bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Chemical, Bio-Fertilizers and Jasmonic Acid and Their Interaction on the Quantitative, Qualitative Characteristics of Olive Fruits Olea europaea L. Cultivar Surani
Authors: Ameen A. J. , Al-Hamdani Kh. A. S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The experiment was carried out in one of the orchards of Laylan district, 19 km from the center of Kirkuk city during the growing season 2021-2022 to study the effect of levels of chemical, bio-fertilizers and jasmonic acid on the fruiting characteristics and yield of olive trees Olea europaea L variety Sorani. Homogeneous vegetative growth, planted on 4 x 4 m lines and irrigated with well water in a drip irrigation system. Trees were sprayed with chemical fertilizers at three levels of 0, 3, 6 ml.L-1 and bio-fertilizers were added at three levels of 0, 20, 40 g.L-1. Trees were also sprayed with jasmonic acid at three levels: 0, 20, and 30 mg.L-1, at an average of 21 days between one spray and another. The experiment was designed according to a randomized complete block design (RCBD), The study reached the following results :- Spraying with chemical fertilizers, especially at the level of 6 ml L-1 (M2), led to a significant increase in studied characteristics, represented in the yield rate for one tree, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp thickness, T.S.S, and Fruit oil percentage, which reached 21.97 kg.Tree-1, 1.72 g. Fruit -1, 1.77 cm3, 2.14 mm, 17.27%, 16.95% respectively, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. Addition of bio-fertilizer, especially the level of 40 gm L-1 (B2), led to a significant increase in the studied characteristics, which are the yield rate per tree, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp thickness, T.S.S and fruit oil percentage, which reached 21.90 kg.tree-1, 1.79 g.fruit -1, 1.81 cm3, 2.22 mm, 17.37%, 17.11% respectively, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. Also, spraying with jasmonic acid at a level of 30 mg L-1 (J2) significantly increased yield per tree, fruit weight, fruit volume, pulp thickness, T.S.S and fruit oil percentage, which reached 21.26 kg.tree-1,1.64 g.fruit-1, 1.66 cm3, 1.96 mm, 16.90%, 16.57% respectively, while the comparison treatment gave the lowest average for the aforementioned traits. There was also a significant increase in the binary and triple interactions of the study treatments on all the studied traits, especially the high levels of the study factors.
Effect of Foliar Spraying with Chelated Iron (CHI) and Dry Yeast Extract (DYE) on Vegetative Growth and Yield Properties of Ashrassi Cultivar Olive Trees
Authors: Hamou Al-Rawi Rasha Hussein , Al-Dulaimi R. M. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study was carried out in a private olive field located in the western desert of Rawa city, the village of (Abu Koi) in Anbar Governorate in Iraq during the season 2021-2022 to study the effect of foliar spraying with chelated iron (CHI) At three levels of concentrations (0, 100, and 200 mg L-1) have symbols of (F0, F1, and F2) respectively as well as dry yeast extract (DYE) (Y0, Y1, and Y2) With three concentration levels (0, 10, 20 g L-1) respectively, and their interactions. To investigate their effect on the properties of vegetative and fruitful growth of Ashrassi cultivar olive. Trees were sprayed until full wetness three consecutive times. The first spray was in April after full bloom, the second was in May and the last spray was in June. The results showed that the effect of foliar spraying with CHI for the treatment F2 At a concentration of 200 mg per tree has significant differences in the increase in the number of leaves, as it reached 77.75 leaves per plant. The increase in the length of the branch was 90.97 cm per plant; the leaf area was 7.20 cm2 per plant. The percentage of the dry matter of the fruits was 50.88 %, the weight of the fruit reached 6.38 g per plant, the oil percentage per pant was 17.41%, as well as an increase in iron concentration in the leaves which reached 31.63 mg per kg. Whereas the treatment F1of 100 mg L-1 showed a significant difference in the number of hermaphrodite flowers, which amounted to 11.25 flowers per inflorescences, the percentage of carbohydrates in the leaves was 5.29%, and the percentage of dry matter in the fruits was 48.80%. Furthermore, the effect of foliar application with the second factor (dry yeast suspension) illustrated significant superiority of Y2 treatment (20 g L-1) for the length of the branch where it reaches 84.25 cm per tree, leaf area 7.05 cm2, the number of hermaphrodite flowers 10.93 flowers per inflorescences, the weight of whole fruit was 6.38 g, the increase of fruit diameter was 21.95 mm, the percentage of carbohydrates in the leaves is 6.03 %, the percentage of the dry matter of the fruits was 53.53%, and the percentage of pureness of the pulp of the fruit 88.28%, and the iron concentration in the leaves reached 24.40 mg. kg-1. As for the treatment Y1 at a concentration of 10 gm L-1. It showed significant differences in the diameter of the fruit amounted to 21.74 mm, the weight of the fruit was 6.10 g, the percentage of dry matter of the fruits was 50.74 %, and the percentage of oil in the fruits was 16.34 %.
Effect of Foliar Application with Potassium Sulphate and Organic Fertilizer on Growth Parameters and Yield of Brussels Sprouts “Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmiferaZenk”
Authors: Ali Sarmad Salim , Manea Ali Ibadi , Kshash BassimHaleem 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This experiment place was done at Babylon territory, Iraq, during 2021-2022 to concentrate on the impact of potassium sulfate (0 and 3 gm.L-1) and natural manure (3 Mt. ha-1 Imported poultry manure (Caspian), 5.7 Mt·ha-1domestic poultry compost, and 6.3 Mt·ha-1 Feather poultry residuals on development growth and yield of Brussels sprouts. The experiment was organized in a split-plot system with a randomized completeblock design with Potassium sulfate as the main plot and organic manure treatment as the sub-plot and with three replications. The results show of the concetration 3 gm.L-1 potassium sulfatesignificant succeeded in plant height 39.33 cm, number of leaves 28.20 leaf per plant, percent dry matter in heads 20.06%, head diameter 2.26 cm, total chlorophyll 23.77 mg. 100 gm fresh weight, percent of nitrogen and potassium 2.07%, 1.87% and vitamin c 74.4 mg. 100 gm fresh weight. Feather poultry residuals also gave the highest average of the head weight 4.8 gm., head diameter 2.20 cm, plant yield 70.9 gm, percent of nitrogen and potassium 1.98%, 1.79% and vitamin c 69.5 mg. 100 gm. fresh weight. The treatment of bi- interaction between concentration potassium sulfate 3 gm. L-1 + feather poultry residuals excelled in the average head weight, total chlorophyll, plant yield. total yield, percent of nitrogen and potassium and vitamin c content. while bi- interaction between concentration potassium sulfate 3 gm. L-1 + imported poultry manure excelled in the average number of leaves, percent dry matter and head diameter.
Effect of Agricultural Medium in Hydroponic System on Growth and yield of Two Hybrids of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Nasih Hayder Bahjat , Abdulrahman Harith B. , Ghassan J. Z. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The experiment was conducted from 16 November 2020 to 21 January 2021 at Nursery of the Directorate of Agriculture Kirkuk / Kirkuk governate to study the effect of using different agricultural medium such as peat moss, perlite and peat moss + perlite on growth and yield of two hybrids of lettuce in a hydroponics system under plastic house protected structure. Specifically, The research used two factors, first factor is different of agricultural medium viz., peat moss, perlite and peat moss + perlite. Second factor is Two hybrids of lettuce viz, Fajer and Nader. Results showed that the lettuce planted in peat moss had the greatest number of leaves, heaviest stem and marketing head and highest total yield with a value 47.33 leaf plant-1, 42.10 g, 539.53 g and 5830.80 kg house-1. The data collected revealed that the Fajer hybrid recorded significant increment in all studied characteristics except percentage of dry matter in root and marketing yield. Fajer hybrid planted in peat moss obtained maximum values in all studied characteristics compared to other treatments. On contrast, Nader hybrid planted in peat moss + perlite obtained minimum values in these characteristics.
Effect of Foliar Spray with Yeast Suspension and Foliartal Nutrient Solution on the Mineral Content of Tissue Lime Seedlings Citrus limon L.
Authors: Abdulkareem Ali Adil , Hussien Nahla Hamoody 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study was done in green house of college of Agricultural engineering sciences during the season 2019-2020 to study the effect of the foliar spray with yeast suspension, nutrition solution (Foliartal) and their interaction on some leaf nutrients contents of (citrus limonL.) lime seedling was produced from the tissue culture lab. Studied factors were three level (0,7 and 10) g.L-1and (0,3 and 5) ml.L-1of yeast suspension and foliartal nutrient respectively treatments were distributed in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with two replicates the test LSD used in order to compare between means at 0.05% probability. the results showed that treatments 10 g.L-1of yeast suspension gave the highest values (1.57, 0.24, 1.48, 7.44 and 0.53,)% and (19.31, 114.63, and 28.42)mg.kg-1for N,P,K,C, Mg, Mn,Fe and Zn respectively the foliar nutrient at 5 ml.L-1gave significantly increased in all this characters which (1.5, 0.28, 1.44, 7.10 and 0.52)% and (18.64, 115.35 and 29.33) mg.kg-1for characters respectively, also the interaction between yeast suspension10 g.L-1+ foliartal nutrient 5 ml.L-1 gave the highest increment was (1.77, 1.62, 7.91 and 0.56) % and (20.89, 131.69 and 33.12) mg.kg-1respectively except phosphor percentage was highest value 0.29 % with (10 g.L-1+3ml.L-1) while the control treatments (0 g.L-1+ 0 ml.L-1) gave lower number of leaf mineral contents.
Gamma Rays Impacts in Qualitative Traits of Camel Meat in Different Area - Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Al-Perkhdri Adnan Shakor 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the aim of studying the effect of gamma rays on chemical and sensory properties in camel meat in Iraq, camel meat was exposed to doses: 0, 3, 5 and 7 kg of gamma radiation released by the radioactive isotope Cobalt 60. The basic ingredients of camel meat were estimated after direct irradiation. The sensory evaluation of the camel meat was carried out after it was cooked well in the pan, so that the X-treated samples were compared with the control group samples. The chemical properties of treated and untreated samples were assessed immediately after irradiation and 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the start of storage. No moral effect of irradiation was observed in the ratio of moisture, crude protein, and fat and pH value and quantity of Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value while the moral effect of irradiation was recorded in both the rate of volatile nitrous bases VBN and peroxide values, where the amount of VBN in camel meat increased after irradiation, and the peroxide values decreased as a result of radiation treatment. The results of the sensory estimation showed no significant differences between processed or untreated camel meat.
Genetic Diversity and Identification of MC1R SNPs Association with Colors in Iraqi Local Ducks
Authors: Jaffar Azhar A. , Abdulkareem Ali A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to reveal the variation in the polymorphisms of Melancortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene and relationship of SNP with colors in Iraqi local duck, in addition to identifying some of molecular characteristics of this gene and identifying the differences in the amino acids of MC1R gene and their differences between the white and gray local duck lines, two local duck lines were selected with 14 white and 14 gray birds, was chosen a region with size 515 bp MC1R gene, where designed the primer of; (Forward primer 5’-, GCTCTTCATGCTGCTGATGG -3, and Reverse primer 5’-, GGCAGGTGACGATGAGGATG -3) by relying on the reference copy under the accession number KU234624.1, the results with PCR technique and electrophoresis proved success of amplification process and fragment was 515 bp. After analyzing sequence of nitrogenous bases for the studied fragment for MC1R gene, two changes were observed in nitrogenous bases, which is known as single nucleotide formation (SNP). The two sites for studied fragment recorded with accession numbers for our study are LC480442.55G> A and LC480443.328C> T. It was observed that the first change site did not lead to any change in the amino acid (valine) at the 126th site of peptide chain of MC1R gene, while the second site resulted in an occurrence change in the amino acid arginine to cysteine at position 217 of peptide chain of the gene. The results showed, it was found that sites of changes in nitrogenous bases were found in both white and gray lines of local ducks, while the study did not show any correlation between these sites with the color of ducks. The results of some molecular tests of the MC1R gene showed that rate of change of nitrogenous bases and the genetic variation for studied frgament is very small when comparing the haplotypes and phylogenetic tree of the animals in this study, and the animals from other countries such as China, it was observed that local ducks possess same nucleotide sequence, which means possibility of dependence origin of local duck of Chinese ducks. The fragments obtained in this study for MC1R gene were recorded at global gene bank sites in NCBI, EMBL and DDBJ under independent accession numbers for our Iraqi local animals which LC480442, LC480443, LC480444, and LC480445.
Effect of Different Levels of Red Sumac Powder Rhus Coriria L. on Productive Performance, Coefficient of Digestion And Some Rumen Fluid Characteristics of Awassi Lambs Females
Authors: Hussein Salih Najem , Alsalam Mohammad Mohaiman Abd , Aljumaily Mwaffuk Hussein , Mohammed Mohammed Saleh , Abass Kasim Sakran 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The main aim of this study is to find out the effect of adding different levels of sumac powder in the diets of female Awassi lambs. The field experiment lasted three months, in which 12 female Awassi lambs were used at the age of 4 months with a weight rate of (16.48 ± 1.39) kg, and distributed randomly into 4 treatments at a rate of 3 replicated / treated females The experimental animals were fed individually in cages with dimensions of 2.5 * 1.5 The animals of the first treatment (T1) were fed on a diet without adding 0% of sumac powder, the second treatment (T2) were fed on a diet with 1% sumac powder added to it The third (T3) I was fed on a legume plus 3% sumac powder, the fourth treatment (T4) I fed it on a leech with 5% sumac powder added to it. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the transactions in growth rates, including the final weight as it was limited between (23.14 - 23.84) kg and the rates of increase and the rate of daily weight gain (104, 98, 102, 102) g / day for the four treatments, respectively. As for the feed conversion efficiency, it reached (6.2, 6.4, 6.2, 6.1) kg of feed / kg increase in live weight, respectively. The results also indicated a significant improvement (P<0.01) in the material digestibility factor with an increase in the level of sumac powder, it reached (75.44, 78.17, 79.77, 82.68%) and the organic matter reached (76.95, 80.47, 82.02, 84.50)%, and the protein digestibility factor reached (73.63, 75.10, 76.79, 79.22%), and in the digestibility factor of ether extract, and that this improvement was in line with the increase in sumac powder level, as it reached (61.61, 63.95, 68.08, 70.09)% for the four treatments respectively. Whereas, the results indicated that there were no significant differences in a number of rumen fluid characteristics, including pH values, ammonia concentration, protozoa numbers and bacteria numbers.
Effect of Fed Omega-3 Addition on Milk Production and Some Reproductive Standards in Cypriot Goats
Authors: Al-Abbasy Emad Gh. , Noaman Abdulla I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted at the Ruminant Research Station of the Agricultural Research Department/ Ministry of Agriculture, which is located in Abu Ghraib area, for the period from 12 April 2018 to 26 December 2018. This experiment included 27 Cypriot goats with a weight of 34-48 kg. They were randomly distributed into three groups of equal number (Nine goat in each group). The first group (T1) control group (T2) the second group was given 20 ml / Omega -3 per animal and the third group (T3) was given 40 ml / Omega -3 per animal. The results showed that there was a proper effect of treatment with omega-3 on milk production of Cypriot goats during October, November and December. The third treatment was properly superior (P≤0.05) at a rate of 1.62 ± 52.30, 1.76 ± 36.00 and 2.00 ± 33.71 kg for the first treatment (Control), which that recorded during the same months 1.80 ± 28.00, 1.10 ± 19.44 and 1.68 ± 18.90 kg, respectively. The results of the current study also indicate a significant increased (P≤0.05) for the third treatment was given 40 ml omega-3 in the fertility rate of Cypriot goats that reached 80% compared to the control group whose fertility rate reached 60%, the results showed that the percentage of fertility increased significantly (P≤0.05) for goats in the third group to 90%, while the group T2 and T1 scored 70%, also the percentage of births improved significantly (P≤0.01) among the goats in the third group that were given 40 ml of omega-3 by a rate of 90 % Compared to the group T1 and T2 as it reached 60%. The results showed no significant effect of omega-3 on the percentage of twins, as it reached group T1 and T2 as it reached 35% compared to group T3 33%. The results indicated a significant decrease on a silent estrus percentage for goats in the third group T3 when given 40 ml of omega-3 to 20% compared to the group T2 and T1 at a rate of 40%. The results also showed a significant improvement in the number of births per abdomen among goats of the third group, which gave 40 ml of omega-3 as the rate was 1.20 compared to the groups T1 and T2 as they reached 0.70 and 1.0, respectively. The omega-3 administration of goats was not reported to have any significant effect on the pregnancy duration of three groups, it appears through the results of the study, that is giving omega-3 has significantly increased dramatically the reproductive performance and a lesser degree the productive performance of Cypriot goats in Iraq.
Effect of Adding Pomegranate Peel Extracts on the Stability of Grape Seeds Oil During Storage
Authors: Ahmed Al-Janabi Ahmed Muhsin Ali , Yassin Sabra Saad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The effect of adding pomegranate peel extract to Grape seed oil and studying the effect of addition on the stability of oil during storage period and comparing the results with a sample of grape seed oil during the storage period fortified with the same percentage of BHA. It was found that the addition process improved the physicochemical properties of oil, as it was noted that the value of peroxide number of oil which treated with pomegranate extract amounted to 34.07 μg / g, while the value of the same characteristic for the oil treated with BHA was 28.02 μg / g It was found from study of the rest of traits that their value was less than that of the untreated grape seed oil, and it was found that the absorption of light was less in the treated oil than in the untreated oil. total phenols. And the rest of the characteristics, but it is not having ability of BHA, which works to maintain levels of physicochemical properties within acceptable limits almost.
Effect of Adding Different Vitamin D3 Concentrations on Chilled Storage of Awassi Ram Semen
Authors: Abed Bresm Mohammed Hakim , Hassan Habeeb Hayder Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Prolong semen quality following the chilled process is important for assistant reproductive techniques such as artificial insemination. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effect of adding different concentrations of vitamin D3 to the Tris-egg yolk extender on some semen parameters stored at 5ºC. Three Awassi rams were used in this study. Semen samples were collected pooled and diluted with an egg-yolk extender (1:10). Four Aliquots were divided into three treatments with vitamin D3 (T1= 0.02, T2=0.004, T3= 0.002 gm) and one control (T0). All samples were chilled to 5ºC. Samples were estimated at time h0 and after 24, 48,72, and 96 hours following treatment. Individual motility, dead sperm, abnormal sperm, and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) was used in this study. The individual motility significantly decreased in T1 compared to T0, T2, and T3 in all studded hours. Also, the individual motility in T3 was significantly greater at h48, h72, and h96, compared to T0, T1. The dead sperm was significantly greater in T1 on h0 compared to T0, T2, and T3. The HOST test was significantly greater in T0, T2, and T3 on h0 compared to T1. In conclusion, low vitamin D3 supplementation to the Awassi semen might potentiate the individual motility for up to 72 hours and trend to enhance some semen parameters.
Isolation, Phenotypic and Molecular Identification of Actinomycetes From Soil and Evaluation of Their Efficiency in Control of the Pathogen Botrytis cinerea Caused Gray Rot Disease on Eggplant
Authors: Hassan Abdullah Abdulkareem , Mahmoud Abdullah Fadhil 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current study included the isolation of 29 isolates of Actinomycetes from soil samples that collected from different regions of Salah Al-Din Governorate, including districts (Samarra, Tikrit, Balad, Sharqat, Tuz and Ishaqi). The results of the antagonism of these isolates against the pathogenic fungusBotrytiscinereashowed the superiority of isolates S2, S5, Sh3, Sh1 and T2 on other isolates, the inhibition zone of the pathogenic fungus was 2.4, 2.2, 2.2, 2.1 and 1.9 cm, respectively. These isolates were identified using microscopic and biochemical tests, as well as their diagnosis molecularly to the species level using the nucleotide sequence analysis technique of 16S rRNA gene. All isolates belonged to the genusStreptomycessp., the similarity percentage of the isolates ranged from (99.47-99.62%) with theStreptomycesspp. recorded in the database of the World GenBank. The above isolates were identified asStreptomyces kanamyceticus, S.hygroscopicus, S.achromogenes, S.atratus and S.griseus, respectively, and registered in the database of the World GenBank in NCBI. The filtrates of Streptomyces sp. grown in various media included; Glycerol Tyrosine Medium, Glycerol Yeast Extract Medium, Glycerol Aspargine Medium, Starch-Minerals Medium and Starch Peptone Yeast Extract Medium against pathogenic fungusB.cinerea, the results showed that theS.kanamyceticusfiltrate recorded the highest inhibition rate in all media except Starch Mineral medium, which reached 8.13 and 8.66, 4.73, 4.46 and 5.46 mm, respectively. The effectiveness of some active substances with antifungal activity produced from theStreptomycesspp. was estimated, which included the antibiotic Fungichromin, chitinase and beta-glucanase, the results showed the production of fangichromin fromS.kanamyceticus,S.hygroscopicus, andS.achromogenesonly, which reched to 6.76, 6.66 and 5.4 μg/ml, respectively, on the othe hand, all isolates recorded the activity of chitinase and beta-glucanase, the highest activities were 0.895 and 1.254 units/ml inS.kanamyceticus, respectively.