bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La chute de la pratique catholique en France autour de 1965 : le précepte dominical malmené
Authors: Berthe Pierre-Marie 
Published: April 2022

Si les travaux de Guillaume Cuchet montrent que la pratique religieuse baisse fortement en France autour de 1965, avant même la crise de 1968, les raisons qui ont poussé les catholiques à s’affranchir du précepte dominical restent à approfondir. Sans revenir sur les causes sociales, politiques et culturelles, souvent étudiées, qui concourent à expliquer sur le long terme ce mouvement de désaffection pour la messe, cet article examine dans quelle mesure le précepte dominical a pu être fragilisé par certaines orientations du concile Vatican II (1962-1965). S’appuyant sur des documents romains, des ordonnances épiscopales et des sources internes à l’Église catholique, de nature canonique, catéchétique et pastorale, trop peu explorées en ce sens par la recherche historique, cette contribution entend évaluer les effets collatéraux, sur le plan de la pratique cultuelle dominicale, des discours et réformes qui ont prévalu dans les paroisses et les diocèses de France, au moment du Concile. Sept problématiques sont étudiées : la conversion pastorale de l’Église, la dynamique d’adaptation au monde, l’appel à la liberté et à la diversité, la priorité sociale et caritative, la simplification des rites, la participation active des fidèles, l’indulgence à l’égard des pécheurs et des non-catholiques. L’examen attentif des sources met en évidence que la baisse de la pratique ne doit pas être attribuée à une réforme, un événement ou un texte en particulier, mais plutôt à une atmosphère nouvelle, assez déstabilisante, résultant d’inflexions doctrinales et disciplinaires, impliquant des aspects fondamentaux du précepte dominical.
La noblesse de la monarchie habsbourgeoise et le modèle culturel louis-quatorzien : étapes d’une confrontation, entre rejet, contre-modèle et participation
Authors: Hyden-Hanscho Veronika 
Published: April 2022

Après 1648, la noblesse habsbourgoise était, d’un côté, catholique, loyale à la maison des Habsbourg et liée à la cour de Vienne ; de l’autre, transterritoriale, membre à part entière de la noblesse du Saint-Empire romain et de la culture aristocratique européenne. Corsetée dans l’antagonisme dynastique entre Bourbons et Habsbourg, elle a développé une attitude ambivalente envers la culture française, qui a façonné de plus en plus la vie de la noblesse en Europe. Cet exposé analyse, en s’appuyant sur des récits de voyageurs, des correspondances privées du Grand Tour et des rapports de diplomates en mission, les différentes stratégies de la noblesse habsbourgoise pour s’approprier la culture française, l’intégrer éclectiquement ou la contourner.
« […] one of the most perfect pieces of Architecture in Europ, emulating even some of the greatest now at Rome it selfe. » : perception et description de l’architecture française et italienne dans le journal de voyage de John Evelyn
Authors: Engelbrecht Martina 
Published: April 2022

Cet article examine les déplacements et les notes de voyage de l’auteur anglais John Evelyn, qui avait entrepris au milieu du xviie siècle une longue tournée à travers l’Europe continentale et documenté rétrospectivement ses impressions dans un journal appelé Diary. Notre analyse se concentre sur les descriptions des édifices qu’Evelyn a visités lors de ses séjours à Paris et à Rome. Les passages descriptifs du texte sont évalués de manière comparative en tenant compte des procédés descriptifs de l’auteur et de sa compréhension de l’architecture. La question première est de savoir quels édifices Evelyn a vus à Paris et à Rome et comment il juge ce qu’il a vu. Les jugements formulés dans le Diary seront mis en relation avec les écrits ultérieurs d’Evelyn sur l’architecture afin de déterminer (1°) si John Evelyn a pu acquérir, à partir de ses impressions de voyage, des connaissances en matière d’architecture et d’urbanisme et (2°) si ces connaissances ont pu nourrir ses réflexions ultérieures sur l’architecture et lui forger une opinion indépendante.
The Araştırma-Geliştirme Faaliyetlerine Yönelik Vergisel Teşvikler ve Seçili Ülkeler Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma
Authors: Çildir Melih , Tetik Melike 
Published: April 2022

Küreselleşmenin hız kazanması ile beraber rekabet edebilirlik olgusu oldukça önemli hale gelmiş, rekabet için önemli bir anahtar olan araştırma ve geliştirme kavramı ön plana çıkmıştır. Araştırma geliştirme faaliyetlerinin faydalarını erken dönemde fark edip ilgili alanlara yatırım yapan ülkeler günümüzde gelişmişlik statüsüne ulaşmışlar, ilgili faaliyetlerin yararlarını gördükçe araştırma geliştirme alanına yaptıkları yatırımları daha da artırmışlardır.
Çalışmanın amacı, piyasa başarısızlıkları nedeniyle düşük seyreden Ar-Ge yatırımlarının teşviki için devletlerin kullandığı çeşitli vergi teşviklerini incelemek, seçilen ülkelerin (Almanya, Belçika, Rusya ve Çin) gayrisafi yurtiçi hasılalarından Ar-Ge’ye ayırdıkları paylar ışığında hem Ar-Ge’ye yönelik vergi teşvik sistemlerinin incelenmesi hem de ülkemizle karşılaştırılmasının yapılması ve ekonomik büyümeyle ilgisinin irdelenmesidir. Çalışma sonucunda Türkiye ve seçilen ülkelerin GSYİH’dan Ar-Ge faaliyetlerine ayırdıkları pay ile Ar-Ge’yi teşvik sistemleri karşılaştırılmış, Türkiye’nin Ar-Ge faaliyetleri konusunda yetersiz olduğuna ulaşılmıştır.
Radiology: A new hope to help differentiate between types of dementia
Authors: Muneeba Amin  , Alviya Shafique  , Muhammad Yusuf Hafiz  
Published: April 2022

Lewy body dementia (LBD) is one of the disabling conditions commonly seen in elderly population, characterized by parkinsonian-like features, visual hallucinations, fluctuating levels of cognition, and Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder. As per recent statistics, low-middle income countries account for 58% of the world's population aging with dementia. By 2050, the population aging with dementia is expected to rise to 68%. Worldwide, developing countries bear 60% of the burden of patients with dementia. Approximately, Pakistan has 150,000–200,000 dementia patients.(1) True prevalence of LBD remains unknown owing to less diagnosed cases, however one meta-analysis has quoted the prevalence of around 7.5% in clinical population.(2) Another study has quoted around 4.2%.(3) The variation in the studied prevalence could be explained by the face that despite presence of clinical biomarkers,(4) and a validated diagnostic tool,(5) DLB remains undiagnosed in majority of the cases.
For several years, it was hypothesized that combining single-photon emission computed tomography with an intravenous radioactive compound, [123I] FP-CIT, could assist in differentiating Lewy body dementia from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Several dopamine-producing neurons are found in abundance in striatum and [123I] FP-CIT binds to dopamine transporters located on their membrane. Since these neurons are reduced in quantity in dementia with Lewy bodies (just as they are in Parkinson’s disease), but not in Alzheimer’s disease, this pattern of distribution would then aid in quantitatively distinguishing DLB from AD in an accurate way.
Neuroimaging techniques such as FP-CIT-SPECT and [123I] MIBG can be useful in adding diagnostic accuracy. However these techniques are not very accurate in diagnosing dementias on spectrum(6) LBD poses unique challenges due to being complex multi-symptom disorder that affects quality of life and increased caregiver burden. The difficulties arise not only due to this disabling disease but lack of knowledge, awareness and subsequently proper management(7) When diagnosis is made in due time, it enables planning for the future and improves quality of care. In the context of such limitations to treatment, we propose that the use of such investigations and more research to be done in this area as that could help bridge the gap between our currently available diagnostic options and the increasing burden of dementia in Pakistan.
Overcoming barriers to cervical cancer screening in a developing country like Pakistan
Authors: Zafar Ramsha , Asma Burney  
Published: April 2022

Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in Pakistani women of the reproductive age group (15-44 years), while in women of all ages, it ranks as the third most common. It is estimated that around 20 women are found to have cervical cancer per day, ranking Pakistan in the top 10 countries with the highest cancer-related mortality rates. [1] In 2020 alone, cervical cancer took the lives of 341, 831 women, 90% of whom belonged to developing countries including Pakistan. In the same year, it affected 604, 127 women, from which only 12% were from regions like the North America and Europe, while the remaining belonged to the developing world. [2] This startling disparity can be attributed to the introduction of pap smears in the developing world, like the United States and the United Kingdom, which saw >70% decline in cervical cancer mortality since screening through Pap smears was initiated in these countries. [3].
In Pakistan, several studies have shown that women of the reproductive age group lack basic awareness regarding cervical cancer and screening via Pap smears. A survey on 873 women between 18-28 years found 70.1% of the participants were completely unaware of cancer. [4] A more extensive study consisting of 1070 women between ages 21-30 years found that only 2.2% of their study's population was able to identify the symptoms and risk factors for cervical cancer, while Pap smear was recognized as a screening test by only 2.5% of the same. The Pap smear uptake in this population was 2%. [5].
This lack of knowledge regarding screening can be credited to several factors such as the low educational status of developing countries, little information communicated by the healthcare workers, and the insufficient knowledge of preventive measures amongst them. Other screening barriers include misconceptions about testing guidelines, the socioeconomic status of low-income families, lack of access to testing facilities, personal reluctance due to embarrassment, and family trends of not getting tested due to cultural taboos. [5].
It is crucial to overcome the aforementioned obstacles in order to ensure early screening and treatment of precancerous lesions in women.
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Stuttering related and psychosocial predictors of impact of stuttering
Authors: Humaira Naz  , Rukhsana Kausar  
Published: April 2022

Objective: To investigate the psychosocial factors having an impact on persons with a stuttering problem.
Methods: The correlation study was conducted from October 2016 to February 2018 at hospitals, speech clinics and educational institutes of Lahore. The sample was comprised of young adults aged 16-30 years of either gender with development stuttering problem. Data was collected using Stuttering Severity Instrument-4, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale-Urdu, Big Five Measure-20, Overall Assessment of the Speaker’s Experience of Stuttering and the Urdu version of the shortened form of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory. Data was analysed using SPSS 23.
Results: Of the 78 subjects, 66(84.6 %) were males and 12 (15.4 %) were females. There were 21(27%) subjects aged 16-19 years and 57(73%) with age range of 20 - 30 years. The overall mean age was 21.96 ± 3.89 years. Mean age of onset was 4.59 ± 1.29 years, while gradual onset and progressive stuttering was reported by 74(94.9 %). The Bilingual users 49(63%) reported to have frequent stuttering. Among the 43(55.1%) who had received treatment, 30 (38%) received speech therapy and 26 (33.3%) reported dissatisfaction. Stuttering severity and social anxiety were significantly positively correlated with all domains of impact of stuttering (p<0.05). Age, and duration were negatively correlated with day-to-day communication (p<0.05) and previous speech treatment showed negative association with impact on general knowledge about stuttering (p<0.05). Avoidance coping strategy had a significant relationship with all domains of impact (p<0.05).
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TEACHERS’ CONTENT KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN SELECTED SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS
Authors: NWENE ENU , OLANIYI AWOLERE 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: In spite of the fact that English language is very important in the society the performance of the students in the recent time in English language examination is not encouraging. Several factors have been mentioned as being responsible to students' inability to perform very well, such as teaching strategies and students’ attitude. This study therefore examined teachers’ content knowledge and attitude as predictors of students' achievement in English language in Ibadan Metropolis
Methodology: Descriptive research design was adopted using forty-four (44) teachers and One thousand seven hundred and sixteen (1716) senior secondary two students selected through random sampling technique. Three research instruments were used to generate data namely: Teachers' attitude to English language teaching questionnaire, Teachers subject mastery scale and English language achievement test. The data collected were analysed using multiple regressive at 0.05 level of significance.
Results: Findings indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between teachers' subject mastery and students' achievement (r=0.614; p<0.05). Also, there is significant positive correlation between Teachers attitude and students" achievement in English language (0.284; p<0.05). There is a composite relationship between the two independent variables and the dependent variable (academic achievement) (R =0.732). The independent variables accounted for 53.6% of the total variance in the students' academic achievement (Adjusted R2 =0.536) and this composite contribution is significant (F(2,1714) = 28.921; p>0.05. Subject mastery had significant relative contribution to achievement (β = 0.037; t=3.105, p<0.05) and teachers attitude also had significant relative contribution to achievement (β=0.102; t=4.087; p>0.05).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It was recommended, therefore that teachers should have a good content knowledge to improve students' performance in English language and the government should make sure that teachers employed to teach at various levels of learning most possess the necessary content knowledge.
PENERAPAN METODE PENEMUAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA TERHADAP KONSEP MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII di MTs N 4 KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Ermailis Ermailis 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian yang berjudul “Penerapan Metode Penemuan dalam Pembelajaran sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Siswa Terhadap Konsep Matematika”, merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan di kelas VIII MTs N 4 Kota Jambi tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Model penelitian tindakan kelas yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model guru sebagai peneliti, dimana model ini memiliki ciri utama yang sangat menonjol dan penting yaitu sangat berperannya guru itu sendiri dalam proses penelitian tindakan kelas. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini, peneliti dibantu oleh beberapa guru sebagai observer untuk melihat aktivitas siswa, sekaligus melihat peningkatan pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep matematika dalam pelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan metode penemuan.
Penelitian yang berjudul “Penerapan Metode Penemuan dalam Pembelajaran sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Siswa Terhadap Konsep Matematika”, merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan di kelas VIII MTs N 4 Kota Jambi tahun ajaran 2018/2019. Model penelitian tindakan kelas yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model guru sebagai peneliti, dimana model ini memiliki ciri utama yang sangat menonjol dan penting yaitu sangat berperannya guru itu sendiri dalam proses penelitian tindakan kelas. Dalam pelaksanaan penelitian ini, peneliti dibantu oleh beberapa guru sebagai observer untuk melihat aktivitas siswa, sekaligus melihat peningkatan pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep matematika dalam pelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan metode penemuan.
Pembelajaran matematika dengan metode penemuan ini dilakukan secara berkelompok. Dari penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan metode penemuan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika siswa. Hal ini terlihat dari hasil tes formatif, ketuntasan belajar siswa, daya serap klasikal dan pencapaian nilai rata-rata dari setiap siklus mengalami peningkatan. Berdasarkan lembar observasi, diketahui bahwa aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran meningkat. Pada umumnya siswa memberikan respon positif terhadap pembelajaran matematika dengan metode penemuan, hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil angket dan jurnal harian siswa.
Sejarah, Pendidikan Multikultural di Jepang
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Sipuan Sipuan , Aly Hery Noer , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain 
Published: April 2022

Masyarakat Jepang diketahui dengan ciri- ciri sebagai berikut: Kemauan yang kuat untuk mempelajari hal-hal baru dan menitu hal-hal yang dapat mengembangkan kebudayaan Jepang. Mengagumi ide – ide asing dengan cermat memilih hal-hal yang dapat diterima sesuai dengan kondisi Jepang. Menghargai kecakapan dan prestasi seseorang lebih tinggi daripada latar belakang atau keturunan. Ciri – ciri tersebut di atas membuat Negara Jepang untuk dapat bergerak lebih cepat dalam pengembangan pendidikan. Setiap warga memiliki kewajiban untuk mengembangkan daya intelektual dan moral mereka, melaksanakan hukum dan mempersembahkan keberaniannya deminegara untuk melindungi dan menjaga kesejahteraan istana kaisar.
Setiap warga memiliki kesempatan yang sama menerima pendidikan menurut kemampuan mereka, bebas dari diskriminasi atas dasar ras, jenis kelamin, status sosial, posisi ekonomi, asal usul keluarga, bantuan finansial, bagi yang memerlukan, kebebasan akademik, dan tanggung jawab untuk membangun negara dan masyarakat yang damai. Perbedaan yang lain adalah mengenai tujuan pendidikan. Tujuan pendidikan adalah untuk meningkatkan kesetiaan dan ketaatan bagi Kaisar agar dapat memperoleh persatuan masyarakat di bawah ayah yang sama, yakni Kaisar. Adapun tujuan pendidikan menurut adalah untuk meningkatkan perkembangan kepribadian secara utuh, menghargai nilai-nilai individu, dan menanamkan jiwa yang bebas.
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN TRILOGI PENDIDIKAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN ANAK DI SDN 01 DESA EMBACANG
Authors: Murniyanto Murniyanto 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini berlatar belakang dari guru yang dinilai sangat penting dalam perkembangan anak dan dunia pendidikan. Segala hal yang dilakukan guru adalah contoh bagi anak-anak oleh sebab itulah guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran perlu dengan lebih efektif seperti menggunakan konsep trilogy Ki Hadjar Dewantara, dimana di konsep ini memuat tiga hal yaitu : Ing Ngarsa Sung Tulada, Ing Madya Mangun Karsa dan Tut Wuri Handayani.
Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan manajemen trilogi pendidikan Ki Hadjar dewantara di kelas III serta kendala-kendala dalam penerapan tersebut di SDN 1 Desa Embacang. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dimana menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, metode penelian ini purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian Penerapannya seperti guru memberikan contoh sikap sopan santun serta perilaku baik dilingkungan sekolah dan di luar sekolah. Hanya saja kendala penerapan ini dikarenakan kurangnya timbal balik dari anak. Kendala Pertama masalah ekonomi keluarga,kedua pengaruh teman sebaya,ketiga kurang perhatian orang tua
Optimization and Storage Study of Rabri Enriched with Date Syrup and Makhana
Authors: Saxena Divya , Hussain Ikhlaq , Singh Smita , Kumar Sanjay , Garg Neha 
Published: April 2022

Rabri is a dairy-based sweet dessert that is very popular in Indian subcontinent. Its high sugar content limits some health conscious people from consuming it. In this study, rabri was prepared with date syrup replacing sugar completely. Three formulations were made varying the amount of buffalo milk and date syrup. The formulations were-T1 (95:5), T2 (90:10) and T3 (85:15) (buffalo milk: date syrup). Sensory evaluation was used for the optimization of the treatments. T1 scored highest with overall acceptability of 8.83 ± 0.15. The shelf-life analysis was conducted for the optimized sample based on physico-chemical, sensory and microbial parameters (total plate count, yeast and molds and coliform count). The results showed a decline in the physico-chemical parameters i.e., pH, protein, fat, moisture and ash decreased from 6.75 ± 0.07 to 6.38 ± 0.12; 12.45 ± 0.07 to 10.5 ± 0.14; 22.78 ± 0.53 to 17.7 ± 0.14; 41.12 ± 1.31 to 33.16 ± 0.77 and 2.7 ± 0.28 to 1.5 ± 0.16 during the storage period. TA and total plate count increased with the storage period; however, yeast and molds were found at the end of the storage study and coliform count was absent throughout the study. The sensory characteristics, i.e. color, texture, mouthfeel and sweetness also decreased during the storage study; however, the optimized formulation was still acceptable with OA (6.67 ± 0.18) at the end of the 15th day of analysis. This study showed an approach of utilizing date syrup instead of sugar for the preparation of rabri and, enhancing its nutritional properties with the addition of makhana.
HIGHLIGHTS

The high amount of sugar in Indian desserts limit their consumption in all age-groups; since everyone has become focused on healthy and less-calorie diet intake
Rabri formulated with date syrup and makhana has helped to reduce the junk calorie intake due to sugar and enriched the dessert with more nutrition
The physico-chemical analysis, sensory analysis and microbial study were conducted to observe the shelf-life of rabri for 15 days
The Effects of Surface Roughness of the Stainless-Steel Anode on Electricity Enhancement of Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Kulchartvijit Thuschapol , Chianrabutra Chamaporn , Sukontasing Sirapan , Chianrabutra Srisit 
Published: April 2022

Microorganisms actively catabolize substrate, and bioelectricity is generated. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) could be utilized as a power generator in small devices. The discovery of species of microorganisms is called Rhodopseudomonas palustris KU-EGAT 13. The experiments have been conducted with the production of electricity from this type of microorganism in a single chamber microbial fuel cell. The study used 4 surface roughness of anode electrode single chamber micro fuel to study the performance of microbial fuel cell effect from the anode. Three stainless steel plates were polished to uniform roughness to the magnitude between 0.05 and 1 µm. After 24 h of experimentation, the rough electrode’s open-circuit voltage (OCV) and power densities were much higher than that produced by the smooth one. Moreover, the smooth surface is higher than the charge-transfer resistance of the rough electrode. The rough surface’s better electrochemical performance is due to denser biofilm grown on the surface, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and figuring out the microbial number in an image using an ImageJ program.
HIGHLIGHTS

The new discovery of species of microorganisms is called Rhodopseudomonas palustris KU-EGAT 13 which can produce electricity in a single chamber microbial fuel cell
The performance of MFCs has gotten an effect from the different anode surface roughness.The biomass growth is larger than a rougher anode surface, which contributes to anode’s efficiency
After observed by SEM, found that when it is in the highest anode surface roughness directed towards the number of microbes stick on the surface

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT