bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is an independent risk factor associated with asymptomatic gallbladder stone disease in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients in northwest China: a case-control study
Authors: Lu zhengyang , Ganghua Yang , Lei Zhang , Fandi Meng , Yong Wan , Binwu Sheng , Qinhong Xu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has previously been reported to be related to the incidence of gallbladder stone disease (GSD). This study was developed to identify key factors associated with the incidence of new-onset GSD among patients with NAFLD.
Method
Data pertaining to 610 patients with new-onset asymptomatic GSD and 610 healthy subjects between the ages of 30 and 80 undergoing routine annual check-ups were retrospectively analyzed. Clinicopathological variables including height, weight, blood pressure, serum lipids indexes, fasting blood glucose were compared in these patients, and the risk of GSD was compared between patients with and without NAFLD. Moreover, associations between body mass index (BMI), blood lipids, and GSD were assessed through multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results
GSD incidence was found to be significantly higher among NAFLD patients as compared to patients without NAFLD (P < 0.001). Among individuals with NAFLD, BMI, waist circumference, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels, and triglyceride (TG) levels were all found to be significantly positively correlated with GSD (all P < 0.01), whereas a significant negative correlation between high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) and GSD (P < 0.001) was observed in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, serum LDL-c was found to be significantly positively correlated with GSD incidence (P < 0.01), while BMI, serum TG, and HDL-c levels were negatively correlated with GSD incidence (all P < 0.01).
Conclusions
NAFLD is closely associated with the incidence of GSD and with related factors including obesity and dyslipidemia. These analyses suggest that serum LDL-c levels may be independently associated with the risk of GSD among individuals diagnosed with NAFLD, likely suggesting that improper drug treatment or pronounced reductions in TG levels may contribute to dysregulated cholesterol and fatty acid homeostasis in the context of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with NAFLD.
Causes and surgical management of choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy
Authors: Xia HongTian , Xin XianLei , Zhang HangYu , Liang Bin , Yang Tao , Liu Yang , Wang Jing , Meng XiangFei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to determine reasons for choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy and the most effective treatment.
Materials and Methods
The records of patients with choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy treated by the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (HS) or the Department of Gastroenterology (Gastro) at our hospital from 2007 to 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients in the HS group received surgical exploration of common bile duct and lithotomy or exploration of the common bile duct, lithotomy, and cholangiojejunostomy. The Gastro group received exploration of common bile duct (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and lithotomy and endoscopic sphincterotomy. Complications and short- and long-term outcomes were compared.
Results
There were 86 patients in the HS group (mean age 43 ± 11 years) (56, exploration of the common bile duct and lithotomy; 30 exploration of the common bile duct, lithotomy, and biliary-enteric anastomosis) and 48 in the Gastro group (mean age 43 ± 13 years). In the HS group, 63% of patients had abnormal structure/dysfunction of the Oddis sphincter, and 91% had positive bile cultures. Exploration of the common bile duct, lithotomy and cholangiojejunostomy produced the highest excellent + good results rate (90%) and the lowest rate of recurrent choledocholithiasis (3%). Exploration of common bile duct and lithotomy (gastro group) was associated with the worst outcomes (excellent + good rate = 46%; recurrent choledocholithiasis = 46%).
Conclusion
Abnormal structure/dysfunction of the Oddis sphincter is the main cause of choledocholithiasis after cholecystectomy. Exploration of the common bile duct, lithotomy, and cholangiojejunostomy results in the best outcomes.
Orthologs of Human Circulating miRNAs Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Are Elevated in Mouse Plasma Months before Tumour Detection
Authors: Ding Liang-Hao , Fallgren Christina M. , Yu Yongjia , McCarthy Maureen , Edmondson Elijah F. , Ullrich Robert L. , Weil Michael. M. , Story Michael D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Research examining the potential for circulating miRNA as serve as markers for preneoplastic lesions or early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is hindered by the difficulties of obtaining samples from asymptomatic individuals. As a surrogate for human samples, we identified hub miRNAs in gene co-expression networks using HCC-bearing C3H mice. We confirmed 38 hub miRNAs as associated with HCC in F2 hybrid mice derived from radiogenic HCC susceptible and resistant founders. When compared to a panel of 12 circulating miRNAs associated with human HCC, two had no mouse ortholog and 7 of the remaining 10 miRNAs overlapped with the 38 mouse HCC hub miRNAs. Using small RNA sequencing data generated from serially collected plasma samples in F2 mice, we examined the temporal levels of these 7 circulating miRNAs and found that the levels of 4 human circulating markers, miR-122-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-34a-5p and miR-365-3p increased linearly as the time approaching HCC detection neared, suggesting a correlation of miRNA levels with oncogenic progression. Estimation of change points in the kinetics of the 4 circulating miRNAs suggested the changes started 17.5 to 6.8 months prior to HCC detection. These data establish these 4 circulating miRNAs as potential sentinels for preneoplastic lesions or early-stage HCC.
Employment Outcomes for Men and Women Following an Economic Downturn: Labour Underutilisation in Australia
Authors: Baum Scott , Mitchell William 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

In Australia, as elsewhere, there has been continuing interest in understanding questions regarding unequal employment opportunities. While aggregate patterns provide a useful overview, it is insightful to consider employment outcomes across segmented markets. One such segmented market is between men and women, where it is widely understood that labour market engagement opportunities will differ. This paper provides an investigation of these uneven labour market outcomes. It presents an analysis of labour underutilisation for men and women using panel data, taking account of both individual-level supply-side factors together with the strength of the local labour market (demand-side) and the performance of the broader macro-economic environment. The result is an analysis that accounts for the impact of changing macroeconomy, local labour market conditions, and men and women's employability assets.
A Comparison Study of Quantitative PCR and Conventional Culture-Based Methods for Microbial Water Quality
Authors: TAKCI Hatice Aysun MERCIMEK , KARACA Cevher 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The goal of this study is to assess the microbial quality of water sources by using conventional culture-dependent microbiological methods and culture-independent molecular-based qPCR application for the monitoring of total bacteria, total coliform, and E. coli as an indicator of fecal contamination. In this experiment, a surface water sample was collected from Gaziantep, Turkey and the detection of microbial load and contamination was performed through gen-specific qPCR, plate count, and MPN quantification techniques. Total bacteria, total coliform, and E. coli levels using qPCR assay were significantly higher than that enumerated by culture-dependent microbiological methods in the water sample. Differences in the water pollution influenced the suitability of molecular method was clarified to the occurring viable but not cultivable (VBNC) bacteria and the measuring of low levels of DNA target by qPCR. The microbial quality of the Gaziantep Alleben water sample predicted by qPCR showed a positive correlation with traditional methods. These results stated that our real-time PCR approach can be suitable to estimate the relative abundances of uncultured and cultured indicator microorganisms affected by the water characteristics. The high level (100%) of resistance observed to clindamycin, erythromycin, penicillin G, tetracycline, and trimethoprim followed cefotaxime (62.5%), ceftazidime (50.0%), streptomycin (50.0%), ciprofloxacin (37.5%), and cefoperazone (25.0%) in a total of 8 strains. The high MAR index (0.33-0.67) of Gr negative strains indicated higher anthropogenic activity such as discharge points of industrial and domestic wastewaters which can contribute to microbiological contamination in surface waters.
Association of rs4711998 of IL-17A, rs2275913 of IL-17A and rs763780 IL-17F gene polymorphisms with vitiligo in a Mexican population
Authors: Ocampo-Candiani Jorge , Salazar Natalia Aranza Zapata , Kubelis-López David Emmanuel , Salinas-Santander Mauricio Andrés , Sánchez-Domínguez Celia Nohemí , Xolalpa-Rosales Ana Cecilia , Gómez-Galindo Marely Eugenia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Vitiligo is the most common depigmenting disease characterized by achromic macules due to selective loss of melanocytes. The pathogenesis remains poorly elucidated, and multiple hypotheses exists regarding its pathogenesis. Evidence suggests that stress on melanocytes can result in activation of the immune system, and involvement of both activated cluster of differentiation (CD8+) cytotoxic and CD4 + T-cells in the dysfunction, depigmentation, and apoptosis of melanocytes. Recent studies show that the interleukin 17 (IL-17) axis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the disease. IL-17 is an important regulatory effector cytokine in this pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of IL-17A rs4711998 (-832A/G), IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A), and IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) with vitiligo in a Northeastern Mexican population. This study was a case-control study and included 116 patients with vitiligo and 116 control subjects. Genotype characterization of IL-17A rs4711998 (-832A/G), IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A), and IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. It was observed that the combination of the genotypes GG/GA for IL-17F rs763780 (7488A/G) were associated with an increased risk for the development of vitiligo (OR = 2.0943, 95% Cl 1.2375–3.5445, P = 0.0056). Regarding IL-17A genotyping rs4711998 (-832A/G) and IL-17A rs2275913 (-197G/A), no association with vitiligo development was found. In conclusion, the SNP rs763780 in the IL-17F gene appears to be a risk factor for vitiligo development in this Mexican population.
A Serotonin Story in a Toxicological Model of Parkinsonism: Real Time, In Vivo, Chemical Investigations in Mice
Authors: Buchanan Anna Marie , Mena Sergio , Choukari Iman , Vasa Aditya , Crawford Jesseca , Fadel Jim , Reagan Lawrence , Hashemi Parastoo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons is well characterized to underlie the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). There are, however, a host of non-motor, and often devastating PD symptoms and less is known about how these symptoms are mediated by neurotransmitters. Serotonin neurochemistry is linked to various aspects of the disease such as PD-associated depression, levodopa (L-Dopa) induced depression and L-Dopa induced dyskinesia (LID). Depression and LID significantly reduce quality of life for PD patients so understanding serotonin neurotransmission in PD models is of great merit for reducing these symptoms. Here we use niche, fast electrochemistry paired with mathematical modeling and machine learning to, for the first time, robustly evaluate serotonin in vivo in real time in a toxicological model of Parkinsonism, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Mice treated with an acute MPTP paradigm had lower concentrations of in vivo, evoked and ambient serotonin in the hippocampus, consistent with the clinical comorbidity of depression with PD. These mice did not chemically respond to an SSRI, as strongly as did control animals, following the clinical literature showing that antidepressant success during PD is highly variable. Following levodopa (L-DOPA) administration, using a novel machine learning analysis tool, we see a dynamic shift from evoked serotonin release to dopamine release. We hypothesize that this finding shows, in real time, that serotonergic neurons uptake L-DOPA and produce dopamine at the expense of serotonin, supporting the significant clinical correlation between L-DOPA and depression. Finally, we find that this post L-DOPA dopamine release is less regulated, staying in the synapse for longer. This finding, perhaps to lack of autoreceptor control, may underlie the clinical presentation of LIDS. For the first time, this work shows the chemical intricacies of serotonin and how this modulator underlies several important non-motor deficits of PD, opening up new avenues of study for ultimately alleviating these symptoms.
Exploring the potential for rainwater use for the urban poor in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md Abid , Irfanullah Haseeb Md. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Under the climate crisis and rapid urbanisation, rainwater harvesting (RWH) is more pertinent than ever. In Bangladesh, the full potential of rainwater use, especially for the urban poor, has not been explored. This study reviewed the recently-executed national plans to assess the RWH provisions, explored literature to map RWH practice, showed the alignment between the plans and the practices, and assessed the provision of RWH in the currently-implemented plans, with a particular focus on the urban poor. Although the past plans recognised RWH, the study found that these did not emphasise the implementation process nor offer provisions for the urban poor. RWH was, however, widely practised in the urban, peri-urban, and rural parts of the country by utilising different catchment structures. Building on the experiences of other countries, the study assessed the feasibility of RWH for the urban poor to meet their sanitation and hygiene needs under the changing climate. The study concluded that a detailed ‘Rainwater Harvesting and Management Plan’ supporting the adoption and promotion of community-led models to mitigate RWH-related challenges in the urban slums and integrating multi-storied buildings to harvest rainwater for the poor neighbourhoods could ensure efficient and equitable rainwater management for the urban poor.
Seasonal variation of drinking water quality in urban water bodies (UWBs) of Chittagong Metropolitan City, Bangladesh: implications of higher water quality index (WQI) for the urban environment
Authors: Molla Morshed Hossan , Chowdhury Mohammad Abu Taiyeb , Bhuiyan Md. Habibur Rahman , Das Suman , Morshed A. J. M. , Das Jewel , Islam Saiful 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This is an empirical study on small urban water bodies in Chittagong Metropolitan City, Bangladesh. The ultimate objective was to explore the alternative source of fresh water supply for the city dwellers–the urban poor. To determine the level of drinking water, a suitability analysis was performed in conjunction with the construction and calculation of a Water Quality Index (WQI) for two distinct seasons: Rainy and Winter. The IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Statistics version: 20 and CAP: version: 5.0.0.465 was used as a means to an end. The study reveals that water quality in sampled UWBs of CMC was found unsuitable (WQI value 237.11) for drinking in the Rainy season and very poor (WQI value 99.62) in the Winter. The eight (8) parameters that crossed the maximum permissible limit in the Rainy and Winter seasons include electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity and nitrate. The two biological parameters, i.e. total coliform (TC) and fecal coliform (FC) that stood alone in crossing the admissible limit, detected measured values 1100+ MPN- 100 mL−1 in Rainy and Winter seasons, against unit recommended value 50. Awareness building on water pollutants in both public and private sectors is required to improve public health service delivery.
Antipyretic Medicinal Plants, Phytocompounds, and Green Nanoparticles:
An Updated Review
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Janmeda Pracheta , Chaudhary Priya , Rawat Sonam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Pyrexia itself is not a terminal condition. Basically, it occurs with mild to serious diseases
affecting alarge population of the world. Other than a high body temperature, pyrexia is accompanied
by several sickness behaviors, changes in physiological and metabolic characteristics of the
body system, and alterations in the immune responses. Various allopathic drugs are available to treat
pyrexia by targeting the symptom or the pathogen itself. Drug-resistance has made control and
treatment of vectors more difficult. However, many marginal people are obligated to utilize locally
available medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases due to limited access to synthetic
drugs. Developments in the field of nanotechnology and phytochemical research towards the discovery
of new antimicrobial agents have also drawn the interest of researchers towards the synthesis of
green nanoparticles from plant extracts due to their several benefits over the other methods. Thus,
the present report discusses the use of ethnomedicinal plants, phytocompounds, and the application
of green nanoparticles synthesized from plant extracts to treat pyrexia.
Pediatric Takayasu Arteritis: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Kasapcopur Ozgur , Haslak Fatih , Yildiz Mehmet , Sahin Sezgin , Adrovic Amra , Barut Kenan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is the third most common vasculitis of childhood and is extreme-ly rare. It is mainly characterized by chronic, autoimmune, and granulomatous inflammation of the aorta and its major branches. Women under 40 years of age are mostly affected. It occurs for the first time in childhood in about 30% of affected individuals. Initially, it presents nonspecific consti-tutional findings. Since there is no specific laboratory finding, diagnosis is challenging. The gold standard imaging method for diagnosis is conventional angiography. Delay in diagnosis can cause devastating consequences. Therefore, in cases presenting with nonspecific findings, with hyperten-sion and high acute phase reactants, the diagnosis should be suspected and confirmed with appro-priate imaging method, and treatment should be started immediately. Immunosuppressive agents are the mainstay of the treatment. Biological agents are successful in refractory cases, and endovascular revascularization methods are used in the treatment of complications.
A Case of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presenting with
Mononeuritis Multiplex
Authors: Alam Md. Adnanul , Hossain Md. Ismail , khan Abed Hussain , Arafat Shohael Mahmud 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), also known as Churg Strauss syndrome, is an uncommon vasculitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic an-tibody (ANCA). The hallmarks of the disease are asthma, eosinophilia, and systemic vasculitis with varying degrees of neurological, cutaneous, cardiac, gastrointestinal, and renal involvement. Diag-nosis is often difficult since the symptoms are diverse, and a number of differentials need to be ex-cluded.

Case presentation:
In this report, we describe a 60-year-old patient who presented with mononeuri-tis multiplex and a painful skin rash. A history of late-onset asthma, which was poorly controlled, led us to suspect EGPA. Laboratory data showed leukocytosis, eosinophilia (>10%), elevated ESR, CRP, and IgE, normal chest Xray, positive rheumatoid factor (RA), perinuclear anti-neutrophil cy-toplasmic antibody (p-ANCA), and evidence of extravascular eosinophils in histopathology report of skin biopsy. She was treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy with a satisfactory response.

Conclusion:
Diagnosis of EGPA requires a combination of clinical and histopathological findings to meet the diagnostic criteria. A history of poorly controlled or late-onset asthma may guide us to the diagnosis that is frequently overlooked. Due to the wide heterogeneity of EGPA patients' pheno-types, sharp, professional judgment is needed for early disease detection and treatment in order to avoid irreversible changes and poor outcomes.
Preconception Care: Intention to Action- An Intervention Based on the
Planned Behavior Theory for Maternal and Neonatal Health: A Randomized
Clinical Trial
Authors: Aziz Maryam Valayi , Vakilian Katayon , Khorsandi Mahboobeh , Ranjbaran Mehdi 
Published: March 2022

Background and Objectives:
Preconception care involves health promotion, screening,
and interventions for women and men to reduce the risk factors with the potential effect on their future
pregnancies; the present research is aimed at investigating the effect of planned behavior theory
on the knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior, self-control, intention, and practices
of preconception care.

Methods:
This is a controlled randomized trial study to examine the impacts on the intentions and
conductance of the preconception care among the women referring to a marriage consulting center.
To this end, 110 women referring to the marriage counseling centers of Asad Abad city in Iran were
selected and then divided into two groups. The educational sessions were held twice a week in four
60-minute sessions for the intervention group, while the control group received no intervention.
Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney and ϰ2 were employed for data analysis at the significance level of
0.05. The reliability of the tools was evaluated using Cronbach Alpha.

Findings:
The results indicated a significant difference between the two groups in terms of awareness
(14.27 ± 1.53 vs. 5.32 ± 2.95), attitudes (45.89 ± 3.52 vs. 36.36 ± 6.77), subjective norms
(30.01 ± 3.34 vs. 26.38 ± 4.10), and perceived behavioral control (23.10 ± 2.06 vs. 18.87 ± 4.61) for
the intervention and control groups, respectively (P = 0.001). Also, 89% of the intervention group
(vs. 4% of the controls) tried to make the record for preconception care.

Conclusion:
The theory of planned behavior can effectively improve awareness, attitude, and perceived
behavioral control in women. This theory also improved the behavioral intention of women
toward preconception care. The midwives and physicians are recommended to use this educational
method in health centers to motivate the women to take preconception counseling with the help of
health providers.

Trial registration:
This study was registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials with the code
IRCT2015121425529N1 in 2016.04.17