bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First aid for servicemen in combat conditions – organizational and legal aspect
Authors: Kul'nev Sergey V. , Zhuravlev Vyacheslav K. , Taranov Sergey P. , Elizar'ev Sergey V. , Reva Viktor A. 
Published: May 2022

It is difficult to overestimate the Importance of the quality of first aid in saving the lives of the wounded, improving the outcomes of injuries and improving the effectiveness of the system of medical care in war. According to the literature, in a number of armed conflicts of the late XX early XXI centuries, the share of first aid measures performed in almost half of cases did not exceed 50 % in the structure of those in need of these measures, and of the dead, more than 30 % had injuries compatible with life.
AIM: To analyze the legal and regulatory aspect of the organization of first aid in civil and military health care. Identify problematic legal issues in the provision of first aid to military personnel in combat conditions and formulate proposals for their solution.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from domestic and foreign literature sources, dissertations and research papers, Internet sources, Federal and departmental regulatory legal acts in the field of first aid organization are analyzed. We used logical and comparative-historical methods, as well as the method of system analysis.
RESULTS: The article analyzes data from the literature, Internet sources, and the legal framework for the organization of first aid in civil and military health care. There are legal problems in expanding the scope of first aid by including medical care measures (pre-medical, primary medical care in emergency form) in combat conditions. Proposals for their solution are formulated.
CONCLUSION: The system of first aid organization for military personnel of law enforcement agencies and departments in combat conditions has a number of problematic issues that require regulatory regulation. It is necessary to develop regulatory legal acts (the Decree of the RF Government, the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation), regulating first aid in combat conditions to organize in the new Center for tactical medicine training of specialists of divisions and parts of special purpose law-enforcement ministries and departments of the Russian Federation to enter the Russian Ministry of defense Institute Chief off-staff specialist on first aid, to whom to entrust the task of uniting the efforts of specialists Main Military Medical Department of the Ministry of the Russian Defense Ministry and other cooperating ministries and agencies (1 table, bibliography: 20 refs).
Quality Characteristics and Acceptability of Jam Produced from Pineapple (Ananas comoscus) and Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Blends
Authors: Nkansah A.M. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Pineapple and carrot as composite ingredients in jam making will improve the nutritional values and general acceptability. Even though these fruit and vegetable are grown in large quantities in Ghana, yet remain unpopular due to their unusual flavour. Combining carrots with pineapple will help create a variety of jams which in the end will offer consumers a range of affordable jam products. The present work aims to determine the nutritional quality and sensory evaluation of blended pineapple-carrot jam at different blending ratios. Methods: Five (5) different jam samples were produced from the following formulations, 100% Pineapple (control), 90% pineapple with 20% carrot, 80% pineapple with 20% carrot, 75% pineapple with 25% carrot and 25% carrot with 75% pineapple. The determination of moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate were carried out using the AOAC method. Twenty trained panelists performed the sensory analysis using a 9 point hedonic scale of the developed jam. The results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS statistics software (Version 17.0). Data were analysed using ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range tests was used to determine significant differences between the samples. Result: The results revealed a significant difference (P less than 0.05) in mean hedonic score between composite jam and control. Proximate analysis of the jam showed moisture (36.87-45.69%), ash (0.60-0.81%), protein (0.31-0.48%), crude fat (5.29-10.67%), crude fibre (0.13-3.85%) and carbohydrate (33.95-49.58%). Pineapple-carrot jam blends at a blending ratio of 75:25 revealed better qualities in terms of aroma, taste, spreadability and overall acceptability. Based on the data gathered from the study, it can be concluded that pineapple-carrot jam has good sensory qualities and can be utilised to make jam and other processed products to add value to the fruit and vegetable.
Determination of Levels of Essential and Non-essential Metals and Nutritional Value in Mung Bean Seed (Vigna radiate L.) Cultivated in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Bunaka Alenka , Bibiso Mesfin , Lelago Alemu 
Published: May 2022

Background: Mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) is an important legume crop grown worldwide from tropical to sub-tropical areas. The experiments were conducted on the mung bean to determine the level of essential and non-essential metals and proximate composition. Methods: In this study, the levels of selected essential metals and non-essential metal were determined from mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) in Kindo Koysha District, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. Wet digestion method with a mixture of 6 ml of concentrated HNO3:HClO4 (5:1 v/v) was used for digestion of the mung bean samples and a concentrated reagent mixture of 6 mL aqua-regia (3:1 ratio of HCl to HNO3) and 1.5 mL H2O2 was used for digestion of the soil samples. Result: The results obtained revealed that the concentrations of metals in the mung bean samples in mg/kg dry weight were in the range of Ca (1418.02-1698), Mg (2422-2492.4), Na (88.9-106.7), K (3670-3716.8), Fe (196.2-235.5), Zn (72-103), Mn (51-97.6), Cu (7.8-27.4). The non-essential metal Cr was not detected in mung beans. The proximate composition of mung bean in the range of crude protein (17.86-28.29%), crude fat (1.05-1.49%), ash content (2.9-3.35%) and moisture (5.76-7.57%). Mung bean was found to be an excellent source of essential minerals and protein content and low in fat content.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA GARAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Moqoddas Samiroh Laily , Subari Slamet 
Published: May 2022

Garam merupakan komoditas strategis dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Kebutuhan dan hasil produksi garam yang terus meningkat setiap tahun, seharusnya berdampak pada harga garam yang berbanding lurus. Namun, Harga garam di Indonesia terus mengalami perubahan. Impor garam yang dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri menjadi salah satu faktor ketidak stabilan harga garam domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Mengetahui trend harga garam tahun 2010-2018 di Indonesia; (2) Mengetahui faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan harga garam di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data time series (2010-2018) yang diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan trend sederhana dan analisis regresi linier berganda, dengan uji model dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa trend harga menunjukkan peningkatan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi harga garam domestik di Indonesia secara parsial adalah variabel harga garam impor, jumlah produksi, dan jumlah konsumsi berpengaruh terhadap harga garam domestik, sedangkan variabel jumlah impor garam tidak berpengaruh.
HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI RISIKO DENGAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN ONLINE MAKANAN INSTAN PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Sahira Dian Akbarani , Fauziyah Elys 
Published: May 2022

Pembelian makanan instan secara online meningkat pada masa pandemi Corana Virus (Covid) 19. Transaksi secara online memiliki banyak risiko. Persepsi risiko konsumen dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pembeliannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi risiko pembelian online pada makanan instan dan menganalisis hubungan antara persepsi risiko dengan keputusan pembeliannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode diskriptif dan uji korelasi Kendall’s tau-b, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 100 orang. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa sebagian besar responden mempersepsikan pembelian makanan instan online memiliki risiko fungsional, fisik, waktu, dan sosial. Selanjutnya terdapat hubungan yang sangat lemah antara persepsi risiko konsumen dengan keputusan pembelian makanan instan secara online. Kata kunci: Persepsi Risiko, Keputusan Pembelian Online, Makanan Instan
Pengaruh Usaha Peternakan Sapi Konvensional dan Usaha Peternakan Berbasis Manajemen Penggemukan di Desa Rabasan Kecamatan Camplong Kabupaten Sampang Jawa Timur
Authors: Fatmawati Fatmawati , Ihsannudin Ihsannudin 
Published: May 2022

Sapi Madura tergolong sapi tropis yang kebanyakan dipelihara secara individu oleh masyarakat dengan aplikasi teknologi yang masih tradisional. Desa Rabasan merupakan salah satu desa dengan kepemilikan sapi per keluarga yang cukup tinggi yaitu antara 1-5 ekor. Usaha ternak sapi biasanya hanya dijadikan sebagai usaha konvensional oleh peternak di Desa Rabasan, dimana peternak akan menjual sapinya jika sewaktu-waktu mereka membutuhkan biaya yang lebih besar dari biasanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan usaha peternakan konvensional dengan usaha peternakan berbasis manajemen penggemukan sapi di Desa Rabasan, serta mengetahui perbedaan pendapatan peternak secara konvensional dan manajemen berbasis penggemukan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji beda t-test. Sesuai hasil yang didapat menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pengelolaan antara usaha peternakan konvensional dan usaha peternakan berbasis manajemen penggemukan. Hasil analisis lainnya menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara pendapatan peternak pada usaha peternakan konvensional dengan usaha peternakan berbasis manajemen penggemukan. Kata kunci: Sapi Madura, Usaha Peternakan, Pendapatan.
ANALISIS VARIASI PRODUKTIVITAS USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DI KECAMATAN SOKOBANAH KABUPATEN SAMPANG
Authors: Nurjannah Siti , Hasan Fuad 
Published: May 2022

Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang tidak memiliki komoditas pengganti sehingga permintaannya tinggi. Salah satu kecamatan yang menghasilkan produksi bawang merah paling besar di Kabupaten Sampang yaitu Kecamatan Sokobanah. Akan tetapi berdasarkan data pra survey hasil produktivitas bawang merah di Kecamatan Sokobanah masih di bawah potensi produksi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas usahatani bawang merah, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi alokasi penggunaan input. Metode penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sebanyak 30 responden. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu regresi linier berganda dan MANOVA. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas usahatani bawang merah yaitu pupuk organik, sedangkan variabel tenaga kerja, benih, pupuk anorganik, pestisida dan dummy varietas benih tidak berpengaruh. Sedangkan dalam alokasi penggunaan input, variabel perilaku petani terhadap risiko, pengalaman dan dummy akses modal tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan. Kata kunci: Bawang Merah, Produktivitas, Input
Tunnel Concealed Karst Cave Joint Detection by Tunnel Seismic and Transient Electromagnetic
Authors: Lu Xinglin , Hu Xuquan , Xu Zhengyu , Liao Xian , Liu Longhuan , Fu Zhihong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The water-rich giant karst cave is the risk source of tunnel construction in the karst area. To reduce the risk of tunnel construction, it is necessary to accurately explore the spatial distribution range of the karst cave in the direction of advance and both sides of the tunnel. Reflection seismic and transient electromagnetic (TEM) are the primary geophysical tools for tunnel advanced prediction; they have strengths and weaknesses. The tunnel seismic can only describe the boundary interface between cave bodies and surrounding rock in the direction of advance. Although the TEM method can detect the spatial distribution range of cave bodies, the inversion results depend on the initial resistivity model. The single method is insufficient to describe the spatial distribution of cave bodies. To overcome the shortcoming of a single method, we developed tunnel seismic and TEM joint detection of karst cavern and established a complete data processing flow. The tunnel seismic migration profiles can describe the interface between the karst cave and surrounding rock in the direction of advance. We put forward a reasonable initial model: (1) the layer’s thicknesses are determined by the impedance interface from the tunnel migration data; (2) the initial resistivity values are determined from the pilot hole and prior geological data. Comparison of the inversion results of different initial models of tunnel face horizontal line data proves that the proposed initial model method can reduce multisolution, save calculation time, and improve inversion accuracy. The multidirectional TEM inversion profiles can describe the spatial distribution of the giant cave. Combined with the results of tunnel seismic and TEM, the interpretation errors can be reduced and the extension of the karst cave can be delineated. Later excavation results also verify the accuracy of the prediction results.
Dexmedetomidine - Oxycodone Combination for Conscious Sedation during Colonoscopy in Obese Patients: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Xinran , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Manman , Zhou Meiyan , Han Sun , Zhang Rui , Ahmad Niall , Shi Rongxia , Zhu Yangzi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
What Is Known and Objective: Obesity is a risk factor for sedation related respiratory depression during colonoscopy. Propofol has potent sedative and hypnotic effects and has been widely used in colonoscopy. However, propofol is associated with marked respiratory depression. The objective of this trial was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of dexmedetomidine plus oxycodone for conscious sedation during colonoscopy in obese patients. Methods: A total of 138 patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomly assigned into one of two groups: group Dex+oxy received sedation with dexmedetomidine plus oxycodone; while group Pro+oxy received anaesthesia with propofol plus oxycodone. Parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, blood oxygen saturation, injection pain, and recovery were recorded for both groups. Results: The incidence of hypoxaemia was significantly reduced in group Dex+oxy compared with group Pro+ oxy (4.9% vs 20.3%, P = 0.011). Blood pressure was significantly increased, and heart rate was reduced in group Dex+oxy compared with group Pro+ oxy (P < 0.05). Moreover, the caecal insertion time, recovery time to orientation, and recovery time to walking were significantly reduced in group Dex+oxy compared with group Pro+ oxy (P < 0.05). Endoscopist satisfaction scores were significantly higher in group Dex+oxy compared with group Pro+ oxy (P = 0.042). What Is New and Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine plus oxycodone provides effective sedation with minimal adverse effects for obese patients, while also reducing colonoscopy operation difficulty by allowing obese patients to reposition. Thus, dexmedetomidine plus oxycodone could be used safely as a conscious sedation method for colonoscopy in obese patients.Trial registration: The protocol was registered at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1800017283, 21/07/2018)
Diacerein versus chondroitin sulfate in treatment of adult Kashin-Beck Disease: an intervention trial in Heilongjiang Province, China
Authors: Sun Liyan , Wu Xianhao , Jia Jinjing , Shi Tongkun , Wang Fenghua , Zhang Xin , Jiao Zhe , Cheng Luyang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a kind of rare disease and currently only spread across 13 provinces from southwest to northeast China, including Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang and so on. The aim of this trial was to evaluate and compare therapeutic effects of diacerein and chondroitin sulfate on adult KBD. Methods: Total 308 KBD patients were divided into two groups that received chondroitin sulphate (Group A) and diacerein (Group B) for 24 weeks. Data were collected at 0 (baseline), 12 (primary end point) and 24 weeks (secondary end point) to calculate the proportion of patients with effective therapeutic effect and overall improvement rate (primary efficacy parameters), WOMAC pain and stiffness scores (secondary efficacy parameters). Blood sample was collected to measure liver and renal function indexes. Results: Two primary efficacy parameters in group B at primary end point were significantly higher than those in group A (P=0.021, P=0.007), but no statistical differences were seen in these two primary efficacy parameters between two groups at secondary end point or between primary and secondary end points in same group (all P>0.05). In both groups, with the prolongation of treatment time, WOMAC pain and stiffness scores decreased significantly (all P<0.001), but no significant differences were seen between primary and secondary end points (all P>0.05). In addition, in both groups, the occurrences of total adverse events were relatively low and no side effect on liver function was seen. Diacerein also had no side effect on renal function. Conclusion: For treatment of adult KBD, both diacerein and chondroitin sulfate were effective, and diacerein might be effective and stronger than chondroitin sulfate. Taking into account both efficacy and safety, the optimal intervention time of diacerein for adult KBD patients was 12 weeks.
The effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs. gastric bypass in circulating adiponectin, testosterone and their associations with carotid intima-media thickness in men.
Authors: Cobeta Pilar , Pariente Roberto , Osorio Alvaro , Gómez-Martin Jesús M. , Cuadrado-Ayuso Marta , Pestaña David , Galindo Julio , Botella-Carretero José I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Obesity increases cardiovascular risk in men through several pathophysiological mechanisms. Among them, low adiponectin (APN) and possibly obesity-associated hypogonadism have been described. As obesity surgery is a proven therapy to decrease cardiovascular risk, we aimed to study the association of the latter with changes in circulating adiponectin by comparing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Methods: We included 60 men, 20 submitted to RYGB, 20 to SG, and 20 to life-style modification (controls). Serum APN, total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured at baseline and six months after surgery. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measured by ultrasonography. Results: Circulating APN increased after both surgical techniques, whereas no changes were observed in controls (P<0.001 for the interaction, P=0.005 for RYGB vs. controls, P=0.001 for SG vs. controls, P=0.695 for RYGB vs. SG). The increase in APN correlated positively with TT (r=0.518, P<0.001) and FT (r=0.320, P=0.013) and inversely with cIMT (r=-0.283, P=0.028). The increase in TT and FT inversely correlated with changes in cIMT (r=-0.428, P=0.010 and r=-0.269, P=0.038). After multivariate linear regression only weight loss was associated with cIMT (R2=0.245, P<0.001).Conclusions: Both RYGB and SG induced a similar increase in APN in men which paralleled TT, FT and SHBG. The decrease in cIMT after surgery inversely correlated with APN but was mainly associated with weight loss.
Reduction of effective material loss (EML) using decagonal photonic crystal fiber (D-PCF) for communication applications in the terahertz wave pulse
Authors: Hossain Selim , Sen Shuvo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present an excellent design of five layers of decagonal shape in the cladding area and two elliptical shapes of core area based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) for many types of communiqué arenas in the THz wave pulse in this study. The Finite Element (FEM) method with perfectly matched layers (PML) used the optical parameters of our proposed D-PCF structure numerically to design and analyze. Therefore, D-PCF shows a low effective material loss (EML) of 0.0079 cm−1, an increase in effective area (EA) of 3.49×10-8 m2, a core power fraction of 85%, a low confinement and scattering loss, such as3.35×10-16 dB/m and 1.27×10-10 dB/km respectively at 1 THz of frequency respectively. After analyses all the graphical results, our proposed D-PCF will be highly suitable for communiqué parts in the THz regions.
Patient-Friendly Extemporaneous Formulation of Bisoprolol: Application to Stability and Bioavailability Studies
Authors: Helmy Sally , El-Masry Soha M. , Mazyed Eman A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Community and hospital pharmacists are always face the challenge to prepare oral liquid extemporaneous formulations to fit the needs of a specific patient population when commercial forms or the required strength are unavailable.
Aim
This study was performed to prepare a stable patient-friendly oral liquid extemporaneous formulations of bisoprolol.
Method
Eight different extemporaneous formulations were prepared using various suspending agent(s). The in vitro dissolution of all extemporaneous formulations was examined. A comprehensive accelerated stability study was carried out to evaluate the adequate beyond-use date of the most optimized extemporaneous formulation. A validated UPLC method was used for the analysis and quantification of bisoprolol in the accelerated stability and bioavailability studies. A group of eight healthy volunteers was enrolled in a two-way cross-over experimental design to study the bioavailability of the most optimized extemporaneous formulation. The pharmacokinetic parameters of bisoprolol were estimated.
Results
Extemporaneous suspension contain 0.5% w/v xanthan gum was easily prepared with a simple, natural, safe, sugar free excipients. It achieved the best dissolution behavior among other extemporaneous suspensions. It was an easily pourable viscous suspension with no sedimentation. At least 98% of the initial concentration of bisoprolol remained throughout the 6-month study period in the selected suspension regardless of the storage conditions. There was no perceptible change in color, odor or taste, and no noticeable microbial growth was observed in any sample. The selected formulation was bioequivalent to the commercial tablet in terms of the rate and extent of absorption.
Conclusion
This research may be of great help during development of appropriate extemporaneous formulation of bisoprolol fumarate. The simple preparation method could be utilized to draw up a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) easy to use by different types of pharmacy settings.