bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New low mass ratio contact binaries in the Catalina Sky Survey
Authors: Christopoulou Panagiota-Eleftheria , Lalounta Eleni , Papageorgiou Athanasios , Ferreira Lopes C E , Catelan Márcio , Drake Andrew J 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the identification and photometric analysis of 30 new low mass ratio (LMR) totally eclipsing contact binaries found in Catalina Sky Survey data. The LMR candidates are identified using Fourier coefficients and visual inspection. We perform a detailed scan in the parameter plane of mass ratio (q) versus inclination (i) using phoebe -0.31 scripter to derive the best (q, i) pair for the initial models. The relative physical parameters are determined from the final model of each system. A Monte Carlo approach was adopted to derive the parameter errors. The resulting parameters confirm the identification. The approximate absolute physical parameters of the systems are estimated based on the light-curve solutions and Gaia Early Data Release 3 distances. 12 out of 30 new systems have fill-out factors $f\gt 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and q ≤ 0.25 (deep contact LMR systems), and eight of them, to within errors, are extreme LMR deep systems with q ≤ 0.1. We discuss the evolutionary status of the 30 LMR systems in comparison with the most updated catalogue of LMR systems from the literature. The scenario of the LMR systems as pre-merger candidates forming fast rotating stars is investigated for all systems, new and old, based both on Hut’s stability criteria and critical instability mass ratio (qinst) relation. CSS$\_$J075848.2+125656, with q/qinst = 1.23 ± 0.23, and CSS$\_$J093010.1−021624, with q/qinst = 1.25 ± 0.23, can be considered as merger candidates. $$\begin{eqnarray} \_ \end{eqnarray}$$
Probe strings on anti-de Sitter accelerating black holes
Authors: Nagasaki Koichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work we consider a spacial kind of spacetime called an anti-de Sitter accelerating black hole. This is a kind of black hole that contains a stringlike singularity along polar axes attached to the black hole that accelerates it. By using a string as a probe, we study the properties of the complexity growth of black holes following the complexity–action duality. We find that the growth in the Einstein–Hilbert action is independent of the acceleration but the string probe detects the effects of acceleration.
Social Service Providers’ Knowledge of and Practice with LGBTQ+ People at Risk of Sex Trafficking
Authors: Gerassi Lara B , Pederson Anna C 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Despite growing evidence suggesting that LGBTQ+ people are at risk of sex trafficking (ST), the ways in which social service providers encounter and address this population remain understudied. This study uses a directed content analysis approach to understand providers’ perceived knowledge of and practice with LGBTQ+ people at risk of ST. Authors conducted 24 semistructured, in-depth interviews of social service providers who worked with people who were sex trafficked (predominantly youth and young adults) in a region of a midwestern state. Providers had a range of knowledge and practice strategies, which included using outdated LGBTQ+ terminology and problematic assumptions about ST risk among LGBTQ+ individuals and also about how experiences of trauma influenced LGBTQ+ people’s sexuality and gender. Those who did encounter LGBTQ+ people at risk of ST suggested that there were gaps in services, particularly for trans clients. In addition, providers’ knowledge and practice strategies generally reflected an outdated understanding of gender and sexuality as stagnant and binary. Social service providers have an important opportunity to provide inclusive and affirming services to LGBTQ+ people at risk of ST. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications for practice (e.g., language recommendations and provider trainings), organizations, and future research.
New Drug Treats Pediatric Achondroplasia
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: February 2022

The Food and Drug Administration has granted accelerated approval to vosoritide (Voxzogo) to treat children ages five years and older with achondroplasia who still have open epiphyses.Children prescribed vosoritide should have a meal and 240 to 300 mL of fluid in the hour prior to drug administration to prevent hypotensive episodes.
Exploring the Ethics of a Nurses' Strike During a Pandemic
Authors: Murphy Michael J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT:
It's usually considered a violation of professional ethics for health care workers, including nurses, to refuse to work during mass medical emergencies, especially if their refusal is over concerns like compensation. Strikes and other forms of work stoppage may result in harm to patients and, therefore, violate professional obligations of beneficence. However, in rare circumstances a health care worker's choice to remain on the job despite risk or potential harm to themselves or even their family may be considered beyond their professional obligation. During a pandemic such as COVID-19, the ethical calculus (that is, finding the right balance between beneficence and harm before deciding on a course of action) must take account of a confluence of factors, including the risks to present patients, future patients, and health care workers; the severity and duration of the risks; and the availability of ameliorative or protective steps that reduce risk and harm. The principle of beneficence to both future patients and health care workers may be thwarted if the risk analysis is confined only to short-term concerns (that is, to concerns occurring within a narrow temporal window). If a significantly elevated risk has been demonstrated to affect nurses and other health care workers of color disproportionately, racial justice must also be considered. The purpose of this article is to assess the moral framework of a work stoppage by nurses during a pandemic.
When Is an Isolated Olecranon Fracture Pathognomonic for Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Authors: VanEenenaam David P. , Houlihan Nathan , Heyer Jessica H. , Flynn John M. , Mitchell Stuart L. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Isolated fractures of the olecranon process of the ulna in pediatric patients with open physes are classically considered pathognomonic for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). The purpose of this study was to distinguish the clinical manifestations of isolated olecranon fractures in patients with and without OI to help practitioners assess when further evaluation for OI may be necessary.

Methods:
All patients younger than 18 years old who were treated for an isolated olecranon fracture at a pediatric tertiary care center between 2009 and 2021 were identified. Patients without radiographs available for review, those with known skeletal dysplasia other than OI, and patients with multiple fractures (eg, polytraumas) or with concomitant dislocations were excluded. Of the 701 patients identified, 403 were included for analysis. Demographic variables, mechanism of injury, treatment type, and determination of OI diagnosis were collected. Patients with a previously confirmed diagnosis of OI or with genetic confirmation of OI following their fracture were designated as OI (+), and the remainder were designated OI (−). The Mann-Whitney U and χ2 tests were used to compare groups.

Results:
Of the 403 patients, the median age was 7.8 years (interquartile range 5.2 to 12.5), and 270 (67%) were male. There were 14 confirmed cases of OI (3.5%). The OI (+) and OI (−) groups did not differ significantly by age or sex (P>0.05). OI (+) patients were more likely to sustain an injury from low-energy mechanisms (86% vs. 32%, P<0.001), sustain displaced fractures (86% vs. 21%, P<0.001) and undergo operative treatment (86% vs. 20%, P<0.001), and to report a history of previous fracture (79% vs. 16%, P<0.001) than OI (−) patients. 36% of OI (+) patients sustained a second olecranon fracture during the study period; there were no subsequent olecranon fractures in the OI (−) group.

Conclusions:
Isolated olecranon fractures may not be pathognomonic for OI. However, orthopaedists must be vigilant about the possibility of OI in patients who sustain displaced, isolated olecranon fractures under low-energy mechanisms with a history of previous fracture(s).

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Incidence, characteristics and predictors of mortality following cardiac arrest in ICUs of a German university hospital
Authors: Jansen Gerrit , Sauzet Odile , Borgstedt Rainer , Entz Stefanie , Holland Fee Oda , Lamprinaki Styliani , Thies Karl-Christian , Scholz Sean Selim , Rehberg Sebastian Wily 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND
Cardiac arrest in intensive care is a rarely studied type of in-hospital cardiac arrest.

OBJECTIVE
This study examines the incidence, characteristics, risk factors for mortality as well as long-term prognosis following cardiac arrest in intensive care.

DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING
Five noncardiac surgical ICUs (41 surgical and 37 medical beds) at a German university hospital between 2016 and 2019.

PATIENTS
Adults experiencing cardiac arrest defined as the need for chest compressions and/or defibrillation occurring for the first time on the ICU.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Primary endpoint: occurrence of cardiac-arrest in the ICU. Secondary endpoints: diagnostic and therapeutic measures; risk factors and marginal probabilities of no-return of spontaneous circulation; rates of return of spontaneous circulation, hospital discharge, 1-year-survival and 1-year-neurological outcome.

RESULTS
A total of 114 cardiac arrests were observed out of 14 264 ICU admissions; incidence 0.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7 to 1.0; 45.6% received at least one additional diagnostic test, such as blood gas analysis (36%), echocardiography (19.3%) or chest x-ray (9.9%) with a resulting change in therapy in 52%, (more frequently in those with a return of spontaneous circulation vs none, P
= 0.023). Risk factors for no-return of spontaneous circulation were cardiac comorbidities (OR 5.4; 95% CI, 1.4 to 20.7) and continuous renal replacement therapy (OR 5.9; 95% CI, 1.7 to 20.8). Bicarbonate levels greater than 21 mmol 1 were associated with a higher mortality risk in combination either with cardiac comorbid-ities (bicarbonate <21 mmol I−1: 13%; 21 to 26 mmolI−1 45%; >26mmolI−1:42%)orwithaSOFA at least 2 (bicarbonate <21 mmolI−1 8%; 21 to 26 mmolI−1: 40%; >26mmolI−1: 37%). "In-hospital mortality was 78.1% (n = 89); 1-year-survival-rate was 10.5% (95% CI, 5.5 to 17.7) and survival with a good neurological outcome was 6.1% (95% CI, 2.5 to 12.2).

CONCLUSION
Cardiac arrest in ICU is a rare complication with a high mortality and low rate of good neurological outcome. The development of a structured approach to resuscitation should include all available resources of an ICU and adequately consider the complete diagnostic and therapeutic spectra as our results indicate that these are still underused. The development of prediction models of death should take into account cardiac and hepatic comorbidities, continuous renal replacement therapy, SOFA at least 2 before cardiac arrest and bicarbonate level. Further research should concentrate on identifying early predictors and on the prevention of cardiac arrest in ICU.
Teledermatology
Authors: Nickles Melissa A. , Rustad Andrea M. , Lio Peter A. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Importance
Amidst widespread social distancing measures enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services expanded telehealth service coverage for beneficiaries. U.S. dermatologists and their patients have since transitioned toward billable video-based visits. Teledermatology continues to rapidly evolve, and dermatology providers should be aware and informed of systems, benefits, and barriers to effectively incorporate teledermatology into patient care.

Objective
The aim of this study was to review the history of teledermatology, its progression to the current state, and its use and expansion during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results
Our findings suggest that teledermatology is a useful tool to address the dermatologic needs of those with limited mobility, critically ill patients, and remote communities. Teledermatology could decrease the burden of skin disease and improve the quality of life for many people, as well as empower patients to be more active in their own care. Certain conditions are more amenable to diagnosis and long-term management with teledermatology, such as acne, psoriasis, rosacea, and atopic dermatitis. Dermatologists should prioritize seeing patients with pigmented lesions in person, as melanoma may be more difficult to detect via telemedicine. Unified legislation for teledermatology is necessary as medicolegal protection, safety and privacy quality analysis, and The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)-approved security compliance have yet to be fully addressed.
Risk Assessment of Lingual Plate Perforation in Anterior Edentulous Mandibular Region: A Virtual Implant Placement Study Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Taşdemir Ismail , Kalabalik Fahrettin , Aytuğar Emre 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of lingual cortical bone perforation caused by virtually placed implants on cone-beam computed tomography images in the edentulous mandibular canine region and determine the relationship between the morphological structure of the crest and the risk of perforation.

Methods:
Eight hundred dental implants were virtually inserted on 100 qualified cone-beam computed tomography scans. Crests were divided into 4 groups according to the crest morphology as Type U, Type L, Type P, and Type C. The distance between the implant tip and lingual plate was measured using a digital caliper. Incidence of lingual plate perforation and proximity of the implant tip to the lingual plate were measured for 4 types of the alveolar crest.

Results:
A total of 800 virtual implant applications were performed in 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The incidence of lingual plate perforation was found to be significantly higher in Type U crests than in the other types. It was also found to be statistically significantly higher in Type L crests than in Type P and Type C crests. When the relationship between implant length and perforation was evaluated, perforation in 14 mm implants was significantly higher than 8, 10, and 12 mm implants.

Conclusions:
According to the results of this study, it was determined that high rates of perforation occurred in the U and L type crests and 14 mm implants during implant surgery in the mandibular anterior edentulous region.
A Paradigm Shift in the Management of Thyroid Eye Disease How Teprotumumab Has Changed the Therapeutic Interface
Authors: Ugradar Shoaib , Kossler Andrea L. , Douglas Raymond , Cockerham Kimberly 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Teprotumumab, a monoclonal antibody that blocks the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, has recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED). Since its approval, aside from data on the safety and clinical efficacy of teprotumumab from Phase-2 and Phase-3 trials, only a handful of reports have been published regarding its use in the wider population. In this review, we briefly describe the mechanism of action of teprotumumab and review the literature to provide an overview of published clinical experience. This information was used to provide recommendations for patient selection, management of patient expectations, infusion details and site options, tips to optimize the authorization process, and how to monitor and mitigate side effects.

Evidence Acquisition:
A systemic review of the literature was performed regarding teprotumumab, focusing on its mechanisms of action and published reports on its use on patients with TED. A review of Embase, Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar was conducted.

Results:
Clinical experience following the approval of teprotumumab has confirmed its efficacy in reducing inflammation and proptosis in patients with acute TED (<2 years). The reduction in proptosis occurs due to a reduction in orbital fat and muscle volume. Furthermore, there is evidence for its use in patients with compressive optic neuropathy. There are also reports that show its efficacy in reducing proptosis, inflammation, and diplopia in patients with chronic TED (>2 years). Teprotumumab was associated with side effects, such as muscle spasm, hearing loss, and hyperglycemia. To date, 2 case reports have shown a possible association with flares of inflammatory bowel disease.

Conclusions:
Teprotumumab is a powerful therapeutic option for the treatment of TED. Clinical experience following FDA approval has demonstrated efficacy in treating patients with acute and chronic TED. It is the only therapeutic option that has been shown to reduce orbital soft tissue expansion in TED. However, it is expensive, and sometimes, obtaining insurance authorization can be time consuming and difficult. Further work will reveal its full side effect profile and help to establish its role in the armamentarium used to treat TED.
Pseudaquidulcibacter saccharophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of family Caulobacteraceae, isolated from a water purification facility with supplement of starch as a carbon source
Authors: Liu Yaqi , Li Shuyang , Lin Jing , Liu Shuangyuan , Wei Hehong , Dai Jingcheng , Qiu Dongru 
Published: February 2022

During a survey of microbial communities in the influent (ambient water) and effluent of a water purification facility with aeration and supplement of starch as carbon source, a novel bacterial strain, designated SZ9T, was isolated from the effluent sample. Colonies of strain SZ9T were small (approximately 0.5–1.0 mm in diameter), creamy-white, circular, smooth, translucent and convex. Cells were facultative anaerobic, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, rod-shaped, multiplied by binary fission, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. Growth occurred at 10–40 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and pH 5.5–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.5). The range of NaCl concentration for growth was 0–1.0 % (w/v), with an optimum of 0–0.5 % (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that strain SZ9T formed a lineage within the family

Caulobacteraceae

of the class

Alphaproteobacteria

and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to

Aquidulcibacter paucihalophilus

TH1-2T (92.44%), followed by

Vitreimonas flagellata

SYSU XM001T (89.61 %),

Asprobacter aquaticus

DRW22-8T (89.49 %) and

Hyphobacterium vulgare

WM6T (89.49%). The predominant fatty acids (>10 % of the total fatty acids) of strain SZ9T was summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1
ω6c and/or C16 : 1
ω7c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω6c and/or C18 : 1
ω7c) and C16 : 0. The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10, and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine and two unidentified glycolipids. The whole genome of strain SZ9T was 2 842 140 bp in size, including 2769 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and two rRNA genes, and the genomic G+C content was 41.4 mol%. The orthologous average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain SZ9T and other genera within the family

Caulobacteraceae

were 64.50–66.62 %, 46.96–54.17 % and 27.70–31.70 %, respectively. Therefore, based on the results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, the isolated strain SZ9T could be distinguished from other genera, suggesting that it represents a novel species of a novel genus in the family

Caulobacteraceae

, for which the name Pseudaquidulcibacter saccharophilus gen. nov., sp. nov is proposed. The type strain is SZ9T (=CCTCC AB2021029T=KCTC 82788T).
Extraction-free protocol combining Proteinase K and heat inactivation for detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR
Authors: Genoud Valeria , Stortz Martin , Waisman Ariel , Berardino Bruno G. , Verneri Paula , Dansey Virginia , Salvatori Melina , Lenicov Federico Remes , Levi Valeria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractReal-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) is the gold-standard technique for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection in nasopharyngeal swabs specimens. The analysis by RT-qPCR usually requires a previous extraction step to obtain the purified viral RNA. Unfortunately, RNA extraction constitutes a bottleneck for early detection in many countries since it is expensive, time-consuming and depends on the availability of commercial kits. Here, we describe an extraction-free protocol for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR from nasopharyngeal swab clinical samples in saline solution. The method includes a treatment with proteinase K followed by heat inactivation (PK+HID method). We demonstrate that PK+HID improves the RT- qPCR performance in comparison to the heat-inactivation procedure. Moreover, we show that this extraction-free protocol can be combined with a variety of multiplexing RT-qPCR kits. The method combined with a multiplexing detection kit targeting N and ORF1ab viral genes showed a sensitivity of 0.99 and a specificity of 0.99 from the analysis of 106 positive and 106 negative clinical samples. In conclusion, PK+HID is a robust, fast and inexpensive procedure for extraction-free RT-qPCR determinations of SARS-CoV-2.
Longitudinal Trend Monitoring of Multiple Sclerosis Ambulation using Smartphones
Authors: Creagh Andrew P. , Dondelinger Frank , Lipsmeier Florian , Lindemann Michael , De Vos Maarten 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGoalSmartphone and wearable devices may act as powerful tools to remotely monitor physical function in people with neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases from out-of-clinic environments. Detection of progression onset or worsening of symptoms is especially important in people living with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) in order to enable optimally adapted therapeutic strategies. MS is a disease whose symptoms typically follow subtle and fluctuating disease courses, patient-to-patient, and over time. Current in-clinic assessments are often too infrequently administered to reflect longitudinal changes in MS impairment that impact daily life. This work, therefore, explores how smartphones can administer daily two-minute walking assessments to monitor PwMS physical function at home.MethodsRemotely collected smartphone inertial sensor data was transformed through state-of-the-art Deep Convolutional Neural Networks, to estimate a participant’s daily ambulatory-related disease severity, longitudinally over a 24-week study.ResultsThis study demonstrated that smartphone-based ambulatory severity outcomes could accurately estimate MS level of disability, as measured by the EDSS score (r2: 0.56,p <0.001). Furthermore, longitudinal severity outcomes were shown to accurately reflect individual participants’ level of disability over the study duration.ConclusionSmartphone-based assessments, that can be performed by patients from their home environments, could greatly augment standard in-clinic outcomes for neurodegenerative diseases. The ability to understand the impact of disease on daily-life between clinical visits, through objective digital outcomes, paves the way forward to better measure and identify signs of disease progression that may be occurring out-of-clinic, to monitor how different patients respond to various treatments, and to ultimately enable the development of better, and more personalised care.