bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traveling More Independently: A Study on the Diverse Needs and Challenges of People with Visual or Mobility Impairments in Unfamiliar Indoor Environments
Authors: Müller Karin , Engel Christin , Loitsch Claudia , Stiefelhagen Rainer , Weber Gerhard 
Published: February 2022

It is much more difficult for people with visual or mobility impairments to prepare for a trip or visit unfamiliar places than it is for people without disabilities. In addition to the usual travel arrangements, one needs to know if the various parts of the travel chain are accessible. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous work that examines in depth travel behavior for indoor environments for both trip planning and execution, highlighting the special needs of people with low vision, blindness, or mobility impairments (MIs). In this article, we present a survey of 125 participants with blindness, low vision, and MIs. We investigate how mobile they are, what strategies they use to prepare a journey to an unknown building, how they orient themselves there, and what materials they use. For all three groups, our results provide insights into the problem space of the specific information needs when planning and executing a trip. We found that most of our participants have specific mobility problems depending on their disability. Feedback from the participants reveals that there is a large information gap, especially for orientation in buildings, regarding availability of high-quality digital, tactile, and printable indoor maps; accessibility of buildings; and mobility supporting systems. In particular, there is a lack of available and high-quality indoor maps. Our analysis also points out that the specific needs differ for the three groups. Besides the expected between-group differences, large in-group differences can also be found. The current article is an expanded version of earlier work [
18
] augmented by data of people with MIs.
Unconscious Influences on “Free Will” Movement Initiation: Slow-wave Brain Stimulation and the Readiness Potential
Authors: Armstrong Samuel , Bland Nicholas S. , Sale Martin V. , Cunnington Ross 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A central objective in the study of volition has been to identify how changes in neural activity relate to voluntary—“free will”—movement. The readiness potential (RP) is observed in the EEG as a slow-building signal that precedes action onset. Many consider the RP as a marker of an underlying preparatory process for initiating voluntary movement. However, the RP may emerge from ongoing slow-wave brain oscillations that influence the timing of movement initiation in a phase-dependent manner. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) enables brain oscillations to be entrained at the frequency of stimulation. We delivered tACS at a slow-wave frequency over frontocentral motor areas while participants (n = 30) performed a simple, self-paced button press task. During the active tACS condition, participants showed a tendency to initiate actions in the phase of the tACS cycle that corresponded to increased negative potentials across the frontocentral motor region. Comparisons of premovement EEG activity observed over frontocentral and central scalp electrodes showed earlier onset and increased amplitude of RPs from active stimulation compared with sham stimulation. This suggests that movement-related activity in the brain can be modulated by the delivery of weak, nonconsciously perceptible alternating currents over frontocentral motor regions. We present novel findings that support existing theories, which suggest the timing of voluntary movement is influenced by the phase of slow-changing oscillating brain states.
Milliet Dechales as Historian of Mathematics
Authors: Malet Antoni 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Jesuit C.F. Milliet Dechales (1621–1678), author of one of the most famous early modern mathematical encyclopedias, Cursus seu mundus mathematicus (1674), wrote a hundred-folio-page long treatise devoted to the “progress of mathematics,” which was published in the second, enlarged edition of his encyclopedia (1690). His historical treatise covers the gamut of mixed mathematics—including astronomy, mechanics, optics, music, geography and navigation, ars tignaria (art of timber-framing), and architecture. The early modern historical narratives about the mathematical sciences, from Regiomontanus’s Oratio (1464) onwards, have been aptly characterized by their literary form and goals rather than their historical content. Rhetoric, humanistic topoi, and philosophical filiation turned the histories of mathematics into powerful tools for different purposes. My account of Dechales’ tract on the “progress of mathematics” analyzes the ways in which it dovetails with Jesuit approaches to mathematics, provides legitimation to the mathematical sciences as well as to their authors, and contributes to define the role and boundaries of the discipline, in particular vis-à-vis natural philosophy.
Self-Consciousness without an “I”: A Critique of Zahavi’s Account of the Minimal Self
Authors: Alweiss Lilian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper takes Zahavi’s view to task that every conscious experience involves a “minimal sense of self.” Zahavi bases his claim on the observation that experience, even on the pre-reflective level, is not only about the object, but also has a distinctive qualitative aspect which is indicative of the fact that it is for me. It has the quality of what he calls “for-meness” or “mineness.” Against this I argue that there are not two phenomena but only one. On the pre-reflective level, experience is transparent. Conscious experience may well be reflexive (insofar as it is relation to me) but this does not imply that I additionally have a sense of what it is like for me to have that experience.
I do not just happen to disagree with Zahavi’s account of pre-reflective experience but, more importantly, I am concerned that he imposes it onto his interpretation of Edmund Husserl. Zahavi claims that when Husserl argues that consciousness is necessarily a form of self-consciousness, he must be committed to the view that we necessarily have a sense of ownership. However, Husserl only claims that I am self-conscious but not that I am a self that owns its consciousness. Zahavi thus misses the novelty of Husserl’s position, namely that I do not need to have a sense of abiding ownership, to have experience.
Bringing the New World Home: Moravian Gemeintag Meetings and Protestant Pastoral Authority, 1738–1746
Authors: Pietrenka Benjamin M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This essay offers the first comparative examination of the German Moravian Gemeintag and British evangelical “Letter Day” meetings in the mid-eighteenth century. Gemeintag meetings established a new, experimental approach to pastoral leadership at gatherings for religious devotion and prayer by endowing the lived spiritual experiences of believers with edificatory and didactic authority. The experiences and testimonies of believers read aloud at epistolary prayer meetings utilized this novel symbolic authority to the most significant effect by supplying material examples of, rather than biblical aphorisms or clerical pronouncements about, God’s favor. Comparative structural analyses and close readings of the epistolary content reveal how believers in distant mission fields temporarily operated as authorized mediators of the Gospel message. The Gemeintag and its British evangelical offspring, thus, made valuable contributions to the blurring of increasingly fluid ecclesiastical and pastoral boundaries wrought by the pluralization of Protestantism in the early modern period.
TikTok and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study of Social Media Content Quality
Authors: Yeung Anthony , Ng Enoch , Abi-Jaoude Elia 
Published: February 2022

Objectives Social media platforms are increasingly being used to disseminate mental health information online. User-generated content about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most popular health topics on the video-sharing social media platform TikTok. We sought to investigate the quality of TikTok videos about ADHD. Method The top 100 most popular videos about ADHD uploaded by TikTok video creators were classified as misleading, useful, or personal experience. Descriptive and quantitative characteristics of the videos were obtained. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials (PEMAT-A/V) and Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria were used to assess the overall quality, understandability, and actionability of the videos. Results Of the 100 videos meeting inclusion criteria, 52% ( n = 52) were classified as misleading, 27% ( n = 27) as personal experience, and 21% ( n = 21) as useful. Classification agreement between clinician ratings was 86% (kappa statistic of 0.7766). Videos on the platform were highly understandable by viewers but had low actionability. Non-healthcare providers uploaded the majority of misleading videos. Healthcare providers uploaded higher quality and more useful videos, compared to non-healthcare providers. Conclusions Approximately half of the analyzed TikTok videos about ADHD were misleading. Clinicians should be aware of the widespread dissemination of health misinformation on social media platforms and its potential impact on clinical care.
Arsenic trioxide-induced cardiotoxicity triggers ferroptosis in cardiomyoblast cells
Authors: Wang Linya , Liu Shuguang , Gao Chao , Chen Hui , Li Jing , Lu Jiran , Yuan Yuan , Zheng Xueling , He Hongbo , Zhang Xixi , Zhang Ruidong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wu Ying , Lin Wei , Zheng Huyong 
Published: February 2022

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been found to be effective in acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, ATO-induced severe cardiotoxicity limits its clinical application. To date, the mechanisms of ATO-induced cardiotoxicity remain unclear. It is hypothesized that ferroptosis may trigger ATO-induced cardiotoxicity; however, this has not yet been investigated. To clarify this hypothesis, rat cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells were treated with ATO with or without ferrostain-1 (Fer-1). The results indicated that ATO exposure induced H9c2 cell death and apoptosis, and the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1, administered for 24 h before ATO exposure, suppressed ATO-induced cell death, and apoptosis, as determined by Annexin V-APC/7-AAD apoptosis assay. Furthermore, Fer-1 displayed a cardioprotective effect through inhibiting the ATO-induced production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, improving the ATO-induced loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, alleviating hyperactive endoplasmic reticulum stress, and alleviating the ATO-induced impairment in autophagy in H9c2 cells. Overall, the cardioprotective effect of Fer-1 against ATO-induced cell injury implies that ATO may trigger ferroptosis to induce cardiotoxicity. These findings lay the foundation for exploring the potential value of ferroptosis inhibitors against ATO-induced cardiotoxicity in the future.
The World Stroke Academy: A World Stroke Organization global pathway to improve knowledge in stroke care
Authors: Saposnik Gustavo , Galanos Laura Ceci , Guerrero Rodrigo , Casagrande Florencia , Adhamidhis Emili , Gao Meah Ming Yang , Grupper Maria Fredin , Arsovska Anita 
Published: February 2022

Background The World Stroke Academy (WSA) ( www.world-stroke-academy.org ) is the educational platform of the World Stroke Organization (WSO). It facilitates educational activities (e.g. webinars and eLearning modules) and supports the WSO mission by providing high-quality stroke education to healthcare professionals. It provides evidence-based educational materials in a variety of formats to meet the needs of the WSO membership. Aim This article introduces the WSA, its core activities, and outlines how to access the many educational resources it offers. Results The WSA offers high-quality peer reviewed stroke education material and uses outcome metrics to assess and improve the quality of medical training of healthcare professionals. This article also highlights the importance of identifying knowledge and knowledge-to-action gaps through the creation of special projects and initiatives. It describes three areas in which the WSA has carried out recent educational initiatives, namely: life after stroke, women in stroke, and stroke checklist/pre-printed stroke orders. Conclusion WSA material is freely available, and we would encourage the global stroke community to use, and contribute to, its resources.
Long-term effect of moxibustion on irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bao Chunhui , Wu Luyi , Shi Yin , Shi Zheng , Jin Xiaoming , Shen Jiacheng , Li Jing , Hu Zhihai , Chen Jianhua , Zeng Xiaoqing , Zhang Wei , Ma Zhe , Weng Zhijun , Li Jinmei , Liu Huirong , Wu Huangan 
Published: February 2022

Background: Moxibustion is increasingly used for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study investigated the long-term effects of moxibustion for IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D). Methods: Patients with IBS-D were assigned to receive moxibustion or sham moxibustion (52 each, 3× per week, 6 weeks) and were followed up to 24 weeks. The acupoints were bilateral ST25 and ST36, body surface temperatures at acupoints were 43°C ± 1°C and 37°C ± 1°C for the moxibustion and sham groups, respectively. Primary outcome was changes in IBS Adequate Relief (IBS-AR) from baseline to 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the following: IBS symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS), Bristol stool form scale (BSS), IBS quality of life (IBS-QOL), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Based on an intention-to-treat analysis, the rate of IBS-AR in the moxibustion group was significantly higher than the sham group at 6 weeks (76.9% versus 42.3%; p < 0.001); the mean decrease of total IBS-BSS score in the moxibustion group was lower than that of the sham group (−116.9 versus −61.5; p < 0.001), both of which maintained throughout the follow-up period. Five specific domains of the IBS-SSS were lower in the moxibustion group than the sham, throughout ( p < 0.001). At week 6, the rate of reduction >50 points in IBS-SSS of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the sham ( p < 0.001), which persisted throughout the follow-up period. Similar long-lasting improvements were observed in BSS, stool frequency, and stool urgency ( p < 0.001). Improvements of IBS-QOL and HADS were comparable between the groups. Conclusions: Moxibustion treatment benefits the long-term relief of symptoms in IBS-D patients. Trial registration: Clinical trials.gov (NCT02421627). Registered on 20 April 2015.
Preoperative Risk Factors Affecting Outcome in Surgically Treated Pyogenic Spondylodiscitis
Authors: Ukon Yuichiro , Takenaka Shota , Makino Takahiro , Kashii Masafumi , Iwasaki Motoki , Sakai Yusuke , Inoue Takuya , Ishiguro Hiroyuki , Kaito Takashi 
Published: February 2022

Study Design Retrospective study Objective The primary aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of severe complications in patients following surgery for pyogenic spondylodiscitis (PS) using a surgeon-maintained database. The secondary aim was to investigate the predictors of early recovery. Methods We introduced a surgeon-maintained database of prospectively collected multicenter data that mainly focused on perioperative complications in 2012. Our surgeon-maintained database allows the retrospective collection of detailed data. We analyzed 143 patients who underwent surgery for PS from the 19,056 patients in the prospective surgeon-maintained database at 27 affiliated institutions between 2013 and 2017. Data relating to preoperative patient factors, infection factors, surgical factors, and pre- and postoperative blood tests was retrospectively collected. We performed multivariate regression analysis to evaluate the predictors of postoperative severe complications and early recovery in patients with PS. Results High updated Charlson comorbidity index (uCCI), chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes, Gram-negative bacteria, pyogenic osteoarthritis, high preoperative white blood cell count, and low preoperative platelet count were significantly associated with severe complications in patients undergoing surgery for PS. A high uCCI was the sole independent negative predictor on early recovery. Conclusion Careful perioperative management is necessary if surgery is performed on patients who are at a high risk of life-threatening events.
Laboratory assays of VWF activity and use of desmopressin trials in the diagnosis of VWD: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kalot Mohamad A. , Husainat Nedaa , Abughanimeh Omar , Diab Osama , El Alayli Abdallah , Tayiem Sammy , Madoukh Bader , Dimassi Ahmad , Qureini Aref , Ameer Barbara , Eikenboom Jeroen , Giraud Nicolas , Haberichter Sandra , Jacobs-Pratt Vicky , Konkle Barbara A. , McRae Simon , Montgomery Robert , O’Donnell James S. , Brignardello-Petersen Romina , Flood Veronica , Connell Nathan T. , James Paula , Mustafa Reem A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
von Willebrand Disease (VWD) is associated with significant morbidity because of excessive bleeding. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent and treat these symptoms. We systematically reviewed the accuracy of any von Willebrand factor (VWF) activity assay in the diagnosis and classification of patients for VWD. We searched Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for eligible studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 and the certainty of evidence using the GRADE framework. We pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity. The review included 77 studies that evaluated the use of newer tests of VWF platelet binding activity (VWF:GPIbR, VWF:GPIbM) and VWF:RCo for the diagnosis of VWD (13 studies), VWF propeptide to VWF:Ag ratio, and desmopressin trial for the diagnosis of type 1C VWD (5 studies), VWF multimer analysis and VWF:CB/VWF:Ag ratio for the classification of type 2 VWD (11 studies), genetic testing and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation to diagnose type 2B VWD (14 studies), genetic testing and FVIII:VWF binding to diagnose type 2N VWD (17 studies). Based on available diagnostic test accuracy, there appear to be comparable test accuracy results between newer tests of platelet binding activity of VWF function and VWF:RCo. The findings of these reviews support VWF multimer analysis or VWF:CB/VWF:Ag to diagnose type 2 VWD. The desmopressin trial test with 1- and 4-hour postinfusion blood work is the test of choice to confirm increased VWF clearance in patients with suspected VWD type 1C. Additionally, genetic testing is most useful in diagnosing type 2B VWD and has a role in the diagnostic algorithm of suspected type 2N VWD.
Cholangiocarcinoma presenting as dysphagia and misdiagnosed as gastritis: a case report
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhang Baoyue , Peng Runmei , Zuo Zan , Cheng Hongzhong , Zhu Jun , Chen Tianxing , Song Zhengji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Heterotopic tumor is a rare disease. Thus far, no cases of heterotopic cholangiocarcinoma have been reported in the world. Cholangiocarcinoma mainly metastasizes by direct invasion, and it can lead to liver metastasis in its advanced stage. There were few clinical cases of gastric metastasis in advanced tumors, mainly seen in breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, malignant melanoma, choriocarcinoma, and hematological tumors. Metastases of cholangiocarcinoma to the stomach also are exceptionally rare.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of difficulty swallowing for one year. Upon gastroscopy, we found the tumor at the region of the cardia and gastric fundus. Macroscopical appearance of the tumor suggested its malignant nature. Computed tomography (CT) findings showed that the wall of the cardia, fundus, and stomach body were thickened, suggesting a tumor. Because the patient had obvious difficulty swallowing, we invited cardiothoracic surgeons for consultation. They considered that the patient had definite mechanical obstruction in the lower esophagus; hence, they performed an operation. Immunohistochemical staining revealed low-to-medium differentiated adenocarcinoma (containing mucinous adenocarcinoma components) of biliary origin.

Conclusions
We highlight the importance of the endoscopic biopsy of gastric tumor. However, when its results are inconsistent with the clinician’s judgment, further examination is required. Endoscopic ultrasonography and enhanced CT may be a good choice. If necessary, on the premise of patient acceptance, the diagnosis could be confirmed after surgical excision. Here we report a case of a patient with heterotopic cholangiocarcinoma in the gastric fundus. The most common tissue ectopias in the digestive tract include esophagogastric gastric mucosal ectopia, duodenal gastric mucosal ectopia, and gastric mucosal small intestinal ectopia. Thus far, there have been no reports of ectopic cholangiocarcinoma and associated cancer in the stomach. In addition, metastases of cholangiocarcinoma to the stomach are also exceptionally rare, and most of them are due to a direct invasion. The discovery of the primary lesion is an important clue for the reliable diagnosis in such cases.
Seasonal COVID-19 surge related hospital volumes and case fatality rates
Authors: Ebinger Joseph E. , Lan Roy , Driver Matthew , Sun Nancy , Botting Patrick , Park Eunice , Davis Tod , Minissian Margo B. , Coleman Bernice , Riggs Richard , Roberts Pamela , Cheng Susan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Seasonal and regional surges in COVID-19 have imposed substantial strain on healthcare systems. Whereas sharp inclines in hospital volume were accompanied by overt increases in case fatality rates during the very early phases of the pandemic, the relative impact during later phases of the pandemic are less clear. We sought to characterize how the 2020 winter surge in COVID-19 volumes impacted case fatality in an adequately-resourced health system.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of all adult diagnosed with COVID-19 in a large academic healthcare system between August 25, 2020 to May 8, 2021, using multivariable logistic regression to examine case fatality rates across 3 sequential time periods around the 2020 winter surge: pre-surge, surge, and post-surge. Subgroup analyses of patients admitted to the hospital and those receiving ICU-level care were also performed. Additionally, we used multivariable logistic regression to examine risk factors for mortality during the surge period.

Results
We studied 7388 patients (aged 52.8 ± 19.6 years, 48% male) who received outpatient or inpatient care for COVID-19 during the study period. Patients treated during surge (N = 6372) compared to the pre-surge (N = 536) period had 2.64 greater odds (95% CI 1.46–5.27) of mortality after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. Adjusted mortality risk returned to pre-surge levels during the post-surge period. Notably, first-encounter patient-level measures of illness severity appeared higher during surge compared to non-surge periods.

Conclusions
We observed excess mortality risk during a recent winter COVID-19 surge that was not explained by conventional risk factors or easily measurable variables, although recovered rapidly in the setting of targeted facility resources. These findings point to how complex interrelations of population- and patient-level pandemic factors can profoundly augment health system strain and drive dynamic, if short-lived, changes in outcomes.