bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upper echelons and intra‐organizational learning: How executive narcissism affects knowledge transfer among business units
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhang Lin , Gupta Abhinav , Zheng Xiaoming , Wu Changqi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryWhat affects organizational units' propensity to learn from each other? Extending the insights of upper echelons theory to the business unit level, we examine the relationship between executive narcissism and inter‐unit knowledge transfer. We predict that the narcissism of executives heading business units is negatively related to a unit's receptivity to knowledge emanating from other units. We further theorize that the effect of narcissism is reduced when there is high environmental complexity or dynamism as these challenging situations provide narcissists an excuse for external learning. Conversely, the effect is amplified when high perceived inter‐unit competition enhances narcissists' distinctiveness‐seeking tendencies. Using a two‐wave, multisource survey design and collecting primary data from 118 business units of a headhunting company in China, we find strong support for hypotheses.Managerial SummaryKnowledge transfer among business units inside a multi‐unit firm is beneficial to firm performance but is never easy. Our research suggests that narcissistic executives are likely to impede inter‐unit knowledge transfer, because their sense of superiority may lead them to overestimate the value of internal knowledge and underestimate the value of external knowledge. This tendency is dampened in complex and dynamic environment which give narcissists an excuse for external learning. Conversely, this tendency is amplified by high inter‐unit competition which motivates narcissists to seek distinctiveness with other units. Thus, when seeking to promote inter‐unit knowledge transfer, firms should be aware of the crucial impact of executive narcissism, and more importantly be careful when undertaking relative performance evaluations or other similar practices which strengthen inter‐unit competition.
Synthesis of Magnesium Phosphorous Trichalcogenides and Applications in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Paštika Jan , Oliveira Filipa M. , Mazánek Vlastimil , Sofer Zdeněk , Gusmão Rui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPromising applications of metal phosphorous trichalcogenides (M2P2X6 or MPX3) have been predicted in optoelectronics, photoelectrocatalysis, and water‐splitting reactions, mainly due to its wide bandgap. Transition metals are widely used in the synthesis of MPX3, however, divalent cations of alkaline earth metals can also be constituents in MPX3 2D layered structures. Herein, MgPX3 (X = S, Se) are synthesized and their photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity is tested in the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) regions under a wide range of wavelengths. MgPSe3 photoelectrode shows the best PEC performance with a response of 1.6 ± 0.1 mA cm−2 under 420 nm. In the light‐assisted OER, a 200 mV improvement is obtained in the overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 for MgPSe3. The better performance of MgPSe3 is consistent with its lower optical bandgap (Eg = 3.15 eV), as a result of the variation of electronegativity between selenide and sulfide.
Creating Unidirectional Fast Ion Diffusion Channels in G/NiS2‐MoS2 Heterostructures for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Huang Jianhua , Yao Yongsheng , Huang Ming , Zhang Yufei , Xie Yunfei , Li Mingliang , Yang Liuli , Wei Xiaolin , Li Ziwei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExploring novel electrode composites and their unique interface physics plays a significant role in tuning electrochemical properties for boosting the performance of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, mixed‐dimensional G/NiS2‐MoS2 heterostructures are synthesized in a low‐cost meteorological vulcanization process. The stable graphene supporting layer and nanowire heterostructure guarantee an outstanding structural stability to tolerate certain volume changes during the charge/discharge process. The rational construction of NiS2‐MoS2 heterostructures induces abundant interfaces and unique ion diffusion channels, which render fast electrochemical kinetics and superior reversible capacities for high‐performance SIBs. Interestingly, theoretical studies reveal that the anisotropic diffusion barriers create unidirectional “high‐speed” channels, which can lead to ordered and fast Na+ insertion/extraction in designed heterostructures. G/NiS2‐MoS2 anode exhibits a high capacity of 509.6 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles and a coulombic efficiency >99% at 0.5 A g−1, which also displays excellent cycling performance with the capacity of 383.8 mA h g−1 after the 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Furthermore, full cells are constructed exhibiting a high capacity of 70 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 150 cycles and applied to light LEDs. This study provides a feasible strategy of constructing mixed‐dimensional heterostructures for SIBs with excellent performance and a long service lifetime.
Towards a theory of self‐organizing supply chain clusters
Authors: McDowell Emily , Pepper Matthew , Munoz Aneiros Albert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSupply chain clusters achieve viability by exploiting geographical concentration to gain efficiencies in matching supply and demand. Although the benefits of operating in these environments are understood, little is known about how supply chain clusters form and adapt. From a systems theory perspective, causal events lead to this formation and adaptation and facilitate sustained operation in modern business settings. This paper extends this understanding by theorizing key antecedents responsible for supply chain cluster formation and adaptation, conceptualizing individual firms as agents. Through a characterization of agents as either passive or active, we construct propositions and a conceptual model. The modelling, supported by causal loop diagrams, details the interactions between agents that lead to cluster formation and adaptations to contextual changes in supply chain clusters. These findings can guide policy design that is more effective in enabling the emergence and sustained existence of supply chain clusters through facilitated causal interactions.
Impact of Hydrologic Alteration on Brazos River Pelagophilic Minnows
Authors: Taylor Christopher M. , Mayes Kevin B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe lower Brazos River has been profoundly altered since the construction of multiple impoundments. The resulting river regulation poses problems for organisms adapted to a natural flow regime and is thought to play a major role in the imperilment of seven native minnows (Smalleye Shiner Notropis buccula, Sharpnose Shiner N. oxyrhynchus, Shoal Chub Macrhybopsis hyostoma, Plains Minnow Hybognathus placitus, Ghost Shiner N. buchanani, Silverband Shiner N. shumardi, and Chub Shiner N. potteri) that synchronize spawning during high flow pulses. Four of the species are presumably extirpated from the region, but their declines and losses differed across time. To address potential reasons for species' declines, we assessed pre‐ and postimpoundment changes in flow regime from five gauging stations across the lower Brazos River to identify river flow characteristics that depart from the natural preimpoundment flow regime. For the seven minnows, there was a strong relationship between the year they were last documented and their historical percentage occurrence in the lower river. Differences in flow duration curves and flow behavior were generally consistent with position in the drainage such that the greatest changes occurred in the highly fragmented upper reach of the study area. However, extensive hydrologic alteration was apparent at all five localities. The extirpated species in the lower Brazos River may have been more sensitive to altered flow regimes and accompanying geomorphic change or were population sinks dependent on recolonization or drift from upstream populations. The relationships between pelagic‐broadcast‐spawning minnows and the flow regime are complex, and nonflow variables, such as population fragmentation, thermal regimes, geomorphology, and larval habitat dynamics, should be considered in environmental flow assessments to aid our understanding of biodiversity loss in this group of species across the North American plains. Managing flows to support species that depend on natural flow regimes will require not only a better understanding of their reproductive life histories, but also the ecology and physiology of early life history stages.
Optimization and production of bioplastic from bio waste using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Magesh A. , Jayabalan K. , Kannan R. Rajesh , Rathakrishnan P. , Dilipkumar M. , Suriyaprakash M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe unlimited and biodegradable properties of bioplastics such as polyhydroxyalcanoytes (PHAs) create appropriate benefits instead of synthetic plastics. The final rule of this environmental friendly and nontoxic bioplastic depends on satisfactory cost and in additional efforts toward the need for execution. In this study, we statistically optimized biodegradable waste (pomegranate peel) as a single carbon/nitrogen source to manufacture PHA through Bacillus subitilis NCDC0671 in reference to an efficient waste management practice. Various parameters, such as substrate concentration, temperature, pH, and time duration, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to enhance the production of bioplastic PHA. The optimized values were found to be substrate concentration—5.9 g, temperature—35°C, pH—6.9, and time duration—3 days. The importance of the model was accepted by ANOVA outputs (p ≤ 0.05) with an R2 value of 0.9966. The lower‐cost fermentation medium was created by the present inquiry using pomegranate peel produced in significant quantities of innovative PHA. Bioplastic (PHA) materials were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the pomegranate peel, paste, and biofilm. Product validity is performed by conducting various tests, including the degradation test, swelling test, solubility test, molding test, biodegradability test and elongation test.
The “P” Word Revisited: 8 Principles for Tackling Today’s Questions and Misconceptions about Phonics Instruction
Authors: Flanigan Kevin , Solic Katie , Gordon Lisa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEducators have many questions about phonics instruction centering on topics including programs, approaches, assessment, transfer, and differentiation. We propose 8 principles to (1) help answer these common questions, (2) tackle current misconceptions, and (3) discuss research‐based practices about phonics instruction.
Phosphate oxygen isotope ratios in vegetated riparian buffer strip soils
Authors: Bauke Sara Louise , Wang Ye , Saia Sheila M. , Popp Carina , Tamburini Federica , Paetzold Stefan , Amelung Wulf , von Sperber Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe oxygen isotopic composition of phosphate (δ18OP) in soils and surface water bodies has been used to trace terrestrial P inputs into aquatic ecosystems. However, enhanced biological activity in vegetated riparian buffer strips (VBSs) may lead to an alteration of δ18OP values. The objective of this study was to assess whether enhanced biological cycling of P in VBS soils can be identified using δ18OP values. For this purpose, we sampled temperate grassland soils at various depths along a VBS to grassland transect. Here, we combined sequential P soil extracts with an analysis of δ18OP values. Soil P pool concentrations tended to decrease significantly along the transect from the VBS to the grassland soils; the strength of this relationship varied with P extract, sample depth, and inorganic or organic bonding form. For the δ18OP values of the 1 M HCl‐extractable P we observed a significant negative trend along the VBS to grassland transect, indicating a tendency for accelerated rates of biological cycling of P within the VBS soil profile compared with the upslope soils. We conclude that oxygen isotope‐based assessments of P source contributions to freshwater bodies should consider the enhanced biological turnover of P in VBS soils.
n2v: A density‐to‐potential inversion suite. A sandbox for creating, testing, and benchmarking density functional theory inversion methods
Authors: Shi Yuming , Chávez Victor H. , Wasserman Adam 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFrom the most fundamental to the most practical side of density functional theory (DFT), Kohn–Sham inversions (iKS) can contribute to the development of functional approximations and shed light on their performance and limitations. On the one hand, iKS allows for the direct exploration of the Hohenberg–Kohn and Runge–Gross density‐to‐potential mappings that provide the foundations for DFT and time‐dependent DFT. On the other hand, iKS can guide the analysis and development of approximate exchange–correlation and noninteracting kinetic energy functionals, and diagnose their errors. iKS can also play a similar role in the development of nonadditive functionals for modern density‐based embedding methods. Various strategies to perform iKS calculations have been explored since the inception of DFT. We introduce n2v, a density‐to‐potential inversion Python module that is capable of performing the most useful and state‐of‐the‐art inversion calculations. Currently based on NumPy, n2v was developed to be easy to learn by newcomers to the field. Its structure allows for other inversion methods to be easily added. The code offers a general interface that gives the freedom to use different software packages in the computational molecular sciences (CMS) community, and the current release supports the Psi4 and PySCF packages. Six inversion methods have been implemented into n2v and are reviewed here along with detailed numerical illustrations on molecules with numbers of electrons ranging from ~10 to ~100.This article is categorized under:
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
The degree of integrated water resources management implementation in the Mekong River Delta in Viet Nam
Authors: Van Tra Tran , Nguyen Tu Anh , Linh Le Van , Bach Nguyen Hoang , Son Duong Hong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA comprehensive approach in water resources management, referred to as integrated water resources management (IWRM), is required for successful water resource management. This study determined the degree of IWRM implementation in the Mekong River Delta in Viet Nam using indicator 6.5.1 from the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 6. A Delphi questionnaire approach was used in the study with a set of Knowledge Acquisition for Multiple Experts with Time Scales. The questionnaire was conducted with 21 selected experts for three rounds. The results showed that the degree of IWRM implementation in the Mekong River Delta in Viet Nam is at a medium‐high level. Enabling environment scores significantly better than the three other components, while the finance dimension falls short. This reflects the government's efforts to effectively manage water resources in the region. However, given the limitations in technical and financial capacity for IWRM implementation, this effort is deemed inadequate. The results thus provide an assessment baseline to assist decision makers in addressing the shortcomings of the current state of IWRM.
Cytotoxic Activities of Bis‐cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes Containing Chloro‐substituted κ2N‐terpyridines
Authors: Graf Marion , Böttcher Hans‐Christian , Mayer Peter , Metzler‐Nolte Nils , Thavalingam Sugina , Czerwieniec Rafał 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of two new bis‐cyclometalated compounds [Ir(ptpy)2(κ2N‐terpy‐C6H4Cl‐p)]PF6 [terpy‐C6H4Cl‐p=4'‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,2’:6’,2’’‐terpyridine, (1)], and [Ir(ptpy)2(κ2N‐terpy‐Cl)]PF6 [terpy‐Cl=4'‐chloro‐2,2':6',2''‐terpyridine, (2); ptpy=2‐(p‐tolyl)pyridinato)] are described. The molecular structures of compounds 1 and 2 in the crystal were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. 1 crystallized from dichloromethane/methanol/iso‐hexane in the monoclinic space group P2/n and 2 from the same mixture of solvents in the triclinic space group P−1. Photophysical investigations on 1 and 2 revealed broad unstructured luminescence in the red spectral region with the emission maxima in dichloromethane at 620 and 630 nm respectively. To explore cytotoxic properties of compounds 1 and 2, a colorimetric assay (MTT assay) against prominent cancer cell lines, MCF‐7 and HT‐29, was performed. The determined IC50 values are in the low micromolar range (2–3 μM). In comparison to cisplatin, the tested complexes 1 and 2 exhibit up to >20‐fold (MCF‐7) and >40‐fold (HT‐29) increase in biological activity.
End to End Neural Retrieval for Patent Prior Art Search
Authors: Stamatis Vasileios 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis research will examine neural retrieval methods for patent prior art search. One research direction is the federated search approach, where we proposed two new methods that solve the results merging problem in federated patent search using machine learning models. The methods are based on a centralized index containing samples of documents from all potential resources, and they implement machine learning models to predict comparable scores for the documents retrieved by different resources. The other research direction is the adaptation of end-to-end neural retrieval approaches to the patent characteristics such that the retrieval effectiveness will be increased. Off-the-self neural methods like BERT have lower effectiveness for patent prior art search. So, we adapt the BERT model to patent characteristics in order to increase retrieval performance. We propose a new gate-based document retrieval method and examine it in patent prior art search. The method combines a first-stage retrieval method using BM25 and a re-ranking approach where the BERT model is used as a gating function that operates on the BM25 score and modifies it according to the BERT relevance score. These experiments are based on two-stage retrieval approaches as neural models like BERT requires lots of computing power to be used. Eventually, the final part of the research will examine first-stage neural retrieval methods such as dense retrieval methods adapted to patent characteristics for prior art search.
Die Steuerung der stationären Versorgung in Hessen in der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Risch Ben Michael , Graf Jürgen , Sydow Stefan , Jung Hans-Georg 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über den Verlauf der Covid-19-Pandemie in Hessen, stellt die zentralen Instrumente der Krisenbewältigung durch das Hessische Ministerium für Soziales und Integration (HMSI) im stationären Bereich vor, wirft einen Blick auf die während der Pandemie neu entwickelten Möglichkeiten zur Pandemiebewältigung und zieht ein erstes Fazit. Demnach sind die zentrale Steuerung, die Vorhaltung einer Vernetzungsstruktur sowie eine stringente Planung sowie eine gute Personalausstattung und vernünftige Arbeitsbedingungen die zentralen Erfolgsfaktoren für die Krisenbewältigung. Der Fokus des Aufsatzes liegt dabei auf der Krisenbewältigung und Patientensteuerung im stationären Bereich.
Steuerungsherausforderungen im Krankenhaus
Authors: Blase Nikola , Oswald Julia , Wacker Frank , Wasem Jürgen 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag analysiert den Umgang mit der Covid-19-Pandemie innerhalb der Krankenhäuser und leitet davon Handlungsempfehlungen für das Krankenhausmanagement ab. Dabei geht es sowohl um die Organisation und Ausgestaltung der Patienten- und Personalsteuerung (vorgelagerte Notaufnahmen, Aufnahmestationen, Triage, Covid-19-Testung etc.) als auch um die sich durch die Kontaktbeschränkung ergebene Herausforderung im Umgang mit Besuchern und Lieferanten. Des Weiteren wird auch die betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerung in einer – in allen Belangen – ungewohnten Situation beleuchtet.
Practicalities of Mainstreaming Biomarker Use – A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Mihok Steve , McKee Malcolm 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses the use of biomarkers within the environmental protection framework that has evolved since the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) was given a broad mandate for the protection of the environment under the Nuclear Safety and Control Act (NSCA) in 2000. Unique insights have been obtained through environmental assessments for major nuclear projects conducted under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, and through the Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM) requirements at uranium mines and mills (Metal Mining Effluent Regulations under the Fisheries Act (FA)). Altogether, the Canadian nuclear sector now has 17 years of experience in applying biological evidence in decision-making. Key examples are discussed where improved effluent controls were implemented at uranium mines for three substances (U, Mo, Se) based on risk assessments and supporting biological evidence. In the case of U, potential for localized harm from the chemical toxicity rather than radiological toxicity of U was identified at three older mines through environmental risk assessment. Evidence of potential harm in the field was also obtained from a community ecology bioindicator (benthic invertebrate biodiversity). This led to the improvement of effluent controls for U that were straightforward to implement under the NSCA. In the case of Mo, the weight of evidence for potential health effects on moose and other riparian wildlife from ecological risk assessments (supported by field evidence from Sweden) prompted improved controls based on precaution and pollution prevention. A technological solution was readily available for reducing Mo in effluent and was therefore implemented. In the case of Se, population level effects in fish and individual level effects in waterfowl in the USA led to selenium risks being evaluated downstream of uranium mines. Biomarkers (larval teratogenic deformities) played a pivotal role in attributing observed effects (harm) to the probable cause (selenium accumulation in the environment). However, as technological solutions were not straightforward, effort was required to build a consensus on achievable effluent control targets in a multi-stakeholder and multi-jurisdictional context. Through site-specific research and the latest scientific literature, criteria for selenium risk evaluation and water treatment system improvements were agreed upon and implemented. Within the EEM program, similar issues have arisen in managing a robust and defensible regulatory framework for controls on multiple hazardous substances across many mining sectors. However, an initial review of biomarkers resulted in the selection of only ecologically-relevant parameters (fish health and population indicators, benthic invertebrate biodiversity) as triggers for regulatory action. Altogether, these and other parallel experiences are discussed in terms of the desirable attributes of biological effects monitoring in a Canadian regulatory context.