bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited-memory common-directions method for large-scale optimization: convergence, parallelization, and distributed optimization
Authors: Lee Ching-pei , Wang Po-Wei , Lin Chih-Jen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a limited-memory common-directions method for smooth optimization that interpolates between first- and second-order methods. At each iteration, a subspace of a limited dimension size is constructed using first-order information from previous iterations, and an efficient Newton method is deployed to find an approximate minimizer within this subspace. With properly selected subspace of dimension as small as two, the proposed algorithm achieves the optimal convergence rates for first-order methods while remaining a descent method, and it also possesses fast convergence speed on nonconvex problems. Since the major operations of our method are dense matrix-matrix operations, the proposed method can be efficiently parallelized in multicore environments even for sparse problems. By wisely utilizing historical information, our method is also communication-efficient in distributed optimization that uses multiple machines as the Newton steps can be calculated with little communication. Numerical study shows that our method has superior empirical performance on real-world large-scale machine learning problems.
If sex discrimination in pay is still a societal problem, job evaluation is the answer
Authors: Barrett Gerald V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStrah et al. (2021) claimed “pay inequality between men and women remains a salient societal issue” (p. 1). We agree that it is a societal issue, but we believe this issue has already been solved by existing job evaluation procedures. Job evaluation procedures have shown to be reliable and valid methods for assessing whether an organization can meet equal pay standards. The authors presented no scientific evidence that this was inaccurate. In fact, nearly 50 years ago there was considerable evidence that equal pay standards, both scientific and legal, were met by job evaluation.
Statistical analysis between 2006 and 2019 and forecast of rabies in cattle from 2020 to 2022 in Tocantins State (Brazil), by using the R Studio software
Authors: Santos Alessandro José Ferreira dos , Ferreira Jardel Martins , Baptista Francisco , Alexandrino Bruna , Silva Marco A. Giannoccaro da , Gomes José Emerson C. , Veloso Júnior José Pereira , Tavares Raydleno Mateus , Almeida Katyane de Sousa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rabies in cattle is a viral disease with mandatory notification in Brazil, transmitted by Desmodus rotundus, which causes an invariably fatal acute encephalitis. To understand the dynamics of this disease in Tocantins state, Brazil, an analysis of the time series of rabies cases in cattle between 2006 and 2019 was carried out to describe the pattern of its occurrence, aiming to subsidise the Official Veterinary Service (OVS) with relevant information to enable the improvement of control actions provided for in the guidelines of the National Program for the Control of Rabies in Herbivores (NPCRH). The statistical analyses of the time series under study were performed using the R Studio software, version 1.1.463, in which the existence of trend, cyclicality and seasonality of rabies cases in cattle was assessed. These analyses showed that this disease is endemic in Tocantins state, with epidemic outbreaks that can occur every 3 or 4 years, without a seasonality pattern. The autoregressive integrated by moving average (ARIMA(4,1,4)) model predicted the approximate occurrence of 38 rabies cases in cattle in 2022 and all monthly records of this disease remained within the predicted confidence interval (95% CI) in 2020 and 2021, demonstrating it has a good predictive capacity and allowing OVS to intervene in the present processes to achieve better control of this disease.
Rogers semilattices of punctual numberings
Authors: Bazhenov Nikolay , Mustafa Manat , Ospichev Sergei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paper works within the framework of punctual computability, which is focused on eliminating unbounded search from constructions in algebra and infinite combinatorics. We study punctual numberings, that is, uniform computations for families S of primitive recursive functions. The punctual reducibility between numberings is induced by primitive recursive functions. This approach gives rise to upper semilattices of degrees, which are called Rogers pr-semilattices. We show that any infinite, uniformly primitive recursive family S induces an infinite Rogers pr-semilattice R. We prove that the semilattice R does not have minimal elements, and every nontrivial interval inside R contains an infinite antichain. In addition, every non-greatest element from R is a part of an infinite antichain. We show that the
$\Sigma_1$
-fragment of the theory Th(R) is decidable.
Predicted Sea‐Level Rise‐Driven Biogeomorphological Changes on Fire Island, New York: Implications for People and Plovers
Authors: Zeigler S. L. , Gutierrez B. T. , Lentz E. E. , Plant N. G. , Sturdivant E. J. , Doran K. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractForecasting biogeomorphological conditions for barrier islands is critical for informing sea‐level rise (SLR) planning, including management of coastal development and ecosystems. We combined five probabilistic models to predict SLR‐driven changes and their implications on Fire Island, New York, by 2050. We predicted barrier island biogeomorphological conditions, dynamic landcover response, piping plover (Charadrius melodus) habitat availability, and probability of storm overwash under three scenarios of shoreline change (SLC) and compared results to observed 2014/2015 conditions. Scenarios assumed increasing rates of mean SLC from 0 to 4.71 m erosion per year. We observed uncertainty in several morphological predictions (e.g., beach width, dune height), suggesting decreasing confidence that Fire Island will evolve in response to SLR as it has in the past. Where most likely conditions could be determined, models predicted that Fire Island would become flatter, narrower, and more overwash‐prone with increasing rates of SLC. Beach ecosystems were predicted to respond dynamically to SLR and migrate with the shoreline, while marshes lost the most area of any landcover type compared to 2014/2015 conditions. Such morphological changes may lead to increased flooding or breaching with coastal storms. However—although modest declines in piping plover habitat were observed with SLC—the dynamic response of beaches, flatter topography, and increased likelihood of overwash suggest storms could promote suitable conditions for nesting piping plovers above what our geomorphology models predict. Therefore, Fire Island may offer a conservation opportunity for coastal species that rely on early successional beach environments if natural overwash processes are encouraged.
miR-550a-3p is a prognostic biomarker and exerts tumor-suppressive functions by targeting HSP90AA1 in diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma
Authors: El Bezawy Rihan , Percio Stefano , Ciniselli Chiara Maura , De Cesare Michelandrea , Colella Gennaro , Dugo Matteo , Veneroni Silvia , Doldi Valentina , Martini Silvia , Baratti Dario , Kusamura Shigeki , Verderio Paolo , Deraco Marcello , Gandellini Paolo , Zaffaroni Nadia , Zuco Valentina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM) is a rare and rapidly lethal tumor, poorly responsive to conventional treatments. In this regards, the identification of molecular alterations underlying DMPM onset and progression might be exploited to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we focused onmiR-550a-3p, which we found downregulated in 45 DMPM clinical samples compared to normal tissues and whose expression levels were associated with patient outcome. Through a gain-of-function approach using miRNA mimics in 3 DMPM cell lines, we demonstrated the tumor-suppressive role ofmiR-550a-3p. Specifically, miRNA ectopic expression impaired cell proliferation and invasiveness, enhanced the apoptotic response, and reduced the growth of DMPM xenografts in mice. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects were also observed in prostate and ovarian cancer cell lines followingmiR-550a-3pectopic expression.miR-550a-3peffects were mediated, at least in part, by the direct inhibition ofHSP90AA1and the consequent downregulation of its target proteins, the levels of which were rescued upon disruption of miRNA-HSP90AA1mRNA pairing, partially abrogatingmiR-550a-3p-induced cellular effects. Our results show thatmiR-550a-3preconstitution affects several tumor traits, thus suggesting this approach as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for DMPM.
No effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice on microvascular function and blood pressure in younger and older individuals: a randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind pilot study
Authors: Rogerson David , Aguilar Mora Fabio Alejandro , Young Jamie Stuart , Klonizakis Markos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background/Objectives
To compare the effects of supplemental inorganic nitrate (NO3) on microvascular endothelial function and blood pressure in younger vs. older participants.

Subjects/Methods
25 individuals participated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study. Participants were stratified by age (18–35 and ≥55 years) and consumed a single dose beetroot juice (providing 6.4 mmol NO3) or NO3-depleted beetroot juice. Blood pressure, microvascular function (via Laser Doppler Flowmetry; LDF) and urinary NO3 were assessed, and the effects of NO3 supplementation on cardiovascular parameters were compared between participants and conditions using mixed-design ANOVA.

Results
Treatments and methods were well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported. Urinary NO3 increased 3 h following ingestion in both groups, (P = 0.02). Levels remained elevated at 24 h post consumption in younger participants only (P = 0.02). Beetroot juice had no effect on blood pressure in either group nor on microcirculatory endothelial function.

Conclusions
Beetroot juice had no effect on blood pressure or microvascular endothelial function in young and older individuals. Dosage and timing regimens for supplemental beetroot juice should be avenues for further inquiry.
Multimodal thrombectomy device for treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Ismail Usama , Rowe Roger A. , Cashin John , Genin Guy M. , Zayed Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially deadly medical condition that is costly to treat and impacts thousands of Americans every year. DVT is characterized by the formation of blood clots within the deep venous system of the body. If a DVT dislodges it can lead to venous thromboembolism (VTE) and pulmonary embolism (PE), both of which can lead to significant morbidity or death. Current treatment options for DVT are limited in both effectiveness and safety, in part because the treatment of the DVT cannot be confined to a defined sequestered treatment zone. We therefore developed and tested a novel thrombectomy device that enables the sequesteration of a DVT to a defined treatment zone during fragmentation and evacuation. We observed that, compared to a predicate thrombectomy device, the sequestered approach reduced distal DVT embolization during ex vivo thrombectomy. The sequestered approach also facilitated isovolumetric infusion and suction that enabled clearance of the sequestered treatment zone without significantly impacting vein wall diameter. Results suggest that our novel device using sequestered therapy holds promise for the treatment of high risk large-volume DVTs.
Increased angiogenic factors in the aqueous and vitreous humors after disinsertion of extraocular muscle and the effects of triamcinolone acetate injection
Authors: Suk-Gyu Ha , Kang Boram , Song Jong Suk 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe four extraocular rectus muscles in the rabbits were disinserted for induction of anterior segment ischemia (ASI) and the changes in the concentrations of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the aqueous and vitreous humor were evaluated. Disinsertion of four rectus muscles in rabbits was performed in the right eyes of rabbits (ASI group). The concentrations of PGE2, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the aqueous and vitreous humor were measured at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h by ELISA. The concentrations were compared with those of the fellow eyes (contralateral group) and normal healthy eyes (control group). Subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was administered and three cytokine concentrations in the aqueous humor and vitreous humor were measured at 12 h after TA injection. A total of 48 eyes from 28 rabbits were included. The concentrations of PGE2, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the aqueous humor in the ASI and contralateral groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05, all). The aqueous and vitreous humor concentrations of VEGF in eyes with simultaneous TA injection were significantly lower than were those in the ASI group (p = 0.02, all). The concentration of PGE2, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the aqueous humor was increased after induction of ASI and TA injection seems to be effective in inhibiting VEGF elevation in ASI.
Analysis of the boundary integral equation for the growth of a parabolic/paraboloidal dendrite with convection
Authors: Titova E A , Alexandrov D V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The growth of a parabolic/paraboloidal dendrite streamlined by viscous and potential flows in an undercooled one-component melt is analyzed using the boundary integral equation. The total melt undercooling is found as a function of the Péclet, Reynolds, and Prandtl numbers in two- and three-dimensional cases. The solution obtained coincides with the modified Ivantsov solution known from previous theories of crystal growth. Varying Péclet and Reynolds numbers we show that the melt undercooling practically coincides in cases of viscous and potential flows for a small Prandtl number, which is typical for metals. In cases of water solutions and non-metallic alloys, the Prandtl number is not small enough and the melt undercooling is substantially different for viscous and potential flows. In other words, a simpler potential flow hydrodynamic model can be used instead of a more complicated viscous flow model when studying the solidification of undercooled metals with convection.
Multiview Wasserstein generative adversarial network for imbalanced pearl classification
Authors: Gao Shuang , Dai Yun , Li Yingjie , Liu Kaixin , Chen Kun , Liu Yi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This work described in this paper aims to enhance the level of automation of industrial pearl classification through deep learning methods. To better extract the features of different classes and improve classification accuracy, balanced training datasets are usually needed for machine learning methods. However, the pearl datasets obtained in practice are often imbalanced; in particular, the acquisition cost of some classes is high. An enhanced generative adversarial network, named the multiview Wasserstein generative adversarial network (MVWGAN), is proposed for the imbalanced pearl classification problem. For the minority classes in the training datasets, the MVWGAN method can generate high-quality multiview images simultaneously to balance the original imbalanced datasets. The augmented balanced datasets are used to train a multistream convolution neural network (MS-CNN) for pearl classification. The experimental results show that MVWGAN can overcome the imbalanced learning problem and improve the classification performance of MS-CNN effectively. Moreover, feature visualization is implemented to intuitively explain the effectiveness of MVWGAN.
Partial Hadamard encoded synthetic transmit aperture for high frame rate imaging with minimal l
2-norm least squares method
Authors: Zhang Jingke , Liu Jing , Fan Wei , Qiu Weibao , Luo Jianwen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective. Synthetic transmit aperture (STA) ultrasound imaging is well known for ideal focusing in the full field of view. However, it suffers from low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low frame rate, because each transducer element must be activated individually. In our previous study, we encoded all the transducer elements with partial Hadamard matrix and reconstructed the complete STA dataset with compressed sensing (CS) algorithm (CS-STA). As all the elements are activated in each transmission and the number of transmissions is smaller than that of STA, this method can achieve higher SNR and higher frame rate. Its main drawback is the time-consuming CS reconstruction (∼hours). In this study, we propose to accelerate the complete STA dataset reconstruction with minimal l
2-norm least squares method. Approach. Partial Hadamard apodized plane wave (PW) transmissions were performed to acquire the PW dataset. Thereafter, the complete STA dataset can be reconstructed from the PW dataset with minimal l
2-norm least squares method. Due to the orthogonality of partial Hadamard matrix, the minimal l
2-norm least squares solution can be easily calculated. Main results. The proposed method is tested with simulation data and experimental phantom and in-vivo data. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves ∼5 × 103 times faster reconstruction speed than CS algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is capable of achieving the same accuracy as the conventional CS-STA method for the STA dataset reconstruction. The simulations, phantom and in-vivo experiments show that the proposed method is capable of improving the generalized contrast-to-noise ratio (gCNR) and SNR with maintained spatial resolution and fewer transmissions, compared with STA. Significance. In conclusion, the improved image quality and reduced computational time of LS-STA pave the way for its real-time applications in the clinics.
Two-dimensional hole gases in SiGeSn alloys
Authors: Oehme Michael , Kasper Erich , Weißhaupt David , Sigle Eric , Hersperger Tim , Wanitzek Maurice , Schwarz Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional hole gases are demonstrated in modulation doped Si
x
Ge1−x−y
Sn
y
quantum wells (QWs), which are embedded in Si0.2Ge0.8 barrier layers. The modulation doped QW structures are fabricated with molecular beam epitaxy on a thin (100 nm) virtual SiGe substrate on a (001) oriented Si substrate. The virtual substrate (VS) concept utilizes the Si diffusion into an as- grown thin, strain relaxed Ge layer during a following annealing step. The lateral lattice spacing of the SiGe-VS could be varied by the annealing temperature in the range between 830 °C and 860 °C. Half-hour anneal at 848 °C results in nearly strain free growth for the following Si0.2Ge0.8 barrier layer. Boron doping above an undoped 10 nm spacer on top of the 15 nm QW provides a reservoir for hole transfer from the barrier to the well. Electrical conductivity, sheet hole density ps and mobility are measured as function of temperature. In all investigated Si
x
Ge1−x−y
Sn
y
channels the Hall measurements show the typical freeze out of holes outside the QW. Alloy scattering dominates the low-temperature mobility by adding Sn or Si to the Ge reference well. A linear relationship for the charge transfer from the modulation doping into the undoped Si
x
Ge1−x−y
Sn
y
channel as function of the lattice mismatch between the channel material and the matrix material could be found at low-temperatures (8 K). An analytical model for this charge transfer confirms the nearly linear relationship by considering the triangular shape of the potential in modulation doped QW structures.
Toward ferromagnetic semimetal ground state with multiple Weyl nodes in van der Waals crystal MnSb4Te7
Authors: Lin Jia-Yi , Chen Zhong-Jia , Xie Wen-Qiang , Yang Xiao-Bao , Zhao Yu-Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The magnetic topological van der Waals materials family MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)
n
have drawn markedly attention due to their novel multiple topological phases in different magnetic configurations. Recently, their close relative, the MnSb4Te7, was firstly synthesized in experiments (2021 Phys. Rev. Lett.
126 246601). To further explore the emergent properties of MnSb4Te7, we have systematically investigated the magnetic and topological characters under compressive strain and charge doping using first-principles calculations. We predict that MnSb4Te7 transits from an interlayer antiferromagnetic ground state to a ferromagnetic semimetal ground state with multiple Weyl points when compressive strained along c axis above 8% or charge doping before 0.1 hole/formula concentration. Notable anomalous Hall conductivity is also predicted. Meanwhile, the magnetic easy axis can be reoriented from out-of-plane to in-plane orientation when strain or electron doping is applied. The underlying magnetic exchange mechanism is also analyzed from our calculation results. Our work thus provides a feasible way to realize applications of the highly tunable magnetic-topological nature and a comprehensive theoretical understanding of this magnetic topological material.
Geriatric conditions and healthcare utilisation in older adults living with HIV
Authors: Greene Meredith , Shi Ying , Boscardin John , Sudore Rebecca , Gandhi Monica , Covinsky Kenneth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
older HIV-positive adults experience a significant burden of geriatric conditions. However, little is known about the association between geriatric conditions and healthcare utilisation in this population.

Setting
outpatient safety-net HIV clinic in San Francisco.

Methods
in 2013, HIV-positive adults ≥50 years of age underwent geriatric assessment including functional impairment, fall(s)in past year, cognitive impairment (MOCA &lt;26) and low social support (Lubben social network scale ≤12). We reviewed medical records from 2013 through 2017 to capture healthcare utilisation (emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalisations) and used Poisson models to examine the association between geriatric conditions and utilisation events over 4 years.

Results
among 192 participants, 81% were male, 51% were white, the median age was 56 (range 50–74), and the median CD4 count was 508 (IQR 338–688) cells/mm3. Sixteen percent of participants had ≥1 activities of daily living (ADL) dependency, 58% had ≥1 instrumental activities of daily living IADL dependency, 43% reported ≥1 falls, 31% had cognitive impairment, and 58% had low social support. Over 4 years, 90 participants (46%) had ≥1 ER visit (total of 289 ER visits), 39 (20%) had ≥1 hospitalisation (total of 68 hospitalisations), and 15 (8%) died. In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, IADL dependency and falls were associated with healthcare utilisation (adjusted incidence rate ratios IADL (95%CI): 1.73 (1.33–2.25); falls: 1.51 (1.21–1.87)).

Conclusion
IADL dependency and history of falls were associated with healthcare utilisation among older HIV-positive adults. Although our results are limited by sample size, improved understanding of the association between geriatric conditions and healthcare utilisation could build support for geriatric HIV care models.