bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Diffusion‐Tensor Imaging Evidence for Trans‐Synaptic Axonal Degeneration in Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy Due to Thyroid‐Associated Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Liu Ping , Luo Ban , Chen Lang , Wang Qiu‐Xia , Zhai Lin‐Han , Wu Hong‐Yu , Zhao Ya‐Li , Yuan Gang , Jiang Gui‐Hua , Zhang Jing 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe mechanism driving dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is unclear. Diffusion‐tensor imaging (DTI) allows for noninvasively assessing the microstructure of the entire visual pathway and may facilitate a better understanding of the mechanism of DON.PurposeTo assess microstructural changes of the whole visual pathway and to investigate the potential mechanism of trans‐synaptic damage（TSD） pathogenesis in DON with DTI.Study TypeCross‐sectional.PopulationSixty‐four patients with bilateral thyroid‐associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), 30 with and 34 without DON, and 30 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs).Field Strength/Sequence3 T/DTI (A single‐shot diffusion‐weighted echo‐planar imaging sequence).AssessmentDifferences in DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) in each segment (optic nerve, tract, and radiation) of the entire visual pathway among the groups were compared. The parameters of visual evoked potentials (VEPs), visual field tests, and mean retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) thickness on optical coherence tomography were also compared across patients.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐test, chi‐square test; ANOVA with post‐hoc testing, interclass correlation coefficient, and correlation analysis. Significance level: P < 0.05.ResultsTAO patients with DON showed significantly reduced mRNFL thickness and abnormal VEPs. There was a tendency for gradually reduced FA and AD, and increased RD and MD from HCs, with non‐DON to with DON in optic nerve and tract, statistically. For radiation, the RD and MD showed statistical increase, the AD and FA just showed numerical decrease (P = 0.119 and 0.059, respectively). For DON, the FA and MD of visual pathway segments showed correlations with abnormal VEPs.Data ConclusionDTI may be a useful tool for detecting microstructural changes in the entire visual pathway in DON. The changes in RNFL thickness and DTI parameters suggested TSD as a potential pathogenic mechanism of DON.Evidence Level: 4Technical Efficacy: Stage 5
Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient With Proliferation and Apoptotic Indexes in a Murine Model of Fibrosarcoma: Comparison of Four Methods for MRI Region of Interest Positioning
Authors: Yang Yanyu , Fang Shaobo , Tao Juan , Liu Yajie , Wang Chunjie , Yin Zhenzhen , Chen Bo , Duan Zhiqing , Liu Wenyu , Wang Shaowu 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDiffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) has demonstrated great potential in predicting the expression of tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes.PurposeTo evaluate the impact of four region of interest (ROI) methods on interobserver variability and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and to examine the correlation of ADC values with Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, and P53 labeling indexes (LIs) in a murine model of fibrosarcoma.Study TypeProspective, animal model.Animal ModelA total of 22 female BALB/c mice bearing intramuscular fibrosarcoma xenografts.Field Strength/SequenceA 3.0 T/T1‐weighted fast spin‐echo (FSE), T2‐weighted fast relaxation fast spin‐echo, and DWI PROPELLER FSE sequences.AssessmentFour radiologists measured ADC values using four ROI methods (oval, freehand, small‐sample, and whole‐volume). Immunohistochemical assessment of Ki‐67, Bcl‐2, and P53 LIs was performed.Statistical TestsInterclass correlation coefficient (ICC), one‐way analysis of variance followed by LSD‐t post hoc analysis, and Pearson correlation test were performed. The statistical threshold was defined as a P‐value of <0.05.ResultsAll ROI methods for ADC measurements showed excellent interobserver agreement (ICC range, 0.832–0.986). The ADC values demonstrated significant differences among the four ROI methods. The ADC values for oval, freehand, small‐sample, and whole‐volume ROI methods showed a moderately negative correlation with Ki‐67 (r = −0.623; r = −0.629; r = −0.642, and r = −0.431) and Bcl‐2 (r = −0.590; r = −0.597; r = −0.659, and r = −0.425) LIs, but no correlation with P53 LI (r = 0.364, P = 0.104; r = 0.350, P = 0.120; r = 0.379, P = 0.091; r = 0.390, P = 0.080).Data ConclusionThe ADC value can be used to evaluate cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes in a murine model of fibrosarcoma, employing the small‐sample ROI as a reliable method.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 3
Vortex‐assisted dispersive solid‐phase microextraction of ondansetron and domperidone using carbonized cockle shell modified with nitrogen and sulfur‐doped carbon dots as a bio‐based sorbent
Authors: Khezeli Tahere , Daneshfar Ali 
Published: July 2022

Herein, for the first time, the wasted cockle shells were modified with nitrogen and sulfur‐doped carbon dots after carbonization and used as a suitable bio‐based sorbent for the extraction of two important antiemetic drugs named ondansetron and domperidone. The extraction and separation were performed based on vortex‐assisted dispersive solid‐phase microextraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Various techniques such as Fourier‐transform infrared, fluorescence, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption‐desorption analysis, X‐ray powder diffraction, and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize the chemical composition of prepared sorbent. After examining the factors affecting the extraction efficiency and access to the optimal points using the response surface methodology, the linearity was in the range of 5–350 μg/L with acceptable coefficients of determination (R2 > 0.993). The limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 1.5–2.3 and 4.9–7.1 μg/L, respectively. In the end, the proposed method was applied for the quantitative determination of trace levels of target analytes from pharmaceutical tablets, serum, and urine samples. The recoveries were more than 95.2%, indicating the proposed method's excellent accuracy.
Identifying and predicting posttraumatic stress symptom states in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Howe Esther S. , Fisher Aaron J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBetween‐person heterogeneity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well established. Within‐person analyses and the DSM‐5 suggest that heterogeneity may also be evident within individuals across time as they move through social contexts and biological cycles. Modeling within‐person symptom‐level fluctuations may confirm such heterogeneity, elucidate mechanisms of disorder maintenance, and inform time‐ and person‐specific interventions. The present study aimed to identify and predict discrete within‐person disorder presentations, or symptom states, and explore group‐level patterns of these states. Adults (N = 20, 60.0% male, M age = 38.25 years) with PTSD responded to symptom surveys four times per day for 30 days. We subjected each individual's dataset to Gaussian finite mixture modeling (GFMM) to uncover latent, within‐person classes of symptom levels (i.e., states) and predicted those states with idiographic elastic net regularized regression using a set of time‐based and behavioral predictors. Next, we conducted a GFMM of the within‐person GFMM outputs and tested idiographic prediction models of these states. Multiple within‐person states were revealed for 19 of 20 participants (Mdn = 4; 66 for the full sample). Prediction models were moderately successful, M AUC = .66 (d = 0.58), range: .50–1.00. The GFMM of the within‐person model outputs revealed two states: one with above‐average and one with below‐average symptom levels. Prediction models were, again, moderately successful, M AUC = .66; range: .50–.89. The findings provide evidence for within‐person heterogeneity of PTSD as well as between‐person similarities and suggest that future work should incorporate additional contextual variables as symptom state predictors.
Performance of the artificial urinary sphincter implantation in men with urinary incontinence: Results from a contemporary long‐term real‐world nationwide analysis
Authors: Plata Mauricio , Zuluaga Laura , Santander Jessica , Salazar Milton , Castaño Juan Carlos , Benavides‐MartÍnez Johana A. , Garzón Diana L. , Schlesinger Ricardo , Serrano Brigitte , Echeverry Mariana , Silva José M. , Varela Daniela , Carvajal Alejandro , Azuero Julián 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeThe artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) is one of the most effective surgical treatments for male urinary incontinence regardless of its severity. Current knowledge comes from high‐volume centers, but little is known about the performance of this surgery from community practices. This study aims to report contemporary AUS performance in a nationwide observational study in Colombia.MethodsMale patients who underwent AUS surgery with AMS 800™ between 2000 and 2020 in more than 17 centers and four cities were identified. Pre, intra, and postoperative characteristics were evaluated, mainly addressing patient reported outcomes measurements in the postoperative period. Retrospective and prospective data collection and descriptive analysis were completed. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was used to determine AUS survival rate.ResultsOut of an initial 667 cases, a total of 215 patients met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included. Mean age was 67 ± 9.4 years, and mean follow‐up was 6.0 ± 4.4 years with maximum range of 14 years. The etiology of urinary incontinence was prostate cancer surgery in 141 (81%) of the cases. The rest of the cases were related to benign prostatic disease or spinal cord injury. It is noteworthy that out of 115 patients, only 59 (51.3%) reported previous formal pelvic floor rehabilitation. Subjective severity of urinary incontinence determined by a visual analog scale showed a decrease in 4.5 points after sphincter implantation. Sphincter removal was required in 50 (23.2%) cases. The main reasons for implant removal were urethral erosion and infection. The sphincter survival rate at 2, 5, 8, 10, and 14 years was 76%, 70%, 60%, 57%, and 17%, respectively. Of the subjects at the last follow‐up with the device still in place, 80.7% defined their urinary condition as “does not cause or causes minor discomfort,” and 99% would recommend the device to a friend or relative in the same condition.ConclusionsThis series from a community‐based practice shows the lack of adherence to clinical practice guidelines and the lack of standardized data collection. In contrast, this study provides real‐world data on explantation and revision rates, allows physicians to inform patients and to have clear metrics for a shared decision‐making process before the procedure.
Relationship among psychotic features, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, and rehospitalization in patients with electroconvulsive therapy‐responsive major depressive disorder: A retrospective 2‐year observational study
Authors: Umakoshi Akise , Takeshima Masahiro , Itoh Yu , Yamamoto Mari , Shibata Nana , Ogasawara Masaya , Ayabe Naoko , Mishima Kazuo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimIt is controversial whether psychotic features are a risk factor for relapse in patients with electroconvulsive therapy‐responsive major depressive disorder. A recent study reported that benzodiazepine receptor agonists reduce relapse of psychotic depression. As long‐term use of these agonists may induce dependence, further research is required. We examined whether psychotic features are associated with rehospitalization in electroconvulsive therapy‐responsive major depressive disorder patients. We also investigated whether taking benzodiazepine receptor agonists at the end of electro‐convulsive therapy was associated with rehospitalization among patients with psychotic depression.MethodsThis study included 47 hospitalized patients (22 with psychotic depression, 25 with non‐psychotic depression) who had responded to electroconvulsive therapy. Rehospitalization for major depressive episodes within two years from the last session was investigated.ResultsTwenty‐three subjects (49%) were rehospitalized during the two‐year follow‐up. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed no difference in rehospitalization between patients with psychotic and non‐psychotic depression (Log‐rank P = 0.87). Among the 22 responders to electroconvulsive therapy with psychotic depression, there was no difference in benzodiazepine receptor agonist use at the end of electroconvulsive therapy between the rehospitalization and non‐rehospitalization groups.ConclusionOur exploratory study found no difference in the benzodiazepine receptor agonists use at the end of electroconvulsive therapy between rehospitalization and non‐rehospitalization groups in patients with electroconvulsive therapy‐responsive psychotic depression. Thus, the relapse‐preventing effect of these agonists in psychotic depression should be investigated in future randomized controlled trials. Further research is also needed to determine whether psychotic features are associated with rehospitalization in these patients.
Self‐lubrication and tribological properties ofSBA‐15 as smart microcontainer and resin composites
Authors: Sun Yiming , Ren Yilong , Zhu Lina , Si Lina , Kang Jiajie , Xie Guoxin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, we showed that the mesoporous molecular sieve SBA‐15 could be used as an oil storage smart microcontainer to adsorb PAO6 oils and is prepared as an oil‐containing molecular sieve SBA‐15O, the compositing of SBA‐15O with unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) can significantly improve the lubrication properties of UPR. The oil‐containing molecular sieve SBA‐15O was prepared by vacuum impregnation and compounded into the UPR. The lubricating effect of different SBA‐15O contents on the UPR was investigated. As compared with the UPR, the coefficient of friction (COF) of the 10%SBA‐15O/UPR could be reduced to 10% of that without SBA‐15O, and the wear rate by three orders of magnitude. The results show that the improvement of lubricating performance is related to the release of lubricating oil from the microcontainer to the surface to produce a lubricating oil film during friction, thereby enhancing the self‐lubricating performance of the composite material.
Fingolimod effects on the brain are mediated through biochemical modulation of bioenergetics, autophagy, and neuroinflammatory networks
Authors: Mirzaei Mehdi , Abyadeh Morteza , Turner Anita J. , Wall Roshana Vander , Chick Joel M. , Paulo Joao A. , Gupta Veer K. , Basavarajappa Devaraj , Chitranshi Nitin , Mirshahvaladi Seyed Shahab Oddin , You Yuyi , Fitzhenry Matthew J. , Amirkhani Ardeshir , Haynes Paul A. , Klistorner Alexander , Gupta Vivek , Graham Stuart L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFingolimod (FTY720) is an oral drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for management of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms, which has also shown beneficial effects against Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases pathologies. Although an extensive effort has been made to identify mechanisms underpinning its therapeutic effects, much remains unknown. Here, we investigated Fingolimod induced proteome changes in the cerebellum (CB) and frontal cortex (FC) regions of the brain which are known to be severely affected in MS, using a tandem mass tag (TMT) isobaric labeling‐based quantitative mass‐spectrometric approach to investigate the mechanism of action of Fingolimod. This study identified 6749 and 6319 proteins in CB and FC, respectively, and returned 2609 and 3086 differentially expressed proteins in mouse CB and FC, respectively, between Fingolimod treated and control groups. Subsequent bioinformatics analyses indicated a metabolic reprogramming in both brain regions of the Fingolimod treated group, where oxidative phosphorylation was upregulated while glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway were downregulated. In addition, modulation of neuroinflammation in the Fingolimod treated group was indicated by upregulation of retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and autophagy pathways, and downregulation of neuroinflammation related pathways including neutrophil degranulation and the IL‐12 mediated signaling pathway. Our findings suggest that Fingolimod may exert its protective effects on the brain by inducing metabolic reprogramming and neuroinflammation pathway modulation.
Optional strategies for low‐risk and non‐risk applications of fungal pesticides to avoid solar ultraviolet damage
Authors: Yu Lei , Xu Si‐Yuan , Tong Sen‐Miao , Ying Sheng‐Hua , Feng Ming‐Guang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSolar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is harmful to formulated conidia as active ingredients of fungal pesticides and hence restrains their field application in sunny days of summer, a season requiring frequent pest controls. This conflict makes it necessary to explore optimal strategies for the application of fungal pesticides to suppress pest populations but avoid solar UV damage during summer.RESULTSThe conidia of Beauveria bassiana, a wide‐spectrum fungal pesticide, were tolerable to UVB (major solar UV wavelengths) damage of ≤0.5 J cm−2. The damage of this upper limit caused a loss of conidial viability and infectivity if not photoreactivated by light exposure after irradiation. Intriguingly, the light exposure resulted in a high photoreactivation rate of UVB‐inactivated conidia and an insignificant or marginal difference in insecticidal activity between normal conidia and those photoreactivated. Modeling analysis of solar UVB intensity recorded hourly over the daylight of five sunny summer days from 5:00 am to 7:00 pm at 30° 17′57′′ N and 120°5′7′′ E revealed a variation of daily accumulated UVB dose from 2.07 to 2.78 J cm−2, which was far beyond the upper limit. A more tolerable dose of ~0.2 J cm−2 appeared between 3:00 pm and 5:00 pm, and no harmful dose accumulated between 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm.CONCLUSIONFungal UVB tolerance, fungal photoreactivation capability and the daily accumulation pattern of solar UV irradiation are based to propose an optional strategy for low‐risk or non‐risk application of fungal pesticides after 3:00 or 5:00 pm during summer. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Soft Template‐Based Synthesis of Mesoporous Phosphorus‐ and Boron‐Codoped NiFe‐Based Alloys for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kang Yunqing , Guo Yanna , Zhao Jingjing , Jiang Bo , Guo Jingru , Tang Yi , Li Hexing , Malgras Victor , Amin Mohammed A. , Nara Hiroki , Sugahara Yoshiyuki , Yamauchi Yusuke , Asahi Toru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractControlling the morphology, composition, and crystalline phase of mesoporous nonnoble metal catalysts is essential for improving their performance. Herein, well‐defined P‐ and B‐codoped NiFe alloy mesoporous nanospheres (NiFeB‐P MNs) with an adjustable Ni/Fe ratio and large mesopores (11 nm) are synthesized via soft‐template‐based chemical reduction and a subsequent phosphine‐vapor‐based phosphidation process. Earth‐abundant NiFe‐based materials are considered promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) because of their low cost and high intrinsic catalytic activity. The resulting NiFeB‐P MNs exhibit a low OER overpotential of 252 mV at 10 mA cm−2, which is significantly smaller than that of B‐doped NiFe MNs (274 mV) and commercial RuO2 (269 mV) in alkaline electrolytes. Thus, this work highlights the practicality of designing mesoporous nonnoble metal structures and the importance of incorporating P in metallic‐B‐based alloys to modify their electronic structure for enhancing their intrinsic activity.
Competing‐risks model for pre‐eclampsia and adverse pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Syngelaki A. , Magee L. A. , von Dadelszen P. , Akolekar R. , Wright A. , Wright D. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe competing‐risks model for assessment of risk for pre‐eclampsia (PE) at 35–37 weeks' gestation identifies the majority of women who are at high risk of subsequent delivery with PE. We aimed to examine the incidence and relative risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patient groups stratified according to the estimated risk of delivery with PE.MethodsThis was a prospective non‐interventional, observational study in women with a singleton pregnancy attending for a routine hospital visit at 35 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. The risk of delivery with PE for each patient in the study population was estimated using the competing‐risks model, combining the prior distribution of gestational age at delivery with PE and the likelihood from multiples of the median values of mean arterial pressure, placental growth factor and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1. The patients were assigned to one of the following five risk categories: Group A, ≥ 1 in 2; Group B, 1 in 5 to 1 in 3; Group C, 1 in 20 to 1 in 6; Group D, 1 in 50 to 1 in 21; and Group E, < 1 in 50. The outcome measures were delivery with PE, gestational hypertension (GH), small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) at birth, delivery by Cesarean section, stillbirth, neonatal death, perinatal death and admission to the neonatal unit (NNU) for at least 48 h. In each risk category, the proportion of women with each adverse outcome was determined and relative risks (RR) were calculated as compared with the lowest‐risk Group E.ResultsIn the study population of 29 035 women, 1.6%, 2.7%, 8.2%, 9.8% and 77.8% were categorized into Groups A, B, C, D and E, respectively. Compared with women in Group E, women in the higher‐risk groups were more likely to have an adverse outcome. The RR of delivery with PE in Group A compared with Group E was 65.5 (95% CI, 54.1–79.1) and the respective values were 11.9 (95% CI, 9.1–15.5) for GH, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.5–2.1) for delivery by emergency Cesarean section, 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2–1.8) for delivery by elective Cesarean section, 8.9 (95% CI, 7.4–10.8) for SGA with birth weight < 3rd percentile, 4.8 (95% CI, 4.3–5.4) for SGA with birth weight < 10th percentile, 5.3 (95% CI, 1.4–20.5) for stillbirth and 3.4 (95% CI, 2.8–4.2) for NNU admission for ≥ 48 h. The RR for these pregnancy complications in higher‐risk groups (vs Group E) was particularly high for cases with delivery within 2 weeks after assessment. In terms of SGA, both for birth weight < 10th and < 3rd percentiles, the trend in all cases was stronger than that observed when the analysis was confined to normotensive pregnancies. The rates of neonatal death were too small to allow meaningful comparisons between risk groups.ConclusionPregnant women identified by the competing‐risks model to be at high risk of PE are also at increased risk of GH, Cesarean section, stillbirth, SGA and NNU admission for ≥ 48 h. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.