bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and optical characterization of banknotes using spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography
Authors: Wang Lei , Wu Di , Yv Siyi , Wang Chengming , Guang Xiaoli , Shi Gaojun , Yan Yuwen , Xie Lanchi , Huang Wei , Li Zhigang , Gao Shuhui , Zhang Ning 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCounterfeiting of banknotes remains a severe threat to economic security and social stability. The characterization of banknote has mainly relied on the assessment of various security features applied to the surface of the note. However, the surface features are easy to forge and contain insufficient information to discover the source. In this paper, a novel approach for banknote characterization has been proposed by employing spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) that can provide structural and optical features. Three groups of counterfeit Chinese 100 Yuan banknotes produced by different printing manners and one group of authentic banknotes were examined by SD‐OCT without any sample preparation and four distinct areas were selected for imaging. High‐resolution tomographic and three‐dimensional (3D) volumetric OCT images were obtained and a set of features were first revealed to characterize the banknotes qualitatively and quantitatively. The results demonstrated that SD‐OCT was effective to detect and classify different types of counterfeit banknotes and could potentially be used to link counterfeit banknotes to their sources in a fast, simple and nondestructive manner.
Evaluation of psychopathological symptoms, death anxiety, coronavirus anxiety, suicide risk, and associated risk factors among hemodialysis patients in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Korkut Süleyman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHemodialysis (HD) patients have significant mental health problems related to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the psychopathological symptoms, death anxiety, coronavirus anxiety, suicide risk, and associated risk factors in HD patients during COVID‐19.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted from July 15 to October 15, 2021, with 114 HD patients who were undergoing treatment in two central dialysis units.ResultsIt was determined that HD patients had high levels of psychopathological symptoms. Approximately, one‐third of HD patients (31.6%) had high to very high‐level death anxiety. Additionally, of the participants 30.7% had coronavirus anxiety, and also the rate of severe suicide risk was 10.5%.ConclusionsHD patients have experienced various mental health problems during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Psychosocial support and interventions need to be planned by the healthcare system and healthcare providers to help HD patients in managing their disease and related mental health problems.
New traction method (traction ring) for colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Huang Xin Yuan , Ji Ming , Li Peng , Niu Ying Lin , Meng Fan Dong , Yu Li , Wang Yong Jun , Zhao Hai Ying , Lv Fu Jing , Zhai Hui Hong , Zhang Shu Tian 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesColorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is challenging because of the difficulty in adequately visualizing the submucosal layer. Many traction methods have been developed to facilitate submucosal dissection; however, they are not widely applied. Therefore, we designed a new traction device, a traction ring, and conducted this pilot study to evaluate its feasibility and safety for colorectal ESD.MethodsTwenty patients with colorectal lesions who underwent traction ring‐assisted ESD were retrospectively included. The main outcomes included en bloc resection rate, R0 resection rate, procedure time, resection time, and intraoperative and postoperative complications.ResultsThe median procedure time was 74.5 min (range 35–269 min). The median resection time was 55 min (range 25–209 min). Application of the traction system accounted for only 2.7% of the entire procedure time. The en bloc resection rate was 95.0% (19/20), whereas the R0 resection rate was 90.0% (18/20). All traction rings were successfully set and retrieved. Significant intraoperative bleeding was not observed. One patient experienced perforation after treatment, but no further intervention was required. No delayed complications were observed within 1 month post‐ESD.ConclusionTraction ring is an effective and safe method for colorectal ESD and can be used at any location in the colorectum.
Practice patterns in endoscopic treatment for gastric varices: A Chinese survey
Authors: Xia Rui Qi , Huang Xiao Quan , Chen Jie , Luo Tian Cheng , Wang Jian , Jiang Si Yu , Ni Li Yuan , Zeng Xiao Qing , Chen Shi Yao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesGastric varices (GV), a common complication of liver cirrhosis, often cause serious consequences. However, the management of GV remains debated. In this study we aimed to explore the practice patterns of Chinese practitioners in GV treatment and discuss whether these patterns conform to the guidelines in China and around the world.MethodsBetween October 2020 and January 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to doctors from different regions in China via WeChat. Data on the practice patterns for endoscopic treatment with and without a multidisciplinary discussion team (MDT) clinic for GV were analyzed.ResultsQuestionnaires were collected from 241 practitioners from 29 provinces in China. Before endoscopic treatment, 100 (41.5%) of the practitioners arranged computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination. In endoscopic tissue adhesive (ETA) treatment, 183 (75.9%) of the practitioners chose ETA combined with lauromacrogol. Approximately one‐fourth of all practitioners did not prescribe drugs to reduce portal pressure. Only 75 (31.1%) of physicians preferred using early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) for patients at a high risk of treatment failure for GV. Compared to those without MDT clinics, practitioners with MDT clinics more often chose early TIPS for high‐risk patients (39.0% vs 18.9%, P = 0.001).ConclusionsTreatment for GV differ across China. Practitioners with MDT clinics can better use assistant strategies such as CTA to evaluate the risk and efficacy. Further clinical studies are needed, and more guidelines and consensuses are warranted to standardize clinical practice for GV.
Parent‐offspring inference in inbred populations
Authors: Runge Jan‐Niklas , König Barbara , Lindholm Anna K. , Bendesky Andres 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGenealogical relationships are fundamental components of genetic studies. However, it is often challenging to infer correct and complete pedigrees even when genome‐wide information is available. For example, inbreeding can obscure genetic differences between individuals, making it difficult to even distinguish first‐degree relatives such as parent‐offspring from full siblings. Similarly, genotyping errors can interfere with the detection of genetic similarity between parents and their offspring. Inbreeding is common in natural, domesticated, and experimental populations and genotyping of these populations often has more errors than in human data sets, so efficient methods for building pedigrees under these conditions are necessary. Here, we present a new method for parent‐offspring inference in inbred pedigrees called specific parent‐offspring relationship estimation (spore). spore is vastly superior to existing pedigree‐inference methods at detecting parent‐offspring relationships, in particular when inbreeding is high or in the presence of genotyping errors, or both. spore therefore fills an important void in the arsenal of pedigree inference tools.
Pericancerous lymph node imaging with indocyanine green‐guided near‐infrared fluorescence in radical esophagectomy: Protocol for a single‐center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Du Jianting , Xu Guobing , Yang Zhang , Zheng Bin , Chen Chun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence and mortality rates of esophageal carcinoma are higher than those of most malignancies in humans. Radical esophagectomy is the preferred treatment for early‐stage esophageal cancer. However, the extent of lymphadenectomy during radical esophagectomy remains controversial. Indocyanine green (ICG) is the most commonly used imaging agent for the diagnosis of tumors and metastatic lymph nodes in clinical settings. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate pericancerous lymph nodes imaging in video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery radical esophagectomy using a near‐infrared (NIR) ICG imaging system and to improve the detection rate of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and overall survival of patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsThis was a single‐center, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial (allocation rate = 1:1). Forty treatment‐naive esophageal cancer patients were recruited and divided into two groups: the ICG and control groups. The inclusion criteria were age, absence of preoperative neoadjuvant therapy, elective surgery, and signed informed consent. Data of participants at four different time points (preoperation, intraoperation, postoperative 1 week and 3 months) were collected and recorded. The main endpoint of this study was to explore the accuracy and false‐negative rate of lymphadenectomy using NIR‐ICG fluorescence imaging and to identify the location of esophageal cancer SLN combined with postoperative pathological reports.DiscussionThis trial will provide more evidence on the extent of lymph node dissection for esophageal cancer and contribute to the development of treatment guidelines for esophageal cancer.Trial registration numberNCT04615806.
Behavioral economics indices predict alcohol use and consequences in young men at 4‐year follow‐up
Authors: Gaume Jacques , Murphy James G. , Studer Joseph , Daeppen Jean‐Bernard , Gmel Gerhard , Bertholet Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe alcohol purchase task (APT), which presents a scenario and asks participants how many drinks they would purchase and consume at different prices, generates indices of alcohol reward value that have shown robust associations with alcohol‐related outcomes in numerous studies. The aim was to test its prospective validity at 4‐year follow‐up.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingGeneral population sample of young Swiss men.ParticipantsA total of 4594 Swiss young men (median age = 21, 25th ‐ 75th quartiles = 20.5 ‐ 21.5) completed baseline questionnaires; among those, 4214 (91.7%) were successfully followed‐up 4 years later.MeasurementsAlcohol reward value parameters (i.e. intensity, the planned consumption when drinks are free; breakpoint, the price at which consumption would be suppressed; Omax, the maximum alcohol expenditure; Pmax, the price associated with Omax; and elasticity, the relative change in alcohol consumption as a function of the relative change in price) were derived from the APT at baseline and used to predict self‐reported weekly drinking amount, monthly binge drinking, alcohol‐related consequences and DSM‐5 alcohol use disorder criteria.FindingsRegression analyses, adjusting for the baseline alcohol measure, age, linguistic region and socio‐economic indicators showed that intensity, breakpoint, Omax and elasticity significantly predicted all tested outcomes in the expected direction (e.g. standardized incidence rate ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.11 [1.07–1.15], 1.07 [1.03–1.10], 1.08 [1.04–1.11], and 0.92 [0.89–0.95], respectively, for weekly drinking amount, all P < 0.001). Pmax did not significantly predict any outcomes. Non‐adjusted correlations, baseline adjusted regression and ancillary analyses using (1) latent alcohol variables, (2) multiple imputation for missing data and (3) replications in training and testing subsamples to evaluate predictive accuracy provided consistent findings.ConclusionsThe alcohol purchase task demand curve measures of alcohol reward value are useful in characterizing alcohol‐related risk in young men and have long‐term predictive utility.
Endodontic management of a double‐type IIIB dens invaginatus in a vital maxillary central incisor aided by CBCT: A case report
Authors: Kalogeropoulos Konstantinos , Solomonidou Sophia , Xiropotamou Alexandra , Eyuboglu Tan Firat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractType IIIB dens invaginatus presents with diagnostic and treatment related challenges when in need of endodontic management as a consequence of its complex anatomy, especially when presented in a vital tooth with a periapical lesion. Apical periodontitis associated with two type IIIB invaginations in a central maxillary incisor of a 10‐year‐old patient was diagnosed. A cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan provided essential diagnostic information and steered the treatment plan. The two invaginations were separate, with no communication between them and the pulp. The pulp appeared vital and non‐inflamed. Endodontic treatment of the invaginations was carried out without intervention in the pulp. A 4‐month follow‐up periapical radiograph showed significant shrinkage of the lesion and a 2‐year follow‐up CBCT scan confirmed its complete healing. The pulp remains vital, responding normally to sensitivity tests. This outcome indicates that preserving the pulp's vitality is achievable through timely diagnosis.
Is each horse unique and unrepeatable? An explanation through morphometric and statistical analysis of the limb bones
Authors: Möller Richard , Graglia Florencia , Pizzigatti Dietrich , van Lier Elize 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHorses went through functional differentiation during their evolutionary and reproductive development, however, some body parts continued to improve their specificity for speed. Regarding this, we evaluated by morphometric analysis the relationship between limb section (LS) differences in the appendicular structures of horses. Two hundred and seven (n = 207) adult horses of different breeds and sex were selected. The limb section was measured by identification of topographic palpable skeleton landmarks with a measurement tape (centimetres). Quantitative variables (limb section) were analysed with PAST Paleontological Statistics Version 3.16. Spearman's ordinal or non‐parametric correlation coefficient was used to study the relationship between the limb section of each variable (p < 0.05), with a low coefficient of variation (<30%). In 45 analysed correlations, 35 were statistically significant and 10 were discarded becausep > 0.05. These results show that most variables were correlated with each other. As a result, we can imply that someLSof the horse's limbs are correlated with each other, positively or negatively and to a different degree. In conclusion, the correlations betweenLSlengths determine the size and shape of each horse, making individual horses unique and unrepeatable.
Feeding strategy and diet overlap in major fish stocks of Ayima and Gelegu Rivers, northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Eyayu Alamrew , Getahun Abebe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRiverine ecosystems contribute considerable fisheries production. However, in Ethiopia, there is a lack of comprehensive biological studies on such ecosystems. This study assessed the feeding habits of commercially important fishes of the Ayima and Gelegu Rivers. Fishes' guts were sampled seasonally from April 2017 to November 2018 using gill nets, cast nets and electrofishing. Four hundred and forty‐nine stomachs were analysed. Niche breadth and overlap indices were estimated using Levin and Schoener indices, respectively. The data indicated that Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Bagrus docmak (Forsskål, 1775) and Hydrocynus forskahlii (Cuvier, 1819) mostly preyed on fish, whereas Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) and Labeobarbus bynni (Forsskål, 1775) consumed detritus and macrophytes. H. niloticus, L. bynni and H. forskahlii were generalist feeders. There was a slight ontogenetic dietary shift observed in some predator fishes. In smaller sized L. bynni (6–20 cm, TL), insects and ostracods were important preys and their contribution differed significantly (p < 0.05). In H. forskahlii, the volumetric contribution of bivalves and detritus differed significantly amongst the different size classes. Generally, resource availability had little effect on the feeding behaviour of most fishes. This implies that fishes in floodplain rivers can forage any available prey without preference and accustom to a general feeding strategy to form biologically insignificant dietary overlap.
The evaluation of some serum immunochemical markers in early onset pre‐eclamptic women from Algeria
Authors: Kerboua Kheir eddine , Laasla Saadia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProblemProgress in understanding the underlying mechanism responsible for the syndrome pre‐eclampsia should reconfigure antenatal clinical care and minimize human and financial costs, yet at present there is no accurate theory that permits development of reliable predictive tests and prophylactic intervention to mitigate disease. To contribute to this ongoing effort, we aimed to assess various circulating markers pertaining to different theories.Method of studySerum samples from thirty‐four women with established early onset preeclampsia (ePE) were assessed in terms of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde‐ MDA), angiogenic status (PlGF & sFLT‐1), complement system (The alternative pathway‐ AP50 and complement factor H‐ CFH) and circulating inflammatory markers (Interleukin 6‐ IL‐6 & Procalcitonin‐ PCT). Control groups of gestational age matched patients included 20 gestational hypertensive (GH) and six normotensive pregnant women (NPW).ResultsOur work shows that PlGF is the only serum marker who does exhibit a continued decrease from NPW to GH to ePE (rpearson = ‐.428, p = .002). The ePE group had a profound impairment in circulating PlGF (66.93 ± 20.62 pg/ml) compared to GH (142.67 ± 39.79 pg/ml; p = .069) and NPW (636.83 ± 392.66 pg/ml; p = .002). Then, PlGF >71.29 pg/ml pg/ml is the cut‐off that has the highest negative predictive value enabling exclusion of ePE (Sp 78%, Se 70%, p = .000). No such interesting results could be obtained with the other markers.ConclusionOur data confirm that the angiogenic factor PlGF may be highly relevant in biological mechanisms underlying the development of ePE.
Morality, religious authority, and the digital edge
Authors: HEFNER CLAIRE‐MARIE 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTIn Indonesian Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), access to digital media is strictly regulated, if allowed at all. Young women students are viewed as particularly susceptible to the perceived moral dangers of uncensored internet content and the unmonitored communication of social media and cell phones. At the same time, digital literacy is seen as integral to social advancement and higher education. Some young women students and recent alumnae successfully cultivate a “digital edge”—the social agility to navigate the moral challenges, scrutiny, and social surveillance they encounter online while adhering to key gender norms. This “digital edge,” paired with religious training, creates new online spaces for young women to claim religious authority over peers and even parents. These microlevel efforts have potential macrolevel effects on the changing landscape of Indonesian Islam. Young women's online practices require an analysis that moves anthropological debates about Islam, women, and morality beyond narrow questions of resistance. [digital media, morality, women, religious authority, education, Islam, Indonesia]
Outcomes of pregnancies complicated by haemoglobin H‐constant spring and deletional haemoglobin H disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ake‐sittipaisarn Srimeunwai , Sirichotiyakul Supatra , Srisupundit Kasemsri , Luewan Suchaya , Traisrisilp Kuntharee , Tongsong Theera 
Published: June 2022

SummaryThe objective of the study was to compare the maternal and foetal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by Hb H‐constant spring (HbH‐CS) disease/deletional HbH (HbH‐del) disease and low‐risk pregnancies. A retrospective cohort research was undertaken on singleton pregnancies with Hb H‐CS and Hb H‐del diseases. The controls were randomly selected with a control‐to‐case ratio of 10:1. A total of 55 cases of HbH‐CS disease, 231 cases of HbH‐del disease and 2860 controls were compared. The mean gestational age at delivery and birthweight were significantly lower in the HbH‐CS group than in the HbH‐del and control groups. The clinical course of Hb H‐CS was more severe than that of HbH‐del disease. The rates of preterm birth, foetal growth restriction and low birthweight were significantly increased in the HbH‐CS and Hb H‐del groups. These rates were significantly greater in the HbH‐CS group than in the H‐del group. The maternal outcomes were not significantly different among the three groups. In conclusion, pregnancy worsens the course of HbH disease, more noticeably in HbH‐CS disease. Hb H disease significantly increases the risk of adverse foetal outcomes, more noticeably in the HbH‐CS group. Pregnancy is relatively safe for women with HbH disease.
Heads nods and boat bobs: Behavior of Iguana iguana is affected by environment and boat traffic in riparian tropical forest
Authors: Rice Elizabeth A. , Lewis Todd R. , Griffin Rowland K. , Grant Paul B. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough frequently studied in captivity, less is known about wild Iguana iguana. Herein behavior of riparian I. iguana was collected alongside climate, vigilance, and boat traffic data. Observations showed boat tourism potentially affects I. iguana negatively. We recommend minor changes by the ecotourism industry to alleviate visitor pressure on I. iguana.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
The cumulative effect of error in the digital workflow for complete‐arch implant‐supported frameworks: An in vitro study
Authors: Pan Yu , Tsoi James Kit Hon , Lam Walter Y. H. , Zhao Ke , Pow Edmond H. N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the error accumulation and distribution through various stages of the digital workflow for complete‐arch implant‐supported framework fabrication.Materials and methodsA resin model of edentulous maxilla with 6 dental implants was scanned using an intraoral scanner for 10 times (Complete‐digital group). Ten conventional gypsum casts were made and digitized by a laboratory scanner (Analogue‐digital group). Five implant frameworks were designed and milled using CAD‐CAM technique for each workflow. Inter‐implant distances and angles of the resin model (reference) and frameworks were measured by a coordinate measuring machine, while the scans and virtual frameworks were examined by an inspection software. Effect of type of workflow and the individual stage on the accuracy of the frameworks were analysed by Two‐way ANOVA.ResultsThe expanded uncertainty of both workflows was ~150 μm and ~ 0.8°. The accuracy of the CAD stage was the highest. In the complete‐digital workflow, the greatest distortion was found in the data acquisition stage, while in the analogue‐digital workflow, it was found in the CAM stage. Compared with the analogue‐digital group, the complete‐digital group showed a significant higher precision in the first quadrant, but lower trueness in the second quadrant in data acquisition, and a significantly lower precision in the second quadrant at the CAD stage.ConclusionsLinear distortions of the complete‐digital and analogue‐digital workflows were clinically acceptable, while angular distortions were not. Distortions were generally derived from data acquisition and CAM stage. The CAD precision depended on the distortions derived from data acquisition. The complete‐digital workflow was not as accurate as the analogue‐digital in complete‐arch implant rehabilitation.