bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial cell membrane cholesterol content regulates the contribution of TRPV4 channels in ACh‐induced vasodilation in rat gracilis arteries
Authors: Morin Emily E. , Salbato Sophia , Walker Benjimen R. , Naik Jay S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveOur previous work demonstrated that endothelial cell (EC) membrane cholesterol is reduced following 48 h of chronic hypoxia (CH). CH couples endothelial transient receptor potential subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) channels to muscarinic receptor signaling through an endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) pathway does not present in control animals. TRVPV4 channel activity has been shown to be regulated by membrane cholesterol. Hence, we hypothesize that acute manipulation of endothelial cell membrane cholesterol inversely determines the contribution of TRPV4 channels to endothelium‐dependent vasodilation.MethodsMale Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to ambient atmospheric (atm.) pressure or 48‐h of hypoxia (0.5 atm). Vasodilation to acetylcholine (ACh) was determined using pressure myography in gracilis arteries. EC membrane cholesterol was depleted using methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MβCD) and supplemented with MβCD‐cholesterol.ResultsInhibiting TRPV4 did not affect ACh‐induced vasodilation in normoxic controls. However, TRPV4 inhibition reduced resting diameter in control arteries suggesting basal activity. TRPV4 contributes to ACh‐induced vasodilation in these arteries when EC membrane cholesterol is depleted. Inhibiting TRPV4 attenuated ACh‐induced vasodilation in arteries from CH animals that exhibit lower EC membrane cholesterol than normoxic controls. EC cholesterol repletion in arteries from CH animals abolished the contribution of TRPV4 to ACh‐induced vasodilation.ConclusionEndothelial cell membrane cholesterol impedes the contribution of TRPV4 channels in EDH‐mediated dilation. These results provide additional evidence for the importance of plasma membrane cholesterol content in regulating intracellular signaling and vascular function.
Effect of the snake venom component crotamine on lymphatic endothelial cell responses and lymph transport
Authors: Si Hongjiang , Yin Chunhiu , Wang Wei , Davies Peter , Sanchez Elda , Suntravat Montamas , Zawieja David , Cromer Walter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe pathology of snake envenomation is closely tied to the severity of edema in the tissue surrounding the area of the bite. Elucidating the mechanisms that promote the development of such severe edema is critical to a better understanding of how to treat this life‐threatening injury. We focused on one of the most abundant venom components in North American viper venom, crotamine, and the effects it has on the cells and function of the lymphatic system.MethodsWe used RT‐PCR to identify the location and relative abundance of crotamine's cellular targets (Kvα channels) within the tissues and cells of the lymphatic system. We used calcium flux, nitrate production, and cell morphometry to determine the effects of crotamine on lymphatic endothelial cells. We used tracer transport, node morphometry, and node deposition to determine the effects of crotamine on lymph transport in vivo.ResultsWe found that genes that encode targets of crotamine are highly present in lymphatic tissues and cells and that there is a differential distribution of those genes that correlates with phasic contractile activity. We found that crotamine potentiates calcium flux in human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells in response to stimulation with histamine and sheer stress (but not alone) and that it alters the production of nitric oxide in response to shear as well as changes the level of F‐actin polymerization of those same cells. Crotamine alters lymphatic transport of large molecular weight tracers to local lymph nodes and is deposited within the node mostly in the immediate subcapsular region.ConclusionThis evidence suggests that snake venom components may have an impact on the function of the lymphatic system. This needs to be studied in greater detail as there are numerous venom components that may have effects on aspects of the lymphatic system. This would not only provide basic information on the pathobiology of snakebite but also provide targets for improved therapeutics to treat snakebite.
Craniofacial microsomia – more than a structural malformation
Authors: Kuu‐Karkku Louhi , Suominen Auli , Svedström‐Oristo Anna‐Liisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo analyse the prevalence and distribution of craniofacial microsomia (CFM) cases in Finland and their most frequent comorbidities. The second aim was to analyse the patients' need for specialized healthcare services.Materials and methodsData were gathered from two complementary registers: The Register of Congenital Malformations and the Care Register for Social Welfare and Health Care (Hilmo) of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL).ResultsThe prevalence of CFM patients in Finland was 1:10 057. They were evenly distributed across the five university hospital districts. Their most frequently used ICD‐10 diagnosis codes were F40‐48 (Neurotic, stress‐related and somatoform disorders), 60% of patients in adolescent and adult psychiatry; Q67.0 (Facial asymmetry), 43% in plastic surgery; Z00.4 (General psychiatric examination, not elsewhere classified), 31% in child psychiatry; Z31.5 (Genetic counselling), 28% in clinical genetics and Q67.40 (Other congenital deformities of the skull, face and jaw, Hemifacial atrophy), 18% in dental, oral and maxillofacial diseases. Of the patients, 70% had had visits in clinical genetics, 60% in plastic surgery, 41% in dental, oral and maxillofacial diseases, 28% in adolescent/adult psychiatry and 21% in child psychiatry. The majority of the patients' plastic surgery visits were concentrated in one university hospital. Other services were mainly provided by patients' own hospital districts.ConclusionsEven though the majority of CFM patients' visits in specialized healthcare services are related to correction of facial asymmetry and ear malformations, the obvious need for psychiatric care was apparent in all age groups.
The utility of laboratory testing for pediatric patients undergoing isotretinoin treatment
Authors: Parthasarathy Varsha , Shah Nidhi , Kirkorian Anna Yasmine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIsotretinoin, the most effective treatment for severe cystic acne, involves laboratory monitoring. In this retrospective case series of 130 pediatric patients taking isotretinoin, there were significant increases in cholesterol (143.9 mg/dl to 155.3 mg/dl), triglycerides (81.8 mg/dl to 115.2 mg/dl), and low‐density lipoprotein (82.0 mg/dl to 98.1 mg/dl), and a decrease in high‐density lipoprotein (50.0 mg/dl to 44.7 mg/dl) from baseline to follow‐up (p < .05); there were no significant changes in liver enzymes. None of the patients had clinical sequelae (triglyceride‐induced pancreatitis, retinoid‐induced hepatotoxicity) related to their abnormal lab values. These findings question the utility of laboratory monitoring for prevention of severe clinical sequelae in pediatric patients, and suggest testing based on individualized risk factors may be more appropriate.
Auricular leishmaniasis in a child successfully treated with intralesional amphotericin B
Authors: Diociaiuti Andrea , Giancristoforo Simona , Calò Carducci Francesca Ippolita , Bracaglia Claudia , Boni Alessandra , Pane Stefania , Onetti Muda Andrea , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Putignani Lorenza , El Hachem May 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most frequent form of leishmaniasis. The auricle is an extremely rare site for CL in the Old World. Auricular CL may be mistaken for other entities, such as relapsing polychondritis (RP). Here we report a pediatric case of Old World auricular CL mimicking RP in a child successfully treated with intralesional liposomal amphotericin B.
The comparison of three different acute kidney injury classification systems after congenital heart surgery
Authors: Ozcanoglu Hatice Dilek , Öztürk Erkut , Tanıdır İbrahim Cansaran , Şahin Gulhan Tunca , Ozalp Serife , Yıldız Okan , Özcan Funda Gümüş , Hatemi Alican 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare the frequency of acute kidney injury (AKI) and its effects on mortality and morbidity with different classification systems in pediatric patients who had surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart disease.MethodsThis study included children younger than 18 years old who were followed up in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit between September 1 and December 1, 2020, after congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Each case was categorized postoperatively in terms of AKI using Pediatric‐Modified Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End‐Stage (pRIFLE), Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Hospital mortality (developed within the first 30 days postoperatively) and morbidity (longer than 7 days intensive care unit stay) were compared by three model classes. Results were evaluated statistically.ResultsOne hundred patients were included in the study. The median age was 3 months (1 day‐180 months). Acute kidney injury was diagnosed in 49% of the cases according to the pRIFLE classification. It was diagnosed in 31% of the patients by AKIN classification. It was diagnosed in 41% of the patients with the KDIGO criteria. Morbidity was observed in 25% (n = 25) of all cases. The morbidity predictor was 0.800 for pRIFLE, 0.747 for AKIN and 0.853 for KDIGO by receiver operating characteristics analysis. All three categories predicted morbidity significantly (P < 0.001). Mortality was 10% (n = 10) for all groups. The mortality predictor was 0.783 for pRIFLE, 0.717 for AKIN and 0.794 for KDIGO by receiver operating characteristics analysis, and all three categories predicted mortality significantly (P < 0.001).ConclusionsRegardless of the three methods used, AKI was commonly detected in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery. pRIFLE classification diagnosed more patients with AKI than AKIN and KDIGO. The KDIGO and pRIFLE classifications were better in predicting hospital mortality.
Chromatin openness of donor cells is directly correlated with the in vitro developmental capabilities of cloned buffalo embryos
Authors: Ren Xuan , She Chun , Huang Shihai , Yang Ting , Tong Yi , Yuan Xi , Shi Deshun , Li Xiangping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Switch/sucrose nonfermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodelling complex is closely related to chromatin openness and gene transcriptional activity. To understand if the chromatin openness of donor cells was related to the development efficiency of somatic cell cloning embryos, two buffalo fetal fibroblasts (BFF), BFF1 and BFF3, with significantly different cloned blastocyst development rates (18.4% and 30.9% respectively), were selected in this study. The expression of SWI/SNF complex genes, chromatin openness, and transcript level of these two cell lines were analysed, and the effect of ATP on the expression of the SWI/SNF complex genes was further explored. The results showed that compared with BFF1, the expression of SWI/SNF complex family genes was higher in BFF3 at the G0/G1 phase, where SMARCC1, SMARCC2 and SMARCE1 were significantly different (p < .05). Assay of Transposase Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC‐seq) results showed that, at the genome‐wide level, BFF3 had more open chromatin, especially which having more open chromatin peaks at SMARCA4, SMARCA2, and RBPMS2 (RNA Binding Protein, mRNA Processing Factor 2) sites. In total, 2,712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the RNA‐Seq method, with 1380 up‐ and 1332 down‐regulated genes in BFF3. Interestingly, the ATPase‐related genes ATP1B1 and ATP11A were extreme significantly up‐regulated in BFF3 (p < .01). The ATP content and the expression of SWI/SNF complex genes in both BFF1 and BFF3 decreased when treated with rotenone. The above results demonstrated that the SWI/SNF complex contributed to chromatin opening, and chromatin opening of donor cells was essential for cloned embryo development.
Between technocracy and politics: How financial stability committees shape precautionary interventions in real estate markets
Authors: Thiemann Matthias , Stellinga Bart 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImplementing precautionary measures that have obvious distributional consequences today but often only invisible future benefits is politically difficult. It requires that policymakers reconcile technocratic expertise with political consent. This paper traces attempts to enact such measures, focusing on countercyclical policies to limit the systemic risks of housing booms as proposed by financial stability committees in Germany, France, and the Netherlands from 2015 onwards. These committees bring together technocrats and political authorities in order to overcome the inaction bias inherent to these measures, seeking to forge both epistemic and political consensus on the need for action. We find that the work of these committees is characterized by lengthy processes of consensus‐building, during which technocrats amass evidence and search for politically acceptable solutions. We argue that whether this leads to meaningful steps crucially depends on the committee's institutional set‐up. What particularly matters is its capacity to engage the Ministry of Finance in binding discussions and the governance arrangements for the activation of precautionary instruments, which shape whether a shared framing of the problem and appropriate response emerges.
Producing ratio measures of effect with quantitative microbial risk assessment
Authors: Capone Drew , Bivins Aaron , Brown Joe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEstimating the risk of infections or other outcomes incident to pathogen exposure is a primary goal of quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). Such estimates are useful to predict population‐level risks, to evaluate exposures based on normative or tolerable risk guidelines, and to interpret the likely public health relevance of microbial measurements in environmental media. To evaluate alternative control measures (interventions), ratio estimates of effect (e.g., odds and risk ratios) are needed that are more broadly interpretable in the health sciences and consistent with convention in epidemiology. In this paper, we propose a general method for estimating widely used ratio measures of effect derived from stochastic QMRA approaches, including the generation of appropriate confidence intervals. Such QMRA‐derived ratios can be used as a basis for evaluating interventions via hypothesis testing and for inclusion in systematic reviews and meta‐analyses in a form consistent with risk estimation approaches commonly used in epidemiology.
Assessing social vulnerability and identifying spatial hotspots of flood risk to inform socially just flood management policy
Authors: Chakraborty Liton , Thistlethwaite Jason , Scott Daniel , Henstra Daniel , Minano Andrea , Rus Horatiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study presents the first nationwide spatial assessment of flood risk to identify social vulnerability and flood exposure hotspots that support policies aimed at protecting high‐risk populations and geographical regions of Canada. The study used a national‐scale flood hazard dataset (pluvial, fluvial, and coastal) to estimate a 1‐in‐100‐year flood exposure of all residential properties across 5721 census tracts. Residential flood exposure data were spatially integrated with a census‐based multidimensional social vulnerability index (SoVI) that included demographic, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic indicators influencing vulnerability. Using Bivariate Local Indicators of Spatial Association (BiLISA) cluster maps, the study identified geographic concentration of flood risk hotspots where high vulnerability coincided with high flood exposure. The results revealed considerable spatial variations in tract‐level social vulnerability and flood exposure. Flood risk hotspots belonged to 410 census tracts, 21 census metropolitan areas, and eight provinces comprising about 1.7 million of the total population and 51% of half‐a‐million residential properties in Canada. Results identify populations and the geographic regions near the core and dense urban areas predominantly occupying those hotspots. Recognizing priority locations is critically important for government interventions and risk mitigation initiatives considering socio‐physical aspects of vulnerability to flooding. Findings reinforce a better understanding of geographic flood‐disadvantaged neighborhoods across Canada, where interventions are required to target preparedness, response, and recovery resources that foster socially just flood management strategies.
Heterogeneous effects of nontariff measures on cross‐border investments: Bilateral firm‐level analysis
Authors: Adarov Amat , Ghodsi Mahdi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe analyze the heterogeneous effects of technical regulations and safety standards embodied in nontariff measures on foreign direct investment using global firm‐level panel data of bilateral cross‐border ownership relationships over the period 2008–2018. We develop a novel measure of time‐varying bilateral ad valorem equivalents of sectoral nontariff measures, which reveals that technical barriers to trade (TBTs) played a much greater role as a trade‐inhibiting factor in comparison with import tariffs and sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures over the period 1996–2018. Estimations using the Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood framework reveal the importance of nontariff measures as a driver of foreign direct investment.
Sitting patterns in cardiovascular disease patients compared with healthy controls and impact of cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: ten Broeke Pam , van Bakel Bram M. A. , Bakker Esmée A. , Beckers Debby G. J. , Geurts Sabine A. E. , Thijssen Dick H. J. , Eijsvogels Thijs M. H. , Bijleveld Erik 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo identify how and when to intervene in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients' sedentary behavior, we moved beyond studying total volume of sitting and examined sitting patterns. By analyzing the timing of stand‐to‐sit and sit‐to‐stand transitions, we compared sitting patterns (a) between CVD patients and healthy controls, and (b) before and after cardiac rehabilitation (CR).MethodsOne hundered twenty nine CVD patients and 117 age‐matched healthy controls continuously wore a tri‐axial thigh‐worn accelerometer for 8 days (>120 000 posture transitions). CVD patients additionally wore the accelerometer directly and 2 months after CR.ResultsWith later time of the day, both CVD patients and healthy controls sat down sooner (i.e., shorter standing episode before sitting down; HR = 1.01, 95% CI [1.011, 1.015]) and remained seated longer (HR = 0.97, CI [0.966, 0.970]). After more previous physical activity, both groups sat down later (HR = 0.97, CI [0.959, 0.977]), and patients remained seated longer (HR = 0.96; CI [0.950, 0.974]). Immediately and 2‐months following CR, patients sat down later (HRpost‐CR = 0.96, CI [0.945, 0.974]; HRfollow‐up = 0.96, CI [0.948, 0.977]) and stood up sooner (HRpost‐CR = 1.04, CI [1.020, 1.051]; HRfollow‐up = 1.03, CI [1.018, 1.050]). These effects were less pronounced with older age, higher BMI, lower sedentary behavior levels, and/or higher physical activity levels at baseline.ConclusionCardiac rehabilitation programs could be optimized by targeting CVD patients' sit‐to‐stand transitions, by focusing on high‐risk moments for prolonged sitting (i.e., in evenings and after higher‐than‐usual physical activity) and attending to the needs of specific patient subgroups.
OsIRO3 negatively regulates Fe homeostasis by repressing the expression of OsIRO2
Authors: Li Chenyang , Li Yang , Xu Peng , Liang Gang 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYIron (Fe) is crucial for crop productivity and quality. However, Fe deficiency is prevalent worldwide, particularly in alkaline soil. Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to withstand Fe‐deficient conditions. Oryza sativa IRON‐RELATED BHLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 3 (OsIRO3/OsbHLH63) has been identified as a negative regulator of Fe deficiency response signaling; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we constructed two iro3 mutants, which developed leaves with necrotic lesions under Fe‐deficient conditions. Loss‐of‐function of OsIRO3 caused upregulation of Fe deficiency‐associated genes in the root. Fe concentration measurements showed that the iro3 mutants had increased shoot Fe concentration only under Fe‐deficient conditions. Further analysis revealed that OsIRO3 directly regulated the expression of IRON‐RELATED BHLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2 (OsIRO2), which encodes a positive regulator of the Fe uptake system. Further investigation demonstrated that OsIRO3 interacted with POSITIVE REGULATOR OF IRON HOMEOSTASIS 1(OsPRI1) and OsPRI2, and. OsIRO3 repressed their transcription activation towards OsIRO2. OsIRO3 contains an EAR motif, which recruits the TOPLESS/TOPLESS‐RELATED (OsTPL/OsTPRs) corepressors. Mutation of the EAR motif attenuated the repression ability of OsIRO3. This work sheds light on the molecular mechanism by which OsIRO3 modulates Fe homeostasis in rice.
The Influence of Affective Priming on the Affective Response During Exercise: A Replication Study
Authors: Timme Sinika , Hutchinson Jasmin , Regorius Anton , Brand Ralf 
Published: June 2022

The affective response during exercise is an important factor for long-term exercise adherence. Pottratz et al. suggested affective priming as a behavioral intervention for the enhancement of exercise-related affect. The present paper aims to replicate and extend upon these findings. We conducted a close replication with 53 participants completing a brisk walking task in two conditions (prime vs. no prime). Affective valence was assessed during exercise, and exercise enjoyment and remembered/forecasted pleasure were assessed postexercise. We could not replicate the findings of Pottratz et al., finding no evidence for positive changes in psychological responses in the priming condition. However, linear mixed models demonstrated significant interindividual differences in how participants responded to priming. These results demonstrate that affective priming during exercise does not work for everyone under every circumstance and, thus, provide an important contribution to the understanding of boundary conditions and moderating factors for priming in exercise psychology.