bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory impairment and concentration problems in COVID‐19 survivors 8 weeks after non‐ICU hospitalization: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Keijsers Karen , Broeders Marielle , Baptista Lopes Vania , Klinkert Aryan , van Baar Janwillem , Nahar‐van Venrooij Lenny , Kerckhoffs Angèle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStudies on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1 have shown long‐term effects on health, rehabilitation, and quality of life in patients.To evaluate effects on recovery and mental health in COVID‐19 survivors.A single center, retrospective cohort study in (non‐ICU admitted) adult patients with COVID‐19 infection was conducted. Next to baseline characteristics during hospital admission, data on remaining symptoms and radiographic abnormalities were extracted at the 8‐week follow‐up at the outpatient clinic. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to detect anxiety and depression.Resulting in two hundred and eleven patients were included, median age of 63 years, 61% male, with overweight (average body mass index 28.6 kg/m2). At the outpatient clinic 13% of the patients were symptom free, whereas 25% reported more than three symptoms. Persisting physical symptoms were mainly fatigue 68%, dyspnea 56%, and cough 26%. Most patients had normalization of chest X‐ray (61.1%) and oxygen saturation (89.9%). Interestingly, 33% reported memory impairment and concentration problems 28%. 7.8% scored for anxiety and 7.1% for depression on the HADS. Correlations were found between the number of physical symptoms and scores on the HADS.In conclusion, only 13% had symptom‐free recovery after 8 weeks. Besides physical symptoms memory problems were frequently seen. The number of mental and physical symptoms were correlated.
Rotavirus and adenovirus prevalence in patients with acute viral gastroenteritis in Denizli, Turkey, 2017–2021
Authors: Öner Sedef Zeliha , Kaleli̇ İlknur , Demi̇r Melek , Mete Ergun , Çalişkan Ahmet 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to determine retrospectively the prevalence of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus in patients with gastroenteritis symptoms and the distribution of pathogens by gender, age, seasons, and years. The stool samples sent to Pamukkale University Healthcare Research and Practice Hospital's Medical Microbiology laboratory between January 2017 and December 2021 were evaluated for rotavirus/adenovirus antigen positivity. Rotavirus and adenovirus antigens were studied with the Rotavirus‐Adenovirus Combo Rapid Cassette Test (Acro Biotech) kit. Rotavirus was detected in 683 (8.2%) of the 8315 stool samples evaluated, and 180 (2.2%) samples were positive for adenovirus. Coinfection was detected in 21 (0.25%) samples. Rotavirus was found at the highest rate in 2019 (p = 0.001). The adenovirus was detected in 2020 at a lower rate than in other years (p = 0.0001). The rotavirus was observed at a higher rate in 0–<3, 3–<6, and 6–<13 age groups and adenovirus was detected at a higher rate in 3–<6 and 6–<13 age groups compared to other age groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, respectively). The highest rate of incidence of the rotavirus was found in spring and adenovirus in winter. In the etiology of gastroenteritis, especially in children, adenovirus and rotavirus should not be ignored in winter and spring. The prevalence of rotavirus was observed to have decreased in 2020 and onwards, and the prevalence of adenovirus decreased in 2020.
Chitosan nanoparticles augmented indole‐3‐acetic acid production by rhizospheric Pseudomonas monteilii
Authors: Panichikkal Jishma , Mohanan Deepa P. , Koramkulam Sreekanth , Krishnankutty Radhakrishnan E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRhizospheric Pseudomonas spp. are widely used for upgrading sustainable agriculture because of their ability to execute multifaceted plant beneficial functions. In the current study, chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were used to analyze their effect on plant beneficial properties of rhizospheric Pseudomonas monteilii. The CNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The impact of CNPs on indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) production of P. monteilii was analyzed and quantified by spectrophotometric and confirmed high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. This revealed the beneficial effect of CNPs (1 mg/ml) by enhancing the IAA production of P. monteilii. In planta effect of varied bacterial IAA production was further demonstrated in Vigna unguiculata. Here, enhancement in shoot length (35.79 ± 0.37 cm), leaf number (7 ± 0.54), and fresh weight (3.07 ± 0.11 g) were observed in the plants treated with the culture filtrate collected from P. monteilii cultivated with 1 mg/ml CNPs. The results of the study highlight the beneficial effect of the CNPs to augment the rhizobacterial functioning by inducing the expression of plant beneficial properties.
First registry of adult patients with chronic intestinal failure due to short bowel syndrome in Argentina: The RESTORE project
Authors: Gondolesi Gabriel E. , Ortega Mariana L. , Doeyo Mariana , Buncuga Martin , Pérez Claudia , Mauriño Eduardo , Costa Florencia , De Barrio Silvia , Manzur Alejandra , Donnadio Luciana , Matoso Dolores , Sánchez Claria Rodrigo , Crivelli Adriana , Solar Héctor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is considered a low prevalence disease. In Argentina, no registries are available on chronic intestinal failure (CIF) and SBS. This project was designed as the first national registry to report adult patients with this disease.MethodsA prospective multicenter observational registry was created including adult patients with CIF/SBS from approved centers. Demographics, clinical characteristics, nutrition assessment, home parenteral nutrition (HPN) management, surgeries performed, medical treatment, overall survival, and freedom from HPN survival were analyzed.ResultsOf the 61 enrolled patients, 56 with available follow‐up data were analyzed. At enrollment, the mean intestinal length was 59.5 ± 47.3 cm; the anatomy was type 1 (n = 41), type 2 (n = 10), and type 3 (n = 5). At the end of the interim analysis, anatomy changed to type 1 in 31, type 2 in 17, and type 3 in 8 patients. The overall mean time on HPN before enrollment was 33.5 ± 56.2 months. Autologous gastrointestinal reconstruction surgery was performed before enrollment on 21 patients, and afterward on 11. Nine patients (16.1%) were weaned off HPN with standard medical nutrition treatment; 12 patients received enterohormones, and 2 of them suspended HPN; one patient was considered a transplant candidate. In 23.7 ± 14.5 months, 11 of 56 patients discontinued HPN; Kaplan‐Meier freedom from HPN survival was 28.9%. The number of cases collected represented 19.6 new adult CIF/SBS patients per year.ConclusionThe RESTORE project allowed us to know the incidence, the current medical and surgical approach for this pathology, as well as its outcome and complications at dedicated centers.
Association of reduced BMI, length of hospital stay, mortality, and malnutrition diagnosis in patients with acute exacerbation COPD: A secondary analysis of a cohort study
Authors: Bernardes Simone , Teixeira Paulo José Zimermann , Silva Flávia Moraes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundBody mass index (BMI) presents prognostic value in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and despite its limitations in capturing malnutrition, its use is common to assess nutritional status. We aimed to confirm the association between BMI and in‐hospital outcomes in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) and its inaccuracy in diagnosing malnutrition.MethodsWe diagnosed malnutrition using the Subjective global assessment (SGA), Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics–American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AND‐ASPEN), and two cutoff values for reduced BMI (age‐related and ≤ 21.0). BMI accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC‐ROC) curve and SGA and AND‐ASPEN as references. We evaluated in‐hospital mortality and hospital stay outcomes and constructed logistic regression models.ResultsThe median hospital stay was 11 (7–18) days, and 7.5% of patients died. Malnutrition prevalence according to BMI, SGA, and AND‐ASPEN was 21.4% (mean of both cutoff values), 50%, and 54%, respectively. Reduced BMI presented low agreement (κ = 0.315–0.383) and unsatisfactory accuracy (AUC‐ROC curve = 0.333–0.679) with reference methods for malnutrition diagnosis. Age‐related reduced BMI (odds ratio [OR] = 2.11; 95% CI, 1.10–4.04) and BMI ≤ 21.0 (OR = 2.25; 95% CI, 1.13–4.48) were associated with hospital stays longer than the median in adjusted models, but not in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionBMI was inaccurate in identifying malnutrition in hospitalized patients with AECOPD and was associated with hospital stays longer than ten days.
What influences the purchase intentions of sustainable luxury among millennials in the UK?
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Rachel , Cattaneo Eleonora , Mlodkowska Bianka 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFive factors are found to influence millennials when buying vegan leather luxury products (VLLPs): sustainability awareness, peer pressure, and the perceived conspicuousness, quality and aesthetics of these products. Five factors are identified, all positively impacting purchase intention: sustainability awareness, positive friend or family opinion on VLLPs, and the perceived conspicuousness, quality, and aesthetics of these products. Brands producing VLLPs and targeting millennials should focus on these factors while creating a marketing strategy.
Cellulose filter paper immobilized α‐glucosidase and its application to screening inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Shi Xiao‐Ya , Guo Zhao‐Hui , Chen Juan 
Published: May 2022

In this study, α‐glucosidase was successfully immobilized on cellulose filter paper and further applied to screening inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicines combined with capillary electrophoresis analysis. For α‐glucosidase immobilization, a cellulose filter paper was used as the carrier and grafted with amino groups by coating chitosan, then α‐glucosidase was covalently bonded on the amino‐modified carrier via epoxy ring‐opening reaction using polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether as the crosslinker. Several parameters influencing the enzyme immobilization were optimized and the optimal values were enzyme concentration of 4 U/mL, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether concentration of 1.25%, chitosan concentration of 7.5 mg/mL, immobilization pH 7.0, crosslinking time of 4 h and immobilization time of 2 h. The immobilized α‐glucosidase exhibited good batch‐to‐batch reproducibility (RSD = 2.1%, n = 5), excellent storage stability (73.5% of its initial activity after being stored at 4°C for 15 days), and reusability (75% of its initial activity after 10 repeated cycles). The Michaelis constant of immobilized α‐glucosidase and half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of acarbose were calculated to be 1.12 mM and 0.38 μM, respectively. Finally, the immobilized α‐glucosidase was used for screening inhibitors from 14 kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine extracts, and Sanguisorbae Radix showed the strongest inhibitory effect on α‐glucosidase.
Optimization of reaction parameters of Fischer–Tropsch synthesis in the presence of Co‐V/Al2O3 nano‐catalyst
Authors: Hafizi Ali , Koolivand‐Salooki Mehdi , Esfandyari Morteza , Koulivand Mohsen , Fallahiyekta Mohammad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNano‐catalyst of cobalt‐vanadate (Co‐V/Al2O3, supported on alumina) application in Fischer–Tropsch process (FT) was explored in a various conversions of synthesis gas. The catalyst characterization was performed using different methods including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) profile, and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Due to the extreme complexity and nonlinearity of catalytic processes, adaptive network based fuzzy interface system (ANFIS) was developed as a predictive tool for evaluation of Co‐V/Al2O3 nano‐catalyst performance in FT process. Input vector included reaction condition such as, pressure, temperature, time, and CO/H2 ratio of different experiments while the outputs were composition of CO, CO2, and CH4. The proposed model was used for optimization of the process, also the optimal operating conditions were acquired using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The performance of the algorithms and the quality of the solutions were measured by introducing the optimal operating conditions to obtained model. Comparative studies and results analysis were then conducted on the optimization results. The model result shows a good consistency with experimental observations.
Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of severely deformed TA15 alloy by multi‐directional forging and annealing
Authors: Xue K.M. , Guo S.H. , Guo W.W. , Meng M. , Ji X.H. , Li P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMulti‐directional forging technology, as a representative severe plastic deformation technology, is urgent to be developed because it has strong microstructure refinement and performance improvement effects. In this paper, multi‐directional forging experiments of TA15 titanium alloy with different passes were carried out at 700 °C using unrestricted multi‐directional forging die structure. Then the samples of TA15 titanium alloy after multi‐directional forging deformation were subjected to a high‐temperature vacuum annealing treatment. The test results reveal TA15 alloy was effectively refined through multi‐directional forging without any cracking with the increasing of deformation passes. The mechanism of grain refinement during multi‐directional forging included dynamic recrystallization, grain crushing and adiabatic shear deformation bands refinement. The amount and grain size of recrystallization grains increased when the annealing time increased from 1 hour to 4 hours. Supplemented by annealing, the adiabatic shear deformation bands microstructure with the mixed microstructure of coarse αp and fine αs were obtained and the hardness after multi‐directional forging and annealing was investigated. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased by 26.1 % and 25.5 % respectively when the deformation pass increased to 3 passes compared with the initial specimen. The present work revealed that multi‐directional forging deformation combined with appropriate annealing could represent an efficient route to improve the microstructure and mechanical property of TA15 alloy.
Rejection analysis and performance prediction of tubular membranes for dissolved salts
Authors: Qadir D. , Uddin F. , Nasir R. , Mukhtar H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA detailed investigation of the performance of commercially available tubular membranes is carried out under varying operating conditions. Trans‐membrane pressure, feed concentration, and cation types were chosen to study their effects on the membrane‘s performance. Commercially available tubular membranes AFC80, AFC 30, ES404, and PU608 were selected. Aqueous solutions of varying ionic strength (2500 ppm, 5000 ppm,10000 ppm) of three salts, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, and lead chloride were filtered to measure the permeate flux and rejection of selected tubular membranes. The AFC80 membrane had better rejection among all selected tubular membranes for all types of salts tested here. It is deduced that selected membranes carried a negative surface charge, which played a vital role during the separation mechanism. Finally, rejection of lead chloride and sodium chloride aqueous solutions was predicted accurately using the Spiegler‐Kedem model with R2 reaching 0.9.
Monocarboxylate transporter 1 is a novel target for breast cancer stem like‐cell inhibition by diallyl trisulfide
Authors: Kim Su‐Hyeong , Singh Shivendra V. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDiallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a promising small molecule phytochemical that exhibits in vitro and in vivo activity in multiple preclinical solid tumor models including breast cancer, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We have shown previously that forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1) transcription factor is a novel target for breast cancer stem‐like cells (bCSC) inhibition by DATS. Analysis of the breast TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) data revealed that FoxQ1 expression was positively associated with that of SLC16A1/monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Western blot analysis confirmed increased expression of MCT1 protein in SUM159 (basal‐like) and MCF‐7 cells (luminal‐type) stably transfected to overexpress FoxQ1. Furthermore, FoxQ1 was recruited to the promoter of SLC16A1/MCT1. Treatment of SUM159 and MCF‐7 cell lines with DATS resulted in suppression of MCT1 protein level that was accompanied by a decrease in intracellular and secreted levels of lactate. Overexpression or knockdown of MCT1 protein failed to alter DATS‐mediated inhibition of colony formation or cell migration when compared to corresponding control cells. On the other hand, overexpression of MCT1 protein conferred partial but statistically significant protection against DATS‐mediated inhibition of bCSC fraction (CD49fhigh/CD44high and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity). The size of the mammospheres was relatively smaller in the DATS‐treated group compared to control group. Inhibition of bCSC upon DATS treatment was augmented by knockdown of the MCT1 protein. In conclusion, the present study reveals that MCT1 is a novel target for bCSC inhibition by DATS treatment.
Kit-Based Sampling by Trained Fishers Yields Successful DNA Identification of Depredating Shark Species in the Marianas
Authors: Webb Maryann K. , Kraft Derek W. , Hampp Madison N. , Meyer Carl G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Shark depredation is a worldwide yet not well understood problem that is responsible for economic losses in both commercial and recreational fisheries. We collaborated with fishers from the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific to identify depredating shark species via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) barcoding of partially consumed fish from real-world depredation events. Trained fishers collected swabs from 29 shark depredation events in a line fishery targeting snappers, emperors, and jacks. Results showed that an assemblage of coral reef- and shelf-associated shark species was responsible for catch depredation in this fishery. The successful collection of transfer DNA from depredated fish by trained fishers and a 90% success rate in identifying the depredating shark species via mtDNA barcoding confirm that this approach is a practical tool for improving our understanding of depredation in a wide variety of fisheries. Although identifying the depredating shark species does not solve the problem of shark depredation in fisheries, it is a critical step in better understanding the phenomenon so that potential solutions can be identified.
Fish and Prey Resources in Reservoir Coves with and without Offshore Artificial Habitat Structures
Authors: Porreca Anthony P. , Broadway Kyle J. , Detmer Thomas M. , Radford Dakota S. , Fenstermacher Carly C. , Parkos Joseph J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Artificial habitat structures are used to mitigate habitat loss within aquatic ecosystems and to increase angler catch rates; however, the potential trophic outcomes of concentrating fish at structure additions are rarely evaluated. We compared fish and fish prey assemblages between reservoir coves with and without newly added offshore habitat structures (PVC cubes enclosing 2.25 m3). Further, we tested whether offshore habitat additions changed fish assemblage and abundance in littoral habitats of treated coves. Coves with offshore structures had higher concentrations of fish and an assemblage structure dominated by Pomoxis and Lepomis species at offshore sites compared to coves without offshore structures. There was no evidence for an effect of offshore structures on fish relative abundance and assemblage structure in nearby littoral habitats. Zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrate abundances did not change because of the addition of habitat structures. Lack of a response of lower trophic organisms may be due to low predation mortality or else losses to predation are replaced by increased prey production or immigration at the offshore structures. Our results indicated that artificial structures effectively concentrated fish, but increases in fish density may be partitioned among newly available structure in offshore habitats and existing structure within littoral habitats. Future studies are needed to test for a relationship between foraging space and food resources provided by artificial habitats, which may be useful for optimizing the number, size, and material composition of structures used in habitat enhancement programs.
Physics‐constrained hierarchical data‐driven modelling framework for complex path‐dependent behaviour of soils
Authors: Zhang Pin , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Jin Yin‐Fu , Sheil Brian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere is considerable potential for data‐driven modelling to describe path‐dependent soil response. However, the complexity of soil behaviour imposes significant challenges on the training efficiency and the ability to generalise. This study proposes a novel physics‐constrained hierarchical (PCH) training strategy to deal with existing challenges in using data‐driven models to capture soil behaviour. Different from previous strategies, the proposed hierarchical training involves ‘low‐level’ and ‘high‐level’ neural networks, and linear regression, in which the loss function of the neural network is constructed using physical laws to constrain the solution domain. Feedforward and long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural networks are adopted as baseline algorithms to further enhance the present method. The data‐driven model is then trained on random strain loading paths and subsequently integrated within a custom finite element (FE) analysis to solve boundary value problems by way of validation. The results indicate that the proposed PCH‐LSTM approach improves prediction accuracy, requires much less training data and has a lower performance sensitivity to the exact network architecture compared to traditional LSTM. When coupled with FE analysis, the PCH‐LSTM model is also shown to be a reliable means of modelling soil behaviour under loading‐unloading‐reloading and proportional strain loading paths. In addition, strain localisation and instability failure mechanisms can be accurately identified. PCH‐LSTM modelling overcomes the need for ad‐hoc network architectures thereby facilitating fast and robust model development to capture complex soil behaviours in engineering practice with less experimental and computational cost.