bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective Intelligence Under a Volatile Task Environment: a Behavioral Experiment Using Social Networks and Computer Simulations
Authors: Kameda Tatsuya , Naito Aoi , Masuda Naoki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Collective intelligence in our highly-connected world is a topic of interdisciplinary interest. Previous research has demonstrated that social network structures can affect collective intelligence, but the potential network impact is unknown when the task environment is volatile (i.e., optimal behavioral options can change over time), a common situation in modern societies. Here, we report a laboratory experiment in which a total of 250 participants performed a “restless” two-armed bandit task either alone, or collectively in a centralized or decentralized network. Although both network conditions outperformed the solo condition, no sizable performance difference was detected between the centralized and decentralized networks. To understand the absence of network effects, we analyzed participants’ behavior parametrically using an individual choice model. We then conducted exhaustive agent-based simulations to examine how different choice strategies may underlie collective performance in centralized or decentralized networks under volatile or stationary task environments. We found that, compared to the stationary environment, the difference in network structure had a much weaker impact on collective performance under the volatile environment across broad parametric variations. These results suggest that structural impacts of networks on collective intelligence may be constrained by the degree of environmental volatility.
SARS-CoV-2 delta AY.1 variant cluster in an accommodation facility for COVID-19: Research study
Authors: Ohishi Takayuki , Yamagishi Takuya , Kurosu Hitomi , Kato Hideaki , Takayama Yoko , Anan Hideaki , Kunishima Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

This is a case report on a cluster infection of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 delta AY.1 variant at an accommodation facility and the subsequent attempts to isolate individuals who tested positive.
Methods

The background that facilitated this cluster was investigated, and the conditions in which infection was established, the infection route, and the effectiveness of routine measures were evaluated. Ninety-nine staff members had been working at the accommodation facility at the time of infection, and it was estimated that 10 members were infected with the delta AY.1 variant.
Results

Our results suggest that infection of staff from a patient staying overnight should be excluded. The factors contributing to the cluster infection involved short-distance conversations with individuals wearing non-woven three-layer masks moved out of position (non-woven) and gathering together with individuals wearing non-woven masks in hypoventilated conditions. Our findings also indicate that this variant is possibly airborne and can infect individuals in enclosed spaces with poor ventilation, even when either infected or exposed individuals wear non-woven masks.
Conclusions

The routine maintenance of systems established for the detection of infections and prompt and appropriate preventive measures following the identification of positive individuals will help prevent further cluster infections.
Deletion of YLR358C Contributes to Reduce Cell Wall Integrity in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Authors: Zhang Yu , Li Mengyan , Wang Hanying , Deng Juqing , Liu Jianxing , Zhang Li , Lyu Lechun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mechanism of fungal cell wall synthesis and assembly is still unclear. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) and pathogenic fungi are conserved in cell wall construction and response to stress signals, and often respond to cell wall stress through activated cell wall integrity (CWI) pathways. Whether the YLR358C open reading frame regulates CWI remains unclear. This study found that the growth of S. cerevisiae with YLR358C knockout was significantly inhibited on the medium containing different concentrations of cell wall interfering agents Calcofluor White (CFW), Congo Red (CR) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). CFW staining showed that the cell wall chitin was down-regulated, and transmission electron microscopy also observed a decrease in cell wall thickness. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis showed that YLR358C gene may be involved in the regulation of CWI signaling pathway. It was found by qRT-PCR that WSC3, SWI4 and HSP12 were differentially expressed after YLR358C was knocked out. The above results suggest that YLR358C may regulate the integrity of the yeast cell walls and has some potential for application in fermentation.
Experimental Study of Pore Permeability Characteristics Based On Variable-Mass System In Karst Collapse Pillars
Authors: Pang Mingkun , Zhang Tianjun , Liu Rongtao , Wang Haotian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Particle loss is the root cause for the occurrence of Karst Collapse Pillars (KCP) sudden water events. The pore adjustment of KCP filler will further induce seepage destabilization, and it is also a process that sudden water catastrophe must go through. In order to investigate the direct relationship between stress conditions, water pressure conditions, and gradation structure on the pore structure of rock samples, the steady-state percolation method was used to investigate the percolation test system of variable-mass crushed rock masses. The results show that: 1) the structural characteristics of rock grains under the same stress environment are closely related to their extrusion fragmentation process and the softening and scouring effect of water. Rubbing, rotating, fracturing, grinding and plugging are the main forms of action of their intergranular action. 2) The filling particles before and after the loss meet the fractal law and have fractal characteristics. 3) The percentage of fine particles in the whole process of infiltration loss is as high as 34.4%. The adjustment of pore structure is related to the particle size gradation, and the reciprocal action of water flow will form a stable water-conducting channel. 4) The sudden water process of the specimen under particle loss can be divided into three stages: initial seepage, catastrophic destabilization and pipe flow surge.
How Do We Enhance Oncology Nurses’ Caring Utilizing Resilience And Professional Quality of Life?: A cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Jeon Misun , Kim Sanghee , Kim Sue 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Degree of caring behavior in oncology nurses is a crucial factor in caring for patients with cancer. It is important to understand factors related to oncology nurses' caring including their own resilience and professional quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate oncology nurses’ resilience, professional quality of life, and caring.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study was conducted on 107 oncology nurses using self-report questionnaires. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlations, and stepwise multiple regression to examine factors affecting oncology nurses’ degree of caring behavior, using SPSS/WIN 20.0 program (IBM).Result: Oncology nurses presented a low level of resilience and degree of caring behavior, a high level of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. There was a statistically significant relationship between degree of caring behavior, resilience (r = .43, p < .001), compassion satisfaction (r =.51, p < .001), and burnout (r = -.42, p < .001) as well as between secondary traumatic stress and burnout (r = .34, p < .001). Factors affecting oncology nurses’ degree of caring behavior were compassion satisfaction and education level. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that oncology nurses’ degree of caring behavior relates to professional quality of life, and education. This association suggests several implications for nursing practice to encourage holistic nursing. It will be necessary to study the factors affecting nurses' compassion satisfaction, and to try to promote compassion satisfaction according to the study.
Pretreatment C-reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Jung Jongheon , Heo Ja Yoon , Lee Eunyoung , Lee Hyewon , Chang Myung Hee , Park Ju-Hyun , Eom Hyeon-Seok 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is an aggressive and heterogenous T-cell lymphoid malignancy. The prognostic value of C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR) has never been assessed in PTCL. This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 76 patients diagnosed with various subtypes of PTCL. The value of 0.794 was identified as the most discriminative point of CAR, and clinical outcomes, including response rate, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS), were compared between the high (>0.794, n=25) and low (≤0.794, n=51) CAR groups. After induction therapy, complete response was achieved in 39 patients (76.5%) and 8 patients (32.0%) in the low and high CAR groups, respectively (p<0.001). During the median follow-up of 57.5 months, the high CAR group had significantly worse 5-year PFS (6.6% vs. 43.8%, p<0.0001) and 5-year OS (20.2% vs. 62.2%, p<0.0001) rates. With adjustment for the International Prognostic Index (≥3), Prognostic Index for PTCL-unspecified (≥3), and T cell score (≥2), high CAR remained a significant prognostic factor for PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.04–7.86, p<0.001) and OS (HR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.33–6.64, p=0.008). CAR might play a complementary role in predicting prognosis in patients with PTCL, considering its simplicity, objectivity, and easy accessibility.
Gender and Leg-dominance Differences in Shoe Properties and Foot Injuries in Badminton
Authors: Shen Siqin , Lam Wing-Kai , Teng Jin , Jia Sheng-Wei , Baker Julien S. , Ugbolue Ukadike C. , Fekete Guszáv , Gu Yaodong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: While the roles of injury prevention and performance enhancement have increasingly been investigated for badminton footwear, there is a lack of research on gender-specific badminton footwear. The purpose of this study was to examine the gender differences in footwear demands and foot injuries in badminton. Methods: A supervised questionnaire survey of 326 recreational badminton players was collected. The questionnaire was divided into four sections enquiring about the characteristics of (1) participant profiles, (2) importance of shoe properties (3) shoe complaints. (4) and pain or discomfort in different foot regions. The Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were performed to determine the differences between genders and the differences between leg dominance, respectively. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results: Both males and females rated shoe fit as the most important features, followed by overall comfort, and injury protection. Females considered forefoot cushioning, comfort, breathability and color as the more important compared with other properties, which showed distinct pattern differences from males. The shoe problem results indicated that plantar pain of the non-dominant foot was considered the most commonly reported footwear problem by both males and females. The problem of excessive arch-support on the dominant and non-dominant sides of male participants was significantly higher than females (p < 0.05). Occasional pain or frequent pain were mainly distributed in the forefoot, followed by the rearfoot and midfoot regions.Conclusion: There were small differences in footwear demand between the dominant and non-dominant sides, but several differences existed between females and males. The results from gender differences suggested that female specific shoes prefer a specific better fit, rather than a modified version of male shoes. In the future, the design of badminton shoes should consider footwear demands and foot discomfort profiles in respective male and female badminton players.
Induced microearthquakes predict permeability creation in the brittle crust
Authors: Li Ziyan , Elsworth Derek , Wang Chaoyi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Fracturing controls rates of mass, chemical and energy cycling within the crust. We use observed locations and magnitudes of microearthquakes (MEQs) to illuminate the evolving architecture of fractures reactivated and created in the otherwise opaque subsurface. We quantitatively link seismic moments of laboratory MEQs to the creation of porosity and permeability at field scale. MEQ magnitudes scale to the slipping patch size of remanent fractures reactivated in shear - with scale-invariant roughnesses defining permeability evolution across nine decades of spatial volumes – from centimeter to decameter scale. This physics-inspired seismicity-permeability linkage enables hybrid machine learning (ML) to constrain in-situ permeability evolution at verifiable field-scales (~10 m). The ML model is trained on early injection and MEQ data to predict the dynamic evolution of permeability from MEQ magnitudes and locations, alone. The resulting permeability maps define and quantify flow paths verified against ground truths of permeability.
Diacerein Versus Chondroitin Sulfate in Treatment of Adult Kashin-Beck Disease: An Intervention Trial in Heilongjiang Province, China
Authors: Wu Xianhao , Cheng Luyang , Jia Jinjing , Song Shili , Shi Tongkun , Wang Fenghua , Zhang Xin , Jiao Zhe , Sun Liyan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) is a special type of osteoarthritis and has disabled and stunted the growth of hundreds of people in China. It also can affect patients' ability to work and live. So, how to conduct effective treatment for adult KBD patients has become a major public health problem in current KBD endemic areas. In this trial, therapeutic effects of diacerein and chondroitin sulfate on adult KBD was to evaluate and compare so that we can screen out more suitable drug. Methods: 308 KBD patients were divided into two groups and received chondroitin sulphate (Group A) and diacerein (Group B) for 24 weeks, respectively. Data were collected at 0 week (baseline), 12 weeks (primary end point) and 24 weeks (secondary end point) to calculate the proportion of patients with effective therapeutic effect and overall improvement rate (primary efficacy parameters), WOMAC pain and stiffness scores (secondary efficacy parameters). Blood sample was collected to measure liver and renal function indexes. All indexes and parameters were analysed with SPSS software and intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis was applied. Results: Two primary efficacy parameters in group B at primary end point were significantly higher than those in group A (P=0.021, P=0.007), but no statistical differences were seen in these two primary efficacy parameters between two groups at secondary end point or between primary and secondary end points in same group (all P>0.05). In both groups, with the prolongation of treatment time, WOMAC pain and stiffness scores decreased significantly (all P<0.001), but no significant differences were seen between primary and secondary end points (all P>0.05). In addition, in both groups, the occurrences of total adverse events were relatively low and no side effect on liver function was seen. Diacerein also had no side effect on renal function. Conclusion: For treatment of adult KBD, both diacerein and chondroitin sulfate were effective, and diacerein might work stronger than chondroitin sulfate. Taking into account both efficacy and safety, the optimal intervention time of diacerein was 12 weeks. Trial registration: The trial was registered complementally on 31/10/2020, and the registration number in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry is ChiCTR2000039600 (http://www.chictr.org.cn).
Benzimidazole and Aminoalcohol Derivatives Show in Vitro Anthelmintic Activity Against Trichuris Muris and Heligmosomoides Polygyrus
Authors: Valderas-García Elora , Häberli Cécile , Bardón María Álvarez , Escala Nerea , de Agüero Verónica Castilla Gómez , Vega Jennifer de la , Olmo Esther del , Balaña-Fouce Rafael , Keiser Jennifer , Martínez-Valladares María 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Infections by gastrointestinal nematodes cause significant economic losses and disease in both human and animals worldwide. The discovery of novel anthelmintic drugs is a crucial point in maintaining control of these parasitic infections.Methods: For this purpose, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential anthelmintic activity of three series of compounds against the gastrointestinal nematodes Trichuris muris and Heligmosomoides polygyrusin vitro. The compounds tested are derivatives of benzimidazole, lipidic aminoalcohols and diamines. A primary screening was performed to select those compounds with an ability to inhibit T. muris L1 motility by more than 90% at a single concentration of 100 µM, and then, their respective IC50s were calculated. Those compounds with IC50 lower than 10 µM were also tested against the adult stage of T. muris and H. polygyrus at a single concentration of 10µM.Results: Of the 41 initial compounds screened, only compounds AO14, BZ6 and BZ12 had IC50s lower than 10 µM on T. muris L1 assay, showing IC50 values of 3.30, 8.89 and 4.17 µM, respectively. However, only two of them displayed activity against the adult stage of the parasites: BZ12 killed 81% of adults of T. muris (IC50 of 8.1 µM) and 53% of H. polygyrus while BZ6 killed 100% of H. polygyrus adults (IC50 of 5.3 µM) but only 17% of T. muris. Conclusions: BZ6 and BZ12 could be considered as potential candidates for further in vivo efficacy testing.
Application of Multivariate Techniques for Spatial Drought Modelling using Satellite Rainfall Estimate in Fiji
Authors: Anshuka Anshuka , Buzacott Alexander JV , Ogtrop Floris van 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Monitoring hydrological extremes is essential for developing risk-mitigation strategies. One of the limiting factors for this is the absence of reliable on the ground monitoring networks that capture data on climate variables, which is highly evident in developing states such as Fiji. Fortunately, increasing global coverage of satellite-derived datasets is facilitating utilisation of this information for monitoring dry and wet periods in data sparse regions. In this study, three global satellite rainfall datasets (CHIRPS, PERSIANN-CDR and CPC) were evaluated for Fiji. All satellite products had reasonable correlations with station data, and CPC had the highest correlation with minimum error values. The Effective Drought Index (EDI), a useful index for understanding hydrological extremes, was then calculated. Thereafter, a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was employed to forecast the EDI using sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTa) data. A high canonical correlation of 0.98 was achieved between the PCs of mean SST and mean EDI, showing the influence of ocean–atmospheric interactions on precipitation regimes in Fiji. CCA was used to perform a hind cast and a short-term forecast. The training stage produced a coefficient of determinant (R2) value of 0.83 and mean square error (MSE) of 0.11. The results in the testing stage for the forecast were more modest, with an R2 of 0.45 and MSE of 0.26. This easy-to-implement system can be a useful tool used by disaster management bodies to aid in enacting water restrictions, providing aid, and making informed agronomic decisions such as planting dates or extents.
Small Bowel Internal Herniation through Acquired Defect of Vesicouterine Pouch- A Late Complication following Oophorectomy
Authors: Appalasamy Thayalan Rao , Fahmy Fahrol , Huei Tan Jih , Shafiza Aina , Azmah Tuan Nur 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hollow viscus herniation through a defect between vesicouterine pouch following previous pelvis surgery is exceedingly rare. There was only 1 similar case reported in the English literature. In this current report, we describe a 84-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal pain. She had a history of previous gynecology surgery. Computed tomography of abdomen showed small bowel obstruction with transition zone at the pelvis. Laparotomy revealed small bowel loops trapped in the vesico-uterine space via a narrow defect about 1.5cm. The detailed clinical summary and operative management are described in the report.
Effects of thermal treatment on the characteristics quality of some Ghanaian vegetable oils (palm, coconut and groundnut)
Authors: Ngala Robert A , Ameyaw Evans Owusu , Berkoh Dorice , Barimah John , Koffie Simon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Vegetable oils contain natural antioxidants and other properties reported to impart anti-diabetic properties when consumed, in animal study. In humans however, these oils are subjected to high temperatures during cooking before consumption. High temperature tends to affect the characteristic quality and potential to impart on health benefits such as antidiabetic properties. The objective of this work was to determine the characteristics quality of vegetable oils after thermal treatment that equates to temperatures oils are subjected to during food processing/cooking.Methodology: Three portions of 200g of each fresh unrefined red palm oil, coconut oil and groundnut oils in three conical flasks T1, T2 and T3 were heated to room temperature 28oC (T1) to 100o C in boiling water (T2) and to 200o C in electric cooker oven (T3) for 10 minutes. Acid, iodine, peroxide, saponification, unsaponification values of the oils, Phytoconstituents (Flavanoids, polyphenols saponins etc) and antioxidant (Vitamin A&C) and DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) Radical Scavenging Activity were then determined after cooling to room temperature. Results: Coconut oil heated to 200˚C had the least Acid value of 2.89±0.135 whiles Palm oil heated to 100 ˚C had the highest value of 19.57±0.165. There were no peroxides formed in Coconut and Palm oils at 28 ˚C as well as Palm oil at 100 ˚C. However, peroxides were highest in Coconut oil at 200˚C with value of 15.28±2.315. Saponification value of groundnut oil at 28 ˚C was the least at 89.52 ± 2.18 and 296.57±1.045 the highest in coconut oil at 200 ˚C. Heating however increased the unsaponifiable matter in all the vegetable oils used. Total antioxidant capacity was not significantly changed across the temperature treatment. Total phenolic content was not significantly changed for palm oil but was significantly increased at 100C for coconut and groundnut oilsConclusion: The quality of the oils in terms of acid value, iodine vale, peroxide value and saponification value, total antioxidant and phenolic content were retained after one heat treatment. This implies the quality of the oils are maintained after a single heating. The oils may still retain antidiabetic property when consumed after processing.