bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the state of Web-based communication for public health: a systematic review
Authors: Ceretti E , Covolo L , Cappellini F , Nanni A , Sorosina S , Taranto M , Gasparini A , Castro P De , Brusaferro S , Gelatti U 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Communicating strategically is a key issue for health organisations and, over the past decade, healthcare communication via social media and websites has generated a great deal of studies. As for systematic reviews, there is, however, fragmentary evidence on this type of communication. The aim of this research was to summarise the evidence on Web institutional health communication for public health authorities to evaluate aim-specific key points based on existing studies.

Methods
Guided by the PRISMA statement, we conducted a comprehensive review across two electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Science) from 2011 until 7 October 2021, searching for studies investigating institutional health communication. Two independent researchers reviewed the articles for inclusion, and assessment of methodological quality was based on the Kmet appraisal checklist.

Results
78 articles were selected. Most of the studies targeted health promotion/disease prevention (n = 35), followed by crisis communication (n = 24), general health (n = 13), and misinformation correction/health promotion (n = 6). Engagement and message framing were the most analysed aspects. Few studies focused on campaign effectiveness. Only 18 studies had an experimental design. Kmet evaluation was used to distinguish studies presenting a solid structure from lacking studies. In particular, considering the 0·75-point threshold, out of 74 studies, 28 were excluded (37·8% of the total). Studies above this threshold were used to identify a series of aim-specific and medium-specific suggestions, as communication strategies employed differ quite greatly.

Conclusions
Overall, findings suggest that no single strategy works best in the case of Web-based healthcare communication. The extreme variability of outcomes and the lack of a unitary measure for assessing the end-points of a specific campaign or study leads us to reconsider the tools we use to evaluate the efficacy of Web-based health communication.

Key messages
Disruptive e-prevention from 2019: dummy online drug selling sites to reach new consumers
Authors: Mau M , Bouchet-Mayer C , Bost S , Shelly M , Trauchessec D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The last three decades have seen the development of chemsex, the diversification of substances through New Psychoactive Substances (NPS), and new technologies allowing people to buy online and find peers to consume on applications while remaining in private spheres (Trend, Cadet-Taillou, 2020). The latter has made it more difficult to reach users, so as to document their uses and the population, and to design public health schemes aimed at users, except through targeting metapopulations known to consume more than the general population (Léobon et al., 2018; Talley et al., 2011).

Methods
The PlaySafe association designed two dummy websites, one selling GBL, the other NPS. These websites use the same graphics and syntactic codes as the main websites of the field, except for: 1) a fake drug named “love machine”; 2) an automatic redirection to a health promotion page instead of payment finalization. The information collected is: delivery region, birth year, gender, perceived usefulness of the health promotion messages, whether people would recommend to friends, the contents and quantities of the shopping cart, the time spent on each page, and data gathered via Google Analytics.

Results
On both websites 21,459 order attempts have been placed. This pathfinder research project has allowed to reach 6,203 people on the GBL website in 30 months and 7,927 people in 12 months on the NPS website, with people spending on average 1 min 35 s on the first website's prevention page and 1 min 27 s on the second. Around 85% of people consider the content useful, among whom 75% would recommend the website to friends. This communication also aims to present the characteristics of the reached population.

Conclusions
This innovative approach has allowed to precisely target a population escaping public health research and prevention schemes. It appears interesting to explore online prevention, especially since most of the respondents consider the experience helpful and recommendable.

Key messages
Climate-sensitive health counselling: a quantitative survey on addressing climate change
Authors: Krippl N , Mezger NCS , Fischer H , Schildmann J , Mikolajczyk R , Danquah I , Kantelhardt EJ , Herrmann A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Climate change and its mitigation have significant health implications. Hence, medical associations call on physicians to inform the population about health risks of climate change and possible health co-benefits of climate action. However, so far it is unclear what preferences the general public has about climate-sensitive health counselling (CSHC). Therefore, we developed a survey tool to a) characterize experiences of CSHC, b) identify preferences about communication methods and themes, and c) determine associations of socioeconomic characteristics and climate change attitudes with CSHC preferences.

Methods
The tool development for this cross-sectional online-based survey was embedded in a bigger research project on the conceptualization of CSHC, which follows an exploratory mixed-methods design. Results of preceding qualitative interviews about CSHC were integrated into the tool development. After two pilot tests, the tool was administered from April to June 2022 through the population-based HeReCa panel (Health Related Beliefs and Health Care Experiences in Germany), comprising 3200 participants from 5 federal states. Sociodemographic data is available for all participants.

Results
The final tool entails 46 items, sorted into 7 sections. Two sections serve as dependent variables for the association analysis: 13 items about the acceptability of different communicative approaches of CSHC and 18 items on preferences for themes in CSHC. Three sections serve as independent variables for the analysis: attitudes on climate change, level of engagement, and sociodemographic data. Two sections assess experiences with CSHC and preferred information channels to serve as descriptive results.

Conclusions
A rigorous methodology proved helpful for survey development within a mixed methods study. In triangulation with qualitative data, results of the survey will help physicians to deliver CSHC tailored to the preferences of different sociodemographic groups.

Key messages
CO2 production in waste management during the COVID pandemic in an Italian hospital
Authors: Di Russo M , Alizadeh A Heidar , Santoli G , Castagna C , Nurchis M , Rosano A , Cadeddu C 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Personal protection equipment (PPE) use in hospitals has consistently increased due to the Sars-Cov-2 outbreak, in wards repurposed for Covid-19 patients and wards that kept their usual activity. This increase influenced an environmental emergency in terms of health waste (HW) disposal. This study aims to assess the economic and environmental impact of the increase in HW generated before and during the pandemic in an Italian Hospital.

Methods
Data from 2016 to 2019 and 2020 to 2021 was retrieved from Risk Management department. Per capita and per days-of-stay waste quantity were calculated for the hospital inpatient wards and medical service areas (anatomical pathology, laboratories, radiology, nuclear medicine). Linear regression models assessed the epidemiological impact of COVID, and LOESS analysis modeled the relationship between infectious HW generation and the percentage of COVID-related inpatient days. Average weight of HW per patient was used to estimate the monetary value of CO2 produced.

Results
Preliminary results show that the inpatient days related to COVID nonlinearly influenced the infectious HW generated by wards. PPE usage increased in every context, and the proportion of COVID-related bed-days ranged from 2% to 12% in low-incidence months to 17% to 31% during acute phases. Pre-COVID CO2 production weighted 487 kg per patient and cost 1705€ per-capita, whereas during the pandemic it amounted to 768 kg per patient and cost 2688€ per capita which resulted in a significant increase of 983€ per patient.

Conclusions
In light of the results, HW disposal is an urgent issue that should be addressed by policy makers when implementing new monitoring systems for hospitals. A more adequate disposal of HW could substantially contribute in reducing air pollution and concurrently reduce the economic impact health systems due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Key messages
Untangling the influence of depression on clinical risks: role of leukocytes and somatic symptoms
Authors: Gialluisi A , Bracone F , Costanzo S , Di Castelnuovo A , Orlandi S , Curtis A De , Cerletti C , Donati MB , Gaetano G de , Iacoviello L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Depression has been associated with increased hospitalization and mortality risk, especially for cardiovascular causes. We previously found a composite circulating inflammation score (INFLA-score) to explain part of this link, although the role of its component and of depressive symptoms domains in this relationship is unexplored.

Methods
In an Italian population cohort (N = 13,191; age≥35 years; 51.7 % women; 4,856 hospitalizations and 471 deaths, median follow-up 7.28/8.24 years), we estimated the proportion of association explained by C-reactive protein levels (CRP), platelet count, granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) and white blood cell counts (WBC), in multivariable Cox regressions modelling first hospitalization/mortality for all and cardiovascular (CVD), ischemic heart (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) causes vs depression severity based on an alternative validated version of PHQ-9. We also estimated the proportion of association explained by INFLA-score in the associations of polychoric factors tagging somatic and cognitive depressive symptoms with clinical risks.

Results
In models adjusted for age, sex and education, significant proportions of the positive influence of depression on clinical risks were explained by CRP (4.8% on IHD hospitalizations), GLR (11% on all-cause mortality) and WBC (24% on IHD/CeVD hospitalizations). Stable associations of somatic but not of cognitive depressive symptoms were observed with increased hospitalization risk (+16% for all causes, +14% for CVD causes), with INFLA-score again explaining small but significant proportions of these associations (2.5% for all causes, 8.6% for IHD causes).

Conclusions
These findings suggest a prominent explanatory role of leukocytes in the link between depression and clinical (especially CVD) risks, and highlight the importance of inflammation in the influence of somatic depressive symptoms. Therefore, acting on these factors may reduce clinical risks associated with depression.

Key messages
Associations between early life transitions and depressed mood over time: A 27-year study
Authors: Jørgensen M , Smith ORF , Wold B , Haug E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Few studies have looked at how life transitions influence depressed mood from adolescence to adulthood and if parental socioeconomic status (SES) moderates these effects.

Study questions

Methods
We used latent growth modelling to analyze depressed mood in a Norwegian sample (n = 1257) surveyed at age 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 30 and 40 (1990-2017). The effects of life transitions were modelled as time-varying predictors. At age 30 and 40, attaining employment and beginning cohabitation were used as covariates while parenthood was controlled for from age 19. Time-invariant covariates were gender and SES.

Results
Depressed mood peaked at age 15 and 18, but decreased over time - following a polynomic curve with a linear (B = -.38, 95% CI = [-.49, -.28], p &lt; .001) and quadratic slope (B = .05, 95% CI = [.013, .086], p &lt; .001). Leaving the parental home (B = -.166, 95% CI = [-.250, -.083], p &lt; .001) and beginning cohabitation (B = -.130, 95% CI = [-.231, -.029], p &lt; .05) led to decreases in depressed mood regardless of age of transition. Higher SES was associated with lower depressed mood at intercept compared to mid-SES (B = -.106, 95% CI = [-.295, -.030], p &lt; .05) and low SES (B = -.202, 95% CI = [-.343, -.062], p &lt; .05). Girls also reported a higher intercept level of depressed mood (B = .274, 95% CI = [.165, .383], p &lt; .001). Life transitions were not moderated by SES.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that leaving the parental home and beginning cohabitation were associated with depressed mood, and SES showed no moderation. Public health initiatives should therefore pay attention to life transitions when aiming to lessen depressive symptoms from adolescent years to adulthood.

Key messages
Assessment of the impact of the Belgian and French food industry on obesity and population nutrition
Authors: Van Dam I , Allais O , Vandevijvere S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Major food industry players make commitments to improve food environments, but it remains unclear how well these commitments translate into practice. This study set out to quantitatively assess the nutrition-related commitments and practices, as well as the correlation between both, of major food companies in Belgium and France. The ‘Business Impact Assessment’ (BIA-Obesity) was applied to evaluate nutrition-related commitments and practices regarding product formulation, labelling, promotion and accessibility. Publicly available commitments were collected and companies given the opportunity to complete the information (2019-2020). Practices were evaluated applying following performance metrics: the proportion of products with Nutri-Score A or B, the percentage of products not-permitted to be marketed to children (World Health Organisation) and the proportion of ultra-processed food products (NOVA). Correlations between commitments and practices were calculated applying the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Overall BIA-Obesity scores for commitments were lower in France (median: 28%) than in Belgium (35%). Response rates in France (39%) were lower than in Belgium (56%). Median product portfolios in France contained less ultra-processed products (63%) and contained a higher proportion of products with a Nutri-Score A or B (38%) compared to Belgium (75% and 29%, respectively). In both countries a similar proportion of products was not-permitted to be marketed to children (81% in Belgium and 84% in France). Stronger company commitments did not translate into better performance metrics. Belgian food companies obtained a higher score for their nutrition-related commitments. French companies performed slightly better according to the performance metrics. In both countries there was ample room to improve commitments and practices. To improve food environments it is crucial to ensure that commitments are strengthened and translate into improved company practices.

Key messages
An exploratory study of the level of folic acid in food staples in Ireland in 2021
Authors: McMenemy D , Sweeney MR 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Ireland previously had widespread voluntary fortification but there has been a major decline in the number of food staples fortified with folic acid in Irish supermarkets in the past 15 years. In this research we set out to examine the level of folic acid in food staples in supermarkets with the leading market share in the Republic of Ireland.

Methods
The food labels of food staples (breads, spreads, milk, cereals, cereal bars, yoghurt/yoghurt drinks) were photographed in supermarkets with the leading market share in the Republic of Ireland (Tesco's, Dunnes, SuperValu, Lidl, Aldi, and M&S) between 2017 and 2021.The data was extracted and collated in an excel spreadsheet. The data was analysed to examine the level of folic acid in each product. We compared the levels captured at the current times with the levels previously captured in 2017.

Results
Preliminary analysis suggests that folic acid level in food staples in Ireland continues to decline. Folic acid was not found in any breads (except a number of gluten free breads), milks, spreads but was found in several cereals marketed mainly at children.

Conclusions
This study reports on the declining levels of folic acid in the food chain in Ireland. The number of food staples fortified with folic acid continues to decline demonstrating that voluntary fortification in Ireland is no longer an effective measure for passively augmenting the folic acid levels of consumers. This is of concern due to the incidence of neural tube defects in Ireland largely preventable by folic acid.

Key messages
Assessment of maternal dietary patterns and their relationship with c-reactive protein in pregnancy
Authors: van der Pligt P , McNaughton SJ , Kuswara K , Abbott G , Islam S , Ebrahimi S , Ellery S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Inflammation during pregnancy including elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Understanding relationships between CRP and modifiable factors such as dietary patterns is key to identifying opportunities for pregnancy intervention. This study assessed change in adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean diet (MED-diet) from early to late-pregnancy and the relationship between adherence to both dietary patterns at early-pregnancy with plasma CRP at early and late-pregnancy.

Methods
Women (n = 215) attending antenatal clinics at Monash Health, Melbourne were recruited at 10-20 weeks gestation. Medical history and blood samples were collected at 5 antenatal visits. Adapted DASH and MED-diet scores were calculated from Food Frequency Questionnaires completed at early ([mean±SD] 15±3 weeks) and late (36±1 week) pregnancy. CRP was measured in maternal plasma samples collected at early and late-pregnancy. Adjusted linear regression assessed associations of early-pregnancy DASH and MED-diet scores with early and late-pregnancy plasma CRP.

Results
DASH score at early (23.5±4.8) and late (23.5±5.2) pregnancy was not significantly different (p = 0.971). There was no statistically significant change in MED-diet score from early (3.99±1.6) to late-pregnancy (4.08±1.8) (p = 0.408), however, MED-diet adherence and plasma CRP at early pregnancy were significantly and inversely associated (β= -0.14 [95%CI= -0.27, -0.01], p = 0.039).

Conclusions
Adherence to the MED-diet in early pregnancy may be beneficial in reducing inflammatory markers and assisting optimal pregnancy outcomes. Assessment of dietary patterns is important to assist identifying modifiable factors which impact maternal and child health.

Key messages
Quality of life and social contacts in old age
Authors: Loeffler K , Weidinger L , Bohnstingl M , Pammer C , Goldgruber J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Changes in lifestyle, housing and social relationships have a verifiable impact on aging. Older adults of today have different ideas about housing and residential mobility than previous generations. Consequently, the importance of innovative types of housing for senior citizens, which allow largely independent housekeeping and provide integration into preexisting social structures, is increasingly in the focus of public health debates.

Methods
Face-to-face interviews with 32 tenants of Wohnoase Robert Stolz in Graz were conducted between July 2018 and December 2020. The subjects were interviewed twice (T1: at move-in, T2: 6-12 months after moving-in). WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-Old were used to assess health-related quality of life. Furthermore, the ego-centered social network map and a questionnaire to assess subjective sense of safety at home were applied.

Results
Tenants’ health-related quality of life improved by an average of 11% after 6-12 months in the area of environmental conditions for health promotion ((T1: 3.83; T2: 4.25). Residential satisfaction (T1: 3.44; T2: 4.3; +25%) as well as subjective feeling of safety in their own homes (T1: 4.19; T2: 4.81; +14.8%) rose significantly. Tenants on average had about 6 more social contacts than before moving in (52.2%). In contrast, no significant changes were evident in tenants’ self-assessment of their physical, mental, and social health.

Conclusions
Results indicate that moving into assisted living can lead to psychosocial stabilization and an increased sense of security. Over time, deteriorations in physical health can be observed, which can most likely be attributed to advanced ageing. Conducting an evaluation study with a higher number of participants and a control group is recommended.

Key messages
Caregiver burden in professionals working in different settings for persons with dementia
Authors: Katreniakova Z , Nemcikova M , Nagyova I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Professionals caring for persons with dementia (PwD) have to meet demands from various sides. Considering today's high standards put on institutional care with respect to “person centred care” and the skills related to specific needs of PwD, caring for care staff is one of the major challenges.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the caregiver burden in professional dementia care and its work related differences.

Methods
The study was carried out from September 2021 to February 2022 among 105 professionals working in different settings for PwD in Slovakia including home care and day care centres. The Professional Care Team Burden scale (PCTB) and the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12) were chosen to measure caregiver burden. Length of work in the organisation (&lt; 3, 3 to 6, &gt; 6 years), job position (domiciliary and other care worker), and current dementia care intensity (≤ 8, 9 to 39, &gt; 40 hours/week) were also measured. Independent samples T-tests and ANOVA were used to analyse the differences (IBM SPSS 27).

Results
87.6% of professionals were women (mean age 48.6±9.8 years). 52.5% worked more than 6 years in the organisation, 53.3% were in the job position of domiciliary care workers, and for 52.1% the current dementia care intensity was 9 to 39 hours/week. Caregiver burden mean scores achieved were 26.7±4.0 (PCTB) and 9.7±6.2 (ZBI-12). The significant difference was found in the PCTB by job position with the higher burden in domiciliary care workers (mean score 26.0 + 4.2, p &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the PCTB and the ZBI-12 by the length of work in the organisation and current dementia care intensity.

Conclusions
Specific scales for assessing professionals’ caregiver burden are useful to uncover areas for intervention. Structuring the interventions by taking the care staff subjective feelings of burden into account is important for future improvements in institutional care. (Grant support: VEGA no. 1/0372/20).

Key messages