bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing the Awareness and Application of Ketogenic Therapies Globally
Authors: Zupec-Kania Beth , Abrahams Jim , Williams Emma , Masino Susan A. , Rho Jong M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Charlie Foundation was formed in 1994 out of the desire to spare others the unnecessary seizures, drugs, and surgery that Charlie Abrahams endured before being cured of his epilepsy by the ketogenic diet. The Abrahams family shared their story in 1994 on Dateline NBC, and in a 1997 movie called First Do No Harm. Despite these dramatic testimonials, the diet remained underutilized until two simultaneous events occurred. In 2008, the Charlie Foundation commissioned medical professionals with ketogenic experience to collaborate on agreed-upon methods of prescribing the diet. Publication of their resulting guidelines appeared in Epilepsia, an international medical journal. In the same year, a Class I study was published in Lancet Neurology that confirmed proof of the diets’ effectiveness for epilepsy. Use of ketogenic diet therapy grew worldwide. With this increase came a broader understanding of its benefits for other disorders. Less restrictive versions of the diet were developed to meet the needs of older children and adults. Since its inception, The Charlie Foundation began educating all people with epilepsy to eliminate sugar, to reduce refined carbohydrates, and to choose mostly a whole-foods diet. In addition, the foundation has expanded efforts to reach other conditions that can benefit from ketogenic therapies, including other neurologic disorders, endocrine disorders, and certain cancers.
Centering the Lens of Social Justice
Authors: Borden Eucharia , Leimena Meagan Lyon , Sumser Bridget 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores theoretical frameworks to both complicate and clarify lived experience of patients, families, teams, and self through systems of power as well as tools for reflection to catalyze self-awareness. The intent is to understand the impact of the pervasive sociopolitical systems of oppression, namely imperialism, patriarchy, and white supremacy, to inform an anti-oppression social work lens. Through deepening awareness and critical self-reflection, social workers are invited to apply these lenses to their learning, practice, and place within palliative care, healthcare systems, and our larger, interconnected society.
Spirituality and Social Work Practice in Palliative Care
Authors: Reese Dona J. , Becker Holly Nelson , Callahan Ann M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Palliative care is holistic, including biopsychosocial and spiritual dimensions of care. All members of the team must address spiritual needs; much of what patients and significant others want to discuss is spiritual in nature, and spirituality is an important way of coping. Most social workers address spirituality with patients and significant others, but they may not identify the issues they are addressing as spiritual. This underscores the importance of training in this area. This chapter will define spirituality and describe relevant theoretical frameworks, assessment and intervention approaches, and guidelines for referral to a spiritual caregiver.
Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner?
Authors: Higgins Philip C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As palliative social work continues to evolve as a specialty practice, it remains critical to possess and communicate a clear sense of professional identity. This chapter highlights the historical and current challenges and opportunities of palliative social workers to develop individual and collective professional identities, and the ways in which these identities intersect with interdisciplinary teamwork, collaboration with other social workers, and individual clinical effectiveness and job satisfaction. The chapter also delineates both the traditional and more recent team roles palliative social workers have assumed as the healthcare landscape has shifted and palliative social workers have gained a stronger foothold as core team members. The author adapts ecological systems and minority identity development theories to frame these challenges and opportunities in palliative social work identity development from both a cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective.
Palliative Social Work
Authors: Harper Bernice Catherine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter reflects a personal and historic perspective, building a foundation for medical social work participation and advocacy in policy development linking to a synergy with hospice and palliative social work. The overarching vision is to humanize healthcare delivery, imagining a seamless system to meet the needs of patients, families, communities, and healthcare providers from life’s beginnings, endings, and in between life’s processes. History is captured through the evolution of social work organizations, credentialing, and the legislative and political issues that affected both the profession and institutions in which social workers practice. The importance of social work’s contribution to policy development and serving patients and families confronting catastrophic diseases and life-threatening illnesses is highlighted to give impetus to this continuing responsibility.
A Commitment to Collaborate
Authors: Farabelli Jill , Leff Vickie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A palliative care team uniquely integrates the expert skills of the social worker. As a member of this interprofessional team, social workers can provide leadership and fidelity to the principles of team, including psychological safety, role clarity, trust, and vision. This chapter discusses the role of the interprofessional team in palliative patient care, and specifically how this impacts the role, use, and professional position of the social worker as they navigate a variety of collaborative relationships. Understanding teams from an individual, group, and institutional level can help us not only strengthen the success of palliative care teams but provides extraordinary opportunities for all health social workers who are working on a team. As social workers expand their presence on healthcare teams, we can improve the functioning of the team, patient care, and interprofessional collaboration.
Interventions to Support Children and Adolescents during Parental Illness
Authors: Aliberti Katie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Children and adolescents are affected by the serious illness of a parent or caregiver in many ways. Developmental tasks and family processes can be altered by chronic or significant parental illness. Attachment theory and family systems theory provide lenses to understand the impact of parental illness on family functioning and adjustment. Despite obstacles, targeted interventions can help children and adolescents to cope with changes and develop resiliency. Communication is a key intervention that promotes positive adjustment and coping across all age levels. A child’s age and developmental level inform specific interventions, but there is variability related to family functioning, values and beliefs, individual temperament, and other factors. Palliative social workers can utilize their skills to assist families in identifying the needs of their children and addressing them in ways that promote adaptation and resilience.
LGBTQ Patient Palliative Care
Authors: Blotner Charlie , Dotolo Danae 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores community triumphs alongside vulnerabilities and fears that are heightened when patients, partners, and/or their caregivers have LGBTQ identities. Contemporary and historical examples of discrimination in health care settings for the LGBTQ community include pathologizing sexual orientation and gender identities; dangerous and unfounded “conversion therapies”; devastating failures by health care providers, researchers, and the government to respond to the HIV/AIDS crisis; and a lack of recognition of families. To that end, this chapter includes insight into social inequities, family in all forms, the role of disclosure in bereavement, provider acceptance levels and their impact on grief, perceptions of community needs alongside realities grounded in research, truly essential legal and financial considerations, policy implications that span the past decade, and how the social work profession must work toward a future without continued, layered oppression and repression.
A House Is Not a Home
Authors: Schoenfarber Adam , Adams Pamela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There are intersecting, bidirectional relationships among trauma, poverty, the prison system, and racism for patients experiencing homelessness. Like those who are securely housed, those who experience homelessness suffer from serious and terminal illness and can be engaged by palliative social workers. People living in nontraditional settings not designed for habitation are, at best, invisible and, at worst, derided as problematic in medical settings. This chapter explores the challenges and importance of palliative care with vulnerable patients who are undomiciled, in shelters, in transitional housing, and those who may not consider themselves homeless and prefer terms such as “doubled up” or “living rough.” Using patient narratives, the chapter explores homelessness through a cultural lens, integrating assessment tools and clinical interventions to improve care and reduce implicit bias and intergroup disgust while strengthening provider empathy. Health social workers help to establish therapeutic rapport and build empathy among interdisciplinary teams working with people experiencing homeless.
Palliative Social Work with Older Adults and Their Families
Authors: Waldrop Deborah , Bern-Klug Mercedes , Cagle John G. , Gardner Daniel S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The older population (65+) grew from 3 million to 52 million in 2018. Yet, as older adults live longer, they do so with more chronic conditions; 60% live with one, and 42% have two or more. The last two decades of life often involve an increasing burden of chronic illness, dependency, frailty, and cognitive decline, which call for an integrated approach that draws together geriatric and palliative care. Using a biopsychosocial-spiritual framework, this chapter describes the lived experience of older adults who live with serious illnesses and their caregivers. The multiple diverse factors that influence an older adult’s journey are illuminated, including race, ethnicity, gender, culture, and social support systems. The systemic challenges which create healthcare disparities and influence older adults’ access to care are presented. The implications for social work practice in geriatric palliative care, including comprehensive assessment, family-centered practice, and interprofessional collaboration, are highlighted.
Person-Centered Practice in an Expanding Palliative Care Landscape
Authors: Onderdonk Chris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The landscape of serious illness continues to expand, and with that expansion, the specialty of palliative care is challenged to explore its limits and boundaries while designing innovative approaches to meet the needs of patients, families, and providers. This introduction invites reflection on the opportunities and challenges implicit in the imperative of providing access to palliative care for all people with serious illness. It serves to create context for the chapters that follow in exploring how palliative care principles and practices can be tailored to the nuances and complexities across multiple conditions, diagnoses, and settings.
The Collaboration of Palliative Care and Oncology Social Work
Authors: Bitter Annabelle , Lee Malory 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter aims to highlight the intersection between the field of oncology social work and palliative care. First, we examine the psychosocial needs of patients with cancer and illustrate how oncology social workers are uniquely equipped to address these needs. Next, we recognize the essential role that palliative care plays in oncology and illustrate an integrated approach that focuses on identifying and relieving distress, while managing symptoms and psychosocial barriers to care throughout the entire disease trajectory. Finally, we explore the many opportunities for oncology social workers and palliative care teams to collaborate to provide high-quality, person-centered care.
Dementia
Authors: Nathanson Abigail , Latimer Abigail L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines how health and palliative social workers can identify and attend to the needs of persons with dementia (PWDs) and their care partners, both directly and within their multi- and interdisciplinary teams. Palliative principles reflect the many needs of PWDs and their care partners, addressing symptom burden, caregiver needs, advance care planning, and end-of-life care. Social workers can be empowered to help address structural and institutional challenges, as well as issues specific to illness comorbidity, as the dementia trajectory can be long and involve multiple care settings and relationships. Health and palliative social workers have opportunities to promote PWD personhood and their care partners’ well-being and resilience alongside dementia’s devastating impact. Addressing care preferences early and often is recommended, and there are many professional and user-friendly options to facilitate these conversations. The unique needs of dementia caregivers during bereavement are also addressed.
Palliative Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Oltmann Carina , Gerson Sheri Mila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to much suffering and a myriad of losses around the world, including loss of life, certain freedoms and rituals due to physical distancing, economic strain, and limited access to vital resources. In the face of the pandemic, palliative social workers have the opportunity to provide culturally sensitive care that addresses inequitable access to the alleviation of suffering, quality end-of-life care, and bereavement support. Drawing upon the rich voices of this textbook’s authors and some of their colleagues from across the globe, the current chapter captures the narratives and perspectives of palliative social workers, researchers, and physicians who shared their experiences during COVID-19. Through interviews conducted over the course of 3 months, prominent themes were identified, including issues such as inequitable access to basic needs, personal protective equipment, and healthcare services; flexibility and adaptability in social work roles; preparations made to tend to the seriously ill during the pandemic; the importance of technology in reaching patients and caregivers; the psychosocial impact of physical distancing; advance care planning; social justice; the influence of past crises in shaping current palliative care interventions; and promoting quality palliative, end-of-life, and bereavement support. The chapter concludes with the long-term impact and implications of COVID-19, particularly as it shapes palliative social work in institutions and communities around the world.
Palliative Care Consultation
Authors: Mulkerin Colleen M. , Lepak Katherine S. , Morrison Sara Z. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPalliative care consultation can address and reflect the alignment of the field of palliative care and the profession of social work. In this chapter we discuss the growth of palliative care in the United States. There are a variety of practice models, inclusive of teams, that utilize consultation etiquette norms or indicator driven consultation. Indicator driven models may involve disease specific criteria, utilization criteria, or institutional priorities to trigger consultation. The evolution of palliative care is symbiotic with professional societies’ recognition and advocacy for integrated palliative care as a standard of care exemplified by the confluence of the Quadruple Aim and palliative care. . The components of excellence in palliative care consultation are discussed via a synopsis of goals of care and through the domains of palliative social work practice. A focus on opportunities for micro, mezzo, and macro approaches is considered within a structure that attends to clinical boundaries, peer support and intentional collaboration. Collaboration is a principal element in healthcare systems; this chapter introduces a framework for understanding the components that contribute to effective collaboration essential to the pivotal social work role as a liaison between the patient/family and members of the interprofessional team. Transitions are identified as crucial moments when social work can provide continuity of relationship and identify the meaning connected to changing health, function and relationships. Palliative care contributes to improving healthcare that is vital to patient-family experience, healthy teams, and thriving healthcare systems.
Palliative Social Work in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Laing Nina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The modern intensive care unit (ICU) is one setting in which life and death hang in the balance. Patients are in critical condition or at risk of decompensating quickly and require close monitoring and complex medications to preserve organ function and ameliorate pain. Patients are also often sustained on life support: machines that supply nutrition, maintain breathing, and stand in for failing organs such as kidneys or hearts. Care is managed by interdisciplinary teams of medical professionals (social workers, nurses, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and doctors) led by physician intensivists, with the orienting goal of the preservation of life. Yet, despite the strenuous efforts of the medical team, death is quite common. Patients and families in the ICU need accurate information, time to process clinical information, and the opportunity to discuss and explore the values they hold that inform the plan of care, particularly when faced with decision-making around advanced life support and end-of-life care.
Outpatient Palliative Care
Authors: Front Anne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Outpatient palliative care programs provide necessary and sustained linkage between care settings by building a partnership with patients and families throughout the disease trajectory. With transdisciplinary collaboration, outpatient palliative care teams intervene preemptively to anticipate, prevent, and treat distress for those with serious illness. Palliative social workers hold a necessary role on the outpatient palliative care team and are a bridge between the medical providers and patient to address psychosocial, emotional, and relational needs. Outpatient palliative care programs are diverse in structure but hold opportunities for further improvement in standardization of care, consistent service delivery, and accessing secure funding resources. Society is faced with an aging population and national healthcare crises, including socioeconomic pressures, pervasive healthcare disparities among cultural groups, global pandemics such as COVID-19, and evolving medical technology and pharmacology. As patients with serious illness learn to navigate their healthcare and are asked to make complex healthcare decisions, palliative social workers are needed more than ever to represent and facilitate personalized and systemic change in outpatient palliative care.
Home-Based Palliative Care
Authors: Moore Kennan , Goldstein Christine , Sanderoff Jeanine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Home-based or community-based palliative care is a type of specialty palliative care practice designed to meet the needs of persons living at home with chronic, advanced, and, in some cases, terminal illness. With their unique approach to considering the “person in environment,” sensitivity to safeguarding the needs of vulnerable and oppressed populations, and dedication to quality interdisciplinary care, palliative social workers are indispensable members of the home palliative care team. Social work participation in ongoing research and program development is vital to increasing access to home palliative care for patients and families.
Social Work in Hospice Care
Authors: Cagle John G. , Brandon Rachel E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hospice is an interdisciplinary, person-centered model of care for dying individuals and their families that focuses on vigilant pain and symptom management, with attention to biopsychosocial-spiritual needs. Social workers are a core—and in the United States, a Medicare-mandated—member of the hospice interdisciplinary team. As members of the hospice team, social workers collaborate with other health professionals to improve the quality of life, preparedness, and coping of patients and families dealing with life-limiting illness. With specialized training in communication skills, family dynamics, and mental health, social workers are strongly suited to address the many practical, social, and psychological issues that can arise for both patients and families over the course of an illness and during the dying process. Furthermore, social workers can serve as leaders in the field as we navigate the changing landscape, including greater prevalence of for-profit providers and the national opioid crisis. Ultimately, hospice social workers are critical players in transcending the world of prescriptive, disease-modifying medicine by defining and advocating for holistic, human-centered end-of-life care.
Pediatric Hospice and Palliative Care
Authors: Orloff Stacy F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
On any given day in this world, children are informed they have a life-limiting illness. Other families will experience the death of a child. This experience greatly affects the entire family unit as well as the community that encircles the child and family. Learn how social workers are well qualified to conduct an in-depth psychosocial assessment that considers the impact of culture, social determinants of health, and child development on the healthcare experience of the child and family. Social workers use their skills in relational work and family systems to provide interventions that address the needs of the parental figures and siblings. Understand that the clinical interventions offered during the treatment phase will profoundly impact the family’s bereavement experience.
The Integration of Rehabilitative Therapies and Palliative Care
Authors: Schutt Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Those who are diagnosed with serious illnesses often experience symptoms that impact their ability to care for themselves. Symptoms such as fatigue and pain prevent individuals from performing daily tasks, such as walking, dressing, bathing, and transferring. Research has found that the loss of functionality, both physical and cognitive, can lead to poor quality of life and caregiver burnout. Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) is often underutilized despite the benefits it can have on improving an individual’s ability to perform activities of daily living. There are a variety of barriers such as lack of knowledge and funding that impact referrals to PM&R services. The purpose of this chapter is to better understand the subspecialty of PM&R so it can be better integrated with the practice of palliative care.