bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a critical geopolitics of China–US rivalry: Pericentricity, regional conflicts and transnational connections
Authors: Schindler Seth , DiCarlo Jessica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe deterioration of bilateral relations between the US and China heralds a new chapter in geopolitics increasingly characterised by competition and confrontation. We introduce insights from contemporary Cold War historiography, which we suggest can help deepen our understanding of the present. Historians have largely rejected the notion that the Cold War was a bipolar struggle between great powers. Instead, the ‘Global Cold War’ is increasingly interpreted as an era, order or context whose diverse localised manifestations necessitate multilingual research around the world. This scholarship draws attention to the conflict's ‘pericentric’ nature, its diverse regional manifestations and the transnational connections it enabled. We demonstrate that these concepts can inform research on contemporary China–US rivalry and suggest a multi‐scalar and multi‐sited research agenda in line with approaches of feminist political geography and critical geopolitics.
The relationships of employed students to non‐employed students and non‐student work colleagues: Identity implications
Authors: Grozev Vladislav H. , Easterbrook Matthew J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe explored how employed university students experience their relationships with their work colleagues and with non‐employed students. Two research questions (RQs) were considered: RQ1: What experiences and conditions do employed students identify as contributing to a sense that they are a distinct and separate group from (1) their work colleagues and (2) non‐employed students? RQ2: What experiences and conditions do employed students feel facilitate and/or inhibit their social adaptation and integration at work and university? We interviewed 21 part‐time employed students in England, and analyzed the transcripts using reflexive thematic analysis. We adopted a deductive approach, using the Social Identity Approach as a theoretical framework. In relation to work colleagues, employed students identified a lack of empathy, being looked down upon, and experiencing hostility at the workplace as making them feel distinct from their work colleagues. In relation to non‐employed students, employed students identified differences in experiences and values as increasing intergroup differentiation, which then resulted in feelings of not fitting in at university or social exclusion. Identified conditions, which supported social integration in the workplace, were working with colleagues who held positive attitudes toward students, experiencing similar workplace circumstances and a sense of common fate. Employed students felt socially integrated when non‐workers had positive regard for them or by discussing their employment with other employed students.
Laparoscopic splenic vessel‐preserving distal pancreatectomy after laparoscopic pylorus‐preserving gastrectomy: A case report
Authors: Miyasaka Yoshihiro , Irie Hisatoshi , Maki Toshimitsu , Kusaba Hiroshi , Koreeda Nobuhiko , Hirano Yousuke , Kaida Hiroki , Kawamoto Makoto , Komono Akira , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Sakamoto Ryohei , Shibata Ryosuke , Higashi Daijiro , Watanabe Masato 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 77‐year‐old woman who had undergone laparoscopic pylorus‐preserving gastrectomy for gastric cancer showed dilatation of the main pancreatic duct in the distal pancreas on ultrasonography during postoperative surveillance. Detailed examination revealed that she had a main‐duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with high‐risk stigmata. As invasive malignancy was not suggested, laparoscopic splenic vessel‐preserving distal pancreatectomy was performed to preserve the remnant stomach. Although adhesions around the gastroduodenostomy and splenic artery were severe, the magnified laparoscopic view facilitated the identification of appropriate dissection layers, resulting in limited blood loss. The distal pancreas was successfully resected without sacrificing blood flow to the remnant stomach. The postoperative course was uneventful. The pathological diagnosis was low‐grade intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. Laparoscopic splenic vessel‐preserving distal pancreatectomy for benign or low‐grade malignant disease of the distal pancreas can be useful for preserving the remnant stomach in patients with a history of gastrectomy.
White adolescents' racial contexts: Associations with critical action
Authors: Dull Brandon D. , Hoyt Lindsay Till , Chaku Natasha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study takes a person‐centered approach to investigate White youths' racial contexts by utilizing a latent profile analysis among a sample of White adolescents (N = 323, ages 16–17; 52% female, 48% male; data collected 1996–1998). Racial contexts were composed of parent, peer, and school influences, which revealed three distinct profiles: a Race Conscious profile, a Race Silent profile, and a Low Race Engagement profile. These profiles predicted White adolescents' critical action during emerging adulthood, where adolescents in the Race Conscious profile were engaged in more critical action as compared to the other two profiles. These findings suggest that the racial contexts in which White adolescents develop have direct implications on their desire to work toward, and take action for, social change.
Where are we in the recognition of young adult carers in France?
Authors: Chevrier Basilie , Untas Aurélie , Dorard Géraldine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractYoung adult carers (YACs) are people aged 18–25 years who provide care to a relative who is ill or has a disability. France begins to come to the YAC issue. YAC students were mentioned for the first time in a national policy document in 2019. By interviewing 110 students, this review showed that more than 80% of them did not know what a YAC was. If students are not aware of this status, they cannot self‐identify as carers and seek support. During policy development, it is therefore important to support YACs by raising awareness.
Repositioning of the bone window in lateral sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement: A retrospective radiographic study
Authors: Wang Zhikang , Zhang Jing , Ren Lingfei , Yang Guoli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo retrospectively evaluate whether repositioning the bone window leads to a better outcome of three‐dimensional sinus augmentation in lateral sinus floor elevation (LSFE) with simultaneous implant placement.Methods34 patients with a total of 40 implants (14: test group, 26: control group) receiving LSFE with simultaneous implant placement were included in this retrospective research. CBCT images were taken before surgery, immediately and 6 months after surgery. The two‐dimensional augmentation parameters, including apical bone height (ABH), endo‐sinus bone gain (ESBG), and palatal/buccal bone height (PBH/BBH), and three‐dimensional parameters, including augmentation volume (AV) and palatal/buccal augmentation volume (PAV/BAV), were measured. The lateral defect length (LDL) and lateral window length (LWL) were also measured to evaluate the lateral antrostomy recovery.ResultsAt the 6‐month follow‐up, the reduction rates at ABH, ESBG, and BBH of the test group (ABH: 10.41% ± 30.30%, ESBG: 2.55% ± 8.91%, BBH: 2.50% ± 8.65%) were significantly lower than those of the control group (ABH: 25.10% ± 22.02%, ESBG: 11.47% ± 9.79%, BBH: 7.10% ± 5.37%; p < .05). In addition, the test group showed better three‐dimensional augmentation stability on the buccal side (BAV reduction: 15.51% ± 10.86% vs. 27.15% ± 12.61%; p < .05). Moreover, the LDL/LWL ratio of the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p < .05).ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, repositioning of the bone window in LSFE with simultaneous implant placement could contribute to endo‐sinus augmentation stability on the buccal side at the 6‐month follow‐up. Moreover, it would also facilitate recovery of the lateral antrostomy defect.
Pygopus2 ameliorates mesenteric adipocyte poor differentiation to alleviate Crohn's disease ‐like colitis via the Axin2/GSK3β pathway
Authors: Li Jing , Zuo Lugen , Geng Zhijun , Li Qingqing , Cheng Yang , Yang Zi , Shi Ruohan , Zhou Yueqing , Nie Wenhu , Wang Yueyue , Zhang Xiaofeng , Ge Sitang , Song Xue , Hu Jianguo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesCrohn's disease (CD) mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) inflammation affects enteritis through the interaction between the mesentery and intestine, and we previously found that poorly differentiated mesenteric adipocytes were related to its inflammatory features. Pygopus2 (Pygo2) is a key negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation. We aimed to determine whether Pygo2 participates in CD mesenteric lesions and whether Pygo2 knockdown would be beneficial in a CD model (Il‐10−/− mice).MethodsPygo2 expression in MAT from control and CD patients and Il‐10−/− mice was measured by immunohistochemistry. Lentiviral transfection was used to regulate Pygo2 expression in Il‐10−/− mice, and the effects on mesenteric adipocyte differentiation, inflammation, and dysfunction during spontaneous colitis, as well as the possible mechanism, were investigated.ResultsPygo2 expression was increased in MAT from CD patients and Il‐10−/− mice, and its expression correlated with poor adipocyte differentiation and inflammation. Pygo2 knockdown significantly ameliorated colitis in Il‐10−/− mice. Moreover, the downregulation of Pygo2 gene expression could promote adipocyte differentiation and inhibit adipocyte inflammation in vivo and in vitro, and the effects were at least partly mediated by the Axis inhibition protein 2 (Axin2)/glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) pathway.ConclusionsThe increase in Pygo2 may be related to mesenteric adipocyte poor differentiation and inflammatory features of CD, and Pygo2 inhibition could alleviate CD‐like colitis by improving mesenteric lesions by regulating the Axin2/GSK3β pathway.
The prognostic value of neonatal conventional‐EEG monitoring in hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy during therapeutic hypothermia
Authors: Bourel‐Ponchel Emilie , Querne Laurent , Flamein Florence , Ghostine‐Ramadan Ghida , Wallois Fabrice , Lamblin Marie Dominique 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the prognostic value of conventional electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).MethodIn this multicentre retrospective study, 95 full‐term neonates (mean of 39.3wks gestational age [SD 1.4], 36 [38%] females, 59 [62%] males) with HIE (2013–2016) undergoing therapeutic hypothermia were divided between favourable or adverse outcomes. Background EEG activity (French classification scale: 0–1–2‐3‐4‐5) and epileptic seizure burden (epileptic seizure scale: 0–1‐2) were graded for seven 6‐hour periods. Conventional EEG monitoring was investigated by principal component analysis (PCA), with clustering methods to extract prognostic biomarkers of development at 2 years and infant death.ResultsEighty‐one per cent of infants with an adverse outcome had a French classification scale equal to or greater than 3 after H48 (100% at H6–12). The H6–12 epileptic seizure scale was equal to or greater than 1 for 39%, increased to 52% at H30–36 and then remained equal to or greater than 1 for 39% after H48. Forty‐five per cent of infants with a favourable outcome had a H6–12 French classification scale equal to or greater than 3, which dropped to 5% after H48; 13% had a H6–12 epileptic seizure scale equal to or greater than 1 but no seizures after H48. Clustering methods based on PCA showed the high efficiency (96%) of conventional EEG monitoring for outcome prediction and allowed the definition of three prognostic EEG biomarkers: H6–78 French classification scale mean, H6–78 French classification scale slope, and H30–78 epileptic seizure scale mean.InterpretationEarly lability and recovery of physiological features is prognostic of a favourable outcome. Seizure onset from the second day should also be considered to accurately predict neurodevelopment in HIE and support the importance of conventional EEG monitoring in HIE in infants cooled with therapeutic hypothermia.What this paper adds

Comprehensive analysis showed the high prognostic efficiency (96%) of conventional electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring.

Prognostic EEG biomarkers consist of the grade of background EEG activity, its evolution, and the mean seizure burden.

Persistent seizures (H48) without an improvement in background EEG activity were consistently associated with an adverse outcome.
Consolidating human disease learning in the Dental Emergency Clinic
Authors: Atkin Philip Alan , Simms Melanie Louise , Ravindran Nishma 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionDental undergraduates typically learn and are assessed on aspects of human disease (HD) in the early part of their programme, but it is not until later in the programme that their HD knowledge is put into practice when they provide courses of treatment for numerous patients over multiple visits. The teaching of HD provides core knowledge on medical conditions and medications and is therefore essential in allowing newly graduated dentists to provide safe treatment for medically compromised patients or those taking medications. We wanted to examine the medical complexity of patients attending a university hospital dental emergency clinic to determine whether this was a suitable group that would help students to consolidate their HD learning in the context of a single visit where treatment was also provided.Materials and MethodsWe examined the medical history of 200 patients attending the dental emergency clinic in the University Dental Hospital, Cardiff, using a previous study as a benchmark. Anonymous data were collected using the medical history proforma, and included age, gender, medications, types and number of medical conditions/disorders.ResultsPatients attending the clinic were more medically complex than those in the comparator study and the demographics reflect wider population data showing increasing numbers of older patients with greater medical morbidity.Discussion/ConclusionsThe emergency dental clinic is the place where most patients are new to the hospital, have a dental history, medical history, investigations, diagnosis and treatment in a single visit, and offers excellent opportunities for consolidating HD learning in a one‐stop clinical treatment episode, guided by suitable instructors.
Perceived gain or loss? How digital affordances influence employee corporate entrepreneurship participation likelihood
Authors: Petzsche Valentin , Rabl Tanja , Franzke Sonja , Baum Matthias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBased on conservation of resources theory, this paper examines the mediating mechanisms in the relationship between digital affordances and employee corporate entrepreneurship participation likelihood. Findings from an experimental study with 207 employees show a statistically significant and positive indirect effect of digital affordances on employee corporate entrepreneurship participation likelihood through employee‐perceived information technology support for innovation and a statistically significant and—contrary to our expectations—positive indirect effect through employee‐perceived work overload. Results are corroborated by insights from in‐depth interviews with senior managers. They provide support for digital affordances as action potentials that are associated with resource gains that in turn foster employee corporate entrepreneurship participation likelihood.
Subarctic soil carbon losses after deforestation for agriculture depend on permafrost abundance
Authors: Peplau Tino , Schroeder Julia , Gregorich Edward , Poeplau Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe northern circumpolar permafrost region is experiencing considerable warming due to climate change, which is allowing agricultural production to expand into regions of discontinuous and continuous permafrost. The conversion of forests to arable land might further enhance permafrost thaw and affect soil organic carbon (SOC) that had previously been protected by frozen ground. The interactive effect of permafrost abundance and deforestation on SOC stocks has hardly been studied. In this study, soils were sampled on 18 farms across the Yukon on permafrost and non‐permafrost soils to quantify the impact of land‐use change from forest to cropland and grassland on SOC stocks. Furthermore, the soils were physically and chemically fractionated to assess the impact of land‐use change on different functional pools of SOC. On average, permafrost‐affected forest soils lost 15.6 ± 21.3% of SOC when converted to cropland and 23.0 ± 13.0% when converted to grassland. No permafrost was detected in the deforested soils, indicating that land‐use change strongly enhanced warming and subsequent thawing. In contrast, the change in SOC at sites without permafrost was not significant but had a slight tendency to be positive. SOC stocks were generally lower at sites without permafrost under forest. Furthermore, land‐use change increased mineral‐associated SOC, while the fate of particulate organic matter (POM) after land‐use change depended on permafrost occurrence. Permafrost soils showed significant POM losses after land‐use change, while grassland sites without permafrost gained POM in the topsoil. The results showed that the fate of SOC after land‐use change greatly depended on the abundance of permafrost in the pristine forest, which was driven by climatic conditions more than by soil properties. It can be concluded that in regions of discontinuous permafrost in particular, initial conditions in forest soils should be considered before deforestation to minimize its climate impact.
Non‐inferior and more feasible transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation in treating overactive bladder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Alomari Mohammed S , Abdulhamid Ahmed S , Ghaddaf Abdullah A , Alshareef Khalid M , Haneef Ahmed K , AlQuhaibi Mohammad S , Banjar Rowaa A 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesOveractive bladder (OAB) is identified as a urinary urgency accompanied by frequency and nocturia with or without urgency urinary incontinence in the nonexistence of a urinary tract infection or other evident pathologies. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) versus percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) or anticholinergic drugs in reducing symptoms and improving the quality of life for OAB patients.MethodsWe performed a systematic search in Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL, in which we included randomized controlled trials that compared TTNS with anticholinergic drugs or PTNS in treating idiopathic OAB. We evaluated the following outcomes: 3‐day voiding diary (voiding frequency/day, daytime micturition frequency/day, nighttime micturition frequency/day, number of urgency episodes/day, number of incontinence episodes/day, and mean voiding volume), symptom bother, health related quality of life (HRQoL), and adverse events. We used 95% as a confidence interval (CI) and p < 0.05. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for continuous outcomes, and the risk ratio (RR) was used for dichotomous outcomes.ResultsThere was no significant difference comparing TTNS with anticholinergic drugs or PTNS regarding voiding frequency/day (SMD = −0.01, 95% CI −0.33 to 0.32), nighttime micturition frequency/day (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI −0.94 to 0.37), number of urgency episodes/day (SMD = −0.05, 95% CI −0.36 to 0.26), number of incontinence episodes/day (SMD = −0.04, 95% CI −0.32 to 0.25), symptom bother (SMD = −0.19, 95% CI −0.55 to 0.16), HRQoL (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI −0.32 to 0.85), and adverse events (RR = 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.54).ConclusionThe current meta‐analysis reveals that there is no statistically significant difference between TTNS versus PTNS or anticholinergic drugs for the nonsurgical management of OAB patients.
SATB1 ensures appropriate transcriptional programs within naïve CD8+ T cells
Authors: Nüssing Simone , Miosge Lisa A , Lee Kah , Olshansky Moshe , Barugahare Adele , Roots Carla M , Sontani Yovina , Day E Bridie , Koutsakos Marios , Kedzierska Katherine , Goodnow Christopher C , Russ Brendan E , Daley Stephen R , Turner Stephen J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpecial AT‐binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a chromatin‐binding protein that has been shown to be a key regulator of T‐cell development and CD4+ T‐cell fate decisions and function. The underlying function for SATB1 in peripheral CD8+ T‐cell differentiation processes is largely unknown. To address this, we examined SATB1‐binding patterns in naïve and effector CD8+ T cells demonstrating that SATB1 binds to noncoding regulatory elements linked to T‐cell lineage–specific gene programs, particularly in naïve CD8+ T cells. We then assessed SATB1 function using N‐ethyl‐N‐nitrosourea‐mutant mice that exhibit a point mutation in the SATB1 DNA‐binding domain (termed Satb1m1Anu/m1Anu). Satb1m1Anu/m1Anu mice exhibit diminished SATB1‐binding, naïve, Satb1m1Anu/m1Anu CD8+ T cells exhibiting transcriptional and phenotypic characteristics reminiscent of effector T cells. Upon activation, the transcriptional signatures of Satb1m1Anu/m1Anu and wild‐type effector CD8+ T cells converged. While there were no overt differences, primary respiratory infection of Satb1m1Anu/m1Anu mice with influenza A virus (IAV) resulted in a decreased proportion and number of IAV‐specific CD8+ effector T cells recruited to the infected lung when compared with wild‐type mice. Together, these data suggest that SATB1 has a major role in an appropriate transcriptional state within naïve CD8+ T cells and ensures appropriate CD8+ T‐cell effector gene expression upon activation.