bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handlungsräume in Essenssituationen – zur Agency von Kindern in Kindertagesstätten
Authors: Schlattmeier Franziska 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungEssenssituationen in Kindertagesstätten (Kitas) sind komplex und vielschichtig. Darauf bezugnehmende Studien nehmen häufig gesundheitliche, erzieherische, bildungsrelevante sowie körperdisziplinierende Aspekte in den Fokus. Der vorliegende Artikel rückt jedoch die Kinder und deren Agency in den Fokus. Essenssituationen werden hier als Inszenierungen gesehen, und mit einer agencytheoretischen Perspektive wird danach gefragt, wie Essenssituationen in einer Kita inszeniert werden und wie sich darin Agency von Kindern zeigt. Der Artikel basiert auf der Analyse von Beobachtungsprotokollen aus dem Dissertationsprojekt „Agency von Kindern in der Kita“. Es wird herausgearbeitet, wie sich erstens die unterschiedlichen Essenssituationen ineinerKita voneinander unterscheiden. In diesen Unterschiedlichkeiten wird zweitens dargestellt, wie die Kinder in allen Essenssituationen eigene Handlungsräume wie Schweige‑, Erzähl- oder (Sprach‑)Spielräume herstellen oder sie sich eine Bühne in der Gruppe schaffen. Zusätzlich zeigt der Artikel auf, dass durch die Agency der Kinder auch Handlungsräume für die Fachkräfte entstehen, z. B. Austausch- und Organisationsräume.
Essen und Soziale Arbeit
Authors: Meyer Christine 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungSoziale Arbeit ist ständig mit dem Thema Essen beschäftigt. Entweder geht es z. B. um die Verminderung von existenziell bedrohlichen materiellen Notlagen oder z. B. um die Strukturierung des Alltags über die sozialpädagogische Gestaltung von Mahlzeiten bzw. Verzehrsituationen. Doch kaum ein Zusammenhang ist lange so grundlegend in seiner Bedeutung übersehen worden, obwohl das Essen konstitutiv für die Soziale Arbeit erscheint. In den letzten Jahren jedoch hat sich diesbezüglich eine Veränderung vollzogen. Die Komplexität des Essens und die Vielfältigkeit seiner Bedeutungen für die Soziale Arbeit werden zunehmend entfaltet und in vielen Kontexten sind interessante Einsichten sichtbar geworden. Nicht selten wirkt die Fokussierung auf Essensfragen dabei wie eine Art Brennglas für ohnehin sozialpädagogisch relevante Fragestellungen. Ausgangspunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags stellen die zentralen Aspekte der grundlegenden Verbindung des Essens mit der Sozialen Arbeit dar, um im Anschluss die Auswirkungen des Essens als „soziales Totalphänomen“ (Mauss nach: Barlösius 2016, S. 29) auf Soziale Arbeit unter Berücksichtigung der vielfältigen Bedeutungen der Begrifflichkeit zu konkretisieren. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Grundlagen werden sowohl der (inter)disziplinäre Forschungsstand als auch -desiderate verdichtet dargestellt. Nicht zuletzt durch diese Zusammenschau zeigt sich jedoch auch die bereits vorliegende Bandbreite essensbezogener Themen, die die Soziale Arbeit bereichern und ihren Beitrag dazu leisten, die bisherige systematische Vernachlässigung des Themas Essens in der Sozialen Arbeit zu überwinden.
Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in carnivorous waterbird species from Lake Ziway, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Shiferaw , Mamo Yosef , Deribe Ermias , Eklo Ole Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study presents the assessment of bioaccumulation and reproductive health risk associated with organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure in carnivorous waterbird species. We investigated OCPs and PCBs exposure in muscle tissues of 4 species of carnivorous waterbird species from Lake Ziway, Ethiopia. The influences of trophic position and size on accumulation of organochlorine pollutants are investigated. The result shows that Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs), Endosulfan and PCBs are detected. DDTs constitute the dominant contaminant among OCPs investigated. Trophic position and wing chord length are positively associated with levels of ∑DDTs. Mean levels of ∑DDTs and ∑PCBs vary from 143.9 to 1051.1 ng g−1 wet weight (ww) and not detected (ND)—3.5 ng g−1 ww, respectively. Mean levels of 4,4′-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro-ethylene (p,p′-DDE), and 4,4′-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro-ethane (p,p′-DDD) are significantly varied among the bird species. p,p′-DDE contribute 92.3–98.6% of total DDTs. About 26.7% of birds show p,p′-DDE levels above the minimum threshold to cause reproductive failures in birds. Generally, the findings of this study shows that DDT exposure in high trophic levels bird species from Lake Ziway could result in reproductive health risk. The present study may serve as a baseline for future comprehensive exposure and risk assessment studies.

Article Highlights

p,p’-DDE is the dominant contaminant in muscle tissue of the investigated bird species

DDT accumulation varies among the bird species investigated

A quarter of the investigated birds are at risk of reproductive failure as a result of high p,p’-DDE levels
Utilization of nanoparticles for biogas production focusing on process stability and effluent quality
Authors: Abdelwahab Taha Abdelfattah Mohammed , Fodah Ahmed Elsayed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
One of the most important techniques for converting complex organic waste into renewable energy in the form of biogas and effluent is anaerobic digestion. Several issues have been raised related to the effectiveness of the anaerobic digestion process in recent years. Hence nanoparticles (NPs) have been used widely in anaerobic digestion process for converting organic wastes into useful biogas and effluent in an effective way. This review addresses the knowledge gaps and summarizes recent researchers’ findings concentrating on the stability and effluent quality of the cattle manure anaerobic digestion process using single and combinations nanoparticle. In summary, the utilization of NPs have beneficial effects on CH4 production, process optimization, and effluent quality. Their function, as key nutrient providers, aid in the synthesis of key enzymes and co-enzymes, and thus stimulate anaerobic microorganism activities when present at an optimum concentration (e.g., Fe NPs 100 mg/L; Ni NPs 2 mg/L; Co NPs 1 mg/L). Furthermore, utilizing Fe NPs at concentrations higher than 100 mg/L is more effective at reducing H2S production than increasing CH4, whereas Ni NPs and Co NPs at concentrations greater than 2 mg/L and 1 mg/L, respectively, reduce CH4 production. Effluent with Fe and Ni NPs showed stronger fertilizer values more than Co NPs. Fe/Ni/Co NP combinations are more efficient in enhancing CH4 production than single NPs. Therefore, it is possible to utilize NPs combinations as additives to improve the effectiveness of anaerobic digestion.

Article highlights

Single NPs (e.g., Fe, Ni, and Co NPs) in low concentrations are more effective in increasing CH4 production than reducing H2S production.

Optimal Fe, Ni, and Co NP concentrations enhance anaerobic digestion process performance.

Addition of Fe, Ni, and Co NPs above tolerated concentration causes irreversible inhibition in anaerobic digestion.

Effluent with Fe, Ni, and Co NPs showed stronger fertilizer values.

Nanoparticle combinations are more effective for increasing the CH4 production than signal NPs.
Ground Motion Simulations for the 19 January 2020 Jiashi, China, Earthquake Using Stochastic Finite‐Fault Approach
Authors: Wang Chong , Dang Pengfei , Qi Wenhao , Li Yadong , Wang Fuyun , Bo Jingshan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 6.0‐magnitude (Mw) earthquake was reported to have occurred in Jiashi County, Xinjiang at 21:27 on 19 January 2020, Beijing time (13:27 UTC). This study applied a stochastic finite‐fault approach based on the dynamic corner frequency (EXSIM) to simulate 23 near‐field stations within a distance of 120 km from the epicenter. The stochastic finite‐fault approach is the simplest and most effective method for simulating high‐frequency ground motions. According to studies and empirical relationships, we estimated a region‐specific parameter (κ0) for use in simulations. In this study, two different slip models, namely, random and inverted slip models, were used to explain their influence on the simulation results. For most stations, the simulated seismic characteristics, such as the peak ground acceleration (PGA), pseudo spectral acceleration ,and Fourier acceleration spectrum, are highly compatible with the observed values in the frequency range (f > 1 Hz), indicating that the stochastic finite‐fault approach is not highly sensitive to input slip distributions and fault dimensions. The simulation results indicated no significance between the two slip models under high‐frequency conditions. Finally, based on the predicted PGA values of 1891 field points selected near the fault, the acceleration field of the Jiashi earthquake is plotted. The results show that the use of the acceleration time history predicted by modified EXSIM is feasible and practical in the high‐frequency band above 1 Hz.
An Alternative Methodology of Fair‐Weather Identification for Ground‐Based Measurement of AEF at the Polar Region
Authors: Minamoto Yasuhiro , Kamogawa Masashi , Kadokura Akira , Sato Mitsuteru , Omiya Satoshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a novel method to discriminate atmospheric electric field (AEF) variations originating from the global electrical circuit and local meteorological‐induced AEF variations. By comparing the AEF values measured at two different heights, the method identifies the AEF data including disturbances caused by charged blowing snow particles, and provides the fair‐weather AEF data. The intense positive (fair‐weather direction) apparent AEF was measured during strong winds because of the collision of negatively charged blowing snow particles into the sensor electrode of the electric field mill. In general, the volume density of blowing snow particles rapidly decreases with increasing height. Therefore, measured AEF values at the two heights were different. The difference between AEF values measured at the two heights increased at a wind speed of 6 m/s or more. Meanwhile, the statistical analysis showed that the AEF with and without clouds was less than approximately 1 V/m at Syowa Station, which is negligible. In addition, this case study at Syowa Station found no relationship between cloud extension/dissipation and AEF. Accordingly, we propose a practical method to identify the fair‐weather conditions by the AEF values at two heights and wind speed observed in the polar region, such as at Syowa Station. When we employ criteria that the difference between the AEF observed at the 1.4 and 10 m heights was within ±20 V/m under the wind speed with less than 6.0 m/s to the whole data at Syowa Station, 24% of them were identified as fair‐weather data.
Hydrological History of a Palaeolake and Valley System on the Planetary Dichotomy in Arabia Terra, Mars
Authors: Dickeson Z. I. , Grindrod P. M. , Davis J. M. , Crawford I. , Balme M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHundreds of ancient palaeolake basins have been identified and cataloged on Mars, indicating the distribution and availability of liquid water as well as sites of astrobiological potential. Palaeolakes are widely distributed across the Noachian aged terrains of the southern highlands, but Arabia Terra hosts few documented palaeolakes and even fewer examples of open‐basin palaeolakes. Here we present a detailed topographic and geomorphological study of a previously unknown set of seven open‐basin palaeolakes adjacent to the planetary dichotomy in western Arabia Terra. High resolution topographic data were used to aid identification and characterization of palaeolakes within subtle and irregular basins, revealing two palaeolake systems terminating at the dichotomy, including a ∼160 km chain of six palaeolakes connected by short valley segments. Analysis and correlation of multiple, temporally distinct palaeolake fill levels within each palaeolake basin indicate a complex and prolonged hydrological history during the Noachian. Drainage catchments and collapse features place this system in the context of regional hydrology and the history of the planetary dichotomy, showing evidence for both groundwater sources and surface accumulation. Furthermore, the arrangement of large palaeolakes fed by far smaller palaeolakes, indicates a consistent flow of water through the system, buffered by reservoirs, rather than a catastrophic overflow of lakes cascading down through the system.
Not All Light Spectra Were Created Equal: Can We Harvest Light for Optimum Food‐Energy Co‐Generation?
Authors: Camporese Matteo , Abou Najm Majdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHumanity's growing appetites for food and energy are placing unprecedented yield targets on our lands. Chasing those ever‐expanding land intensification targets gave rise to monocultures and sharpened the divide between food and energy production groups. Here, we argue that this does not have to be a zero‐sum game if food and energy can be co‐generated in the same land. Co‐generation can lead to sustainable intensification but requires a paradigm shift in the way we manage our resources, particularly light. Using an extended model of plant photosynthesis and transpiration, we demonstrate how plants react to different incident light spectra and show that manipulating light could be effective for boosting land and water efficiencies, thus potentially improving soil health. This knowledge can possibly unlock the real potential of promising modern agricultural technologies that target optimization of light allocations such as agrivoltaics. This study suggests that the blue part of the light spectrum is less efficient in terms of carbon assimilation and water use and could be more effectively used to produce solar energy, while the red part could efficiently produce biomass. A sensitivity analysis to the most important crop and environmental variables (irradiance, air temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration) shows that plant response to different light treatments is sensitive to environmental boundary conditions and is species‐specific. Therefore, further research is necessary to assess which crops and climates are more suitable to optimize the proposed food‐water‐energy nexus.
Hydrogen Diffusion in Clinopyroxene at Low Temperatures (195°C–400°C) and Consequences for Subsurface Processes
Authors: Bissbort Thilo , Lynn Kendra J. , Becker Hans‐Werner , Chakraborty Sumit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudying diffusion of hydrogen in nominally anhydrous minerals, like clinopyroxene, at low temperatures is a challenging task due to experimental and analytical difficulties. In this study, to overcome these problems we have produced H concentration gradients in single crystals of natural diopsidic clinopyroxene by ion implantation and measured the nanoscale profiles before and after diffusion anneals using Nuclear Resonance Reaction Analysis. These steps allowed us to conduct experiments at temperatures between 195°C and 400°C. Obtained diffusion rates show a consistent Arrhenius relation DH= 5.47(±13.98) · 10−8 · exp (−115.64(±11.5) kJ mol−1/RT) m2s−1. Notably, our results lie well within the range of extrapolations from high temperature experiments (≥600°C) of previous studies. This implies that fast diffusion of hydrogen (compared to other elements) extends to low temperatures. We used these results in a non‐isothermal diffusion model that simulates the ascent of crystals (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mm) along two representative P‐T‐paths from 600°C to 100°C, to assess potential re‐equilibration of H contents in clinopyroxene at low temperatures. Our model highlights the need to carefully consider boundary conditions, which are a function of P‐T‐fO2, that control the concentration gradient at the crystal's rim. The results from this model help to assess, as a function of crystal size and cooling rate, when re‐equilibration must be considered.
The World Ocean Wave Fields Discerned From ERA‐Interim Spectra
Authors: Portilla‐Yandún Jesús 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA wave field is a spatial expanse of the ocean surface in which waves of a single meteorological event are generated and propagate until their energy dissipates and disperses to the point where they are not detectable any further. Since water as a transport medium allows the superposition of waves of different sizes traveling in different directions, the typical sea surface is composed of several coexisting and overlapping fields. Historically, the methods for describing waves were based on bulk parameters (e.g., Hs, Tz), but the modern methods based on the wave spectrum, provide us with all the information necessary to distinguish individual wave fields out of the composed set. Weather prediction centers archive nowadays point spectra time series with global coverage and spanning long periods of time. The statistical characterization of such data shows that long‐term spectral patterns are few and well defined at each location, and they can be associated with a specific meteorological forcing (e.g., distant swells, trade‐winds, local jets). The objective of this work is to consolidate the local point information as to obtain spatially coherent wave fields, discerning them from each other to determine their characteristics. Individual wave fields can be regarded as a new source of information, useful for a wide range of applications such as data assimilation, sediment transport, biomass productivity, among others. For climate‐related purposes time and space variability can be analyzed, identifying trends, anomalies, and tele‐connections. These climate aspects are explored here through an illustrative example focused on the southern trade‐winds' field.
The Response of Nitrogen Deposition in China to Recent and Future Changes in Anthropogenic Emissions
Authors: Zhu Hanzheng , Chen Youfan , Zhao Yuanhong , Zhang Lin , Zhang Xilong , Zheng Bo , Liu Lei , Pan Yuepeng , Xu Wen , Liu Xuejun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a model analysis that quantifies the influence of anthropogenic emission variations on the recent (2005–2015) and future (2030) changes in national scale nitrogen deposition in China and the interacting relationships between their emissions and depositions. We find that the 0.39 Tg N yr−1 increase in the dry deposition of reduced nitrogen (NHx) during 2007–2015 is dominated by the decrease in sulfur dioxides (SO2) emissions, which reduces the formation of ammonium (NH4+) aerosols from gas‐phase ammonia (NH3). Although the decrease in SO2 emissions led to conversion from wet to dry deposition of NHx, the NH4+ wet deposition increased by 0.75 Tg N yr−1 with large interannual variations driven by precipitation. Different from NHx, the oxidized nitrogen (NOy) deposition increased by 1.6 Tg N yr−1 from 2005 to 2011 and decreased by 1.1 Tg N yr−1 from 2011 to 2015, following the changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions. Based on the national scale emission‐deposition relationship estimated from model sensitivity experiments, we find that future emission control would reduce the NOy deposition by 2.4 ± 0.08 to 3.4 ± 0.12 Tg N yr−1 (49%–73%), but only lead to small decreases of 0.93 ± 0.05 to 1.2 ± 0.06 Tg N yr−1 (9%–14%) in NHx deposition in China from 2015 to 2030. The decrease in NOx and SO2 emissions under future scenarios would enhance the NHx dry deposition over domestic China, diminishing the effectiveness of the NH3 emission control. The results emphasize that stricter strategies for controlling agricultural NH3 emissions should be taken to alleviate the adverse environmental impacts from atmospheric nitrogen deposition.
The APOE locus is linked to decline in general cognitive function: 20-years follow-up in the Doetinchem Cohort Study
Authors: Rietman M. Liset , Onland-Moret N. Charlotte , Nooyens Astrid C. J. , Ibi Dorina , van Dijk Ko Willems , Samson Leonard Daniël , Pennings Jeroen L. A. , Schipper Maarten , Wong Albert , Spijkerman Annemieke M. W. , Dollé Martijn E. T. , Verschuren W. M. Monique 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCognitive decline is part of the normal aging process. However, some people experience a more rapid decline than others due to environmental and genetic factors. Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been linked to cognitive function, but only a few to cognitive decline. To understand whether cognitive function and cognitive decline are driven by the same mechanisms, we investigated whether 433 SNPs previously linked to cognitive function and 2 SNPs previously linked to cognitive decline are associated with both general cognitive functioning at baseline and general cognitive decline up to 20-years follow-up in the Doetinchem Cohort Study (DCS). The DCS is a longitudinal population-based study that enrolled men and women aged 20–59 years between 1987–1991, with follow-up examinations every 5 years. We used data of rounds 2–6 (1993–2017, n = 2559). General cognitive function was assessed using four cognition tests measuring memory, speed, fluency and flexibility. With these test scores, standardized residuals (adjusted for sex, age and examination round) were calculated for each cognition test at each round and subsequently combined into one general cognitive function measure using principal component analyses. None of the 435 previously identified variants were associated with baseline general cognitive function in the DCS. But rs429358-C, a coding apolipoprotein E (APOE) SNP and one of the variants previously associated with cognitive decline, was associated with general cognitive decline in our study as well (p-value = 1 × 10−5, Beta = −0.013). These findings suggest that decline of general cognitive function is influenced by other mechanisms than those that are involved in the regulation of general cognitive function.
COVID-19 SeroHub, an online repository of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies in the United States
Authors: Freedman Neal D. , Brown Liliana , Newman Lori M. , Jones Jefferson M. , Benoit Tina J. , Averhoff Francisco , Bu Xiangning , Bayrak Konuralp , Lu Anna , Coffey Brent , Jackson Latifa , Chanock Stephen J. , Kerlavage Anthony R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeroprevalence studies provide useful information about the proportion of the population either vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, previously infected with the virus, or both. Numerous studies have been conducted in the United States, but differ substantially by dates of enrollment, target population, geographic location, age distribution, and assays used. This can make it challenging to identify and synthesize available seroprevalence data by geographic region or to compare infection-induced versus combined infection- and vaccination-induced seroprevalence. To facilitate public access and understanding, the National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the COVID-19 Seroprevalence Studies Hub (COVID-19 SeroHub, https://covid19serohub.nih.gov/), a data repository in which seroprevalence studies are systematically identified, extracted using a standard format, and summarized through an interactive interface. Within COVID-19 SeroHub, users can explore and download data from 178 studies as of September 1, 2022. Tools allow users to filter results and visualize trends over time, geography, population, age, and antigen target. Because COVID-19 remains an ongoing pandemic, we will continue to identify and include future studies.