bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nation, Slavism, and Russia in the national emancipation conception of Svetozár Hurban Vajanský
Authors: Martinkovič Marcel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The study explains the perception of the nation in the political thinking of Svetozár Hurban Vajanský, which is founded on primordialist starting points and has a holistic character. In this context, the relationship between the nationally conscious elite and the people is analysed in more detail. The ambivalence of Vajanský’s political thinking is evident in the fact that, in many ways, he formally promotes Ľudovít Štúr’s original idea of unity, but, within Slovak political discourse, he promotes the idea of programme uniformity. Subsequently, this becomes a source of cultural and political isolationism. This fact is complemented in parallel by reflecting the primary acculturation importance of the national elite in developing the national consciousness of the population. Vajanský also incorporated the idea of Slavic mutuality into the national emancipation concept of developing Slovak national identity. Its content is in line with Štúr’s ethnic romanticism. The historicist concept of the development of Slavs under Russian protection also appears in his thinking. Vajanský’s Russophilism was, thus, loosely tied to the ideas of Russian Slavophiles and the idealising perspective of the Slavs’ civilisational mission, who were to form a new, more spiritual and culturally advanced, civilisation circle compared with the morally declining nations of the West.
Languages and Morality in Postwar Europe: The German and Austrian Abandonment of Yiddish
Authors: Kamusella Tomasz 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In postwar Europe the remembrance of the Holocaust (קאַטאַסטראָפע Katastrofe in Yiddish) endows the continent’s societies and politics with a clear-cut moral dimension. All agree that remembering about and researching the Holocaust is necessary for preventing a repeat of the murderous past in the future. Yet, no reflection is really devoted to the most revealing fact that the wartime genocide’s main victims – Jews – exist no longer in Europe as a community with their specific Yiddish language and culture. Due to the twin-like closeness between Yiddish and German, prior to the war, Yiddish speakers ensured a world-wide popularity for the German language. After 1945, Yiddish-speaking Holocaust survivors and Jewish poets exorcised and reinvented the then-murderers’ language of German, so that poetry could be written in it again. In reciprocation, Germany and Europe – shockingly and quite incomprehensibly – abandoned their duty to preserve and cultivate Yiddish language and culture as a necessary “inoculation” against another genocide. Forgetting about this duty imperils Europe and its inhabitants; the danger now is sadly exemplified by Russia’s ongoing genocidal-scale war on Ukraine. Not a single Yiddish library exists in today’s Europe, which is an indictment in itself.
Response Burden – Review and Conceptual Framework
Authors: Yan Ting , Williams Douglas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConcerns about the burden that surveys place on respondents have a long history in the survey field. This article reviews existing conceptualizations and measurements of response burden in the survey literature. Instead of conceptualizing response burden as a one-time overall outcome, we expand the conceptual framework of response burden by positing response burden as reflecting a continuous evaluation of the requirements imposed on respondents throughout the survey process. We specifically distinguish response burden at three time points: initial burden at the time of the survey request, cumulative burden that respondents experience after starting the interview, and continuous burden for those asked to participate in a later round of interviews in a longitudinal setting. At each time point, survey and question features affect response burden. In addition, respondent characteristics can affect response burden directly, or they can moderate or mediate the relationship between survey and question characteristics and the end perception of burden. Our conceptual framework reflects the dynamic and complex interactive nature of response burden at different time points over the course of a survey. We show how this framework can be used to explain conflicting empirical findings and guide methodological research.
Analyzing the Association of Objective Burden Measures to Perceived Burden with Regression Trees
Authors: Yang Daniel K. , Toth Daniell S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Higher levels of perceived burden by respondents can lead to ambiguous responses to a questionnaire, item nonresponse, or refusals to continue participation in the survey which can introduce bias and downgrade the quality of the data. Therefore, it is important to understand what might influence the perception of burden in respondents. In this article, we demonstrate, using U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey data, how regression tree models can be used to analyze the associations between perceived burden and objective burden measures conditioning on household demographics and other explanatory variables. The structure of the tree models allows these associations to easily be explored.
Our analysis shows a relationship between perceived burden and some of the objective measures after conditioning on different demographic and household variables and that these relationships are quite affected by different respondent characteristics and the mode of the survey. Since the tree models were constructed using an algorithm that accounts for the sample design, inferences from the analysis can be made about the population. Therefore, any insights could be used to help guide future decisions about survey design and data collection to help reduce respondent burden.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA ÀS MULHERES VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA NO MUNICÍPIO DE ARAGUAÍNA/TOCANTINS
Authors: Bolwerk Aloísio Alencar , Jesus Ozelita Dias Caldas de 
Published: December 2022

RESUMOA violência contra mulheres acontece diariamente no Brasil e no mundo e representa um problema de saúde pública. Este artigo buscou estudar as políticas públicas para as mulheres em situação de violência doméstica e sua aplicabilidade na Administração Pública Municipal de Araguaína Tocantins e trata-se de um estudo descritivo analítico de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados coletados buscou investigar a aplicação das políticas públicas para as mulheres atendidas no órgão no ano de 2019. As informações foram discutidas observando a legislação federal que estabelece normas e diretrizes sobre as políticas públicas para as mulheres e os serviços ofertados. O resultado do estudo evidencia que os dados da pesquisa não foram suficientes para avaliar a execução das políticas públicas no órgão de referência estudado. Palavras-chaves: Violência Doméstica, legislação para mulheres, estudo das políticas públicas para mulheres, políticas públicas em Araguaína Tocantins.
EXPLORING THE PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF Glycyrrhiza glabra L. ON EMERGENCE AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF Pisum sativum L.
Authors: Khan Bilal Ahmad , Maqbool Rizwan AHMAD , Nadeem Muhammad Ather , Anwar Iqra , Amin Muhammad Mohsin 
Published: December 2022

Chemical weed control method may cause environmental hazards and residual effects in crops and soil. Alternate approach to control weeds is getting attentions in sustainable production system. Use of aqueous extracts of crops is getting scientific attention as eco-friendly alternative to synthetic herbicides especially under scenario of fast increasing herbicide resistance in weeds. Therefore, the present study was conducted at Weed Science Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during winter 2018 to determine the phytotoxic effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra on winter vegetable crop Pisum sativum. The experiments were laid out under a completely randomized design (CRD), having three replicates. The experiments comprised of seven treatments with different concentrations of extract. The wood of G. glabra extracts comprised 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80% concentration applied on Pisum sativum. Data on seed germination, root length, shoot length, and fresh weight of weed and pea was recorded following standard procedures. Data were analyzed using Fishers Analysis of Variance. The differences among treatments were separated using a least significant difference test (LSD). Results revealed that aqueous extracts were possessed phytotoxic chemicals that cause phytotoxic effect to P. sativum and result in maximum germination percentage (%), Mean Germination time (Days), Time to 50% germination and minimum, root length (mm), shoot length (mm), root fresh weight (mg), shoot fresh weight was recorded at 80 % concentration of G. glabra. It is concluded that there are phenolic compounds in the wood extract of G. glabra which cause allelopathic effects on P. sativum.
FARMERS’ PERCEPTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND PARTHENIUM WEED DISTRIBUTION IN DISTRICT SWABI, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
Authors: Khan Haroon 
Published: December 2022

Climate change is the principal concern of present day agriculturists, environmental scientists and ecologists. Climate change and its negative impacts is still not fully understood and the concept is still criticized for its validity. The present research work consists of two phases. The first phase analyzed the farmersâ€™ perception of climate change and its likely impact on weeds distribution by conducting a formal survey and in the 2nd phase a laboratory experiment was conducted on Parthenium weed selected from study area in Weed Science Department, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar to correlate the findings of both phasesin July-September, 2016. The field survey was carried out in Jan-May, 2016 in Swabi district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa- Pakistan. 100 farmers from the study area were randomly interviewed through a questionnaire comprised of all relevant parameters to assess their perception of climate change and its consequences. Most of the farmers (61%) believed in climate change and its negative consequences and complained of lower efficiency of their farming in the changed scenario. They had noticed climatic variations, for the last 20 years, in the form of summers extension, winters flexion, unexpected and changed pattern of rainfalls (58% responses for increase) with summer rainfalls earlier (68%) and winter rainfalls later (35%), severe and destructive floods (75%), storms or strong winds (77%), hailstorms (67%) and higher insects/ pests attack causing harm to crops (68%), livestock/ animal (64%) and humans. The changed scenario also posed difficulties to farmers in managing agricultural activities like abundance of weed species (62% farmers strongly agreed) especially the invasive ones e.g. Parthenium hysterophorus, Silybam marianum and Rumex crispus etc. They noticed increase in weed species (78%), frequency (69%) and interaction (78%) among native and invasive weeds. These weeds had aggressive (75%) and uncontrollable growth (68%), out competed the crops (82%), and survived longer (55%). From the field study Parthenium weed was concluded (82%) as the most responsive invasive weed to climate change and was selected for lab study. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 replications. The treatments comprised of 5 different temperature regimes of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 Â°C in controlled situation in an incubator. The analysis illustrated that high germination % (34.50%) of Parthenium weed seeds occurred at higher temperature (30Â°C) than optimum (25Â°C) which was 29.25%, following the same pattern for the growth which remained more (19.75) and (17.45) at higher temperatures of (30Â°C) and (35Â°C) respectively than optimum (16.95). The conclusion of lab experiment was that the rise in temperature is favoring the growth of Parthenium weed. This weed is reported in the surveyed area to be highly aggressive and competitive for the indigenous flora expanding its domain in the area.
Ensalada de espinaca con salmón marinado y aire de higo
Authors: Vázquez-Hernández Alexia , Avila-Cid Alejandra 
Published: December 2022

Actualmente comer no solo es un acto de supervivencia, hoy más que nunca significa tener una experiencia única e irrepetible. Cada vez más los profesionales de la gastronomía buscan hacer la diferencia con sus platillos, por lo que para resaltar sabores y texturas en los alimentos aplican técnicas de la cocina molecular como los aires para resaltar las características organolépticas de los alimentos.
Los aires son preparaciones emulsificadas en forma de burbujas de jabón que aportan una textura única a los platillos.
Vacunación contra COVID-19 en Pacientes Pediátricos
Authors: Carrera-Ibarra Ana Karen , Ortega-Hervert Isaac , Ramirez-Angeles Leidy Esmeralda 
Published: December 2022

A dos años del inicio de la pandemia de COVID -19 científicos de todo el mundo, han avanzado de manera acelerada en el desarrollo de vacunas seguras y eficaces que ayudarán a reducir las enfermedades, hospitalizaciones y muertes asociadas a la COVID- 19. En México, impactó gravemente a la población con morbilidades. En el caso de los pacientes pediátricos, la incidencia es mucho menor en comparación con los adultos, sin embargo, en algunos casos, las complicaciones de la enfermedad también se presentan en ellos, registrando decesos en este grupo de edad en nuestro país. La decisión de vacunar universalmente o no a los niños frente a COVID-19 fue compleja, y se tomaron en cuenta factores científicos, éticos, políticos, epidemiológicos y económicos. El objetivo del presente material de apoyo didáctico es brindar información con un lenguaje sencillo y claro, sobre los resultados científicos del proceso de vacunación en la población pediátrica, que permita despejar dudas al respecto y conocer los beneficios de esta.
Incidencia de las redes sociales virtuales en el desarrollo de la ciudadanía global en preparatorianos hidalguenses
Authors: Taguenca Belmonte Juan Antonio , Gamero Palafox Reina Libertad 
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del artículo que se presenta es mostrar la importancia de las redes sociales virtuales y el uso, sobre todo social, que hacen las y los jóvenes preparatorianos hidalguenses en la construcción de una ciudadanía global. Para dar cuenta de ello se realizó una investigación, cuya metodología fue mixta, es decir, cuantitativa a través de una encuesta, y cualitativa mediante 3 grupos focales. El cuestionario atendió a los siguientes tópicos: conectividad, uso de redes sociales, actividades en ellas, reacciones y perspectivas. Los grupos focales atendieron a tres bloques: redes sociales, política y ciudadanía, ciudadanía y ciudadanía global. Los principales hallazgos encontrados fueron que el uso de las redes sociales entre los jóvenes está muy extendido, sobre todo en páginas de entretenimiento, reaccionando y difundiendo aproximadamente la mitad de los encuestados a temas de derechos humanos, y menor medida hacen un uso de ellas para la discusión y el activismo social, a pesar de que mayoritariamente consideran que generan dinámicas de movilización social, solidaridad global, pensamiento crítico y que pueden ayudar a generar una sociedad más democrática. Estos datos extraídos del análisis de datos de la encuesta se complementan con la información obtenida en la fase cualitativa del estudio. De ellas se destaca que los participantes significaron a las redes sociales principalmente como: refugio, universo virtual, centro de convivencia, caos ordenado; reconocen que su uso ha cambiado la forma en que las personas se relacionan entre sí y se comunican, así como su autopercepción y la percepción que tienen de los demás y de la sociedad; mantienen una posición ambivalente respecto al tipo de ciudadanía al que se adscriben, conteniendo elementos de la liberal –vínculo jurídico-, republicana –participación ciudadana- y comunitaria –pertenencia a una comunidad-, así como de una más cosmopolita que identifican con las posibilidades que ofrecen las redes sociales. Las conclusiones principales fueron que los preparatorianos hidalguenses utilizan a menudo las redes sociales, son importantes en su vida cotidiana, conocen sus alcances y posibilidades de información, y difusión temas sociales y de movilización, también reconocen su capacidad democratizadora y de conformación de una ciudadanía global, aunque son pocos los que señalan participar activamente en ella.
PREVALENCE OF FOOT PROBLEMS IN OLDER ADULTS IN SOUTHERN ECUADORIAN GERONTOLOGICAL CENTERS
Authors: Arízaga Pino Maria Daniela , Andrade Navas Gabriela Anais , Encalada Torres Lorena Esperanza 
Published: December 2022

Objective: determine the prevalence of foot problems in older adults in southern Ecuadorian gerontological centers. Materials and methods: a transversal study was conducted on 136 older adults from 11 gerontological centers. The data were collected through a form and processed through the SPSS software version 15. Statistics such as frequency, percentage, average, and standard deviation were calculated. Results: of 136 older adults, 59.6% were women, 34.6% were between 65 and 74 years old, and 34.6% between 75 and 84 years old. 71.3% resided in rural areas, and 66.2% had primary education. 100% of the population presented some foot problem. The most prevalent pathology type was dermatological (97.1%), followed by biomechanical pathology (80.1%), and vascular and neuro-peripheral pathology (61.8%). The most prevalent lesion, regardless of sex, was hyperkeratosis with 77.8%. Conclusions: approaching foot problems in the older adult population requires early recognition of risk, etiological, and psychosocial factors. The high prevalence of foot problems found in this study highlights the importance of training health personnel and patients about foot care with a preventive approach.
EMPLEO DE HIPOTERMIA EN PACIENTES POST PARADA CARDIACA: BENEFICIOS
Authors: Bello Cordero Jhon , Salazar Martínez Diego Orlando , Gipis Saavedra Antonio Jose , Llerena Velasteguí Jordan Gonzalo , Cárdenas Coronado William Ricardo , Caicedo Sánchez Diana Carolina , Betancourt Montero Miguel Angel , Rojas Avila Cristian Jhoan 
Published: December 2022

Antecedentes: La enfermedad cardíaca es la principal causa de muerte en los Estados Unidos. Los ataques cardíacos (también conocidos como infartos de miocardio) ocurren cuando una parte del músculo cardíaco no recibe un flujo sanguíneo adecuado. La intervención temprana es fundamental para prevenir la mortalidad. La Hipotermia Terapéutica tiene efectos neuro protectores comprobados en la isquemia cerebral global.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión narrativa a través de diversas bases de datos de Enero de 2014 a Febrero de 2022; la búsqueda y selección de artículos fue llevada a cabo en revistas indexadas en idioma inglés. Se utilizaron como palabras clave: Hipotermia, parada cardiaca, beneficios.
Resultados: Uno de los problemas que se enfrenta ante una parada cardiorrespiratoria, es el posible daño cerebral hipoxico-isquemico. Los pacientes que se sometieron a hipotermia a 33ºC presentan una mayor supervivencia y un mejor resultado neurológico. La fiebre es uno de los síntomas que se podría presentar en pacientes que entran en un paro cardiaco, provocando daños sistémicos y locales.
Conclusiones: La presente revisión ofrece información actualizada y detallada sobre los efectos terapéuticos de la hipotermia, al igual que brinda información de los posibles efectos al no aplicarla y al aplicarla.
Palabras claves: Hipotermia, parada cardiaca, beneficios.
Ex vivo Detection of Amyloid-β in Naturally Formed Oral Biofilm
Authors: Kanagasingam Shalini , von Ruhland Christopher , Welbury Richard , Singhrao Sim K. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Oral infection has been implicated in the possible etiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: To detect amyloid-β (Aβ) within microbial biofilms. Methods: Freshly extracted teeth ( N = 87) with periodontal disease were separated into Group A ( N = 11), with primary root canal infection and Group B ( N = 21) with failed endodontic treatment identified by the presence of, gutta percha root filling. Biofilm characteristics were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Demineralized paraffin wax embedded tooth sections and mineralized calculus biofilm were immunostained with the anti-Aβ antibody. The gutta perchas were processed either for on-section acrylic resin tissue immunocolloidal gold silver staining (IGSS) using the anti-Aβ antibody or in Araldite resin for ultrastructure. Results: SEM demonstrated calculus and gutta percha in situ harboring a polymicrobial biofilm featuring extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and water channels. Immunohistochemistry on rehydrated paraffin wax tooth sections from Group A, demonstrated Aβ staining on external (calculus and plaque) and all intracanal infected regions. In Group B, the gutta percha biofilm IGSS gave an inconclusive result for Aβ. Transmission electron microscopy of selected teeth with infected intra-canals (Group A) and 20% of gutta percha biofilm (Group B) EPS contained electron dense fibrils of variable sizes, some of which were typical of human Aβ fibrils. Conclusion: This study detected both soluble and insoluble Aβ fibrils within the EPS of periodontal and endodontic natural biofilm, strongly suggesting its role as an antimicrobial peptide in combatting local infection, with potential risk for cross-seeding into the brain for AD development.
Looking beyond the impressions of algorithms and fact-checking in fighting online misinformation: A literature review
Authors: Onifade Abdurrahman Bello 
Published: December 2022

Misinformation is a global pandemic, fueled by the sophistication of the human intellect, algorithmic systems among other factors. Enhanced by the proliferation of algorithms optimized for engagement and reactions on social media, misinformation has ignited or hampered sociopolitical participation and movements and dissuaded citizens from being vaccinated, for example. Observations have shown that efforts to contain misinformation have largely been tech-based, with ubiquitous impressions that it can be coded into extinction and/or fact-checked with automated tools. This paper, therefore, contributes to the debate that there are mechanisms that should be explored beyond algorithms and fact-checking in the fight against misinformation. The paper adopted an integrative literature review approach, using purposive selection of 22 full texts from Google Scholar, JStor and other sources as captured in Table 1. The PRISMA flow diagram was used to show the search process. Findings from the literature reviewed showed that algorithms and fact-checking have made significant impacts in identifying, verifying and correcting misinformation. Nonetheless, they have drawbacks that should be complemented with information literacy programs/services and information ethics. The study suggests that information literacy and information ethics be made integral parts of educational modules and awareness should be increased about non-algorithmic approaches to solving misinformation problems in order to proactively build a more informed public.