bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early administration of tofacitinib in COVID‐19 pneumonitis: An open randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ferrarini Alessia , Vacca Angelo , Solimando Antonio Giovanni , Tavio Marcello , Acquaviva Rossella , Rocchi Marco , Nitti Cinzia , Salvi Aldo , Menditto Vincenzo , Luchetti Gentiloni Michele Maria , Russo Alessandro , Moretti Marco , Pavani Marianna , Giacometti Andrea , Bonifazi Martina , Zuccatosta Lina , Romani Laura , Racanelli Vito , Moroncini Gianluca , Gabrielli Armando , Pomponio Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundControversies on sub‐populations most sensitive to therapy and the best timing of starting the treatment still surround the use of immunomodulatory drugs in COVID‐19.ObjectivesWe designed a multicentre open‐label randomised controlled trial to test the effect of prompt adding of tofacitinib to standard therapy for hospitalised patients affected by mild/moderate COVID‐19 pneumonitis.MethodsPatients admitted to three Italian hospitals affected by COVID‐19 pneumonitis not requiring mechanical ventilation were randomised to receive standard treatment alone or tofacitinib (10 mg/bid) for 2 weeks, starting within the first 24 h from admission.ResultsA total of 116 patients were randomised; 49 in the experimental arm completed the 14‐day treatment period, 9 discontinued tofacitinib as the disease worsened and were included in the analysis, and 1 died of respiratory failure. All 58 control patients completed the study. Clinical and demographic characteristics were similar between the study groups. In the tofacitinib group, 9/58 (15.5%) patients progressed to noninvasive ventilation (CPAP) to maintain SO2 > 93%, invasive mechanical ventilation or death by day 14 was 15.5%, significantly less than in the control group (20/58, 34.4%, RR 0,45, RRR −55%, NNT 5; p = .018). No differences in severe adverse effect incidence had been observed across the groups.ConclusionHigh‐dose tofacitinib therapy in patients with COVID pneumonitis is safe and may prevent deterioration to respiratory failure.
YTHDF3 mediates HNF1α regulation of cervical cancer radio‐resistance by promoting RAD51D translation in an m6A‐dependent manner
Authors: Du Hui , Zou Nai‐Yi , Zuo Hong‐Ling , Zhang Xue‐Yuan , Zhu Shu‐Chai 
Published: November 2022

Radiotherapy, as an important primary treatment, has effectively improved the survival of patients with cervical cancer (CC). Some patients, however, do not benefit optimally from radiotherapy because of radio‐resistance. Therefore, identifying radio‐resistance biomarkers and unravelling the underlying mechanisms is of critical importance for these patients. In the present study, we found significant upregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1‐alpha (HNF1α) expression in radio‐resistant cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. Depletion of HNF1α reduced and overexpression of HNF1α promoted the resistance of CC cells to irradiation in vitro and in vivo. HNF1α positively regulated DNA repair protein RAD51 homologue 4 (RAD51D) at the protein level but not at the mRNA level. Mechanistically, upregulation of HNF1α enhanced YTH domain‐containing family protein 3 (YTHDF3) transcription, which in turn promoted RAD51D mRNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification. YTHDF3 mediates HNF1α regulation of cervical cancer radio‐resistance by promoting RAD51D translation in an m6A‐dependent manner. The HFN1α/YTHDF3/RAD51D regulatory axis was found to play a critical role in conferring radio‐resistance of CC cells. In conclusion, dysregulation of the HFN1α/YTHDF3/RAD51D axis may promote the radio‐resistance of CC cells. Blocking this pathway may provide therapeutic benefits against CC radio‐resistance.
Effects of oceanography on North Pacific armorhead recruitment in the Emperor Seamounts
Authors: Lavery Madeline A. K. , Rooper Christopher N. , Sawada Kota , Fenske Kari , Kulik Vladimir , Park Kyum Joon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe North Pacific armorhead (NPA), Pentaceros wheeleri, is thought to exhibit an extended post‐spawning epipelagic phase in which larvae disperse to the northeast Pacific Ocean. Current understanding of juvenile distribution, development, and mechanisms that drive recruitment variation, however, remains largely incomplete. The objective of this study was to compare a time series of NPA recruitment to established climate indices and to environmental covariates to explore drivers of the NPA life cycle. Additionally, this work investigates potential larval NPA transport pathways and their positional relationships to the proposed northeastern nursery grounds. Using Lagrangian particle tracking, trajectories of passive larvae were simulated at depths of 0 and 15 m for 18 years (2001–2018) from the Southern Emperor‐Northern Hawaiian Ridge (SE‐NHR) natal habitat. Dispersal distances and particle end positions were examined for their potential relationships with recruitment. Sea surface temperature and net primary productivity were evaluated as predictor variables using generalized additive modeling. Neither regression of particle end‐point characteristics nor environmental covariates resulted in significant correlations with recruitment here, perhaps owing to data limitations surrounding the nursery zone. Particles were found to be advected largely within the North Pacific transition zone in the central north Pacific. Significant seasonal correlations were found between recruitment and the Arctic Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation and North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, suggesting that NPA recruitment mechanisms respond to interannual ocean‐atmospheric climate oscillations. Better knowledge of the connections between recruitment and the environment would be valuable for stock management, and improvements for advection predictions are discussed.
Temperature legacies predict microbial metabolic quotient across forest biomes
Authors: Liu Shengen , Sun Zhaolin , Tian Peng , Zhao Xuechao , Zhou Guiyao , Dietrich Peter , Wang Qingkui , Delgado‐Baquerizo Manuel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimPalaeoclimate legacies have been reported to influence microbial communities and carbon (C) stocks even after thousands of years. However, the direct and indirect influences of climate legacies on microbial C processes remain poorly understood and thus limit our capacity to predict how climate legacies regulate C cycling. Here, we conducted microbial, soil and vegetation surveys along a continental latitudinal transect of 4200 km covering a wide range of forest biomes. With these data, we evaluated the potential capacity of climate legacies to predict direct and indirect variations in microbial metabolic quotient (MMQ) across and within three main forest biomes: tropical, subtropical and temperate forests.LocationNorth–south transect (4200 km), China.Time period2019.Major taxa studiedSoil microbes.MethodsWe used molecular ecology technology to determine microbial biomass and diversity, in addition to a soil incubation experiment to measure MMQ.ResultsPalaeoclimate explained a unique portion of the variation in the continental distribution of MMQ, which showed a hump‐shaped pattern with latitude. Locations with increased isothermality (an index of temperature) over the last 20,000 years also showed the highest MMQ in the present day. Moreover, we found multiple indirect effects of climate legacies on MMQ caused either by changes in key soil properties, such as soil organic carbon and ammonium (NH4+), in lower latitudinal regions or by plant traits in higher latitudinal regions. Furthermore, MMQ was positively related to bacterial richness but negatively to fungal richness across forest biomes.Main conclusionsClimate legacies associated with continuous changes in temperature over the last 20,000 years influenced MMQ across forest biomes. Our findings demonstrate that including climate legacies in climate carbon models is essential for better prediction of the microbe‐driven ecosystem processes under global environmental change.
Herbage and animal responses on continuously stocked ‘Ipyporã’ and ‘Mulato II’ brachiariagrasses
Authors: da Silva Carvalho Ana Paula , Domiciano Leandro F. , Paraíso Isadora G. N. , Silva Débora S. M. , Cabral Luciano S. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Pereira Dalton H. , Pedreira Bruno C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNew hybrid grass cultivars may enhance animal performance in forage‐livestock systems if they possess traits that address edaphoclimatic challenges and pest susceptibility. The objective was to assess herbage accumulation, plant‐part composition, nutritive value, and animal performance of ‘Ipyporã’ [Brachiaria ruziziensis Germ. & Evrard × B. brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf] and ‘Mulato II’ (B. ruziziensis × B. brizantha × B. decumbens Stapf) hybrids in the Brazilian Amazon biome. From May 2016 to May 2018, pastures were maintained under continuous stocking with variable stocking rates to maintain canopy height at 30‐cm. Herbage accumulation (HA) was greater in Mulato II (17,370 kg dry matter [DM] ha−1 year−1) than Ipyporã pastures (14,930 kg DM ha−1 year−1) across the years. In Year 1, Mulato II had greater stocking rate (1685 vs. 1215 kg body weight [BW] ha−1) and greater gain ha−1 (1130 vs. 850 kg) than Ipyporã. However, in Year 2, both cultivars had similar plant and animal responses. The Year 1 ADG was similar among cultivars or seasons but in Year 2, rainy seasons had 21 and 77% greater ADG than dry seasons for Mulato II and Ipyporã, respectively. Both cultivars can contribute to the diversification of pasture‐based livestock systems in humid tropical regions. Mulato II presented superior performance when soil moisture and fertility were not limiting (i.e., Year 1). However, both cultivars provide similar plant and animal responses in Year 2, offering viable alternatives for the diversification of pasture‐based livestock systems in the Amazon Biome.
Leveraging consumer personality and social media marketing to improve a brand's social media equity
Authors: Mathur Manisha , Lawrence Danae , Chakravarty Anindita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConsumer personality traits impact consumer actions, preferences, online behaviour and shopping motives. This study examines personality traits as drivers of social media equity by addressing the mechanisms under which consumer personality traits influence social media equity. We aim to combine consumer‐level information with brand‐level metrics to advance our understanding of consumers' associations with brands on social media and how specific consumer personality traits can be leveraged to improve a brand's social media equity. Using a self‐administered survey, a total of 418 respondents from an online consumer panel participated in this study. The results from structural equation modelling revealed that while extraversion, openness to experience and neuroticism personality traits are positively associated with brand engagement and brand advocacy, agreeableness and conscientiousness are significantly associated with brand advocacy and not with brand engagement. This study advances theory by examining how consumer personality traits influence social media equity via brand engagement and brand advocacy as mediators. The findings provide rich practical insights into underlying mechanisms through which marketers can increase social media equity using consumer personality traits.
Human neutrophils ≠ murine neutrophils: Does it matter?
Authors: Nauseef William M. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryHuman and murine neutrophils differ with respect to representation in blood, receptors, nuclear morphology, signaling pathways, granule proteins, NADPH oxidase regulation, magnitude of oxidant and hypochlorous acid production, and their repertoire of secreted molecules. These differences often matter and can undermine extrapolations from murine studies to clinical care, as illustrated by several failed therapeutic interventions based on mouse models. Likewise, coevolution of host and pathogen undercuts fidelity of murine models of neutrophil‐predominant human infections. However, murine systems that accurately model the human condition can yield insights into human biology difficult to obtain otherwise. The challenge for investigators who employ murine systems is to distinguish models from pretenders and to know when the mouse provides biologically accurate insights. Testing with human neutrophils observations made in murine systems would provide a safeguard but is not always possible. At a minimum, studies that use exclusively murine neutrophils should have accurate titles supported by data and restrict conclusions to murine neutrophils and not encompass all neutrophils. For now, the integration of evidence from studies of neutrophil biology performed using valid murine models coupled with testing in vitro of human neutrophils combines the best of both approaches to elucidate the mysteries of human neutrophil biology.
The informativeness of investor communication with corporate insiders: Evidence from China
Authors: Meng Qingbin , Ju Congyi , Huang Qinghua , Wang Song 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study examines the informativeness of individual investors in the stock market. Specifically, we study the EasyInteraction Platform administrated by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange of China. This public platform allows individual investors to openly ask corporate insiders questions and requires the corporate insiders to answer these questions. Conducting a content analysis on the investor–firm conversations, we find that the negative tones in the investor questions have a permanent negative effect on stock prices, followed by a lower degree of earnings surprises. This effect is robust after controlling for media coverage as well as firm‐specific financial variables, and after ruling out short‐sellers and the firm competitors as the source of the negative messages. Overall, our results suggest that individual investors disclose value‐related information through public communications with corporate insiders.
Risk factors for venous thromboembolism following surgical treatment of fractures: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xia Zhen‐Hua , Chen Wei‐Hua , Wang Qun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the risk factors for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients treated surgically for fractures using a meta‐analytic approach. Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library from inception until February 2022. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were applied to calculate the pooled effect estimate using the random‐effects model. Sensitivity, subgroup, and publication bias tests were also performed. Forty‐four studies involving 3 239 291 patients and reporting 11 768 VTE cases were selected for the meta‐analysis. We found that elderly (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.38‐2.15; P < .001), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) ≥ 3 (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.46‐2.29; P < .001), blood transfusion (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.14‐2.92; P = .013), cardiovascular disease (CVD) (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.22‐1.61; P < .001), elevated D‐dimer (OR: 4.55; 95% CI: 2.08‐9.98; P < .001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.19‐1.54; P < .001), hypertension (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.09‐1.56; P = .003), immobility (OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 2.23‐5.32; P < .001), lung disease (LD) (OR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.29‐4.47; P = .006), obesity (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.27‐1.82; P < .001), peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.21‐3.73; P = .008), prior thromboembolic event (PTE) (OR: 5.17; 95% CI: 3.14‐8.50; P < .001), and steroid use (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.73‐3.24; P < .001) were associated with an increased risk of VTE. Additionally, regional anaesthesia (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45‐0.96; P = .029) was associated with a reduced risk of VTE following surgical treatment of fractures. However, alcohol intake, cancer, current smoking, deep surgical site infection, fusion surgery, heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, liver and kidney disease, sex, open fracture, operative time, preoperative anticoagulant use, rheumatoid arthritis, and stroke were not associated with the risk of VTE. Post‐surgical risk factors for VTE include elderly, ASA ≥ 3, blood transfusion, CVD, elevated D‐dimer, DM, hypertension, immobility, LD, obesity, PAD, PTE, and steroid use.
Correlations between residual stress and water diffusion in silica glass at low temperatures
Authors: Hausmann Bronson D. , Tomozawa Minoru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResidual stress profiles in silica glass were measured after water diffusion treatment under 47.33 kPa (355 Torr) water vapor at 350°C and 650°C. Earlier, it was found that water solubility in silica glass exhibited peculiar time dependence: Solubility increased with time exceeding the normal water solubility expected from higher temperatures. Then, the water solubility decreased with time. It was hypothesized that the stress induced by water diffusion and its subsequent relaxation is responsible for the phenomenon. Residual surface stress generation in silica glass was found to correlate closely with surface hydroxyl concentration, systematically increasing until eventual surface stress relaxation results in stress decrease for treatments beyond 265 hours at 650°C. This observation validates previous theories of time dependent diffusivity in silica glass.
Application of back propagation neural network model optimized by particle swarm algorithm in predicting the risk of hypertension
Authors: Yan Yan , Chen Rong , Yang Zihua , Ma Yong , Huang Jialu , Luo Ling , Liu Hao , Xu Jian , Chen Weiying , Ding Yuanlin , Kong Danli , Zhang Qiaoli , Yu Haibing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe structure of a back propagation neural network was optimized by a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and a back propagation neural network model based on a PSO algorithm was constructed. By comparison with a general back propagation neural network and logistic regression, the fitting performance and prediction performance of the PSO algorithm is discussed. Furthermore, based on the back propagation neural network optimized by the PSO algorithm, the risk factors related to hypertension were further explored through the mean influence value algorithm to construct a risk prediction model. In the evaluation of the fitting effect, the root mean square error and coefficient of determination of the back propagation neural network based on the PSO algorithm were 0.09 and 0.29, respectively. In the comparison of prediction performance, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the back propagation neural network based on PSO algorithm were 85.38%, 43.90%, 96.66%, and 0.86, respectively. The results showed that the backpropagation neural network optimized by PSO had the best fitting effect and prediction performance. Meanwhile, the mean impact value algorithm could screen out the risk factors related to hypertension and build a disease prediction model, which can provide clues for exploring the pathogenesis of hypertension and preventing hypertension.
FasL is a catabolic factor in alveolar bone homeostasis
Authors: Apaza Alccayhuaman Karol Alí , Heimel Patrick , Lee Jung Seok , Tangl Stefan , Kuchler Ulrike , Marchesan Julie , Panahipour Layla , Lettner Stefan , Matalová Eva , Gruber Reinhard 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimFas ligand (FasL) belongs to the tumour necrosis factor superfamily regulating bone turnover, inflammation, and apoptosis. The appendicular and axial skeleton phenotype of mature Faslgld mice has been reported. The impact of FasL on the alveolar bone providing support for the teeth at mature stages under healthy and induced inflammatory conditions remains unknown.Materials and MethodsWe performed a phenotypical analysis of mice carrying the homozygous Faslgld mutation and wild‐type (WT) mice (C57BL/6) under healthy conditions and upon ligature‐induced periodontitis. After 12 days, micro‐computed tomography analysis revealed the distance between the cement enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. Additional structural parameters, such as the bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and the periodontal ligament space volume, were measured. Histological analyses were performed to visualize the catabolic changes at the defect site.ResultsHealthy Faslgld mice were found to have more periodontal bone than their WT littermates. Faslgld had no significant effect on inflammatory osteolysis compared to WT controls with ligatures. Histology revealed eroded surfaces at the root and in the inter‐proximal bone in both strains.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that FasL is a catabolic factor in alveolar bone homeostasis but it does not affect the inflammatory osteolysis.
Numerical modeling of heating tomato pulp in continuous flow microwave‐assisted thermal processing: Estimation of quality parameters
Authors: Teleken Jhony T. , Dutra Anderson C. , Laurindo João B. , Carciofi Bruno A. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContinuous thermal treatment of tomato pulp aims for microbial and enzyme inactivation with minimal quality degradation. The objective of this work was to model the thermal treatment of tomato pulp flowing continuously inside a microwave cavity and a holding tube. The three‐dimensional model considers the Navier–Stokes, thermal energy conservation, Fourier's law of heat conduction, and Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism. The tomato pulp was pseudoplastic, and the phase change during heating was considered using an equivalent specific heat capacity. The model calculated the effect of diameter of the applicator tube (Dt), volumetric flow rate (), and processing temperature () on Bacillus coagulans inactivation, lycopene and color degradation, and furan formation for a thermal treatment sufficient to reduce six logarithmic cycles of the spoilage microorganism. The results revealed that tomato pulp flowing in a tube with 38 mm diameter absorbed 98% of the electromagnetic power input. However, in terms of the food nutritional and sensory quality attributes, the better design parameter was the microwave system operating with a 42 mm diameter tube. Furthermore, the tomato pulp quality also was improved when the processing temperature increased from 100°C to 120°C (reduction of 77% of furan, and reduction of 88% and 90% of lycopene and color degradation, respectively), and in this process condition, the effect of the tube diameter on the quality attributes ceased to be important.Practical applicationsThis work presented a numerical simulation‐based study to enhance the microwave‐assisted thermal processing design for liquid foods. The mathematical tool developed here allows a detailed evaluation of the electromagnetic power dissipation and temperature profiles in the tomato pulp and how these parameters affect microbial inactivation and the food's nutritional and sensory quality attributes. These results contribute to understanding the microwave heating system and guide microwave equipment manufacturers. Furthermore, the model can be useful for optimizing and controlling microwave‐assisted pasteurization/sterilization processes.
Explaining Monetary Spillovers: The Matrix Reloaded
Authors: KEARNS JONATHAN , SCHRIMPF ANDREAS , XIA FAN DORA 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper relies on a high‐frequency identification approach to provide new insights into monetary policy spillovers by major central banks. Our long and broad sample (1999–2019, from four major economies to 47 advanced and emerging market economies) allows us to accurately identify the properties of spillovers and to shed light on different transmission channels. We find that spillovers by the Fed to foreign interest rates are economically large, but more surprisingly, document an intensification of spillovers by the European Central Bank over time. Spillovers are more significant to bond yields in advanced economies than they are to those in emerging markets. Differentiating across key spillover channels, we find strongest support for a financial links channel, but weaker evidence for the macroeconomic links channel and foreign exchange regime channel.