bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of high temperature simultaneous saccharification and fermentation by thermosensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
Authors: Miah Roni , Siddiqa Ayesha , Chakraborty Udvashita , Tuli Jamsheda Ferdous , Barman Noyon Kumar , Uddin Aukhil , Aziz Tareque , Sharif Nadim , Dey Shuvra Kanti , Yamada Mamoru , Talukder Ali Azam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractScarcity of energy and pollution are two major challenges that have become a threat to all living things worldwide. Bioethanol is a renewable, ecological-friendly clean energy that may be utilized to address these issues. This study aimed to develop simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process through high temperature-substrate adaptation and co-cultivation of S. cerevisiae with other potential amylolytic strains. In this study, we adapted our previously screened thermosensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dj-3 strain up-to 42 °C and also screened three potential thermotolerant amylolytic strains based on their starch utilization capability. We performed SSF fermentation at high temperature by adapted Dj-3 and amylolytic strains using 10.0% starch feedstock. Interestingly, we observed significant ethanol concentration [3.86% (v/v)] from high temperature simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (HSSF) of adapted Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (C-7) and Dj-3. We attribute the significant ethanol concentration from starch of this HSSF process to C-7’s high levels of glucoamylase activity (4.01 U/ml/min) after adaptation in starch (up-to 42 °C) as well as Dj-3's strong glucose fermentation capacity and also their ethanol stress tolerance capability. This study suggests the significant feasibility of our HSSF process.
Low correlation between Ki67 assessed by qRT-PCR in Oncotype Dx score and Ki67 assessed by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Selmani Zohair , Molimard Chloé , Overs Alexis , Bazan Fernando , Chaigneau Loic , Dobi Erion , Meneveau Nathalie , Mansi Laura , Paillard Marie-Justine , Meynard Guillaume , Viot Julien , Algros Marie-Paule , Borg Christophe , Feugeas Jean-Paul , Pivot Xavier , Prétet Jean-Luc , Curtit Elsa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBreast cancers expressing high levels of Ki67 are associated with poor outcomes. Oncotype DX test was designed for ER+/HER2− early-stage breast cancers to help adjuvant chemotherapy decision by providing a Recurrent Score (RS). RS measures the expression of 21 specific genes from tumor tissue, including Ki67. The primary aim of this study was to assess the agreement between Ki67RNA obtained with Oncotype DX RS and Ki67IHC. Other objectives were to analyze the association between the event free survival (EFS) and the expression level of Ki67RNA; and association between RS and Ki67RNA. Herein, we report a low agreement of 0.288 by Pearson correlation coefficient test between Ki67IHC and Ki67RNA in a cohort of 98 patients with early ER+/HER2− breast cancers. Moreover, Ki67RNAhigh tumors were significantly associated with the occurrence of events (p = 0.03). On the other hand, we did not find any association between Ki67IHC and EFS (p = 0.26). We observed a low agreement between expression level of Ki67RNA and Ki67 protein labelling by IHC. Unlike Ki67IHC and independently of the RS, Ki67RNA could have a prognostic value. It would be interesting to better assess the prognosis and predictive value of Ki67RNA measured by qRT-PCR. The Ki67RNA in medical routine could be a good support in countries where Oncotype DX is not accessible.
Bordetella pertussis-infected innate immune cells drive the anti-pertussis response of human airway epithelium
Authors: Kroes M. M. , Miranda-Bedate A. , Jacobi R. H. J. , van Woudenbergh E. , den Hartog G. , van Putten J. P. M. , de Wit J. , Pinelli E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPertussis is a severe respiratory tract infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. This bacterium infects the ciliated epithelium of the human airways. We investigated the epithelial cell response to B. pertussis infection in primary human airway epithelium (HAE) differentiated at air–liquid interface. Infection of the HAE cells mimicked several hallmarks of B. pertussis infection such as reduced epithelial barrier integrity and abrogation of mucociliary transport. Our data suggests mild immunological activation of HAE by B. pertussis indicated by secretion of IL-6 and CXCL8 and the enrichment of genes involved in bacterial recognition and innate immune processes. We identified IL-1β and IFNγ, present in conditioned media derived from B. pertussis-infected macrophage and NK cells, as essential immunological factors for inducing robust chemokine secretion by HAE in response to B. pertussis. In transwell migration assays, the chemokine-containing supernatants derived from this HAE induced monocyte migration. Our data suggests that the airway epithelium on its own has a limited immunological response to B. pertussis and that for a broad immune response communication with local innate immune cells is necessary. This highlights the importance of intercellular communication in the defense against B. pertussis infection and may assist in the rational design of improved pertussis vaccines.
Natural history of retinal degeneration in ovine models of CLN5 and CLN6 neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses
Authors: Murray S. J. , Mitchell N. L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL; Batten disease) are a group of inherited neurodegenerative diseases with a common set of symptoms including cognitive and motor decline and vision loss. Naturally occurring sheep models of CLN5 and CLN6 disease display the key clinical features of NCL, including a progressive loss of vision. We assessed retinal histology, astrogliosis, and lysosomal storage accumulation in CLN5 affected (CLN5−/−) and CLN6 affected (CLN6−/−) sheep eyes and age-matched controls at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months of age to determine the onset and progression of retinal pathology in NCL sheep. The retina of CLN5−/− sheep shows progressive atrophy of the outer retinal layers, widespread gliosis, and accumulation of lysosomal storage in retinal ganglion cells late in disease. In contrast, CLN6−/− retina shows significant atrophy of all retinal layers, progressive gliosis, and earlier accumulation of lysosomal storage. This study has highlighted the differential vulnerability of retinal layers and the time course of retinal atrophy in two distinct models of NCL disease. This data will be valuable in determining potential targets for ocular therapies and the optimal timing of these therapies for protection from retinal dysfunction and degeneration in NCL.
Sunlight, dietary habits, genetic polymorphisms and vitamin D deficiency in urban and rural infants of Bangladesh
Authors: Das Subhasish , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Mohsin Minhazul , Jeorge Didarul Haque , Rasul Md. Golam , Khan Ar-Rafi , Gazi Md Amran , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe conducted an observational study to assess the prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in 12–24 months old children living in urban and rural Bangladesh. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (free 25(OH)D) level, socio-demographic status, anthropometric status, dietary intake, exposure to sunlight and single nucleotide polymorphisms in vitamin-D pathway genes were measured in 208 children. Vitamin D deficiency (free 25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) was reported in 47% of the children. Multivariable logistic regression model identified duration to sunlight exposure (regression coefficient, β =  − 0.01; 95% CI 0.00, − 0.02; p-value < 0.05), UV index (β =  − 0.36; 95% CI 0.00, − 0.02; p-value < 0.05) and breast-feeding (β =  − 1.15; 95% CI − 0.43, − 1.86; p-value < 0.05) to be negatively associated with vitamin D deficiency. We measured the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms in pathway genes (GC-rs7041 T > G, rs4588 C > A, CYP2R1-rs206793 A > G, CYP27B1-rs10877012 A > C and DHCR7-rs12785878 G > T) and found statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between various genotypes. SNPs for CYP27B1 (CA & CC genotype) had statistically significant positive association (β = 1.61; 95% CI 2.79, 0.42; p-value < 0.05) and TT genotype of GC-rs7041 had negative association (β =  − 1.33; 95% CI − 0.02, − 2.64; p-value < 0.05) with vitamin-D deficiency in the surveyed children.
Prevalence and risk of Plasmodium vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wilairatana Polrat , Masangkay Frederick Ramirez , Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar , De Jesus Milanez Giovanni , Kotepui Manas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA better understanding of the occurrence and risk of Plasmodium vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals is required to guide further research on these infections across Africa. To address this, we used a meta-analysis approach to investigate the prevalence of P. vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals and assessed the risk of infection in these individuals when compared with Duffy-positive individuals. This study was registered with The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews website (ID: CRD42021240202) and followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Literature searches were conducted using medical subject headings to retrieve relevant studies in Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus, from February 22, 2021 to January 31, 2022. Selected studies were methodologically evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools to assess the quality of cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies. The pooled prevalence of P. vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals and the odds ratio (OR) of infection among these individuals when compared with Duffy-positive individuals was estimated using a random-effects model. Results from individual studies were represented in forest plots. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using Cochrane Q and I2 statistics. We also performed subgroup analysis of patient demographics and other relevant variables. Publication bias among studies was assessed using funnel plot asymmetry and the Egger’s test. Of 1593 retrieved articles, 27 met eligibility criteria and were included for analysis. Of these, 24 (88.9%) reported P. vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals in Africa, including Cameroon, Ethiopia, Sudan, Botswana, Nigeria, Madagascar, Angola, Benin, Kenya, Mali, Mauritania, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Senegal; while three reported occurrences in South America (Brazil) and Asia (Iran). Among studies, 11 reported that all P. vivax infection cases occurred in Duffy-negative individuals (100%). Also, a meta-analysis on 14 studies showed that the pooled prevalence of P. vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals was 25% (95% confidence interval (CI) − 3%–53%, I2 = 99.96%). A meta-analysis of 11 studies demonstrated a decreased odds of P. vivax infection among Duffy-negative individuals (p = 0.009, pooled OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26–0.82, I2 = 80.8%). We confirmed that P. vivax infected Duffy-negative individuals over a wide prevalence range from 0 to 100% depending on geographical area. Future investigations on P. vivax infection in these individuals must determine if Duffy-negativity remains a protective factor for P. vivax infection.
Longitudinal relationships between disability and gait characteristics in people with MS
Authors: Dreyer-Alster Sapir , Menascu Shay , Dolev Mark , Givon Uri , Magalashvili David , Achiron Anat , Kalron Alon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLongitudinal data are vital in order to understand intra individual gait changes with the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to explore the relationship between changes in disability with changes in major spatio-temporal parameters of gait in people with MS (PwMS). PwMS (n = 83) completed two gait assessments performed at separate time points (M1, M2). For each individual, the absolute difference between the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score, key spatio-temporal parameters of gait, Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I), and the 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12), were calculated. The mean time difference between M1 and M2 was 2.5 (SD = 1.7) years. At M2, PwMS presented with shorter strides, a wider base of support, increased perceived mobility difficulties and fear of falling compared with M1. According to the odds ratio (OR) analysis, the odds of experiencing an increase in the EDSS score was significantly higher once the MSWS-12 score increased at M2 compared with M1 (OR = 7.930, p = 0.004). This observation was highlighted specifically in people with mild-moderate MS (OR = 12.427, p < 0.001). The increase in the EDSS score was not associated with changes in key spatio-temporal parameters of gait. The present study provides a better understanding of gait and disease progression in PwMS, highlighting the significant role of the MSWS-12.
Anti-nuclear antibody and a granuloma could be biomarkers for iCIs-related hepatitis by anti-PD-1 treatment
Authors: Kondo Yasuteru , Akahira Junichi , Morosawa Tatsuki , Toi Yukihiro , Endo Akashi , Satio Hiroaki , Endo Mareyuki , Sugawara Shunichi , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt has been reported that various kinds of immune checkpoint inhibitors (iCIs) could induce immune-related liver damage. We should focus on the programmed cell death-receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to analyze the characteristics of hepatitis related to iCIs and find factors that could be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis. A single-center retrospective study of 252 NSCLC patients who received PD-1 antibody (nivolumab or pembrolizumab). Some of the biochemical markers and immunological markers were analyzed during PD-1-antibody treatment with or without ALT elevation. Histopathological features were reviewed by a single expert of hepatic pathology focusing on the following features: fibrosis, portal inflammation, lobular inflammation, lobular necrosis. The formation of macro- and micro-granulomas was also evaluated. The frequency of liver damage induced by nivolumab including grade 1 to 4 (ALT) was 41.9% (78/186 patients). The positive rate of anti-nuclear antibody in the nivolumab group with iCIs-related hepatitis was significantly higher than that in the nivolumab group without iCIs-related hepatitis (p = 0.00112). Granulomatous changes were significantly increased in patients with iCIs-related hepatitis compared with DILI and AIH patients (p < 0.05). The ratios of inflammatory cells CD4/CD8, and CD138/CD3 in ICIs-related hepatitis were significantly lower than those in AIH or DILI patients (p < 0.05). We demonstrated that the pre-existing ANA and characteristic liver histology including CD8+ cells dominancy and granulomatous hepatitis could be biomarkers for the diagnosis of iCIs-related hepatitis in the NSCLC with anti-PD-1 therapy.
Trends in colon and rectal cancer mortality in Australia from 1972 to 2015 and associated projections to 2040
Authors: Luo Qingwei , Lew Jie-Bin , Steinberg Julia , Worthington Joachim , Yu Xue Qin , Caruana Michael , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Bray Freddie , Lawrance Sheena , Arcorace Maria , O’Connell Dianne L. , Canfell Karen , Feletto Eleonora 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPreviously published sub-site Australian projections for colon and rectal cancers to 2035 using the World Health Organization’s mortality database sourced from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) predicted mortality rate decreases for colon cancer and increases for rectal cancer. There are complexities related to the interpretation of ABS’s Australian colon and rectal cancer mortality rates, which could lead to possible inaccuracies in mortality rates for these sub-sites. The largest Australian population-wide registry, New South Wales Cancer Registry (NSWCR), compares routinely-reported causes of death with the recorded medical history from multiple data sources. Therefore, this study used the NSWCR data to project mortality rates for colon and rectal cancers separately to 2040 in Australia. The mortality rates for colon cancer are projected to continuously decline over the period 2015–2040, from 7.0 to 4.7 per 100,000 males, and from 5.3 to 3.2 per 100,000 females. Similar decreasing trends in mortality rates for rectal cancer were projected over the period 2015–2040, from 4.9 to 3.7 per 100,000 males, and from 2.6 to 2.3 per 100,000 females. These projections provide benchmark estimates for the colorectal cancer burden in Australia against which the effectiveness of cancer control interventions can be measured.
Povidone iodine suppresses LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88 formation in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Lee Seung Hoon , Choi Mi-Ra , Chung Jaein , Choi Seung-Hyeon , Park Soo Kyoung , Kim Yong Min 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPovidone-iodine (PVP-I) is an antiseptic and a disinfectant with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. However, it is unclear whether PVP-I nasal instillation can suppress mucosal inflammation in non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) mice. This study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying molecular mechanism of PVP-I on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated airway epithelial cells and investigate whether nasal instillation of PVP-I can suppress mucosal inflammation in non-eosinophilic CRS mice. Inflammation-related molecules in the nasal epithelial cells and non-eosinophilic CRS mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoprecipitation, and histopathological analysis. PVP-I blocked expressions of various inflammation-related molecules, such as NLRP3, NF-κB-p65, caspase-1, and IL-1β. Translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus, and assembly of NLRP3/ASC complexes in the nasal epithelial cells and non-eosinophilic CRS mice were also restricted. Notably, PVP-I strongly blocked the receptor co-localization of TLR4 and MyD88 in the epithelial cells of nasal mucosa. We demonstrated that PVP-I significantly attenuated inflammatory molecules and cytokines via blocking the formation of TLR4 and MyD88 complexes during LPS-induced mucosal inflammation in non-eosinophilic CRS.
Factors associated with posttraumatic growth among North Korean defectors in South Korea
Authors: Lee Mi Kyung , Kim Ocksim , Kim Kyoung-A. , Chu Sang Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRefugees experience various kinds of trauma during the migration process, which can cause psychiatric problems such as posttraumatic stress disorder. However, in the process of overcoming traumatic experiences, they may also experience posttraumatic growth (PTG). This study examined the level of PTG and its associated factors among North Korean defectors, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). In total, 212 North Korean defectors completed self-report questionnaires measuring PTG (PTG inventory), PTSS (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, PCL-5), quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF), and various sociodemographic variables. Participants completed the survey online, from July 27 to August 4, 2020. Participants reported a moderate level of PTG scores (51.7 ± 15.4, range 0–80). To determine the impact of PTSS on PTG among North Korean defectors, we conducted a hierarchical multiple regression analysis. In the final model, several sociodemographic factors (years in South Korea, education in North Korea, religion, and employment status), overall quality of life (β = 0.321,p < 0.001), and PTSS (β = 0.162,p = 0.035) were positively associated with PTG, whereas living with family (β = − 0.1261,p = 0.040) and loneliness (β = − 0.401,p < 0.001) were negatively associated with PTG, accounting for 36.6% of the variance in PTG scores (p < 0.001). This is the first large-scale study describing the level of PTG and its associated factors among North Korean defectors residing in South Korea. Further, our study provides suggestions for future research in this area, and interventions for improving PTG among this group.
Motion characteristics of subclinical tremors in Parkinson’s disease and normal subjects
Authors: Chan Ping Yi , Ripin Zaidi Mohd , Halim Sanihah Abdul , Arifin Wan Nor , Yahya Ahmad Shukri , Eow Gaik Bee , Tan Kenny , Hor Jyh Yung , Wong Chee Keong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe characteristics of the Parkinson’s disease tremor reported previously are not applicable to the full spectrum of severity. The characteristics of high- and low-amplitude tremors differ in signal regularity and frequency dispersion, a phenomenon that indicates characterisation should be studied separately based on the severity. The subclinical tremor of Parkinson’s disease is close to physiological tremor in terms of amplitude and frequency, and their distinctive features are still undetermined. We aimed to determine joint motion characteristics that are unique to subclinical Parkinson’s disease tremors. The tremors were characterised by four hand–arm motions based on displacement and peak frequencies. The rest and postural tremors of 63 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 62 normal subjects were measured with inertial sensors. The baseline was established from normal tremors, and the joint motions were compared within and between the two subject groups. Displacement analysis showed that pronation–supination and wrist abduction–adduction are the most and least predominant tremor motions for both Parkinson’s disease and normal tremors, respectively. However, the subclinical Parkinson’s disease tremor has significant greater amplitude and peak frequency in specific predominant motions compared with the normal tremor. The flexion–extension of normal postural tremor increases in frequency from the proximal to distal segment, a phenomenon that is explainable by mechanical oscillation. This characteristic is also observed in patients with Parkinson’s disease but with amplification in wrist and elbow joints. The contributed distinctive characteristics of subclinical tremors provide clues on the physiological manifestation that is a result of the neuromuscular mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.
Evaluation of cooperative and non-cooperative game theoretic approaches for water allocation of transboundary rivers
Authors: Mirzaei-Nodoushan Fahimeh , Bozorg-Haddad Omid , Loáiciga Hugo A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEfficient water allocation in a transboundary river basin is a complex issue in water resources management. This work develops a framework for the allocation of transboundary river water between the countries located in the river basin to evaluate the characteristics of allocation approaches. The allocation of river water is obtained based on initial-water conditions, cooperative, and non-cooperative game-theoretic approaches. The initial-conditions water allocation approach assigns 34, 40, and 26% of the Harirud River flow to Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, respectively. The game-theoretic cooperative approach assigns 36, 42, and 22% of the river flow to Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, respectively. The non-cooperative game-theoretic approach establishes that the most stable water allocation was 42, 38, and 20% of the Harirud River flow for Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan, respectively. Human and agricultural water-stress criteria are used to evaluate the water allocations in the Harirud River basin. The criterion of human water stress has the largest influence in Iran, and the criterion of agricultural water stress has the smallest influence in Afghanistan. This work’s results indicate the initial-conditions water allocation approach favors Turkmenistan, whereas the cooperative and the non-cooperative game-theoretic approaches favors Iran and Afghanistan, respectively. The results show that the priorities of each country governs water allocation, and cooperation is shown to be necessary to achieve sustainable development.