bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health care and people with mental health conditions in Ethiopia: the MASC mixed-methods study
Authors: Mihretu Awoke , Fekadu Wubalem , Alemu Azeb Asaminew , Amare Beakal , Assefa Dereje , Misganaw Eleni , Ayele Abebaw , Esleman Ousman , Assefa Zewdu , Alem Atalay , Thornicroft Graham , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching effects on the mental health of populations around the world, but there has been limited focus on the impact on people with existing mental health conditions. The aim of this study was to examine impact of the pandemic on mental health care and people with mental health conditions in Ethiopia.
Methods
A convergent mixed methods study was conducted. We systematically mapped information from publicly available reports on impacts of the pandemic on mental health care. Monthly service utilisation data were obtained for the main psychiatric hospital and analysed using segmented linear regression (2019 vs. 2020). In-depth interviews were conducted with 16 purposively selected key informants. Framework analysis was used for qualitative data. Findings from each data source were integrated.
Results
Despite national level recognition of mental health as a key aspect of pandemic response, this was not translated into action on the ground initially. Mental health-related stigma and discrimination was evident. Scarce mental health service settings were diverted to become COVID-19 treatment centres. Mental health care became narrowly biomedical with poorer quality of care due to infrequent follow-up. Households of people with pre-existing mental health conditions in the community reported worsening poverty and decreased access to care due to restricted movement, decreased availability and fear. Lack of reliable medication supplies increased relapse and the chance of becoming chained at home, abandoned or homeless. Caregiver burden was exacerbated. Within mental health facilities, prisons and residential units, infection control procedures did not adequately safeguard those with mental health conditions. Meanwhile, the needs of people with mental health conditions in COVID-19 quarantine and treatment facilities were systematically neglected. Only late in the day were integrated services developed to address both physical and mental health needs.
Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic had substantial negative impacts on the lives of people with mental health conditions in Ethiopia. Future emergency response should prioritise the human rights, health, social and economic needs of people with mental health conditions. Integration of mental and physical health care would both expand access to care and increase resilience of the mental health system.
Meta-analysis identifies common gut microbiota signatures in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Lin Qingqi , Dorsett Yair , Mirza Ali , Tremlett Helen , Piccio Laura , Longbrake Erin E. , Choileain Siobhan Ni , Hafler David A. , Cox Laura M. , Weiner Howard L. , Yamamura Takashi , Chen Kun , Wu Yufeng , Zhou Yanjiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have identified a large number of distinct microbial taxa that are different between patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls. However, interpretating findings on MS-associated microbiome is challenging as results do not completely concur and studies have included relatively few individuals. To date, it is unclear whether there is a common gut microbial signature in patients with MS across studies. To identity the most common compositional differences of the gut microbiome in MS versus healthy controls, we performed a meta-analysis. This was based on 16S rRNA gene sequences from seven published studies, comprising a total of 524 adult patients with MS and control subjects.ResultsWe found that although alpha and beta diversity did not differ between MS and controls, a lower relative abundance ofPrevotellaand a dysbiosis of numerous genera within theClostridiaclass were reproducibly associated with MS. Additionally, network analysis revealed that the recognized negativeBacteroides-Prevotellacorrelation in controls was disrupted in MS. immunosuppressive agents normalized MS-associated microbiomePrevotellato a similar level as healthy controls.ConclusionsOur meta-analysis revealed reproducible gut microbiome signatures in MS across geographically diverse studies. These findings form the basis for future novel therapeutic approaches and possibly enhanced MS recognition/diagnosis by targeting common microbiome signatures.
Feature Selection in Diabetes Data Using Modified Bmnabc Algorithm for Detection of Diabetes; a Comparison Between Traditional Bmnabc Algorithm
Authors: Pradhan Gaurav , Thapa Gopal , Pradhan Ratika , Khandelwal Bidita 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most significant chronic diseases owing to its prevalence, economic and social consequences, and poor influence on the quality of life of those affected by it. According to World Health Organisation in 1980, there were 108 million diabetics. Worldwide diabetes Mellitus increased to 422 million by 2014. By 2045, diabetes is expected to affect 700 million individuals globally, estimated to the International Diabetes Federation of 2021 [1] In this study, a new metaheuristic algorithm Modified Binary Multi Neighborhood Artificial Bee Colony (MBMNABC) algorithm has been developed for feature selection and compared the results with traditional Binary Multi Neighborhood Artificial Bee Colony (BMNABC) as well as previous research works. The results show that the swarm-based meta-heuristic algorithm Modified Binary Multi Neighborhood Artificial Bee Colony (BMNABC) gives an acceptable result compared of traditional feature selection algorithm. The features selected by the Modified Binary Multi Neighborhood Artificial Bee Colony (MBMNABC) algorithm and Binary Multi Neighborhood Artificial Bee Colony (BMNABC) algorithm has been compared with the features selected by the Expert selection. The proposed method selected relevant features as compared to traditional BMNABC algorithm and provided better results for the detection of diabetes. Five diabetes datasets have been used in this research, where the results each dataset have been compared with previous works. In order to train the datasets, all the five datasets were divided in the ratio of 70:30% split for the training set and test set respectively. Three machine learning algorithms, Rough Set, Random Forest, and Random Committee have been applied for classification. For validation 10-fold cross-validation was performed. The highest accuracy was achieved by Random Forest for both features methods Modified BMNABC algorithm, and traditional BMNABC algorithm respectively.
Acute and Subacute Administration of Bacillus Subtilis UBBS-14 Probiotic Shows No Toxicity in Male and Female Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Negi Ankit , Pasam Tulasi , Dandekar Manoj P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently probiotics have been garnering a lot of attention due to their therapeutic potential in the management of various health ailments. Bacillus subtilis containing probiotics show several health benefits prominently against gastrointestinal tract disorders and diarrhoea. Herein, we examined the toxicity of Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 probiotic following acute and subacute administration in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, as per Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 423 and 407 guidelines, respectively. The acute toxicity of Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 was tested following single 5000 mg/kg (500 billion CFU/kg) administration via oral gavage. No mortality or adverse events were noted till 14 days post-treatment, this indicates that the LD50 of Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 is > 5000 mg/kg after single administration. In subacute study, rats received a daily dosage of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 (containing 10, 50 and 100 billion CFU/kg, respectively) by oral gavage for 28 days. Rats in the recovery group were observed for an additional 14 days during probiotic-free period. No notable changes were seen in the morphology, weight and histopathology of the critical internal organs. The haematological parameters, biochemical parameters, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium), and urine analysis results were within the range and comparable to that with vehicle-treated group. Thus, no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 after 28-day subacute administration was found to be > 1000 mg/kg/day. As the results of acute and subacute treatment with Bacillus subtilis UBBS-14 did not show any adverse effects, this probiotic formulation may be safe for human consumption.
Posterior Cervical Full-endoscopic Technique for the Treatment of Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy with Foraminal Bony Stenosis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shi Meng , Wang Cong , Wang Huihao , Feng Juntao , Zhou Lin , Cai Yuwei , Yu Zhongxiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR), spinal endoscopy has been developed vigorously in the past 30 years. However, its effectiveness and subsequent problem of cervical spine stability have always been the controversial hotspots. This study aims to conduct a retrospective study using posterior cervical full-endoscopic technique for the treatment of CSR with foraminal bony stenosis, and evaluate its clinical effect and application value.
Methods
All 22 patients treated for CSR with foraminal bony stenosis using posterior cervical full-endoscopic technique were involved and retrospectively analyzed. The data collection included operation time, length of stay, wound healing, surgical complications, visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, intervertebral foramen diameter, intervertebral foramen area and cervical instability.
Results
The operation time was 141.6 ± 13.7 minutes. The length of stay was 6.0 ± 2.5 days. VAS and JOA at different time points after operation were decreased compared with before operation (p < 0.05). There were no statistical differences between VAS or JOA at different postoperative time points (p > 0.05). The height, anteroposterior diameter and area of intervertebral foramen after operation were significantly increased compared with before operation (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Posterior cervical full-endoscopic technique shows the advantages of smaller invasion, faster recovery, significant effectiveness and fewer complications in our study. Meanwhile, it has little influence on the ROM and stability of the cervical spine. Therefore, it is a minimally invasive, safe and effective surgical method for the treatment of CSR with foraminal bony stenosis.
Seasonal behaviour of carbon mineralisation kinetics, microbial biomass carbon and enzyme activities in three natural ecosystems of Kaziranga National Park, Assam, North East India
Authors: Borah Palakshi , Gogoi Nirmali , Mahanta Sanjeev P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Soil acts as an important source and sink for atmospheric carbon due to the activities of soil microorganisms. Any change on soil carbon cycle has a greater impact on the concentration of atmospheric carbon. These necessities the importance of soil biological parameters to predict the role of an ecosystem on carbon storage. However, there is dearth of information on seasonal dynamics of soil microbial properties and carbon mineralisation kinetics of semi-evergreen forests of North-east India that occupies about 25% of the countries forest cover. In this study, we collected soils from three natural ecosystems (grassland, forestland and wetland) of the Kaziranga National Park during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon season for two consecutive years. In grassland and forestland ecosystem, soils were collected at two depths (0–15 cm) and (15–30 cm). The collected soils were analysed for soil microbial biomass carbon, extracellular enzyme activities and carbon mineralisation kinetics. The studied soil parameters significantly varied with season and ecosystem. However, this variation decreased with increasing soil depth. Conclusively, our findings documented that soil properties, microbial biomass carbon, extracellular enzyme activities, and carbon mineralisation kinetics significantly differ across the seasons and ecosystems of Kaziranga National Park. Further research is needed to explore the composition and function of soil microbial communities in different ecosystems over the seasons to accentuate our mechanistic comprehension of soil carbon dynamics of the studied ecosystems of Kaziranga National Park under changing climatic scenarios.
Do different endplate region injuries affect the prognosis of post- operative patients with thoracolumbar fractures?
Authors: Yu Qiuyu , Su Lintao , Huang Liangliang , Guo Zhongyi , Han Yaozheng , Ma Jun , Kang Hui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Study design: This was a retrospective cohort study.
Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between the region of endplate injury and long-term transition outcomes in patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures.
Methods: A total of 452 patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures who underwent internal fixation between October 2014 and October 2020 and were examined by preoperative and postoperative CT 3D and MRI were included in this retrospective study. The effect of the region of endplate injury on the transition outcome of patients in terms of long-term spine height, Cobb angle and vertebral morphology was investigated.
Result: In the short term the rate of surgical improvement was greater in TE, with no significant difference between IRE and ORE(p＞0.05). However, both IRE and TE showed significant loss of intervertebral space height and Cobb angle, while the prognostic outcome of ORE was significantly better than that of IRE and TE in the long-term transition (p＜0.05).
Conclusion:Injuries to the inner 1/3 of the endplate are more likely to lead to a poor prognosis in patients with thoracolumbar fractures compared to the outer 2/3. However, more relevant studies are needed to confirm this in the future.
Improving Nutrition through Biofortification - A Systematic Review
Authors: Ofori Kelvin F. ,   Sophia Antoniello2, English Marcia , Aryee Alberta N.A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Food and nutrients are important for human growth and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate food and nutrients has been a challenge. Although hidden hunger is less prevalent in developed countries compared to developing countries, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are common. The 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set to help eradicate malnutrition and hidden hunger. Hidden hunger has led to numerous cases of infant and maternal mortalities, and has greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, and physical working capacity. This has influenced several countries to develop interventions that could help combat malnutrition and hidden hunger. Interventions such as dietary diversification and food supplementation are being adopted. However, fortification mainly biofortification has been projected to be the most sustainable solution to malnutrition and hidden hunger. Plant-based foods (PBFs) form a greater percentage of diets in certain populations hence; fortification of PBFs is relevant in combatting malnutrition and hidden hunger. Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are some currently used strategies in crops. Crops such as cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits have been biofortified through all these three strategies. The transgenic approach is sustainable, efficient, and rapid, making it suitable for biofortification programs. Omics technology has also been introduced to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach.
The efficacy of the postnatal nasogastric tube position as a prognostic marker of left-sided isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Kono Jun , Nagata Kouji , Terui Keita , Amari Shoichiro , Toyoshima Katsuaki , Inamura Noboru , Yamoto Masaya , Okazaki Tadaharu , Yazaki Yuta , Okuyama Hiroomi , Hayakawa Masahiro , Furukawa Taizo , Masumoto Kouji , Yokoi Akiko , Usui Noriaki , Tajiri Tatsuro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose:The prenatal diagnosis of the stomach position in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) has been a reliable prognostic factor, but few studies have focused on the postnatal position. We therefore evaluated the significance of the nasogastric (NG) tube position just after birth.
Methods: The Japanese CDH Study Group database enrolled 1037 CDH neonates over 15 years. In our multicenter retrospective study, 464 cases of left-sided isolated CDH with prenatal diagnoses were divided into 2 groups: NG tube below the diaphragm (BD; n=190) or above the diaphragm (AD; n=274). The primary outcome was the 90-day survival rate, and the secondary outcomes were mechanical ventilation duration, hospitalization duration, and recurrence rate.
Results: The BD group had a significantly higher 90-day survival rate (98.4% vs. 89.4%, p<0.001), shorter mechanical ventilation (11 vs. 19 days, p<0.001), shorter hospitalization (38 vs. 59 days, p<0.001), and lower recurrence rate (p=0.002) than the AD group. A multivariate analysis showed that BD (adjusted odds ratio, 3.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–13.30) was a favorable prognostic factor for the 90-day survival.
Conclusion: The assessment of the NG tube position revealed it to be a reliable prognostic factor of left-sided isolated CDH, therefore, it should be included as a routine assessment.
Prognostic model for older patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after surgery: a SEER population-based analysis
Authors: Tu Biao , Duan Sai-li , Wu Min , Wei Bo , Huang Peng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increased quickly amid the recent decades among the elder group of people age≥65 years. However, there are not sufficient evidence regarding the clinical features and outcome of older patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and outcomes of 5,893 HCC patients older than 65 years from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database.
Results: A nomogram integrated 6 independent prognostic factors was conducted for HCC patients with age≥65 years, the C-index of the nomogram in predicting OS or CSS in elder HCC patients was 0.732 and 0.740. The predicted probability of nomogram is in good agreement with the actual observations as seen in the calibration curves The NRI of the nomogram also indicated better discrimination power than that exhibited by the grade or stage.
Conclusions: The nomogram based on six independent prognostic factors (including age, race, grade, SEER historic stage A, tumor size, and AFP) performed well and can work as useful tool to predict prognosis in HCC patients with age≥65 years old.
Evaluation and Cultivation Method of High-tech Value Patents for Mechanical Products
Authors: He Chuan , Shi Fan , Tan Runhua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Evaluation of high value patents is essential for the enterprise's technical layout and innovative product design. The existing research on the patent value mostly focuses on the discipline of management and information science, which needs the support of a large number of professional statistical information and is difficult to directly reflect the technical value. Since technological innovation is the fundamental means to enhance the sustainable competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, a high-tech value patent evaluation and cultivation method for engineering designers is proposed. Firstly, the indicators for evaluating technical value are summarized based on the induction of patent samples and patent technical features, and the rationality of the evaluation indicators is verifier through empirical study based on improved evidence theory. Secondly, based on principal component analysis and factor analysis, a high-tech value patent evaluation formula and cultivation method is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is applied to identify the high-tech value patents in the cutting machine industry. The proposed method provides a clear guiding direction for the cultivation of high novelty patents and enterprise innovative product design.
Assessing death data quality through skepticism about death data accuracy
Authors: Tak Yae Won , Han Jeong Hyun , Park Yu Jin , Kim Do-Hoon , Oh Ji Seon , Lee Yura 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Death is a crucial measure in electronic medical record (EMR) studies, where it has significance as a criterion for analyzing mortality in the database. This study aimed to assess extracted death data quality and investigate the potential of a final administered medication variable as an indicator to quantify the accuracy of a newly extracted control group’s death data.
Methods
Data were collected through Asan Biomedical Research Environment, which comprised data from both the Asan Medical Center and The Korean Central Cancer Registry. The gold standard was established by examining differences according to death information sources through a chart review. Cosine similarity was employed to quantify the final administered medication similarities between the gold standard and other cohorts using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system code.
Results
The gold standard was determined as patients who died in hospital after 2006, when the final hospital visit/discharge date and death date differed by 0 or 1. For all three criteria, a) Seer Stage, b) cancer type c) type of final visit; as the mortality rate increased, the final administered medication cosine similarity with the golden standard increased.
Conclusion
This study introduced an indicator that can provide additional accurate death information and differentiate reliability. In the future, variables other than EMR could be used to further determine death information quality, in addition to the final administered medication.
Quantum dot nanobeads as multicolor labels for simultaneous multiplex immunochromatography detection of four nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products
Authors: Liu Xiuying , Cheng Yuanyuan , Xia Fei , Fan Ling , Gao Xue , Sun Xiaofei , Li Xuepeng , Zhu Lijie , Li Jianrong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A multicolor immunochromatography assay platform based on quantum dot nanobeads (QBs) for the rapid and simultaneous detection of nitrofuran metabolites in different aquatic products is documented. These metabolites include 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone (AOZ), 1-aminohydantoin (AHD), semicarbazide (SEM), and 3-amino-5-morpholino-methyl-1,3-oxazolidinone (AMOZ). QBs with emission colors of red, yellow, green, and orange were employed and functionalized with the corresponding antibodies to each analyte to develop a multicolor channel. The visual detection limits (cut-off values) of our method for AOZ, AHD, SEM, and AMOZ reached up to 50 ng/mL, which were 2, 20, 20, and 20 times lower than those of traditional colloidal gold test strips, respectively. The test strip is capable of detection within 10 min in real samples while still achieving good stability and specificity. These results demonstrate that the developed multicolor immunochromatography assay platform is a promising technique for multiplex, highly sensitive, and on-site detection of nitrofuran metabolites in aquatic products.