bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energetics Analysis of the Eddy–Kuroshio Interaction East of Taiwan
Authors: Yan Xiaomei , Kang Dujuan , Pang Chongguang , Zhang Linlin , Liu Hongwei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The three-dimensional energetics evolution during eddy–Kuroshio interactions east of Taiwan is systematically investigated in a time-dependent theoretical framework using outputs from an eddy-resolving ocean general circulation model. Composite analyses are conducted based on 17 anticyclonic eddies (AEs) and 19 cyclonic eddies (CEs). These westward propagating mesoscale eddies impinge on the Kuroshio at ∼22°N, ∼124.5°E and interact with the Kuroshio with a mean duration of ∼70 days. During the interaction, all the eddy energy reservoirs and eddy–mean flow energy conversions exhibit complex spatial–temporal variations. In particular, during the strong interaction period (days 18–54), both AEs and CEs are deformed into an elliptic shape, with the major axis in the northeast–southwest direction due to the squeeze of surrounding eddies, and obtain kinetic energy from the mean flow. Overall, the eddies are weakened gradually after encountering the Kuroshio, with the energy of CEs decreased more rapidly than that of AEs. The eddies decay through two pathways: transferring ∼8% of eddy available potential energy (EPE) to the mean flow, and converting ∼64% of EPE to eddy kinetic energy (EKE) via the baroclinic instability with the majority of the EKE finally dissipated. The results suggest that although the time-dependent energy conversion terms vanish upon time averaging, they play important but opposite roles in the evolution of AEs and CEs. The analysis in this work is on the synoptic and intraseasonal time scales; hence, it provides a basis for understanding the long-term variations of the eddy–Kuroshio interaction and associated climate change.
A Systematic Review of Oral Nutritional Supplement and Wound Healing
Authors: Daher Ghazal S. , Choi Karen Y. , Wells Jeffery W. , Goyal Neerav 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To explore the current literature for effects of oral nutritional supplement on wound healing rates in humans. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the Medline and PubMed database following PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed database was searched using terms relating to oral nutritional supplement and wound healing from 1837 to March 2020. Study inclusion criteria were: (i) design: randomized controlled trials, clinical studies, observational studies, clinical trials; (ii) population: adults; and (iii) intervention: oral nutritional supplement. Results: The search yielded 2433 studies, 313 of which were clinical trials or clinical studies. After abstract review, 28 studies qualified to be included in the review evaluating the following supplementation categories on wound healing: protein and amino acids (10), mineral, vitamin and antioxidants (9), probiotics (1), and mixed nutrients (8). Arginine and omega-3 supplement were shown to improve wound healing in head and neck cancer patients with surgical wounds by decreasing incidence of postoperative complications and reducing length of hospital stay. Mineral, vitamins, and antioxidants enriched supplements were more beneficial in increasing wound healing than non-enriched protein supplement for diabetic foot and pressure ulcers. Conclusions: Supplementation of a variety of nutrients had variable effects on improving wound healing in different types of wounds. However, further research on the impact of nutritional supplements on surgical wound healing is necessary. The impact of multiple nutrient formulations may also need to be further evaluated for efficacy.
Suture Ligation of Pyriform Sinus Fistulas Following Cauterization to Treat Branchial Cleft Anomalies
Authors: Jeong In Seong , Lee Yoon Se , Cho Won Ki , Choi Seung-Ho , Kim Sang Yoon , Nam Soon Yuhl 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Obliteration with cauterization of the internal opening of pyriform sinus fistulas, with or without marsupialization, has been a mainstay for preventing recurrence. However, this procedure predisposes patients to recurrence caused by the reopening of the cauterized orifice. We applied suture ligation to secure the closure of the internal orifice following cauterization and evaluated treatment Methods: A total of 42 patients were diagnosed with third or fourth branchial cleft anomaly with internal pyriform sinus fistula and treated either with cauterization or with cauterization and suture ligation, between January 2008 and December 2020. The medical records were reviewed to assess demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, diagnoses, surgical treatment, and outcomes. Treatment flow characteristics for intractable patients were analyzed. Results: The median age of onset was 9 years (range, 0-57 years). Neck swelling (n = 32, 76.2%) was commonly encountered symptom, and a history of neck infection was found in 27 patients (64.3%). After initial treatment, 11 cases (56.2%) recurred. Younger age (≤9 years) and thyroid involvement were associated with recurrence ( P = .034 and P = .046, respectively). Cauterization with suture ligation presented lower recurrence rate (19.2%) than cauterization only (37.5%, P = .037). Cauterization with suture ligation for recurrent cases (n = 11) showed 81.8% (9/11) of cure rate. Intractable fistulas (n = 2) from both groups were also salvaged by suture ligation. Conclusions: Suture ligation with cauterization for an internal orifice of branchial anomaly showed lower recurrence rate than cauterization only. This method was beneficial for refractory cases.
Reference intervals for biochemical analytes in transgender individuals on hormone therapy
Authors: Bezuidenhout Morné C , Conradie-Smit Marli , Dave Joel A , de Vries Elma , Ross Ian L , Zemlin Annalise E 
Published: January 2022

Background Hormone therapy in transgender individuals may impact processes that lead to changes in biochemical analytes, and therefore reference intervals. Currently, few reference interval studies are available for the transgender population. We determined biochemical reference intervals for transgender individuals receiving hormone therapy. Methods Our retrospective, laboratory-based, observational study included healthy transgender males ( N = 24) and transgender females ( N = 84) on hormone therapy. Various biochemical reference intervals were established for each cohort and compared to their cisgender counterparts. Results We detected significant differences in reference intervals for sodium, 139–142 mmol/L vs. 136–145 mmol/L when comparing transgender males (TM) with cisgender males (CM). The following significant changes in upper reference limits (URL) for TM versus CM were detected, ALP (URL: 96 U/L vs. 128 U/L), GGT (URL: 27 U/L vs. 67 U/L) and testosterone (URL: 46.7 nmol/L vs. 29.0 nmol/L), respectively. Moreover, when comparing transgender female (TF) to cisgender female (CF), significant differences in creatinine (URL: 117 μmol/L vs. 90 μmol/L), albumin (lower reference limit: 41 g/L, vs. 35 g/L), AST (URL: 50 U/L vs. 35 U/L), ALP (URL: 118 U/L vs. 98 U/L) and oestradiol (URL: 934 pmol/L vs. 213 pmol/L) were noted, respectively. Significantly higher LDL-C was observed for TM on hormone treatment, compared to baseline (2.9 mmol/L vs. 2.2 mmol/L, p <0.01). Conclusions Biochemical results for TM and TF receiving hormone therapy can be evaluated against our transgender-specific reference intervals for some analytes, while others can be compared to their identified gender reference intervals.
Evaluation of thermal comfort in mixed-mode buildings in temperate oceanic climates using American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers Comfort Database II
Authors: Gaffoor Mohamad Abdul , Eftekhari Mahroo , Luo Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2022

A comprehensive understanding of occupant comfort in mixed-mode (MM) buildings is crucial for the design of MM buildings which are being proposed as a low-energy solution to combat the global warming without compromising comfort. Current comfort standards are mainly for naturally ventilated (NV) or air-conditioned (AC) buildings, and there is a significant gap in standards for MM buildings. With comfort databases playing a major role in the development of thermal comfort models, the recently published ASHRAE Global Thermal Comfort Database II is utilised, in this research, to investigate the thermal sensation and occupant’s behavioural adaptations in MM buildings in temperate oceanic climates and to develop an adaptive thermal comfort model based on the outdoor environmental conditions. The Fanger's PMV model was found to underpredict the actual thermal sensation of the occupants while the occupant adaptivity was found to be lower than that predicted by the adaptive models of Standard 55 and EN15251/EN 16798-1. Furthermore, based on the results of this study and the various impediments faced, recommendations are proposed for future comfort surveys so that more detailed and conclusive studies can be conducted for wider applications using open-source thermal comfort databases. Good understanding of occupant comfort is necessary to reduce building energy consumption without compromising comfort. This article explores the use of ASHRAE Comfort Database II for determining occupant comfort in MM buildings in temperate oceanic climates and the limitations faced therein. A practical and publicly accessible database developed based on the recommendations from this study will improve thermal comfort models and enable better prediction of occupant comfort while improving energy efficiency substantially.
Effects of control mechanisms on supply chain resilience and sustainability performance
Authors: Cui Li , Jin Ziyi , Li Ying , Wang Yating 
Published: January 2022

Supply chain resilience (SCRES) plays an important role in dealing with disruptions in a highly turbulent business environment and has received a fair amount of attention from industry and academia. This study explores the relationships among control mechanisms (process, social, and outcome control), SCRES (proactive and reactive resilience), and sustainability performance (economic, environmental, and social performance). Structural equation modeling is used to analyze data collected from 322 Chinese manufacturing firms. This study finds that process control and social control have a positive impact on the two dimensions of SCRES, while outcome control has no significant impact on SCRES. Proactive and reactive resilience both have a significant positive impact on the three dimensions of sustainability performance. The results deepen the understanding of the enablers and performance of SCRES. They also provide managerial insights into how to use control mechanisms to build SCRES capability for sustainable development. JEL Classification: M1
Antiphospholipid syndrome–mediated acute cerebrovascular diseases and long-term outcomes
Authors: García-Grimshaw Miguel , Posadas-Pinto Diego Rubén , Jiménez-Ruiz Amado , Valdés-Ferrer Sergio Iván , Cadena-Fernández Arturo , Torres-Ruiz José Jiram , Barrientos-Guerra José Domingo , Amancha-Gabela Margarita , Chiquete Erwin , Flores-Silva Fernando Daniel , Cantú-Brito Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Objectives The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease associated with thrombotic and non-thrombotic neurologic manifestations. APS is classified as primary (PAPS) or secondary (SAPS) when it co-exists with another autoimmune disease. We aim to describe the spectrum of acute cerebrovascular disease among patients with APS, their differences between stroke subtypes, and long-term functional outcomes. Methods Retrospective cohort study including adult (≥18 years) patients with APS followed in the stroke clinic of a tertiary-care reference center for autoimmune diseases in Mexico from 2009 to 2019. Results We studied 120 cases; 99 (82.5%) women; median age 43 years (interquartile range 35–52); 63.3% with SAPS. Demographics, comorbidities, and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) positivity were similar between APS type and stroke subtypes. Amongst index events, we observed 84 (70%) acute ischemic strokes (AIS), 19 (15.8%) cerebral venous thromboses (CVT), 11 (9.2%) intracerebral hemorrhages (ICH), and six (5%) subarachnoid hemorrhages (SAH). Sixty-seven (55.8%) were known patients with APS; the median time from APS diagnosis to index stroke was 46 months (interquartile range 12–96); 64.7% of intracranial hemorrhages (ICH or SAH) occurred ≥4 years after APS was diagnosed (23.5% anticoagulation-related); 63.2% of CVT cases developed before APS was diagnosed or simultaneously. Recurrences occurred in 26 (22.8%) patients, AIS, in 18 (69.2%); intracranial hemorrhage, in eight (30.8%). Long-term functional outcomes were good (modified Rankin Scale ≤2) in 63.2% of cases, during follow-up, the all-cause mortality rate was 19.2%. Conclusion We found no differences between stroke subtypes and APS types. aPL profiles were not associated with any of the acute cerebrovascular diseases described in this cohort. CVT may be an initial thrombotic manifestation of APS with low mortality and good long-term functional outcome.
Dysregulation of Biomarkers of Hemostatic Activation and Inflammatory Processes are Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Darwish Iman , Fareed Jawed , Brailovsky Yevgeniy , Hoppensteadt Debra , Slajus Brett , Bontekoe Emily , De Stefano Frank , Reed Trent , Darki Amir 
Published: January 2022

Introduction The pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism (PE) represents complex, multifactorial processes involving blood cells, vascular endothelium, and the activation of inflammatory pathways. Platelet (P), endothelial (E), and leukocyte (L)-selectin molecules may play an important role in PE pathophysiology. We aimed to profile the biomarkers of inflammation, including selectins in PE patients, and compare them to healthy individuals. Materials and methods 100 acute PE patients and 50 controls were included in this case control study. ELISA methods were used to quantify levels of selectins, inflammatory, and hemostatic biomarkers. Results In PE patients, levels of selectin molecules as compared to controls convey increased P-selectin levels (95 ng/mL vs 40 ng/mL, p < .0001) and decreased L-selectin levels (1468 ng/mL vs 1934 ng/mL, p < .0001). Significant correlations were found between selectins and Plasminogen Activating Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), Tumor Necrosis Factor-a (TNFa), and D-dimer. Fold change between selectins and controls is compared to other biomarkers, illustrating degrees of change comparable to TNFa, alpha-2-antiplasmin, and microparticles. L-selectin levels are inversely associated with all-cause-mortality in PE patients, (p = .040). Conclusion These studies suggest that various thrombo-inflammatory biomarkers are elevated in PE patients. Furthermore, L-selectin levels are inversely associated with mortality outcomes.
Rivaroxaban with Aspirin Versus Aspirin for Peripheral Arterial Disease and Intermittent Claudication. Rationale and Design of the COMPASS CLAUDICATION Trial
Authors: Ramacciotti Eduardo , Agati Leandro Barile , Volpiani Giuliano Giova , Brito Karen Falcão , Ribeiro Camilla Moreira , Aguiar Valéria Cristina Resende , Ramacciotti Lorenzo Storino , Paganotti Alexia , Pereira Felipe Menegueti , Caffaro Roberto Augusto , Fioranelli Alexandre , Krakauer Rogério , Rached Heron Rhydan Saad , Wolosker Nelson , Anand Sonia S. , Eikelboom John W. , Lopes Renato Delascio 
Published: January 2022

Background The COMPASS trial demonstrated that in patients with peripheral arterial disease, the combination of rivaroxaban and aspirin compared with aspirin reduces the risk of major adverse limb events, but it is not known whether this combination can also improve symptoms in patients with intermittent claudication. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the combination on claudication distance. Study design Eighty-eight patients with intermittent claudication will be randomized to receive rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin 100 mg once daily or aspirin 100 mg once daily for 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the change in claudication distance from the baseline to 24 weeks, measured by 6 min walking test and treadmill test. The primary safety outcome is the incidence of major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major bleeding according to the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis criteria. Summary The COMPASS CLAUDICATION trial will provide high-quality evidence regarding the effect of the combination of rivaroxaban and aspirin on claudication distance in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
A case of severe vasculitis after FLOT chemotherapy in a patient with metastatic gastric cancer who received multiple line chemotherapy
Authors: Hendem Engin , Korkmaz Mustafa , Uğraklı Muzaffer , Karakurt Eryılmaz Melek , Karaağaç Mustafa , Araz Murat , Artaç Mehmet 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is a histopathological term describing vasculitis in which the inflammatory infiltrate in small vessels consists of neutrophils. Although FLOT is given perioperatively in locally advanced, resectable gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, it has recently become a popular treatment option for metastatic cancers. In this case report, we present a case of FLOT-induced LCV. Case Report We present a 52-year-old patient with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma treated with FLOT. The patient developed necrotizing vasculitis in the lower extremity after 5 cycles of FLOT. Management & Outcome After discontinuation of the FLOT regimen, the necrotizing morbid LCV gradually regressed with steroid therapy. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, our case is the first case of LCV that developed after FLOT chemotherapy. The clinical appearance of the patient, occurrence after chemotherapy, erythematous rash developing on bilateral lower extremities, and palpable purpuric vasculitis made us suspect. We found a potential relationship between FLOT and vasculitis according to the Naranjo scale (score 4 + ).
Use of enfortumab vedotin in an HIV-positive patient with urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Azizi Armon , Houshyar Roozbeh , Mar Nataliya 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Enfortumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate used in patients with pretreated advanced urothelial carcinoma. Patients with human immunodeficiency virus were excluded from clinical trials conducted with this agent. Efficacy and safety of enfortumab vedotin has not been established in this patient population. Case report A patient with a long-standing diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus and an undetectable viral load on antiretroviral therapy was diagnosed with metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Following disease progression on platinum-based chemotherapy and pembrolizumab, he was initiated on therapy with enfortumab vedotin. Management & outcome The patient developed significant toxicity shortly after initiation of enfortumab vedotin. His treatment was subsequently changed to docetaxel chemotherapy and he developed similar significant toxicity. Upon changing his antiretroviral therapy regimen, he was rechallenged with enfortumab vedotin and was able to tolerate it without dose-limiting toxicity, ultimately achieving a partial treatment response. Discussion This case describes use of enfortumab vedotin in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus, which has not previously been reported. It also underscores the importance of careful medication reconciliation in patients receiving enfortumab vedotin and antiretroviral therapy.
Knowledge and practice towards glaucoma among glaucoma patients at University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center
Authors: Anbesse Dereje Hayilu , W. Gessesse Girum 
Published: January 2022

Background For better treatment outcome, exploring the knowledge of glaucoma and practices among glaucomatous patients is much more important. Objective The aimed of this study was to determine the knowledge and self-care practice and their associated factors towards glaucoma and its medications among glaucoma patients. Methods Cross section design study was conducted between May and July, 2017. The data was collected from glaucoma patients. Descriptive statistics was done to summarize socio demography data and associated factors with good knowledge and good practice were determined using binary logistic regression. Statistically significant variables were generated by considering p-value < 0.05. Results A total of 360 glaucoma patients were participated in this survey. The median age of the participant was 65 years. About 177 (49.25%) (95%CI: 43.9, 54.4) had good knowledge and a total of 197 or 54.7% (95%CI: 49.4, 59.7) had good practice about glaucoma and its medical treatments. The factors such as residence, marital status, educational status and stages of glaucoma of study participants were independently associated with having good knowledge. With respect to practice, educational status, duration of glaucoma, laterality and frequency of follow up were significantly associated with practice status of study participants. Conclusion In this study among glaucoma patients in a tertiary hospital, only half of patients have good knowledge about the disease and good practice pattern. Those with urban residence, higher education status and advanced stage of glaucoma were more likely to have good knowledge.
Factors associated with implementation of a school-based comprehensive program for students with autism
Authors: Odom Samuel L , Sam Ann M , Tomaszewski Brianne 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine influences on the implementation of a school-based comprehensive program for autistic children. Following the conceptual framework suggested by the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) model, variables from the outer context, inner context, and also that were part of the comprehensive program were explored. An index approach was employed for assessing implementation. The study was part of a larger cluster randomized control trial and took place in 39 elementary schools in a southeastern state within the United States. Variables associated with implementation were transformational leadership style of the principal, percentage of students in the school who were white, and adequacy of coaching. Implications for practice and future research were identified. Lay abstract The purpose of this study was to identify influences on the implementation of a school-based, comprehensive program for autistic students. Influences from the community context, from within the school organization, and from features of the intervention itself were examined. The study took place in 39 elementary schools in a southeastern state in the United States. Transformational leadership style of the building principal, percentage of white students at the school (which was proposed as a broader community socioeconomic variable), and adequacy of coaching were all associated with implementation.