bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equity Considerations in COVID‐19 Vaccination Studies of Individuals With Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Wang Harry , Dewidar Omar , Whittle Samuel L. , Ghogomu Elizabeth , Hazlewood Glen , Leder Karin , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Pardo Pardo Jordi , Robinson Philip C. , Buchbinder Rachelle , Welch Vivian 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveWe sought to examine the extent to which populations experiencing inequities were considered in studies of COVID‐19 vaccination in individuals with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIRDs).MethodsWe included all studies (n = 19) from an ongoing Cochrane living systematic review on COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with AIRDs. We used the PROGRESS‐Plus framework (place of residence, race/ethnicity, occupation, gender/sex, religion, education, socioeconomic status, and social capital, plus: age, multimorbidity, and health literacy) to identify factors that stratify health outcomes. We assessed equity considerations in relation to differences in COVID‐19 baseline risk, eligibility criteria, and description of participant characteristics and attrition, controlling for confounding factors, subgroup analyses, and applicability of findings.ResultsAll 19 studies were cohort studies that followed individuals with AIRDs after vaccination. Three studies (16%) described differences in baseline risk for COVID‐19 across age. Two studies (11%) defined eligibility criteria based on occupation and age. All 19 studies described participant age and sex. Twelve studies (67%) controlled for age and/or sex as confounders. Eight studies (47%) conducted subgroup analyses across at least 1 PROGRESS‐Plus factor, most commonly age. Ten studies (53%) interpreted applicability in relation to at least 1 PROGRESS‐Plus factor, most commonly age (47%), then ethnicity (16%), sex (16%), and multimorbidity (11%).ConclusionSex and age were the most frequently considered PROGRESS‐Plus factors in studies of COVID‐19 vaccination in individuals with AIRDs. The generalizability of evidence to populations experiencing inequities is uncertain. Future COVID‐19 vaccine studies should report participant characteristics in more detail to inform guideline recommendations.
CD4+ Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes in Cancer Immunity and Immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Boyu , Hu Shaojie , Fu Xiangning , Li Lequn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCD4+ T cells have the ability to differentiate into relatively specialized effector subsets after exposure to innate immune signals. The remarkable plasticity of CD4+ T cells is required to achieve immune responses in different tissues and against various pathogens. Numerous studies have shown that CD4+ T cells can play direct and indispensable roles in protective immunity by killing infected or transformed cells. Although the lineage decision of commitment to the CD4+ or CD8+ cell lineage is once thought to be inflexible, the identification of antigen‐experienced CD4+ T cells with cytotoxic activity suggests the existence of unexpected plasticity for these cells. The recognition of CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and the mechanisms driving the differentiation of this particular cell subset create opportunities to explore the roles of these effector cells in protective immunity and immune‐related pathology. CD4+ CTLs are proven to play a protective role in antiviral immunity. Here, the latest investigations on the phenotypic and functional features of CD4+ CTLs and their roles in antitumor immunity and immunotherapy are briefly reviewed.
A Perovskite Photodetector Crossbar Array by Vapor Deposition for Dynamic Imaging
Authors: Zhan Zhenye , Lin Dongxu , Cai Juntao , Lu Yueheng , Chen Aidi , Zhang Tiankai , Chen Ke , Liu Pengyi , Wang Xiaomu , Xie Weiguang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the development of perovskite photodetectors, integrating photodetectors into array image sensors is the next target to pursue. The major obstacle to integrating perovskite photodiodes for dynamic imaging is the optoelectrical crosstalk among the pixels. Herein, a perovskite photodiode–blocking diode (PIN‐BD) crossbar array with pixel‐wise rectifying property by the vapor deposition method is presented. The PIN‐BD shows a large rectification ratio of 3.3 × 102 under illumination, suppressing electrical crosstalk to as small as 8.0% in the imaging array. The fast response time of 72.8 ns allows real‐time image acquisition by over 25 frames per second. The imaging sensor exhibits excellent imaging capability with a large linear dynamic range of 112 dB with 4096 gray levels and weak light sensitivity under 1.2 lux.
Nanolaminated HfO2/Al2O3 Dielectrics for High‐Performance Silicon Nanomembrane Based Field‐Effect Transistors on Biodegradable Substrates
Authors: Liu Chen , Wang Zhuofan , Zhang Yuming , Lü Hongliang , Zhang Yi‐Men 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEmerging transient electronics offer great potential in eco‐friendly and bioresorbable electronic applications. In this study, bendable and biodegradable metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs) and metal‐oxide‐semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs) have been fabricated by integrating HfO2/Al2O3 high‐k bilayers on the transferred silicon nanomembranes (Si NMs) and utilizing PLGA‐gelatin‐chitosan polymeric substrates. The transient n‐channel MOSFETs demonstrate high effective mobility of 871 cm2 V−1 s−1, high on‐state current of 27.6 µA µm−1, high on/off current ratio > 107, and low gate leakage current ≤2.7 × 10−7 A cm−2. The accumulation capacitance of the transient MOSCAPs exceeds 6.5 × 10−7 F cm−2, indicating an enhanced gate control over the Si NM channel. The presented excellent performance is on par with the highest performance of the reported transient devices. Accelerated soaking tests in aqueous environments combined with systematic studies of the electrical characteristics as a function of the transience stage reveal the dissolution chemistry and kinetics of the biodegradable devices associated with the underlying transient behaviors. Moreover, detailed analysis of mechanics provides insights into the optimized device‐grade geometries for precise control of the functional lifetimes. These results will be beneficial to paving a realistic path for achieving high‐performance and on‐demand water‐soluble Si NM based MOSFETs toward futuristic applications in disposable electronics and temporary biomedical implants.
Adjusting the N fertilizer factor based on soil health as indicated by soil‐test biological activity
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J. , Shoemaker Robert , Cline Jeff , Lipscomb Bruce , Stafford Carl , Farmaha Bhupinder S. , Waring Robert , Lowder Nathan , Thomason Wade E. , Poore Matt H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAgriculture faces a dilemma with nitrogen (N)—it is often the most necessary external input to optimize production, several generations of farmers became accustomed to its relatively inexpensive cost, and it contributes to widespread pollution due to numerous loss pathways to the environment. However, standard N fertilizer recommendations have not accounted well enough for a key source via mineralizable soil N. Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) is strongly associated with mineralizable soil N, both of which become surface‐enriched with conservation agricultural management using soil health principles. A series of field experiments assessed the contribution of mineralizable soil N to the N supply needed to optimize corn (Zea mays L.) grain and fall‐stockpiled tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] production. This essay synthesizes how STBA along with cost‐to‐value threshold can be used to modify the N fertilizer factor to optimize economic return and avoid environmental degradation.
RNAlater facilitates remote sampling of aquaculture Atlantic salmon liver for proteomic analysis
Authors: Rusu Anca G. , Broadbent James A. , Wade Nicholas M. , Simon Cedric J. , Rombenso Artur N. , Osborne Simone A. , Mendoza‐Porras Omar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring sample collection and transport, high‐quality nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites are preserved by snap‐freezing (SF) samples in liquid nitrogen or dry ice. In remote aquaculture facilities, SF materials are not readily available and can be hazardous during sampling and transport. RNAlater is widely used in aquaculture for transcriptome studies, but its effect on proteome stability needs further investigation. Here, we used proteomics to demonstrate that RNAlater (RL) preserved liver samples similarly to SF samples. Additionally, 69 proteins (∼2.6%) comprising ribosomal proteins, transcription cofactors, translational factors, proteases and transmembrane proteins were significantly less abundant in the RL proteome. These proteins are expected to be denatured by RL and are cellular components of ribosomes and nucleosomes and involved in proteolysis, transcription and translation. We also demonstrated that RL did not influence abundance of important proteins originally identified in liver samples from salmon reared under heat stress, hypoxia or specific feeding regimes. These findings suggest that preserving samples in RL is suitable for proteomics and offer a safer and effective preservation technology for use in remote aquaculture locations.
Twin neural network regression
Authors: Wetzel Sebastian Johann , Ryczko Kevin , Melko Roger Gordon , Tamblyn Isaac 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe introduce twin neural network regression (TNNR). This method predicts differences between the target values of two different data points rather than the targets themselves. The solution of a traditional regression problem is then obtained by averaging over an ensemble of all predicted differences between the targets of an unseen data point and all training data points. Whereas ensembles are normally costly to produce, TNNR intrinsically creates an ensemble of predictions of twice the size of the training set while only training a single neural network. Since ensembles have been shown to be more accurate than single models this property naturally transfers to TNNR. We show that TNNs are able to compete or yield more accurate predictions for different data sets, compared with other state‐of‐the‐art methods. Furthermore, TNNR is constrained by self‐consistency conditions. We find that the violation of these conditions provides a signal for the prediction uncertainty.
Realizing All‐Climate Li‐S Batteries by Using a Porous Sub‐Nano Aromatic Framework
Authors: Xu Jie , Zhang Hui , Yu Fengtao , Cao Yongjie , Liao Mochou , Dong Xiaoli , Wang Yonggang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries with high energy density are currently receiving enormous attention. However, their redox kinetics at low temperature is extremely tardy, and polysulfides shuttling is serious at high temperature, which severely hinders the implementation of wide‐temperature Li‐S batteries. Herein, we propose an all‐climate Li‐S battery based on an ether‐based electrolyte by using a porous sub‐nano aromatic framework (SAF) modified separator. It's demonstrated that the fully conjugated SAF‐3 with a small pore size (0.97 nm) and narrow band gap (1.72 eV) could efficiently block the polysulfides shuttling at elevated temperature and boost the polysulfides conversion at low temperature. Consequently, the SAF‐3 modified cells work well in a wide temperature ranging from −40 to 60 °C. Furthermore, when operated at room temperature, the modified cell exhibits 90 % capacity retention over 100 cycles under high‐sulfur loading (5.0 mg cm−2) and lean electrolyte (5 μL mg−1).
Local Proton Source Enhanced Nitrogen Reduction on a Combined Cobalt‐Molybdenum Catalyst for Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Chung Sunki , Ju HyungKuk , Choi Minjun , Yoon Donghyun , Lee Jaeyoung 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) under ambient conditions has attracted considerable scientific and engineering interest as a green alternative route for NH3 production. Molybdenum is a promising candidate as an electrocatalyst for NRR as it has a suitable binding strength with N species. However, the design of an efficient Mo‐based catalyst remains elusive. To enhance the selectivity of NRR toward NH3, we have developed a carbon nanofiber catalyst embedded with molybdenum and cobalt (Co−Mo−CNF). Co with a strong ability to dissociate water enhances local proton source near Mo, where the hydrogenation step of the NRR occurs. A NH3 formation rate of 72.72 μg h−1 mg−1 and a Faradaic efficiency of 34.5 % were obtained at −0.5 V vs. RHE. We also attempted to provide a mechanistic understanding of the NRR via in situ attenuated total reflectance surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR‐SEIRAS) and isotopic labeling experiments using 15N2 and D2O.
Charge‐Transfer und Spin‐Flip‐Zustände als sich ergänzende Gegensätze
Authors: Kitzmann Winald R. , Heinze Katja 
Published: October 2022

AbstractÜbergangsmetallkomplexe mit photoaktiven Charge‐Transfer‐Zuständen sind in der Literatur allgegenwärtig. Insbesondere [Ru(bpy)3]2+(bpy=2,2′‐Bipyridin) mit seiner Metall‐zu‐Ligand‐Charge‐Transfer‐Emission hat sich als Schlüsselkomplex etabliert. Indes ist auch das Interesse an metallzentrierten Spin‐Flip‐Zuständen gestiegen, nachdem der molekulare Rubin [Cr(ddpd)2]3+(ddpd=N,N′‐Dimethyl‐N,N′‐dipyridin‐2‐yl‐pyridin‐2,6‐diamin) Designprinzipien für intensive Emission von photostabilen Chrom(III)‐Komplexen enthüllt hat. In diesem Aufsatz werden die Eigenschaften von emissiven Charge‐Transfer‐ und Spin‐Flip‐Zuständen anhand der Prototypen [Ru(bpy)3]2+bzw. [Cr(ddpd)2]3+verglichen. Wir erörtern die angeregten Zustände, die Anpassbarkeit ihrer Energie und Lebensdauer sowie ihre Reaktion auf externe Stimuli. Schließlich werden die Stärken und Schwächen von Charge‐Transfer‐ und Spin‐Flip‐Zuständen in Anwendungen wie Photokatalyse und zirkular polarisierter Lumineszenz aufgezeigt.
Ln2(SeO3)2(SO4)(H2O)2 (Ln=Sm, Dy, Yb): A Mixed‐Ligand Pathway to New Lanthanide(III) Multifunctional Materials Featuring Nonlinear Optical and Magnetic Anisotropy Properties
Authors: Oyeka Ebube E. , Winiarski Michał J. , Świątek Hanna , Balliew Wyatt , McMillen Colin D. , Liang Mingli , Sorolla Maurice , Tran Thao T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBottom‐up assembly of optically nonlinear and magnetically anisotropic lanthanide materials involving precisely placed spin carriers and optimized metal‐ligand coordination offers a potential route to developing electronic architectures for coherent radiation generation and spin‐based technologies, but the chemical design historically has been extremely hard to achieve. To address this, we developed a worthwhile avenue for creating new noncentrosymmetric chiral Ln3+ materials Ln2(SeO3)2(SO4)(H2O)2 (Ln=Sm, Dy, Yb) by mixed‐ligand design. The materials exhibit phase‐matching nonlinear optical responses, elucidating the feasibility of the heteroanionic strategy. Ln2(SeO3)2(SO4)(H2O)2 displays paramagnetic property with strong magnetic anisotropy facilitated by large spin‐orbit coupling. This study demonstrates a new chemical pathway for creating previously unknown polar chiral magnets with multiple functionalities.
Preparation and chromatographic application of β‐cyclodextrin modified poly (styrene‐divinylbenzene) microspheres
Authors: Wang Yue , Fang Zhipeng , Ahmed Adeel , Wang Qiubo , Cong Hailin , Shen Youqing , Yu Bing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn order to better realize the separation of chiral enantiomers and prevent chiral compounds with toxic side effects from causing harm to human beings, porous microspheres were modified to improve their chromatographic separation performance. In this paper, in order to verify the chromatographic performance of porous polymer microspheres, the precise and controllable synthesis of poly (styrene‐divinylbenzene) (PS‐DVB) microspheres was realized based on the two‐step swelling method. Then, the porous PS‐DVB microspheres were sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid. The sulfonated microspheres were grafted with diazo resin (DR), and then the 3,5‐dichlorobenzene isocyanate modified β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD‐DCIPI) was bonded to the sulfonated PS‐DVB microspheres by the DR. Finally, the bond inversion occurred after UV irradiation. We have successfully solved the toxic effect of traditional coupling agents by using the unique photo‐crosslinking reaction of DR. This novel and environmentally friendly chromatographic packing can be used to separate chiral compounds. The results showed that all of the eight compounds (chlorpheniramine; ibuprofen; benzoin; 2‐phenylcyclohexanone; trans‐stilbene oxide; Cobalt [III] acetylacetonate; Hesperetin; DL‐Mandelic acid) can be separated. It is worth noting that the modified microspheres can achieve good separation of chiral compounds with the concentration of 1 mg/ml in 3 min.
An Update on the County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund
Authors: Coulon Kelly , Macdonald Maggie 
Published: October 2022

Key TakeawaysA 2020 court case was pivotal in further determining how to regulate pollutant discharges to groundwater and subsequently to waters of the United States (WOTUS).Subsequent cases have added uncertainty to the very definition of WOTUS and what is required of water and wastewater treatment facilities to be in compliance.Facilities would be wise to stay current on WOTUS‐related developments and consider conducting a “functional equivalence” analysis.
Pulmonary valve morphometry revisited: Clinical implications for valvular and supravalvular interventions
Authors: Lis Maciej , Krawczyk‐Ożóg Agata , Hołda Jakub , Tyrak Kamil , Dudkiewicz Damian , Yakovliev Artem , Strona Marcin , Bolechała Filip , Jakiel Rafał , Jakiel Marcin , Hołda Mateusz K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this cadaver‐based study, we aimed to present a novel approach to pulmonary valve (PV) anatomy, morphometry, and geometry to offer comprehensive information on PV structure. The 182 autopsied human hearts were investigated morphometrically. The largest PV area was seen for the coaptation center plane, followed by basal ring and the tubular plane (626.7 ± 191.7 mm2 vs. 433.9 ± 133.6 mm2 vs. 290.0 ± 110.1 mm2, p < 0.001). In all leaflets, fenestrations are noted and occur in 12.5% of PVs. Only in 31.3% of PVs, the coaptation center is located in close vicinity of the PV geometric center. Similar‐sized sinuses were found in 35.7% of hearts, in the remaining cases, significant heterogeneity was seen in size. The mean sinus depth was: left anterior 15.59 ± 2.91 mm, posterior: 16.04 ± 2.82 mm and right anterior sinus: 16.21 ± 2.81 mm and the mean sinus height: left anterior 15.24 ± 3.10 mm, posterior: 19.12 ± 3.79 mm and right anterior sinus: 18.59 ± 4.03 mm. For males, the mean pulmonary root perimeters and areas were significantly larger than those for females. Multiple forward stepwise regression model showed that anthropometric variables might predict the coaptation center plane (sex, age, and heart weight; R2 = 33.8%), tubular plane (sex, age, and BSA; R2 = 20.5%) and basal ring level area (heart weight and sex; R2 = 17.1%). In conclusion, the largest pulmonary root area is observed at the coaptation center plane, followed by the basal ring and tubular plane. The PV geometric center usually does not overlap valve coaptation center. Significant heterogeneity is observed in the size of sinuses and leaflets within and between valves. Anthropometric variables may be used to predict pulmonary root dimensions.
Fabrication and Functionalisation of Nanocarbon‐Based Field‐Effect Transistor Biosensors
Authors: Lee Chang‐Seuk , Gwyther Rebecca E. A. , Freeley Mark , Jones Dafydd , Palma Matteo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNanocarbon‐based field‐effect transistor (NC‐FET) biosensors are at the forefront of future diagnostic technology. By integrating biological molecules with electrically conducting carbon‐based platforms, high sensitivity real‐time multiplexed sensing is possible. Combined with their small footprint, portability, ease of use, and label‐free sensing mechanisms, NC‐FETs are prime candidates for the rapidly expanding areas of point‐of‐care testing, environmental monitoring and biosensing as a whole. In this review we provide an overview of the basic operational mechanisms behind NC‐FETs, synthesis and fabrication of FET devices, and developments in functionalisation strategies for biosensing applications.
Zoledronate promotes osteoblast differentiation in high‐glucose conditions via the p38MAPK pathway
Authors: Gu Yingying , Hou Tian , Qin Yazhi , Dong Wei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractZoledronate (ZOL) were found to inhibit bone resorption in an animal model of diabetes, high glucose concentrations have been shown to decreased the osteogenesis‐related gene expression. But the molecular mechanism by which high glucose levels affect osteoblasts and the effects of ZOL on osteoblast differentiation in a high‐glucose environment remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of ZOL on osteoblast differentiation in a high‐glucose environment and determine the responsible mechanism. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay, and cell differentiation was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining for alkaline phosphatase expression, alizarin red staining, cytoskeletal arrangement, and actin fiber formation. Real‐time PCR and western blot analyses were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of p38MAPK, phosphorylated (p)‐p38MAPK, CREB, p‐CREB, collagen (COL) I, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and RANKL. The results showed that cell proliferation activity did not differ among the groups. But high glucose inhibited osteoblast differentiation; actin fiber formation; and p38MAPK, p‐p38MAPK, CREB, p‐CREB, COL I, and OPG expression, while promoting RANKL expression. However, we found that treatment with ZOL reversed these effects of high glucose. And further addition of a p38MAPK inhibitor led to inhibition of osteoblast differentiation and actin fiber formation, and lower p38MAPK, p‐p38MAPK, CREB, p‐CREB, COL I, and OPG expression than in the high glucose +ZOL group with higher RANKL expression than in the high glucose +ZOL group. Collectively, this study demonstrates that high glucose inhibits the differentiation of osteoblasts, and ZOL could partly overcome these effects by regulating p38MAPK pathway activity.
Hodgkin's variant of Richter transformation during ibrutinib therapy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Afonso Carolina , Gomes Marília , Pereira Marta Isabel , Faria Carlos , Pina Raquel , Saraiva Tiago , Geraldes Catarina , Carda José Pedro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHodgkin's variant of Richter transformation is a rare complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is associated with inferior outcomes compared to de novo Hodgkin lymphoma. Further data concerning prognosis and treatment of Hodgkin's variant of Richter transformation occurring in the setting of novel targeted therapies are needed.
Left main and two vessels calcified coronary aneurysms presented as out of hospital cardiac arrest in young patient
Authors: Al Khodari Khaled , Tahtouh Raad Alhaj , Arabi Abdulrahman , Al Khodari Mouaz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA 37‐year‐old patient was admitted secondary to ventricular fibrillation induced out of hospital cardiac arrest. Coronary angiogram revealed left main, left anterior descending, and right coronary arteries aneurysms. The patient underwent bypass surgery with four grafts. Ejection fraction improved from 30% upon admission to 45% at 3 months of follow‐up.