bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic Prediction Using LD-Based Haplotypes in Combined Pig Populations
Authors: Ye Haoqiang , Zhang Zipeng , Ren Duanyang , Cai Xiaodian , Zhu Qianghui , Ding Xiangdong , Zhang Hao , Zhang Zhe , Li Jiaqi 
Published: June 2022

The size of reference population is an important factor affecting genomic prediction. Thus, combining different populations in genomic prediction is an attractive way to improve prediction ability. However, combining multireference population roughly cannot increase the prediction accuracy as well as expected in pig. This may be due to different linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern differences between population. In this study, we used the imputed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data to construct LD-based haplotypes for genomic prediction in combined population to explore the impact of different single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) densities, variant representation (SNPs or haplotype alleles), and reference population size on the prediction accuracy for reproduction traits. Our results showed that genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) using the WGS data can improve prediction accuracy in multi-population but not within-population. Not only the genomic prediction accuracy of the haplotype method using 80 K chip data in multi-population but also GBLUP for the multi-population (3.4–5.9%) was higher than that within-population (1.2–4.3%). More importantly, we have found that using the haplotype method based on the WGS data in multi-population has better genomic prediction performance, and our results showed that building haploblock in this scenario based on low LD threshold (r2 = 0.2–0.3) produced an optimal set of variables for reproduction traits in Yorkshire pig population. Our results suggested that whether the use of the haplotype method based on the chip data or GBLUP (individual SNP method) based on the WGS data were beneficial for genomic prediction in multi-population, while simultaneously combining the haplotype method and WGS data was a better strategy for multi-population genomic evaluation.
Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in Adults Worldwide: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Kunyi , Li Maolin , Wen Lan , Wang Qiancheng , Ding Xin , Wang Jian 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAcute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare demyelinating disorder that is often misdiagnosed. To improve early diagnosis, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical features, outcomes for ADEM in adults.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies reporting the clinical features of adults with ADEM between January 1990 and May 2021. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to pool data on clinical features and functional outcomes.ResultsTwelve studies examining 437 adults with ADEM met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the clinical features and diagnostic findings observed in more than two-thirds of the patients were white matter lesions [87.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI)=75-95.6], polyfocal onset (80.5%, 95% CI=50.5-98.9) and pyramidal signs (68.7%, 95% CI =40.0-91.9). The mortality rate was 7.8% (95% CI = 3.3–13.5), and the risk of residual deficits was 47.5% (95% CI = 31.8–63.4).ConclusionsAdults with ADEM had worse outcomes than children. Clinicians should maintain high clinical suspicion for patients presenting with certain clinical features and diagnostic findings.
Behaviour Impact Analysis of Tuna Purse Seiners in the Western and Central Pacific Based on the BRT and GAM Models
Authors: Yang Shenglong , Zhang Han , Fan Wei , Shi Huimin , Fei Yingjie , Yuan Sanling 
Published: June 2022

Understanding the spatial pattern of human fishing activity is very important for fisheries resource monitoring and spatial management. To understand the spatial distribution of tuna purse seiner operations in the western and central Pacific Ocean and its relationship with the marine environment, this paper uses the AIS data of the western and central Pacific Tuna purse seiners from 2015 to 2020 to excavate spatial fishing effort information, which is combined with 24 marine environmental factors in the same period, including sea surface and subsurface levels using the boosted regression trees (BRT) model and general additive model (GAM) to construct the nonlinear relationship between the spatial distribution of fishing effort and marine ecological environmental factors and to discuss and analyse the niche of tuna purse seiners in the high seas. The results show that the average score of cv-AUC (cross-validated area under the curve) obtained by the BRT model training reaches 0.93, the average accuracy rate is 0.84, and the explained deviance is 43%; the average score of AUC (area under the curve) obtained by the GAM model training reaches 0.81, the average accuracy rate is 0.77, and the explained deviance is 34%. The results of BRT prior to GAM model. Using the BRT model for prediction, the results show that the average cv-AUC score for forecasting fishing effort in 2020 reaches 0.83, and the average accuracy rate of overall classification reaches 0.77. The results of factor analysis show that the water temperature at 100 m depth and longitude are the most important factors affecting the fishing effort of tuna purse seiners, and their contribution rates to the fishing effort of vessels are 12.38% and 9.76%, respectively, followed by sea surface temperature, latitude and DSH. The contribution to the fishing effort of tuna purse seiners was also large, accounting for 9.57%, 8.75%, and 7.11%, respectively; the 100-meter-deep chlorophyll and temperature gradient value contributed the least, 1.44% and 1.16%, respectively; tuna purse seiners are more likely to operate in the 100-metre water temperature of 25-29°C and sea surface temperature of 29-31°C. In terms of space, tuna purse seiners are more likely to operate in the 5°S-5°N latitudinal region and near the western sea area of 180°E. It is predicted that the modelled fishing effort of fishing vessels in 2020 and the actual fishing effort of fishing vessels have a relatively good spatial distribution. Research helps to understand the environmental impact of changes in the spatial distribution of tuna purse seiners and provides support for the management of tuna purse seine vessels in the western and central Pacific.
Utility of Dendrochronology Crossdating Methods in the Development of Arctic Coralline Red Algae Clathromorphum compactum Growth Increment Chronology for Sea Ice Cover Reconstruction
Authors: Leclerc Natasha , Halfar Jochen , Porter Trevor J. , Black Bryan A. , Hetzinger Steffen , Zulian Meghan , Tsay Alexandra 
Published: June 2022

Paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions from increment-yielding archives strongly depend on precise age models. Like bivalves, corals, trees, and speleothems, the coralline alga Clathromorphum compactum produces annual growth increments and shows considerable promise as an environmental archive for arctic and subarctic regions. Though their growth increment widths correlate with temperature and sea ice cover in high Arctic regions, existing timeseries have not been crossdated. In fact, previous studies have shown a lack of inter-sample correlation in non-crossdated timeseries suggesting possible age model dating errors. Here, we use dendrochronology crossdating techniques and COFECHA software to ensure and validate synchrony between C. compactum timeseries (&lt;141 years) from three specimens collected near Beechey Island, Nunavut, Canada. Results showed that non-crossdated timeseries constructed by four coralline red algae researchers using annual increments of the same C. compactum samples were highly variable and showcase the likelihood of dating errors in non-crossdated timeseries. Crossdating improved inter-series correlations, and correlations to sea ice-related records, suggesting that at least three crossdated timeseries are required to isolate paleoclimate signals. Our findings suggest that future reconstructions with C. compactum should employ crossdating techniques to reduce dating errors and allow for more precise climate reconstructions.Lay AbstractLong-term environmental records provide a critical baseline to examine how humans have impacted Earth’s natural climate. An important piece to consider is sea ice’s role in natural climate variability because its brightness limits warming by reflecting solar irradiation back to space. However, instrumental records of sea ice rarely extend beyond the early satellite era (late 1970s), limiting our understanding of how sea ice affects natural climate variability in the preindustrial era. A lack of historical baseline prompted the development of sea ice proxies, including the long-lived marine alga, Clathromorphum compactum. Similar to tree-rings, C. compactum produces a new mineralized layer each year, and layer thicknesses have been shown to respond to sea ice cover, making them useful to record long-term sea ice variability. However, a recent study showed that records had replicability problems, maybe due to dating mistakes. Our study applies tree-ring dating methods (dendrochronology) to match annual algal growth layers across algal specimens. Results showed that these new methods reduced dating errors, allowing for more precise past sea ice cover reconstructions.
Comparison of Peripheral Blood Regulatory T Cells and Functional Subsets Between Ocular and Generalized Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Rao Jie , Li Siyu , Wang Xinyu , Cheng Qi , Ji Yu , Fu Wenwen , Huang Hui , Shi Ling , Wu Xiaorong 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis study aims to discuss the function mechanism of regulatory T cells and its subsets in the pathogenic process of myasthenia gravis by contracting the activation levels of those cells in peripheral blood among healthy people, patients with ocular myasthenia gravis (oMG) and patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG).MethodHealthy people, newly diagnosed oMG patients, and gMG patients were enrolled in this study. The percentage of the CD3+CD4+CD25+ Treg cells, CD3+CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg cells, CD3+CD4+CD25+Foxp3hi CD45RA–aTreg cells, CD3+CD4+CD25+Foxp3loCD45RA–n-sTreg cells, and CD3+CD4+CD25+ Foxp3loCD45RA+rTreg cells in the peripheral blood were examined by flow cytometry. And then analyzed the differences of Treg cells and its subsets among the study members.ResultsThe percentage of the CD4+CD25+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of oMG patients and gMG patients were both lower than that of healthy people (p &lt; 0.05), the percentage of patients with oMG had no distinct difference with that of patients with gMG (p = 0.475), however. Also, the percentage of CD3+CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the oMG and gMG patients’ group were both lower than that of healthy group. And the percentage of CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with oMG and healthy people were both higher than that of patients with gMG (p &lt; 0.05). The percentage of rTreg in the CD3+CD4+CD25+Treg of the peripheral blood for both gMG and oMG patients’ group were lower than healthy group (p &lt; 0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the oMG and gMG patients’ group (p = 0.232). The percentage of the aTreg cells in the CD3+CD4+CD25+Treg cells of the peripheral blood for the oMG patients was higher than that of gMG patients (p &lt; 0.05), but both of them were lower than healthy group (p &lt; 0.05). The percentage of n-sTreg cells in the peripheral blood descended among the gMG patients’ group, oMG patients’ group, and healthy group (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe changes in the number and function of Treg cells and its subsets can cause the impairment of negative immune regulation, which may mediate the triggering of oMG and its progression to gMG.
Blush in Lung Contusions Is Not Rare and Has a High Risk of Mortality in Patients With Blunt Chest Trauma
Authors: Tominaga Naoki , Hayakawa Mineji , Yokobori Shoji 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPatients with blunt chest trauma have a high mortality rate. The assessment of blush in hepatic and splenic trauma is important for determining the need for emergency hemostatic interventions. However, the frequency and importance of blush in lung contusions are unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of blush in patients with lung contusions and elucidate the relationship between blush and the clinical outcomes of patients with blunt chest trauma.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we enrolled patients with an injury severity score of 16 or higher and a chest abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score of 3 or higher who were admitted to the emergency department of Hokkaido University Hospital from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2016. Blush was defined as active extravasation of an intravascular contrast agent recognized on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. The date of trauma, trauma severity, treatments, and outcomes were obtained from the patients’ electronic medical records.ResultsDuring the study period, 83 patients had severe lung contusions and 13 had blush. In-hospital mortality of patients with blush was significantly higher than that of patients without blush (53 vs. 10%, P &lt; 0.001). Patients with blush required thoracic drainage more frequently (100 vs. 71%, P &lt; 0.001) and support through mechanical ventilation more often (100 vs. 64%, P &lt; 0.001) and for a longer duration (median duration, 0 vs. 25 days, P = 0.001) than patients without blush.ConclusionsOur study revealed that blush in lung contusions was not rare and was associated with a high risk of mortality in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. Clinicians should not hesitate to intervene if blush is detected in a lung contusion of a patient with blunt chest trauma.
The Development of Predictive Nomogram of Recurrence for Patients With Endometrioma After Cystectomy Who Were Younger Than 45 Years Old and Received Postoperative Therapy
Authors: Gu Zhiyue , Li Xiaoyan , Shi Jinghua , Wu Yushi , Zhang Jing , Zhang Chenyu , Yan Hailan , Leng Jinhua 
Published: June 2022

Objective:This study aimed to establish an effective prognostic nomogram for the postoperative recurrence of endometrioma or endometriosis-related pain for patients with endometrioma after long-term follow-up, who were younger than 45 years old and received postoperative therapy.MethodsThe predictive nomogram was based on 323 patients who underwent cystectomy for endometrioma at Perking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2009 to April 2013, and the last follow-up occurred in September 2018. We collected information on all included patients, including preoperative data, intraoperative data, and long-term follow-up data after surgery. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the prognostic effects of multiple clinical parameters on recurrence. The survival curve was depicted based on Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank method. The Index of concordance (C-index) and calibration curves were used to access the discrimination ability and predictive accuracy of the nomogram respectively, and the results were further validated via bootstrap resampling. In addition, calculating the area under the curve (AUC) via risk scores of patients aimed to further access the prediction ability of the model.ResultsOn multivariate analysis of derivation cohort, independent factors for recurrence such as dysmenorrhea degree, sum of both cyst diameters, presence of adenomyosis, and other essential factors for recurrence such as age at surgery, presence of uterine fibroids were all selected into the nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram for predicting recurrence was 0.683 (95% CI, 0.610- 0.755). The calibration curve for probability of recurrence for 7 years and 9 years showed great agreement between prediction by nomogram and actual observation. Furthermore, the AUCs of risk score for 7-year and 9-year were 0.680 and 0.790 respectively.ConclusionThis research tried to develop the predictive nomogram of recurrence for patients with endometrioma after cystectomy. The C-index and calibration curve of nomogram, as well as the AUC of the nomogram was potential to predict the recurrence probability. In addition, this predictive nomogram needs external data sets to further validate its prognostic accuracy in the future.
A Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Bacterial Lysates in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Huang Yongkang , Pei Yongjian , Qian Yajuan , Yao Zhen , Chen Chen , Du Juan , Shi Minhua , Zhou Tong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and frequently encountered disease of respiratory apparatus and is vulnerable to infection. Increasing studies reveal that bacterial lysates play an encouraging role in preventing exacerbations in these patients. We here investigated the efficacy and safety of bacterial lysates in COPD.MethodsWe performed systematic research on PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), and Web of Science by using the keywords and their synonyms for studies published before January 11, 2022. Two researchers screened the studies of literature independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and extracted data from the included studies. Another two researchers assessed the risk of bias of each included using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using R (version 4.1.1, The R Foundation for Statistical Computing) and Review Manager (version 5.4.0, The Cochrane Collaboration).ResultsA total of 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis, and the pooled results showed that bacterial lysates were effective to reduce exacerbation rate (overall: relative risk [RR] = 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.72–0.96; alkaline bacterial lysate subgroup [OM-85]: RR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.98; mechanical bacterial lysate subgroup [Ismigen]: RR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.41–1.20) and mean number of exacerbations (overall: MD = −0.42, 95% CI −0.75 to −0.08; alkaline bacterial lysate subgroup [OM-85]: MD = −0.72, 95% CI −1.35 to −0.09; mechanical bacterial lysate subgroup [Ismigen]: MD = −0.02, 95% CI −0.21 to 0.17). Bacterial lysates were also found beneficial in alleviating symptoms. The side effects were acceptable and slight.ConclusionBacterial lysates can benefit patients with COPD by reducing exacerbations and alleviating symptoms. OM-85 is the preferable product based on the existing evidence. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022299420].
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width Is Associated With Adverse Kidney Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Deng Xinwei , Gao Bixia , Wang Fang , Zhao Ming-hui , Wang Jinwei , Zhang Luxia 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health issue. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a recently recognized potential inflammatory marker, which mirrors the variability in erythrocyte volume. Studies indicate that elevated RDW is associated with increased risk of mortality in CKD patients, while evidence regarding the impact of RDW on kidney outcome is limited.MethodsAltogether 523 patients with CKD stage 1–4 from a single center were enrolled. We identified the cutoff point for RDW level using maximally selected log-rank statistics. The time-averaged estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope was determined using linear mixed effects models. Rapid CKD progression was defined by an eGFR decline &gt;5 ml/min/1.73 m2/year. The composite endpoints were defined as doubling of serum creatinine, a 30% decline in initial eGFR or incidence of eGFR &lt; 15 ml/min/1.73 m2, whichever occurred first. Multivariable logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards regression was performed, as appropriate.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 26 [interquartile range (IQR): 12, 36] months, 65 (12.43%) patients suffered a rapid CKD progression and 172 (32.89%) composite kidney events occurred at a rate of 32.3/100 patient-years in the high RDW group, compared with 14.7/100 patient-years of the remainder. The annual eGFR change was clearly steeper in high RDW group {−3.48 [95% confidence interval (CI): −4.84, −2.12] ml/min/1.73 m2/year vs. −1.86 [95% CI: −2.27, −1.45] ml/min/1.73 m2/year among those with RDW of &gt;14.5% and ≤14.5%, respectively, P for between-group difference &lt;0.05}. So was the risk of rapid renal function loss (odds ratio = 6.79, 95% CI: 3.08–14.97) and composite kidney outcomes (hazards ratio = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.02–2.23). The significant association remained consistent in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionIncreased RDW value is independently associated with accelerated CKD deterioration. Findings of this study suggest RDW be a potential indicator for risk of CKD progression.
Clinical Features of Urticaria: Results From a Hospital-Based Multicenter Study in China
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Li-Juan , Li Lin-feng , Shi Xiao-Dong , Shen Yi-Wei 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe clinical features of urticaria have not been fully illustrated.ObjectivesTo demonstrate clinical features of urticaria in different areas of southern and northern China.MethodsIn this hospital-based multicenter study, outpatients with urticaria filled in a questionnaire during the initial visit and follow-up (once per week, lasting for a month).ResultsOverall, 1,715 outpatients with urticaria with a mean age of 37.86 ± 16.08 years (range = 0.5–87 years) were recruited. The median disease duration was 1.94 ± 4.31 years (range = 0–58 years). More itching was observed in the northern areas higher than that in the southern areas (99.5 vs 94.1%, P &lt; 0.001). The incidence of pain, arthralgia, and family history in southern areas was higher than that in northern areas (5.1 vs 1.1%, 9.6 vs 0, 10.6% vs 3.2%, P &lt; 0.001). The leading subtypes of specified urticaria were chronic spontaneous urticaria (81.4%) and symptomatic dermographism (35.9%). The incidence of symptomatic dermographism and cold urticaria in the southern areas was lower than that in the northern areas (31.8 vs. 50.3%, 4 vs. 8.5%, P &lt; 0.001). Allergic diseases were the most common concomitant disorders of urticaria. More than half of the patients had to avoid certain food, such as fish-prawn-crab (30.7%) and alcohol (20%). Ebastine (41.1%) was the most commonly prescribed drug. The disease duration negatively correlated with the severity of itching and number of wheals (&gt;50/24H) (Spearman’s rank correlation test, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis study provides a profile of clinical characteristics of urticaria in China and filled the gap in the field of regional comparative studies on urticaria.