bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rozważania nad dopuszczalnością pełnienia funkcji sołtysa przez duchownego Kościoła Katolickiego
Authors: Pańczyk Filip 
Published: March 2022

This article is an analysis of legal admissibility of performing the office of a village administrator by a catholic priest. Despite the fact that this theme has already been a subject of doctrine’s interest, this study distinguish itself from other studies because it is based on a case that took place in practice. That means, obviously, a choice of the Archbishop Sławoj Leszek Głódź for a village administrator of Piaski. Considerations are conducted from three perspectives – commonly applicable law, The Concordat itself and the canonic law. Comparative legal perspective provides a citation of relevant regulations existing in chosen countries. There are also introduced regulations referring to the status of a village administrator in Polish legal order. Conducted considerations allow to conclude that in spite of the fact that Polish commonly applicable law and the Concordat itself strongly emphasize the principle of autonomy and mutual independence of the state and churches and other religious unions, they do not provide for a prohibition of taking over public offices by priests. This case is differently regulated by the Code of Canon Law which directly forbids priests to execute offices connected with performing of public authority. Such offices should involve office of a village administrator, what determines the inadmissibility of performing the office of village administrator by catholic priest.
2022 Canadian resource guides for individuals and families affected by primary immunodeficiency
Authors: Shama Wendy 
Published: February 2022

A diagnosis of immunodeficiency can be challenging for families as they navigate the emotional impact of this diagnosis, as well the potential financial burden of treatment. As is the case with many rare diseases, there existed a paucity of information for families looking for appropriate resources related to their diagnosis. The Primary Immunodeficiency Social Work Network was established in 2011 by Immunodeficiency Canada to develop a network of social workers across Canada who work with patients diagnosed with primary immunodeficiency. This network has had a focus on support programs, education, and research. Resource guides were created by the network with the goal of providing comprehensive support and information on resources available for families and individuals affected by primary immunodeficiency in each province as well as those available nationally. Statement of Novelty: National and provincial resources guides, reviewed and updated yearly, have been created for families and individuals affected by primary immunodeficiency.
Arrowian Social Equilibrium: Indecisiveness, Influence and Rational Social Choices under Majority Rule
Authors: Borah Abhinash , Garg Raghvi , Singh Nitesh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We introduce the concept of an Arrowian social equilibrium that inverts the schemata of the famous impossibility theorem of Arrow (1950. “A Difficulty in the Concept of Social Welfare.” Journal of Political Economy 58 (4): 328–46) and captures the possibility of aggregating non-rational individual preferences into rational social preferences while respecting the Arrowian desiderata. Specifically, we consider individuals whose preferences may not be complete and who, accordingly, may be indecisive when faced with an issue. Breaking with tradition, we consider the possibility of such individuals drawing on their beliefs about society’s preferences that result from the aggregation process to resolve their indecisiveness. Formally, individual choices are modeled as a rational shortlist method (Manzini and Mariotti 2007. “Sequentially Rationalizable Choice.” The American Economic Review 97 (5): 1824–39), with own preferences followed by society’s as the pair of ordered rationales. This results in a mutual interaction between individual and social choices. We study this interaction using majority rule as the aggregator, with an Arrowian social equilibrium specifying how individual and social choices are co-determined, while requiring the latter to be rational. Our main result identifies minimal levels of societal indecisiveness needed to guarantee the existence of such equilibrium.
Informatic analysis of the pulmonary microecology in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis at three different stages
Authors: Wang Yuchao , Chen Ying , Wu Chao , Yang Xiaohong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study explored the impact of pulmonary microecological changes on disease progression in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (nCFB). A careful search of the NCBI BioProject database revealed the 16S rRNA-based microbiological testing results of 441 pulmonary sputum samples from patients in the relatively stable (baseline), acute exacerbation, or recovery stage. After preliminary analysis and screening, we selected 152 samples for further analyses, including determination of the operational taxonomic unit (OTU) distribution at the phylum, class, order, family and genus levels, community structure, alpha diversity, beta diversity, microbial multivariables, correlations, and community structure after the abundances of intragroup samples were averaged. The recovery group showed significant differences in pulmonary microbiological changes (P < 0.05) compared with the other groups. There were 30 differentially abundant OTUs, with 27 and 7 at the genus and phylum levels, respectively. The Chao1 value of the recovery group was comparable to that of the baseline group, and the Shannon and Simpson values of the recovery group were the highest. Rhodococcus in Actinobacteria was positively correlated with Ochrobactrum in Firmicutes. The differences in pulmonary microecological changes at different nCFB stages may serve as a biologically predictive indicator of nCFB progression.
First report of any species of the red algal order Nemaliales from mainland Ecuador: Neoizziella asiatica (Liagoraceae, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Williamson Bo , Gabrielson Paul W. , Brandt Margarita 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The benthic marine algae of the mainland coast of Ecuador are poorly known mainly due to a lack of collections. Currently, DNA barcoding is the preferred method to identify species of benthic marine algae worldwide, as morpho-anatomical characters are inadequate to distinguish many species of macroalgae. We used the red algal barcode rbcL-3P to identify specimens collected in January 2020 from Manabí, Ecuador as Neoizziella asiatica. This is the first member of the red algal order Nemaliales to be reported from the mainland coast of Ecuador and extends the distribution of this alga by 1,100 km to the south from Panama.
Functionalization of Low Density Polyethylene with Ricinol-2-oxazoline Methyl Maleate in a Twin-screw Extruder
Authors: Jeziórska R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe grafting reaction of ricinol-2-oxazoline methyl maleate onto molten low density polyethylene was investigated in a twin-screw extruder. The influence of peroxide content, added ricinol-2-oxazoline methyl maleate and process variables such as residence time, screw speed and reaction temperature were considered. The rate and level of grafting were quantitatively measured by FTIR technique. Maximum level of grafting at constant peroxide content was obtained when concentration of ricinol-2-oxazoline methyl maleate reached 3%, above which it declined. The rate of grafting increased with increasing peroxide content. However crosslinking of polyethylene was found to have taken place as parallel competitive reaction which was intensified with increasing peroxide content. It was demonstrated that it is possible to make an optimization of the grafting reaction on the basis of experimental results. The considerable grafting yield with acceptable melt flow rate for the samples was achieved when initial ricinol-2-oxazoline methyl maleate and peroxide concentrations were 2 to 3% and 0.06 to 0.1 %, respectively.
Modelling of Phase Transitions and Residual Thermal Stress of CTBN Rubber Modified Epoxy Resins during a Pultrusion Process
Authors: Calabrese L. , Valenza A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The implicit finite difference and fourth order Runge-Kutta method are used both to solve the heat transfer problem in the pultrusion reaction and to calculate the temperature and conversion distributions within a thermoset composite profile. The aim of our work is to study the influence of a rubbery phase added to the epoxy matrix in production conditions. The results have shown that the rubber modified systems have a low exothermic temperature peak value, so that neither the amount of cured resin nor the final product properties are limited.
First of all we will show that the phase transition (gelation and vitrification) zones within the die change as the amount of rubber varies in the resin. The relationship between the position and of these zones and the resin systems will be discussed. We calculate the residual thermal stresses for all the investigated fibre/resin systems, showing a reduction when the rubber amount increases in the epoxy blend.
Challenges of sampling and how phylogenetic comparative methods help: with a case study of the Pama-Nyungan laminal contrast
Authors: Macklin-Cordes Jayden L. , Round Erich R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhylogenetic comparative methods are new in our field and are shrouded, for most linguists, in at least a little mystery. Yet the path that led to their discovery in comparative biology is so similar to the methodological history of balanced sampling, that it is only an accident of history that they were not discovered by a linguistic typologist. Here we clarify the essential logic behind phylogenetic comparative methods and their fundamental relatedness to a deep intellectual tradition focussed on sampling. Then we introduce concepts, methods and tools which will enable typologists to use these methods in everyday typological research. The key commonality of phylogenetic comparative methods and balanced sampling is that they attempt to deal with statistical non-independence due to genealogy. Whereas sampling can never achieve independence and requires most comparative data to be discarded, phylogenetic comparative methods achieve independence while retaining and using all comparative data. We discuss the essential notions of phylogenetic signal; uncertainty about trees; typological averages and proportions that are sensitive to genealogy; comparison across language families; and the effects of areality. Extensive supplementary materials illustrate computational tools for practical analysis and we illustrate the methods discussed with a typological case study of the laminal contrast in Pama-Nyungan.
Synthesis of surface active agents from natural waste phenolics
Authors: Büyükdere Burcu Kangal , Ünlü Cüneyt H. , Atıcı Oya G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Corn cob and tea leaves waste are used as raw materials for condensed phenolic structures. In this study phenolics were extracted from these waste materials, characterized, and modified to obtain surface active materials. The phenolic structures of corn cob were HGS-type lignin with 10% by mass of initial dry weight, while of tea waste were condensed tannin with catechin-like fragments with 15% by mass. Hydroxymethylation reactions were carried out to increase the reactive sites and also the water solubility. The phenolics of the corn cob were hydroxymethylated to a higher rate than the phenolics of the tea leaves waste (85 vs. 48%). Subsequent modification with maleic anhydride was carried out at a rate of about 40% for both types. Visual determinations indicated that all the materials obtained behaved like non-ionic surfactants. However, sulfonation of tannin structure (at a rate of 40%) resulted in an anionic surfactant structure, as expected.
Effect of detergents on froth stability and flotation separation
Authors: Ostadrahimi Mahdi , Farrokhpay Saeed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Froth stability is an important factor in determining flotation yield, and one of the factors affecting froth stability is dependent on the concentration and type of surfactant. Since detergents contain different types of surfactants, it is possible that they affect the froth stability (together with the frothing agent and the collector) and consequently the flotation yield. Therefore, the effect of detergents containing lauryldimethylamine oxide and sodium laureth sulphate was investigated in this study. The results showed that the addition of detergents increased the froth stability by more than 30% and 45% in terms of froth formation and froth decay, respectively. The flotation tests also showed that the addition of detergents increased the sulphur content of the concentrate by about 0.7%.
Effect of the pre-treatment of stains with ultrasound in household laundry cleaning
Authors: Kimmel Tobias , Kunkel Christian , Sghir Maryam Ait , Pauels Kevin , Kessler Arnd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effect of three handheld ultrasonic devices for the pretreatment of stains on textiles was evaluated under household conditions. Twenty soiled textiles were treated and the mean increase of lightness ΔL* of the soiled textiles was used as a measure for the cleaning effect. It was shown that the combination of a pretreatment and a washing cycle at 20 °C yields a higher mean increase of lightness, ΔL* = 19.5, compared to a 40 °C washing cycle without pretreatment, ΔL* = 15.3. The effect is most pronounced for mixtures consisting of oily soils with pigments, ΔL* = 25.1. During the pretreatment, the soil was soaked in a detergent solution and the effect of soaking was measured separately.
Spontaneous Intramuscular Hematomas in Patients with Severe COVID-19 (Case Report)
Authors: Lesteva N. A. , Rybakov G. Yu. , Danilov I. N. , Kovalev A. A. , Kondratyev A. N. 
Published: February 2022

Aim of the study. To evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of intramuscular hematomas in patients with severe coronavirus infection receiving anticoagulant therapy.Materials and methods. Intramuscular hematomas in five patients with severe COVID-19 disease are reported in the paper. The criteria for selecting patients for the study included respiratory distress requiring oxygen, radiographic signs of severe pneumonia, anticoagulant therapy using low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and spontaneous intramuscular hematoma. Clinical manifestations, blood coagulation results, conservative and surgical management were analyzed.Results. Standard regimen anticoagulation therapy in patients with coronavirus infection requires vigilance because of a risk of development of hemorrhagic complications.Сonclusion. When assessing a patient with hematomas, an emphasis should be given to examination of patients and changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Best strategy of anticoagulant therapy for patients with coronavirus infection and high risk of VTE, as well as optimal laboratory monitoring during LMWH administration are yet to be explored.
Risk Factors of Severe Disease and Methods for Clinical Outcome Prediction in Patients with COVID-19 (Review)
Authors: Sokologorskiy S. V. , Ovechkin A. M. , Khapov I. V. , Politov M. E. , Bulanova E. L. 
Published: February 2022

Large population studies using statistical analysis and mathematical computer modeling could be an effective tool in studying COVID-19. The use of prognostic scales developed using correlation of changes in clinical and laboratory parameters and morphological data, can help in early prediction of disease progression and identification of patients with high risk of unfavorable outcome.Aim of the review. To assess the risk factors for severe course and unfavorable outcome of COVID-19 and to evaluate the existing tools for predicting the course and outcome of the novel coronavirus infection. PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched for the relevant sources. This review contains information on existing tools for assessing the prognosis and outcome of the disease, along with the brief data on the etiology, pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus infection and the known epidemiological, clinical and laboratory factors affecting its course.Conclusion. It is essential to develop predictive models tailored to specific settings and capable of continuous monitoring of the situation and making the necessary adjustments. The discovery of new and more sensitive early markers and developing marker-based predictive assessment tools could significantly impact improving the outcomes of COVID-19.
Nosocomial Infection in Patients with Severe and Critical COVID-19
Authors: Bychinin M. V. , Antonov I. O. , Klypa T. V. , Mandel I. A. , Minets A. I. , Kolyshkina N. A. , Golobokova Ya. B. 
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study was to determine the etiology and frequency of nosocomial infections in patients with severe and critical COVID-19.Material and methods. A retrospective, single-center study included 168 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). All episodes of infection, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and outcome were documented in patients.Results. Hospital-acquired infections were detected in 82 (48.8%) of 168 patients, more frequently in men (p = 0.028). A total of 232 episodes of nosocomial infections were observed including ventilator-associated pneumonia (48.2%), bloodstream infection (39.2%), nosocomial pneumonia/tracheobronchitis (13.4%), and urinary tract infection (5.2%). The main causative agents of nosocomial infections were resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infections developed on the average on day 6 [3; 9] of ICU stay and were associated with the initial severity of the patients assessed by SOFA (p=0.016), SpO2 (p=0.005), lymphopenia severity (p=0.003), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (p=0.004), C-reactive protein (p=0.01), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level (p=0.022), or vitamin D (p=0.035) levels. Patients diagnosed with infection were more likely than those without infections to require mechanical ventilation (67.6% vs 32.4%, p < 0.001), high-flow oxygen therapy (50.0% vs 31.0%, p = 0.020), renal replacement therapy (36.8% vs 9.3%, p = 0.003), and had longer ICU length of stay (13 [9; 18] vs 4 [2; 8], p < 0.001), hospital length of stay (19 [14; 29] vs 15 [11; 20], p = 0.001) and mortality (47 (57.3%) vs 25 (29.0%), p < 0.001).Conclusion. In patients with severe and critical COVID-19 a high incidence of nosocomial infections was found, which negatively affected the outcome. In more than half of the cases, the infection was caused by resistant strains of Gram-negative bacilli. Procalcitonin is a useful biomarker for identifying bacterial infection in patients with COVID-19.
Explorations of Post Constrained Recovery Residual Stress of Shape Memory Alloys in Self-healing Applications
Authors: Haider Muhammad Istiaque , Rezaee Maysam , Salowitz Nathan 
Published: February 2022

Self-healing materials with intrinsic capabilities of geometric restoration and damage recovery have a tremendous potential to improve product safety and reliability, especially in space applications where recovery or manual performance of repairs may be prohibitive, dangerous, or impossible. Self-healing materials typically incorporate a complex internal structure containing constituent materials of different functionality and one of the primary methods is to reinforce self-healing materials with shape memory alloys that can be activated to restore geometry and close a fracture. Recent experimental investigation revealed that Nickel Titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) could repeatedly produce stable residual stresses following constrained recovery when held in a constrained condition during temperature change through the forward and reverse transformations. The ability to produce this post constrained recovery residual stress (PCRRS) in a low temperature state, without continuous actuation, and to regenerate it repeatedly have the potential to advance self-healing capabilities and even damage prevention.
Potensi Tugu Perjuangan Bagus Rangin sebagai Sumber Belajar dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah bagi Generasi Muda di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Cirebon
Authors: Sofiani Yulia , Andriyani Silvi 
Published: March 2022

Tugu Perjuangan Bagus Rangin merupakan salah satu jejak sejarah di Desa Kedondong Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Cirebon, sebagai monumen sejarah penggunaannya sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah belum maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aspek yang terdapat dalam tugu perjuangan Bagus Rangin yang bisa dikembangkan menjadi sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah serta potensinya sebagai sumber belajar yang dapat membantu proses pembelajaran sejarah di kelas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif atau merupakan penelitian analisis/deskriptif tentang potensi tugu perjuangan Bagus Rangin sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Tempat penelitian ini adalah di Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Cirebon tempat monumen tersebut berada. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan langkah-langkah 1. Pengumpulan data melalui tahapan observasi, studi dokumen dan wawancara 2. Menguji kredibilitas data dengan berbagai sumber data 3. Analisis data bersifat kualitatif 4. Penulisan, dimana hasil penelitian ini lebih menekankan makna dari pada generalisasi. Kajian yang diteliti adalah potensi tugu perjuangan Bagus Rangin sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah. Tugu perjuangan Bagus Rangin dibangun sebagai penghargaan atas perjuangan Bagus Rangin dalam memimpin Perang Kedondong melawan kolonialisme Belanda tahun 1802-1818. Monumen ini dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah, sebagai jejak peristiwa sejarah di lingkungan sekitar peserta didik. Simpulannya tentu tugu perjuangan Bagus Rangin berpotensi sebagai sumber belajar dalam pembelajaran sejarah.
Parent Involvement in Pre-school Science Activities: What Do Parents Think About It?
Authors: Sahin Cakir Cigdem , Uludağ Gonca 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to investigate parents' views about science and parent involvement in pre-school science activities. According to Cresswell's designs' sequential explanatory mixed-method design, the study was conducted. The participants were composed of parents of 39 children (60-72 months) who studied in two different classrooms, there were 20 children in one of the classrooms, and there were 19 children in the other classroom at a public pre-school in Ankara/Turkey in 2015-2016 school year. The Parents' Views about Science and Preschool Science Activities Scale and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with three volunteer parents, each from the parents who got high, medium, and low average scores from the scale. Thus, parents' views about science and parent involvement in pre-school science activities were examined in detail. According to the results of this study, it was determined that the parents who participated in this study had positive views on science and science education in pre-school, realized the importance of science activities in pre-school, were eager to participate in pre-school science activities. Therefore, this study suggests that teachers and parents should be informed that parents' involvement is essential for doing science activities in pre-school.
Neuropsychiatric abnormalities in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their correction during treatment
Authors: Valiev R. Sh. 
Published: March 2022

We examined tuberculosis patients with the Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory (MMPI) to determine whether this technique could be used by phthisiatricians untrained in psychiatry to assess personality features and detect psychiatric disorders in patients.
Using the MMPI, modified by L.N. Sobchik, 149 patients (146 men and 3 women) with pulmonary tuberculosis aged 20 to 59 years were examined. Results of the examination were interpreted according to 3 evaluation and 10 clinical scales. Quantitative data were converted to T-points, and the personality profile was determined on the basis of their graphic representation.