bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Green Manuring Crops and Fertilizer Doses on Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at Scarce Rainfall Zone of Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Goddumarri Chaitanya Kumar , Reddy U. Vijaya Bhaskar , Babu P. V. Ramesh , Kavitha P. 
Published: July 2022

A field experiment was conducted at Mahanandi, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India during the rabi season of 2021-22 to evaluate the effect of different green manure crops on growth and yield of succeeding chickpea. The field experiment was laid out in split-plot design with four green manure crops viz., cowpea, greengram, horsegram, pillipesara along with one control were grown in situ and incorporated into the soil before sowing of chickpea crops in respective treatments and different levels of fertilizers viz., 25 % RDF (recommended dose of fertilizer), 50 % RDF, 75 % RDF and 100 % RDF were applied to study their interaction effect on growth and yield attributes, nutrient uptake and economics of succeeding chickpea. Growth attributes like plant height (40.7 and 41.2 cm), number of branches plant-1 (26.1 and 27.1), dry matter accumulation (3873 and 3642 kg ha-1) and earlier days to 50 % flowering (53.3 and 53.8 days); grain (876 and 874.6 kg ha-1), haulm (884.3 and 873.2 kg ha-1) yield was found to be highest in the treatment with the incorporation of cowpea as preceding green manure and with the application of 100 % RDF. The treatment was at par with greengram and pillipesara green manuring and with the application of 75 % RDF. Pre green manuring with cowpea and with the application of the 100 % RDF provided enhanced growth and yield parameters in chickpea than leaving the land fallow during summer season.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Pinching on Growth and Yield of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) under Prayagraj Agro Climatic Conditions
Authors: Sushma L. , Prasad V. M. 
Published: July 2022

The experiment has been conducted to determine the activity of plant growth regulators and pinching on the growth and flowering yield of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) in the Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, (UP) during Rabi season 2021-2022, nine treatments were included in this trial viz..., T0 Control, T1 GA3 100 PPM + Pinching, T2 GA3 200 PPM + Pinching, T3 Triacontanol 20 ppm + Pinching, T4 Triacontanol 30 ppm + Pinching, T5 Lihocin 2000 ppm + Pinching, T6 Lihocin 4000 ppm + Pinching, T7 NAA 10 ppm + Pinching and T8 NAA 20 ppm + Pinching, were tested in three replications. The experiment of this design was randomized block design. The results has revealed that GA3 treatments and pinching had significant response on the plant height, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, plant spread per plant, days from bud initiation to harvest, days required for flower appearance from transplanting, number of flowers per plant, flower diameter, fresh and dry flower weight, flower yield per plant, flower yield per plot, and flower yield per hectare. The maximum plant height (76.17cm), number of branches per plant (53.21), plant spread (90.22cm), number of leaves per plant (409.07), flower yield per plant (402.13g/plant), flower yield per plot (1.57kg), and flower yield per hectare (15.67) were recorded in the treatment T2 GA3 200 PPM + Pinching. This treatment showed the best results in vegetative growth and yield production.
Optimal Morphological Criteria Evaluated by Intravascular Ultrasound to Predict Future Clinical Outcomes in the Complex Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Lesions
Authors: Salem Hanan Saad , Mathur Atul , Hamdy Ehab Abdel Wahab , Kassem Hanan Kamel , Salama Mai M. Abdel Moniem , Badr Seham Fahmy 
Published: July 2022

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance of stent implantation can help optimal stent deployment in comparison to angiographic guidance alone. Thus, IVUS guidance might enhance short and long-term clinical outcomes of cases performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The purpose of this work was to investigate the optimal morphological criteria evaluated by IVUS to predict the clinical outcomes in PCI of complex lesions.
Methods: This observational prospective study was carried out on 56 patients who underwent PCI for complex coronary lesions guided by IVUS. All patients were subjected to standard 12- lead electrocardiogram (ECG), routine laboratory examinations [complete blood count (CBC), blood urea and serum creatinine, prothrombin time, and international normalized ratio (INR)], echocardiography, coronary angiography, PCI and IVUS guidance (both pre and post stenting).
Results: 7 of 45 cases with coronary bifurcation lesion (CBL) were treated with a two-stent technique that was planned upfront in 5 of them and was applied as a bail-out strategy in 2 cases. Whereas, in the remaining 38 cases, provisional stenting strategy was adopted and ended up with one-stent technique that went smooth and uneventful as guided and optimized by adjunctive IVUS. Only one patient (2%) had a non-fatal myocardial infarction 4 months post-index procedure. No incidence of other composite endpoint was encountered during the 6 months follow-up period of the study.
Conclusions: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance is associated with favourable procedural and clinical results for cases undergoing complex PCI procedures. This well-established evident role of IVUS in complex PCI procedures is driven mainly by the insights it offers that help better upfront procedural planning in addition to acute procedural result optimization.
Evaluation of Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Garcinia gummi-gutta Linn by HFD with Low Dose STZ Induced Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Rats
Authors: Sivakumar G. , Varghees Solly 
Published: July 2022

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of methanolic leaf extract of Garcinia gummi-gutta Linn. by HFD with low dose STZ induced T2DM on rats.
Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into five groups of six animals, and HFD was induced for 8 weeks. After 4th week of HFD treatment, type-II diabetes was induced by a single dose of 35mg/kg (i.p) STZ, hyperglycemia was confirmed by the elevated levels of blood glucose determined at 72h and the animals with blood glucose concentration (< 250mg/dl) were used for the study. The In vitro anti-diabetic activity was done by the DNS method.
Results: The In vitro anti-diabetic activity by α-amylase inhibition activity by DNS method was very mild as compared to Acarbose and the IC50 value of Acarbose was very low (170.84µg/ml) than MEGG (1989.59µg/ml). However, potent In vivo anti-diabetic activity (P<0.001) was observed after induction HFD with low dose STZ induced T2DM rats at the end of the 8th week, blood sugar level for MEGG high dose (173.40 ± 14.9mg/dl) was found to be almost same as that of standard drug Glibenclamide (164.60 ± 3.21mg/dl) as compared to control (287.90 ± 1.52). The lipid profile of the study showed a marked increase in TC, LDL, TG, and reduction in HDL in HFD with low dose STZ diabetic rats, whereas in MEGG and standard drugs treated by Glibenclamide were found to be substantially decreased and a fair amount of improvement in HDL level (P<0.001). Histologically, focal necrosis was observed in the diabetic rat pancreas whereas on standard and test mild and no evidence of necrosis were observed respectively, similar positive results were found in liver and adipocyte histology for standard and test groups against the HFD with STZ-induced group
Conclusion: Therefore MEGG possesses potent In vivo anti-diabetic effect as well as hypolipidemic effect and therefore MEGG might be a potent phytochemical alternative to prevent and treat T2DM and atherosclerosis and also to reduce its associated complications.
Growing Pains: The Need for Engineered Platforms to Study Growth Plate Biology
Authors: Tiffany Aleczandria S. , Harley Brendan A. C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGrowth plates, or physis, are highly specialized cartilage tissues responsible for longitudinal bone growth in children and adolescents. Chondrocytes that reside in growth plates are organized into three distinct zones essential for proper function. Modeling key features of growth plates may provide an avenue to develop advanced tissue engineering strategies and perspectives for cartilage and bone regenerative medicine applications and a platform to study processes linked to disease progression. In this review, a brief introduction of the growth plates and their role in skeletal development is first provided. Injuries and diseases of the growth plates as well as physiological and pathological mechanisms associated with remodeling and disease progression are discussed. Growth plate biology, namely, its architecture and extracellular matrix organization, resident cell types, and growth factor signaling are then focused. Next, opportunities and challenges for developing 3D biomaterial models to study aspects of growth plate biology and disease in vitro are discussed. Finally, opportunities for increasingly sophisticated in vitro biomaterial models of the growth plate to study spatiotemporal aspects of growth plate remodeling, to investigate multicellular signaling underlying growth plate biology, and to develop platforms that address key roadblocks to in vivo musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications are described.
Liquefied Microcapsules Compartmentalizing Macrophages and Umbilical Cord‐Derived Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Nadine Sara , Fernandes Inês , Patrício Sónia G. , Correia Clara R. , Mano João F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtraordinary capabilities underlie the potential use of immune cells, particularly macrophages, in bone tissue engineering. Indeed, the depletion of macrophages during bone repair often culminates in disease scenarios. Inspired by the native dynamics between immune and skeletal systems, this work proposes a straightforward in vitro method to bioengineer biomimetic bone niches using biological waste. For that, liquefied and semipermeable reservoirs generated by electrohydrodynamic atomization and layer‐by‐layer techniques are developed to coculture umbilical cord‐derived human cells, namely monocyte‐derived macrophages, mesenchymal‐derived stromal cells (MSCs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Poly(ε‐caprolactone) microparticles are also added to the liquefied core to act as cell carriers. The fabricated microcapsules grant the successful development of viable microtissues, ensuring the high diffusion of bioactive factors. Interestingly, macrophages within the bioengineered microcapsules increase the release of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. The cytokines profile variation indicates macrophages' polarization into a prohealing phenotype. Altogether, the incorporation of macrophages within the fabricated microcapsules allows to recreate an appropriate bone microenvironment for developing new bone mineralized microtissues. The proposed bioencapsulation protocol is a powerful self‐regulated system, which might find great applicability in bone tissue engineering based on bottom‐up approaches or disease modeling.
High Macromolecular Crowding in Liposomes from Microfluidics
Authors: Guerzoni Luis P. B. , de Goes André V. C. , Kalacheva Milara , Haduła Jakub , Mork Matthias , De Laporte Laura , Boersma Arnold J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe intracellular environment is crowded with macromolecules that influence biochemical equilibria and biomacromolecule diffusion. The incorporation of such crowding in synthetic cells would be needed to mimic the biochemistry of living cells. However, only a few methods provide crowded artificial cells, moreover providing cells with either heterogeneous size and composition or containing a significant oil fraction. Therefore, a method that generates monodisperse liposomes with minimal oil content and tunable macromolecular crowding using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)‐based microfluidics is presented. Lipid stabilized water‐in‐oil‐in‐water emulsions that are stable for at least several months and with a high macromolecular crowder concentration that can be controlled with the external osmolality are formed. A crucial feature is that the oil phase can be removed using high flow conditions at any point after production, providing the highly crowded liposomes. Genetically encoded macromolecular crowding sensors show that the high level of macromolecular crowding in the emulsions is fully retained throughout the generation of minimal‐oil lipid bilayers. This modular and robust platform will serve the study of biochemistry under physiologically relevant crowding conditions.
Modulation of dynamic aggregation in fluorogenic SNAP‐tag probes for long‐term super‐resolution imaging
Authors: Qiao Qinglong , Liu Wenjuan , Chi Weijie , Chen Jie , Zhou Wei , Xu Ning , Li Jin , Fang Xiangning , Tao Yi , Zhang Yinchan , Chen Yingzhu , Miao Lu , Liu Xiaogang , Xu Zhaochao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe combination of super‐resolution microscopy and synthetic fluorescence probes has emerged as a universal tool to monitor dynamic biological events at the nanometer scale. However, the limited site‐specificity and fluorogenicity of synthetic fluorescent probes make it still difficult to realize long‐term super‐resolution imaging. Herein, we introduce a dynamic aggregation mediated SNAP‐tag fluorogenic probe, BGAN‐Aze, which can specifically bind to various SNAP‐tag fusion proteins with 41‐fold fluorescence enhancement. The equilibrium between the non‐fluorescent aggregate/dimer (A–D) and the fluorescent monomer (M) of BGAN‐Aze acts as an effective method to reduce the fluorescence background and endow BGAN‐Aze with the capability of conducting washing‐free super‐resolution imaging of various intracellular and extracellular proteins. Using this probe, we monitored multiple dynamic biological events, such as MMC, mitophagy, the fusion of nucleolus, and the growth and contact of filopodia. We expect that BGAN‐Aze will become a widely used SNAP‐tag for super‐resolution imaging of dynamic biological events and the A–D–M equilibrium can be a general strategy for designing fluorogenic probes.
sp‐Carbon Incorporated Conductive Metal‐Organic Framework as Photocathode for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhong Haixia , Li Jian , Dominic Anna Maria , Hu Yiming , Gao Zhen , Jiao Yalong , Wu Mingjian , Qi Haoyuan , Huang Chuanhui , Wayment Lacey J. , Kaiser Ute , Spiecker Erdmann , Weidinger Inez M. , Zhang Wei , Feng Xinliang , Dong Renhao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted increasing interest for broad applications in catalysis and gas separation due to their high porosity. However, the insulating feature and the limited active sites hindered MOFs as photocathode active materials for application in photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation. Herein, we develop a layered conductive two‐dimensional conjugated MOF (2D c‐MOF) comprising sp‐carbon active sites based on arylene‐ethynylene macrocycle ligand via CuO4 linking, named as Cu3HHAE2. This sp‐carbon 2D c‐MOF displays apparent semiconducting behavior and broad light absorption till the near‐infrared band (1600 nm). Due to the abundant acetylene units, the Cu3HHAE2 could act as the first case of MOF photocathode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen generation and presents a record hydrogen‐evolution photocurrent density of ≈260 μA cm−2 at 0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode among the structurally‐defined cocatalyst‐free organic photocathodes.
Effect of preparation method on alginate wafer properties
Authors: Man Ernest , Oluwasanmi Adeolu , Lamprou Dimitrios A. , Goudie Kirsty , Liggat John , Hoskins Clare 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe utilization of alginate polymers for wound healing is well explored; however, little attention is paid toward the optimization of the manufacturing process, especially in regards to the final morphological and rheological properties that are imparted to the alginate matrix. This is important as it helps to establish a set of guidelines for the consistent fabrication of mechanically strong polymer wafers, which in the context of manufacturing and production contributes to the reduction in research and development time required. In this study, the order of application with respect to cross‐linking and freeze‐drying parameters has been investigated, which showed to result in distinct differences in terms of their overall morphology and mechanical strength. The application of freeze‐drying before cross‐linking results in the uniform distribution of cross‐links throughout the alginate wafer, thereby producing a mechanically strong polymer wafer that retains the dehydrated matrices original thickness and architecture. Based on the observed data, freeze‐drying prior to cross‐linking facilitates the increased permeation and distribution of the cross‐linker solution into the polymer matrix, thus resulting in the uniform distribution of ionic cross‐links, which is necessary to produce a more mechanically superior polymer matrix.
Decreased sympathetic cardiovascular influences and hormone‐physiological changes in response to Covid‐19‐related adaptations under different learning environments
Authors: Gellisch Morris , Wolf Oliver T. , Minkley Nina , Kirchner Wolfgang H. , Brüne Martin , Brand‐Saberi Beate 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo examine the implications of the transition from face‐to‐face to online learning from a psychobiological perspective, this study investigated potential differences in physiological stress parameters of students engaged in online or face‐to‐face learning and determined whether these can be identified as possible mediators between learning experience and achievement emotions. In a randomized experimental field study, medical students (n = 82) attended either regular face‐to‐face classes of the microscopic anatomy course or the same practical course online using Zoom videoconferencing platform. The present study investigated Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and salivary cortisol concentration as stress correlates, within the contexts of online and face‐to‐face learning and compared these parameters with a control group that was measured at rest. Additionally, participants completed a standardized questionnaire about their experienced emotions in relation to task achievement and subjective stress levels. A significant reduction in HRV was found in face‐to‐face learning, suggesting stronger stress responses in the face‐to‐face learning environment (η2 = 0.421, P < 0.001). Furthermore, participants engaged in face‐to‐face learning showed significantly higher cortisol concentrations (η2 = 0.115, P = 0.032). Additionally, increased sympathetic activation correlated with the discrete positive emotion of enjoyment exclusively within the face‐to‐face condition (r = 0.365, P = 0.043). These results indicate that the transfer of a face‐to‐face practical course in microscopic anatomy to an online learning environment is associated with decreased sympathetic and enhanced vagal cardiovascular influences, together with lower cortisol concentrations in healthy medical students.
TSPAN8 alleviates high glucose‐induced apoptosis and autophagy via targeting mTORC2
Authors: Zhuang Langen , Jin Guoxi , Hu Xiaolei , Yang Qingqing , Pei Xiaoyan , Zhao Wendi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTSPAN8 mediates signal transduction from extracellular cues and regulates cell development, activation, growth, and motility. However, whether TSPAN8 is involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential functional roles of TSPAN8 in regulating autophagy and apoptosis of HK‐2 cells induced by high glucose (HG). RT‐PCR and western blot analysis (WB) were employed to detect TSPAN8 levels in the blood samples of DN patients as well as in HG‐induced HK‐2 cells. Cell proliferation of HK‐2 cells was examined by CCK‐8 assay, and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. The functional role of TSPAN8 was evaluated by the transfection of TSPAN8 expression plasmid. Results showed that TSPAN8 level was significantly reduced in the blood samples of DN patients and HG‐induced HK‐2 cell lines. TSPAN8 overexpression rescued HG‐induced apoptosis in HK‐2 cells. TSPAN8 could form a complex with Rictor and mTORC2. TSPAN8 overexpression suppressed HG‐induced autophagy in HK‐2 cells, which was dependent on mTOR activity. In conclusion, the present study showed that TSPAN8 mitigates HG‐induced autophagy and apoptosis in HK‐2 cells, which may serve as candidate target for DN treatment.
Chemistry of wheat gluten proteins: Quantitative composition
Authors: Wieser Herbert , Koehler Peter , Scherf Katharina A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWheat is essential to secure nutrition for the world's population. Its unique processing properties are largely determined by gluten protein content and composition.FindingsGluten proteins are subdivided into gluten protein types, α‐, γ‐, ω1,2‐, and ω5‐gliadins and high‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits and low‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits. The overall content and relative proportions of these types vary considerably depending on different genetic and environmental factors and mutual interactions.ConclusionThis review summarizes the latest developments related to the chemistry of gluten and how species and variety, as well as soil type, weather conditions, atmospheric CO2 concentration, diseases, and fertilization with nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, and other minerals affect wheat gluten protein composition.Significance and NoveltySignificant progress has been made to study the effect of different factors on gluten composition. However, comparisons between studies are almost impossible, because of the huge variability in experimental setups, environmental conditions and varieties studied. This calls for a need to develop common guidelines on how to set up experiments, on which parameters to investigate and on which procedure to use to improve comparability and reproducibility of the results.
Mechanochemical Pd‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Arylhalides and Organozinc Pivalates
Authors: Čarný Tomáš , Peňaška Tibor , Andrejčák Samuel , Šebesta Radovan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCross‐coupling reactions are essential tools in target molecule synthesis. However, the use of highly reactive organometallic reagents limits their applicability. Here, we present a mechanochemical Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction between aryl halides and organozinc pivalates that can be carried out under ambient temperature and atmosphere. This operationally simple procedure affords a wide range of biaryl and aryl‐heteroaryl derivatives in high yields and short times. The reaction tolerates various functional groups and can be realized on a synthetically useful scale. Its practical value was demonstrated in the short synthesis of the pharmaceutical diflunisal.