bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical scenario identification for realistic testing of autonomous driving systems
Authors: Song Qunying , Tan Kaige , Runeson Per , Persson Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAutonomous driving has become an important research area for road traffic, whereas testing of autonomous driving systems to ensure a safe and reliable operation remains an open challenge. Substantial real-world testing or massive driving data collection does not scale since the potential test scenarios in real-world traffic are infinite, and covering large shares of them in the test is impractical. Thus, critical ones have to be prioritized. We have developed an approach for critical test scenario identification and in this study, we implement the approach and validate it on two real autonomous driving systems from industry by integrating it into their tool-chain. Our main contribution in this work is the demonstration and validation of our approach for critical scenario identification for testing real autonomous driving systems.
On Certainty on the Foundations of History as a Discipline
Authors: Hamilton Andy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWittgenstein had little to say directly on philosophy of history. But some pertinent remarks in On Certainty have received little attention, apart from in Elizabeth Anscombe's short article on Hume and Julius Caesar. That article acknowledges its debt to On Certainty, which responses to Anscombe have failed to recognise. Wittgenstein focuses in On Certainty on apparently empirical propositions that seem to be certainties, but in fact form a rule-like framework for judging. I have called these Moorean propositions, and the present article develops the suggestion that history as a discipline rests on them. The result is a qualification of empiricism in philosophy of history.
Emergency vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, and potency of MEVAC® LSD vaccine containing Neethling strain
Authors: Bazid Abdel-Hamid , Wasfy Momtaz , Fawzy Mohamed , Nayel Mohamed , Abdelmegeid Mohamed , Thabet Randa Y. , Yong Hui Sian , El-Sayed Magdy M. , Magouz Asmaa , Badr Yassien 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging disease of cattle causing significantly high economic losses. Control of LSD depends on the use of homologous attenuated LSD virus strains isolated originally from South Africa (the Neethling strain). The virus belongs to the genus Capripoxvirus, which includes sheep pox virus and goat pox virus. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new live attenuated LSD vaccine produced by Middle East for Vaccines (MEVAC®) based on the Neethling strain. Tests were performed both in Egypt and Vietnam. Safety was evaluated by inoculation of five cattle with 10 times the recommended dose and observation of the animals for 14 days. Immunogenicity was tested at different periods post-vaccination (PV) in animals receiving the recommended doses of the vaccine using ELISA and virus neutralization test. Five cows were used to determine the protection index (PI) and non-vaccinated control cattle were included. Three calves were challenged by intradermal inoculation of the wild virus (5 × 105 TCID50) 28 days PV. Field or mass vaccination experiments were conducted in Vietnam during national campaigns in the summer of 2021 with 4301 vaccinated animals closely monitored after vaccination. In the field, around 2% (80/4301) of the animals showed hyper-reactivity, and 0.6% (24/4301) showed small skin swellings that disappeared within few hours PV. Abortion was recorded in three animals (0.3% 3/867). Challenged animals were resistant to clinical disease and PI value was 3.5 log10. Meanwhile, antibody levels determined by the ELISA were inconsistent among animals and laboratories during the study period. Overall, the findings point to a new safe and effective LSD vaccine.
Accuracy of Rapid Emergency Medicine Score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score in predicting acute paraphenylenediamine poisoning adverse outcomes
Authors: El-Sarnagawy Ghada N. , Ghonem Mona M. , Abdelhameid Marwa A. , Ali Omaima M. , Ismail Asmaa M. , El Shehaby Doaa M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParaphenylenediamine (PPD) is a commonly used xenobiotic in hair dying, causing deleterious outcomes in acute poisoning. Although many epidemiological studies and case reports explained their clinical presentations and fatal consequences, no studies have evaluated the early determinants of adverse outcomes. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the initial predictors of acute PPD poisoning adverse outcomes, focusing on the discriminatory accuracy of the Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score. A retrospective cohort study included all acute PPD-poisoned patients admitted to three Egyptian emergency hospitals from January 2020 to January 2022. Data was gathered on admission, including demographics, toxicological, clinical, scoring systems, and laboratory investigations. Patients were categorized according to their outcomes (mortality and complications). Ninety-seven patients with acute PPD poisoning were included, with a median age of 23 years, female predominance (60.8%), and suicidal intention (95.9%). Out of all patients, 25.77% died, and 43.29% had complicated outcomes. Respiratory failure was the primary cause of fatalities (10.30%), while acute renal failure (38.14%) was a chief cause of complications. The delay time till hospitalization, abnormal electrocardiogram, initial creatine phosphokinase, bicarbonate level, REMS, and SOFA scores were the significant determinants for adverse outcomes. The REMS exhibited the highest odds ratio (OR = 1.91 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41–2.60], p < 0.001) and had the best discriminatory power with the area under the curve (AUC) = 0.918 and overall accuracy of 91.8% in predicting mortality. However, the SOFA score had the highest odds ratio (OR = 4.97 [95% CI: 1.16–21.21], p = 0.001) and only yielded a significant prediction for complicated sequels with AUC = 0.913 and overall accuracy of 84.7%. The REMS is a simple clinical score that accurately predicts mortality, whereas the SOFA score is more practicable for anticipating complications in acute PPD-poisoned patients.
The loss of cardiac SIRT3 decreases metabolic flexibility and proteostasis in an age-dependent manner
Authors: Li Ping , Newhardt Maria F. , Matsuzaki Satoshi , Eyster Craig , Pranay Atul , Peelor Frederick F. , Batushansky Albert , Kinter Caroline , Subramani Kumar , Subrahmanian Sandeep , Ahamed Jasimuddin , Yu Pengchun , Kinter Michael , Miller Benjamin F. , Humphries Kenneth M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSIRT3 is a longevity factor that acts as the primary deacetylase in mitochondria. Although ubiquitously expressed, previous global SIRT3 knockout studies have shown primarily a cardiac-specific phenotype. Here, we sought to determine how specifically knocking out SIRT3 in cardiomyocytes (SIRTcKO mice) temporally affects cardiac function and metabolism. Mice displayed an age-dependent increase in cardiac pathology, with 10-month-old mice exhibiting significant loss of systolic function, hypertrophy, and fibrosis. While mitochondrial function was maintained at 10 months, proteomics and metabolic phenotyping indicated SIRT3 hearts had increased reliance on glucose as an energy substrate. Additionally, there was a significant increase in branched-chain amino acids in SIRT3cKO hearts without concurrent increases in mTOR activity. Heavy water labeling experiments demonstrated that, by 3 months of age, there was an increase in protein synthesis that promoted hypertrophic growth with a potential loss of proteostasis in SIRT3cKO hearts. Cumulatively, these data show that the cardiomyocyte-specific loss of SIRT3 results in severe pathology with an accelerated aging phenotype.
Sex effect on growth performance and marker-aided sex discrimination of seedlings of Populus deltoides
Authors: Chen Yingnan , Wu Huaitong , Dai Xiaogang , Li Weiqiang , Qiu Yu , Yang Yonghua , Yin Tongming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSex has a significant effect on various traits among dioecious plants. In this analysis of the sex effect on the radial growth and wood density of numerous 20-year-old trees of Populus deltoides growing in a common garden, male trees performed better than the females in radial growth, but sex did not significantly affect wood density. Growth rate and wood density were weakly negatively correlated. Sex selection is also critical for controlling seed-hair pollution from P. deltoides plantations. However, because the juvenile period of P. deltoides lasts for years, a reliable technique to determine the sex of juveniles has been needed. Here we developed a marker-aided technique to discriminate the sexes of P. deltoides seedlings. This study provides essential information on target traits and a highly desirable genetic toolkit for accelerate breeding programs for this important tree species.
Effect of Weight Regain on Body Composition and Metabolic Biomarkers After Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Cross-Sectional Study from a Hospital Database
Authors: Hany Mohamed , Demerdash Hala M. , Zidan Ahmed , Agayaby Ann Samy Shafiq , Torensma Bart 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Weight regain (WR) is described in approximately 30% of patient’s post-bariatric surgery. It is related to the progression or recurrence of associated medical problems and decline in health-related quality of life. This study aimed to test the return of body composition and metabolic biomarkers to pre-operative levels when WR occurs.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study conducted in 2021, patients were randomly selected from the hospital’s electronic databases between 2001 and 2020. Patient demographic data, comorbidities, body compositions, and metabolic biomarkers were collected. Three groups were defined: groups A (WR), B (weight loss), and C (control group; patients with obesity who had not yet undergone bariatric surgery).

Results
A total of 88 patients were enrolled in this study and matched with the control group. The body mass index in group A was 43.8 ± 6.9 kg/m2; group B was 28.6 ± 4.2; group C was 43.9 ± 7.1. Body muscle mass, body fat mass, and visceral fat significantly differed between groups A and B (p < 0.001) but not between groups A and C (p = 0.8). There was a significant difference in leptin, ghrelin, postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, and fibroblast growth factor-21 (but not retinol-binding protein-4) between groups A and B. Most metabolic biomarkers in group A returned to the pre-operative values as in group C.

Conclusion
WR had a direct negative effect on body composition and metabolic biomarkers, whereby the values returned to pre-operative levels. Early detection of WR and possible additional therapy are necessary to prevent associated medical problems.

Graphical Abstract
Existence of a fractal of iterated function systems containing condensing functions for the degree of nondensifiability
Authors: Caballero Mena Josefa , Rocha Martín Juan , Sadarangani Kishin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFrom a fixed point theorists’ view, Hutchinson considered a fractal set as a fixed point problem and applied the Banach contraction principle to prove its existence. In this paper, we present a result about the existence of fractal for a finite iterated condensing function using the degree of nondensifiability.
Long-term evaluation of TTK Chitra™ heart valve prosthesis — a retrospective-prospective cohort study
Authors: Varma Praveen Kerala , Vijayakumar Maniyal , Bhuvaneshwar Gopichettipalayam Subbaratnam , Kumar Adarsh Syla , Krishna Neethu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose

The TTK Chitra™ heart valve has more than 1,40,000 implantations so far, but no long-term data has been published. This study aims to provide long-term results of the valve.

Methodology
A cohort of 476 patients with implantations from January 2006 to December 2018 were followed up prospectively consisting of 104 aortic valve replacement (AVR), 87 double valve replacement (DVR), and 285 mitral valve replacement (MVR) patients. Total follow-up was 4079 patient-years (py) (AVR = 983, MVR = 2392, DVR = 704), being 96% complete.

Results
The results showed that actuarial survival at 15 years was 82.3% for AVR, 60.7% for MVR, and 52.2% for DVR. Freedom from all valve-related mortality and morbidity at 15 years was 73.8%, 64.8%, and 61.9% for AVR, MVR, and DVR, respectively. There was one instance of structural failure of valve disc leading to severe valvar regurgitation. Valve thrombosis incidence was 1 in AVR (0.1%/py), 6 in MVR (0.25%/py), and 1 in DVR (0.14%/py). Thrombo-embolic episodes occurred in 50 patients (AVR = 7 patients at 0.7%/py; MVR = 36 patients at 1.5%/py; DVR = 7 patients at 0.99%/py) and major hemorrhage (bleeding) in 24 patients (AVR = 0.61%/py; MVR = 0.5%/py; and DVR = 0.85%/py). The linearized rates of adverse events in this study were found to be lower than earlier published results.

Conclusion
The results highlight the continued safety and performance of the TTK Chitra™ heart valve (TTKCHV) in the long term at 15 years.
Pathogenesis of Nasal Polyposis: Current Trends
Authors: Goulioumis Anastasios K. , Kourelis Konstantinos , Gkorpa Magioula , Danielides Vasilios 
Published: December 2022

AbstractChronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by edema of the sub-epithelial layers, but, only specific types of CRS are developing polyps. Nasal polyposis may develop under different pathogenetic mechanisms rendering the typical macroscopic classification of CRS, with or without nasal polyps, rather deficient. Currently, we approach nasal polyposis, in terms of diagnosis and treatment, according to its endotype, which means that we focus on the specific cells and cytokines that are participating in its pathogenesis. It appears that the molecular procedures that contribute to polyp formation, initiating with a Th-2 response of the adaptive immune system, are local phenomena occurring in the sub-epithelial layers of the mucosa. Several hypotheses are trying to approach the etiology that drives the immune response towards Th-2 type. Extrinsic factors, like fungi, Staphylococcus superantigens, biofilms, and altered microbiome can contribute to a modified and intense local reaction of the immune system. Some hypotheses based on intrinsic factors like the elimination of Treg lymphocytes, low local vitamin-D levels, high levels of leukotrienes, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by hypoxia, and altered levels of NO, add pieces to the puzzle of the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. Currently, the most complete theory is that of epithelial immune barrier dysfunction. Intrinsic and extrinsic conditions can damage the epithelial barrier rendering sub-epithelial layers more vulnerable to invasion by pathogens that trigger a Th-2 response of the adaptive immune system. Th2 cytokines, subsequently, induce the accumulation of eosinophils and IgE together with the remodeling of the stroma in the sub-epithelial layers leading, eventually, to the formation of nasal polyps.
Bringing It All Together: Leveraging Social Movements and the Courts to Advance Substantive Human Rights and Climate Justice
Authors: Smith-Carrier Tracy , Manion Kathleen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough significant literature and jurisprudence has amassed on rights-based climate litigation over recent years, less research and case law has emerged on poverty-related court cases and the fulfilment of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) in Canada. Fewer still are studies exploring the interlinkages between these areas of inquiry. The purpose of this paper is to explore, using Canada as a case study, rights-based developments in climate litigation cases and how these could impact the innovative advancement of ESCR (e.g. to food, housing and water). Typically, issues of justiciability and standing emerge, impeding the realization of such rights. Given the grave threats we now face, climate cases and social movements must be brought together to better hold state actors accountable for their rights obligations. We implore the legal community to explore ways to traverse juridical obstacles to realize the interdependencies of human rights and protect the planet from calamitous climate change.
Using mechanism similarity to understand enzyme evolution
Authors: Ribeiro António J. M. , Riziotis Ioannis G. , Tyzack Jonathan D. , Borkakoti Neera , Thornton Janet M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnzyme reactions take place in the active site through a series of catalytic steps, which are collectively termed the enzyme mechanism. The catalytic step is thereby the individual unit to consider for the purposes of building new enzyme mechanisms — i.e. through the mix and match of individual catalytic steps, new enzyme mechanisms and reactions can be conceived. In the case of natural evolution, it has been shown that new enzyme functions have emerged through the tweaking of existing mechanisms by the addition, removal, or modification of some catalytic steps, while maintaining other steps of the mechanism intact. Recently, we have extracted and codified the information on the catalytic steps of hundreds of enzymes in a machine-readable way, with the aim of automating this kind of evolutionary analysis. In this paper, we illustrate how these data, which we called the “rules of enzyme catalysis”, can be used to identify similar catalytic steps across enzymes that differ in their overall function and/or structural folds. A discussion on a set of three enzymes that share part of their mechanism is used as an exemplar to illustrate how this approach can reveal divergent and convergent evolution of enzymes at the mechanistic level.
Student-centered, “embodied inter-referencing” as antiracist and anticolonial pedagogy
Authors: Yoshimizu Ayaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reflects on an experimental pedagogical approach I developed in a Japanese literature course that examines sex, gender, and sexuality in response to institutional and epistemic racism that exist in university in Canada and in the specific context of the COVID-19 pandemic when the number of anti-Asian hate crimes rose at an enormous rate in the city where my university is situated. Building on the intellectual movements of “Asia as method” and “diaspora as method” my project attempts to move beyond the convention of studying Asian culture by referencing western theory, knowledge, and experience. More specifically, I developed an assignment called Peer- Engaged Embodied Reflection Journal where students discuss what they learned from Japanese literature by referencing their own, local experiences and engage in peer interactions in small groups. In this article, I discuss the effectiveness of my pedagogical approach based on the classroom study conducted in the fall of 2020 and the spring of 2021, semi-structured interviews with teaching assistants (TAs), and my own teaching experience. Based on my qualitative analysis of student engagement with the assignment as well as TAs’ and my grading experiences, I conclude that recentring student experience and peer engagement produces meaningful sites for decolonial and antiracist pedagogy while teaching Japanese modern literature in a Canadian institutional context.
Impact of past mining on public safety: seismicity in area of flooded abandoned coal Gardanne mine, France
Authors: Namjesnik Dalija , Kinscher Jannes , Contrucci Isabelle , Klein Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper focuses on the impact of past mining on public safety. It emphasizes the need to understand the induced seismic hazard and consequently improve the post-mining management procedures and legislations, as many mining sites are located in proximity to populated areas. Due to many challenges and complexity of the post-mining environments, induced seismic hazard nowadays remains largely unknown. However, the return experience of several post-mining sites in recent decades have shown us that the mine flooding and/or degradation of mining works can lead to the stress perturbations, inducing the seismicity and the reactivation of the surrounding geological faults. Hence, it is important to advance the seismic monitoring and research of seismicity in flooded post-mining districts. As the number of mine closures worldwide is rising, it can be expected that flooding induced reactivation of the surrounding faults becomes a more often observed phenomenon. We present in this paper the experience of the abandoned flooded coal mine of Gardanne in France, which has been experiencing post-mining seismicity problems since its closure in 2010. We show the results of a recent study of seismic multiplets and clustering of seismic events, as well as their spatio-temporal activity compared to meteorological conditions. These results provide us new insights as well as lead to raising new questions on seismic sources and triggering mechanisms.
Semi-real time systems for subsidence monitoring in areas affected by underground mining: the example of the Nuraxi-Figus coal district (Sardinia, Italy)
Authors: Ammirati L. , Di Martire D. , Bordicchia F. , Calcaterra D. , Russo G. , Mondillo N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderground mining can produce subsidence, which can be coincident with mining activities or delayed in response to the time-dependent deformation of the rocks. Therefore, in these cases, it is essential to effectively monitor the soil deformations at different times during and after mining activity. In the present work, an integrated approach based on geotechnical numerical modeling and Advanced Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (A-DInSAR) method has been applied to detect, study and monitor the subsidence related to mining activity in the Nuraxi Figus coal district (Sardinia, Italy). Two datasets of high-resolution COSMO-Skymed images were acquired, respectively in two covering periods: from 2011 and 2014, and from 2013 to 2020. The A-DInSAR results show that the predominant displacement rates are located in correspondence with the panels. The cumulated satellite-based LoS displacements vary in the first period between − 130 and + 28 mm and − 293 and + 28.4 mm, while, during the second period between − 6.9 and + 1.6 mm and − 8.72 and + 4.33 mm in ascending and descending geometries, respectively. The geotechnical numerical model allowed to obtain a value for the maximum expected. By using the vertical and horizontal components it was possible to reconstruct the kinematics of the deformation considering three phases: pre-mining, syn-mining, and post-mining activity. The temporal evolution of displacements started during the mining extraction in 2011, achieved the major values in correspondence of post-mining operations, during the period from 2013 to 2014 and continued slowly until 2020. The near real-time monitoring system applied in this study proved to be very useful for detecting subsidence during the mining activity and the post-mining period.