bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TiO2 bunchy hierarchical structure with effective enhancement in sodium storage behaviors
Authors: Liu Shen , Niu Kai , Chen Shuailin , Sun Xin , Liu Lehao , Jiang Bing , Chu Lihua , Lv Xiaojun , Li Meicheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBronze phase TiO2 [TiO2(B)] has great research potential for sodium storage since it has a higher theoretical capacity and ion mobility compared with other phases of TiO2. In this case, preparing porous TiO2(B) nanosheets, which can provide abundant sodium insertion channels, is the most effective way to improve transport kinetics. Here, we use the strong one‐dimensional TiO2 nanowires as the matrix for stringing these nanosheets together through a simple solvothermal method to build a bunchy hierarchical structure [TiO2(B)‐BH], which has fast pseudocapacitance behavior, high structural stability, and effective ion/electron transport. With the superiorities of this structure design, TiO2(B)‐BH has a higher capacity (131 vs. 70 mAh g−1 [TiO2‐NWs] at 0.5 C). And it is worth mentioning that the reversible capacity of up to 500 cycles can still be maintained at 85 mAh g−1 at a high rate of 10 C. Meanwhile, we also further analyzed the sodium storage mechanism through the ex‐situ X‐ray powder diffraction test, which proved the high structural stability of TiO2(B)‐BH in the process of sodiumization/de‐sodiumization. This strategy of uniformly integrating nanosheets into a matrix can also be extended to preparing electrode material structures of other energy devices.
Dye Sensitization Offers a Brighter Afterglow Nanoparticle Future for in vivo Recharged Luminescent Imaging
Authors: Zhou Juanjuan , Huang Kai , Lin Shaochen , Zhang Nan , Wang Xin , Li Yang , Li Zhanjun , Han Gang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile concerns about improving recharged afterglow intensity in vivo still motivate further exploration, afterglow nanoparticles (AGNP) offer unique optical merit for autofluorescence‐free biological imaging. Apart from efforts enhancing the afterglow emission properties of AGNP, improving afterglow excitation response to visible or near infrared light is important but has lacked success. Dye sensitization has been used to improve the optical response of photovoltaic nanomaterials and to enhance upconversion luminescence efficiency. This concept has recently been expanded and applied to AGNPs. As a new multifunctional nanoprobe, such dye‐sensitized AGNP takes advantage of both high spatial resolution fluorescence imaging and sensitive afterglow imaging. This Concept introduces the background, the concept, mechanism, and related imaging application, as well as reviewing existing challenges and proposing future developmental directions for the dye‐sensitized AGNPs.
Copper‐Catalyzed Regioselective [3+3] Annulations of Alkynyl Ketimines with α‐Cyano Ketones: the Synthesis of Polysubstituted 4H‐Pyran Derivatives with a CF3‐Containing Quaternary Center
Authors: Sheng Cheng , Ling Zheng , Ahmad Tanveer , Xie Fang , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRegioselective [3+3] annulation of alkynyl ketimines with α‐cyano ketones for the synthesis of polysubstituted 4H‐pyran derivatives with a quaternary CF3‐containing center has been realized by using Cu(OAc)2 as the catalyst. The novel strategy tolerates a wide range of α‐CF3 alkynyl ketimines and α‐cyano ketones with both aryl and alkyl substitutents. A preliminary asymmetric synthesis of chiral product 3 has been attempted by using copper and chiral thiourea as the cocatalyst with excellent yields (86‐99 %) and good enantioselectivities (71–78 % ee). Furthermore, product 3 aa could be obtained on a gram‐scale reaction with 75 % yield and 99 % ee after recrystallization. Several products were also transformed readily. Control experiments indicate that the reaction involves a process with a base‐catalyzed or chiral thiourea‐catalyzed Mannich‐type reaction followed by a highly regioselective copper‐catalyzed ring‐closing reaction on the alkynyl moiety in a 6‐endo‐dig fashion.
The Effect of Vanadium Doping on Carbon Behavior in Tungsten: A First‐Principle Study
Authors: Chen Xi , Wang Xianqu , Zhang Xin , Xu Yuhong , Lei Guangjiu , Cui Zilin , Li Heng , Zhu Yiqin , Hu Jun , Geng Shaofei , Liu Qijun , Ni Yuxiang , Liu Haifeng , Huang Jie , Liu Hai , Cheng Jun , Tang Changjian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUsing density functional theory based on first‐principles and selecting structure to replace alloy, the electronic properties and mechanical properties of and are investigated in this paper. These properties are compared to investigate the effect of radiation of carbon (C) impurity on lattice when alloy is applied as plasma facing materials in a nuclear fusion device. It is found that carbon impurity can greatly improve the ductility of tungsten (W) metal and tungsten vanadium (WV) alloy in the lattice. For further research, solution energy of one C atom at different positions in lattice is also calculated in this paper. It is found that in the lattice, the C atom is more energetically favorable sitting at the octahedral interstitial site nearest to V atom, with solution energy of 1.25 eV.
Influence of Pulsed DC Sputtering Power on the Quality and Residual Stress of AlN Films on Si (100) Substrates
Authors: Yin Haotian , Han Jun , Xing Yanhui , Deng Xuguang , Cheng Wei , Zhang Yao , Guan Baolu , Zhang Baoshun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAluminum nitride (AlN) films are prepared on Si (100) substrates by pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering. The effect of sputtering power on the crystal quality, residual stress, surface morphology, and optical properties of AlN films is comprehensively studied using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscope, and ellipsometer. It is found that the AlN film quality is strongly impacted by the sputtering power. When the sputtering power increases to 3 kW, the full width at half maximum of the AlN (002) rocking curve decreases to 2.66°. And the film crystal quality does not change significantly when the sputtering power exceeds 3 kW. Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis shows that with increasing sputtering power, the compressive stress of AlN films first increases and then decreases. The high sputtering power also results in smoother surface and better optical performance for the AlN films. This work can serve as an important reference for growing high‐quality AlN films on cost‐effective silicon (Si) substrates via sputtering, which can facilitate the development and commercialization of III‐nitride based photonics and electronics on AlN‐on‐Si substrates.
Series inductance design of dual‐active‐bridge converter: ZVS range with practical considerations
Authors: Kirsten André Luís , Fraytag Jeferson , Cúnico Lucas Mondardo , de Oliveira Theyllor Hentscke , Gabriel Carloto Filipe , Dalla Costa Marco A. 
Published: February 2022

SummaryZero‐voltage‐switching boundaries of dual‐active‐bridge (DAB) converter operating with phase‐shift modulation is largely studied in literature. However, several practical considerations are neglected to simplify the ZVS analysis. This paper proposes the full analysis of DAB converter ZVS range considering the switches capacitance, dead time, series inductance design, and input/output voltage variation. Three different designs of series inductance were developed. The prototypes were tested under different voltage conditions considering the whole power range. The experimental results show the considerable difference in ZVS region of the classical analysis and the proposed in this paper, proving the feasibility of the paper analysis.
Energy efficient approximate booth multipliers using compact error compensation circuit for mitigation of truncation error
Authors: Aizaz Zainab , Khare Kavita 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArtificial neural networks and image processing are the error tolerant applications that require massive workloads to be executed within certain power limits. Energy efficient multipliers on an embedded processor are crucial for such applications. In this paper, a highly diminished yet accurate design of an approximate truncated multiplier is presented. A compact error compensation circuit is presented that aims to mitigate the truncation error. To reduce the energy consumption further, the voltage overscaling method is used. The performance of the circuit is optimized by adjusting the two approximation knobs of circuit pruning and voltage scaling. Simulation results for a truncation factor of 8 with an MRED of 0.01 demonstrate an 11.4% reduction in energy consumption compared to that of the 16‐bit radix‐4 exact multiplier. Application based evaluation is performed by using the approximate multipliers on image multiplication application and a high value of PSNR (43.17 dB) is obtained. When evaluated using a handwritten digit recognition application based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), an accuracy of 97.85% is obtained.
Case report: A case of laterally spreading duodenal cancer with slight submucosal invasion accompanied with concurrent lymph nodes metastasis
Authors: Iwata Kentaro , Kato Motohiko , Nakayama Atsushi , Kanai Takanori , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 70‐year‐old female diagnosed with duodenal cancer was referred to our hospital. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an 80 mm flat elevated lesion was located in the inner wall of the second part of the duodenum and the lesion completely involved major papilla. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was performed and the lesion was resected in a single piece including the part of the major papilla. The pathological examination of the resected specimen showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma limited in the mucosa in most parts of the lesion, however, cancer cells invaded into the submucosal layer with an invasion depth of 100 μm in only a small area. Lymph ductal involvement was confirmed in that area. Two months after ESD, pylorus‐preserving pancreatoduodenectomy combined with extended lymph node dissection was additionally performed. The postoperative pathological examination revealed lymph ductal involvement was observed in the regional lymph node. While the postoperative clinical course was uneventful, systematic metastasis was pointed out 5 months after surgery. The patient was died 9 months after surgery. Due to its rarity, the natural history of duodenal cancer has been still unclear. In this case, even a lesion with only a localized small area of submucosal invasion developed systemic metastasis, indicating the high malignant potential of duodenal cancer.
Developmental neural activity requires neuron–astrocyte interactions
Authors: Bajar Bryce T. , Phi Nguyen T. , Randhawa Harpreet , Akin Orkun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDevelopmental neural activity is a common feature of neural circuit assembly. Although glia have established roles in synapse development, the contribution of neuron–glia interactions to developmental activity remains largely unexplored. Here we show that astrocytes are necessary for developmental activity during synaptogenesis in Drosophila. Using wide‐field epifluorescence and two‐photon imaging, we show that the glia of the central nervous system participate in developmental activity with type‐specific patterns of intracellular calcium dynamics. Genetic ablation of astrocytes, but not of cortex or ensheathing glia, leads to severe attenuation of neuronal activity. Similarly, inhibition of neuronal activity results in the loss of astrocyte calcium dynamics. By altering these dynamics, we show that astrocytic calcium cycles can influence neuronal activity but are not necessary per se. Taken together, our results indicate that, in addition to their recognized role in the structural maturation of synapses, astrocytes are also necessary for the function of synapses during development.
Bis‐Anagostic Structures in N,N’‐Chelate Ligand Complexes of Palladium(II)
Authors: Sajjad M. Arif , Schwerdtfeger Peter , Cai Yichao , Waters Joyce M. , Harrison John A. , Nielson Alastair J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReaction of N,N’‐dibenzylidene‐2,2‐dimethylpropylenediamine with Pd(OAc)2produces essentially one product which NMR spectroscopy indicates has abis‐anagostic structure. A density functional theory (DFT) calculation shows that in the square planar structure, both aromatic rings lie above the coordination plane with close approaches of twoortho‐C−H bond hydrogens to both the Pd centre and the two acetato ligand coordinating oxygen atoms. N,N’‐dibenzylideneethylenediamine reacts with Pd(OAc)2similarly where abis‐anagostic structure is indicated by NMR spectroscopy and a DFT calculation shows an energy preference for an above plane positioning of the two aromatic rings. N,N,N’,N’‐tetrabenzylethylenediamine reacts with Pd(OAc)2to give a structure which X‐ray crystallography shows two benzyl phenyl groups lie above and below the coordination plane respectively.
Bilateral Aromatic Extension of Corannulene Nucleus
Authors: Halilovic Dzeneta , Csókás Dániel , Webster Richard D. , Stuparu Mihaiela C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein we show that a dibromo imide derivative of corannulene could be subjected to a palladium‐catalyzed Heck reaction in order to install aryl vinylene groups in a bilateral fashion on the C5‐symmetric aromatic nucleus. A photochemically‐induced oxidative cyclization then affords π‐extended structures in isolated overall yields of 35–44 %. Due to the aromatic area extension and the presence of electron withdrawing groups, the synthesized molecules exhibit an anodic shift of ≈1 V in their first reduction potential as compared to pristine corannulene. The bilateral growth of the aromatic scaffold, therefore, represents a viable strategy to prepare π‐extended corannulenes with an electron deficient character.
Quadruple Functionalization of a Tetraphenylethylene Aromatic Scaffold with Ynamides or Tetracyanobutadienes: Synthesis and Optical Properties
Authors: Philippe Clotilde , Coste Maëva , Bretonnière Yann , Lemiègre Loïc , Ulrich Sébastien , Trolez Yann 
Published: February 2022

AbstractYnamides are useful and versatile building blocks in organic synthesis, from which 1,1,4,4‐tetracyanobutadienes (TCBD) can be prepared for application in molecular electronics. However, their insertion onto multi‐functional molecular scaffold remains a synthetic challenge. In this work, we report the two‐steps synthesis in good isolated yield (64 % overall, 89 % stepwise) of a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) bearing four ynamides, and its further one‐step conversion into the tetra‐TCBD derivative through a [2+2] cycloaddition‐retroelectrocyclization sequence. The concomitant formation of the four ynamides required a specific optimisation of the reaction conditions. Although a poor fluorescent emitter in solution, the tetra‐TCBD compound displayed near‐infrared luminescence in the solid state, which is an attractive optoelectronic feature when considering future applications in molecular electronic devices.
Fruit quality prediction based on soil mineral element content in peach orchard
Authors: Sun Hailong , Huang Xiao , Chen Tao , Zhou Pengyu , Huang Xuexi , Jin Weixin , Liu Dan , Zhang Hongtu , Zhou Jianguo , Wang Zhongjun , Hayat Faisal , Gao Zhihong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMineral nutrition of orchard soil is critical for the growth of fruit trees and improvement of fruit quality. In the present study, the effects of soil mineral nutrients on peach fruit quality were studied by using artificial neural network model. The results showed that the four established ANN models had the highest prediction accuracy (R2 = .9735, .9607, .9036, and .9440, respectively). The results of prediction model sensitivity analysis showed that available B, Ca, N, and K in the soil had the greatest influence on the single fruit weight, available Fe, K, B, and Ca in the soil had the greatest effect on fruit soluble solid content, available Ca, N, B, and K in the soil had the greatest influence on the fruit titratable acid content, and available Ca, Fe, N, and Mn in the soil had the greatest effect on fruit edible rate. The response surface methodology analysis determined the optimal range of these mineral elements, which is critical for guiding precision fertilization in peach orchards and improving peach fruit quality.
Prognostic significance of wait time for radical radiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Yu‐Ting , Chen Kai‐Hua , Yang Jie , Liang Zhong‐Guo , Qu Song , Li Ling , Zhu Xiao‐Dong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prognostic significance of wait time between definite diagnosis and initial radical radiotherapy is not well established in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA‐NPC) receiving both induction chemotherapy (IC) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).MethodsFrom 2010 to 2018, 648 patients with LA‐NPC treated with IC followed by CCRT were included.ResultsA total of 172 pairs of patients with LA‐NPC were selected by propensity score matching (PSM). Compared to patients with an acceptable wait time (≤75 days), patients with a prolonged wait time (>75 days) had a significant lower 5‐year DMFS rate (86.6% vs. 74.1%, p = 0.006). Subgroup analyses indicated that the unfavorable effects of longer waiting times were mainly seen among stage IVa patients.ConclusionsA prolonged wait time (>75 days) between definite diagnosis and initial radical radiotherapy has negative prognostic effects on patients with LA‐NPC receiving IC plus CCRT, particularly those with IVa stage.
Facial nerve perineural spread from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: A single institution analysis of epidemiology, treatment, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors
Authors: Schachtel Michael J. C. , Gandhi Mitesh , Bowman James J. , Porceddu Sandro V. , Panizza Benedict J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine patients with facial nerve (VII) perineural spread (PNS) from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients managed by an Australian tertiary center between 2000 and 2019.ResultsSeventy three patients were included. Most presented with recurrent disease (89.0%) and simultaneous trigeminal nerve (V) involvement (67.1%). Of the 55 patients (75.3%) who received curative intent treatment, 48 received surgery plus/minus post‐operative radiotherapy. In these patients, 5‐year disease‐free survival, disease‐specific survival, and overall survival was 50.7%, 68.7%, and 58.1%, respectively. Pathological nodal disease, involved margins, increasing VII zonal extent, and concurrent zone 2 V PNS significantly worsened outcomes.ConclusionHigh rates of recurrent disease reflects the importance of adequate treatment of the primary. Surgery and post‐operative radiotherapy remains the mainstay treatment. Outcomes are improved in early‐stage disease and with clear surgical margins, reinforcing the need for prompt diagnosis and intervention.
Dual roles of B lymphocytes in mouse models of diet‐induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Karl Martin , Hasselwander Solveig , Zhou Yawen , Reifenberg Gisela , Kim Yong Ook , Park Kyoung‐Sook , Ridder Dirk A. , Wang Xiaoyu , Seidel Eric , Hövelmeyer Nadine , Straub Beate K. , Li Huige , Schuppan Detlef , Xia Ning 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Growing evidence suggests an important role of B cells in the development of NAFLD. However, a detailed functional analysis of B cell subsets in NAFLD pathogenesis is lacking.

Approach and Results
In wild‐type mice, 21 weeks of high fat diet (HFD) feeding resulted in NAFLD with massive macrovesicular steatosis, modest hepatic and adipose tissue inflammation, insulin resistance, and incipient fibrosis. Remarkably, Bnull (JHT) mice were partially protected whereas B cell harboring but antibody‐deficient IgMi mice were completely protected from the development of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The common feature of JHT and IgMi mice is that they do not secrete antibodies, whereas HFD feeding in wild‐type mice led to increased levels of serum IgG2c. Whereas JHT mice have no B cells at all, regulatory B cells were found in the liver of both wild‐type and IgMi mice. HFD reduced the number of regulatory B cells and IL‐10 production in the liver of wild‐type mice, whereas these increased in IgMi mice. Livers of patients with advanced liver fibrosis showed abundant deposition of IgG and stromal B cells and low numbers of IL‐10 expressing cells, compatible with our experimental data.

Conclusions
B lymphocytes have both detrimental and protective effects in HFD‐induced NAFLD. The lack of secreted pathogenic antibodies protects partially from NAFLD, whereas the presence of certain B cell subsets provides additional protection. IL‐10–producing regulatory B cells may represent such a protective B cell subset.
SARS‐CoV2 hospital surveillance and control system with contact tracing for patients and health care workers at a large reference hospital in Spain during the first wave: An observational descriptive study
Authors: Llupià Anna , de la Torre‐Pérez Laura , Granés Laura , Olivé Victòria , Baron‐Miras Lourdes , Torà Isabel , Marin Clara , Grau Jaume , Soriano Inmaculada , Roel Elena , García‐Diez Marta , López‐Toribio María , Puig Joaquim , Guinovart Caterina , Santana Gemina , Fernández‐Torres Paula , García‐Basteiro Alberto L. , Prat Andreu , Blanco‐Rojas Beatriz Julieta , de Arquer Maria , Barroso Sonia , Tortajada Marta , Varela Pilar , Vilella Anna , Trilla Antoni 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsDuring the first peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the Preventive Medicine Department and the Occupational Health Department at Hospital Clinic de Barcelona (HCB), a large Spanish referral hospital, developed an innovative comprehensive SARS‐CoV2 Surveillance and Control System (CoSy‐19) in order to preserve patients' and health care workers' (HCWs) safety. We aim to describe the CoSy‐19 and to assess the impact in the number of contacts that new cases generated along this time.MethodsObservational descriptive study of the findings of the activity of contact tracing of all cases received at the HCB during the first peak of COVID‐19 in Spain (February 25th‐May 3rd, 2020).ResultsA team of 204 professionals and volunteers performed 384 in‐hospital contact‐tracing studies which generated contacts, detecting 298 transmission chains which suggested preventive measures, generated around 22 000 follow‐ups and more than 30 000 days of work leave. The number of contacts that new cases generated decreased during the study period.ConclusionCoordination between Preventive Medicine and Occupational Health departments and agile information systems were necessary to preserve non‐COVID activity and workers safety.