bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated-Sprint Exercise in the Heat Increases Indirect Markers of Gastrointestinal Damage in Well-Trained Team-Sport Athletes
Authors: Wallett Alice , McKune Andrew , Pyne David , Bishop David , Girard Olivier , Saunders Philo , Périard Julien 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Athletes engaged in repeated-sprint training in the heat can be at an increased risk of gastrointestinal ischemia and damage in response to a redistribution of blood to working skeletal muscles and the skin. This study investigated the effects of repeated sprinting in hot and cool conditions on markers of gastrointestinal damage. Methods: Twenty-five, well-trained, nonheat acclimated male team-sport athletes completed a five-session, repeated-sprint training regimen over 7 days in either HOT (40 °C and 40% relative humidity [RH]) or COOL (20 °C and 40% RH) conditions. Participants underwent a 20-min warm-up and four sets of 5 × 6-s maximal cycling sprints, with 24-s rest and 5-min recovery between sets. Venous blood was collected pre-, post-, and 1 hr postexercise and analyzed for intestinal fatty acid binding protein, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, soluble CD14, and heat-shock protein. Results: Intestinal fatty acid binding protein concentrations were significantly increased (p < .004) postexercise (593 and 454 pg/ml) and 1 hr postexercise (466 and 410 pg/ml) on both Days 1 and 5 in HOT. Soluble CD14 increased by 398 and 308 ng/ml postexercise (p = .041), and lipopolysaccharide binding protein increased by 1,694 ng/ml postexercise on Day 1 in HOT (p < .05) and by 1,520 ng/ml on Day 5 in COOL (p = .026). Core and skin temperature, rating of perceived exertion, and thermal sensation were higher (p < .05) in HOT on Days 1 and 5 during sprinting. Conclusions: Repeated sprinting in the heat induced greater thermal strain and mild changes in gastrointestinal damage, likely attributable to the combination of environmental conditions and maximal-intensity exercise.
Sleep Architecture in Response to a Late Evening Competition in Team-Sport Athletes
Authors: Vitale Jacopo Antonino , Galbiati Andrea , De Giacomi Gaia , Tornese Davide , Levendowski Daniel , Ferini-Strambi Luigi , Banfi Giuseppe 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a late evening competition on sleep characteristics and perceived recovery in team-sport players using a validated self-applicable and portable polysomnographic device. Methods: Sixteen team-sport players (age: 25.4 [1.4] y; body mass index: 23.6 [0.5] kg/m2) completed the study. Objective and subjective sleep data were collected for 4 consecutive nights: 2 nights before (PRE2 and PRE1) and the 2 nights after an evening match (POST1), performed between 6:00 PM and 9:00 PM. Total quality of recovery values were also collected in the morning. Results: A significantly delayed bedtime (P < .0001; , large) was observed in the first night after the competition (2 h 29 min [1 h 15 min]) compared both to PRE2 (+88 min; P < .0001), PRE1 (+98 min; P < .0001), and POST1 (+100 min; P < .0001), and similar results were observed for wake-up time (P = .033; , large): Players woke up significantly later in evening match (9 h 20 min [1 h 55 min]) compared with PRE2 (+85 min; P = .050) and POST1 (+85 min; P = .049). Conversely, total sleep time; sleep efficiency; sleep onset latency; wake after sleep onset; cortical arousals; N1, N2, N3, and REM (rapid eye movement) percentages; total quality of recovery values; and scores of subjective sleep quality did not vary among the 4 study nights. Conclusions: Team-sport players had delayed bedtime and wake-up time following an evening competition; however, sleep quality, duration, and subjective scores of recovery were not affected by the evening match. The delayed wake-up time seems to protect athletes’ sleep efficiency/duration against the evening-match-induced delayed bedtime.
Public health for paediatricians: 15-minute guide to identify and address food insecurity
Authors: Prendergast Mabel , Kanella Ilektra , Milton-Jones Helena , Moula Zoe , Scott Katie , Shah Rakhee 
Published: February 2022

Food insecurity is a major problem in the UK. It has been both highlighted and exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and particularly affects children and young people (CYP). The effects of inadequate nutrition manifest themselves in all stages of child development and adversely affect health and educational outcomes. Healthcare professionals working with CYP can address food insecurity at individual, local community, organisational and national levels. The government plays an important role in monitoring and responding to food insecurity, supporting CYP most in need.This paper summarises how food insecurity can be identified and approached by healthcare professionals in clinical consultations, including the use of screening tools and awareness of risk factors that signpost family food insecurity. Examples of services and clinician-assisted referrals to support vulnerable patients are provided, alongside suggested methods to implement further education for the multidisciplinary healthcare team.
Phase III, international, multicentre, double-blind, dose increment, parallel-arm, randomised controlled trial of duloxetine versus pregabalin for opioid-unresponsive neuropathic cancer pain: a JORTC-PAL16 trial protocol
Authors: Matsuoka Hiromichi , Clark Katherine , Fazekas Belinda , Oyamada Shunsuke , Brown Linda , Ishiki Hiroto , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Hasuo Hideaki , Ariyoshi Keisuke , Lee Jessica , Le Brian , Allcroft Peter , Kochovska Slavica , Fujiwara Noriko , Miyaji Tempei , Lovell Melanie , Agar Meera , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Satomi Eriko , Iwase Satoru , Phillips Jane , Koyama Atsuko , Currow David C 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionManagement of neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) refractory to regular opioids remains an important challenge. The efficacy of pregabalin for NCP except chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) has already been confirmed in two randomised controlled trials (RCTs) compared with placebo. Duloxetine offers the potential of analgesia in opioid refractory NCP. However, there are no RCT of duloxetine for the management of opioid-refractory NCP as a first line treatment. Both classes of drugs have the potential to reduce NCP, but there has been no head-to-head comparison for the efficacy and safety, especially given differing side effect profiles.Methods and analysisAn international, multicentre, double-blind, dose increment, parallel-arm, RCT is planned. Inclusion criteria include: adults with cancer experiencing NCP refractory to opioids; Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)-item 3 (worst pain) of ≥4; Neuropathic Pain on the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Pain Scale of ≥12 despite of an adequate trial of regular opioid medication (≥60 mg/day oral morphine equivalent dose). Patients with CIPN are excluded.The study will recruit from palliative care teams (both inpatients and outpatients) in Japan and Australia. Participants will be randomised (1:1 allocation ratio) to duloxetine or pregabalin arm. Dose escalation is until day 14 and from day 14 to 21 is a dose de-escalation period to avoid withdrawal effects. The primary endpoint is defined as the mean difference in BPI item 3 for worst pain intensity over the previous 24 hours at day 14 between groups. A sample size of 160 patients will be enrolled between February 2020 and March 2023.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained at Osaka City University Hospital Certified Review Board and South Western Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee. The results of this study will be submitted for publication in international journals and the key findings presented at international conferences.Trial registration numbersjRCTs051190097, ACTRN12620000656932.
Open and minimally invasive surgery for gastrointestinal stromal tumours: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Mu Mingchun , Cai Zhaolun , Liu Chunyu , Shen Chaoyong , Yin Yuan , Yin Xiaonan , Jiang Zhiyuan , Zhao Zhou , Zhang Bo 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionGastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumours of the digestive system, and complete resection is the only way to provide a radical cure for resectable GISTs. Open surgery and minimally invasive approaches, including laparoscopy, robotic surgery and endoscopy, consist of the mainstream GIST resection. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding which surgical outcomes and long-term prognosis would be better. Thus, we are planning to conduct a network meta-analysis and systematic review aiming to determine the comparative effectiveness among laparotomy, laparoscopy, endoscopy, robotic surgery, and laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery in GISTs.Method and analysisPubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science will be searched for published studies to identify the proper literature comparing open resection, laparoscopy, endoscopy, robotic surgery, and laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for resecting GISTs from inception to February 2021. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised studies comparing at least two different interventions for GIST resection will be included. RCTs and non-randomised studies will be synthesised and analysed separately. Bayesian network meta-analysis will be performed to compare the surgical outcomes and long-term prognosis among the resection methods above. The included studies will be divided into several subgroups according to tumour location and size for further analysis. Sensitivity analysis will be performed to identify and explain heterogeneity to make our results robust. Meta-regression will serve as a supplementary method if data are available. The quality of evidence will be evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required for this network meta-analysis, as it is based on already published data. The findings of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021237892.
COVID-19 risk perceptions of social interaction and essential activities and inequity in the USA: results from a nationally representative survey
Authors: Erchick Daniel J , Zapf Alexander J , Baral Prativa , Edwards Jeffrey , Mehta Shruti H , Solomon Sunil S , Gibson Dustin G , Agarwal Smisha , Labrique Alain B 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 has disproportionately affected disadvantaged communities across the USA. Risk perceptions for social interactions and essential activities during the COVID-19 pandemic may vary by sociodemographic factors.MethodsWe conducted a nationally representative online survey of 1592 adults in the USA to understand risk perceptions related to transmission of COVID-19 for social (eg, visiting friends) and essential activities (eg, medical visits or returning to work). We assessed relationships for activities using bivariate comparisons and multivariable logistic regression modelling, between responses of safe and unsafe, and participant characteristics. Data were collected and analysed in 2020.ResultsAmong 1592 participants, risk perceptions of unsafe for 13 activities ranged from 29.2% to 73.5%. Large gatherings, indoor dining and visits with elderly relatives had the highest proportion of unsafe responses (>58%), while activities outdoor, accessing healthcare and going to the grocery store had the lowest (<36%). Older respondents were more likely to view social gatherings and indoor activities as unsafe but less likely for other activities, such as going to the grocery store and accessing healthcare. Compared with white/Caucasian respondents, black/African-American and Hispanic/Latino respondents were more likely to view activities such as dining and visiting friends outdoor as unsafe. Generally, men versus women, Republicans versus Democrats and independents, and individuals with higher versus lower income were more likely to view activities as safe.ConclusionEvidence-based interventions should be tailored to sociodemographic differences in risk perception, access to information and health behaviours when implementing efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic.
Protocol for integrating mental health services into primary healthcare facilities: a qualitative study of the perspectives of patients, family members and healthcare providers in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Naheed Aliya , Ashraf Mir Nabila , Chakma Nantu , Jennings Hannah Maria , Nahar Papreen 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn Bangladesh, Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 67% of all deaths. Mental health services are not available in routine healthcare at the primary facilities in Bangladesh. The protocol is for a qualitative study that seeks to understand the perceptions, beliefs and norms regarding common mental disorders (CMDs) among patients with NCD with and without CMDs to identify barriers to accessing mental health services in rural communities in Bangladesh. We also aim to explore the feasibility of integrating mental healthcare into routine NCD services at primary health facilities in rural Bangladesh.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted at the outpatient departments in two subdistrict hospitals and one district hospital in Munshiganj district in Bangladesh. We will purposefully select patients with hypertension and diabetes from the patient inventory generated from a recently completed randomised control trial titled ‘Control of Blood Pressure and Risk Attenuation Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka’ in two subdistricts in Munshiganj district in Bangladesh. The selected participants will be screened for CMD using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21) over the telephone. Sixty in-depth interviews with patients and family members, 8–10 key informant interviews with healthcare providers and 2 focus group discussions with community health workers will be held following consent.The study is conceptualised under Levesque et al’s framework. Thematic analysis will be applied following the study objectives and key issues, and commonly emerging topics generated by the data. The findings will be presented anonymously to corroborate the interpretation.Ethics and disseminationApproval has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board at icddr,b (PR-19108) and the University of York (HSRGC/2020/382/F). Written informed consent or audio recording consent form in Bangla will be obtained. For dissemination, we will invite representatives of the collaborating institutions to share the findings in national or international conferences and peer-reviewed journals.
Estimating maternity ward birth attendant time use in India: a microcosting study
Authors: Lofgren Katherine T , Bobanski Lauren , Tuller Danielle E , Singh Vinay P , Marx Delaney Megan , Jurczak Amanda , Ragavan Meera , Kalita Tapan , Karlage Ami , Resch Stephen Charles , Semrau Katherine E A 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesDespite global concern over the quality of maternal care, little is known about the time requirements to complete the essential birth practices. Using three microcosting data collection methods within the BetterBirth trial, we aimed to assess time use and the specific time requirements to incorporate the WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist into clinical practice.SettingWe collected detailed survey data on birth attendant time use within the BetterBirth trial in Uttar Pradesh, India. The BetterBirth trial tested whether the peer-coaching-based implementation of the WHO Checklist was effective in improving the quality of facility-based childbirth care.ParticipantsWe collected measurements of time to completion for 18 essential birth practices from July 2016 through October 2016 across 10 facilities in five districts (1559 total timed observations). An anonymous survey asked about the impact of the WHO Checklist on birth attendants at every intervention facility (15 facilities, 83 respondents) in the Lucknow hub. Additionally, data collectors visited facilities to conduct a census of patients and birth attendants across 20 facilities in seven districts between June 2016 and November 2016 (six hundred and ten 2-hour facility observations).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure of this study is the per cent of staff time required to complete the essential birth practices included in the WHO Checklist.ResultsWhen birth attendants were timed, we found practices were completed rapidly (18 s to 2 min). As the patient load increased, time dedicated to clinical care increased but remained low relative to administrative and downtime. On average, WHO Checklist clinical care accounted for less than 7% of birth attendant time use per hour.ConclusionsWe did not find that a coaching-based implementation of the WHO Checklist was a burden on birth attendant’s time use. However, questions remain regarding the performance quality of practices and how to accurately capture and interpret idle and break time.Trial registration numberNCT02148952.
Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Controls Proteomic and Transcriptomic Pathways to Maintain Glioma Stem Cell Activity
Authors: Auzmendi-Iriarte Jaione , Otaegi-Ugartemendia Maddalen , Carrasco-Garcia Estefania , Azkargorta Mikel , Diaz Antonio , Saenz-Antoñanzas Ander , Andermatten Joaquin Andrés , Garcia-Puga Mikel , Garcia Idoia , Elua-Pinin Alejandro , Ruiz Irune , Sampron Nicolas , Elortza Felix , Cuervo Ana Maria , Matheu Ander 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a homeostatic process essential for the lysosomal degradation of a selected subset of the proteome. CMA activity directly depends on the levels of LAMP2A, a critical receptor for CMA substrate proteins at the lysosomal membrane. In glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain cancer in adulthood, high levels of LAMP2A in the tumor and tumor-associated pericytes have been linked to temozolomide resistance and tumor progression. However, the role of LAMP2A, and hence CMA, in any cancer stem cell type or in glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) remains unknown. In this work, we show that LAMP2A expression is enriched in patient-derived GSCs, and its depletion diminishes GSC-mediated tumorigenic activities. Conversely, overexpression of LAMP2A facilitates the acquisition of GSC properties. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of LAMP2A-depleted GSCs revealed reduced extracellular matrix interaction effectors in both analyses. Moreover, pathways related to mitochondrial metabolism and the immune system were differentially deregulated at the proteome level. Furthermore, clinical samples of GBM tissue presented overexpression of LAMP2, which correlated with advanced glioma grade and poor overall survival. In conclusion, we identified a novel role of CMA in directly regulating GSCs activity via multiple pathways at the proteome and transcriptome levels.

Significance:
A receptor of chaperone-mediated autophagy regulates glioblastoma stem cells and may serve as a potential biomarker for advanced tumor grade and poor survival in this disease.
Olaparib Maintenance Monotherapy in Asian Patients with Platinum-Sensitive Relapsed Ovarian Cancer: Phase III Trial (L-MOCA)
Authors: Gao Qinglei , Zhu Jianqing , Zhao Weidong , Huang Yi , An Ruifang , Zheng Hong , Qu Pengpeng , Wang Li , Zhou Qi , Wang Danbo , Lou Ge , Wang Jing , Wang Ke , Low John , Kong Beihua , Rozita Abdul Malik , Sen Lim Chun , Yin Rutie , Xie Xing , Liu Jihong , Sun Wei , Su Jingya , Zhang Chunyi , Zang Rongyu , Ma Ding 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
In patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed (PSR) ovarian cancer, olaparib maintenance monotherapy significantly improves progression-free survival (PFS) versus placebo. However, evidence in the Asian population is lacking. This is the first study to evaluate olaparib efficacy and tolerability exclusively in Asian patients with PSR ovarian cancer.

Patients and Methods:
Considering the limited placebo effect and significant clinical benefit of olaparib in previous trials, and the rapid approval of olaparib in China, this phase III study was designed as an open-label, single-arm trial. Patients with high-grade epithelial PSR ovarian cancer were enrolled from country-wide clinical centers across China and Malaysia. Patients received oral olaparib (300 mg) twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was median PFS (mPFS). Primary analysis of PFS using the Kaplan–Meier method was performed when data reached 60% maturity (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03534453).

Results:
Between 2018 and 2020, 225 patients were enrolled, and 224 received olaparib; 35.7% had received ≥3 lines of chemotherapy, 35.3% had achieved complete response to their last line of platinum-based chemotherapy, and 41.1% had a platinum-free interval ≤12 months. At primary data cut-off (December 25, 2020), overall mPFS was 16.1 months; mPFS was 21.2 and 11.0 months in BRCA-mutated and wild-type BRCA subgroups, respectively. Adverse events (AE) occurred in 99.1% of patients (grade ≥3, 48.7%); 9.4% discontinued therapy due to treatment-related AEs.

Conclusions:
Olaparib maintenance therapy was highly effective and well tolerated in Asian patients with PSR ovarian cancer, regardless of BRCA status. This study highlights the promising efficacy of olaparib in this Asian population.
See related commentary by Nicum and Blagden, p. 2201
Common Polymorphism That Protects From Cardiovascular Disease Increases Fibronectin Processing and Secretion
Authors: Soubeyrand Sébastien , Lau Paulina , Nikpay Majid , Dang Anh-Thu , McPherson Ruth 
Published: February 2022

Background:

Fibronectin (
FN1
) is an essential regulator of homodynamic processes and tissue remodeling that have been proposed to contribute to atherosclerosis. Moreover, recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked common genetic variants within the
FN1
gene to coronary artery disease risk.

Methods:

Public databases were analyzed by 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization. Expression constructs encoding short
FN1
reporter constructs and full-length plasma
FN1
variants were introduced in various cell models. Secreted and cellular levels were then analyzed and quantified by SDS-PAGE and fluorescence microscopy. Mass spectrometry and glycosylation analyses were performed to probe possible posttranscriptional differences.

Results:

Bioinformatic analyses revealed that common coronary artery disease risk single nucleotide polymorphisms in the
FN1
locus associate with circulating levels of FN1 and that higher FN1 (fibronectin 1) protein levels in plasma are linked to lower coronary artery disease risk. The coronary artery disease-associated
FN1
locus encompasses a common polymorphism that translates a L15Q variant situated within the FN1 signal peptide. Introduction of FN1 reporter constructs, differing at position 15, revealed differences in secretion, with the FN1 Q15 variant being less well secreted. Moreover, the L15Q polymorphism was found to alter glycosylation in some cell models but not in human plasma.

Conclusions:
In addition to providing novel functional evidence implicating FN1 in cardioprotection, these findings demonstrate that a common variant within a secretion signal peptide regulates protein function.