bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimal instances with no weakly stable matching for three-sided problem with cyclic incomplete preferences
Authors: Lerner Eduard Yu. , Lerner Regina E. 
Published: April 2022

Given n men, n women, and n dogs, each man has an incomplete preference list of women, each woman has an incomplete preference list of dogs, and each dog has an incomplete preference list of men. We understand a family as a triple consisting of one man, one woman, and one dog such that the dog belongs to the preference list of the woman, who, in turn, belongs to the preference list of the man, while the latter belongs to the preference list of the dog. We understand a matching as a collection of nonintersecting families (some agents, possibly, remain single). A matching is said to be nonstable, if one can find a man, a woman, and a dog who do not live together currently but each of them would become “happier” if they do. Otherwise, the matching is said to be stable (a weakly stable matching). We give an example of this problem for [Formula: see text] where no stable matching exists. Moreover, we prove the absence of such an example for [Formula: see text]. Such an example was known earlier only for [Formula: see text] [P. Biró and E. McDermid, Three-sided stable matchings with cyclic preferences, Algorithmica 58 (2010) 5–18]. The constructed examples also allow one to halve the size of the recently constructed analogous example for complete preference lists [C.-K. Lam and C.G. Plaxton, On the existence of three-dimensional stable matchings with cyclic preferences, in Algorithmic Game Theory, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 11801 (Springer, 2019), pp. 329–342].
Lithiation and Magnesiation Mechanism of VOCl: First-Principles Moleculardynamics Simulation
Authors: Gao Danmei , Dong Jingren , Yuan Yuan , Xiao Renchao , Liu Yuping , Yu Danmei , Chen Changguo , Tang Aitao , Zhang Dingfei , Pan Fusheng 
Published: April 2022

The layered metal oxide VOCl is a kind of promising electrode material for rechargeable batteries. It is the first time that the thermodynamic, electronic, and kinetic properties of lithiated and magnesiated VOCl were systematically investigated. The upper limit of Li and Mg topological intercalation into VOCl is xLi = 1 and xMg = 0.5, respectively. Beyond the critical value, further lithiation and magnesiation will cause the phase evolution of layered VOCl. Upon lithiation, four discharge plateaus are observed at 2.10, 2.23, 1.62 and 1.23 V vs Li+/Li in the concentration range of 0 ≤ xLi ≤ 1. Upon magnesiation, the average voltage reaches 1.10 V vs Mg2+/Mg in the concentration range of 0 ≤ xMg ≤ 0.25, which are consistent with the experimental values. The pair correlation function (PCF) diagrams display the formation of V metal at high concentration of xLi and xMg, proving the occurrence of conversion reaction. The diffusion energy barriers of Li ions and Mg ions in VOCl are 0.22 and 0.72 eV, respectively, which are much lower than those of other intercalation materials. The layered VOCl bulk is a high-rate capability cathode material for lithium-ion battery. Based on the thermodynamic/kinetic properties and the AIMD simulation results, the electrochemical mechanism of layered VOCl is an intercalation-conversion reaction during the lithiated and magnesiated processes. The conversion-type cathodes have the potential to circumvent the sluggish solid-state Mg diffusion and improves the performance of Mg rechargeable batteries with high-energy density and high-rate capability.
Cancer Incidence in Migrants in Australia: Patterns of Three Infection-Related Cancers
Authors: Yu Xue Qin , Feletto Eleonora , Smith Megan A. , Yuill Susan , Baade Peter D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background:
Australia provides an ideal population-base for cancer migration studies because of its multicultural society and high-quality cancer registrations. Among migrant groups there is considerable variability in the incidence of infection-related cancers; thus, the patterns of three such cancers were examined among migrant groups relative to Australian-born residents.

Methods:
Using national incidence data for cancers of the stomach, liver, and cervix diagnosed during 2005 to 2014, incidence rates were compared for selected migrant groups with the Australian-born population using incidence rate ratios (IRR), from a negative binomial regression model.

Results:
Wide variations in incidence between countries/regions of birth were observed for all three cancers (P &lt; 0.0001). The patterns were similar for cancers of the stomach and liver, in that migrants from countries/regions with higher incidence rates maintained an increased risk in Australia, with the highest being among South American migrants (IRR = 2.35) for stomach cancer and among Vietnamese migrants (5.44) for liver cancer. In contrast, incidence rates of cervical cancer were lower for many migrant groups, with women from Southern Asia (0.39) and North Africa (0.42) having the lowest rates. The rate of cervical cancer was higher in migrants from New Zealand, Philippines, and Polynesia.

Conclusions:
Several Australian migrant groups were found to experience a disproportionate burden of infection-related cancers; further studies of associated risk factors may inform the design of effective interventions to mediate these disparities.

Impact:
By identifying these migrant groups, it is hoped that these results will motivate and inform prevention or early detection activities for these migrant groups.
See related commentary Dee and Gomez, p. 1251
Methylation Subtypes of Primary Prostate Cancer Predict Poor Prognosis
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Jordahl Kristina M. , Zhu Chenghao , Livingstone Julie , Rhie Suhn K. , Wright Jonathan L. , Grady William M. , Boutros Paul C. , Stanford Janet L. , Dai James Y. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground:Patients with prostate cancer experience heterogeneous outcomes after radical prostatectomy. Genomic studies including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) have reported molecular signatures of prostate cancer, but few studies have assessed the prognostic effects of DNA methylation profiles.Methods:We conducted the largest methylome subtyping analysis for primary prostate tumors to date, using methylome data from three patient populations: TCGA, a prostate cancer cohort study conducted at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FH; Seattle, WA), and the Canadian International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort. Four subtypes were detected in the TCGA dataset, then independently assigned to FH and ICGC cohort data. The identified methylation subtypes were assessed for association with cancer prognosis in the above three patient populations.Results:Using a set of hypermethylated CpG sites, four methylation subtypes were identified in TCGA. Compared with subtype 1, subtype 4 had an HR of 2.09 (P = 0.029) for biochemical recurrence (BCR) in TCGA patients. HRs of 2.76 (P = 0.002) for recurrence and 9.73 (P = 0.002) for metastatic-lethal (metastasis or prostate cancer–specific death) outcomes were observed in the FH cohort. A similar pattern of association was noted in the Canadian ICGC cohort, though HRs were not statistically significant.Conclusions:A hypermethylated subtype was associated with an increased hazard of recurrence and mortality in three studies with prostate tumor methylome data. Further molecular work is needed to understand the effect of methylation subtypes on cancer prognosis.Impact:This study identified a DNA methylation subtype that was associated with worse prostate cancer prognosis after radical prostatectomy.
A Whole-Genome CRISPR Screen Identifies AHR Loss as a Mechanism of Resistance to a PARP7 Inhibitor
Authors: Chen Huadong , Diolaiti Morgan E. , O'Leary Patrick C. , Rojc Ajda , Krogan Nevan J. , Kim Minkyu , Ashworth Alan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInhibitors directed toward PARP1 and PARP2 are approved agents for the treatment of BRCA1 and BRCA2-related cancers. Other members of the PARP family have also been implicated in cancer and are being assessed as therapeutic targets in cancer and other diseases. Recently, an inhibitor of PARP7 (RBN-2397) has reached early-stage human clinical trials. Here, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR screen for genes that modify the response of cells to RBN-2397. We identify the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor AHR and multiple components of the cohesin complex as determinants of resistance to this agent. Activators and inhibitors of AHR modulate the cellular response to PARP7 inhibition, suggesting potential combination therapy approaches.
Size at Which Aneurysms Rupture: A Hospital‐Based Retrospective Cohort From 3 Decades
Authors: Tarkiainen Jeremias , Kelahaara Milla , Pyysalo Liisa , Ronkainen Antti , Frösen Juhana 
Published: April 2022

Background
The size of the saccular intracranial aneurysm (IA) has been used as the primary indicator for rupture risk. We investigated at which size IAs that rupture did so, and whether this size has significantly changed over time.

Methods
Patients treated for ruptured IAs were identified from the Aneurysm Database of the Tampere University Hospital. The size of the IA at the time of rupture was measured from computed tomographic angiography or digital subtraction angiography made to diagnose the aneurysm. Data for the clinical risk factors for rupture were collected from the patient's medical records.

Results
Of the 2545 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) admitted, the size of the ruptured IA could be determined for 76% (1925 of 2545). Fifty‐one percent (984 of 1925) of the studied IAs ruptured at a size <7 mm. Both the mean and the median size of the IA at rupture had a downward trend from 1989 to 1997 (median decrease from 10 mm to 6 mm) but have remained relatively constant since. Forty‐six percent (881 of 1925) of the patients with a ruptured IA were not known to have any lifestyle‐related aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factor. Of the IAs that ruptured small, 35% were located in the anterior communicating artery and 14% in other small intracranial arteries.

Conclusion
Small size should not be used to exclude unruptured IAs from prophylactic treatment. The observation that the size at which IAs rupture has previously decreased, suggesting a change in relative importance of risk factors or characteristics of a contemporary patient population compared with older cohorts.
Organ-Space Surgical Site Infections: Consequences and Prediction Using ACS-NSQIP
Authors: Medline Alexandra , Muralidharan Vignesh Jayaraman , Codner Jesse , Sharma Joe 
Published: April 2022

Background The incidence of organ-space surgical site infections (OSIs) across the US has not decreased to the same extent as superficial and deep surgical site infections (SSIs). This study aimed to highlight the consequences and create a predictive model of OSIs using 2019 NSQIP data. Materials and Methods The primary data source was the ACS NSQIP 2019 Participant Use Targeted File (PUF). Chi-squared and independent t-tests evaluated the association of OSIs and other postoperative complications. Variables of interest for our predictive model included 10 surgery types, 10 relevant preoperative laboratory values, and 26 other variables including demographics and comorbidities. A stepwise logistic regression model fit with OSIs as the outcome was used to calculate the predicted ROC and c-index. Results A total of 1,076,441 cases submitted from 719 NSQIP-participating sites were included in our analysis, comprised of 16,751 (1.6%) OSIs with a median of 10 days (IQR: 11 days) between surgery and the development of an OSI. Forty-two variables were included in our final multivariable analysis. Esophageal and pancreatic surgeries yielded an approximate 4- and 6-fold higher increase in the odds of OSI, respectively ( P < .001). ROC analysis yielded a c-index statistic of 0.846 ( Figure 1 ). Associated consequences of OSIs included hospital readmission (OR = 20.74, 95% CI: 20.094-21.412, p < .001), sepsis (OR = 35.084; 95%CI: 33.75-36.47, p < .001) and higher probabilities of mortality (34% vs. 0.8%, p < .001) and morbidity (16% vs. 5.8%, p < .001). Discussion OSIs have extensive consequences and may be predictable. These types of infections are multifactorial and require quality surveillance distinct from other SSIs.
Experiences and wellbeing of Samaritans crisis line volunteers in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Cooney Aoife , McCashin Darragh 
Published: April 2022

Background: The literature demonstrates that working in a crisis line volunteer role, despite being rewarding, poses a risk of adverse effects on health and additional pressure exists with the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, there is limited research on the experiences of such volunteers. Aims: This study aimed to explore the experiences of Samaritans volunteers in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby contributing to the overall knowledge of crisis line volunteering, and gaining an understanding of how this role is impacted by the pandemic. Method: A qualitative approach was taken, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with volunteers from Samaritans branches in Ireland (n = 13). Data were then analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Four overarching themes were identified: (1) responding to calls in the context of COVID-19, with sub-themes being change in the nature of calls, reliance on existing approach in handling calls and varying emotional responses to calls, (2) sense of loss, with sub-themes being loss of older and vulnerable volunteers, reduced social connectedness and restricted aspects of the service, (3) positive experiences, with sub-themes being supportive culture, new personal skills and perspectives and volunteering as an escape from lockdown and (4) adaptation challenges, with sub-themes being logistical changes and concern for sustainability of the service. Conclusions: Findings highlight important insights into the experiences of Samaritans volunteers in Ireland, revealing that the pandemic brought about challenges, but also gave rise to some positive experiences. Implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the existing literature and recommendations made.
The Effect of EDS-FLU on Objective and Patient-Reported Subjective Outcomes for Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps
Authors: Ow Randall A , McGinnis John P , Sacks Harry J , Mehle Mark E 
Published: April 2022

Background Exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS-FLU) delivers medication high and deep in the nasal passages and has been shown to reduce nasal polyp (NP) grade, an objective measure of efficacy, and to yield clinically meaningful improvements on subjective measures of symptoms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Objectives To better characterize EDS-FLU treatment, we analyzed responder rates for four outcome measures used in the EDS-FLU pivotal trials, in the overall study population as well as in subgroups of patients with or without prior sinus surgery or prior use of a standard intranasal corticosteroid spray (INS). Methods Data were pooled from two randomized, 24-week (16-week, double-blind + 8-week, open-label), placebo-controlled studies (NAVIGATE I and II). Results for patients receiving EDS-FLU (186 µg [n = 161] or 372 µg [n = 160]) or EDS-placebo (n = 161) twice daily during the double-blind phase are described. Responder criteria included NP grade reduction (≥1-point), 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) reduction (>12-points), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) (much/very much improved), and congestion score improvement (>0.5-points). Results More patients in the EDS-FLU group responded to each of the four responder criteria compared with EDS-placebo. More patients receiving EDS-FLU responded to ≥ 1 criterion compared with EDS-placebo at week 4 (82.7% and 60.4%, respectively) and week 16 (95.7% and 80.3%, respectively). Patients responded similarly irrespective of prior sinus surgery or prior INS use. Patient-reported outcome measures showed earlier responses than NP scores. Conclusions Meaningful improvements were seen across multiple response criteria with EDS-FLU, suggesting that the broad treatment effect of EDS-FLU includes objective reduction in polyp grade and improvements in several patient-reported outcomes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NAVIGATE I: NCT01622569 and NAVIGATE II: NCT01624662)
Base of Tongue Surgery and Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Williamson Adrian , McArdle Erica H. , Morrow Vincent R. , Zalzal Habib G. , Carr Michele M. , Coutras Steven W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveDrug‐induced sleep endoscopy–directed lingual tonsillectomy and midline posterior glossectomy have been employed for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate outcomes in children undergoing lingual tonsillectomy, midline posterior glossectomy, or combined base of tongue reduction procedures for obstructive sleep apnea.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care academic medical center.MethodsA case series was performed with chart review of pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea who underwent base of tongue surgery as directed by drug‐induced sleep endoscopy. Pre‐ and postoperative obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index (oAHI) was compared. Age, sex, body mass index z score, and medical history were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 168 children were included, with a mean ± SD age of 8.3 ± 3.6 years. Of these patients, 101 underwent lingual tonsillectomy alone; 25, midline posterior glossectomy alone; and 42, both. Their mean oAHI improvement was 3.52 ± 8.39, 2.55 ± 5.59, and 3.70 ± 6.07, respectively. Each surgical group experienced significant improvement in sleep apnea when pre‐ and postoperative oAHI was compared (P < .01). Overall surgical success, as defined by oAHI <1 (or <5 without clinical symptoms), was 75% (126 patients).ConclusionWhen guided by drug‐induced sleep endoscopy, pediatric tongue base surgery can significantly improve oAHI and thus demonstrates promising success in treating pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
Cholesteatoma in Congenital Aural Atresia and External Auditory Canal Stenosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Chan Ching Yee , Karmali Sarah Amirali , Arulanandam Brandon , Nguyen Lily H.P. , Duval Melanie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with congenital external auditory canal (EAC) abnormalities are at risk of developing cholesteatoma and often undergo surveillance imaging to detect it. The aims of this systematic review are to determine the incidence of cholesteatoma in patients with congenital aural atresia (CAA) and patients with congenital EAC stenosis and to investigate the most common age of cholesteatoma diagnosis. This information will help clinicians decide which patients require surveillance scanning, as well as the timing of imaging.Data SourcesOvid MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases.Review MethodsA systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed. The data sources were searched by 2 independent reviewers, and articles were included that reported on CAA or congenital EAC stenosis with a confirmed diagnosis of cholesteatoma. The selected articles were screened separately by 3 reviewers before reaching a consensus on the final articles to include. Data collection on the number of patients with cholesteatoma and the age of diagnosis was performed for these articles.ResultsEight articles met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of cholesteatoma was 1.7% (4/238) in CAA and 43.0% (203/473) in congenital EAC stenosis. The majority of patients with congenital EAC stenosis that developed cholesteatoma were diagnosed at age <12 years.ConclusionCAA is associated with a low risk of cholesteatoma formation, and surveillance imaging is unnecessary in asymptomatic patients. EAC stenosis is strongly associated with cholesteatoma, and a surveillance scan for these patients is recommended prior to 12 years of age with close follow‐up into adulthood.
To BDZ or not to BDZ? That is the question! Is there reliable scientific evidence for or against using benzodiazepines in the aftermath of potentially traumatic events for the prevention of PTSD? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Campos Bruna , Vinder Vitor , Passos Roberta Benitez Freitas , Coutinho Evandro Silva Freire , Vieira Norma Cavalcanti Pontilhão , Leal Katherine Branco , Mendlowicz Mauro Vitor , Figueira Ivan , Luz Mariana Pires , Marques-Portela Carla , Vilete Liliane Maria Pereira , Berger William 
Published: April 2022

Background: Most international guidelines suggest that benzodiazepines (BDZs) may be inefficient or iatrogenic in the aftermath of a potentially traumatic event (PTE). The goal of this study was to assess the strength of the evidence on whether the use of BDZs in the aftermath of a PTE negatively affects the incidence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: We systematically scrutinized the ISI Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and PTSDpubs electronic databases in addition to citation searching. We included original studies providing data about the development of PTSD in adults after BDZ administration in the aftermath of a PTE. We screened 387 abstracts and selected eight studies for the qualitative synthesis and seven for the meta-analysis. We performed two separate meta-analyses, one for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and the other for cohort studies. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated with Higgins I² statistic and tested using the χ². This study was registered at PROSPERO (number 127170). Results: The meta-analysis of the cohort studies showed an increased risk of PTSD in patients who received BDZs compared to those who did not (risk ratio (RR) = 1.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–2.23) with a modest heterogeneity among studies ( I2 = 41.8, p = 0.143). Regarding the RCTs, the combined measure revealed a tendency toward an increased severity of the PTSD symptoms (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.24; 95% CI: 0.32–0.79). Conclusion: The studies reviewed showed a possible harmful effect of BDZs when used immediately after a PTE. However, these conclusions were based on a small number of studies of poor to moderate methodological quality.
Magnetic resonance imaging as a first-choice imaging modality in carpal tunnel syndrome: new evidence
Authors: Vo Nhu Quynh , Nguyen Duy Duan , Hoang Ngoc Thanh , Ngo Dac Hong An , Nguyen Thi Hieu Dung , Trong Binh Le , Le Nghi Thanh Nhan , Thanh Thao Nguyen 
Published: April 2022

Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common type of peripheral nerve compression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming more popular in practice in the evaluation of CTS. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of MRI in CTS. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study of 39 wrists was conducted. Clinical and nerve conduction study findings were evaluated and graded according to the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) and the American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine. MRI was performed using a 1.5-T scanner. MRI parameters included cross-sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve and the ratio change in CSA at four levels: distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ-CSA); pisiform (p-CSA); middle of the carpal tunnel (i-CSA); and hook of hamate. The ratio change in CSA was expressed as p-CSA/DRUJ-CSA and ΔCSA (difference between iCSA and DRUJ-CSA), the flattening ratio of the median nerve, the thickness of the flexor retinaculum, flexor retinaculum bowing ratio, signal intensity ratio of the median, nerve and hypothenar muscle signal intensity. Results With a cutoff point of 10.9 mm2 of the p-CSA, MRI had a sensitivity and specificity of 97.4% and 80% for diagnosis of CTS, respectively. There was a significant association between the clinical and electrophysiological stage with MRI findings ( P < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the BCTQ score and MRI parameters (0.5 < r < 0.7, P < 0.01). Conclusion MRI has good diagnostic value in evaluating CTS. We recommend using p-CSA ≥10.9 mm2 and ΔCSA ≥2.3 mm2 as MRI diagnostic criteria of CTS.