bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circ_0017274 acts on miR‐637/CDX2 axis to facilitate cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Bing , Guo Jinjuan , Chen Mei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrently, a substantial amount of circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with cancer development and the occurrence of drug resistance, however, circ_0017274 in cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in gastric cancer (GC) has not been addressed. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blot were utilized for circ_0017274, microRNA‐637 (miR‐637) and caudal‐related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) contents analysis. Analysis of IC50, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion of GC cells using Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8), 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry or transwell assays. Interaction between miR‐637 and circ_0017274 or CDX2 was validated under the application of luciferase reporter system, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis, and pull‐down assay. The effect of circ_0017274 on CDDP sensitivity in vivo was tapped by xenograft models. Circ_0017274 and CDX2 had higher content in CDDP‐resistant GC tissues and cells, while miR‐637 had lower content. CDDP resistance and development of GC cells were arrested when circ_0017274 level was reduced in vitro. MiR‐637 acted as a target of circ_0017274, and miR‐637 downregulation abated the phenomenon of elevated sensitivity of sh‐circ_0017274 to CDDP. MiR‐637 was also demonstrated to interact with CDX2 and to co‐regulate CDDP sensitivity in GC cells. The xenograft models also established that circ_0017274 downregulation strengthened CDDP sensitivity and thus curtailed tumour growth in vivo. Circ_0017274 downregulation boosted CDDP sensitivity by acting on miR‐637/CDX2 in CDDP‐resistant GC cells.
What Can We Learn from Droppers and Non‐adopters About the Role of Advice in Agricultural Innovation?
Authors: Sutherland Lee‐Ann , Madureira Lívia , Elzen Boelie , Noble Christina , Bechtet Noemie , Townsend Leanne , Zarokosta Eleni , Triboulet Pierre 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIn this article we assess the diversity of sources of advice identified by 678 adopters, 295 non‐adopters and 107 droppers (or dis‐adopters, who have ceased or reduced the use) of agricultural innovations across 13 European countries. For most innovations, the volume and composition of advisory supports (e.g. public advisory services, farm business organisations, NGOs, research and development sector, other farmers), at the whole farm level were similar between adopters, non‐adopters and droppers. However, there were significant differences in relation to specific innovations. Farmers adopting digital technologies, soil‐improving cropping systems, and common management of natural resources identified more diverse sources when assessing innovations, suggesting that more diverse advisory support supported successful implementation. For new on‐farm activities, non‐adopters had more varied sources of advice than adopters. This demonstrates that non‐adoption can be a well‐informed decision. Droppers typically identified fewer sources of advice on an innovation than adopters, particularly in the later stages of the innovation process, suggesting that lack of advice impeded successful implementation. The findings suggest that public funding for advisory services could usefully target emergent gaps: to support the provision of up‐to‐date advice on topics to farmers who have difficulty accessing advice, and to prevent unnecessary dropping by supporting the implementation of innovations.
United Kingdom: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: MIDDLETON ALIA 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCovid‐19 still dominated politics in the UK in 2021, with another national lockdown announced in England just days into the year. Schools and non‐essential shops closed for several months, and restrictions were not finally lifted until July after the roll‐out of the vaccine programme. The final few weeks of 2021 were populated with multiple reports of Covid restrictions being broken at Downing Street during the earlier lockdowns. This, along with the government seeking to protect an MP accused of breaking lobbying rules, saw a substantial decrease in the Prime Minister's popularity over the year. In October, Sir David Amess was murdered during a constituency surgery – the first such death since 2016.
Long‐term effects of lower versus higher oxygenation levels in adult ICU patients—A systematic review
Authors: Crescioli Elena , Krejberg Kirsten Uldal , Klitgaard Thomas Lass , Nielsen Frederik Mølgaard , Barbateskovic Marija , Skrubbeltrang Conni , Møller Morten Hylander , Schjørring Olav Lilleholt , Rasmussen Bodil Steen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOxygen therapy is a common treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) with both potentially desirable and undesirable long‐term effects. This systematic review aimed to assess the long‐term outcomes of lower versus higher oxygenation strategies in adult ICU survivors.MethodsWe included randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing lower versus higher oxygen supplementation or oxygenation strategies in adults admitted to the ICU. We searched major electronic databases and trial registers. We included all non‐mortality long‐term outcomes. Prespecified co‐primary outcomes were the long‐term cognitive function measures, the overall score of any valid health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) evaluation, standardised 6‐min walk test, and lung diffusion capacity. The protocol was published and prospectively registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021223630).ResultsThe review included 17 RCTs comprising 6592 patients, and six trials with 825 randomised patients reported one or more outcomes of interest. We observed no difference in cognitive evaluation via Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (one trial, 409 patients) (mean score: 30.6 ± 4.5 in the lower oxygenation group vs. 30.4 ± 4.3 in the higher oxygenation group). The trial was judged at overall high risk of bias and the certainty of evidence was very low. Any difference was neither observed in HRQoL measured via EuroQol 5 dimensions 5 level questionnaire and EQ Visual Analogue Score (one trial, 499 patients) (mean score: 70.1 ± 22 in the lower oxygenation group vs. 67.6 ± 22.4 in the higher oxygenation group). The trial was judged as having high risk of bias, the certainty of evidence was very low. No trial reported neither the standardised 6‐min walk test nor lung diffusion test.ConclusionThe evidence is very uncertain about the effect of a lower versus a higher oxygenation strategy on both the cognitive function and HRQoL. A lower versus a higher oxygenation strategy may have a little to no effect on both outcomes but the certainty of evidence is very low. No evidence was found for the effects on the standardised 6‐min walking test and diffusion capacity test.
Retrograde peri‐implantitis: incidence and possible co‐existing factors: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Solomonov Michael , Via Shlomo , Dinur Noam , Ben Itzhak Joe , Lev Ron , Averbuch Zehavi Elor , Arbel Yael , Lvovsky Alex , Azizi Hadas , Abadi Meital , Cohen Matityahu Neriya , Shemesh Avi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence of retrograde peri‐implantitis (RPI) generally and the incidence of RPI with an endodontic‐treated adjacent tooth and/or a periapical radiolucency.MethodThe retrospective case–control study included the follow‐up periapical images of single dental implants. Two calibrated graduate endodontic residents evaluated simultaneously the presence of RPI and the adjacent teeth status (a previous root canal treatment (RCT) and the periapical status).ResultsSix hundred and eleven dental implants were included in this study. Twenty‐three implants with RPI were detected (the incidence of RPI was 3.7%). Thirty‐one adjacent teeth to the implants with RPI were recognized. Out of them, seven teeth had a previous RCT and periapical radiolucency or no RCT and periapical radiolucency. The odds ratios for RPI in an implant with periapical radiolucency or with RCT at the adjacent tooth are 6.67 (95% CI 2.7–16.5), P < 0.05; and 0.11 (95% CI 0.007–1.9), P > 0.05 respectively.ConclusionsBased on periapical radiographs, the RPI incidence was 3.7% in the present study. The incidence of RPI increased in cases with adjacent teeth that had periapical radiolucency. Previous RCT in teeth adjacent to implants without apical radiolucency is not correlated with RPI.
The use of digital image correlation for measurement of strain fields in a novel wireless intraspinal microstimulation interface
Authors: Tawakol Omar , Mushahwar Vivian K. , Troyk Philip R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) has emerged as a promising neuromodulation technique for restoring standing and overground walking in individuals with spinal cord injury. Current and emerging ISMS implant designs connect the electrodes to the stimulator through lead wires that cross the dura mater. To reduce possible complications associated with transdural leads such as tethering and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, we aim to develop a wireless, fully intradural ISMS implant based on our prior work in the cortex with the Wireless Floating Microelectrode Array (WFMA). Although we have extensive data about WFMA cortical stability, its mechanical and electrical stability in the spinal cord remains unknown. One of the quantifiable metrics to assess long‐term implant stability is mechanical strain.ObjectiveThe aim of the current work is to develop a method to assess implant stability by measuring strain fields in a surrogate of the human spinal cord.MethodsA physical model of the spinal cord was studied using an electromechanical testing apparatus, simulating typical spinal cord motion. Strain fields were digitally analyzed using an optical method known as digital image correlation (DIC).ResultsDisplacement and strain were visualized using contour plots. The strain values in the vicinity of each WFMA device were significantly different from the strain values in the same locations in the control surrogate spinal cord.ConclusionThe results demonstrate that DIC can be used for in‐vitro screening of intraspinal implants. Accurate optical strain measurements will enable researchers to optimize implant design over a wide range of motion conditions.
Vulnerable workers in insecure jobs: A critical meta‐synthesis of qualitative findings
Authors: Bazzoli Andrea , Probst Tahira M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJob insecurity is a widespread workplace stressor that has been extensively investigated using quantitative approaches. With the use of a critical organisational psychology framework, we conducted a meta‐synthesis of 20 qualitative studies to investigate the experience of job insecurity among vulnerable employee groups (i.e., women and immigrants). The qualitative meta‐synthesis results suggest that there are meaningful differences. Specifically, whereas women were more concerned with and exposed to deteriorating working conditions, men experienced job insecurity as a threat to their identity. Among immigrants, the experience of job insecurity is viewed as largely intersecting with the legal system, impacting their ability to remain in their country and making them feel powerless. Thematic evidence also emerged regarding individual actions that participants use to attain security in contrast to corporate strategies that enhance job insecurity. We contribute to the critical organisational psychology literature by discussing how these results test common academic theories and neoliberal assumptions pervasive within the job insecurity literature: We highlight how organisations manufacture job insecurity, question the existence of harmonious social exchanges, discuss the use of job insecurity as a form of worker control, consider the role of the legal context in aiding worker exploitation and argue for an intersectional view of job insecurity.
Letter: association of circulating bile acid concentrations and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Sun Li‐Yang , Ye Gao‐Qi , Yang Shun‐Chao , Zhao Fei , Ma Sheng‐Zhe , Yang Tian 
Published: June 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Rivera–Andrade et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16948 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17059
Meta‐analysis: efficacy of exclusive enteral nutrition as induction therapy on disease activity index, inflammation and growth factors in paediatric Crohn’s disease
Authors: Sohouli Mohammad Hassan , Fatahi Somaye , Farahmand Fatemeh , Alimadadi Hosein , Seraj Shaikh Sanjid , Rohani Pejman 
Published: June 2022

SummaryBackgroundThere is evidence of inconsistency in sequelae of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) as induction therapy in paediatric patients with Crohn's disease (CD).AimTo investigate the potential effects of EEN on paediatric Crohn's disease activity index (PCDAI), inflammation and biochemical parameters in paediatric patients with CD.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Embase until 8 January 2022 regardless of the time of publication or language.Random‐effects model was applied to combine the datasets. The main outcomes were analysed through mean difference (MD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsForty six studies met eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. Pooled findings indicated that PCDAI score (MD of −27.24; 95% CI −31.84 to −22.64), calprotectin (MD of −842.83 mg/kg; CI −1018.24 to −667.42), CRP (pooled MD of −2.36 mg/dl; CI −2.68 to −2.03), and ESR (MD of −21.09 mm/h; CI −23.79 to −18.38), albumin (MD of 0.65 g/dl; CI 0.58 to 0.72), haemoglobin (MD of 1.12 g/dl; CI 0.87 to 1.37), weight (MD of 4.30 kg; CI 3.39 to 5.22), and height (MD of 0.98 cm; CI 0.35 to 1.62) improved significantly with EEN.ConclusionsAdherence to EEN can have significant, beneficial effects as induction therapy in paediatric patients with CD.
Patient and tumour characteristics of screening‐age adults diagnosed with screen‐detected versus symptomatic colon cancer
Authors: Sarma Elizabeth A. , Thompson Matthew J. , Bowles Erin J. A. , Burnett‐Hartman Andrea N. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Yu Onchee , Chubak Jessica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimInternational studies have shown that most colon cancers are diagnosed among people with symptoms, but research is limited in the United States. Here, we conducted a retrospective study of adults aged 50–85 years diagnosed with stage I–IIIA colon cancer between 1995 and 2014 in two US healthcare systems.MethodsMode of detection (screening or symptomatic) was ascertained from medical records. We estimated unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing detection mode by patient factors at diagnosis (year, age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass index [BMI], Charlson score), prediagnostic primary care utilization, and tumour characteristics (stage, location).ResultsOf 1,675 people with colon cancer, 38.4% were screen‐detected, while 61.6% were diagnosed following symptomatic presentation. Screen‐detected cancer was more common among those diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 versus 1995–1999 (OR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.19–2.28), and those with a BMI of 25–<30 kg/m2 (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.21–1.98) or ≥30 kg/m2 (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.18–1.96) versus <25 kg/m2. Screen‐detected cancer was less common among people aged 76–85 (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.39–0.65) versus 50–64, those with comorbidity scores >0 (OR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56–0.91 for score = 1, OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.26–0.45 for score = 2+), and those with 2+ prediagnostic primary care visits (OR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.37–0.76) versus 0 visits. The odds of screen detection were lower among patients diagnosed with stage IIA (OR 0.33, 95% CI = 0.27–0.41) or IIB (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.06–0.24) cancers versus stage I.ConclusionsMost colon cancers among screen‐eligible adults were diagnosed following symptomatic presentation. Even with increasing screening rates over time, research is needed to better understand why specific groups are more likely to be diagnosed when symptomatic and identify opportunities for interventions.
Identifying the primary site of malignancy in carcinomatous serous effusions using immunocytochemistry
Authors: Kundu Reetu , Parwaiz Amber , Gupta Parikshaa , Rohilla Manish , Gupta Nalini , Srinivasan Radhika , Dey Pranab 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionMalignant effusions are commonly encountered in day‐to‐day cytology practice. Determining the primary site of malignancy in carcinomatous effusions is a Herculean task. Cytology coupled with immunocytochemistry (ICC) is often found to be helpful in this context.Materials and methodsThis study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic utility of ICC on sections from cell blocks (CBs) in the detection of the primary site of origin in cases of metastatic carcinomatous effusions. To determine the origin of the primary tumour, TTF1 (lung), PAX‐8 (ovary), CDX2 (colorectal), GATA3 (breast), and CK19 (pancreaticobiliary) were employed, depending on the clinical and radiological findings, and serum tumour markers.ResultsA total of 13,459 serous effusion samples were received for cytological evaluation from January 2017 to December 2021, of which 2708 (20.1%) were carcinomatous effusions. Out of these, 1044 (38.5%), 1611 (59.5%), and 53 (2.0%) were from pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities, respectively. Of these, the majority were adenocarcinoma. ICC was performed in 309 (11.4%) cases. The ovary was the most common primary site in 179 cases (57.9%), followed by the lung (75, 24.3%), pancreaticobiliary system (12, 3.9%), colon/rectum (8, 2.6%), breast (6, 1.9%), prostate (2, 0.6%) and kidney (1, 0.3). The lung was the most common primary site in pleural (67/113, 59.3%) and pericardial (6/8, 75%) effusions. The ovary (168/188, 89.4%) was the most common primary site for carcinomatous effusions in the peritoneal cavity. However, in 17 (5.5%) cases, the exact primary site could not be established.ConclusionsJudicious and methodical use of ICC on CBs helps to identify the primary site of the tumour in most carcinomatous effusions. This is of immense help to the treating clinician in directing appropriate therapy.
Aortic valve calcification predicts poor outcomes after primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Dai Chunfeng , Liu Muyin , Zhou You , Lu Danbo , Chen Zhangwei , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAortic valve calcification (AVC) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in the general population. We sought to investigate whether AVC identified by transthoracic echocardiography could be a predictor of long‐term adverse events after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction.MethodsPatients undergoing primary PCI were consecutively enrolled in this cohort study between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 31 2018. The presence of AVC was identified by transthoracic echocardiography one to three days after PCI. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebral events (MACCE) during follow‐up. Propensity score matching was adopted to adjust for the baseline differences between groups.ResultsOf 2117 patients enrolled in the study, 566 (26.7%) were found to have AVC. Patients with AVC were older, more likely to be women, and disposed to have comorbidities and complex lesions. During a median follow‐up period of 6.1 years, 699 cases of MACCE occurred, including 243 (42.9%) cases in patients with AVC and 456 (29.4%) cases in patients without AVC. After 1:1 propensity score matching, the presence of AVC increased the risk of MACCE (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.442, 95% confidence interval: 1.186 to 1.754, p < 0.001). This difference persisted when sensitivity and subgroup analyses were made.ConclusionsAVC identified by transthoracic echocardiography independently increased the long‐term risk of MACCE after primary PCI in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This imaging feature will contribute to better risk stratification in this population.
The burden of illness of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria receiving C5 inhibitors in France, Germany and the United Kingdom: Patient‐reported insights on symptoms and quality of life
Authors: Panse Jens , Sicre de Fontbrune Flore , Burmester Pascale , Piggin Maria , Matos Joana E. , Costantino Halley , Wilson Koo , Hakimi Zalmai , Nazir Jameel , Desgraz Renaud , Fishman Jesse , Persson Emmelie , Kulasekararaj Austin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the clinical, humanistic and economic burden of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) among C5 inhibitor (C5i)‐treated patients with PNH.MethodsThis was a web‐based, cross‐sectional survey (01FEB2021‐31MAR2021) of adults with PNH treated with eculizumab (France, Germany, United Kingdom) or ravulizumab (Germany). Self‐reported outcomes included: patient characteristics; patient‐reported symptoms; and standardised patient‐reported outcomes (e.g. Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy [FACIT]‐Fatigue, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 [EORTC QLQ‐C30]).ResultsAmong 71 included patients, 98.6% were C5i‐treated for ≥3 months (88.7% ≥12 months); among those with self‐reported haemoglobin (Hb) levels (n = 63), most (85.7%) were anaemic (defined as ≤12.0 g/dL). Fatigue was the most common symptom at both diagnosis (73.2%) and survey time (63.4%); there were no statistically significant differences in symptom prevalence between treatment subgroups (eculizumab vs. ravulizumab). Total FACIT‐Fatigue and EORTC QLQ‐C30 scores were substantially lower than European general population references, but there were no statistically significant differences between treatment subgroups. Hb‐level subgroups (<10.5 g/dL vs. ≥10.5 d/dL) followed similar trends for all measures, with few significant subgroup differences.ConclusionsResults suggest that there remains a considerable burden and unmet need among C5i‐treated patients with PNH that requires improved therapies.
COQ2 and SNCA polymorphisms interact with environmental factors to modulate the risk of multiple system atrophy and subtype disposition
Authors: Kuo Ming‐Che , Lu Ying‐Che , Tai Chun‐Hwei , Soong Bing‐Wen , Hu Fu‐Chang , Chen Meng‐Ling , Lin Chin‐Hsien , Wu Ruey‐Meei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeMultiple system atrophy (MSA) has no definitive genetic or environmental (G‐E) risk factors, and the integrated effect of these factors on MSA etiology remains unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the integrated effect of G‐E factors associated with MSA and its subtypes, MSA‐P and MSA‐C.MethodsA consecutive case–control study was conducted at two medical centers, and the interactions between genotypes of five previously reported susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; SNCA_rs3857059, SNCA_rs11931074, COQ2_rs148156462, EDN1_rs16872704, MAPT_rs9303521) and graded exposure (never, ever, current) of four environmental factors (smoking, alcohol, drinking well water, pesticide exposure) were analyzed by a stepwise logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 207 MSA patients and 136 healthy controls were enrolled. In addition to SNP COQ2_rs148156462 (TT), MSA risk was correlated with G‐E interactions, including COQ2_rs148156462 (Tc) × pesticide nonexposure, COQ2_rs148156462 (TT) × current smokers, SNCA_rs11931074 (tt) × alcohol nonusers, and SNCA_rs11931074 (GG) × well water nondrinkers (all p < 0.01), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.804 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.671–0.847). Modulated risk of MSA‐C, with MSA‐P as a control, correlated with COQ2_rs148156462 (TT) × alcohol nondrinkers, SNCA_rs11931074 (GG) × well water ever drinkers, SNCA_rs11931074 (Gt) × well water never drinkers, and SNCA_rs3857059 (gg) × pesticide nonexposure (all p < 0.05), with an AUC of 0.749 (95% CI = 0.683–0.815).ConclusionsCertain COQ2 and SNCA SNPs interact with common environmental factors to modulate MSA etiology and subtype disposition. The mechanisms underlying the observed correlation between G‐E interactions and MSA etiopathogenesis warrant further investigation.