bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis on accuracy of rotor‐locked transient‐response‐based vibration model for switched reluctance machines
Authors: Li Bingchu , Dong Zikang , Huang Yixiang , Liu Chengliang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the accuracy of rotor‐locked transient‐response (RLTR)‐based vibration model for switched reluctance machines (SRM). RLTR is stator vibration stimulated by abrupt change of radial force when turning off one phase of SRM with rotor being locked, the total vibration of SRM can be modelled as linear superposition of RLTR series. An electromechanical model is built to clarify the generation of SRM vibration, it is revealed that some velocity‐depend terms in electromechanical model would be neglected when rotor is locked, it leads to inevitable difference of RLRT between rotor‐locked condition and rotational condition, the difference is illustrated through multi‐physics simulation. A harmonic radial force model is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of RLTR‐based vibration model, radial force spectrums with locked rotor and rotational rotor are compared to predict relative error between RLTR‐based vibration and actual vibration. The influence of turn‐off angle and velocity on accuracy of RLTR‐based vibration model is also analysed. The accuracy of RLTR‐based vibration model is evaluated through experiment on 3‐phase 12/8 SRM, the results showed that: (1) the accuracy of RLTR‐based vibration model is impacted by turn‐off angle and velocity; (2) relative error between RLTR‐based vibration and actual vibration can be predicted using harmonic radial force model. This paper illustrates the generation mechanism of modelling error for commonly used RLTR‐based vibration model of SRM, the proposed error prediction method could lead to improved accuracy on SRM vibration model through error compensation.
Metal enhanced fluorescence of different metallic nanoclusters deposited on silver dendritic nanostructures
Authors: Sabzalipoor Hamed , Karimi Elham , Nikkhah Maryam , Abbasian Sara , Moshaii Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlasmonic nanoclusters (NCs) have been introduced as new fluorescent materials that have low toxicity and do not undergo photo‐bleaching. Several factors including size and type of the NCs, surface chemistry and even solvent affect their luminescence. Despite extensive studies on tuning the fluorescence properties of NCs by manipulation of the above‐mentioned factors, very few researches have been focused on metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) of them. In this study, the fabrication of silver dendritic nanostructured surfaces (DNSs) with numerous hotspots and unique plasmonic properties were optimized and DNSs were used as the substrates for fluorescence enhancement of NCs. NCs made of gold, silver and copper were synthesized by different stabilizing agents and compared with each other in terms of their MEF characteristics. The results showed that the stabilizing agent, the synthesis method and type of NCs affected their fluorescence enhancement by the DNSs. Copper NCs stabilized by bovine serum albumin (BSA) had the highest rate of fluorescence enhancement, with enhancement factor of 4.8 ± 0.8. Gold NCs synthesized by glutathione (GSH) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) demonstrated 3.9 ± 0.6 and 3.1 ± 0.4 fold fluorescence enhancement, respectively. The possibility of fluorescence enhancement of NCs in the vicinity of plasmonic nano‐structures introduces attractive platforms for sensing purposes.
Water ortho-to-para ratio in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Authors: Cheng Y.-C. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Roos-Serote M. , Crovisier J. , Debout V. , Erard S. , Drossart P. , Leyrat C. , Capaccioni F. , Filacchione G. , Dubernet M.-L. , Encrenaz T. 
Published: March 2022

Context. Abundance ratios of the nuclear-spin isomers of H2O and NH3 have been measured in about two dozen comets, with a mean value corresponding to a nuclear-spin temperature of ~30 K. The real meaning of these unequilibrated nuclear-spin abundance ratios is still debated. However, an equilibrated water ortho-to-para ratio of 3 is also commonly observed.
Aims. The H channel of the Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS-H) on board Rosetta provided high-resolution 2.5–2.9 μm spectra of H2O vapour in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P), which are suitable for the determination of the ortho-to-para ratio (OPR) of water in this comet.
Methods. A large dataset of VIRTIS-H spectra obtained in limb-sounding viewing geometry was analysed, covering heliocentric distances from 1.24 to 2.73 au and altitudes from a few hundred metres to > 100 km. The OPR, together with the H2O rotational temperature and column density, were derived for each spectra using a database of fluorescence synthetic spectra that include both fundamental and hot vibrational water bands. The weak lines of the v1, v1 + v3 − v1 and v2 + v3 − v2 bands in the 2.774–2.910 μm range were used to calculate by how much the strong v3 band centred at 2.67 μm is attenuated due to optical depth effects, expressed by the attenuation factor fatten.
Results. Most ortho-to-para ratio determinations are strongly affected by opacity effects, as demonstrated by the observed anti-correlation between the OPR and the column density, and the correlation between the OPR and attenuation factor fatten. Based on both radiative transfer calculations and OPR values obtained in low-opacity conditions, we derive an OPR of 2.94 ± 0.06 for comet 67P. Measured water rotational temperatures show a decrease in gas kinetic temperature with increasing altitude caused by adiabatic cooling. Heliocentric variations are also observed, with warmer temperatures near perihelion.
Conclusions. The water ortho-to-para ratio measured in the coma of 67P is consistent with laboratory experiments showing that water vapour that has thermally desorbed from water ice has a statistical value of 3, regardless of the past formation process of water ice.
Cover crops, green manures and herbal leys.
Authors: Pinhey Sally , Tebbs Margaret 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This chapter discusses cover crops, green manures and herbal leys. Cover crops comprise a range of plant species, preferably a mix that includes legumes, brassicas and grasses. Green manures have an emphasis on adding organic matter and nitrogen to the soil, especially where there are no animals to add manure. Herbal leys comprise a seed mixture of fast-growing grasses, legumes and other herbaceous plants, which can aid livestock health, provide grazing and improve soil fertility. The plant species used in cover crops, green manures and herbal leys are also presented in this chapter.
Phytoremediators.
Authors: Pinhey Sally , Tebbs Margaret 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This chapter discusses phytoremediators. These species have evolved mechanisms to tolerate various metals and to accumulate them in their tissues. A selection of plants commonly used for phytoremediation such as aspen (Populus spp.), berseem or Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), Brassica juncea, Brassica carinata, common reed (Phragmites australis), moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens), reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and willow (Salix spp.) are discussed in detail in this chapter.
Weeds and invasive plants.
Authors: Pinhey Sally , Tebbs Margaret 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This chapter describes some of the more common weeds and invasive plants and methods to control them. Species mentioned include Alopecurus myosuroides, Pteridium aquilinum, Elymus repens, Cirsium arvense, Rumex obtusifolius, R. crispus, R × pratensis, Equisetum arvense, Ulex europaeus, U. gallii, U. minor, Reynoutria japonica, Senecio jacobaea, Juncus conglomeratus, J. effusus, and J. inflexus.
Study on characterization of bio-oil derived from sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum barberi) for application as biofuel
Authors: Kabir Ahmad Syahirah Faraheen , Md Ali Umi Fazara , Md Isa Khairuddin , Gopinath Subash C B 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass especially, sugarcane bagasse Saccharum barberi sp., appears to be a more suitable material for partial substitution of transport fuel (diesel) than Saccharum officinarum sp., due to its structural similarity to transport fuel (diesel). Besides that, less research has been implemented on this type of species. Bio-oil can be implemented as biodiesel by processing it further using chemical reactions such as hydrodeoxygenation and cracking with zeolite catalyst. Hence, the purpose of this study is to determine the compatibility of pyrolytic bio-oil produced from Saccharum barberi sp. in comparison with S. officinarum sp. for use as transport fuel (diesel) in automotive applications. This purpose can be accomplished by comparing the oil’s bio-physiochemical properties for both species. The experiment is conducted on a bench-scale on which bio-oil of Saccharum barberi sp. is secured from the catalytic pyrolysis process at a temperature of 500°C and heating rate of 50°C/min with the addition of ZSM-Zeolite catalyst. Thermogravimetric analysis of Saccharum barberi sp. reveals that cellulose is more reactive than lignin, evidenced by the high percentage of weight loss at temperatures ranging from 251°C to 390°C. The high contents of carbon (40.7%) and hydrogen (6.50%), as well as slight traces of sulphur (0.08%) and nitrogen (0.85%), in bio-oil (Saccharum barberi sp.) indicate that it is conceivable to be partially used for replacement in biofuel production. Overall physiochemical properties reveal that Saccharum barberi sp. shows more potential than S. officinarum sp. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis reveals that bio-oil consists of high amounts of aromatic hydrocarbon (26.2%), phenol (14.8%) and furfural (13.0%) in comparison to S. officinarum sp.
Biofuel was produced from sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum barberi sp.) in a bench-scale pyrolysis reactor at 500°C using a zeolite catalyst. Measured properties of the biofuel make it suitable for partial substitution of diesel in transport fuel.
The prognostic impact of the ground-glass opacity component in nearly pure-solid stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Kamigaichi Atsushi , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Mimae Takahiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Shimada Yoshihisa , Ito Hiroyuki , Nakayama Haruhiko , Ikeda Norihiko , Okada Morihito 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to assess the clinical effects of a small ground-glass opacity (GGO) component of a radiologically nearly pure-solid tumour on tumour aggressiveness in patients with clinical stage IA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODS
Data of 988 patients with clinical stage IA NSCLC who had a consolidation-to-tumour ratio of ≥0.75 on high-resolution computed tomography were retrospectively analysed. The cumulative incidence of recurrence (CIR) was compared between patients with GGO (nearly pure-solid, n = 297) and those without GGO (pure-solid, n = 691).

RESULTS
In patients with clinical T1mi + T1a and T1b, the CIR was significantly higher in the pure-solid group than in the nearly pure-solid group (5-year CIR, 15.2% and 19.3% vs 0% and 6.4%; P &lt; 0.001); however, this was not the case for patients with clinical T1c (5-year CIR, 23.1% vs 26.5%; P = 0.580). In the multivariable analysis, pure-solid tumours were independently associated with a higher CIR than nearly pure-solid tumours in patients with clinical T1mi + T1a + T1b (solid tumour size ≤2 cm; subdistribution hazard ratio, 3.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.59–6.63; P = 0.001) but not in those with clinical T1c tumours (2–3 cm; subdistribution hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.39–1.13; P = 0.130).

CONCLUSIONS
Nearly pure-solid tumours with a small GGO component influence tumour aggressiveness based on solid tumour size, with a threshold of 2 cm in patients with clinical stage IA NSCLC. For tumours sized 2–3 cm, nearly pure-solid tumours had a similar tumour aggressiveness as pure-solid tumours.
Secondary Indicators for an Evaluation and Guidance System for Quality of Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centers: A Critical Review of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality of Care Center
Authors: Jun Shen , Jie Liang , Ren Mao , Zhihua Ran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The number of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased remarkably in recent years. However, the level of health care for IBD patients varies greatly among regions of China. Standardization of health care for IBD patients is essential to improve quality of care (QoC). The mission of the IBD Quality Care Evaluation Center (IBDQCC) is to establish indicators for QoC. Since 2017, the IBDQCC has developed structure, process, and outcome indicators with the steering committee of IBD specialists and methodologists; 28 core and 13 secondary IBD QoC indicators were selected using a Delphi method. Applications for certification of IBD quality care units were made voluntarily and preliminarily screened through the IBDQCC committee. Regional units had to meet all core indicators, and units of excellence were required to meet all core indicators together with an additional 50% of secondary indicators. As of 2019 and 2020, 69 IBD units (all from tertiary referral hospitals) have been certified as regional IBD units in China. The certification of excellence of the IBD units is currently undergoing auditing. The awareness of and appreciation for QoC in IBD is increasing in China, especially through the quality control evaluation program initiated by the IBDQCC, with a higher number of IBD units applying for the next round of certification. Although secondary indicators seem to play relatively minor roles in QoC, they suggest additional requirements for high-level centers.
Role of Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Özsoy Mihriban , Stummer, Nathalie , Zimmermann Franz A , Feichtinger René G , Sperl Wolfgang , Weghuber Daniel , Schneider Anna M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic recurring inflammation of the intestine which can be debilitating for those with intractable disease. However, the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disorders remains to be solved. The hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction is a crucial factor in the disease process is being validated by an increasing number of recent studies. Thus mitochondrial alteration in conjunction with previously identified genetic predisposition, changes in the immune response, altered gut microbiota, and environmental factors (eg, diet, smoking, and lifestyle) are all posited to contribute to IBD. The implicated factors seem to affect mitochondrial function or are influenced by mitochondrial dysfunction, which explains many of the hallmarks of the disease. This review summarizes the results of studies reporting links between mitochondria and IBD that were available on PubMed through March 2021. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the current understanding of the role of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of IBD.
Pretrial risk assessment instruments in the US criminal justice system—what lessons can be learned for the European Union
Authors: Novokmet Ante , Tomičić Zvonimir , Vinković Zoran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article explores the possibilities of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the European judicial area with a special emphasis on risk assessment instruments and the justification of their use in determining the likelihood that a defendant at large will seek to thwart the goal of criminal proceedings. In this regard, experiences in the application of various risk assessment instruments in US judicial practice are first analysed. Then the European normative framework established at the level of the Council of Europe and European Union (EU) law is considered with special emphasis on the ‘Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonized rules on artificial intelligence’ as a key normative act that will determine the long-term preconditions for the application of the risk assessment instruments in the criminal proceedings of EU Member States. Finally, an attempt is made to give answers to some specific questions that arose from the implementation of AI in EU criminal justice systems taking into account the presumption of innocence, the right to an objective and impartial judge and the principle of proportionality.
Human Right Concerns in Vietnam’s Cybersecurity Law: From International Discourse to a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Nguyen Quoc-Tan-Trung , Bui Thi-Hong-Ninh , Phung Hong-Thanh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVietnam's Cyber Security Law, which officially came into effect on the first day of 2019, is considered by the Vietnamese authorities to be an important advance of the Vietnamese legal system in catching up with new information technology issues and addressing the challenges of the Revolution 4.0. The legislation, however, did not come without opposition. Specifically, international dissatisfaction with the law was clearly articulated in January 2019 in the Universal Periodic Review—a major human rights protection mechanism under the management of the UN Human Rights Council; and also, in the Human Rights Committee hearing on Vietnam's implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in March of that year.Within its limited resources, this article first tries to identify and evaluate recommendations and comments during the two events in relation to the Cyber Security Law, made by international actors including states, non-governmental organizations, and authoritative United Nations institutions. With the data, the article can then categorize three vital human rights concerns regarding the law, according to international perception. They comprise (1) the legal philosophy of ‘national security’; (2) obligations imposed on internet businesses; and (3) judicial review/remedy. Finally, the research engages in an extensive comparative analysis between these concerns and international practices to reach different conclusions on their compatibility and possible solutions.The authors believe that constructive criticisms from the international community can be carefully garnered in order to contribute to the refinement of Vietnam’s cyber-security laws in the future.
Tophaceous pseudogout of the temporomandibular joint extending into the cranium: a case report with literature review
Authors: Takeda Kei , Miyamoto Ikuya , Abe Ryosuke , Kawai Tadashi , Ohashi Yu , Yamada Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPseudogout is a disease characterized by calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition. Involvement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. We herein report a case of tophaceous pseudogout of the TMJ with cranial extension. An 83-year-old woman was referred to our institution for treatment of right TMJ pain. The patient’s medical and family histories were unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a mass of about 35 mm in diameter compressing the bottom of the right temporal lobe of the brain. Based on a clinical diagnosis of a right TMJ tumour, biopsy was performed under general anaesthesia. The histopathological diagnosis was pseudogout. Considering the risk of surgically induced brain damage, the patient’s advanced age and her relatively good quality of life, the treatment plan simply involved the observation of the lesion. Fourteen months after biopsy, the patient’s activities of daily living remained unchanged and she had no TMJ pain.
Promoting Psychological Safety in Healthcare Organizations
Authors: Murray John S , Kelly Sarah , Hanover Christine 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Healthcare organizations across the United States have begun the journey to high reliability as one method for improving patient safety. Being a High Reliability Organization (HRO) requires constant vigilance for ensuring the delivery of system-wide excellence in patient quality and safety. Establishing a foundation for high reliability requires the engagement of personnel across the organization from frontline staff to executive leadership. Staff must feel comfortable voicing concerns in order to be fully engaged. However, we believe this is easier said than done. The purpose of this article is to describe the importance of psychological safety along the journey to becoming an HRO. Additionally, strategies for promoting a psychologically safe work environment are provided.
A Novel Technique Using Ultrasonic Shears Versus Traditional Methods of Reduction of Bilateral Labia Minora Hypertrophy: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Le Thuan H , Lockrow Ernest G , Endicott Scott P 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
To compare the clinical outcomes of bilateral labia minora hypertrophy reduction using ultrasonic shears versus traditional methods.

Materials and Methods
In this retrospective study, we evaluate the surgical outcomes of 11 women who underwent bilateral labia minora hypertrophy reduction using ultrasonic shears to 14 women who underwent the same procedure using various traditional methods between January 1, 2015 and February 29, 2020 in a single center. The primary outcomes evaluated are total operative time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative pain. Secondary outcomes include postoperative complications and total admission time. The statistical analyses used were exact Wilconxon Rank and Fisher’s exact test.

Results
25 total bilateral labiaplasty procedures were included in the analysis. 11 procedures were performed using ultrasonic shears and 14 were performed using traditional methods. The mean reduction operative time for the ultrasonic shears technique when compared with traditional methods was 43.25 minutes (22.82 minutes versus 66.07 minutes, P = .0002). A statistically significant but non-clinically significant difference in estimated blood loss was noted. No statistically significant differences existed with postoperative pain score, total admission time, or postoperative complications.

Conclusions
Ultrasonic shears significantly reduce the time needed for the reduction of bilateral labia minora hypertrophy and therefore should be considered by surgeons as a useful tool in increasing the efficiency of this procedure.