bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous adaptive behavioral responses may increase epidemic burden
Authors: Espinoza Baltazar , Swarup Samarth , Barrett Christopher L. , Marathe Madhav 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) constitute the front-line responses against epidemics. Yet, the interdependence of control measures and individual microeconomics, beliefs, perceptions and health incentives, is not well understood. Epidemics constitute complex adaptive systems where individual behavioral decisions drive and are driven by, among other things, the risk of infection. To study the impact of heterogeneous behavioral responses on the epidemic burden, we formulate a two risk-groups mathematical model that incorporates individual behavioral decisions driven by risk perceptions. Our results show a trade-off between the efforts to avoid infection by the risk-evader population, and the proportion of risk-taker individuals with relaxed infection risk perceptions. We show that, in a structured population, privately computed optimal behavioral responses may lead to an increase in the final size of the epidemic, when compared to the homogeneous behavior scenario. Moreover, we find that uncertain information on the individuals’ true health state may lead to worse epidemic outcomes, ultimately depending on the population’s risk-group composition. Finally, we find there is a set of specific optimal planning horizons minimizing the final epidemic size, which depend on the population structure.
Calculation of horizontal displacement of loess fill slope supported by frame prestressed anchors based on minimum potential energy method
Authors: Zhao Zhuangfu , Zhu Yanpeng , Ye Shuaihua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCombined with the deformation characteristics of flexible retaining structure, the horizontal displacement calculation method of loess fill slope supported by frame prestressed anchors is proposed. Based on the minimum potential energy method, the analytical solution of horizontal displacement of slope under self-weight and additional load is derived, and the influence of soil parameters and supporting structure parameters on displacement is analyzed. The proposed calculation method is applied to a practical engineering and compared with the numerical simulation, which shows that the method is reasonable and reliable. The minimum potential energy method is clear in concept and simple in solving the horizontal displacement of loess fill slope supported by frame prestressed anchors. The calculation method proposed in this paper can be applied to the structural optimization design of loess fill slope supported by frame prestressed anchors, and further enrich the displacement calculation theory of slope supported by flexible retaining structure.
Verifying the relationships of defect site and enhanced photocatalytic properties of modified ZrO2 nanoparticles evaluated by in-situ spectroscopy and STEM-EELS
Authors: Kim Hyun Sung , Kim Ye-Jin , Son Ye Rim , Pham Vy Ngoc , Kim Ki-jeong , Kim Chang Woo , Youn Young-Sang , Kwon Oh-Hoon , Lee Hangil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBase treatment and metal doping were evaluated as means of enhancing the photocatalytic activity of ZrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) via the generation of oxygen vacancies (OvS), and the sites responsible for this enhancement were identified and characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. We confirmed that OvS produced by base treatment engaged in photocatalytic activity for organic pollutant degradation, whereas surface defects introduced by Cr-ion doping engaged in oxidative catalysis of molecules. Moreover, we verified that base-treated ZrO2 NPs outperformed their Cr-ion doped counterparts as photocatalysts using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy coupled with electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS). Thus, our study provides valuable information on the origin of the enhanced photocatalytic activity of modified ZrO2 NPs and demonstrates the practicality of in situ spectroscopy and STEM-EELS for the evaluation of highly efficient metal oxide photocatalysts.
Forward converter using a resonant auxiliary circuit to provide soft‐switching and reset the magnetic core
Authors: Ghorbanian Monireh , Maghsoudi Mohammad , Esteki Morteza , Farzanehfard Hosein 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a new ZVT forward converter is presented in which the third winding of the forward converter is utilised to transfer power from the input to the output, recover the energy of the leakage inductance and snubber capacitance, and also provide ZVS condition for the converter switch. In the proposed converter, the main switch is turned ON and OFF under ZVS condition, and the auxiliary switch operates under ZCS condition. Besides, all the diodes are turned OFF under ZCS condition, and their reverse recovery losses are alleviated. Moreover, in the proposed converter, the voltage stress of the auxiliary switch is limited to the input voltage. As a result, the efficiency is improved. Since both converter switches and the input voltage share the same ground, no isolated gate driver is required in the implementation of the introduced converter. Also, due to the almost flat efficiency curve of the proposed converter, it is suitable for applications where the load range is wide. The proposed converter analysis, operating principals and design considerations are discussed in this paper, and the converter performance is justified by the implementation results from a 240 W prototype converter.
Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity in a Small Child with DRESS Syndrome
– A Case Report
Authors: Gruber Saskia , Gona-Hoepler Livia , Bangert Christine , Diesner Susanne C , Schmidthaler Klara , Szepfalusi Zsolt 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) belongs to the group of
severe cutaneous adverse reactions. Here we report a case of drug hypersensitivity
against multiple antibiotics with DRESS in a young child with necrotizing
pneumonia.
The Expression of Methyltransferase-Like 3 in Oral Precancerous Lesions and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Udompatanakorn Chatchaphan , Taebunpakul Patrayu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective N6-methyladenosine is the most frequent mRNA modification in eukaryotic cells. It is catalyzed by the methyltransferase complex, methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3). Previous studies have revealed that METTL3 plays a role in various cancers. However, there is limited information about the roles of METTL3 in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). This study determined METTL3 expression in normal oral mucosa (NOM), OED, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by immunohistochemistry.
Materials and Methods Twenty formalin-fixed paraffin embedded specimens each of NOM, OED, and OSCC were included. The expression pattern, the number of positive cells, the staining intensity, and the histochemical score (H-score) of METTL3 were investigated.
Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance, chi-squared test, and a Kruskal–Wallis test. A p-value < 0.05 indicated statistically significant.
Results The METTL3 expression in NOM was observed in the basal, parabasal, and lower layers of epithelium. In low-grade OED, METTL3 was expressed in the lower epithelial layers and partially presented in the spinous layer. However, in high-grade OED, METTL3 expression was observed in the lower layers, spinous layers, and upper layers of dysplastic epithelium. For OSCC, METTL3 immunostaining was presented in both the peripheral and central cells of the tumor islands. All NOM samples showed weak-to-moderate METTL3 staining intensity, while the moderate-to-strong METTL3 staining intensity was observed in 95% of both OED and OSCC specimens (p < 0.05). The percentage of METTL3 positive cells and H-score was highest in OSCC, followed by OED and NOM, respectively (p < 0.05). Interestingly, H-score was greater in high-grade OED (209.8 ± 18.61) when compared with low-grade OED (162.1 ± 38.93) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion METTL3 expression in OED and OSCC was more outstanding than in NOM, suggesting possible roles for OED and OSCC pathogenesis. Additionally, METTL3 expression may be an indicator for OED progression to OSCC.
The Predictive Value of Peripheral Immune Cell Counts for the Presence of Brain Metastases in Stage IV Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Abuelbeh I , Abu-Shawer O , Abu-Shawer M , Alkderat M , Safi M , Alwazani A , Alkhatib A , Abu-Hussain B , Aladawi M , Ismail S , Altamimi T , Abu Hejleh Taher 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background High neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor survival in lung cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR is associated with baseline brain metastasis in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods Medical records of stage IV NSCLC patients treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman-Jordan) between 2006 and 2016 were reviewed. Patients with baseline brain imaging and complete blood count (CBC) were included. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the optimal cutoff value for the association between NLR and baseline brain metastasis. Association between age, gender, location of the primary tumor, histology, and NLR was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.
Results A total of 722 stage IV NSCLC patients who had baseline brain imaging were included. Median age was 59 years. Baseline brain metastasis was present in 280 patients (39.3%). Nine patients had inconclusive findings about brain metastasis. The ROC curve value of 4.3 was the best fitting cutoff value for NLR association with baseline brain metastasis. NLR ≥ 4.3 was present in 340 patients (48%). The multivariate analyses showed that high baseline NLR (≥ 4.3) was significantly associated with higher odds of baseline brain metastasis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–2.2; p = 0.0042). Adenocarcinoma histology was also associated with baseline brain metastasis (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.25–0.6; p = 0.001).
Conclusion High NLR is associated with baseline brain metastasis in advanced-stage NSCLC. In the era of immunotherapy and targeted therapies, whether high NLR predicts response of brain metastasis to treatment is unknown.
Fundamental physics with a state-of-the-art optical clock in space
Authors: Derevianko Andrei , Gibble Kurt , Hollberg Leo , Newbury Nathan R , Oates Chris , Safronova Marianna S , Sinclair Laura C , Yu Nan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recent advances in optical atomic clocks and optical time transfer have enabled new possibilities in precision metrology for both tests of fundamental physics and timing applications. Here we describe a space mission concept that would place a state-of-the-art optical atomic clock in an eccentric orbit around Earth. A high stability laser link would connect the relative time, range, and velocity of the orbiting spacecraft to earthbound stations. The primary goal for this mission would be to test the gravitational redshift, a classical test of general relativity, with a sensitivity 30 000 times beyond current limits. Additional science objectives include other tests of relativity, enhanced searches for dark matter and drifts in fundamental constants, and establishing a high accuracy international time/geodesic reference.
Electronic control and switching of entangled spin state using anisotropy and exchange in the three-particle paradigm
Authors: Switzer E D , Zhang X-G , Rahman T S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We explore the control and switching of the entangled spin states of multi-spin particle qubit coupled to an electron using a three-particle spin model described by S

i
(i = 1, 2, 3), in which

S

1

=

1

2

is an electron and S
2,3 can have any spin with both exchange coupling and magnetic anisotropy. We derive a general formula for the existence of a switching (DJ) resonance for any spin S
2,3. We further contrast the entanglement switching mechanisms for the

S

2,3

=

1

2

and S
2,3 = 1 spin models. We find that while the onsite magnetic anisotropy in the case of

S

2,3

>

1

2

allows full control of their spin states via interaction with S
1, in order to achieve acceptable control of a Bloch vector within the

S

2,3

=

1

2

model, additional mechanisms, such as anisotropic exchange coupling, are required.
Establishment of reference values for plasma neurofilament light based on healthy individuals aged 5–90 years
Authors: Simrén Joel , Andreasson Ulf , Gobom Johan , Suarez Calvet Marc , Borroni Barbara , Gillberg Christopher , Nyberg Lars , Ghidoni Roberta , Fernell Elisabeth , Johnson Mats , Depypere Herman , Hansson Caroline , Jonsdottir Ingibjörg H , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The recent development of assays that accurately quantify neurofilament light, a neuronal cytoskeleton protein, in plasma has generated a vast literature supporting that it is a sensitive, dynamic, and robust biomarker of neuroaxonal damage. As a result, efforts are now made to introduce plasma neurofilament light into clinical routine practice, making it an easily accessible complement to its cerebrospinal fluid counterpart. An increasing literature supports the use of plasma neurofilament light in differentiating neurodegenerative diseases from their non-neurodegenerative mimics and suggests it is a valuable biomarker for the evaluation of the effect of putative disease-modifying treatments (e.g. in multiple sclerosis). More contexts of use will likely emerge over the coming years. However, to assist clinical interpretation of laboratory test values, it is crucial to establish normal reference intervals. In this study, we sought to derive reliable cut-offs by pooling quantified plasma neurofilament light in neurologically healthy participants (5–90 years) from eight cohorts. A strong relationship between age and plasma neurofilament light prompted us to define the following age-partitioned reference limits (upper 95th percentile in each age category): 5–17 years = 7 pg/mL; 18–50 years = 10 pg/mL; 51–60 years = 15 pg/mL; 61–70 years = 20 pg/mL; 70 + years = 35 pg/mL. The established reference limits across the lifespan will aid the introduction of plasma neurofilament light into clinical routine, and thereby contribute to diagnostics and disease-monitoring in neurological practice.
A multiplex pedigree with pathologically confirmed multiple system atrophy and Parkinson’s disease with dementia
Authors: Fanciulli Alessandra , Leys Fabian , Lehner Fabienne , Sidoroff Victoria , Ruf Viktoria C , Raccagni Cecilia , Mahlknecht Philipp , Kuipers Demy J S , van IJcken Wilfred F J , Stockner Heike , Musacchio Thomas , Volkmann Jens , Monoranu Camelia Maria , Stankovic Iva , Breedveld Guido , Ferraro Federico , Fevga Christina , Windl Otto , Herms Jochen , Kiechl Stefan , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus , Stefanova Nadia , Scholz Sonja W , Bonifati Vincenzo , Wenning Gregor K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Multiple system atrophy is considered a sporadic disease, but neuropathologically confirmed cases with a family history of parkinsonism have been occasionally described. Here we report a North-Bavarian (colloquially, Lion’s tail region) six-generation pedigree, including neuropathologically confirmed multiple system atrophy and Parkinson’s disease with dementia.
Between 2012 and 2020, we examined all living and consenting family members of age and calculated the risk of prodromal Parkinson’s disease in those without overt parkinsonism. The index case and one paternal cousin with Parkinson’s disease with dementia died at follow-up and underwent neuropathological examination. Genetic analysis was performed in both and another family member with Parkinson’s disease. The index case was a female patient with cerebellar variant multiple system atrophy and a positive maternal and paternal family history for Parkinson’s disease and dementia in multiple generations. The families of the index case and her spouse were genealogically related, and one of the spouse's siblings met the criteria for possible prodromal Parkinson’s disease. Neuropathological examination confirmed multiple system atrophy in the index case and advanced Lewy body disease, as well as tau pathology in her cousin. A comprehensive analysis of genes known to cause hereditary forms of parkinsonism or multiple system atrophy lookalikes was unremarkable in the index case and the other two affected family members. Here, we report an extensive European pedigree with multiple system atrophy and Parkinson`s disease suggesting a complex underlying α-synucleinopathy as confirmed on neuropathological examination. The exclusion of known genetic causes of parkinsonism or multiple system atrophy lookalikes suggests that variants in additional, still unknown genes, linked to α-synucleinopathy lesions underlie such neurodegenerative clustering.
Impact of revascularization guided by functional testing in ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ródenas-Alesina Eduard , Romero-Farina Guillermo , Jordán Pablo , Herrador Lorena , Espinet-Coll Carina , Pizzi María Nazarena , Ribera Aida , Barrabés José A , Aguadé-Bruix Santiago , Ferreira-González Ignacio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The burden of ischaemia is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) but is not systematically tested when deciding on revascularization. Limited data exists in patients with ICM regarding the interaction between ischaemia and early coronary revascularization (ECR). This study sought to determine if the burden of ischaemia modifies the outcomes of ECR in ICM.

Methods and results
Consecutive patients with ICM (left ventricular ejection fraction &lt; 40%) with a stress-rest gated single-photon emission computed tomography (N = 747) were followed-up for ECR and major cardiovascular events (MACEs, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or heart failure hospitalization). A 1:1 matched population was selected using a propensity score for ECR. The interaction between ischaemia and ECR was evaluated in the matched cohort. In the initial cohort, 131 patients underwent ECR. Of them, 109 were matched to non-ECR patients. After a median follow up of 4.1 years, 102 (46.8%) patients experienced a MACE. The effect of revascularization on MACE was dependent of the percent of ischaemia (P for the interaction at 10% ischaemia = 0.021), so that a trend towards a decreased risk of MACE was seen in patients with &gt;10% of ischaemia [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.59 (0.30–1.18)], whereas a non-significant increase of MACE was observed in those with &lt;10% ischaemia (HR = 1.67 [0.94–2.96]).

Conclusions
In a contemporary cohort of patients with ICM, the beneficial effects of ECR may be mediated by the percent of ischaemia. This study supports stress testing in ICM and an ischaemia-guided approach for ECR.
Weight Loss in Newly Admitted Nursing Home Residents With Obesity
Authors: Zhang Ning , Field Terry , Mazor Kathleen M , Zhou Yanhua , Gurwitz Jerry H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The prevalence of obesity (body mass index ≥ 30) among nursing home residents has been increasing, but there has been little research on weight change in this population. We examined resident characteristics associated with substantial weight loss among nursing home residents with obesity.

Methods
Using data from the Minimum Data Set 3.0, this retrospective study included long-stay nursing home residents with obesity newly admitted to a facility in 2014 who had annual assessments in 2015. Substantial weight loss was defined as a loss of ≥10% body weight within a year. Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with weight loss, including demographic characteristics, medical conditions, and functional limitations in activities of daily living (ADL).

Results
Among 59782 newly admitted nursing home residents with obesity, 23% experienced substantial weight loss during their first year in the nursing home. Moderate ADL dependency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31–1.53), severe ADL dependency (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.67–1.99), severe mobility impairment (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04–1.23), and severe cognitive impairment (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07–1.19), as well as cancer (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01–1.20), heart failure (OR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.11), end-stage renal disease (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.11–1.23), and bowel incontinence (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.14–1.25) were associated with weight loss.

Conclusion
Substantial weight loss is common among nursing home residents with obesity over a 1-year period following admission, and these residents have a greater burden of functional and cognitive impairment and specific medical conditions. These findings suggest the need to further elucidate the clinical implications of weight loss among this population.
A new cryptic species of Inachus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Inachidae) from European waters and an updated identification key to the species of Inachus with two protogastric tubercles
Authors: García-Raso José E , González-Ortegón Enrique , Palero Ferran , Cuesta Jose A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Integrative taxonomy studies have allowed us to clarify some taxonomic problems in cryptic species within species of InachusWeber, 1795 with two protogastric tubercles found in European waters. Several morphotypes of Inachus phalangium (Fabricius, 1775) are recognized, and a new species is described from the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, for which distribution data are provided. Furthermore, two Inachus cf. thoracicus specimens with a unique sternal morphology were collected from Málaga Spain, but their preservation in formaldehyde prevented molecular analyses. Specimens of I. guentheri (Miers, 1879) have been re-examined and the validity of previous reports from tropical and subtropical Atlantic waters is discussed. These results allow us to separate and clarify the status of species within this group. An identification key for Inachus species with two protogastric tubercles is also provided.
Repair of gluteus medius tears with bioinductive collagen patch augmentation: initial evaluation of safety and imaging
Authors: Day Molly A , Hancock Kyle J , Selley Ryan S , Swartwout Erica L , Dooley Matthew , Shamrock Alan G , Nwachukwu Benedict U , Greditzer Harry G , Ranawat Anil S 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to perform an initial, prospective evaluation of imaging findings and outcomes after open surgical repair of gluteus medius tendon tears with bioinductive collagen patch augmentation. A prospective study was performed of patients with clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of symptomatic gluteus medius tears who underwent open, double-row suture anchor repair with bioinductive bovine collagen patch augmentation. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative MRIs were reviewed by a fellowship-trained musculoskeletal radiologist, and outcome scores were recorded preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively [Hip Outcome Score (HOS) Sport; HOS Activities of Daily Living (HOS ADL); Modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and International Hip Outcomes Tool (iHOT-33)]. Nine patients, four high-grade tears (≥50% tendon thickness) and five low-grade tears (&lt;50% thickness) underwent surgical repair. At 6 months, 7/9 (77.8%) of tendons were qualitatively classified as completely healed on MRI, with no complications. Mean tendon thickness increased significantly: mediolateral dimension by 5.8 mm (P &lt; 0.001), anteroposterior dimension by 4.1 mm (P = 0.02) and cross-sectional area (CSA) by 48.4 mm2 (P = 0.001). Gluteus medius and minimus CSA did not change significantly (P &gt; 0.05). Patients demonstrated improvements in mean scores for HOS ADL, mHHS and iHOT that met defined minimum clinically important differences (P &lt; 0.05). Open surgical repair of gluteus medius tendon tears with bioinductive collagen patch augmentation is safe and associated with increased tendon thickness on postoperative MRI. Early outcome scores are encouraging and should be evaluated after patients have completed postoperative rehabilitation to measure the whole effect of treatment.