bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromocystoscopy in the urological monitoring of patients with cancer of the cervix
Authors: Colombo M. , Vitobello D. , Milani R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To determine whether chromocystoscopy could be used for the urological monitoring of cervical carcinoma. Methods: The absolute ejaculation time (AET, the interval of time between the intravenous injection of dye and the ejaculation of dyed urine in the bladder from either of the ureters) and the relative ejaculation time (RET, the difference of time between the two ejaculations) were retrospectively studied in relation to intravenous urography (IVU) and radionuclide renography (RR) in 141 patients. Results: A significant probability of normal IVU and RR was found when the AET was ≤7 min or the RET ≤4 min and when no interval occurred between the two ejaculations. Pathological IVU and RR were found when there was no ejaculation from one or both ureters after 12 min. Conclusions: Chromocystoscopy could be used for monitoring cervical cancer patients. An abnormal chromocystoscopy could indicate the need for further radiological examinations.
Presidential administrations and the day‐of‐the‐week effect in stock returns
Authors: Liano Kartono , Liano Kadir , Manakyan Herman 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis study examines the presence of a day‐of‐the‐week effect over different presidential administrations. The results indicate that the day‐of‐the‐week effect prevails during the Democratic and Republican administrations. However, the pattern of the day‐of‐the‐week effect differs between the two presidential administrations. Specifically, the negative returns on Monday are more pronounced during the Republican than during the Democratic administrations. Therefore, explanations for the day‐of‐the‐week effect should take into account the changing pattern of the day‐of‐the‐week effect across presidential administrations.
Scale‐Up Studies on a Defined Medium Process for Pilot Plant Production of Illicicolin by Gliocladiumroseum
Authors: Junker B. , Zhang J. , Mann Z. , Reddy J. , Greasham R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIllicicolin was cultivated at the 600‐L pilot scale for purposes of material generation and process development. The initial medium containing oat flour was difficult operationally as a result of excessive foaming during sterilization, so a new defined medium process (with either glucose or sucrose as the carbon source), developed at the 23‐L scale, was scaled up and improved for pilot scale needs. Pilot scale media development efforts focused on exploring the highest concentration of media (1.0× to 3.0×) that could be cultivated at the pilot scale and not be limited by mixing or oxygen mass transfer. The process was scaled up successfully and peak titers improved 7.5‐fold, from about 200 mg/L in the initial complex medium to 1500 mg/L in the final defined medium.
Identification of Affinity Ligands for Protein Purification from Synthetic Chemical Combinatorial Libraries
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Tingyu 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA method to screen combinatorial libraries for the development of selective ligands for protein affinity chromatographic purification is described. The method is based on the application of parallel combinatorial libraries, and it has several potential advantages. The screening procedure is simple and straightforward, and it does not require the chemical derivatization of the target proteins or even that the target protein be pure. The experiment can also be designed to select binders that are less likely to cause protein denaturation. Feasibility of this approach is demonstrated with a model study of the chromatographic purification of bovine albumin serum (BSA) and Avidin.
Targeting Systemically Administered Proteins to Bone by Bisphosphonate Conjugation
Authors: Uludag Hasan , Yang Jennifer 
Published: July 2002

AbstractTo develop a methodology for bone‐specific delivery of proteins, a bone‐seeking aminobisphosphonate (aminoBP) was previously conjugated to a model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The conjugates were shown to exhibit a high affinity to bone in vitro and in vivo. This study was conducted to determine whether the systemic delivery of proteins to bone can be increased by aminoBP conjugation. Two model proteins used for this study were BSA and lysozyme (LYZ). For each protein, an unmodified (i.e., control) and aminoBP‐conjugated protein were 125I‐labeled and injected into rats, and the organ delivery of the proteins were determined. Intravenous (IV) injection of aminoBP‐BSA resulted in a 2.0‐ to 3.7‐fold increased delivery to bones as compared to the control protein in young rats. In osteopenic, ovariectomized rats, aminoBP conjugation enhanced the bone delivery of BSA by 2.2‐ to 7.5‐fold. A 3.7‐ to 5.6‐fold increased delivery was also observed for LYZ after IV injection in normal rats. In addition to IV route of administration, subcutaneous injection was also effective in delivering a higher amount of aminoBP‐conjugated proteins to bone. We conclude that conjugating bone‐seeking aminoBPs to proteins improved their delivery to mineralized tissues. The proposed targeting approach has the potential to improve the efficacy of recombinant proteins capable of stimulating bone formation by enhancing their localization to bones.
Cytomegalovirus infection and non‐neutropenic fever after autologous stem cell transplantation: high rates of reactivation in patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma
Authors: Fassas A. B.‐T. , Bolaños‐Meade J. , Buddharaju L. N. , Rapoport A. , Cottler‐Fox M. , Chen T. , Lovchik J. C. , Cross A. , Tricot G. 
Published: July 2002

In a retrospective study, we examined the association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and non‐neutropenic fever immediately following autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for a variety of haematological malignancies and solid tumours. Sixty non‐neutropenic febrile episodes (41 in CMV‐seropositive and 19 in CMV‐seronegative patients) were evaluated. CMV reactivation, documented by CMV antigenaemia, was detected in 16 out of 41 (39%) seropositive patients compared with 0 out of 19 seronegative patients. In 12 of these 16 patients, CMV infection was considered the sole cause of fever. Thirteen patients had maximum antigenaemia levels > 5 cells/slide. Specific antiviral treatment led to the resolution of the fever in all, but two, patients, who developed fatal CMV pneumonia. Patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma, possibly owing to a combination of disease‐related characteristics and prior immunosuppressive treatment, had high rates of CMV reactivation and may require more frequent diagnostic evaluation and prompt therapeutic intervention.
IgM anti-myeloperoxidase antibody-secreting lymphocytes are present in the peripheral repertoire of lupus mice but rarely differentiate into IgG-producing cells
Authors: Vittecoq O , Brard F , Jovelin F , Le Loet X , Tron F , Gilbert D 
Published: July 2002

SUMMARYTwo IgM, κ anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) monoclonal antibodies, 6D6 and 9B5, bound to MPO in a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were derived from the splenocytes of (NZB × NZW) F1 and MRL/lpr-lpr mice, respectively. 6D6 gave a characteristic perinuclear immunofluorescence staining pattern on ethanol-fixed human neutrophils, bound to the native form of MPO by immunoblotting and had a high constant affinity for MPO as demonstrated by real-time specific interaction. 9B5 produced a cytoplasmic immunofluorescence staining pattern, reacted with the heavy chain of MPO and had a low constant affinity for MPO. The heavy-and light-chain variable region genes of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) 6D6 and 9B5 were sequenced and found to be highly homologous to germline genes and to contain negatively charged amino acids in the complementarity determining regions. IgM MPO-binding activity was observed in most BW and MRL/lpr-lpr mouse sera, which may correspond to polyclonal activation of B cells, whereas IgG anti-MPO antibodies could be rarely detected. Thus, this study indicates that (i) BW and MRL/lpr-lpr mice do not delete IgM anti-MPO secreting B cells, do not maintain these B cells in a state of anergy, but most individuals are not able to spontaneously induce the class-switching of this autoantibody population; (ii) IgM anti-MPO antibodies can recognize different epitopes on MPO and produce different immunofluorescence staining pattern on ethanol-fixed human neutrophils, as demonstrated by the immunochemical properties of the two lupus-mouse derived mAb.
Cervical length and funneling at 23 weeks of gestation in the prediction of spontaneous early preterm delivery
Authors: To M. S. , Skentou C. , Liao A. W. , Cacho A. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectivesTo establish the relationship of cervical length at 23 weeks of gestation to the risk of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks and to determine the possible additional risk if funneling is present.MethodsDuring a 36‐month period, 6819 women with singleton pregnancies underwent transvaginal sonographic cervical assessment at 22–24 weeks as a screening test for preterm delivery. The distribution of cervical length and the prevalence of funneling, defined as dilatation of the internal os of ≥ 5 mm in width, were established. Women who underwent cervical cerclage, iatrogenic preterm delivery or were lost to follow‐up were excluded from further analysis. In the remaining 6334 pregnancies, logistic regression was used to examine the contribution of cervical length and funneling to the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery before 33 weeks.ResultsThe median cervical length was 36 mm and in 1.6% of cases the length was ≤ 15 mm. There was a significant inverse association between cervical length and percentage rate of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks. Funneling of the internal os was present in about 4% of pregnancies and the prevalence decreased with increasing cervical length from 98% when the length was ≤ 15 mm to about 25% for lengths of 16–30 mm and less than 1% at lengths of > 30 mm. The rate of preterm delivery was 6.9% in those with funneling compared to 0.7% in those without funneling (
χ2 = 86.7; P < 0.0001). However, logistic regression analysis demonstrated that funneling did not provide a significant additional contribution to cervical length in the prediction of spontaneous delivery before 33 weeks (odds ratio for short cervix = 24.9, Z = 4.43, P < 0.0001; odds ratio for funneling = 1.8, Z = 0.84, P = 0.40).ConclusionIn the prediction of preterm delivery, funneling does not provide any significant contribution in addition to cervical length. Copyright © 2001 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Die Behandlung der Angle Klasse II mit dem Herbstscharnier unter Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen auf das Kiefergelenk
Authors: Richter F. , Richter U. , Küffer E. , Keil V. 
Published: July 2002

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Behandlung der Klasse-II-Malokklusion mit dem Herbstscharnier unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der posttherapeutischen
Kiefergelenksposition darzustellen.Es sollte das Postulat überprüft werden, ob eine erreichte Klasse-I-Okklusion nach einer 6-8-monatigen Behandlung mit dem Herbstscharnier [ 21] wieder
dieselbe zentrische Kondylenposition zeigt [ 15, 16, 20], wie sie vor der Behandlung im Kiefergelenk vorgelegen hatte. Eine kernspintomographische Untersuchung an 96 Kiefergelenken, die jeweils vor, unmittelbar nach Einsetzen und bei Abnahme des Herbstscharniers stattfand, belegte eindeutig, dass es
keine signifikanten Veränderungen der posttherapeutischen gegenüber der prätherapeutischen Kiefergelenksposition gab.Die Kondylus-Diskus-Fossa-Relation war nach visueller Überprüfung unverändert. Auch die metrischen Werte, die die Breite des anterioren und posterioren Gelenkspaltes betrafen,
ließen statistisch keinerlei signifikante Veränderungen erkennen.Eine Falldokumentation zeigt eine Patientin aus der untersuchten Gruppe, die eine 6-monatige Herbstscharnierbehandlung erfahren hat. Das Ergebnis zeigt eine stabile
Klasse-I-Okklusion, bei posttherapeutisch wiedererlangter zentrischer Kondylenposition. Die Kondylus-Diskus-Fossa-Relation ist unverändert. Eine 1 1/2 Jahre später erfolgte
Überprüfung der Gelenkposition und die Bisssituation belegen die mit der Herbstscharnier-Behandlung erreichte Stabilität. Die vorliegende Arbeit soll der Beweisführung dienen, dass die Behandlung mit dem Herbstscharnier keinen negativen Einfluss auf die Kiefergelenke ausübt.
Die Behandlung der Angle Klasse II mit dem Herbstscharnier unter Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen auf das Kiefergelenk
Authors: Richter U. , Richter F. 
Published: July 2002

Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Veränderung der Kodylenposition bei Patienten mit bestehender Diskusverlagerung zu evaluieren, die mit dem Herbstscharnier im Sinne einer Schienentherapie behandelt
wurden. Außerdem wurde die Häufigkeit der Diskusverlagerung bei einer konsekutiven Gruppe von Patienten der Angle Kl II-Anomalie untersucht. Es zeigte sich, dass bei 13%, in der Altersklasse von
10 bis 18 Jahren eine Diskusverlagerung vorlag.Eine anteriore Diskusverlagerung, partiell oder total, ist verbunden mit einer Abdrängung des Kondylus nach dorsal, in den Bereich der bilaminären Zone, bei Verkleinerung des posterioren
Gelenkspaltes und entsprechender Verbreiterung des anterioren Gelenkspaltes [6, 28].Mit Hilfe des Herbstscharniers (HS), das als rigide Schiene den Kondylus nach kaudal anterior einstellt, sollte es zu einer Entlastung der bilaminären Zone kommen, bei einer Vergrößerung des
posterioren Gelenkspaltes.Auch nach den Remodellierungsvorgängen als Antwort auf die veränderte Kodylenposition während der 6-monatigen HS-Therapie bleibt ein - gegenüber dem Anfangsbefund - vergrößerter posteriorer
Gelenkspalt bestehen und damit eine bleibende Entlastung der bilaminären Zone.Die HS-Behandlung wurde kernspintomographisch überwacht. Es wurden vor HS, nach Einsetzen des HS und vor Abnahme des HS jeweils MRTs angefertigt und ausgewertet [26].Bei einer Gegenüberstellung von Patienten, die a priori ein gesundes KG aufwiesen, mit Patienten, bei denen eine bestehende anteriore Diskusverlagerung diagnostiziert worden war, zeigten sich
signifikante Unterschiede. Die Patienten mit der anfänglichen Diskusverlagerung zeigten am Ende der Behandlung sowohl einen signifikant verkleinerten anterioren als auch einen verbreiterten
posterioren Gelenkspalt.
Molecular dynamics simulations of liquid binary mixtures: Partial properties of mixing and transport coefficients
Authors: Heyes D. M. 
Published: July 2002

Equilibrium molecular dynamics (MD) computer simulations have been used to determine the transport coefficients of model Ar–Kr, Ar–CH4, and CH4–N2 mixtures at a large number of liquid and dense fluid state points for which experimental data are available. Both species in each mixture are represented by single-site Lennard-Jones pair potentials with Lorentz–Berthelot mixing rules for the unlike interactions. Green–Kubo formulas and mean-square displacements are used to calculate the self-diffusion coefficients for each species and mutual-diffusion coefficients. The shear and bulk moduli and viscosities, thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusion coefficient are determined by Green–Kubo in the [NVE] and [NVT] ensembles. The thermotransport coefficients employ a rigorous definition for the heat flux, which includes the partial enthalpy of the two species, used for the first time to compute these transport coefficients. The partial volumes and enthalpies, and chemical potentials for each species, were obtained from separate computations carried out at constant pressure in the [NPT] ensemble.
The simulated density at fixed pressure, shear viscosity, and thermal conductivity of the Ar–Kr mixtures are in excellent agreement with experiment. However, the bulk viscosity shows a significant qualitative difference in the composition and temperature dependence (the latter even in the single component fluids). Agreement with experiment deteriorates as the quasispherical molecules progressively depart from spherical shape. For Ar–CH4 the density (obtained using [NPT] MD) is in good agreement with experiment, whereas the shear viscosity is in progressively poorer agreement with increasing methane content. This is caused by an overestimation of the methane viscosity (∼50% higher than experiment for pure methane). For CH4–N2 there are substantial differences between the simulated quantities and experiment. The average simulated densities are ∼5% higher than experiment over a wide temperature and composition range. The simulated shear viscosity is typically ∼10%–50% higher than experiment. The enthalpy, chemical potential, and shear modulus of the model mixtures are reproduced well using a van der Waals one-fluid model. In this, there is little to distinguish between Enskog’s mixing rules for the model from the simpler mole fraction weighted (‘‘Kay’s’’) mixing rules. The shear viscosity and thermal conductivity are also predicted reasonably well with either model, recognizing the greater statistical uncertainty in the transport coefficients when compared with the thermodynamic averages, even for the pure Lennard-Jones fluid.
A localized orbitals based embedded cluster procedure for modeling chemisorption on large finite clusters and infinitely extended surfaces
Authors: Head John D. , Silva Susil J. 
Published: July 2002

A new embedded cluster procedure for modeling chemisorption on metal surfaces is developed. The procedure is similar in philosophy to the approach used by Whitten and co-workers in that energy calculations are performed in a cluster region basis consisting of localized occupied and virtual orbitals. However, we present a new localization procedure to generate the cluster region functions which is based on orbital occupation numbers determined from the density matrix obtained in a calculation on the extended substrate. Our localization procedure avoids having to perform separate unitary transformations on the canonical occupied and virtual orbitals and as a consequence has the attractive feature of enabling the embedded cluster calculations to be applied to both large finite clusters and infinitely extended systems in essentially the same manner. We illustrate the embedded cluster procedure by performing partial SCF calculations in the cluster region basis for H adsorption at an on-top site of a Li(100) monolayer.
When the extended surface is modeled by large finite clusters, the localized orbitals in the cluster region rapidly converge to being completely occupied or completely empty, and we find partial SCF calculations to readily reproduce the full SCF results of the large finite cluster. For the infinitely extended surface, the occupation numbers for the localized functions in cluster regions converge much more slowly than in the finite case, but even with less than perfect occupation numbers we still obtain good H adsorption properties in the partial SCF calculations. Unlike the finite cluster case where charges are automatically balanced, we found in order to achieve good results in the partial SCF calculations on the infinitely extended systems it was necessary to carefully balance the charges used in the long range electron and nuclear interactions. All of the calculations involving clusters are performed with the GAMESS program and the calculations on the infinite extended surface are performed with the periodic Hartree–Fock CRYSTAL program.
Economic policy and development in Austrian Lombardy, 1815–1859
Authors: Pichler Rupert 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe question of economic integration is not new in Europe. Historically, the birth and construction of nation-states was important in stimulating interest in the systematic relationships between political and economic integration. In the case of the multinational structure of the Habsburg monarchy in the nineteenth century, the result was an economic policy that, for political reasons, aimed to unite the material interests of a state that was completely heterogeneous in other respects. Lombardy was a case in point. Traditionally the region had been in the economic vanguard in central Europe. When it again became part of Austria in 1815 it also became subject to the imperial policy of political integration. As a result its economic priorities were partially reformulated. On the one hand, Austria had a protectionist system aimed at autarky which made incentives to industrial production a priority. Lombardy's purely mercantilist outlook, on the other hand, was based around the production of a few highly specialized goods, most notably silk, for export. Conflict between economic interests in Lombardy was the inevitable result. Nevertheless, the imperial government had to take account of the fact that it was impossible to restrict Lombardy's international trade relations exclusively to the Austrian market. And the problems that beset any effort to tie the Lombard economy into a denser network of relationships with the Austrian market were not due to the political formation of the Italian nation because Northern Italy, and Lombardy in particular, continued to occupy an anomalous position within the context of the Italian economy.
Multi-query sequence BLAST output examination with MuSeqBox
Authors: Xing Liqun , Brendel Volker 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Summary: MuSeqBox is a program to parse BLAST output and store attributes of BLAST hits in tabular form. The user can apply a number of selection criteria to filter out hits with particular attributes. MuSeqBox provides a powerful annotation tool for large sets of query sequences that are simultaneously compared against a database with any of the standard stand-alone or network–client BLAST programs. We discuss such application to the problem of annotation and analysis of EST collections.
Availability: The program was written in standard C++ and is freely available to noncommercial users by request from the authors. The program is also available over the web at http://bioinformatics.iastate.edu/bioinformatics2go/mb/MuSeqBox.html.
Contact: vbrendel@iastate.edu