bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A unifying physically meaningful relativistic action
Authors: Friedman Yaakov 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe motion of an object under the influence of force fields and/or media is described by means of a world-line with least action in its influenced spacetime. For any spacetime point x and a four-vector u, measured in the frame of an inertial observer, a unifying and physically meaningful action function L(x, u) generating the action is defined. To ensure independence of the observer and of the parametrization on the world-line, L(x, u) must be Lorentz invariant and positive homogeneous of order 1 in u. The simplest such L(x, u) depends on two four-potentials. In most cases, these potentials can be defined directly from the sources of the fields without the need for field equations. The unified dynamics equation resulting from this action, properly describes the motion in any electromagnetic field, in any static gravitational field, in a combined electromagnetic and gravitational field, as well as the propagation of light and charges in isotropic media.
Individuals of high socioeconomic status are altruistic in sharing money but egoistic in sharing time
Authors: Liebe Ulf , Schwitter Nicole , Tutić Andreas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe questions of whether and how socioeconomic status (SES) predicts prosocial behavior have sparked an interest from different disciplines, yet experimental evidence is inconclusive. We embedded two types of dictator games in a web survey with 7772 participants from Germany, Poland, Sweden, and the US. Each participant was asked to split a sum of money and a fixed amount of time between themself and a recipient. While higher-SES individuals are more generous than lower-SES individuals in the money game, they are more egoistic in the time game. In addition, the SES of the recipient matters more in the money game than in the time game. These results point towards the relevancy of a situationally contingent social norm of redistribution in studying the relationship between SES and prosocial behavior.
A hands-free stool sampling system for monitoring intestinal health and disease
Authors: Grego Sonia , Welling Claire M. , Miller Graham H. , Coggan Peter F. , Sellgren Katelyn L. , Hawkins Brian T. , Ginsburg Geoffrey S. , Ruiz Jose R. , Fisher Deborah A. , Stoner Brian R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnalysis of stool offers simple, non-invasive monitoring for many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases and access to the gut microbiome, however adherence to stool sampling protocols remains a major challenge because of the prevalent dislike of handling one’s feces. We present a technology that enables individual stool specimen collection from toilet wastewater for fecal protein and molecular assay. Human stool specimens and a benchtop test platform integrated with a commercial toilet were used to demonstrate reliable specimen collection over a wide range of stool consistencies by solid/liquid separation followed by spray-erosion. The obtained fecal suspensions were used to perform occult blood tests for GI cancer screening and for microbiome 16S rRNA analysis. Using occult blood home test kits, we found overall 90% agreement with standard sampling, 96% sensitivity and 86% specificity. Microbiome analysis revealed no significant difference in within-sample species diversity compared to standard sampling and specimen cross-contamination was below the detection limit of the assay. Furthermore, we report on the use of an analogue turbidity sensor to assess in real time loose stools for tracking of diarrhea. Implementation of this technology in residential settings will improve the quality of GI healthcare by facilitating increased adherence to routine stool monitoring.
A unique antigen against SARS-CoV-2, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Rahbar Mohammad Reza , Mubarak Shaden M. H. , Hessami Anahita , Khalesi Bahman , Pourzardosht Navid , Khalili Saeed , Zanoos Kobra Ahmadi , Jahangiri Abolfazl 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe recent outbreak of COVID-19 has increased hospital admissions, which could elevate the risk of nosocomial infections, such asA. baumanniiandP. aeruginosainfections. Although effective vaccines have been developed against SARS-CoV-2, no approved treatment option is still available against antimicrobial-resistant strains ofA. baumanniiandP. aeruginosa.In the current study, an all-in-one antigen was designed based on an innovative, state-of-the-art strategy. In this regard, experimentally validated linear epitopes of spike protein (SARS-CoV-2), OmpA (A. baumannii), and OprF (P. aeruginosa) were selected to be harbored by mature OmpA as a scaffold. The selected epitopes were used to replace the loops and turns of the barrel domain in OmpA; OprF311–341replaced the most similar sequence within the OmpA, and three validated epitopes of OmpA were retained intact. The obtained antigen encompasses five antigenic peptides of spike protein, which are involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity. One of these epitopes, viz. QTQTNSPRRARSV could trigger antibodies preventing super-antigenic characteristics of spike and alleviating probable autoimmune responses. The designed antigen could raise antibodies neutralizing emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 since at least two epitopes are consensus. In conclusion, the designed antigen is expected to raise protective antibodies against SARS-CoV-2,A. baumannii,andP. aeruginosa.
Classification of the plant-associated lifestyle of Pseudomonas strains using genome properties and machine learning
Authors: Poncheewin Wasin , van Diepeningen Anne D. , van der Lee Theo A. J. , Suarez-Diez Maria , Schaap Peter J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe rhizosphere, the region of soil surrounding roots of plants, is colonized by a unique population of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Many important PGPR as well as plant pathogens belong to the genus Pseudomonas. There is, however, uncertainty on the divide between beneficial and pathogenic strains as previously thought to be signifying genomic features have limited power to separate these strains. Here we used the Genome properties (GP) common biological pathways annotation system and Machine Learning (ML) to establish the relationship between the genome wide GP composition and the plant-associated lifestyle of 91 Pseudomonas strains isolated from the rhizosphere and the phyllosphere representing both plant-associated phenotypes. GP enrichment analysis, Random Forest model fitting and feature selection revealed 28 discriminating features. A test set of 75 new strains confirmed the importance of the selected features for classification. The results suggest that GP annotations provide a promising computational tool to better classify the plant-associated lifestyle.
Acute kidney injury secondary to urinary tract infection in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Królicki Tomasz , Bardowska Klaudia , Kudla Tobiasz , Królicka Anna , Letachowicz Krzysztof , Mazanowska Oktawia , Krajewski Wojciech , Poznański Paweł , Krajewska Magdalena , Kamińska Dorota 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) is a common, yet poorly investigated, complication of urinary tract infections (UTI) and urosepsis. A retrospective comparative analysis was performed, recruiting 101 KTRs with urosepsis, 100 KTRs with UTI, and 100 KTRs without history of UTI or sepsis. The incidences of AKI in the urosepsis and UTI groups were 75.2% and 41%, respectively. The urosepsis group has also presented with a significantly higher prevalence of AKI stage 2 and 3 than the UTI group. The rates of recovery from AKI stages 1, 2 and 3, were 75,6%, 55% and 26.1%, respectively. Factors independently associated with renal recovery from AKI were: AKI severity grade (AKI stage 2 with OR = 0.25 and AKI stage 3 with OR = 0.1), transfusion of red blood cells (RBC) (OR = 0.22), and the use of steroid bolus in the acute phase of treatment (OR = 4). The septic status (urosepsis vs UTI) did not influence the rates of renal recovery from AKI after adjustment for the remaining variables. The dominant cause of RBC transfusions in the whole population was upper GI-bleeding. In multivariable analyses, the occurrence of AKI was also independently associated with a greater decline of eGFR at 1-year post-discharge and with a greater risk of graft loss. In KTRs with both urosepsis and UTI, the occurrence of AKI portends poor transplantation outcomes. The local transfusion policy, modulation of immunosuppression and stress ulcer prophylaxis (which is not routinely administered in KTRs) in the acute setting may be modifiable factors that significantly impact long-term transplantation outcomes.
TAS-Seq is a robust and sensitive amplification method for bead-based scRNA-seq
Authors: Shichino Shigeyuki , Ueha Satoshi , Hashimoto Shinichi , Ogawa Tatsuro , Aoki Hiroyasu , Wu Bin , Chen Chang-Yu , Kitabatake Masahiro , Ouji-Sageshima Noriko , Sawabata Noriyoshi , Kawaguchi Takeshi , Okayama Toshitugu , Sugihara Eiji , Hontsu Shigeto , Ito Toshihiro , Iwata Yasunori , Wada Takashi , Ikeo Kazuho , Sato Taka-Aki , Matsushima Kouji 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is valuable for analyzing cellular heterogeneity. Cell composition accuracy is critical for analyzing cell–cell interaction networks from scRNA-seq data. However, droplet- and plate-based scRNA-seq techniques have cell sampling bias that could affect the cell composition of scRNA-seq datasets. Here we developed terminator-assisted solid-phase cDNA amplification and sequencing (TAS-Seq) for scRNA-seq based on a terminator, terminal transferase, and nanowell/bead-based scRNA-seq platform. TAS-Seq showed high tolerance to variations in the terminal transferase reaction, which complicate the handling of existing terminal transferase-based scRNA-seq methods. In murine and human lung samples, TAS-Seq yielded scRNA-seq data that were highly correlated with flow-cytometric data, showing higher gene-detection sensitivity and more robust detection of important cell–cell interactions and expression of growth factors/interleukins in cell subsets than 10X Chromium v2 and Smart-seq2. Expanding TAS-Seq application will improve understanding and atlas construction of lung biology at the single-cell level.
Molecular insights into intra-complex signal transmission during stressosome activation
Authors: Miksys Algirdas , Fu Lifei , Madej M. Gregor , Guerreiro Duarte N. , Kaltwasser Susann , Conway Maria , Ejder Sema , Bruckmann Astrid , Marles-Wright Jon , Lewis Richard J. , O’Byrne Conor , Pané-Farré Jan , Ziegler Christine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe stressosome is a pseudo-icosahedral megadalton bacterial stress-sensing protein complex consisting of several copies of two STAS-domain proteins, RsbR and RsbS, and the kinase RsbT. Upon perception of environmental stress multiple copies of RsbT are released from the surface of the stressosome. Free RsbT activates downstream proteins to elicit a global cellular response, such as the activation of the general stress response in Gram-positive bacteria. The molecular events triggering RsbT release from the stressosome surface remain poorly understood. Here we present the map of Listeria innocua RsbR1/RsbS complex at resolutions of 3.45 Å for the STAS domain core in icosahedral symmetry and of 3.87 Å for the STAS domain and N-terminal sensors in D2 symmetry, respectively. The structure reveals a conformational change in the STAS domain linked to phosphorylation in RsbR. Docking studies indicate that allosteric RsbT binding to the conformationally flexible N-terminal sensor domain of RsbR affects the affinity of RsbS towards RsbT. Our results bring to focus the molecular events within the stressosome complex and further our understanding of this ubiquitous signaling hub.
Discovery of the deep-sea NEOM Brine Pools in the Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea
Authors: Purkis Sam J. , Shernisky Hannah , Swart Peter K. , Sharifi Arash , Oehlert Amanda , Marchese Fabio , Benzoni Francesca , Chimienti Giovanni , Duchâtellier Gaëlle , Klaus James , Eberli Gregor P. , Peterson Larry , Craig Andrew , Rodrigue Mattie , Titschack Jürgen , Kolodziej Graham , Abdulla Ameer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeep-sea brine pools represent hypersaline environments famed for their extremophile microbes. With anoxia entirely excluding bioturbating megafauna, brine pools are also conducive to the pristine preservation of sedimentary sequences. Here we use bathymetric and geophysical observations to locate a complex of brine pools in the Gulf of Aqaba consisting of one 10,000 m2pool and three minor pools of less than 10 m2. We further conduct sediment coring and direct sampling of the brine to confirm the sedimentary and environmental characteristics of these pools. We find that the main pool preserves a stratigraphy which spans at least 1200 years and contains a combination of turbidites, likely resulting from flashfloods and local seismicity, and tsunamigenic terrestrial sediment. The NEOM Brine Pools, as we name them, extend the known geographical range of Red Sea brine pools, and represent a unique preservational environment for the sedimentary signals of regional climatic and tectonic events.
Testing and isolation to prevent overloaded healthcare facilities and reduce death rates in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Italy
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arnab , Schips Marta , Mitra Tanmay , Khailaie Sahamoddin , Binder Sebastian C. , Meyer-Hermann Michael 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
During the first wave of COVID-19, hospital and intensive care unit beds got overwhelmed in Italy leading to an increased death burden. Based on data from Italian regions, we disentangled the impact of various factors contributing to the bottleneck situation of healthcare facilities, not well addressed in classical SEIR-like models. A particular emphasis was set on the undetected fraction (dark figure), on the dynamically changing hospital capacity, and on different testing, contact tracing, quarantine strategies.

Methods
We first estimated the dark figure for different Italian regions. Using parameter estimates from literature and, alternatively, with parameters derived from a fit to the initial phase of COVID-19 spread, the model was optimized to fit data (infected, hospitalized, ICU, dead) published by the Italian Civil Protection.

Results
We show that testing influenced the infection dynamics by isolation of newly detected cases and subsequent interruption of infection chains. The time-varying reproduction number (Rt) in high testing regions decreased to <1 earlier compared to the low testing regions. While an early test and isolate (TI) scenario resulted in up to ~31% peak reduction of hospital occupancy, the late TI scenario resulted in an overwhelmed healthcare system.

Conclusions
An early TI strategy would have decreased the overall hospital usage drastically and, hence, death toll (∼34% reduction in Lombardia) and could have mitigated the lack of healthcare facilities in the course of the pandemic, but it would not have kept the hospitalization amount within the pre-pandemic hospital limit.
Double discrete‐time‐switch protocol for SWIPT at the energy harvesting relays: Protocol design and optimization
Authors: Hu Yifan , Zhu Dong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHere, the energy harvesting (EH) relaying node which needs to complete the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is considered. The EH relaying node uses the EH technique to get the energy supply and uses the directional transmission to improve the performance of SWIPT. The double discrete‐time‐switch (D‐DTS) based energy harvesting–power transfer–information transmission (EH–PT–IT) protocol is designed. One of the discrete‐time‐switch (DTS) controls the receiver of the EH relaying node and the other controls the transmitter. The performance is analysed by considering the average information rate and the average transferred power. The expressions of the average information rate and the average transferred power are derived analytically. The balanced maximization is considered, and the optimal parameters are obtained analytically. The simulations are presented to verify the analytical results and compare the performance. Comparing with previous works, the SWIPT performance using D‐DTS protocol in this work is better.
Pulse width modulation voltage source deadtime effect on partial discharge and lifetime of inverter‐fed motor insulation
Authors: Akram Shakeel , Wang Peng , Meng Pengfei , Montanari Gian Carlo , Malik Farhan Hameed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of square wave pulse voltage deadtime on the partial discharge (PD) and the lifetime of turn‐to‐turn insulation. A bipolar repetitive pulse voltage with a deadtime of 0–10 μs is produced using double half‐bridge solid‐state switches having push–pull technology controlled by a field‐programmable gate array. The mechanism of the discharge process at rising and falling edges of the pulse voltage before and after deadtime is analysed in detail. The discharge amplitude and PD probability at the rising/falling edges of the voltage waveform increase as the deadtime increases from 0 to 10 μs due to the remanent charges. The number of PD and their intensity is higher at the first rising/falling edges of pulse voltage as compared to the second rising/falling edges for all deadtimes 0–10 μs. As the deadtime increases beyond 2 μs, the number of PDs increases and concentrates at a specific phase angle of rising/falling edges. These localise discharges degrade the insulation material and reduce its lifetime. This study helps to identify the inverter‐fed motor insulation faults due to deadtime. It can provide guidelines to motor insulation designers to determine the limit value of deadtime to compensate PD and ensure the safer operation of such motors.
Über den Umgang mit dem Thema der Schwerhörigkeit/Gehörlosigkeit im nationalen und internationalen Fernseh- und Kinofilm
Authors: Eichhorn Thomas 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird anhand von 415 national und international erschienenen Fernseh- und Kinofilmen der Frage nachgegangen, welche Rolle der Schwerhörigkeit/Gehörlosigkeit und andererseits dem real schwerhörigen/gehörlosen Darsteller im Filmgeschehen zukommt. Dabei wird analysiert, welche Handlungsabläufe in diesem Zusammenhang behandelt werden und wie sich die Produktionen im Laufe der Jahre entwickelt haben. Es wird auf die den HNO-Arzt besonders in seinem Fach interessierenden medizinischen Aspekte, die in den Streifen verarbeitet wurden, hingewiesen. Schließlich werden die Bewertungen die die Streifen in den Internetportalen „Internet Movie Database“ und „Movie Pilot“ von den Zuschauern erhalten haben, zusammengetragen. Exemplarisch wird auf einzelne Filme, die jeweils typisch für eine bestimmte Kategorie stehen, hingewiesen.
Nutraceutical Profile of the Ceylon Spinach (Talinum triangulare)
Authors: Pavithra Mundamoole , Sridhar Kandikere R. , Greeshma Ammatanda A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective This study appraises the nutraceutical potential of uncooked and cooked Ceylon spinach, the wild leafy vegetable Talinum triangulare occurring in southwest India.
Materials and Methods Proximal properties (moisture, crude protein, total lipids, crude fiber, ash, total carbohydrates, and calorific value), mineral contents, amino acid composition, in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD), protein digestibility–corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), protein efficiency ratios (PERs), and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were evaluated by following standard protocols.
Results Total lipids, crude fiber, total carbohydrates, and calorific value were higher in cooked than in uncooked samples. Among nine minerals assessed, sodium, magnesium, phosphorous, iron, manganese, and zinc were significantly higher in uncooked samples compared with cooked samples. Lysine, methionine, cystine, tyrosine, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and serine were higher and histidine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, valine, glycine, and proline were lower in uncooked samples. Cooking improved IVPD, PDCAAS, and PER. Capric and linoleic acids were higher in uncooked samples, while palmitic, 1-pyrrolidinebutanoic, and ɑ-linolenic acid acids were higher in cooked samples. The total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFAs) were higher in cooked samples; however, the total saturated fatty acids (TSFAs) were lower in cooked samples. The ratio of TUFA to TSFA was higher in uncooked than in cooked samples.
Conclusion The protein content of T. triangulare is comparable to those of legume seeds and consists of low fat, high fiber, and high carbohydrates along with increased calorific value. The Na/K (<1) and Ca/P (>1) ratios are favorable to combat blood pressure and prevention of calcium loss, respectively. The indispensable amino acids are comparable to or higher than soybean, wheat, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health Organization (FAO-WHO) standards. Improved IVPD, PDCAAS, and PER in cooked samples of T. triangulare support its nutraceutical potential in human diet to tackle the protein-energy malnutrition and supplement of its flour strengthens the value of fortified foods. The nutraceutical potential has possible roles to combat lifestyle diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancers, and cardiac ailments.
Pattern Recognition of Common Multiple Congenital Malformation Syndromes with Underlying Chromatinopathy
Authors: Kaur Anupriya , Chaudhry Chakshu , Kaur Parminder , Daniel Roshan , Srivastava Priyanka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChromatinopathy is an emerging category of multiple malformation syndromes caused by disruption in global transcriptional regulation with imbalances in the chromatin states (i.e., open or closed chromatin). These syndromes are caused by pathogenic variants in genes coding for the writers, erasers, readers, and remodelers of the epigenetic machinery. Majority of these disorders (93%) show neurological dysfunction in the form of intellectual disability. Other overlapping features are growth abnormalities, limb deformities, and immune dysfunction. In this study, we describe a series of children with six common chromatinopathy syndromes with an aim to develop pattern recognition of this emerging category of multiple malformation syndromes