bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar System Science with the Orbiting Astronomical Satellite Investigating Stellar Systems (OASIS) Observatory
Authors: Anderson Carrie M. , Biver Nicolas , Bjoraker Gordon L. , Cavalié Thibault , Chin Gordon , DiSanti Michael A. , Hartogh Paul , Tielens Alexander , Walker Christopher K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe overarching theme of the Orbiting Astronomical Satellite for Investigating Stellar Systems (OASIS), an Astrophysics MIDEX-class mission concept, is Following water from galaxies, through protostellar systems, to Earth’s oceans. The OASIS science objectives address fundamental questions raised in “Pathways to Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s (National Academies of Sciences and Medicine, Pathways to Discovery in Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s, 2021, https://doi.org/10.17226/26141, https://www.nap.edu/catalog/26141/pathways-to-discovery-in-astronomy-and-astrophysics-for-the-2020s)” and in “Enduring Quests and Daring Visions” (Kouveliotou et al. in Enduring quests-daring visions (NASA astrophysics in the next three decades), 2014, arXiv:1401.3741), in the areas of: 1) the Interstellar Medium and Planet Formation, 2) Exoplanets, Astrobiology, and the Solar System, and 3) Galaxies. The OASIS science objectives require space-borne observations of galaxies, molecular clouds, protoplanetary disks, and solar system objects utilizing a telescope with a collecting area that is only achievable by large apertures coupled with cryogenic heterodyne receivers. OASIS will deploy an innovative 14-meter inflatable reflector that enables >16× the sensitivity and >4× the angular resolution of Herschel, and complements the short wavelength capabilities of James Webb Space Telescope. The OASIS state-of-the-art cryogenic heterodyne receivers will enable high spectral resolution (resolving power $>10^{6}$
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) observations at terahertz (THz) frequencies. These frequencies encompass far-IR transitions of water and its isotopologues, HD, and other molecular species, from 660 to 63 μm that are otherwise obscured by Earth’s atmosphere. From observations of the ground state HD line, OASIS will directly measure gas mass in a wide variety of astrophysical objects. Over its one-year baseline mission, OASIS will find water sources as close as the Moon, to galaxies ∼4 billion light years away. This paper reviews the solar system science achievable and planned with OASIS.
Kurt Mislow centennial—he changed the way people think about stereochemistry
Authors: Hargittai Balazs , Hargittai Istvan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKurt Mislow (1923–2017) and his family were refugees from Nazi Germany. He studied at Tulane University and at Caltech and spent most of his career at Princeton University as Hugh Stott Taylor Professor of Chemistry (from 1988, Emeritus). He excelled in his research and his pedagogy of stereochemistry, introduced the term “chirality” into the chemical textbook literature, and delineated some of the theoretical underpinning of modern stereochemistry. He showed that shape, form, and symmetry play a central role in organic chemistry. He authored an introductory text on stereochemistry that has served generations. His pupils and those who learned from him through his publications carry on his legacy.
Irregular accesses reorder unit: improving GPGPU memory coalescing for graph-based workloads
Authors: Segura Albert , Arnau Jose Maria , Gonzalez Antonio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGPGPU architectures have become the dominant platform for massively parallel workloads, delivering high performance and energy efficiency for popular applications such as machine learning, computer vision or self-driving cars. However, irregular applications, such as graph processing, fail to fully exploit GPGPU resources due to their divergent memory accesses that saturate the memory hierarchy. To reduce the pressure on the memory subsystem for divergent memory-intensive applications, programmers must take into account SIMT execution model and memory coalescing in GPGPUs, devoting significant efforts in complex optimization techniques. Despite these efforts, we show that irregular graph processing still suffers from low GPGPU performance. We observe that in many irregular applications the mapping of data to threads can be safely changed. In other words, it is possible to relax the strict relationship between thread and data processed to reduce memory divergence. Based on this observation, we propose the Irregular accesses Reorder Unit (IRU), a novel hardware extension tightly integrated in the GPGPU pipeline. The IRU reorders data processed by the threads on irregular accesses to improve memory coalescing, i.e., it tries to assign data elements to threads as to produce coalesced accesses in SIMT groups. Furthermore, the IRU is capable of filtering and merging duplicated accesses, significantly reducing the workload. Programmers can easily utilize the IRU with a simple API, or let the compiler issue instructions from our extended ISA. We evaluate our proposal for state-of-the-art graph-based algorithms and a wide selection of applications. Results show that the IRU achieves a memory coalescing improvement of 1.32x and a 46% reduction in the overall traffic in the memory hierarchy, which results in 1.33x speedup and 13% energy savings on average, while incurring in a small 5.6% area overhead.
Stability and Sensitivity of Uncertain Linear Programs
Authors: Cánovas María J. , Parra Juan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present paper deals with uncertain linear optimization problems where the objective function coefficient vector belongs to a compact convex uncertainty set and the feasible set is described by a linear semi-infinite inequality system (finitely many variables and possibly infinitely many constrainsts), whose coefficients are also uncertain. Perturbations of both, the objective coefficient vector set and the constraint coefficient set, are measured by the Hausdorff metric. The paper is mainly concerned with analyzing the Lipschitz continuity of the optimal value function, as well as the lower and upper semicontinuity in the sense of Berge of the optimal set mapping. Inspired by Sion’s minimax theorem, a new concept of weak optimal solution set is introduced and analyzed.
Aging alters antiviral signaling pathways resulting in functional impairment in innate immunity in response to pattern recognition receptor agonists
Authors: Connors Jennifer , Taramangalam Bhavani , Cusimano Gina , Bell Matthew R. , Matt Stephanie M. , Runner Kaitlyn , Gaskill Peter J. , DeFilippis Victor , Nikolich-Žugich Janko , Kutzler Michele A. , Haddad Elias K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe progressive impairment of immunity to pathogens and vaccines with aging is a significant public health problem as the world population shifts to an increased percentage of older adults (> 65). We have previously demonstrated that cells obtained from older volunteers have delayed and defective induction of type I interferons and T cell and B cell helper cytokines in response to TLR ligands when compared to those from adult subjects. However, the underlying intracellular mechanisms are not well described. Herein, we studied two critical pathways important in the production of type I interferon (IFN), the interferon response factor 7 (pIRF7), and TANK-binding kinase (pTBK-1). We show a decrease in pIRF7 and pTBK-1 in cross-priming dendritic cells (cDC1s), CD4+T cell priming DCs (cDC2s), and CD14dimCD16+vascular patrolling monocytes from older adults (n = 11) following stimulation with pathway-specific agonists in comparison with young individuals (n = 11). The decrease in these key antiviral pathway proteins correlates with decreased phagocytosis, suggesting impaired function in Overall, our findings describe molecular mechanisms which explain the innate functional impairment in older adults and thus could inform us of novel approaches to restore these defects.Graphical abstract
Investigation of the landing dynamics of a reusable launch vehicle and derivation of dimension loading for the landing leg
Authors: Thies Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe EU has deemed it crucial to maintain its own independent access to space. To foster the European industry competitiveness, the cost of the European launch systems needs to be reduced and flexibility needs to be improved. The development of reusable launch vehicle (RLV) is currently changing the global market of space transportation systems and is promising immense cost savings. Within this context, MT Aerospace has been investigating the configurations and possible solutions for landing structures at touch-down in the European Funded H2020 project RETALT. This includes the down-selection of previous designs to the current configuration for RETALT1 (Marwege et al. in System definition report, 2022) and the corresponding architecture of the structural landing leg. A screening of the overall requirements down to driving parameters which have the most significant impact on the structural design is done. Landing events like “nominal” simultaneously four leg touch-down landings and critical single leg manoeuvres are analysed to evaluated safe configurations for landing. These investigations have a major influence on the specification of the launcher.
The Influence of Culture and Intercultural Contact on Neo-Racism and Ethnocentrism
Authors: Černigoj Adela 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEthnicity-based discrimination remains a persistent concern across the globe. A recent yet disparate literature focused on the role of cultural dimensions and intercultural contact in forming negative intergroup attitudes; however, these variables have yet to be included in a single study, so their unique effects cannot be estimated. Furthermore, although it is well documented that intercultural contact may reduce out-group discrimination, its influence on in-group favouritism remains relatively unexplored. The present study examines whether social dominance orientation (power distance), uncertainty avoidance, individualism/collectivism, and intercultural contact can predict neo-racism and ethnocentrism. Results from an online survey on Slovenian sample (N = 164) demonstrated that social dominance orientation was the best predictor of neo-racism and ethnocentrism, followed by intercultural contact. Findings indicate the importance of cultural context in shaping and modifying negative attitudes and increasing social tolerance. The implications for culturally-informed practices for preventing/reducing discrimination are outlined.
Formation damage simulation of a multi-fractured horizontal well in a tight gas/shale oil formation
Authors: Bui Dung , Nguyen Tan , Nguyen Thanh , Yoo Hyunsang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFormation damage in drilling comes from drilling fluid invasion due to high differential pressure between a wellbore and the formation. This mechanism happens with fracture fluid invasion of multi-fractured horizontal wells in tight formations. Some multi-fractured wells show production rates and cumulative productions far lower than expected. Those damaged wells may sustain further impact such as well shutting due to unexpected events such as the COVID-19 outbreak and then experience a further reduction in cumulative production. This paper focuses on the root causes of formation damage of fractured wells and provides possible solutions to improve production. A simulation study was conducted using Computer Modelling Group software to simulate formation damage due to fracture fluid invasion and well shut-in. Simulation results revealed that the decrease in cumulative hydrocarbon production due to leak-off and shut-in of the simulated well could range from 20 to 41%, depending on different conditions. The results showed that the main causes are high critical water saturation of tight formations, low drawdown, and low residual proppant permeability under formation closure stress. The sensitivity analysis suggests two feasible solutions to mitigate formation damage: optimizing drawdown during production and optimized proppant pack permeability of the hydraulic fracturing process. Optimizing pressure drawdown is effective in fixing leak-off damage, but it does not mitigate shut-in damage. Formation damage due to shut-in should be prevented in advance by using an appropriate proppant permeability. These key findings enhance productivity and improve the economics of tight gas and shale oil formations.
Numerical analyses of a reference wing for combination of hybrid laminar flow control and variable camber
Authors: Jentys Mauricio M. , Effing Tim , Breitsamter Christian , Stumpf Eike 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe objective of the LuFo VI-1 project CATeW (Coupled Aerodynamic Technologies for Aircraft Wings) consists in multifidelity analyses to assess the potential for aerodynamic efficiency increase by combined application of hybrid laminar flow control and variable camber technologies to the wing of a transonic transport aircraft. Individually, both technologies have proven to lead to major aerodynamic drag reductions. An evaluation of the coupled technologies is, therefore, expected to show an even higher potential due to synergy effects. To derive conclusions on system level, low-fidelity (LowFi) overall aircraft design methodologies will be applied for the analysis of a medium haul reference aircraft in the course of the project, while complex aerodynamic phenomena are modelled with high-fidelity (HiFi) computational fluid dynamics methods. The paper at hand presents results of aerodynamic analyses on both fidelity levels for the wing of the turbulent reference configuration CATeW-01, featuring the technology combination as a retrofit. Furthermore, this work encompasses adaptations and implementations performed within both the LowFi and HiFi toolchains. The LowFi toolchain already incorporates several modules for the proposed technology combination. A short presentation of the LowFi-toolchain is given, along with the modeling approach in the HiFi framework using mesh deformations and a mass flux boundary condition. Comparative studies of the turbulent flow field around the wing show good agreement of predicted load distributions in both numerical frameworks, studies based upon the HiFi approach attest the potential for efficiency increase due to the variable camber technology, incorporated by means of Adaptive Dropped Hinge Flap (ADHF) deflections. Considering the coupled application, four different constant suction mass flow rates are examined, where the maximum mass flow causes laminar flow extending over the entire suction panel, thus moving the transition location from the wing’s leading edge to the end of the suction panel. When being coupled with ADHF deflections, again the variable camber technology leads to a reduction of the wing’s pressure drag component with the simultaneous application of boundary layer suction further promoting drag reduction with increasing suction rate. While the combined application shows no mutual inhibition, major reciprocal effects are not directly observable when applying the combination as a retrofit to the reference configuration CATeW-01. This is mainly attributed to the limited extend of laminar flow, thus indicating the necessity for optimization in wing geometry and operating parameters, to achieve extensive areas of laminar flow and to promote the aspired synergy effects.
Improving Hydrocarbon Prospect Evaluation at Badr El Din-3 and Badr El Din-15 Oil Fields by Integrating 3D Structural Modeling and Petrophysical Analysis for Abu-Gharadig Basin, North of Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Taha Mohamed A. , Abdelhafeez Tharwat H. , El-hady Sherif M. , Nooh Ahmed Z. , Mohamed Waheed H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe BED-3 and BED-15 oil fields are situated in the northwestern portion of the Abu-Gharadig sedimentary basin. The Basin is an E–W trending intracratonic rift basin and ranges in age between the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous. Significant extension events, followed by subsidence, took place throughout the Middle Jurassic and continued to the Cretaceous. The relative movement of Africa toward Laurasia in the Jurassic changed from eastward to westward between the Early Cretaceous and the Santonian. Therefore, a compressive force due to the change in direction affected the African plate and gave rise to the reversal of basins (such as the Abu-Gharadig sedimentary basin). Inverted anticlines are important structural traps for hydrocarbons that were formed by the compressional forces acting on the Abu-Gharadig sedimentary basin. This study primarily focuses on understanding the BED-3 and BED-15 fileds' structural style, in addition to the subsurface structure that has participated in the petroleum accumulation in the Abu-Roash C Member (Abu-Roash Formation) in the oil fields, in order to maximize oil recovery in these two fields through new wells. The aim of this study was achieved based on information from 30 two-dimensional seismic profiles integrated with well log data from nine boreholes. The Abu-Roash C reservoir represented by two horizons, in addition to minor and major faults, are recognized and marked. Structural trend in the study area ranges from ESE–WNW to NW–SE, and structures consist of folds and faults, forming horsts, grabens, and half-grabens, all of which are favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. The petrophysical analysis performed on the BED3-8 well shows approximately 87.4% hydrocarbon saturation within the reservoir rock, while the hydrocarbon saturation of the available wells in BED-15 is calculated to vary between 56.1 and 78.8%. Hence, this study suggests that BED-3 and BED-15 oilfields have an excellent chance of producing hydrocarbons.
Performance and kinetic evaluation of the anaerobic digestion of olive pomace derived from a novel manufacturing process based on an olive cold-pressing system: influence of the fruit ripening level
Authors: Fernández-Rodríguez M. J. , Cubero-Cardoso J. , de la Lama-Calvente D. , Fernández-Prior A. , Rodríguez-Gutiérrez G. , Borja R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present research was to investigate the influence of the application of a novel cold-pressing system in olive oil manufacturing on the characteristics of olive pomace (OP) and on its valorization by anaerobic digestion (AD). Green olives and olives in veraison, both from the Picual variety, were used with the objective of assessing the effect of ripening level on the performance of the AD processes. The AD processes of these OPs were assessed in biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests. The maximum methane yield (327 ± 5 mL CH4/g VS) and biodegradability value (90.8%) were found for the OP derived from green olives without cold-pressing, which showed the highest soluble COD (113 g O2/L) and the lowest total phenolic concentration (9 g gallic acid/L). The first-order and Transference Function (TF) kinetic models were employed to evaluate the variation in methane production with time and to obtain the kinetic parameters of the anaerobic processes of the four OPs tested. The kinetic constant from the first-order model, k, did not show significant differences for the four OPs tested and ranged between 0.23 and 0.27 day−1. The TF revealed that the values for the maximum methane production rate (Rmax) were slightly higher for the OPs derived from green olives compared to those obtained from olives in veraison. For the green olives, the cold-pressing system caused a decrease in the value of Rmax from 87 ± 7 to 73 ± 6 mL CH4/(g VS·d).
Quasi-solvable lattice models for and Demazure atoms and characters
Authors: Buciumas Valentin , Scrimshaw Travis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We construct coloured lattice models whose partition functions represent symplectic and odd orthogonal Demazure characters and atoms. We show that our lattice models are not solvable, but we are able to show the existence of sufficiently many solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation that allow us to compute functional equations for the corresponding partition functions. From these functional equations, we determine that the partition function of our models are the Demazure atoms and characters for the symplectic and odd orthogonal Lie groups. We coin our lattice models as quasi-solvable. We use the natural bijection of admissible states in our models with Proctor patterns to give a right key algorithm for reverse King tableaux and Sundaram tableaux.
Spatio-temporal imaging of cell fate dynamics in single plant cells using luminescence microscope
Authors: Shimadzu Shunji , Furuya Tomoyuki , Ozawa Yasuko , Fukuda Hiroo , Kondo Yuki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Stem cell fates are spatio-temporally regulated during plant development. Time-lapse imaging of fluorescence reporters is the most widely used method for spatio-temporal analysis of biological processes. However, excitation light for imaging fluorescence reporters causes autofluorescence and photobleaching. Unlike fluorescence reporters, luminescence proteins do not require excitation light, and therefore offer an alternative reporter for long-term and quantitative spatio-temporal analysis. We established an imaging system for luciferase, which enabled monitoring cell fate marker dynamics during vascular development in a vascular cell induction system called VISUAL. Single cells expressing the cambium marker, proAtHB8:ELUC, had sharp luminescence peaks at different time points. Furthermore, dual-color luminescence imaging revealed spatio-temporal relationships between cells that differentiated into xylem or phloem, and cells that transitioned from procambium to cambium. This imaging system enables not only the detection of temporal gene expression, but also facilitates monitoring of spatio-temporal dynamics of cell identity transitions at the single cell level.
The elusive impact of L2 immersion on translation priming
Authors: Chaouch-Orozco Adel , González Alonso Jorge , Duñabeitia Jon Andoni , Rothman Jason 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA growing consensus sees the bilingual lexicon as an integrated, nonselective system. However, the way bilingual experience shapes the architecture and functioning of the lexicon is not well understood. This study investigates bilingual lexical-semantic representation and processing employing written translation priming. We focus on the role of active exposure to and use of the second language (L2)—primarily operationalized as immersion. We tested 200 highly proficient Spanish–English bilinguals in two groups differing in their societal language (immersed vs. nonimmersed) and amount of L2 use. L2 proficiency was controlled across participants, allowing us to disentangle its effects from those of L2 use. Overall, however, the immersion’s impact on our data was minimal. This suggests a ceiling effect for the influence of active L2 use on bilingual lexical functioning when L2 development is maximal. The present data provide relevant insights into the nature of the bilingual lexicon, informing developmental models.
The Status of ain't in Philadelphia African American English
Authors: Fisher Sabriya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates use of ain't in a corpus of naturalistic speech from forty-two African-American Philadelphians. Use of ain't in past/perfective contexts where it varies with didn't is considered a unique feature of AAE. This use is compared in apparent time to uses of ain't in tense-aspect environments shared with other English varieties. Results show that past/perfective uses of ain't increased during the twentieth century while use in other contexts remained stable, supporting the hypothesis that past/perfective uses resulted from recent change. Generalized linear models for ain't in past/perfective and other contexts show that sociostylistic and linguistic constraints are otherwise the same across contexts. Finally, evidence that a past/perfective use of ain't resulted from either the phonetic reduction of didn't or a shift in meaning from uses of ain't in anterior contexts is examined.