bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptide purity assignment for antibody quantification by combining isotope dilution mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography
Authors: Lee Hwashim , Lee Jinhwan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPeptide purity assignment is necessary for quantification of antibody. Recently, isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) has been proposed as a primary method for an accurate antibody measurement with traceability. When using the IDMS method, antibodies are measured using their signature peptide as the calibration standard. Therefore, the purity assignments of their signature peptide are essential for the standardization and harmonization of the antibody measurement. In this study, SI‐traceable purity assignments of the signature peptides of an antibody were investigated by combining the IDMS and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The final purity was calculated from the mass fraction of the total peptide determined by IDMS and the relative fraction of the target peptide determined by HPLC. The uncertainty was evaluated within the 95% confidence range. These peptides with the certified purity value can also be used for the quantification of antibodies for SARS‐CoV‐2.
Anatomical considerations and clinical implications of bicipital aponeurosis: A magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Balaban Mehtap , Torun Bilge İpek 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe bicipital aponeurosis (BA) is the distal aponeurosis of the biceps brachii which usually covers the median nerve (MN), and the brachial artery (BrA) and sometimes causes compression of these structures. Since these situations are rarely reported in the literature, BA frequently does not come to mind as a cause of such compression. Therefore, the diagnosis may be delayed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the morphometry of BA and its relationship with the surrounding neurovascular structures and to draw attention to BA as a structure that can cause entrapment of the MN and rarely, the BrA. We examined the MRIs of the elbow of 279 patients (107 women, 172 men) aged between 18 and 72 years. We measured the thickness, length and width of BA, and investigated the anatomical relationship between BA, BrA, and MN. The respective median thickness, width, and length of BA were 0.7 (0.4–1.8 mm), 18.0 (6.0–34.0 mm), and 32.0 (18.0–50.0 mm), respectively. In all sections examined, the BA covered the BrA and MN, and was located immediately anterior to the BrA. In 225 (80.6%) of 279 MRIs, the BrA was located anterior to the MN and posterior to the BA. In the remaining 54 (19.4%) MRIs, the MN was located anterior to the BrA and posterior to the BA. The respective median thickness, width, and length of the BA were 0.7 mm, 18.0 mm, and 32.0 mm, respectively. It covered the BrA and MN and was located immediately anterior to the BrA. The BA sometimes causes compression syndromes of these structures, therefore, for physicians, it is important to understand the anatomy of the BA.
Adverse events and stroke prevention by interventional left atrial appendage occlusion in patients with low CHA2DS2‐VASc score—results from the multicenter German LAARGE registry
Authors: Fastner Christian , Brachmann Johannes , Lewalter Thorsten , Zeymer Uwe , Sievert Horst , Ledwoch Jakob , Geist Volker , Hochadel Matthias , Schneider Steffen , Senges Jochen , Akin Ibrahim , Ansari Uzair 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundInterventional left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is routinely performed in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and contraindications to standard anticoagulation.AimsWe investigated its role in patients at low stroke risk, and compared the effectiveness and safety in patients with low versus high risk.MethodsLAARGE is a prospective registry depicting the clinical reality of LAAO. LAAO was conducted with different standard commercial devices, and follow‐up period was 1 year. Patients with started procedure and documented CHA2DS2‐VASc score were selected from the whole database.ResultsA total of 638 patients from 38 centers were divided into CHA2DS2‐VASc score ≤2, i.e., low‐risk group (10.2%), and >2, i.e., high‐risk group (89.8%). The latter had a pronounced cardiovascular risk profile and preceding strokes (0% vs. 23.9%; p < 0.001). Implantation success was consistently high (97.6%), frequencies of intrahospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (0% vs. 0.5%) and other major complications (4.6% vs. 4.0%) were low (each p = not significant [NS]). Numerous moderate complications were also observed in the low‐risk patients (12.3% vs. 9.4%; p = NS). Frequencies of nonfatal strokes (0% vs. 0.7%) and severe bleedings (0% vs. 0.7%) were low (each p = NS). In a specific analysis, patients at very high risk of stroke (i.e., CHA2DS2‐VASc score >4) did not have increased rates of complications or nonfatal strokes in the first year after the procedure.ConclusionsLow‐risk patients had no nonfatal strokes and major bleedings within 1 year after hospital discharge but had unexpectedly high rates of moderate procedural complications. The indication in these patients should be strictly defined based on an individual benefit‐risk assessment.
Impact of diabetes on clinical outcomes after revascularization with the dual therapy CD34 antibody‐covered sirolimus‐eluting Combo stent and the sirolimus‐eluting Orsiro stent
Authors: Jakobsen Lars , Christiansen Evald H. , Freeman Phillip , Kahlert Johnny , Veien Karsten , Maeng Michael , Raungaard Bent , Ellert Julia , Kristensen Steen D. , Christensen Martin K. , Terkelsen Christian J. , Thim Troels , Eftekhari Ashkan , Jensen Rebekka V. , Støttrup Nicolaj B. , Junker Anders , Hansen Henrik S. , Jensen Lisette O. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of the dual therapy CD34 antibody‐covered sirolimus‐eluting Combo stent (DTS) and the sirolimus‐eluting Orsiro stent (SES) in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) included in the Scandinavian Organization for Randomized Trials with Clinical Outcome (SORT OUT) X study.BackgroundThe incidence of target lesion failure (TLF) after treatment with modern drug‐eluting stents has been reported to be significantly higher in patients with DM when compared to patients without DM. Thus, whether the results from the SORT OUT X study apply to patients with and without DM remains unknown.MethodsIn total 3146 patients were randomized to stent implantation with DTS (n = 1578; DM: n = 279) or SES (n = 1568; DM: n = 271). The primary end point, TLF, was a composite of cardiac death, target‐lesion myocardial infarction (MI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR) within 1 year.ResultsAt 1 year, the rate of TLF was increased in the DTS group compared to the SES group, both among patients with DM (9.3% vs. 4.8%; risk difference: 4.5%; incidence rate ratio: 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–3.90) and without DM (5.7% vs. 3.5%; incidence rate ratio: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.15–2.42). The differences were mainly explained by higher rates of TLR.ConclusionCompared to the SES, the DTS was associated with an increased risk of TLF at 12 months in patients with and without DM. The differences were mainly explained by higher rates of TLR, whereas rates of cardiac death and target lesion MI did not differ significantly between the two stent groups in patients with or without DM.
Deposition of Vertically Aligned Ag/Ag2S Nanoflakes on EGaIn Particles for Humidity Sensing
Authors: Liu Yanlei , Yang Lei , Chen Qian , Wang Zeyi , Yang Zhiwei , Cao Jiacheng , Wang Xiaoshan , Li Hai , Huang Xiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLiquid metals, which possess both good electrical conductivity and liquid‐like processability, have drawn much attention recently. They are also capable of acting as synthesis templates to guide the deposition of other functional materials. Herein, through an in‐situ galvanic replacement reaction assisted by ultrasonication, core–shell EGaIn/Ag particles composed of EGaIn cores and vertically aligned Ag nanoflakes as shells were prepared; they were further sulfurized to yield ternary EGaIn/Ag/Ag2S core–shell composite particles. A humidity sensor based on EGaIn/Ag/Ag2S particles showed much higher sensing response than EGaIn and EGaIn/Ag. Such superior performance could be attributed to the n‐type semiconducting character of Ag2S allowing it to receive electrons from water molecules at low humidity, and its highly hydrophilic surface allowing it to absorb more water molecules at higher humidity so as to enable the formation of ion‐conductive paths.
Encapsulating sulphur inside Magnéli phase Ti4O7 nanotube array for high performance lithium sulphur battery cathode
Authors: Wu Hsiwen , Hu Xijun , Shao Minhua , Zhang Shuwei , Chen Guohua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe lithium–sulphur battery is a promising system for next‐generation energy storage because of its high energy density and the abundant supply of sulphur. In this study, Magnéli phase Ti4O7 nanotube arrays (NTA) were grown on titanium nitride mesh substrates via anodization of titanium mesh followed by high‐temperature reduction under a hydrogen atmosphere. When prepared into a composite material with sulphur via electrodeposition, Ti4O7 NTA provides sulphur with high electronic conductivity and strong polysulphide chemisorption during battery operation. The structure of NTA allows sufficient access of incorporated sulphur to the liquid electrolyte and supports high sulphur loadings per unit area of the electrode. The application of an additional layer of conductive carbon coating to confine electrodeposited sulphur inside the NTA further improved the cell cycling performance. Under sulphur loadings of around 2.0 mg/cm2, high values of specific capacity (1604 mAh/g at a 1/20 C rate), ultra‐low capacity decay rate (0.03% per cycle for 1800 cycles), and versatile rate capability (660 mAh/g at 2 C and 500 mAh/g at 4 C) were achieved. Under high sulphur loadings of around 5.0 mg/cm2, stable cycling (decay rate below 0.10% per cycle) and high areal capacity (4.97 mAh/cm2) were attained.
Adsorption to the Surface of Hemozoin Crystals: Structure‐Based Design and Synthesis of Amino‐Phenoxazine β‐Hematin Inhibitors
Authors: Olivier Tania , Loots Leigh , Kok Michélle , de Villiers Marianne , Reader Janette , Birkholtz Lyn‐Marié , Arnott Gareth E. , de Villiers Katherine A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn silico adsorption of eight antimalarials that inhibit β‐hematin (synthetic hemozoin) formation identified a primary binding site on the (001) face, which accommodates inhibitors via formation of predominantly π‐π interactions. A good correlation (r2=0.64, P=0.017) between adsorption energies and the logarithm of β‐hematin inhibitory activity was found for this face. Of 53 monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic scaffolds, the latter yielded the most favorable adsorption energies. Five new amino‐phenoxazine compounds were pursued as β‐hematin inhibitors based on adsorption behaviour. The 2‐substituted phenoxazines show good to moderate β‐hematin inhibitory activity (<100 μM) and Plasmodium falciparum blood stage activity against the 3D7 strain. N1,N1‐diethyl‐N4‐(10H‐phenoxazin‐2‐yl)pentane‐1,4‐diamine (P2a) is the most promising hit with IC50 values of 4.7±0.6 and 0.64±0.05 μM, respectively. Adsorption energies are predictive of β‐hematin inhibitory activity, and thus the in silico approach is a beneficial tool for structure‐based development of new non‐quinoline inhibitors.
Optimum scheduling of machines, automated guided vehicles and tools without tool delay in a multi‐machine flexible manufacturing system using symbiotic organisms search algorithm
Authors: Mareddy Padma Lalitha , Narapureddy Sivarami Reddy , Dwivedula Venkata Ramamurthy , Karanam Prahlada Rao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article deals with machines, automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and tools simultaneous scheduling in multimachine flexible manufacturing system (FMS) with the lowest possible number of copies of every tool type without tool delay considering jobs' transport times among machines to minimize makespan (MSN). The tools are kept in a central tool magazine (CTM), which is shared by and serves many machines. Tool transporter (TT) and AGVs shift tools and jobs among machines respectively. This concurrent scheduling problem is extremely complex in nature as it involves determining the lowest possible tool copies of every type of tool, allocation of AGVs and tools copies to job‐operations, job‐operations sequencing on machines, and associated trip operations including the dead heading trip and loaded trip times of AGVs. This paper proposes nonlinear mixed integer programming (MIP) formulation to model this problem and symbiotic organisms search algorithm (SOSA) for solving this problem. Verification is carried out using an industrial problem in a manufacturing firm. The results show that employing two copies for one tool type and one copy each for the remaining tool types results in no tool delay and reduction in MSN which causes a reduction in cost, and SOSA is providing better solution than Jaya algorithm.
Adding MgCl2 to Molten NaCl−UCln (n=3, 4): Insights from First‐Principles Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Li Bo , Dai Sheng , Jiang De‐en 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMolten chlorides are proposed for fast‐spectrum molten salt reactors. Molten MgCl2 with NaCl forms eutectic mixtures and is considered as a promising dilutant to dissolve fuel salts such as UCl3 and UCl4. A previous study suggests the formation of a U−Cl network at the U : Na=1 : 1 binary salt. However, it is unclear how the structure of UCln (n=3, 4) in NaCl will change after adding MgCl2 in the salt. Here, we use first‐principles molecular dynamics to investigate the molten ternary salts NaCl−MgCl2−UCln (n=3, 4) at various concentrations of Mg2+ in NaCl−UCln with a fixed ratio of Na : U at 1 : 1. It is found that the addition of Mg2+ to NaCl−UCl3 leads to a higher coordination number (from 6.5 to 6.7) of Cl around U while the U−Cl network structure slightly decreases with the Mg concentration. Adding MgCl2 to NaCl−UCl4, however, breaks down the U−Cl network more completely. We attribute the different behavior of adding Mg2+ into NaCl−UCl3 and NaCl−UCl4 to the difference between U(III) and U(IV) in attracting Cl− ions to form the first coordination shell. The present work reveals the impact of MgCl2 as a dilutant solvent for NaCl−UCln fuel salts, which will be helpful in further studies and understanding of the thermophysical and transport properties of ternary systems.
Modeling of the Simultaneous Hydrogen Evolution and Cobalt Electrodeposition
Authors: Skitał Piotr M. , Domańska Aleksandra J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA mathematical model of simultaneous cobalt deposition and hydrogen evolution was developed and applied to the electroreduction process of 5 mM Co2+ ions investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique at different hydrogen ion concentrations (pH=2, 3, 4). The kinetic parameters of such a complex process were determined, and the validity of the model and its sensitivity to changes in individual parameters were verified. The relative value of the approximate standard deviation (ASD%) was used to determine the degree of fit of the model to the experimental data. The catalytic effect of cobalt on the hydrogen evolution process was comprehensively confirmed.
Advances in Catalytic Routes for the Homogeneous Green Conversion of the Bio‐Based Platform 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Messori Alessandro , Fasolini Andrea , Mazzoni Rita 
Published: April 2022

Abstract5‐Hydroxymethylfufural (HMF) is an intriguing platform molecule that can be obtained from biomasses and that can lead to the production of a wide range of products, intermediates, or monomers. The presence of different moieties in HMF (hydroxy, aldehyde, furan ring) allows to carry out different transformations such as selective oxidations and hydrogenations, reductive aminations, etherifications, decarbonylations, and acetalizations. This is a great chance in a biorefinery perspective but requires the development of active and highly selective catalysts. In this view, homogeneous catalysis can lead to efficient conversion of HMF at mild reaction conditions. This Review discussed the recent achievements in homogeneous catalysts development and application to HMF transformations. The effects of metal nature, ligands, solvents, and reaction conditions were reported and critically reviewed. Current issues and future chances have been presented to drive future studies toward more efficient and scalable processes.
M4B6X6 as a New Family of High‐Efficient Electrocatalysts: The Role of Surface Reconstruction in Water Oxidization
Authors: Bai Haoyun , Shen Shiying , Li Feifei , Geng Jiazhong , Feng Wenlin , Liu Hongchao , Ip Weng Fai , Lu Yunhao , Pan Hui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSearching for highly‐efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting has been greatly endowed due to the huge demand for green energy sources. Two‐dimensional (2D) materials are widely explored for the purpose because of their unique physical and chemical properties, abundant active sites, and easy fabrication. Here, we present a new family of 2D M4B6X6 (2D Boridenes) and investigate their physical and chemical properties for their potential applications into electrocatalysis based on first‐principles calculations. We demonstrate that 2D M4B6X6 (M=Cr, Mo, and W; X=O and F) are dynamically, thermodynamically, and mechanically stable, and show intriguing electronic and catalytic properties. Importantly, we find that M4B6O6 are intrinsically active for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Our results demonstrate that: (1) the adsorbate‐escape mechanism dominates the OER process with a low overpotential of 0.652 V on Cr4B6O6; (2) the partial surface‐oxidization can improve the catalytic performance of M4B6F6 dramatically; and (3) the surface reconstruction greatly affects the OER performance of M4B6X6. Our findings illustrate that the surface reconstruction is critical to the OER activity, which may provide a new strategy on the design of 2D materials for electrocatalysis and offer theoretical insight into the catalytic mechanism.
Treatment of ectopic variceal bleeding at choledochojejunostomy by endoscopic glue injection therapy with cyanoacrylate: Report of three cases including long‐term outcomes
Authors: Tanikawa Tomohiro , Ishii Katsunori , Katsumata Ryo , Urata Noriyo , Nishino Ken , Suehiro Mitsuhiko , Kawanaka Miwa , Haruma Ken , Kawamoto Hirofumi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEctopic varices around the choledochojejunostomy site after pancreatoduodenectomy are rare. Diagnosing ectopic varices is difficult but, if untreated or misdiagnosed, the resulting mortality is high. This report describes three cases of ectopic variceal bleeding at the choledochojejunostomy site that were improved by endoscopic glue injection therapy (EGIT) with cyanoacrylate (CA). Case 1 was a 68‐year‐old man admitted to the hospital with hematemesis and melena. Six years prior, the patient underwent a total pancreatectomy for intraductal papillary mucinous adenocarcinoma. We diagnosed ectopic variceal rupture at the choledochojejunostomy site and controlled bleeding by EGIT with alpha‐CA (αCA). Two recurrences of bleeding were improved by EGIT. Case 2 was a 71‐year‐old man admitted to the hospital with melena. Two and a half years prior, the patient underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic head adenocarcinoma. We found the red plug on the ectopic varices at the choledochojejunostomy site through endoscopic observation and performed EGIT with αCA. He had no recurrence. Case 3 was a 77‐year‐old woman admitted to the hospital with melena. Eleven years prior, the patient underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis at the pancreatic head. We controlled ectopic variceal bleeding at the choledochojejunostomy site by EGIT with αCA. Seven years after EGIT, ectopic varices could not be identified with an endoscope and there was no recurrence of ectopic bleeding.
Estimating carbon stocks and stock changes in Interior Wetbelt forests of British Columbia, Canada
Authors: DellaSala Dominick A. , Keith Heather , Sheehan Tim , Strittholt James , Mackey Brendan , Connolly Michelle , Werner Jeffery R. , Fredeen Arthur L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Interior Wetbelt (IWB) of British Columbia includes the globally rare Inland Temperate Rainforest (ITR) that if managed for its substantial carbon (C) stocks can contribute to Canada's Nationally Determined Commitment under the Paris Climate Agreement. We provide spatially explicit estimates of above‐ and belowground live and dead biomass and soil C stocks derived from three sources: (1) government online Vegetation Resources Inventory (VRI); (2) the GlobBiomass spatial dataset; and (3) field plots (n = 27) within old‐growth forests of the ITR. For live aboveground C, we summarize C stocks by elevation classes and decadal forest age. The upper bound on total C densities (above‐ and belowground live and dead biomass and soil C) based on VRI was a maximum of 806 megagrams (Mg) C ha−1. The mean total biomass C density measured in field plots was 583 Mg C ha−1 with a maximum of 1275 Mg C ha−1, which is on par with some of the world's most C‐dense temperate forests. About half the C is in live biomass pools with the rest in dead biomass and soil organic C pools. The mean C density from the VRI over all elevations was 182 Mg C ha−1, with soil organic C ~40% and live tree stems ~27%. Vegetation Resources Inventory estimates were 75% lower than field‐based measurements with the greatest mismatch in areas with the highest C density. Approximately 22% of the IWB has been logged, the majority since 1970s, resulting in live above ground C declining by at least 18%, although this is likely an underestimate. Logging was heavily concentrated in low (<1000 m; 28.3% of elevation zone) to mid‐elevations (1000–2000 m; 20.9%) compared with upper elevations (>2000 m; 1.2%). The region contains underappreciated C stocks that can help Canada meet its climate and conservation targets, but only if there are major forestry reforms that protect C‐dense old‐growth forests, allow degraded forests time to recover the logging‐related C debt, and improve monitoring of C stocks and stock changes.
Cobalt Oxide Nanowires with Controllable Diameters and Crystal Structures for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Budiyanto Eko , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein, mesoporous cobalt oxides with nanowire morphology were size‐selectively synthesized via nanocasting and used as a model system to reveal the impact of diameter, pore, and crystal structures toward the alkaline water electrolysis. A range of Co3O4nanowires with variable diameters was prepared by replication of SBA‐15 silica with different degree of interconnectivity and pore sizes. These nanowires could be further transformed to CoO rock‐salt structure through a selective reduction process by keeping the initial morphology and textural parameters. The electrocatalytic screening showed that CoO with the smallest nanowire diameter and open pore structure showed superior activity in the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the higher amount of available active centers and defect sites. The overpotential to reach 10 mA/cm2drops from 392 to 337 mV after reduction of Co3O4to CoO. Anin situRaman spectroscopy investigation showed that Co3O4retained its bulk crystalline spinel phase while CoO faced an irreversible phase transformation into a distorted spinel structure after OER.