bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Self‐Powered and Efficient Triboelectric Dehydrator for Separating Water‐in‐Oil Emulsions with Ultrahigh Moisture Content
Authors: Li Fangming , Wan Xingfu , Hong Jiaju , Guo Xinyang , Sun Minzheng , Lv Haijia , Wang Hao , Mi Jianchun , Cheng Jia , Pan Xinxiang , Xu Minyi , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOil–water emulsions are a considerable hazard to the environment, ecology, and human health, if not appropriately treated. This study proposes a self‐powered and efficient triboelectric dehydrator (TED) based on a wind‐driven freestanding rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (FR‐TENG) to separate water‐in‐oil emulsions. This TED can form a high‐voltage electric field in the emulsion when the FR‐TENG is driven by mechanical energy. The dehydration performance of the TED is analyzed in detail through multiphysics‐coupled models and experiments. It is found that the TED can dehydrate water‐in‐oil emulsions with a wide range of initial moisture contents. In particular, even when the initial moisture content is 60%, which is near the phase inversion concentration of the emulsion, the dehydration rate of the TED can still reach 99.41%. In addition, the performance of TED is demonstrated in a simulated situation of wind, suggesting that the present TED has great potential application for separating oil–water emulsions by harvesting environmental energy.
n‐SnOx as a Transparent Electrode and Heterojunction for p‐InP Nanowire Light Emitting Diodes
Authors: Gagrani Nikita , Vora Kaushal , Adhikari Sonachand , Jiang Yuxin , Jagadish Chennupati , Tan Hark Hoe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransparent electronics are rapidly evolving with the development of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs). This work investigates both the electrical and optical properties of n‐type tin oxide (SnOx) film, deposited at various levels of oxygen concentration using magnetron sputtering. The band alignment at InP–SnOx interface is further studied and SnOx deposited at various conditions is used to demonstrate InP nanowire (NW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) to understand the trade‐off between absorption and resistance. It is found that the device with lower resistance but higher absorption outperforms in terms of output power. Emission from the devices consists of two peaks at room temperature due to conduction band‐to‐heavy hole band transition and conduction band‐to‐light hole band transition. Decreasing the operating temperature brings about quite a complex transition in all the devices, which consists of two additional peaks due to Zn acceptor level and zincblende/wurtzite (ZB/WZ) recombination at NW/substrate interface. At temperatures below 208 K, the emission peak from conduction band‐to‐light hole band transition quenches, however the emission peaks from Zn acceptor level and ZB/WZ recombination become prominent. This work lays the foundation for realizing a new generation of efficient transparent electrodes in conjunction with NWs, eliminating the complex epitaxial growth process optimization of NW shell growth, heterostructure and doping.
A Series of Ternary Metal Chloride Superionic Conductors for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Liang Jianwen , van der Maas Eveline , Luo Jing , Li Xiaona , Chen Ning , Adair Keegan R. , Li Weihan , Li Junjie , Hu Yongfeng , Liu Jue , Zhang Li , Zhao Shangqian , Lu Shigang , Wang Jiantao , Huang Huan , Zhao Wenxuan , Parnell Steven , Smith Ronald I. , Ganapathy Swapna , Wagemaker Marnix , Sun Xueliang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the relationship between structure, ionic conductivity, and synthesis is the key to the development of superionic conductors. Here, a series of Li3‐3xM1+xCl6 (−0.14 < x ≤ 0.5, M = Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Tm) solid electrolytes with orthorhombic and trigonal structures are reported. The orthorhombic phase of Li–M–Cl shows an approximately one order of magnitude increase in ionic conductivities when compared to their trigonal phase. Using the Li–Ho–Cl components as an example, their structures, phase transition, ionic conductivity, and electrochemical stability are studied. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the facile diffusion in the z‐direction in the orthorhombic structure, rationalizing the improved ionic conductivities. All‐solid‐state batteries of NMC811/Li2.73Ho1.09Cl6/In demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance at both 25 and −10 °C. As relevant to the vast number of isostructural halide electrolytes, the present structure control strategy guides the design of halide superionic conductors.
Copolymerization of Sulfur Chains with Vinyl Functionalized Metal−Organic Framework for Accelerating Redox Kinetics in Lithium−Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zeng Qinghan , Li Xin , Gong Wei , Guo Sijia , Ouyang Yuan , Li Dixiong , Xiao Yingbo , Tan Chao , Xie Lin , Lu Haibin , Zhang Qi , Huang Shaoming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLithium−sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for energy storage devices. However, the severe shuttling effect of soluble polysulfides (PSs) limits its further application. Metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as a new kind of sulfur host for their talents in confining and trapping PSs. However, the shuttle effect has not been fully stressed as a significant drawback for most MOFs that leads to sluggish redox kinetics, resulting in low specific capacity and short lifetime, especially at high sulfur loading. In this work, a MOF‐sulfur copolymer (CNT@UiO‐66‐V‐S) is elaborated by copolymerization of sulfur with vinyl functionalized MOFs. Systematic electrochemical experiments and in situ Raman spectroscopy analysis indicate that the cathode exhibits a radical reaction mechanism and can accelerates LiPSs conversion. The CNT@UiO‐66‐V‐S cathode delivers over 100% improved discharge capacity and lowers decay rate at both low and high (5.6 mg cm–2) sulfur loadings compared to the physically mixed MOF/S cathode. The strategy of MOF‐sulfur copolymerization provides a new solution for promoting reaction kinetics and tackling the shuttle effect, and is expected to inspire the design of advanced sulfur hosts applied for high‐performance LSBs.
Phenazine‐based supramolecular photosensitizing assemblies: A “smart” selectivity control on catalytic activity of Pd(II) nanoparticles
Authors: Singh Aditya , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPhotosensitizing supramolecular assemblies based on a phenazine derivative (PPA) have been developed, which show a strong affinity toward Pd2+ ions to generate supramolecular ensemble PPA@Pd nanoparticles (NPs). The PPA@Pd NPs catalyse the Suzuki cross‐coupled reaction under mild conditions (aerial conditions, mixed aqueous media, and visible light radiations). Although PPA@Pd NPs exhibit a strong affinity for arylboronic acid and could catalyse homocoupling of arylboronic acid, the preference of PPA assemblies for aryl halide directed the course of reactions toward the formation of cross‐coupled products. The electron‐rich PPA assemblies not only facilitate the oxidative addition step through photoinduced electron transfer to Pd2+ ions but also bring the reactants closer to the catalytic sites by selective interactions with aryl halides in the presence of arylboronic acid under visible light irradiation. The efficiency of PPA@Pd NPs to catalyse the Suzuki cross‐coupled reaction has been demonstrated for the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted terphenyl derivatives.
Integration of machine learning and first principles models
Authors: Rajulapati Lokesh , Chinta Sivadurgaprasad , Shyamala Bala , Rengaswamy Raghunathan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModel building and parameter estimation are traditional concepts widely used in chemical, biological, metallurgical, and manufacturing industries. Early modeling methodologies focused on mathematically capturing the process knowledge and domain expertise of the modeler. The models thus developed are termed first principles models (or white‐box models). Over time, computational power became cheaper, and massive amounts of data became available for modeling. This led to the development of cutting edge machine learning models (black‐box models) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Hybrid models (gray‐box models) are a combination of first principles and machine learning models. The development of hybrid models has captured the attention of researchers as this combines the best of both modeling paradigms. Recent attention to this field stems from the interest in explainable AI (XAI), a critical requirement as AI systems become more pervasive. This work aims at identifying and categorizing various hybrid models available in the literature that integrate machine‐learning models with different forms of domain knowledge. Benefits such as enhanced predictive power, extrapolation capabilities, and other advantages of combining the two approaches are summarized. The goal of this article is to consolidate the published corpus in the area of hybrid modeling and develop a comprehensive framework to understand the various techniques presented. This framework can further be used as the foundation to explore rational associations between several models.
Nutritional status, intestinal parasitic infections, and socio‐environmental conditions in Mbyá‐guaraní children: The current situation in communities incentral Misiones, Argentina
Authors: Zonta María Lorena , Servián Andrea , Panisse Guillermo , Oyhenart Evelia E. , Navone Graciela T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesOur previous research in Mbyá‐guaraní communities of central Misiones showed high levels of growth stunting and intestinal parasites in children, as well as associations between these variables and deficient sanitary conditions. New studies were necessary to update the present health status of the previously studied Mbyá populations after around two decades. Therefore, we evaluated the current nutritional status, intestinal parasites, and socio‐environmental conditions among Mbyá‐guaraní children from these communities.MethodsBody weight and height of 102 individuals (aged 2–14) were measured and nutritional status was estimated according to the World Health Organization criteria. Serial fecal samples and anal swabs were analyzed from 75 children (aged 1–14). Socio‐environmental data were obtained from questionnaires.ResultsThe prevalence of undernutrition was 31.4% and excess of weight was 10.8%. The prevalence of stunting and of overweight reached 30.4% and 8.8%, respectively. About 85% of the children were infected with at least one of the 14 species identified, and around 44% had multiple parasite infections. The most prevalent species wereEnterobius vermicularisand hookworms. Among undernourished children, 88.2% were parasitized by at least one of the potentially pathogenic species detected. Most of the families lived in overcrowded conditions in precarious houses, defecated in latrines, and consumed well water. A higher risk of parasitosis was associated with the source of drinking water.ConclusionsAlthough the prevalence of undernutrition and intestinal parasites decreased compared with our previous studies, we still observed the coexistence of stunting, excess weight, and parasitic infections, in a context of socio‐environmental vulnerability.
Novel truncating variants in FGD1 detected in two Danish families with Aarskog–Scott syndrome and myopathic features
Authors: Bayat Allan , Krett Bjørg , Dunø Morten , Torring Pernille Mathiesen , Vissing John 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAarskog–Scott syndrome (AAS) is a developmental disorder, caused by disease‐causing hemizygous variants in the FGD1 gene. AAS is characterized by dysmorphic features, genital malformation, skeletal anomalies, and in some cases, intellectual disability and behavioral difficulties. Myopathy has only been reported once in two affected siblings diagnosed with AAS. Only few adult cases have been reported. This article reports four adults with AAS (three male cases and one female carrier) from two unrelated Danish families, all males presented with variable features suggestive of myopathy. All four carried novel hemizygous pathogenic variants in the FGD1 gene; one family presented with the c.2266dup, p.Cys756Leufs*19 variant while the c.527dup; p.Leu177Thrfs*40 variant was detected in the second family. All males had some mild myopathic symptoms or histological abnormalities. Case 1 had the most severe myopathic phenotype with prominent proximal muscular fatigue and exercise intolerance. In addition, he had multiple deletions of mtDNA and low respiratory chain activity. His younger nephew, case 3, had difficulties doing sports in his youth and had a mildly abnormal muscle biopsy and relatively decreased mitochondrial enzyme activity. The singular case from family 2 (case 4), had a mildly myopathic muscle biopsy, but no overt myopathic symptoms. Our findings suggest that myopathic involvement should be considered in AAS.
Early dementia diagnosis, MCI‐to‐dementia risk prediction, and the role of machine learning methods for feature extraction from integrated biomarkers, in particular for EEG signal analysis
Authors: Rossini Paolo Maria , Miraglia Francesca , Vecchio Fabrizio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionDementia in its various forms represents one of the most frightening emergencies for the aging population. Cognitive decline—including Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia—does not develop in few days; disease mechanisms act progressively for several years before clinical evidence.MethodsA preclinical stage, characterized by measurable cognitive impairment, but not overt dementia, is represented by mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which progresses to—or, more accurately, is already in a prodromal form of—AD in about half cases; people with MCI are therefore considered the population at risk for AD deserving special attention for validating screening methods.ResultsGraph analysis tools, combined with machine learning methods, represent an interesting probe to identify the distinctive features of physiological/pathological brain aging focusing on functional connectivity networks evaluated on electroencephalographic data and neuropsychological/imaging/genetic/metabolic/cerebrospinal fluid/blood biomarkers.DiscussionOn clinical data, this innovative approach for early diagnosis might provide more insight into pathophysiological processes underlying degenerative changes, as well as toward a personalized risk evaluation for pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and rehabilitation treatments.
The ecology and physiology of fern gametophytes: A methodological synthesis
Authors: Krieg Christopher P. , Chambers Sally M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAll green plants alternate between the gametophyte and sporophyte life stages, but only seed‐free vascular plants (ferns and lycophytes) have independent, free‐living gametophytes. Fern and lycophyte gametophytes are significantly reduced in size and morphological complexity relative to their sporophytic counterparts and have often been overlooked in ecological and physiological studies. Understanding the ecological and physiological factors that directly impact this life stage is of critical importance because the ultimate existence of a sporophyte is dependent upon successful fertilization in the gametophyte generation. Furthermore, previous research has shown that the dual nature of the life cycle and the high dispersibility of spores can result in different geographic patterns between gametophytes and their respective sporophytes. This variation in distribution patterns likely exacerbates the separation of selective pressures acting on gametophyte and sporophyte generations, and can uniquely impact a species’ ecology and physiology. Here, we provide a review of historical and contemporary methodologies used to examine ecological and physiological aspects of fern gametophytes, as well as those that allow for comparisons between the two generations. We conclude by suggesting methodological approaches to answer currently outstanding questions. We hope that the information covered herein will serve as a guide to current researchers and stimulate future discoveries in fern gametophyte ecology and physiology.
Constructing the Single‐Phase Nanotubes with Uniform Dispersion of SiOx and Carbon as Stable Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Yuan , Ling Yang , Peng Yan , Guan Shiyou 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSiOx is an attractive anode material for lithium‐ion batteries due to its considerable capacity. However, its obvious volume expansion and low conductivity result in poor electrochemical performance. Herein, a novel single‐phase nanotube structure with uniform distribution of nanoscale SiOx units and amorphous carbon matrix was fabricated. The hollow nanotube and homogeneously distributed ultrafine SiOx units greatly alleviate volume changes. The amorphous carbon facilitates electron transport throughout the network and offers a buffer to further reduce the volume expansion of SiOx. Benefiting from this unique structure, as‐prepared single‐phase SiOx/C NTs demonstrate excellent durability and rate capability. Specifically, it delivers a high reversible specific capacity (713 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 200 cycles); negligible capacity decay is confirmed after 500 cycles at high density current (544 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 500 cycles).
A pH‐Based Single‐Sensor Array for Discriminating Metal Ions in Water
Authors: Bowyer Amy A. , Mai Anthony D. , Guo Haobo , New Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHuman activities, such as mining and manufacturing, expose society and the natural environment to harmful levels of metal ions. Recently, optical sensor arrays for metal ion detection have become popular owing to their favourable features, such as facile sample preparation and the requirement of less expensive instrumentation compared to traditional, spectrometry‐based analysis techniques. Sensor arrays usually consist of numerous optical probes that are used in combination to generate unique analyte responses. In contrast, here we present an array that comprises a single fluorescent sensor, Coum4‐DPA, that produces unique responses to metal ions in different pH environments. With this simple sensing platform, we were able to classify 10 metal ions in different water sources and quantify Pb2+ in tap water using just one fluorescent sensor, a few pH buffers and two sets of spectral data. This novel approach significantly decreases time and costs associated with probe synthesis and data collection, making it highly transferrable to real‐world metal sensing applications.
Using weighted communication scoring procedures in naturalistic play samples: Preliminary validation in preschool‐aged boys with autism or fragileXsyndrome
Authors: John Thurman Angela , Hoyos Alvarez Cesar , Nguyen Vivian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present study, we provide a preliminary evaluation of the validity and reliability of using weighting procedures to measure communication in play samples for preschool‐aged boys with autism or fragile X syndrome (FXS). Because weighting procedure communication scores (WPCSs) reflect growth in both communicative frequency and complexity, establishing the psychometrics of the component scores, in addition to the overall metric, affords investigators the opportunity to describe growth within and across skills. Results, for both groups, provide support regarding the psychometric appropriateness (i.e., convergent validity, divergent validity, and internal consistency) for all WPCSs. That said, a trend was observed for reliability scores to be slightly lower or more variable in boys with autism than in boys with FXS. Finally, although significant associations were observed in the associations between WPCSs across play contexts, contexts effects were observed for all three WPCSs. Together, results from this study provide promising preliminary data indicating the utility of using WPCSs in children with neurodevelopmental disabilities.Lay Summary: Language supports long‐term positive outcomes; it is important to identify accurate and flexible ways of measuring language in children over time. We considered the effectiveness of using a procedure that considers changes in the number of communication acts and the types of acts produced during a play session by preschool‐aged boys with autism or fragile X syndrome. These procedures were found to be valid and reliable.
Oxidative ligand cleavage in a copper(II) complex containing aniline moiety induced by copper(II) perchlorate in acetonitrile
Authors: Suktanarak Pattira , Leeladee Pannee , Tuntulani Thawatchai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSynthetic reaction of a Cu(II) complex containing aniline moiety (Cu(atpa)) (atpa = N‐(anthracen‐9‐ylmethyl)‐2‐((bis(pyridin‐2‐ylmethyl)amino) with an excess Cu(ClO4)2 in CH3CN produced an unusual species, which was not corresponding to the original ligand atpa, Cu(ClO4)2 nor [Cu(atpa)]2+. It was proposed that the new species was generated via electron transfer between aniline‐containing N‐based ligand and Cu(ClO4)2, resulting in oxidative ligand cleavage. Monitoring the reaction of Cu(atpa) with Cu(ClO4)2 for a period of time revealed a gradual decrease of an active species, concomitant with the growth of a variety of organic fractions including 9‐anthraldehyde and anthraquinone compounds. Cu(tpa) (Cu coordinated with tripodal amine ligand without anthracene analogue) was also detected from this reaction. This finding was indicative of an oxidative ligand cleavage via the N‐dealkylation pathway. In addition to oxidative ligand cleavage, the new species was competent to oxidize other substrates such as triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as well.
Entrepreneurial practices and the constitution of environmental value for sustainability
Authors: Gregori Patrick , Holzmann Patrick 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnvironmental value is a central concept in entrepreneurship research addressing issues of sustainability. However, current accounts often reduce environmental value to predefined categories that can be realized through individual business activities and thus underplay the relational and collective efforts for value to be constituted. We address this by blending theories of entrepreneurship as practices of social change with insights from valuation studies. We further invoke the relationality and materiality of practice perspectives and examine how value is constituted in entrepreneurial practices. Drawing on the analysis of visual and textual data, we develop a model of interlocked entrepreneurial practices composed of articulating matters of concern, performing value cuts, and including human actors. These practices give contours to an apparatus of valuation that establishes, enacts, and stabilizes environmental value. Our study contributes to and has implications for rethinking environmental value in entrepreneurship research. It further adds to the discussion of materiality and (non)human agency and value creation in entrepreneurship studies for environmental sustainability.