bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and mycobacterial culture in routine clinical care at a paediatric hospital
Authors: Enimil Anthony K. , Nuttall James J.C. , Centner Chad M. , Beylis Natalie , Eley Brian S. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Microbiological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in children is a well-documented challenge. This study evaluated Xpert Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB)/Rifampicin (RIF) Ultra (Ultra) and mycobacterial cultures in routine clinical care at a tertiary paediatric hospital.Methods: Children treated for PTB and who had at least one respiratory specimen investigated by Ultra and mycobacterial culture before tuberculosis (TB) treatment was commenced were included. The findings of this retrospective study were summarised using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: A total of 174 children were included. The median age was 2.5 years. Microcytic anaemia, airway compression, cavitary disease and miliary TB were significantly observed in children with microbiologically confirmed TB (cTB). Tuberculosis was microbiologically confirmed in 93 (53.4%) children. The positive yield from testing the first respiratory specimens was 68/174 (39.1%) on Ultra and 82/174 (47.1%) on combined Ultra and mycobacterial culture. In the subset of children (n = 70) tested with Ultra on two sequential respiratory specimens, the incremental yield from the second specimen was 30.3%. In the subset of children (n = 16) tested with Ultra on three sequential respiratory specimens, the incremental yield from the second and third specimens was 16.7% and 0.0%, respectively. When Ultra and mycobacterial culture results were combined, the incremental yield in children who had two sequential respiratory specimens tested was 24.4% and 3.1% on Ultra and mycobacterial culture, respectively.Conclusion: Ultra and mycobacterial culture on a single respiratory specimen resulted in a high microbiological yield. Ultra-testing on a second respiratory specimen increased the yield of microbiologically cTB. Additional diagnostic testing may require further study.
The Unmeasured Burden of Febrile, Respiratory, and Diarrheal Illnesses Identified Through Active Household Surveillance in a Low Malaria Transmission Setting in Southern Zambia
Authors: Mueller Alexandra K. , Matoba Japhet , Schue Jessica L. , Hamapumbu Harry , Kobayashi Tamaki , Stevenson Jennifer C. , Thuma Philip E. , Wesolowski Amy , Moss William J. , _ _ 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT.
Malaria incidence has declined in southern Zambia over recent decades, leading to efforts to achieve and sustain malaria elimination. Understanding the remaining disease burden is key to providing optimal health care. A longitudinal study conducted in a rural area of Choma District, Southern Province, Zambia, assessed the prevalence of and factors associated with symptoms of non-malarial illnesses and treatment-seeking behavior. We analyzed data collected monthly between October 2018 through September 2020 from 1,174 individuals from 189 households. No incident malaria cases were detected by rapid diagnostic tests among febrile participants. Mixed-effects logistic regression identified factors associated with cough, fever, diarrhea, and treatment-seeking. Incidence rates of cough (192 of 1,000 person-months), fever (87 of 1,000 person-months), and fever with cough (37 of 1,000 person-months) were highest among adults older than 65 years. Diarrhea incidence (37 of 1,000 person-months) was highest among children younger than 5 years. For every additional symptomatic household member, one’s odds of experiencing symptoms increased: cough by 47% (95% CI, 40–55), fever by 31% (95% CI, 23–40), diarrhea by 31% (95% CI, 17–46), and fever with cough by 112% (95% CI, 90–137), consistent with household clustering of illnesses. However, between 35% and 75% of participants did not seek treatment for their symptoms. Treatment-seeking was most common for children 5 to 9 years old experiencing diarrhea (adjusted odds ratio, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.42–9.18). As malaria prevalence reduces, respiratory and diarrheal infections persist, particularly among young children but, notably, also among adults older than 65 years. Increasing awareness of the disease burden and treatment-seeking behavior are important for guiding resource re-allocation as malaria prevalence declines in this region.
Analysis of gender dynamics in cassava production for resource empowerment among farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Awotona T.O. , Oladimeji Y.U. , Damisa M.A. 
Published: June 2022

One of the key hindrances to agricultural advancement is the wide gender gap in agricultural productivity. This study focused on gender dynamics in cassava production towards resource empowerment among farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to determine the level of involvement of cassava farmers based on gender and to determine the empowerment status and gender parity of women and men cassava farmers. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to randomly selected 245 cassava farmers made up of 68 adult male, 58 adult female, 61 youth male and 58 youth female cassava farmers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and empowerment in agriculture index. Both genders were highly involved in cassava farming. However, results further showed that adult males and females were more involved (x̅ = 2.28 and x̅ =2.3) than the youth male and female cassava farmers (x̅=2.18 and x̅=2.07 respectively). The disempowered headcount ratio was 60.3% for women as against 40.5% for men. This can be attributed to a number of indicators and domains of the 5DE sub-index in which women were considerably disadvantaged. The average adequacy score reveals that men achieved adequacy in 64% of dimensions of 5DE, while the 5DE adequacy score was 53% for women. The 5DE disempowerment index disaggregated by gender establishes that the domain of production and control over resources were the major contributors to the disempowerment index for both women and men. Within the domain of the resources, the combined influence of ownership of assets and access to credit and associated decisions contributed 26.86 and 31.52 % respectively to women and men disempowerment. Formulation of policies, planning and preparation of projects/programmes that would encourage gender sensitivity on cassava production by relevant agencies is advocated.
Socio-economic factors affecting fisherfolks in Otuocha and Ebenebe fishing communities in Anambra state, Nigeria
Authors: Ikechukwu C.C. , Chukwurah M.M , Nwankwo C.G , Ogbonnaya H.F , Edeh I.C 
Published: June 2022

Fishing is an important source of income contributing to the economy of fishing communities living around Ezu and Omamabala Rivers in Ebenebe and Otuocha areas in Anambra State, Nigeria. A total of 120 structured questionnaires were distributed to obtain the socio-economic information from the respondents. Descriptive statistic was used for the data analysis. Results from the study revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between Ebenebe and Otuocha fishing communities, in terms of level of education attained, with no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the average monthly income earned. The study also showed that 71.7% of the respondents were males which engaged in fish farming while 28.3% were females involving in fish processing and trading, both of which were mostly within the age bracket of 30-39 years. The highest household size (35.9%) comprised of 6 members while 92.3% of the respondents had one form of education or the other. Most of the respondents (69.6%) took fishing as their major occupation while 30.4% also involved in other activities in addition to fishing operations. A 5-point likert scale was employed to record challenges of the respondents, and could be concluded that the socio-economic conditions of the fisherfolks in the study areas were not highly excellent due to lack of basic social amenities and modern fishing facilities amongst other factors.
Keywords: Fisher folks, Social-Economic factors, Ebenebe, Otuocha, Anambra
Spawning performance and survival of Clarias gariepinus fry bred under different water sources in Abakaliki Metropolis
Authors: Awoke J.S , Oti E.E. , Okoro C.B 
Published: June 2022

The study was conducted to compare effects of three different water sources on hatchability and survival of Clarias gariepinus fry. The water sources used were: rain (RNW), borehole (BHW) and well (WLW). The experiment involved artificial induced breeding of C. gariepinus and rearing the resultant larvae/hatchlings for 14 days to assess reproductive performance. Hatchability was estimated 24 hours after incubation, while larval survival was determined at 14 days’ post hatching. Data resulting from the experiment were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Percentage hatchability in all water sources were relatively high with the highest mean value of 93.1±1.60% obtained in RNW experiment. Larval survival after 14 days’ post hatching was above average with the highest mean value of 63.7±2.41% recorded in BHW while RNW recorded the lowest mean value of 44.2±0.55%. The results of this study has demonstrated that borehole water may be a suitable water source for induced artificial spawning of the African catfish and subsequent larval rearing.
Keywords: Brood Stock, Hypophysation, Propagation, Water quality, Milt, Hatching
Microbiological properties of water and sediment of New Calabar River, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Otene B.B , Chukwu K.O , Pepple F.S 
Published: June 2022

Microbiological characteristics of water and sediment of New Calabar, River, Port Harcourt, Nigeria were investigated. Water and sediment samples were collected from three stations {Aluu, ARAC (Station 1; Choba Bridge (Station 2) and Rumuokparali (Station 3)} on a monthly basis between February and April, 2020 and analyzed using standard methods. The results showed that Total Heterotrophic Bacteria in water (THBw) ranged between 2.20 x 102 and 2.6x104 cfu/ml with the overall mean value of 7,313.33 + 1039.09 cfu/ml while that of sediment (THBs) ranged between 3.1 x 103 and 3.9 x 104 cfu/g with the overall mean value of 42,566.67 + 71199cfu /g. The THB counts were higher in sediment than in water with Station 2 significantly different from other stations. Total Coliform Bacteria (TCB) in water ranged between 1.1 x 103 cfu/ml and 2.9 x 103 cfu/ml with the mean value of 1988.89±532.55cfu/ml while that of sediment ranged between 1.3 x 103 cfu/g and 2.5 x 104 cfu/g with the mean value of 9422.22 ±9595.41cfu/g. TCB counts in water showed no significant difference across the stations at p<0.05 but Station 2 statistically differed from Stations 1 and 3 in the sediment. Morphological and biochemical tests showed that 8 bacteria species were isolated from sediment and and 9 specimens were recovered from water. Some isolated specimens were: Bacillus spp, Staphylococcus. sp, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis while Escherichia coli was the only bacterium found in water but absent in sediment. Two species: Staphylococcus spp and Bacillus subtilis dominated the study area. Fungal counts in water ranged between 3.0 x102 and 2.6 x 103 cfu/ml with the overall mean value of 1911.11±67.51cfu/ml while that of sediment ranged between 1.7 x101 and 3x102 with the overall mean value of 173.00±78.52 cfu/g. Fungi counts showed significant difference (p < 0.05) across the stations in water and sediment. Macroscopic and microscopic characterization of fungi showed that 6 fungi species were recovered in water and sediment. These included Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oligospora and Pennicillium species. The species Fusarium solani and Aspergillus flavor were found in Station 1 but absent in Stations 2 and 3. It could be observed that microbial counts in both water and sediment exceeded the 1.0x102 cfu/ml and 0 cfu/ml recommended levels by WHO and EPA respectively. Thus, the study area may be under threat and the water may be unsafe for human consumption.
Keywords: Microbiological Properties, Sediment, Water, New Calabar River, Port Harcourt
PROBABILIDADE E ESTATÍSTICA APLICADA NA ENGENHARIA: GRÁFICO DE CONTROLE, TESTE NÃO-PARAMÉTRICO E CAPACIDADE DE PROCESSOS
Authors: Silva Sarley de Araújo 
Published: June 2022

O presente trabalho consiste em utilizar conceitos de probabilidade e estatística em aplicações problemas mediados pelo software como metodologia para o ensino de engenharia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar problemas através do Minitab que é um recurso facilitador no ensino aprendizagem dos educadores e educandos no ensino superior. Os resultados obtidos nos gráficos mostram as variáveis analisadas em problemas de estatística com maior visualização e precisão. Concluiu-se que a metodologia aplicada de forma adequada traz melhoria para o ensino por parte dos professores e educandos facilitando o estudo de problemas em engenharia. Foi possível verificar que o uso da ferramenta contribuiu consideravelmente no ensino aprendizagem, daí a necessidade de práticas com o software no ensino superior.
Alpha1-Proteinase Inhibitor (Human) (Zemaira)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: June 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses alpha1-proteinase inhibitor (human) (Zemaira), 60 mg/kg body weight administered by IV infusion once weekly.
Indication: Maintenance treatment of adults with severe alpha1-proteinase inhibitor deficiency and clinical evidence of emphysema.
Hourly historical and near-future weather and climate variables for energy system modelling
Authors: Bloomfield Hannah C. , Brayshaw David J. , Deakin Matthew , Greenwood David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Energy systems are becoming increasingly exposed to the impacts of weather and climate due to the uptake of renewable generation and the electrification of the heat and transport sectors. The need for high-quality meteorological data to manage present and near-future risks is urgent. This paper provides a comprehensive set of multi-decadal, time series of hourly meteorological variables and weather-dependent power system components for use in the energy systems modelling community.
Despite the growing interest in the impacts of climate variability and climate change on energy systems over the last decade, it remains rare for multi-decadal simulations of meteorological data to be used within detailed simulations. This is partly due to computational constraints, but also due to technical barriers limiting the use of meteorological data by non-specialists.
This paper presents a new European-level dataset which can be used to investigate the impacts of climate variability and climate change on multiple aspects of near-future energy systems. The datasets correspond to a suite of well-documented, easy-to-use, self-consistent, hourly- and nationally aggregated, and sub-national time series for 2 m temperature, 10 m wind speed, 100 m wind speed, surface solar irradiance, wind power capacity factor, solar power factor, and degree days spanning over 30 European countries. This dataset is available for the historical period 1950–2020 and is accessible from https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.000321 (Bloomfield and Brayshaw, 2021a). As well as this a companion dataset is created where the ERA5 reanalysis is adjusted to represent the impacts of near-term climate change (centred on the year 2035) based on five high-resolution climate model simulations. These data are available for a 70-year period for central and northern Europe. The data are accessible from https://doi.org/10.17864/1947.000331 (Bloomfield and Brayshaw, 2021b). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time a comprehensive set of high-quality hourly time series relating to future climate projections has been published, which is specifically designed to support the energy sector. The purpose of this paper is to detail the methods required for processing the climate model data and illustrate the importance of accounting for climate variability and climate change within energy system modelling from the sub-national to European scale. While this study is therefore not intended to be an exhaustive analysis of climate impacts, it is hoped that publishing these data will promote greater use of climate data within energy system modelling.
The singular value decomposition method of improved incidence matrix for isomorphism identification of epicyclic gear trains
Authors: Zhou Mingshuai , Sun Wei , Wu Rongxuan , Fu Wenxu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The epicyclic gear train (EGT) is an advanced gear
transmission mechanism, which is widely applied in drive systems. It is
of great significance to eliminate the same structure in the type synthesis
of EGTs. In this paper, an isomorphism identification method of EGTs based
on the singular value decomposition of improved incidence matrix is
proposed. Firstly, the improved incidence matrix is used to describe the
structure of EGTs. Then, the degree sequence of links and kinematic pairs
can be extracted and used as a basic information for preliminary screening.
The improved incidence matrix can effectively distinguish multiple joints.
Next, the topological connection relationship between the links and the
kinematic pairs is extracted by the singular value decomposition of the
matrix, which is used as the final value for isomorphism identification of
EGTs. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through a lot of
examples.
Pengaruh Disiplin Dan Motivasi Terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa Prodi Akuntansi Universitas Nusaputra
Authors: Neneng Paridatul Husna  , Siti Rukoyah  
Published: June 2022

Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 100 mahasiswa Program Studi Akuntansi. Sampel penelitian menggunakan metode random sampling, dan sebagian dari populasi yang dipilih yaitu 33 orang. Regresi linier berganda adalah teknik analisis data yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini, memakai pengujian hipotesis parsial serta secara simultan dan memakai koefisien determinasi. Uji prasyarat analisis yaitu uji normalitas yang dilakukan memakai kolmogorov smirnov, lalu uji multikolinieritas, selanjutnya uji heteroskedastisitas kemudian uji linieritas terlebih dahulu dilakukan sebelum melakukan analisis pengujian . Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa disiplin dan motivasi berpengaruh terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa. Regresi linier berganda Y = 6,714 + 0,250x1 + 0,373x2. Uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan parsial melalui tingkat signifikansi sebesar 5%. Variabel disiplin, nilai ????ℎ???????????????????? adalah 0,243 dan nilai ???????????????????????? sebesar 1,664 maka diperoleh ????ℎ????????????????????>???????????????????????? (0,243>1,664). Kemudian, untuk variabel motivasi, nilai ????ℎ???????????????????? adalah 2,048 dan nilai ???????????????????????? sebesar1,664, maka diperoleh ????ℎ????????????????????>????????????????el (2,048>1,664). Sedangkan uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan simultan melalui tingkat signifikansi sebesar 5% memperlihatkan besarnya nilai ????ℎ???????????????????? adalah 11,839 dan besarnya nilai ???????????????????????? adalah 3,12, oleh karena itu diperoleh ????ℎ????????????????????>???????????????????????? (11,839>3,12) dan koefisien (R square) sebesar 0,441/44,1%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sumbangan variabel displin dan motivasi terhadap Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa sebesar 44,1%. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan disiplin dan motivasi belajar mahasiswa.
Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Harga Saham (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Property & Realestate Sub Sektor Kontruksi dan Bangunan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia)
Authors: Dwiyanti Herlina , Rizki Apriani  , Wili Handayani  
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk memenuhi tugas kuliah serta untuk memahami bagaimana pengaruh rasio keuangan kepada harga saham pada perusahaan property realestate sektor kontruksi serta bangunan yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2019. Dengan menggunakan rasio keuangan seperti rasio profibilitas ,likuiditas dan solvibilitas.
Adapun rasio-rasio keuangan yang diteliti yaitu Current Ratio (CR), Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin (NPM), dan Operating Profit Margin (OPM), sebagai variabel indevenden dan harga saham sebagai variabel dependen . Dalam penelitian ini kami sebagai peneliti menggunakan sebanyak 8 sampel perusahaan yang terdaftar di bursa efek indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data kuantitatif laporan keuangan tahunan perusahaan yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisa regresi linear berganda dengan memakai program SPSS. Hasil penelitian yang kami peroleh ini menunjukan variabel independen memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel dependen.
Analisa Laporan Keuangan Guna Mengukur Kinerja Keuangan Pada Perusahaan Semen Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Elin Paulina  , Fitri Mareta  , Ana Yuliana Jasuni  , Silvi Meliani  
Published: June 2022

Kinerja keuangan pada perusahaan semen di Bursa Efek Indonesia ialah menganalisisa laporan keuangan perusahaan. Guna menelaah keadaan keuangan perusahaan caka patau tidak, dan mampu di diketahui memakai analisis rasio. Maksud penelitian ini adalah guna mengetahui kinerja keuangan pada Wijaya Karya Beton, Waskita Beton Precast dan Semen Baturaja. Rasio likuiditas Waskita Beton Precast dan Semen Baturaja perusahaan mengalami kenaikan menjadikan keadaan perusahaan dikategorikan dalam keadaan cakap, berbanding terbalik dengan Wijaya Karya Beton yang mengalami penurunan menjadikan tidak dalam keadaan cakap. Rasio aktivitas menampakan tingkatan di setiap tahunnya menjadikan keadaan perusahaan Waskita Beton Precast dan Semen Baturaja dikatakan dalam keadaan cakap, tapi Wijaya Karya Beton yang mengalami penurunan menjadikan tidak dalam keadaan cakap. Rasio solvabilitas menampakan bahwa modal perusahaan Waskita Beton Precast sedikit menanggung utang atas kreditor, menjadikan keadaan perusahaan dikatakan dalam keadaan tidak cakap, Berbeda dengan Wijaya Karya Beton dan Semen Baturaja berada dalam posisi yang cakap. Rasio profitabilitas menampakan peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun dapat diucapkan perusahaan Karya Beton, Waskita Beton Precast dan Semen Baturaja berada pada posisi yang cakap meskipun Waskita Beton Precast mengalami sedikit penurunan.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Wajib pajak Bumi Bangunan Terhadap Sanksi Pajak
Authors: Nadia riskiana Nadia riskiana , Imahda Khoiri Furqon  
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh sikap wajib pajak, kesadaran wajib pajak,dan sanksi terhadap wajib pajak, terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak dalam membayar pajak bumi dan bangunan. Data yang diperoleh berupa data dari kanwil direktorat jendral pajak. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif r. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial sikap wajib pajak tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, kesadaran wajib pajak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, pengetahuan perpajakan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak, dan secara simultan sikap wajib pajak, kesadaran wajib pajak, dan sanksi pajak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak.