bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic and Pharmacological Efficacy of Achyranthes aspera Linn.: An Updated Review
Authors: Raju Senthil Kumar , Kumar Shridharshini , Sekar Praveen , Murugesan Maruthamuthu , Karthikeyan Mohanapriya , Elampulakkadu Anjana , Arthanari Mythili 
Published: May 2022

Achyranthes aspera is an erect perennial herb that comes under the family Amaranthaceae. The plant and its parts are traditionally used to cure several diseases such as renal dropsy, hemorrhoids, dysentery, asthma, cough, stomach ache, skin eruptions, diarrhea, dysentery, stimulating labor pain, nose-bleeding, snake-bites, nose bleeding and dilating blood vessels. Secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, essential oil and fatty acids play a significant role in exhibiting increased bioactivity against a variety of diseases. Particularly, the presence of secondary metabolites including achyranthine, ecdysterone, oleanolic acid, spinasterol, apigenin, achyrantheric acid, ursolic acid, corrosolic acid, betaine are playing an important role in producing the potent pharmacological actions. A. aspera is widely used as purgative, laxative, astringent, diuretic and also as digestive. This review is particularly focused on the pharmacological and therapeutic potential of A. aspera and critically analyse the bioactivities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, tuberculocidal, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidaemic, anti-diuretic, anti-obesity, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, periodontitis, cerebro-protective, antiepileptic, anti-depressant, anti-parkinson, anxiolytic, bronchodilator, hepato-protective, haemorrhoids, reproductive and anti-venom activity along with the toxicity studies.
Keywords: Achyranthes aspera, Amaranthaceae, phytoconstituents, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, biological activity.
Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Detection of Occlusal Noncavitated Carious Lesions
Authors: Melo M , Pascual A , Camps I , Ata-Ali F , Ata-Ali J 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY
A total 302 teeth (148 molars and 154 premolars) corresponding to 152 patients aged ≥18 years were evaluated for caries using the ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), fluorescence (DD, DIAGNOdent) and electrical impedance (IMS, CarieScan PRO) systems. Fissurotomy and intraoral radiographs were used as the gold standard. Accordingly, 27.5% (n=84) of the teeth were classified as sound, while 26.9% (n=81) had enamel involvement and 45.6% (n=138) presented carious lesions reaching the dentin. Sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), and the area under the curve (AUC) were, respectively, 90.7%, 87.8%, and 0.954 (IMS); 92.4%, 92.7%, and 0.954 (DD); and 79.0%, 72.3%, and 0.756 (ICDAS). With regard to Se and Sp, there were significant differences between ICDAS and DD (p&lt;0.001) and between ICDAS and IMS (p=0.01), but not between IMS and DD (p=0.07). In relation to AUC, there were significant differences between ICDAS and DD (p&lt;0.001), and between ICDAS and IMS (p&lt;0.001), but not between IMS and DD (p&gt;0.05). The correlations between fissurotomy and each method were 88.7% (IMS), 89.7% (DD), and 77.1% (ICDAS). Within the limitations of this study, clinically, the electrical system is not useful for differentiating between sound teeth and truly incipient caries lesions by itself. The fluorescence or electrical systems are recommended with the ICDAS to detect carious lesions in their early stages.
Push-out Bond Strength of Two Fiber Posts in Composite Resin Using Different Types of Silanization
Authors: Novis RM , Leon BLT , França FMG , Turssi CP , Basting RT , Amaral FLB 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments and thermocycling (TC) on the push-out bond strength of two brands of glass fiber posts (GFPs) to composite resin.

Methods
White Post DC (WP) (FGM Dental Group International, Joinville, Santa Catarina, BR) and Exacto (EC) (Angelus, Clinical Research Dental, Londrina, PR, Brazil). GFPs were cleaned with 70% alcohol and divided into five groups, according to the surface treatment (n=15): control (C), without treatment; prehydrolyzed silane (S-pre) (Prosil, FGM Dental Group International); 37% phosphoric acid + prehydrolyzed silane (AcS-pre); Scotchbond Universal Adhesive System (AdU), 3M Oral Care; two-bottle silane (S2B) (Dentsply Sirona Inc). The composite resin was inserted around the posts by using a split matrix. The samples were cut into 1-mm slices. Half of the samples were subjected to the push-out test immediately, and the other half underwent TC before the test. After failure analysis, the data were submitted to three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (α=0.05).

Results
EC achieved higher bond strength than WP, regardless of TC (p&lt;0.05). Regarding WP, surface treatments (p&lt;0.001) and TC (p&lt;0.001) influenced bonding strength. As for EC without TC, the highest bond strength (p&lt;0.05) was found for C, then AcSpre, S-pre, AdU, and S2B. Application of TC resulted in a statistically higher bond strength values for the EC AcS-pre group (p&lt;0.05), followed by S2B, S-pre, C, and AdU. The WP failures were predominantly cohesive, similar to the EC AdU and EC S2B groups. The other EC groups showed mostly mixed failures.

Conclusions
Surface treatment and TC affected the bond strength to composite resin, depending on which post was used. It is important for dentists to understand the effects of different types of silanization on their chosen post.
Pembelajaran Matematika Guided Note Taking Dan Pbl Ditinjau Dari Motivasi Belajar Untuk Pencapaian Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah
Authors: Riyadi Jaka Slamet 
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas temuan dari penelitian kuasi eksperimen untukmengetahui pencapaian Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematik peserta didik SMK Negeri 1 Purwakarta kelas XI,sampel penelitian terdiri dari 3 kelas sebagai kelas eksperimen 1, dengan strategi pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL), kelas eksperimen 2 dengan strategi Guided Note Taking (GNT) dan kelas kontrol tanpa perlakuan dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah Cluster Sampling.Data yang digunakan adalah metode tes, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data menggunakan uji analisis variansi dua jalan dengan sel tidak sama, yang sebelumnya mengunakan uji prasarat analisis dengan metode lilliefors untuk uji normalitas dengan metode bartlet untuk uji homogenitas. Analisis data dengan taraf signifikansi 5% diperoleh bahwa: Tidak terdapat perbedaan pencapaian kemampuan pemecahan masalah antara kelas eksperimen 1, dengan eksperimen 2 ditinjau dari motivasi belajar matematika. Pencapaian kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik yang pembelajarannya menggunakan PBL lebih baik dari pada GNT, Pembelajaranya menggunakan PBL lebih baik dari konvensional, pembelajaranya menggunakan GNT tidak lebih baik dari konvensional, Pencapaian kemapuan pemecahan masalah matematik yang pembelajarannya menggunakan PBL nilainya lebih besar sama denan 70, 20 0rang, menggunakan GNT, 17 orang dan kelas Konvensional 17 orang, Tidak terdapat interaksi antara motivasi dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Melalui Penerapan Model Reciprocal Teaching Berbasis Saintifik
Authors: R Ari Hestaliana , M.A Endang Cahya 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini dilandasi oleh hasil studi pendahuluan di SMPN kota Bandung yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa belum memadai. Untuk itu perlu dicari sebuah model pembelajaran dalam menindaklanjuti masalah tersebut. Salah satunya melalui model reciprocal teaching berbasis saintifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan model reciprocal teaching berbasis saintifik. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Quasi Experimental Design dengan Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII di salah satu SMP Negeri Lembang. Sampel penelitian ini adalah kelas VIII B dan VIII E. Sampel dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Analisis data menggunakan Independent T-Test. Berdasarkan analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan model reciprocal teaching berbasis saintifik lebih baik daripada siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik.
Pengaruh Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Return on Asset dan Net Profit Margin terhadap Return Saham: Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2016-2020
Authors: Lestari Putri Wahyu , Nursiam Nursiam 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh current ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, dan net profit margin berpengaruh terhadap return saham. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dari Bursa Efek Indonesia, website saham ok, website yahoo finance dan website resmi perusahaan terkait. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling pada perusahaan sektor pertambangan yang ter daftar di BEI tahun 2016-2020. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 15 perusahaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel return on assets berpengaruh terhadap return saham, sedangkan current ratio, debt to equity ratio dan net profit margin tidak berpengaruh terhadap return saham.
Physiological and pathophysiological role of endocrine fibroblast growth factors
Authors: Łukawska Agata , Mulak Agata 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The endocrine subfamily of fibroblast growth factors (FGF) includes three factors: FGF19, FGF21, FGF23. They act on distal tissues through FGF receptors (FGFRs). The FGFR activation requires two cofactors: α- and β-Klotho, which are structurally related single-pass transmembrane proteins. The endocrine FGFs regulate various metabolic processes involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism as well as bile acid circulation, vitamin D modulation, and phosphate homeostasis. The FGF-FGFR dysregulation is widely implicated in the pathogenesis of various disorders. Significant alterations in plasma FGF concentration are associated with the most prevalent chronic diseases, including dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diseases of the biliary tract, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, osteomalacia, various malignancies, and depression. Therefore, the endocrine FGFs may serve as disease predictors or biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets. Currently, numerous analogues and inhibitors of endocrine FGFs are under development for treatment of various disorders, and recently, a human monoclonal antibody against FGF23 has been approved for treatment of X-linked hypophosphatemia. The aim of this review is to summarize the current data on physiological and pathophysiological actions of the endocrine FGF subfamily and recent research concerning the therapeutic potential of the endocrine FGF pathways.
Recent Trends on Nonlinear Filtering for Inverse Problems
Authors: Herty Michael , Iacomini Elisa , Visconti Giuseppe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Among the class of nonlinear particle filtering methods, the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) has gained recent attention for its use in solving inverse problems. We review the original method and discuss recent developments in particular in view of the limit for infinitely particles and extensions towards stability analysis and multi–objective optimization. We illustrate the performance of the method by using test inverse problems from the literature.
Coping with stress of mothers of children with disorders belonging to autism spectrum
Authors: Świerczyńska Justyna , Pawłowska Beata 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between coping styles in mothers of children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the severity of their children’s symptoms.Material and method:The study included a group of 70 women raising children with a medical diagnosis of ASD. The children with the aforementioned pervasive developmental disorders were from 5 to 16 years old and were patients of the Mental Health Centre in Kielce, Poland. A study involved: our own survey; the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) by R. Goodman; the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) questionnaire by Endler and Parker; the Sense of Coherence Scale SOC-29 by Antonovsky; the Set of Questionnaires for the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASRS) by S. Goldstein and J. A. Naglieri.Results:The mothers’ preference for emotion-focused and avoidance coping styles was found to correlate significantly with their low sense of coherence and the severity of their child’s ASD symptoms measured with ASRS and SDQ.Conclusions:1. Emotion-focused and avoidance coping styles were associated with a low sense of coherence in the surveyed women. 2. The mothers’ preference for emotion-focused and avoidance coping styles was associated with increased ASD symptoms, more severe emotional and behavioral deficits and poorer peer interactions in their children. 3. The mothers’ preference for problem-focused coping correlated with a low severity of their children’s social and communication deficits.
Measuring Accounting Conservatism in Financial Reports: A Comparison Between France and the United Kingdom
Authors: Kimouche Bilal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Accounting conservatism is necessary for more reliability and verifiability in financial reports. Studies have reported mixed results concerning the comparative level of conservatism across countries, especially the celebrated comparison between the common law and code law countries. Therefore, this study is an attempt to reinvestigate accounting conservatism in French and UK companies, using 110 French companies and 105 UK companies during the period 2011-2019. Accounting conservatism was measured depending on the asymmetric accruals-to-cash flows because it does not rely on market information and its fluctuations. The results document a greater level of conservatism in UK companies compared to French companies, which confirms the findings of several previous studies concluding that companies in common law countries are more conservative than those from code law countries. The results of this study have many implications for different parties affecting the financial information environment, especially auditors who must continuously monitor conservatism practices in financial reports to maintain an adequate level.
Effect of reconditioning exercises program on hospital-acquired deconditioning in elderly hospitalized patients
Authors: Shinde Sandeep , Bhore Prachiti Rajan 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were as follows: 1. To determine the effect of reconditioning exercise program on hospital-acquired deconditioning in elderly hospitalized patients. 2. To compare the conventional therapy and reconditioning exercise program training on the hospital-acquired deconditioning in elderly hospitalized patients.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-two elderly hospitalized patients from the inpatient hospital setup were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received conventional therapy and Group B received reconditioning exercise program. Outcome assessment was done using the visual analog scale, manual muscle testing, spirometry, and range of motion. Later, both the protocols were implemented 5 times a week for a total period of 4 weeks, that is, a total of 20 sessions.

Results:
Statistically significance was found to be present in Group B in terms of pain (P < 0.0001), respiratory capacities (P = 0.033), muscle strength (P = 0.025), and joint range of motion (P = 0.027).

Conclusion:
Reconditioning program shows significant improvement and is also beneficial in the reduction of pain, improving muscle strength and range of motion, and also in increasing lung capacities in hospital-acquired deconditioning in hospitalized elderly patients.
Knowledge and practices toward prevention of COVID-19 among students of Baptist High School Lafia, Nigeria
Authors: Umar Sulaiman , Abdulkadir Ahmad Dahuwa , Devi Kanchan 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge regarding COVID-19 among Students of Baptist High School; to assess the practices towards prevention of COVID-19 among Students of Baptist High School; and to find out the statistical significance between their level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 with their selected socio-demographic variables.

Material and Methods:
The research design used for the study was descriptive survey design; convenient sampling technique was used to select 50 Students of Baptist High School Lafia, Nigeria. Data were collected using self-structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge and practices toward prevention of COVID-19 among Students of Baptist High School Lafia, Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of IBM SPSS Statistics for version 23.0.

Results:
The results showed that the age range of the majority of the respondents is between 12–14 years and 15– 17 years accounted for 18 (36%), out of 50 (100%) respondent majority 45 (90.0%) had adequate knowledge, 4 (8.0%) had moderate knowledge, but only 1 (2.0%) had inadequate knowledge, therefore, H1:1 Hypothesis was accepted while H0:1 Hypothesis was rejected; 23 (46.0%) of the respondent had high level of practices towards prevention of COVID-19, but majority 27 (54.0%) had low level of practices towards prevention of COVID-19. Hence, the H0:2 Hypothesis was accepted while H1:2 Hypothesis was rejected. There was statistically significant between their level of knowledge with their selected socio-demographic variables such as family history of COVID-19, yes (P = 0.089), no (0.000). Therefore, the H1:3 Hypothesis was accepted while H0:3 Hypothesis was rejected.

Conclusion:
Recommendation was given to conduct a similar study in different setting using large sample so that to generalize the findings.
Exhibition Activities of the Pavlovsk Palace and Park Ensemble in the 1950s
Authors: Vasinskaya Maria V. 
Published: May 2022

During the period of active post-war restoration of the palace and park ensembles of Leningrad, in the absence of permanent expositions, exhibitions were one of the few ways of museum communication. The article focuses on the exhibitions of the Pavlovsk Palace Museum and Park in the 1950s. As a research base, the author uses articles from the newspaper “Vperyod” issued in the city of Pushkin, and unpublished materials of the Central State Archive of Literature and Art of St. Petersburg: reports and plans of the directorate, programs of festive events, minutes of the scientific department employees’ meetings, financial reports of the 1950s, etc.On the example of Pavlovsk, the article reveals the essence of exhibitions as a typical phenomenon for a museum complex, as well as for a culture and recreation park, which allowed forming civic consciousness and implementing state cultural policy. The exhibitions helped to solve a set of political, educational, personality-developing, leisure, and cultural tasks of Soviet cultural institutions.The author conducts a comparative quantitative analysis of the total number of exhibitions by year. Based on the content of the exhibitions, there is provided a universal thematic classification. The article shows the connection of the disclosed topics and the number of exhibitions with the cultural and political situation in the country during that period. There is determined the organizational specifics of the process, within which the main sites, time and forms of exhibitions are identified.The article concludes that most of the exhibitions did not correspond to the museum’s essence, but those that related directly to the history of the museum and its collections were in tourist demand. Some of the exhibitions of the museum profile, over time, determined the content of the future permanent expositions of the State Museum-Reserve “Pavlovsk”. The emergence and growth of such exhibitions, covered in the media, contributed to the activation of visitor interest in Pavlovsk as a museum and the development of cultural tourism, primarily at the local and regional level.
The Saratov Scientific Archival Commission as a Creator of the City’s Images (Second Half of the 19th — Early 20th Century)
Authors: Ivinskaya Irina D. 
Published: May 2022

Russia of the second half of the 19th — early 20th century was characterized by a transformation of culture in general, as well as at the local level. There was an increase in urban territorial self-awareness, which determined the formation of urban communities that considered it their duty to show the significance of their city among others, to draw attention to it. In the post-reform period, Saratov became one of the few provincial cities in which an archival commission appeared, whose representatives were engaged in collecting and studying the past of the city.Based on the materials of regional sources (historical and local essays, guidebooks, and the works of the Saratov Scientific Archival Commission), the article for the first time examines the Commission’s activities in two ways: as a representation of already existing, established images of the city, and as a creator of new ones.This study strives to answer the question of what the local urban community of Saratov was in the period under review, and to analyze how its activities influenced the formation of the city’s images. The article finds that the texts created were aimed at dispelling the existing myths about the city as a “back country”, “village”. The analysis of the class affiliation and professional composition of the members of the Saratov Scientific Archival Commission testifies to the democratization of the process of forming the city’s images, which were created not only in the space of noble culture, but in the wide urban space. In the second half of the 19th — early 20th century, the social stratification of provincial society underwent changes, which led to the isolation of social groups with differences in class, education, profession, lifestyle, and value system.