bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s knowledge of the legality of abortion and other determinants of abortion safety among women in Ghana: An Analysis of 2007 and 2017 Maternal Health Surveys
Authors: Klu Desmond 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Regardless of the existence of legal abortion services in Ghana, unsafe abortion remains a major health issue affecting the sexual and reproductive life of women. This study therefore examines the predictors of abortion safety among women in Ghana by comparing two different rounds of surveys.Methods: The study used data from the 2007 and 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Surveys. A weighted sample of 552 (2007) and 1,880 (2017) women aged 15-49 whose activities related to their most recent induced abortion were selected. This study, however, limits the analysis to a subpopulation of women who terminated a pregnancy between 2002 and 2007 and 2012 and 2017. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to show the relationship between abortion safety and knowledge of legality of abortion. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.Results: The study found that there has been an increase in the proportion of women who know about the legality of abortion under some conditions in Ghana from 6.2% in 2007 to 10.7% in 2017. Again, the likelihood of unsafe abortion practices was high among women who had knowledge of legality of abortion in 2017 (AOR=1.85, C.I:1.21-2.82) but not in 2007. Women who had secondary or higher education in 2007 (AOR=0.40, C. I: 0.19-0.84) and 2017 (AOR=0.44, C.I:0.30-0.64), who were married in 2017 (AOR=0.70, C. I: 0.51-0.97) had lower odds of engaging in unsafe abortion practices. Similarly, women residing in urban areas in 2007 (AOR=0.29, C.I: 0.19-0.44) and 2017 (AOR=0.68, C.I: 0.54-0.85) and residing in the northern zone (AOR=0.10, C.: 0.01-0.98) were less likely to practice unsafe abortion. Again, partners of women who had favourable attitudes towards abortion in 2007 (AOR=0.38, C.I:0.23-0.65) and 2017 (AOR=0.62, C.I:0.47-0.81) were less likely to have unsafe abortion.Conclusion: Increasing knowledge of legal status on abortion among women corresponded with a decrease in safe abortion practices over the decade (2007-2017), as the results suggest has implications for poor reproductive health outcomes and increased maternal mortality among women in Ghana. Factors likely to encourage unsafe abortion practices should be addressed to improve the safe sexual and reproductive health of women.
Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Differential Cell Subpopulations and Distinct Phenotype Transition in Normal and Dissected Ascending Aorta
Authors: He Yu-bin , Jin Hai-zhen , Wang Chong , Zhang Guan-xin , Ma Wen-rui , Zhang Jian-feng , Xing Jie , Zhang Xiao-bin , Zhang Yang-yang , Dai Huang-dong , Zhao Nai-shi , Zhu Dan , Zhang Jing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute thoracic aortic dissection (ATAD) is a fatal condition characterized by tear of intima, formation of false lumen and rupture of aorta. However, the subpopulations of normal and dissected aorta remain less studied.
Methods
Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed including 5 patients with ATAD and 4 healthy controls. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to verify the findings.
Results
We got 8 cell types from human ascending aorta and identified 50 subpopulations including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages. Six transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 4 metalloreductase (STEAP4) was identified as a new marker of synthetic VSMCs. CytoTRACE identified subpopulations with higher differentiation potential in specified cell types including synthetic VSMCs, enolase 1+ fibroblasts and myeloid-derived neutrophils. Synthetic VSMCs-derived C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) might interact with neutrophils and fibroblasts via C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), respectively, which might recruit neutrophils and induce transdifferentitation of fibroblasts into synthetic VSMCs.
Conclusion
We characterized signatures of different cell types in normal and dissected human ascending aorta and identified a new marker for isolation of synthetic VSMCs. Moreover, we proposed a potential mechanism that synthetic VSMCs might interact with neutrophils and fibroblasts via CXCL12-CXCR4/ACKR3 axis whereby deteriorating the progression of ATAD, which might provide new insights to better understand the development and progression of ATAD.
Heteroployacid stabilized on the composite of boehmite and polyionic liquid as a versatile catalyst for alcohol oxidation and tandem alcohol oxidation /Knoevenagel condensation reactions
Authors: Abedian-Dehaghani Neda , Sadjadi Samahe , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Using boehmite as an available and low-cost natural compound, a bi-functional catalytic composite is prepared through vinyl-functionalization of boehmite, followed by polymerization with the as-prepared bis-vinylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid and supporting of phosphotungstic acid. The catalyst was characterized via ICP, XRD, TGA, FTIR, SEM/EDS and elemental mapping analysis and applied for promoting alcohol oxidation reaction and one-pot tandem alcohol oxidation /Knoevenagel condensation reaction in aqueous media under mild reaction condition. The results indicated high catalytic activity of the catalyst for both reactions. This protocol showed high generality and aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic alcohols could be applied as substrates to furnish the corresponding products in high to excellent yields. Furthermore, hot filtration test confirmed true heterogeneous nature of the catalysis. The catalyst could also be recovered readily and reused for at least five runs of the reaction with low loss of the activity and phosphotungstic acid leaching upon each run.
The Effectiveness of Stroke Awareness Campaign in Promoting Knowledge on Stroke Among the Public in Malaysia
Authors: Bidin Mohammad Zulkarnain , Loh Wei Chao , Baharin Janudin , Rashid Anna Misya'il Abdul , Ibrahim Azliza , Hoo Fan Kee , Devaraj Navin Kumar , Ching Siew Mooi , Mat Liyana Najwa Inche , Sulaiman Wan Aliaa Wan , Basri Hamidon , Khan Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives: Despite the advancement in managing acute ischemic stroke, the global burden would not be reduced without extensive public health efforts to raise awareness among the public. Moreover, the lack of knowledge and healthcare-seeking practice among the public in developing nations proved to be a hindrance in combating stroke. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of stroke awareness campaigns in raising stroke awareness based on knowledge of stroke recognition, actions to be taken during stroke, and a healthcare-seeking attitude among the public in Malaysia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of adults aged 18 and above attending media-driven health promotion initiatives i.e., ResQ Stroke Campaign (RSC) in conjunction with World Stroke Month 2021 in Malaysia. One hundred and seventy-one consented respondents have agreed to complete the pre and post questionnaire on knowledge, action and attitude with regards to stroke. Results: In terms of knowledge, post-RSC respondents were more likely to recognize FAST up to 80 % increase compared to pre-RSC respondents. While, in terms of action, calling for an ambulance or going to the nearest hospital within 4.5 hours on the same day were the main action in response to stroke. However, although three-quarters of respondents indicated they would call emergency medical services, still a substantial number of respondents indicated they would seek medical help using non-emergency means. Conclusions: There is an improvement in knowledge, action and attitude towards stroke after our median driven RSC. However, continuous campaigns are needed to maintain public awareness of stroke symptoms and appropriate action.
A high strength-ductility balanced Mg-1Ca-0.5Mn-0.53Ce Mg alloy sheet by multi-pass lowered-temperature rolling
Authors: Fan Qin-hong , Jia Yong-yong , Hou Yao-jie , Cai Zhi-hui , Ma Li-feng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We elucidate here the influence of the rolling process on the microstructure and tensile properties of Mg-1Ca-0.5Mn-0.53Ce alloy. Intriguingly, the alloy subjected to 5-pass lowered-temperature rolling exhibited an excellent strength-ductility balance (ultimate tensile strength (UTS) = 261.4 MPa and elongation (EL) = 20%), which was far better than the one subjected to 4-pass low temperature rolling (UTS = 218.3 MPa and EL = 4.3%). The coarse Mg2Ca particles in the 4-pass sample led to the local stress concentration, with consequent initiation of micro-cracks at the early deformation stage. In contrast, the microstructure of the 5-pass sample characterized by homogeneous ultra-fine grain, double peak texture, and refined precipitates contributed to the superior tensile properties.
Presentation and Outcomes of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplications
Authors: Eminoğlu Levent 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Our study aimed to review the presentation and outcomes of LFNF in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Study Design: Descriptive study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Florance Nigthengele Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey from January 2011 and August 2021.Methodology: A total of 1840 (990 Female, 850 Male) patients underwent LFNF for GERD. Data including age, gender, coexisting diseases, presenting symptoms, duration of symptoms, time of surgery, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and perioperative mortality were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age was 42,11∓0,31 years. Heartburn, regurgitation, hoarseness and cough were common presenting symptoms. The mean symptom duration was 5.93∓0.25 months. Reflux episodes > 5 min was 4.09 ± 3. De Meester's score of the patients was measured as 32 ± 17.8. The mean preoperative lower esophagus sphincter (LES) pressure was 9,2 ± 1.4 mmHg and the mean postoperative LES pressure was 14.3±2.41mm Hg. The intraoperative complication rate was 1% and postoperative complication rate was 1.6%. There was no mortality due to LFNF intervention.Conclusion: As an anti-reflux procedure, LFNF is a safe and reliable option for patients with GERD.
Is ethnicity associated with the CVD risk factors and body fat pattern of postmenopausal women?- A comparative study between Hindu caste and Lodha tribal populations
Authors: ROY SUBHO , Kar Debasmita 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Loss in ovarian function during mid-life results in adverse changes in cardiovascular profile of women. The strength of the association between CVD risk factors and menopause differ by ethnicity since several modifiable factors play significant roles in explaining CVD mortality than differences in endogenous estrogen. India, despite being a multiethnic country, the ethnic difference in body fat pattern and CVD risk factors among postmenopausal women has been less explored. Thus, we intended to study the effect of ethnicity in determining the CVD risk factors and body fat pattern among postmenopausal women belonging to rural and urban Hindu caste and rural Lodha tribal populations. The Lodha tribal populations is considered as Particularly Vulnerable Group (PVTG) in this country.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among the Bengali Hindu caste and Lodha tribal populations of the State of West Bengal, India covering three districts namely Howrah, Jhargram and East Midnapure. A total number of 197 postmenopausal participants have been recruited for this study (urban caste 69, rural caste 65 and rural Lodha 63). Data on blood sugar and total cholesterol levels, blood pressure, bone mass, muscle mass, body fat distribution and sociodemographic, reproductive and menstrual history and lifestyle variables were collected following standard protocols.
Results
Results of MANCOVA shows that ethnicity significantly predicted all the body fat measures and CVD risk factors (except total cholesterol level), after controlling the effects of covariates (age, lifestyle, socio-demographic and reproductive factors).
Conclusion
The participants of Hindu caste group showed higher incidence of central obesity, while the Lodha tribal group showed higher incidence of hypertension. The caste and tribal population differed significantly in body fat pattern and CVD risk factors and the concomitants to these problems suggesting the interplay between menopause and ethnicity in explaining CVD risk factors during mid-life.
Improvement of the differentiation potential of pluripotent stem cells by optimizing culture conditions
Authors: Yamamoto Takako , Arita Mao , Kawamata Shin , Suzuki Takashi , Kuroda Hirotaka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Embryoid cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) retain both differentiation and self-renewal potential. However, the differentiation potential of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be changed by the culture medium. PSCs retain their differentiation potential when cultured with medium that supports the glycolytic pathway, but lose differentiation potential when cultured with medium that supports mitochondrial function. The genetic labeling of cells in culture and the profiling of copy number variants revealed a population of PSCs with differentiation potential was genetically different from populations without, suggesting that cells with differentiation potential can be selectively cultured by the selection of medium. The self-renewal potential of PSCs that form colonies to grow is challenged by the spontaneous differentiation that continuously and inevitably occurs along the rim of colonies in areas that lack cell-to-cell contact, that means reducing the proportion of undifferentiated cells in culture, if differentiated cells were not removed properly. Seeding cells on a less-potent cell-binding material would minimize the inclusion of differentiated cells, exploiting the reduced adhesive properties of differentiated cells. Our study would serve to improve differentiation potential of already established PSCs, especially iPSC clones with a diverse genetic background and set up standardization of PSCs.
Morphology and structure evolution of multilayered Ge/Si quantum dots grown by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Shu Qijiang , Zhang Xicheng , Yang Linjing , Ye Donghai , Yang Li , Liu Hongxing , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We prepared multilayered Si-based Ge quantum dots (Ge/Si QDs) by using magnetron sputtering technique and reported the corresponding morphology evolution. The increased temperature can improve the Si-isolated-layer crystallinity and Ge atom mobility to increase the density, size and spatial distribution uniformity of top-layer QDs. The morphology and vertical correlation between layers of QDs at different temperatures exhibited different phenomena or laws, and had been explained in this work, which made it possible to control the quality of multilayer QDs more effectively in the high-rate growth, and laid a foundation for the industrial production of active layers of optoelectronic devices.
Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders among Dental Students in Syria
Authors: Asaad Suja Al , Torbey André , Asaad Heba Al , Alhouri Ahmad Nabil , Alzabibi Mhd Amin , Shibani Mosa , Kadri Saeed , Ali Isam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aim: To assess the prevalence and possible causes of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in dental students in Syria.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire built on the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire on dental students in four universities in Syria using convenience sampling.Results: A total of 1993 students were included in the study. 1659 (83.3%) of whom were in clinical years. The neck and lower back were the most affected regions. A statistical significance correlated higher prevalence of trouble in most body parts during the last 12 months with low quality of lighting of the clinic, low quality of equipment, mobility problems between dental and radiology clinics, long use of vibrating tools, uncomfortable working positions, keeping a static position for a prolonged period, and longer working hours.Conclusion: The WRMSDs are affecting dentists from the early stages of their clinical career as dental students. Providing detailed ergonomics knowledge and better equipment is essential for early prevention.
The Impact of Mass Young Adult Crowding During Carnival on the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Influenza a Epidemic: A Multi-Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Sotiropoulos Christos , Loulelis Vasileios , Mastorakou Anna , Adamopoulou Eleni , Kortesas Theoharis , Dimitropoulou Aimilia , Blika Eleni , Papadimitriou-Olivgeri Ioanna , Binenbaum Ilona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective We investigated the impact of the indoor mass-gathering of young people during the Patras carnival (Greece) on the course of COVID-19 pandemic and Influenza A epidemic. Material and Methods For influenza A, we tested 331 people with high fever (> 38°C) who came in five private laboratories in a two-week period after the carnival, via rapid test. 188 of them were young adults (17-35 years old), all unvaccinated against Influenza A, but all immune to SARS CoV-2, but all immune to SARS CoV-2. For SARS CoV-2 pandemic, we tested 2062 people in a two-week period before and after carnival, also via rapid test. Additionally, we examined 42 samples positive for Influenza A and 51 samples positive for SARS CoV-2 for the possibility of co-infection, via molecular test (RT-PCR). Results : 177/331 people were positive for Influenza A. 109/177 positive people were young adults, in which 93/109 came on the first week after the carnival. Additionally, 42 samples of those patients were molecularly tested and 5 were found negative for Influenza A, but positive for SARS CoV-2. Regarding the SARS CoV-2 pandemic, the increase of positivity index for young adults between the pre-carnival and post-carnival period, were moderate. Discussion Our study indicated that the indoor mass-gathering of young people during the carnival contributed to the outbreak of Influenza A epidemic and had a moderate impact on the course of SARS CoV-2 pandemic, strengthening the crucial role of vaccination against the epidemic waves. It also showed the need of use of high quality rapid tests for their management.
Lenvatinib for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma - a real-world multicentre Australian cohort study
Authors: Patwala Kurvi , Prince David Stephen , Celermajer Yael , Alam Waafiqa , Paul Eldho , Strasser Simone Irene , McCaughan Geoffrey William , Gow Paul , Sood Siddharth , Murphy Elise , Roberts Stuart , Freeman Elliot , Stratton Elizabeth , Davison Scott Anthony , Levy Miriam Tania , Clark-Dickson McCawley , Nguyen Vi , Bell Sally , Nicoll Amanda , Bloom Ashley , Lee Alice Unah , Ryan Marno , Howell Jessica , Valaydon Zina , Mack Alexandra , Liu Ken , Dev Anouk 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious complication of chronic liver disease. Lenvatinib is an oral multikinase inhibitor registered to treat advanced HCC. This study evaluates the real-world experience with lenvatinib in Australia.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients treated with lenvatinib for advanced HCC between July 2018 and November 2020 at eleven Australian tertiary centres. Baseline demographic data, tumour characteristics, lenvatinib dosing, adverse events (AEs) and clinical outcomes were collected. Overall survival (OS) was the primary outcome. Progression free survival (PFS) and AEs were secondary outcomes.Results: A total of 155 patients were included and were predominantly male (90.7%) with a median age of 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 59-75). The main causes of chronic liver disease were hepatitis C infection (40.0%) and alcohol-related liver disease (34.2). Median OS and PFS were 7.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.8-14.0) and 5.3 months (95% CI: 2.8- 9.2) respectively. Multivariate predictors of mortality were the need for dose reduction due to AEs (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.41, p<0.01), new or worsening hypertension (HR 0.42, p<0.01), diarrhoea (HR 0.47, p=0.04) and more advanced BCLC stage (HR 2.50, p=0.04). Multivariable predictors of disease progression were higher Child-Pugh score (HR 1.25, p=0.04), the need for a dose reduction (HR 0.45, p<0.01) and age (HR 0.96, P <0.001). AEs occurred in 83.9% of patients with most being mild (71.6%).Conclusions:Lenvatinib remains safe and effective in real-world use. Treatment emergent diarrhoea and hypertension, and the need for dose reduction appear to predict better OS.
Achieving superlubricity of ricinoleic acid in the steel/Si3N4 contact under boundary lubrication
Authors: Long Yun , Martin Jean Michel , Dubreuil Frederic , Bouchet Maria-Isabel De Barros 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To improve fuel efficiency and minimize environmental pollution, the interest in organic friction modifiers has resurged, especially fatty acids. Efforts have been made to enhance fatty acids’ performance by tuning their saturation state and adding OH lateral groups in the alkyl chain. Here we compared lubrication properties in the boundary regime for oleic acid (OA), ricinoleic acid (RA), and linoleic acid (LA) under the same viscosity for a steel/Si3N4 tribopair. The presence of the OH group in the OA chain reduces not only friction coefficient (CoF) by ~ 70% but also prevents scratches from generating on both surfaces. In the meantime, it determines local friction distribution by controlling top surface terminations. Even at 100°C, the steady-state friction coefficient of steel/Si3N4 lubricated by RA is only 0.014. A temperature decrease to 80°C leads to a superlubricity regime (CoF < 0.01) resulting from the cooperation of nanometer-thick liquid film (possibly containing water) and low friction of contact asperities terminated by OH hydroxyl groups provided by RA. In summary, steel/Si3N4 contact lubricated by ricinoleic acid gives unsurpassed tribological performances reaching superlubricity under a wide range of operating conditions.
Predicting rainfall from IRNSS-retrieved precipitable water and surface meteorological elements
Authors: Jaiswal Rajasri Sen , Lakshmi K Thirumala 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the authors have investigated a few surface meteorological elements, namely surface temperature (ST), surface pressure (SP), relative humidity (RH), and the integrated precipitable water vapor (IPWV) to predict the occurrence of rainfall over a few locations in India, viz. Bhubaneswar, Gadanki, Goa, Kanakapura, and Kolkata. They have obtained the surface temperature, surface pressure, and relative humidity over these locations from the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). They have estimated the precipitable water over these locations using the tropospheric slant delay (TSD) obtained from the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). The results show that it is possible to predict the onset of rainfall based on these meteorological elements. The study shows the maximum rainfall in a month mostly follows after the relative humidity reaches its maximum. The study also reveals that these meteorological elements show gradual variations when rainfall intensity varies from very low to extreme category. Besides, the investigation of the several pairs of rainy and non-rainy days reveals that these elements show peculiar characteristics that lead to rainfall. The geography and season influence the relationship between rainfall and surface meteorological elements. Besides, the mutual relationship between these elements also affects the relationship between rainfall and a particular element. The investigation shows that the integrated precipitable water depends on latitude, while the relative humidity increases as the proximity to the sea increases. The paper presents functional relationships of rainfall with surface temperature (ST), surface pressure (SP), relative humidity (RH), integrated precipitable water vapor (IPWV), and total solar irradiance (TSI).