bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delineation of nutrient management zones for precise fertilizer management in wheat crop using geo‐statistical techniques
Authors: Ameer Sikander , Cheema Muhammad Jehanzeb Masud , Khan Muhammad Azeem , Amjad Muhammad , Noor Mohsin , Wei Lin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the variability in crop yield in relation to the spatial variations in soil properties can help to more efficiently apply agricultural inputs on a site‐specific basis. This study was designed to characterize and quantify the spatial variation in soil properties and wheat yield and to delineate prescription maps for site‐specific fertilization. A wheat field was selected at the research farm of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, and a grid pattern (30 m * 30 m) was established at the experimental sites to collect soil and crop yield samples at two sampling depths (0–15 & 15–30 cm). The soil samples were analysed for soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM) and saturation (S) at both sampling depths. The locations of the sampling points and field boundary were marked with a GPS receiver. Results of classical, geo‐statistical and interpolated maps revealed significant spatial variability in soil properties and crop yield, demanding for site‐specific nutrient management. The cluster analysis was performed to group the soil and yield data into five productivity zones termed as ‘very low’, ‘low’, ‘medium’, ‘high’ and ‘very high’ without prior knowledge of productivity potential with the internal homogeneity and external heterogeneity at a similarity level of greater than 70%. Results of correlation matrix suggested significant relationships among the crop yield and the soil properties. Results of means comparison in different productivity zones indicated that the crop yield and soil properties were significantly different in developed management zones except ‘low’ and ‘very low’ zones. Significant variation of soil nutrients in very low‐to‐very high productivity zones at both sampling depths suggested that the soil nutrients in combination with soil pH and organic matter can be used to develop prescription maps for site‐specific fertilization. Furthermore, the results of this study emphasize the need to predict soil and crop variables using sensors, in future studies, to delineate prescription maps, as soil sampling and analysis is expansive and time consuming. Site‐specific fertilization based on soil and crop needs can improve economic and environmental efficiency.
Modelling the event‐based hydrological response of olive groves on steep slopes and clayey soils under mulching and tillage management using the SCS‐CN, Horton and USLE‐family models
Authors: Bombino Giuseppe , Denisi Pietro , Gómez José Alfonso , Zema Demetrio Antonio , Zimbone Santo Marcello 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe SCS‐CN, Horton and USLE‐family models are used worldwide, but few examples are available for olive groves on steep and clayey soils under mulching of pruning residues. We evaluate the accuracy in predicting runoff and soil loss of a steep (20%) and clayey olive grove subject to three soil conservation practices: mechanical tillage (MT), mulching with pruning residues (NTR) and standard protection (SP), measured at plot scale in Southern Italy during 30 months under natural rainfall. The models were calibrated by adjusting the Curve Numbers (for the SCS‐CN model) and the C‐factors (MUSLE and USLE‐M); the Horton model was not calibrated. The model performance was assessed by qualitative and quantitative procedures. In all practices, the SCS‐CN was more accurate for runoff predictions (mean difference of 7% compared with corresponding observations) compared with the Horton (mean difference of 30%). For soil erosion, the MUSLE showed better performance in soils subject to MT or total protection (differences lower than 10%), while the USLE‐M was more reliable to simulate soil loss in mulched plots (differences of 8%). A set of Curve Numbers (95 for MT, 70 for SP and 85 for NTR) and C‐factors (0.4 for MT, 0.2 for SP and 0.1 for NTR) are proposed for applications in steep slope and clayey soil olive orchards using the SCS‐CN and USLE proposed models, respectively. Validation exercises in other environmental experimental conditions would enhance the export these models for runoff and erosion control in agricultural soils treated with mulching.
Clay fraction properties and grassland management imprint on soil organic matter composition and stability at molecular level
Authors: Baumann Karen , Eckhardt Kai‐Uwe , Schöning Ingo , Schrumpf Marion , Leinweber Peter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe dynamics of soil carbon in grassland are partly determined by soil organic matter (SOM) composition. However, it remains unclear which role grassland management plays in the interplay between SOM composition and carbon dynamics. Using pyrolysis‐field ionization mass spectrometry (Py‐FIMS), we studied the effect of meadow, mown pasture and pasture on the molecular SOM composition in German topsoils. In sandy soils of the Schorfheide‐Chorin region, SOM composition and stability were strongly affected by clay contents and concentrations of crystalline Fe‐oxides. Here, the grassland management type influenced lipid proportions, which accounted for a maximum of 11.1% of the total ion intensity (TII) under mown pasture. In the Hainich‐Dün region, SOM composition was mainly related to the SOM decomposition stage (abundance of potentially recalcitrant compounds) but not to minerals. Compound classes of carbohydrates (4.3% TII), phenols and lignin monomers (8.5% TII), N‐containing compounds (2.2% TII) and peptides (4.6% TII) were highest under meadow, while compound classes of lignin dimers (3.4% TII) and lipids (8.1% TII) were highest under pasture. In the Schwäbische Alb region, the proportion of free fatty acids (1.6 to 2.3% TII) was positively related to the C/N ratio (r = 0.86); SOM stability was positively affected by poorly crystalline Fe‐oxide content (r = 0.85). The results suggest that grassland management is affecting SOM composition and stability and thus influence SOM dynamics in grasslands. However, the proportion and composition (Fe‐oxide content) of the soil clay fraction overrode grassland management effects if soil clay/OC ratios were <10.
The sociolinguistic dynamics of Russian and English in post‐1990 Lithuania
Authors: Vaicekauskienė Loreta 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe paper describes the sociolinguistic history of English in one of the post‐Soviet Eastern European countries ‐ Lithuania ‐ covering three post‐1990 decades. The aim is to examine the dynamics of the spread of English in relation to the ‘non‐native’ Russian, the main lingua franca and L2 in this region after WWII until 1990. Based on a set of attitudinal, educational and self‐assessment data as well as mixed language use for identity construction, the study shows that English was not accepted as rapidly as is sometimes claimed. With lower English scores and additional Russian, the ‘periphery’ of the Expanding Circle remains noticeably distinct from the European context. In demographic terms, however, the end of the third post‐1990 decade can be considered a turning point in the sociolinguistic development of the community, led by the youth generations born around 1990 and after.
First report and genotyping of Dientamoeba fragilis in pet budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus), with zoonotic importance
Authors: Yetismis Gamze , Yildirim Alparslan , Pekmezci Didem , Duzlu Onder , Ciloglu Arif , Onder Zuhal , Simsek Emrah , Ercan Nuri , Pekmezci Gokmen Zafer , Inci Abdullah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe protozoan Dientamoeba fragilis is one of the most common parasites in the digestive system of humans worldwide. The host range and transmission routes of D. fragilis, including the role of animals, are still ambiguous with few reports from non‐human primates, sheep, rodents, pigs, a cat and a dog. In this study, we used microscopic and TaqMan qPCR analyses to investigate D. fragilisin 150 faecal samples from pet budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Dientamoeba fragilis DNA was detected in 32 samples, resulting in a mean prevalence of 21.3%. In microscopic examination, trophozoites/cysts of D. fragilis were detected in 13 of 32 qPCR‐positive samples. SSU rRNA sequence analyses of the qPCR‐positive isolates identified genotype 1 of D. fragilis as predominant in budgerigars. Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU rRNA gene region clustered D. fragilis genotypes, as well as other trichomonads, in separate monophyletic clusters with bootstrap values ≥79.0. Our study provides the first evidence for the natural host status of pet budgerigars for D. fragilisand contributes to the knowledge of the epidemiology of this parasite. The high prevalence of genotype 1 of D. fragilis suggests that pet budgerigars are suitable reservoirs for zoonotic transmission. Our findings contribute to an increased awareness and knowledge of D. fragilis infections in the context of a one‐health approach.
Strouhal Number for Vortex-Induced Vibration Excitation of Long Slender Structures
Authors: Potts Douglas A. , Marcollo Hayden , Jayasinghe Kanishka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A variety of contemporary test data for elastically mounted cylinders, with the freedom to oscillate under one degree-of-freedom (1DOF, i.e., cross-flow) and 2DOF (i.e., cross-flow and in-line) were evaluated and compared against the conventional Strouhal number relationship. It is well established for vortex-induced vibration (VIV) that the eddy-shedding frequency will synchronize with the near-resonant motions of a dynamically oscillating cylinder, such that the resultant bandwidth of lock-in exhibits a wider range of effective Strouhal numbers than that reflected in the narrow-banded relationship about a mean of 0.2. However, whilst cylinders oscillating under 1DOF exhibit a mean Strouhal number of 0.2 consistent with fixed/stationary cylinders, cylinders with 2DOF exhibit a much lower mean Strouhal number of around 0.14–0.15.
Maintenance of Exercise Habit and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Previously Sedentary People: A 7-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Masotti Sabrina , Menegatti Erica , Zerbini Valentina , Raisi Andrea , Piva Tommaso , Morelli Martina , Lordi Rosario , Grazzi Giovanni , Mazzoni Gianni , Mandini Simona 
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study was to assess whether the level of physical activity in daily life in previously sedentary adults had been sustained 7 years beyond a 1-year supervised walking program. One hundred ten participants (63 females, 57.5 ± 8.4 years; 47 males, 66.4 ± 7.9 years) were recalled and assessed for physical activity in daily life, weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and walking speed. Fifty-nine percentage of the participants measured met and exceeded the World Health Organization physical activity guidelines (Group 1), while 41% did not (Group 2). In both groups, we observed a significant decrease of weight (72.0 ± 14.0 kg vs. 69.7  ± 14.0 kg in Group 1; 77.4  ± 19.5 kg vs. 75.4 ± 18.6 kg in Group 2) and body mass index (25.9 ± 3.7 vs. 25.1 ± 3.9 in Group 1; 27.9 ± 5.6 vs. 27.2 ± 5.4 in Group 2). Group 1 showed a significant increase in walking speed (5.8  ± 0.7 km/hr vs. 6.2  ± 0.8 km/hr), while systolic pressure did not change from the baseline. In Group 2, systolic pressure significantly increased (131.3 ± 13.5 mmHg vs. 138.0  ± 15.5  mmHg), while walking speed did not change. A guided walking program seems to have been effective in educating sedentary people to remain physically active over time.
Relationship of Functional Outcome With Sarcopenia and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Patients With Stroke Undergoing Rehabilitation
Authors: Kanai Masashi , Nozoe Masafumi , Ohtsubo Takuro , Yasumoto Iori , Ueno Katsuhiro 
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate the relationship of Functional Independence Measure for motor function (FIM-M) with sarcopenia, and physical activity in patients with stroke undergoing rehabilitation. This cross-sectional study included patients with stroke at a single convalescent rehabilitation hospital. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria. Physical activity was measured as the duration of light-intensity physical activity and moderate to vigorous physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer. Of 80 patients (median age: 72.0 years), 46 (57.5%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. In multivariate linear regression analysis, FIM-M score was significantly associated with sarcopenia (β = −0.15, p = .043) and light-intensity physical activity (β = 0.55, p < .001). In another model, FIM-M score was significantly associated with moderate to vigorous physical activity (β = 0.27, p = .002) but not with sarcopenia. This study demonstrated that FIM-M was partially associated with sarcopenia and associated with physical activity regardless of intensity in patients with stroke.
Validity of a Novel Algorithm to Detect Bedtime, Wake Time, and Sleep Time in Adults
Authors: Leister Kyle R. , Garay Jessica , Barreira Tiago V. 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: To determine accuracy of activPAL Technologies’ CREA algorithm to assess bedtime, wake time, and sleep time. Methods: As part of a larger study, 104 participants recorded nightly sleep logs (LOGs) and wore the activPAL accelerometer at the thigh and ActiGraph accelerometer at the hip for 24 hr/day, for seven consecutive days. For sleep LOGs, participants recorded nightly bed and daily wake times. Previously validated ActiGraph, proprietary activPAL, and the Winkler sleep algorithm were used to compute sleep variables. Eighty-seven participants provided 2+ days of valid data. Pearson correlations, paired samples t tests, and equivalency tests were used to examine relationships and differences between methods (activPAL vs. ActiGraph, activPAL vs. LOG, and activPAL vs. Winkler algorithm). Results: For screened data, moderately high to high correlations but significant mean differences were found between activPAL versus ActiGraph for bedtime (t86 = −6.80, p ≤ .01, r = .84), wake time (t86 = 4.80, p ≤ .01, r = .93), and sleep time (t86 = 7.99, p ≤ .01, r = .88). activPAL versus LOG comparisons also yielded significant mean differences and moderately high to high correlations for bedtime (t86 = −4.68, p ≤ .01, r = .82), wake time (t86 = 8.14, p ≤ .01, r = .93), and sleep time (t86 = 8.60, p ≤ .01, r = .72). Equivalency testing revealed that equivalency could not be claimed between activPAL versus LOG or activPAL versus ActiGraph comparisons, though the activPAL and Winkler algorithm were equivalent. Conclusion: The activPAL algorithm overestimated sleep time by detecting earlier bedtimes and later wake times. Because of the significant differences between algorithms, bedtime, wake time, and sleep time are not interchangeable between methods.
Pulling the Trigger: The Effect of a 5-Minute Slow Diaphragmatic Breathing Intervention on Psychophysiological Stress Responses and Pressurized Pistol Shooting Performance
Authors: Conlon Aodhagán , Arnold Rachel , Preatoni Ezio , Moore Lee J. 
Published: April 2022

This study examined the effect of slow diaphragmatic breathing on psychophysiological stress responses and pressurized performance. Sixty-seven participants (40 female;Mage = 20.17 ± 2.77 years) were randomly assigned to either a diaphragmatic-breathing, paced-breathing, or control group. Participants completed a nonpressurized shooting task and then received instructions about a pressurized version. Next, the diaphragmatic group was told to breathe at 6 breaths/min, the paced group at 12 breaths/min, and the control group received no instructions. Following a 5-min intervention period, participants completed the pressurized task while performance was assessed. Psychophysiological stress responses (e.g., cognitive anxiety, heart rate) were recorded throughout. Results revealed that diaphragmatic breathing had mixed effects on stress responses, with some unaffected (e.g., heart rate) and others reduced (e.g., cognitive anxiety), and little effect on performance. Findings suggested that slow diaphragmatic breathing might not aid pressurized performance but could benefit psychological stress responses.
Light deflection angle by superentropic black holes
Authors: Belhaj A. , Belmahi H. , Benali M. , El Moumni H. 
Published: April 2022

Motivated by recent works on light deflection and shadow behaviors on AdS geometries [S. Haroon, M. Jamil, K. Jusufi, K. Lin and R. B. Mann, Phys. Rev. D 99 (2019) 044015, arXiv:1810.04103; A. Belhaj, H. Belmahi and M. Benali, Phys. Lett. B 821 (2021) 136619, arXiv:2110.06771], we investigate the deflection angle of light rays by superentropic black holes. Taking appropriate approximations, we first obtain the involved expression. For large values of the impact parameter, we get a specific value being zero for ordinary black holes without AdS backgrounds. Then, we examine and analyze such an optical quantity by providing graphical discussions in terms of a bounded region of the moduli space required by superentropic black hole conditions. Concretely, we study the deflection angle aspects by varying the black hole mass being fixed in the previous findings.
Computed Tomography Images under Artificial Intelligence Algorithms on the Treatment Evaluation of Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Minimally Invasive Aspiration
Authors: Sun Junfeng , Zheng Xiaojun , Gao Qiang , Wang Xiaofeng , Qiao Yu , Li Jialong 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of minimally invasive aspiration on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the value of artificial intelligence algorithm combined with computed tomography (CT) image evaluation. Ninety-two patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into experimental group (46 cases, minimally invasive aspiration therapy) and control group (46 cases, traditional craniotomy therapy) according to different treatment methods, and CT image scanning was performed. In addition, a CT image segmentation model of intracerebral hemorrhage based on improved fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm (n-FCM) was proposed to process the CT images of the patients. The results showed that the Dice coefficient of n-FCM algorithm after the addition of salt and pepper noise was 0.89, which was higher than that of traditional algorithm; the average operation time of experimental group was

58.93
±
5.33

min, which was significantly lower than that of control group (

90.21
±
16.24

min) (

P
<
0.05

); the overall response rate of experimental group was 93.48%, which was significantly higher than that of control group (76.09%) (

P
<
0.05

); one month after operation, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of experimental group was

3.89
±
1.95

points, and the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) score was

10.67
±
1.76

points, which was significantly lower than that of control group (

P
<
0.05

); the incidence rate of complications in experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group (

P
<
0.05

). It showed that the n-FCM algorithm was superior to the traditional algorithm in CT image processing, with the advantages of good denoising effect and less running time. Minimally invasive aspiration treatment had the advantages of operation time, convenient operation, and less damage to patients, which was beneficial to postoperative recovery and prognosis of patients.
Performance Evaluation System Based on Online Monitoring of Internet of Things
Authors: Li Ning , Zhang Qianhui , Zhao Zhuang 
Published: April 2022

Research on performance evaluation system based on online monitoring of Internet of things technology, taking medical imaging equipment as an example. Build the performance management platform of the Internet of things through four aspects: data acquisition, network architecture, CPU, and display output. Select 100 medical imaging devices in clinical use in the hospital and divide them into the control group (50 sets) and the observation group (50 sets) according to different management modes. The control group adopts conventional performance management mode, and the observation group implements Internet of things performance management mode. Compare the differences of equipment operation performance, cost-effectiveness, and service effect between the two groups. The experimental results showed that the equipment utilization rate, operation rate, inspection schedule balance, and technician schedule balance of the observation group were better than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (

P

< 0.05). The quarterly cost-benefit increase of x-ray examination equipment, CT equipment, Mr equipment, interventional radiotherapy equipment, color ultrasound instrument, and nuclear medicine equipment in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (

P

< 0.05). The satisfaction of imaging doctors, technicians, engineers, and patients with the equipment service quality of the observation group was higher than that of the control group; the difference was statistically significant (

P

< 0.05). It is proved that the Internet of things performance management platform of medical imaging equipment can solve the problems of untimely information collection and unscientific scheduling during equipment operation, realize the real-time display and statistics of equipment operation performance, and improve the operation efficiency and service level of medical imaging equipment.
Efficacy Analysis of the Reinforcing and Circulation-Promoting Protocol of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Treatment of Twenty-Four Patients with Refractory Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Zhou Jincao , Wang Jingjing , Chen Zhongjie , Wu Mozheng , Jiao Yue , He liyun 
Published: April 2022

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to observe the clinical efficacy of the reinforcing and circulation-promoting protocol of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of refractory chronic low back pain, analyze therapeutic principles to obtain treatment efficacy, and develop new therapeutic principles to treat chronic low back pain. Methods. Twenty-four patients from the registry of patients suffering from refractory chronic low back pain were invited to our self-controlled case series, which was conducted in “real-world” settings. We implemented the reinforcing and circulation-promoting protocol of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat these patients and used the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) as the observation indices. Results. All 24 patients completed the treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion. The VAS of low back pain was 6.83 ± 2.18 before treatment and 2.13 ± 1.45 after treatment. The difference before and after treatment was significant (

P

< 0.001). The ODI was 28.21 ± 13.06 before treatment and 16.63 ± 7.20 after treatment. Their difference before and after treatment was significant (

P

< 0.001). Conclusion. The reinforcing and circulation-promoting protocol of acupuncture and moxibustion is effective in treating refractory chronic low back pain mainly because low back pain can be significantly relieved and motor function can be promoted. This trial was registered with AMCTR-OOO-17000045 (3 December 2016).