bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of indigenous endomycorrhizal biofertilizer prototype on organic salak (Salacca zalacca) plantations and its effect on nutrient and carbohydrate content of leaves
Authors: Rai I Nyoman - , Suada I Ketut - , Wiraatmaja I Wayan - , Alit Astiari Ni Komang - 
Published: January 2022

Organically cultivated salak (Salacca zalacca) on dry land had limited production in Bali. Typically, the fertilization was carried out using the leaves litter or other organic fertilizer because the fertility of the soil was low for salak plantations, and the nutrition for the tree was lacking. The present study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of indigenous endomycorrhizal biofertilizer prototype on salak plantations and its effect on the nutrient and total carbohydrate content of the leaves. The study used a randomized block design with nine replicates conducted at Sibetan village, Bebandem district, Karangasem regency, and Bali province. The treatment consisted of 3 levels, i.e., fertilization with leaf litters only as the farmersâ€™ way/control (C), fertilization with indigenous endomycorrhizae biofertilizer prototype (P), and combination fertilization with leaf litters and indigenous endomycorrhizae biofertilizer prototype (PM). The spores of indigenous endomycorrhizae were used for making biofertilizer prototype isolated from soil and root samples in salak producing areas, i.e. Sibetan village. The results showed that P and CP significantly increases the chlorophyll content of the leaf, relative water content of the leaves, and number and weight of fruit per tree in comparison to C. Treatments P and CP also improved the fruit quality by increasing of the sweetness and weight per fruit. Thus, the indigenous endomycorrhizae biofertilizers prototype has a positive effect on water uptake and nutrient absorption as indicated by high N and P on leaf tissue and high total sugar, R-sugar, and sucrose content of the leaves.Â Keywords: biofertilizer, endomycorrhizae, organic, prototype, salak
SPECIES DIVERSITY OF SOIL FUNGI FROM A CORN PLANTATION AT ECHAGUE, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Tecson Rey Mark Gascon , Temanel Florenda C. Ballesteros - , Jacob James Kennard Sanz 
Published: January 2022

Soil fungi are a critical component of the agroecosystems and provide ecological services that affect food and bio-product production. Awareness of the composition and distribution of local species is necessary to maximize the productivity and sustainability of the agroecosystems. This study aimed at isolating fungi from the soil samples collected from a corn plantation at Echague, Isabela, morphologically defining, characterizing, and determining the diversity of fungal isolates species. Soil samples from five (5) different sampling units were collected and microbiological techniques were used to isolate the fungi. Identification was performed by morphological characterization of fungal isolates guided by taxonomic keys and textbooks. Fungal diversity was assessed using Simpson's indices of diversity. Â Sixteen (16) fungal isolates were found; 12 were known and four (4) were unidentified. Ten (10) species belong to the Ascomycota group, and two (2) belong to the Zygomycota class. The Aspergillus species dominated the region amongst all the species isolated and established. Â Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus are densely populated and well distributed. A potent biocontrol agent was also identified, namely Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma viride.Â The Mucor sp. and the Rhizopus stoloniferous, Zygomycota fungi, were also identified.
Extension of Endocardium-Derived Vessels Generate Coronary Arteries in Neonates
Authors: Tang Juan , Zhu Huan , Tian Xueying , Wang Haixiao , Liu Shaoyan , Liu Kuo , Zhao Huan , He Lingjuan , Huang Xiuzhen , Feng Zhao , Ding Zhangheng , Long Ben , Yan Yan , Smart Nicola , Gong Hui , Luo Qingming , Zhou Bin 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Unraveling how new coronary arteries develop may provide critical information for establishing novel therapeutic approaches to treating ischemic cardiac diseases. There are 2 distinct coronary vascular populations derived from different origins in the developing heart. Understanding the formation of coronary arteries may provide insights into new ways of promoting coronary artery formation after myocardial infarction.

Methods:
To understand how intramyocardial coronary arteries are generated to connect these 2 coronary vascular populations, we combined genetic lineage tracing, light sheet microscopy, fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography, and tissue-specific gene knockout approaches to understand their cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Results:
We show that a subset of intramyocardial coronary arteries form by angiogenic extension of endocardium-derived vascular tunnels in the neonatal heart. Three-dimensional whole-mount fluorescence imaging showed that these endocardium-derived vascular tunnels or tubes adopt an arterial fate in neonates. Mechanistically, we implicate Mettl3 (methyltransferase-like protein 3) and Notch signaling in regulating endocardium-derived intramyocardial coronary artery formation. Functionally, these intramyocardial arteries persist into adulthood and play a protective role after myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:
A subset of intramyocardial coronary arteries form by extension of endocardium-derived vascular tunnels in the neonatal heart.
Ikonographische Strategien Claudians
Authors: Flores Militello Vicente 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the particular ways in which Claudian portrays the epic hunting episode in his Stil. 3. In addition to the poetic models that he re-elaborates, he takes up an iconographic language with which his public, the Roman élite, was very well acquainted: it is the same iconography that can be observed in the hunting mosaics of Dermech and Hippona—and above all in the Grande Caccia of Piazza Armerina. In both Claud. Stil. 3 and the mosaics, we encounter a hunt, or rather a collection of animals which takes place mainly in North Africa in preparation for the games in the Roman harena. Both the hunting episode in Claudian’s poem and the scenes of hunting in the mosaics point to the liberalitas or economical-political power, or even virtus, which the owners of the villas, or Stilicho himself, claimed for themselves. This clearly builds on a ‘language’ that the contemporary élite (4th century CE) appreciated and that Claudian exploited with great success.
Oncologic Fidelity of Minimally Invasive Surgery to Resect Neoadjuvant-Treated Wilms Tumors
Authors: McKay Katlyn G. , Abdul Ghani Muhammad O. , Crane Gabriella L. , Evans Parker T. , Zhao Shilin , Martin Laura Y. , Thomas John C. , Correa Hernan , Benedetti Daniel J. , Lovvorn Harold N. 
Published: January 2022

Background The Children's Oncology Group recommends upfront resection of Wilms tumor (WT), however, unique scenarios warrant neoadjuvant chemotherapy and delayed resection. We hypothesized that in the context of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to resect WT achieves equivalent oncologic fidelity and better maintains therapy schedules. Methods A retrospective analysis of WT treated between 2010-2021 at a free-standing children's hospital was performed. Patient and disease specific characteristics were collected, and pre-resection tumor volumes (TV) were calculated. Impact of MIS or open resection on oncologic fidelity and time to resume chemotherapy was analyzed. Results For the study period, 62 patients were treated for 65 WT, and 14 patients (22.6%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy to treat 17 WT (26.2%): 7 Stage I (all predisposition syndromes), 2 stage III, 7 stage IV, and 1 stage V (bilateral). MIS was utilized to resect 6 WT from 5 patients. For partial nephrectomy, pre-resection TV was 0.38 ml if MIS and 10.38 ml if open ( P = .025). For radical nephrectomy, pre-resection TV was 31.58 ml if MIS and 175.00 ml if open ( P = .101). No significant differences between surgical approach were detected regarding pathologic variables or survival. Epidural use was significantly greater with open procedures ( P = .001). Length of stay was 2.00 days after MIS compared to 6.00 for open resection ( P = .004). Time to resume chemotherapy was 7.00 days after MIS versus 27.00 for open ( P = .004). Conclusion After neoadjuvant chemotherapy for WT, MIS partial and radical nephrectomies achieved equivalent oncologic fidelity, reduced epidural use and post-operative stays, and better maintained adjuvant therapy timelines when compared to open resections.
Critical Quality and Readability Analysis of Online Patient Education Materials on Parotidectomy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Grose Elysia Miriam , Cheng Emily YiQin , Levin Marc , Philteos Justine , Lee Jong Wook , Monteiro Eric A. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Complications related to parotidectomy can cause significant morbidity, and thus, the decision to pursue this surgery needs to be well-informed. Given that information available online plays a critical role in patient education, this study aimed to evaluate the readability and quality of online patient education materials (PEMs) regarding parotidectomy. Methods: A Google search was performed using the term “parotidectomy” and the first 10 pages of the search were analyzed. Quality and reliability of the online information was assessed using the DISCERN instrument. Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch-Reading Ease Score (FRE) were used to evaluate readability. Results: Thirty-five PEMs met the inclusion criteria. The average FRE score was 59.3 and 16 (46%) of the online PEMs had FRE scores below 60 indicating that they were fairly difficult to very difficult to read. The average grade level of the PEMs was above the eighth grade when evaluated with the FKGL. The average DISCERN score was 41.7, which is indicative of fair quality. There were no significant differences between PEMs originating from medical institutions and PEMs originating from other sources in terms of quality or readability. Conclusion: Online PEMs on parotidectomy may not be comprehensible to the average individual. This study highlights the need for the development of more appropriate PEMs to inform patients about parotidectomy.
The lived experience of surviving from the Islamic State attack and capture in Iraq and Syria: An arts-based qualitative study with Yazidi young women
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Abdulla Bayar Mohammed Omar , Liamputtong Pranee 
Published: January 2022

Background: In August 2014, the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) attacked the Sinjar district and destroyed several villages and towns and killed several individuals. Aim: In this study, the Yazidi young women who survived the ISIS attack were encouraged to express their lived experiences through paintings following participation in a 6-month art-based intervention program. Methods: A total of 13 Yazidi Kurdish females aged 18 to 25 years (Mean: 21.7 years) were invited to participate in an art-based (drawing and painting) course for 6 months in 2018. They were invited to draw or paint images that portrayed their lived experiences of attack and capture by the ISIS. Qualitative research situated within feminist methodology was used with the young women in this study. The interviews were analyzed using the descriptive content analysis method. Results: The paintings and narratives of the participants were constructed into three main themes: fear and traumatic experiences; feeling of hopelessness; and freedom and hope. During the attack and capture, due to the escape, rape, and horrific treatments by the ISIS fighters, the young women were traumatized severely. They were sold as a sex slave by the ISIS fighters. The participants still had severe anxiety and psychological challenges after being free from the capture. However, despite their traumatic experiences and feeling of hopelessness, most of them were hoping for freedom and a better future. Conclusions: This study showed that the Yazidi young females still experienced psychological challenges burdens even 3 years after the traumatic day. However, the participants showed their resilience through feeling hopeful for freedom and a better future.
Socio-economic Correlates of Marital Status and Marriage Timing Among Adult Men in Nigeria
Authors: Okunlola David A. , Makinde Olusesan A. , Babalola Stella 
Published: January 2022

There is a gradual tendency towards prolonged bachelorhood among men in Nigeria. Studies have linked this to socio-economic factors, but this evidence is sparsely explored in the context of Nigeria. Hence, this study fills the knowledge gap. The 2016/17 Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data of 7803 adult men (aged 18–34 years) was analysed by using descriptive and fitting binary logitic regression and Cox regression models. Results show that slightly more than one-third of adult men in Nigeria (35%) had a marriage history and their median age at first marriage was about 24 years. Educated men (than the uneducated) and those in middle wealth group (than the poor men) were less likely to have ever been married and to delay marriage, respectively. Wealthy men were more likely to delay marriage. Employed men were more likely to have a marriage history and to delay marriage.
A systematic review and narrative summary of couple-based smoking cessation interventions
Authors: Choi Seung Hee 
Published: January 2022

Background: Smoking is formed and reinforced in social networks. Smoking interventions have incorporated social networks, especially partners, to promote smoking cessation. This review provides a synthesized review on the effectiveness of couple-based smoking cessation interventions. Methods: A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies of experimental, couple-based smoking cessation interventions, published in English, was conducted. Database searching of CINAHL, PubMed, and SCOPUS and citation review resulted in 2170 articles for reviews. Abstract and initial review screening excluded 2,126, leaving 44 for full-text review. Further exclusions based on type of intervention and reported outcomes left a total of 11 studies to be included in the analysis. Results: Two major outcomes were reported among the 11 studies: long-term quit rates (≥6 months post-intervention) and aspects of the couple’s relationship (e.g., satisfaction, adjustment, and partner support). Only two studies showed significant differences in long-term quit rates compared to control groups. Five studies reported outcomes of couples’ relationships, yet none of the five promoted partner support in the intervention, which may have limited the effectiveness of couple-based interventions. One study observed higher levels of partner support among quitters than continued smokers. A large heterogeneity of target populations was also observed. Conclusions: Current literature does not support the effectiveness of couple-based smoking interventions. Future studies need to re-evaluate the role of partners and partner support to facilitate effective partner support and increase the likelihood of success in smoking cessation among smoker couples. Limitations of the current literature and suggestions for future research are discussed.
A phase 1 study to assess potential interaction between ASP8062 and alcohol in healthy adult subjects
Authors: Ito Mototsugu , Spence Anna , Blauwet Mary Beth , Heo Nakyo , Goldwater Ronald , Maruff Paul , Marek Gerard J 
Published: January 2022

Background: ASP8062 is a novel orally active GABAB receptor positive allosteric modulator in clinical development for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and opioid use disorder (OUD). Aims: This study assessed the potential pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interaction between ASP8062 and alcohol under single-dose conditions in healthy adults. Methods: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover phase 1 study was conducted in which 20 subjects were randomly assigned to four treatment sequences (ASP8062 + alcohol; ASP8062 + placebo alcohol; placebo + alcohol; placebo + placebo alcohol) each consisting of four treatment periods, separated by washout periods of at least 14 days. An analysis of variance was used to assess pharmacokinetic interaction and a mixed-effects analysis of covariance was used to assess pharmacodynamic interaction. Results/outcomes: After administration of alcohol, a mild to minimal increase in plasma exposure (AUCinf and Cmax) of ASP8062 was observed, but tmax and t½ for ASP8062 remained unchanged after administration of alcohol. In contrast, ASP8062 did not affect the AUClast and Cmax of ethanol. No clinically relevant differences in cognition measurements were observed with ASP8062 compared with placebo, but there were expected impairments in psychomotor and executive function with alcohol alone. ASP8062 in combination with alcohol resulted in worse scores in cognition measurements than alcohol alone, but this potentiation was not consistent. ASP8062 administered alone was safe and well-tolerated and safety findings in subjects administered alcohol alone were not augmented when ASP8062 was administered in combination with alcohol. Conclusion/interpretation: The data support further clinical studies investigating ASP8062 in patients with AUD.
Clinicopathological analysis and prognostic significance of NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Mei , Zhao Gang , Zhou Xiaojun , Xuan Ruixia , Chen Yuwei , Wang Yun 
Published: January 2022

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological significance of NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients from Guangdong Province, China. Methods Data and tissues from patients with NPC were retrospectively studied. Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to evaluate and compare NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA levels, respectively, in 60 NPC and 30 nasopharyngitis tissue samples. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine correlations between NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA levels with clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses of NPC patients. Results NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA expression in NPC were significantly correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. NF-κB p65 and IKKβ protein and mRNA levels were significantly increased in NPC patients with deep tumor invasion (T3–4), lymph node metastasis, and stage III/IV disease; high NF-κB p65 and IKKβ mRNA expression were associated with significantly shorter disease-free survival rates compared with cases showing low NF-κB p65 and IKKβ mRNA expression. Conclusions NF-κB p65 and IKKβ may affect the prognosis of NPC patients and could be potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Treated Nonoperatively Versus With Reconstruction: Risk of Subsequent Surgery
Authors: Ding David Y. , Tucker Lue-Yen , Rugg Caitlin M. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears can be devastating injuries, leading to joint instability, meniscal tears, and subsequent arthritis. It is unknown whether ACL reconstruction (ACLR) alters the natural history of joint degeneration in the ACL-deficient knee compared with nonoperative treatment, and few studies have examined outcomes in middle–aged patients. Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the midterm risk of subsequent ipsilateral knee surgery in middle–aged patients after an ACL injury treated with initial conservative (nonoperative) management (CM) versus ACLR (operative management [OM]) within 6 months of the diagnosis. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We performed an electronic database search from 2011 to 2012 for all patients aged 35 to 55 years with an initial diagnosis of magnetic resonance imaging—confirmed ACL tear. Patients who elected CM and those who underwent ACLR within 6 months of the diagnosis (OM) were identified. Index patient and clinical characteristics were collected from the health record. All patients were longitudinally observed until August 31, 2017. The primary outcome was subsequent ipsilateral knee surgeries, and secondary outcomes included contralateral knee surgeries, deep surgical–site infections, and venous thrombotic events. Results: The mean follow–up was 4.8 ± 0.6 years. The CM group included 463 patients (40.2%) and the OM group included 690 patients (59.8%). The mean ages were 43.9 ± 5.7 years and 42.7 ± 5.3 years for patients in the CM and OM groups, respectively ( P < .001). Obesity and smoking were significantly more common in the CM group. During the follow–up, 180 patients (38.9%) in the CM group underwent subsequent ipsilateral knee surgery compared with 73 (10.6%) patients in the OM group ( P < .001). The mean time to the first ipsilateral procedure was 0.9 ± 1.1 years in the CM and 2 ± 1.5 years in the OM group ( P < .001). Delayed ipsilateral ACLRs were performed in 81 patients in the CM group (17.5%); non-ACLR ipsilateral knee surgeries were performed in 156 patients in the CM group (33.7%). Contralateral knee surgery rates were similar. In a regression model, after controlling for age, sex, the Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and smoking status, it was found that normal body mass index and CM group were risk factors for undergoing subsequent knee surgery or ipsilateral non-ACLR surgery. Conclusion: Excluding delayed ACLR, subsequent ipsilateral knee surgeries were more common and occurred earlier in middle–aged patients with nonoperatively managed ACL tears compared with patients managed with reconstruction.
Fibre alignment and mechanical performance of carbon fibre Sheet Moulding Compounds under different preform compaction
Authors: Nega Biruk F , Pierce Robert S , Liu Linlin , Yi Xiaosu , Liu Xiaoling 
Published: January 2022

This work investigates the effect of preform compaction on the mechanical performance and flow-induced fibre alignment of carbon fibre reinforced Sheet Moulding Compounds (SMCs). Two groups of panels have been compression moulded from reclaimed carbon fibre tows in vinyl-ester resin with low (0.5 MPa) and high (10 MPa) preform compaction pressure Additionally, a low-cost fibre orientation analysis method has been further improved in terms of reliability, and a novel flow assessment method has been developed for carbon fibre SMCs. This approach revealed greater fibre alignment with the flow direction in the lower faces of panels as a result of greater contact time with the heated mould and a lower charge viscosity at the time of pressing. As expected, greater fibre alignment in the flow direction was observed outside the initial charge coverage area in both types of panels, where the flow was greatest. Due to additional fibre flow during the high-pressure compaction stage, the mean degree of flow alignment in the high compaction panel was 47% higher than that of the low compaction panel. Improvements in the tensile stiffness (8%) and strength (32%) were also observed as a result of the high-pressure compaction stage and associated flow alignment.
Promoting Continuous Professional Development of English Teachers Through Action Research
Authors: Dogan Cemile , Kirkgoz Yasemin 
Published: January 2022

The current study adopts a mixed-method research design to foster English Language instructors’ attitude toward professional development, self-efficacy beliefs, and reflective thinking. Vygotsky's sociocultural theory constituted the base and the professional development program was designed accordingly. The participants of the study were nine English Language instructors working at three different universities. Throughout the 16-week program, it was aimed to equip the participants with action research skills to conduct their own study in their own context according to their needs and/or interests. All the participants completed the Plan, Act, Observe, and Reflect stages of the Action Research Cycle.