bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dipole polarizability of time-varying particles
Authors: Mirmoosa M S , Koutserimpas T T , Ptitcyn G A , Tretyakov S A , Fleury R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Invariance under time translation (or stationarity) is probably one of the most important assumptions made when investigating electromagnetic phenomena. Breaking this assumption is expected to open up novel possibilities and result in exceeding conventional limitations. However, to explore the field of time-varying electromagnetic structures, we primarily need to contemplate the fundamental principles and concepts from a nonstationarity perspective. Here, we revisit one of those key concepts: the polarizability of a small particle, assuming that its properties vary in time. We describe the creation of induced dipole moment by external fields in a nonstationary, causal way, and introduce a complex-valued function, called temporal complex polarizability, for elucidating a nonstationary Hertzian dipole under time-harmonic illumination. This approach can be extended to any subwavelength particle exhibiting electric response. In addition, we also study the classical model of the polarizability of an oscillating electron using the equation of motion whose damping coefficient and natural frequency are changing in time. Next, we theoretically derive the effective permittivity corresponding to time-varying media (comprising free or bound electrons, or dipolar meta-atoms) and explicitly show the differences with the conventional macroscopic Drude–Lorentz model. This paper will hopefully pave the road towards better understanding of nonstationary scattering from small particles and homogenization of time-varying materials, metamaterials, and metasurfaces.
Switchable quantum anomalous and spin Hall effects in honeycomb magnet EuCd2As2
Authors: Li Bingyang , Sun Wenli , Zou Xiaorong , Li Xinying , Huang Baibiao , Dai Ying , Niu Chengwang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Creating and engineering the topological features of intrinsic magnets are essential for topological spintronic applications. Here, we propose a material platform to realize the switchable topological phase transition between quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) and quantum spin Hall (QSH) effects, unlike generally used magnetic doping, by strain engineering. At equilibrium lattice parameters, the QAH effect emerges in EuCd2As2 quintuple layers with nonzero Chern number and chiral edge states. Accompanying a strain-engineered magnetic phase transition from out-of-plane ferromagnetic (FM) to in-plane antiferromagnetic (AFM) states, a topological phase transition is simultaneously achieved, resulting in the QSH effect, which is explicitly confirmed by nonzero spin Chern number and the emergence of gapless edge states, even without time-reversal symmetry. Remarkably, the obtained QSH effect is highly robust against the magnetic configurations, including FM and AFM configurations with both out-of-plane and in-plane directions, hereby promoting EuCd2As2 as a wonderful candidate for understanding and utilizing the magnetic topological states in spintronics.
Cosmic inflation from broken conformal symmetry
Authors: Cai Rong-Gen , Hao Yu-Shi , Wang Shao-Jiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A period of rapidly accelerating expansion is expected in the early Universe implemented by a scalar field slowly rolling down along an asymptotically flat potential preferred by the current data. In this paper, we point out that this picture of the cosmic inflation with an asymptotically flat potential could emerge from the Palatini quadratic gravity by adding the matter field in such a way to break the local gauged conformal symmetry in both kinetic and potential terms.
LAMOST MRS-N Observation of the W80 Region
Authors: Li Yao , Wu Chao-Jian , Yao Yong-Qiang , Zhang Wei , Yin Jia , Ren Juan-Juan , Hsia Chih-Hao , Zhuang Rui , Chen Jian-Jun , Wu Yu-Zhong , Zhu Hui , Li Bin , Hou Yong-Hui , Yao Meng-Yuan , Wu Hong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The spectral observations and analysis for the W80 region are presented by using the data of Medium-Resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Nebulae (MRS-N) with the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). A total of 2982 high-quality nebular spectra have been obtained in the 20 square degree field of view which covers the W80 complex, and the largest sample of spectral data has been established for the first time. The relative intensities, radial velocities (RVs), and full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) are measured with the high spectral resolution of LAMOST MRS-N, for Hα λ6563 Å, [N ii] λλ6548 Å, 6584 Å, and [S ii] λλ6716 Å, 6731 Å emission lines. In the field of view of the whole W80 region, the strongest line emissions are found to be consistent with the bright nebulae NGC 7000, IC 5070, and LBN 391, and weak line emissions also exist in the Middle Region, where no bright nebulae are detected by the wide-band optical observations. The large-scale spectral observations of the W80 region reveal the systematic spatial variations of RVs and FWHMs, and several unique structural features. A “curved feature” to the east of NGC 7000, and a “jet feature” to the west of LBN 391 are detected to be showing larger RVs. A “wider FWHM region” is identified in the eastern part of NGC 7000. The variations of [S ii]/Hα ratios display a gradient from southwest to northeast in the NGC 7000 region, and manifest a ring shape around the “W80 bubble” ionized by an O-type star in L935. Further spectral and multi-band observations are guaranteed to investigate in detail the structural features.
Effect of KOH concentration on the properties of ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Gyawali Saroj , Goni Lipiar Khan Mohammad Osman , Chowdhury M S , Laref A , Bajgai Saraswati , Chantrapromma Suchada , Techato Kuaanan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Of late, ZnO nanoparticles have been regarded as favourable material for designing highly sensitive and selective gas sensors owing to their striking and multifunctional features. A facile sol–gel process chemical technique was used in this study for the preparation of undoped ZnO nanoparticles. By deploying x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–visible near infrared and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), we examined the optical attributes and structural characterisation of the undoped ZnO nanoparticles through a change in the concentration of the KOH solution. The typical peaks inspected in the XRD spectrum corroborate the wurtzite hexagonal arrangement in the undoped ZnO nanoparticles. Moreover, ZnO nanoparticles possess a non-agglomerated crystalline with spherical morphology, as acquired by TEM. In addition, the vibrational modes in FTIR spectra vary with the change of concentration of KOH solution in ZnO NPs. The Raman spectroscopic techniques were used to characterise the ZnO nanoparticles, which revealed their nanocrystalline nature.
Fluorenone and triphenylamine based donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Pham Hong Duc , Banappanavar Gangadhar S , Somasundaram Sahadev , Deshmukh Kedar D , Lim Hyunsoo , Shukla Atul , Ahmad Viqar , McGregor Sarah K M , Manzhos Sergei , Lo Shih-Chun , Kabra Dinesh , Namdas Ebinazar B , Sonar Prashant 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, we describe the design and synthesis of a novel, organic emissive small donor–acceptor–donor molecule, 3,6-bis(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-one, and its incorporation into functional organic light-emitting diode (OLED) devices. The molecule was developed through a three-step procedure with high yields using low-cost and commercially available materials. Photophysical analysis shows emission from both locally excited (LE) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) fluorescent states, leading to broad emission spectra with a high solution photoluminescence quantum yield of 73%. Time resolved and temperature dependent photoluminescence measurements were utilized to obtain insights about emission mechanism from LE and ICT states. The presence of broad emission was further confirmed using density functional theory calculations. After optimal design and selection of the film thickness and host matrix, an OLED using a solution-processed host: dopant emissive layer with 10 wt% dopant exhibited a maximum current efficiency, power efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 2.6 cd A−1, 2.5 lm W−1 and 1.5%, respectively.
Routes towards manufacturing biodegradable electronics with polycaprolactone (PCL) via direct light writing and electroless plating
Authors: Abdulrhman Mansour , Zhakeyev Adilet , Fernández-Posada Carmen M , Melchels Ferry P W , Marques-Hueso Jose 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The electronic industry has room for improvement in adopting cleaner strategies, both in production processes (often energy-intensive and polluting) and in waste management. Many small components like security tags are routinely disposed of via general waste, which could be reduced adopting biodegradable polymers. In this work, a method for selective deposition of metallic micro-tracks on polycaprolactone (PCL) for circuitry integration is presented. The polymer is biodegradable, flexible, suitable for 3D printing, and can be obtained from sustainable sources. Photoreduction of Ag ions was used to generate seeds for subsequent selective electroless copper (Cu) plating in a process that avoids common but undesirable compounds such as cyanides and palladium. Two different photopatterning methods were successfully used to achieve selective Cu plating: flood exposure with a 460 nm light-emitting diode (LED) and direct laser writing (DLW) using a 405 nm laser, achieving 47 ± 11 μm wide tracks. The deposition of uniform Cu layers on PCL substrates is demonstrated, with thicknesses of up to 14 μm and electrical conductivities of up to 2.06 × 107 S m−1, which is near the conductivity of bulk Cu (5.89 × 107 S m−1). Cu-plated interconnects were demonstrated to be fully functional for powering a 5 SMD LEDs circuit. Furthermore, DLW enabled the interconnect manufacturing on an uneven substrate. This method is flexible, selective, low-cost, vacuum-free and of minimized environmental impact, and it provides a new route towards the manufacturing of biodegradable electronics.
Dynamical dephasing of bipartite and tripartite quantum coherence of spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg model in a renormalization group approach
Authors: Fouokeng G C , Nsangou I , Kuate Fodouop F , Tchoffo M , Fai L C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The dynamical dephasing of a bipartite and tripartite quantum coherence in spin-1/2 Heisenberg model, driven by an applied magnetic field, in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is investigated. The system is renormalized through the Kadanoof’s blocks approach. It is observed for both bipartite and tripartite schemes that by increasing the size of the system, the quantum coherence measure show an abrupt change at a quantum critical point (QCP). A further increase of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya coupling parameter affect the QCP, causing the dynamical dephasing which is the signature of second order quantum phase transition. The displacement of the QCP reduces the Quantum coherence of the system and can be controlled by the external magnetic field strength. Moreover, in a given range of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction strength and magnetic field, the monogamous and polygamous nature of quantum coherence is related to the size of the system.
Study of the intrinsic mechanisms of nickel additive for grain refinement and strength enhancement of laser aided additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V
Authors: Sui Shang , Chew Youxiang , Weng Fei , Tan Chaolin , Du Zhenglin , Bi Guijun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
It is well-known that grain refiners can tailor the microstructure and enhance the mechanical properties of titanium alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM). However, the intrinsic mechanisms of Ni addition on AM-built Ti–6Al–4V alloy is not well established. This limits its industrial applications. This work systematically investigated the influence of Ni additive on Ti–6Al–4V alloy fabricated by laser aided additive manufacturing (LAAM). The results showed that Ni addition yields three key effects on the microstructural evolution of LAAM-built Ti–6Al–4V alloy. (a) Ni additive remarkably refines the prior-β grains, which is due to the widened solidification range. As the Ni addition increased from 0 to 2.5 wt. %, the major-axis length and aspect ratio of the prior-β grains reduced from over 1500 μm and 7 to 97.7 μm and 1.46, respectively. (b) Ni additive can discernibly induce the formation of globular α phase, which is attributed to the enhanced concentration gradient between the β and α phases. This is the driving force of globularization according to the termination mass transfer theory. The aspect ratio of the α laths decreased from 4.14 to 2.79 as the Ni addition increased from 0 to 2.5 wt. %. (c) Ni as a well-known β-stabilizer and it can remarkably increase the volume fraction of β phase. Room-temperature tensile results demonstrated an increase in mechanical strength and an almost linearly decreasing elongation with increasing Ni addition. A modified mathematical model was used to quantitatively analyze the strengthening mechanism. It was evident from the results that the α lath phase and the solid solutes contribute the most to the overall yield strength of the LAAM-built Ti–6Al–4V–xNi alloys in this work. Furthermore, the decrease in elongation with increasing Ni addition is due to the deterioration in deformability of the β phase caused by a large amount of solid-solution Ni atoms. These findings can accelerate the development of additively manufactured titanium alloys.
Event driven bio-inspired attentive system for the iCub humanoid robot on SpiNNaker
Authors: D’Angelo Giulia , Perrett Adam , Iacono Massimiliano , Furber Steve , Bartolozzi Chiara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAttention leads the gaze of the observer towards interesting items, allowing a detailed analysis only for selected regions of a scene. A robot can take advantage of the perceptual organisation of the features in the scene to guide its attention to better understand its environment. Current bottom–up attention models work with standard RGB cameras requiring a significant amount of time to detect the most salient item in a frame-based fashion. Event-driven cameras are an innovative technology to asynchronously detect contrast changes in the scene with a high temporal resolution and low latency. We propose a new neuromorphic pipeline exploiting the asynchronous output of the event-driven cameras to generate saliency maps of the scene. In an attempt to further decrease the latency, the neuromorphic attention model is implemented in a spiking neural network on SpiNNaker, a dedicated neuromorphic platform. The proposed implementation has been compared with its bio-inspired GPU counterpart, and it has been benchmarked against ground truth fixational maps. The system successfully detects items in the scene, producing saliency maps comparable with the GPU implementation. The asynchronous pipeline achieves an average of 16 ms latency to produce a usable saliency map.
Smoking As an Outcome Moderator In the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: van Amsterdam Jan , van den Brink Wim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsTo clarify whether smoking interferes with successful treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD).MethodsThe current systematic review investigates the potential moderating effect of smoking on behavioural and pharmacological treatment of AUD. In addition, this review summarizes the results of randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of smoking cessation treatments in subjects with AUD on drinking outcomes.ResultsOverall, the results show that 16 out of the 31 pharmacological and psychotherapeutic alcohol treatment studies showed that being a non-smoker or decreased tobacco consumption during AUD treatment is associated with beneficial drinking outcomes, including reduced drinking, later relapse and prolonged alcohol abstinence. As such, smoking predicts poorer drinking outcomes in alcohol treatments. In the stop-smoking studies in patients with AUD, reduced smoking had virtually no effect on drinking behaviours. The inverse association between smoking and drinking outcome observed here indicates that non-smokers may be more successful to attain alcohol abstinence than smokers do. However, this association does not imply per se that smoking triggers alcohol consumption, since it can also mean that alcohol consumption promotes smoking.ConclusionsIt is concluded that (continued) tobacco smoking may have a negative moderating effect on the treatment outcome of AUD treatments. To optimize treatment outcome of AUD one may consider informing and counselling patients with AUD about the risks of smoking for treatment outcomes and offering support for smoking cessation.
Sexual size monomorphism may evolve in lizards with a body size maximizing reproductive performance for both sexes
Authors: Lu Hong-Liang , Gao Jian-Fang , Guo Kun , Ji Xiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We used Takydromus septentrionalis, a sexually size-monomorphic lacertid lizard, as a model system to test the hypothesis that sexual size monomorphism may evolve in lizards where reproductive performance is maximized at a similar body size for both sexes. We allowed lizards housed in laboratory enclosures to lay as many clutches (for females) as they could or to mate as many times (for males) as they could in a breeding season. Size-assortative mating was weak but evident in T. septentrionalis, as revealed by the fact that male and female snout–vent lengths (SVLs) in mating pairs were significantly and positively correlated. Mating frequency (indicative of male reproductive performance) varied from 1 to 8 per breeding season, generally increasing as SVL increased in adult males smaller than 67.4 mm SVL. Clutch frequency varied from 1 to 7 per breeding season, with female reproductive performance (determined by clutch frequency, annual fecundity, and annual reproductive output) maximized in females with a SVL of 68.0 mm. Accordingly to our hypothesis, the reproductive performance was maximized in the intermediate sized rather than the largest individuals in both sexes, and the body size maximizing reproductive performance was similar for both sexes. Future work could usefully investigate other lineages of lizards with sexually monomorphic species in a phylogenetic context to corroborate the hypothesis of this study.
Knowledge generation and diffusion in the German wind energy industry
Authors: Heidenreich Martin , Mattes Jannika 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper shows that collaborative innovation projects (CIPs) are an important arena for both knowledge generation and its incorporation into the industrial knowledge base (IKB). By differentiating between the cultural-cognitive, normative, and regulative dimensions of technology generation and diffusion, we describe interdependencies between CIPs and IKBs. On the basis of three vignettes from the German wind energy industry, six interrelations (translation, imitation, structuring devices, consolidation, strategic closure, and strategic inertia) are identified on how CIPs contribute to IKBs.
Compressive independent component analysis: theory and algorithms
Authors: Sheehan Michael P , Davies Mike E 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Compressive learning forms the exciting intersection between compressed sensing and statistical learning where one exploits sparsity of the learning model to reduce the memory and/or computational complexity of the algorithms used to solve the learning task. In this paper, we look at the independent component analysis (ICA) model through the compressive learning lens. In particular, we show that solutions to the cumulant-based ICA model have a particular structure that induces a low-dimensional model set that resides in the cumulant tensor space. By showing that a restricted isometry property holds for random cumulants e.g. Gaussian ensembles, we prove the existence of a compressive ICA scheme. Thereafter, we propose two algorithms of the form of an iterative projection gradient and an alternating steepest descent algorithm for compressive ICA, where the order of compression asserted from the restricted isometry property is realized through empirical results. We provide analysis of the CICA algorithms including the effects of finite samples. The effects of compression are characterized by a trade-off between the sketch size and the statistical efficiency of the ICA estimates. By considering synthetic and real datasets, we show the substantial memory gains achieved over well-known ICA algorithms by using one of the proposed CICA algorithms.
Logarithmic convexity and impulsive controllability for the one-dimensional heat equation with dynamic boundary conditions
Authors: Chorfi Salah-Eddine , El Guermai Ghita , Maniar Lahcen , Zouhair Walid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we prove a logarithmic convexity that reflects an observability estimate at a single point of time for the one-dimensional heat equation with dynamic boundary conditions. Consequently, we establish the impulse approximate controllability for the impulsive heat equation with dynamic boundary conditions. Moreover, we obtain an explicit upper bound of the cost of impulse control. At the end, we give a constructive algorithm for computing the impulsive control of minimal $L^2$-norm. We also present some numerical tests to validate the theoretical results and show the efficiency of the designed algorithm.
Designing a Seasonal Acclimation Study Presents Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Huey Raymond B , Buckley Lauren B 
Published: April 2022

Synopsis
Organisms living in seasonal environments often adjust physiological capacities and sensitivities in response to (or in anticipation of) environment shifts. Such physiological and morphological adjustments (“acclimation” and related terms) inspire opportunities to explore the mechanistic bases underlying these adjustments, to detect cues inducing adjustments, and to elucidate their ecological and evolutionary consequences. Seasonal adjustments (“seasonal acclimation”) can be detected either by measuring physiological capacities and sensitivities of organisms retrieved directly from nature (or outdoor enclosures) in different seasons or less directly by rearing and measuring organisms maintained in the laboratory under conditions that attempt to mimic or track natural ones. But mimicking natural conditions in the laboratory is challenging—doing so requires prior natural-history knowledge of ecologically relevant body temperature cycles, photoperiods, food rations, social environments, among other variables. We argue that traditional laboratory-based conditions usually fail to approximate natural seasonal conditions (temperature, photoperiod, food, “lockdown”). Consequently, whether the resulting acclimation shifts correctly approximate those in nature is uncertain, and sometimes is dubious. We argue that background natural history information provides opportunities to design acclimation protocols that are not only more ecologically relevant, but also serve as templates for testing the validity of traditional protocols. Finally, we suggest several best practices to help enhance ecological realism.