bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fontan operation experience and results of our cardiovascular surgery center
Authors: GOJAYEV Farıd , TİRELİ Emin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this study, we present our experiences and results of the first Fontan surgeries we performed in our center in accordance with the surgical criteria we believe in.Materials and methods: This is an observational study involving 19 patients. We performed Fontan surgery on these patients in the 2018-2020 period. There were 11 men and 8 women among the patients. We preferred the extracardiac tunnel method in all cases. We did not prefer total circulatory arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass in any case.Results: Patients were not homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics. Patients differed in terms of pre- and postoperative cardiac diagnosis and complications. We lost 2 of 19 patients and the overall mortality rate was 10.5%. We used extracardiac membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in 3 patients. We applied ICD implantation to the patient. The discharge due to effusion due to chylothorax was prolonged in 4 patients. The postoperative NHYA capacity of the patients was evaluated as 1 or 2.Conclusion: If the oxygen saturation value of Fontan candidate heart patients is not critical, if the ventricular functionality is at normal capacity, if the effort capacity, hemodynamic stability and physical examination findings are close to normal, we recommend that this operation not be performed at very young ages. We believe that it would be beneficial to postpone this surgery to the advanced age group as much as possible in order not to increase the mortality rate.
Effects of Exogenous Strigolactone on the Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. Seedlings under Drought Stress
Authors: Li Yan , Li Sutao , Feng Qixian , Zhang Juan , Han Xuelin , Zhang Lei , Yang Fulin , Zhou Jing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Drought is one of the main environmental factors limiting plant growth and development. To explore the mitigation effects of exogenous strigolactones (SLs) on drought stress during the seedling stage, the Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. were used as the material. The effects of different concentrations (1, 3, 5, and 7 μmol·L−1) of SLs on the photosynthetic characteristics, growth performance, and endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) of P. Purpureum under drought stress were studied. Results: Exogenous SLs could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of drought stress on the growth of P. Purpureum. Compared with drought stress, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and water use efficiency of the leaves of P. Purpureum after SL treatment were significantly increased, which has a significant mitigation effect on the decrease of photosystem II maximum photochemical efficiency and the performance index based on light absorption caused by drought. In addition, the exogenous application of SLs can effectively increase the fresh and dry weight of the leaves and roots and the length of the main roots. After applying SLs for 120 h, the ABA content of P. Purpureum decreased significantly. The activity of key enzymes of photosynthesis significantly increased after 48 h of external application of SLs to P. Purpureum. Conclusions: In summary, SL treatment can improve the photosynthetic performance of P. Purpureum leaves under drought conditions and increase the antioxidant capacity of the leaves, thereby reducing the adverse effects of drought, promoting the growth of P. Purpureum, and effectively improving the drought resistance of P. Purpureum.
Fattening performance and carcass traits of two fat tailed sheep breeds
Authors: Obeidat Mohammad , Obeidat Belal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Fat tailed sheep breeds are the most spread types of sheep in the Middle East. They are hardy with acceptable growth and carcass traits. The purpose of this study was to compare the fattening performance and carcass characteristics of two fat-tailed sheep breeds Najdi and Awassi. Thirty single born Awassi and Najdi male lambs (15 lambs per breed) were examined for fattening and carcass characteristics. The study lasted seventy days (10 days adaptation period and 60 days for collecting the data). Feed consumption was monitored daily, while the body weight of lambs was recorded upon arrival to the trial area and biweekly afterwards. Lambs were slaughtered at the end of the study to assess carcass and meat quality characteristics. Nitrogen intake and retained nitrogen were higher (p < 0.05) for Najdi lambs. Digestibility of nutrients were comparable between the two genetic groups. Initial body weight, final body weight, ADG, and dry matter intake were not affected (p > 0.05) by lamb’s breed. Furthermore, feed to gain ratio. Carcass hot and cold weights, as well as dressing percentage were also unaffected by lamb’s breed (p > 0.05). The breed of lamb has no influence on the percentages of shoulder, loin, and rack. While Awassi breed had numerically a larger proportion of legs (p = 0.06). Moreover, meat quality traits were not affected by lamb’s breed. Result s of this study suggest that fattening performance and carcass traits for Awassi and Najdi lambs were comparable.
Detection and dietary intake risk assessment of fungicides residues in agro-products by UPLC-MS/MS with modified QuEChERS
Authors: Ding Guotao , Sun Peng , Ren Danqi , Gao Teng , Fang Yanfei , Gao Xi , Ma Hansheng , Li Guiying , Li Weihao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To detect the residues of 8 fungicides in agro-products from 2018–2021 in Hebei province China, the method with modified QuEChERS by Ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed. The decontamination method was performed by added primary secondary amines (PSA) sorbent, NaCl, anhydrous MgSO4 to the extract. The analytical methods were validated with respect to matrix effect, recovery, calibration curves, limit of detection(LOD), limit of quantification(LOQ). With the developed method, we had detected 78 samples including 13 vegetable categories. The number of conventional samples detected at concentrations above the limits of quantification (LOQ) was ranging from 5 to 18. In all 13 vegetable categories, the largest types of fungicides were detected in celery samples. The risk quotient (RQ) of difenoconazole was the highest and the RQ of dimethomorph was the lowest. The RQs of fungicide in vegetables were all less than 100%. In this study, we have revealed that the residues of eight fungicides shown a low risk to human health.
55 xenobiotic organic compounds in Tripoli Landfill-Lebanon Leachate and their Fluxes to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Moustafa Ahmad , Hamzeh Mariam , Baroudi Moamen , Ouddane Baghdad , Net Sopheak 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pollution generated from landfill solid wastes constitute one of the major threat to the environment. The landfill leachate contains various toxic pollutants, making it the most dangerous issue of the landfills. Monitoring the xenobiotic organic concentrations in landfill leachate is an important step to evaluate the environmental impacts. This work aims to monitor the concentration of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalic acid esters (PAEs), and bisphenols (BPs) in leachate samples collected from the old and new units of Tripoli landfill-Lebanon. The organic pollutants were extracted by using the solid-phase extraction and quantified by using GC-MS/MS. The results showed high level of PAEs, BPs, PCBs and PAHs in the leachate samples. The fluxes of pollutants to the Abou Ali River and Mediterranean Sea have been detected at 0.23 kg, 0.01 kg, 116.85 kg, 15.93 kg, and 7.58 kg for Σ16PAHs, Σ28PCBs, Σ6PAEs, Σ4BPs, and 4-NP respectively.
WITHDRAWN: Synergism in sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidiumparvum with trypsin and UV irradiation
Authors: Xiao Dan , Wang Nan , Chen Shiheng , Wang Siyue , Yuan Xiangyi , Fan Wei , Huo Mingxin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cryptosporidium in wastewater presents a major public health concern for water safety. However, bactericidal efficiencies of Cryptosporidium oocysts using conventional disinfection methods are still hampered due to the resistance produced by their thick outer wall. In this study, we present a novel UV inactivation with significantly enhanced efficiency by trypsin pretreatment. Notably, the inactivation performance (log-reduction) of oocysts was 73.75-294.72% higher than that obtained in individual UV irradiation under identical conditions. Experimental observations and supporting mechanistic analyses suggest that the trypsin can cleave proteins layer on oocyst wall, which facilitates UV irradiation to penetrate into the oocysts and attack their genomic DNA (gDNA). The trypsin displayed considerable operational stability in the reaction mixture, and its dissociation effect of oocyst wall was indicated by the fact that 64.50% of oocysts displayed early apoptosis after trypsinization. The combined treatment almost totally destroyed the oocysts coat and deformed their shape according to scanning electron microscopy. This resulted in the release of cellular proteins and gDNA, and their concentrations in bulk solution increased by 1.22–8.60 times. As UV irradiation time was prolonged, gDNA was degraded into small fragments with lower molecular weight. Both the laddering and diffuse smear patterns in the gel indicated significant detrimental effect on gDNA and viability of oocysts. Overall, this study demonstrates the enhanced UV inactivation of Cryptosporidium oocysts by trypsin and provides the underlying mechanisms for the process.
Tectonically Stable Parts in Iraq are not Stable
Authors: Sissakian Varoujan , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Laue Jan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Iraqi territory is located in the extreme northeastern part of the Arabian Plate which is in collision with the Iranian (Eurasian) Plate. The collision which is still ongoing has created tens of folds some of them exhibit different types of faults. The exerted compressional forces are believed to be decreasing southwest wards as being far from the collision area. Accordingly, all the existing tectonic and geological maps compiled by different authors and all the existing published articles, reports and books have considered two main tectonic domains in Iraq. The Stable Shelf and Unstable Shelf or Inner Platform and Outer Platform. The contact between these two main divisions follows almost the Euphrates River; towards west of the river is the Stable area and towards east and north is the Unstable area.In the current study, we have recognized tens of different Neotectonic evidences in the Stable part indicating that the area is tectonically not stable. Among those indications are abandoned valleys, development of sinkholes along certain lineaments, bending of valleys in normal angles, development of Nick points in valleys along certain lineaments.
Altered visual evoked potentials associated with verbal and nonverbal skills in Fragile X syndrome.
Authors: Saoud Elizabeth , Fitzgerald John , Hartney Megan , Wilkinson Carol L 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Understanding the neurobiology behind Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is critical in identifying effective therapeutics and improving care for affected individuals. Electroencephalography (EEG) provides an opportunity to investigate the biological foundations of this disorder. We aimed to characterize the visual evoked potential (VEP) in young children with FXS, and to understand how measures of the VEP are associated with verbal and nonverbal development within FXS. Methods: VEPs were collected in children between 2-7 years old with FXS (n = 9) as well as corresponding age- (n = 10) and cognitive-matched (n = 9) typically developing children. Additionally, the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and Preschool Language Scales were administered to collect measures of verbal and nonverbal development. Differences in component amplitudes and latencies of the VEP were assessed using ANCOVAs, and associations of VEP measures and verbal and nonverbal development were evaluated using linear regression with age as a covariate. Results: No differences between groups were observed in N1, P1, or N2 VEP components. However, a consistent and prominent P2 component (latency = 177ms ± 13.7), was observed in children with FXS. The P2 amplitude was significantly increased in FXS children compared to the cognitive-matched group (p = 0.004). For children with FXS, the amplitude of several VEP components were associated with verbal and nonverbal development; larger N1 amplitude and smaller P1 and P2 amplitudes were all associated with better receptive language (all p<0.05) and larger N1 amplitude was also associated with better fine motor skills (p<0.05). Conclusions: The observed increase in P2 amplitude and its negative association with language development within the FXS group supports the P2 component as a potential biomarker for FXS as a disorder, as well as a pathophysiological marker of verbal impairment that could be used in clinical trials.
Nanostructured Materials from Plant, Animal, and Fisheries Wastes: Potential and Valorization for Application in Agriculture
Authors: Krishnani Kishore Kumar , Boddu Veera Mallu , Chadha Narinder Kumar , Chakraborty Puja , Kumar Jitendra , Krishna Gopal , Pathak Himanshu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Global agriculture is facing tremendous challenges due to climate change. The most predominant amongst these challenges are abiotic and biotic stresses caused by increased incidences of temperature extremes, drought, unseasonal flooding, and pathogens. These threats, mostly due to anthropogenic activities, resulted in severe challenges to crop and livestock production leading to substantial economic losses. It is essential to develop environmentally viable and cost-effective green processes to alleviate these stresses in the crops, livestock, and fisheries. The application of nanomaterials in farming practice to minimize nutrient losses, pest management, and enhance stress resistance capacity is of supreme importance. This paper explores innovative methods for synthesizing nanostructured materials using plants, animals, and fisheries wastes and their valorization to mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses and input use efficiency in climate-smart, and stress-resilient agriculture including crop plants, livestock, and fisheries.
MDM2 inhibition by nutlin-3 shift pyroptosis to apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells undergoing 5-FU treatment
Authors: Cai Hong-yi , Hu Tingting , Gou Yongjiu , Zhu Zijiang , Zhao Xinhan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
To investigate what cell death mode is dominat in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue and cell line, and the role played byMDM2-p53 pathway in the transition of pyroptosis to apoptosis during chemotherapy
Materials and Methods
Patients with NSCLC were consecutively recruited in Gansu Provincial Hospital from December 2016 to January 2018. The protein expressions of GSDMD, GSDME, and MDM2 were compared between cancer and adjacent tissues in NSCLC patients, as well as between normal human respiratory epithelium HBE cells and A549 carcinoma cells. A549 and HBE cells were treated with Nutlin-3 to inhibit the MDM2 function in the presence of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU).
Results
Both GSDMD and GSDME were expressed in NSCLC tissues, while only GSDME was expressed in A549 and HBE cells. The execution effective N-terminal of GSDME, but not of GSDMD was expressed in NSCLC tissue, and A549 and HBE cells after chemotherapeutic drug treatments. GSDME overexpression in both A549 and HBE cells increased pyroptosis. The expression of MDM2 measured by IHC was significantly higher in cancer tissues. Nutlin-3, a specific inhibitor of MDM2 binding to P53, significantly decreased the total cell survival rate and pyroptosis, but increased apoptosis in A549 cells treated with 5-FU. Nutlin-3 did not show any effect on HBE cells.
Conclusions
GSDME expression in the lung carcinoma determines pyroptosis sensitivity and the occurrence of severe side effects. MDM2 inhibition shifts pyroptosis to apoptosis, which may be useful in increasing the anti-tumor effects and preventing pyroptosis-induced side effects in lung cancer chemotherapy.
Measuring population health using health expectancy estimates from morbidity and mortality data
Authors: Carreras Marc , Ibern Pere , Inoriza José María 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
National health plans frequently rely on health expectancies, which are systematically calculated in the EU countries using the Sullivan method. The Sullivan health expectancy index combines age-specific mortality rates and age-specific prevalence of healthy life. The main limitation of the Sullivan method is that prevalence data depends on expensive national health surveys. The objective of this work is to investigate an equivalent estimation, considering multiple health states, but using available information on morbidity and mortality.
Methods
Mortality and morbidity information, corresponding to years 2016 and 2017, was obtained for the population of the county of Baix Empordà (Catalonia), N = 91,130. The set of anonymized individual information on diagnoses, procedures and pharmacy consumption contained in the individual clinical record (ICD and ATC codes), were classified into health states according to the 3M-Clinical Risk Groups. The information analysed included acute inpatient care, acute outpatient care, primary care, pharmacy prescriptions, diagnostic tests, emergencies and long-term residential care services. Based on the health transitions observed between 2016 and 2017, life expectancies by health state were obtained from a multistate microsimulation model.
Results
Healthy life expectancies at birth and 65 years for females and males were respectively HLE0female = 39.94, HLE0male = 42.87, HLE65female = 2.43, HLE65male = 2.17. Point estimates for global life expectancies at birth and 65 years of age: LE0female = 85.82, LE0male = 80.58, LE65female = 22.31, LE65male = 18.86. Life expectancies were consistent with the government estimates for 2017. Healthy life expectancies substantially differed from the government estimates based on self-reported health surveys and the calculation method of prevalence.
Conclusions
Health expectancies can be efficiently obtained from multistate models based on mortality and morbidity information and can be useful for monitoring the population according to their health status, in the context of health planning. The results obtained were not comparable with those calculated with the standard Sullivan method.
Simultaneous enhancement in electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient by single- to double-valley transition in a Dirac-like band
Authors: Liu Te-Huan , Dai Yu , Zhou Wenjiang , Kim Hyun-Jung , Song Qichen , Qian Xin , yang ronggui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recently, n-type SnTe has been shown to be a promising thermoelectric material. It possesses a unique single- to double-valley transition in the conduction band when a compressive strain is applied. Through a tight-binding analysis, it is shown that the variation of the band structure is attributed to the strain-induced delocalization of both the Sn-5s orbitals and Te-5p orbitals with different angular momenta. This effect can largely increase the electron density of states near the band edge and thus keep the Fermi level of the compressed SnTe closer to it, where the electrons have lower scattering rates. The strain-induced double valleys lead to simultaneous increases in the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient and thereby nearly four times enhancement of the power factor at the doping concentration of 5×1019 cm–3. This work suggests a feasible concept that can be employed to promote the power factor of a Dirac semiconductor via manipulating the valley degeneracy in the conduction band minimum.
Copper nanoparticles hold promise in the effective management of maize diseases without impairing environmental health
Authors: Dorjee Lham , Gogoi Robin , Kamil Deeba , Kumar Rajesh , Verma Ankita 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel method of management of maize pathogens in vitro and in vivo using newly synthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) has been documented in this study. CuNPs have been synthesized using CuSO4 as a precursor, NaBH4 and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent, and polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG-8000) as a stabilizing agent. Characterization of CuNPs using a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) confirmed the nanoparticles' size range of 35–70 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the association of alcohol groups and allyl halides group with CuNPs. The synthesized CuNPs exhibited significant inhibition at 20 ppm of three pathogenic fungi namely Macrophomina phaseolina, Bipolaris maydis, and Fusarium verticillioides, and at 50 ppm against Rhizoctonia solani. Bactericidal property of CuNPs was evidenced against Erwinia carotovora and Ralstonia solanacearum at 30 ppm. Evaluation of CuNPs in vivo against two diseases viz., maydis leaf blight (MLB) and banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) culminated in a reduction in percent disease index (PDI). Seed treatment together with foliar spray @ 300 ppm of CuNPs resulted in a significant reduction of MLB. However, BLSB disease was reduced relatively less at the same aforesaid concentration nevertheless; it was evinced best in controlling BLSB disease. CuNPs were found inimical against beneficial fungi and bacteria. However, a positive effect was observed on soil enzyme activities namely dehydrogenase, urease, and alkaline phosphatase and maize seedling characters viz., shoot length, root length, number of roots per seedlings, fresh and dry weight.