bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Artificial Intelligence” Technologies in the Mechanism of Contractual Regulation in the Russian Federation
Authors: Vasilevskaya L. Yu. , Poduzova E. B. 
Published: July 2022

“Artificial intelligence” technologies (AI technologies) are becoming popular objects of civil rights. Current legislation does not regulate relations on the creation of these results of intellectual activity and the turnover of exclusive rights to them. The current state of doctrine and law enforcement practice demonstrates the unresolved problems associated with the legal qualification of AI technologies, the definition of their legal regime, the use of various contractual structures for the creation of these innovative intangible objects and the turnover of exclusive rights to them. The purpose of the study is to consider the key civil scientific and practical problems of AI technologies in the mechanism of contractual regulation at the stage of establishing of legislation regulating digital relations. Methods: comparative legal method, rising from the abstract to the concrete, modeling, induction, deduction. Results and novelty: having realized the research objectives through the general scientific and private scientific methods described above, the authors considered AI technologies as independent results of intellectual activity and objects of civil rights. The factors influencing the construction of a system of contracts ensuring the turnover of exclusive rights to AI technologies are identified, in particular, the need to include conditions on confidentiality of information, on the procedure for applying a smart contract, methods of identification and authentication of the parties to contracts. A system of contracts has been developed to ensure the turnover of exclusive rights to AI technologies.
Incidence of nasal and nasopharyngeal obstruction by nasal examination and nasal endoscopy in patients with abnormal polysomnography: A prospective study
Authors: Naik Neelam , Jaiswal Ashwin Ashok , Sharma Neeta 
Published: July 2022

To assess the incidence of nasal and nasopharyngeal obstruction in patients with abnormal polysomnography. To correlate the levels of nasal and nasopharyngeal obstruction with degree of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Polysomnography by RMS Quest 32 polysomnography machine. Anterior and posterior rhinoscopy using Thudicum’s nasal speculum and posterior rhinoscopy mirror respectively. Nasal endoscopy to visualise nasal and nasopharyngeal airway for obstruction using 0 Hopkin’s rod endoscope under topical anaesthesia using 4% Xylocaine. 31 patients had deviated nasal septum (DNS), 19 had hypertrophied turbinates, 4 had Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP). 21 patients had posterior DNS, 7 had postnasal drip. By Nasal Endoscopy 42 patients had DNS among which 20 had anterior, 15 had posterior deviation. 7 patients had both anterior and posterior DNS. 4 patients had CRSwNP, 7 CRSsNP (Chronic Rhinosinusitis sans Nasal Polyposis), 3 had concha bullosa. Retropalatal obstruction was classified according to Mullers grade, where we found 10% patients had grade I, 28.75% grade II, 28.75% grade III and 32.5% grade IV obstruction. P value of DNS was 0.60 whereas that of other types of nasal obstruction was 0.85. Correlation of Retropalatal obstruction was significantly high with severity of OSA with P value &#60;0.0001. 1-year incidence of Nasal and Nasopharyngeal obstruction in patients with OSA is 0.67 per 1000 population. Degree of OSA has poor correlation with levels of nasal obstruction and strong correlation with grades of retropalatal obstruction.
Variable’s of COGS analysis for Orthognathic surgery based on preferences of two specialists- A perspective based study
Authors: Lone Parveen Akhtar , Arshad Faisal , Kumar Jasbinder , Parwaiz Sabiha 
Published: July 2022

: Cephalometric analysis for Ortho-Gnathic Surgery (COGS) is the most commonly used analysis for diagnosing and treatment planning of an orthognathic case. This analysis consists of 37 parameters under 7 subheading which covers cranial, skeletal, dental, facial parameters. While performing this analysis it becomes very cumbersome for an oral surgeon and orthodontist to discuss the case with all the parameters in mind. So this study was done to determine the parameters of preference for an Oral surgeon and Orthodontist respectively.: 20 Oral surgeons and Orthodontist with 2 years of experience were selected for this study. The selection was done randomly by selecting the specialist through online list. A preferential form consisting of all the parameters of COGS analysis with three preference for each parameter-1): Important, 2): Slightly important and 3): Not so important, were distributed to both the specialists. The forms were collected and the data was tested statistically.Percentage wise preference was determined for various parameters. Majority of Oral and maxillofacial surgeons marked skeletal parameter as important while Orthodontist marked soft tissue as important. There was mutual agreement of preference in various parameters: Anterior cranial base (Ptm-N), Lower anterior face height (Ans-Gn), Upper posterior face height (PNS-N) which was statistically significant. Linear, angular, ratio measurement were preferred differently by oral surgeons and Orthodontists. : Skeletal measurements were preferred by oral surgeons followed by soft tissue & dental relationship, while as Orthodontists preferred Soft tissue, dental measurements followed by skeletal parameters.Cranial base measurements were not so marked as Ist preference by both the specialists.
Factors Regarding Adherence to Medication in Patients with Hypertension Based on Health Belief Model in the South of Kerman, Iran, in 2019
Authors: Zangiabadi Abbas , Shah Esmaili Armita , Ahmady Tabatabaei Seyed Vahid , Movahed Ehsan , SHhankestani Hamideh 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is the most important public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with medication adherence of hypertension based on the health belief model.
Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. In this study, 403 hypertensive patients in Shahdad and Andoohjerd of Kerman were selected by census method. Data collection tools were a researcher-made questionnaire including the Health Belief Model (HBM) and Moriskyself-report questionnaire. Cronbach alph was 0.9. Then the data were analysed by SPSS vesrsion 24 and the significance level was P< 0.05. mean (SD), Frequency (percent) used to descriptive statistics and two Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Binary Logistic Regression were used for data analysis. All statistical analysis were done in SPSS 19 with significant level of 5 %.
Results: More than half of the patients (57.1%) had poor medication adherence. Most of the subjects (84.1%) used less than three drugs. Chi square test results showed a significant relationship between drug compliance and age group, education and job results of multiple logistic regression showed, three factors of awareness (OR=1.116, p =0.016), cues to action (OR=0.68, p =0.030) and perceived barriers (OR=0.83, p=<0.001) had significant effect on Medication Adherence .
Conclusion: Effective interventions based on the health belief model and with emphasis on raising awareness, practicing guide and removing perceived barriers can increase medication adherence in patients with hypertension.
UTILIZATION OF ANTHOCYANIN IN EDIBLE FILM AS COCONUT MILK FRESHNESS INDICATOR
Authors: Fauzan Utary Nur Rachmani , Astrinida Rizkina Dwi Pancani  , Fitria Yulistiani  , Nancy Siti Djenar  
Published: July 2022

Technology in smart packaging continues to evolve, one of which is packages equipped with food freshness indicators to monitor food safety and quality. These indicators can be formed by immobilizing anthocyanin into edible film and then changing its color to pH changes. The research aims to determine the immobilization time, test the color stability of the edible film indicator to temperature changes, determine the characterizations of the edible film indicator based on the %relative standard deviation (%RSD) value, and apply the edible film indicators as coconut milk freshness indicators. The best immobilization time was in the 90th minute with %RSD=0%. The edible film indicators did not change color from 10 to 50°C with %RSD=0%. The characterizations of edible film indicators on pH 6, 7, 8, and 10 had response times of 6.68 minutes; 9.49 minutes; 3.57 minutes; and 4.37 minutes; periods of 14 days, 13 days, 14 days, and 16 days; and good reproducibility at pH 6 and 10 and not good at pH 7 and 8. Overall, based on anthocyanin color changes, an edible film indicator can be used as a freshness indicator in coconut milk but cannot indicate the pH value of coconut milk.
MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY DAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING BERBANTUAN VIRTUAL LABORATORY PADA MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA
Authors: Maulidah Agusnita , Rusmansyah Rusmansyah , Leny Leny 
Published: July 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang meningkatkan self efficacy dan keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing berbantuan virtual laboratory pada materi larutan penyangga pada siswa kelas XI IPA 1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) aktivitas guru; (2) aktivitas siswa; (3) self efficacy; (4) keterampilan berpikir kritis; (5) hasil belajar; (6) respon siswa dengan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing berbantuan virtual laboratory. Metode yang digunakan ialah rancangan PTK yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Peneliti menggunakan subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA PGRI 4 Banjarmasin dengan jumlah 36 orang. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes dan non tes. Hasil dari penelitian menyatakan bahwa (1) aktivitas guru sebesar 42,67 kategori baik di siklus I menjadi 50,27 dalam kategori sangat baik di siklus II, (2) aktivitas siswa sebesar 39 kategori aktif di siklus I menjadi 48,33 dalam kategori sangat sangat aktif di siklusII, (3) peningkatan terjadi pada self efficacy siswa berdasarkan hasil observasi sebesar 125,12 kategori cukup baik di siklus I menjadi 133,08 kategori baik di siklus II, (4) peningkatan terjadi pada keterampilan berpikir kritis berdasarkan hasil evaluasi secara klasikal dari 60,43% dengan kategori cukup kritis di siklus I menjadi 83,61% dengan kategori sangat kritis pada siklus II, (5) peningkatan terjadi pada ketuntasan hasil belajar kognitif secara klasikal dari 30,56% di siklus I menjadi 86,11% pada siklus II, hasil belajar afektif meningkat berdasarkan hasil observasi sebesar 122,67 dari kategori cukup baik di siklus I menjadi 141, 32 dengan kategori baik di siklus II, (6) respon positif terhadap pembelajaran dengan model inkuiri terbimbing berbantuan virtual laboratory.
DETERMINANTS OF SYSTEMATIC AND UNSYSTEMATIC LIQUIDITY RISK IN ISLAMIC BANKS
Authors: Hussain Anwar , Kijkasiwat Ploypailin , Ijaz Bushra Mobeen , Deari Fitim 
Published: July 2022

This study examines whether systematic (macroeconomic) and unsystematic (bank specific) factors determine liquidity risk in Islamic banks. The study employs a sample of Islamic banks from Pakistan, Qatar, Malaysia, UAE, Bangladesh, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia over the period 2008 – 2019. Using Least Square estimation methods to estimate the model separately for each country, we find the results to be mixed and different across countries. The results also show that non-performing loans, bank size, leverage ratio and return on assets are key unsystematic drivers in determining the liquidity risk of Islamic banks. This study points out the fragility of Islamic banks in relation to managing liquidity risk.
Transmute of Old Home Appliance into Smart Control Home Automation System Using App Inventor Prototype
Authors: D Napoleon , Gopal R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Smart technologies are emerging in the world and imposed a high impact in our day to day life. Yes we are in need of comfort life so we are switching over to the remote control initially with the television and then to fan, air conditioner and heater also. But these smart gadgets which are now in the market are in huge price and not affordable for the middle class people. And moreover we can’t kick out the old appliance which are working properly so this article came up with a solution of not throwing the old appliance and with the minimal changes in the circuit flow and the algorithm based mobile application can able to make the old appliance into smart appliance which can be able to control using the mobile application and also voice control module this application was developed with the MIT app inventor tool which make the interface of front end more user friendly and the powerful backend to make the algorithm more efficient and the small Arduino with Bluetooth component make the appliance to communicate with the mobile application and the single Arduino board can able to control about eighteen or more application depends upon the relay connectors we use. This article has proposed the best and cost efficient conversion method of the home appliance.
Zero-Change Monolithic Integration of CMOS Electronics in Silicon Photonics
Authors: Zanetto Francesco , Toso Fabio , Grimaldi Vittorio , Petrini Matteo , Milanizadeh Maziyar , Perino Alessandro , Morichetti Francesco , Melloni Andrea , Ferrari Giorgio , Sampietro Marco 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Silicon photonic integrated circuits allow very efficient manipulation of light in a compact size but suffer from strong dependence on temperature variations and fabrication tolerances. Local stabilization of the working point of each photonic device in a circuit is thus needed, made possible by integrated sensors and actuators that are operated by an external electronic controller. However, this approach is what currently limits the scaling of photonic complexity to few tens of devices, due to practical limitations in the number of connections between the chip and the control electronics. Monolithic integration of electronic functionalities into the photonic systems is therefore essential to enable new sophisticated architectures, but it requires to fully preserve the optical quality. Here we demonstrate the possibility of fabricating CMOS integrated electronic circuits on a technological platform specifically conceived and optimized only for photonic devices. By exploiting the silicon waveguide layer and with zero changes to the photonic process flow, fully functional MOS transistors have been integrated on the side walls of the waveguide layer, showing a threshold voltage of 1.84 V, a gain factor of 4 μA/V^2, an Early voltage of 35 V and an inverse subthreshold slope of 250 mV/dec. By combining digital gates and analog switches, we demonstrate the operation of an analog multiplexer integrated into a 16-to-1 optical router to sequentially read 16 on-chip photodetectors with only one connection towards the external electronics. This enables time-multiplexed closed-loop control and stabilization of the router to thermal instabilities with less than 10 ms transient time and a power penalty of just 0.3 dB on the transmission of 10 Gb/s modulated signals. We envision that this first example of co-integrated electronic layer to support the optics and counteract its weaknesses can definitely unleash the full potential of the photonic technology towards a new realm of innovative architectures and applications.
Assessing the Fidelity of the Malaria Vaccine Implementation in Malawi
Authors: Patel Parth K. , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda , Kalanga Noel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Globally, remarkable progress has been made in the fight against malaria over the last two decades, yet the rate of reduction of malaria case incidence and mortality seems stalled. Globally, malaria case incidence (i.e., cases per 1000 population at risk) reduced from 80 in 2000 to 58 in 2015 and only to 57 in 2019. Mosquirix (RTS, S/AS01), a four-dose malaria vaccine with an effectiveness of 39%, was piloted by the WHO in three countries including Malawi where it was integrated into the EPI as a regular schedule dose. Fidelity was assessed to evaluate the degree of adherence to the planned protocol for the roll out of the program. This is a qualitative study that used the implementation fidelity framework (2007) where 12 healthcare workers were interviewed, 47 parents attended 2 focused group discussions, and a non-participatory observation checklist determined the status of vaccine storage and administration, in 2 separate health centers serving as immunization clinics. Framework approach analysis was used in this study. 59 participants were interviewed in this study. 12 health workers that were interviewed, 2 (17%) were female and 10 (83%) were male whereas all 47 (100%) parents were female. The average age of HCWs was 38 years while for the parents it was 29 years. The study demonstrated fidelity to the malaria vaccine protocol but to a much lesser extent. It has to some extent been implemented with fidelity and there is demonstrable adherence to the vaccine protocol, nevertheless, numerous gaps still exist.
Incorporating HPV 33 and Cytology into HPV 16 and 18 Screening May Be Feasible. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: TATAR BURAK 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) varies geographically, and each country is making its own screening and vaccination program. This study questioned the need for colposcopy for HPV types other than HPV 16 and 18, and the need for cytology incorporated into HPV testing.
Methods
1043 consecutive patients referred for colposcopy are included in this retrospective study. For statistical analysis, logistic regression analysis, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation was used. The value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
HPV 16 was the most common HPV type referred, followed by HPV 18, 52, 51 and 31, respectively. HPV 16 tends to be positive in younger patients than other HPV types (p < 0.05). Only HPV 16 (OR: 1.41, 1.06–1.88 95% CI) and HPV 33 (OR:2.23; 1,06-4.64 95% CI) (p < 0.05) had significant prediction for CIN 2 + lesions. In patients with only a cytological abnormality, cytological abnormality with single other high-risk (hr)HPV (without HPV 16 or 18) or double other hrHPV positivity but without HPV 16 and 18 infections, we detected 159 (19%) CIN 2 + lesions.
Conclusion
HPV 33 may be implemented in hrHPV screening protocols for direct colposcopy referral as well as HPV 16 and HPV 18 in specific regions. If we had been opted HPV-based screening only for HPV 16 and 18 without cytology, 19% of all CIN 2 + lesions would have been missed. HPV based screening only with HPV 16 and 18 may not be feasible. Nonavalent vaccines should be considered for vaccination of specific populations.
Experimental non-alcoholic fatty liver disease causes regional liver functional deficits while total metabolic liver function is preserved
Authors: Eriksen Peter Lykke , Thomsen Karen Louise , Hamilton-Dutoit Stephen , Vilstrup Hendrik , Sørensen Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) calls for improved understanding of how the disease affects metabolic liver function.Aims: To investigate in vivo effects of different NAFLD stages on metabolic liver function, quantified by regional and total hepatic galactose elimination capacity in a NAFLD model.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 1 or 12 weeks, modelling early or late NAFLD, respectively. Each NAFLD group (n=8) had a control group on standard chow (n=8). Metabolic liver function was assessed by 2‐[18F]fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D-galactose positron emission tomography. Liver tissue was harvested for histology and fat quantification.Results: Early NAFLD had steatosis with 18% fat by liver volume. Late NAFLD had 32% steatosis and showed features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Regional galactose metabolism was reduced in early NAFLD; more so in late NAFLD, median hepatic standardised uptake values (SUV): 9.8 and 7.4, respectively (p=0.02) and ~12.5 in controls. In early NAFLD, lower SUV was explained by fat infiltration. In late NAFLD, SUV was decreased beyond that attributable to fat; probably related to NASH features. Nonetheless, total capacity for galactose elimination remained intact. In late NAFLD, this was attained by increased fat-free liver mass to 21 g, versus 15 g in early NAFLD and controls (both p≤0.002).Conclusions: Regional metabolic liver function was compromised in NAFLD by replacement of liver tissue with fat and, in late NAFLD, probably by additional structural changes. Total liver function was preserved in late NAFLD by a marked increase in the fat-free liver mass.
Arthroscopic treatment of stable nonunion, unstable nonunion, or nonunion of the scaphoid with early degenerative radioscaphoid arthritis
Authors: Shih Yin-chuan , Wu Chang-Chin , Shih Jui-Tien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was designed to analyze the clinical follow-up results (minimum of 2 years) in patients with stable nonunion, unstable nonunion, or nonunion of the scaphoid with early degenerative radioscaphoid arthritis (Lichtman classification stage I–III) treated with arthroscopic osteosynthesis with autogenous bone graft.Methods: We retrospectively recruited 44 consecutive patients with scaphoid fracture nonunion treated with arthroscopy-assisted percutaneous internal fixation with autogenous bone grafts from January 2010 to November 2019. We recorded union and return to activity and analyzed data with regular clinical follow-up at a mean duration of 33 months (range, 24–46 months). Clinical (i.e., visual analog scale pain score, grip strength, and range of motion), radiographic, and functional (Mayo Modified Wrist Score (MMWS)) outcomes at the final follow-up were compared with the preoperative assessments and analyzed in patients with different stages. Results: We confirmed union in 39 of the 44 patients (88.6%) after a mean 15.4 weeks post-operatively according to clinical examinations and standard radiography. All clinical parameters improved significantly. For the MMWS, there were 25 excellent and 14 good results. Of the 44 patients, 40 (90.9%) returned to work or sports activities at their preinjury levels. Comparisons of the outcomes between patients in different stages of scaphoid nonunion revealed no significant difference in the aspect of union rate, VAS pain score, and functional score improvement.Conclusions: Arthroscopic osteosynthesis with autogenous bone grafts is a reliable and minimally invasive method for achieving nonunion healing and improving clinical outcomes in stage I–III scaphoid nonunion.Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.