bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rights and overall life satisfaction of 10- and 12-year-old children in three countries
Authors: Casas Ferran , Bedin Lívia , González-Carrasco Mònica , Sarriera Jorge Castellá , Alfaro Jaime 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrevious research has shown that knowledge of the rights of the child and their perceptions about their own participation may contribute to children’s subjective well-being (SWB), and that satisfaction with how adults listen to children and take what they say into account is highly related to children’s SWB in many countries. Thus, the aims of this article are: (a) exploring the contribution to children’s subjective well-being of several items related to their perceptions of their own participation rights in different contexts of their lives; (b) analysing whether or not the ways in which children are listened to and taken into account by adults are mediating the connection to SWB in these children’s participation perceptions; and (c) analysing whether the relationships between these variables differ depending on the country, age group and gender. This article includes the third wave of the Children’s Worlds dataset with 7,570 10- and 12-year-old participants (51% girls) from Brazil, Chile and Spain. There are nine rights-related items and a SWB scale (CW-SWBS) used in this analysis. The main results suggest that perceptions related to children’s rights and the opportunities to participate in decisions affecting them in three different contexts (home, school and area where the child lives) significantly contributed to their SWB. Advancing the research into this matter can provide an opportunity to invest in psychosocial interventions that focus on improving children’s well-being and empowering them through the knowledge of their rights and their role as agents of public policy changes.
Six new species of Danaea (Marattiaceae) and the synonymisation of Danaea quebradensis
Authors: Keskiniva Janina Sofia , Tuomisto Hanna 
Published: April 2022

SummaryWe describe six new species in the neotropical fern genusDanaeaSm. (Marattiaceae). These areD. alansmithiiTuomisto & Keskiniva in subgenusArthrodanaeaandD. gracilisTuomisto & Keskiniva,D. lanceolataTuomisto & Keskiniva,D. strictaTuomisto & Keskiniva,D. tenuicaulisTuomisto & Keskiniva, andD. vanderwerffiiTuomisto & Keskiniva in subgenusHolodanaea. Recent synonymisations in the genus are discussed, a former synonymisation ofD. lucensA.Rojas is reverted andD. quebradensisChristenh. is synonymised underD. lucens.
Formulation of lyotropic liquid crystal emulsion based on natural sucrose ester and its tribological behavior as novel lubricant
Authors: Guo Yumei , Li Jiusheng , Zhou Xiaojie , Tang Yuzhao , Zeng Xiangqiong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe tribological behavior of oil-in-water emulsions formulated with natural lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) emulsifiers based on natural sucrose ester was studied for the first time. Polarized optical microscopy, synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering, wide-angle X-ray scattering, and synchrotron radiation infrared microspectroscopy demonstrated that LLC emulsifiers were tightly ordered at the oil—water interface with a distinct nematic texture. The viscosity of emulsion was observed to change over time. Moreover, the zeta potential and laser particle size distribution verified the emulsion’s satisfactory stability. The frictional shearing test proved that the coefficient of friction of the emulsion versus pure oil decreased by 34.2%. The coefficient of friction of the emulsion with liquid crystal decreased 10.1% versus that without liquid crystal. Although liquid crystal emulsion did not exhibit outstanding anti-wear performance compared with pure oil, its wear volume was 29.4% less than the emulsion without liquid crystal. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope—energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM—EDS) proved that the tribo-film of the emulsion with liquid crystal was formed synergistically by the liquid crystal phase with the base oil. The formulation affecting the lubricant quality was further studied by orthogonal experiments. The resulting Stribeck curve behavior suggested that proper composition with a slightly higher viscosity can better reduce friction in both boundary lubrication and mixed lubrication regimes. The lubrication mechanism indicated that the periodically ordered liquid crystal was transported to the sliding asperity in the form of emulsion droplets, which bored the pressure and released the oil to form a tribo-film. This LLC emulsion is environmentally friendly and potentially non-irritant to the skin. Thus, it has promising application prospects as novel water-based and biological lubricants.
Tribological behaviour of fused deposition modelling printed short carbon fibre reinforced nylon composites with surface textures under dry and water lubricated conditions
Authors: Luo Ming , Huang Siyu , Man Ziyan , Cairney Julie M. , Chang Li 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFused deposition modelling (FDM) printed short carbon fibre reinforced nylon (SCFRN) composites were fabricated. The friction and wear behaviour of printed materials were systematically investigated under both dry sliding and water lubricated conditions. The results showed that with short fibre enhancements, the printed SCFRN achieved a lower friction coefficient and higher wear resistance than nylon under all tested conditions. Further, under water lubricated conditions, the printed SCFRN exhibited a low, stable friction coefficient due to the cooling and lubricating effects of water. However, the specific wear rate of the printed specimens could be higher than that obtained under dry sliding conditions, especially when the load was relatively low. The square textured surface was designed and created in the printing process to improve materials’ tribological performance. It was found that with the textured surface, the wear resistance of the printed SCFRN was improved under dry sliding conditions, which could be explained by the debris collection or cleaning effect of surface texture. However, such a cleaning effect was less noticeable under lubricated conditions, as the liquid could clean the surface effectively. On the other hand, surface textures could increase the surface area exposed to water, causing surface softening due to the higher water absorption rate. As a result, the samples having surface textures showed higher wear rates under lubricated conditions. The work has provided new insights into designing wear resistant polymer materials using three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, subjected to different sliding conditions.
Two-dimensional molybdenum carbide (MXene) as an efficient nanoadditive for achieving superlubricity under ultrahigh pressure
Authors: Yi Shuang , Guo Yitong , Li Jinjin , Zhang Yuxin , Zhou Aiguo , Luo Jianbin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, a robust macroscale liquid superlubricity with a coefficient of friction of 0.004 was achieved by introducing molybdenum carbide (Mo2CTx) MXene nanoparticles as lubricating additives in a lithium hexafluorophosphate-based ionic liquid at Si3N4—sapphire interfaces. The maximal contact pressure in the superlubricity state could reach 1.42 GPa, which far exceeds the limit of the superlubricity regime in previous studies. The results indicate that a composite tribofilm (mainly containing molybdenum oxide and phosphorus oxide) that formed at the interface by a tribochemical reaction contributed to the excellent antiwear performance. Furthermore, the extremely low shear strength of the tribofilm and the interlayers of Mo2CTx MXene contributed to the superlubricity. This work demonstrates the promising potential of Mo2CTx MXene in improving superlubricity properties, which could accelerate the application of superlubricity in mechanical systems.
A reproducible methodology for absolute viral quantification and viability determination in mechanical inoculations of wheat streak mosaic virus
Authors: Ranabhat Nar B. , Bruce Myron A. , Fellers John P. , Shoup Rupp Jessica L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) is a common wheat virus causing economic losses to production in the Great Plains of North America. Reproducible inoculation of WSMV by mechanical methods is essential to evaluate the resistance in breeding lines and relies on successful inoculation and infectivity of the virus particles. We used reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) for absolute quantification of viral genome copy numbers in both WSMV inoculum and in infected wheat leaves. A time-course study was designed to determine the viability of WSMV in inoculum over time as well as the copy number related to the phenotypic rating scale. In the phosphate inoculation buffer, WSMV was stable with average viral genome copy number 1.86 × 106 ± 4.85 × 105. Plants inoculated with this inoculation buffer using finger rub mechanical inoculation contained WSMV genome copy numbers in the infected leaves ranging between 2.66 × 104and 4.69 × 106at 21 to 28 days post-inoculation. Viral copy numbers were statistically similar between leaves inoculated immediately and those inoculated at later time points. There was a weak linear relationship between phenotypic rating score and copy number in infected leaves with the linear model explaining 40% of the variability (R2 = 0.40) indicating the difficulty in disease assessment based solely on phenotypic symptoms. This work describes an accurate methodology to quantify virus concentration in the inoculum and infected plants, as well as emphasizes the demand for absolute measurement of virus load to validate the subjective assessment for unbiased viral disease assessment.
An FA-SegNet Image Segmentation Model Based on Fuzzy Attention and Its Application in Cardiac MRI Segmentation
Authors: Yang Ruiping , Yu Jiguo , Yin Jian , Liu Kun , Xu Shaohua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAiming at the medical images segmentation with low-recognition and high background noise, a deep convolution neural network image segmentation model based on fuzzy attention mechanism is proposed, which is called FA-SegNet. It takes SegNet as the basic framework. In the down-sampling module for image feature extraction, a fuzzy channel-attention module is added to strengthen the discrimination of different target regions. In the up-sampling module for image size restoration and multi-scale feature fusion, a fuzzy spatial-attention module is added to reduce the loss of image details and expand the receptive field. In this paper, fuzzy cognition is introduced into the feature fusion of CNNs. Based on the attention mechanism, fuzzy membership is used to re-calibrate the importance of the pixel value in local regions. It can strengthen the distinguishing ability of image features, and the fusion ability of the contextual information, which improves the segmentation accuracy of the target regions. Taking MRI segmentation as an experimental example, multiple targets such as the left ventricles, right ventricles, and left ventricular myocardium are selected as the segmentation targets. The pixels accuracy is 92.47%, the mean intersection to union is 86.18%, and the Dice coefficient is 92.44%, which are improved compared with other methods. It verifies the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method for the medical images segmentation, especially the targets with low-recognition and serious occlusion.
Pragmatic Inferences and Moral Factors in Treaty Interpretation—Applying Experimental Linguistics to International Law
Authors: Pirker Benedikt , Skoczeń Izabela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe article argues, based on results from massive online survey experiments, that, just as the utterances from ordinary conversation, legal rules can convey a surplus meaning, which is more than just the amalgam of the meanings of the words which are employed in the legal rule’s formulation. More precisely, the experiments check whether a typology of the types of this surplus meaning—pragmatic typology—describes adequately the psychological processing of, not only everyday speech, but also legal rules. In two experiments—total N = 733—we find that in morally neutral cases the pragmatic typology adequately describes the psychological processes involved in the interpretation of a legal rule. However, we also find that in morally valenced cases, it is rather the moral inferences carried by participants that shape the pragmatic inferences than the other way around.
How Insights on Bounded Rationality Could Inform the International Law of Environmental Assessments
Authors: van der Zee Eva 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article assesses how the bounded rationality of the public, planning authorities, and experts distorts the environmental assessment (EA) process and how the international law on EAs could overcome such distortions. Data was gathered through the analysis of relevant law and policy documents, as well as authoritative court texts. This article concludes that the current international law on EAs does not sufficiently take behavioral insights into account. Several ways as to how insights on bounded rationality could be incorporated into the international law on EAs are discussed.
Rotating opportunistic prevalence audit: A new pragmatic audit method is effective at identifying misuse of ciprofloxacin in a large academic hospital
Authors: Chen Justin Z. , Waldner David A. , Saxinger Lynora M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rotating opportunistic prevalence audit (ROPA) methodology is described with ciprofloxacin prescriptions in adults hospitalized at a tertiary-care center. Prescription appropriateness was assessed. ROPA captured 82% of all ciprofloxacin prescriptions; 69% were inappropriate. ROPA is feasible and may overcome resource barriers of prospective audit and feedback.
A unified theory of slender wings in asymmetric motion, with an application to a swimming sea snake
Authors: Iosilevskii Gil 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The slender body theory is extended to accommodate cases where a wing, in generally non-uniform motion, sideslips at sufficiently large angle to make the flow separate from one of its long edges but not from any part of the other. In those cases, an approximately triangular wake forms to the side of the wing, rendering the pressure loads on the wing not only asymmetrical, but also dependent on the history of the wing's motion. The theory can have a wide range of possible applications, from estimating lift and drag of a slender wing in pronouncedly asymmetric flight, through analysing an aero-elastic stability of that wing, to estimating thrust, lift and power of a sea snake that swims at an angle to its body axis. Coherence of the theory is demonstrated through numerous numerical simulations.
Ringing in the papal restoration: Francesco Cancellieri's treatise on the Capitoline bells (1806)
Authors: Pattenden Miles 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn 1806 the antiquarian Francesco Cancellieri wrote a treatise on the new bells fabricated for thecampanileof the Capitoline palaces, replacing earlier ones destroyed during the Roman Republic of 1798-9. Cancellieri's text, and the story of those bells which it contains, offers important insights into the significance of bells in early nineteenth-century Italian Catholicism and also about clerical responses to trauma and loss. Close reading shows how Cancellieri used historical techniques to reconstruct an auditory community around the bells, part of the wider programme of ‘resacralisation’ which took place in Rome at this time. His words also hint at a complex and nuanced perspective on how to reconcile Rome's papal and republican traditions, which contrasts to later, more reactionary endeavours.
Association of nightly fasting duration, meal timing and frequency with the metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults
Authors: Zeraattalab-Motlagh Sheida , Lesani Azadeh , Janbozorgi Nasim , Djafarian Kurosh , Majdi Maryam , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccumulative evidence indicates that meal timing is associated with cardiometabolic risks by deteriorating circadian rhythms. However, evidence is unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relation between nightly fasting duration, meal timing and frequency and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Iranian adults. Eight hundred fifty adults were recruited in this study. Dietary data were collected by 24-h dietary recalls. Time-related eating patterns were determined as nightly fasting duration, occasions of eating, time and energy proportion of first and last meal and meal frequency on a day. The MetS was recognised on the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. A binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relation between meal timing and MetS. A significant inverse relation between habitual nightly fasting duration with MetS (OR = 0·74, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·99,P= 0·04) and ‘increased TAG’ (OR = 0·73, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·98,P= 0·03) was found after confounder adjustment. Also, habitual first and last meal energy had no significant connection with MetS. However, the odds of ‘increased fasting blood glucose’ were lower in subjects who consumed ≥25% of habitual energy intake in the last meal (OR = 0·60, 95 % CI 0·42, 0·85,P= 0·005). Having longer nightly fasting duration may be useful for decreasing the risk of both MetS and ‘elevated TAG’. These findings introduce a new insight that time-related eating patterns, instead of nightly fasting duration alone, might be related to cardiometabolic risks in Iranian adults.
Dynamic occupancy modelling to determine the status of a Critically Endangered lizard
Authors: Turner Heléna , Griffiths Richard A. , Outerbridge Mark E. , Garcia Gerardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMonitoring of cryptic or threatened species poses challenges for population assessment and conservation, as imperfect detection gives rise to misleading inferences about population status. We used a dynamic occupancy model that explicitly accounted for occupancy, colonization, local extinction and detectability to assess the status of the endemic Critically Endangered Bermuda skink Plestiodon longirostris. During 2015–2017, skinks were detected at 13 of 40 surveyed sites in Bermuda, two of which were new records. Ten observation-level and site-specific covariates were used to explore drivers of occupancy, colonization, extinction and detectability. Sites occupied by skinks tended to be islands with rocky coastal habitat and prickly pear cacti; the same variables were also associated with reduced risk of local extinction. The presence of seabirds appeared to encourage colonization, whereas the presence of cats had the opposite effect. The probability of detection was p = 0.45, and on average, five surveys were needed to reliably detect the presence of skinks with 95% certainty. However, skinks were unlikely to be detected on sites with cat and rat predators. Dynamic occupancy models can be used to elucidate drivers of occupancy dynamics, which in turn can inform species conservation management. The survey effort needed to determine population changes over time can be derived from estimates of detectability.
Endemic lizard Gallotia galloti is a paratenic host of invasive Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Tenerife, Spain
Authors: Anettová Lucia , Izquierdo-Rodriguez Elena , Foronda Pilar , Baláž Vojtech , Novotný Ladislav , Modrý David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAngiostrongylus cantonensis is an invasive zoonotic nematode which causes eosinophilic meningitis in accidental hosts – vertebrates including humans – and is known to impact wildlife. Even though the parasite originates in Southeast Asia, it has spread worldwide, especially into fragile island ecosystems. The Canary Islands are a biodiversity hot spot with numerous endemic species affected by biological invasions. Among others, Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus threaten many endemic species by predation and may spread invasive pathogens, such as the rat lungworm A. cantonensis, which was first described in Tenerife in 2010. Since it is known that lizards can act as paratenic hosts for A. cantonensis and Gallotia galloti is a lizard abundant in Tenerife, the aim of this study was to reveal the role of these endemic lizards in the parasite's life cycle. Gallotia galloti were captured in Tegueste, Tenerife, and after euthanasia, liver and tail muscle samples were examined for the presence of A. cantonensis. During microscopic examination, 8/36 liver samples (22.2%) contained granulomas with nematode larvae. In total, 10/39 liver samples (25.6%) and 7/36 tail muscle samples (19.4%) were positive for A. cantonensis DNA using qPCR. This is a first report of a reptile endemic to the Canary Islands acting as paratenic host of A. cantonensis. The fact that the parasite is obviously well-established in the island ecosystem and exploits endemic lizards as hosts may have important implications for the parasite's ecoepidemiology. Moreover, the parasite might threaten other species which depend on lizards in the island trophic web.
The French intensifierauto,and the roles ofvand Voice in introducing agents
Authors: Labelle Marie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe paper focuses on the syntax and semantics of the French verbal prefixauto. It is proposed thatautois an intensifier stating that no agent other than the one specified in the clause (agent-focusing), or, in anticausative clauses, no agent (agent-denying), is responsible for the event. Syntactically,automerges with a verbal projection, and the nature of the constituent to which it attaches determines and constrains the interpretation of the clause. The proposed analysis ofautoprovides support for generative approaches in which avhead introduces the external argument role, while a grammatical Voice head determines its syntactic realization.
Electoral Strategy or Historical Legacy? The CDU’s Reactions to Far-Right Parties in the Federal Republic of Germany, 1964–1990
Authors: Berg Anna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article investigates how established political parties react to the emergence of a far-right party. Prevailing approaches explain established parties’ reactions either as based on a spatial model of politics or as determined by historical trajectory and political culture. Neither approach sufficiently accounts for how party leaders choose between these competing motives for actions or how their strategizing might evolve over time. To complement existing approaches, I suggest understanding the emergence of far-right parties as a problem of interpretation. How parties react to far-right emergence depends on what kinds of heuristics they draw on to make sense of the phenomenon of far-right voting. To validate my approach, I study different stances Germany’s center-right Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands (CDU) has taken toward two far-right parties in postwar West German history: the Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (NPD), from 1964 to 1969, and the Die Republikaner (REP) from 1983 to 1990. Using archival material documenting internal deliberation, I argue that the social sciences have played a crucial role for how CDU leaders have evolved in their interpretation of far-right emergence. In the 1960s, party leaders drew from external social expertise on the far-right to discount the idea that the NPD was a resurgence of Nazism. In the 1980s, they were concerned with a reform project of their own party, leading them to grasp the REP through heuristics provided by scholarship on electoral strategizing. This resulted in a shift in strategies of repression against the NPD to strategies of demarcation versus co-optation against the REP.