bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proposal for T1 subclassification in hepatocellular carcinoma: reappraisal of the AJCC 8th edition
Authors: Lee Chao-Wei , Tsai Hsin-I , Yu Ming-Chin , Wang Chih-Chi , Lee Wei-Chen , Yeh Ta-Sen , Yeh Chun-Nan , Lin Cheng-Yu , Kuo Tony , Chen Hsing-Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), tumor size is not considered in T1 stage. The present study aimed to find out the optimal cutoff for tumor size to further stratify patients with T1 HCC.

Methods
Operated HCC patients were identified from the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD), and the patients with T1bN0M0 tumors were further divided into two groups based on the tumor size. The resulting subgroups were denoted as T1b (≤ cutoff) and T1c (> cutoff). The survivals were compared between T1a/b and T1c as well as T1c and T2.

Results
From 2002 to 2018, a total of 2893 patients who underwent surgery for T1N0M0 HCC were identified from the CGRD. After excluding cases who died within 30 days of surgery, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis discovered that T1 tumors > 65 mm (T1c) had survivals similar to those of T2N0M0 tumors. Cox regression multivariate analysis further demonstrated that tumor size > 6.5 cm was an independent poor prognostic indicator for T1 HCC. Sensitivity tests also confirmed that tumors lager than 6.5 cm were significantly more likely to develop both tumor recurrence and liver-specific death after surgery.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that tumor size would significantly impact the survival outcome of T1 HCC after surgery. Due to significantly worse survival, we proposed a subclassification within T1 HCC, T1c: solitary tumor > 6.5 cm without vascular invasion, to further stratify those patients at risk. Further studies are mandatory to validate our findings.
Qualitative analysis of second-order fuzzy difference equation with quadratic term
Authors: Zhang Qianhong , Ouyang Miao , Pan Bairong , Lin Fubiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the qualitative features of a second-order fuzzy difference equation with quadratic term $$\begin{aligned} x_{n+1}=A+\frac{Bx_{n}}{x_{n-1}^2},\ \ n=0,1,\ldots . \end{aligned}$$

x

n
+
1

=
A
+

B

x
n

x

n
-
1

2

,

n
=
0
,
1
,
…
.

Here the parameters $$A, B\in \Re _F^+$$

A
,
B
∈

ℜ
F
+

and the initial values $$x_0, x_{-1}\in \Re _F^+$$

x
0

,

x

-
1

∈

ℜ
F
+

. Utilizing a generalization of division (g-division) of fuzzy numbers, we obtain some sufficient condition on the qualitative features including boundedness, persistence, and convergence of positive fuzzy solution of the model, Moreover two simulation examples are presented to verify our theoretical analysis.
Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (marPOR) is a Suitable Material for the Reconstruction of Orbital Floor Fracture Defects in Human Cadavers
Authors: Foerster Yannick , Kesting Marco , Reinauer Frank , Aksu Adem , Preidl Raimund 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Despite there being different materials for orbital floor reconstruction available today, outcomes are still not satisfying. In recent years, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has gained popularity in the field of orthopedic surgery due to its good biocompatibility and low infection rate. With its three-dimensional compound structure, it combines high stability and ductility, making it a potential material to be used for orbital floor reconstruction.

Methods
In a cadaver study, an overall of eighteen orbits were included. Fractures of the inferior wall were induced and then reconstructed using Polyglactin 910/PDS composite (Ethisorb) and UHMWPE (marPOR). Orbits were scanned by cone-beam CT in each condition: Intact, fractured and reconstructed with Ethisorb, marPOR 0.85 mm and marPOR 1.5 mm. Segmented orbital volumes were calculated by specialized software (Disior bonelogic CMF).

Results
All materials led to sufficient reconstruction of the initial orbital volumes (Ethisorb: p < 0.001; marPOR 0.85 mm: p = 0.003; marPOR 1.5 mm: p < 0.001). Orbits that were reconstructed with marPOR 0.85 mm showed the least mean volume difference from intact orbital volumes.

Conclusion
UHMWPE (marPOR) offers reliable reconstruction of orbital floor fractures combined with good stability, ductility and biocompatibility.
Efficacy and safety of monotherapy and combination therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors as first-line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review, meta-analysis and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Qing , Yan Xin , Zou Huimin , Jiang Yixuan , Lai Yunfeng , Ung Carolina Oi Lam , Hu Hao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the cancers with the highest morbidity and mortality. Sorafenib used to be the main treatment for unresectable HCC patients. However, regimens based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have attracted attention in recent years because of their reported benefits. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of monotherapy and combination therapy of ICIs as first-line treatment for unresectable HCC patients by conducting a systematic review, meta-analysis, and network meta-analysis.

Methods
Studies published up to 11st August 2022 were searched from 4 commonly used databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Clinical trials.gov. All eligible clinical trials were included. Data about reported objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were extracted.

Results
Of the 8579 studies retrieved, 24 met the inclusion criteria. In patients with unresectable HCC taking ICIs-based therapy as first-line treatment, the pooled result of median PFS and median OS was 5.76 months (95% CI 4.82–6.69) and 16.35 months (95% CI 15.19–17.51) The ORR and DCR were 25.1% (95% CI 20.8–29.5%) and 75.2% (95% CI 70.3–80.2%) measured by RECIST v1.1 or 40.2% (95% CI 31.7–48.6%) with 75.2% (95% CI 68.3–82.1%) measured by mRECIST v1.1. Compared to sorafenib, ICIs-based therapy significantly prolonged OS. The combination treatment of sintilimab plus IBI305 had the highest ORR, while atezolizumab plus bevacizumab had the highest DCR. The pooled incidence of any grade TRAEs was 82.3% (95% CI 73.9–90.7%), with highest incidence appeared in dysphonia.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that first-line ICIs-based therapies could provide survival benefits for patients with unresectable HCC, with manageable TRAEs. The potential of combination treatment to become the new treatment trend in clinical practice is promising.
Safety and efficacy of OAGB/MGB during the learning curve: setting a benchmark in a bariatric center of excellence
Authors: Musella Mario , Berardi Giovanna , Velotti Nunzio , Schiavone Vincenzo , Manetti Cristina , Vitiello Antonio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractVery little has been published on the learning curve (LC) of the One Anastomosis /Mini Gastric Bypass (OAGB/MGB). Aim of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes of OABG/MGBs performed during the LC of an experienced laparoscopic surgeon to global benchmark cut-offs. First 200 patients undergoing OAGB/MGB at our university hospital from 2010 to 2016 were retrospectively included in this study. LC of the surgeon was divided in two groups of 100 consecutive patients each and perioperative outcomes were compared to abovementioned global benchmarks for LSG and RYGB. A cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis was performed for operative time and hospital stay. Uneventful postoperative recovery was recorded in 95% of patients. All benchmark values for RYGB were met in group 2. Comparison with cut-offs for LSG showed longer hospital stay and operative time in both groups but postoperative rate of complications resulted lower even for Group 1. CUSUM graph of the operative time runs randomly above the predetermined limit till the 40th cases but reaches the plateau after the 115th operation. CUSUM curve of the hospital stay reaches the plateau after the 57th case. OAGB/MGB confirms to be a feasible procedure, which can be safely and effectively performed during the learning curve. However, at least 100 hundred cases are required to reduce operative time and hospital stay.
Social media and data privacy in education: an international comparative study of perceptions among pre-service teachers
Authors: Marín Victoria I. , Carpenter Jeffrey P. , Tur Gemma , Williamson-Leadley Sandra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSocial media platforms offer many educational possibilities, but they also create challenges associated with their business models. One increasingly relevant challenge, especially in the context of teacher education and schools, is personal data privacy. When considering social media and data privacy in education, taking into account culture-specific aspects in different countries, such as legal frameworks, user attitudes, and cultural values, is uncommon. This cross-sectional study explores the perceptions of pre-service teachers (N = 225) from universities in four countries (Germany, New Zealand, Spain, and the USA) concerning educational and professional social media use, as well as data privacy awareness and practices. Data were collected via a survey and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Results indicate that along with common belief in social media’s educational potential, data privacy concerns were present, knowledge related to data privacy was lacking, and differences existed between participants from the different universities. We discuss these results in relation to legal frameworks, user attitudes, and cultural values concerning social media data privacy, and consider implications for research, practice, and policy.
Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion in a Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) Tunnel
Authors: Goh S. M. , Tan L. T. , Gan H. Y. , Foo Y. L. , Goh K. H. , Lee H. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA study has been conducted to measure uniform corrosion due to the tunnel environment in the mass rapid transit North East Line (NEL) in Singapore. The study was aimed at investigating the corrosivity of the atmospheric environment in the NEL to enhance understanding on the maintenance of metallic components in a tunnel. The corrosivity levels at the buffer areas of ten stations along the NEL were monitored over a period of two years. The measurements were based on physical metal coupons as well as real-time monitoring systems using electrical resistance sensors. The corrosivity levels measured at different exposure sites showed differences, but were generally low and could be generally categorised as G1 according to ISA standard 71.04:2013. The reason for the low corrosivity levels was likely to be due to the relatively mild temperature and low (<60%) average relative humidity.
Recent Advances in the Unconventional Design of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Devices
Authors: Venkatesan Senthil Velan , Nandy Arpita , Karan Kunal , Larter Stephen R. , Thangadurai Venkataraman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs the world works to move away from traditional energy sources, effective efficient energy storage devices have become a key factor for success. The emergence of unconventional electrochemical energy storage devices, including hybrid batteries, hybrid redox flow cells and bacterial batteries, is part of the solution. These alternative electrochemical cell configurations provide materials and operating condition flexibility while offering high-energy conversion efficiency and modularity of design-to-design devices. The power of these diverse devices ranges from a few milliwatts to several megawatts. Manufacturing durable electronic and point-of-care devices is possible due to the development of all-solid-state batteries with efficient electrodes for long cycling and high energy density. New batteries made of earth-abundant metal ions are approaching the capacity of lithium-ion batteries. Costs are being reduced with the advent of flow batteries with engineered redox molecules for high energy density and membrane-free power generating electrochemical cells, which utilize liquid dynamics and interfaces (solid, liquid, and gaseous) for electrolyte separation. These batteries support electrode regeneration strategies for chemical and bio-batteries reducing battery energy costs. Other batteries have different benefits, e.g., carbon-neutral Li-CO2batteries consume CO2and generate power, offering dual-purpose energy storage and carbon sequestration. This work considers the recent technological advances of energy storage devices. Their transition from conventional to unconventional battery designs is examined to identify operational flexibilities, overall energy storage/conversion efficiency and application compatibility. Finally, a list of facilities for large-scale deployment of major electrochemical energy storage routes is provided.Graphical abstract
Analytical Approximate Solutions of a Magnetic Spherical Pendulum: Stability Analysis
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Amer T. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Under certain conditions, the governing equation of motion of magnetic spherical pendulum results in a cubic-quintic Duffing equation. The current work aims to achieve an analytical bounded procedure of this equation.

Methods
This may be accomplished by grouping nonlinear expanded frequency, Homotopy perturbation method (HPM), and Laplace transforms. Therefore, this technique helps disregard the appearance of the source of secular terms.

Results
To validate the obtained explanation, based on the method of Runge–Kutta of the fourth order (RK4), the numerical calculation is performed. On the other hand, the linearized stability analysis is carried out to explore stability neighbouring the fixed points. Moreover, the time history of the attained solution and the corresponding phase plane plots are obtained to expose the influence of the affecting factors in the behavior of motion.

Conclusions
A comparison between both solutions gives a good matching between them, which explores the worthy accuracy of the approach in question. Several phase portraits are planned toward illustrating the different types of stability and instability near the equilibrium points, where the relation between the expanded and the cyclotron frequency (that are generated by the magnetic field) is characterized for diverse standards of the azimuthal angular velocity.
Effects of Irrigation Using Activated Brackish Water on the Bacterial Community Structure of Rhizosphere Soil
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Chunhong , Mi Wentian , Qu Zhi , Mu Weiyi , Wang Jian , Zhang Jihong , Wang Quanjiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract The technology for the activation of irrigation brackish water was successful at improving the soil environment and crop yields. However, very few studies have examined how activated brackish water irrigation affects the rhizosphere bacterial communities and network patterns. By combining 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, we evaluated the diversity and composition of the rhizosphere bacterial community after being subjected to different types of irrigation with activated brackish water. We also analyzed the correlation and co-occurrence networks among the bacterial diversity, composition, and rhizosphere soil properties. The results showed that compared with brackish water irrigation, the salt content of activated irrigation water significantly decreased by 9.35%, 9.83%, and 12.95%, respectively. Irrigation with different types of activated brackish water had no significant (p > 0.05) effect on the diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial community, but it significantly changed its community composition, which was primarily dominated by soil nutrient indicators. The soil total nitrogen (TN) showed a significant (p < 0.01) negative correlation with the Chao1 index. Additionally, the changes in bacterial communities under different types of activated brackish irrigation water mainly occurred at the genus level. We showed that the rhizosphere soil that had been irrigated with oxygenated brackish water and magnetized brackish water better supported the reproduction of some soil-borne pathogens. Magnetization-oxygenation coupling treatment could significantly reduce the colonization of soil-borne pathogens of the rhizosphere soil, while also favoring the function of functional bacteria involved in soil nutrient transformation. This study highlights the main factors affecting the rhizosphere soil bacterial community structure by activated brackish water irrigation, while also providing new technical support for brackish water irrigation.
Predicting Propositional Satisfiability Based on Graph Attention Networks
Authors: Chang Wenjing , Zhang Hengkai , Luo Junwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBoolean satisfiability problems (SAT) have very rich generic and domain-specific structures. How to capture these structural features in the embedding space and feed them to deep learning models is an important factor influencing the use of neural networks to solve SAT problems. Graph neural networks have achieved good results, especially for message-passing models. These capture the displacement-invariant architecture well, whether building end-to-end models or improving heuristic algorithms for traditional solvers. We present the first framework for predicting the satisfiability of domain-specific SAT problems using graph attention networks, GAT-SAT. Our model can learn satisfiability features in a weakly supervised setting, i.e., in the absence of problem-specific feature engineering. We test the model to predict the satisfiability of randomly generated SAT instances SR(N) and random 3-SAT problems. Experiments demonstrate that our model improves the prediction accuracy of random 3-SAT problems by 1–4% and significantly outperforms other graph neural network approaches on random SR(N). Compared to NeuroSAT, our model can almost always achieve the same or even higher accuracy with half the amount of iterations. At the end of the paper, we also try to explain the role played by the graph attention mechanism in the model.
In the mirror of AI: what is creativity?
Authors: Leach Neil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMany discussions about AI seem to end up addessing the question of creativity. Can computers be considered creative? Or is it impossible for any entity to be considered creative if it does not possess consciousness? Are human beings so creative, for that matter? Indeed, what exactly is creativity itself? Might AI even offer us some insights into the actual nature of creativity? This paper explores what we can perhaps begin to understand about the nature of creativity in the mirror of AI, with a particular reference to the now famous Go match between AlphaGo and Lee Sedol. It argues that one particular famous move in that match sheds some light on some of the crucial questions regarding creativity. It goes on to ask the provocative question, as to whether creativity even exists, or whether it is simply a myth that can now be debunked, thanks to our insights from the world of AI.
Recurrent malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the male breast: A case report
Authors: Alharbi Ashwag , Algarzaei Bashayer , Alrashed Rema , Alhajri Khalid , Alghamdi Abdullah , Alkharashi Eyad , Yousef Hussam Bin , Alzoman Khalid 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the breast is a rare condition that typically occurs in middle-aged women. Its presentation in older men is extremely rare, and there is very little information about primary MFH of the male breast.

Presentation of case
We present the case of a 55-year-old Yemeni man who presented with recurrent MFH of the right breast. Computed tomography revealed a large heterogeneous solid soft tissue mass within the right breast region that measured 6.7 cm × 8.4 cm × 11.9 cm in size, without axillary lymph node involvement. He was treated with radical mastectomy, adjuvant radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The postoperative histopathological findings were indicative of grade 3 undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the breast.

Discussion
MFH originates from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Primary MFH of the breast is rare, and the most common sites are the limbs, trunk, retroperitoneum, bone, head, and neck. It has a high recurrence and metastasis rate, but lymph node involvement is not common. MFH is typically treated with surgery and radiotherapy, and the benefits of chemotherapy and routine axillary dissection are unclear.

Conclusion
MFH is an aggressive tumour with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Its differential diagnosis is mainly reliant on analysis of the histomorphological features of the tumour. The treatment plan should be based on the size of the tumour. Simple mastectomy with a wide margin and adjuvant radiotherapy is the most common strategy that has been found to be beneficial if no invasion to the muscle.

Highlights
Predictors of Male Sexual Dysfunction in Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (UCPPS), Other Chronic Pain Syndromes, and Healthy Controls in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network
Authors: Loh-Doyle Jeffrey C. , Stephens-Shields Alisa J. , Rolston Renee , Newcomb Craig , Taple Bayley , Sutcliffe Siobhan , Yang Claire C. , Lai Henry , Rodriguez Larissa V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSexual dysfunction (SD), including erectile (ED) and ejaculatory dysfunction, is associated with diminished quality of life (QoL) in men with UCPPS (chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and/or interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS)).AimWe sought to compare SD among male patients with UCPPS, other chronic pain conditions (positive controls, PC), and healthy controls (HC) without chronic pain, and to evaluate the association of comorbidities, psychosocial factors, and urologic factors of SD in all 3 groups.MethodsBaseline data from male UCPPS participants, PC (irritable bowel syndrome, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia) and HC enrolled in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network Epidemiology and Phenotyping Study were included in the analysis. Sexual function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function Domain (IIEFEF) and Ejaculatory Function Scale (EFS). Male ED was defined as a composite IIEF-EF score &lt;21. Higher EFS score indicated worse sexual dysfunction; no threshold to define SD was identified for the EFS. Multivariable logistic and linear regression was used to investigate associations of comorbidities, psychosocial factors, and urologic factors with ED and ejaculatory, respectively.OutcomesComorbidities, genital pain, and psychosocial factors are associated with SD across the study population and male patients with UCPPS had a high prevalence of ED and greater ejaculatory dysfunction.ResultsThere were 191 males with UCPPS; 44 PC; and 182 HC. Males with UCPPS had worse SD compared to PC and HC including lower mean IIEF-EF scores, greater degree of ejaculatory dysfunction, and lower quality of sexual relationships. Among all 3 cohorts, depression, stress, and pain were associated with ED in univariable and multivariable analysis, as was diabetes mellitus. Pain in the genitalia, severity of urinary symptoms, depression, stress, and history of childhood sexual trauma were associated with ejaculatory dysfunction in univariable and multivariable analysis.Clinical ImplicationsA multidisciplinary approach that addresses the identified risk factors for SD may improve overall QoL in males with UCPPS.Strengths and LimitationsOur study is strengthened by its use of validated, patient-reported questionnaires and inclusion of healthy and positive controls. Our understanding of the role of IC in this study is limited because only 1 patient in the study had IC/BPS as a sole diagnosis.ConclusionsWhen compared to healthy controls and patients with other chronic pain conditions, males with UCPPS experience higher degrees of SD, including erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction.