bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderate reductions in animal protein intake could substantially decrease pressure on environment when food system change is optimised
Authors: Jalava Mika , Guillaume Joseph , Kummu Matti , Heck Vera , Varis Olli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diet change towards less animal protein is often proposed as one of the key opportunities to produce more food with less natural resources. However, depending on how feed is provided, part of the livestock production could be sustainable – but how large a part remains to be answered. The key challenge has been that the existing methods assessing the impacts of altering the level of animal protein in diets rely on static use of resources, and do not take into account the changes needed in entire food system; including the use of by-products for feed, how efficiently the replacing plant-based protein could be produced with land freed from feed production or pasture, etc. We developed an integrated global food system model “Aalto OptoFood” that allows us to assess dynamically the response of these scenarios on different parts of the food system, and thus optimise the diet transition from the point of view of resource use. We show that even moderate decrease in animal protein consumption can yield a substantial reduction in, here, water consumption. Reductions of one-fifth in livestock protein would decrease water consumption by 24-26%; 60-79% of total reduction potential and 3-5 times more than an estimate using the existing static methods. Water consumption levels off after 40-50% cut in animal protein intake, indicating that part of the meat consumption may be sustainable from a water perspective. These results are driven by dynamics between food production sectors and show the importance of non-food animal feeds, highlighting the need to use an integrated systemic approach in food system studies.
Synthesis and Evaluation of New Sartan Derivatives
Authors: Dalaijargal Bertsetseg , Mi Le , Wu Zhuo , Yin Yao , Liang Hongyu , Qiu Yan , Yan Yi-Jia , Jin Hui , Chen Zhi-Long 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As prodrugs series of new sartan-derived molecules were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Most of the synthesized compounds could decrease blood pressure efficiently in spontaneously hypertensive rats. It could be ratiocinated that the original drugs could be released from the prodrugs exactly at the connecting position catalyzed by the hydrolyzation enzymes. The maximal response of mean blood pressure (MBP) lowered 70.2 ± 5.0 mmHg (compound 1) and 61.2 ± 1.0 mmHg (compound 4) at 10 mg/kg after oral administration, and the antihypertensive effect lasted beyond 24 h, which performed better than Losartan and were similar with Telmisartan. Pharmacokinetics test results of 1 were consistent with its anti-hypertension effects in vivo. The safety of new compounds was confirmed by the influence on the rats’ heart rates and other symptoms which couldn’t been observed during whole process. Thence, compounds 1 and 4 may be considered as potential antihypertension drug candidates.
Genome Sequence and Experimental Infection of Calves with Bovine Gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4)
Authors: Bauermann Fernando , Falkenberg Shollie , Martins Mathias , Dassanayake Rohana , Neill John , Ridpath Julia , Silveira Simone , Palmer Mitchell , Buysse Alaine , Mohr Anna , Flores Eduardo , Diel Diego G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is ubiquitous in cattle worldwide and it has been detected in animals exhibiting broad clinical presentations. The virus has been detected in the United States since the 70’s, however, its clinical relevance remains unknown. Here we determined the complete genome sequence of two contemporary BoHV-4 isolates and assessed clinical, virological and pathological outcomes upon intranasal (IN) inoculation in calves. A slight and transient increase in body temperature was observed in BoHV-4-inoculated calves. Additionally, transient viremia and virus shedding in nasal secretions were observed in all inoculated calves. BoHV-4 DNA was detected by nested-PCR in the tonsil and regional lymph nodes (LNs) of calves euthanized on day 5 post-inoculation (pi) and in the lungs of calves euthanized on day 10 pi. Calves euthanized on day 35 pi harbored BoHV-4 DNA in the respiratory tract (turbinates, trachea, lungs), regional lymphoid tissues and trigeminal ganglia. Interestingly, in situ hybridization (ISH) revealed the presence of BoHV-4 DNA in nerve bundles surrounding the trigeminal ganglia and retropharyngeal lymph nodes (day 35 pi). No histological changes were observed in the respiratory tract (turbinate, trachea and lung), lymphoid tissues (tonsil, LNs, thymus and spleen), or central nervous tissues (olfactory bulb and trigeminal ganglia) sampled throughout the animal studies (days 5, 10 and 35 pi). This study contributes to the understanding of the infection dynamics and tissue distribution of BoHV-4 following IN infection in calves. These results suggest that the two contemporary isolates used in our study present low virulence and pathogenicity to calves upon intranasal inoculation.
Superconducting Quantum Circuit of NOR in Quantum Annealing
Authors: Saida Daisuke , Hidaka Mutsuo , Miyake Kouhei , Imafuku Kentaro , Yamanashi Yuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
One possible way to improve the applicability of quantum annealing to various problems is to express the Hamiltonian using a circuit satisfiability problem. The NOR logic function serves as a basic unit for implementing the Hamiltonian for the superconducting quantum circuit. Here we demonstrate quantum annealing with “native” implementation of a Boolean logic Hamiltonian for a quantum circuit composed of superconducting flux qubits. This circuit is robust and can be easily expanded to scale up the analysis. We present an experiment with complete logic operation of NOR, where the circuit produces results with a high probability of success for arbitrary combinations of inputs. Features of the quantum circuit agree qualitatively with theory, especially the mechanism for an operation under external flux modulation. With calibration of bias conditions to compensate for the offset flux from the surrounding circuit, the quantum circuit also agrees quantitatively with theory.
Outcomes of first-line osimertinib treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer in clinical practice settings
Authors: Shiozawa Toshihiro , Numata Takeshi , Tamura Tomohiro , Endo Takeo , Kaburagi Takayuki , Yamamoto Yusuke , Yamada Hideyasu , Kikuchi Norihiro , Saito Kazuhito , Inagaki Masaharu , Kurishima Koichi , Funayama Yasunori , Miyazaki Kunihiko , Koyama Nobuyuki , Furukawa Kinya , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Kikuchi Shinji , Ichimura Hideo , Sato Yukio , Sekine Ikuo , Satoh Hiroaki , Hizawa Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Real-world data on the clinical outcomes of first-line osimertinib treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes and the prognostic factors of osimertinib as first-line therapy in clinical practice settings.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes of patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated with osimertinib as first-line therapy across 12 institutions in Japan between August 2018 and March 2020.Results: Among 158 enrolled patients, the objective response rate (ORR) was 68% and the estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.5-19.7). Subgroup analysis showed that PFS in the group with high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was significantly shorter than that in groups with low or no PD-L1 expression (10.1 vs. 16.1 vs. 19.0 months; p = 0.03). Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that high PD-L1 expression was the only independent adverse prognostic factor of osimertinib outcome for PFS (hazard ratio, 2.71; 95% CI: 1.26-5.84; p = 0.01). In terms of the ORR, there was no statistically significant difference regardless of PD-L1 expression (67% vs. 76% vs. 65%; p = 0.51).Conclusion: Osimertinib showed favorable treatment outcomes in clinical practice. Although the ORR was similar regardless of PD-L1 expression, high PD-L1 expression could be an independent adverse prognostic factor related to PFS in osimertinib treatment.
High-resolution solar image reconstruction based on non-rigid alignment
Authors: Hui Liu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Suppressing the interference of atmospheric turbulence and obtaining observational data with high spatial resolution is an important problem to be solved in ground observation. One way to solve this problem is to perform statistical reconstruction of short-exposure speckle images. Combining the advantages of the classic Shift-Add and speckle masking algorithms, this paper proposes a novel reconstruction algorithm-NASIR (Non-rigid Alignment based Solar Image Reconstruction). NASIR performs pixel-by-pixel non-rigid distortion correction on speckle images by establishing a computational model between geometric distortion and intensity distribution, thereby reconstructing the phase of the object image at each frequency. We compared the reconstruction performance of speckle masking and NASIR in terms of correlation coefficient, power spectrum and intensity profile variation coefficient through reconstruction experiments of NVST (1m New Vacuum Solar Telescope) observational data. The results show that when seeing is good (R0>10cm), both speckle masking and NASIR can achieve better reconstruction results. When seeing decreases (R0<5cm), thenoise will exacerbate the phase recursion error of speckle masking, resulting in the generation of spurious structures, while NASIR recovers the phase by spatial alignment, which can avoid error accumulation. Moreover, NASIR performs speckle interferometry on the aligned speckle images, which further improves the reconstruction quality of the modulus, so its reconstruction results have a higher cuto frequency and more significant structural contrast. In addition, NASIR reconstruct the entire eld of view in parallel at one time, without phase recursion and block-by-block reconstruction, so its computation time is only about 50% of that of speckle masking. Therefore, we consider NASIR to be a more robust and efficient method that combines the respective advantages of spatial domain reconstruction and frequency domain reconstruction. It is believed that the application and further research of NASIR will promote the development of ground-based observation data processing technology.
Novel universal SARS-CoV DNA vaccine inducing neutralizing antibodies to huCoV-19/WH01, Beta, Delta and Omicron variants and T cells to Bat-CoV
Authors: Appelberg K. Sofia , Ahlen Gustaf , Nikoyan Negin , Yan Jingy , Weber Sofie , Larsson Olivia , Höglund Urban , Aleman Soo , Weber Friedemann , Perlhamre Emma , Apro Johanna , Gidlund Eva-Karin , Tuvesson Ola , Cadossi Matteo , Salati SImona , Tegel Hanna , Hober Sophia , Frelin Lars , mirazimi ali , Sallberg Matti 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is constantly changing with new variants appearing that are more contagious (Alpha and Delta), evade the neutralising antibody (NAb) response (Beta), or both (Omicron). This is a challenge for vaccine development. We generated a novel universal SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine containing the receptor binding domain (RBD) loops from the original huCoV-19/WH01, the Alpha, and the Beta variants, combined with the membrane and nucleoproteins from the huCoV-19/WH01 strain. This vaccine induced high levels of spike antibodies that crossreacted between the huCoV-19/WH01, Beta, and Delta spike proteins, and neutralized the huCoV-19/WH01, Beta, Delta and Omicron virus in vitro. The vaccine induced T cells to all vaccine proteins in mice and rabbits that recognized Bat-CoV N sequences. Finally, the vaccine protected K18 mice against lethal SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant infection, whereas only priming N-specific T cells was 60% protective. This universal SARS-CoV vaccine candidate induces a uniquely broad functional immunity.
Incomplete recovery to enhance economic growth losses from US hurricanes under global warming
Authors: Otto Christian , Kuhla Kilian , Geiger Tobias , Schewe Jacob , Frieler Katja 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ongoing global warming is likely to increase the return frequency of very intense hurricanes in the North Atlantic. Here, we analyse how this frequency increase may impact on economic growth. To this end, we introduce an event-based macroeconomic growth model that temporally resolves how growth depends on the heterogeneity in timing and intensity of hurricane impacts. We calibrate the model to the United States and find that economic growth losses scale super-linearly with their heterogeneity. We explain this by a disproportional increase of indirect losses with event severity which can lead to an incomplete recovery of the economy between consecutive intense landfall events. Based on two different methods to estimate the future frequency increase of intense hurricanes compared to the period 1980-2014, we estimate annual growth losses to increase between 10% and 146% in a Paris-compatible 2°C world and even up to 522% in a 2.7°C world in compliance with the median end-of-century warming under currently implemented or enacted policies. We finally study the efficacy of disaster insurance as an adaptation strategy and find that higher insurance coverage may higher insurance coverage may be a viable means to mitigate these climate change-induced increases in growth losses.
Anti-Naegleria fowleri and Anti-Balamuthia mandrillaris Activities of
Propolis
Authors: Mungroo Mohammad Ridwane , Anwar Ayaz , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Norouzi Roghayeh , Tong Tommy , Khan Naveed Ahmed , Siddiqui Ruqaiyyah 
Published: January 2022

Aim:
Herein, we determined the anti-amoebic properties of propolis collected from different
regions in Iran against Naegleria fowleri and Balamuthia mandrillaris.

Background:
Natural products remain a valuable source of compounds that are biologically active.
Approximately one-third of well-known therapeutic drugs worldwide are derived from natural products.

Objectives:
Considering the use of propolis in folk medicine, here, for the first time, we evaluated
anti-amoebic properties of propolis against free-living pathogenic amoebae, B. mandrillaris and N.
fowleri.

Methods:
Propolis was collected from different regions of Iran and ethanolic extracts were prepared.
Amoebicidal and cysticidal assays were accomplished to determine the effects of propolis
against N. fowleri and B. mandrillaris. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were carried out to establish
propolis effects on host cell damage. Finally, propolis metabolites were determined using spectrometric
methods.

Results:
It was observed that propolis exhibited potent antiamoebic effects against trophozoites
and cysts of both N. fowleri and B. mandrillaris at μg concentrations. When tested against cysts of
both amoebae, only selected propolis exhibited cysticidal properties. The best activity was observed
by propolis from the Kermanshah region, which depicted more than 95% amoebicidal activity
and more than 60% cysticidal activity against both amoebae, respectively. Liquid chromatography-
tandem mass spectrometry revealed that each extract is comprised of various components.

Conclusion:
For the first time, we showed that propolis has amoebicidal activity against both amoebae
tested. Investigation into the individual activity of the components of propolis extracts and
their mechanism of action against the aforementioned parasites might lead to the discovery of novel
anti-amoebic compounds.
PERANCANGAN GAME ACTION “ROBOT DIMENSION BATTLE” DENGAN FITUR AUGMENTED REALITY DAN GPS
Authors: Justin Justing , Pragantha Jeanny , Kristyadi Rendi 
Published: January 2022

Game "Robot Dimension Battle" adalah game dengan genre Action yang menggunakan fitur Augmented Reality dan GPS. Game ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Game Engine Unity3D dan ekstensi Vuforia SDK dan Google Maps for Unity untuk fitur Augmented Reality dan GPS-nya. Pemain dapat mencari dan mengalahkan robot yang berada di dimensi lain dengan cara berkeliling area kampus Untar 1. Pemain dapat mengalahkan musuh dengan melakukan tap untuk memukul musuh dan juga dapat melakukan tap pada tombol skill untuk menggunakan skill untuk memberikan damage pada musuh sampai HP (Hit Points) musuh menjadi 0, saat HP musuh menjadi 0 maka pemain memenangkan pertarungan. Pemain dapat melakukan battle melawan musuh dengan menggunakan fitur Augmented Reality maupun tidak dengan melakukan pilihan sebelum melawan musuh. Pengujian game ini dilakukan dengan metode blackbox, alpha testing.
Effect of Pre-Surgical Education on Patient Satisfaction and Surgical Experience: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Abercrombie McKenna , Healey Brayden , Barone Hope , McNeil Morgan , Zheng Zijian , Sigal Peter , LaFond Ann 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Surgical procedures for malignant and benign cutaneous diseases are commonly performed in the outpatient dermatology clinic. For patients, these procedures can be accompanied by significant uncertainty, angst, and feelings of unpreparedness. In some instances, this uncertainty may contribute to adverse events such as the development of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary emboli due to unnecessarily held anticoagulants.

Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study evaluating the impact of pre-surgical informative phone calls on patient satisfaction with their surgical experience. Surgical patients scheduled at our academic dermatology clinic for excision or Mohs surgery were randomly assigned to a “call”/intervention group or “non-call”/control group. Patients in the intervention group were called by their resident surgeon one evening prior to their procedure. The resident discussed a pre-written script of expectations and preparations for the surgical day and post-operative period, and allotted time for patients to ask questions. Patients from both groups were given identical five-point Likert scale surveys to complete on the day of their suture removal, which varied from 7-14 days after the procedure. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Means and one-tail t-test for each question were calculated to compare the call group to the non-call group.

Results: Patients in the call group reported higher rates of overall satisfaction, satisfaction with answers to questions, overall preparation, and overall rating of surgical experience while also reporting lower levels of fear and anxiety. Of these findings, differences in level of preparedness were statistically significant.

Conclusions: The results suggest that presurgical phone calls to patients may improve patient education, help address their concerns and questions, improve their satisfaction with care, and can potentially limit adverse events.
Kajian Pengenalan Kawasan Pulau Mendol Sebagai Wilayah Binaan Universitas Islam Riau
Authors: Ahmad Mukhtar , Ediwarman Ediwarman , Darus Darus 
Published: January 2022

Peninjauan keadaan umum pembangunan dan pembinaan perdesaan, khususnya perikanan di Kuala Kampar dalam rangka menjadikannya sebagai wilayah binaan Pusat Kajian Pembangunan Berkelanjutan UIR telah dilakukan Agustus 2015 lalu.Pengamatan singkat ke Pulau Mendolmengenai proses sosialisasi keberadaan, visi dan misi program Bupati khususnya serta sosialisasi kebijakan dan perkembangan kawasan khususnya yang telah dilakukan selama dua hari bersama Bupati mengadakan perjalanan dari Pangkalan Kerinci sampai ke Teluk Dalam di Kecamatan Kuala Kampar dengan menggunakan kapal cepat. UIR, yang diharapkan menyusun program kegiatan desa binaan yang akan dilakukan juga menumbuhkan pendapatan dan memajukan mutu kehidupan masyarakat desa. Kebanyakan perempuan secara aktif terkait dengan ekonomi rumah tangga mereka, dengan mengerjakan pengolahan ikan yang ditangkap para suami, yang secara teknologis dan higienis dapat dimaju-baikkan nanti. Sementara itu sumber daya perairan sungai danau cenderung menurun sehingga pemulihan sumber di antaranya dengan pencagaran hutan lahan basah maupun ‘restocking’ penting diutamakan terpadu bersamaan pembangunan pedesaan yang lainnya. Didasarkan kepada kepakaran UIR berkenaan pembangunan desa dan masyarakat, teristimewa dalam bidang perikanan dan budidaya perikanan serta teknologi pengolahan ikan, suatu pembinaaan yang menyeluruh dan sistemik dapat diprogramkan dengan memperkuat perikanan dan sumber dayanya dalam mendukung pengembangan pertanian sagu dan hortikultura di pekarangan maupun menyokong ekonomi kreatif tempatan yang akan mendukung otonomi desa dan kemandirian ekonomi melalui sistem agro-aquabisnis dan ekonomi aquaindustri.
Evaluating the Impact of Behavioral Factors on Purchase Intention of Green Products in Pakistan
Authors: Ikram Muhammad , Shoukat Ayesha 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Today, global warming is one of the most pressing issues facing the world, and it is primarily caused by greenhouse gases. Thus, the development of green products is one of the industrial endeavors to address this dilemma by permitting at least partial proportionate decrease in global-gas-emissions. Determinants of customer purchasing intention for green products are examined in this study.
Design/Methodology/Approach: For conducting this research, the data is gathered from 304 respondents. SPSS is used for descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using the software Smart PLS 3. The provided hypothesis was analyzed in two-step approach using partial least squares structural equation modeling (Smart-PLS 3).
Findings: The findings revealed that ATGP and SN do not significantly influence purchase intention but have an indirect impact on it. WTP has a significant mediation between ATGP, SN and GPI, while EC are seen to predict directly and indirectly GPI.
Implications/Originality/Value: To explain the effect of behavioral factors on green purchasing intention, this study uses willingness to pay as a mediator to add environmental concern as a predictor to the standard TPB behavioral model. The novelty of the study is evaluating the mediating impact of willingness to pay more.
Determinants of Employees’ Openness to Change: Insights from Service and Manufacturing Sectors of Pakistan
Authors: Saddiqui Umaima Mahmood Qamar , Shaheen Kanwal , Ali Qamar 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) world environment has forced organizational leaders more than ever to adopt new leadership styles in order to bring sustainable changes. This study tends to examine the impact of authentic leadership and symmetrical communication on employees' openness to change. In doing so, the study also illustrates the mediating character of organizational trust.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A self-administrated questionnaire based on a Five-point Likert scale was used to record the perceptions of top-level and middle-level managers from the services and manufacturing sectors of Pakistan. Data were analyzed through Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) technique in SmartPLS version 3.2.9.
Findings: Results of this study reveal that authentic leadership promotes organizational trust among the individuals at the workplace, which further strengthens openness to change. Similarly, symmetrical communication also promotes corporate trust among workers. Interestingly organizational trust has been found a mediating phenomenon in this case.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study adds important insights into the literature and practically provides guidelines to tackle the change management process in organizations. The study implies that in order to perpetuate employees' susceptibility to change, an organization needs to promote authentic leadership.