bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Prophylactic Use of Postcesarean Section Laxatives Favor Bowel Movements?
Authors: Corrêa Neto Isaac José Felippe , Pizzo Juliana Lazzarini , Robles Amanda Gambi , Mauri Leonardo , Robles Laercio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Chronic constipation (CC) is a highly prevalent disease in Western society. Chronic constipation can have a different etiology in patients who underwent a cesarean section and result from postoperative stress and metabolic response to trauma, analgesic agents, immobilization, and dietary restrictions. Chronic constipation may also occur due to puerperium-related psychological changes and to the stretching and weakening of the perineal and abdominal muscles after childbirth.
Objectives The present study analyzes intestinal transit restoration after a cesarean section and the influence of osmotic laxative agents.
Methods The present prospective, nonrandomized sample study used the ROME III questionnaire and the Bristol stool scale in adult women who underwent a cesarean section. We divided the subjects into 2 groups, each with 30 patients, to compare the effect of the prophylactic administration of an osmotic laxative.
Results We evaluated 60 randomly-chosen pregnant women from the Obstetrics ward of Hospital Santa Marcelina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, from October 2019 to March 2020. Their mean age was 26.8 years old, and the mean gestation time was 37.95 weeks. Ten patients (16.7%) presented with constipation before the cesarean section, and 38 (63.3%) had a bowel movement after the procedure. However, in 84.2% of these patients, the usual stool consistency worsened. After the cesarean section, 46.7% of the women who did not receive laxative agents had a bowel movement, compared with 80% of those who did (p = 0.0074).
Conclusion Some factors, including those related to the procedure, may hamper intestinal transit restoration after a cesarean section. Osmotic laxative agents can facilitate transit restoration with no negative effects in this group of patients.
Doppler Ultrasound Testing Suggests Hemorrhoids in Females may be a Consequence of Impaired Blood Flow Associated with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Enache Traian , Soare Diana Elena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background It has been observed that there is a high incidence of hemorrhoids in female patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Also, in these patients, hemorrhoidal disease improves after the surgical correction of the pelvic organ prolapse.
Objective Our hypothesis was that a cause-effect relationship between pelvic organ prolapse, and hemorrhoids might be the key. The objective of this study was to find an element which connects these two conditions.
Study Design We conducted a pilot study which consisted of two parts. An initial part, in which we asked several patients with grades III and IV pelvic organ prolapse and hemorrhoids, who have undergone surgery for prolapse, to determine the impact of the surgical restoration of the prolapsed organs on their hemorrhoidal disease. For the second part, on several patients with uncorrected uterine prolapse grades III and IV, we determined the resistive index of the hemorrhoidal branches within the rectal wall before and after manual reduction of the prolapse.
Results First, more than 50% of patients who underwent uterine prolapse correction described an improvement of their hemorrhoidal disease of over 50%. Second, the resistive index of the hemorrhoidal branches was significantly lower after manual reduction of the prolapse. We consider that obstructed veins due to pelvic organ prolapse might induce the dilation of the hemorrhoids. The direct measurement of the resistive index of the hemorrhoidal branches allows us to directly assess the increased resistance in the rectal vascular system.
Conclusion Venous stasis and impaired vascular flow might be the pathophysiological explanation for the association between pelvic organ prolapse and hemorrhoids. In these patients, the pathogenic treatment should aim at the restoration of a normal blood flow (prolapse surgical cure) instead of focusing on hemorrhoids only.
A re-examination of the growth of the gummy shark (
Authors: Campbell Matthew J. , Rigby Cassandra L. 
Published: July 2022

The gummy shark (Mustelus antarcticus) is endemic to Australia and is the target of commercial fisheries in southern Australia. However, the Queensland population is subjected to low levels of fishing mortality. The present study re-analysed a limited length-at-age dataset collected from central Queensland to estimate growth parameters in a Bayesian framework, with informative priors for size-at-birth and maximum size. Growth parameters were estimated using a multi-model approach. This study showed that M. antarcticus caught in Queensland exhibits slow growth compared with conspecifics in southern Australia, and females grow slower and larger than do males. The combined length-at-age data for males and females was best described by the von Bertalanffy growth function and the growth parameters were L∞ = 1852 mm (total length, TL), L0 = 261 mm TL and k = 0.044 year−1 for males and females combined. The ‘BayesGrowth’ R package offers a simple method to minimise bias in the estimation of growth parameters from a limited length-at-age dataset in a Bayesian framework.
Multiband acoustic topological metamaterials with valley-switchable higher-order corner states
Authors: Dong Yibao , Wang Yuanbo , Shi Jianbing , Zhai Shilong , Ding Changlin , Zhao Xiaopeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Topological insulators have become a hot research area in the field of acoustics in recent years, particularly the recently-appearing higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) that support low-dimensional corner states. However, most HOTIs reported are implemented in tetragonal lattices, and only support single-frequency operation, which enables the higher-order states to be fixed at specific corners and at specific frequencies, lacking the multiband response and flexibility of switching. Herein, the experimental realization of flexibly valley-switchable topological corner states in multiple frequency bands with acoustic metamaterials in the triangular lattice are reported in a 2D system. The designed topological metamaterials, whose second-order topology is characterized by nontrivial bulk polarization, exhibit diverse topological valley-switchability in different bandgaps, as verified by simulation and experiments. Furthermore, an arbitrary structure containing complex patterns with various crossing angles is designed and experimentally implemented, where selected corners can be switched on or off by valley switching, and the switching modes are distinct in different bandgaps. The reported valley topological metamaterials enrich the fundamental understanding of the interaction between multiband higher-order topology and valley degrees of freedom, which inspire potential applications for multiband communication devices and integrated acoustics and photonics.
Numerical investigation of transient thermal behaviour of fully wet and porous moving semi-spherical fin
Authors: Keerthi M L , Gireesha B J , Sowmya G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A variety of engineering applications demand efficient and adaptable fin structures for the intensification of heat exchange. The semi-spherical fin structures are useful in the field of refrigeration, chemical processing systems, aerospace etc. In this regard, the present article numerically investigates the transient thermal behaviour of a fully wet semi-spherical fin. The study incorporates the Darcy model as the fin is made up of porous material. Further, the fin is exposed to convective-radiative heat exchange and is subject to uniform motion. The heat balance equation has been reduced to get a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) which is computed by employing the finite difference method (FDM). The dimensionless terms are grouped together and their influence on the temperature distribution in a semi-spherical fin is studied. Also, the instantaneous heat transfer rate and the transient fin efficiency have been modelled and their variations with relevant parameters have been graphically depicted. And these are found be strong functions of Peclet number, wet porous nature and dimensionless time. As a main outcome the semi-spherical fin efficiency is positively influenced by the Peclet number. Along with the fundamental point of interest the results presented benefit the fin designing purposes.
Biological characterization of the zinc-modified hydroxyapatite coated by a pulsed laser deposition method
Authors: Kashi Nooshin , Momeni Mahdi , Hamidinezhad Habib 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pure Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and Zn-HA nanoparticles were successfully deposited on steel substrates, and laser ablation was performed by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique using an Nd: YAG laser (λ = 532 nm, τ = 12 ns). The bioactivity of the thin film was investigated by its immersing in a simulated body fluid solution of pH 7.4 at 37 °C for incubation of 14 days. The growth of the apatite layer after immersion was studied. The analysis showed the formation of needle-like crystals after immersion in solution. Wettability angles decreased for the HA coating after post-deposition compared to pure HA coatings at room temperature and ion substitutions in bioceramics lead to wettability modification. The findings confirm that Zn doping with different concentrations improved antibacterial activity. The results demonstrate that coating the surface with bioactive materials modified with metal ions, yields good biological responses, and varied compositions differentially affect the water contact angles as well as HA layer growth.
CFTs blueshift tensor fluctuations universally
Authors: Baumgart Matthew , Heckman Jonathan J. , Thomas Logan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The strong constraints of conformal symmetry cause any
nearly-conformal sector to blueshift tensor fluctuations in
cosmology. Hidden sectors with approximate conformal symmetry,
which may be quite large, are a well-motivated extension of physics
beyond the Standard Models of particle physics and cosmology. They
can therefore lead to a detectable shift in the tensor tilt for
next-generation CMB and gravitational wave experiments. We compute
the leading-order contribution to the in-in graviton two-point
function from virtual loops in such sectors to demonstrate this
universal effect. In units where a single conformally-coupled scalar
is 1, limits from Stage-IV CMB experiments could bound the size of
this extra sector to be smaller than ∼1015, under a
plausible calculational assumption backed by a simple power counting
argument. This would be sufficient to rule out N-Naturalness as a
complete resolution of the hierarchy problem.
Energy fluctuations in one dimensional Zhang sandpile model
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Singh Suram , Yadav Avinash Chand 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We consider the Zhang sandpile model in one-dimension (1D) with locally conservative (or dissipative) dynamics and examine its total energy fluctuations at the external drive time scale. The bulk-driven system leads to Lorentzian spectra, with a cutoff time T growing linearly with the system size L. The fluctuations show 1/f

α
behavior with α ∼ 1 for the boundary drive, and the cutoff time varies non-linearly. For conservative local dynamics, the cutoff time shows a power-law growth T ∼ L

λ
that differs from an exponential form ∼exp(μL) observed for the nonconservative case. We suggest that the local dissipation is not a necessary ingredient of the system in 1D to get the 1/f noise, and the cutoff time can reveal the distinct nature of the local dynamics. We also discuss the energy fluctuations for locally nonconservative dynamics with random dissipation.
Development of a 127Xe calibration source for nEXO
Authors: Lenardo B.G. , Hardy C.A. , Tsang R.H.M. , Nzobadila Ondze J.C. , Piepke A. , Triambak S. , Jamil A. , Adhikari G. , Al Kharusi S. , Angelico E. , Arnquist I.J. , Belov V. , Bernard E.P. , Bhat A. , Bhatta T. , Bolotnikov A. , Breur P.A. , Brodsky J.P. , Brown E. , Brunner T. , Caden E. , Cao G.F. , Cao L. , Chana B. , Charlebois S.A. , Chernyak D. , Chiu M. , Cohen J.R. , Collister R. , Dalmasson J. , Daniels T. , Darroch L. , DeVoe R. , di Vacri M.L. , Ding Y.Y. , Dolinski M.J. , Echevers J. , Eckert B. , Elbeltagi M. , Fabris L. , Fairbank D. , Fairbank W. , Farine J. , Fu Y.S. , Gallina G. , Gautam P. , Giacomini G. , Gillis W. , Gingras C. , Gornea R. , Gratta G. , Harouaka K. , Heffner M. , Hein E. , Hößl J. , House A. , Iverson A. , Jiang X.S. , Karelin A. , Kaufman L.J. , Krücken R. , Kuchenkov A. , Kumar K.S. , Larson A. , Leach K.G. , Leonard D.S. , Li G. , Li S. , Li Z. , Licciardi C. , Lindsay R. , MacLellan R. , Masbou J. , McMichael K. , Medina Peregrina M. , Mong B. , Moore D.C. , Murray K. , Nattress J. , Natzke C.R. , Ngwadla X.E. , Ni K. , Ning Z. , Orrell J.L. , Ortega G.S. , Ostrovskiy I. , Overman C.T. , Perna A. , Pinto Franco T. , Pocar A. , Pratte J.F. , Priel N. , Raguzin E. , Ramonnye G.J. , Rasiwala H. , Raymond K. , Richardson G. , Richman M. , Ringuette J. , Rowson P.C. , Saldanha R. , Sangiorgio S. , Shang X. , Soma A.K. , Spadoni F. , Stekhanov V. , Sun X.L. , Thibado S. , Tidball A. , Todd J. , Totev T. , Tyuka O.A. , Vachon F. , Veeraraghavan V. , Viel S. , Wamba K. , Wang Y. , Wang Q. , Wei W. , Wen L.J. , Wichoski U. , Wilde S. , Wu W.H. , Yan W. , Yang L. , Zeldovich O. , Zhao J. , Ziegler T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study a possible calibration technique for the nEXO
experiment using a 127Xe electron capture source. nEXO is a
next-generation search for neutrinoless double beta decay
(0νββ) that will use a 5-tonne, monolithic liquid xenon
time projection chamber (TPC). The xenon, used both as source and
detection medium, will be enriched to 90% in 136Xe. To
optimize the event reconstruction and energy resolution,
calibrations are needed to map the position- and time-dependent
detector response. The 36.3 day half-life of 127Xe and its
small Q-value compared to that of 136Xe 0νββ
would allow a small activity to be maintained continuously in the
detector during normal operations without introducing additional
backgrounds, thereby enabling in-situ calibration and
monitoring of the detector response. In this work we describe a
process for producing the source and preliminary experimental
tests. We then use simulations to project the precision with which
such a source could calibrate spatial corrections to the light and
charge response of the nEXO TPC.
Net negative nutrient yields in a bait-consuming fishery
Authors: Driscoll John , Chan Kai M A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Efforts to achieve sustainable food systems are impeded by inefficiencies associated with the use of agricultural land and resources to grow feed for animals, rather than food for direct consumption by people. In contrast, the unspoken assumption about fisheries, which are a key source of protein and micronutrients, is that they are inherently net-positive producers of food, as they appear to require no intentional inputs of resources that could otherwise be directly consumed by people. However, this assumption may not hold true for all fisheries. One such fishery is the Maine fishery for American lobster (Homarus americanus), which for decades has used substantial amounts of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) as bait in its traps. Here, we evaluate the Maine lobster fishery’s production of a suite of nutrients both before and after consideration of its use of Atlantic herring as bait. Despite several sources of uncertainty, our results indicate that the Maine lobster fishery has likely been a net consumer of multiple nutrients in recent years. This stems from both the scale of herring bait use in the lobster fishery, and from herring’s comparatively high edible biomass yield and nutrient content. To our knowledge, this is the first example of a fishery consuming more nutrients, through bait, than it produces through landings. Identifying and addressing such inefficiencies will ensure that fisheries contribute to sustainable food production.
Long-term changes of water flow, water temperature and heat flux of two largest arctic rivers of European Russia, Northern Dvina and Pechora
Authors: Georgiadi Aleksander G , Groisman Pavel Y 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The phases of long-lasting (more than 10–15 years) increased and decreased water flow, water temperature and heat flux values in the Northern Dvina River and the Pechora River were studied for the observation period from the 1930s to 2020. To distinguish between different phases, statistical homogeneity tests and normalized cumulative deviation curves were used. Generally, the identified phases displayed statistically significant differences between average values of the measured characteristics. During contrasting phases, the general pattern of water temperature during the warm season, water runoff and heat flux in the Northern Dvina and Pechora River Basins differed considerably. The number of the identified phases varied between the studied rivers and ranged from two to four contrasting phases in the Northern Dvina River exceeded those of the Pechora River. Consequently, the duration of the phases also varied quite significantly. The difference in mean values of the hydrological characteristics during the contrasting phases in the Northern Dvina River exceeded those of the Pechora River. The longest phases of increased and decreased heat flux nearly coincide with contrasting periods of water runoff and water temperature. The phases of simultaneous increased or decreased values of all hydrological characteristics were associated with corresponding periods of increased or decreased air temperature (on average for a year and for the open water period) and annual precipitation values. Those long-lasting phases of simultaneously increased or decreased values of river flow, heat flux, and water temperature were associated with changes of the global thermal regime, regional cryosphere variations, and long-term periods of intensification or weakening of the atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic, characterised by variability in macrocirculation indices such as the North Atlantic Oscillation and Scandinavian circulation pattern.
Quantum metrology with a non-linear kicked Mach–Zehnder interferometer
Authors: Müller Sabrina , Braun Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study the sensitivity of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer that contains in addition to the phase shifter a non-linear element. By including both elements in a cavity or a loop that the light transverses many times, a non-linear kicked version of the interferometer arises. We study its sensitivity as function of the phase shift, the kicking strength, the maximally reached average number of photons, and damping due to photon loss for an initial coherent state. We find that for vanishing damping Heisenberg-limited scaling of the sensitivity arises if squeezing dominates the total photon number. For small to moderate damping rates the non-linear kicks can considerably increase the sensitivity as measured by the quantum Fisher information per unit time.
A Short Review on Causes of Sea Level Rise for Climate Monitoring
Authors: Ahmad Affandi Muhammad Luqman , Md Din Ami Hassan , Rasib Abd Wahid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sea level rise has currently become a major issue for climate change. It has globally drawn attention because as time passes, global sea levels will continue to rise at an accelerating rate in the 21st century. It will cause a serious impact on environmental problems such as coastal inundation, salt intrusion, coastal erosion, and other phenomena. These scenarios lead to earth problems in which land and oceans continue shifting due to climate change, posing a threat to the very existence of all living beings in the coming years. As a result, climate monitoring is critical for tracking the change. Therefore, this paper reviews the physical factors that contribute to sea level rise. The main contributors for sea level rises, such as ice melting from land into the ocean, thermal expansion, a slowing of the Gulf Stream, and land sinkage, are being discussed. This paper also emphasises the studies of regional sea level, and sea level rate changes. Finally, this review will be discussed in order to clarify the causes of sea level rise issues for human society.
The empirical approach to strengthen coordinated cadastral database accuracy
Authors: Looi K S , Isahak M F , Hamzah H , Muda N , Lim B W , Supramaniam P , Ghafar W A F , Tan L C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The coordinated cadastral database in Malaysia is known as National Digital Cadastral Database (NDCDB) with an expected accuracy of ±10cm in rural and ±5cm in urban area. Till date, there are approximately 7.8 million land parcels and 22 million boundary markers in the NDCDB for the whole of Peninsular Malaysia and Federal Territory of Labuan covering total area of 132,183 km2. Since 2010, NDCDB block adjustment has been carried out continuously without giving prime concern to eliminate gross errors in the adjustment’s input data. This approach aims to propose a methodology to improve the positional accuracy of the existing NDCDB through utilisation of the current eKadaster application. A comprehensive investigation in the office and field processes has been carried out to prove the efficiency of the methodology introduced. This investigation was focused on the East Coast Rail Link (ECRL) right of way (ROW) survey from Dungun to Besut where displacement of 1 to 6 meters relative to the NDCDB coordinates, as shown in the Land Acquisition (LA) Plan, have been identified. Areas involved are coded as Block T10701, T1100101 and T1100102 which are located in Lubuk Kawah and Pelagat Sub-districts, in the state of Terengganu. Positional accuracy of the NDCDB after adjustment was further verified by comparing the coordinates of randomly picked ground proofing points in the field using Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) observation. This will determine the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the respective NDCDB Block based on actual observations and adjusted coordinate values. With that, it can be concluded that the proposed approach is reasonably practical and capable to improve and strengthen the positional accuracy of existing coordinated cadastral database used in Malaysia.
Determination Asphalt Layer using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)
Authors: Badrul Hisham Anwar Farhan , Razali M Hezri , Idris Ahmad Norhisyam , Ghazali Rosmadi , Ibrahim Naim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of a new instrument in the field survey that has emerge along with the advancement of the world technology. The non-destructive technique (NDT) that was introduced along with the GPR instrument is able to be used in assessing the condition of pavement structure and condition. This data can be used to assess the underground features and thus detect any anomalies and buried features such as cable pipe. The current technique used to assess the pavement structure is very destructive and cost a lot of time to be conducted. This paper is aim to evaluate the performance of GPR in assessing the pavement layer with regards to JKR standard specification. The GPR will be equipped with two different types of frequencies which are 250 MHz and 700 MHz to determine the most suitable frequencies for pavement assessment. The obtain result will then be compared with the specification from JKR in order to evaluate whether the GPR is suitable or not. Based on the result, 700 MHz or higher frequencies are more suitable for pavement layer assessment as it can produce detailed and higher resolution of radargram. The comparison results also determined that the GPR can be used for pavement layer assessment as the measured thickness is within the JKR specification.