bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage on impact damage to corn kernel during handling
Authors: Shahbazi Reza , Shahbazi Feizollah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage in minimizing mechanical damage to corn kernels during free fall. Kernels from a single lot of cultivar KSC 705 were evaluated for percentage of breakage using three drop methods (free fall, with cushion box, and with closed let‐down ladder) at five different moisture contents (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%), and three drop heights (5, 10, and 15 m). The results showed that the drop methods had a significant effect on the breakage sensibility of kernels. Sample kernels dropped without a ladder (free fall) had a significantly higher average percentage breakage of 13.80%. In the use of the cushion box, the average kernel breakage was calculated to be 11.41%, which was decreased by about 17% more than the free fall. Sample kernels dropped with the closed let‐down ladder had a lower average breakage of 7.26%, which showed that the closed let‐down ladder significantly helped to reduce mechanical damage to corn kernels by about 47% comparing free fall and by about 37% than the use of the cushion box. The amounts of kernel damage increased significantly with increasing drop height and decreasing moisture content, but the use of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder systems somewhat reduced the adverse effect of the above factors. To minimize mechanical damage to kernels as they fall into the bin, a grain let‐down ladder should be installed in the bin so that it can receive kernels from the filling spout with minimum damage. Empirical models were developed for the dependency of damage to corn kernels due to the impact caused by free fall on the drop height and moisture content at different drop methods.
Isolation, identification, and biochemical characterization of five Lacticaseibacillus strains from Oggtt: A traditional fermented and dried buttermilk
Authors: Hassan Ashwak A.‐M. , Sakr Sally S. , Ali Asmahan A. , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A. , Elkashef Hany 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the isolation and characterization of the main lactic acid bacteria responsible for fermentation of Oggtt, a dried fermented buttermilk. Five isolates with Gram‐positive staining and negative catalase and oxidase activity were identified using phenotypic and genotypic methods, and their antagonistic, exopolysaccharides and organic acid production, proteolytic activity, and antioxidant capacity were assessed. The isolates are classified as Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Ogt_1, Lacticaseibacillus casei Ogt_2, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Ogt_3, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Ogt_4, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Ogt_5. All strains possessed high antagonistic activity against Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. All strains produced high levels of lactic acid (11177.3–15404.9 μg/ml), tartaric acid (2197.8–4058.5 μg/ml), and exopolysaccharides(20.86–239.9 mg/L) and possessed high proteolytic and antioxidant activity at variable manners. Overall, this study indicates the isolation of important Lacticaseibacillus strains from Oggtt, which could be used as starter cultures for developing functional foods.
The biological effect of a beef‐derived Latilactobacillus sakei on beef steaks during chilled storage
Authors: Yang Huixuan , Luo Xin , Zhu Lixian , Liang Rongrong , Mao Yanwei , Yang Xiaoyin , Niu Lebao , Zhang Yimin , Dong Pengcheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the biological inhibiting effect of a beef‐derived Latilactobacillus sakei (RS‐25) on the spoilage of beef steaks in overwrapped packaging during the 12 days of storage at 4°C. Beef quality as well as microbial indicators were determined at different intervals during the storage after the inoculation of RS‐25 at the 6 log CFU/g, and the high‐throughput sequencing was applied to investigate the changes of microbial community structure during the storage. The inoculation of RS‐25 on beef had no effect (p > .05) on pH, TBARS, and TVB‐N during storage indicating the weak effect of such strain on the eat quality. Furthermore, the rise of L* and the delayed decline of a* and b* reveal the protection effect of RS‐25 on the meat color. RS‐25 reduced the re‐contaminated Salmonella typhimurium by 1.16 log CFU/g (p < .01), and the growth of Brochothrix thermosphacta was also inhibited but no inhibition was found on the Pseudomonas spp. at the first 6 days of storage. The inhibiting effect of RS‐25 was covered by the rapid growth of other microorganism during the following 6 days of storage. Consistent with the microbial counts results, high‐throughput sequencing analysis confirmed that the inoculated L. sakei RS‐25 was dominant at first 6 days, and then replaced by Pseudomonas spp. The findings obtained from the current study may provide basic information for the further application of bioprotective bacteria in preservation of beef steaks in the overwrapped packaging.
Digitale Lehre in der Geotechnik: Aktueller Stand und weitere Entwicklungen
Authors: Kluge Katharina , Kirsch Ansgar , Budach Christoph 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDigitale Lehrmaterialien werden seit mehreren Jahren in den Hochschulen eingesetzt und eröffnen ganz neue Wege zur Vermittlung des Lehrstoffs. Die Erstellung dieser Lehrmaterialien kann allerdings je nach Art und Qualität sehr zeitintensiv sein und für Lehrende einen großen Mehraufwand bedeuten. Im Rahmen eines Kooperationsprojekts zur Erstellung von Lehrvideos für geotechnische Feld‐ und Laborversuche haben die Autoren dieses Beitrags allerdings die Erfahrung gemacht, dass das gemeinsame, hochschulübergreifende Erstellen von Lehrmaterialien viele Vorteile mit sich bringt. Dadurch inspiriert, führten die Autoren dieses Berichts eine Umfrage unter den deutschsprachigen Geotechnik‐Lehrstühlen der (Technischen) Universitäten und (Fach‐)Hochschulen durch. Nach drei Semestern, in denen Lehrveranstaltungen an den Hochschulen aufgrund der Corona‐Pandemie überwiegend digital durchgeführt werden mussten, war es ein Ziel dieser Umfrage, den Bestand und den Einsatz digitaler Lehrmaterialien im Fachgebiet Geotechnik zu erheben. Ein weiteres Ziel war die Initiierung eines Netzwerks, in dem sich Geotechnik‐Professorinnen und ‐Professoren zu Lehrthemen austauschen können und gemeinsam (digitale) Lehrmaterialien erstellen und nutzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt das gemeinsame Lehrprojekt der Autoren vor, präsentiert die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Umfrage und berichtet über die ersten Aktivitäten des neuen Netzwerks.
Empirical comparison of routinely collected electronic health record data for head and neck cancer‐specific survival in machine‐learnt prognostic models
Authors: Kotevski Damian P. , Smee Robert I. , Vajdic Claire M. , Field Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of the prognostic factors and performance of machine learning predictive models for 2‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS) is limited in the head and neck cancer (HNC) population.MethodsData from our facilities' oncology information system (OIS) collected for routine practice (OIS dataset, n = 430 patients) and research purposes (research dataset, n = 529 patients) were extracted on adults diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.ResultsMachine learning demonstrated excellent performance (area under the curve, AUC) in the whole cohort (AUC = 0.97, research dataset), larynx cohort (AUC = 0.98, both datasets), and oropharynx cohort (AUC = 0.99, both datasets). Tumor site and T classification were identified as predictors of 2‐year CSS in both datasets. Hypothyroidism and fitness for operation were further identified in the research dataset.ConclusionsDatasets extracted from an OIS for routine clinical practice and research purposes demonstrated high utility for informing 2‐year head and neck CSS.
Neural mechanisms behind semantic congruity of construction safety signs: An EEG investigation on construction workers
Authors: Wu Jinchun , Du Xiaoxi , Tong Mu , Guo Qi , Shao Junkai , Chabebe Annette , Xue Chengqi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAccurate comprehension of safety signs plays a critical part in warning construction workers of potential work hazards. However, existing studies have rarely investigated construction workers' comprehension of safety signs at construction sites. Moreover, existing evaluation methods are generally based on subjective behavior tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Therefore, this study examined the effects of semantic congruity on the comprehension of safety signs, including two sign types (prohibition vs. warning signs) and two conditions (semantic congruence vs. incongruence), combining event‐related potentials and time‐frequency analysis measurements. Adopting the S1‐S2 paradigm, electroencephalogram data were recorded when participants decided whether S1 and S2 were semantically congruent or not. Results showed that the semantically incongruent safety sign‐word pairs elicited larger N400 amplitudes and increased theta (3–8 Hz) power in 300–420 ms. The amplitude of N400 in the semantically incongruent condition of the warning sign‐word pairs was more negative than that for the prohibition sign‐word pairs, while there were no significant differences between the prohibition and warning sign‐word pairs in the semantically congruent condition. A greater late positive potential (LPP) (550–750 ms) was also elicited in the semantically incongruent safety sign‐word pairs, which was different from previous studies that observed larger LPP in congruent conditions. These results suggest complicated cognitive mechanisms of safety sign comprehension in construction workers. This study extends safety sign comprehension research by using electrophysiological approaches and provides useful indicators for researchers or safety engineers to measure the semantic congruity of proposed sign designs.
Predicting mortality in penetrating cardiac trauma in developing countries through a new classification: Validation of the Bogotá classification
Authors: Pulido Jean A. , Reyes Mariana , Enríquez Jessica , Padilla Laura , Pérez Carlos , Cabrera‐Vargas Luis F. , Lozada‐Martinez Ivan D. , Pedraza Mauricio , Narvaez‐Rojas Alexis R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionPenetrating chest trauma (PCT) represents 10% of worldwide mortality, with developing countries counting as some of the most affected by high mortality rates due to cardiac trauma. Colombia is considered one of the most violent countries due to the high mortality rate associated with war and crime, hence the validation of an own classification for penetrating cardiac injuries (PCI) is mandatory.MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional study which included adult patients with PCIs at a level 4 trauma center in Colombia, between January 2018 and April 2020. We used our own system (Bogotá Classification) and compared it with traditional systems (e.g., Ivatury's, OIS‐AAST), by analyzing the mechanism of injury (MOI), the hemodynamic status of the patient at admission, the inpatient management, the individual outcomes, and some demographic variables. Bivariate statistical analysis, spearman correlation, and logistic regression were performed.ResultsFour hundred and ninety‐nine patients were included. Bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between mortality and hemodynamic state, MOI, its location and degree of lesion, cardiac/vessel injury, cardiac tamponade, time between injury and medical care, fluid reanimation, as well as the Ivatury's classification and the new classification (p < 0.005). The adequate correlation between Ivatury's and Bogotá classification supports the latter's clinical utility for patients presenting with PCI. Likewise, logistic regression showed a statistically significant association among mortality rates (p < 0.005).ConclusionsThe Bogotá classification showed similar performance to the Ivatury's classification, correlating most strongly with mortality. This scale could be replicated in countries with similar social and economic contexts.
MHD flow in a rotating vertical cone through a porous medium
Authors: Jeevitha S. , Chitra M. , Rushi Kumar B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the context of advancements in both heat and mass transfer, the current study intends to analyze the impacts of thermal radiation, Soret, and Dufour on the magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow through a vertical spinning cone in porous media. The Dufour effect is the energy flux due to the mass concentration gradient with a reciprocal phenomenon, the Soret effect. Energy expression considers the physical aspects of heat generation and absorption. It is expected that the tangential, circumferential, and normal directions will all have velocity components in flow through a porous media. The governing equations are nonlinear partial differential equations that are rearranged into ordinary differential equations via similarity transformation, and then they are numerically solved using the Runge–Kutta method along with a proper shooting strategy. Graphs are used to examine the impacts of many parameters on flow characteristic velocity, temperature, and concentration, including magnetic parameters, porous parameters, Dufour and Soret parameters, chemical reaction parameters, and more. The numerical findings of the gradient of velocity, the Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, and the surface drag force are tabulated and compared with the current result and the one from the literature. The findings are found to be in good agreement. Circumferential and normal velocities are improved visually for greater values of the porosity parameter, but the tangential velocity behavior of the magnetic parameter exhibits the reverse behavior. In addition, the Dufour parameter and chemical reaction both exhibit diminishing behavior when the Soret parameter increases.
Effects of monetary policy credibility and the open economy trilemma on monetary policy efficiency
Authors: Montes Gabriel Caldas , da Silva Rodrigues Júnior Irineu , Bastos Júlio Cesar Albuquerque , Batista Linican Monteiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of monetary policy credibility and the open economy trilemma on monetary policy efficiency in developing countries. Based on a sample of 28 developing countries, the findings reveal that monetary policy credibility increases monetary policy efficiency. The results also show that central banks in developing countries have more efficient monetary policies when they choose a policy arrangement contrary to the ‘middle‐ground convergence’; but, to the extent they accumulate international reserves, it allows them to move to a middle‐ground strategy. Regarding the trilemma, the estimates suggest when monetary policy is independent, monetary policy is more efficient. Furthermore, when financial openness and exchange rate stability are deepened, central banks become less efficient in conducting monetary policy. However, when countries hold higher levels of international reserves, the positive effect of monetary autonomy on monetary policy efficiency decreases and the negative effect of financial liberalisation on monetary policy efficiency decreases.
Irrigation scheduling of pressurized irrigation networks for minimizing energy consumption
Authors: Pang Yiyuan , Li Hong , Tang Pan , Chen Chao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough pressurized irrigation systems can increase water use efficiency, the energy requirements of these irrigation systems are much higher than those of gravity‐fed systems in water transport and distribution. To reduce irrigation energy consumption, this research introduces two factors influencing energy consumption: branch pipe assigned queue and branch pipe assigned times. The traditional single water distribution and sequential queue are optimized as multiple water distributions and stochastic queues. Combined with traditional motor frequency optimization, eight scheduling scenarios are established based on these three optimization factors and compared with the original scenario. Next, this study optimizes the discharge of all hydrants for each scenario using a genetic algorithm with the same framework and operational process. Predictions and experiments in a case study in eastern China indicated that only optimizing the branch pipe assigned queue or times cannot significantly reduce energy consumption, while an energy‐savings rate of 8% can be achieved by simultaneously optimizing the branch pipe assigned queue and times. In addition, the energy savings rate of only optimizing the motor operating frequency is 11%. However, an energy‐saving rate of 19% can be obtained by combining branch pipe‐assigned times optimization with motor frequency optimization.
Vaping additives cannabinoid oil and vitamin E acetate adhere to and damage the human airway epithelium
Authors: Reidel Boris , Abdelwahab Sabri , Wrennall Joe Alexander , Clapp Phillip W. , Beers Jessica L. , Jackson Klarissa D. , Tarran Robert , Kesimer Mehmet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractE‐cigarette, or vaping product use‐associated lung injury (EVALI), is a severe respiratory disorder that caused a sudden outbreak of hospitalized young people in 2019. Using cannabis oil containing vaping products, including vitamin E acetate contaminants, was found to be strongly associated with EVALI. However, the underlying tissue impacts of the condition are still largely unknown. Here, we focused on the vehicle cannabinoid oil (CBD oil) and contaminant vitamin E acetate (VEA) effects on airway epithelial cells. Primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cultures were exposed to e‐liquid aerosols that contained CBD oil and VEA in combination or the common e‐liquid components PG/VG with and without nicotine. Cell viability analysis indicated dramatically increased cell death counts after 3 days of CBD exposure, and this effect was even higher after CBD + VEA exposure. Microscopic examination of the cultures revealed cannabinoid and VEA depositions on the epithelial surfaces and cannabinoid accumulation in exposed cells, followed by cell death. These observations were supported by proteomic analysis of the cell secretions that exhibited increases in known markers of airway epithelial toxicity, such as xenobiotic enzymes, factors related to oxidative stress response, and cell death indicators. Overall, our study provides insights into the association between cannabinoid oil and vitamin E acetate vaping and lung injury. Collectively, our results suggest that the adherent accumulation of CBD oil on airway surfaces and the cellular uptake of both CBD oil‐ and VEA‐containing condensates cause elevated metabolic stress, leading to increased cell death rates in human airway epithelial cultures.
The role of promoters in Cu/Acid‐MMT catalysts for production of hydrogen via steam reforming of dimethyl ether
Authors: Hong‐Xu Luo , Yong‐Hua Zhao , Qi‐Jian Zhang , Huan Wang , Xiao‐Qian Feng , Jia‐Kang Zhang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe steam reforming of dimethyl ether (DME) is one of the promising technologies for high‐efficiency hydrogen production. The key issue for the steam reforming of DME is the development of catalysts with higher performance. In this study, a series of X‐Cu/Acid‐MMT (X = Co, Ni, Zr, Ce) catalysts were prepared via the impregnation method using Acid‐MMT obtained by montmorillonite activated with nitric acid (20 wt%) at 80 °C for 12 h as the support and metallic nitrate as precursor. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, H2‐TPR, XPS, N2O titration and N2 adsorption–desorption at low temperature.ResultsThe introduction of promoter X could reduce the interaction between Cu and the support, and more CuO was reduced to Cu0; meanwhile, it was beneficial for improving the dispersion of Cu. This would enhance the reaction rate of steam reforming of DME. Therefore, the introduction of promoter X significantly increased DME conversion, especially Ni‐Cu/Acid‐MMT presented the maximum DME conversion. However, Ni‐Cu/Acid‐MMT exhibited low H2 yield, high selectivity of CO and CH4 due to reverse water gas shift reaction and methanation reaction. Co‐Cu/Acid‐MMT catalyst presented the maximum H2 yield, high conversion of DME, relatively low selectivity of CH4 and better stability.ConclusionsThe introduction of promoters to Cu/Acid‐MMT catalyst improved the catalyst performance for the steam reforming of DME. Among these catalysts, Co‐Cu/Acid‐MMT exhibited remarkable catalytic performance, which is expected to be a potential catalyst for steam reforming of DME. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Impact of arterial stiffness on echocardiographic myocardial work indices in patients with isolated bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Toprak Cüneyt , Çakır Hakan , Karagöz Ali , Isgandarov Khagani , Biyikli Kadir , Tuncer Şeref Berk , Kargın Ramazan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveData related to the existence of left ventricular (LV) abnormalities in normal functional bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease is scarce. In addition, the impact of afterload and the involved mechanisms are unclear. In this work, we study the relationship between LV function assessed with myocardial work index (MWI) and arterial stiffness in a cohort of normal functioning BAV patients.MethodsIn this study, we included a total of 38 consecutive patients with isolated BAV and 44 age‐ and gender‐matched control subjects with tricuspid aortic valve. All participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography to assess conventional parameters and global longitudinal strain (GLS). In addition, MWI was measured by the noninvasive LV pressure‐strain cycle method. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and wave reflection were evaluated by applanation tonometry.ResultsThe mean aortic PWV was significantly higher in BAV patients (6.4 ± 0.80, 7.02 ± 0.1.2, p = .01, respectively). LV‐MWI related parameters such as global work efficiency (GWE) (96.261.69 and 97.051.27, p = .02) and global wasted work (GWW) (78.232.1 and 61.824.4, p = .01) were found significantly different between the BAV and control groups. However, global working index and global constructive working were not different between groups (1969 ± 259 and 2014 ± 278, p = .45; 2299 ± 290 and 2359 ± 345, p = .39, respectively). Multivariable ordinary least squares regression analysis revealed that BAV (ß = 8.4; 95% CI: 1.5–15.3; p = .04) and PVW (ß = 5.6; 95% CI: 0.7–10.5; p = .01) were significant predictors of GWV.ConclusionGWW is increased and GWE is decreased in patients with BAV compared with controls, and these changes are related to arterial stiffness. The relationship between aortic PWV and GWW may help to explain the exact mechanism of subclinical myocardial dysfunction in patients with isolated BAV.