bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term quality of integrated community case management care for children in Bugoye Subcounty, Uganda: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Miller James S , Mulogo Edgar Mugema , Wesuta Andrew Christopher , Mumbere Nobert , Mbaju Jackson , Matte Michael , Ntaro Moses , Guiles Daniel A , Patel Palka R , Bwambale Shem , Kenney Jessica , Reyes Raquel , Stone Geren S 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveIntegrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illness in Uganda involves protocol-based care of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea for children under 5 years old. This study assessed volunteer village health workers’ (VHW) ability to provide correct iCCM care according to the national protocol and change in their performance over time since initial training.SettingVHWs affiliated with the Ugandan national programme provide community-based care in eight villages in Bugoye Subcounty, a rural area in Kasese District. The first cohort of VHWs began providing iCCM care in March 2013, the second cohort in July 2016.ParticipantsAll children receiving iCCM care in 18 430 clinical encounters occurring between April 2014 and December 2018.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe descriptive primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients receiving overall correct care, defined as adherence to the iCCM protocol for the presenting condition (hereafter quality of care). The analytic primary outcome was change in the odds of receiving correct care over time, assessed using logistic regression models with generalised estimating equations. Secondary outcome measures included a set of binary measures of adherence to specific elements of the iCCM protocol. Preplanned and final measures were the same.ResultsOverall, VHWs provided correct care in 74% of clinical encounters. For the first cohort of VHWs, regression modelling demonstrated a modest increase in quality of care until approximately 3 years after their initial iCCM training (OR 1.022 per month elapsed, 95% CI 1.005 to 1.038), followed by a modest decrease thereafter (OR 0.978 per month, 95% CI 0.970 to 0.986). For the second cohort, quality of care was essentially constant over time (OR 1.007 per month, 95% CI 0.989 to 1.025).ConclusionQuality of care was relatively constant over time, though the trend towards decreasing quality of care after 3 years of providing iCCM care requires further monitoring.
Treatment outcomes of blastocysts thaw cycles, comparing the presence and absence of a corpus luteum: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gan Joscelyn , Rozen Genia , Polyakov Alex 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to review the literature and perform a meta-analysis to determine if the presence of a corpus luteum has an impact on treatment outcomes in thaw cycles, where blastocyst embryos are transferred.MethodPUBMED, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINAHL were searched for papers published between January 2017 and 27 July 2020. Additional articles were selected from the reference list of the results and previous reviews. Three reviewers independently reviewed and extracted data. The meta-analysis was conducted though RevMan V.5.4.1. Studies were quality assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsNine publications were included for data extraction and subsequent meta-analysis. Two studies were randomised controlled trials, and seven were cohort studies. Subgroup analysis of the different study designs was performed. While the rates of positive human chorionic gonadotropin results (relative risk, RR 1.0, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.05) and clinical pregnancies (RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.18) were comparable between the two groups, the rates of live births were higher in thaw cycles with a corpus luteum (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.22). Analysis of pregnancy losses demonstrated that both biochemical pregnancy (early miscarriage) (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.82) and miscarriages (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.83) were increased in cycles without a corpus luteum.ConclusionWhere clinically appropriate, the use of cycle types that have a functional corpus luteum should be favoured. There were several limitations to this study, including the quality of studies and the inherent bias of retrospective cohort studies. Further, high-quality research, particularly randomised controlled trials with blastocysts embryos, is required to further explore these findings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020209583.
Does scoring patient complexity using COMPRI predict the length of hospital stay? A multicentre case–control study in Japan
Authors: Yokokawa Daiki , Shikino Kiyoshi , Kishi Yasuhiro , Ban Toshiaki , Miyahara Shigeyoshi , Ohira Yoshiyuki , Yanagita Yasutaka , Yamauchi Yosuke , Hayashi Yasushi , Ishizuka Kosuke , Hirose Yuta , Tsukamoto Tomoko , Noda Kazutaka , Uehara Takanori , Ikusaka Masatomi 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo clarify the factors associated with prolonged hospital stays, focusing on the COMplexity PRediction Instrument (COMPRI) score’s accuracy in predicting the length of stay of newly hospitalised patients in general internal medicine wards.DesignA case–control study.SettingThree general internal medicine wards in Chiba Prefecture, Japan.ParticipantsThirty-four newly hospitalised patients were recruited between November 2017 and December 2019, with a final analytic sample of 33 patients. We included hospitals in different cities with general medicine outpatient and ward facilities, who agreed to participate. We excluded any patients who were re-hospitalised within 2 weeks of a prior discharge.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatients’ COMPRI scores and their consequent lengths of hospital stay.ResultsThe 17 patients (52%) allocated to the long-term hospitalisation group (those hospitalised ≥14 days) had a significantly higher average age, COMPRI score and percentage of participants with comorbid chronic illnesses than the short-term hospitalisation group (<14 days). A logistic regression model (model A, comprising only the COMPRI score as the explanatory variable) and a multiple logistic regression model (model B, comprising variables other than the COMPRI score as explanatory variables) were created as prediction models for the long-term hospitalisation group. When age ≥75 years, a COMPRI score ≥6 and a physician with 10 years’ experience were set as explanatory variables, model A showed better predictive accuracy compared with model B (fivefold cross-validation, area under curve of 0.87 vs 0.78). The OR of a patient with a COMPRI score of ≥6 joining the long-term hospitalisation group was 4.25 (95% CI=1.43 to 12.63).ConclusionsClinicians can use the COMPRI score when screening for complexity assessment to identify hospitalised patients at high risk of prolonged hospitalisation. Providing such patients with multifaceted and intensive care may shorten hospital stays.
Ventilatory weaning strategies for predicting extubation success in children following cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Garcia Amanda Alves Assis , Vieira Alexia Gabriela da Silva , Kuramoto Danielle Akemi Bergara , Leite Ilana Gomes , Freitas Thais Rodrigues de , Reicher Marcello Erich , Trevisani Virginia Fernandes Moca , Guedes Neto Henrique Jorge , Flumignan Ronald Luiz Gomes , Amorim Jorge Eduardo de , Nakano Luis Carlos Uta 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionCongenital heart disease (CHD) comprises the anatomic malformations that jeopardise the structure and function of the heart. It can be extremely complex and serious, corresponding to 30% of all deaths in the first month of life. The surgical approach for adequate treatment requires postoperative mechanical ventilation. The most critical decision related to the postoperative management of patients submitted to cardiac surgery is the right time for extubation, especially because not only abrupt or inadequate discontinuation of ventilatory support can lead to clinical decline and necessity of reintubation but also extended time of mechanical ventilation, which can lead to complications, such as pneumonia, atelectasis, diaphragm hypertrophy, and increasing morbidity and mortality.Methods and analysisThis systematic review plans to include individual parallel, cross-over and cluster randomised controlled trials regarding any breathing trial test to predict extubation success in children submitted to cardiac surgery due to CHD. Studies with paediatric patients submitted to cardiac surgery for congenital cardiopathy repair, attended at a critical care unit, and under mechanical ventilatory support will be included. The main outcomes analysed will be success of extubation, reduction of pulmonary complications and time reduction of mechanical ventilation.Ethics and disseminationWe will not treat patients directly; therefore, ethics committee approval was not necessary because it is not a primary study. We expect that this study may improve healthcare and medical assistance, helping healthcare professionals with routine daily decisions regarding the correct time for extubation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021223999.
Identifying and addressing conflicting results across multiple discordant systematic reviews on the same question: protocol for a replication study of the Jadad algorithm
Authors: Lunny Carole , Thirugnanasampanthar Sai Surabi , Kanji Salmaan , Ferri Nicola , Thabet Pierre , Pieper Dawid , Tasnim Sara , Nelson Harrison , Reid Emma , Zhang Jia He (Janet) , Kalkat Banveer , Chi Yuan , Thompson Jacqueline , Abdoulrezzak Reema , Zheng Di Wen (Wendy) , Pangka Lindy , Wang Dian (Xin Ran) , Safavi Parisa , Sooch Anmol , Kang Kevin , Whitelaw Sera , Tricco Andrea C 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionAn increasing growth of systematic reviews (SRs) presents notable challenges for decision-makers seeking to answer clinical questions. In 1997, an algorithm was created by Jadad to assess discordance in results across SRs on the same question. Our study aims to (1) replicate assessments done in a sample of studies using the Jadad algorithm to determine if the same SR would have been chosen, (2) evaluate the Jadad algorithm in terms of utility, efficiency and comprehensiveness, and (3) describe how authors address discordance in results across multiple SRs.Methods and analysisWe will use a database of 1218 overviews (2000–2020) created from a bibliometric study as the basis of our search for studies assessing discordance (called discordant reviews). This bibliometric study searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Epistemonikos and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for overviews. We will include any study using Jadad (1997) or another method to assess discordance. The first 30 studies screened at the full-text stage by two independent reviewers will be included. We will replicate the authors’ Jadad assessments. We will compare our outcomes qualitatively and evaluate the differences between our Jadad assessment of discordance and the authors’ assessment.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval was required as no human subjects were involved. In addition to publishing in an open-access journal, we will disseminate evidence summaries through formal and informal conferences, academic websites, and across social media platforms. This is the first study to comprehensively evaluate and replicate Jadad algorithm assessments of discordance across multiple SRs.
Association of plasma apolipoproteins and levels of inflammation-related factors with different stages of Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Ting , Wang Xiaoni , Yao Yunxia , Zhao Chunsong , Yang Caixia , Han Ying , Cai Yanning 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveBlood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are a ‘Holy Grail’ of AD research. Growing evidence shows that levels of apolipoproteins and various inflammation-related factors are altered in the peripheral blood of patients with AD. The purpose of this study was to clear and definite whether these biomarkers are differentially expressed at the early stages of AD, and could be a biomarker as an early diagnosis of the disease.DesignObservation study.SettingThis study was a part of the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline, an ongoing prospective cohort study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:NCT03370744) that centres on Xuanwu Hospital (Beijing, China) in cooperation with an alliance of 94 hospitals from 50 cities across China.ParticipantsIn the present study, 416 right-handed Chinese Han subjects were recruited through standardised public advertisements from 2014 to 2019.Outcome measuresConcentrations of plasma apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein CIII (ApoCIII), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), A-2-macroglobulin (A2M), complement C3 (C3) and complement factor H (FH) were determined using a commercial multiplex Luminex-based panel in normal controls (NC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment and AD groups.ResultsFor individual analysis, pairwise comparisons showed that: (1) For SCD versus NC, no biomarker showed significant difference; (2) For amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) versus NC, levels of ApoCIII, ApoE, A2M, C3 and FH increased significantly; and (3) For AD versus NC, amounts of C3 increased. For models differentiating clinical groups, discriminant analysis was performed by including all protein markers, age, sex, genotype and education level in the model. This approach could distinguish between patients with aMCI (area under the curve (AUC): 0.743) and AD (AUC: 0.837) from NC.ConclusionOur results suggest that concentrations of certain apolipoproteins and inflammation-related factors are altered at the early stage of AD, and could be useful biomarkers for early diagnosis.Trial registration numberNCT03370744.
The Capacity Note: a communication facilitator in the sick leave process of patients with common mental disorders – a qualitative study of user perceptions
Authors: Nordling Paula , Jakobsson Annika , Hensing Gunnel 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo describe the development of a communication facilitator, the Capacity Note, for the sick leave process of patients with common mental disorders (CMDs) in primary care, and to explore users’ perceptions of it.DesignQualitive study.SettingPrimary healthcare in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.Participants and methodsThe Capacity Note was developed inductively based on data from six qualitative studies of work capacity and CMD and was introduced at primary healthcare centres during 2018–2019. Individual semistructured interviews were performed with 13 informants (8 patients, 2 general practitioners and 3 managers) who had used the Capacity Note at least once. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed verbatim and inductive manifest qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data.ResultsThe Capacity Note comprised questions about work situation, work capacity limitations and possible work adjustments. Based on the interviews, four categories relating to its role as a facilitator for communication about work and health were identified: content and format, understanding, legitimacy and action, openness and timing, and time and efficiency. The participants considered the Capacity Note relevant and easy to use, and as having the potential to improve communication about and understanding of the patient’s situation. The increased understanding was perceived as contributing to a sense of legitimacy and agency. Achieving these benefits required, according to the participants, openness, an investment of time and using the Capacity Note at the right time in the sick leave process.ConclusionThe Capacity Note was found to be relevant and as having, under the right conditions, the potential to improve communication and facilitate the sick leave process.
Gender differences in bodyweight change following COVID-19 lockdown measures in the Netherlands: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: van den Broek Thijs , Fleischmann Maria 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe current study aimed to prospectively assess bodyweight change following the implementation of lockdown measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands and to explore the potentially moderating role of gender in this association.DesignUsing Dutch DNB Household Survey panel data collected between 1993 and 2020, we estimated fixed-effects regression models of bodyweight change. Models were stratified by gender and formal tests of gender differences in coefficient estimates were performed.Participants4365 women and 4583 men aged 18–65 were included in the study. The total number of observations was 41 330.Outcome measuresThe outcome of interest was self-reported bodyweight in kilograms. Additional analyses were performed using body mass index (self-reported weight in kilograms divided by self-reported height in metres squared) as the outcome.ResultsThe implementation of Dutch lockdown measures in 2020 was associated with bodyweight gain of approximately 800 g in working-age women compared with the 3 prior years. Bodyweight gain in 2020 relative to the prior years was significantly stronger for women than for men (F(4, 8947)=3.9, p<0.01). No evidence of bodyweight gain in working-age men was found.ConclusionResults indicate that bodyweight gain following COVID-19 lockdown measures in the Netherlands was more pronounced among women than among men. Although necessary to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown measures may contribute to a different public health challenge in the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity.
Protocol for a scoping review on transition-related surgery procedures, outcome measures and access to care
Authors: Sivagurunathan Marudan , Du Mont Janice , Armstrong Kathleen , Englesakis Marina , Krakowsky Yonah , Lorello Gianni R , Potter Emery , Smith Amelia , Urbach David R 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionTransgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals often identify with a gender different to the one assigned at birth. Transition is a term used to describe the process TGD individuals take to live as their true gender. Surgery can be a very important aspect of care for members of TGD communities. Transition-related surgery (TRS) refers to many different types of surgeries completed to meet a TGD individual’s gender-related goals. While various systematic reviews have attempted to synthesise the existing peer-reviewed literature around aspects of TRS, there are few scoping reviews in this area. Our scoping review aims to address this gap through providing an up-to-date overview of the TRS literature in order to provide an overarching view of the topic.Method and analysisThis review will follow the methods outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. A search of nine scientific databases resulted in 20 062 potential articles. After removing duplicates, articles will be screened for inclusion using Covidence. Data extraction and synthesis will be carried out using NVivo and reviewed by team members.Ethics and disseminationAs this study is a scoping review of the existing literature, no ethics review is required. The findings from this review will be disseminated through multiple pathways including open access publication, submission to conferences, social media and Listservs. The findings of the study will also be readily available to clinicians, organizations, interest groups, and policy-makers.
Workplace-based occupational therapy for mental health in Africa: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Hoosain Munira , Plastow Nicola Ann 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionAlthough mental health at work is a pressing and growing concern, mental healthcare accounts for less than 2% of global healthcare, with marked inequality across continents. Africa has the smallest proportion of mental health service providers, and the highest rate of out-of-pocket expenditure for mental health service users. Poor mental health at work results in costs to workers, employers and the economy. This review aims to collaborate with stakeholders to identify literature on workplace-based occupational therapy interventions supporting the mental health of workers in Africa.Methods and analysisWe will search Medline (PubMed), EBSCOhost (Academic Search Premier, AfricaWide Information, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic), Scopus, Web of Science, Sabinet, Cochrane and OTSeeker for qualitative and quantitative primary research studies. Grey literature will be searched via Sabinet and ProQuest. No language or date restrictions will be applied. Title and abstract screening as well as full-text screening will be done independently by two reviewers. Data extracted will include information about the articles, characteristics of studies and interventions, and findings. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines will be used for reporting results. Three groups of stakeholders will be consulted during the review process: service users/workers, employers and service providers/occupational therapists.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review does not require ethics approval. Findings of the review will be disseminated through stakeholder engagements, peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
The role of leadership in times of systems disruption: a qualitative study of health and social care integration
Authors: Curry Leslie , Ayedun Adeola , Cherlin Emily , Taylor Beck , Castle-Clarke Sophie , Linnander Erika 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo understand whether and how effective integration of health and social care might occur in the context of major system disruption (the COVID-19 pandemic), with a focus on how the initiative may overcome past barriers to integration.DesignRapid, descriptive case study approach with deviant case sampling to gather and analyse key informant interviews and relevant archival documents.SettingThe innovation (‘COVID-19 Protect’) took place in Norfolk and Waveney, UK, and aimed to foster integration across highly diverse organisations, capitalising on existing digital technology to proactively identify and support individuals most at risk of severe illness from COVID-19.ParticipantsTwenty-six key informants directly involved with project conceptualisation and early implementation. Participants included clinicians, executives, digital/information technology leads, and others. Final sample size was determined by theoretical saturation.ResultsFour primary recurrent themes characterised the experiences of diverse team members in the project: (1) ways of working that supported rapid collaboration, (2) leveraging diversity and clinician input for systems change, (3) allowing for both central control and local adaptation and (4) balancing risk taking and accountability.ConclusionsThis rapid case study underscores the role of leadership in large systems change efforts, particularly in times of major disruption. Project leadership overcame barriers to integration highlighted by prior studies, including engaging with aversion to clinical/safety risk, fostering distributed leadership and developing shared organisational practices for data sharing and service delivery. These insights offer considerations for future efforts to support strategic integration of health and social care.