bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut dysbiosis promotes prostate cancer progression and docetaxel resistance via activating NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis
Authors: Zhong Weibo , Wu Kaihui , Long Zining , Zhou Xumin , Zhong Chuanfan , Wang Shuo , Lai Houhua , Guo Yufei , Lv Daojun , Lu Jianming , Mao Xiangming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The gut microbiota is reportedly involved in the progression and chemoresistance of various human malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms behind how it exerts some effect on prostate cancer, as an extra-intestinal tumor, in a contact-independent way remain elusive and deserve exploration. Antibiotic exposure, one of the various factors affecting the gut microbiota community and capable of causing gut dysbiosis, is associated with multiple disorders. This study aims to preliminarily clarify the link between gut dysbiosis and prostate cancer.

Results
First, we discovered that perturbing the gut microbiota by consuming broad-spectrum antibiotics in water promoted the growth of subcutaneous and orthotopic tumors in mice. Fecal microbiota transplantation could transmit the effect of antibiotic exposure on tumor growth. Then, 16S rRNA sequencing for mouse feces indicated that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher after antibiotic exposure. Meanwhile, intratumoral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profoundly increased under the elevation of gut permeability. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that the NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis activated by intratumoral LPS facilitated prostate cancer proliferation and docetaxel chemoresistance. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing of patients’ fecal samples revealed that Proteobacteria was enriched in patients with metastatic prostate cancer and was positively correlated with plasma IL6 level, regional lymph node metastasis status, and distant metastasis status. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that the relative abundance of Proteobacteria had better performance than the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in predicting the probability of distant metastasis in prostate cancer (area under the ROC curve, 0.860; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Collectively, this research demonstrated that gut dysbiosis, characterized by the enrichment of Proteobacteria due to antibiotic exposure, resulted in the elevation of gut permeability and intratumoral LPS, promoting the development of prostate cancer via the NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis in mice. Considering findings from human patients, Proteobacteria might act as an intestinal biomarker for progressive prostate cancer.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Musical poetics in instrumental music: China’s intangible cultural heritage in the information age
Authors: Zhou He Ming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Enjoying the benefits presented by the information age can enhance the effectiveness of learning musical poetics in instrumental music, which constitutes intangible cultural heritage. This paper addresses the effectiveness of the academic program in instrumental music poetics (which was uploaded on YouTube) in order to specify cultural heritage popularization options. The survey was conducted among 200 students from two music schools in China. The results of group B demonstrated the effectiveness of video tutorials uploaded on YouTube in learning musical poetics in Chinese instrumental music. The difference between the groups was especially noticeable when evaluating the “theoretical knowledge” and “final exam” criteria. After Group B’s semiannual exposure, a survey addressing the understanding of the musical poetics’ intangible cultural value revealed a large-scale difference in the results compared to the data obtained in January (p-values of 0.034 for questions about cultural value and 0.001 for questions about online promotion), while no statistically significant improvement was observed for group A. Group B saw an intense increase in the understanding of responsibility for preserving the country’s intangible cultural values (+ 26.8%) and confidence in the knowledge of traditional Chinese tools (+ 25.1%) on the Agree scale. This study has practical value and is important for further research because it demonstrates the effectiveness of innovative technology for studying musical poetics and the popularization of intangible cultural values. Research findings may be used by educational institutions, in academic programs and research.
Preparation of turmeric powder with various extraction and drying methods
Authors: Park Junyoung , Do Subeen , Lee Minju , Ha Seungwoo , Lee Kwang-Geun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In this study, turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder was prepared with various extraction and drying methods. Extractions were performed using three solvents (water, 50% ethanol, and 70% ethanol) and three drying methods, namely, spray drying (SD), freeze drying (FD), and spray-freeze drying (SFD).

Results
Levels of the curcuminoids, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, in turmeric powder preparations were analysed using HPLC, and scanning electron microscopy and laser particle size analysis were used to observe and estimate the surface and size distribution of particles. The total amount of curcuminoids ranged from 0.59–14.35 mg/g turmeric powder, and as the concentration of ethanol increased, the level of curcuminoids, antioxidant activity, and average particle size significantly increased (all p < 0.05). In addition, the abundance of curcuminoids significantly increased in the order of SFD, FD, and SD (p < 0.05), whereas the average particle size significantly increased in the order of FD, SFD, and SD (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The highest TPC and TFC were detected in SFD turmeric powder preparations, whereas the average particle size significantly increased in the order of FD, SFD, and SD. Based on this study, we also showed that the level of curcuminoids, antioxidant activity, TPC, TFC, and average particle size were most affected by the extraction solvent.

Graphical Abstract
Construct validation of the Research Engagement Survey Tool (REST)
Authors: Goodman Melody S. , Ackermann Nicole , Haskell-Craig Zoé , Jackson Sherrill , Bowen Deborah J. , Sanders Thompson Vetta L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The Research Engagement Survey Tool (REST) was developed to examine the level of partner (e.g., patients, caregivers, advocates, clinicians, community members) engagement in research studies. The REST is aligned with eight engagement principles based on the literature and consensus reached through a five round Delphi process. Each of the engagement principles has three-five corresponding items that are assessed on two Likert type scales quantity (how often: never, rarely, sometimes, often, always, not applicable) and quality (how well: poor, fair, good, very good, excellent, not applicable). We conducted a comprehensive validation of the REST. Despite the importance of partner engagement in research, currently no gold standard measure exists.

Methods
Multiple strategies were employed to validate the REST. Here, we examine the internal consistency of items for each of the eight engagement principles. In addition, we examine the convergent validity of the comprehensive (32-item) REST with other measures (e.g., medical mistrust, Community Engagement in Research Index, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool, Wilder collaboration inventory, Partnership Assessment In community-based Research). We propose two scoring approaches for the REST; one aligned with the engagement principles and the other aligned with levels of community engagement: (1) outreach and education, (2) consultation, (3) cooperation, (4) collaboration, and (5) partnership.

Results
The REST has strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.75) for each of the eight engagement principals measured on both scales (quality and quantity). The REST had negligible (e.g., medical mistrust, community engagement in research index), low (e.g., Partnership Assessment In community-based Research, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool- benefits scale), and moderate (e.g., Wilder collaboration inventory, Partnership Self-Assessment Tool- synergy scale) statistically significant correlations with other measures based on the Spearman rank correlation coefficient. These results suggest the REST is measuring something similar and correlated to the existing measures, but it captures a different construct (perceived research engagement).

Conclusions
The REST is a valid and reliable tool to assess research engagement of community health stakeholders in the research process. Valid tools to assess research engagement are necessary to examine the impact of engagement on the scientific process and scientific discovery and move the field of stakeholder engagement from best practices and lessons learned to evidence-based approaches based on empirical data.
Probabilistic inversion of seismic data for reservoir petrophysical characterization: Review and examples
Authors: Grana Dario , Azevedo Leonardo , de Figueiredo Leandro , Connolly Patrick , Mukerji Tapan 
Published: June 2022

The physics that describes the seismic response of an interval of saturated porous rocks with known petrophysical properties is relatively well understood and includes rock physics, petrophysics, and wave propagation models. The main goal of seismic reservoir characterization is to predict the rock and fluid properties given a set of seismic measurements by combining geophysical models and mathematical methods. This modeling challenge is generally formulated as an inverse problem. The most common geophysical inverse problem is the seismic (or elastic) inversion, i.e., the estimation of elastic properties, such as seismic velocities or impedances, from seismic amplitudes and traveltimes. The estimation of petrophysical properties, such as porosity, lithology, and fluid saturations, also can be formulated as an inverse problem and is generally referred to as rock-physics (or petrophysical) inversion. Several deterministic and probabilistic methods can be applied to solve seismic inversion problems. Deterministic algorithms predict a single solution, which is a “best” estimate or the most likely value of the model variables of interest. In probabilistic algorithms, on the other hand, the solution is the probability distribution of the model variables of interest, which can be expressed as a conditional probability density function or a set of model realizations conditioned on the data. The probabilistic approach provides a quantification of the uncertainty of the solution in addition to the most likely model. Our goal is to define the terminology, present an overview of probabilistic seismic and rock-physics inversion methods for the estimation of petrophysical properties, demonstrate the fundamental concepts with illustrative examples, and discuss the recent research developments.
The efficacy and safety of anti–PD-1 antibody toripalimab combined with surufatinib in neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thyroid cancer: A phase II study.
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Ji Qinghai , Wang Yu , Huang Naisi , Hu Jiaqian , Wei Wenjun , Huang Caiping , Shen Qiang , Li Duanshu 
Published: June 2022

6084 Background: Surgery is the primary treatment for locally advanced thyroid cancer. However, some locally advanced patients are not candidates for R0/1 resection. There is limited evidence of neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced thyroid cancer. Surufatinib targets multiple kinases (VEGFR1-3, FGFR1 and CSF-1R) involved in tumor angiogenesis and tumor immune evasion. It is efficient, tolerable and safe for patients with radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer to receive surufatinib. In addition, surufatinib plus toripalimab (an anti-PD-1 antibody) showed encouraging antitumor activity and an acceptable safety profile in advanced solid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of surufatinib plus toripalimab in locally advanced thyroid cancer in the neoadjuvant setting. Methods: In this single-arm phase II study, patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of unresectable or borderline resectable differentiated thyroid cancer were eligible and received a combination of 250 mg surufatinib (oral, qd) with 240 mg toripalimab (IV, q3w). Treatment was continued until satisfied for curative surgery, disease progression, withdrawal of consent, unacceptable toxicity or investigator decision. Primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints included R0/1 resection rate, disease control rate (DCR), time to remission (TTR), adverse events (AEs), etc. Results: This study is ongoing. 10/10 patients were enrolled. 6 patients received ≥4 cycles of surufatinib plus toripalimab treatment and were also evaluated for efficacy. The ORR was 66.7% with 4 partial response (PR) and 2 stable disease (SD). 4 PR and 1 SD patients received R0 resections after neoadjuvant treatment. The safety was consistent with previously reported. No grade ≥3 AEs were observed. Specific AEs data are still being counted. Conclusions: Surufatinib in combination with toripalimab as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced thyroid cancer was feasible and majority of patients achieved R0 resection. AEs were mainly grade 1-2, and this combination was well-tolerated. The combination of these two agents should be further investigated for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thyroid cancer based on good results. Clinical trial information: NCT04524884.
Perception of health care students towards lectures as a teaching and learning method in the COVID era - A multicentric cross-sectional study from India
Authors: Singh Vijay Pratap , Ramakrishna Anand , Sinha Neloy , Khandelwal Bidita , Joseph Nitin , Barua Purnima 
Published: June 2022

The sudden precipitation of the pandemic forced undergraduates to take refuge at home, deserting the campus. Consequently, the age-old classroom in person teaching-learning (T-L) method shifted and lessons had to be conducted online. In previous decades, archetypical classroom lectures survived a lot of criticism in the face of the quasi-passive nature of T-L methodology. There are very few studies that reflect undergraduate students' perceptions of lectures. This study aimed to evaluate undergraduate students’ perceptions of lectures using an online questionnaire with 13 items, which was circulated to undergraduate students of medical, physiotherapy, and nursing courses in three settings at different locations of private and public health schools. There was a total of 877 responses. The surveyed students were in favor of lectures and considered them indispensable for undergraduate learning. They preferred it as a kind of organized learning through the teacher’s own experiences. Our study suggests that it is not the ‘lecture’ that requires mending but possibly teachers require better training, application of effective audio-visual aids, and innovative techniques to sustain students' interest in the class.
The effect of dietary modification on executive function domains in adult individuals with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pertiwi Junita Maja , Pramono Adriyan , Kaseke Martha Marie , Mayulu Nelly , Susanto David , Ate Andisty , Rizal Mochammad , Syauqy Ahmad , Gunawan William Ben , Nurkolis Fahrul 
Published: June 2022

Background: Recent study suggests that obesity is associated with a broad executive function decline. Several dietary intervention studies may improve executive function domains. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of dietary modification on executive function domains in adult patients with obesity. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane Library, Science Direct/SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to obtain articles until April 30th, 2022. The main outcome of interest was the change in executive function domains (inhibition, cognitive flexibility, working memory, verbal fluency, decision making, and planning). We extracted data on the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the dietary intervention and control groups in change from baseline executive function domains. The meta-analysis with a random effect model was performed using STATA, and the Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) tool was used to determine the quality of the included studies. Subsequently, to assess the quality of evidence, we used GRADE tools. Results: A total of 10 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the objectives were obtained. This meta-analysis showed that dietary modification improved cognitive flexibility [SMD=0.303 (-0.527 to -0.079), P=0.008, I2= 0%], working memory [SMD=0.601 (0.076 to 1.125), P=0.025, I2=83.6%], and verbal fluency [(SMD=0.223 (0.002 to 0.428), P=0.033, I2=16.3%]. However, most RCTs (six out of 10) had some concerns due to allocation concealment, unclear blinding assessment or participants, and a high dropout rate. Thus, further well-controlled RCTs are needed to confirm these results. Conclusions: Dietary modification might improve executive function domains in adult individuals with overweight/obesity. Registration: This systematic review is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022332572; registered 24 May 2022).
Prospects for using charity lotteries in social marketing
Authors: Evgenievich Barykin Sergey , Bozhuk Svetlana , Kozlova Nelli , Krasnostavskaia Nataliia , Mehta Reena , Vinokurov Stepan , Nimenia Inga , Vasilievna Kapustina Irina , Naumova Elena , Dedyukhina Natalia 
Published: June 2022

Background: The purpose of this work is to study the prospects of using charity lotteries as a marketing tool for involving consumers and employees in charitable activities. Methods: The research methodology is based on the principles of the theory of planned behavior by Ajzen. Results: The study confirmed that behavioral intention is correlated with actual behavior. Subjective norms factors have the most significant influence on behavioral intention. Conclusions: Correlation analysis allowed us to establish a weak effect of socio-demographic characteristics (Age, Gender, Capital Status, Ownership of Home, Educational Qualification, Employment, Annual Income) on behavior. The experience of participating in the lottery in the past also turned out to be insignificant. There is reason to believe that Russian consumers' decision to participate in the charity lottery is impulsive or due to pressure from their surroundings.
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors in astrocytes exert different effects on behavior and Alzheimer´s-like pathology
Authors: Zegarra-Valdivia Jonathan , Fernandez Ana M. , Martinez-Rachadell Laura , Herrero-Labrador Raquel , Fernandes Jansen , Torres Aleman Ignacio 
Published: June 2022

Background: Pleiotropic actions of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in the brain are context- and cell-dependent, but whether this holds for their receptors (insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), respectively), is less clear. Methods: We compared mice lacking IR or IGF-IR in glial fibrillary astrocytic protein (GFAP)-expressing astrocytes in a tamoxifen-regulated manner, to clarify their role in this type of glial cells, as the majority of data of their actions in brain have been obtained in neurons. Results: We observed that mice lacking IR in GFAP astrocytes (GFAP IR KO mice) develop mood disturbances and maintained intact cognition, while at the same time show greater pathology when cross-bred with APP/PS1 mice, a model of familial Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Conversely, mice lacking IGF-IR in GFAP astrocytes (GFAP-IGF-IR KO mice) show cognitive disturbances, maintained mood tone, and show control-dependent changes in AD-like pathology. Conclusions: These observations confirm that the role of IR and IGF-IR in the brain is cell-specific and context-dependent.
Impact of COVID-19 on international medical education and the future plans of medical students in Japan
Authors: Goudarzi Houman , Onozawa Masahiro , Takahashi Makoto 
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the current study methods and future plans of medical students compared to those in the pre-pandemic period. Methods: Second-grade medical students reported their academic experiences, study methods, and future career plans before (between 2016 and 2019) and during the pandemic (2020) using a questionnaire-based survey at Hokkaido University, Japan (n = 534). Results: From 2016 to 2019, we found an increasing trend for participation in short-term international exchange programs, taking the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE), clinical training, and undertaking research abroad among the students. However, these percentages significantly declined (to 35.5%) during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 for all the assessed future plans, including short-term exchange programs (-27.9%), taking USMLE (-19.8%), clinical training (-24.5%), and undertaking research abroad (-13.2%) compared to 2019, wherein 67.9% of the students wished to have at least one of these four above-mentioned academic activities. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic adversely and significantly influenced our medical students’ plans to go abroad for clinical and research training. Future studies are warranted to assess the long-term influence of this pandemic on the career planning of medical students.
Volunteering among pre-clinical medical students: Study of its association with academic performance using institutional data
Authors: Alsuwaidi Laila , Powell Leigh , Alhashmi Deena , Hassan Khamis Amar , Zary Nabil 
Published: June 2022

Background: Participating in volunteering activities during students’ higher education experience is becoming more commonplace. Studies have noted that volunteering has a positive impact on the academic performance of undergraduate medical students. However, most of these studies rely on self-reported data like surveys, interviews, and journals. In this study, we leverage actual institutional data to examine the relationship between volunteering and academic performance among medical students in the pre-clinical phases of the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) program. The current study also explores the factors that might influence students’ volunteering behaviours. Methods: Analysis based on retrospective data was conducted in the College of Medicine at the Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Three years of volunteering records for three cohorts of undergraduate medical students enrolled in the MBBS program between 2016 – 2018 were reviewed and analyzed to complete this study. The correlation between the annual Grade Point Average (GPA) and volunteering was studied across the three cohorts in each study year. Results: Analysis of 153 undergraduate medical students' volunteering records revealed a significant positive relationship between the annual GPA and the number of volunteering in year two. The correlation was insignificant in year one, year three, and across the three cohorts. Conclusions: The association between academic performance and volunteering among undergraduate medical students appeared to be positive. However, this relationship differs across the pre-clinical study years and is likely influenced by factors associated with volunteering that might influence GPA.