bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between self-disorders (SDS) and depressive/anxious symptoms in a clinical sample of adolescents
Authors: Monducci E. , Colafrancesco G. , Battaglia C. , Masini E. , De Vita G. , Ferrara M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSelf-disorders (SDs) have been described as a core feature of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Previous studies conducted on heterogeneous clinical adult and adolescents samples demonstrated that SDs aggregate selectively in the schizophrenia spectrum disorders compared to other disorders.ObjectivesTo examine the specificity of SDs for schizophrenia spectrum disorders in adolescent inpatient sample.MethodsFifty-five adolescent inpatients admitted to the Child Psychiatry Unit at the Sapienza University in Rome were assessed for psychopathology using Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL), Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS/SOPS),Examination of Anomalous Self-Experiences (EASE), Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia (CDSS)ResultsPatients, aged 14-18 years, were divided in four diagnostic groups: schizophrenia spectrum disorders (5 pts.), mood disorders (19 pts.), anxiety disorders (27 pts.) and other disorders (4 pts.). Frequency of self-disorders was different among the 4 groups. Including patients schizotypal personality disorder in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorder group, the difference is still significant. Mann-Whitney U test shows no differences between EOP and UHR patients in SD. Furthermore, correlations between EASE total score and Calgary and MASC total scores were significant.ConclusionsOur results confirm the specificity of SDs for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and also the belonging of schizotypal personality disorder to schizophrenia-spectrum.
Validation of the general self-efficacy scale in french students for the prevention of student health
Authors: Saleh D. , Romo L. , Sweerts S. Julien 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe perceived self-efficacy, framed by Bandura, is one of the most important concepts within Cognitive Social (Villegas Barahona et al., 2018). General self-efficacy is defined, as the global confidence a person has in order to perform tasks successfully (Stanley & Murphy, 1997). The perception of stress may be more for people with lower level of self-efficacy (Shilpa & Prasad, 2017).ObjectivesStudents often suffer from stress (Saleh et al., 2019) and student health intervention and prevention programs must therefore act on this variable. The French version the General Self-Efficacy Scale could be an element for the validation of these programs.Methods955 French students aged 17 to 67 (M = 22.22; SD = 5.1) participated to the study. We performed an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the most appropriate factor structure then a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).ResultsKaiser’s criterion pointed towards a one-factor model while Cattel’s criterion pointed towards a two-factor solution. Both models have been tested and the two-factor model seemed to be better. Indices showed an excellent fit between the model and the data (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.035).ConclusionsWe have tested two models and one of them, the two-factor model, presented better psychometric qualities. However, the one-factor result is also satisfactory and it will be discussed in the communication.
Work engagement and workers’ health, is there any connection in the social work in ukraine?
Authors: Dorokhina A. , Chaban O. , Karagodina O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThis study is a part of the bigger research project on the burnout syndrome risk and prevention factors [1,2,4].ObjectivesAt the current phase we aimed to discover: 1- trends observed in sociodemographic profiles of Ukrainian social workers(SW) who respond to the online survey; 2- if there is any correlation between the SW work engagement(WE) and general health(H).MethodsThe survey is designed out of two questionnaires - Gallup Q12 Employee Engagement survey(Q12) and the 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-15). Questions on the socio-demographic status are included according to the study purpose [3,4]. SW ‘from the field’ in Ukraine included in the study group(SG). Other professionals (doctors, lawyers, etc.) formed the comparison group(CG). Descriptive statistics applied for the data analyses.ResultsOur sample has the next socio-demographic characteristics: age 20-57 (average 33.2) years old, male/female ratio is 0.36; single at the moment of the study are 66.7%. The SG: women-87.5%, married-62.5%, social work experience -from 1 to 15years. In 28.6% of the CG respondents the Q12 revealed low(less than 50%) WE while in the SW no one showed low WE. PHQ-15: in the SG -62.5% mild and 12.5% -severe somatic problems; in the CG -57.1% mild and 28.6% -severe somatic symptoms. There were no statistically significant differences between 2 groups with regard to WE and H (p<0.05). Relations between variables are non-linear; therefore,Spearman’s coefficient (ρ) applied.ConclusionsThe weak association between the work engagement and health condition (ρ=0.3;p<0.05) is found. There are several limitations due to the sample specificity (online users in Ukraine).This study is ongoing.
Mindfulness and self-compassion based intervention program to prevent burnout in medical and dentistry students
Authors: Carvalho F. , Cabaços C. , Carneiro M. , Araujo A. , Azevedo J. , Marques M. , Manão A. , Macedo A. , Pereira A.T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBurnout occurs in every stage of a medical graduation and career. In the first years of graduation, is affects 35-45% of medical and dentistry students. This has severe consequences, such as: higher levels of suicidal ideation, substance abuse, medical errors and medical neglect; lower levels of empathy and self-compassion - essential to the quality of healthcare. Students with certain personality traits (e.g., neuroticism and, particularly, perfectionism) are more vulnerable to emotional dysregulation when facing stressors of daily life. Our recent studies proved that mindfulness and self-compassion can attenuate the effect of perfectionism on psychological distress.ObjectivesTo present the rational, materials, methodology and preliminary results of our project COMBURNOUT, aimed to develop, implement and assess the efficacy of a mindfulness and self-compassion-based intervention to prevent burnout in medical and dentistry students.MethodsStudents with high levels of burnout, psychological distress and perfectionism will be randomly assigned to intervention (8 weekly sessions) or control groups. The sessions will be composed by psychoeducation about burnout, mindfulness and self-compassion practices, within and between sessions. The follow up will include three assessment moments until a year after the intervention.ResultsWe expect that the experimental group will present significantly lower levels of burnout, psychological distress and perfectionism, and higher levels of emotional regulation skills.ConclusionsThe facilitators training and the manualization are guaranties of standardization and sustainability. If the positive impact of COMBURNOUT is verified, we intend to provide the program to medical/dentistry students from all over the country.
Coping with sport trauma and well-being in athletes
Authors: Yavorovskaya A. , Leonov S. , Rasskazova E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSport trauma is a stressful situation demanding not only physical but also psychological rehabilitation (Clement et al, 2015, Ardern et al, 2012) including prevention of mental health symptoms. Revealing coping strategies that are related not only to rehabilitation effectiveness but also to well-being of athletes is important for rehabilitation programs (Crowther et al, 2017, Hamson-Utley, Vazquez, 2008, Johnston, Carroll, 1998).ObjectivesThe aim was to reveal coping strategies that are related to better well-being in athletes after trauma after adjusting for trauma perception.Methods61 athletes (15-25 years old, 31 males) rehabilitating after sport trauma filled COPE with specific instruction about trauma (Carver et al., 1989), Illness Perception Questionnaire (Moss-Morris et al., 2002) modified for trauma situation, Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (Diener et al., 2009).ResultsAfter adjusting for subjective trauma representation humor related to trauma predicted better satisfaction with life (β=.43, R2=43.7%). Active coping with trauma was related to more positive emotions (β=.31, R2=9.8%) while emotion venting, substance use and lower instrumental support are related to negative emotions (β=.39, β=.24, β=-.29, respectively, R2=30.5%), although these effects eliminate after adjusting for trauma representation.ConclusionsHumor, active coping and instrumental support as well as control of emotion venting and substance use could be helpful strategies of promotion of better well-being in athletes after sport trauma. Research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 19-78-10134.Conflict of interestResearch is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 19-78-10134.
The watersports inclusion games - what are the benefits for volunteers?
Authors: O’Flynn A. , Murphy J. , Barrett E. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe Watersports Inclusion Games is an annual event organised by Irish Sailing and partners that provides an opportunity for individuals of all abilities across the physical, sensory, intellectual and learning spectrums and those experiencing barriers accessing mainstream sport to partake in a range of watersports. 79 volunteers from the 2019 cohort responded to a pilot survey to assess the benefits for volunteers at the event.ObjectivesThis project aims to assess this data in the context of current knowledge about the benefits for volunteers in inclusive sport.MethodsLiterature review used the PEO keyword framework in medical and psychological databases, as well as grey literature. Data was collected using SurveyMonkey, quantitative data was analysed using Survey Monkey and SPSS, and qualitative themes were analysed using SurveyMonkey and Excel.ResultsOnly one article exploring the benefits for volunteers in inclusive watersports was identified during literature review. This pilot survey analysis is the first on this topic in Ireland, and the largest sample of volunteers in inclusive watersport that we are aware of internationally. Thematic analysis finds that volunteers at this event are primarily motivated by altruistic motives, while the benefits they perceive include both personal enjoyment and growth, and seeing the enjoyment of other participants.ConclusionsThis project demonstrates that inclusive watersports can have many benefits for volunteers. The findings of this study can contribute to the evidence base on the benefits of inclusive sport for all those involved, while also identifying an opportunity for further study on volunteerism in inclusive sport, particularly adaptive watersports.Conflict of interestMs O’Flynn reports a scholarship from the Health Research Board for this project, Dr Barrett has nothing to disclose, Ms Murphy reports to be the Inclusion Games Office, and thus responsible for the organisation of the Watersports Inclusion Games.
Whole-patient conversations: Implementation of a practical positive psychiatry intervention for medical trainees
Authors: Lam J. , Feingold-Link M. , Noguchi J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPositive psychiatry is the science and practice of psychiatry seeking to promote overall well-being and understand the “positive” aspects of the patient’s life, such as resilience, social connections, and meaning and values in life. While positive psychiatry research has recently blossomed, the field lacks practical ways to integrate these overarching principles into clinical practice. Life review interventions are commonly used in palliative care, spiritual care, and geriatrics, and involve a healthcare team member interviewing a patient about their life.ObjectivesOur objective is to describe the implementation of a positive psychiatry-informed life story review initiative into medical education, with the goal of creating a structure for medical trainees to see the larger context of patients’ health, understand how past experiences influence current values, and improve patients’ overall well-being.MethodsFirst- and third-year students at Alpert Medical School of Brown University are required to participate in at least one strengths-based life review with a patient in the community or inpatient setting, transcribe the story, and integrate the story into the electronic health record.ResultsPreliminary results demonstrate high acceptability and perceived development of patient-centered competencies, such as understanding patients as more complete human beings. While this is a low cost and sustainable intervention, barriers include buy-in from medical educators, hospital administrators, and trainees.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is one of the first positive psychiatry-informed interventions to be implemented into the required medical curricula. Life story reviews may allow providers to understand the “positive” aspects of patients’ lives and understand their patients better as people.
Impact of adult attachment styles on health behaviors among youngsters
Authors: Masood S. , Ali D.S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAttachment styles play important role in managing health behavior. It has been observed in researches that attachment style have relationship with health behavior (Schlack, 2003). If attachment styles are left the way they form habitually it can be harmful, in a study with diabetic patients, people with avoidant attachment style were expected to die within 5 years of disease diagnosis (Ciechanowski et al., 2010).ObjectivesTo assess effect of adult attachment styles on health behavior?MethodsSample comprised of 300 university students from different private and government universities of Karachi with age range 18 – 35 years. Assessment tools used are relationship questionnaire and wellness behavior inventory scale. Relationship questionnaire is used to identify the dimension of attachment style (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991). Wellness behavior inventory was used to identify consistency of healthy behavior activities done on regularly basis (Sirois, 2001). Statistical tests used for descriptive analysis were frequency and percentage and for inferential statistics regression analysis test was used.ResultsAccording to the attachment styles A, B, C and D most of the study participants fell in healthy weight range, a few were in obese range which is considered unhealthy. Result of regression analysis estimated there is no effect of attachment style on health behavior as p-value was greater than 0.05.ConclusionsAttachment style is not a good predictor of health behavior solely. As per a few researches in order to study impact of attachment styles other mediating variables that can have effect on health behavior should also be observed such as self-esteem.
Negative symptoms assessment in early intervention settings: Implications for early identification and treatment
Authors: Glenthøj L.B. , Nielsen M. , Nordentoft M. 
Published: February 2022

Negative symptoms are a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders associated with poor outcomes such as low remission rates and impairments in daily functioning and quality of life in early psychosis. The assessment of negative symptoms in early psychotic disorders is predominantly conducted by use of first-generation scales such as the PANSS and the SANS, along with the SIPS and CAARMS for the psychosis clinical high-risk (CHR) state. Following the progressed conceptualization of negative symptoms, it has, however, been recognized that these scales suffer important methodological limitations. This warrants a use of second-generation scales such as the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) and the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) in early intervention settings in order to achieve a more accurate assessment of the negative symptom complex. Advancing the assessment of negative symptoms in early psychosis may also guide more targeted intervention approaches aimed at improving functional outcome. Albeit recognizing that negative symptoms constitute an important barrier to a good functional outcome in psychotic disorders, few studies have directly aimed at alleviating negative symptoms in early psychosis. Meta-analytical evidence does, however, exist on the efficacy of the combined treatment modalities incorporated in Early Intervention Services (e.g. intensive and assertive case management, family involvement etc.) in reducing negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis. Evidence on the effect of interventions for improving negative symptoms in the CHR state is lacking. Developing targeted, and possibly more individualized negative symptoms treatment approaches, constitute an essential future research area.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Improving psychological well-being and neurocognitive efficiency in aging: Efficacy of a neurofeedback-guided mindfulness protocol
Authors: Crivelli D. , Balconi M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMounting evidence shows that mental training activities aimed at increasing self-awareness and self-regulation can better psychophysical wellbeing, as well as on neurocognitive efficiency. Nevertheless, the commitment required by traditional approaches to such activities often discourages their implementation as prevention tools with elderly users. Integrating traditional interventions and new technologies might help to achieve this goal.ObjectivesThe study aims at evaluating the effects on cognitive control and self-regulation of a mindfulness protocol supported by a wearable neurofeedback device, comparing young-adults and elderly people.MethodsParticipants completed a three-week experimental (EXP) or control (CONT) training protocol, with daily sessions of practice. The EXP protocol was based on breathing awareness practices executed with the support of the wearable neurofeedback device. In the CONT protocol, participants completed breathing practices while listening to ambient sounds with no feedback. Stress, anxiety and mood levels, cognitive skills, and physiological markers (EEG and autonomic indices) of neurocognitive efficiency and stress were assessed pre-/post-training.ResultsBoth young and elderly participants completing the experimental protocol showed a post-training improvement in executive control, a reduction in perceived stress levels, and an improvement of psychophysiological markers of stress regulation. In addition, young participants presented an improvement of EEG markers of attention regulation, while elderly participants showed an improvement of EEG markers of affective regulation and a reduction of subclinical depressive symptoms.ConclusionsFindings highlights the potential of integrating traditional interventions and new technologies in order to promote subjective well-being and neurocognitive enhancement, especially with elderly users.
Evaluation of the impact of a socio-educational intervention in quality of life and mental health of institutionalized elderly
Authors: Amaral A.P. , Loureiro A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWith the huge increase of life expectancy in developed countries, new needs for long-term care arise in order to guarantee an active ageing for an increasing older adult population. One way to promote emotional well-being and quality of life in elderly is through socio-educational interventions.ObjectivesTo test the effects of a socio-educational intervention in quality of life and mental health of institutionalized elderly.MethodsThis study employed a pretest-posttest design. Measures: Portuguese version of Mental Health Inventory (Ribeiro, 2001) and WHOQOL-OLD (Vilar, Sousa & Simões, 2009). Qualitative assessment was made using a logbook. Participants: 15 institutionalized elderly, 60% females, with mean age of 82.5 years (sd=8.5). The intervention ran for 2 months, with 12 group sessions, 60 minutes each, held twice a week. A nonparametric paired samples tests was conducted to evaluate the impact of the intervention.ResultsAfter the intervention, results showed a significant increase of total value of mental health (p=.021). Concerning dimensions: significant increase of positive psychological well-being (p=.014), emotional ties (p=.050), positive affect (p=.004), behavioural emotional control (p=.018), and a significant decrease of depression (p=.043). Concerning quality of live, the results showed a significant increase of the mean values of the facets: social participation and intimacy (p=.005; p=.027, respectively).ConclusionsOverall, the intervention implemented with institutionalized elderly had good results, with significant increase of positive psychological well-being and decrease of depression. Although there was no control group, the results suggest that the socio-educational intervention implemented can contribute to promote mental health in elderly.
Native language and its connection with mental well-being, emotional state and life satisfaction in a multilingual society
Authors: Zinchenko Y. , Shaigerova L. , Dolgikh A. , Almazova O. , Shilko R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionEthnolinguistic diversity provides the opportunity to study the relation between the native language, the emotional state, and the well-being of a person. Representatives of different linguistic groups may have psychological advantages in specific socio-cultural situations.ObjectivesWe investigated the interrelation between mental well-being, emotional state, life satisfaction, and belonging to different ethnolinguistic categories in the Russian society.MethodsThe measuring instruments included the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (Tennant et al., 2007), the Scale ofPositive and Negative Experience (SPANE) (Diener et al., 2009), the questionary on life satisfaction. The research project included 894 respondents aged from 14 to 80 (M=24.0; SD=11.7), residents of eight regions, where there are one or several official languages along with Russian.ResultsThe results indicate that mental well-being (F = 1.167; p = 0.312) is independent of the respondents’ native language, while the ratio of positive and negative affect is significantly higher (F = 3.164; p = 0.008) among people who indicated the regional language as the native one, compared to those who have two native languages - Russian and regional (MD = -1.529; p = 0.039). Moreover, the general life satisfaction is higher (F = 7.427; p = 0.001) among native speakers of the regional language as compared to those who indicate both Russian and regional languages as their native languages (MD = 0.638; p <0.001).ConclusionsDifferences in the emotional state and life satisfaction along with the absence of differences in mental well-being were revealed in respondents of different ethnolinguistic categories. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 17-29-09167.