bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student reflections on an interdisciplinary pandemics course utilising systems thinking
Authors: Shelley Karen , Osborne Nicholas J. , Reid Simon , Willemsen Angela , Lawler Sheleigh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIssue addressedThe complexity and uncertainty of the COVID‐19 pandemic highlights the need to change training of public health professionals in higher education by shifting from siloed specialisations to interdisciplinary collaboration. At the end of 2020 and 2021, public health professionals collaboratively designed and delivered, a week‐long intensive course—Public Health in Pandemics. The aim of this research study was to understand whether the use of systems thinking in the design and delivery of the course enabled students to grasp the interdisciplinary nature of contemporary health promotion and public health practice.Research methodsTwo focus group interviews (n = 5 and 3/47) and a course opinion survey (n = 11/47) were utilised to gather information from students regarding experiences and perceptions of course design and delivery, and to determine if students felt better able to understand the complex nature of pandemics and pandemic responses.Major findingsStudents provided positive feedback on the course and believed that the course design and delivery assisted in understanding the complex nature of health problems and the ways in which health promotion and public health practitioners need to work across sectors with diverse disciplines for pandemic responses.ConclusionsThe use of an integrated interdisciplinary approach to course design and delivery enabled students used systems thinking to understand the complexity in preparing for and responding to a pandemic. This approach may have utility in preparing an agile, iterative and adaptive health promotion and public health workforce more capable of facing the challenges and complexity in public health.
Autoimmune conditions and pancreatic cancer risk in older American adults
Authors: Yuan Fangcheng , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Julián‐Serrano Sachelly , Arjani Simran , Barrett Michael J. , Koshiol Jill , Stolzenberg‐Solomon Rachael Z. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is highly fatal, and its incidence is increasing in the United States. Population‐based registry studies suggest associations between a few autoimmune conditions and PC risk, albeit based on a relatively small number of cases. We conducted a population‐based, nested case‐control study to examine the associations between autoimmune conditions and PC risk within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER)‐Medicare population. Incident primary malignant PC cases (n = 80 074) were adults ≥66 years and diagnosed between 1992 and 2015. Controls (n = 320 296) were alive at the time cases were diagnosed and frequency‐matched to cases (4:1 ratio) by age, sex, and year of diagnosis. We used multivariable‐adjusted, unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 45 autoimmune conditions identified from Medicare claims. Eight autoimmune conditions including ankylosing spondylitis (OR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.14‐1.84), Graves' disease (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03‐1.34), localized scleroderma (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.06‐1.52), pernicious anemia (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02‐1.14), primary sclerosing cholangitis (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.18‐1.59), pure red cell aplasia (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.16‐1.47), type 1 diabetes (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.07‐1.15), and ulcerative colitis (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07‐1.31) were associated with increased PC risk (false discovery rate‐adjusted P values <.10). In subtype analyses, these conditions were associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, whereas only ulcerative colitis was associated with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Our results support the hypothesis that autoimmune conditions may play a role in PC development.
Fathers’ help seeking behavior and attitudes during their transition to parenthood
Authors: Ghaleiha Amin , Barber Carrie , Tamatea Armon J. , Bird Amy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNew fathers face multiple changes as they take on this complex, demanding, and continually shifting role. The current study aimed to understand these experiences, especially the ways fathers seek help and information while facing stressful situations. Eleven fathers completed a semi‐structured interview about their transition to fatherhood and whether and how they sought help and advice through that process. Results were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach. Fathers viewed themselves as supportive figures and sources of financial and emotional stability for their families. Fathers experienced anxiety and uncertainty in their transition to parenthood, and utilized a variety of ways to cope with their stress; these were categorized into individual and interpersonal coping strategies. Most relied on their partner for emotional support, but some felt uncomfortable relying on her and using her for support while she was coping with pregnancy and new parenting. This study found that fathers tended to see themselves in a rather traditional role of provider and supporter of their partners and children, and this created some stresses for work‐life balance, and, for some, created a dilemma where they felt unable to seek emotional support from the person—their partner—on whom they would typically rely. These findings have important implications for fathers’ wellbeing and providing support programs for new fathers.
Sharpening Students' Racial Literacies through Multimodal Subversion
Authors: Howell Emily , Dyches Jeanne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis case study shares the experiences of 24 students in an urban high school in the U.S. Midwest who spent 6 weeks learning about, and applying tenets of, critical race theory (CRT) to their analysis of the canonicalThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Students created a visual essay reflecting their understanding of CRT in the novel and in their broader social milieu. Drawing from, and sharing possibilities for, merging theoretical principles from CRT, multiliteracies, and the writing process, we/the authors ask: How can students utilize multiple perspectives to sharpen racial literacies through multimodal design? These findings include three points of integration: (a) overt instruction, Whiteness, and organizing; (b) critical framing, intersectionality, and address; and (c) transformed practice, critical stance, and revise and survey again.
JNK pathway‐associated phosphatase illustrates low expression and negative correlations with inflammation, disease activity, and T‐helper 17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease children
Authors: Wang Caixia , Bai Cui , Mao Chenggang , Leng Xuefei , Wang Fang , Guo Xingqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundC‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway‐associated phosphatase (JKAP) modulates the T cell receptor and mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway‐mediated autoimmunity, thus participating in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the clinical implication of JKAP in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) children.MethodsC‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway‐associated phosphatase, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐23, interferon‐γ (T‐helper 1 secreted cytokine), and interleukin‐17A (T‐helper 17 secreted cytokine) in serum samples from 140 IBD children (including 60 Crohn's disease (CD) children and 80 ulcerative colitis (UC) children) were detected by ELISA. Meanwhile, JKAP from serum samples of 10 healthy controls (HCs) was also detected by ELISA.ResultsC‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway‐associated phosphatase was reduced in CD children (median (interquartile range (IQR)): 51.6 (36.8–69.5) pg/ml) and UC children (median (IQR): 57.5 (43.4–78.5) pg/ml) compared with HCs (median (IQR): 101.8 (70.0–143.2) pg/ml) (bothp < 0.05). In CD children, JKAP was negatively correlated with C‐reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.016) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p = 0.029); while in UC children, JKAP was also negatively correlated with CRP (p = 0.006) and ESR (p = 0.022). Regarding the correlation of JKAP with disease activity, it presented negative correlations with PCDAI (p = 0.001) and PUCAI (p = 0.002). Besides, JKAP was negatively related to TNF‐α (bothp < 0.05) but not interleukin‐23 (bothp>0.05) in CD and UC children. Additionally, JKAP was not correlated with interferon‐γ in CD or UC children (bothp>0.05), while negatively correlated with interleukin‐17A in CD and UC children (bothp < 0.05).ConclusionC‐Jun N‐terminal kinase pathway‐associated phosphatase shows low expression and negative correlations with inflammation, disease activity, and T‐helper 17 cells in IBD children.
Correlation analysis between vitamin A, D, and E status with altitude, seasonal variation, and other factors, among children aged 0–6 years in a Chinese population living in the Tibetan plateau of Ganzi prefecture
Authors: Huang Ping , Ke Gang , Lin Xinmei , Wang Quansheng , Lu Wei , Zeng Li , Xu Shiying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe attempted to understand the status of vitamin (Vit) A, D, and E in children aged 0–6 living in the Tibetan plateau areas of Ganzi prefecture, to provide the basis for relevant government departments to carry out physical examinations of these children and to prevent and cure four key diseases (Infantile diarrhea, nutritional anemia, rickets, and infantile pneumonia).MethodsSerum retinol and tocopherol levels were detected using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Serum levels of 25‐(OH)D were detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS). The polynomial logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of age, season, altitude, and gender on Vit A, D, and E levels.ResultsVit A and D had the lowest mean serum levels before the age of 1 year and with the most significant deficiency rates. The lowest Vit E levels were seen in the Toddlerhood group. The rates of deficiency and insufficiency were the highest. Vit A, D, and E levels were significantly affected by seasonal changes and were significantly higher in the summer than in any other season. Vit A and D were significantly affected by altitude, and their levels were lowest above 4 km.ConclusionThe overall levels of Vit A, D, and E in children aged 0–6 in the Tibetan plateau areas of Ganzi prefecture were lower than those in the plain's areas.
Identify an innovative ferroptosis‐related gene in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hu Gangfeng , Huang Xia , Zhang Bo , Gao Pingfa , Wu Wei , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSLC1A5 has been demonstrated to be associated with the progression of other tumors; however, studies are lacking in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we identify SLC1A5, as a novel ferroptosis factor, for HCC patients.MethodsThe core biomarkers were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and the genes present in liver cancer were validated using the public database. Then, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. In addition, we explore the relationship between SLC1A5 and clinical factors. Finally, we determine the effect of SLC1A5 on HCC cells using real‐time PCR, cell scratch analysis, transwell analysis, and CCK8 analysis in molecular biology experiments.ResultsCox regression model shows that SLC1A5 was an independent risk factor for HCC patients. GSEA results indicated high expression of SLC1A5 related to the fatty acid metabolism pathway. Clinical correlation analysis demonstrates that alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) expression was positively correlated with SLC1A5 (p = 8e−05), and the higher tumor stage means the higher expression of SLC1A5 (p = .02). In addition, SLC1A5 expression was also positively correlated with vascular infiltration of HCC (p = .04). Furthermore, the SLC1A5 function deficiency experiment explored its underlying impact on the biological function of HCC. qPCR, also called quantitative polymerase chain reaction, confirmed that SLC1A5 was highly expressed in liver cancer when compared with normal tissues. Studies have also shown that downregulation of SLC1A5 can inhibit wound healing, invasion, and proliferation of HCC cells.ConclusionIn conclusion, ferroptosis factor SLC1A5 is a new therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Identification of cuproptosis‐related subtypes and characterization of the tumor microenvironment landscape in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Huang Juntao , Xu Ziqian , Yuan Zhechen , Cheng Lixin , Zhou Chongchang , Shen Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCuproptosis is considered a novel copper‐dependent cell death model. In this study, we established a novel scoring system based on 10 cuproptosis‐related genes (CRGs) to predict the prognosis and immune landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsThe RNA‐seq data of HNSCC patients were downloaded from the GEO and TCGA databases and were merged into a novel HNSCC cohort. Multiomics landscape analyses were conducted, including tumor mutation burden (TMB), copy number variations and the interaction network of CRGs. Patients were then divided into different cuproptosis subtypes based on the expression of 10 CRGs and subsequently regrouped into novel gene clusters referring to differentially expressed genes. A cuproptosis score (CS) system was established using principal component analysis. The CIBERSORT, ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms were used to assess the tumor immune microenvironment. Moreover, the immunotherapeutic and chemotherapeutic responses were assessed.ResultsPatients were divided into three cuproptosis subtypes and subsequently regrouped into three gene clusters, reflecting different immune infiltration. Assessed by the CS system, those with higher CSs exhibited worse prognosis and higher TMB frequency. Nevertheless, the immune‐related analysis revealed patients in the low‐CS group appeared immunosuppressive and easily suffered from immune escape. High CSs possibly show high expression of immune checkpoint genes and enhance chemotherapy sensitivity to cisplatin, docetaxel, and gemcitabine.ConclusionWe established a novel scoring system to predict the prognosis and immune landscape of HNSCC patients. This signature exhibits satisfactory predictive effects and the potential to guide comprehensive treatment for patients.
Illustrating routine outcomes monitoring at different points in a patient's journey: Inpatient then daypatient treatment of a patient with depressive and borderline symptoms
Authors: Hooke Geoff R. , Savani Prachi , Stewart Brent , Araujo Suzanne , Page Andrew C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRoutine outcomes monitoring (ROM), combined with a psychotherapeutic intervention, can improve outcomes by assisting therapists in supporting patients who are off track to achieve a better treatment endpoint. While many ROM systems are suitable for particular clinical contexts, psychotherapy delivered in a hospital setting presents unique challenges. People can be treated as inpatients and daypatients, and psychotherapy may be delivered in multiple formats (e.g., closed and open groups; group and individual). The present case study will illustrate the adaptation of ROM to this environment with an 18‐year‐old woman with Borderline Personality Disorder. The patient was successfully treated with Dialectical Behavior Therapy as both an inpatient and daypatient. The case demonstrates the use of ROM systems and illustrate they are sufficiently flexible to accommodate these complexities of routine care.
Clinical utility of thiopurine metabolite monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease and its impact on healthcare utilization in Singapore
Authors: Yeo Jia Qi , Cheen Hua Heng McVin , Wong Amanda , Lim Teong Guan , Chowbay Balram , Leong Wai Fook , Wang Chunyan , Salazar Ennaliza , Chan Webber Pak Wo , Kong San Choon , Ong Wan Chee 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThiopurines are recommended for maintenance of steroid‐free remission (SFR) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Thiopurine metabolite monitoring (MM) is increasingly used in the West but remains novel in Singapore, with limited information on its therapeutic and economic benefits. Hence, this study aims to investigate MM's clinical utility and its impact on healthcare resource utilization in Singaporean IBD patients.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted at Singapore General Hospital outpatient IBD Centre. Patients with IBD, baseline MM during 2014–2017, and weight‐based thiopurine doses for ≥4 weeks were followed up for 1 year. Actions were taken to optimize therapy, and metabolite levels before and after the first action were documented. Outcomes assessed included SFR, no therapy escalation or surgery, healthcare resource utilization, and direct healthcare costs.ResultsNinety IBD patients (50 Crohn's disease, 40 ulcerative colitis) were included. Among them, 40% had baseline metabolite levels within therapeutic range, 31.1% sub‐therapeutic, 21.1% supra‐therapeutic, and 7.8% shunters. Repeated MM with subsequent dose optimization helped 67.2% of patients achieve therapeutic levels after 1 year. Overall, 87.8% of patients achieved SFR and 90% had no therapy escalation or surgery. Despite greater outpatient visits and laboratory investigations with MM, the median total healthcare costs at 1 year only increased marginally (S$6407.66 [shunters] vs S$5215.20 [supra‐therapeutic] vs S$4970.80 [sub‐therapeutic] vs S$4370.48 [control (within therapeutic range)], P = 0.592).ConclusionMM guided timely therapy escalation for non‐responders, identification of non‐adherence, and reversal of shunting. Therefore, it is a useful clinical tool to optimize thiopurines without significantly increasing healthcare costs.
本邦における医療用麻薬が抱える問題を考察する契機となったオピオイド中毒の1例(A case of opioid addiction providing an opportunity to consider the issues of medical narcotics in Japan)
Authors: (Shun Muramatsu) 村松 俊 , (Hidetaka Suzuki) 鈴木 秀鷹 , (Yumiko Shiba) 芝 裕美子 , (Hideshi Takano) 高野 日出志 , (Nobutaka Matsuura) 松浦 暢孝 , (Kosuke Yoshida) 吉田 耕輔 , (Manato Watanabe) 渡辺 真那斗 
Published: August 2022

要旨患者は88歳の女性。当院来院前日，構音障害，上肢の麻痺を認めていたが様子をみていた。来院当日意識障害を認めたため，当院へ救急搬送された。本人のそばにオキシコドン塩酸塩水和物の複数の空包を認めた。救急外来受診時，徐呼吸であり瞳孔は縮瞳していた。ナロキソンを静脈注射したところ，徐呼吸および意識障害は改善したのでオピオイド中毒と診断した。頭部CT・MRIでは右中大脳動脈・右後下小脳動脈領域に脳梗塞を認め，集中治療室での治療を続けた。オキシコドン塩酸塩水和物は他界した配偶者の癌性疼痛に対して処方されていたものである。一般に麻薬は麻薬および向精神薬取締法で厳密に管理されているが，未使用麻薬の返却については麻薬診療施設または麻薬小売業者に持参するように指導するのみである。アメリカ合衆国では，オピオイド中毒が大きな社会問題になっているが，現状では本邦における発生件数は少ない。一方で，慢性疼痛に対しての麻薬処方が解禁され，加えて一部のover the counter（OTC）薬にもオピオイドが含まれていることから今後オピオイド中毒の増加が懸念される。本症例は医療用麻薬によって生じた急性中毒であり，今後のこれらの取り扱いについてさらなる議論が必要であり報告した。
Climatology and the dynamic mechanism of the Levar wind and dust events in eastern Iran
Authors: Alizadeh Omid , Abniki Marzieh , Babaei Morteza , Irannejad Parviz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDust storms in eastern Iran have a wide range of socioeconomic impacts, yet long‐term numerical model analysis of the mechanism of strong winds and dust events in this region is limited. The regional climate model version 4 (RegCM4) coupled with a dust module is used to understand the climatology, climatic change, and the dynamic mechanism of the Levar wind and dust events in eastern Iran for the period 1991–2017. It is found that the strong Levar wind is the main driver of dust events in eastern Iran, particularly from June to September. Both model simulation and observations indicate that the Levar wind is strongest on the border between South Khorasan Province in Iran and Afghanistan. Our analysis indicates that the Levar wind is caused by the development of anomalous surface high pressure in Central Asia extending toward northeastern Iran and anomalous surface low pressure on the border between western Afghanistan and Pakistan. The strong pressure gradient force associated with these anomalous high‐ and low‐pressure systems is responsible for the strong northerly Levar wind on the border between Iran and Afghanistan. Dust activity in eastern Iran exhibits a distinct seasonality. The highest dust emission occurs on the border between eastern South Khorasan Province in Iran and western Afghanistan from June to September, where near‐surface winds are also the strongest. Relatively less dust emission occurs in dry beds of Jazmourian from June to September, south of Saravan in May, and Rig‐e Yalan in June. The removal of dust particles from the atmosphere is mainly by dry deposition in eastern Iran. The main sink of dust is located in the western parts of the Sistan Basin. Dust emission and burden in the main source of dust in eastern Iran have significantly decreased during the period 1991–2017, while near‐surface wind speed has remained nearly unchanged.
M2 macrophages with inflammation tropism facilitate cementoblast mineralization
Authors: Huang Xin , Wang Xiaoxuan , Ma Li , Wang Huiyi , Peng Yan , Liu Heyu , Xiao Junhong , Cao Zhengguo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCementum regeneration was regarded as the critical goal for periodontal regeneration, and M2 macrophage‐based therapy was expected to be a promising strategy. However, little is known about the effects of M2 macrophages on cementoblast mineralization and tropism, especially under inflammation. Here we investigated for the first time the crosstalk between M2 macrophages and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)‐stimulated cementoblasts.MethodsM2 macrophages were induced with interleukin (IL)‐4, and identified. CC‐chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression and secretion of inflammatory cementoblasts were detected by reverse transcription quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), western blotting (WB), immunohistochemistry for apical periodontitis (AP) mice, and by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Crystal violet staining was used to observe macrophage migration. Conditional medium (CM) and transwell coculture methods were applied to evaluate the effects of M2 macrophages on cementum mineralization with or without Pg, and to explore the mechanism. Mineralization‐related markers and pathway‐related proteins were measured by RT‐qPCR and WB.ResultsM2 macrophages were identified successfully. We found an increase of CCL2 in cementoblasts and their supernatant. Also, higher CCL2 in cementoblasts was observed in the AP model. Superior recruitment of M2 macrophages to supernatant from Pg‐stimulated cementoblasts or CCL2‐containing medium was verified. Moreover, CM2 and Trans‐M2 showed better mineralization‐accelerating and rescuing effects when compared to their controls, and application of p38 inhibitor partially blocked the promotion.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated the inflammation‐targeting and mineralization‐promoting effects of M2 macrophages on cementoblasts, which may provide evidence for M2 macrophage‐based cementum regeneration.