bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental disclosure and its determinants
Authors: Wahyuningrum I F S , Amal M I , Oktavilia S , Setyadharma A , Khafid M , Lina M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, companies are required to report not only about their economic performance but also about the social and environmental aspects of their operations. This is because social and environmental disclosures are seen as increasingly significant in terms of their influence on the survival of the company. The purpose of this study is to see how firm size, profitability, leverage, and managerial ownership affect environmental disclosure. The population of this study comprises non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2017 and 2020. Purposive sampling was used, yielding 160 units to be analysed. A documentation technique was used to collect the research data that were used. The data came from the IDX website as well as from the official websites of each company. Descriptive statistical analysis and regression testing using SPSS were used. The results show that profitability and leverage have a negative effect on environmental disclosure. A suggestion stemming from this research is that companies should increase their environmental disclosure in order to ensure the transparency and accountability of their information in the eyes of the public. Future research is expected to be able to use all financial ratios to assess the impact of financial performance on company environmental disclosures.
Rapid cultivation of aerobic granular sludge in laboratory scale sequencing batch reactor
Authors: Arifianingsih Nur Novilina , Ansari Andrianto , Wu Pei-Hsun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is known as excellent biological treatment for wastewater industry, high organic load wastewater and adsorption of heavy metal. AGS have some advantages such as higher density, higher biomass retention, simultaneous nutrient removal and higher tolerance to toxicity. The aim of this research is to use sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to cultivate AGS in the short time (28 days) in laboratory scale. Experimental condition that we use to cultivate AGS are based on this parameter: 1.5 hours of total cycle time, 50 % of exchange ratio, 3 hours of HRT and 3 l/min air flow rate. Even the AGS cultivation successfully achieve in 28 days with pH around 7-9, DO 3.6 mg/l, SVI 232.6 mg/l, and MLSS 500 mg/l, it is still need more time to generate more mature AGS to breakdown organic molecule in the wastewater.
Characteristics of Banana Leaves as Gaseous Biosorbent
Authors: Wahyudi Rahmatia Sarah , Huboyo Haryono Setiyo , Sutrisno Endro , Zaman Badrus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The quality of air is vital for our existence. Increasing industrial development and household activities will increase the risk of air pollution and environmental damage. Some air pollution in ambient air quality is very toxic and lethal. One method that can remove gaseous pollutants is adsorption. Previous study about banana plant as adsorbent of gaseous pollutant, banana leaves has the highest adsorption efficiency value of 76.52%. Purpose of this study to discuss characteristics and potential of banana leaves as gaseous adsorbent. This research was carried out by studying literature and testing the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of the banana leaf surface morphology. The structural properties of adsorbent were characterized, which exhibited the adsorbent’s porous surface or stomata. There are several studies of the SEM analysis results that explain stomata are able to trap air pollution. Banana leaves contain lignin, cellulose, and cuticle which have been found in several studies to be useful as gas adsorbents. Based on these studies, it can be concluded that banana leaves have potential as an adsorbent of gaseous pollutants.
Virtual Waste Community: Sustainable Living in Digital Era
Authors: Redyantanu B P , Yatmo Y A , Atmodiwirjo P 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Waste is a problem in our society and still depends on the conventional management system. This paper discusses the interrelationship among virtual social media, waste management practice, and community-based economics in supporting sustainability and zero waste in the digital era. In particular, it attempts to identify the potential connections of social media in extending new environmental practices. Observation of two types of Indonesian Instagram accounts (personal and group) of waste-related illustrates that social media can act as an alternative platform to respond to waste issues. Qualitative case studies demonstrate the relationship between virtual social media, waste, and creative economic potential in various communities in Indonesia. This analysis focuses on independent efforts, especially regarding their potential related to environmental and economic factors. The findings show that virtual platforms related to urban waste management play an important role in three aspects. The personal aspect is related to building a sustainable lifestyle through informational and awareness content, the economic aspect is related to generating alternative circular creative economic for environmental communities, and environmental practice focuses on forming an independent and participatory waste management mechanism. Such connection in the virtual platforms brings new green digital infrastructure possibilities supporting sustainability.
Managing Informal Economic Environment based on Daytime and Night-time Transition
Authors: Gunawan F , Yatmo Y A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Informal economy is one of the examples of life cycle attributes contributing to the overall sustainable environment. Pasar Lama Tangerang in Banten, Indonesia is known as a market with continuous economic cycle from morning until night-time with different economic actors. This study investigates the management of the environment from daytime to night-time as part of informal and night-time economy. The discussion of night-time economy is currently limited and has been addressed separately from daytime economy. We argue that investigating the transition and management from daytime to night-time and its consequences of a night-time market is a crucial strategy of managing future informal economy. The methodology of this study was conducted qualitatively by capturing the transition by night-photography on multiple visits and the observation was done by night-walking and informal interviews, while tracing of spatial changes was done by differentiation in visiting hours. The study finds that differentiation of economic hours and implementation of spatial layering and zoning of all the economic actors, formal and informal, from an existing environment would be useful as environmental management strategy.
Determination of peak hour and maximum daily factors on domestic usage patterns in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Syahputra B , Nafiah  , Poedjiastoeti H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Water use during peak hours and daily maximum are two interrelated terms in water usage patterns. Fluctuations in water use can be determined by planning standards, namely, estimates of peak hour and daily factors, so as to optimize air production and improve services. This study aims to calculate the maximum peak hour and daily factors. This research was carried out in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with a sampling technique carried out using a stratified proportional random sampling as many as 200 respondents. The results showed that the use of water at peak hours was 266.73 liters / day, which was in the morning between 06.00 and 08.00 am, while the maximum daily use of water is 774.09 litres/day which is on Sunday. The peak hour factor in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is 1.30 and the maximum daily factor is 1.26, when compared to the standard established by the Directorate General of Human Settlements, Ministry of Public Works, the peak hour factor is 1.5 while the daily maximum is 1.1. This means that the peak hour and maximum daily factors cannot be generalized in the Special Region of Yogyakarta.
Radio-frequency measurements of energetic-electron-driven emissions using high-frequency magnetic probe on XuanLong-50 spherical torus
Authors: WANG Mingyuan , LUN Xiuchun , BO Xiaokun , LIU Bing , LIU Adi , SHI Yuejiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A high-frequency magnetic probe is designed and developed on the XuanLong-50 (EXL-50) spherical torus to measure high-frequency magnetic field fluctuation. The magnetic loop, radio filters, radio-frequency limiter, and data acquisition system of the probe are comprehensively examined. The fluctuation data from the EXL-50 plasma are analyzed in the time–frequency domain using fast Fourier transforms. Moreover, distinct high-frequency instabilities are detected using this diagnostic system. In particular, significant frequency chirping is observed, which is consistent with the bump-on-tail drive instability predicted using the Berk–Breizman model.
Quadratic points on bielliptic modular curves
Authors: Najman Filip , Vukorepa Borna 
Published: November 2022

Bruin and Najman [LMS J. Comput. Math. 18 (2015), pp. 578–602], Ozman and Siksek [Math. Comp. 88 (2019), pp. 2461–2484], and Box [Math. Comp. 90 (2021), pp. 321–343] described all the quadratic points on the modular curves of genus

2
≤
g
(

X
0

(
n
)
)
≤
5

2\leq g(X_0(n)) \leq 5

. Since all the hyperelliptic curves

X
0

(
n
)

X_0(n)

are of genus

≤
5

\leq 5

and as a curve can have infinitely many quadratic points only if it is either of genus

≤
1

\leq 1

, hyperelliptic or bielliptic, the question of describing the quadratic points on the bielliptic modular curves

X
0

(
n
)

X_0(n)

naturally arises; this question has recently also been posed by Mazur.

We answer Mazur’s question completely and describe the quadratic points on all the bielliptic modular curves

X
0

(
n
)

X_0(n)

for which this has not been done already. The values of

n
n

that we deal with are

n
=
60

n=60

,

62
62

,

69
69

,

79
79

,

83
83

,

89
89

,

92
92

,

94
94

,

95
95

,

101
101

,

119
119

and

131
131

; the curves

X
0

(
n
)

X_0(n)

are of genus up to

11
11

. We find all the exceptional points on these curves and show that they all correspond to CM elliptic curves. The two main methods we use are Box’s relative symmetric Chabauty method and an application of a moduli description of

Q

\mathbb {Q}

-curves of degree

d
d

with an independent isogeny of degree

m
m

, which reduces the problem to finding the rational points on several quotients of modular curves.
Symbol length in Brauer groups of elliptic curves
Authors: Attanasio Mateo , Choi Caroline , Mandelshtam Andrei , Ure Charlotte 
Published: November 2022

Let

ℓ
\ell

be an odd prime, and let

K
K

be a field of characteristic not

2
2

,

3
3

, or

ℓ
\ell

containing a primitive

ℓ
\ell

-th root of unity. For an elliptic curve

E
E

over

K
K

, we consider the standard Galois representation
\[

ρ

E
,
ℓ

:
G
a
l
(

K
¯

/

K
)
→
G

L
2

(

F

ℓ

)
,

\rho _{E,\ell }: Gal(\overline {K}/K) \rightarrow GL_2(\mathbb {F}_{\ell }),

\]
and denote the fixed field of its kernel by

L
L

. Recently, the last author gave an algorithm to compute elements in the Brauer group explicitly, deducing an upper bound of

2
(
ℓ
+
1
)
(
ℓ
−
1
)

2(\ell +1)(\ell -1)

on the symbol length in

ℓ

B
r
(
E
)

/

ℓ

B
r
(
K
)

_{\ell }Br(E) / _{\ell }Br(K)

. More precisely, the symbol length is bounded above by

2
[
L
:
K
]

2[L:K]

. We improve this bound to

[
L
:
K
]
−
1

[L:K]-1

if

ℓ
∤
[
L
:
K
]

\ell \nmid [L:K]

. Under the additional assumption that

G
a
l
(
L

/

K
)

Gal(L/K)

contains an element of order

d
>
1

d > 1

, we further reduce it to

(
1
−

1
d

)
[
L
:
K
]

(1-\frac {1}{d})[L:K]

. In particular, these bounds hold for all elliptic curves with complex multiplication, in which case we deduce a general upper bound of

ℓ
+
1

\ell + 1

. We provide an algorithm implemented in SageMath to compute these symbols explicitly over number fields.
Transplantation and enrichment of busulfan-resistant primordial germ cells into adult testes for efficient production of germline chimeras in songbirds
Authors: Jung Kyung Min , Kim Young Min , Han Jae Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractZebra finch is a unique model for behavioral, neural, and genomic studies of vocal learning. Several transgenic zebra finches have been produced, although the germline transmission efficiencies are reportedly low. Recently, there have been attempts to produce germline chimeras using primordial germ cells (PGCs). However, this has been hampered by difficulties associated with the manipulation of the small eggs and the fact that the zebra finch is an altricial species that requires parental care after birth, unlike precocial chickens. Consequently, it is difficult to transplant PGCs into embryos and maintain the chimeras. Here, we developed a busulfan-mediated system for transplantation of PGCs into adult testes, to produce germline chimeras with an improved germline transmission capacity. We established microsomal glutathione-S-transferase II (MGSTII)-overexpressing PGCs that are resistant to busulfan, which induces germ cell-specific cytotoxicity, and transplanted them into testes rendered temporarily infertile by busulfan. The recipients were given a second dose of busulfan to deplete endogenous germ cells and enrich the transplanted cells, and donor cell-derived spermatogenesis was accomplished. This method requires fewer recipients due to higher survival rates, and there is no need to wait for maturation of the founders, which is required when transplanting PGCs into embryos. These results are expected to improve transgenic zebra finch production.
Moving the River: Rethinking Regulation in Social Work
Authors: Worsley Aidan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Social work regulation in England has experienced a considerable period of change in recent years. The profession’s latest regulator, Social Work England, faces similar challenges to sister professions—and to social work internationally—to improve and focus regulatory activity to better protect the public. In examining activity around poor performance and fitness to practice (FTP), the author explores the potential for shifting the emphasis of a regulatory gaze to practice before problems occur, rather than always dealing with the after-effects (known as ‘upstreaming’). A case is also made for developing ‘formative spaces’—where organisations might construct interventions to address professional performance before recourse to regulatory structures. To examine the readiness of organisational structures to take on this task, a series of qualitative, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with experienced practitioners. Thematic analysis of the data illustrates a range of current strategies for dealing with these issues. In conclusion, this article promotes the idea of shifting the balance of regulatory activity away from FTP areas to more positive, proactive endeavours that might better protect the public and help the profession manage the challenges faced by the complexity of contemporary practice.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with ANXA11 variants
Authors: Sung Wonjae , Nahm Minyeop , Lim Su Min , Noh Min-Young , Lee Sanggon , Hwang Sung-Min , Kim Yong Ho , Park Jinseok , Oh Ki-Wook , Ki Chang-Seok , Kim Young-Eun , Kim Seung Hyun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Increasing genetic evidence supports the hypothesis that variants in the annexin A11 gene (ANXA11) contribute to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathogenesis. Therefore, we studied the clinical aspects of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients carrying ANXA11 variants. We also implemented functional experiments to verify the pathogenicity of the hotspot variants associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia. Korean patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (n = 882) underwent genetic evaluations through next-generation sequencing, which identified 16 ANXA11 variants in 26 patients. We analysed their clinical features, such as the age of onset, progression rate, initial symptoms and cognitive status. To evaluate the functional significance of the ANXA11 variants in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia pathology, we additionally utilized patient fibroblasts carrying frontotemporal dementia-linked ANXA11 variants (p.P36R and p.D40G) to perform a series of in vitro studies, including calcium imaging, stress granule dynamics and protein translation. The frequency of the pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants of ANXA11 was 0.3% and the frequency of variants classified as variants of unknown significance was 2.6%. The patients with variants in the low-complexity domain presented unique clinical features, including late-onset, a high prevalence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia, a fast initial progression rate and a high tendency for bulbar-onset compared with patients carrying variants in the C-terminal repeated annexin homology domains. In addition, functional studies using amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia patient fibroblasts revealed that the ANXA11 variants p.P36R and p.D40G impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis, stress granule disassembly and protein translation. This study suggests that the clinical manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia spectrum patients with ANXA11 variants could be distinctively characterized depending upon the location of the variant.
Nonnutritive Sugars for Spotted-Wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Control Have Minimal Nontarget Effects on Honey Bee Larvae, a Pupal Parasitoid, and Yellow Jackets
Authors: Price Briana E , Breece Carolyn , Galindo Gracie , Greenhalgh Abigail , Sagili Ramesh , Choi Man-yeon , Lee Jana C 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrosophila suzukii Matsumura, spotted-wing drosophila, is a major pest of small fruits and cherries and often managed with conventional insecticides. Our previous work found that erythritol, a nonnutritive polyol, has insecticidal properties to D. suzukii. Two formulations of erythritol (1.5M), with 0.5M sucrose or 0.1M sucralose, are most effective at killing D. suzukii. In this study, we investigated the nontarget effects of these erythritol formulations on honey bee Apis mellifera Linnaeus larvae, a pupal parasitoid of D. suzukii, Pachycrepoideus vindemiae Rondani, and western yellow jacket, Vespula pensylvanica Saussure. We directly exposed honey bee larvae by adding a high dose (2 µl) to larval cells and found no significant mortality from either formulation compared to the water control. Pachycrepoideus vindemiae may encounter erythritol in field settings when host plants of D. suzukii are sprayed. The erythritol+sucralose formulation was more detrimental than erythritol+sucrose to P. vindemiae, however, this effect was greatly reduced within a 21-d period when a floral source was present. Since yellow jackets are a nuisance pest and were attracted to the erythritol formulations in recent field trials, we tested adult V. pensylvanica survival with continuous consumption of these formulations in the laboratory. We found no detectable detriment from either formulation, compared to the sucrose control. Overall, both erythritol formulations caused minimal nontarget effects on honey bee larvae, P. vindemiae parasitoids, and western yellow jackets.
Improving the Computer-Aided Estimation of Ulcerative Colitis Severity According to Mayo Endoscopic Score by Using Regression-Based Deep Learning
Authors: Polat, Gorkem , Kani Haluk Tarik , Ergenc Ilkay , Ozen Alahdab Yesim , Temizel Alptekin , Atug Ozlen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Assessment of endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) is important for treatment decisions and monitoring disease progress. However, substantial inter- and intraobserver variability in grading impairs the assessment. Our aim was to develop a computer-aided diagnosis system using deep learning to reduce subjectivity and improve the reliability of the assessment.

Methods
The cohort comprises 11 276 images from 564 patients who underwent colonoscopy for UC. We propose a regression-based deep learning approach for the endoscopic evaluation of UC according to the Mayo endoscopic score (MES). Five state-of-the-art convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures were used for the performance measurements and comparisons. Ten-fold cross-validation was used to train the models and objectively benchmark them. Model performances were assessed using quadratic weighted kappa and macro F1 scores for full Mayo score classification and kappa statistics and F1 score for remission classification.

Results
Five classification-based CNNs used in the study were in excellent agreement with the expert annotations for all Mayo subscores and remission classification according to the kappa statistics. When the proposed regression-based approach was used, (1) the performance of most of the models statistically significantly increased and (2) the same model trained on different cross-validation folds produced more robust results on the test set in terms of deviation between different folds.

Conclusions
Comprehensive experimental evaluations show that commonly used classification-based CNN architectures have successful performance in evaluating endoscopic disease activity of UC. Integration of domain knowledge into these architectures further increases performance and robustness, accelerating their translation into clinical use.
Antidefection laws in three small South Pacific parliaments: A cautionary tale
Authors: Morris Caroline 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Antidefection laws seek to punish political party members who depart in some way from their party of election during the legislative term. They have proven to be both popular and problematic in certain South Pacific legislatures in recent decades. This article analyzes the introduction and subsequent fate of these laws in the small jurisdictions of Fiji, Samoa, and the Cook Islands. It concludes that the size of the jurisdiction is a notable factor relevant to both the introduction of these laws and the courts’ response to them. In addition, it is argued that in small jurisdictions antidefection laws not only have a disproportionately negative impact on constitutional principles and political rights, but also have the potential to distort the particular political development and practice of the South Pacific polities where they operate.