bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating Blasting Demolition Dust Micromorphology, Microscopic Agglomeration Process With Wetting Droplet and Suppression Effectiveness by Explosion Water Mist
Authors: Fu Jiangtao , Hu Lingling , Hu Minghua 
Published: July 2022

Blasting demolition has been widely used in the safe and efficient demolishing of construction buildings. Blasting demolition dust is the most visible and realistic harmful material during the blasting process. The characteristics and suppression of the blasting dust are scarcely addressed in the literature. This article investigated the micromorphology characteristic of blasting demolition dust from a typical building demolition project. The dust median size value D50 was 65.890 μm, and it showed a character of smooth edge, fluffy structure, and cracks. It consists of higher content of heavy metals than conventional cement powder particles, which include Mn, Ni, Zn, and As elements. The dust cannot be wet by municipal water for its hydrophobic character. A novelty method was proposed to set a methodology to form a stable, larger volume, and surface area water droplet on a rod stand, which provided more opportunities to find out and verify the microscopic agglomeration phenomenon and effectiveness between dust and different wetting droplets. The single dust-droplet collision results can be accurately recorded by the high-speed camera with a microscope, the collision and submergence time between blasting demolition dust particle and municipal water droplet on the stand was 2 ms, while the time was 1.125 ms with surfactant solution droplet, which was much shorter than the time of municipal water. The dust-droplet microscopic collision results were shown that the blasting demolition dust can be better wet and agglomerated by a surfactant solution. In blasting demolition projects, the BDD suppression methods with surfactant solution explosion mist have the highest efficiency, which can restrict the BDD’s concentration to 10 mg/m3.
Zinc Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate-Loaded Ag@mSiO2 Nanoparticles for Active Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Montaseri Hanieh , Simelane Nokuphila Winifred Nompumelelo , Abrahamse Heidi 
Published: July 2022

Colorectal cancer has high morbidity and mortality rate, with a high level of metastasis and recurrence due to the poor therapeutic effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an emerging clinical modality for cancer treatment provides remarkable advantages over existing treatments by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through light irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) in the presence of oxygen. PDT can induce immunity against recurrence and destruction of metastases. The application of nanoparticles (NPs) in targeted cancer therapy is coming to light to circumvent the limitations associated with low physiological solubility and lack of selectivity of the PS towards tumor sites. In this in vitro study, we proved the added value of NP systems on PS efficacy and a tumor-targeting ligand. Using core/shell Ag@mSiO2 NPs loaded with ZnPcS4 PS and folic acid (FA), stronger cellular localization in the human colorectal cancer cell line (Caco-2) was observed compared to the passive NC and free PS. Additionally, light-induced photodynamic activation of the ZnPcS4/Ag@mSiO2-FA nanoconjugate (NC) elicited a strong cytotoxicity effect mediated by post-PDT. The results also revealed that the active NC was able to decrease the cell viability remarkably to 38.0% ± 4.2 *** compared to the passive NC (67.0% ± 7.4*) under 0.125 µM ZnPcS4 (IC50). More importantly, the actively targeted NC-induced apoptosis where cell cycle analysis elaborated on cell death through the G0 phase, indicating the final NC’s efficacy 20 hr post-PDT treatment.
The Association Between Different Types of Dietary Carbohydrates and Colorectal Cancer: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Jonoush Mona , Fathi Soroor , Hassanpour Ardekanizadeh Naeemeh , Khalatbari Mohseni Golsa , Majidi Nazanin , Keshavarz Seyed Ali , Shekari Soheila , Nemat Gorgani Shiva , Torki Saheb Abbas , Sotoudeh Mahtab , Habibi Fatemeh , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Alizadeh Atiyeh , Doaei Saeid 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSeveral factors such as genetics and dietary intake are involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Higher intake of dietary carbohydrates may be associated with an increased risk of CRC. This study aimed to investigate the association between different types of dietary carbohydrates and CRC.MethodsThis hospital-based case–control study was carried out from June 2020 to May 2021 on 480 randomly selected participants including 160 CRC patients and 320 healthy controls aged 35–70 years in Firoozgar hospital, Tehran, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Nutritionist IV software was used to determine the intake of calorie and various forms of dietary carbohydrates including total carbohydrate, simple sugar, glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, lactose, and maltose.ResultsThe average daily intake of calorie, carbohydrates, sugar, glucose, fructose, sucrose, and maltose were significantly higher among CRC cases compared to the controls (All P &lt; 0.05). The logistic regression found significant associations between CRC with dietary intake of carbohydrates (OR = 1.009, CI 95%: 1.003–1.01, P = 0.002), sugar (OR = 1.02, CI 95%: 1.01–1.03, P &lt; 0.001), glucose (OR = 1.06, CI 95%: 1.01–1.11, P = 0.009), fructose (OR = 1.31, CI 95%: 1.19–1.43, P &lt; 0.001), sucrose (OR = 1.19, CI 95%: 1.12.−1.25, P &lt; 0.001), maltose (OR = 9.03, CI 95%: 3.93–20.78, P &lt; 0.001), galactose (OR = 1.31, CI 95%: 1.07–1.6, P = 0.008), and lactose (OR = 1.009, CI 95%: 1.01–1.18, P = 0.02). This association remained significant after adjustment for sex and age (except for galactose and lactose), and additional adjustment for sleep, tobacco, and alcohol level, and further adjustment for calorie intake and body mass index (BMI) (except for glucose).ConclusionsA positive association was found between CRC and dietary intake of carbohydrates, sugar, fructose, sucrose, and maltose. Following a low-carbohydrate, low-sugar diet may help prevent CRC. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Case Report: Can Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer and Pacemakers be the New Standard of Care?
Authors: Bhimani Fardeen , Johnson Kelly , Brodin N. Patrik , Tomé Wolfgang A. , Fox Jana , Mehta Keyur , McEvoy Maureen , Feldman Sheldon 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPartial breast irradiation with Intra-operative radiotherapy (IORT) has become a popular management option as opposed to whole breast radiation using external beam radiotherapy for breast cancer patients. While previous studies have highlighted the use of IORT in breast cancer patients, there is a scarcity of literature on the use of IORT in those who also have ipsilateral pacemakers. Thus, the aim of our case report is to highlight the applicability of IORT in breast cancer patients who also have a pacemaker.Case ReportsTwo female patients with an implanted dual-chamber pacemaker presented with a diagnosis of left-sided invasive ductal carcinoma on mammogram. Mammography of the left breast revealed a 10 mm and 7 mm spiculated mass, respectively, further confirmed with an ultrasound-guided core biopsy that was conclusive of clinical Stage I T1 N0 grade 2, ER +, PR + Her2 – invasive ductal carcinoma. They met our eligibility criteria for IORT, which is being performed as a registry trial. These patients underwent a wide excision lumpectomy along with IORT.ConclusionOur findings underscore the successful use of targeted IORT for breast-conserving surgery in a patient with invasive ductal carcinoma and pacemaker, hence eliminating the necessity for relocating pacemaker surgeries in these patients. Furthermore, no device failure or malfunction for the pacemaker was recorded before, during, or after the surgery, demonstrating the safety of using IORT in patients with preinstalled pacemaker despite a lack of evidence on safe radiation dosage or manufacturer guidelines. Nonetheless, the effects of IORT on pacemaker &lt; 10 cm were not studied in our patients and further clinical studies are recommended to reinforce the applicability and safe distance of IORT in breast cancer patients with pacemaker.
Endoscopic Resection Versus Surgery in the Treatment of Early Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bestetti Alexandre Moraes , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Proença Igor Mendonça , Junior Epifanio Silvino do Monte , Ribeiro Igor Braga , Sasso João Guilherme Ribeiro Jordão , Kum Angelo So Taa , Sánchez-Luna Sergio A. , Marques Bernardo Wanderley , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: July 2022

Background and AimEndoscopic resection (ER) is the preferred approach to treat early gastric cancer (EGC) in patients without suspected lymph node involvement and that meet the criteria for ER. Surgery is a more aggressive treatment, but it may be associated with less recurrence and the need for reintervention. Previous meta-analyses comparing ER with surgery for EGC did not incorporate the most recent studies, making accurate conclusions not possible.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine complete resection, length of hospital stay (LOHS), adverse events (AEs), serious AEs, recurrence, 5-year overall survival (OS), and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with EGC.ResultsA total of 29 cohorts studies involving 20559 patients were included. The ER (n = 7709) group was associated with a lower incidence of AEs (RD = -0.07, 95%CI = -0.1, -0.04, p &lt; 0.0001) and shorter LOHS (95% CI -5.89, -5.32; p &lt; 0,00001) compared to surgery (n = 12850). However, ER was associated with lower complete resection rates (RD = -0.1, 95%CI = -0.15, -0.06; p &lt; 0.00001) and higher rates of recurrence (RD = 0.07, 95%CI = 0.06; p &lt; 0.00001). There were no significant differences between surgery and ER in 5-year OS (RD = -0.01, 95%CI = -0.04, 0.02; p = 0.38), 5-year CSS (RD = 0.01, 95%CI = 0.00, 0.02; p &lt; 0.17), and incidence of serious AEs (RD = -0.03, 95%CI = -0.08, 0.01; p = 0.13).ConclusionsER and surgery are safe and effective treatments for EGC. ER provides lower rates of AEs and shorter LOHS compared to surgery. Although ER is associated with lower complete resection rates and a higher risk of recurrence, the OS and CSS were similar between both approaches.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42021255328.
Evaluation of LiangXue JieDu Therapy in Combination With Western Medicine for Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis
Authors: Shi Ke , Zhang Qun , Hou Jie , Zhang Yi , Bi Yufei , Wang Xianbo 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of LiangXue JieDu (LXJD) therapy in combination with Western medicine (WM) for acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).Methods: Articles on randomized controlled trials of LXJD therapy for ACLF were obtained from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, and China Biology Medicine databases, with the search range from database inception to March 2022. We evaluated the quality of data from these articles using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Evaluation indicators were total effective rate, mortality rate, complications, liver and coagulation function, and Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score. We then calculated the risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous variables and mean difference (MD) for continuous variables with a 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: The meta-analysis included 18 studies with moderate quality and totaling 1,609 patients. Compared with WM alone, LXJD therapy plus WM improved total effective rate [RR = 1.34, 95% CI: (1.24, 1.45)], while reducing mortality rate [RR = 0.54, 95% CI: (0.42, 0.70)] and complications [RR = 0.43, 95% CI: (0.26, 0.71)]. The combined treatment also improved prothrombin activity [MD = 1.30, 95% CI: (1.02, 1.59)], prothrombin time [MD = −0.90, 95% CI: (−1.40, −0.39)], international normalized ratio [MD = −0.59, 95% CI: (−0.93, −0.25)], alanine aminotransferase [MD = −0.92, 95% CI: (−1.30, −0.55)], aspartate aminotransferase [MD = −0.57, 95% CI: (−0.93, −0.21)], total bilirubin [MD = −1.07, 95% CI: (−1.38, −0.76)], and TCM syndrome score [MD = −1.70; 95% CI: (−2.03, −1.37)].Conclusions: This study suggests that LXJD therapy plus WM can significantly improves ACLF clinical symptoms and short-term outcomes. However, more high-quality trials are required to confirm the efficacy of LXJD therapy.
The Antioxidant N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Restores the Behavioral Deficits in a Neurodevelopmental Model of Schizophrenia Through a Mechanism That Involves Nitric Oxide
Authors: Lopes-Rocha Ana , Bezerra Thiago Ohno , Zanotto Roberta , Lages Nascimento Inda , Rodrigues Angela , Salum Cristiane 
Published: July 2022

The disruption of neurodevelopment is a hypothesis for the emergence of schizophrenia. Some evidence supports the hypothesis that a redox imbalance could account for the developmental impairments associated with schizophrenia. Additionally, there is a deficit in glutathione (GSH), a main antioxidant, in this disorder. The injection of metilazoximetanol acetate (MAM) on the 17th day of gestation in Wistar rats recapitulates the neurodevelopmental and oxidative stress hypothesis of schizophrenia. The offspring of rats exposed to MAM treatment present in early adulthood behavioral and neurochemical deficits consistent with those seen in schizophrenia. The present study investigated if the acute and chronic (250 mg/kg) treatment during adulthood with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a GSH precursor, can revert the behavioral deficits [hyperlocomotion, prepulse inhibition (PPI), and social interaction (SI)] in MAM rats and if the NAC-chronic-effects could be canceled by L-arginine (250 mg/kg, i.p, for 5 days), nitric oxide precursor. Analyses of markers involved in the inflammatory response, such as astrocytes (glial fibrillary acid protein, GFAP) and microglia (binding adapter molecule 1, Iba1), and parvalbumin (PV) positive GABAergic, were conducted in the prefrontal cortex [PFC, medial orbital cortex (MO) and prelimbic cortex (PrL)] and dorsal and ventral hippocampus [CA1, CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus (DG)] in rats under chronic treatment with NAC. MAM rats showed decreased time of SI and increased locomotion, and both acute and chronic NAC treatments were able to recover these behavioral deficits. L-arginine blocked NAC behavioral effects. MAM rats presented increases in GFAP density at PFC and Iba1 at PFC and CA1. NAC increased the density of Iba1 cells at PFC and of PV cells at MO and CA1 of the ventral hippocampus. The results indicate that NAC recovered the behavioral deficits observed in MAM rats through a mechanism involving nitric oxide. Our data suggest an ongoing inflammatory process in MAM rats and support a potential antipsychotic effect of NAC.
Treatment of Liver Fibrosis: A 20-Year Bibliometric and Knowledge-Map Analysis
Authors: Dai Yun-Kai , Zhao Zhi-Min , Liu Chenghai 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: To analyze the research hotspots, evolution, and trends of the treatment of liver fibrosis in the recent 20 years, bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis were used.Methods: Publications associated with the treatment of liver fibrosis were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection on 16 April 2022. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 were calculated to perform bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis.Results: A total of 72,686 authors from 200 institutions in 134 countries/regions published 15,237 studies in different academic journals. United States was the most productive country, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most published institution. Trauner Michael had the most published articles, whereas Scott L. Friedman was the most frequently co-cited author. Moreover, there was frequent inter-institution cooperation between countries in the years 2015 and after, but the before years showed rare inter-institution cooperation. The journal HEPATOLOGY was both the most published publication and the most frequently co-cited one in this field. Screened keywords, such as virus infection, inflammation, oxidative stress, activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC), and hepatocellular apoptosis, could be both therapeutic targets and pathological mechanisms in terms of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, long-term suppression of hepatitis B virus replication and the activation of HSC were the latest hotspots and topics related to the treatment of liver fibrosis. Besides, the treatments of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were also involved in the treatment of liver fibrosis, which were both emerging topics and rapidly developing hot fields.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis conducted a full overview of the treatment of liver fibrosis, which provided important clues and ideas for scholars focusing on this field. Not only that, the field is still in a stage of rapid development and will continue to be a research hotspot in the future.
An Inexpensive Open-Source Chamber for Controlled Hypoxia/Hyperoxia Exposure
Authors: Hillman Tyler C. , Idnani Ryan , Wilson Christopher G. 
Published: July 2022

Understanding hypoxia/hyperoxia exposure requires either a high-altitude research facility or a chamber in which gas concentrations are precisely and reproducibly controlled. Hypoxia-induced conditions such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), obstructive or central apneas, and ischemic stroke present unique challenges for the development of models with acute or chronic hypoxia exposure. Many murine models exist to study these conditions; however, there are a variety of different hypoxia exposure protocols used across laboratories. Experimental equipment for hypoxia exposure typically includes flow regulators, nitrogen concentrators, and premix oxygen/nitrogen tanks. Commercial hypoxia/hyperoxia chambers with environmental monitoring are incredibly expensive and require proprietary software with subscription fees or highly expensive software licenses. Limitations exist in these systems as most are single animal systems and not designed for extended or intermittent hypoxia exposure. We have developed a simple hypoxia chamber with off-the-shelf components, and controlled by open-source software for continuous data acquisition of oxygen levels and other environmental factors (temperature, humidity, pressure, light, sound, etc.). Our chamber can accommodate up to two mouse cages and one rat cage at any oxygen level needed, when using a nitrogen concentrator or premixed oxygen/nitrogen tank with a flow regulator, but is also scalable. Our system uses a Python-based script to save data in a text file using modules from the sensor vendor. We utilized Python or R scripts for data analysis, and we have provided examples of data analysis scripts and acquired data for extended exposure periods (≤7 days). By using FLOS (Free-Libre and open-source) software and hardware, we have developed a low-cost and customizable system that can be used for a variety of exposure protocols. This hypoxia/hyperoxia exposure chamber allows for reproducible and transparent data acquisition and increased consistency with a high degree of customization for each experimenter’s needs.
Development and Evaluation of Orthographic Knowledge Awareness Scale for Children Aged 6–12 Years
Authors: Xie Yachun , Xu Qu , Liu Liying , Yao Mengmeng , Liu Panting , Tong Meiling , Hong Qin , Chi Xia 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveThis study primarily aimed to develop an orthographic knowledge awareness scale in Mandarin for children aged 6–12 years. Related factors affecting orthographic knowledge awareness in children were analyzed, and a basis for individualized intervention was provided to improve reading and writing.MethodsA conceptual framework for orthographic knowledge awareness in children aged 6–12 years was determined through a detailed reading of the literature on Chinese character orthography, combined with qualitative interviews of the target population and consultation with experts. The orthographic knowledge awareness scale initially consisted of three versions: for grades 1–2 (210 items), grades 3–4 (207 items), and grades 5–6 (220 items), accumulating a total of 637 items. The initial scale was then used for the study involving children aged 6–12 years in Maanshan City, Jiangsu Province. Various approaches to screening items were comprehensively used to determine the formal version of the orthographic knowledge awareness scale. The official scale was ultimately used to conduct the third round of surveys among 1,354 children aged 6–12 years in ordinary primary schools located in 5 cities in Jiangsu Province, namely, Changzhou, Lianyungang, Nantong, Xuzhou, and Yangzhou. The reliability, validity, and discriminating power of the formal scale were evaluated.ResultsA total of 360 items were included in the formal version of the orthographic knowledge awareness scale. The formal scale was divided into three versions for grades 1–2, 3–4, and 5–6. Each grade version consisted of 120 items. The scale was composed of the stroke awareness test, radical awareness test, and left–right reversal test. The cumulative variance contribution rates of grades 1–2, 3–4, and 5–6 were 82.47, 61.71, and 64.19%, respectively. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the three-grade version of the scale were 0.989, 0.946, and 0.938; the split-half reliability coefficients were 0.925, 0.766, and 0.847; and the test–retest reliability coefficients were 0.847, 0.895, and 0.8928, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed orthographic knowledge awareness scale for children aged 6–12 years exhibits good reliability and validity. The formal scale consisted of two dimensions: identification of left–right reversal at the stroke and radical levels and the left–right reversal at the whole character level. The two dimensions can more comprehensively reflect the ability of children to discriminate orthographic structures.
Identifying the Subtypes of Major Depressive Disorder Based on Somatic Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study Using Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaohui , Zhu Yuncheng , Wu Zhiguo , Huang Jia , Cao Lan , Wang Yun , Su Yousong , Liu Hongmei , Fang Maosheng , Yao Zhijian , Wang Zuowei , Wang Fan , Wang Yong , Peng Daihui , Chen Jun , Fang Yiru 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundTwo-thirds of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients initially present with somatic symptoms, yet no study has used approaches based on somatic symptoms to subtype MDD. This study aimed to classify MDD via somatic symptoms and tracked the prognosis of each subtype.MethodsData were obtained from the study of Algorithm Guided Treatment Strategies for Major Depressive Disorder (AGTs-MDD). We recruited 395 subjects who received monotherapy of mirtazapine or escitalopram and conducted 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-week follow-up assessments (n = 311, 278, 251, 199, and 178, respectively). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed on somatic symptom items of the depression and somatic symptoms scale (DSSS). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to study the longitudinal prognosis of the subtypes classed by LPA. Primary outcome measures were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), HAMD score reduction rate, as well as somatic and depressive items of DSSS.ResultsThree subtypes of MDD were found, namely, depression with mild somatic symptoms (68.9%), depression with moderate somatic symptoms (19.2%), and depression with severe somatic symptoms (11.9%). Scores of HAMD (F = 3.175, p = 0.001), somatic (F = 23.594, p &lt; 0.001), and depressive (F = 4.163, p &lt; 0.001) DSSS items throughout the 12-week follow-up showed statistical difference among the three subtypes. The moderate group displayed a higher HAMD-17 score and a lower reduction rate at the 6th week, and more severe depressive symptoms both at the 4th and 6th weeks.ConclusionThe results indicate that somatic symptoms should be emphasized in patients with MDD, and more attention is needed for those with moderate somatic symptoms, which may be relevant to a worse prognosis.