bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Event, beyond the Permanent Crisis
Authors: Miralles Jordi 
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a link in the perspective of transition between the concept of permanent crisis belonging to the work of Jean-Marie Guyau and the conception of the event due to Alain Badiou. The hypothesis links the two in the sense that it is not possible to speak of the event as a transformative form of social and political reality without first producing the permanent crisis.
The Human “Historicity” as a Permanent Transition in the Philosophy of Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Sgarro Tommaso 
Published: September 2022

Ignacio Ellacuría was brutally murdered in November the 16th, 1989 by the hands of El Salvador’s Armed Forces; ten years later in 1999, a quick but detailed “schema” of Xavier Zubiri’s anthropology, which he had used for a course he taught between July and August 1968 at the Centro de Estudios Superiores para el Desarrollo (CESDE) in Medellín, was published within the second volume which collected the Jesuit’s philosophical writings. The “schema” brings together many of those theses that form the basis of his most important work, and which came out posthumously, “Filosofía de la realidad histórica” (1990); this was developed in close comparison with the thought of the great Spanish philosopher whose Ellacuría was student and collaborator. The historiographical reconstruction of the salient passages of Ellacuría’s research on the relationship between historicity and history in the broader Zubiri anthropological context makes possible to highlight some peculiar aspects of the Jesuit’s thought, which is not merely limited to offer a new and different line of interpretation of Zubiri’s thought. The prominence of the idea of history as a transition within the social body, characteristic of the human experience, offers a new perspective, all internal to the Ibero-American philosophy of liberation, and at the same time, allows us to trace new and different sources in Ellacuría’s philosophical production.
Sensory Perception of Varied Shoe Masses in Running
Authors: Keshvari Bahador , Alevras Steven , Senner Veit 
Published: September 2022

Background: Studies on the sensory perception of mass mostly focus on the hands rather than the feet. The aim of our study is to measure how accurately runners can perceive additional shoe mass in comparison to a control shoe (CS) while running, and moreover, whether there is a learning effect in the perception of mass. Indoor running shoes were categorized as a CS (283 g) and shoes with four additional masses: shoe 2 (+50 g), shoe 3 (+150 g), shoe 4 (+250 g), and shoe 5 (+315 g).
Methods: There were 22 participants in the experiment, which was divided into two sessions. In session 1, participants ran on a treadmill for 2 min with the CS and then put on one set of weighted shoes and ran for another 2 min at a preferred velocity. A binary question was used after the pair test. This process was repeated for all the shoes to compare them with the CS.
Results: Based on our statistical analysis (mixed effect logistic regression), the independent variable (ie, mass) did have a significant effect on perceived mass (F4,193 = 10.66, P < .0001), whereas repeating the task did not show a significant learning effect (F1,193 = 1.06, P = .30).
Conclusions: An increase of 150 g is the just-noticeable difference among other weighted shoes and the Weber fraction is equal to 0.53 (150:283 g). Learning effect did not improve by repeating the task in two sessions in the same day. This study facilitates our understanding about sense of force and enhances multibody simulation in running.
Curious Minds
Authors: Zurn Perry , Bassett Dani S. 
Published: September 2022

An exhilarating, genre-bending exploration of curiosity's powerful capacity to connect ideas and people.
Curious about something? Google it. Look at it. Ask a question. But is curiosity simply information seeking? According to this exhilarating, genre-bending book, what's left out of the conventional understanding of curiosity are the wandering tracks, the weaving concepts, the knitting of ideas, and the thatching of knowledge systems—the networks, the relations between ideas and between people. Curiosity, say Perry Zurn and Dani Bassett, is a practice of connection: it connects ideas into networks of knowledge, and it connects knowers themselves, both to the knowledge they seek and to each other.
Zurn and Bassett—identical twins who write that their book “represents the thought of one mind and two bodies”—harness their respective expertise in the humanities and the sciences to get irrepressibly curious about curiosity. Traipsing across literatures of antiquity and medieval science, Victorian poetry and nature essays, as well as work by writers from a variety of marginalized communities, they trace a multitudinous curiosity. They identify three styles of curiosity—the busybody, who collects stories, creating loose knowledge networks; the hunter, who hunts down secrets or discoveries, creating tight networks; and the dancer, who takes leaps of creative imagination, creating loopy ones. Investigating what happens in a curious brain, they offer an accessible account of the network neuroscience of curiosity. And they sketch out a new kind of curiosity-centric and inclusive education that embraces everyone's curiosity. The book performs the very curiosity that it describes, inviting readers to participate—to be curious with the book and not simply about it.
Robot Ethics
Authors: Coeckelbergh Mark 
Published: September 2022

A guide to the ethical questions that arise from our use of industrial robots, robot companions, self-driving cars, and other robotic devices
Does a robot have moral agency? Can it be held responsible for its actions? Do humans owe robots anything? Will robots take our jobs? These are some of the ethical and moral quandaries that we should address now, as robots and other intelligent devices become more widely used and more technically sophisticated. In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, philosopher Mark Coeckelbergh does just that. He considers a variety of robotics technologies and applications—from robotic companions to military drones—and identifies the ethical implications of their use. Questions of robot ethics, he argues, are not just about robots but are, crucially, about humans as well.
Coeckelbergh examines industrial robots and their potential to take over tasks from humans; “social” robots and possible risks to privacy; and robots in health care and their effect on quality of care. He considers whether a machine can be moral, or have morality built in; how we ascribe moral status; and if machines should be allowed to make decisions about life and death. When we discuss robot ethics from a philosophical angle, Coeckelbergh argues, robots can function as mirrors for reflecting on the human. Robot ethics is more than applied ethics; it is a way of doing philosophy.
Tennis throwing Machine Voice Control via Bluetooth of an Arduino-based and Using PI Controller
Authors: Felkat Mouaadh , Karaarslan Ahmet 
Published: September 2022

In this article, the throwing machine will be programmed to aid in repetitive training. All tennis training methods agree that repetitive training on specific points and distances of the ball improves the player's skills and allows him to learn new blocking techniques. There have been previous studies on this machine, but ours is a little different. In contrast to random throwing, we have added voice control and training on specific points and locations, where the player can control the machine by sending a voice message via the smartphone. with the presence of Bluetooth and Arduino. The basic devices in our project are High-efficiency electric drives required for emerging technologies. PI controllers are used to control the motors' speed.
Proteus 8 professional was used for simulation, Arduino code was written using the programming language Arduino IDE, MATLAB simulation for the PI controller, and the Android applications were created using the MIT app inventor
The electrical circuit of the machine will be tested to demonstrate the entire project and to check the control result.
Association of Daily Step Count and Intensity With Incident Dementia in 78 430 Adults Living in the UK
Authors: del Pozo Cruz Borja , Ahmadi Matthew , Naismith Sharon L. , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceStep-based recommendations may be appropriate for dementia-prevention guidelines. However, the association of step count and intensity with dementia incidence is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the dose-response association between daily step count and intensity and incidence of all-cause dementia among adults in the UK.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsUK Biobank prospective population-based cohort study (February 2013 to December 2015) with 6.9 years of follow-up (data analysis conducted May 2022). A total of 78 430 of 103 684 eligible adults aged 40 to 79 years with valid wrist accelerometer data were included. Registry-based dementia was ascertained through October 2021.ExposuresAccelerometer-derived daily step count, incidental steps (less than 40 steps per minute), purposeful steps (40 steps per minute or more), and peak 30-minute cadence (ie, mean steps per minute recorded for the 30 highest, not necessarily consecutive, minutes in a day).Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncident dementia (fatal and nonfatal), obtained through linkage with inpatient hospitalization or primary care records or recorded as the underlying or contributory cause of death in death registers. Spline Cox regressions were used to assess dose-response associations.ResultsThe study monitored 78 430 adults (mean [SD] age, 61.1 [7.9] years; 35 040 [44.7%] male and 43 390 [55.3%] female; 881 [1.1%] were Asian, 641 [0.8%] were Black, 427 [0.5%] were of mixed race, 75 852 [96.7%] were White, and 629 [0.8%] were of another, unspecified race) over a median (IQR) follow-up of 6.9 (6.4-7.5) years, 866 of whom developed dementia (mean [SD] age, 68.3 [5.6] years; 480 [55.4%] male and 386 [54.6%] female; 5 [0.6%] Asian, 6 [0.7%] Black, 4 [0.4%] mixed race, 821 [97.6%] White, and 6 [0.7%] other). Analyses revealed nonlinear associations between daily steps. The optimal dose (ie, exposure value at which the maximum risk reduction was observed) was 9826 steps (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.39-0.62) and the minimal dose (ie, exposure value at which the risk reduction was 50% of the observed maximum risk reduction) was 3826 steps (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.67-0.83). The incidental cadence optimal dose was 3677 steps (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.72); purposeful cadence optimal dose was 6315 steps (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.32-0.58); and peak 30-minute cadence optimal dose was 112 steps per minute (HR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.24-0.60).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, a higher number of steps was associated with lower risk of all-cause dementia. The findings suggest that a dose of just under 10 000 steps per day may be optimally associated with a lower risk of dementia. Steps performed at higher intensity resulted in stronger associations.
Association Between Traumatic Brain Injury and Subsequent Cardiovascular Disease Among Post-9/11–Era Veterans
Authors: Stewart Ian J. , Amuan Megan E. , Wang Chen-Pin , Kennedy Eamonn , Kenney Kimbra , Werner J. Kent , Carlson Kathleen F. , Tate David F. , Pogoda Terri K. , Dismuke-Greer Clara E. , Wright W. Shea , Wilde Elisabeth A. , Pugh Mary Jo 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceTraumatic brain injury (TBI) was common among US service members deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Although there is some evidence to suggest that TBI increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), prior reports were predominantly limited to cerebrovascular outcomes. The potential association of TBI with CVD has not been comprehensively examined in post-9/11–era veterans.ObjectiveTo determine the association between TBI and subsequent CVD in post-9/11–era veterans.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective cohort study conducted from October 1, 1999, to September 30, 2016. Participants were followed up until December 31, 2018. Included in the study were administrative data from the US Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense from the Long-term Impact of Military-Relevant Brain Injury Consortium–Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium. Participants were excluded if dates did not overlap with the study period. Data analysis was conducted between November 22, 2021, and June 28, 2022.ExposuresHistory of TBI as measured by diagnosis in health care records.Main Outcomes and MeasuresComposite end point of CVD: coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and cardiovascular death.ResultsOf the 2 530 875 veterans from the consortium, after exclusions, a total of 1 559 928 veterans were included in the analysis. A total of 301 169 veterans (19.3%; median [IQR] age, 27 [23-34] years; 265 217 male participants [88.1]) with a TBI history and 1 258 759 veterans (80.7%; median [IQR] age, 29 [24-39] years; 1 012 159 male participants [80.4%]) without a TBI history were included for analysis. Participants were predominately young (1 058 054 [67.8%] &amp;lt;35 years at index date) and male (1 277 376 [81.9%]). Compared with participants without a history of TBI, diagnoses of mild TBI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.62; 95% CI, 1.58-1.66; P &amp;lt; .001), moderate to severe TBI (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 2.51-2.76; P &amp;lt; .001), and penetrating TBI (HR, 4.60; 95% CI, 4.26-4.96; P &amp;lt; .001) were associated with CVD in adjusted models. In analyses of secondary outcomes, all severities of TBI were associated with the individual components of the composite outcome except penetrating TBI and CVD death.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this cohort study suggest that US veterans with a TBI history were more likely to develop CVD compared with veterans without a TBI history. Given the relatively young age of the cohort, these results suggest that there may be an increased burden of CVD as these veterans age and develop other CVD risk factors. Future studies are needed to determine if the increased risk associated with TBI is modifiable.
Seeing Things Differently: Painting, the Object and the Art of Conversation
Authors: Hamman Clare 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClare Hamman gives us a peek into the impressive collection of Alsop paintings held by the Marco Goldschmeid Foundation, and ruminates on the applications for which Alsop used his painterly instincts. Firstly, this was to clear his own mind of preconceived ideas, then, as a catalyst for creativity in his office and with collaborators, as well as a prompt for open‐minded discussion with clients. Hamman positions the role of painting in Alsop's design practice as both a life‐giving force and powerful means of popular communication.
Synthesis and Characterization of Block Copolymers for Nanolithography Based on Thiol‐Ene “Click” Functionalized Polystyrene‐Block‐Polybutadiene
Authors: Feng Hongbo , Dolejsi Moshe , Zhu Ning , Griffin Philip J. , Craig Gordon S. W. , Chen Wen , Rowan Stuart J. , Nealey Paul F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn developing block copolymers (BCPs) for nanolithography, the preferred materials and processes are BCPs that can be thermally annealed with a free surface to yield perpendicularly orientated nanodomains with specific feature sizes and morphologies. Thiol‐ene “click” chemistry is used to modify a single parent polystyrene‐block‐poly(1,2‐butadiene) (PS‐b‐PB) to create both cylinder‐ and lamellae‐forming A‐block‐(B‐random‐C) BCPs with different Flory–Huggins parameters (χs) while maintaining an equal surface energy (γ, Δγ = 0) between the blocks, necessary to form perpendicular nanodomains by thermal annealing with a free surface. The use of BCPs with an A‐block‐(B‐random‐C) architecture effectively decouples the covarying properties of χ and Δγ. The effects of the size of the thiol and degree of thiol functionalization (φ) on χ, morphology, and Δγ of the blocks are investigated for four different thiols. Modification of PS‐b‐PB with methyl thioglycolate or 2‐(Boc‐amino)ethanethiol creates BCPs that form cylinders, whereas modification with smaller thiols, mercaptoethanol or 1‐thioglycerol, retains the lamellar morphology of the parent PS‐b‐PB. Cross‐linking of the double bonds in PB at annealing temperatures prevents directed self‐assembly (DSA) of these BCPs, but by adding a radical scavenger, butylated hydroxytoluene, the cross‐linking can be suppressed, enabling DSA.
A pH/H2O2/MMP9 Time‐Response Gel System with Sparchigh Tregs Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Recovery After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Cheng Panke , Cheng Lianying , Han Hukui , Li Junlin , Ma Cui , Huang Hui , Zhou Jie , Feng Jiayue , Huang Yu , Lv Yipin , Huang Huihui , Wang Yiren , Hou Lingmi , Chen Yang , Li Gang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRegulatory T cells overexpressing SPARC (secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich) (Sparchigh Tregs) can help repair infarct tissues after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This research demonstrates that Sparchigh Treg‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) effectively improved cardiac function through proinflammatory factors IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α inhibition and collagen synthesis related gene Col3a1 promotion in AMI; moreover, a composite hydrogel‐EVs system (DHPM(4APPC)_EVs) is designed based on Sparchigh Treg‐derived EVs with CXCR2 overexpressing and pH/H2O2/MMP9 temporally responsive gel microspheres. In AMI, due to the levels of chemokine, pH, H2O2, and MMP9 enzymes in the infarct area, DHPM(4APPC)_EVs can effectively target the infarct area, release the loaded EVs, form the gel to capture the released EVs, and slowly release the captured EVs, contribute to promote EVs to stay in the infarct area for a long time to play the repair function, so as to reduce myocardial injury and promote the improvement of cardiac function. The proposed system in this research provides a potential approach for the treatment of AMI in the future.
Digital Keying Enabled by Reconfigurable 2D Modulators
Authors: Das Sarbashis , Das Saptarshi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEnergy, area, and bandwidth efficient communication primitives are essential to sustain the rapid increase in connectivity among internet‐of‐things (IoT) edge devices. While IoT edge‐sensing, edge‐computing, and edge‐storage have witnessed innovation in materials and devices, IoT edge communication is yet to experience such transformation. The aging silicon (Si)‐based complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology continues to remain the mainstay of communication devices where they are used to implement amplitude, frequency, and phase shift keying (amplitude‐shift keying [ASK]/frequency‐shift keying [FSK]/phase‐shift keying [PSK]). Keying allows digital information to be communicated over a radio channel. While CMOS‐based keying devices have evolved over the years, their hardware footprint and energy consumption are major concerns for resource constrained IoT communication. Furthermore, separate circuit designs and hardware elements are needed for each keying scheme and achieving multibit modulation to improve bandwidth efficiency remains a challenge. Here, a reconfigurable modulator is introduced that exploits unique ambipolar transport and programmable Dirac voltage in ultrathin MoTe2 field‐effect transistors to achieve ASK, FSK, and PSK modulation. Furthermore, by integrating two programmed MoTe2 field‐effect transistors, multibit data modulation is demonstrated, which improves the bandwidth efficiency by 200%. Finally, a frequency quadrupler is also realized exploiting the unique “double‐well” transfer characteristic.
Puffball‐Inspired Microrobotic Systems with Robust Payload, Strong Protection, and Targeted Locomotion for On‐Demand Drug Delivery
Authors: Song Xin , Sun Rujie , Wang Richard , Zhou Kun , Xie Ruoxiao , Lin Junliang , Georgiev Dimitar , Paraschiv Andrei‐Alexandru , Zhao Ruibo , Stevens Molly M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMicrorobots are recognized as transformative solutions for drug delivery systems (DDSs) because they can navigate through the body to specific locations and enable targeted drug release. However, their realization is substantially limited by insufficient payload capacity, unavoidable drug leakage/deactivation, and strict modification/stability criteria for drugs. Natural puffballs possess fascinating features that are highly desirable for DDSs, including a large fruitbody for storing spores, a flexible protective cap, and environmentally triggered release mechanisms. This report presents a puffball‐inspired microrobotic system which incorporates an internal chamber for loading large drug quantities and spatial drug separation, and a near‐infrared‐responsive top‐sealing layer offering strong drug protection and on‐demand release. These puffball‐inspired microrobots (PIMs) display tunable loading capacities up to high concentrations and enhanced drug protection with minimal drug leakage. Upon near‐infrared laser irradiation, on‐demand drug delivery with rapid release efficiency is achieved. The PIMs also demonstrate translational motion velocities, switchable motion modes, and precise locomotion under a rotating magnetic field. This work provides strong proof‐of‐concept for a DDS that combines the superior locomotion capability of microrobots with the unique characteristics of puffballs, thereby illustrating a versatile avenue for development of a new generation of microrobots for targeted drug delivery.
MXenes as Emerging 2D Materials for Anticorrosive Application: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Verma Chandrabhan , Zehra Saman , Aslam Ruby , Aslam Jeenat , Quraishi Mumtaz A. , Mobin Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMXenes (MXs) (singular; “MXene” (MX); pronounced “Maxenes”) are a relatively new class of 2D inorganic materials that possess numerous potential biological and industrial applications. After the discovery of the first MXene, Ti3C2Tx, in 2011 plenty of reports on the synthesis and application of MXenes and their derivatives are published in the literature. Generally, MXenes contain heteroatoms at their surface; therefore, they can act as strong ligands and can form coordination bonding with the metal atoms and their ions. Because of this property, recently MXenes are used as nanofillers in polymer‐based coatings. The MXenes possess excellent filler properties. They are extensively used as fillers in epoxy resins and polyurethane‐based coatings but their application as fillers in other polymers is highly limited, which opens an area to explore in the future. The anticorrosive application of MXenes‐filled polymers coatings is extensively reported. The contemporary review designates the assemblies of various reports on the anticorrosive and filler property of the MXenes and their composites. Previous studies suggest that MXenes and their composites not only affect the performance of polymer coatings but also enhance their durability. The present report also describes the synthesis, characterization, chemical structures, and properties of the MXenes and their composites.