bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypocretin-1 measurements in cerebrospinal fluid using radioimmunoassay: within and between assay reliability and limit of quantification
Authors: van der Hoeven Adrienne Elisabeth , van Waaij Kevin , Bijlenga Denise , Roelandse Frederik Willem Cornelis , Overeem Sebastiaan , Bakker Jaap Adriaan , Fronczek Rolf , Lammers Gert Jan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
The most sensitive and specific investigative method for the diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is the determination of hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) deficiency (≤110 pg/mL) in cerebrospinal fluid using a radioimmunoassay (RIA). We aimed to assess the reliability of the Phoenix Pharmaceuticals hypocretin-1 RIA, by determining the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), the variability around the cutoff of 110 pg/mL, and the inter- and intra-assay variability.

Methods
Raw data of 80 consecutive hypocretin-1 RIAs were used to estimate the intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV). The LLOQ was established and defined as the lowest converted concentration with a CV &lt;25%; the conversion is performed using a harmonization sample which is internationally used to minimize variation between RIAs.

Results
The mean intra-assay CV was 4.7%, while the unconverted inter-assay CV was 28.3% (18.5% excluding 2 outliers) and 7.5% when converted to international values. The LLOQ was determined as 27.9 pg/mL. The intra-assay CV of RIAs with lower specific radioactive activity showed a median of 5.6% (n = 41, range 1.6%–17.0%), which was significantly higher than in RIAs with higher specific activity (n = 36; median 3.2%, range 0.4%–11.6%, p = .013). The CV around the 110 pg/mL cutoff was &lt;7%.

Conclusions
Hypocretin-1 RIAs should always be harmonized using standard reference material. The specific activity of an RIA has a significant impact on its reliability, because of the decay of 125I radioactivity. Values around the hypocretin-1 cut-off can reliably be measured. Hypocretin-1 concentrations below 28 pg/mL should be reported as “undetectable” when measured with the Phoenix Pharmaceuticals RIA.

Clinical Trial Information
This study is not registered in a clinical trial register, as it has a retrospective database design
Texas panhandle beef production tour, a high-impact compressed course in animal science
Authors: Bowhay Ciana M , Wickersham Tryon A , Richardson Ra’Sheedah , Dunlap Kathrin A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Many animal science students have little exposure to working livestock production systems prior to college. As such, they can lack insight into day-to-day challenges and rationale behind decision making in these systems, opening the door for the adoption of misconceptions frequently promoted in the popular press. In addition, students identify a lack of first-hand knowledge and experience in the industry as a challenge to their educational success. Field trips stimulate interest and motivation, provide context for learning, and influence long-term career goals, but are underutilized in higher education. The potential impact of such experiences prompted the creation of the Texas Panhandle Beef Production Tour, a 2-credit hour compressed course. Students on this tour visited beef production sites in the Texas Panhandle ranging from cow-calf operations, to feedlots and packing plants. To cement learning through reflection, students responded to a series of questions before, during, and after visiting these sites to probe preconceptions, observations, and outcomes of the experience. We performed a retroactive qualitative evaluation of these reflections (n = 22) to determine cogent themes. Emergent themes included surprise at the intensive systems of data collection and management and the level of technology used at each site. Cattle were calmer and more comfortable than expected at the feedlots and packing plants. Students expressed new appreciation and understanding of course material and a desire to share their insights with others after completing the tour. Finally, participants gained a broader view of industry opportunities and returned with renewed motivation to pursue additional hands-on opportunities. Participation in this course provided valuable insight into the livestock production industry and motivated students to explore new career options and address their own preconceptions of the industry through independent inquiry. The creation of similar courses may be useful to address misconceptions, create personal connections with course material, and broaden career interests in animal science students.
Induction of polyploid Malus prunifolia and analysis of its salt tolerance
Authors: Jin Yibo , Zhao Yongjuan , Ai Shukang , Chen Xiujiao , Liu Xiaomin , Wang Hongying , Han Yunqi , Ma Fengwang , Li Chao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The apple rootstock Malus prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh. is widely used for apple production. Because polyploid plants are often more tolerant to abiotic stress than diploids, we wondered whether polyploidy induction in M. prunifolia might improve its stress tolerance, particularly to high salinity. We used a combination of colchicine and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to induce chromosome doubling in M. prunifolia and identified the resulting polyploids by stomatal observations and flow cytometry. We found the best way to induce polyploidy in M. prunifolia was to use 2% DMSO and 0.05% colchicine for 2 days for leaves or 0.02% colchicine for stem segments. The results of hydroponic salt treatment showed that polyploid plants were more salt tolerant and had greater photosynthetic efficiency, thicker leaf epidermis and palisade tissues, and shorter but denser root systems than diploids. During salt stress, the polyploid leaves and roots accumulated less Na+, showed upregulated expression of three salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway genes, and produced fewer reactive oxygen species. The polyploid plants also had considerably higher ABA and jasmonic acid levels than diploid plants under salt stress. Under normal growth conditions, gibberellins (GAs) levels were much lower in polyploid leaves than in diploid leaves; however, after salt treatment, polyploid leaves showed upregulation of essential GAs synthesis genes. In summary, we developed a system for the induction of polyploidy in M. prunifolia and response to salt stress of the resulting polyploids, as reflected in leaf and root morphology, changes in Na+ accumulation, antioxidant capacity and plant hormone levels.
Expert Consensus Regarding Core Outcomes for Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Delivery Studies: A Delphi Study
Authors: Sultan Pervez , George Ron , Weiniger Carolyn F. , El-Boghdadly K. , Pandal Perman , Carvalho Brendan ,   CRADLE Study Investigators
Published: May 2022

Background
Heterogeneity among reported outcomes from enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery impact studies is high. This study aimed to develop a standardized enhanced recovery core outcome set for use in future enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery studies.

Methods
An international consensus study involving physicians, patients, and a director of midwifery and nursing services was conducted using a three-round modified Delphi approach (two rounds of electronic questionnaires and a third-round e-discussion) to produce the core outcome set. An initial list of outcomes was based on a previously published systematic review. Consensus was obtained for the final core outcome set, including definitions for key terms and preferred units of measurement. Strong consensus was defined as 70% or greater agreement and weak consensus as 50 to 69% agreement. Of the 64 stakeholders who were approached, 32 agreed to participate. All 32, 31, and 26 stakeholders completed Rounds 1, 2 and 3, respectively.

Results
The number of outcomes in the final core outcome set was reduced from 98 to 15. Strong consensus (70% or greater stakeholder agreement) was achieved for 15 outcomes. The core outcome set included length of hospital stay; compliance with enhanced recovery protocol; maternal morbidity (hospital re-admissions or unplanned consultations); provision of optimal analgesia (maternal satisfaction, compliance with analgesia, opioid consumption or requirement and incidence of nausea or vomiting); fasting times; breastfeeding success; and times to mobilization and urinary catheter removal. The Obstetric Quality of Recovery-10 item composite measure was also included in the final core outcome set. Areas identified as requiring further research included readiness for discharge and analysis of cost savings.

Conclusions
Results from an international consensus to develop a core outcome set for enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery are presented. These are outcomes that could be considered when designing future enhanced recovery studies.

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What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New
The Volume-Cost Relationship
Authors: Sarwahi Vishal , Tran Elaine , Vora Rushabh , Dowling Thomas J. , Galina Jesse , Fakhoury Jordan , Lo Yungtai , Amaral Terry , DiMauro Jon-Paul , Hasan Sayyida 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
Retrospective review.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare distribution of hospital and operating room charges and outcomes during posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients by high-volume (HV) and standard-volume (SV) surgeons at one institution and examine potential cost savings.

Summary of Background Data:
Increased surgical volume has been associated with improved perioperative outcomes after spinal deformity correction. However, there is a lack of information on how this may affect hospital costs.

Methods:
Retrospective study of AIS patients undergoing posterior spinal fusion between 2013 and 2019. Demographic, x-ray, chart review and hospital costs were collected and compared between HV surgeons (≥50 AIS cases/y) and SV surgeons (<50/y). Comparative analyses were computed using Wilcoxon rank-sum, Kruskal-Wallis, and the Fisher exact tests. Average values with corresponding minimum–maximum rages were reported.

Results:
A total of 407 patients (HV: 232, SV: 175) operated by 4 surgeons (1 HV, 3 SV). Radiographic parameters were similar between the groups. HV surgeons had significantly lower estimated blood loss (385.3 vs. 655.6 mL, P<0.001), fewer intraoperative transfusions (10.8% vs. 25.1%, P<0.001), shorter surgery time (221.6 vs. 324.9 min, P<0.001), and lower radiation from intraoperative fluoroscopy (4.4 vs. 6.4 mGy, P<0.001). HV patients had a significantly lower length of stay (4.3 vs. 5.3, P<0.001) and complication rate (0.4% vs. 4%, P=0.04).
HV surgeons had significantly lower total costs ($61,716.24 vs. $72,745.93, P<0.001). This included lower transfusion costs (P<0.001), operative time costs (P<0.001), screw costs (P<0.001), hospital stay costs (P<0.001), and costs associated with 30-day emergency department returns (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
HV surgeons had significantly lower operative times, lower estimated blood loss and transfusion rates and lower perioperative complications requiring readmission or return to emergency department resulting in lower health care costs.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Religious Sisters in Healthcare
Authors: Beach Patricia Ringos , White Beth E. Heinzeroth 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT:
To better understand the impact Roman Catholic religious sisters have had on healthcare in the United States, the authors initiated the Religious Sisters in Health Care: The Conspicuous Love of Jesus project, recording sisters' stories of service, obedience, and leadership that point to their foundational work of making the healing presence of Jesus central to Catholic healthcare identity. The sisters' counsel for nurses and all staff in Catholic healthcare was to focus on Jesus' love in all work and to keep each person's healing ministry alive through regular rejuvenating opportunities.
Evaluation of efficiency and safety of combined loratadine and budesonide in patients with anaphylactic rhinitis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Kan Dan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Among the most prevalent allergic conditions that affect children is anaphylactic rhinitis (AR). It is capable of leading to physical as well as mental health issues. Concomitant use of loratadine and budesonide may improve symptoms of AR more than treatment with either drug alone. To assess the efficacy and safety of combined loratadine and budesonide for patients experiencing AR is the aim of this study.

Methods:
We will apply 2 independent authors in six databases, including EMBASE, Pub Med, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database). Studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of combined loratadine and budesonide in patients with AR will include studies published between inception and Dec 2021. Accordingly, the data will have to be in English and Chinese. For the selection of data extraction, the studies and risk of bias assessment will be completed by 2 independent authors. Accordingly, data synthesis will be conducted through RevMan 5.3 software. The study will establish heterogeneity using the I
2 test. Without correct data or information, there is a need for Publication bias, which is assessed by performing the Begg and Egger test and generating a funnel plot.

Results:
The study provides a trustable clinical foundation for loratadine and budesonide for AR treatment.

OSF registration number: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/M2RFG

Ethics and dissemination: Because the present study is founded on existing studies, it does not require ethics approval.
Osteonectin/SPARC Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Tissue Microarray Study
Authors: Lewis James S. , Thorstad Wade L. , Hussaini Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Some studies have correlated secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) expression with more aggressive behavior in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We investigated the impact of SPARC expression on patient outcomes in a large cohort of SCCs.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with SCC were identified by searching institutional databases. A tissue microarray of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens was constructed, and SPARC immunohistochemistry was performed. Cellular and stromal SPARC expression were quantitated and correlated with clinicopathologic features.

Results:
Of 191 cases, 171 were adequate for SPARC evaluation. A total of 112 (65%) cases showed SPARC tumor cell staining, and 167 (98%) cases showed stromal staining. Increased SPARC stromal expression was correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) [mean (SD) survival, 64.3 (3.25) vs. 42.8 (3.25) mo; P=0.0015] and poorer disease-specific survival (DSS) [mean (SD) survival, 51.1 (1.58) vs. 38.3 (1.832) mo; P=0.0381]. Human papillomavirus–positive status correlated with both stromal and tumor SPARC expression (P=0.0047 and 0.0408, respectively). SPARC staining did not correlate with OS or DSS in multivariate analyses. Among nonchemotherapy patients, SPARC stromal expression was associated with poorer OS and DSS (P=0.0074 and 0.033, respectively). In multivariate analyses, increased stromal SPARC expression was associated with a longer disease-free interval [P=0.0170 (hazard ratio, 1.384)].

Conclusions:
SPARC expression is frequently present in tumoral stroma of head and neck SCCs. In contravention to prior studies, we found that SPARC expression did not correlate with survival overall. This suggests that previously reported associations may not, in fact, exist highlighting the need to meticulously adjust for confounding variables in novel biomarker studies. However, subgroup analysis showed that stromal SPARC expression is associated with better disease-free survival among patients who are not treated with chemotherapy.
THE ROLE OF KINESIOTHERAPY IN THE PREVENTION OF HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Vasileiadis George Ioannis , Balta Apostolia A. , Zerva Aikaterini , Kontogiannopoulos Vasileios , Varvarousis Dimitrios N , Dimakopoulos Georgios , Ploumis Avraam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
The role of kinesiotherapy in heterotopic ossification (HO) remains unclear. The goal of this study is to revisit the literature on the preventive role of kinesiotherapy against HO formation and maturation.

Design
A systematic review was performed in MEDLINE, OVID, SCOPUS and Cochrane databases.

Results
A high-quality clinical trial is missing from the literature. Out of 9617 studies primarily identified, 9 studies offered the proper data and were included. They infer that satisfactory results on neurogenic HO prevention were achieved with passive exercises, including continuous passive motion (CPM), that were initiated early and at a painless range of motion (ROM). On the contrary, for elbow post-traumatic HO and major joints burn-associated HO, active ROM is indicated as early as possible.

Conclusion
Due to the very low quality of the studies included in this review, firm conclusions cannot be drawn about the effectiveness of kinesiotherapy. Nevertheless, it is recommended that controlled passive ROM (PROM) exercises (especially CPM) be applied early and pain-free especially in the neurogenic HO patients while active ROM in painless limits is beneficial in the HO prevention of traumatic elbows or burn joints.
An Annotated Bibliography on Human Trafficking for the Mental Health Clinician
Authors: Robitz Rachel , Asera Alex , Nguyen Phuong , Gordon Mollie , Coverdale John , Stoklosa Hanni , Chisolm-Straker Makini 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
This annotated bibliography provides an overview of sentinel and influential literature about human trafficking for general mental health practitioners.

Methods:
A modified participatory ranking methodology was used to create the list of articles.

Results:
We identified 25 articles relevant to trafficking and mental health which covered the topics of epidemiology, treatment, identification, policy, and research methodology.

Conclusions:
The articles presented cover a broad range of trafficking types and topics. However, there is a dearth of literature about labor trafficking and the trafficking of men, boys, transgender, and nonbinary people.
Incidence and Predisposing Factors of Postoperative Infection after Rhinoplasty: A Single Surgeon’s 16-Year Experience with 2630 Cases in an East Asian Population
Authors: Tran Khanh Ngoc , Jang Yong Ju 
Published: May 2022

Background:
This study evaluated the incidence and clinical characteristics of postoperative infection following rhinoplasty.

Methods:
This article is a retrospective review of 2630 East Asian rhinoplasty cases performed by a single surgeon (Y.J.J.), from July of 2003 to June of 2018. There were 1595 male patients (69.9 percent) and 687 female patients (30.1 percent), and the median age was 31 years. The incidence of infection was compared between primary and revision cases and analyzed according to the materials used. The authors evaluated the organisms cultured and the timeframe of infection development and intervention.

Results:
There were 2134 primary and 496 revision cases. Materials included autologous costal cartilage (413 cases), conchal cartilage (572 cases), homologous fascia lata (829 cases), homologous costal cartilage (102 cases), Gore-Tex (373 cases), and silicone (32 cases). The authors identified 22 cases (0.84 percent) of postoperative infection, 18 of which were revision. Revision surgery had a 19-fold greater infection rate than primary surgery (3.63 percent versus 0.19 percent). Women were 3.6 times as likely to develop an infection (p = 0.002). The infection rate using autologous costal cartilage was 3.39 percent, and that for simultaneous correction of a septal perforation was 8.57 percent. In 11 cases (50 percent), infection developed within 1 month after surgery (12 ± 7 days). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in eight cases. Infection manifested at the nasal tip in 45 percent and the caudal septum/columella in 32 percent of cases. Twenty cases (90.9 percent) underwent surgical débridement.

Conclusion:
Revision rhinoplasty in women, requiring the use of costal cartilage or simultaneous correction of septal perforation, showed a higher risk of postrhinoplasty infection, which usually manifested at the nasal tip and caudal septum/columella and needed to be managed by surgical débridement.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Associative Prediction of Carotid Artery Plaques Based on Ultrasound Strain Imaging and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People Living With HIV and Age-Matched Control Subjects of the CHACS Cohort
Authors: Roy Cardinal Marie-Hélène , Durand Madeleine , Chartrand-Lefebvre Carl , Soulez Gilles , Tremblay Cécile , Cloutier Guy ,   for the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study
Published: May 2022

Background:
There is a need for a specific atherosclerotic risk assessment for people living with HIV (PLWH).

Setting:
A machine learning classification model was applied to PLWH and control subjects with low-to-intermediate cardiovascular risks to identify associative predictors of diagnosed carotid artery plaques. Associations with plaques were made using strain elastography in normal sections of the common carotid artery and traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods:
One hundred two PLWH and 84 control subjects were recruited from the prospective Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study (57 ± 8 years; 159 men). Plaque presence was based on clinical ultrasound scans of left and right common carotid arteries and internal carotid arteries. A classification task for identifying subjects with plaque was defined using random forest (RF) and logistic regression models. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC-ROCs) were applied to select 5 among 50 combinations of 4 or less features yielding the highest AUC-ROCs.

Results:
To retrospectively classify individuals with and without plaques, the 5 most discriminant combinations of features had AUC-ROCs between 0.76 and 0.79. AUC-ROCs from RF were statistically significantly higher than those obtained with logistic regressions (P = 0.0001). The most discriminant features of RF classifications in PLWH were age, smoking status, maximum axial strain and pulse pressure (equal weights), and sex and antiretroviral therapy exposure (equal weights). When considering the whole population, the HIV status was identified as a cofactor associated with carotid artery plaques.

Conclusions:
Strain elastography adds to traditional cardiovascular risk factors for identifying individuals with carotid artery plaques.