bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of knowledge, attitude and anxiety in Kurdistan-region of Iraqi population during the monkeypox outbreak in 2022: An online cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Sirwan Khalid , Abdulqadirb Salar Omar , Omar Rukhsar Muhammad , Abdullah Ardalan Jabbar , Rahman Hawre Asaad , Hussein Safin Hassan , M-Amin Halkawt Ismail , Chandran Deepak , Sharma Anil K. , Dhama Kuldeep , Essa Rawand Abdulrahman , Abdulla Araz Qadir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
On July 23, the WHO declared the rapidly spreading monkeypox (MPX) epidemic as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This study attempted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and anxiety levels of the general population during the MPX outbreak.
Methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted during the period July 27 and July 30, 2022, using a convenience sampling method. The questionnaire was adapted and developed after an in-depth review of the previous studies.
Results
A total of 510 respondents participated in this study. 277 (54.3%) were male, 233 (45.7%) were female. Participants had insufficient knowledge of MPX with a mean and SD deviation 2.096±1.359, 2.576±1.466, having a normal attitude toward MPX 4.031±1.645. Moreover, they had anxiety problems 32.382±10.094. There were significant differences in the mean rank scores of the knowledge of respondents about MPX according to their, religion, level of education, place of residence with p-values>0.001, 0.001, 0.001, respectively and 0.009 for marital status. Also, there were significant differences in the mean rank scores of attitudes of respondents toward MPX according to their gender, level of education, and age, with p-values 0.011, 0.020, 0,029, respectively, and p-value>0.001 for place of residence. Lastly, there were significant differences in the mean rank score of anxiety of respondents toward MPX according to their gender, level of education, religion, and place of residence, with p-values>0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 respectively, and 0.009 for marital status.
Conclusion
There is an urgent need to raise public awareness and manage people's emotional wellbeing.
Home-Based Physical Activity Program with Health Coaching for participants with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Sweden, A Pilot Study
Authors: Benzo Maria V , Hagströmer Maria , Nygren-Bonnier Malin , Benzo Roberto , Papp Marian Elisabet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Home-based interventions are at the center stage of current healthcare demands. There is a clear need to translate pulmonary rehabilitation to a home-based setting. This 8-week pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility of a Home-based Physical Activity (HPA) program for 12 participants with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Sweden.
Methods: Patients with COPD, age 40 years or older, and clinically stable in the last 3 months were recruited. The program included the use of a fitness tracker to monitor step count, weekly health coaching calls using motivational interviewing, and video-guided mindful movements (tai chi and yoga exercises).
The outcome measures were adherence to the eight-week program video-guided exercises (number of times videos were watched), adherence to health coaching calls (minimum 8), monthly and daily step count, and quality of life (QoL) using the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire, (CRQ).
Results: Thirteen participants were enrolled, and one participant dropped out. Twelve participants adhered to 8-weeks of health coaching calls and step monitoring. We had a total of 643 video-exercise views, the compliance exceeded the minimum standard (576 views).
The mean difference comparing total monthly steps from baseline and the eight-week time point was 47 039 steps (CI – 113625-1623.5, p=0.06). The minimal clinical improvement of 500 daily steps was found for 8 of the patients. No significant improvement was found in the QoL measures and mental health.
Conclusions: We found the HPA program to be a feasible intervention. Patients showed high adherence to tracking step counts, health coaching calls, and video-guided exercise. No improvements in QoL or monthly step count emerged, however, we found high compliance and a positive trend in the number of monthly step counts, and improvements of at least 500 daily step counts improved in most patients with this small sample size.
Development and nation-wide validation of kidney graft injury markers using urinary exosomes and microvesicles (complete English translation of the Japanese version)
Authors: Harada Hiroshi , Fukuzawa Nobuyuki , Abe Toyofumi , Imamura Ryoichi , Masaki Noriyuki , Fujiyama Nobuhiro , Sato Shigeru , Hatakeyama Shingo , Nishimura Kenji , Kishikawa Hidefumi , Iwami Daiki , Hotta Kiyohiko , Miura Masayoshi , Ide Kentaro , Nakamura Michio , Kosoku Akihiro , Uchida Junji , Murakami Taku , Tsuji Takahiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-invasive, prompt and proper detection tools for kidney graft injuries (KGIs) are awaited to ensure the graft longevity. We screened diagnostic biomarkers for KGIs following kidney transplantation using extracellular vesicles (EVs; exosomes and microvesicles) from patients’ urine samples.
Methods
One hundred and twenty-seven kidney recipients at 11 Japanese institutes were enrolled in this study; urine samples were obtained prior to protocol/episode biopsies. EVs were isolated from urine samples, and EV RNA markers were assayed using quantitative RT-PCR. Diagnostic performance of EV RNA markers and diagnostic formulas comprising those were evaluated by comparison with the corresponding pathological diagnoses.
Results
EV CXCL9, CXCL10, and UMOD were elevated in T-cell-mediated rejection samples compared with other KGI samples, while SPNS2 was elevated in chronic antibody-mediated rejection (cABMR) samples. A diagnostic formula developed through Sparse Logistic Regression analysis using EV RNA markers allowed us to accurately (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) 0.875) distinguish cABMR from other KGI samples. EV B4GALT1 and SPNS2 were also elevated in cABMR, and a diagnostic formula using these markers was able to distinguish between cABMR and chronic calcineurin toxicity accurately (AUC 0.886). In interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) urine samples and those with high Banff chronicity score sums (BChS), POTEM levels may reflect disease severity, and diagnostic formulas using POTEM detected IFTA (AUC 0.830) and high BChS (AUC 0.850).
Conclusions
KGIs could be diagnosed with urinary EV mRNA analysis with relatively high accuracy.
Potassium-doped g-C3N4 enables efficient visible-light-driven dye degradation
Authors: Yuan Lianxin , Liu Weixuan , Zhang Wanting 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Elements doping is recognized as an efficient method to boost the photocatalytic performance of photocatalysts. Here, a new potassium ion-doped precursor, potassium sorbate, was employed in melamine configuration during calcination process to prepare the potassium doped g-C3N4 (KCN). By various characterization techniques and electrochemical measurements, the doping of K in g-C3N4 can efficiently modify the band structure to enhance the light absorption, greatly increase the conductivity to accelerate charge transfer and photo-generated carriers separation, ultimately achieving an excellent photodegradation of the organic pollutant (methylene blue, MB). These results have demonstrated that the approach of potassium incorporation in g-C3N4 has potential in fabricating high-performance photocatalysts for organic pollutants removal.
Rapid evolution of A(H5N1) influenza viruses after intercontinental spread to North America
Authors: Kandeil Ahmed , Patton Christopher , Jones Jeremy , Jeevan Trushar , Harrington Walter , Trifkovic Sanja , Seiler Jon , Fabrizio Thomas , Woodard Karlie , Turner Jasmine , Crumpton Jeri-Carol , Miller Lance , Rubrum Adam , DeBeauchamp Jennifer , Russell Charles , Govorkova Elena , Vogel Peter , Torchetti Mia , Berhane Yohannes , Stallknecht David , Poulson Rebecca , Kercher Lisa , Webby Richard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b underwent an explosive geographic expansion in 2021, with the viruses being detected in wild birds and domestic poultry across Asia, Europe, and Africa. In 2022, viruses of this clade were detected in North America, signifying further intercontinental spread. Here, we show that the western movement of clade 2.3.4.4b was quickly followed by reassortment with local circulating viruses, resulting in the acquisition of novel polymerase gene cassettes. These reassortant A(H5N1) viruses are genotypically and phenotypically diverse, with many causing severe disease with dramatic neurologic involvement, in mammals. The proclivity of the current A(H5N1) 2.3.4.4b virus lineage to reassort and target the central nervous system warrants concerted planning to combat the spread and evolution of the virus within the continent and to mitigate the impact of a potential influenza pandemic that could originate from similar A(H5N1) reassortants.
The Role of Urogenital Infections in Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Authors: Mikhalev Sergey A , Radzinsky Victor E , Orazov Mekan R , Sorokina Anastasia V , Vandysheva Rositsa A , Midiber Konstantin Yu. , Sinelnikov Mikhail Y , Mikhaleva Liudmila M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spontaneous preterm birth (PB) results from labor that occurs at 22 to 36 weeks and 6 days (154- 259 days) of gestation. The frequency of PB is 5-18% of all births.
Objective: our study aims to determine the role of urogenital infections in spontaneous PB occurrence.
Methods: 102 pregnant women aged 22-45 years participated in the study, 90 of which developed premature birth (22-36.6 weeks gestation, spontaneous pregnancy group) and 12 with normal birth (at 38-41 week-gestation). The patients were evaluated regarding their anamnesis (gynecological diseases, history of previous pregnancies, age and gestation), presence of urogenital infections (via expanded polymerase-chain reaction testing – PCR), inflammatory changes in the uteroplacental complex (histological evaluation), and compared results between the two groups.
Results: conditionally pathogenic flora was detected in the uterus of every second patient with spontaneous PB, uterine body dysbiosis was seen three times more often, bacterial vaginosis was seen 11 times more often in PB group than the control group. Utero-placental complex inflammatory changes were detected in 36-50% of patients with spontaneous PB and were accompanied by chronic placental insufficiency, confirmed both pathomorphologically and via protein metabolism assessment.
Conclusions: our results support the assumption that urogenital infections play a role in the development of spontaneous PB.
Future risk of decadal megadrought events over eastern China based on IPO-constrained precipitation
Authors: Ning Liang , Qin Yanmin , Li Longhui , Liu Jian , Yan Mi , Liu zhengyu , Lv Guonian , Yuan Linwang , Chen Kefan , Sun Weiyi , Wen Qin , Xue Jiao , Wang Liulin , Li Chuxin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A reliable projection of future risk of decadal megadrought event is crucial for adaption and mitigation over eastern China to future climate changes. However, large uncertainties are induced by emission scenarios, model structures, and internal variability in current model simulation. Using a 50-member ensemble of simulations from the Community Earth System Model Version 2 Large Ensemble (CESM2-LE), it is found that, under the same emission scenario, internal variability contributes a large part to the total uncertainties of decadal precipitation variability over eastern China, and the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO), could contribute about 30% to internal uncertainty during future period (2021–2080). Then, an emergent constraint based on IPO is applied to the model simulated precipitation. Finally, constrained precipitation changes show that northern China will have a high megadrought risk in the 2050s to 2060s, and Yangtze River Valley will have a high megadrought risk in the 2030s to 2040s. These will have great benefit to specific strategies of social infrastructure in the future.
Drought Characteristics and its Multifaceted Implications in the Karnali River Basin of Nepal
Authors: Dahal Piyush , Shakya Aashna , Panthi Jeeban , Kirat Nammy Hang , Gajurel Susmina , Pokhrel Yadu , Pradhananga Dhiraj , Pokharel Binod , Pradhanang Soni M , Shrestha Madan Lall , Chaudhari Suyog 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Karnali River Basin (KRB) located in western Nepal has been experiencing increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation trends in recent decades, making the basin highly susceptible to droughts. Adaptation to future droughts requires insight into the characteristics of past droughts and their impacts on different sectors. This study assesses the characteristics of drought occurrence and its implications on hydrology, agriculture, and vegetation in the KRB. The standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to characterize drought occurrence, severity, and frequency based on the data from 26 meteorological stations measured between 1981 and 2021. Results indicated that consecutive and worsening drought conditions were prevalent since 2000, with the more frequent and prolonged concurrence of severe and extreme droughts. SPI values for 1985, 1992, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2016, and 2018 indicate a prolonged dry period and widespread drought across the basin. The considerable implication of drought on water resources, agriculture, and vegetation were observed during the drought years. Reductions in both surface water and groundwater were observed in drought years. Results show a marked reduction in groundwater storage, with a rate of 12.1 mm/year from 2002 to 2016, with a notable reduction in recharge in the monsoon season of the drought years. Loss of cereal crop production and vegetation deficits were found as a result of drought. High correlations were observed between SPI value and agriculture yield during crop growing seasons. The findings of this study could provide a basis to formulate region-specific drought management plans for water-energy-food security.
Rapid increase in the risk of heat-related mortality
Authors: Lüthi Samuel , Fairless Christopher , Fischer Erich , Scovronick Noah , Armstrong Ben , Coelho Micheline , Guo Yue Leon , Guo Yuming , Honda Yasushi , Huber Veronika , Kyselý Jan , Lavigne Eric , Roye Dominic , Ryti Niilo , Silva Susana Pereira da , Urban Aleš , Gasparrini Antonio , Bresch David , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Heat-related mortality has been identified as one of the key climate extremes posing a risk to human health. Current research focuses largely on how heat mortality increases with mean global temperature rise, but it is unclear how much climate change will increase the frequency and severity of extreme summer seasons with high impact on human health. In this probabilistic analysis, we combined empirical heat-mortality relationships for 748 locations from 47 countries with climate model large ensemble data to identify probable past and future highly impactful summer seasons. Across most locations, heat mortality counts of a 1-in-100 year season in the climate of 2000 would be expected once every ten to twenty years in the climate of 2020. These return periods are projected to further shorten under warming levels of 1.5°C and 2°C, where heat-mortality extremes of the past climate will eventually become commonplace if no adaptation occurs. Our findings highlight the urgent need for strong mitigation and adaptation to reduce impacts on human lives.
3D Printed Boron Nitride Polyurethane Composites Electroosmotic Pump
Authors: Wu Liang , Khakbaz Hadis , Beirne Stephen , Wallace Gordon , Innis Peter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A melt extrusion-based 3D printing technique has been employed to fabricate a microcapillary electroosmotic pump (EOP) structure from a medical grade polyurethane (PU) elastomer in combination with a thermally conductive boron nitride (BN) nanopowder as a heat dissipating component at loadings of 0, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 20% w/w. Using a negative space 3D printing technique, a longitudinal body-centre cubic (BCC) log-pile like filament arrangement was used to fabricate functional capillary structures. These 3D printed capillaries were shown to function as simple electroosmotic pumps achieving flow rates of 1.2 µl/min at applied electric fields up to 750 V/cm. A limitation of the EOP design is the internal production of heat at higher operational voltages due to Joule heating effects which results in a non-linear flow behaviour. BN loadings up to 20% w/w were shown to reduce the operational temperature of the PU EOP by 20°C.
Tolerance of Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne. to glyphosate
Authors: de Faria Giselle Santos , Carlos Leandro , Jakelaitis Adriano , Filho Sebastião C. Vasconcelos , de Freitas Samylla Tassia Ferreira , Lourenço Lucas Loram , Costa Andreia Mendes , Silva Igor Olacir Fernandes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the glyphosate herbicide effect on Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne seedlings. A randomized block design with 5 replicates was used with an experimental unit composed of one H. stigonocarpa plant in 5L pots. The treatments were: 0 (control); 9.6; 240; 480; 960 g a. ha− 1 of glyphosate. Evaluations were performed 24 hours and 60 days after application. Gas exchange, respiration, photosynthesis, visual, anatomical and histochemical evaluations were carried out with leaves from the middle third being collected, and the growth in relation to the two dates was measured and recorded. The growth analysis showed that the seedlings showed an increase in stem diameter, a decrease in leaf number and an increase in height. There were increases in photosynthetic, electron transport and transpiratory rates, and in the effective yield of photosystem II one day after the glyphosate application. The plants then showed a reduction in transpiratory rate and a reduction in Fv/Fm at 60 days after application. With these studies we can conclude that the Hymenaea stigonocarpa species is able to survive after contact with the glyphosate herbicide, with no visual and/or anatomical damage, along with positive increases in growth and physiological characteristics.
Development of SNP marker panels for genotyping by target sequencing (GBTS) and its application in soybean
Authors: Yang Qing , Zhang Jianan , Shi Xiaolei , Chen Lei , Qin Jun , Zhang Mengchen , Yang Chunyan , Song Qijian , Yan Long 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A high-throughput genotyping platform with customized flexibility, high genotyping accuracy and low cost is critical for marker-assisted selection and genetic mapping in soybean. Three assay panels were selected from the SoySNP50K, 40K, 20K and 10K, containing 41541, 20748 and 9670 SNP markers, respectively, for genotyping-by-target sequencing (GBTS). Fifteen representative accessions were used to assess the accuracy and consistency of the SNP alleles determined by the SNP panels and sequencing platform. SNP alleles were 99.87% identical between technical replications and 98.86% identical between the 40K SNP GBTS panel and 10× resequencing analysis. The GBTS method was also accurate because the genotypic dataset of the 15 representative accessions correctly revealed the pedigree of the accessions and the biparental progeny datasets correctly constructed the linkage maps of the SNPs. The 10K panel was also used to genotype two parent-derived populations and analyze QTLs controlling 100-seed weight, resulting in the identification of the stable associated genetic locus Locus_OSW_06 on chromosome 06. The markers flanking the QTL explained 7.05% and 9.83% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Compared with GBS and DNA chips, 40K, 20K and 10K costs were reduced by 5.38% and 139.78%, 27.27% and 189.61%, and 55.56% and 253.97%, respectively. Low-cost genotyping panels could facilitate soybean germplasm assessment, genetic linkage map construction, QTL identification, and soybean genomic selection.
Are SARS-CoV-2 self-tests used for their intended purpose? The experience in Belgium.
Authors: Lafort Yves , Cornelissen Laura , Cauteren Dieter Van , Verboven Barbara , Drieskens Sabine , Couvreur Simon , Hermans Lize , Straetmans Koen , Lernout Tinne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Self-testing has been promoted as a means of increasing COVID-19 test coverage. In Belgium, self-testing was recommended as a complement to the formal, provider-administered indications, such as out of courtesy before meeting others and when feared to be infected. More than a year after the introduction of self-testing their place in the test strategy was evaluated.
Methods
We assessed trends in the number of self-tests sold, the number of positive self-tests reported, the proportion sold self-tests/total tests, and the proportion of all positive tests that were confirmed self-tests. To evaluate the reason why people use self-tests, we used the results of two online surveys among members of the general population: one among 27,397 people, held in April 2021, and one among 22,354 people, held in December 2021.
Results
The use of self-tests became substantial from end 2021 onwards. In the period mid-November 2021 – end-of-June 2022, the average proportion of reported sold self-tests to all COVID-19 tests was 37% and 14% of all positive tests were positive self-tests. In both surveys, the main reported reasons for using a self-test were having symptoms (34% of users in April 2021 and 31% in December 2021) and after a risk contact (27% in both April and December). Moreover, the number of self-tests sold, and the number of positive self-tests reported closely followed the same trend as the provider-administered tests in symptomatic people and high risk-contacts, which reinforces the hypothesis that they were mainly used for these two indications.
Conclusions
From end 2021 onwards, self-testing covered a significant part of COVID-19 testing in Belgium, which increased without doubt the testing coverage. However, the available data seem to indicate that self-testing was mostly used for indications outside of official recommendations. If and how this affected the control of the epidemic remains unknown.