bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amino Acid Sequence of the Protease Inhibitor BWI‐4a From Buckwheat Seeds
Authors: Belozersky Mikhail A. , Dunaevsky Yakov E. , Musolyamov Alexander Kh. , Egorov Tsezi A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe complete amino acid sequence of protease inhibitor BWI‐4a from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) seeds, consisting of 67 amino acid residues with a single disulfide bond, has been established by Edman degradation in combination with matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Its N terminus is blocked by a pyroglutamic acid residue. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that inhibitor BWI‐4a is present in buckwheat seeds in two isoforms with a single amino acid substitution of Ala40 for Gly40. The reactive site of the inhibitor contains an Arg43‐Asp44 bond. Analysis of the amino acid sequence suggests that the buckwheat seed protease inhibitor is a member of the potato proteinase inhibitor I family.
Transport of Mitochondria During Axonogenesis
Authors: Dedov Vadim N. , Dedova Irina V. , Armati Patricia J. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe cellular mechanisms involved in axonogenesis are still unclear. In the present work we found that formation of neurites in cultured neonatal dorsal root ganglion neurons co‐incided with the redistribution of highly charged mitochondria. Radially distributed in subplasmalemmal space 3 h after plating, highly charged mitochondria formed clusters in the hillocks of predominant neurites during the next 24?48 h and then redistributed into the axons. These results provide evidence that accumulation of a critical mass of charged mitochondria at the site of the future axonal hillock may represent the slow initiation stage of axonogenesis, followed by a fast growth phase.
Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells (NFAT1‐C) Represses the Enhancer II and Pregenomic Promoter (EnII/Cp) of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Through its Responsive Site GGAGA and Nullifies the HBx‐Driven Transcriptional Activation
Authors: Lee Joong Hyuk , Rho Hyune Mo 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe immunosuppressant cyclosporin A (CsA)‐sensitive nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1) has been known to be a transcriptional regulator of cytokine and viral genes during the immune response. By analyses of serial deletion, mutation, and heterologous promoter assay, we report here that the CsA‐sensitive NFAT1‐C represses the transcriptional activity of enhancer II and pregenomic promoter (EnII/Cp) of HBV through the NFAT1‐C responsive site (GGAGA, nt 1603‐1618) and nullifies the HBx‐driven transcriptional activation of the EnII/Cp of HBV in a dose‐dependent manner. These results suggest that a CsA‐sensitive NFAT1‐C may control the viral activity in HBV‐infected cells by inhibiting the EnII/Cp and nullifying the HBx‐driven transcriptional activation.
Predecessors of preprint servers
Authors: Till James E. 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTAlthough there was an early experiment in the 1960s with the central distribution of paper preprints in the biomedical sciences, these sciences have not been early adopters of electronic preprint servers. Some barriers to the development of a ‘preprint culture’ in the biomedical sciences are described. Multiple factors that, from the 1960s, fostered the transition from a paper‐based preprint culture in high energy physics to an electronic one are also described. A new revolution in scientific publishing, in which journals come to be regarded as an overlay on electronic preprint databases, will probably overtake some areas of research much more quickly than others.
A computer-driven approach to PCR-based differential screening, alternative to differential display.
Authors: Consalez G G , Cabibbo A , Corradi A , Alli C , Sardella M , Sitia R , Fesce R 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
MOTIVATION: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based RNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool for the isolation of differentially expressed genes in studies of neoplasia, differentiation or development. Arbitrarily primed RNA fingerprinting is capable of targeting coding regions of genes, as opposed to differential display techniques, which target 3' non-coding cDNA. In order to be of general use and to permit a systematic survey of differential gene expression, RNA fingerprinting has to be standardized and a number of highly efficient and selective arbitrary primers must be identified. RESULTS: We have applied a rational approach to generate a representative panel of high-efficiency oligonucleotides for RNA fingerprinting studies, which display marked affinity for coding portions of known genes and, as shown by preliminary results, of novel ones. The choice of oligonucleotides was driven by computer simulations of RNA fingerprinting reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR experiments, performed on two custom-generated, non-redundant nucleotide databases, each containing the complete collection of deposited human or murine cDNAs. The simulation approach and experimental protocol proposed here permit the efficient isolation of coding cDNA fragments from differentially expressed genes. AVAILABILITY: Freely available on request from the authors. CONTACT: fesce.riccardo@hsr.it
TRITON: in silico construction of protein mutants and
prediction of their activities
Authors: Prokop Martin , Damborský Jir̆ı́ , Koc̆a Jaroslav 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: One of the objectives of protein engineering is to propose and construct modified proteins with improved activity for the substrate of interest. Systematic computational investigation of many protein variants requires the preparation and handling of a large number of data files. The type of the data generated during the modelling of protein variants and the estimation of their activities offers the possibility of process automatization.
Results: The graphical program TRITON has been developed for modelling protein mutants and assessment of their activities. Protein mutants are modelled from the wild type structure by homology modelling using the external program MODELLER. Chemical reactions taking place in the mutants active site are modelled using the semi-empirical quantum mechanic program MOPAC. Semi-quantitative predictions of mutants activities can be achieved by evaluating the changes in energies of the system and partial atomic charges of active site residues during the reaction. The program TRITON offers graphical tools for the preparation of the input data files, for calculation and for the analysis of the generated output data.
Availability: The program TRITON can run under operating systems IRIX, Linux and NetBSD. The software is available at http://www.chemi.muni.cz/lbsd/triton.html.
Contact: triton@chemi.muni.cz
* Dedicated to Professor Milan Kratochvı́l on the occasion of his 75th birthday.
To whom correspondence should be addressed.
PlantSat: a specialized database for plant satellite repeats
Authors: Macas Jir̆ı́ , Mészáros Tibor , Nouzová Marcela 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Motivation: Tandemly organized repetitive sequences (satellite DNA) are widespread in complex eukaryotic genomes. In plants, satellite repeats often represent a substantial part of nuclear DNA but only a little is known about the molecular mechanisms of their amplification and their possible role(s) in genome evolution and function. Unfortunately, addressing these questions via characterization of general sequence properties of known satellite repeats has been hindered by a difficulty in obtaining a complete and unbiased set of sequence data for this analysis. This is mainly due to the presence of multiple entries of homologous sequences and of single entries that contain more than one repeated unit (monomer) in the public databases.
Results: We have established a computer database specialized for plant satellite repeats (PlantSat) that integrates sequence data available from various resources with supplementary information including repeat consensus sequences, abundances, and chromosomal localizations. The sequences are stored as individual repeat monomers grouped into families, which simplifies their computer analysis and makes it more accurate. Using this feature, we have performed a basic sequence analysis of the whole set of plant satellite repeats with respect to their monomer length and nucleotide composition. The analysis revealed several preferred length ranges of the monomers (∼165 bp and its multiples) and an over-representation of the AA/TT dinucleotide in the repeats. We have also detected an enrichment of satellite DNA sequences for the motif CAAAA that is supposed to be involved in breakage–reunion of repeated sequences.
Availability: The PlantSat database is accessible via a web interface (http://w3lamc.umbr.cas.cz/PlantSat) and can be searched for keywords, sequence motifs, and sequence homologies, or it can be used as a source of organized sequence data for further analyses.
Contact: macas@umbr.cas.cz
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Identification of an ALK‐2 Inhibitor as an Agonist for Intercellular Exchange and Tumor Delivery of Nanomaterial
Authors: Wu Xian , Guo Hong , Zhao Jiaqi , Wei Yushuang , Li Yue‐Xuan , Pang Hong‐Bo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInefficient extravasation and penetration in solid tissues hinder the clinical outcome of nanoparticles (NPs). Recent studies have shown the extravasation and penetration of NPs in solid tumor are mostly achieved via an active transcellular route. Numerous efforts are devoted to elucidate the endocytosis and subcellular trafficking of NPs. However, how they exit from one cell and re‐enter into neighboring ones (termed intercellular exchange) remains poorly understood. The previous study showed that a significant portion of NPs are transferred inside extracellular vesicles (EVs). Inhibition of EV biogenesis significantly reduces tumor accumulation and vascular penetration of various NPs in vivo. Here, a manual chemical screen is performed with this assay, which identifies that LDN‐214117 (an inhibitor for activin receptor‐like kinase‐2, ALK‐2) as an agonist of NP intercellular exchange. LDN‐214117 is showed to regulate the intercellular exchange by increasing the EV biogenesis via bone morphogenetic protein–mitogen‐activated protein kinase (BMP–MAPK) signaling pathway. LDN‐214117 treatment further enhances tumor accumulation and vascular penetration of a variety of NPs in multiple tumor models, which improves their antitumor efficacy. Overall, the identification of a novel chemical compound with intercellular exchange assay is showcase to modulate EV‐mediated transport, thus boosting the delivery and therapeutic efficacy of nanomaterials.
Nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in field‐grown heirloom tomato cultivar Brandywine
Authors: Lazicki Patricia , Geisseler Daniel , Smith Evie , Lloyd Margaret 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHeirloom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are a high‐value crop for organic vegetable growers. Tomato plants have a high N requirement and are adversely affected by insufficient, excessive, and poorly timed N fertilization. However, little information is available about N dynamics in heirloom tomato and whether their nutritional needs differ from those of hybrid fresh‐market (HFM) tomato. The project's goals were to (a) develop seasonal N accumulation curves for the popular heirloom tomato cultivar Brandywine, (b) measure the N removed with the harvested fruits, and (c) determine whether N concentrations from recently matured leaves from adequately and underfertilized fields as well as N accumulation and partitioning fell within published thresholds for HFM tomato plants. We tracked the leaf N concentrations, growth, yields and N accumulation of organically grown Brandywine tomato in a 2‐yr replicated field trial under low‐ and high‐N availability treatments. We also collected leaf and fruit samples from fertilized and unfertilized plots on local commercial organic fields. Total N accumulation ranged between 25 to 45 g N per linear bed meter and did not differ with N treatment. The N removed with the harvested fruit averaged 1.14 kg Mg−1 fresh fruit across all sites and years and differed by site but not N fertility. On average, 70–80% of tomato N demand occurred between full bloom and early harvest. The observed N accumulation per unit yield, seasonal N accumulation pattern, and leaf sufficiency thresholds for Brandywine tomato were within the ranges published for HFM tomato varieties.
Impact of adherence to hydroxyurea on health outcomes among patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Kang Hyeun Ah , Barner Jamie C. , Lawson Kenneth A. , Rascati Karen , Mignacca Robert C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough new pharmaceutical therapy options have recently become available, hydroxyurea is still the most commonly used and affordable treatment option for sickle cell disease (SCD). This study aimed to update the evidence on hydroxyurea adherence and its association with clinical and economic outcomes among individuals with SCD. This retrospective study used Texas Medicaid claims data from 09/2011–08/2016. Individuals were included if they had ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient SCD diagnoses, had ≥1 hydroxyurea prescription, were 2–63 years of age, and were continuously enrolled in Texas Medicaid between 6 months before and 1 year after the first hydroxyurea prescription fill date (index date). Hydroxyurea adherence (Medication Possession Ratio; MPR), vaso‐occlusive crisis (VOC)‐related outcomes, healthcare utilization and expenditures (SCD‐related and all‐cause) during the 1 year following the index date were measured. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to address the study objectives. Among 1035 included individuals (age: 18.8 ± 12.5 years, female: 52.1%), 20.9% were adherent to hydroxyurea (defined as MPR≥0.8). After adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics, compared to being non‐adherent, adhering to hydroxyurea was significantly associated with: a lower risk (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.480, p = .0007) and hazard rate (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.748, p = .0005) of a VOC event, fewer VOC events (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR] = 0.767, p = .0009), fewer VOC‐related hospital days (IRR = 0.593, p = .0003), fewer all‐cause and SCD‐related hospitalizations (IRR = 0.712, p = .0008; IRR = 0.707, p = .0008, respectively) and emergency department visits (IRR = 0.768, p = .0037; IRR = 0.746, p = .0041, respectively), and lower SCD‐related total healthcare expenditures (IRR = 0.796, p = .0266). Efforts to increase adherence to hydroxyurea could improve clinical and economic outcomes among individuals with SCD.
Health‐related quality of life in reduced‐intensity hematopoietic cell transplantation based on donor availability in patients aged 50–75 with advanced myelodysplastic syndrome: BMT CTN 1102
Authors: Cusatis Rachel , Martens Michael J. , Nakamura Ryotaro , Cutler Corey S. , Saber Wael , Lee Stephanie J. , Logan Brent R. , Shaw Bronwen E. , Gregory Alyssa , D'Souza Anita , Hamilton Betty K. , Horowitz Mary M. , Flynn Kathryn E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) is the only available curative therapy. The Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network study 1102 (BMT CTN 1102, NCT02016781) was a multicenter, biologic assignment trial based on matched donor availability in adults aged 50–75 with higher risk de novo MDS who were candidates for reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) alloHCT. The primary analysis showed that those who received alloHCT had a survival benefit, but whether this is at the cost of worse quality of life (QOL) has not been described in detail. English‐ and Spanish‐speaking trial participants completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—General (FACT‐G), the SF‐36, and the EQ‐5D, at enrollment, every 6 months until 24 months, and 36 months. We compared patient‐reported outcome (PRO) scores between study arms using an inverse probability weighted‐independent estimating equation (IPW‐IEE) model. Between January 2014 and November 2018, 384 subjects (median age 66.7 years, range: 50.1–75.3) enrolled at 34 centers. PRO completion rates were generally high at 65%–78%. The PRO trajectories for both arms were similar, with most decreasing or stable from baseline to 6 months and improving thereafter. Baseline PRO scores were the most consistent independent predictors of subsequent QOL outcomes and survival, even after controlling for clinical and patient‐level factors. For older adults with MDS, the survival advantage associated with donor availability and alloHCT did not come at the cost of worse QOL. These results should reassure older patients and clinicians who prefer a curative approach to treating MDS.
Enhancement of thermal conductivity for epoxy laminated composites by constructing hetero‐structured GF/BN networks
Authors: Li Chenglin , Du Qingyuan , Liu Changhao , An Yi , Liu Ying , Zheng Xiuting , Ru Yue , Gao Dali , Wu Daming , Sun Jingyao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to the rapid development of multifunctional and miniaturized electronic devices, the demand for polymer composites with mechanical properties, high‐thermal conductivity, and dielectric properties is increasing. Therefore, the heat dissipation capacity of the composite must be improved. To solve this problem, we report a glass fabric (GF)/boron nitride (BN) network with a highly thermally conductive hetero‐structured formed using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as an adhesive. The GF and BN are furtherly modified by (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) for better thermal conductivity enhancement. When the BN content is 30%, the thermal diffusion coefficient and thermal conductivity of obtained PVA‐mBN@mGF (PBG) are 2.843 mm2/s and 1.394 W/(m K), respectively. Epoxy (EP) resin is then introduced to prepare PBG/mBN/EP laminated composites via the hot pressing method as applied as thermal conductive composites. A highest thermal conductivity of 0.67 W/(m K) of PBG/mBN/EP laminated composites is obtained, three times higher than that of pure EP. In addition, the PBG/mBN/EP laminated composites also present favorable mechanical, electrically insulating, and dielectric properties.
Nurses' perspectives on the application of humanistic anatomical knowledge in clinical practice
Authors: Huang Chiung‐Yu , Lai Kuen‐Cherng , Lai Hui‐Ling 
Published: October 2022

AbstractKnowledge of human anatomy is vital for nurses. Medical educators use a variety of educational pedagogies, including the use of cadavers, to cultivate nursing students into competent and professional care providers and to help them gain authentic experience and knowledge before entering the workplace. Studies have provided numerous examples of students with positive learning experiences in human‐centric (humanistic) anatomy courses; however, whether these positive experiences translate into effective clinical practice remains largely unknown. This study explored nurses' perspectives on the effects of a humanistic anatomy program on their nursing practice. Focus groups with semi‐structured interview guidelines were conducted to collect data. Twenty‐one nurses working in hospitals in Taiwan participated and divided themselves into four groups on the basis of willingness to participate and availability. The interviews were recorded using smartphones, and the recordings were transcribed using a computer. The transcriptions were then checked word by word artificially and analyzed by hand. Three main themes emerged during the analysis: adapting to the professional journey, managing time when providing humanistic care, and cultivating professionalism. The results demonstrate educators' expectations that humanistic anatomy education for nursing students expands students' professional knowledge and helps them develop humanistic competencies as professional nurses.
Industrielle modulare Konstruktion mit niedrigem CO2‐Fußabdruck – EDGE Suedkreuz Berlin
Authors: Elze Martin , Müller Sabine , Günther Veronica 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEDGE Suedkreuz ist eines der größten in modularer Holz‐Hybridbauweise geplanten Gebäudeensembles in Deutschland. Es erstreckt sich über zwei Bürogebäude mit je sieben Stockwerken und einer verbindenden Tiefgarage, die vollständig mit Ladestationen für E‐Fahrzeuge ausgestattet ist. Vattenfall Deutschland wird hier sein Hauptquartier haben. Von Beginn an wurde ein Fokus auf die Nachhaltigkeit der Gebäude gelegt. Es galt sowohl den CO2‐Fußabdruck des Gebäudes zu reduzieren, nachhaltige und gesunde Materialien zu verwenden als auch das Wohlbefinden der künftigen Nutzer:innen zu berücksichtigen. Die modulare Holz‐Hybridbauweise ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil, um diesen Anspruch zu erreichen, und musste in das Engineering‐Konzept integriert werden. Dazu wurde Buro Happold mit einem multidisziplinären Team beauftragt und lieferte ein ganzheitliches Konzept aus Tragwerksplanung, technischer Gebäudeausrüstung, BIM‐Management und Nachhaltigkeitsberatung. Der Beitrag geht darauf ein, wie es den Ingenieur:innen gelang, die innovative Holz‐Hybridbauweise von CREE in dem Tragwerks‐ und TGA‐Konzept umzusetzen und erläutert Sonderkonstruktionen wie u. a. das ETFE‐Dach des Atriums.
Social motives in children: Greed and fear in a social bargaining game
Authors: Zhen Shanshan , Yu Rongjun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCooperation often coexists with defection in social interactions. Individuals may choose non‐cooperation in social dilemmas either out of fear (fear of being exploited by a non‐cooperative player) or out of greed (the desire to increase private payoff by defecting from a cooperative player). However, the developmental trajectories of such motives in social interactions remain unclear. In order to find out how fear and greed influence children's cooperative behaviors differentially, children aged 7 to 11 were tested in Study 1 using a modified repeated one‐shot prisoner's dilemma game (PDG) in which the incentives to be greedy or fearful were parametrically and independently manipulated. Results showed that children were sensitive to the greed effect at age 7 and their sensitivity was stable across middle childhood, while only 11‐year‐old children were significantly affected by fear when the greed level was low. These findings suggest that in the context of PDG, sensitivity to social threat increases with age across middle childhood especially under low temptation to exploit others, and the greed motive may be less influenced by age in this period. By continuing to use the same experiment with young adults, Study 2 revealed that young adults also demonstrated a diminished fear motive when the greed level was low in the PDG. Moreover, the sensitivity to social motives of 11‐year‐olds was comparable to the levels of young adults. Together, the present findings confirm that two different social motives underlie the development of cooperation in middle childhood.