bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Restricted dietary pattern may contribute to lowering blood pressure in adolescents with obesity: Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents
Authors: Neves Morgana E.A. , Souza Marielly R. , Gorgulho Bartira M. , Pereira Rosangela A. , Cunha Diana B. , Souza Amanda M. , Muraro Ana Paula , Ferreira Márcia G. , Rodrigues Paulo R.M. 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
Dieting is one of the main target factors for interventions that seek to control and prevent rising blood pressure. This study identified dietary patterns and analyzed their association with adolescents’ blood pressure.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic and nationally representative sample of adolescents aged 12–17 years, who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA), carried out in 2013–2014 with Brazilian adolescents (N = 36 956). Food consumption was assessed by 24 h recall. Dietary patterns were identified using the Reduced Rank Regression method, and considering waist circumference, fasting insulin, and dietary polyunsaturated fat/saturated fat ratio as intermediate variables. Multiple linear regression models stratified by weight were developed; SBP and DBP were the dependent variables, and dietary pattern scores were the independent ones, with adjustment for potential confounding factors.

Results:
The following patterns were identified: ‘Brazilian common’, ‘Restricted’ and ‘Added sugar’. The ‘Restricted’ pattern, which included diet/light foods, chicken and chicken-based dishes, leafy greens, vegetables and spices, red meats and dishes based on red meats and tubers, was inversely associated with SBP (β = −1.55; 95% CI = −2.26 to −0.83) and DBP (β = −1.19; 95% CI = −1.70 to −0.68) in adolescents with obesity.

Conclusion:
In adolescents with obesity, a low-energy density diet was associated with reduced blood pressure. These findings are consistent with international recommendations for preventing elevated blood pressure.
MULTIMODAL ASSESSMENTS OF DRUSENOID PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENTS IN THE AGE-RELATED EYE DISEASE STUDY 2 ANCILLARY SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY COHORT
Authors: Thavikulwat Alisa T. , De Silva Tharindu , Agrón Elvira , Keenan Tiarnan D. L. , Toth Cynthia A. , Chew Emily Y. , Cukras Catherine A. ,   for the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Ancillary Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Study Group
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
To identify features correlating with drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (DPED) progression in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Ancillary spectral-domain optical coherence tomography study cohort.

Methods:
In this retrospective analysis of a prospective longitudinal study, eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration and DPEDs were followed longitudinally with annual multimodal imaging.

Results:
Thirty-one eyes of 25 participants (mean age 72.6 years) in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 Ancillary spectral-domain OCT substudy (A2A study) had DPED identified in color fundus images. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography inspection confirmed a subretinal pigment epithelium drusenoid elevation of ≥433 µm diameter in 25 eyes (80.6%). Twenty-four of these eyes were followed longitudinally (median 4.0 years), during which 7 eyes (29.2%) underwent DPED collapse (with 3/7 further progressing to geographic atrophy), 6 (25.0%) developing neovascular age-related macular degeneration, and 11 (45.8%) maintaining DPED persistence without late age-related macular degeneration. On Kaplan–Meier analysis, mean time to DPED collapse was 3.9 years. Both DPED collapse and progression to neovascular age-related macular degeneration were preceded by the presence of hyperreflective foci over the DPED.

Conclusion:
The natural history of DPED comprises collapse (sometimes followed by the development of atrophy), vascularization followed by exudation, or DPED persistence. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography can confirm retinal pigment epithelial elevation caused by drusenoid accumulation and facilitate the identification of high-risk features that correlate with progression.
INFLUENCE OF HIGH MYOPIA ON CHORIOCAPILLARIS PERFUSION AND CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Xiong Kun , Wang Wei , Gong Xia , Ji Yuying , Guo Xiao , Yuan Meng , Li Wangting , Liang Xiaoling , Huang Wenyong , Wen Feng 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the impact of high myopia on choriocapillaris perfusion and choroidal thickness (CT) in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy.

Methods:
Healthy subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus were recruited from communities in Guangzhou. They were divided into four groups according to the presence of diabetes and high myopia: healthy control (n = 77), diabetes (n = 77), high myopia (n = 77), and diabetes with high myopia (n = 77). Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) measured choriocapillaris perfusion and CT. Choriocapillaris perfusion was quantified using the choriocapillaris perfusion index (CPI).

Results:
A total of 308 subjects (308 eyes) were included in the study. The average CPI was 91.11 ± 0.84, 90.16 ± 1.46, 89.80 ± 1.42, and 89.36 ± 1.19% in the control, diabetes, high myopia, and diabetes with high myopia groups, respectively (P < 0.001); the average CT was 227.55 ± 43.13, 205.70 ± 59.66, 158.38 ± 45.24, and 144.22 ± 45.12 µm, respectively (P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and sex, the average CPI decreased 0.95 ± 0.20% (P < 0.001) in the diabetes group, 1.33 ± 0.20% (P < 0.001) in the high myopia group, and 1.76 ± 0.20% (P < 0.001) in the diabetes with high myopia group relative to the control group; the average CT decreased 23.53 ± 8.12 (P = 0.004), 70.73 ± 9.41 (P < 0.001), and 85.90 ± 8.12 µm (P < 0.001), respectively. Further adjustment for other risk factors yielded a similar result.

Conclusion:
Diabetes and high myopia significantly affect CPI and CT, and the presence of both conditions is more damaging to CPI and CT than diabetes or high myopia alone.
Intraoperative Perfluorocarbon Liquid Tamponade Technique for Treatment of Extensive Retinal Detachment Secondary to a Myopic Macular Hole
Authors: Lyu Jiao , Xia Fengjie , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: February 2022

Background/Purpose:
To report an intraoperative perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) tamponade technique in treating extensive retinal detachment secondary to a myopic macular hole (MH) through pars plana vitrectomy.

Methods:
The technique was applied in nine eyes with MH-RD extending two quadrants or more areas. The procedures for pars plana vitrectomy included: 1). thorough drainage of subretinal fluid through the MH with fluid–air exchange; 2). PFCL tamponade on the macular area for more than 10 minutes; and 3). repairing the MH after PFCL was removed.

Results:
All nine eyes gained intraoperative retinal reattachment after PFCL tamponade for 22.22 ± 8.01 minutes and removal of PFCL. Procedures for MH closure included internal limiting membrane peeling in eight eyes, with internal limiting membrane free flap insertion (four eyes), internal limiting membrane inverted flap insertion (two eyes), or lens capsular flap transplantation (three eyes). All eyes received C3F8 tamponade. During 9.11 ± 3.89 months of follow-up, eight of the nine eyes (89%) achieved retinal reattachment and MH closure; one eye achieved anatomical success after reoperations. All eyes had vision improvement at the last follow-up.

Conclusion:
This new technique in pars plana vitrectomy may promote anatomical and functional recovery in the treatment of extensive retinal detachment secondary to a myopic MH.
Modified Trisection Technique: One-Trip Explantation for Foldable Intraocular Lens
Authors: Ye Hongfei , Zhang Shiguang , Cao Liang , Feng Yanqing , Lyu Jiao , Peng Jie , Xu Yu , Chen Jili , Zhao Peiquan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
We present a new technique that allows an intraocular lens to be explanted through the small incisions used in modern cataract surgery.

Methods and Results:
The intraocular lens optic is cut into three connected pieces at the 1-mm-wide end with scissors. Then, with the stabilizing counterforce provided by a pair of vitreoretinal forceps through a paracentesis, the middle piece is removed first, followed by the two side pieces connected with haptics flipped over at the connected part. These two parts overlap each other when passing through the incision, eventually resulting in the explantation of the intraocular lens, as an intact piece.

Conclusion:
We believe this method provides a simple and effective way to remove intraocular lens through very small incisions, which could also reduce complications and hasten patient's recovery.
THE NOVEL USE OF HIGH-FLOW POLYIMIDE CANNULAS TO IMPROVE SILICONE OIL INJECTABILITY IN VITREORETINAL SURGERY
Authors: Hammer Maximilian , Schickhardt Sonja K. , Munro Donald , Khoramnia Ramin , Scheuerle Alexander , Mayer Christian S. , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
The injection of high-viscosity silicone oil lengthens injection time. New polyimide cannulas offer a greater inner diameter than conventional metal cannulas at the same gauge. We compared the injection time for polyimide and metal cannulas at 23 G for a variety of silicone oils including a 12,500-mPas prototype oil.

Methods:
In this laboratory study, injection time was measured three times per cannula and per oil. Warming the oil before injection to up to 42°C was also evaluated. Finally, the feasibility of polyimide cannulas was tested in vitrectomized porcine eyes.

Results:
The 23-G polyimide cannula mostly decreased injection times. The time to inject 5 mL of Siluron Xtra and Siluron 5000 decreased by 6:02 (76.9%) minutes (483 vs. 121 seconds) and 12:01 (74.7%) minutes (973 vs. 252 seconds), respectively. Although the 23-G metal cannula failed to inject 12,500 mPas oil, 5 mL was injected in 10:21 minutes using the polyimide cannula. Prewarming Siluron 5000 to 42°C lowered the injection time by 9.0% and by 12.1% when using the metal or polyimide cannula, respectively.

Conclusion:
Polyimide cannulas allow a clinically relevant decrease in injection time. They may not only shorten surgery time but could also ease the use of next-generation ultra-high-viscosity silicone oils. Prewarming silicone oil leads to decreased injection times.
FACTORS AFFECTING RETINAL REDETACHMENT AFTER SILICONE OIL REMOVAL FOR RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENTS
Authors: Huang Denis , Starr Matthew R. , Patel Luv G. , Ammar Michael J. , Kaiser Richard S. , Mehta Sonia , Park Carl H. , Khan Mohammed Ali , Gupta Omesh P. , Kuriyan Ajay E. , Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Ho Allen C. , Garg Sunir J. , Cohen Michael N. , Hsu Jason 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
To report factors affecting the retinal redetachment rate after silicone oil removal (SOR) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Methods:
Retrospective cohort study from December 1, 2014, to March 1, 2020, of 205 consecutive patients treated for RRD with silicone oil (SO) tamponade and subsequent SOR with at least 6-month follow-up. Primary outcome measure was the rate of retinal redetachment after SOR.

Results:
The retinal redetachment rate after SOR was 18.5%. Preoperative macula and lens status, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, previous retinectomy, retinal detachment size, concomitant phacoemulsification, previous scleral buckling, and endolaser during SOR did not affect the redetachment rate after SOR. Previous SO exchange was associated with increased redetachment (OR 2.53, 95% CI [1.11–5.80], P = 0.0278). Twelve months of SO tamponade had lower redetachment rates compared with 3 months (OR 0.25, 95% CI [0.04–0.09], P = 0.048). Shorter SO tamponade (3 vs. 12 months) had better final visual outcomes after SOR (0.80 ± 0.61 vs. 1.41 ± 0.66, P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
No preoperative or intraoperative factors in this analysis influenced the risk of redetachment after SOR except duration of SO tamponade and previous SO exchange. Although longer SO tamponade duration may be associated with lower rates of redetachment, visual outcomes may be worse.
Collaborating to Integrate Education and Practice: A Model of a Physical Therapy Academic–Clinical Partnership
Authors: Taylor Sally M. , McMenamin Peter J. , Hilliard Marjorie Johnson 
Published: February 2022

Background and Purpose.
Strong academic–clinical partnerships have been advocated to optimize the training of the next generation of health professionals and to best meet the needs of patients and society. Despite the benefits of partnerships, there is a lack of literature describing successful models for collaboration between physical therapist (PT) schools and academic medical center hospitals. The purpose of this article was to describe the formal partnership between the Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences (DPTHMS) and Shirley Ryan AbilityLab in Chicago, Illinois.

Method/Model Description and Evaluation.
The partnership is presented through the lens of D'Amour's 4-dimensional model of collaboration highlighting 4 critical dimensions of collaboration: shared goals and activities, internalization, formalization, and governance.

Outcomes.
The establishment of this partnership has fostered the institutions' achievement of mutual goals supporting their interconnected visions and missions. Examples of the collaboration's shared goal and activities include: the tripling of clinical education experiences for professional Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students; establishment of 2 post professional PT residency programs; proliferation of DPT teaching opportunities for Shirley Ryan AbiltyLab clinical PTs with formal university academic appointments for 6 Shirley Ryan Ability Lab PTs; and clinical appointments for 7 of 34 eligible DPTHMS faculty members. The internalization dimension is evidenced by regularly scheduled communications; promotion of opportunities for mutual acquaintanceship through shared boards and teams; socialization opportunities; and trust-building across institutions. The primary example of formalization is the legal collaboration agreement signed in 2013 and amended in 2019. Partnership governance is achieved through a structure of designated liaisons, shared boards, and regular interinstitutional leadership meetings.

Discussion and Conclusion.
D'Amour's structuration model describes predictors for successful interinstitutional clinical–academic partnerships. The model's 4 collaboration dimensions facilitate the assessment of partnership success for both established partnerships and for institutions in the planning stage of such collaborations.
Reliability and Validity of the Student Version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory in Physical Therapist Students
Authors: Smith Allison , Ellison Jennifer , Bogardus Jennifer , Gleeson Peggy 
Published: February 2022

Introduction.
Limited research exists on burnout in physical therapists (PTs) and PT students. The prevalence of PT student burnout is unknown and few outcome measures exist to study burnout in students. The purpose of this study was to assess the test–retest reliability and internal consistency of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory for Students (OLBI-S) and convergent validity of the OLBI-S with the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey for Students (MBI-GSS) in Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students.

Review of Literature.
Most authors studying burnout have used the MBI, which has been criticized in recent years. The OLBI was developed in response to the criticisms and psychometric limitations of the MBI. The OLBI-S has not yet been validated in PT students.

Subjects.
Participants included a convenience sample of DPT students attending Texas Woman's University in Houston during the fall semester of 2020.

Methods.
Students completed the OLBI-S and MBI-GSS and completed the OLBI-S a second time 1 week later. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to examine test–retest reliability, Cronbach's α was calculated to assess internal consistency, and convergent validity was assessed by calculating Pearson's correlations comparing corresponding subscales for the OLBI-S and MBI-GSS.

Results.
Test–retest reliability was excellent for both the OLBI-S exhaustion subscale (ICC = .916, P < .001) and the OLBI-S disengagement subscale (ICC = .955, P < .001). Internal consistency was good for both the exhaustion subscale (Cronbach's α = .833) and the disengagement subscale (Cronbach's α = .784). Convergent validity was found to be good between the OLBI-S and MBI-GSS exhaustion subscales (r = .741, P < .001) as well as the disengagement subscale of the OLBI-S and cynicism subscale of the MBI-GSS (r = .766, P < .001).

Discussion and Conclusion.
The OLBI-S has excellent reliability, good validity, and is a free alternative outcome measure to the MBI-GSS to measure burnout in DPT students.
Infant Carrying in the United States: A Survey of Current Practices, Physical and Mental Health Benefits, and Challenges of Babywearing
Authors: Havens Kathryn L. , Johnson Eileen V. , Day Elizabeth N. , Holdener Caleb J. , Starnes Catherine P. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Parents carry their infants, toddlers, and young children every day. An ergonomic aid to carry (ie, babywearing) has been used for generations by caregivers of young children worldwide. While the benefits of close physical contact for infants are well documented, little is known on how this additional load impacts the health of the caregiver.

Objective:
An understanding of how babies are carried during their early years, especially how this behavior affects the musculoskeletal and mental health of the caregiver, is the first step to understanding this dynamic and is the objective of this research.

Study Design:
Cross-sectional observational study.

Methods:
A survey was designed to provide insight into current practices in the United States and the self-perceived physical and mental health benefits or challenges to babywearing.

Results:
A total of 3758 babywearing enthusiasts with a high level of experience and frequent babywearing responded. Respondents reported babywearing to allow for multitasking (97%) and for bonding/attachment (87%). Increased babywearing frequency was associated with improvements in fatigue, insomnia, and interest in sex among caregivers. Most respondents had experienced back pain (82%). Urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse appear more prevalent than other research reports, although strong relationships were not found with babywearing. Finally, respondents had mild symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression. Surprisingly, no relationships were identified between mental health scales and babywearing frequency or experience.

Conclusions:
Taken together, this data provides a better understanding of physical and mental health of caregivers in the United States, especially as they relate to babywearing.
See the Video, Supplemental Digital Content A (available at: http://links.lww.com/JWHPT/A72).
Three-Dimensional Changes in the Mandibular Proximal Segment After Using a Surgery-First Approach in Patients With Class III Malocclusion and Facial Asymmetry
Authors: Kim MyungSu , Jha Nayansi , Choi Jae-Hong , Kim Yoon-Ji , Lee Uilyong , Cevidanes Lucia , Choi Jin-Young , Baek Seung-Hak 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
This study was performed to evaluate condylar position and angulation after asymmetric mandibular setback between a conventional (CA) and surgery-first approach (SFA) using three-dimensional analysis. The condylar positions of 30 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry who underwent 1-jaw (sagittal split ramus osteotomy) or 2-jaw orthognathic surgery (Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy) with CA (n = 18) or SFA (n = 12) from 2 university hospitals were studied. The three-dimensional assessment of condylar changes was performed using computed tomography images at the initial time point (T0) and at least 6 months after surgery (T1). Segmentation of condyles and cranial base assessment from cone-beam computed tomography images were performed using ITK-SNAP software (version 3.4.0). Condylar position and angulation changes were calculated using 3D Slicer software (version 4.10.2), and statistical analysis was performed. No significant translational or rotational condylar changes were observed between the deviated and non-deviated sides in each group or between the CA and SFA groups except yaw (p = 0.014). Linear mixed-model analysis and multi-variate analysis showed no significant difference between the CA and SFA groups. Surgery-first approach might not be associated with more harmful effects on the condylar position and angulation changes as compared with CA.
The Clinical Features and Molecular Mechanism of Pituitary Adenoma Associated With Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Zhu Haibo , Wang Dawei , Miao Yazhou , Guo Jing , Shen Yutao , Zhang Yazhuo , Li Chuzhong 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
To explore the clinical features and mechanism of pituitary adenoma associated with vestibular schwannoma (PAVS).

Patients and Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed pituitary adenoma patients in Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2016. A total of two pituitary adenoma samples, 1 vestibular schwannoma sample and one paired pituitary adenoma/blood sample were subjected next-generation sequencing and sanger sequence.

Results:
A total of 5675 pituitary adenoma patients from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2016, were retrospectively analyzed; of these, 4 (7%) patients met the criteria of PAVS. Clinical variable analyses revealed significant correlations between PAVS and older age when compared with sporadic pituitary adenoma (SPA) or sporadic vestibular schwannoma (SVS). The authors found that there were 2 germline mutations of XKR3 in 2/4 PAVS patients. Therefore, the authors speculated that XKR3 might be a genetic predisposition factor. The result also showed that there was no NF2 mutation and NF2-related symptom in the 4 PAVS samples.

Conclusions:
PAVS had a significant correlation with older age when compared with SPA and SVS. XKR3 may be a genetic predisposition factor for PAVS, it represents a therapeutic target for PAVS in the future.
Subjective and Objective Evaluation of Speech in Adult Patients with Unrepaired Cleft Palate
Authors: Lou Qun , Wang Xudong , Jiang Liping , Wang Guomin , Chen Yang , Liu Qiong 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
To explore the speech outcomes of adult patients through subjective perception evaluation and objective acoustic analysis, and to compare the differences in pronunciation characteristics between speakers with adult patients with unrepaired cleft palate and their non-cleft peers.

Participants and Intervention:
Subjective evaluation indicators included speech intelligibility, nasality, and consonant missing rate, whereas objective acoustic parameters included normalized vowel formants, voice onset time, and the analysis of three-dimensional spectrogram and spectrum, were carried out on speech samples produced by 2 groups of speakers: (a) speakers with unrepaired cleft palate (n = 65, mean age = 25.1 years) and (b) typical speakers (n = 30, mean age = 23.7 years).

Results:
Compared with typical speakers, individuals with unrepaired cleft palate exhibited a lower speech intelligibility with higher nasality and consonant missing rate, the missing rate is highest for the 6 consonants syllables The acoustic parameters are mainly manifested as differences in vowel formants and voice onset time.

Conclusions:
The results revealed important acoustical differences between adult patients with unrepaired cleft palate and typical speakers. The trend of spectral deviation may have contributed to the difficulty in producing pressure vowels and aspirated consonants in individuals with speech disorders related to cleft palate.