bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned from a pilot implementation of physical activity recommendations in axial spondyloarthritis exercise group therapy
Authors: Rausch Osthoff Anne-Kathrin , Vliet Vlieland Theodora P. M. , Meichtry André , van Bodegom-Vos Leti , Topalidis Beatrice , Büchi Stefan , Nast Irina , Ciurea Adrian , Niedermann Karin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Ankylosing Spondylitis Association of Switzerland (SVMB) aimed to implement physical activity recommendations (PAR) within their exercise groups (EGs). The PAR promote exercise in all fitness dimensions at the correct dose. To implement the PAR within EGs, they were translated into a new EG concept with five key activities: (a) training for supervising physiotherapists (PTs), (b) correctly dosed exercises in all fitness dimensions, (c) exercise counselling, (d) bi-annual fitness assessments, and (e) individual exercise training, in addition to EG. All these activities were realized in close coordination with SVMB management.ObjectivesTo analyse the implementation success by evaluating adherence/fidelity, feasibility, and satisfaction at the patient, PTs, and organisational level.MethodsThe five key activities of the new EG concept were developed, executed, and assessed after 6 months. The primary outcomes for implementation success were adherence of patients to the recommended exercise behaviour, self-reported by electronic diary; fidelity of PTs to the new concept, self-reported by diary; SVMB organisational changes. Secondary outcomes were feasibility and satisfaction with the new EG concept at all three levels. The tertiary outcome, to evaluate the effectiveness of PAR, was patient fitness, assessed through fitness assessments.Results30 patients with axSpA (ten women, mean age 58 ± 9 years) and four PTs (three women, mean age 46 ± 9 years) participated. The patients' self-reporting of adherence to the PAR was insufficient (43%), possibly due to technical problems with the electronic dairy. The PTs' fidelity to the new EG concept was satisfactory. On all levels, the new concept was generally perceived as feasible and useful for supporting personalised exercise.The frequency of exercise counselling and the fitness assessments was found by patients and PTs to be too high and rigid. Patients' cardiorespiratory fitness [ES 1.21 (95%CI 0.59, 1.89)] and core strength [ES 0.61 (95%CI 0.18, 1.06)] improved over the 6 months.ConclusionsThe pilot implementation of PAR showed acceptance and satisfaction to be sufficient, thus confirming the need for evidence-based EGs, provided by a patient organisation in order to support active PA behaviour. However, adaptations are necessary to increase its feasibility for nationwide implementation.Trial Registration: SNCTP, SNCTP000002880. Registered 31 May 2018,https://www.kofam.ch/en/snctp-portal/search/0/study/42491.
The role of the rapid molecular test (RMT) and the provision of a negative pressure mortuary room in reducing COVID-19 corpse handling protocol rejection: experiences with religious conservative groups
Authors: Syamsun Arfi , Kadriyan Hamsu , Lestari Ni Putu Sasmita , Lestarini Ima Arum , Rivarti Arina Windri , Bukhari Agussalim , Haikal Zikrul 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
This study explores the difference in COVID-19 corpse handling protocol rejection before and after the innovation in rapid molecular test (RMT) postmortem examination and providing negative pressure mortuary rooms. This study is a retrospective observational study. Each of the corpse’s immediate family was explained the procedure for handling the body based on the fatwa of the religious institution and the hospital’s standard operating system. The acceptance or rejection of the protocol, general characteristics of the corpse, and the reasons for refusal are documented.

Results
From March to May 2020, there were 16 probable COVID-19 corpses and 3 confirmed COVID-19 corpses. Rejection of the COVID-19 corpse protocol occurred six times. The main reason for rejection is that the death might not necessarily be caused by COVID-19, the body’s handling in the hospital is not following religious law, and the negative stigma of COVID-19. From June to August 2020, there were 42 probable COVID-19 corpses and 49 confirmed COVID-19 corpses. Rejection of the COVID-19 corpse protocol occurred eight times. The most rejection reason is that the deceased families do not believe the deceased died because of COVID-19.

Conclusions
The decline in the COVID-19 corpse protocol rejection has occurred after applying RMT and providing a negative pressure mortuary room. This decline proves that religious conservative groups can accept this innovation to reduce rejection on religious grounds.
The special role of CXCL13 in Lyme neuroborreliosis: a case report
Authors: Erhart Deborah K. , Bracknies Vera , Lutz-Schuhbauer Susanne , Wigand Sonja , Tumani Hayrettin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of chronic lyme neuroborreliosis can be a challenge even for experienced neurologists. The clinical picture may be multifaceted, including polyradiculitis to cranial nerve palsies, meningitis, encephalomyelitis, encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy. We report on a patient presenting with basal leptomeningoencephalitis associated with vasculopathy where the chemokine CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid played an important diagnostic role.
Canonical Thyroid Hormone Receptor β Action Stimulates Hepatocyte Proliferation in Male Mice
Authors: Hönes Georg Sebastian , Kerp Helena , Hoppe Christoph , Kowalczyk Manuela , Zwanziger Denise , Baba Hideo Andreas , Führer Dagmar , Moeller Lars Christian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
3,5,3’-L-triiodothyronine (T3) is a potent inducer of hepatocyte proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Previous studies suggested the involvement of rapid noncanonical thyroid hormone receptor (TR) β signaling, directly activating hepatic Wnt/β-catenin signaling independent from TRβ DNA binding. However, the mechanism by which T3 increases Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hepatocytes has not yet been determined.

Objective
We aimed to determine whether DNA binding of TRβ is required for stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation by T3.

Methods
Wild-type (WT) mice, TRβ knockout mice (TRβ KO), and TRβ mutant mice with either specifically abrogated DNA binding (TRβ GS) or abrogated direct phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase activation (TRβ 147F) were treated with T3 for 6 hours or 7 days. Hepatocyte proliferation was assessed by Kiel-67 (Ki67) staining and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. Activation of β-catenin signaling was measured in primary murine hepatocytes. Gene expression was analyzed by microarray, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results
T3 induced hepatocyte proliferation with an increased number of Ki67-positive cells in WT and TRβ 147F mice (9.2% ± 6.5% and 10.1% ± 2.9%, respectively) compared to TRβ KO and TRβ GS mice (1.2% ± 1.1% and 1.5% ± 0.9%, respectively). Microarray analysis and GSEA showed that genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway—among them, Fzd8 (frizzled receptor 8) and Ctnnb1 (β-catenin)—were positively enriched only in T3-treated WT and TRβ 147F mice while B-cell translocation gene anti-proliferation factor 2 was repressed. Consequently, expression of Ccnd1 (CyclinD1) was induced.

Conclusions
Instead of directly activating Wnt signaling, T3 and TRβ induce key genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, ultimately stimulating hepatocyte proliferation via CyclinD1. Thus, canonical transcriptional TRβ action is necessary for T3-mediated stimulation of hepatocyte proliferation.
Development of a 3D atlas of the embryonic pancreas for topological and quantitative analysis of heterologous cell interactions
Authors: Glorieux Laura , Sapala Aleksandra , Willnow David , Moulis Manon , Salowka Anna , Darrigrand Jean-Francois , Edri Shlomit , Schonblum Anat , Sakhneny Lina , Schaumann Laura , Gómez Harold F. , Lang Christine , Conrad Lisa , Guillemot Fabien , Levenberg Shulamit , Landsman Limor , Iber Dagmar , Pierreux Christophe E. , Spagnoli Francesca M. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Generating comprehensive image maps, while preserving spatial three-dimensional (3D) context, is essential in order to locate and assess quantitatively specific cellular features and cell-cell interactions during organ development. Despite recent advances in 3D imaging approaches, our current knowledge of the spatial organization of distinct cell types in the embryonic pancreatic tissue is still largely based on two-dimensional histological sections. Here, we present a light-sheet fluorescence microscopy approach to image the pancreas in three dimensions and map tissue interactions at key time points in the mouse embryo. We demonstrate the utility of the approach by providing volumetric data, 3D distribution of three main cellular components (epithelial, mesenchymal and endothelial cells) within the developing pancreas, and quantification of their relative cellular abundance within the tissue. Interestingly, our 3D images show that endocrine cells are constantly and increasingly in contact with endothelial cells forming small vessels, whereas the interactions with mesenchymal cells decrease over time. These findings suggest distinct cell-cell interaction requirements for early endocrine cell specification and late differentiation. Lastly, we combine our image data in an open-source online repository (referred to as the Pancreas Embryonic Cell Atlas).
Echolocating Daubenton's bats are resilient to broadband, ultrasonic masking noise during active target approaches
Authors: Foskolos Ilias , Bjerre Pedersen Michael , Beedholm Kristian , Uebel Astrid Særmark , Macaulay Jamie , Stidsholt Laura , Brinkløv Signe , Madsen Peter Teglberg 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Echolocating bats hunt prey on the wing under conditions of poor lighting by emission of loud calls and subsequent auditory processing of weak returning echoes. To do so, they need adequate echo-to-noise ratios (ENRs) to detect and distinguish target echoes from masking noise. Early obstacle avoidance experiments report high resilience to masking in free-flying bats, but whether this is due to spectral or spatiotemporal release from masking, advanced auditory signal detection or an increase in call amplitude (Lombard effect) remains unresolved. We hypothesized that bats with no spectral, spatial or temporal release from masking noise defend a certain ENR via a Lombard effect. We trained four bats (Myotis daubentonii) to approach and land on a target that broadcasted broadband noise at four different levels. An array of seven microphones enabled acoustic localization of the bats and source level estimation of their approach calls. Call duration and peak frequency did not change, but average call source levels (SLRMS, at 0.1 m as dB re. 20 μPa) increased, from 112 dB in the no-noise treatment, to 118 dB (maximum 129 dB) at the maximum noise level of 94 dB re. 20 μPa root mean square. The magnitude of the Lombard effect was small (0.13 dB SLRMS dB−1 of noise), resulting in mean broadband and narrowband ENRs of −11 and 8 dB, respectively, at the highest noise level. Despite these poor ENRs, the bats still performed echo-guided landings, making us conclude that they are very resilient to masking even when they cannot avoid it spectrally, spatially or temporally.
Supplementary data on virus-like particles in the brainstem of Parkinson’s disease patients and controls
Authors: Dourmashkin Robert R. , Locker Peter , McCall Sherman A. , Hannah Matthew J. 
Published: January 2022

In this study, we present 77 transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of human brainstem tissue from 11 cases of late onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). The tissues were fixed, embedded, sectioned, and stained for TEM application. In addition, we present 11 images from autopsy specimens of 1 case of human poliomyelitis infection as positive controls and 12 images from 8 cases of autopsy specimens of other conditions as negative controls. In the TEM images of the PD cases there were cytoplasmic inclusion bodies consisting of virus-like particles (VLP) 30 nm in diameter that were associated with endoplasmic reticulum membranes. In the nuclei of the PD neurons there were VLP ranging from 40 nm to 50 nm in diameter. In the poliomyelitis cases, similar particles as were observed in PD which were interpreted to be poliomyelitis virus particles. In the negative controls one case was identified which showed similar VLP (Figure 1, controls). A Lewy body was found in this “control” case (Figure 10) suggesting that this was an undiagnosed case of PD. Cytoplasmic ribosomes measuring approximately 17 nm were observed in the control neurons.
Association of smoking status with hospitalisation for COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous: a case-control study at a single UK National Health Service trust
Authors: Simons David , Perski Olga , Shahab Lion , Brown Jamie , Bailey Robin 
Published: January 2022

Background: It is unclear whether smoking increases the risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation. We first examined the association of smoking status with hospitalisation for COVID-19 compared with hospitalisation for other respiratory viral infections a year previous. Second, we examined the concordance between smoking status recorded on the electronic health record (EHR) and the contemporaneous medical notes. Methods: This case-control study enrolled adult patients (446 cases and 211 controls) at a single National Health Service trust in London, UK. The outcome variable was type of hospitalisation (COVID-19 vs. another respiratory virus a year previous). The exposure variable was smoking status (never/former/current smoker). Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic position and comorbidities were performed. The study protocol and analyses were pre-registered in April 2020 on the Open Science Framework. Results: Current smokers had lower odds of being hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous (ORadj=0.55, 95% CI=0.31-0.96, p=.04). There was no significant association among former smokers (ORadj=1.08, 95% CI=0.72-1.65, p=.70). Smoking status recorded on the EHR (compared with the contemporaneous medical notes) was incorrectly recorded for 168 (79.6%) controls (χ2(3)=256.5, p=<0.001) and 60 cases (13.5%) (χ2(3)=34.2, p=<0.001). Conclusions: In a single UK hospital trust, current smokers had reduced odds of being hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with other respiratory viruses a year previous, although it is unclear whether this association is causal. Targeted post-discharge recording of smoking status may account for the greater EHR-medical notes concordance observed in cases compared with controls.
Case Report: ASI intervention on a child with autism in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alkhalifah Shahad , Allen Susan , Aldhalaan Hesham 
Published: January 2022

Background: Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) is widely employed by occupational therapists working with clients who experience challenges in sensory integration, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there is a dearth of research examining the feasibility of ASI outside of Western nations. This study documented the barriers associated with ASI in Saudi Arabia and assessed whether the intervention could improve process and participation skills. Methods: A pre-test/post-test case study design was used. The participant was a 4-year-old girl with ASD from Saudi Arabia. Data were gathered on sensory processing, motor skills, and participation in activities of daily living. The study used semi-structured interviews and assessments (Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests, the Sensory Processing Measure-Preschool, and the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2) to develop goals, identify outcome measures, and plan an ASI intervention. Results: Despite the limited availability of resources (e.g., toys, treatment spaces) and Arabic measures, improvements were observed on motor and sensory tasks and in occupational performance. Conclusion: ASI that adheres to the ASI fidelity tool can be of value for Saudi Arabian children with ASD. Additionally, the study provides a stepping-stone to further research for occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia working with children with ASD.
Forecasting electricity consumption of Malaysia’s residential sector: Evidence from an exponential smoothing model
Authors: Ishak Izzaamirah , Othman Nor Salwati , Harun Nor Hamisham 
Published: January 2022

Background: In Malaysia, residential electricity consumption has shown a steady upward trend year by year. Due to this increase in energy consumption, it is important to forecast the value of electricity consumption until the year 2032 to accommodate the electricity demand. Methods: Three exponential smoothing models were compared to identify the most appropriate model in forecasting electricity consumption. The three exponential smoothing models are Simple, Holt, and Brown exponential smoothing. To identify the most appropriate model, a mean absolute percentage (MAPE) was chosen. Results: The results show that Holt’s exponential smoothing has the best performance with the lowest MAPE score of 2.299. Conclusions: Consequently, it was found that electricity consumption would substantially increase from 2647 ktoe (kilotonne of oil equivalent) to 3873 ktoe within the period of 2019 to 2032.
Changing the method of consent to increase the numbers of cadaveric donors in Saudi Arabia: the autonomy paradox
Authors: AL Shawan Deema , Albagmi Faisal , AlNujaidi Heba 
Published: January 2022

Background: In Saudi Arabia, the gap between the demand for and availability of organs persists, with a total of 13,731 patients on the waiting list in 2019. Family refusal is a major obstacle limiting donation since their consent must be obtained prior to the retrieval of organs. The cause of family refusal is mainly due to their lack of knowledge of their loved ones' wish to become a donor. This paper aimed to compare three systems of obtaining consent in terms of effectiveness, respect for autonomy, and the cultural role of families in Saudi Arabia to ensure feasibility and effectiveness in increasing the number of donors. Policy alternatives and implications: The consent systems include informed consent, presumed consent, and mandated choice. The mandated choice policy might be the optimal solution since it is the most likely to balance the respect for individual autonomy and the cultural role of families in Saudi Arabia. Conclusions and recommendations: Mandated choice ensures the respect of autonomy while influencing the next of kin's decision to donate the organs. Additionally, a recommendation to decision makers is to utilize the Tawakkalna app to send alerts to the next of kin when a user registers as a donor with the users' consent. Moreover, more research should be dedicated to investigating the Saudi public's current culture and perceptions towards organ donation to ensure feasibility.
Developing and deploying an efficient genotyping workflow for accelerating maize improvement in developing countries
Authors: Offornedo Queen , Menkir Abebe , Babalola Deborah , Gedil Melaku 
Published: January 2022

Background: Molecular breeding is an essential tool for accelerating genetic gain in crop improvement, towards meeting the need to feed an ever-growing world population. Establishing low-cost, flexible genotyping platforms in small, public and regional laboratories can stimulate the application of molecular breeding in developing countries. These laboratories can serve plant breeding projects requiring low- to medium-density markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) and quality control (QC) activities. Methods: We performed two QC and MAS experiments consisting of 637 maize lines, using an optimised genotyping workflow involving an in-house competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) genotyping system with an optimised sample collection, preparation, and DNA extraction and quantitation process. A smaller volume of leaf-disc size plant samples was collected directly in 96-well plates for DNA extraction, using a slightly modified CTAB-based DArT DNA extraction protocol. DNA quality and quantity analyses were performed using a microplate reader, and the KASP genotyping and data analysis was performed in our laboratory. Results: Applying the optimized genotyping workflow expedited the QC and MAS experiments from over five weeks (when outsourcing) to two weeks and eliminated the shipping cost. Using a set of 28 KASP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) validated for maize, the QC experiment revealed the genetic identity of four maize varieties taken from five seed sources. Another set of 10 KASP SNPs was sufficient in verifying the parentage of 390 F1 lines. The KASP-based MAS was successfully applied to a maize pro-vitamin A (PVA) breeding program and for introgressing the aflatoxin resistance gene into elite tropical maize lines. Conclusion: This improved workflow has helped accelerate maize improvement activities of IITA's Maize Improvement Program and facilitated DNA fingerprinting for tracking improved crop varieties. National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) in developing countries can adopt this workflow to fast-track molecular marker-based genotyping for crop improvement.
Relationships between geomagnetic Ар-indeх and parameters of the immunity in patients with neuroendocrine-immune complex dysfunction in former sportsmen
Authors: Tserkovniuk Ruslan , Yanchij Roman , Plyska Oleksandr , Kovbasnyuk Marta , Chendey Ivanna , Hagner-Derengowska Magdalena , Zukow Xawery , Kałużny Krystian , Muszkieta Radosław , Zukow Walery 
Published: January 2022

Background. The effect of geomagnetism on human immunity has so far been studied through long-term observations. Recently, we have been detected the immediate immunotropic effects of the disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) at multiple sclerosis patients. The aim of this study was to identify the immunotropic effects of geomagnetism on another contingent of people. Material and methods. The object of observation were 21 men (24-63 y) and 20 women (33-62 y) with neuroendocrine-immune complex dysfunction. Each patient was tested twice with an interval of 4 days. Observations were carried out on 09.06. and 13.06. 2015, 14.09 and 18.09. 2015, 27-28.03. and 04-05.04. 2018, 28.01. and 01.02. 2019. Retrospectively we recorded the geomagnetic Ap-Index on the day of testing and during the previous 7 days, using resource https://www.spaceweatherlive.com/. The content of subpopulations of lymphocytes expressing CD3, CD4, CD25, CD8, CD22 and CD56 receptors as well as the serum concentration of circulating immune complexes, immunoglobulins classes M, G, A, C-reactive protein and IL-1β was determined. The state of phagocytic function of neutrophils estimated by microbial count and phagocytic and killing indices against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results. During the week, the average level of Ap-index ranged from 7 to 13 nT. Maximum coefficients of multiple correlation with immunity parameters were detected for Ap-index on the eve of blood sampling (R=0,768) and 5 days before it (R=0,758) while the minimum on 3 (R=0,541) and 2 (R=0,479) days before sampling. The canonical correlation between Ap-indices for 7 days before and on the day of testing, on the one hand, and the immunity parameters - on the other hand, was very strong: R=0,921; R2=0,849; χ2(200)=375; p<10-6. Conclusion. Disturbances of the geomagnetic field (Ap-index) has a significant immediate modulating effect on the immune parameters, mostly phagocytosis completeness, Igg A and M serum concentration, T-helper and B lymphocytes as well as eosinophils, rod-shaped neutrophils and monocytes blood level.