bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for anti-inflammatory effects and modulation of neurotransmitter metabolism by Salvia officinalis L.
Authors: Margetts Gemma , Kleidonas Sotirios , Zaibi Nawel S. , Zaibi Mohamed S. , Edwards Kieron D. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive health is of great interest to society, with neuroinflammation and systemic inflammation age-related risk factors that are linked to declines in cognitive performance. Several botanical ingredients have been suggested to have benefits in this area includingSalvia officinalis(sage), which has shown anti-inflammatory effects and exhibited promising cognitive improvements in multiple human studies. The current study demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects forS. officinalisacross a broad set of in vitro models in human cells, and adds further evidence to support modulation of acetylcholine and monoamine neurostransmitter levels as mechanisms that contribute towards the benefits of the herb on cognitive health.MethodsThe effect ofS. officinalisextract on release of multiple cytokines and chemokines was measured in human primary intestinal epithelial cells treated with or without LPS stimulation, and Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) cells in presence or absence of recombinant IL-17A and/or Human IL-17RA/IL-17R Antibody. Antioxidant effects were also assessed in BBB cells incubated with the extract and H2O2. The anti-inflammatory effects ofS. officinalisextract were further assessed based on clinically-relevant biomarker readouts across 12 human primary cell-based disease models of the BioMAP Diversity PLUS panel.ResultsS. officinalisshowed significant attenuation of the release of most cytokines/chemokines into apical media in LPS-stimulated intestinal cells, but small increases in the release of markers including IL-6, IL-8 in basolateral media; where TNF-α was the only marker to be significantly reduced.S. officinalisattenuated the release of CRP and VCAM-1 from BBB cells under IL-17A induced conditions, and also decreased H2O2induced ROS overproduction in these cells. Phenotypic profiling with the BioMAP Diversity PLUS Panel identified additional anti-inflammatory mediators, and based on a similarity search analysis suggested potential mechanistic similarity to caffeic acid and drugs known to inhibit COMT and MAO activity to modulate monoamine metabolism. Subsequent in vitro assessment showed thatS. officinaliswas able to inhibit the activity of these same enzymes.ConclusionsS. officinalisextract showed anti-inflammatory effects across multiple human cell lines, which could potentially reduce peripheral inflammation and support cognitive health.S. officinalisextract also showed the ability to inhibit enzymes related to the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters, suggesting possible dopaminergic and serotonergic effects acting alongside proposed cholinergic effects to mediate acute cognitive performance benefits previously demonstrated for the extract.
Community nurses’ perspectives on a novel blended training approach: a qualitative study
Authors: Yu Chou Chuen , Le Khanh M. , Low James A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Transiting into the community setting often presents novel difficulties for nurses because the role demands skills that might not have been obtained through usual clinical experience or training. The Ageing-in-Place Community Care Team (AIP-CCT) Community Nurse Basic Training programme was developed to address this learning gap. This training programme prepares nurses to lead in a multi-disciplinary team in delivering patient-centred care to patients with progressive or life-limiting conditions in the community setting. This study evaluated the inaugural training programme provided to a group of nurses from an acute hospital in Singapore.

Methods
Qualitative in-depth interviews were carried out with 13 participants from the training programme three-months after completion of the AIP-CCT Community Nurse Basic Training programme provided by an acute hospital to understand the programme’s impact on their knowledge, skills and clinical practice, as well as barriers and facilitators to learning.

Results
Overall, perception towards the training course was mixed. Course content was found to be relevant, and participants reported that training led to improvement in their practice. However, experienced nurses felt that the content of some modules were lacking in depth. This could have explained why only junior nurses tended to hold favourable attitudes and felt that the training led to increase in their confidence level. Although medical content was assessed favourably, the course was not able to address some of the constraints faced by community nurses such as managing expectations and handling difficult patients in the home care setting. For some modules, face-to-face training was preferred and e-learning components can be improved to increase communication and interaction.

Conclusion
This study provided insights into how a community nurse training programme could be developed to meet the needs of community nurses. The training was able to reinforce skills and knowledge, address knowledge gaps and provide new clinical care approaches and communication strategies. These incremental effects on experienced community nurses could be extrapolated to have greater benefits for inexperienced community nurses. Based on findings of the study, potential changes to the training programme were discussed to improve training outcomes.
Nutritional control regulates symbiont proliferation and life history in coral-dinoflagellate symbiosis
Authors: Cui Guoxin , Liew Yi Jin , Konciute Migle K. , Zhan Ye , Hung Shiou-Han , Thistle Jana , Gastoldi Lucia , Schmidt-Roach Sebastian , Dekker Job , Aranda Manuel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The coral-Symbiodiniaceae symbiosis is fundamental for the coral reef ecosystem. Corals provide various inorganic nutrients to their algal symbionts in exchange for the photosynthates to meet their metabolic demands. When becoming symbionts, Symbiodiniaceae cells show a reduced proliferation rate and a different life history. While it is generally believed that the animal hosts play critical roles in regulating these processes, far less is known about the molecular underpinnings that allow the corals to induce the changes in their symbionts.

Results
We tested symbiont cell proliferation and life stage changes in vitro in response to different nutrient-limiting conditions to determine the key nutrients and to compare the respective symbiont transcriptomic profiles to cells in hospite. We then examined the effects of nutrient repletion on symbiont proliferation in coral hosts and quantified life stage transitions in vitro using time-lapse confocal imaging. Here, we show that symbionts in hospite share gene expression and pathway activation profiles with free-living cells under nitrogen-limited conditions, strongly suggesting that symbiont proliferation in symbiosis is limited by nitrogen availability.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that nitrogen limitation not only suppresses cell proliferation but also life stage transition to maintain symbionts in the immobile coccoid stage. Nutrient repletion experiments in corals further confirmed that nitrogen availability is the major factor limiting symbiont density in hospite. Our study emphasizes the importance of nitrogen in coral-algae interactions and, more importantly, sheds light on the crucial role of nitrogen in symbiont life history regulation.
Urchin-like magnetic microspheres for cancer therapy through synergistic effect of mechanical force, photothermal and photodynamic effects
Authors: Wu Kai , Mohsin Ali , Zaman Waqas Qamar , Zhang Zefei , Guan Wenyan , Chu Maoquan , Zhuang Yingping , Guo Meijin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic materials mediated by mechanical forces to combat cancer cells are currently attracting attention. Firstly, the magnetic force penetrates deeper into tissues than the NIR laser alone to destroy tumours. Secondly, the synergistic effect of nano-magnetic-material characteristics results in a viable option for the targeted killing of cancer cells. Therefore, mechanical force (MF) produced by magnetic nanomaterials under low frequency dynamic magnetic field combined with laser technology is the most effective, safe and efficient tool for killing cancer cells and tumour growth.ResultsIn this study, we synthesized novel urchin-like hollow magnetic microspheres (UHMMs) composed of superparamagnetic Fe3O4. We demonstrated the excellent performance of UHMMs for killing laryngocarcinoma cancer cells through mechanical force and photothermal effects under a vibrating magnetic field and near-infrared laser, respectively. The killing efficiency was further improved after loading the synthesised UHMMs with Chlorin e6 relative to unloaded UHMMs. Additionally, in animal experiments, laryngocarcinoma solid tumour growth was effectively inhibited by UHMMs@Ce6 through magneto-mechanic force, photothermal and photodynamic therapy.ConclusionsThe biocompatibility and high efficiency of multimodal integrated therapy with the UHMMs prepared in this work provide new insights for developing novel nano therapy and drug loading platforms for tumour treatment. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that UHMMs/Ce6 are excellent tools for strongly inhibiting tumour growth through the above-mentioned characteristic effects.Graphical Abstract
Monitoring in vivo behavior of size-dependent fluorescent particles as a model fine dust
Authors: Son Taewoong , Cho Youn-Joo , Lee Hyunseung , Cho Mi Young , Goh Byeongwoo , Kim Hyun Min , Hoa Phan Thi Ngoc , Cho Sun-Hee , Park Young-Jun , Park Hye Sun , Hong Kwan Soo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
There has been growing concern regarding the impact of air pollution, especially fine dust, on human health. However, it is difficult to estimate the toxicity of fine dust on the human body because of its diverse effects depending on the composition and environmental factors.

Results
In this study, we focused on the difference in the biodistribution of fine dust according to the size distribution of particulate matter after inhalation into the body to predict its impact on human health. We synthesized Cy7-doped silica particulate matters (CSPMs) having different particle sizes and employed them as model fine dust, and studied their whole-body in vivo biodistribution in BALB/c nude mice. Image-tracking and quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed on the ex vivo organs and tissues. Additionally, flow cytometric analysis of single cells isolated from the lungs was performed. Smaller particles with a diameter of less than 100 nm (CSPM0.1) were observed to be removed relatively rapidly from the lungs upon initial inhalation. However, they were confirmed to accumulate continuously over 4 weeks of observation. In particular, smaller particles were found to spread rapidly to other organs during the early stages of inhalation.

Conclusions
The results show in vivo behavioral differences that arisen from particle size through mouse experimental model. Although these are far from the human inhalation studies, it provides information that can help predict the effect of fine dust on human health. This study might provide with insights on association between CSPM0.1 accumulation in several organs including the lungs and adverse effect to underlying diseases in the organs.

Graphical Abstract
Transtheoretical model-based mobile health application for PCOS
Authors: Wang LianHong , Liu Ying , Tan Huiwen , Huang Shiming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLifestyle modification (diet, exercise, and behavioral interventions) is the first-line treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The benefits of face-to-face lifestyle modification intervention in a short time have been demonstrated. However, few studies have investigated the mobile technology effects on lifestyle modification in PCOS. Therefore, we examined the effect of transtheoretical model-based mobile health application intervention program for PCOS.MethodsA randomised controlled, single-blind trial, was carried out from October 2018 to March 2019, which included 122 participants recruited from gynecology outpatient clinics of affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University in Guizhou. The study participants were randomised into intervention (n = 61) and control groups (n = 61). Participants in the intervention group undertook a TTM-based mobile health application program in addition to routine care, and participants in the control group received only routine care.ResultsFifty-one participants in the intervention group and 49 in the control group completed the study. Compared to the control group, participants in the intervention group showed statistically significant decrease for BMI (P < 0.05), WC (P < 0.05), SAS (P < 0.05), and SDS (P < 0.05) scores at 6-month and 12-month, respectively. Behavior stage change of exercise and diet among paticipants with PCOS was significant at 6 months (c2 = 43.032, P < 0.05) and 12th months (c2 = 49.574, P < 0.05) between the intervention and control groups.ConclusionsThis study showed that the TTM-based mobile health application program can decrease BMI, WC, anxiety, and depression, and improve exercise and diet adherence in patients with PCOS in the long term. The TTM-based mobile health application program can be applied for lifestyle modification in women with PCOS.Trial registrationThis study was approved by the ethics committee NO.[2019]1-028 in March 2018 and was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (website:www.chictr.org.cn, registry number: ChiCTR2000034572)
Comparable worth of life for all? Conducting and disseminating health economic evaluations for refugees in Germany
Authors: Biddle Louise , Wahedi Katharina , Bozorgmehr Kayvan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractComparative health economic evaluation is based on premise of being able to compare the worth of a year of life lived in full quality across different patients, population groups, settings and interventions. Given the rising numbers of forcibly displaced people, the nexus of economics, migration and health has emerged as a central theme in recent conceptual and empirical approaches. However, some of the assumptions made in conventional economic approaches do not hold true in the decision-making context of migration and the health of forcibly displaced populations. Using the experience of conducting and disseminating economic analyses to support decision-making on health screening policies for refugees in Germany, we show that in particular the assumptions of individual utility with no positive externalities, equity-blind utilitarian ethical stances and stable budgets are challenged. The further development of methods to address these challenges are required to support decision-makers in this contentious and politically fraught context and continue to make choices and decisions transparent.
Preoperative position and protection of radial nerve by B-ultrasound combined with MIPPO for treatment of middle-inferior humerus fractures
Authors: Cen Chaode , Cao Yongfei , Zhang Yong , Hu Chaoran , Luo Chunshan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose
Open reduction and internal fixation through the posterior approach are standard methods for treating middle-inferior humerus fractures. Given the limited operative field and difficulty in locating the radial nerve, the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) technique via the posterior approach to treat middle-inferior humerus fractures has rarely been reported. This study aims to evaluate the clinical effect of the preoperative study of the radial nerve position by B-ultrasound and its intraoperative protection combined with MIPPO in managing middle-inferior humerus fractures.

Methods
The data were studied retrospectively involving 64 participants who had surgery for middle-inferior humerus fractures from the start of 2017 to the end of 2020. Participants were divided into two groups, those treated with the MIPPO technique, including newly developed dual procedures and preoperative position and protection of radial nerve by B-ultrasound (group A), and those treated with open reduction and internal plating fixation (group B).

Results
All the cases were followed up for 12–34 months (an average of 25.6 ± 8.76 months), and there was no significant difference in the mean operative duration, surgical incision infection, range of motion (ROM) and MEPS (Mayo elbow performance score) for groups A and B. However, the occurrence of complications (radial nerve palsy, bone nonunion and flexible internal fixation or ruptures) in group B was significantly higher than the group A. A statistically significant difference was observed in the intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay and fracture nonunion time between the two groups. All the cases gained bone union within the MIPPO group.

Conclusion
MIPPO via the posterior dual approach associated with preoperative position and protection of radial nerve by B-ultrasound does not increase radial nerve injury, however, it exhibits obvious advantages in the bone union, which is worthy of clinical application.
New adjustable modular hemipelvic prosthesis replacement with 3D-print osteotomy guide plate used in periacetabular malignant tumors: a retrospective case series
Authors: Li Jun , Liu Zicheng , Peng Dan , Chen Xia , Yu Chao , Shen Yi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Periacetabular malignant tumor seriously endangers the life and health of patients. Hemipelvic replacement provides a good method for patients who want complete resection of the tumor while retaining or restoring the function of the affected limb.

Objective
To investigate the performance and clinical application of the new adjustable modular hemipelvic prosthesis and to compare the effects of three kinds of hemipelvic prosthesis.

Methods
In this study, 23 patients, with an average age of 44.6 years (21–75 years), were collected, who received hemipelvic replacement with new adjustable, modular, and screw-rod system hemipelvic prosthesis. Preoperative preparation was conducted on them, and operative complications were recorded. Postoperative functional follow-up was performed regularly.

Results
The average operation time was 319 min (170–480 min), and the average blood loss was 2813 ml (1000 mL-8000 ml). The incidence of complications was 47.8%, and type A (wound-related complications) had the highest incidence (34.8%). Postoperative dislocation occurred in 3 cases (13.0%), and no dislocation occurred in the new adjustable modular hemipelvic prosthesis group. The average MSTS score of the patients was 18.6 (10–23), and the average Harris score was 73.7 (53–87).

Conclusions
The new adjustable modular hemipelvic prosthesis has the feasibility of reconstruction and good functional outcome, making it ideal for periacetabular tumors. Furthermore, preoperative tumor-feeding artery embolization and abdominal aortic balloon implantation may be an effective choice to reduce intraoperative blood loss and facilitate the operation of tumor resection.
Early weight bearing in tibial plateau fractures treated with ORIF: a systematic review of literature
Authors: Canton Gianluca , Sborgia Andrea , Dussi Micol , Rasio Nicholas , Murena Luigi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To review the current clinical evidence on advantages and risks of early weight bearing (EWB) after internal fixation for tibial plateau fracture.

Methods
Data source: PubMed and Google Scholar from inception of database to 20 August 2021, using PRISMA guidelines. The included studies were randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective observational studies, case reports. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 reviewers. Collected data were compared to verify agreement. Statistical analysis was not performed in this study.

Results
The literature search produced 174 papers from PubMed and 186 from Google Scholar, with a total amount of 360 papers. The two reviewers excluded 301 papers by title or duplicates. Of the 59 remaining, 33 were excluded after reading the abstract, and 17 by reading the full text. Thus, 9 papers were finally included in the review.

Conclusions
EWB can be considered safe and effective in selected cases after internal fixation for tibial plateau fractures.
Level of evidence Therapeutic Level III.
Opportunities and challenges in preventing violence against adolescent girls through gender transformative, whole-family support programming in Northeast Nigeria
Authors: Koris Andrea , Steven Shadrack , Akika Veronica , Puls Cassondra , Okoro Charles , Bitrus David , Seff Ilana , Deitch Julianne , Stark Lindsay 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Household violence is one of the most prevalent forms of gender-based violence faced by adolescent girls in humanitarian settings. A growing evidence base demonstrates the extent to which multiple forms of familial violence, including intimate partner violence, violence against children, and sibling violence overlap in the same households. However, existing evidence of family support programming that effectively reduces violence against girls by addressing intersecting forms of household violence are limited, particularly in the Global South. Through a qualitative implementation evaluation informed by a grounded theoretical approach, we explored the perceived impact of a gender transformative, whole-family support intervention aimed at building adolescent girls’ protective assets against violence, among program participants in two communities of internally displaced people Maiduguri, Borno State, Northeast Nigeria.

Methods
We conducted six in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions with adult caregivers; six participatory activities and four paired interviews with adolescent girls and boys; and 12 key informant interviews with program staff. Criterion sampling was used to recruit 21 male caregivers, 21 female caregivers, 23 adolescent boys, and 21 adolescent girls; purposive sampling was used to recruit 12 program staff to participate in qualitative research activities. We audio recorded, translated, and transcribed all interviews. In a collaborative coding process, a multi-stakeholder team used applied thematic analysis in Dedoose to identify emergent themes in the data.

Results
Participants reported a decreased tolerance for and perpetration of violence against girls at the household level, and endorsed their right to protection from violence at the community level. However, alongside these self-reported changes in attitude and behavior, aspects of normative, patriarchal norms governing the treatment of adolescent girls were maintained by participants.

Conclusions
This study builds the evidence base for gender transformative, whole-family support programming and its impact on preventing violence against adolescent girls in humanitarian emergencies. Situating our findings in a feminist analysis of violence, this study calls attention to the complexity of gender norms change programming amongst families in conflict-affected settings, and highlights the need for programming which holistically addresses the relational, community, and structural drivers of violence against girls in emergencies.