bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum prolactin level as a predictive factor for abiraterone response in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Yang Tao , Liu Ying , Chen Shuzhen , Tian Jiale , Zhu Xuyou , Zhang Long , Wang Wei , Qin Yingyi , Richter Jens , Anand Aseem , Xu Chengdang , Chi Yongnan , Wang Chenyang , Bian Cuidong , Wu Denglong , Li Zhenfei , Huang Shengsong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the prognostic value and potential therapeutic target of the baseline serum hormones in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with abiraterone.MethodsThis retrospective study was performed in patients with mCRPC receiving abiraterone acetate (AA) from July 2016 to September 2020. Patients who had serum hormone tests within 2 weeks before AA treatment were included. Univariate analysis and Cox regression were performed to evaluate the correlation of sex hormones with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Prolactin (PRL) expression in the clinical specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Bone metastases were quantified by automated Bone Scan Index (aBSI).ResultsThe study included 61 patients with a median follow‐up of 19.0 months. Patients with lower baseline PRL levels (median) responded better to AA than those with higher baseline PRL levels as indicated by prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) reduction (PSA90, 66.7% vs. 25.8%, p = 0.001), PFS (19.6 vs. 7.9 months), and OS (52.8 vs. 19.2 months). Cox regression adjusted for clinical factors also confirmed that baseline PRL level was an independent predictive factor for PFS (hazard ratio = 1.096, p = 0.007). Prostatic PRL expression increased as the disease progressed. PRL expression was also detected in biopsy samples from bone metastasis but not in normal bone tissue, and the serum PRL levels were positively correlated with aBSIs (r = 0.28, p = 0.037).ConclusionsSerum PRL levels are predictive of response to AA in patients with mCRPC. Serum PRL levels are positively correlated with the volume of metastatic bone disease.
A semi‐mechanistic dose‐finding design in oncology using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling
Authors: Su Xiao , Li Yisheng , Müller Peter , Hsu Chia‐Wei , Pan Haitao , Do Kim‐Anh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile a number of phase I dose‐finding designs in oncology exist, the commonly used ones are either algorithmic or empirical model‐based. We propose a new framework for modeling the dose–response relationship, by systematically incorporating the pharmacokinetic (PK) data collected in the trial and the hypothesized mechanisms of the drug effects, via dynamic PK/PD modeling, as well as modeling of the relationship between a latent cumulative pharmacologic effect and a binary toxicity outcome. This modeling framework naturally incorporates the information on the impact of dose, schedule and method of administration (e.g., drug formulation and route of administration) on toxicity. The resulting design is an extension of existing designs that make use of pre‐specified summary PK information (such as the area under the concentration‐time curve [AUC] or maximum serum concentration [Cmax]). Our simulation studies show, with moderate departure from the hypothesized mechanisms of the drug action, that the performance of the proposed design on average improves upon those of the common designs, including the continual reassessment method (CRM), Bayesian optimal interval (BOIN) design, modified toxicity probability interval (mTPI) method, and a design called PKLOGIT that models the effect of the AUC on toxicity. In case of considerable departure from the underlying drug effect mechanism, the performance of the design is shown to be comparable with that of the other designs. We illustrate the proposed design by applying it to the setting of a phase I trial of a γ‐secretase inhibitor in metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors. We also provide R code to implement the proposed design.
Tautomerism of cytosine, cytidine, and deoxycytidine: Proton transfer through water bridges
Authors: Stoyanova Nina , Enchev Venelin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAltogether six tautomers of cytosine and three tautomers of cytidine and deoxycytidine are studied theoretically in the gas phase and in a microhydrated environment. Their structures are optimized at MP2/6–31 + G(d,p) level. The relative energies of the isolated and the hydrated tautomers included the correction to higher correlation energy terms evaluated at the SCS‐MP2, MP4, and CCSD(T) levels. The free energies at 298 K and higher temperatures are based on the above‐mentioned relative energies and temperature‐dependent enthalpy terms and entropies evaluated at the MP2/6–31 + G(d,p) level. Theoretical predictions for the coexistence of five species for cytosine in the gas phase (canonical, trans‐ and cis‐enol‐amino, trans‐ and cis‐imino‐oxo forms) fully agree with recent experimental results. Five‐hydrated cytosine tautomeric forms of are investigated at CPCM/SCS‐MP2/6–31 + G(d,p) level to evaluate the interconversion barriers between them and to explain the coexistence, experimentally proven, of two amino‐oxo and one imino‐oxo tautomers of cytosine in aqueous solution. The presence of coordinated water molecules acting as a catalyst make the tautomerization processes quite easier. It appeared clear from the obtained data that the influence of the hydrogen‐bonded water molecules as well as the introduction of solvent effects in reducing the height of the tautomerization barriers for these five‐hydrated systems is quite substantial. Similar results are obtained for the tri‐hydrated cytidine and the 2‐deoxycytidine tautomeric forms. In aqueous solution of cytidine, syn‐ and syn‐clinal‐conformers оf the amino‐oxo tautomer should coexist with small amounts of syn‐ and syn‐clinal conformers оf imino‐oxo tautomer. For 2‐deoxycytidine an equilibrium has been found to exist between the syn‐ and anti‐conformers of the amino‐oxo and the imino‐oxo tautomers. The water‐assisted proton transfer reactions released through asynchronous concerted mechanism and the conformation of the sugar ring in nucleosides does not change during the tautomerization.
Enhanced gain‐scheduling fault estimation of discrete‐time Takagi–Sugeno nonlinear systems: A novel free matrix approach
Authors: Xie Xiangpeng , Wan Lei , Xia Jianwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel gain‐scheduling fault estimation is developed on the direction of improving algorithm efficiency based on discrete‐time Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy models. Different from the traditional results in which the zero‐order free matrices are applied, a novel free matrix approach is proposed and the higher‐order free matrices are for the first time introduced in designing conditions of the fuzzy gain‐scheduling fault estimation observer. For each working mode, its proprietary properties about current‐time normalized fuzzy weighting functions are made full use and thus the anti‐interference ability of the developed fuzzy gain‐scheduling fault estimation observer is enhanced without any increase of either the consumed time of solving the required designing criterion or the number of gain scalars needed to be stored in random access memory of the computer in real time. It does provide a good chance to obtain equal or better results of fuzzy gain‐scheduling fault estimation with the usage of much less computing resource than before, which is much meaningful to the applications of theoretical methods. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of our developed free matrix approach are tested and validated by using performance comparisons on the benchmark example.
The path to sustainable municipal solid waste management: Do human development, energy efficiency, and income inequality matter?
Authors: Kocak Emrah , Baglitas Hayriye Hilal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the economic, social, and technical dynamics affecting municipal solid waste (MSW) per capita in organisation for economic co‐operation and development (OECD) countries from 2003 to 2018. Static and dynamic panel data methods are followed for empirical analysis. According to the estimation results, there is an inverted‐U‐shaped relationship between economic growth and MSW. The turning point income level, where technological and structural effects occur, is calculated in the range of $20,000–$34,000. Human development and energy efficiency have mitigating effects on MSW. Energy efficiency and human development are critical for sustainable MSW management. Credit expansion has an increasing effect on MSW generation. Financial development draws attention as a negative indicator in sustainable waste management targets. All models confirm that income inequality has an increasing effect on MSW generation. In addition, poverty reduction is associated with an increase in MSW generation. Thus, income inequality and poverty reduction are a major constraint for sustainable MSW management. After all, the empirical findings of this paper can guide authorities in designing waste management policies.
Ion/Electron Redistributed 3D Flexible Host for Achieving Highly Reversible Li Metal Batteries
Authors: Jiang Huai , Zhou Yangen , Guan Caohong , Bai Maohui , Qin Furong , Yi Maoyi , Li Jie , Hong Bo , Lai Yanqing 
Published: June 2022

Abstract3D carbon frameworks are promising hosts to achieve highly reversible lithium (Li) metal anodes, whereas insufficient effects are attributed to their single electron conductivity causing local aggregating of electron/Li+ and uncontrollable Li dendrites. Herein, an ion/electron redistributed 3D flexible host is designed by lithiophilic carbon fiber cloth (CFC) modified with metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived porous carbon sheath with embedded CoP nanoparticles (CoP‐C@CFC). Theory calculations demonstrate the strong binding energy and plenty of charge transfer from the reaction between CoP and Li atom are presented, which is beneficial to in situ construct a Li3P@Co ion/electron conductive interface on every single CoP‐C@CFC. Thanks to the high ionic conductive Li3P and electron‐conductive Co nanoparticles, the rapid dispersion of Li+ and obviously reduced local current density can be achieved simultaneously. Furthermore, in situ optical microscopy observations display obvious depression for volume expansion and Li dendrites. As expected, a miraculous average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.96% over 1100 cycles at 3 mA cm‐2 and a low overpotential of 11.5 mV with prolonged cycling of over 3200 h at 20% depth of discharge are successfully obtained. Consequently, the CoP‐C@CFC‐Li||LiFePO4 full cells maintain a capacity retention of 95.8% with high CE of 99.96% over 500 cycles at 2 C and excellent rate capability.
In Situ Atomic‐Scale Observation of Electrochemical (De)potassiation in Te Nanowires
Authors: Liu Fang , Meng Jiashen , Wang Hong , Chen Shulin , Yu Ruohan , Gao Peng , Wu Jinsong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have great potential in energy storage due to their high abundance and low cost of potassium resources. Tellurium (Te) is a promising PIB cathode due to its high volumetric capacity and good electronic conductivity. However, the electrochemical (de)potassiation mechanism of Te remains elusive due to the lack of an effective method of directly observing the dynamic reaction at atomic resolution. Here, the phase transformations of single crystal Te on (de)potassiation are clearly revealed by in situ high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. Te undergoes a consecutive phase transformation during potassiation: from Te to K2Te3 in the initial potassiation, and then part of the K2Te3 to K5Te3 on further potassiation. The reaction has extremely high reversibility in the following depotassiation. By atomic‐scale observation, an anisotropic reaction mechanism where K+ intercalates into Te crystalline lattice preferentially through the (001) plane (having a large d‐spacing) is established during potassiation. While in the depotassiation process, K ions extract from the polycrystalline KxTe along the same diffusion path to form single crystal Te, indicating the potassium storage is highly reversible. The strong orientation‐dependent (de)potassiation mechanism revealed by this work provides implications for the future design of nanostructured cathodes for high‐performance PIBs.
Ru‐ and Cl‐Codoped Li3V2(PO4)3 with Enhanced Performance for Lithium‐Ion Batteries in a Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Liang Minxia , Li Longgang , Cui Xiang , Qi Shuo , Wang Lei , Dong Hanghang , Chen Xianfei , Wang Yong , Chen Shuangqiang , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLi3V2(PO4)3 (LVP) is a promising cathode material for lithium‐ion batteries, especially when used in a wide temperature range, due to its high intrinsic ionic mobility and theoretical capacity. Herein, Ru‐ and Cl‐codoped Li3V2(PO4)3 (LVP‐Rux‐Cl3x) coated with/without a nitrogen‐doped carbon (NC) layer are synthesized. Among them, the optimized sample (LVP‐Ru0.05‐Cl0.15@NC) delivers remarkable performances at both room temperature and extreme temperatures (−40, 25, and 60 °C), indicating temperature adaptability. It achieves intriguing capacities (49 mAh g−1 at −40 °C, 128 mAh g−1 at 25 °C, and 123 mAh g−1 at 60 °C, all at 0.5 C), long cycle life (94% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 25 °C and 5 C), and high‐rate capabilities (up to 20 C). The structural evolution features and capacity loss mechanisms of LVP‐Ru0.05‐Cl0.15@NC are further investigated using in situ X‐ray diffraction (XRD) at different temperatures (−10, 25, and 60 °C) during redox reactions. Theoretical calculations elucidate that Ru‐ and Cl‐codoping can greatly improve the intrinsic diffusion coefficient of LVP by reducing its bandgap energy and lowering the energy barrier of lithium‐ion diffusion. In “all‐weather” conditions, the dual‐element co‐doping strategy is critical for increasing electrochemical performance.
Complete genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of medicinal plant Abrus cantoniensis for evolutionary research and germplasm utilization
Authors: Xu Shiqiang , Li Fangping , Wu Bingqi , Mei Yu , Wang Jingming , Wang Jihua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAbrus cantoniensis Hance, a native medicinal plant in southern China, is officially recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Here, we presented the first high‐quality genome in Abrus genus, A. cantoniensis genome, as well as the detailed genomic information. The assembled genome size was 381.27 Mb with a scaffold N50 of 18.95 Mb, and 98.97% of the assembled sequences were anchored on 11 pseudochromosomes. The A. cantoniensis genome comprised 25,058 protein‐coding genes and 45.12% of the assemblies were repetitive sequences. Comparative genome analysis suggested that chromosome translocation and inversion played an important role in the differentiation of Abrus. In addition, 24 toxin‐related genes were identified, which formed two tandem gene clusters on chromosomes 2 and 3. The chromosome‐level genome of A. cantoniensis obtained in this work provides a valuable resource for understanding the evolution, active ingredient biosynthesis, and genetic improvement for A. cantoniensis and Abrus species.
SU(3) breaking effects in B and D meson lifetimes
Authors: King Daniel , Lenz Alexander , Rauh Thomas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the heavy quark expansion (HQE) of the total decay rates of Bs and $$ {D}_s^{+} $$

D
s
+

mesons non-perturbative matrix elements of four quark operators are arising as phase space enhanced contributions. We present the first determination of ms effects to the dimension six matrix elements of these four quark operators via a heavy quark effective theory (HQET) sum rule analysis. In addition we calculate for the first time eye contractions of the four quark operators as well as matrix elements of penguin operators. For the perturbative part we solve the 3-loop contribution to the sum rule and we evaluate condensate contributions. In this study we work in the strict HQET limit and our results can also be used to estimate the size of the matrix element of the Darwin operator via equations of motion.
New oscillation and scattering constraints on the tau row matrix elements without assuming unitarity
Authors: Denton Peter B. , Gehrlein Julia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The tau neutrino is the least well measured particle in the Standard Model. Most notably, the tau neutrino row of the lepton mixing matrix is quite poorly constrained when unitarity is not assumed. In this paper, we identify data sets involving tau neutrinos that improve our understanding of the tau neutrino part of the mixing matrix, in particular ντ appearance in atmospheric neutrinos. We present new results on the elements of the tau row leveraging existing constraints on the electron and muon rows for the cases of unitarity violation, with and without kinematically accessible steriles. We also show the expected sensitivity due to upcoming experiments and demonstrate that the tau neutrino row precision may be comparable to the muon neutrino row in a careful combined fit.
Photoaging: UV radiation-induced inflammation and immunosuppression accelerate the aging process in the skin
Authors: Salminen Antero , Kaarniranta Kai , Kauppinen Anu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundExcessive exposure of the skin to UV radiation (UVR) triggers a remodeling of the immune system and leads to the photoaging state which is reminiscent of chronological aging. Over 30 years ago, it was observed that UVR induced an immunosuppressive state which inhibited skin contact hypersensitivity.MethodsOriginal and review articles encompassing inflammation and immunosuppression in the photoaging and chronological aging processes were examined from major databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.ResultsCurrently it is known that UVR treatment can trigger a cellular senescence and inflammatory state in the skin. Chronic low-grade inflammation stimulates a counteracting immunosuppression involving an expansion of immunosuppressive cells, e.g., regulatoryTcells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and regulatory dendritic cells (DCreg). This increased immunosuppressive activity not only suppresses the function of effector immune cells, a state called immunosenescence, but it also induces bystander degeneration of neighboring cells. Interestingly, the chronological aging process also involves an accumulation of pro-inflammatory senescent cells and signs of chronic low-grade inflammation, called inflammaging. There is also clear evidence that inflammaging is associated with an increase in anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities which promote immunosenescence.ConclusionIt seems that photoaging and normal aging evoke similar processes driven by the remodeling of the immune system. However, it is likely that there are different molecular mechanisms inducing inflammation and immunosuppression in the accelerated photoaging and the chronological aging processes.
Meniscus Sign in Patients with Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke does not Predict Outcome
Authors: Miranda André , Abdelnaby Ramy , Araújo André , Rodrigues Marta , Battistella Valeria , Roriz José Mário , Rodrigues Carmélia , Wiesmann Martin , Schulz Jörg B. , Nikoubashman Omid , Reich Arno , Ribeiro Manuel , Pinho João 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The angiographic appearance of the occlusion site was suggested to influence outcomes of stroke patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) who undergo endovascular treatment (EVT). We aimed to study the impact of the meniscus sign (MS) on outcomes of stroke patients with anterior circulation LVO.

Methods
Based on two prospective registries of acute ischemic stroke, we selected patients with carotid‑T, M1 or M2 occlusion who underwent EVT. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were collected from the registries or from individual records. Two independent observers blinded to outcomes assessed the presence of MS in digital subtraction angiography before thrombectomy. Angiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with and without MS were compared.

Results
We included 903 patients, with median age of 78 years, 59.8% were male, median baseline NIHSS was 14 and 39.5% received intravenous thrombolysis. Patients with MS (n = 170, 18.8%) were more frequently female, presented with higher NIHSS scores and more frequently underwent intravenous thrombolysis. Presence of MS was significantly associated with cardioembolic etiology. Successful reperfusion, number of passes, first pass effect, procedural time, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, in-hospital mortality and favorable 3‑month functional outcome were similar in the groups of patients with and without MS. In the multivariable analyses, MS was not associated with successful reperfusion (odds ratio, OR = 1.08, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.76–1.55), first pass effect (OR = 0.96, 95%CI = 0.48–1.92) or favorable 3‑month outcome (OR = 1.40, 95%CI = 0.88–2.24).

Conclusion
The presence of MS in acute ischemic stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who undergo EVT does not appear to influence angiographic or clinical outcomes.
A comprehensive efficiency evaluation of conventional and ablation sand casting on the example of the AlSi7Mg alloy impeller
Authors: Hafeez Faisal , Ahmed Naveed , Ali Muhammad Asad , Farooq Muhammad Umar , AlFaify Abdullah Yahia , Rehman Ateekh Ur 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAblation sand casting is a new technology for casting aluminum alloys which helps to achieve superior cooling trends during the solidification and results in eutectic microstructure, reduced degree of defects, and improved mechanical attributes. To further enhance the functionality, water-soluble binder-based sand molds are used in conjunction with appropriate control over process parameters for specialized applications such as complex and thin-walled impeller manufacturing. In this regard, the influence of key process parameters including binder ratio (BR), sand grain fineness number (AFS number), and pouring temperature (PT) is investigated thoroughly on the mechanical characteristics (ultimate tensile strength and hardness) and dimensional accuracy of the thin-walled impeller. Ablation sand casting revealed exceptionally enhanced mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy as compared to conventional sand casting. The AFS number and binder ratio were most significant for controlling the dimensional accuracy. Multi-response optimization through Grey Relational Analysis reveals the optimal setting PT = 800 ℃, ASF number = 45, BR = 5% for lower dimensional deviation, higher hardness, and ultimate tensile strength through conventional sand casting. While for ablation case, the optimal conditions PT = 850 ℃, ASF number = 40, BR = 9% are attained against desired attributes. The attributes are significantly improved through ablated sand casting, dimensional accuracy 31.6%, hardness 58.9% and ultimate tensile strength 41.82%, and fractography analysis depicted the ductile fracture surface. The current technology is drawing attention of industry because of its potential in producing castings with superior mechanical properties and improved internal integrity.