bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic analysis of volumetric ultrasound parameters for markerless 4D motion tracking
Authors: Sprenger Johanna , Bengs Marcel , Gerlach Stefan , Neidhardt Maximilian , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Motion compensation is an interesting approach to improve treatments of moving structures. For example, target motion can substantially affect dose delivery in radiation therapy, where methods to detect and mitigate the motion are widely used. Recent advances in fast, volumetric ultrasound have rekindled the interest in ultrasound for motion tracking. We present a setup to evaluate ultrasound based motion tracking and we study the effect of imaging rate and motion artifacts on its performance.

Methods
We describe an experimental setup to acquire markerless 4D ultrasound data with precise ground truth from a robot and evaluate different real-world trajectories and system settings toward accurate motion estimation. We analyze motion artifacts in continuously acquired data by comparing to data recorded in a step-and-shoot fashion. Furthermore, we investigate the trade-off between the imaging frequency and resolution.

Results
The mean tracking errors show that continuously acquired data leads to similar results as data acquired in a step-and-shoot fashion. We report mean tracking errors up to 2.01 mm and 1.36 mm on the continuous data for the lower and higher resolution, respectively, while step-and-shoot data leads to mean tracking errors of 2.52 mm and 0.98 mm.

Conclusions
We perform a quantitative analysis of different system settings for motion tracking with 4D ultrasound. We can show that precise tracking is feasible and additional motion in continuously acquired data does not impair the tracking. Moreover, the analysis of the frequency resolution trade-off shows that a high imaging resolution is beneficial in ultrasound tracking.
BTK Inhibitors and CAR T-Cell Therapy in Treating Mantle Cell Lymphoma—Finding a Dancing Partner
Authors: Munoz Javier L. , Wang Yucai , Jain Preetesh , Wang Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review focuses on the feasibility of combining Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors (BTKis) with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Potential scenarios for combination treatment with these agents are presented.Recent FindingsBTKis and CAR T-cell therapy have revolutionized the treatment paradigm for R/R MCL. Ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib are covalent irreversible BTKis approved for R/R MCL. Brexucabtagene autoleucel was the first CAR T-cell therapy approved for R/R MCL based on findings from the ZUMA-2 trial. There is evidence to suggest that combination treatment with BTKis and CAR T-cell therapy may improve CAR T-cell efficacy.SummaryAs BTKis and CAR T-cell therapy become mainstays in R/R MCL therapy, combination treatment strategies should be evaluated for their potential benefit in R/R MCL.
‘Quomodo cantabimus canticum Domini in terra aliena?’ Jesuit Re-invention of Scriptural Commentary in a Newly Recovered Text from Seventeenth-Century Quito
Authors: Genghini Maria Giulia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA large quantity of manuscripts survives from the vast network of Jesuit libraries established across South America, including many examples of a distinctive kind of Latin Jesuit scriptural meditation. Although the social and economic influence of the Jesuits in South America has been well documented, no study has focussed on the literary and theological interest of these scriptural meditations, or the significant extent to which they innovate scriptural reading in response to the spiritual challenges posed by the new missionary contexts. The submitted article offers a close reading of a fascinating example of this innovative exegetical style by examining excerpts from the Canticum Habacuc Illustratum by Lucas Vicente Imperial (Quito, 1642). While bringing to light the Augustinian models that inspire this particular kind of exegetical reception, the text also shows the nuances of Jesuit biblical exegesis and its specific connection with contemporary and practical needs.
Addictive social media use during Covid-19 outbreak: Validation of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and investigation of protective factors in nine countries
Authors: Brailovskaia Julia , Margraf Jürgen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the Covid-19 outbreak, addictive social media use increased in many countries. To better understand this development, a universal instrument for the assessment of addictive social media use is required. Against this background, we examined the psychometric properties of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) in representative population samples in nine countries (N = 9418, age range: “18 to 24 years” (youngest group), “55 years and older” (oldest group): China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Furthermore, we investigated potential factors and mechanisms that could be associated with addictive social media use. Our cross-national findings show that the BSMAS is a unidimensional reliable and valid instrument. Moreover, they reveal that the negative association between positive mental health and addictive social media use is mediated by sense of control in seven of the nine countries (exception: China, Russia). Thus, it can be hypothesized that activities which increase positive mental health could indirectly contribute to the decrease of addictive social media use. We identified conscious engagement in physical activity and a regular sleep rhythm during the pandemic as such potential activities. The fostering of both by governmental programs could enhance positive mental health and reduce addictive social media use.
Bildung und Oxidation von Methan in tauendem Permafrost
Authors: Liebner Susanne , Heslop Joanne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPermafrost regions store between 1.100 and 1.500 gigatons of organic carbon and account for about 50 % of the world’s soil carbon storage. About 10–20 % of near-surface permafrost has been lost due to increases in surface temperatures between 1960 and 2000, and between 10–65 % of near-surface permafrost is expected to disappear by the year 2100. The organic matter in permafrost is only weakly protected and most of it is therefore available for microbial degradation. Microorganisms thus play a central role for the permafrost carbon feedback.
Visualisierung endogener Proteine in ihrer natürlichen Umgebung
Authors: Huhn Christiane , Broichhagen Johannes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVarious visualization methods exist to understand crucial features of proteins, such as localization and movement. However, traditional approaches for their detection may lead to biological perturbances. To reflect the ideal, native situation in living cells, we need new, custom-tailored tools. Chemical biology is able to provide this by using, among others, fluorescently labelled peptides. These set benchmarks in imaging the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor, a drug target in the treatment of diabetes.
Neue Einblicke in die Genregulation mittels funktioneller Multiomik
Authors: Bressin Annkatrin , Mayer Andreas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTranscription by RNA polymerase II underlies fundamental cellular processes in eukaryotic cells, representing a major regulatory hub in gene expression. Transcription is tightly coupled with co-transcriptional RNA processing to allow the synthesis of functional RNAs. A misregulation can cause human disease. The recent advent of functional multiomics approaches now provides new general insights into the molecular mechanisms that control and link transcription with RNA maturation in cells.
Abseits der Regel — Terpene mit ungewöhnlichen Kohlenstoffgerüsten
Authors: Buchhaupt Markus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe natural substance class of terpenoids covers an extremely wide range of different structures, although their building block repertoire is strongly limited. Methyltransferases from bacterial natural product pathways can add carbon atoms to cellular terpene precursors and thereby expand the accessible chemical space of the products. Here we present examples for the application of such enzymes to produce novel and unusual terpene molecules.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Genom und Phänotyp
Authors: Korte Arthur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the causal relationship between genotype and phenotype is a major objective in biology. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) correlate genetic polymorphisms with trait variation and have already identified causative variants for various traits in many different organisms, from humans to plants. Importantly, many adaptive traits, like the regulation of flowering time in plants, are not regulated by distinct genetic effects, but by more sophisticated gene regulatory networks.
Building digital platform ecosystems through standardization: an institutional work approach
Authors: Costabile Carolina , Iden Jon , Bygstad Bendik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the development of standards for technologies and work practices in a digital platform ecosystem. Standards are needed for technical and organizational compatibility across the actors’ different systems, technologies, data, and business processes. However, little is known about how actors achieve common standards in collaborative ecosystems where a clear platform leader is missing. Based on a longitudinal, qualitative case study of a digital platform ecosystem within the Norwegian aquaculture industry, we examined how the actors collaborated on building a digital platform ecosystem with the aim of fighting sea lice on salmon through standardization. We contribute to research and practice by providing a preliminary framework of four institutional work practices for standardization in digital ecosystems and three key lessons learned for guidance for practitioners.
“Killer Joules”: spores of Bipolaris sorokiniana and fusarium species are susceptible to microwave radiation
Authors: Petronaitis Toni , Forknall Clayton , Brodie Graham , Simpfendorfer Steven , Backhouse David 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCereal production in Australia is severely impacted by diseases such as Fusarium crown rot (caused predominantly by Fusarium pseudograminearum) and common root rot (caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana). These diseases are particularly difficult to manage because inoculum can survive at least three years within cereal stubble, or four years in soil in the case of B. sorokiniana. Microwave radiation may be able to reduce or eliminate inoculum within stubble and soil. Several cereal pathogens have been previously shown to be susceptible to microwave radiation, but the energy requirements to achieve a significant decrease in pathogen populations were not defined. Laboratory based microwave dose-response experiments on conidia of B. sorokiniana and macroconidia of F. pseudograminearum and F. cerealis revealed that all three pathogens are susceptible to microwave radiation, with lethal dose (LD) thresholds estimated for each pathogen. Bipolaris sorokiniana conidia required 103.8 Jg− 1 and 236.6 Jg− 1 of microwave radiation energy for LD50 and LD99, respectively, whilst F. pseudograminearum required 78.4 Jg− 1 and 300.8 Jg− 1 and F. cerealis required 95.3 Jg− 1 and 152.7 Jg− 1 for LD50 and LD99, respectively. These results were derived from experiments whereby samples were microwaved for up to 10 s using a domestic 1100 W microwave oven. These timing and energy requirements serve as a starting point to define requirements for further development of microwave radiation treatments under field conditions.
The dual of Bertrand with homogenous products is Cournot with perfect complements
Authors: Bertoletti Paolo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe quantity-setting (Cournot) oligopoly with perfect complements is dual to the price-setting (Betrand) oligopoly with homogeneous goods. Under mild technical conditions the former setting has a unique (pure strategy) Nash equilibrium with null quantities. As an implication, the provision of perfectly complementary goods might actually be impossible, if the market is not either perfectly competitive or monopolized.
Stable dispersibility of bentonite-type additive with gemini ionic liquid intercalation structure for oil-based drilling
Authors: Zhang Chaoyang , Dong Rui , Wang Xingang , Liang Yijing , Zhang Ming , Yu Qiangliang , Tang Zhongping , Lv Huiying , Wang Liping , Cai Meirong , Zhou Feng , Liu Weimin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, the direct intercalation of gemini ionic liquids (ILs) with different alkyl chains into the bentonite (BT) interlayer as a high-performance lubricating additive for base oil 500SN was investigated. The purpose of modifying BT with an IL is to improve the dispersion stability and lubricity of BT in lubricating oil. The dispersibility and tribological properties of IL—BT as oil-based additives for 500SN depend on the increase in interlamellar space in BT and improve as the chain length is increased. More importantly, the IL—BT nanomaterial outperforms individual BT in improving wear resistance, owing to its sheet layers were deformed and sprawled in furrows along the metal surface, thereby resulting in low surface adhesion. Because of its excellent lubrication performance, IL-modified BT is a potential candidate for the main component of drilling fluid. It can be used as a lubricating additive in oil drilling and oil well construction to reduce equipment damage and ensure the normal operation of equipments.
Detection of Monilinia spp. by a multiplex real-time PCR assay and first report of Monilinia fructicola in South Tyrol (northern Italy)
Authors: Spitaler Urban , Pfeifer Anna , Deltedesco Evi , Hauptkorn Sabine , Oettl Sabine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBrown rot decay of stone and pome fruit caused by Monilinia spp. is an economically important disease. The main pathogens in Italy are the indigenous species Monilinia laxa and M. fructigena, and the invasive species M. fructicola. The presence of M. fructicola in Italy was reported for the first time in 2008 in Cuneo, Piedmont. Further records showed that M. fructicola spread and established rapidly in other regions of Italy. In South Tyrol, Europe's largest contiguous apple-growing area, the cultivation of stone fruit is an increasingly important agricultural branch for small-holder farmers of the mountainous areas. Up to now, it was unknown if M. fructicola is present and how M. laxa and M. fructigena are distributed. Therefore, plant protection strategies were applied without knowledge of the species present in the orchards. To detect the three Monilinia spp. on stone fruit trees and to determine their distribution, samples of fruit mummies were taken from scattered stone fruit trees and from sweet cherry orchards. A multiplex real-time PCR was applied to detect Monilinia spp. in the fruit mummies. The results showed the presence of M. fructicola for the first time in South Tyrol on three locations and that M. laxa was the predominant species, followed by M. fructigena.
Experimental analysis on waterjet-guided Nd: YAG laser thin wood machining
Authors: Doumbia Bakary S. , Yang Chunmei , Ma Yan , Liu Qingwei , Qu Wen , Liu Jiuqing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Waterjet-Guided Laser (WJGL) machining is an advanced technique providing efficiency and precision for wood machining. The present study investigates the practical demonstration and analysis of laminated object manufacturing (LOM) WJGL for thin wood machining. A theoretical process of wood laser cutting was established, expressing relations between the cut kerf width and the influencing parameters. WJG Nd: YAG laser system was utilized for machining Korean pine and Northeast China ash specimen of 3 mm thickness, each with 7.21 and 7.13% of water content, respectively, under different machining conditions. The effects of process parameters and influences on woodcut surface geometry were analyzed via analysis of variance (ANOVA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The investigated parameters include the laser cutting speed, power, kerf width, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and cut surface roughness. The study shows that the kerf width and surface were significantly influenced by WJGL power, followed by the cutting speed. For both wood specimens, at a fixed laser cutting speed of 2.36 mm/s, the kerf width increases significantly with laser power, affecting the cut surface quality accordingly. At 6 W and 8 W, the cut kerf geometry and surface quality were excellent for the Pinus Koraiensis, with kerf widths of 0.79 and 0.852 mm, respectively. At a fixed laser power of 8 W, the kerf width decreases with the cutting speed, affecting the cut surface quality. At a cutting speed of 4.33 mm/s, an excellent cut surface of Fraxinus mandshurica was observed with 0.808 mm of kerf width. Depending on the machining conditions, the kerf width variations of Korean pine were more significant than the Northeast China ash. LOM-WJGL is an efficient and eco-friendly technique for thin wood processing.

Graphical abstract

Article Highlights

Practical modeling demonstration of waterjet guided laser (WJGL) wood machining.

Experimental investigation of different wood specimens under influenced process parameters and machining conditions.

Characterization and identification of suitable wood types for efficient and eco-friendly applications.
Calibration of orthotropic plasticity- and damage models for micro-sandwich materials
Authors: Hammarberg Samuel , Kajberg Jörgen , Larsson Simon , Moshfegh Ramin , Jonsén Pär 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSandwich structures are commonly used to increase bending-stiffness without significantly increasing weight. In particular, micro-sandwich materials have been developed with the automotive industry in mind, being thin and formable. In the present work, it is investigated if micro-sandwich materials may be modeled using commercially available material models, accounting for both elasto-plasticity and fracture. A methodology for calibration of both the constitutive- and the damage model of micro-sandwich materials is presented. To validate the models, an experimental T-peel test is performed on the micro-sandwich material and compared with the numerical models. The models are found to be in agreement with the experimental data, being able to recreate the force response as well as the fracture of the micro-sandwich core.
Automated Model Inference for Gaussian Processes: An Overview of State-of-the-Art Methods and Algorithms
Authors: Berns Fabian , Hüwel Jan , Beecks Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGaussian process models (GPMs) are widely regarded as a prominent tool for learning statistical data models that enable interpolation, regression, and classification. These models are typically instantiated by a Gaussian Process with a zero-mean function and a radial basis covariance function. While these default instantiations yield acceptable analytical quality in terms of model accuracy, GPM inference algorithms automatically search for an application-specific model fitting a particular dataset. State-of-the-art methods for automated inference of GPMs are searching the space of possible models in a rather intricate way and thus result in super-quadratic computation time complexity for model selection and evaluation. Since these properties only enable processing small datasets with low statistical versatility, various methods and algorithms using global as well as local approximations have been proposed for efficient inference of large-scale GPMs. While the latter approximation relies on representing data via local sub-models, global approaches capture data’s inherent characteristics by means of an educated sample. In this paper, we investigate the current state-of-the-art in automated model inference for Gaussian processes and outline strengths and shortcomings of the respective approaches. A performance analysis backs our theoretical findings and provides further empirical evidence. It indicates that approximated inference algorithms, especially locally approximating ones, deliver superior runtime performance, while maintaining the quality level of those using non-approximative Gaussian processes.
Increasing 2020‐Like Boreal Summer Rainfall Extremes Over Northeast Indian Subcontinent Under Greenhouse Warming
Authors: Tang Haosu , Wang Jun , Hu Kaiming , Huang Gang , Chowdary Jasti S. , Wang Ya , Wang Ziyue , Tang Bin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExtreme persistent rainfall poses serious impacts on human and natural systems, predominately through its related hydrogeological disasters. Due to sustained heavy downpours, the summer of 2020 was the second wettest on record over Northeast Indian subcontinent since 1901. Here, we find that this orographically anchored extreme rainfall event was largely associated with the anomalous anticyclone (AAC) over the Indo‐Northwest Pacific region and La Niña‐induced Walker circulation intensification. The overall effect of anthropogenic forcings contributed little to the occurrence probability of this event, because the warming and wetting effects of greenhouse gases were almost negated by anthropogenic aerosols. Climate models project a prominent increasing trend of such extreme event under future greenhouse‐induced warming due to increase in atmospheric water vapor and 2020‐like AAC frequency. Our findings thus call for scaling up climate change adaptation efforts for increasingly extreme persistent rainfall in highly populated but low‐resilience South Asian developing countries.
Impact of Soft Electron Precipitation on the Thermospheric Neutral Mass Density During Geomagnetic Storms: GITM Simulations
Authors: Zhu Qingyu , Deng Yue , Sheng Cheng , Anderson Philip , Bukowski Aaron 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, the impact of improving soft (0.1–1 keV) electron precipitation on the F‐region neutral mass density has been evaluated using the Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (GITM). Two types of electron energy spectra having the same total energy flux and average energy but different spectral shapes have been used to specify the electron precipitation in GITM. One is the Maxwellian spectrum and the other is from an empirical model, Auroral Spectrum and High‐Latitude Electric field variabilitY (ASHLEY), which provides stronger (up to 2–3 orders of magnitude) soft electron precipitations than the Maxwellian spectrum. Data‐model comparisons indicate that the storm‐time orbital averaged neutral density can be increased by 10%–40% and is more consistent with the observation if the non‐Maxwellian ASHLEY spectrum is used. This study reveals the importance of accurate soft electron precipitation specifications in the whole auroral zone to improving the F‐region neutral mass density estimations.