bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an Inundation Model for the Northern Coastal Zone of the Nile Delta Region, Egypt Using High-Resolution DEM
Authors: El-Quilish Mohammed , El-Ashquer Mohamed , Dawod Gomaa , Fiky Gamal El 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEgypt is facing several hazardous environmental phenomena, particularly Sea Level Rise (SLR) and land subsidence. It has been considered to be one of the countries most likely to be affected by SLR because of the low elevation of the Nile Delta region’s northern coastal zone, like all world Deltas. For that, a GIS inundation model has been generated using an original high accuracy local digital elevation model for the Nile Delta region, Egypt (LDEM) and the SLR data measured by the tide-gauges. This model has been used to determine the vulnerable low laying areas to inundation from future SLR in 2050 and to determine land-use types and percentages that are most likely to be affected in the northern Mediterranean coast of Nile Delta region. Finally, a total Hazard Index Map (HIM) has been produced from combining SLR HIM, and the subsidence HIM for the study area which will present the full danger of the two phenomena on the coastal region. The results have shown that the inundated area calculated from the SLR in 2050 model is about 50 km2. From the land-use maps, the areas flooded by the sea represent almost 38.40 km2, 3.80 km2, 5.20 km2, and 2.60 km2 for the urban, agricultural lands, fishing farms, and bare areas, respectively. The authorities and decision makers should pay more attention to the hazardous effects due to the impacts of subsidence and SLR in the Nile Delta region, especially the northern coastal zone. More protection construction such as seawalls and breakwaters should be built at the northern coastal zone of the Nile Delta region vulnerable to inundation of SLR, to prevent the occurrence of the predicted inundation scenarios that could be occurred to this region in the future.
The slowdown in mortality improvement rates 2011–2017: a multi-country analysis
Authors: Djeundje Viani B. , Haberman Steven , Bajekal Madhavi , Lu Joseph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMortality rates have been falling or ‘improving’ in many demographically developed countries since the 1950s. However, there has been a slowdown since 2010 in the speed of improvement and this phenomenon has been particularly marked at ages over 50. To understand better this mortality slowdown, we have analysed long-run mortality trends of a group of developed countries using data up to 2017 from the Human Mortality Database. Specifically, we have used statistical models to parametrise the historical mortality trends of 21 countries between 1965 and 2010 and then forecast trends beyond 2011. We find that many countries have experienced lower mortality improvement rates in 2011–2017 than in the previous decade and also experienced lower improvement rates in 2011–2017 than would have been forecast based on the models fitted to data prior to 2011. Some of the Scandinavian populations have bucked the stalling mortality improvement trend, experiencing higher mortality improvement rates than the forecasts. We conclude that part of the slowdown in mortality improvement rates of the over 1950s since 2011 would have been expected from historical trends in many countries, especially among men. However, there has been a notable slowdown since 2011, compared with the model forecasts, in many countries especially among women. A few countries had higher mortality improvement rates than forecast. A better understanding of the drivers behind these complex trends would help decision makers in insurance companies and pension funds and also inform public policy.
Action-oriented process mining: bridging the gap between insights and actions
Authors: Park Gyunam , van der Aalst Wil M. P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs business environments become more dynamic and complex, it becomes indispensable for organizations to objectively analyze business processes, monitor the existing and potential operational frictions, and take proactive actions to mitigate risks and improve performances. Process mining provides techniques to extract insightful knowledge of business processes from event data collected during the execution of the processes. Besides, various approaches have been suggested to support the real-time (predictive) monitoring of the process-related problems. However, the link between the insights from the continuous monitoring and the concrete management actions for the actual process improvement is missing. Action-oriented process mining aims at connecting the knowledge extracted from event data to actions. In this work, we propose a general framework for action-oriented process mining covering the continuous monitoring of operational processes and the automated execution of management actions. Based on the framework, we suggest a cube-based action engine where actions are generated by analyzing monitoring results in a multi-dimensional way. The framework is implemented as a ProM plug-in and evaluated by conducting experiments on both artificial and real-life information systems.
Progress in ceramic materials and structure design toward advanced thermal barrier coatings
Authors: Wei Zhi-Yuan , Meng Guo-Hui , Chen Lin , Li Guang-Rong , Liu Mei-Jun , Zhang Wei-Xu , Zhao Li-Na , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Xiao-Dong , Wan Chun-Lei , Qu Zhi-Xue , Chen Lin , Feng Jing , Liu Ling , Dong Hui , Bao Ze-Bin , Zhao Xiao-Feng , Zhang Xiao-Feng , Guo Lei , Wang Liang , Cheng Bo , Zhang Wei-Wei , Xu Peng-Yun , Yang Guan-Jun , Cai Hong-Neng , Cui Hong , Wang You , Ye Fu-Xing , Ma Zhuang , Pan Wei , Liu Min , Zhou Ke-Song , Li Chang-Jiu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) can effectively protect the alloy substrate of hot components in aeroengines or land-based gas turbines by the thermal insulation and corrosion/erosion resistance of the ceramic top coat. However, the continuous pursuit of a higher operating temperature leads to degradation, delamination, and premature failure of the top coat. Both new ceramic materials and new coating structures must be developed to meet the demand for future advanced TBC systems. In this paper, the latest progress of some new ceramic materials is first reviewed. Then, a comprehensive spalling mechanism of the ceramic top coat is summarized to understand the dependence of lifetime on various factors such as oxidation scale growth, ceramic sintering, erosion, and calcium-magnesium-aluminium-silicate (CMAS) molten salt corrosion. Finally, new structural design methods for high-performance TBCs are discussed from the perspectives of lamellar, columnar, and nanostructure inclusions. The latest developments of ceramic top coat will be presented in terms of material selection, structural design, and failure mechanism, and the comprehensive guidance will be provided for the development of next-generation advanced TBCs with higher temperature resistance, better thermal insulation, and longer lifetime.
Coupling of piezocatalysis and photocatalysis for efficient degradation of methylene blue by Bi0.9Gd0.07La0.03FeO3 nanotubes
Authors: Mani Angom Devadatta , Li Jie , Wang Ziquan , Zhou Jiale , Xiang Huaicheng , Zhao Jinlai , Deng Libo , Yang Haitao , Yao Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is of great significance for wastewater remediation but is still hindered by the poor catalytic efficiency of the catalysts. Herein, we report a strategy to simultaneously introduce piezocatalysis and to enhance the intrinsic photocatalysis in a single catalyst, which improved the performance for catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) significantly. Specifically, piezoelectric BiFeO3(BFO) nanotube doped with different contents of Gd and La (Bi0.9(GdxLa1−x)0.1FeO3) were produced by electrospinning. The doping led to a higher concentration of surface oxygen vacancy (OV) in Bi0.9Gd0.07La0.03FeO3, which effectively increased the piezoelectric field due to the deformation of BFO, and suppressed the recombination of photon-generated electron-hole pairs. The Bi0.9Gd0.07La0.03FeO3nanotube showed excellent catalytic performance under simultaneous light irradiation and ultrasonic excitation, giving an extraordinary 95% degradation of MB within 90 min. These findings suggest that the piezoelectric effect combined with defect engineering can enhance the catalytic performance of Bi0.9Gd0.07La0.03FeO3nanotube. This could potentially be extended to other catalytic systems for high-performance pollutant treatment.
Carrier and microstructure tuning for improving the thermoelectric properties of Ag8SnSe6 via introducing SnBr2
Authors: Yu Zhonghai , Wang Xiuxia , Liu Chengyan , Cheng Yiran , Zhang Zhongwei , Si Ruifan , Bai Xiaobo , Hu Xiaokai , Gao Jie , Peng Ying , Miao Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe argyrodite compounds (A
(12−n)
m/m+
Bn+X
6
2−
(Am+ = Li+, Cu+, and Ag+; Bn+ = Ga3+, Si4+, Ge4+, Sn4+, P5+, and As5+; and X2− = S2−, Se2−, or Te2−)) have attracted great attention as excellent thermoelectric (TE) materials due to their extremely low lattice thermal conductivity Among them, Ag8SnSe6-based TE materials have high potential for TE applications. However, the pristine Ag8SnSe6 materials have low carrier concentration (< 1017 cm−3), resulting in low power factors. In this study, a hydrothermal method was used to synthesize Ag8SnSe6 with high purity, and the introduction of SnBr2 into the pristine Ag8SnSe6 powders has been used to simultaneously increase the power factor and decrease the thermal conductivity (κ). On the one hand, a portion of the Br− ions acted as electrons to increase the carrier concentration, increasing the power factor to a value of ∼698 µW·m−1·K−2 at 736 K. On the other hand, some of the dislocations and nanoprecipitates (SnBr2) were generated, resulting in a decrease of κ1 (−0.13 W·m−1·K−1) at 578 K. As a result, the zT value reaches ∼1.42 at 735 K for the sample Ag8Sn1.03Se5.94Br0.06, nearly 30% enhancement in contrast with that of the pristine sample (−1.09). The strategy of synergistic manipulation of carrier concentration and microstructure by introducing halogen compounds could be applied to the argyrodite compounds to improve the TE properties.
Fabrication, microstructure, and properties of 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) transparent ceramics
Authors: Chen Penghui , Li Xiaoying , Tian Feng , Liu Ziyu , Hu Dianjun , Xie Tengfei , Liu Qiang , Li Jiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFine grained 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) transparent ceramics with high optical and mechanical properties were fabricated by air pre-sintering and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) using commercial 8YSZ powders as the raw material. The pre-sintered ceramics with fine grains and appropriate relative density play a key role to achieve high transparency and suppressed grain size after HIP post-treatment at relatively low temperatures. With the increase of HIP temperature from 1350 to 1550 °C, the in-line transmittance of 8YSZ ceramics at 600 nm increases from 56.9% to 71.5% (2.5 mm in thickness), and the average grain size increases from 2.4 to 16.3 µm. The corresponding bending strength of 8YSZ transparent ceramics decreases from 328±20 to 289±19 MPa, the hardness (H) decreases from 12.9±0.1 to 12.5±0.2 GPa, and the fracture toughness (KIC) decreases from 1.30±0.02 to 1.26±0.03 MPa·m1/2. Systematical investigations were carried out to study the combination of high optical transparency and excellent mechanical properties in 8YSZ ceramics.
Repeated amino acid PET imaging for longitudinal monitoring of brain tumors
Authors: Cicone Francesco , Galldiks Norbert , Papa Annalisa , Langen Karl-Josef , Cascini Giuseppe Lucio , Minniti Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Amino acid PET is a useful complement to MRI in a number of clinical settings for the evaluation of brain tumors. However, amino acid PET is rarely used repeatedly over the course of the disease. We reviewed the existing literature on the use of repeated amino acid PET imaging for monitoring primary or secondary brain tumors.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search of articles describing the use of longitudinal amino acid PET imaging of brain tumors was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE using multiple search terms. Additional literature was retrieved from the reference lists of identified studies or based on the authors’ personal knowledge and experience.

Results
With regard to primary tumors, two main clinical settings were identified in whom the performance of repeated amino acid PET imaging was most commonly assessed. These include the detection of malignant progression of patients with grade II or III glioma characterized according to older WHO classifications, and the early response assessment of various treatment options in glioma patients. For patients with brain metastases, only a few studies were identified using longitudinal amino acid PET for the diagnosis of post-treatment changes after stereotactic radiosurgery. The analyzed studies reported that longitudinal amino acid PET imaging frequently anticipate or even outperform the diagnostic performance provided by conventional MRI in these settings.

Conclusions
The available literature suggests that conventional MRI should be accompanied by longitudinal amino acid PET monitoring in these clinical settings. Nevertheless, more reliable evidence derived from larger, prospective multicenter studies is warranted.
Mucociliary Transit Assessment Using Automatic Tracking in Phase Contrast X-Ray Images of Live Mouse Nasal Airways
Authors: Jung Hye-Won , Lee Ivan , Lee Sang-Heon , Morgan Kaye , Parsons David , Donnelley Martin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The rate of mucociliary transit (MCT) is an indicator of the hydration and health of the airways for cystic fibrosis (CF). To determine the effectiveness of cystic fibrosis respiratory therapies, we have developed a novel method to non-invasively quantify the local rate and patterns of MCT behaviour in vivo by using synchrotron phase contrast X-ray imaging (PCXI) to visualise the MCT motion of micron-sized spherical particles deposited onto the airway surfaces of live mice.

Methods
In this study the baseline MCT behaviour was assessed in the nasal airways of CFTR-null and normal mice which were then treated with hypertonic saline (HS) or mannitol. To assess MCT, the particle motion was tracked throughout the synchrotron PCXI sequences using fully-automated custom image analysis software.

Results
There was no significant difference in the MCT rate between normal and CFTR-null mice, but the analysis of MCT particle tracking showed that HS may have a longer duration of action in CFTR-null mice than in the normal mice.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that changes in MCT rate in CF and normal mouse nasal airways can be measured using PCXI and customised tracking software and used for assessing the effects of airway rehydrating pharmaceutical treatments.
Peracarid Assemblages in a Human-Disturbed Location from South-Western Mediterranean Sea: Role of Surface Orientation and Phytal Structure of the Habitat
Authors: López Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe goal of this investigation was to assess the role of a number of environmental variables on the traits of a peracarid population inhabiting turfs of Ellisolandia elongata in a Mediterranean disturbed location. Samples were collected from a vertical and a horizontal surface to assess the role of orientation, and several structural traits of the turf (number of fronds, their height and width, available phytal area for colonization, and dry weight) were measured. The samples were characterized by their species composition, relative abundance of constant species, total abundance of individuals, and α-diversity (species richness, Shannon index and Pielou’s evenness). Generalized linear models were used to relate environmental variables with ecological descriptors, whereas a cluster plot and a principal correspondence analysis, both based on the Bray-Curtis coefficient, were conducted to detect the presence of distinct assemblages. Results showed orientation to be a key factor governing the assemblages, since samples from vertical and horizontal surfaces formed definite groups based on Bray-Curtis similarities. Moreover, GLMs pointed out that orientation influenced relative abundance of the majority of constant species, as well as species richness and Shannon index. Phytal height had a positive effect on the relative abundances of Hexapleomera bultidactyla, Coxischyrocerus inexpectatus and Hyale stebbingi, and a negative one on Shannon index and evenness, whereas available phytal area influenced positively evenness and negatively the relative abundance of Elasmopus pocillimanus. Thus, it can be inferred that although species composition depended on surface orientation, the spatial structure of the turf was the main driver for assemblage complexity.
The Geopolitical Risk and Strategic Uncertainty of Green Growth after the Ukraine Invasion: How the Circular Economy Can Decrease the Market Power of and Resource Dependency on Critical Minerals
Authors: Nygaard Arne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Following the invasion of Ukraine, there is a call to replace Russian gas and oil with green electric energy. A prime sector subject to electrification is the transportation sector. Consequently, access to the critical minerals for electrification has become an important strategic issue in the electric vehicle industry. Our analysis indicates that the markets for scarce and critical minerals, like cobalt, graphite, lithium, and rare earth elements, are in a highly concentrated number of countries. China, a strategic partner of Russia, has a dominant power position in both graphite and rare earth elements and is a dominant player in the processing of copper, nickel, cobalt, lithium, and rare earth elements. Furthermore, at least 70% of cobalt, graphite, and rare earth element resources are in corrupt or very corrupt states. Transportation sector electrification might therefore increase Europe’s and the USA’s resource dependency on totalitarian, corrupt, and unstable countries. The surging resource dependency on China, Russia’s most important strategic partner, intensifies the geopolitical risk to the green transition. We suggest strategies like vertical control of supply chains, specific technology and infrastructure investments, innovation of other green energy sources, and exploration of critical minerals in other countries. Substitution and closed-loop technology also reduce resource dependency and geopolitical risk. However, closed-loop recycling cannot compensate for the short-run growth in the electric vehicle markets. Thus, the circular economy will reduce but not eliminate geopolitical risk. Countries, supply chains, and companies should examine the geopolitical risk and strategic uncertainty associated with different green energy sources and technology.
A Typology for Characterizing Human Action in MultiSector Dynamics Models
Authors: Yoon Jim , Romero‐Lankao Patricia , Yang Y. C. Ethan , Klassert Christian , Urban Nathan , Kaiser Kendra , Keller Klaus , Yarlagadda Brinda , Voisin Nathalie , Reed Patrick M. , Moss Richard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe role of individual and collective human action is increasingly recognized as a prominent and arguably paramount determinant in shaping the behavior, trajectory, and vulnerability of multisector systems. This human influence operates at multiple scales: from short‐term (hourly to daily) to long‐term (annually to centennial) timescales, and from the local to the global, pushing systems toward either desirable or undesirable outcomes. However, the effort to represent human systems in multisector models has been fragmented across philosophical, methodological, and disciplinary lines. To cohere insights across diverse modeling approaches, we present a new typology for classifying how human actors are represented in the broad suite of coupled human‐natural system models that are applied in MultiSector Dynamics (MSD) research. The typology conceptualizes a “sector” as a system‐of‐systems that includes a diverse group of human actors, defined across individual to collective social levels, involved in governing, provisioning, and utilizing products, goods, or services toward some human end. We trace the salient features of modeled representations of human systems by organizing the typology around two key questions: (a) Who are the actors in MSD systems and what are their actions? (b) How and for what purpose are these actors and actions operationalized in a computational model? We use this typology to critically examine existing models and chart the frontier of human systems modeling for MSD research.
Temporal Source Apportionment of PM2.5 Over the Pearl River Delta Region in Southern China
Authors: Chen Yiang , Fung Jimmy C. H. , Huang Yeqi , Lu Xingcheng , Wang Zhe , Louie Peter K. K. , Chen Wanying , Yu Chi Wai , Yu Rui , Lau Alexis K. H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe key problems in addressing air pollution include determining the source of the pollutants and developing a means to control them. In addition to the source area and source category of pollutants, the contributions of pollutants emitted during various periods is an important factor that must be better understood for effective and efficient policymaking. A temporal source apportionment module in the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions was developed and applied to analyze the temporal contributions of emissions to the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter with a diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. The results showed that in addition to cross‐boundary transport, the PM2.5 concentration in the PRD region was generally influenced by emissions on the current day and previous day. Local emissions from 06:00–17:59 on the current day accounted for approximately 30% of the PM2.5 concentration, whereas regional sources (cross‐city transport) had greater contributions during earlier emission periods. During the periods of episodic pollution, a weak wind situation hindered the transportation and diffusion of pollutants; thus, pollutants from 2 days earlier were trapped within the PRD region. When only the emissions from the PRD region were considered, particulate nitrate was more affected by regional emissions from the previous day, whereas the main contributors of other major components of PM2.5 were emissions from the current day. Our results suggest that emission control measures should be implemented 2 days in advance when adverse meteorological conditions are predicted.