bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast and Stable Organic Single‐Crystal Vertical Phototransistor for Self‐Powered Photodetection and High‐Speed Imaging
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Qin Shuchao , Du Qianqian , Gan Yuquan , Zhao Jing , Li Mengru , Zheng Xialian , Wang Anran , Liu Yunlong , Li Shuhong , Dong Ruixin , Nie Zhonghui , Liu Cailong , Wang Wenjun , Wang Fengqiu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganic semiconductor crystals herald new opportunities for fabricating high‐performance optoelectronic devices, due to their intrinsic properties including outstanding charge transport properties, long exciton lifetime, and diffusion length. Despite remarkable progress in key figures of merit, the cut‐off frequency and responsivity are still lagging behind for most currently reported organic devices. Here, a high‐performance broadband vertical phototransistor based on rubrene single crystal, whose response covers the UV to visible range (300–650 nm) is reported. It shows a record‐high −3 dB bandwidth of ≈18 kHz and a maximum photoresponsivity of 105 A W−1. Due to the asymmetric Schottky contact and excellent light absorption of organic crystal, the device exhibits excellent zero‐bias photoresponse even under ultralow light illumination (≈114 fW). In particular, such organic vertical phototransistor holds good air stability and environmental robustness, and even without any form of encapsulation, no degradation of performance is observed for 2 months continuous operating. In addition, several single‐pixel imaging to show its potential for practical applications are demonstrated. The results provide a promising strategy to fabricate ultrafast and sensitive organic photodetectors for future video‐frame‐rate imaging.
Intercropping chickpea–flax for yield and disease management
Authors: Zhou Yi , Chen Chengci , Franck William L. , Khan Qasim , Franck Sooyoung , Crutcher Frankie K. , McVay Kent , McPhee Kevin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAscochyta
blight (caused by Ascochyta rabiei) is a primary concern of chickpea production worldwide. Intercropping chickpea with a non‐host crop has the potential to suppress this disease and improve resource use efficiency for enhanced crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of seeding rate and row configuration of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)–flax (Linum usitatissimum L) intercropping on (1) yield and seed quality, (2) disease incidence and severity of Ascochyta blight of chickpea, and (3) land productivity of this intercropping system. Field trials were conducted at the Eastern Agricultural Research Center, Sidney, MT, and the Southern Agricultural Research Center, Huntley, MT, in 2020 and 2021. Chickpea was planted with flax in four intercropping configurations (70% chickpea–30% flax in mixed rows, 50% chickpea–50% flax in alternate rows, 50% chickpea–50% flax in mixed rows, and 30% chickpea–70% flax in mixed rows). Chickpea yield decreased with increased flax proportion in the mixed rows intercrop. Flax displayed higher competitiveness than chickpea, resulting in decreased yield and protein concentration in chickpea but increased yield and protein content in flax. Land equivalent ratio of intercropping was greater than one, showing improved land productivity (2%–23% greater than monocropping). Intercropping reduced Ascochyta blight disease incidence and severity; the 50% chickpea–50% flax and 30% chickpea–70% flax intercropping configurations could reduce the disease severity to 50% (in Huntley) and 67% (in Sidney) of that in the monocropping. These results indicated that seed ratio and planting configurations of chickpea–flax intercropping may be manipulated to increase land use efficiency and reduce Ascochyta blight in chickpea. Canadian Development Center ‘CDC Leader’ yielded greater than Royal in the higher disease pressure environment in Huntley indicated that selection of disease resistant cultivars is important for managing Ascochyta blight in chickpea.
Three Tiers to biological escape velocity: The quest to outwit aging
Authors: Palmer Raymond D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs longevity companies emerge with new products and the fields of anti‐aging research develop new cutting‐edge therapies, three distinct classes of longevity methodologies emerge. This discussion finds that there are three clear classes (Tiers) of longevity systems that are currently under development, and all three will be paramount to achieve biological escape velocity (where tissues can be repaired faster than aging can damage them). These classes are referred to as Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 treatments and are described in detail below. These three Tiers are required for easy identification for pharmaceutical companies and research companies to determine the type of therapy they may choose to deliver being noninvasive, invasive, time consuming, or simple end user products. Specific targets and goals need to be defined clearly from an early perspective in the development of these technologies for future precision medicines. This allows consumers of future anti‐aging technologies to consider which Tier a particular therapy may be, delivering a more informed choice.
Illusory Responses across the Lewy Body Disease Spectrum
Authors: Shahid Marian , Rawls Ashley , Ramirez Veronica , Ryman Sephira , Santini Veronica E. , Yang Laurice , Sha Sharon J. , Hall Jacob N. , Montine Thomas J. , Lin Amy , Tian Lu , Henderson Victor W. , Cholerton Brenna , Yutsis Maya , Poston Kathleen L. 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to study pareidolias, or perceived meaningful objects in a meaningless stimulus, in patients across the Lewy body (LB) disease spectrum, where most do not report hallucinations or delusions.MethodsWe studied illusory responses on the Noise Pareidolia Task in 300 participants (38 cognitively impaired LB, 65 cognitively unimpaired LB, 51 Alzheimer disease spectrum [AD‐s], 146 controls). Pairwise between‐group comparisons examined how diagnosis impacts the number of illusory responses. Ordinal regression analysis compared the number of illusory responses across diagnosis groups, adjusting for age, sex, and education. Analyses were repeated after removing participants with reported hallucinations or delusions.ResultsCognitively impaired LB participants were 12.3, 4.9, and 4.6 times more likely than control, cognitively unimpaired LB, and AD‐s participants, respectively, to endorse illusory responses. After adjusting for age, sex, and education, the probability of endorsing 1 or more illusory responses was 61% in the cognitively impaired LB group, compared to 26% in AD‐s, 25% in cognitively unimpaired LB, and 12% in control participants. All results were similar after repeated analysis only in participants without hallucinations or delusions. In LB without hallucinations or delusions, 52% with mild cognitive impairment and 66.7% with dementia endorsed at least 1 illusory response.InterpretationWe found illusory responses are common in cognitively impaired LB patients, including those without any reported psychosis. Our data suggest that, prior to the onset of hallucinations and delusions, the Noise Pareidolia Task can easily be used to screen for unobtrusive pareidolias in all LB patients. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:702–714
Arterial circle of the brain in the common wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus)
Authors: Zdun Maciej , Melnyk Oleksii O. , Ruszkowski Jakub J. , Hetman Mateusz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this study was to analyze the arterial circle of the brain and rostral epidural rete mirabile in specimens of the common wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus). The arterial circle of the brain is a circulatory anastomosis that supplies blood to particular lobes of the brain and surrounding structures. The study was conducted on male and female adults (n = 12) by bilateral injection of an acetone solution of vinyl superchloride or latex LBS3060, which resulted in a cast of arteries of the head and encephalic base. We describe the exact structure of the arterial circle of the brain and rostral epidural rete mirabile. The shape of the arterial circle of the brain in the common wildebeest is heart‐shaped, as in other Bovidae. It is formed by bilateral rostral cerebral arteries, caudal communicating arteries, and the basilar artery, with a general pattern of vessels forming and branching off from the arterial circle of the brain, as described in other ruminants. The rostral cerebral and caudal communicating arteries emerge from an intracranial segment of the internal carotid artery, which in turn arises from vessels of the rostral epidural rete mirabile. This structure, well developed in the examined individuals, has mechanisms underlying selective cooling of the brain, protecting animals from hyperthermia, and affecting body water balance.
Recent Progress of Organic Semiconductor Materials in Spintronics
Authors: Zhu Yanuo , Jiang Qinglin , Zhang Jiang , Ma Yuguang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpintronics, a new discipline focusing on the spin‐dependent transport process of electrons, has been developing rapidly. Spin valves are the most significant carriers of spintronics utilizing the spin freedom of electrons. It is expected to pierce “Moore's Law” and become the core component in processors of the next generation. Organic semiconductors advance in their adjustable band gap, weak spin‐orbit coupling and hyperfine interaction, excellent film‐forming property, having enormous promise for spin valves. Here, the principle of spin valves is introduced, and the history and progress in organic spin injection and transport materials are summarized. Then we analyze the influence of spinterface on device performance and introduce reliable methods of constructing organic spin valves. Finally, the challenges for spin valves are discussed, and the future is proposed. We aim to draw the attention of researchers to organic spin valves and promote further research in spintronics through this paper.
Yoga‐integrated psychotherapy for emotion dysregulation: A pilot study
Authors: Childs‐Fegredo Jasmine , Fontana Elisa , Moran Mary , Faulkner Paul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAims & ObjectivesYoga has been evidenced as beneficial for physical and mental health. This study sought to pilot the acceptability and feasibility of a yoga‐integrated psychotherapy (YiP) intervention, aimed at alleviating difficulties in emotion regulation. A further aim was to explore the perceived effectiveness of YiP in alleviating depression, anxiety and improving well‐being.MethodsSeven participants who scored significantly on the Difficulties in Emotion Dysregulation Scale (DERS) took part in a psychological assessment session followed by six weekly one hr therapy sessions. Participants completed self‐report measures in each session to quantify the effects of each YiP session on emotion regulation, well‐being, depression and anxiety. Following seven sessions, five participants completed qualitative follow‐up interviews to explore subjective experiences of YiP and any perceived impacts.FindingsAn ANOVA that contained data from seven participants who completed all six sessions revealed that DERS scores were significantly lower, and well‐being scores were significantly higher, at both mid and end‐points than at baseline. Thematic analysis of qualitative interviews identified five themes: “YiP assists the client's psychological and emotional processing,” “YiP improves insight and focus,” “YiP is culturally sensitive,” “the body facilitates regulation and resilience” and “YiP is acceptable & impactful.”ConclusionThe study presents promising findings for the integration of yoga into psychotherapeutic practice and indicates that YiP may have beneficial effects on emotion regulation and psychological well‐being. Future research should use randomised controlled methodologies to examine the ability of YiP to alleviate a wide range of affective symptoms using a larger sample of participants.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Evaluation ofO‐Methylated Emodacidamides: Starting from Parietin, a Secondary Metabolite of LichenXanthoria parietina
Authors: Avan İlker , Akbulut Volkan Mustafa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolyhydroxy‐anthraquinones bearing amino acids are found rather seldom in nature. Emodacidamides, isolated from a marine‐derived fungus,Penicilliumsp. SCSIO sof101 by Luo et al. (2017) are the first natural example of amino acid conjugated anthraquinone. In this study,O‐methylated emodacidamides and emodinic acid‐anilides were synthesized starting from parietin, extracted from the lichenXanthoria parietina(L.) Th. Fr. The structural elucidations of prepared compounds were confirmed by 1D and 2D NMR analyses including HSQC and HMBC techniques. In addition, all newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for the antioxidant activities with free radical 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging. The synthesized compounds showed low to moderate antioxidant and DPPH scavenging activities. The antioxidant activities were supported within quantum chemical calculations using the DFT−B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. It is observed that the antioxidant activity of emodacidamides mostly depends on the phenolic groups on anthraquinone ring. The phenolic groups on other substituents help to improve antioxidant activity and also the position of hydroxy group is a decisive factor for antioxidant ability.
Colorimetric Determination of Adenylation Domain Activity in Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetases by Using Chrome Azurol S
Authors: Kahlert Lukas , Lichstrahl Michael S. , Townsend Craig A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdenylation domains are the main contributor to structural complexity among nonribosomal peptides due to their varied but stringent substrate selection. Several in vitro assays to determine the substrate specificity of these dedicated biocatalysts have been implemented, but high sensitivity is often accompanied by the cost of laborious procedures, expensive reagents or the requirement for auxiliary enzymes. Here, we describe a simple protocol that is based on the removal of ferric iron from a preformed chromogenic complex between ferric iron and Chrome Azurol S. Adenylation activity can be rapidly followed by a decrease in absorbance at 630 nm, visualized by a prominent color change from blue to orange.
Rescue right ventricular outflow tract stenting for refractory hypoxic spells
Authors: Sasikumar Navaneetha , Mohanty Satish , Balaji Seshadri , Kumar Raman Krishna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile right ventricular outflow tract stenting (RVOTS) has become an acceptable alternative to palliative surgery in Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and similar physiologies, its utility for relief of refractory hypoxic spells is unclear.MethodsPatients who underwent RVOTS for emergency relief of refractory hypoxic spells were identified. Specific modifications to enable expeditious RVOTS included use of stent delivery systems (guiding catheter or long sheath) upfront to minimize catheter exchanges; using coronary wires to cross RVOT initially; stabilizing the catheter with a wire in the aorta while crossing RVOT with a second wire.ResultsFrom 2015 to 2022, 11 patients underwent RVOTS for hypoxic spells refractory to medical management. Their median age was 27 days (IQR 8.5–442.5); weight 3.27 kg (2.7–8.96); 9 males. Median pulmonary annulus Z score was −4.13 (IQR−4.85 to −0.86). Thirteen stents with median diameter 5 (4–6.5) mm and length 19 (16–19.75) mm were implanted, fluoroscopy time:13.6 (11–26.3) min; procedure time (60, 30–70 min). All were ventilated. Oxygen saturations improved from 45% (40–60) to 90% (84–92); (p < 0.0001) with no major complications. Postprocedure ventilation was needed for 21 (20–49) hours and 4 required diuretic infusion for pulmonary over‐circulation. Four needed re‐stenting 13 days to 5 months later. At median follow‐up of 7 (4–17) months; 2 died from unrelated causes, 3 underwent surgery (two correction and one aorto‐pulmonary shunt) and 6 await surgery.ConclusionRVOTS enables safe, expeditious and effective short‐term palliation for refractory hypoxic spells. Specific technical modifications facilitate safety, ease and swiftness.
Self‐Healable, Malleable, Ecofriendly Recyclable and Robust Polyimine Thermosets Derived from Trifluoromethyl Diphenoxybenzene Backbones
Authors: Yu Ping , Wang Haiyue , Wang Yi , Liu Dapeng , Xin Yumeng , Li Ruiguang , Jia Xuemeng , Liu Lin , Zhang Dongen , Wang Chunyu , Zhao Jun , Zhang Zhaoming , Yan Xuzhou 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDynamic covalent chemistry opens up great opportunities for a sustainable society by producing reprocessable networks of polymers and even thermosets. However, achieving the closed‐loop recycling of polymers with high performance remains a grand challenge. The introduction of aromatic monomers and fluorine into covalent adaptable networks is an attractive method to tackle this challenge. Therefore, we present a facile and universal strategy to focus on the design and applications of polyimine vitrimers containing trifluoromethyl diphenoxybenzene backbones in applications of dynamic covalent polymers. In this study, fluorine‐containing polyimine vitrimer networks (FPIVs) were fabricated, and the results revealed that the FPIVs not only exhibited good self‐healability, malleability and processability without the aid of any catalyst, but also possessed decent mechanical strength, superior toughness and thermal stability. We hope that this work could provide a novel pathway for the design of high‐performance polyimine vitrimers by recycling of plastic wastes.
A Versatile Step‐Growth Polymerization Route to Functional Polyesters from an Activated Diester Monomer
Authors: Biswas Subhendu , Das Anindita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work describes a versatile and efficient condensation polymerization route to aliphatic polyesters by organo‐catalyzed (4‐dimethylaminopyridine) transesterification reactions between an activated pentafluorophenyl‐diester of adipic acid and structurally different diols. By introducing “monofunctional impurity” or “stoichiometric imbalance,” this methodology can afford well‐defined end‐functionalized polyesters with predictable molecular weights and narrow dispersity under mild conditions without any necessity for the removal of the byproducts to accelerate the polymerization reaction, which remains a major challenge in conventional polyester synthesis with non‐activated diesters. Wide substrate scope with structurally different monomers and the synthesis of block copolymers by chain extension following either ring‐opening polymerization or controlled radical polymerization have been successfully demonstrated. Some of the polyesters synthesized by this newly introduced approach show high thermal stability, crystallinity, and enzymatic degradation in aqueous environments.
Computational analysis of effects of clot length on Acute ischemic stroke recanalization under different cyclic aspiration loading conditions
Authors: Patki Priyanka , Simon Scott , Manning Keefe B. , Costanzo Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcute ischemic stroke, the second leading cause of death worldwide, results from occlusion of a cerebral artery by a blood clot. Application of cyclic aspiration using an aspiration catheter is a current therapy for the removal of lodged clots. In this study, we perform finite element simulations to analyze deformation of long clots, having length to radius ratio of 2–10, which corresponds to clot‐length of 2.85–14.25 mm, under peak‐to‐peak cyclic aspiration pressures of 10–50 mmHg, and frequencies of 0.5, 1, and 2 Hz. Our computational system comprises of a nonlinear viscoelastic solid clot, a hyperelastic artery, and a nonlinear viscoelastic cohesive zone, the latter modeling the clot–artery interface. We observe that clots having length‐to‐radius ratio approximately greater than two separate from the inner arterial surface somewhere between the axial and distal ends, irrespective of the cyclic aspiration loading conditions. The stress distribution within the clot shows large tensile stresses in the clot interior, indicating the possibility of simultaneous fragmentation of the clot. Thus, this study shows us the various failure mechanisms simultaneously present in the clot during cyclic aspiration. Similarly, the stress distribution within the artery implies a possibility of endothelial damage to the arterial wall near the end where the aspiration pressure is applied. This framework provides a foundation for further investigation to clot fracture and adhesion characterization.
A simple and efficient adaptive time stepping technique for low‐order operator splitting schemes applied to cardiac electrophysiology
Authors: Ogiermann Dennis , Perotti Luigi E. , Balzani Daniel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a simple, yet efficient adaptive time stepping scheme for cardiac electrophysiology (EP) simulations based on standard operator splitting techniques. The general idea is to exploit the relation between the splitting error and the reaction's magnitude—found in a previous one‐dimensional analytical study by Spiteri and Ziaratgahi—to construct the new time step controller for three‐dimensional problems. Accordingly, we propose to control the time step length of the operator splitting scheme as a function of the reaction magnitude, in addition to the common approach of adapting the reaction time step. This conforms with observations in numerical experiments supporting the need for a significantly smaller time step length during depolarization than during repolarization. The proposed scheme is compared with classical proportional–integral–differential controllers using state‐of‐the‐art error estimators, which are also presented in details as they have not been previously applied in the context of cardiac EP with operator splitting techniques. Benchmarks show that choosing the time step as a sigmoidal function of the reaction magnitude is highly efficient and full cardiac cycles can be computed with precision even in a realistic biventricular setup. The proposed scheme outperforms common adaptive time stepping techniques, while depending on fewer tuning parameters.
A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature on personal recovery and voice hearing
Authors: Hall Bradley , Terry Rachel , Hayward Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPersonal recovery literature has been influential in the conceptualization of emotional distress and service provision. While personal recovery in psychosis has been well‐studied, voice hearing literature has not been reviewed to elucidate recovery processes.MethodFive databases were systematically searched to identify relevant qualitative recovery literature. Twelve eligible studies were included in this review, and an appraisal tool was applied to assess quality. Thematic synthesis was used to examine the results.ResultsThree superordinate themes were found relating to ‘Recovery Phases’, ‘Recovery Facilitators’ and ‘Barriers to Recovery’. Papers included descriptions of finding voices distressing initially yet moving towards integrating and accepting voices. Searching for meaning versus seeking distance from voices were pivotal processes to recovery pathways. Enabling and disrupting recovery experiences are discussed within a proposed model.ConclusionsRecovery in voice hearing is an individual and potentially ongoing process. Future research should seek to examine recovery factors in voice hearing longitudinally and add further evidence to the supportive role services can play in recovery and voice hearing.