bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of tumor heterogeneity of p-Smad2 and c-Met in HER2-positive gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis
Authors: Tsujio Gen , Maruo Koji , Yamamoto Yurie , Sera Tomohiro , Sugimoto Atsushi , Kasashima Hiroaki , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Ohira Masaichi , Yashiro Masakazu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor heterogeneity has frequently been observed in gastric cancer (GC), but the correlation between patients’ clinico-pathologic features and the tumoral heterogeneity of GC-associated molecules is unclear. We investigated the correlation between lymph node metastasis and the intra-tumoral heterogeneity of driver molecules in GC.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 504 patients who underwent a gastrectomy at the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University and 389 cases drawn from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. We performed a clustering analysis based on eight cancer-associated molecules including HER2, c-Met, and p-Smad2 using the protein expression revealed by our immunohistochemical study of the patients’ and TCGA cases. We determined the correlations between HER2 expression and the other molecules based on the degree of lymph node metastasis.

Results
Immunohistochemical staining data showed that a 43 of the 504 patients with GC (8.5%) were HER2-positive. In the HER2-positive cases, the expressions of c-Met and p-Smad2 were increased in accord with the lymph-node metastatic level. The overall survival of the HER2-positive GC patients with both p-Smad2 and c-Met expression was significantly (p = 0.030) poorer than that of the patients with p-Smad2-negative and/or c-Met-negative expression. The results of the TCGA data analysis revealed that 58 of the 389 GC cases (14.9%) were ERBB2-positive. MET expression was more frequent in the N1 metastasis group than the N0 group. In the high lymph-node metastasis (N2 and N3) group, SMAD2 expression was more frequent, as was ERBB2 and MET expression.

Conclusion
p-Smad2 and c-Met signaling might play important roles in lymph node metastasis in HER2-positive GC.
Investigating the relationship between satisfaction of basic psychological needs, general health, and some background variables in the Iranian older adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: vismoradi ‑Aineh Hassan , Alipour Abbas , Ramezankhani Ali , Shakeri Jalal , Yarmohammadi Soudabeh , Marashi Tayebeh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Promoting the health and mental health (MH) of the older adults making up a large part of the world’s population in the coming years can provide the necessary conditions for their health and well-being of them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (BPNs), general health (GH), and some variables in Iranian older adults.

Methods
The present descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 780 older adults from Sarpol-e Zahab (Kermanshah) in 2019 including the study by multi-stage cluster random sampling. The data collection tool was BPNs satisfaction and GH questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire of individual and background information. Was used for data analysis using the SPSS version 16 program and descriptive statistics and tests Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square test, independent-sample T-test, and multivariate linear regression.

Results
In the present study, participating a total of 780 older adult men aged 73.0 ± 29.32 years. There was a significant relationship between the satisfaction of BPNs and GH (p <  0.001). Also, 41% of the older adults were in poor GH and 30% were high in BPNs. Multiple logistic regression showed that the BPNs, age, income satisfaction, weather, and war zone were strong predictors of GH. the adjusted R2 value of 0.55 shows that the model described 55% of changes in the GH score.

Conclusion
According to the findings of the study on the relationship between the satisfaction of BPNs and GH, providing insurance, social and economic support by developing health policies, creating supportive health environments, strengthening community action, and developing individual skills in the older adults can help improve their MH and that of the community.
BVD seroprevalence in the Irish cattle population as the national BVD programme progresses toward eradication
Authors: Barrett Damien , Clarke AnneMarie , O’Keeffe Kate , Kellegher Padraig , Comerford John , Lane Elizabeth , Byrne Andrew W. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) infection remains endemic in many countries worldwide. Ireland, in common with several other European counties, commenced an BVDV eradication programme in the last decade, Managing eradication programmes requires careful monitoring of diseases prevalence and understanding factors associated with disease exposure to ensure eradication programmes remain evidence based and tailored to the evolving epidemiological situation.

Methods
In this study, we explore the seroprevalence of BVDV exposure over a four-year period (2017 to 2020) in Ireland from a cohort of animals (n = 6,449) under 30 months of age sampled at slaughter, who were born subsequent to the commencement of a compulsory national eradication programme. Temporal trends and risk factor analysis were undertaken using multilevel logit regression models.

Results
There was a declining temporal trend in seroprevalence over the sample years of the study, and risk varied at both county- and herd-levels. The unadjusted marginal animal-level seroprevalence reduced from 9.1% in 2017 (95%; CI: 7.2—10.9) to 3.9% in 2020 (95%; CI: 3.2—4.6). The final model suggested that seropositivity in study cattle was strongly related with the presence of a PI animal in the herd during the year of the animal’s birth, and to a lesser extent the status of the herd from which the animal was slaughtered. The risk of seroconversion increased significantly with increasing size of the herd of slaughter, in females relative to males, and in dairy relative to suckler herds.

Conclusions
This study has shown that the BVDV serostatus of cattle at slaughter is correlated to the BVD infection history of the herd into which the animal was born and the herd from which it was slaughtered. Herd location, increased herd size and dairy production were associated with increased probability of serconversion. These findings will be used to inform the targeting of surveillance strategies once BVDV freedom has been achieved.
ALIMUS—We are feeding! Study protocol of a multi-center, cluster-randomized controlled trial on the effects of a home garden and nutrition counseling intervention to reduce child undernutrition in rural Burkina Faso and Kenya
Authors: Mank Isabel , Sorgho Raissa , Zerbo Fanta , Kagoné Moubassira , Coulibaly Boubacar , Oguso John , Mbata Michael , Khagayi Sammy , Muok Erick M. O. , Sié Ali , Danquah Ina 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Climate change heavily affects child nutritional status in sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultural and dietary diversification are promising tools to balance agricultural yield losses and nutrient deficits in crops. However, rigorous impact evaluation of such adaptation strategies is lacking. This project will determine the potential of an integrated home gardening and nutrition counseling program as one possible climate change adaptation strategy to improve child health in rural Burkina Faso and Kenya.

Methods
Based on careful co-design with stakeholders and beneficiaries, we conduct a multi-center, cluster-randomized controlled trial with 2 × 600 households in North-Western Burkina Faso and in South-Eastern Kenya. We recruit households with children at the age of complementary feed introduction (6–24 months) and with access to water sources. The intervention comprises the bio-diversification of horticultural home gardens and nutritional health counseling, using the 7 Essential Nutrition Action messages by the World Health Organization. After 12-months of follow-up, we will determine the intervention effect on the primary health outcome height-for-age z-score, using multi-level mixed models in an intention-to-treat approach. Secondary outcomes comprise other anthropometric indices, iron and zinc status, dietary behavior, malaria indicators, and household socioeconomic status.

Discussion
This project will establish the potential of a home gardening and nutrition counseling program to counteract climate change-related quantitative and qualitative agricultural losses, thereby improving the nutritional status among young children in rural sub-Saharan Africa.

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00019076. Registered on 27 July 2021.
On a nonlinear elasticity problem with friction and Sobolev spaces with variable exponents
Authors: Boukrouche Mahdi , Merouani Boubakeur , Zoubai Fayrouz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider a nonlinear elasticity problem in a bounded domain, its boundary is decomposed in three parts: lower, upper, and lateral. The displacement of the substance, which is the unknown of the problem, is assumed to satisfy the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions on the upper part, and not homogeneous one on the lateral part, while on the lower part, friction conditions are considered. In addition, the problem is governed by a particular constitutive law of elasticity system with a strongly nonlinear strain tensor. The functional framework leads to using Sobolev spaces with variable exponents. The formulation of the problem leads to a variational inequality, for which we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the associated variational problem.
Causal mechanisms of a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hotta Gisele Harumi , Alaiti Rafael Krasic , Ribeiro Daniel Cury , McQuade Kevin James , de Oliveira Anamaria Siriani 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Causal mediation analysis is one way to bridge this gap by exploring the causal pathways of a given intervention. The aim of this study was to assess whether scapular motion, position, and periscapular muscle strength are mediators for pain and shoulder disability outcomes following a scapular stabilization intervention for patients with subacromial pain syndrome.

Methods
Sixty patients were randomized into two groups: scapular stabilization or periscapular strengthening exercises. The intervention consisted of three sessions per week for 8 weeks. The primary outcome measures were pain and disability and the following outcome measures were considered as potential mediators: scapular motion, scapular position, periscapular muscle strength, age, duration of symptoms, and side of the complaint. A model-based inference approach with bootstrap simulations was used to estimate the average causal mediation effect, average direct effect, and the average total effect from the data of a randomized clinical trial that evaluated the effect of adding scapular stabilization exercises to a scapulothoracic strengthening program in people with subacromial pain syndrome.

Results
The results demonstrated that none of the putative mediators were influenced by the intervention. However, muscle strength of serratus anterior, upper, middle, and lower trapezius muscles was associated with shoulder disability.

Conclusion
Scapular kinematic and periscapular muscle strength did not mediate the effect of scapular stabilization exercises on shoulder pain or disability scores in subjects with subacromial pain syndrome. Muscle strength of serratus anterior, upper, middle and lower trapezius were associated with shoulder disability scores at 8-weeks follow-up.
Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity from various specimens and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Okita Yasutaka , Morita Takayoshi , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA positivity will be important to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA to determine the duration from several parts of the body and clinical characteristics affecting it.

Main text
PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL were searched for original studies reporting the duration from COVID-19 onset to the disappearance of viral RNA. Of the 1682 studies identified, 100 met the selection criteria and 13,431 patients were included in this study. The duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity was 18.29 [95% confidence interval: 17.00–19.89] days in the upper respiratory tract samples, 23.79 [20.43–27.16] days in the sputum, 14.60 [12.16–17.05] days in the blood, and 22.38 [18.40–26.35] days in the stool. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the duration was positively correlated with age, comorbidities, severity, and usage of glucocorticoid. Subgroup analysis indicated that the presence or absence of complications had the greatest impact on the difference in DSRP.

Conclusions
The duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity was 18.29 days in the upper respiratory tract samples. The duration in the sputum and the stool was longer, while that in the blood was shorter. The duration in the upper respiratory tract samples was longer in older, with any comorbidities, severer, and treated with glucocorticoid. These results provide the basic data for the duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity, and in the future, the effect of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and the SARS-CoV-2 variants on the duration of RNA positivity should be assessed.
Gender demographics of departmental seminar speakers reflect gender disparities of faculty hosts
Authors: Hutto Rachel A. , Voelker Lisa , O’Connor Jacob J. , Lin Lucy H. , Mesa Natalia , Rusch Claire 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing access, representation, and retention of underrepresented groups is essential across academia. Invited speaker seminars are common practice in academic science departments and serve to disseminate research, establish connections and collaborations, advance faculty careers, and connect trainees to mentors outside of departmental faculty. Thus, lack of representation among seminar speakers can affect both faculty and trainee professional development. This study characterizes gender demographics of seminar speakers across science departments at an R1 institution for the years 2015–2019, using pronoun usage as a proxy for gender identity. We found that most faculty and invited speakers were male, and few were female or nonbinary. The percentage of female and nonbinary invited speakers increased from 2015–2019 along with the percentage of female and nonbinary host faculty. Overall, male faculty hosted fewer female and nonbinary speakers than their female and nonbinary faculty colleagues. This study provides evidence for a correlation between faculty identity and the scientists they host at their department and motivates further studies investigating this relationship at other R1 institutions and institution types.
Chiral Transcription from Chiral Au Nanowires to Self-Assembled Monolayers of Achiral Azobenzene Derivatives
Authors: Kawasaki Yukie , Nakagawa Makoto , Ito Tomoki , Imura Yoshiro , Wang Ke-Hsuan , Kawai Takeshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chiral transcription from chiral inorganic nanoobjects to achiral organic molecules is a fascinating topic. In this study, chiral transcription was demonstrated using helically controlled Au nanowires (NWs) and achiral azobenzene derivatives with thiol moieties as the terminal group. The azobenzene derivatives mAZonSH can form a self-assembled monolayer on helical Au NWs through thiol-Au bonding. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that mAZonSH in the self-assembled monolayer forms H-aggregates. The self-assembled monolayers on the right- and left-handed Au NWs showed opposing circular dichroism (CD) signals derived from the azobenzene chromophore. This result indicates that chiral transcription from the helical Au NWs to the azobenzene derivatives was successfully accomplished by the self-assembly of achiral mAZonSH. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the CD responses of mAZonSH are independent of the tail (m) and spacer (n) alkyl lengths.
Greater than zero?
Authors: Varjo Mikael 
Published: June 2022

This article focuses on the variation of subject expression in modal constructions of necessity with pitää ‘must, have to’ in Finnish everyday conversations. In spoken Finnish, subjects are typically encoded with both a pronominal and a verbal marker although in principle it is possible to omit the pronominal subject. The modal verbs of necessity, however, are unipersonal which means that the verb does not show agreement with the person of the subject. Omitting the pronominal subject altogether is common in necessity constructions, typically resulting in a so-called zero-person construction which is a type of referentially open personal construction in Finnish. The present article sets out to explore the semantico-grammatical and discourse features of necessity constructions without an overt grammatical subject comparing them with those with a speech act pronoun as their subject. The Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) is employed to model the differences in the characteristics of the two constructions. After an overview of the statistical results, the article goes on to provide a qualitative analysis of the statistically significant differences. The quantitative findings indicate that different types of subject expression are entwined in the semantico-grammatical and discoursive characteristics of the modal constructions of necessity. The qualitative analysis then shows how these differences are reflected in the ways in which they are used as interactional resources.
Kokkuvõte. Mikael Varjo: Enam kui null? Referentsiaalselt erilised ja avatud netsessiivkonstruktsioonid soome argivestlustes. Käesolevas artiklis uuritakse grammatilise subjekti vaheldumist. Võrdlen omavahel soomekeelses argivestluses esinevaid pitää-verbiga moodustatud modaalseid netsessiivkonstruktsioone, mis esinevad kas subjektita või sisaldavad kõneaktis osalevat subjekti positsioonis pronoomenit (pronoomensubjekti). Soome keeles tähistatakse grammatilist subjekti tüüpiliselt nii pronoomeni kui ka pöördelõpuga, kuigi põhimõtteliselt võib subjekti funktsioonis pronoomeni ära jätta. Netsessiivverbid on siiski vaegpöördelised, esinedes ainult ainsuse 3. pöörde vormis, mis tähendab seda, et verb ei ühildu subjektiga. Netsessiivkonstruktsiooni puhul on tavaline pronoomensubjekti täielik ärajätt, mille tulem on nn üldisikuline konstruktsioon (nollapersoonarakenne) – soome keelele omane referentsiaalselt avatud isikut väljendav konstruktsioon. Üldistatud lineaarse segamudeli (GLMM) tulemused näitavad, et subjektivaheldust mõjutavad mitmed semantilis-grammatilised ning ka diskursiivsed tegurid. Tulemused näitavad, et üldisikulistel netsessiivkonstruktsioonidel on selgelt eristatavad sotsiaalset interaktsiooni liigendavad funktsioonid, näiteks (ühine) planeerimine või soovide väljendamine ja kõnesituatsiooni osalejarollide muutmine. Grammatilist subjekti sisaldavad netsessiivkonstruktsioonid aga rõhutavad pigem teo või tegevuse vajalikkust või kohustuslikkust kui selle otsest algatamist.
Lottery Design for School Choice
Authors: Arnosti Nick 
Published: June 2022

This paper studies outcomes of the deferred acceptance algorithm in large random matching markets where priorities are generated either by a single lottery or by independent lotteries. In contrast to prior work, my model permits students to submit lists of varying lengths and schools to vary in their popularity and number of seats. In a limiting regime where the number of students and schools grow while the length of student lists and number of seats at each school remain bounded, I provide exact expressions for the number of students who list l schools and match to one of their top k choices, for each [Formula: see text]. These expressions provide three main insights. First, there is a persistent tradeoff between using a single lottery and independent lotteries. For students who submit short lists, the rank distribution under a single lottery stochastically dominates the corresponding distribution under independent lotteries. However, the students who submit the longest lists are always more likely to match when schools use independent lotteries. Second, I compare the total number of matches in the two lottery systems, and find that the shape of the list length distribution plays a key role. If this distribution has an increasing hazard rate, then independent lotteries match more students. If it has a decreasing hazard rate, the comparison reverses. To my knowledge, this is the first analytical result comparing the size of stable matchings under different priority rules. Finally, I study the fraction of assigned students who receive their first choice. Under independent lotteries, this fraction may be arbitrarily small, even if schools are equally popular. Under a single lottery, we provide a tight lower bound on this fraction which depends on the ratio r of the popularity of the most to least popular school. When each school has a single seat, the fraction of assigned students who receive their first choice is at least [Formula: see text]. This guarantee increases to [Formula: see text] as the number of seats at each school increases. This paper was accepted by Gabriel Weintraub, revenue management and market analytics. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4338 .
Effect of music intervention in colonoscopy-naïve adults: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Brix Lone Dragnes , Pedersen Anne Sofie Bomholt 
Published: June 2022

Background: Previous studies have evaluated music interventions before and during a colonoscopy, but the results are contradictory and inconclusive. Aims: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effect of a music intervention with MusiCure music, both before and during colonoscopy. Methods: The study was a two-armed, prospective, randomised, controlled trial and 337 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included. Patients were allocated to receive relaxing music (MusiCure) before and during the colonoscopy or standard care (no music). Outcome measures included pain intensity, duration of the colonoscopy, consumption of alfentanil and midazolam, vital signs, patient satisfaction and caecal intubation rates (CIR). Findings: Men in the music group had a lower middle arterial blood pressure compared with men in the no music group. The majority of patients in the music group would prefer to listen to music if they need a colonoscopy in the future. No differences were found between groups regarding pain intensity, duration of the colonoscopy, consumption of alfentanil and midazolam, vital signs, patient satisfaction and CIR. Conclusion: The researchers were unable to show an effect on the primary endpoints. However, a high patient satisfaction was found in the music group and a decrease in the blood pressure during the colonoscopy, indicating a reduced stress level. Music before and during a colonoscopy may improve the patient experience.