bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A complicated case of terminal ileitis post-COVID-19 infection requiring bowel resection
Authors: Tong Chai Wei , Jiwane Ashish 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been reports of children developing systemic hyperinflammatory response to COVID-19 infection, known as Paediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally associated with SARS-COV-2 (PIMS-TS). Here we would like to discuss a case of a 15-year-old male with PIMS-TS presenting as complicated terminal ileitis, requiring ileocaecal resection. Histopathologic findings of the ileocaecal specimen revealed thickened bowel mucosa, with features of granulomatous inflammation similar to Crohn’s disease, without features of intestinal vasculitis or viral particles. His post-operative course was complicated by fresh rectal bleeding, requiring urgent blood transfusion and endoscopy. Source of bleeding was not identified and his bleeding self-resolved. Gut biopsies of the remaining bowel taken during endoscopy were normal. Although this case suggests that the inflammatory process is focal to the terminal ileum with a good short-term prognosis, further follow-up is required to assess for long-term effects and risks of bowel disease.
Machine learning methods to estimate observational properties of galaxy clusters in large volume cosmological N-body simulations
Authors: de Andres Daniel , Yepes Gustavo , Sembolini Federico , Martínez-Muñoz Gonzalo , Cui Weiguang , Robledo Francisco , Chuang Chia-Hsun , Rasia Elena 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we study the applicability of a set of supervised machine learning (ML) models specifically trained to infer observed related properties of the baryonic component (stars and gas) from a set of features of dark matter (DM)-only cluster-size haloes. The training set is built from the three hundred project that consists of a series of zoomed hydrodynamical simulations of cluster-size regions extracted from the 1 Gpc volume MultiDark DM-only simulation (MDPL2). We use as target variables a set of baryonic properties for the intracluster gas and stars derived from the hydrodynamical simulations and correlate them with the properties of the DM haloes from the MDPL2 N-body simulation. The different ML models are trained from this data base and subsequently used to infer the same baryonic properties for the whole range of cluster-size haloes identified in the MDPL2. We also test the robustness of the predictions of the models against mass resolution of the DM haloes and conclude that their inferred baryonic properties are rather insensitive to their DM properties that are resolved with almost an order of magnitude smaller number of particles. We conclude that the ML models presented in this paper can be used as an accurate and computationally efficient tool for populating cluster-size haloes with observational related baryonic properties in large volume N-body simulations making them more valuable for comparison with full sky galaxy cluster surveys at different wavelengths. We make the best ML trained model publicly available.
Optical and X-ray follow-up to a globular cluster ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 4472
Authors: Athukoralalage Wasundara Ranhari , Dage Kristen C , Zepf Stephen E , Bahramian Arash , Cackett Edward M , Kundu Arunav , Maccarone Thomas J 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
NGC 4472 is home to five ultraluminous X-ray sources hosted by globular clusters. These sources have been suggested as good black hole candidates in extragalactic globular clusters—a highly sought after population that may provide observational information regarding the progenitors of merging black hole binaries. In this body of work, we present X-ray and optical follow-up to one of these sources, CXOUJ1229410+075744 (GCU1). We find no evidence of [OIII] optical emission in GCU1 which indicates a lack of significant evidence for super-Eddington outflows, unlike what is seen in a handful of ULXs in extragalactic GCs. X-ray monitoring from 2019 to 2021 shows no detected X-ray emission above a few × 1038 erg/s. Comparisons of the multiwavelength properties to disc-dominated, near Eddington Galactic black hole low-mass X-ray binaries (GRS 1915+105 and XTEJ1817-330) suggests that GCU1 may show similar behaviour to GRS 1915+105 in terms of X-ray variability and similar relationships between LX and kT, with GCU1 showing maximum X-ray luminosities on order of higher magnitude.
Rotational spectra of interstellar N- and CN-PAHs: pyrene and coronene
Authors: Vats Akant , Pathak Amit 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The detection of benzonitrile (C6H5CN), 1- and 2-cyano-naphthalene (C10H7CN) in the cold, dark molecular cloud TMC-1 at centimetre (cm) wavelengths has opened up prospects for the detection of other N- and CN-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this light, the pure rotational spectra of N-pyrene (C15H9N), CN-pyrene (C15H9CN), N-coronene (C23H11N), and CN-coronene (C23H11CN) are reported here for the first time. The B3LYP/6-311 + G (d, p) level of theory, in the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, achieves the best performance for calculating the spectroscopic parameters and simulating the rotational spectra. The large permanent dipole moment of CN-PAHs makes them the most suitable PAH species for detection in the interstellar medium. Additionally, pyrene’s smaller partition function makes CN-pyrene a prime candidate to be discovered in cold, dark molecular clouds such as the TMC-1. The present work sets a benchmark for theoretical rotational spectra of N- and CN-containing PAHs and may act as a guide for laboratory experiments and observational searches.
Temperature properties in magnetized and radiatively cooled two-temperature accretion flows on to a black hole
Authors: Dihingia Indu K , Mizuno Yosuke , Fromm Christian M , Rezzolla Luciano 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Simplified assumptions about the thermodynamics of the electrons are normally employed in general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations of accretion on to black holes. To counter this, we have developed a self-consistent approach to study magnetized and radiatively cooled two-temperature accretion flows around a Kerr black hole in two spatial dimensions. The approach includes several heating processes, radiative cooling, and a coupling between the electrons and the ions via Coulomb interaction. We test our approach by performing axisymmetric GRMHD simulations of magnetized tori accreting on to a Kerr black hole under various astrophysical scenarios. In this way, we find that the inclusion of the Coulomb interaction and the radiative cooling impacts the thermodynamical properties of both the ions and electrons, changing significantly the temperature distribution of the latter, and underlining the importance of a two-temperature approach when imaging these flows. In addition, we find that the accretion rate influences the bulk properties of the flow as well as the thermodynamics of the electrons and ions. Interestingly, we observe qualitatively distinct temperature properties for SANE and MAD accretion modes while maintaining the same accretion rates, which could help distinguishing MAD and SANE accretion flows via observations. Finally, we propose two new relations for the temperature ratios of the electrons, ions, and of the gas in terms of the plasma-β parameter. The new relations represent a simple and effective approach to treat two-temperature accretion flows on supermassive black holes such as Sgr A* and M 87*.
The merger fraction of ultramassive white dwarfs
Authors: Kilic Mukremin , Moss Adam G , Kosakowski Alekzander , Bergeron P , Conly Annamarie A , Brown Warren R , Toonen Silvia , Williams Kurtis A , Dufour P 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We search for merger products among the 25 most massive white dwarfs in the Montreal White Dwarf Database 100 pc sample through follow-up spectroscopy and high-cadence photometry. We find an unusually high fraction, 40 per cent, of magnetic white dwarfs among this population. In addition, we identify four outliers in transverse velocity and detect rapid rotation in five objects. Our results show that $56^{+9}_{-10}$ per cent of the $M\approx 1.3\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ ultramassive white dwarfs form through mergers. This fraction is significantly higher than expected from the default binary population synthesis calculations using the α prescription (with αλ = 2), and provides further support for efficient orbital shrinkage, such as with low values of the common-envelope efficiency.
eIF3j inhibits translation of a subset of circular RNAs in eukaryotic cells
Authors: Song Zhenxing , Lin Jiamei , Su Rui , Ji Yu , Jia Ruirui , Li Shi , Shan Ge , Huang Chuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreasing studies have revealed that a subset of circular RNAs (circRNAs) harbor an open reading frame and can act as protein-coding templates to generate functional proteins that are closely associated with multiple physiological and disease-relevant processes, and thus proper regulation of synthesis of these circRNA-derived proteins is a fundamental cellular process required for homeostasis maintenance. However, how circRNA translation initiation is coordinated by different trans-acting factors remains poorly understood. In particular, the impact of different eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) on circRNA translation and the physiological relevance of this distinct regulation have not yet been characterized. In this study, we screened all 43 Drosophila eIFs and revealed the conflicting functions of eIF3 subunits in the translational control of the translatable circRNA circSfl: eIF3 is indispensable for circSfl translation, while the eIF3-associated factor eIF3j is the most potent inhibitor. Mechanistically, the binding of eIF3j to circSfl promotes the disassociation of eIF3. The C-terminus of eIF3j and an RNA regulon within the circSfl untranslated region (UTR) are essential for the inhibitory effect of eIF3j. Moreover, we revealed the physiological relevance of eIF3j-mediated circSfl translation repression in response to heat shock. Finally, additional translatable circRNAs were identified to be similarly regulated in an eIF3j-dependent manner. Altogether, our study provides a significant insight into the field of cap-independent translational regulation and undiscovered functions of eIF3.
Politicizing Europe
Authors: Costa Lobo Marina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the way Europe has become an issue in Portuguese politics from the perspective of political parties and voters, since membership. It begins by introducing the main milestones which have characterized Portugal’s relationship with the EU. An overview of parties’ positioning regarding the EU is provided alongside data from the Chapel Hill expert data on parties to understand the evolution of parties stance on this topic. The Great Recession does not seem to have catapulted the European Union (EU) issue as a major factor in party polarization or voting since 2009. While austerity did become a major political issue, Eurozone policy or EU membership did not. Yet, the Eurozone crisis led to a major change in party system dynamics, namely the socialists’ parliamentary coalition with the left parties in 2015. This paradoxically contributed to the depoliticization of the EU as a political issue, as the communists and the Left Block parties, the traditional bulwarks of Euroscepticism, became quasi government parties for the first time since democratization. At voter level, Euroscepticism continues to be predictive of a vote for the Communists as well as for the centre-right PSD in 2019.
Semi-Presidentialism in Portugal: Academic Quarrels amidst Institutional Stability
Authors: Amorim Neto Octavio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Portugal’s experience with semi-presidentialism has been relatively stable, particularly after 1982. However, the very definition of the country’s system of government has been contested. To demonstrate this stability and map the accompanying academic debate, this chapter will first define the main systems of government found around the world. It will then go on to discuss why Portugal chose the presidential-parliamentary variant of semi-presidential system, in 1976, later adopting the premier-presidential version, in 1982. Next, it identifies the conditions that led to the consolidation and stability of the latter system, focusing on the relationships between the president, the electorate, and the prime minister and the cabinet. Subsequently, the chapter briefly evaluates how the country’s executive type has fared under the 2011–2014 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. The final section presents a conclusion and lays out an agenda for future research.
Cytokinin signaling regulates two-stage inflorescence arrest in Arabidopsis
Authors: Walker Catriona H , Ware Alexander , Šimura Jan , Ljung Karin , Wilson Zoe , Bennett Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To maximize reproductive success, flowering plants must correctly time entry and exit from the reproductive phase. While much is known about mechanisms that regulate initiation of flowering, end-of-flowering remains largely uncharacterized. End-of-flowering in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) consists of quasi-synchronous arrest of inflorescences, but it is unclear how arrest is correctly timed with respect to environmental stimuli and reproductive success. Here, we showed that Arabidopsis inflorescence arrest is a complex developmental phenomenon, which includes the arrest of the inflorescence meristem (IM), coupled with a separable “floral arrest” of all unopened floral primordia; these events occur well before visible inflorescence arrest. We showed that global inflorescence removal delays both IM and floral arrest, but that local fruit removal only delays floral arrest, emphasizing their separability. We tested whether cytokinin regulates inflorescence arrest, and found that cytokinin signaling dynamics mirror IM activity, while cytokinin treatment can delay both IM and floral arrest. We further showed that gain-of-function cytokinin receptor mutants can delay IM and floral arrest; conversely, loss-of-function mutants prevented the extension of flowering in response to inflorescence removal. Collectively, our data suggest that the dilution of cytokinin among an increasing number of sink organs leads to end-of-flowering in Arabidopsis by triggering IM and floral arrest.
Sleep restriction reduces positive social emotions and desire to connect with others
Authors: Palmer Cara A , John-Henderson Neha A , Bawden Hannah , Massey Adrielle , Powell Suzanna L , Hilton Ashleigh , Carter Jason R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Feeling connected with others and experiencing positive interpersonal interactions is associated with physical health and psychological functioning. Despite the importance of social experiences, experimental studies investigating how sleep impacts social connections and positive social experiences are limited. The current study sought to examine how sleep loss impacted social motivation and emotions. Healthy emerging adults (N = 53; 83% female, ages 18–28 years) were randomly assigned to one night of sleep restriction (4h time in bed) or typical sleep (8 h time in bed). Following the experimental night, participants reported on their desire to pursue social connections, and completed a reflection task where they wrote about something generous someone did for them. After the reflection, participants reported on their positive and negative social emotions (gratitude, connectedness, guilt, indebtedness). Coding of the reflections was conducted to extract emotional tone and social words used. Sleep restricted participants reported reduced motivation to pursue social connections, and less gratitude and feelings of connectedness after the reflection compared to the control condition. Sleep restricted participants also used fewer socially-oriented words (i.e. words focused on other people) when reflecting on this interpersonal event. No differences emerged in guilt or indebtedness or emotional tone of the reflection. Findings suggest that sleep loss may decrease desire to engage in social interactions and reduces positive social emotions. These findings expand the limited body of research on sleep and social functioning by examining the impact of partial sleep restriction on social motivation, and on the experience of social emotions within a positive interpersonal context.
Community Engagement in Nonprofit Hospital Community Health Needs Assessments and Implementation Plans
Authors: Burns Ashlyn , Yeager Valerie A. , Cronin Cory E. , Franz Berkeley 
Published: November 2022

Context:
Nonprofit hospitals are required to provide community benefits in exchange for their tax-exempt status. This includes a community health needs assessment (CHNA) to identify community needs and an implementation plan (IP) with strategies to address top needs every 3 years. In addition, hospitals are required to engage community members in these assessments.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to explore community engagement and representation in CHNAs and IPs.

Design:
The researchers conducted a content analysis of CHNAs and IPs from a nationally representative sample of 503 nonprofit hospitals between 2018 and 2021.

Main Outcome Measures:
For CHNAs, a coding sheet was used to record the types of community members engaged by hospitals. For IPs, the team coded whether community engagement was reported at all and then performed an in-depth analysis to identify categories of community members, engagement methods used, and roles of community input. Finally, frequencies of categories across IPs were quantified.

Results:
Eighty-nine percent of hospitals (n = 449) engaged community members in their CHNA, but only 14% (n = 71) engaged community members in their IP. An in-depth look at these IPs found that hospitals engaged underserved/minority populations, low-income populations, high school students, public health experts, and stakeholder organizations. Community members were involved in multiple steps, including brainstorming ideas, narrowing down needs, developing strategies, and reacting to proposed strategies.

Conclusions:
Although IPs are intended to benefit the community, there is a lack of community involvement reported in IPs. Hospitals may need incentives, resources, and personnel support to ensure representation of community members throughout the entire CHNA and IP process.
Investigating the Severity of Complications following Nipple-sparing Mastectomy and Immediate Prepectoral Implant-based vs. Autologous Reconstruction – A Single-Surgeon Experience
Authors: Pedreira Rachel , Tevlin Ruth , Griffin Michelle , Wan Derrick , Momeni Arash 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Several clinical studies have reported autologous breast reconstruction (ABR) to be associated with a higher postoperative complication rate; however, few have investigated the impact of reconstructive modality on complication severity. This study examines the impact of reconstructive modality on complication severity in a matched cohort of patients who underwent ABR versus implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR).

Methods:
A retrospective study of patients who underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction was performed. Propensity score matching (PSM) ensured adequate matching of patients who underwent ABR and staged prepectoral IBR, respectively. Patient demographics, breast measurements and postoperative outcomes, including the incidence and severity of complications were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. A P‐value of <0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
128 patients (214 breast reconstructions) were included for analysis (ABR n = 64; IBR n = 64). No difference in overall complication rate was noted (p = 0.61). However, a significant association of IBR with major complications was noted (p = 0.02). In contrast, minor complications were significantly more frequent following ABR (p = 0.04).

Conclusions:
While the reconstructive modality did not appear to have an effect on the overall complication rate, it did significantly affect the severity of postoperative complications with major and minor complications being associated with IBR and ABR, respectively. These findings are relevant to patient-centered decision-making as they provide further granularity regarding postoperative complications and address the issue of complication severity.
LiMAP-curvature: a simple model-free approach for analysing dose-finding studies
Authors: Han Linxi , Deng Qiqi , He Zhangyi , Yu Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMCP-Mod (Multiple Comparison Procedure-Modelling) is an efficient statistical method for the analysis of Phase II dose-finding trials, although it requires specialised expertise to pre-specify plausible candidate models along with model parameters. This can be problematic given limited knowledge of the agent/compound being studied, and misspecification of candidate models and model parameters can severely degrade its performance. To circumvent this challenge, in the work, we introduce LiMAP-curvature, a Bayesian model-free approach for the detection of the dose-response signal in Phase II dose-finding trials. LiMAP-curvature is built upon a Bayesian hierarchical framework incorporating information about the total curvature of the dose-response curve. Through extensive simulations, we show that LiMAP-curvature has comparable performance to MCP-Mod if the true underlying dose-response model is included in the candidate model set of MCP-Mod. Otherwise, LiMAP-curvature can achieve performance superior to that of MCP-Mod, especially when the true dose-response model drastically deviates from candidate models in MCP-Mod.
Refined Matrix Completion for Spectrum Estimation of Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Lu Lei , Zhu Tingting , Tan Ying , Zhou Jiandong , Clifton Lei , Zhang Yuan-Ting , Clifton David A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) is the reflection of physiological effects modulating heart rhythm. In particular, spectral HRV metrics provide valuable information to investigate activities of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. However, uncertainties and artifacts from measurements can reduce signal quality and therefore affect the evaluation of HRV measures. In this paper, we propose a new method for HRV spectrum estimation with measurement uncertainties using matrix completion (MC). We show that missing values of HRV spectrum can be efficiently estimated using the MC method by leveraging the low rank property of the spectrum matrix. In addition, we proposed a refined matrix completion (RMC) method to improve the estimation accuracy and computational efficiency by introducing model information for the HRV spectrum. Experimental studies on five public benchmark datasets show the effectiveness and robustness of the developed RMC method for estimating missing entries for HRV spectrum with different masking ratios. Furthermore, our developed RMC method is compared with five deep learning models and the traditional MC method; the results of this comparison study demonstrate that our developed RMC method obtains the least estimation error with the minimal computation cost, indicating the advantages of our developed method for HRV spectrum estimation.