bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrauterine adhesion after hysteroscopic myomectomy of submucous myomas
Authors: Takasaki Kazuki , Henmi Hirofumi , Ikeda Utako , Endo Toshiaki , Azumaguchi Atsushi , Nagasaka Kazunori 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the frequency of intrauterine adhesion (IUA) after hysteroscopic myomectomy, and to analyze the association of IUA and the location of submucous myomas and the use of postoperative barrier (POB).MethodsHysteroscopic myomectomy was performed in 217 patients with submucous myomas. The retrospective investigation was performed, and the cases were divided into three groups: cases with solitary submucous myoma (SSM; group 1), cases with apposing submucous myomas (ASMs; group 2) and cases with submucous myomas that were far from each other or not in apposition to one another (not apposing submucous myomas: NASMs; group 3). As POB, intrauterine device with oxidized regenerated cellulose and silicon sheet was inserted immediately after surgery.ResultsIUA formation after hysteroscopic myomectomy was more frequent in group 2 than groups 1 and 3 (p = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively), despite the higher rates of POB use (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in IUA formation in cases with POB between each group (p = 0.06 and 0.21, respectively). But in cases without POB, group 2 showed higher rates of IUA formation than group 1 (p = 0.04) and group 3 (p = 0.03). Multivariable analysis for IUA formation demonstrated that ASMs were a risk factor of IUA (hazard ratio [HR] = 27.9, p < 0.01), and the use of POB was a prognostic factor for reduction of IUA formation (HR = 0.08, p < 0.01).ConclusionASMs appear to be a risk factor for IUA formation. The use of POB may be associated with preventing IUA formation after hysteroscopic myomectomy.
A Spatial Examination of COVID‐19 Policies among Missouri School Districts
Authors: Shacham Enbal , Scroggins Stephen , Little Germysha , Fredman Avery , Ritter Gary 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDAs the COVID‐19 pandemic spread, school district administrators in the United States were faced with difficult decisions regarding the implementation of virtual or in‐person learning to reduce risk of infection throughout student and staff populations. While a coordinated effort with surrounding districts would be most beneficial when encountering a highly infectious respiratory‐based infectious disease, the determinants of type of education delivery is unclear.METHODSData from the Missouri Department of Elementary and Secondary Education assessing education delivery method at each school district across the state of Missouri (n = 514) from August 2020 were used. This cross‐sectional study, using results from a school district‐level survey, local COVID‐19 rates, and community‐level sociodemographic characteristics, conducted a spatially adjusted analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine associations between education delivery type and geographic‐level sociogeographic characteristics.RESULTSAmong Missouri school districts, 172 (33.4%) reported starting the 2020‐2021 academic year with an in‐person policy, 52 (10.1%) with a distant/virtual policy, 242 (47.1%) in‐person with a distance option, and 48 (9.3%) with a blended policy. This study found districts with lower household income levels were less likely to offer students any virtual learning options. Additionally, community COVID‐19 infection rates were not associated with the selection of virtual or in‐person education delivery.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest the presence of a specific school policy was spatially random in regard to neighboring community policies, even when accounting for community characteristics. The efficacy of policy is likely to benefit upon application of a spatial framework when addressing a crisis fundamentally tied to location. Future planning that highlights and focuses on regional coordination for community resilience in the face of a pandemic should incorporate data sources that inform decisions made for families, students, and communities.
Comparison of percentile tables and algorithm‐based calculators for classification of blood pressures in children and adolescents with obesity: A secondary analysis of a clinical trial
Authors: Pitts William J , Cave Tami L , Cavadino Alana , Shypailo Roman J , Maessen Sarah E , Hofman Paul L , Wong William , Anderson Yvonne C 
Published: November 2022

AimObesity as a major risk factor for childhood hypertension necessitates careful blood pressure (BP) monitoring of those affected. This study aimed to compare BP classification in a cohort of children affected by obesity using tables versus digital calculations in two sets of guidelines.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of data collected from a randomised clinical trial of a multidisciplinary life‐style assessment and intervention program. Baseline data from 237 children with a body mass index >99th percentile or >91st percentile with weight‐related comorbidities and available BP measurements were analysed. We assessed agreement between tables and algorithms in classification of elevated BP/pre‐hypertension and hypertension based on the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) clinical practice guidelines (CPG) and the older Fourth Report using Cohen's weighted kappa. The prevalence of hypertensive diagnoses was also compared between the two guidelines.ResultsAgreement between BP tables and algorithmic calculation of percentiles was discordant, though improved in the AAP CPG compared to the Fourth Report (Cohen's kappa = 0.70 vs. 0.57, respectively). None (0%) were missed diagnoses, and 59 (24.9%) were false positives for the Fourth Report, and 0 (0%) were missed diagnoses, and 49 (20.9%) were false positives for the AAP CPG. Under the recent guidelines, there was an increase in prevalence of 6.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.5–9.4%; P = 0.0001) for BP ≥90th percentile, and of 3.0% (95% CI 0.4–5.6%; p = 0.016) for hypertension (BP ≥ 95th percentile) in the cohort (18.0% and 6.8%, respectively, increased from 12.0% and 3.8%).ConclusionsDigital calculators over tables in clinical practice are recommended where possible to improve the accuracy of paediatric BP classification. Substantial rates of elevated BP/Hypertension were found in this cohort of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.
Systemic postnatal corticosteroids and magnetic resonance imaging measurements of corpus callosum and cerebellum of extremely preterm infants
Authors: Han‐Menz Charmaine , Whiteley Gillian , Evans Rachel , Razak Abdul , Malhotra Atul 
Published: November 2022

AimTo compare the size of the corpus callosum (CC) and cerebellum on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans conducted at term equivalent age (TEA) in extremely preterm infants who received systemic postnatal corticosteroids (PCS) to extremely preterm infants who did not receive systemic PCS and determine the dose‐dependent effects on these outcomes.MethodsSingle‐centre retrospective cohort study including extremely preterm infants (born < 26 weeks' gestation) who had MRI brain scans at TEA. CC and cerebellar measurements were evaluated by two radiologists who were blinded to steroid use and their independent measurements were averaged. Comparative analyses were conducted between exposed (to systemic PCS) and non‐exposed groups.ResultsEighty‐three extremely preterm infants with mean (SD) 24.9 (0.91) weeks' gestational age, 721.8 (156) g birthweight were included; 38 with systemic PCS exposure and 45 without exposure. After adjustment for birthweight and other significant neonatal morbidities, there was no significant difference noted in corpus callosum length (CCL) between unexposed and exposed groups (adjusted mean (SE) 39.5 (0.57) mm vs. 38.5 (0.62) mm; P = 0.29). Similarly, the ratios of CCL/fronto‐occipital diameter (FOD) and CCL/biparietal diameter (BPD) were not significantly different between the groups (CCL/FOD (0.40 (0.01) vs. 0.41 (0.01); P = 0.70) and CCL/BPD (0.51 (0.01) vs. 0.52 (0.01); P = 0.62)). Finally, no significant differences in cerebellar measurements, such as vermian height (adjusted mean (SE) 24.0 (0.46) mm vs. 23.5 (0.51 mm); P = 0.47) and transcerebellar diameter (adjusted mean (SE) 49.3 (0.74) mm vs. 4.78 (0.82) mm; P = 0.22) were found. No dose‐dependent effects of systemic PCS on CC and cerebellar measurements were identified.ConclusionsSystemic PCS use in extremely preterm infants was not associated with a change in the CC and cerebellar measurements on MRI brain scan at TEA.
Daytime light exposure is a strong predictor of seasonal variation in sleep and circadian timing of university students
Authors: Dunster Gideon P. , Hua Isabelle , Grahe Alex , Fleischer Jason G. , Panda Satchidananda , Wright Kenneth P. , Vetter Céline , Doherty Jennifer H. , de la Iglesia Horacio O. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the absence of electric light, sleep for humans typically starts soon after dusk and at higher latitudes daily sleep timing changes seasonally as photoperiod changes. However, access to electric light shields humans from natural photoperiod changes, and whether seasonal changes in sleep occur despite this isolation from the natural light‐dark cycle remains a matter of controversy. We measured sleep timing in over 500 university students living in the city of Seattle, WA (47.6°N) throughout the four seasons; we show that even when students are following a school schedule, sleep timing is delayed during the fall and winter. For instance, during the winter school days, students fell asleep 35 min later and woke up 27 min later (under daylight‐savings time) than students during the summer school days, a change that is an hour larger relative to solar midnight. Furthermore, chronotype defined by mid‐sleep on free days corrected for oversleep (MSFc), an indirect estimate of circadian phase, was more than 30 min later in the winter compared with the summer. Analysis of the effect of light exposure showed that the number of hours of light exposure to at least 50 lux during the daytime was a stronger predictor of MSFc than the exposure time to this illuminance after dusk. Specifically, MSFc was advanced by 30 min for each additional hour of light exposure during daytime and delayed by only 15 min for each additional hour of postdusk exposure to light. Additionally, the time of the day of exposure to high light intensities was more predictive of MSFc when daytime exposure was considered than when exposure for the full 24‐h day was considered. Our results show that although sleep time is highly synchronized to social time, a delayed timing of sleep is evident during the winter months. They also suggest that daily exposure to daylight is key to prevent this delayed phase of the circadian clock and thus circadian disruption that is typically exacerbated in high‐latitude winters.
A systematic review of new empirical data on lucid dream induction techniques
Authors: Tan Shuyue , Fan Jialin 
Published: November 2022

SummaryLucid dreams are defined as dreams in which the dreamers are aware of the fact that they are dreaming as dreams continue. It has been ~12 years since the last review of the efficiency of lucid dream induction techniques was conducted. Hence, the present study aimed to review the lucid dream induction techniques published in the past decade. The second aim was to propose a modified classification for the existing lucid dream induction techniques, including cognitive techniques, external stimulation, substance intervention, and cortical stimulation. The third aim was to assess the methodological quality of the studies included in the review. It was hypothesised that, comparing with the studies included in the last review, the studies included in the present review had better overall methodological quality. A total of 19 peer‐reviewed studies were included and analysed in the present review, from which 14 lucid dream induction techniques were identified. The results indicated that the mnemonic induction of lucid dream technique was the most effective for inducing lucid dreams. Moreover, two new techniques, the senses‐initiated lucid dream technique and galantamine intervention, might also be competitive candidates for lucid dream induction but further replications are needed. As hypothesised, the overall methodological quality of the studies included in the present review was higher than that of the studies included the previous review. In all, 17 studies had moderate methodological quality, whereas only three studies had poor methodological quality.
A critical look at ideas, concerns and expectations in clinical communication
Authors: Murtagh Ged M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor medical students and doctors, capturing the patient's perspective is critical if the consultation is to be meaningful for both parties. Medical students are taught the import of this in their communication skills training aided by inquiring into the patient's ideas, concerns and expectations (ICE) during the consultation. Ensuring the effectiveness of those inquiries can be a challenge for different reasons. Yet apart from a handful of papers on the subject, there is little guidance on the efficacy of ICE as a communication technique and specifically how to successfully blend questions about ICE within the interaction between doctor and patient.ProposalThis paper takes a closer look at this communication technique and explores some of the interactional features of inquiries into ICE. First, the background to ICE and its emergence within the field of medical education is considered. Next the argument considers some of the contextual and pedagogical issues that inquiries into ICE gives rise to. The discussion then goes on to explore some conceptual underpinnings drawing on findings from Conversation Analysis, which provide some direction in approaching questions about what the patient thinks. Finally, the implications of the argument presented are considered in relation to the teaching and assessment of medical students with a short proposal for next steps.ConclusionCapturing the patient's perspective through an exploration of their ideas, concerns and expectations remains a valuable approach in communication skills training in medical education. It is important, however, that ICE type inquiries are used carefully and responsively if they are to be used to improve communication with patients.
“Don't cry, it doesn't belong to us”; critical thoughts on commemoration as a means of inclusion: Mizrahi Jews and Holocaust memory in Israel
Authors: Kook Rebecca , Solomon Sophia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEfforts to incorporate the collective memories of minority communities into national memory narratives are viewed as an integral part of efforts to revive democracy, while contributing to social integration and equality. In this context, the inclusion of minority histories is increasingly being mandated by law and policy in many countries. Recently, Israel passed memory laws that set out to include the previously excluded history of its North African minority communities into the larger Israeli national memory narrative of the Holocaust. In this essay, we ask whether, and in what ways, this change in the national memory narrative has quelled feelings of alienation experienced by members of these minorities and increased feelings of national belonging. Based on group interviews conducted with members of Jewish North African communities in Israel, we demonstrate that feelings of exclusion from the national remembrance narrative linger, despite the efforts of the State.
Association between preoperative on‐site CCU visits and postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Beibei , Wu Lina , Fang Zhenhong , Zheng Jing , Dong Weihua , Hong Xia , Jin Peifeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication after cardiac surgery (CS), with symptoms like attention disorders and even delays patients' recovery.AimsTo evaluate the impact of preoperative on‐site visits in the cardiac care unit (CCU) on POD after CS.Study DesignPatients admitted to the CCU with extracorporeal CS were included in the visiting or non‐visiting group according to whether they were on visiting week. The visiting group received a preoperative visit from a nurse‐led multidisciplinary visiting team (including CCU nurses and physicians) 1 week before surgery in addition to standard care. The non‐visiting group received standard care like unstructured information from the CS team and anesthesiologists and so on. The Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM‐ICU) and the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) were used to evaluate the POD severity. The incidence, occurrence and duration of POD, as well as the CCU length of stay, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration and length of hospital stay were compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 735 participants (369 in the visited group and 366 in the unvisited group) were included in this study. Preoperative on‐site visits were associated with a decreased POD incidence (odds ratio [OR]: 0.524, 95% CI: 0.336–0.817), an improved POD severity (OR: 0.578, 95% CI: 0.359–0.932) and a shortening POD duration (OR: 0.972, 95% CI: 0.951–0.994). There was a significant difference between the visiting and non‐visiting groups in the mechanical ventilation duration (OR: 0.987, 95% CI: 0.978–0.996).ConclusionsPreoperative on‐site visits are associated with a reduction in the incidence, duration, and severity of POD, as well as the mechanical ventilation duration of patients.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study found that preoperative on‐site visits were associated with the onset, duration, severity and duration of mechanical ventilation of POD. Although many factors influence the occurrence of POD, a multidisciplinary visiting team led by a nurse (including CCU nurses and physicians) can provide early nursing interventions through preoperative visits, better obtain postoperative cooperation from patients, establish a good nurse–patient relationship and provide better health services to patients. In a realistic CCU setting, nurses and physicians can act as educators, assessing patients before surgery, enhancing preoperative education, improving patient familiarity with the CCU environment and teaching sign language communication skills when patients are mechanically ventilated. These findings can therefore provide the basis for effective clinical care to prevent postoperative POD.
Regulation of the central amygdala on intestinal motility and behavior via the lateral hypothalamus in irritable bowel syndrome model mice
Authors: He Xiaoman , Ji Pengfei , Guo Ruixiao , Ming Xing , Zhang Hongfei , Yu Lizheng , Chen Ziyi , Gao Shengli , Guo Feifei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundImpaired bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) is closely related to the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Studies in patients with IBS have also shown significant activation of the hypothalamus and amygdala. However, how neural circuits of the CNS participate in and process the emotional and intestinal disorders of IBS remains unclear.MethodsThe GABAergic neural pathway projecting from the central amygdala (CeA) to the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) in mice was investigated by retrograde tracking combined with fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Anxiety, depression‐like behavior, and intestinal motility were observed in the water‐immersion restraint stress group and the control group. Furthermore, the effects of the chemogenetic activation of the GABAergic neural pathway of CeA‐LHA on behavior and intestinal motility, as well as the co‐expression of orexin‐A and c‐Fos in the LHA, were explored.Key ResultsIn our study, Fluoro‐Gold retrograde tracking combined with fluorescence immunohistochemistry showed that GABAergic neurons in the CeA were projected to the LHA. The microinjection of the gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist into the LHA relieved anxiety, depression‐like behavior, and intestinal motility disorder in the IBS mice. The chemogenetic activation of GABAergic neurons in the CeA‐LHA pathway led to anxiety, depression‐like behavior, and intestinal motility disorder. In addition, GABAergic neurons in the CeA‐LHA pathway inhibited the expression of orexin‐A in the LHA, and orexin‐A was co‐expressed with GABAA receptors.Conclusions & InferencesThe CeA‐LHA GABAergic pathway might participate in the occurrence and development of IBS by regulating orexin‐A neurons.
Hormonal control of medial–lateral growth and vein formation in the maize leaf
Authors: Robil Janlo M. , McSteen Paula 
Published: November 2022

Summary

Parallel veins are characteristic of monocots, including grasses (Poaceae). Therefore, how parallel veins develop as the leaf grows in the medial–lateral (ML) dimension is a key question in grass leaf development.

Using fluorescent protein reporters, we mapped auxin, cytokinin (CK), and gibberellic acid (GA) response patterns in maize (Zea mays) leaf primordia. We further defined the roles of these hormones in ML growth and vein formation through combinatorial genetic analyses and measurement of hormone concentrations.

We discovered a novel pattern of auxin response in the adaxial protoderm that we hypothesize has important implications for the orderly formation of 3° veins early in leaf development. In addition, we found an auxin transport and response pattern in the margins that correlate with the transition from ML to proximal–distal growth. We present evidence that auxin efflux precedes CK response in procambial strand development. We also determined that GA plays an early role in the shoot apical meristem as well as a later role in the primordium to restrict ML growth.

We propose an integrative model whereby auxin regulates ML growth and vein formation in the maize leaf through control of GA and CK.
Transcriptional profiling reveals a critical role of GmFT2a in soybean staygreen syndrome caused by the pest Riptortus pedestris
Authors: Wei Zhongyan , Guo Wenbin , Jiang Shanshan , Yan Dankan , Shi Yan , Wu Bin , Xin Xiangqi , Chen Li , Cai Yupeng , Zhang Hehong , Li Yanjun , Huang Haijian , Li Junmin , Yan Fei , Zhang Chuanxi , Hou Wensheng , Chen Jianping , Sun Zongtao 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Soybean staygreen syndrome, characterized by delayed leaf and stem senescence, abnormal pods, and aborted seeds, has recently become a serious and prominent problem in soybean production. Although the pest Riptortus pedestris has received increasing attention as the possible cause of staygreen syndrome, the mechanism remains unknown.
Here, we clarify that direct feeding by R. pedestris, not transmission of a pathogen by this pest, is the primary cause of typical soybean staygreen syndrome and that critical feeding damage occurs at the early pod stage.
Transcriptome profiling of soybean indicated that many signal transduction pathways, including photoperiod, hormone, defense response, and photosynthesis, respond to R. pedestris infestation. Importantly, we discovered that members of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene family were suppressed by R. pedestris infestation, and overexpression of floral inducer GmFT2a attenuates staygreen symptoms by mediating soybean defense response and photosynthesis.
Together, our findings systematically illustrate the association between pest infestation and soybean staygreen syndrome and provide the basis for establishing a targeted soybean pest prevention and control system.