bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Brain Imaging Using a Silent Spatial Encoding Axis
Authors: Versteeg Edwin , Klomp Dennis W. J. , Siero Jeroen C. W. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo characterize the acceleration capabilities of a silent head insert gradient axis that operates at the inaudible frequency of 20 kHz and a maximum gradient amplitude of 40 mT/m without inducing peripheral nerve stimulation.MethodsThe silent gradient axis' acquisitions feature an oscillating gradient in the phase‐encoding direction that is played out on top of a cartesian readout, similarly as done in Wave‐CAIPI. The additional spatial encoding fills k‐space in readout lanes allowing for the acquisition of fewer phase‐encoding steps without increasing aliasing artifacts. Fully sampled 2D gradient echo datasets were acquired both with and without the silent readout. All scans were retrospectively undersampled (acceleration factors R = 1 to 12) to compare conventional SENSE acceleration and acceleration using the silent gradient. The silent gradient amplitude and the readout bandwidth were varied to investigate the effect on artifacts and g‐factor.ResultsThe silent readout reduced the g‐factor for all acceleration factors when compared to SENSE acceleration. Increasing the silent gradient amplitude from 31.5 mT/m to 40 mT/m at an acceleration factor of 10 yielded a reduction in the average g‐factor (gavg) from 1.3 ± 0.14 (gmax = 1.9) to 1.1 ± 0.09 (gmax = 1.6). Furthermore, reducing the number of cycles increased the readout bandwidth and the g‐factor that reached gavg = 1.5 ± 0.16 for a readout bandwidth of 651 Hz/pixel and an acceleration factor of R = 8.ConclusionA silent gradient axis enables high acceleration factors up to R = 10 while maintaining a g‐factor close to unity (gavg = 1.1 and gmax = 1.6) and can be acquired with clinically relevant readout bandwidths.
Automated detection of vascular remodeling in tumor‐draining lymph nodes by the deep‐learning tool HEV‐finder
Authors: Bekkhus Tove , Avenel Christophe , Hanna Sabella , Franzén Boger Mathias , Klemm Anna , Bacovia Daniel Vasiliu , Wärnberg Fredrik , Wählby Carolina , Ulvmar Maria H 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVascular remodeling is common in human cancer and has potential as future biomarkers for prediction of disease progression and tumor immunity status. It can also affect metastatic sites, including the tumor‐draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). Dilation of the high endothelial venules (HEVs) within TDLNs has been observed in several types of cancer. We recently demonstrated that it is a premetastatic effect that can be linked to tumor invasiveness in breast cancer. Manual visual assessment of changes in vascular morphology is a tedious and difficult task, limiting high‐throughput analysis. Here we present a fully automated approach for detection and classification of HEV dilation. By using 12,524 manually classified HEVs, we trained a deep‐learning model and created a graphical user interface for visualization of the results. The tool, named the HEV‐finder, selectively analyses HEV dilation in specific regions of the lymph nodes. We evaluated the HEV‐finder's ability to detect and classify HEV dilation in different types of breast cancer compared to manual annotations. Our results constitute a successful example of large‐scale, fully automated, and user‐independent, image‐based quantitative assessment of vascular remodeling in human pathology and lay the ground for future exploration of HEV dilation in TDLNs as a biomarker. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Recognition of monocarboxylic acids by imidazole‐containing receptors
Authors: Prajapati Sunita , Sinha Puspita , Suryavanshi Kishor Kumar , Jana Subrata 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe recognition of different monocarboxylic acids by a group of substituted imidazoles containing pyridyl moiety has been studied. This work highlights the substituent effects as well as the position of “nitrogen” in the attached pyridine moiety of the hosts during the recognition process. The strongest recognition ability is observed if the receptor contains the 2‐pyridyl moiety. The binding ability is weak for the imidazoles with a 3‐pyridyl unit, and it is close to the phenyl‐substituted imidazoles. The size of the monocarboxylic acids also plays a crucial role in the formation of the host–guest complexes. In all the cases, host and guest bind in 2:1 mode of complexation. This type of interaction is due to the angular supramolecular arrangement of two host molecules generating a cavity to bind the carboxylic acid through three‐ or four‐point hydrogen bonding. The phenyl substituents at the imidazole also slightly enhance the association of hosts and guests. The 1H NMR studies clearly demonstrate a host–guest interaction without any proton transfer in a neutral organic medium.
Evaluation of novel 3D-printed and conventional thermoplastic stereotactic high-precision patient fixation masks for radiotherapy
Authors: Miron Veronika M. , Etzelstorfer Tanja , Kleiser Raimund , Raffelsberger Tobias , Major Zoltan , Geinitz Hans 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
For stereotactic radiation therapy of intracranial malignancies, a patient’s head needs to be immobilized with high accuracy. Fixation devices such as invasive stereotactic head frames or non-invasive thermoplastic mask systems are often used. However, especially stereotactic high-precision masks often cause discomfort for patients due to a long manufacturing time during which the patient is required to lie still and because the face is covered, including the mouth, nose, eyes, and ears. To avoid these issues, the target was to develop a non-invasive 3D-printable mask system with at least the accuracy of the high-precision masks, for producing masks which can be manufactured in the absence of patients and which allow the eyes, mouth, and nose to be uncovered during therapy.

Methods
For four volunteers, a personalized 3D-printed mask based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data was designed and manufactured using fused filament fabrication (FFF). Additionally, for each of the volunteers, a conventional thermoplastic stereotactic high-precision mask from Brainlab AG (Munich, Germany) was fabricated. The intra-fractional fixation accuracy for each mask and volunteer was evaluated using the motion-correction algorithm of functional MRI measurements with and without guided motion.

Results
The average values for the translations and rotations of the volunteers’ heads lie in the range between ±1 mm and ±1° for both masks. Interestingly, the standard deviations and the relative and absolute 3D displacements are lower for the 3D-printed masks compared to the Brainlab masks.

Conclusion
It could be shown that the intra-fractional fixation accuracy of the 3D-printed masks was higher than for the conventional stereotactic high-precision masks.
Prevalence of coronary calcification on preoperative computed tomography and its management in thoracic surgery
Authors: Machino Ryusuke , Shimoyama Koichiro , Oku Koji , Yamasaki Kazumi , Tagawa Tsutomu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We investigated the preoperative assessment of coronary artery calcification using computed tomography for appropriate intraoperative management to reduce the risk of perioperative cardiac complications during pulmonary resection.

Methods
Patients (n = 665) who underwent anatomical lung resection were examined. The extent of preoperative asymptomatic coronary artery stenosis or cardiac complications in patients with coronary artery calcification was assessed. In addition, the risk factors for perioperative cardiac complications were determined.

Results
Coronary artery calcification was detected in 233 (35.0%) asymptomatic patients. Nineteen (8.2%) patients with coronary artery calcification had coronary artery stenosis ≥ 75%. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed preoperatively (n = 3) and postoperatively (n = 10), and preoperative drug intervention was performed in 10 cases. One case of severe postoperative cardiac complications and 20 cases of mild postoperative cardiac complications, including those without coronary artery calcification, occurred. Patients with calcified coronary arteries were at risk of cardiovascular complications in the perioperative period. However, patients with coronary artery calcification who underwent preoperative cardiology intervention had no significant perioperative cardiovascular complications.

Conclusions
Coronary artery calcification detected on preoperative computed tomography is a risk factor for perioperative cardiovascular complications. Early intervention may reduce the risk of such complications.
Development of a nanocopper-decorated laser-scribed sensor for organophosphorus pesticide monitoring in aqueous samples
Authors: Bahamon-Pinzon David , Moreira Geisianny , Obare Sherine , Vanegas Diana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract Organophosphorus pesticides are widely used in industrial agriculture and have been associated with water pollution and negative impacts on local ecosystems and communities. There is a need for testing technologies to detect the presence of pesticide residues in water sources, especially in developing countries where access to standard laboratory methods is cost prohibitive. Herein, we outline the development of a facile electrochemical sensor for amperometric determination of organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples. A three-electrode system was fabricated via UV laser-inscribing on a polyimide film. The working electrode was functionalized with copper nanoparticles with affinity toward organophosphate compounds. The sensor showed a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.42 ± 1.69 µM for glyphosate, 7.28 ± 1.20 µM for glufosinate, and 17.78 ± 7.68 µM for aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). Sensitivity was highest for glyphosate (145.52 ± 36.73 nA⋅µM−1⋅cm−2) followed by glufosinate (56.98 ± 10.87 nA⋅µM−1⋅cm−2), and AMPA (30.92 ± 8.51 nA⋅µM−1⋅cm−2). The response of the sensor is not significantly affected by the presence of several ions and organic molecules commonly present in natural water samples. The developed sensor shows promising potential for facilitating environmental monitoring of organophosphorus pesticide residues, which is a current need in several parts of the world.Graphical Abstract
Online teaching and copyright from the European Union perspective in COVID times
Authors: Maza Sebastián López 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTeaching may involve the use of copyrighted works. It is very important that teachers and professors know two things: (1) what kind of contents they can use in their classes; (2) what are the necessary requirements for using them to avoid infringements of copyright. In this time of pandemic, where online teaching is a big focus in universities, high schools and schools, this knowledge is essential because, despite the alarm generated by COVID-19, copyright is still fully in force. However, copyright is not absolute, as the legislator has provided some limitations or exceptions to these rights. In these cases, it is not necessary to request the consent of the authors and other copyright holders, but the works and subject matters can be used provided that certain requirements are met. In the field of education and teaching, three limitations are applied in particular: (a) private copying; (b) quotation; (c) illustration for teaching.
Modelling and thermodynamic properties of pure CO2 and flue gas sorption data on South African coals using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and extended Langmuir isotherm models
Authors: Mabuza Major , Premlall Kasturie , Daramola Michael O. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCarbon sequestration in unmineable coal seams has been proposed as one of the most attractive technologies to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in which CO2is stored in the microporous structure of the coal matrix in an adsorbed state. The CO2adsorption process is hence considered one of the more effective methodologies in environmental sciences. Thus, adsorption isotherm measurements and modelling are key important scientific measures required in understanding the adsorption system, mechanism, and process optimization in coalbeds. In this paper, three renowned and reliable adsorption isotherm models were employed including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin for pure CO2adsorption data, and the extended-Langmuir model for multicomponent, such as flue gas mixture-adsorption data as investigated in this research work. Also, significant thermodynamics properties including the standard enthalpy change ($$\Delta H^\circ$$ΔH∘), entropy change ($$\Delta S^\circ$$ΔS∘), and Gibbs free energy ($$\Delta G^\circ$$ΔG∘) were assessed using the van’t Hoff equation. The statistical evaluation of the goodness-of-fit was done using three (3) statistical data analysis methods including correlation coefficient (R2), standard deviation (σ), and standard error (SE). The Langmuir isotherm model accurately represent the pure CO2adsorption on the coals than Freundlich and Temkin. The extended Langmuir gives best experimental data fit for the flue gas. The thermodynamic evaluations revealed that CO2adsorption on the South African coals is feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic; and the adsorption mechanism is a combined physical and chemical interaction between the adsorbate and the adsorbent.
Myth-Making: On-going Impacts of Historical Education Policy on Beliefs About Māori in Education
Authors: Hetaraka Maia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe history of educational policy-making in Aotearoa New Zealand is also a history in myth-making. Myths about Māori in education are deeply embedded in educational and social thought, because they have their origins in the first political interactions between Māori and Pākeha. These interactions were motivated by contradicting forces—Māori determination to participate in the changing economic and technological landscape, contrasted against British perceptions of their own cultural superiority and inherent right to rule indigenous populations. British superiority was enshrined in aggressive and racist laws that disenfranchised and dispossessed Māori of lands, resources, economies, and attempted to de-culturalise Māori. Laws were in turn translated to policy and practice that reinforced deep seeded myths that have negatively positioned Māori socially, politically and educationally. As Aotearoa New Zealand education progresses toward a commitment to teach our dual and difficult histories, it is necessary to also expose and analyse the ways negative positioning of Māori has been purposefully built into our education system. Understanding how political histories have influenced our education system may better equip education professionals to identify and question their own conscious and unconscious biases, and to challenge and change a system that has its origins racist philosophy, reinforced by policy. Education professionals who are able to deconstruct carefully fortified, damaging myth-making about Māori will be well positioned to lead authentic movement toward a shared future.
Determination and Imaging of Small Biomolecules and Ions Using Ruthenium(II) Complex-Based Chemosensors
Authors: Wu Miaomiao , Zhang Zexi , Yong Jiaxi , Schenk Peer M. , Tian Dihua , Xu Zhi Ping , Zhang Run 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLuminescence chemosensors are one of the most useful tools for the determination and imaging of small biomolecules and ions in situ in real time. Based on the unique photo-physical/-chemical properties of ruthenium(II) (Ru(II)) complexes, the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors has attracted increasing attention in recent years, and thus many Ru(II) complexes have been designed and synthesized for the detection of ions and small biomolecules in biological and environmental samples. In this work, we summarize the research advances in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors for the determination of ions and small biomolecules, including anions, metal ions, reactive biomolecules and amino acids, with a particular focus on binding/reaction-based chemosensors for the investigation of intracellular analytes’ evolution through luminescence analysis and imaging. The advances, challenges and future research directions in the development of Ru(II) complex-based chemosensors are also discussed.
Resilient Robot Teams: a Review Integrating Decentralised Control, Change-Detection, and Learning
Authors: Bossens David M. , Ramchurn Sarvapali , Tarapore Danesh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis paper reviews opportunities and challenges for decentralised control, change-detection, and learning in the context of resilient robot teams.Recent FindingsExogenous fault-detection methods can provide a generic detection or a specific diagnosis with a recovery solution. Robot teams can perform active and distributed sensing for detecting changes in the environment, including identifying and tracking dynamic anomalies, as well as collaboratively mapping dynamic environments. Resilient methods for decentralised control have been developed in learning perception-action-communication loops, multi-agent reinforcement learning, embodied evolution, offline evolution with online adaptation, explicit task allocation, and stigmergy in swarm robotics.SummaryRemaining challenges for resilient robot teams are integrating change-detection and trial-and-error learning methods, obtaining reliable performance evaluations under constrained evaluation time, improving the safety of resilient robot teams, theoretical results demonstrating rapid adaptation to given environmental perturbations, and designing realistic and compelling case studies.
Sub-tree counts on hyperbolic random geometric graphs
Authors: Owada Takashi , Yogeshwaran D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe hyperbolic random geometric graph was introduced by Krioukov et al. (Phys. Rev. E82, 2010). Among many equivalent models for the hyperbolic space, we study the d-dimensional Poincaré ball (
$d\ge 2$
), with a general connectivity radius. While many phase transitions are known for the expectation asymptotics of certain subgraph counts, very little is known about the second-order results. Two of the distinguishing characteristics of geometric graphs on the hyperbolic space are the presence of tree-like hierarchical structures and the power-law behaviour of the degree distribution. We aim to reveal such characteristics in detail by investigating the behaviour of sub-tree counts. We show multiple phase transitions for expectation and variance in the resulting hyperbolic geometric graph. In particular, the expectation and variance of the sub-tree counts exhibit an intricate dependence on the degree sequence of the tree under consideration. Additionally, unlike the thermodynamic regime of the Euclidean random geometric graph, the expectation and variance may exhibit different growth rates, which is indicative of power-law behaviour. Finally, we also prove a normal approximation for sub-tree counts using the Malliavin–Stein method of Last et al. (Prob. Theory Relat. Fields165, 2016), along with the Palm calculus for Poisson point processes.
Self-Management Programs for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: A Rapid Review of Randomized Trials
Authors: Okoli George N. , Lam Otto L.T. , Reddy Viraj K. , Askin Nicole , Al-Yousif Nameer , Wilhelm Linda , Gunderson Janet , Hayes Anne , Mansouri Behzad , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT:Background:The body of evidence regarding self-management programs (SMPs) for adult chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is steadily growing, and regular updates are needed for effective decision-making.Objectives:To systematically identify, critically appraise, and summarize the findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SMPs for CNCP.Methods:We searched relevant databases from 2009 to August 2021 and included English-language RCT publications of SMPs compared with usual care for CNCP among adults (18+ years old). The primary outcome was health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). We conducted meta-analysis using an inverse variance, random-effects model and calculated the standardized mean difference (SMD) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) and statistical heterogeneity using the I2 statistic.Results:From 8538 citations, we included 28 RCTs with varying patient populations, standards for SMPs, and usual care. No RCTs were classified as having a low risk of bias. There was no evidence of a significant improvement in overall HR-QoL, irrespective of pain type, immediately post-intervention (SMD 0.01, 95%CI −0.21 to 0.24; I2 57%; 11 RCTs; 979 participants), 1–4 months post-intervention (SMD 0.02, 95%CI −0.16 to 0.20; I2 48.7%; 12 RCTs; 1160 participants), and 6–12 months post-intervention (SMD 0.07, 95%CI −0.06 to 0.21; I2 26.1%; 9 RCTs; 1404 participants). Similar findings were made for physical and mental HR-QoL, and for specific QoL assessment scales (e.g., SF-36).Conclusions:There is a lack of evidence that SMPs are efficacious for CNCP compared with usual care. Standardization of SMPs for CNCP and better planned/conducted RCTs are needed to confirm these conclusions.
How can interoperability stimulate the use of digital public services? An analysis of national interoperability frameworks and e-Government in the European Union
Authors: Campmas Alexandra , Iacob Nadina , Simonelli Felice 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article explores the role of interoperability in the development of digital public services in Europe, analyzing the effects of an European Union (EU)-level initiative (the European interoperability framework, EIF) and the development of e-Government services on how citizens interact online with public administrations. The EIF is a common EU framework providing guidance on public sector interoperability. EU countries are not mandated to follow the EIF, but they are encouraged to take up its guidance in their respective national interoperability frameworks (NIFs). Against this background, this article tests two hypotheses: (a) the introduction of NIFs facilitates the online interaction between citizens and public administrations and (b) better e-Government services encourage citizens to interact online with public administrations. Both hypotheses are confirmed by a panel data analysis covering 26 European countries over the period 2012–2019. The analysis relies on a dummy variable reflecting the adoption of NIFs, built by carefully examining official documents of the countries in the scope of the analysis. Based on the empirical results, this article puts forward two main policy recommendations. First, efforts to improve e-Government services across Europe should be intensified in order to support the overarching digital agenda of the EU and increase benefits for European citizens. Second, interoperability should become a central element when designing new digital public services. Therefore, the European Commission could foster a common approach to interoperability of digital public services across the EU by strengthening the governance of interoperability initiatives and encouraging the adoption of specific interoperability requirements.