bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional quality profiles of six microgreens
Authors: Balik Sibel , Elgudayem Farah , Dasgan Hayriye Yildiz , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru , Gruda Nazim S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Globally, one in every four individuals faces a deficiency in essential micronutrients. Harvested early from various vegetables, grains, and herbs, microgreens have rich nutritional profiles that can mitigate nutrient deficiencies. Here, we analyzed six microgreens’ nutritional profiles for broccoli, black radish, red beet, pea, sunflower, and bean. Ascorbic acid content varied widely, from 32.72 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW) in red beet to 80.45 mg/100 g FW in beans. All microgreens exhibited high macro elements (mg/100 g FW), with potassium ranging from 187.07 to 416.05, magnesium from 45.96 to 86.83, calcium from 67.18 to 148.63, and phosphorus from 2.57 to 4.88. They also contained significant microelements (µg/100 g FW), including iron from 524 to 2610, manganese from 176.32 to 350.56, zinc from 31.92 to 129.78, and copper from 458.84 to 956.34. Glucose content surpassed sucrose and fructose, ranging from 0.114 to 0.580 mg/100 g FW. Among organic acids, citric acid was highest in red beet, succinic acid in beans, and fumaric acid in sunflower. Broccoli microgreens had the highest total phenolic content (825.53 mg GA/100 g FW), while beans had the highest total flavonoid content (758.0 mg RU/100 g FW). Black radish microgreens demonstrated the highest antioxidant capacity. Additionally, volatile aromatic compounds were analyzed across the six microgreen species. These findings highlight the nutritional potential of microgreens, advocating for their inclusion in diets to enhance human health. Red beet microgreens were the richest in organic acids, particularly citric acid, and flavonoids, supporting antioxidant activity, while black radish microgreens exhibited the highest DPPH antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. Bean microgreens stood out for their high ascorbic acid content. Sunflower microgreens had the highest levels of calcium and fumaric acid. Broccoli microgreens were abundant in phenolic compounds and contained high concentrations of iron and manganese. Finally, pea microgreens excelled in phosphorus and copper content.
Reliability and validity of a self-developed virtual reality-based test battery for assessing motor skills in sports performance
Authors: Pastel Stefan , Klenk Florian , Bürger Dan , Heilmann Florian , Witte Kerstin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Athletes must master various motor skills for success in their sports. To assess performance and identify areas of improvement, effective sports-motoric tests are essential. Key abilities such as reaction time, jumping, and complex movement coordination are critical. Virtual reality (VR) offers a practical, traditional equipment-free tool for assessment, though new VR-based tests must be evaluated first. We evaluated a self-developed test battery to measure reaction time (drop-bar test), jumping ability (jump and reach test), and parkour execution involving multiple complex motor tasks (with/without a virtual opponent). 32 participants completed these tests twice in real environment (RE) and VR (pre- and post-test). Intraclass correlation coefficients showed high reliability for reaction time in RE (0.858) and VR (0.888), with moderate significant correlations between them (r = .445), suggesting validity. The jump and reach test showed even better reliability (RE: 0.944, VR: 0.886) with strong correlations between RE and VR (r = .838). The parkour test showed lower reliability (x̄ 0.770), particularly for one task, with significant differences between the conditions indicating different behavior in VR. However, the addition of a virtual opponent eliminated these differences. VR appears to be a promising alternative to traditional testing methods, revealing comparable values across conditions.
Design of parallel cascade controller for nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammad Atif 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents an approach to control the temperature of a nonlinear continuous stirred tank reactor (NCSTR) through parallel cascade control structure (PCCS). For the first time, PCCS is used to control the temperature of NCSTR by (1) modelling the dynamic behavior of CSTR with a recirculating jacket heat transfer system into a third order unstable transfer function and (2) using the model matching technique to synthesize the controller parameters. The controller of the secondary loop of PCCS is designed to achieve enhanced regulatory performance whereas, the primary loop controller is designed for better setpoint tracking. The closed loop performance of the proposed method is evaluated by carrying out simulation on the differential equation of the NCSTR and comparing it with other structures such as series cascade control structure (CCS) and parallel control structure (PCS). The response shows that the proposed method provides satisfactory performance in nominal, perturbed and noisy conditions.
Automatic engagement of limbic and prefrontal networks in response to food images reflects distinct information about food hedonics and inhibitory control
Authors: Avery Jason A. , Carrington Madeline , Ingeholm John E. , Darcey Valerie , Simmons W. Kyle , Hall Kevin D. , Martin Alex 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Adaptive regulation of food consumption involves both identifying food as well as evaluating whether it should be eaten, a process that requires assessing relevant properties such as healthfulness and hedonic value. In order to identify how these fine-grained food properties are represented in the brain, we analyzed functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data from 43 participants who viewed images of 36 different foods. A data-driven clustering approach based on Representational Similarity Analysis partitioned food-responsive brain regions into two sub-networks based on their multivariate response to food pictures: a Prefrontal network composed of fronto-parietal brain regions and a Limbic network composed of cortico-limbic and sub-cortical brain regions. Further analysis, using similarity judgments of those foods from a large online sample, revealed that the Prefrontal network predominantly represented information related to food healthfulness or processing, the key factor underlying food similarity. In another imaging task, we found that responses in the Prefrontal network were strongly influenced by judgments of food-related self-control, while the Limbic network responses were more affected by hedonic food judgments. These results suggest that, upon viewing food images, behaviorally relevant information is automatically retrieved from distinct brain networks that act as opponent processes in guiding food consumption.
Active fault‐tolerant control scheme for satellite with four reaction wheels: Multi actuator faults case
Authors: Lee Yong Seok , Nguyen Ngoc Phi , Hong Sung Kyung 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study outlines an approach to design an active fault tolerance control (FTC) system for satellite attitude systems that handle multiple actuator faults. First, a model is provided for the nonlinear attitude system of rigid satellites. Next, an actuator fault detection observer and a fault estimation observer are presented, which detects the time unknown actuator faults that occur and obtains estimated values. Using adaptive sliding mode control techniques, a fault tolerance attitude controller is designed that stabilizes the closed‐loop attitude system of rigid satellites in the case of multiple actuator faults. Finally, an experiment is provided demonstrating the superior performance of the active FTC system proposed in this study.
SmarThor: Digital backbone of the Open Thor Living Lab
Authors: Thoelen Klaas , Dewallef Bart , Singh Rajni , Rynders Luc , Deconinck Geert 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith energy systems becoming increasingly data driven, the need arises for dedicated, long‐term, and stable data‐sharing infrastructures to further facilitate research and innovation. This case study paper presents SmarThor as the digital backbone of the Open Thor Living Lab, an infrastructure environment where research meets industry, citizens and governments to develop, integrate, and test innovative energy solutions in real‐life operational settings. SmarThor is a custom cloud‐based high‐volume time series data‐sharing platform developed at EnergyVille, Belgium. It offers services to monitor and control energy systems within the living lab and provides centralised storage and access to this locally collected data. Additionally, data sets on local energy markets, power grids, and weather conditions are hosted, providing supplementary information on the operational context of the living lab. Currently, the platform contains more than 2500 time series, often spanning multiple years, resulting in over 2 billion data points. The availability of this wide data set via a single platform substantially expedites data analytics and artificial intelligence solutions within the Open Thor Living Lab. This paper presents the needs and requirements for the platform, its architecture and implementation, a selection of use cases, and valuable lessons learnt from developing and hosting the data‐sharing platform.
Kann man nach Krebsbehandlung Tumorzellen im Gewebe durch manuelle Lymphdrainage verteilen?
Authors: Brenner Erich 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungMaligne Tumoren metastasieren häufig lymphogen, was nach der Behandlung ein tumorbedingtes Lymphödem verursachen kann. Die komplexe physikalische Entstauungstherapie (KPE), inklusive manueller Lymphdrainage (MLD), wird oft angewendet, doch besteht die Sorge, dass MLD Tumorzellen mobilisieren könnte.Die Studie umfasst eine Literaturrecherche in PubMed und anderen Quellen sowie eine Metaanalyse von 3 relevanten Studien. Analysiert wurden Daten zur Metastasierung und Rezidivrate unter MLD bei Patienten mit verschiedenen Tumorarten.Die Metaanalyse ergab ein nicht signifikantes Risikoverhältnis (OR=0,81; 95%-KI 0,523–1,256), was nahelegt, dass MLD das Risiko eines Tumorrezidivs oder einer Metastasierung nicht erhöht. Einzelne Studien zeigten positive Effekte von MLD auf Lebensqualität, Beweglichkeit und Schmerzreduktion ohne eine erhöhte Metastasierung. Vorsicht ist bei fortgeschrittenen Tumorstadien wie Lymphangiosis carcinomatosa geboten.MLD stellt kein signifikantes Risiko für eine Tumorverteilung dar und kann bei tumorbedingten Lymphödemen sicher angewendet werden. In speziellen Fällen ist jedoch eine individuelle Abwägung erforderlich.
On the complex hydrogen-bond network structural dynamics of liquid methanol: Chains, rings, bifurcations, and lifetimes
Authors: Blach Sebastian , Forbert Harald , Marx Dominik 
Published: February 2025

Solvation plays a pivotal role in chemistry to effectively steer chemical reactions. While liquid water has been extensively studied, our molecular-level knowledge of other associated liquids capable of forming H-bond networks, such as liquid methanol, remains surprisingly scarce. We use large-scale ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to comprehensively study the structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of bulk methanol under ambient conditions. Methanol is an interesting species in the liquid state since it can only donate one H-bond while a significant fraction accepts two H-bonds, which imprints one-dimensional linear and cyclic H-bonding patterns subject to significant bifurcations. After validation of radial distribution functions and the self-diffusion coefficient with respect to experimental data, we carried out detailed analyses of the H-bond network topology in terms of chain-like, ring-like, and branched H-bonded aggregates, including lifetime assessment. The analysis revealed that nearly all methanol molecules are actively engaged in filamentary H-bonding, predominantly forming branched linear chains with a significant contribution arising from tetrameric to hexameric rings—in stark contrast to the compact three-dimensional H-bond network of water. Five-membered rings turned out to be the most long-lived cyclic structures with an intermittent lifetime of 4 ps, while rings consisting of only three methanol molecules as well as very large cyclic structures are merely transient motifs. Detailed analyses of the effective electric molecular dipoles disclose a pronounced sensitivity of non-additive polarization and charge transfer effects of the individual methanol molecules to the particular H-bond network structure they are a member of, including its topology, be it linear or cyclic.
The novel time-dependent multimode self-consistent nonlinear theory of gyrotron
Authors: Jia Kai , Niu Xinjian , Liu Yinghui , Liu Jianwei , Sun Zongzheng , Li Hongfu 
Published: February 2025

How to quickly and accurately analyze the effect of different modes competing with each other on the beam–wave interaction is an important question in developing gyrotrons. In this paper, a novel time-dependent multimode self-consistent nonlinear theory model is presented to research the mode competition phenomenon in high-frequency structures. This model investigates the electromagnetic field in the resonant cavity using generalized telegrapher’s equations to speed up the computational speed, adopts the waveguide-centered coordinate to represent the electron equations of motion to obtain realistic electron trajectories, and gives the form of the discretized representation of the source term under present conditions. Based on the theoretical model, we have developed the in-house code CESG-2024 to study gyrotron devices. Ultimately, we study the mode competition in a 95 GHz gyrotron utilizing this code, and the simulation results concord with the experimental results, further indicating the theory’s reliability.
Cercospora Leaf Blight and Purple Seed Stain in Soybean: Insights and Challenges with a South American Perspective
Authors: Sautua Francisco José , Pizá María Cecilia Perez , Scandiani Mercedes , Carmona Marcelo Anibal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) and purple seed stain (PSS) are caused by several species of
Cercospora
, including
C
.
kikuchii
and
C
. cf.
flagellaris
. These diseases are prevalent in the world’s top soybean-producing regions, where they can lead to significant yield losses. Management strategies currently rely heavily on fungicide applications, but the development of resistance to common fungicides presents a growing challenge. To address this, there is increasing interest in innovative approaches, such as biofungicides, biostimulants, and plant defence inducers, which could offer more sustainable disease control. This case study examines the impact of CLB and PSS, with a focus on the epidemiological factors contributing to their spread, and explores ongoing research aimed at improving the management of these diseases in soybean production.

Information
© The Authors 2025
Presence of enhanced Pauli spin response and of 6 eV plasmonic excitation in Ni metal
Authors: Bhardwaj Shivani , Sihi Antik , Pandey Sudhir Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We revisit the electronic structure of Nickel (Ni) using the density functional theory (DFT) and dynamical mean-ﬁeld theory (DMFT) for the theoretical description of its electronic structure properties along with ﬁnite-temperature magnetism. Our study provides a comprehensive account of electronic and magnetic properties with the same set of Coulomb interaction parameters, U=5.78 eV and J=1.1 eV calculated using ﬁrst-principles approach. The nature of theoretical magnetization curves obtained from DFT and DFT+DMFT as well as the experimental curve show deviation from the standard models of magnetism, viz Stoner and spin ﬂuctuation model. In comparison to DFT+DMFT method, temperature dependent DFT approach is found to well describe the ﬁnite-temperature magnentization curve of Ni below critical temperature (T 631 K). The study ﬁnds signiﬁcant Pauli-spin susceptibility contribution to paramagnetic spin susceptibility. Excluding the Pauli-spin response yields a linear Curie-Weiss dependence of the inverse paramagnetic susceptibility at higher temperatures. Also, the presence of mixed valence electronic conﬁguration (3d8, 3d9 and 3d7) is noted. The competing degrees of both the itinerant and localized moment picture of 3d states are found to dictate the ﬁnite-temperature magnetization of the system. Furthermore, the quasiparticle scattering rate is found to exhibit strong deviation from T 2 behaviour in temperature leading to the breakdown of conventional Fermi-liquid theory. In addition to the 6 eV satellite, our calculated electronic excitation spectrum shows the possible presence of satellite feature extending $\sim$10 eV binding energy, which has also been reported experimentally. Interestingly, our G0W0 results ﬁnd the presence of plasmonic excitation contribution to the intensity of famous 6 eV satellite along with the electronic correlation eﬀects, paving way for its reinterpretation.&#xD;
Compound fault diagnosis of rolling bearings in variable speed based on adaptive chirp mode decomposition and generalized demodulation
Authors: Zhang XiaoLi , Luo Xin , Xiao Yong , Li Xianyao , Liang Wang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
When rolling bearings work under variable speed conditions and experience compound faults, their vibration signal components become more complex, some of which coexist in a narrow frequency band, and are easy to interfere with each other and coupled together. In some cases, the tachometer cannot or is difficult to install, resulting in insufficient speed information, further increasing the challenge of fault diagnosis. Aiming at the above problem of compound fault diagnosis in variable speed without tachometer , a compound fault diagnosis method of rolling bearings in variable speed based on adaptive chirp decomposition and generalized demodulation is proposed to solve the problem of determining fault components in time-frequency ridges extracted by ridge search algorithm. Firstly, the fast path search algorithm and ridge extraction method are used to fit the rotation frequency equation, and then the instantaneous frequency equation and phase function are obtained by combining the bearing fault characteristic coefficients. Then the signal components and the optimized instantaneous frequency ridge are obtained by adaptive chirp mode decomposition(ACMD) decomposition. Finally, the signal is stabilized by generalized demodulation. The method can optimize the initial instantaneous frequency of the vibration signal, accurately extract the fault characteristic components, and ensure that the time-varying fault characteristic component has a high energy concentration after generalized demodulation, and the result is not interfered by other signal components. Experimental analysis shows that the proposed method can accurately extract the compound fault characteristics of rolling bearings.
VSC-ACGAN: Bearing Fault Diagnosis Model Applied to Imbalanced Samples
Authors: Yang Zhen yu , Mao Runze , ye linchang , Liu Yun , Hu Xiaoxi , Li Yuanjiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The rapid development of deep learning has promoted the application of rolling bearing fault diagnosis techniques. However, in practical applications, the researchers often faces the challenge of a serious imbalance in the proportion of normal and fault states. This imbalance greatly affects the accuracy of diagnosis. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel fault diagnosis framework based on an auxiliary classifier generative adversarial network (ACGAN). Firstly, the stacked contractive autoencoder (SCAE) is cleverly combined with the discriminator network to improve its feature extraction capability and fault diagnosis accuracy. Subsequently, the original algorithm's focus on different types of samples is optimised to improve the generalisation of the diagnostic network. Finally, the stability of the generator network training is optimised with the help of the metric properties of the Kullback-Leibler (KL) scatter, and thus the variational stacked contractive-ACGAN(VSC-ACGAN) model is proposed. The experimental results show that the fault diagnosis accuracy reaches 99.75 with 200 training samples of each class on the Case Western Ruthenian University (CWRU) bearing dataset, which is significantly better than other algorithms. Under the same conditions, on the Jiangnan University (JNU) bearing dataset, the accuracy reaches 99.25, which shows good generalization and provides a broad prospect for future applications.
THE APPLICATION OF THE IMPROVED LOCAL MAXIMUM ITERATIVE SYNCHRONIZING TRANSFORM IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF MECHANICAL FAULTS
Authors: Shi Jianghai , Matthew Dialoke Ejiofor , Zhou Cheng , Cao Hongrui , Lan Hai , Du Minggang , Yang Yang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mechanical equipment functioning in complex settings is regularly affected by time-varying loads, time-varying speeds, transient impacts, and other non-stationary circumstances, which can result in frequent failures. Time-varying loads, time-varying speeds, transient impacts, and other non-stationary situations frequently affect mechanical equipment operating in complex environments, which can lead to frequent failures. An improved local maximum iterative synchrosqueezing transform (ILMISST) method is presented in this paper to diagnose complex mechanical equipment issues. Initially, to generate improved TFR, the iterative instantaneous frequency (IF) estimation operator (ILMISST) is built by combining the local maximum SST (LMSST) and iterative synchrosqueezing transform (ISST) approaches. Following two rounding processes, the iterative IF estimate operator is then assigned to a frequency point to solve the hazy energy problem, sometimes referred to as the non-reassigned points problem, at some designated TF locations. Lastly, research on testing and simulation validates the effectiveness of this method.&#xD;