bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saliva and serum acetylcholinesterase activity in Multiple sclerosis
Authors: Koshkzari Roghayeh , Mirzaii-Dizgah Iraj , Moghaddasi Mehdi , Mirzaii-Dizgah Mohammad-Reza 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is mediated by the immune system that damages the myelin sheath. Most patients experience inflammation. Since one of the factors that has a role in reducing inflammation is acetylcholine, and according to the benefits of saliva, in this study, the level of salivary and serum cholinesterase activity in patients with MS and healthy were evaluated. Thirty women with MS who were referred to the neurology ward of Imam Reza and Hazrat Rasoul Hospitals and 30 healthy female were participated in the study. The severity of MS was calculated by EDSS. Saliva and serum samples were collected in the morning. Cholinesterase activity was assessed by photometric method. The mean cholinesterase activity in stimulated and unstimulated saliva and serum significantly reduced in MS group. The cutoff for differentiation of MS patients from healthy individuals by assessing cholinesterase activity (IU/L) was 3577 in serum, 241 in unstimulated saliva and 266 in stimulated saliva. It seems that cholinesterase activity decreases in patients with MS.
Comprehensive Analysis of Cuproptosis Regulators With Regard to prognostic and Immune Infiltration in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang YaXuan , Wang XiaoLin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is one of the most common tumors of the male urinary system. It is highly heterogeneous, and there is still a lack of biomarkers to predict the prognosis of patients with advanced KIRC. Cuproptosis is a new type of cell death recently discovered and plays an important role in tumor. The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of cuproptosis-related genes and immune infiltration in KIRC.Results: There were significant differences in the expression of copper death-related genes in KIRC. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the 10 cuproptosis-related genes were mainly related to the Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)，Pyruvate metabolism，Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis，Carbon metabolism，Central carbon metabolism in cancer，Glucagon signaling pathway，HIF−1 signaling pathway. A cuproptosis-related gene signature stratifying patients into 2 risk score groups was established based on the TCGA cohort, Patients with higher risk scores had worse overall survival. In addition, we also found that cuproptosis-related genes were closely related to immune cell infiltration, TMB, MSI.Conclusions: In conclusion, we comprehensively analyzed the prognostic and immune infiltration effects of cuproptosis-related genes in KIRC, and identified five genes as prognostic biomarkers of KIRC. our study provides important evidence for the role of cuproptosis in KIRC.
Prevalence, risk factors and prognostic of seizures after ischemic stroke
Authors: Moreira Mairla Maracaba , Andrade Joao Brainer Clares , Araújo Davi Said , Rolim Flávia Paiva , Monteira Marla Rochana Braga , Frota Norberto Anizio , Lima Fabrício Oliveira , Silva Gisele Sampaio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background. Epileptic seizure (ES) is a common and well-established complication associated with stroke. The presence of large ischemic areas and cortical lesions may lead to a higher risk of secondary ES. Although widely assessed, the occurrence of ES secondary to stroke has until unclear frequency, risk factors and functional impact. Objective. To evaluate the predictive factors for a post-stroke ES, as well as its effects on the clinical outcome at hospital discharge. Methods: A total of 492 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients admitted to our stroke unit were included. Acute symptomatic seizures were defined as seizures that occur within the period of hospitalization without previous history of seizure with clinical and/or electroencephalographic evidence. Results: Thirty-eight patients (7.7%) had in-hospital clinical epileptic seizures. Seizures were significantly more common in patients with total anterior circulation syndrome. The NIHSS score (OR 1.07, 95% CI, p=0.03) and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation (OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.38-8.99, p=0.01) were independent predictors for ES. We did not find an association between the occurrence of seizures and unfavorable outcomes at discharge (OR1.26, 95% CI 0.3-5.32, p=0.75). Conclusion: Patients with higher NIHSS on admission and who develop symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation are at risk of an in-hospital epileptic seizure. Acute symptomatic ES after AIS does not appear to be an independent predictor of an unfavorable outcome at discharge.
A rare case of combined abnormalities of renal and testicular vessels
Authors: Perumal Vivek , Vallabhajosyula Ranganath , Mogali Sreenivasulu Reddy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In clinical practice, pre-operative radiological assessment of gonadal and renal vessels is important in planning alternative surgical procedures related to the urogenital structures and/or the great vessels of the abdomen. Failure to identify critical vascular variations may be considered a technical error, resulting in inadvertent surgical injuries that may result in ethical and medico-legal litigation. One such variation was encountered in a male plastinated cadaver during routine undergraduate teaching that showed an abnormal origin, course and relation of the left testicular artery from an accessory renal artery on the same side, and a duplicated right testicular artery with a retrocaval course. The purpose of this report is to discuss the possible embryological reasons for the combined vascular variants that were found as well as any possible clinical implications
Scaling laws of multiple functional components covering comprehensive processes in cities
Authors: Shang Longfei , Wu Zhaoping , Wu Bijie , Yang Guofu , Ge Ying , Chang Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Many urban features are found to follow the scaling law (Y = αNβ). It has been found that the infrastructures scale 5/6 sublinearly with the population size, and the commercial facilities scale superlinearly. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the scaling laws of different types of functional components covering comprehensive urban processes, and the mechanism explanation for scaling laws of functional components is rare. Using data from 523 cities, this study studied the scaling laws of 22 types of functional components, taking into account the socio-economic development stage of cities. Results show that: (1) the scaling exponent of transportation facilities such as road areas is 5/6, that of components such as banks, telecom halls and libraries is 8/9, and the waterworks and delivery outlets scale linearly; (2) the scaling exponents of fast-food restaurants, stadiums and factories are positively correlated with profitability, varying 6/5 ~ 7/5; (3) the insufficient supply makes the decomposers deviate from the 5/6 sublinear scaling; (4) economic and urbanization development improve the scaling exponents of commercial components; (5) economic development decreases the scaling exponents of some types of infrastructures, while urbanization increases it.
Balancing stand productivity and wood quality in chestnut coppices using chronosequence approach and productivity model
Authors: Marziliano Pasquale A. , Tognetti Roberto , Mercuri Michele , Labate Antonino , Lombardi Fabio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Trade-offs between high stand productivity and good wood quality exist for chestnut coppices and related wood-based products. The main objective of this study was to determine the most suitable duration (in years) of cutting cycles to maximize stand productivity and preserve wood quality. To this aim, a growth model was developed to verify if wood quality of chestnut coppices at different stand ages varies when the rotation period is modified. Wood quality and stand productivity were analysed, using a chronosequence approach, in stands characterized by four cutting cycles (15, 25, 30, and 50 years). Results implied that the culmination of the mean annual increment occurs at 28 years, while the current annual increment culminates 10 years earlier. The MOEd values revealed a negative correlation with shoot age, however, a cutting cycle between 25 and 30 years might represent the best compromise for balancing stand productivity and wood quality.
In silico analysis of mercury resistance genes extracted from Pseudomonas spp. involved in bioremediation
Authors: Dibbisa Duguma , Wagari Gobena 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Microbial gene and gene production were diverse and beneficial for heavy metal bioremediation from the contaminated sites. Screening of genes and gene products plays an important role in the detoxification of pollutants. Understanding of promoter region and its regulatory elements is a vital implication of microbial genes. To the best of our knowledge, there is no in silico analysis report so far on mer genes families used for heavy metal bioremediation. Results: The motif distribution was observed densely upstream of the TSS from +1 to -400bp and sparsely distributed above -500bp, according to the current study. MEME identified the best common candidate motifs of TFs binding with the lowest e value (7.2e 033) and is the most statistically significant candidate motif. The EXPREG output of the 11 TFs with varying degrees of function as activation, repression transcriptions, and dual purposes was thoroughly examined. Data revealed that transcriptional gene regulation in terms of activation and repression was observed at 36.4% and 54.56% respectively. This shows that the vast majority of TFs are involved in the transcription gene repression rather than activation. Likewise, EXPREG output revealed that transcriptional conformational modes, such as monomer, dimer, tetramer, and other factors, were also analyzed. The data indicated that the majority of transcriptional conformation mode was dual which accounts for 96%. CpG island analysis using online and offline tools revealed that the gene body had fewer CpG islands as compared with the promoter regions. Conclusion: Understanding the common candidate motifs, transcriptional factors binding sites, and regulatory elements of the mer operon gene cluster using a machine learning approach could help us better understand gene expression patterns in heavy metal bioremediation.
Modulation of zinc transporter expressions by additional zinc in C2C12 cells cultured in a high glucose environment and in the presence of insulin or interleukin 6
Authors: Ruz Manuel , Andrews-Guzmán Mónica , Arredondo-Olguín Miguel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Zn status has been related to various chronic diseases presenting oxidative stress and inflammation, such as type-2 diabetes. Zn supplementation has been suggested to be a potential coadjuvant in the management of this condition. Zn transporters constitute a key component in the maintenance of Zn homeostasis. Our aim was to evaluate the modulatory effect of additional Zn on the expression of selected Zn transporters (ZnT1, ZnT5, ZnT7, ZIP6, ZIP7, ZIP10, ZIP14), in myoblast (C2C12) cells cultured in normal and high glucose, and in the absence or presence of insulin, and interleukin 6 (IL 6). Main findings in our study were that in high glucose conditions in absence of insulin or IL 6, additional Zn increased ZnT1, ZIP6 and decreased ZnT5 and ZIP7 expressions. However, this situation is modified by insulin, where incremental Zn induced increased expressions of ZnT1, ZnT5, and all ZIP transporters studied. IL 6 also modified gene expressions; additional Zn caused increased expressions of ZnT1, ZnT7, ZIP6, ZIP7, and ZIP14. This study provides preliminary evidence on the expression of selected Zn transporters in C2C12 cells subjected to high glucose and incremental Zn, emphasizing the relevance of inflammatory and high-insulin environments. The implications of these findings deserve further study.
Cytogenomic profiling and clinical correlation of 21q22 amplification in acute myeloid leukemia reveal distinct cytogenomic features and poor outcomes
Authors: Kudalkar Emily , Pang Changlee , Haag Mary M. , Pollyea Daniel A. , Kamdar Manali , Xu Gang , Su Meng , Carstens Billie , Swisshelm Karen , Bao Liming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: 21q22 amplification is a rare cytogenetic aberration in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). So far, the cytogenomic and molecular features and clinical correlation of 21q22 amplification in AML have not been well-characterized. Case Presentation: Here, we describe a case series of three AML patients with amplified 21q22 identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a RUNX1 probe. Two of these patients presented with therapy-related AML (t-AML) secondary to chemotherapy, while the third had de novo AML. There was one case each of FAB M0, M1 and M4. Morphologic evidence of dysplasia was identified in both t-AML cases. Phenotypic abnormalities of the myeloblasts were frequently observed. Extra copies of 21q22 were present on chromosome 21 and at least one other chromosome in two cases. Two showed a highly complex karyotype. Microarray analysis of 21q22 amplification in one case demonstrated alternating levels of high copy number gain split within the RUNX1 locus at 21q22, a pattern distinct from the iAMP21 profile reported in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The same patient also had mutated TP53. Two patients died at 1.5 and 11 months post-treatment, while the third elected palliative care and died within 2 weeks. Conclusions: Our results provide further evidence that 21q22 amplification in AML is associated with complex karyotypes, TP53 aberrations, and poor outcomes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that 21q22 amplification is not always intrachromosomally localized to chromosome 21 and could be a result of structural aberrations involving 21q22 and other chromosomes.
Identifying Factors Across Multiple Scales That Impact Bat Activity and Species Richness in a Fragmented Landscape
Authors: RUSSO-PETRICK KELLY M. , Bowling KAREN V. ROOT 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Context
The high amount of spatial variation in bat data and lack of multi-scale studies on how human land use impacts bats creates a need for more information on how these habitat impact bats at different scales. This is the most widespread road survey done in the Oak Openings Region, a biodiverse mixed land use region in Northwest Ohio. There is also a lack of prior hotspot analysis using bat acoustic activity.
Objectives
The main objective of this study was to determine what habitat factors impact bat activity and species diversity along road transects at multiple scales. Another objective was to identify the areas of highest bat activity in the region with hotspot analysis.
Methods
The Bat data was collected using acoustic monitoring along road transects. Bat activity and species richness were compared to local scale characteristics collected in the field and landscape scale characteristics collected in ArcGIS and FRAGSTATS to determine the most important habitat characteristics. Hotspots of bat activity were calculated in ArcGIS.
Results
At the local scale, bat activity and/or species richness were positively associated with canopy height, clutter from 0–3 meters (m), humidity, natural habitat, canopy cover, months water present, and temperature and negatively associated with clutter from 3-6.5 m. At the landscape scale, activity and/or richness had positive associations with number of habitat types, m of roads, percent savanna, ponds, upland prairie, and total forest cover. Activity and/or species richness were negatively associated with percent conifer forest, floodplain forest, and cropland at the landscape scale. Hot spots were consistent between years and clustered in the northern part of the region, especially near protected areas. Cold spots were less consistent between years but generally located in the southern part of the region near agricultural areas.
Conclusions
When managing bat habitat along roads, it would be advantageous to decrease clutter at medium height levels, vary habitat types, increase open natural habitats such as savanna and upland prairie, avoid excessive conifer and floodplain forest or cropland cover, plant tall trees, and provide water sources. This study shows that combining acoustic road surveys with habitat at multiple scales are an effective way to examine the most important habitat factors influencing bat activity and species richness.
Assessment of bioactive compounds, physicochemical properties and microbial attributes of hot air-dried mango seed kernel powder: An approach for quality and safety evaluation of hot air-dried mango seed kernel powder
Authors: Dukare Ajinath , Bibwe Bhushan , Samota Mahesh Kumar , Dawange Sandeep , Kumar Manoj , Lorenzo Jose M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The presence of carbon and nitrogenous compounds in mango processing by-products makes them excellent substrates for the biosynthesis of many microbial metabolites using fermentation processes. Pre-treatment of the substrate with retention of crucial growth supporting compounds is vital for designing and optimizing fermentation media for enhanced production of desired metabolites. The present study investigated the effect of hot air drying (HAD) (50, 60, 70, and 80°C) on the bioactive compounds, physio-chemical and minerals profile, fermentable sugar, and microbial safety of mango (Cv-chausa) seed kernel powder. Results indicated that different drying temperatures non-significantly (P < 0.05) affected the carbohydrates, starch (except at 60 and 80°C), nitrogen and protein content. The pH (except at 70°C), total phenolics, and antioxidant activity decreased with an increase in drying temperatures. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis revealed the increase in concentrations of majority minerals with incremental drying temperature. The microbial load of powdered seed kernel after 30 days of room temperature storage was within safe limits, as samples were devoid of food pathogens. Briefly, the study suggests HAD (at 70–80°C) to convert mango kernels into stable powdered form for prolonged storage. The powdered kernels can be utilized in diversified food industry and as a feedstock (with safe storability, preserved bioactive, mainly carbon and nitrogen compounds) for biosynthesis of valuable metabolites via microbial fermentation route.
Switching p-type to high-performance n-type organic electrochemical transistors via doped state engineering
Authors: Li Peiyun , Shi Junwei , Lei Yuqiu , Huang Zhen , Lei Ting 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
High-performance n-type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are essential for constructing OECT-based logic circuits and enhancing the sensitivity of OECT-based sensors. However, the performances of n-type OECTs lag far behind that of the p-type ones due to the lack of effective molecular design strategies. Conventional wisdom posits that the LUMO energy level dictates the n-type performance. Herein, we show that engineering the doped state of conjugated polymers is more critical for n-type OECT polymers. By balancing more charges to the donor moiety, we could effectively switch a typical p-type polymer to high-performance n-type OECT materials. Based on this concept, the new polymer, P(gTDPP2FT), exhibits a record high n-type OECT performance with µC* of 54.8 F cm− 1 V− 1 s− 1. The polymer also shows a record n-type OECT electron mobility of 0.35 cm2 V− 1 s− 1, leading to a fast response speed of τon/τoff = 1.75/0.15 ms. DFT calculations and comparison studies show that the switching mechanism of the charge transport type is primarily due to the more uniformly distributed charges, stabilized negative polaron, and enhanced backbone planarity at negatively charged states. Unlike conventional molecular design strategies mainly focusing on lowering the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of the neutral polymers, our work highlights the critical role of understanding and engineering the polymer doped states.
GIS-based landslide susceptibility zonation mapping using frequency ratio and logistics regression models in the Dessie area, South Wello, Ethiopia
Authors: Korma Tesfaye Chala 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate landslides influencing factors and prepare landslide susceptibility zonation map, Dessie area is situated in South wello Ethiopia. For this study, lithology, slope, curvature, elevation, land use, slope aspect, distance from road, river and tectonic fault were considered as landslide causative factors. The landslide inventory database was developed from extensive fieldwork and Google Earth imagery and randomly partitioned as training datasets (70%) and testing datasets (30%) using the Subset features Tools in ArcGIS. The training datasets combined with landslide causative factors to produce landslide susceptibility zonation maps. The testing datasets used to validate the maps using Area under the curve (AUC) of the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) method. The spatial relationship between landslide and landslide causative factors analyzed in frequency Ratio and logistic regression models and the results used to prepare landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) maps in GIS environments. Landslide susceptibility zonation maps were classified into five categories: very low, low, medium, high and very high zones. Finally, the results of analysis were validated by comparing known landslide location with LSZ maps using AUC of ROC. The prediction accuracy value obtained shows that the logistic regression model (84.4%) is better in prediction than frequency ratio model (80.8%). The analysis shows that the prediction rate of FR model achieved 80.8% while the LR model achieved 84.4%. These maps show areas prone to landslides that will be used for proper land use planning and further sustainable development activities in the area.
ENTPD1 (CD39) and NT5E (CD73) expression in human Glioblastoma: an in silico analysis
Authors: Stefani Marco Antônio , de Andrade Guilherme Pamplona Bueno , Santos Guilherme Tomasi , Braganhol Elizandra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults. It has a poor prognosis and the available lines of treatment have barely improved patient survival over the past decade. ENTPD1 and NT5E are genes that encode the cell surface enzymes CD39 and CD73, respectively. Both act in a purinergic extracellular pathway, hydrolyzing ATP into adenosine, promoting tumor immunosuppression, neovascularization and invasiveness. Thus, these genes emerge as genetic targets for new treatments for glioblastoma. We performed an in silico analysis of 156 tumor samples in an unexplored public database to investigate the prognostic value and consequent therapeutic potential for these genes. The analyzes revealed a significant increase in transcription levels of the genes under study in glioblastoma samples versus non-tumor brain tissue samples. High expression of NT5E or ENTPD1 is independently related to a decrease in overall survival (p = 5.4e-04, 1.1e-05). NT5E transcriptional levels are significantly higher in wild-type glioblastoma IDH patients compared to mutant glioblastoma IDH, while ENTPD1 levels show no significant differences, p ≤ 0.001. Finally, patients with mutated glioblastoma IDH and wild-type IDH had significantly lower overall survival when transcriptional levels of target genes were increased (p = 0.011; p = 3.2e-03). These data indicate the need for further population studies that explore the value of ENTPD1 and NT5E not only as prognostic markers but also as potential therapeutic targets.