bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Screw Stabilization of Non-Periacetabular Pelvic Lesions Caused by Metastatic Cancer and Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Yang Rui , Singh Swapnil , Falk Alessandra , Wang Jichuan , Thornhill Beverly , Fox Jana , Sen Milan , Hoang Bang , Geller David S. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The pelvis is one of the most common locations for metastatic bone disease. While many of the publications that describe surgical treatments focus on periacetabular lesions (Enneking zone II), there is a lack of investigation into lesions in the non-periacetabular areas (zones I, III, and IV). We recently described a minimally invasive percutaneous screw application for metastatic zone-II lesions with excellent results. In the present study, we aimed to extend this approach to the other pelvic areas.

Methods:
Twenty-two consecutive patients with painful non-periacetabular pelvic metastatic cancer were included based on retrospective chart review. There were 16 women and 6 men with an average age of 60 years (range, 36 to 81 years). The most common primary cancers were multiple myeloma (7 cases) and breast (5 cases). The most common locations were the sacrum and the ilium. A pathologic fracture was identified in 15 patients. Most of the lesions were treated with multiple large-diameter screws, except for the isolated zone-III lesions. All of the procedures were completed in a standard operating room without the need for special instruments. Radiation therapy was given to 19 patients; the average dose was 15 Gy. The studied outcomes were pain and functionality as assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) score and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score (ECOG), respectively.

Results:
There were no surgical complications and no need for blood transfusion. The average follow-up time was 7 months (range, 0.3 to 34.0 months). Two patients died within 4 weeks of surgery due to COVID-19 infection. There was significant improvement in the postoperative VAS pain score (p < 0.0001) and the ECOG score (p < 0.05) when compared with the preoperative scores. There was no implant failure or revision surgery. Local bone-healing was observed in 12 of 14 patients (86%) who survived for >3 months after surgery.

Conclusions:
Percutaneous screw application is safe and effective in the treatment of metastatic non-periacetabular pelvic lesions. Given the simplicity of the technique and the instrumentation and the tolerance for concomitant treatments, this approach is worthy of broader consideration.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Scaling of Multiphase Flow in Simple Heterogeneous Porous Media
Authors: Zhou Dengen , Fayers F. J. , Orr F. M. 
Published: February 2022

The nature of flow in porous media is determined by the interaction of the physical properties of the medium and fluids, and by the interplay of various forces involved in the displacement process. Identifying flow regions at a given reservoir operating condition is a key issue in forecasting reservoir performance and hence of optimizing operations. This work identifies dominant flow regions at various conditions. Three dimensionless groups, NgvM/(1 + M) (gravity/viscous ratio), NcvM/(1 + M) (capillary/viscous ratio) and Ri2 (shape factor), are defined and used to resolve flow regions. The analysis shows that the relative magnitudes of forces involved in the system combined with the reservoir properties determine the flow region and fluid distribution in the medium.
By choosing appropriate ranges for the dimensionless numbers, recovery processes can be specified from the general theory, and the boundaries to flow regions confirmed by comparison with existing experimental and simulation results. Three commonly studied flow systems have been investigated, which are miscible displacements without dispersion (Ncv ≈ 0) in layered reservoirs, immiscible displacements (Ngv ≈ 0) in layered and homogeneous media, and flow in highly fractured reservoirs.
Evolutionary conservation of the fidelity of transcription
Authors: Chung Claire , McGann Eric , Verheijen Lambertus , Navapanich Zoe , Shemtov Sarah , Lai Guan-Ju , Towheed Atif , Haroon Suraiya , Holczbauer Agnes , Chang Sharon , Manojlovic Zarko , Simpson Stephen , Thomas W. Kelley , Kaplan Craig , Hasselt Peter van , Timmers H.Th.Marc , Erie Dorothy A. , Chen Lin , Gout Jean-Francois , Vermulst Marc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Accurate transcription is required for the faithful expression of genetic information. Surprisingly though, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that control the fidelity of transcription, or the conservation of these mechanisms across the tree of life. To address this issue, we measured the error rate of transcription in five organisms of increasing complexity and identified various genes, alleles and processes that control transcriptional fidelity in multicellular organisms. In doing so, they highlight the evolutionary conservation of fidelity factors and open up new opportunities to probe the impact of transcription errors on intact organisms and human physiology. Finally, our experiments provide the first reasonable estimate of the error rate of transcription in human cells, identify the first disease associated with error-prone RNA polymerases and suggest that transcription errors may have contributed to the evolution of our genetic code.
WITHDRAWN: The Ecological Biases of Zooplankton Invasions: Taxonomic, Geographical And Methodological Perspectives
Authors: Pedroso Clemerson Richard , Vitule Jean Ricardo Simões 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The introduction of non-native species is one of the most important causes of biodiversity loss. Non-native organisms are not recognized by native communities, leading to differential predation rates and differential impacts on a variety of ecological interactions. In this context, the present study was intended to carry out a review of the literature on the impacts of non-native zooplankters on the zooplankton and the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems--literature reviews are a valuable tool that can highlight gaps and find possible biases in our understanding of biological invasions. We carried out a review of the current literature (20 years) looking for any alteration in the natural dynamics of the environment at all ecological levels. A total of 181 studies that addressed some type of non-native zooplankton effect were included in the review. Most studies focused on a just few non-native species and evidenced demographic changes at the population level. A geographic bias in favor of North America was also found. The various gaps in the literature on non-native zooplankton are derived from the same problem, an excessive number of investigations of the same taxa in the same places. Consequently, the recorded impacts are similar since they come from the same groups, and neglect less studied, but not necessarily less impactful, species. A greater focus on studies of lesser-known species could generate more comprehensive knowledge about the effects of non-native zooplankton and contribute to the distribution of conservation efforts beyond the better-known species.
A Machine Translation Like Approach to Generate Business Process Model From Textual Description
Authors: Sonbol Riad , Rebdawi Ghaida , Ghneim Nada 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Modeling is one of the core tasks in Business Process Management (BPM). It represents the most critical step in the BPM life cycle and is considered as a time consuming and costly task. These challenges raised the question of how researchers can save this cost by building tools that could support modeling experts in their work to reduce the manual workload. In this paper, we propose a Machine Translation (MT) like approach to deal with the problem of generating a business process model based on a textual description. We chose to follow a semantic transfer-based MT approach. Our approach consists of two main phases: The natural Language Analysis phase and BPMN diagram generation. Natural Language Analysis phase aims to analyze the text and extract the required knowledge. One of the main outputs for this phase is a Concept Map which summarizes the concepts of the related domain and the relationships between these concepts. This map represents a background for our processing in the second phase where we try to generate the "translation", which is the BPMN diagram in our case. We achieve our goal in the second phase via a set of semantic, syntactic, and morphological manipulations. The approach has been implemented and evaluated using a similarity metric based on the Graph Edit Distance. The results show that the proposed approach was able to generate models that are more than 81% similar to those created manually by a human, outperforming the state of the art in this topic.
Modelling of Lung Cancer Therapy; Modelled And Real-World Impact of Targeted Therapy And Immunotherapy In The Netherlands
Authors: Mfumbilwa Zakile A. , Wilschut Janneke A. , Simons Martijn J.H.G. , Ramaekers Bram , Joore Manuela , Retel Valesca , Welle Christine M. Cramer-van der , Schramel Franz M.N.H. , de Garde Ewoudt M.W. van , Coupé Veerle M.H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent discoveries in molecular diagnostics and lung cancer drugs have improved the treatment of patients with advanced (inoperable) non-squamous NSCLC from solely platinum based chemotherapy to more personalized treatment including targeted therapies and immunotherapies. However, these improvements come at considerable costs, highlighting the need to assess cost-effectiveness for optimization of lung cancer care. Traditionally, cost-effectiveness models built to evaluate new lung cancer treatments were based on randomized control trial (RCT) findings. The strict RCT inclusion criteria make RCT patients not representative of real-world patients: Patients in RCT have better prognosis compared to real-world patients. Therefore, in this study we have developed and validated a diagnosis-treatment decision model for patients with advanced (inoperable) non-squamous NSCLC based on real-world data in the Netherlands. The model is a patient-level microsimulation model implemented as discrete event simulation with five health events. Patients are simulated from diagnosis to death, including at most three treatment lines. The base-model (non-personalized strategy) was populated using real-world data of patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy between 2008 – 2014 in one of six Dutch’s teaching hospitals. To allow simulation of personalized care, molecular tumor characteristics were incorporated in the model based on the literature. The impact of novel targeted treatments and immunotherapies was included based on published RCTs. To validate the model, we compared survival under a personalized treatment strategy against observed real-world survival. This model can be used for health-care evaluation of personalized treatment for patients with advanced (inoperable) NSCLC in the Netherlands.
Allergological Study in Patients Vaccinated Against COVID-19 with Suspected Allergic Reactions
Authors: Cerdá Vicente Jover , Pacheco Ramón Rodríguez , Witek Joan Doménech , Hernández Sonia Alonso , García Rafael Durán , Panisello Marina Real , Calle Francisco Manuel Marco de la 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

One of the main barriers to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is the fear of developing hypersensitivity reactions to any of its components. Although these reactions are very rare, it is necessary to establish an effective protocol to detect patients at risk of developing them. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypersensitivity reactions in vaccinated patients in order to allow or not to complete the vaccination protocol.
Methods

Descriptive and cross-sectional study in which patients with suspected hypersensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were evaluated. All patients underwent skin prick test (SPT) and/or intradermal test (IDT) with the vaccines and their excipients. In patients with positive IDT with the vaccine, a histopathological and immunohistochemical study was performed by skin biopsy. A basophil activation test (BAT) and a lymphoblastic transformation test (LTT) were also performed.
Results

Sixteen patients with suspected hypersensitivity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (12 received Comirnaty®, 3 received Vaxzevria®, and 1 received Spikevax®) were evaluated. Half had immediate hypersensitivity reactions and half had delayed reactions. All SPTs to excipients and vaccines were negative. IDTs with all excipients were negative. IDTs with vaccines were positive in 11 patients and negative in 5. The histological and immunohistochemical study of the two selected patients with positive IDT with vaccine showed T-lymphocyte involvement. BAT and LTT were negative in both cases. The vaccination protocol could be completed in 7 of 16 patients (44%) studied. The remaining 9 patients did not receive the second dose either because they already had the complete regimen or because they refused to be vaccinated.
Conclusions

Thanks to the allergological and immunohistochemical study, the vaccination protocol could be completed in about half of the patients who presented suspected hypersensitivity reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. IDTs with vaccines could be a valuable method for assessing the immunogenicity of the vaccines.
Effects of Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation on Body Temperature, Hormone, and Cytokine Levels in Broilers Exposed To Acute Heat Stress
Authors: Li Qiufen , Zhou Hua , Ouyang Jingxin , Guo Shuaipeng , Zheng Jun , Li Guanhong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of tryptophan supplementation on the rectal temperature, hormone, and cytokine levels in broilers subjected to acute heat stress. A total of 300 female Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to five dietary treatment groups with 6 replicates per treatment group and 10 birds per replicate. Broilers raised under thermoneutral (TN) conditions (22 ± 1°C) were fed a basal diet, and other broilers exposed to acute heat stress (34 ± 1°C) for 24 h were fed basal diets supplemented with 0%, 0.09%, 0.18%, and 0.27% tryptophan. Results indicated that acute heat stress increased the rectal temperature (P < 0.05), enhanced the concentrations of corticosterone, dopamine, adrenaline, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and corticotropin-releasing hormone in serum (P < 0.05), and elevated the levels of serum tryptophan hydroxylase 1, tryptophan 2, 3-dioxygenase, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, and kynurenate (P < 0.05), as compared with the TN group. Meanwhile, acute heat stress increased the levels of serum tryptophan, hypothalamic tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and interleukin-22 (P < 0.05) relative to the TN group. However, dietary tryptophan supplementation decreased the rectal temperature, reduce the levels of hormones associated with heat stress, and promoted the immune functions of heat-stressed broilers. Moreover, dietary supplemented with 0.18% tryptophan was evaluated to be the optimal level in broilers reared under acute heat stress.
Adapting a Foggy Future along Trans-Arctic Shipping Routes
Authors: song Shutong , Chen Yue , Chen Xianyao , Chen Changshuo , Li King-Fai , Tung Ka-Kit , Shao Qiuli , Liu Yilin , Wang Xiaoyu , Yi Li , Zhao Jinping 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Rapid retreat of Arctic sea ice extent in response to global climate warming expends the area of open ocean for new trans-Arctic shipping routes. Ship companies will benefit from the shortened sailing distance across the Arctic, but threats of intensified sea fog induced by the retreated sea ice, especially the potential risk of accidents due to low visibility, are not well considered when designing the trans-Arctic shipping routes. Here, we show that the sailing time along the previous suggested routes will increase nearly 10–30% caused by the impacts of sea fog. We further design a new route detouring to the low-fog-frequency area, based on the projected sea ice extent and the fog frequency in 21st century. The new route is 5–20% longer than the original one, but can save as much as 10% of total sailing time, and most importantly, will lower the risk of catastrophic accidents. Our estimates are similar in both RCP4.5 and 8.5 of CMIP5 simulations.
clicSAND for OSeMOSYS: a user-friendly interface using open-source optimisation software for energy system modelling analysis
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , de Wet Nicki , Shivakumar Abhishek , Goynes Philip , Valderrama Cesar , Kapor Vedran , Wright Jarrad , Yeganyan Rudolf , Tan Naomi , To Long Seng , Harrison John , Howells Mark 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Energy models are crucial for helping governments and policymakers plan long-term investments in the energy transition context. One of the most established open-source optimisation models is OSeMOSYS—the Open-Source Energy Modelling System. This paper presents a new interface—clicSAND—for OSeMOSYS, which shortens the learning curve and supports beginner energy modellers to perform long-term investment analyses efficiently. The freely available and open-source clicSAND software consists of a user-friendly Excel interface for entering data, powerful solvers, and a dashboard for visualising results. The results, which extend to 2070, can inform policy decisions and mobilise financial resources for sustainable development measures—for example, ensuring affordable and secure energy supply and mitigating the effects of climate change. This paper describes clicSAND's main benefits, architecture, and functionalities. Furthermore, a South-African case study carried out by participants of the latest international capacity building event—the EMP-A (Energy Modelling Platform for Africa) 2021—shows the results achieved by inexperienced users following a three-week training course. Finally, current applications and future extensions of the software are also presented.
The carbon economics of vegetative phase change
Authors: Lawrence Erica , Springer Clint , Helliker Brent , Poethig Scott 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Across plant species and biomes, a conserved set of leaf traits govern the economic strategy used to assimilate and invest carbon. As plants age, they face new challenges that may require shifts in this leaf economic strategy. In this study, we investigate the role of the developmental transition, vegetative phase change (VPC), in altering carbon economics as plants age. We used overexpression of miR156, the master regulator of VPC, to modulate the timing of VPC in Populus tremula x alba, Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays to understand the impact of this transition on leaf economic traits, including construction cost, payback time, and return on investment. Here we find that VPC causes a shift from a low-cost, quick return juvenile strategy to a high-cost, high-return adult strategy. The juvenile strategy is advantageous in light-limited conditions, whereas the adult strategy provides greater returns in high-light. The transition between these strategies is correlated with the developmental decline in the level of miR156, suggesting that is regulated by the miR156/SPL pathway. Our results provide an eco-physiological explanation for the existence of juvenile and adult leaf types, and suggest that natural selection for these alternative economic strategies could be an important factor in plant evolution.
Delineating potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge using a mathematical approach to remote sensing and GIS techniques
Authors: Ibrahim Majed , Shatnawi Amjed 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The management of available groundwater resources is vital in arid and semi-arid regions. Artificial recharging should be integrated with groundwater resources to maintain long-term water sustainability. This study applied the cost-effective and time-saving techniques of remote sensing and GIS to delineate the groundwater recharge potential in the Al-Sarhan Basin, located in arid and semiarid regions of Jordan, by following the weighted linear combination method. The results revealed three distinct groundwater potential recharge zones (low, moderate, and high potential zones). High to moderate groundwater recharge potential zones occupied 75% of the Al-Sarhan area with considerable artificial recharge capacity because of the suitable geology, soil texture, drainage density, and flat terrain conditions. The maps produced also depicted that 25% of the Al-Sarhan area possesses low groundwater recharging potential. The model further revealed that 93% of the wells in the study area were located in potential groundwater recharge zones.
Activatable Small Molecule Probes for Photoacoustic Imaging: Dyes
and Applications
Authors: Merkes Jean Michel , Kiessling Fabian , Banala Srinivas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract:
Abstract: Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is a non-invasive modality for molecular imaging and on the way to become a routine clinical diagnostic tool. The advantage of PAI over many other currently used modalities is its ability to potentially image in vivo a variety of enzymatic and physiological processes as well as metabolites in real time at high tissue depths. For this purpose, photoacoustic signal generating chromophores, which have the ability to change their signal characteristics upon reaction to their environments or trapping reactive species, are important. This review article provides an overview of the concepts for activateable small molecule probes for photoacoustic imaging, highlights the requirements on structural and optical properties, and describes their responses to the selective triggers.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Current Situation of Female Hormonal Disorder
Authors: Chaturvedi Vikash , Sharma Disha , Pandey Vaishnavi , Mishra Sudhanshu , Shrivastava Shobhit Prakash , Sharma Akanksha , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: February 2022

Aim:
This study aims to describe the various concerns and treatment strategies associated
with the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Polycystic syndrome of ovaries is the most prevalent
endocrine problem in adult women and is distinguished by anovulation, excess androgen, and the
involvement of ultrasound polycystic ovaries. Hirsutism, obesity, miscarriage, and menstrual irregularities
are the signs that are particularly troubling for patients. The hypothesis describes that
PCOS is a systemic disease reinforced by recent discoveries amplifying hormones and cytokines in
muscle mass tissue.

Result and discussion:
The treatment strategy should be adapted to the patient's phenotype,
problems, and willingness to replicate. Infertility care centers on treatments for activation of ovulation
and may include medications, such as metformin, letrozole, clomiphene, and gonadotropin.
The application of oral contraception and the adjuvant application of anti-androgens also includes
the management of hirsutism. For both treatments of infertility and long-term management, weight
loss in obese women with PCOS can be helpful.

Conclusion:
The literature survey concluded that the proper diagnosis and treatment of PCOS are
important; otherwise, it cannot be adequately controlled and can cause many metabolic disorders
and other health-related risks.