bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Characterization of Type‐I Band Alignment in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskites
Authors: Zhong Xinjue , Ni Xiaojuan , Sidhik Siraj , Li Hong , Mohite Aditya D. , Brédas Jean‐Luc , Kahn Antoine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention due to their desirable optoelectronic properties, high chemical and structural tunability, and improved environmental stability. However, the understanding of their structure–properties relationships is still limited. In particular, the energy level positions and band alignments at interfaces involving these materials, which are important features to control in the context of any applications, are still under debate. Here, the electronic structure of high‐purity films of BA2MAn−1PbnI3n+1 for n = 1–5 (where BA stands for butylammonium and MA for methylammonium) is investigated, using optical absorption, ultraviolet, and inverse photoemission spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations. This study determines the ionization energy and electron affinity of each compound and demonstrates a type‐I band alignment for the BA2MAn−1PbnI3n+1 series. This study further describes the evolution of the exciton binding energy as a function of the thickness of the inorganic layers.
Realizing High Energy Conversion Efficiency in a Novel Segmented‐Mg3(Sb, Bi)2/Cubic‐GeTe Thermoelectric Module for Power Generation
Authors: Xu Congcong , Liang Zhongxin , Ren Wuyang , Song Shaowei , Zhang Fanghao , Ren Zhifeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe performance of thermoelectric materials has been improved considerably in recent decades, making the concept of generating energy from waste heat via solid‐state thermoelectric devices more realistic. The construction of multi‐stage modular structures based on complex parameter optimization to maximize the efficiency of each material over its optimal operating temperature range has become an effective strategy for improving device performance. Here, multi‐segmented n‐type Mg3(Sb, Bi)2 with low‐contact‐resistance buffer layers is first fabricated, and phase‐transition‐suppressed cubic p‐type GeTe with enhanced thermoelectric performance is subsequently designed to match the segmented n‐type legs. A 3D finite‐element analysis model is then used to optimize the module size, providing higher energy conversion efficiency with an optimal average figure of merit over the entire operating temperature range. As a result, the prepared segmented‐Mg3(Sb, Bi)2/cubic‐GeTe module exhibits a high conversion efficiency of (12.8 ± 0.8)% at a hot‐side temperature of 773 K with a temperature difference of ≈480 K, which is also comparable to that of previously reported thermoelectric modules. This study increases the number of matching combinations among n‐/p‐type thermoelectric materials and further broadens the potential candidate material library for segmented thermoelectric devices.
High‐Performance Flexible All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells with Reduced VOC‐Deficit in Wide‐Bandgap Subcell
Authors: Lai Huagui , Luo Jincheng , Zwirner Yannick , Olthof Selina , Wieczorek Alexander , Ye Fangyuan , Jeangros Quentin , Yin Xinxing , Akhundova Fatima , Ma Tianshu , He Rui , Kothandaraman Radha K. , Chin Xinyu , Gilshtein Evgeniia , Müller André , Wang Changlei , Thiesbrummel Jarla , Siol Sebastian , Prieto José Márquez , Unold Thomas , Stolterfoht Martin , Chen Cong , Tiwari Ayodhya N. , Zhao Dewei , Fu Fan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmong various types of perovskite‐based tandem solar cells (TSCs), all‐perovskite TSCs are of particular attractiveness for building‐ and vehicle‐integrated photovoltaics, or space energy areas as they can be fabricated on flexible and lightweight substrates with a very high power‐to‐weight ratio. However, the efficiency of flexible all‐perovskite tandems is lagging far behind their rigid counterparts primarily due to the challenges in developing efficient wide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells on the flexible substrates as well as their low open‐circuit voltage (VOC). Here, it is reported that the use of self‐assembled monolayers as hole‐selective contact effectively suppresses the interfacial recombination and allows the subsequent uniform growth of a 1.77 eV WBG perovskite with superior optoelectronic quality. In addition, a postdeposition treatment with 2‐thiopheneethylammonium chloride is employed to further suppress the bulk and interfacial recombination, boosting the VOC of the WBG top cell to 1.29 V. Based on this, the first proof‐of‐concept four‐terminal all‐perovskite flexible TSC with a power conversion efficiency of 22.6% is presented. When integrating into two‐terminal flexible tandems, 23.8% flexible all‐perovskite TSCs with a superior VOC of 2.1 V is achieved, which is on par with the VOC reported on the 28% all‐perovskite tandems grown on the rigid substrate.
Molecular Engineering Strategies toward Molybdenum Diselenide Design for Energy Storage and Conversion
Authors: Li Yihui , Wang Menglei , Sun Jingyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe development of graphene has readily accelerated the research progress on 2D materials. As a representative 2D family, transition metal dichalcogenides are widely used in the realms of energy storage and conversion. In particular, molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) has captured widespread interests owing to its unique physical and chemical properties and remarkable potential in energy applications. Nevertheless, typically, the electrochemical property of pristine MoSe2 does not meet the expectations, which necessitates the exploration and applications of proper modification strategies to achieve its full potential. Herein, several state‐of‐the‐art molecular engineering strategies are summarized, and their energy‐oriented applications are described. Furthermore, insightful information on the significance of molecular engineering methods in improving the electrochemical properties of MoSe2 and perspectives on the future developments of MoSe2 are presented. It is anticipated that the research community can use the information in this review to improve the electrochemical properties of MoSe2 targeting practical application scenarios.
Visible‐light‐driven α‐Oxidation of Amide C(sp3)−H Bonds to Imides via N‐Bromosuccinimide and Water
Authors: Chang Huan‐Huan , He Xing‐Xian , Zang Zhong‐Lin , Zhou Cheng‐He , Cai Gui‐Xin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn efficient, metal‐free oxidation method of the N‐ortho C(sp3)−H bond of amide via visible‐light irradiation has been developed. A broad range of imides can be facilely obtained at room temperature and this protocol is showcased in the gram‐scale synthesis. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process was involved and H2O offered the main oxygen source to achieve greener photochemical C(sp3)−H oxidation.
Combined, converted, and prophylactic use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta for severe torso trauma: a retrospective study
Authors: Irahara Takayuki , Oishi Dai , Tsuda Masanobu , Kajita Yuka , Mori Hisatake , Terashima Tsuguaki , Tanabe Subaru , Hattori Miyuki , Kuge Yuuji , Takeyama Naoshi 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionResuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is used as an intra‐aortic balloon occlusion in Japan; however, protocols for its effective use in different conditions have not been established. This study aimed to summarize the strategies of REBOA use in severe torso trauma.MethodsTwenty‐nine cases of REBOA for torso trauma treated at our hospital over 5 years were divided into hemodynamically unstable (HU) (n = 12), cardiac arrest (CA) (n = 13), and hemodynamically stable (HS) (n = 4) groups. We retrospectively examined patient characteristics, trauma mechanism, injury site, severity score, intervention type, and survival rates at 24 h in each group.ResultsIn the HU group, 9 and 3 patients survived and died within 24 h, respectively; time to intervention (56.6 versus 130.7 min, P = 0.346) tended to be shorter and total occlusion time (40.2 versus 337.7 min, P = 0.009) was significantly shorter in survivors than in nonsurvivors. In the CA group, 10 patients were converted from resuscitative thoracotomy with aortic cross‐clamp (RTACC); one patient survived. All four patients in the HS group survived, having received prophylactic REBOA.ConclusionThe efficacy of REBOA for severe torso trauma depends on the patient's condition. If the patients are hemodynamically unstable, time to intervention and total occlusion time could correlate with survival. The combined use of REBOA with definitive hemostasis could improve outcomes. Conversion from RTACC in the cardiac arrest patients and prophylactic use in the hemodynamically stable patients can be one of the potentially effective options, although further studies are needed.
Fluid resuscitation of at least 30 mL/kg was not associated with decreased mortality in patients with infection, signs of hypoperfusion, and a do‐not‐intubate order
Authors: Matsuda Wataru , Funato Yumi , Miyazaki Momoyo , Tomiyama Koichiro 
Published: October 2022

AimAdministration of at least 30 mL/kg of fluid as fluid resuscitation is recommended for patients with sepsis and signs of hypoperfusion. However, it is not clear whether this is appropriate for patients with a do‐not‐intubate (DNI) order. This study evaluated the association between volume of fluid resuscitation and outcomes in patients with infection, signs of hypoperfusion, and a DNI order in an emergency department.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. We classified the infected patients with signs of hypoperfusion and a DNI order seen in our emergency department between April 1, 2015 and November 31, 2020 into the standard fluid resuscitation group (≥30 mL/kg) and the restricted fluid resuscitation group (<30 mL/kg). We compared with in‐hospital mortality and the rate of discharge to home in two groups.ResultsOf 367 patients, 149 received standard fluid resuscitation and 218 received restricted fluid resuscitation. In‐hospital mortality was similar in each group (40/149 and 62/218, respectively). Standard fluid resuscitation was not associated with in‐hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–1.77, P = 0.86), but was associated with a significantly lower rate of discharge to home (aOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.30–0.98, P = 0.043). There was no significant difference in respiratory rate or need for oxygen therapy post‐resuscitation between the two groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that fluid resuscitation may be not beneficial for infected patients with signs of hypoperfusion and a DNI order. Further studies should be conducted on the options for resuscitation management for these patients.
Acute pancreatitis caused by duodenal bezoar and treated with endoscopic procedures
Authors: Suzuki Naoya , Furuya Ryosuke , Otsuka Tsuyoshi , Miyazaki Hiroshi , Okano Hiromu , Komatsu Tatsuji , Yamada Eiji , Yamaguchi Yuka 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis triggered by causative agents, including alcohol consumption, gallstones, dyslipidemia, drugs, and infection, is frequently addressed. However, reports of acute pancreatitis caused by duodenal bezoars are limited.Case PresentationA 75‐year‐old man experiencing abdominal pain and frequent vomiting was transferred to our hospital. His medical records presented history of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and gastric cancer surgery. Computed tomography of the abdomen indicated duodenal dilatation, enlarged pancreas, and fluid retention, with no bile duct stones present. Minor bleeding and duodenal bezoar were endoscopically detected with esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). He was diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis caused by a bezoar and admitted to the intensive care unit. The duodenal bezoar was dissected and removed with three repetitions of EGD, and the patient was discharged without any complications.ConclusionHerein, we report a case showing that endoscopic procedures could be effective treatment options in severe pancreatitis caused by duodenal bezoars.
Building Square Planar Cobalt (II) Complexes via Sodium Mediated Cobaltation of Fluoroarenes
Authors: Logallo Alessandra , Mu Manting , García‐Melchor Max , Hevia Eva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile cobalt complexes have already shown their potential for C−H and C−F bond activation of fluoroarenes, their reactivity as metalating agents via Co−H exchange towards these substrates has not been explored. Herein, we report a Co(HMDS)2 [HMDS=N(SiMe3)2] system which, when synergistically enhanced via sodium amide Na(HMDS) mediation, can render chemo‐ and regioselective cobaltation of a series of fluoroarenes to produce a new class of homoleptic square planar [Na2CoAr4] complexes. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the key roles of the Na/Co counterparts in a stepwise sodiation/cobalt transmetalation process, leading to this novel C−H metalation. Depending on the reaction stoichiometry, this process can occur inter‐ or intramolecularly, furnishing transient [NaCo(HMDS)2Ar] intermediates which can undergo ligand rearrangement to afford [Na2CoAr4] with concomitant formation of Co(HMDS)2 and [NaCo(HMDS)3].
Utilization of diamagnetic Zn(II) ion to boost the anisotropic nature of Ln(III) ion in heterodinuclear Zn(II)–Ln(III) single‐molecule magnets
Authors: Roy Soumalya , Shukla Pooja , Kumar Raman , Sahoo Subash Chandra , Pal Tapan K. , Rajput Amit , Klak Julia , Hada Masahiko , Vignesh Kuduva R. , Das Sourav 
Published: October 2022

A series of dimetallic ZnII–LnIII compounds of general formulae [LnZn(L)3(NO3)2]·2CH3OH (LnIII = DyIII (1), TbIII (2), GdIII(3)) was prepared by stepwise reaction of compartmental ligand LH = ((E)‐2‐((pyridin‐2‐ylmethylene)amino)phenol) with Ln (NO3)3·xH2O and Zn (NO3)2·xH2O in the presence of triethylamine as base. The single crystal XRD analysis indicated that both metallic ions are connected to each other through phenolic oxygen atom from fully deprotonated ligand. Based on the SHAPE analysis, the DyIII ion has nine coordination numbers with distorted spherical capped square antiprism geometry, while the ZnII ion has six coordination numbers with distorted octahedral geometry. DC magnetic studies reveal the existence of antiferromagnetic interaction between the ZnII and LnIII metal centers. AC magnetic studies reveal that the complex 1 show field‐induced single‐molecule magnet (SMM) properties with an effective energy barrier of 155 K under an applied dc field of 0.1 T, whereas complex 2 does not show SMM behavior. Furthermore, we conducted DFT and ab initio CASSCF + RASSI‐SO calculations to probe the single‐ion properties of Ln(III) ions and to understand the role of the diamagnetic ZnII ion in the magnetization relaxation in order to interpret the experimental observations. Ab initio calculations predict that the gz values are strongly axial in nature in the ground state of Dy(III) ion in complex 1 and that allows the magnetic relaxation to occur via excited states with a Ucal of 380.8 K. DFT calculations discovered that the presence of the diamagnetic Zn(II) ion causes greater negative charges on the bridging oxygen atoms, which enhances the anisotropy of Dy(III) ion and thus reduces the quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) effects, and helps to achieve better SMM features for 1.
E/Z reversible photoisomerization of methyl orange doped polyacrylic acid‐based polyelectrolyte brush films
Authors: Al‐Bataineh Qais M. , Telfah Ahmad D. , Ahmad Ahmad A. , Bani‐Salameh Areen A. , Abu‐Zurayk Rund , Hergenröder Roland 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe photoswitching behavior of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) doped by methyl orange (MO) brush film was investigated using spectral analysis of UV‐Vis absorbance, Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy, 2D electrical conductivity mapping and Atomic Force Microscopy. The kinetics and time evolution of the photoisomerization of the PAA‐MO PEBs film from E‐state to Z‐state by UV‐light irradiation, and reverse thermal relaxation to E‐state was explored. The results confirm that the photoisomerization kinetics of the overall peak is the superposition of the photoisomerization kinetics of transition, low‐ and high‐frequency of the transition bands. The E–Z transformation led to transforming the azobenzene from flat with no dipole moment to 3.0 D dipole moment. Hence, the electrical conductivity escalated accordingly. The transformation of E‐state to Z‐state led to the collapse of the formed brushes because of the angular rotational momentum consequent to E–Z isomerization.
Asymbiotic in vitro seed germination, in vitro seedling development, and ex vitro acclimatization of Spiranthes
Authors: Zale Peter J. , Clayton Ashley , Nix John , Taylor Matt 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPremiseReproducible seed propagation and production protocols were developed for Spiranthes and related taxa to facilitate ex situ conservation practices.Methods and ResultsSpiranthes seeds were scarified for 3‐ and 10‐min intervals in 10% sodium hypochlorite solution, then cultured on three seed germination media. After germination, seedlings were given one of the three photoperiod treatments, and then planted in one of four greenhouse substrates. Seed germination ranged from 0% to 90% and occurred on all three media only after the 3‐min scarification. Seedlings in the 24/0‐h light/dark and 16/8‐h light/dark photoperiods on P723 medium had significantly higher fresh weight than those in the dark treatment group. Ex vitro survival ranged from 55% to 95% across substrates.ConclusionsResults show that Spiranthes seeds are damaged by extended chemical scarification, are adaptable to a variety of culture media, and require light for optimal development. Further experimentation showed that the propagation protocols described here can be applied broadly within the genus.
Taxonomic revision of Chinemys pani (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the Pleistocene of Taiwan and its implications of conservation paleobiology
Authors: Liaw Yi‐Lu , Tsai Cheng‐Hsiu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProper taxonomic identification is critical to our understanding of biodiversity and the underlying evolutionary history. Here we re‐examine the cast of the holotype of Chinemys pani, a geoemydid turtle from the Pleistocene of Taiwan; the actual specimen was not curated appropriately after the original publication and was most likely lost. Our results provide substantial evidence to show that Chinemys pani should be identified as Mauremys reevesii. The replica, though not ideal, preserves various morphological features that allow reliable taxonomic identification of Mauremys reevesii, including the presence of three longitudinal keels on the carapace, the second to sixth neural bones anteriorly short‐sided, and the lack of a movable plastral hinge. In addition, we also confirm that the original diagnostic features that established the new taxon: Chinemys pani – are polymorphic characters of Mauremys reevesii. Our taxonomic revision of a Pleistocene geoemydid turtle from Taiwan confirms the existence of the Pleistocene Mauremys reevesii. More importantly, this study offers new insights into the origin of modern biodiversity in Taiwan and gives a straightforward example of how fossils can be applied to conservation policies.
Comparative gross anatomy of epicardiac ganglionated nerve plexi on the human and sheep cardiac ventricles
Authors: Saburkina Inga , Pauziene Neringa , Solomon On Itai , Rysevaite‐Kyguoliene Kristina , Pauza Dainius H. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the distribution and quantitative parameters of the epicardiac ventricular neural ganglionated plexus in the hearts of humans and sheep, highlighting the differences of this plexus in humans and large models. Five non‐sectioned pressure distended whole hearts of the human newborns and 10 hearts of newborn German black‐faced lambs were investigated applying a histochemical method for acetylcholinesterase to stain epicardiac neural structures with their subsequent stereomicroscopic examination. In humans, the ventricular nerves are spread by four epicardiac nerve subplexuses, that is, the left and right coronary as well as the left and middle dorsal. In sheep, the ventricular nerves are spread by five epicardiac nerve subplexuses, that is, the left and right coronary, the left and middle dorsal and the right ventral ones. The ventricular epicardium involved up to 129 ganglia in humans and up to 198—in sheep. The largest number of the ventricular ganglionic cells in humans were located on the ventral side, in front of the conus arteriosus, while on sheep ventricles, the most numerous neurons distributed on the dorsal wall of the left ventricle. This comparative study of the morphological patterns of the human and sheep ventricles demonstrates that the sheep heart is neuroanatomically distinct from the human one and this must be taking into consideration using the sheep model for the heart physiology experiments.
Young consumers' attitudes towards voluntary carbon offsetting
Authors: Haug Jon Ording , Hassinggaard Ivan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVoluntary carbon offsetting (VCO) programmes are an initiative to reduce global carbon emissions and are increasing in popularity among companies, despite controversies and debates regarding the effect of offsetting activities on carbon emissions. VCO has become an important aspect of the sustainability and marketing strategies of companies. Few studies have researched the consumer aspect of companies using carbon offsetting in marketing. This study explores the knowledge, attitudes and behavioural intentions of young Danish consumers towards carbon offsetting. Qualitative interviews with 25 young Danish consumers were conducted based on the theory of planned behaviour, which was used as a conceptual framework. The results of the study indicate that the young consumers have little knowledge of VCO and perceive the topic as complicated and difficult. This contributes to distrust and negative perceptions of carbon offsetting programmes. In conclusion, guidance for companies to communicate carbon offsetting programmes is provided.