bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of stagnant slab material in the lower transition zone beneath the Aleutian Trench using teleseismic underside reflections
Authors: Akoto John , Gurrola Harold 
Published: May 2022

SUMMARY
The goal of this project is to investigate the mantle transition zone (TZ) across the Aleutian subduction zone using SdS underside reflections. The Aleutian subduction zone is chosen as our study area because of its significant tectonic activity, coupled with a high-density data set of SdS midpoints, largely obtained from the U.S. Transportable Array. Seismic images were made using the wavefield iterative deconvolution stacking method. Our results are corroborated by comparing them with velocity anomalies observed in the 3-D GyPSuM Earth velocity model. The results of our investigation show that where the subducting Pacific Plate passes through the TZ, the 410 discontinuity is elevated by up to 20 km, and the 660 discontinuity is depressed by up to 40 km. We interpret the variations in the depth to the boundaries of the TZ in terms of Clapeyron slope of the olivine phase changes hypothesized to be responsible for these discontinuities. In this model, the 410 discontinuity is caused by a phase change of olivine to wadsleyite and has a positive Clapeyron slope, while the 660 discontinuity (phase change) represents a phase change of ringwoodite to perovskite and ferropericlase, and has a negative Clapeyron slope. Also, in the TZ, the 520 discontinuity (a phase change from wadsleyite to ringwoodite) occurs over a 30 km interval, resulting in a boundary that is too gradational to be observed globally in seismic imaging. However, in this study, the 520 is observed in regions close to the cold subducting slab in the Aleutian trench. We suggest this observation is a result of mantle chilling of the lower half of the TZ where the cold subducting Pacific slab does not penetrate the 660 km discontinuity, thereby cooling the mantle beneath the 520. This chilling of the mantle appears to sharpen the velocity contrast at the 520 depth. Finally, we infer that the Pacific slab pools atop the 660 discontinuity and undergoes dehydration that contributes to the observed deepening of the 660.
Real-time surgical tool detection in computer-aided surgery based on enhanced feature-fusion convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Kaidi , Zhao Zijian , Shi Pan , Li Feng , Song He 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Surgical tool detection is a key technology in computer-assisted surgery, and can help surgeons to obtain more comprehensive visual information. Currently, a data shortage problem still exists in surgical tool detection. In addition, some surgical tool detection methods may not strike a good balance between detection accuracy and speed. Given the above problems, in this study a new Cholec80-tool6 dataset was manually annotated, which provided a better validation platform for surgical tool detection methods. We propose an enhanced feature-fusion network (EFFNet) for real-time surgical tool detection. FENet20 is the backbone of the network and performs feature extraction more effectively. EFFNet is the feature-fusion part and performs two rounds of feature fusion to enhance the utilization of low-level and high-level feature information. The latter part of the network contains the weight fusion and predictor responsible for the output of the prediction results. The performance of the proposed method was tested using the ATLAS Dione and Cholec80-tool6 datasets, yielding mean average precision values of 97.0% and 95.0% with 21.6 frames per second, respectively. Its speed met the real-time standard and its accuracy outperformed that of other detection methods.
Q-compensated viscoelastic reverse time migration in crosswell seismic imaging
Authors: Pan Yue , He Xiao , Yang Jixin , Wang Xiuming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Viscoelastic reverse time migration (RTM) is a practical approach to compensats for attenuation effects in migration, commonly studied in surface seismic research. Compared with conventional surface seismic imaging, the sources and receivers of crosswell seismic imaging are distributed in different wells with higher main frequencies and lower surface noises. The finer structures can be imaged. In this paper, we apply attenuation compensated RTM in crosswell migration to improve the resolution of images in attenuation regions. We solve the viscoelastic equations using the constant Q model because of its advantage of decoupling the amplitude and phase. The fractional-order amplitude and phase Laplacian operators are used. By spectral ration techniques, we observe the relationship between attenuation and frequency in crosswell seismic imaging. We describe the alignment and muting of direct P- and S-waves from full waves in detail. Synthetic examples demonstrate that Q-RTM images the geological structure more clearly than the traditional RTM. We reveal that compensated images describe the three-layer model, tilted fractures and randomly distributed caves more accurately. As the tilted angles increase, only two end points of the tilted fracture can be identified by conventional RTM, the boundary is blurred. We find that caves far from the source well can barely be imaged. By comparison, the compensated RTM approach obtains precise migration results of tilted fractures with arbitrary dip angles and caves. Finally, to approximate the real measurement data, noise is added to the viscoelastic data of the five-layer model. The effective noise immunity in crosswell seismic applications is verified.
Collisional excitation of isotopologues of carbon monoxide by molecular hydrogen
Authors: Dagdigian Paul J 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTRate coefficients for transitions between the 14 lowest rotational levels, having energies less than 500 K, of the most abundant isotopologue of carbon monoxide,12C16O, caused by collisions with para-H2 and ortho-H2 are reported for temperatures between 5 and 400 K. These data were computed through time-independent close-coupled scattering calculations employing the high-quality potential energy surface (PES) recently calculated by Faure et al. Rate coefficients for collision-induced transitions are required for radiative transfer modelling of molecules present in interstellar clouds under non-equilibrium conditions. In addition, rate coefficients were computed for other carbon monoxide isotopologues, 13C16O, 12C17O, and 12C18O. The PESs for these systems were obtained by transforming the PES for 12C16O–H2 PES. The rotational transitions of 12C17O isotopologue often display resolved hyperfine structure in astronomical spectra. Rate coefficients for collision-induced transitions between the rotational–hyperfine levels of this isotopologue have been computed by the recoupling technique. A simple radiative transfer calculation was performed to illustrate the utility of using such an approach to relate observed intensities in astronomical spectra with molecular abundances.
Hexokinase 2 is a transcriptional target and a positive modulator of AHR signalling
Authors: Watzky Manon , Huard Solène , Juricek Ludmila , Dairou Julien , Chauvet Caroline , Coumoul Xavier , Letessier Anne , Miotto Benoit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) regulates the expression of numerous genes in response to activation by agonists including xenobiotics. Although it is well appreciated that environmental signals and cell intrinsic features may modulate this transcriptional response, how it is mechanistically achieved remains poorly understood. We show that hexokinase 2 (HK2) a metabolic enzyme fuelling cancer cell growth, is a transcriptional target of AHR as well as a modulator of its activity. Expression of HK2 is positively regulated by AHR upon exposure to agonists both in human cells and in mice lung tissues. Conversely, over-expression of HK2 regulates the abundance of many proteins involved in the regulation of AHR signalling and these changes are linked with altered AHR expression levels and transcriptional activity. HK2 expression also shows a negative correlation with AHR promoter methylation in tumours, and these tumours with high HK2 expression and low AHR methylation are associated with a worse overall survival in patients. In sum, our study provides novel insights into how AHR signalling is regulated which may help our understanding of the context-specific effects of this pathway and may have implications in cancer.
Evaluation of renal oxygenation by BOLD–MRI in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes and matched controls
Authors: Sørensen Steffen S , Gullaksen Søren , Vernstrøm Liv , Ringgaard Steffen , Laustsen Christoffer , Funck Kristian L , Laugesen Esben , Poulsen Per L 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) accounts for ∼50% of end-stage kidney disease. Renal hypoxia is suggested as a main driver in the pathophysiology underlying chronic DKD. Blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) has made noninvasive investigations of renal oxygenation in humans possible. Whether diabetes per se contributes to measurable changes in renal oxygenation by BOLD-MRI remains to be elucidated. We investigated whether renal oxygenation measured with BOLD-MRI differs between people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with normal to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) (Stages 1–3A) and matched controls. The repeatability of the BOLD-MRI method was also assessed.MethodsIn this matched cross-sectional study, 20 people with T2DM (age 69.2 ± 4.7 years, duration of diabetes 10.5 ± 6.7 years, male 55.6%) and 20 matched nondiabetic controls (mean age 68.8 ± 5.4 years, male 55.%) underwent BOLD-MRI analysed with the 12-layer concentric object method (TLCO). To investigate the repeatability, seven in the T2DM group and nine in the control group were scanned twice.ResultsA significant reduction in renal oxygenation from the cortex to medulla was found in both groups (P &lt; .01) but no intergroup difference was detected [0.71/s (95% confidence interval −0.28–1.7), P = .16]. The median intraindividual coefficient of variation (CV) varied from 1.2% to 7.0%.ConclusionT2DM patients with normal to moderate CKD do not seem to have lower renal oxygenation when measured with BOLD-MRI and TLCO. BOLD-MRI has a low intraindividual CV and seems like a reliable method for investigation of renal oxygenation in T2DM.
“Yellow Noise”
Authors: Loeffelholz Mary 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The translation of Emily Dickinson’s manuscript writings into digital formats, beginning in the late twentieth century, sharpened editorial and interpretive questions that were already interesting enough when encountered in high-quality analog reproduction. To move from Ralph Franklin’s edition of the fascicles, The Manuscript Books of Emily Dickinson (1981), to those presented by Martha Nell Smith and her colleagues in the Dickinson Electronic Archive, Versions I and II (1994–present), and by Harvard’s editorial collective of scholars in the Emily Dickinson Archive (2012–present), is to move from print into the world of markup and coding, which make digital surrogates immensely more searchable than analog reproductions. In doing so, markup and coding inevitably bake into digital presentations a host of interpretive decisions about which features of Dickinson’s writing are potentially meaningful or interesting enough to be searched: about which features, in short, constitute information. The process of digital representation has privileged the surviving visual media and features of Dickinson’s writing, in keeping with the powerful visual turn of the twenty-first century screenworld, and diminished Dickinson’s investment in aural forms. This essay investigates Dickinson’s contemporary understanding of aural forms in light of the information sciences and communication technologies emergent in her own lifetime and proposes that Dickinson’s sense of form and information is constitutively intermedial.
Looking Back on Dickinson’s Reception in Japan
Authors: Asahina Midori , Shimomura Nobuko , Takeda Masako 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There are various ways to respond to the world of Dickinson in Japan. First, we look back on translation history, paying special attention to the significance of tone in translation. Here we examine in particular David and Mabel Todd’s scroll of a Dickinson poem, written in Esashi, Hokkaido, in the summer of 1896; poet Jun Takami’s elegant juxtaposition of Dickinson’s poetry with modern art, in the magazine Lady’s Graphic in the 1950s; and poet Masayo Koike’s recent translation reflecting on Japanese classic literature. Second, we witness two influential artists’ responses to Dickinson. Toru Takemitsu (1930–96) composed five musical pieces inspired by her poems; and contemporary poet Gozo Yoshimasu (b. 1939) refers to Dickinson’s poems in his experimental writings. Third, we report on a unique Japanese style of appreciation through koh-do (incense ceremony). As we demonstrate, by continuously stimulating our senses of sight, sound, and smell, Dickinson’s poetry shows its transcultural power in Japan and stimulates experimental and uniquely Japanese responses.
The Letter Not Sent
Authors: Crumbley Paul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay provides a historical overview of fascicle scholarship while demonstrating the possibilities of horizontal reading, one method of fascicle analysis. It shows how lifting poems out of their fascicle context can make Dickinson’s work appear more conventional and palatable to a general American public. Conversely, reading poems with an eye toward their original relationship to other poems in each fascicle allows more complex and fraught meanings to emerge, whereby each poem is in conversation with a range of social, political, aesthetic, and philosophical issues. For example, when “This is my letter to the World” is read horizontally in its relationship to the whole of Fascicle 24, the fascicle in which Dickinson placed it, it can be seen as tangled up with difficult news from the front, questions concerning the ecological implications of war, and Dickinson’s lifelong concern about the role of the poet in periods of historic upheaval. The essay suggests that by putting Dickinson’s work back into the context of the fascicles, her poems appear to jostle against each other, disclosing unresolved tensions concerning Dickinson’s investigation of the poet’s place in the world.
Dickinson Composed
Authors: Cazé Antoine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay looks at how three living composers (Stefano Gervasoni, John Adams, and Édith Canat de Chizy) have set to music poems by Emily Dickinson. After describing Dickinson’s own approach to sounds, showing how she uses them to create a “tune of thinking” that allows her to expand perception into speculation, the essay focuses on the relationships these composers have created between text and music. It suggests that instead of using the expressive model favored by the majority of composers when setting texts to music, they favor structural methods of composition in order to translate Dickinson’s conception of sound. Layering, spaciousness, and movement are identified as musical ways of creating spatial-temporal structures in which the poems’ words become an absent center. While these musical compositions sometimes go so far as to challenge the possibility of understanding the poems, they prolong Dickinson’s structures of sound on a deeper level, enhancing her poetic capacity to think in verse.
Dickinson’s Spinster Poetics
Authors: Kent Kathryn R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay traces two major trajectories in Dickinson criticism focused on sexuality: the lesbian-feminist lineage that underpins a great deal of modern scholarship on the poet and, more recently, queer studies’ understanding of her work. It examines analyses of Dickinson’s life and poetry, including popular-culture representations from memes to the recent film Wild Nights with Emily. Demonstrating what a lesbian/female-female homoerotic critical lens makes possible, this essay puts alongside these readings an account of Dickinson’s “spinster poetics” and the ways some of her poems represent alternative forms of sociality and erotic relation.
“Where congregations ne’er break up”
Authors: Donahue Eberwein Jane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
From baptism to her funeral, Dickinson lived in an environment influenced by the church her family had long supported and guided. Amherst’s First Congregational Church stood as a proud landmark within her town, both when housed in the Third Meeting House near the college and later when her brother guided construction of handsome new buildings within sight of the Homestead. It was in church that she experienced Bible-reading, preaching, and hymns that influenced her use of language. Services frequently provided her with subject matter for letters. So did tasks typically entrusted to women, such as charitable service and support for domestic and foreign missions. Ministers from Aaron Colton and Edward Dwight through Jonathan Jenkins guided the church through and beyond the revivalism of Dickinson’s youth while helping members grapple with public concerns (abolitionism and the Civil War) and internal disciplinary actions—some of them directly affecting Edward and Austin Dickinson. Although never formally a “member” of First Church, the poet remained within its “parish” as her community understood those terms.
“Dragons – in the Crease –”
Authors: Cull Ryan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This essay considers a sequence of poems by Emily Dickinson that challenges a claim forwarded by a number of influential, contemporary lyric theorists, the idea that the dynamics of social recognition define the political work of lyric writing. These poems focus on the “crease” and the “fold,” images that signify the space wherein dramas of social recognition occur, most often with reference to a feature of or action related to clothing or the location of a grave, which in Dickinson’s lexicon is a crease or fold in the ground. She links these two apparently disparate meanings by illustrating how the need to be recognizable within gendered social norms can make existence akin to a death-in-life. But in the most conceptually challenging of these poems, including “I had not minded –Walls –” (M 283, Fr554) and “I tie my Hat – I crease my Shawl –” (M 256, Fr522), Dickinson reflects on how she has learned, with great difficulty, to resist the “Recompense” or “Reward” promised but never fulfilled by economies of social recognition. And in probing the limits of recognition, she begins to open space for alternative models of social relation, alternative adjacencies that demand alternative lyricisms and alternative lyric reading practices.
Climate to COVID, global to local, policies to people: a biopsychosocial ecological framework for syndemic prevention and response in behavioral medicine
Authors: Persad-Clem Reema , Hoerster Katherine D , Romano Evalynn Fae T , Huizar Nancy , Maier Karl J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Land development, pollution, and waste have affected natural environments, contributing to hurricanes, wildfires, and pandemic infectious diseases like COVID-19. Globalized corporate food systems that produce ultra-refined foods with low nutritional value contribute to both environmental conditions and health conditions like obesity and undernutrition. This has the greatest impact on communities already suffering from elevated health risks driven by economic inequities rooted in racism. These interacting environmental, health, and social conditions represent a syndemic. We outline practical suggestions to address this syndemic of environmental degradation, pandemic infectious disease, chronic disease, undernutrition, and inequity through research and practice at many levels, including individual behavior, local communities, and regional, national and global policy. Collaboration with communities is central to simultaneously tackling interconnected human and environmental health threats. For example, community-led groups have increased access to healthy food in response to pandemic conditions. Building on behavioral medicine’s rich foundation of ecological models, communities have partnered with local researchers to address the needs of equitable public transport and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through multilevel research and practice. Policymakers, researchers, practitioners, and community members should collaborate with each other and across disciplines to find lasting, multiduty solutions to improve physical, psychosocial, and planetary health.
Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of a multivitamin mineral herbal essential‐oil‐infused supplement: a pilot clinical trial
Authors: Han Xuesheng , Parker Tory 
Published: May 2022

A complete multivitamin mineral herbal omega 3 supplement infused with essential oils (product name Lifelong Vitality, LLV) has been reported by its users to increase energy levels, decrease pain, strengthen immunity and improve mental focus. This study was designed to quantitatively evaluate these effects through serum biomarkers and qualitatively by survey. Sixteen participants were recruited to take LLV as directed for two months. A blood sample was provided and a survey taken both before and after the 2 month supplementation period. The following were shown to improve significantly (p < 0.05): HDL cholesterol, LDL/HDL ratio, fasting insulin, homocysteine, serum vitamin E, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and arachidonic acid (AA)/EPA ratio. This demonstrated that the LLV had significant positive effects on biochemical indicators for cardiovascular health, antioxidant status, markers of inflammation, and blood sugar regulation. In the 16 ‐ item qualitative survey, after two months of LLV supplementation all results were improved positively; 12 of them were statistically significant. The participants reported more mental clarity, energy, motivation, control, balance, and happiness, while reporting less back pain, muscle pain, colds and flu occurrence, anxiety, frustration and irritation at the end of 2 ‐ month supplementation. These results suggest that the supplement may provide a broad range of health benefits for its users in a short period of time, though a larger study should be conducted to verify.Support or Funding InformationThis study was supported by doTERRA International, LLC, Pleasant Grove, Utah.