bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Electrogalvanizing Technology and Chromium-Free Passivation Treatment of 08Al Plate
Authors: Chen Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
An environment-friendly electrogalvanizing technology of 08Al cold rolled steel sheet (CRS) was developed. 08Al CRS sheet was placed as cathode in the electroplating solution containing zinc salt 1-10g/L, organic acid 3-24g/L, complexing agent 0.2-0.8g/L, and Hot-dip galvanized alloyed sheet (GA) as anode. The relationship between the current density and the plating mass per unit area was studied by applying 0.15-2A direct current at room temperature, current density 0.19-2.6A/dm2, and plating time 35min. The relationship between plating mass per unit area and anode thinning per unit area was linear regression by introducing current density as intermediate quantity. The effect of electric power range on the coating mass per unit area was studied under the condition of different concentration of main salt. The chromium-free passivation treatment was also carried out on the surface of electrogalvanizing layer. 08Al electrogalvanized sheet and GA sheet were placed in chromium-free passivation solution containing molybdate 1-10g/L, hydrogen peroxide 1-5g/L, fluorine ion complexing agent 1-10g/L, potassium hydroxide 1-2g/L. The temperature and reaction time of chromium-free passivation solution and the corrosion resistance of chemical conversion film were studied, and the experimental conditions of chromium-free passivation were optimized. The adhesion and corrosion resistance of the coating were tested by scratching test and neutral salt spray test (NSS). The results show that after scratching test, the adhesion of the electrogalvanizing layer on 08Al surface reaches grade 0, and the adhesion of the electrogalvanizing and chemical conversion film composite coating on 08Al surface reaches grade 0. The NSS test showed that the corrosion resistance increased with the increase of the thickness of the galvanizing layer. The corrosion resistance time of the galvanizing layer with the thickness of 15um exceeded 216h. Salt spray resistance time of electric galvanizing layer about 10um is 72-96 h; The salt spray resistance time of electrogalvanizing layer less than 5um is less than 48 h. The salt spray corrosion time of GA plate (galvanized layer thickness is 10-11um) is less than 96 h. After chromium-free passivation treatment, the corrosion resistance of GA plate is more than doubled to 192h. The salt spray corrosion resistance of the composite coating (10-11um thickness) on 08Al with electrogalvanizing and chemical conversion film can reach more than 216h.
Biomass slurry fracture injection as a potential low-cost negative emissions technology
Authors: Snyder Brian F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Negative emissions technologies (NETs) are systems which remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere and sequester it in permanent storage and they are required to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. However, all NETs are limited by biological, physical and economic factors. Here, we model the life cycle emissions, geospatial potential, technoeconomic feasibility of a new NET based on slurry fracture injection, a technique which has been used for decades in the oil and gas industry to dispose of wastes. In the proposed system, called biomass slurry fracture injection (BSFI), biogeneic wastes are injected into fractures created in permeable saline formations. We calculate that the costs of BSFI are generally lower than $95 tonne−1 of CO2 removed, even at biomass prices above $75 dry tonne−1. We conduct a geospatial feasibility analysis of the continental U.S. and conclude that adequate biomass, geological storage and wastewater is available to sequester 80 Mt CO2e yr−1. We use global estimates of potential biomass availability to conclude that a mature industry might sequester on the order of 5 Gt CO2e yr−1, over 10% of contemporary CO2 emissions.
Inverse Higgs phenomena as duals of holonomic constraints
Authors: Gripaios Ben , Tooby-Smith Joseph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The inverse Higgs phenomenon, which plays an important rôle in physical systems with Goldstone bosons (such as the phonons in a crystal) involves nonholonomic mechanical constraints. By formulating field theories with symmetries and constraints in a general way using the language of differential geometry, we show that many examples of constraints in inverse Higgs phenomena fall into a special class, which we call coholonomic constraints, that are dual (in the sense of category theory) to holonomic constraints. Just as for holonomic constraints, systems with coholonomic constraints are equivalent to unconstrained systems (whose degrees of freedom are known as essential Goldstone bosons), making it easier to study their consistency and dynamics. The remaining examples of inverse Higgs phenomena in the literature require the dual of a slight generalisation of a holonomic constraint, which we call (co)meronomic. Our formalism simplifies and clarifies the many ad hoc assumptions and constructions present in the literature. In particular, it identifies which are necessary and which are merely convenient. It also opens the way to studying much more general dynamical examples, including systems which have no well-defined notion of a target space.
Private consumption as a tool for the economic growth of the country
Authors: Roznina N V , Karpova M V , Paliy D V , Borovisnkikh V A , Flakina V M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The private consumption issue is classified as a global one. The urgency of the problem considered is due to the dramatic quantitative, qualitative and structural changes in the system of needs of the Russian population; a reduction in the level of financial resources of the predominant part as well as increased differentiation in terms of consumption between social groups. We consider the dynamics of changes in rational rates of food consumption on average per year by the Russian population from 1960 to 2020, as well as the actual values of consumed food and durable goods for 2018-2020. We have calculated the differentiation coefficient of food consumption based on the comparison of the food consumption by population groups, depending on the level of well-being. The dynamics of the monetary income of the Russian population for 2016-2020 is given. The structure of monetary income is presented. The largest share of it falls on the remuneration of employees.
The use of modern robotic systems in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Shashkova I G , Romanova L V , Kupriyanova M V , Cherkashina L V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents assessment of the role of digital technologies in the co-evolution of all elements of production systems, their comparison with traditional production technologies, the value of strengths and weaknesses of introducing digitalization into production processes of agricultural enterprises, the systematization of the experience of using robotic systems, the importance of disseminating information on the effective management of the digital transformation and the use of robots in the dairy industry. The authors estimate the effect of investments in digital technologies of agricultural enterprises. The classification of agricultural robots is carried out depending on the type of tasks performed. The results of the study of the world market of agricultural robots are presented and the dynamics of global investments in digital technologies of agricultural production is analyzed. The dependence of the result of using robotic systems on the scale of production is revealed. An assessment of the economic feasibility of switching to robotic systems for dairy production has been carried out. The structure and trends of the market of robotic milking systems in the Russian Federation are evaluated. Russian regions are grouped according to the number of operating robotic milking systems. The prospects for the further implementation of robotic systems in the production processes of agricultural enterprises and the role of state support in this process are assessed.
Analysis of the regional food supply
Authors: Roznina Nina , Karpova Maria , Paliy Dmitriy , Borovinskikh Valentina , Shulgina Alla 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Food supply is the most important component of the life support system and indicator of the population quality of life [1, 2]. In the scientific work, the assessment of the food supply level of the region was carried out, using the example of the Saratov region. The authors have identified the dynamics of indicators characterizing the food security of the region: acreage, livestock and poultry population, cost of agricultural products produced, cost of importing food and agricultural raw materials. The production dynamics of certain types of products, their production and personal consumption, as well as losses by volume are considered. With the help of these indicators, the level of self-sufficiency of the Saratov region with food resources of its own production is determined. The dynamics of the staple food consumption and the diet compliance with the recommended norms in kilograms per person per year are considered. The consumption by residents of the Saratov region of such types of food as potato, meat and meat products, vegetables, milk and dairy products does not comply with scientifically established medical standards, which causes a high share of imported products in actual food consumption and threatens the food security of the region.
Influence of the application of UAN-32 and solid nitrogen and complex fertilizers on the yield and quality of oil flax seeds
Authors: Antonova O.I. , Latartsev P.Yu. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the course of two years of research, the effect of application of liquid nitrogen fertilizer UAN-32, ammophos and diammophos, as well as their combined use, pre-sowing application of solid nitrogen fertilizers - ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate - was studied. Studies have shown that under conditions of unstable moisture supply, pre-sowing and starter application of these fertilizers in combination with N69P26 provides a yield of 17.3 c/ha (54.4% increase) N42P42 - 14.1 c/ha (30.5% increase) and N59P42 - 14.8 c/ha (37% increase). The application of UAN-32 at a dose of 150 l/ha with a high supply of soils with phosphorus and potassium increases the yield by 35.7 (15.2 c/ha). The introduction of UAN-32 at a dose of 150 l/ha, against the background of a high soil supply with phosphorus and potassium, increases the yield by 35.7 (15.2 c/ha). The oil yield for these variants increased from 4.6 - 4.61 c/ha to 7.54; 6.1 and 6.51 c/ha, and protein from 2.8-1.77 c/ha to 4.35 and 2.29-2.71 c/ha. Combinations of UAN-32 with ammophos and diammophos contribute to the formation of a higher oil content in seeds, and an increase in the nitrogen dose increases the protein content and yield.
Probabilistic Forecast of Mountain Rivers Runoff in Dagestan and Armenia
Authors: Gaidukova E V , Margaryan V G , Myakisheva N V , Vinokurov I O 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The method of forecasting based on a probabilistic approach has been considered. A system of differential equations for initial moments of the probability density distribution of daily water flow rates is used for the forecast. The forecast values of the first three moments, which characterize daily average value, variation of the water flow rate within the day, and deviation of the average value from the modal one, are the solution to the system of equations. The method is applied to forecast the runoff of spring floods on mountain rivers – the Samur River (Dagestan) and Arpa River (Armenia). The catchments of mountain rivers are characterized by more complex processes of river flow formation. It has been established that the first initial moment is forecast more reliably than the second and third. This approach is very promising for obtaining forecast probability density curves that allow determining the provided values of water flow rates (modules, and runoff layers) for daily solution. Forecasting the probabilistic characteristics of water flow rates allows assessing and preventing the risks of flooding of settlements, hydraulic structures, bridge crossings on roads and railways.
Creation of favorable entrepreneurial ecosystems for the development of youth business in agricultural regions of the South of Russia
Authors: Boris O , Simonov A , Parakhina V 
Published: January 2022

AbstractYouth entrepreneurship plays a key role in achieving the success of the economy of agrarian regions in modern conditions of rapid global transformations taking place under the influence of digitalization and pandemic restrictions. It plays a triune role: it allows to realize the professional aspirations of young people, their desire to work for themselves; to provide a solution to the social problem of employment growth in manpower-surplus agricultural regions, as well as to boost the innovative development of the economy of regions with agricultural specialization. The main purpose of the research is to identify opportunities, difficulties, and obstacles to youth business activity in the agro-industrial complex. The paper provides a more specific study of the interrelation between the characteristics of the business environment (its new realities and dangers) with positive and negative characteristics of young people who are creating their own business in the agro-industrial complex. The conclusions are based on a questionnaire study of the propensity for business of graduates of the largest university of the Stavropol Krai in 2021, which has a developed agricultural specialization. Pragmatic, professional, pessimistic and adventurous models of behavior of young people in the role of a business leader in agriculture are highlighted. The interrelation with the growth of potential for the implementation of innovative projects in the agro-industrial complex is shown. Then, based on the study of international best practices, a list of the main conditions that form an entrepreneurial ecosystem for the development of youth agribusiness is formed, among which a favorable legal and market environment for starting a business, as well as other factors, including social, financial and innovative state, public and entrepreneurial support and the level of quality of local governance, have a great influence.
Introduction of black currant under conditions of Novosibirsk region
Authors: Borovikova T V , Petruk V A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Based on the study of 39 varieties of black currant on a complex of economically valuable features, conclusions were drawn: absolutely resistant varieties to spotted lesions were not revealed, all varieties are tolerant to septoriosis and anthracnose. Two varieties were affected by gall aphids: Minusinsk sweet and Bow Borisova (1 point). Altai early and Sweet-fruited were damaged by the kidney mite up to 30%. Varieties Mysterious, Belated, Compact have reached high overall productivity in the conditions of Novosibirsk region.
Daily dynamics of biopotentials of wheat sprouts under temperature impact
Authors: Seroklinov G V , Gunko A V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article discusses the methodology and results of experimental studies of monitoring the biopotentials of plants in the process of their growth using the example of wheat seedlings when exposed to high and low temperatures. The technique of preliminary processing of the obtained realizations of changes in biopotentials and the results of statistical studies are presented. The regression dependence of the biopotential of wheat seedlings “Novosibirskaya 41” under the influence of high and low temperatures on the age of these plants was obtained.
Scaling up agroforestry’s impacts on livelihoods and ecosystem services
Authors: Dewi S , Martini E , Ekadinata A , Rahayu S , Hendratmo  , Manurung G 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In Indonesia and elsewhere, the minimization of trade-offs between economic and environmental benefits from agroforestry (AF) makes it attractive as rural development solutions that spread from forest margin to peri-urban areas. Lack of technology and skills to increase productivity sustainably, lack of market recognition of the ecosystem services as the co-benefit of AF management, and the dichotomy between agriculture and forestry in the government nomenclature that does not support agroforestry programs contribute to the disappearance of AF practice throughout the country. Due to the utmost diversities of AF management across highly variable local contexts, in scaling up AF’s impacts on livelihoods and ecosystem services, guidelines to identify best options of AF management are needed. The objectives of this study are: (i) develop a framework and a set of principles to characterize best options for AF at landscape level within the broader surrounding regions, under economic geography of peri-urban to forest landscape, considering demands for agroforestry production and ecosystem services; (ii) guide the development of integrated agroforestry-based business models that fit local context and preferences. The paper will illustrate landscape-level AF scaling up through our past green growth planning work that combines spatial and development plans in South Sumatra province.
Response of Ficus variegata seedling size on their early growth in imperata grassland
Authors: Wahyuningtyas R S , Junaidah J , Santosa P B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Ficus variegata is pioneer species that provides pulp raw materials, soil water protection, beehives tree, animal fodder, and medicinal plants. Introduction of F. variegata seedling at Imperata grassland constrained with low plant survival which caused by stressed plants and stagnant growth. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of five F. variegata seedlings size on the initial growth at Imperata grassland. The research was used Randomized Complete Block Design, with 5 seedling sizes for the treatment, there are size A (seedling height 15-50 cm), size B (51-75 cm), size C (76-100 cm), size D (101-125 cm), and size E (126-150 cm). In this research, we observe some parameters like height and stem diameter increment, canopy width, and plant survival at 1, 6, and 12 months old. Different seedling size has a very significant effect at six months old and very significant effect at 12 months old on the height, diameter and width crown increment. Seedling size 15-50 cm has shown faster height growth but has lower survival than another size in the dry season. For rehabilitation Imperata grassland, it is recommended using seedling size 50-125 cm because more adaptive and shown better growth in all parameters.
Diversity of Soil Surface Insects in Three Land Use Types in Sintang District, West Kalimantan
Authors: Juniarti F , Rusniarsyah L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Soil surface insects are organisms that have an important role in the process of decomposing soil organic matter, serving as indicators of soil fertility, and maintaining ecosystem balance. This study aimed to determine the diversity and abundance of soil surface insects on three types of land, namely rubber plantations, rubber agroforestry, and secondary forests and the insect that attacks rubber stems in Sintang District, West Kalimantan. The research method used was field observation, sampling with pitfall traps and measurement of environmental conditions, identification, and data analysis on three types of land. The results showed that 649 individuals were found which were divided into 8 orders of 11 families of 14 species. The highest abundance was found in rubber agroforestry land, the highest insect diversity was in secondary forests. The types of insects found attacking the rubber tree trunks, both dead and alive, were Coptotermes curvignathus in rubber agroforestry and Reticulitermes flavipes in secondary forest and rubber plantations.
The role of forest therapy in promoting physical and mental health: a systematic review
Authors: Satyawan V E , Rusdiana O , Latifah M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Forest therapy is a form of activity used to pursue health benefits from the forest. The term “forest therapy” is often used reciprocally with the terms “forest bathing” and “Shinrin Yoku”. Even with many studies on forest therapy, there remains scarce scientific evidence of a standardised method used in Forest Therapy caused by variations in such treatment programmes. This study aimed to analyse methods used in forest therapy from works of literature from 2017 to 2021. This literature was compiled using Publish or Perish, sorted using the Zotero programme, and visually clustered with the VosViewer programme. 393 research papers were sorted manually based on three criteria: they directly practised forest therapy or forest bathing and analysed its benefit on human health, which was written in English, and accessed online. The 29 items that fit our criteria were further synthesised. Synthesis of these works of literature resulted in the categorisation of methods used for FT intervention. FT methods used by researchers were forest walks, forest viewing, the combination of forest walks and viewing forest landscapes, therapy programmes involving five human senses, doing relaxing activities in the forest and traditional medicine-based therapy. On the other hand, there was also combined methods used. All of these methods benefitted human health. The limitation of this finding is the broad types of forest used for forest therapy. Further research is suggested regarding this matter.
Spread and conditions of growing places for Casuarina equisetifolia L. in the Lombang Beach Area, Sumenep Regency, Madura
Authors: Sa’adah L , Istomo  
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Casuarina equisetifolia is important species in the restoration and rehabilitation of land on the coast because it has good adaptability to coastal conditions. The research was conducted to see the distribution of C. equisetifolia in the Lombang Forest in the three zones (front, middle and back zones), to analyze environmental factors, and to analyze the relationship between vegetation and environmental factors. The method used is a plot of 3 lanes which is then divided into 3 zones, besides that, vegetation analysis and soil sampling are also carried out. The results showed that the spread of cypress species was found to grow in all zones. The highest distribution is in the front, middle, and back zones with 230 individuals, 145 individuals, and 100 individuals, respectively, with a diameter of up to 55 cm and a height of 25.3 m. The results of soil analysis in the three research zones did not show a significant difference, the texture of sand with a value of 98-99%, soil salinity ranged from 79.6 to 82.4, and soil pH ranged from 8.7 to 8.9 while the temperature ranged from 28.38-29.86°C. There is a relation between vegetation and growth factors such as pH, texture, and sand depth.