bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A predictive algorithm for identifying children with sickle cell anemia among children admitted to hospital with severe anemia in Africa
Authors: Olupot‐Olupot Peter , Connon Roisin , Kiguli Sarah , Opoka Robert O. , Alaroker Florence , Uyoga Sophie , Nakuya Margret , Okiror William , Nteziyaremye Julius , Ssenyondo Tonny , Nabawanuka Eva , Kayaga Juliana , Williams Mukisa Cynthia , Amorut Denis , Muhindo Rita , Frost Gary , Walsh Kevin , Macharia Alexander W. , Gibb Diana M. , Walker A. Sarah , George Elizabeth C. , Maitland Kathryn , Williams Thomas N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSickle cell anemia (SCA) is common in sub‐Saharan Africa where approximately 1% of births are affected. Severe anemia is a common cause for hospital admission within the region yet few studies have investigated the contribution made by SCA. The Transfusion and Treatment of severe anemia in African Children Trial (ISRCTN84086586) investigated various treatment strategies in 3983 children admitted with severe anemia (hemoglobin < 6.0 g/dl) based on two severity strata to four hospitals in Africa (three Uganda and one Malawi). Children with known‐SCA were excluded from the uncomplicated stratum and capped at 25% in the complicated stratum. All participants were genotyped for SCA at trial completion. SCA was rare in Malawi (six patients overall), so here we focus on the participants recruited in Uganda. We present baseline characteristics by SCA status and propose an algorithm for identifying children with unknown‐SCA. Overall, 430 (12%) and 608 (17%) of the 3483 Ugandan participants had known‐ or unknown‐SCA, respectively. Children with SCA were less likely to be malaria‐positive and more likely to have an affected sibling, have gross splenomegaly, or to have received a previous blood transfusion. Most outcomes, including mortality and readmission, were better in children with either known or unknown‐SCA than non‐SCA children. A simple algorithm based on seven admission criteria detected 73% of all children with unknown‐SCA with a number needed to test to identify one new SCA case of only two. Our proposed algorithm offers an efficient and cost‐effective approach to identifying children with unknown‐SCA among all children admitted with severe anemia to African hospitals where screening is not widely available.
Clinical relevance of impaired consciousness in accidental hypothermia: a Japanese multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Fukuda Masahiro , Nozawa Masahiro , Okada Yohei , Morita Sachiko , Ehara Naoki , Miyamae Nobuhiro , Jo Takaaki , Sumida Yasuyuki , Okada Nobunaga , Watanabe Makoto , Tsuruoka Ayumu , Fujimoto Yoshihiro , Okumura Yoshiki , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Matsuyama Tasuku 
Published: February 2022

AimThis study aimed to investigate the association between level of impaired consciousness and severe hypothermia (<28°C) and to evaluate the association between level of impaired consciousness and inhospital mortality among accidental hypothermia patients.MethodsThis was a multicenter retrospective study using the J‐Point registry database, which includes data regarding patients whose core body temperature was 35.0°C or less and who were treated as accidental hypothermia in emergency departments between April 1, 2011 and March 31, 2016. We estimated adjusted odds ratios of the level of impaired consciousness for severe hypothermia less than 28°C and inhospital mortality using a logistic regression model.ResultsThe study included 505 of 572 patients in the J‐Point registry. Relative to mildly impaired consciousness (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] 13–15), the adjusted odds ratios for severe hypothermia less than 28°C were: moderate (GCS 9–12), 3.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.69–6.25); and severe (GCS < 9), 4.68 (95% CI, 2.40–9.14). Relative to mildly impaired consciousness (GCS 13–15), the adjusted odds ratios for inhospital mortality were: moderate (GCS9–12), 1.65 (95% CI, 0.95–2.88); and severe (GCS < 9), 2.10 (95% CI, 1.17–3.78).ConclusionThe level of impaired consciousness in patients with accidental hypothermia was associated with severe hypothermia and inhospital mortality.
Magnetic Field Dependent Kondo Transport through Double Quantum Dots System
Authors: Cheng YongXi , Li ZhenHua , Zheng Xiao , Wei JianHua , Luo Hong‐Gang , Lin Hai‐Qing , Yan YiJing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Kondo transport associated with the magnetic field in parallel‐coupled double quantum dots (PDQDs) is theoretically investigated using the hierarchical‐equation‐of‐motion approach (HEOM). In this system, the interdot tunneling induces an effective antiferromagnetic interaction; thus, its ground state is an orbital singlet associated with approximately zero differential conductance. When an appropriate large magnetic field is applied, the two spins of the two dots have a possibility with a parallel arrangement, and thus the singlet and one of the triplets are degenerated. At the degenerate point, a distinct zero‐energy resonance peak appears, associated with significant differential conductance. The Kondo scale behavior at the degenerate point and the total and spin resolved spectral functions around the degenerate point are examined. The results confirm the spin‐1/2 Kondo resonance near the singlet‐triplet transition point. The differential conductance phase diagram, as well as thermoelectric transport, is also quantitatively presented.
Intermolecular Photocatalytic Chemo‐, Stereo‐ and Regioselective Thiol–Yne–Ene Coupling Reaction
Authors: Burykina Julia V. , Kobelev Andrey D. , Shlapakov Nikita S. , Kostyukovich Alexander Yu. , Fakhrutdinov Artem N. , König Burkhard , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe first example of an intermolecular thiol–yne–ene coupling reaction is reported for the one‐pot construction of C−S and C−C bonds. Thiol–yne–ene coupling opens a new dimension in building molecular complexity to access densely functionalized products. The employment of Eosin Y/DBU/MeOH photocatalytic system suppresses hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and associative reductant upconversion (via C−S three‐electron σ‐bond formation). Investigation of the reaction mechanism by combining online ESI‐UHRMS, EPR spectroscopy, isotope labeling, determination of quantum yield, cyclic voltammetry, Stern–Volmer measurements and computational modeling revealed a unique photoredox cycle with four radical‐involving stages. As a result, previously unavailable products of the thiol–yne–ene reaction were obtained in good yields with high selectivity. They can serve as stable precursors for synthesizing synthetically demanding activated 1,3‐dienes.
Predicting the Solubility of Inorganic Ion Pairs in Water
Authors: Rahman Tasnim , Petrus Enric , Segado Mireia , Martin Nicolas P. , Palys Lauren N. , Rambaran Mark A. , Ohlin C. Andre , Bo Carles , Nyman May 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs), ranging in size from 1 to 10’s of nanometers, resemble building blocks of inorganic materials. Elucidating their complex solubility behavior with alkali‐counterions can inform natural and synthetic aqueous processes. In the study of POMs ([Nb24O72H9]15−, Nb24) we discovered an unusual solubility trend (termed anomalous solubility) of alkali‐POMs, in which Nb24 is most soluble with the smallest (Li+) and largest (Rb/Cs+) alkalis, and least soluble with Na/K+. Via computation, we define a descriptor (σ‐profile) and use an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict all three described alkali‐anion solubility trends: amphoteric, normal (Li+>Na+>K+>Rb+>Cs+), and anomalous (Cs+>Rb+>K+>Na+>Li+). Testing predicted amphoteric solubility affirmed the accuracy of the descriptor, provided solution‐phase snapshots of alkali–POM interactions, yielded a new POM formulated [Ti6Nb14O54]14−, and provides guidelines to exploit alkali–POM interactions for new POMs discovery.
Electrochemical Cage Activation of Carboranes
Authors: Yang Long , Zhang Zi‐Jing , Bongsuiru Jei Becky , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCarboranes are boron–carbon molecular clusters that possess unique properties, such as their icosahedron geometry, high boron content, and delocalized three‐dimensional aromaticity. These features render carboranes valuable building blocks for applications in supramolecular design, nanomaterials, optoelectronics, organometallic coordination chemistry, and as boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) agents. Despite tremendous progress in this field, stoichiometric chemical redox reagents are largely required for the oxidative activation of carborane cages. In this context, electrosyntheses represent an alternative strategy for more sustainable molecular syntheses. It is only in recent few years that considerable progress has been made in electrochemical cage functionalization of carboranes, which are summarized in this Minireview. We anticipate that electrocatalysis will serve as an increasingly powerful stimulus within the current renaissance of carborane electrochemistry.
A study of visually linked keywords to support exploratory browsing in academic search
Authors: Hoeber Orland , Shukla Soumya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhile the search interfaces used by common academic digital libraries provide easy access to a wealth of peer‐reviewed literature, their interfaces provide little support for exploratory browsing. When faced with a complex search task (such as one that requires knowledge discovery), exploratory browsing is an important first step in an exploratory search process. To more effectively support exploratory browsing, we have designed and implemented a novel academic digital library search interface (KLink Search) with two new features: visually linked keywords and an interactive workspace. To study the potential value of these features, we have conducted a controlled laboratory study with 32 participants, comparing KLink Search to a baseline digital library search interface modeled after that used by IEEE Xplore. Based on subjective opinions, objective performance, and behavioral data, we show the value of adding lightweight visual and interactive features to academic digital library search interfaces to support exploratory browsing.
The impact of health‐policy‐driven subsidisation of prostate magnetic resonance imaging on transperineal prostate biopsy practice and outcomes
Authors: Wei Gavin , Reeves Fairleigh , Perera Marlon , Kelly Brian D. , Esler Stephen , Bolton Damien , Jack Greg 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundFrom 1 July 2018, the Australian Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) introduced rebates for multi‐parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for the workup for prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to determine if subsidisation of mpMRI prior to transperineal biopsy altered our institution's prostate biopsy practice patterns and outcomes.MethodsAll patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy at an Australian tertiary institution from 1 January 2017 to 1 January 2020 were identified. Patients with known PCa were excluded. Patients were stratified into two groups: a pre‐subsidisation cohort comprising patients biopsied prior to the introduction of mpMRI subsidisation on 1 July 2018 and a post‐subsidisation cohort comprising patients biopsied after 1 July 2018. Histopathological results were compared with further stratification based on mpMRI results. Clinically significant cancer was defined as ISUP Grade Group ≥ 2.ResultsSix hundred and fifty men fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Three hundred and sixty‐one patients were in the pre‐subsidisation cohort and 289 in the post‐subsidisation cohort. Of the patients in the pre‐subsidisation group, 36.3% underwent a pre‐biopsy mpMRI compared with 77.5% in the post‐subsidisation group. Of the patients in the pre‐subsidisation group, 59.6% had positive biopsies (p = 0.024) compared with 68.2% in the post‐subsidisation group. The rate of clinically significant PCa was lower in the pre‐subsidisation group (39.1%) compared with the post‐subsidisation (49.5%, p = 0.008). The negative predictive value of mpMRI for clinically significant PCa was 86.5%.ConclusionOur institution experienced a reduction of negative prostate biopsies and an increase in clinically significant PCa within transperineal biopsy specimens after the Australian healthcare system introduced financial subsidisation of mpMRI.
Financial constraints, investments, and environmental strategies: An empirical analysis of judicial barriers
Authors: Falavigna Greta , Ippoliti Roberto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work analyzes the relation between the judicial system and financial constraints, investigating whether inefficiency in enforcing credit rights can amplify companies' difficulties in collecting resources on the capital market, limiting their access to the funds needed to support investments and environmental sustainability. Considering the Italian manufacturing industry and according to the selected insolvency procedures, our results suggest that, if the time necessary to settle cases decreases by 20%, we can expect an increase in the financial debt ratio between 0.92% and 5.08% and a decrease in the trade credit ratio between 0.81% and 2.71%, as well as an increase in investments between 0.46% and 3.22%. These results are robust under a variety of tests and support the hypothesis that judicial inefficiency represents a barrier to environmental sustainability, preventing investments in key technologies able to support green strategies, as well as the key role of trade dynamics as alternative funding strategy for their business. The economic implications of our evidence could be far‐reaching for the whole economy, not only reducing the competitiveness and financial stability of the national system but also triggering a cascade effect on the market and undermining environmental strategies.
DNA image cytometric analysis of bronchial washings as an adjunct for the detection of lung cancer in a clinical setting
Authors: Hu Yan , Yu Qing , Guo Cuiyan , Wang Guangfa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDNA aneuploidy has a potential to become an adjunct to conventional cytology for diagnosis of lung cancer, but its value in bronchial washings has not been well evaluated.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on patients who underwent bronchoscopy and the bronchial washings were submitted for both cytology and DNA image cytometry (DNA‐ICM) examination. The sensitivity and specificity of two methods and both in combination were compared. Analysis of clinical subgroups and DNA histogram were also performed.ResultsThe study included 626 patients (326 patients with lung cancer and 300 patients with benign lung diseases). The sensitivity of cytology, DNA‐ICM, and combination test for lung cancer were 53.3%, 62.3%, and 75.8%, respectively, and the sensitivity of DNA‐ICM and combination test were superior to that of cytology (p < 0.05). A modest reduction of specificity was found in DNA‐ICM compared with cytology (91.3% vs. 98.3%, p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed there was no significant difference in sensitivity of DNA‐ICM between the visible tumor group and the invisible tumor group (66.5% vs. 56.9%, χ2 = 3.114, p = 0.078). Among 101 patients with invisible endobronchial tumor, the positive rates for DNA‐ICM of washing, cytology of washing, brushing and biopsy were 62.4%, 41.6%, 40.6%, and 45.5%, respectively. DNA‐ICM in combination with the basic bronchoscopy techniques could increase the sensitivity from 67.3% to 87.1% (p = 0.000). The DNA histogram analysis showed 25.3% washing samples of lung cancer were diploid pattern, 49.4% were scattered aneuploid cells pattern, and 25.3% were aneuploid peaks pattern. Small cell lung cancer had the highest proportion of aneuploid peaks pattern (p < 0.05).ConclusionsDNA‐ICM could be used as an adjunct for the detection of lung cancer. The combination of DNA‐ICM and basic bronchoscopy techniques could significantly increase the sensitivity, especially for the patients suspected of peripheral lung cancer, and contribute to select subjects for advanced bronchoscopy.
The relationship between Turkish mothers' childhood trauma experiences and parenting styles
Authors: Subasi Damla Ozcevik , Sümengen Aylin Akça , Ekim Ayfer , Ocakci Ayşe Ferda 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mothers’ childhood traumatic experiences and parenting styles. This descriptive study was conducted with 355 participants in Turkey. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire between September and December 2019. Descriptive statistics, Student t‐test, one‐way ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed. Parenting styles did not change according to the socio‐demographic characteristics of the mothers. It was found that as the childhood traumatic experiences increased, their authoritarian and permissive styles increased while their authoritative styles decreased. It would be helpful to explore parents' experiences of childhood trauma and then provide support accordingly and appropriately.
Novel truncating variant in KMT2E associated with cerebellar hypoplasia and velopharyngeal dysfunction
Authors: Abreu Nicolas J. , Siemon Amy E. , Baylis Adriane L. , Kirschner Richard E. , Pfau Ruthann B. , Ho Mai‐Lan , Hickey Scott E. , Truxal Kristen V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractKMT2E‐related neurodevelopmental disorder is a recently described intellectual disability syndrome often with speech difficulties. Here, we describe an individual with a heterozygous frameshift variant in KMT2E (NM_182931.2:c.2334_2337delTTAC, p.[Tyr779AlafsTer41]), intellectual disability, cerebellar hypoplasia, and velopharyngeal dysfunction. This case suggests potential mechanisms of speech disturbance in the disorder, requiring further investigation.
Locally advanced perforated appendiceal cancer: Case report and review
Authors: Patel Samik H. , Bihlmeyer Sharon , Eggenberger John C. , Shanker Beth‐Ann , Cleary Robert K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAppendiceal cancers may be difficult to diagnose even after comprehensive investigation. This report of locally advanced perforated appendiceal adenocarcinoma attached to the terminal ileum, cecum, and rectosigmoid illustrates the management challenges that require comprehensive knowledge of pathologic variations and range from simple appendectomy to cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Peritoneal perforation and peritonitis after antegrade double‐J stent insertion: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Haghpanah Abdolreza , Ahmed Faisal , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Mashayekh Ali , Dehghani Anahita , Rastin Sourena 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPenetration of peritoneal cavity during antegrade double‐J (DJ) stenting is rare. A 52‐year‐old woman presented with signs of peritonitis for 3 days after left PCNL. Abdominal CT scan revealed a perforation of the peritoneum by the distal coil of DJ stent, which was reinserted into the bladder by ureteroscopy.
Multiple endocrine disorders manifested as gynecomastia in a patient with renal pelvis cancer
Authors: Bilim Vladimir , Hoshi Senji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 95‐year‐old man was diagnosed with left renal pelvis cancer which presented with rapid tumor growth, multiple metastases, and bilateral tender gynecomastia. Elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), prolactin, estradiol, and progesterone were detected. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, and he passed away.
Dehydration of Amides to Nitriles over Heterogeneous Silica‐Supported Molybdenum Oxide Catalyst
Authors: Nagasaki Yo‐hei , Tamura Masazumi , Yabushita Mizuho , Nakagawa Yoshinao , Tomishige Keiichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSilica‐supported molybdenum oxide (MoOx/SiO2) with 4.8 wt% Mo (0.5 mmol g−1) was an effective and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for dehydration of 2‐furamide to 2‐furonitrile (96 % yield). The catalyst was applicable to the dehydration of various amides including heteroaromatic, aromatic and alkyl amides, providing the corresponding nitriles in high yields (87‐97 %). Based on the results of catalyst characterizations (XRD, TEM, UV‐vis, Raman) and activity tests, MoOxspecies are highly dispersed over SiO2, and heptamolybdate anion ([Mo7O24]6−) and isolated dioxo ((O=)2MoO2) were mainly formed on the SiO2support of the optimal MoOx/SiO2catalyst. The strong Brønsted acid sites (Mo‐OH−Si site) can be formed from the MoOxspecies and the adjacent silanol group, and the acid‐base pair site (Mo(=O)−OH−Si site) of the strong Brønsted acid site (Mo−OH−Si site) and base site (Mo=O) over MoOx/SiO2catalyst could be the main active site for the dehydration of amides.
Synthesis of P, S, N, Triple‐Doped Porous Carbon from Steam Explosion Pretreated Peanut Shell as Electrode Material Applied on Supercapacitor
Authors: Li Xin , Ding Dayong , Liu Zhong , Hui Lanfeng , Guo Taoli , You Tingting , Cao Yunpeng , Zhao Yumeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTriple‐doped (P, S and N) peanut‐shell carbon (PSN‐PSC) was fabricated by a flexible one‐step strategy. The obtained carbon displayed large specific surface area and multiple porous structures, hence it was suitable in applying on supercapacitor as electrode materials. Steam explosion was performed to pretreat peanut shells for the purpose of preliminarily creating pore structure. Potassium phosphate was used as activating agent and supplied phosphorus atom. Thiourea was added as pore‐generating agent, as well as nitrogen and sulfur sources. The extremely high specific surface area (2046 m2 g−1) and hierarchical porous structure of the PSN‐PSC increased the accessibility of the carbon surface to the electrolyte, which shortened the ion diffusion pathway. Besides, the heteroatoms (P, S, N) doping improved the ability of energy storage and capacitive property. The synergistic effect of heteroatom doping and hierarchical structure endowed PSN‐PSC with the highest specific capacitance of 334.7 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and with remarkable cycle stability of 96 % retention for 10000 cycles in 6 m KOH electrolyte in a three‐electrode system with a 3.0 mg cm−2 mass loading of PSN‐PSC. Furthermore, the PSN‐PSC symmetric supercapacitor reached an excellent energy density of 19.92 Wh kg−1 under 70 W kg−1 in a 6 m KOH electrolyte. This work demonstrates a novel, convenient method for fabricating heteroatom doped carbon electrode materials, especially based on pretreated biomass wastes.