bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NANOG regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition via AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway in ovarian cancer SKOV‐3 and A2780 cells
Authors: Yun Hee , Han Gwan Hee , Kim Julie , Chung Joon‐Yong , Kim Jae‐Hoon , Cho Hanbyoul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNANOG engages with tumour initiation and metastasis by regulating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, its role in association with pAMPKα, and its clinical significance in EOC have not been elucidated even though AMPK is known to degrade NANOG in various human cancers. Hence, we investigated the role of pAMPKα and its association with NANOG as potential prognostic biomarkers in EOC. Both NANOG and pAMPKα expression were significantly overexpressed in EOCs comparing nonadjacent normal epithelial tissues, benign tissues, and borderline tumours. NANOG overexpression was significantly associated with poor disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), whereas pAMPKα overexpression was associated with good DFS and OS. Importantly, multivariate analysis revealed that the combination of high NANOG and low pAMPKα expression was a poor independent prognostic factor for DFS and was associated with platinum resistance. In ovarian cancer cell lines, siRNA‐mediated NANOG knockdown diminished migration and invasion properties by regulating the EMT process via the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. Furthermore, treatment with AMPK activator suppressed expression of stemness factors such as NANOG, Oct4 and Sox2. Collectively, these findings established that the combination of high NANOG and low pAMPKα expression was associated with EOC progression and platinum resistance, suggesting a potential prognostic biomarker for clinical management in EOC patients.
Effect of canagliflozin on white blood cell counts in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: A subanalysis of the randomizedCANDLEtrial
Authors: Tanaka Atsushi , Imai Takumi , Shimabukuro Michio , Nakamura Ikuko , Matsunaga Kazuo , Ozaki Yukio , Minamino Tohru , Sata Masataka , Node Koichi ,   CANDLE trial investigators
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionClinical evidence is lacking about the influence of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on white blood cell (WBC) counts, a commonly used and widely available marker of inflammation. The aim of the present analysis was to assess the effect of canagliflozin relative to glimepiride on WBC counts.Materials and MethodsThis was a post‐hoc subanalysis of the CANDLE trial (Effects of Canagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Heart Failure: A Randomized Trial; UMIN000017669), an investigator‐initiated, multicenter, open‐label, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 233 patients with type 2 diabetes and concomitant heart failure were randomly assigned to either canagliflozin (n = 113) or glimepiride (n = 120) treatment for 24 weeks. Overall, patient baseline characteristics were as follows: mean ± standard deviation age, 68.6 ± 10.1 years; hemoglobin A1c, 7.0 ± 0.9%; left ventricular ejection fraction, 56.7 ± 14.4%; and medianN‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, 252 pg/mL (interquartile range 96–563 pg/mL). The mean baseline WBC counts were 6704 cells/μL (95% confidence interval 6,362–7,047) in the canagliflozin group and 6322 cells/μL (95% confidence interval 5,991–6,654) in the glimepiride group. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in terms of changes in WBC counts from baseline to weeks 4 and 12. In contrast, a group difference (canagliflozin minus glimepiride) from baseline to week 24 was significant (mean difference − 456 cells/μL [95% confidence interval −774 to −139,P = 0.005]).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that 24 weeks of treatment with canagliflozin, relative to glimepiride, reduced WBC counts in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure.
Resolving the paradox of juvenile drug courts: How matching substance abuse needs with juvenile court services reduces recidivism
Authors: Chernoff William A. , Olson Lisa M. , Rodriguez Tori , O'Krepki Molly , Bisciglia Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch on juvenile drug court (JDC) effectiveness has been largely underwhelming, generally showing mixed results. These findings, however, could be blamed on a deeper court problem: the inaccurate matching of services to needs. Data from a large juvenile court (N = 1,198) show that juveniles with substance abuse needs recidivate less when receiving JDC services than conventional ones. Likewise, juveniles without drug/alcohol needs receiving conventional services recidivate less than similar youth receiving JDC services. The present study contends that JDCs are an effective complement to conventional juvenile court intervention and demonstrates the importance of matching in delivering effective court services.
“No one cares”: Challenges and possibilities for modernizing juvenile detention operations in mississippi
Authors: Gulledge Laura M. , Scheer Charlie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe status of Mississippi's juvenile corrections landscape was the focus of a 2018 federally‐funded study exploring the viability of a comprehensive database of statewide juvenile arrest data. Study findings indicated that the state's juvenile corrections infrastructure was primitive and incapable of sustaining such a database. However, promising elements were found to exist that may drive organizational changes at both the local and state level, and further innovations including adaptation of new technologies are also explored. Qualitative data from the pilot study reveals these indicators of potential change, which are then contrasted with theories on how organizational change can be conceived, implemented, and sustained. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
The historical analysis of childhood and juvenile delinquency: Implications of american social trend and thought
Authors: Allen Terrence T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive historical analysis of policies, theories and approaches to juvenile delinquency. It also examines the deficits and advantages of the application of adult based criminological theory as a means of explaining, and irradiating juvenile crime. Additionally, the author explores the dynamics of the definition of childhood, the pervasiveness of the mistreatment of children, and how these ever‐evolving conditions have impacted juvenile justice policy. Moreover, the paper dissects classical, positivist, and neo‐classical criminological theories efforts to explain society's response to juvenile crime. In the conclusion, the author draws implications to contemporary approaches to the treatment of juvenile delinquency based in the positivist school of thought. Finally, the author discuss the significance of understanding the historical implications for policymakers and practitioners.
Invited review: Translating kisspeptin and neurokinin B biology into new therapies for reproductive health
Authors: Mills Edouard G. , Dhillo Waljit S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe reproductive neuropeptide kisspeptin has emerged as the master regulator of mammalian reproduction due to its key roles in the initiation of puberty and the control of fertility. Alongside the tachykinin neurokinin B and the endogenous opioid dynorphin, these peptides are central to the hormonal control of reproduction. Building on the expanding body of experimental animal models, interest has flourished with human studies revealing that kisspeptin administration stimulates physiological reproductive hormone secretion in both healthy men and women, as well as patients with common reproductive disorders. In addition, emerging therapeutic roles based on neurokinin B for the management of menopausal flushing, endometriosis and uterine fibroids are increasingly recognised. In this review, we focus on kisspeptin and neurokinin B and their potential application as novel clinical strategies for the management of reproductive disorders.
A critical review of “uterine leiomyoma” with subsequent recurrence or metastasis: A multicenter study of 62 cases
Authors: Sanada Sakiko , Ushijima Kimio , Yanai Hiroyuki , Mikami Yoshiki , Ohishi Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Tashiro Hironori , Mikami Mikio , Miyamoto Shingo , Katabuchi Hidetaka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimHistopathologic diagnosis of a subset of uterine smooth muscle tumors is challenging. We report a critical review regarding the clinicopathological point of view of 62 cases of subsequently recurred or metastasized leiomyoma.MethodsMedical records and glass slides of 62 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumor diagnosed as leiomyoma, which subsequently recurred or metastasized, were critically reviewed by pathologists specializing in gynecologic pathology and oncology.ResultsIn 47 (75.8%) of 62 cases, the diagnosis of leiomyoma was confirmed, including 11 intravascular leiomyomatosis (IVL) and benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML). In 29 cases (46.8%) laparoscopic surgery was performed, of which morcellator without a bag was employed in 23 cases. Fifteen cases (24.2%) appeared to be underestimated and were re‐classified as smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), leiomyosarcoma, or other malignant mesenchymal tumors. Recurrences in seven cases (11.3%) were interpreted to be a malignant transformation, and one STUMP recurred as STUMP.ConclusionThe recurrence or metastasis in cases of “leiomyoma” is attributed to iatrogenic or under‐evaluation of primary tumors, although a subset of cases is a rare example of biological progression.
How Political Actors Co‐Construct CSR and its Effect on Firms' Political Access: A Discursive Institutionalist View
Authors: van den Broek Onna Malou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper explores how corporate social responsibility (CSR) can incentivize political actors to increase firms' political access. Taking a discursive institutional perspective, I argue that the types of access negotiated depend on how political actors co‐construct the multiplicity of CSR meanings. To study this process, I focus on the empirical case of the European Union (EU), offering a novel analysis of event observations, policy documents, and interviews with Commission officials, Euro‐parliamentarians, and other stakeholders. I find that the value of CSR is highly contested in the EU political arena. I then elucidate four discursive strategies through which political actors interactively refined, reframed, and reinterpreted the meaning of CSR and its relevance for firm access in ways beneficial to their perceived interests. The findings highlight the importance for nonmarket strategy studies to conceptualize CSR as a co‐constructed idea and access as negotiated, putting the micro‐dynamic relationship between firms and political actors centre stage.
I Did It My Way: CEO Core Self‐Evaluations and the Environmental Contingencies on Firm Risk‐Taking Strategies
Authors: Resick Christian J. , Nadkarni Sucheta , Chu Jenny , Chen Jianhong , Lien Wan‐Chien , Margolis Jaclyn A. , Shao Ping 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study presents an environmentally contingent view of CEO core self‐evaluations (CSE) and their effects on strategic risk taking. Drawing on upper echelons theory and approach‐avoidance theory, we propose that high CSE CEOs are responsive to rather than disregard environmental cues and pursue strategic risks that enable their firms to capitalize on competitive opportunities while refraining from risks not suited to the external environment. Focusing on two forms of strategic risk – resource allocation risk taking and strategic non‐conformity – we develop hypotheses examining the contingencies across levels of environmental concentration, dynamism, and munificence. We test our hypotheses on a panel of 106 CEOs from publicly traded US companies over a period from 1998 to 2004 using historiometric analyses. Supporting our hypotheses, findings indicate that the effects of CEO CSE on resource allocation risk taking and strategic non‐conformity are contingent on industry concentration and environmental dynamism. Findings advance the understanding of CEOs' positive self‐regard.
Clinical and haemodynamic characteristics of preterm infants with early onset sepsis
Authors: Johnston Niall , de Waal Koert 
Published: September 2022

AimEarly onset sepsis (EOS) in preterm infants is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Improved characterisation of the haemodynamic presentation of EOS could lead to more effective and targeted treatments.MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study of preterm infants ≤32 week' gestation with EOS between 2010 and 2020 and gathered clinical, haemodynamic and echocardiographic data.ResultsOf the 2198 admitted infants, 27 infants (median gestational age 28 weeks, median birthweight 1174 g) developed EOS with predominantly gram‐negative pathogens and the overall mortality rate was 33.3%. Besides hypotension, clinical signs were non‐specific, and over half of infants were normotensive in the first 72 h of life. Those with hypotension received more fluid resuscitation, inotropic support and had a higher mortality compared to the normotensive infants. Cardiac ultrasound was available in 18 infants and commonly revealed higher as expected cardiac output, pulmonary hypertension and diastolic dysfunction.ConclusionPreterm infants with EOS had a high mortality rate, especially when they progressed from sepsis to septic shock. Echocardiography revealed a normal haemodynamic pattern, or one suggestive of vasodilatation and warm shock physiology. Targeting this pathophysiology earlier might improve outcomes.
Bidirectional associations of sleep and discretionary screen time in adults: Longitudinal analysis of the UK biobank
Authors: Sampasa‐Kanyinga Hugues , Chaput Jean‐Philippe , Huang Bo‐Huei , Duncan Mitch J. , Hamer Mark , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe direction of the association between discretionary screen time (DST) and sleep in the adult population is largely unknown. We examined the bidirectional associations of DST and sleep patterns in a longitudinal sample of adults in the general population. A total of 31,361 UK Biobank study participants (52% female, 56.1 ± 7.5 years) had two repeated measurements of discretionary screen time (TV viewing and leisure‐time computer use) and self‐reported sleep patterns (five sleep health characteristics) between 2012 and 2018 (follow‐up period of 6.9 ± 2.2 years). We categorised daily DST into three groups (low, <3 h/day; medium, 3–4 h/day; and high, >4 h/day), and calculated a sleep pattern composite score comprising morning chronotype, adequate sleep duration (7–8 h/day), never or rare insomnia, never or rare snoring, and infrequent daytime sleepiness. The overall sleep pattern was categorised into three groups (healthy: ≥ 4; intermediate: 2–3; and poor: ≤ 1 healthy sleep characteristic). Multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to assess associations between DST and sleep with adjustments for potential confounders. Participants with either an intermediate (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.71) or a poor (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.24) sleep pattern at baseline showed higher odds for high DST at follow‐up, compared with those with a healthy baseline sleep pattern. Participants with medium (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.71) or high DST (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.30, 2.00) at baseline showed higher odds for poor sleep at follow‐up, compared with participants with a low DST. In conclusion, our findings provide consistent evidence that a high DST at baseline is associated with poor sleep over a nearly 7 year follow‐up period, and vice versa.
Specific Learning Disability Identification in an RtI Method: Do Measures of Cognitive Ability Matter?
Authors: Hajovsky Daniel B. , Maki Kathrin E. , Chesnut Steven R. , Barrett Courtenay A. , Burns Matthew K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined the extent to which cognitive ability index scores predicted multidisciplinary teams’ (MDT) SLD identification within a response‐to‐intervention (RtI) method after accounting for RtI slope and norm‐referenced achievement scores. Results showed that four achievement composite scores (i.e., basic reading, reading comprehension, math computation, and math problem solving) and two cognitive ability index scores (i.e., crystallized ability, working memory) predicted MDT‐determined SLD, explaining 81% of the variance. The inclusion of academic achievement and cognitive ability index scores predicted MDT‐determined SLD with 90% accuracy; cognitive ability index scores only increased specificity (sensitivity = 95%; specificity = 79%). RtI slope did not predict MDT‐determined SLD, which was a required component of the evaluation.
Quality of end‐of‐life care with non‐malignant liver disease: Analysis of the VOICES National Survey of Bereaved People
Authors: Jordan Roberta I. , ElMokhallalati Yousuf , Corless Lynsey , Bennett Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsPatients with liver disease struggle to access palliative care. We aimed to compare carers' perceptions of end‐of‐life care for decedents with non‐malignant liver disease, malignant liver disease and other non‐malignant diseases, and to identify associated factors in non‐malignant liver disease.MethodsA retrospective analysis of individual‐level data from the National Survey of Bereaved People 2011–2015.ResultsMore decedents with non‐malignant liver disease died in hospital than other diseases (76.9% vs. 40.9% vs. 50.2%, p < .001), despite 89% wishing to die at home. Fewer decedents received home/hospice specialist palliative care compared with those with malignant liver disease (10.0% vs. 54.6%, p < .001). Carers of decedents with non‐malignant liver disease were less likely to rate overall end‐of‐life care quality as outstanding/excellent (29.3% vs. 43.9% vs. 42.3%, p < .001). For this group, poorer care was associated with younger (65–74 vs. 18–64 years, OR [odds ratio] 1.39, p = .01), more socially deprived decedents (OR .78, p = .02), and better care with greater social support (OR 1.82, p < .001) and community specialist palliative care involvement (OR 1.80, p < .001). There was no association between outstanding/excellent rating and underlying cause of non‐malignant liver disease (alcohol‐related vs. non‐alcohol‐related, p = .92) or place of death (hospital vs. non‐hospital, p = .476).ConclusionsEnd‐of‐life care could be improved by integrating hepatology and community services, particularly specialist palliative care, and advance care planning to facilitate care and death (where desired) at home. However, death in hospital may be appropriate for those with non‐malignant liver disease.
Optimal dynamic regulation of carbon emissions market
Authors: Aïd René , Biagini Sara 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this article, we deal with optimal dynamic carbon emission regulation of a set of firms. On the one hand, the regulator dynamically allocates emission allowances to each firm. On the other hand, firms face idiosyncratic, as well as common, economic shocks on emissions, and they have linear quadratic abatement costs. Firms can trade allowances so as to minimize total expected costs, which arise from abatement, trading, and terminal penalty. Using variational methods, we first exhibit in closed form the market equilibrium in function of the regulator's dynamic allocation. We then solve the Stackelberg game between the regulator and the firms. The result is a closed‐form expression of the optimal dynamic allocation policies that allow a desired expected emission reduction. The optimal policy is unique in the presence of market impact. In absence of market impact, the optimal policy is nonunique, but all the optimal policies share common properties. The optimal policies are fully responsive, and therefore induce a constant abatement effort and a constant price of allowances. Our results are robust to some extensions, like different penalty functions.
Genetic decline and recovery of a demographically rebuilt fishery species
Authors: Hoey Jennifer A. , Able Kenneth W. , Pinsky Malin L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe demographic history of a population is important for conservation and evolution, but this history is unknown for many populations. Methods that use genomic data have been developed to infer demography, but they can be challenging to implement and interpret, particularly for large populations. Thus, understanding if and when genetic estimates of demography correspond to true population history is important for assessing the performance of these genetic methods. Here, we used double‐digest restriction‐site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing data from archived collections of larval summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus, n = 279) from three cohorts (1994–1995, 1997–1998 and 2008–2009) along the U.S. East coast to examine how contemporary effective population size and genetic diversity responded to changes in abundance in a natural population. Despite little to no detectable change in genetic diversity, coalescent‐based demographic modelling from site frequency spectra revealed that summer flounder effective population size declined dramatically in the early 1980s. The timing and direction of change corresponded well with the observed decline in spawning stock census abundance in the late 1980s from independent fish surveys. Census abundance subsequently recovered and achieved the prebottleneck size. Effective population size also grew following the bottleneck. Our results for summer flounder demonstrate that genetic sampling and site frequency spectra can be useful for detecting population dynamics, even in species with large effective sizes.
Flourishing Ethics and identifying ethical values to instill into artificially intelligent agents
Authors: Kantar Nesibe , Bynum Terrell Ward 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present paper uses a Flourishing Ethics analysis to address the question of which ethical values and principles should be “instilled” into artificially intelligent agents. This is an urgent question that is still being asked seven decades after philosopher/scientist Norbert Wiener first asked it. An answer is developed by assuming that human flourishing is the central ethical value, which other ethical values, and related principles, can be used to defend and advance. The upshot is that Flourishing Ethics can provide a common underlying ethical foundation for a wide diversity of cultures and communities around the globe; and the members of each specific culture or community can add their own specific cultural values—ones which they treasure, and which help them to make sense of their moral lives.
What does formal logic have to do with arguments?
Authors: McKeon Matthew W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper sharpens the distinction between inferential and logcon arguments. Inferential arguments represent possible inferences, logcon ones need not. This distinction clarifies the roles that arguments play in accounting for the normativity of validity for inferential reasoning and in establishing the theoretical connection between validity and logical consequence. There are two related takeaways. First, the normativity of validity for inferential reasoning is grounded on the notion of an inferential argument. This will account for the use of validity to judge inference in the face of well‐known skepticism that a theory of validity has any special relevance to inferential reasoning. Second, a valid logcon argument needn't be an inferential argument. Accordingly, the normativity of validity for inferential reasoning doesn't require that every valid logcon argument be an inferential argument. The takeaways harmonize the use of validity to evaluate inferential reasoning with the use of the concept of logical consequence to characterize validity.