bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized feasibility trial of the Midlife Black Women’s Stress and Wellness intervention (B-SWELL); a community participatory intervention to increase adoption of Life’s Simple 7 healthy lifestyle behaviors
Authors: Jones Holly J , Butsch Kovacic Melinda , Lambert Joshua , Almallah Wala’a R , Becker Richard , de las Fuentes Lisa , Bakas Tamilyn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlack women have a disproportionately higher incidence of cardiovascular disease-related mortality than other groups, yet they are less likely to receive culturally proficient education and competent preventive care.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine feasibility of the Midlife Black Women’s Stress and Wellness intervention (B-SWELL); a culturally adapted, 8-week group intervention leveraging stress reduction and goal setting to increase awareness and adoption of Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) healthy lifestyle behaviors.MethodsA randomized feasibility trial was conducted. Participants (N = 48, mean age = 55 years) were randomized to the B-SWELL or a group wellness (WE) intervention that lacked stress reduction and goal setting instruction. We hypothesized that B-SWELL participants would achieve a lower perceived stress, greater self-efficacy, improved LS7 scores, fewer symptoms (depression and unhealthy days), and greater perceived general health compared to WE participants. Survey data were collected at three timepoints: baseline, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks.ResultsBoth B-SWELL and WE groups had low attrition and navigated the online platform well. Further, both groups experienced lower perceived stress, improved LS7 scores, reduced depressive symptoms, and greater perceived general health from baseline to 8 weeks. Based on data trends, participants in the B-SWELL had more improvement in perceived stress, self-efficacy, and mental and physical unhealthy days compared to WE participants.ConclusionThe B-SWELL is a feasible intervention for midlife Black women. Positive data trends were found for both B-SWELL and WE groups. Based on observations from the feasibility study, a larger outcomes-based study is planned.
The mitochondrial complex I proteins of Candida albicans moderate phagocytosis and the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in murine macrophages and dendritic cells
Authors: She Xiaodong , Zhang Pengyi , Shi Dongmei , Peng Jingwen , Wang Qiong , Meng Xiangjing , Jiang Yong , Calderone Richard , Bellanti Joseph A. , Liu Weida , Li Dongmei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLoss of respiratory functions impairs Candida albicans colonization of host tissues and virulence in a murine model of candidiasis. Furthermore, it is known that respiratory inhibitors decrease mannan synthesis and glucan exposure and thereby promotes phagocytosis. To understand the impact of respiratory proteins of C. albicans on host innate immunity, we characterized cell wall defects in three mitochondrial complex I (CI) null mutants (nuo1Δ, nuo2Δ and ndh51Δ) and in one CI regulator mutant (goa1Δ), and we studied the corresponding effects of these mutants on phagocytosis, neutrophil killing and cytokine production by dendritic cells (DCs). We find that reductions of phosphopeptidomannan (PPM) in goa1Δ, nuo1Δ and phospholipomannan (PLM) in nuo2Δ lead to reductions of IL‐2, IL‐4, and IL‐10 but increase of TNF‐α in infected DCs. While PPM loss is a consequence of a reduced phospho‐Cek1/2 MAPK that failed to promote phagocytosis and IL‐22 production in goa1Δ and nuo1Δ, a 30% glucan reduction and a defective Mek1 MAPK response in ndh51Δ lead to only minor changes in phagocytosis and cytokine production. Glucan exposure and PLM abundance seem to remain sufficient to opsonize neutrophil killing perhaps via humoral immunity. The diversity of immune phenotypes in these mutants possessing divergent cell wall defects is further supported by their transcriptional profiles in each infected murine macrophage scenario. Since metabolic processes, oxidative stress‐induced senescence, and apoptosis are differently affected in these scenarios, we speculate that during the early stages of infection, host immune cells coordinate their bioactivities based upon a mixture of signals generated during host‐fungi interactions.
Zebrafishcox17modulates primitive erythropoiesis via regulation of mitochondrial metabolism to facilitate hypoxia tolerance
Authors: Li LingYa , Chen MingYue , Liu WenYe , Tai PengZhi , Liu Xingguo , Liu Jing‐Xia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCox17 is required in the assembly of mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) and Cu metallization of cytochrome C oxidase (CcO) in mitochondria as well as Cu homeostasis in cells. Cox deficiency is associated with hematopoietic diseases such as tubulopathy and leukodystrophy, but whether and howcox17functions in hematopoiesis are still unknown. Here, we report the effects of zebrafishcox17deficiency on primitive erythropoiesis, mitochondrial metabolism, and hypoxia tolerance.Cox17−/−larvae were sensitive to hypoxia stress, with reduced primitive erythropoiesis. Meanwhile,cox17−/−mutants showed a significant reduction in the expression of pivotal transcriptional regulators in erythropoiesis, such asscl,lmo2, andgata1aat 14 h post fertilization (hpf), with expression remaining downregulated forsclbut upregulated forlmo2andgata1aat 24 hpf. Mechanistically,cox17−/−mutants showed impaired mitochondrial metabolism, coupled with a significant decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP and SAM content, and the ratio of SAM and SAH. Additionally, disrupting mitochondrial metabolism in wild type (WT) larvae treated with carbonyl cyanide 3‐chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) could mimic the primitive erythropoiesis defects observed incox17−/−mutants. Moreover,cox17−/−mutants exhibited significantly downregulated WNT signaling and upregulated ER stress, with a significant reduction of beta‐Catenin ingata1a+cells and of binding enrichment in bothsclandlmo2promoters of the WNT transcriptional factor TCF4. This is the first report on the novel linkage ofcox17deficiency with defective primitive erythropoiesis and reduced hypoxia tolerance. This study has shed light on the potential mechanism by which Cox deficiency, especiallycox17deficiency, induces Cu homeostasis imbalance, leading to hematopoietic diseases.
Knockdown of circHIPK3 promotes the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through activating the autophagy flux
Authors: Zhuang Ziyao , Jin Chanyuan , Li Xiaobei , Han Yineng , Yang Qiaolin , Huang Yiping , Zheng Yunfei , Li Weiran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the osteogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have recently been discovered. The role of circHIPK3 in osteogenesis has yet to be determined. Cell transfection was conducted using small‐interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Expression of osteogenic markers were detected by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, western blotting analysis, and immunofluorescence staining. Ectopic bone formation models in nude mice were used to examined the bone formation ability in vivo. The autophagy flux was examined via western blotting analysis, immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) analysis was carried out to analyze the binding between human antigen R (HUR) and circHIPK3 or autophagy‐related 16‐like 1 (ATG16L1). Actinomycin D was used to determine the mRNA stability. Our results demonstrated that silencing circHIPK3 promoted the osteogenesis of hBMSCs while silencing the linear mHIPK3 did not affect osteogenic differentiation, both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we found that knockdown of circHIPK3 activated autophagy flux. Activation of autophagy enhanced the osteogenesis of hBMSCs and inhibition of autophagy reduced the osteogenesis through using autophagy regulators chloroquine and rapamycin. We also discovered that circHIPK3 and ATG16L1 both bound to HUR. Knockdown of circHIPK3 released the binding sites of HUR to ATG16L1, which stabilized the mRNA expression of ATG16L1, resulting in the upregulation of ATG16L1 and autophagy activation. CircHIPK3 functions as an osteogenesis and autophagy regulator and has the potential for clinical application in the future.
Triangulation reduces the polygon of error for the history of Transeurasian
Authors: Robbeets Martine , Hudson Mark , Ning Chao , Bouckaert Remco , Savelyev Alexander , Kim Geonyoung , Li Tao , Oskolskaya Sofia , Gruntov Ilya , Mazo Olga , Rhee Seongha , Ahn Kyou-Dong , Fernandes Ricardo , Shinoda Ken-ichi , Kanzawa-Kiriyama Hideaki , Bjørn Rasmus , Deng Bingcong , An Deog-im , Bentley John , Kawashima Takamune , Dolińska Joanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a recent study we used an interdisciplinary approach combining linguistics, archaeology and genetics to analyse the Transeurasian languages1. Our analysis concluded that the early dispersals of these languages were driven by agriculture. A preprint published on this server presents objections to the Transeurasian hypothesis and its association with farming dispersals2. However, close inspection of that text reveals numerous misinterpretations and inconsistencies. In the interest of furthering scientific debate over Transeurasian language and population history, we address the critiques, revising datasets and fine-tuning approaches. The linguistic critique questions the quantity and quality of our datasets. Here we show that the number of surviving cognate sets for Transeurasian is in line with that for well-established language families. In addition, we find that Tian et al.’s failure to reject a core of regularly corresponding cognates in the basic vocabulary creates ground for a consensus about the genealogical relatability of the Transeurasian languages. The archaeological critique attempts a re-analysis of one Bayesian test using re-scored data only for northern China. Over half of the suggested re-scorings contain inconsistencies and it is not explained why the re-analysis retains the original data for sites outside northern China, comprising almost 60% of the total. More importantly, the sweeping claim that there is no evidence supporting the prehistoric migrations analysed in our study is not backed by any discussion of the archaeological record. With respect to genetics, the preprint claims a re-analysis showing that the data ‘do not conclusively support the farming-driven dispersal of Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic, nor the two-wave spread of farming to Korea.’ In fact, the only genetic re-analysis presented is limited to samples from Korea and Japan and does not contradict our original conservative modelling of Neolithic individuals with Hongshan and our Bronze Age ones with Upper Xiajiadian. In sum, in bringing multiple lines of evidence together through triangulation, we gained a more balanced and richer understanding of Transeurasian dispersals than each discipline could provide individually. Our research doubtless leaves room for improvement but we remain confident that triangulation did not ‘fail’, but rather brought us a step closer to understanding the history of the Transeurasian languages.
Disk-Drive-Like Operations in the Hippocampus
Authors: Nicola Wilten , Dupret David , Clopath Claudia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe rapid computation of re-playable memories within the hippocampus in the form of spike sequences is a near computer-like operation. Information can be encoded once during the initial experience, and replayed numerous times after in a compressed-time representation [1–8]. Theta oscillations, sharp-wave ripples, and attractor dynamics have been posited to collectively play a role in the formation and replay of memories. However, the precise interplay between these dynamical states remains elusive. Here, we show that the memory formation dynamics and operations of the hippocampus are not just computer-like, but map directly onto the dynamics and operations of a disk-drive. We constructed a tripartite spiking neural network model where the hippocampus is explicitly described as a disk drive with a rotating disk, an actuator arm, and a read/write head. In this Neural Disk Drive (NDD) model, hippocampal oscillations map to disk rotations in the rotating disk network while attractor dynamics in the actuator arm network point to “tracks” (spike assemblies) on the disk. The read/write head then writes information onto these tracks, which have temporally-structured spikes. Tracks can be replayed during hippocampal ripples for consolidation. We confirmed the existence of interneuron-ring-sequences, predicted by the rotating disk network, in experimental data. Our results establish the hippocampus as a brain region displaying explicit, computer-like operations. Based on the known interactions between the hippocampus and other brain areas, we anticipate that our results may lead to additional models that revisit the hypothesis that the brain performs explicit, computer-like operations.
M1 selective muscarinic allosteric modulation enhances cognitive flexibility and effective salience in nonhuman primates
Authors: Hassani Seyed A. , Neumann Adam , Russell Jason , Jones Carrie K. , Womelsdorf Thilo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcetylcholine (ACh) in cortical neural circuits mediates how selective attention is sustained in the presence of distractors and how flexible cognition adjusts to changing task demands. The cognitive domains of attention and cognitive flexibility might be differentially supported by the M1 muscarinic cholinergic sub-receptor. Understanding how M1 mechanisms support these cognitive subdomains is of highest importance for advancing novel drug treatments for conditions with altered attention and reduced cognitive control including Alzheimer’s disease or schizophrenia. Here, we tested this question by assessing how the subtype selective M1-receptor specific positive allosteric modulator (M1 PAM VU0453595) affects visual search and flexible reward-learning in nonhuman primates. We found that allosteric potentiation of the M1 receptor enhanced flexible learning performance by improving extra-dimensional set shifting, by reducing latent inhibition of previously experienced distractors, and by reducing response perseveration in the absence of adverse side effects. These pro-cognitive effects occurred in the absence of apparent changes of attentional performance during visual search. In contrast, non-selective ACh modulation using the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil improved attention during visual search at doses that did not alter cognitive flexibility and that already triggered gastrointestinal cholinergic side effects. These findings illustrate that M1 positive allosteric modulation enhances cognitive flexibility without affecting attentional filtering of distraction, consistent with M1 activity boosting the effective salience of relevant over irrelevant objects. These results suggest that M1 PAMs are versatile compounds for enhancing cognitive flexibility in disorders spanning schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s diseases.Statement of significanceMuscarinic receptors mediate the pro-cognitive effects of acetylcholine, but it has remained unclear whether they differentially affect the cognitive subfunctions of attentional filtering, set shifting, and learning. To clarify the functional specificity of M1 receptors, we assessed these diverse functions using a recently developed, highly selective M1 PAM. This M1 PAM caused domain-specific cognitive improvement of flexible learning and extra-dimensional set shifting, reduced perseverations and enhanced target recognition during learning without altering attentional filtering functions. These domain-specific improvement contrasted to effects of a non-selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that primarily enhanced attention and caused dose limiting adverse side effects. These results demonstrate domain-specific improvements of cognitive flexibility suggesting M1 PAMs are versatile compounds for treating cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Second-generation dual-channel visible light optical coherence tomography enables wide-field, full-range, and shot-noise limited retinal imaging
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Nolen Stephanie , Song Weiye , Shao Wenjun , Yi Wei , Yi Ji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVisible light optical coherence tomography (VIS-OCT) is an emerging ophthalmic imaging method uniquely featured by ultrahigh depth resolution, retinal microvascular oximetry, and distinct scattering contrast in the visible spectral range. However, the clinical utility of VIS-OCT is impeded by the fundamental trade-off between the imaging depth range and axial resolution, determined by the spectral resolution and bandwidth respectively. While the full potential of VIS-OCT is leveraged by a broad bandwidth, the imaging depth is inversely sacrificed. The effective depth range is further limited by the wavelength-dependent roll-off that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reduces in the deeper imaging range, more so in shorter wavelength. To address this trade-off, we developed a second-generation dual-channel VIS-OCT system including the first linear-in-k VIS-OCT spectrometer, reference pathlength modulation, and per A-line noise cancellation. All combined, we have achieved 7.2dB roll-off over the full 1.74 mm depth range (water) with shot-noise limited performance. The system uniquely enables >60° wide-field imaging over large retinal curvature at peripheral retina and optic nerve head, as well as high-definition imaging at ultrahigh 1.3 um depth resolution (water). The dual-channel design includes a conventional near infrared (NIR) channel, compatible with Doppler OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA). The comprehensive structure-function measurement by 2nd-Gen VIS-OCT system is a significant advance towards broader adaptation of VIS-OCT in clinical applications.
Efficient Multi-Label Attribute Classification and Recognition of Microbiological Bacteria Based on Deep Learning and model fine-tuning
Authors: Wu Duidi , Huang Haiqing , Zhang Shuo , Qi Jin , Wang Dong , Hu Jie 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common gynecological complaint affecting health of a large percentage of women worldwide. Traditional manual microscopy methods are expensive and time-consuming, to improve accuracy and efficiency, automated bacterial identification devices with detection intelligence algorithms are urgently needed. We propose a Fine-tuned SmallerVGG (FTS-VGG) deep convolutional network model based multi-label classification method for bacteria. Comparison experiments were deployed on several advanced backbone networks, including transfer learning on pre-trained VGG19, demonstrating that the proposed method achieves the advantages of being lighter, faster, more accurate and more efficient. Due to the high cost of time and expertise of experienced clinicians, we use random erasing for data augmentation to address the challenge of dataset collection and annotation, experiments demonstrate its robustness to occlusion. The proposed method has theoretical and practical implications, as well as the potential to be widely extended to other microscopic imaging applications.
Free-water volume fraction increases non-linearly with age in the white matter of the healthy human brain
Authors: Pieciak Tomasz , París Guillem , Beck Dani , Maximov Ivan I. , Tristán-Vega Antonio , de Luis-García Rodrigo , Westlye Lars T. , Aja-Fernández Santiago 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe term free-water volume fraction (FWVF) refers to the cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids in the extracellular space of the white matter (WM) of the brain, which has been demonstrated as a sensitive biomarker that correlates with the cognitive performance and the neuropathological processes modifying the interstitial extracellular spaces. It can be quantified by properly fitting the isotropic compartment of the magnetic resonance (MR) signal in diffusion-sensitized sequences. UsingN= 287 healthy subjects aged 25-94, this study examines in detail the evolution of the FWVF in the human brain WM across the adult lifespan, which has been previously reported to exhibit a positive trend. We found evidence of a noticeably non-linear gain after the sixth decade of life, with a region-specific variate and varying change rate of the FWVF parameter with age, at the same time a heteroskedastic pattern across the adult lifespan is suggested. On the other hand, the FW-compensated MR signal leads to a region-dependent flattened age-related evolution of the mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA), along with a considerable reduction in their variability, as compared to standard studies conducted over the raw MR signal. This way, our study provides a new perspective on the trajectory-based assessment of the brain and explains the source of the variations observed in FA and MD parameters across the lifespan with previous studies with the standard diffusion tensor imaging.
Reactive fungal insoles
Authors: Nikolaidou Anna , Phillips Neil , Tsompanas Michail-Antisthenis , Adamatzky Andrew 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMycelium bound composites are promising materials for a diverse range of applications including wearables and building elements. Their functionality surpasses some of the capabilities of traditionally passive materials, such as synthetic fibres, reconstituted cellulose fibres and natural fibres. Thereby, creating novel propositions including augmented functionality (sensory) and aesthetic (personal fashion). Biomaterials can offer multiple modal sensing capability such as mechanical loading (compressive and tensile) and moisture content. To assess the sensing potential of fungal insoles we undertook laboratory experiments on electrical response of bespoke insoles made from capillary matting colonised with oyster fungi Pleurotus ostreatus to compressive stress which mimics human loading when standing and walking. We have shown changes in electrical activity with compressive loading. The results advance the development of intelligent sensing insoles which are a building block towards more generic reactive fungal wearables. Using FitzhHugh-Nagumo model we numerically illustrated how excitation wave-fronts behave in a mycelium network colonising an insole and shown that it may be possible to discern pressure points from the mycelium electrical activity.