bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Output of High‐speed Flowing Two‐phase IPN/Air in the Combustion Chamber
Authors: Wan Hangwei , Wen Yuquan , Zhang Qi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFuel‐air cloud explosions or detonations are often affected by initial ambient conditions. A two‐dimensional (2D) semi‐confined model was established to study the effects of the inflowing air temperature and initial temperature of the combustor on the explosion process of isopropyl nitrate (IPN)/air mixture. The results showed that at different initial temperatures (1000–3000 K), the first peak pressure (P1) and second peak pressure (P2) decreased with the increase in initial temperature; the maximum flame temperature (2338–3534 K) increased with the increasing initial temperature; the explosion pressure and temperature had the opposite trends with the initial temperature, indicating that the oxygen content in the combustor had a greater impact on the explosion pressure, while the initial temperature had a more significant effect on the flame temperature. Under different incoming air temperatures (1000–3000 K), the flame temperature (∼2700 K) of the two‐phase explosion had a small difference at the incoming temperature of≤2500 K, signifying that the airflow temperature (<3000 K) and the oxygen content in air jointly dominated the flame temperature; the flame temperature was 3100 K at the incoming temperature of 3000 K, which was about 300 K higher than other incoming flow temperatures, indicating that the flame temperature was more sensitive to the incoming air temperature (≥3000 K). At 600 m/s airflow, the explosion parameter curves at the inflow temperatures of 300 K and 600 K were compared, and the critical inflow temperature of the explosion process was also investigated.
Acute toxicity, biochemical and transcriptomic analysis of Procambarus clarkii exposed to avermectin
Authors: Zhu Hongyuan , Guan Xianjun , Pu Lei , Shen Liyang , Hua Hongxia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPesticides are extensively applied globally. Pesticide residues induce calamitous effects on the environment and untargeted organisms. Public concerns for the safety of freshwater organisms and the challenges posed by aquatic contaminants remain high. In the present study, the acute toxicity of avermectins (AVMs) to the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii was evaluated. We also evaluated the potential effects of AVM on the biochemical and transcriptomic status of the hepatopancreas and gastrointestinal tract in P. clarkii.RESULTSThe 24, 48, 72, 96 h median lethal concentrations (LC50) of AVM on crayfish were 2.626, 1.162, 0.723, 0.566 mg L−1, respectively. The crayfish were then exposed to 0.65 mg L−1 of AVM for 96 h. AVM significantly altered biochemical parameters including AChE and CAT activities in the hepatopancreas, and AChE, SOD and Na + ‐K + ‐ATPase activities in the gastrointestinal tract at several time points. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis identified 953 and 1851 differentially‐expressed genes (DEGs) in the hepatopancreas and gastrointestinal tract, respectively. KEGG enrichment showed that the gene expression profiles of the hepatopancreas and gastrointestinal tract were distinct from each other. The DEGs in the hepatopancreas were mostly enriched with stress‐response pathways, while the majority of the DEGs in the gastrointestinal tract belonged to metabolism‐related pathways.CONCLUSIONWe demonstrated that the AVM induced acute toxicity, oxidative stress, osmoregulation disturbance, neurotoxicity and transcriptome imbalance in crayfish. These findings unraveled the detrimental effects of AVMs exposure on crayfish. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Cross‐protection interactions in insect pests: Implications for pest management in a changing climate
Authors: Bueno Erika M. , McIlhenny Casey L. , Chen Yolanda H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAgricultural insect pests display an exceptional ability to adapt quickly to natural and anthropogenic stressors. Emerging evidence suggests that frequent and varied sources of stress play an important role in driving protective physiological responses; therefore, intensively managed agroecosystems combined with climatic shifts might be an ideal crucible for stress adaptation. Cross‐protection, where responses to one stressor offers protection against another type of stressor, has been well documented in many insect species, yet the molecular and epigenetic underpinnings that drive overlapping protective responses in insect pests remain unclear. In this perspective, we discuss cross‐protection mechanisms and provide an argument for its potential role in increasing tolerance to a wide range of natural and anthropogenic stressors in agricultural insect pests. By drawing from existing literature on single and multiple stressor studies, we outline the processes that facilitate cross‐protective interactions, including epigenetic modifications, which are understudied in insect stress responses. Finally, we discuss the implications of cross‐protection for insect pest management, focusing on the consequences of cross‐protection between insecticides and elevated temperatures associated with climate change. Given the multiple ways that insect pests are intensively managed in agroecosystems, we suggest that examining the role of multiple stressors can be important in understanding the wide adaptability of agricultural insect pests. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Combination effects of tebuconazole with Bacillus subtilis to control rice false smut and the related synergistic mechanism
Authors: Liu Lianmeng , Zhao Kehan , Cai Lubin , Zhang Yilin , Fu Qiang , Huang Shiwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundManagement of rice false smut is based mainly on chemical control, which poses many safety and environmental challenges. The other option, biological control with biofungicides, does not have such problems but is not as reliable because of low systemic ability, and lower and unstable efficacy. Therefore, it is necessary to combine application of chemical fungicides and biological control agents (BCAs) and elucidate their synergistic mechanism.ResultsA combination of tebuconazole and a proven BCA, Bacillus subtilis H158, was evaluated for control of rice false smut. Tebuconazole at low application rates stimulated growth of B. subtilis, prolonged the effective period of B. subtilis by enhancing its persistence on the surface of rice plants, accelerated biofilm formation of the BCA to facilitate colonization, promoted induced systemic resistance in rice by regulating defense‐related enzymes and genes, and reduced the natural resistance of the pathogen by suppressing the key gene for fungal resistance to tebuconazole. However, at high application rates, tebuconazole had adverse effects on these factors and showed antagonistic combination effects with B. subtilis. The combination of B. subtilis with tebuconazole at low application rates showed great synergistic effects, but at high application rates showed only antagonistic effects in field experiments over two consecutive years.ConclusionThe combination of B. subtilis with tebuconazole had significant synergistic effects at low application rates. The synergistic effects are the result of multiple mechanisms involved in BCA, rice and the fungal pathogen. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
CYTOCON: The manually curated database of human in vivo cell and molecule concentrations
Authors: Leonov Vladislav , Mogilevskaya Ekaterina , Gerasimuk Elita , Gizzatkulov Nail , Demin Oleg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCell and cYTOkine CONcentrations DataBase (CYTOCON DB) is a project undertaken by the InSysBio team and aimed at the development of a database that allows collecting, processing, and visualizing publicly available in vivo human data on baseline concentrations of cells, cytokines, chemokines, and other molecules. Besides manual curation, an important feature of CYTOCON is that most values found in papers are converted from a huge variety of original units (i.e., mg/ml and number of cells per mm2 of biopsy surface section) to unified units: “pM” for cytokine and “kcell/L” for cell concentration. These features of the database can help researchers facilitate the creation and calibration of quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) models. Possible applications can be: estimation of the average value or variability of the cell, cytokine or chemokine concentrations for patient groups with different characteristics, such as age, gender, disease severity, disease subtype, etc.; and analysis of correlations among the cell, cytokine, or chemokine concentrations in patients with different characteristics, such as severity of the disease.
Effect of relaxation time, recovery time and extension speed during characterization of LLDPE wrap film properties
Authors: Leguebe Elora , Huart Victor , Krajka Nicolas , Pellot Jérôme , le Baillif Marie , Erre Damien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNowadays, product protection during transportation has become essential as import–export is increasing drastically. As a result, wrapping is used to stabilize and protect the goods and must be performed properly. The most commonly used wrapping material is the linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), either manually or through a mechanical equipment. This study will focus on the adequation of stretch film standard to wrapping and transport applications. Both manual and mechanical films were analysed. The anisotropy of the materials was investigated. Characterization of the material was focused on tensile properties, elastic recovery, permanent deformation and stress retention in order to correspond to pallet wrapping applications. It was found that both materials showed anisotropic behaviours. Standard testing conditions were found to not be described properly transport wrapping applications. Relaxation time and extension speed were found to significantly affect hysteresis properties.
Automated wall‐climbing robot for concrete construction inspection
Authors: Yang Liang , Li Bing , Feng Jinglun , Yang Guoyong , Chang Yong , Jiang Biao , Xiao Jizhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHuman‐made concrete structures require cutting‐edge inspection tools to ensure the quality of the construction to meet the applicable building codes and to maintain the sustainability of the aging infrastructure. This paper introduces a wall‐climbing robot for metric concrete inspection that can reach difficult‐to‐access locations with a close‐up view for visual data collection and real‐time flaws detection and localization. The wall‐climbing robot is able to detect concrete surface flaws (i.e., cracks and spalls) and produce a defect‐highlighted 3D model with extracted location clues and metric measurements. The system encompasses four modules, including a data collection module to capture RGB‐D frames and inertial measurement unit data, a visual–inertial navigation system module to generate pose‐coupled keyframes, a deep neural network module (namely InspectionNet) to classify each pixel into three classes (background, crack, and spall), and a semantic reconstruction module to integrate per‐frame measurement into a global volumetric model with defects highlighted. We found that commercial RGB‐D camera output depth is noisy with holes, and a Gussian‐Bilateral filter for depth completion is introduced to inpaint the depth image. The method achieves the state‐of‐the‐art depth completion accuracy even with large holes. Based on the semantic mesh, we introduce a coherent defect metric evaluation approach to compute the metric measurement of crack and spall area (e.g., length, width, area, and depth). Field experiments on a concrete bridge demonstrate that our wall‐climbing robot is able to operate on a rough surface and can cross over shallow gaps. The robot is capable to detect and measure surface flaws under low illuminated environments and texture‐less environments. Besides the robot system, we create the first publicly accessible concrete structure spalls and cracks data set that includes 820 labeled images and over 10,000 field‐collected images and release it to the research community.
Gravitational memory effects and higher derivative actions
Authors: Godazgar Mahdi , Long George , Seraj Ali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We show that charges associated with the internal Lorentz symmetries of general relativity, with higher derivative boundary terms included in the action, capture observable gravitational wave effects. In particular, the Gauss-Bonnet charge measures the precession rate of a freely-falling gyroscope, while the Pontryagin charge encodes the relative radial acceleration of freely-falling test masses. This relation highlights the importance of the tetrad formalism and the physical significance of asymptotic internal Lorentz symmetries.
Target space entanglement in quantum mechanics of fermions at finite temperature
Authors: Hanyuda Temma , Mori Soichiro , Sugishita Sotaro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider the target space entanglement in quantum mechanics of non-interacting fermions at finite temperature. Unlike pure states investigated in [1], the (Rényi) entanglement entropy for thermal states does not follow a simple bound because all states in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space are involved. We investigate a general formula of the target space Rényi entropy for N fermions at finite temperature, and present numerical results of the entropy in a one-dimensional model. We also argue the large N behaviors with a comparison to the grand canonical ensemble.
Poincaré index formula and analogy with the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a non-rotated cold atom Bose-Einstein condensate
Authors: Garaud Julien , Niemi Antti J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A dilute gas of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms in a non-rotated and axially symmetric harmonic trap is modelled by the time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. When the angular momentum carried by the condensate does not vanish, the minimum energy state describes vortices (or antivortices) that propagate around the trap center. The number of (anti)vortices increases with the angular momentum, and they repel each other to form Abrikosov lattices. Besides vortices and antivortices there are also stagnation points where the superflow vanishes; to our knowledge the stagnation points have not been analyzed previously, in the context of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The Poincaré index formula states that the difference in the number of vortices and stagnation points can never change. When the number of stagnation points is small, they tend to aggregate into degenerate propagating structures. But when the number becomes sufficiently large, the stagnation points tend to pair up with the vortex cores, to propagate around the trap center in regular lattice arrangements. There is an analogy with the geometry of the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition, with the angular momentum of the condensate as the external control parameter instead of the temperature.
A scattering amplitude for massive particles in AdS
Authors: Gadde Abhijit , Sharma Trakshu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a conformally covariant momentum space representation of CFT correlation functions. We call it the AdS S-matrix. This representation has the property that it reduces to the S-matrix in the flat space limit. The flat space limit in question is taken by keeping all the particle masses fixed as the operator conformal dimensions go to infinity along with the AdS radius R. We give Feynman-like rules to compute the AdS S-matrix in 1/R perturbation theory. Moreover, we relate it to the Mellin space representation of the conformal correlators in 1/R perturbation theory.
Classical group matrix models and universal criticality
Authors: Kimura Taro , Purkayastha Souradeep 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study generalizations of the Gross-Witten-Wadia unitary matrix model for the special orthogonal and symplectic groups. We show using a standard Coulomb gas treatment — employing a path integral formalism for the ungapped phase and resolvent techniques for the gapped phase with one coupling constant — that in the largeNlimit, the free energy normalized modulo the square of the gauge group rank is twice the value for the unitary case. Using generalized Cauchy identities for character polynomials, we then demonstrate the universality of this phase transition for an arbitrary number of coupling constants by linking this model to the random partition based on the Schur measure.
Lepton flavor violation and scotogenic Majorana neutrino mass in a Stueckelberg U(1)X model
Authors: Chen Chuan-Hung , Chiang Cheng-Wei , Nomura Takaaki , Su Chun-Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We construct a scotogenic Majorana neutrino mass model in a gauged U(1)X extension of the standard model, where the mass of the gauge boson and the unbroken gauge symmetry, which leads to a stable dark matter (DM), can be achieved through the Stueckelberg mechanism. It is found that the simplest version of the extended model consists of the two inert-Higgs doublets and one vector-like singlet fermion. In addition to the Majorana neutrino mass, we study the lepton flavor violation (LFV) processes, such as ℓi → ℓjγ, ℓi → 3ℓj, μ − e conversion rate in nucleus, and muonium-antimuonium oscillation. We show that the sensitivities of μ → 3e and μ − e conversion rate designed in Mu3e and COMET/Mu2e experiments make both decays the most severe constraints on the μ → e LFV processes. It is found that τ → μγ and τ → 3μ can reach the designed significance level of Belle II. In addition to explaining the DM relic density, we also show that the DM-nucleon scattering cross section can satisfy the currently experimental limit of DM direct detection.
Prevalence, features, and explanations of missed and misinterpreted pancreatic cancer on imaging: a matched case–control study
Authors: Hoogenboom Sanne A. , Engels Megan M. L. , Chuprin Anthony V. , van Hooft Jeanin E. , LeGout Jordan D. , Wallace Michael B. , Bolan Candice W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To characterize the prevalence of missed pancreatic masses and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)-related findings on CT and MRI between pre-diagnostic patients and healthy individuals.

Materials and methods
Patients diagnosed with PDAC (2010–2016) were retrospectively reviewed for abdominal CT- or MRI-examinations 1 month—3 years prior to their diagnosis, and subsequently matched to controls in a 1:4 ratio. Two blinded radiologists scored each imaging exam on the presence of a pancreatic mass and secondary features of PDAC. Additionally, original radiology reports were graded based on the revised RADPEER criteria.

Results
The cohort of 595 PDAC patients contained 60 patients with a pre-diagnostic CT and 27 with an MRI. A pancreatic mass was suspected in hindsight on CT in 51.7% and 50% of cases and in 1.3% and 0.9% of controls by reviewer 1 (p < .001) and reviewer 2 (p < .001), respectively. On MRI, a mass was suspected in 70.4% and 55.6% of cases and 2.9% and 0% of the controls by reviewer 1 (p < .001) and reviewer 2 (p < .001), respectively. Pancreatic duct dilation, duct interruption, focal atrophy, and features of acute pancreatitis is strongly associated with PDAC (p < .001). In cases, a RADPEER-score of 2 or 3 was assigned to 56.3% of the CT-reports and 71.4% of MRI-reports.

Conclusion
Radiological features as pancreatic duct dilation and interruption, and focal atrophy are common first signs of PDAC and are often missed or unrecognized. Further investigation with dedicated pancreas imaging is warranted in patients with PDAC-related radiological findings.

Graphical abstract
Temporary or Permanent? A Clinical Challenge in the Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Unconsciousness and Normal Initial Head CT
Authors: Li Cheng‐Yu , Chuang Chi‐Cheng , Chen Ching‐Chang , Tu Po‐Hsun , Hsu Ting‐An , Kuo Yu‐Chi , Liao Chien‐Hung , Hsieh Chi‐Hsun , Fu Chih‐Yuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with unconsciousness and normal initial head computed tomography (CT) present a clinical dilemma for physicians and neurosurgeons in the emergency department (ED). We recorded how long it took for patients to regain consciousness and evaluated the patients’ characteristics.MethodsFrom 2018 to 2020, TBI patients with unconsciousness and normal initial head CT [Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score < 13, negative CT scan and normal laboratory test results] were evaluated. Patients who regained consciousness were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) analyses were used to evaluate independent factors for regaining consciousness.ResultsA total of 77 patients were included in this study. Fifty‐eight (75.3%) patients regained consciousness, most within one day (43.1%). Nineteen (24.7%) patients never regained consciousness. MLR analysis showed that initial GCS score (odds 1.85, p = 0.017), early airway protection in ED (odds 25.02, p = 0.018) and 72‐h GCS score improvement by two points (odds 0.02, p = 0.001) were independent factors for regaining consciousness. Overall, 94.1% of patients who received early airway protection and improved 2 points in 72‐h GCS score regained consciousness. The association between days to M5 status and days to M6 status (consciousness) was highly significant. Fewer days to M5 status were highly associated with needing fewer days to regain consciousness.ConclusionsFor TBI patients with unconsciousness and normal initial head CT, a higher probability of regaining consciousness was observed in those who underwent early airway protection and who improved 2 points in 72‐h GCS score. Regaining consciousness within a short period could be expected in patients with M5 status.
Principles and Applicability of Integrated Remediation Strategies for Heavy Metal Removal/Recovery from Contaminated Environments
Authors: Alsafran Mohammed , Saleem Muhammad Hamzah , Al Jabri Hareb , Rizwan Muhammad , Usman Kamal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContamination of agricultural soils with heavy metals present lethal consequences in terms of diverse ecological and environmental problems that entail entry of metal in food chain, soil deterioration, plant growth suppression, yield reduction and alteration in microbial community. Metal polluted soils have become a major concern for scientists around the globe. In more recent times, armed with new knowledge and understanding, removal of heavy metals using different applications has emerged as a solution for waste treatment and contaminant remediation in water and soil. However, the description of metal toxicity to the plants and its removal and degradation from the soil is limited. There are a number of reports in the literature where PGP bacterial inoculation and various chelating agents improves metal accumulation and it’s detoxification in different plant parts without influencing plant growth. Therefore, there is a need to select some useful chemicals which possess the potential to improve plant growth as well as expedite the phytoremediation of metals. In this review, we have discussed the mechanisms possessed by different chelating agents to promote plant growth and phytoremediation of metals. We anticipate that this analysis of interconnected systems will lead to the discovery of new research fields.