bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A shape function based interpolation approach for nodal design variable based structural optimization
Authors: Previati Giorgio , Ballo Federico , Gobbi Massimiliano 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article, a novel density interpolation scheme for topological optimization based on nodal density variables is presented. The method relies on the definition of an independent interpolation mesh for the description of the density field. This mesh is used for the interpolation of the density field at the Gauss points of the design domain mesh. Provided that the interpolation mesh is realized by linear elements, the proposed scheme is range restricted and assures physically meaningful values of the interpolated density. Explicit analytical sensitivity expressions can be derived. The utilization of an independent interpolation mesh allows for the utilization of any element type and geometry on the body for the computation of the displacements. It is also shown that the chosen interpolation scheme has interesting properties of volume and material volume conservation with respect to the mesh utilized on the body and the domain of the interpolation mesh can differ from the domain of the mesh for the displacements computation. This allows for the realization of very regular interpolation meshes even in case of very complex shapes of the domain of the body to be optimized. Examples are provided showing the performance of the proposed interpolation scheme.
Enhanced breakdown strength and restrained dielectric loss of polypropylene/maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene/core‐shell ZrO2@SiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Cheng Lu , Liu Wenfeng , Zhang Ziqi , Zhou Yongcun , Li Shengtao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo simoutinusly achieve improved breakdown strength (BDS) and suppressed dielectric loss, a modified ternary nanocomposite composed of polypropylene (PP), maleic anhydride‐grafted PP and core‐shell structure SiO2@ZrO2 nanoparticles is proposed. By tailoring the thickness of SiO2 shell from 3 to 11 nm and the nanofillers content from 0.5 to 5 wt%, the particles disparsion is improved and meanwhile both the deep trap density and the interaction force between molecules are enhanced. In consequence, the restricted transportation of electrons along molecule chains as well as between chains together raise the DC BDS, that the BDS of optimum sample film reaches 430.8 kV/mm, 23% higher than neat PP. Besides, the ternary nanocomposites with SiO2@ZrO2 less than 3 wt% maintain the tanδ below 0.3% at a broad frequency ranging from 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz, which is an extremely low level same as neat PP.
A pilot choral intervention in individuals with schizophrenia‐spectrum conditions; Singing away loneliness
Authors: Adery Laura H. , Park Sohee 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial disconnection is associated with poor outcome and long‐term disability in individuals with schizophrenia‐spectrum conditions (SCZ) but social isolation is not typically a target for treatment. Singing together has long been shown to promote unique group cohesion and improve sense of well‐being across the lifespan. Accordingly, we devised a novel choral intervention to examine the potential efficacy of this low‐burden social intervention strategy designed to reduce loneliness in SCZ. Seventeen SCZ participated in a weekly, 1‐hr choir group for 8 weeks. At pre‐ and post‐intervention, we examined symptoms, loneliness, stress, and face recognition. Choral intervention led to significant reductions in scores for loneliness, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II). No significant changes were observed in scores for the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), face recognition, or the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Diminished loneliness was inversely correlated with the number of sessions attended. Participants judged the choir intervention to be acceptable and enjoyable. Reduced loneliness and symptom improvement after 8 weeks of intervention in SCZ suggest that choral intervention presents an enjoyable and low‐burden opportunity to collaborate in a group setting for isolated individuals and thus may serve as a beneficial adjunct in a multi‐arm intervention strategy for alleviating symptom distress and loneliness.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterium‐associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a non‐HIV immunosuppressed patient
Authors: Kobayashi Misato , Tsubata Yukari , Shiratsuki Yohei , Hotta Takamasa , Hamaguchi Megumi , Isobe Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 69‐year‐old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, using immunosuppressants, including etanercept—a tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α antagonist—was referred to our hospital with fever and fatigue. Chest computed tomography revealed cavities in the left upper lobe. As Mycobacterium intracellulare infection was diagnosed, all immunosuppressants were discontinued, and treatment with anti‐nontuberculous Mycobacterium drugs was initiated. However, her condition worsened paradoxically. We diagnosed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) resulting from the discontinuation of the TNF‐α antagonist. Her condition improved with prednisolone treatment. IRIS is generally observed during HIV treatment, but a good understanding of immunosuppressant‐related non‐HIV IRIS is needed.
Impact assessment of waterway development on the socioeconomic conditions and ecosystem in the upper Yangtze River
Authors: Li Wenjie , Wu Jianping , Du Hongbo , Wan Yu , Yang Shengfa , Xiao Yi , Wang Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe waterway from Chongqing to Yibin in the upper Yangtze River provides strong support for the socioeconomic development in Western China, while it also has a negative influence on the river ecosystem, such as river fragmentation, wetland disconnectivity, fish habitat, and biodiversity. Accurately characterizing the exploitation, economic efficiency, and ecological pressure of the waterway from Chongqing to Yibin is of great significance for the further development of the upper Yangtze River. In this study, based on statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the waterway development, economic benefits, and ecological pressure of the waterway from Chongqing to Yibin were evaluated. The sustainability index (SI) was introduced to comprehensively assess the sustainability of waterways using the hierarchical model, which integrates the exploitation ratio (ER), economic efficiency index (EEI), and ecological pressure index (EPI). A relatively low ER (41.04%), a low consistency index (CI, 0.31), a high EEI (9037.18 USA$/gha), and a low EPI (0.33) yielded an SI of 0.70, indicating that the waterway from Chongqing to Yibin in the upper Yangtze River is in a sustainable development stage. Compared with the typical global Golden Inland Waterways, the waterway from Chongqing to Yibin still has great development potential under the prioritizing ecological protection.
On the modularity of 3‐regular random graphs and random graphs with given degree sequences
Authors: Lichev Lyuben , Mitsche Dieter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe modularity of a graph is a parameter that measures its community structure; the higher its value (between 0 and 1), the more clustered the graph is. In this paper we show that the modularity of a random 3‐regular graph is at least 0.667026 asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.), thereby proving a conjecture of McDiarmid and Skerman. We also improve the a.a.s. upper bound given therein to 0.789998. For a uniformly chosen graph over a given bounded degree sequence with average degree and with many connected components, we distinguish two regimes with respect to the existence of a giant component. In the subcritical regime, we compute the second term of the modularity. In the supercritical regime, we prove that there is , for which the modularity is a.a.s. at least

where is the asymptotically almost sure limit of .
Comparative Study for the Production of Sustainable Electricity from Marine Sediment Using Recyclable Low‐Cost Solid Wastes Aluminum Foil and Graphite Anodes
Authors: Sallam Eman R. , Fetouh Howida A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe influence of low‐cost anode materials, aluminum, and graphite on the sediment microbial fuel cell (SMFC) performance is investigated. The cathode in both cells is a high‐conductive pencil electrode. The open‐circuit potentials of the graphite sediment microbial fuel cell (CSMFC) and the aluminum sediment microbial fuel cell (ASMFC) are 600 mV and 1103 mV, respectively. The microbial metabolic activity in polluted marine sediment creates a large potential difference at the marine sediment/seawater interface. The sustainable electrical power from CSMFC and ASMFC are 680 mW.m−2 and 930 mW.m−2 respectively. The high cell potentials of both cells are achieved at ambient temperature. The designed SMFCs could power oceanographic instruments and biosensors in the coastal ocean. The total viable bacterial count (TVBC) and biological parameters of pore water are related to the high cell potential. The higher open‐circuit potential of ASMFC than CSMFC is mainly attributed to the lower charge transfer resistance of aluminum than graphite. This high performance is confirmed by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The charge transfer resistance (Rct) of aluminum and graphite are 1600 and 2050 Ohm.cm2, respectively. The electrical conductivity of a thin film of aluminum and graphite are 40.1
104 and 9.99
103 Siemens/cm, respectively. The electrical resistivity of the ASMFC and CSMFC are 1.506×10−5 and 2.25661×10−5 Ω.m, respectively. These results strongly suggest that ASMFC has a higher electrical power density than CSMFC due to the lower charge transfer resistance, the good electrical conductivity of aluminum, and the lower electrical resistivity of ASMFC.
Antimicrobial and Toxicity Studies of Dodonaea aungustifolia Extracts‐Mediated Green Synthesized Copper Oxide Particles
Authors: Andra Swetha , Balu Satheesh kumar , Ponnada Srikanth , Mohan Sakar , Hossain Md Shahadat , Sivakumar Bharathkumar , Palanivel Baskaran , Alsalme Ali , Muthalagu Murugesan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, copper oxide (CuO) particles have been synthesized through a green approach using Dodonaea aungustifolia (DA) extracts as a reducing agent, which is extracted using methanol (CuO‐DA(Mt)) and the mixture of aqueous + methanol solvents (CuO‐DA(Aq+Mt)). These green synthesized CuO particles have been analysed using XRD, FESEM, EDAX, TEM, DLS, and FTIR techniques. Further, these materials have also been investigated for their in‐vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and hemolytic properties. The obtained results showed that the synthesized CuO‐DA(Aq+Mt) particles show excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Similarly, the in‐vitro hemolytic assessment of CuO‐DA(Aq+Mt) show the improved non‐hemolytic activity at various concentrations as compared to CuO‐DA(Mt). From the results and observations, a plausible mechanism for the observed properties of these CuO particles have also been proposed.
CSF proteomic signature predicts progression to Alzheimer's disease dementia
Authors: Vromen Eleonora M. , del Campo Milán Marta , Scheltens Philip , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Visser Pieter Jelle , Tijms Betty M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionIndividuals in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum with mild cognitive impairment (prodromal AD) are at increased risk to develop dementia. Still, underlying pathophysiological processes remain unclear. We studied whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome changes are related to time to clinical progression in prodromal AD.MethodsWe measured 671 CSF proteins in 49 prodromal AD individuals (67±7 years old, 22 [45%] female) from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort. Associations of protein levels with time to dementia onset were tested with Cox regression models, followed by biological pathway enrichment analysis.ResultsEighteen (36%) individuals developed dementia during follow‐up. In total, 128 (98%) proteins were associated with a 1.4‐ to 17‐fold increased risk of progression to dementia (all P < .05). These proteins showed enrichment for immune system processes, signal transduction, neuronal death, and neurodevelopmental biology.DiscussionCSF proteome changes related to rate of progression to dementia can be detected in prodromal AD, providing more insight into processes involved in early AD pathophysiology.
Monitoring the maturation of the sarcomere network: a super-resolution microscopy-based approach
Authors: Skorska Anna , Johann Lisa , Chabanovska Oleksandra , Vasudevan Praveen , Kussauer Sophie , Hillemanns Maximilian , Wolfien Markus , Jonitz-Heincke Anika , Wolkenhauer Olaf , Bader Rainer , Lang Hermann , David Robert , Lemcke Heiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe in vitro generation of human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) is of great importance for cardiac disease modeling, drug-testing applications and for regenerative medicine. Despite the development of various cultivation strategies, a sufficiently high degree of maturation is still a decisive limiting factor for the successful application of these cardiac cells. The maturation process includes, among others, the proper formation of sarcomere structures, mediating the contraction of cardiomyocytes. To precisely monitor the maturation of the contractile machinery, we have established an imaging-based strategy that allows quantitative evaluation of important parameters, defining the quality of the sarcomere network. iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were subjected to different culture conditions to improve sarcomere formation, including prolonged cultivation time and micro patterned surfaces. Fluorescent images of α-actinin were acquired using super-resolution microscopy. Subsequently, we determined cell morphology, sarcomere density, filament alignment, z-Disc thickness and sarcomere length of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Cells from adult and neonatal heart tissue served as control. Our image analysis revealed a profound effect on sarcomere content and filament orientation when iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes were cultured on structured, line-shaped surfaces. Similarly, prolonged cultivation time had a beneficial effect on the structural maturation, leading to a more adult-like phenotype. Automatic evaluation of the sarcomere filaments by machine learning validated our data. Moreover, we successfully transferred this approach to skeletal muscle cells, showing an improved sarcomere formation cells over different differentiation periods. Overall, our image-based workflow can be used as a straight-forward tool to quantitatively estimate the structural maturation of contractile cells. As such, it can support the establishment of novel differentiation protocols to enhance sarcomere formation and maturity.
Topological properties of the binary supremum function
Authors: Hertling Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider the binary supremum function $$\sup :Z\times Z\rightarrow Z$$

sup
:
Z
×
Z
→
Z

on a sup semilattice Z and its topological properties with respect to the Scott topology and the product topology. It is well known that this function is continuous with respect to the Scott topology on $$Z\times Z$$

Z
×
Z

. We show that it is open as well. Isbell has constructed several examples of complete lattices Z such that the binary supremum function on Z is discontinuous with respect to the product topology. Of course, in these cases the Scott topology on $$Z\times Z$$

Z
×
Z

is strictly finer than the product topology. This raises the question whether there exists a complete lattice Z such that the Scott topology on $$Z\times Z$$

Z
×
Z

is strictly finer than the product topology and such that the binary supremum function is continuous even with respect to the product topology. We construct such a lattice. Finally, by using any of the examples constructed by Isbell, we show the following result: Bounded completeness of a complete lattice Z is in general not inherited by the dcpo C(X, Z) of continuous functions from X to Z where X is a topological space and where on Z the Scott topology is considered. On the other hand, we show that bounded completeness of Z is inherited by C(X, Z) if the topology on X is the Scott topology of a partial order.
MRI in axial spondyloarthritis: understanding an ‘ASAS-positive MRI’ and the ASAS classification criteria
Authors: Diekhoff Torsten , Lambert Robert , Hermann Kay Geert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In 2009, the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) published a definition of ‘active sacroiliitis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for classification of axial spondyloarthritis’. This new definition of an ‘ASAS-positive MRI’ was integral to new classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis that were published in the same year. The ASAS MRI definition had the considerable advantage of simplicity and the definition gained popularity as guidance for interpreting MRI of the sacroiliac joints in clinical practice. However, classification criteria are not designed for use in clinical practice with the consequence that overreliance on the presence of bone marrow edema, which is the principal determinant of an ‘ASAS-positive MRI’, may result in a tendency to overcall inflammatory sacroiliitis in the clinical setting. This article aims to inform the reader about the rationale behind the ASAS definition of a positive MRI and ASAS classification criteria, their proper use in research and why they should not be used in clinical practice. The article also contains guidance for an updated imaging protocol and interpretation of images including typical imaging findings, differential diagnosis, and common pitfalls.
Esophageal Achalasia: Diagnostic Evaluation
Authors: Riccio Federica , Costantini Mario , Salvador Renato 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA precise diagnosis is key to the successful treatment of achalasia. Barium swallow, upper endoscopy and high‐resolution manometry provide the necessary information about a patient's anatomy, absence of other diseases, and type of achalasia (I, II, III). High‐resolution manometry also has prognostic value, the best results of treatment being obtained in type II achalasia according to the Chicago classification. Abdominal CT scanning and endoscopic ultrasound might be warranted if an underlying malignancy is suspected.
Comparing multi-index stochastic collocation and multi-fidelity stochastic radial basis functions for forward uncertainty quantification of ship resistance
Authors: Piazzola Chiara , Tamellini Lorenzo , Pellegrini Riccardo , Broglia Riccardo , Serani Andrea , Diez Matteo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a comparison of two multi-fidelity methods for the forward uncertainty quantification of a naval engineering problem. Specifically, we consider the problem of quantifying the uncertainty of the hydrodynamic resistance of a roll-on/roll-off passenger ferry advancing in calm water and subject to two operational uncertainties (ship speed and payload). The first four statistical moments (mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis), and the probability density function for such quantity of interest (QoI) are computed with two multi-fidelity methods, i.e., the Multi-Index Stochastic Collocation (MISC) and an adaptive multi-fidelity Stochastic Radial Basis Functions (SRBF). The QoI is evaluated via computational fluid dynamics simulations, which are performed with the in-house unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) multi-grid solver $$\chi$$
χ
navis. The different fidelities employed by both methods are obtained by stopping the RANS solver at different grid levels of the multi-grid cycle. The performance of both methods are presented and discussed: in a nutshell, the findings suggest that, at least for the current implementation of both methods, MISC could be preferred whenever a limited computational budget is available, whereas for a larger computational budget SRBF seems to be preferable, thanks to its robustness to the numerical noise in the evaluations of the QoI.
Measured and self-reported olfactory function in voluntary Norwegian adults
Authors: Heian Ingrid Torvik , Helvik Anne-Sofie , Hummel Thomas , Øie Marte Rystad , Nordgård Ståle , Bratt Mette , Thorstensen Wenche Moe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The lack of epidemiological data on the proportion of olfactory dysfunction (OD) using comprehensive olfactory assessment in healthy adults in Scandinavia motivated to the present study which aimed to explore the proportion of OD in voluntary healthy Norwegian adults, assessed by Sniffin’ Sticks, and its correlation to self-reported olfactory function. Furthermore, sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with olfactory function were analysed.

Methods
The sample included 405 Norwegian participants, aged 18–78 years, 273 women and 132 men, who underwent olfactory testing with extensive Sniffin’ Sticks test, allergy testing, clinical examination with nasal endoscopy and completed a self-administered questionnaire, including self-evaluation of olfactory function on a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale.

Results
We found that 37% had OD, of which 1.2% had anosmia assessed with extensive Sniffin’ Sticks test. The proportion of hyposmia and anosmia increased with age. Men and participants with low education had poorer olfactory function scores. Allergy, smoking status, general health and endoscopic findings were not associated with measured olfactory function. We found no correlation between self-reported and measured olfactory function.

Conclusions
This study has identified that a large proportion of our sample of voluntary healthy Norwegian adults have OD, considerably more common in older adults and somewhat more common in men and individuals with low education. The lack of correlation between self-reported and measured olfactory function highlights the importance of using validated tests for a reliable olfactory evaluation.
Moderately large deflection of slightly curved layered beams with interlayer slip
Authors: Adam Christoph , Ladurner Dominik , Furtmüller Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a beam theory for analyzing the static response of slightly curved three-layer beams with interlayer slip. Since the beams are supposed to be immovably supported, membrane stresses develop even at moderately large deflections and the response becomes geometrically nonlinear. The theory is based on a layerwise application of the Euler–Bernoulli theory and a linear elastic constitutive law for the interlaminar displacements. In three application examples, the accuracy of this theory is shown by comparing the results of this theory with the outcomes of a more complex finite element analysis assuming a plane stress state. These application examples demonstrate the effect of a small initial deflection on the nonlinear response of the considered layered structural members.