bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Dibenzo[h,t]rubicene through Its Internally Dimethoxy-substituted Precursor
Authors: Kato Masaki , Fukui Norihito , Shinokubo Hiroshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dibenzo[h,t]rubicene was synthesized from 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone via an internally dimethoxylated intermediate. In contrast to the planar conformation of rubicene, dibenzo[h,t]rubicene adopted a double-helicene-like structure due to the intramolecular steric repulsion around the fused benzene-rings. Theoretical calculation suggests that the helical inversion occurs frequently with an inversion barrier of 4.8 kcal mol−1. The HOMO–LUMO gap of dibenzo[h,t]rubicene is smaller than that of rubicene, resulting in its red-shifted absorption tailing to 690 nm.
Older people living in long-term care: no place for old sex?
Authors: Villar Feliciano , Fabà Josep 
Published: January 2022

This chapter addresses barriers that older people living in long-term care facilities (L-TCF) have to face to express openly their sexual needs and maintain their rights to a sexual/erotic life. It examines research regarding three kinds of barrier: social attitudes toward sexuality in older age; organizational culture and models of care prevalent in L-TCF; and staff attitudes influencing practices and relations with older people living in L-TCF. The chapter also draws attention to how certain social groups, such as people living with a dementia, and those identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual or trans face particular problems in relation to the expression of sexual needs. The chapter concludes by considering interventions aimed at improving such challenging situations, among them reinforcing staff development and training on sexual issues, developing formal and clear institutional guidelines on sexuality and the need to abandon a task-oriented model of care in favour of person-centred care models.
Extra-ordinary: Crisis, Charity and Care in London’s World without Work
Authors: Vicol Dora-Olivia 
Published: January 2022

This chapter draws on research conducted with migrant workers and charity advisers during the Covid-19 pandemic, to explore the extra-ordinariness of a world without work. Focused on London, the chapter shows how migrants who found themselves plunged into unemployment by the pandemic – and excluded from the government's wage-centric aid package – came to rely upon charity advisers for information and care. The chapter argues that on one level, the work of charity was one of bureaucratic and technological translation, as advisers needed to make migrants legible to the state, before they could access any state support. On another level however, the work of charity was also an attempt to build hope and community around the shared experience of (im)mobility outside the wage.
Introduction – Policy Formulation: A Political Perspective
Authors: Zittoun Philippe , Fischer Frank , Zahariadis Nikolaos 
Published: January 2022

The introduction takes up the neglected political dimension of policy solution formulation to show that this stage is often political and prone to conflict. Putting aside the idea that a policy solution is expected to be an objective and neutral instrument, we point to a policy formulation process that works as a filtering system in which policymakers, supported by a specific configuration of key political players, attempt to argumentatively advance their proposals while seeking to defeat the alternatives. We elaborate on three such filters: the role of social and political meanings, the dynamics of discursive coalition formation and the political and institutional arenas within which the policy solutions are shaped, discussed and selected.
Mapping and size estimation of men who have sex with men in virtual platforms in Delhi, India
Authors: Isac Shajy , Parmar Purnima , Boodman Carl , Ola Shishram , Washington Reynold , Mishra J. K. , Kumar Parveen , Becker Marissa 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
In India, the HIV epidemic is concentrated among Key Populations (KPs), such as men who have sex with men (MSM), who bear a disproportionate burden of HIV disease. Conventional targeted interventions (TI) mitigate HIV transmission among MSM by focusing on physical hotspots. As increasingly, there is a shift within India’s MSM community to connect with sex partners online, novel approaches are needed to map virtual platforms where sexual networks are formed. The objective of this study was to estimate the number of MSM in Delhi using virtual platforms to connect for sex and to describe patterns of their use.

Methods
The study was conducted in the state of Delhi among MSM over 18 years of age who used virtual platforms to look for sexual partners. Virtual platforms were identified through community consultations. Size estimation was carried out by enumerating the number of online users, accounting for duplication across sites and time and based on interviews with 565 MSM.

Results
28,058 MSM (95% CI: range 26,455–29,817) use virtual sites to find sexual partners. We listed 14 MSM specific virtual sites, 14 general virtual sites, 19 social networking pages and 112 messenger groups, all used by MSM. Five virtual sites met feasibility criteria to be included in the virtual mapping. Of the MSM on these sites, 81% used them at night and 94% used them on Sundays, making these the peak time and day of use. Only 16% of users were aware of organizations providing HIV services and 7% were contacted by peer educators in the preceding three months. Two-fifths (42%) also visited a physical location to connect with sexual partners in the month prior to the study.

Discussion
TI programs that focus on physical hotspots do not reach the majority of MSM who use virtual sites. MSM active on virtual sites have a low awareness of HIV services. Virtual mapping and programmatic interventions to include them must be incorporated into current public health interventions to reach MSM at risk of HIV.
“All That Shakespeare Stuff”
Authors: Sabeti Shari 
Published: January 2022

Students and teachers constitute an increasingly important public for comics and graphic novels. While comics and education have not always had a positive history, now it seems that the relationship has blossomed. Teachers employ graphic novels and comic book adaptations to address a changing literacy landscape dominated by visual and digital forms of knowledge. In this chapter, Shari Sabeti analyses literary adaptations into the comics medium—specifically, the most challenging of verbal texts taught in schools, Shakespeare. Using the concept of public pedagogy to foreground adaptors’ own perspectives on the pedagogical work of adapting Shakespeare into the comic book form, it posits the “educational” comic book and “Shakespeare” as sites where pedagogies are enacted between adaptors, text, and the reading public.
The Ethernet-APL Engineering Process
Authors: Niemann Karl-Heinz 
Published: January 2022

The vision “Industrial Ethernet down to the sensors and actors” became reality. At the Achema fair in June 2021 Ethernet-APL got introduced to the market. Base of this technology is a 2-wire Ethernet that conveys information as well as energy to the sensors and actors of the automation system. Ethernet-APL is based on 2 wire Ethernet standard IEEE 802.3cg [1] running at 10 Mbit/s. An additional specification, the Ethernet-APL Port Profile Specification [2], defines additional parameters for the use of the technology in the process industry, especially in areas with potentially explosive atmosphere. As a next step, potential users need to become familiar with the engineering process of Ethernet-APL networks. For this purpose, the APL project provides the Ethernet-APL Engineering Guideline [3] that covers the main areas of planning, installation and acceptance test. This article will give an overview on the Ethernet-APL engineering process and show the relevant planning steps.
A Crise na Biodiversidade e suas Reverberações na Saúde Humana: um Panorama Teórico
Authors: Araújo Santos Lázaro 
Published: January 2022

O declínio da biodiversidade devido as ações humanas têm sido documentadas há muito tempo. Contudo, nas últimas décadas esse declínio tem atingidos valores alarmantes. Como resultado da perda da diversidade biológica observa-se inúmeras consequências, o presente trabalho, enfocara nas consequências sanitárias, e, dessa forma discutirá quais são as principais reverberações que a atual crise na biodiversidade acarreta a saúde humana. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas bibliográficas em diferentes plataformas acadêmicas. Após análise dos artigos selecionados, inferiu-se que as principais consequências da perda da biodiversidade para saúde humana foram: Aumento no número de doenças zoonóticas; crescimento no número de pessoas que adoeceram direta, ou indiretamente – devido a mudanças climáticas e a emergência e/ou re-emergência de enfermidades provenientes da poluição. Assim, sugere-se que estudos que incorporem as duas dimensões, saúde e biodiversidade, possam ocorrer com maior ênfase, tendo em vista que compreender essa correlação não só nos auxiliará na construção de mecanismo de proteção como, também, poderá ajudar na elaboração de medidas para evitar doenças com potencial pandêmico. Além disso, faz-se necessário a inserção de ações conservacionistas dentro das políticas de saúde global, uma vez que diferentes quadros patológicos são oriundos das modificações que a humanidade vem realizando à biodiversidade.

Palavras-chave: Conservação. Diversidade Biológica. Políticas Sanitárias.

Abstract
Biodiversity decline due to human actions has been documented for a long time. However, in recent decades this decline has reached alarming levels. As a result of the loss of biological diversity, there are numerous consequences, this work will focus on the health consequences, and thus will discuss what are the main reverberations that the current crisis in biodiversity causes to human health. Therefore, bibliographic searches were carried out in different academic platforms. After analyzing the selected articles, it was inferred that the main consequences of the loss of biodiversity for human health were: Increase in the number of zoonotic diseases; growth in the number of people who became ill directly or indirectly due to climate change and the emergence and/or re-emergence of illnesses arising from the emergency. Thus, it is essential that incorporating as two dimensions, health and biodiversity, occur with greater emphasis, considering that understanding this comparison of studies not only in aids in the construction of a protection mechanism, but also can help in the definition of measures to prevent diseases with pandemic potential. In addition, it is necessary to insert conservation actions within global health policies, since different pathological conditions arise from the modification that humanity has been making to biodiversity.

Keywords: Conservation. Biological Diversity. Health Policies.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Donor Darah (SIMORA) Di PMI Kota Surakarta
Authors: Yudhanto Yudho 
Published: January 2022

<p>Abstrak </p><p>Masyarakat yang hendak melakukan donor darah seringkali mengalami kerepotan dalam pengisian form pendonor. Hal ini dikarenakan Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) atau Mobile Unit PMI belum mempunyai sistem registrasi pendonor yang dilakukan secara tersisteminasai dan terhubung pangkalan data pedonor yang dapat diakses dengan cepat. Perlunya menemukan cara utnuk memecahkan permasalahan yang ada dengan menyediakan sebuah program sistem informasi donor darah yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pendataan dan registrasi. Sistem Informasi Donor Darah berbasis Web merupakan sebuah cara untuk menampilkan halaman registrasi untuk pendonor sehingga diharapkan masyarakat dapat melakukan registrasi donor darah lebih cepat dan dikembangkan dengan metode <em>waterfall</em>. Dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, database MySQL dan framework CodeIgniter dalam pembangunan sistem informasi donor darah berbasis web. Hasil penelitian bahwa aplikasi dapat digunakan untuk mendata pendonor darah di kota Surakarta yang di kelola oleh Palang Merah Indonesia kota Surakarta.<em> </em></p><p>=================================</p><p>Abstract</p><p><em>People who want to donate blood often experience difficulties in filling out donor forms. This is because the Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) or the PMI Mobile Unit does not yet have a donor registration system that is carried out systematically and connected to a donor database that can be accessed quickly. a solution to solve existing problems by providing a blood donor information system program that can be used for data collection and registration is needed. The Web-based Blood Donor Information System is a way to display the registration page for donors so that it is hoped that the public can register blood donors more quickly and is developed using the waterfall method. By using the PHP programming language, MySQL database and CodeIgniter framework in the development of a web-based blood donor information system. The results showed that the application can be used to register blood donors in the city of Surakarta which is managed by the Indonesian Red Cross in the city of Surakarta.</em></p>
STUDI LITERATUR PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS IPA SMP
Authors: Indawati Herdianna , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Sukarmin Sukarmin 
Published: January 2022

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan guna mengkaji berbagai literatur mengenai model inkuiri terbimbing sebagai solusi guna tingkatkan keahlian berpikir kritis IPA SMP Negeri 4 Mojokerto. Bersumber pada hasil yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara dengan guru, kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih terkategori rendah, dibuktikan dengan siswa yang pasif dalam memberikan jawaban dikala guru memberi pertanyaan. Masalah-masalah yang ada pada siswa membuat siswa menjadi kesulitan dalam menjelaskan uraian dasar, membangun keahlian dasar, merumuskan kesimpulan, membuat uraian lebih lanjut serta membuat strategi dan taktik, tidak hanya itu pada proses pembelajaran hanya mencermati penjelasan guru tanpa menghubungkan konsep-konsep yang dipelajari. Proses pembelajaran oleh guru sudah disesuaikan pada kurikulum 2013 yaitu pembelajaran <em>discovery learning,</em> namun pada kenyataannya guru hanya menjelaskan di depan kelas. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu tes wawancara untuk guru dan siswa kelas delapan SMP Negeri 4 Mojokerto. Metode yang digunakan yaitu studi literatur dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur diperlukan pemecahan guna mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan mempraktikkan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing.</p>
BAGAIMANA MENGENALKAN DIALEK KEPADA PEMBELAJAR BAHASA INGGRIS
Authors: Wibowo Agus Hari , Santosa Riyadi , Wiratno Tri , Djatmika Djatmika 
Published: January 2022

<p>The article discusses how variations of English are introduced to teenage Indonesian English learners through coursebooks for students of high schools. English language units representing such vatiants were collected from five coursebooks for high schools. The collected units were then analysed to see what English variations they are representing, such as British, American, or mixed variaiton, or Indonesian Engish. The results show that the English variations due to its users are represented either in grammar and lexical choices. The latter dominate the numbers of data in showing the variations. The language units representing the variations are presented mostly in dialogs in the forms of utteracances. In addition choice of single words also contribute the representation of the variations. Formality becomes the main feature to differentiate between British and Amerian dialects presented in the books, and introducing English dialects to students through the coursbooks is good in accordance to the fact that recognizing dialects of English will broaden their linguistic knowledge on such a language they are learning. </p>
Position-informed contrastive learning for spatially resolved omics deciphers hierarchical tissue structure at both cellular and niche levels
Authors: Yang Meng , Wang Yue , Liu Xingmin , Huang Haiping , Lan Linqi , Ni Ming , Han Yuchen , Yang Huanming , Mu Feng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spatial omics and multiplexed imaging technologies provide unprecedented spatial context to characterize molecular variation in complex tissues. Developing unsupervised computational pipeline in a discovery mode is of vital importance to interpret spatially resolved data and derive novel biological insights. We develop Stereo, a unified framework leveraging contrastive learning to jointly model molecular and spatial information in a self-supervised manner. Stereo consists of two modules, StereoCell for neighbor-aware cell identity inference and clustering on spatial transcriptomics data, and StereoNiche for biologically-relevant niche identification on spatial proteomics data. StereoCell uses graph attention to aggregate immediate neighbors’ content for each cell while StereoNiche exploits vision Transformer to explicitly relate position coordinates with marker readouts within certain receptive field. We validate StereoCell’s superior utility on both simulated and real transcriptomics datasets of brain tissues acquired by various technologies with different resolutions. StereoCell can operate on all genes, extract layer-specific signature genes at single-cell resolution and identify clear layer-wise structure with state-of-the-art performance. Applied on tumor tissue sections, StereoCell enables detailed characterization of intratumoral heterogeneity and reveals invasive or metastasis behaviors concordant with expert annotations. Evaluated on a multiplexed fluorescence imaging dataset for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, StereoNiche refines niche assignments, recapitulates classical follicle structure, and validates enriched T cells-macrophages interdigitation. Via self-distillation operation, StereoNiche also enables extracting bounded layout of tertiary lymphoid structure with no supervision, representing classical Crohn’s-like reaction behavior. Local explanations are derived for a tree-based survival model to validate the clinical relevance of identified niches. For mass spectrometry profiled triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) samples, StereoNiche recognizes differential tumor-immune interactions to separate compartmentalized from mixed pattern. In brief, Stereo is applicable to a variety of spatial technologies, serving as a powerful method to interrogate context-aware biological process and facilitate hierarchical signature discovery in neuroscience and computational pathology.
Spatiotemporal mode-locking and photonic flywheel in multimode microresonators
Authors: Huang Shu-Wei , Nie Mingming , Jia Kunpeng , Xie Yijun , Zhu Shining , Xie Zhenda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) frequency combs – also known as microcombs – have arguably created a new field in cavity nonlinear photonics, with a strong cross-fertilization between theoretical, experimental, and technological research. Spatiotemporal mode-locking (STML) not only add new degrees of freedom to ultrafast laser technology, but also provide new insights for implementing analogue computers and heuristic optimizers with photonics. Here, we combine the principles of DKS and STML for the first time to demonstrate the STML DKS by developing an unexplored ultrahigh-quality-factor Fabry–Pérot microresonator based on graded index multimode fiber (GRIN-MMF). Using the intermodal stimulated Brillouin scattering, we can selectively excite either the eigenmode DKS or the STML DKS. Furthermore, we demonstrate an ultralow noise microcomb that enhances the photonic flywheel performance in both the fundamental comb linewidth and DKS timing jitter. The demonstrated fundamental comb linewidth of 400 mHz and DKS timing jitter of 500 attosecond (averaging times up to 25 μs) represent improvements of 25x and 2.5x, respectively, from the state-of-the-art. Our results show the potential of GRIN-MMF FP microresonators as an ideal testbed for high-dimensional nonlinear cavity dynamics and photonic flywheel with ultrahigh coherence and ultralow timing jitter.
Flowering and Fruiting Phenology of Native and Non-Native Woody Species in a Semiarid Subtropical Forest
Authors: Ferreras Ana E. , Ashworth Lorena , Giorgis Melisa A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The timing of flowering and fruiting events has major implications for community assemblies in time and space, and is an important trait for explaining plant invasion. Wolkovich and Cleland proposed four phenological hypotheses to explain invasion success; however, in semiarid subtropical forests, where non-native woody species are highly invasive, these hypothesis have been poorly tested, with multiyear studies being even less scarce. We answered the following questions: 1) Which of the strategies proposed by Wolkovich and Cleland do non-native species exhibit in their flowering and fruiting phenology? 2) Does temporal variability in flowering and fruiting differ among individuals of native and non-native species? We measured the beginning and length of flowering and fruiting phenology of the most frequent native and non-native woody species during four consecutive reproductive periods. We found differences in the phenological patterns. Non-natives showed a delay in flowering and fruiting, coinciding with the Vacant niche hypothesis, and had a longer fruiting phenology, as predicted by the Niche breadth hypothesis. Many individuals of native species showed high temporal variability in flower and fruit production, with a sharp reduction or even absence of individuals with flowers or fruits in some periods. Contrarily, individuals of non-native species showed higher temporal stability in flower and fruit production. The different phenological strategies developed by non-native species generate different interactions and windows of opportunities that may explain invasion. These new strategies may also have profound consequences on ecosystem processes and functions.
Trans-Esterifiable Bio Lipids Synthesis in Bacterial Isolates Using Limonene Containing Waste
Authors: Qadeer Samia , Yang Shang-Tian , Mahmood Shahid , Anjum Muzammil , Khalid Azeem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bio-oil is recognized as a sustainable eco-friendly source of energy and a potential candidate to substitute the use of petro-diesel. In the present study, cultivation of a novel oleaginous culture KM9 was evaluated for bio-oil production potential and compared with a known oleaginous specie R. erythropolis. These strains were assessed for biomass production and growth was optimized for their respective nutrient requirements and physiochemical conditions. The cultivation of strains was also evaluated for their potential to use orange waste as substrate, lipid accumulation and simultaneous waste minimization. The results showed that KM9 reduced more than 50% of organic matters from the waste (47% VS removal and 60% COD removal) and achieved a maximum lipid accumulation of up to 38% of cell dry weight (CDW). In contrast, R. erythropolis stored a maximum of 27% lipids in the cell biomass. Florescence microscopy confirmed the accumulation of lipids by both strains. GC-MS of the trans esterified lipids revealed that both strains tended to store more saturated fatty acids (SFA) (38.39% by KM9 and 39% by R. erythropolis) when using limonene modified media. However, the use of orange waste triggered the accumulation of mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The high proportion of palmitic acid and stearic acid indicated its close resemblance to the plant based bio-oils. This study gave insight about bacterial lipid accumulation in the novel isolate KM9 for bio-oil production, which also provided additional benefit of waste minimization. Therefore, the oleaginous KM9 can be used to produce microbial lipids as a potential alternative oil from orange wastes, providing a novel process for sustainable production of biodiesel to meet escalating energy demands and waste minimization and utilization into value added products.