8%), sorafenib (5.8%) or sunitinib (3.2%). At baseline, the prescribed OTT dose was adapted (reduction) in 29% of ≥70‐year‐old patients (35/122). These 35 patients were significantly older (mean age 80 vs 74 years, P < .001), and more frequently had a performance status score ≥2 (P < .01) than the other patients (n = 87). In the standard dose group, higher toxicity grades (P = .18) and subsequent dose reduction (41% of patients, 36/87) tended to be more frequent compared with the baseline adapted dose group (26%, 9/35, P = .1). At the study end, 53% of patients in the whole cohort (65/122) were taking a lower dose than the recommended one.ConclusionAt OTT initiation, dose was adapted in 29% of older adults with cancer, rarely after a formal oncogeriatric evaluation (6.5% of all patients). In the absence of recommendations, clinical studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of baseline OTT dose reduction in older adults with cancer.
Natural and cyclical unemployment: A stochastic frontier decomposition and economic policy implications
Authors: Martín‐Román Ángel L. , Cuéllar‐Martín Jaime , Moral Alfonso 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work splits effective unemployment into two components: natural unemployment, and cyclical unemployment. For that purpose, an estimation of the stochastic cost frontier is performed. The study is focused on the 17 autonomous communities in Spain over the period 1982–2012. Results evidence greater importance of the natural component as the principal determinant of effective unemployment. When comparing these results with those obtained applying univariate filters, the distribution in the components of the effective unemployment changes, increasing the importance of cyclical unemployment. This result indicates that the policymakers should have a greater power to implement aggregate demand policies.
The glue that keeps everybody together: Peer support in mothers of young children with special health care needs
Authors: Dodds Robin L. , Walch Tanis J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe first years following diagnosis may be particularly challenging for parents and peer support from other parents of children with special health care needs may buffer their stress.MethodsThis qualitative interview study sought to explore the impact of early access to parental peer support and whether it leads to positive adaptation and improved family well‐being.ResultsFive mothers of young children with special health care needs from peer support organizations in two northern US states participated in interviews by telephone or Zoom. Themes of interest included professional scrutiny, going through the motions, someone who understands, learning and sharing, and one size does not fit all. Although most participants attributed positive changes in their emotional well‐being to the support they received, they were wary of extending the impact of peer support to their child and family.ConclusionsImplications for practice include embedding peer support programmes in neonatal care units and children's hospitals, as well as the addition of mindfulness practices to facilitate parental adaptation to disability and promote family well‐being.
Addressing image and Poisson noise deconvolution problem using deep learning approaches
Authors: Syed Mohammad Haider , Upreti Kamal , Nasir Mohammad Shahnawaz , Alam Mohammad Shabbir , Kumar Sharma Arvind 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDigital images are more important in numerous contemporary applications, and the need for images in the technical field is also increasing drastically. It is used to recognize signatures and faces in many industries and is applicable for intelligent departments. The images are usually associated with the noise content; this may happen due to the instrument imperfections, troubleshooting while collecting data from the acquisition process, and another natural phenomenon. Poisson noise, also known as photon noise, is caused in the images due to the statistical essence of electromagnetic waves. X‐ray, visible light, and gamma rays are electromagnetic waves. The enhancement of the convolution model in addressing images is challenging due to the various constituents such as optical aberrations, noise level, and optical setup. The modeling configuration of the image is attained using the point spread function (PSF), which is responsible for the system's impulse response. The quality image is retrieved by denoising and super‐resolution (SR) methods; these methods simultaneously eliminate the noise content from the images. A Richardson–Lucy and alternating direction method of multipliers type of non‐blind iterative algorithmic approaches associated with the PSF performance in addressing image is comparatively analyzed. The deep learning approach, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), is also employed to understand the nonlinear mapping relationship between the observed data and ground reality. The performance of the various network approaches is compared in this article. The result obtained shows that the deep learning CNNs achieved higher accuracy in producing denoising images. The goal of the proposed system model is to remove the interference noise in images. The high‐resolution images are obtained by implementing a SR‐based CNN model.
Combined per‐capita and abundance effects of an invasive species on native invertebrate diversity and a key ecosystem process
Authors: Carvalho Francisco , Pascoal Cláudia , Cássio Fernanda , Teixeira Amílcar , Sousa Ronaldo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Invasive alien species (IAS) are leading to the homogenisation of taxonomic and functional biodiversity, with negative consequences for key ecosystem processes in fresh water. Invasive signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is expected to disrupt detritus‐based food webs by affecting leaf breakdown and/or by decreasing invertebrate density and diversity through predation. The combination of per‐capita and abundance effects of P. leniusculus in invaded ecosystems is still largely unknown.

A four‐week field experiment was established in Rabaçal and Tuela Rivers (NE Portugal) to assess effects of P. leniusculus on invertebrate taxonomic and functional diversity and leaf litter breakdown following a gradient of invasion. We controlled the presence and absence of crayfish by placing the animals and leaf litter inside cages at six sites (three sites per river) according to the crayfish in situ abundance (absent, low, high). Cages were covered with coarse‐ or fine‐mesh net to allow or prevent invertebrates from accessing the leaves.

Results showed that higher crayfish in situ abundance led to a decrease in abundance, richness and Shannon diversity of invertebrates and to changes in the communities’ structures. Higher crayfish abundance led also to a decrease in invertebrate functional redundancy and an increase in the percentage of invertebrate taxa with resistance forms. Leaf litter breakdown increased with crayfish presence and decreased at sites with higher crayfish abundance.

Overall, signal crayfish changed the community structure of invertebrates, with potential severe long‐term effects on native communities and leaf litter breakdown. Given the widespread distribution of signal crayfish (and other crayfish species), their ecological impacts should be assessed carefully, especially in pristine freshwater ecosystems such as those described here.
Magnetic biochar affects the metabolic pathway in methanogenesis of anaerobic digestion of food waste
Authors: Gao Mingxue , Du Pufang , Zhi Boyao , Liu Le , Song Yanling , Xiang Shumin , Dai Zhixiong , Yang Gaihe , Wang Xiaojiao , Feng Yongzhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo alleviate pollution and promote clean energy production, food waste can be used to produce methane through anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, wheat straw was used to produce biochar (BC) and magnetic biochar (MB) as additives for AD of food waste. MB2.5% and BC2.5% led to the highest methane production. The main action mechanism of the additives in AD was the change in environmental factors upon stimulating microorganisms to rapidly metabolize volatile fatty acids. The stimulation of microbial function increased the abundance of the methanogenesis pathways. Methanosarcina was the most dominant archaea in the four methanogenesis modules, and the microbial community changed more clearly with time than with treatment. This study is innovative in finding the effectiveness of BC and MB treatments attributed to the abundance of methanogenesis modules, especially MB2.5% treatment retained its advantage until the later stage of digestion in AD process.
Social reproduction and gender beliefs of ethnic minority women
Authors: Arifeen Shehla R. , Syed Jawad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResearch suggests that ethnic minority women in employment negotiate more than one culture and grapple with beliefs that stem from a bi‐cultural experience. Research also contends that gender is at the center of social reproduction and the production of labor and social reproduction is invariably linked. However, how is social reproduction at work, and how gender beliefs influence social reproduction and work‐life choices amongst highly educated, employed, second‐generation ethnic minority women, deserves in‐depth attention. Contributing to the intersection of social reproduction and diversity research, the present paper offers two life stories of highly educated second‐generation British Pakistani women and examines in‐depth the role of two cultures on gender beliefs and the influence of those gender beliefs on social reproduction and work‐life choices. Drawing on Ridgeway and Correll's (2004) work on gender beliefs, we extend their work by focusing on two cultures (the host country and the country of ethnic origin). While the literature has generally focused on issues of social reproduction across generations, our study also takes into account the contours of social reproduction across cultures. Our findings reveal the mechanisms of social reproduction, the push and pull of two cultures in the creation of gender beliefs within one person, the fluidity and fixity of gender beliefs, and the ways these are negotiated while the individual contributes toward social reproduction and makes work‐life choices.
The endocannabinoid system and related lipids as potential targets for the treatment of migraine‐related pain
Authors: Greco Rosaria , Demartini Chiara , Zanaboni Anna Maria , Francavilla Miriam , De Icco Roberto , Ahmad Lara , Tassorelli Cristina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMigraine is a complex and highly disabling neurological disease whose treatment remains challenging in many patients, even after the recent advent of the first specific‐preventive drugs, namely monoclonal antibodies that target calcitonin gene‐related peptide. For this reason, headache researchers are actively searching for new therapeutic targets. Cannabis has been proposed for migraine treatment, but controlled clinical studies are lacking. A major advance in cannabinoid research has been the discovery of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which consists of receptors CB1 and CB2; their endogenous ligands, such as N‐arachidonoylethanolamine; and the enzymes that catalyze endocannabinoid biosynthesis or degradation. Preclinical and clinical findings suggest a possible role for endocannabinoids and related lipids, such as palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in migraine‐related pain treatment. In animal models of migraine‐related pain, endocannabinoid tone modulation via inhibition of endocannabinoid‐catabolizing enzymes has been a particular focus of research.MethodsTo conduct a narrative review of available data on the possible effects of cannabis, endocannabinoids, and other lipids in migraine‐related pain, relevant key words were used to search the PubMed/MEDLINE database for basic and clinical studies.ResultsEndocannabinoids and PEA seem to reduce trigeminal nociception by interacting with many pathways associated with migraine, suggesting a potential synergistic or similar effect.ConclusionsModulation of the metabolic pathways of the ECS may be a basis for new migraine treatments. The multiplicity of options and the wealth of data already obtained in animal models underscore the importance of further advancing research in this area. Multiple molecules related to the ECS or to allosteric modulation of CB1 receptors have emerged as potential therapeutic targets in migraine‐related pain. The complexity of the ECS calls for accurate biochemical and pharmacological characterization of any new compounds undergoing testing and development.
Limited impact of erectile function on health‐related quality of life in Japanese men undergoing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Tamura Keita , Matsushita Yuto , Watanabe Hiromitsu , Motoyama Daisuke , Ito Toshiki , Sugiyama Takayuki , Otsuka Atsushi , Miyake Hideaki 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of erectile function on health‐related quality of life in Japanese prostate cancer patients following robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.MethodsTime‐dependent changes in erectile function and health‐related quality of life were assessed using the erection hardness score and Medical Outcomes Study 8‐Item Short Form Health Survey, respectively, in 229 consecutive Japanese patients undergoing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. In this series, patients with erection hardness score ≥2 were considered to those having a certain erectile function.ResultsAmong the 229 patients examined, erection hardness score ≥2 was observed in 134 (58.5%) and 34 (14.9%) before and 12 months after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy, respectively. Prior to robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy, all eight scale scores of 8‐Item Short Form Health Survey were significantly superior in patients with erection hardness score ≥2 than in those with erection hardness score = 0 or 1. However, significant differences were observed in two scale scores between patients with erection hardness score ≥2 and those with erection hardness score = 0 or 1 at 12 months after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. Furthermore, among patients with erection hardness score ≥2 before robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy, no significant differences were noted in any of the eight scale scores between patients with erection hardness score ≥2 and erection hardness score = 0 or 1 at 12 months after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.ConclusionThese findings suggest the limited impact of erectile function on postoperative health‐related quality of life in Japanese patients undergoing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy.
Incidence and seroprevalence of seasonal influenza a viruses in Egypt: Results of a community‐based cohort study
Authors: Gomaa Mokhtar R. , Badra Rebecca , El Rifay Amira S. , Kandeil Ahmed , Kamel Mina N. , Abo Shama Noura M. , El‐Shesheny Rabeh , Barakat Ahmed B. , Ali Mohamed A. , Kayali Ghazi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundH1N1 and H3N2 influenza A viruses circulate in people as seasonal influenza viruses. Data on influenza infection rates and circulation in demographic subpopulations in Egypt are limited. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence and seroprevalence of seasonal influenza A virus infections in a cohort of rural Egyptians between 2017 and 2020.MethodsA total of 2383 subjects were enrolled from 390 households in five study sites in Northern Egypt. Informed consents were obtained. Sera were collected from participants on an annual basis (Baseline: 2016–2017, Follow up 1: 2017–2018, Follow up 2: 2018–2019, and Follow up 3: 2019–2020) to determine seroprevalence of antibodies against H1N1 and H3N2 viruses by hemagglutination inhibition assay and to estimate incidence based on seroconversion.ResultsSeropositivity against H1N1 was over 40% and over 60% against H3N2. The high seroprevalence was due to natural infection because participants were mostly unvaccinated. Seropositive participants were younger than seronegative participants indicating that the infection rate is higher in children. Incidence of both viruses ranged from 4% to 28% depending on study year. The incidence and seroprevalence of H3N2 and H1N1 infections at Follow up 1, 2, and 3 showed an increase at Follow up 2 observed for all age categories corresponding to season 2018–2019, at which the vaccine efficacy was the lowest worldwide compared with preceding and following seasons.ConclusionsThis cohort study provided estimates of influenza A infection rates among rural Egyptians. We recommend updating influenza vaccination programs to focus on such populations.
Optimization of the microwave absorption properties of FeSiCr@Fe2O3 core‐shell nanoparticles by controlling the thickness and crystallinity of Fe2O3 shell
Authors: Wang Lei , Long Fenglan , Chen Yang , Xiong Houdong , Rehman Sajjad Ur , Chang Jinhao , Zhong Zhenchen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFe2O3‐coated FeSiCr(FeSiCr@Fe2O3) nanoparticles were prepared by plasma arc discharge method and oxidation heat treatment process, and the crystallinity of Fe2O3 was improved by vacuum heat treatment. By adjusting the oxidation temperature, Fe2O3 shell layer is formed on the surface of FeSiCr nanoparticles. The thickness of the Fe2O3 shell layer increases with the increase of oxidation temperature. The complex permittivity () and complex permeability () show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the oxidation temperature is 125°C, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of FeSiCr@Fe2O3 nanoparticles is calculated to be −23.7 dB at 11.2 Ghz (d = 2.2 mm). With the increase of the temperature of vacuum heat treatment, the crystallinity of Fe2O3 shell keeps increasing. The real and imaginary values ( and ) of the complex permittivity of FeSiCr@Fe2O3 nanoparticle increase with the increase of the crystallinity of Fe2O3 shell, and the basically remains unchanged. When the vacuum heat treatment temperature is 150°C, the FeSiCr@Fe2O3 nanoparticle obtains RLmin of −49.9 dB at 15.9 Ghz (d = 1.7 mm). And the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth within 1‐18 GHz (RL ≤ −10 dB) is 5.9 GHz. The improved microwave performance is due to the interface polarization of the core‐shell structure, and the synergistic effect between FeSiCr and Fe2O3 also helps to balance the electromagnetic parameters.