bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oscillatory dynamics underlying noun and verb production in highly proficient bilinguals
Authors: Geng Shuang , Molinaro Nicola , Timofeeva Polina , Quiñones Ileana , Carreiras Manuel , Amoruso Lucia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWords representing objects (nouns) and words representing actions (verbs) are essential components of speech across languages. While there is evidence regarding the organizational principles governing neural representation of nouns and verbs in monolingual speakers, little is known about how this knowledge is represented in the bilingual brain. To address this gap, we recorded neuromagnetic signals while highly proficient Spanish–Basque bilinguals performed a picture-naming task and tracked the brain oscillatory dynamics underlying this process. We found theta (4–8 Hz) power increases and alpha–beta (8–25 Hz) power decreases irrespectively of the category and language at use in a time window classically associated to the controlled retrieval of lexico-semantic information. When comparing nouns and verbs within each language, we found theta power increases for verbs as compared to nouns in bilateral visual cortices and cognitive control areas including the left SMA and right middle temporal gyrus. In addition, stronger alpha–beta power decreases were observed for nouns as compared to verbs in visual cortices and semantic-related regions such as the left anterior temporal lobe and right premotor cortex. No differences were observed between categories across languages. Overall, our results suggest that noun and verb processing recruit partially different networks during speech production but that these category-based representations are similarly processed in the bilingual brain.
Isolated systolic hypertension and insulin resistance assessment tools in young and middle-aged Chinese men with normal fasting glucose: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gu Qing , Meng Jian , Hu Xue , Ge Jun , Wang Sui Jun , Liu Xing Zhen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe vital role of insulin resistance (IR) in the pathogenesis of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) has been expounded at the theoretical level. However, research on the correlation between some specific IR indicators and ISH is still rare, especially at different glycemic statuses. We conducted this study to explore the association between three IR indicators and ISH among young and middle-aged adults with normal fasting plasma glucose (NFG). This large cross-sectional study included 8246 young and middle-aged men with NFG and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg. The homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) index, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, and the metabolic score for IR (METS-IR) were calculated with the corresponding formula. The proportions of ISH among young and middle-aged men were 6.7% and 4.4%, respectively. After fully adjusting, only HOMA-IR rather than TyG and METS-IR was significantly associated with ISH. Moreover, fully adjusted smooth curve fitting showed that the association between HOMA-IR and ISH were approximately linear in both two age groups (P for non-linearity were 0.047 and 0.430 in young and middle-aged men, respectively). Among young and middle-aged men with NFG, using HOMA-IR instead of noninsulin-dependent IR indicators may have advantages in the hierarchical management of ISH. Further longitudinal research may be needed to determine their potential causal relationship.
Exceptional phonon point versus free phonon coupling in Zn1−xBexTe under pressure: an experimental and ab initio Raman study
Authors: Shoker M. B. , Alhaddad T. , Pagès O. , Torres V. J. B. , Postnikov A. V. , Polian A. , Hajj Hussein R. , Pradhan G. K. , Narayana C. , Gardiennet C. , Kervern G. , Nataf L. , Ravy S. , Itié J.-P. , Strzałkowski K. , Marasek A. , Firszt F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRaman scattering and ab initio Raman/phonon calculations, supported by X-ray diffraction, are combined to study the vibrational properties of Zn1−xBexTe under pressure. The dependence of the Be–Te (distinct) and Zn–Te (compact) Raman doublets that distinguish between Be- and Zn-like environments is examined within the percolation model with special attention to x ~ (0,1). The Be-like environment hardens faster than the Zn-like one under pressure, resulting in the two sub-modes per doublet getting closer and mechanically coupled. When a bond is so dominant that it forms a matrix-like continuum, its two submodes freely couple on crossing at the resonance, with an effective transfer of oscillator strength. Post resonance the two submodes stabilize into an inverted doublet shifted in block under pressure. When a bond achieves lower content and merely self-connects via (finite/infinite) treelike chains, the coupling is undermined by overdamping of the in-chain stretching until a «phonon exceptional point» is reached at the resonance. Only the out-of-chain vibrations «survive» the resonance, the in-chain ones are «killed». This picture is not bond-related, and hence presumably generic to mixed crystals of the closing-type under pressure (dominant over the opening-type), indicating a key role of the mesostructure in the pressure dependence of phonons in mixed crystals.
Imaging and sensing of pH and chemical state with nuclear-spin-correlated cascade gamma rays via radioactive tracer
Authors: Shimazoe Kenji , Uenomachi Mizuki , Takahashi Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSingle-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET) are highly sensitive molecular detection and imaging techniques that generally measure accumulation of radio-labeled molecules by detecting gamma rays. Quantum sensing of local molecular environment via spin, such as nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, has also been reported. Here, we describe quantum sensing and imaging using nuclear-spin time-space correlated cascade gamma-rays via a radioactive tracer. Indium-111 (111In) is widely used in SPECT to detect accumulation using a single gamma-ray photon. The time-space distribution of two successive cascade gamma-rays emitted from an 111In atom carries significant information on the chemical and physical state surrounding molecules with double photon coincidence detection. We propose and demonstrate quantum sensing capability of local micro-environment (pH and chelating molecule) in solution along with radioactive tracer accumulation imaging, by using multiple gamma-rays time-and-energy detection. Local molecular environment is extracted through electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction in the intermediate nuclear spin state by the explicit distribution of sub-MeV gamma rays. This work demonstrates a proof of concept, and further work is necessary to increase the sensitivity of the technique for in vivo imaging and to study the effect of scattered radiation for possible application in nuclear medicine.
Do Mothers and Fathers of Egyptian Stuttering Children View Stuttering Differently?
Authors: Mostafa Eman , St. Louis Kenneth O. , El-Adawy Ahlam Abdel-Salam , Emam Ahmed Mamdouh , Elbarody Zahra Moemen 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Limited research has shown that knowing or interacting with a person who stutters facilitates more positive attitudes toward stuttering. This is true when the stuttering person is a close friend or a family member. The study sought to determine if Egyptian mothers held different stuttering attitudes than fathers as joint parents of children who stuttered.

Method:

Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering
results of 25 mothers and 25 fathers of the same children who stuttered were compared. Also, children's severity scores were correlated with their parents' attitudes.

Results:
There were no significant differences between mothers' and fathers' stuttering attitudes; however, an unexpected trend for more positive attitudes of fathers was observed. Weak relationships between children's stuttering severity and their parents' attitudes existed, with slightly higher correlations for the fathers.

Conclusion:
Nonsignificant trends for slightly more positive attitudes for fathers than mothers should be explored in larger sample sizes in order to answer the question “Should information provided for parents of children who stutter be different or differently presented to mothers versus fathers?”
Modeling and analysis of driver behaviour under shared control through weighted visual and haptic guidance
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zheng Rencheng , Nacpil Edric John Cruz , Nakano Kimihiko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDriver–automation shared control through haptic steering is developed to reduce the workload of drivers while keeping them in the control loop. For the optimum design of a haptic steering system, an understanding of driver behaviour based on measurements and modeling is crucial early in the development process. This paper aims to propose a driver model using a weighting process of visual guidance from the road ahead and haptic guidance from a steering system for a lane‐following task. The proposed weighting process describes the interaction and reliance of drivers in relation to haptic guidance steering. A driving simulator experiment is conducted to identify the model parameters for driving manually and with haptic guidance. The proposed driver model matched the driver input torque with reasonable fitness among 14 participants after considering individual differences. The validation results reveal that the output trajectory from the model effectively followed the driving course by matching the measured trajectory from the drivers. The model evaluation results reveal the potential of the proposed driver model to be applied to the design and evaluation of haptic guidance systems.
Origin of the spectacular tidal shells of galaxy NGC 474
Authors: Bílek Michal , Fensch Jérémy , Ebrová Ivana , Nagesh Srikanth T. , Famaey Benoit , Duc Pierre-Alain , Kroupa Pavel 
Published: January 2022

Context.The lenticular galaxy NGC 474 hosts a rich system of tidal shells and streams, some of which are exceptionally bright. Two teams recently presented spectroscopic observations of the brightest shells. These were the first shell spectra ever observed in integrated starlight. The authors studied the stellar populations of the shell, of the center of the galaxy, and of its globular clusters. The precise formation scenario for the tidal features of this prominent galaxy still remained unclear, however.Aims.Here, we add further clues on their formation from the radii of the shells, and we present a scenario for the formation of the tidal features that seems to be unique and can explain all available data.Methods.Shell radii were analyzed with the shell identification method, and we ran self-consistent simulations of the formation of the tidal features. We considered Newtonian as well as MOND gravity.Results.Observations suggest that the tidal features originate from the accretion of a spiral galaxy. According to the shell identification method, the merging galaxies first collided 1.3 Gyr ago and then again 0.9 Gyr ago, thereby forming the shells in two generations. This would also explain the young ages of stellar populations in the center of the galaxy and the young age of the globular clusters. The analytic models of shell propagation that underlie the shell identification method are verified by a simulation. The simulations reproduce the observed morphology of the tidal features well. The accreted spiral likely reached NGC 474 on the plane of the sky nearly radially from the south, its rotation axis pointing toward us. It probably had a stellar mass of about one-sixth of NGC 474, that is, 109.8 M⊙. Apparently, all tidal features in the galaxy originate from one merger.
Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG
Authors: Fanelli C. , Origlia L. , Oliva E. , Dalessandro E. , Mucciarelli A. , Sanna N. 
Published: January 2022

Context. The Perseus complex in the outer disk of the Galaxy hosts a number of clusters and associations of young stars. Gaia is providing a detailed characterization of their kinematic structure and evolutionary properties.
Aims. Within the SPA Large Program at the TNG, we secured HARPS-N and GIANO-B high-resolution optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the young red supergiant (RSG) stars in the Perseus complex in order to obtain accurate radial velocities, stellar parameters, and detailed chemical abundances.
Methods. We used spectral synthesis to best fit hundreds of atomic and molecular lines in the spectra of the observed 27 RSGs. We obtained accurate estimates of the stellar temperature, gravity, micro- and macroturbulence velocities, and chemical abundances for 25 different elements. We also measured the 12C/13C abundance ratio.
Results. Our combined optical and NIR chemical study provides homogeneous half-solar iron with a low dispersion, about solar-scaled abundance ratios for the iron-peak, alpha-, and other light elements, and a low enhancement of Na, K, and neutron-capture elements. This is consistent with the thin-disk chemistry traced by older stellar populations at a similar galactocentric distance of about 10 kpc. We inferred an enhancement of N and a depletion of C and of the 12C/13C isotopic abundance ratio that are consistent with mixing processes in the stellar interiors during the RSG evolution.
Preseason Symptom Reporting and Cognition in Middle School Athletes
with Past Concussions
Authors: Iverson Grant L. , Berkner Paul D. , Zafonte Ross , Maxwell Bruce , Terry Douglas P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examined the association between past concussions and current
preseason symptom reporting and cognitive performance in 9,257 youth ages
11–13. Participants completed neurocognitive testing prior to
participating in a school sports between 2009 and 2019. We stratified the sample
by gender and number of prior concussions and assessed group differences on the
Post-Concussion Symptom Scale total score and the ImPACT cognitive composite
scores. Those with≥2 prior concussions reported more symptoms than those
with 0 concussions (d=0.43–0.46). Multiple regressions examining
the contribution of concussion history and developmental/health history
to symptom reporting showed the most significant predictors of symptoms scores
were (in descending order): treatment for a psychiatric condition, treatment for
headaches, history of learning disability (in boys only), history of
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and age. Concussion history
was the weakest statistically significant predictor in boys and not significant
in girls. Cognitively, boys with 1 prior concussion had worse speed those with 0
concussions (d=0.11), and girls with≥2 prior concussions had
worse verbal/visual memory than girls with 0 concussions
(ds=0.38–0.39). In summary, youth with≥2 prior
concussions reported more symptoms than those with no concussions. Boys with
multiple concussions performed similarly on cognitive testing, while girls had
worse memory scores.
Aus den Augen, aus dem Sinn – Knacknuss-Anamnese bei disseminierten Arzneimittelexanthemen auf „vergessene“ Selbstmedikation
Authors: Bircher Andreas J. , Imhof-Gex-Collet Caroline , Scherer Hofmeier Kathrin 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungEs werden zwei Patienten vorgestellt, die zur Abklärung unklarer Exantheme zugewiesen wurden, bei beiden wurde die Diagnose initial nicht gestellt. Der erste Patient hatte ein ausgeprägtes Arzneimittelexanthem, die Patientin ein generalisiertes fixes Arzneimittelexanthem. Die wegen Verdacht auf Arzneimittelallergie durchgeführte aufwändige allergologische Diagnostik fiel zunächst unergiebig aus. Bei beiden wurde initial der Auslöser anamnestisch nicht erfasst, da die Patienten die Selbsttherapie mit frei verkäuflichen Medikamenten vergessen hatten oder als nicht relevant betrachteten. Erst auf intensive Befragung konnten die Auslöser Pseudoephedrin bzw. Paracetamol eruiert und bestätigt werden. Die zentrale Rolle einer umfassenden Anamneseerhebung und Dokumentation aller eingenommenen Therapeutika wird dargestellt.
Snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) after endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of large (> 20 mm) non pedunculated colorectal polyps: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chandan Saurabh , Facciorusso Antonio , Ramai Daryl , Deliwala Smit , Mohan Babu P. , Kassab Lena L. , Draganov Peter V. , Othman Mohamed O. , Kochhar Gursimran S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of laterally spreading tumors (LSTs) > 20 mm in size can be challenging. Piecemeal EMR of these lesions results in high rates of adenoma recurrence at first surveillance colonoscopy (SC1). Snare tip soft coagulation (STSC) of post resection margins is a safe and effective technique to prevent adenoma recurrence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this technique.
Patients and methods Multiple databases were searched through April 2021 for studies that reported on outcomes of post EMR STSC for LSTs > 20 mm in size. Meta-analysis was performed to determine pooled odds of adenoma recurrence as well as pooled proportion of adverse events including intraprocedural and delayed bleeding as well as intraprocedural perforation events.
Results Six studies including two randomized controlled trials (RCT) and four cohort studies with 2122 patients were included in the final analysis. Overall pooled odds of adenoma recurrence at SC1 with post EMR STSC compared to no STSC was 0.27 (95 % 0.18–0.42; I2 = 0 %), P < 0.001. Pooled rate of adenoma recurrence at SC1 in post EMR STSC cohort was 6 %. Rates of intraprocedural bleeding, delayed bleeding and intraprocedural perforation were 10.3 %, 6.5 % and 2 % respectively.
Conclusions Our results show that thermal ablation of resection margins with STSC in LSTs > 20 mm is a safe and effective technique in reducing the incidence of adenoma recurrence.
Diagnostic ability of linked color imaging in ultraslim endoscopy to identify neoplastic lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Haruma Ken , Kato Mototsugu , Kawada Kenro , Murao Takahisa , Ono Shoko , Suehiro Mitsuhiko , Hori Shinichiro , Sasaki Fumisato , Koike Tomoyuki , Kitamura Shinji , Dohi Osamu , Kanzaki Hiromitsu , Yagi Nobuaki , Hashiguchi Keiichi , Oka Shiro , Katada Kazuhiro , Shimoda Ryo , Mizukami Kazuhiro , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Katsuki Shinichi , Tsuda Momoko , Naito Yuji , Kawano Tatsuyuki , Mori Keita , Ishikawa Hideki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Linked color imaging (LCI) is a new image-enhancing technique that facilitates the differentiation of slight differences in mucosal color tone. We performed an exploratory analysis to evaluate the diagnostic capability of LCI in ultraslim endoscopy, using data from patients examined in the LCI-Further Improving Neoplasm Detection in upper gastrointestinal (LCI-FIND) trial, a large-scale, multicenter, randomized controlled trial that demonstrated the capability of LCI for detecting neoplastic lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Patients and methods Data from the LCI-FIND prospective trial were used. In the LCI-FIND trial, 1502 patients with a history of gastrointestinal cancer were randomly assigned to two groups based on examination methods: white light imaging (WLI) followed by LCI (WLI group) and LCI followed by WLI (LCI group). The present exploratory analysis investigated the outcomes of patients who underwent ultraslim and standard endoscopies.
Results Ultraslim endoscopes were used in 223 patients and standard endoscopes in 1279 patients. The primary endpoint of the LCI-FIND trial was the percentage of patients diagnosed with a neoplastic lesion using WLI or LCI. The corresponding percentage tended to be higher with LCI than with WLI among patients who underwent ultraslim endoscopy and among those who underwent standard endoscopy; the crude risk ratio was 2.21 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.06–4.67], and the adjusted odds ratio was 2.46 (95 % CI: 1.07–5.63).
Conclusions Our exploratory analysis of data from the LCI-FIND trial showed that LCI is useful in identifying neoplastic lesions, when used in ultraslim endoscopy.
Rare Presentation of Limb–Body Wall Complex in a Neonate: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Adeleke Omoloro , Gill Farrukh , Krishnan Ramesh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe limb–body wall complex (LBWC) aka body stalk syndrome is an uncommon congenital disorder characterized by severe malformations of limb, thorax, and abdomen, characterized by the presence of thoracoschisis, abdominoschisis, limb defects, and exencephaly. This condition is extremely rare with an incidence of 1 per 14,000 and 1 per 31,000 pregnancies in large epidemiologic studies. Majority of these malformed fetuses end up with spontaneous abortions. We present this rare case with occurrence in a preterm infant of 35 weeks' gestation. Our report highlights majority of the clinical presentations as reported in previous literature, but the significant pathological findings of absent genitalia and malformed genitourinary as well as anorectal malformations make this case presentation an even more rare occurrence. Infant karyotyping was normal male and there is no specific underlying genetic correlation in this condition which has a fatal prognosis.
Differential Diagnoses of Diseases Involving the Extrinsic Ocular Musculature – A Pictorial Essay
Authors: Santana Larissa Marques , Martins Larissa de Aguiar , Rosa-Júnior Marcos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction There are some inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic diseases affecting the extrinsic orbital musculature (EOM) that present with pain, decreased visual acuity, and proptosis. Imaging is fundamental to the differential diagnoses of these diseases with similar clinical presentations. The present case series report has as main objective to illustrate and discuss the main pathologies that affect the orbit.
Material and Methods The present series of cases discusses the main pathologies that can affect the extraocular musculature that can be characterized by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using cases from our institution.
Results and Discussion The present study compiled several cases of ophthalmopathy from our institution to illustrate and address some of these pathologies, such as orbital lymphoma, Grave disease, metastases, periorbital cellulitis, and idiopathic orbital inflammatory syndrome. The diseases are discussed according to the presentation of clinical cases with emphasis on the main imaging findings of each pathology.
Conclusion Computed tomography and MRI can help in the diagnosis and follow-up of the diseases that affect the EOM. We must be conversant with the main characteristics of the pathologies presented in the present case series report, since such findings together with clinical data can confirm the diagnosis of these diseases or at least help to narrow the differential diagnoses.