bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calycosin represses AIM2 inflammasome‐mediated inflammation and pyroptosis to attenuate monosodium urate‐induced gouty arthritis through NF‐κB and p62‐Keap1 pathways
Authors: Tian Jing , Zhou Dapeng , Xiang Liangbi , Xie Bing , Wang Baichuan , Li Yang , Liu Xinwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGouty arthritis is an inflammatory disease induced by monosodium urate (MSU), and is closely related to the activation of inflammasomes. Calycosin plays an anti‐inflammatory role in arthritis. This study explored the mechanism of Calycosin in MSU‐induced gouty arthritis. MSU‐induced gouty arthritis mouse models with or without treatment of Calycosin were established, and physiological and pathological indicators were determined. Similarly, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and THP‐1 macrophages were used in vitro. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was tested. The degree of centrifugal infiltration was detected by immunofluorescence. ELISA and quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction were conducted to determine the levels of inflammatory factors. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were utilized to detect the content of caspase‐1. Protein expressions of NF‐κB‐, p62‐Keap1 pathway‐, and pyroptosis‐related factors were examined by western blot. In MSU‐induced mouse models, calycosin increased mechanical hyperalgesia but decreased the swelling index of the mouse knee joint in a time‐dependent manner. MSU treatment increased inflammatory cells and LysM‐eGFP+ neutrophils recruitment in vivo, and promoted the LDH content in vitro, and meanwhile, calycosin reversed the aforementioned effects of MSU. In addition, calycosin repressed the release of inflammatory factors, promoted p62 level and diminished the levels of AIM2, caspase‐1, ASC, IL‐1β, Keap1, Cleaved GSDMD, and Cleaved caspase‐1 and phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα in MSU‐induced mouse or cell models. Furthermore, AIM2 silencing also inhibited MSU‐induced inflammation and pyroptosis. Collectively, calycosin may inhibit AIM2 inflammasomes‐mediated inflammation and pyroptosis through NF‐κB and p62‐Keap1 pathways, ultimately playing a protective role in gouty arthritis.
Estimation of breeding population size using DNA‐based pedigree reconstruction in brown bears
Authors: Shimozuru Michito , Jimbo Mina , Adachi Keisuke , Kawamura Kei , Shirane Yuri , Umemura Yoshihiro , Ishinazaka Tsuyoshi , Nakanishi Masanao , Kiyonari Mayu , Yamanaka Masami , Amagai Yukihiro , Ijuin Ayaho , Sakiyama Tomoki , Kasai Shinsuke , Nose Takane , Shirayanagi Masataka , Tsuruga Hifumi , Mano Tsutomu , Tsubota Toshio , Fukasawa Keita , Uno Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRobust estimates of demographic parameters are critical for effective wildlife conservation and management but are difficult to obtain for elusive species. We estimated the breeding and adult population sizes, as well as the minimum population size, in a high‐density brown bear population on the Shiretoko Peninsula, in Hokkaido, Japan, using DNA‐based pedigree reconstruction. A total of 1288 individuals, collected in and around the Shiretoko Peninsula between 1998 and 2020, were genotyped at 21 microsatellite loci. Among them, 499 individuals were identified by intensive genetic sampling conducted in two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) mainly by noninvasive methods (e.g., hair and fecal DNA). Among them, both parents were assigned for 330 bears, and either maternity or paternity was assigned to 47 and 76 individuals, respectively. The subsequent pedigree reconstruction indicated a range of breeding and adult (≥4 years old) population sizes: 128–173 for female breeders and 66–91 male breeders, and 155–200 for female adults and 84–109 male adults. The minimum population size was estimated to be 449 (252 females and 197 males) in 2019. Long‐term continuous genetic sampling prior to a short‐term intensive survey would enable parentage to be identified in a population with a high probability, thus enabling reliable estimates of breeding population size for elusive species.
Research progress on habitat connectivity in coastal waters: A review
Authors: Gao Shike , Yu Wenwen , Li Zhen , Zhang Shuo , Fu Kang , Wang Nuo , Gu Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEcological connectivity, as a research method related to spatial ecology and conservation biology, has attracted increasing attention from researchers at home and abroad in recent years. Habitat connectivity, as a key link in ecological connectivity, is of great significance to promote coastal ecological restoration and protection. However, there has been less systematic research about habitat connectivity due to lack of corresponding theories and practices. Therefore, this paper discusses habitat connectivity from three aspects: (1) the concept of habitat connectivity is introduced and clarified; (2) the application of connectivity in artificial habitat and adjacent waters and its relationship with biodiversity conservation are reviewed and illustrated with examples; and (3) the future development trends of this research direction are summarized and prospected in order to provide a scientific basis and useful reference for the related work of coastal restoration projects in China. Generally, this paper argues that an increase in human behaviour irreversibly destroys the connectivity between marine habitats and threatens the spatial and temporal scales of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Therefore, the theoretical research results and practical experience of ecological connectivity should be fully applied to marine ecosystems, and the restoration of degraded ecosystems should be encouraged and supported in ways that promote natural recovery.
Habitat response of adult fish species under the influence of ecological flow and hydrodynamic regime in perennial river system
Authors: Baruah Anupal , Barman Diganta , B M Arjun , Chyne Bajitborlang L. , Kurbah Shanbor , Aggarwal Shiv P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe escalating anthropogenic activities in recent decades are constantly affecting the aquatic ecology and posing a threat to freshwater species. In this study, a two‐dimensional ecohydraulic model and multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) coupled framework is employed in the Dikhow River, India, to investigate the favourable habitat condition for the nearly threatened Notopterus chitala fish locally known as Chital fish. The habitat residence suitability and habitat suitability indices are calculated at the observed and ecological flows. The ecological flow rates are computed from flow duration curve shifting and flow duration curve analysis methods. The hydrodynamic computations are carried out using a 1D‐2D coupled MIKE FLOOD model. The habitat assessment of the targeted species is carried out by constructing the suitability curves from the computed hydraulic parameters at different environmental management conditions. Results from the habitat assessment curves indicate that the maximum habitat suitability index is found for the targeted fish species at average annual flow. Based on the MCDA analysis, the outer banks of the meander zones are identified as not suitable residence regions for the target species. This study revealed that the coupled approach could be useful to regulate the stream restoration strategies and identify potential habitat preference locations in the domain.
Sex‐based differences in referral of heart failure patients to outpatient clinics: a scoping review
Authors: Chan Elizabeth , Rooprai Jasjit , Rodger Jillian , Visintini Sarah , Rodger Norvinda , Philip Shona , Mielniczuk Lisa , Sun Louise Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines recommend that hospitalized patients newly diagnosed with HF be referred to an outpatient HF clinic (HFC) within 2 weeks of discharge. Our study aims were (i) to assess the current literary landscape on the impact of patient sex on HFC referral and outcomes and (ii) to provide a qualitative overview of possible considerations for the impact of sex on referral patterns and HF characteristics including aetiology, symptom severity, investigations undertaken and pharmacologic therapy.Methods and resultsWe conducted a scoping review using the Arksey and O'Malley framework and searched Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, Ageline databases and grey literature. Eligible articles included index HF hospitalizations or presentations to the Emergency Department (ED), a description of the HFC referral of patients not previously followed by an HF specialist and sex‐specific analysis. Of the 11 372 potential studies, 8 met the inclusion criteria. These studies reported on a total of 11 484 participants, with sample sizes ranging between 168 and 3909 (25.6%–50.7% female). The included studies were divided into two groups: (i) those outlining the referral process to an HFC and (ii) studies which include patients newly enrolled in an HFC. Of the studies in Group 1, males (51%–82.4%) were more frequently referred to an HFC compared with females (29%–78.1%). Studies in Group 2 enrolled a higher proportion of males (62%–74% vs. 26%–38%). One study identified independent predictors of HFC referral which included male sex, younger age, and the presence of systolic dysfunction, the latter two more often found in males. Two studies, one from each group reported a higher mortality amongst males compared with females, whereas another study from Group 2 reported a higher hospitalization rate amongst females following HFC assessment.ConclusionsMales were more likely than females to be referred to HFCs after hospitalization and visits to the Emergency Department, however heterogeneity across studies precluded a robust assessment of sex‐based differences in outcomes. This highlights the need for more comprehensive longitudinal data on HF patients discharged from the acute care setting to better understand the role of sex on patient outcomes.
Protection and Transformation of Natural Products within Aqueous Metal‐Organic Cages
Authors: Cruz‐Nava Sofía , de Jesús Valencia‐Loza Sergio , Percástegui Edmundo G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNatural products are central to the organic synthesis field and attract immense interest due to their biological activity and wide industrial use. However, many suffer from poor aqueous solubility, instability under certain conditions, or bear complex composition, limiting their investigation and derivatization. Metal–organic cages (MOCs) are promising molecular receptors to solubilize in water, preserve, or transform natural products. This contribution features examples of MOCs that encapsulate naturally occurring compounds and synthetic congeners in aqueous media, protecting them from photodegradation or hydrolysis. We highlight cases of cages used as molecular vessels to promote chemical conversion and derivatization of natural substances. This review aims to provide an overview of the possibilities of using MOCs to bring about new properties and reactivity on natural products, offering methodological insights into cage operation for enhancing their activity and the engineering of further aqueous applications involving natural compounds, synthetic derivatives, and biomolecules.
Continuum of sensory profiles in diabetes mellitus patients with and without neuropathy and pain
Authors: Raputova Jana , Rajdova Aneta , Vollert Jan , Srotova Iva , Rebhorn Cora , Üçeyler Nurcan , Birklein Frank , Sommer Claudia , Vlckova Eva , Bednarik Josef 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative sensory testing (QST) assesses the functional integrity of small and large nerve fibre afferents and central somatosensory pathways; QST was assumed to provide insight into the mechanisms of neuropathy. We analysed QST profiles and phenotypes in patients with diabetes mellitus to study whether these could differentiate patients with and without pain and neuropathy.MethodsA standardized QST protocol was performed and ‘loss and gain of function’ abnormalities were analysed in four groups of subjects: diabetic patients with painful (pDSPN; n = 220) and non‐painful distal symmetric polyneuropathy (nDSPN; n = 219), diabetic patients without neuropathy (DM; n = 23) and healthy non‐diabetic subjects (n = 37). Based on the QST findings, diabetic subjects were further stratified into four predefined prototypic phenotypes: sensory loss (SL), thermal hyperalgesia (TH), mechanical hyperalgesia (MH) and healthy individuals.ResultsPatients in the pDSPN group showed the greatest hyposensitivity (‘loss of function’), and DM patients showed the lowest, with statistically significant increases in thermal, thermal pain, mechanical and mechanical pain sensory thresholds. Accordingly, the frequency of the SL phenotype was significantly higher in the pDSPN subgroup (41.8%), than expected (p < 0.0042). The proportion of ‘gain of function’ abnormalities was low in both pDSPN and nDSPN patients without significant differences.ConclusionsThere is a continuum in the sensory profiles of diabetic patients, with a more pronounced sensory loss in pDSPN group probably reflecting somatosensory nerve fibre degeneration. An analysis of ‘gain of function’ abnormalities (allodynia, hyperalgesia) did not offer a key to understanding the pathophysiology of spontaneous diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.SignificanceThis article, using quantitative sensory testing profiles in large cohorts of diabetic patients with and without polyneuropathy and pain, presents a continuum in the sensory profiles of diabetic patients, with more pronounced ‘loss of function’ abnormalities in painful polyneuropathy patients. Painful diabetic polyneuropathy probably represents a ‘more progressed’ type of neuropathy with more pronounced somatosensory nerve fibre degeneration. The proportion of ‘gain of function’ sensory abnormalities was low, and these offer limited understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of spontaneous neuropathic pain.
Effect of magnesium supplementation on pregnancy outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus patients: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qu Qiuchan , Rong Rong , Yu Jinhua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConflicting evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of magnesium supplementation during pregnancy in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients. This meta‐analysis examines the effect of magnesium on glycemic indices and metabolic status in GDM. We searched databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted, and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of four RCTs were considered eligible for the analysis. Outcome parameters included markers for glycemic control and metabolic status. A total of four RCTs with 198 participants (control = 99; magnesium supplemented = 99) were selected for the analysis. Magnesium supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in markers of glycemic control—fasting plasma glucose (standard mean difference () = −0.83; 95% CI: [−1.13, –0.54]; p‐value <.0001), and insulin levels ( = −0.95; 95% CI: [−1.38, −0.52]; p‐value <.0001). Also, Mg intake resulted in altered oxidative stress markers TAC ( = 1.09; 95% CI: [0.10, 2.07]; p‐value = .03) of the pregnant women. No significant effect on GSH and CRP levels was observed. This study provides evidence of the positive effects of magnesium intervention on insulin sensitivity and oxidative stress in GDM patients.
The early adolescent brain on music: Analysis of functional dynamics reveals engagement of orbitofrontal cortex reward system
Authors: Fasano Maria Celeste , Cabral Joana , Stevner Angus , Vuust Peter , Cantou Pauline , Brattico Elvira , Kringelbach Morten L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMusic listening plays a pivotal role for children and adolescents, yet it remains unclear how music modulates brain activity at the level of functional networks in this young population. Analysing the dynamics of brain networks occurring and dissolving over time in response to music can provide a better understanding of the neural underpinning of music listening. We collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 17 preadolescents aged 10–11 years while listening to two similar music pieces separated by periods without music. We subsequently tracked the occurrence of functional brain networks over the recording time using a recent method that detects recurrent patterns of phase‐locking in the fMRI signals: the leading eigenvector dynamics analysis (LEiDA). The probabilities of occurrence and switching profiles of different functional networks were compared between periods of music and no music. Our results showed significantly increased occurrence of a specific functional network during the two music pieces compared to no music, involving the medial orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortices—a brain subsystem associated to reward processing. Moreover, the higher the musical reward sensitivity of the preadolescents, the more this network was preceded by a pattern involving the insula. Our findings highlight the involvement of a brain subsystem associated with hedonic and emotional processing during music listening in the early adolescent brain. These results offer novel insight into the neural underpinnings of musical reward in early adolescence, improving our understanding of the important role and the potential benefits of music at this delicate age.
The impact of infectious disease prevention behavior on quality of life: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Wang Fei , Ge Pu , Li Danyang , Cai Lin , Li Xialei , Sun Xinying , Wu Yibo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of infectious disease prevention behavior on quality of life, and to investigate the mediating role of self‐efficacy and the moderating role of family structure.MethodsA total of 3015 subjects were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling.ResultsInfectious disease prevention behavior had a significant positive predictive effect on the quality of life (β = 0.08,p < 0.001), The self‐efficacy of family members had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and quality of life (β = 0.01,p < 0.001). Compared to nuclear family, conjugal family (β = 0.05,p < 0.001) and single‐parent family (β = 0.04, p < 0.01) could regulate the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and the quality of life, stem family (β = −1.53,p < 0.05), conjugal family (β = 1.63,p < 0.05), and collective family (β = −1.37,p < 0.05) could regulate the relationship between infectious disease prevention behavior and self‐efficacy, conjugal family (β = 0.00,p < 0.001) could regulate the relationship between self‐efficacy and quality of life.ConclusionInfectious disease prevention behavior can affect the quality of life through self‐efficacy. Different family structures play a regulatory role in different paths, and a regulatory mediation model is established.
Epstein–Barrvirus‐associated leiomyosarcoma of the larynx in an adult patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Jin Jian‐Di , Chen Zhe , Cao Zai‐Zai , Zhou Shui‐Hong , Zhang Xiu‐Ming , Yao Hong‐Tian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of laryngeal leiomyosarcoma (LLMS) and Epstein–Barr virus‐associated (EBV‐associated) LMS. We report a case of EBV‐associated LLMS in an adult patient with HIV infection. We also conducted a review of the English‐language literature on LLMS and EBV‐associated leiomyosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, 62 cases of LLMS and EBV‐associated leiomyosarcoma have been reported to date. Of patients with LLS, 18.9% had distant metastases and 17.0% had local recurrence. The overall 5‐year survival rate was 64.0%. Distant metastases affected the survival of patients with LLMS (p = 0.04). EBV‐positive patients had a low survival rate (p = 0.01). Among patients with EBV‐associated LMS, 8.2% had distant metastases and recurrence and the overall 5‐year survival rate was 50.0%. EBV‐associated LLMS is rare. The EBV infection might be a poor prognostic factor of LLMS.
Soret–Dufour effects on chemically reacting non‐Darcian MHD flow around a plate
Authors: Sharma Bishwa R. , Choudhury Rita , Das Utpal J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHere, a study of steady, magnetohydrodynamic flow of incompressible, cold fluid around a moving plate with a non‐Darcian porous medium in existence of heat source and nth‐order chemical reaction incorporating Soret and Dufour effects is considered. MATLAB bvp4c technique is used to solve the prevailing equations. Variations in velocity, temperature and concentration are analysed. It is observed that the applicable parameters such as non‐Darcy, Soret, Dufour, chemical reaction play a significant role in controlling the flow. Chemical reaction parameter reduces skin friction, heat transfer, and mass transfer while Eckert number enhances the mass transfer and skin friction.
Predicting and optimizing the heat transfer performance of radiator with functionalized graphene nanofluids
Authors: Ponangi Babu Rao , Sachin Bharadwaj M. , Shashwath D. S. , Rajendra Prasad K. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccurately predicting the heat transfer characteristics of coolants used in thermal management of energy systems like heat exchangers, power electronics, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is indispensable in maintaining its operating conditions within safety limits. Apart from safety, factors such as power consumption and operating cost are the most important constraints to be considered in designing an energy‐efficient and cost‐effective cooling solution. In this study, the experimental data available from previous research on the use of functionalized graphene‐based nanofluids in compact heat exchangers such as the automotive radiator is used to optimize the heat transfer performance parameters like Nusselt number of the nanofluid, the friction factor, and effectiveness of the heat exchanger. A supervised machine learning technique like the artificial neural network is used to obtain the objective functions of the response variables in terms of input features such as Reynolds number, Prandtl number, the volume concentration of nanoparticles in the base fluid, number of transfer units, heat capacity, the density of nanofluid, pressure drop and velocity. On the current dataset, it is found that by using the Bayesian regularization training algorithm and tangent sigmoidal activation function in the neural network, the best accuracies in the prediction can be achieved. Well‐known nature‐inspired optimization algorithms like genetic algorithms and simulated annealing are used in optimizing the above‐mentioned response variables. Both algorithms converged to the same values of the objective functions. The optimum values of Nusselt number, effectiveness, and friction factor are 105.65, 0.506, and 0.0038, respectively, for the given composition of the nanofluid and radiator configuration.
Preferences for pandemic recovery policies: Perspectives of Myanmar agri‐food system participants
Authors: Maredia Mywish K. , Goeb Joseph , Ortega David L. , Synt Nang Lun Kham , Zu A. Myint 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study assesses preferences for COVID‐19 pandemic recovery policies from four key groups representing the upstream (input retailers), farm (farmers), and downstream (millers and traders) levels of Myanmar's agri‐food‐system using the best–worst scaling (BWS) method. Our results show that nonrestrictive policies such as maintaining open international borders and allowing businesses to stay open are preferred to cash transfers and free COVID‐19 vaccination. However, there is considerable heterogeneity across groups, and group characteristics matter more than individual characteristics in shaping policy preferences. This paper highlights the need for careful consideration of diverse stakeholder perspectives in designing recovery policies.