bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Topical Nasal Anesthetic on Comfort and Swallowing in High‐Resolution Impedance Manometry
Authors: Kwong Seh Ling , Hernandez Ester G. , Winiker Katharina , Gozdzikowska Kristin , Macrae Phoebe , Huckabee Maggie‐Lee 
Published: January 2022

Objectives/HypothesisUse of topical nasal anesthetic (TNA) is common in high‐resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). This study investigated the effect of TNA on swallowing and procedure tolerability during HRIM with a 4.2‐mm catheter, a more commonly used catheter size with impedance capabilities.Study DesignRandomised experimental study with blinding of participants.MethodsTwenty healthy participants (mean age = 33 years, 16 female) were randomized to undergo HRIM using the ManoScan™ ESO Z 4.2‐mm catheter twice, 1 week apart, under two conditions: with TNA (viscous lidocaine) and with placebo. Analyses included esophageal data of three saliva, three saline (5 mL), and three bread swallows (2 cm × 2 cm) performed while reclined 45°, and pharyngeal data under the same conditions while seated upright. Pharyngeal and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) HRIM parameters were analyzed using the Swallow Gateway analysis platform. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores rating procedural comfort were analyzed.ResultsThere were no significant physiological differences in pharyngeal and UES parameters between conditions. There were also no significant differences in VAS scores under placebo (mean = 54.8, standard deviation (SD) = 19.3) and TNA (mean = 60.0, SD = 21.9) (t[19] = −0.9, P = .4) conditions; however, there was a significant difference in the first versus second session (t[19]) = 5.1, P < .05).ConclusionsTNA did not improve comfort, but it also did not significantly affect swallowing behavior. There was, however, a practice effect regardless of TNA use with improved tolerance of the 4.2‐mm catheter and likely more natural swallowing behavior during the second session of HRIM.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:2124–2131, 2022
Role of physico‐chemical properties of the soil in badlands forming processes around Chitrakoot, India
Authors: Singh Nikhilesh , Jha Medha , Tignath Sanjay , Singh Bhola Nath , Chattopadhyay Arghya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEco‐restoration attempts in badlands are generally not fully successful because physical solutions such as reshaping and leveling of gullies and ravines to check erosion and soil losses prove to be temporary in nature. In this context, it leads to conceptualization that the cause of badland formation is not merely topographical but should be related to changes in the intrinsic properties of soils. There is a lack of understanding as to the formative role of physico‐chemical characteristics of soils in the formation of badlands. The objective of our study is to determine such critical physico‐chemical characteristics of soils that are responsible for the onset of a self‐aggravating erosive network of badlands by undertaking a case‐study of part of the Mandakini River watershed, Chitrakoot, India. Standard IS codes were followed in determining these properties. These soils have a silt‐loam texture with high bulk density. Depletion of clays lowered Atterberg limits which consequently rendered the soils unstable even at low values of moisture content. The overlay analysis of these properties and drainage frequency shows perfect superimposition in categorizing badlands into zones of the severity of degradation. The chemistry of these soils has low sodium, high calcium with the presence of calcretes, low organic matter, and a low amount of illites and are mostly alkaline. The outcome of the study is helpful in understanding mutual interdependence between soil characteristics and processes of badlands that led to the intensification of rills‐gullies‐channels network. The findings would be useful in land management planning.
Tuning magnetic response and ionic conductivity of electrospun hybrid membranes for tissue regeneration strategies
Authors: Hermenegildo Bruno , Correia Daniela M. , Ribeiro Clarisse , Serra João P. , Pérez Leyre , Vilas‐Vilela José L. , Lanceros‐Méndez Senentxu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectrospun membranes play an increasing role in tissue regeneration base on their suitable morphological features. The implementation of active response, such as magnetically responsiveness or piezo‐ionic features can further improve tissue regeneration by better resembling varying microenvironment during cell culture. In this context, this work reports on the development of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) oriented (O) and randomly (R) oriented electrospun fibers containing different amounts of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4, NP) or ionic liquid (IL) choline bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide ([Chol][TFSI]) (5, 10, and 15% wt).The addition of the fillers did not result in significant differences in the morphology of the electrospunfibers or their degradation temperature. PVDF‐O + IL fibers present diameters between 0.98 and 1.28 μm, crystallinity between 52% and 59% and electroactive PVDF β‐phase content between 73% and 88%. PVDF‐R + IL fiber diameter ranges from 1.29 to 1.97 μm, crystallinity between 46% and 55% and β‐phase content between 79% and 82%. The PVDF‐O + Fe3O4 fiber diameter varied between 0.81 and 1.07 μm, crystallinity between 48% and 59% and β‐phase between 73% and 81%. The effective NP content in the fibers followed a nearly linear relation with the theoretical values, with experimental yields between 93% and 97%. Further, the inclusion of IL into PVDF matrix leads to an increase of the ionic conductivity up to 2.6 × 10−9 S.cm−1 for the sample with 15% IL content. Finally, the potential of the materials for tissue engineering was evaluated, by analyzing its cytotoxicity for L929 fibroblasts, with cell viability results of over 90% indicating the cytocompatibility of these materials.
Head‐to‐tail cyclization of side chain‐protected linear peptides to recapitulate genetically‐encoded cyclized peptides
Authors: Bouayad‐Gervais Samir , St‐Cyr Daniel J. , Courcelles Mathieu , Bonneil Éric , Gohard Florence H. , Thibault Pierre , Earnshaw William C. , Tyers Mike 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGenetically‐encoded cyclic peptide libraries allow rapid in vivo screens for inhibitors of any target protein of interest. In particular, the Split Intein Circular Ligation of Protein and Peptides (SICLOPPS) system exploits spontaneous protein splicing of inteins to produce intracellular cyclic peptides. A previous SICLOPPS screen against Aurora B kinase, which plays a critical role during chromosome segregation, identified several candidate inhibitors that we sought to recapitulate by chemical synthesis. We describe the syntheses of cyclic peptide hits and analogs via solution‐phase macrocyclization of side chain‐protected linear peptides obtained from standard solid‐phase peptide synthesis. Cyclic peptide targets, including cyclo‐[CTWAR], were designed to match both the variable portions and conserved cysteine residue of their genetically‐encoded counterparts. Synthetic products were characterized by tandem high‐resolution mass spectrometry to analyze a combination of exact mass, isotopic pattern, and collisional dissociation‐induced fragmentation pattern. The latter analyses facilitated the distinction between targets and oligomeric side products, and served to confirm peptidic sequences in a manner that can be readily extended to analyses of complex biological samples. This alternative chemical synthesis approach for cyclic peptides allows cost‐effective validation and facile chemical elaboration of hit candidates from SICLOPPS screens.
Evaluation of the safety of cefepime prolonged infusions in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Imburgia Taylor A. , Engdahl Samantha R. , Pettit Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivePediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients possess unique pharmacokinetics and may benefit from prolonged beta‐lactam infusions to optimize pharmacodynamics. This study compared adverse drug event (ADE) rates with cefepime prolonged (PI) and standard infusions (SI).MethodsThis retrospective study included pediatric patients treated with cefepime for CF exacerbations between 2009 and 2019. One encounter per patient was analyzed with prioritization of SI encounters given sample size limitations. Baseline lab abnormalities, seizure disorders, and bleeding were exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was a composite safety endpoint (acute kidney injury [AKI], hepatotoxicity, hematologic toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hypersensitivity).ResultsOf 188 patients, 135 received PI and 53 received SI. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. More PI patients used CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators (25% vs. 0%, p < 0.01) or had antibiotic allergies (62% vs. 38%, p = 0.02). Difference in rates of composite safety endpoint was not statistically significant between PI and SI (21 [15.6%] vs. 6 [11.3%] p = 0.46) nor was incidence of AKI (16 [11.8%] vs. 6 [11.3%], p = 0.92). Other ADEs were rarely observed. Length of stay (12.2 vs. 10.1 days, p = 0.06), change in discharge ppFEV1 from admission (13 vs. 12, p = 0.91) or from baseline (−4 vs. −6.5, p = 0.33), and time to next exacerbation (249.7 vs. 192.5 days, p = 0.93) were similar.ConclusionsNo difference in risk of ADEs including AKI was seen with cefepime PI in pediatric CF patients. Clinical outcomes were not significantly different between groups, but sample size may have limited comparison. PI cefepime may be considered in pediatric CF patients to optimize pharmacodynamics.
Sanitary measures considerably improve the management of resistant Norway rats on livestock farms
Authors: Esther Alexandra , Hansen Sabine C , Klemann Nicole , Gabriel Doreen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNorway rats (Rattus norvegicus) need to be controlled to prevent transmission of pathogens and damages to stored products and material, leading to considerable economic risks and losses. Given increasing resistance in Norway rats, the most persistent, bio‐accumulative and toxic anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used for management, which presents hazards to the environment especially for non‐target species. We investigated how sanitary measures improved management of Norway rats on 12 paired livestock farms in a region of Germany with a high population of resistant rats for reducing application of rodenticides. We recorded food intake, and tracked activity and resistance frequency during the pre‐treatment, treatment and post‐treatment periods.RESULTSIn the post‐treatment period, farms using sanitary measures had a higher control success with > 13% more bait boxes without feeding than farms not using sanitary measures. In addition, the reoccurrence of rats was delayed by 85 days. With increasing accessibility to buildings and more precise positioning of the boxes, control success improved, especially when rats could not spread from water‐bearing ditches through the sewer system, and when rat‐hunting animals were present. Resistant animals were more common indoors than outdoors, and there were more resistant rats recorded before and during treatment than in the post‐treatment period.CONCLUSIONThe control success was substantially higher and reoccurrence was delayed using sanitary measures on farms. Sanitary measures can reduce resistance indirectly due to delayed re‐colonization and establishment of resistant populations inside buildings. Hence, sanitary measures help to reduce economic losses, rodenticides required for rat management and environmental risk especially in the resistance area. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Viability of half‐sandwich complex of heavier group‐14 elements (SiPb) with neutral Be3ring and its potential application asH2storage material
Authors: Kalita Amlan J. , Dutta Priyanka , Yashmin Farnaz , Borah Ritam R. , Deka Rinu P. , Guha Ankur K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh level ab initio calculations were carried out to establish the half‐sandwich structural behavior of heavier group‐14 elements (SiPb) with neutral Be3ring fragment and their molecular hydrogen adsorption capacity. The proposed complexes are found to be global minima on the potential energy surface after a rigorous systematic isomeric search. Quantum chemical investigation revealed that the complexes found possess high bond dissociation energy and also favorable thermodynamics of their formation. The complexes were also found to possess significant aromatic behavior. Among all the complexes, gravimetric density reaches more than the target level by US DOE in case of Be3Si and Be3Ge system which makes them potential target for molecular H2storage. Furthermore, the average adsorption energy,Eadfor these two complexes ranges between physisorption and chemisorption process, thereby suggesting their reversible H2storage property.
Preoperative planning using computed tomography in tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: A comparison with conventional radiography
Authors: Kim Jayon , Ko Jaeeun , Eom Kidong , Kim Jaehwan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundTibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) is currently one of the most common surgical procedures for the correction of the stifle joint with a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament. TPLO is based on the preoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA); therefore, it is essential to optimise the consistency and repeatability of TPA measurements.ObjectivesThis study aims to compare computed tomography (CT) with conventional radiography in the preoperative planning of TPLO.MethodsThis prospective study included six dogs (12 hindlimbs) and 13 canine cadaveric hindlimbs. In the six beagle dogs, TPAs were measured by three radiologists using digital radiographic and CT images to evaluate the intra‐ and inter‐observer agreement. To evaluate the intra‐observer agreement of the TPA before and after surgery, and the intended angle of the postoperative TPA according to the preoperative planning method, 13 cadaveric hindlimbs were evaluated thrice at random by a single radiologist.ResultsThe intra‐ and inter‐observer intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of the CT method were higher than those of the radiographic method in normal beagle dogs. The intra‐observer ICC of the CT method before and after TPLO was generally higher than that of the radiographic method in the cadaver. However, no significant difference was noted in the evaluation of the intended postoperative TPA according to the preoperative planning method.ConclusionsThe intra‐ and inter‐observer ICCs allowed for easy identification of landmarks required to consistently determine the TPA in the preoperative planning of TPLO based on CT images.
The holographic c-theorem and infinite-dimensional Lie algebras
Authors: Bergshoeff Eric A. , Ozkan Mehmet , Zöğ Mustafa Salih 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We discuss a non-dynamical theory of gravity in three dimensions which is based on an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra that is closely related to an infinite-dimensional extended AdS algebra. We find an intriguing connection between on the one hand higher-derivative gravity theories that are consistent with the holographic c-theorem and on the other hand truncations of this infinite-dimensional Lie algebra that violate the Lie algebra structure. We show that in three dimensions different truncations reproduce, up to terms that do not contribute to the c-theorem, Chern-Simons-like gravity models describing extended 3D massive gravity theories. Performing the same procedure with similar truncations in dimensions larger than or equal to four reproduces higher derivative gravity models that are known in the literature to be consistent with the c-theorem but do not have an obvious connection to massive gravity like in three dimensions.
Hybrid inflation and waterfall field in string theory from D7-branes
Authors: Antoniadis Ignatios , Lacombe Osmin , Leontaris George K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe present an explicit string realisation of a cosmological inflationary scenario we proposed recently within the framework of type IIB flux compactifications in the presence of three magnetisedD7-brane stacks. Inflation takes place around a metastable de Sitter vacuum. The inflaton is identified with the volume modulus and has a potential with a very shallow minimum near the maximum. Inflation ends due to the presence of “waterfall” fields that drive the evolution of the Universe from a nearby saddle point towards a global minimum with tuneable vacuum energy describing the present state of our Universe.
Calibration of the Latest Generation Superconducting Gravimeter iGrav-043 Using the Observatory Superconducting Gravimeter OSG-CT040 and the Comparisons of Their Characteristics at the Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics, Luxembourg
Authors: Elsaka Basem , Francis Olivier , Kusche Jürgen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn December 2019, the latest generation transportable superconducting gravimeter (SG) iGrav-043 purchased by the University of Bonn was installed in the Walferdange Underground Laboratory for Geodynamics (WULG) in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In this paper, we estimate the calibration factor of the iGrav-043, which is essential for long-term gravity monitoring. We used simultaneously collected gravity data from the un-calibrated iGrav-043 and the calibrated Observatory superconducting gravimeter OSG-CT040 that operates continuously at WULG since 2002. The tidal analysis provides a simple way to transfer the calibration factor of one SG to the other. We then assess and compare tidal analyses, instrumental drifts and high frequency noises. After 20 years of continuous operation, the instrumental drift of the OSG-CT040 is almost zero. From 533 days of joint operation, we found that the instrumental drift of iGrav-043 exhibits a composite behavior: just after the setup and for two months a fast exponential decrease of 171 nm s−2, then a linear with a rate of 66 nm s−2 ± 10 nm s−2 per year. We suggest that a period of 3 months is sufficient for calibrating the iGrav. Accidental electrical power cuts triggered slight differences in the reaction and recovery of the OSG-CT040 and iGrav-043. However, it has been found that the long-term linear behavior of the drift was not affected.
Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Concomitant Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Weller Johannes M. , Meissner Julius N. , Stösser Sebastian , Dorn Franziska , Petzold Gabor C. , Bode Felix J. ,   GSR-ET investigators, Reich A. , Nikoubashman O. , Röther J. , Eckert B. , Braun M. , Hamann G. F. , Siebert E. , Nolte C. H. , Bohner G. , Eckert R. M. , Borggrefe J. , Schellinger P. , Berrouschot J. , Bormann A. , Kraemer C. , Leischner H. , Petersen M. , Stögbauer F. , Boeck-Behrens T. , Wunderlich S. , Ludolph A. , Henn K. H. , Gerloff C. , Fiehler J. , Thomalla G. , Alegiani A. , Schäfer J. H. , Keil F. , Tiedt S. , Kellert L. , Trumm C. , Ernemann U. , Poli S. , Liman J. , Ernst M. , Gröschel K. , Uphaus T. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) are standard of care in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. Data on MT in patients with intracranial hemorrhage prior to intervention is limited to anecdotal reports, as these patients were excluded from thrombectomy trials.

Methods
We analyzed patients from an observational multicenter cohort with acute ischemic stroke and endovascular treatment, the German Stroke Registry—Endovascular Treatment trial, with intracranial hemorrhage before MT. Baseline characteristics, procedural parameters and functional outcome at 90 days were analyzed and compared to a propensity score matched cohort.

Results
Out of 6635 patients, we identified 32 patients (0.5%) with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion and preinterventional intracranial hemorrhage who underwent MT. Risk factors of intracranial hemorrhage were head trauma, oral anticoagulation and intravenous thrombolysis. Overall mortality was high (50%) but among patients with a premorbid modified Rankin scale (mRS) of 0–2 (n = 15), good clinical outcome (mRS 0–2) at 90 days was achieved in 40% of patients. Periprocedural and outcome results did not differ between patients with and without preinterventional intracranial hemorrhage.

Conclusion
Preinterventional intracranial hemorrhage in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion is rare. The use of MT is technically feasible and a substantial number of patients achieve good clinical outcome, indicating that MT should not be withheld in patients with preinterventional intracranial hemorrhage.
The sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with major depressive disorder receiving SSRIs as first-line antidepressant treatment in European countries
Authors: Fugger Gernot , Bartova Lucie , Fabbri Chiara , Fanelli Giuseppe , Dold Markus , Swoboda Marleen Margret Mignon , Kautzky Alexander , Zohar Joseph , Souery Daniel , Mendlewicz Julien , Montgomery Stuart , Rujescu Dan , Serretti Alessandro , Kasper Siegfried 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Due to favorable antidepressant (AD) efficacy and tolerability, selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are consistently recommended as substances of first choice for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in international guidelines. However, little is known about the real-world clinical correlates of patients primarily prescribed SSRIs in contrast to those receiving alternative first-line ADs.

Methods
These secondary analyses are based on a naturalistic, multinational cross-sectional study conducted by the European Group for the Study of Resistant Depression at ten research sites. We compared the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of 1410 patients with primary MDD, who were either prescribed SSRIs or alternative substances as first-line AD treatment, using chi-squared tests, analyses of covariance, and logistic regression analyses.

Results
SSRIs were prescribed in 52.1% of MDD patients who showed lower odds for unemployment, current severity of depressive symptoms, melancholic features, suicidality, as well as current inpatient treatment compared to patients receiving alternative first-line ADs. Furthermore, patients prescribed SSRIs less likely received add-on therapies including AD combination and augmentation with antipsychotics, and exhibited a trend towards higher response rates.

Conclusion
A more favorable socio-demographic and clinical profile associated with SSRIs in contrast to alternative first-line ADs may have guided European psychiatrists’ treatment choice for SSRIs, rather than any relevant pharmacological differences in mechanisms of action of the investigated ADs. Our results must be cautiously interpreted in light of predictable biases resulting from the open treatment selection, the possible allocation of less severely ill patients to SSRIs as well as the cross-sectional study design that does not allow to ascertain any causal conclusions.