bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fine structure of the rotational periods of the solar mean magnetic field
Authors: Haneychuk Vasily Ivanovich , Kotov Valery Alexandrovich 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The data of mean magnetic field (MMF) of the Sun obtained at the Wilcox Solar Observatory (Stanford, USA) in 1975–2020 are analysed. It was concluded that the MMF maximum occurs, on average, 1.5–2 years later relative to the maximum of Wolf numbers. To analyze the changes in the MMF, a new method for searching for periodicities has been developed, which takes into account the change in the sign of the magnetic field from cycle to cycle. This method made it possible to find the main synodic periods of rotation of the magnetic field with values of 27d.021 ± 0d.008, 26d.796 ± 0d.008 and 27d.260 ± 0d.008, each of which has two splitting components associated with a change in the polarity of the magnetic field during the transition from one cycle of solar activity to another. The stability of these periodicities for more than 45 years indicates that the Sun as a star looks like a horizontal magnetic dipole (in addition to the observed vertical one), which changes its sign every 11 years and rotates with different periods.
Two Cu(ii)-based coordination polymers: Crystal structures and treatment activity on periodontitis
Authors: Xu Yipu , Wu Zhifang , Zhao Xiangzhe , Li Xiangchun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Two new Cu(ii)-based coordination polymers (CPs) with the chemical formulae of [CuL(bimmb)0.5]
n
(1, bimmb is 4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)benzene) and [CuL(bbibp)]
n
(2, bbibp is 4,4'-bis(benzoimidazo-1-yl)biphenyl) have been successfully prepared by the reaction of 3,3'-azodibenzoic acid (H2L) ligand and metal salt Cu(NO3)2·3H2O in the presence of different nitrogen-donor coligands. In the bioactive evaluation experiments, the treatment activity of the prepared CPs against periodontitis was examined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection was used to test interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-6 contents released into the gingival crevicular fluid after the treatment of above CPs, and the real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was subsequently performed to measure the relative expression level of HmuY gene in the Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Complex systems analysis informs on the spread of COVID-19
Authors: Wang Xia , Washington Dorcas , Weber Georg F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The non-linear progression of new infection numbers in a pandemic poses challenges to the evaluation of its management. The tools of complex systems research may aid in attaining information that would be difficult to extract with other means.

Methods
To study the COVID-19 pandemic, we utilize the reported new cases per day for the globe, nine countries and six US states through October 2020. Fourier and univariate wavelet analyses inform on periodicity and extent of change.

Results
Evaluating time-lagged data sets of various lag lengths, we find that the autocorrelation function, average mutual information and box counting dimension represent good quantitative readouts for the progression of new infections. Bivariate wavelet analysis and return plots give indications of containment vs. exacerbation. Homogeneity or heterogeneity in the population response, uptick vs. suppression, and worsening or improving trends are discernible, in part by plotting various time lags in three dimensions.

Conclusions
The analysis of epidemic or pandemic progression with the techniques available for observed (noisy) complex data can extract important characteristics and aid decision making in the public health response.
Frequency regulation of a RES integrated power system with AC/DC parallel link employing a fuzzy tuned fractional order controller
Authors: Nayak Anurekha , Maharana Manoj Kumar , Panda Gayadhar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the operational efficacy of a newly proposed fuzzy tuned fractional order controller to offer an improved frequency regulation of a multi area renewable energy source (RES) integrated nonlinear power system. The effect of governor dead band nonlinearity and generation rate constraint of hydro and thermal power plants are considered in the system. Moreover, a proposed appropriate High voltage direct current (HVDC) tie line model is incorporated in this work, to verify the frequency deviation. Different test cases are applied to verify the robustness of the controllers on frequency response. The superiority of the proposed controller upon Proportional integral and derivative (PID), fuzzy logic controller and fuzzy PID controller in minimizing frequency deviation has been verified through MATLAB SIMULINK environment.
Morphology adjustable microlens array fabricated by single spatially modulated femtosecond pulse
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Xiaowei , Wang Zhipeng , Qin Bin , Zhou Shipeng , Huang Ji , Yao Zhulin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSilica microlens arrays (MLAs) with multiple numerical-apertures (NAs) have high thermal and mechanical stability, and have potential application prospects in 3D display and rapid detection. However, it is still a challenge to rapidly fabricate silica MLAs with a larger range of NAs and how to obtain multiple NAs in the same aperture diameter. Here, a wet etching assisted spatially modulated femtosecond laser pulse fabricating technology is proposed. In this technology, Gaussian laser pulse is modulated in the axial direction to create a pulse with a large aspect ratio, which is used to modify the silica to obtain a longer modification distance than traditional technology. After that, a microlens with a larger NA can be obtained by etching, and the NA variable range can be up to 0.06–0.65, and even under the same aperture, the variable NA can range up to 0.45–0.65. In addition, a single focus is radially modulated into several focus with different axial lengths to achieve a single exposure fabricating of MLA with multiple NAs. In characterization of the image under a microscope, the multi-plane imaging characteristics of the MLA are revealed. The proposed technology offers great potential toward numerous applications, including microfluidic adaptive imaging and biomedical sensing.
Intelligent on-demand design of phononic metamaterials
Authors: Jin Yabin , He Liangshu , Wen Zhihui , Mortazavi Bohayra , Guo Hongwei , Torrent Daniel , Djafari-Rouhani Bahram , Rabczuk Timon , Zhuang Xiaoying , Li Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the growing interest in the field of artificial materials, more advanced and sophisticated functionalities are required from phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. This implies a high computational effort and cost, and still the efficiency of the designs may be not sufficient. With the help of third-wave artificial intelligence technologies, the design schemes of these materials are undergoing a new revolution. As an important branch of artificial intelligence, machine learning paves the way to new technological innovations by stimulating the exploration of structural design. Machine learning provides a powerful means of achieving an efficient and accurate design process by exploring nonlinear physical patterns in high-dimensional space, based on data sets of candidate structures. Many advanced machine learning algorithms, such as deep neural networks, unsupervised manifold clustering, reinforcement learning and so forth, have been widely and deeply investigated for structural design. In this review, we summarize the recent works on the combination of phononic metamaterials and machine learning. We provide an overview of machine learning on structural design. Then discuss machine learning driven on-demand design of phononic metamaterials for acoustic and elastic waves functions, topological phases and atomic-scale phonon properties. Finally, we summarize the current state of the art and provide a prospective of the future development directions.
Crystal structure of 2-((E)-(((E)-2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzylidene) hydrazineylidene)methyl)-4-methylphenol, C16H16N2O2
Authors: Jin Ze-Sen , Liu Xiao-jing , Liu E. , Jian Fang-fang , Liang Tongling 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
C16H16N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.6766(1) Å, b = 5.9039(1) Å, c = 13.3603(2) Å, β = 96.166(1)°, V = 680.432(17) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0395, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1195, T = 170 K.
Enhancing the performance of conventional coffee beans drying with low-temperature geothermal energy by applying HPHE: An experimental study
Authors: Gunawan Yohanes , Margono Kukuh Tri , Rizky Romy , Putra Nandy , Faqih Rizal Al , Hakim Imansyah Ibnu , Setiadanu Guntur Tri , Suntoro Dedi , Kasbi Slamet , Nafis Subhan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The unpredictable weather in Indonesia results in a less effective conventional coffee beans drying process, which usually uses solar energy as a heat source. This experiment aimed to examine the performance of the coffee beans drying using low-temperature geothermal energy (LTGE) with solar energy as the energy source. Heat pipe heat exchanger, which consists of 42 straight heat pipes with staggered configuration, was used to extract the LTGE. The heat pipes have 700 mm length, 10 mm outside diameter with a filling ratio of 50%, and added by 181 pieces of aluminum with a dimension size of 76  mm × 345  mm × 0.105 mm as fins. LTGE was simulated by using water that is heated by three heaters and flowed by a pump. Meanwhile, to simulate the drying process with conventional methods, a system of solar air collectors made of polyurethane sheets with a thickness of 20 mm and dimensions of length × width × height = 160 cm × 76 cm × 10 cm, respectively, was used in this study. Zinc galvalume sheet with 0.3 mm thickness was installed and coated by the black doff color throughout the inner of the container wall. The result showed that the drying process with LTGE and solar energy is faster than with solar energy or geothermal energy only. The drying coffee beans using the hybrid system can speed up the drying coffee beans time by about 23% faster than the solar energy only.
Influences of spacing on yield and root size of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) under ridge-furrow production
Authors: Tegen Habtamu , Jembere Mnuyelet 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough there is adequate information on the influence of plant population on root yield and size of carrot on flat and raised bed for rain fed production system, information on ridge-furrow bed preparation method is limited for irrigation production system. Therefore, in this study, field experiments were conducted for 2 years to determine the appropriate spacing of carrot on ridge-furrow carrot production practice under irrigation. Root yield increased significantly as the population increased. On the contrary, root size significantly decreased as population increased. The result of combined analysis over season and locations indicated that the narrowest spacing of 10 cm × 4 cm rows on the ridge and between plants, respectively, which accommodates 1,250,000 plants ha−1gave significantly highest marketable carrot root yield of 26 t ha−1followed by 22.6 t ha−1with spacing of 20 cm × 4 cm which accommodates 1,000,000 plants ha−1, but it produced the smallest individual root weight of 83 g which is mostly preferred for household consumption unlike jumbo roots. Therefore, in terms of root sizes and marketable yield, the current study identified that spacing of 10 cm × 4 cm is optimum on ridge-furrow carrot production practices.
Some pleural effusions labeled as idiopathic could be produced by the inhalation of silica
Authors: Bielsa Silvia , Guitart Ana , Esquerda Aureli , Fernández-Pacheco Rodrigo , Baranguán Maria Teresa , Ibarra Alfonso , Porcel José M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Exposure to silica nanoparticles has been associated with pleural effusions (PEs) in animal models and case series. We hypothesized that some PEs labelled as “idiopathic” could, in fact, be secondary to inhalation of silica.

Methods
A retrospective case control study was designed utilizing a prospectively maintained pleural database. Cases, represented by idiopathic PEs, were matched by age and gender to control patients who had been diagnosed with malignant, cardiac, or infectious PEs. A survey consisting of questions about occupational life and possibility of silica inhalation was conducted. In a subgroup of patients, pleural fluid concentrations of silica were quantified by plasma atomic emission spectrometry analysis. Also, the pleural biopsy of a silica-exposed case was subjected to an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to identify the mineral, the size of which was determined by electron microscopy.

Results
A total of 118 patients (59 cases and 59 controls) completed the survey. There were 25 (42%, 95% CI 31–55%) and 13 (22%, 95% CI 13–34%) silica-exposed workers in case and control groups, respectively. The exposure attributable fraction was 0.62 (95% CI 0.14–0.83). Four of eight exposed cases showed detectable levels of silica in the pleural fluid (mean 2.37 mg/L), as compared to none of 16 tested controls. Silica nanoparticles of 6–7 nm were identified in the pleural biopsy of an exposed case patient.

Conclusions
It is plausible that some idiopathic PEs could actually be caused by occupational silica inhalation.
Conductive thermoplastic vulcanizates based on carbon black-filled bromo-isobutylene-isoprene rubber (BIIR)/polypropylene (PP)
Authors: Huang Yunyun , Liu Zhi , Xu Hongyan , Hong Ruoyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Conductive elastomer materials based on carbon black (CB) filled bromo-isobutylene-isoprene rubber (BIIR)/polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) were prepared by two step method and one step method. The microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical resistivity, thermal stability, electromagnetic interference shielding performance, and fracture surface morphology of composite materials were studied. The result shows the serious aggregation of CB in one-step TPV, but the uniform dispersion of CB in two-step TPV. In addition, the two-step TPV shows a higher electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance and lower conductivity penetration threshold. The penetration threshold of the two-step TPV is 9.1%, and the maximum reflection loss of the two-step TPV16 is −29.5 dB. Therefore, this research offers an uncomplicated and scalable melt mixing approach method to manufacture conductive thermoplastic vulcanizates with excellent EMI shielding.
The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR in age-related brain atrophy and the transition to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Cade Shaun , Zhou Xin-Fu , Bobrovskaya Larisa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition that is potentially mediated by synaptic dysfunction before the onset of cognitive impairments. The disease mostly affects elderly people and there is currently no therapeutic which halts its progression. One therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer’s disease is to regenerate lost synapses by targeting mechanisms involved in synaptic plasticity. This strategy has led to promising drug candidates in clinical trials, but further progress needs to be made. An unresolved problem of Alzheimer’s disease is to identify the molecular mechanisms that render the aged brain susceptible to synaptic dysfunction. Understanding this susceptibility may identify drug targets which could halt, or even reverse, the disease’s progression. Brain derived neurotrophic factor is a neurotrophin expressed in the brain previously implicated in Alzheimer’s disease due to its involvement in synaptic plasticity. Low levels of the protein increase susceptibility to the disease and post-mortem studies consistently show reductions in its expression. A desirable therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease is to stimulate the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and potentially regenerate lost synapses. However, synthesis and secretion of the protein are regulated by complex activity-dependent mechanisms within neurons, which makes this approach challenging. Moreover, the protein is synthesised as a precursor which exerts the opposite effect of its mature form through the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR. This review will evaluate current evidence on how age-related alterations in the synthesis, processing and signalling of brain derived neurotrophic factor may increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease.
Significations et éléments centraux versus périphériques des représentations visuelles
Authors: Moliner Pascal , Bovina Inna 
Published: January 2022

RésuméCette recherche porte sur le rôle joué par les différents éléments d’une image dans l’interprétation de cette image et dans les émotions qu’elle induit. A partir de l’approche structurale de la théorie des représentations sociales on suppose que certains des éléments d’une image seraient centraux tandis que d’autres seraient périphériques. Pour explorer cette piste on a retouché trois photographies originales afin de supprimer certains des éléments qu’elles montraient. Les photographies originales et les photographies retouchées ont été présentées à trois groupes de participants (n1 = 94,n2 = 97,n3 = 100) qui devaient, pour chaque photographie, produire trois associations verbales puis évaluer le niveau d’activation des émotions ressenties. Les résultats montrent que certains des éléments d’une image en déterminent à la fois le sens et les émotions qu’elle induit, d’autres n’en déterminent que les émotions, d’autres enfin ne déterminent ni la signification, ni les émotions induites. Ces résultats suggèrent que dans le cadre de la théorie des représentations sociales, l’analyse des images en termes d’éléments centraux et périphériques pourrait être très utile pour mieux comprendre comment fonctionnent ces images en tant que systèmes sémiotiques.
Text-image complementarity and genre in English as foreign language textbooks
Authors: Chang Peichin , Tsai Hsin-Jung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRelating visual images to textual messages may have great potential in facilitating students’ reading comprehension. The inevitable and important presence of visuals in textbooks obliges language teachers to exploit all semiotic resources to deepen students’ understanding. However, analysis of how images interact with text in textbooks has been rare, and among the efforts it has generally been found that visuals and text often fail to achieve coherence. This study investigateswhetherandhowtext and image complement each other ideationally (i.e., the “what”) by six sense relations (e.g., synonymy and hyponymy) and interpersonally (i.e., reader engagement) by the Mood system in ninth-grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks to reach intersemiotic complementarity (IC). The results revealed that ideational rather than interpersonal IC is more frequent, where many more Participants (i.e., the nominal groups) than Processes (i.e., the verbal groups) in the texts find their visual complements. Ideational IC is particularly high in Information Reports while Recounts generally mark higher percentages of interpersonal IC. To accomplish ideational IC, repetition is most frequent, followed by hyponymy (i.e., general-specific relation) and collocation (i.e., relations that naturally co-occur). Distinct IC patterns also characterize the different editions of textbooks investigated, which may suggest their different potentials in catering to students of varying proficiencies.
Eccentricity energy change of complete multipartite graphs due to edge deletion
Authors: Mahato Iswar , Kannan M. Rajesh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The eccentricity matrix ɛ(G) of a graph G is obtained from the distance matrix of G by retaining the largest distances in each row and each column, and leaving zeros in the remaining ones. The eccentricity energy of G is sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of ɛ(G). Although the eccentricity matrices of graphs are closely related to the distance matrices of graphs, a number of properties of eccentricity matrices are substantially different from those of the distance matrices. The change in eccentricity energy of a graph due to an edge deletion is one such property. In this article, we give examples of graphs for which the eccentricity energy increase (resp., decrease) but the distance energy decrease (resp., increase) due to an edge deletion. Also, we prove that the eccentricity energy of the complete k-partite graph Kn

1,

...

,

nk
with k ≥ 2 and ni
≥ 2, increases due to an edge deletion.
Európai Újraélesztési Társaság (ERC) 2021. évi posztreszuszcitációs időszak ellátásáról szóló ajánlásának összefoglaló bemutatása
Authors: Schiszler Bence , Priskin Gábor , Pandur Attila , Tóth Balázs , Betlehem József , Radnai Balázs 
Published: January 2022

Az European Resuscitation Council (ERC) az European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) közreműködésével 2015-ben egységesítette a spontán keringés visszatérés (ROSC) utáni posztreszuszcitációs teendőket, mely közlésre került a Resuscitation and Intensive Care Medicine folyóiratban. A következőkben tárgyalt, 2021-ben kiadott felnőtt posztreszuszcitációs ajánlás a 2015. évi guideline alapjain nyugszik, azonban kiegészült az elmúlt 5 évben folytatott, a témában releváns kutatások eredményeivel. Jelen referátum célja, hogy összefoglalja az ajánlás szerint, e témába vágóan megfogalmazott sarokpontokat, úgy mint a beteg oxigenizációja és lélegeztetése, koronária angiográfi a, vérnyomás kontroll, terápiás maghőmérséklet kontroll, görcstevékenységekkontrollálása, intenzív terápiás ellátás, prognosztika a túlélés tekintetében, és a rehabilitáció.
Bellini’s Il pirata as Virtual Tourism in Late Georgian London
Authors: Armstrong Stephen 
Published: January 2022

This article considers the 1830 London premiere of Bellini’s Il pirata as virtual tourism. Musicologists, singers, and critics have long acknowledged opera’s power to transport listeners into other worlds, but there has been no sustained critique of opera as a mediation of tourist experience. Here I confront opera’s impulse to virtual tourism through a reading of Bellini’s Il pirata, its opening shipwreck, and its Byronic source history. I also examine the opera’s staging within the context of other technology-driven entertainments of the early nineteenth century, such as panoramas and aquadramas. Like other contemporary spectacles, operas were judged by how well they transported audiences elsewhere.
William Grieve’s extravagant stage designs dazzled audiences, especially the opening shipwreck of Gualtiero, the opera’s Byronic hero. This simulated shipwreck connected several British obsessions, including the ocean as a symbol of the sublime, the rise of the shipwreck as a site for disaster tourism, and the hero’s status as a suffering traveler—all areas of Romantic culture that entangled intensity and immersion, literal and aesthetic transports, and tourist and theatrical modes of consciousness. British critics treated Bellini’s Il pirata not as literature, but as a mediation of tourist experience, and in so doing, they activated a range of contemporary anxieties about the traveler’s aesthetic authority against the rising tides of mass tourism and popular taste.