bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular fractures in aged patients – Challenges in diagnosis
Authors: Kannari Leena , Marttila Emilia , Thorén Hanna , Toivari Miika , Snäll Johanna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsDelayed treatment of a mandibular fracture can lead to complications. Therefore, early diagnosis is important. The aim of this study was to clarify the specific features of mandibular fractures in aged patients and the effect of age on possible missed diagnoses.Material and MethodsPatients aged over 60 years with a recent mandibular fracture were included in the study. The outcome variable was a missed mandibular fracture during the patient's first assessment in the primary health care facility. Predictor variables were age group, categorized as older adults (aged ≥60 and <80 years), elders (aged >80 years), patient's age as a continuous variable and age sub‐group divided into decades. Additional predictor variables were the patient's memory disease and injury associated with intracranial injury. Explanatory variables were gender, injury mechanism, type of mandibular facture, combined other facial fracture, edentulous mandible/maxilla/both, surgical treatment of the mandibular fracture, and scene of injury.ResultsMandibular fractures were missed in 20.0% of the 135 patients during their first healthcare assessment. Significant associations between missed fractures and age group, gender, fracture type, or injury mechanism were not found. By contrast, memory disorder (p = .02) and site of injury (p = .02) were significantly associated with missed fractures. Fractures were missed more frequently in patients who were in hospital or in a nursing home at the time of injury.ConclusionsThere is an increased risk of undiagnosed mandibular fractures in the aged population. Small injury force accidents may cause fractures in old and fragile individuals. Careful examination is necessary, especially in patients with memory disorder.
Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: A summary of the Sixteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVI):II. Drugs in more advanced clinical development
Authors: Bialer Meir , Johannessen Svein I. , Koepp Matthias J. , Levy René H. , Perucca Emilio , Perucca Piero , Tomson Torbjörn , White H. Steve 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Sixteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XVI) was held in Madrid, Spain on May 22–25, 2022 and was attended by 157 delegates from 26 countries representing basic and clinical science, regulatory agencies, and pharmaceutical industries. One day of the conference was dedicated to sessions presenting and discussing investigational compounds under development for the treatment of seizures and epilepsy. The current progress report summarizes recent findings and current knowledge for seven of these compounds in more advanced clinical development for which either novel preclinical or patient data are available. These compounds include bumetanide and its derivatives, darigabat, ganaxolone, lorcaserin, soticlestat, STK‐001, and XEN1101. Of these, ganaxolone was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in March 2022 for the treatment of seizures associated with cyclin‐dependent kinase‐like 5 deficiency disorder in patients 2 years of age and older.
An evolutionary look into the history of lentil reveals unexpected diversity
Authors: Guerra‐Garcia Azalea , Haile Teketel , Ogutcen Ezgi , Bett Kirstin E. , von Wettberg Eric J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe characterization and preservation of genetic variation in crops is critical to meeting the challenges of breeding in the face of changing climates and markets. In recent years, the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has become routine, allowing us to understand the population structure, find divergent lines for crosses, and illuminate the origin of crops. However, the focus on SNPs overlooks other forms of variation, such as copy number variation (CNVs). Lentil is the third most important cold‐season legume and was domesticated in the Fertile Crescent. We genotyped 324 accessions that represent its global diversity, and using both SNPs and CNVs, we dissected the population structure and genetic variation, and identified candidate genes. Eight clusters were detected, most of them located in or near the Fertile Crescent, even though different clusters were present in distinct regions. The cluster from South Asia was particularly differentiated and presented low diversity, contrasting with the clusters from the Mediterranean and the northern temperate. Accessions from North America were mainly assigned to one cluster and were highly diverse, reflecting the efforts of breeding programs to integrate variation. Thirty‐three genes were identified as candidates under selection and among their functions were sporopollenin synthesis in pollen, a component of chlorophyll B reductase that partially determines the antenna size, and two genes related to the import system of chloroplasts. Eleven percent of all lentil genes and 21% of lentil disease resistance genes were affected by CNVs. The gene categories overrepresented in these genes were “enzymes,” “Cell Wall Organization,” and “external stimuli response.” All the genes found in the latter were associated with pathogen response. CNVs provided information about population structure and might have played a role in adaptation. The incorporation of CNVs in diversity studies is needed for a broader understanding of how they evolve and contribute to domestication.
Damage and fracture analyses of wire with V‐shaped microcrack on multi‐pass drawing under back tensions
Authors: Ma Ao , Zhang Yu , Dong Liming , Yan Hua , Fang Feng , Li Zhaoxia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWire breakage has always attracted much attention in drawing. Mastering the mechanism of drawing fracture can effectively improve the quality of steel wire. In this study, the morphology of the fracture samples is analyzed. There are obvious V‐shaped microcracks in the materials by observing the microstructure. Base on the above results, the wire models with V‐shaped microcrack of different inclinations are established via the finite element method (FEM). Besides, the multi‐pass drawing under different back tension is simulated, and the process from crack propagation caused by damage to fracture is realized. The results show that microcrack has a great influence on the drawing fracture, and inclination is a key factor. With the increase of angle, the propagation rate of crack increases accordingly. Meanwhile, back tension will increase the accumulation of damage. The larger the back tension is, the larger the crack path is, which eventually leads to the formation of pen‐tip shaped fracture.
Nitrogen‐based symbioses, phosphorus availability, and accounting for a modern world more productive than the Paleozoic
Authors: Boyce C. Kevin , Ibarra Daniel E. , Nelsen Matthew P. , D'Antonio Michael P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvolution of high‐productivity angiosperms has been regarded as a driver of Mesozoic ecosystem restructuring. However, terrestrial productivity is limited by availability of rock‐derived nutrients such as phosphorus for which permanent increases in weathering would violate mass balance requirements of the long‐term carbon cycle. The potential reality of productivity increases sustained since the Mesozoic is supported here with documentation of a dramatic increase in the evolution of nitrogen‐fixing or nitrogen‐scavenging symbioses, including more than 100 lineages of ectomycorrhizal and lichen‐forming fungi and plants with specialized microbial associations. Given this evidence of broadly increased nitrogen availability, we explore via carbon cycle modeling how enhanced phosphorus availability might be sustained without violating mass balance requirements. Volcanism is the dominant carbon input, dictating peaks in weathering outputs up to twice modern values. However, times of weathering rate suppression may be more important for setting system behavior, and the late Paleozoic was the only extended period over which rates are expected to have remained lower than modern. Modeling results are consistent with terrestrial organic matter deposition that accompanied Paleozoic vascular plant evolution having suppressed weathering fluxes by providing an alternative sink of atmospheric CO2. Suppression would have then been progressively lifted as the crustal reservoir's holding capacity for terrestrial organic matter saturated back toward steady state with deposition of new organic matter balanced by erosion of older organic deposits. Although not an absolute increase, weathering fluxes returning to early Paleozoic conditions would represent a novel regime for the complex land biota that evolved in the interim. Volcanism‐based peaks in Mesozoic weathering far surpass the modern rates that sustain a complex diversity of nitrogen‐based symbioses; only in the late Paleozoic might these ecologies have been suppressed by significantly lower rates. Thus, angiosperms are posited to be another effect rather than proximal cause of Mesozoic upheaval.
Rapid restructuring of the odontocete community in an ocean warming hotspot
Authors: Thorne Lesley H. , Heywood Eleanor I. , Hirtle Nathan O. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCetaceans are important consumers in marine ecosystems, but few studies have quantified their climate responses. The rapid, directional warming occurring in the Northeast United States (NEUS) provides a unique opportunity to assess climate impacts on cetaceans. We used stranding data to examine changes to the distribution and relative abundance of odontocetes from 1996 to 2020 in both the NEUS and the Southeast United States (SEUS), which is not warming. We conducted simulations to determine the number of stranding events needed to detect a distributional shift for each species given the speed of the shift and the spatial variability in strandings. We compared observed shifts to climate velocity. Smaller sample sizes were needed to detect more rapid poleward shifts, particularly for species with low spatial variability. Poleward shifts were observed in all species with sufficient sample sizes, and shifts were faster than predicted by climate velocity. For species whose trailing edge of distribution occurred in the NEUS, the center of distribution approached the northern limit of the NEUS and relative abundance declined through time, suggesting shifts north out of US waters. The relative abundance of warm water species in the stranding record increased significantly in the NEUS while that of cool water species declined significantly as their distributions shifted north out of the NEUS. Changes in the odontocete community were less apparent in the SEUS, highlighting the importance of regional warming. Observed poleward shifts and changes in species composition suggest a reorganization of the odontocete community in the NEUS in response to rapid warming. We suggest that strandings provide a key dataset for understanding climate impacts on cetaceans given limitations of survey effort and modeling approaches for predicting distributions under rapidly changing conditions. Our findings portend marked changes to the distribution of highly mobile consumer species across international boundaries under continued warming.
Transfiguration, not Transhumanism: Suffering as Human Enhancement
Authors: Kornu Kimbell 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTranshumanism seeks to transgress the human, regarding finitude and suffering to be fundamental problems that must be overcome by radical bioenhancement technologies. Christianity and transhumanism have been compared as competing deifications via grace and technology, respectively. I argue that the grace of deification is partly accomplished in union with Christ by way of suffering unto divine filiation. First, I explore how the grace of deification is accomplished through suffering, looking at Maximus the Confessor’s dyothelitism. Christ in Gethsemane expresses the fulfilment of divine filiation, aligning Christ’s human will with the divine will. Second, I examine deification in light of Luther’s theologia crucis and how suffering leads to ‘Christosis’. A human’s divine mode of existing is filial and cruciform and thus Christoform. Third, I look at deification and Augustine’s totus Christus. The Church is transfigured into Christoformity as the members of the body suffer with one another in compassion. Taken together, dyothelitism critiques transhumanist exaltation of the will, theologia crucis critiques transhumanist power ontology, and totus Christus as shared suffering critiques transhumanist individualism. I conclude that suffering is transfigured: suffering, not transhumanism, is the way to true human enhancement.
Clinicopathological characteristics of gastric IgG4‐related disease: Systematic scoping review
Authors: Sawada Haruki , Czech Torrey , Silangcruz Krixie , Kozai Landon , Obeidat Adham , Wien Eric Andrew , Nishimura Midori Filiz , Nishikori Asami , Sato Yasuharu , Nishimura Yoshito 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimGastric IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) can mimic malignancy, submucosal tumors (SMT), and ulcers, leading to over‐triage and unnecessary medical interventions such as gastrectomy. The variability in the clinicopathological presentation of IgG4‐related disease is not yet well defined, posing a diagnostic challenge.MethodsFollowing the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, we searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for all peer‐reviewed articles using keywords including “gastritis,” “stomach,” “gastrointestinal stromal tumor,” and “IgG4‐RD” from their inception to December 28, 2021.ResultsThirty‐nine articles, including 2 observational studies and 42 cases, were included in the systematic review. While bottom‐heavy lymphoplasmacytic mucosal infiltration is a characteristic finding of gastric IgG4‐RD, it was only present in less than half of the patients in the observational studies. Patients with gastric IgG4‐RD were more likely to be diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), gastric cancer, or peptic ulcer disease and their clinical course involved resection (51.3%) or even gastrectomy. Diagnosis of gastric IgG4‐RD was most frequently made by post‐operative pathological analysis.ConclusionThis systematic review summarizes the current understanding of the characteristics of gastric IgG4‐RD. Increased awareness of gastric IgG4‐RD as a differential diagnosis of gastric SMT or ulcers among clinicians is crucial in order to reduce unnecessary high‐risk, invasive interventions.
Co‐benefits analysis of industrial symbiosis in China's key industries: Case of steel, cement, and power industries
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xiang Ting , Zhang Wei , Wang Heming , An Jing , Li Xiuping , Xue Bing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccelerating the construction of ecological civilization in the industrial field and guiding the transformation of industry toward a green direction have become a national development strategy. Promoting the coordinated development of energy‐intensive industries such as steel, cement, and power is a key breakthrough in achieving the green transformation of various industries. This study has designed a steel–cement–power polygeneration system with the collaborative utilization of solid waste resources as the ecological link point. Four scenarios, including business‐as‐usual, optimization of product structure, low‐carbon technology application, and policy advancement (PAD), were established to assess the overall energy‐saving and emissions reduction potential of the steel–cement–power polygeneration system from 2015 to 2050. The results show that product structure adjustment and industrial symbiosis have a significant impact on energy saving and emission reduction of key industries. In 2050, the total energy consumption and carbon emissions of the polygeneration system could reach 38,697.64 PJ and 3766.73 Mt CO2. Based on the scenario analysis, the production and use of solid waste in the polygeneration system and the economic benefits are also discussed. Under the PAD scenario, by 2050, the proportion of fly ash as cement raw material will increase to 41%, while the supply of blast furnace slag may be insufficient, and the comprehensive utilization of solid waste can bring economic benefits of 238.32 billion Yuan to the system.
Biological determinants of blood‐based cytokines in the Alzheimer's disease clinical continuum
Authors: Galgani Alessandro , Vergallo Andrea , Campese Nicole , Lombardo Francesco , Pavese Nicola , Petrozzi Lucia , LoGerfo Annalisa , Franzini Maria , Cecchetti Denise , Puglisi‐Allegra Stefano , Busceti Carla L. , Siciliano Gabriele , Tognoni Gloria , Baldacci Filippo , Lista Simone , Hampel Harald , Fornai Francesco , Giorgi Filippo S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConverging translational and clinical research strongly indicates that altered immune and inflammatory homeostasis (neuroinflammation) plays a critical pathophysiological role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), across the clinical continuum. A dualistic role of neuroinflammation may account for a complex biological phenomenon, representing a potential pharmacological target. Emerging blood‐based pathophysiological biomarkers, such as cytokines (Cyt) and interleukins (ILs), have been studied as indicators of neuroinflammation in AD. However, inconsistent results have been reported probably due to a lack of standardization of assays with methodological and analytical differences. We used machine‐learning and a cross‐validation‐based statical workflow to explore and analyze the potential impact of key biological factors, such as age, sex, and apolipoprotein‐E (APOE) genotype (the major genetic risk factor for late‐onset AD) on Cyt. A set of Cyt was selected based on previous literature, and we investigated any potential association in a pooled cohort of cognitively healthy, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD‐like dementia patients. We also performed explorative analyses to extrapolate preliminary clinical insights. We found a robust sex effect on IL12 and an APOE‐related difference in IL10, with the latter being also related to the presence of advanced cognitive decline. IL1β was the variable most significantly associated with MCI‐to‐dementia conversion over a 2.5 year‐clinical follow‐up. Although preliminary, our data support further clinical research to understand whether plasma Cyt may represent reliable and noninvasive tools serving the investigation of neuroimmune and inflammatory dynamics in AD and to foster biomarker‐guided pathway‐based therapeutic approaches, within the precision medicine development framework.image
Beyond transparency: more‐than‐human insights into the emergence of young children's language
Authors: Hackett Abigail 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper draws on 3 years of ethnographic research with young children and their families in a northern English town, employing a more‐than‐human lens to pay attention to what, beyond humans, might be involved in the emergence of children's literacies. The paper focuses on the role of the body and place in the emergence of young children's vocalisations and talk. In particular, the paper rethinks the dominant assumption that children's language is primarily for the purpose of transparently conveying meaning. It does this by drawing on posthuman and decolonial scholarship on childhood and language, and particularly on the work of Glissant on opacity and difference, in order to interrogate the relationship between expression, understanding and power. Thus, the paper outlines how an understanding of the relationship between body, place and talk might inform pedagogy by highlighting the need for space to embrace divergent, complicated, irrational, playful and non‐functional language practices in early childhood, rather than looking for rapid, straight line development.
Predictors of faculty narrative evaluation quality in medical school clerkships
Authors: Mooney Christopher J. , Pascoe Jennifer M. , Blatt Amy E. , Lang Valerie J. , Kelly Michael S. , Braun Melanie K. , Burch Jaclyn E. , Stone Robert Thompson 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionNarrative approaches to assessment provide meaningful and valid representations of trainee performance. Yet, narratives are frequently perceived as vague, nonspecific and low quality. To date, there is little research examining factors associated with narrative evaluation quality, particularly in undergraduate medical education. The purpose of this study was to examine associations of faculty‐ and student‐level characteristics with the quality of faculty member's narrative evaluations of clerkship students.MethodsThe authors reviewed faculty narrative evaluations of 50 students' clinical performance in their inpatient medicine and neurology clerkships, resulting in 165 and 87 unique evaluations in the respective clerkships. The authors evaluated narrative quality using the Narrative Evaluation Quality Instrument (NEQI). The authors used linear mixed effects modelling to predict total NEQI score. Explanatory covariates included the following: time to evaluation completion, number of weeks spent with student, faculty total weeks on service per year, total faculty years in clinical education, student gender, faculty gender, and an interaction term between student and faculty gender.ResultsSignificantly higher narrative evaluation quality was associated with a shorter time to evaluation completion, with NEQI scores decreasing by approximately 0.3 points every 10 days following students' rotations (p = .004). Additionally, women faculty had statistically higher quality narrative evaluations with NEQI scores 1.92 points greater than men faculty (p = .012). All other covariates were not significant.ConclusionsThe quality of faculty members' narrative evaluations of medical students was associated with time to evaluation completion and faculty gender but not faculty experience in clinical education, faculty weeks on service, or the amount of time spent with students. Findings advance understanding on ways to improve the quality of narrative evaluations which are imperative given assessment models that will increase the volume and reliance on narratives.
Regulation of immune complex formation and signalling by FERONIA, a busy goddess in plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Duan Zhikun , Liu Wei , Li Kaiwen , Duan Wenwen , Zhu Shengwei , Xing Jingjing , Chen Tong , Luo Xiaomin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBeing sessile in soil, plant cells rely on cell‐surface receptors to sense and transduce environmental stimulus signals into intracellular responses. FERONIA (FER), a Catharanthus roseus receptor‐like kinase 1‐like protein, has emerged as a versatile regulator of plant growth, development, and stress responses. In recent years, accumulating studies have witnessed rapid advances in dissecting the mechanisms underlying the interaction between FER and its partners in response to pathogen invasion, particularly regulation of immune complex formation and signalling. Moreover, hormonal signalling, rhizosphere microbiota and other constituents are also extensively involved in these processes.