bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal and Social Status of Eunuchs Islam and Pakistan
Authors: Rizwana Gul  , Nadia Zafar  , Shaista Naznin  
Published: July 2022

Media interest on eunuch and their problems has blossomed over the past decade. Stories about eunuchs have been the focus of dozens of books, movies, television dramas, and documentaries. Similarly, eunuchs now has moved from being a relatively obscure topic, Examined in a handful of medical journals, to becoming the central topic of numerous books and articles in a variety of disciplines, including psychology, history, anthropology, and medical ethics. Eunuchs now a day has also become a hot topic in legal circles. In the past ten years, more than a hundred legal articles and books have included a discussion on eunuchs and their problems. Most of these publications do not focus on the issues that have a direct effect on the lives of eunuchs.
Understanding how the issues that are critical to people with such condition can be conflated with the issues affecting other people who challenge sex and gender norms requires a basic understanding of the nature of intersexuality. The meaning of the term eunuch has varied and the issue is still a topic of sometimes heated discussion. Although doctors and activists debate exactly what conditions qualify as to be called eunuch I am using the term in its broadest sense to include anyone with a congenital condition whose sex chromosomes, gonads, or internal or external sexual anatomy do not fit clearly into the binary male/female norm.
Activists working to enhance the rights of eunuch’s advocate of eliminating harmful practices based on sex and gender stereotypes. In addition, both groups seek to enhance the right to sexual self-determination. The primary focus of each group differs, however. The primary goal of the eunuch’s movement is to eliminate or decrease the number of medically unnecessary genital surgeries being performed on children with an intersex condition. Intersex advocates believe that these medical interventions often result in physical and emotional trauma. Thus, they believe that these surgeries should not be performed on children and should only be undertaken with the informed consent of patient’s parents when they reach an age at which they can fully understand the risks and can decide for themselves whether they want to undergo genital surgery. The eunuch’s activist movement is still in its infancy and is in the process of developing its advocacy strategies.
Although scholars in a variety of disciplines, including medical ethics, history, psychology, sociology, and anthropology, have published books on eunuchs, none has examined the role that the law can play in enhancing the lives of people with an intersex condition. The legal frameworks used by social justice movements that have effectively brought challenges to discriminatory practices and explores whether the eunuchs movement can form mutually beneficial alliances with these other movements and use similar legal strategies.
Ayurveda in Marma Therapy
Authors: Lula Jadwiga Lidia 
Published: July 2022

The subject of this article is one of the unconventional forms of Marma treatment selected from among other Ayurvedic therapies. This article was written in response to the growing popularity of alternative treatments from different cultures. The author briefly presents Ayurveda, in particular Marme, and other selected concepts and assumptions about this form of treatment ("Dhatus" means "what supports the body" Mala "malas" means "what pollutes the body" are byproducts of metabolism, Ama are toxic substances, Agni in the human body is the force responsible for metabolism, Odjah (Ojas) means "endurance", "strength" or "resistance", triguna are the three qualities of the mind). The presentation aims to show the accessibility of this philosophy, which undoubtedly affects its reception. According to the author's assumption, the interest in Ayurveda results from a concise and understandable way of describing the subject of health, which is presented by this concept, which is described in various publicly available publications. In addition, the alternative therapy discussed in the article is a response to many ailments that affect modern society, especially stress. In conclusion, the author states that the presentation of the therapy confirms the thesis that the consistent and understandable approach to health according to the Ayurvedic concept contributes to the popularity of selected therapies.

Received: 26 April 2022 / Accepted: 30 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Scientific Production on Zoom Fatigue: Understanding a New Phenomenon
Authors: Chaparro Josué Edison Turpo , Mamani-Benito Oscar , Esteban Renzo Felipe Carranza , Saavedra-López Miguel A. , Calle-Ramírez Xiomara M. , Llopiz-Guerra Karel , Hernández Ronald M. 
Published: July 2022

The objective of this research was to characterize the production of Latin American scientific literature on Zoom fatigue. A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted in which 41 manuscripts published in journals indexed in the Scopus database between January 2020 and December 2021 were analyzed. The variables studied were document frequency, scientific production by country, number of authors, institutional affiliation and scientific production by descriptor. It was found that 58.54% of the identified manuscripts are research articles. The country with the highest scientific production is the United States (46.34%); institutions in the Philippines and the United States stand out since they have the highest scientific production, and Journal of Loss and Trauma is the journal with the highest number of publications. Regarding affiliation, the authors belong to entities in the Philippines. It is necessary to continue researching on zoom fatigue, considering that it is currently widely used worldwide in organizations, but the effect or positive or negative impacts on the human being are not measured.

Received: 8 March 2022 / Accepted: 20 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
The Self-Concept of Street Children’s Mothers in Understanding the Meaning of Life: A Phenomenological Study in Indonesia
Authors: Tayo Yanti , Damayani Ninis Agustini , Bajari Atwar , Setiawan Wawan 
Published: July 2022

This study is a daily experience of a life phenomenon. In this paper, we present how the self-concept of street children’s mothers, who earn a living by allowing their children to work as beggars or street singers at the crossroads in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. It used a qualitative approach with phenomenological method to explore the self-concept of street children’s mothers. The data was obtained through observation and interview with selected respondent, namely the mothers who have children in the 6 to 10 age group and who earn a living on the street and provide financial support for their family. The results suggested that the mothers of street children feel like their life is always underprivileged, causing unsatisfactory feeling in their own selves. It is considered as a fair occurrence when their children work on the streets, even though the mothers realize that such phenomenon is not right, nor suitable for children.

Received: 31 January 2022 / Accepted: 29 April 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
The Scope of Crime by Social Origin in the Region of Gjilan
Authors: Maloku Ahmet , Qerimi Islam , Maloku Elda 
Published: July 2022

This paper examines the findings of a research conducted in the Gjilan area over the previous five years on the extent of crime by socioeconomic origin (mostly offenders of criminal acts in six towns) (ALFA, BETA, GAMMA, DELTA, and EPSILON). The location of the examination in the Gjilan area is given additional emphasis mostly in methodological portion. We incorporated words that more accurately characterize the studied issue and its interpretative position in the observed occurrence in the study and discussion outcomes. This study was used as a statistical method as a very favorable method (review using tables and graphs) that is developed in space and certain periods of data gathering, review, and presentation related to the extent of crime, according to the social origin of crime, and according to the dynamic rate of spread in the countries with the largest populations. The data was gathered using empirical methods. Empirical data was acquired from security source records in relation with cases classified as criminal crimes. The findings revealed statistically significant disparities in the extent of crime over the research period between people committing criminal acts based on their socioeconomic background (rural and urban areas). There are additional disparities in the fact that crime occurs more dynamically and to a greater extent in larger towns. The study will add to and complete the body of scientific information on the issue of criminal populations. The study's findings will aid in the development of new strategies and approaches for reducing the criminal population in the Gjilan region and preventing particular types of crime. Research is also significant for social practice and practical reasons such as controlling and properly preventing crime.

Received: 5 March 2022 / Accepted: 26 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Evaluating Financial Performance of Jordanian Bank Listed on Amman Stock Exchange for the Period (2016-2020)
Authors: Kerroucha Fatima Zohra , Dich Fatima Zohra 
Published: July 2022

This study aims to identify the level of financial performance of Jordanian banks listed on Amman stock exchange during the period (2016-2020), using the financial ratios approved in assessing the financial performance of banks, to determine their performance during the study phase. Concerning the purposes of achieving the objective of the study, five financial ratios are extracted from the financial reports of the banks of the research sample for each year of the study: return on assets, return on equity, total assets to equity right ratio (equity multiplier), net profit margin and utility assets. The study noted that the financial performance of the Jordanian bank group during the period of the study was fragile, due to the high debt ratio and the low rates of return for these banks, this reflects the negative impact of the Corona crisis on the Jordanian economy represented by the increase of the volume of either internal or external debt, and the decrease in the proportion of foreign investment flows.

Received: 22 February 2022 / Accepted: 7 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Japan’s Quiet Power: The Case of Tokyo’s Vaccine Diplomacy to Southeast Asia
Authors: Dang Bui Hai , Glenn John 
Published: July 2022

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Japan’s vaccine diplomacy in Southeast Asia has gained much traction as regional countries are wrestling with a dual challenge, i.e., navigating the pandemic and seeking economic recovery and growth. Japan’s donation of coronavirus vaccine shots to Southeast Asian countries confronting this severe pandemic is one expression of Tokyo’s strategic approach towards the region: helping regional countries in need and buttressing its status as a responsible stakeholder. What should deserve attention is that Tokyo has sought a more robust status with its niche diplomacy, the signature characteristic of middle powers, while keeping a low profile in its support for regional countries. The paper argues that as Japan is becoming more committed to the Indo-Pacific region in general and Southeast Asia specifically, Tokyo’s niche diplomacy of vaccine donations has sought to win the hearts and minds of regional countries. The non-traditional approach can foster Japan’s status in Southeast Asia and widen its maneuvering space amid China’s growing assertiveness. Japan’s diplomatic statecraft portrayed via Tokyo’s vaccine diplomacy in Southeast Asia may provide emerging middle powers with valuable lessons on strengthening their influence.

Received: 31 January 2022 / Accepted: 18 April 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
The Purpose of Ratiocination and its Impact on Text Construct from the Viewpoint of the Author of Adwa' Al-Bayan fi Idah Al-Qur'an bil Qur’an: A Jurisprudential-Syntactic Study
Authors: Abdallahi Tar , Alhourani Mohammad Issa , Haswa Maher 
Published: July 2022

The present research investigates an important problem in the human history in general and in the legislative history in particular: ratiocination and its purpose in text construct. Ratiocination is a to-convince tool used to interpret religious or social phenomena. In other words, it helps the reader to become hopeful and confident, where the more he perceives the relationships in a text (i.e. causes and effects, and precedents and results), the abler he will be to interact with an epistle. Accordingly, the Islamic legislation, while considering targets’ circumstances, have ratiocinated many of its judgements. The Qur’an is the primary source of the holy Sharia and there are clear-cut occasions where it ratiocinated the judgements to convince the readers. In this research, we investigate the purpose of ratiocination and its role in and impact on text construct from the viewpoint of a jurist-syntactician, given that this person has a deep understanding of the analysis and ratiocination of the Qur’anic provisions. We aim to achieve the purpose of the study by shedding light on the interpretation of this commentator from the Qur’an, in an attempt to uncover the methodological tools that he relied on in ratiocinating the text.

Received: 23 March 2022 / Accepted: 18 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Stress, Challenges, Discrimination and Sense-Making Processes of Gay University Students: The Social Stigma Approach
Authors: Dos Santos Luis Miguel 
Published: July 2022

On 24th May 2019, the same-sex marriage law took effect, which allowed same-sex couples to marry in Taiwan. About two years after the same-sex marriage law took effect in the community, only a few studies focused on the stress, challenges, discrimination, and sense-making processes of sexual minorities in Taiwan, particularly in the rural communities. Based on the social stigma theory and case study methodology, the researcher collected qualitative data from 16 gay university students who are currently enrolled at one of the Taiwanese universities in rural communities. The results indicated that support of the university administrators, support in the classroom environments, and support in dormitories and roommates were the main findings. The results of this study would fill the research and practical gaps in the fields of same-sex marriage, LGBT rights, and sexual minorities, for the government leaders, non-profit organisations, school administrators, and scholars in the Taiwanese environment.

Received: 21 April 2022 / Accepted: 26 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
The Role of Parental Authority in Social Performance and Emotion Regulation with Relation to Temperament among First-Grade Students
Authors: Abu-Alkeshek Esra’a Omar , Abumelhim Mohammad Husni , Albakour Manar Fahmi , Al Dalaeen Issam Duheilan , Al Dalaeen Mutaz Duheilan 
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to reveal the role of parental authority in social performance and the regulation of emotions and their relationship to temperament among first-grade students in private schools in Amman-Jordan. A sample of 939 students (males and females) of private schools in Amman was selected through stratified random sampling. The study depends on a correlation descriptive approach and used the parenting practices scale (Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ), the Emotion Regulation Scale, Temperament scale, and the children’s behavior questionnaires (CBQ) to collect data. The means, standard deviation (SD), Pearson’s correlation coefficient and (Z) test were used as statistical methods for data analysis. The results showed that the level of parenting practices scored a medium level, with a mean of (2.90), the emotion regulation scored a medium level, with a mean of (2.99), while the level of temperament scored a high level, with a mean of (4.86) of the total score. The results also showed the existence of a positive, statistically significant relationship at (α = 0.05) between parenting practices and the regulation of emotions, and there was no statistically significant difference at (α = 0.05) in the strength of the relationship due to the effect of the temperament pattern of the students between the regulation of emotions on the one hand and each of the participation, positivity, control, and punishment. Yet, there was a statistically significant difference (α=0.05) in the strength of the relationship due to the effect of the students' temperament level between emotion regulation and control in favor of low temperament.

Received: 16 April 2022 / Accepted: 29 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Worldwide Scientific Production on Teleworking in Scopus in Times of COVID-19
Authors: Mamani-Benito Oscar , Esteban Renzo Felipe Carranza , Hernández Ronald M. , Tito-Betancur Madona , Chaparro Josué Edison Turpo , Saavedra-López Miguel A. , Calle-Ramírez Xiomara M. , Sierra-Liñan Fernando 
Published: July 2022

Given the impact of COVID-19, teleworking has become an alternative work modality, so it is important to evaluate the scientific activity on the subject. Thus, the objective was to analyze the global scientific production on teleworking in times of COVID-19. Retrospective and descriptive study, whose unit of analysis was the publications on teleworking in journals indexed in the Scopus database between January 2020 and December 2021. The search was performed using the fields Article Title, Abstracts, Keywords, where 24 search terms were applied: teleworking, telecommuting, work from home, teleworking, telecommuting, work from home, online work, e-work, telecommuting, teletrabajo, trabado desde casa, trabajo online, e-trabajo, trabajo a distancia, teletrabalho, trabalho a partir de casa, trabalho em linha, trabalho electrónico, trabalho à distancia, and their relation with the term Covid-19. Likewise, 995 articles were found and 75.38% of them were original manuscripts. United States is the country with the largest scientific production with 21.21%. The Università degli Studi di Torino of Italy has published 10 papers and 80% of the articles on teleworking in times of COVID-19 have been published in quartile 1 and 2 journals. Teleworking in times of COVID-19 has been studied in several countries around the world as well as in different academic disciplines, which allows us to know progress on the subject, thereby generating policies and lines of research for the prevention of occupational hazards.

Received: 8 February 2022 / Accepted: 22 April 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Forced Displacement in Libya and its Health, Psychological and Social Dimensions: The Case of the Displaced Tawergha
Authors: Raheel Mohamed Faraj Saleh , Snoubar Yaser 
Published: July 2022

Exposure to the physiological, social, and psychological situations of those relocated from Tawergha is a relatively new issue in the study of Libyan forced migration. This inquiry aims to learn more about the social, psychological, and health situations of the people who have been displaced from Tawergha. Residents of two large camps that housed the Tawergha refugees were given a questionnaire. There were 435 displaced people in this research. The findings revealed substantial discrepancies between various characteristics (economic challenges, security situation, living in a disease-spreading environment, mingling with people) and the displaced people's health and psychological problems. The variable of attack exposure only affected the displaced's psychological difficulties. Also, at the 0.05 significance level, other factors such as a lack of housing, the absence of a family member, having adequate food, feeling rejected, movement constraints, and loneliness do not affect psychological difficulties and health conditions. In light of these findings, the study recommends implementing social measures to protect Libya's displaced people. In addition to the need for psychological support programs and the activation of social work for professional assistance with displacement issues, there is also a need for professional help with displacement concerns.

Received: 19 December 2021 / Accepted: 17 April 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Saudi Arabia Special Education Teachers' Perspectives toward Obstacles to Educational Rehabilitation for Students with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Aldehami Sultan 
Published: July 2022

This study examined Saudi Arabia teachers' perceptions of obstacles to educational rehabilitation for students with intellectual disability (ID). An online survey was completed by 84 special education teachers of students with ID. Results show statistically significant differences in these teachers’ perspectives on the obstacles based on the grade levels they taught; there were no differences based on the other demographic variables studied (i.e., gender, level of education, and teaching experience). Moreover, the results show no statistically significant differences in teachers' perspectives on obstacles to educational rehabilitation related to demographic characteristics of gender, level of education, teaching experience, and grade level, compared to their views on other obstacles such as those related to (a) the tools used in educational rehabilitation, (b) school administration and equipment, and (c) students with ID. Also, there were no statistically significant effects of multiple demographic factors on teachers’ perspectives on overall obstacles.

Received: 10 May 2022 / Accepted: 27 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022
Integrating Culture in Foreign Language Teaching: Case of Teaching Vietnamese for Foreigners in Vietnam
Authors: Cao Hao Thi 
Published: July 2022

Cultural integration in foreign language teaching is one of the ways to help learners develop language competence. In foreign language teaching, there have been many successful models of cultural integration. Vietnamese is also a foreign language of interest in some countries. In Vietnam, a cultural integration model in teaching Vietnamese to foreigners has been initially implemented with good results. The program was based on a number of culturally integrated teaching models to help foreigners learn Vietnamese effectively, including such elements as cultural experience (learning to sing folk songs and taking part in plays), and using literary texts (songs, proverbs). The purpose of this article is to report on a study of the effectiveness of this cultural integration program teaching Vietnamese to overseas students at the Thai Nguyen University of Education. The study involved scrutiny of documents, curricula and teaching methods, along with a survey of international students’ perceptions of three particular aspects of the program focused on cultural integration. The study also sought to gauge whether the Vietnamese language ability of the international student learners had been improved by engagement in the new program in comparison with student performance from the previous year. While such improvement was evident, the study offers suggestions for further improvement of the program.

Received: 29 April 2022 / Accepted: 30 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022