bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crack engineering boosts the performance of flexible sensors
Authors: Zhou Yunlei , Lian Haoxiang , Li Zhenlei , Yin Liting , Ji Qian , Li Kan , Qi Fei , Huang YongAn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith exceptional performance, flexible sensors have found broad applications, including human health monitoring, motion detection, human–machine interaction, smart wearable technology, and robot control. Crack‐sensitive structures based on animal bionics have also caught increasing attention because of their extraordinary sensitivity. Crack‐based flexible sensors, which combine the flexibility of the flexible sensors and the high sensitivity of the crack sensing structures, have seen rapid development in recent years. In this review, we summarize the sensing mechanisms of the flexible sensors based on the crack disconnection–reconnection process. The effects of crack type, depth, and density on sensor performance are explored in detail. We also discuss the performance characteristics and applications of the crack‐based flexible sensors with various materials, design structures, and crack generation procedures. Finally, the main challenges of the crack‐based flexible sensors are also reviewed, and several research directions are proposed.
Copy number variation of EIF4A2 loci related to phenotypic traits in Chinese cattle
Authors: Zhang Zijing , Peng Mengyang , Wen Yifan , Chai Yanan , Liang Juntong , Yang Peng , Liu Xian , Li Jungang , Huang Yajun , Li Lijuan , Huang Weihong , Qi Zengfang , Yang Guojie , Chen Fuying , Shi Qiaoting , Li Zhiming , Ru Baorui , Lei Chuzhao , Wang Eryao , Huang Yongzhen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGenerally, copy number variation (CNV) is a large‐scale structural variation between 50 bp and 1 kb of the genome. It can affect gene expression and is an important reason for genetic diversity and phenotypic trait diversity. Studies have shown that the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2 (EIF4A2) gene plays an essential role in muscle development in both humans and pigs. However, the influence of bovine EIF4A2’s copy number change on phenotypic traits has not been reported.ObjectivesTo detect the tissue expression profile of the EIF4A2 gene in adult cattle and individuals’ CNV type of variation. Then, we explored the correlation between EIF4A2‐CNV and growth traits in Chinese cattle breeds.MethodsReal‐time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐qPCR) was used to determine the expression profile of the EIF4A2 gene. Real‐time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to detect the CNV type of bovine populations. Then, SPSS 26.0 was used for association analysis.ResultsIn this study, a total of 513 individuals in four cattle breeds (Qinchuan cattle [QC], Yunling cattle [YL], Pinan cattle [PN] and Jiaxian cattle [JX]) were detected for EIF4A2 gene's CNV. The results showed that EIF4A2‐CNV has an essential impact on hip width (HW) and rump length (RL) in QC, heart girth (HG), chest depth (CD) and RL in YL and HW in PN. However, it had no significant effect on JX.ConclusionsThe above results suggest that EIF4A2 gene's CNV can be used as a molecular marker for cattle breeding, which is helpful to accelerate the breeding of superior beef cattle breeds.
Sweeter than SUITE: Supermartingale Stratified Union-Intersection Tests of Elections
Authors: Spertus Jacob V. , Stark Philip B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStratified sampling can be useful in risk-limiting audits (RLAs), for instance, to accommodate heterogeneous voting equipment or laws that mandate jurisdictions draw their audit samples independently. We combine the union-intersection tests in SUITE, the reduction of RLAs to testing whether the means of a collection of lists are all$$\le 1/2$$≤1/2of SHANGRLA, and thenonnegative supermartingale(NNSM) tests in ALPHA to improve the efficiency and flexibility of stratified RLAs. A simple, non-adaptive strategy for combining stratumwise NNSMs decreases the measured risk in the 2018 pilot hybrid audit in Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA by more than an order of magnitude, from 0.037 for SUITE to 0.003 for our method. We give a simple, computationally inexpensive, adaptive rule for deciding which stratum to sample next that reduces audit workload by as much as 74% in examples. We also present NNSM-based tests that are computationally tractable even when there are many strata, illustrated with a simulated audit stratified across California’s 58 counties.
BFT2: a general class of 2d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (0, 2) theories, 3-manifolds and toric geometry
Authors: Franco Sebastián , Yu Xingyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We introduce and initiate the study of a general class of 2d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 2) quiver gauge theories, defined in terms of certain 2-dimensional CW complexes on oriented 3-manifolds. We refer to this class of theories as BFT2’s. They are natural generalizations of Brane Brick Models, which capture the gauge theories on D1-branes probing toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. The dynamics and triality of the gauge theories translate into simple transformations of the underlying CW complexes. We introduce various combinatorial tools for analyzing these theories and investigate their connections to toric Calabi-Yau manifolds, which arise as their master and moduli spaces. Invariance of the moduli space is indeed a powerful criterion for identifying theories in the same triality class. We also investigate the reducibility of these theories.
On a Range of Exponents for Absence of Lavrentiev Phenomenon for Double Phase Functionals
Authors: Bulíček Miroslav , Gwiazda Piotr , Skrzeczkowski Jakub 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor a class of functionals having the (p, q)-growth, we establish an improved range of exponentsp,qfor which the Lavrentiev phenomenon does not occur. The proof is based on a standard mollification argument and Young convolution inequality. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we observe that it is sufficient to regularise only bounded functions. Second, we exploit the$$L^{\infty }$$L∞bound on the function rather than the$$L^p$$Lpestimate on the gradient. Our proof does not rely on the properties of minimizers to variational problems but it is rather a consequence of the underlying Musielak–Orlicz function spaces. Moreover, our method works for unbounded boundary data, the variable exponent functionals and vectorial problems. In addition, the result seems to be optimal for$$p\leqq d$$p≦d.
Early and long-term skull growth after surgical correction for sagittal synostosis in relation to the occurrence of papilledema
Authors: van de Beeten Stephanie D. C. , Kurniawan Melissa S. I. C. , Kamst Nathalie W. , Loudon Sjoukje E. , Mathijssen Irene M. J. , van Veelen Marie-Lise C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
Stagnation of skull growth is correlated with papilledema in craniosynostosis. In this retrospective cohort study, we describe the postoperative skull growth after surgical correction for sagittal synostosis and its relation to the development of papilledema.

Methods

Patients with isolated sagittal synostosis at our center between 2005 and 2012 were included. Occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) was analyzed, at 3 time points (preoperative, 2 years postoperative, and last OFC measurement) and 3 phases (initial postoperative growth, long-term growth, and overall growth), and related to papilledema on fundoscopy.

Results

In total, 163 patients were included. The first time interval showed a decline in skull growth, with subsequent stabilization at long term. Papilledema occurred postoperatively in 10 patients. In these patients, the OFC at 2 years and at last follow-up (T3) were significantly smaller than in patients without papilledema. A larger OFC resulted in a decreased odds of developing papilledema at both postoperative time points (at T2 (OR = 0.40, p = 0.01) and at T3 (OR 0.29, p < 0.001)). Sensitivity and specificity analysis indicated that an OFC below 0.25 SD at T2 (sensitivity 90%, specificity 65%) and below 0.49 at T3 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 60%) are related to the occurrence of papilledema.

Conclusion
A small OFC is correlated with the occurrence of papilledema. A decline in OFC within 2 years postoperatively is common in sagittal synostosis and is acceptable up to a value of 0.25SD. Patients with an OFC at last follow-up of less than 0.5SD are at risk for developing papilledema.
Identification of TMEM106B amyloid fibrils provides an updated view of TMEM106B biology in health and disease
Authors: Perneel Jolien , Rademakers Rosa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince the initial identification of TMEM106B as a risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), multiple genetic studies have found TMEM106B variants to modulate disease risk in a variety of brain disorders and healthy aging. Neurodegenerative disorders are typically characterized by inclusions of misfolded proteins and since lysosomes are an important site for cellular debris clearance, lysosomal dysfunction has been closely linked to neurodegeneration. Consequently, many causal mutations or genetic risk variants implicated in neurodegenerative diseases encode proteins involved in endosomal–lysosomal function. As an integral lysosomal transmembrane protein, TMEM106B regulates several aspects of lysosomal function and multiple studies have shown that proper TMEM106B protein levels are crucial for maintaining lysosomal health. Yet, the precise function of TMEM106B at the lysosomal membrane is undetermined and it remains unclear how TMEM106B modulates disease risk. Unexpectedly, several independent groups recently showed that the C-terminal domain (AA120-254) of TMEM106B forms amyloid fibrils in the brain of patients with a diverse set of neurodegenerative conditions. The recognition that TMEM106B can form amyloid fibrils and is present across neurodegenerative diseases sheds new light on TMEM106B as a central player in neurodegeneration and brain health, but also raises important new questions. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and place a decade’s worth of TMEM106B research into an exciting new perspective.
Effect of nurse-led telephone follow-up on postoperative symptoms and analgesics consumption after benign hysterectomy: a randomized, single-blinded, four-arm, controlled multicenter trial
Authors: Kassymova Gulnara , Sydsjö Gunilla , Wodlin Ninnie Borendal , Nilsson Lena , Kjølhede Preben 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The study aimed to determine if planned telephone follow-up, especially when adding structured, oriented coaching, reduces the intensity of postoperative symptoms and decreases analgesics consumption after benign hysterectomy.

Methods
A randomized, single-blinded, four-armed, controlled multicenter trial of 525 women scheduled for hysterectomy was conducted in 5 hospitals in the southeast health region of Sweden. The women were allocated 1:1:1:1 into four follow-up models: (A) no telephone follow-up (control group); (B) one planned, structured, telephone follow-up the day after discharge; (C) as B but with additional telephone follow-up once weekly for 6 weeks; and (D) as C but with oriented coaching telephone follow-up on all occasions. Postoperative symptoms were assessed using the Swedish Postoperative Symptoms Questionnaire. Analgesic consumption was registered. Unplanned telephone contacts and visits were registered during the 6 weeks of follow-up.

Results
In total, 487 women completed the study. Neither pain intensity, nor symptom sum score or analgesic consumption differed between the intervention groups. Altogether, 224 (46.0%) women had unplanned telephone contacts and 203 (41.7%) had unplanned visits. Independent of intervention, the women with unplanned telephone contacts had higher pain intensity and symptom sum scores, particularly if an unplanned telephone contact was followed by a visit, or an unplanned visit was preceded by an unplanned telephone contact.

Conclusion
Telephone follow-up did not seem to affect recovery regarding symptoms or analgesic consumption after benign hysterectomy in an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) setting. Unplanned telephone contacts and visits were associated with more postoperative symptoms, especially pain.
Trial registration The study is registered in ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01526668 retrospectively from January 27; 2012. Date of enrolment of first patient: October 11; 2011.
Cold air exposure at − 15 °C induces more airway symptoms and epithelial stress during heavy exercise than rest without aggravated airway constriction
Authors: Eklund Linda M. , Sköndal Åsa , Tufvesson Ellen , Sjöström Rita , Söderström Lars , Hanstock Helen G. , Sandström Thomas , Stenfors Nikolai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Exposure to cold air may harm the airways. It is unclear to what extent heavy exercise adds to the cold-induced effects on peripheral airways, airway epithelium, and systemic immunity among healthy individuals. We investigated acute effects of heavy exercise in sub-zero temperatures on the healthy airways.

Methods
Twenty-nine healthy individuals underwent whole body exposures to cold air in an environmental chamber at − 15 °C for 50 min on two occasions; a 35-min exercise protocol consisting of a 5-min warm-up followed by 2 × 15 min of running at 85% of VO2max vs. 50 min at rest. Lung function was measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS) and spirometry before and immediately after exposures. CC16 in plasma and urine, and cytokines in plasma were measured before and 60 min after exposures. Symptoms were surveyed pre-, during and post-trials.

Results
FEV1 decreased after rest (− 0.10 ± 0.03 L, p < 0.001) and after exercise (− 0.06 ± 0.02 L, p = 0.012), with no difference between trials. Exercise in − 15 °C induced greater increases in lung reactance (X5; p = 0.023), plasma CC16 (p < 0.001) as well as plasma IL-8 (p < 0.001), compared to rest. Exercise induced more intense symptoms from the lower airways, whereas rest gave rise to more general symptoms.

Conclusion
Heavy exercise during cold air exposure at − 15 °C induced signs of an airway constriction to a similar extent as rest in the same environment. However, biochemical signs of airway epithelial stress, cytokine responses, and symptoms from the lower airways were more pronounced after the exercise trial.
Clinical outcomes of single-stage versus two-stage laparoscopic Roux-en-y gastric bypass in the management of obesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2): a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fadel Michael G , Fehervari Matyas , Lairy Ali , Das Bibek , Alyaqout Khaled , Ashrafian Hutan , Khwaja Haris , Efthimiou Evangelos 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in patients with obesity, BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2, can be a challenging operation. Weight loss with intra-gastric balloon (IGB) insertion prior to LRYGB may improve operative outcomes.

Methods
Between June 2000 and June 2020, patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 underwent either IGB insertion followed by LRYGB (two-stage group), or LRYGB as the definitive bariatric procedure (single-stage group) in our institution. The two-stage procedure was adopted for high risk individuals. Primary outcome measures were percentage total weight loss (%TWL) at 24 months, length of stay and postoperative morbidity. Propensity score analysis was used to account for differences between groups.

Results
A total of 155 (mean age 42.9 years ± 10.60; mean BMI 54.6 kg/m2 ± 4.53) underwent either the two-stage (n = 30) or single-stage procedure (n = 125) depending on preoperative fitness. At 6 months following LRYGB, there was a significant difference in %TWL between the groups in a matched analysis (11.9% vs 23.7%, p < 0.001). At 24 months, there was no difference in %TWL (32.0% vs 34.7%, p = 0.13). Median hospital stay following LRYGB was 2.0 (1-4) days with the two-stage vs 2.0 (0-14) days for the single-stage approach (p = 0.75). There was also no significant difference in complication rates (p = 0.058) between the two groups.

Conclusions
There was no difference in weight loss after one or two-stage procedures in the treatment of patients with a BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2 super obesity in a propensity score weighted analysis at 24 months. Length of stay and perioperative complications were similar for high risk patients; however, the two-stage approach was associated with delayed weight loss. Single-stage management is recommended for moderate risk patients, particularly with significant metabolic disorders, whilst two-stage approach is a safe and feasible pathway for high risk individuals.
Dynamic changes of soluble HLA-G and cytokine plasma levels in cervical cancer patients: potential role in cancer progression and immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Hui-Hui , Xie You-You , Jun-Gan  , Yang Zhi , Han Qiu-Yue 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic inflammation has been proven to be an important factor in carcinogenesis. Cytokines are the central mediators in the inflammatory microenvironment, and their release may be influenced by soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G). The aim of this study was to monitor the dynamic process of these soluble factors in patients with cervical cancer at Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, trying to understand their relationship with diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Methods
We quantified plasma levels of sHLA-G and 12 cytokines using ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively, in the peripheral blood of patients with cervical cancer divided into three groups: preoperation, postoperation and clinical relapse. Healthy women were used as the control group. Data were analysed by non-parametric tests, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and Kaplan–Meier plotter (log-rank test).

Results
In this study, our findings showed that preoperation plasma levels of sHLA-G and the cytokines IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ in cervical cancer patients had a good discriminatory effect between cervical cancer patients and healthy women. It should be noted that plasma levels of sHLA-G, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly decreased within 30 days after radical hysterectomy (P < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between IL-6 and IL-10, IL-8 and IL-17 levels preoperatively. In contrast, sHLA-G levels were negatively correlated with IL-10 but not with other cytokines. An increased survival rate in patients with cervical cancer was associated with IL-5 < 1.70 pg/mL, IL-17 < 2.30 pg/mL, and IFN-α < 2.26 pg/mL preoperatively. In addition, our findings showed that the levels of cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-17, and IFN-γ may be related to 5-year relapse rates and/or the metastasis of cervical cancer.

Conclusion
The current findings enhance our understanding of the dynamic process (preoperation, postoperation and clinical relapse) of sHLA-G and these cytokines in the plasma of patients with cervical cancer from diagnosis to prognosis. These biomarkers may play a potential therapeutic target role of such dynamic changes in the immunotherapy for cervical cancer.
Explicit formulas for the inverses of Toeplitz matrices, with applications
Authors: Inoue Akihiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe derive novel explicit formulas for the inverses of truncated block Toeplitz matrices that correspond to a multivariate minimal stationary process. The main ingredients of the formulas are the Fourier coefficients of the phase function attached to the spectral density of the process. The derivation of the formulas is based on a recently developed finite prediction theory applied to the dual process of the stationary process. We illustrate the usefulness of the formulas by two applications. The first one is a strong convergence result for solutions of general block Toeplitz systems for a multivariate short-memory process. The second application is closed-form formulas for the inverses of truncated block Toeplitz matrices corresponding to a multivariate ARMA process. The significance of the latter is that they provide us with a linear-time algorithm to compute the solutions of corresponding block Toeplitz systems.
Proper generalized decomposition solutions for composite laminates parametrized with fibre orientations
Authors: El-Ghamrawy K. , Zlotnik S. , Auricchio F. , Díez P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComposite materials are gaining popularity as an alternative to classical materials in many different applications. Moreover, their design is even more flexible due to the potential of additive manufacturing. Thus, one can produce a tailored composite laminate with the optimal values of some design parameters providing the desired mechanical performance. In this context, having a parametric numerical model for the mechanical response of the composite laminate is essential to compute the optimal parameters. In the present paper, the design parameters under consideration are the angles describing the orientation of the reinforcement fibers in different layers or patches of the composite laminates. We obtain a generalized solution using Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) which is adopted to provide solutions with explicit parametric dependence. The Tsai-Wu failure criterion is used to estimate first ply failure. In this context, Tsai-Wu criterion is used as the objective function for the optimization of the fibre orientations in the laminate. The PGD solution provides also sensitivities for a gradient-based optimization algorithm. The potentiality and efficiency of the presented approach is demonstrated through some numerical tests.
Influence of Ni and Process Parameters in Medium Mn Steels Heat Treated by High Partitioning Temperature Q&P Cycles
Authors: Del Molino Eider , Arribas Telleria Maribel , Gilliams Casey , Arlazarov Artem , González Javier Jesús , De Moor Emmanuel , Speer John Gordon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, two medium Mn steels (5.8 and 5.7 wt pct Mn) were subjected to a quenching and partitioning (Q&P) treatment employing a partitioning temperature which corresponded to the start of austenite reverse transformation (ART). The influence of a 1.6 wt pct Ni addition in one of the steels and cycle parameters on austenite stability and mechanical properties was also studied. High contents of retained austenite were obtained in the lower quenching temperature (QT) condition, which at the same time resulted in a finer microstructure. The addition of Ni was effective in stabilizing higher contents of austenite. The partitioning of Mn and Ni from martensite into austenite was observed by TEM–EDS. The partitioning behaviour of Mn depended on the QT condition. The lower QT condition facilitated Mn enrichment of austenite laths during partitioning and stabilization of a higher content of austenite. The medium Mn steel containing Ni showed outstanding values of the product of tensile strength (TS) and total elongation (TEL) in the lower QT condition and a higher mechanical stability of the austenite.