bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water allocation in Brazil: main strategies, learning and challenges
Authors: Marques Guilherme F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Brazil is characterized by highly diverse biomes, hydrologic regimes and water uses. The relevance of irrigated agriculture in the county's economy, combined with the significant contribution of hydropower to the electricity matrix and the presence of large metropolitan areas translate to a strong water-food-energy nexus. Water management under this context requires control and allocation in an extensive network of long rivers, operated with seasonal and multi-year carryover capacity. The future development and overall water security in Brazil will bring increasingly competing demands and growing challenges to water allocation, demanding more robust regulations and institutions. This chapter reviews the nature of Brazilian water rights and the current legal and policy framework determining water allocation, followed by the presentation of several innovative initiatives to control water access, based on locally defined allocation rules and local needs, challenges and opportunities. From this rich experience, we draw recommendations on how to move forward in improving water allocation strategy at the national level and adapting water management practices to cope with the challenges ahead.
Idaho's Eastern Snake Plain Aquifer: cooperative water policy change for Idaho's groundwater farmers
Authors: Running Katrina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In 2015, the state of Idaho finalized a cooperative five-year agreement between ground- and surface-water farmers in Idaho's Eastern Snake Plain Aquifer (ESPA). The agreement, which was the result of multi-decadal legal, regulatory, and policy disputes, stipulated a reduction in groundwater withdrawals for the purpose of replenishing the overdrawn aquifer. The state was constrained by its legacy water allocation doctrine called prior appropriation - a framework for water law informally referred to as ‘first-in-time, first-in-right' that prioritizes seniority when water rights are contested - becoming particularly fraught with the social-ecological balance shift over time due to in-migration, multi-year drought, and more, leading to a mismatch between supply and demand. The two primary components of the five-year water reduction agreement used a tiered system of usage reductions from 4-20%, with an average of about 13% per groundwater farmer. The requirement also required all farmers to put in water meters on all irrigable land at their own expense. These activities were administered by managers in the eight groundwater districts impacted by the agreement and were reacted to by individual farmers with everything from reluctant acceptance to threats of lawsuits. Impact-wise, our research found farmers' net yields and farm income decreased by around 8% during the first two years of the agreement, but also that by 2020, when the agreement ended, the state’s aquifer level measurements actually surpassed the initial goal of adding 2 million acre-feet (∼2.47 trillion m3) to the aquifer by about 200 000 acre-feet (∼246 696 000 m3).
Transboundary water allocation in the Amudarya Basin of Central Asia
Authors: Ziganshina Dinara 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This chapter reviews the transboundary water allocation system in the Amudarya Basin shared by Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The key principles and rules of water allocation in this basin have been set in the Soviet time and validated in 1992 after the countries gained their independence. The treaty-based flexible and specific water allocation formula (percentage of flow) and the operation of joint bodies helped to preserve the resilience of the system during transition. The system would benefit, however, from improved forecasting and an early warning system, annual and long-term planning, coordinated multi-year flow regulation, robust water conservation plans, sound strategies and procedures to deal with droughts and floods. Given the increasing water demand and diminishing water supply in the near future, a more integrated basin allocation planning is required.
Coordination of water policies for quality and quantity: experiences from Nordic and Baltic countries
Authors: Larsson Rolf , Belinskij Antti , Kløve Bjørn , Meilutyte-Lukauskiene Diana , Lode Elve , Skarbøvik Eva , Akstinas Vytautas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive is of paramount importance for water management. According to the legal text, coordination with other directives like the Floods Directive is imperative and motivated by potential synergy effects. In this paper, the degree to which such coordination is achieved is evaluated for five Nordic and Baltic countries. The evaluation is based on legal documents, management plans, as well as on organizational structure in the five countries. The results show that the coordination between the Water Framework Directive and the Floods Directive (or flood management for Norway's case), have been successful for Estonia and Lithuania, whereas Norway, Finland, and especially Sweden need to improve more.
The Inhibitory Effect on Tumor Cells Proliferation Induced by Arsenic Through
DNMTs and its Downstream Molecules: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Li Sheng , Ma Mingxiao , Li Shugang 
Published: August 2022

Background:
We aimed to systematically evaluate the regulatory effect of arsenic on DNMTs and its downstream molecules in tumor cells, and to provide a theoretical basis for revealing the specific mechanism of arsenic in the treatment of tumors

Methods:
Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0, and differences between groups were described as standard mean differences

Results:
We found out that compared with the control group, the expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, MMP-9 & β-catenin decreased and the expression of RECK and E-cadherin increased in arsenic-treated group. Subgroup analysis showed that high-dose arsenic exposure (> 2 μmol/L) reduced the expression of DNMT1, DNMT3b, MMP-9, and β-catenin and promoted the expression of E-cadherin. Arsenic could decrease the level of DNMT1, MMP-9 & β-catenin and increase the level of E-cadherin with short-time arsenic intervention (≤ 48 h). Arsenic could reduce DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b & β-catenin in hematological tumor cells; under the effect of arsenic, the expression of DNMT1, DNMT3b, MMP-9 & β-catenin were decreased in solid tumor cells. In addition, the regulation of arsenic on DNMT3a was dose-dependent in the range of arsenic concentration from 0 to 5.0 μmol/L. The dose, time, and cell types of arsenic intervention were the sources of heterogeneity

Conclusion:
Arsenic could inhibit the proliferation and viability of tumor cells, and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of DNMTs and regulation of the expression of its downstream molecules. Overall, arsenic may be a possible candidate for the treatment of tumors.
Intestinal Epithelial Protective Chalone Glycoside from the Roots of
Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Authors: Cui Yong , Chen Gang , Chen Xiaolu , Wang Yajun , Tan Meixia , Liu Jiang , Luo Nanfeng , Liang Xinru 
Published: August 2022

:
: Glycyrrhiza uralensis has been used as a traditional medicine for generations. Chalcones are one of the typical chemical constituents of G. uralensis. In this paper, phytochemical research on roots of G. uralensis was performed, leading to the isolation and identification of a previously undescribed chalcone glycoside (1). Its structure was established by means of comprehensive spectral analysis and acid hydrolysis. Moreover, bioactivity assay revealed that 1 showed a promotive effect on IEC-6 cell proliferation and evidently reversed DFMO-driven IEC-6 cell growth arrest. The results indicate that 1 might be used for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis.
A Highly Selective Fluorescence Sensor based on Quinoline for the Fluorescence Detection of Al3+ in Aqueous
Authors: Wang Jixia , Hou Juanjuan , Jiang Pengwei , Zhang Yaling , Li Jiankun , Wu Shang , Zhan Huiying , Yang Quanlu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:Specific recognition of ultra-trace levels of ions in semi-water using super-quicker methods is still a challenge for environmental monitoring. The development of ion-selective fluorescence sensors for selective detection of Al3+ is an essential task because of the importance of Al3+ to the human body. A fluorescent chemosensor S based on quinoline as a binding and signaling unit has been designed and synthesized in a one-step procedure. More importantly, when Al3+ ions are added to the sensor S, it showed immediate responses toward Al3+ ions in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution with the strong blue fluorescence quenching. And the S detection limit (LOD) of Al3+ in aqueous media (1.0 M) is 1.75x10-7 M. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism of action for sensor S and metal ions has been learned using some research techniques such as FE-SEM, FT-IR, XRD and XPS. Further, the fluorescence chemical sensor specifically recognizes the metal aluminum ion.
Fe Doped Ga2O3 Nanomaterial Catalysed Green and Efficient One Pot Three Component Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran
Authors: Uphade Bhagwat K. , Parhad Amol R. , Aute Dilip S. , Gadhave Anil G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:The present work reports the hydrothermal synthesis of Fe doped gallium oxide nanoparticles and its characterization by IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX techniques. The characterization of Fe doped gallium oxide nanomaterial reveals the 18.58 nm particle size with monoclinic phase. The catalytic activity of nanomaterial was efficiently assessed for one-pot domino Knoevenagel and Michael's addition of different aldehydes, dimedone, and malononitriles to give tetrahydrobenzo [b] pyran derivatives. The remarkable features associated with this green protocol are good to excellent product yields (60-94%), non-chromatographic purification of product, shorter reaction time, and easy work up. The reusability and non-toxic nature of this nanomaterial catalyst escalate the importance of this work.
Melianone inhibits Secreted Aspartic Proteases (SAP), a Virulence Factor
During Hyphal Formation in Candida albicans
Authors: Lokeswari T. Sivaswamy , Veni Amalanathan , Pavithra Dhanapal , Sugapriya Thennavan 
Published: August 2022

Background & Objective:
Candida albicans (C.-P. Robin) Berkhout, the pathogenic
yeasts’ ability to transform from yeast to hyphal forms in the bloodstream is essential during systemic
infections. Among the several virulence factors studied, secreted aspartic proteinases (SAPs)
involved in hyphal penetration are targets of putative hyphal inhibitors. Upregulation of SAP6
gene, (two-to 31- fold high) during budded to hyphal transition and lack of studies on its inhibition,
prompted us to investigate this particular protein using in silico tools.

Results:
Hyphal inhibition of germinating yeast cells by melianone, a triterpenoid, from Swietenia
mahagoni (L.) Jacq. (Meliaceae) was observed at 0.1 μM (IC50). One of the targets of putative hyphal
inhibitors, SAP, was assayed and for the first time, 50 % of the biological SAP activity was
found to be inhibited by melianone at 0.125 μM. This data on SAP inhibition led us to analyse the
3-dimensional structure for SAP6 protein that was constructed through a combination of homology
modelling and ab-initio method (Phyre2) and validated before performing Induced Fit Docking
(IFD). Melianone formed H-bond and hydrophobic interactions with the crucial residues (ASP108,
TYR160, ALA161, ASP162, ASP294, THR297, ASP379) in the catalytic site of SAP6 with a glide
energy (-)54.9327 kcal/mol upon Induced Fit Docking (IFD).

Conclusion:
We report here for the first time on the SAP inhibitory ability of melianone at 0.125
uM. Being a small molecular mass inhibitor, binding with high affinity to the S3 pocket sites of
SAP proteins provides evidence for pre-clinical testing of such compounds against fungal pathogens.
The study is a valuable insight for further research on novel and effective inhibitors targeting
SAP.
Measuring the Economic Contribution of Agricultural Cooperatives to the National Economy: The Case of Greece
Authors: Semou Vasiliki , Sergaki Panagiota , Tremma Ourania 
Published: August 2022

Aims:
The purpose of this work is to determine the contribution of agricultural cooperatives to the Greek economy.

Background:
Agricultural cooperatives in Greece offered the maximum to agriculture, but their contribution to the overall economy of the country was not sufficiently studied. This work deals with the offer of the operation of agricultural cooperatives in key sectors of the economy.

Objective:
The object of this study is the agricultural cooperatives in Greece and the benefits to the Greek economy from their activity.

Methods:
The method of analysis used is that of the input-output method and the estimation of multipliers in specific sectors of the economy that were considered important.

Results:
The findings of this study show some interesting facts and reveal the financial contribution of agricultural cooperatives in several sectors of the economy. The sector that seems to have the most significant contribution is total production, which is essentially the country’s GDP growth. The contribution to employment growth is also very important in working income. Another interesting finding from the multiplier estimate for the action of agricultural cooperatives in Greece is not the total number of economic impacts directly related to the operation of agricultural cooperatives but the positive contribution of individual cooperatives to the national economy.

Conclusion:
Empirical analysis showed that only companies of secondary agricultural cooperatives and tertiary cooperatives were included to address mainly practical issues such as data availability. The final result indicated that cooperatives contribute to a satisfactory degree to the national economy.
The Use of Machine Learning in MicroRNA Diagnostics: Current
Perspectives
Authors: Christou Chrysanthos D. , Mitsas Angelos C. , Vlachavas Ioannis , Tsoulfas Georgios 
Published: August 2022

:
MicroRNAs constitute small non-coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in regulating the
translation and degradation of mRNA and have been associated with many diseases. Artificial Intelligence
(AI) is an evolving cluster of interrelated fields, with machine learning (ML) standing out as
one of the most prominent AI fields, with a plethora of applications in almost every aspect of human
life. ML could be defined as computer algorithms that learn from past data to predict future data. This
review comprehensively reviews the current applications of microRNA-based ML models in
healthcare. The majority of the identified studies investigated the role of microRNA-based ML models
in the management of cancer and specifically gastric cancer (maximum diagnostic accuracy (Accmax):
94%), pancreatic cancer (Accmax: 93%), colorectal cancer (Accmax: 100%), breast cancer
(Accmax: 97%), ovarian cancer, neck squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, lung cancer (Accmax:
100%), and melanoma. Except for cancer, microRNA-based ML models have been applied for a
plethora of other diseases, including ulcerative colitis (Accmax: 92.8%), endometriosis, gestational
diabetes mellitus (Accmax: 86%), hearing loss, ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease (Accmax:
96%), tuberculosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension (Accmax: 83%), dementia (Accmax: 82.9%),
major cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease patients, and alcohol dependence (Accmax:
79.1%). Our findings suggest that the development of microRNA-based ML models could be used to
enhance the diagnostic accuracy of a plethora of diseases while at the same time substituting or minimizing
the use of more invasive diagnostic means (such as endoscopy). Even not as fast as anticipated,
AI will eventually infiltrate the entire healthcare industry. AI is the key to a clinical practice
where medicine's inherent complexity is embraced. Therefore, AI will become a reality that physicians
should conform with to avoid becoming obsolete.
Plant MicroRNA Potential in Targeting Sars-CoV-2 Genome Offering
Efficient Antiviral MiRNA-Based Therapies
Authors: Hajieghrari Behzad , Rahmanian-Koshkaki Sara 
Published: August 2022

Background:
In 2019, severe acute respiratory coronavirus II (or SARS-COV-2)
emerged in Wuhan, China, rapidly becoming a global pandemic. Coronavirus genus (Coronaviridae)
has the largest single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome (~30 kb) among the human infected
single-stranded RNA viruses.

Objectives:
For the study of active therapeutic plant-derived miRNA(s), it may be possible to uptake
the miRNAs and their biological role in the host cell. In this study, we bioinformatically
searched plant miRNAs that can potentially interact with the Sars-CoV-2 genome within the 3’-
UTR region and have prompt antiviral activity.

Materials and Methods:
We searched the plant miRNAs that target the 3’-UTR flanking region of
the Sars-CoV-2 genome by employing the RNAHybrid, RNA22, and STarMir miRNA/target prediction
tools.

Results:
The RNAHybrid algorithm found 63 plant miRNAs having hybridization energy with less
or equal to -25 kcal.mol-1. Besides, RNA22 and STarMir tools identified eight interactions between
the plant miRNAs and the targeted RNA sequence. pvu-miR159a. 2 and sbi-miR5387b were predicted
as the most effectively interacting miRNAs in targeting the 3’-UTR sequence, not only by the
RNA22 tool but also by the STarMir tool at the same position. However, the GC content of the pvumiR159a.
2 is 55% instead of sbi-miR5387b, which is a GC enriched sequence (71.43%) that may
activate TLR receptors.

Conclusions:
In our opinion, they are potent plant-derived miRNA candidates that have a great
chance of targeting the Sars-CoV-2 genome in the 3’-UTR region in vitro. Therefore, we propose
pvu-miR159a.2 for studying antiviral miRNA-based therapies without any essential side effects in
vivo.
Examining the Causes of Maternal Mortality in Pregnant Women Since
the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hamadan Province, Western
Iran: A Research Article
Authors: Masoumi Seyedeh Zahra , Ghelichkhani Samereh , Keramat Fariba , Jalili Ebrahim , Moshayedi Faezeh , Shirzadeh Azam Ali , Eghbalian Mostafa , Hajialiakbari Venus , Shahbazi Fatemeh 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Maternal mortality prevention and delivering optimal outcomes for both mother
and fetus is the utmost concern of health systems in any country.

Objective:
This study aimed to examine maternal mortality in pregnant women since the beginning of the
COVID-19 pandemic in Hamadan province, western Iran. Examining the causes of maternal mortality
can be valuable in identifying mortality factors in line with prospective strategic plans.

Methods:
This case series study introduces the data of seven deceased pregnant women, the deaths of
whom occurred since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic (December 2019 – March 2021) in the
hospitals of cities within Hamadan province. All data were reported at the time of death or at least 14 days
after hospital admission. In this study, epidemiological features and pregnancy history, background diseases,
clinical symptoms, initial vital signs, medications in use, clinical laboratory values, delivery type,
and neonatal outcome were assessed, respectively.

Results:
In the seven maternal mortality cases reported in this study, three women succumbed to pregnancy-
related causes (two cases of preeclampsia and one case of antiphospholipid syndrome), and four women
to severe coronavirus disease. All deceased mothers had been admitted to the intensive care unit as a
result of severe illness. Four cases concerned a background condition as well, which included thromboembolic
disorders, epilepsy, and lupus. In mortality cases, two women displayed a BMI score over 30.
One maternal death had occurred 42 days postpartum, while five deaths had occurred prior to 37 weeks of
gestation, and one past 37 weeks of gestation.

Conclusion:
This report provided valuable information on maternal mortality factors. Maternal mortality
necessitates a careful acquisition of monitoring data, but in the prevailing pandemic circumstances, caution
necessitates raising awareness of the maternal mortality potential in women with COVID-19 diagnosis
in the second or third trimester. Pregnancy care programs must focus on recognizing high-risk groups
of mothers-to-be with background conditions and risk factors for pregnancy, given that early diagnosis
and prompt referral are invaluable in the immediate treatment and relief of pregnant mothers-to-be.
The First National Program of Remote Cardiac Rehabilitation in Israel–Goal Achievements, Adherence, and Responsiveness in Older Adult Patients: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Nabutovsky Irene , Breitner Daniel , Heller Alexis , Scheinowitz Mickey , Klempfner Yarin , Klempfner Robert 
Published: August 2022

Background
Remote cardiac rehabilitation (RCR) after myocardial infarction is an innovative Israeli national program in the field of telecardiology. RCR is included in the Israeli health coverage for all citizens. It is generally accepted that telemedicine programs better apply to younger patients because it is thought that they are more technologically literate than are older patients. It has also previously been thought that older patients have difficulty using technology-based programs and attaining program goals.

Objective
The objectives of this study were as follows: to study patterns of physical activity, goal achievement, and improvement in functional capacity among patients undergoing RCR over 65 years old compared to those of younger patients; and to identify predictors of better adherence with the RCR program.

Methods
A retrospective study of patients post–myocardial infarction were enrolled in a 6-month RCR program. The activity of the patients was monitored using a smartwatch. The data were collected and analyzed by a special telemedicine platform. RCR program goals were as follows: 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, 120 minutes of the activity in the target heart rate recommended by the exercise physiologist, and 8000 steps per day. Models were created to evaluate variables predicting adherence with the program.

Results
Out of 306 patients, 80 were older adults (mean age 70 years, SD 3.4 years). At the end of the program, there was a significant improvement in the functional capacity of all patients (P=.002). Specifically, the older adult group improved from a mean 8.1 (SD 2.8) to 11.2 (SD 12.6). The metabolic equivalents of task (METs) and final MET results were similar among older and younger patients. During the entire program period, the older adult group showed better achievement of program goals compared to younger patients (P=.03). Additionally, we found that younger patient age is an independent predictor of early dropout from the program and completion of program goals (P=.045); younger patients were more likely to experience early program dropout and to complete fewer program goals.

Conclusions
Older adult patients demonstrated better compliance and achievement of the goals of the remote rehabilitation program in comparison with younger patients. We found that older age is not a limitation but rather a predictor of better RCR program compliance and program goal achievement.