bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
German medical students´ views regarding artificial intelligence in medicine: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: McLennan Stuart , Meyer Andrea , Schreyer Korbinian , Buyx Alena 
Published: October 2022

Background
Medical students will likely be most impacted by the envisaged move to artificial intelligence (AI) driven digital medicine, and there is a need to better understand their views regarding the use of AI technology in medicine. This study aimed to explore German medical students´ views about AI in medicine.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in October 2019 with all new medical students at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and the Technical University Munich. This represented approximately 10% of all new medical students in Germany.

Results
A total of 844 medical students participated (91.9% response rate). Two thirds (64.4%) did not feel well informed about AI in medicine. Just over a half (57.4%) of students thought that AI has useful applications in medicine, particularly in drug research and development (82.5%), less so for clinical uses. Male students were more likely to agree with advantages of AI, and female participants were more likely to be concerned about disadvantages. The vast majority of students thought that when AI is used in medicine that it is important that there are legal rules regarding liability (97%) and oversight mechanisms (93.7%), that physicians should be consulted prior to implementation (96.8%), that developers should be able to explain to them the details of the algorithm (95.6%), that algorithms should use representative data (93.9%), and that patients should always be informed when AI is used (93.5%).

Conclusions
Medical schools and continuing medical education organisers need to promptly develop programs to ensure that clinicians are able to fully realize the potential of AI technology. It is also important that legal rules and oversight are implemented to ensure that future clinicians are not faced with a workplace where important issues around responsibility are not clearly regulated.
The Simple One-step stool processing method for detection of Pulmonary tuberculosis: A study protocol to assess the robustness, stool storage conditions and sampling strategy for global implementation and scale-up
Authors: de Haas Petra , Yenew Bazezew , Diriba Getu , Amare Misikir , Slyzkyi Andrii , Demissie Yohannes , Sherefdin Bihil , Bedru Ahmed , Mengesha Endale , Dememew Zewdu Gashu , Kebede Abebaw , Getahun Muluwork , Tiemersma Edine , Jerene Degu 
Published: October 2022

Background
The Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert-Ultra) assay provides timely results with good sensitivity and acceptable specificity with stool specimens in children for bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis (TB). This study aims to optimize the Simple One-Step (SOS) stool processing method for testing stool specimens using the Xpert-Ultra in children and adults in selected health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study is designed to assess the robustness of the SOS stool method, to help fine-tune the practical aspects of performing the test and to provide insights in stool storage conditions and sampling strategies before the method can be implemented and scaled in routine settings in Ethiopia as well as globally.

Methods and design
The project “painless optimized diagnosis of TB in Ethiopian children” (PODTEC) will be a cross sectional study where three key experiments will be carried out focusing on 1) sampling strategy to investigate if the Xpert-Ultra M. tuberculosis (MTB) -positivity rate depends on stool consistency, and if sensitivity can be increased by taking more than one stool specimen from the same participant, or doing multiple tests from the same stool specimen, 2) storage conditions to determine how long and at what temperature stool can be stored without losing sensitivity, and 3) optimization of sensitivity and robustness of the SOS stool processing method by varying stool processing steps, stool volume, and storage time and conditions of the stool-sample reagent mixture. Stool specimens will be collected from participants (children and adults) who are either sputum or naso-gastric aspiration (NGA) and/or stool Xpert-Ultra MTB positive depending on the experiment. Stool specimens from these participants, recruited from 22 sites for an ongoing related study, will be utilized for the PODTEC experiments. The sample size is estimated to be 50 participants. We will use EpiData for data entry and Stata for data analysis purposes. The main analyses will include computing the loss or gain in the Xpert-Ultra MTB positivity rate and rates of non-determinate Xpert-Ultra test results per experiment compared to the Xpert-Ultra MTB result of stool processed according to the published standard operating procedures for SOS stool processing. The differences in the MTB positivity rate by regarding testing more than one sample per child, and using different storage, and processing conditions, will be also compared to the baseline (on-site) Xpert-Ultra result.
Raising the bar for patient experience during care transitions in Canada: A repeated cross-sectional survey evaluating a patient-oriented discharge summary at Ontario hospitals
Authors: Okrainec Karen , Chaput Audrey , Rac Valeria E. , Tomlinson George , Matelski John , Robson Mark , Troup Amy , Krahn Murray , Hahn-Goldberg Shoshana 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPatient experience when transitioning home from hospital is an important quality metric linked to improved patient outcomes. We evaluated the impact of a hospital-based care transition intervention, patient-oriented discharge summary (PODS), on patient experience across Ontario acute care hospitals.MethodsWe used a repeated cross-sectional study design to compare yearly positive (top-box) responses to four questions centered on discharge communication from the Canadian Patient Experience Survey (2016–2020) among three hospital cohorts with various levels of PODS implementation. Generalized Estimating Equations using a binomial likelihood accounting for site level clustering was used to assess continuous linear time trends among cohorts and cohort differences during the post-implementation period. This research had oversight from a public advisory group of patient and caregiver partners from across the province.Results512,288 individual responses were included. Compared to non-implementation hospitals, hospitals with full implementation (>50% discharges) reported higher odds for having discussed the help needed when leaving hospital (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.02–1.37) and having received information in writing about what symptoms to look out for (OR = 1.44, 95% = 1.17–1.78) post-implementation. The linear time trend was also significant when comparing hospitals with full versus no implementation for having received information in writing about what symptoms to look out for (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01–1.09).InterpretationPODS implementation was associated with higher odds of positive patient experience, particularly for questions focused on discharge planning. Further efforts should center on discharge management, specifically: understanding of medications and what to do if worried once home.
Colon inflammatory index as a useful prognostic marker after R0 resection in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis
Authors: Ishii Mitsutoshi , Tominaga Tetsuro , Nonaka Takashi , Oyama Shosaburo , Moriyama Masaaki , Maruyama Keizaburo , Sawai Terumitsu , Nagayasu Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

Background
Although R0 resection for colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) is a promising treatment with improved prognosis, the recurrence rate is still high. No prognostic markers have been reported after resection of CRLM. In this study, we investigated the association between inflammation-based score and prognosis after R0 resection in patients with CRLM.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated 90 patients who underwent R0 resection for CRLM between 2008 and 2018. We calculated colon inflammatory index (CII) (CII0, low risk; CII1, intermediate risk; and CII2, high risk), modified Glasgow prognostic score, prognostic nutritional index, and CRP-to-albumin ratio; and retrospectively assessed the relationship between these scores, the clinicopathological features, and prognosis.

Results
The median follow-up period was 44 months (range, 2–101 months). Five-year relapse-free survival (RFS) (CII2; 12.5%, CII1; 14.5%, CII0; 42.9%) and 5-year overall survival (OS) (CII2; 32.4%, CII1; 25.4%, CII0; 57.7%) were significantly lower in the high CII groups (CII1–2) compared with the low CII group (CII0) (p = 0.021 and p = 0.006, respectively). CEA level was significantly higher in the high CII group than the low CII group (12.4 vs 7.3, p = 0.004). Multivariate analysis showed CII score as an independent predictor of RFS (hazard ratio 2.128, 95%CI 1.147–3.430, p = 0.015) and OS (hazard ratio 2.639, 95%CI 1.331–5.323, p = 0.005).

Conclusion
CII shows promise as a prognostic marker after R0 liver resection in patients with CRLM.
People with COPD have greater participation restrictions than age-matched older adults without respiratory conditions assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: O’Hoski Sachi , Kuspinar Ayse , Wald Joshua , Richardson Julie , Goldstein Roger , Beauchamp Marla K. 
Published: October 2022

Background
Participation restriction has detrimental effects for older adults but it is unknown how participation differs for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to older adults of the same age without respiratory conditions. We compared scores on the Late Life Disability Instrument (LLDI) between people with COPD (study group) and a random sample of older adults (control group).

Methods
Participants with COPD (study group) were recruited from two hospitals in Ontario and age- and sex-matched with a ratio of 1:2 with participants from a random sample of community-dwelling older adults who did not report having respiratory conditions (control group). The study group completed the LLDI prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and the control group completed the LLDI at the end of the first wave of the pandemic. LLDI frequency and limitation scores were compared between groups using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests.

Results
Forty-six study group participants (mean age 74.2 (SD 5.5) years) and 92 control group participants (mean age 74.4 (SD 5.4) years) were included. Fifty-four percent of the participants were female. The majority of the study group had severe COPD (median forced expiratory volume in one second of 34.5 (25th-75th percentile 27.0–56.0) % predicted). LLDI sores were lower for the study group compared to the control group for both the frequency (median difference -5.4 points, p<0.001) and limitation (median difference -7.6 points, p<0.001) domains. The personal subscale demonstrated the largest magnitude of difference between groups (median difference -13.4 points) and the social subscale demonstrated the smallest magnitude of difference (-5.2 points).

Conclusion
People with COPD had greater participation restrictions than a random sample of older adults without ongoing respiratory conditions. The differences seen in participation between the two groups may have been reduced due to temporal confounding from the COVID-19 pandemic. While participation is relevant to all older adults, our results suggest that it is especially important that it be assessed in those with COPD.
Evaluation of right ventricular function during liver transplantation with transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Gouvêa Glauber , Feiner John , Joshi Sonali , Diaz Rodrigo , Manso Jose Eduardo Ferreira , Assad Alexandra Rezende , Cavalcanti Ismar Lima , Salgado-Filho Marcello Fonseca , Pereira Aline D’Avila , Verçosa Nubia 
Published: October 2022

Background
The pathophysiology of advanced liver cirrhosis may induce alterations in the circulatory system that may be challenging for the anesthesiologist to manage intraoperatively, and perioperative cardiovascular events are associated with worse outcomes in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver transplantation. It remains controversial whether right ventricular function is impaired during this procedure. Studies using transesophageal echocardiography for quantitative analysis of the right ventricle remain scarce in this setting, yielding conflicting results. The aim of this study was to perform a quantitative assessment of right ventricular function with two parameters derived from transesophageal echocardiography during liver transplantation.

Methods
Nineteen adult patients of both genders undergoing liver transplantation were evaluated in this observational study. The exclusion criteria were age under 18 or above 65 years old, fulminant hepatic failure, hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, cardiopulmonary disease, and contraindications to the transesophageal echocardiogram. Right ventricular function was assessed at five stages during liver transplantation: baseline, hepatectomy, anhepatic, postreperfusion, and closure by measuring tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion and right ventricular fractional area change obtained with transesophageal echocardiography.

Results
Right ventricular function was found to be normal throughout the procedure. The tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion showed a trend toward a decrease in the anhepatic phase compared to baseline (2.0 ± 0.9 cm vs. 2.4 ± 0.7 cm; P = 0.24) but with full recovery after reperfusion. Right ventricular fractional area change remained nearly constant during all stages studied (minimum: 50% ± 10 at baseline and anhepatic phase; maximum: 56% ± 12 at postreperfusion; P = 0.24).

Conclusions
Right ventricular function was preserved during liver transplantation at the time points evaluated by two quantitative parameters derived from transesophageal echocardiogram.
Informal caregivers and assistive technology in Norwegian nursing homes
Authors: Anker-Hansen Camilla , Grøndahl Vigdis Abrahamsen , Helgesen Ann Karin , Fagerli Liv Berit , Rummelhoff Guri , Bååth Carina , Halvorsrud Liv 
Published: October 2022

AimTo explore informal caregivers’ experiences and perspectives concerning assistive technology (AT) in two nursing homes, through the conceptual lens of person-centredness.BackgroundThe integration and use of AT and a person-centred approach to care are political intentions within healthcare services, both internationally and in Norway. In nursing homes, informal caregivers are often collaborators with the staff, and can be important partners concerning the implementation of AT in a person-centred way. However, there is little knowledge about the informal caregivers’ perspectives on the use of AT in nursing homes, or of whether or how they are included in the integration and use of AT.MethodsThe study had a qualitative design and comprised eleven informal caregivers of residents in two nursing homes in Norway. In-depth interviews were used for data collection. The data were analysed using content analysis. COREQ reporting guidelines were applied to ensure comprehensive reporting.ResultsEmerging themes highlighted the slow-going transition from old to new technology, and how the informal caregivers experienced that AT both promoted and degraded the dignity of their family members. Informal caregivers were positive to the use of technology, but have sparse knowledge and information about ATs in the nursing homes. They express a desire for AT to increase activity and safety, which promotes dignity, quality of life, and quality of the care for their family member. The informal caregivers want their family member to be seen, heard, and to get assistance on their own terms, even with regard to technology.ConclusionBefore AT can be implemented, informal caregivers need to be informed and listened to and included in the processes. Through their stories, one can form an idea of how important a person-centred approach is to contributing to individually tailored and introduced AT in collaboration with the informal caregivers.
Atmospheric evaporative demand and water deficit on the ecophysiology of Rubber seedlings
Authors: Machado Costa Erilva , Macedo Pezzopane José Eduardo , Dan Tatagiba Sandro , Miranda Teixeira Xavier Talita , De Souza Nóia Júnior Rogério , Daniel Salgado Pifano  , Nair de Carvalho Jullyanna 
Published: October 2022

The search for genetic materials resistant to adverse weather conditions has been a major focus in studies on species of economic interest. The objective of the present study was to assess the growth and photosynthesis of rubber seedlings clones under two conditions of atmospheric evaporative demand, characterized by fluctuations in temperature (TEMP) and vapor pressure deficit (VPD), associated to two water regimens. Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg (RRIM 600 and FX 3864) clones were assessed in two microclimates, at low (TEMP 21.2 ºC and VPD 0.29 Kpa) and high (TEMP 26.9 ºC and VPD 1.49 Kpa) atmospheric evaporative demand, under two water regimens: water deficit and well-watered. Water deficit 50% water availability was sufficient to reduce the net CO2 assimilation rate, leaf area and total chlorophyll of the clones studied that impacted growth in both microclimates. The effects of water deficit on growth and net carbon assimilation rate were intensified under high atmospheric evaporative demand. However, when comparing the two clones studied, RRIM 600 showed greater growth and photosynthesis without water restriction. The FX 3864 clone, despite the high CO2 assimilation values under high atmospheric demand and without water restriction, showed a reduced growth. The results of this study form an important basis for the selection of genotypes with the potential to develop in adverse climatic conditions. In this sense, the RRIM 600 genotype is recommended as a promising material that would best adapt under adverse climatic conditions.
Geografia e agroecologia
Authors: Heimbach Samuel da Silva , Almeida Rosemeire Aparecida de 
Published: October 2022

Durante o período de pandemia da Covid-19 e do isolamento social, os agricultores do projeto de reforma agrária 20 de Março tiveram que adaptar a forma de comercialização de seus produtos para que fosse possível a continuidade do projeto de extensão Feira Agroecológica, que era realizado presencialmente na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul/Campus de Três Lagoas. Em março de 2020, com a suspensão das atividades presencias na Universidade, a estratégia encontrada para manter a comercialização foi o sistema de vendas online e entregas à domicilio. Objetiva-se, portanto, apresentar os caminhos desta ação, analisando como se deu a espacialização do consumo de produtos agroecológicos no tecido urbano de Três Lagoas – MS no período pandêmico. Apesar da comoção social que marcou este momento sanitário trágico na história do país, os agricultores-assentados, e a equipe do projeto de extensão da UFMS/Campus de Três Lagoas, mantiveram-se ativos na realização de atividades que contribuíram para o êxito da espacialização do consumo urbano e de manutenção da renda dos agricultores, investindo em ações de cunho educativo agroecológico sobre a identidade de consumidor-apoiador, o consumo consciente e a importância da reforma agrária.

Palavras-chave: Feira Agroecológica. Covid-19. Espacialização. Consumo Consciente. Reforma Agrária.
Notes from the Editors, October 2022
Authors: Editors - 
Published: October 2022

buy this issue
This year is the fiftieth anniversary of The Limits of Growth, one of the most influential, and also controversial, environmental studies ever written. No other environmental work of the 1970s offered such a direct challenge to the underlying assumptions of capitalist neoclassical growth economics, or was responded to so vehemently by establishment thinkers.
Non-pluripolar energy and the complex Monge–Ampère operator
Authors: Andersson Mats , Witt Nyström David , Wulcan Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGiven a domainΩ⊂ℂn{\Omega\subset{\mathbb{C}}^{n}}we introduce a class of plurisubharmonic (psh) functions𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}and Monge–Ampère operatorsu↦[d⁢dc⁢u]p{u\mapsto[dd^{c}u]^{p}},p≤n{p\leq n}, on𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}that extend the Bedford–Taylor–Demailly Monge–Ampère operators. Here[d⁢dc⁢u]p{[dd^{c}u]^{p}}is a closed positive current of bidegree(p,p){(p,p)}that dominates the non-pluripolar Monge–Ampère current〈d⁢dc⁢u〉p{\langle dd^{c}u\rangle^{p}}. We prove that[d⁢dc⁢u]p{[dd^{c}u]^{p}}is the limit of Monge–Ampère currents of certain natural regularizations ofu.On a compact Kähler manifold(X,ω){(X,\omega)}we introduce a notion of non-pluripolar energy and a corresponding finite energy class𝒢⁢(X,ω)⊂PSH⁡(X,ω){{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)\subset\operatorname{PSH}(X,\omega)}that is a global version of the class𝒢⁢(Ω){{\mathcal{G}}(\Omega)}. From the local construction we get global Monge–Ampère currents[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]p{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{p}}forφ∈𝒢⁢(X,ω){\varphi\in{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)}that only depend on the currentd⁢dc⁢φ+ω{dd^{c}\varphi+\omega}. The limits of Monge–Ampère currents of certain natural regularizations of φ can be expressed in terms of[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]j{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{j}}forj≤p{j\leq p}. We get a mass formula involving the currents[d⁢dc⁢φ+ω]p{[dd^{c}\varphi+\omega]^{p}}that describes the loss of mass of the non-pluripolar Monge–Ampère measure〈d⁢dc⁢φ+ω〉n{\langle dd^{c}\varphi+\omega\rangle^{n}}. The class𝒢⁢(X,ω){{\mathcal{G}}(X,\omega)}includes ω-psh functions with analytic singularities and the classℰ⁢(X,ω){{\mathcal{E}}(X,\omega)}of ω-psh functions of finite energy and certain other convex energy classes, although it is not convex itself.
The Luwic inflection of proper names, the Hittite dative-locative of i- and iia̯ -stems, and the Proto-Anatolian allative
Authors: Norbruis Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article establishes the inflection of proper names in Luwian and Lycian, which differs from appellative inflection in all oblique cases. It is argued that the locative, genitive and ablative were reshaped after the pattern of the ā-stems, which were the most frequent type in names. The characteristic dative *-Vi̯o, however, was generalised from the i-stems, whose type had become restricted to names, especially personal names, after the PD i-stems had been generalised in the appellatives. The origin in the i-stems appears from Hittite, which has a corresponding ending in i- and ii̯a-stems. In Hittite, the ending can be traced back further to the use of the allative in dat.-loc. function to circumvent the unfortunate combination of a stem in *‑i‑ with the dat.-loc. ending *-i. The Luwic data can now be used to determine the character of the PAnat. allative, which must have been *-o on account of Lyc. -e. Since Anatolian shows a vigorous allative that is presupposed by petrified remnants such as *pr-o ‘forward’ in other IE languages, the allative provides an additional argument for the Indo-Anatolian hypothesis.
Sobre el origen de la escansión larga de la sílaba reduplicada de ἵημι
Authors: Jiménez Delgado José Miguel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The reduplicated present ἵημι exhibits an alternating scansion of the reduplication syllable. The iota tends to be long in Attic but short in Homer and in other dialects. Martin Peters explained the long iota as the result of a compensatory lengthening after the loss of laryngeals, i.e. *Hi-Hi̯eh₁- > hīēmi. The short variant would have appeared by analogy with other reduplicated presents such as δίδωμι, ἵστημι, and τίθημι. This implies that the Attic long scansion is an archaism. The purpose of this paper is to show that Peters’ scenario is highly improbable and that the long iota is more likely due to levelling after the conflation of another present *ϝῑ́εμαι with ἵημι’s middle forms.