bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV Status Knowledge and Healthcare Utilization in Rural South Africa: An illustrative comparison of HIV and Diabetes in the HAALSI Cohort
Authors: Beidelman Erika , Bärnighausen Till , Wing Coady , Tollman Stephen , Phillips Meredith , Rosenberg Molly 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies from rural South Africa indicate that people living with HIV (PLHIV) may have better health outcomes than those without, potentially due to the frequent healthcare visits necessitated by infection. Here, we examined the association between HIV status and healthcare utilization, using diabetes as an illustrative comparator of another high-burden, healthcare-intensive disease.
Methods
Our exposure of interest was awareness of positive disease status for both HIV and diabetes. We identified 742 individuals who were HIV-positive and aware of their status and 305 who had diabetes and were aware of their status. Further, HIV status was divided into two groups based on viral suppression. For each disease, we estimated the association with (1) other comorbid, chronic conditions, (2) health facility visits, (3) household-level healthcare expenditure, and (4) per-visit healthcare expenditure. We used log-binomial regression models to estimate prevalence ratios for co-morbid chronic conditions. Linear regression models were used for all other outcomes.
Results
Virally suppressed PLHIV had decreased prevalence of chronic conditions, increased public clinic visits [β = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.5, 0.7], and reduced per-visit private clinic spending [β = -60, 95% CI: -83, -6] compared to those without HIV. No differences were observed in hospitalizations and per-visit spending at hospitals and public clinics between virally suppressed PLHIV and non-PLHIV. Conversely, diabetic individuals had increased prevalence of chronic conditions, increased visits across facility types, increased household-level expenditures (β = 88 R, 95% CI: 29, 154), per-visit hospital spending (β = 54 R, 95% CI: 7, 155), and per-visit public clinic spending (β = 31 R, 95% CI: 2, 74) compared to those without diabetes.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that older PLHIV are visiting public clinics more often than their HIV-negative counterparts but are spending similarly on a per-visit basis. This provides evidence that the positive health outcomes observed among PLHIV may be explained by different healthcare engagement patterns. Through our illustrative comparison between PLHIV and diabetic individuals, we provide evidence that shifting disease burdens towards chronic and historically underfunded diseases, like diabetes, may be changing the landscape of health expenditure inequities.
Knowledge and Barriers to a Healthy Lifestyle in Medical Students
Authors: Nelson Brittany , Petushek Erich , Teising Sarah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Across the US, chronic illnesses, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, largely result from poor lifestyle decisions such as diet, tobacco/alcohol use, and physical inactivity. Medical students, in particular, have exceedingly unhealthy lifestyle habits, which can result in severe medical conditions, future poor patient outcomes, and burnout. However, little evidence exists on what perceived barriers medical students hold on lifestyle behaviors or how well they understand the relationship between specific lifestyle behaviors and their impact on health.
Method
This study included data from a self-selected sample of 127 medical students aged 22–41 years. All participants were from a midwestern university. Measures included the perceived health impact of 14 different lifestyle and dietary behaviors, self-reported barriers to lifestyle behaviors, and basic demographic questions.
Results
Results showed an average correlation of − .004 between participants' perceived impact and the actual impact of the behaviors on health (SD = .25; CI = − .047 − .039). Results also identified perceived barriers across behaviors that impact health. For example, results showed the most commonly reported barriers across eating behaviors are cost at 17%, taste at 14%, time at 8%, and food spoiling too quickly at 7%.
Conclusion
Data suggests medical students have insufficient knowledge of the impact of lifestyle behaviors on health. Results also identified several perceived challenges for each lifestyle behavior. Interventions that target a medical student population should include information regarding how to overcome perceived barriers and the impact of lifestyle behaviors on health. Incorporating such information will bolster future interventions' effectiveness.
CD34+ synovial fibroblasts exhibit high osteogenic potential in synovial chondromatosis
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Sun Hao , Li Hao , Li Deng , Cai Zhiqing , Xu Jie , Ma Ruofan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Backgroud Synovial chondromatosis (SC) is a disorder of the synovium characterized by the formation of cartilaginous nodules within the synovium. The aim of this study was to identify the abnormally differentiated progenitor cells and possible pathogenic signaling pathways. Methods Loose bodies and synovium were obtained from patients with SC during knee arthroplasty. Single cell RNA sequencing was used to identify cell subsets and their gene signatures in SC synovium. Cells derived from osteoarthritis (OA) synovium were used as control. Multi-differentiation and colony-forming assays were used to identify progenitor cells. Roles of transcription factors and signaling pathways were investigated through computational analysis and experimental verification. Results We identified changes in the proportions of CD34 + sublining fibroblasts in SC synovium. CD34 + CD31- cells and CD34-CD31- cells were sorted from SC synovium. Compared with CD34- cells, CD34 + cells had larger alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-stained area and calcified area after osteogenic induction. In addition, CD34 + cells exhibited a stronger tube formation ability than CD34-cells. Our bioinformatic analysis suggested the expression of TWIST1 suppressed the osteogenic potential of CD34- sublining fibroblasts and was regulated by TGF-β signaling pathway. Experiment showed that the combination of TGF-β1 and harmine, an inhibitor of TWIST1, could further stimulate the osteogenesis of CD34 + cells. Conclusions Overall, CD34 + stromal cells in SC synovium have multiple differentiation potentials, especially osteogenic differentiation potential, which may be responsible for the pathogenesis of SC.
Electroacupuncture ameliorates neuronal injury by NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion
Authors: wang Huanyuan , Xu Xifa , Du Guangzhong , Li Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis is one of the important causes of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Electroacupuncture (EA) is widely used in clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. However, mechanism of EA on ischemic stroke remains unclear. Therefore, on basis of previous work, this study used middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) 2h and then reperfusion 7d in rats to simulate brain I/R process. EA with Bahui (GV20) and Zusanli (ST36) and VX-765 (a specific inhibitor of Caspase-1) were performed. In this study, we found that EA improved cerebral infarct size and neuronal damage, including ultrastructural injury, and ameliorated nitro/oxidative stress in cerebral I/R. Additionally, EA treatment significantly decreased ASC, Caspase-1, GSDMD and IL-1β expression and VX-765 treatment significantly decreased NLRP3, Caspase-1 and IL-1β expression. This proved that EA can regulate NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis, improve neuronal injury during cerebral I/R and provide basic experimental data for clinical treatment.
Successful Oxaliplatin Desensitization After Omalizumab Administration
Authors: KATRAN ZEYNEP YEGİN , Bulut İsmet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: In our patient, who was diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer, who received a chemotherapy regimen containing oxaliplatin; We present successful desensitization after omaizumab in addition to our premedication scheme
Case presentation: 39 years,F. She underwent hemicolectomy and liver metastasectomy with the diagnosis of metastatic colon adenocarcinoma. Chemotherapy regimen consisting of 5 florauracil + Bevacizumab + Oxaliplatin was started. After completing infusions of 5 florauracil while she was receiving her fourth chemotherapy; In the 20th minute of the oxaliplatin infusion, redness and itching began in the palms. While her whole body was red,she had abdominal pain, low back pain, she had no other systemic findings. His blood pressure was 90/60 mmHg. With premedication, oxaliplatin was given in 12 dilutions of 3 bottles with the M.Castel scheme. In the 11th step, at the 5th minute, redness and itching developed on the face and palms. She stated that she had chest and abdominal pain with hypotansıon. After the current condition was treated, 92 mg of oxaliplatin could be given while the target dose was 120 mg . , a single dose of omalizumab 150 mg sc was administered the day before. Standard premedication was also given. The infusion was prepared as 4 bottles of 16 steps. The first three bottles were completed without any problems. Based on her previous reaction, additional premedication was given after Step 14.The desensitization scheme was successfully completed by taking the target dose of 120 mg in total.
Conclusıons: We were able to reach the target oxaliplatin dose successfully after our omalizumab administration an additional day before. Although more studies are needed on this subject, we think that omalizumab can be added to the standard premedication schemes of clinics in high-risk patients.
Two New Cobalt(II) Heterotrispin Dimers Bridged by Functional Nitronyl Nitroxides: Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Ma Jin-Ke , Chen Jing , Zhang You-Juan , Wang Qing-Lun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Two cyclic dimer Co(II)-nitronyl nitroxide (NITR) complexes, [Co(hfac)2(NITmPh3Py)]2 (1) and [Co(hfac)2(NIToPh3Py)]2 (2) (NITmPh3Py = 2-[3-methoxyphenyl(3-pyridinyl)]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl
imidazoline−1-oxyl-3-oxide; NIToPy3Ph =2-[2-methoxyphenyl(3-pyridinyl)]-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl
imidazoline−1-oxyl-3-oxide; hfac = hexaflfluoroacetylacetonate) have been successfully synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. Complex 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombi space group Pbcn with Z = 4, while complex 2 is in monoclinic space group P21/c with Z =2. The magnetic susceptibility studies show strong antiferromagnetic interactions between Co(II) ion and NITR radical in complexes 1 and 2.
Investigation of the optimal indocyanine green dose in real‐time fluorescent cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy with an ultra-high definition 4K fluorescent system: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Hui , Kuang Jiao , Huang Yu , Xu Yujie , Li Tianyang , Li Peilin , Huang Zisheng , Zhang Shuai , Weng Jiefeng , Lai Yueyuan , Wu Zhaofeng , Lin Fan , Gu Weili 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to investigate the indocyanine green (ICG) dose in real‐time fluorescent cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with a 4K fluorescent system.
Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in patients who underwent LC for treatment of cholelithiasis. Using the OptoMedic 4K fluorescent endoscopic system, we compared four different doses of ICG (1, 10, 25, and 100 µg) administered intravenously within 30 min preoperatively and evaluated the fluorescence intensity (FI) of the common bile duct and liver background and the bile-to-liver ratio (BLR) of the FI at three timepoints: before surgical dissection of the cystohepatic triangle, before clipping the cystic duct, and before closure.
Results: Forty patients were randomized into four groups, and 33 patients were fully analyzed, with 10 patients in Group A (1 µg), 7 patients in Group B (10 µg), 9 patients in Group C (25 µg), and 7 patients in Group D (100 µg). The preoperative baseline characteristics were compared among groups (p > 0.05). Group A showed no or minimal FI in the bile duct and liver background, while Group D showed extremely high FIs in the bile duct and in the liver background at the three timepoints. Groups B and C presented with visible FI in the bile duct and low FI in the liver background. With increasing ICG doses, the FIs in the liver background and bile duct gradually increased at the three timepoints. The BLR, however, showed no increasing trend with an increasing ICG dose. A relatively high BLR on average was found in Group B, without a significant difference compared to the other groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: An ICG dose ranging from 10 µg to 25 µg by intravenous administration within 30 min preoperatively was appropriate for real‐time fluorescent cholangiography in LC with a 4K fluorescent system.
Registration: This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR No: ChiCTR2200064726)
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new 2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-N-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine as selective COX-2 inhibitors
Authors: Movahed Mahsa Azami , Abbasi Fatemeh Khadem , Rajabi Mahsa , Abedi Niusha , Naderi Nima , Daraei Bahram , Zarghi Afshin - 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase (COX), which plays a role in converting arachidonic acid to inflammatory mediators, could be inhibited by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although potent NSAIDs are available for the treatment of pain, fever, and inflammation, some side effects such as gastrointestinal ulcers limit the use of these medications. During recent years, selective COX-2 inhibitors with a lower incidence of adverse effects attained an important position in medicinal chemistry. In order to introduce some new potent COX-2 inhibitors, a new series of 2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-N-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amines was designed, synthesized, and evaluated. The designed compounds were synthesized through multistep reactions. Enzyme inhibition assay and formalin test were performed to evaluate the activity of these compounds. The docking studies demonstrated SO2Me pharmacophore was inserted into the secondary pocket of COX-2, and other parts of docked molecules were positioned as well as a crystallographic ligand in the COX-2 active site. Among these compounds, 8-methyl-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-N-(p-tolyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-amine (5n) exhibited the most potency and selectivity against COX-2 (IC50= 0.07 µM, SI= 508.6). The antinociceptive activity assessment via the formalin test showed that nine derivatives (5a, 5d, 5h, 5i, 5k, 5q, 5r, 5s, and 5t) possessed significant activity compared with the control group with a p-value less than 0.05.
Effect of organic zinc on production performances, meat performances, apparent nutrients digestibility and gut microbiota of broilers in low protein diets
Authors: Dong Liping , Li Yumei , Zhang Yonghong , Zhang Yan , Ren Jing , Zheng Jinlei , Diao Jizhe , Ni Hongyu , Yin Yijing , Sun Ruihong , Liang Fangfang , Li Peng , Zhou Changhai , Yang Yuwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The high cost of feed and nitrogen pollution caused by high protein diets, which have become major challenges restricting sustainable development in China’s animal husbandry. Properly reducing the protein level and improving protein utilization in feed are a promising approach in solving this problem. To determine the optimal dose of methionine hydroxyl analog chelated zinc (MHA-Zn) in reduced 1.5% protein diets of broilers, total 216 1-day-old broilers were randomly allotted into 4 treatments and assess the index of growth and development at 42-days. Results showed no significant difference was observed for edible part between low protein (LP) diet group (90 mg/kg MHA-Zn) and normal diet group (P > 0.05), and adding 90 mg/kg MHA-Zn in LP diet significantly improved ileum morphology and apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). A 16S rRNA sequencing analysis indicated that supplementing LP diet with 90 mg/kg MHA-Zn was adequate for production performance of broilers, it can promote beneficial bacteria of cecum (Lactobacillus, Butyricoccus, Oscillospira et al.) (P < 0.01). These findings will be useful for guiding organic Zn concentration optimization in LP of broilers to improve production performance through restoring the imbalance of intestinal microbiome under the premise of reducing environmental pollution.
Open Source Board Based Acoustofluidic Transwells for Reversible Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier for Therapeutic Delivery
Authors: Wang Ke , Sun Chao , Duciums Povilas , Zhang Hongxiong , Wu Zhenlin , Tian Liangfei , Peng Wang , Fu Yongqing , Wei Jun , Cai Meng , Zhong Yi , Li Xiaoyu , Yang Xin , Cui Min 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial but dynamic structure that functions as a gatekeeper for the central nervous system (CNS). Managing sufficient substances across the BBB is a major challenge, especially in the development of therapeutics for CNS disorders.
Methods
To achieve an efficient, fast and safe strategy for BBB opening, an acoustofluidic transwell (AFT) was developed for reversible disruption of the BBB. The proposed AFT was consisted of a transwell insert where the BBB model was established, and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducer realized using open-source electronics based on printed circuit board techniques.
Results
In the AFT device, the SAW produced acousto-mechanical stimulations to the BBB model resulting in decreased transendothelial electrical resistance in a dose dependent manner, indicating the disruption of the BBB. Moreover, SAW stimulation enhanced transendothelial permeability to sodium fluorescein and FITC-dextran with various molecular weight in the AFT device. Further study indicated BBB opening was attributed to the apparent stretching of intercellular spaces. An in vivo study using a zebrafish model demonstrated SAW exposure promoted penetration of sodium fluorescein to the CNS.
Conclusions
In summary, AFT effectively disrupts the BBB under the SAW stimulation, which is promising as a new drug delivery methodology for neurodegenerative diseases.
Optimization of extraction of gingerol and studies on drying kinetics of ginger using Box-Behnken design
Authors: Sakkaravarthy Abishek , Prabhakaran Bhavadharani , Gurumoorthi Gurumoorthi Parameswaran 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The present study is attempted to perform the drying characteristics of ginger using a differential drying method and develop an optimization of the effect on various parameters such as moisture content, rehydration ratio, and to extract bio active compounds viz., total gingerol content, and total shogoal content followed by factors of Time (60–300 min), Temperature (70–160°C) and slice thickness (2–6 mm), respectively. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was selected for the design and optimization of the process variables. The result showed a significant effect on responses. The second-order polynomial models were constructed using experimental data to produce response surfaces and contour plots. The optimal conditions were determined by fitting an experimental model to correlate with the independent variables and responses. The drying temperature was discovered to be the most influential factor in all of the responses studied. Using response surfaces and desirability functions, the ideal process parameters are compared to the actual values respectively. To sum up, the optimal conditions obtained at the maximum responses as MC, RR, TGC, and TSC were 87.85% (w/w), 2.875% (w/w), 22.5 g/100g and 3.3 g/100g under the consideration of factors such as time, temperature, and slice thickness of 180 min, 160°C and 2mm.
Blackgold: Cow Dung Turns to Agricultural Treasure by Swift Composting
Authors: Choubey Poonam , Tiwari Yogesh Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
World has a long history of using Cow dung; bovine animals excreta, as crop nutritional resource in different ways. Cow dung is a source of diverse group of microorganisms that are beneficial to plants and humans as well due to their ability to produce a wide range of metabolites. Several cow dung microorganisms exhibit proven ability to enhance soil health and fertility. This research explained the swift composting methods of cow dung with minimum or no loss to its microbial composition. The process involves inoculation of the cow dung with some microbial inoculants. A combination of pit and heap methods was used in this experiment. The methods applied fastened the composting process and decomposed cow dung within 30 days. Additional enrichment with bio-capsules loaded with concentrated bio-fertilizers has proven an increasement in nutritional value of the cow dung compost. Present research also supported superiority of pit method of composting over heap methods. The research will support farmers and the farmyard manure producers to covert their animal excreta in high nutritional compost which further will enhance soil health and will also help in achieving economic growth. The process will also help municipal corporations in decomposing animal excreta in compost with enhanced potential.
Prediction model optimization, simulation, and experimental verification based on the material characteristic and dynamic angle on thrust force and torque in drilling GJV450
Authors: Geng Wenfeng , Lv Dejin , Yu Xin , Wang Yongguo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Compact graphite cast iron (CGI) is utilized extensively in the production of vehicle engines because it has numerous thermo-mechanical benefits. The main issues with CGI drilling are typically tied to changes in material properties, strong drilling forces, and limited tool lives. As a result, it is important to comprehend and anticipate the thrust forces and torques produced during CGI drilling. In this study, a prediction model for GJV450, a kind of CGI, is given that considers both the thermal softening of the material and the dynamic changes in the tool operating angle during the machining process. It is based on an optimized constitutive model. Finally, a three-dimensional finite element model is optimized utilizing the new constitutive model to simulate the drilling process of GJV450. Comparisons between the experimentally observed thrust forces, torques, and chip morphology are made with the results of simulations and predictions. The results show that the projected results are more in line with the experimental results than the models used by commercial FE software and that the thrust force error is reduced by 5.5% and the torque error is decreased by 19.13%.