bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTI‐FASCISM AND FREE SPEECH ON CAMPUS: ERNST TOLLER'S QUEENS COLLEGE AFFAIR1
Authors: Anderson Lisa Marie 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe countless public speeches Ernst Toller gave during his six‐year exile from Nazi Germany included a particularly controversial one in 1938 at the newly founded Queens College, in New York City. The controversy stemmed from the fact that it almost did not take place: two days after receiving what he understood to be an invitation to speak at a symposium, Toller learned that the college could not host him after all because of his well‐known anti‐Nazi stance and the danger that it might offend German‐Americans throughout the borough of Queens. Eventually the college heeded widespread criticism, including in the New York press, and Toller did address the college audience. This article compares Toller's ‘Queens College affair’ to other examples of the collision between fascism, anti‐fascism, and free speech in New York City in the 1930s, including the German‐American ‘Bund’ rally at Madison Square Garden in February 1939. The article considers what bearing these historical controversies have on current debates about free speech, including on college campuses.
Characterization of phalloidin‐negative nuclear actin filaments in U2OS cells expressing cytoplasmic actin‐EGFP
Authors: Nagasaki Akira , Katoh Kaoru , Hoshi Masamichi , Doi Motomichi , Nakamura Chikashi , Uyeda Taro Q. P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractActin is a major structural component of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells, including fungi, plants, and animals, and exists not only in the cytoplasm as cytoskeleton but also in the nucleus. Recently, we developed a novel actin probe, β‐actin‐EGFP fusion protein, which exhibited similar monomeric to filamentous ratio as that of endogenous actin, in contrast to the widely used EGFP‐β‐actin fusion protein that over‐assembles in cells. Unexpectedly, this novel probe visualized an interconnected meshwork of slightly curved beam‐like bundles of actin filaments in the nucleus of U2OS cells. These structures were not labeled with rhodamine phalloidin, Lifeact‐EGFP or anti‐actin antibodies. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and expression of cofilin‐EGFP revealed that this nuclear actin structures contained cofilin. We named these actin filaments as phalloidin‐negative intranuclear (PHANIN) actin filaments. Since PHANIN actin filaments could not be detected by general detection methods for actin filaments, we propose that PHANIN actin filaments are different from previously reported nuclear actin structures.
Women with HIV transitioning through menopause: Insights from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS)
Authors: Hachfeld Anna , Atkinson Andrew , Stute Petra , Calmy Alexandra , Tarr Philip E. , Darling Katharine , Babouee Flury Baharak , Polli Christian , Sultan‐Beyer Leila , Abela Irene A. , Aebi‐Popp Karoline ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS)
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to assess prevalence and age at menopause, identify factors associated with early menopause and explore the provision and utilization of healthcare in women living with HIV in Switzerland.MethodsThis was a retrospective Swiss HIV Cohort Study analysis from January 2010 to December 2018. Descriptive statistics to characterise the population and menopause onset. Logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for early menopause.ResultsOf all women in the SHCS, the proportion of postmenopausal women tripled from 11.5% (n = 274) in 2010 to 36.1% (n = 961) in 2018. The median age at menopause was 50 years. Early menopause (< 45 years) occurred in 115 (10.2%) women and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) (< 40 years) in 23 (2%) women. Early menopause was associated with black ethnicity (52.2% vs. 21.6%, p < 0.001), but not with HIV acquisition mode, CDC stage, viral suppression, CD4 cell count, hepatitis C, smoking or active drug use. While 92% of the postmenopausal women underwent a gynaecological examination during the 36 months before menopause documentation, only 27% received a bone mineral density measurement within 36 months after the last bleed and 11% were on hormone replacement therapy at the time of menopause documentation.ConclusionsThe median age of women living with HIV at menopause is around 2 years lower than that reported for HIV‐negative women in Switzerland. HIV care providers need to adapt their services to the requirements of the increasing number of women living with HIV transitioning through menopause. They should be able to recognize menopause‐associated symptoms and improve access to bone mineral density measurement as well as hormone replacement therapy.
Changing attitudes towards government responsibility for social welfare in China between 2004 and 2014: Evidence from three national surveys
Authors: Dalen Kristin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial policies in China have expanded rapidly since the early 2000s, broadening welfare provisions aiming to improve citizens’ well‐being in a context of rapid development and increasing inequality. How people see the role of the government in the provision of welfare is important to policy‐making in an authoritarian state, such as China, because regime legitimacy is tied to evaluations of government performance. To what extent have welfare attitudes changed as a new Chinese social security system has emerged? Drawing on nationally representative datasets from the China Inequality and Distributive Justice Survey Project for 2004, 2009 and 2014, this study finds that support for government provision of welfare has increased substantially within all population groups since 2004. Furthermore, traditional social cleavages, such as the urban–rural divide, seem to lose strength as a predictor of redistributive preference, possibly ‘deactivating’ these social cleavages as vehicles of political mobilisation.
Financial structure convergence
Authors: Sever Can 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFinancial structure, the degree to which a country's financial system is market‐ or bank‐based, matters for economic outcomes. Hence, it is important to understand the drivers of financial structure. This paper sheds light on this issue and explores a specific mechanism in the evolution of financial structure, namely convergence. Financial structure is shown to converge across countries over time. This pattern remains similar even after controlling for macroeconomic and institutional factors, or for banking sector characteristics. It is not specific to a region, and appears to be similarly strong around the globe. However, financial structure convergence is somewhat weaker in the emerging market and developing economies relative to the advanced economies. Given the role of financial structure in economic performance, these findings have implications for macroeconomic and financial policies. Moreover, bridging cross‐country gaps in financial structure has potential consequences for income differences across countries.
Why is it so difficult to realize Dy4+ in as‐synthesized BaZrO3?
Authors: Hoang Khang , Latouche Camille , Jobic Stéphane 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRare‐earth doped barium zirconate (BaZrO3) ceramics are of interest as proton‐conducting and luminescent materials. Here, we report a study of dysprosium (Dy) and other relevant point defects in BaZrO3 using hybrid density‐functional defect calculations. The tetravalent Dy4+ is found to be structurally and electronically stable at the Zr lattice site (i.e., as DyZr0), but most often energetically less favorable than the trivalent Dy3+ (i.e., DyZr–) in as‐synthesized BaZrO3, due to the formation of low‐energy, positively charged oxygen vacancies and the mixed‐site occupancy of Dy in the host lattice. The Dy4+/Dy3+ ratio can, in principle, be increased by preparing the material under highly oxidizing and Ba‐rich conditions and co‐doping with acceptor‐like impurities; however, a post‐synthesis treatment may still be needed to realize a nonnegligible Dy4+ concentration. We also find that certain unoccupied Dy 4f states and the O 2p states in the DyZr0 configuration are strongly hybridized, a feature not often seen in rare‐earth‐containing materials, and that the isolated DyZr defect might be the source of a broad blue emission in band‐to‐defect (“charge‐transfer”) luminescence.
Mercuric chloride‐induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity, haematological changes and histopathological alterations in fish Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793)
Authors: Trivedi Sunil P. , Singh Shefalee , Trivedi Abha , Kumar Manoj 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the adverse effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) overload in the fish Channa punctatus. Two sublethal test concentrations of HgCl2 (1/20th and 1/10th of 96 h LC50 i.e., 0.03 mg l−1 (low concentration) and 0.07 mg l−1 (high concentration), respectively, were used for exposure. Blood, liver and kidney tissues of the control and exposed specimens were sampled at intervals of 15, 30, and 45 days to assess alterations in oxidative stress, genotoxicity haematological parameters and histopathology. Significant changes in Hb%, RBC count, WBC count, antioxidant enzyme activity, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione reductase (GR), were recorded. Micronuclei (MN) induction, nuclear abnormalities (NAs) and histopathological alterations were also observed in the exposed fish. Significant (P < 0.05) increase in the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH and GR was observed. After 45 days, a decrease in the level of GSH and GR was noticed which suggests an undermined anti‐oxidative defence system in the fish exposed to HgCl2. Histological examination of the liver and kidney showed serious tissue injury and histological alterations. Significant increases in MN and NA frequencies reveal the DNA damage in erythrocytes of fish, and haematological changes show the toxicological potential of HgCl2. The observed changes in the antioxidant defence system, genotoxicity and haematological and histological changes in the present study provide the most extensive insight into HgCl2 stress in C. punctatus.
Regional differences in energy allocation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) along the U.S. Northeast Shelf (36°N to 42°N) and throughout the spawning season
Authors: Slesinger Emily , Bates Kiernan , Wuenschel Mark , Saba Grace K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFish reproduction is energetically costly, leading to a suite of energy allocation strategies for maximizing lifetime reproductive potential. Assessing energetic allocation for species that inhabit a wide distributional range can provide insight into different strategies found across individuals and populations. The Northern stock of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) inhabits the U.S. Northeast continental shelf from Cape Hatteras, NC, to the Gulf of Maine, and spawns inshore throughout this distribution from April to October. To assess energy allocation towards spawning, C. striata were collected in four regions across this distribution and throughout their spawning season. By assessing energetic allocation (lipid, energy density and total energy) in muscle, liver and gonad tissues, C. striata were identified as mixed breeders because while they mobilized somatic energy stores towards reproductive development, they also used energy acquired from their diet to sustain reproductive output throughout the spawning season. Unlike male fish, female fish both invested more energy into liver and gonad tissues and exhibited regional differences in energetic values. For both sexes, C. striata in the northern portion of the distribution had lower energetic values both in the somatic stores and towards gonadal development than the fish in the southern portion of the distribution, possibly because of longer migration distance. Overall, the authors found significant spatial variation in energetic constraints that may affect reproductive output and success (recruitment), a relevant result as C. striata are a popular recreational and commercial species throughout this distribution.
A diachronous record of metamorphism in metapelites of the Western Gneiss Region, Norway
Authors: March Samantha , Hand Martin , Tamblyn Renée , Carvalho Bruna B. , Clark Chris 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, data from garnet‐kyanite metapelites in ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) domains of the Western Gneiss Region (WGR), Norway, are presented. U–Pb geochronology and trace element compositions in zircon, monazite, apatite, rutile and garnet were acquired, and pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions were calculated using mineral equilibria forward modelling and Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry. Garnet‐kyanite gneiss from Ulsteinvik record a prograde evolution passing through ~690–710°C and ~9–11 kbar. Zircon and rutile age and thermometry data indicate these prograde conditions significantly pre‐date Silurian UHP subduction in the WGR and are interpreted to record early Caledonian subduction of continental‐derived allochthons. Minimum peak conditions in the Ulsteinvik metapelite occur at ~28 kbar, constrained by an inferred garnet+kyanite+omphacite+muscovite+rutile+coesite+H2O assemblage. The retrograde evolution passed through ~740°C and ~7 kbar, first recorded by the destruction of omphacite and followed by the partial replacement of kyanite and garnet by cordierite and spinel. Garnet‐kyanite metapelite from the diamond‐bearing Fjørtoft outcrop documents a polymetamorphic history, with garnet forming during the late Mesoproterozoic and limited preservation of high‐pressure Caledonian assemblages. Similar to the Ulsteinvik metapelite, zircon and rutile age data from the Fjørtoft metapelite also record pre‐Scandian Caledonian ages. Two potential tectonic scenarios are possible: (1) The samples were exhumed at different times during pre‐Scandian subduction of the Blåhø nappe, or (2) the samples do not share a history in the same nappe complex, instead the Ulsteinvik metapelite is a constituent of the Seve‐Blåhø Nappe, whilst the Fjørtoft metapelite shares its history within a separate nappe complex.
Are We Still Dependent? Academic Dependency Theory After 20 Years
Authors: Tenzin Jinba , Lee Chengpang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcademic dependency theory has attracted increasing attention in academia in the last two decades, especially during the last decade. Syed Farid Alatas, a Singapore‐Malaysia based sociologist, has contributed significantly to the popularization of the idea of academic dependency through theorizing and foregrounding the conditions of dependency in Western‐dominated knowledge production and the global division of academic labor. The growing importance of this idea as applied in Asian contexts is however inseparable from the reconfiguration of the world‐systems in which Asia and especially China have achieved great advancement economically and otherwise. In line with this transformation, we have seen an enhanced effort in Asia and the Global South towards decolonization and indigenization in educational and academic domains. We have therefore organized this special issue to engage critically with Alatas's theory and to rethink the status quo of dependency, decolonization and indigenization in Asia, particularly East Asia, in response to a new development in global and local higher education and research. To close our discussion, we call for an action‐based initiative to address and transform the circumstances of dependency and for more genuine global collaborations.
From ‘The Body Politic’ to ‘The National Interest’: English State Formation in Comparative and Historical Perspective (An Argument Concerning ‘Politically Organized Subjection’)
Authors: Corrigan Philip , Sayer Derek 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPreviously unpublished, “From the Body Politic to the National Interest” was presented at the Mellon Symposium in Historical Anthropology at California Institute of Technology in May 1987. We are publishing it in the Journal of Historical Sociology for the first time to honor Philip Corrigan's memory. The essay was an attempt to expand upon arguments in Philip Corrigan and Derek Sayer, The Great Arch: English State Formation as Cultural Revolution (1985) under two main rubrics: (1) “routines and rituals of rule” and (2) “regulated representations and the making of ‘the’ public.” In both cases we went beyond our treatment of these topics in The Great Arch, to which this paper should be seen as a supplement.
Political Economies of Knowledge Production: On and Around Academic Dependency
Authors: Alatas Syed Farid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractApproaches to the study of knowledge production on a global scale have drawn analogies from the study of political economy, namely, the theories of political economic imperialism and economic dependency, the notion of economic extractivism, and capitalism. Thus, we have the conceptualization of intellectual imperialism, academic dependency, academic extractivism and academic capitalism. This essay focuses on two of these phenomenon, that is, intellectual imperialism and academic dependency, suggesting that they refer to different, yet related, problems in global knowledge production. While intellectual imperialism is a crucial starting point for the understanding of knowledge production in the Third World/Periphery/South, it interacts with academic dependency to maintain the underdevelopment of academia in many communities worldwide.
Leaders’ response to employee overqualification: An explanation of the curvilinear moderated relationship
Authors: Jiang Jing , Dong Yanan , Hu Hanlin , Liu Qing , Guan Yanjun 
Published: February 2022

This research aimed to advance overqualification literature by examining how leaders’ perceived employee overqualification (LPEO) influences their empowering behaviour and employee work behaviours. Drawing upon the individualized leadership theory, we proposed that LPEO has an inverted U‐shape relationship with their empowering behaviour such that leaders are more motivated to empower employees from low to moderate levels of overqualification, but this tendency decreases after a certain inflection point. We also predicted that the inflection point occurs at a lower level of employee overqualification when leaders perceive higher (vs. lower) status threats. Leader empowering behaviour was hypothesized to positively predict employees’ voice and negatively predict their withdrawal behaviour. Two multi‐source and time‐lagged studies were conducted to examine this moderated mediation curvilinear model. In Study 1, survey data from 372 leader–employee dyads supported the inverted U‐shape mediation model from leaders’ perceived overqualification to empowering behaviour, then to employee outcomes (i.e., voice and withdrawal behaviour). In Study 2, we collected data from a sample of 73 team leaders and 286 employees, and the results supported the full model. Taken together, these findings offer a perspective to enrich the understanding of employee overqualification and have important practical implications.Practitioner points

When leaders regard employees as overqualified, they can assist them via the means of appropriate empowerment to best utilize their skills to benefit the company.

Leader empowerment can inspire employees’ voice behaviour but reduce their withdrawal behaviours.

To minimize potentially negative aspects from highly overqualified employees, organizations should reduce leaders’ concern about the status threat, and encourage leaders’ proactive responses to these employees so as to achieve positive returns from overqualified employees.
Describing Changes in Telebehavioral Health Utilization and Services Delivery in Rural School Settings in Pre‐ and Early Stages of the COVID‐19 Public Health Emergency
Authors: Ward Marcia M. , Ullrich Fred , Merchant Kimberly A. S. , Carter Knute D. , Bhagianadh Divya , Lacks Meghan , Taylor Erika , Gordon Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDReceiving treatment for behavioral health disorders remains problematic due to profound provider shortages. Telebehavioral health services are effective for providing quality care, but research literature on these services in schools is limited.METHODSData were collected during Fall 2019 and Spring 2020 semesters on all students receiving telebehavioral health services from 15 school‐based telehealth programs across the U.S.RESULTSFrom Fall 2019 to Spring 2020, 62 schools providing services during both periods increased the number of students served from 396 to 745, increased the average number of encounters per student from 2.4 to 4.1, increased the percentage of encounters delivered by clinical social workers, mental health counselors, and clinical psychologists (all p < .001), and increased the use of individual counseling, family counseling, and group counseling (all p < .001). Schools that initiated the service in Spring 2020 (n = 25) averaged 6.5 encounters for the 301 students receiving services, delivered mostly by clinical social workers or professional counselors, using individual counseling.CONCLUSIONOverall, data indicate programs significantly increased both behavioral services provided to their ongoing schools and increased the number of schools served. Undoubtedly telebehavioral health care delivery provided a swift and necessary response to the challenges posed by the growing pandemic threat.
Biodiversity stabilizes primary productivity through compensatory effects under warming conditions
Authors: Li Chenlan , Jiang Yuan , Wang Zihui , Hogan J. Aaron , Luo Wenqi , Xu Han , Chu Chengjin , Fang Suqin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimDiversity may increase the resistance of ecosystem productivity to environmental stress, such as warming, via compensatory processes associated with adjustments of species interactions. However, experimental evidence of compensatory processes that buffer productivity declines in relation to environmental stress is limited, especially in below‐ground settings. We asked whether species richness could stabilize productivity under warming via compensatory responses in root biomass and root functional traits.MethodsUsing three herbaceous species, we created plant communities composed of four individuals in either monocultures or two‐ and three‐species assemblages. We grew them at three temperatures, simulating current climate conditions, moderate warming and severe warming, respectively. We built mixed‐linear mixed models to model plant productivity by species richness and warming and we also analyzed the interactive roles of species richness and warming in species interaction and root functional traits.ResultsWe found that warming reduced both above‐ and below‐ground productivity and shifted the biodiversity–productivity relationship from negative to positive. Productivity reductions were weaker in richer species combinations. Warming ameliorated the strength of interspecific competition below‐ground in mixed‐species communities by reducing the root biomass of strong competitors, which benefitted root growth of weaker competitors.ConclusionsOur results suggest warming can facilitate compensatory responses in herbaceous root productivity across species competition hierarchies. These compensatory processes by which species richness stabilizes plant community functioning emphasize the importance that plant functional diversity has in maintaining ecosystem functioning with climate change.