bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
As Much As I Can – Utilizing Immersive Theatre to Reduce HIV-Related Stigma and Discrimination Toward Black Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Burns Paul A. , Klukas Emily , Sims-Gomillia Courtney , Omondi Angela , Bender Melverta , Poteat Tonia 
Published: October 2022

Background Despite advances in biomedical HIV prevention modalities such as pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the transmission of HIV, racial/ethnic and sexual/gender minority populations are disproportionately impacted by HIV epidemic. Alarming rates of HIV have persisted among Black gay and bisexual men, particularly in Southern states. Methods Utilizing data from the ViiV ACCELERATE! initiative, we explored the impact of As Much As I Can, an immersive theatre production, on HIV-related stigma behaviors. A self-administered post-performance survey was conducted with a cohort ( n = 322) of randomly selected audience members. Results Overall, the results showed participants had a highly favorable experience, rating the performance with a mean score of 9.77/10. Respondents indicated they intended to change behaviors to promote HIV prevention education and to reduce stigma and discrimination including: (1) Say something if I hear stigmatizing language against people living with HIV (75.4%), (2) Say something if I hear anti-gay language (69.7%) and (3) Tell others about HIV prevention options (e.g., PrEP, PEP, condoms (64.1%). The findings show there is an association between HIV-related behavior intention and linkage to HIV care. Respondents who reported they were more likely to say something about HIV stigma were almost three times (O.R. 2.77; 95% C.I. 0.98–7.8) more likely to indicate they would follow up with a healthcare professional. Conclusions This study suggests that immersive theatre is an effective method for communicating HIV prevention education and reducing HIV-related structural stigma and discrimination that increases HIV vulnerability for Black sexual minority men.
Risk Factors for Revision or Rerupture After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Di , Pan Jian-ke , Lin Fang-zheng , Luo Ming-hui , Liang Gui-hong , Zeng Ling-feng , Huang He-tao , Han Yan-hong , Xu Nan-jun , Yang Wei-yi , Liu Jun 
Published: October 2022

Background: The rerupture or need for revision after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is a serious complication. Preventive strategies that target the early identification of risk factors are important to reduce the incidence of additional surgery. Purpose: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate risk factors for revision or rerupture after ACLR. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from database inception to November 2021 and updated in January 2022. Quantitative, original studies reporting potential adjusted risk factors were included. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for potential risk factors. Results: A total of 71 studies across 13 countries with a total sample size of 629,120 met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen factors were associated with an increase in the risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR: male sex (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14-1.41), younger age (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.05-1.08), lower body mass index (BMI) (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.06), family history (OR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.50-4.08), White race (OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.08-1.60), higher posterolateral tibial slope (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.26), preoperative high-grade anterior knee laxity (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.46-3.64), higher baseline Marx activity level (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02-1.13), return to a high activity level/sport (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.15-3.57), an ACLR within less than a year after injury (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.81-2.32), a concomitant medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.00), an anteromedial portal or transportal technique (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.22-1.51), hamstring tendon (HT) autografts (vs bone–patellar tendon–bone [BPTB] autografts) (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.40-1.82), allografts (OR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.65-4.19), and smaller graft diameter (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05-1.38). The other factors failed to show an association with an increased risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR. Conclusion: Male sex, younger age, lower BMI, family history, White race, higher posterolateral tibial slope, preoperative high-grade anterior knee laxity, higher baseline Marx activity level, return to a high activity level/sport, an ACLR within less than a year from injury, a concomitant MCL injury, an anteromedial portal or transportal technique, HT autografts (vs BPTB autografts), allografts, and smaller graft diameter may increase the risk of revision or rerupture after ACLR. Raising awareness and implementing effective preventions/interventions for risk factors are priorities for clinical practitioners to reduce the incidence of revision or rerupture after ACLR.
Repeat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Return to Sport in Australian Soccer Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autograft
Authors: Manara Jonathan R. , Salmon Lucy J. , Kilani Faisal M. , Zelaya de Camino Gerardo , Monk Claire , Sundaraj Keran , Pinczewski Leo A. , Roe Justin P. 
Published: October 2022

Background: Soccer is the most commonly played team sport in the world and a high-risk sport for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and subsequent ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Purpose: To assess the rate of further ACL injury in patients who have undergone ACLR with hamstring tendon autograft after soccer injuries in Australia and to determine factors associated with repeat ACL injury and return to soccer. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: From a prospectively collected database, a series of 1000 consecutive ACLRs using hamstring autografts performed in soccer players were identified. Patients were surveyed at a minimum 5 years after reconstruction, including details of further ACL injuries to either knee, return to soccer or other sports, and psychological readiness per the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale. Results: Of the 862 participants reviewed, ACL graft rupture occurred in 85 (10%) and contralateral ACL rupture in 68 (8%) within 5 years after the reconstruction. The 5-year ACL graft survivorship was 94% for females and 88% for males. The survivorship of the contralateral ACL was 92% for males and 90% for females. When compared with those aged >25 years, the odds of ACL graft rupture was increased by 4 to 5 times in those aged 19 to 25 years and 3 to 7 times in those ≤18 years. Further ACL injury to the graft or contralateral knee occurred in 44% of males aged ≤18 years. Risk factors for further ACL injury were younger age at time of surgery, male sex, and return to soccer. Graft diameter did not influence ACL graft rupture rates, and 70% of patients returned to soccer after ACLR. The mean ACL-RSI score was 59, and patients who reported more fear of reinjury on this scale were less likely to have returned to soccer. Conclusion: The prevalence of ACL graft rupture (10%) and contralateral ACL rupture (8%) was near equivalent over 5 years in this large cohort of mostly recreational Australian soccer players. ACLR with hamstring autograft is a reliable procedure, allowing 70% of patients to return to soccer in this high-risk population. Risk factors for further ACL injury are progressively younger age at time of surgery, male sex, and return to soccer. Graft diameter was not a factor in ACL graft rupture, indicating that other factors, particularly age, are of primary importance.
Microfracture Augmentation With Direct In Situ Radial Shockwave Stimulation With Appropriate Energy Has Comparable Repair Performance With Tissue Engineering in the Porcine Osteochondral Defect Model
Authors: Zhao Zhidong , Li Ji , Bai Xiaowei , Wang Yuxing , Wang Qi , Lv Ningyu , Gao Huayi , Guo Zheng , Zhu Heng , Guo Quanyi , Li Zhongli 
Published: October 2022

Background: The first-line clinical strategy for small cartilage/osteochondral defects is microfracture (MF). However, its repair efficacy needs improvement. Hypothesis: Appropriate energy radial shockwave stimulation in MF holes would greatly improve repair efficacy in the porcine osteochondral defect model, and it may obtain comparable performance with common tissue engineering techniques. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Osteochondral defect models (8-mm diameter, 3-mm depth) were established in the weightbearing area of Bama pigs’ medial femoral condyles. In total, 25 minipigs were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (Con; without treatment), MF, MF augmentation (MF+; treated with appropriate energy radial shockwave stimulation in MF holes after MF), tissue engineering (TE; treated with compounds of microcarrier and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells), and sham (as the positive control). After 3 months of intervention, osteochondral specimens were harvested for macroscopic, radiological, biomechanical, and histological evaluations. The statistical data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance. Results: Based on the macroscopic appearance, the smoothness and integration of the repaired tissue in the MF+ group were improved when compared with the Con and MF groups. The histological staining suggested more abundant cartilaginous matrix deposition in the MF+ group versus the Con and MF groups. The general scores of the macroscopic and histological appearances were comparable in the MF+ and the TE groups. The high signal areas of the osteochondral unit in the magnetic resonance images were significantly decreased in the MF+ group, with no difference with the TE group. The micro–computed tomography data demonstrated the safety of direct in situ radial shockwave performance. Biomechanical tests revealed that the repaired tissue’s Young modulus was highest in the MF+ group and not statistically different from that in the TE group. Conclusion: Direct in situ radial shockwave stimulation with appropriate energy significantly improves the short-term repair efficacy of MF. More encouragingly, the MF+ group in our study obtained repair performance comparable with the TE therapy. Clinical Relevance: This strategy is easy to perform and can readily be generalized with safety and higher cartilage repair efficacy. Moreover, it is expected to be accomplished under arthroscopy, indicating tremendous clinical transformative value.
Docosahexaenoic acid-loaded chitosan/alginate membrane reduces biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa and promotes MSC-mediated burn wound healing
Authors: Ghaneialvar Hori , Kayumov Airat , Aboualigalehdari Elham , Pakzad Iraj , Tanideh Nader , Abbasi Naser , Haddadi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: October 2022

Aims: Chitosan, like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), is used in medicine as a wound healing accelerator. Thus, in this study, chitosan-alginate (CA) membranes containing DHA and MSCs were produced, and their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against burn infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated. Methods: Physicochemical properties were assessed by SEM, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Porosity, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. The viability and apoptosis of MSCs were studied using flow cytometry. Wound healing effects were analyzed based on histopathological features, the wound contraction rate (WCR) ratio, and bacterial clearance. Results: The CA membranes showed antibiofilm activity both in vivo and in vitro, accompanied by reduced lasI and rhlI expressions and pyocyanin production. The membranes were highly porous and biocompatible and showed favorable physicochemical properties. Docosahexaenoic acid incorporation to CA membranes improved their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, as well as MSCs’ viability by reducing crystallinity and increasing porosity ( p = .008). Treatment with CA-DHA-MSC accelerated burn wound healing (with complete healing being observed after 14 days, WCR = 85%) and augmented antibacterial and antibiofilm activities in vivo compared to CA-DHA and CA-MSC. The CA-DHA-MSC group delivered a significantly higher WCR and lower inflammation than the CA-MSC group ( p = .0001). Conclusion: In combination with DHA-loaded CA membranes, MSCs reduced the healing time of burn wounds, offering a viable option for designing effective wound dressings.
The Influence of Time and Temperature on Human Milk Storage Antioxidant Properties, Oxidative Stress, and Total Protein
Authors: Ribeiro Vania Paula Damasceno , Tinoco Renata Braga , Chamon Ana Luísa Beber , Pessoa Iana Soares , Santos Tamires Cruz dos , Silva Racire Sampaio , Fronza Marcio 
Published: October 2022

Background: Human milk is an essential source of nutrition for an infant’s health. When breastfeeding working mothers or students, for example, are unable to breastfeed, storing their milk is recommended. Therefore, it is crucial to know the storage conditions to ensure their antioxidant capacity and avoid oxidative damage. Research Aim: To evaluate the stability of the antioxidant and pro-oxidant profiles and the amount of total protein in fresh human milk after different storage times (1, 2, 7, 14, and 21 days) and temperatures (4 ºC and -20 ºC). Methods: This was a prospective, longitudinal, and observational study with milk samples grouped according to age for comparisons, which included 20 lactating women. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the colorimetric methods of free radical scavenging 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid and the decrease of ferric ion. Oxidative stress was determined by the lipid peroxidation product formation through malondialdehyde concentration, and the total protein content was assessed by the Bradford method. Results: The antioxidant profile of human milk was maintained with minimal losses until the 14th day when stored at 4 ºC and -20 ºC. The evolution of malondialdehyde concentration over storage revealed significant changes only 21 days after human milk storage at 4 ºC. There was no change in the value of total protein content. Conclusions: To sum up, there is no difference in the storage of human milk at a temperature of 4 °C or -20 °C over 14 days. Therefore, the lactating woman may choose the most convenient way of storage.
Homocysteine, Vitamins B6, B12, and Folate and the Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Case-control Study from Northeast India
Authors: Ghose Manash , Das Madhumita , Das Rupjyoti , Barua Amit Ranjan , Deka Prasenjit , Barman Aparajita , Lahan Vivekananda , Choudhury Dhruba Jyoti , Sharma Jai Prakash , Mathur Manik , Borah Nomal Chandra , Choudhury Nupur , Barman Ananya 
Published: October 2022

Background Stroke is a major leading global health complication. Identification and management of risk factors associated with stroke can help in prior detection, prevention, and improvement in patient care. Purpose To investigate the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and Vitamins B6, B12, and folate deficiency in stroke patients and also to assess other risk factors associated with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Methods Detail history of all the subjects in the study including history of hypertension, anemia, fasting glucose, carotid artery thickness, smoking, alcohol, and dietary intake was recorded. Standard assays for homocysteine (Hcy), Vitamins B6, B12, and folate estimation were done. Lipid and renal profile tests were also performed. The prevalence and odds of having HHcy, Vitamins B6, B12, and folate deficiency, and other risk factors in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients were evaluated. Student’s t-tests and chi-square tests were done for statistical validation of the data. Results Prevalence of HHcy and Vitamins B6, B12, and folate deficiency was not observed in ischemic cases. HHcy and folate deficiency was found to be prevalent in hemorrhagic stroke patients. The odds that a person with HHcy and folate deficiency has hemorrhagic stroke was found to be significantly high. Conclusion In our study, high Hcy and low folate levels emerged as risk factors for hemorrhagic stroke.
The Potential Synergistic Risk of Albuterol and Vasoactives in Acute Lung Injury Trials
Authors: Almuntashiri Sultan , Chase Aaron , Sikora Andrea , Zhang Duo 
Published: October 2022

Background: Critically ill patients are often prescribed both inhaled beta-agonists and intravenous vasoactive; however, the interaction of the additive beta-agonist effects of these 2 agents remains largely uncharacterized. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how concomitant use of albuterol and vasoactive or inotropes affected ventilator-free days (VFDs) by re-analyzing the data from the Albuterol to Treat Acute Lung Injury (ALTA) trial. Methods: In this study, subjects were grouped to albuterol-vasoactive (n = 84) versus (vs) placebo-vasoactive (n = 62). Ventilator-free days, intensive care unit (ICU)-free days, organ failure-free days, cardiovascular adverse events, and 90-day mortality were compared. The primary outcome was VFDs. Results: Patients in the albuterol-vasoactive group had significantly fewer VFDs than patients in the placebo-vasoactive group (11 vs 19, P = 0.05). Patients in the albuterol-vasoactive group also had significantly fewer ICU-free days (9.5 vs 18.5, P = .006). The 90-day mortality was similar between groups (36.9% vs 27.4%, P = .20). Similarly, no significant difference in cardiac adverse events between the groups (14.3% vs 11.3%, P = 0.59). Conclusion and Relevance: This study has shown fewer VFDs for patients who received both vasoactive and albuterol. There were also fewer ICU-free days when compared to those on vasoactive only. Given the common use of both agents, a prospective evaluation of the additive adverse effects of beta-agonism is warranted.
Effectiveness of hyaluronic acid and arnica extract ophthalmic solution in reducing dry eye symptoms in pediatric population
Authors: Buzzonetti Luca , Petroni Sergio , Federici Matteo 
Published: October 2022

Aim to assess the effectiveness of a new combination of topical solution with Hyaluronic Acid 0.2% and arnica extract 0.1% in reducing dry eye symptoms in a population of pediatric patients. Methods 52 pediatric patients (aged 9 to 14 years) with signs and symptoms of dry eyes and allergic conjunctivitis were included in the study. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the Hyaluronic Acid 0.2%/ Arnica extract 0.1% group (Study Group) while 26 patients to the Hyaluronic Acid 0.2% group (Control Group). Clinical signs and symptoms were assessed at baseline and at week 4. The assessment plan included: slit-lamp examination, tear film break up time (TBUT), Schirmer's test and conjunctival hyperemia score. Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score was used to evaluate subjective symptoms of dry eye disease. Results Both treatment groups showed improvements in the estimated clinical parameters after treatment. OSDI score was significantly lower in both treatment groups (Study group p = 0.02; Control group p = 0.04) at the end of the follow up period. Improvements in TBUT, Schirmer's test results and conjunctival hyperemia were statistically significant only in the Study group (p = 0.021; p = 0.03; p < 0.01 respectively). Conclusions Preliminary findings suggest that combined topical Hyaluronic Acid 0.2% and arnica extract 0.1% can be effective in reducing symptoms and signs of dry eye disease in children.
End-to-end anastomosis as a superior repair type to prevent recurrence of arteriovenous fistula aneurysms and improve patency outcomes
Authors: Hejna Emily E , Chang Jaimie , Terranella Samantha L , Trawczynski Matthew H , Hollinger Edward F , Jensik Stephen C , Olaitan Oyedolamu , Hertl Martin , Chan Edie Y 
Published: October 2022

Background: Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) complicated by aneurysms are repaired through several mechanisms. Little is known about risk factors for aneurysm recurrence or the efficacy of subsequent repair of recurring aneurysms. Methods: About 291 patients underwent AVF aneurysm repair between 2009 and 2019 at a large urban medical center. Patients who underwent staged repair, had a primary graft with pseudoaneurysm, were status-post kidney transplant, or using other dialysis access at the time of repair were excluded. One hundred sixty-two patients were included in the study, of which 52 developed a secondary aneurysm. Chi-square and t-test analyses were used to compare demographics. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine independent risk factors for aneurysm recurrence. Of the 52 patients with recurrent aneurysms, 41 were repaired again. Patency was examined for each group 1 year postoperatively. Results: Patients without secondary aneurysms were more likely to have a Charlson Comorbidity Index score ⩾5 ( p = 0.045). Males were 2.8 times more likely to develop a secondary aneurysm compared to females ( p = 0.023). Patients who underwent elective compared to emergent or urgent surgery for primary aneurysms were significantly less likely to recur (OR = 0.222; p = 0.016). Primary aneurysms repaired by end-to-end anastomosis, compared to aneurysmorrhaphy or graft, were significantly less likely to recur (OR = 0.239; p = 0.041). Among patients with secondary aneurysms, those repaired via end-to-end anastomosis had a significantly higher primary patency rate 1 year postoperatively ( p = 0.024). Secondary aneurysm repairs exhibited 1-year primary and secondary patency rates of 51.2% and 82.9%, respectively. Conclusions: End-to-end anastomosis reduces risk of recurrence and demonstrates superior patency rates when repairing recurrent aneurysms. It remains unclear why some patients are prone to aneurysm recurrence, however continued attempts to repair existing vascular access are proven to be successful.