bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Nine-step method” mastoscopic scar-hidden surgery on gynecomastia: a single-institution, large sample experiences
Authors: Luo，M Chengyu , Zhang Shuqi , Wei Changsheng , Guo Yang , Zhang Yajing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground To summarize the experiences on the mastopscopic subcutaneous mastectomy for gynecomastia by "nine-step method" based on the "5S" goal and standardize this operation. Patients and methods: Between January 1st 2002 and October 31st 2021, a total of 2035 breasts of 1082 male patients with gynecomastia, of which 129 patients with one side, were underwent mastopscopic subcutaneous mastectomy. Results All patients were successfully completed the operation, and none of them was transferred to open operation. The operation time for unilateral breast was 12–28 min, and the average time was 17.7 ± 6.2 min. The amount of bleeding during unilateral operation was very small, about 5-10ml. The total drainage volume was 5ml ~ 50ml after the operation, and the drainage tube was removed in 3 ~ 5 days. The epidermal necrosis occurred in 0.3% nipple. 0.2% chest wall had a little ecchymosis in the upper- inner region of the breast. All patients had the normal feeling of nipples and areola, the smoothing and symmetrical chest wall, and the natural contour. There was no recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusions The mastopscopic subcutaneous mastectomy for gynecomastia by "nine-step method" based on the "5S" goal has a short operation time, few surgical complications and good esthetics. It achieving the "5S" goals on the complete removal of glandular tissue(sweeping), small and scar-hidden incision are small༈scarless༉,good symmetry of bilateral chest wall (symmetry), normal chest shape (shape), and smoothing chest wall༈smoothing༉.
A novel homozygous missense substitution p.Thr313Ile in the PDE6B gene underlies autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa in a consanguineous Pakistani family
Authors: Aziz Nobia , Ullah Mukhtar , Rashid Abdur , Hussain Zubair , Shah Khadim , Awan Azeem , Khan Muhammad , Ullah Inam , Rehman Atta Ur 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is one of the most frequent hereditary retinal diseases that often starts with night blindness and eventually leads to legal blindness. Our study aimed to identify the underlying genetic cause of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP) in a consanguineous Pakistani family.
Methods
Following a detailed ophthalmological examination of the patients by an ophthalmologist, whole-exome sequencing was performed on the proband’s DNA to delineate the genetic cause of RP in the family. In-depth computational methods, in-silico analysis, and familial co-segregation study were performed for variant detection and validation.
Results
We studied an inbred Pakistani family with two siblings affected by retinitis pigmentosa. The proband, a 32 years old female, was clinically diagnosed with RP at the age of 6 years. A classical night blindness symptom was reported in the proband since her early childhood. OCT report showed a major reduction in the outer nuclear layer and the ellipsoid zone width, leading to the progression of the disease. Exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous missense mutation (c.938C > T;p.Thr313Ile) in exon 12 of the PDE6B gene. The mutation p.Thr313Ile co-segregated with RP phenotype in the family. The altered residue (p.Thr313) was super conserved evolutionarily across different vertebrate species, and all available in silico tools classified the mutation as highly pathogenic.
Conclusion
We present a novel homozygous pathogenic mutation in the PDE6B gene as the underlying cause of arRP in a consanguineous Pakistani family. Our findings highlight the importance of missense mutations in the PDE6B gene and expand the known mutational repertoire of PDE6B-related RP.
A novel relatively high molecule durable flame retardant for cotton fabrics
Authors: Li Jinhao , Liu Yunlan , Chen Yajun , Ding Dan , Cheng Yao , Liu Kunling , Zhang Guangxian , Zhang Fengxiu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A relatively high-molecule, formaldehyde-free, and halogen-free ammonium salt of tripolyphosphoric acid (ATPPA) was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of ATPPA treated cotton with 22.54% weight gain was 47.3%, decreasing to 33.2% after 50 laundering cycles (LCs), which still could meet the standard of flame retardancy. This showed that ATPPA could enhance the flame retardancy of cotton fabric efficaciously, and the treated cotton had excellent durability. Combining durability and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the data suggested that the hydroxyl groups on cotton fibers reacted with ATPPA to form P-O-C covalent bonds. Surface electron morphology (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that ATPPA had almost no influence on the structure of the cotton fabrics. Cone calorimetry and thermogravimetry (TG) analyses indicated that ATPPA significantly reduced heat release and promoted the formation of a char layer in the cotton fabrics. The ATPPA-treated cotton fabrics also retained excellent hand feeling.
Movement criterion of top-coal drawing mechanical parts for safe transportation of drawn coals on rear conveyor and accurate control approach for drawing opening dimension
Authors: Li Donghui , Li Dongyin , Wang Shen , Huang Zhizeng , Liu Qing , Zhang Xueliang , Zheng Lijun , Zhang Xuhe , Zhu Shiting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The accurate control of the top-coal drawing mechanical parts is of significance to realize the automation and intellectualization of top-coal caving process, while mastering the spatial motion law of top-coal caving mechanism is the premise of accurate control. The top-coal caving process is jointly controlled by hydraulic support height, extension length of the plug plate of hydraulic support, and the relative position relationship between rear scraper and hydraulic support. Those three factors dominate the top-coal drawing opening dimension and the drawn coal transportation height of rear conveyor. In this study, a 3-D numerical model of four- legs top-coal caving hydraulic support is established by using hinge and translator connectors for modeling the rotation behavior of joints and expansion-contraction behavior of plug plate. The spatial motion laws of the top-coal drawing mechanical parts are modeled under different support height (H), tail beam swing angle (α), and the plug plate extension length (l). The critical equation for evaluating collision between top-coal drawing mechanical parts and rear scraper is fitted by using Levenberg-Marquardt fitting iteration method. A database for describe the coordination of plug plate and the dimension of the top-coal drawing opening under different H, α, and l, is obtained. The sensor type and installation position for sensing and controlling the position of top-coal drawing mechanical parts are selected, the approach for calculating the tail beam angle based on travel sensor data is derived, and the approach for controlling the top-coal drawing opening dimension is proposed and tested in the field.
Comparative evaluation of various in-house protocols on diagnostic performance for paratuberculosis IS900 PCR
Authors: Gandhi Harshita , Jain Mukta , Gupta Saurabh , Singh Amit Kumar , Kumar Amit , Sohal Jagdip Singh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Paratuberculosis is a worldwide endemic infectious disease of ruminants that results in high economic losses. Public health concerns are also being raised with human Crohn’s disease. Therefore, control is becoming priority for governments. Control is largely dependent on “Test and Cull” or “Test and Segregate” policy. Hence, it is critical to assure the infection before making the decision. Commercial kits are costly especially in view of resource limited areas. Present study analyzed the performance various in house DNA isolation methods and PCR master mix combinations to optimize a protocol for confirmation of paratuberculosis bacilli shedding in feces. Methods and Results Present study included five protocols of fecal DNA isolation (chemical, bio-chemical, physio-chemical and physical) and three reaction mixes (based on Qiagen, Genei and Thermo 2X master mixes) in nine different combinations using additives and tested their performance for IS900 PCR. Spiked fecal samples were used to select the best combination of DNA isolation method and PCR master mix (PRM). Selected combination was used to test reference (positive and negative) fecal samples and field samples. Findings revealed that combination physical method of DNA isolation and Genei based PRM (with additives; betaine DMSO and BSA) had lowest limit of detection. Sensitivity was 83% and specificity was 100% in comparison to fecal culture. High prevalence (23%) was reported for paratuberculosis on field samples.Conclusion Optimized protocol has acceptable sensitivity and can easily be adopted in resource-limited laboratories. High prevalence of paratuberculosis needs immediate implementation of the control strategies.
Transcriptional responses for biosynthesis of triterpenoids in exogenous inducers treated Inonotus hispidus using RNA-seq
Authors: Huo Yonghong , Liu Dongchao , LI DEHAI , Sun Changyan , Wang Zhanbin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Inonotus hispidus is a traditional medicinal that grows in Northeast China and produces various economically important compounds, including polysaccharide compounds and terpenoids, triterpenoid saponins is the main bioactive component. Our research group has found that the accumulation of triterpenoids are affected by exogenous inducers. The experiment showed that the triterpenoid content of I.hispidus treated with 50µmol/LMethyl jasmonate(MeJA), 3%oleic acid and combination of 100µmol/L MeJA and 2% oleic acid inducers increased by 17.42%, 89.86% and 145.5% respectively. However, how exogenous inducers enhances production of secondary metabolites in I.hispidus is not well understood. In this study, the RNA-seq analysis was used to evaluate the effects of exogenous inducers on the expression of triterpenoid synthesis related genes in I.hispidus in liquid fermentation. This study is the first exploration to profile the transcriptome of I.hispidus after adding exogenous inducers, the generated data and gene will facilitate further molecular studies on the physiology and metabolism in this fungus. By comparative transcriptomic analysis, a series of candidate genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoids are identified, providing new insight into their biosynthesis at transcriptome level.
NEMA NU 1-2018 performance characterization and Monte Carlo model validation of the Cubresa Spark SiPM-based preclinical SPECT scanner
Authors: Strugari Matthew Evan , DeBay Drew Roderick , Beyea Steven Donald , Brewer Kimberly Dawn 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The Cubresa Spark is a novel benchtop silicon-photomultiplier (SiPM)-based preclinical SPECT system. SiPMs in SPECT significantly improve resolution and reduce detector size compared to preclinical cameras with photomultiplier tubes requiring highly magnifying collimators. The NEMA NU 1 Standard for Performance Measurements of Gamma Cameras provides methods that can be readily applied or extended to characterize preclinical cameras with minor modifications. The primary objective of this study is to characterize the Spark according to the NEMA NU 1-2018 standard to gain insight into its nuclear medicine imaging capabilities. The secondary objective is to validate a GATE Monte Carlo simulation model of the Spark for use in preclinical SPECT studies. Methods: NEMA NU 1-2018 guidelines were applied to characterize the Spark’s intrinsic, system, and tomographic performance with single- and multi-pinhole collimators. Phantoms were fabricated according to NEMA specifications with deviations involving high-resolution modifications. GATE was utilized to model the detector head with the single-pinhole collimator, and NEMA measurements were employed to tune and validate the model. Single-pinhole and multi-pinhole SPECT data were reconstructed with the Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction and HiSPECT, respectively.Results: The limiting intrinsic resolution was measured as 0.85 mm owing to a high-resolution SiPM-array combined with a 3 mm-thick scintillator. The average limiting tomographic resolution was 1.37 mm and 1.19 mm for the single- and multi-pinhole collimators, respectively, which have magnification factors near unity at the center of rotation. The maximum observed count rate was 15,400 cps, and planar sensitivities of 34 cps/MBq and 150 cps/MBq were measured at the center of rotation for the single- and multi-pinhole collimators, respectively. All simulated tests agreed well with measurement, where the most considerable deviations were below 7%.Conclusions: NEMA NU 1-2018 standards determined that a SiPM detector mitigates the need for highly magnifying pinhole collimators while preserving detailed information in projection images. Measured and simulated NEMA results were highly comparable with differences on the order of a few percent, confirming simulation accuracy and validating the GATE model. The multi-pinhole collimator investigated in this study offers the optimal combination of resolution and sensitivity for organ-specific imaging of small animals, and the single-pinhole collimator enables high-resolution whole-body imaging of small animals.
Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: Cross-seccional study in gingival tissue
Authors: Iglesias Déborah-Pitta-Paraíso , da-Silva Weslay-Rodrigues , de-França Glória-Maria , Barros Caio-César-da-Silva , Freitas Roseana de Almeida , Galvão Hébel Cavalcanti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground The present study investigated the expression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the gingival tissue, to verify if there is a correlation between the immunoexpression of these proteins and the changes caused by the inflamed infiltrate present in the gingival tissues. Material and methods A morphological analysis of epithelial changes (hyperplasia, exocytosis, spongiosis, and hydropic degeneration) was performed, as well as a semiquantitative analysis of the immunoexpression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the epithelium and connective tissue of 60 specimens of gingival tissue. Results Epithelial immunoexpression to COX-2 was observed in three cases, while EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 were strongly expressed in the basal layer of the epithelium and gradually decreasing until the upper layers. In the connective tissue, COX-2 immunoexpression showed a statistical association (p < 0.001) with the gingival inflammatory infiltrate. In connective tissue, EMMPRIN, and HIF-1α exhibited intense immunopositivity, while GLUT-1 was negative in most cases. Conclusion COX-2 expression may constitute a biological marker of gingival tissues since its epithelial immunoexpression may indicate a greater propensity for the establishment of periodontal disease.
Effects of a one-week vacation with various activity programs on well-being, heart rate variability, and sleep quality in healthy vacationers - an open comparative study
Authors: Hübner Markus , Lechleitner Peter , Neumayr Günther 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This open comparative study aimed to analyze the effects of a one-week vacation with various activity programs on well-being, heart rate variability (HRV) and sleep quality in healthy vacationers.
Methods
52 healthy untrained vacationers spent a one-week vacation with regular exercise in East Tyrol. Exercise was performed on six of seven days. The study participants were divided into a) Group 1, playing golf (G), and b) Group 2 performing Nordic walking or e-biking (NW&EB). Well-being was measured with the WHO-5 well-being-index; stress and recovery status was obtained with the EBF-24-questionnaire (recovery-stress questionnaire). HRV-parameters were measured with a 24-hour-ECG (electrocardiogram). Sleep quality was derived from the EBF-24 questionnaire and sleep architecture from HRV-analysis. Examinations were performed one day before and after the vacation.
Results
Well-being significantly improved in the G group (+ 40%, p < 0.001) and NW&EB group (+ 19%, p = 0.019). The stress and recovery profile also improved significantly in both groups (stress-decrease: -43.7% G group; -44.7% NW&EB group; recovery-increase: +23.6% G group; +21.5% NW&EB group). Except for the SDNN (standard deviation of the NN interval), no significant change was noted in HRV-parameters. SDNN improved significantly only in the NW&EB group (+ 9%, p < 0.05). Sleep quality (+ 21% G group, p = 0.029; +19% NW&EB group, p = 0.007) and architecture (-10% G group, p = 0.034; -23% NW&EB group, p = 0.012) significantly improved in both groups.
Conclusion
A short-term vacation with regular exercise was well tolerated by the study participants and improved well-being, sleep quality, HRV and autonomic regulation.
Trial registration:
Registry and the registration no. of the study/trial: Approval was received from the ethics committee of the Leopold Franzens University of Innsbruck (AN2013-0059 332/4.8)
Optimal Capacity Utilization in Mobile Ad hoc Network with Adaptive Contention Window Management Scheme
Authors: B Surjeet , Gupta Nishu , Teles Ariel Soares , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Kalimuthu Rajkumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Efficient channel utilization is the utmost challenge in mobile ad hoc network (MANET). Moreover, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer in MANETs experiences hidden and exposed terminal issues. During data transmission, there occurs increased energy consumption, overhead and many retransmissions because of the collision of Request To Send (RTS) packet. In order to solve this problem, we propose an algorithm named Fore-handed Collision Avoidance MAC (FCA-MAC). This protocol mainly focuses on the collisions detected at the destination. In FCA-MAC, the failed RTS packet detection is considered with Appeal for Request To Send (ARTS) packet. To reduce the delay, RTS collision and redundant re-transfer, we consider the minimum number of ARTS packets. To regulate the Contention Window (CW), an additional field factor named triumph factor is introduced in FCA-MAC which reflects the complete network state at the destination. Implementation of FCA-MAC is done using Network Simulator (NS2). Results reveal that the proposed FCA-MAC outperforms standard techniques with regard to various performance metrics.
Construction material classification on imbalanced datasets using Vision Transformer architecture (ViT)
Authors: Soleymani Maryam , Bonyani Mahdi , Mahami Hadi , Nasirzadeh Farnad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research proposes a reliable model for identifying different construction materials with the highest accuracy, which is exploited as an advantageous tool for a wide range of construction applications such as automated progress monitoring. In this study, a novel deep learning architecture called Vision Transformer (ViT) is used for detecting and classifying construction materials. The robustness of the proposed method is assessed by utilizing different image datasets. For this purpose, the model is trained and tested on two large imbalanced datasets, namely Construction Material Library (CML) and Building Material Dataset (BMD). A third dataset is also generated by combining CML and BMD to create a more imbalanced dataset and assess the capabilities of the proposed method. The achieved results reveal an accuracy of 100 percent in evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score for each material category of three different datasets. It is believed that the suggested model accomplishes a novel and robust tool for detecting and classifying different material types. To date, a number of studies have attempted to automatically classify a variety of building materials, which still have some errors. This research will address the mentioned shortcoming and proposes a model to detect the material type with higher accuracy. The proposed model is also capable of being generalized to different datasets.
What do women with sexual interest in children (SIC) tell us about the assumed cause of their SIC, (non-)disclosure, and professional help? – Results of a qualitative content analysis
Authors: Tozdan Safiye , Hübener Greta , Briken Peer , Schröder Johanna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Research on women with sexual interest in children (SIC) is still rare. Especially little is known about women’s own theories about the cause of their SIC, their experiences with disclosure, non-disclosure, and professional help. We therefore aimed at investigating women with SIC using a qualitative research approach. We provided women with SIC with open questions regarding their own theories about what causes their SIC, experiences with disclosure as well as non-disclosure, and experiences with and opinions about professional help. Analyses were conducted using a qualitative content analysis method. Results revealed that participants mainly think that past experiences caused their SIC, e.g., abusive or non-abusive sexual experiences during childhood. Disclose of SIC was reported by 56% of the present sample and lead to rather positive consequences. Those who did not disclose mainly did so due to fear of rejection and/or stigmatization. A total of 30% already sought help due to their SIC and frequently reported negative experiences. One of the major reasons participants stated on how to reach women with SIC in order to offer professional help was the destigmatization of SIC. We recommend that women with SIC should be taken more seriously among research and in prevention measure.
Characteristics Study of Mild Steel Electro-plated with Light Weight Zn-Si3N4 Nanocomposite
Authors: Akande I. G. , Oluwole O. O. , Fayomi O. S. I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn most industries, Lightweighting has become a popular concept. Production of low-density components is presently seen as a technique for achieving improved handling and efficiency in manufacturing industries. Thus, low-density Si3N4ceramic particles were introduced into the matrix of zinc to produce low-density Zn-Si3N4nanocomposite films. After preliminary experimental runs, Zn-Si3N4nanocomposite coated mild steel samples were produced at 0.3 and 0.5 V, and at an invariable temperature of 45oC. The mass concentration of Si3N4ceramic particles varied between 7 and 13 g L− 1. The corrosion rate (CR) of the coatings was examined through the potentiodynamic polarization method in 0.5 M of sulphuric acid solution, while the coatings’ microstructure was studied using XRD and SEM. The wear volume (WV) and coefficient of friction (COF) of coated samples and an uncoated sample were investigated using a pin-on-disc tribometer. The samples’ electrical conductivity was studied using simple ammeter-voltmeter equipment. The potentiodynamic polarization test results signified that the thin films reduced the CR of mild steel from 12.3450 mm year− 1to 2.6793 mm year− 1, indicating noteworthy passivation of the films. The refined morphology of the coated surfaces as revealed by the SEM micrographs was ascribed to the dissolution and dispersion of nanoparticles. The XRD crystallographic phases of the coated samples also showed that the thin films possessed excellent texture, high stability and chemical homogeneity, and. More so, the coated mild steel samples exhibited lower COF relative to the uncoated sample. The thin film reduced the WV of the mild steel from 0.00508 mm3to 0.00266 mm3, which indicated that strengthening mechanisms existed between the steel and the coating interface. The electrical conductivity test further shows that the Zn-Si3N4film reduced the electrical conductivity of mild steel from12.97 Ω−1cm−1to 0.64 Ω−1cm−1.