bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A population based case–control study of association between dietary calcium intake and ulcerative colitis in adults
Authors: Hajhashemy Zahra , Saneei Parvane , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Daghaghzadeh Hamed , Tavakkoli Hamid , Adibi Peyman , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLimited data are available on the association of dietary calcium intake and ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to investigate the relation between dietary calcium intake and UC prevalence in Iranian adults. In this population-based case–control study, diagnosed patients with UC by gastroenterologists that were registered in the Iranian inflammatory bowel disease registry were included as cases. Age and sex-matched healthy controls were selected from Study on the Epidemiology of Psychological, Alimentary Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN) dataset. Dietary calcium intakes of participants were examined through a validated food frequency questionnaire. We included 327 middle-aged participants (109 cases and 218 controls) in the analysis; 52.1% of them were females. After adjustments for potential confounders, individuals in the third tertile of dietary calcium intake had 92% lower odds of UC, compared to those in the first tertile (OR = 0.08, 95% CI 0.02–0.27). Our analysis based on recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) intake showed that dietary Ca intake deficiency was related to increased odds of UC (OR = 9.5, 95% CI 2.98–30.91). Stratified analysis by gender revealed that these associations were significant in both genders; although the results were stronger in the male population. A Significant decreasing trend was observed for odds of UC in tertiles of dietary calcium intakes, in both males and females. Higher dietary calcium intake was associated with lower UC prevalence in Iranian adults. Inadequate dietary calcium intake was also linked to elevated odds of UC. Further prospective investigations are needed to affirm these findings.
Understanding the diversity and biogeography of Colombian edible plants
Authors: Gori B. , Ulian T. , Bernal H. Y. , Diazgranados M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDespite being the second most biodiverse country in the world, hosting more than 7000 useful species, Colombia is characterized by widespread poverty and food insecurity. Following the growing attention in Neglected and Underutilized Species, the present study will combine spatial and taxonomic analysis to unveil their diversity and distribution, as well as to advocate their potential as key resources for tackling food security in the country. The cataloguing of Colombian edible plants resulted in 3805 species. Among these, the most species-rich genera included Inga, Passiflora, Miconia, Solanum, Pouteria, Protium, Annona and Bactris. Biogeographic analysis revealed major diversity hotspots in the Andean humid forests by number of records, species, families, and genera. The departments of Antioquia, Boyacá, Meta, and Cundinamarca ranked first both in terms of number of unique georeferenced records and species of edible plants. Significant information gaps about species distribution were detected in the departments of Cesar, Sucre, Atlántico, Vichada, and Guainía, corresponding to the Caribe and Llanos bioregions, indicating the urgent need for focusing investigation in these areas. Furthermore, a significant level of geographic specificity was found in edible plant species’ distributions between 13 different bioregions and 33 departments, hinting the adoption of tailorized prioritisation protocols for the conservation and revitalization of such resources at the local level.
Association between tumor 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism and survival in women with estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer
Authors: Chae Sun Young , Park Seol Hoon , Lee Hyo Sang , Ahn Jin-Hee , Kim Sung-Bae , Jung Kyung Hae , Kim Jeong Eun , Ahn Sei Hyun , Son Byung Ho , Lee Jong Won , Ko Beom Seok , Kim Hee Jeong , Gong Gyungyub , Oh Jungsu S. , Park Seo Young , Moon Dae Hyuk 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe examined whether 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose metabolism is associated with distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) and overall survival (OS) in women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. This was a cohort study examining the risk factors for survival that had occurred at the start of the study. A cohort from Asan Medical Center, Korea, recruited between November 2007 and December 2014, was included. Patients received anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) was measured. The analysis included 466 women. The median (interquartile range) follow-up period without distant metastasis or death was 6.2 (5.3–7.6) years. Multivariable analysis of hazard ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) showed that the middle and high tertiles of SUV were prognostic for DRFS (2.93, 95% CI 1.62–5.30; P < 0.001) and OS (4.87, 95% CI 1.94–12.26; P < 0.001). The 8-year DRFS rates were 90.7% (95% CI 85.5–96.1%) for those in the low tertile of maximum SUV vs. 73.7% (95% CI 68.0–79.8%) for those in the middle and high tertiles of maximum SUV. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT may assess the risk of distant metastasis and death in ER-positive, HER2-negative patients.
Super strong wide TM Mie bandgaps tolerating disorders
Authors: Goudarzi Kiyanoush , Lee Moonjoo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates the appearance of super intense and wide Mie bandgaps in metamaterials composed of tellurium, germanium, and silicon rods in air that tolerate some disordering of rod position and rod radius under transverse magnetic (TM) polarized light waves. Tellurium metamaterials reveal $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{21}$$

TM
21

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{02}$$

TM
02

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{12}$$

TM
12

Mie bandgap modes in which $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

, and $${\mathrm{TM}}_{21}$$

TM
21

tolerate high rod-position disordering of $$50\%$$

50
%

and rod-radius disordering of 34 and $$27\%$$

27
%

, respectively. Results for germanium metamaterials show Mie bandgap modes $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

, and $${\mathrm{TM}}_{21}$$

TM
21

, in which $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

and $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

tolerate rod-position disordering of $$50\%$$

50
%

, and rod-radius disordering of 34 and $$20\%$$

20
%

, respectively. Using these characteristics of $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

in germanium metamaterials under position and radius disordering, ultra-narrow straight, L-shaped, and crossing waveguides that contain 14, four, and two rows of germanium rods in air are designed. Also, it is shown that $${\mathrm{TE}}_{01}$$

TE
01

Mie bandgap appears in metamaterials containing a high refractive index, and disappears in metamaterials with a lower refractive index such as silicon; in contrast, a new phenomenon of intense and broadband $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

, and $${\mathrm{TM}}_{21}$$

TM
21

in metamaterials with a lower refractive index such as silicon appear. In silicon-based metamaterials, $${\mathrm{TM}}_{01}$$

TM
01

tolerates high rod-position and rod-radius disordering of $$40\%$$

40
%

and $$34\%$$

34
%

, respectively, and $${\mathrm{TM}}_{11}$$

TM
11

shows robustness to rod-position and rod-radius disordering of $$20\%$$

20
%

. This strong tolerance of disordering of TM modes in tellurium, germanium, and silicon metamaterials opens a new way to design small, high-efficient, and feasible fabrication optical devices for optical integrated circuits.
Cutting seton versus decompression and drainage seton in the treatment of high complex anal fistula: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yu Qiuxiang , Zhi Congcong , Jia Lansi , Li Hui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the efficacy between decompression and drainage seton (DADS) and cutting seton (CS) in the treatment of high complex anal fistula. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to DADS or CS group. The primary outcome was the rate of wound healing. Second outcomes included time taken to return to work, postoperative pain, the severity of fecal incontinence and other complications. A total of 120 patients with a mean age of 39 years were included. There was no significant difference in the rate of complete wound healing at 1 year. The mean time taken to return to work was 5 ± 2 days in DADS group, shorter than CS group (10 ± 3, p < 0.001). Mean vaizey incontinence score and the post-operation pain in DADS group was significantly lower than CS group. No significant difference was found between two groups in the incidence of complications. DADS is as effective as Cutting seton for the treatment of high complex anal fistula but is associated with less postoperative pain and better sphincter function preserving.
A temporal dependency feature in lower dimension for lung sound signal classification
Authors: Kwon Amy M. , Kang Kyungtae 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRespiratory sounds are expressed as nonlinear and nonstationary signals, whose unpredictability makes it difficult to extract significant features for classification. Static cepstral coefficients such asMel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), have been used for classification of lung sound signals. However, they are modeled in high-dimensional hyperspectral space, and also lose temporal dependency information. Therefore, we propose shifted$$\delta $$δ-cepstral coefficients in lower-subspace (SDC-L) as a novel feature for lung sound classification. It preserves temporal dependency information of multiple frames nearby same to original SDC, and improves feature extraction by reducing the hyperspectral dimension. We modified EMD algorithm by adding a stopping rule to objectively select a finite number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The performances of SDC-L were evaluated with three machine learning techniques (support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) and random forest (RF)) and two deep learning algorithms (multilayer perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural network (cNN)) and one hybrid deep learning algorithm combining cNN with long short term memory (LSTM) in terms of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score. We found that the first 2 IMFs were enough to construct our feature. SVM, MLP and a hybrid deep learning algorithm (cNN plus LSTM) outperformed with SDC-L, and the other classifiers achieved equivalent results with all features. Our findings show that SDC-L is a promising feature for the classification of lung sound signals.
Inorganic cesium lead mixed halide based perovskite solar materials modified with functional silver iodide
Authors: Eze Vincent Obiozo , Carani Lucas Braga , Majumder Haimanti , Uddin M. Jasim , Okoli Okenwa I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInorganic CsPbIBr2 perovskites have recently attracted enormous attention as a viable alternative material for optoelectronic applications due to their higher efficiency, thermal stability, suitable bandgap, and proper optical absorption. However, the CsPbIBr2 perovskite films fabricated using a one-step deposition technique is usually comprised of small grain size with a large number of grain boundaries and compositional defects. In this work, silver iodide (AgI) will be incorporated as an additive into the CsPbIBr2 perovskite precursor solution to prepare the unique perovskite CsI(PbBr2)1-x(AgI)x. The AgI additive in the precursor solution works as a nucleation promoter which will help the perovskite to grow and merge into a continuous film with reduced defects. With detailed characterizations, we found that incorporating AgI additive resulted in a uniform perovskite film with fewer grain boundaries, increased grain size, crystallinity, optical absorption while decreasing carrier recombination and trap density. Using the AgI in an optimum amount, we fabricated CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a simple structure and achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.2% with a reduced hysteresis index. This work offers an alternative approach towards preparing high-quality CsPbIBr2 perovskite films for solar cells with higher stability and other optoelectronic applications.
Effects of planted pollinator habitat on pathogen prevalence and interspecific detection between bee species
Authors: Levenson Hannah K. , Tarpy David R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractShared resources can instigate pathogen spread due to large congregations of individuals in both natural and human modified resources. Of current concern is the addition of pollinator habitat in conservation efforts as it attracts bees of various species, potentially instigating interspecific sharing of pathogens. Common pathogens have been documented across a wide variety of pollinators with shared floral resources instigating their spread in some, but not all, cases. To evaluate the impact of augmented pollinator habitat on pathogen prevalence, we extracted RNA from samples of eight bee species across three families and screened these samples for nine pathogens using RT-qPCR. We found that some habitat characteristics influenced pathogen detection; however, we found no evidence that pathogen detection in one bee species was correlated with pathogen detection in another. In fact, pathogen detection was rare in wild bees. While gut parasites were detected in 6 out of the 8 species included in this study, viruses were only detected in honey bees. Further, virus detection in honey bees was low with a maximum 21% of samples testing positive for BQCV, for example. These findings suggest factors other than the habitat itself may be more critical in the dissemination of pathogens among bee species. However, we found high relative prevalence and copy number of gut parasites in some bee species which may be of concern, such asBombus pensylvanicus. Long-term monitoring of pathogens in different bee species at augmented pollinator habitat is needed to evaluate if these patterns will change over time.
Design and validation of a semi-automatic bone segmentation algorithm from MRI to improve research efficiency
Authors: Heckelman Lauren N. , Soher Brian J. , Spritzer Charles E. , Lewis Brian D. , DeFrate Louis E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSegmentation of medical images into different tissue types is essential for many advancements in orthopaedic research; however, manual segmentation techniques can be time- and cost-prohibitive. The purpose of this work was to develop a semi-automatic segmentation algorithm that leverages gradients in spatial intensity to isolate the patella bone from magnetic resonance (MR) images of the knee that does not require a training set. The developed algorithm was validated in a sample of four human participants (in vivo) and three porcine stifle joints (ex vivo) using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). We assessed the repeatability (expressed as mean ± standard deviation) of the semi-automatic segmentation technique on: (1) the same MRI scan twice (Dice similarity coefficient = 0.988 ± 0.002; surface distance = − 0.01 ± 0.001 mm), (2) the scan/re-scan repeatability of the segmentation technique (surface distance = − 0.02 ± 0.03 mm), (3) how the semi-automatic segmentation technique compared to manual MRI segmentation (surface distance = − 0.02 ± 0.08 mm), and (4) how the semi-automatic segmentation technique compared when applied to both MRI and CT images of the same specimens (surface distance = − 0.02 ± 0.06 mm). Mean surface distances perpendicular to the cartilage surface were computed between pairs of patellar bone models. Critically, the semi-automatic segmentation algorithm developed in this work reduced segmentation time by approximately 75%. This method is promising for improving research throughput and potentially for use in generating training data for deep learning algorithms.
Green synthesis and antibacterial applications of gold and silver nanoparticles from Ligustrum vulgare berries
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Mijakovic Ivan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIncreasing demand for green or biological nanoparticles has led to various green technologies and resources, which play a critical role in forming biocompatible or green nanoparticles. So far, numerous medicinal plants have been explored for this purpose, assuming that medicinal components from the plant's material will contribute to corona formation around nanoparticles and enhance their efficacy. Research is also extended to other green and waste resources to be utilized for this purpose. In the current study, we explored Ligustrum vulgare berries, also known as privet berries, to reduce gold and silver salts into nanoparticles. L. vulgare berries showed great potential to form these nanoparticles, as gold nanoparticles (LV-AuNPs) formed within 5 min at room temperature, and silver nanoparticles (LV-AgNPs) formed in 15 min at 90 °C. LV-AuNPs and LV-AgNPs were characterized by various analytical methods, including UV–Vis, SEM, EDX, TEM, DLS, sp-ICP-MS, TGA, FT-IR, and MALDI-TOF. The results demonstrate that the LV-AuNPs are polydisperse in appearance with a size range 50–200 nm. LV-AuNPs exhibit various shapes, including spherical, triangular, hexagonal, rod, cuboid, etc. In contrast, LV-AgNPs are quite monodisperse, 20–70 nm, and most of the population was spherical. The nanoparticles remain stable over long periods and exhibit high negative zeta potential values. The antimicrobial investigation of LV-AgNPs demonstrated that the nanoparticles exhibit antibacterial ability with an MBC value of 150 g/mL against P. aeruginosa and 100 g/mL against E. coli, as determined by plate assay, live and dead staining, and SEM cell morphology analysis.
Python-assisted biological knowledge acquisition method to trigger design inspiration
Authors: Zha Z. M. , Zhang H. , Aggidis G. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDesign inspiration comes from the continuous stimulation of external information and the continuous accumulation of knowledge. In order to obtain an ideal design inspiration from nature, researchers have proposed a large number of biological information retrieval and knowledge acquisition methods. But how to purposefully acquire valuable biological knowledge in order to effectively stimulate design inspiration and produce the novel and feasible designs idea is still an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes a method for acquiring valuable biological knowledge to efficiently stimulate inspiration and quickly conceive solutions in engineering design. First, keywords, such as the functional requirements and key components of design objects, are selected as the engineering terminologies. Next, biological keywords related to the engineering terminologies are searched from the biological dictionary and biology websites. Then in order to retrieve enough biological knowledge, these biological keywords are expanded manually and automatically respectively based on Thesaurus Webpage and WordNet database, and expanded keywords are filtered according to repeated words and different forms of the same words. Finally, in the biological knowledge base, biological keywords that had been filtered are used to obtain biological knowledge with Python web crawler programming. Through an example of application for ship equipment, the effectiveness of the method is verified.
Static magnetic field stimulation over motor cortex modulates resting functional connectivity in humans
Authors: Soto-León Vanesa , Torres-Llacsa Mabel , Mordillo-Mateos Laura , Carrasco-López Carmen , Pineda-Pardo José A. , Velasco Ana I. , Abad-Toribio Laura , Tornero Jesús , Foffani Guglielmo , Strange Bryan A. , Oliviero Antonio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFocal application of transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) over the human motor cortex induces local changes in cortical excitability. Whether tSMS can also induce distant network effects, and how these local and distant effects may vary over time, is currently unknown. In this study, we applied 10 min tSMS over the left motor cortex of healthy subjects using a real/sham parallel design. To measure tSMS effects at the sensori-motor network level, we used resting-state fMRI. Real tSMS, but not sham, reduced functional connectivity within the stimulated sensori-motor network. This effect of tSMS showed time-dependency, returning to sham levels after the first 5 min of fMRI scanning. With 10 min real tSMS over the motor cortex we did not observe effects in other functional networks examined (default mode and visual system networks). In conclusion, 10 min of tSMS over a location within the sensori-motor network reduces functional connectivity within the same functional network.
Significant boost of the stability and PLQYof CsPbBr3 NCs by Cu-BTC MOF
Authors: Shankar Hari , Yu William W. , Kang Youngjong , Kar Prasenjit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeveloping stable perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with enhancing luminescent properties holds great importance for future potential applications in optoelectronics. Here, we engaged perovskite NCs in Cu2+ ion-based metal–organic framework (MOF) Cu-BTC (BTC = 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate) by physical mixing of MOF with CsPbBr3 NCs in toluene solution. MOF-protected perovskite NCs achieved high photoluminescence quantum yield 96.51% than pristine state CsPbBr3 NCs (51.66%). Along with the improvement in optical properties, the long-term stability of CsPbBr3 NCs in the solution phase also increases considerably upon loading in Cu-BTC MOF. Moreover, the changes in the luminescent intensity of the samples have been observed for 3 months in the solution. After 1 month, pristine CsPbBr3 NCs lose their emission intensity 68% from the initial, while the MOF-protected CsPbBr3 NCs show only a 10% reduction from the initial. These results indicate that the effective passivation of Cu-BTC MOF inhibits the aggregation of NCs, protecting them from the defective atmosphere. The excellent photoluminescence findings provide a new pathway for future optoelectronic applications.
Identification of novel off targets of baricitinib and tofacitinib by machine learning with a focus on thrombosis and viral infection
Authors: Faquetti Maria L. , Grisoni Francesca , Schneider Petra , Schneider Gisbert , Burden Andrea M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs there are no clear on-target mechanisms that explain the increased risk for thrombosis and viral infection or reactivation associated with JAK inhibitors, the observed elevated risk may be a result of an off-target effect. Computational approaches combined with in vitro studies can be used to predict and validate the potential for an approved drug to interact with additional (often unwanted) targets and identify potential safety-related concerns. Potential off-targets of the JAK inhibitors baricitinib and tofacitinib were identified using two established machine learning approaches based on ligand similarity. The identified targets related to thrombosis or viral infection/reactivation were subsequently validated using in vitro assays. Inhibitory activity was identified for four drug-target pairs (PDE10A [baricitinib], TRPM6 [tofacitinib], PKN2 [baricitinib, tofacitinib]). Previously unknown off-target interactions of the two JAK inhibitors were identified. As the proposed pharmacological effects of these interactions include attenuation of pulmonary vascular remodeling, modulation of HCV response, and hypomagnesemia, the newly identified off-target interactions cannot explain an increased risk of thrombosis or viral infection/reactivation. While further evidence is required to explain both the elevated thrombosis and viral infection/reactivation risk, our results add to the evidence that these JAK inhibitors are promiscuous binders and highlight the potential for repurposing.