bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated perceptual decisions rely on parallel evidence accumulation
Authors: Rangelov Dragan , Fellrath Julia , Mattingley Jason 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ability to make accurate and timely decisions, such as judging when it is safe to cross the road, is the foundation of adaptive behaviour. While the computational and neural processes supporting simple decisions on isolated stimuli have been well characterised, in the real world decision-making often requires integration of discrete sensory events over time and space. When crossing the road, for example, the locations and speeds of several cars must be considered. It remains unclear how such integrative perceptual decisions are regulated computationally. Here we used psychophysics, electroencephalography and computational modelling to understand how the human brain combines visual motion signals across space. We directly tested competing predictions arising from influential serial and parallel accounts of visual processing. Using a biologically plausible model of motion filtering, we find evidence in favour of parallel integration as the fundamental computational mechanism regulating integrated perceptual decisions.
The correlation between preoperative serum thyroglobulin and pathological features of thyroid follicular carcinoma
Authors: Lin Yinghe , Wang Peiqing , Chen Zhijiang , Peng Rong , Lai Shuiqing , Li Jinlian , Kuang Jian , Wang Long 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurpose:To explore more meaningful information for making individualized medical decisions for patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), we investigated the correlations between pathological features of FTC and preoperative serum markers, including thyroglobulin (Tg), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), and fT3/fT4 ratio.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 82 patients with FTC. Data collected included demographics (sex and age), pathological features (infiltration extent, tumor stage, presence of multifocal FTC, and presence of concomitant PTC), and preoperative serum markers (Tg, TgAb, TPOAb, TSH, fT3, fT4, and fT3/fT4 ratio). The correlations between preoperative serum markers and pathological features were analyzed.Results:72.0% patients were female. Mean age was 46.4±16.5 years. In univariate analysis, older age (≥55 years) was associated with non-minimally invasive (P=0.016), larger (>T2 category, P=0.006), and multifocal (P=0.034) FTC; elevated preoperative serum Tg level (≥500.00 ng/mL) was associated with non-minimally invasive (P=0.015) and larger (>T2 category, P=0.001) FTC; higher fT3/fT4 ratio (≥0.541) was associated with multifocal FTC (P=0.031). In multivariable analysis, Tg ≥500.00 ng/mL was an independent risk factor for non-minimally invasive FTC [P=0.015, OR=3.289 (1.260-8.583)] and for >T2 category FTC [P=0.001, OR=5.397 (1.963-14.840)]; older age [≥55 years, P=0.045, OR=4.756 (1.037-21.818)] and higher fT3\fT4 ratio [≥0.541, P=0.044, OR=4.626 (1.043-20.525)] was an independent risk factor multifocal FTC, respectively.Conclusions:Preoperative serum Tg was correlated with the local tumor extent and primary tumor diameter of FTC. Further research regarding the utility of preoperative serum Tg in FTC is still needed.
Active site recovery and N-N bond breakage during hydrazine oxidation boosting the electrochemical hydrogen production
Authors: Zhu Libo , Huang Jian , Meng Ge , Wu Tiantian , Chen Chang , Tian Han , Chen Yafeng , Kong Fantao , Chang Ziwei , Cui Xiangzhi , Shi Jianlin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) substituting for oxygen evolution reaction can realize hydrogen production at largely reduced energy consumption. While the HzOR mechanism and the electrochemical utilization rate of hydrazine are still ambiguous. Herein, a bimetallic phosphide heterostructure nanoarrays (Ni-Co-P/NF) fabricated by an interface engineering strategy was used to catalyze both HzOR and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and more intensively, probe the HzOR mechanism. The extra-high HzOR performance is attributed to the instantaneous recovery of metal phosphide active site by hydrazine and the extremely low energy barrier with even a new HzOR pathway of N-N bond breakage, which enables the electrolyzer catalyzed by Ni-Co-P/NF to reach 500 mA cm-2 for H2 production at as low as 0.498 V, and offers a high hydrazine electrochemical utilization rate of 93%. The constructed electrolyzer can be powered by the direct hydrazine fuel cell with Ni-Co-P/NF as anodic catalyst, achieving self-powered hydrogen production at the rate up to 19.6 mol h-1 m-2.
A greedy algorithm for assignment and transportation problems
Authors: Ngoie Ruffin-Benoît M. , Sakulu Jean-Aimé B. , Yamba Lebeau , Nsuadi Glodi , Bonkile Fabrice , Linguma Damos , Ulungu Berthold 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The transportation and the assignment problems have both been frequently investigated in the field of operations research. For a couple of decades, it has been proven that no greedy algorithm can yield an optimal solution to these problems since their respective underlying structures are not matroids. It is shown in this paper that, even though seeking a greedy algorithm to solve one of the aforesaid problems is fanciful, a heuristic method capable of providing good approximations to the optimal solution can be found. The so-called “hybrid greedy algorithm” is a hybridization of the Balas-Hammer and the Hungarian methods. It can be used to solve both the transportation and the assignment problems. It often provides an optimal solution to small assignment problems and it outperforms the Balas-Hammer (Vogel’s approximation method) and other heuristic methods for solving the transportation problem.JEL Classification: C02 , C61 , C63 MSC Classification: 00A72 , 03D15 , 68Q25 , 68U20 , 68W40 , 90C27
Predictors of Sternal Wound Infection Post Cardiac Surgery in a Saudi Centre: A Case Control Study
Authors: Isaac Adil A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Post Cardiac Surgery Sternal Wound Infection (SWI) remains an important cause of extra morbidity, mortality and cost. The objective was to identify risk factors of SWI in a Cardiac Centre in Eastern Saudi Arabia as part of investigation into Surveillance variance in the local rates of SWI. Methods: We included Cases and controls from a cross section of patients who underwent major Cardiac surgery between 2017–2020 matched for age, gender and time of surgery. Explanatory Logistic Regression Model was fitted to estimate the risk factors. Results: N = 204 (51 cases and 153 controls matching ratio 1:3, from a source population of 985 patients). factors significantly associated with SWI in the final Multivariate Model: Hospital stay OR(1.05, Cl 1.01–1.10), Graft Conduit BIMA vs No Graft OR(10.94,Cl 1.60-74.63), transfusion of both packed cells plus other blood products vs no transfusion OR(3.53, Cl .93-13.44), HbA1c OR(1.09 Cl 0.84–1.41), BMI OR(1.25, Cl 1.04–1.50), perioperative Blood Glucose OR(1.02, Cl 1.004–1.03), surgery time OR(1.19, Cl 1.00-1.58). Conclusions: the diverse aetiology, cross disciplinary nature of SWI prevention, and despite improved prevention and control practices including related care bundles with their proven value, SWI remain a serious challenge in Cardiac Surgery. Multidisciplinary consensus guidelines are well overdue.
Ultrasmall Fe3O4 and Gd2O3 hybrid nanoparticles for T1-weighted MR imaging of cancer
Authors: Sarikhani Abolfazl , Alamzadeh Zahra , Beik Jaber , Irajirad Rasoul , Mirrahimi Mehri , Mahabadi Vahid Pirhajati , Kamrava S. Kamran , Ghaznavi Habib , Khoei Samideh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GdCAs) have been the most frequently used T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for decades. However, they have serious disadvantages such as low longitudinal relaxivity value (r1) and high dose associated-nephrotoxicity that restrict their wide applications. These emphasize the need for an ideal stable and biocompatible T1-weighted CA with high contrast enhancement performance. Here, we propose a wet-chemical synthesis technique to form a nanocomposite consisting of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles (US-IO) and Gd2O3 hybrid nanoparticles stabilized with dextran (FG-HNPs) for T1-weighted MR imaging. Relaxometry study showed that FG-HNPs have a high r1 value (42.28 mM− 1S− 1) and low relaxivity ratio (r2/r1: 1.416) at 3.0 T. In vivo MRI contrast enhancement factor (ΔSNR) for FG-HNPs (257.025 ± 17.4%) was found to be 1.99-fold higher than US-IO (129.102 ± 15%) and 3.35-fold higher than Dotarem (76.71 ± 14.2%) as routinely-used T1-weighted CA. The cytotoxicity assay and histological examination confirmed the biocompatibility of FG-HNPs. The biodistribution study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Prussian blue (PB) staining of tumor tissue proved the effective tumor localization of FG-HNPs. Therefore, FG-HNPs can be suggested as a promising CA for T1-weighted MRI of tumors by virtue of their remarkable relaxivities and high biocompatibility.
Al-doped ZnO based long range optical fibre sensor for efficient low refractive index detection
Authors: Kumar Hemant , Kumar Raj , Ramani Umang , Singh Bipin K. , Pandey Praveen C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this article, simulation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based Al-doped ZnO (AZO) coated long-range low refractive index detections in infrared range sensor by the finite element method (FEM) is presented. Plasmonic material Al-doped ZnO used for SPR condition in the desired range. The effect of thickness of the AZO layers on resonance wavelength, confinement loss, and sensitivity of the proposed sensor has been examined for different analyte refractive index. These parameters do not change with AZO layers width variation. We have optimized coated AZO layer thickness 90 nm and width 124.70 µm in our work. The proposed infrared sensor has achieved refractive index sensitivity 2000-16000 nm/RIU and resolution 5.00x10-5 - 6.25x10-6 RIU for refractive index of analyte range from 1.23 to 1.37. The proposed sensor is useful for detection of low refractive index organic chemical, biomedical, liquid foods and may be used other analyte sensing applications.
Protected Wildlife Identification System using Decision Tree based on Morphological Features to Support Wildlife Conservation in Indonesia
Authors: Hermadi Irman , Wulandari Wulandari , Alikodra Hadi Sukadi , Ramadhani Ramadhani , Zulfikri Zulfikri , Tajalli Arief 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most endemic wildlife in Indonesia is under serious threat, as their habitat is lost due to forest clearing and illegal hunting by trade associations. A significant challenge that hinders law enforcement of illegal wildlife trading is the lack of knowledge and inconvenient methods for identifying the wildlife (protected or not). We suggest an identification system by implementing mobile and web applications. A decision tree is implemented in the application to identify the wildlife. Seven hundred thirty-two species listed on the Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. 106 of 2018 are used in this study. The decision tree for each group (mammals, aves, and herpetofauna) is developed as the classification method to find the suitable candidate species based on the given attributes. The user can select the appropriate species based on the candidate photos displayed on the application. After the user's input is processed, the application will show three species with the most similar features. 95% of the given test cases gave candidates that matched the target. For its ease of use, thus the model is implemented as a mobile application.
Hybrid Eco-friendly Coating on Bamboo Fabric through Taguchi Formulations for Flame and Thermal Resistance
Authors: Prabhakar M. N. , Ruiwen Yu , LEE Dong Woo , Song Jung-IL 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The flammability of natural fibers is their main limitation in high-temperature engineering applications, a contemporary issue in the present green engineering sector. Therefore, the current investigation focused on developing fire-resistant natural fibers through surface coating with hybrid biochemicals using the Taguchi approach (L9 orthogonal array). The low-cost and eco-friendly chemicals, chitosan (CTS), sodium bicarbonate (SBC), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP), were utilized by dissolving 3 wt.% and 6 wt.% of each in an aqueous medium and coating the mixture on bamboo nonwoven fibers (BNF). The surface chemistry of the modified BNF was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of the hybrid coating on the flammability and thermal stability of the BNF was studied. The experimental results indicate that the synergistic effect of the chemicals through the intumescent mechanism effectively improved the flame resistance of BNFs. The results of the vertical burning test of the coated fibers indicated their exceptional self-flame-extinguishment, reaching the V0 level, with excellent thermal stability, and almost 40 wt.% residue at 700°C. Overall, the hybrid coat could enhance the flame-resistant properties of natural fibers, thereby overcoming the limitations of natural fibers and making them suitable for use as sub-structural components in engineering applications as reinforcements.
CD20/TNFR1 dual-targeting antibody enhances lysosome rupture-mediated cell death in B cell lymphoma
Authors: Kim Jeong Ryeol , Lee Donghyuk , Kim Yerim , Kim Joo Young 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Obinutuzumab is a therapeutic antibody for B cell non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (BNHL), which is a glyco-engineered anti-CD20 antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and causes binding-induced direct cell death (DCD) through lysosome membrane permeabilization (LMP). Tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), a pro-inflammatory death receptor, also evokes cell death, partly through lysosomal rupture. As both obinutuzumab- and TNFR1-induced cell deaths are mediated by LMP and combining TNFR1 and obinutuzumab can amplify LMP-mediated cell death, we made dual-targeting antibody for CD20 and TNFR1 to enhance DCD of obinutuzumab. Obinutuzumab treatment induced CD20 and TNFR1 colocalisation, and TNFR1-overexpressing cells showed increased obinutuzumab-induced DCD. Two targeting modes, anti-CD20/TNFR1 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), and obinutuzumab-TNFα fusion proteins (OBI-TNFαWT and OBI-TNFαMUT) were designed to cluster CD20 and TNFR1 on the plasma membrane. OBI-TNFαWT and OBI-TNFαMUT showed significantly enhanced LMP, DCD, and ADCC compared with that induced by obinutuzumab. TNFR1 expression is upregulated in many BNHL subtypes compared to that in normal B cells; OBI-TNFαMUT specifically increased DCD and ADCC in a B-cell lymphoma cell line overexpressing TNFR1. Further, OBI-TNFαMUT blocked NF-κB activation in the presence of TNF-α, implying that it can antagonise the proliferative role of TNF-α in cancers. Our study suggests that dual-targeting of CD20 and TNFR1 can be a new therapeutic strategy for improving BNHL treatment. The OBI-TNFαMUT fusion protein enhances DCD and ADCC and prevents the proliferating effect of TNFα signalling; therefore, it may provide precision treatment for patients with BNHL, especially those with upregulated TNFR1 expression.
Pareto technique optimization for 3D NOC architecture
Authors: SUSHMA G , Gopalakrishnan LAKSHMINARAYANAN , KO SEOK-BUM 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Network on-Chip (NoC) – the network-based communication between operational cores and intellectual property cores in a single chip – has been eliciting much interest in recent years. The major barrier to the effective design of NoCs has been high-speed data transfer and connections that are only required when necessary in massively parallel, multi-core, low-power applications. To solve these issues, a new technique called Pareto African Buffalo Optimized Mapping Weighted Directive Graph Theory (PABOMWDGT) is proposed in this study. The suggested method aims to locate efficient operational cores integrated on the device in the shortest time and demonstrate the effectiveness of 3D NoC. In this approach, a selection of IP cores from the benchmark dataset are first listed along with their connections. The mapping approach on the 3D NoC topology is optimized for the African buffalo. Random initialization of the IP cores (also known as buffalos) in the optimization technique's search space is performed. Every IP core in the population is used to estimate the various objective functions. The Pareto function is then examined using the African buffalo optimization technique of Deming Regression. A fitness metric is employed to determine the best fit. The position of the buffalos is updated and the best option is identified when one buffalo's fitness level exceeds that of the other. The process is repeated until the maximum number of iterations is reached. Then, mapping is done based on the probability. It is seen that it takes less time to develop an effective mapping of cores in the 3D NoC architecture. Experimental results show that the proposed PABOMWDGT technology is superior to state-of-art techniques with a 0.74 packet / cycle / IP block throughput, 140 clock cycle delay, and 11 ms computation time.
Higher serum uric acid with a high eGFR is associated with decreased risk of low muscle strength in aged population: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Yu Cheng , Chen Si Liang , Dong Ying , Shi Ying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the interaction between serum uric acid levels with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to low muscle strength (LMS) in a large Chinese elderly population.MethodsCohort data were obtained from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011 and 2015. Two thousand seven hundred forty-five community-dwelling older participants were enrolled for the follow-up. Serum uric acid was collected after 8 hours of fasting, and handgrip strength was measured with a dynamometer. eGFR was calculated with an equation based on the Chinese population. A generalized additive model was employed for interaction analysis and progressively adjusted confounders.ResultsIn this study, we found that men with a low eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) reported higher SUA levels (5.91 ± 1.27) and older (72.53 ± 6.38) than those who had a high eGFR while women share the same difference with a lower eGFR in higher SUA levels (5.00 ± 1.34) and older (72.81 ± 6.83). After progressively adjusting covariates, in females, the OR for higher eGFR with higher SUA level remained significantly with low muscle strength (OR=0.80 95%CI=0.68-0.95 P=0.0102). This correlation, however, was not observed in men.ConclusionsThis population-based cohort study in Chinese revealed that high serum uric acid level with higher eGFR seems to be significantly associated with a lower risk of low muscle strength in the elderly, especially in females.
Early ECMO Initiation as a Bridge for Central Airway Obstruction Patients Caused by Neck and Chest Tumors to Emergency Surgery Operations
Authors: Liang LianJing , Su ShiTong , He YaRong , Peng YaLan , Xu ShuYun , Liu Yang , Zhou YaXiong , Yu HaiFang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Central airway obstruction caused by neck and chest tumors is a very dangerous oncological emergency with high mortality. Unfortunately, due to its rare literature, no clear evidences or definitive guidelines are currently available for this life-threating condition. Providing effective airway managements, adequate ventilatory and emergency surgical interventions is very important. However, traditional airway managements and respiratory support has only limited effect. Currently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used to manage cardiac and respiratory failure. In our center, using ECMO as a novel approach to manage difficult airway has been adopted since 2021. In the present study, we aim to show the feasibility: using early ECMO to manage difficult airway, provide oxygenation and support surgical procedure for patients with critical airway stenosis caused by neck and chest tumors.
Methods
Clinical records of patients admitted for central airway obstruction caused by neck and chest tumors to the Emergency Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2021 to December 2021 were collected. Clinico-pathological characteristics, details of ECMO, surgical management, and outcomes were analyzed.
Results
Three patients were admitted; Acute dyspnea and cyanosis were the most frequent symptoms at diagnosis. Laboratory findings showed abnormal descending arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2). Meanwhile, CT always revealed abnormal findings: central airway obstruction caused by neck and chest tumor/mass. All cases (3/3) had definite difficult airway. All cases received ECMO support immediately and emergency surgical procedure. Venovenous ECMO was the common mode for all cases. 3 patients weaned off ECMO successfully without any ECMO-related complications. Mean duration of ECMO was 3 hours (range: 1.5–4.5 hours). Under early ECMO support, difficult airway management and emergency surgical procedure were finished successfully for all cases (3/3). The mean ICU stay was 3.3 days (range: 1–7 days), and the mean general ward stay was 3.3 days (range: 2–4 days).
Effects of one-stage posterior hemivertebrectomy for hemivertebral imbalance on spinal imbalance and shoulder balance: A retrospective study
Authors: Chen Hai-Wei. , Lei Shuan-Hu. , Zhang Guang-Zhi. , Zhang Cang-Yu. , Luo Zhang-Bin. , Li Lei. , Zhu Da-Xue. , Yang Feng-Guang. , Kang Xue-Wen. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground One-stage posterior hemivertebrectomy is widely used for the treatment of hemivertebral-induced scoliosis. However, reports on posterior hemivertebrectomy evaluating hemivertebral-induced spinal imbalance and shoulder balance remain scarce. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the effects of one-stage posterior hemivertebrectomy on spinal imbalance and shoulder balance. Methods Clinical data of 49 patients with scoliosis caused by congenitally imbalanced hemivertebra who underwent posterior hemivertebrectomy between January 2018 and March 2021 were evaluated. Radiographic parameters included sagittal Cobb angle, total main Cobb angle, coronal balance, T1 tilt angle, clavicle angle (CA), shoulder lengthdifference (RSH), T1–S1 length, sagittal kyphosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical alignment, L1 pelvic incidence angle, sacral inclination angle, and pelvic incidence angle. After descriptive analysis, the demographic and radiological data were compared. Results The preoperative RSH, CA, and T1 tilt angles of the shoulder imbalance group were significantly different from those of the shoulder balance group (P < 0.001). After surgical treatment, shoulder imbalance was significantly improved at the last follow-up than before surgery (P < 0.05). At the last follow-up, a significant difference in the T1 tilt angle was observed between the shoulder imbalance group and shoulder balance group (P < 0.05); however, no significant differences in the RSH and CA were observed between the two groups. Surgical treatment may significantly improve shoulder imbalance caused by imbalanced hemivertebral. Additionally, thoracic and lumbar hemivertebrectomy had a greater impact on shoulder balance, and lumbar hemivertebrectomy was more likely to cause coronal and sagittal imbalances. Conclusion In patients with congenital scoliosis caused by imbalanced hemivertebra, posterior hemivertebrectomy combined with short-segment pedicle screw fixation can provide good correction of scoliotic curve, coronal and sagittal plane imbalances, and shoulder imbalance. No serious complications were observed.