ODP377 Adolescents With Obesity Breastfed Until Four Months Age Have High Abundance Of Ruminococcaceae Bacteria In Gut Microbiota
Authors: Novikova Evgenia , Belkova Natalia , Pogodina Anna , Romanitsa Anastasia , Rychkova Lyubov 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Childhood obesity is a worldwide serious health issue leading to endocrine disruption. Childhood obesity risk factors are numerous, and in recent decades the significant impact of gut microbiota in the development of obesity has been shown (1). In turn, gut microbiota development can be disrupted by many factors in the early postnatal period, particularly by breastfeeding duration. Although studies were pointing out the impact of short breastfeeding period on the obesity-associated microbiota formation in childhood (2), the long-termed effect still remains poorly explored. Therefore, we assumed a contribution of breastfeeding duration to the gut microbiota composition in adolescents with obesity. The total cohort was 40 adolescents who were divided into four categories: 9 obese and 11 healthy adolescents who had been breastfed less than four months (SDS BMI=2.83±0.40 and SDS BMI=-0.17±0.55 correspondingly); 9 obese and 11 healthy adolescents who had been breastfed more than four months (SDS BMI=2.70±0.69 and SDS BMI=0.19±0.38). The mean breastfeeding duration was significantly different between the four groups (p=0. 0001). The metagenome sequencing of V3-V4 variable regions of 16S rRNA was done by Novogene Company (China) on the Illumina platform. Bacteria number of gut microbiota was presented as normalized values. Data was shown as median, lower and upper quartile, and compared by the pairwise Mann-Whitney U Test. Statistical significance was accepted at p&lt;0. 05. The Shannon and Simpson diversity indices as well as the ACE and Chao species richness indices of the adolescents’ gut microbiota were not differed for each group. We did not find any significant variations for the main phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. At the family level, the U Test indicated a significant increase in the abundance of the phylotype Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 in adolescents with obesity who were breastfed for four months or less as compared to the group with obesity and breastfeeding more than four months (365 (137; 499) and 99 (72; 149) correspondingly,р=0. 01, Z adjusted=-2.43). Moreover, adolescents with normal weight regardless of breastfeeding duration had similar amount of RuminococcaceaeUCG-014 as adolescents who were breastfed until four months and having obesity (145 (110; 381) for the group with normal weight and breastfeeding&lt;4 months and 154 (96; 245) for the group with normal weight and breastfeeding &gt; 4 months). The family Ruminococcaceae belongs to the phylum Firmicutes, which was proved before as a phylum increasing in gut microbiota of individuals with obesity (1). Our results confirmed that and furthermore, revealed the impact of short overall breastfeeding duration on the gut microbiota composition through an increased abundance of bacteria belonging to the family Ruminococcaceaein adolescents with obesity. Reference: (1) Turnbaugh et al. Nature. 2006 Dec 21;444(7122): 1027-31. (2) Forbes et al. JAMA Pediatr. 2018 Jul 2;172(7): e181161.
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