bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No spillover of flower-visiting insects between community gardens and forest fragments in the city
Authors: Vanderstock Amelie M. , White Thomas E. , Latty Tanya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cities are a fragmented matrix of cultivated and semi-natural greenspaces. In rural agroecosystems, croplands attached to forest often have higher pollinator diversity than isolated croplands due to temporary spillover from adjacent forests. A similar dynamic could be at play in cities, where different cultivated and semi-cultivated greenspaces could interact via spillover. We studied spillover of flower-visiting insects between different types of cultivated and semi-natural urban greenspaces; community gardens that were attached to urban forests, isolated community gardens that were at least 1 km from urban forests, and isolated urban forests that were at least 1 km away from community gardens. If spillover was occurring, we expected to see higher insect diversity and abundance in the community gardens that were attached to forests compared to isolated community gardens (and visa-versa). We found no evidence of insect-visitor spillover between community gardens and urban forests for all metrics measured. We did, however, find higher native bee and insect species richness in community gardens as compared with urban forests. Unlike their rural counterparts, community gardens are generally more diverse than monoculture farms and may offer the flowering and habitat needs such that insects do not need to spillover into forest. Further investigation into the relative lack of flower-visiting insect species in urban forests compared with gardens is required as this may have ramifications for native plant-pollinator interactions in cities. Our results suggest that growing gardens can attract pollinators regardless of their placement relative to natural forest within the urban landscape.
Relative burden of diarrheal cases in under-five children before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: a retrospective study
Authors: Zenebe Tizazu , Eguale Tadesse , Mihret Adane , Abebe Tamrat 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The burden of diarrhea in under-five children is a problem in Ethiopia. The different measures taken to prevent COVID-19 pandemic are believed to have impact on the burden of diarrhea. However, there is no data that shows the association of COVID-19 pandemic and burden of diarrhea in under-five children. The aim of this study was to assess burden of diarrheal cases and associated factors among under-five children that attended primary health centers before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Addis Ababa and Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out using data extracted from under-five children registered from January 2019 to December 2020 in Teklehaymanot Health Center, Addis Ababa, and 04 kebele health center, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Data analysis was made by SPSS statistics version 20. Results: A total of 11, 337 under-five registers of two years were reviewed. Diarrhea was the second leading cause for visiting health facilities to under-five children. The overall prevalence of diarrhea was 19.8%, with 20.2% before and 18.6% during COVID-19. There was no statistically significant difference for diarrhea before or during COVID-19 pandemic (AOR=1.117, 95%CI=0.898, 1.389). Higher prevalence was seen in male (21%) and in age range between 12-24 months (22.6%). Male had less likelihood to have diarrhea compared to female (AOR= 0.832, 95% CI=0.756, 0.915). Children with age <6 months were 1.5 times more likelihood to have diarrhea (AOR= 1.474= 95% CI= 1.240, 1.753) compared to age range with > 24 months. Children who lived in Addis Ababa had two times more risk of getting diarrhea (AOR= 1.903, 95% CI=1.717, 2.109) compared to children who lived in Debre Berhan. Diarrhea occurred 3 times during spring (AOR= 2.615=95%=2.239, 3.053) and 1.3 times in winter (AOR= 1.319=95% CI=1.133, 1.536) compared to summer. Conclusions: The burden of diarrhea remains high. However, the impact of COVID-19 on diarrhea for under-five children was not statistically significant. Sex, age, seasonality, and study area were associated with the diarrhea. We recommend assessment of community practices of the COVID-19 prevention measures, season dependent pathogens of diarrhea, and creating active health facility based surveillance for better understanding of the impact.
HI-Shaped antenna for non-invasive diabetic measurement and monitors fluctuating diabetes
Authors: J JEBASINGH KIRUBAKARAN S , P Ananadan , N.R Shanker 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, HI- antenna is applied for monitoring the fluctuating diabetes. HI antenna senses the human pancreas dielectric radiation. HI antenna senses the radiation effectively because of shape and size of slot, which covers the pancreas region of human body, without change in crumbling effect during dielectric radiation signal acquisition. The dielectric radiations signal acquisition from pancreas lead to effective monitoring of fluctuating diabetes. However, traditional non-invasive method never monitors fluctuating diabetes, whereas they only measure diabetic value through non-invasive method. Non-invasive method of diabetic measurement never measures fluctuating diabetes due to improper mounting of sensor over the body is the major problem. The proposed HI-shaped antenna is mounted in different part of the human body such as hand, finger, stomach and pancreas for measuring fluctuating diabetes. Among the different part of body, optimized location is the pancreas of measuring diabetes is detected with proposed HI-shaped antenna. Moreover, different type of such as Microstrip antenna, log periodic antenna and are compared with the proposed HI-shaped antenna for diabetes measurement and proposed antenna dielectric signal statical values correlated with diabetic laboratory values. The proposed antenna measures the fluctuation diabetes with 85% accuracy.
Fatty Acid Metabolism-related Genes in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Unveil Prognostic and Immune Infiltration in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Lyu Yin , Guo Chen , Zhang Hao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, often abbreviated as IPF, is a condition that is both chronic and progressive, and has an unfavorable prognosis. Recent research has demonstrated that individuals with IPF exhibit characteristic alterations in the fatty acid metabolism in their lungs, suggesting an association with the disease pathogenesis. Here, we explored whether the gene signature associated with fatty acid metabolism might be used as a reliable biological marker for predicting the IPF patients' survival.MethodsData of fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMRGs) were extracted from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Hallmark, and Reactome databases. The GSE70866 data set was retrieved for information on individuals diagnosed with IPF. Next, a consensus clustering approach was used to discover novel molecular subgroups. Then, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted to evaluate the mechanisms involved. CIBERSORT was utilized to ascertain the infiltration levels of immune cells in the identified subgroups premised on specific gene expression signatures of immune cells. Finally, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis were utilized in the development of a prognostic risk model.ResultsThe patterns of gene expression that are linked to fatty acid metabolism were used to construct two subgroups that had remarkably different prognoses. GSEA indicated that immune-related pathways, were significantly altered between the two subgroups, and different subgroups had different metabolic characteristics. Poor prognosis was associated with high immune cell infiltration, particularly activated NK cells, monocytes, and activated mast cells. A risk model that was developed premised on FAMRGs showed excellent significance for use in predicting IPF. The prognosis for individuals diagnosed with IPF might be correctly predicted using a nomogram that incorporated clinical features and the risk model.ConclusionThe proposed fatty acid metabolism-related gene signature is a potential biological marker for predicting the clinical outcomes and infiltration status of immune cells, and may ultimately increase the accuracy of treating patients with IPF.
Annual distributions of insecticide-treated nets to schoolchildren and other key populations to maintain higher ITN access than with mass campaigns: a modeling study for mainland Tanzania
Authors: Koenker Hannah , Worges Matt , Kamala Benjamin , Gitanya Peter , Chacky Frank , Lazaro Samwel , Mwalimu Charles Dismas , Aaron Sijenunu , Mwingizi Deodatus , Dadi David , Selby Ato , Serbantez Naomi , Ikonje Albert , Loll Dana , Yukich Joshua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundSince 2013, the National Malaria Control Program in mainland Tanzania has deployed annual distributions of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) through primary schools to maintain ITN access and use. This School Net Programme (SNP) is slated to be used throughout mainland Tanzania by 2023. This modeling study projects ITN access under different ITN distribution strategies and quantification approaches. MethodsA stock and flow model with a Tanzania-specific ITN decay rate was used to calculate annual net crops for four different ITN distribution strategies, varying quantification approaches within each strategy. Annual nets-per-capita (NPC) was derived from net crop and a standardized population projection. Nonparametric conditional quartile functions for ITN access as a function of NPC were used to predict ITN access and its variability. The number of ITNs required under the varying quantification approaches for the period 2022-2030 was calculated.ResultsAnnual SNP quantified using a “population times 15%” approach maintained ITN access between 80% and 90%, when combined with reproductive and child health (RCH) ITN distribution, requiring 133.2 million ITNs. The same strategy quantified with “population times 22%” maintained ITN access at or above 90%, requiring 175.5 million ITNs. Under five-year mass campaigns with RCH distribution for pregnant women and infants, ITN access reached 90% post-campaign and fell to 27-35% in the 4th year post-campaign, requiring 120.5 million ITNs over 8 years. Three-yearly mass campaigns with RCH reached 100% ITN access post-campaign and fell to 70% in the third year post-campaign, requiring 154.4 million ITNs. ConclusionGiven an ITN retention time in Tanzania of 2.15 years, the model predicts that mass campaigns conducted every three years in mainland Tanzania will not maintain ITN access at target levels of 80%, even with strong RCH channels. Mainland Tanzania can however expect to maintain ITN access at 80% or above by quantifying SNP using “population x 15%”, in addition to RCH ITN delivery. This strategy requires 14% fewer ITNs than a 3-year campaign strategy while providing more consistent ITN coverage. Meeting the targets of 80% ITN use would require maintaining 90% ITN access, achievable using a “population times 22%” quantification approach for SNP.
The Prevalence and demographic factors of knee osteoarthritis in the Bozidun pastoral area of Xinjiang
Authors: Wu Xue , Li Zhengfang , MikelayI Mansuer , Feng Yun , Shi Yamei , Meng Xinyan , Yue Chaohong , Kong Jinjing , Wang Qianqian , Deng Juan , Zhang Guoli , Wang Yali , Su Jinmei , Wu Lijun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a major musculoskeletal diseases cause of disability in the middle-aged and older populations around the world.The prevalence of osteoarthritis was associated with factors such as genetic factors, living environment, and dietary habits. Xinjiang is the second largest pastoral region in China. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of symptomatic knee OA in Bozidun Kirgiz township, Bozidun pastoral area, Xinjiang, in order to understand the risk factors that influence the onset and progression of knee OA in this location.This is a cross-sectional survey study conducted from November 11, 2020 to November 26, 2020 in Bozidun Kirgiz Township, Bozidun Pastoral Area, Aksu City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. All residents of nine villages were surveyed, and a total of 2,138 people were included. The prevalence of knee OA was 23.1%, and the prevalence of KOA increased with age.The prevalence of OA increased significantly after the age of 40. Logistic regression analysis, female, advanced age, coronary heart disease, hypertension, pastoralism and previous history of fracture were independent risk factors for knee OA.The overall prevalence of knee OA in the pastoral areas of Xinjiang is significantly higher than in other provinces of China, with an increasing trend in prevalence with age and a higher prevalence in females than in males, where factors such as age, female, obesity and farmers may be related to the onset of knee OA.
Nitrogen deposition alters plant community structure and biomass by affecting the relationships between plants and soil microorganisms a desert steppe
Authors: Ye He , Hong Mei , Xu Xuehui , Liang Zhiwei , Jiang Na , Tu Nare , Wu Zhendan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aims Nitrogen (N) deposition is an important component of global change and threatens terrestrial biodiversity. The response of plant–soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable attention. Soil microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth, especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ecosystems. However, the effects of N deposition on plant soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly understood. Methods To investigate these effects, a six-year N-addition field experiment was conducted in a Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia, Northwest China. Four N treatment levels (N0, N1, N2, and N3, corresponding to 0, 30, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1, respectively) were applied to simulate atmospheric N deposition. Results The results showed that (1) after six years of simulated N deposition, plant aboveground biomass did not increase, but plant community structure changed; (2) In desert steppes, N addition increased the biomass of Neopallasia pectinata, and the correlations between N. pectinata and microorganisms also increased. However, the biomass of the perennial grass S. breviflora decreased, and the correlation with soil microorganisms was weaker for S. breviflora than for N. pectinata; (3) N deposition indirectly affects plant biomass mainly by inhibiting (or promoting) the number of microorganisms negatively correlated with plant growth. Conclusions These results suggest that N deposition alters plant community structures and biomass by affecting plant–soil microbe relationships in desert steppes. These findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of desert steppes.
A retrospective pilot study examining inhalation anesthesia after delivery on intraoperative blood loss in emergency cesarean section
Authors: Matsui Nozomi , Matsuo Mitsuhiro , Yoneda Satoshi , Nakashima Akitoshi , Yamazaki Mitsuaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background After cesarean section delivery of a fetus, switching from inhalation to intravenous anesthesia is recommended to avoid atonic effects resulting from inhalation anesthetics. However, the clinical impact of inhalation anesthetic use remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of inhalation anesthetic agents used after delivery on intraoperative blood loss in cesarean section. Methods A single-center retrospective study was performed using the clinical data of patients who underwent emergency cesarean section at an academic teaching hospital during a 7-year period from July 1, 2013, to June 30, 2020. Regression analyses were performed to determine the difference between inhalation anesthesia and propofol after delivery with regard to intraoperative blood loss. We also analyzed spinal anesthesia as a positive control to understand the absolute difference between inhalation and propofol.Results Of total, 511 patients were analyzed. Patients were 33.3 ± 5.4 years-old, had a body mass index of 25.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2, and were 34.8 ± 4.6 weeks of gestational age. Switching from inhalation anesthesia to propofol after delivery was performed in 123 patients, while 24 patients received no anesthesia switching (two propofol, 22 inhalation). Thus, propofol and inhalation anesthesia were used after cesarean delivery in 125 and 22 patients including 15 sevoflurane and seven desflurane. The remaining 364 patients were performed under spinal anesthesia. Univariate regression analysis showed that inhalation anesthesia use after delivery tended to reduce blood loss compared with propofol use after delivery, although this did not reach statistical significance (−171 mL; 95%CI, −388 to 46 mL). Multivariate regression analysis, including patients with spinal anesthesia, also showed that intraoperative blood loss using sevoflurane and desflurane after delivery was not significantly different from propofol (−155 mL; 95%CI, −344 to 35 mL). As a positive control, spinal anesthesia showed a significant reduction in blood loss compared with propofol use (−156 mL; 95%CI, −260 to −53 mL). Conclusion Our findings suggest that inhalation anesthetic agents used after delivery are not associated with increased blood loss during cesarean section. Further studies are needed to support our findings.
Oxygen Reserve Index in Predicting Hypoxemia in Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Saraçoğlu Kemal Tolga , Arslan Gülten , Saraçoğlu Ayten , Sezen Özlem 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated whether the oxygen reserve index(ORi) decreases earlier than percutaneous oxygen saturation(SpO2) and provides added warning time in morbidly obese patients.METHODS: After obtaining the approval of the Hospital Ethics Committee, this prospective, observational study included written informed consent from 51 patients with 1940m/kg2 undergoing an elective surgical requiring endotracheal intubation.In addition to standard monitors, an ORi sensor was placed and baseline values were recorded.The patients were preoxygenated until end tidal expiratory oxygen concentration is reached to 90%.After anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation, the breathing circuit was not connected endotracheal tube until the SpO2 decreased to 95%.Times of tolerable apnea,ORi warning,SpO2 warning and added warning were also recorded at the end of preoxygenation, beginning of intubation,beginning of the ORi alarm,when SpO2 reached 95%,when ORi reaches a plateau.RESULTS: In both groups,ORi warning time was longer than the SpO2 warning time.While ORi warning time was observed as 32seconds in morbidly obese patients and 94seconds in patients with normal body mass index(BMI),SpO2 warning time was determined as 15seconds and 36seconds in these patients, respectively.It is observed that tolerable apnea, ORi,SpO2 and added warning times are longer in those with normal BMI compared to those with morbidly obese.CONCLUSIONS: As a result, ORi can provide an early warning to prevent unexpected hypoxia before saturation begins to decrease.In particular, it allows faster intervention in airway management and protection of patient safety by calling for help earlier in high-risk patients such as morbidly obese with reduced pulmonary reserve.
METADICHOL: A natural nano lipid emulsion that expresses all 48 Nuclear receptors in the Stem, somatic, and Cancer cells.
Authors: Raghavan Palayakotai R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

The human nuclear receptor (NR) consists of 49 ligand-dependent transcription factors that play a critical role in development, metabolism, reproduction, cell cycle, differentiation, and diseases, e.g., cancer and cardiovascular disease, to name a few. Today, we have gene sequencing data on NR presence in many organs, disease cells, and tissues. We do not have a simple universal method to study the expression of NR that small molecules can induce in various cell diseased and non-diseased states. Here in we present systematic profiling of NRs in human umbilical cord stem cell lines and Expression of the 48 human NRs was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. using Metadichol a nano-emulsion natural lipid alcohol treated Umbilical cord cells, Fibroblasts, cells expressed all the nuclear receptors at a concentration of 1 picogram per ml to 100 nanogram per ml in a concentration-dependent manner as seen by Q-RT-PCR and qualified by Western blot. This method will allow the study of many organs and tissues and expand our understanding of the role of NR in normal and disease states.
Impact of psychosocial factors on investors’ inclination: The Case of the South Pacific Stock
Authors: Saliya Candauda Arachchige 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Previous research has documented that psychocognitive resources and socioeconomic status have significant influences on investment behavior in financial assets. Drawing from the positive psychosocial perspective, I hypothesized that positive enterprising personality mediates the influence of individual characteristics on investment behaviour and tested them using Structural Equation Modeling method. The findings are that the enterprising personality mediates the influence of individual characteristics on investors’ inclination to invest which, in turn, influences stock market participation. These findings will be useful for financial service providers and regulators in designing educational programs to enhance enterprising personality qualities amongst people generally, and inculcate positive attitudes towards stock investments through mass-awareness programs.Subject classification codes: JEL: A13, A11, B26, C51, D53, G10, G41, G53, O16, O56, P34
Stabilization efficiency of effluents and the effect of post-harvest treatments on microbial removal in Clarias gariepinus cultured in wastewater-fed pond.
Authors: Nsiah-Gyambibi Rapheal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Wastewater-fed aquaculture (WFA) is an innovative water reuse approach of harnessing nutrients in wastewater to culture fish. Due to possible pathogen contamination of fish tissues in WFA, it is necessary to provide precautionary and post-harvest treatments such as depuration and smoking. This study evaluated the current stabilization efficiency of effluents from the Chirapatire wastewater stabilization treatment plant in Ghana and its potential reuse for fish production. The efficacies of depuration and smoking as post-harvest treatments were also investigated. Results indicated that the stabilization efficiency of the effluent in terms of TSS, TDS, ammonia, COD, and BOD5 were all above 50% except alkalinity. Fish survival of > 65% with > 0.3 condition factors and fish yields of > 1500 kg/ha were recorded at the end of the study. Higher levels of total coliform and E. coli contamination were detected in fish tissues but got reduced through depuration and smoking.