bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Hyperemesis Gravidarum With Hemoglobin to Red Cell Distribution Width Ratio and Eosinophil to Lymphocyte Ratio
Authors: Uçkan Kazım , Başkıran Yusuf , Çeleğen İzzet 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocytes to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), eosinophil to lymphocyteratio (ELR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 121 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 94 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n=38), moderate (n=41), and severe (n=42).Results: HRR, PLR, NLR, and MLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group, and ELR values were lower (p<0.05). MON, NEU, PCT, PLR, NLR, MLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients. EO, LYM, and ELR values decreased (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho=0.45, p< 0.001), PLR (rho=0.76, p< 0.001), NLR (rho=0.79, p< 0.001), MLR (rho=0.81, p< 0.001) values. There was a significant negative correlation between ELR (rho= 0.72, p< 0.001) and HEG.Conclusion: NLR, PLR, and PCT are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for HEG development. In our study, we suggested the use of two new prognostic markers for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for further studies on the subject.
Social Acceptability of Quarantine in Public Health Emergencies: A Systematic Review
Authors: Munung Nchangwi Syntia , Moon Joshua R. , Chi Primus Che , Ambe Jennyfer Radeino , Ujewe Samuel J , Lumngwena Evelyn N , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Kombe Francis , Houeto David , Afolabi Muhammed O. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Quarantine and isolation is an effective method of controlling outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. However, the effectiveness of these interventions depends on a high compliance rate, which is often compromised by multiple reasons to break quarantine or refuse isolation. In this systematic review, we highlight public attitudes and reactions towards quarantine including factors that may hinder quarantine measures during public health epidemics, public preferences for using quarantine during epidemics or infectious disease outbreaks and key considerations for the use of quarantine in public health epidemics.Methods: We searched five databases for publications on quarantine and isolation, and screened for empirical studies on social acceptability.Results: We found 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria. A review of the articles showed some factors could impede compliance with quarantine and isolation. These include the feelings of guilt and social distress, concern about loss of income, and self and social stigma and/or discrimination. On the other hand, compliance with quarantine and isolation was positively associated with perceptions of being a civic duty or fears of infecting loved ones. The articles concluded that, quarantine compliance can be enhanced through assurance of income and promoting safe interaction with loved ones during isolation/quarantine. Conclusions: This review provides public health experts, emergency planners, and policy makers with key considerations to improve public compliance with isolation and quarantine measures during public health emergencies.
An Adaptive Task Scheduling Algorithm for 3-D Target Imaging in Radar Network
Authors: Zhang Qun , Wang Dan , Luo Ying , Liu Xiaowen , Liang Jia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An effective task scheduling method is the premise and guarantee for cooperative imaging in radar network. In this article, an adaptive task scheduling algorithm for three- dimensional (3-D) target imaging in radar network is investigated. The aim of our strategy is to achieve the multiple 3-D target imaging tasks with the minimal task time. Firstly, the 3-D target image can be reconstructed by high-resolution inverse imaging aperture radar (ISAR) images from three views, and the sparse imaging algorithm based on compressed sensing (CS) is adopted to acquire the ISAR images of the targets. Then, the adaptive task scheduling optimization model is constructed. Through the steps of target Information perception, radar selection and adjustment of imaging terminal time, the optimal task scheduling strategy is obtained and the resource utilization of radar network is significantly improved. Finally, the experiments highlight the effectiveness of our proposed task scheduling method.
Research on the Influence of Friction on the Determination of Rock Fracture Toughness
Authors: Xie Qin , Zeng Yuan , Li ShengXiang , Liu XiLing , Du Kun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The accurate determination of fracture toughness (KIc) in rock is of great significance to the study of rock fracture characteristics, the earthquake preparation process and the inversion of earthquake occurrence mechanism, especially for earthquakes induced by hydrocarbon extraction and shale gas mining. However, the effect of contact friction in the loading process on the test results of fracture toughness is rarely considered, and the tested KIc in previous studies is generally higher than the inherent KIc of the material. Based on the ABAQUS software, the influence of friction on the test results of KIc was investigated under different material elastic moduli, loading conditions and specimen sizes by the finite element analysis in this study. The results show that for the specimen with the cracked straight through Brazilian disc (CSTBD) configuration, contact friction has little effect on the test results of fracture toughness. For the specimen with the notch semi-circular bend (NSCB) configuration, if the presence of friction is considered, the changes of load level, the span of roller support and the specimen size can significantly affect the test results of fracture toughness, except the elastic modulus of the material; if the influence of friction is not considered, there will be a large deviation in the research results of the size effect of fracture toughness in rock.
Examination on factors affecting symptom change after drug withdrawal in patients with erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease undergoing symptom-controlled maintenance therapy with acid-secretion inhibition drugs
Authors: Tanaka Hironori , Takeuchi Toshihisa , Nishida Shinya , Hongo Hitosi , Takii Michiaki , Higashino Takeshi , Sanomura Makoto , Miyazaki Hirota , Hoshimoto Masahiro , Kimura Tsuguhiro , Sakaguchi Masahiro , Abe Takashi , Hakoda Akitoshi , Sugawara Noriaki , Iwatsubo Taro , Kawaguchi Shinpei , Ota Kazuhiro , Kojima Yuichi , Higuchi Kazuhide 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on maintenance therapy with acid-suppressive drugs, it is not clear what background factors allow patients to discontinue the drugs. The aim is to examine the relationship of the changes in the frequency and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms after discontinuation of acid-secretion inhibitors for erosive GERD (eGERD) with possible patient background factors, and to identify factors that influence these changes.Methods: This is a multicenter, open-label, interventional, exploratory study. eGERD patients with mild mucosal injury whose symptoms were under control and who were on maintenance therapy with acid-suppressive drugs were withdrawn from the drug treatment for 4 weeks. We examined the relationship of patient background (sex, age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking habits), esophageal hiatal hernia, H. pylori infection, pepsinogen I and II concentrations and I/II ratios, blood gastrin levels before and after drug discontinuation with total score change in Frequency Scale for the symptoms of GERD (FSSG) .Results: Of the 92 patients whose symptoms could be assessed before and after drug withdrawal, 66 patients (71.7% of the total) had FSSG <8 and no symptom relapse after withdrawal. Furthermore, patient background factors that may be related to symptom relapse/non-relapse were examined, but no related factors were detected. The maintenance medications before discontinuation in the above 92 patients were a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and vonoprazan (VPZ, a potassium ion competitive acid blocker). Since both drugs were administered to about the same number of patients though incidentally, we examined the relationship between patient background factors and symptom relapse/non-relapse by treatment group. As a result, no relevant background factors were detected in both groups. Although there were no significant differences between the two groups, the severity and frequency of symptom recurrence in the VPZ group tended to be higher than in the PPI group.Conclusions: Consideration of background factors is unlikely to be required in the discontinuation of maintenance therapy for eGERD. There was no significant difference in the extent of disease or frequency of recurrence during the discontinuation period, regardless of whether the drug before discontinuation was a PPI or VPZ.Trial registration: The study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000029957).
Perceptual effects of optogenetic stimulation of inferior temporal cortex: hallucination or distortion?
Authors: Azadi Reza , Bohn Simon , Lopez Emily , Lafer-Sousa Rosa , Wang Karen , Afraz Arash 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Local artificial stimulation in high level visual areas of the brain induces complex perceptual events. Anecdotal descriptions of these events fall into two broad categories: ‘hallucinations’, which add a consistent and specific pictorial element to the contents of perception, and ‘distortions’, which transform the ongoing visual perception. Distortions are not pictorially consistent as they vary based on the visual input. Systematic description of such characteristics of stimulation-induced perceptual events is a necessary step for understanding how neural activity gives rise to perception, and is also critical for development of visual prosthetic devices. Here, we implanted arrays of LEDs over inferior temporal cortices of macaque monkeys and trained them to detect and report short optogenetic impulses delivered to their cortices. In a series of experiments, we observed that the ability to detect cortical stimulation highly depends on the choice of images presented to the eyes and that detection of cortical stimulation is most difficult when the animal fixates on a blank screen. Local stimulation of object selective parts of the visual cortex is shown here to induce perceptual events that are easy to detect and contain a strong distortive component. The causal contribution of inferior temporal neurons to perception does not seem to be strongly predetermined, as it depends on the state of vision. These findings also open the door to expanding the scope of visual prosthetics beyond the primary visual cortex.
Extrachromosomal circular DNA harboring targeted tumor suppressor gene mutations supports intratumor heterogeneity in mouse liver cancer induced by multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Guo Tao , Chen Guoqiao , Li Xufan , Wang Meng , Yang Xiao-Ying , Liu Kun-Ming , Liu Si-Cheng , Feng Yi-Li , Liu Pengyuan , Lin Hui , Xie An-Yong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Primary liver cancer has significant intratumor genetic heterogeneity (IGH), which drives cancer evolution and prevents effective cancer treatment. CRISPR/Cas9-induced mouse liver cancer models can be used to elucidate how IGH is developed. However, as CRISPR/Cas9 could induce chromothripsis and extrachromosomal DNA in cells in addition to targeted mutations, we wondered whether this effect contributes to the development of IGH in CRISPR/Cas9-induced mouse liver cancer. Here, using this approach targeting 34 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), we efficiently induced autochthonous liver tumors in mice within 30-60 days. Analyses of CRISPR/Cas9-induced tumors and single-cell clones derived from tumor nodules revealed multiplexed and heterogeneous mutations at target sites. Many target sites frequently displayed more than two types of allelic variations with varying frequencies in single-cell clones, indicating increased copy number of these target sites. The types and frequencies of targeted TSG mutations continued to change at some target sites between single-cell clones and their subclones. Even the proliferation of a subclone in cell culture and in mouse subcutaneous graft altered the types and frequencies of targeted TSG mutations in the absence of continuing CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, indicating a new source outside primary chromosomes for the development of intratumor genetic heterogeneity (IGH) in these liver tumors. Karyotyping of tumor cells revealed genomic instability in these cells manifested by high levels of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations including chromosomal fragments and chromosomal breaks. Sequencing analysis further demonstrated the generation of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) harboring targeted TSG mutations in these tumor cells. These findings suggest an important contribution of eccDNA carrying TSG mutations to tumor evolution in mouse liver cancer induced by multiplexed CRISPR/Cas9.
Rapid Diagnosis of Malaria by Chemometric Peak-Free LIBS of Trace Biometals in Blood
Authors: Musioka Wayua Debrah , Kalambuka Angeyo Hudson , Alix Dehayem-Massop , Amiga Kaduki Kenneth 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) trace atomic species of diseased biofluids are very subtle (peak-free) in complex spectra. Trace analysis requires a considerable push in analytical strategy. Enabling LIBS with chemometrics can help identify, extract, analyze and interpret the species’ spectral signatures to give an insight on the biophysiological status of the bodies from which the biofluids originate.Methods: We report on the trace quantitative performance of peak-free LIBS enabled by chemometrics modeling using principal components analysis (PCA) for direct artificial neural network (ANN)–based analysis of Cu, Zn, Fe and Mg in plasmodium falciparum-infected blood in the context of rapid spectral diagnosis of malaria utilizing the biometals as the disease biomarkers. Only one standard is required in this method - to delineate the analyte spectral regions (feature selection) and to test for accuracy.Results: Based on the alteration of the biometal levels and their multivariate and correlational patterns in cultured blood, peripheral finger blood drops dried directly on Nucleopore membrane filters was accurately discriminated as either malaria-infected or healthy utilizing principal components analysis (PCA) modelling. Further the morphological evolution of plasmodium was accurately predicted using spectral features of the biometals wherein high negative correlations between Fe (-0.775) and Zn (-0.881) and high positive correlations between Cu (0.892) and Mg (0.805) with parasitemia was observed. During the first 96 hours of malaria infection Cu increases profoundly (from 328 to 1,999 ppb) while Fe, Zn and Mg decrease (from 1,206 to 674 ppb), (from 1,523 to 499 ppb) and (from 23,880 to 19,573 ppb) respectively. Compared with healthy, plasmodium falciparum-infected blood has high Cu but low levels of Fe, Zn and Mg. Cu and Zn are highly (³0.9) positively correlated while Fe and Cu as well as Zn and Cu are highly (³ 0.9) negatively correlated.Conclusion: Chemometric peak-free LIBS has demonstrated the potential for direct rapid malaria diagnostics in blood based on the levels, alterations and multivariate associations of analyzed trace biometals which are used as biomarkers of the disease.
Water-Air Exchanges In The Lower Estuary Of The Patos Lagoon: Seasonal Variability, Drivers, And Sources Of CO2
Authors: Albuquerque Cíntia , Kerr Rodrigo , Monteiro Thiago , Machado Eunice da Costa , Carvalho Andréa da Consolação de Oliveira , Mendes Carlos Rafael Borges 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We investigated the primary drivers of changes in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) together with the seasonal and interannual variability in the water-air net carbon dioxide flux (FCO2) in the lower estuarine zone surface waters of Patos Lagoon, the largest choked lagoon worldwide. Sampling occurred monthly during May 2017-June 2021 at the estuary’s inner inlet and mouth, which are contrasting hydrodynamic zones in the Patos Lagoon Estuary (PLE). The water pCO2 was mainly controlled by seasonal changes in total alkalinity and total dissolved inorganic carbon. The lower zone experienced periods of CO2 ingassing (austral summer/autumn) and CO2 outgassing (austral winter/spring). During summer/autumn, both protected and sea-exposed areas uptake an average of –15 mmol m−2 d−1 CO2, whereas during winter/spring, CO2 emissions prevail, reaching an average of 22 mmol m−2 d−1 at the inner estuary. Additionally, while much of the CO2 absorbed in summer/autumn is released to the atmosphere in the inner estuarine zone, the summer/autumn CO2 uptake in the estuary mouth is 4-fold higher than the winter/spring CO2 released. Unlike most estuarine systems, the PLE acted as a net CO2 sink of –2 mmol m−2 d−1 during the period investigated. The balance between CO2 uptake and emissions in the PLE was modulated by the combination of wind speed, freshwater discharge, water temperature, and outflow/inflow currents. Furthermore, phytoplankton blooms and strong wind-induced vertical mixing lead to highly variable CO2 exchanges. The highest estuarine CO2 concentration by autochthonous production indicates heterotrophy in estuarine waters. Part of this carbon produced in the estuary is exported to the coast, as evidenced by the high CO2 concentration in the estuary mouth. Therefore, the lower estuarine zone resists increased CO2 concentrations and has overcome regional anthropogenic emissions. The regional FCO2 range and complex PLE biogeochemistry dynamics need ongoing investigation to improve knowledge of regional CO2 exchanges and elucidate the role of large estuaries and coastal bays in the global carbon budget.
Skin barrier function alteration induced by noise and solvent exposure among aircraft maintenance workers
Authors: Chou Tzu-Chieh , Hsu Jing-Fang , Liu Yu-Hsiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose This study was aimed to investigate whether the single exposure of noise, solvent, and co-exposure of noise and solvents alter skin barrier functions. Methods Forty-four male airplane maintenance workers were recruited in this study in the middle of Taiwan. All subjects underwent skin barrier function tests, including basal transepidermal water loss (TEWL), basal water content (WC), skin barrier integrity, and skin barrier recovery. Results We found that organic solvent exposure affected the stratum corneum superficially and raised the basal TEWL (6.1 g/m2/h (SD 0.8 g/m2/h) vs. 4.6 g/m2/h (SD 0.6 g/m2/h) in the solvent exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)). In addition, noise exposure showed the increasing pattern of barrier integrity (78.8 (SD 9.2) vs. 48.9 (SD 13.8) in noise exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)) and decreasing pattern of 6h recovery (20.4% (SD 5.6%) vs. 43.6% (SD 11.5%) in noise exposure group and control group, respectively (p < 0.01)). Conclusion These results indicated that noise and solvent exposure might affect skin health or cause skin disorders among workers. Further study about the relationship between noise, solvent, and skin barrier function should point to potential mechanisms caused by stratum corneum exposures.
A Prognostic Necroptosis-Related lncRNA Signature to Predict the Immune Response and Drug Sensitivity of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Zhang Xintong , Lv Yue , Xiu Youcheng , Liu Zan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Necroptosis plays a key role in cancer treatment. Mounting evidence suggests that many kinds of drugs can promote necroptosis in various tumor cells. Patients with bladder cancer (BLCA), especially those with advanced stage cancer, have a short life span; thus, new drugs need to be developed urgently to improve the situation. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered regulatory targets for cancer, including BLCA. Therefore, we constructed a promising signature of lncRNAs related to necroptosis and further predicted the immune response and sensitivity of drugs. Methods: We downloaded the transcriptome and clinical data for BLCA from the Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA）. The expression network was constructed using coexpression analyses. Necroptosis related to lncRNAs (nrlncRNAs) was subsequently identified by univariate Cox regression. We then constructed the signature by performing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO) and evaluated it by Kaplan–Meier analysis, multivariate Cox regression, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC), nomogram, calibration curves, gene set enrichment analyses(GSEA), immune checkpoint, tumor microenvironment(TME), N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification genes, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) analysis in the risk groups. The set was then divided into two groups according to nrlncRNAs expression in the different types. Results: We analyzed the survival features and principal component analysis (PCA) between the two groups. A 11-nrlncRNAs (AC008750.1, AL133297.1, AC005479.1, AP003559.1, UBE2Q1-AS1, MIR100HG, LINC02709, AC005387.1, LINC00649, AC021321.1, ETV7-AS1) prognostic signature was constructed. There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the high-and low-risk groups (p < 0.001). The ROC curve exhibited the robust prognostic features of the signature. In addition, immune checkpoint analysis revealed that the expression of most of the immune genes in the high-risk group was higher than those in the low-risk group. FTO, ALKBH5, METTL3, and YTHDC1 were significantly different between the high-and low-risk groups in m6A regulators. The signature predicted different IC50 values to have statistical significance in high-and low-risk groups for multiple drugs, including cisplatin, docetaxel, gefitinib, and imatinib. Conclusions:In conclusion, our constructed signature may contribute to the prognosis of patients with BLCA as well as serve as clinical predictors of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.