bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectrophoretic separation of blood cells
Authors: Emmerich Maria E. P. , Sinnigen Anne-Sophie , Neubauer Peter , Birkholz Mario 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrofluidic dielectrophoretic (DEP) devices enable the label-free separation and isolation of cells based on differences in their electrophysiological properties. The technique can serve as a tool in clinical diagnostics and medical research as it facilitates the analysis of patient-specific blood composition and the detection and isolation of pathogenic cells like circulating tumor cells or malaria-infected erythrocytes. This review compares different microfluidic DEP devices to separate platelets, erythrocytes and leukocytes including their cellular subclasses. An overview and experimental setups of different microfluidic DEP devices for the separation, trapping and isolation or purification of blood cells are detailed with respect to their technical design, electrode configuration, sample preparation, applied voltage and frequency and created DEP field based and related to the separation efficiency. The technique holds the promise that results can quickly be attained in clinical and ambulant settings. In particular, point-of-care-testing scenarios are favored by the extensive miniaturization, which would be enabled by microelectronical integration of DEP devices.
Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Shared or Unique Neurocognitive Profiles?
Authors: Schachar Russell J. , Dupuis Annie , Arnold Paul D. , Anagnostou Evdokia , Kelley Elizabeth , Georgiades Stelios , Nicolson Robert , Townes Parker , Burton Christie L. , Crosbie Jennifer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAttention-deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) and autism spectrum (ASD) disorders are commonly co-occurring conditions characterized by neurocognitive impairments. Few studies have directly compared neurocognitive profiles in ADHD and ASD and fewer still have controlled for comorbidity of ADHD and ASD. All direct comparisons have been in clinic samples, leaving the question of generalizability of results unaddressed. We compared neurocognitive performance in clinically ascertained ASD (n = 261) and ADHD (n = 423) cases and controls (n = 162), 6.0–17.9 years of age. We also compared ASD (n = 190) and ADHD (n = 926) cases ascertained in the community with controls (n = 14,842) of similar age. Using the stop-signal task (SST), we measured response inhibition (stop-signal reaction time–SSRT), sustained attention (defined as reaction time variability–RTV), and reaction time (RT). We controlled for comorbidity using ADHD and ASD trait scores and categorically-defined ADHD. Compared with controls, both clinic ADHD and ASD had significantly longer SSRT and RTV than controls and did not differ from each other. ADHD traits accounted for neurocognitive impairment in ASD, but not vice versa. There were no group differences for RT. Similar patterns of neurocognitive impairment were observed in the community sample. In the largest direct comparison of ADHD and ASD to date, we found impaired response inhibition and sustained attention in both disorders. However, neurocognitive impairment in ASD was almost completely accounted for by comorbid ADHD. Results generalized in the community sample indicating that referral bias alone did not drive results. Response inhibition and sustained attention likely play a role in ADHD and ASD.
ML-Based Handover Prediction and AP Selection in Cognitive Wi-Fi Networks
Authors: Khan Muhammad Asif , Hamila Ridha , Gastli Adel , Kiranyaz Serkan , Al-Emadi Nasser Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDevice mobility in dense Wi-Fi networks offers several challenges. Two well-known problems related to device mobility are handover prediction and access point selection. Due to the complex nature of the radio environment, analytical models may not characterize the wireless channel, which makes the solution of these problems very difficult. Recently, cognitive network architectures using sophisticated learning techniques are increasingly being applied to such problems. In this paper, we propose data-driven machine learning (ML) schemes to efficiently solve these problems in wireless LAN (WLAN) networks. The proposed schemes are evaluated and results are compared with traditional approaches to the aforementioned problems. The results report significant improvement in network performance by applying the proposed schemes. The proposed scheme for handover prediction outperforms traditional methods i.e. received signal strength method and traveling distance method by reducing the number of unnecessary handovers by 60% and 50% respectively. Similarly, in AP selection, the proposed scheme outperforms the strongest signal first and least loaded first algorithms by achieving higher throughput gains up to 9.2% and 8% respectively.
Learning with risks based on M-location
Authors: Holland Matthew J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study a new class of risks defined in terms of the location and deviation of the loss distribution, generalizing far beyond classical mean-variance risk functions. The class is easily implemented as a wrapper around any smooth loss, it admits finite-sample stationarity guarantees for stochastic gradient methods, it is straightforward to interpret and adjust, with close links to M-estimators of the loss location, and has a salient effect on the test loss distribution, giving us control over symmetry and deviations that are not possible under naive ERM.
Strong historical earthquakes and their relationships with the Tan-Lu fault system and modern seismicity in eastern China
Authors: Wang Jian , Main Ian G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe largest earthquake (Ms 8½) in eastern China occurred near Tancheng in 1668. Six M ≥ 6 earthquakes occurred in this region in historical time. We re-examine the primary historical archives from this region, adding independent constraints such as maps of active faults, local topography, intensity attenuation laws for China, and relevant administrative practices in archiving data, to reassess source parameters (epicenter, magnitude, or maximum intensity). We use the seismic density index—a measure of the clustering of seismicity weighted by source magnitude—to identify candidate zones of present-day clustering of seismicity than may represent a long-term memory of past historical events in an intraplate setting. We update at least one of the source parameters for four of the seven events. The main shock and two aftershocks of the 1668–1672 Ms 8½ Tancheng earthquake sequence locate along the strike of the Tan-Lu fault zone, each associated with significant and contiguous seismic density anomalies whose elliptical contours are elongated along its strike. A third major aftershock (Ms ≈ 6) in this sequence locates some 200 km away from the fault zone. Six of the seven historical events have seismic density anomalies that cannot be explained by aftershocks of modern seismicity (ML  ≤  5.3), and hence are candidate zones for long-lived aftershock sequences. In contrast, there are no significant seismic density anomalies along the section of Tan-Lu fault south of Suqian, despite palaeo-seismic evidence for a Ms 8½ earthquake around 6280 B.C., providing an upper bound to long-term memory of great earthquakes in this region.
Impact of Sinorhizobium meliloti strains and plant population on regrowth and nodule regeneration of alfalfa after a freezing event
Authors: D’Amours Emmanuelle , Bertrand Annick , Cloutier Jean , Claessens Annie , Rocher Solen , Seguin Philippe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The increase in frequency of freeze–thaw episodes with the diminution of snow cover protection due to climate change compromises the winter survival of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Symbiosis with cold-tolerant rhizobial strains can improve the ability of alfalfa to survive and grow under stressful conditions.

Methods
Six strains of Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti were tested in combination with two alfalfa populations bred to differ in their levels of freezing tolerance. Plants of each different combination were grown for eight weeks in a growth chamber before being exposed to temperatures promoting their acclimation to cold. Plants were then exposed to a freezing stress (-11ºC) and regrown for three weeks. Shoot, root and nodule biomass were measured before cold acclimation and three weeks after the freezing stress.

Results
After freezing stress, the alfalfa population A-TF7 had shoot and root biomasses that were respectively 19% and 15% larger than cultivar A-TF0. Alfalfa plants inoculated with strain NRG34 showed both a larger shoot biomass and a higher nodule dry weight than plants inoculated with any other strains. Assessment of freezing damages on nodules showed that plants inoculated with NRG34 had the largest proportion of undamaged nodules or of nodules with a regeneration zone.

Conclusion
This study shows for the first time a relationship between nodule and shoot regrowth after a freezing stress, the latter being linked with the proportion of nodules showing less freezing damage. Our results demonstrated that both the choice of alfalfa populations and S. meliloti strains adapted to stress are complementary to increasing alfalfa persistence.
A Systematic Review of Research on Family Resemblance Approach to Nature of Science in Science Education
Authors: Cheung Kason Ka Ching , Erduran Sibel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe paper reports about the outcome of a systematic review of research on family resemblance approach (FRA) to nature of science in (NOS) science education. FRA is a relatively recent perspective on NOS being a system of cognitive-epistemic and social-institutional aspects of science. FRA thus consists of a set of categories such as aims and values, practices, knowledge and social organizations in relation to NOS. Since the introduction of the FRA, there has been increasing interest in investigations about how FRA can be of use in science education both empirically and practically. A journal content analysis was conducted in order to investigate which FRA categories are covered in journal articles and to identify the characteristics of the studies that have used FRA. These characteristics included the target level of education and focus on pre- or in-service teachers. Furthermore, epistemic network analysis of theoretical and empirical papers was conducted to determine the extent to which the studies incorporated various key themes about FRA, such as its transferability to other domains and differentiation of the social-institutional system categories. The findings illustrate an increasing number of empirical studies using FRA in recent years and broad coverage in science education. Although the social-institutional system categories included intraconnections, these were not as strong as those intraconnections among categories within the cognitive-epistemic system. Future research directions for the use of FRA in K-12 science education are discussed.
Macroalga-associated bacterial endophyte bioactive secondary metabolites twinning: Cystoseira myrica and its associated Catenococcus thiocycli QCm as a model
Authors: Hagaggi Noura Sh. A. , Abdul-Raouf Usama M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMarine ecosystems represent the largest biome on the earth. Until now, the relationships between the marine microbial inhabitants and the macroalgal species unclear, and the previous studies are insufficient. So, more research is required to advance our understanding of macroalgal- microbial interactions. In this study, we tried to investigate the relationship between the brown marine macroalga, Cystoseira myrica and its associated bacterial endophyte, Catenococcus thiocycli, as the first study concerning the production of bioactive secondary metabolites from a macroalgal species comparing with its associated endophytic bacteria. Secondary metabolites were extracted from alga and its bacterial endophyte with ethyl acetate and methanol. All extracts contained significant quantities of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Strikingly, extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities which were significantly correlated to phenolic and flavonoid contents.
Lenvatinib for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma—a real-world multicenter Australian cohort study
Authors: Patwala Kurvi , Prince David Stephen , Celermajer Yael , Alam Waafiqa , Paul Eldho , Strasser Simone Irene , McCaughan Geoffrey William , Gow Paul , Sood Siddharth , Murphy Elise , Roberts Stuart , Freeman Elliot , Stratton Elizabeth , Davison Scott Anthony , Levy Miriam Tania , Clark-Dickson McCawley , Nguyen Vi , Bell Sally , Nicoll Amanda , Bloom Ashley , Lee Alice Unah , Ryan Marno , Howell Jessica , Valaydon Zina , Mack Alexandra , Liu Ken , Dev Anouk 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious complication of chronic liver disease. Lenvatinib is an oral multikinase inhibitor registered to treat advanced HCC. This study evaluates the real-world experience with lenvatinib in Australia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients treated with lenvatinib for advanced HCC between July 2018 and November 2020 at 11 Australian tertiary care hospitals. Baseline demographic data, tumor characteristics, lenvatinib dosing, adverse events (AEs) and clinical outcomes were collected. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome. Progression free survival (PFS) and AEs were secondary outcomes.

Results
A total of 155 patients were included and were predominantly male (90.7%) with a median age of 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 59–75). The main causes of chronic liver disease were hepatitis C infection (40.0%) and alcohol-related liver disease (34.2). Median OS and PFS were 7.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.8–14.0) and 5.3 months (95% CI: 2.8–9.2) respectively. Multivariate predictors of mortality were the need for dose reduction due to AEs (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.41, p < 0.01), new or worsening hypertension (HR 0.42, p < 0.01), diarrhoea (HR 0.47, p = 0.04) and more advanced BCLC stage (HR 2.50, p = 0.04). Multivariable predictors of disease progression were higher Child–Pugh score (HR 1.25, p = 0.04), the need for a dose reduction (HR 0.45, p < 0.01) and age (HR 0.96, p < 0.001). AEs occurred in 83.9% of patients with most being mild (71.6%).

Conclusions
Lenvatinib remains safe and effective in real-world use. Treatment emergent diarrhoea and hypertension, and the need for dose reduction appear to predict better OS.
Expert consensus of the Spanish Society of Pathology and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology on the determination of biomarkers in pancreatic and biliary tract cancer
Authors: Vera Ruth , Ibarrola-de-Andrés Carolina , Adeva Jorge , Pérez-Rojas Judith , García-Alfonso Pilar , Rodríguez-Gil Yolanda , Macarulla Teresa , Serrano-Piñol Teresa , Mondéjar Rebeca , Madrigal-Rubiales Beatriz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPancreatic cancer and biliary tract cancer have a poor prognosis. In recent years, the development of new diagnostic techniques has enabled the identification of the main genetic alterations involved in the development of these tumours. Multiple studies have assessed the ability of certain biomarkers, such as BRCA in pancreatic cancer, IDH1 or FGFR2 in biliary tract cancer and microsatellite instability or NTRK fusions in an agnostic tumour fashion, to predict response to treatment.In this consensus, a group of experts selected by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and the Spanish Society of Pathology (SEAP) reviewed the role played by these mutations in the process of carcinogenesis and their clinical implications. As a result, this article proposes a series of recommendations to optimize the determination of these biomarkers to help standardize the diagnosis and treatment of these tumours.
Reduzieren Zustimmungsquoren die Beteiligung an direktdemokratischen Abstimmungen?
Authors: Marx Thomas , Leininger Arndt 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Frage nach der Auswirkung von Zustimmungsquoren auf die politische Partizipation gewinnt mit jedem Volksentscheid an Bedeutung, ist gleichzeitig aber noch weitgehend unerforscht. Obwohl das Zustimmungsquorum Volksentscheide in den Ländern der Bundesrepublik Deutschland beschränkt und auch in anderen Ländern weit verbreitet ist, konzentrierte sich die Forschung bislang auf die Analyse des Beteiligungsquorums. Wir argumentieren, dass auch ein Zustimmungsquorum Anreize für Bürgerinnen und Bürger sowie kollektive Akteure setzt, die Abstimmung zu boykottieren. Dieser Aufsatz versucht daher, den Einfluss von Zustimmungsquoren auf die Abstimmungsbeteiligung und Mehrheitsbilder in allen auf Basis eines Volksbegehrens initiierten Volksentscheide auf Ebene der deutschen Bundesländer zu erfassen. Neben einer Gegenüberstellung von Entscheiden mit und ohne Zustimmungsquorum wird mittels Regressionsanalysen die Korrelation zwischen der Quorenhöhe, der Salienz der Abstimmungsfrage und der Abstimmungsbeteiligung berechnet. Übereinstimmend mit unseren theoretischen Erwartungen zeigen unsere Ergebnisse einen robusten, jedoch nur selten signifikanten, negativen Zusammenhang zwischen der Höhe von Zustimmungsquoren und der Abstimmungsbeteiligung, welcher sich insbesondere bei Entscheiden von geringer gesellschaftlicher Salienz zeigt.
Combination of close-range and aerial photogrammetry with terrestrial laser scanning to answer microbiological and climatological questions in connection with lava caves
Authors: Kögel Michael , Pflitsch Andreas , Northup Diana E. , Carstensen Dirk , Medley Joseph J. , Mansheim Teresa , Killing Thomas , Buschbacher Michael , Angerer Helena , Falkner Julian , Kynatidis Achilleas , Ott Valentin , Regler Simon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Combining photogrammetric reconstruction (close-range photogrammetry, CRP) and airborne photogrammetry through the structure from motion method (SFM) with terrestrial three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning (TLS), Maelstrom Cave on Big Island, Hawaii (USA), was mapped in three dimensions. The complementary properties of the two methods generated an overall model that depicted significant features of the cave both spatially and visually. Through various processes, the complex geometric quantities were derived from the model that can be used to answer microbiological and climatological questions. In this report, the procedure for the three-dimensional acquisition of the terrain surface above Maelstrom Cave as well as the interior of the cave with TLS and SFM is described. It is shown how the different data sets were combined and contrasted, including a comparison of geometries from the different survey operations. Finally, the editing processes used to quantify and simplify the cave geometry are presented, as well as the analysis of the ellipses generated accordingly to determine the geometric quantities. Through the analysis of the cave geometry, important geometric properties of the Maelstrom Cave could be quantified and categorized. In this way, an effective tool was developed to directly correlate the structure of the cave system with climatological and microbiological parameters in order to answer the corresponding questions.
Anisotropic interpolation error estimates using a new geometric parameter
Authors: Ishizaka Hiroki , Kobayashi Kenta , Tsuchiya Takuya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present precise anisotropic interpolation error estimates for smooth functions using a new geometric parameter and derive inverse inequalities on anisotropic meshes. In our theory, the interpolation error is bounded in terms of the diameter of a simplex and the geometric parameter. Imposing additional assumptions makes it possible to obtain anisotropic error estimates. This paper also includes corrections to an error in Theorem 2 of our previous paper, “General theory of interpolation error estimates on anisotropic meshes” (Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 38 (2021) 163–191).
Hybrid deposition additive manufacturing: novel volume distribution, thermo-mechanical characterization, and image analysis
Authors: Harris Muhammad , Mohsin Hammad , Potgieter Johan , Arif Khalid Mahmood , Anwar Saqib , AlFaify Abdullah , Farooq Muhammad Umar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe structural integrity of additive manufacturing structures is a pronounced challenge considering the voids and weak layer-to-layer adhesion. One of the potential ways is hybrid deposition manufacturing (HDM) that includes fused filament fabrication (FFF) with the conventional filling process, also known as “HDM composites". HDM is a potential technique for improving structural stability by replacing the thermoplastic void structure with a voidless epoxy. However, the literature lacks investigation of FFF/epoxy HDM-based composites regarding optimal volume distribution, effects of brittle and ductile FFF materials, and fractographic analysis. This research presents the effects of range of volume distributions (10–90%) between FFF and epoxy system for tensile, flexure, and compressive characterization. Volume distribution in tensile and flexure samples is achieved using printable wall thickness, slot width, and maximum width. For compression, the printable wall thickness, slot diameter, and external diameter are considered. Polylactic acid and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene are used to analyze the brittle and ductile FFF structures. The research reports novel application of image analysis during mechanical characterization using high-quality camera and fractographic analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results present surprising high tensile strain (0.038 mm/mm) and compressive strength (64.5 MPa) for lower FDM-percentages (10%, 20%) that are explained using in situ image analysis, SEM, stress–strain simulations, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). In this regard, the proposed work holds novelty to apply DMA for HDM. The optimal volume distributions of 70% and 80% alongside fractographic mechanisms for lower percentages (10%, 20%) can potentially contribute to structural applications and future material-based innovations for HDM.
A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: Parker Kathrine , Hartemink John , Saha Ananya , Mitra Roshni , Lewis Penny , Power Albert , Choudhuri Satarupa , Mitra Sandip , Thachil Jecko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Anticoagulants have not been studied in randomised controlled trials with CrCl < 30 ml/min. The objective of this review was to identify the impact of different anticoagulant strategies in patients with advanced CKD including dialysis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies, searching electronic databases from 1946 to 2022. Studies that evaluated both thrombotic and bleeding outcomes with anticoagulant use in CrCl < 50 ml/min were included.ResultsOur initial search yielded 14,503 papers with 53 suitable for inclusion. RCTs comparing direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus warfarin for patients with VTE and CrCl 30-50 ml/min found no difference in recurrent VTE events (RR 0.68(95% CI 0.42–1.11)) with reduced bleeding (RR 0.65 (95% CI 0.45–0.94)). Observational data in haemodialysis suggest lower risk of recurrent VTE and major bleeding with apixaban versus warfarin. Very few studies examining outcomes were available for therapeutic and prophylactic dose low molecular weight heparin for CrCl < 30 ml/min. Findings for patients with AF on dialysis were that warfarin or DOACs had a similar or higher risk of stroke compared to no anticoagulation. For patients with AF and CrCl < 30 ml/min not on dialysis, anticoagulation should be considered on an individual basis, with limited studies suggesting DOACs may have a preferable safety profile.ConclusionFurther studies are still required, some ongoing, in patients with advanced CKD (CrCl < 30 ml/min) to identify the safest and most effective treatment options for VTE and AF.