bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of S0s in extreme environments III: the role of environment in the formation pathways
Authors: Coccato Lodovico , Fraser-McKelvie Amelia , Jaffé Yara L , Johnston Evelyn J , Cortesi Arianna , Pallero Diego 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
It is well established that there are at least two main channels to form lenticular (or S0) galaxies. The first, which we name ‘faded spiral’ scenario, includes quenching events that led to consumption or removal of gas from a spiral progenitor. The second, which we call ‘merger’ scenario, includes merger-like events and interactions between galaxies. Each scenario leaves characteristic signatures in the newly formed lenticular galaxy. However, the conditions that trigger one mechanism over another are still unknown. This paper is the third of a series aimed at understanding the role of the environment in the formation of lenticular galaxies. In this study, we combine the kinematics, morphology, and properties of the stellar populations of 329 S0s from the SAMI and MaNGA surveys in order to highlight the role of the environment in the process. We divide the S0s into two classes (A and B) according to their global properties, that we can associate to the products of a faded spiral scenario (class A) or a merger scenario (class B). We then study how the various classes are distributed within different environments. Our study reveals that the ‘faded spiral’ pathway is the most efficient channel to produce S0s, and it becomes more efficient as the mass of the group or cluster or local density of galaxies increase. The merger pathway is also a viable channel, and its efficiency becomes higher with decreasing local density or environment mass.
The distribution and morphologies of Fornax Cluster dwarf galaxies suggest they lack dark matter
Authors: Asencio Elena , Banik Indranil , Mieske Steffen , Venhola Aku , Kroupa Pavel , Zhao Hongsheng 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Due to their low surface brightness, dwarf galaxies are particularly susceptible to tidal forces. The expected degree of disturbance depends on the assumed gravity law and whether they have a dominant dark halo. This makes dwarf galaxies useful for testing different gravity models. In this project, we use the Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) dwarf galaxy catalogue to compare the properties of dwarf galaxies in the Fornax Cluster with those predicted by the Lambda cold dark matter (ΛCDM) standard model of cosmology and Milgromian dynamics (MOND). We construct a test particle simulation of the Fornax system. We then use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to fit this to the FDS distribution of tidal susceptibility η (half-mass radius divided by theoretical tidal radius), the fraction of dwarfs that visually appear disturbed as a function of η, and the distribution of projected separation from the cluster centre. This allows us to constrain the η value at which dwarfs should get destroyed by tides. Accounting for an r′-band surface brightness limit of 27.8 magnitudes per square arcsec, the required stability threshold is $\eta _{\textrm {destr}} = 0.25^{+0.07}_{-0.03}$ in ΛCDM and $1.88^{+0.85}_{-0.53}$ in MOND. The ΛCDM value is in tension with previous N-body dwarf galaxy simulations, which indicate that ηdestr ≈ 1. Our MOND N-body simulations indicate that ηdestr = 1.70 ± 0.30, which agrees well with our MCMC analysis of the FDS. We therefore conclude that the observed deformations of dwarf galaxies in the Fornax Cluster and the lack of low surface brightness dwarfs towards its centre are incompatible with ΛCDM expectations but well consistent with MOND.
Pentatricopeptide repeat protein MITOCHONDRIAL STABILITY FACTOR 3 ensures mitochondrial RNA stability and embryogenesis
Authors: Wang Chuande , Blondel Lisa , Quadrado Martine , Dargel-Graffin Céline , Mireau Hakim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGene expression in plant mitochondria is predominantly governed at the post-transcriptional level and relies mostly on nuclear-encoded proteins. However, the protein factors involved and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well understood. Here, we report on the function of the MITOCHONDRIAL STABILITY FACTOR 3 (MTSF3) protein, previously named EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 2794 (EMB2794), and show that it is essential for accumulation of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (nad2) transcript in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) but not for splicing of nad2 intron 2 as previously proposed. The MTSF3 gene encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that localizes in the mitochondrion. An MTSF3 null mutation induces embryonic lethality, but viable mtsf3 mutant plants can be generated through partial complementation with the developmentally regulated ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 promoter. Genetic analyses revealed growth retardation in rescued mtsf3 plants owing to the specific destabilization of mature nad2 mRNA and a nad2 precursor transcript bearing exons 3 to 5. Biochemical data demonstrate that MTSF3 protein specifically binds to the 3′ terminus of nad2. Destabilization of nad2 mRNA induces a substantial decrease in complex I assembly and activity and overexpression of the alternative respiratory pathway. Our results support a role for MTSF3 protein in protecting two nad2 transcripts from degradation by mitochondrial exoribonucleases by binding to their 3′ extremities.
A calmodulin-like protein (CML10) interacts with cytosolic enzymes GSTU8 and FBA6 to regulate cold tolerance
Authors: Yu Shuhan , Wu Jiaxuan , Sun Yanmei , Zhu Haifeng , Sun Qiguo , Zhao Pengcheng , Huang Risheng , Guo Zhenfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs) are calcium (Ca2+) sensors involved in plant growth and development as well as adaptation to environmental stresses; however, their roles in plant responses to cold are not well understood. To reveal the role of MsCML10 from alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in regulating cold tolerance, we examined transgenic alfalfa and Medicago truncatula overexpressing MsCML10, MsCML10-RNAi alfalfa, and a M. truncatula cml10-1 mutant and identified MsCML10-interacting proteins. MsCML10 and MtCML10 transcripts were induced by cold treatment. Upregulation or downregulation of MsCML10 resulted in increased or decreased cold tolerance, respectively, while cml10-1 showed decreased cold tolerance that was complemented by expressing MsCML10, suggesting that MsCML10 regulates cold tolerance. MsCML10 interacted with glutathione S-transferase (MsGSTU8) and fructose 1,6-biphosphate aldolase (MsFBA6), and the interaction depended on the presence of Ca2+. The altered activities of Glutathione S-transferase and FBA and levels of ROS and sugars were associated with MsCML10 transcript levels. We propose that MsCML10 decodes the cold-induced Ca2+ signal and regulates cold tolerance through activating MsGSTU8 and MsFBA6, leading to improved maintenance of ROS homeostasis and increased accumulation of sugars for osmoregulation, respectively.
Full electroweak 𝒪(α) corrections to Higgs-boson production processes with beam polarization at the International Linear Collider
Authors: Quach Nhi My Uyen , Fujimoto Junpei , Kurihara Yoshimasa 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present the full ${{\cal O}}(\alpha )$ electroweak radiative corrections to the production of nine Higgs bosons with beam polarization at the International Linear Collider (ILC). The computation is performed with the help of GRACE-Loop. We compare the full ${{\cal O}}(\alpha )$ electroweak radiative corrections with the factorized initial-state radiation (ISR) effects to estimate the pure weak corrections. This reveals that the pure weak corrections are not negligible and should be taken into account for precision measurements of the Higgs-boson property at the ILC experiments.
Trade Credit and the Transmission of Unconventional Monetary Policy
Authors: Adelino Manuel , Ferreira Miguel A , Giannetti Mariassunta , Pires Pedro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We show that production networks are important for the transmission of unconventional monetary policy. Firms with bonds eligible for purchase under the European Central Bank’s Corporate Sector Purchase Program act as financial intermediaries by extending additional trade credit to their customers. The increase in trade credit is pronounced from core countries to periphery countries and for financially constrained customers. Customers then increase investment and employment in response to the increased trade financing, whereas suppliers expand their customer base, contributing to upstream industry concentration. Our findings suggest that trade credit redistributes the effects of monetary policy across regions and firms.
Attention to the other’s body sensations modulates the ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Tomasino Barbara , Canderan Cinzia , Bonivento Carolina , Rumiati Raffaella I 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTheory of Mind (ToM) is involved in experiencing the mental states and/or emotions of others. A further distinction can be drawn between emotion and perception/sensation. We investigated the mechanisms engaged when participants’ attention is driven toward specific states. Accordingly, 21 right-handed healthy individuals performed a modified ToM task in which they reflected about someone’s emotion or someone’s body sensation, while they were in a functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The analysis of brain activity evoked by this task suggests that the two conditions engage a widespread common network previously found involved in affective ToM (temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), parietal cortex, dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), medial- prefrontal cortex (MPFC), Insula). Critically, the key brain result is that body sensation implicates selectively ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC). The current findings suggest that only paying attention to the other’s body sensations modulates a self-related representation (VMPFC).
Borders, Politics, and Bounded Sympathy: How U.S. Television News Constructs Refugees, 1980–2016
Authors: Brown Hana E , Dromgold-Sermen Michelle S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article problematizes a particular category in immigration politics: refugee. Drawing on a content analysis of 356 television news segments that aired on five major news networks between 1980 and 2016, we examine how the category “refugee” has been used in public discourse, to whom it has been applied, and the factors that shape characterizations of those who receive the label. While existing research finds that the media disproportionately associate the term “immigrant” with economic, criminal, and national security threats, we find that U.S. television news coverage associates the term “refugee” with sympathy. We find that these sympathetic portrayals are contingent upon and most common in stories about migrants in distant locales. When the news media cover individuals likely to settle or who are already settled in the United States, coverage takes a more negative tone. We also find evidence that U.S. border politics and foreign political interests affect which migrants receive the refugee label and how they are portrayed. We conclude with implications for the sociological study of classification and for immigration politics more generally.
Standardized ileal digestible amino acids and digestible energy contents in two modified soy protein concentrates and soybean meal fed to growing pigs
Authors: Huber Lee-Anne , Zhu Cuilan , Hansen Lauren , Kozole Cierra , Munoz Alfonso Cristhiam J , Mark Jessica , Moghaddam Kakhki Reza Akbari , Rho Youngji , Kiarie Elijah 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Six ileal-cannulated barrows (28.0 ± 1.3 kg initial BW) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with one additional period (n = 7 or 6) to determine standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA and digestible energy of two modified soy protein concentrates [MSPC1 and MSPC2] and soybean meal (SBM). Pigs were fed one of three cornstarch-based diets with either MSPC1 or MSPC2 or SBM as the sole source of AA at a rate of 2.8 times the estimated maintenance energy requirement. In each period, pigs were adapted to diets for 7 d followed by 2 d of fecal collection and subsequently, 2 d of continuous ileal digesta collection for 8 h. The SID of AA was calculated using basal endogenous losses from a previous study for pigs fed a nitrogen-free diet. The digestible energy of the ingredients was calculated according to the difference method using a nitrogen-free diet that contained the same cornstarch:sucrose:oil ratio as the three test diets. The total Lys content was 33% and 38% greater for MSPC1 vs. MSPC2 and SBM, respectively. The SID of crude protein was greater for MSPC1 (96.9%) than for SBM (91.3%; P &lt; 0.05), whereas an intermediate value was observed for MSPC2 (94.3% ± 1.2%). The SID of Ile (93.8%), Leu (93.6%), Lys (93.9%), Phe (96.7%), and Val (93.2%) were not different between MSPC1 and MSPC2 but greater than for SBM (88.8% ± 1.3%, 87.8% ± 1.2%, 84.5% ± 1.7%, 92.9% ± 1.0%, 86.5% ± 1.7% for Ile, Leu, Lys, Phe, and Val, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). The SID of His and Thr was greater for MSPC1 than MSPC2 and SBM (P &lt; 0.05), which were not different. The SID of Met was greater for MSPC1 and SBM vs. MSPC2 (P &lt; 0.05). The SID of Arg was greater for MSPC1 than MSPC2 and SBM (P &lt; 0.05), and greater for MSPC2 than SBM (P &lt; 0.05). The digestible energy was greater for MSPC1 (4,677 kcal/kg) than MSPC2 and SBM (average; 3,896 ± 239 kcal/kg; P &lt; 0.05), which were not different. Therefore, the MSPC1 was a better source of SID Lys and digestible energy than either MSPC2 or SBM and could be used as a highly digestible protein ingredient in swine rations.
Characteristics and Results of Hospital Admission Caused by Influenza Virus Infections in Children under 5 Years Old
Authors: Üzüm Özlem , Karadağ Öncel Eda , Demirçelik Yavuz , Örsdemir Hortu Hacer , Kanık Ali , Eliaçık Kayı , Yılmaz Çiftdoğan Dilek , Helvacı Mehmet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
The influenza virus is an infectious disease with acute respiratory tract infections, caused secondary bacterial infections and death. In this study, we aimed to determine which predictors were associated with the need for high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) and transition to intensive care for influenza virus and also to compare single viral pathogens with multiple ones.

Methods
Inpatients under the age of 5 with influenza virus-related respiratory tract infections between November 2015 and March 2019 were included in the study. Demographic features, comorbidities, symptoms, secondary bacterial infection, need for HFNC and pediatric intensive care unit and respiratory support system, length of hospital stay, polymerase chain reaction tests were recorded.

Results
A total of 93 patients were included in the study. It was determined that 53.8% of the cases were male and 84.9% were under the age of 2. Comorbidities were present in 50.5% of the cases. Secondary bacterial pneumonia developed in 56.9% of the cases. Patients with secondary bacterial pneumonia had higher PICU need, HFNC need and hospital stay (p = 0.014, p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.001, respectively). Patients with comorbidity had longer hospital stays and a higher need for HFNC (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
In this study, it was determined that especially comorbidity and secondary bacterial infection aggravated the clinical treatment of hospitalized patients. Therefore, it was concluded that patients with comorbidity should be followed closely and secondary bacterial pneumonia should be recognized and treated early.
Independent Predictors of Discontinuation of Diabetic Medication after Sleeve Gastrectomy and Gastric Bypass
Authors: Varban Oliver A , Bonham Aaron J , Carlin Arthur M , Ghaferi Amir A , Finks Jonathath F , Ehlers Anne P 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:
Both gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy can induce diabetes remission. However, deciding which procedure to perform is challenging, because remission rates and morbidity can vary, depending on patient factors as well as disease severity.

STUDY DESIGN:
Using a statewide bariatric-specific data registry, we evaluated all patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass between 2006 and 2019 who reported taking either oral diabetic medication alone or who were on insulin before surgery and who also had 1-year follow-up (n=11,664). Multivariate regression was used to identify independent predictors for discontinuation of oral diabetic medication or insulin, respectively, and risk-adjusted complication rates were compared between procedure types among each group.

RESULTS:
At 1-year after surgery, 85.7% of patients reported discontinuation of oral diabetic medication and 66.6% reported discontinuation of insulin. Gastric bypass was an independent predictor for insulin discontinuation (odds ratio 1.17; CI 1.01 to 1.35; p = 0.0329); however, procedure type was not associated with discontinuation of oral medication alone. Risk-adjusted complication rates were significantly higher after gastric bypass than after sleeve gastrectomy, regardless of whether the patient was taking oral diabetic medications alone or was on insulin (11.2% vs 4.8%, p < 0.0001 and 12.0% vs 7.4%, p < 0.0001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients requiring insulin experience higher rates of insulin discontinuation after gastric bypass, but also have significantly higher complication rates when compared to sleeve gastrectomy. However, if patients are on oral diabetic medication alone, rates of medication discontinuation at 1 year are greater than 85% and procedure type is not predictive. Disease severity is an important factor when deciding on the optimal procedure for diabetes.
Comparison Between Sporadic and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1–Associated Insulinoma
Authors: Sada Alaa , Habermann Elizabeth B , Szabo Yamashita Thomas , Thompson Geoffrey B , Lyden Melanie L , Foster Trenton R , Dy Benzon M , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R , Vella Adrian , McKenzie Travis J 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND:
The differences between sporadic and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1)–associated insulinoma are not well described. Herein, we compared demographics, neoplasm characteristics, presentation, and survival in patients with sporadic vs MEN-1 insulinomas including benign and malignant disease.

STUDY DESIGN:
A retrospective study identified insulinoma patients. MEN-1 was defined based on genetic testing or clinically in patients with 2 or more primary MEN-1 tumor types.

RESULTS:
A total of 311 patients were identified: 84% benign and 16% malignant. The incidence of malignancy was similar (18% vs 16%, MEN-1 vs sporadic, p = 0.76). Within malignant patients, the median (interquartile range) age was 33 (25 ,44) years in MEN-1 vs 54 (41, 70) years in sporadic insulinoma (p = 0.04). There was no difference in sex or tumor size between MEN-1 and sporadic malignant insulinoma (p > 0.05). Of the 260 patients with benign insulinoma, 7% had MEN-1 syndrome. MEN-1 patients presented with insulinoma at a younger age: median (interquartile range) age was 38 (24, 49) years vs 52 (43, 65) years (p < 0.01). Resection of benign insulinoma was performed in 78% of the MEN-1 and 94% of the sporadic group (p = 0.03). Resected benign tumors were larger in the MEN-1 group: 2.0 (1.65, 2.45) cm vs 1.5 (1.2, 2.0) cm, respectively (p = 0.03). Concurrent insulinomas were more common in MEN-1 (17% vs 2%; p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS:
MEN-1 patients present with insulinoma at younger age and have larger benign pancreatic lesions at the time of resection compared with sporadic neoplasms. Younger patients and those with multifocal pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in the setting of endogenous hyperinsulinism should be evaluated for MEN-1.
LIRcentral: a manually curated online database of experimentally validated functional LIR-motifs
Authors: Chatzichristofi Agathangelos , Sagris Vasileios , Pallaris Aristos , Eftychiou Marios , Kalvari Ioanna , Price Nicholas , Theodosiou Theodosios , Iliopoulos Ioannis , Nezis Ioannis P. , Promponas Vasilis J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral selective macroautophagy receptor and adaptor proteins bind members of the Autophagy-related protein 8 (Atg8) family using short linear motifs (SLiMs), most often referred to as Atg8-interacting motifs (AIM) or LC3-interacting motifs (LIR). AIM/LIR-motifs have been extensively studied during the last fifteen years, since they can uncover the underlying biological mechanisms and possible substrates for this key catabolic process of eukaryotic cells. Prompted by the fact that experimental information regarding LIR-motifs can be found scattered across heterogeneous literature resources, we have developed LIRcentral (https://lircentral.eu), a freely available online repository for user-friendly access to comprehensive, high-quality information regarding LIR-motifs from manually curated publications. Herein, we describe the development of LIRcentral and showcase currently available data and features, along with our plans for the expansion of this resource. Information incorporated in LIRcentral is useful for accomplishing a variety of research tasks, including: (i) guiding wet biology researchers for the characterization of novel instances of LIR-motifs, (ii) giving bioinformaticians/computational biologists access to high-quality LIR-motifs for building novel prediction methods for LIR-motifs and LIR containing proteins (LIRCPs) and (iii) performing analyses to better understand the biological importance/features of functional LIR-motifs. We welcome feedback on the LIRcentral content and functionality by all interested researchers and anticipate this work to spearhead a community effort for sustaining this resource which will further promote progress in studying LIR-motifs/LIRCPs.
Nucleosome patterns in circulating tumor DNA reveal transcriptional regulation of advanced prostate cancer phenotypes
Authors: Sarkar Navonil De , Patton Robert D. , Doebley Anna-Lisa , Hanratty Brian , Kreitzman Adam J. , Sarthy Jay F. , Ko Minjeong , Adil Mohamed , Brahma Sandipan , Meers Michael P. , Janssens Derek H. , Ang Lisa A. , Coleman Ilsa , Bose Arnab , Dumpit Ruth F. , Lucas Jared M. , Nunez Talina A. , Nguyen Holly M. , McClure Heather M. , Pritchard Colin C. , Schweizer Michael T. , Morrissey Colm , Choudhury Atish D. , Baca Sylvan C. , Berchuck Jacob E. , Freedman Matthew L. , Ahmad Kami , Haffner Michael C. , Montgomery Bruce , Corey Eva , Henikoff Steven , Nelson Peter S. , Ha Gavin 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTAdvanced prostate cancers comprise distinct phenotypes, but tumor classification remains clinically challenging. Here, we harnessed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to study tumor phenotypes by ascertaining nucleosome positioning patterns associated with transcription regulation. We sequenced plasma ctDNA whole genomes from patient-derived xenografts representing a spectrum of androgen receptor active (ARPC) and neuroendocrine (NEPC) prostate cancers. Nucleosome patterns associated with transcriptional activity were reflected in ctDNA at regions of genes, promoters, histone modifications, transcription factor binding, and accessible chromatin. We identified the activity of key phenotype-defining transcriptional regulators from ctDNA, including AR, ASCL1, HOXB13, HNF4G, and NR3C1. Using these features, we designed a prediction model which distinguished NEPC from ARPC in patient plasma samples across three clinical cohorts with 97-100% sensitivity and 85-100% specificity. While phenotype classification is typically assessed by immunohistochemistry or transcriptome profiling, we demonstrate that ctDNA provides comparable results with numerous diagnostic advantages for precision oncology.STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEThis study provides key insights into the dynamics of nucleosome positioning and gene regulation associated with cancer phenotypes that can be ascertained from ctDNA. The new methods established for phenotype classification extend the utility of ctDNA beyond assessments of DNA alterations with important implications for molecular diagnostics and precision oncology.