bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chitosan–ZnO nanocomposite coating for inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes on the surface and within white brined cheese
Authors: Olaimat Amin N. , Sawalha Amani Ghazi Ahmad , Al‐Nabulsi Anas A. , Osaili Tareq , Al‐Biss Burhan Aldeen , Ayyash Mutamed , Holley Richard A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral types of cheeses including white brined cheese have been linked to listeriosis outbreaks worldwide. This study aimed to (i) investigate the in vitro inhibitory activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) at concentrations of 0.0125–0.1% against three Listeria monocytogenes strains at 10 or 37°C, (ii) evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of chitosan‐based coating containing 1.0% ZnO NPs against L. monocytogenes on the surface or inside vacuum‐packaged white brined cheese at 4 or 10°C, and iii) determine the migration of ZnO NPs from the surface to the interior of cheeses using energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX). The antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs was higher at 37°C than at 10°C. The initial numbers (4.0 log CFU/ml) of two L. monocytogenes strains were reduced below detectable levels, while the third strain was reduced by 1.2 log CFU/ml at 37°C. At 10°C, the initial L. monocytogenes numbers were reduced by 0.4–1.9 log CFU/ml. Chitosan coating containing 1.0% ZnO NPs reduced L. monocytogenes numbers by 1.5 and 3.7 log CFU/g on the surface or by 0.9 and 1.5 log CFU/g in the interior of vacuum‐packed cheese stored at 10 or 4°C, respectively. The EDX results showed that ZnO NP levels remained constant on the cheese surface with no indication of migration into the cheese matrix at the end of storage.Practical Application: Chitosan and ZnO are antimicrobial agents and their combination in edible coatings has the potential for inactivating foodborne pathogens. Chitosan coating containing ZnO NPs can be used as an effective active packaging material to reduce numbers of L. monocytogenes in white brined cheese.
Genome architecture used to supplement species delineation in two cryptic marine ciliates
Authors: Smith Susan A. , Santoferrara Luciana F. , Katz Laura A. , McManus George B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to determine which taxonomic methods can elucidate clear and quantifiable differences between two cryptic ciliate species, and to test the utility of genome architecture as a new diagnostic character in the discrimination of otherwise indistinguishable taxa. Two cryptic tintinnid ciliates, Schmidingerella arcuata and Schmidingerella meunieri, are compared via traditional taxonomic characters including lorica morphometrics, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene barcodes and ecophysiological traits. In addition, single‐cell ‘omics analyses (single‐cell transcriptomics and genomics) are used to elucidate and compare patterns of micronuclear genome architecture between the congeners. The results include a highly similar lorica that is larger in S. meunieri, a 0%–0.5% difference in rRNA gene barcodes, two different and nine indistinguishable growth responses among 11 prey treatments, and distinct patterns of micronuclear genomic architecture for genes detected in both ciliates. Together, these results indicate that while minor differences exist between S. arcuata and S. meunieri in common indices of taxonomic identification (i.e., lorica morphology, DNA barcode sequences and ecophysiology), differences exist in their genomic architecture, which suggests potential genetic incompatibility. Different patterns of micronuclear architecture in genes shared by both isolates also enable the design of species‐specific primers, which are used in this study as unique “architectural barcodes” to demonstrate the co‐occurrence of both ciliates in samples collected from a NW Atlantic estuary. These results support the utility of genomic architecture as a tool in species delineation, especially in ciliates that are cryptic or otherwise difficult to differentiate using traditional methods of identification.
Slovenia: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: KRAŠOVEC ALENKA 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSlovenia faced a further backsliding in democracy/autocratisation process in 2021 as well as a hung National Assembly. Still, the minority government was stable and managed to pass many laws, largely due to the support of MPs from DeSUS, who often even acted against the will of the party's central bodies. However, one law was challenged by voters at referendum. An alliance of NGOs was able to attract 46 per cent of voters to the polls, with the outcome that amendments to the law on water were overwhelmingly rejected. The government encountered several public protests, including violent ones, and despite the public's huge disappointment – only around a mere 20 per cent of voters assessed the government's work as (very) positive in 2021 and just 14 per cent believed that Slovenia was going in the right direction – the opposition was unable to bring pressure to bear to force early elections to be held.
Effects of climate and human activity on the current distribution of amphibians in China
Authors: Mi Chunrong , Huettmann Falk , Li Xinhai , Jiang Zhongwen , Du Weiguo , Sun Baojun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn China, as elsewhere, amphibians are highly endangered. Anthropogenic environmental change has affected the distribution and population dynamics of species, and species distributions at a broad scale are strongly driven by climate and species’ ability to disperse. Yet, current knowledge remains limited on how widespread human activity affects the distribution patterns of amphibians in China and whether this effect extends beyond climate. We compiled a relatively comprehensive database on the distribution of 196 amphibian species in China from the literature, public databases, and field data. We obtained 25,826 records on almost 50% of known species in China. To test how environmental factors and human activities influence the current distribution of amphibians (1960–1990), we used range filling, which is species realized ranges relative to their potential climate distribution. We used all species occurrence records to represent realized range and niche models to predict potential distribution range. To reduce uncertainty, we used 3 regression methods (beta regression, generalized boosted regression models, and random forest) to test the associations of species range filling with human activity, climate, topography, and range size. The results of the 3 approaches were consistent. At the species level, mean annual precipitation (climate) had the most effect on spatial distribution pattern of amphibians in China, followed by range size. Human activity ranked last. At the spatial level, mean annual precipitation remained the most important factor. Regions in southeastern of China that are currently moist supported the highest amphibian diversity, but were predicted to experience a decline in precipitation under climate change scenarios. Consequently, the distributions of amphibians will likely shift to the northwest in the future, which could affect future conservation efforts.
The offering of incense make : Jewish mystical perspectives on disease and healing*
Authors: Ackermann Domenik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn examination of a passage from the Zohar on Exodus (2:218b‐219b) provides Jewish mystical perspectives on disease, which may help inform a Christian response of solace and healing to illness and suffering in general, and to the COVID‐19 pandemic in particular. The aforementioned passage in the Zohar describes the preparation of incense. The primary purpose of the portion maintains that incense has special healing powers that even relieve people from severe diseases. The relating Midrash Ha‐Ne'lam explains the passage further by referring to the 4th century Palestinian Rabbi Aha arriving at a town that struggles with an epidemic. It describes how R. Aha initiates a ritual containing a study of the Talmud on incense, after which the village is healed from the epidemic. The Jewish theological background and reception of the passage may shed new light on how ritual and sensory experience can alleviate the experience of disease and suffering.
Adverse events after different forms of botulinum neurotoxin A injections in children with cerebral palsy: An 8‐year retrospective study
Authors: Li Jinling , He Lu , Tang Hongmei , Peng Tingting , Long Yao , Zeng Peishan , Huang Yuan , Chen Zhaofang , Han Mingshan , Xu Kaishou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo compare the risks of adverse events 3 months after Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A injections in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to identify risk factors and associations.MethodA total of 1037 children (682 males, 355 females; mean age 5 years 2 months [SD 3 years]; age range 2 years–17 years 10 months) with CP underwent 1013 Onabotulinumtoxin‐A injections and 418 Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A injections from 2012 to 2021. Information was recorded in a purpose‐built database.ResultsThe adverse event rates of Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A were reported as 13.92% and 11.96% respectively. Most adverse events were mild and self‐limiting. Children in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV to V had a higher risk of adverse events than those in GMFCS levels I to III (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval {CI}] = 3.65 [1.56, 5.40], p < 0.01). The history of recent illness and higher dose increased the likelihood of adverse events (OR [95% CI] = 2.00 [1.55, 3.00] and 2.20 [1.53, 3.07] respectively, p < 0.01). Sex, age, and the number of injections had no significant effect on adverse event rates (p > 0.05). The incidence of upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection after injections was weakly correlated with the incidence before injections (r = 0.36 and r = 0.27 respectively, p < 0.01).InterpretationOccurrence of adverse events was similar between Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A in children with CP. Dose, GMFCS level, and health background were risk factors.What this paper adds

The prevalence of adverse events was similar between Onabotulinumtoxin‐A and Lanbotulinumtoxin‐A in children with cerebral palsy (CP).
The prevalence of adverse events increased with the severity of CP and the injected dose.
Sex, age, and number of injections had no significant effect on the prevalence of adverse events.
Effect of upper limb focal muscle vibration on cortical activity: A systematic review with a focus on primary motor cortex
Authors: Kolbaşı Esma Nur , Huseyinsinoglu Burcu Ersoz , Bayraktaroğlu Zübeyir 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of upper extremity focal muscle vibration (FMV) on cortical activity. A systematic literature search was conducted for articles published in English in the SCOPUS, PEDro, PUBMED, REHABDATA, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. Eighteen studies (6 controlled and 12 experimental studies) were included in the systematic review. A total of 264 individuals (20 to 68 years) participated in the studies. The outcome of this review showed that FMV might have contradictory effects on cortical areas: (a) Reduction of cortical activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) and somatosensory cortex (S1), (b) no changes in the cortical activity of M1, and (c) increased cortical activity of M1 and S1. These effects may depend on different factors such as frequency and amplitude of FMV, vibration exposure time, and muscle status. However, no single factor can definitely be accounted for the variance.
Human parainfluenza 2 & 4: Clinical and genetic epidemiology in the UK, 2013–2017, reveals distinct disease features and co‐circulating genomic subtypes
Authors: Chellapuri Akhil , Smitheman Matthew , Chappell Joseph G. , Clark Gemma , Howson‐Wells Hannah C. , Berry Louise , Ball Jonathan K. , Irving William L. , Tarr Alexander W. , McClure C. Patrick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHuman Parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) comprise of four members of the genetically distinct genera of Respirovirus (HPIV1&3) and Orthorubulavirus (HPIV2&4), causing significant upper and lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, particularly in children. However, despite frequent molecular diagnosis, they are frequently considered collectively or with HPIV4 overlooked entirely. We therefore investigated clinical and viral epidemiological distinctions of the relatively less prevalent Orthorubulaviruses HPIV2&4 at a regional UK hospital across four autumn/winter epidemic seasons.MethodsA retrospective audit of clinical features of all HPIV2 or HPIV4 RT‐PCR‐positive patients, diagnosed between 1st September 2013 and 12th April 2017 was undertaken, alongside sequencing of viral genome fragments in a representative subset of samples.ResultsInfection was observed across all age groups, but predominantly in children under nine and adults over 40, with almost twice as many HPIV4 as HPIV2 cases. Fever, abnormal haematology, elevated C‐reactive protein and hospital admission were more frequently seen in HPIV2 than HPIV4 infection. Each of the four seasonal peaks of either HPIV2, HPIV4 or both, closely matched that of RSV, occurring in November and December and preceding that of Influenza A. A subset of viruses were partially sequenced, indicating co‐circulation of multiple subtypes of both HPIV2&4, but with little variation between each epidemic season or from limited global reference sequences.ConclusionsDespite being closest known genetic relatives, our data indicates a potential difference in associated disease between HPIV2 and HPIV4, with more hospitalisation seen in HPIV2 mono‐infected individuals, but a greater overall number of HPIV4 cases.
Battles of mobile payment networks: The impacts of network structures, technology complementarities and institutional mechanisms on consumer loyalty
Authors: Gong Xiang , Cheung Christy M. K. , Liu Shan , Zhang Kem Z. K. , Lee Matthew K. O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost information systems (IS) research takes for granted that consumers' adoption and the use of mobile payment (MP) applications are motivated by generic factors such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Challenging this assumption, we argue that the salient contextual characteristics of MP applications compel a reconsideration and problematization of research on MP adoption and use. Drawing on network effect theory, we examined how contextual network effects and contextual network types determine MP consumer loyalty. Using a mixed methods design, we find that direct network effects (i.e., network size, network centrality, network capability), indirect network effects (i.e., platform–application complementarity, application–service complementarity, service–strategy complementarity) and negative network effects (i.e., general institutional structure, general structural assurance, local institutional structure and local structural assurance) are key determinants of perceived benefits, which further promote MP consumer loyalty. Furthermore, except for general institutional structure and general structural assurance, all of the network effects are important predictors of switching costs, which influence MP consumer loyalty. Finally, the impacts of network effects on MP consumer loyalty differ between consumer‐ and service‐oriented networks. Our study enriches the IS literature by problematizing the core assumption underlying the MP adoption and use research and offering a contextual explanation of MP consumer loyalty. Our work also provides practitioners with insights into how to better leverage network effects on MP consumer loyalty.
Could we prove the nursing outcomes utilising clinical data warehouse? Effectiveness of pressure ulcer intervention in Korean tertiary hospital
Authors: Kim Moonsook , Park Se Yeon , Piao Meihua , Lim Earom , Yoo Soon Hwa , Ryu Minju , Lee Hyo Yeon , Won Hyejin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe use of Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW) for research and quality improvement has become more frequent in the last 10 years. In this study, we used CDW to determine the effectiveness of pressure ulcer interventions offered by ward nurses and wound care nursing specialists. A retrospective clinical outcomes study that utilise CDW has been carried out. We identified 1415 patients who were evaluated as pressure ulcer risk group from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2019. Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses were used to estimate the time to occurrence of pressure ulcers. We compared the survival curves of each group by applying the log‐rank test for significance. The overall median time to occurrence for both groups was 13 days (95% CI range: 11‐14 days). The control group showed a longer median time (14 days) to occurrence than the case group (12 days). In the pressure ulcer stage I, the case group showed a longer median time (14 days) to occurrence than the control group (8 days), indicating that the intervention provided by the wound care nursing specialist was effective in stage I, and delayed the occurrence of pressure ulcers. The findings may be used as preliminary data for the utilisation of the CDW in the field of nursing research in the future. Also, facilitating the accessibility of the wound care nursing specialist in the general wards should be effective to decrease the incidence rates.
Insight into the wetting behavior of AgCu‐xTi on ZrO2: Spreading and microstructural evolution
Authors: Zhou Wenlong , Liu Di , Fu Wei , Wang Huaijin , Song Xiaogong , Hu Shengpeng , Niu Hongwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the wetting behavior is significant to the fabrication of ceramic/ceramic (or metal) components. Here, the typical AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 system is selected and its wetting behavior is studied by improved sessile drop method for various Ti content (x = 1, 2, 3, 4, wt%) at temperature range of 800°C to 950°C. The spreading of AgCu‐xTi melt on ZrO2 substrate consists of two stages: (I) rapid‐spreading stage and (II) sluggish‐spreading stage. The spreading is determined by the interfacial interactions. Two kinds of products, TiO and Cu3Ti3O, nucleate and grow at the interface. Because of their metallic property, the wettability of AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 is significantly improved. Before continuous layer forms, the transportation of reactive mass is fast. Therefore, plenty of interfacial products precipitate at the interface resulting in the rapid spreading of AgCu‐xTi melt on ZrO2. After that, the formed continuous acts as barrier suppressing interfacial reactions, thereby a sluggish‐spreading stage is followed. This work provides insights into the interfacial microstructure inducing spreading of the AgCu‐xTi/ZrO2 system.
Issue Hierarchization in Agenda‐Setting: The Case of the European Council Agenda
Authors: Ullrichova Eliska 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAgenda‐setting scholars tend to search for a problem that receives the most policy attention, a so‐called primary issue. Since the concept of the primary issue is vague, this article aims to define and implement it in a framework of issue hierarchization leaning on the issue's place, space and framing on the agenda. The position and the hierarchy of issues are considered crucial elements of agenda‐setting but omitted in the literature. The article thus examines the hierarchy of issues in EU agenda‐setting, specifically on the case of the European Council agenda in the period December 2014–December 2020 using a holistic grading method. The findings show that the agenda can consist of more primary and several secondary issues at once. Interestingly, if more primary issues require policy attention, policy‐makers tend to mobilize additional resources to tackle them instead of dropping secondary issues off the agenda.
Prediction of water relaxation time using near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Junkai , Matsuura Hiroaki , Shirakashi Ryo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMolecular rotational relaxation time of water is believed to be an important parameter to evaluate the deterioration rate of biomaterial. In this work, we proposed and verified a method of using Fourier‐transform near infrared spectroscopy, which has advantages of non‐invasion, low‐cost, high spatial resolution as well as being time efficient, to predict the relaxation time of water in biomaterial. The Langevin equation of rotational Brownian motion of water dipole with double‐fold cosine potential barrier, solution of which gives the relaxation time as a function of potential barrier height, was applied to water–saccharide systems. We assumed that this potential barrier height is comparable to the increase of hydrogen bond strength of water in saccharide solution. The hydrogen bond strength values of pure water and saccharide solutions were calculated from the measured NIR absorbance band of water at 4500 –5500 cm−1. The relaxation times yielded by this method are in good agreement with those measured by dielectric spectroscopy.Practical ApplicationsWater plays important role in the investigation of long‐term preservation of biomaterials, since it is the medium of many chemical reactions which eventually lead to the deterioration. In principle, both cryopreservation and dry‐preservation involve the reduction of the mobility of water molecules to reduce chemical reaction rates. The rotational relaxation time as an indicator of molecular mobility of water was proved directly related to the protein deterioration rate. Compared with conventional methods of measuring water relaxation time such as dielectric spectroscopy or magnetic resonance, FT‐IR system has many advantages: low cost, non‐invasion, time efficient, and can provide spatial resolution up to μm level with infrared microscope. Therefore, our method may provide convenience to monitor crop growth and evaluate the quality of food in storage.
Multimodality treatment of vascular anomalies of the head and neck
Authors: Dorrity Jeffrey , Mack Joana , Wong Kevin , Richter Gresham T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundVascular anomalies affect up to 5% of children with the majority affecting the head and neck. They present at different ages as a wide variety of lesions. A careful evaluation with history, physical examination, and imaging assists in the proper diagnosis. Depending upon the condition treatment options for vascular anomalies include topical therapy, selective photothermolysis, sclerotherapy, embolization, surgical excision, and targeted systemic therapy.ConclusionStaged multimodal therapeutic regimens have proven to best control disease and allow for the preservation of function and aesthetics. The timing, sequence, and combination of therapies are best determined by a multidisciplinary vascular anomalies team. Patients and families need to be counseled on anticipated positive outcomes following a protracted course of treatment for the majority of vascular anomalies.
Interdisciplinary Management of a Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II Using a Combination of CAD‐CAM and Analog Techniques: A Clinical Report
Authors: Azpiazu‐Flores Francisco X. , Knobloch Lisa A. , Larsen Peter E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractType II dentinogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant condition that affects dentin which increases the complexity of the predictability of restorative treatment. Computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) technologies permit the creation of highly accurate devices and dental prostheses that simplify the planning and execution of advanced implant surgery and full‐mouth rehabilitation. This clinical report presents the interdisciplinary management of a 20‐year‐old male with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II. In this article, a combination of analog and CAD‐CAM technologies were used to fabricate devices that aided planning, assisted intermaxillary fixation and implant placement, served as interim prostheses, and permitted the accurate establishment of esthetics and occlusion of the definitive full‐arch prostheses.