bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency evaluation of oil flax cultivation under different methods of herbicide application
Authors: Bushnev A S , Podlesny S P , Orekhov G I , Mamyrko Yu V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents long-term research (2018-2020) on the effect of herbicide tank mixtures Herbitox, SC (1.0 l/ha) and Miura, EC (1.2 l/ha); Cleo, WDG (0.12 kg/ha) and Miura, EC (1.2 l/ha), as well as of the separate application of these preparations on the productivity of oil flax (variety FLIZ of the breeding of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops) in the zone of unstable moistening on leached chernozem of the Western Ciscaucasia. We established that on average for three years, in case of treatment of oil flax with a tank mixture of herbicides Herbitox, SC (1.0 l/ha) and Miura, EC (1.2 l/ha); Cleo, WDG (0.12 kg/ha) and Miura, EC (1.2 l/ha), we got higher yields compared to their separate application – 1.39 and 1.37 t/ha, respectively, oil yield – 0.55 t/ha; there was high net income of 21629 and 21004 rub/ha with a profitability of 80 and 78 %, respectively.
Bacterial luminescent biosensors in the system for assessing the mechanisms of antibacterial activity of carbon-based nanomaterials
Authors: Vlasenko L V , Nechitailo K S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The study presents the results of an analysis of possible mechanisms of antibacterial activity of nanocarbon compounds. It was found that the contact of carbon-based nanomaterials with bacterial cells is not accompanied by a violation of their structural integrity and the development of various types of stress (oxidative stress, reaction of the protein-chaperone system, SOS response). The result of this interaction is a change in the magnitude of the surface zeta potential of cells and the permeability of their membrane, which negatively affects the energy processes occurring in target cells. The direct manifestation of this condition is a decrease in the level of luminescence of luminescent strains and a loss of viability.
Influence of elements of cultivation technology on yield and grain quality of winter triticale in the conditions of the Urals
Authors: Sukhanberdina L Kh , Tulegenova D K , Kaliyeva L T , Turbayev A Zh , Mussina M K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of experimental studies to identify the optimal sowing dates and seeding rates for seeds of winter triticale varieties. Grain yield indicators at different sowing dates and seeding rates for 2019-2020 indicate that 2020 was more favorable for the formation of high productivity of winter triticale. Analysis of two-year data on the productivity of winter triticale varieties showed that with a late sowing period (September 15), a decrease in productivity is observed. The use of an increased seeding rate leads to an increase in the density of the productive stalk, with a simultaneous decrease in the mass of grain in the ear and the grain content in the ear. Favorable conditions were created for plants of the first (August 25) and second (September 5) sowing dates, with a seeding rate of 3.0 million and 4.0 million germinating grains per hectare. It was revealed that, regardless of the seeding rate, an increase in the level of protein in the grain of triticale varieties occurs at a late sowing period (September 15). The maximum protein content was noted in the Kastus variety (15.1%) at the third sowing period, at a seeding rate of 3.0 million germinating grains per hectare. To obtain high and stable yields of winter triticale grain in local conditions, the optimal sowing period should be considered the period from august 25 to September 5, at a seeding rate of 3.0 and 4.0 million germinable grains per hectare. With a favorable regime of moisture supply, it is allowed to sow winter triticale until September 15. The use of an increased rate (5.0 million) is not a factor contributing to an increase in yields in winter triticale varieties under WKO conditions. The most productive varieties adapted to the conditions of the dry steppe zone are the varieties Kastus, Fidelio, Valentin 90, which can be recommended for introduction into production.
Research methodology for machine performance for harvesting plant residues of trellis vegetable crops
Authors: Andreev N A , Levchenko G V , Ryzhkova I V , Chumakova S.V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
At the article we discuss the methods of growing products in greenhouses. In order to improve cutting and removal of crop residues process proposed machines with a cutting device. The methodology of the dependence of the productivity of the machine for trimming plant residues of trellis vegetable crops on its technical characteristics is presented.
Morphogenetic productivity index of winter soft wheat
Authors: Prokhorova T M , Kharitonova M V , Stepanov S A , Kasatkin M Iu , Korobko V V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This research is dedicated to the study of the morphogenetic index of productivity of winter soft wheat. While studying, the number of spikelets in the ear, grains in the ear and the mass of grains in the ear were measured, the morphogenetic index of productivity was calculated according to the main indicators of the shoot. In selection practical work the morphogenetic productivity index is a convenient criterion for evaluating the morphogenetic potential and the yield of the cultivar. 8 (eight) cultivars of winter soft wheat of Saratov selection were taken as study material. The study reveals that the morphogenetic productivity index (MPI) for the number of spikelets per ear varies from 2.36 (Lutescens 230) to 5.43 (Saratovskaya 17). According to the number of grains in the ear, Saratovskaya 17 shows the variety of 2.31 while Kalach 60 shows the variety of 3.9. The Pearl of Povolzhe, Mironovskaya 808, and Kalach 60 demonstrate high values of MPI according to the weight of grains in the ear. The analyzing of the obtained data allows to find out that the MPI values of each of the productivity elements for the same cultivar can greatly differ over the growing years, which, in our opinion, indicates the wide plasticity of the variety in specific weather conditions of the growing season. The analysis of the correlation of MPI indicators with productivity shows that cultivars which have high morphogenetic productivity index (Guberniya, Saratovskaya 90, Kalach 60) are characterized by high productivity.
Contamination of crops with various methods of soil cultivation
Authors: Podlesniy D S , Semenikhina Y A , Kambulov S I , Ivanova T A , Chikrizova V B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of researches on the influence of various methods of soil cultivation on the contamination of soybeans in the conditions of many years of stationary experience. The following methods of soil cultivation were studied: flat-cut, layer-by-layer, moldboard plowing, direct sowing. The species composition and number of weeds and their wet weight were taken into account by counting and weighing them in the phase of a true leaf at the 3rd node (1st count) and the phase of development of fruits and seeds (2nd count). The difference in contamination between the methods of soil cultivation is best seen in the second count, because by this time the numerical growth of weeds has ceased. It was found that for the flat-cut method, after the second counting, the number of weeds decreased by 86,49% to 16,00 pcs / m2, but the wet weight increased by 1.75 to 310.26 g / m2. When cultivating the soil in layers, the number of weeds decreased by 40.08% to 60.00 pcs / m2, but the wet weight increased 2.04 times to 300.91 g / m2. For the dumping method, the number of weeds decreased by 68.05% to 40.00 pcs/m2 and the wet weight of weeds also decreased by 0.40 times to 128.53 g/m2. For the variant with direct sowing, there was a decrease in the number by 64.71% to 11.00 pcs/m2 and a decrease in wet weight by 0.89 times to 280.30 g/m2. The smallest contamination of soybean crops was revealed with direct sowing in comparison with other methods of soil cultivation.
Environmentally safe protection of tomato culture in the conditions of the coastal lowland of the Republic of Dagestan
Authors: Gulmagomedova Sh A , Ashurbekova T N , Ramazanova Z M , Gadzhimusaeva Z G , Imashova S N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article considers the ecological state of agrocenoses and the main factors influencing the formation of plant productivity in agrocenoses in the Republic of Dagestan. The authors reveal the main causes of the current situation as the consequences of the agricultural production system that has been in place for a long time, global climate change towards warming and the development of trade and economic ties between countries, during which, along with the imported plant products, harmful, including quarantine objects from other countries, have been found out. All the reasons mentioned in combination with geological and other factors contributed to the maximum biotic load on agrocenoses, soil degradation, water and wind erosion and other negative consequences. In solving the environmental problem, in particular on tomato plantations in the Republic of Dagestan, the authors consider, along with the introduction of high-yielding new plant varieties into production and improving the quality of products, the use of a complex of environmentally safe methods, in particular, biological methods, low-risk and safe means, as well as bioregulators and immunostimulators for plant protection throughout the growing season.
Import overview as a new paradigm of food security in Russia
Authors: Kuchumov A V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article examines one of the most important directions in the development of the modern food complex in Russia - the formation of a paradigm of import surplus as a fundamentally new direction of a cardinal solution to the problem of food security in the country. Based on the analysis of a large amount of statistical information, the authors give a detailed description of the process of overcoming the dependence of the domestic food market on imports in the post-sanction period. Timely and adequate anti-sanction measures of the Russian government allowed the agricultural sector of the economy to reach a fundamentally new level of development and in five years not only ensure the threshold level of food security for basic products in accordance with the new edition of the Food Doctrine, but also create export potential for grain, sugar and vegetable oil. The production volumes achieved by the domestic agro-industrial complex by 2019 showed that foreign economic sanctions had a rather positive than negative effect on domestic agriculture: over five years, the production of basic crop products increased by 6.8 - 65.6%, livestock products - by 5.0 - 14.7%. The article convincingly substantiates the urgent need to change the paradigm of import substitution to the import substitution paradigm, the distinctive features of which are its complex nature, the focus on solving national projects that, in principle, will change the strategic role of Russia in the international division of labor.
Comparative characteristics of water quality indicators when growing fish in mono-and polyculture
Authors: Gurkina O A , Poddubnaya I V , Vasiliev A A , Rubanova M E , Guseva Yu A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In aquaculture, the efficiency of fish cultivation depends on the quality of water, its hydrochemical and microbiological indicators. Research in this area is short and insufficient. It is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of water quality in various fish farming zones of the Russian Federation, including all the factors of pollution and self-purification of ponds, to prevent the transition of intensively used ponds to the category of hypereutrophic, to create conditions that stimulate the process of self-purification of water. The authors of this article studied the role of organisms that live in fresh and salty water for self-purification of ponds and the impact of fish-breeding processes on the hydrochemical and microbiological regime of water in fish farming, determined the water quality in the growing ponds of the branch of FSUE Natsrybresurs «Teplovsky Fish Nursery» with mono and polyculture. The obtained results update the information about the influence of pond fish farming on the regime of water reservoirs, in the future they will allow to make changes and maintain the ratio and vital activity of hydrobionts in the biocenosis of fish ponds at best possible level.
Experimental results of the ring-cutting tillage roller
Authors: Babitsky L F , Moskalevich V Yu , Ismailov Ya N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of the conducted laboratory researches to determine the energy and quality indicators of the working bodies of the ring-cutting soil processing roller, which make it possible to ensure compliance with agricultural requirements, increase the degree of grinding of soil lumps and crop residues along the entire width of the rink with simultaneous local rolling.
Analysis of the influence of feeding on the change in the mineral composition of blood of the cattle of different physiological groups when intensifying production
Authors: Ulivanova G , Fedosova O , Karelina O , Kulakov V , Sayitkhanov E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis and substantiation of changes in the mineral composition of the blood serum of cows of different technological groups and physiological state. It was revealed that the level of zinc in the blood of all studied animals was lower than the normative indicator. Cows with relatively high productivity (8,000 kg of milk and above) also had a lack of potassium, and cows of the 3rd lactation and older had a lack of magnesium. In addition, an increased content of phosphorus and chlorides in the blood serum of almost all studied animals was revealed.
Influence of sowing time on the yield of fodder grasses
Authors: Mussina M , Sarsengaliyev R , Ayupov Y , Nurgaliyeva G , Amangeldikyzy Z 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cultivated alfalfa is a species native to the Middle East and the most abundant food species in the world. In much of the dry steppe zone of Western Kazakhstan, it is the most important legume fodder crop grown for hay, dehydrated feed, pellets and silage. Alfalfa is also particularly important for restoring soil fertility: without the cost of nitrogen, residues increase soil organic matter, the root system mobilizes nutrients deep in the soil profile and soil, improves structure, water permeability and water retention. In addition, alfalfa requires only a small amount of herbicides and pesticides and no N-fertilization. This is consistent with EU policy and public concern about the environmental impact of agricultural activities. Alfalfa hay fields have also been shown to be highly beneficial for enriching biodiversity. Its high protein content meets the demands of the feed market, especially after the problems caused by the use of concentrates of animal origin, currently banned in the EU. The process of growth and development of plants is directly related to the biological characteristics of their development. All available phenological observations of the growth and development of crops provide an assessment of the conditions that ensure their productivity. The peculiarities of the growth and development of plants, caused by the deficiencies of at least one of the conditions of their vital activity, lead to a delay, and sometimes to a cessation of their growth. In this regard, the intensity of growth, and with this the level of their fodder significance, can serve as indicators of their provision with the necessary living conditions.
Problems and prospects of organizing the effective use of the regional fodder base
Authors: Gusev A Yu , Koshkina I G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The development and implementation of digital technologies in the agricultural sector of the national economy, and especially in the field of feed production, will make it possible to obtain stable predicted productivity gains, considering the needs of the population. Large manufacturers of livestock products should revise the structure of the diet towards an increase in the proportion of high-quality feed (legumes, hay, green mass of perennial and annual grasses, silage, root and tuber crops), which will significantly change the diet, allow straying from the concentrate type and providing additional volumes of higher quality products, improve the health and extend the life of farm animals. It is advisable to form the structure of sown areas and agricultural land, adapted to the new conditions for feeding. A key aspect of the industry's sustainability is the creation of its own feed base near existing and in the future under construction livestock complexes, which will reduce the cost of purchasing expensive feed, delivering it to places of consumption.
Cultivation of leguminous crops of chickpeas and ways to increase the yield and quality of grain in the arid steppe of the Urals
Authors: Japarov R Sh , Nurgaliyeva G K , Gumarova Zh M , Sakhipova Sh B , Nurgaliyev A M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the data of field experiments on the cultivation of chickpea with the use of mineral fertilizers and biological products. Chickpea, for the dry steppe of the Ural region of Kazakhstan, is a good drought-resistant crop to ensure stable grain yields with a high protein content. Experiments in 2012-2014 showed that the yield of the crop was in the range from 0.78 t / ha in the control variant to 1.16 t / ha, where the strain H-27 was applied according to the background of the applied fertilizers N20P20. From the use of only one strains of the genus Rhizobium, the increase in yield, on average for the options, amounted to 0.17 t / ha (21.7%), according to the background of mineral fertilizers from 0.22 to 0.38 t / ha. In 2015-2017 the yield from the use of mineral fertilizers and microbial preparations increased by 0.74-1.12 t / ha, or by 22-51%. The increase from nitrogen fertilization is 8-12%, from microbial preparations - 6-12%. With the combined use of nitrogen fertilizer and Rhizoagrin or Flavobacterin preparations, the yield increased by almost 50%, as well as with the combined use of microbial preparations. An increase in the protein content of grain is associated with the use of nitrogen fertilization and the use of biological products for inoculating seeds, since these factors improve the nitrogen nutrition of plants.
Criteria for assessing the ecological state of the territory in modern conditions
Authors: Oznobikhina L A , Rodionova S A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
International environmental organizations play a huge role in environmental protection. Their creation was caused by catastrophic changes in nature, they were designed to protect it from humanity and, in fact, to save man himself from the results of his own activities. People are obliged to take care not only of animals or birds, we must protect everything that is around us if we want our planet to flourish, successfully developed wonderful gifts of nature. The article discusses the environmental situation degradation: atmospheric air pollution, in fractions of maximum permissible concentrations, water supply and water pollution, soil pollution with household waste and radioactive contamination.
Analysis of operating modes of three-phase distribution networks using their digital models of 0.4 kV
Authors: Vasiliev N V , Kartashev D A , Krishtopa N Yu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Today, the problem of the quality of electricity is of particular relevance, because it is one of the most important conditions for the economical and long-term operation of electrical equipment in industrial enterprises, as well as in housing and communal services. Analysis of existing methods, as well as other studies of the quality of electrical energy in 0.4 kV networks, shows the limitations of existing methods for assessing the quality of electricity and determining power losses in 0.4 kV networks. The total relative losses of electricity in the electric grids of Russia are several times higher than in the grids of other European, industrialized countries. Roughly the maximum relative technological losses of electricity in 0.4 kV networks should be no more than 8% in relation to the supply of electricity to the network. This article briefly outlines the methodology for constructing a digital model of a 0.4 kV network in asymmetric modes for the purpose of element-wise calculation of losses in all sections of the network and determining the quality of electricity at consumer connection points.
Agroecological aspects of technogenic degradation of soil cover of agricultural lands of Azov-Kuban lowland
Authors: Vlasenko V P , Osipov A V , Zhukov V D , Sheudzhen Z R , Kostenko V V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the results of an assessment of agroecological conditions in the soils of the Azov-Kuban lowland due to the development of technogenic degradation. A decrease in the share of initial chernozems due to water erosion (washed soils) in the Novokubansky district and waterlogging (compacted and fused soils) in the Timashevsky district and the city of Krasnodar was revealed. A noticeable increase in density in hydrometamorphized analogues of chernoz.
Automated air dehumidification system for pigsty
Authors: Trifanov A V , Gerasimova O A , Ivanov S I , Tihonov E A , Bazyikin V I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article presents an up-to-date technical solution of the air dehumidification system for pig breeding premises. The analysis of the existing ventilation systems used in pig breeding is presented. The influence of microclimate parameters on pigs is considered. The required values of microclimate parameters make it possible to obtain maximum productivity from pigs, reduce feed consumption, and also reduce potentially dangerous diseases to a minimum. In turn, the microclimate also affects the pigsty and the equipment installed in it. Compliance with the required values of microclimate parameters is a difficult task, since for small farms the purchase of an air conditioning system is unaffordable. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design systems that would be economically profitable. The main parameters of the microclimate that affect the productivity and health of pigs are temperature and relative humidity. These parameters affect animals both separately and in a complex. It is known that at high humidity, both high and low temperatures have a negative effect on the body of pigs. If the relative humidity is 85% or more, and the indoor air temperature is below 10 0C, then the animals gain less weight, but the feed consumption increases. To create and maintain a microclimate in a pigsty, it is necessary to design inexpensive and productive installations operating in automatic mode. By draining the air in the pigsty, with the help of natural cold, it is possible to increase the productivity of animals, as well as reduce energy consumption. An installation has been developed to maintain optimal relative humidity.