bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A variable bandwidth memristor‐based Legendre Optimum low pass filter for radio frequency applications
Authors: Onyejegbu Elochukwu , Zhumabay Zhazira , Marzuki Arjuna , Ukaegbu Ikechi Augustine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article presents the enhancement of Legendre Optimum low pass filter (LPF) in terms of reusability and bandwidth, based on the programmable memristance of memristors. Two LPFs of the third order, operating in the MF and VHF range, and designed using the insertion loss method are presented. At 600 kHz and 110 MHz, two Knowm memristors working in the forward ion‐conduction mode replace and in the filter circuit. Their conductance and therefore memristance is varied such that decreases monotonically and. Results show a bandwidth enhancement of up to 540 at 600 kHz, and up to 100 at 110 MHz. A reusable, cost‐effective, variable bandwidth filter is achieved from the original fixed bandwidth filter.
Impact of specimen preparation method on photovoltaic backsheet degradation during accelerated aging test
Authors: Xia Ji , Liu Yi , Hu Hongjie , Zhu Xiaogang , Lv Hao , Phillips Nancy H. , Choudhury Kaushik Roy , Gambogi William J. , Rodriguez Marisol , Simon Ethan S. , Kempe Michael , Morse Joshua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, we highlight some important factors in the specimen preparation methods for evaluating photovoltaic backsheet properties after accelerated aging. Two different sequences are considered: Method (I) cut‐then‐age: cut into 1‐cm wide strips and then expose to stress, and Method (II) age‐then‐cut: expose a larger sheet to stress and then cut into 1‐cm widths for mechanical property measurements. We also compare the effect of three cutting methods, (a) tensile specimen punch, (b) paper cutter, and (c) fresh razor blade. Several commercial backsheets were evaluated, with stress exposures including (a) pressure cooker test (PCT), (b) dry ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure, and (c) UV combined damp heat tests. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and intrinsic viscosity (IV) were used to analyze the materials on unstressed materials and samples exposed to PCT. The results show that both the cutting method and the time of cutting have an impact on the backsheet mechanical properties. Under UV exposure, Method II, age‐then‐cut, generally resulted in a higher average value, with more variation than Method I; however, if the side strips from Method II were excluded, the variation dropped to the same level. This is because the specimens at the sides of the sheet get additional damage from UV light from the exposed sides of the sample. In contrast to UV exposure, PCT specimens prepared by Method II result in lower average values and higher variability. This is attributed to embrittlement through the bulk of the sample where the cutting of embrittled specimens appears to result in more edge defects which can then initiate a break at smaller strains. The data suggest that for UV exposures, the specimens should be cut after aging and the exposed side specimens discarded, and that for PCT exposures, the specimens should be cut before the exposure.
The ART and LOGIC of scholarly communication: Effective skills for publication and beyond
Authors: Lo Yangming Martin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBased on a series of well‐recognized workshops around the world conducted by the author with more than 15 years of EIC experience, this article highlights the essence and spirit of publishing scholarly outcomes for authors in science and engineering. It is vital for all scientists who intend to upgrade their publications to bear in mind that, additional to KISS (Keep It Simple and Straightforward), the contents of a manuscript should be prepared based on the core concept of ART and LOGIC, namely:

Thoroughness (be thorough when compiling)

Complete the sentence, paragraph, and article

Readability (keep the expression readable)

Know what you mean and mean what you know

Articulateness (be articulate in wording)

Be polite yet firm, when necessary, with controversies

and

Lock one in ASAP

Identify and be identical with the readers

Offer useful information

Justification and reasoning are most critical

Gain confidence

Put forth best methodology and know‐how

Indication of good will

Be constructive even when criticism is needed

Conclusive statement

Provide solid conclusion with proper outlook
Aberrant dynamic structure–function relationship of rich‐club organization in treatment‐naïve newly diagnosed juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Authors: Liu Guangyao , Zheng Weihao , Liu Hong , Guo Man , Ma Laiyang , Hu Wanjun , Ke Ming , Sun Yu , Zhang Jing , Zhang Zhe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNeuroimaging studies have shown that juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is characterized by impaired brain networks. However, few studies have investigated the potential disruptions in rich‐club organization—a core feature of the brain networks. Moreover, it is unclear how structure–function relationships dynamically change over time in JME. Here, we quantify the anatomical rich‐club organization and dynamic structural and functional connectivity (SC–FC) coupling in 47 treatment‐naïve newly diagnosed patients with JME and 40 matched healthy controls. Dynamic functional network efficiency and its association with SC–FC coupling were also calculated to examine the supporting of structure–function relationship to brain information transfer. The results showed that the anatomical rich‐club organization was disrupted in the patient group, along with decreased connectivity strength among rich‐club hub nodes. Furthermore, reduced SC–FC coupling in rich‐club organization of the patients was found in two functionally independent dynamic states, that is the functional segregation state (State 1) and the strong somatomotor‐cognitive control interaction state (State 5); and the latter was significantly associated with disease severity. In addition, the relationships between SC–FC coupling of hub nodes connections and functional network efficiency in State 1 were found to be absent in patients. The aberrant dynamic SC–FC coupling of rich‐club organization suggests a selective influence of densely interconnected network core in patients with JME at the early phase of the disease, offering new insights and potential biomarkers into the underlying neurodevelopmental basis of behavioral and cognitive impairments observed in JME.
A phase 1b study of OXIRI in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients and its immunomodulatory effects
Authors: Ng Matthew , Chen Sylvia , Ong Whee Sze , Balachander Akhila , Seet Amanda , Yeong Joe , Sutiman Natalia , Lim Tony Kiat Hon , Lee Bernett , Guo Yu Amanda , Leong Wai Fook , Lee Sze Sing , Lam Justina , Choo Su Pin , Skanderup Anders Jacobsen , Biswas Subhra Kumar , Tai David , Chowbay Balram 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and debilitating disease with limited therapeutic options. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of a novel regimen comprised of metronomic oxaliplatin (O), chronomodulated capecitabine (X) and UGT1A1 genotype‐guided dosing of irinotecan (IRI) [OXIRI] as well as its immunomodulatory effects. Thirty‐six patients were enrolled into either dose‐escalation or expansion cohorts. In the dose escalation phase, capecitabine doses (2000, 2650, 3500 and 4500 mg/day) were administered at midnight on days 1 to 14 while oxaliplatin and irinotecan were intravenously infused at fixed doses of 50 and 75 mg/m2 respectively on days 1, 8 in a 21‐day cycle. The maximum tolerated dose of capecitabine was 2650 mg/day and the most common grade 3 adverse events were neutropenia (30.6%) and diarrhea (13.9%). No grade 4 toxicity was observed. UGT1A1‐genotype directed dosing resulted in similar exposure levels of irinotecan, SN‐38 and SN‐38G in all patients. Objective response rate was 22.2%. Median overall survival and progression‐free survival were 8.1 and 5.2 months, respectively. Exploratory immunoprofiling by flow cytometry and quantitative spatial localization analysis of infiltrated immune cells performed on biopsy and plasma samples revealed significant declines in CCL22, CCL2 and TNFα levels at end of first cycle and an active host immune response. Our study showed that OXIRI was well‐tolerated and exhibited good efficacy, with immunomodulatory effects. It may be considered as an alternative to FOLFIRINOX in patients intolerant to the latter.
The Associations of Dietary Inflammatory Potential With Musculoskeletal Health in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older People: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS (Hong Kong) Cohort Study
Authors: Su Yi , Yeung Suey S.Y. , Chen Yu-Ming , Leung Jason C.S. , Kwok Timothy C.Y. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Inflammation, an important contributory factor of muscle and bone aging, is potentially modulated by diet. This study examined the associations of dietary inflammatory index (DII) score with musculoskeletal parameters and related disease outcomes in 3995 community-dwelling Chinese men and women aged ≥65 years in Hong Kong. DII score at baseline was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Bone mineral density (BMD) and muscle mass estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), hand grip strength, gait speed, and chair stand test were measured at baseline, year 4, and year 14. The associations of DII score with the longitudinal changes of musculoskeletal parameters, and incidence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and fractures were examined by using general linear model, multinomial logistic regression model, and Cox proportional hazards regression model, respectively. After multiple adjustments, each tertile increase in DII score in men was associated with 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.64) kg loss in grip strength and 0.02 (95% CI, 0.01–0.03) m/s loss in gait speed over 4 years. In men, the highest tertile of DII was associated with a higher risk of incident fractures, with adjusted and competing death adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) of 1.56 (1.14–2.14) and 1.40 (1.02–1.91), respectively. In women, DII score was not significantly associated with any muscle-related outcomes or incidence of fracture, but a significant association between higher DII score and risk of osteoporosis at year 14 was observed, with the highest tertile of DII score having adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) of 1.90 (1.03–3.52). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory diet consumption promoted loss of muscle strength and physical function, and increased risk of fractures in older Chinese men. Pro-inflammatory diets had no significant association with muscle related outcomes but increased the long-term risk of osteoporosis in older Chinese women. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Audit committee financial expertise, accrual, and real earnings management
Authors: Cheung Kwok Yip , Adelopo Ismail 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study examines the effectiveness of audit committee (AC) financial expertise in mitigating accrual and real earnings management (AEM and REM hereafter). Although extant studies have examined the effects of AC expertise on earnings management, findings are inconclusive. Prior studies have also focused mainly on AEM not REM. We used the data for a sample of Hong Kong Hang Seng Composite Index with 1714 firm‐year observations between 2010 and 2015, which was analyzed using panel fixed effect regression models. The results show statistically significant negative relationship between AC financial expertise and AEM but surprisingly, we find that AC financial expertise is associated with increase in REM. We argue that whilst AC members have developed monitoring skills on AEM, REMs are relatively recent and are more complicated to detect. We argue that management may be shifting their opportunistic use of earnings management from AEM to REM. A possible reason could be a steep AC's learning curve on the nature of REM. Our investigation provides evidence on the impact of AC expertise on both AEM and REM from a unique context.
Youth gun carrying and household firearm ownership in 22 US states
Authors: Chavez Leo , Kivisto Aaron J. , Gray Samantha L. , Thomas Kendra J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractYouth gun carrying is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including increased risks for homicide, suicide, school disciplinary problems, and criminal legal involvement. In this study we examined the association between state‐level household firearm ownership rates and the odds of past‐year gun carrying among high‐school‐aged youth. Using survey‐weighted multivariable logistic regression models, results showed that each 1% point increase in state‐level gun ownership was associated with a 2.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.1%, 4.2%], p = 0.001) increased odds of youth gun carrying, controlling for histories of school‐based victimization, physical fighting, and substance use. Among a subset of weapon‐carrying youth, state‐level firearm availability was a significant factor in determining whether the weapon carried was a gun or a less lethal (i.e., nonfirearm) weapon (odds ratio = 1.021, 95% CI = [1.005, 1.038], p = 0.01). These findings show that firearm availability confers additional risk for youth gun carrying beyond the psychosocial risks emphasized in prior research and efforts to restrict youth access to firearms might be particularly important, especially in communities with high levels of household gun ownership.
Plasma neurofilament light levels associate with muscle mass and strength in middle‐aged and older adults: findings from GenoFit
Authors: Pratt Jedd , De Vito Giuseppe , Segurado Ricardo , Pessanha Ludmilla , Dolan Jackie , Narici Marco , Boreham Colin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEfforts to enhance diagnostic measures for sarcopenia have led to an increased focus on the screening utility of blood‐based biomarkers. In this regard, circulating neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels are a potent indicator of axonal damage and have been linked with several neurological disorders. However, despite the strong neurogenic contribution to skeletal muscle health, no studies have explored the relevance of NfL concentrations to sarcopenia. With that in mind, this study aimed to examine the association between plasma NfL concentration and sarcopenic domains.MethodsThree hundred adults aged between 50 and 83 years participated to this study (male participants, n = 150; mean age: 64.2 ± 8.7 years and female participants, n = 150; mean age: 63.9 ± 8.3 years). Body composition was assessed using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry, and a skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated. Muscle strength was assessed with hand dynamometry. Sarcopenia was classified using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. Plasma NfL concentration was determined using a highly sensitive, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsNeurofilament light chain levels were associated with grip strength and SMI (P = 0.005 and P = 0.045, respectively) and were significantly elevated in sarcopenic individuals, compared with non‐sarcopenic participants (P < 0.001). Individuals with pre‐sarcopenia (either low grip strength or low SMI) had significantly higher NfL levels, compared with healthy controls (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). Male participants with either low grip strength or low SMI had significantly raised NfL levels (P = 0.006 and P = 0.002, respectively), while in female participants, NfL concentrations were significantly elevated only in those with low grip strength (P = 0.049). NfL concentration displayed acceptable diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia (area under the curve = 0.726, P < 0.001).ConclusionsOur study clearly demonstrates the indicative pertinence of circulating NfL levels to sarcopenic domains, supporting its potential use as a biomarker of sarcopenia. More studies are needed, however, to further illuminate the diagnostic value of circulating NfL. Future research should explore whether NfL levels are more powerfully linked with muscle strength than mass and whether sex mediates the relevance of NfL concentrations to sarcopenic phenotypes.
Heterogeneity in extracellular vesicle secretion by single human macrophages revealed by super‐resolution microscopy
Authors: Dechantsreiter Susanne , Ambrose Ashley R. , Worboys Jonathan D. , Lim Joey M. E. , Liu Sylvia , Shah Rajesh , Montero M. Angeles , Quinn Anne Marie , Hussell Tracy , Tannahill Gillian M. , Davis Daniel M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe diverse origins, nanometre‐scale and invasive isolation procedures associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) mean they are usually studied in bulk and disconnected from their parental cell. Here, we used super‐resolution microscopy to directly compare EVs secreted by individual human monocyte‐derived macrophages (MDMs). MDMs were differentiated to be M0‐, M1‐ or M2‐like, with all three secreting EVs at similar densities following activation. However, M0‐like cells secreted larger EVs than M1‐ and M2‐like macrophages. Proteomic analysis revealed variations in the contents of differently sized EVs as well as between EVs secreted by different MDM phenotypes. Super resolution microscopy of single‐cell secretions identified that the class II MHC protein, HLA‐DR, was expressed on ∼40% of EVs secreted from M1‐like MDMs, which was double the frequency observed for M0‐like and M2‐like EVs. Strikingly, human macrophages, isolated from the resected lungs of cancer patients, secreted EVs that expressed HLA‐DR at double the frequency and with greater intensity than M1‐like EVs. Quantitative analysis of single‐cell EV profiles from all four macrophage phenotypes revealed distinct secretion types, five of which were consistent across multiple sample cohorts. A sub‐population of M1‐like MDMs secreted EVs similar to lung macrophages, suggesting an expansion or recruitment of cells with a specific EV secretion profile within the lungs of cancer patients. Thus, quantitative analysis of EV heterogeneity can be used for single cell profiling and to reveal novel macrophage biology.
Laterally biased diffusion of males of the water flea Daphnia magna
Authors: Toyota Kenji , Yasugi Masaki , Tatarazako Norihisa , Iguchi Taisen , Watanabe Eiji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe water flea, Daphnia magna, is a representative zooplankton that lives in freshwater environments. It primarily propagates via asexual reproduction in normal and healthy environmental conditions. Unsuitable environmental conditions induce D. magna to change its mode of reproduction from asexual to sexual reproduction. During sexual reproduction, D. magna produces special tough eggs (resting eggs) that can survive severe environmental conditions. Despite an increase in our understanding of their mating behavior, the sex‐specific characteristics of swimming behavior among daphnid species are poorly understood. In this study, we analysed the swimming patterns and dynamics of female and male adult D. magna using computer modeling. Males displayed laterally biased diffusion in contrast to the homogeneous, nondirectional diffusion of females. Computer modeling analysis using a discrete‐time Markov chain simulation, in which the frequencies of turning behavior were evaluated as probability distributions, explained the greater diffusion of males in the horizontal direction. We presumed that high diffusion in the horizontal direction would increase the probability of encountering a distant mate. Our findings suggest that male D. magna increases genotypic heterogeneity by effectively selecting certain motion parameters.
Family with Peutz–Jeghers syndrome in Indonesia
Authors: Parewangi Muhammad Luthfi , Rusman Resha Dermawansyah , Akil Fardah , Daud Nu'man A S , Bachtiar Rini , Kusuma Susanto Hendra , Rifai Amelia , Tahir Akiko Syawalidhany , Miskad Upik , Syarifuddin Erwin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterised by mucocutaneous pigmentation, gastrointestinal polyps and an increased risk of gastrointestinal and other cancers. We report an Indonesian woman, aged 28, with black spots on her lips who had multiple polyps extending from the stomach to the rectum. Her father and a son also had mucocutaneous lesions but they did not undergo gastrointestinal investigations. All three had mutations in the serine/threonine kinase 11 gene (STK11).
Association of polymorphisms in genes encoding prothrombotic and cardiovascular risk factors with disease severity in COVID‐19 patients: A pilot study
Authors: Lapić Ivana , Radić Antolic Margareta , Horvat Ivana , Premužić Vedran , Palić Jozefina , Rogić Dunja , Zadro Renata 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present study aimed to assess the association of 16 polymorphisms in genes encoding prothrombotic and cardiovascular risk factors with COVID‐19 disease severity: FV G1691A, FV H1299R, FII G20210A, MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298, factor XIII V34L, PAI‐1 4G/5G, EPCR haplotypes (A1/A2/A3), eNOS −786 T > C, eNOS G894T, LTA C804A, ACE I/D, ITGB3 PIA1/A2, ITGA2B Baka/b, β‐Fbg −455 G > A and ApoB R3500Q. The study included 30 patients with severe COVID‐19 and 49 non‐severe COVID‐19 patients. All studied polymorphisms except ITGA2B Baka/b were determined using multilocus genotyping assays CVD StripAssays (ViennaLab Diagnostics), while ITGA2B was genotyped using a real‐time PCR method based on TaqMan technology. A higher frequency of carriers of at least one ITGB3 PIA2 allele was found in severe COVID‐19 patients (p = 0.009). The distribution of genotypes was significantly different for ß‐Fbg −455 G > A (p = 0.042), with only three homozygous AA genotypes found among severe COVID‐19 patients. The association with an increased risk for severe COVID‐19 was found for ITGB3, with carriers of at least one ITGB3 PIA2 allele having a 3.5‐fold greater risk of severe COVID‐19 (p = 0.011). Genotype distribution differences were obtained for the combinations of FV H1299R and FXIII V34L (p = 0.026), ITGB3 PIA1/A2 and ITGA2B Baka/b (p = 0.024), and ACE I/D and PAI‐1 4G/5G (p = 0.046). ITGB3 polymorphism emerged as an independent risk factor for severe COVID‐19 and homozygosity for ß‐Fbg −455 G > A mutation could contribute to disease severity. The combined effect of polymorphisms in genes encoding prothrombotic and cardiovascular risk factors could further contribute to disease severity.
Plasma proteomic analysis reveals altered protein abundances in HIV‐infected patients with or without non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Zhuang Ke , Zhang Yongxi , Mo Pingzheng , Deng Liping , Jiang Yong , Yu Lei , Mei Fanghua , Huang Shaoxin , Chen Xi , Yan Yajun , Tang Hongbin , Li Xiangdong , Xiong Yong , Wu Shuwen , Ke Hengning , Gui Xien , Lan Ke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe identification of circulating proteins associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome‐related non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS‐NHL) may help in the development of promising biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. Here, we used quantitative liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in plasma collected from patients with AIDS‐NHL and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients without NHL (HIV+). Proteins with a log2 (fold change) in abundance >0.26 and p < 0.05 were considered differentially abundant. In total, 84 DEPs were identified, among which 20 were further validated as potential biomarkers, with immunoglobulin and complement components being the most common proteins. Some of the proteins were further verified in a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients in a larger cohort. These markedly altered proteins were found to mediate pathophysiological pathways that likely contribute to AIDS‐NHL pathogenesis, such as the humoral immune response, complement activation, and complement and coagulation cascades. Our findings provide a new molecular understanding of AIDS‐NHL pathogenesis and provide new evidence supporting the identification of these proteins as possible biomarkers in AIDS‐NHL.