bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a chromatographic lateral flow immunoassay for detection of African swine fever virus antigen in blood
Authors: Madden Daniel W. , Sunwoo Sun-Young , Gaudreault Natasha N. , Trujillo Jessie D. , Morozov Igor , Gallardo Carmina , Richt Juergen A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal disease of domestic and wild swine caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV). The disease currently circulates in Africa, Europe, Asia and on the island of Hispaniola. The ongoing epizootics in Europe and Asia have produced millions of animal deaths and severe economic losses. No effective vaccine is available for ASF, making rapid and accurate detection of ASFV essential for disease mitigation strategies. Currently available diagnostics for ASFV possess significant limitations related to assay performance, deployability, and/or turn-around time; therefore there is an unmet need for pen-side diagnostic tests with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. A chromatographic lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed for the detection of ASFV antigen in EDTA-treated whole blood using monoclonal antibodies targeting the viral p30 protein. The assay requires only water to perform and provides results in 25 min, making it well-suited for field use. The LFIA was capable of detecting genotype I and genotype II strains of ASFV in EDTA blood from experimentally infected pigs at varying time-points after infection, though it was unable to detect a genotype X ASFV strain. Diagnostic sensitivity correlated with clinical disease severity, body temperature, and viral DNA levels, and was over 90% in animals showing moderate to severe ASF-related symptoms after challenge with virulent genotype II virus. The LFIA also showed a robust diagnostic specificity of over 98%, which is essential to field testing for a high consequence to foregin animal disease. The LFIA targeting the viral p30 protein can reliably detect ASFV in whole blood from animals showing moderate to severe clinical signs of infection with virulent genotype I and II isolates, making it a promising candidate for use as a field-deployable antigen detection assay. Additional evaluation using field samples and different virus strains is required to further assess the utility of this rapid diagnostic test.
Expert opinion document: “Electrical impedance tomography: applications from the intensive care unit and beyond”
Authors: Rauseo Michela , Spinelli Elena , Sella Nicolò , Slobod Douglas , Spadaro Savino , Longhini Federico , Giarratano Antonino , Gilda Cinnella , Mauri Tommaso , Navalesi Paolo ,   SIAARTI Study Group
Published: June 2022

AbstractMechanical ventilation is a life-saving technology, but it can also inadvertently induce lung injury and increase morbidity and mortality. Currently, there is no easy method of assessing the impact that ventilator settings have on the degree of lung inssflation. Computed tomography (CT), the gold standard for visually monitoring lung function, can provide detailed regional information of the lung. Unfortunately, it necessitates moving critically ill patients to a special diagnostic room and involves exposure to radiation. A technique introduced in the 1980s, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) can non-invasively provide similar monitoring of lung function. However, while CT provides information on the air content, EIT monitors ventilation-related changes of lung volume and changes of end expiratory lung volume (EELV). Over the past several decades, EIT has moved from the research lab to commercially available devices that are used at the bedside. Being complementary to well-established radiological techniques and conventional pulmonary monitoring, EIT can be used to continuously visualize the lung function at the bedside and to instantly assess the effects of therapeutic maneuvers on regional ventilation distribution. EIT provides a means of visualizing the regional distribution of ventilation and changes of lung volume. This ability is particularly useful when therapy changes are intended to achieve a more homogenous gas distribution in mechanically ventilated patients. Besides the unique information provided by EIT, its convenience and safety contribute to the increasing perception expressed by various authors that EIT has the potential to be used as a valuable tool for optimizing PEEP and other ventilator settings, either in the operative room and in the intensive care unit. The effects of various therapeutic interventions and applications on ventilation distribution have already been assessed with the help of EIT, and this document gives an overview of the literature that has been published in this context.
Not Telling Patients Their Cancer Diagnosis in Egypt: Is It Associated With Less Anxiety and Depression and Better Quality of Life?
Authors: Alsirafy Samy A. , Abdel-Aziz Hadeer I. , Abdel-Aal Hesham H. , El-Sherief Wessam A. , Farag Dina E. 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE In many countries, including Egypt, it is still believed that not telling patients their cancer diagnosis is associated with less psychological morbidity. This study was conducted to explore whether not telling Egyptian patients their cancer diagnosis is associated with less anxiety and depression and better quality-of-life (QoL) or not. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in two Egyptian cancer care facilities and included 292 adult patients with cancer of whom 197 (67%) were aware of their diagnosis and 95 (33%) were unaware. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General 7 questionnaire to assess QoL. RESULTS Patients unaware of their cancer diagnosis were significantly more likely to be less educated, with no family history of cancer, interviewed within 6 months of cancer diagnosis, diagnosed with a cancer other than breast and colorectal cancer, in a poorer performance status, and with no history of anticancer treatment. There was no significant difference between unaware and aware patients in the scores of HADS-Anxiety (median [interquartile range (IQR)] = 6 [3-11] and 7 [4-11], P = .203), HADS-Depression (median [IQR] = 8 [4-12] and 8 [4-11], P = .64), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General 7 (median [IQR] = 16 [12-20] and 16 [11-21], P = .754). In multiple regression analysis with adjustment, diagnosis unawareness did not associate significantly with anxiety, depression, and QoL ( P = .394, .662, and .845, respectively). CONCLUSION The results of the current study confirm that not telling adult patients their cancer diagnosis is not associated with less anxiety and depression nor better QoL.
Management of Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: ASCO Guideline
Authors: Rathmell W. Kimryn , Rumble R. Bryan , Van Veldhuizen Peter J. , Al-Ahmadie Hikmat , Emamekhoo Hamid , Hauke Ralph J. , Louie Alexander V. , Milowsky Matthew I. , Molina Ana M. , Rose Tracy L. , Siva Shankar , Zaorsky Nicholas G. , Zhang Tian , Qamar Rubina , Kungel Terry M. , Lewis Bryan , Singer Eric A. 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSETo provide recommendations for the management of patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).METHODSAn Expert Panel conducted a systematic literature review to obtain evidence to guide treatment recommendations.RESULTSThe panel considered peer-reviewed reports published in English.RECOMMENDATIONSThe diagnosis of metastatic ccRCC should be made using tissue biopsy of the primary tumor or a metastatic site with the inclusion of markers and/or stains to support the diagnosis. The International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk criteria should be used to inform treatment. Cytoreductive nephrectomy may be offered to select patients with kidney-in-place and favorable- or intermediate-risk disease. For those who have already had a nephrectomy, an initial period of active surveillance may be offered if they are asymptomatic with a low burden of disease. Patients with favorable-risk disease who need systemic therapy may be offered an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in combination with a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI); patients with intermediate or poor risk should be offered a doublet regimen (no recommendation was provided between ICIs or an ICI in combination with a VEGFR TKI). For select patients, monotherapy with either an ICI or a VEGFR TKI may be offered on the basis of comorbidities. Interleukin-2 remains an option, although selection criteria could not be identified. Recommendations are also provided for second- and subsequent-line therapy as well as the treatment of bone metastases, brain metastases, or the presence of sarcomatoid features. Participation in clinical trials is highly encouraged for patients with metastatic ccRCC. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/genitourinary-cancer-guidelines
PDZK1 Interacting Protein 1 Promotes the Progression of Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Wang Kun , Liu Shiyang , Tian Yao , Liu Chenguang , Gui Zhengwei , Yu Tianyao , Zhang Lin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has increased rapidly in recent decades, and tumor progression events are common in PTC. The purpose of our study is to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) correlated with PTC progression and investigate the function of PDZK1IP1 (PDZK1 interacting protein 1) in PTC.MethodsWe first analyzed DEGs associated with PTC progression between paired PTC and normal thyroid tissues in 3 Gene Expression Omnibus data sets (GSE29265, GSE33630, and GSE60542) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Data from the TCGA database and our institution were utilized to explore the relationship between PDZK1IP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of PTC. The CCK8 cell proliferation assay, clone formation assay, flow cytometry assay, and the xenograft model were used to investigate the function of PDZK1IP1 in PTC.ResultsThirty-nine DEGs associated with PTC progression were identified, in which only PDZK1IP1 was upregulated in PTC tissue at both messenger RNA and protein levels. In addition, we found that high expression of PDZK1IP1 in the TCGA database was associated with poor progression-free survival, extrathyroidal extension, high stage, tall cell variant, and BRAFV600E mutation of the PTC (P &lt; 0.001). In our collected samples, high expression of PDZK1IP1 was only related to lymph node metastasis (P &lt; 0.05). Overexpression of PDZK1IP1 significantly promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of PTC cells. Knockdown of PDZK1IP1 significantly inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and prevented xenograft formation of PTC cells.ConclusionPDZK1IP1 is an oncogene for tumorigenesis and development of PTC and might be a potential therapeutic target.
Two-Level Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy in Lateral Position for an Ankylosing Spondylitis Patient With Severe Thoracolumbar Kyphosis and Hip Flexion Contracture: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Shengbiao , Zhou Zhenhai , Yu Honggui , Wu Chunyang , Deng Wenqiang , Cao Kai 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Spinal osteotomy and total hip replacement (THR) are the most common surgical interventions for ankylosing spondylitis (AS). It is recommended that patients with AS with severe thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity (TLKD) and flexed hips receive spinal osteotomy before THR to reduce the risk of hip prosthesis dislocation after THR. Standardly, spinal osteotomy is performed in the prone position; however, it is impractical to place patients with AS with kyphosis and closed hips in a prone position. In this report, we present an AS case with severe TLKD and closed hips who underwent spinal osteotomy in a lateral position first, then THR in the second stage.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
The patient with AS was a 40-year-old woamn with severe TLKD and a closed hip. Back pain, difficulty walking, and gaze loss are the chief complaints. In consideration of the infeasibility of adopting the prone position, the patient was placed in a lateral position and underwent 2-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy at L1 and L3 with a long instrumentation from T10 to S1 at the first stage. Then, THR was performed at the second stage. The patient achieved pain relief, horizontal gaze, and nearly normal ambulation after spinal deformity correction and THR. After 2-year follow-up, the spinal alignment remains good and hip function was satisfactory.

DISCUSSION:
The sequence of spinal osteotomy and THR performed for AS patients with TLKD and hip flexion contracture remains inconclusive. According to previous studies, patients treated with THR under a sagittal malaligned spine may require revision of the acetabular component to accommodate to the re-orientated acetabula resulting from the subsequent spinal osteotomy and realignment. Thus, we believe it is more reasonable to perform spinal osteotomy first. For osteotomy in lateral position, one of the key points is that the operation table should be tilted away from the surgeon side at a certain angle. Another point is that contralateral cancellous bone should be removed as much as possible when performing osteotomy at the side of vertebral away from the table. The satisfactory outcomes of this case revealed the feasibility of osteotomy in a lateral position for such severe AS with closed hip.

CONCLUSION:
Performing double-level spinal osteotomy in a lateral position first could be an alternative for patients with AS who cannot be placed in the prone position because of the severe deformity of the spine and hips.
The Effects of Modifying Amount and Type of Dietary Carbohydrate on Esophageal Acid Exposure Time and Esophageal Reflux Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gu Cihang , Olszewski Timothy , King Karen L. , Vaezi Michael F. , Niswender Kevin D. , Silver Heidi J. 
Published: June 2022

INTRODUCTION:
This is the first randomized controlled diet intervention trial to investigate both the amount and type of carbohydrate on symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

METHODS:
Ninety-eight veterans with symptomatic GERD were randomly assigned to high total/high simple, high total/low simple, low total/high simple, or low total/low simple carbohydrate diet for 9 weeks. The primary outcomes were esophageal acid exposure time (AET) and total number of reflux episodes derived from 24-hour ambulatory pH monitoring. Secondary outcomes were esophageal reflux symptoms rated using the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GERDQ) and GERD Symptom Assessment Scale (GSAS).

RESULTS:
Half of the subjects were White and half African American (mean age, 60.0 ± 12.5 years; mean body mass index, 32.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2). There was a significant main effect of diet treatment on AET (P = 0.001) and on the total number of reflux episodes (P = 0.003). The change in AET in the high total/low simple group (−4.3% ± 3.8%) differed significantly from the high total/high simple control group (+3.1% ± 3.7%), (P = 0.04). The reduction in simple sugar intake averaged 62 g less per day. Subjects' ratings of symptoms improved in all carbohydrate modification groups, including significant reductions in heartburn frequency, heartburn severity, acid taste in the mouth, lump/pain in the throat or chest, and sleep disturbance.

DISCUSSION:
A modification of dietary carbohydrate intake that targeted a substantial reduction in the intakes of simple sugars improved pH monitoring outcomes and symptoms of GERD that profoundly affect daily life. These findings provide a feasible and clinically applicable contribution to the limited objective data existing for efficacious dietary recommendations in the routine treatment and management of GERD.
The prevalence of cognitive impairment and their association with socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric factors and geriatric syndromes in people over 65 years of age: data from the Russian epidemiological study EVKALIPT
Authors: Mkhitaryan E. A. , Vorobieva N. M. , Tkacheva O. N. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Koberskaya N. N. , Selezneva E. V. , Ovcharova L. N. 
Published: June 2022

Cognitive dysfunction is one of the most common disorders in the elderly and senile age. There are currently 57 million people with dementia worldwide.Objective: to assess cognitive functions, to understand the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and to analyze their associations with socioeconomic, demographic and anthropometric factors and geriatric syndromes in people aged ≥65 years.Patients and methods. Subjects living in 11 regions of the Russian Federation took part in the EVKALIPT epidemiological study. The inclusion criterion was age ≥65 years. Participants were divided into three age groups (65–74 years, 75–84 years, and ≥85 years) according to the protocol. All patients underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment, comprising a specially designed questionnaire and physical examination. Cognitive functions were assessed using the mini-Cog test. The study included 3545 patients (of which 30% were males) aged 65 to 107 years.Results and discussion. According to the data obtained in our study, CI was detected in 60.8% of the subjects, and severe disorders – in 19.9% (0 or 1 point according to the mini-Cog). Patients with CI had a lower socioeconomic status. One-way regression analysis showed that the risk of CI increased by 10% with increasing age for every 1 year but did not depend on the sex of the subjects. Associated with increased CI risk also were: living alone (by 28%), living in a nursing home (by 90%), widowhood (by 2.2 times) or absence of a partner (by 2.2 times), underweight (by 2.9 times) and normal body weight (by 1.6 times), disability (by 54%), primary (by 4.8 times) and secondary (by 75%) education, bad economic conditions (by 95%). On the contrary, the presence of overweight and obesity reduced the risk of CI by 14 and 24% respectively, living in a family – by 24%, having a spouse – by 55%, divorce – by 29%, having a job – by 73%, higher education and a scientific degree – by 55 and 59%, medium and good economic conditions – by 38 and 52%, respectively. In patients with CI, the incidence of all geriatric syndromes was higher.Conclusion. The frequency of CI among elderly patients was higher compared with data from other studies. The EVKALIPT study was the first to obtain national data on the prevalence and characteristics of CI in persons aged ≥65 years in the general population.
3D Numerical Investigation of Free Convection using Lattice Boltzmann and Finite Difference Methods
Authors: Benhamou Jaouad , Lahmer El Bachir , Jami Mohammed , Moussaoui Mohammed Amine , Mezrhab Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Numerical study of various physical phenomena in three dimensions has become a necessity to better understand the physical process than in two dimensions. Thus, in this paper, the code is elaborated to be adapted to the simulation of heat transfer in three dimensions. The numerical simulations are performed using a hybrid method. This method is based on the lattice Boltzmann approach for the computation of velocities, and on the finite difference technique for the calculation of temperature. The used numerical code is validated by examining the free convection in a cubic enclosure filled with air. Then, the analysis of the heat exchange between two cold vertical walls and a heated block located at the center of a cubic cavity is considered. The performed simulations showed that for a small value of the Rayleigh number (Ra=103 for example), the fluid exchanges its heat almost equally with all hot surfaces of the obstacle. However, for large values of Ra (Ra≥104), the numerical results found showed that the heat exchange rate is greater on the bottom face compared to the other faces of the obstacle.
Dallas, Houston, and San Antonio Public Health Ordinance During COVID-19. Are They Constitutional?
Authors: Achraf Sana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 is becoming an increasing concern since its emergence in late 2019. Texas in particular has seen an increasing number of cases along with overloaded hospitals. Texas has not dealt with a pandemic as severe as this for decades and the government is quickly implementing procedures to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. These COVID-19 procedures are spiking concern in many individuals, causing them to question the constitutionality of these ordinances and if the government is infringing on their rights. In this paper we will analyze these procedures and how they originated. We will explore the different roles of federal, state and local governments in public health law and the extent of their authority during a public health crisis. This analysis will provide the answers and show you why the government is likely not infringing on your constitutional rights.
Property 𝑅∞ for some spherical and affine Artin–Tits groups
Authors: Calvez Matthieu , Soroko Ignat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Let

n
⩾
2

n\geqslant 2

.
In this note, we give a short uniform proof of property

R
∞

R_{\infty}

for the Artin–Tits groups of spherical types

A
n

A_{n}

,

B
n

B_{n}

,

D
4

D_{4}

,

I
2

⁢

(
m
)

I_{2}(m)

(

m
⩾
3

m\geqslant 3

), their pure subgroups, and for the Artin–Tits groups of affine types

A
~

n
-
1

\tilde{A}_{n-1}

and

C
~

n

\tilde{C}_{n}

.
In particular, we provide an alternative proof of a recent result of Dekimpe, Gonçalves and Ocampo, who established property

R
∞

R_{\infty}

for pure Artin braid groups.
Comparison of fibers obtained from industrial corncob residue by two delignification methods and their application in papermaking
Authors: Niu Bao-Ze , Yuan Tao , Zhang Tao , Song Xian-Liang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, two methods were used to extract fibers from industrial corncob residue. The extracted fibers were compared with different characterization methods such as Zeta potential, FAS-VII fiber analysis system, GPC and XRD. The average length and width of the fibers treated by NaOH/H2O2 were 80 µm and 10 µm. The molecular weight was 17653, and the crystallinity was 49.9 %. Correspondingly, the average length and width of fibers treated with CH3COOH/NaClO2 were 100 μm and 10 µm. The molecular weight was 18810, and the crystallinity was 61.9 %. Then, they were modified to prepare carboxymethyl cellulose, which was used to improve the physical properties of paper, the result indicated that both of the carboxymethyl cellulose had good effect. Under optimal experimental conditions, the folding endurance, tensile index, burst index of the handsheets were increased by 37.38 %, 28.78 %, and 28.8 %, respectively. SEM results showed that the addition of carboxymethyl cellulose made the fibers stick closely, which improving the paper properties.