bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial patellofemoral ligament is a part of the vastus medialis obliquus and vastus intermedius aponeuroses attaching to the medial epicondyle
Authors: Tharnmanularp Suthasinee , Nimura Akimoto , Tsutsumi Masahiro , Norose Mio , Tsukada Sachiyuki , Akita Keiichi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the bony surface characteristic of the femoral attachment of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) and the correlation between the relevant layered structures, including muscular aponeurosis and the joint capsule, which contribute to patellofemoral joint (PFJ) stability.

Methods
The morphology of the medial aspect of the medial condyle using micro-computed tomography and analysed cortical bone thickening in 24 knees was observed. For the macroscopic and histological analyses, 21 and 3 knees were allocated, respectively. The Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance test with Dunn post hoc testing was performed for statistical analysis.

Results
At the level of the adductor tubercle, there were no significant differences in cortical bone thickness. At the level of the medial epicondyle (MEC), cortical bone thickness was considerably greater than that in other areas of the medial condyle (mean ± standard deviation, 0.60 ± 0.20 mm; p < 0.0001). Macroscopic analysis revealed that the deep aponeurosis of the vastus medialis obliquus and the tendinous arch of the vastus intermedius distally formed the composite membrane and adjoined to the joint capsule to firmly attach to MEC, which was located at 41.3 ± 5.7 mm posterior and 14.2 ± 3.1 mm superior to the joint cartilage. Histological analysis showed a composite membrane and adjoining capsule attached to MEC via fibrocartilage.

Conclusion
MPFL could be interpreted as part of the deep aponeurosis of the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and the tendinous arch of the vastus intermedius, which combined with the joint capsule to attach to MEC. The cortical bone thickening indicated that the tensile stresses were loaded on MEC in aged cadavers. Involvement of VMO and vastus intermedius aponeuroses in restored graft of MPFL could utilise the dynamic stability of surrounding muscles to mimic a native structure.
The effects of intra- and interspecific competitions on personality and individual plasticity in two sympatric brown frogs
Authors: Castellano Sergio , Seglie Daniele , Gazzola Andrea , Racca Luca , Ciaralli Simone , Friard Olivier 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We studied how individuals modify their behavior in response to inter- and intraspecific competitors and how these changes affected the pattern of variation between populations and species. As study models, we used tadpoles of two brown frogs, Rana latastei and R. dalmatina. Since R. latastei is always sympatric to R. dalmatina, whereas R. dalmatina is sympatric to R. latastei only in the periphery of its range, we predicted a stronger response to heterospecifics in R. latastei than in R. dalmatina and, within each species, in syntopic than in allotopic populations. To test these predictions, we raised tadpoles, from either syntopic or allotopic populations, in either syntopy or allotopy and repeatedly tested them in open field trials in the presence of a caged conspecific, a caged heterospecific, or an empty cage. As predicted, we found that, on average, R. latastei tadpoles modified their behavior across treatments more than R. dalmatina tadpoles and individuals from the syntopic population changed more than their conspecifics from the allotopic population. In both species, the pattern of variation at the individual level mirrored that at the population and species levels providing no evidence for an individual-by-environment interaction ($$I\times E$$

I
×
E

). Besides these differences, however, individuals of the two species also showed unpredicted and context-independent behavioral differences, suggesting that there might be more to interspecific behavioral variation than the effect of selection by heterospecific competitors.

Significance statement
Does the distribution range of a species influence the evolution of plastic behaviors to heterospecific competitors? And how do differences in plasticity affect animal personality? To answer these questions, we raised tadpoles of two brown frog species, Rana dalmatina and R. latastei, and studied how the amount and the type of their swimming varied with the presence of the other species. R. latastei, whose small distribution range fully overlaps with that of R. dalmatina, plastically responds to it, whereas R. dalmatina, which is sympatric to R. latastei only in the periphery of its broader range, does not. These interspecific differences mirrored those among individuals: tadpoles of both species show repeatable behaviors, but only those of R. latastei plastically changed their behavior with the presence of the other species; however, neither R. latastei nor R. dalmatina show among-individual variation in plasticity.
Household Conflicts with Snow Leopard Conservation and Impacts from Snow Leopards in the Everest and Annapurna Regions of Nepal
Authors: Hanson Jonathan H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractImpacts on households from large carnivores are frequently reported in the conservation literature, but conflicts between households and large carnivore conservation are not. Employing a human-wildlife coexistence framework that distinguishes between human-wildlife impacts on one hand, and human-conservation conflicts on the other, this paper presents data from Annapurna Conservation Area and Sagarmatha (Everest) National Park, Nepal, each with different models of conservation governance. Using systematic sampling, quantitative information from 705 households was collected via questionnaires, while 70 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants for cross-methods triangulation. 7.7% of households reported conflicts with snow leopard conservation in the previous 12 months, primarily due to damage to livelihoods; these were significantly higher in the Annapurna region. 373 livestock were reported lost by households to snow leopards in the previous 12 months, representing 3.4% of total livestock owned and US$ 132,450 in financial value. Livestock losses were significantly lower in the Everest area. In linear regression models, total household livestock losses to all sources best explained conflicts with snow leopard conservation and household livestock losses to snow leopards but the models for the former dependent variable had very low explanatory power. Conservation in general, and large carnivore conservation in particular, should distinguish carefully between impacts caused by coexistence with these species and conflicts with conservation actors and over the methods and interventions used to conserve carnivores, especially where these negatively impact local livelihoods. In addition, livestock husbandry standards are highlighted again as an important factor in the success of carnivore conservation programmes.
A 3D multi-agent-based model for lumen morphogenesis: the role of the biophysical properties of the extracellular matrix
Authors: Camacho-Gómez Daniel , García-Aznar José Manuel , Gómez-Benito María José 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe correct function of many organs depends on proper lumen morphogenesis, which requires the orchestration of both biological and mechanical aspects. However, how these factors coordinate is not yet fully understood. Here, we focus on the development of a mechanistic model for computationally simulating lumen morphogenesis. In particular, we consider the hydrostatic pressure generated by the cells’ fluid secretion as the driving force and the density of the extracellular matrix as regulators of the process. For this purpose, we develop a 3D agent-based-model for lumen morphogenesis that includes cells’ fluid secretion and the density of the extracellular matrix. Moreover, this computer-based model considers the variation in the biological behavior of cells in response to the mechanical forces that they sense. Then, we study the formation of the lumen under different-mechanical scenarios and conclude that an increase in the matrix density reduces the lumen volume and hinders lumen morphogenesis. Finally, we show that the model successfully predicts normal lumen morphogenesis when the matrix density is physiological and aberrant multilumen formation when the matrix density is excessive.
Impfeinstellung, Erwartungen und Impferfahrung von Immunsupprimierten bei COVID-19-Impfungen
Authors: Müller Frank , Heinemann Stephanie , Hummers Eva , Noack Eva Maria , Heesen Gloria , Dopfer-Jablonka Alexandra , Mikuteit Marie , Niewolik Jacqueline , Steffens Sandra , Schröder Dominik 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Immunsupprimierte sind seltener geimpft, gleichzeitig profitieren sie im Hinblick auf die Nutzen-Risiko-Abschätzung deutlich von vielen Impfungen – auch bei den neuen Impfstoffen gegen SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Bei der Entscheidung für eine Impfung sind Einstellungen, Erwartungen und Erfahrungen in Bezug auf bisherige Impfungen maßgeblich.

Fragestellung
Welche Einstellungen haben immunsupprimierte Menschen gegenüber Impfungen allgemein und einer COVID-19 Impfung im Speziellen? Wie haben sie ihre COVID-19-Impfung erlebt?

Material und Methoden
Im Rahmen der CoCo-Immun-Studie wurden im Frühjahr und Sommer 2021 (11.01.2021–07.11.2021) immunsupprimierte Teilnehmende zu 2 Zeitpunkten zu ihren Erwartungen an eine COVID-19-Impfung und zum Erleben der COVID-19-Impfung mit Fragebögen befragt. Zusätzlich wurden soziodemografische Daten, allgemeine Einstellungen gegenüber Impfungen sowie Erfahrungen mit bisherigen Impfungen erhoben. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels deskriptiver und bivariater Statistik.

Ergebnisse
Die 243 Befragten standen Impfungen überwiegend positiv und befürwortend gegenüber und erwarteten eine gute Verträglichkeit und Wirksamkeit. Frauen hatten weniger Vertrauen in die Sicherheit von Impfungen und häufiger Sorgen vor Impfreaktionen und -nebenwirkungen. Ältere Personen fühlten sich zum Zeitpunkt der Impfung besser informiert als jüngere. Personen, die über subjektive Nebenwirkungen bzw. Impfreaktionen bei vorangegangenen Impfungen berichteten, standen Impfungen und staatlichen Institutionen, die sie empfehlen, skeptischer gegenüber. Sie stimmten auch der Aussage „Rückblickend war die COVID-19-Impfung bisher harmlos für mich“ seltener zu.

Diskussion
Die COVID-19-Impfungen wurden von den befragten Personen überwiegend positiv antizipiert. Die Alters- und Geschlechtsunterschiede in den Zustimmungswerten deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass es unterschiedliche Informationsbedürfnisse gibt, auf die es in Aufklärungsgesprächen und Impfkampagnen einzugehen gilt.
The association of social and food preparation location context with the quality of meals and snacks consumed by young adults: findings from the MYMeals wearable camera study
Authors: Chan Virginia , Wellard-Cole Lyndal , Davies Alyse , Watson Wendy , Hughes Clare , Chapman Kathy , Signal Louise , Ni Mhurchu Cliona , Wang Leanne , D’Souza Danica , Gemming Luke , Rangan Anna , Bauman Adrian , Allman-Farinelli Margaret 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study examined the association of social contexts and food preparation location with the quality of meals and snacks (predominately from the five food groups (FFG) versus discretionary foods) in a sample of young Australian adults (18–30 years old) using wearable camera technology.

Methods
A sub-sample from the cross-sectional MYMeals study wore a wearable camera that captured images every 30 s for three consecutive days. Eating episodes from 133 participants (55% female) were classified across 4 domains: food quality (observed proportion of FFG and discretionary items), preparation location, social interaction, and screen use. Socio-economic status (SES) was assigned using residential postcode and gender self-reported. Associations of contexts and demographic factors with food quality stratified by meal type were determined using mixed binary logistic regression models.

Results
Of the 1840 eating episodes identified, 1775 were included in analysis (n = 8 preparation location and n = 57 food components that could not be identified were excluded). Food prepared at home was more likely to be from the FFG at lunch (OR = 4.8 95% CI 2.7–8.6), dinner (OR = 14.8 95% CI 7.6–28.6), and snacks (OR = 3.2 95% CI 2.2–4.8). Participants from higher SES areas were more likely to consume breakfasts (OR = 3.2 95% CI 1.4–7.4) and lunches (OR = 1.9 95% CI 1.0–3.7) predominately from the FFG. Females were more likely to consume lunches (OR = 2.0 95% CI 1.1–3.8) that was largely from the FFG. Social interaction and screen use were not associated with meal or snack quality.

Conclusion
Wearable cameras have verified the importance of addressing meals and snacks prepared outside of home as an important contributor of discretionary food.
Garnet EoS: a critical review and synthesis
Authors: Angel Ross J. , Gilio Mattia , Mazzucchelli Mattia , Alvaro Matteo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAll available volume and elasticity data for the garnet end-members grossular, pyrope, almandine and spessartine have been re-evaluated for both internal consistency and for consistency with experimentally measured heat capacities. The consistent data were then used to determine the parameters of third-order Birch–Murnaghan EoS to describe the isothermal compression at 298 K and a Mie–Grüneisen–Debye thermal-pressure EoS to describe the PVT behaviour. In a full Mie–Grüneisen–Debye EoS, the variation of the thermal Grüneisen parameter with volume is defined as $$\gamma = {\gamma }_{0}{\left(\frac{V}{{V}_{0}}\right)}^{q}$$

γ
=

γ
0

V

V
0

q

. For grossular and pyrope garnets, there is sufficient data to refine q which has a value of q = 0.8(2) for both garnets. For other garnets, the data do not constrain the value of q and we therefore refined a q-compromise version of the Mie–Grüneisen–Debye EoS in which both γ/V and the Debye temperature θ D are held constant at all P and T, leading to $$\left( {{\raise0.7ex\hbox{${\partial C_{{\text{V}}} }$} \!\mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\partial C_{{\text{V}}} } {\partial P}}}\right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} \!\lower0.7ex\hbox{${\partial P}$}}} \right)_{{\text{T}}} = 0$$

∂

C
V

∂
P

T

=
0

, parallel isochors and constant isothermal bulk modulus along an isochor. Final refined parameters for the q-compromise Mie–Grüneisen–Debye EoS are:

Pyrope
Almandine
Spessartine
Grossular

V0 (cm3/mol)a
113.13
115.25
117.92
125.35

K0T (GPa)
169.3 (3)
174.6 (4)
177.57 (6)
167.0 (2)

$$K^{\prime}_{{0{\text{T}}}}$$

K

0
T

′

4.55 (5)
5.41 (13)
4.6 (3)
5.07 (8)

θ D0
771 (28)
862 (22)
860 (35)
750 (13)

γ0
1.185 (12)
1.16 (fixed)
1.18 (3)
1.156 (6)

for pyrope and grossular, the two versions of the Mie–Grüneisen–Debye EoS predict indistinguishable properties over the metamorphic pressure and temperature range, and the same properties as the EoS based on experimental heat capacities. The biggest change from previously published EoS is for almandine for which the new EoS predicts geologically reasonable entrapment conditions for zircon inclusions in almandine-rich garnets.
Gibberellins in developing wheat grains and their relationship to late maturity α-amylase (LMA)
Authors: Mares Daryl , Derkx Adinda , Cheong Judy , Zaharia Irina , Asenstorfer Robert , Mrva Kolumbina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
α-Amylase synthesis by wheat aleurone during grain development (late maturity α-amylase) appears to be independent of gibberellin unlike α-amylase synthesis by aleurone during germination or following treatment with exogenous GA.

Abstract
Late-maturity α-amylase (LMA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) involves the synthesis of α-amylase by the aleurone tissue during grain development. Previous research identified a putative ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase gene, coding for an enzyme that controls the first step in gibberellin biosynthesis, that underlies the major genetic locus involved in variation in LMA phenotype. The reported results for gene transcript analysis, preliminary gibberellin analysis and the effects of DELLA mutants on LMA phenotype appeared to be consistent with involvement of gibberellin but did not provide definitive proof of a causal link. Conversely, several observations do not appear to be consistent with this hypothesis. In this current study, LMA phenotype, gibberellin profiles and ABA content were recorded for experiments involving susceptible and resistant genotypes, gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors, genetic lines containing different LMA quantitative trait loci and treatment of distal halves of developing grains with exogenous gibberellin. The results suggested that gibberellin may not be a prerequisite for LMA expression and further that the mechanism involved in triggering α-amylase synthesis did not correspond to the model proposed for germination and gibberellin challenged aleurone of ripe grain. The results provide new insight into LMA and highlight the need to investigate alternate pathways for the induction of α-amylase gene transcription, the function of novel 1-β-OH gibberellins and other functions of DELLA proteins in developing grains.
An efficient numerical scheme for the FE-approximation of magnetic stray fields in infinite domains
Authors: Schröder Jörg , Reichel Maximilian , Birk Carolin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this contribution we propose an efficient and simple finite-element procedure for the approximation of open boundary problems for applications in magnetostatics. In these problems, the interaction of the solid with external space plays a crucial role because of the magnetic stray fields that arise. For this purpose, the infinite region under consideration is approximated by a sufficiently large domain. This region is then divided into a so-called interior domain and an exterior domain. As an essential prerequisite, we assume linear behavior of the (large) exterior domain. The latter is then reduced to the degrees of freedom of the connecting line (2D)/connecting surface (3D) of both domains via static condensation. The proposed finite element scheme can be seen as an alternative to established methods for infinite domains. These methods often require semi-analytical solutions to describe the behavior in the exterior domain, which can be difficult to obtain if heterogeneous structures are present. The proposed finite element procedure is not subject to any restrictions with regard to the topology of the exterior space. After a general introduction of the numerical scheme, we apply the method to problems of magnetostatics with nonlinear behavior in the interior domain.
Sensitivity analysis of factors controlling earth fissures due to excessive groundwater pumping
Authors: Li Yueting , Friedman Noemi , Teatini Pietro , Benczur Andras , Ye Shujun , Zhu Lin , Zoccarato Claudia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAseisimic earth fissures are complex consequences of groundwater withdrawal and natural hydrogeologic conditions. This paper aims to improve the understanding of the mechanism of earth fissuring and investigate the relative importance of various factors to fissure activity, including bedrock geometry, piezometric depletion, compressibility and thickness of the exploited aquifer. For these purposes, a test case characterized by an impermeable and incompressible rock ridge in a subsiding basin is developed, where stress/displacement analyses and fissure state are predicted using an interface-finite element model. Three different methods for global sensitivity analysis are used to quantify the extent of the fissure opening to the aforementioned factors. The conventional sampling based Sobol’ sensitivity analysis is compared to two surrogate based methods, the general polynomial chaos expansion based Sobol’ analysis and a feature importance evaluation of a gradient boosting decision tree model. Numerical results indicate that earth fissure is forming in response to tensile stress accumulation above the ridge associated to pore-pressure depletion, inducing the fissure opening at land surface with further downward propagation. Sensitivity analysis highlights that the geometry of bedrock ridge is the most influential feature. Specifically, the fissure grows more when the ridge is steeper and closer to the land surface. Pore pressure depletion is a secondary feature and required to reach a certain threshold to activate the fissure. As for this specific application, the gradient boosting tree is the most suitable method for its better performance in capturing fissure characteristics.
Prozesse der nonverbalen Kommunikation im psychotherapeutischen Mehrpersonensetting – eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Huber-Hirk Anna 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden naturalistisch angelegten Studie wurde das körperliche Zusammenspiel von Therapieteilnehmer_innen im Kontext von systemischen Psychotherapiesitzungen im Mehrpersonensetting untersucht. Ziel der Studie war die Beantwortung der Frage, ob die subjektive Einschätzung der Beziehungsqualität der Therapieteilnehmer_innen mit der Anzahl, Dauer und Intensität von beobachtbarem (synchronem) nonverbalen Verhalten der anwesenden Personen korreliert. Dafür wurden fünf Therapiesitzungen im Mehrpersonensetting auf Video aufgezeichnet. Die zuvor von einer Interpret_innengemeinschaft ausgewählten Schlüsselszenen wurden in einem manuellen Annotationstool auf fünf körpersprachliche Kategorien (Mimik, Augenkontakt, Kopfbewegungen, Gestik und Körperhaltung) hin untersucht. Statistische Analysen zeigen, dass mehrere Variablen nonverbalen Verhaltens – und hier insbesondere die erforschten mimisch-affektiven Verhaltensweisen – mit der subjektiven Einschätzung der Stärke der therapeutischen Allianz korrelieren. Wie bereits in vorrangegangenen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten beschrieben, legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass die nonverbale Kommunikation einen wichtigen Aspekt der therapeutischen Allianz ausmacht. Darüber hinaus zeigt die vorliegende Studie aber auch, dass das Phänomen der Mimikry auch zwischen drei und mehr Therapieteilnehmer_innen auftritt und in Zusammenhang mit der Stärke der therapeutischen Allianz steht. Die vorliegende Studie beleuchtet die Rolle der Mimikry aus systemischer Perspektive und erläutert die körpersprachliche Mitgestaltung auf Beziehungsebene in der Psychotherapie.
Does a working day keep the doctor away? A critical review of the impact of unemployment and job insecurity on health and social care utilisation
Authors: Li Keyi , Lorgelly Paula , Jasim Sarah , Morris Tiyi , Gomes Manuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile the negative impact of unemployment on health is relatively well established, the extent to which that impact reflects on changes in health and social care utilisation is not well understood. This paper critically reviews the direction, magnitude and drivers of the impact of unemployment and job insecurity on health and social care utilisation across different care settings. We identified 28 relevant studies, which included 79 estimates of association between unemployment/job insecurity and healthcare utilisation. Positive associations dominated mental health services (N = 8 out of 11), but not necessarily primary care (N = 25 out of 43) or hospital care (N = 5 out of 22). We conducted a meta-analysis to summarise the magnitude of the impact and found that unemployed individuals were about 30% more likely to use health services compared to those employed, although this was largely driven by mental health service use. Key driving factors included financial pressure, health insurance, social network, disposable time and depression/anxiety. This review suggests that unemployment is likely to be associated with increased mental health service use, but there is considerable uncertainty around primary and hospital care utilisation. Future work to examine the impact across other settings, including community and social care, and further explore non-health determinants of utilisation is needed. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020177668).