bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of winter hardy, fine‐leaf zoysiagrass hybrids for the upper transition zone
Authors: Braun Ross C. , Patton Aaron J. , Chandra Ambika , Fry Jack D. , Genovesi Anthony Dennis , Meeks Meghyn , Kennelly Megan M. , Xiang Mingying , Chhetri Manoj , Richardson Michael D. , Richmond Douglas S. , Pudzianowska Marta T. , Baird James H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 10‐yr, four‐phase collaborative effort among three universities was conducted to develop new hybrid zoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp. Willd.) with improved turf quality, winter hardiness, and pest resistance in comparison to commercial zoysiagrass cultivars, especially ‘Meyer’ (Z. japonica Steud.). In Phase 1, breeding efforts produced 2,858 new progeny that were evaluated for 2 yr across three sites. In Phase 2, only 60 (2%) of 2,858 progeny were selected for advancement to 10 replicated multiyear field trials (Phase 3). Phase 3 revealed 10 promising progeny (assigned DALZ numbers) that required further intensive field and laboratory testing in Phase 4. Phase 4 revealed differences in establishment rate, and DALZ 1701, 1702, 1707, and 1810 had moderate‐to‐good turf performance across seven sites, whereas DALZ 1808 had similar or slightly lower performance. Meyer consistently performed poorly, and ‘Innovation’, a recently released hybrid cultivar, had poor‐to‐moderate performance in comparison to the experimental genotypes, which illustrates the improvements achieved in zoysiagrass breeding in the last 10 yr. Freeze tolerance (LT50, lethal temperature killing 50% of the plants) ranged from −9.8 °C (Diamond) to −14.1 °C (DALZ 1812) with a mean of −12.5 °C. Evidence of large patch [Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, anastomosis Group (AG) 2‐2 LP] in the top 10 DALZ genotypes was 15 to 40% lower than Meyer on several dates. Results indicate that there are multiple genotypes for potential release in the future with improved turf color, winter hardiness, freeze tolerance, large patch resistance, and finer leaf texture suitable for USDA plant hardiness zones ranging between 5b and 8a.
The potential of gas plasma technology for targeting breast cancer
Authors: Bekeschus Sander , Saadati Fariba , Emmert Steffen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite therapeutic improvements in recent years, breast cancer remains an often fatal disease. In addition, breast cancer ulceration may occur during late stages, further complicating therapeutic or palliative interventions. In the past decade, a novel technology received significant attention in the medical field: gas plasma. This topical treatment relies on the partial ionization of gases that simultaneously produce a plethora of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Such local ROS/RNS overload inactivates tumour cells in a non‐necrotic manner and was recently identified to induce immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD). ICD promotes dendritic cell maturation and amplifies antitumour immunity capable of targeting breast cancer metastases. Gas plasma technology was also shown to provide additive toxicity in combination with radio and chemotherapy and re‐sensitized drug‐resistant breast cancer cells. This work outlines the assets of gas plasma technology as a novel tool for targeting breast cancer by summarizing the action of plasma devices, the roles of ROS, signalling pathways, modes of cell death, combination therapies and immunological consequences of gas plasma exposure in breast cancer cells in vitro, in vivo, and in patient‐derived microtissues ex vivo.
The medicinal potential of bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi in plants
Authors: Xingyuan Zhang , Linjun Ma , Fang Chen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEndophytic fungi microbiomes are a special group, living in various tissues of plants such as roots, stems, and leaves. They can be isolated from strictly sterilized interior surface of host plant tissues on culture medium. Research have shown that bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi have unexpected medicinal potential. Moreover, there are complex interactions between endophytic fungi and their host plants, which may explain the fact that endophytes can produce plant‐derived bioactive compounds. This manuscript briefly summarizes the relevant studies on bioactive compounds with biological medicinal value from endophytic fungi and the relationship with their host plant.
Design and optimization of air‐cored double‐sided linear permanent magnet generators for wave energy conversion
Authors: Niknafs Sabiyeh , Shiri Abbas , Bagheri Sajad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, linear generators have been widely employed to convert oceanic wave energy into electricity. Among various linear generators, linear permanent magnet generators (LPMGs) have gained attention due to their special characteristics such as high power density and simple control structure. In this paper, flat double‐sided LPMG is investigated and designed. Considering all effective design variables, a particle swarm optimization algorithm‐based optimization method is employed to maximize efficiency and minimize weight. The optimization results show an increase in efficiency and a reduction in the weight of the generator. Finally, the design results are evaluated and validated using magnetic equivalent circuit and finite element analysis methods.
RETRACTED: Data location integration with stable routing: Stable and optimal data transmission in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Gayathri A. , Ruby D. , Manikandan N. , Gopalakrishnan T. , Anusha K. , Narayanasamy P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile transmitting data over wireless sensor networks (WSN), energy conservation and stable routing are two major problems while transmitting data over the Internet. The main problem with data transmission is that it consumes high energy consumption and network overheads. Therefore, an effective routing protocol should ensure transmission stability in the dynamic sensor environment. Data location integration with stable routing (DLI‐SR) has been introduced to achieve this goal. The DLI‐SR approach first determines the cluster head according to the node location in which node energy consumption, node degree, and distance have been considered. Then the cluster members are selected, and information is transmitted to the sink node by ensuring the data transmission stability. Network stability is determined with the help of link quality, the number of hops, and residual energy. These characteristics are used to maintain the network's stability and minimize its high energy consumption. Here, the stable centrality concept is introduced for choosing the first stable nodes, and the stable path is selected from the source node. The hot spot is maintained to reduce the high energy consumption due to the stable nodes' changing. The effective utilization of node and network characteristics helps to improve the overall network performance. This system is implemented via the NS‐2 simulation tool, and its excellence is compared with existing methods.
Ethics Big and Small, Thinking Fast and Slow
Authors: Haupt Laura 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the Hastings Center Report's July‐August 2022 issue, articles by Jessica Amalraj and Kavita Shah Arora and by Inmaculada de Melo‐Martín take up very different concerns under the broad topic of reproductive ethics and public policy. Amalraj and Arora call for public deliberation and consensus building to revise a Medicaid sterilization policy, and de Melo‐Martín argues that social resources should not be used to support reproductive embryo editing but should instead be put toward pre‐ and postnatal interventions that, compared to embryonic genome editing, can help far more people have children who are healthy and genetically related to them. The third article, by Bryan Sisk and James M. DuBois, offers a framework to guide clinicians in their everyday communication with patients and their family members. Elsewhere in the issue are arguments about the responsibilities health care organizations have to address large societal problems affecting well‐being.
Using experiential learning and authentic assessments to support students to become competent health promotion practitioners
Authors: Anderson Karen , Gupta Sabrina , Nava Buenfil Fernanda , Verrinder Glenda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTitleUsing experiential learning and authentic assessments to support students to become competent health promotion practitioners.Issue AddressedThe aim of this article is to describe how experiential learning, authentic assessments, community development and ethical principles were consolidated in the design and delivery of a health promotion planning and evaluation subject (HPE) during 2019 to 2021. Experiential learning and authentic assessments were used to guide the development of health promotion competencies in line with the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) Core Competencies and Professional Standards for Health Promotion. Students were required to complete three sequential authentic assessments. Ethics approval was granted for students to undertake a needs/assets assessment with a local community group following which, students completed a literature review and planned a community development program.MethodsThe subject comprises 10 h of weekly engagement over a 12‐week semester with weekly topics following a program logic model. Working in teams and individually, students work with a local community group to assess their needs/assets and establish priority areas regarding health and wellbeing. This then informed the development of a health promotion program and evaluation plan. Students undertook three sequential authentic assessment tasks: (i) needs/assets report, (ii) a literature review and (iii) a program folio. Retrospective anonymous student feedback on subject (SFS) data from 2019 to 2021 was used to evaluate HPE.Results and DiscussionHPE provides students with the opportunity to understand ethical principles and processes, engage with stakeholders in the community and develop qualitative research skills, to plan and evaluate health promotion programs. SFS scores have improved with an overall score of 3.7 (response rate 49.44%) in 2019 to 4.3 (response rate 39.58%) in 2020 and 4.04 (response rate 28.57%) in 2021.ConclusionStudents acquire a broad range of knowledge and skills in line with IUHPE Core Competency and Professional Standards for Health Promotion preparing them for their future professional practice.So what?These teaching and learning experiences show that students can develop health promotion competencies through sound pedagogical approaches, both online and face‐to‐face and in challenging environments.
Influence of nonlinear radiation on MHD nanofluid flow over a cone with second‐order velocity and thermal slips: A numerical study
Authors: Sreelatha Karanam , Girish Kumar Jorige , Satyanarayana Panyam Venkata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis computational study discovered the influence of magnetohydrodynamics nanofluid flow over a vertical cone. The nonlinear form of thermal radiation and irregular heat generation/sink takes an active part in this study. The influences of chemical reactions and second‐order slip parameters (velocity and temperature) are taken into account. Copper nanoparticles were mixed with water as base fluid in the present investigation. The leading partial differential equations which model the flow are altered as a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of self‐similarity alterations and then a numerical solution is cultivated with the support of fourth order Runge–Kutta Fehlberg method with the shooting method. The influence of appropriate parameters such as nonlinear radiation, chemical reaction, and slip parameters (velocity and temperature) on common fields (concentration, temperature, and velocity) are visualized through graphs. Also, we have analyzed the effects of identical parameters on the coefficient of skin friction and rate of transfer (mass and heat) by means of tables. The skin friction coefficient is boosted when the magnetic parameter is incremented. For larger values of nonlinear radiation parameter , the rate of heat transfer was reduced.
Anxiety and depression prevalence and their risk factors in lupus nephritis patients: A case–control study
Authors: Hu Ying , Zhan Ge 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionAnxiety and depression exhibit a high prevalence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, while this issue is seldom explored in lupus nephritis (LN). Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression, and the risk factors for these mental disorders in LN patients.MethodsFifty LN patients, 50 non‐LN SLE patients, and 50 health control (HCs) were enrolled. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for anxiety (HADS‐A) score and HADS for depression (HADS‐D) score were evaluated.ResultsHADS‐A score was highest in LN patients (median 7.0, interquartile range [IQR]: 6.0–10.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.0), and lowest in HCs (median 5.0, IQR: 3.0–7.0) (p < .001). Besides, the anxiety rate was most frequent in LN patients (38.0%), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (28.0%), least common in HCs (12.0%) (p = .011). HADS‐D score was highest in LN patients (median 7.5, IQR: 6.0–11.0), followed by non‐LN SLE patients (median 6.0, IQR: 5.0–8.3), and lowest in HCs (median 4.0, IQR: 2.0–6.3) (p < .001). Similarly, the depression rate was most prevalent in LN patients (50.0%), subsequently the non‐LN SLE patients (30.0%), and rarest in HCs (10.0%) (p < .001). Furthermore, in LN patients, age (p = .009), LN activity index (p = .020), alopecia (p = .023), 24 h proteinuria (p = .044), and C‐reactive protein (p = .049) were independently correlated with higher anxiety risk; meanwhile, age (p = .001) and LN activity index (p = .009) were independently correlated with higher depression risk.ConclusionAnxiety and depression are highly prevalent, which link to aging, alopecia, inflammation, and severe renal involvement in LN patients.
Algorithm‐based selection of automated red blood cell exchange procedure goals reduces blood utilization in chronically transfused adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Buban Kristen R. , Lawrence Courtney E. , Zhu Xianming Joshua , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Gehrie Eric Abraham , Vozniak Sonja , Shrestha Ruchee , Lokhandwala Parvez M. , Bloch Evan M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAutomated red cell exchange (RCE) is a common treatment for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Two key parameters are used to determine the volume of blood for RCE to reduce sickle hemoglobin (eg, HbS): fraction of cells remaining (FCR) and target hematocrit. We evaluated how the calculated FCR—using the manufacturer's algorithm—impacted blood utilization and incidence of acute care encounters.Study design and methodsRetrospective chart review was conducted of 15 adults with SCD who underwent chronic RCE from July 1, 2015 to August 31, 2019. Blood utilization and acute care encounters were compared across three time periods: (a) when a fixed FCR of 30% was used (12 months); (b) transition period during which physicians made ad hoc changes to the FCR (25 months); (c) algorithm phase when a procedural FCR between 30% and 50% was selected using an algorithm generated by the manufacturer's built‐in software to target a HbS fraction of 8% post‐procedure (12 months). Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to determine statistical significance.ResultsMedian blood utilization per procedure decreased from 2398 mL (interquartile range [IQR]: 2271‐2759 mL) during the fixed FCR phase to 1887 mL (IQR: 1495‐2241 mL) during the algorithm phase (P < 0.001). Similarly, median number of units transfused decreased from 10 (9‐11) to 7 (5‐9) during the respective phases (P < 0.001). Visits to the emergency department were 1 (0‐4) in the fixed FCR phase and 0 (0‐3) in the algorithm phase.ConclusionAlgorithm‐based selection of a procedural FCR significantly reduced blood utilization (~21%) without appearing to increase acute care encounters.
Evaluation of different DNA extraction methods based on steel‐bullet beating for molecular diagnosis of onychomycosis
Authors: Motamedi Marjan , Amini Abdulbaqi , Yazdanpanah Somayeh , Mahmoodi Mozhgan , Khodadadi Hossein , Zalpoor Hamidreza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundConsidering increased trends toward molecular methods for detection/identification of fungi causing onychomycosis, the aim of this study is comparison three DNA extraction methods based on steel‐bullet beating to extract DNA from nail.MethodsEx ‐vivo onychomycosis model was developed using bovine hoof with Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. For two models, total DNA was extracted using the three different methods. In method 1, the extraction and purification were performed by steel‐bullet beating and phenol chloroform protocol, respectively. In method 2, a freezing step were applied before beating. The purification step in method 3 was carried out using a commercial kit, although DNA extraction was done similarly to method 1 in that approach. To evaluate the efficacy of each method, the extracted genomic DNA was amplified with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions. Moreover, 50 nail samples were evaluated for onychomycosis using direct microscopy examination as well as PCR in order to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the optimal DNA extraction method.ResultsRegarding the desirable quality of the extracted DNA, cost effectiveness, and simplicity, method 1 could be used to extract DNA effectively. Additionally, the obtained data showed that PCR had a higher detection rate of fungal agents in the nail samples than direct microscopic examination.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the mechanical disruption of the cell wall by steel‐bullet beating is a useful and practical method to improve the quantity and quality of fungal DNA thorough the extraction process.
Soil organic matter can delay—but not eliminate—leaching of neonicotinoid insecticides
Authors: Morrison Benjamin A. , Xia Kang , Stewart Ryan D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoil organic matter (SOM) retains and attenuates many contaminants; however, its interactions with neonicotinoid insecticides under field conditions remain poorly understood. The goal of this study was to determine if SOM influences the persistence or leaching of two neonicotinoid insecticides: thiamethoxam (TMX) and its transformation‐product clothianidin (CLO). Thiamethoxam‐coated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was planted into a clay soil containing different soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations. Leachate and soil samples were collected for 10 wk after planting and were analyzed for insecticide concentrations using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Single and multiple linear regressions were performed between SOC, leaching volumes, and measured insecticide concentrations, focusing on rainfall events near the beginning, middle, and end of the study. Correlations were also tested between SOC and cumulative mass of leached insecticides. Neither SOC nor per‐event leachate volumes explained variability in TMX leaching or residual CLO concentrations in soils; however, by the conclusion of the study residual thiamethoxam concentrations in soil were negatively correlated with cumulative volume of leached water. Initially, the concentration and total mass of leached CLO were significantly and negatively correlated with SOC content; however, this effect faded with time. Leachate dynamics also affected CLO transport, with positive correlations between leachate volume and CLO concentration during the latter events. This analysis demonstrates that SOM can reduce peak loading of neonicotinoids but may not alter cumulative leaching over the entire growing season.
Influence of compost application rate on nutrient and heavy metal mobility: Implications for stormwater management
Authors: Kranz Christina N. , Rivers Erin N. , McLaughlin Richard A. , Heitman Joshua L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmending soils with compost has become increasingly common in stormwater management practices. Compost can be a source and sink for nutrients and heavy metals, and it is important to understand the effect of compost on pollutant leaching under different hydrologic conditions. The objectives of this study were (a) to quantify the distribution coefficient (Kd) of PO4–P and metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) for compost–soil blends and (b) to examine how compost rate alters leaching patterns of nutrients (NH4–N, NO3–N, PO4–P) and metals from compost–soil blends. Material consisted of a sandy loam subsoil, a yard‐waste compost, and compost–soil blends at 20 or 50% compost by volume. Materials were tested in sorption–desorption experiments using simulated stormwater (SW); columns with the materials were also leached with either SW or deionized (DI) water. As compost rate increased, the Kd decreased for PO4–P and Cr but increased for Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn. The addition of compost reduced the sorption of PO4–P and Cr, potentially making it a source of these pollutants. Simulated stormwater did not increase the amount of pollutants retained compared with DI water for compost blends, except for 100% compost columns. Nitrate was the only constituent that had a negative removal efficiency, suggesting the compost was a source of NO3–N. Column media retained >70% of the metals from the added stormwater solution. These results suggest that yard‐waste compost blends at ≤50% have the potential to retain certain pollutants from infiltrating stormwater, but this effect may decline after several storm events.
A brain for all seasons: An in vivo MRI perspective on songbirds
Authors: Orije Jasmien Ellen Maria Jozef , Van der Linden Annemie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeasonality in songbirds includes not only reproduction but also seasonal changes in singing behavior and its neural substrate, the song control system (SCS). Prior research mainly focused on the role of sex steroids on this seasonal SCS neuroplasticity in males. In this review, we summarize the advances made in the field of seasonal neuroplasticity by applying in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in male and female starlings, analyzing the entire brain, monitoring birds longitudinally and determining the neuronal correlates of seasonal variations in plasma hormone levels and song behavior. The first MRI studies in songbirds used manganese enhanced MRI to visualize the SCS in a living bird and validated previously described brain volume changes related to different seasons and testosterone. MRI studies with testosterone implantation established how the consequential boost in singing was correlated to structural changes in the SCS, indicating activity‐induced neuroplasticity as song proficiency increased. Next, diffusion tensor MRI explored seasonal neuroplasticity in the entire brain, focusing on networks beyond the SCS, revealing that other sensory systems and even the cerebellum, which is important for the integration of sensory perception and song behavior, experience neuroplasticity starting in the photosensitive period. Functional MRI showed that olfactory, and auditory processing was modulated by the seasons. The convergence of seasonal variations in so many sensory and sensorimotor systems resembles multisensory neuroplasticity during the critical period early in life. This sheds new light on seasonal songbirds as a model for unlocking the brain by recreating seasonally the permissive circumstances for heightened neuroplasticity.