bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming and extending library services by embracing technology and collaborations: A case study
Authors: Wheeler Terrie R. , Delgado Diana , Albert Paul J. , Ben Maamar Sarah , Oxley Peter R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTechnology advances and collaborations with information technology and computer science groups have enabled library services to expand into new domains. Listening to user needs, eliminating administrative burden and saving users time remain strong foundations on which to build new library services enabled by technology. Examples of what is now possible is described, including service to user groups, successes, failures and challenges. Although technology advances have enabled library service enhancements to all user groups, special emphasis on new library services in support of the research enterprise is discussed. As Lindberg and Humphreys predicted in 2015, the research enterprise's need for responsible curation of research data has created new opportunities for library services and examples of those services are discussed. As technology continues to advance, new library services are expected to emerge. These may include regulatory and compliance services. By developing these services with user feedback to save users time and expedite their work, and in collaboration with technology experts, libraries can expect to offer sustainable and valued services for years to come.
A unique profile of insulin antibody titer in islet‐transplanted patients
Authors: Keidai Yamato , Fujikura Junji , Nakamura Toshihiro , Anazawa Takayuki , Ito Ryo , Ogura Masahito , Hatano Etsuro , Inagaki Nobuya 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTInsulin antibodies (IAs) can cause glycemic variability. Islet transplantation (ITx) is a treatment for insulin‐deficient diabetes that aims to establish on‐target glycemic control in the absence of hypoglycemia. To date, there has not been a detailed case study of the association between ITx and IA levels. In this study, we identified a unique profile of IA titers, which differed from glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titers, in four ITx patients. IA levels decreased with intensified immunosuppressive therapy, whereas glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies increased transiently after ITx. These data suggest the possibility that IAs, unlike other islet autoantibodies, were eliminated due to immunosuppression after transplantation therapy. The disappearance of IAs, as well as the restoration of regulated insulin secretion after ITx, might have a positive effect on glycemic control in recipients with diabetes. Furthermore, this unique feature is suggestive of immunological pathogenesis and has implications for the treatment of IA‐causing disease conditions.
Influence of time, temperature, and UV light on stability and degradation kinetics of fortificants in sattu beverage during storage
Authors: Sharma Alok , Mazumdar Bidyut , Keshav Amit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe stability and degradation of fortificants in beverages has been stated as major hurdle in fortification. The fortificants tend to degrade during the storage and cause quality loss in beverages. The sattu beverage fortified with rutin‐loaded pectin nanoparticles (RLPN) and riboflavin was evaluated for the stability and kinetics of degradation of fortificants. The loading stability of fortificant was determined to evaluate the stability of the RLPN. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed the loading of rutin over pectin nanoparticles. The turbidity, cloudiness, and turbidity loss rate were also determined at an interval of 7 days during 56 days of storage. The turbidity and cloudiness of the beverage increased during storage while the fortification was helpful to maintain the turbidity loss rate. The degradation kinetics and half‐life of RLPN and riboflavin were calculated for the same period. The range of rate constant of RLPN and riboflavin were 5.12 × 10−2 to 6.11 × 10−2 s−1 and 2.76 × 10−2 to 4.73 × 10−2 s−1, respectively. The study on the effect of UV light showed that the stability of riboflavin was complemented by RLPN (RLPN was found to be self‐stable). The color analysis of fortified beverage samples showed that the UV light did not have significant effect on the stability and degradation of fortificants. The addition of RLPN in sattu beverage was found to enhance the stability of riboflavin. The data obtained from this research work can be used to scale‐up the processing of fortified sattu beverage to commercial scale.Practical applicationThe sustainability of fortificants is easily affected by different parameters (time and temperature) applied during food processing. The present study deals with the challenges encountered during processing and storage of fortified beverage. The temperature and time period applied in this study are commonly used for beverages and drinks. The study of kinetics can help to understand the degradation and loss behavior of fortificants in fortified beverage at commercial or industrial scale. The study also helps to understand the mechanism behind the appearance (turbidity, cloudiness, turbidity loss ratio, and color) change in fortified beverages during storage. The knowledge obtained from this research might be helpful in developing fortified sattu beverage in industry.
Colonoscopy decreases mortality in colorectal cancer patients compared with fecal immunochemical test
Authors: Sung Soo‐Yoon , Choi Hyun Ho , Kim Sukil , Park Bo Ram , Kim Young Ki , Kim Hyung‐Keun , Cho Young‐Seok , Kim Sang Woo , Kim Sung Soo , Chae Hiun‐Suk 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimColonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) are commonly used screening methods for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), but their effects on survival have not been compared. We compared survival outcomes in patients with CRC according to the exposure history to colonoscopy or FIT before diagnosis of CRC.MethodsWe performed a nationwide population‐based retrospective cohort study using Korean national‐insurance claims data. In total, 24 875 patients with CRC diagnosed in 2012 were included. The patients were divided into three groups in terms of examinations performed during the 10 years prior to CRC diagnosis: the colonoscopy group, the FIT group, and the never‐screened group. Survival outcomes were compared among the three groups. The colonoscopy group and FIT group were matched using propensity score‐matching method.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 9619 patients in the colonoscopy group, 6936 patients in the FIT group, and 8320 patients in the never‐screened group. The 5‐year overall survival rates were 74.1% in the colonoscopy group, 65.9% in the FIT group, and 59.6% in the never‐screened group (P < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratios for death were 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53–0.59) in the colonoscopy group and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74–0.82) in the FIT group compared with the never‐screened group. In the matched cohort, the adjusted hazard ratios for death was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72–0.81) in the colonoscopy group compared with the FIT group.ConclusionColonoscopy is a more effective method for reducing mortality in patients with CRC compared with FIT.
Effectiveness of cognitive interventions for adult surgical patients after general anaesthesia to improve cognitive functioning: A systematic review
Authors: Bowden Tracey , Hurt Catherine S. , Sanders Julie , Aitken Leanne M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the effectiveness of cognitive interventions after general anaesthesia to improve cognitive functioning.BackgroundThe number of surgical procedures performed worldwide is large and growing. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common complication associated with poor postoperative outcomes. A variety of cognitive interventions have been developed to maintain or improve cognitive function in one or more cognitive domains. Cognitive interventions have shown to be effective in healthy older populations, those with mild cognitive impairment, and those with heart failure. The impact of cognitive interventions in surgical patients after general anaesthesia is a relatively new focus of research and is therefore less well established.MethodsSeven bibliographic databases were searched in relation to ‘surgery’ and ‘cognitive interventions’; no date or language limits were imposed. Studies including adult patients who were scheduled for, or who had undergone surgery under general anaesthesia, had a baseline cognitive assessment using a validated measurement, and had engaged with any cognition‐based intervention were included. Full‐text review for inclusion, quality assessment and data extraction were undertaken independently by two authors. This study is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.ResultsA total of 550 papers were identified for possible inclusion, of which nine met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The majority were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) (n = 6 [66.7%]). Four studies used computerised cognitive interventions, while five used traditional cognitive interventions. Most of the studies used multi‐domain cognitive training focusing on two or more domains (n = 7 [77.8%]) while two studies used single‐domain cognitive training. Memory (n = 7 [77.8%]) and attention (n = 5 [55.6%]) were the cognitive domains most often targeted during the intervention.ConclusionsThe use of cognitive interventions demonstrated some efficacy in improving cognitive function after general anaesthesia, particularly those targeting memory.Relevance for clinical practiceThe findings of this review suggest that cognitive interventions show promise at improving cognitive performance in patients with POCD and could be usefully implemented in clinical practice to improve patient outcomes.
Comparison of incidence of medial meniscal injury in small dogs (≤15 kg) and medium‐to‐large dogs (>15 kg) with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: 580 stifles (2015 ‐ 2019)
Authors: Colthurst S. M. M. , Simcock J. O. , Cashmore R. G. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate whether a difference exists in incidence of medial meniscal tears between small (≤15 kg) and medium‐to‐large (>15 kg) dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease.Materials and MethodsRecords were retrospectively reviewed to identify the incidence of medial meniscal tears in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy. Degree of cruciate insufficiency, method of identification (arthroscopy or arthrotomy), tibial plateau angle, weight and signalment were recorded. A two‐proportion z‐test with clustering adjustment was used to compare the meniscal tear rate between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the effects of variables on medial meniscal tears.ResultsSeventy‐six stifles in 67 small dogs and 504 stifles in 384 medium‐to‐large dogs were included. The rate of meniscal injury at index surgery was 38.2% in small dogs and 36.7% in medium‐to‐large dogs. The subsequent meniscal tear rate was 1.3% in small dogs and 8% in medium‐to‐large dogs. The difference in meniscal tear rate was not statistically significant at either index surgery or subsequently. Degree of cruciate ligament insufficiency and use of arthroscopy were significantly associated with medial meniscal tears at index surgery. No variables were significantly associated with subsequent medial meniscal tears.Clinical SignificanceNo significant difference exists in medial meniscal tear rate between small and medium‐to‐large dogs either at index surgery or subsequently. The index of suspicion of concurrent medial meniscal tears should be higher in dogs with complete tear of the cranial cruciate ligament but a partial tear does not preclude meniscal pathology.
Transforming everyday experience: Transformative learning, disorienting dilemmas and Honneth's theory of recognition
Authors: Fleming Ted 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAxel Honneth's theory of recognition outlines the personal and social contexts of family, law and community solidarities in which recognition – and misrecognitions – are experienced. His work has implications for Mezirow's theory of transformative learning. Transformative learning is critiqued for an over dependence on the Dewey/Habermas foundations that demand high levels of rationality and for an over reliance on individual learning to the exclusion of social learning. Honneth's ideas are explored in order to further develop the understanding of how experience is central to transformative learning. Disorienting dilemmas and the perplexities that lead to transformative learning are reinterpreted as experiences that have personal and social dimensions. Experience – often seen as individual and unique ‐ cannot be disconnected from social contexts. Honneth helps us resolve these issues and allows us to re‐interpret transformative learning as the transformation of experience. Finally, two further concepts are introduced: a) the dialectic nature of experience (Negt); and b) the importance of completeness (Negt). These further enhance the experiential grounding for emancipation and the emancipatory project of transformative learning.
Automated system of tubular filtration for rotifer production
Authors: Kuo Cheng‐Yuan , Chang Co‐Chih , Biao Chun‐I , Yang Cheng‐Hua , Chen Tzong‐Yueh , Shen Sheng‐Chih 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study developed an automated filtration system for a selected rotifer, Brachionus ibericus. This system is controlled by a programmable logic controller, and it enables the high‐density cultivation of marine rotifers and the selection of rotifers for palatability. We tested seven mesh sizes (300, 200, 100, 50, 20, 5, and 1 μm) for commercial 10‐inch (25.4‐cm) stainless steel tubular filters in the proposed system, after which we selected the optimal mesh size for filtering impurities, separating rotifers, eliminating wastewater, and minimizing the rotifer loss rate. The results indicated that a combination of the 5‐ and 200‐μm meshes produced optimal filtration efficiency. After every 120 s of filtration followed by a 30‐s flushing process, a rotifer density of 3170 ± 101 individuals/ml, a mesh blocking loss rate of 4.95 ± 3.62%, and impurity‐free rotifer volume of 45.18 ± 1.2 L were obtained. Our study verified that tubular filters can be used in commercial aquaculture.
Detecting cracks in concrete structures with the baseline model of the visual characteristics of images
Authors: Liu Yang , Gao Mingxin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA method based on the baseline model of the visual characteristics of images (BMVCI) is proposed to detect cracks in concrete structures. BMVCI refers to the model, which consists of images of the noncrack areas of a concrete structure with cracks or images of the noncrack state of a concrete structure. Compared with the performance of edge detection (ED) methods for detecting cracks in concrete structures, this baseline model expands the quasi‐distance between the edges of cracks and the image background; thus, the crack detection accuracy is effectively improved. Additionally, the discriminative threshold of cracks is quantitatively determined with BMVCI, which avoids the influence of artificial interference when determining the abovementioned threshold used for ED methods. Meanwhile, compared with the methods based on artificial intelligence, such as deep learning (DL), the calculating efficiency of the proposed method is higher because the proposed method converts the high‐dimensional image data into low‐dimensional digital features for training. With the same small size set of training samples, the accuracy of the crack detection of the proposed method is higher than that of the methods based on the framework of DL. In this study, Gaussian convolution is applied to generate the visual characteristics of images, and then a kernel principal component analysis‐based method is implemented to establish the BMVCI. The basic idea of novelty detection is applied to detect cracks in concrete structures. Finally, an experiment on concrete structures is designed and applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Butterfly Fragment in Wedge‐Shaped Femoral Shaft Fracture: Comparison of Two Different Surgical Methods
Authors: Tsai Yuan‐Hsin , Wang Teng‐Kuan , Lee Pei‐Yuan , Chen Chih‐Hui 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveOur study compared the results of wedge‐shaped femoral shaft fracture following intramedullary (IM) nailing with or without fixation of the third fragment.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients presenting with femoral shaft fracture with AO/OTA type 32‐B from 2011 to 2016. Patients were divided into two groups: closed reduction without touching the third fragment and open reduction with fixation of the third fragment. The fragment ratio, fragment length, nail size, dynamization or not, mRUST scores, union rate, and union time were compared between the two groups. Risk factors of non‐union were also investigated, including sex, age, fracture pattern, fracture location, dynamization, nail size, fragment ratio, fragment size, and postoperative fragment displacement.ResultsA total of 80 patients met inclusion criteria, 20 patients with wedge‐shaped shaft femoral fracture were managed with IM nailing and open reduction with fixation of the third fragment. Sixty patients were treated with IM nail without touching the third fragment. The union rate for the fixation and non‐fixation groups were 60.0% and 81.7%, respectively. The mean union time for the fixation group was 19 months vs 14 months for the non‐fixation group. Multi‐regression analysis showed larger nail size (odds ratio: 2.26) and fixation of the third fragment (odds ratio: 0.18) influenced fracture healing.ConclusionsFixation of the third fragment in wedge‐shaped shaft femoral fracture results in a longer union time and lower union rate. In the management of femoral fracture with a third fragment, a larger nail size is recommended and fixation should be performed in a closed manner. Fixation of the fragment may achieve better fracture reduction. However, disruption of the vasculature and surrounding structures may further result in nonunion of the fracture site.
Profit sharing, industrial upgrading, and global supply chains: Theory and evidence
Authors: Liu Xiao Jie , Liu Haiyue , Liu Shi Yi , Shen Jim Huangnan , Lee Chien‐Chiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research constructs a simple model to illustrate the global supply‐chain (GSC) profit sharing and industrial upgrading mechanism, finding that the average profitability distribution in the different supply‐chain stages is determined by three main conditions: (1) the average product of the labor in the firms at each production stage; (2) the production complexity level of each production stage in the chain; and (3) the ratio of the output elasticity of capital to the output elasticity of labor in each stage. This study also proposes a new industrial upgrading mechanism, the “smile‐curve‐driven supply‐chain upgrading,” for supply‐chain firms. Increases in production complexity and level of factor intensity in each production stage are found to be the two essential conditions for the smile‐curve‐driven supply‐chain upgrading. Our static and dynamic panel empirical models, including robustness checks, are both broadly consistent with the theoretical predictions of this paper.
Active stewardship in healthcare: Lessons from China's health policy reforms
Authors: He Alex Jingwei , Bali Azad Singh , Ramesh M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGovernments across the globe have made repeated attempts to reform their health systems in recent decades with the purpose of improving access while containing costs. What is the role of government in contemporary health policy in achieving these somewhat contradictory goals? This paper conceptualises this role as one of “active stewardship” wherein the government is a central actor steering and coordinating the sector through a portfolio of diverse policy tools. In this conceptualisation, the government is not a passive participant—in merely financing, delivering, or regulating the sector—but a steersman at the helm that sets policy objectives and actively pursues them. We argue that active stewardship is central to achieving contemporary health policy priorities of universal healthcare. We apply this conceptualisation to China's recent healthcare forms and show that the role of the government in governing the sector has changed substantially over time, particularly since 2009, and the changes are showing promising results. China's experience suggests that governments need to more actively guide and shape the behaviour of both public and private players in order to achieve the goals of universal health coverage. It also suggests that a high degree of policy capacity is essential if active stewardship is to be effective.
Voting on gun rights: Mapping the electoral scope of the pro‐gun constituency in America
Authors: Tatalovich Raymond , Haider‐Markel Donald P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveAlthough it is clear that gun issues often shape the electoral preferences of some voters and the electoral success of some candidates, there has been little effort to examine the factors that shape electoral outcomes in direct democracy contests involving gun rights.MethodsWe use weighted ordinary least squares analysis of county‐level data to predict where support for gun rights will be higher. The data include demographic and political variables and are based on a universe of 515 counties drawn from eight states that held direct democracy elections on virtually identical measures solidifying the “right to bear arms.”ResultsAlthough all of these measures passed, our analysis suggests that support for these measures is higher in counties that had more support for Republican presidential candidates, an older population, and fewer non‐white residents. Support was lower in counties with higher education, more women, and greater population density.ConclusionWe conclude that the partisan and urban/rural divide on gun rights drives electoral results in these direct democracy contests.
An analysis of early volume resuscitation and the association with prolonged mechanical ventilation
Authors: Schauer Steven G. , April Michael D. , Fisher Andrew D. , Bynum James , Hill Ronnie , Gillespie Kevin R. , Chung Kevin K. , Borgman Matthew A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have found that intravenous fluid administration within the first 24 h may be associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). We examined the association between initial 24 h fluids and PMV in combat casualties.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a previously described dataset from the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (DODTR). We included casualties with at least 24 h on the ventilator and no significant traumatic brain injury. The definition of PMV and associations were constructed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsWe identified 1508 casualties available for analysis for this study – 1275 in the non‐PMV cohort (<9 days on ventilator vs. 233 in the PMV cohort (≥9 days on ventilator). Explosives comprised the most common mechanism of injury for both groups (72% vs. 75%) followed by firearms (21% vs. 16%). The composite injury severity score (ISS) was lower in the non‐PMV cohort (18 vs. 30, p < .001). There were lower volumes of all resuscitation fluid within the first 24 h in the non‐PMV cohort. When adjusting for composite ISS and mechanism of injury in a multivariable logistic regression model with PMV as the outcome, crystalloid volume (unit odds ratio [UOR] 1.07) and colloid volume (UOR 1.03) were both associated with PMV.ConclusionsWe found that volume of resuscitation fluids were substantially higher in the PMV cohort. Our findings suggest the need for caution with the routine use of crystalloid and colloid in the first 24 h of resuscitation.