bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project
Authors: Baena-García Laura , Aparicio Virginia A , Molina-López Ana , Aranda Pilar , Cámara-Roca Laura , Ocón-Hernández Olga 
Published: July 2022

Background: Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Aim: To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021. Results: Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p < 0.001) and slightly more smokers ( p = 0.05) than women who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%). Conclusion: Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.
Reduction in Postprandial Peak Glucose With Increased Technosphere Insulin Dosage
Authors: Kaiserman Kevin B. , Christiansen Mark , Bhavsar Sunil , Ulloa Johanna , Santogatta Brandi , Hanna Joseph , Bailey Timothy S. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Technosphere Insulin (TI) is an ultra-rapid-acting inhaled insulin. This study assessed the mean peak two-hour postprandial glucose concentration with the initial TI dose (dose 1) calculated per the current label (United State Prescribing Information) compared with a ~2× higher dose (dose 2). Secondary objectives were to evaluate hypoglycemia within the two-hour postprandial period, evaluate change in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) before and after the two-hour postprandial period, and monitor for other adverse events. Methods: Twenty patients with diabetes, on basal-bolus insulin therapy, received an initial dose 1 of TI followed by the higher dose 2, one to three days later. Subjects received an identical meal for both visits, and TI doses were administered immediately prior to the meal. Results: The higher dose 2 provided significant reductions in mean postprandial glucose excursion (PPGE) in the two-hour postprandial period starting from 45 minutes ( P = .008) to 120 minutes ( P < .0001). Mean peak glucose was reduced from 228.6 to 179.3 mg/dL ( P < .001) at two hours. Two hypoglycemic events (one level 1, one level 2) were observed in a single subject during the two-hour postprandial period with dose 2. There were no significant changes in FEV1 after either dose of TI. Conclusions: The higher dose 2 reduced PPGE versus the current label recommended dose 1 within the two-hour postprandial timeframe without any new safety concerns. When confirmed with a larger study, this higher TI dosing recommendation may help patients and clinicians minimize immediate postprandial hyperglycemia when titrating TI for prandial glucose control.
Use of handheld electrocardiograph (SnapECG) for the remote monitoring of arrhythmias
Authors: Gu Qian , Chen Zengguang , Ma Jiazheng , Zhou Yaqing , Li Jinshuang , Ying Lianghong , Hua Rui , Zhang Wenhao , Li Ran , Zou Fengwei , Gong Xiaoxuan , Zhan Yiyang , Li Chunjian 
Published: July 2022

Objective To investigate the value of a SnapECG monitoring in diagnosing arrhythmias compared with the conventional management. Methods In the first phase, the SnapECG and 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously adopted to detect arrhythmias in 439 hospitalized patients. The accuracies of the SnapECG in detecting different arrhythmias were assessed. In the second phase, 62 patients with palpitations were randomized to receive the SnapECG monitoring or conventional management for 3 months. The diagnosis rate, time of diagnosis, episodes before diagnosis, associated expenses, and scores of the modified European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the 36-item short-form health survey questionnaire (SF-36) were compared between groups. Results In the first phase, the SnapECG monitoring showed a sensitivity of 83.55% and specificity of 96.79% in identifying tachyarrhythmias, and a sensitivity of 95.29% and specificity of 97.54% in identifying bradyarrhythmias. In the second phase, 1642 ECGs were recorded by the SnapECG, among which 290 abnormal ECGs were identified. Compared with the conventional management, the SnapECG monitoring increased the diagnosis rate of symptomatic arrhythmias (70.97% vs. 19.35%, P < 0.05), shortened the time of diagnosis (48.26 ± 36.78 days vs. 71.45 ± 30.01 days, P < 0.05) and consequently reduced the episodes of symptomatic arrhythmias prior to establishing diagnosis. The scores of modified EHRA, SAS, SF-36 significantly improved at 3-month compared with their baseline levels in the SnapECG group. Conclusions Remote monitoring with the SnapECG can achieve early diagnosis of symptomatic arrhythmias. However, its sensitivity in identifying P-wave-related arrhythmias warrants further improvement.
Descriptive Epidemiology of a Surgical Patellofemoral Instability Population of 492 Patients
Authors: Zheng Evan T. , Kocher Mininder S. , Wilson Benjamin R. , Hussain Zaamin B. , Nunally Kianna D. , Yen Yi-Meng , Kramer Dennis E. , Micheli Lyle J. , Heyworth Benton E. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Patellofemoral instability (PFI) occurs most commonly in pediatric and adolescent patients, with evolving indications for surgery and changes in surgical techniques over the past decade. Purpose: To characterize the demographic, clinical, and radiologic characteristics of a large cohort of patients undergoing PFI surgery and investigate longitudinal trends in techniques utilized over a 10-year period at a tertiary-care academic center. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Electronic medical records of patients younger than 25 years of age who underwent primary surgery for lateral PFI from 2008 to 2017 at a single center by 1 of 5 different sports medicine surgeons were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic parameters of instability were analyzed. Routine surgical techniques included medial retinacular plication/reefing/repair (MRP), medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR), tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO), or a combination thereof, with or without lateral retinacular release (LR) or lateral retinacular lengthening (LRL). Exclusion criteria, selected for potentially altering routine surgical indications or techniques, included fixed/syndromic PFI, a formally diagnosed collagen disorder, cases in which a chondral/osteochondral shear fragment underwent fixation or was >1 cm in diameter, and body mass index >30 kg/m2. Results: Of the 492 study patients (556 knees; 71% female; median age, 15.2 years; 38% open physes), 88% were athletes, with the most common sports participated in being soccer, basketball, dance, football, gymnastics, and baseball/softball. While 91% of the cohort had recurrent dislocations, the 9% with primary dislocations were more likely to have small osteochondral fractures/loose bodies ( P < .001). Female patients were younger ( P = .002), with greater patellar tilt ( P = .005) than male patients. Utilization of MPFLR and TTO increased significantly over the study period, while use of MRP+LR decreased. Conclusion: Most patients younger than 25 years of age who underwent PFI surgery were skeletally immature, female, and athletes and had recurrent dislocations. The <10% who had primary dislocations and underwent surgery were likely to have osteochondral fractures. Surgical techniques have changed significantly over time, with increasing use of TTO and MPFLR, while the use of MRP+LR/LRL has significantly decreased.
Developing a classification of hematologic neoplasms in the era of precision medicine
Authors: Cazzola Mario , Sehn Laurie H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe recently developed International Consensus (IC) classification of hematologic neoplasms is primarily based on input from clinical advisory committees composed of pathologists, hematologists, oncologists, and genomic scientists. Morphology continues to represent a fundamental element in the definition of hematologic neoplasms. Acknowledging that the abnormal morphology is a result of dysregulated hematopoiesis driven by somatic gene mutations or altered expression, the IC classification considers genomic features more extensively. Defining nosologic entities based on underlying molecular mechanism(s) of disease is fundamental for enabling the development of precision treatments. Because translational and clinical research continuously advance the field, the classification of hematologic neoplasms will need to be regularly refined and updated; the basic question is what mechanism should be used for this purpose. Scientific hematopathology societies, in collaboration with hematology societies, should be primarily responsible for establishing a standing International Working Group, which would in turn collaborate with the World Health Organization (WHO)/International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to realize and disseminate the classification. The current classification, with its strong morphology component, represents a basis for refinement. Through data sharing, the creation of large comprehensive patient data sets will allow the use of methods of inference, including statistical analyses and machine learning models, aimed at further identifying distinct disease subgroups. A collaborative clinico-pathologic review process will provide a mechanism for updating pathologic and genomic criteria within a clinical context. An interactive Web-based portal would make the classification more immediately available to the scientific community, while providing accessory features that enable the practical application of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive information.
Improved Dynamics Model of Locomotive Traction Motor with Elasticity of Rotor Shaft and Supporting Bearings
Authors: Liu Yuqing , Chen Zaigang , Ning Jieyu , Wang Kaiyun , Zhai Wanming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe locomotive traction motor is described as a rotor-bearing system coupling the kinetic equations of the traction shaft and its support bearings with the determination of their elastic deformations in this study. Under the effect of excitations induced by the dynamic rotor eccentric distance and time-varying mesh stiffness, the elastic structure deformations of the shaft and support bearings are formulated in the vibration environment of the locomotive. In addition, the nonlinear contact forces between the components of the rolling bearing, the lubricating oil film, and radial clearance are comprehensively considered in this study. The results indicate that the elastic deformations of the shaft and bearings can change the dynamic responses of the traction motor and its support bearings. There are large differences between the ranges of the rotor motion calculated by the rigid and the flexible traction motor models when the intensified wheel-rail interaction is considered. With the increase of the rotor eccentricity, the results underscore the role of the elasticity of traction shaft and support bearings in dynamic researches of the traction motor. The critical value of the initial eccentric distance for the rub-impact phenomenon decreases from 1.23 mm to 1.15 mm considering the flexible effect of the shaft and bearings. This dynamics model of the traction motor can provide more accurate and reasonable simulation results for correlational dynamic researches.
Development of Texture Mapping Approaches for Additively Manufacturable Surfaces
Authors: Verma Bhupesh , Zarei Omid , Zhang Song , Schleifenbaum Johannes Henrich 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) technologies have been recognized for their capability to build complex components and hence have offered more freedom to designers for a long time. The ability to directly use a computer-aided design (CAD) model has allowed for fabricating and realizing complicated components, monolithic design, reducing the number of components in an assembly, decreasing time to market, and adding performance or comfort-enhancing functionalities. One of the features that can be introduced for boosting a component functionality using AM is the inclusion of surface texture on a given component. This inclusion is usually a difficult task as creating a CAD model resolving fine details of a given texture is difficult even using commercial software packages. This paper develops a methodology to include texture directly on the CAD model of a target surface using a patch-based sampling texture synthesis algorithm, which can be manufactured using AM. Input for the texture generation algorithm can be either a physical sample or an image with heightmap information. The heightmap information from a physical sample can be obtained by 3D scanning the sample and using the information from the acquired point cloud. After obtaining the required inputs, the patches are sampled for texture generation according to non-parametric estimation of the local conditional Markov random field (MRF) density function, which helps avoid mismatched features across the patch boundaries. While generating the texture, a design constraint to ensure AM producibility is considered, which is essential when manufacturing a component using, e.g., Fused Deposition Melting (FDM) or Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). The generated texture is then mapped onto the surface using the developed distance and angle preserving mapping algorithms. The implemented algorithms can be used to map the generated texture onto a mathematically defined surface. This paper maps the textures onto flat, curved, and sinusoidal surfaces for illustration. After the texture mapping, a stereolithography (STL) model is generated with the desired texture on the target surface. The generated STL model is printed using FDM technology as a final step.
Cutting Behavior of Cortical Bone in Different Bone Osteon Cutting Angles and Depths of Cut
Authors: Luo Yuanqiang , Ren Yinghui , Shu Yang , Mao Cong , Zhou Zhixiong , Bi Z. M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCortical bone is semi-brittle and anisotropic, that brings a challenge to suppress vibration and avoid undesired fracture in precise cutting process in surgeries. In this paper, a novel analytical model is proposed to represent cortical bone cutting processes. The model is utilized to predict the chip formations, material removal behavior and cracks propagation under varying bone osteon cutting angles and depths. Series of orthogonal cutting experiments were conducted on cortical bone to investigate the impact of bone osteon cutting angle and depth of cut on cutting force, crack initialization and propagation. The observed chip morphology highly agreed with the prediction of chip formation based on the analytical model. The curly, serrated, grainy and powdery chips formed when the cutting angle was set as 0°, 60°, 90°, and 120°, respectively. Cortical bone were removed dominantly by shearing at a small depth of cut from 10 to 50 μm, and by a mixture of pealing, shearing, fracture and crushing at a large depth of cut over 100 μm at different bone osteon angles. Moreover, its fracture toughness was calculated based on measured cutting force. It is found that the fluctuation of cutting force is suppressed and the bone material becomes easy to remove, which attributes to lower fracture toughness at bone osteon cutting angle 0°. When the cutting direction develops a certain angle to bone osteon, the fracture toughness increases then the crack propagation is inhibited to some extent and the fluctuation of cutting force comparatively decreases. There is a theoretical and practical significance for tools design and operational parameters choice in surgeries.
Batch effect detection and correction in RNA-seq data using machine-learning-based automated assessment of quality
Authors: Sprang Maximilian , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A. , Fontaine Jean-Fred 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The constant evolving and development of next-generation sequencing techniques lead to high throughput data composed of datasets that include a large number of biological samples. Although a large number of samples are usually experimentally processed by batches, scientific publications are often elusive about this information, which can greatly impact the quality of the samples and confound further statistical analyzes. Because dedicated bioinformatics methods developed to detect unwanted sources of variance in the data can wrongly detect real biological signals, such methods could benefit from using a quality-aware approach.

Results
We recently developed statistical guidelines and a machine learning tool to automatically evaluate the quality of a next-generation-sequencing sample. We leveraged this quality assessment to detect and correct batch effects in 12 publicly available RNA-seq datasets with available batch information. We were able to distinguish batches by our quality score and used it to correct for some batch effects in sample clustering. Overall, the correction was evaluated as comparable to or better than the reference method that uses a priori knowledge of the batches (in 10 and 1 datasets of 12, respectively; total = 92%). When coupled to outlier removal, the correction was more often evaluated as better than the reference (comparable or better in 5 and 6 datasets of 12, respectively; total = 92%).

Conclusions
In this work, we show the capabilities of our software to detect batches in public RNA-seq datasets from differences in the predicted quality of their samples. We also use these insights to correct the batch effect and observe the relation of sample quality and batch effect. These observations reinforce our expectation that while batch effects do correlate with differences in quality, batch effects also arise from other artifacts and are more suitably corrected statistically in well-designed experiments.
Impaired time-distance reconfiguration patterns in Alzheimer's disease: a dynamic functional connectivity study with 809 individuals from 7 sites
Authors: Du Kai , Chen Pindong , Zhao Kun , Qu Yida , Kang Xiaopeng , Liu Yong ,   the Multi-center Alzheimer Disease Imaging Consortium, Zhang Xi , Zhou Yuying , Han Ying , Wang Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has been used successfully to investigate the dysfunction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The reconfiguration intensity of nodal dFC, which means the degree of alteration between FCs at different time scales, could provide additional information for understanding the reconfiguration of brain connectivity.

Results
In this paper, we introduced a feature named time distance nodal connectivity diversity (tdNCD), and then evaluated the network reconfiguration intensity in every specific brain region in AD using a large multicenter dataset (N = 809 from 7 independent sites). Our results showed that the dysfunction involved in three subnetworks in AD, including the default mode network (DMN), the subcortical network (SCN), and the cerebellum network (CBN). The nodal tdNCD inside the DMN increased in AD compared to normal controls, and the nodal dynamic FC of the SCN and the CBN decreased in AD. Additionally, the classification analysis showed that the classification performance was better when combined tdNCD and FC to classify AD from normal control (ACC = 81%, SEN = 83.4%, SPE = 80.6%, and F1-score = 79.4%) than that only using FC (ACC = 78.2%, SEN = 76.2%, SPE = 76.5%, and F1-score = 77.5%) with a leave-one-site-out cross-validation. Besides, the performance of the three classes classification was improved from 50% (only using FC) to 53.3% (combined FC and tdNCD) (macro F1-score accuracy from 46.8 to 48.9%). More importantly, the classification model showed significant clinically predictive correlations (two classes classification: R = −0.38, P < 0.001; three classes classification: R = −0.404, P < 0.001). More importantly, several commonly used machine learning models confirmed that the tdNCD would provide additional information for classifying AD from normal controls.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated dynamic reconfiguration of nodal FC abnormities in AD. The tdNCD highlights the potential for further understanding core mechanisms of brain dysfunction in AD. Evaluating the tdNCD FC provides a promising way to understand AD processes better and investigate novel diagnostic brain imaging biomarkers for AD.
Integrative analysis of the steroidal alkaloids distribution and biosynthesis of bulbs Fritillariae Cirrhosae through metabolome and transcriptome analyses
Authors: Lu Qiuxia , Li Rui , Liao Jiaqing , Hu Yuqin , Gao Yundong , Wang Mingcheng , Li Jian , Zhao Qi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae (BFC) is an endangered high-altitude medicine and food homology plant with anti-tumor, anti-asthmatic, and antitussive activities as it contains a variety of active ingredients, especially steroidal alkaloids. Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergia (BFT) is another species of Fritillaria that grows at lower altitude areas. Production of plant-derived active ingredients through a synthetic biology strategy is one of the current hot topics in biological research, which requires a complete understanding of the related molecular pathways. Our knowledge of the steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis in Fritillaria species is still very limited.

Results
To promote our understanding of these pathways, we performed non-target metabolomics and transcriptome analysis of BFC and BFT. Metabolomics analysis identified 1288 metabolites in BFC and BFT in total. Steroidal alkaloids, including the proposed active ingredients of Fritillaria species peimine, peimisine, peiminine, etc., were the most abundant alkaloids detected. Our metabolomics data also showed that the contents of the majority of the steroidal alkaloids in BFC were higher than in BFT. Further, our comparative transcriptome analyses between BFC and BFT identified differentially expressed gene sets among these species, which are potentially involved in the alkaloids biosynthesis of BFC.

Conclusion
These findings promote our understanding of the mechanism of steroidal alkaloids biosynthesis in Fritillaria species.