bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forms of application of silicon in quinoa and benefits involved in the association between productivity with grain biofortification
Authors: Lata-Tenesaca Luis Felipe , de Mello Prado Renato , de Cássia Piccolo Marisa , da Silva Dalila Lopes , da Silva José Lucas Farias , Ajila-Celi Gabriela Eugenia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultiple aspects of the physiological and nutritional mechanisms involved with silicon (Si) absorption by quinoa plants remain poorly investigated, as well as the best way of supplying this element to crops. Thus, this study aimed at evaluating whether the application of Si increases its uptake by quinoa plants and consequently the use efficiency of N and P, as well as the levels of phenolic compounds in the leaves, crop productivity and the biofortification of grains. For this purpose, the concentration of 3 mmol L−1of Si was tested, according to the following procedures: foliar application (F), root application in the nutrient solution (R), combined Si application via nutrient solution and foliar spraying (F + R), and no Si application (0). The provision of Si through the leaves and roots promoted the highest uptake of the element by the plant, which resulted in an increased use efficiency of N and P. Consequently, such a higher uptake favored the productivity of grains. The optimal adoption of the application of Si through leaves and roots promoted the highest Si concentration and ascorbic acid content in quinoa grains.
Potential effects of regular use of antihypertensive drugs for in-hospital delirium in geriatric patients with trauma
Authors: Nagasawa Hiroki , Omori Kazuhiko , Ota Soichirou , Muramatsu Ken-ichi , Ishikawa Kouhei , Yanagawa Youichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough the regular administration of antihypertensive drugs is a risk factor for falls in older adults, whether their anti-inflammatory effects confer a survival benefit in older adults remains unknown. This single-center retrospective cohort study examined patients with trauma aged ≥ 65 admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and December 2020. Patients who had not received antihypertensive drugs before admission (i.e., AHT(−) group) and those who had received the drugs (i.e., AHT(+) group) were compared using a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, and the secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and the incidence of complications during the hospital stay. In total, 637 patients were analyzed. After propensity score matching, each study group had 223 patients. No significant difference was observed in the primary outcome (28-day mortality: AHT(−) group, 3.6% vs. AHT(+) group, 3.6%; adjusted relative risk: 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–2.62); only the in-hospital incidence of delirium was significantly low in the AHT(+) group (25.1% vs. 13.9%; adjusted relative risk: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82). Overall, the regular use of antihypertensive drugs did not affect outcomes in geriatric trauma patients; however, the incidence of delirium was reduced in those regularly receiving antihypertensive drugs.
Flow patterns in circular fish tanks and its relations with flow rate and nozzle features
Authors: Khater El-Sayed , Ali Samir , Abbas Wael , Morsy Osama 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this research is to study the effect of flow rate, diameter and number of nozzles on the rotational velocity, impulse force and average velocity of water in circular fish tanks. The results indicated that, the rotational velocity increases with increasing flow rates from 5 to 75 m3 h−1 by using 10 and 15 mm nozzles diameter with nozzles number of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30. The same results were also obtained when 20 and 25 mm nozzle diameter with nozzles number of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 were used. The impulse force of water decreases with increasing nozzle diameter from 10.0 to 15.0 mm with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 nozzles and from 20.0 to 25.0 mm with 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 nozzles. When the nozzle diameter increased from 10 to 25 mm the impulse force of water decreased with 15 nozzles. The average velocity of water decreases with increasing nozzles diameter from 10.0 to 15.0 mm with 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 nozzles and from 20.0 to 25.0 mm with 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 nozzles. When the nozzle diameter increased from 10 to 25 mm, the average velocity ranged from 1.07 to 48.76 cm s−1 for all treatments under study.
Propagation and attenuation characteristics of shock waves in a gas–coal dust explosion in a diagonal pipeline network
Authors: Jia Jinzhang , Tian Xiuyuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn order to obtain the propagation and attenuation characteristics of a shock wave gas–coal dust explosion, a diagonal pipeline network was built to carry out a gas–coal dust explosion experiment. Methane with a volume fraction of 9.5% was mixed with 20 g of coal dust with a particle size of 50 μm. The shock wave attenuation characteristics in the diagonal pipeline network were characterized by the overpressure attenuation coefficient. The results showed that when the shock wave propagated in the diagonal pipeline network, it was offset and superposed multiple times. The overpressure attenuation in diagonal pipes was greater than that in the other pipeline branches. Secondary explosions occurred at all monitoring points. The propagation characteristics of shock waves is less affected by the pipeline network structure when it is close to the outlet of pipeline network. Nonlinear multivariate regression analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between the overpressure attenuation coefficient and two adjacent monitoring points, the pressure before and after attenuation, and the pipeline angle. The functional relationship was in good agreement with the experiment data.
Prevalence of sexual dysfunction among the male populations who seeking medical care for infertility, pregnancy loss and preconception care: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu Xiaowei , Zhang Songling , Wei Zhentong , Zhang XiaoYuan , Wang Qun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe link between sexual dysfunction and male infertility has been well established. In addition to male infertility, male patients with couple pregnancy loss and preconception care are the most frequent reasons for the treatment of andrology outpatients. However, there is a paucity of information simultaneously investigating male sexual dysfunction in these males with different reproduction situations. A cross-sectional study was performed in consecutive series of 1256 participants, including 509 men with infertility, 437 couples with pregnancy loss, and 310 men for preconception care. All men completed a questionnaire on baseline demographic information, sexual behavior characteristics and validated research tools, including Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool, seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and International Index of Erectile Function. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation was 30.6%, 20.8% in the infertility population and 27.0%, 18.5% in pregnancy loss individuals, was much lower in preconception care men, at 9.3%, 11.9% (p < 0.05), respectively. Infertility and pregnancy loss couples were more biased toward choosing timed intercourse than preconception care couples, with rates of 19.6% in Infertility group and 17.4% in pregnancy loss groups, versus 10.0% (p < 0.05) in preconception care couples. The infertile and pregnancy loss men also reported higher rate of anxiety state than the preconception care group. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction increased gradually with the duration of infertility and the frequency of pregnancy loss, with a highest odds ratio of 7.346 (95% CI:4.329–12.467; P < 0.001) among men with ≥5 years of infertility, 6.282 (95% CI:3.446–11.453; P < 0.001) among couples ≥3 pregnancy loss when compared with preconception care group. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and timed intercourse were comparable in pregnancy loss and infertile males, were all noticeably higher than preconception care group. There was also a trend toward a higher incidence of erectile dysfunction with longer duration of infertility or the more frequent of pregnancy loss.
Development of a novel light-up probe for detection of G-quadruplexes in stress granules
Authors: Iida Keisuke , Suzuki Natsumi , Sasaki Ayano , Ishida Shunsuke , Arai Takayoshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractG-quadruplexes (G4s) regulate various biological processes in cells. However, cellular imaging of dynamically forming G4s in biomolecular condensates using small molecules has been poorly investigated. Herein, we present a fluorescent light-up probe with the ability to selectively stabilize G4s and enhance fluorescence upon G4 binding. The foci of the probe were mainly observed in the nucleoli. These were co-localized with anti-fibrillarin antibodies and anti-G4 antibodies (BG4). Moreover, we tested detection of G4 in stress granules using the developed probe. Stress granules were induced through treatment with not only thapsigargin, but also known G4 ligands (pyridostatin, RHPS4, and BRACO-19). In the stress granules, co-localization between the probe, BG4, and stress granule markers (TIA1 and G3BP1) was detected. We present a practical light-up probe for G4s in stress granules, providing potential targets for G4 ligands.
Cross-reactive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 N protein in Central and West Africa precedes the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pedersen Jannie , Koumakpayi Ismaël Hervé , Babuadze Giorgi , Baz Mariana , Ndiaye Oumar , Faye Oumar , Diagne Cheikh Tidiane , Dia Ndongo , Naghibosadat Maedeh , McGeer Allison , Muberaka Samira , Moukandja Irène P. , Ndidi Stella , Tauil Carlos B. , Lekana-Douki Jean-Bernard , Loucoubar Cheikh , Faye Ousmane , Sall Amadou , Magalhães Kelly G. , Weis Nina , Kozak Robert , Kobinger Gary P. , Fausther-Bovendo Hugues 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEarly predictions forecasted large numbers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) cases and associated deaths in Africa. To date, Africa has been relatively spared. Various hypotheses were postulated to explain the lower than anticipated impact on public health in Africa. However, the contribution of pre-existing immunity is yet to be investigated. In this study, the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins in pre-pandemic samples from Africa, Europe, South and North America was examined by ELISA. The protective efficacy of N specific antibodies isolated from Central African donors was tested by in vitro neutralization and in a mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 S and N proteins were rare in all populations except in Gabon and Senegal where N specific antibodies were prevalent. However, these antibodies failed to neutralize the virus either in vitro or in vivo. Overall, this study indicates that cross-reactive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 N protein was present in Africa prior to the pandemic. However, this pre-existing humoral immunity does not impact viral fitness in rodents suggesting that other human immune defense mechanisms could be involved. In Africa, seroprevalence studies using the N protein are over-estimating SARS-CoV-2 circulation.
Microbial dysbiosis and fecal metabolomic perturbations in Yorkshire Terriers with chronic enteropathy
Authors: Galler Alexandra I. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Joerg M. , Sung Chi-Hsuan , Hittmair Katharina M. , Richter Barbara , Burgener Iwan A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDysbiosis and perturbations of fecal metabolic profiles have been reported in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease. Currently the incidence of dysbiosis and the fecal metabolomic profile in Yorkshire Terriers with chronic enteropathy (YTE) and the effects of treatment are unknown. This prospective observational study analyzed the dysbiosis index (DI) and fecal bile acid, sterol and fatty acid profiles in 14 Yorkshire Terriers with active YTE, 11 dogs in clinical remission, and 26 healthy Yorkshire Terriers. YTE was associated with dysbiosis and a significant increase in fatty acids (docosanoate, p = 0.002; gondoate, p = 0.026; erucate, p < 0.001; nervonate, p < 0.001; linolenate, p < 0.001), and plant sterols (campesterol, p < 0.001; brassicasterol, p = 0.024). The abundances of Fusobacterium (p < 0.001) and Cl. hiranonis (p = 0.018) and the concentrations of the secondary bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (p = 0.033) and the plant sterol sitostanol (p = 0.003) were significantly decreased compared to healthy dogs. Dysbiosis, abundances of Fusobacterium, Cl. hiranonis and fecal concentrations of bile acids and sterols did not recover after treatment, while fecal fatty acid concentrations decreased in treated dogs. YTE is associated with dysbiosis and changes in bile acid, fatty acid, and sterol metabolism. These changes only recovered partially despite clinical remission. They might be breed-specific and involved in the pathogenesis of YTE.
All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in relation to lung function in the full range of distribution across four Eastern European cohorts
Authors: Sarycheva Tatyana , Capkova Nadezda , Pająk Andrzej , Malyutina Sofia , Tamosiunas Abdonas , Bobák Martin , Pikhart Hynek 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is unclear whether the dose–response relationship between lung function and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the Central and Eastern European populations differ from that reported in the Western European and American populations. We used the prospective population-based HAPIEE cohort that includes randomly selected people with a mean age of 59 ± 7.3 years from population registers in Czech, Polish, Russian and Lithuanian urban centres. The baseline survey in 2002–2005 included 36,106 persons of whom 24,944 met the inclusion criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the dose–response relationship between lung function defined as FEV1 divided by height cubed and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality over 11–16 years of follow-up. Mortality rate increased in a dose–response manner from highest to lower FEV1/height3deciles. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of all-cause mortality for persons in the 8th best, the 5th and the worst deciles were 1.27 (95% CI 1.08‒1.49), 1.37 (1.18–1.60) and 2.15 (1.86‒2.48), respectively; for cardiovascular mortality, the respective HRs were 1.84 (1.29–2.63), 2.35 (1.67–3.28) and 3.46 (2.50‒4.78). Patterns were similar across countries, with some statistically insignificant variation. FEV1/height3is a strong predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, across full distribution of values, including persons with preserved lung function.
Reusable kaolin impregnated aminated chitosan composite beads for efficient removal of Congo red dye: isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies
Authors: Abou Alsoaud Mohamed M. , Taher Mahmoud A. , Hamed Abdelrahman M. , Elnouby Mohamed S. , Omer Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this investigation, Kaolin (K) impregnated aminated chitosan (AM-CTS) composite beads were fabricated with multi-features including low-cost, high performance, renewable and ease of separation for adsorption of anionic Congo red (CR) dye. Characterization tools such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, BET, XPS and Zeta potential were thoroughly employed to confirm the successful formulation process. The results revealed that K@ AM-CTS composite beads displayed higher specific surface area (128.52 m2/g), while the thermal stability was prominently improved compared to pure AM-CTS. In addition, the adsorption equilibrium of CR dye was accomplished rapidly and closely gotten within 45 min. The removal efficiency was significantly enriched and reached 90.7% with increasing kaolin content up to 0.75%, compared to 20.3 and 58% for pristine kaolin and AM-CTS, respectively. Moreover, the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo-first order kinetic model, while data were agreed with the Freundlich isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity reached 104 mg/g at pH 6. Furthermore, D–R isotherm model demonstrated the physical adsorption process of CR dye, which includes the electrostatic interactions, ion exchange and H-bonding. Thermodynamics evidenced the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. Interestingly, the developed K@AM-CTS composites beads showed better reusability for eight consecutive cycles, suggesting their feasible applicability for adsorptive removal anionic dyes from polluted aquatic bodies.
Dual pulse shaping transmission with sinc‐function based complementary Nyquist pulses
Authors: Li Hang , Huang Xiaojing , Zhang Jian Andrew , Zhang Hao , Cheng Zhiqun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to difficulties in manufacturing, data conversion devices with extremely high sampling rate are becoming the bottleneck in realising high‐speed communication systems with a large bandwidth. Dual pulse shaping (DPS) transmission allows half‐symbol‐rate conversion devices to be used for two parallel data streams to achieve full‐rate transmission, and is proved to be an effective solution. Here, two sets of ideal sinc‐function based complementary Nyquist pulses for DPS transmission are proposed. Theoretically, it is shown that the proposed pulses satisfy the inter‐symbol and cross‐symbol interference‐free conditions, and can achieve full‐Nyquist‐rate transmission with half of the sampling rate. With reference to commercially available D/As, two sets of practical dual spectral shaping pulses are further proposed, and the close relationship between the ideal and practical pulses are disclosed. Performance analysis for linear equalisation is provided in the presence of both timing offset between dual shaping pulses and carrier‐frequency offset. Two approaches are then proposed to improve the system robustness by adjusting the clock phase of the D/As and A/Ds. Simulation results are presented to provide a comparison between the proposed DPS transmission schemes and the state of the art, in terms of the performance metrics of peak‐to‐average power ratio and bit error rate.
High‐gain tapered slot antenna with spoof surface plasmon polaritons director
Authors: Zheng Zichao , Chen Fangjun , Pan Ziyu , Xu Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this letter, the authors propose a high‐gain and low‐profile tapered slot antenna (TSA) with a composite patch made of ellipse and spoof surface plasmon polaritons (sSPPs) structures. The authors first demonstrate the construction details and associated dimensions of the antenna fabrication. Then the authors discuss the role of the patch, which is placed at the antenna's radiating opening to improve the directivity of the antenna. Measurements of the fabricated antenna show a wide operating bandwidth of 82.3% (5–12 GHz) is achieved. The gain of the antenna varies from 5.2 to 13.4 dBi, in which radiation patterns show good directivity and end‐fire radiation performance. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results, indicating that the antenna performance has been improved as expected by adopting this design.
Rotation-induced granular motion on the secondary component of binary asteroids: Application to the DART impact on Dimorphos
Authors: Agrusa H. F. , Ballouz R. , Meyer A. J. , Tasev E. , Noiset G. , Karatekin Ö. , Michel P. , Richardson D. C. , Hirabayashi M. 
Published: July 2022

Context. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission will kinetically impact Dimorphos, the secondary component of the Didymos binary asteroid system, which will excite Dimorphos’s dynamical state and lead to significant libration about the synchronous state and possibly chaotic non-principal axis rotation. Although this particular outcome is human caused, many other secondary components of binary systems are also prone to such exotic spin states.
Aims. For a satellite in an excited spin state, the time-varying tidal and rotational environment can lead to significant surface accelerations. Depending on the circumstances, this mechanism may drive granular motion on the surface of the secondary.
Methods. We modeled the dynamical evolution of a Didymos-like binary asteroid system using a fully coupled, three-dimensional simulation code. Then, we computed the time-varying gravitational and rotational accelerations felt over the entire surface resulting from the secondary’s perturbed dynamical state.
Results. We find that an excited spin and orbit can induce large changes in the effective surface slope, potentially triggering granular motion and surface refreshment. However, for the case of the DART impact, this effect is highly dependent on many unknowns, such as Dimorphos’s detailed shape, bulk density, surface geology, and the momentum transferred. Aside from the Didymos system and the DART mission, this effect also has important implications for binary systems in general.
Synkopeneinheiten
Authors: Schick Daniel , Napp Andreas 
Published: July 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Synkopenversorgung bei geriatrischen Patienten ist häufig aufgrund der höheren Wahrscheinlichkeit für schwerwiegende Grunderkrankungen sowie dem Vorliegen von Begleiterkrankungen und Polypharmazie anspruchsvoll. Häufig erfolgt eine stationäre Aufnahme zur weiteren Abklärung mit konsekutiv hohen Kosten für das Gesundheitssystem und ohne verbessertem Outcome für die Patienten. Zur spezifischen diagnostischen Abklärung, Risikostratifizierung und raschen Therapieinitiierung haben sich insbesondere für Intermediär- und Hochrisikosynkopen interdisziplinäre Synkopeneinheiten bewährt. Diese bestehen aus ärztlichen und pflegerischen Synkopenspezialisten sowie einem multidisziplinären Team und können anhand standardisierter Behandlungsalgorithmen eine rasche Diagnostik und ein optimiertes Management gewährleisten. Stationäre Aufnahmen, Aufenthaltsdauer sowie Behandlungskosten konnten hierdurch um 77 %, 50 % bzw. 29 % reduziert werden. Trotz einer klaren Empfehlung der European Society of Cardiology (ESC), haben 88 % der europäischen Krankenhäuser heute weiterhin keinen Zugriff auf eine Synkopeneinheit.
Psychologische Aspekte während und nach intensivmedizinischer Behandlung von ARDS
Authors: Deffner Teresa , Hierundar Anke , Karagiannidis Christian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungUngefähr 10% aller intensivpflichtigen Patienten entwickeln ein akutes Atemnotsyndrom (Acute respiratory Distress Syndrome; ARDS). Durch die COVID-19-Pandemie kam es zu einer Häufung von
Patienten mit schwerem ARDS. Das Erleben dieser schweren respiratorischen Insuffizienz geht mit dem Empfinden existenzieller Angst bei vielen Patienten einher. Der Beitrag stellt die
psychologische Unterstützung während und nach der intensivmedizinischen Behandlung des ARDS dar.