bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occurrence of problematic Internet use and its correlates among Egyptian adolescent students in international schools in Cairo
Authors: El Fiky Reem , Mansour Mona , Fekry Mohamed , ElHabiby Mahmoud , Elkholy Hussien , Morsy Mahmoud 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Internet addiction is a global phenomenon that has been a topic of great interest to researchers, clinicians, teachers, parents, and community groups. The study aims in determination of the rate of problematic Internet use among a sample of Egyptian adolescent students, relations of problematic Internet use with socio-demographic data, risk factors, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. A sample of 248 Egyptian adolescent school students aged 11 to 18 years old were assessed using the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) Scale, Social Media Disorder (SMD) Scale, Youth Self-Report (YSR), and The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents (Mini KID).

Results
Among the study sample, 42.3% of the students suffered from mild Internet addiction, 35.1% suffered from moderate Internet addiction, and 3.6% suffered from severe addiction. 31.5% were risky gamers and 10.5% were disordered gamers; 34.3% had problematic social media disorder and the highest observed psychiatric disorders were major depressive episodes 9.3%, generalized anxiety disorder 7.7%, alcohol dependence 4.4%, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder 4.4%, social phobia 4%, and a higher percentage of psychiatric disorders among severe Internet addiction 88.9% and among moderate addiction 70.6%, disordered gamers 92.3%, problematic social media users 60%, and a higher mean of hours spent online per day of 6.8 h per day.

Conclusions
Problematic Internet use has a negative impact on Egyptian adolescent students in international schools in study sample and adds to the existing literature regarding the magnitude of Internet addiction and its relationship with different psychiatric disorders.
The great masquerader of pancreatic tuberculosis
Authors: Chan Kheng Hooi , Sellappan Harivinthan , Maiyauen Thanesh Kumar , Azman Azlanudin , Hayati Firdaus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare clinical entity. It represents a diagnostic challenge as the clinical presentation may mimic pancreatic malignancy.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old gentleman presented with an incidental finding of a pancreatic tail mass on routine ultrasonography of the abdomen whilst working up on chronic kidney disease. He denied abdominal pain, fever, night sweats, constitutional symptoms or tuberculosis contact. On examination, there was no palpable mass per abdomen. The tumour marker of Ca 19-9 was normal. Ultrasonography revealed a lobulated heterogeneous hypovascular and hypoechoic mass at the tail of the pancreas. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the thorax and abdomen revealed a thickened right pleura, right pleural effusion with right lung collapsed consolidation and multiple mediastinal lymph nodes. There is an ill-defined hypodense mass seen in the tail and body of the pancreas measuring 3 × 7 × 3 cm with the presences of calcification within. The constellation of CT findings suggests a pancreatic malignancy with metastasis to the lungs. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) assessment showed an irregular hypoechoic mass measuring 3.0 × 2.7 cm at the tail of the pancreas. Multiple rounded hypoechoic lesions were also seen scattered within the body of the pancreas with multiple enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the lesion was consistent with granulomatous inflammation. The diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis was made. The patient was subsequently started on antitubercular medication and recovered well.

Conclusion
A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose pancreatic tuberculosis, especially in patients whose radiological imaging shows a pancreatic mass with necrotic peripancreatic lymphadenopathy in endemic countries. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration is the diagnostic modality of choice, and vigorous attempts should be made at obtaining a preoperative histological or bacteriological diagnosis to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Comparison between diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance and positron-emission tomography in the evaluation of treated lymphomas with mediastinal involvement
Authors: Di Giuliano Francesca , Picchi Eliseo , Pucci Noemi , Minosse Silvia , Ferrazzoli Valentina , Pizzicannella Giulia , Angeloni Cecilia , Nasso Daniela , Chiaravalloti Agostino , Garaci Francesco , Floris Roberto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The persistence of residual tissue after treatment is frequent in patients with mediastinal lymphomas and it is often characterized by 18F-Flurodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG PET) uptake. This study aims to investigate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) sequence in residual tissues of treated mediastinal lymphomas and to compare it with 18F-FDG PET-CT.

Results
We included 21 patients with mediastinal Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas who showed residual masses on PET-CT imaging at end of treatment and underwent DWIBS-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). SUVmax and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values of residual masses were assessed quantitatively, including measurement of mean ADC. 15 patients showed radiotracer uptake at 18F-FDG PET-CT, among them only 3 had positive DWIBS-MRI with low ADC values (median value: 0.90 mm2/s). The mediastinal biopsy in these 3 “double positive” patients confirmed pathological residual tissue. All the patients with positive 18F-FDG PET-CT but negative DWIBS-MRI (n = 18) with high ADC values (median value: 2.05 mm2/s) were confirmed negative by biopsy.

Conclusions
DWIBS-MRI examination combined with ADC measurement allowed to discriminate pathological and non-pathological residual tissue in patients with treated mediastinal lymphoma. These preliminary results seem to pave the way for a leading role of the MRI which could be a useful alternative to the 18F-FDG PET/CT.
Deep learning-enabled compact optical trigonometric operator with metasurface
Authors: Zhao Zihan , Wang Yue , Guan Chunsheng , Zhang Kuang , Wu Qun , Li Haoyu , Liu Jian , Burokur Shah Nawaz , Ding Xumin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a novel strategy based on a metasurface composed of simple and compact unit cells to achieve ultra-high-speed trigonometric operations under specific input values is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. An electromagnetic wave (EM)-based optical diffractive neural network with only one hidden layer is physically built to perform four trigonometric operations (sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent functions). Under the unique composite input mode strategy, the designed optical trigonometric operator responds to incident light source modes that represent different trigonometric operations and input values (within one period), and generates correct and clear calculated results in the output layer. Such a wave-based operation is implemented with specific input values, and the proposed concept work may offer breakthrough inspiration to achieve integrable optical computing devices and photonic signal processors with ultra-fast running speeds.
Time delay statistics for finite number of channels in all symmetry classes
Authors: Novaes Marcel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Within a random matrix theory approach, we obtain spectral statistics of the Wigner time delay matrix Q, for arbitrary channels number M and for all symmetry classes, in fact for the general Dyson parameter β. We also put forth two conjectures: one is related to the large-M expansion of joint cumulants of traces of powers of Q, which generalizes and implies a previous conjecture of Cunden, Mezzadri, Vivo and Simm; the other concerns the tail of the distribution of traces of powers of Q.
Increased parasite load is associated with reduced metabolic rates and escape responsiveness in pumpkinseed sunfish
Authors: Guitard Joëlle J. , Chrétien Emmanuelle , De Bonville Jérémy , Roche Dominique G. , Boisclair Daniel , Binning Sandra A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTWild animals have parasites that can compromise their physiological and/or behavioural performance. Yet, the extent to which parasite load is related to intraspecific variation in performance traits within wild populations remains relatively unexplored. We used pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) and their endoparasites as a model system to explore the effects of infection load on host aerobic metabolism and escape performance. Metabolic traits (standard and maximum metabolic rates, aerobic scope) and fast-start escape responses following a simulated aerial attack by a predator (responsiveness, response latency and escape distance) were measured in fish from across a gradient of visible (i.e. trematodes causing black spot disease counted on fish surfaces) and non-visible (i.e. cestodes in fish abdominal cavity counted post-mortem) endoparasite infection. We found that a higher infection load of non-visible endoparasites was related to lower standard and maximum metabolic rates, but not aerobic scope in fish. Non-visible endoparasite infection load was also related to decreased responsiveness of the host to a simulated aerial attack. Visible endoparasites were not related to changes in metabolic traits or fast-start escape responses. Our results suggest that infection with parasites that are inconspicuous to researchers can result in intraspecific variation in physiological and behavioural performance in wild populations, highlighting the need to more explicitly acknowledge and account for the role played by natural infections in studies of wild animal performance.
Synthesis of Hexa-Aminated Trinaphtho[3.3.3]propellane and Its Porous Polymer Solids with Alkane Adsorption Properties
Authors: Kato Kenichi , Seto Nobuyoshi , Chida Koki , Yoshii Takeharu , Mizuno Motohiro , Nishihara Hirotomo , Ohtani Shunsuke , Ogoshi Tomoki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rigid three-dimensional π-skeletons are useful building blocks for organic porous materials but only a few types of compounds are available as compared with a variety of planar building blocks. Herein, we report that hexa-aminated trinaphtho[3.3.3]propellane was readily prepared by a two-step reaction sequence from a non-functionalized propellane in moderate yield and was active toward condensation with boronic acids and aldehydes. Solvothermal condensation with terephthalaldehyde gave an amorphous polymeric solid with moderate BET surface area, different from precursor molecules. The solid displayed good adsorption capacities for hydrocarbon gases and vapors. Because of multiple CH/π interactions, the adsorption was efficient even at low-pressure for n-butane and larger alkanes, providing good selectivity over smaller alkanes.
Risk of developing gallbladder cancer in patients with gallbladder polyps detected on transabdominal ultrasound: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Foley Kieran G , Riddell Zena , Coles Bernadette , Roberts S Ashley , Willis Brian H 
Published: July 2022

Objective:To estimate the risk of malignancy in gallbladder polyps of incremental sizes detected during transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS).Methods:We searched databases including MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library for eligible studies recording the polyp size from which gallbladder malignancy developed, confirmed following cholecystectomy, or by subsequent follow-up. Primary outcome was the risk of gallbladder cancer in patients with polyps. Secondary outcome was the effect of polyp size as a prognostic factor for cancer. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies (QUIPS) tool. Bayesian meta-analysis estimated the median cancer risk according to polyp size. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020223629).Results:82 studies published since 1990 reported primary data for 67,837 patients. 67,774 gallbladder polyps and 889 cancers were reported. The cumulative median cancer risk of a polyp measuring 10 mm or less was 0.60% (99% credible range 0.30–1.16%). Substantial heterogeneity existed between studies (I2= 99.95%, 95% credible interval 99.86–99.98%). Risk of bias was generally high and overall confidence in evidence was low. 13 studies (15.6%) were graded with very low certainty, 56 studies (68.3%) with low certainty, and 13 studies (15.6%) with moderate certainty. In studies considered moderate quality, TAUS monitoring detected 4.6 cancers per 10,000 patients with polyps less than 10 mm.Conclusion:Malignant risk in gallbladder polyps is low, particularly in polyps less than 10 mm, however the data are heterogenous and generally low quality. International guidelines, which have not previously modelled size data, should be informed by these findings.Advances in knowledgeThis large systematic review and meta-analysis has shown that the mean cumulative risk of small gallbladder polyps is low, but heterogeneity and missing data in larger polyp sizes (>10 mm) means the risk is uncertain and may be higher than estimated. Studies considered to have better methodological quality suggest that previous estimates of risk are likely to be inflated.
Components of Didactic Complexity of Mathematical Problem and Their Evaluation
Authors: Mayer Robert 
Published: July 2022

The problem of estimating the didactic complexity of a mathematical task, which together with the solution is a multidimensional object characterized by a set of applied methods, is studied. The formation degree of the student's mathematical thinking is also determined by the set of mathematical methods he/she has mastered.
Therefore, it is logical to consider the complexity of using certain methods of solution as the didactic complexity components of a particular task. It has been established that: 1) each mathematical problem can be characterized by a one-dimensional matrix, the components of which are proportional to the complexity of applying the corresponding method to solve it; 2) as the main methods for solving a mathematical problem, we can choose: methods of reading text, arithmetic calculations, algebraic transformations, method of the geometric constructions and operations with vectors use, combinatorial method, the trigonometric method, the method of logarithms and exponential functions, the differentiation and integration method, the operator method; 3) the complexity of applying a particular method in solving given task can be determined using a special computer program by counting the number of corresponding marker-terms and taking into account their complexity. The article evaluates the various components of the didactic complexity of 9 mathematical tasks on various topics and determines their general didactic complexity. It has been established that task 9 for calculating the divergence and rotor of a vector field is about 20 times more difficult than task 1 for solving a first-degree equation with one variable.
The Industrial Complex of Moscow As a Potential Consumer of Innovative Products
Authors: Repnikova V. , Bykova O. , Garnov Andrey 
Published: July 2022

The enterprises of the industrial complex of Moscow potentially represent one of the most significant segments of the industrial market for innovative products of small enterprises.
From the point of view of priorities in the implementation of support for innovation, this significance is as follows:
• industrial enterprises are able to produce high-quality, highly profitable products with high added value, which ensure expanded reproduction and the formation of the city budget through tax deductions;
• In addition, stable jobs are created for city residents from various social strata.
Utilização alimentícia e medicinal de Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) no Brasil
Authors: Brito Gabriel Vannozzi , Costa-Neto Eraldo Medeiros 
Published: July 2022

Após a primeira edição do Congresso Brasileiro de Insetos Alimentícios e Tecnologias Associadas e II Simpósio Brasileiro de Antropoentomofagia (INSETEC), percebeu-se a necessidade de enaltecer os insetos comestíveis do Brasil. Desta forma, fez-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o uso alimentar e medicinal da larva de Pachymerus nucleorum Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), cujo objetivo principal foi registrar as informações etnoentomológicas acerca da espécie em todo o país. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de revisão bibliográfica, além de análise de redes sociais e de vídeos disponíveis na plataforma YouTube. Como resultado, foi possível documentar os saberes locais e os nomes populares associados à espécie, particularmente às larvas, nas diferentes regiões do país. Encontrou-se relatos da utilização deste coleóptero em 14 Unidades Federativas, acompanhados de mais de 20 variantes lexicais utilizadas para denominar a larva de P. nucleorum. Foi possível perceber uma larga distribuição territorial deste inseto pelo Brasil, no entanto percebeu-se certa escassez de dados etnoentomológicos quando analisadas as regiões Sudeste e Sul. A partir dos resultados encontrados, o uso deste inseto como recurso alimentar ou na medicina tradicional permite com que sua imagem como inseto-praga seja repensada.
Active Learning for Contextual Search with Binary Feedback
Authors: Chen Xi , Liu Quanquan , Wang Yining 
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we study the learning problem in contextual search, which is motivated by applications such as crowdsourcing and personalized medicine experiments. In particular, for a sequence of arriving context vectors, with each context associated with an underlying value, the decision maker either makes a query at a certain point or skips the context. The decision maker will only observe the binary feedback on the relationship between the query point and the value associated with the context. We study a probably approximately correct learning setting, where the goal is to learn the underlying mean value function in context with a minimum number of queries. To address this challenge, we propose a trisection search approach combined with a margin-based active learning method. We show that the algorithm only needs to make [Formula: see text] queries to achieve an ε-estimation accuracy. This sample complexity significantly reduces the required sample complexity in the passive setting where neither sample skipping nor query selection is allowed, which is at least [Formula: see text]. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, data science. Funding: X. Chen and Q. Liu were supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant IIS-1845444].
Japanese encephalitis virus outbreak in Australian pigs
Authors: Carr John , van Dissel Jonathan , Suter Robert , Eastaugh Mark , Dunlop Hugo , Harrison Tom , Richards Chris 
Published: July 2022

An incursion of Japanese encephalitis virus disease has been identified as commencing in north-eastern Australia in April 2021, resulting in prolonged gestation length, mummified and stillborn piglets, often with severe fetal abnormalities and congenital tremors. The disease has been recognised to have occurred on nearly 80 farms over an 18-month period with some seasonal impacts and large mosquito numbers afflicting farms. There have been no obvious clinical problems in piglets, weaners, grow/finishing or adult pigs. The organism is zoonotic and caused clinical infection in nearly 40 people and sadly resulted in the death of five people. None of the people showing clinical signs had contact with the pig industry. No one involved in the pig industry or students handling potentially infected tissues showed any clinical signs of disease.
How frequent is absolute femoral retroversion in symptomatic patients with cam- and pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement?
Authors: Meier Malin K. , Reche Jelena , Schmaranzer Florian , von Tengg-Kobligk Hendrik , Steppacher Simon D. , Tannast Moritz , Novais Eduardo N. , Lerch Till D. 
Published: July 2022

Aims The frequency of severe femoral retroversion is unclear in patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). This study aimed to investigate mean femoral version (FV), the frequency of absolute femoral retroversion, and the combination of decreased FV and acetabular retroversion (AR) in symptomatic patients with FAI subtypes. Methods A retrospective institutional review board-approved observational study was performed with 333 symptomatic patients (384 hips) with hip pain due to FAI evaluated for hip preservation surgery. Overall, 142 patients (165 hips) had cam-type FAI, while 118 patients (137 hips) had mixed-type FAI. The allocation to each subgroup was based on reference values calculated on anteroposterior radiographs. CT/MRI-based measurement of FV (Murphy method) and AV were retrospectively compared among five FAI subgroups. Frequency of decreased FV < 10°, severely decreased FV < 5°, and absolute femoral retroversion (FV < 0°) was analyzed. Results A significantly (p < 0.001) lower mean FV was found in patients with cam-type FAI (15° (SD 10°)), and in patients with mixed-type FAI (17° (SD 11°)) compared to severe over-coverage (20° (SD 12°). Frequency of decreased FV < 10° was significantly (p < 0.001) higher in patients with cam-type FAI (28%, 46 hips) and in patients with over-coverage (29%, 11 hips) compared to severe over-coverage (12%, 5 hips). Absolute femoral retroversion (FV < 0°) was found in 13% (5 hips) of patients with over-coverage, 6% (10 hips) of patients with cam-type FAI, and 5% (7 hips) of patients with mixed-type FAI. The frequency of decreased FV< 10° combined with acetabular retroversion (AV < 10°) was 6% (8 hips) in patients with mixed-type FAI and 5% (20 hips) in all FAI patients. Of patients with over-coverage, 11% (4 hips) had decreased FV < 10° combined with acetabular retroversion (AV < 10°). Conclusion Patients with cam-type FAI had a considerable proportion (28%) of decreased FV < 10° and 6% had absolute femoral retroversion (FV < 0°), even more for patients with pincer-type FAI due to over-coverage (29% and 13%). This could be important for patients evaluated for open hip preservation surgery or hip arthroscopy, and each patient requires careful personalized evaluation. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(7):557–565.