bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crack Healing in concrete using Bacteria
Authors: Prashanth N , Ramalinga Reddy Y , Rao Karuna P 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the most often utilized building materials is concrete, yet it is prone to cracking. The structure is far more prone to fail due to cracks. There are several methods for, but they are not permanent and are not environmentally friendly. The inclusion of microorganisms in concrete can be a long-term option for crack healing or filling. It also influences the compressive and split tensile strength and maintain strength after crack formation to certain amount. Calcium Carbonate (Lime) production prevents cracks from recurring in the same location and serves as a permanent and long-term treatment. From the results obtained, it could be concluded that the product is more durable and requires less maintenance.
Numerical Study on V Shaped Natural Draft Cooling Tower Supporting System
Authors: Harish Sagar M , Babu Mehar , Umesh S S , Ananda D.S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cooling towers generally used to extract waste heat to the atmosphere from cooling water stream to a lower temperature and hence it rejects heat from water. The size of the cooling tower is large, with thin wall and complex geometry. Wind load plays a dominant role in the design of cooling tower. These cooling towers are subjected to self-weight and dynamic loads such as wind and earthquake. This paper presents the study of cooling tower of height 200m above the ground level. The Analysis of a cooling tower is done for a wind load using a finite element analysis considering V frame shell base supporting system. The analysis is performed in Commercial software STAAD PRO and the results obtained are presented in this paper.
Use of Waste Plastic as Fine Aggregate Substitute in Concrete
Authors: Lumina Pushpa , Pallavi G A , Bhavya C H , Vanishree S , Supriya C B 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Solid waste disposal is a significant issue in our everyday lives as a result of the rapid population expansion in nations like India. One of the biggest environmental issues is the handling of solid waste. Plastic garbage is the waste kind that causes the majority of adverse environmental effects. Plastic must be recycled or reused because it cannot biodegrade. The study's goal is to examine the behaviour of concrete formed from recycled plastic materials as well as some of its physical characteristics. This study takes into account M20 cement concrete, which includes recovered plastic waste as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. Plastic was used to replace 5%, 10%, and 15% of the concrete in the casting of a concrete cube.
Identification of Constraints in small construction projects
Authors: Sagar G , Raghunandan K , Mehar Babu R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Constraints in construction project limit the achievement of high performance in construction that can impact quality delivery, On-time completion and cost of the project. If constraints are understood well then better performance can be achieved by avoiding the constraints from impacting the performance of the scheduled project. In this current paper, the authors have done questionnaire survey from construction professionals and identified high probable constraints using Relative Important Index (RII) method. The Cost Overrun and Time Overrun caused due to the high probable constraints are segregated. Remedial measures are suggested to reduce or to eliminate the constraints caused in a construction project.
Risk Assessment in Building Construction Projects
Authors: Rajesh  , Keshav Vasanth 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRisks have a large impact on the budget, schedule, and a building project's quality. As the magnitude and complication of the project grows, the ability to control risk throughout the building process has become critical in preventing unplanned consequences. The high-quality procurement and the element of the corresponding agreement terms influence how risks are divided among project players to a great extent. As a result, project players must choose the best project procurement alternative. This dissertation's main objective is to not only assemble a table of building construction hazards, but also to identify the most important risks that can have a great influence on construction and mitigation methods. Assess and identify the most suitable countermeasure for the construction field in order to minimize hazards in future projects. The post-project appraisal method is applied in this dissertation to discover the list of hazards involved with the construction field. The questionnaire survey was conducted at several building projects, and the results were analysed once the survey was completed. The RRI method (Relative rank index) filters the response. Following this strategy, the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is used to obtain more precise factors that affect project risk. The risks were discovered as a consequence of the analysis, and recommendations were made.
GIS Integrated Ground Water & Sewage Analysis
Authors: Nagesh M A , Dechasa Sissay , Veerappa Devaru G , Saksheshwari  
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Groundwater is a natural resource for various human needs. It can be a major source for domestic and non-domestic use in any institution. The groundwater quality depends on percolation of rainwater and polluted water generated in an area, into the soils. The quality of ground water may not be potable in many cases. The freshwater demand could be met by demand management and reuse of treated sewage. The possible sewage reuse is emerging as potential source for demand management after essential treatment. In the paper an attempt is made to assess the quality of ground water based on BIS standards of water for domestic use. Also, the sewage water generated in the Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is checked for its use for gardening use & possible ground water recharge. The results show that the ground water quality is good and satisfies drinking water standards. Also, the sewage from the treatment plant of REVA satisfies the quality standards for its use for irrigation or gardening purpose and possible ground water recharge in the campus. The GIS integration is also made for ground water & sewage water quality parameters
Performance of Concrete made with Natural Aggregate and Multi-cycle Recycled Concrete Aggregate
Authors: Madhu K A , Manoj V , Rajakumara H N 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The research concentrated on the use of concrete demolition waste (CDW) to achieve long sustainability, as coarse aggregate in the production of Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Concrete demolition waste (RCA) is used to replace natural coarse aggregates (NCA) in M-25 grade concrete production, preserving natural resources and reducing the amount of demolition waste that must be landfilled. The effect of substituting 25%, 50%, and 100% NCA with three cycles of RCA on the mechanical characteristics with an endurance of hardened concrete was studied and compared to control concrete. The results of this study show that it is possible to use the RCA coming from CDW in order to the production of concrete. The performance of concretes with 0% and 25% replacement of NCA by RCA was nearly identical to that of concrete without replacement, but the strength of concrete was reduced with 50% and 75% replacement.
A Laboratory evaluation of Paper mill waste in manufacturing of Clay Bricks
Authors: Raveesh J , Uppin Vishnu R , Chandan M R , Gupta Nagaraj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
India has one of the world's fastest expanding pulp and paper markets. With a growth rate of more than 10% per year in terms of per-capita growth, The pulp and paper industry requires a lot of capital investment, energy, and water. A paper mill produces 40 to 50 kg of dry sludge (70 percent primary sludge and 30 percent secondary sludge) when 1 tonne of paper is produced. Most of this sludge is now disposed of by land spreading and filling, both of which involve high disposal costs. Pulp and paper industry is one of the most polluted industries in the world in general and India in particular. India produces 10.11 million tons paper per annum which is 2.6% of world’s overall production quantity of paper. This study present using paper mill waste as a component in the manufacture of burnt bricks as a possible route to environmentally friendly construction. This research report details the findings of an experimental investigation into the production of eco-friendly, bricks using soil and paper mills. This research exhibits some increased compressive strength in mix of papermill waste.
Utilizing phase-modulated Lissajous to enhance spatial and temporal resolution of laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Qazvini Hamed , Latifi Hamid , Asadollahi Amir 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the main challenges in scanning microscopy is increasing the scanning speed without deteriorating the spatial resolution of the image. With Lissajous scanning, the image is available in a fraction of the time since it gathers scattered data from the entire field of view. Nevertheless, this method reduces the density of scan lines at the center of the image, thereby reducing the imaging resolution. This problem can be solved by phase modulation of the motion function of the scanner; however, the density of lines created by such designs is not always controllable. In this paper, simple relationships for determining the desired density over a large area are presented for selecting the appropriate phase modulation, in particular for microscopy applications. In addition, a confocal microscope was employed to image samples using the proposed relations to obtain temporal and spatial resolution two times higher than conventional Lissajous. The results demonstrated that the imaging speed can be significantly increased by using phase modulation accompanied by interpolation methods for image reconstruction.
Duration of Education and Back Pain: Lessons From English Schooling Reforms
Authors: Ikeda Takaaki , Matsuyama Yusuke , Murakami Masayasu , Osaka Ken 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations of increases in the duration of education with back pain using the exogenous variation generated by the English schooling reforms of 1947 and 1972. We analyzed cross-sectional data derived from 9 waves (waves 1–9; 2002–2019) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. An instrumental variables regression using 2-stage least squares with the 2-way cluster-robust standard error was used. The mean severity of back pain, measured using the Numerical Rating Scale, was used as the outcome. A total of 22,868 observations from 5,070 participants were included (the 1947 reform = 16,565 observations from 3,231 participants, mean age = 74.5 years; the 1972 reform = 6,303 observations from 1,839 participants, mean age = 59.3 years). The schooling reforms significantly extended years of school attendance by a mean of 0.57 years for the 1942 reform cohort and 0.66 years for 1972 reform cohort. For participants born within 5 years of the pivotal cohorts, an additional year of education decreased the severity of back pain by 0.78 points (95% confidence interval: 0.65, 0.92) for the 1972 reform cohort. Our finding underscores the importance of the length of education in the reduction of back pain in middle-aged individuals.
High-throughput design of bacterial anti-sense RNAs using CAREng
Authors: Romero Jazmin , Islam Md Tanvir , Taylor Ryan , Grayson Cathryn , Schoenrock Andrew , Wong Alex 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Summary
Short RNA (sRNA) modulation of gene expression is an increasingly popular tool for bacterial functional genomics. Antisense pairing between an sRNA and a target messenger RNA results in post-transcriptional down-regulation of a specific gene and can thus be used both for investigating individual gene function and for large-scale genetic screens. sRNAs have several advantages over knockout libraries in studies of gene function, including inducibility, the capacity to interrogate essential genes and easy portability to multiple genetic backgrounds. High-throughput, systematic design of antisense RNAs will increase the efficiency and repeatability of sRNA screens. To this end, we present CAREng, the Computer-Automated sRNA Engineer. CAREng designs antisense RNAs for all coding sequences in a given genome, while checking for potential off-targets.

Availability and implementation
CAREng is available as a Python script and through a web portal (https://caren.carleton.ca).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
The impact of age on genetic testing decisions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Mehta Puja R , Iacoangeli Alfredo , Opie-Martin Sarah , van Vugt Joke J F A , Al Khleifat Ahmad , Bredin Andrea , Ossher Lynn , Andersen Peter M , Hardiman Orla , Mehta Arpan R , Fratta Pietro , Talbot Kevin ,   Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium, Başak Nazli A , Corcia Philippe , Couratier Philippe , de Carvalho Mamede , Drory Vivian , Glass Jonathan D , Gotkine Marc , Landers John E , McLaughlin Russell , Pardina Jesus S Mora , Morrison Karen E , Povedano Monica , Shaw Christopher E , Shaw Pamela J , Silani Vincenzo , Ticozzi Nicola , Van Damme Philip , van den Berg Leonard H , Veldink Jan H , Vourc’h Patrick , Weber Markus , Al-Chalabi Ammar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative syndrome. In up to 20% of cases, a family history is observed. Although Mendelian disease gene variants are found in apparently sporadic ALS, genetic testing is usually restricted to those with a family history or younger patients with sporadic disease. With the advent of therapies targeting genetic ALS, it is important that everyone treatable is identified. We therefore sought to determine the probability of a clinically actionable ALS genetic test result by age of onset, globally, but using the UK as an exemplar.
Blood-derived DNA was sequenced for ALS genes, and the probability of a clinically actionable genetic test result estimated. For a UK subset, age- and sex-specific population incidence rates were used to determine the number of such results missed by restricting testing by age of onset according to UK’s National Genomic Test Directory criteria.
There were 6274 people with sporadic ALS, 1551 from the UK. The proportion with a clinically actionable genetic test result ranged between 0.21 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18–0.25] in the youngest age group to 0.15 (95% CI 0.13–0.17) in the oldest age group for a full gene panel. For the UK, the equivalent proportions were 0.23 (95% CI 0.13–0.33) in the youngest age group to 0.17 (95% CI 0.13–0.21) in the oldest age group. By limiting testing in those without a family history to people with onset below 40 years, 115 of 117 (98% of all, 95% CI 96%–101%) clinically actionable test results were missed.
There is a significant probability of a clinically actionable genetic test result in people with apparently sporadic ALS at all ages. Although some countries limit testing by age, doing so results in a significant number of missed pathogenic test results. Age of onset and family history should not be a barrier to genetic testing in ALS.
Genetics of Immune Dysregulation and Cancer Predisposition: Two Sides of the Same Coin
Authors: Matza Porges Sigal , Shamriz Oded 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Approximately 10% of cancers have a hereditary predisposition. However, no genetic diagnosis is available in 60%-80% of familial cancers. In some of these families, immune dysregulation-mediated disease is frequent. The immune system plays a critical role in identifying and eliminating tumors; thus, dysregulation of the immune system can increase the risk of developing cancer. This review focuses on some of the genes involved in immune dysregulation the promote the risk for cancer. Genetic counseling for patients with cancer currently focuses on known genes that raise the risk of cancer. In missing hereditary familial cases, the history family of immune dysregulation should be recorded, and genes related to the immune system should be analyzed in relevant families. On the other hand, patients with immune disorders diagnosed with a pathogenic mutation in an immune regulatory gene may have an increased risk of cancer. Therefore, those patients need to be under surveillance for cancer. Gene panel and exome sequencing are currently standard methods for genetic diagnosis, providing an excellent opportunity to jointly test cancer and immune genes.
How Applicable Is the Single-Dose AMBITION Regimen for Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis to High-Income Settings?
Authors: Harrison Thomas S , Lawrence David S , Mwandumba Henry C , Boulware David R , Hosseinipour Mina C , Lortholary Olivier , Meintjes Graeme , Mosepele Mosepele , Jarvis Joseph N 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe AmBisome Therapy Induction Optimization (AMBITION-cm) trial, conducted in eastern and southern Africa, showed that a single, high dose (10 mg/kg) of liposomal amphotericin B, given with an oral backbone of fluconazole and flucytosine, was noninferior to the World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended regimen of 7 days of amphotericin B deoxycholate plus flucytosine for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–associated cryptococcal meningitis and has been incorporated into WHO treatment guidelines. We believe that the trial also has important implications for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in high-income settings. We advance the arguments, supported by evidence where available, that the AMBITION-cm trial regimen is likely to be as fungicidal as the currently recommended 14-day liposomal amphotericin–based treatments, better tolerated with fewer adverse effects, and confer significant economic and practical benefits and, therefore, should be included as a treatment option in guidance for HIV-associated cryptococcal treatment in high-income settings.
DGPD: a knowledge database of dense granule proteins of the Apicomplexa
Authors: Hu Hang , Lu Zhenxiao , Feng Haisong , Chen Guojun , Wang Yongmei , Yang Congshan , Yue Zhenyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites cause severe diseases in human and livestock. Dense granule proteins (GRAs), specific to the Apicomplexa, participate in the maintenance of intracellular parasitism of host cells. GRAs have better immunogenicity and they can be emerged as important players in vaccine development. Although studies on GRAs have increased gradually in recent years, due to incompleteness and complexity of data collection, biologists have difficulty in the comprehensive utilization of information. Thus, there is a desperate need of user-friendly resource to integrate with existing GRAs. In this paper, we developed the Dense Granule Protein Database (DGPD), the first knowledge database dedicated to the integration and analysis of typical GRAs properties. The current version of DGPD includes annotated GRAs metadata of 245 samples derived from multiple web repositories and literature mining, involving five species that cause common diseases (Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, Neospora caninum and Cystoisospora suis). We explored the baseline characteristics of GRAs and found that the number of introns and transmembrane domains in GRAs are markedly different from those of non-GRAs. Furthermore, we utilized the data in DGPD to explore the prediction algorithms for GRAs. We hope DGPD will be a good database for researchers to study GRAs.
Database URL: http://dgpd.tlds.cc/DGPD/index/
Outcomes of the Ross procedure in young adults with previous aortic valve interventions
Authors: Visan Alexandru C , Generali Tommaso , McPherson Iain , Jansen Katrijn , Rybicka Justyna , De Rita Fabrizio , Hermuzi Antony , Crossland David S , Salem Mahmoud I , Coats Louise , Hasan Asif , Nassar Mohamed S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Contemporarily modified Ross procedure continues to deliver excellent outcomes and remains part of the treatment strategy for aortic valve disease in the young adult population. The aim of this study was to assess whether Ross procedure carried out as a second or subsequent intervention for aortic valve disease carries similar risk and long-term benefit, when compared to Ross procedure for the first-time aortic valve replacement.

METHODS
A total of 158 patients aged 16–60 years from a single congenital cardiac centre between 1997 and 2020 were included. The sample was split into 2 subgroups, based on the history of previous aortic valve interventions prior to the Ross procedure. Primary outcomes were defined as survival and pulmonary autograft failure. Coarsened exact matching was used to balance for covariates.

RESULTS
A total of 103 patients underwent primary Ross and 55 underwent secondary Ross with a mean follow-up of 7.8 years. Twenty-two patients underwent 28 reoperations during follow-up. Forty-nine well-matched pairs were obtained through matching. Freedom from pulmonary autograft failure at 10 years was 84.5% in the primary group vs 100% in the secondary group (P = 0.021). Five- and ten-year survival were identical, 97.5% in the primary group vs 95.6% in the secondary group (P = 0.53). Male sex and era were found to be predictors of neoaortic root dilatation.

CONCLUSIONS
The lower incidence of graft failure seen in secondary Ross could justify a stepwise approach to aortic valve intervention. Ross procedure delivers excellent outcomes in the adult population with no difference in survival for primary or secondary Ross.
Type A aortic dissection and pheochromocytoma: an indirect consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Njami Vassili Aurel , Dulguerov Filip , Zingg Tobias , Kirsch Matthias 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Type A aortic dissection is a cardiovascular emergency. Its incidence seems to have increased in the last few years; it is not clear whether this is a consequence of the ageing population or better awareness of the diagnosis (Erbel R, Alfonso F, Boileau C, Dirsch O, Eber B, Haverich A et al.; Task Force on Aortic Dissection, European Society of Cardiology. Diagnosis and management of aortic dissection Task Force on Aortic Dissection, European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2001;15;22:1642–81). Acute type A aortic dissection is often lethal without urgent surgical treatment with mortality rates of around 17% (Conzelmann LO, Weigang E, Mehlhorn U, Abugameh A, Hoffmann I, Blettner M et al. Mortality in patients with acute aortic dissection type A: analysis of pre- and intraoperative risk factors from the German Registry for Acute Aortic Dissection Type A (GERAADA). Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2016;49:e44–e52). Pheochromocytomas are rare tumours, though often asymptomatic, they could be lethal if left untreated. The incidence is around 0.6 per 100,000 persons per year. The association of both aortic dissection and pheochromocytoma is rare. Here, we report a case of a 36-year-old patient with pheochromocytoma and hypertension, whose delay of surgery due to the Covid-19 pandemic led to acute type A aortic dissection.