bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hematodinium perezi naturally infects Asian brush‐clawed crab (Hemigrapsus takanoi)
Authors: Gong Miao , Xie Guosi , Wang Hailiang , Li Xinshu , Li Ang , Wan Xiaoyuan , Huang Jingxian , Shi Chengyin , Zhang Qingli , Huang Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe parasitic dinoflagellates of the genus Hematodinium have been considered one of the most important emerging pathogens for a broad range of marine crustaceans around the world. In China, frequent outbreaks of Hematodinium infections have caused serious economic losses for local farmers since 2004. Wild crabs were recently indicated to play a vital role in the transmission and spreading of the Hematodinium disease in polyculture pond systems. Based on PCR amplification and histopathological examination, we demonstrated that H. perezi can naturally infect a wild crab species, Hemigrapsus takanoi, which were collected from the waterways located on the coast of Rizhao or Weifang, Shandong Peninsula, China. According to the sequence similarity analysis and phylogenetic analysis, the Hematodinium isolates were identified as H. perezi and belonged to genotype II. The prevalence of H. perezi ranged from 3.3% to 5.7% in H. takanoi originating from Rizhao (n = 165 wild crabs) and from 0.9% to 20.0% in that originating from Weifang (n = 1386 wild crabs), respectively. To our knowledge, H. takanoi is, for the first time, reported as a new host for Hematodinium. Given the wide distribution of H. takanoi on the coasts along the Shandong Peninsula and the relative high prevalence of infection we monitored in our study, we speculate that H. takanoi contributes to the introducing and spreading parasitic Hematodinium between ponds via waterways in a poly‐culturing system. Findings in this study broaden the host range of this parasite and expand the scope of our surveillance for Hematodinium disease in China.
Re‐description of the early Triassic diapsidPalacrodonfrom the lower Fremouw formation of Antarctica
Authors: Jenkins Kelsey M. , Meyer Dalton L. , Lewis Patrick J. , Choiniere Jonah N. , Bhullar Bhart‐Anjan S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe rapid radiation and dispersal of crown reptiles following the end‐Permian mass extinction characterizes the earliest phase of the Mesozoic. Phylogenetically, this early radiation is difficult to interpret, with polytomies near the crown node, long ghost lineages, and enigmatic origins for crown group clades. Better understanding of poorly known taxa from this time can aid in our understanding of this radiation and Permo‐Triassic ecology. Here, we describe an Early Triassic specimen of the diapsidPalacrodonfrom the Fremouw Formation of Antarctica. WhilePalacrodonis known throughout the Triassic and exhibits a cosmopolitan geographic range, little is known of its evolutionary relationships. We recoverPalacrodonoutside of crown reptiles (Sauria) but more crownward thanYoungina capensisand other late Permian diapsids. Furthermore,Palacrodonpossesses anatomical features that add clarity to the evolution of the stapes within the reptilian lineage, as well as incipient adaptations for arboreality and herbivory during the earliest phases of the Permo–Triassic recovery.
Observation of the clinical efficacy of isotope phosphorus‐32 dressing combined with diprospan and mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream in the treatment of keloids
Authors: Zhuang Bin‐yu , Hu Fang‐chi , You Yan , Zhang Liang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aims to investigate the effectiveness, recurrence, and adverse reaction rates of isotope phosphorus‐32 dressings combined with diprospan and mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream in the treatment of keloids.MethodsA total of 80 patients with keloids admitted to the Dermatology Clinic of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between June 2019 and June 2021 were included in the present study and randomly divided into three groups: Control Group 1 (n = 27), Control Group 2 (n = 25), and the treatment group (n = 28). Patients in Control Group 1 were treated with diprospan combined with mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream, patients in Control Group 2 were treated with an isotopic phosphorus‐32 dressing combined with mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream, and patients in the treatment group were treated with an isotopic phosphorus‐32 dressing combined with diprospan and mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream. The effectiveness, recurrence, and adverse reaction rates were observed in all three groups.ResultsThe treatment group had the most significant decrease in the itching scores. The respective effectiveness, recurrence, and adverse reaction rates were 81.4%, 43.6%, and 74.1% in Control Group 1; 56%, 38.7%, and 64% in Control Group 2; and 96.7%, 11.2%, and 41% in the treatment group. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05).ConclusionAn isotope phosphorus‐32 dressing combined with diprospan and mucopolysaccharide polysulphate cream keloid treatment delivers a fast onset, good effectiveness, and low recurrence and adverse effect rates.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping improves cerebral microbleed detection relative to susceptibility‐weighted images
Authors: Lee Kyuwon , Ellison Brian , Selim Magdy , Long Ngo H. , Filippidis Aristotelis , Thomas Ajith J. , Spincemaille Pascal , Wang Yi , Soman Salil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeCerebral microbleed (CMB) detection impacts disease diagnosis and management. Susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) MRI depictions of CMBs are used with phase images (SWIP) to distinguish blood from calcification, via qualitative intensity evaluation (bright/dark). However, the intensities depicted for a single lesion can vary within and across consecutive SWIP image planes, impairing the classification of findings as a CMB. We hypothesize that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) MRI, which maps tissue susceptibility, demonstrates less in‐ and through‐plane intensity variation, improving the clinician's ability to categorize a finding as a CMB.MethodsForty‐eight patients with acute intracranial hemorrhage who received multi‐echo gradient echo MRI used to generate both SWI/SWIP and morphology‐enabled dipole inversion QSM images were enrolled. Five hundred and sixty lesions were visually classified as having homogeneous or heterogeneous in‐plane and through‐plane intensity by a neuroradiologist and two diagnostic radiology residents using published rating criteria. When available, brain CT scans were analyzed for calcification or acute hemorrhage. Relative risk (RR) ratios and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a generalized linear model with log link and binary error.ResultsQSM showed unambiguous lesion signal intensity three times more frequently than SWIP (RR = 0.3235, 95% CI 0.2386‐0.4386, p<.0001). The probability of QSM depicting homogeneous lesion intensity was three times greater than SWIP for small (RR = 0.3172, 95% CI 0.2382‐0.4225, p<.0001), large (RR = 0.3431, 95% CI 0.2045‐0.5758, p<.0001), lobar (RR = 0.3215, 95% CI 0.2151‐0.4805, p<.0001), cerebellar (RR = 0.3215, 95% CI 0.2151‐0.4805, p<.0001), brainstem (RR = 0.3100, 95% CI 0.1192‐0.8061, p = .0163), and basal ganglia (RR = 0.3380, 95% CI 0.1980‐0.5769, p<.0001) lesions.ConclusionsQSM more consistently demonstrates interpretable lesion intensity compared to SWIP as used for distinguishing CMBs from calcification.
Right ventricular size and function evaluated by various echocardiographic indices in dogs with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Feldhütter Elisabeth K. , Domenech Oriol , Vezzosi Tommaso , Tognetti Rosalba , Eberhard Jenny , Friederich Jana , Wess Gerhard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThree‐dimensional (3D) echocardiography and 2‐dimensional (2D) strain measurements of the right ventricle (RV) are important indices in humans with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and need further evaluation in dogs with PH.ObjectivesTo evaluate various RV size and function indices in dogs with PH and to examine differences between pre‐ and postcapillary PH.AnimalsA total of 311 client‐owned dogs: 100 dogs with PH, 31 with postcapillary and 69 with precapillary PH, and 211 healthy control dogs.MethodsRetro‐ and prospective, multicenter study. Size and function of the RV was determined using several indices, derived using dedicated RV software, including 3D RV end‐diastolic volume (EDVn), end‐systolic volume (ESVn), ejection fraction, 2D global and free wall RV longitudinal strain (RVLS), end‐diastolic area, end‐systolic area, fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and tissue Doppler imaging‐derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S′n).ResultsThe EDVn (1.8 vs 2.5 mL/kg0.942, P < .01) and ESVn (0.8 vs 1.2 mL/kg0.962, P < .001) were significantly larger in the PH group compared to healthy controls. Free wall RVLS was decreased in dogs with severe PH compared to controls (−24% vs −29.6%, P < .001). Dogs with precapillary PH had worse RV systolic function than dogs with postcapillary PH.ConclusionThree‐dimensional echocardiography of the RV is a promising tool to detect RV changes in dogs with PH. Also, 2D strain measurements are able to detect decreased RV function and offer several advantages compared to conventional indices.
Impact of Goreisan components on rat mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessel pumping
Authors: Jo Michiko , Trujillo Andrea N. , Shibahara Naotoshi , Breslin Jerome W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGoreisan is a traditional herbal formulation with diuretic properties tested as a clinical therapeutic to alleviate lymphedema in Japan. The present study aimed to determine how Goreisan and its five different components affect lymphatic pump function.MethodsMesenteric collecting lymphatics were isolated from anesthetized Sprague–Dawley rats and mounted on resistance‐matched glass micropipettes in a 37°C physiological salt solution bath for studies. Diameter was continuously measured to obtain the following lymphatic pump parameters: contraction frequency (CF), end diastolic diameter (EDD), and end systolic diameter (ESD), contraction amplitude (AMP), ejection fraction (EF), and fractional pump flow (FPF). Goreisan and each of its components (Cinnamomi Cortex, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, Polyporus, and Poria) were applied to the bath at concentrations of 1–30 μg/mL.ResultsThe results show that while Goreisan causes no significant changes to lymphatic pumping, Alismatis Rhizoma and Polyporus each significantly reduce CF and FPF. In addition, rats that received oral administration of Goreisan and Alismatis Rhizoma for 1 week had elevated expression of VEGFR‐3 in their mesenteric collecting lymphatics.ConclusionsCollectively, the results suggest that some components of Goreisan have a direct, rapid impact on lymphatic pumping. These findings provide new insights but also raise new questions about the therapeutic potential of Goreisan in patients with secondary lymphedema.
Redeeming Poetics
Authors: Toussaint Steven 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this essay, I argue that ‘poetics’—defined as ‘poet‐criticism’, a practitioner’s firsthand reflection on poetic composition (poiēsis) and verse technique (technē)—makes possible for philosophical theology something that has heretofore been overlooked. I contend that Martin Heidegger’s rendition of the poetic ‘afflatus’, which travesties technē variously as an eidetic, violent, and inauthentic aspect of poiēsis, has exerted an outsized influence on contemporary theology’s engagements with poetry. The upshot is a tendentious dualism between poiēsis and creatio, through which the interdisciplinary movement known as ‘theopoetics’ currently deconstructs the doctrine of creation ex nihilo. I show that the quietism of theopoetics is merely the reverse face of Heidegger’s residual voluntarism. The neglected late essays of the poet‐critic Geoffrey Hill demonstrate that mastery in verse technique, far from conforming to Heidegger’s caricature, entails an erotically motivated co‐operation between the poet and their medium. Hill’s poetics is shown to be consonant with the metaphysics of creation and theological anthropology expressed in the writings of Nicholas of Cusa. I ultimately defend the continued relevance of the analogy between human poiēsis and creatio ex nihilo by appealing to Cusanus’s exposition of technē as partaking in the triune co‐inherence of God.
Soft toric contact lens wear improves digital performance and vision—A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Chao Cecilia , Skidmore Kelsea , Tomiyama Erin S. , Wolffsohn James S. , Richdale Kathryn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare objective and subjective digital near visual performance and comfort in low to moderate astigmatic participants fitted with toric versus spherical equivalent silicone hydrogel daily disposable contact lenses.MethodsThis was a double‐masked, randomised, crossover study. Participants aged 18 to 39 years with astigmatism of −0.75 to −1.50 D were recruited and fitted with toric and spherical contact lenses, in random order. Outcomes were measured at baseline and after 1 week of wear with each contact lens type after the follow‐up visits. High‐ and low‐contrast near logMAR visual acuity, automated visual acuity, zoom (%), contrast (%), reading distance (cm), critical print size (logMAR) and reading speed were assessed. Participants also completed the validated Near Activity Visual Questionnaire (NAVQ) and Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire 8 (CLDEQ‐8) for each correction type.ResultsTwenty‐three participants completed the study (74% female, average age 24.4 ± 4.2 years). When participants wore toric contact lenses, near high‐ and low‐contrast visual acuity and automated visual acuity improved by 3–4 letters (all p < 0.03) and participants were able to read faster on an iPad (p = 0.02). Participants were also able to read with 8% less contrast on the iPad with toric lenses (p = 0.01). Participants reported better subjective vision on the overall NAVQ (p = 0.001) and better comfort on the CLDEQ‐8 (p = 0.02) with toric lenses. Fewer participants reported difficulty with maintaining focus at near, reading small print, reading labels/instructions, reading the computer display/keyboard and reading post/mail with toric correction.ConclusionsToric contact lenses improve comfort, subjective and objective visual performance with digital devices and other near tasks compared with the spherical equivalent correction in participants with low to moderate astigmatism.
Lateral‐Opening Injection Tool Used in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty to Treat Asymptomatic Osteoporotic Vertebral Burst Fractures: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Sun Xin , Wang Jia , Liu Xingzhen , Tao Hairong , Zhu Tong , Wang Xiang , Shen Kangping , Jin Wenjie 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe adequate management of asymptomatic osteoporotic vertebral burst fractures (OVBFs) was still controversial. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) could achieve quick recovery with minor trauma, but there were certain safety problems by traditional bone cement injection method. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of lateral‐opening injection tool used in PVP treating patients with asymptomatic OVBFs.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of OVBFs treated in our institute from March 2016 to March 2020. A total of 66 patients (mean age 72.10 ± 7.98 years, with 21 men and 45 women) who were diagnosed with acute asymptomatic OVBFs with mild spinal canal compromise were treated with PVP by using a lateral‐opening injection tool. Two puncture needles were simultaneously placed transpedicularly in the fractured vertebra, and the inner core was removed, and the lateral‐opening injection tool was inserted. The adjustment of lateral hole was to improve the distribution height of bone cement and avoid the entry of bone cement into the posterior wall of vertebral body. Related clinical outcomes and images were assessed, including back pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), vertebral height ratio (fractured vertebral height/average adjacent nonfractured vertebral height), kyphosis Cobb angle, union of the fractured vertebral posterior wall, distribution of bone cement, surgical data, and complications.ResultsThe average follow‐up time of all cases was 21.23 ± 9.35 months. The mean amount of bone cement was 3.28 ± 0.35 ml in the vertebrae and the mean operative time was 34.02 ± 5.23 min. There were 60 cases of bone cement that contacted the upper and lower endplates on at least one side. There was no cement leakage into the spinal canal or fracture displacement of the posterior wall of the vertebral body in all cases. The VAS scores were 3.78 ± 0.42 at 1 day postoperatively and 0.53 ± 0.40 at the last follow‐up, significantly lower than 8.40 ± 0.48 preoperatively (p < 0.05). The average height ratio of anterior, middle, and posterior vertebral body after operation increased compared with that pre‐operation (p < 0.05), and the postoperative kyphosis angle decreased (p < 0.05). At 6 months follow‐up, there was no significant height loss of the vertebral body. Computed tomography examination 3 months postoperatively showed that the fracture of posterior vertebral wall healed well in all cases. There were seven cases of bone cement leakage without clinical symptoms and two adjacent vertebral fractures caused by falling. There were no cases of deep vein embolism, lower limb muscle atrophy, pneumonia, decubitus.ConclusionThe lateral opening tool can be safely and effectively used in the PVP treatment on asymptomatic OVBFs with mild spinal canal compromise.
Study on Risk Factors of Primary Non‐traumatic OVCF in Chinese Elderly and a Novel Prediction Model
Authors: Wen Zhenxing , Mo Xiaoyi , Zhao Shengli , Qi Zhichao , Fu Dan , Wen Shifeng , Cheung Wing Hoi , Chen Bailing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivePrevention of fragility fractures is one of the public health priorities worldwide, whilst the incidence of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) continues to rise and lacks the corresponding accurate prediction model. This study aimed to screen potential causes and risk factors for primary non‐traumatic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (NTOVCF) in the elderly by characterizing a patient population with NTOVCF and comparing it with a population of osteoporotic patients.MethodsBetween January 2013 and January 2022, 208 elderly patients with unequivocal evidence of bone fragility manifested as painful NTOVCF were enrolled, and compared with 220 patients with osteoporosis and no fractures. The demographic data, bone turnover markers, blood routine, serum biochemical values, and radiological findings were investigated. Differences between the fracture and non‐fracture groups were analyzed, and variables significant in univariate analysis and correlation analysis were included in the logistic analysis to build the risk prediction model for osteoporotic vertebral fractures. Univariate analysis using student's t‐tests for continuous variables or a chi‐squared test for categorical variables was conducted to identify risk factors.ResultsNo significant differences were revealed regarding age, gender, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, blood glucose, propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP), and N‐terminal middle segment osteocalcin (N‐MID) (P > 0.05). Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), 25(OH)D, serum albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (HB), bone mineral density (BMD), and cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the paraspinal muscle in the fracture group were significantly lower than those in the control group; however, b‐C‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β‐CTX), total cholesterol (TC), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), non‐prostatic acid phosphatase (NACP), and fatty degeneration ratio (FDR) were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ALB, HB, CSA, and BMD were negatively correlated with NTOVCF, while β‐CTX, HDL‐C, NACP, and FDR were positively correlated with NTOVCF.ConclusionDecreased physical activity, anemia, hypoproteinemia, imbalances in bone metabolism, abnormal lipid metabolism, and degenerative and decreased muscle mass, were all risk factors for OVCF in the elderly, spontaneous fractures may be the consequence of cumulative declines in multiple physiological systems over the lifespan. Based on this risk model, timely detection of patients with high OVCF risk and implementation of targeted preventive measures is expected to improve the effect of fracture prevention.
Individual rights and the environmental public interest: A comparison of German and Chinese approaches to environmental litigation
Authors: Campbell Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article compares the framework of environmental public interest litigation in China to the individualized system of judicial review in Germany. It shows that environmental reform requires modern States such as Germany and China to consider certain objective criteria related to the public interest. These criteria are objective insofar as they relate to certain empirically measurable conditions that have arisen in the context of industrialization, and they relate to the public interest insofar as their treatment requires substantial intervention from the State to ensure that economic practices do not endanger the basic natural preconditions of human life. Between the law's instrumentality to the ‘normal’ functioning of modern industrial society and reforms enacted in the public interest, environmental public interest litigation in Germany and China stands out as it implies a possibility for various stakeholders outside of the administrative structure to promote environmental interests. This returns a degree of agency to environmental stakeholders in helping to practically determine the transition towards sustainability. The substantiveness of environmental litigation is assessed, first, in relation to its openness, examining which social actors possess standing to litigate in the public interest, and, second, in relation to its scope, referring to which acts become contestable through the framework of public interest litigation. The court cases, academic debates and legislative reforms surrounding environmental public interest litigation in Germany and China reflect the decisive features of their respective legal ideologies, but they are also an area within which the limits of the dominant legal ideology are tested.
Reliability but not bias: Developing a scale to measure preferred channels for risk information during the COVID pandemic
Authors: Lachlan Kenneth A. , Gilbert Christine 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo develop a new measure of preferred sources for risk information, two studies asked respondents to indicate what channels they were reliant on for information about COVID‐19, from 25 news channels ranging across the political spectrum. Unexpectedly, dependencies clustered around level of reliability rather than the political orientation of the news channel. In other words, each cluster included media channels from both the left and right side of the political spectrum, while dependencies clustered into sources that varied by the degree to which their content is reliable. Participants who turned to lower reliability channels indicated lower risk perceptions, less accurate probability estimations, reduced vaccination intentions, and lower protective behavioral intentions. Those inclined to use higher reliability channels indicated higher risk perceptions, more accurate probability estimations, increased vaccination intentions, and higher protective behavioral intentions. These relationships are discussed in terms of implications for our understanding of source reliance and risk perception, information sufficiency, and implications for both future research and public health interventions.