bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of basic body awareness therapy on functional outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Vancampfort Davy , Brunner Emanuel , Van Damme Tine , Stubbs Brendon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study examined the efficacy of basis body awareness therapy (BBAT) on functional outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with mental health problems and long‐lasting conditions including musculoskeletal disorders, chronic and psychosomatic pain, and neurological conditions.Material and MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PEDro from inception to April 1st, 2022. A random effects meta‐analysis was performed to explore the efficacy of BBAT versus non‐active and active control conditions.ResultsEight RCTs (n BBAT = 307, n controls = 428) were included. There was no evidence for reductions in anxiety (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −3.30 to 0.46, p = 0.14), depression (SMD = −0.82, 95% CI = −1.85 to 0.21, p = 0.12), and no improvements in global assessment of functioning for functioning (GAF‐F) (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI = −0.03 to 1.19, p = 0.06) or for symptoms (GAF‐S) (SMD = 0.76, 95% CI = −0.44 to 1.96, p = 0.21) in BBAT versus non‐active control conditions. BBAT reduced anxiety significantly more than active interventions (SMD = −0.84, 95% CI = −1.17 to −0.51, p < 0.001). No significant differences between BBAT and active control conditions were found for reduction in depression (SMD = −1.16, 95% CI = −2.74 to 0.41, p = 0.15) or in self‐reported pain (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI = −0.25 to 0.40, p = 0.65). Active control conditions were superior in improving QoL (SMD = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.49 to 1.17, p < 0.001), GAF‐F (SMD = 1.58, 95% CI = 0.29 to 2.86, p = 0.016) and GAF‐S (SMD = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.85 to 1.53, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPhysiotherapists should be cautious in adopting BBAT, noting there is no high‐quality evidence to support its' use to improve functionality and QoL in patients with mental health problems and/or long‐lasting conditions.
Decomposition, Condensation Defects, and Fusion
Authors: Lin Ling , Robbins Daniel G. , Sharpe Eric 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we outline the application of decomposition to condensation defects and their fusion rules. Briefly, a condensation defect is obtained by gauging a higher‐form symmetry along a submanifold, and so there is a natural interplay with notions of decomposition, the statement that d‐dimensional quantum field theories with global ‐form symmetries are equivalent to disjoint unions of other quantum field theories. We will also construct new (sometimes non‐invertible) defects, and compute their fusion products, again utilizing decomposition. An important role will be played in all these analyses by theta angles for gauged higher‐form symmetries, which can be used to select individual universes in a decomposition.
Conversion of fungicide cyprodinil to salts with organic acids: preparation, characterization, advantages
Authors: Wang Qiuxiao , Wang Tao , Zhou Yifei , Gao Haixiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs an effective strategy to improve the basic properties of drugs, salt formation was less used in the field of pesticides than the medicine field. It is worth trying to improve the inherent shortcomings of cyprodinil (high Kow values; polymorphism) in this way to enhance its practicality.RESULTSEight cyprodinil salts (CYP‐Salts) were prepared. The properties of CYP‐Salts, including solubility in various solvents, polymorphic behavior, soil absorption, photolysis in aquatic water, in vitro fungicidal activity and curative activity, were assessed. It was observed that compared with those of cyprodinil, CYP‐Salts had lower soil adsorption, while also having lower log Kow values and could be more easily photodegraded in water. That is, CYP‐Salts have lower impacts on water bodies and aquatic organisms than cyprodinil. Three CYP‐Salts showed higher in vitro antifungal activities and curative activity. CYP‐Salts have enhanced practicality, as they could avoid possible agglomeration caused by recrystallization.CONCLUSIONSalt forming enhanced the properties of Cyprodinil in many aspects. CYP‐Salts may potentially become a better substitute for cyprodinil. This study offers a more economical and effective strategy to prepare better alternatives to existing fungicides. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Green Synthesis of 2‐Nitropropane via Ammoximation‐Oxidation over Organic Base Modified TS‐1 Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Chu Qingyan , Sun Yuan , Wang Hao , Lu Deming , Liu Yuying , Xiao Haibin , Wang Ping , Cui Hongyou , Wang Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractModified TS‐1 catalysts for the acetone ammoximation‐oxidation reaction were prepared by post‐treating TS‐1 with different concentrations of TPAOH/TIPA, and the effects of alkali treatment on the catalytic performance were systematically investigated. The techniques such as XRD, SEM, TEM and N2 sorption were used to characterize the catalyst samples, which exhibited that the introduction of alkali increased the volume and quantity of mesopores, while there was no obvious influence on the framework structure and titanium content in the framework. And the improvement in catalyst performance after alkali treatment was attributed to the increase of mesopores and the decrease in diffusion limitation. In addition, three common ammoximation catalysts (Ti‐MOR, Ti‐ MWW and TS‐1) were systematically investigated in this reaction. Ti‐MOR showed superiority in the ammoximation to oxime, while TS‐1 displayed the best catalytic performance in the ammoximation oxidation of ketones to nitroalkanes. It was indicated that modified TS‐1 could be a promising catalyst for the ammoximation‐oxidation reaction of acetone.
Insights into enhanced electrochemiluminescence of a multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule
Authors: Yang Liuqing , Dong Lihui , Hall David , Hesari Mahdi , Olivier Yoann , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Ding Zhifeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behavior of a multiresonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule has been investigated for the first time by means of ECL‐voltage curves, newly designed ECL‐time observatory, and ECL spectroscopy. The compound, Mes3DiKTa, shows complex ECL behavior, including a delayed onset time of 5 ms for ECL generation in both the annihilation pathway and the coreactant route, which we attribute to organic long‐persistent ECL (OLECL). Triplet‐triplet annihilation, thermally activated delayed fluorescence and uncompensated solution resistance cannot be ruled out as contributing mechanisms to the ECL. A very long ECL emission decay was attributed to OLECL as well. The absolute ECL efficiencies of Mes3DiKTa were enhanced and reached 0.0013% in annihilation route and 1.1% for the coreactant system, which are superior to those of most other organic ECL materials. It is plausible that ECL materials with comparable behavior as Mes3DiKTa are desirable in applications such as ECL sensing, imaging, and light‐emitting devices.
Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Capacity of Edible Agar Films Containing Hull‐Less Barley Grass Polysaccharide Extracts
Authors: Gao Shan , Wang Junyi , Zhang Yongze , Liu Nuaner , Zhang Rui , Sui Zhongquan , Hou Hanxue 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHull‐less barley grass polysaccharide extracts (HBP) are prepared, and the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of agar films with different HBP contents (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2% w/w of agar mass) are investigated. Infrared spectroscopy shows that HBP interacts with the agar matrix via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The incorporation of HBP causes rougher surface morphology with increased film thickness (p < 0.05). The films with HBP exhibit decreased brightness with a greenish and yellowish hue. The flexibility of the films is improved gradually as HBP contents increase from 0 to 1.5% w/w (p < 0.05), however, a slight reduction is observed with 2% w/w HBP addition (p > 0.05). The water resistance and surface hydrophobicity of the films are enhanced by adding HBP (p < 0.05). The antioxidant test reveals the strong antioxidant capacity of the HBP‐loaded films, which is positively correlated with the HBP contents (p < 0.05), with 2% w/w HBP leading to 59.28% DPPH radical scavenging and 69.00% ABTS radical scavenging. Results suggest that HBP is a promising functional agent for developing antioxidant biopolymer films, and the agar/HBP edible films prepared in this study have potential in food packaging fields.
The Trajectories of a Life
Authors: Schatzki Theodore R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis essay combines a phenomenological account of life trajectories with a practice theory approach to the social contexts in which life trajectories occur to illuminate key features of the phenomena studied by life course research, including the Doing Transitions approach. The discussion construes life trajectories, not as the events and transitions that make up the progress of life in specific life domains, but as central dimensions of a life qua continually unfolding entity. It subjects three types of trajectories so construed to analysis: space-time paths, successions of actions, and past-future arcs. It then explores the contextualization of such trajectories in constellations of social practices. The essay concludes by situating life and its trajectories in the causal order of society and reflecting on the advantages of using theories of practices in this context.
Welfare States as Transition Regimes: Reconstruction from International Comparisons of Young People’s Transitions to Work
Authors: Walther Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInternational comparison of welfare states offers a way for understanding how welfare states have contributed to the constitution of life course transitions and the different ways in which they are being shaped. The chapter introduces the concept of “transition regimes”, a comparative model developed with regard to school-to-work-transitions. The aim is to question if and to what extent this model can contribute to the objectives of reflexive transition research that extends the research of how individual transitions progress to how they are constantly re-constituted. In detail, this implies relating the analysis of comprehensive constellations with the discursive, institutional and individual practices involved in doing transitions. The chapter starts with an overview of international studies of school-to-work-transitions. This is followed by a review of comparative welfare research and the introduction of the concept of transition regimes, which is then related to the concept of doing transitions. The conclusion explores the contribution of comparative analysis of transition regimes for reflexive transition research.
Vorgehen und Methodik der Analyse rechtlicher Dokumente zur schulischen Personalentwicklung
Authors: Thiel Felicitas , Schewe Claudia Manuela 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel wird das methodische Vorgehen bei der Analyse rechtlicher Dokumente zur Verankerung von Personalentwicklung an Schulen dargestellt. Die relevanten Dokumente betreffen aufgrund der föderalen Zuständigkeit vor allem die Landesgesetzgebung. Weil dieselben Sachverhalte in den Ländern der Bundesrepublik Deutschland auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen der Normhierarchie geregelt werden, wurden neben Schulgesetzen, Lehrkräftebildungsgesetzen und Beamtengesetzen auch Verwaltungsvorschriften und Erlasse in die Analyse einbezogen.Die Analyse erfolgte als qualitative Inhaltsanalyse, die ein theoriegeleitet-deduktives Vorgehen mit einer induktiven Fortschreibung der abgeleiteten Kategorien kombiniert. Auf der Grundlage der Inhaltsanalyse wurde für jeden untersuchten Bereich der Personalentwicklung ein Summenindex gebildet.
High-Resolution Representation Learning and Recurrent Neural Network for Singing Voice Separation
Authors: Bhattarai Bhuwan , Pandeya Yagya Raj , Jie You , Lamichhane Arjun Kumar , Lee Joonwhoan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMusic source separation has traditionally followed the encoder-decoder paradigm (e.g., hourglass, U-Net, DeconvNet, SegNet) to isolate individual music components from mixtures. Such networks, however, result in a loss of location-sensitivity, as low-resolution representation drops the useful harmonic patterns over the temporal dimension. We overcame this problem by performing singing voice separation using a high-resolution representation learning (HRNet) system coupled with a long short-term memory (LSTM) module to retain high-resolution feature map and capture the temporal behavior of the acoustic signal. We called this joint combination of HRNet and LSTM as HR-LSTM. The predicted spectrograms produced by this system are close to ground truth and successfully separate music sources, achieving results superior to those realized by past methods. The proposed network was tested using four datasets (DSD100, MIR-1K, Korean Pansori, and Nepal Idol singing voice). Our experiments confirmed that the proposed HR-LSTM outperforms state-of-the-art networks at singing voice separation when the DSD100 dataset is used, performs comparably to alternative methods when the MIR-1K dataset is used, and separates the voice and accompaniment components well when the Pansori and NISVS datasets are used. In addition to proposing and validating our network, we also developed and shared our Nepal Idol dataset.
Influence of warm isostatic press (WIP) process parameters on mechanical properties of additively manufactured acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) parts
Authors: Park Seong Je , Park Seong Jun , Son Yong , Ahn Il Hyuk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOwing to the deposition mechanism, parts fabricated from the material extrusion (ME) process have intrinsic air gaps that negatively impact their mechanical properties. Thus, the amount of air gaps should be minimized. In this study, a warm isostatic press (WIP) process was adopted to decrease the amount of air gaps, resulting in improved mechanical properties using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). To identify changes in the mechanical properties, tensile tests were performed with specimens heat-treated by the WIP processes with different pressure–temperature profiles. The influence of the temperature and pressure on tensile strength, elongation at break, and toughness was investigated. Water tightness evaluation was conducted to prove the decrease in the air-gap size. Based on the investigation, the WIP process was concluded to be effective for decreasing the intrinsic air gaps and improving the mechanical properties owing to the increase of the bonding force between the lines and layers, which led to the suggestion of a method that optimizes the parameters of the WIP process.
The Physiological Responses of Maize Seedlings with Different Amylose Content to Drought Stress
Authors: Wu Wenhao , Xu Renyuan , Liu Na , Zhang Maoxi , Sun Ying , Dang Yaru , Xue Jiquan , Zhang Xudong , Guo Dongwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the physiological responses of maize with different amylose content at seedlings to drought stress. For waxy maize (WMS) and normal maize (NMS), the decline of photosynthesis under drought stress (DS) was due to the stomatal limitation. DS increased the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), whereas decreased the activities of peroxidase (POD) and the plant height (PH), compared with the plants under normal irrigation. The content of starch increased and decreased significantly upon moderate and severe drought stress, respectively. For high amylose maize (HAMSs), they showed stomatal limitation upon moderate stress, while non-stomatal limitation upon severe stress. The NPQ and POD showed contrary trend compared with WMS and NMS. DS significantly decreased the starch content and PH of them. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed HAMSs were more sensitive to drought than WMS and NMS. The GBSSIIa level of HAMSs was also lower than that of WMS and NMS. Therefore, we conclude that HAMSs respond to DS through redox regulation to avoid oxidative damage, whereas WMS and NMS by increasing starch biosynthesis, and the higher GBSSIIa level may produce more amylose, which could promote the growth of maize under drought effectively.
The effect of lidocaine iontophoresis for the treatment of tinnitus: a systematic review
Authors: Bülow Marcus , Best Norman , Brugger Sebastian , Derlien Steffen , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Lemhöfer Christina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Tinnitus is a common symptom with multiple causes and treatment options. Previous studies have investigated the effect of lidocaine iontophoresis. The aim of this review is to systematically present the effects on tinnitus and to derive possible effects.

Methods
In accordance to the PRISMA statement, the search and analysis were performed. An abstract in German or English and a performed intervention with lidocaine iontophoresis for the treatment of tinnitus, independent of the study design, were considered as inclusion criteria. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, only a narrative synthesis was performed.

Results
The search yielded 179 studies of which 170 were excluded. Six full-texts and three abstracts were included. In total, 957 patients were treated with lidocaine iontophoresis. The percent improvement in symptoms after lidocaine iontophoresis ranged from 4% to 62%. The qualitative assessment of the studies resulted in an overall “weak” rating for all of them.

Conclusions
Due to the heterogeneity and the limited quality of the studies found, no clear statement can be made about the efficacy. The number of those who benefited from therapy varied widely. In addition, it cannot be ruled out that the effect was merely due to electrical stimulation of the cochlea.
Zircon and monazite reveal late Cambrian/early Ordovician partial melting of the Central Seve Nappe Complex, Scandinavian Caledonides
Authors: Barnes Christopher J. , Bukała Michał , Callegari Riccardo , Walczak Katarzyna , Kooijman Ellen , Kielman-Schmitt Melanie , Majka Jarosław 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Seve Nappe Complex (SNC) comprises continental rocks of Baltica that were subducted and exhumed during the Caledonian orogeny prior to collision with Laurentia. The tectonic history of the central SNC is investigated by applying in-situ zircon and monazite (Th-)U–Pb geochronology and trace element analysis to (ultra-)high pressure (UHP) paragneisses in the Avardo and Marsfjället gneisses. Zircons in the Avardo Gneiss exposed at Sippmikk creek exhibit xenocrystic cores with metamorphic rims. Cores show typical igneous REE profiles and were affected by partial Pb-loss. The rims have flat HREE profiles and are interpreted to have crystallized at 482.5 ± 3.7 Ma during biotite-dehydration melting and peritectic garnet growth. Monazites in the paragneiss are chemically homogeneous and record metamorphism at 420.6 ± 2.0 Ma. In the Marsfjället Gneiss exposed near Kittelfjäll, monazites exhibit complex zoning with cores enveloped by mantles and rims. The cores are interpreted to have crystallized at 481.6 ± 2.1 Ma, possibly during garnet resorption. The mantles and rims provide a dispersion of dates and are interpreted to have formed by melt-driven dissolution-reprecipitation of pre-existing monazites until 463.1 ± 1.8 Ma. Depletion of Y, HREE, and U in the mantles and rims compared to the cores record peritectic garnet and zircon growth. Altogether, the Avardo and Marsfjället gneisses show evidence of late Cambrian/early Ordovician partial melting (possibly in (U)HP conditions), Middle Ordovician (U)HP metamorphism, and late Silurian tectonism. These results indicate that the SNC underwent south-to-north oblique subduction in late Cambrian time, followed by progressive north-to-south exhumation to crustal levels prior to late Silurian continental collision.
Mild simulator sickness can alter heart rate variability, mental workload, and learning outcomes in a 360° virtual reality application for medical education: a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hsin Li-Jen , Chao Yi-Ping , Chuang Hai-Hua , Kuo Terry B. J. , Yang Cheryl C. H. , Huang Chung-Guei , Kang Chung-Jan , Lin Wan-Ni , Fang Tuan-Jen , Li Hsueh-Yu , Lee Li-Ang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) applications could be beneficial for education, training, and treatment. However, VR may induce symptoms of simulator sickness (SS) such as difficulty focusing, difficulty concentrating, or dizziness that could impair autonomic nervous system function, affect mental workload, and worsen interventional outcomes. In the original randomized controlled trial, which explored the effectiveness of using a 360° VR video versus a two-dimensional VR video to learn history taking and physical examination skills, only the former group participants had SS. Therefore, 28 undergraduate medical students who participated in a 360° VR learning module were included in this post hoc study using a repeated measures design. Data of the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, Task Load Index, and Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise were retrospectively reviewed and statistically analyzed. Ten (36%) participants had mild SS (total score > 0 and ≤ 20), and 18 (64%) had no SS symptom. Total SSQ score was positively related to the very low frequency (VLF) band power, physical demand subscale, and frustration subscale, and inversely related to physical examination score. Using multilevel modeling, the VLF power mediated the relationship between total SSQ score and physical examination score. Furthermore, frustration subscale moderated the mediating effects of the VLF power. Our results highlight the importance of documenting SS to evaluate a 360° VR training program. Furthermore, the combination of HRV analysis with mental workload measurement and outcome assessments provided the important clinical value in evaluating the effects of SS in VR applications in medical education.