bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different plant compartments, different yeasts: The example of the bromeliad phyllosphere
Authors: Félix Ciro R. , da Silva Nascimento Bruno E. , Valente Patrícia , Landell Melissa F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe plant phyllosphere is one of the largest sources of microorganisms, including yeasts. In bromeliads, the knowledge of yeasts is dispersed and still incipient. To understand the extent of our knowledge of the subject, this review proposes to compile and synthesize existing knowledge, elucidating possible patterns, biotechnological and taxonomic potentials, bringing to light new knowledge, and identifying information gaps. For such, we systematically review scientific production on yeasts in bromeliads using various databases. The results indicated that the plant compartments flowers, fruits, leaves, and water tank (phytotelma) have been studied when focusing on the yeast community in the bromeliad phyllosphere. More than 180 species of yeasts and yeast‐like fungi were recorded from the phyllosphere, 70% were exclusively found in one of these four compartments and only 2% were shared among all. In addition, most of the community had a low frequency of occurrence, and approximately half of the species had a single record. Variables such as bromeliad subfamilies and functional types, as well as plant compartments, were statistically significant, though inconclusive and with low explanatory power. At least 50 yeast species with some biotechnological potentials have been isolated from bromeliads. More than 90% of these species were able to produce extracellular enzymes. In addition, other biotechnological applications have also been recorded. Moreover, new species have been described, though yeasts were only exploited in approximately 1% of the existing bromeliads species, which highlights that there is still much to be explored. Nevertheless, it appears that we are still far from recovering the completeness of the diversity of yeasts in this host. Furthermore, bromeliads proved to be a good ecological model for prospecting new yeasts and for studies on the interaction between plants and yeasts. In addition, the yeast community diverged among plant compartments, establishing bromeliads as a microbiologically complex and heterogeneous mosaic.
Twist-three cross-sections in deeply virtual Compton scattering
Authors: Guo Yuxun , Ji Xiangdong , Kriesten Brandon , Shiells Kyle 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the deeply virtual Compton scattering process with both twist-two and twist-three Compton form factors and present our cross-sections formulas with all polarization configurations. While the twist-three contributions are generally assumed to be negligible in the literature due to the kinematical suppression, we compare them with the twist-two ones at typical JLab 6 GeV and 12 GeV kinematics as well as EIC kinematics and show their kinematical suppression explicitly, justifying the leading-twist approximation made in the literature. In addition, we also estimate the twist-three Compton form factors using Wandzura-Wilczek relations and inputs of twist-two generalized parton distributions based on a reggeized spectator model. With those estimated Compton form factors, we analyze the kinematical behavior of twist-two and twist-three cross-sections in a wide range of kinematics, and discuss the optimal regions for separating the leading-twist effects from the higher-twist ones.
A strongly first-order electroweak phase transition from Loryons
Authors: Banta Ian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the effect of BSM particles receiving most of their mass from their coupling to the Higgs boson (“Loryons”) on the electroweak phase transition. The existence of BSM Loryons would imply that electroweak symmetry must be non-linearly realized in the effective theory of the Standard Model. Since, by definition, Loryons have a significant coupling to the Higgs, they are expected to have a significant effect on the Higgs effective potential and thereby the electroweak phase transition. We show that the BSM Loryon parameter space viable under current experimental and theoretical constraints overlaps heavily with the parameter space in which a strongly first-order phase transition is predicted. The portion of the experimentally allowed parameter space which gives a strongly first-order phase transition is significantly larger for Loryons as compared to non-Loryons.
Information scrambling versus quantum revival through the lens of operator entanglement
Authors: Goto Kanato , Mollabashi Ali , Nozaki Masahiro , Tamaoka Kotaro , Tan Mao Tian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we look for signatures of quantum revivals in two-dimensional conformal field theories (2d CFTs) on a spatially compact manifold by using operator entanglement. It is believed that thermalization does not occur on spatially compact manifolds as the quantum state returns to its initial state which is a phenomenon known as quantum revival. We find that in CFTs such as the free fermion CFT, the operator mutual information exhibits quantum revival in accordance with the relativistic propagation of quasiparticles while in holographic CFTs, the operator mutual information does not exhibit this revival and the quasiparticle picture breaks down. Furthermore, by computing the tripartite operator mutual information, we find that the information scrambling ability of holographic CFTs can be weakened by the finite size effect. We propose a modification of an effective model known as the line tension picture to explain the entanglement dynamics due to the strong scrambling effect and find a close relationship between this model and the wormhole (Einstein-Rosen Bridge) in the holographic bulk dual.
Aspects of entanglement in non-local field theories with fractional Laplacian
Authors: Roy Pratim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In recent years, various aspects of theoretical models with long range interactions have attracted attention, ranging from out-of-time-ordered correlators to entanglement. In the present paper, entanglement properties of a simple non-local model with long-range interactions in the form of a fractional Laplacian is investigated in both static and a quantum quench scenario. Logarithmic negativity, which is a measure for entanglement in mixed states is calculated numerically. In the static case, it is shown that the presence of long-range interaction ensures that logarithmic negativity decays much slower with distance compared to short-range models. For a sudden quantum quench, the temporal evolution of the logarithmic negativity reveals that, in contrast to short-range models, logarithmic negativity exhibits no revivals for long-range interactions for the time intervals considered. To further support this result, a simpler measure of entanglement, namely the entanglement entropy is also studied for this class of models.
Goldilocks modes and the three scattering bases
Authors: Donnay Laura , Pasterski Sabrina , Puhm Andrea 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We consider massless scattering from the point of view of the position, momentum, and celestial bases. In these three languages different properties of physical processes become manifest or obscured. Within the soft sector, they highlight distinct aspects of the infrared triangle: quantum field theory soft theorems arise in the limit of vanishing energy ω, memory effects are described via shifts of fields at the boundary along the null time coordinate u, and celestial symmetry algebras are realized via currents that appear at special values of the conformal dimension ∆. We focus on the subleading soft theorems at ∆ = 1 − s for gauge theory (s = 1) and gravity (s = 2) and explore how to translate the infrared triangle to the celestial basis. We resolve an existing tension between proposed overleading gauge transformations as examined in the position basis and the ‘Goldstone-like’ modes where we expect celestial symmetry generators to appear. In the process we elucidate various order-of-limits issues implicit in the celestial formalism. We then generalize our construction to the tower of w1+∞ generators in celestial CFT, which probe further subleading-in-ω soft behavior and are related to subleading-in-r vacuum transitions that measure higher multipole moments of scatterers. In the end we see that the celestial basis is ‘just right’ for identifying the symmetry structure.
Spatial Filter for the Pseudo-spectral Implementation of Fractional Derivative Wave Equation
Authors: Xu Qiang , Wang Yanghua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe viscoelasticity of the subsurface media varies spatially, and such viscoelasticity can be represented concisely by a wave equation in the form of fractional temporal derivative (FTD). We have developed a strategy for simulating seismic waves propagating through a heterogeneous viscoelastic model. The FTD is transferred to fractional spatial derivatives (FSDs), and the FSDs are implemented through the fast Fourier transform (FFT), for improving the computational efficiency. However, the FFT implementation is not rigorously applicable to the heterogeneous model. In this paper, we have reformulated the FSD wave equation by introducing a spatial-position dependent filter. This spatial filter corrects the errors that are caused by the assumption of non-heterogeneity in the FFT implementation. This formulation appropriately represents the viscoelastic effect in seismic wave propagation, leading to the improvement on the accuracy of numerical simulation.
Gromov–Witten theory and invariants of matroids
Authors: Ranganathan Dhruv , Usatine Jeremy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe use techniques from Gromov–Witten theory to construct new invariants of matroids taking value in the Chow groups of spaces of rational curves in the permutohedral toric variety. When the matroid is realizable by a complex hyperplane arrangement, our invariants coincide with virtual fundamental classes used to define the logarithmic Gromov–Witten theory of wonderful models of arrangement complements, for any logarithmic structure supported on the wonderful boundary. When the boundary is empty, this implies that the quantum cohomology ring of a hyperplane arrangement’s wonderful model is a combinatorial invariant, i.e., it depends only on the matroid. When the boundary divisor is maximal, we use toric intersection theory to convert the virtual fundamental class into a balanced weighted fan in a vector space, having the expected dimension. We explain how the associated Gromov–Witten theory is completely encoded by intersections with this weighted fan. We include a number of questions whose positive answers would lead to a well-defined Gromov–Witten theory of non-realizable matroids.
Scale-dependent patterns and drivers of vascular plant, bryophyte and lichen diversity in dry grasslands of the Swiss inneralpine valleys
Authors: Bergauer Miro , Dembicz Iwona , Boch Steffen , Willner Wolfgang , Babbi Manuel , Blank-Pachlatko Jonathan , Catalano Chiara , Cykowska-Marzencka Beata , Gehler Jamyra , Guarino Riccardo , Keller Sabrina , Moysiyenko Ivan , Vynokurov Denys , Widmer Stefan , Dengler Jürgen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe inner-alpine dry valleys of the Swiss Alps are characterized by subcontinental climate, leading to many peculiarities in dry grassland species composition. Despite their well-known uniqueness, comprehensive studies on biodiversity patterns of the dry grasslands in these valleys were still missing. To close this gap, we sampled 161 10-m2 vegetation plots in the Rhône, Rhine and Inn valleys, recording vascular plants, terricolous bryophyte and lichen species, as well as environmental data. Additionally, we tested the scale-dependence of environmental drivers using 34 nested-plot series with seven grain sizes (0.0001–100 m2). We analysed the effects of environmental drivers related to productivity/stress, disturbance and within-plot heterogeneity on species richness. Mean species richness ranged from 2.3 species in 0.0001 m2 to 58.8 species in 100 m2. For all taxa combined, the most relevant drivers at the grain size of 10 m2 were southing (negative), litter (negative), mean annual precipitation (unimodal), gravel cover (negative), inclination (unimodal) and mean annual precipitation (unimodal). For vascular plants the pattern was similar, while bryophyte and lichen richness differed by the opposite relationship to mean annual precipitation as well as negative influences of mean herb layer height, grazing and mowing. The explained variance of the multiple regression model increased with grain size, with very low values for the smallest two grain sizes. While southing and litter had high importance for the fiver larger grain sizes, pH and gravel cover were particularly important at the intermediate grain sizes, and inclination and mean annual precipitation for the two largest grain sizes. The findings emphasize the importance of taxonomic group and grain size for patterns and drivers of species richness in vegetation, consistent with ecological theory. Differences in the diversity–environment relationships among the three taxonomic groups can partly be explained by asymmetric competition that leads to low bryophyte and lichen diversity where vascular plants do well and vice versa. The relatively low alpha diversity of vascular plants in dry grasslands in Swiss inner-alpine valleys compared to similar communities in other parts of the Palaearctic remains puzzling, especially because Swiss stands are often large and well-preserved.
Comparison of functional outcome and patient satisfaction between patients with socket prosthesis and patients treated with transcutaneous osseointegrated prosthetic systems (TOPS) after transfemoral amputation
Authors: Örgel Marcus , Schwarze Frederik , Graulich Tilman , Krettek Christian , Weidemann Friederike , Aschoff Horst-Heinrich , Winkelmann Marcel , Ranker Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this retrospective analysis was to investigate and evaluate differences in functional outcome and satisfaction of patients treated with a TOPS and patients using socket prosthesis after transfemoral amputation.

Methods
This retrospective comprehensive analysis included patients from a single hospital, and was conducted between February 2017 and December 2018. Overall n = 139 patients with prosthesis were included and divided into two comparable groups (socket- and TOPS group). Incomplete data sets were excluded. This led to n = 36 participants for the socket- and n = 33 for the TOPS group. Functional outcome and satisfaction were evaluated by Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). The used PROMs were: Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA), EQ5D-5L, Satisfaction with Prosthesis Questionnaire (SAT-PRO), Prosthesis Mobility Questionnaire (PMQ 2.0) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM).

Results
Significant results in favor of TOPS patients were identified for the EQ-5D 5L (p = 0.004), Q-TFA (p = 0.000), SAT-PRO (p = 0.000) and PMQ 2.0 (p = 0.000). For FIM, no statistical significance was found (p = 0.318).

Conclusion
In this study, transfemoral amputees treated with an osseointegrated prosthetic attachment (TOPS) showed significantly higher scores for mobility and satisfaction. This demonstrates the high potential of TOPS in the prosthetic treatment of patients with transfemoral amputation with regard to their functional abilities in daily life.
Do the determinants of foreign direct investment have a reverse and symmetric impact on foreign direct divestment?
Authors: Haug Alfred A. , Nguyen Anh T. N. , Owen P. Dorian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNegative foreign direct investment (divestment) between countries has received little attention in international macroeconomics. This is the first country-level study to investigate whether conventional drivers of bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) have a reverse, but symmetric, impact on foreign direct divestment (FDD). Using bilateral negative and positive FDI data between 126 countries or territories, from 2005 to 2018, we find that conventional gravity variables that have statistically significant effects on FDI, such as host and source country GDP, distance, and source-country remoteness, have similar-signed effects on FDD, rather than opposite-signed effects. Formal testing of whether coefficients on the determinants of the absolute value of divestment are equal but opposite signed to those for investment rejects this hypothesis. The view that what may lead to more FDI may impede FDD is not supported by our empirical findings.
Adaptive perceptual responses to asymmetric rotation for testing otolithic function
Authors: Faralli Mario , Pelliccia Chiara , Occhigrossi Chiara , Bruni Rosa , Frati Francesco , Ricci Giampietro , Pettorossi Vito Enrico 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to test the role of the otolithic system in self-motion perception by examining adaptive responses to asymmetric off-axis vertical rotation. Self-movement perception was examined after a conditioning procedure consisting of prolonged asymmetric sinusoidal yaw rotation of the head on a stationary body with hemicycle faster than the other hemicycle. This asymmetric velocity rotation results in a cumulative error in spatial self-motion perception in the upright position that persists over time. Head yaw rotation conditioning was performed in different head positions: in the upright position to activate semicircular canals and in the supine and prone positions to activate both semicircular canals and otoliths with the phase of otolithic stimulation reversed with respect to activation of the semicircular canals. The asymmetric conditioning influenced the cumulative error induced by four asymmetric cycles of whole-body vertical axis yaw rotation. The magnitude of this error depended on the orientation of the head during the conditioning. The error increased by 50% after upright position conditioning, by 100% in the supine position, and decreased by 30% in the prone position. The enhancement and reduction of the perceptual error are attributed to otolithic modulation because of gravity influence of the otoliths during the conditioning procedure in supine and prone positions. These findings indicate that asymmetric velocity otolithic activation induces adaptive perceptual errors such as those induced by semicircular canals alone, and this adaptation may be useful in testing dynamic otolithic perceptual responses under different conditions of vestibular dysfunction.
Upcycling of waste polyethylene and cement kiln dust to produce polymeric composite sheets using gamma irradiation
Authors: Khozemy Ehab E. , Radi H. , Mazied Nabila A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCement kiln dust (CKD) is a residue produced during the manufacture of cement that contains hazardous solid waste of high toxicity that affects the environment and public health. In this study, the possibility of using CKD as a filler in the plastic and rubber industry was studied. The effect of CKD concentration and gamma irradiation dose on the mechanical and physico-chemical properties of the composite containing waste polyethylene/devulcanized rubber/EPDM rubber (named blank) was investigated. Different concentrations of CKD, namely 10, 15, 20, and 30 phr (part per hundred part of composite), were used. The results indicated that this composite (blended with CKD) properties were improved. The most significant improvement was achieved by using CKD concentration of 20 phr at the dose of 100 kGy of gamma irradiation. These findings were demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis.
Graphical abstract
Two-level method part-scale thermal analysis of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Authors: Carraturo Massimo , Viguerie Alex , Reali Alessandro , Auricchio Ferdinando 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNumerical simulations of a complete laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) process are extremely challenging, or even impossible, to achieve without a radical model reduction of the complex physical phenomena occurring during the process. However, even when we adopt a reduced model with simplified physics, the complex geometries of parts usually produced by the LPBF AM processes make this kind of analysis computationally expensive. In fact, small geometrical features—which might be generated when the part is designed following the principle of the so-called design for AM, for instance, by means of topology optimization procedures—often require complex conformal meshes. Immersed boundary methods offer an alternative to deal with this kind of complexity, without requiring complicated meshing strategies. The two-level method lies within this family of numerical methods and presents a flexible tool to deal with multi-scale problems. In this contribution, we apply a modified version of the recently introduced two-level method to part-scale thermal analysis of LPBF manufactured components. We first validate the proposed part-scale model with respect to experimental measurements from the literature. Then, we apply the presented numerical framework to simulate a complete LPBF process of a topologically optimized structure, showing the capability of the method to easily deal with complex geometrical features.
Endoscopic transcanal management of incus long process defects: rebridging with bone cement versus incus interposition
Authors: Moneir Waleed , Salem Mohammed Abdelbadie , Hemdan Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
to compare hearing outcomes between endoscopic transcanal rebridging with bone cement and endoscopic transcanal incus interposition in patients with incus long process defects secondary to chronic suppurative otitis media (inactive mucosal type).

Methods
This retrospective study was performed on 83 ears of 83 consecutive patients with incus long process defects secondary to chronic suppurative otitis media (inactive mucosal type). According to the extent of incus long process erosion and subsequent ossiculoplasty technique, patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients in group 1 had erosion involving up to two thirds of the length of the incus long process and underwent endoscopic transcanal rebridging with bone cement. Patients in group 2 had erosion involving more than two thirds of the length of the incus long process and underwent endoscopic transcanal incus interposition.

Results
Hearing gain (mean ± standard deviation) was 21.39 ± 2.15 dB in group 1 and 19.71 ± 6.12 dB in group 2. A significantly greater hearing gain was achieved in bone cement group than in incus interposition group (P value < 0.001). Successful hearing outcome (post-operative air bone gap closure within 20 dB) was achieved in 81.6% and 71.1% of patients of group 1 and group 2 respectively.

Conclusion
Endoscopic transcanal rebridging with bone cement offers greater hearing gain than endoscopic transcanal incus interposition. The two techniques remain reliable and cost-effective techniques in management of patients with incus long process defects. The main limitation of this study was the short follow-up period. Further studies with relatively long-term follow-up are strongly recommended.