bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Mechanism of Efficient Extracellular Expression of Toxic Streptomyces Phospholipase D in Brevibacillus Choshinensis Under Mg2+ Stress
Authors: Chen Shaofeng , xiong Weide , Zhao Xurui , Luo Weiyi , Yan Xuhui , Lu Yinghua , Chen Cuixue , Ling Xueping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPhospholipase D (PLD) has significant advantages in the food and medicine industries due to its unique transphosphatidylation. However, the high heterologous expression of PLD is limited by its cytotoxicity. The present study sought to express the strong extracellular protein of PLD in the non-pathogenic Brevibacillus choshinensis (B. choshinensis).ResultsThe extracellular PLD was effectively expressed by the strong promoter (P2) under Mg2+ stress, with the highest activity of 1.0×104 U·L-1. The inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) results elucidated that the fast expression of PLD by P2 promoter without Mg2+ stress induced the ionic homeostasis perturbation caused by the highly enhanced Ca2+ influx, leading to cell injury or death. Under Mg2+ stress, Ca2+ influx was significantly inhibited, and the strengths of P2 promoter and HWP gene expression were weakened. The study results revealed that the mechanism of Mg2+ induced cell growth protection and PLD expression might be related to the lowered strength of PLD expression by P2 promoter repression to meet with the secretion efficiency of B. choshinensis, and the redistribution of intracellular ions accompanied by decreased Ca2+ influx.ConclusionsThe PLD production was highly improved under Mg2+ stress. By ICP-MS and qPCR analysis combined with other results, the mechanism of the efficient extracellular PLD expression under Mg2+ stress was demonstrated. The relatively low-speed PLD expression during cell growth alleviated cell growth inhibition and profoundly improved PLD production. These results provided a potential approach for the large-scale production of extracellular PLD and novel insights into PLD function.
The Connectivity–Based Parcellation of The Angular Gyrus: Fiber Dissection And MR Tractography Study
Authors: Yakar Fatih , Çeltikçi Pınar , Doğruel Yücel , Egemen Emrah , Güngör Abuzer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The angular gyrus (AG) wraps the posterior end of the superior temporal sulcus (STS), so it is considered as a continuation of the superior/middle temporal gyrus and forms the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) with the supramarginal gyrus (SMG). The AG was functionally divided in the literature, but there is no fiber dissection study in this context. This study divided AG into superior (sAG) and inferior (iAG) parts by focusing on STS. Red blue silicone injected eight human cadaveric cerebrums were dissected via the Klingler method focusing on the AG. White matter (WM) tracts identified during dissection were then reconstructed on the Human Connectome Project 1065 individual template for validation. According to this study, superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) II and middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF) are associated with sAG; the anterior commissure (AC), optic radiation (OR) with iAG; the arcuate fasciculus (AF), inferior frontooccipital fasciculus (IFOF), and tapetum (Tp) with both parts. In cortical parcellation of AG based on STS, sAG and iAG were found to be associated with different fiber tracts. Although it has been shown in previous studies that there are functionally different subunits with AG parcellation, here, for the first time, different functions of the subunits have been revealed with cadaveric dissection and tractography images.
Visceral Obesity Determined by CT As a Predictor of Short-term Postoperative Complications in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Nie Xianglin , Zhang Lin , Meng Huangyang , Zhong Yi , Jiang Yi , Chen Ting , Cheng Wenjun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: To explore the association between visceral obesity and short-term postoperative complications in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery.Methods: Medical records were reviewed for patients with ovarian cancer. Visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area and total fat area were measured on a single slice at the level of L3/4 of a preoperative CT scan. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to investigate the correlation between visceral obesity and short-term complications and to analyze the risk factors for complications after surgery.Results: Of the 130 patients, 53.8% (70/130) were presented visceral obesity. Patients with visceral obesity were older than those with nonvisceral obesity (58.3 years old vs. 52.3 years old, p = 0.001). The proportion of patients with hypertension was slightly higher (37.1% vs. 11.7%, p = 0.001). The total fat area and subcutaneous fat area were higher in patients with visceral obesity (296.9 ± 72.1 vs. 173.1 ± 67.3, p < 0.001; 168.8 ± 55.5 vs. 121.6 ± 54.3, p < 0.001). Compared with patients in the nonvisceral obese group, patients in the visceral obese group were more likely to have postoperative fever (21/70 30.0% vs. 8/60 1.25%, p = 0.023), leading to a longer length of hospital stay (21 days vs. 17 days, p = 0.009). Time from surgery to adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with visceral obesity has been delayed (24 days vs. 20 days, p = 0.037). Multivariate analysis showed that visceral obesity (OR 4.770, p < 0.001) and operation time (OR 1.008, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of postoperative complications. Conclusion: Visceral obesity is an important risk factor for short-term postoperative complications in patients with advanced ovarian cancer undergoing cytoreductive surgery.
A Hybrid Technique for Active SLAM Based on RPPO Model with Transfer Learning
Authors: Wen Shuhuan , Ji Zhixin , Rad Ahmad B. , Guo Zhengzheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

The problem of exploration in unknown environments is still a great challenge for autonomous mobile robots due to the lack of a priori knowledge. Active Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is an effective method to realize obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation. Traditional Active SLAM is usually complex to model and difficult to adapt automatically to new operating areas. This paper presents a novel Active SLAM algorithm based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). The Relational Proximal Policy Optimization (RPPO) model with deep separable convolution and data batch processing is used to predict the action strategy and generate the action plan through the acquired environment RGB images, so as to realize the autonomous collision free exploration of the environment. Meanwhile, Gmapping is applied to locate and map the environment. Then, based on Transfer Learning, Active SLAM algorithm is applied to complex unknown environments with various dynamic and static obstacles. Finally, we present several experiments to demonstrate the advantages and feasibility of the proposed Active SLAM algorithm.
Identification of stressors and validation of a questionnaire survey to quantify the stress among Veterinary Students of India
Authors: Grakh Kushal , Jadhav Vijay Jayawant , Panwar Diksha , Khurana Rajesh , Bangar Yogesh Chanderkant , Pandita Sakshi , Yadav Dheeraj 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
As an intensive professional training program veterinary education presents high academic and non-academic stressors to students. Identifying the stressors responsible and measuring the stress among veterinary students can prove useful to design any coping strategies to safeguard the mental health of students.
Methods
With the aim to identify the stressors responsible, measure the level of stress, relation of stress with variables such as gender and family income 44 item based cross sectional questionnaire survey was designed and distributed among veterinary students of India.
Results
The questionnaire yielded high internal consistency. More than 95% students were found to be under stress. Maximum students reported high stress due to academic related stressors. Female students reported high overall stress, academic stress, and intrapersonal and interpersonal related stress than male students. Students with lower family incomes experienced more overall stress as well as family responsibilities related stress.
Conclusions
Gender, family income, academic stressors, intrapersonal, interpersonal and conflict related stressors, and social activities related stressors positively predicted the overall stress among the students and thus these factors can be given special emphasis while designing any stress combating or reducing measures for veterinary students of India.
Imidazolium-type anion exchange membranes for improved organic acid transport and permselectivity in electrodialysis
Authors: Jordan Matthew , Kulkarni Tanmay , Senadheera Dodangodage , Kumar Revati , Lin Yupo , Arges Christopher 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Most commercial anion exchange membranes (AEMs) deploy quaternary ammonium moieties. Alternative cation moieties have been explored in AEMs for fuel cells, but there are no studies focused examining alternative tethered cations in AEMs for ionic separations – such as organic acid anion transport via electrodialysis. H-cell and conductivity experiments demonstrate that tethered benzyl 1-methyl imidazolium groups in polysulfone AEMs enhance lactate conductivity by 49% and improved lactate anion flux by 24x when compared to a quaternary benzyl ammonium polysulfone AEM. An electrodialysis demonstration with the imidazolium-type AEM showed a 2x improvement in lactate anion flux and 20% improvement in permselectivity when benchmarked against the quaternary ammonium AEM. Molecular dynamics and 2D NOESY NMR revealed closer binding of lactate anions to the imidazolium cations when compared to the quaternary ammonium cation. It is posited that this closer binding is responsible to greater flux values observed with imidazolium-type AEM.
An Evaluation of Epidemic Intelligence Service Alumni in Public Health Leadership Roles
Authors: So Marvin , Winquist Andrea , Fisher Shelby , Eaton Danice , Carroll Dianna , Simone Patricia , Pevzner Eric , Arvelo Wences 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has administered the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) fellowship for over 50 years, with the goal of developing scientists and leaders in applied epidemiology. Our objective was to understand the extent to which CDC EIS alumni are present in select public health leadership roles.
Methods

We conducted an evaluation describing EIS alumni representation in five preselected leadership positions (CDC director [1953–2016]; CDC center director, state epidemiologist, Field Epidemiology Training Program [FETP] resident advisor, and Career Epidemiology Field Officer [CEFO] [2000–2016]). We developed a dataset using multiple sources to identify staff in selected positions. We then matched these data with an internal EIS alumni dataset.
Results

Selected positions were staffed by 353 persons, of which 185 (52%) were EIS alumni; 10 persons served in >1 leadership position, of which 6 were EIS alumni. Among 12 CDC directors, four (33%) were EIS alumni; collectively these alumni led CDC for approximately 25 years. EIS alumni accounted for 29 (58%) of 50 CDC center directors, 61 (35%) of 175 state epidemiologists, 27 (56%) of 48 Field Epidemiology Training Program resident advisors, and 70 (90%) of 78 Career Epidemiology Field Officers. Of 185 EIS alumni in leadership positions, 136 (74%) were physicians, 22 (12%) were scientists, 21 (11%) were veterinarians, 6 (3%) were nurses; 94 (51%) were assigned to a state or local health department. Among 61 EIS alumni who served as state epidemiologists, 40 (66%) were assigned to a state or local health department during EIS.
Conclusions

EIS alumni accounted for between approximately one-third (CDC directors and state epidemiologists) and 90% (CEFOs) of people serving in essential leadership positions at multiple levels.
Validation of Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQol) for the Iranian Population
Authors: Danaei Mina , Bahadorizadeh Leyla , Dehnad Afsaneh , Mohamadzadeh Shirin , Hashemi-Madani Nahid , Khamseh Mohammad E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Acromegaly is a chronic disease seriously impacting the patients' quality of life. This study aimed to validate the Acromegaly Quality of Life Questionnaire (AcroQoL) for the Persian-speaking population.
Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited 73 Iranian patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acromegaly. The content validity of the scales was evaluated by an expert panel of eight endocrinologists. Construct validity was assessed by using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency was assessed on the basis of Cronbach’s alpha, and a goodness-of-fit (GoF) index was calculated to display whether the model fitted the data.
Results
The content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) yielded values of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. The average variance extracted (AVE) from physical and psychological dimensions was 0.520 and 0.462, respectively, exceeding the minimum criterion of 0.40. Cronbach’s alpha for physical and psychological dimensions equaled 0.868 and 0.866, respectively, indicating the adequate internal consistency of multiple items for each construct. The subscales’ R square and path coefficient were greater than the recommended threshold (physical dimension: 0.778, psychological dimension: 0.873), demonstrating the suitability of this criterion. Finally, the GoF value of 0.29 indicated the model's moderate fit.
Conclusions
The findings revealed that the Persian version of AcroQoL is of adequate validity and reliability for evaluating the quality of life of Iranian people with acromegaly.
ABO Blood Group and RhD status Are Not Associated with Mortality and Morbidity in Critically Ill Patients; a Multicentre Observational Study of 29 512 Patients
Authors: Kander Thomas , Bjurström Martin F. , Frigyesi Attila , Jöud Magnus , Nilsson Caroline U. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between ABO blood groups and many types of disease. The present study primarily aimed to identify associations between ABO blood groups, RhD groups and mortality/morbidity outcomes in critically ill patients both in a main cohort and in six pre-defined subgroups. The secondary aim was to investigate any differences in transfusion requirement between the different ABO blood groups and RhD status.Methods. Adult patients admitted to any of the five intensive care units (ICUs) in Skåne, Sweden, between February 2007 and April 2021 were eligible for inclusion. The outcomes were mortality analysed at 28– and 90–days as well as at the end of observation and morbidity measured using days alive and free of (DAF) invasive ventilation (DAF ventilation) and DAF circulatory support, including vasopressors or inotropes (DAF circulation), maximum Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (SOFAmax) the first 28 days after admission and length of stay. All outcomes were analysed in separate multivariable regression models (adjusted for age and sex), generating odds or hazard ratios for each blood group and RhD status using blood group O and RhD negative as reference. Transfusion requirements were also investigated.Results. In total, 29 512 unique patients were included in the analyses. There were no significant differences for any of the outcomes between non-O blood groups and blood group O, or between RhD groups. In five pre-defined subgroups (sepsis, septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac arrest and trauma) there were no differences in mortality between non-O blood groups and blood group O or between the RhD groups. The Covid-19 cohort was not investigated given the low number of patients. Furthermore, we could not demonstrate any differences in the number of transfused patients between the ABO blood groups or between the RhD groups.Conclusions. ABO blood type and RhD status do not appear to influence mortality or morbidity in a general critically ill patient population. There were no differences in the number of transfused patients between the ABO blood groups or between the RhD status groups.
The effect of milling time on the alumina phase transformation in the AMCs powder metallurgy reinforced by silica-sand-tailings
Authors: Sukanto  , Suprapto Wahyono , Soenoko Rudy , Irawan Yudy Surya 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of milling time and sintering temperature parameters on the alumina transformation phase in the manufacture of Aluminium Matrix Composites (AMCs) reinforced by 20 % silica sand tailings using powder metallurgy technology. The matrix and fillers use waste to make the composites more efficient, clean the environment, and increase waste utilization. The milling time applied to the Mechanical Alloying (MA) process was 0.5, 6, 24, 48, and 96 hours, with a ball parameter ratio of 15:1 and a rotation of 93 rpm. Furthermore, hot compaction was carried out using a 100 MPa two-way hydraulic compression machine at a temperature of 300 °C for 20 minutes. The temperature variables of the sintering parameter process were 550, 600 to 650 °C, with a holding time of 10 minutes. Characterization of materials carried out included testing particle size, porosity, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), SEM-Image, and SEM-EDX. The particle measurement of mechanical alloying processed, using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) instrument and based on XRD data using the Scherrer equation, showed a relatively similar trend, decreasing particle size occurs when milling time was increased 0.5 to 24 hours. However, when the milling time increases to 48 and 96 hours, the particle size tends to increase slightly, due to cold-weld and agglomeration when the Mechanical Alloying is processed. The impact is the occurrence of the matrix and filler particle pairs in the cold-weld state. So, the results of XRD and SEM-EDX characterization showed a second phase transformation to form alumina compounds at a relatively low sintering temperature of 600 °C after the mechanical alloying process was carried out with a milling time on least 24 hours
The Effect of Curing Pressure on Shear Bond Strength of Zirconia to Resin Cement
Authors: Petkosit Pailin , Sanohkan Sasiwimol 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Nowadays, the esthetics demand is continuously increasing; therefore, metal-free materials are widely used, like a zirconia-based ceramic, which is conveniently fabricated via computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for restorations from single to full mouth rehabilitation.

Objective:
This study evaluated the effect of pre-curing pressure on the shear bond strength of zirconia to the resin cement.

Methods:
A total of sixty-three sandblasted cylindrical zirconia mounted in autopolymerizing resin were randomly assigned to three groups; Group 1: no treatment (control), Group 2: negative pressure, and Group 3: positive pressure to resin cement after resin cement application and resin composite columns bonded to zirconia. Thirty-three of the samples were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 hr before the shear bond strength test for thirty samples and three samples were cross-sectionally cut for interfacial observation with FESEM. Another thirty samples were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles in distilled water at 5°C to 55 °C before testing. The shear bond strength and failure mode were evaluated. Examination of the bonding interface was also done.

Results:
The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The means of shear bond strength of non-thermocycle of the control group were 8.01 ±1.74 MPa, 9.10 ±1.90 MPa, and 9.14 ±2.58 MPa, whereas that of thermocycle group were 5.71 ±0.84 MPa, 5.53 ±0.68 MPa, and 5.68 ±0.77 MPa in zero pressure group, negative pressure group, and positive pressure group, respectively. It showed no statistically significant differences in shear bond strength in all pressure groups (p > 0.05). The pre-curing pressure did not influence the shear bond strength of the zirconia and resin cement.

Conclusion:
There was no difference in the shear bond strength between the pressure groups and the no treatment control group. The positive and negative pressure did not influence the shear bond strength of the zirconia and resin cement.
Acute Effects of Foot Reflexology Massage on Arterial Pulse Wave Characteristics after Aerobic-based and Anaerobic-based Intermittent Exercises: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Chen Yung-Sheng , Pagaduan Jeffrey C , Lu Wan-An , Kuo Cheng-Deng 
Published: January 2022

Aims:This study used pretest-posttest randomized group comparison to investigate the acute effects of foot reflexology massage (FRM) intervention on the pulse harmonic and parasympathetic modulation after repeated sprint ability test (RSA) and Yo Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YOYO).Background:The arterial pulse wave characteristics (APW) is a physiological indicator of peripheral arterial compliance. Reflexology massage is a non-invasive intervention to improve arterial compliance. However, the acute effect of FRM on APW after intense exercise has not been examined.Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effect of FRM after short-term bouts of anaerobic-based and aerobic-based intermittent exercises.Methods:Twenty-six collegiate male football/futsal players voluntarily participated in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to FRM group (n= 14) or control group (n= 12). The participants performed RSA and YOYO exercise protocols at least 3 days apart within a week. The electrocardiography (ECG), and APW of right hand (RH), left hand (LH), and left foot (LF) were recorded for 10 min in supine position before and after interventional/control period. A standard of 30 min FRM was given immediately after exercises, whereas those of control group were requested to rest comfortably on a massage table for 30 min. Non-parametric statistical analyses (The Mann-Whitney rank and Wilcoxon signed rank test) were used to compare the measured variables.Results:The results showed different characteristics of sympathetic nervous system index after RSA and YOYO protocols in the FRM and control groups [FRM: RSA (p= 0.01); Control: YOYO (p< 0.01)]. The results also identified similar exercise-induced modulation of 1stand 2ndpulse harmonics in LF location with or without FRM treatment.Conclusion:The FRM intervention demonstrated minor impact on the recovery of APW and parasympathetic modulation after RSA and YOYO exercises.Clinical Trail Registration Number: NCT03821805