bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of the medial amygdala disrupts escalated aggression in lactating female mice after repeated exposure to male intruders
Authors: Abellán-Álvaro María , Martinez-Garcia Ferran , Lanuza Enrique , Agustin-Pavon Carmen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Virgin female laboratory mice readily express maternal care when co-housed with dams and pups. However, pup-sensitized virgins fail to express maternal aggression on a single session of testing. To study whether repeated testing would affect the onset and dynamics of maternal aggression we tested dams and their accompanying virgins from postpartum day 4 to 6. Repeated testing led to escalated aggression towards male intruders in dams, but virgins never developed aggression. In dams, inhibition of the medial amygdala using DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) vectors carrying the hM4Di receptor blocked the expected increase in maternal aggression on the second testing day. Our data support that the onset of maternal aggression is linked to physiological changes occurring during motherhood, and that medial amygdala, a key centre integrating vomeronasal, olfactory and hormonal information, enables the expression of escalated aggression induced by repeated testing.
Preparation and characterization of the poplar micro-nano cellulose sustainable carbon spheres
Authors: HAO Sufen , ZHANG Qian , GUO Qiang , Yu WANG , Pingping LI , Huang Jintian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cellulose extracted from the factory waste poplar, converted into value-added carbon spheres by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Oxygen-rich functional group carbon spheres with smooth morphology, good dispersibility, controllable particle size, high carbon content and high calorific value were prepared under different process conditions. The optimum process conditions for obtaining good shape are temperature 250℃, time 12h, and cellulose dosage 1g. Under these conditions, the produced carbon microspheres have smooth surface, high dispersion and uniform particles. FTIR, XPS and elemental analysis indicated that the carbon content was as high as ~ 75% with increasing temperature and time, and the theoretically calculated HHV was 29.4 MJ/kg. The H/C and O/C ratios are quite different relative to the raw materials, demonstrating that cellulose undergoes dehydration, decarboxylation and demethylation during hydrothermal carbonization to form carbon microspheres with oxygen-rich functional groups. The carbon materials were analyzed by BET, TG, Raman and XRD, which further proved that the carbon microspheres are high-concentration aromatized amorphous non-porous carbon materials.
Tracking the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown policy on public mental health using social media
Authors: Li Minghui , Hua Yining , Liao Yanhui , Zhou Li , Li Xue , Wang Ling , Yang Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its corresponding preventive and control measures have increased the mental burden on the public. Social media serve as important platforms to timely track public mental status. In this study, we conducted social-media-based analyses on temporal, geographical and occupational distributions of public mental health status during the pandemic, and how the public reacted to the lock-down policy from the perspective of mental health. We extracted 2,973,319 mental health-related tweets of 1,778,140 users from February 1, 2020 to September 30, 2021. We found that, compared to the general public, healthcare workers had higher concerns on three types of mental health problems (depression, insomnia, addiction) (P<0.001) and focused more on clinical topics while the public worried more about daily life issues. The lockdown policy in New York was correlated with a proportional decrease of mental health-related tweets, while Florida had an opposite correlation (both P<0.05). Our findings indicated that the mental burden brought by the pandemic varied across occupations and locations and changed over time.
The Urban Hydraulic Systems of Bijapur - A Historic Appraisal
Authors: Valliyil Govindankutty 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The city of Bijapur is located in the dry Deccan region of India, yet ensured 24x7 water supply to its citizens be it for agricultural or domestic use during the 14th to 18th centuries under the Bahmani and Adil-Shahi Dynasty. Two unique urban water systems the Kharejari and Muhammed Nada accompanied by several cisterns made it possible to populate and develop a city in the semi-arid region of India. Watershed management techniques were applied to ensure the sustainability of these water systems. Though, in ruins provides water for irrigation and domestic use even today. Extensive ground surveys were carried out to record every segment using a mobile-based mapping application and handheld navigation device. Satellite data, topographical maps, historic maps and literature reviews aided in linking up all segments to prepare the first complete map of the Kharejari and Muhammed Nada water systems. Bijapur, a heritage city of Karnataka State, has undergone unplanned organic urban growth coupled with a lack of awareness, understanding, conservation practices and appropriate implementation of existing policies have resulted in an unsustainable geophysical alteration of the fragile hydraulic landscape affecting these unique water systems. This paper discusses the intricate details of the historic water systems of Bijapur and discusses the challenges in conserving them as national heritage.
A spatiotemporal ensemble machine learning framework for generating land use / land cover time-series maps for Europe (2000 – 2019) based on LUCAS, CORINE and GLAD Landsat
Authors: Witjes Martijn , Parente Leandro , Diemen Chris J. van , Hengl Tomislav , Landa Martin , Brodsky Lukas , Halounova Lena , Krizan Josip , Antonic Luka , Ilie Codrina M , Craciunescu Vasile , Kilibarda Milan , Antonijevic Ognjen , Glusica Luka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A seamless spatiotemporal machine learning framework for automated prediction and analysis of long-term Land Use / Land Cover dynamics is presented. The framework includes: (1) harmonization and preprocessing of high-resolution spatial and spatiotemporal input datasets (GLAD Landsat, NPP/VIIRS) including 5 million harmonized LUCAS and CORINE Land Cover-derived training samples, (2) model building based on spatial k-fold cross-validation and hyper-parameter optimization, (3) prediction of the most probable class, class probabilities and model variance of predicted probabilities per pixel, (4) LULC change analysis on time-series of produced maps. The spatiotemporal ensemble model consists of a random forest, gradient boosted tree classifier, and an artificial neural network, with a logistic regressor as meta-learner. The results show that the most important variables for mapping LULC in Europe are: seasonal aggregates of Landsat green and near-infrared bands, multiple Landsat-derived spectral indices, long-term surface water probability, and elevation. Spatial cross-validation of the model indicates consistent performance across multiple years with overall accuracy (a weighted F1-score) of 0.49, 0.63, and 0.83 when predicting 43 (level-3), 14 (level-2), and 5 classes (level-1). The spatiotemporal model outperforms spatial models on known-year classification by 2.7% and unknown-year classification by 3.5%. Results of the accuracy assessment using 48,365 independent test samples shows 87% match with the validation points. Results of time-series analysis (time-series of LULC probabilities and NDVI images) suggest forest loss in large parts of Sweden, the Alps, and Scotland.Positive and negative trends in NDVI in general match the land degradation and land restoration classes, with “urbanization” showing the most negative NDVI trend. An advantage of using spatiotemporal ML is that the fitted model can be used to predict LULC in years that were not included in its training dataset,allowing generalization to past and future periods, e.g. to predict LULC for years prior to 2000 and beyond 2020. The generated LULC time-series data stack (ODSE-LULC), including the training points, is publicly available via the ODSE Viewer. Functions used to prepare data and run modeling are available via the eumap library for python.
Universe: the dynamics of the minimum and maximum expansion states
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates Georges 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Two proposals stand out in describing the evolution of the Universe; the predominant one predicts that the expansion began at a certain instant and will not preserve a variation of energy that performs work; flat Universe (Ω = 1) is advocated by relativistic calculations and observational data, with an end at its maximum expansion (3D Space); the other proposal considers that the Universe is cyclical, always alternating phases of expansion and contraction. This article aims to demonstration that these two perspectives can be correct by not being distinct, but complementary. Supported by the immutability of physical laws, analyses of concepts define an exclusive presence of 1D Space in static states of minimum and maximum expansion of the Universe. With our Universe (3D Space) created and existing between these extreme states, each dynamic is highlighted and completes the usual relativity. The concept of absolute rest energy (1D Space) become applicable; thus, the complete evolution of the Universe is described as spatially dynamic in a perpetual time dimension, always recreating our Universe, and making possible a relative maintenance of any existence.
Composition-dependent thermal equation of state of B2 Fe-Si alloys at high pressure
Authors: Yokoo Shunpei , Edmund Eric , Morard Guillaume , Baron Marzena Anna , Boccato Silvia , Decremps Frédéric , Hirose Kei , Pakhomova Anna , Antonangeli Daniele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSolid iron-silicon alloys play an important role in planetary cores, especially for planets that formed under reducing conditions, such as Mercury. The CsCl (B2) structure occupies a considerable portion of the Fe-Si binary phase diagram at pressure and temperature conditions relevant for the core of Mercury, yet its thermodynamic and thermoelastic properties are poorly known. Here, we report in situ X-ray diffraction measurements on iron-silicon alloys with 7–30 wt% Si performed in laser-heated diamond-anvil cells up to ~120 GPa and ~3000 K. Unit-cell volumes of the B2 phase at high pressures and high temperatures have been used to obtain a composition-dependent thermal equation of state of this phase. In turn, the thermal equation of state is exploited to determine the composition of the B2 phase in hcp+B2 mixtures at 30–100 GPa and to place constraints on the hcp+B2/B2 phase boundary, determined to vary between ~13–18 wt% Si in the considered pressure and temperature range. The hcp+B2/B2 boundary of Fe-Si alloys is observed to be dependent on pressure but weakly dependent on temperature. Our results, coupled with literature data on liquid equations of state, yield an estimation of the density contrast between B2 solid and liquid under Mercury’s core conditions, which directly relates to the buoyancy of the crystallizing material. While the density contrast may be large enough to form a solid inner core by the gravitational sinking of B2 alloys in a Si-rich core, the density of the B2 solid is close to that of the liquid at solidus conditions for Si concentration approaching ~10 wt% Si.
Chemical reaction between ferropericlase (Mg,Fe)O and water under high pressure-temperature conditions of the deep lower mantle
Authors: Yang Ziqiang , Yuan Hongsheng , Liu Lu , Giordano Nico , Chen Yongjin , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe presence of water may contribute to compositional heterogeneities observed in the deep lower mantle. Mg-rich ferropericlase (Fp) (Mg,Fe)O in the rock-salt structure is the second most abundant phase in a pyrolitic lower mantle model. To constrain water storage in the deep lower mantle, experiments on the chemical reaction between (Mg,Fe)O and H2O were performed in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell at 95–121 GPa and 2000–2250 K, and the run products were characterized combining in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements with ex-situ chemical analysis on the recovered samples. The pyrite-structured phase FeO2Hx (x ≤ 1, Py-phase) containing a negligible amount of Mg (&lt;1 at%) was formed at the expense of iron content in the Fp-phase through the reaction between (Mg,Fe)O and H2O, thus serving as water storage in the deepest lower mantle. The formation and segregation of nearly Mg-free Py-phase to the base of the lower mantle might provide a new insight into the deep oxygen and hydrogen cycles.
2007 ve 2018 Yılları Türkiye Deprem Yönetmeliklerine Göre Zemin Parametreleri ve Deprem Verilerinin Karşılaştırılması; Siirt İli Vaka Çalışması
Authors: AKYILDIZ Mehmet Hayrullah , AYHAN Ersin 
Published: March 2022

Türkiye Bina Deprem Yönetmeliği (TBDY) 2018 yılında Resmi Gazetede yayımlanarak 2019 yılı ocak ayında uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. 2007 yönetmeliğine oranla içerdiği farklar nedeniyle tasarım ve analiz çıktılarında da farklar oluşmaktadır. Bu farklardan bazıları deprem ve zemin ile ilgili konu başlıkları içerisindedir.
Çalışmada 2007 ve 2018 deprem yönetmeliklerinde bulunan deprem ve zemin parametrelerinin elde edilmesine dair doğan farklar nedeniyle herhangi bir betonarme yapının karkas inşa seviyesinde oluşacak maliyet farklarının elde edilen metraj verilerinden ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır.
Çalışmada bu farklılıklar için bazı yaklaşımlara gidilmiştir. Siirt il merkezinde yer alan 5 mahallede bulunan parseller üzerinde yapılan zemin etüt çalışmalarının sonuçları, 2007 ve 2018 deprem yönetmelikleri esasınca ele alınan yönetmelik koşulları doğrultusunda elde edilmiş olup, bu veriler ışığında zemin özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda ilgili parsellerin deprem verileri de 2007 ve 2018 yönetmelik esaslarına uygun şekilde elde edilmiştir.
Bilgisayar ortamında aynı kat sayısı ve tasarımda oluşturulan yapı modeline deprem ve zemin verileri işlenerek Idecad programında statik analizler yapılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen kalıp, beton, donatı metraj miktarlarından güncel piyasa şartlarına göre bir maliyet kıyaslaması ile değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bu konuda Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığının 2018 yılı Birim Fiyat Poz Tariflerinden yararlanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma sonunda 2018 yönetmeliğine uygun tasarım ile karkas yapı inşa maliyetinin 2007 yönetmeliğine oranla %1,60 civarında maliyet artışı göstereceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Evaluation of WASH indicators associated with diarrhoeal disease among under-five children in an urban slum pocket, Mumbai city, India: a community-based repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: Wani H. , Smeets P. , Shrivastava S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices are important factors in preventing diarrhoea. The objectives of this study were to assess the behaviour of the mothers of under-five children with regard to WASH practices, water quality, incidence rate of diarrhoea and the WASH predictors responsible for diarrhoea and water contamination, using multivariate regression analysis. The present study was conducted in households (n=55) having under-five children (n = 88) based in an urban slum pocket of Mumbai city, India. Key satisfactory practices included (percent household following them in parenthesis) boiling of water (63.6%) and daily cleaning of storage containers (74.5%). Households followed unsatisfactory practices during water transfer (72.7%), handwashing (58.2%), defaecation location (96.4%) and disposal of children's faeces (98.2%). The incidence rate of diarrhoea among &lt;5-year-old children was 4.7 diarrhoeal episodes/100 child months. 86 and 39.7% of untreated and boiled drinking water samples had coliforms, while 12.5 and 5.1% had E. coli, respectively. Untreated drinking water and water sourced from shared taps were significantly associated with the incidence of diarrhoea (p &lt; 0.05), and inconsistent in-house treatment of water was significantly associated with the presence of coliforms in drinking water (p &lt; 0.05). The study results suggest that WASH advocacy and an improvement in sanitation-related infrastructure for the slum population can reduce diarrhoeal incidence.
Nanomaterials-based Drug Delivery Approaches for Wound Healing
Authors: Girija Aswathy Ravindran , Balasubramanian Sivakumar , Cowin Allison J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that requires intricate synchronization between
multiple cell types within appropriate extracellular microenvironment. Wound healing process involves four
overlapping phases in a precisely regulated manner, consisting of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and
maturation. For an effective wound healing, all four phases must follow in a sequential pattern within a time
frame. Several factors might interfere with one or more of these phases in healing process, thus causing improper
or impaired wound healing resulting in non-healing chronic wounds. The complications associated with
chronic non-healing wounds, along with the limitations of existing wound therapies, have led to the development
and emergence of novel and innovative therapeutic interventions. Nanotechnology presents unique and
alternative approaches to accelerate the healing of chronic wounds by the interaction of nanomaterials during
different phases of wound healing. This review focuses on recent innovative nanotechnology-based strategies
for wound healing and tissue regeneration based on nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanocomposites
and scaffolds. The efficacy of the intrinsic therapeutic potential of nanomaterials (including silver, gold, zinc
oxide, copper, cerium oxide, etc.) and the ability of nanomaterials as carriers (liposomes, hydrogels, polymeric
nanomaterials, nanofibers) and therapeutic agents associated with wound-healing applications have also been
addressed. The significance of these nanomaterial-based therapeutic interventions for wound healing needs to
be highlighted to engage researchers and clinicians towards this new and exciting area of bio-nanoscience. We
believe that these recent developments will offer researchers an updated source for the use of nanomaterials as
an advanced approach to improve wound healing.
Qingchang Mixture Prevents the Intestinal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury
through TLR4/NF-kB Pathway
Authors: Zhang Yunjie , Zhou Yongkun , Wang Meng , Zhu Yong , Liu Shujuan , Tian Zhaochun , Zhu Pengfei 
Published: March 2022

Objection:
This study aims to determine the protective effect and molecular responses
of the traditional Chinese medicine Qingchang mixture on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Methods:
The rat intestinal IR model was prepared. The intestinal ischemic injury was evaluated
by HE staining, biochemical assay and western blot. In addition, a human hypoxia-reoxygenation
(HR) in vitro model was prepared using intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6). The viability and apoptosis
of IEC-6 cells were measured by CCK8 and apoptosis detection. TAK242 or PDTC was used
as a small molecule inhibitor of TLR4 or NF-κB, respectively.

Results:
Compared with the IR group, the pretreatment of the Qingchang mixture reduced the
morphological damage, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and barrier function damage of
the small intestine tissue. IR significantly increased the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB, while the
pretreatment of the Qingchang mixture inhibited the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB. Furthermore,
the pretreatment of Qingchang mixture, TAK242, or PDTC effectively improved the viability and
hindered apoptosis of the HR-induced IEC-6 cells.

Conclusions:
Traditional Chinese medicine Qingchang mixture prevents intestinal IR injury
through TLR4/NF-kB pathway.
Cytochromes P450: Role in Carcinogenesis and Relevance to Cancers
Authors: Abu-Bakar A’edah , Tan Boon Hooi , Halim Hasseri , Ramli Salfarina , Pan Yan , Ong Chin Eng 
Published: March 2022

Abstracts:
Cancer is a leading cause of mortality globally. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play a pivotal role in
the biotransformation of both endogenous and exogenous compounds. Various lines of evidence from epidemiological,
animal, and clinical studies point to the instrumental role of CYPs in cancer initiation, metastasis, and prevention.
Substantial research has found that CYPs are involved in activating different carcinogenic chemicals in the environment,
such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco-related nitrosamines. Electrophilic intermediates produced
from these chemicals can covalently bind to DNA, inducing mutation and cellular transformation that collectively
result in cancer development. While bioactivation of procarcinogens and promutagens by CYPs has long been
established, the role of CYP-derived endobiotics in carcinogenesis has only emerged in recent years. Eicosanoids
derived from arachidonic acid via CYP oxidative pathways have been implicated in tumorigenesis, cancer progression
and metastasis. The purpose of this review is to update the current state of knowledge about the molecular cancer
mechanism involving CYPs with a focus on the biochemical and biotransformation mechanisms in the various
CYP-mediated carcinogenesis and the role of CYP-derived reactive metabolites, from both external and endogenous
sources, in cancer growth and tumor formation.
Benzimidazoles Against Certain Breast Cancer Drug Targets: A Review
Authors: Ates-Alagoz Zeynep , Kisla Mehmet Murat 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Benzimidazoles are widely used scaffolds against various types of cancer, including breast cancer. To this end, anticancer agents must be developed using the knowledge of the specific targets of BC.

Objective:
In this study, we aim to review the compounds used against some of the biomolecular targets of breast cancer. To this end, we present information about the various targets, with their latest innovative studies.

Conclusion:
In this study, we aim to review the compounds used against some of the biomolecular targets of breast cancer. To this end, we present information about the various targets, with their latest innovative studies.