bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment effectiveness in a rare oncology indication: Lessons from an external control cohort study
Authors: Oksen Dina , Prince Patricia , Boutmy Emmanuelle , Garry Elizabeth M. , Ellers‐Lenz Barbara , Estrin Adina , Johne Andreas , Verpillat Patrice , Gatto Nicolle M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReal‐world data (RWD) reflecting patient treatment in routine clinical practice can be used to develop external control groups for single‐arm trials. External controls can provide valuable benchmark results on potential comparator drug effectiveness, particularly in rare indications when randomized controlled trials are either infeasible or unethical. This paper describes lessons learned from a descriptive real‐world external control cohort study conducted to provide benchmark data for a single‐arm clinical trial in a rare oncology biomarker driven disease. Conducting external control cohort studies to evaluate treatment effectiveness in rare indications likely will present data and analysis challenges as seen in the example study. However, there are mitigating measures that can be applied in the study design, identification of RWD sources, and data analysis. The lessons learned and reported here with a proposal of an external control study framework can provide guidance for future research in this area, and may be applicable as well in other rare indications. Taking these learnings into consideration, the use of real‐world external controls to contextualize treatment effectiveness in rare indications is a valuable approach and warrants further application in the future.
Identifying conservation priorities for gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters with multiple methods including citizen science and social media content analysis
Authors: Liconti Arianna , Pittman Simon J. , Rees Sian E. , Mieszkowska Nova 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimGorgonian forests are among the most complex of subtidal habitats in the Mediterranean Sea, supporting high biodiversity and providing diverse ecosystem services. Despite their iconic status, the geographical distribution and condition of gorgonian species is poorly known. Using multiple online data sources, our primary aims were to compile, map and analyse observations of gorgonian forests in Italian coastal waters to assess the biological complexity of gorgonian forests, evaluate impacts and vulnerable species, and identify areas of special interest inside and outside of marine protected areas (MPAs) to help prioritize conservation strategies and actions.LocationItaly. Mediterranean Sea.MethodsUsing a multi‐source data integration approach, we collected and integrated data from scientific publications, the World Wide Web including social media platforms, citizen science projects and SCUBA diver questionnaires into a unified spatial framework. This method provided up‐to‐date information on the geographical distribution, abundance, and health of major habitat‐forming gorgonian species in Italian coastal waters.ResultsHigher abundance and complexity of gorgonian species occurred outside MPAs. Areas of Special Interest (n = 167) were identified (80 inside and 87 outside MPAs). Three locations supported all seven focal species: Capo Caccia MPA, Portofino MPA and Catania (unprotected). The purple gorgonian (Paramuricea clavata), the most abundant and geographically widespread species with highest forest complexity, was affected by multiple stressors including thermal stress, disease and fishing.Main conclusionsThe multi‐source approach was a rapid and cost‐effective tool to gather, analyse and map disparate data on gorgonian forests spanning 27 years of underwater observations both inside and outside of MPAs. The unique perspective given by this approach demonstrates the suboptimal protection of several habitat‐forming gorgonian species. The approach has great potential for wider application and offers a more inclusive participatory model for crowdsourcing and repurposing under‐utilized observations while also increasing ocean literacy.
Gross motor function prediction using natural language processing in cerebral palsy
Authors: Greve Kelly , Ni Yizhao , Bailes Amy F. , Vargus‐Adams Jilda , Miley Aimee E. , Aronow Bruce , McMahon Mary M. , Kurowski Brad G. , Mitelpunkt Alexis 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo predict ambulatory status and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) by applying natural language processing (NLP) to electronic health record (EHR) clinical notes.MethodIndividuals aged 8 to 26 years with a diagnosis of CP in the EHR between January 2009 and November 2020 (~12 years of data) were included in a cross‐sectional retrospective cohort of 2483 patients. The cohort was divided into train‐test and validation groups. Positive predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) were calculated for prediction of ambulatory status and GMFCS levels.ResultsThe median age was 15 years (interquartile range 10–20 years) for the total cohort, with 56% being male and 75% White. The validation group resulted in 70% sensitivity, 88% specificity, 81% positive predictive value, and 0.89 AUC for predicting ambulatory status. NLP applied to the EHR differentiated between GMFCS levels I–II and III (15% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 46% positive predictive value, and 0.71 AUC); and IV and V (81% sensitivity, 51% specificity, 70% positive predictive value, and 0.75 AUC).InterpretationNLP applied to the EHR demonstrated excellent differentiation between ambulatory and non‐ambulatory status, and good differentiation between GMFCS levels I–II and III, and IV and V. Clinical use of NLP may help to individualize functional characterization and management.What this paper adds

Natural language processing (NLP) applied to the electronic health record (EHR) can predict ambulatory status in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
NLP provides good prediction of Gross Motor Function Classification System level in children with CP using the EHR.
NLP methods described could be integrated in an EHR system to provide real‐time information.
Comparative efficacy of novel antidiabetic drugs on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Cao Hongwei , Liu Tao , Wang Li , Ji Qiuhe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo conduct a systematic review and network meta‐analysis to determine the comparative effectiveness of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).MethodsPhase III or IV randomized, placebo‐controlled trials evaluating SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP‐1RAs or DPP‐4 inhibitors in patients with DKD were identified from the MEDLINE database. The outcomes of interest were a kidney‐specific composite outcome, kidney disease progression, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and cardiovascular death. A network meta‐analysis was conducted to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsSixteen trials representing a total of 46 292 patients were included. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of the kidney‐specific composite outcome by 26% compared to GLP‐1RAs (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.62‐0.88) and by 36% compared to DPP‐4 inhibitors (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.52‐0.79). The risk of MACE was significantly reduced with SGLT2 inhibitors (by 18%; HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.72‐0.93), and with GLP‐1RAs (by 18%; HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69‐0.96), compared to DPP‐4 inhibitors. SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of HHF by 28% compared to GLP‐1RAs (HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56‐0.92) and by 41% compared to DPP‐4 inhibitors (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.49‐0.71).ConclusionsA clear advantage was demonstrated by SGLT2 inhibitors in reducing the risks of CV and renal events in patients with DKD, compared to GLP‐1RAs and DPP‐4 inhibitors. We recommend that SGLT2 inhibitors be considered the treatment of choice in patients with DKD.
Ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) mutations in two patients with tubular aggregate myopathy
Authors: Vattemi Gaetano Nicola Alfio , Rossi Daniela , Galli Lucia , Catallo Maria Rosaria , Pancheri Elia , Marchetto Giulia , Cisterna Barbara , Malatesta Manuela , Pierantozzi Enrico , Tonin Paola , Sorrentino Vincenzo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTwo likely causative mutations in theRYR1gene were identified in two patients with myopathy with tubular aggregates, but no evidence of cores or core‐like pathology on muscle biopsy. These patients were clinically evaluated and underwent routine laboratory investigations, electrophysiologic tests, muscle biopsy and muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They reported stiffness of the muscles following sustained activity or cold exposure and had serum creatine kinase elevation. The identifiedRYR1mutations (p.Thr2206Met or p.Gly2434Arg, in patient 1 and patient 2, respectively) were previously identified in individuals with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility and are reported as causative according to the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group rules. To our knowledge, these data represent the first identification of causative mutations in theRYR1gene in patients with tubular aggregate myopathy and extend the spectrum of histological alterations caused by mutation in theRYR1gene.
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor type‐1 mediates brain activation in micro‐positron emission tomography analysis in a fibromyalgia‐like mouse model
Authors: Neyama Hiroyuki , Nishiyori Michiko , Cui Yilong , Watanabe Yasuyoshi , Ueda Hiroshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe intermittent cold stress‐induced generalized pain response mimics the pathophysiological and pharmacotherapeutic features reported for fibromyalgia patients, including the presence of chronic generalized pain and female dominance. In addition, the intermittent cold stress‐induced generalized pain is abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor type‐1 knockout mice, as reported in many cases of neuropathic pain models. This study aimed to identify the brain loci involved in the intermittent cold stress generalized pain response and test their dependence on the lysophosphatidic acid receptor type‐1. Positron emission tomography analyses using 2‐deoxy‐2‐[18F]fluoro‐d‐glucose in the presence of a pain stimulus showed that intermittent cold stress causes a significant increase in uptake in the ipsilateral regions, including the salience networking‐related anterior cingulate cortex and insular cortex and the cognition‐related hippocampus. A significant decrease was observed in the default mode network‐related posterior cingulate cortex. Almost these intermittent cold stress‐induced changes were abolished in lysophosphatidic acid receptor type‐1 knockout mice. There results suggest that the intermittent cold stress‐induced generalized pain response is mediated by the lysophosphatidic acid receptor type‐1 in specific brain loci related to salience networking and cognition, which may lead to further developments in the treatment of fibromyalgia.
Long‐term independence and quality of life after subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson disease
Authors: Castrioto Anna , Debû Bettina , Cousin Emilie , Pelissier Pierre , Lhommée Eugénie , Bichon Amélie , Schmitt Emmanuelle , Kistner Andrea , Meoni Sara , Seigneuret Eric , Chabardes Stephan , Krack Paul , Moro Elena , Fraix Valérie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeStudies on long‐term nonmotor outcomes of subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson disease (PD) are scarce. This study reports on very long‐term non‐motor and motor outcomes in one of the largest cohorts of people with advanced PD, treated for >10 years with subthalamic nucleus stimulation. The main outcome was to document the evolution of independence in activities of daily living. The secondary outcomes were to measure the change in quality of life, as well as non‐motor and motor outcomes.MethodsPatients were studied preoperatively, at 1 year, and beyond 10 years after subthalamic stimulation with an established protocol including motor, non‐motor, and neuropsychological assessments.ResultsEighty‐five people with PD were included. Independence scores in the off‐medication condition (measured with the Schwab & England Activities of Daily Living Scale) as well as quality of life (measured with the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire [PDQ]‐37) remained improved at longest follow‐up compared to preoperatively (respectively, p < 0.001, p = 0.015). Cognitive scores, measured with the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, significantly worsened compared to before and 1 year after surgery (p < 0.001), without significant change in depression, measured with the Beck Depression Inventory. Motor fluctuations, dyskinesias, and off dystonia remained improved at longest follow‐up (p < 0.001), with a significant reduction in dopaminergic treatment (45%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis study highlights the long‐term improvement of subthalamic stimulation on independence and quality of life, despite the progression of disease and the occurrence of levodopa‐resistant symptoms.
Locality, legitimacy and the limits of diversion: Reviewing youth justice in Jersey
Authors: Evans Jonathan , Raynor Peter , Heath Brian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article is based on the authors’ involvement in two reviews of Jersey's youth justice system, carried out in 2010 and 2018. The reviews provide fresh insights into the process of moving towards a child‐first, rights‐informed youth justice system; the potential of traditional community justice to be used as a vehicle for diversion, particularly when such culturally embedded practices enjoy public support; and the need to adapt strategies to the limitations of local conditions and resources in order to ensure feasibility. These findings support and amplify the conclusions of recent research on how localities can shape youth justice.
Identification of preserved egg white protein glycation and insight into the bioactivity
Authors: Wang Chenyan , Meng Yaqi , Ning Qiu , Guyonnet Vincent , Keast Russell , Zhu Chunxia , Mine Yoshinori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPreserved eggs have been reported to possess anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant bioactivities, which are enhanced after protein glycation. However, it is still unknown which proteins are glycated during pickling process of preserved eggs and whether the glycated proteins are related to the bioactivity of preserved eggs. In this study, UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS was used to identify glycation of proteins in preserved egg white (PEW) and duck egg white (DEW). Altogether, 142 sites on 53 glycated proteins were detected in PEW while 9 sites on 2 glycated proteins were found in DEW. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that the glycation of PEW proteins (e.g. Ovalbumin, Ovotransferrin, Albumin) were supposed to be connected with allergenicity reduction, and the enhancement of antibacterial and antioxidant bioactivities. These findings provide some indications for the future studies on the detailed bioactivities of glycated proteins in PEW, and pave the way for applied research on glycation and the development of functional foods.
Serum zonulin as an index of glucose dysregulation in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity
Authors: Olivieri Francesca , Maguolo Alice , Corradi Massimiliano , Zusi Chiara , Huber Valentina , Fornari Elena , Morandi Anita , Maffeis Claudio 
Published: June 2022

SummaryIncreased intestinal permeability has an important role in metabolic dysregulation. In this cross‐sectional study, we examined whether serum intestinal permeability marker zonulin and related pro‐inflammatory molecules were associated with the oral disposition index, a predictor for the development of type 2 diabetes, in a cohort of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Ninety‐two children and adolescents were recruited [Male: 43; 12.7 (2.35) years; BMI SDS: 2.7 (0.96)]. Anthropometric and clinical parameters, lipid profile, glucose metabolism and plasma levels of zonulin, lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein and Interleukin‐6 were measured. We found an association between oral disposition index and zonulin (β = −0.243; p = 0.019) and age (β = −0.307; p = 0.004), independent of sex and BMI SDS [R2 = 0.16; p = 0.005]. Our results show an association between serum zonulin concentration and oral disposition index supporting the hypothesis of increased intestinal permeability as a possible risk factor for glucose metabolism dysregulation in children and adolescents with obesity.
What (not) to add in your ad: When job ads discourage older or younger job seekers to apply
Authors: Koçak Aylin , Derous Eva , Born Marise Ph. , Duyck Wouter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBoth older and younger job seekers face difficulties when entering the workforce. Qualification‐based targeted recruitment (QBTR) might be used to attract older/younger job seekers, yet how this strategy is perceived by older/younger job seekers has not been considered before. The present study fills this gap and investigated effects of negatively metastereotyped information in job ads (i.e., personality requirements or traits) on application intention and self‐efficacy of both older and younger job seekers. An experimental study (Ntotal = 556; 44.6% aged 50 or older, 55.4% aged 30 or younger) showed that negatively metastereotyped traits in job ads (e.g., “flexible”) lowered older job seekers’ application intention and that this effect was mediated by older job seekers’ self‐efficacy regarding that trait. No such effects were found among younger job seekers. Results showed that organizations can fail to attract older candidates because of the traits mentioned in job ads, which is particularly alarming when aiming to target age‐diverse applicants. Suggestions for practitioners and future research are formulated.
Prognostic significance of 24‐h blood pressure and variability indices in the outcome of acute ischaemic stroke
Authors: Kakaletsis Nikolaos , Ntaios George , Milionis Haralampos , Karagiannaki Anastasia , Chouvarda Ioanna , Dourliou Vasiliki , Chytas Achileas , Hatzitolios Apostolos I. , Savopoulos Christos 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe association between blood pressure (BP) levels and BP variability (BPV) following acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and outcome remains controversial.AimsTo investigate the predictive value of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) and BPV measured using 24‐h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) methods during AIS regarding outcome.MethodsA total of 228 AIS patients (175 without prior disability) underwent ABPM every 20 min within 48 h from onset using an automated oscillometric device (TM 2430, A&D Company Ltd) during day time (7:00–22:59) and night time (23:00–6:59). Risk factors, stroke subtypes, clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. Mean BP parameters and several BPV indices were calculated. End‐points were death and unfavourable functional outcome (disability/death) at 3 months.ResultsA total of 61 (26.7%) patients eventually died. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only mean night‐time DBP (hazard ratio (HR): 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.07) was an independent prognostic factor of death. Of the 175 patients without prior disability, 79 (45.1%) finally met the end‐point of unfavourable functional outcome. Mean 24‐h SBP (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00–1.05), day‐time SBP (HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00–1.05) and night‐time SBP (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.05), SBP nocturnal decline (HR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.88–0.99), mean 24‐h DBP (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.03–1.13), day‐time DBP (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03–1.12) and night‐time DBP (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.10) were independent prognostic factors of an unfavourable functional outcome.ConclusionsIn contrast with BPV indices, ABPM‐derived BP levels and lower or absence of BP nocturnal decline in the acute phase are prognostic factors of outcome in AIS patients.
Identifying barriers affecting citizen participation in community‐driven development projects in Afghanistan: A case study of Herat city
Authors: Hanif Asadullah , Khakpoor Barat Ali , Kharazmi Omid Ali , Loodin Najibullah 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe World Bank has prioritised and implemented the Citizen Charter National Priority Program (CCNPP) – a community‐driven development program aiming to broadly engage local communities in planning and implementation of the community‐driven development projects in Afghanistan. This paper has utilised Arnstein's model of citizen's participation – the eight stages of citizen participation ladder – to assess the major barriers affecting citizen engagement in community‐driven development projects in Afghanistan. Employing a qualitative approach, we have conducted semi‐structured interviews and focus group discussions with local communities, elders of the community development councils, community development experts and practitioners. The paper has found out that poverty, deinstitutionalised Community Development Councils (CDCs), low level of literacy, lack of volunteering culture, male‐dominance in decision‐making processes, defects in CCNPP operational processes including limited time frame, predefined services, power‐seeking facilitating partners, area selection, and weak CDCs are among the major barriers affecting citizen participation in community‐driven projects in Afghanistan. This paper concluded that citizen's participation in community‐driven development projects in Afghanistan is placed at informing and consultation stages and, in some projects, could be placed at the placation stage of Arnstein's model of citizen participation.
Geoglomeris subterranea (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae), the first morphologically non‐specialized semiaquatic glomerid millipede?
Authors: Valkay Haľková Beáta , Tajovský Karel , Grego Jozef , Žurovcová Martina , Mock Andrej 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeoglomeris subterranea Verhoeff 1908 is a small (2–3 mm), blind, and depigmented representative of the order Glomerida, with a predominantly Western European distribution. Towards Central Europe (the Czech Republic, Austria), the species is found only sporadically, and its occurrence is documented by a small number of individuals. Recently, we documented this species in three orographic units of Slovakia (Slovenské stredohorie mountain range, Slovak Karst, and Pieniny Mountains), always on limestone bedrock. These findings represent the easternmost documented occurrence of the species. Analysis of the mitochondrial COI gene confirmed the identity as the species G. subterranea from Western Europe. The circumstances of the findings in Slovakia were very surprising: At the first two localities, living individuals were repeatedly collected from the bottom of karst springs, together with stygobiont fauna. This expands our knowledge of semiaquatic millipedes and proves to be unique to the order Glomerida. In a subsequent study, we found a close association of this species with the rhizosphere within soil saturated by water at karst springs, in humid to wet habitats. Nonetheless, using detailed morphological study, no morphological adaptations to the aquatic environment were found.