bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariate chemogenomic screening prioritizes new macrofilaricidal leads
Authors: Wheeler Nicolas J. , Ryan Kaetlyn T. , Gallo Kendra J. , Henthorn Clair R. , Ericksen Spencer S. , Chan John D. , Zamanian Mostafa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDevelopment of direct acting macrofilaricides for the treatment of human filariases is hampered by limitations in screening throughput imposed by the parasite life cycle. Efforts to circumvent arduous screening of adult filariae include drug repurposing and high-throughput screens that target commensal bacteria.In vitroadult screens typically assess single phenotypes without prior enrichment for chemicals with antifilarial potential. We developed a multivariate screen that identified dozens of compounds with submicromolar macrofilaricidal activity, achieving a hit rate of >50% by leveraging abundantly accessible microfilariae. Adult assays were multiplexed to thoroughly characterize compound activity across relevant parasite fitness traits, including neuromuscular control, fecundity, metabolism, and viability. 17 compounds from a diverse chemogenomic library elicited strong effects on at least one adult trait, with differential potency against microfilariae and adults. Stage-specific drug effects may be crucial to limiting adverse events in endemic regions, and our screen identified five compounds with high potency against adults but low potency or slow-acting microfilaricidal effects, at least one of which acts through a novel mechanism. We show that the use of microfilariae in a primary screen outperforms model nematode developmental assays and virtual screening of protein structures inferred with deep-learning. These data provide new leads for drug development, and the high-content and multiplex assays set a new foundation for antifilarial discovery.
Unsupervised determination of lung tumor margin with widefield polarimetric second-harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: Mirsanaye Kamdin , Castaño Leonardo Uribe , Kamaliddin Yasmeen , Golaraei Ahmad , Kontenis Lukas , Žurauskas Edvardas , Navab Roya , Yasufuku Kazuhiro , Tsao Ming-Sound , Wilson Brian C. , Barzda Virginijus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is amongst many tissue components affected by cancer, however, morphological changes of the ECM are not well-understood and thus, often omitted from diagnostic considerations. Polarimetric second-harmonic generation (P-SHG) microscopy allows for visualization and characterization of collagen ultrastructure in the ECM, aiding in better understanding of the changes induced by cancer throughout the tissue. In this paper, a large region of hematoxylin and eosin-stained human lung section, encompassing a tumor margin, connecting a significant tumor portion to normal tissue was imaged with P-SHG microscopy. The resulting polarimetric parameters were utilized in principal components analysis and unsupervised k-means clustering to separate normal- and tumor-like tissue. Consequently, a pseudo-color map of the clustered tissue regions is generated to highlight the irregularity of the ECM collagen structure throughout the region of interest and to identify the tumor margin.
Evaluating UV-C sensitivity ofCoxiella burnetiiin Skim Milk using a Bench-Scale Collimated Beam System and Comparative Study with High-Temperature Short-Time Pasteurization
Authors: Pendyala Brahmaiah , Vashisht Pranav , Chen Fur-Chi , Sanchez Savannah E. , Comstock Bob , Omsland Anders , Patras Ankit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoxiella burnetiiis a zoonotic Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen and the causative agent of Query (Q) fever in humans. Contamination of milk byC. burnetiias a consequence of livestock infection is a significant public health concern. Effective methods to inactivateC. burnetiiin milk is a critical aspect of food safety. In this study, we measured optical light attenuation factors; absorption, scattering, and reflection of skim milk (SM) and considered for evaluation of delivered UV dose under stirred conditions. The accuracy of the method followed for the estimation of delivered UV dose in SM was verified by comparative studies ofEscherichia coliATCC 25922 inactivation in phosphate buffer (transparent fluid), and humic acid (opaque fluid). Absorption, scattering coefficient, and the reflectance of SM at 254 nm was measured as 19 ± 0.3/cm. 26 ± 0.5/cm and 10.6 %, respectively. SM inoculated withC. burnetiiwas irradiated using a collimated beam device equipped with a low-pressure UV-C254 nmlamp at doses from 0 – 12 mJ·cm-2. Results showed a log-linear inactivation ofC. burnetiiin SM with UV-C sensitivity (D10) value of 4.1 ± 0.04 mJ·cm-2. Similar inactivation kinetics was observed withSalmonella enterica serovarMuenchen ATCC BAA 1674 in SM and thereby suggested as a suitable surrogate toC. burnetiifor pilot scale UV-C processing studies of SM.
Strain dropouts reveal interactions that govern the metabolic output of the gut microbiome
Authors: Wang Min , Osborn Lucas J. , Jain Sunit , Meng Xiandong , Weakley Allison , Yan Jia , Massey William J. , Varadharajan Venkateshwari , Horak Anthony , Banerjee Rakhee , Allende Daniela S. , Chan Ricky E. , Hajjar Adeline M. , Dimas Alejandra , Zhao Aishan , Nagashima Kazuki , Cheng Alice G. , Higginbottom Steven , Brown J. Mark , Fischbach Michael A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe gut microbiome is complex, raising questions about the role of individual strains in the community. Here, we address this question by focusing on a functional unit within the community, the metabolic niche that controls bile acid 7α-dehydroxylation. By constructing variants of a complex defined community in which we drop out strains that occupy this niche, we explore how interactions within and between niches shape community-level metabolism. Omitting both members of the niche,Clostridium scindens(Cs) andClostridium hylemonae(Ch), eliminates secondary bile acid production and reshapes the community in a highly specific manner: eight strains go up or down in relative abundance by >100-fold, while the remaining strains are largely unaffected. In single-strain dropout communities (i.e., a strain swap within the niche),CsandChreach the same relative abundance and dehydroxylate bile acids to a similar extent. However, the effect on strains in other niches differs markedly:Clostridium sporogenesincreases >1000-fold in the ΔCsbut not ΔChdropout, reshaping the pool of microbiome-derived phenylalanine metabolites. Thus, strains that are functionally redundant within a niche can have widely varying impacts outside the niche, and a strain swap can ripple through the community in an unpredictable manner, resulting in a large impact on an unrelated community-level phenotype. Mice colonized by the ΔCsΔChcommunity show decreased liver steatosis relative to those colonized by the ΔChcommunity, demonstrating that a single strain from the microbiome can have a substantive impact on host physiology. Our work opens the door to the mechanistic studies of the role of an individual strain on community ecology and host physiology.
Multi-Molecular Hyperspectral PRM-SRS Imaging
Authors: Zhang Wenxu , Li Yajuan , Fung Anthony A. , Li Zhi , Jang Hongje , Zha Honghao , Chen Xiaoping , Gao Fangyuan , Wu Jane Y. , Sheng Huaxin , Yao Junjie , Skowronska-Krawczyk Dorota , Jain Sanjay , Shi Lingyan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLipids play crucial roles in many biological processes under physiological and pathological conditions. Mapping spatial distribution and examining metabolic dynamics of different lipids in cells and tissues in situ are critical for understanding aging and diseases. Commonly used imaging methods, including mass spectrometry-based technologies or labeled imaging techniques, tend to disrupt the native environment of cells/tissues and have limited spatial or spectral resolution, while traditional optical imaging techniques still lack the capacity to distinguish chemical differences between lipid subtypes. To overcome these limitations, we developed a new hyperspectral imaging platform that integrates a Penalized Reference Matching algorithm with Stimulated Raman Scattering (PRM-SRS) microscopy. With this new approach, we directly visualized and identified multiple lipid species in cells and tissues in situ with high chemical specificity and subcellular resolution. High density lipoprotein (HDL) particles containing non-esterified cholesterol was observed in the kidney, indicating that these pools of cholesterol are ectopic deposits, or have yet to be enriched. We detected a higher Cholesterol to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio inside the granule cells of hippocampal samples in old mice, suggesting altered membrane lipid synthesis and metabolism in aging brains. PRM-SRS imaging also revealed subcellular distributions of sphingosine and cardiolipin in the human brain sample. Compared with other techniques, PRM-SRS demonstrates unique advantages, including faster data processing and direct user-defined visualization with enhanced chemical specificity for distinguishing clinically relevant lipid subtypes in different organs and species. Our method has broad applications in multiplexed cell and tissue imaging.
Transitioning to carbon neutrality in Bahrain: a policy brief
Authors: Alsabbagh Maha , Alnaser Waheeb Essa 
Published: July 2022

PurposeBahrain has set a national target of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060, with an interim goal of a 30% reduction in CO2e emissions by 2035. The aim of this policy brief is to provide insights on how carbon neutrality in Bahrain can be achieved.Design/methodology/approachA review of literature related to climate change mitigation in general, and that related to Bahrain in particular, was carried out.FindingsGiven that the carbon intensity of Bahrain's economy is relatively high, achieving carbon neutrality requires not only technologies for reducing CO2e emissions at the source and enhanced carbon sinks, but it also requires the introduction of a circular economy culture and efforts to foster pro-environmental behavior within the population. The involvement of different stakeholders in the journey toward carbon neutrality is critical, along with the formulation of requisite policies regulating the roles of technology, behavior and research.Originality/valuePathways to achieve carbon neutrality in Bahrain were explored, and areas for policy focus were recommended.
The role of personality traits in participation in an Online Cancer Community
Authors: Badreddine Basma , Blount Yvette , Quilter Michael 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate how personality traits influence participative behaviour in an Online Cancer Community (OCC).Design/methodology/approachQualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 42 users of one of the largest OCCs in Australia – Cancer Council Online Community in New South Wales (NSW).FindingsThe results showed that extraversion, emotional stability and agreeableness traits influence posting behaviour, whereas the conscientiousness trait influences lurking behaviour. The openness trait did not affect either posters or lurkers’ online behaviour.Research limitations/implicationsThe research highlights the pivotal role of personality traits in users’ decisions to post or lurk using a multi-theory perspective that combined the social exchange theory and the Five-Factor Model. Future studies should explore personality traits that can benefit from online participation in an OCC to transition only lurkers who may benefit from posting.Practical implicationsInsights from the study inform OCC practitioners and moderators when designing the OCC platform. Except for the openness trait, lurkers and posters exhibited different attitudes, which indicates that integrating these findings in the OCC design can facilitate adopting strategies to elicit more participation by OCC users.Originality/valueThis is the first study that explored the role of personality traits in users’ decisions to participate in an OCC.
Systematic review of critical infrastructure resilience indicators
Authors: Osei-Kyei Robert , Almeida Laura Melo , Ampratwum Godslove , Tam Vivian 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Critical infrastructures (CIs) are essential components of the built environment. They ensure the interconnectivity and good operability of any major urban environment. CIs are exposed to several disruptions such as natural events, hazards or threats that may disturb their normal functionality. These disruptions may impact societies not only from a socio-economic perspective but also environmentally. Therefore, ensuring the resilience of CIs is crucial to modern cities. This paper aims to explore the main standards and criteria used to assess the resilience of CIs.

Design/methodology/approach
A three-stage systematic review process was adopted to retrieve relevant papers. A total of 44 papers were carefully selected, and the content analysis technique was used to thoroughly analyse the papers.

Findings
Results show that researchers’ interest to investigate the assessment criteria of CIs resilience increased after 2004. Further, a total of 28 resilience criteria of CIs were identified, of which the most reported ones are organisational resilience; performance loss, disruption and recovery process; resilience metrics and index; safety, security and risk analysis; societies/communities’ resilience and/or social-equity responsibility; dynamic networks connectivity; resilience through design and structural integrity; and economic resilience.

Originality/value
The findings of this research will serve as a solid foundation for the development of hypothesis for future empirical studies into the development of assessment criteria index for CI resilience. Further, the outcomes will contribute to the ongoing international discussions and debate on the appropriate ways to develop CI resilience.
Daily spillover from home to work: the role of workplace mindfulness and daily customer mistreatment
Authors: Shi Xiaolin (Crystal) , Wang Xingyu 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This daily diary study aims to examine the influences of daily poor sleep quality on employees’ emotional exhaustion at work via negative affect at home. Additionally, this study examines the moderating effects of day-level customer mistreatment and person-level workplace mindfulness in hotel frontline employees’ daily spillover from the nonwork domain to the work domain.

Design/methodology/approach
An experience sampling method was applied, and the survey data were collected from 98 frontline service employees in the hotel industry in China. This study included a one-time initial survey and a ten-day daily diary study.

Findings
This study reveals that frontline service employees’ poor sleep quality of the previous night influences their emotional exhaustion after work through negative affect at home. On days when employees perceived a low level of customer mistreatment, the daily positive association between negative affect at home and emotional exhaustion after work would be attenuated. Moreover, employees with a higher level of workplace mindfulness are less likely to be influenced by the negative affect at home.

Practical implications
This study suggests that hospitality organizations should extend their focus on caring about employees’ nonwork life quality, such as improving daily sleep quality and providing workplace mindfulness trainings.

Originality/value
This study adds to the current literature on work and nonwork spillover by considering the spillover process from employees’ nonwork domains to work domains by taking a dynamic and multilevel perspective.
International management amid fake news and corruption
Authors: Teichmann Fabian , Boticiu Sonia Ruxandra , Sergi Bruno S. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to illustrate how bribery and fake news in Eastern European countries can affect businesses across Europe. Countries such as Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia and Hungary represent sizeable and potential markets. Thanks to their European Union membership and low labor costs, these markets could offer many investment opportunities to international managers. Consequently, this study focuses on the challenge of corruption encountered by international managers and the necessary precautions before committing financial resources to these countries.

Design/methodology/approach
For this study, 10 informal interviews with presumed providers of illegal services were used to investigate the previously unexplored innovative research question. Informal interviews were conducted with individuals who can be assumed to have experience or knowledge in the field of corruption in multinational corporations.

Findings
The results show the potential impact of corruption on international managers in Eastern Europe.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature by examining two forms of corruption: bribing journalists to publish fake news to harm commercial rivals and bribing public officials to manufacture legal proceedings against business competitors. The following will also highlight how a corrupt judicial system can have implications abroad and what problems this may raise for mutual legal assistance.
Problem-solving style as blessing in extraversion personality and corporate entrepreneurship: evidence from automotive industry of Pakistan using Trait Activation Theory
Authors: Alam Muhammad Zubair , Rafiq Muhammad , Nasir Sobia , Abdul Rehman Chaudhary 
Published: July 2022

PurposeEmployees’ personalities towards occupational outcomes have significantly gained academic attention. Personality traits (PTs) of employees as the determinant of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) outcomes research domain is emerging. This paper aims to assess extraversion PT activation for CE outcome under the problem-solving conflict handling style (CHS) situational cue.Design/methodology/approachThe survey was conducted in automotive manufacturing firms in Pakistan for cross-sectional data collection. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the hypothesised theoretical model from 376 employees.FindingsResults revealed a positive and significant impact of extraversion on CE. Also, employees with high extraversion traits were found to prefer the problem-solving style in managing workplace conflicts. The extraversion trait was also found to be activated under the situational cue of the problem-solving style.Practical implicationsThe present study draws implications on person-job fit conceptions at the workplace while hiring, promoting and appointing employees. Personality assessment at the workplace is still in infancy in developing countries. The benefits of employees’ personalities can positively impact organisational performance measures like CE.Originality/valueThe present study has proposed the theoretical model based on Trait Activation Theory (TAT) and contributed theoretically through empirically testing the theoretical model by investigating the employees’ CHS role in activating their PTs towards the CE outcomes. Theoretically, using TAT conceptualisations in entrepreneurship and CE is novel as previous knowledge on PTs activation towards CE outcomes is non-existent. CHS as situational cues will attract social science researchers towards studying its role in various predictor outcome links across multiple work settings.
Teen firearm access during COVID: a repeated cross-sectional analysis of Pennsylvania families
Authors: Wallace Lacey Nicole 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate patterns in adolescent gun access and household gun storage in 2021 and 2022.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from two cross-sectional surveys of Pennsylvania parents with a teenage child at home.FindingsThe results indicated that about 20% of gun owners in each survey stored their guns loaded; a similar percentage stored their guns unlocked. Very few gun owners reported that their children could access their guns without adult supervision. This study found no change in gun storage practices between 2021 and 2022, but higher rates of gun ownership in 2022. The factors associated with gun storage behaviors did change between the two time points. COVID-related uncertainties and transitions in the household were linked to gun ownership and less safe storage practices in 2021, but not in 2022.Originality/valueThis study identified factors associated with teen gun access at distinct points during the pandemic. This study found little evidence of any association between child mental health and household firearm storage.
Rural tourism experience research: a bibliometric visualization review (1996-2021)
Authors: Guan Hongmei , Huang TaoZhen 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to identify the intellectual structures, current hotspots and research directions on rural tourism experience (RTE)–related fields from 1996 to 2021.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors collected 589 journal articles and reviews from the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus database and analyzed them through VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Findings
The results indicate a trend of gradual increase in RTE research, covering three main research themes. The most productive countries and institutions with RTE-related publications are mostly members of the European Union. However, the Asia-Pacific region is growing in RTE research and establishing influence. The author collaboration network and influential journals show the importance of the Malaysian authors and top travel journals. The discipline structure, critical articles and high-frequency keywords reflect the research hotspots and trends of RTE.

Originality/value
This study systematically reviews the RTE-related publications over the past 26 years. Accordingly, it can assist scholars gain a more comprehensive understanding of RTE research and acquire future research directions.
Conversion of natural grassland to cropland alters microbial community assembly across northern China
Authors: Chen Yongliang , Yang Xue , Fu Wei , Chen Baodong , Hu Hangwei , Feng Kai , Geisen Stefan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo feed the growing human population, natural grasslands are being converted to agricultural use at a massive scale. This conversion may have negative consequences for soil biodiversity, but its impact on the community assembly of differentially microbial groups remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the diversity and community compositions of bacteria, archaea, fungi and protists, using a paired sampling of grassland and cropland soils across the agro‐pastoral ecotone of northern China. Land‐use conversion decreased α diversity of bacteria, fungi and protists, and altered the structures of the entire soil microbial community (archaea, bacteria, fungi and protists). The community assembly of archaea and bacteria was dominated by stochastic processes, and that of protists dominated by deterministic processes in both land‐use types. By contrast, the fungal community was governed more strongly by stochastic processes in grassland soil, than by deterministic processes in cropland soil. Our findings support the ʻsize‐plasticityʼ hypothesis that smaller body‐sized microorganisms (archaea and bacteria) are more structured by stochastic processes, and larger one (protist) is more influenced by deterministic processes. Our study demonstrates that distinct ecological processes govern microbial community assembly, and land‐use change regulates the balance between determinism and stochasticity.