bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline of case reports in pathology and their renewal in the digital age: an analysis of publication trends over four decades
Authors: Cima Luca , Pagliuca Francesca , Torresani Evelin , Polonia Antonio , Eloy Catarina , Dhanasekeran Venkatesh , Mannan Rifat , Gamba Torrez Silvia , Mirabassi Nicola , Cassisa Angelo , Palicelli Andrea , Barbareschi Mattia 
Published: December 2022

AimsWe investigated the trend in case reports (CRs) publication in a sample of pathology journals. Furthermore, we proposed an alternative publishing route through new digital communication platforms, represented by the ‘social media case report’.Methods28 pathology journals were selected from SCImago database and searched in PubMed to identify the number of published CRs. Four reference decades (1981–2020) were selected. The 5-year impact factor (IF) was retrieved from the Academic Accelerator database.ResultsCRs increased during the first three decades (6752, 8698 and 11148, respectively; mean values: 355, 27.3%; 334, 26.4%; 398, 28.8%) as the number of CR-publishing journals (19, 26 and 28, respectively). In the last decade, CRs significantly decreased (9341; mean 334, 23.6%) without variation in the number of CR-publishing journals (28). Half of the journals reduced CRs (from −1.1% to −37.9%; mean decreasing percentage −14.7%), especially if active since the first decade (11/14, 79%); the other half increased CRs (from +0.5% to +34.2%; mean increasing percentage +11.8%), with 8/14 (57%) starting publishing in the first decade. The 5-year IF ranged from 0.504 to 5.722. Most of the journals with IF ≥2 (10/14, 71%) reduced the CRs number, while 71% of journals with IF <2 increased CRs publication (especially journals with IF <1, +15.1%).ConclusionsCRs publication decreased during the last decade, especially for journals which are older or have higher IF. Social media CRs may represent a valid alternative and by using standardised templates to enter all relevant data may be organised in digital databases and/or transformed in traditional CRs.
Atlantic salmon of wild and hatchery origin have different migration patterns
Authors: Nilsen Cecilie I. , Vollset Knut Wiik , Velle Gaute , Barlaup Bjørn Torgeir , Normann Eirik Straume , Stöger Elisabeth , Lennox Robert James 
Published: December 2022

Hatcheries are frequently used to support or restore threatened Atlantic salmon populations. However, little is known about how rearing affects behaviour and fitness of hatchery adults that return to the river to spawn. We used acoustic telemetry to compare migration patterns exhibited by hatchery ( N = 16) and wild ( N = 12) Atlantic salmon spawners within a river system in Norway. Hatchery Atlantic salmon in this study were released as smolts and were identified by their missing adipose fin upon return to rivers after 1+ winters spent at sea. Hatchery-origin Atlantic salmon displayed aberrant reverse movement behaviour, by moving with frequent reversals between the river and the fjord, a behaviour that was not observed in any wild Atlantic salmon. No difference in survival and outmigration timing after spawning was found for the two groups. The observed effect of hatchery origin on behavior may have implications for stock assessments made to assess the progress of restoration in the river, particularly if behavioural differences impact catchability or detections of returning adult salmon. The consequences of different movement patterns are uncertain; however, movements are energetically costly and may ultimately impact the fitness of hatchery Atlantic salmon.
Gauge-invariant coefficients in perturbative quantum gravity
Authors: Bastianelli Fiorenzo , Bonezzi Roberto , Melis Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHeat kernel methods are useful for studying properties of quantum gravity. We recompute the first three heat kernel coefficients in perturbative quantum gravity with cosmological constant to ascertain which ones are correctly reported in the literature. They correspond to the counterterms needed to renormalize the one-loop effective action in four dimensions. They may be evaluated at arbitrary dimensions D, in which case they identify only a subset of the divergences appearing in the effective action for $$D\ge 6$$

D
≥
6

. Generically, these coefficients depend on the gauge-fixing choice adopted in quantizing the Einstein–Hilbert action. However, they become gauge-invariant once evaluated on-shell, i.e. using Einstein’s equations with cosmological constant. Thus, we identify these gauge invariant coefficients and use them as a benchmark for testing alternative approaches to perturbative quantum gravity. One of these approaches describes the graviton in first-quantization through the $${{\mathcal {N}}}=4$$

N
=
4

spinning particle, characterized by four supersymmetries on the worldline and a set of worldline gauge invariances. This description has been used for computing the gauge-invariant coefficients as well. We verify their correctness at $$D=4$$

D
=
4

, but find a mismatch at arbitrary D when comparing with the benchmark fixed previously. We interpret this result as signaling that the path integral quantization of the $${{\mathcal {N}}}=4$$

N
=
4

spinning particle should be amended. We perform this task by fixing the correct counterterm that must be used in the worldline path integral quantization of the $${{\mathcal {N}}}=4$$

N
=
4

spinning particle to make it consistent in arbitrary dimensions.
The translational μ-τ reflection symmetry of Majorana neutrinos
Authors: Xing Zhi-Zhong 
Published: December 2022

The present neutrino oscillation data allow [Formula: see text] (or [Formula: see text]) for the neutrino mass spectrum and support [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as two good approximations for the PMNS lepton flavor mixing matrix [Formula: see text]. We show that these intriguing possibilities can be a very natural consequence of the translational[Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] reflection symmetry — the effective Majorana neutrino mass term keeps invariant under the transformations [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] (for [Formula: see text] or 3), where [Formula: see text] is the charge conjugation of a constant spinor field [Formula: see text]. By extending such a working flavor symmetry to the canonical seesaw mechanism at a superhigh-energy scale, we calculate its soft breaking effects at the electroweak scale by using the one-loop renormalization-group equations.
Two Different Exits: Prediction and Performance of Stocks that are About to Stop Trading
Authors: Bai Ting , Hilscher Jens , Xiao Yitian 
Published: December 2022

This paper predicts the two most common stock market exits — mergers and drops — using logit models based on firm-level variables and analyzes the returns of stocks that have high exit probabilities. Such analysis is important for investors given that frequent exits are partly responsible for the large US listing gap (Doidge et al., 2017). High merger probability stocks have positive 3-factor alphas and lower-than-average volatility. Firms with high drop probabilities have anomalously negative 3-, 4-, and 5-factor alphas between [Formula: see text]% and [Formula: see text]% per month. Results are robust to controlling for the effects of skewness, volatility, and turnover on returns.
Improving Workflow Integration with xPath: Design and Evaluation of a Human-AI Diagnosis System in Pathology
Authors: Gu Hongyan , Liang Yuan , Xu Yifan , Williams Christopher Kazu , Magaki Shino , Khanlou Negar , Vinters Harry , Chen Zesheng , Ni Shuo , Yang Chunxu , Yan Wenzhong , Zhang Xinhai Robert , Li Yang , Haeri Mohammad , Chen Xiang ‘Anthony’ 
Published: December 2022

Recent developments in AI have provided assisting tools to support pathologists’ diagnoses. However, it remains challenging to incorporate such tools into pathologists’ practice; one main concern is AI’s insufficient workflow integration with medical decisions. We observed pathologists’ examination and discovered that the main hindering factor to integrate AI is its incompatibility with pathologists’ workflow. To bridge the gap between pathologists and AI, we developed a human-AI collaborative diagnosis tool—
xPath
—that shares a similar examination process to that of pathologists, which can improve AI’s integration into their routine examination. The viability of
xPath
is confirmed by a technical evaluation and work sessions with 12 medical professionals in pathology. This work identifies and addresses the challenge of incorporating AI models into pathology, which can offer first-hand knowledge about how HCI researchers can work with medical professionals side-by-side to bring technological advances to medical tasks towards practical applications.
Between familiarity and strangeness: Russian Jews in Josep Sabah’s letters from the coast of Entre Ríos
Authors: Kanzepolsky Adriana 
Published: December 2022

This article analyzes the correspondence exchanged between Josep Sabah, a teacher originally from the Ottoman Empire, and the leaders of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and the Jewish Colonization Association, institutions that had sent him to Argentina to found a network of Jewish schools in several towns in the province of Entre Ríos, from 1894 to 1922.
In the first place, we focus on the contradictory ways through which this cultured Jew, educated in French and Sephardic schools, represents the new settlers sent from Russia to Argentina by the Jewish Colonization Association. Second, we focus on the self-rendering of this teacher in his letters, and on the tensions between the expectations of his employers, the demands of the settlers and the gradual disenchantment with the conditions of life in his adopted country.
Transcriptional Dysregulation Underlies Both Monogenic Arrhythmia Syndrome and Common Modifiers of Cardiac Repolarization
Authors: Bersell Kevin R. , Yang Tao , Mosley Jonathan D. , Glazer Andrew M. , Hale Andrew T. , Kryshtal Dmytro O. , Kim Kyungsoo , Steimle Jeffrey D. , Brown Jonathan D. , Salem Joe-Elie , Campbell Courtney C. , Hong Charles C. , Wells Quinn S. , Johnson Amanda N. , Short Laura , Blair Marcia A. , Behr Elijah R. , Petropoulou Evmorfia , Jamshidi Yalda , Benson Mark D. , Keyes Michelle J. , Ngo Debby , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Yang Qiong , Gerszten Robert E. , Shaffer Christian , Parikh Shan , Sheng Quanhu , Kannankeril Prince J. , Moskowitz Ivan P. , York John D. , Wang Thomas J. , Knollmann Bjorn C. , Roden Dan M. 
Published: December 2022

Background:

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited arrhythmia syndrome caused by loss-of-function variants in the cardiac sodium channel gene
SCN5A
(sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5) in ≈20% of subjects. We identified a family with 4 individuals diagnosed with BrS harboring the rare G145R missense variant in the cardiac transcription factor
TBX5
(T-box transcription factor 5) and no
SCN5A
variant.

Methods:
We generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from 2 members of a family carrying TBX5-G145R and diagnosed with Brugada syndrome. After differentiation to iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs), electrophysiologic characteristics were assessed by voltage- and current-clamp experiments (n=9 to 21 cells per group) and transcriptional differences by RNA sequencing (n=3 samples per group), and compared with iPSC-CMs in which G145R was corrected by CRISPR/Cas9 approaches. The role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway was elucidated by small molecule perturbation. The rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval association with serum PDGF was tested in the Framingham Heart Study cohort (n=1893 individuals).

Results:

TBX5-G145R reduced transcriptional activity and caused multiple electrophysiologic abnormalities, including decreased peak and enhanced “late” cardiac sodium current (I
Na
), which were entirely corrected by editing G145R to wild-type. Transcriptional profiling and functional assays in genome-unedited and -edited iPSC-CMs showed direct
SCN5A
down-regulation caused decreased peak I
Na
, and that reduced PDGF receptor (
PDGFRA
[platelet-derived growth factor receptor α]) expression and blunted signal transduction to PI3K was implicated in enhanced late I
Na
. Tbx5 regulation of the PDGF axis increased arrhythmia risk due to disruption of PDGF signaling and was conserved in murine model systems. PDGF receptor blockade markedly prolonged normal iPSC-CM action potentials and plasma levels of PDGF in the Framingham Heart Study were inversely correlated with the QTc interval (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

These results not only establish decreased
SCN5A
transcription by the
TBX5
variant as a cause of BrS, but also reveal a new general transcriptional mechanism of arrhythmogenesis of enhanced late sodium current caused by reduced PDGF receptor–mediated PI3K signaling.
Containing Technology and Allies Alike: The Cold War, Intra-NATO Relations, and the U.S. Centrifuge Classification Initiative, 1958–1962
Authors: Hellendoorn Elmar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article discusses how West European governments reacted to U.S. efforts to control the emergence and spread of gaseous diffusion and ultracentrifuge technology for uranium enrichment. The article focuses on Dutch, British, and West German Cold War perspectives on nuclear technological cooperation with the United States. U.S. insistence on maintaining secrecy around the ultracentrifuge was driven not only by technological and nuclear nonproliferation concerns but also by overarching Cold War dynamics at the time of the 1961 Berlin crisis and NATO's nuclear modernization. The Dutch–West German exploration of bilateral nuclear cooperation on gas centrifuges and the subsequent U.S. classification efforts also reveal a story of transatlantic competition over technological ambitions, commercial interests, and Western Europe's strategic potential. The article thus highlights the intersection of the history of science and technology and Cold War diplomatic and nuclear history, combining fresh material from Dutch archives with U.S. and British primary sources.
The Many Faces of SALT
Authors: Jervis Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This interpretive essay explores the multiple, changing faces of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. When SALT I was being negotiated in the early 1970s, it was generally viewed as the product of contemporary arms control theory that stressed the value of crisis stability. The U.S. national security adviser at the time, Henry Kissinger, justified the talks in those terms while also positioning them as part of a broader attempt to forge a détente with the Soviet Union. But after the Cold War ended, Kissinger claimed that he had really been engaging in a holding operation to buy time for the U.S. government to rebuild support for a more assertive policy. Declassified documents reveal that he and President Richard Nixon hoped that technological innovations would yield military and political advantages. The two of them believed that previous administrations had failed to overcome dangerous military vulnerabilities and that the United States could get a better deal because the USSR was more anxious for an agreement than Nixon and Kissinger were. In the end, however, this did not prove to be the case, and SALT was little different from the sorts of policies Nixon and Kissinger had scorned. But SALT I was a centerpiece of détente and a symbol of U.S. and Soviet leaders’ recognition that each side had a legitimate interest in the other's military posture.
Assessment of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing for People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using IMPACT2DM, a New Explicit Tool
Authors: Ayalew Mohammed B. , Dieberg Gudrun , Quirk Frances , Spark Marion J. 
Published: December 2022

Background: People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at greater risk of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) due to multiple comorbidities and polypharmacy. IMPACT2DM (Inappropriate Medication Prescribing Assessment Criteria for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus) is a tool designed to identify PIP for adults with T2DM. Objectives: To assess PIP for adults with T2DM in Ethiopia using the IMPACT2DM and to test the face validity and clinical validity of the tool. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using data extracted retrospectively from the medical records of adults being managed for T2DM at Debretabore Hospital. PIP was assessed using IMPACT2DM. Some items/item components of IMPACT2DM were modified to increase the tool’s applicability for the outpatient setting, to clarify content or to use the terms most common in this particular setting. Multivariant logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with PIP. Results: More than 90% of medical records had at least 1 PIP. Prescribing omission (80.9%) was the most commonly identified type of PIP. Adults with prescribing omissions are more likely to be ≥40 years old or to be prescribed with <5 medications. Adults with dosing problems were more likely ≥50 years old, or have had a fasting blood sugar (FBS) level out of the target range (80-130 mg/dL). Conclusions: IMPACT2DM is a clinically valid PIP identification tool for application in an Ethiopian outpatient setting. Health professionals should be alert to check for potential prescribing omissions for adults ≥40 years old and dosing problems for adults with an FBS level out of the target range or >50 years.
Effectiveness of Unsupervised Exercise Therapy After Endovascular Treatment for an Iliac Occlusive Lesion
Authors: kobayashi Taira , Hamamoto Masaki , Okazaki Takanobu , Tomota Mayu , Fujiwara Takashi , Honma Tomoaki , Takahashi Shinya 
Published: December 2022

Objective Exercise therapy has acceptable outcomes for patients with intermittent claudication (IC), but there are few reports on the results of continuous unsupervised exercise therapy after endovascular treatment (EVT) for an iliac lesion. The aim of this study is to analyze the long-term outcomes of unsupervised exercise therapy for patients after EVT. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 76 patients (93 limbs) with IC who underwent iliac EVT from 2012 to 2020 at our hospital. Maintenance of unsupervised exercise therapy was evaluated at 6 months after EVT. Long-term outcomes such as primary patency, clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), survival, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were compared between patients who continued (cET group) or discontinued (dET group) unsupervised exercise therapy. Results A total of 28 patients (37%) continued unsupervised exercise therapy until 6 months after EVT for an iliac lesion. There were no differences in patient background and procedural details between the cET and dET groups. The follow-up rate was 96% in a median follow-up period of 35 [25 – 42] months. The mean exercise time in the cET group was 52 ± 18 minutes daily, with a mean frequency of 5.8 ± 1.1 days per week. The median step count in the cET group was 5559 ± 2908 steps daily. At 3 years, the cET group had significantly higher rates for primary patency (97% vs 71%, P = .002), and freedom from CD-TLR (97% vs 79%, P = .007); and a tendency for higher survival (100% vs 94%, P = .074), and higher freedom from MACE (89% vs 73%, P = .12). Conclusion The findings of this study suggested superior long-term outcomes, including primary patency, freedom from CD-TLR, survival, and freedom from MACE, in patients who maintained continuous unsupervised exercise therapy after EVT.
Timing and Outcomes of Endoscopy for Esophageal Food Bolus Impaction
Authors: Triadafilopoulos George , Gardner Jerry D. 
Published: December 2022

Background: The etiology, natural history, urgency, and timely management of esophageal food bolus impaction (EFBI) are not well known. Objective: To determine the optimal timing for endoscopic disimpaction and outcomes. Design: Retrospective observational cohort study. Setting: Urban community hospital. Patients and Methods: Patients with EFBI who presented to the ED were reviewed. Patient demographics, times from symptom onset to ED visit and times from ED to Endoscopy, endoscopic findings, and other data were analyzed. Results: Of 105 patients with EFBI, 74 required endoscopy, 31 cleared spontaneously. At endoscopy, 5 boluses (7%) had already passed into the stomach; 29 (39%) were pushed into the stomach using the endoscope; 6 (8%) were removed with rat tooth forceps; 16 (22%) were removed using the Roth net. The time from EFBI until arrival differed significantly between subjects who resolved spontaneously and those who received an EGD. Fifty percent of subjects resolved spontaneously within 3.3 hours, and 50% of subjects who received an EGD did so within 4.0 hours. The longest time from arrival until resolution was 13.1 hours for subjects who resolved spontaneously and 19 hours for those who received an EGD. There was a significant direct relationship between subjects’ age and time from EFBI and arrival but not between subjects’ age and time from arrival until resolution. Limitations: Retrospective, single-center, community study. Conclusions: Endoscopic disimpaction for EFBI is safe and effective even if it is performed within 10 hours after presentation. Overall, EFBI is not an endoscopic emergency and carries a favorable outcome.
Examining the impact perceptual learning artificial-intelligence-based on the incidence of paresthesia when performing the ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic block: simulation-based randomized study
Authors: Cai Nan , Wang Geng , Xu Li , Zhou Yan , Chong Hao , Zhao Yaoping , Wang Jingxian , Yan Wenjia , Zhang Bo , Liu Nan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the impact of artificial-intelligence perceptual learning when performing the ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic block.

Methods
This simulation-based randomized study enrolled residents who underwent ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block training at the Department of Anesthesiology of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 2022 and February 2022. Residents were randomly divided into a traditional teaching group and an AI teaching group. All residents attended the same nerve block theory courses, while those in the AI teaching group participated in training course using an AI-assisted nerve identification system based on a convolutional neural network instead of traditional training.

Results
A total of 40 residents were included. The complication rates of paresthesia during puncture in the first month of clinical sciatic nerve block practice after training were significantly lower in the AI teaching group than in the traditional teaching group [11 (4.12%) vs. 36 (14.06%), P = 0.000093]. The rates of paresthesia/pain during injection were significantly lower in the AI teaching group than in the traditional teaching group [6 (2.25%) vs. 17 (6.64%), P = 0.025]. The Assessment Checklist for Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia (32 ± 3.8 vs. 29.4 ± 3.9, P = 0.001) and nerve block self-rating scores (7.53 ± 1.62 vs. 6.49 ± 1.85, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the AI teaching group than in the traditional teaching group. There were no significant differences in the remaining indicators.

Conclusion
The inclusion of an AI-assisted nerve identification system based on convolutional neural network as part of the training program for ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block via the popliteal approach may reduce the incidence of nerve paresthesia and this might be related to improved perceptual learning.

Clinical trial
CHiCTR2200055115, registered on 1/ January /2022.