bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatic diaphragmatic injury along with ruptured gastrothorax: case report
Authors: Hordiychuk Andriy , Elston Timothy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Accidental fall was the 11th leading cause of death in Australia in 2020. It is essential to promptly diagnose traumatic diaphragmatic injury as a complication of thoracoabdominal blunt trauma and make a decision about an urgent surgical intervention, especially if there is a suspected herniation of internal organs into the thoracic cavity. This case report describes the clinical, intraoperative and computed tomography findings of traumatic diaphragmatic injury and ruptured gastrothorax.
Large bowel obstruction caused by a colonic polyp
Authors: Ishimaru Naoki , Fujikawa Hirohisa , Kobayashi Yoshifumi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A large bowel obstruction (LBO) is an emergency condition that requires early diagnosis and prompt treatment, and it is also crucial to identify the cause of the obstruction. Here, we describe a 76-year-old woman who presented to the hospital with a 1-day history of abdominal pain and vomiting and was diagnosed with LBO. Endoscopic findings showed that the cause of the LBO was initially determined to be a Bormann Type I tumour in the sigmoid colon. However, the surgery was performed later; the pathological findings led to the diagnosis of colonic obstruction caused by a colonic polyp in the sigmoid colon narrowed by chronic diverticulitis. Colonic polyps rarely cause LBO. Poor observation due to colonic stenosis can mask the morphology of the lesion. In cases of LBO, colonic polyps should be differentially diagnosed in addition to colon cancer.
The antimicrobial resistance travel tool, an interactive evidence-based educational tool to limit antimicrobial resistance spread
Authors: Arieti Fabiana , Savoldi Alessia , Rejendran Nithya Babu , Sibani Marcella , Tebon Maela , Pezzani Maria Diletta , Gorska Anna , Wozniak Teresa M , Tacconelli Evelina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
International travel has been recognized as a risk factor contributing to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, tools focused on AMR in the context of international travel and designed to guide decision-making are limited. We aimed at developing an evidence-based educational tool targeting both healthcare professionals (HCPs) and international travellers to help prevent the spread of AMR.

Methods
A literature review on 12 antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) listed as critical and high tiers in the WHO Pathogen Priority List covering four key areas was carried out: AMR surveillance data; epidemiological studies reporting ARB prevalence data on carriage in returning travellers; guidance documents reporting indications on screening for ARB in returning travellers and recommendations for ARB prevention for the public. The evidence, catalogued at country-level, provided the content for a series of visualizations that allow assessment of the risk of AMR acquisition through travel.

Results
Up to January 2021, the database includes data on: (i) AMR surveillance for 2.018.241 isolates from 86 countries; (ii) ARB prevalence of carriage from 11.679 international travellers and (iii) 15 guidance documents published by major public health agencies. The evidence allowed the development of a consultation scheme for the evaluation of risk factors, prevalence of carriage, proportion and recommendations for screening of AMR. For the public, pre-travel practical measures to minimize the risk of transmission were framed.

Conclusions
This easy-to-use, annually updated, freely accessible AMR travel tool (https://epi-net.eu/travel-tool/overview/), is the first of its kind to be developed. For HCPs, it can provide a valuable resource for teaching and a repository that facilitates a stepwise assessment of the risk of AMR spread and strengthen implementation of optimized infection control measures. Similarly, for travellers, the tool has the potential to raise awareness of AMR and outlines preventive measures that reduce the risk of AMR acquisition and spread.
Accretion regions of meteorite parent bodies inferred from a two-endmember isotopic mixing model
Authors: Shuai Kang , Hui Hejiu , Zhou Liyong , Li Weiqiang 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
The diverse isotopic anomalies of meteorites demonstrate that the protoplanetary disc was composed of components from different stellar sources, which mixed in the disc and formed the planetary bodies. However, the origin of the accretion materials of different planetary bodies and the cosmochemical relationship between these bodies remain ambiguous. The noncarbonaceous (NC) planetary bodies originate from the inner solar system and have isotopic compositions distinct from those of the carbonaceous (CC) bodies. We combined Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mo, and Ru isotopic anomalies to develop a quantitative two-endmember mixing model of the NC bodies. Correlations of the isotopic anomalies of different elements with different cosmochemical behaviors originate from the mixing of two common endmembers. Using this mixing model, we calculated the isotopic anomalies of NC bodies for all the considered isotopes, including the isotopic anomalies that are difficult to measure or have been altered by spallation processes. The mixing proportion between the two endmembers in each NC body has been calculated as a cosmochemical parameter, which represents the compositional relationship of the accretion materials between the NC bodies. Using the calculated mixing proportions, the feeding zones of the NC bodies could be estimated. The estimated feeding zones of NC bodies indicate a large population of interlopers in the main asteroid belt and an indigenous origin of Vesta. The feeding zones estimated in different planet formation scenarios indicate that the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn during formation of terrestrial planets were likely to be more circular than their current ones.
Survey of Current Financial Needs of Undergraduate Music Therapy Students
Authors: Thorn Austin C , Iwamasa Dawn A , Gooding Lori F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Students attending college rely on a variety of social and financial resources to cover the personal and academic costs of higher education. The most common tool for students is financial aid, which may include loans, needs-based grants, and work–study. Federal financial aid is designed to increase accessibility for individuals to pursue a college degree and is generally determined by their family’s assets or socioeconomic status. Research has suggested positive and negative relationships between students’ socioeconomic status and their academic outcomes. As this relationship has yet to be explored in music therapy, the primary purpose of this study was to explore the current financial needs and economic diversity of American undergraduate music therapy students. A survey was sent in April of 2020 for dissemination to undergraduate music therapy majors. Students from across the United States (n = 346) completed the questionnaire. Key findings included (a) most music therapy students (61.7%) took out student loans during the 2019–2020 academic year and expect substantial levels of debt upon graduation (&gt;$10,000); (b) about one-third (34.4%) of respondents received the Pell Grant, a needs-based grant, in the past year; (c) a considerable majority (77.5%) were employed during school; and (d) 97% of students received additional financial assistance from their families. This study also compared the needs between BIPOC (Black, indigenous, people of color) and white students. Implications of findings as they relate to music therapy education and further research regarding the financial need and socioeconomic status are also discussed.
Two pathways drive meiotic chromosome axis assembly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Heldrich Jonna , Milano Carolyn R , Markowitz Tovah E , Ur Sarah N , Vale-Silva Luis A , Corbett Kevin D , Hochwagen Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Successful meiotic recombination, and thus fertility, depends on conserved axis proteins that organize chromosomes into arrays of anchored chromatin loops and provide a protected environment for DNA exchange. Here, we show that the stereotypic chromosomal distribution of axis proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the additive result of two independent pathways: a cohesin-dependent pathway, which was previously identified and mediates focal enrichment of axis proteins at gene ends, and a parallel cohesin-independent pathway that recruits axis proteins to broad genomic islands with high gene density. These islands exhibit elevated markers of crossover recombination as well as increased nucleosome density, which we show is a direct consequence of the underlying DNA sequence. A predicted PHD domain in the center of the axis factor Hop1 specifically mediates cohesin-independent axis recruitment. Intriguingly, other chromosome organizers, including cohesin, condensin, and topoisomerases, are differentially depleted from the same regions even in non-meiotic cells, indicating that these DNA sequence-defined chromatin islands exert a general influence on the patterning of chromosome structure.
Mechanistic insights into tRNA cleavage by a contact-dependent growth inhibitor protein and translation factors
Authors: Wang Jing , Yashiro Yuka , Sakaguchi Yuriko , Suzuki Tsutomu , Tomita Kozo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Contact-dependent growth inhibition is a mechanism of interbacterial competition mediated by delivery of the C-terminal toxin domain of CdiA protein (CdiA–CT) into neighboring bacteria. The CdiA–CT of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli EC869 (CdiA–CTEC869) cleaves the 3′-acceptor regions of specific tRNAs in a reaction that requires the translation factors Tu/Ts and GTP. Here, we show that CdiA–CTEC869 has an intrinsic ability to recognize a specific sequence in substrate tRNAs, and Tu:Ts complex promotes tRNA cleavage by CdiA–CTEC869. Uncharged and aminoacylated tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) were cleaved by CdiA–CTEC869 to the same extent in the presence of Tu/Ts, and the CdiA–CTEC869:Tu:Ts:tRNA(aa-tRNA) complex formed in the presence of GTP. CdiA–CTEC869 interacts with domain II of Tu, thereby preventing the 3′-moiety of tRNA to bind to Tu as in canonical Tu:GTP:aa-tRNA complexes. Superimposition of the Tu:GTP:aa-tRNA structure onto the CdiA–CTEC869:Tu structure suggests that the 3′-portion of tRNA relocates into the CdiA–CTEC869 active site, located on the opposite side to the CdiA–CTEC869 :Tu interface, for tRNA cleavage. Thus, CdiA–CTEC869 is recruited to Tu:GTP:Ts, and CdiA–CT:Tu:GTP:Ts recognizes substrate tRNAs and cleaves them. Tu:GTP:Ts serves as a reaction scaffold that increases the affinity of CdiA–CTEC869 for substrate tRNAs and induces a structural change of tRNAs for efficient cleavage by CdiA–CTEC869.
SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses of Patients With HIV After Vaccination With BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in the Tel-Aviv Medical Center
Authors: Tau Luba , Turner Dan , Adler Amos , Marom Rotem , Ahsanov Svetlana , Matus Natasha , Levi Inbar , Gerber Gal , Lev Shir , Ziv-Baran Tomer , Hagin David , Freund Tal , Grupper Ayelet , Halperin Tamar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Little is known about vaccine efficacy and sustainability among people with HIV (PWH). We estimated humoral and cellular immune responses postvaccination with BNT162b2 mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine among PWH in Tel-Aviv Medical Center.

Methods
The vaccine humoral response was evaluated by measuring immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers of antispike receptor-binding domain antibodies (anti-RBD IgG). Cellular response was assessed by stimulating donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells with pooled complete S-peptide mix.

Results
One hundred thirty-six PWH who completed 2 doses of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine were tested for anti-RBD IgG and compared with 61 vaccinated health care workers (HCWs). The antibody titers were similar between the groups (median, 118 BAU/mL for PWH and 101.4 BAU/mL for HCWs; P = .231), although the mean time from second vaccine was 4.5 months in PWH and 6.7 months in HCWs (P &lt; .0001). Longer time from second vaccine dose was associated with decreased antibody level, as were CD4 counts &lt;300 cells/µL compared with higher CD4 counts (25.1 BAU/mL vs 119.3 BAU/mL, respectively; P = .047). There was no difference in cellular immune response between vaccinated PWH, convalescent unvaccinated PWH, and vaccinated HCWs.

Conclusions
The humoral immune response of PWH was comparable to that of HCWs after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination. Cellular immune response did not differ between vaccinated PWH, convalescent PWH, and vaccinated HCWs. PWH with CD4 counts &lt;300 cells/µL (n = 9) had lower antibody titers compared with patients with counts &gt;300 cells/µL (n = 127).
High and Rapid Increase in Seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 in Conakry, Guinea: Results From 3 Successive Cross-Sectional Surveys (ANRS COV16-ARIACOV)
Authors: Soumah Abou Aissata , Diallo Mamadou Saliou Kalifa , Guichet Emilande , Maman David , Thaurignac Guillaume , Keita Alpha Kabinet , Bouillin Julie , Diallo Haby , Pelloquin Raphael , Ayouba Ahidjo , Kpamou Cece , Peeters Martine , Delaporte Eric , Etard Jean-Francois , Toure Abdoulaye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe conducted 3 successive seroprevalence surveys, 3 months apart, using multistage cluster sampling to measure the extent and dynamics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic in Conakry, the capital city of Guinea. Seroprevalence increased from 17.3% (95% CI, 12.4%–23.8%) in December 2020 during the first survey (S1) to 28.9% (95% CI, 25.6%–32.4%) in March/April 2021 (S2), then to 42.4% (95% CI, 39.5%–45.3%) in June 2021 (S3). This significant overall trend of increasing seroprevalence (P &lt; .0001) was also significant in every age class, illustrating a sustained transmission within the whole community. These data may contribute to defining cost-effective response strategies.
Singing Is a Risk Factor for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Case-Control Study of Karaoke-Related Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreaks in 2 Cities in Hokkaido, Japan, Linked by Whole Genome Analysis
Authors: Nakashita Manami , Takagi Yuta , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Nakamura Haruna , Serizawa Yusuke , Ukai Tomohiko , Azuma Kotaro , Chiba Hiroko , Terada Kensaku , Nakanishi Kaori , Fujikawa Tomoko , Saito Kayoko , Yamaguchi Ryo , Mitsuhashi Yuu , Yano Koichi , Shibuma Tomoko , Kuzuma Akemi , Tsuda Shinichiro , Sadamoto Terukazu , Ishii Yasuhiko , Ohara Tsukasa , Hitomi Yoshiaki , Hiroshima Takashi , Yamagishi Takuya , Kamiya Hajime , Samuel Anita , Yahata Yuichiro , Shimada Tomoe , Arima Yuzo , Suzuki Motoi , Sekizuka Tsuyoshi , Kuroda Makoto , Sunagawa Tomimasa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Singing in an indoor space may increase the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We conducted a case-control study of karaoke-related coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks to reveal the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals who participate in karaoke.

Methods
Cases were defined as people who enjoyed karaoke at a bar and who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction between 16 May and 3 July 2020. Controls were defined as people who enjoyed karaoke at the same bar during the same period as the cases and tested negative. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. ORs of key variables adjusted for each other were also estimated (aOR).

Results
We identified 81 cases, the majority of whom were active elderly individuals (median age, 75 years). Six cases died (case fatality ratio, 7%). Among the cases, 68 (84%) were guests, 18 of whom had visited ≧2 karaoke bars. A genome analysis conducted in 30 cases showed 6 types of isolates within 4 single-nucleotide variation difference. The case-control study revealed that singing (aOR, 11.0 [95% CI, 1.2–101.0]), not wearing a mask (aOR, 3.7 [95% CI, 1.2–11.2]), and additional hour spent per visit (aOR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1–2.7]) were associated with COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions
A karaoke-related COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in 2 different cities was confirmed by the results of genome analysis. Singing in less-ventilated, indoor and crowded environments increases the risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. Wearing a mask and staying for only a short time can reduce the risk of infection during karaoke.
Temperature Sensing in Plants: On the Dawn of Molecular Thermosensor Research
Authors: Noguchi Minoru , Kodama Yutaka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although many studies on plant growth and development focus on the effects of light, a growing number of studies dissect plant responses to temperature and the underlying signaling pathways. The identity of plant thermosensing molecules (thermosensors) acting upstream of the signaling cascades in temperature responses was elusive until recently. During the past six years, a set of plant thermosensors has been discovered, representing a major turning point in the research on plant temperature responses and signaling. Here, we review these newly discovered plant thermosensors, which can be classified as sensors of warmth or cold. We compare between plant thermosensors and those from other organisms and attempt to define the subcellular thermosensing compartments in plants. In addition, we discuss the notion that photoreceptive thermosensors represent a novel class of thermosensors, the roles of which have yet to be described in non-plant systems.
Review of Eye Injuries Associated With Dermatologic Laser Treatment
Authors: Flegel Lisa , Kherani Femida , Richer Vincent 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
The eye is susceptible to damage during dermatologic laser treatments.

OBJECTIVE
Discuss the anatomy of the eye related to these procedures, the principles of laser–eye interactions, and ocular injuries reported with dermatologic laser treatments.

METHODS
PubMed and Embase searches were conducted to identify cases of eye injuries associated with dermatologic laser treatments.

RESULTS
One hundred nineteen cases of eye injury associated with dermatologic laser treatments were identified. Fifty-nine cases targeted the eyelid during resurfacing and caused ectropion, while 60 cases resulted from direct injury of ocular structures. In most of the cases of the latter, improper eye protection was used (44 of 60, 73%). In nearly all these cases, it was the patient who sustained a potentially avoidable ocular injury (52 of 60, 87%). Thirty-one patients had persistent ocular symptoms at follow-up (52%). The most common procedure in this context was laser hair removal of the face (35 of 60, 58%). Most of the cases developed injuries specific for the particular laser based on its wavelength and affinity to target certain ocular chromophores (59 of 60, 98%).

CONCLUSION
Most of the dermatologic laser–associated eye injury cases have occurred in the context of laser resurfacing or laser hair removal and are potentially preventable.
Patient Preferences Regarding Virtual Visits in Cutaneous Surgery in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Barilla Steven , Burshtein Joshua , Strunk Andrew , Yan Bernice Y. , Sharon Victoria R. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increasing shift toward the utilization of telehealth services. There are limited data on patient preferences for these services in dermatologic surgery.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate patient preferences regarding telehealth in dermatologic surgery for pre- and postsurgical care.

METHODS
A survey was administered to patients in an academic dermatology practice.

RESULTS
Two hundred twenty-four patients participated. An in-person presurgical consultation was preferred by 62.1%, and a postsurgical in-person visit was preferred by 67.7%. The most commonly cited reason was desire for physical interaction with their surgeon. For each 10-year increase in age, there was a 1.26-fold and 1.12-fold increase in preference for in-person consultation and follow-up, respectively. Eighty-seven percent felt safe during office visit, and 41% reported no anxiety regarding fear of contracting COVID-19. The proportion of patients preferring in-person pre- or postsurgical visits was similar regardless of sex, presence of an immunocompromising condition, prior dermatologic surgery, anxiety level for contracting COVID-19, and perceived level of office safety.

CONCLUSION
A majority of patients prefer in-person visits for pre- and postsurgical care. Older patients have a greater preference for in-person care. Anxiety level regarding COVID-19 and perceived level of office safety were not related to preference for in-person visits.
Effect of corneal epithelial remodeling on visual outcomes of topography-guided femtosecond LASIK
Authors: Saleh Solin , Epp Liam J. , Manche Edward E. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
To assess the effect of epithelial remodeling on visual outcomes over a 9 mm diameter corneal surface after topography-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia correction using spectral-domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Setting:
Outpatient clinical practice at the Stanford University Byers Eye Institute in Palo Alto, California.

Design:
Prospective nonrandomized observational study.

Methods:
Visual acuity, including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), 5% and 25% contrast sensitivity CDVA, manifest refraction, and corneal epithelial thickness after topography-guided femtosecond LASIK were analyzed. Corneal epithelial thickness was mapped across 13 sections and 3 concentric zones using AS-OCT preoperatively and at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively.

Results:
60 eyes of 30 patients with a mean age of 32.8 years (range 23 to 52 ± 7.03 years) undergoing myopic LASIK correction were assessed. In eyes with complete follow-up data (n = 30), mean preoperative UDVA was logMAR 1.48 ± 0.45 and logMAR −0.11 ± 0.08 at postoperative 12 months. Mean preoperative CDVA was logMAR −0.08 ± 0.11 and logMAR −0.13 ± 0.07 at 12 months. Linear mixed modeling demonstrated a significant correlation between improvement in UDVA and decreased superior and nasal corneal epithelial thickness and between improvement in CDVA and increased central epithelial thickness 12 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:
Improvement in UDVA and CDVA at 12 months after topography-guided femtosecond LASIK was correlated with nonuniform epithelial remodeling, including epithelial thickening in the central zone and thinning in the superior and nasal sections as measured by AS-OCT.