bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absence of Meckel's Cave with Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case Report
Authors: AlHatmi Asma , Al-Qassabi Ahmed , Raniga Sameer Bhimjibhai , Al Ajmi Eiman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTrigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disabling painful condition along the course of the sensory distribution of the trigeminal nerve that most commonly occurs due to vascular compression or conflict at the root entry zone of the trigeminal nerve. We report a 27-year-old female patient who presented with pain and an electric shock-like sensation on the right side of her face that started three years ago. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was done and revealed no neurovascular conflict along the course of the trigeminal nerve. The absence of Meckel's cave with atrophy of the cisternal segment of the trigeminal nerve on the affected side was reported. The absence of Meckel's cave is an exceedingly rare cause of TN, and only a handful of reported cases in the literature suggest the association between them.
Transperineal Ultrasound as an Adjunctive Modality in the Evaluation of ‘H or N’ Type of Recto-urethral Fistula: Technical Note
Authors: Ravisandhiran Bharathi , Chandola Stuti , Bhalla Deeksha , Bajpai Minu , Kandasamy Devasenathipathy , Jana Manisha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAnorectal malformations (ARMs) encompass a complex spectrum of congenital anomalies and H/N type anorectal malformations are extremely rare. In the presence of colostomy, an augmented pressure colostogram with or without retrograde or micturating cystourethrogram is the investigation of choice. Transperineal ultrasound is an imaging technique that allows a fairly accurate morphological assessment of ARMs along with dynamic evaluation of the anorectal structures and pelvic floor anatomy. Here we describe the role of transperineal ultrasound as an adjunctive modality in diagnosis of one such complex anomaly.
Spiral scanning nano-profiler using normal vector tracing method
Authors: Miyawaki Takashi , Endo Katsuyoshi 
Published: December 2022

Unlike interferometers that obtain data from the entire sample, three-dimensional (3D) measuring instruments acquire data from multiple points. A nano-profiler measures slopes at different points on the surface to determine the sample shape, while a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) utilizes contact or non-contact height displacement probes for taking measurements. Therefore, the 3D measurement time increases if the area to be measured is wide. This leads to a reduced measurement accuracy owing to environmental changes. To reduce the 3D measurement time, a nano-profiler that rotates measured objects at a constant velocity and quickly scans each measurement point by following a spiral trajectory was designed. The developed nano-profiler measures angular distribution instead of height distribution. This makes it possible to reduce the drive error during rotation. Compared to an interferometer, the measurement time was reduced from 163 to 17 min with the nano-profiler and a 10 nm peak-to-valley difference was achieved. The slope measurement with spiral scanning was confirmed to be a quick and accurate shape measurement technique that can be used while manufacturing high-precision optical components.
Realizability of iso-g2 processes via effective pair interactions
Authors: Wang Haina , Stillinger Frank H. , Torquato Salvatore 
Published: December 2022

An outstanding problem in statistical mechanics is the determination of whether prescribed functional forms of the pair correlation function g2(r) [or equivalently, structure factor S(k)] at some number density ρ can be achieved by many-body systems in d-dimensional Euclidean space. The Zhang–Torquato conjecture states that any realizable set of pair statistics, whether from a nonequilibrium or equilibrium system, can be achieved by equilibrium systems involving up to two-body interactions. To further test this conjecture, we study the realizability problem of the nonequilibrium iso-g2 process, i.e., the determination of density-dependent effective potentials that yield equilibrium states in which g2 remains invariant for a positive range of densities. Using a precise inverse algorithm that determines effective potentials that match hypothesized functional forms of g2(r) for all r and S(k) for all k, we show that the unit-step function g2, which is the zero-density limit of the hard-sphere potential, is remarkably realizable up to the packing fraction ϕ = 0.49 for d = 1. For d = 2 and 3, it is realizable up to the maximum “terminal” packing fraction ϕc = 1/2d, at which the systems are hyperuniform, implying that the explicitly known necessary conditions for realizability are sufficient up through ϕc. For ϕ near but below ϕc, the large-r behaviors of the effective potentials are given exactly by the functional forms exp[ − κ(ϕ)r] for d = 1, r−1/2 exp[ − κ(ϕ)r] for d = 2, and r−1 exp[ − κ(ϕ)r] (Yukawa form) for d = 3, where κ−1(ϕ) is a screening length, and for ϕ = ϕc, the potentials at large r are given by the pure Coulomb forms in the respective dimensions as predicted by Torquato and Stillinger [Phys. Rev. E 68, 041113 (2003)]. We also find that the effective potential for the pair statistics of the 3D “ghost” random sequential addition at the maximum packing fraction ϕc = 1/8 is much shorter ranged than that for the 3D unit-step function g2 at ϕc; thus, it does not constrain the realizability of the unit-step function g2. Our inverse methodology yields effective potentials for realizable targets, and, as expected, it does not reach convergence for a target that is known to be non-realizable, despite the fact that it satisfies all known explicit necessary conditions. Our findings demonstrate that exploring the iso-g2 process via our inverse methodology is an effective and robust means to tackle the realizability problem and is expected to facilitate the design of novel nanoparticle systems with density-dependent effective potentials, including exotic hyperuniform states of matter.
Linguistic picture of woman in French and Serbian
Authors: Marčeta Jovana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study examines the similarities and differences regarding the perception of woman between university students
in France and Serbia. The method of discrete free associations was used to reconstruct and compare models of the linguistic
picture of woman in the two language communities in order to explore the extent to which these pictures reflect properties
observed across languages (i.e., universal) and the extent to which they are language specific. The results show that the
relationship between the primary response and the stimulus in French is antonymous (woman-man), whereas the
primary response given by Serbian students indicates the stability of the concept of mother in the Serbian
language and culture. Nevertheless, the conceptual classification of the responses suggests that the linguistic picture of woman
in French and Serbian expresses shared stereotypic beliefs about women.
Anti-Muslim semantic framing by politicians, Facebook groups, and violent extremists
Authors: Sullivan Karen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecent studies have shown that semantic framing can reveal bias and racism. The current study introduces a novel method for locating frames in texts, and employs this method to find frames for Muslims, Europeans and Australians in a range of texts by anti-Muslim and non-anti-Muslim authors. The study finds that several derogatory frames previously associated with racism are applied to Muslims in the anti-Muslim texts, supporting studies showing that anti-Muslim bias resembles other forms of racism. Moreover, different frames are preferred by more and less extreme anti-Muslim authors, with certain frames predominating in the manifestos of white supremacist gunmen. These frames may be a warning sign that frame users are potentially prone to violence.
Forage seed system performance of Ethiopia: An overview based on key indicators
Authors: Kalsa Karta Kaske , Dey Bhramar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An increase in improved forages to serve as high-quality animal feed around the year is a necessity in countries with large livestock populations. However, for increased production of improved forages, a viable and sustainable forage seed system needs to be functional. In Ethiopia, an inadequate supply of forage seed has been identified as one of the major constraints to increased forage production. To assess the current state of the forage seed system, as well as, to monitor its growth in the future, the present study provides a framework that captures important information related to the forage seed system performance in Ethiopia. Data on key indicators along the forage seed value chain (such as variety development and release, early generation seed availability, commercial seed production, forage seed promotion and marketing, and seed quality assurance) were collected using a structured survey instrument. Results indicate a considerable number of forage varieties are already registered in the country through the national agricultural research system. However, a limited quantity of early generation seed is being delivered to seed producers. On the other hand, the involvement of commercial seed producers in the forage sector is limited. There are weak forage seed promotion and quality assurance mechanisms because most of the attention in the extension and regulatory structures is provided to the food crops. The study provides a template to monitor forage seed system performance in a developing country and identifies opportunities and recommendations for development partners, practitioners, national stakeholders, and decision-makers active in the Ethiopian forage sector.
Coherent interaction of multistate quantum systems possessing the Wigner–Majorana and Morris–Shore dynamic symmetries with pulse trains
Authors: Stanchev Stancho G , Vitanov Nikolay V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present exact analytic formulae which describe the interaction of multistate quantum systems possessing the Wigner–Majorana and Morris–Shore dynamic symmetries with a train of pulses. The pulse train field can be viewed as repeated interactions of the quantum system with the same field and hence the overall propagator is expressed as the matrix power of the single-pulse propagator. Because of the symmetries the multistate dynamics is characterized by intrinsic two-state features, described by one or more pairs of complex-valued Cayley–Klein parameters. This facilitates the derivation of explicit formulae linking the single-step and multi-step propagators. The availability of such analytic relations opens the prospects for a variety of applications with ensembles of qubits, qutrits and generally qudits, e.g. analytic description of coherent pulse-train interactions, coherent amplification of quantum gate errors for accurate quantum gate tomography, dynamical rephasing of inhomogeneously broadened ensembles, quantum sensing of small electric or magnetic fields, etc.
Phonon Raman spectroscopy of nanocrystalline multinary chalcogenides as a probe of complex lattice structures
Authors: Dzhagan Volodymyr , Litvinchuk Alexander P , Valakh Mykhailo Ya , Zahn Dietrich R T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ternary (I–III–VI) and quaternary (I–II–IV–VI) metal-chalcogenides like CuInS2 or Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 are among the materials currently most intensively investigated for various applications in the area of alternative energy conversion and light-emitting devices. They promise more sustainable and affordable solutions to numerous applications, compared to more developed and well understood II–VI and III–V semiconductors. Potentially superior properties are based on an unprecedented tolerance of these compounds to non-stoichiometric compositions and polymorphism. However, if not properly controlled, these merits lead to undesirable coexistence of different compounds in a single polycrystalline lattice and huge concentrations of point defects, becoming an immense hurdle on the way toward real-life applications. Raman spectroscopy of phonons has become one of the most powerful tools of structural diagnostics and probing physical properties of bulk and microcrystalline I–III–VI and I–II–IV–VI compounds. The recent explosive growth of the number of reports on fabrication and characterization of nanostructures of these compounds must be pointed out as well as the steady use of Raman spectroscopy for their characterization. Interpretation of the vibrational spectra of these compound nanocrystals (NCs) and conclusions about their structure can be complicated compared to bulk counterparts because of size and surface effects as well as emergence of new structural polymorphs that are not realizable in the bulk. This review attempts to summarize the present knowledge in the field of I–III–VI and I–II–IV–VI NCs regarding their phonon spectra and capabilities of Raman and IR spectroscopies in the structural characterizations of these promising families of compounds.
Effect of principal environmental parameters on performance of LFMCW photonic radar during transmission
Authors: Chen Shilin , Pu Tao , Wang Li , Chen Kai , Liu Menghan , Zheng Jilin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Noncoherent and coherent systems of linear frequency modulated continuous wave photonic radar under normal environmental conditions are constructed by co-simulation. In particular, the simulation models of different atmospheric humidity conditions are constructed to analyze the quantitative relationship between the system’s ability to detect targets and humidity. It is discussed the relationship between detection distance and channel parameters under the premise of reasonable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, the SNR of the noncoherent photonic radar is reduced to less than 10 dB when relative humidity >40%, which the laser power is 8 dBm and the detection distance is 100 m. However, the coherent photonic radar has a good performance of more than 21.7 dB. The results show that the noncoherent system is more susceptible to atmospheric humidity than the coherent system, and the heterodyne detection coherent system can achieve longer detection distance and better weak echo signal detection capability.
Topological shadowing methods in arnold diffusion: weak torsion and multiple time scales
Authors: Clarke Andrew , Fejoz Jacques , Guàrdia Marcel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Consider a map which possesses a normally hyperbolic invariant manifold of any even dimension with transverse homoclinic channels. We develop a topological shadowing argument to prove the existence of Arnold diffusion along the invariant manifold, shadowing some iterations of the inner dynamics carried by the invariant manifold and the outer dynamics induced by the stable and unstable foliations. In doing so, we generalise an idea of Gidea and de la Llave (2006 Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.
14 295), based on the method of correctly aligned windows and a so-called transversality-torsion argument. Our proof permits that the dynamics on the invariant manifold satisfy only a non-uniform twist condition, and, most importantly for applications, that the splitting of separatrices be small in certain directions and thus the associated drift in actions very slow; diffusion occurs in the directions of the manifold having non-small splitting. Furthermore we provide estimates for the diffusion time.
Positive Lyapunov exponent for some Schrödinger cocycles over multidimensional strongly expanding torus endomorphisms
Authors: Zhang Guanzhen , Li Xiong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the paper we are concerned with the discrete Schrödinger cocycle over two kinds of expanding endomorphisms ond-dimensional torus with a large class of potentials and a big coupling constantλ, and will prove that the Lyapunov exponentL(E)>logλ8−log54for all energiesE.
A dynamic learning-based ECG feature extraction method for myocardial infarction detection
Authors: Sun Qinghua , Xu Zhanfei , Liang Chunmiao , Zhang Fukai , Li Jiali , Liu Rugang , Chen Tianrui , Ji Bing , Chen Yuguo , Wang Cong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of human mortality in all cardiovascular diseases globally. Currently, the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used as a first-line diagnostic tool for MI. However, visual inspection of pathological ECG variations induced by MI remains a great challenge for cardiologists, since pathological changes are usually complex and slight. Approach. To have an accuracy of the MI detection, the prominent features extracted from in-depth mining of ECG signals need to be explored. In this study, a dynamic learning algorithm is applied to discover prominent features for identifying MI patients via mining the hidden inherent dynamics in ECG signals. Firstly, the distinctive dynamic features extracted from the multi-scale decomposition of dynamic modeling of the ECG signals effectively and comprehensibly represent the pathological ECG changes. Secondly, a few most important dynamic features are filtered through a hybrid feature selection algorithm based on filter and wrapper to form a representative reduced feature set. Finally, different classifiers based on the reduced feature set are trained and tested on the public PTB dataset and an independent clinical data set. Main results. Our proposed method achieves a significant improvement in detecting MI patients under the inter-patient paradigm, with an accuracy of 94.75%, sensitivity of 94.18%, and specificity of 96.33% on the PTB dataset. Furthermore, classifiers trained on PTB are verified on the test data set collected from 200 patients, yielding a maximum accuracy of 84.96%, sensitivity of 85.04%, and specificity of 84.80%. Significance. The experimental results demonstrate that our method performs distinctive dynamic feature extraction and may be used as an effective auxiliary tool to diagnose MI patients.
Age-dependent cardiorespiratory directional coupling in wake-resting state
Authors: Yoon Heenam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. Cooperation in the cardiorespiratory system helps maintain internal stability. Various types of system interactions have been investigated; however, the characteristics of the interactions have mostly been studied using data collected in well-defined physiological states, such as sleep. Furthermore, most analyses provided general information about the interaction, making it difficult to quantify how the systems influenced one another. Approach. Cardiorespiratory directional coupling was investigated in different age groups (20 young and 19 elderly subjects) in a wake-resting state. The directionality index (DI) was calculated using instantaneous phases from the heartbeat interval and respiratory signal to provide information about the strength and direction of interaction between the systems. Statistical analysis was performed between the groups on the DI and independent measures of directionality (ncr: influence from cardiac system to respiratory system, and ncc: influence from the respiratory system to the cardiac system). Main results. The values of DI were −0.52 and −0.17 in the young and elderly groups, respectively (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the values of ncr and ncc were found to be significantly different between the groups (p < 0.001), respectively. Significance. Changes in both directions between the systems influence different aspects of cardiorespiratory coupling between the groups. This observation could be linked to different levels of autonomic modulation associated with ageing. Our approach could aid in quantitatively tracking and comprehending how systems interact in response to physiological and environmental changes. It could also be used to understand how abnormal interaction characteristics influence physiological system dysfunctions and disorders.
Spectral transition of multiscale turbulence in the tokamak pedestal
Authors: Belli E A , Candy J , Sfiligoi I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The transition in the turbulence spectrum from ion-scale dominated regimes to multiscale transport regimes that couple ion and electron scales is studied with gyrokinetic simulations of turbulent transport. The simulations are based on DIII-D high-confinement mode (H-mode) plasma parameters in the tokamak pedestal. The transition is initiated by varying the ion temperature gradient. To our knowledge, no full multiscale simulations of pedestal-like transport have been done previously. The experimental parameters lie in a bifurcation region between the two regimes. At long wavelengths, a complex, ion-direction hybrid mode is the dominant linearly unstable drift wave, while an electron temperature gradient-driven mode is unstable at short wavelengths. In the transition from the multiscale branch to the ion-scale branch, the magnitude of the ion-scale poloidal wavenumber spectrum of the nonlinear turbulent energy flux increases and the magnitude of the high-wavenumber spectrum decreases. The decrease in the electron-scale transport is due to nonlinear mixing with ion-scale fluctuations and the ion-scale-driven zonal flows. A shift in the total energy associated with the fluctuating electrostatic potential intensity from dominantly drift kinetic energy in the multiscale regime to dominantly potential intensity in the ion-scale regime is well-correlated with the trend in the total energy flux.
Accurate analytical models of hot carrier degradation in nMOSFET and nFinFET considering saturation effect
Authors: Li Zheng-Kang , Wu Zhao-Hui , Zhang Xiao-Wen , Li Bin , Lin Xiao-Ling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, models of hot carrier degradation (HCD) in nMOSFET and nFinFET, combined with the physical mechanism and reaction-diffusion framework and considering saturation effect, are proposed. The HCD data of different technology nodes of nMOSFET and nFinFET are used to verify the accuracy of the models. The results show that the prediction errors of device parameter degradation under different stress voltages are less than 10% for several types of short channel devices, which is better than the existing reported research results. Furthermore, the models have simple analytical expressions that allow them to not only be applied to device HCD prediction, but also be extended to circuit level HCD prediction tool more easily.
Sensitivity of the thermomagnetic instability in superconducting film to magnetic perturbation for electromagnetic interference detection
Authors: Jiang Lu , Xue Cun , Zhou You-He 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The time-varying magnetic field with electromagnetic perturbation is regarded as an important parameter for the thermomagnetic stability of superconducting film devices. In this work, using a thermomagnetic model, we investigate the sensitivity of thermomagnetic instability in superconducting films exposed to a linear ramp magnetic field, superposed by the additional AC magnetic perturbation with tunable amplitude and oscillation frequency. Surprisingly, we find that the thermomagnetic instability is a non-monotonic function with the increasing oscillation frequency of the magnetic perturbation, depending on the working temperature and oscillation amplitude. The unexpected non-monotonic sensitivity of the thermomagnetic instability is revealed by the characteristic oscillation of the electric field, which cannot be aggravated by the AC magnetic perturbation at very high frequencies. The findings of this paper demonstrate that the magnetic perturbation at very low or high frequencies is not the main factor that triggers the thermomagnetic instability of superconducting films. Furthermore, using the magnetic moment measurement, we propose possible electromagnetic interference detection by the superconducting film based on such non-monotonic sensitivity of the thermomagnetic instability, which can be used to detect the tunable target electromagnetic interference with characteristic frequency in a complex electromagnetic environment.