bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative mood induction effects on problem-solving task in women with eating disorders: a multi-method examination
Authors: French Elan N. , Eneva Kalina , Arlt Jean M. , Yiu Angelina , Chen Eunice Y. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The effects of negative affect on problem-solving and its psychophysiological correlates are poorly understood in eating disorder populations.

Methods
This study examined respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance responses of women with Binge Eating Disorder (BED: n = 56), Anorexia Nervosa (AN: n = 12), Bulimia Nervosa (BN: n = 32), and 24 healthy controls (HCs) at baseline, and then during: a negative mood induction task, an adapted Means Ends Problem-Solving (MEPS) task, and recovery. The MEPS task included four interpersonal scenarios: (1) binge-eating as a solution to stress, (2) job loss, (3) rejection by friends, and (4) by a significant other.

Results
We found that individuals with eating disorders reported less positive mood than HCs and individuals with BN and BED reported more negative mood and greater urges to binge than HCs. After a negative mood induction, women with BED provided significantly less effective problem-solving strategies compared to HCs and women with BN for the binge-eating MEPS scenario. Relative to baseline and the negative mood induction, all participants exhibited significantly higher skin conductance measures throughout the MEPS scenarios and recovery. BED showed significantly lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) levels than individuals with BN and HCs throughout the protocol.

Conclusions
The multimethod findings suggest individuals with BED are likely to have disorder-specific problem-solving difficulties after a negative mood induction.
Factors associated with the improvement of the empathy levels among clinical-year medical students in Southern Thailand: a university-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sathaporn Katti , Pitanupong Jarurin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Empathy is one of the core medical professionalisms that distress, burnout, and lack of personal well-being is also recognized as an important influencer on lower empathy levels. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mental health, burnout, and factors associated with the empathy levels among Thai, clinical-year medical students.

Methods
This cross-sectional study surveyed all fourth-to sixth-year medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, in Thailand; at the end of the 2020 academic year. The questionnaires utilized were: (1) The personal and demographic information questionnaire, (2) The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, (3) Thai Mental Health Indicator-15, and (4) The Maslach Burnout Inventory; Thai version. All data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and factors associated with empathy levels were analyzed via the chi-square test and logistic regressions.

Results
There were 466 participants, with a response rate of 91.5%. The majority were female (56.2%), and reported a below-average level of empathy (57.1%); with a median score (IQR) of 44 (40–48). The gender proportion of a below-average empathy level among male and female participants was 66.3% and 50.4%, respectively. Of the participants, 29.6% had poor mental health, 63.5% and 39.7% reported a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores; even though most of them (96.6%) perceived having a high level of personal accomplishment. Multivariate analysis indicated that females, higher mental health, and a low level of depersonalization were statistically significant protective factors, which improved the empathy levels.

Conclusions
More than half of the clinical-year medical students reported below-average empathy levels. Female gender, better mental health, and a low level of depersonalization were related to the improvement of the empathy levels. Therefore, medical educators should emphasize the importance of focusing supporting students, of all genders and in regards to all stages of medical education, to increase their levels of empathy, to promote individual well-being, and to effectively prevent the phenomenon of student ‘burnout’.
Evaluation of two complementary modeling approaches for fiber-reinforced soft actuators
Authors: Habibian Soheil , Wheatley Benjamin B. , Bae Suehye , Shin Joon , Buffinton Keith W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough robots are increasingly found in a wide range of applications, their use in proximity to humans is still fraught with challenges, primarily due to safety concerns. Roboticists have been seeking to address this situation in recent years through the use of soft robots. Unfortunately, identifying appropriate models for the complete analysis and investigation of soft robots for design and control purposes can be problematic. This paper seeks to address this challenge by proposing two complementary modeling techniques for a particular type of soft robotic actuator known as a Fiber-Reinforced Elastomeric Enclosure (FREE). We propose that researchers can leverage multiple models to fill gaps in the understanding of the behavior of soft robots. We present and evaluate both a dynamic, lumped-parameter model and a finite element model to extend understanding of the practicability of FREEs in soft robotic applications. The results of experimental simulations using a lumped-parameter model show that at low pressures FREE winding angle and radius change no more than$$2\%$$2%. This observation provided confidence that a linearized, dynamic, lumped-mass model could be successfully used for FREE controller development. Results with the lumped-parameter model demonstrate that it predicts the actual rotational motion of a FREE with at most$$4\%$$4%error when a closed-loop controller is embedded in the system. Additionally, finite element analysis was used to study FREE design parameters as well as the workspace achieved with a module comprised of multiple FREEs. Our finite element results indicate that variations in the material properties of the elastic enclosure of a FREE are more significant than variations in fiber properties (primarily because the fibers are essentially inextensible in comparison to the elastic enclosure). Our finite element analysis confirms the results obtained by previous researchers for the impact of variations in winding angle on FREE rotation, and we extend these results to include an analysis of the effect of winding angle on FREE force and moment generation. Finally, finite element results show that a$$30^{\circ }$$30∘difference in winding angle dramatically alters the shape of the workspace generated by four FREEs assembled into a module. Concludingly, comments are made about the relative advantages and limitations of lumped-parameter and finite element models of FREEs and FREE modules in providing useful insights into their behavior.
A mixed-methods approach to understanding the perspectives, experiences, and attitudes of a culturally tailored cognitive behavioral therapy/motivational interviewing intervention for African American patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized parallel design pilot study
Authors: Cornely Ronald M. , Subramanya Vinita , Owen Ashley , McGee Robin E. , Kulshreshtha Ambar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
African American (AA) adults are 60% more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and experience more complications than non-Hispanic White adults. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has shown to be an effective modality for helping patients improve health behaviors and regulate emotional states. Motivational interviewing (MI) addresses participant engagement and motivation. Therefore, MI was combined with CBT as an approach to the process of learning using CBT skills to promote healthy lifestyle choices. We aimed to assess the effects of a culturally tailored CBT/MI intervention on glycemic control in AA participants and understand their perspectives, attitudes, and experiences while participating in this intervention.

Methods
Using a randomized, parallel design pilot study (web-based group vs in-person group), 20 participants aged ≥ 18 years, identifying as AA and having a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) > 8%, were recruited. A CBT/MI intervention was administered in six sessions over 3 months. Participants completed baseline and follow-up assessments on measures for diabetes control (HbA1c), self-efficacy, generalized anxiety, depression, perceived stress, health-related quality of life, and cognitive ability. Post-CBT/MI intervention focus groups were conducted to determine patient perspectives regarding the intervention.

Results
Fourteen participants completed the study, their mean HbA1c improved from 10.0 to 8.9% (t(26) = 0.5, p-value = 0.06). The Diabetes Distress Scale demonstrated decreased distress overall (t(26) = 2.6; p-value = 0.02). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale demonstrated decreased generalized anxiety for all participants (t(26) = 2.2; p = 0.04). Themes identified in focus groups included (1) intervention group social support through information sharing, (2) mental health and personal identities in diabetes understanding and management, and (3) receptivity to CBT/MI intervention positively impacts self-efficacy through improved health literacy.

Conclusion
This group-based, culturally tailored CBT/MI intervention for type 2 DM care was positively received by AA participants and helped improve diabetes control, as demonstrated by the change in HbA1c. There were additional benefits of social support through group interactions and a stronger sense of self-efficacy due to health education. A comprehensive treatment plan using a CBT/MI intervention may be useful in promoting healthy diabetes self-management.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03562767. Registered on 19 June 2018
Enhancing the contribution of urban living labs to sustainability transformations: towards a meta-lab approach
Authors: Scholl Christian , de Kraker Joop , Dijk Marc 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe contribution of the first generation of urban living labs (ULLs) to system-wide sustainability transformations is thus far less than expected. A possible explanation for this can be found in the focus of most ULLs on local, highly contextualized knowledge, and a missing link to system-wide transformations through diffusion and upscaling beyond the geographic boundaries of the lab. Meta-learning, i.e., learning across multiple, distributed experiments, through networked ULLs seems to offer a way forward. However, the literature on city networks shows that meta-learning cannot be effectively facilitated in horizontal networks without a learning infrastructure. To address this shortcoming and inspire a second generation of ULLs, this Perspective paper outlines a meta-lab approach actively facilitating the contribution of local living labs to wider sustainability transformations. We see a meta-lab as a transurban multi-actor network to connect and, where possible, align the learning processes across thematically related ULLs in different urban contexts through a central learning agenda. The meta-lab approach respects and supports local learning agendas and their focus on local solutions for local problems, while acknowledging and utilizing the potential of local experiments to contribute to a central learning agenda. Our paper argues that a meta-lab approach can act as a catalyst of learning in two important ways: (1) by accelerating local experimentation and learning processes by feeding them with lessons from other locations; and (2) by facilitating a more focused – local and transurban – learning process through a shared learning agenda. The meta-lab approach thus stimulates urban sustainability transformations by supporting faster, more focused and wider learning about effective innovations. We conclude this paper by outlining how common pitfalls in transurban learning can be avoided by a careful design of the meta-lab, or by meeting certain conditions when implementing this design.
Takayasu arteritis with congestive heart failure in 26-year-old male: a case report
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Wulandari Pipiet , Ariyanti Dwi , Maulana Aditha Satria , Sembodo R. Handi , Junior Narendra Wahyu , Saputra Antonius Dwi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is included in large vessel vasculitis with unknown aetiopathogenesis. TA is one of the rare diseases with a predilection for young women. The diagnosis of TA is difficult due to variation in clinical presentations and non-specific initial symptoms. This case demonstrates rare TA in a young male with congestive heart failure as the predominant manifestation.

Case presentation
We report a 26-year-old male presented with severe dyspnea, palpitation, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and claudication in the left arm. Four limbs blood pressure discrepancy was present. Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly with calcification aortic arch and pulmonary edema. Echocardiography revealed that left ventricular ejection fraction decreased with severe aortic and mitral valve regurgitation. Computed tomography angiography showed stenosis of the left common carotid artery and total occlusion of the left subclavian artery with collateral artery. There was vascular thickness and calcification from the peri-aortic valve, ascending aorta, aortic arch, and thoracic descending aorta until abdominal aorta with high-grade stenosis on the inferior side of the renal artery branching accompanied by a post-stenotic dilatation.

Conclusions
This patient’s heart failure was precipitated by secondary hypertension and aortic regurgitation caused by vasculitis of TA. In general, there is no difference in the management of congestive heart failure in patients with TA. Optimized pharmacology therapy with combination steroid and methotrexate successfully inducing remission of TA after 3-months follow-up.
Probabilistic analysis of climate change impact on chloride-induced deterioration of reinforced concrete considering Nordic climate
Authors: Nasr Amro , Honfi Dániel , Larsson Ivanov Oskar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe impact of climate change on the deterioration of reinforced concrete elements have been frequently highlighted as worthy of investigation. This article addresses this important issue by presenting a time-variant reliability analysis to assess the effect of climate change on four limit states; the probabilities of corrosion initiation, crack initiation, severe cracking, and failure of a simply supported beam built in 2020 and exposed to chloride-induced corrosion. The historical and future climate conditions (as projected by three different emission scenarios) for different climate zones in Sweden are considered, including subarctic conditions where the impact of climate change may lead to large increases in temperature. The probabilities of all limit states are found to be: 1) higher for scenarios with higher GHG emissions and 2) higher for southern than for northern climate zones. However, the end-of-century impact of climate change on the probabilities of reaching the different limit states is found to be higher for northern than for southern climate zones. At 2100, the impact of climate change on the probability of failure can reach up to an increase of 123% for the northernmost zone. It is also noted that the end-of-century impact on the probability of failure is significantly higher (ranging from 3.5–4.9 times higher) than on the other limit states in all climate scenarios.
Diastolic Pressure and ACR Are Modifiable Risk Factors of Arterial Stiffness in T2DM Without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Leto Gateano , Tartaglione Lida , Rotondi Silverio , Pasquali Marzia , Maddaloni Ernesto , Mignogna Carmen , D’Onofrio Luca , Zampetti Simona , Carlone Angela , Muci Maria Luisa , Mastroluca Daniela , Fassino Valeria , Buzzetti Raffaella , Mazzaferro Sandro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate early, before the onset of cardiovascular events and of chronic renal insufficiency, the association between chronic kidney disease (CKD)-mineral bone disorder (MBD) biomarkers and vascular stiffness [Cardio Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI)] in the course of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).MethodWe evaluated 174 T2DM patients [median age 56 years; male/female (M/F) 100/74] with diabetes duration &lt; 10 years and without decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or macrovascular complications. Thirty-four age-matched healthy subjects [M/F 13/21; age 53.5 (50.0-57.7) years; eGFR 107.5 (97.0-119.7) mL/ min1.73 m2] served as local reference control for CAVI (pathological: ≥8) and the novel CKD-MBD biomarkers.ResultsAlbumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) averaged 8.5 mg/g (5.6-17.2) with 12.6% of the patients showing pathologic values, indicative of incipient diabetic nephropathy. Serum parathyroid hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23, and sclerostin were higher while 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and Klotho were lower than a control group. CAVI was normal (&lt;8) in only 54% and correlated positively with age (P &lt; 0.001), hemoglobin 1A1c (P = 0.036), and systolic (P = 0.021) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.001) and negatively correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (P = 0.046). In multivariate analysis, age, DBP, ACR, and serum Klotho were independent positive predictors of CAVI.ConclusionIn the absence of overt cardiovascular disease and of chronic renal insufficiency, CAVI is frequently pathologic in T2DM. DBP and ACR are modifiable risk factors of vascular stiffness in T2DM, thus warranting optimal assessment.
NRF2 Serves a Critical Role in Regulation of Immune Checkpoint Proteins (ICPs) During Trophoblast Differentiation
Authors: Hong Kyunghee , Muralimanoharan Sribalasubashini , Kwak Youn-Tae , Mendelson Carole R 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUsing cultured human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs), mid-gestation human trophoblasts in primary culture, and gene-targeted mice, we tested the hypothesis that the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (SynT) serves a critical role in pregnancy maintenance through production of key immune modulators/checkpoint proteins (ICPs) under control of the O2-regulated transcription factor, NRF2/NFE2L2. These ICPs potentially act at the maternal-fetal interface to protect the hemiallogeneic fetus from rejection by the maternal immune system. Using cultured hTSCs, we observed that several ICPs involved in the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance were markedly upregulated during differentiation of cytotrophoblasts (CytTs) to SynT. These included HMOX1, kynurenine receptor, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, PD-L1, and GDF15. Intriguingly, NRF2, C/EBPβ, and PPARγ were markedly induced when CytTs fused to form SynT in a 20% O2 environment. Notably, when hTSCs were cultured in a hypoxic (2% O2) environment, SynT fusion and the differentiation-associated induction of NRF2, C/EBPβ, aromatase (CYP19A1; SynT differentiation marker), and ICPs were blocked. NRF2 knockdown also prevented induction of aromatase, C/EBPβ and the previously mentioned ICPs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative PCR revealed that temporal induction of the ICPs in hTSCs and mid-gestation human trophoblasts cultured in 20% O2 was associated with increased binding of endogenous NRF2 to putative response elements within their promoters. Moreover, placentas of 12.5 days postcoitum mice with a global Nrf2 knockout manifested decreased mRNA expression of C/ebpβ, Pparγ, Hmox1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and Nqo1, another direct downstream target of Nrf2, compared with wild-type mice. Collectively, these compelling findings suggest that O2-regulated NRF2 serves as a key regulator of ICP expression during SynT differentiation.
The β-Hydroxybutyrate-GPR109A Receptor Regulates Fasting-induced Plasticity in the Mouse Adrenal Medulla
Authors: Gupta Rajesh , Wang Manqi , Ma Yunbing , Offermanns Stefan , Whim Matthew D 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
During fasting, increased sympathoadrenal activity leads to epinephrine release and multiple forms of plasticity within the adrenal medulla including an increase in the strength of the preganglionic → chromaffin cell synapse and elevated levels of agouti-related peptide (AgRP), a peptidergic cotransmitter in chromaffin cells. Although these changes contribute to the sympathetic response, how fasting evokes this plasticity is not known. Here we report these effects involve activation of GPR109A (HCAR2). The endogenous agonist of this G protein–coupled receptor is β-hydroxybutyrate, a ketone body whose levels rise during fasting. In wild-type animals, 24-hour fasting increased AgRP-ir in adrenal chromaffin cells but this effect was absent in GPR109A knockout mice. GPR109A agonists increased AgRP-ir in isolated chromaffin cells through a GPR109A- and pertussis toxin–sensitive pathway. Incubation of adrenal slices in nicotinic acid, a GPR109A agonist, mimicked the fasting-induced increase in the strength of the preganglionic → chromaffin cell synapse. Finally, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiments confirmed the mouse adrenal medulla contains GPR109A messenger RNA. These results are consistent with the activation of a GPR109A signaling pathway located within the adrenal gland. Because fasting evokes epinephrine release, which stimulates lipolysis and the production of β-hydroxybutyrate, our results indicate that chromaffin cells are components of an autonomic-adipose-hepatic feedback circuit. Coupling a change in adrenal physiology to a metabolite whose levels rise during fasting is presumably an efficient way to coordinate the homeostatic response to food deprivation.
Bird diversity in three Ficus species in the Kuningan Lowland Forest, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: HENDRAYANA YAYAN , SUDIANA EMING , ADHYA ILHAM , ISMAIL AGUS YADI 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Hendrayana Y, Sudiana E, Adhya I, Ismail AY. 2022. Bird diversity in three Ficus species in the Kuningan Lowland Forest, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2255-2261. Frugivorous birds are an important group in tropical forests, as they promote a wide diversity of plant species and animal communities via tree seed dispersal. The presence of these avifauna depends on food, such as fruits provided by Ficus spp. This study examined the diversity of birds in three species of fruiting Ficus trees located in a secondary, natural lowland forest in Mount Tilu, Kuningan, West Java, Indonesia. Bird numbers in Ficus benjamina L., Ficus sinuata Thunb., and Ficus kurzii King were determined using the concentration count method. The data were analyzed using the Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H?), evenness index (E), and dominance index (Simpson’s D). The results showed diversity index values of H´ = 2.255, E = 0.353, and D = 0.8342 for F. benjamina; H? = 2.305, E = 0.5014, and D = 0.8376 for F. sinuata; and H? = 2.305, E = 0.5014, and D = 0.8694 for F. kurzii. The bird species with the highest number of individuals was Pycnonotus simplex Lesson, 1839 (378 individuals, 20.8%), followed by Megalaima australis (Horsfield, 1821) (320, 17.7%), Pericrocotus flammeus (J.R.Forster, 1781) (203, 11.2%), Dicaeum trigonostigma (Scopoli, 1786) (116, 6.4%) and Pycnonotus melanicterus (Gmelin, 1789) (109, 6,01%). By (Horsfield, 1821) knowing the important role of ficus trees as a source of food for various species of birds, this information becomes important and can be used by forest managers to support biodiversity conservation, especially bird conservation.