bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enduring Epidemic: Aesthetic Aftershocks of the 1914 Plague and the Segregation of Dakar
Authors: Warner Tobias 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn 1914, an epidemic of bubonic plague ravaged colonial Dakar. The panicked French colonial administration blamed the native population and evicted indigenous Africans from the city center before burning their homes. The Dakarois fought back through a general strike, political maneuvering, and, finally, by taking to the streets. Out of this year of disease, politics, racism, and resistance came the new, segregated neighborhood of Médina, which was created to house the displaced African population of Dakar. Over the twentieth century, as Dakar swelled into a metropolis around it, Médina was a unique space in the Senegalese capital—a hotbed of cultural creativity, a crossroads for waves of migrants, and a potent and enduring contrast with the nearby downtown, known as the Plateau. This article explores the ways in which the plague of 1914 reshaped Dakar and left a lasting impression on a century of Senegalese cultural production.
Ambivalenter Sexismus gegenüber jugendlichen Mädchen
Authors: Ollrogge Karen , Rau Melanie , Hannover Bettina 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung: Ambivalenter Sexismus besteht aus offen feindseligen (hostiler Sexismus) und scheinbar wohlwollenden (benevolenter Sexismus) Sichtweisen auf Frauen. Obwohl anzunehmen ist, dass ambivalent-sexistische Einstellungen nicht nur gegenüber Frauen, sondern auch gegenüber Mädchen bestehen und sich bereits im Jugendalter herausbilden, wurden auf Mädchen bezogene Einstellungen und jugendliche Stichproben bisher kaum untersucht, vermutlich auch aufgrund des Fehlens eines geeigneten Messinstrumentes. Wir stellen ein deutschsprachiges Instrument zur Messung ambivalent-sexistischer Einstellungen gegenüber jugendlichen Mädchen zum Einsatz bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen vor. Zur Prüfung der Kriteriumsvalidität untersuchten wir mit 1 128 Jugendlichen den Zusammenhang zwischen ambivalent-sexistischen Einstellungen gegenüber Mädchen und einem Geschlechtergerechtigkeitsindex. Die Konstruktvalidität prüften wir in 2 Stichproben junger Erwachsener (Studierende der Sozialwissenschaften, N = 441, und des Polizeivollzugsdienstes, N = 153), die zusätzlich ein etabliertes Inventar zur Messung des ambivalenten Sexismus gegenüber Frauen sowie verwandte Skalen ausfüllten. Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf Reliabilität und Validität des Inventars zur Messung des Ambivalenten Sexismus gegenüber jugendlichen Mädchen (ASI-Mäd).
Millennial Variability in Intermediate Ocean Circulation and Indian Monsoonal Weathering Inputs During the Last Deglaciation and Holocene
Authors: Yu Zhaojie , Colin Christophe , Wilson David J. , Bayon Germain , Song Zehua , Sepulcre Sophie , Dapoigny Arnaud , Li Yuanlong , Wan Shiming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe relationship between ocean circulation and monsoon systems over orbital to sub‐millennial timescales is a crucial but poorly constrained component of the climate system. Here, using foraminiferal and detrital neodymium (Nd) isotope records from the intermediate‐depth northern Indian Ocean, we provide new evidence revealing that both monsoon‐driven weathering inputs and water mass advection from the Southern Ocean influenced past seawater Nd isotope changes in this region. Our results suggest that Indian Summer Monsoon weakening coincided with enhanced northward Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) advection during the last deglaciation, reflecting a strong interhemispheric coupling. In contrast, the Early Holocene was characterized by enhanced monsoon strength but persistently strong AAIW inflow, indicating a relationship in the opposite sense. These differing interhemispheric relationships indicate asynchronous changes in the global atmosphere—ocean—climate system, and may represent a previously unrecognized component of the ocean‐atmosphere reorganization during the deglacial to Holocene transition.
Future Changes in Active and Inactive Atlantic Hurricane Seasons in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model
Authors: Sena Ana C. T. , Patricola Christina M. , Loring Burlen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNorth Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) have considerable interannual variability, with La Niña and the positive phase of the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM) tending to drive active hurricane seasons, and El Niño and the negative AMM often driving inactive seasons. Here, we analyze how active and inactive Atlantic hurricane seasons may change in the future using the high resolution Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). We performed atmosphere‐only simulations forced by sea‐surface temperature patterns characteristic of La Niña and the positive AMM jointly, and El Niño and the negative AMM jointly, in historical and future climates. Projected Atlantic TCs become more frequent in the future by approximately 34% during El Niño and negative AMM and by 66% during La Niña and positive AMM, with a significant increase in the portion of intense TCs. Warmer SSTs increase TC potential intensity, with reduced wind shear and increased mid‐tropospheric humidity further supporting TC activity.
Carbon Sequestration of the Middle Miocene Sunda Shelf Facilitated Global Climate Change
Authors: Ma Pengfei , Liu Zhifei , Jiang Meichen , Cheng Han , Zhang Lin , Cai Dizhu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLong‐term organic carbon (OC) burial on continental shelves has been widely recognized for regulating atmospheric CO2 (pCO2) and the global climate. However, quantitatively assessing shelf OC burial's role and process in prominent climate transitions is challenging. Using 367 drilling sites, we evaluated the impact of OC burial on the Sunda Shelf, the world's largest tropical shelf, on the middle Miocene carbon perturbation and climate change. Comparing the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) and the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (MMCT) results demonstrated that OC was buried faster during the MMCT with an increment of 0.07–0.14 × 103 GtC/Myr. This would cause an additional 34.77–69.16 ppm pCO2 sequestration, contributing at least one‐sixth of the global pCO2 reduction. We found OC burial regulated the long‐standing Monterey carbon isotope excursion via negative and positive feedbacks during the MCO and MMCT, respectively. Expanded terrestrial carbon reservoirs and enhanced burial efficiency were key steps in the latter positive feedback.
Abrupt Northern Baffin Bay Autumn Warming and Sea‐Ice Loss Since the Turn of the Twenty‐First Century
Authors: Ballinger Thomas J. , Moore G. W. K. , Garcia‐Quintana Yarisbel , Myers Paul G. , Imrit Amreen A. , Topál Dániel , Meier Walter N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA delay in autumn sea ice formation is an important consequence of Arctic Amplification. Baffin Bay is one such region impacted by delayed ice formation, though spatiotemporal analyses to date have not detailed the evolution and drivers of such autumn ice changes. In this study, we document abrupt Baffin Bay sea ice cover changes in the key transition month of October from 1950 to 2021. The ice cover mean and variance dramatically change from 2001 onward with a transition to largely ice‐free conditions in the northeast and thinner ice in the northwest. Ocean model experiments attribute these changes to warming of the Atlantic‐origin water (AOW) flowing into northeastern Baffin Bay from the south. Transport and upwelling of this above‐freezing AOW has stunted ice formation in this area, while the basin's cyclonic surface current has contributed to reduced cooling and ice formation in the northwestern portion of Baffin Bay.
Surface Wave Isotropic and Azimuthally Anisotropic Dispersion Across Alaska and the Alaska‐Aleutian Subduction Zone
Authors: Liu Chuanming , Zhang Shane , Sheehan Anne F. , Ritzwoller Michael H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComprehensive observations of surface wave anisotropy across Alaska and the Aleutian subduction zone would help to improve understanding of its tectonics, mantle dynamics, and earthquake risk. We produce such observations, using stations from the USArray Transportable Array, regional networks across Alaska, and the Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment in the Alaska‐Aleutian subduction zone both onshore and offshore. Our data include Rayleigh and Love wave phase dispersion from earthquakes (28–85 s) and ambient noise two‐ and three‐station interferometry (8–50 s). Compared with using two‐station interferometry alone, three‐station interferometry significantly improves the signal‐to‐noise ratio and approximately doubles the number of measurements retained. Average differences between both isotropic and anisotropic tomographic maps constructed from different methods lie within their uncertainties, which is justification for combining the measurements. The composite tomographic maps include Rayleigh wave isotropy and azimuthal anisotropy from 8 to 85 s both onshore and offshore, and onshore Love wave isotropy from 8 to 80 s. In the Alaska‐Aleutian subduction zone, Rayleigh wave fast directions vary from trench parallel to perpendicular and back to parallel with increasing periods, apparently reflecting the effect of the subducted Pacific Plate. The tomographic maps provide a basis for inferring the 3‐D anisotropic crustal and uppermost mantle structure across Alaska and the Aleutian subduction zone.
Hydrous Melting Driven Upwelling From the Mantle Transition Zone in the Mongolia Plateau Revealed by Receiver Function Analysis
Authors: He Jing , Xu Mijian , Wu Qingju , Zhang Fengxue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe detailed images of the mantle transition zone (MTZ) give insights into the nature of mantle upwelling from the deep Earth. We use receiver function to investigate the MTZ structure beneath the Mongolia Plateau using earthquakes recorded by 223 stations deployed in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The topographies of the 410 km (D410) and 660 km (D660) discontinuities are both characterized by slight depressions in most parts of the Mongolia Plateau. An obvious low‐velocity layer (LVL) atop the MTZ with an average thickness of ∼40 km is observed beneath this study area, indicating the hydrous partial molten layer atop the D410 and a hydrous MTZ. The D410 depth of ∼410 km and the LVL up to ∼60 km thick beneath the Dariganga volcano imply that there is a chemically distinct hydrous upwelling related to the subducted Pacific slab rather than a classic thermal‐dominated upwelling. The ∼10 km thinned MTZs are found beneath the western Hangay Dome and the Middle Gobi volcano. A narrow NS‐trending MTZ thickening zone extending from the Hovsgol rift to the central Hangay Dome is mainly caused by a ∼10 km depression of D660. We speculate that the mantle upwelling beneath the Hangay Dome may be related to the stagnant slab descending through the MTZ, rather than being rooted from the deep lower mantle. Hydrous melting‐driven upwellings from the MTZ beneath the Mongolia Plateau play a key role in intraplate volcanism.
High Spatiotemporal Resolution Planetary Boundary Layer Dynamics Across the Israeli Coast—Mountain—Valley Terrain Unraveled by WRF Simulations
Authors: Avisar David , Berkovic Sigalit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe west‐east terrain cross‐section along ∼150 km of the northern part of Israel has a coastal plain—mountain—valley structure; hereafter denoted iCMV. The boundary layer height (BLH) evolution mechanism across the iCMV has not yet been fully understood. We use Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) simulations and ceilometer measurements to decipher the iCMV BLH evolution mechanism during the late summertime period of 5–14 September 2017, where the daily maximum BLH at the mountainous city of Jerusalem (JrM; 800 m above sea level) varies by ∼1,000 m. We first verify the BLH, simulated by five model configurations (with four different BL schemes). The RMSE for the three best configurations are around 160 and 200 m for the coastal and JrM areas, respectively. An analysis of the simulated daily BL evolution reveals a general mechanism. In the early morning, the upslope flows and synoptic forcing interact to induce a surface flow convergence (SFC) zone. During a westerly (easterly) synoptic flow, the SFC is induced east (west) of JrM. Assisted by the inland propagating sea breeze front, the SFC is advected eastwards during the afternoon, until it collapses at the valley bottom. The SFC zone is accompanied by a substantial positive vertical wind column and a locally elevated BLH. The more western the morning time SFC is, the more likely the elevated BLH will pass during midday through JrM, with a higher daily maximum BLH. The exact dependence of the BLH evolution and of the associated temperature and humidity variations upon the synoptic regime require further study.
Prediction of Atmospheric Noise Temperature at the Deep Space Network With Machine Learning
Authors: Wu Longtao , Morabito David D. , Teixeira Joaquim P. , Huang Lei , Nguyen Hai M. , Su Hui , Soriano Melissa A. , Pan Lei , Kahan Daniel S. , Bhawar Rohini 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKa‐band (32 GHz) communications links utilized by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) flight missions for science downlink are susceptible to degradation due to weather. In this study, a customized real‐time forecast system has been developed to predict zenith atmospheric noise temperature (Tatm) at the Deep Space Network (DSN) tracking sites using machine learning (ML). A random forest model is trained with the Global Forecast System (GFS) forecast and analysis datasets in addition to the Tatm measurements derived from on‐site advanced water vapor radiometers (AWVR). The real‐time forecast uncertainty is quantified for different error regimes using the Self‐Organizing Map method. The results show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of the 24‐hr Tatm prediction at Goldstone, CA increases with the increase of Tatm. At 90% of the time, the forecasts have RMSE (bias) of less than 3.50 K (0.16 K) for fair‐weather conditions with Tatm < 16 K. In comparison to the current approach in designing Ka‐band communications links, application of weather forecasts can increase data return to the downlink for 80% of the time. A downlink gain of up to 2.43 dB (75% more data) can be realized at 10° elevation angle when Tatm = 8.32 K.
SARS-CoV-2 drives NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human microglia through spike protein
Authors: Albornoz Eduardo A. , Amarilla Alberto A. , Modhiran Naphak , Parker Sandra , Li Xaria X. , Wijesundara Danushka K. , Aguado Julio , Zamora Adriana Pliego , McMillan Christopher L. D. , Liang Benjamin , Peng Nias Y. G. , Sng Julian D. J. , Saima Fatema Tuj , Fung Jenny N. , Lee John D. , Paramitha Devina , Parry Rhys , Avumegah Michael S. , Isaacs Ariel , Lo Martin W. , Miranda-Chacon Zaray , Bradshaw Daniella , Salinas-Rebolledo Constanza , Rajapakse Niwanthi W. , Wolvetang Ernst J. , Munro Trent P. , Rojas-Fernandez Alejandro , Young Paul R. , Stacey Katryn J. , Khromykh Alexander A. , Chappell Keith J. , Watterson Daniel , Woodruff Trent M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease, however, an increasing number of reports indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection can also cause severe neurological manifestations, including precipitating cases of probable Parkinson’s disease. As microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation is a major driver of neurodegeneration, here we interrogated whether SARS-CoV-2 can promote microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Using SARS-CoV-2 infection of transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) as a COVID-19 pre-clinical model, we established the presence of virus in the brain together with microglial activation and NLRP3 inflammasome upregulation in comparison to uninfected mice. Next, utilising a model of human monocyte-derived microglia, we identified that SARS-CoV-2 isolates can bind and enter human microglia in the absence of viral replication. This interaction of virus and microglia directly induced robust inflammasome activation, even in the absence of another priming signal. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that purified SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-primed microglia, in a ACE2-dependent manner. Spike protein also could prime the inflammasome in microglia through NF-κB signalling, allowing for activation through either ATP, nigericin or α-synuclein. Notably, SARS-CoV-2 and spike protein-mediated microglial inflammasome activation was significantly enhanced in the presence of α-synuclein fibrils and was entirely ablated by NLRP3-inhibition. Finally, we demonstrate SARS-CoV-2 infected hACE2 mice treated orally post-infection with the NLRP3 inhibitory drug MCC950, have significantly reduced microglial inflammasome activation, and increased survival in comparison with untreated SARS-CoV-2 infected mice. These results support a possible mechanism of microglial innate immune activation by SARS-CoV-2, which could explain the increased vulnerability to developing neurological symptoms akin to Parkinson’s disease in COVID-19 infected individuals, and a potential therapeutic avenue for intervention.
Identification of the ultrahigh-risk subgroup in neuroblastoma cases through DNA methylation analysis and its treatment exploiting cancer metabolism
Authors: Watanabe Kentaro , Kimura Shunsuke , Seki Masafumi , Isobe Tomoya , Kubota Yasuo , Sekiguchi Masahiro , Sato-Otsubo Aiko , Hiwatari Mitsuteru , Kato Motohiro , Oka Akira , Koh Katsuyoshi , Sato Yusuke , Tanaka Hiroko , Miyano Satoru , Kawai Tomoko , Hata Kenichiro , Ueno Hiroo , Nannya Yasuhito , Suzuki Hiromichi , Yoshida Kenichi , Fujii Yoichi , Nagae Genta , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Ogawa Seishi , Takita Junko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNeuroblastomas require novel therapies that are based on the exploitation of their biological mechanism. To address this need, we analyzed the DNA methylation and expression datasets of neuroblastomas, extracted a candidate gene characterizing the aggressive features, and conducted functional studies. Based on the DNA methylation data, we identified a subgroup of neuroblastoma cases with 11q loss of heterozygosity with extremely poor prognosis. PHGDH, a serine metabolism-related gene, was extracted as a candidate with strong expression and characteristic methylation in this subgroup as well as in cases with MYCN amplification. PHGDH inhibition suppressed neuroblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the inhibition of serine metabolism by PHGDH inhibitors is a therapeutic alternative for neuroblastoma. Inhibiting the arginine metabolism, which is closely related to serine metabolism using arginine deiminase, had a combination effect both in vitro and in vivo, especially on extracellular arginine-dependent neuroblastoma cells with ASS1 deficiency. Expression and metabolome analyses of post-dose cells confirmed the synergistic effects of treatments targeting serine and arginine indicated that xCT inhibitors that inhibit cystine uptake could be candidates for further combinatorial treatment. Our results highlight the rational therapeutic strategy of targeting serine/arginine metabolism for intractable neuroblastoma.
Risk of subsequent primary oral cancer in a cohort of 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Europe: the PanCareSurFup study
Authors: Sunguc Ceren , Hawkins Michael M. , Winter David L. , Dudley Isabelle M. , Heymer Emma J. , Teepen Jop C. , Allodji Rodrigue S. , Belle Fabiën N. , Bagnasco Francesca , Byrne Julianne , Bárdi Edit , Ronckers Cécile M. , Haddy Nadia , Gudmundsdottir Thorgerdur , Garwicz Stanislaw , Jankovic Momcilo , van der Pal Helena J. H. , Mazić Maja Česen , Schindera Christina , Grabow Desiree , Maule Milena M. , Kaatsch Peter , Kaiser Melanie , Fresneau Brice , Michel Gisela , Skinner Roderick , Wiebe Thomas , Sacerdote Carlotta , Jakab Zsuzsanna , Gunnes Maria Winther , Terenziani Monica , Winther Jeanette F. , Lähteenmäki Päivi M. , Zaletel Lorna Zadravec , Kuehni Claudia E. , Kremer Leontien C. , Haupt Riccardo , de Vathaire Florent , Hjorth Lars , Reulen Raoul C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of subsequent primary malignant neoplasms (SPNs), but the risk for rarer types of SPNs, such as oral cancer, is uncertain. Previous studies included few oral SPNs, hence large-scale cohorts are required to identify groups at risks.

Methods
The PanCareSurFup cohort includes 69,460 5-year survivors of childhood cancer across Europe. Risks of oral SPNs were defined by standardised incidence ratios (SIRs), absolute excess risks and cumulative incidence.

Results
One hundred and forty-five oral SPNs (64 salivary gland, 38 tongue, 20 pharynx, 2 lip, and 21 other) were ascertained among 143 survivors. Survivors were at 5-fold risk of an oral SPN (95% CI: 4.4–5.6). Survivors of leukaemia were at greatest risk (SIR = 19.2; 95% CI: 14.6–25.2) followed by bone sarcoma (SIR = 6.4, 95% CI: 3.7–11.0), Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR = 6.2, 95% CI: 3.9–9.9) and soft-tissue sarcoma (SIR = 5.0, 95% CI: 3.0–8.5). Survivors treated with radiotherapy were at 33-fold risk of salivary gland SPNs (95% CI: 25.3–44.5), particularly Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR = 66.2, 95% CI: 43.6–100.5) and leukaemia (SIR = 50.5, 95% CI: 36.1–70.7) survivors. Survivors treated with chemotherapy had a substantially increased risk of a tongue SPN (SIR = 15.9, 95% CI: 10.6–23.7).

Conclusions
Previous radiotherapy increases the risk of salivary gland SPNs considerably, while chemotherapy increases the risk of tongue SPNs substantially. Awareness of these risks among both health-care professionals and survivors could play a crucial role in detecting oral SPNs early.
Genetics of randomly bred cats support the cradle of cat domestication being in the Near East
Authors: Nilson Sara M. , Gandolfi Barbara , Grahn Robert A. , Kurushima Jennifer D. , Lipinski Monika J. , Randi Ettore , Waly Nashwa E. , Driscoll Carlos , Murua Escobar Hugo , Schuster Rolf K. , Maruyama Soichi , Labarthe Norma , Chomel Bruno B. , Ghosh Sankar Kumar , Ozpinar Haydar , Rah Hyung-Chul , Millán Javier , Mendes-de-Almeida Flavya , Levy Julie K. , Heitz Elke , Scherk Margie A. , Alves Paulo C. , Decker Jared E. , Lyons Leslie A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCat domestication likely initiated as a symbiotic relationship between wildcats (Felis silvestris subspecies) and the peoples of developing agrarian societies in the Fertile Crescent. As humans transitioned from hunter-gatherers to farmers ~12,000 years ago, bold wildcats likely capitalized on increased prey density (i.e., rodents). Humans benefited from the cats’ predation on these vermin. To refine the site(s) of cat domestication, over 1000 random-bred cats of primarily Eurasian descent were genotyped for single-nucleotide variants and short tandem repeats. The overall cat population structure suggested a single worldwide population with significant isolation by the distance of peripheral subpopulations. The cat population heterozygosity decreased as genetic distance from the proposed cat progenitor’s (F.s. lybica) natural habitat increased. Domestic cat origins are focused in the eastern Mediterranean Basin, spreading to nearby islands, and southernly via the Levantine coast into the Nile Valley. Cat population diversity supports the migration patterns of humans and other symbiotic species.