bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural‐urban differences in monkeypox behaviors and attitudes among men who have sex with men in the United States
Authors: Owens Christopher , Hubach Randolph D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeAn outbreak of the monkeypox virus has been documented in the United States with most cases occurring among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). As monkeypox cases increase among relatively rural states, current public health messaging may not resonate with rural at‐risk populations. Given this, there is a need to assess potential rural‐urban differences in monkeypox behaviors and attitudes among MSM.MethodsA total of 582 eligible MSM completed an online cross‐sectional survey between August 6 and 15, 2022. Participants answered questions about their demographics, sexual behaviors, monkeypox testing and vaccination behaviors, monkeypox media consumption and attitudes, and their intention and attitudes found in the Health Belief Model of getting the monkeypox vaccine. Rural‐urban differences in behaviors and attitudes were assessed with a chi‐square test of independence. Differences in intention to get vaccinated and Health Belief Model factors were assessed with a Mann‐Whitney U test.FindingsRural MSM, in comparison to their urban counterparts, were found to be less likely to report modifying their behaviors to decrease monkeypox exposure, being susceptible to monkeypox, or perceiving severe consequences acquiring monkeypox. Similarly, rural MSM had a lower intention to get vaccinated for monkeypox.ConclusionsAs vaccination uptake among rural populations for vaccine‐preventable diseases remains suboptimal, results from this novel study can inform the development of monkeypox prevention, testing, and vaccination messaging campaigns geared toward rural MSM and other at‐risk populations. It will be important to ensure that monkeypox prevention, testing, and vaccination interventions are available and accessible in rural areas.
Emotion regulation mediates the effects of sleep on stress and aggression
Authors: Demichelis Olivia P. , Grainger Sarah A. , Burr Lucy , Henry Julie D. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIt is well established that poor sleep directly increases stress and aggression, but potential mediators of this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study provided the first direct test of whether capacity for emotion regulation mediated the relationship between sleep with stress. It also aimed to extend current understanding of whether emotion regulation might mediate the association between sleep and aggression, by assessing four distinct subcomponents of aggression (anger, hostility, verbal aggression, and physical aggression). In service of these goals, 740 participants completed validated measures of sleep, stress, aggression, and emotion regulation. Results showed that emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between sleep quality with stress, anger, hostility, and verbal aggression, and fully mediated the relationship between sleep with physical aggression. These data provide novel evidence that emotion regulation abilities may serve as a protective factor against the negative consequences of sleep disturbances.
Genomic signals of local adaptation and hybridization in Asian white birch
Authors: Nocchi Gabriele , Wang Jing , Yang Long , Ding Junyi , Gao Ying , Buggs Richard J. A. , Wang Nian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDisentangling the numerous processes that affect patterns of genome‐wide diversity in widespread tree species has important implications for taxonomy, conservation, and forestry. Here, we investigate the population genomic structure of Asian white birch (Betula platyphylla) in China and seek to explain it in terms of hybridization, demography and adaptation. We generate whole genome sequence data from 83 individuals across the species range in China. Combining this with an existing data set for 79 European and Russian white birches, we show a clear distinction between B. pendula and B. platyphylla, which have sometimes been lumped taxonomically. Genomic diversity of B. platyphylla in north‐western China and Central Russia is affected greatly by hybridization with B. pendula. Excluding these hybridized populations, B. platyphylla in China has a linear distribution from north‐eastern to south‐western China, along the edge of the inland mountainous region. Within this distribution, three genetic clusters are found, which we model as long diverged with subsequent episodes of gene flow. Patterns of covariation between allele frequencies and environmental variables in B. platyphylla suggest the role of natural selection in the distribution of diversity at 7609 SNPs of which 3767 were significantly differentiated among the genetic clusters. The putative adaptive SNPs are distributed throughout the genome and span 1633 genic regions. Of these genic regions, 87 were previously identified as candidates for selective sweeps in Eurasian B. pendula. We use the 7609 environmentally associated SNPs to estimate the risk of nonadaptedness for each sequenced B. platyphylla individual under a scenario of future climate change, highlighting areas where populations may be under future threat from rising temperatures.
Waiting for home: The experience of delayed discharge for people with dementia
Authors: Sakamoto Mariko , Phinney Alison , Thompson Genevieve 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionIndividuals who remain in hospital once their health has stabilised experience delayed discharge. This often occurs for people with dementia when care needs exceed what can be managed at home. There is little research that takes into account the experience and needs of these patients. This Interpretive Description (ID) study, theoretically grounded in personhood and social citizenship perspectives, focused on the perspectives of people with dementia experiencing delayed discharge to address this gap in research and to better understand how nursing care can be improved for them.MethodsTwenty‐one individuals participated in this study: eight patient participants experiencing delayed discharge and living with dementia, six family members, and seven nurses. Data collection methods primarily included participant observations, totalling 100 h of observations. Fourteen semi‐structured interviews were also conducted with family members and nurses and with one patient participant. Informal conversations were undertaken with patient participants who did not take part in interviews.ResultsThematic analysis resulted in three main themes, encapsulating the patients' experiences: (1) Living and Waiting; (2) Distress and Behaviours; and (3) Looking Beyond the Designation. Findings are discussed in the context of the passive nature of delayed discharge care, the need for person‐centred care, and prevailing discourses around the behavioural symptoms of dementia.ConclusionImplications for nursing practice include the need to acknowledge and foster the abilities of people with dementia. The behaviour narrative and labelling prevalent in hospitals must also be challenged. Lastly, nurses need to recognise the significant transition that is the delayed discharge experience, especially for people with dementia. This study advocates for person‐centred and inclusive nursing care, where ongoing needs are recognised and addressed, particularly for people with dementia experiencing delayed discharge, who are waiting for home.
A Feedback Loop of LINC00665 and the Wnt Signaling Pathway Expedites Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Bai Jinyu , Zhang Xiao , Jiang Fengxian , Shan Huajian , Gao Xiang , Bo Lin , Zhang Yingzi 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesOsteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor with frequent occurrence among teenagers. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pro‐cancer roles in many tumors. The purpose of this study was to figure out the functional role of a novel lncRNA long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 665 (LINC00665) in OS by observing the OS cell behaviors.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to analyze LINC00665 expression in OS cells. Cell function assays assessed the impacts of LINC00665 on OS cell phenotype. Immunofluorescence and western blot analyzed the function of LINC00665 on epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OS. Moreover, mechanistic assays analyzed the downstream mechanism of LINC00665 in OS cells.ResultsLINC00665 was significantly up‐regulated in OS cells. LINC00665 silence facilitated OS cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT while inhibiting cell apoptosis. Mechanically, LINC00665 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR‐1249‐5p and thereby modulated Wnt family member 2B (WNT2B) to activate Wnt pathway. Wnt pathway activated LINC00665 expression transcriptionally.ConclusionsOur study uncovered the cancer‐promoting role of LINC00665 in OS, and the feedback loop of LINC00665/miR‐1249‐5p/WNT2B/Wnt might be a potential target for OS treatment.
Local diversity of drought resistance and resilience in Populus tomentosa correlates with the variation of DNA methylation
Authors: Zhou Jiaxuan , Xiao Liang , Huang Rui , Song Fangyuan , Li Lianzheng , Li Peng , Fang Yuanyuan , Lu Wenjie , Lv Chenfei , Quan Mingyang , Zhang Deqiang , Du Qingzhang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLittle information is known about DNA methylation variation in shaping environment‐specific drought resistance and resilience for tree adaptation. In this study, we leveraged RNA sequencing and whole‐genome bisulfite sequencing data to dissect the distinction of epigenetic regulation under drought stress and rewater condition of Populus tomentosa accessions from three geographical regions. We demonstrated low resistance and high resilience for accessions from South. Non‐CG methylation levels in promoter regions of Southern accessions were lower than accessions from higher latitudes and negatively regulated gene expression. CHH context methylation was more sensitive to drought stress, and the geographical‐specific differentially methylated regions were scarcely changed by environmental fluctuation. We identified 60 conserved hub genes within the co‐expression networks that correlate with photosynthetic and stomatal morphological traits. Epigenome‐wide association studies and genome‐wide association studies of these 60 hub genes revealed the interdependency between genetic and epigenetic variation in GATA9 and LECRK‐VIII.2, which was associated with stomatal morphology and chlorophyll content. The natural epigenetic variation in GATA9 was also faithfully transmitted to progenies in two family‐based F1 populations. This study indicates a functional relationship of DNA methylation diversity with drought resistance and resilience which offers new insights into plants’ local adaptation to a stressful environment.
Linear morphea with overlying lichen sclerosus and calcinosis cutis associated with juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Kaur Maninder , Sadhukhan Subhajit , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Patra Suman , Rao Meenakshi , Alam Afroz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractJuvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is associated with many distinguishing features including cutaneous calcinosis, vasculitis, and ulcerated lesions. In this case, we describe an unusual presentation in a 12‐year‐old girl who had muscle weakness along with linear morphea over the right upper and lower extremities with overlying lichen sclerosus and calcinosis cutis. Of interest, these initial cutaneous manifestations occurred years before onset of myositis.
Differential response to DMI, QoI and SDHI fungicides in wheat and signal grass blast populations from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Cazón Luis Ignácio , Ascari João Paulo , dos Santos Gustavo Bilibio , Del Ponte Emerson Medeiros 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFungicides play an important role in wheat blast management in Brazil. To determine whether the reported patterns of fungicide resistance are present in Pyricularia oryzae populations from wheat and signal grass grown in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, we characterized the sensitivity of a contemporary collection (2018 and 2019) of 64 fungal isolates to seven fungicides belonging to DMI (tebuconazole and epoxiconazole), QoI (azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin) and SDHI (bixafen, fluxapyroxad and benzovindiflupyr) groups. We further assessed if the differential sensitivity of selected isolates affected disease control using commercial doses of the fungicides applied protectively (prior to inoculation) on the heads of potted plants. Despite finding relatively low levels of in vitro sensitivity to some of the fungicides (e.g., azoxystrobin, fluxapyroxad and bixafen), control efficacies (percentage reductions in head blast severity) were significantly higher than the untreated plants and not affected by the sensitivity of the strain to all fungicides but azoxystrobin. The levels of head blast control for some of the fungicides (>70%) in the greenhouse were similar to or higher than previously reported in the field. The molecular data for a set of isolates representing different fungicide sensitivity levels were generally not predictive of the phenotype. The wheat‐infecting isolates were less sensitive than signal grass‐infecting isolates to all fungicides including azoxystrobin. Our study not only confirms previous reports of low sensitivity to some fungicides, but it also suggests options among site‐specific fungicides, most notably tebuconazole and benzovindiflupyr, that can still be used under an antiresistance strategy such as coformulation with multisite fungicides.
The public‐facing policy agenda of state legislatures: The communication of public policy via twitter
Authors: Peterson David A. M. , Tavanapong Wallapak , Qi Lei , Sukul Adisak , Khaleel Mohammed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHow political actors choose which politics to focus on helps shape the outcome of the policy process. While the policy agenda of the federal government has received widespread attention, there is much less known about the policy agendas of the U.S. states. In this paper, we describe how and why states choose to have similar agendas. We rely on the Twitter activity of every state legislator in America to measure the attention that states pay to the categories developed in the Policy Agenda Project (PAP). We develop machine learning tools to measure the proportion of tweets from every state legislature from 2017 in each of the PAP policy topics. Our results show that states that the public‐facing policy agenda of a state legislature is correlated with the level of legislative professionalism and the partisan and ideological politics of the state. These results further our understanding of state policymaking and agenda setting.
Role of short courses on nailfold capillaroscopy in obtaining abilities for the identification of microvasculopathy in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon
Authors: Miziołek Bartosz , Pieczyrak Robert , Polak Karina , Frątczak Aleksandra , Jedlecka Aleksandra , Grosicka Anida , Bergler‐Czop Beata 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionAn early distinction between “normal” and “abnormal” capillaroscopic pattern during the first visit to a dermatologist has a crucial significance for a diagnostic management of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). There exists a question about the level of expertise sufficient to evaluate the microcirculation.AimTo evaluate the utility of short courses on NFC among dermatologists and medical students in obtaining sufficient abilities for the identification of microvasculopathy in patients with RP using videocapillaroscope and handheld dermoscope.MethodsBoth groups participated in 1‐h course on NFC. Before the course, participants were asked to classify 20 videocapillaroscopic and 10 dermoscopic capillaroscopic pictures into “normal” or “abnormal” pattern. Each picture was displayed on a separate slide MS PowerPoint for 10 s. The evaluation was repeated soon after the course.ResultsA total of 36 dermatologists and 49 medical students were enrolled. The rate of properly classified dermoscopic and videodermoscopic pictures increased after the course in both groups, but students improved the accuracy of classification on dermoscopic pictures to the greater extent than dermatologists. The rate of correctly recognized pictures with “abnormal” pattern was significantly greater than ones with “normal” pattern at the baseline and after the course, independently of imagining tool.ConclusionsShort courses on NFC may improve the classification of capillaroscopic images, even in medical staff with no previous experience in NFC. The recognition of capillaroscopic abnormalities seems to be easier than obtaining the confidence that evaluated picture has “normal pattern.”
Direitos Estatutários Autônomos no Contexto da Tutela Multinível
Authors: Miras Antonio Péres 
Published: November 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a conjuntura em que o conceito de direito estatutário está inserido, bem como compreender a sua natureza e relação com o contexto da tutela multinível de direitos. Para atender a esta demanda será necessário realizar uma abordagem histórica, visando explorar os meandros advindos dos Estatutos de Autonomia e as características que os circundam. A fim de explorar essa discussão serão analisadas duas jurisprudências do Tribunal Constitucional espanhol, são elas: a sentença 247/2007 e a sentença 31/2010, que versam acerca das profundas reformas ocorridas nas Comunidades Autônomas de Valência e Catalunha, respectivamente. Conclui-se que compreender as declarações de direitos estatutários como integrantes do conteúdo dos Estatutos de Autonomia pode contribuir materialmente para um maior envolvimento político dos cidadãos em suas comunidades.
Palavras-chave: Estatutos de Autonomia. Direito estatutário. Constitucionalismo. Tribunal Constitucional Espanhol.
The Self-Adhesive Properties of Carbon Activated-Like Shape Coin Derived From Palmae Plant Waste and Used as High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Farma Rakhmawati , Winalda Bela , Apriyani Irma 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Synthesized biomass-based carbonaceous materials from Palmae plant wastes with self-adhesive properties, converted into coin-like shapes, are used as supercapacitor electrodes with high power and energy density, high specific capacitance, excellent electrical conductivity, low cost, and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate a simple and cost-effective method to generate porous carbon activation from Palmae plant waste biomass, namely areca leaf midrib (ALM). Activated carbon (AC) material derived from ALM was obtained through precarbonization, alkaline chemical activation, and two-step pyrolysis, namely carbonization and physical activation at 600 °C and 700 °C in the N2 as well as CO2 atmosphere, respectively. Its physical properties show an sp2 structure with high graphitization or amorphousness and two sloping peaks in the hkl plane at an angle of 2θ, approximately 24 deg and 44 deg. The electrochemical properties of AC supercapacitor cells derived from ALM biomass have the highest specific capacitance value of 216 F g−1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1 in a two-electrode system. Furthermore, the cell obtained a maximum energy density of 11 W h kg−1 and a power density of 196 W kg−1, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends an innovative and environmentally safe approach for producing high-performance supercapacitor cell electrodes for energy storage without adding nanomaterials and externally doped heteroatoms.
Novel Organobimetallic Liquid Catalyst for Enhancing Oil Recovery in Sand-Pack Columns
Authors: Alarbah Ali , Shirif Ezeddin , Jia Na , Bumraiwha Hamdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe employing of a self-synthesized organobimetallic catalyst as a viscosity reducing agent to upgrade the heavy oil as well as the mechanisms of enhancing heavy oil recovery are investigated in this study. The components in treated and untreated heavy oil (saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes or SARA) were assessed, as well as the effects of organobimetallic liquid catalyst (OLC) on viscosity, density, and interfacial tension (IFT) of heavy oil samples were investigated. The results indicate that the OLC-treated heavy oil exhibited reduced viscosity and density. The findings also demonstrate that the presence of the OLC significantly altered the heavy oil's composition and eliminated several contaminants. The effects of OLC treatment on heavy oil recovery were also studied. OLC enhanced the mobility of heavy oil by reducing the IFT of oil brine and increased the recovery factor by 20.36% when compared to untreated heavy oil. These findings will need to be further refined and tested in terms of OLC concentration and other process parameters, but they shed light on a promising initial step toward commercial applications.
The Burning Characteristics of Transformer Oil Spill Fire on Horizontal and Inclined Substrate Under Continuous Leakage Condition
Authors: Li Liyang , Chen Peng , Sun Ruibang , Zhai Xu , Shi Congling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spill fire is a typical fire type that endangers industrial safety. This work systematically investigates the burning characteristics of transformer oil spill fire under different fuel leakage rates and substrate tilt angles, and the fuel flow hydrodynamic parameters. According to the flame spread behavior and substrate temperature distribution, the spill fire spread process is divided into four stages and the substrate is divided into three zones. The relative difference between max burning length and stable burning length is positively correlated with the substrate tilt angle. The increase of fuel flow velocity contributes to the flame spread velocity, but the increase of fuel flow velocity and the decrease of fuel layer thickness weaken the accelerating effect of surface flow on flame spread, which leads to a decreasing trend of flame spread velocity increase. The spill fire mass burning rate is 0.161–0.358 times of pool fire, and the increase of heat loss due to fuel flow and the radiant heat loss through the fuel layer dissipated through the substrate are the main reasons for the lower mass burning rate than pool fire. The research results provide basic data and references for further research on the formation mechanism of heavy oil spill fire and the prevention and control of small-scale spill fire.
Vibration-Based Bridge Damage Detection Using Image-Based Pre-Trained Deep Learning Network
Authors: Song Xi , Dyogi Joshua , Cho Chunhee 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Vibration-based damage detection has become one of the principal practices to prevent structural collapses in civil, mechanical, and other engineering disciplines. Meanwhile, with the advancement of computing technology, various machine learning (ML) approaches have been applied toward structural damage detection through the application of post-processing algorithms. To accurately predict damages with ML, large amounts of structural response data are collected from a series of sensors attached to the structure. Therefore, the damage diagnosis requires high computational efforts. To address such an issue, this paper presents a revolutionary approach utilizing an image-based pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) to detect bridge damage locations and severities. Our research adopted scalograms from wavelet transform to convert structure acceleration data into image data. Compared with the traditional frequency analysis derived from the Fourier transform, the new method maintains both spatial and temporal information from the original structural behaviors. To generate CNN learning features, six channels of acceleration data are gathered from six strategically selected points of a finite element (FE) bridge model. Two pre-trained CNN, AlexNet and Resnet, are selected to conduct transfer machine learning for higher training efficiency. The performances of the proposed method are assessed with various damage scenarios. The prediction accuracies of AlexNet and Resnet are 98% and 100%, respectively.