bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A National Inpatient Sample Analysis of Racial Disparities After Segmental Colectomy for Inflammatory Colorectal Diseases
Authors: Frieder Joel S. , Montorfano Lisandro , De Stefano Felice , Ortiz Gomez Camila , Ferri Francisco , Liang Hong , Gilshtein Hayim , Rosenthal Raul J. , Wexner Steven D. , Sharp Stephen P. 
Published: November 2022

Background Racial disparities and poor access to care are common among African Americans (AA), potentially adversely affecting surgical outcomes in inflammatory bowel conditions. We aimed to analyze the effect of race on outcomes in patients undergoing segmental colectomy for inflammatory bowel conditions. Methods Retrospective review of data from the National Inpatient Sample between 2010 and 2015 identified patients who underwent segmental colectomy without ostomy for Crohn’s or diverticular disease. AA patients were compared with Caucasians using a multivariable analysis model. Primary outcomes of interest were overall complications, mortality, and extended hospital stay. Results 38,143 admissions were analyzed; AA patients constituted 8% of the overall cohort. Diagnoses included Crohn’s (11%) and diverticular disease (89%). After multivariable analysis, AA patients had significantly higher overall risk of complications (OR = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.15-1.40) and extended hospital stay (OR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.45-1.75) than Caucasians. On bivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in mortality between AA and Caucasian patients. AA patients had significantly higher rates of Medicaid insurance (14% vs 6%, P < .001), lower rates of private insurance (35% vs 47%, P < .001), and were less likely to undergo surgery at a private hospital (31% vs 41%, P < .001). Conclusions AA patients requiring segmental colectomy for inflammatory colorectal conditions experience significantly higher rates of postoperative complications, longer hospital stays, and lower rates of private insurance. Direct correlation between insurance status and postoperative outcomes could not be established, but we speculate such great disparity in outcomes may stem from these socioeconomic differences.
Co-designing Community Out-of-hours Palliative Care Services: A systematic literature search and review
Authors: Low Christine , Namasivayam Pathmavathy , Barnett Tony 
Published: November 2022

Background: In order to provide responsive, individualised and personalised care, there is now greater engagement with patients, families and carers in designing health services. Out-of-hours care is an essential component of community palliative care. However, little is known about how patients, families and carers have been involved in the planning and design of these services. Aim: To systematically search and review the research literature that reports on how out-of-hours palliative care services are provided in the community and to identify the extent to which the principles of co-design have been used to inform the planning and design of these services. Design: Systematic literature search and review. Data sources: A systematic search for published research papers from seven databases was conducted in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Emcare, PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science, from January 2010 and December 2021. Reference list searches of included papers were undertaken to source additional relevant literature. A manifest content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results: A total of 77 papers were included. The majority of out-of-hours services in the community were provided by primary care services. The review found little evidence that patients, families or carers were involved in the planning or development of out-of-hours services. Conclusion: Incorporating patients, families and carers priorities and preferences in the planning and designing of out-of-hours palliative care service is needed for service providers to deliver care that is more patient-centred. Adopting the principles of co-design may improve how out-of-hours care scan be delivered.
Support from healthcare professionals in empowering family carers to discuss advance care planning: A population-based survey
Authors: Vandenbogaerde Isabel , Cohen Joachim , Hudson Peter , Van Audenhove Chantal , Deliens Luc , De Vleminck Aline 
Published: November 2022

Background: Family carers have a prominent role in end-of-life care for seriously ill persons. However, most of the advance care planning literature is focused on the role of healthcare professionals. Aims: To investigate (1) what proportion of family carers discussed advance care planning with their relative and associated socio-demographic and clinical characteristics (2) what proportion received support from healthcare professionals for these conversations, (3) what type of support they received and (4) to what extent the type of support received was considered sufficient. Design/participants: Population-based cross-sectional survey in Belgium of bereaved family carers of persons with a serious chronic illness ( N = 3000) who died 2–6 months before the sample was drawn, identified through three sickness funds. The survey explored support from healthcare professionals for family carers during the last 3 months of the patient’s life. Results: Response rate was 55%. The proportion of family carers that engaged in an advance care planning conversation with their relative was 46.9%. Of these family carers, 78.1% received support from a healthcare professional, mostly by doing the advance care planning conversation together (53.8%). Of family carers receiving support from a healthcare professional, 57.4% deemed the support sufficient. Conclusion: Many family carers engage in advance care planning conversations with their dying relative. Healthcare professionals often support them by performing the advance care planning conversations together. More insight into how family carers can be supported to conduct these advance care planning conversations, both with and without involvement of healthcare professionals, is necessary.
3D organoid modeling of extramedullary hematopoiesis
Authors: Lara-Gonzalez Eloisa , Wittig Olga , Diaz-Solano Dylana , Cardier Jose E. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Under certain clinical and experimental conditions hematopoiesis occurs in other site than bone marrow (BM), such as the liver. Here, we develop a 3D organoid that mimics several components of the hematopoietic niche present during liver extramedullary hematopoiesis. Aim: To evaluate the capacity of a 3D hematopoietic organoid (3D-HO) to function as a hematopoietic like-niche allowing for blood cell production outside of the BM Methods: The 3D-HO is constituted by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) as the stromal component, BM isolated from 5-FU treated mice (FU-BMCs), collagen microspheres and plasma clot as scaffolds. The ability of the 3D-HO to support the survival and functionality of FU-BMCs was investigated by using confocal microscopy, histology analysis, flow cytometry, and clonogenic assays. Results: After 15 and 30 days, post-ectopic implantation, histological studies of the 3D-HO showed the presence of cells with myeloid and lymphoid lineage morphology. Flow cytometry analysis of these cells showed the presence of cells expressing hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPC) (Sca-1+/c-Kit+), myeloid (Gr-1+) and lymphoid (B220+ and CD19+) markers. Clonogenic assays showed that cells from the 3D-HO formed hematopoietic colonies. Expression of the Sry gene by cells from the 3D-HO, implanted for 30 days in female mice, indicated that male donor cells persist in this model of extramedullary hematopoiesis. Conclusions: The 3D-HO constitutes an extramedullary hematopoietic-like niche which supports the survival and functionality of FU-BMCs. It may constitute an efficient model for investigating, in vitro and in vivo, those factors that control hematopoiesis outside BM.
Hospital-based autonomous pre-clinical screening of COVID-19: An emergency triage using a vital signs recording system, Paris-Ile de France region
Authors: Brizio Albert , Faure Valérie , Baudino Franck , Wilmet Arnaud , Gonzalez Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic toll worldwide on the populations but also has been essentially supported by the existing public health system, particularly hospital-based emergency wards and intensive care units. In France, the first cases were identified on the 24th of January 2020. The first epidemic sprout emerged in the Eastern part of the country and spread in two weeks towards the center to the Paris-region where it peaked on the 14th of April 2020. In Paris and the region around it, the intensity of the epidemic has increased significantly to have a strong impact on all public and private hospital systems in a few weeks. During France’s 2020 COVID-19 epidemic, a private hospital went into a major organizational change of its Emergency Department which mainly included the use of a Telemedicine Booth for vitals automatic recording during triage procedures. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to share a unique exerience centered on the use of a Telemedicine Booth as a screening process during an epidemic. Researche design: The present study is a case report describing the organizational scheme adopted by the hospital and discusses the data of 1844 patients that attended the facility over a month and the results of a questionaire survey adressed to the Emergency Department personnel. Study sample: The study population is the population that Data where collecte. Data collection and analysis: Quantitative activity indicators' data were collected with a specific triage register, patient management software and the Telemedicine Booth activity software and were analysed with basic statistics. Results and Conclusions: Among the 1844 patients, 766 were engaged in an automated triage process supported by a Telemedicine Booth. Patients' clinical characteristics are comparable to those found in international literature during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of the Telemedicine Booth as a screening process facilitated patients’ flow. It usefully participated in the patient rapid orientation, relieving the hospital emergency department, actively contributes in a safe and secure environment highly trusted by the hospital staff and health workers. To our knowledge, the Telemedicine Booth use as a screening process during an epidemic constitutes the first contribution to such an innovative approach.
Optimization of pneumatic mufflers hybridized with metal sintered bronze porous material, expansion cone, and extended tube
Authors: Chiu Min-Chie , Chang Ying-Chun 
Published: November 2022

Because of high pressure impulse noise emitted from the outlet of pneumatic equipment, an appropriate noise abatement device installed at the top of a venting outlet is compulsory. However, a given known noise reduction using a bronze-made sintered porous plug at the venting outlet is insufficient. An exploration of advanced noise reducing device is required. In this paper, three kinds of mufflers (Muffler A: with part AA (a bronze-made sintered porous inlet); Muffler B: with part BB (a casing with expansion cones and extended perforated/non-perforated tubes); and Muffler C: part AA (a bronze-made sintered porous inlet) + part BB (a casing with expansion cones and extended perforated/non-perforated tubes)) have been introduced and acoustically analyzed. To assist the optimization of mufflers composing of complicated acoustical mechanism, a finite element method using finite element method (run on COMSOL) together with a simplified objective function model and Genetic Algorithm (GA) is presented. Here, the simplified model of objective function is established by means of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). In addition, three kinds of frequencies, including one low frequency (500 Hz) and two high frequencies (3000 Hz, and 5000 Hz), have been chosen as the target frequencies during the muffler C’s optimization process. Consequently, considering a space-constrained situation, an optimally shaped muffler using both parameters D and L is efficiently accomplished within space-constraint situation.
Medication errors in cancer therapy: Reports from German hospital pharmacists between 2008 and 2019
Authors: Weber Lisa , Langebrake Claudia , Picksak Gesine , Schöning Tilman , Schulze Ingo , Jaehde Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

Objective Since medication errors can have severe consequences, the development of methods to improve patient safety is becoming increasingly important. The aim of this evaluation was to identify frequent medication errors in oncology as well as characteristic correlations in the various error patterns. In addition, the implementation rate of the proposed pharmaceutical intervention was determined in order to assess the benefit of a clinical pharmacist in the field of oncology. Methods The evaluation was based on a data-set from a national documentation system for medication errors and interventions (DokuPIK) used by hospital pharmacists in the field of oncology from 2008 to 2019, namely 6684 reported cases in oncology, representing about 5% of all reports in DokuPIK. Results The most frequently reported errors were incorrect doses (22% of reported errors), followed by interactions (14%); in 10% of errors the prescription/documentation was incomplete/incorrect. The intervention suggested by the pharmacist was implemented in 97% of the cases. Based on the respective Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical Classification (ATC codes), drugs (or groups of drugs) were identified that were reported frequently in connection with medication errors, namely carboplatin and cyclophosphamide as anticancer drugs pantoprazole as non-anticancer drug. Conclusion Frequently occurring medication errors in the field of oncology were identified, facilitating the development of specific recommendations for action and prevention strategies. The implementation of an electronic prescription software is particularly recommended for the avoidance of dosage errors in chemotherapy.
Pharmacokinetic characterization, benefits and barriers of subcutaneous administration of monoclonal antibodies in oncology
Authors: Homšek Ana , Spasić Jelena , Nikolić Neda , Stanojković Tatjana , Jovanović Marija , Miljković Branislava , Vučićević Katarina M 
Published: November 2022

Objective Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in oncology are slowly becoming the dominant treatment option for many different cancer types. The main route of administration, infusion, requires extensive product preparations, patient hospitalization and close monitoring. Patient comfort improvement, staff workload reduction and cost savings dictated the development of subcutaneous formulations. The aim of this review is to present pharmacokinetic characteristics of subcutaneous products, discuss the differences between intravenous and subcutaneous routes and to point out the advantages as well as challenges of administration route shift from the formulation development and pharmacometric angle. Data sources Food and Drug administration's Purple book database and electronic medicines compendium were used to identify monoclonal antibodies in oncology approved as subcutaneous forms. Using keywords subcutaneous, monoclonal antibodies, pharmacokinetics, model, as well as specific drugs previously identified, both PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were researched. Data summary There are currently six approved subcutaneous onco-monoclonal antibodies on the market. For each of them, exposure to the drug was similar in relation to infusion, treatment effectiveness was the same, administration was well tolerated by the patients and costs of the medical service were reduced. Conclusion Development of subcutaneous forms for existing and emerging new monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment as well as shifting from administration via infusion should be encouraged due to patient preference, lower costs and overall lack of substantial differences in efficacy and safety between the two routes.
Hemangiosarcoma of the nasal planum in cats: five cases (2010–2021)
Authors: McGrath Alysha M , Cook Matthew R , Culp William TN , Oblak Michelle L , Oramas Alberto , Bertran Judith , Tremolada Giovanni , Lapsley Janis , Selmic Laura E 
Published: November 2022

Case series summary Nasal planum tumors are rare in cats, with squamous cell carcinoma over-represented. Other skin tumors have been reported in this location and though hemangiosarcoma frequently occurs on the skin of the head, these tumors localized to the nasal planum have not been specifically reported. The objectives of this study were to report the clinical findings and outcomes in cats diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma of the nasal planum. Medical records from four different institutions were reviewed to identify cats with a definitive diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma of the nasal planum. Five cats met the inclusion criteria. One cat was treated with palliative radiation therapy (RT) alone, two cats had lesions removed via an excisional biopsy by the primary care veterinarian and two cats had excisional biopsies performed at a referral institution. All four cats that received surgical treatment were treated with adjuvant strontium-90 therapy. The cat receiving palliative RT alone was lost to follow-up 311 days after treatment. At the time of writing, the survival time for 2/3 cats receiving surgery and strontium-90 was 365 days and 1381 days, respectively. One cat receiving this combination of therapy was lost to follow-up immediately after treatment. One cat developed tumor recurrence and a revision surgery via nasal planectomy and upper lip resection was performed 376 days following the initial surgery. Following revision, palliative RT was pursued. The cat was still alive at the time of writing 618 days after the initial procedure, with no evidence of recurrence. Relevance and novel information In this case series, surgery was the primary treatment used, but due to the location, only narrow or incomplete surgical margins were possible. RT (strontium-90 and/or palliative) was utilized to decrease the risk of recurrence.
Groin pain of neurological origin as a differential diagnosis of femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Aguilera-Bohórquez Bernardo , Juárez Omar , Calvache Daniela , Cantor Erika , Navarro Hernando , Vélez José , Pachón-Vásquez Mauricio 
Published: November 2022

Background: To describe the experience in the diagnostic process and treatment of patients with groin pain (GP) of neurological origin due to entrapment of the iliohypogastric (IH), ilioinguinal (IL) and genitofemoral (GF) nerves in a hip preservation clinic. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with GP of neurological origin confirmed with ultrasound-guided nerve block. Clinical outcomes were reported in 21 cases (age, 53.3 ± 15.9 years) treated with conservative treatment from January to December 2019, and in 9 patients (age 43.7 ± 14.6 years) who underwent neurectomy from January 2015 to December 2019. Pain intensity was assessed with a numerical rating scale (NRS) before starting the diagnostic process (Day 0) and at the end of follow-up. Results: All cases reported pain on groin palpation. Half of these cases also reported a positive FADIR test (flexion, adduction, internal rotation) (15/30). On day 0, the intensity of pain in cases treated with conservative treatment was severe in 19 patients (NRS 7–10) and moderate in 2 (NRS 4–6), with a median improvement of 7 points (interquartile range [IQR] 5.5–8.0) at the end of follow-up ( p  < 0.001). In neurectomy group, a similar improvement in pain severity was (Day 0: 9 points [IQR 8.0–9.0]; end of follow-up: 0 points [IQR: 0–2.0]; p  = 0.002). At the end of the study, 17/21 patients with conservative treatment and 7/9 with neurectomy were pain free or with mild pain (NRS < 3). Conclusions: In cases with PG of neurological origin, there is a high frequency of false positives in the FADIR test. Our findings suggest that neurectomy is a treatment option for patients in whom conservative treatment fails, providing significant pain relief.
Characterizing Clinical Heterogeneity in a Large Inpatient Addiction Treatment Sample: Confirmatory Latent Profile Analysis and Differential Levels of Craving and Impulsivity
Authors: Minhas Meenu , Cooper Alysha , Sousa Sarah , Costello Mary Jean , MacKillop James 
Published: November 2022

Background: Individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) have highly heterogeneous presentations and identifying more homogeneous subgroups may foster more personalized treatment. This study used SUD and other psychiatric indicators to characterize latent subgroups of patients in a large inpatient addiction treatment program. The resulting subgroups were then analyzed with respect to differences on clinically informative motivational mechanisms. Methods: Patients (n = 803) were assessed for severity of SUD (ie, alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder), post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, and major depressive disorder. Confirmatory latent profile analysis (CLPA) was used to identify latent subgroups, hypothesizing 4 subgroups. Subgroups were then characterized with respect to multiple indicators of impulsivity (ie, delay discounting and impulsive personality traits via the UPPS-P) and craving. Results: The CLPA confirmed the hypothesized 4-profile solution according to all indicators (eg, entropy = 0.90, all posterior probabilities ⩾.92). Profile 1 (n = 229 [32.2%], 24.9% female, median age in range of 45-49) reflected individuals with high alcohol severity and low psychiatric severity (HAlc/LPsy). Profile 2 (n = 193 [27.1%], 29.3% female, median age in range of 35-39) reflected individuals with high drug and psychiatric severity (HDrug/HPsy). Profile 3 (n = 160 [22.5%], 37.6% female, median age in range of 45-49) reflected individuals with high alcohol severity and psychiatric severity (HAlc/HPsy). Profile 4 (n = 130 [18.3%], 19.4% female, median age in range of 35-39) reflected individuals with high drug severity and low psychiatric severity (HDrug/LPsy). Both high comorbid psychiatric severity subgroups exhibited significantly higher craving and facets of impulsivity. Conclusions: The results provide further evidence of 4 latent subgroups among inpatients receiving addiction treatment, varying by alcohol versus other drugs and low versus high psychiatric comorbidity. Furthermore, they reveal the highest craving and impulsivity in the high psychiatric comorbidity groups, suggesting targets for more intensive clinical intervention in these patients.