bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoredox One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Shou Jianxin , Feng Gaofeng , He Jing-Yao , Bai Qi-Fan , Li Xuewen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA photoredox one-pot strategy for efficient accessing 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones from anilines, oxalyl chloride, and electron-deficient alkenes is disclosed. The new approach features excellent synthetic efficiency, readily available starting materials, and simple operations. It is compatible with a variety of anilines and electron-deficient alkenes. A broad array of 3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones were prepared.
Nonpharmacological Interventions for Pain in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Systematic Review
Authors: Argueta-Figueroa Liliana , Flores-Mejía Luis Angel , Ávila-Curiel Beatriz Xóchitl , Flores-Ferreyra Blanca Irma , Torres-Rosas Rafael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of nonpharmacological therapies for painful temporomandibular joint disorders. The protocol was registered on International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42020171364). The search was performed on the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials, and Web of Science. The eligibility criteria were randomized controlled trials in patients diagnosed with painful temporomandibular joint disorders comparing the pain relief between conventional treatment and nonpharmacological therapies such as acupuncture, physiotherapy, low-level laser, and massage. Fourteen articles were included in this review. At the overall bias of the studies included, 71.42% exhibited some concerns and 28.57% had high risk. The efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions was found to be moderate in the short term and variable in the long term for pain reduction in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. The evidence pointed out that acupuncture, laser therapy, and physiotherapy are potentially useful interventions for pain relief in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. However, there is a lack of consistency and short-term follow-up in the studies to determine the lasting of such effect.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Shhabat Zaid , Ghozlan Mo'ath , Kana'an Nadeem , Tashtoush Ashraf , Alelaimat Ayman , Saadeh Rami 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted the provision of dental treatment in a timely manner including orthodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to assess challenges encountered by patients undergoing orthodontic treatment during the pandemic and their attitude toward managing these challenges.
Material and Methods A cross-sectional sample of orthodontic patients at Prince Rashid Hospital in the north of Jordan was recruited to participate in a self-administered questionnaire that included questions related to orthodontic problems encountered during the lockdown, ways to overcome these problems, and concerns about their treatment.
Results A total of 120 patients participated, 40 males and 80 females. Most participants (n = 86) had a fixed orthodontic appliance, who reported various orthodontic problems (82%), but the most common problems reported were exposed wire endings and loosening of brackets. Likewise, the most commonly reported problem among those with removable appliances (n = 34) was a broken or loose appliance (60%). However, patients of both types of appliances ignored the problem and waited until the re-opening of dental offices. Further, most patients missed at least one appointment for different reasons and three-quarters of them (76.6%) did not communicate with their orthodontists during the lockdown. Patients expressed their disagreement with the closure of dental offices during the pandemic because of their concern of a prolonged waiting to receive another appointment.
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on orthodontic care and the maintenance of appointments during the lockdown periods. Patients varied in ways they managed their orthodontic problems, including their commitment to communicate with the dentists or maintain their appointments. Hence, patients should be trained on how to manage the appliance problems when they need and encourage them to accept distant communication during the emergencies.
Role of Wrist Arthroscopy in Juvenile Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Ishwar Mahalakshmi , Lindau Tommy R. , Johnson Karl , Pidgeon Claire , Jester Andrea , Coles William , Oestreich Kerstin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background and Purposes The wrist is the fourth most common joint to be involved in juvenile inflammatory arthritis (JIA), which is a common rheumatological condition affecting children. Wrist arthroscopy is well established in rheumatoid arthritis, but remains unexplored in JIA. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of wrist arthroscopy in JIA, with focus on those who are refractory to medical management.
Methods This is a prospective observational study, including consecutive patients with JIA undergoing arthroscopy between January 2016 and December 2020. Those over the age of 18 years and those with other rheumatological diagnoses were excluded. Data including pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables, demographics, and patient-reported outcomes were collated and are reported using standard measures.
Results A total of 15 patients underwent arthroscopy (n = 20 wrists). Synovitis was noted in all wrists on arthroscopy and synovectomy was performed in all cases. Other procedures were performed as indicated during the procedure. The median follow-up duration was 11.3 (interquartile range [IQR] 8.1–24.2) months. Median reduction of 4 (IQR 2.25–6) points on the Visual Analogue Score for pain on loading was noted postoperatively. Grip strength was improved in n = 11/20 wrists and functional improvement was noted in n = 18/20 wrists. Restriction of range of motion was achieved with a shrinkage procedure in patients with hypermobile joints. There were no postoperative complications, and no patients were lost to follow-up.
Conclusion In experienced hands, wrist arthroscopy is feasible, safe, and efficacious in the management of JIA, among patients who are refractory to medical management.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II study.
Midterm Outcomes in Lateral Unicompartment Knee Replacement: The Effect of Patient Age and Bearing Choice
Authors: Hartman Jeffrey , Dobransky Johanna , Dervin Geoffrey F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIsolated lateral compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) affects between 7 and 10% of patients with knee OA. Although lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an accepted treatment to manage this condition, it is performed relatively infrequently. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid-term survivorship, radiographic outcomes, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). We performed a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of consecutive isolated lateral UKAs performed by a single surgeon at an academic institution between September 2007 and December 2015. Our primary outcome was failure defined as revision surgery to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Secondary outcomes included any additional surgery for any other reason. Forty-nine consecutive patients (27 females) with median age of 54.7 years (45.2–82.2) met the inclusion criteria. The survival rate for the whole cohort was 86.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.2–99.0) at 10 years as defined by conversion to TKA. There were a total of four lateral UKAs (all mobile bearings) revised to TKAs. The entire cohort demonstrated statistically significant improvements from preoperative PROMs compared with the most recent postoperative PROMs including the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Tegner activity scale at a median 8.8 (1.7–12.2) years follow-up. Patients with mobile bearing underwent higher revision to TKA and reoperation for all indications compared with fixed-bearing lateral UKA. In this relatively young cohort, lateral UKA yielded acceptable long-term survival and satisfactory improvement in functional outcomes. Patients who had fixed-bearing implants had similar improvement and trended toward lower revision rates than those with mobile-bearing implants. Level III therapeutic: retrospective Study was performed.
A Computational Data Mining Strategy to Identify the Common Genetic Markers of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Jayaseelan Vijayashree Priyadharsini , Arumugam Paramasivam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Statement of Problem Prosthodontic planning in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) is a challenge for the clinicians.
Purpose A differential biomarker identification could aid in developing methods for early detection and confirmation of TMD from other related conditions.
Materials and Methods The present study identified candidate genes with possible association with TMDs. The observational study delineates genes from three datasets retrieved from DisGeNET database. The convergence of datasets identifies potential genes related to TMDs with associated complication such as osteoarthritis. Gene ontology analysis was also performed to identify the potential pathways associated with the genes belonging to each of the datasets.
Results The preliminary analysis revealed vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin 1 β (IL1B, and estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) as the common genes associated with all three phenotypes assessed. The gene ontology analysis revealed functional pathways in which the genes of each dataset were clustered. The chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway, gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathway, cholecystokinin receptors (CCKR) signaling, and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway were the pathways most commonly associated with the phenotypes. The genes CCL2, IL6, and IL1B were found to be the common genes across temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and TMJ + osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) datasets.
Conclusion Analysis through computational approach has revealed IL1B as the crucial candidate gene which could have a strong association with bone disorders. Nevertheless, several immunological pathways have also identified numerous genes showing putative association with TMJ and other related diseases. These genes have to be further validated using experimental approaches to acquire clarity on the mechanisms related to the pathogenesis.
Chest-Wall Collateral Embolization to Reduce Surgical Blood Loss in Peripheral Aspergillomas
Authors: Goyal Ankur , Khan Imtiyaz Ahmad , Kumar Aditya , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Sharma Raju , Das Abanti , Bale Manjunath , Parshad Rajinder 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to present the procedural details and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) findings of perioperative chest-wall collateral embolization (PCCE) and compare intraoperative blood loss in patients of pulmonary aspergilloma (PA) undergoing lung resection with and without PCCE.
Materials and Methods Since November 2017, we have performed PCCE in 17 patients (14 males, three females, age 34.41 ± 12.85 years) before surgery for PA (embolization group). Retrospective evaluation of these patients was done, DSA findings were noted, and perioperative parameters (surgical approach, extent of resection, operative time, blood loss, blood transfusion, morbidity grade, and length of post-operative stay) were compared with a comparative cohort of 24 patients of PA (21 males, three females, mean age 36.13 ± 12.58 years) who underwent thoracic surgery without PCCE (May 2013–November 2017) (control group) using the Mann–Whitney U test.
Results A total of 55 arteries were embolized in 17 patients (mean 3.23 arteries per patient). Technical success could be achieved in all patients without any procedure-related complications. The most common arteries embolized were posterior intercostal arteries (29) followed by costocervical trunk (10), superior thoracic (8), lateral thoracic (5), and internal thoracic arteries (3). The mean blood loss was significantly lower in the embolization group compared with the control group (676.47 vs. 1,264.58 mL, p = 0.015). Within the embolization group, patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery had even lower blood loss compared with open surgery cases (466 vs. 887.50 mL, p-value = 0.046).
Conclusion PCCE is a simple and safe procedure, useful in reducing intra-operative blood loss in patients undergoing surgery for peripherally located PA.
The Use of Robotic-Arm Assistance in Complex Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Report of Three Challenging Cases
Authors: Siddiqi Ahmed , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Jacob Paul , Molloy Robert M. , Bloomfield Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this case report was to demonstrate the utility, versatility, and efficacy of robotic-arm technology in complex primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) cases for acetabular bone loss, hip dysplasia, and post-traumatic arthritis with hardware. Preoperative computer templating allows precise and accurate acetabular and femoral stem positioning in cases that presented with significant native deformity and bone loss. Robotic-arm THA may be a viable option for complex primary cases to optimize implant positioning and mitigate postoperative instability and complications.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Ileus following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kijak Nicoletta A. , Ng Mitchell K. , Conway Charles A. , Vakharia Rushabh M. , Razi Afshin E. , Wong Che Hang Jason 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPostoperative ileus (POI) is a feared complication following surgery. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare patient demographics between patients who developed and did not develop POI following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), (2) compare in-hospital lengths of stay (LOS), and (3) identify patient-related risk factors associated with developing POI after primary THA. Using the 100% Medicare Standard Analytical Files from the PearlDiver from 2005 to 2014, patients developing POI within 3 days following primary THA were identified as the study cohort, whereas patients not developing POI served as the comparison cohort. Primary endpoints of the study included comparing patient demographics, in-hospital LOS, and identifying patient-related risk factors. A multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify patient-related risk factors by calculating odds ratio (OR) for the risk of developing POI. A p-value less than 0.001 was considered to be statistically significant. The query yielded 335 patients (0.03%) who developed POI following their primary THA procedure. The study group was significantly different compared with controls with respect to age (p < 0.0001), sex (p < 0.0001), and prevalence of comorbid conditions. Patients who developed POI had longer in-hospital LOS (5 vs. 3 days, p < 0.0001). Risk factors associated with POI included electrolyte and fluid imbalance (OR: 3.06, p < 0.0001), male sex (OR: 2.86, p < 0.0001), and obesity (OR: 1.89, p < 0.0001). The study found significant differences among patients who did and did not develop POI following primary THA and several associated risk factors for the complication. Identification and adequate preoperative optimization of modifiable risk factors could potentially reduce the incidence of POI.
Late Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease: Definition and Implication on Core Outcomes
Authors: Tan Yew-Wei , Chacon Carmen Sofia , Geoghegan Niamh , Saxena Amulya , Clarke Simon , Haddad Munther , Choudhry Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction Late diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (LDHD) may carry a poor prognosis. Its definition remains unclear and its implication on HD-related core outcomes has not been fully reported.
Methods A single-center 20-year series was reviewed to include HD with follow-up of 1 year or more post pull-through (PT) and aged 5 years or older. We investigated six core outcomes derived from NETS1HD study by comparing the groups dichotomized by four time points using age at diagnosis (44-week gestation, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years). Following establishment of definition of LDHD, the outcomes and complications were compared with timely diagnosis of HD (TDHD).
Results Forty-nine out of eighty-six HD were included. The definition of LDHD was found to be HD diagnosed at 1 year of age or later because 3/6 core outcomes were significantly worse than TDHD. Nine patients (18%) had LDHD—median age at diagnosis 42 months (12–89) and PT performed at 57 months (12–103), mostly Soave (73%); a covering stoma was performed in 7/9, significantly higher than TDHD in 10/40 (p = 0.001). LDHD was associated with increased unplanned surgery (78% vs. 30%, p = 0.019), fecal incontinence (100% vs. 62%, p = 0.01), and permanent stoma (33% vs. 5%, p = 0.037). Major complications (56% vs. 20%, p = 0.043) and redo PT (33% vs. 5%, p = 0.037) were also higher in LDHD.
Conclusion LDHD could be defined as HD diagnosis at or over 1 year of age. LDHD was associated with more preoperative stoma, major postoperative complications, unplanned reoperation, and worse HD-related core outcomes.
Cystic Artery Pseudoaneurysm with Concurrent Cholecystoduodenal Fistula—Endovascular Management and Review of Literature
Authors: Patidar Yashwant , Chandel Karamvir , Chatterjee Navojit , Tripathy Tara Prasad , Kumar Senthil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA rare complication of acute cholecystitis is a pseudoaneurysm of the cystic artery. We discuss a case of a 65-year-old man with synchronous cholecystoenteric fistula and cystic artery pseudoaneurysm managed by selective angioembolization of the cystic artery, followed by interval cholecystectomy.
Charge exchange spectroscopy using spatial heterodyne spectrometer in the large helical device
Authors: Arellano F. J. , Yoshinuma M. , Ida K. 
Published: March 2022

In this study, the use of a spatial heterodyne spectrometer (SHS) to measure the toroidal flow velocity (Vf) and the ion temperature (TC6+) of the C6+ impurity ion by charge exchange spectroscopy was explored. The instrumental width (IW) of the SHS (aperture size = 16.77 mm2, etendue = 2.9867 mm2sr) was extrapolated to be 0.09 nm, which is half of the 0.17 nm IW extrapolated for a conventionally used dispersive spectrometer (DS) (aperture size = 2.6 mm2, etendue = 0.2605 mm2sr). The resulting Vf and TC6+ measurements were found to be in good agreement with those measured using the DS.
A filter-based Raman spectrometer for non-invasive imaging of atmospheric water vapor
Authors: Kieft Trevor , Mashburn Carter , Borysow Jacek , Mazzoleni Claudio 
Published: March 2022

A new instrument was designed and developed to map the spatial distribution of water vapor concentration in the atmosphere. The high spatial resolution, sensitivity, and accuracy of the instrument enable new studies of the role of turbulence on clouds and aerosols in small-scale laboratory environments. The instrument exploits Raman scattering in a multi-pass laser configuration by using a set of narrow bandpass filters and a pair of charge coupled device imaging cameras in the 90° scattering geometry. The absolute concentration of water vapor was inferred from measured ratios of H2O and N2 vibrational Raman transitions. We have measured the number densities of water molecules in the atmosphere as low as 3.5 × 1017 cm−3, with an accuracy better than 20% and as high as 7.0 × 1017 cm−3 during minutes long observations. These measurements were taken within an imaging region 6 cm in diameter, with a per-pixel resolution 2.60 mm wide by 0.16 mm tall and 1 mm deep.
Combined use of foliar zinc fertilisation, thiamethoxam and propiconazole does not reduce their effectiveness for enriching zinc in wheat grains and controlling insects and disease
Authors: Ram Hari , Singh Beant , Kaur Maninder , Gupta Neha , Kaur Jaspal , Singh Amandeep 
Published: March 2022

Agronomic biofortification is possible through foliar zinc fertilisation around the earing and early milk stage of wheat. Farmers can be encouraged to apply foliar zinc fertilisation if there is yield enhancement or if it is compatible with other pesticides which are used during these stages to control aphid and stripe rust. To investigate the effectiveness of tank-mix applications of fertiliser and pesticide for enriching grain zinc and controlling the spread of aphid and stripe rust, studies were conducted at Punjab Agricultural Univeristy, Ludhiana, India for 4 years (2017–18 to 2020–21). We tested tank-mixing of zinc (0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O) + thiamethoxam 25 WG (50 g/ha), zinc + propiconazole (500 mL/ha) and zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole with one foliar application at the milk stage and two foliar applications at the flag leaf and milk stages. We did not find any adverse effect of tank-mix application of zinc sulfate, thiamethoxam and propiconazole on zinc enrichment in grains, nor in aphid and stripe rust control. The grain zinc enhancement was 99.8–114.9, 100.2–112.1 and 98.0–115.5% with application of foliar Zn, foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and propiconazole respectively. We also found 5.74% increased grain yield with foliar Zn + thiamethoxam and 7.24% increased grain yield in foliar Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole. Better net returns in combining Zn + thiamethoxam + propiconazole were also recorded. The results advocate for the tank-mix application of Zinc + thiamethoxam + propiconazole for pest management and Zn biofortification.
Ordered heterogeneity of molecular photosensitizer toward enhanced photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Ji-Hong , Gong Yun-Nan , Wang Hong-Juan , Wang Yu-Chen , Yang Wei , Mei Jian-Hua , Zhong Di-Chang , Lu Tong-Bu 
Published: March 2022

Significance
The photosensitizer is one of the important components in the photocatalytic system. Molecular photosensitizers have well-defined structures, which is beneficial in revealing the catalysis mechanism and helpful for further structural design and performance optimization. However, separation and recycling of the molecular photosensitizers is a great problem. Loading them into/on two/three-dimensional supports through covalent bonds, electrostatic interactions, and supramolecular interactions is a method that enhances their separation and recycling capability. Nonetheless, the structures of the resulting composites are unclear. Thus, the development of highly crystalline heterogeneity methods for molecular photosensitizers, albeit greatly challenging, is meaningful and desirable in photocatalysis, through which heterogeneous photosensitizers with well-defined structures, definite catalysis mechanisms, and good catalytic performance would be expected.
Olfactory regulation by dopamine and DRD2 receptor in the nose
Authors: Zhou Hai-Qian , Zhuang Liu-Jing , Bao Hong-Qiang , Li Sheng-Ju , Dai Feng-Yan , Wang Ping , Li Qian , Yin Dong-Min 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Despite the identification of neural circuits and circulating hormones in olfactory regulation, the peripheral targets for olfactory modulation remain relatively unexplored. Here we show that dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) is expressed in the cilia and somata of mature olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), while nasal dopamine (DA) is mainly released from the sympathetic nerve terminals, which innervate the mouse olfactory mucosa (OM). We further demonstrate that DA-DRD2 signaling in the nose plays important roles in regulating olfactory function using genetic and pharmacological approaches. Moreover, the local DA synthesis in mouse OM is reduced during hunger, which contributes to starvation-induced olfactory enhancement. Altogether, we demonstrate that nasal DA and DRD2 receptor can serve as the potential peripheral targets for olfactory modulation.