bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of CaV2.2 channels and α2δ‐1 in homeostatic synaptic plasticity in cultured hippocampal neurons
Authors: Pilch Kjara S. , Ramgoolam Krishma H. , Dolphin Annette C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the mammalian brain, presynaptic CaV2 channels play a pivotal role in synaptic transmission by mediating fast neurotransmitter exocytosis via influx of Ca2+ into the active zone of presynaptic terminals. However, the distribution and modulation of CaV2.2 channels at plastic hippocampal synapses remains to be elucidated. Here, we assess CaV2.2 channels during homeostatic synaptic plasticity, a compensatory form of homeostatic control preventing excessive or insufficient neuronal activity during which extensive active zone remodelling has been described. We show that chronic silencing of neuronal activity in mature hippocampal cultures resulted in elevated presynaptic Ca2+ transients, mediated by increased levels of CaV2.2 channels at the presynaptic site. This work focused further on the role of α2δ‐1 subunits, important regulators of synaptic transmission and CaV2.2 channel abundance at the presynaptic membrane. We found that α2δ‐1 overexpression reduces the contribution of CaV2.2 channels to total Ca2+ flux without altering the amplitude of the Ca2+ transients. Levels of endogenous α2δ‐1 decreased during homeostatic synaptic plasticity, whereas the overexpression of α2δ‐1 prevented homeostatic synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons. Together, this study reveals a key role for CaV2.2 channels and novel roles for α2δ‐1 during synaptic plastic adaptation.
imageKey points
The roles of CaV2.2 channels and α2δ‐1 in homeostatic synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons in culture were examined.
Chronic silencing of neuronal activity resulted in elevated presynaptic Ca2+ transients, mediated by increased levels of CaV2.2 channels at presynaptic sites.
The level of endogenous α2δ‐1 decreased during homeostatic synaptic plasticity, whereas overexpression of α2δ‐1 prevented homeostatic synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons.
Together, this study reveals a key role for CaV2.2 channels and novel roles for α2δ‐1 during synaptic plastic adaptation.
Toward Understanding Sources and Influences of Design Fixation: A Focus on Example Stimuli and Background of Novice Designers
Authors: Jia Miao , Jiang Shuo , Hu Jie , Qi Jin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing examples to inspire designers to generate more innovative design solutions is a widely adopted methodology for design support, while inappropriate use of examples may simultaneously lead to design fixation. Once a designer falls into “design fixation” in the design process, the novelty of generated design solutions will not be satisfactory. Numerous prior studies have explored the usage of examples in the design process, while ignoring the importance of the background knowledge possessed by the designer. In this study, we performed a series of designer-involved experiments (N = 57) to explore the sources of design fixation and the factors that influence the level of fixation. From the experimental results, we found: (1) the shallow sources of design fixation are the example stimuli and the deeper sources are the previous design solutions that use the same design features. (2) Fixation-design features linkage diagrams could show the connection between design solutions. (3) For novice designers, using broad-type design features other than focused-type design features in the design processes can lead to better design performance. (4) Design-type knowledge contributes more to design innovation when no examples are provided, while engineering-type knowledge performs better when a model example is provided. These results not only show a strong link between design features and design fixation but also present the importance of professional background for design fixation. This study lays the foundation for proposing various targeted design methods to help designers mitigate fixation.
Field Development Optimization of Haynesville Shale Wells
Authors: Morsy Samiha , McClure Mark , Fowler Garrett , Ratcliff Dave 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Field development relies on understanding geological changes across a shale asset, adopting a successful landing zone strategy, and optimizing completion designs specific to each landing zone. Different areas may require different landing zone strategies or completion designs as a function of lithological and geological changes across the asset. Depletion effects also impact optimal landing and completion designs among pads. Therefore, a comprehensive field development plan is needed to address uncertainties and challenges that are associated with shale well development.
In this study, a simulation model is calibrated against field data, and then used for field development optimization. The plan first screens a wide range of development scenarios that include different landing strategies, frac zippering order, fluid intensity, proppant loading, cluster spacing, stage length, well spacing, and depletion levels. The screening is helpful to narrow the list of the key effective parameters to optimize. Tornado charts reveal relative importance of all tested parameters. The results reveal that, within the constraints of this particular study, stage length has largest impact on estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). Well spacing, landing, and fluid loading have a moderate effect. Proppant loading has the least impact. The majority of EUR uplift is associated with higher fluid intensity, shorter stage length, and wider well spacing. Optimal stage length is shown to change as a function of landing depth and is related to geology, geomechanics, and stress shadowing.
All tested scenarios provide different EURs, with different economic outcomes. Opportunity charts are used to identify the most economic field development scenarios. The best opportunities provide similar or higher EUR as of the current base design, but at a lower cost and/or higher rate of return. The best economical cases were recommended for field trials.
Eastern Margin of the Neoarchean Tunguska Superterrane: Data from Boreholes in the Central Part of the Siberian Platform
Authors: Samsonov A. V. , Erofeeva K. G. , Larionova Yu. O. , Larionov A. N. , Kuznetsov N. B. , Romanyuk T. V. , Solovyova N. V. , Zhilicheva O. M. , Dubenskiy A. S. , Sheshukov V. S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The paper presents data on granites and gneisses recovered by Kulindinskaya-1 hole drilled in the central part of the Siberian Craton. The biotite granites retain a porphyritic texture, correspond to I-type according to their compositional features, are enriched in LREE and moderately depleted in HREE, and have negative Eu, Sr, and Nb and positive Zr anomalies. The U−Pb zircon age of the granites is Neoarchean (2525 ± 10 Ma), with single cores of zircon grains dated at about 2.6 Ga, which likely suggests a crustal source of the granitic magmas. The model age TNd(DM) = 2.77 Ga of the granite shows that the crust from which the initial melts were derived had been formed shortly before the melting episode. In terms of age and all characteristics, the granites are close to those of the Yurubchen massif, which was drilled through in the western part of the Tunguska superterrane. The biotite gneiss was apparently derived from sedimentary rocks and was heavily reworked when the granites were emplaced. The enrichment of the gneiss in Cr and Ni is probably inherited from the sedimentary protolith, whereas the REE, HFSE, and LILE concentrations and distribution in the gneiss are similar to those of the granite. The concordant (D < 1%) U−Pb zircon ages (according to LA-ICP-MS data) broadly vary from 3284 to 2620 Ma, with two major peaks at 2717 and 2678 Ma. The model age of the gneiss TNd(DM) = 2.91 Ga confirms a contribution of the ancient crustal component to the sedimentary protolith of the rock. The minimum age of the detrital zircon, 2.62 Ga, determines the maximum age limit for sedimentation, and the minimum age limit is set by the age of the granite intrusions at 2.53 Ga. According to our data, the Archean gneisses and granites recovered by the Kulindinskaya-1 drillhole probably compose the eastern part of the Neoarchean Tunguska superterrane. Ereminskaya-101 drillhole, which was drilled 20 km northeast of Kulindinskaya-1, recovered gneisses with model ages TNd(DM) from 2.30 to 2.37 Ga, which belong to the adjacent Taimyr−Baikal suture zone with widespread Paleoproterozoic rocks. The contrasting crustal history of the adjacent complexes provides grounds to suggest that they were tectonically combined, which is an additional reason to consider the Taimyr−Baikal suture zone as a Paleoproterozoic collisional orogen.
Development of a cluster-like headache after a stent-assisted implantation of an endovascular WEB device
Authors: Meyer Tareq , Riabikin Alexander , Werner Cornelius Johannes 
Published: November 2022

After interdisciplinary consent, a male patient in his 50s received endovascular treatment of an innocent supraophthalmic aneurysm of the internal carotid artery with a WEB (woven endo bridge) device and stenting. In the medical history, a migraine with aura was reported. A week after intervention, the patient developed an ipsilateral cluster-like headache responsive to classical interventions. Inflammation of the carotid wall near the stent was demonstrated to be associated with the headaches and was responsive to steroid treatment.The presented case demonstrates that postinterventional headache comprises more headache entities than the often reported migraine and tension-type headache with a considerable impact on the patients’ quality of life. The case supports the vascular hypothesis of cluster headache pathophysiology, potentially contradicting current models and assumptions.
Impact of a multidisciplinary nutritional support team on quality improvement for patients receiving home parenteral nutrition
Authors: Rothkopf Michael , Pant Mohan , Brown Rebecca , Haselhorst Jaimie , Gagliardotto Francine , Tallman Allison , Stevenson Debbie , DePalma Andrew , Saracco Michael , Rosenberg Dan , Proudan Vladimir , Shareef Kishwar , Ayub Nudrat 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionHome parenteral nutrition (HPN) is essential for patients with intestinal failure requiring long-term nutritional support. The Amerita Quality Improvement Project for HPN Patients (QIP-PN) explored the effect of a physician nutrition expert (PNE)-led multidisciplinary nutritional support team (MNST) on HPN care for patients under its service.ObjectiveTo determine an MNST effect on adherence to protocols, outcomes and quality of life (QOL) in HPN.MethodsThe study was divided into three phases: data review (phases 1a and 1b), observation (phase 2) and intervention (phase 3). Seven Amerita locations were selected as ‘study branches’ (population), from which all study patients and controls were drawn. The quality improvement project employed a quasi-experimental case-matched control group (control) design. Data were collected on demographics, treating physicians PNE status, HPN care variables, recommended interventions, quality-of-life assessment, adverse outcomes and hospitalisations. Paired t-test compared continuous data between phases 2 and 3. Comparisons between study and control groups used a negative binomial regression model.ResultsThirty-four patients were reviewed in phase 1a and 197 in phase 1b. Forty study patients completed phase 2 and progressed into phase 3, of whom 30 completed ≥60 therapy days. Patients were lost to follow-up if they discontinued HPN for any reason. Improvements in weight, body mass index and QOL were seen in the study patients during intervention. Recommendations made and accepted by treating physicians differed based on PNE status. Study patients had fewer adverse outcomes and related hospitalisations than controls.ConclusionMNST recommendations improved clinical, biochemical parameters and patients’ self-reported overall health. MNST input reduced adverse outcomes, hospitalisation and the length of stay at the hospital. This study highlights the potential for MNST to have a significant impact on the quality and overall cost of HPN management.
Overall and cause-specific mortality rates among men and women with high exposure to indoor air pollution from the use of smoky and smokeless coal: a cohort study in Xuanwei, China
Authors: Nagaradona Teja , Bassig Bryan A , Hosgood Dean , Vermeulen Roel C H , Ning Bofu , Seow Wei Jie , Hu Wei , Portengen Lützen , Wong Jason , Shu Xiao-Ou , Zheng Wei , Appel Nathan , Gao Yu-Tang , Cai Qiu-Yin , Yang Gong , Chen Ying , Downward George , Li Jihua , Yang Kaiyun , McCullough Lauren , Silverman Debra , Huang Yunchao , Lan Qing 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesNever-smoking women in Xuanwei (XW), China, have some of the highest lung cancer rates in the country. This has been attributed to the combustion of smoky coal used for indoor cooking and heating. The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of cause-specific mortality in this unique population, including among those who use smokeless coal, considered ‘cleaner’ coal in XW, as this has not been well-characterised.DesignCohort study.SettingXW, a rural region of China where residents routinely burn coal for indoor cooking and heating.ParticipantsAge-adjusted, cause-specific mortality rates between 1976 and 2011 were calculated and compared among lifetime smoky and smokeless coal users in a cohort of 42 420 men and women from XW. Mortality rates for XW women were compared with those for a cohort of predominately never-smoking women in Shanghai.ResultsMortality in smoky coal users was driven by cancer (41%), with lung cancer accounting for 88% of cancer deaths. In contrast, cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounted for 32% of deaths among smokeless coal users, with 7% of deaths from cancer. Total cancer mortality was four times higher among smoky coal users relative to smokeless coal users, particularly for lung cancer (standardised rate ratio (SRR)=17.6). Smokeless coal users had higher mortality rates of CVD (SRR=2.9) and pneumonia (SRR=2.5) compared with smoky coal users. These patterns were similar in men and women, even though XW women rarely smoked cigarettes. Women in XW, regardless of coal type used, had over a threefold higher rate of overall mortality, and most cause-specific outcomes were elevated compared with women in Shanghai.ConclusionsCause-specific mortality burden differs in XW based on the lifetime use of different coal types. These observations provide evidence that eliminating all coal use for indoor cooking and heating is an important next step in improving public health particularly in developing countries.
Sleep disturbance in caregivers of individuals with Parkinsonism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sprajcer Madeline , Owen Patrick J , Crowther Meagan E , Harper Kirsty , Gupta Charlotte Cecelia , Ferguson Sally A , Gibson Rosemary H , Vincent Grace E 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe global prevalence of Parkinsonism continues to rise given ageing populations. Individuals with Parkinsonism who have moderate or severe symptoms typically require a high level of care, including assistance with activities of daily living. This care is often provided across the 24-hour period by a family member or friend. It is likely that providing care significantly impacts the sleep duration and quality of the caregiver given overnight caring responsibilities, in addition to worry and stress associated with the caregiving role. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether providing care to an individual with Parkinsonism was associated with disturbed caregiver sleep, and to identify associated factors that may contribute to disturbed sleep in this population.SettingFive databases were electronically searched on 30 June 2021 including CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, CENTRAL and EMBASE.ParticipantsEligibility criteria included a population of caregivers whose care recipient has a form of Parkinsonism.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTo be included in this systematic review, outcome measures of caregiver sleep (eg, sleep duration, sleep quality) were required.ResultsEighteen studies (n=1998) were included. Findings indicated that caregivers of individuals with Parkinsonism typically experience poor sleep quality (mean (95% CI): 5.6 (4.8 to 6.4) points on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), increased sleep latency and poor sleep efficiency.ConclusionsThe degree of poor sleep quality was clinically significant. However, further investigation of sleep outcomes is required using sleep measurement tools tailored for this population (eg, measures that capture overnight sleep disruption by care recipient/s). Additionally, there is a need for appropriate individual and societal-level interventions to improve caregiver sleep.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021274529.
Does reverse mentoring work in the NHS: a feasibility study of clinicians in practice
Authors: Raju Suneil A , Ching Hey-Long , Jalal Mustafa , Lau Michelle S , Rej Anupam , Tai F W David , Tun Gloria , Hopper Andrew D , McAlindon Mark E , Sidhu Reena , Thoufeeq Mo , Sanders David S 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the risks and benefits of reverse mentoring of consultants by junior doctors.DesignA feasibility study divided into two phases: first a semistructured interview where performance of participating consultants was assessed by junior doctors and then a second phase allowing for feedback to be given on a one-to-one basis. Data collected through questionnaires with free text questions and Likert scores.SettingTertiary teaching hospital in the UK.ParticipantsSix junior doctors (66.6% male, age range 31–40 years) and five consultants (80% male, age range 35–65 years and consultants for 5–20 years).InterventionReverse mentoring session.Main outcome measureThe concerns and/or benefits of the process of reverse mentoring. Confidence was assessed in 7 domains: clinical practice, approach to juniors, approachability, use of technology, time management, strengths and areas for improvement using Likert scales giving a total out of 35.ResultsThe most common concerns cited were overcoming the hierarchical difference and a selection bias in both mentors and mentees. However, no participant experienced this hierarchical difference through the reverse mentoring process and no relationships were negatively affected. Mentors became more confident in feeding back to seniors (23 vs 29 out of 35, p=0.04) most evident in clinical practice and areas to improve (3 vs 4 out of 5, p=0.041 and 3 vs 5 out of 5, p=0.041, respectively).ConclusionWe present the first study of reverse mentoring in an NHS clinical setting. Initial concerns with regard to damaged relationships and hierarchical gradients were not experienced and all participants perceived that they benefited from the process. Reverse mentoring can play a role in engaging and training future leaders at junior stages and provide a means for consultants to receive valuable feedback from junior colleagues.
Study protocol for the Multiple Symptoms Study 3: a pragmatic, randomised controlled trial of a clinic for patients with persistent (medically unexplained) physical symptoms
Authors: Mooney Cara , White David Alexander , Dawson Jeremy , Deary Vincent , Fryer Kate , Greco Monica , Horspool Michelle , Neilson Aileen , Rowlands Gillian , Sanders Tom , Thomas Ruth E , Thomas Steve , Waheed Waquas , Burton Christopher D 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionPersistent physical symptoms (which cannot be adequately attributed to physical disease) affect around 1 million people (2% of adults) in the UK. They affect patients’ quality of life and account for at least one third of referrals from General Practitioners (GPs) to specialists. These referrals give patients little benefit but have a real cost to health services time and diagnostic resources. The symptoms clinic has been designed to help people make sense of persistent physical symptoms (especially if medical tests have been negative) and to reduce the impact of symptoms on daily life.Methods and analysisThis pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial will assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the symptoms clinic intervention plus usual care compared with usual care alone. Patients were identified through GP searches and mail-outs and recruited by the central research team. 354 participants were recruited and individually randomised (1:1). The primary outcome is the self-reported Physical Health Questionnaire-15 at 52 weeks postrandomisation. Secondary outcome measures include the EuroQol 5 dimension 5 level and healthcare resource use. Outcome measures will also be collected at 13 and 26 weeks postrandomisation. A process evaluation will be conducted including consultation content analysis and interviews with participants and key stakeholders.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained via Greater Manchester Central Research Ethics Committee (Reference 18/NW/0422). The results of the trial will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals, presented at relevant conferences and disseminated to trial participants and patient interest groups.Trial registration numberISRCTN57050216.
Effects of Baduanjin exercise on motor function, balance and gait in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lai Jinghui , Cai Yangfan , Yang Liyan , Xia Min , Cheng Xi , Chen Ying 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of Baduanjin on motor function, balance and gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Study selectionAll eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in the English and Chinese language were included.Data sourcesTen electronic databases were systematically searched, from inception to 17 March 2022: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCOhost, OVID, SinoMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and China Science Journal Database (VIP).Review methodsMethodological quality assessment and meta-analysis were performed for the included studies using the Cochrane Review Manager V.5.4 software.ResultsTen RCTs with 804 participants were included. The results revealed the following: (1) Baduanjin significantly improved the motor function of patients with PD, based on the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Part III (mean difference, MD −5.37, 95% CI −8.96 to −1.78, p=0.003) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity (MD 5.39, 95% CI 2.71 to 8.07, p<0.0001); (2) Baduanjin significantly improved the ability of balance of patients with PD, based on the Berg Balance Scale (MD 4.40, 95% CI 3.08 to 5.73, p<0.00001); (3) Baduanjin significantly improved the gait of patients with PD, based on the 6 min walk distance (MD 21.62, 95% CI 11.14 to 32.10, p<0.0001). After the further subgroup and sensitivity analyses, the heterogeneity was identified to be potentially due to the different degrees of disease severity in patients with PD and the difference in Baduanjin intervention durations.ConclusionsThe analysis of this systematic evaluation indicates that Baduanjin might have a positive effect in improving the motor function, balance and gait of patients with PD. However, due to the quantity and clinical heterogeneity limitations of the included studies, this conclusion still warrants more high-quality and multicentre RCTs for further verification.