bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shining Mn4+ in 0D Organometallic Fluoride Hosts towards Highly Efficient Photoluminescence
Authors: Ming Hong , Zhao Yifei , Zhou Yayun , Molokeev Maxim S. , Wang Yuanjing , Zhang Shuai , Song Enhai , Ye Shi , Xia Zhiguo , Zhang Qinyuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe design and discovery of Mn4+‐activated fluoride phosphors that can secure both high luminescence efficiency and short fluorescence lifetime simultaneously are crucial and urgent for constructing high‐quality wide‐color gamut (WCG) backlight display applications. Herein, a series of brand‐new Mn4+‐activated narrow‐band red‐emitting phosphors with both high external quantum efficiency (EQE, >50%) and short fluorescence lifetime (τ ≤ 3.8 ms) are designed by introducing Mn4+ into newfound tetramethylammonium (Me4N)‐based organometallic fluoride (Me4N)2BF6 (B = Ge, Ti, Zr) hosts. These intriguing properties of Mn4+ arise from the larger steric hindrance of (Me4N)+ cations and low local structure symmetry in the 0D (Me4N)2BF6, as verified by the structural and spectral analyses. (Me4N)2GeF6:Mn4+, as a representative, shows a high EQE of ≈64.6% and a short lifetime of ≈3.78 ms. A prototype projector with superb performance is assembled by employing a remote (Me4N)2GeF6:Mn4+‐based white light‐emitting diode with high luminous efficiency (≈143.09 lm W−1) and WCG (≈112.02% National Television System Committee (NTSC)) to demonstrate their great potentials for backlight applications. The research brings up a promising alternative as the host materials for Mn4+‐doped fluoride phosphors and provides a deeper understanding on the correlation between structure and luminescence.
Achieving Photomultiplication in Dye‐Sensitized Narrowband Photodetectors by Electron Injection through a Thin Hole‐Transporting Layer
Authors: Zhang Qinglei , Feng Yi , Hu Jingtao , Su Xiaojun , Wang Hailong , Zheng Jiaxin , Xiong Shicheng , Xu Yucheng , Jiang Nianqiang , Liu Linlin , Xie Zengqi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNarrowband photodetectors (NBPDs) that response to light with specific wavelength are attractive in imaging fields. Organic materials meet the demand of NBPDs well as active layer due to their tunable and the narrowband‐absorption properties. However, the responsivity is generally low caused by the hard exciton diffusion as well as severe recombination. Herein, a narrowband‐absorption BODIPY dye is synthetized and applied in vertical‐structural NBPDs as sensitizer bonding with the mesoporous titanium dioxide (mp‐TiO2). The close bonding between BODIPY dyes and mp‐TiO2 effectively enhances the dissociation of excitons. Importantly, the NBPDs present high photomultiplication, the first observation in such dye‐sensitized devices, which is due to the electron injection induced by a thin layer of Spiro‐OMeTAD covered on the hump parts of mp‐TiO2. The NBPDs exhibit high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 534% at 510 nm with a full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of 45 nm, a low dark current of 7.0 × 10‐5 mA cm‐2, and a high detectivity (D*) of 1.5 × 1013 cm Hz1/2 W‐1 (Jones) at −3 V. Besides, the devices own response speed within several milliseconds and excellent stability. The work proposes a strategy to fabricate photomultiplication‐type NBPDs by using intrinsic narrowband‐absorption dyes as active layer.
Spectroscopy and Structural Investigation of Iron Phosphorus Trisulfide—FePS3
Authors: Budniak Adam K. , Zelewski Szymon J. , Birowska Magdalena , Woźniak Tomasz , Bendikov Tatyana , Kauffmann Yaron , Amouyal Yaron , Kudrawiec Robert , Lifshitz Efrat 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLamellar structures of transition metal phosphorus trisulfides possess strong intralayer bonding, albeit adjacent layers are held by weak van der Waals interactions. Those compounds received enormous interest due to their unique combination of optical and long‐range magnetic properties. Among them, iron phosphorus trisulfide (FePS3) gathered special attention for being a semiconductor with an absorption edge in the near‐infrared, as well as showing an Ising‐like anti‐ferromagnetism. A successful growth of centimeter size bulk FePS3 crystals with a chemical yield above 70% is reported, whose crystallographic structure and composition are carefully identified by advanced electron microscopy methodologies, including atomic resolution elemental mapping, along with photoelectron spectroscopy. The knowledge on the optical activity of FePS3 is extended utilizing temperature‐dependent absorption and photoacoustic spectroscopies, while measurements are corroborated with density‐functional theory calculations. Temperature‐dependent experiments show a small and monotonic band‐edge energy shift down to 115 K and expose the interconnected importance of electron‐phonon coupling. Most of all, the correlation between the optical behavior and the magnetic phase transition is revealed, which shows the practical utilization of temperature‐dependent optical absorption to investigate magnetic interactions.
Thermo‐ and Mechano‐Triggered Luminescence ON/OFF Switching by Supercooled Liquid/Crystal Transition of Platinum(II) Complex Thin Films
Authors: Yoshida Masaki , Sääsk Verner , Saito Daisuke , Yoshimura Nobutaka , Takayama Junichi , Hiura Satoshi , Murayama Akihiro , Põhako‐Esko Kaija , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTrihexyltetradecylphosphonium (P6,6,6,14) salts of luminescent anionic Pt(II) complexes, (P6,6,6,14)[PtX2(ppy)] (X = Cl‐, Br‐; ppy = 2‐phenylpyridinate), are synthesized and photofunctional thin films with crystal/liquid bi‐stability are fabricated. In particular, the chloride complex provides a thin film exhibiting thermo‐ and mechano‐triggered luminescence ON/OFF switching at ambient temperature, which is based on the control of the supercooled liquid phase and bright luminescent crystalline phase. The photophysical properties of the complexes are investigated and compared with those of the bromide complex and tetra(n‐butyl)ammonium salts of the complexes. Furthermore, detailed photophysical analysis reveals a large contribution of the charge‐transfer character to the ligand‐centered 3π π* excited state, which results in intense phosphorescence in the crystal and high‐contrast luminescence ON/OFF by the phase transition of the chloride complex.
New Opportunity: Machine Learning for Polymer Materials Design and Discovery
Authors: Xu Pengcheng , Chen Huimin , Li Minjie , Lu Wencong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnder the guidance of the material genome initiative (MGI), the use of data‐driven methods to discover new materials has become an innovation of materials science. The polymer materials have been one of the most important parts in materials science for the excellent physical and chemical properties as well as corresponding complex structures. Machine learning, as the core of data‐driven methods, has taken an important place in polymer materials design and discovery. In this review, the authors have introduced the applications of machine learning in the design and discovery of polymer materials. The development tendency of published papers about machine learning in polymer materials, the commonly used algorithms, the polymer descriptors, the workflow of machine learning in polymer materials, and recent progresses of machine learning in materials are summarized. Then, the detail of how to use machine learning to assist design and discovery of polymer materials is fully discussed combined with two cases. Finally, the opportunities and challenges on the future development prospects of machine learning in the field of polymer materials are proposed.
Ocular Nanomedicine
Authors: Tang Zhimin , Fan Xianqun , Chen Yu , Gu Ping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntrinsic shortcomings associated with conventional therapeutic strategies often compromise treatment efficacy in clinical ophthalmology, prompting the rapid development of versatile alternatives for satisfactory diagnostics and therapeutics. Given advances in material science, nanochemistry, and nanobiotechnology, a broad spectrum of functional nanosystems has been explored to satisfy the extensive requirements of ophthalmologic applications. In the present review, the recent progress in nanosystems, both conventional and emerging nanomaterials in ophthalmology from state‐of‐the‐art studies, are comprehensively examined and the role of their fundamental physicochemical properties in bioavailability, tissue penetration, biodistribution, and elimination after interacting with the ophthalmologic microenvironment emphasized. Furthermore, along with the development of surface engineering of nanomaterials, emerging theranostic methodologies are promoted as potential alternatives for multipurpose ocular applications, such as emerging biomimetic ophthalmology (e.g., smart electrochemical eye), thus provoking a holistic review of “ocular nanomedicine.” By affording insight into challenges encountered by ocular nanomedicine and further highlighting the direction of future studies, this review provides an incentive for enriching ocular nanomedicine‐based fundamental research and future clinical translation.
Sub‐Zero Temperature Sensor Based on Laser‐Written Carbon
Authors: Baek Seungho , Kim Junil , Pujar Pavan , Kwon Hyuk‐Jun , Kim Sunkook , Gandla Srinivas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSub‐zero temperature sensors (SZTSs) have potential applications in safely storing COVID‐19 vaccines. Herein, an SZTS based on laser‐induced carbonization (LIC) achieved by a nanosecond infrared laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm is reported. Direct laser writing is adopted for laser‐induced carbon in Kapton polyimide sheets with a thickness of 125 µm. The sensor exhibits a good linear change in resistance to sub‐zero temperatures ranging from 0 to −150 °C, where the coefficient of determination adjusted R‐square (R2) value is 0.99238, which indicates a good linear fit. The sensor exhibits a stable static response at all temperatures over time. The dynamic responses by controlling the liquid nitrogen gas and placing an ice cube on the sensor are also measured to validate the sensor. Notably, the electrical performance of the sensor remains stable even after 15 h. The sensor response of the LIC sample validates the 3D variable range‐hopping charge transport mechanism, governed by the Mott equation with a good linear fit, which is mainly owing to disorder in its structure. LIC‐based SZTSs can enable sensors that are ultra‐fast to fabricate, roll‐to‐roll processable, economical, and more significantly, can be interfaced with flexible printed circuit boards without any additional interfacing.
Clinical impact of atrophic changes in remnant pancreas on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Yamamura Kensuke , Yamashita Yo‐ichi , Yamao Takanobu , Kitano Yuki , Arima Kota , Miyata Tatsunori , Higashi Takaaki , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Beppu Toru , Baba Hideo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), with a special focus on remnant pancreatic volume (RPV) as assessed using computed tomography (CT).MethodsFrom February 2004 to June 2017, 101 patients who underwent PD in our institution were enrolled. We defined a CT attenuation value of less than 40 HU as hepatic steatosis and measured RPV at 7 days, 3 months, and 1 year after PD using the SYNAPSE VINCENT system. The incidence of NAFLD and RPV were compared between the two groups according to reconstruction with pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) or pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ).ResultsThe incidence of NAFLD at 3 months after PD was 39.6% (40/101). The RPV ratio (RPV at 3 months or 1 year divided by RPV at 7 days after PD) at both 3 months and 1 year was significantly smaller in the PG group than in the PJ group (59% vs 73%, P < .001 and 53% vs 67% P < .01, respectively). A positive correlation between the RPV ratio and liver CT value at 3 months was found. The multivariate analysis identified three independent risk factors for NAFLD: female sex (odds ratio [OR] 8.16, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.27‐35.9, P < .001), PG reconstruction (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.04‐15.6, P = .04), and RPV ratio ≤60% (OR 3.44, 95% CI 1.06‐11.8, P = .001).ConclusionAtrophic change in the remnant pancreas is significantly associated with the development of NAFLD, and PJ reconstruction may be superior to PG from the viewpoint of NAFLD development.
Significance of osteopenia in elderly patients undergoing emergency gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Takano Yasuhiro , Tsukihara Shu , Kai Wataru , Ito Daisuke , Kanno Hironori , Son Kyonsu , Hanyu Nobuyoshi , Eto Ken 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimFrailty assessment in elderly patients is crucial to predict the postoperative course, considering that frailty is highly associated with postoperative complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of osteopenia as a risk factor for severe postoperative complications in elderly patients who underwent emergency gastrointestinal surgery.MethodsThis study comprised 103 elderly patients who underwent emergency gastrointestinal surgery. Osteopenia was diagnosed by measuring bone mineral density, which was calculated as the average pixel density in the midvertebral core at the 11th thoracic vertebra on the preoperative plain computed tomography image. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between preoperative osteopenia and severe postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo classification ≥III). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the risk factors for severe postoperative complications.ResultsTwenty‐three patients (22.3%) developed severe postoperative complications. The optimal cutoff value of bone mineral density for severe postoperative complications was 119.5 Hounsfield unit (HU) and 39 patients (37.9%) were diagnosed with osteopenia. The univariate analysis revealed that the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status of ≥3 (P = .0084), hemoglobin levels (P = .0026), albumin levels (P < .001), sarcopenia (P = .015), and osteopenia (P < .001) were significantly associated with severe postoperative complications. The multivariate analysis showed that osteopenia (P = .014) was an independent risk factor for severe postoperative complications.ConclusionOsteopenia may be a risk factor for severe postoperative complications in elderly patients after emergency gastrointestinal surgery.
Implementation of a Teleneurology Clinic in Zambia during the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Asukile Melody , Chishimba Lorraine , Chomba Mashina , Mataa Moses , Mutete Frighton , Mwendaweli Naluca , Yumbe Kunda , Zimba Stanley , Habanyama Gloria , Shampile Sydney , Makupe Alex , Saylor Deanna 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and benefits of a teleneurology clinic serving adults usually attending a neurology outpatient clinic in Lusaka, Zambia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.MethodsTelevisits were offered to patients scheduled for neurology appointments between March and July 2020 using the telephone, WhatsApp video, or Zoom calls based on patient accessibility. Visit outcomes were documented, and patient and neurologist satisfaction surveys were completed.ResultsOf 323 patients, 195 (60%) were reachable by telephone, 179 of these were alive, and 74% (133/179) of those alive agreed to a televisit. Stroke (30%), seizures (20%), and headache (16%) were the most common diagnoses seen via televisit. Most televisits (80%) were by telephone call, 14% by WhatsApp video call, and 6% by Zoom. Nearly one‐third (30%) of the patients were stable and discharged from the clinic, 32% only required medication refills, and 19% required an in‐person visit. Sixty patients (out of 85 reachable and 71% response rate) and 7 of 9 neurologists (78% response rate) completed satisfaction surveys. Neurologists reported greater assessment confidence with Zoom, but confidence was high for all modalities. Patients preferring televisits (75%, 45/60) noted reduced expense and time requirements, whereas those preferring in‐person visits (22%, 13/60) cited the desire for physical examinations. Overall, 98% of patients and 100% of neurologists were satisfied with televisits.InterpretationTeleneurology visits were acceptable and feasible for adults attending an outpatient neurology clinic in Zambia and their neurologists. They offer a promising supplement to in‐person visits in resource‐limited settings, even when video‐conference capabilities and electronic medical records are absent. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:445–454
Probabilistic Mapping Reveals Optimal Stimulation Site in Essential Tremor
Authors: Nowacki Andreas , Barlatey Sabry , Al‐Fatly Bassam , Dembek Till , Bot Maarten , Green Alexander L. , Kübler Dorothee , Lachenmayer M. Lenard , Debove Ines , Segura‐Amil Alba , Horn Andreas , Visser‐Vandewalle Veerle , Schuurman Rick , Barbe Michael , Aziz Tipu Z. , Kühn Andrea A. , Nguyen T. A. Khoa , Pollo Claudio 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to obtain individual clinical and neuroimaging data of patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor (ET) from 5 different European centers to identify predictors of outcome and to identify an optimal stimulation site.MethodsWe analyzed retrospectively baseline covariates, pre‐ and postoperative clinical tremor scores (for 12 months) as well as individual imaging data from 119 patients to obtain individual electrode positions and stimulation volumes. Individual imaging and clinical data were used to calculate a probabilistic stimulation map in normalized space using voxel‐wise statistical analysis. Finally, we used this map to train a classifier to predict tremor improvement.ResultsProbabilistic mapping of stimulation effects yielded a statistically significant cluster that was associated with a tremor improvement >50%. This cluster of optimal stimulation extended from the posterior subthalamic area to the ventralis intermedius nucleus and coincided with a normative structural connectivity‐based cerebellothalamic tract (CTT). The combined features “distance between the stimulation volume and the significant cluster” and “CTT activation” were used as a predictor of tremor improvement. This correctly classified a >50% tremor improvement with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 57%.InterpretationOur multicenter ET probabilistic stimulation map identified an area of optimal stimulation along the course of the CTT. The results of this study are mainly descriptive until confirmed in independent datasets, ideally through prospective testing. This target will be made openly available and may be used to guide surgical planning and for computer‐assisted programming of DBS in the future. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:602–612
Optical Excitation of Ultra‐Relativistic Partially Stripped Ions
Authors: Bieroń Jacek , Krasny Mieczyslaw Witold , Płaczek Wiesław , Pustelny Szymon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Gamma Factory (GF) initiative aims at the construction of a unique experimental tool exploiting resonant interaction of light with ultra‐relativistic partially stripped ions (PSI) stored in circular accelerators at CERN. Resonant excitation of high‐energy electronic transitions in the ions is achieved through Doppler‐boosting (by twice the Lorentz factor; from hundred to several thousand times) of light energy. In order to efficiently excite the ions, and hence generate intense beams of scattered/fluorescent photons, a detailed knowledge of the ions' electronic energy structure and the dynamics of optical excitation is required. Spectroscopic properties of PSI selected for the GF operation, as well as their optical excitation schemes, are investigated. Two regimes of the ion–light interaction are identified, leading to different dynamics of the excitation. The efficiency of the ion–light interaction, as well as the number of photons emitted from a single ion bunch, are estimated, both analytically and numerically, for three ions considered for the GF, that is, Li‐like Pb79 + , Li‐like Ca17 + , and H‐like Pb81 + .
Rapid and Controlled Polymerization of Bio‐sourced δ‐Caprolactone toward Fully Recyclable Polyesters and Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Li Changjian , Wang Liying , Yan Qin , Liu Fusheng , Shen Yong , Li Zhibo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of chemically recyclable polymers presents the most appealing solution to address the plastics’ end‐of‐use problem. Despite the recent advancements, it is highly desirable to develop chemically recyclable polymers from commercially available monomers to avoid the costly and time‐consuming commercialization. In this contribution, we achieve the controlled ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of bio‐sourced δ‐caprolactone (δCL) using strong base/urea binary catalysts. The obtained PδCL is capable of chemical recycling to δCL in an almost quantitative yield by thermolysis. Sequential ROP of δCL and l‐lactide (l‐LA) affords well‐defined PLLA‐b‐PδCL‐b‐PLLA triblock copolymers, which behave as thermoplastic elastomers with excellent elastic recovery, tensile strength and ultimate elongation. The upcycling of PLLA‐b‐PδCL‐b‐PLLA to recover ethyl lactate and δCL with high yields is achieved by refluxing with ethanol and then distillation under reduced pressure.
Rigidity of plasticizers and their miscibility in silica‐filled polybutadiene rubber by broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Lindemann Niclas , Finger Sebastian , Karimi‐Varzaneh Hossein Ali , Lacayo‐Pineda Jorge 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn efficient use of plasticizers in rubber compounds requires an understanding of their miscibility behavior. Besides the chemical properties of both rubber and plasticizer, the rigidity of the plasticizer plays an important role for their miscibility. The miscibility is investigated here using the glass transition measured by differential scanning calorimetry and broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS). Additionally, the interfacial relaxation and phase separation measured by BDS are confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. While the flexible plasticizer, poly‐(α‐methylstyrene), stays miscible in a silica‐filled polybutadiene rubber compound, the more rigid plasticizer, indene‐coumarone (IC), shows a phase separation at high concentrations. The phase‐separated IC tends to accumulate at the silica surface.
Stereolithography of (meth)acrylate‐based photocurable resin: Thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Zirak Nader , Shirinbayan Mohammadali , Benfriha Khaled , Deligant Michael , Tcharkhtchi Abbas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) has attracted a lot of attention in the industry and studies due to the ability to fabricate parts in different sizes and shapes along with economic costs. Among the different three‐dimensional (3D) printing methods, stereolithography (SLA) is becoming an important method. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of different sub‐build orientations of an acrylate‐based 3D printing SLA rapid‐prototyping photosensitive resin concerning UV and thermal post‐curing on the thermal and mechanical properties. Key role of polymerization as a determining factor in the final mechanical and thermal properties was shown. The results indicate turning the mechanical properties of cured resin by different sub‐build orientations. Furthermore, post‐curing process was performed in order to complete the curing of unreacted monomers. The results show the important effect of thermal post‐curing on the mechanical properties. In addition, a polymerization up to 98% for thermal curing at 80°C was achieved. In addition, the maximum tensile strength for the maximum amount of polymerization was for sub‐building orientation of 45°, 0°, and 90°.