bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Premodern History of “Civilisation” in Arabic: Rifāʿa al-Ṭahṭāwī and his Medieval Sources
Authors: Abu-ʿUksa Wael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
From the 1820s onwards, “progress” and “civilisation” gained extensive use in Arabic and evolved as comprehensive concepts. “Progress” conveyed the power of development and “civilisation” referred to the aspired-to future. The key use of “civilisation” was to establish a new form of legitimacy used to justify new institutional practices, values, and customs. Using Rifāʿa al-Ṭahṭāwī’s early theorisation of “civilisation” in the late 1820s as its starting point, this article tracks how medieval Arabic conceptions of the term influenced his theory, while also elaborating on the course and transformation of “civilisation” over time. The article traces the prehistory of the modern concept by mapping the semantics of words such as tamaddun, ʿumrān, taḥaḍḍur, and tamaṣṣur, all of which characterise different aspects of civilisation. It examines the sources al-Ṭahṭāwī drew on in constructing his conception of civilisation and problematises the idea that it is a notion wholly imported from France. The article’s diachronic analysis of “civilisation” uncovers its antecedents as represented in al-Ṭahṭāwī’s works, which intertwine the classical Greek, Hellenist, Arab, and modern European traditions.
Religious Care and Moral Economy amidst COVID-19
Authors: Jammes Jérémy , Hoon Chang-Yau 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
After Independence in 1984, the Sultanate of Brunei declared Melayu Islam Beraja (MIB) as the official state ideology. Translated as “Malay Islamic Monarchy,” this ideology is primarily interpreted through the Islamic lens and encompasses all sectors of the society. Facing the COVID-19 crisis, the government took quick and Shari’a-driven measures to contain the further import and propagation of the virus. How did faith intertwine with healthcare policy amidst COVID-19? Our ethnographic survey traces the origin of the virus in the country and the major reactions of the Islamic government in time of emergency. This archaeology of COVID-19 in the Sultanate should not ignore both the disciplinary trust in place in Brunei as well as individual reactions and ways to rely on religious materials (such as self-care healing practices, expressions of piety or calamity-releasing prayers) to eradicate the virus or protect people from it.
Bile Duct Carcinoma: Trends in Treatment in the Nineties
Authors: Reed Donald N. , Vitale Gary C. , Martin Robert , Bas Heidi , Wieman T. Jeffery , Larson Gerald M. , Edwards Michael , Mcmasters Kelly 
Published: November 2022

Surgical resection provides the only known chance of cure for cholangiocarcinoma, and even then the 5-year survival is only 10 to 20%, and only one-third of patients are resectable for cure at the time of diagnosis. In recent years we have had considerable experience with endoscopic stenting to palliate common bile duct cancers. This has prompted us to evaluate our results for both endoscopic and surgical treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. From January 1990 through June 1999, we reviewed our endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography registry and the hospital records for patients we treated for cholangiocarcinoma. Fifty patients were identified: 45 with cholangiocarcinoma and five with gallbladder cancer (who were excluded). The surgical group consisted of 16 patients: in 14 patients, resection for cure was possible whereas two had palliative procedures. There was one mortality (6%) and the median survival was 16 months. There have been no long-term surgical survivors, but 2 patients are alive at 24 months. We treated 29 patients with advanced disease with endoscopic stents (the endoscopic group) mainly for relief of obstructive jaundice. Six of 29 patients in the endoscopic group were critically ill and died in less than 4 weeks, whereas 23 patients who were in better condition survived for a mean of 10 months (range 2–84 months). We conclude that for common duct bile cancer surgical resection remains the treatment of choice but is applicable in only 30 to 35 per cent of cases. Endoscopic stenting effectively relieves jaundice and can provide long-term palliation comparable with surgical bypass; 12 of 29 patients in our endoscopic group survived 12 months or longer, and one is alive at 84 months after initial stenting.
Evaluating Blunt Abdominal Trauma with Sonography: A Cost Analysis
Authors: Mckenney Mark G. , Mckenney Kimberly L. , Hong John J. , Compton Ray , Cohn Stephen M. , Kirton Orlando C. , Shatz David V. , Sleeman Danny , Byers Patricia M. , Ginzburg Enrique , Augenstein Jeffrey 
Published: November 2022

Ultrasonography (US) is becoming increasingly utilized in the United States for the evaluation of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT). The objective of this study was to assess the cost impact of utilizing US in the evaluation of patients with BAT in a major trauma center. All patients sustaining BAT during a 6-month period before US was used at our institution (Jan–Jun 1993) were compared to BAT patients from a recent period in which US has been utilized (Jan–Jun 1995). The numbers of US, computed tomography (CT), and diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) were tabulated for each group. Financial cost for each of these procedures as determined by our finance department were as follows: US $96, CT $494, DPL $137. These numbers are representative of actual hospital expenditures exclusive of physician fees as calculated in 1994 U.S. dollars. Cost analysis was performed with t test and chi squared test, and significance was defined as P < 0.05. There were 890 BAT admissions in the 1993 study period and 1033 admissions in the 1995 study period. During the 1993 period, 642 procedures were performed on the 890 patients to evaluate the abdomen: 0 US, 466 CT, and 176 DPL (see table). This compares to 801 procedures on the 1033 patients in 1995: 552 US, 228 CT, and 21 DPL. Total cost was $254,316 for the 1993 group and $168,501 for the 1995 group. Extrapolated to a 1-year period, a significant ( P < 0.05) cost savings of $171,630 would be realized. Cost per patient evaluated was significantly reduced from $285.75 in 1993 to $163.12 in 1995 ( P < 0.05). This represents a 43 per cent reduction in per patient expenditure for evaluating the abdomen. By effectively utilizing ultrasonography in the evaluation of patients with blunt abdominal trauma, a significant cost savings can be realized. This effect results chiefly from an eight-fold reduction in the use of DPL, and a two-fold reduction in the use of CT.
Hunayn ibn-Ishaq: A Forgotten Legend
Authors: Johna Samir 
Published: November 2022

The last sentence of the third paragraph on page 497 should be phrased as: Even when remembered in the literature they are often referred to as Arabs and/or Moslems, contrary to their national identity as Assyrians and Chaldeans (the indigenous people of Mesopotamia) and contrary to their religious identity as Christians.
Utility of Falciform Ligament in Abdominal Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Liu Tom , Saber Alan 
Published: November 2022

Objective The aim of the present systematic review was to assess current trends in use of falciform ligament in abdominal surgery. Background The falciform ligament has been proposed in surgical literature as a suitable pedicle or flap with acceptable surgical outcomes; however, it is underutilized in abdominal surgery. Methods We performed a literature search and meta-analysis. All English studies describing use of a falciform ligament were eligible for inclusion. Results Of the 547 articles mentioning use of falciform ligament, 32 full text articles were included in this review. The majority were case reports (n = 14). The mremaining papers included retrospective analysis (n = 10), randomized control trials (n = 2), reviews (n = 3), and technique descriptions (n = 6). Conclusion The falciform ligament appears to be a safe and easily accessible natural tissue with a variety of surgical applications. It is most useful as a pedicle flap and could have benefit in foregut surgery including hepatic, pancreatic, biliary, gastric, and esophageal operations.
Early Ambulation is Associated with Improved Outcomes Following Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Rosowicz Andrew , Brody Jason S. , Lazar Damien J. , Bangla Venu G. , Panahi Armon , Nobel Tamar B. , Dexter-Meldrum Jacob , Divino Celia M. 
Published: November 2022

Background The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) society lists early mobilization as one of their recommendations for improving patient outcomes following colorectal surgery. The level of supporting evidence, however, is relatively weak, and furthermore, the ERAS guidelines do not clearly define “early” mobilization. In this study, we define mobilization in terms of time to first ambulation after surgery and develop an outcome-based cutoff for early mobilization. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study comprised of 291 patients who underwent colorectal operations at a large, academic medical center from June to December 2019. Three cutoffs (12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours) were used to divide patients into early and late ambulation groups for each cutoff, and statistical analysis was performed to determine differences in postoperative outcomes between the corresponding groups. Results Multivariate analysis showed no difference between the early and late ambulation groups for the 12-hour and 48-hour cutoffs; however, ambulation before 24 hours was associated with a decreased rate of severe complications as well as fewer adverse events overall. Patients who ambulated within 24 hours had a 4.1% rate of severe complications and a 22.1% rate of experiencing some adverse event (complication, return to the emergency department, and/or readmission). In comparison, 11.8% of patients who ambulated later experienced a severe complication ( P = 0.026), while 36.1% of patients experienced some adverse event ( P = 0.011). Conclusions Ambulation within 24 hours after colorectal surgery is associated with improved postoperative outcomes, particularly a decreased rate of severe complications.
Eating behaviour characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese junior high school students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sekine Airi , Okazaki Fumiko , Sugiyama Hiroki , Saeki Kae , Suzuki Reiko 
Published: November 2022

Background Psychological characteristics of eating behaviour may be related to dietary habits. Aim We investigated the association between eating behaviour characteristics and nutrition and food intake adequacy in Japanese adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 136 junior high school students (boys: 90, girls: 46) at a junior high school in Tokyo, Japan. Eating behaviour was categorised into three types (emotional, external, and restrained) using scores on the Japanese version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated, brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Inadequate nutrient intake was determined by counting the number of nutrients not meeting the dietary reference intake (DRI) for the Japanese population. The statistical analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using JMP ver.14 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). All reported p values are two-tailed, and p < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results Multiple regression analysis showed that restrained eating score was inversely associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI ( β =  − 0.28; p = 0.0027) and with total weight of snack intake ( β =  − 0.30; p = 0.0010). Neither emotional nor external eating was significantly associated with the number of nutrients not meeting the DRI and with total weight of snack intake. Conclusions These results suggest that adolescents with low restrained eating scores may have less self-control over their eating behaviour and may therefore have inadequate dietary intake.
Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Associated Risk Factors in Adolescents and Adults With Isolated Robin Sequence
Authors: Semensato Mariana Mendes , Trindade Sergio Henrique Kiemle , Marzano-Rodrigues Maria Noel , Scomparin Leandro , Trindade-Suedam Ivy 
Published: November 2022

Objective To investigate the subjective risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adolescents and young adults with isolated Robin sequence (IRS). Additionally, to investigate the association of OSA risk with respiratory signs/symptoms, and retrognathia. Design Prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. Setting Tertiary reference hospital for the rehabilitation of craniofacial anomalies. Participants Adolescents and adults (n = 30) with IRS were clinically evaluated and screened through the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ) and Respiratory Symptoms Questionnaire. The maxillomandibular relationship was assessed on lateral cephalograms of those that reached skeletal maturity (n = 13). Polysomnography (PSG) was performed in a subgroup of 4 individuals. Results The mean age of the sample was 18.2 (±3.4) years, 17 (56.7%) were adolescents (14-19 years), and 16 were (53.3%) female, all presented a repaired cleft palate. Clinical Parameters Systemic arterial pressure (118.0 ± 4.1/76.3 ± 4.9 mmHg), body mass index (BMI) (20.9 ± 2.8 kg/m2), neck (33.2 ± 2.3 cm), and waist circumferences (72.0 ± 5.8 cm) were within normal ranges. A skeletal class I pattern was observed in 61.5% of the participants while a class II was seen in 15.4% of them. A high risk for OSA was detected in 16.7%, and it was associated with nasal obstruction, snoring and drowsiness, and a skeletal class II pattern ( P ≤ .05). One patient presented with mild OSA (apnea–hypopnea index [AHI] = 10.1 events/hour) at the PSG exam. Conclusions A high risk for OSA can be observed with a moderate frequency among adolescents and young adults with IRS, especially among those who are concurrently suffering from nasal obstruction, snoring and retrognathia.
The Effect of Black Cohosh on Ki67 expression and Tumor Volume: A Pilot Study of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Patients
Authors: Trant Amelia A. , Chagpar Anees , Wei Wei , Neumeister Veronique , Rimm David , Stavris Karen , Lurie Bonnie , Frederick Courtney , Andrejeva Liva , Raghu Madhavi , Killelea Brigid , Horowitz Nina , Lannin Donald , Knill-Selby Elspeth , Sturrock Tracy , Hofstatter Erin 
Published: November 2022

Background: Black cohosh (BC) ( Cimicifuga racemosa) may prevent and treat breast cancer through anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-estrogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study sought to evaluate the effect of BC on tumor cellular proliferation, measured by Ki67 expression, in a pre-operative window trial of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients. Methods: Patients were treated pre-operatively for 2 to 6 weeks with BC extract. Eligible subjects were those who had DCIS on core biopsy. Ki67 was measured using automated quantitative immunofluorescence (AQUA) pre/post-operatively. Ki67, tumor volume, and hormone changes were assessed with 2-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, α = .05. Results: Thirty-one patients were treated for an average of 24.5 days (median 25; range 15-36). Ki67 decreased non-significantly (n = 26; P = .20; median pre-treatment 1280, post-treatment 859; range pre-treatment 175-7438, post-treatment 162-3370). Tumor volume, estradiol, and FSH did not change significantly. No grade 3 or 4 adverse events were reported. Conclusions: BC use showed no significant impact on cellular proliferation, tumor volume, or invasive disease upgrade rates in DCIS patients. It was well-tolerated, with no observed significant toxicities. Further study is needed to elucidate BC’s role in breast cancer treatment and prevention. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01628536 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01628536
Fatigue During Cancer-Related Radiotherapy and Associations with Activities, Work Ability and Quality of Life: Paying Attention to Subgroups more Likely to Experience Fatigue
Authors: Tödt Kristina , Engström Maria , Ekström Magnus , Efverman Anna 
Published: November 2022

Background: Having knowledge of which patients are more likely to experience fatigue during radiotherapy and the relationship between fatigue and health-related quality of life (HRQL) is important to improve identification and care of patients experiencing burdensome fatigue. Objective: To identify subgroups of patients, varying in situational, physiological, and psychological factors, who are more likely to experience fatigue an ordinary week of radiotherapy, and to compare patients experiencing and not experiencing fatigue regarding perceived HRQL and functional performance, that is, daily and physical activity and work ability. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 457 patients (52% women) undergoing radiotherapy (38% breast, 32% prostate cancer), using self-reported questionnaire data on fatigue, HRQL and functional performance analyzed using multivariable regression models. Results: Of the 448 patients who answered the fatigue question, 321 (72%) experienced fatigue. Patients reporting any comorbidity or depressed mood were more likely to experience fatigue, relative risk (RR) 1.56 ([95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.13-2.16) and RR 2.57 (CI 1.73-3.83), respectively. Patients with fatigue reported worse HRQL and performed less physical activity, including daily ( P = .003), vigorous ( P = .003) and moderate ( P = .002) activity. Patients with and without fatigue reported 60% versus 40% sickness absence. Conclusion: Patients with depressed mood or comorbidity were more likely to experience fatigue an ordinary week of radiotherapy than other patients were. Patients experiencing fatigue perceived worse HRQL and performed less daily and physical activity compared to patients not experiencing fatigue. Cancer care practitioners may consider paying extra attention to these subgroups of patients.
Aligning Orifice of the Renal Artery with Fish-Mouth FIXation Technique During Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair for Hostile Neck Anatomy
Authors: Domoto Satoru , Azuma Takashi , Hayakawa Minako , Yamagata Akiko , Isomura Shogo , Niinami Hiroshi 
Published: November 2022

Background: As the success of endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) depends on sufficient proximal fixation of the endograft to the aortic wall, the proximal hostile neck anatomy (HNA) is the major potential treatment-limiting factor in EVAR. The Aorfix endovascular stent graft was designed to operate on highly angulated aortic necks. The Aligning Orifice of the Renal artery with fish-mouth FIXation (AORFIX) technique uniquely and accurately aligns the trough part of the proximal stent end with the orifice of the lower renal artery and is used to optimize the proximal fish-mouth design for maximum proximal seal use. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the AORFIX technique for EVAR in patients with HNA. Methods: Eighty-one consecutive patients who underwent EVAR with the AORFIX technique (+AORFIX technique group, n = 16) and without (standard group, n = 65) were evaluated. The HNA was defined as any of the following: neck angulation ≥60°, neck length ≤15 mm, or neck thrombus or calcification ≥50% of the circumference and conical neck. Results: Each HNA criterion was similar between the two groups. However, the average number of HNA criteria was significantly higher in the +AORFIX technique group (1.9 ± .2 vs. 1.3 ± .1; P < .01). The two groups showed 100% procedural success. The concurrent renal angioplasty and stenting rates (88% vs. 4.6%; P < .01) were significantly higher in the +AORFIX technique group. There were no 30-day deaths in either group and no in-hospital device-related events in the +AORFIX technique group. The median follow-up period was 39 months, and there was no significant between-group difference in freedom from reintervention rate (+AORFIX group vs. standard group, 100% vs. 91.0%; P = .327). Conclusion: EVAR using the AORFIX technique might be useful even in patients with more complex HNA.
Clearance of ctDNA in triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer patients during neoadjuvant treatment is correlated with pathologic complete response
Authors: Ciriaco Nikaoly , Zamora Esther , Escrivá-de-Romaní Santiago , Miranda Gómez Ignacio , Jiménez Flores José , Saura Cristina , Sloane Hillary , Starus Anna , Fredebohm Johannes , Georgieva Lucy , Speight Graham , Jones Frederick , Ramón y Cajal Santiago , Espinosa-Bravo Martín , Peg Vicente 
Published: November 2022

Background: Although the standard of care is to perform surgery of primary breast cancer (BC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), for certain patients achieving clinical complete response (cCR) and pathologic complete response (pCR), omission of surgical treatment may be an option. Levels of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) during and after therapy could identify patients achieving minimal residual disease. In this study, we evaluated whether ctDNA clearance during NAC could be a correlate to effective response in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2+) and triple-negative (TN) BC patients. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to identify patient-specific PIK3CA and TP53 mutations in tissue using next-generation sequencing, which could then be used to track the presence/absence of mutations prior to, during, and following NAC using Sysmex SafeSEQ technology. All patients underwent a surgical excision after NAC, and pCR was assessed. Results: A total of 29 TN and HER2+ BC patients were examined and 20 that carried mutations in the PIK3CA and/or TP53 genes were recruited. Overall, 19 of these 20 patients harbored at least one tumor-specific mutation in their plasma at baseline. After NAC, 15 patients (75.0%) achieved pCR according to the histopathologic evaluation of the surgical specimen, and 15 patients (75.0%) had a cCR; 18 of 20 patients (90.0%) had concordant pCR and cCR. The status of ‘no mutation detected’ (NMD) following NAC in cCR patients correctly identified the pCR in 14 of 15 patients (93.33%), as well as correctly ruled out pCR in three patients, with an accuracy of 89.47%. During the 12-month follow-up after surgery, 40 plasma samples collected from 15 patients all showed no detectable ctDNA (NMD), and no patient recurred. Conclusion: These findings prompt further research of the value of ctDNA for non-invasive prediction of clinical/pathological response, raising the possibility of sparing surgery following NAC in selected BC patients.
Expression of m6A Methylation Regulator in Osteoarthritis and Its Prognostic Markers
Authors: Zhang Di , Zhang DanDan , Yang XiaoLi , Li Qiang , Zhang RongQiang , Xiong YongMin 
Published: November 2022

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disorder, in which genetic factors are strongly associated with its development. However, the pathogenesis of OA is still unclear, and recently it has been observed that epigenetic modifications are also involved in the pathogenesis of OA. This study aims to study the potential role of m6A-related genes in the occurrence and development of OA. Design We downloaded the OA expression profile data (GSE55235) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. First, function enrichment analysis of 17 representative m6A methylation regulatory factors was performed using the DAVID database and Metascape online tool. Then, we analyzed the expression of 17 m6A methylation regulatory factors in OA and the correlation between regulatory factors using Perl software. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the area under the ROC curve were used to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of m6A-related genes for discriminating patients with OA and healthy. Results We first identified that 12 of the 17 genes were differentially expressed in OA. ALKBH1, EIF3, IGF2BP3, WTAP, and YTHDC1 were associated with early diagnosis and prognosis of OA. Conclusions m6A RNA methylation regulator factors are key players in the progression of OA and have potential role in the stratification of prognosis and the formulation of treatment strategies.