bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tai chi as an adjunctive therapy for individuals who plateau after vestibular rehabilitation
Authors: Chow K , Lei-Rivera L , Cosetti M K , Kelly J L 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of tai chi on balance in patients with improved but persistent dizziness and imbalance following completion of traditional vestibular rehabilitation therapy.MethodPatients who completed vestibular rehabilitation therapy with persistent imbalance were prospectively enrolled in a tai chi programme comprising eight weekly classes. Balance was assessed before the first and after the eighth session using the Dynamic Gait Index, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale and Dizziness Handicap Inventory.ResultsA total of 37 participants (34 females, 3 males) completed the programme with balance testing. Mean age was 76.8 years (range, 56–91 years). Mean Dynamic Gait Index significantly increased after completion of tai chi (p < 0.00001). Mean Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale score increased from 63.6 to 67.9 per cent (p = 0.046). A subset (n = 18) of patients completed a Dizziness Handicap Inventory without significant post-therapeutic change (p = 0.62). Most (36 of 37; 97.3 per cent) patients demonstrated post-therapy improvement on one or more assessments.ConclusionTai chi is a viable adjunct to improve balance in patients who complete a vestibular rehabilitation therapy programme.
Inverse kinematics strategies for physical human-robot interaction using low-impedance passive link shells
Authors: Beaudoin Jonathan , Laliberté Thierry , Gosselin Clément 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation of the effectiveness of different inverse kinematics strategies in a context of physical human-robot interaction in which passive articulated shells are mounted on the links of a serial robot for manual guidance. The concept of passive link shells is first recalled. Then, inverse kinematics strategies that are designed to plan the trajectory of the robot according to the motion sensed at the link shells are presented and formulated. The different approaches presented all aim at interpreting the motion of the shells and provide an intuitive interaction to the human user. Damped Jacobian based methods are introduced in order to alleviate singularities. A serial 5-dof robot used in previous work is briefly introduced and is used as a test case for the proposed inverse kinematics schemes. The robot includes two link shells for interaction. Simulation results based on the different inverse kinematic strategies are then presented and compared. Finally, general observations and recommendations are discussed.
Dosimetric effects of oral contrast in the planning of conventional radiotherapy and IMRT, for rectal cancer treatment
Authors: Montero-Oleas Nadia , Imbaquingo-Cabrera Andrés , Coloma-Espin Alejandro , Collantes-Cruz Vladimir , Molineros Carlos , Núñez-Silva Cristina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Contrast media are frequently used during radiation therapy simulation. However, there are concerns about dosimetric variations when dose calculation is done on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). This study evaluates the dosimetric effect of oral contrast during three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) planning.

Methods:
Rectal cancer patients were consecutively enrolled. For each patient, one unenhanced CT and one contrast-enhanced CT were taken using oral and intravenous contrast. Then, a 3D-CRT plan and an Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/VMAT plan were generated in the enhanced CT, and the dose distribution was recalculated in the respective unenhanced CT. The beam intensities were kept the same as for the enhanced CT plans. Finally, the unenhanced and enhanced plans were compared by calculating the gamma index.

Results:
For 3D-CRT plans, there were statistically significant differences in second phase planning target volume (PTV) D2% (Mean difference (MD) between unenhanced and enhanced CT 0·01 Gy, 95% CI [0·003 to 0·02 Gy]) and in maximum doses to the bladder (MD 0·26 Gy, 95% CI [0·05 to 0·47 Gy]). For IMRT/VMAT plans, there were statistically significant differences in small intestine V45 Gy (MD 3·1 cc, 95% CI [0·81 to 5·4 cc]), bladder V45 Gy (MD 2·9%, 95% CI [1·4 to 4·3%]) and maximum dose to the bladder (MD 0·65 Gy, 95% CI [0·46 Gy to 0·85 Gy]). In addition, for PTV D98% the MD between unenhanced and enhanced CT was 0·22 Gy 95% CI [0·05 to 0·39].

Conclusions:
For most of the dose metrics, the differences were not clinically meaningful. The greatest differences were found in VMAT plans, especially in V45 Gy of the small intestine. This difference could lead to an underestimation of dose–volume metrics when the plan is based on an enhanced CT. The use of small bowel oral contrast does not significantly influence dose calculations and may not affect the acceptability of plans when adhering to constraints.
Pan-Src kinase inhibitor treatment attenuates diabetic kidney injury via inhibition of Fyn kinase-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Dorotea Debra , Jiang Songling , Pak Eun Seon , Son Jung Beom , Choi Hwan Geun , Ahn Sung-Min , Ha Hunjoo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSrc family kinases (SFKs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis. However, the specific mechanism by which SFKs contribute to the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear. Our preliminary transcriptome analysis suggested that SFK expression was increased in diabetic kidneys and that the expression of Fyn (a member of the SFKs), along with genes related to unfolded protein responses from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway, was upregulated in the tubules of human diabetic kidneys. Thus, we examined whether SFK-induced ER stress is associated with DKD progression. Mouse proximal tubular (mProx24) cells were transfected with Fyn or Lyn siRNA and exposed to high glucose and palmitate (HG-Pal). Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with KF-1607, a novel pan-Src kinase inhibitor (SKI) with low toxicity. The effect of KF-1607 was compared to that of losartan, a standard treatment for patients with DKD. Among the SFK family members, the Fyn and Lyn kinases were upregulated under diabetic stress. HG-Pal induced p70S6 kinase and JNK/CHOP signaling and promoted tubular injury. Fyn knockdown but not Lyn knockdown inhibited this detrimental signaling pathway. In addition, diabetic rats treated with KF-1607 showed improved kidney function and decreased ER stress, inflammation, and fibrosis compared with those treated with losartan. Collectively, these findings indicate that Fyn kinase is a specific member of the SFKs implicated in ER stress activation leading to proximal tubular injury in the diabetic milieu and that pan-SKI treatment attenuates kidney injury in diabetic rats. These data highlight Fyn kinase as a viable target for the development of therapeutic agents for DKD.
Exposure modelling in Europe: how to pave the road for the future as part of the European Exposure Science Strategy 2020–2030
Authors: Schlüter Urs , Meyer Jessica , Ahrens Andreas , Borghi Francesca , Clerc Frédéric , Delmaar Christiaan , Di Guardo Antonio , Dudzina Tatsiana , Fantke Peter , Fransman Wouter , Hahn Stefan , Heussen Henri , Jung Christian , Koivisto Joonas , Koppisch Dorothea , Paini Alicia , Savic Nenad , Spinazzè Andrea , Zare Jeddi Maryam , von Goetz Natalie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExposure models are essential in almost all relevant contexts for exposure science. To address the numerous challenges and gaps that exist, exposure modelling is one of the priority areas of the European Exposure Science Strategy developed by the European Chapter of the International Society of Exposure Science (ISES Europe). A strategy was developed for the priority area of exposure modelling in Europe with four strategic objectives. These objectives are (1) improvement of models and tools, (2) development of new methodologies and support for understudied fields, (3) improvement of model use and (4) regulatory needs for modelling. In a bottom-up approach, exposure modellers from different European countries and institutions who are active in the fields of occupational, population and environmental exposure science pooled their expertise under the umbrella of the ISES Europe Working Group on exposure models. This working group assessed the state-of-the-art of exposure modelling in Europe by developing an inventory of exposure models used in Europe and reviewing the existing literature on pitfalls for exposure modelling, in order to identify crucial modelling-related strategy elements. Decisive actions were defined for ISES Europe stakeholders, including collecting available models and accompanying information in a living document curated and published by ISES Europe, as well as a long-term goal of developing a best-practices handbook. Alongside these actions, recommendations were developed and addressed to stakeholders outside of ISES Europe. Four strategic objectives were identified with an associated action plan and roadmap for the implementation of the European Exposure Science Strategy for exposure modelling. This strategic plan will foster a common understanding of modelling-related methodology, terminology and future research in Europe, and have a broader impact on strategic considerations globally.
CAF08 adjuvant enables single dose protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection in murine newborns
Authors: van Haren Simon D. , Pedersen Gabriel K. , Kumar Azad , Ruckwardt Tracy J. , Moin Syed , Moore Ian N. , Minai Mahnaz , Liu Mark , Pak Jensen , Borriello Francesco , Doss-Gollin Simon , Beijnen Elisabeth M. S. , Ahmed Saima , Helmel Michaela , Andersen Peter , Graham Barney S. , Steen Hanno , Christensen Dennis , Levy Ofer 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children, due in part to their distinct immune system, characterized by impaired induction of Th 1 immunity. Here we show application of cationic adjuvant formulation CAF08, a liposomal vaccine formulation tailored to induce Th 1 immunity in early life via synergistic engagement of Toll-like Receptor 7/8 and the C-type lectin receptor Mincle. We apply quantitative phosphoproteomics to human dendritic cells and reveal a role for Protein Kinase C-δ for enhanced Th1 cytokine production in neonatal dendritic cells and identify signaling events resulting in antigen cross-presentation. In a murine in vivo model a single immunization at birth with CAF08-adjuvanted RSV pre-fusion antigen protects newborn mice from RSV infection by induction of antigen-specific CD8+T-cells and Th1 cells. Overall, we describe a pediatric adjuvant formulation and characterize its mechanism of action providing a promising avenue for development of early life vaccines against RSV and other respiratory viral pathogens.
Coherent helicity-dependent spin-phonon oscillations in the ferromagnetic van der Waals crystal CrI3
Authors: Padmanabhan P. , Buessen F. L. , Tutchton R. , Kwock K. W. C. , Gilinsky S. , Lee M. C. , McGuire M. A. , Singamaneni S. R. , Yarotski D. A. , Paramekanti A. , Zhu J.-X. , Prasankumar R. P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe discovery of two-dimensional systems hosting intrinsic magnetic order represents a seminal addition to the rich landscape of van der Waals materials. CrI3 is an archetypal example, where the interdependence of structure and magnetism, along with strong light-matter interactions, provides a new platform to explore the optical control of magnetic and vibrational degrees of freedom at the nanoscale. However, the nature of magneto-structural coupling on its intrinsic ultrafast timescale remains a crucial open question. Here, we probe magnetic and vibrational dynamics in bulk CrI3 using ultrafast optical spectroscopy, revealing spin-flip scattering-driven demagnetization and strong transient exchange-mediated interactions between lattice vibrations and spin oscillations. The latter yields a coherent spin-coupled phonon mode that is highly sensitive to the driving pulse’s helicity in the magnetically ordered phase. Our results elucidate the nature of ultrafast spin-lattice coupling in CrI3 and highlight its potential for applications requiring high-speed control of magnetism at the nanoscale.
A summary index derived from Kinect to evaluate postural abnormalities severity in Parkinson’s Disease patients
Authors: Hong Ronghua , Zhang Tianyu , Zhang Zhuoyu , Wu Zhuang , Lin Ao , Su Xiaoyun , Jin Yue , Gao Yichen , Peng Kangwen , Li Lixi , Pan Lizhen , Zhi Hongping , Guan Qiang , Jin Lingjing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPostural abnormalities are common disabling motor complications affecting patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). We proposed a summary index for postural abnormalities (IPA) based on Kinect depth camera and explored the clinical value of this indicator. Seventy individuals with PD and thirty age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. All participants were tested using a Kinect-based system with IPA automatically obtained by algorithms. Significant correlations were detected between IPA and the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) total score (rs = 0.369, p = 0.002), MDS-UPDRS-III total score (rs = 0.431, p < 0.001), MDS-UPDRS-III 3.13 score (rs = 0.573, p < 0.001), MDS-UPDRS-III-bradykinesia score (rs = 0.311, p = 0.010), the 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) (rs = 0.272, p = 0.0027) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) score (rs = −0.350, p = 0.006). The optimal cut-off value of IPA for distinguishing PD from HCs was 12.96 with a sensitivity of 97.14%, specificity of 100.00%, area under the curve (AUC) of 0.999 (0.997–1.002, p < 0.001), and adjusted AUC of 0.998 (0.993–1.000, p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off value of IPA for distinguishing between PD with and without postural abnormalities was 20.14 with a sensitivity, specificity, AUC and adjusted AUC of 77.78%, 73.53%, 0.817 (0.720–0.914, p < 0.001), and 0.783 (0.631–0.900, p < 0.001), respectively. IPA was significantly correlated to the clinical manifestations of PD patients, and could reflect the global severity of postural abnormalities in PD with important value in distinguishing PD from HCs and distinguishing PD with postural abnormalities from those without.
Structural insights into auxin recognition and efflux by Arabidopsis PIN1
Authors: Yang Zhisen , Xia Jing , Hong Jingjing , Zhang Chenxi , Wei Hong , Ying Wei , Sun Chunqiao , Sun Lianghanxiao , Mao Yanbo , Gao Yongxiang , Tan Shutang , Friml Jiří , Li Dianfan , Liu Xin , Sun Linfeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolar auxin transport is unique to plants and coordinates their growth and development1,2. The PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transporters exhibit highly asymmetrical localizations at the plasma membrane and drive polar auxin transport3,4; however, their structures and transport mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we report three inward-facing conformation structures of Arabidopsis thaliana PIN1: the apo state, bound to the natural auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and in complex with the polar auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). The transmembrane domain of PIN1 shares a conserved NhaA fold5. In the substrate-bound structure, IAA is coordinated by both hydrophobic stacking and hydrogen bonding. NPA competes with IAA for the same site at the intracellular pocket, but with a much higher affinity. These findings inform our understanding of the substrate recognition and transport mechanisms of PINs and set up a framework for future research on directional auxin transport, one of the most crucial processes underlying plant development.
Correlation of weight and body composition with disease progression rate in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Li Jin-Yue , Sun Xiao-Han , Cai Zheng-Yi , Shen Dong-chao , Yang Xun-Zhe , Liu Ming-Sheng , Cui Li-Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study aims to observe the nutritional status of Chinese patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), further investigating its effect on disease progression. One hundred consecutive newly diagnosed ALS patients and fifty controls were included. Weight and body composition were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis at baseline and follow-ups. The revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) was used to calculate the rate of disease progression. Patients with ALS had a significantly lower BMI than controls, while no significant difference was found in body composition. Weight loss occurred in 66 (66%) and 52 (67.5%) patients at diagnosis and follow-up, respectively. Patients with significant weight loss (≥ 5%) at diagnosis had significantly lower BMI, fat mass (FM), and FM in limbs and trunk than those without. Fat-free mass (FFM), FM, and FM in limbs were significantly decreased along with weight loss at follow-up (p < 0.01). Patients with lower visceral fat index, lower proportion of FM, and higher proportion of muscle mass at baseline progressed rapidly during follow-ups (p < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression showed that FFM and weight at follow-up were independently correlated with disease progression rate at follow-up (p < 0.05). Weight loss is a common feature in ALS patients, along with muscle and fat wasting during the disease course. Body composition may serve as a prognostic factor and provide guidance for nutritional management in ALS patients.
Biodegradation of high molecular weight hydrocarbons under saline condition by halotolerant Bacillus subtilis and its mixed cultures with Pseudomonas species
Authors: Ghorbannezhad Hassan , Moghimi Hamid , Dastgheib Seyed Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiodegradation of high-molecular-weight petroleum hydrocarbons in saline conditions appears to be complicated and requires further investigation. This study used heavy crude oil to enrich petroleum-degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated saline soils. Strain HG 01, with 100% sequence similarity to Bacillussubtilis, grew at a wide range of salinities and degraded 55.5 and 77.2% of 500 mg/l pyrene and 500 mg/l tetracosane, respectively, at 5% w/v NaCl. Additionally, a mixed-culture of HG 01 with Pseudomonasputida and Pseudomonasaeruginosa, named TMC, increased the yield of pyrene, and tetracosane degradation by about 20%. Replacing minimal medium with treated seawater (C/N/P adjusted to 100/10/1) enabled TMC to degrade more than 99% of pyrene and tetracosane, but TMC had lesser degradation in untreated seawater than in minimal medium. Also, the degradation kinetics of pyrene and tetracosane were fitted to a first-order model. Compared to B.subtilis, TMC increased pyrene and tetracosane's removal rate constant (K1) from 0.063 and 0.110 per day to 0.123 and 0.246 per day. TMC also increased the maximum specific growth rate of B.subtilis, P.putida, and P.aeruginosa, respectively, 45% higher in pyrene, 24.5% in tetracosane, and 123.4% and 95.4% higher in pyrene and tetracosane.
Transcriptomic data exploration of consensus genes and molecular mechanisms between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Siyu , Pang Kun , Feng Xinyu , Zeng Yulan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMost current research has focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) alone; however, it is important to understand the complex mechanism of COPD progression to LUAD. This study is the first to explore the unique and jointly molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of COPD and LUAD across several datasets based on a variety of analysis methods. We used weighted correlation network analysis to search hub genes in two datasets from public databases: GSE10072 and GSE76925. We explored the unique and jointly molecular mechanistic signatures of the two diseases in pathogenesis through enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, and therapeutic targets analysis. Finally, the results were confirmed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Fifteen hub genes were identified: GPI, EZH2, EFNA4, CFB, ENO1, SH3PXD2B, SELL, CORIN, MAD2L1, CENPF, TOP2A, ASPM, IGFBP2, CDKN2A, and ELF3. For the first time, SELL, CORIN, GPI, and EFNA4 were found to play a role in the etiology of COPD and LUAD. The LUAD genes identified were primarily involved in the cell cycle and DNA replication processes; COPD genes we found were related to ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, ribosome, and T/B-cell receptor signaling pathways. The tumor microenvironment of LUAD pathogenesis was influenced by CD4 + T cells, type 1 regulatory T cells, and T helper 1 cells. T follicular helper cells, natural killer T cells, and B cells all impact the immunological inflammation in COPD. The results of drug targets analysis suggest that cisplatin and tretinoin, as well as bortezomib and metformin may be potential targeted therapy for patients with COPD combined LUAD. These signatures may be provided a new direction for developing early interventions and treatments to improve the prognosis of COPD and LUAD.
A multi modal approach to microstructure evolution and mechanical response of additive friction stir deposited AZ31B Mg alloy
Authors: Joshi Sameehan S. , Sharma Shashank , Radhakrishnan M. , Pantawane Mangesh V. , Patil Shreyash M. , Jin Yuqi , Yang Teng , Riley Daniel A. , Banerjee Rajarshi , Dahotre Narendra B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCurrent work explored solid-state additive manufacturing of AZ31B-Mg alloy using additive friction stir deposition. Samples with relative densities ≥ 99.4% were additively produced. Spatial and temporal evolution of temperature during additive friction stir deposition was predicted using multi-layer computational process model. Microstructural evolution in the additively fabricated samples was examined using electron back scatter diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Mechanical properties of the additive samples were evaluated by non-destructive effective bulk modulus elastography and destructive uni-axial tensile testing. Additively produced samples experienced evolution of predominantly basal texture on the top surface and a marginal increase in the grain size compared to feed stock. Transmission electron microscopy shed light on fine scale precipitation of Mg$$_{17}$$

17

Al$$_{12}$$

12

within feed stock and additive samples. The fraction of Mg$$_{17}$$

17

Al$$_{12}$$

12

reduced in the additively produced samples compared to feed stock. The bulk dynamic modulus of the additive samples was slightly lower than the feed stock. There was a $$\sim\,$$

∼

30 MPa reduction in 0.2% proof stress and a 10–30 MPa reduction in ultimate tensile strength for the additively produced samples compared to feed stock. The elongation of the additive samples was 4–10% lower than feed stock. Such a property response for additive friction stir deposited AZ31B-Mg alloy was realized through distinct thermokinetics driven multi-scale microstructure evolution.