bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV Rapid Test Performance among Health Facilities enrolled in HIV Rapid Test Quality Improvement Initiative (RTQII) in Ethiopia
Authors: Yenealem Dereje , Kedir Shemsu , MekonnenWubie Asmare , Melese Daniel , Molalign Tamirat , Yemanebirhan Nebiyou , Mohammed Awad , Nurahmed Negash , Liknaw Wondimeneh , Lakew Abrham Kerealeme , Asrat Habtamu , Hailu Getnet , Kebede Addisu , Sisay Abay , Desta Kassu , Tsegaye Aster 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: As the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) rapid testing services expanded to reach the global target that 95% of people living with the virus will know their status by 2030, ensuring the quality of those services becomes critical. This study was conducted to assess the performance of HIV Rapid testing at sites in health facilities that were enrolled in the Rapid Test Quality Improvement Initiative (RTQII) in Ethiopia.
Methods: Characterized HIV proficiency testing (PT) panels of Dried Tube Specimen (DTS) were prepared, verified, and distributed to testing sites from August to December 2019. In addition on-site evaluation of HIV testing sites (HTSs) was conducted using a checklist to assess testing conditions. For proficiency testing, the study included 159 HIV testing sites (HTSs) in 41 Health facilities (HFs) in five administrative regions and two city administrations. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS version 20 and chi-square test was applied to identify the association between acceptable performance and contributing factors. Testing sites with 100% PT score as well as conducting the test with adherence to the National HIV Testing Algorithm were considered acceptable.
Results: The overall acceptable performance (100% PT score with the correct algorithm followed) was found to be 62% while 12% scored 80% and 11% scored between 20 to 60%. The rest 15 % were not considered as acceptable due to failure to adhere to the National HIV Testing Algorithm. Testing sites that participated in External Quality Assessment/Proficiency Testing schemes have shown better performance than those that did not participate with 70% and 56% performance respectively (p=0.057).
Learning from intersectoral initiatives to respond to the needs of refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants without status in the context of COVID-19 in Quebec and Ontario: A qualitative multiple case study protocol
Authors: Gautier Lara , Ruggiero Erica Di , Jackson Carly , Bentayeb Naïma , Béssiranthy Armel Ouffouet , Blain Marie-Jeanne , Chowdhury Fariha , Gueye Serigne Touba Mbacké , Haydary Muzhgan , Mahmoudi Laila , Maillet Lara , Mondal Shinjini , Pluye Pierre , Ziam Saliha , Touati Nassera 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants without status experience precarious living and working conditions which disproportionately expose them to COVID-19. In the two most populous Canadian provinces (Quebec and Ontario), to reduce the vulnerability factors experienced by the most marginalized migrants, the public and community sectors engage in joint coordination efforts called intersectoral collaboration. This collaboration ensures holistic care provisioning, inclusive of psychosocial support, assistance to address food security, as well as educational and employment assistance. This research project explores how community and public sectors collaborated on intersectoral initiatives during the COVID-19 pandemic to support refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants without status in cities of Montreal, Sherbrooke, and Toronto, and generates lessons for a sustainable response to the heterogeneous needs of these migrants.
Methods
This theory-informed participatory research is co-created with socio-culturally diverse research partners (refugees, asylum seekers and migrants without status, employees of community organizations, and employees of public organizations). We will utilize Mirzoev and Kane’s framework on health systems’ responsiveness to guide the 4-phases of a qualitative multiple case study (a case being an intersectoral initiative). These phases will include, 1) building an inventory of intersectoral initiatives developed during the pandemic, 2) organizing a deliberative workshop with representatives of the study population, community and public sectors respondents to select and validate the intersectoral initiatives, 3) interviews (n = 80) with community and public sector frontline workers and managers, municipal/regional/provincial policymakers and employees of philanthropic foundations 4) focus groups (n = 80) with refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants without status. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings will be used to develop discussion forums to spur cross-learning among service providers.
Discussion
This research will highlight the experiences of community and public organizations in their ability to offer responsive services for refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants without status in the context of a pandemic. We will draw lessons learnt from the promising practices developed in the context of COVID-19, to improve services beyond times of crisis. Lastly, we will reflect upon our participatory approach – particularly in relation to the engagement of refugees and asylum seekers in the governance of our research.
Clinical Implications of Aberrant PD-1 Expression for Acute Leukemia Prognosis
Authors: Ruan Yanjie , Wang Jiyu , Zhang Qiuye , Wang Huiping , Li Cong , Xu Xuanxuan , Zhai Zhimin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are the most common types of leukemia in adults with an overall poor prognosis. PD-1 alone or combined with other immune checkpoint blockade is a promising research direction for the treatment of acute leukemia (AL) patients. However, clinical Implications of aberrant PD-1 expression in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes of AML and ALL patients in assessing the prognosis of diseases, remains inconclusive.
Methods: In the present study, we used flow cytometry to evaluate PD-1 expression on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral circulation of AML and ALL patients and its clinical significance. A total of 53 AML patients, 44 ALL patients and 28 healthy controls were enrolled in this study and peripheral blood specimens were detected by flow cytometry.
Results: Our results indicated that percentages of CD4+PD1+ and CD8+PD1+ T lymphocytes in newly diagnosed and non-remission groups were significantly higher than healthy control both in AML and ALL patients. The high level of CD4+PD1+ and CD8+PD1+ T lymphocyteswere respectively poor prognostic indicators of AML patients and ALL patients but had no significant correlation with most common clinical risks.
Conclusions: Our findings show that aberrant PD-1 expression correlates with the prognosis of AL patient and may thus serve as poor prognostic indicators. Immunotherapy using PD-1 inhibitors may be a promising strategy for AML and ALL patients with peripheral circulating CD4+PD1+ and CD8+PD1+ T lymphocytes positively expressed, respectively.
Noninvasive Neuromonitoring with Rheoencephalography: A Case Report
Authors: Cannizzaro Louis A. , Iwuchukwu Ifeanyi , Rahaman Victoria , Hirzallah Mohammad , Bodo Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) autoregulation (AR) can be monitored using invasive modalities, such as intracranial pressure (ICP) and arterial blood pressure (ABP) to calculate the CBF AR index (PRx). Monitoring PRx can reduce the extent of secondary brain damage in patients. Rheoencephalography (REG) is an FDA-approved non-invasive method to measure CBF. REGx, a CBF AR index, is calculated from REG and arm bioimpedance pulse waves. Our goal was to test REG for neuromonitoring.
Methods
28 measurement sessions were performed on 13 neurocritical care patients. REG/arm bioimpedance waveforms were recorded on a laptop using a bioimpedance amplifier and custom-built software. The same program was used for offline data processing.
Results
Case #1: The patient’s mean REGx increased from − 0.08 on the first day to 0.44 on the second day, indicating worsening intracranial compliance (ICC) (P < 0.0001, CI 0.46–0.58). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 5 on both days. Case #2: REGx decreased from 0.32 on the first recording to 0.07 on the last (P = 0.0003, CI-0.38 to -0.12). GCS was 7 and 14, respectively. Case #3: Within a 36-minute recording, REGx decreased from 0.56 to -0.37 (P < 0.0001, 95%, CI: -1.10 to -0.76). Central venous pressure changed from 14 to 9 mmHg. REG pulse wave morphology changed from poor ICC to good ICC morphology.
Conclusion
Bioimpedance recording made it possible to quantify the active/passive status of CBF AR, indicate the worsening of ICC, and present it in real-time. REGx can be a suitable, non-invasive alternative to PRx for use in head-injured patients.
The Management of Children Aged 0-5 Years with Suspected Foreign Body Aspiration: A Prospective Study
Authors: Güler Ahmet Gökhan , Karakaya Ali Erdal , Kaya Mustafa Sabih , Öksüz Gözen , Bozan Ayşe Azak , Ural Dilan Altıntaş 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION
A simple algorithm for bronchoscopy was prepared in very young children
METHODS
The patients aged 0-5 years who were applied with bronchoscopy because of suspected foreign body aspiration (FBA) analyzed.
RESULTS
Evaluations were made of 89 patients, as 55 (61.7%) in the FBA (+) group and 34 (38.3%) in the FBA (-) group. FBA was determined most in the 1-2 years age group (28 patients, 50.9%, p=0.04) due to organic hard foodstuffs (94.5%, p<0.001). The parameters found to be significant were witnessing the event (OR:12.133, 95% CI: 3.147-46.774, p<0.001) and not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds (OR:7.556, 95% CI: 2.681-21.292, p<0.001). The most significant diagnostic finding was the determination of unilateral hyperventilation on x-ray (OR:16.730, 95% CI: 4.541-61.632, p<0.001). The operating time and length of stay in hospital was significantly shorter in the FBA (-) patients (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION
The presence of a witness, not obtaining unilateral respiratory sounds, and unilateral hyperventilation seen on x-ray are indications for bronchoscopy. In FBA (-) patients applied with bronchoscopy, the complication rate associated with the procedure is low, and the operating time and length of stay in hospital are short.
A research on age estimation methods of monumental Eastern Plane (Platanus orientalis) trees
Authors: Batur Mustafa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The subject of this study is the investigation of age estimation methods in monumental old plane trees. Some trees are very old and have extraordinarily large diameters. These trees are preserved as monumental trees due to their unusual characteristics. Since they are mostly located in rural areas, they contribute to the development of the rural environment in terms of tourism. The ages of these trees are important for determining their monumental value. It is difficult to determine their age using standard methods. Also, some trees may require estimation of age without injury. These predictions methods can have big errors. In this study, an original approach has been used to reduce age prediction errors. The study presents some sample models so that different models can be developed in different regions. Some regression models are used to improve the age estimation in this study. A total of 54-sample trees were used for age estimation. Of this total, 44 sample trees were used for model development and 10 sample trees were used for suitability testing. The models were ranked according to the success criteria. The regression models showed that for plane trees, the best model based on diameter is M10 (Radj: 0.71, score: 94). The best model based on diameter and annual ring variables was found as M22 (Radj: 0.70, score: 157). It was determined that, the M22 regression model can be used in age estimation with 14.79% average absolute error.
Automatic Assessment of Knee Osteoarthritis Severity in Portable Devices based on Deep Learning
Authors: Yang Jianfeng , Ji Quanbo , Ni Ming , Xin Peng , Wu Bo , Hu Hanwen , Zheng Qingyuan , Wang Yiming , Cheng Long , Zhang Guoqiang , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

For knee osteoarthritis, the commonly used radiology severity criteria Kellgren-Lawrence lead to variability among surgeons. And most existing diagnosis models require pre-processed radiographs and specific equipment.

Methods

All enrolled patients diagnosed as KOA who met the criteria were obtained from **** hospital. This study included 2579 images shot from posterior-anterior X-rays of 2378 patients. We used the RefineDet to train and validate this deep learning-based diagnostic model. After developing it, 823 images of 697 patients were enrolled as test set. The whole test set were assessed by up to 5 surgeons and this diagnostic model respectively. To evaluate the model’s performance. we compared the results of model with the KOA severity diagnoses of surgeons based on K-L scales.

Results

Compared to diagnoses of surgeons, the model achieved an overall accuracy of 0.977. Its sensitivity(recall) for K-L 0 to 4 was 1.0, 0.972, 0.979, 0.983 and 0.989 respectively; for these diagnoses, the specificity of this model was 0.992, 0.997, 0.994, 0.991 and 0.995. The precision and F1-score were 0.5 and 0.667 for K-L 0, 0.914 and 0.930 for K-L 1, 0.978 and 0.971 for K-L 2, 0.981 and 0.974 for K-L 3, 0.988 and 0.985 for K-L 4. And all K-L scales perform AUC > 0.90.The quadratic weighted Kappa coefficient between the diagnostic model and surgeons was 0.815(P＜0.01, 95%CI 0.727–0.903). The performance of the model is comparable to clinical diagnosis of KOA. This model improved the effciency and avoid the cumbersome image-preprocessing.

Conclusion

The deep learning-based diagnostic model can be used to assess the severity of knee osteoarthritis in portable devices according to Kellgren-Lawrence scales. On the premise of improving the diagnostic efficiency, The results are high-reliability and reproducibility.
The Potentials of Balinese Diasporas as Tourism Promoters
in Belgium and the Netherlands
Authors: Sutarya I Gede 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Balinese diasporas exist across the globe with a unique identity and connections with their homelands, as well as displaying the glittering Bali cultural landmark. Therefore, this study aims to examine the potential and practices of the Balinese diasporas as tourism promoters in different countries. The data were obtained through a qualitative approach, literature review, observation, and in-depth interviews. A qualitative-descriptive analysis was used, with the diasporas and tourism promotional mix theory as the theoretical method. The diaspora’s theory establishes identity and expresses a relationship between foreigners and their country of residence. The theory of "Tourism Promotional Mix" stated that cultural advancement is effective with the adoption of accessible media. The results showed that the Balinese diasporas establish identity and relationships through various religious celebrations associated with their homelands. This establishes cultural practices in the community where the diasporas live and acting as tourism promoter agents. The Balinese cultural practice is further promoted through various social media, such as Facebook and the recreational activities at the Pairi Daize Park, Belgium.
Triggering type 1 diabetes post-covid: molecular mimicry?
Authors: Andrade Luís Jesuino de Oliveira , Bittencourt Alcina Maria Vinhaes , de Oliveira Luís Matos , de Oliveira Luisa Correia Matos , de Oliveira Gabriela Correia Matos 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the possible similarity between the AA sequences of human insulin and human glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) with the SARS-CoV-2/COVID proteins to explain the possible trigger of DM1.
Methods
AA sequences of human insulin, GAD65 and SARS-CoV-2 were obtained from the Protein Data Bank archive information database (RCSB PDB). NetMHCpan v4.1 was used for epitope prediction. Sequences were compared using BLAST for epitope comparison and Pairwise Structure Alignment to assess protein similarity. The AA sequences of human insulin (4F0N) and GAD65 (2OKK) were compared with the sequences of the following SARS-CoV-2 proteins: SARS-Cov2 S protein at open state (7DDN), SARS-Cov2 S protein at close state (7DDD), SARS CoV-2 Spike protein (6ZB5), Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein N-terminal RNA binding domain (6M3M), Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein C-terminal RNA binding domain (7DE1), Crystal structure of NSP1 from SARS-CoV-2 (7K3N), and SARS-CoV-2 S trimer (7DK3)).
Results
The percent similarity between epitopes ranged from 45 to 60% (P 0.048) between both human insulin and SARS-CoV2 and for GAD 65 and SARS-CoV2, while the AA similarity of the evaluated samples ranged from 5.00–45.45% between human insulin and SARS-CoV2 and from 10.45–22.22% between GAD65 and SARS-CoV2.
Conclusion
Immunoinformatics data suggest a potential pathogenic link between SARS-CoV-2/COVID and DM1. Thus, by molecular mimicry, we found that sequence similarity between epitopes and AA sequence between SARS-CoV-2 / COVID and human insulin and GAD65 could lead to the production of an immune cross-response to self-antigens, with self-tolerance breakdown, which could thus trigger DM1.
The Social Cost of Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Krichene Hazem , Vogt Thomas , Piontek Franziska , Geiger Tobias , Otto Christian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The intensification of extreme weather events under global warming [1] requires the development of tailored evidence-based adaptation and mitigation strategies [2] to reduce the loss and damage caused by these events\cite [3]. Recently, first empirical evidence emerged that extreme weather events can have adverse impacts on economic development for more than a decade [4-7]. The neglect of these long-term effects in state-of-the-art integrated assessment exercises weighing the costs of climate change impacts against the costs of adaptation and mitigation measures may result in a critical lack of ambition in climate action [8]. We here estimate total and country-specific climate change-induced discounted annual damage (DAD) from tropical cyclones (TCs) for a large set of 41 TC-prone countries under different climate and socioeconomic futures. Accounting for the persisting impacts of TCs on the economy, these estimates reveal future adaptation needs of the countries. We then derive temperature-dependent TC damage function for a large set of 41 TC-affected countries that account for persistent growth effects. These functions allow us, for the first time, to quantify the country-level social cost of carbon (SCC) induced by TCs as a key metric to inform mitigation decisions. We find that for a middle-of-the-road scenario regarding greenhouse gas emissions, population development and economic growth, the additional average per-capita DAD corresponds to about one day of annual income lost for the average household in strongly affected high-income countries such as Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, the United States but also in TC-prone developing countries as for instance the Philippines or Vietnam. Further, accounting for TC impacts significantly increases the SCC of strongly affected major greenhouse gas emitters such as Japan (+39.8%), China (+8.1%), or the US (+6.3%) as well as globally by +2.1% (+5.4% in TC-affected countries). Our results underline the importance - and pave the way - to adequately account for the impacts of extreme weather events in integrated assessment of remaining climate damages along mitigation and adaptation pathways.
Magmatic immiscibility and the origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits
Authors: Pietruszka Dorota K. , Hanchar John M. , Tornos Fernando , Wirth Richard , Graham Nathan A. , Severin Kenneth P. , Velasco Francisco , Steele-MacInnis Matthew , Bain Wyatt M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The origin of magnetite-(apatite) iron deposits (MtAp) is among the most contentious issue in ore geology with competing models involving purely hydrothermal to magmatic processes. We study here melt inclusions trapped in plagioclase phenocrysts in andesite hosting the emblematic MtAp mineralization at El Laco, Chile. Our high-resolution study reveals that individual melt inclusions preserve complex processes of melt immiscibility including the separation of Si- and Fe-rich melts, the latter hosting other Cu-sulfide, phosphate-rich, and C-O-HFSE-rich residual melts. This assemblage is a small-scale analogue of the ore mineralization and establishes the missing link between silicate and Fe-P-rich melts which subsequently produce extrusive magnetite. These results strongly indicate that El Laco mineralization derives from crystallization of Fe-P-rich melts providing insight into the formation of similar deposits elsewhere.
Implementation of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structure in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
Authors: khan Bangul , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tissue engineers have recently been interested in triply periodic minimum surfaces (TPMSs) for use in creating biomimetic porous scaffolds. Improved cell attachment, migration, and proliferation may be achieved with TPMS scaffolds because of its many benefits, such as a high volume to surface area ratio, reduced stress concentration, and enhanced permeability compared to conventional lattice architectures. Some of the crucial tissue-specific parameters, such permeability, Elastic modulus, and pore size, have been considered by the designers of various TPMS scaffolds described in the literature. These days, triply periodic minimum surface (TPMS) is seen as a leading option for building porous structures due to its smooth edges, fully integrated porous architectures, and mathematically adjustable geometry. Many benefits of TPMS, however, are not being properly used in ongoing studies. This study suggests the future direction of the TMPS in the perspective of the mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to overcome many shortcoming which was faced by the researchers.
Investigation of the trend and cycles using the long-term records of annual precipitation in Shandong, China
Authors: Cao Shengle , Li Xinying , You Ruifeng , Diao Yijiao , Wang Jun , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The length of historical records is important for analyzing trends and multidecadal variabilities in precipitation. Conventional studies usually used historical precipitation data less than 60 years, which may cause inaccurate precipitation predictions. To better understand the effects of the study period on precipitation trends and cycles, the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope test were applied to analyze the trend and wavelet, while the multi-temporal analysis was used to study the cycles of long historical precipitation data at four rain gauge stations in Shandong Province, China. The analysis results using long-term records show an insignificant upward trend and a longer cycle in the annual precipitation, whereas a downward trend is found when using short-term records. Furthermore, it is found that selecting the length of the representative cycle derived from the precipitation data series as the time scale for the study proved to be more reasonable. A thorough consideration of the impact of cycles on trends should, therefore, be taken to facilitate a more accurate precipitation trend analysis.