bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety system design and overfill protection for loading asphalt onto trucks
Authors: Ampadu Wendy , Malik Hassan , Diezmos Ray , Hyslob Jeremy 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere are several technologies out there for use as high‐level switches as part of a system for shutting down flow to a vessel. Given that asphalt truck loading poses issues such as poor visibility, coating, condensation, and fumes, a solution that is robust enough to last in these conditions is often needed in industries. Furthermore, the design of the loading arm, rack, and process equipment may need to be changed to allow for the safety to work as needed. This report would not just be selecting an overflow technology but completing the redesign of structures for use at loading facilities. This report is based on loading facilities at a bitumen production company based in Toronto, Canada with over 25 locations across the country. The engineering design approach was used to create multiple redesign concepts for the loading dock system. Research on overfill systems was also completed by surveying the existing market for technologies and securing quotes from over 20 Canadian and United States instrumentation companies. A final loading dock redesign and level transmitter for overfill protection solution were chosen.
Increasing resistance to multiple anthelmintic classes in gastrointestinal nematodes on sheep farms in southwest England
Authors: Bull Katie , Glover Mike J. , Rose Vineer Hannah , Morgan Eric R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnthelmintic resistance (AR) in gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) is increasing globally, and farmers are encouraged to adopt sustainable control measures. Haemonchus contortus is increasingly reported in the UK, potentially complicating effective GIN control.MethodsFaecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were conducted on 13 farms in north Devon, England, UK in 2016. Relative abundance of H. contortus was quantified using peanut agglutinin staining and used to estimate faecal egg count reduction percentages (FECR%) using the eggCounts R package.ResultsOn average, farms had GIN resistance to three anthelmintic classes. No farms had susceptibility to all anthelmintics tested. AR was more prevalent in 2016 than on the same farms in 2013. H. contortus was present on 85% of the farms tested and comprised on average 6% (0%–52%) of GIN eggs before treatment. Resistance or suspected resistance to all anthelmintics tested was observed in this species on different farms.ConclusionThe results demonstrate diversity of AR profiles on farms, apparent progression of AR within a 3‐year period, and challenges detecting AR in mixed‐species infections. Where possible, interpretation of mixed‐species FECRT should take into account the relative abundance of species pre‐ and post‐treatment to identify pragmatic treatment options targeting individual genera.
Multi-objective-based reactive power planning and voltage stability enhancement using FACTS and capacitor banks
Authors: Eladl Abdelfattah A. , Basha Mohamed I. , ElDesouky Azza A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReactive power planning (RPP) and voltage stability improvement (VSI) consider two of the most important problems to meet a major challenge of the power system. In this work, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) for RPP with objectives of cost minimization of the power losses, new reactive power (VAR) sources, maximization of the VSI, and enhancement of total transfer capacity (TTC) is introduced. Different optimization variables are considered including generator voltages, transformer tap changers besides load, and different operational constraints. The best compromise solution is determined through a fuzzy min–max approach. Comparison studies among capacitor banks, flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS) or both as new VAR support sources to achieve better performance are explored. Moreover, the optimal allocations of switchable VAR sources are not determined in advance; instead, they are treated as control variables to improve the techno-economic operation of the network. Added to that many voltage stability indicators are presented, and their results are compared. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is examined on a modified IEEE 30-bus test system and South Egypt Electricity network where felicitous results have been acquired. The results expound on the effectiveness of the proposed approach compared with other optimization methods.
Submuscular Implant‐Based Breast Reconstruction Using a Musculofascial Pocket Formed by the Pectoralis Major Muscle and the Serratus Anterior Muscle Fascia: A Novel Surgical Approach
Authors: Mok Hsiao‐Pei , Wen Lingzhu , Lin Xiaoyi , Lin Xin , Liao Ning , Zhang Guochun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubpectoral implant‐based breast reconstruction following mastectomy commonly severs the inferior border of the pectoralis major muscle for better projection of the lower pole. This can affect a patient's postoperative motor function and result in animation deformity. Implant‐based breast reconstruction using partial muscle coverage with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) can be costly. There is an unmet clinical need for a novel surgical method for submuscular implant‐based breast reconstruction.MethodsWe describe an innovative technique for submuscular implant‐based breast reconstruction following mastectomy. The approach utilizes the serratus anterior muscle fascia connected to the lateral margin of the pectoralis major muscle to form a lateral tissue pocket for implant coverage. This method preserves the inferior border of the pectoralis major muscle and minimizes the size of ADM coverage. Patient satisfaction on the BREAST‐Q Reconstruction Module and complications were assessed 12 months after surgery.ResultsThe novel surgical design was safe and used minimal ADM (6 × 5cm2). Mean satisfaction with breasts was 61 ± 4.7 (range, 48–73), mean psychosocial well‐being was 66 ± 10 (range, 50–93), and mean sexual well‐being was 47 ± 7.8 (range, 27–70). Animation deformity was avoided by preserving the inferior border of the pectoralis major muscle. Rates of revision (7.6%) and postsurgical seroma (3.4%) were low, and capsular contracture was minimal.ConclusionsSubmuscular implant‐based breast reconstruction following mastectomy utilizing the serratus anterior muscle fascia connected to the lateral margin of the pectoralis major muscle to form a lateral tissue pocket for implant coverage is safe, feasible, and generates good aesthetic outcomes.
Elevated Serum Triglyceride Levels in Acute Pancreatitis: A Parameter to be Measured and Considered Early
Authors: Hidalgo Nils Jimmy , Pando Elizabeth , Alberti Piero , Vidal Laura , Mata Rodrigo , Fernandez Nair , Gomez‐Jurado Maria Jose , Dopazo Cristina , Blanco Laia , Tasayco Stephanie , Molero Xavier , Balsells Joaquim , Charco Ramon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe value of serum triglycerides (TGs) related to complications and the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been clearly defined. Our study aimed to analyze the association of elevated levels of TG with complications and the severity of AP.MethodsThe demographic and clinical data of patients with AP were prospectively analyzed. TG levels were measured in the first 24 h of admission. Patients were divided into two groups: one with TG values of<200 mg/dL and another with TG≥200 mg/dL. Data on the outcomes of AP were collected.ResultsFrom January 2016 to December 2019, 247 cases were included: 200 with TG<200 mg/dL and 47 with TG≥200 mg/dL. Triglyceride levels≥200 mg/dL were associated with respiratory failure (21.3 vs. 10%, p=0.033), renal failure (23.4 vs. 12%, p=0.044), cardiovascular failure (19.1 vs. 7.5%, p=0.025), organ failure (34 vs. 18.5%, p=0.02), persistent organ failure (27.7 vs. 9.5%, p=0.001), multiple organ failure (19.1 vs. 8%, p=0.031), moderately severe and severe AP (68.1 vs. 40.5%, p=0.001), pancreatic necrosis (63.8 vs. 34%, p<0.001), and admission to the intensive care unit (27.7 vs. 9.5%, p=0.003). In the multivariable analysis, a TG level of≥200 mg/dL was independently associated with respiratory, renal, and cardiovascular failure, organ failure, persistent organ failure, multiple organ failure, pancreatic necrosis, severe pancreatitis, and admission to the intensive care unit (p<0.05).ConclusionsIn our cohort, TG≥200 mg/dL was related to local and systemic complications. Early determinations of TG levels in AP could help identify patients at risk of complications.
Sodium in the New Zealand diet: proposed voluntary food reformulation targets will not meet the WHO goal of a 30% reduction in total sodium intake
Authors: Wang Nan Xin , Skeaff Sheila , Cameron Claire , Fleming Elizabeth , McLean Rachael Mira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo simulate the potential impact of the HeartSAFE 2020 programme, a food reformulation initiative by the New Zealand (NZ) Heart Foundation, on sodium intake in the NZ adult population.MethodsA representative sample of NZ adults aged 15 years and older completed a 24-h diet recall survey, with 25% of participants completing a second diet recall, in the 2008/09 New Zealand Adult Nutrition Survey (n = 4721). These data were used to estimate sodium intakes of participants. The effect of altering the sodium content of 840 foods in 17 categories and 35 sub-categories included in the NZ HeartSAFE 2020 programme was simulated. The simulated sodium intake reductions in each food sub-category for the entire sample were calculated. Using sampling weights, simulated reductions in population sodium intake and by sociodemographic subgroups were also analysed.ResultsSodium intake from foods included in the HeartSAFE 2020 programme was 1307 mg/day (95% CI 1279, 1336) at baseline. After applying the HeartSAFE 2020 targets, potential sodium intake was 1048 mg/day (95% CI 1024, 1027). The absolute sodium reduction was 260 mg/day (95% CI 252, 268), corresponding to 20% sodium reduction for the foods included in the NZ HeartSAFE programme.ConclusionCurrent sodium targets featured in the NZ HeartSAFE programme will not meet the 30% sodium intake reduction set out by the WHO Global Action Plan. A more comprehensive strategy consistent with the WHO SHAKE Technical Package is needed to advance the goal of sodium intake reduction.
Referral trajectories in patients with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders and their impact on health-related quality of life and functioning: results from the longitudinal multicenter study MobilE-TRA
Authors: Katzenberger Benedict , Koller Daniela , Strobl Ralf , Kisch Rebecca , Sanftenberg Linda , Voigt Karen , Grill Eva 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Due to reported barriers in the management of patients with vertigo, dizziness and balance problems (VDB), referral trajectories starting from primary care might be determined by other factors than medical necessity. The objective of this paper was to examine the impact of disease-related and other determinants on referral trajectories of older patients with VDB and to investigate, how these trajectories affect the patients’ functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods
Data originate from the longitudinal multicenter study MobilE-TRA, conducted in two German federal states. Referrals to neurologists or ear-nose-throat (ENT) specialists were considered. Referral patterns were visualized using a state sequence analysis. Predictors of referral trajectories were examined using a multinomial logistic regression model. Linear mixed models were calculated to assess the impact of referral patterns on the patients’ HRQoL and functioning.

Results
We identified three patterns of referral trajectories: primary care physician (PCP) only, PCP and neurologist, and PCP and ENT. Chances of referral to a neurologist were higher for patients with a neurological comorbidity (OR = 3.22, 95%-CI [1.003; 10.327]) and lower for patients from Saxony (OR = 0.08, 95%-CI [0.013; 0.419]). Patients with a PCP and neurologist referral pattern had a lower HRQoL and lower functioning at baseline assessment. Patients with unspecific diagnoses also had lower functioning.

Conclusion
Referral trajectories were determined by present comorbidities and the regional healthcare characteristics. Referral trajectories affected patients’ HRQoL. Unspecific VDB diagnoses seem to increase the risk of ineffective management and consequently impaired functioning.
Evidence for near-source nonlinear propagation of volcano infrasound from Strombolian explosions at Yasur Volcano, Vanuatu
Authors: Maher Sean P. , Matoza Robin S. , Jolly Arthur , de Groot-Hedlin Catherine , Gee Kent L. , Fee David , Iezzi Alexandra M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVolcanic eruption source parameters may be estimated from acoustic pressure recordings dominant at infrasonic frequencies (< 20 Hz), yet uncertainties may be high due in part to poorly understood propagation dynamics. Linear acoustic propagation of volcano infrasound is commonly assumed, but nonlinear processes such as wave steepening may distort waveforms and obscure the sourcing process in recorded waveforms. Here we use a previously developed frequency-domain nonlinearity indicator to quantify spectral changes due to nonlinear propagation primarily in 80 signals from explosions at Yasur Volcano, Vanuatu. We find evidence for $$\le$$
≤
10−3 dB/m spectral energy transfer in the band 3–9 Hz for signals with amplitude on the order of several hundred Pa at 200–400 m range. The clarity of the nonlinear spectral signature increases with waveform amplitude, suggesting stronger nonlinear changes for greater source pressures. We observe similar results in application to synthetics generated through finite-difference wavefield simulations of nonlinear propagation, although limitations of the model complicate direct comparison to the observations. Our results provide quantitative evidence for nonlinear propagation that confirms previous interpretations made on the basis of qualitative observations of asymmetric waveforms.
Association between socioeconomic status and academic performance in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Khalid Rabia , Van Zwieten Anita , Kim Siah , Didsbury Madeleine , Francis Anna , Mctaggart Steven , Walker Amanda , Mackie Fiona E. , Prestidge Chanel , Teixeira-Pinto Armando , Barton Belinda , Lorenzo Jennifer , Lah Suncica , Howard Kirsten , Nassar Natasha , Au Eric , Tong Allison , Blazek Katrina , Craig Jonathan C. , Wong Germaine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower academic achievement; however, this relationship is understudied in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study examined the relationship between SES and academic performance in children and adolescents with CKD.

Methods
A total of 377 participants aged 6–18 years with CKD stages 1–5 (n = 199), on dialysis (n = 43) or with a kidney transplant (n = 135) were recruited. Five SES measures and a composite SES index were examined for associations with parent-rated average or above average academic performance in numeracy and literacy using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
Participants’ median age was 12.6 years (IQR 8.9–15.5). Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) (95%CI) for better performance in numeracy and literacy, respectively, were 0.71 (0.44–1.15) and 0.75 (0.45–1.23) for children whose caregivers had lower educational attainment; 0.46 (0.26–0.80) and 0.53 (0.30–0.93) for lower household income; 0.52 (0.32–0.85) and 0.44 (0.26–0.73) for caregivers who were unemployed; 0.68 (0.41–1.12) and 0.59 (0.35–1.00) for caregivers with poor self-rated financial status; and 0.93 (0.53–1.64) and 1.00 (0.56–1.79) for caregivers who did not own their own home. Compared with the highest SES index quartile, the aORs for better performance by SES quartile in descending order were 1.24 (0.60–2.54), 0.76 (0.37–1.58), and 0.39 (0.18–0.86) for numeracy and 0.88 (0.41–1.85), 0.77 (0.35–1.66), and 0.32 (0.14–0.72) for literacy. No interactions were identified between SES and CKD stage, child age, or gender.

Conclusions
Across all CKD stages, children from lower SES families are less likely to perform well in literacy and numeracy than those from higher SES households.

Graphical abstract
A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information
One year of Hybrid Closed Loop on peritoneal dialysis: a case report
Authors: Rossi Antonio , Montefusco Laura , Pastore Ida , Lunati Maria Elena , Argenti Sabrina , Muratori Milena , Chebat Enrica , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo , Gallieni Maurizio , Fiorina Paolo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Automated insulin delivery is a game changer for type 1 diabetes treatment.

Objective
To describe the benefits of automated insulin delivery in a specific complex setting.

Methods
We are herein presenting a case of a patient with type 1 diabetes, in which Hybrid Closed Loop (Medtronic Minimed 670G on Auto Mode) was used over a year during automated peritoneal dialysis. The patient was previously on insulin therapy with sensor augmented pump and we switched him to Hybrid Closed Loop shortly before the begin of dialysis.

Results
Automated insulin delivery produced an increase of time in range (70-180 mg/dl) from 63% to 72%, after 3 months and to 74% after one year. Moreover, no hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia urgencies occurred overall during the year.

Conclusions
The case detailed here is the first report of Hybrid Closed Loop in a patient on automated peritoneal dialysis and it shows an improvement of time in range with a satisfying safety profile in a fragile, aged patient.
Antimicrobial activity of dalbavancin against Gram-positive bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized with bloodstream infection in United States and European medical centers (2018–2020)
Authors: Sader Helio S. , Castanheira Mariana , Huband Michael D. , Shortridge Dee , Carvalhaes Cecilia G. , Mendes Rodrigo M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDalbavancin and comparators were susceptibility tested against 8643 Gram-positive bacteria from 74 hospitals located in Europe and the United States by broth microdilution method. The most common organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (45.2%), Enterococcus faecalis (12.2%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (8.9%), but rank order varied markedly by geographic region. Dalbavancin demonstrated potent activity and broad spectrum, with MIC90 values of 0.03 mg/L for Staphylococcus aureus, β-haemolytic streptococci, and viridans group streptococci; 0.06 mg/L for Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis; and 0.12 mg/L for vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium. All organisms, except vancomycin-resistant enterococci and 1 Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolate, were inhibited at ≤ 0.25 mg/L of dalbavancin.
Leaving Home for Marital and Non-marital Reasons in the Netherlands, 1850–1940: The Impact of Parental Death and Parental Remarriage
Authors: Rosenbaum-Feldbrügge Matthias 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious research shows that parentally bereaved children in north-western Europe in the past left home earlier than children who lived together with both biological parents. This article analyses the mechanisms behind this phenomenon with a special focus on the routes out of the parental household and the entry of step-parents and step-siblings. The Historical Sample of the Netherlands is exploited which contains detailed information about household composition and life courses of more than 22,000 female and male adolescent and young adult children born between 1850 and 1922. Event-history analysis is applied, and two exclusive routes out of the parental household, for marital and non-marital reasons, are studied in a competing risk design. The results show that parental loss does not increase the risk of early marriage before age 23, but strongly enhances the chances for leaving home for non-marital reasons, which are mainly work-related. This is especially true in case of maternal loss. No support is found for the hypothesis that the entry of a step-parent and step-siblings increases the risk of leaving home compared to living with a single widowed parent. Tensions with step-parents therefore do not suffice to explain why parentally bereaved children left earlier for non-marital reasons. Instead, we argue that children’s exit was in the interest of both the single widowed parent and the bereaved child.
Evaluation of the accuracy of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis
Authors: Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelfattah , Askar Gamal A. , Farghaly Hekma S. , Ahmed Asmaa O. , Kamal Dalia T. , Ahmed Shorook S. , Mohamad Ismail L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Meningitis is one of the most dangerous infection affecting children. The need for rapid and accurate diagnosis is mandatory for improving the outcome.

Aim of the work
To evaluate the role of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosis of meningitis either bacterial or viral and to detect its accuracy.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in University Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, between November 2019 and September 2020. The study was approved by the Ethics Review Board of Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, and informed written consent was obtained. The committee’s reference number is 17200161. Clinicaltrails.gov ID: NCT03387969. Forty-eight children aged 2 to 18 years with meningitis were included. Detailed history and examination, blood glucose level at time of admission prior to lumbar puncture, and multiplex PCR in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were evaluated.

Results
The mean age of children was 3.27 ± 1.27 years. Thirty-five (72.9%) cases were bacterial meningitis while 13 (27.1%) cases were viral meningitis. Multiplex PCR had 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity for diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.

Conclusion
Multiplex PCR may help in diagnosis and differentiation of bacterial and viral meningitis with accurate and rapid results.

What is Known:• Rapid and accurate diagnosis is mandatory for successful treatment of meningitis.• Differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis is important to avoid unnecessary treatment..

What is New:• Multiplex PCR is an important marker for rapid detection of meningitis.• Multiplex PCR may be used to differentiate between bacterial and non-bacterial cause of meningitis.
Diverse perspectives from diverse scholars are vital for theoretical biology
Authors: Shaw Allison K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractScience is based on studying some aspects of the world while holding others constant. The assumptions of what can and cannot be ignored implicitly shape our understanding of the world around us. This truth is particularly evident when studying biology through mathematical models, where one must explicitly state assumptions during the process of model building. Although we often recognize that all models are “wrong” in their assumptions, we often overlook the corollary that developing multiple models that are wrong in different ways can help us triangulate truth in our understanding. Theoretical biologists build models in the image of how they envision the world, an image that is shaped by their scientific identity, experiences, and perspectives. A lack of diversity in any of these axes handicaps our ability to understand biological systems through theory. However, we can overcome this by collectively recognizing our own assumptions, by understanding how perspective shapes the development of theory, and — most importantly — by increasing the diversity of theoretical biologists (in terms of identity, experiences, and perspectives). Combined, this will lead to developing theory that provides a richer understanding of the biological world.