bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centennial- to Millennial-scale Dynamics of Perennial Ice Deposits in Alpine Ice Caves.
Authors: Racine Tanguy M. F. , Reimer Paula J. , Spötl Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mid-latitude alpine caves preserve a record of past solid precipitation during winter, locally spanning several centuries to millennia. Dating organic macro-remains trapped in ice layers allows the determination of timing and duration of past periods of positive and negative ice mass balance. We present here the largest comparative study of ice cave sites yet published, using Bayesian age-modelling on a database comprising 107 radiocarbon dates, spread over eight caves in the Austrian Alps. We show that periods of positive mass balance coincide with past glacier advances. We find unconformities rich in organic macro-remains dated to the Medieval Climate Anomaly (between 850 and 1200 CE) marking widespread ice retreat. We demonstrate positive ice mass balance at all studied sites for the Little Ice Age, coinciding with the largest glacier advances in the Holocene between 1400 and 1850 CE. At the sites with records spanning over 2000 years, positive mean annual mass balance is also observed during the periods 300 BCE–100 CE and 600-800 CE. These subterranean ice deposits show widespread evidence of accelerated negative mass balances in recent years and their record is under imminent threat of disappearing.
Valorization of siliceous wastes of alum industry as an additive for geopolymer cement
Authors: Abdullah Nabil , El-Sokkary Tarek , Gharieb m 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study an experimental work has been done to test the feasibility of using siliceous wastes of de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) with metakaolin (MK) in the production of geopolymer concrete. The chemical composition and physical properties of de-aluminated metakaolin was tested. For this purpose, metakaolin (MK) was partially substituted with de-aluminated metakaolin (DK) at ratios of 0–60% by weight. The compressive strength was measured by testing standard cubes at 7 and 28 days. The effect of DK on specific gravity, porosity and mechanical characteristics were tested. The internal microstructure, and hydration were investigated by using modern instruments such as, thermogravimetric/thermogravimetric derivative (TGA/TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The findings assure the potentiality for the application of DK as a pozzolanic material. The results showed that the de-aluminated meta-kaolin mixture is a good pozzolanic material.
Imaging Solid-Electrolyte-Interphase Dynamics Using In-operando Reflection Interference Microscopy
Authors: Feng Guangxia , Jia Hao , Shi Yaping , Yang Xu , Zhang Ye , Yang Chaojie , Xu Kang , Yao Yan , Xu Wu , Shan Xiaonan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The quality of solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) dictates the performances of most battery chemistries, especially lithium (Li)-metal, but its formation processes as well as evolution during battery operation remain little understood due to the lack of reliable in-operando characterization tools of sufficient spatial and temporal resolutions. Herein, we report an in-operando reflection interference microscope (RIM) that enables the real-time imaging of SEI during formation and evolution in state-of-the-art electrolyte based on LiPF6 dissolved in organic carbonates. By mapping the minimal and localized optical signals generated from interphasial events, RIM reveals with extremely high sensitivity that the stratified structure of SEI formed during four distinct steps, including the emergence of a permanent inner inorganic layer enriched in LiF, the transient assembly of an interfacial structure of an electrified double layer, and the consequent emergence of a temporary outer organic-rich layer, whose presence is reversible with electrochemical cycling. Comparing the morphologies of SEIs, we identify an inverse correlation between the thicknesses of two interphasial sub-components: the thicker the LiF-rich inner layer, the thinner the organic-rich outer layer, implying that the permanent inorganic-rich inner layer dictates the organic-rich outer layer formation and Li nucleation. We also find that trace presence of water (50 ppm) in the electrolyte induces a much thicker and higher quality LiF-rich layer and a much thinner organic-rich layer in SEI, which leads to less electrolyte consumption, and more uniform Li nucleation on the electrode surface. The real-time visualization of SEI dynamics achieved for the first time in this work provides a guideline for the rational design of interphases, a battery component that has been the least understood and most challenging barrier to developing electrolytes for future batteries.
A Bibliographic Database Search Strategy Informed by an Operational Definition of Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine
Authors: Ng Jeremy Y. , Dhawan Tushar , Dogadova Ekaterina , Taghi-Zada Zhala , Vacca Alexandra , Fajardo Renee-Gabrielle , Masood Hooriya A. , Patel Riva , Sunderji Samira , Wieland L. Susan , Moher David 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Determining which therapies fall under the umbrella of complementary, alternative, and/or integrative medicine (CAIM) is difficult for several reasons. An operational definition is dynamic, and changes depending on both historical time period and geographical location, with many countries integrating or considering their traditional system(s) of medicine as conventional care. We have previously reported the first operational definition of CAIM informed by a systematic search. In the present study, we have developed a bibliographic database keyword search strategy for CAIM based on this operational definition, in order to standardize research involving systematic searches such as systematic reviews and bibliometric analyses.
Methods
Using the finalised operational definition of CAIM's 604 therapies, a single keyword search strategy was developed for the most common bibliographic databases, including those searchable on the OVID platform (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED), the EBSCO platform (e.g., ERIC, CINAHL), Scopus, and Web of Science. The Therapeutic Research Center's “Natural Medicines” database was searched for all 604 therapies, and each item's scientific name and/or synonym was included as a phrase to the search strategy.
Results
This developed bibliographic database search strategy provides a standardised list of CAIM terms that may be searched on bibliographic databases including those found on the OVID platform (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED), the EBSCO platform (e.g., ERIC, CINAHL), Scopus, and Web of Science.
Conclusion
Researchers can select relevant terms for their CAIM study and insert the keywords or phrases into these databases to receive all accessible data. This search technique can simply be copied and pasted into the search bar of each database to identify research by keywords, which is the most inclusive, or by words in the article title, which is more selective. Given its versatility across multiple commonly used academic platforms/databases, it is expected that this search strategy will be of great value to those conducting research on CAIM topics involving systematic searches.
Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) distribution on metabolic healthy obese (MHO) vs metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO)
Authors: Suárez-Cuenca Juan Antonio , Carvajal-Aguilera Karla Guadalupe , Camacho-Castillo Luz del Carmen , Vega-Moreno Karen De la , Romero-Hernández Christopher Bryan , Vera-Gómez Eduardo , Hernández-Patricio Alejandro , Domínguez-Pérez Gabriela Alexandra , Gutiérrez-Buendía Juan Ariel , Montiel-López Luis , Garduño-Pérez Ángel Alfonso , de Vaca Rebeca Pérez-Cabeza , Salamanca-García Moisés , Montoya-Ramírez Jesús , Ortíz-Fernández Moisés , Gaytán-Fuentes Omar Felipe , García Silvia , Alcaráz-Estrada Sofía Lizeth , Melchor-López Alberto , Pineda-Juárez Juan Antonio , Escamilla-Tilch Mónica , Gutiérrez-Salinas José , Mondragón-Terán Paul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background. Adipose tissue is a key factor during metabolic dysregulation, whereas adipose tissue dysfunction is promoted if enlarged adipocytes, impaired adipocyte differentiation, inflammation, remodeling and/or fibrosis. As evidenced by in vitro studies and animal models, adipocyte hypertrophy alone is sufficient to impair glucose uptake, probably explained by changes of cell distribution of Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) and trafficking, reflecting a new potential regulatory pathway. Patients with obesity can be subclassified into cardiometabolic risk phenotypes, with significant difference in adipose tissue characteristics and glucose uptake. Therefore, GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes from the so known: 1) metabolic healthy obese (MHO) and 2) metabolic unhealthy obese (MUO), may help to understand cardiometabolic risk differences between them. Objectives. To analyze GLUT4 distribution in adipocytes from MHO vs MUO phenotypes. Subjects and Methods. Cross-sectional observational study. Patients programmed for bariatric surgery were included. Patients were classified as MHO or MUO according to NCEP-ATPIII criteria. Samples from subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were obtained during bariatric surgery. GLUT4 expression and distribution in adipocytes were evaluated by immunofluorescence and image analysis. Results. GLUT4 molecules showed a lower number and more spared distribution in adipocytes from MUO phenotype. Likewise, GLUT4 distribution was related to insulin resistance in both metabolic phenotypes, with differences between VAT and SAT. Conclusion. GLUT4 expression pattern in adipocytes was related with the type of adipose tissue, the cardiometabolic risk and insulin resistance, suggesting potential and specific regulatory role.
A Paired Comparison of Plasma and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Critically Ill Patients with Suspected Severe Pneumonia
Authors: Sun Ting , Wu Xiaojing , Liu Yijie , Cai Ying , Zhai Tianshu , Zhou Yun , Yang Bin , Zhan Qingyuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has emerged as an attractive and less invasive technique for pathogen detection. However, only few studies have demonstrated the need for simultaneous plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mNGS in patients with severe pneumonia.Methods: This study retrospectively performed a paired comparison of BALF and plasma mNGS in critically ill patients with suspected severe pneumonia from April 2019 to December 2020, who were divided into mNGS results match and mismatch groups. The diagnostic performance was compared between BALF and plasma mNGS, using the clinical composite diagnosis as the reference standard. The impact of mNGS results was also assessed.Results: In total, 57 patients were included in this study and divided into the plasma mNGS match with BALF group (n=15) and mismatch group (n=40). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics and total 28-day mortality between the match and mismatch groups. Fifty-three patients were diagnosed with microbiologically confirmed severe pneumonia, with 49% having polymicrobial infections. There were significant differences in the BALF sensitivity and plasma mNGS (100% vs. 42%, P < 0.001), and the diagnostic accuracy was 96% and 46%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics and total 28-day mortality between the mNGS match and mismatch groups. However, in the mismatch group, more bacterial infections were detected in BALF mNGS than in plasma mNGS (47.5% vs. 23.1%, P = 0.040). Additionally, though plasma mNGS detected additional microorganisms in 11/53 patients, a beneficial impact was obtained only in 5 out of 11 patients.Conclusions: This study does not support the simultaneous mNGS of BALF and plasma samples. Prospective studies are required to clarify the optimal indications for cfDNA mNGS as an additional test for pneumonia.
“Hot Cities” and Rapid Growth; Experiences and Responses of Public Health and Urban Planning Departments
Authors: Hammarberg Robert , Highfield Linda , Walton Gretchen , Wermuth Paige , Bowman Ann O'M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It is presumed rapidly growing “hot cities” adapt their planning and operations to meet their evolving population’s needs. These presumptions inspired the development of the following mixed-method, convergent parallel study. Data from urban planning officials across nine rapidlygrowing “hot cities” were collected through pre-interview surveys and qualitative key-informant interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify salient issues regarding awareness and perception of rapid population growth and resulting response from their public health and urban planning departments. Results indicate two main themes; Multidimensional Strain and Mitigation Strategies describe city experiences with rapid population growth effects and response. Across cities, urban planners expressed similar experiences of stress on land usage, housing, transportation, programming, and service delivery. Similar response patterns included evaluation and innovation of growth management strategies, enhanced collaboration, and equity considerations. This snapshot of rapid population growth repercussions, and current city mitigation strategies, may have future implications for public health and urban planning administrators in practice.
Challenging Axillary Lymph-Nodes on F-18-FDG, F-18-Choline and Ga-68-DOTATOC PET/CT in Cancer Patients throughout Covid-19 Vaccination Era
Authors: Storto Giovanni , Giordano Alessia , Gallicchio Rosj , Mariarita Milella , Pellegrino Teresa , Nappi Antonio , Nardelli Anna , Calice Giovanni 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives: unexpected detection of axillary lymphadenopathy (AxL) in cancer patients (Pts) represents a real concern during COVID-19 vaccination era. Benign reactions may take place after vaccine inoculation, confounding image interpretation in patients undergoing F-18-FDG, F-18-Choline and Ga-68-DOTATOC PET/CT. It may simulate loco-regional metastases/disease. To assess PET/CT findings after COVID-19 vaccination in cancer patients and the consequent impact on their management. Methods: we evaluated 333 patients undergoing PET/CT (257 F-18-FDG, 54 F-18-Choline and 23 Ga-68 DOTATOC) scans after first vaccination with mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). Uptake index (SUVmax) of suspected AxL was defined significant when the ratio >1.5 as compared to the contralateral inoculation site. Besides, co-registered CT (Co-CT) features of target lymph-nodes were evaluated. Nodes with aggregate positivity were further investigated.Results: overall, the prevalence of apparently positive lymph-nodes on PET scans was 17.1% during vaccination era. 107 Pts had undergone PET/CT before COVID-19 pandemic and only 3 shown reactive lymph-nodes with a prevalence of 2.8% (p<0.001 as compared to vaccination era). 84.2% exhibited benign characteristics on Co-CT images and only 9 Pts needed additional appraisal. Conclusions: the correct interpretation of images is crucial to avoid unnecessary management changes and to rule out invasive procedures in cancer Pts undergoing diagnostics. An accurate anamnestic interview and the precise assessment of nodes’ Co-CT characteristics when performing PET/CT may help to address the diagnostic hypothesis.
Digital Arts And Culture For Mental Health In People Aged 16-24: A Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Sheriff Rebecca Syed , Bergin Laura , Bonsaver Laura , Riga Evgenia , O'Dell Bessie , Adams Helen , Glogowska Margaret 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: This qualitative interview study aimed to understand the potential utility of digital arts and culture (DAC) for mental health in young adults.Methods: Participants aged 16-24 were selected by purposeful sampling from an online survey of community engagement for mental health and wellbeing. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted from 30th July to 9th Sept 2020 with thirteen participants who were socio-demographically diverse and varied in their use of DAC and in their mental health status. Rich interview data were analysed using a reflective thematic analysis.Results: Participants identified that culture and the arts could be helpful for their mental health, online engagement had some advantages over in-person engagement and benefits were greater with regular use. Participants described that the features of DAC most likely to benefit mental health were diverse human stories about personal challenges and a variety of viewpoints with which they could connect on a human level. This brought a sense of perspective and provided opportunities for reflection, learning, escapism, creativity, exploration and discovery. Perceived impacts on mental health included the disruption of negative thought patterns, lifting mood and increased feelings of calm and proactivity.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that young people have a critical level of insight and understanding regarding their mental health and the ways in which it might be improved. These findings can be used to optimise the mental health benefits of DAC in an engaging and acceptable way for young people. These methodologies could be applied to other types of community resource for mental health.
Socio-demographic heterogeneities as determinants of water and food-borne disease burden in Ahmedabad City, India
Authors: Sharma Ayushi , Wibawa Bima Sakti Satria , Andhikaputra Gerry , Solanki Bhavin , Sapkota Amir , Hsieh Lin-Han Chiang , Iyer Veena , Wang Yu-Chun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Urban areas within low and middle-income countries (LMICs) represent a confluence of unique and complex risk factors influencing disease dynamics. Continuous growth in the urban population fueled by migration and informal settlements makes these urban city centers conducive to inequality, environmental hazards, and infectious diseases. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between socio-demographic risk factors (age/gender, slum population density, and illiteracy rates) and spatial heterogeneity in the prevalence of viral hepatitis, typhoid, and diarrhea in Ahmedabad, India, from 2010 to 2017. The geographical distance of the wards from the river was also considered a potential risk factor. The analysis suggested positive spatial autocorrelation for viral hepatitis, typhoid and diarrhea incidence. The results of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Spatial Lag Regression (SLR) models identified slum population density as a significant risk factor for all three diseases. Further, we observed a positive association between illiteracy rate and spatial distribution of viral hepatitis and typhoid at the local level, while the proximity of the wards to the river was associated with the incidence of viral hepatitis. In addition, the excess risk mapping of diseases revealed that most of the hotspot wards were in the central and southern zones of the city, to the east of river Sabarmati. This study identified issues arising due to spatial heterogeneities of resources and population demography. It thereby emphasizes rehabilitation, capacity building, and health systems strengthening through micro-planning at sub-ward/ward levels, as prospective solutions for health concerns arising from the urban paradigm.
DEB-TACE Combined With Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy Might Be an Affordable Treatment Option for Advanced Stage of HCC: Retrospective Study
Authors: Kondo Yasuteru , Morosawa Tatsuki , Minami Soichiro , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundsAlternative treatment modalities are required because of the low response rates and unsuitability of Molecular-targeted agents (MTA) and/or immune checkpoint inhibitors (iCIs) in HCC patients. Therefore, we analyzed whether Drug-eluting beads (DEB)-Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with Low-dose-FP (Ultra-FP) therapy could improve the efficacy and safety of treatment among the difficult-to-treat HCC patients, especially those with advanced stage HCC.MethodsFrom November 2017 to April 2021, 118 consecutive patients with non-resectable difficult-to-treat HCC were included in this study. All patients were treated with Ultra-FP therapy. After the weak DEB-TACE procedure, we administered low-dose FP for 2 weeks followed by resting for 4 weeks. ResultsThe numbers of HCC patients CR/PR/SD/PD induced by Ultra-FP therapy were 36/52/17/13 (Modified RECIST) patients, respectively. The objective response rate of Ultra-FP therapy was 74.6% (88/118 patients). Tumor marker reduction was observed in 81.4% (96/118 patients). The objective response rate (ORR) in the HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) was 75% (18/24 patients). Median survival time (MST) of all included HCC patients was 738 days. The MST of HCC patients with PVTT (-)/PVTT (+) was 816 days/718 days. The proportion of patients based on ALBI grade system was not significantly different between pre and after 3 course Ultra-FP therapy.Conclusions Ultra-FP therapy might be an affordable treatment option for difficult-to-treat advanced HCC. ORR and overall survival after receiving Ultra-FP therapy were remarkable in comparison to various kinds of systemic therapy including MTA and iCIs.
The zinc ionophore clioquinol reduces Parkinson’s disease patient-derived brain extracts-induced neurodegeneration
Authors: Teil Margaux , Doudnikoff Evelyne , Thiolat Marie-Laure , Bohic Sylvain , Bezard Erwan , Dehay Benjamin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by the presence of intracellular α-synuclein-rich protein aggregates, named Lewy Bodies (LB), and by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Several heavy metals, including zinc (Zn), have been suggested to play a role in PD progression, although the exact role of Zn in neurodegeneration remains to be fully elucidated.Methods: To address this gap, we investigated the effects of Zn modulation on the progression of degeneration in mice injected with PD patient-derived LB-extracts carrying toxic a-synuclein aggregates. Zn modulation was achieved using either a clioquinol-enriched diet, a Zn ionophore that redistributes cellular Zn, or a Zn-enriched diet that increases Zn levels. Results: Clioquinol treatment significantly prevented dopaminergic neurodegeneration and reduced α-synuclein-associated pathology in LB-injected mice while no differences were observed with Zn supplementation. Biochemical analyses further demonstrate that the expression levels of vesicle-specific Zn transporter ZnT3 in the striatum of LB-injected mice treated with clioquinol were decreased, suggesting an intracellular redistribution of Zn. Additionally, we found that clioquinol modulates the autophagy-lysosomal pathway by enhancing lysosomal redistribution within the neuronal compartments. Conclusions: Collectively, we found that in vivo pharmacological chelation of Zn, by dampening Zn-mediated cytotoxicity, can result in an overall attenuation of PD-linked lysosomal alterations and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. The results support zinc chelation as a disease-modifying strategy for the treatment of PD.