bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The David Noakes article that debunked the misguided belief that absolute numbers of fish can be captured in fresh waters: a lesson for early-career scientists
Authors: Copp Gordon H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents a personal account of the important contribution a publication from David Noakes’ lab (Pot, Noakes, Ferguson and Coker 1984, Quantitative sampling of fishes in a simple system: failure of conventional methods. Hydrobiologia 114:249–254) made to freshwater fish science in general and to the successful public defence of a doctoral thesis in particular. Pot et al. (1984) tested the accuracy of two conventional sampling approaches in their estimation of numbers of fish in a small pond (capture-mark-recapture and total sampling, following rotenone treatment). Their results demonstrated that even in a small and relatively uniform freshwater system (a pond of 0.1 ha), the so-called total sampling approach failed to provide the true number of any species of fish in the pond. The outcome of the study provided the evidence to debunk the assumption that absolute numbers of fishes can be obtained using rotenone treatment. This article therefore allowed me to defend my doctoral dissertation in the face of critical comments from a principal jury member, and firm proponent of ‘absolute sampling’, and it provided fish biologists with justification to focus on the development and application of sampling approaches, such as relative densities, which do not require futile attempts to obtain total fish numbers.
Dietary contributions of the alien zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha in British freshwater fish suggest low biological resistance to their invasion
Authors: Dominguez Almela Victoria , Nolan Emma T. , Winter Emily R. , Britton J. Robert 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNative communities can resist the establishment and invasion of alien species through consumptive and/or competitive interactions. The extent of consumptive resistance from freshwater fish to the invasion of zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha, a globally invasive Ponto-Caspian species, was assessed in two areas in Britain using stable isotope analysis, where mixing models predicted the contribution of putative prey resources (including zebra mussel) to fish diet. Across the sites and species, only roach Rutilus rutilus were predicted to have a diet where zebra mussels contributed highly (predicted contribution: 44%), with literature suggesting that their functional morphology would have facilitated their consumption of this prey item. Predicted contributions of zebra mussels to common bream Abramis brama diet was comparatively low (29%), despite them being present to much larger sizes than roach, and with pike Esox lucius, perch Perca fluviatilis and pikeperch Sander lucioperca also predicted to have low dietary contributions of zebra mussels (0.08%, 24% and 24%, respectively). These results suggest the consumptive resistance to its invasion in Britain has been low and, correspondingly, if there is a management desire to further limit the invasion of zebra mussels then relying on biological resistance to limit their invasion appears to be insufficient.
Glycogen, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and pigment accumulation in three Synechocystis strains when exposed to a stepwise increasing salt stress
Authors: Meixner K. , Daffert C. , Dalnodar D. , Mrázová K. , Hrubanová K. , Krzyzanek V. , Nebesarova J. , Samek O. , Šedrlová Z. , Slaninova E. , Sedláček P. , Obruča S. , Fritz I. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe cyanobacterial genus Synechocystis is of particular interest to science and industry because of its efficient phototrophic metabolism, its accumulation of the polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and its ability to withstand or adapt to adverse growing conditions. One such condition is the increased salinity that can be caused by recycled or brackish water used in cultivation. While overall reduced growth is expected in response to salt stress, other metabolic responses relevant to the efficiency of phototrophic production of biomass or PHB (or both) have been experimentally observed in three Synechocystis strains at stepwise increasing salt concentrations. In response to recent reports on metabolic strategies to increase stress tolerance of heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria, we focused particularly on the stress-induced response of Synechocystis strains in terms of PHB, glycogen and photoactive pigment dynamics. Of the three strains studied, the strain Synechocystis cf. salina CCALA192 proved to be the most tolerant to salt stress. In addition, this strain showed the highest PHB accumulation. All the three strains accumulated more PHB with increasing salinity, to the point where their photosystems were strongly inhibited and they could no longer produce enough energy to synthesize more PHB.
Quantum computations for disambiguation and question answering
Authors: Correia A. D. , Moortgat M. , Stoof H. T. C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAutomatic text processing is now a mature discipline in computer science, and so attempts at advancements using quantum computation have emerged as the new frontier, often under the term of quantum natural language processing. The main challenges consist in finding the most adequate ways of encoding words and their interactions on a quantum computer, considering hardware constraints, as well as building algorithms that take advantage of quantum architectures, so as to show improvement on the performance of natural language tasks. In this paper, we introduce a new framework that starts from a grammar that can be interpreted by means of tensor contraction, to build word representations as quantum states that serve as input to a quantum algorithm. We start by introducing an operator measurement to contract the representations of words, resulting in the representation of larger fragments of text. We then go on to develop pipelines for the tasks of sentence meaning disambiguation and question answering that take advantage of quantum features. For the first task, we show that our contraction scheme deals with syntactically ambiguous phrases storing the various different meanings in quantum superposition, a solution not available on a classical setting. For the second task, we obtain a question representation that contains all possible answers in equal quantum superposition, and we implement Grover’s quantum search algorithm to find the correct answer, agnostic to the specific question, an implementation with the potential of delivering a result with quadratic speedup.
Interest rate shocks, competition and bank liquidity creation
Authors: Kick Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study the effects of interest rate shocks (IRS) on banks’ liquidity creation. A unique supervisory data set from the Deutsche Bundesbank allows identifying banks’ liquidity creation for the real economy and the effects of banking market competition. Here, we employ a novel approach to account for IRS that are both unexpected and effective for a bank’s business model. We find that higher individual pricing power in the market lowers banks’ liquidity creation, which is in line with theory that monopolistic firms undersupply the market when utilizing their high pricing power in the bank competition–liquidity creation nexus. While positive IRS per se lead to an increase in bank liquidity creation, we find that a high bank-individual pricing power curbs this impact on liquidity creation significantly. Moreover, we show that monetary policy was most effective during the global financial crisis and for well-capitalized banks, whereas periods of low interest rates are characterized by the persistent increase in liability-side liquidity creation.
The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Miscommunication in UK Police Interviews and US Police Interrogations
Authors: Filipović Luna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis is the first comparative empirical study of miscommunication in US police interrogations and UK police interviews with suspects. The research was based on an extensive real-life data consisting of 100 transcripts. The main goal was to detect when and why miscommunication occurs in these two policing contexts, whether and how it gets resolved, and what the consequences of miscommunication may be. Miscommunication arises when speech participants draw opposing inferences from the same communicative exchange. Two main sources of miscommunication were identified: a) inferential ambiguity and b) linguistic complexity. The quantitative and qualitative analyses showed that, while the types of miscommunication are shared in the two jurisdictions, their frequencies and functions differ in some respects. Namely, deliberate miscommunication is more likely to be found in the US context while in the UK miscommunication is more likely to occur inadvertently. On the other hand, linguistic complexity gives rise to miscommunication more often in the UK than in US police communication. We discuss the results with respect to the two different approaches to questioning suspects in the two locales and translate our findings into practical applications for the training of law enforcement and language professionals worldwide.
CGRP in Childhood and Adolescence Migraine: (Patho)physiological and Clinical Aspects
Authors: Evers Stefan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To summarise and analyse the current knowledge of CGRP metabolism in childhood and adolescence and its role in childhood and adolescence migraine.

Recent Findings
Influencing CGRP pathways is nowadays one of the main mechanisms to treat migraine. In adults, several clinical trials with different drug classes have supported this finding. However, only very little is known on these mechanisms in children and adolescents with migraine. Based on a literature search, it can be concluded that substantial parts of the CGRP pathways are already developed and working in the preterm fetus of animals. Newborn animals show high CGRP levels and high density of CGRP positive neurons and nerve fibres. In human studies, increased levels of CGRP were observed in childhood and adolescent migraine patients. Remedies based on influencing CGRP metabolism are also working in that age group. For triptans, this has clearly been shown; for gepants, no data are available, and for CGRP ligand/receptor antibodies, positive evidence is only available from case series.

Summary
Only very little is known on CGRP metabolism in childhood and adolescence. However, placebo-controlled clinical trials both on CGRP antagonists and on CGRP ligand/receptor antibodies are under way and will show in some years whether these drug classes are efficacious also in children and adolescents.
Investigation of genome-wide InDel distribution and segregation in Populus with restriction-site associated DNA sequencing data
Authors: Pan Zhiliang , Li Zhiting , Zhang Jinpeng , Bai Shengjun , Zhao Wei , Tong Chunfa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInsertion or deletion polymorphism (InDel) is one of the main genetic variations in plant genomes. However, there are few studies on InDels across the whole genome inPopulus. In this study, we investigated genome-wide InDels inPopulus deltoidesandPopulus simoniiand InDel segregation in their F1hybrid population with restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) data. A total of 119,066 InDels were identified inP. deltoidesandP. simoniiaccording to the reference genome ofPopulus trichocarpa, including 58,532 unique InDels inP. deltoides, 54,469 unique InDels inP. simonii, and 6,065 common InDels in both. Meanwhile, the distribution of these InDels was analyzed along chromosomes, indicating that the distribution patterns for both species were largely similar, but the average InDel density was slightly higher inP. deltoidesthan inP. simonii. GO annotation and enrichment analysis of those genes harboring InDels showed the same patterns between the two poplar species. It is interesting to find that the ratio (~ 46%) of the common InDels within genes to all common InDels was higher than that of the InDels within genes to all InDels inP. deltoides(~ 35%) or inP. simonii(~ 34%), possibly indicating that those InDels are more conservative between poplar species. Moreover, investigation of the InDel segregation patterns demonstrated that a large number of Mendelian InDels could be selected for genetic mapping in the F1hybrid population. RAD-seq provides genome-wide insights into the InDel distributions inP. deltoidesandP. simoniiand the segregation patterns in their progeny, providing valuable genomic variation information for genetic and evolutionary studies inPopulus.
Career Change of Young Talent and the Influence of Knowledge Transfer on Vocational Commitment: a Study of Hospitality Apprentices in Bavaria (Germany)
Authors: Schmidt Laura , García-Almeida Desiderio J. , Chang Celine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCareer change of young talent aggravates human resource shortages in various industries and the analysis of vocational commitment during the educational phase becomes paramount. Knowledge transfer modes and dynamics in the education of young professionals can influence their vocation or “calling” in the sector they are specialising for. With the background of the knowledge-based view, the goal of this study is to identify knowledge transfer-related aspects of education that exert a relevant influence on apprentices’ vocational commitment. The findings of the study of 331 hospitality apprentices in Bavaria, Germany, reveal that both academic sources and firm sources in the apprenticeship-based, also called dual, educational system affect the vocational commitment of apprentices. Specifically, the satisfaction with the training in the educational centre, the existence of organisational mentorship, and a personalised training system in the firm significantly affect vocational commitment after the educational stage. Consequently, educators along with mentors and managers in the partner firms can help enhance their students’ vocational commitment and potentially decrease their likelihood of leaving a sector.
A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Bongcheewin Bhanubong , Ingrouille Martin J. , Paton Alan J. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe genus Gomphostemma Wall. ex Benth. is revised. Thirty-one species are recognised with three new species described: G. flexuosum Bongch. from north-eastern Thailand, southern Laos and central Vietnam, G. longipetalum Bongch. and G. repentum Bongch. from northern Myanmar. Thirty names are lectotypified. A key to species, distribution maps and conservation categories for all species are provided.
The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire—Short Form (CTQ-SF) used with adolescents – methodological report from clinical and community samples
Authors: Hagborg Johan Melander , Kalin Torbjörn , Gerdner Arne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire—Short Form (CTQ-SF) is a widely used retrospective screening tool for childhood maltreatment in adults. Its properties are less known in adolescents. The objective was to investigate acceptability and psychometric properties when used in adolescents.

Method
A community sample of adolescents (n=1885) in four waves (from 13 or 14 to 17 years old) and a clinical sample (n=74, mean age 18), both from Sweden, were used to assess acceptability and different aspects of validity and reliability.

Results
The CTQ-SF was found to be well-accepted. As expected, the community sample scored lower than the clinical sample on all maltreatment-scales and showed stability over-time. In the community sample, internal consistencies were substantial or excellent for all scales except Physical neglect, and in the clinical sample this was found for all scales. One-year test-retest consistencies of subscales were substantial or almost perfect, and for all scales, they increased from early to mid-adolescence. Directed inconsistencies on item level decreased from early to mid-adolescence. Convergent validity was shown in relation to scales on family climate, parental relations, and emotional health also from early adolescence. Discriminant analyses showed more moderate discriminatory ability although almost seven times better than by-chance.

Conclusions
The CTQ is well accepted and can be trusted to provide consistent and valid self-reports from the age of 14 on childhood maltreatment. Some caution is advised when used with younger adolescents, since the test-retest stability is then weaker, and the interpretation of the M/D scale is more ambiguous.
Counseling (ro)bot as a use case for 5G/6G
Authors: Taniguchi Yoshio , Ikegami Yukino , Fujikawa Hiroshi , Pathare Yogesh , Kutics Andrea , Massimo Banzi , Anisetti Marco , Damiani Ernesto , Sakurai Yoshitaka , Tsuruta Setsuo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a counseling (ro)bot called Visual Counseling Agent (VICA) which focuses on remote mental healthcare. It is an agent system leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to aid mentally distressed persons through speech conversation. The system terminals are connected to servers by the Internet exploiting Cloud-nativeness, so that anyone who has any type of terminal can use it from anywhere. Despite a promising voice communication interface, VICA shows limitations in conversation continuity on conventional 4G networks. Concretely, the use of the current 4G networks produces word dropping, delayed response, and the occasional connection failure. The objective of this paper is to mitigate these issues by leveraging a 5G/6G slice inclusive of mobile/multiple edge computing (MEC). First, we propose and partly implement the enhanced and advanced version of VICA. Servers of enhanced versions collaborate to increase speech recognition reliability. Although it significantly increases generated data volume, the advanced version enables a recognition of the facial expressions to greatly enhance counseling quality. Then, we propose a quality assurance mechanism using multiple levels of catalog, as well as 5G/6G slice inclusive of MEC, and conduct experiments to uncover issues related to the 4G. Results indicate that the number of speech recognition errors in Internet Cloud is more than twofold compared to edge computing, implying that quality assurance using 5G/6G in conjunction with VICA Counseling (ro)bot has higher efficiency.
Wie nutzen Unternehmen externe Unterstützungsangebote zu psychischer Gesundheit? Ein Blick auf die Dienstleistungsbranchen ambulante Pflege und IT-Dienste
Authors: Stange Lena , Mümken Sarah , Koppelin Frauke , Gerdau-Heitmann Cornelia 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungEin Großteil der deutschen Erwerbsbevölkerung ist im Dienstleistungssektor beschäftigt. Beschäftigte, deren Tätigkeit durch flexible Interaktionen gekennzeichnet ist, stehen vor besonders fordernden Aufgaben. Gerichtete Interventionen von Seiten der Unternehmen hinsichtlich der psychischen Gesundheit sind vergleichsweise selten zu finden. In einer qualitativen Studie im Projekt FlexiGesA („Flexible Dienstleistungsarbeit gesundheitsförderlich gestalten“) wurden in Nordwestdeutschland zwölf Expert:innen, die im Bereich der ambulanten Pflege und der IT-Dienste agieren sowie Akteur:innen der Sozialleistungserbringung und der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung zur Einschätzung der Situation und zu Änderungsbedarfen interviewt, um herauszufinden, welche Unterstützungsangebote zum Umgang mit psychischer Belastung von Beschäftigten vorhanden sind, und inwiefern darauf zurückgegriffen wird.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass aus Sicht der befragten Akteur:innen, die in diesem Themenfeld tätig sind, noch Defizite vorliegen, zum Teil was die Informationen, aber vor allem, was die Vernetzung der Unterstützungsangebote betrifft.Praktische Relevanz: Die Thematisierung der psychischen Arbeitsgesundheit ist von hoher arbeits- und gesundheitspolitischer Relevanz, dennoch fühlen sich Unternehmen oft nicht in der Lage, angemessen mit dem Thema umzugehen. So gilt es, beteiligte Akteur:innen auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen zu sensibilisieren, um einen handlungsleitenden Diskurs zu erwirken, da es sich bei psychischen Störungen um eine branchen- und geschlechterübergreifende Thematik handelt.
Advancing a cultural change agenda in higher education: issues and values related to reimagining academic leadership
Authors: Whittaker Joseph A. , Montgomery Beronda L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTraditional models of academic leadership are based largely on managerial and transactional approaches. Such efforts frequently support status quo individual success rather than values-based leadership based on collective institutional or sustainability-centered pursuits. Evolved reward systems and leaderships modes that support collective and institution-level effort and innovations prioritizing community and sustainability require new leadership models. Innovative leadership models that transcend traditional gatekeeping are needed and four leadership modes to support innovation and collective efforts are discussed, including shared leadership that draws on distributed contributions of multiple individuals; creative or innovative leadership that requires risk-taking, experimentation, and experiential learning; qualitative leadership that is data-driven and includes evidence-based innovation; and, dynamic leadership based on demonstrated agility and ability to traverse different spaces using diverse modes of doing and thinking. Progressive leaders can move in and out of these modes in response to ecosystem needs, demands, and changes through the use of design thinking and initiatives to support innovation and sustainability in higher education. Success in evolved leadership approaches, including centering sustainability goals that impact institutions themselves and communities in which they exist, require aligning reformed leadership goals and practices with funding models and reward systems, as well as policies and institutional change strategies.
Comparison Between China and Brazil in the Two Waves of COVID-19 Prevention and Control
Authors: Liu Meiheng , Shi Leiyu , Chen Haiqian , Wang Xiaohan , Yang Manfei , Jiao Jun , Yang Junyan , Sun Gang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study analyzes the effectiveness of COVID-19 prevention and control in China and Brazil from the perspectives of policy and meteorological conditions, and provides experience for epidemic prevention and control.

Methods
This study collects data on meteorological conditions, vaccination and mutant strains in the two countries to analyze the reasons for the differences in epidemic status between the two countries and extracts public data on COVID-19 through various official websites, summarizes the prevention and control policies implemented by the two countries, and evaluates their effectiveness.

Results
As of August 12, 2021, the total number of COVID-19 cases and the daily number of new COVID-19 cases in China have been growing steadily, showing remarkable results in epidemic control. The total number of confirmed cases and the daily number of new confirmed cases in Brazil have continued to increase rapidly. The total death case in Brazil has reached 560,000, far exceeding that in China, and the effect of epidemic prevention and control is not satisfactory.

Conclusions
Multiple factors, such as meteorological conditions, policies and strategies, and economic conditions, can influence the spread of COVID-19, and therefore, the situation varies greatly from country to country. China and Brazil have chosen different interventions in the fight against COVID-19. The policy measures taken by China are typical containment measures and Brazil has a mitigation strategy. From the perspective of the current situation of the epidemic development in both countries, the cumulative death rate and daily new confirmed cases in Brazil are much higher than those in China, which indicates that the containment strategy is more effective than mitigation strategy in preventing and controlling COVID-19. Fighting the epidemic is a global long-lasting battle, and the two countries should learn from each other with the premise of respecting their national conditions. Countries should deepen cooperation and not let up prematurely.