bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-utility analysis of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as add-on therapy to standard care for the treatment of hallucinations in schizophrenia
Authors: Hendriks Lauren , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Le Long Khanh-Dao , Loo Colleen , Chatterton Mary Lou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis research evaluates the cost-effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as add-on therapy to standard care for adults with schizophrenia from an Australian health system perspective.MethodsA Markov model estimated costs in 2021 Australian dollars and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) averted with rTMS added to standard care compared to standard care alone over 12-months for adults aged 25–65 years with hallucinations in schizophrenia refractory to other therapies. rTMS effect size was sourced from a meta-analysis and converted to a relative risk using the Cochrane conversion method. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis evaluated uncertainty in effect size and disability weights. One-way sensitivity analyses varied rTMS session cost and effectiveness, time horizon and inpatient costs.ResultsThe base-case average incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $87,310/DALY averted (95% UI: $10,157–$97,877). Reducing rTMS session cost to $100 lowered the ICER to $9,127/DALY (95% UI: Dominant–$50,699). A 4-year time horizon resulted in rTMS being less costly and more effective (Dominant) than standard care. Decreasing the 3-month probability of relapse with rTMS to 4.6% resulted in a 71% probability of rTMS being cost-effective.ConclusionsUsing a threshold of $50,000/ DALY averted, rTMS as add-on therapy to standard care for the treatment of refractory hallucinations in schizophrenia would not be considered a cost-effective treatment option compared to standard care alone. However, given the refractory nature of this condition and the relatively small size of this population, it may be reasonable for decision-makers to adopt a higher ICER threshold.
Field programmable gate array implementation of an intelligent soft calibration technique for linear variable differential transformers
Authors: Venkata Santhosh Krishnan , Roy Binoy Krishna , Mohanty Preeti 
Published: March 2022

Background: Displacement is often used as an indirect indicator for monitoring multiple parameters, i.e. force, velocity, acceleration, and weight, making it an important variable for the measurement and control of processes. Sensors such as Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) play a primary role in the design of any displacement measuring instrument. Calibration of an instrument is carried out to produce accurate results from the measuring instrument. Methods: The objective of this study is to calibrate the output of LVDT by designing a signal conditioning circuit so as to extend the linearity range of the sensor to 100% of the full scale input range, and also allows the measurement technique to adapt to variations in the physical parameters of the LVDT, the supply frequency, and the temperature. An optimized neural network is trained to produce linear and adaptive output from the raw data obtained from LVDT. Optimization is achieved by choosing the best neural network algorithm, number of hidden layers and transfer function of neurons which produce the least mean square error. The optimized neural network algorithm is implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip for testing and validation in real life. Results: Experimental results show that the proposed technique was able to extend the linearity of LVDT and make the output adaptive for variations in physical parameters of LVDT, supply frequency and temperature. Conclusions: Accurate measurement of displacement is essential in many process applications, and a good calibration technique is required to produce accurate measurement. The presented calibration technique using optimized neural network algorithms has produced reliable measurements as desired.
Functioning problems associated with conditions with greatest disease burden in South Africa and Zimbabwe: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Charumbira Maria Yvonne , Berner Karina , Louw Quinette A. 
Published: March 2022

Background: A notable rise in health-related disability for which evidence-based rehabilitation is beneficial is evident in low-to-middle income countries. This scoping review aims to summarize and synthesize the status of peer-reviewed literature regarding the most common functioning problems associated with health conditions that contribute most to disability in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Methods: The scoping review will be conducted according to the framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley and corresponding guidance contained in the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual. Peer-reviewed studies of all designs published from January 2006 onwards will be systematically searched from five databases. Studies reporting on functioning problems (impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions) in South African and Zimbabwean adults (>18 years) related to the top 10 health conditions contributing most to years lived with disability in South Africa and Zimbabwe according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 will be included. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts and chart data. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework will be used to map identified functioning problems. A narrative approach will be used to synthesize results. Discussion: This scoping review will provide a comprehensive mapping of functioning problems affecting adults in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Understanding the local rehabilitation needs may be a first step in strengthening primary care rehabilitation in low-resource settings. Registration: This scoping review protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/FJM7W) on 31/12/2020.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C – case study
Authors: Sierpińska Lidia , Jaworski Sebastian 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. In Poland, approximately 2% of the total population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (estimated at 730,000 people). HCV is an etiologic factor of chronic hepatitis C. Hepatitis C is a chronic disease which, when untreated, may lead to cirrhosis of the liver and/or primary liver cancer.
Objective. The aim of the study was analysis of the personal medical history of a patient with hepatocellular cancer from the aspect of infection with HCV.
Material and Method. A case of a 63-year-old patient is presented with the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Carcinoma hepatocellulare), who had undergone the procedure of thermal ablation of the pathological change in the liver. The patient was treated with chemotherapy on a daily basis; anti-HCV antibodies were detected. The research method was a retrospective case study; the technique – analysis of records (internal documentation of the Regional Hospital in Pionki, Poland; while the research tools – medical history with the results of diagnostic tests, the VAS scale and the Glasgow scale.
Results. Based on internal documentation of the hospital a case of a patient was described with severe abdominal pain due to hepatocellular carcinoma, who had been previously diagnosed with HCV infection. Physical examination was presented, as well as epidemiological interview, medical history, the course of diagnostics and treatment of the patient qualified for further ambulatory treatment in the oncology outpatient clinic.
Conclusions. Screening examinations are indicted for an early detection of the presence of anti-HCV antibodies. An early diagnosis of infection with HCV, and implementation of antiviral treatment may prevent the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ewentualna przydatność procedur uniwersalnych w pracy z grupami podwyższonego ryzyka. Na przykładzie recepcji programu profilaktycznego „Smak życia, czyli debata o dopalaczach”
Authors: Wojcieszek Krzysztof A. 
Published: March 2022

Researchers of the behavior of adolescents from the so-called high-risk groups suggest that due to the high level of problem behaviors (e.g. drinking alcohol, smoking, drug use, violence) the most appropriate preventive work is the harm reduction approach, especially in the case of borderline behaviors such as alcohol use (Pisarska, Bobrowski, Greń, Ostaszewski, 2019: 343). Applying this type of strategy to illegal behavior such as drug use, especially NPS (the so-called legal highs) seems to be a bit more problematic.
Meanwhile, the results of research on the reception (process evaluation) of the “Taste of Life Debate” preventive program scenario indicate that selected universal procedures, intended for young people with an average level of risk, can be successfully used in work with young people at risk, as long as they relate to behavior that is not normative in the social sense (such as using NPS). The work is a short comparison of evaluation results in the universal group and in the high-risk group.
Migration Processes in the European Union and Application of Simulation to study them
Authors: Evdokimov Dmitry 
Published: March 2022

Migration processes occur in virtually every state, and they are facilitated by various events that entail a change of residence. Developed countries generally face an uncontrolled influx of migrants, and in less developed countries, the outflow of the local population leads to a sharp deterioration in the socio-economic situation. There are several types of migration, all of which are closely related to many factors – the most obvious are: military conflicts, poverty, social inequality, dictatorial regime, overpopulation. From 2015 on, this problem in the EU countries has become threatening. The destabilization of the situation and the confrontation of the warring parties in the Middle East led to a massive outflow of the local population to the EU countries with the most favorable social conditions and maximum support for migrants. The choice of migrants fell mainly on Germany, Austria, Sweden, Italy. These processes have become difficult to control. To improve the situation, it is necessary to develop new mechanisms for regulating and stabilizing migration processes, otherwise, uncontrolled migration might lead to even greater shocks in the socio-economic system of the European Union and the formation of more complex crises. In the context of global digitalization, software analytical tools could become an auxiliary means for studying, analyzing and forecasting migration processes. This article provides a statistical analysis of the main indicators of migration to European countries, formulates the reasons for its occurrence, and considers examples of simulation models created to study various aspects related to population movements.
A música como estratégia de promoção de saúde mental entre estudantes universitários
Authors: Silva Lycélia da Silva Oliveira Silva , Nazaré Eliany Nazaré Oliveira Nazaré , Pires Marcos Pires Campos Pires , Vasconcelos Natasha Vasconcelos Sobrinho Vasconcelos , Aragão Heliandra Linhares , França Sabrina Silva 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: O trabalho objetiva relatar uma atividade coletiva, com ênfase na saúde mental, realizada com estudantes universitários. Métodos: A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, de caráter qualitativo, realizado na Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú. A atividade foi realizada durante julho a agosto de 2018 e aplicada nos diferentes campis de ensino da instituição. Resultados: A atividade consistiu inicialmente na escuta de diferentes estilos musicais, possibilitando estarem atentas as mensagens transmitidas nas letras, e estimulando que fizessem associação com a realidade vivenciada na universidade. Na atividade também foram trabalhadas a memória musical afetiva dos estudantes, a reflexão corporal e o relaxamento provocado pela sonoridade musical. Posteriormente foi realizada uma roda de conversa com os estudantes, que ao final da atividade relatavam terem vivenciado algo inovador na universidade e que as músicas estimularam o relaxamento, saindo do encontro mais leves e menos estressados. As letras proporcionaram reflexões significativas sobre a vivência acadêmica e sobre as diferentes realidades apresentadas pelos estudantes, pois transmitiam uma mensagem positiva sobre as pessoas, as oportunidades, e sobre a importância de viver cada dia de forma intensa, valorizando os momentos. Considerações Finais: Dessa forma, destaca-se a importância de valorizar a utilização dos elementos musicais como recursos para a realização de estratégias de cuidado.
A CAPES e o financiamento da formação do médico pesquisador
Authors: Piotto Hayslla Boaventura , CALABRÓ LUCIANA 
Published: March 2022

Esse artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar o Programa de Bolsa Especial - Doutorado em Pesquisa Médica como uma política pública de alcance nacional, fomentada pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, para fortalecimento do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação. Essa ação traz uma estrutura formativa que teve início nos Estados Unidos e chegou ao Brasil por volta de 19958:26, o Programa de Treinamento em Pesquisa Médica. Trata-se de um currículo acadêmico diferenciado que vincula o treinamento científico ao currículo dos alunos de medicina durante a graduação. A partir de 2008 iniciou-se o financiamento dessa metodologia diferenciada da formação médica, que visa “estimular a produção acadêmica e a formação de pesquisadores, em nível de doutorado, por meio de financiamento específico”12. Para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho, como método, foram manipulados dados oficiais concedidos pela fundação pública financiadora do programa, associados a consultas na Plataforma Sucupira. E nos resultados, são apresentados levantamentos sobre a execução dessa política pública, abordando questões de investimento e difusão pelo território Nacional. Como conclusão, foi possível destacar o robusto investimento e empenho da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior para fortalecer a pós-graduação médica do país, bem como, foi possível observar um espelhamento da assimetria regional do Sistema Nacional de Pós-Graduação, com a concentração de médicos doutores titulados nas macrorregiões Sul e Sudeste.
INFLUENCE OF BIMETALLIC COMPLEXES GERMANY (IV) AS MODIFIERS OF UNSATURATED OLIGOESTER ON THE KINETICS OF ITS COPOLYMERIZATION WITH METHYLMETHACRYLATE
Authors: Kiose O. O. , Savin S.M. , Seifullina I. Y. , Martsinko O. E. , Chebanenko O.A. 
Published: March 2022

The possibility of using a number of bimetallic complexes of germanium (IV) - zinc / cobalt (II) / nickel (II) / cuprum (II) with hydroxycarboxylic acids as modifiers of unsaturated oligoester in the processes of its copolymerization with methyl methacrylate has been investigated. The modification was carried out by adding the corresponding complex to the reaction mixture during the polycondensation of maleic and phthalic anhydride with ethylene glycol at 175 °C. The kinetics of copolymerization at the initial stages was studied by dilatometry at temperatures from 50 °C to 60 °C. It has been shown that the modified polyglycolmalenatephthalate with the studied complexes can significantly increase the rate and reduce the temperature coefficient of the reaction during its copolymerization with methyl methacrylate. The advantages of the studied coordination compounds as modifiers in comparison with unmodified systems and 1,10-phenanthroline have been proved. The effect of the modifier (1,10-phenanthroline), depending on its content in the modified polyglycolmalenatephthalate, on the kinetic characteristics of copolymerization with methylmethacrylate in the range from 0 to 0.5 mol/L was investigated. The calculations of the influence of the temperature coefficient of reaction on the maximum allowable diameter on the example of a spherical sample when reaching a critical temperature of 90 0C for non-isotremic copolymerization processes. Physico-mechanical characteristics have been studied and it has been shown that the addition of a modifier does not significantly change them. In addition, germanium (IV) compounds retain a higher oxidation state, which makes it possible to use the finished polymer product as a biological material for special purposes. The proposed methods can be used to improve the characteristics of semi-finished products in the industrial production of copolymer products without significant changes in the technological process.
Are Standard COVID-19 Isolation Protocols Appropriate in Haemodialysis Units? A Description of a Novel SARSCoV-2 Coronavirus Outbreak in a Haemodialysis Unit in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Davies M. , Cassimjee Z. , Chiba S. , Dayal C. , Motala N. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Recipients of outpatient haemodialysis are at an increased risk of acquiring severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Isolation of infected patients reduces in-centre transmission, but protocols extrapolated from the general population may not be applicable in this setting. We describe the kinetics of an outbreak in a tertiary dialysis centre in Johannesburg, South Africa, to suggest an appropriate isolation strategy.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of a clinical database employed to facilitate isolation of exposed and infected patients was undertaken. Modes of transmission, incubation and recovery periods in patients developing SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed. The effects of factors modulating immune function on incubation and recovery periods were modelled using sigma-restricted partial least squares linear regression. Severity of infection and the outcomes thereof were described to assess the efficacy of the isolation protocols employed.
Results: SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed in 24.7% of patients receiving outpatient haemodialysis. Contact with an infected healthcare worker was the leading indication for surveillance swabbing in this cohort (49.12%). Forty per cent of all positive cases had antecedent contact with an infected healthcare worker, and possible patient-to-patient transmission occurred in one case. The median time to the diagnosis of infection following known exposure was 16.5 days. Comorbid diabetes and increasing dialysis vintage were associated with a shorter incubation period. The median time to clearance of infection was 33.5 days. The clinical disease severity prolonged the recovery period. No patient required mechanical ventilation, and there were no deaths during the study period.
Conclusion: Haemodialysis patients manifest prolonged incubation and recovery periods. Serial monitoring with RT-PCR swabs may be required to ensure effective isolation.
Adaptation of EORTC QLQ-INFO25 Questionnaire to Turkish in Cancer Patients: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Çakır Pınar Atak , KALLİ Büşra , MUTLUAY Fatma , ETİ Serkan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life (QL) Group has developed the EORTC INFO module to evaluate information received by cancer patients. The aim of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 scale.
Methods
Turkish version of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25, EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC IN-PATSAT32 questionnaires were applied to 197 patients at different stages of the disease and in the chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery stages of the treatment. For the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha, inter- scale correlation and factor analysis were used.
Results
As a result of validity analysis; according to factor analysis findings, the explained variance of the scale was found to be sufficient with 66.68%. As a result of reliability analysis, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.92 for the entire questionnaire, which showed that the reliability of the scale was high. The correlation of each item with its own scale (Rho ≥ 0.6) represents a high convergent validity. The selected questions of EORTC IN-PATSAT32 and Pearson correlation coefficients between the 4 determined areas and 2 items of EORTC QLQ-INFO25 showed high convergent validity. Low correlation (Spearman Rho < 0.2) was found between the EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire and the different areas of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 questionnaire, indicating that the two questionnaires measured different concepts.
Conclusions
It was determined that the Turkish version of the EORTC QLQ-INFO25 scale is a valid, reliable tool for measuring the knowledge level of cancer patients and can be used in Turkish society.
The relationship between genetic variation of genes in RLR-MAVS and cGAS-STING signaling pathway and other genes with HBV intrauterine transmission
Authors: Liu Suihan , Wu Rufang , Peng Songxu , Zhang Xukuan , Du Yukai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus is a major public health problem worldwide. The genetic susceptibility of HBV intrauterine transmission has also attracted extensive attention from researchers. We explored the relationship between genetic variation of genes in RLR-MAVS and cGAS-STING signaling pathway and other genes with intrauterine transmission.
Methods
A case-control study was performed on HBsAg-positive pregnant women who delivered from January 2013 to August 2017 at Wuhan Medical Care Center for Women and Children, Wuhan, China. In total, 1356 infants born from those women were included, and there were 107 infants with HBV intrauterine infection. RLR-MAVS and cGAS-STING signaling pathway-related genes and IL10, IL12A, IL12B, TLR3, TLR9, TNFSF14 were selected as candidates. MassARRAY gene detection system was used for genotyping. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression, cumulative effect analysis, and multifactor dimensionality reduction were used for statistical analysis.
Result
The risk of HBV intrauterine transmission in infants with rs28413168 CC/CG genotype in INTS10 gene increased by 100% compared with those with GG genotype, and GG/AG genotype in MB21D1 gene was significantly lower than that in infants with AA genotype. Compared with the rs1800872 CC genotype in IL10 gene, the risk of HBV intrauterine transmission in infants with AA genotype was significantly increased. Compared with the rs3775291 CT/CC genotype in TLR3 gene, infants with TT genotype had significantly increased risk of HBV intrauterine transmission. The risk of HBV intrauterine transmission in infants with 5–8 risk alleles was 4.34 times higher than that in those with 0–2 risk alleles after adjustment for the age of delivery, parity, HBeAg, HBV DNA.
Conclusions
The genetic polymorphisms of INTS10 rs28413168, MB21D1 rs311678, IL10 rs1800872, TLR3 rs3775291 are closely related to the susceptibility of HBV intrauterine transmission. The more risk alleles an infant carries, the higher the risk of HBV intrauterine transmission.
Piezoelectric inkjet printing of tyrosinase (polyphenol oxidase) enzyme on atmospheric plasma treated polyamide fabric
Authors: Biswas Tuser T. , Yu Junchun , Nierstrasz Vincent A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tyrosinase enzyme was digitally printed on plasma pretreated polyamide-6,6 fabric using several sustainable technologies. Ink containing carboxymethyl cellulose was found to be the most suitable viscosity modifier for this enzyme. Before and after being deposited on the fabric surface, the printed inks retained enzyme activity of 69% and 60%, respectively, compared to activity prior printing process. A good number of the printed enzyme was found to be strongly adsorbed on the fabric surface even after several rinsing cycles due to surface activation by plasma treatment. Rinsed out fabrics retained a maximum activity of 34% resulting from the well-adsorbed enzymes. The activity of tyrosinase on printed fabrics was more stable than ink solution for at least sixty days. Effects of pH, temperature and enzyme kinetics on ink solution and printed fabrics were assessed. Tyrosinase printed synthetic fabrics can be utilized for a range of applications from biosensing and wastewater treatment to cultural heritage works.