bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the role of sodium nitroprusside, a nitric oxide donor, on vase life and postharvest attributes of Alstroemeria aurea ‘Orange Queen’
Authors: Sadeghi Soheila , Jabbarzadeh Zohreh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Senescence is the important physiological process that impact the quality of cut flowers. Alstroemeria is one of the major cut flowers that has received a lot of attention in recent years due to its high yield, extremely beautiful flowers and variety of colors. In order to improve the vase life and other postharvest characteristics of Alstroemeria cut flowers ‘Orange Queen’, preharvest foliar application of sodium nitroprusside, nitric oxide (NO) donor at concentrations of 0, 50, 100 and 200 µM and short-term treatment (pulsing) after harvest at the same concentration were performed as a factorial trial base on a completely randomized design. In this experiment, vase life, solution uptake, relative fresh weight, relative water content, malondialdehyde and catalase activity were measured. It was observed that nitric oxide improved postharvest characteristics. Foliar application of 100 µM sodium nitroprusside (SNP) along with pulsing of 50 µM SNP interdependent on vase life time period was observed to be the optimal dose for improving relative fresh weight (RFW), relative solution uptake (RSU), relative water content (RWC), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in Alstroemeria cut flowers. Vase life markedly extended by preharvest application of 100 µM SNP + 50 µM SNP as pulsing from 7 day to 16 day and thus those inducer effects were dose- and time-dependent. Taken together, these results suggest that SNP plays a critical role in multiple modes of action to prolong vase life via maintaining RFW, RWC, scavenging free radical in term of enzymes antioxidant, inhibiting lipid peroxidation in ‘Orange Queen’ of Alstroemeria cut flowers.
Mental Health Clinicians’ Perceptions of Nature-Based Interventions Within Community Mental Health Services: Evidence from Australia
Authors: Olcon Katarzyna , Tambyah Rachel , Allan Julaine , Destry Pete , Astell-Burt Thomas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Mental health conditions are one of the largest burdens of disease in Australia and globally. There is a need to seek innovative and alternative interventions that can prevent and alleviate mental health symptoms. Nature-based interventions (NBIs), namely programs and activities where individuals engage with natural environments with the aim of improving their health and wellbeing (e.g., nature walking groups), may be such an alternative. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of mental health clinicians on the potential benefits of, and barriers to, implementing NBIs within a community mental health setting. Methods: This study used a qualitative, exploratory research design. Fifteen mental health clinicians were recruited from the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Australia, and interviewed (September-October 2021) about their perceptions of NBIs within mental health settings. The semi-structured interviews were analysed using an inductive thematic approach and managed with NVivo. Results: Mental health clinicians viewed spending time in nature as relaxing, refreshing, and therapeutic. Many described it as part of their lifestyle and encouraged consumers to engage in nature-based activities on their own time. If NBIs were to be introduced as part of mental health services, clinicians expressed willingness to promote to with their consumers. Clinicians listed many potential benefits of NBIs for mental health consumers including improved mood, calmness and relaxation, a sense of empowerment, and social connections. Despite these benefits, clinicians were concerned about a variety of barriers to NBIs including consumers’ mental health symptoms such as anxiety or lack of motivation, scepticism, and geographic accessibility, as well as organisational barriers such as policies around safety risk.Conclusion: Responding to the individual and organisational factors that could hinder the implementation of NBIs while building on the existing evidence of the positive impact of nature on health and wellbeing and, as demonstrated in this study, mental health clinicians’ interest and supportiveness of NBIs, mental health services should consider the implementation of NBIs as part of routine practice.
Parallel, Component Training in Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision
Authors: MBChB Deena Harji , Aldajani Nour , Cauvin Thomas , Chauvet Alexander , Denost Quentin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThere has been widespread adoption of robotic total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer in recent years. There is now increasing interest in training robotic novice surgeons in robotic TME surgery using the principles of component-based learning. The aims of our study were to assess the feasibility of delivering a structured, parallel, component-based, training curriculum to surgical trainees and fellows. MethodsA prospective pilot study was undertaken between January 2021 and May 2021. A dedicated robotic training pathway was designed with two trainees trained in parallel per each robotic case based on prior experience, training grade and skill set. Component parts of each operation were allocated by the robotic trainer prior to the start of each case. Robotic proficiency was assessed using the Global Evaluative Assessment of Robotic Skills (GEARS) and the EARCS Global Assessment Score (GAS). Results Three trainees participated in this pilot study; performing a combined number of 52 TME resections. Key components of all 52 TME operations were performed by the trainees. GEARS scores improved throughout the study, with a mean overall baseline score of 17.3 (95% CI 15.1 – 1.4) compared to an overall final assessment mean score of 23.8 (95% CI 21.6 – 25.9), p=0.003. The GAS component improved incrementally for all trainees at each candidate assessment (p<0.001).Conclusion Employing a parallel, component-based approach to training in robotic TME surgery is safe and feasible and can be used to train multiple trainees of differing grades simultaneously, whilst maintaining high quality clinical outcomes.
Exosomes secreted from mesenchymal stem cells carry miRNA-486-5p to inhibit cell proliferation and EMT process to treat human lung cancer by down-regulating MIER3
Authors: Peng Jingcui , LI Bin , Hu Wenxia , LI Sa , Ding Cuimin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Exosomes are membrane-enclosed nanovesicles that shuttle active cargoes, such as mRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs), between different cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to migrate to the tumor sites and exert complex functions over tumor progress. We investigated the effect of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs)-derived exosomal miRNA-486-5p on lung cancer. Frist, during the co-culture experiments, we found that both MSCs and MSCs-derived exosomal can inhibit the proliferation and EMT process of A549 cells.Then we verified that the exosomes carry miRNA-486-5p, and overexpression of miRNA-486-5p inhibits the proliferation and EMT process of A549 cells. In addition, miRNA-486-5p carried by MSCs-derived exosomes regulates MIER3 expression through binding to its 3’UTR. Furthermore, the silenced MIER3 inhibits the proliferation of A549 cells and the EMT process. Finally, we verified that the tumor necrosis area of mice was reduced, miRNA-486-5p expression increased, and the EMT process was inhibited after exosome treatment in vivo. In conclusion, MSC-derived exosomal miRNA-486-5p directly and negatively targets MIER3 to suppress lung cancer.
Registered Trials on Stem Cell Therapy in Liver Diseases: a Cross-sectional Study on ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Ren Danfeng , Cao Wenya , Liu Jinfeng , Yan Taotao , Yang Yuan , Zhu Li , Fu Shan , Ni Tianzhi , Zhang Ze , Zhao Yingren , He Yingli , Yang Nan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Stem cells have the ability of self-renewal and differentiation into liver cells, suggesting as a promising therapy for liver diseases. However, the efficacy and safety for clinical application remain unknown for limited number of clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov contributes to the development of clinical practice. This study aimed to systematically analyze the registered trials on stem cell therapy in liver diseases based on ClinicalTrials.gov.Methods: We searched the registered trials on stem cell therapy in liver diseases on ClinicalTrials.gov up to 23 September 2021. We investigated the study type, source of stem cells, and kind of liver diseases of included trials and these characteristics were analyzed by SPSS18.0 software.Results: Five hundred and fifty-nine registered trials were initially identified on ClinicalTrials.gov and 92 trials were included ultimately. Among them, 84 trials were interventional trials and eight (8.70%) were observational trials. Twenty-four (28.57%) trails aimed to evaluate the efficacy, 16 (19.05%) to evaluate the safety, and 44 (52.38%) to evaluate both. For stem cell source, 73 trials (81.52%) used mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including 26 with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, 22 with umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, 20 with unclassified mesenchymal stem cells, and five with adipose tissue-derived stem cells. For liver disease classification, sixty trials focused on cirrhosis, 16 trials on liver failure, while eight trials on autoimmune liver disease. However, only 22 (23.91%) trials had been completed and four (4.35%) had available results on the website.Conclusions: Our study suggest that more stem cell therapy trials are needed in liver diseases and sponsors are encouraged to report the results.
TPNA10168, an Nrf-2 activator, stimulates glutathione production by inducing system Xc-, and g-glutamate cysteine ligase subunits in cultured mouse astrocytes.
Authors: Koyama Yutaka , Terada Natsumi , Nakamura Haruka , Ito Kyosuke , Kume Toshiaki , Izumi Yasuhiko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) is a transcription factor involved in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress and mediates the expression of various antioxidant-related molecules. We previously showed that TPNA10168, a novel Nrf-2 activator, has neuroprotective effects. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the cytoprotective action of TPNA10168, its effects on the expression of glutathione biosynthesis-related molecules in cultured mouse astrocytes were examined. Cultured astrocytes were prepared from the cerebra of 1-day-old C57BL/6N mice. mRNA and protein levels were measured by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Treatment with TPNA10168 (30 µM) increased the astrocytic Nrf-2 protein level. Nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 and its binding to the Nrf-2 recognition DNA fragment were stimulated by TPNA10168. The mRNA and protein levels of system Xc−, a cystine/glutamate exchange transporter, in cultured astrocytes were increased by TPNA10168. TPNA10168 also increased the expression of γ-glutamate cysteine ligase subunits (γ-GCLm and γ-GCLc). Accompanied by the increased expression of system Xc−, γ-GCLm, and γ-GCLc, the production of astrocytic glutathione was increased by TPNA10168. The effects of TPNA10168 on the expression of system Xc−, γ-GCLm, and γ-GCLc were reduced by the Nrf-2 inhibitor ML385 (10 µM). Rotenone (2.5 nM) induced cell death in cultured astrocytes; however, this effect was alleviated by TPNA10168. The results suggest that Nrf-2-mediated astrocytic glutathione biosynthesis is one of the mechanisms underlying the cytoprotective action of TPNA10168.
Knockdown of miR-129-5p alleviates intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeting surfactant protein D
Authors: Wu Miao , Bai Jiawei , Ma Chengtai , Wei Jie , Du Xianjin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An increasing number of microRNAs (miRs) have been shown to serve crucial roles in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of miR-129-5p on II/R injury in vitro and in vivo. It was revealed that the expression level of miR-129-5p was upregulated, whereas SP-D expression was downregulated in the intestinal tissues of I/R mice. Serum levels of diamine oxidase, FD-4 and D-lactic acid, which are commonly used indicators of intestinal mucosal permeability, were significantly decreased following miR-129-5p knockdown. By contrast, ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression levels were increased following miR-129-5p knockdown, as determined using IHC, which improved the function of the epithelial barrier. In addition, Caco-2 cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation, which can trigger II/R injury. miR-129-5p expression was increased, whereas SP-D expression was decreased by H/R exposure in vitro. Knockdown of miR-129-5p increased ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression in Caco-2 cells. Moreover, overexpression of SP-D improved the function of the epithelial barrier, as indicated by increased transepithelial electrical resistance values and decreased paracellular flux of FD-4. It was also found that liver and lung injury triggered by II/R was attenuated by miR-129-5p knockdown. Collectively, the present study suggested that miR-129-5p knockdown mitigated II/R injury by targeting SP-D.
Individuality and stability of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) faecal microbiota through time
Authors: Eisenhofer Raphael , Brice Kylie L. , Blyton Michaela D.J. , Bevins Scott E. , Leigh Kellie , Singh Brajesh K. , Helgen Kristofer M. , Hough Ian , Daniels Chris , Speight Natasha , Moore Ben D. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundGut microbiota studies often rely on a single sample taken per individual, representing a snapshot in time. However, we know that gut microbiota composition in many animals exhibits intra-individual variation over the course of days to months. Such temporal variations can be a confounding factor in studies seeking to compare the gut microbiota of different wild populations, or to assess the impact of medical/veterinary interventions. To date, little is known about the variability of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) gut microbiota through time. Here, we characterise the gut microbiota from faecal samples collected at 8 timepoints over a month for a captive population of South Australian koalas (n individuals = 7), and monthly over 7 months for a wild population of New South Wales koalas (n individuals = 5).ResultsUsing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we found that microbial diversity was stable over the course of days to months. Each koala had a distinct faecal microbiota composition which in the captive koalas was stable across days. The wild koalas showed more variation across months, although each individual still maintained a distinct microbial composition. Per koala, an average of 57 (± 16) amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were detected across all time points; these ASVs accounted for an average of 97% (± 1.9%) of the faecal microbial community per koala. ConclusionThe koala faecal microbiota exhibits stability over the course of days to months. Such knowledge will be useful for future studies comparing koala populations and developing microbiota interventions for this regionally endangered marsupial.
ABO blood groups and expression of blood group antigens of epithelial ovarian cancer in Chinese women
Authors: Li Lian , Wang Chao , Zhou Jingjing , Wang Lili , Xing Tongyu , Dai Hongji , Zhou Yao , Qi Lisha , Zhao Yanrui , Huang Caiyun , Li Haixin , Liu Ben , Zheng Hong , Chen Kexin , Li Ding 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background：The association of ABO blood groups with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk has been reported. However, the results are inconsistent and little is known about the alterations of histo-blood group antigens expression and ABO gene expression in ovarian tumor tissues. Methods：We used two single nucleotide polymorphisms in ABO gene (rs8176719 and rs8176746) to determine ABO blood group of 1,870 EOC cases and 4,829 controls. Expression of A and B antigen in 70 ovarian tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Gene expression and DNA methylation profiling was detected in ovarian tumor tissues.Results：In this case-control study, blood group A was associated with increased risk for EOC compared with blood group O (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 1.03 – 1.36, P = 0.019), this association remained significant after multivariate adjustment (adjusted OR = 1.48, 95% CI= 1.11 – 1.96, P = 0.007). Patients with blood group A had higher rate of aberrant histo-blood group antigen expression compared to patients with blood group O and B (76.5% vs. 21.1%, 5.0%, P<0.001). ABO gene expression was down-regulated in ovarian tumor tissues compared with paired adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.027). NFYB was positively correlated with ABO gene expression (r = 0.38, P<0.001) and DNA methylation level of four CpG sites was significantly inversely correlated with ABO gene expression (cg11879188, r = - 0.3, P = 0.002; cg22535403, r = - 0.30, P = 0.002; cg13506600, r = - 0.22, P = 0.025; cg07241568, r = - 0.21, P = 0.049). Conclusions：We identified blood group A was associated with increased EOC risk in Chinese women and provided the clues of the possible molecular mechanisms of blood group A related to ovarian cancer risk. Functional studies are warrant to clarify the role of A antigen and ABO gene in ovarian cancer carcinogenesis.
Comparative Study between Topical Steroid alone versus Combined Fractional Erbium:YAG laser with Topical Steroid in Treatment of Alopecia Areata
Authors: Shokeir Hesham Ali , Yousry Anas , Ibrahim Shady Mahmoud Attia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: AA is a common autoimmune skin disease that causes hair loss on the scalp and sometimes other areas of the body.Background and Objectives: New therapy approaches for alopecia areata are emerging, with the goal of improving clinical outcomes. In this study, the effects of topical steroids against fractional Er: YAG laser followed by topical steroids in the treatment of alopecia areata will be compared.Methods: A total of 30 participants with alopecia areata were included in the study. Each patient's lesions were treated with one of two methods: topical clobetasol propionate or fractional Er: YAG laser followed by topical clobetasol propionate. SALT score, patient satisfaction, and dermoscopic imaging were used to evaluate therapeutic response.Results: Both treatment modalities showed a significant clinical improvement in alopecia areata with a statistically significant reduction in the SALT score. The SALT score was more evident in the laser-steroid group. On comparing the dermoscopy findings in both treated areas before and after treatment, a significant reduction was found regarding all dermoscopic findings of alopecia areata in both modalities.Combining fractional Er: YAG laser with topical steroids is found to be a safe treatment modality and more effective than topical steroids in alopecia areata.
Lysophosphatidic acid enhances P2X3 receptor-mediated currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Qiao Wen-Long , Li Qing , Hao Jia-Wei , Wei Shuang , Li Xue-Mei , Liu Ting-Ting , Qiu Chun-Yu , Hu Wang-Ping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a lipid metabolite, plays a role in both neuropathic and inflammatory pain through LPA1 receptors. P2X3 receptor has also been shown to participate in these pathological processes. However, it is still unclear whether there is a link between LPA signaling and P2X3 receptors in pain. Herein, we show that a functional interaction between them in rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Pre-application of LPA enhanced P2X3 receptor-mediated and α,β-methylene-ATP (α,β-meATP)-evoked inward currents in a concentration-dependent and voltage-independent manner. LPA shifted the concentration-response curve for α,β-meATP upwards, with an increase of 44.18 ± 8.74% in the maximal current response of P2X3 receptors to α,β-meATP in the presence of LPA. Enhancement of α,β-meATP-evoked currents by LPA was blocked by the LPA1 receptor antagonist Ki16198, but not by the LPA2 receptor antagonist H2L5185303. The LPA-induced potentiation was also prevented by intracellular application of either G- protein inhibitor or protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, but not by Rho inhibitor. Moreover, LPA increased the membrane excitability of DRG neurons, with a significant increase in the amplitude of the depolarization and the number of spikes induced by α,β-meATP in the presence of LPA. Finally, LPA exacerbated α,β-meATP- induced nociceptive behaviors in rats. These results suggested that LPA enhanced the functional activity of P2X3 receptors in rat primary sensory neurons through a mechanism that depends on the activation of the LPA1 receptor and its downstream PKC rather than Rho signaling pathway, indicating a novel peripheral mechanism underlying the sensitization of pain.
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy and Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy representing Different Manifestations of the Same Spectrum in the Same Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Andres Quiroz-Gonzalez Erick , A. Quiroz-Reyes Miguel , Graue-Wiechers Federico 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The pachychoroid spectrum comprises various clinical manifestations. There are three exclusive characteristics, all of which have unknown etiology and controversial pathogenesis: a pachychoroid, the presence of pachyvessels at the external choroid and inner choroidal attenuation.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a patient with clinical and multimodal manifestations in the pachychoroid spectrum.Patients: Here, we describe a single patient with an unusual disease presenting as different clinical variants in both eyes simultaneously. The patient presented with acute visual loss in the right eye with massive hemorrhagic maculopathy and a chronic decrease in visual acuity and metamorphopsia in the left eye with pigmentary changes and subretinal fluid at the geometric center of the fovea. Method: The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological examination and multimodal imaging and was diagnosed with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), two different manifestations of the same disease spectrum occurring simultaneously.Results: Due to the active nature of the disease, the patient received three doses of intravitreal antiangiogenic agents in each eye.Conclusion: The diagnosis of CNV should always be considered when macular subretinal fluid is present. Although many different degenerative etiologies were considered, such as pathological choroidal neovascularization due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the pachychoroid spectrum, the evaluation of the choroid vasculature through swept-source or enhanced depth imaging OCT revealed the disease origin to be idiopathic. PCV and PNV are considered to represent a single end stage of the pachychoroid spectrum with different manifestations; the former presents with aneurysmatic characteristics, while the latter lacks this anomaly.