The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies
Authors: Manry Jérémy , Bastard Paul , Gervais Adrian , Le Voyer Tom , Rosain Jérémie , Philippot Quentin , Michailidis Eleftherios , Hoffmann Hans-Heinrich , Eto Shohei , Garcia-Prat Marina , Bizien Lucy , Parra-Martínez Alba , Yang Rui , Haljasmägi Liis , Migaud Mélanie , Särekannu Karita , Maslovskaja Julia , de Prost Nicolas , Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Yacine , Luyt Charles-Edouard , Amador-Borrero Blanca , Gaudet Alexandre , Poissy Julien , Morel Pascal , Richard Pascale , Cognasse Fabrice , Troya Jesús , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Belot Alexandre , Saker Kahina , Garçon Pierre , Rivière Jacques G. , Lagier Jean-Christophe , Gentile Stéphanie , Rosen Lindsey B. , Shaw Elana , Morio Tomohiro , Tanaka Junko , Dalmau David , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Sene Damien , Stepanian Alain , Mégarbane Bruno , Triantafyllia Vasiliki , Fekkar Arnaud , Heath James R. , Franco José Luis , Anaya Juan-Manuel , Solé-Violán Jordi , Imberti Luisa , Biondi Andrea , Bonfanti Paolo , Castagnoli Riccardo , Delmonte Ottavia M. , Zhang Yu , Snow Andrew L. , Holland Steven M. , Biggs Catherine M. , Moncada-Vélez Marcela , Arias Andrés Augusto , Lorenzo Lazaro , Boucherit Soraya , Anglicheau Dany , Planas Anna M. , Haerynck Filomeen , Duvlis Sotirija , Ozcelik Tayfun , Keles Sevgi , Bousfiha Ahmed A. , El Bakkouri Jalila , Ramirez-Santana Carolina , Paul Stéphane , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Hammarström Lennart , Dupont Annabelle , Kurolap Alina , Metz Christine N. , Aiuti Alessandro , Casari Giorgio , Lampasona Vito , Ciceri Fabio , Barreiros Lucila A. , Dominguez-Garrido Elena , Vidigal Mateus , Zatz Mayana , van de Beek Diederik , Sahanic Sabina , Tancevski Ivan , Stepanovskyy Yurii , Boyarchuk Oksana , Nukui Yoko , Tsumura Miyuki , Vidaur Loreto , Tangye Stuart G. , Burrel Sonia , Duffy Darragh , Quintana-Murci Lluis , Klocperk Adam , Kann Nelli Y. , Shcherbina Anna , Lau Yu-Lung , Leung Daniel , Coulongeat Matthieu , Marlet Julien , Koning Rutger , Reyes Luis Felipe , Chauvineau-Grenier Angélique , Venet Fabienne , Monneret Guillaume , Nussenzweig Michel C. , Arrestier Romain , Boudhabhay Idris , Baris-Feldman Hagit , Hagin David , Wauters Joost , Meyts Isabelle , Dyer Adam H. , Kennelly Sean P. , Bourke Nollaig M. , Halwani Rabih , Sharif-Askari Fatemeh Saheb , Dorgham Karim , Sallette Jérôme , Sedkaoui Souad Mehlal , AlKhater Suzan , Rigo-Bonnin Raúl , Morandeira Francisco , Roussel Lucie , Vinh Donald C. , Erikstrup Christian , Condino-Neto Antonio , Prando Carolina , Bondarenko Anastasiia , Spaan András N. , Gilardin Laurent , Fellay Jacques , Lyonnet Stanislas , Bilguvar Kaya , Lifton Richard P. , Mane Shrikant ,   HGID Lab,   COVID Clinicians,   COVID-STORM Clinicians,   NIAID Immune Response to COVID Group,   NH-COVAIR Study Group,   Danish CHGE,   Danish Blood Donor Study,   St. James's Hospital, SARS CoV2 Interest Group,   French COVID Cohort Study Group,   Imagine COVID-Group,   The Milieu Intérieur Consortium,   CoV-Contact Cohort,   Amsterdam UMC Covid-19 Biobank Investigators,   COVID Human Genetic Effort,   CP-COVID-19 Group,   CONSTANCES cohort,   3C-Dijon Study,   Cerba Health-Care,   Etablissement Français du Sang Study group, Anderson Mark S. , Boisson Bertrand , Béziat Vivien , Zhang Shen-Ying , Andreakos Evangelos , Hermine Olivier , Pujol Aurora , Peterson Pärt , Mogensen Trine H. , Rowen Lee , Mond James , Debette Stéphanie , de Lamballerie Xavier , Burdet Charles , Bouadma Lila , Zins Marie , Soler-Palacin Pere , Colobran Roger , Gorochov Guy , Solanich Xavier , Susen Sophie , Martinez-Picado Javier , Raoult Didier , Vasse Marc , Gregersen Peter K. , Piemonti Lorenzo , Rodríguez-Gallego Carlos , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Su Helen C. , Kisand Kai , Okada Satoshi , Puel Anne , Jouanguy Emmanuelle , Rice Charles M. , Tiberghien Pierre , Zhang Qian , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Abel Laurent , Cobat Aurélie , Zhang Peng , Seeleuthner Yoann , Talouarn Estelle , Marchal Astrid , Matuozzo Daniela , de la Chapelle Aliénor , Chen Jie , Chrabieh Maya , Liu Dana , Nemirowskaya Yelena , Cruz Inés Marín , Materna Marie , Pelet Sophie , Thibault Chloé , Liu Zhiyong , Abad Jorge , Accordino Giulia , Achille Cristian , Aguilera-Albesa Sergio , Aguiló-Cucurull Aina , Aiuti Alessandro , Özkan Esra Akyüz , Darazam Ilad Alavi , Albisures Jonathan Antonio Roblero , Aldave Juan C. , Ramos Miquel Alfonso , Khan Taj Ali , Aliberti Anna , Nadji Seyed Alireza , Alkan Gulsum , AlKhater Suzan A. , Allardet-Servent Jerome , Allende Luis M. , Alonso-Arias Rebeca , Alshahrani Mohammed S. , Alsina Laia , Alyanakian Marie-Alexandra , Borrero Blanca Amador , Amoura Zahir , Antolí Arnau , Arrestier Romain , Aubart Mélodie , Auguet Teresa , Avramenko Iryna , Aytekin Gökhan , Azot Axelle , Bahram Seiamak , Bajolle Fanny , Baldanti Fausto , Baldolli Aurélie , Ballester Maite , Feldman Hagit Baris , Barrou Benoit , Barzaghi Federica , Basso Sabrina , Bayhan Gulsum Iclal , Belot Alexandre , Bezrodnik Liliana , Bilbao Agurtzane , Blanchard-Rohner Geraldine , Blanco Ignacio , Blandinières Adeline , Blázquez-Gamero Daniel , Bleibtreu Alexandre , Bloomfield Marketa , Bolivar-Prados Mireia , Bondarenko Anastasiia , Borghesi Alessandro , Borie Raphael , Botdhlo-Nevers Elisabeth , Bousfiha Ahmed A. , Bousquet Aurore , Boutolleau David , Bouvattier Claire , Boyarchuk Oksana , Bravais Juliette , Briones M. Luisa , Brunner Marie-Eve , Bruno Raffaele , Bueno Maria Rita P. , Bukhari Huda , Bustamante Jacinta , Agra Juan José Cáceres , Capra Ruggero , Carapito Raphael , Carrabba Maria , Casari Giorgio , Casasnovas Carlos , Caseris Marion , Cassaniti Irene , Castelle Martin , Castelli Francesco , de Vera Martín Castillo , Castro Mateus V. , Catherinot Emilie , Celik Jale Bengi , Ceschi Alessandro , Chalumeau Martin , Charbit Bruno , Cheng Matthew P. , Clavé Pere , Clotet Bonaventura , Codina Anna , Cohen Yves , Colobran Roger , Comarmond Cloé , Combes Alain , Comoli Patrizia , Corsico Angelo G. , Coşkuner Taner , Cvetkovski Aleksandar , Cyrus Cyril , Dalmau David , Danion François , Darley David Ross , Das Vincent , Dauby Nicolas , Dauger Stéphane , De Munter Paul , de Pontual Loic , Dehban Amin , Delplancq Geoffroy , Demoule Alexandre , Desguerre Isabelle , Di Sabatino Antonio , Diehl Jean-Luc , Dobbelaere Stephanie , Domínguez-Garrido Elena , Dubost Clément , Ekwall Olov , Bozdemir Şefika Elmas , Elnagdy Marwa H. , Emiroglu Melike , Endo Akifumi , Erdeniz Emine Hafize , Aytekin Selma Erol , Lasa Maria Pilar Etxart , Euvrard Romain , Fabio Giovanna , Faivre Laurence , Falck Antonin , Fartoukh Muriel , Faure Morgane , Arquero Miguel Fernandez , Ferrer Ricard , Ferreres Jose , Flores Carlos , Francois Bruno , Fumadó Victoria , Fung Kitty S. C. , Fusco Francesca , Gagro Alenka , Solis Blanca Garcia , Gaussem Pascale , Gayretli Zeynep , Gil-Herrera Juana , Gilardin Laurent , Gatineau Audrey Giraud , Girona-Alarcón Mònica , Godínez Karen Alejandra Cifuentes , Goffard Jean-Christophe , Gonzales Nacho , Gonzalez-Granado Luis I. , González-Montelongo Rafaela , Guerder Antoine , Gülhan Belgin , Gumucio Victor Daniel , Hanitsch Leif Gunnar , Gunst Jan , Gut Marta , Hadjadj Jérôme , Haerynck Filomeen , Halwani Rabih , Hammarström Lennart , HANCERLI Selda , Hariyan Tetyana , Hatipoglu Nevin , Heppekcan Deniz , Hernandez-Brito Elisa , Ho Po-ki , Holanda-Peña María Soledad , Horcajada Juan P. , Hraiech Sami , Humbert Linda , Hung Ivan F. N. , Iglesias Alejandro D. , Íñigo-Campos Antonio , Jamme Matthieu , Arranz María Jesús , Jimeno Marie-Thérèse , Jordan Iolanda , Kanık-Yüksek Saliha , Kara Yalcin Burak , Karahan Aydın , Karbuz Adem , Yasar Kadriye Kart , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Kashimada Kenichi , Keles Sevgi , Demirkol Yasemin Kendir , Kido Yasutoshi , Kizil Can , Kılıç Ahmet Osman , Klocperk Adam , Daganou Maria , Koukaki Evangelia , Koutsoukou Antonia , Rapti Vasiliki , Syrigos Konstantinos , Król Zbigniew J. , Ksouri Hatem , Kuentz Paul , Kwan Arthur M. C. , Kwan Yat Wah M. , Kwok Janette S. Y. , Lagier Jean-Christophe , Lam David S. Y. , Conti Francesca , Pession Andrea , Lampropoulou Vicky , Lanternier Fanny , Lau Yu-Lung , Bourgeois Fleur Le , Leo Yee-Sin , Lopez Rafael Leon , Leung Daniel , Levin Michael , Levy Michael , Lévy Romain , Li Zhi , Lilleri Daniele , Lima Edson Jose Adrian Bolanos , Linglart Agnes , López-Collazo Eduardo , Lorenzo-Salazar José M. , Louapre Céline , Lubetzki Catherine , Lung Kwok-Cheung , Luyt Charles-Edouard , Lye David C. , Magnone Cinthia , Mansouri Davood , Marchioni Enrico , Marioli Carola , Marjani Majid , Marques Laura , Pereira Jesus Marquez , Martín-Nalda Andrea , Pueyo David Martínez , Martinez-Picado Javier , Marzana Iciar , Mata-Martínez Carmen , Mathian Alexis , Matos Larissa RB , Matthews Gail V. , Mayaux Julien , McLaughlin-Garcia Raquel , Meersseman Philippe , Mège Jean-Louis , Mekontso-Dessap Armand , Melki Isabelle , Meloni Federica , Meritet Jean-François , Merlani Paolo , Akcan Özge Metin , Meyts Isabelle , Mezidi Mehdi , Migeotte Isabelle , Millereux Maude , Million Matthieu , Mirault Tristan , Mircher Clotilde , Mirsaeidi Mehdi , Mizoguchi Yoko , Modi Bhavi P. , Mojoli Francesco , Moncomble Elsa , Melián Abián Montesdeoca , Martinez Antonio Morales , Morandeira Francisco , Morange Pierre-Emmanuel , Mordacq Clémence , Morelle Guillaume , Mouly Stéphane J. , Muñoz-Barrera Adrián , Nafati Cyril , Nagashima Shintaro , Nakagama Yu , Neven Bénédicte , Neves João Farela , Ng Lisa F. P. , Ng Yuk-Yung , Nielly Hubert , Medina Yeray Novoa , Cuadros Esmeralda Nuñez , Ocejo-Vinyals J. Gonzalo , Okamoto Keisuke , Oualha Mehdi , Ouedrani Amani , Özçelik Tayfun , Ozkaya-Parlakay Aslinur , Pagani Michele , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , Papadaki Maria , Parizot Christophe , Parola Philippe , Pascreau Tiffany , Paul Stéphane , Paz-Artal Estela , Pedraza-Sánchez Sigifredo , Gálvez-Romero José Luis , Pellecer Nancy Carolina González , Pellegrini Silvia , Diego Rebeca Pérez de , Pérez-Fernández Xosé Luis , Philippe Aurélien , Philippot Quentin , Picod Adrien , de Chambrun Marc Pineton , Piralla Antonio , Planas-Serra Laura , Ploin Dominique , Poissy Julien , Poncelet Géraldine , Poulakou Garyphallia , Pouletty Marie S. , Pourshahnazari Persia , Qiu-Chen Jia Li , Quentric Paul , Rambaud Thomas , Raoult Didier , Raoult Violette , Rebillat Anne-Sophie , Redin Claire , Resmini Léa , Ricart Pilar , Richard Jean-Christophe , Rigo-Bonnin Raúl , rivet Nadia , Rivière Jacques G. , Rocamora-Blanch Gemma , Rodero Mathieu P. , Rodrigo Carlos , Rodriguez Luis Antonio , Rodriguez-Gallego Carlos , Rodriguez-Palmero Agustí , Romero Carolina Soledad , Rothenbuhler Anya , Roux Damien , Rovina Nikoletta , Rozenberg Flore , Ruch Yvon , Ruiz Montse , Prado Maria Yolanda Ruiz del , Ruiz-Rodriguez Juan Carlos , Sabater-Riera Joan , Saks Kai , Salagianni Maria , Sanchez Oliver , Sánchez-Montalvá Adrián , Sánchez-Ramón Silvia , Schidlowski Laire , Schluter Agatha , Schmidt Julien , Schmidt Matthieu , Schuetz Catharina , Schweitzer Cyril E. , Scolari Francesco , Sediva Anna , Seijo Luis , Seminario Analia Gisela , Sene Damien , Seng Piseth , Senoglu Sevtap , Seppänen Mikko , Llovich Alex Serra , Shahrooei Mohammad , Shcherbina Anna , Siguret Virginie , Siouti Eleni , Smadja David M. , Smith Nikaia , Sobh Ali , Solanich Xavier , Solé-Violán Jordi , Soler Catherine , Soler-Palacín Pere , Sözeri Betül , Stella Giulia Maria , Stepanovskiy Yuriy , Stoclin Annabelle , Taccone Fabio , Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Yacine , Taupin Jean-Luc , Tavernier Simon J. , Vidaur Loreto , Terrier Benjamin , Thiery Guillaume , Thorball Christian , Thorn Karolina , Thumerelle Caroline , Tipu Imran , Tolstrup Martin , Tomasoni Gabriele , Toubiana Julie , Alvarez Josep Trenado , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Troya Jesús , Tsang Owen T. Y. , Tserel Liina , Tso Eugene Y. K. , Tucci Alessandra , Öz Şadiye Kübra Tüter , Ursini Matilde Valeria , Utsumi Takanori , Uzunhan Yurdagul , Vabres Pierre , Valencia-Ramos Juan , Van Den Rym Ana Maria , Vandernoot Isabelle , Velez-Santamaria Valentina , Veliz Silvia Patricia Zuniga , Vidigal Mateus C. , Viel Sébastien , Villain Cédric , Vilaire-Meunier Marie E. , Villar-García Judit , Vincent Audrey , Vogt Guillaume , Voiriot Guillaume , Volokha Alla , Vuotto Fanny , Wauters Els , Wauters Joost , Wu Alan K. L. , Wu Tak-Chiu , Yahşi Aysun , Yesilbas Osman , Yildiz Mehmet , Young Barnaby E. , Yükselmiş Ufuk , Zatz Mayana , Ghirardello Stefano , Zuccaro Valentina , Andrés Ana de , Van Praet Jens , Lambrecht Bart N. , Van Braeckel Eva , Bosteels Cédric , Hoste Levi , Hoste Eric , Bauters Fré , Clercq Jozefien De , Heijmans Cathérine , Slabbynck Hans , Naesens Leslie , Florkin Benoit , Boulanger Cécile , Vanderlinden Dimitri , Foti Giuseppe , Bellani Giacomo , Citerio Giuseppe , Contro Ernesto , Pesci Alberto , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Cazzaniga Marina , Danielson Jeffrey J. , Dobbs Kerry , Kashyap Anuj , Ding Li , Dalgard Clifton L. , Sottini Alessandra , Quaresima Virginia , Quiros-Roldan Eugenia , Rossi Camillo , Bettini Laura Rachele , D’Angio Mariella , Beretta Ilaria , Montagna Daniela , Licari Amelia , Marseglia Gian Luigi , Batten Isabella , Reddy Conor , McElheron Matt , Noonan Claire , Connolly Emma , Fallon Aoife , Storgaard Merete , Jørgensen Sofie , Tolstrup Martin , Erikstrup Christian , Pedersen Ole Birger , Sørensen Erik , Mikkelsen Susan , Dinh Khoa Manh , Larsen Margit Anita Hørup , Paulsen Isabella Worlewenut , Von Stemann Jakob Hjorth , Hansen Morten Bagge , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Townsend Liam , Ni Cheallaigh Cliona , Bergin Colm , Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Dunne Jean , Conlon Niall , Bourke Nollaig , O’Farrelly Cliona , Abel Laurent , Allavena Clotilde , Andrejak Claire , Angoulvant François , Azoulay Cecile , Bachelet Delphine , Bartoli Marie , Basmaci Romain , Behillill Sylvie , Beluze Marine , Benech Nicolas , Benkerrou Dehbia , Bhavsar Krishna , Bitker Laurent , Bouadma Lila , Bouscambert-Duchamp Maude , Paz Pauline Caraux , Cervantes-Gonzalez Minerva , Chair Anissa , Chirouze Catherine , Coelho Alexandra , Cordel Hugues , Couffignal Camille , Couffin-Cadiergues Sandrine , d’Ortenzio Eric , De Montmollin Etienne , Debard Alexa , Debray Marie-Pierre , Deplanque Dominique , Descamps Diane , Desvallée Mathilde , Diallo Alpha , Diehl Jean-Luc , Diouf Alphonsine , Dorival Céline , Dubos François , Duval Xavier , Eloy Philippine , Enouf Vincent , Epaulard Olivier , Esperou Hélène , Esposito-Farase Marina , Etienne Manuel , Garot Denis , Gault Nathalie , Gaymard Alexandre , Ghosn Jade , Gigante Tristan , Gilg Morgane , Goehringer François , Guedj Jérémie , Hoctin Alexandre , Hoffmann Isabelle , Houas Ikram , Hulot Jean-Sébastien , Jaafoura Salma , Kafif Ouifiya , Kaguelidou Florentia , Kali Sabrina , Kerroumi Younes , Khalil Antoine , Khan Coralie , Kimmoun Antoine , Laine Fabrice , Laouénan Cédric , Laribi Samira , Le Minh , Le Bris Cyril , Le Gac Sylvie , Le Hingrat Quentin , Le Mestre Soizic , Le Nagard Hervé , Lemaignen Adrien , Lemee Véronique , Lescure François-Xavier , Letrou Sophie , Levy Yves , Lina Bruno , Lingas Guillaume , Lucet Jean Christophe , Machado Moïse , Malvy Denis , Mambert Marina , Manuel Aldric , Mentré France , Meziane Amina , Mouquet Hugo , Mullaert Jimmy , Neant Nadège , Nguyen Duc , Noret Marion , Papadopoulos Aurélie , Paul Christelle , Peiffer-Smadja Nathan , Peigne Vincent , Petrov-Sanchez Ventzislava , Peytavin Gilles , Pham Huong , Picone Olivier , Piquard Valentine , Poissy Julien , Puéchal Oriane , Rosa-Calatrava Manuel , Rossignol Bénédicte , Rossignol Patrick , Roy Carine , Schneider Marion , Su Richa , Tardivon Coralie , Tellier Marie-Capucine , Téoulé François , Terrier Olivier , Timsit Jean-François , Tual Christelle , Tubiana Sarah , Van Der Werf Sylvie , Vanel Noémie , Veislinger Aurélie , Visseaux Benoit , Wiedemann Aurélie , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Annereau Jean-Philippe , Briseño-Roa Luis , Gribouval Olivier , Jaïs Jean-Philippe , Pelet Anna , Abel Laurent , Alcover Andres , Aschard Hugues , Bousso Philippe , Bourke Nollaig , Brodin Petter , Bruhns Pierre , Cerf-Bensussan Nadine , Cumano Ana , D’Enfert Christophe , Deriano Ludovic , Dillies Marie-Agnès , Di Santo James , Dromer Françoise , Eberl Gérard , Enninga Jost , Fellay Jacques , Gomperts-Boneca Ivo , Hasan Milena , Hedestam Gunilla Karlsson , Hercberg Serge , Ingersoll Molly A. , Lantz Olivier , Kenny Rose Anne , Ménager Mickaël , Michel Frédérique , Mouquet Hugo , O’Farrelly Cliona , Patin Etienne , Pellegrini Sandra , Rausell Antonio , Rieux-Laucat Frédéric , Rogge Lars , Fontes Magnus , Sakuntabhai Anavaj , Schwartz Olivier , Schwikowski Benno , Shorte Spencer , Tangy Frédéric , Toubert Antoine , Touvier Mathilde , Ungeheuer Marie-Noëlle , Zimmer Christophe , Albert Matthew L. , Duffy Darragh , Quintana-Murci Lluis , Alavoine Loubna , Behillil Sylvie , Burdet Charles , Charpentier Charlotte , Dechanet Aline , Descamps Diane , Duval Xavier , Ecobichon Jean-Luc , Enouf Vincent , Frezouls Wahiba , Houhou Nadhira , Kafif Ouifiya , Lehacaut Jonathan , Letrou Sophie , Lina Bruno , Lucet Jean-Christophe , Manchon Pauline , Nouroudine Mariama , Piquard Valentine , Quintin Caroline , Thy Michael , Tubiana Sarah , van der Werf Sylvie , Vignali Valérie , Visseaux Benoit , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Chahine Abir , Waucquier Nawal , Migaud Maria-Claire , Deplanque Dominique , Djossou Félix , Mergeay-Fabre Mayka , Lucarelli Aude , Demar Magalie , Bruneau Léa , Gérardin Patrick , Maillot Adrien , Payet Christine , Laviolle Bruno , Laine Fabrice , Paris Christophe , Desille-Dugast Mireille , Fouchard Julie , Malvy Denis , Nguyen Duc , Pistone Thierry , Perreau Pauline , Gissot Valérie , Le Goas Carole , Montagne Samatha , Richard Lucie , Chirouze Catherine , Bouiller Kévin , Desmarets Maxime , Meunier Alexandre , Bourgeon Marilou , Lefèvre Benjamin , Jeulin Hélène , Legrand Karine , Lomazzi Sandra , Tardy Bernard , Gagneux-Brunon Amandine , Bertholon Frédérique , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Kouakam Christelle , Leturque Nicolas , Roufai Layidé , Amat Karine , Couffin-Cadiergues Sandrine , Espérou Hélène , Hendou Samia , van Agtmael Michiel , Algera Anne Geke , Appelman Brent , van Baarle Frank , Bax Diane , Beudel Martijn , Bogaard Harm Jan , Bomers Marije , Bonta Peter , Bos Lieuwe , Botta Michela , de Brabander Justin , de Bree Godelieve , de Bruin Sanne , Buis David T. P. , Bugiani Marianna , Bulle Esther , Chouchane Osoul , Cloherty Alex , Dijkstra Mirjam , Dongelmans Dave A. , Dujardin Romein W. G. , Elbers Paul , Fleuren Lucas , Geerlings Suzanne , Geijtenbeek Theo , Girbes Armand , Goorhuis Bram , Grobusch Martin P. , Hafkamp Florianne , Hagens Laura , Hamann Jorg , Harris Vanessa , Hemke Robert , Hermans Sabine M. , Heunks Leo , Hollmann Markus , Horn Janneke , Hovius Joppe W. , de Jong Menno D. , Koning Rutger , Lim Endry H. T. , van Mourik Niels , Nellen Jeaninne , Nossent Esther J. , Paulus Frederique , Peters Edgar , Pina-Fuentes Dan A. I. , van der Poll Tom , Preckel Bennedikt , Prins Jan M. , Raasveld Jorinde , Reijnders Tom , de Rotte Maurits C. F. J. , Schinkel Michiel , Schultz Marcus J. , Schrauwen Femke A. P. , Schuurman Alex , Schuurmans Jaap , Sigaloff Kim , Slim Marleen A. , Smeele Patrick , Smit Marry , Stijnis Cornelis S. , Stilma Willemke , Teunissen Charlotte , Thoral Patrick , Tsonas Anissa M. , Tuinman Pieter R. , van der Valk Marc , Veelo Denise , Volleman Carolien , de Vries Heder , Vught Lonneke A. , van Vugt Michèle , Wouters Dorien , Zwinderman A. H. (Koos) , Brouwer Matthijs C. , Wiersinga W. Joost , Vlaar Alexander P. J. , van de Beek Diederik , Abel Laurent , Aiuti Alessandro , Al-Muhsen Saleh , Al-Mulla Fahd , Anderson Mark S. , Andreakos Evangelos , Arias Andrés A. , Feldman Hagit Baris , Belot Alexandre , Biggs Catherine M. , Bogunovic Dusan , Bolze Alexandre , Bondarenko Anastasiia , Bousfiha Ahmed A. , Brodin Petter , Bryceson Yenan , Bustamante Carlos D. , Butte Manish J. , Casari Giorgio , Chakravorty Samya , Christodoulou John , Condino-Neto Antonio , Constantinescu Stefan N. , Cooper Megan A. , Dalgard Clifton L. , Desai Murkesh , Drolet Beth A. , El Baghdadi Jamila , Espinosa-Padilla Sara , Fellay Jacques , Flores Carlos , Franco José Luis , Froidure Antoine , Gregersen Peter K. , Haerynck Filomeen , Hagin David , Halwani Rabih , Hammarström Lennart , Heath James R. , Henrickson Sarah E. , Hsieh Elena W. Y. , Husebye Eystein S. , Imai Kohsuke , Itan Yuval , Jarvis Erich D. , Karamitros Timokratis , Kisand Kai , Ku Cheng-Lung , Lau Yu-Lung , Ling Yun , Lucas Carrie L. , Maniatis Tom , Mansouri Davood , Maródi László , Meyts Isabelle , Milner Joshua D. , Mironska Kristina , Mogensen Trine H. , Morio Tomohiro , Ng Lisa F. P. , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Novelli Antonio , Novelli Giuseppe , O’Farrelly Cliona , Okada Satoshi , Ozcelik Tayfun , Pan-Hammarström Qiang , de Diego Rebeca Perez , Planas Anna M. , Perez-Tur Jordi , Arkin Lisa M. , Asano Takaki , Oriol Roger Colobran , Prando Carolina , Pujol Aurora , Quintana-Murci Lluis , Renia Laurent , Resnick Igor , Rodríguez-Gallego Carlos , Sancho-Shimizu Vanessa , Sediva Anna , Seppänen Mikko R.J. , Shahrooei Mohammed , Shcherbina Anna , Slaby Ondrej , Snow Andrew L. , Soler-Palacín Pere , Spaan András N. , Tancevski Ivan , Tangye Stuart G. , Tayoun Ahmad Abou , Ramaswamy Sathishkumar , Turvey Stuart E. , Uddin K. M. Furkan , Uddin Mohammed J. , van de Beek Diederik , Vinh Donald C. , von Bernuth Horst , Zatz Mayana , Zawadzki Pawel , Grimbacher Bodo , Okamoto Keisuke , Pape Jean W. , Perlin David S. , Pesole Graziano , Wauters Joost , Su Helen C. , Casanova Jean-Laurent , García Paula Andrea Gaviria , López Gustavo Andrés Salguero , Rojas-Villaraga Adriana , Vélez Verónica Posada , Landinez Lina Marcela Acevedo , Correales Luisa Paola Duarte , Gómez Oscar , Guaqueta Jeser Santiago Grass , Pérez Cristian Alejandro Ricaurte , Carrillo Jorge , Vergara José Alejandro Daza , Landinez Sandra , Mantilla Rubén D. , Yepes Jairo David Torres , Ricaurte Oscar Andrés Briceño , Pérez-Díaz Carlos E. , Mateus Yady Nataly , Navarro Laura Mancera , Rodríguez Yhojan , Acosta-Ampudia Yeny , Monsalve Diana M. , Rojas Manuel , Nadif Rachel , Goldberg Marcel , Ozguler Anna , Henny Joseph , Lemonnier Sylvie , Coeuret-Pellicer Mireille , Got Stéphane Le , Zins Marie , Tzourio Christophe , Debette Stéphanie , Dufouil Carole , Soumaré Aïcha , Lachaize Morgane , Fievet Nathalie , Flaig Amandine , Martin Fernando , Bonneaudeau Brigitte , Cognasse Fabrice , Cannet Dorothée , Gallian Pierre , Jeanne Michel , Morel Pascal , Perroquin Magali , Richard Pascale , Tiberghien Pierre , Hamzeh-Cognasse Hind 
Published: May 2022

Significance
There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population.