bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The existence and multiplicity of the normalized solutions for fractional Schrödinger equations involving Sobolev critical exponent in the L
2-subcritical and L
2-supercritical cases
Authors: Li Quanqing , Zou Wenming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to investigate the existence and multiplicity of the normalized solutions for the following fractional Schrödinger equation:
(P)

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
+
λ
u
=
μ
∣
u

∣

p
−
2

u
+
∣
u

∣

2

s

∗

−
2

u
,

x
∈

R

N

,

u
>
0
,

∫

R

N

∣
u

∣

2

d
x
=

a

2

,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}{\left(-\Delta )}^{s}u+\lambda u=\mu | u{| }^{p-2}u+| u{| }^{{2}_{s}^{\ast }-2}u,\hspace{1em}x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{N},\hspace{1.0em}\\ u\gt 0,\hspace{1em}\mathop{\displaystyle \int }\limits_{{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}}| u{| }^{2}{\rm{d}}x={a}^{2},\hspace{1.0em}\end{array}\right.

where

0
<
s
<
1

0\lt s\lt 1

,

a

a

,

μ
>
0

\mu \gt 0

,

N
≥
2

N\ge 2

, and

2
<
p
<

2

s

∗

2\lt p\lt {2}_{s}^{\ast }

. We consider the

L

2

{L}^{2}

-subcritical and

L

2

{L}^{2}

-supercritical cases. More precisely, in

L

2

{L}^{2}

-subcritical case, we obtain the multiplicity of the normalized solutions for problem

(

P

)

\left(P)

by using the truncation technique, concentration-compactness principle, and genus theory. In

L

2

{L}^{2}

-supercritical case, we obtain a couple of normalized solution for

(

P

)

\left(P)

by using a fiber map and concentration-compactness principle. To some extent, these results can be viewed as an extension of the existing results from Sobolev subcritical growth to Sobolev critical growth.
Effects of welding parameters on the angular distortion of welded steel plates
Authors: Dogan Ezgi , Ay Mustafa , Kurtulmus Memduh , Yukler Ahmet Irfan , Etyemez Ayhan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In a welding process, distortion is inevitable and causes a significant problem. Distortion could be minimized up to a specific limit by controlling the welding parameters. The expansion and contraction of the welding metal and the adjacent base metal during the heating and cooling cycles of the welding process create thermal stresses and angular distortion in a welding joint. The welding parameters determine the geometry of a weld bead. The form of the weld bead is vital in the angular distortion of butt welded plates. This article discusses the influence of some flux-cored arc welding process parameters such as shielding gas flow rate, weaving motion of welding electrodes, and torch angle on bead profile and angular distortion of St 37 steel plates of 10 mm thickness. The angular distortion decreases with the torch angle, but it increases with the gas flow rate. The electrode weaving motion consists of three components: the designed weld width, the vertical motion period in the welding direction, and the lateral motion speed normal to the welding direction. The angular distortion decreases with the weld width and the vertical motion period but decreases with the lateral speed.
Dependence modeling in stochastic frontier analysis
Authors: Mamonov Mikhail E. , Parmeter Christopher F. , Prokhorov Artem B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This review covers several of the core methodological and empirical developments surrounding stochastic frontier models that incorporate various new forms of dependence. Such models apply naturally to panels where cross-sectional observations on firm productivity correlate over time, but also in situations where various components of the error structure correlate between each other and with input variables. Ignoring such dependence patterns is known to lead to severe biases in the estimates of production functions and to incorrect inference.
Cardioprotective effect of Justicia gendarussa on doxorubicin induced toxicity in mice
Authors: P. K. Sreepriya , Vijayan Fijesh P. , Pareeth Chennattu M. , Padikkala Jose , Babu Thekkekara Devassy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Justicia gendarussa Burm.f, belonging to the family Acanthaceae, is widely used for various ailments traditionally. Antioxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anticancerous, properties of the plant have been widely reported. The present study analyzed the cardioprotective effect of J. gendarussa on doxorubicin (DOX) induced toxicity in mice. Ethanolic extract of J. gendarussa was administered orally for 7 consecutive days. The alterations in oxido-reduction status, biochemical and histopathological parameters were analyzed in heart tissue. DOX increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities to 3.4 ± 0.5 and 3.68 ± 1 from their normal values 2.43 ± 0.8 and 2.72 ± 0.88, respectively. The increased activities of both the enzymes were found reduced to 3.12 ± 0.24 and 3.41 ± 0.65 by the treatment of the extract. Similarly, DOX elevated glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity to 44.6 ± 3.71 from the normal level 32.33 ± 3.41. DOX decreased the glutathione (GSH) level to 15.66 ± 2.51 from the normal values 31.66 ± 4.05. Upon treatment, GPx activity and GHS level found restored. The increased lipid peroxidation 2.53 ± 0.25 of DOX was also decreased to 2.0 ± 0.34 by the extract. Histopathology observations substantiate the protective effect of J. gendarussa extract. In conclusion, DOX-induced disturbance of oxido-reduction status and histopathology of heart attenuated closer to the normal indicating the protective effect of J. gendarussa against DOX-induced toxicity in cardiomyocytes.
Pharmaceutical cocrystal consisting of ascorbic acid with p-aminobenzoic acid and paracetamol
Authors: Miles Fatima , Djellouli Fayrouz , Bensiradj Nourelhouda , Dahmani Abdallah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
As small molecule drugs become harder to develop and less cost effective for patient use, efficient strategies for their property improvement become increasingly important for global health initiatives. As a new crystal engineering strategy, cocrystals have opened a new way to modify the physicochemical properties of pharmaceutical solids. Improvements in the physical properties of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) without changes in the covalent chemistry have been possible through the application of binary component solids. In this work, a pharmaceutical cocrystal of ascorbic acid (A) + para-aminobenzoic acid (B) and ascorbic acid (A) + paracetamol (P) cocrystal are synthesized and characterized by PXRD, DSC, and FT-IR. FT-IR indicates the kind of interactions occurring between API and coformer. The DSC thermogram for (A–B) cocrystal showed a single endothermic peak attributed to the melting temperature at 155 °C. The thermal behavior of the cocrystal was distinct with different melting temperatures from that seen with either of the individual components; this suggests the formation of a new phase. As molecular modeling is presented as a support to the experiment, a computational study using density functional theory (DFT) at the level of the WB97XD functional and 6-311 + G (d, p) basis set was carried out using the Gaussian 09 program. This theoretical study made it possible to calculate the energetic properties, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds as well as the thermodynamic properties for the two cocrystals.
Ion beam activation of natCu, natTi, natNi and measurement of product formation cross sections at low energy (<10 MeV)
Authors: Anwer Mahwish , Naz Anam , Ahmad Ishaq , Usman Muhammad , Hussain Javed , Ilyas Syed Zafar , Shahid Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study we investigated the production cross sections of natCu(p, x)63,65Zn, natTi(p, x)48V, natNi(p, x)55Co,61Cu and natCu(α, x)66,67,68Ga, natTi(α, x)49,51Cr, natNi(α, x)63,65Zn reactions in the low energy range using the foil activation technique. The samples were activated in vacuum at 5 MV tandem (Pelletron) accelerator installed at National Centre for Physics (NCP), Islamabad, Pakistan. The reaction products were identified with the help of off-line gamma ray spectroscopy system connected with Genie 2000 software. The data analysis revealed the production of different radioisotopes that have valuable importance in monitoring charged-particle beams and medical applications. The measured results were verified by comparing them with earlier evaluated data as well as with the theoretical values given in the TENDL-library based on TALYS-1.9 code calculations.
Intersemiotic projection and academic comics: towards a social semiotic framework of multimodal paratactic and hypotactic projection
Authors: Zeng Lei , Zhu Xinyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntersemiotic projection is one of the most common configurations in the knowledge construction process of academic comics. Although previous studies address some general features of intersemiotic projection, further research on interdependency relations of intersemiotic projection is needed in order to map out the whole system. This study, based on the social-semiotic approach to multimodal studies, proposes a systemic framework of image-text paratactic and hypotactic projection in academic comics. This framework identifies three sub-categories of paratactic projection and hypotactic projection, respectively: (1) Emergent, (2) Adjoined, (3) Sequential, (4) Compound, (5) Subsumed, and (6) Fused. The use of these projection configurations contributes to the realization of the communicative purposes of academic comics to evidence, exemplify, emphasize, explain, elaborate, and visualize the discussed knowledge. This research attempts not only to contribute to the theoretical development of multimodality from the social-semiotic perspective by refining and enlarging the multimodal hypotactic projection framework but also to provide an effective and applicable tool for comics analysis.
Antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry essential oil with identification of its chemical constituents
Authors: Al-Zereini Wael A. , Al-Trawneh Ibrahim N. , Al-Qudah Mahmoud A. , TumAllah Heba M. , Abudayeh Zead H. , Hijazin Tahani 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aromatic plants embrace volatile compounds with efficiency in treating different diseases. In Jordan, Syzygium aromaticum flower buds (clove) are extensively used as folk medicine without awareness of its bio-safe dosage. Herein, clove buds were hydrodistilled using the Clevenger apparatus, and the resulting essential oil (CEO) was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity was evaluated against tested bacterial strains by agar diffusion test and micro-broth dilution assay. The antioxidant capacity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay, while the cytotoxic potency was unraveled by determination of its anti-proliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma and normal Vero cell lines. CEO yield was 5.7 ± 1.3% (w/w); encompassed 24 volatile ingredients with eugenol as the principal compound (73.41%). The CEO inhibited the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial test strains, causing the formation of 13.7 ± 1.5–17.3 ± 0.6 mm and 11.7 ± 1.5–20.7 ± 1.2 mm inhibition zones, respectively with MIC 1.25–5 μL/mL. Moreover, it showed antioxidant activity with IC50 0.0016 ± 0.0001 μL/mL (1.6 ± 0.1 μg/mL, 2.98 ± 0.4 µg Trolox®/µg CEO). Intriguingly, the CEO was cytotoxic against both cancerous and noncancerous cell lines at IC50 of 0.25 ± 0.02 μL/mL and 0.18 ± 0.01 μL/mL, respectively. Herein results unveil the potential application of CEO as a pharmaceutical remedy with considering its bio-safe dosage.
Trunk Neuromuscular Function and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Narrative Review of Trunk Strength, Endurance, and Dynamic Control
Authors: Song Yu , Li Ling , Dai Boyi 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Trunk strength, endurance, and dynamic control may have an effect on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates and biomechanical ACL loading variables during athletic tasks. Individuals responsible for training athletes at risk of ACL injuries should implement training programs that address these components of athletic performance. In ski racers, deficits in trunk flexion/extension strength and decreased trunk flexion/extension strength ratios have been identified as ACL injury risk factors. Trunk strength training alone is not sufficient to decrease biomechanical ACL loading, and there is no clear association between trunk endurance and ACL injury risks. Trunk dynamic control training may improve trunk and knee movements associated with decreased ACL loading during athletic tasks. Dynamic, unanticipated, and perturbed trunk functional assessments and training are recommended to challenge the trunk more during athletic tasks. Injury prevention programs should involve exercises using unstable surfaces, sports-related dual tasks, and perturbations to address trunk dynamic control. More investigation is still needed to further understand the associations between trunk neuromuscular functions and ACL injury risks during athletic tasks.
Multiscale and Extended Retrieval of Associative Memory Structures in a Cortical Model of Local-Global Inhibition Balance
Authors: Burns Thomas F. , Haga (芳賀 達也) Tatsuya , Fukai (深井朋樹) Tomoki 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInhibitory neurons take on many forms and functions. How this diversity contributes to memory function is not completely known. Previous formal studies indicate inhibition differentiated by local and global connectivity in associative memory networks functions to rescale the level of retrieval of excitatory assemblies. However, such studies lack biological details such as a distinction between types of neurons (excitatory and inhibitory), unrealistic connection schemas, and nonsparse assemblies. In this study, we present a rate-based cortical model where neurons are distinguished (as excitatory, local inhibitory, or global inhibitory), connected more realistically, and where memory items correspond to sparse excitatory assemblies. We use this model to study how local-global inhibition balance can alter memory retrieval in associative memory structures, including naturalistic and artificial structures. Experimental studies have reported inhibitory neurons and their subtypes uniquely respond to specific stimuli and can form sophisticated, joint excitatory-inhibitory assemblies. Our model suggests such joint assemblies, as well as a distribution and rebalancing of overall inhibition between two inhibitory subpopulations, one connected to excitatory assemblies locally and the other connected globally, can quadruple the range of retrieval across related memories. We identify a possible functional role for local-global inhibitory balance to, in the context of choice or preference of relationships, permit and maintain a broader range of memory items when local inhibition is dominant and conversely consolidate and strengthen a smaller range of memory items when global inhibition is dominant. This model, while still theoretical, therefore highlights a potentially biologically-plausible and behaviorally-useful function of inhibitory diversity in memory.
Ethanolamine‐phosphate on the second mannose is a preferential bridge for some GPI‐anchored proteins
Authors: Ishida Mizuki , Maki Yuta , Ninomiya Akinori , Takada Yoko , Campeau Philippe , Kinoshita Taroh , Murakami Yoshiko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositols (GPIs) are glycolipids that anchor many proteins (GPI‐APs) on the cell surface. The core glycan of GPI precursor has three mannoses, which in mammals, are all modified by ethanolamine‐phosphate (EthN‐P). It is postulated that EthN‐P on the third mannose (EthN‐P‐Man3) is the bridge between GPI and the protein and the second (EthN‐P‐Man2) is removed after GPI‐protein attachment. However, EthN‐P‐Man2 may not be always transient, as mutations of PIGG, the enzyme that transfers EthN‐P to Man2, result in inherited GPI deficiencies (IGDs), characterized by neuronal dysfunctions. Here, we show that EthN‐P on Man2 is the preferential bridge in some GPI‐APs, among them, the Ect‐5’‐nucleotidase and Netrin G2. We find that CD59, a GPI‐AP, is attached via EthN‐P‐Man2 both in PIGB‐knockout cells, in which GPI lacks Man3, and with a small fraction in wild‐type cells. Our findings modify the current view of GPI anchoring and provide a mechanistic basis for IGDs caused by PIGG mutations.
Variación en diversidad y composición de especies macrofúngicas a través de diferentes tipos de vegetación en Oaxaca, México
Authors: Pérez-Rosas Brenda , Gómez-Hernández Marko , Gándara Etelvina 
Published: May 2022

Background: Macromycetes play relevant roles in ecosystem functioning as pathogens, mutualists, and organic matter decomposers. Their diversity and distribution are strongly related to environmental conditions and vegetation types, however, there is a lack of ecological studies assessing which biotic and abiotic factors affect macrofungal communities.
Questions: Which vegetation type harbors the highest macromycete diversity? Do macromycete diversity and species composition change among forest types? Which are the main environmental factors related to diversity and distribution patterns along the study area?
Data description: Macromycete species richness and abundance, and environmental variables recorded in temperate forests.
Study site and dates: Ayoquezco de Aldama, Oaxaca. June-November 2019.
Methods: Macromycetes were collected twice a month in oak, oak-pine, pine-oak and pine forests, and environmental variables were recorded at each site. Species diversity and composition turnover were calculated using diversity and similarity indexes. The relation between diversity and species composition with environmental variables was determined with statistical analyses.
Results: A total of 186 species were collected. Oak-dominated forests showed the highest similarity in macromycete diversity and species composition. The observed patterns of diversity and distribution were related mainly to air and soil humidity and temperature, topographic factors, and vegetation structure.
Conclusions: Macromycete diversity and species composition can conspicuously change in short distances owing to the heterogeneity of habitats and resources provided by woody plants, and the topographic characteristic of the landscape. Vegetation type affects both macromycete diversity and distribution due to its influence on local temperature and humidity.

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Non-ablative Er:YAG laser treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI)
Authors: Pandya Manish R , Pancholiya Vidya , Patel Khushbu K 
Published: May 2022

To evaluate efficacy and safety of the FotonaSmooth device in treatment of SUI (stress urinary incontinence) patients after treating them with Er: YAG laser using both objective and patient-reported outcomes. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a leakage of urine during moments of physical activity that increases abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercise. It is most common seen health problem among women of certain age and it is most common type of urinary incontinence in women. Here, SUI is treated using intravaginal laser therapy by using non ablative Er: YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) laser with SMOOTH mode technology.: The 96 parous women with SUI were treated according to IncontiLaseclinical treatmentprotocol by using non-ablative Er: YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet) laser with SMOOTH mode technology at Vcare laser centre state of art centre for cosmetic gynaecology, Indore, Madhya Pradesh. At baseline, at 2 months and at 9 months after treatment patients were clinically examined, answered questionnaires for SUI severity and sexual function assessment. King‘s Health Questionnaire (KHQ); UDI-6 (Urogenital Distress Inventory, Short Form) Questionnaire; 3D Voiding Diary ;Satisfaction Questionnaire (0-3) which was used for assessment of relief of symptoms (complaints) and satisfaction. Patients were monitored for side-effects and discomfort during treatment period and follow-up period.A total of 96 patients suffering from mild-to-moderate stress urinary incontinence underwent treatment with an Er:YAG (2940 nm) laser in non-ablative fractional mode, which requires 2-3 sessions with one month interval (Out of 96 patients- 96 patients completed the first session; 72 patients completed two sessions and 30 patients completed three sessions). Out of which 75% patients were very satisfied with the treatment and outcome. The Enrolment of study participants was started in September 2017 and completed in April 2019.The non-ablative Er: YAG laser therapy improves the impact of SUI symptoms in parous women significantly better than placebo by improving the quality of life and sexual function; it also provides a promising minimally invasive safe treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) confirmed by the preliminary results.
Intrauterine deaths in pregnancies with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Malavika Kandukuri , Vellanki Janaki 
Published: May 2022

Corona virus outbreak emerged in Wuhan in late December 2019. It was declared as pandemic by WHO in March 2020. Patients usually present with fever cold, cough and fatigue. The severity of the disease varies from moderate to severe, with the majority of cases being mild. Fatality was high in immuno-compromised patients. Pregnancy is considered to be an immunosuppressive state, so pregnant women were also at risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection. According to the literature, COVID-19 infection during pregnancy may cause fetal discomfort, preterm labour, miscarriage, or neonatal death. This is an observational analytical study that took place over an 8-months period during which the hospital served as a nodal centre for Covid patients. All pregnant women with intrauterine death at 20 weeks or more of pregnancy with COVID-19 infection confirmed through RTPCR were included in the study Placental fragments and amniotic fluid were tested for SARS-COV2 infection. Histology of placental fragments were studied by pathologist.: Out of 30 Intrauterine deaths reported during the study period only twelve of them are due to associated co-morbidities like hypertensive disorders, diabetes and others, remaining are due to COVID-19 related hypoxia. Fetal demise with no other clinical or obstetric disorders prove that intrauterine deaths is also an outcome in pregnancies with COVID-19 infection with signs of acute chorioamnionitis and other inflammatory reactions noted in histological specimen of placental fragments.