bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical significance of intracavitary electrocardiographic localization in the prevention of PICC heterotopia in children with tumor
Authors: Zhang Cong‐Cong , Zhu Yu‐Xin , Yin Xin‐Xin , Gao Jing‐Fang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical significance of intracavitary electrocardiogram positioning technology in preventing catheter ectopic position during peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) catheterization in children with tumors.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 62 children who required PICC catheterization was performed. The intracavitary electrocardiogram (ECG) positioning technology was used during the tube placement of the child patients. After the tube was successfully placed, the chest radiograph was taken. The ECG positioning result was compared with the chest radiograph positioning result after the tube was inserted, and the sensitivity and specificity of the ECG positioning were calculated.ResultsThe intracavitary electrocardiogram results of 62 children with PICC catheters showed that 56 cases (90.32%) had characteristic P waves, and six cases (9.68%) had no characteristic P waves. The chest radiographs of 56 children with characteristic P wave showed that 33 cases (58.93%) of the catheter tip position was appropriate, 22 cases (39.29%) of the catheter tip was too deep, and 1 case was in a non‐superior vena cava; six cases of chest radiographs of children with no characteristic P wave showed: one case was too deep at T8 level, one case was too shallow at T4 level, four cases were at non‐superior vena cava, one case was contralateral internal jugular vein, two cases in the contralateral brachiocephalic vein, and one case was the contralateral subclavian vein.ConclusionIntracavitary ECG positioning assisted catheter placement in infants can effectively improve the accuracy of catheter tip position.
Accuracy of atrial fibrillation detection by an insertable cardiac monitor in patients undergoing catheter ablation: Results of the BioVAD study
Authors: Assaf Amira , Theuns Dominic A. M. J. , Sakhi Rafi , Bhagwandien Rohit E. , Szili‐Torok Tamas , Yap Sing‐Chien 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundInsertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are increasingly used to evaluate the atrial fibrillation (AF) burden after catheter ablation of AF. BioMonitor III (BM3) is an ICM with a long sensing vector, which enhances sensing capabilities. The AF detection algorithm of the BM3 is based on R–R interval variability.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of the AF detection algorithm of BM3 in patients before and after catheter ablation of AF using simultaneous Holter recordings.MethodsIn this prospective study, we enrolled patients scheduled for catheter ablation of paroxysmal or persistent AF. After BM3 implantation, patients had a 4 days Holter registration before and 3 months after ablation. All true AF episodes ≥2 min on the Holter were annotated and matched with BM3 detected AF detections.ResultsThirty‐one patients were enrolled (mean age 60 ± 8, 74% male, 68% paroxysmal AF). Fifty‐six Holter registrations were performed in 30 patients. Twelve patients demonstrated at least one true AF episode with a total AF duration of 570 h. The AF burden accuracy of BM3 before catheter ablation was 99.6%, with a duration sensitivity of 98.6% and a duration specificity of 99.9%. The AF burden accuracy of BM3 after catheter ablation was 99.8%, with a duration sensitivity of 90.2% and a duration specificity of 99.9%. Overall, the AF burden detected on the Holter and BM3 demonstrated a high Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.996.ConclusionBM3 accurately detects AF burden in patients before and after catheter ablation of AF.
Evidence of latent HPV infection in older Danish women with a previous history of cervical dysplasia
Authors: Hammer Anne , Blaakaer Jan , de Koning Maurits N. C. , Steiniche Torben , Mejlgaard Else , Svanholm Hans , Roensbo Mette T. , Fuglsang Katrine , Doorbar John , Andersen Rikke H. , Quint Wim G. V. , Gravitt Patti E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding whether human papillomavirus (HPV) may establish latency in the uterine cervix is important. A better understanding of HPV natural history is useful for clinical counseling of women attending screening and to accurately inform health prevention strategies such as screening and HPV vaccination. We evaluated the extent of latent HPV infections in older women with a history of abnormal cytology.Material and MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study in Aarhus, Denmark, from March 2013 through April 2015. Women were enrolled if they underwent cervical amputation or total hysterectomy because of benign disease. Prior to surgery, women completed a questionnaire and a cervical smear was collected for HPV testing and morphological assessment. For evaluation of latency (i.e., no evidence of active HPV infection, but HPV detected in the tissue), we selected women with a history of abnormal cervical cytology or histology, as these women were considered at increased risk of harboring a latent infection. Cervical tissue underwent extensive HPV testing using the SPF10‐DEIA‐LipA25 assay.ResultsOf 103 women enrolled, 26 were included in this analysis. Median age was 55 years (interquartile range [IQR] 52–65), and most women were postmenopausal and parous. The median number of sexual partners over the lifetime was six (IQR 3–10), and 85% reported no recent new sexual partner. Five women (19.2%) had evidence of active infection at the time of surgery, and 19 underwent latency evaluation. Of these, a latent infection was detected in 11 (57.9%), with HPV16 being the most prevalent type (50%). Nearly 80% (n = 14) of the 18 women with a history of previous low‐grade or high‐grade cytology with no treatment had an active or latent HPV infection, with latent infections predominating. HPV was detected in two of the six women with a history of high‐grade cytology and subsequent excisional treatment, both as latent infections.ConclusionsHPV can be detected in cervical tissue specimens without any evidence of an active HPV infection, indicative of a latent, immunologically controlled infection. Modeling studies should consider including a latent state in their model when estimating the appropriate age to stop screening and when evaluating the impact of HPV vaccination.
Vulnerability in practice: Peeling back the layers, avoiding triggers, and preventing cascading effects
Authors: Victor Elizabeth , Luna Florencia , Guidry‐Grimes Laura , Reiheld Alison 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe concept of vulnerability is widely used in bioethics, particularly in research ethics and public health ethics. The traditional approach construes vulnerability as inherent in individuals or the groups to which they belong and views vulnerability as requiring special protections. Florencia Luna and other bioethicists continue to challenge traditional ways of conceptualizing and applying the term. Luna began proposing a layered approach to this concept and recently extended this proposal to offer two new concepts to analyze the concept of vulnerability, namely understanding external conditions that trigger vulnerability and layers of vulnerability with cascading effects. Luna's conception of vulnerability is useful, which we demonstrate by applying her layered view and the new analyses in multiple contexts. We begin by outlining Luna's view and we use vignettes from healthcare involving transgender patients, the care of patients in psychiatric contexts, and research involving prisoners to illustrate how each part of Luna's concept elucidates important moral issues.
Serum cytokines to predict systemic lupus erythematosus clinical and serological activity
Authors: Moreno‐Torres Victor , Castejón Raquel , Martínez‐Urbistondo María , Gutiérrez‐Rojas Ángela , Vázquez‐Comendador Jose , Tutor Pablo , Durán‐del Campo Pedro , Mellor‐Pita Susana , Rosado Silvia , Vargas‐Núñez Juan‐Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe aimed to explore the role of interleukin (IL)‐6, interferon‐gamma (IFNγ), IL‐10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as predictors of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) clinical and serological activity, and their correlation with the treatment received. We performed a retrospective analysis of 77 patients with SLE according to the 2012 Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics (SLICC) criteria. The outcomes were serological activity (SA), active disease (AD), complete remission (CR), the low‐disease activity state (LDAS), and immunosuppressive treatment. SA was present in 17.1%, AD in 17.3%, CR in 13%, and LDAS in 64.9% of patients. IL‐6 values were higher in patients in SA, in AD, in those receiving steroids alone, and in patients without CR or LDAS (p < 0.05). IFNγ was associated with anti‐double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies positivity and immunosuppression, whereas IL‐10 values were higher in patients with CR (p < 0.05). The IL6‐IFN product was able to predict anti‐double stranded DNA (anti‐dsDNA) antibodies positivity (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC‐ROC] = 0.705, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.563–0.847), SA (AUC‐ROC = 0.720, 95% CI 0.542–0.899), AD (AUC‐ROC = 0.701, 95% CI 0.520–0.882), steroid treatment (AUC‐ROC = 0.751, 95% CI 0.622–0.879), and the absence of LDAS (AUC‐ROC = 0.700, 95% CI 0.558–0.834). The IL6‐IFN/IL10 ratio predicted AD (AUC‐ROC = 0.742, 955 CI 0.540–0.944), steroid treatment (AUC‐ROC = 0.721, 95% CI 0.572–0.870), and the absence of LDAS (AUC‐ROC = 0.694, 95% CI 0.536–0.853). In conclusion, IL‐6, IL‐10, and IFNγ might help to assess SLE serological and clinical activity. Their combination in the IL‐6‐IFN product and the IL‐6xIFN to IL‐10 ratio results in novel tools to determine and predict SA, AD, and LDAS. Prompt detection of SLE activity might allow a rapid intervention to avoid established or chronic damage.
Flying insect biomass is negatively associated with urban cover in surrounding landscapes
Authors: Svenningsen Cecilie S. , Bowler Diana E. , Hecker Susanne , Bladt Jesper , Grescho Volker , van Dam Nicole M. , Dauber Jens , Eichenberg David , Ejrnæs Rasmus , Fløjgaard Camilla , Frenzel Mark , Frøslev Tobias G. , Hansen Anders J. , Heilmann‐Clausen Jacob , Huang Yuanyuan , Larsen Jonas C. , Menger Juliana , Nayan Nur L. B. M. , Pedersen Lene B. , Richter Anett , Dunn Robert R. , Tøttrup Anders P. , Bonn Aletta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimIn this study, we assessed the importance of local‐ to landscape‐scale effects of land cover and land use on flying insect biomass.LocationDenmark and parts of Germany.MethodsWe used rooftop‐mounted car nets in a citizen science project (“InsectMobile”) to allow for large‐scale geographic sampling of flying insects. Volunteers sampled insects along 278 five‐km routes in urban, farmland, grassland, wetland and forest landscapes in the summer of 2018. The bulk insect samples were dried overnight to obtain the sample biomass. We extracted proportional land use variables in buffers between 50 and 1,000 m along the routes and compiled them into land cover categories to examine the effect of each land cover, and specific land use types, on insect biomass.ResultsWe found a negative association between urban cover and flying insect biomass (1% increase in urban cover = 1% [95% CI: −3.0 to 0.0] decrease in biomass in Denmark, and a 3% [95% CI: −3.0 to 0.0] decrease in Germany) at a landscape scale (1,000‐m buffer). In Denmark, we also found positive effects of semi‐natural land cover types, that is protected grassland (largest at the landscape scale, 1000 m) and forests (largest at intermediate scales, 250 m). Protected grassland cover had a stronger positive effect on insect biomass than forest cover did. For farmland cover, the positive association with insect biomass was not clearly modified by any variable associated with farmland use intensity. The negative association between insect biomass and urban land cover appeared to be reduced by increased urban green space.Main conclusionsOur results show that land cover has an impact on flying insect biomass with the magnitude of this effect varying across spatial scales. However, the vast expanse of grey space in urbanized areas has a direct negative impact on flying insect biomass across all spatial scales examined.
Evaluating T cell responses prior to the onset of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Arif Sefina , Yusuf Norkhairin , Domingo‐Vila Clara , Liu Yuk‐Fun , Bingley Polly J. , Peakman Mark 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsIn the current study we aimed to evaluat T cell phenotypes and metabolic profiles in high‐risk individuals who progressed to type 1 diabetes compared to those remaining disease free.MethodsA Fluorspot assay was used to examine T cell responses to a panel of islet autoantigen peptides in samples obtained 6‐ and 30‐months preceding disease onset and at the same timepoints in non‐progressors.ResultsWe noted a significant increase in the magnitude of the proinflammatory interferon‐γ response to proinsulin and insulin peptides in individuals who progressed to type 1 diabetes. In contrast, in the non‐progressors, we observed an increase in the regulatory IL‐10 response to proinsulin peptides. Furthermore, the T cell responses to the islet peptide panel predisposed towards a proinflammatory interferon‐γ bias in the progressors.ConclusionsCollectively, these data suggest that a proinflammatory T cell response is prevalent in high‐risk individuals who progress to type 1 diabetes and can be detected up to 6 months prior to onset of disease. This observation, albeit in a small cohort, can potentially be harnessed in disease staging, particularly in identifying autoantibody‐positive individuals transitioning from stage 2 (dysglycemia present and pre‐symptomatic) to stage 3 (dysglycemia present and symptomatic). The detection of these different T cell phenotypes in progressors and non‐progressors suggests the presence of disease endotypes.
Cross‐border networks and knowledge spillovers for foreign entry
Authors: Chan Jackie M. L. , Hsieh Chih‐Sheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper studies cross‐border networks formed in firms' prior destinations in the context of cross‐border mergers and acquisitions (M&A). An acquirer owns a subsidiary in a prior destination, and the subsidiary's domestic network forms the cross‐border network of the acquirer due to their ownership link. We focus on the subsidiary's network of neighboring firms in a location within the prior destination. Using rich data on cross‐border M&A, we show that knowledge spillovers from this cross‐border network have a positive impact on the acquirer's likelihood of entering a new destination. Our results highlight the global externalities of multinationals' international economic activities.
NA0D – The new Traumatic Dental Injury classification of the World Health Organization
Authors: Petti Stefano , Andreasen Jens Ove , Glendor Ulf , Andersson Lars 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn accurate, clear, and easy‐to‐use traumatic dental injury (TDI) classification and definition system is a prerequisite for proper diagnosis, study, and treatment. However, more than 50 classifications have been used in the past. The ideal solution would be that TDIs are adequately classified within the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO). TDI classification provided by the 11th Revision of the ICD (ICD‐11), released in 2018, and previous Revisions, failed to classify TDIs satisfactorily. Therefore, in December 2018, a proposal was submitted by Dr's Stefano Petti, Jens Ove Andreasen, Ulf Glendor, and Lars Andersson, to the ICD‐11, asking for a change of the existing TDI classification. Proposal #2130 highlighted the TDI paradox, the fifth most frequent disease/condition neglected by most public health agencies in the world, and the limits of ICD‐11 classification. Namely, injuries of teeth and periodontal tissues were located in two separate blocks that did not mention dental/periodontal tissues; infraction, concussion, and subluxation were not coded; most TDIs lacked description; and tooth fractures were described through bone fracture descriptions (e.g., comminuted, compression, and fissured fractures). These limitations led to TDI mis‐reporting, under‐reporting, and non‐specific reporting by untrained non‐dental healthcare providers. In addition, no scientific articles on TDIs, present in PubMed, Scopus, and Web‐of‐Science, used the ICD classification. Proposal #2130 suggested to adopt the Andreasen classification, the most widely acknowledged classification used in dental traumatology. The Proposal was reviewed by two WHO teams, two scientific Committees, one WHO Collaborating Center, and the Department of Non‐Communicable Disease Prevention at WHO headquarters, and it underwent two voting sessions. In March 2022, the Andreasen classification was accepted integrally. A new entity was generated, called NA0D, “Injury of teeth or supporting structures” (https://icd.who.int/browse11/l‐m/en#/http%3a%2f%2fid.who.int%2ficd%2fentity%2f1413338122). Hopefully, this will contribute to increasing the public awareness, and the dental profession's management, of TDIs.
A well‐established fact: Rapid mineralization of organic inputs is an important factor for soil carbon sequestration
Authors: Angers Denis , Arrouays Dominique , Cardinael Rémi , Chenu Claire , Corbeels Marc , Demenois Julien , Farrell Mark , Martin Manuel , Minasny Budiman , Recous Sylvie , Six Johan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe have read with interest an opinion paper recently published in the European Journal of Soil Science (Berthelin et al., 2022). This paper presents some interesting considerations, at least one of which is already well known to soil scientists working on soil organic carbon (SOC), that is, a large portion (80%–90%) of fresh carbon inputs to soil is subject to rapid mineralization. The short‐term mineralization kinetics of organic inputs is well‐known and accounted for in soil organic matter models. Thus, clearly, the long‐term predictions based on these models do not overlook short‐term mineralization. We point out that many agronomic practices can significantly contribute to SOC sequestration. If conducted responsibly whilst fully recognising the caveats, SOC sequestration can lead to a win‐win situation where agriculture can both contribute to the mitigation of climate change and adapt to it, whilst at the same time delivering other co‐benefits such as reduced soil erosion and enhanced biodiversity.Highlights
Rapid mineralization of organic inputs is an important factor for soil carbon sequestration.
Mineralization kinetics of organic inputs are well‐known and accounted for in soil organic matter models.
Many agronomic practices can contribute significantly to SOC sequestration.
SOC sequestration can lead to a win‐win situation where agriculture can both contribute to the mitigation of climate change and adapt to it.
A risk assessment of equine piroplasmosis entry, exposure and consequences in the UK
Authors: Coultous Robert M. , Sutton David G. M. , Boden Lisa A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEquine piroplasmosis (EP) is currently not endemic in the UK, despite a lack of formal surveillance and the presence of carrier horses in the equine population. Pathogen establishment would have significant welfare and economic impacts on the national equine industry, but the disease is often overlooked by UK practitioners.ObjectivesTo assess the risk of disease entry, exposure and consequences to the UK equine population.Study designQualitative risk assessment.MethodsA qualitative risk assessment was constructed utilising the current World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) published framework for importation risk assessment, assessing the key areas of disease entry, exposure and consequences to the UK equine population.ResultsThe overall risk of EP entry to the UK via importation of infected equidae with acute disease is very low but considered medium with subclinical carrier animals. Entry via importation of ticks or the importation of blood is considered very low. The risk of EP exposure to susceptible equidae in the UK is considered low by the infection routes of tick‐bites, contaminated needles and contaminated blood, but very high via transplacental transfer. However, the consequences of EP endemic establishment are considered of high significance to the UK equine industry.Main limitationsA lack of available numerical data for events and variables in disease import risk meant a qualitative assessment was the most practical method for this scenario.ConclusionsThis risk assessment highlights that EP positive animals are able to enter and are currently present in the UK, and that conditions do exist that could allow forward transmission of the disease. It has highlighted a gap in existing policy where the UK falls behind OIE guidelines and has suggested steps to correct this discrepancy and improve national biosecurity.
Early castration in foals: Consequences on physical and behavioural development
Authors: Cognie Juliette , Freret Sandrine , Lansade Lea , Parias Celine , Barriere Philippe , Gesbert Amandine , Reigner Fabrice , Deleuze Stefan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of very early castration of foals has not yet been studied despite the many positive effects observed in dogs and cats.ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to compare castration at 3 days and 18 months and assess their subsequent morphological and behavioural development.Study designThis was a randomised, blinded clinical study.MethodsTwenty‐two Welsh ponies underwent either early (3‐day old, EC group, n = 11) or traditional (18‐month old, TC group, n = 11) castration. Animals were followed up to 3 years of age. All ponies were castrated using a primary closure technique under general anaesthesia. Weight and morphometric measurements were monitored monthly from birth until 8 months of age in both groups. Then, measurements were taken every 3 months until 2 years of age and then every 6 months until 3 years of age. Temperament tests were performed on all animals when they were 1‐ and 3‐years old.ResultsNo differences were observed between the EC and TC groups in terms of physical development from birth until 40 months of age or in terms of temperament and behaviour at either 1 or 3 years of age.Main limitationsThe study included only one breed (Welsh ponies) and only 22 animals that were castrated before 2 years of age, precluding comparison with castration performed at older ages.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that early castration at 3 days does not interfere with morphological or behavioural development.