bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mobilization Poster stimulates Early In-Hospital Rehabilitation after Cardiac Surgery: A prospective sequential-group study
Authors: Halfwerk Frank R. , Wielens Nicole , Hulskotte Stephanie , Brusse-Keizer Marjolein , Grandjean Jan G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background Patients infrequently mobilize at the surgical ward after cardiac surgery. Inactivity results in prolonged hospital stay, readmissions and increased cardiovascular mortality. Next, the course of in-hospital mobilization activities for patients is unclear. The aim was to evaluate early mobilization after heart surgery with a mobilization poster on the Activity Classification Guide for Inpatient Activities score from the American College for Sports Medicine (ACSM). Second, to develop a Thorax Centrum Twente (TCT) score with actual activities. Methods A poster was developed for the Moving is Improving! study to stimulate hospital mobilization after heart surgery. In this sequential-group study at a cardiothoracic surgery ward, 32 patients were included in the usual care group and 209 patients in the poster mobilization group. Change of ACSM and TCT scores over time were both defined as primary endpoints. Secondary endpoints included length of stay and survival. A subgroup analysis for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was performed. Results ACSM score increased during hospital stay (p < 0.001). No significant increase of ACSM score was observed with a mobilization poster (p = 0.27), nor in the CABG subgroup (p = 0.15). The poster increased mobility to chair, toilet, corridor (all p < 0.01) and home trainer (p = 0.02) as measured by the activity-specific TCT scores, without differences in length of stay or survival. Conclusions ACSM score measured day-to-day functional changes, without significant differences between the poster mobilization and usual care group. Actual activities measured with the TCT score did improve. The mobilization poster is now new standard care, and effects in other centers and other departments should be assessed. Trial registration: This study does not fall under the ICMJE trial definition and was not registered.
Can Clean Heating Policy reduce carbon emission? Evidence from Northern China
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhou Yaodong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Clean Heating Policy aims to solve the problems of excessive energy consumption and severe air pollution caused by heating in winter in northern China. Whether it can effectively reduce carbon emissions remains underexplored. Using the panel data of 65 cities in Northern China from 2010 to 2019, this paper constructs a dynamic spatial DID model to empirically study the carbon reduction effect of Clean Heating Policy and its influence channels. The results are as follows: Firstly, Clean Heating Policy can significantly reduce carbon emissions, which still holds after multiple robustness tests. The policy has a lag effect, but its spatial spillover effect and long-term effect are not significant. Secondly, the carbon reduction effect of Clean Heating Policy is mainly achieved through optimizing the energy structure and improving the thermal efficiency of heat consumer terminals. Thirdly, the carbon reduction effect varies by city and emission fields. It’s only significantly established in low-subsidy cities, high-carbon cities and household fields. Fourthly, there is a synergistic reduction relationship between Clean Heating Policy and Low-carbon City policy. Based on the results, this paper puts forward policy implications such as promoting policies in multiple ways and improving subsidy efficiency, which can provide reference for other countries.
Perspectives of Family Medicine Residents in Riyadh on Leadership Training: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alluhaymid Yousef , Alalwan Abdulaziz , Alruwaitea Abdulmajeed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMedical educators in academia have faced challenges incorporating leadership training into curricula while minimizing redundancy and assuring value and relevance for all learners. This study aims to assess the status of leadership training as perceived by family medicine residents in Riyadh to advise the development of a formal leadership training curriculum.MethodThe research is cross-sectional and quantitative. Participants were asked via an electronic questionnaire about their leadership attitudes, perceived degree of training in various leadership domains, and where they could find additional training.ResultsThe survey was completed by 270 family medicine residents in Riyadh. Residents rated the importance of physician leadership in their communities as high (6 out of 7 on a Likert scale). In contrast, agreement with the statement 'I am a leader' obtained the lowest grade (4.4 of 7 on a Likert scale). Overall, most of the residents participating in the study (50% or more) voiced a desire for more training in all leadership domains. Over 50% of residents indicated that leadership electives or selective lectures, workshops, or seminars as well as WADAs (Weekly Academic Day Activities), leadership mentors or coaches teaching junior learners (with training), and leadership courses could be incorporated into the curriculum to foster leadership skills.ConclusionResidents were enthusiastic about family physicians being leaders, aligning with the current educational philosophy but requiring formal training. They also indicated areas where leadership training might be improved and developed in the current curriculum. This poll's results could be used to help residents build leadership skills by incorporating them into a formal leadership curriculum.
Effects of thermophoresis and mixed convection on generalized Newtonian flow with gold nanoparticles
Authors: Abou-zeid Mohamed Y. , Ouaf Mahmoud E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, non-Newtonian nanofluid flow with heat transfer through a non-Darcy porous medium has been studied, in the presence of effects. Moreover, The heat source, viscous and Ohmic dissipation, chemical reaction, elctromagnetic field, and biot number effects are taken into consideration. Suitable similarity transformations simplify the system of non-linear equations which govern the flow. Then, the Rung-Kutta-Merson method in a shooting and matching technique is used to obtain the numerical solutions of the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticles concentration as functions of the physical parameters of the problem. Moreover, the effects of these parameters on these solutions are discussed numerically and depicted graphically. It is found that both tangential and normal velocities increase or decrease as the Biot number increases. While as both the pressure gradient and radiation parameters increase, the temperature increases or decreases, and both Schmidt numbers and magnetic field parameter lead to increase the nanoparticles concentration.
A novel method by microwave cutting ceramics based on thermal crack and trajectory control
Authors: lu yao , he zongyang , Xu Jianan , Wang Yang , Yang LiJun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Herein, microwave thermal crack method is innovatively employed in cutting Al2O3 ceramics. Different from the conventional cutting technology, thermal controlled fracture method is progressive and environmentally friendly, which adopts tensile stress to peel off the brittle material into two parts. The heat source induces tensile stress as thermal stress. Additionally, based on Fourier heat transfer equation and thermo-elasticity, the physical model of microwave thermal crack cutting Al2O3 ceramics is established and calculated. The thickness of the graphite coating, the width of the graphite coating and the prefabricated crack in the process of microwave thermal crack cutting Al2O3 were studied. The effect of graphite coating width on crack trajectory was also investigated by simulation combined with test. From the result, it can be seen that the narrower the width of graphite coating, the weaker the processing ability and the better the trajectory control ability. The microscope is adopted to evaluate the surface and cross section morphologies detailly. This study elaborates briefly the interaction mechanism of microwave thermal crack cutting Al2O3 ceramic surface and provides practical guidance for aerospace industries applications.
Association between Children Living with Obesity and Mental Health Problems: a Data Analysis of the Welsh Health Survey, UK
Authors: Beynon Claire 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Obesity and mental health problems in children are both significant and growing public health issues. There is mixed evidence on the relationship between obesity and mental health in children. This study examines the association between obesity and mental health problems in a nationally representative sample of children using the Welsh Health Survey for Children (n = 11,279 aged 4–15 years).
Methods
The Chi-square test assessed the difference in the proportion of children reporting abnormal mental health scores (strengths and difficulties score ≥ 20) in children living with obesity (≥ 95 centile for age and sex). Then, a multivarible logistic regression was used to assess any association after accounting for confounding.
Results
There were 1,582 children living with obesity in the study (19.6%). The Chi-square test indicated a significant difference in the proportion of children with abnormal mental health scores in children living with obesity (p = 0.001). This study found a very small but highly significant positive association between mental health and childhood obesity after accounting for confounding, Odds Ratio 1.02 (95%CI: 1.01 to 1.02, p = 0.001). However, socio-economic status was more of a driver.
Conclusion
The findings of this study show a very small but highly significant association between childhood obesity and mental health problems. The multivariable logistic regression indicates that the focus must remain on reducing health inequalities as this is a more important driver of child health and well-being. However, as a precautionary measure it may be worth considering if children living with obesity who present for weight-management services may benefit from a review of their mental health status to identify if further support is needed, if capacity allows, and this can be done in a supportive way.
NEURO-COVAX: An Italian Population-Based Study of Neurological Complications After COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Salsone Maria , Signorelli Carlo , Oldani Alessandro , Patone Martina , Alberti Valerio Fabio , Castronovo Vincenza , Mazzitelli Salvatore , Minerva Massimo , Ferini-Strambi Luigi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
In this Italian population-based study, we aimed to evaluate neurological complications after first and/or second dose of COVID-19 vaccines and factors potentially associated with adverse effects.
Methods
Our study included adults aged-18 years and older, receiving two vaccine doses in vaccination Hub Novegro (Lombardy) between July 7–16 2021. NEURO-COVAX questionnaire was able to capture neurological events, onset and duration. Data digitized centrally by Lombardy-Region were used to match demographic/clinical characteristics and identify a vulnerable profile. Associations between vaccine-lines and development of complications were assessed.
Results
NEURO-COVAX-cohort included 19.108 vaccinated-people: 15.368 mRNA BNT162b2, 2077 mRNA-1273, 1651 ChAdOx1nCov-19 and 12 Ad26.COV2, subsequently excluded. About 31.3% of sample developed post-vaccination neurological complications, particularly ChAdOx1nCov-19. Vulnerable clinical profile emerged, over 40% of symptomatic people showed comorbidities in clinical history. Defining neurological risk profile, we found increased risk for ChAdOx1nCov-19 of tremor (OR:5.12, 95% CI:3.51–7.48), insomnia (OR:1.87, 95% CI:1.02–3.39); muscle spasms (OR:1.62, 95% CI:1.08–2.46) and headache (OR:1.49, 95% CI:0.96–1.57); for mRNA-1273 of parethesias (OR:2.37, 95% CI:1.48–3.79), vertigo (OR:1.68, 95% CI:1.20–2.35), diplopia (OR:1.55, 95% CI:0.67–3.57), daytime sleepiness (OR:1.28, 95% CI:0.98–1.67).
Discussion
This study estimates prevalence and risk of neurological complications associated to COVID-19 vaccines, improving vaccination guidelines and loading in future to personalized preventive medicine.
TGF-β mRNA levels in circulating extracellular vesicles are associated with response to anti-PD1 treatment in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Crucitta Stefania , Cucchiara Federico , Marconcini Riccardo , Bulleri Alessandra , Manacorda Simona , Cioni Dania , Nuzzo Amedeo , de Jonge Evert , Mathjissen Ron H.J. , Neri Emanuele , Schaik Ron H.N. van , Fogli Stefano , Danesi Romano , Re Marzia Del 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent the standard therapy for malignant melanoma. However, a number of patients do not respond to ICIs and biomarker development remains challenging. Methods: This single cohort observational study investigates the association between mRNA levels of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) ligand 1 (PD-L1), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) in 30 patients with metastatic melanoma treated with first line anti-PD-1 antibodies. Blood samples were collected at baseline and RNA extracted from EVs. The RNA levels of PD-L1, IFN-γ, and TGF-β were analysed by digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). A biomarker-radiomic analysis was performed in a subset of patients.Results: Patients with high TGF-β expression (cut-off fractional abundance [FA] >0.19) at baseline had longer median progression-free survival (8.4 vs 1.8 months; p=0.006) and overall survival (17.9 vs 2.63 months; p=0.0009). Moreover, radiomic analysis demonstrated that patients with high TGF-β expression at baseline had smaller lesions (2.41 ± 3.27 ml vs 42.79 ± 101.08 ml, p<0.001) and higher dissimilarity (12.01 ± 28.23 vs 5.65 ± 8.4; p=0.018).Conclusions: These results provide evidence that high TGF-β expression in extracellular vesicles at baseline is associated with a better response to immunotherapy. Further investigation on a larger patient population is needed to validate the predictive power of this potential biomarker of response to ICIs.
Competitive formation of molecular inclusion complexes of chlordecone and β- hexachlorocyclohexane with natural cyclodextrins: DFT and Molecular Dynamics study
Authors: Ferino-Pérez Anthuan , Portorreal Queiroz , Gamboa-Carballo Juan J. , Minofar Babak , Gaspard Sarra , Jauregui-Haza Ulises J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The chlordecone (CLD) and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) are chlorinated pesticides that coexist as persistent organic pollutants in the groundwater of several countries in the Caribbean, being an environmental issue. This work theoretically evaluates the competitive formation of host-guest complexes pesticides@cyclodextrines (CDs) as an alternative for water purification and selective separation of pesticides. Quantum mechanical calculations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to achieve information on geometries, energies, structure, and dynamics of guest-host complexes in the gas phase, implicit solvent medium, and in aqueous solutions. DFT studies showed that interactions of both pesticides with CDs are mediated by steric factors and guided by maximization of the hydrophobic interactions either with the other pesticide or with the CD cavity’s inner atoms. MD results corroborate the formation of stable complexes of both pesticides with the studied CDs. α-CD exhibited a preference for the smaller β-HCH molecule over the CLD that could not perturb the formed complex. The simulation of competitive formation with γ-CD illustrated that this molecule could accommodate both pesticides inside its cavity. These results suggest that CDs with smaller cavity sizes such as α-CD could be used for selective separation of β-HCH from CLD in water bodies while γ-CD could be used for methods that aim to remove both pesticides at the same time.
Dynamical behavior for the approximate solutions and different wave profiles nonlinear fractional generalised Pochhammer-Chree equation in mathematical physics
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Fartyal Prachi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this Paper, fractional homotopy perturbation transform method (FHPTM) is used to obtain a variety of approximate solutions for the nonlinear fractional generalized Pochhammer-Chree equation which describes certain interesting higher-dimensional waves in harmonic studies, electrical, fluid mechanics, and other fields. By apply the caputo fabrizio derivative via laplace transform technique, we investigate all concerned wave models that have been used in the examination for the propagation of harmonic waves in a cylindrical rod and several problems in fluid mechanics and wave theory in physics. Banach’s fixed point hypothesis is tested for governing fractional-order model in order to establish the existence and uniqueness of the achieved solution. We considered the model in terms of arbitrary order with three cases and introduced corresponding numerical simulations to demonstrate and validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. By assigning appropriate values to free parameters, dynamical wave structures of some approximate solutions are graphically demonstrated using 2D and 3D fig. This method can also be used to approximate the solutions of other well-known equations in engineering physics, quantum field , and other applied sciences. Furthermore, various simulations are used to demonstrate the physical behaviors of the acquired solution with respect to fractional integer order.
Arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients with nonsustained atrial tachycardia
Authors: Lage João Gabriel Batista , Bortolotto Alexandre L. , Bortolotto Luiz A. , Verardino Renata G.S. , Pessente Gabrielle D. , Bihan David C.S. Le , Hachul Denise T. , Sacilotto Luciana , Wu Tan C. , Bueno Sávia C. P. , Rivarola Esteban W.R. , Gruppi César J. , Barbosa Silvio A. , Alves Juliana B. S. , Mathias Wilson , Scanavacca Maurício I. , Darrieux Francisco C.C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives: The pathophysiological mechanisms of increased arterial stiffness, currently an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation, remain poorly understood. This study investigated the association of arterial stiffness with the presence of nonsustained atrial tachycardia (NSAT) in hypertensive patients.Methods: We included sixty participants from a single centre without evident cardiovascular disease who underwent extensive cardiovascular examination. Arterial stiffness was assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and Augmentation Index corrected for a heart rate of 75 bpm (Aix@75). Speckle-tracking echocardiography assessed left atrial (LA) function. A 24-hour ECG was used to identify patients with NSAT.Results: There was no statistically significant difference in arterial stiffness between groups. Compared to the control group, NSAT group was older (69.82 ± 6.92 vs. 63.32 ± 6.98, p value 0.001), with more men (43.3% vs. 16.7%, p=0.047), higher prevalence of interatrial block (43.3% vs. 16.7%, p=0.047), lower use of ACEIs/ARBs (73.3% vs. 96.7%, p=0.026) and higher proportion of patients with high BNP levels (31.0% vs. 0.0%, p< 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference for LA strain parameters.Conclusion: In this small pilot study, in hypertensive individuals without major cardiovascular comorbidities arterial stiffness was not associated with an increased presence of NSAT on 24-hour ECG.
Using a Genre-Based Approach to Raise College Students’ Awareness and Use of Discourse Markers to Improve Discourse Competence in Oral Communication
Authors: Pan Wei-chi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study explored college students’ knowledge of discourse markers (DMs hereinafter) and the development in raising their awareness of discourse competence by adopting a genre-based approach (GBA hereinafter) to eliminate students’ inappropriate use of certain DMs. The participants were 28 freshman students with an English proficiency at the CEFR B2 level. A pre- and post-test design was employed to measure students’ use of DMs in speaking before and after the GBA intervention in written and spoken discourse. The results showed a statistically significant increase in the students’ frequencies and varieties of DMs in the post-test. The study concluded that teaching DMs through GBA raised the students’ metalinguistic awareness of using DMs in different genres and enhanced their ability to engage in coherent and cohesive discourse. The outcomes suggested that applying GBA to teach DMs helps students transfer receptive skills into productive skills used to express their thoughts orally.
Design a new strategy for evaluating biodegradation mechanisms between plant tape and industrial tapes
Authors: Tang Dongping , Yu Houyong , Abdalkarim Somia Yassin Hussain , Wang Mingxin , Chen Xiang , Zhu Jingli , jin Meijin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
China’s express delivery industry is developing rapidly, but the degradation and non-degradability of packaging tapes have been tremendously controversial and the degradation mechanism is not clear. In this work, the biodegradation behavior/mechanism and mechanical property of the polypropylene-based tape (BOPP tape), polypropylene doped with calcium carbonate (BOPP/CaCO3 tape), and Plant-based tape (Plant tape) are discussed. It is found that the degradability ability and breaking strength of Plant tape are better than BOPP and BOPP/CaCO3 tapes. Simultaneously, the possible degradation mechanisms of three tapes under three degradation ways were presented, providing a theoretical basis for developing their potential uses in the green packaging, express, and electronic industries.
Variability of trunk muscle synergies underlying the multidirectional movements and stability trunk motor tasks in healthy individuals
Authors: Saito Hiroki , Yokoyama Hikaru , Sasaki Atsushi , Matsushita Kazuya , Nakazawa Kimitaka 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Muscle synergy analysis is a useful approach for investigating the nature of trunk coordination patterns based on the assumption that the central nervous system reduces the dimensionality of muscle activation to simplify movement. This study aimed to quantify the variability in trunk muscle synergy during 11 trunk motor tasks in healthy participants to provide reference data for evaluating trunk control strategies in patients and athletes. Even in a highly variable task context, the five trunk muscle synergies with their temporal patterns presented well-reconstructed original electromyography data. While the variability in trunk synergies between participants and sessions were comparable to those for other body parts in previous studies, these metrics had a broad range, reflecting some level of redundancy of the musculoskeletal system in healthy individuals. Furthermore, the significant differences in the degree of variability between the trunk synergies may reflect the different neural features of trunk synergy organization and strategies to overcome the various mechanical demands of a motor task. The quantification of the variability of trunk muscle synergy may guide the assessment of stereotypes or diverse features of trunk control strategies and the interpretation of adaptability in the presence of diseases or the process of motor training in future research.