bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La déchéance de la puissance paternelle
Authors: Hanquet Huberte 
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTIONLa Loi sur la protection de l’enfance du 15 mai 1912 a fait l’objet de nombreuses études : les Annales parlementaires nous exposent sa nécessité ainsi que les arguments qui justifient l’intervention des tribunaux dans la famille; elles indiquent aussi les tendances nouvelles qui ont inspiré le texte. De nombreuses études juridiques l’ont commentée. Toutefois, ces études se bornent à des exposés généraux ou à des considérations d’ordre moral ou strictement juridique.Dans cet essai, nous avons seulement envisagé le chapitre premier de cette loi traitant de la déchéance de la puissance paternelle, en nous bornant cependant aux cas de déchéance facultative. Nous avons voulu connaître comment en fait la loi était appliquée, c’est-à-dire relever les éléments de fait qui conditionnent l’intervention de la justice, connaître les personnes déchues de la puissance paternelle en les situant dans leur milieu local, leurs conditions sociales, leurs relations familiales et professionnelles.Considérer cette loi en fonction du milieu social dans lequel elle est appliquée, nous montre la différence entre sa portée théorique et son application pratique. Théoriquement la Loi prévoit une application suffisamment large pour assurer une protection efficace de l’enfance. En fait, elle n’est appliquée que dans une couche bien caractéristique de la population. Cette constatation nous amène à en étudier les particularitésDans les dossiers d’affaires jugées, nous avons relevé à cette fin les conditions de vie et les caractéristiques externes manifestées par le milieu étudié. Nous n’apprécierons pas leur action plus ou moins déterminante sur le comportement individuel, ni les mobiles psychologiques qui sont à la base de ce comportement. L’interaction de l’individu et du cadre social est un fait. Notre analyse n’en vise que les éléments extérieurs, facilement perceptibles, contrôlables et par là même objectifs.
La conjoncture économique de la Belgique
Authors: Dupriez Léon-H. 
Published: August 2022

La tension de conjoncture qui se manifeste depuis un an s'est exacerbée au cours des derniers mois; elle se développe d'une manière caractérisée dans un nombre de plus en plus grand de domaines.Cette évolution se traduit, sur le plan mondial, tant dans les faits monétaires que dans les faits « reels », oú les difficultés s'avèrent les plus graves. En Belgique, l'indisponibilité de facteurs de production nouveaux crée les embarras les plus grands dans le domaine de la production et, partant, dans les prix; par contre, les marchés monétaires et financiers ont réagi singulièrement peu à la conjoncture générale.
Les prix et les rendements de l'agriculture belge de 1791 à 1935
Authors: Peeters Marcel 
Published: August 2022

A côté des études approfondies publiées dans ce bulletin par A. Wibail (1) sur l'évolution économique de la sidérurgie et des charbonnages beiges depuis 1830, il était indiqué, arm d'avoir une idée claire sur les mouvements de fond de l'économie beige, d'analyser l'évolution de notre industrie agricole, industrie de base et facteur essentiel de l'activité économique de notre pays.Ce travail paraissait d'autant plus utile que, jusqu'à ces derniers temps, l'on s'est presque toujours inspiré, dans l'étude des prix, de l'indice anglais de Sauerbeck. Or, cet indice est établi d'après les prix de gros des matières premières, des produits finis et demi-finis faits sur le marché de Londres, c'est-à-dire surtout de marchandises du commerce international. L'agriculture cependant donne lieu à une masse énorme de transactions, qui représentent un pourcentage du commerce total d'autant plus grand que l'on remonte plus haut vers les premières années de la période étudiée. Un indice négligeant l'importance des denrées agricoles nationales permet donc difficilement une étude approfondie du mouvement général des prix. Il est évidemment utile d'étudier les prix des produits groupés par catégorie et de les suivre dans leur évolution.
La conjoncture économique de la Belgique et du Luxembourg
Authors: Dupriez Léon H. 
Published: August 2022

Il y a trois mois, nous concluions notre chronique trimestrielle par le jugement suivant : « On peut considérer, grâce à la concordance des divers éléments d’appréciation, que nous sommes entrés depuis quelque temps dans le stade de la dépression proprement dite. Il est prématuré de parler d’une vraie reprise, qui ne s’opérera d’ailleurs que lentement et par à-coups et dont les premiers stades se distingueront à peine de l’état de dépression. »Une observation portant sur quelques mois de plus a permis de vérifier ce diagnostic, d’en préciser certaines modalités, de mieux déterminer les conséquences de l’évolution qui s’est faite au cours de l’année 1932. Abordant également le problème sur le plan plus étroit des événements des tous derniers mois, nous devrons chercher les raisons et les caractères de l’état languissant des marchés dans un passé très récent, voir en quoi cette conjoncture toute actuelle peut se différencier des événements de la période précédente.
La Bourse et les Banques en 1931
Authors: Eyskens Gaston 
Published: August 2022

L’ année 1931 a été extrêmement défavorable pour l’ensemble des valeurs mobilières. La conjoncture générale a exercé une influence déprimante sur les cotations boursières qui se sont montrées aussi sensibles aux phénomènes économiques proprement dits qu’aux inquiétudes et incertitudes perceptibles dans la situation politique internationale.Il faut bien dire cependant que l’année avait débuté dans des conditions assurément mauvaises, mais qui ne semblaient pas devoir durer. Aux mois de février et de mars l’on vit percer une lueur d’espoir interprétée alors comme le présage de temps meilleurs. En fait, des pointes de reprise se sont présentées au printemps dans une série de cotations et la liquidation de la crise semblait de toute façon suffisamment avancée au début de l’été, pour faire croire que le fond de la dépression était atteint et ne serait pas dépassé.
Le mouvement des chèques postaux envisagé comme indice du mouvement général des affaires
Authors: de la Vallée Poussin Étienne 
Published: August 2022

L’Institut des Sciences Économiques a étudié l’an dernier le mouvement des chambres de compensation en Belgique dans l’espoir d’y trouver un indice intéressant du mouvement des affaires (I) Cet espoir était fondé sur les observations faites aux États-Unis. Les instituts de conjoncture américains ont, en effet, constaté que le mouvement des compensations entre banques était particulièrement sensible aux influences de la conjoncture économique et ils ont estimé qu’à la condition d’éliminer les compensations à New-York et dans d’autres grandes villes où elles sont dominées par des mouvements spéculatifs, on peut les ranger, comme les prix de gros, parmi les indices les plus significatifs du mouvement des affaires.En Belgique, au contraire, l’étude du mouvement des chambres de compensation n’a pas abouti à des résultats concluants. Soit qu’on ait tenu compte du nombre des pièces ou du montant des sommes compensées, soit qu’on ait étudié les compensations dans l’ensemble de la Belgique ou à Bruxelles ou seulement hors Bruxelles, les courbes ne se sont pas révélées très caractéristiques, tout en correspondant dans l’ensemble à l’évolution générale.
High‐Pressure and High‐Temperature Single‐Crystal Elasticity of Cr‐Pyrope: Implications for the Density and Seismic Velocity of Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle
Authors: Xu Jingui , Fan Dawei , Li Bo , Tkachev Sergey N. , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Zhang Dongzhou , Yang Guangzhong , Zhou Yi , Zhou Wenge 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSingle‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and Brillouin spectroscopy experiments were performed on a natural Cr‐pyrope (Prp71.0Alm12.6Sps0.7Grs3.5Uvr12.2) at high pressure and high temperature up to 11.0 GPa and 800 K. Fitting the collected data to the third‐order finite strain equation yields bulk modulus (KS0), shear modulus (G0), their pressure ((∂KS/∂P)T and (∂G/∂P)T) and temperature ((∂KS/∂T)P and (∂G/∂T)P) derivatives, KS0 = 167.7(8) GPa, G0 = 91.5(5) GPa, (∂KS/∂P)T = 4.3(1), (∂G/∂P)T = 1.4(1), (∂KS/∂T)P = −0.0175(1) GPa/K and (∂G/∂T)P = −0.0073(1) GPa/K. Using the obtained results, we examined whether the elastic properties of the Cr‐pyrope can be accurately calculated from those of endmembers including pyrope, almandine, grossular, and uvarovite assuming a linear relationship between elastic properties and composition (end‐member model). The results indicate that the end‐member model provides a sufficient approximation for the elastic properties of Cr‐pyrope in calculating the density and velocity of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). We modeled the densities and velocities of three typical types of SCLM (Archon, Proton, and Tecton) in order to investigate how the variation of chemical composition influences the SCLM. We obtained that the compositional change from the Archon to the Tecton increases the density of the SCLM significantly, which can be an important prerequisite for SCLM delamination. However, the compositional variation only slightly changes the velocity of the SCLM and the change is within the uncertainty of the calculation. Moreover, in comparison to the velocity, ρ/VP and ρ/VS are much more sensitive to the compositional change of the SCLM.
Core outcome set for early intervention trials to prevent obesity in childhood (COS-EPOCH): Agreement on “what” to measure
Authors: Brown Vicki , Moodie Marj , Sultana Marufa , Hunter Kylie E. , Byrne Rebecca , Seidler Anna Lene , Golley Rebecca , Taylor Rachael W. , Hesketh Kylie D. , Matvienko-Sikar Karen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Heterogeneity in the outcomes collected and reported in trials of interventions to prevent obesity in the first five years of life highlights the need for a core outcome set to streamline intervention evaluation and synthesis of effects. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set for use in early childhood obesity prevention intervention studies in children from birth to five years of age (COS-EPOCH).

Methods
The development of the core outcome set followed published guidelines and consisted of three stages: (1) systematic scoping review of outcomes collected and reported in early childhood obesity prevention trials; (2) e-Delphi study with stakeholders to prioritise outcomes; (3) meeting with stakeholders to reach consensus on outcomes. Stakeholders included parents/caregivers of children aged ≤ five years, policy-makers/funders, researchers, health professionals, and community and organisational stakeholders interested in obesity prevention interventions.

Results
Twenty-two outcomes from nine outcome domains (anthropometry, dietary intake, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, sleep, outcomes in parents/caregivers, environmental, emotional/cognitive functioning, economics) were included in the core outcome set: infant tummy time; child diet quality, dietary intake, fruit and vegetable intake, non-core food intake, non-core beverage intake, meal patterns, weight-based anthropometry, screentime, time spent sedentary, physical activity, sleep duration, wellbeing; parent/caregiver physical activity, sleep and nutrition parenting practices; food environment, sedentary behaviour or physical activity home environment, family meal environment, early childhood education and care environment, household food security; economic evaluation.

Conclusions
The systematic stakeholder-informed study identified the minimum outcomes recommended for collection and reporting in early childhood obesity prevention trials. Future work will investigate the recommended instruments to measure each of these outcomes. The core outcome set will standardise guidance on the measurement and reporting of outcomes from early childhood obesity prevention interventions, to better facilitate evidence comparison and synthesis, and maximise the value of data collected across studies.
Functional connectivity in reward circuitry and symptoms of anhedonia as therapeutic targets in depression with high inflammation: evidence from a dopamine challenge study
Authors: Bekhbat Mandakh , Li Zhihao , Mehta Namrataa D. , Treadway Michael T. , Lucido Michael J. , Woolwine Bobbi J. , Haroon Ebrahim , Miller Andrew H. , Felger Jennifer C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreased inflammation in major depressive disorder (MDD) has been associated with low functional connectivity (FC) in corticostriatal reward circuits and symptoms of anhedonia, relationships which may involve the impact of inflammation on synthesis and release of dopamine. To test this hypothesis while establishing a platform to examine target engagement of potential therapies in patients with increased inflammation, medically stable unmedicated adult MDD outpatients enrolled to have a range of inflammation (as indexed by plasma C-reactive protein [CRP] levels) were studied at two visits involving acute challenge with the dopamine precursor levodopa (L-DOPA; 250 mg) and placebo (double-blind, randomized order ~1-week apart). The primary outcome of resting-state (rs)FC in a classic ventral striatum to ventromedial prefrontal cortex reward circuit was calculated using a targeted, a priori approach. Data available both pre- and post-challenge (n = 31/40) established stability of rsFC across visits and determined CRP > 2 mg/L as a cut-point for patients exhibiting positive FC responses (post minus pre) to L-DOPA versus placebo (p < 0.01). Higher post-L-DOPA FC in patients with CRP > 2 mg/L was confirmed in all patients (n = 40) where rsFC data were available post-challenge (B = 0.15, p = 0.006), and in those with task-based (tb)FC during reward anticipation (B = 0.15, p = 0.013). While effort-based motivation outside the scanner positively correlated with rsFC independent of treatment or CRP, change in anhedonia scores negatively correlated with rsFC after L-DOPA only in patients with CRP > 2 mg/L (r = -0.56, p = 0.012). FC in reward circuitry should be further validated in larger samples as a biomarker of target engagement for potential treatments including dopaminergic agents in MDD patients with increased inflammation.
Long noncoding RNA CERS6-AS1 modulates glucose metabolism and tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting the MDM2/p53 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Bo , Wei Yonggang , Liu Fei , Li Lian , Zhou Siqi , Peng Yufu , Li Bo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious malignant cancers and has a high fatality rate. However, clinical strategies for the effective treatment of HCC remain lacking. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with aberrant expression have been closely correlated with the occurrence and development of HCC. Here we investigated the underlying mechanism of the lncRNA CERS6-AS1 in HCC progression. The expression and prognosis of CERS6-AS1 in HCC patients was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas. PCR analysis was utilized to measure the expression of CERS6-AS1 in tissues and cell lines. Transwell, wound healing, proliferation and glycolysis assays were conducted to evaluate the function of CERS6-AS1 on HCC cell functions. Bioinformation methods and luciferase assays were used to screen and verify potential target miRNAs and genes. A subcutaneous tumorigenesis model was constructed in nude mice to assess the effect of CERS6-AS1 on tumorigenesis in vivo. CERS6-AS1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. Upregulated CERS6-AS1 expression was remarkably correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. High CERS6-AS1 expression facilitated cell growth, invasion and glycolysis of HCC cells. Bioinformatics analyses combining with PCR analysis identified miR-30b-3p as the potential target of CERS6-AS1, and MDM2 mRNA was verified as the target of miR-30b-3p. The expression of miR-30b-3p was negatively correlated with CERS6-AS1, whereas MDM2 was positively associated with CERS6-AS1. Mechanistic studies showed that CERS6-AS1 may sponge miR-30b-3p to elevate MDM2, thus promoting the MDM2-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the p53 tumor suppressor. MDM2 overexpression or miR-30b-3p inhibitors blocked the inhibitory effect of CERS6-AS1 knockdown on proliferation, migration and glycolysis. CERS6-AS1 depletion reduced tumor formation in the in vivo mouse model. The CERS6-AS1/miR-30b-3p/MDM2/p53 signaling axis may play key roles in regulating HCC progression. CERS6-AS1 may exert as a novel biomarker or therapeutic target for HCC.
Ultra-low-power second-order nonlinear optics on a chip
Authors: McKenna Timothy P. , Stokowski Hubert S. , Ansari Vahid , Mishra Jatadhari , Jankowski Marc , Sarabalis Christopher J. , Herrmann Jason F. , Langrock Carsten , Fejer Martin M. , Safavi-Naeini Amir H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSecond-order nonlinear optical processes convert light from one wavelength to another and generate quantum entanglement. Creating chip-scale devices to efficiently control these interactions greatly increases the reach of photonics. Existing silicon-based photonic circuits utilize the third-order optical nonlinearity, but an analogous integrated platform for second-order nonlinear optics remains an outstanding challenge. Here we demonstrate efficient frequency doubling and parametric oscillation with a threshold of tens of micro-watts in an integrated thin-film lithium niobate photonic circuit. We achieve degenerate and non-degenerate operation of the parametric oscillator at room temperature and tune its emission over one terahertz by varying the pump frequency by hundreds of megahertz. Finally, we observe cascaded second-order processes that result in parametric oscillation. These resonant second-order nonlinear circuits will form a crucial part of the emerging nonlinear and quantum photonics platforms.
Interaction between transcribing RNA polymerase and topoisomerase I prevents R-loop formation in E. coli
Authors: Sutormin Dmitry , Galivondzhyan Alina , Musharova Olga , Travin Dmitrii , Rusanova Anastasiia , Obraztsova Kseniya , Borukhov Sergei , Severinov Konstantin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacterial topoisomerase I (TopoI) removes excessive negative supercoiling and is thought to relax DNA molecules during transcription, replication and other processes. Using ChIP-Seq, we show that TopoI ofEscherichia coli(EcTopoI) is colocalized, genome-wide, with transcribing RNA polymerase (RNAP). Treatment with transcription elongation inhibitor rifampicin leads to EcTopoI relocation to promoter regions, where RNAP also accumulates. When a 14 kDa RNAP-binding EcTopoI C-terminal domain (CTD) is overexpressed, colocalization of EcTopoI and RNAP along the transcription units is reduced. Pull-down experiments directly show that the two enzymes interact in vivo. Using ChIP-Seq and Topo-Seq, we demonstrate that EcTopoI is enriched upstream (within up to 12-15 kb) of highly-active transcription units, indicating that EcTopoI relaxes negative supercoiling generated by transcription. Uncoupling of the RNAP:EcTopoI interaction by either overexpression of EcTopoI competitor (CTD or inactive EcTopoI Y319F mutant) or deletion of EcTopoI domains involved in the interaction is toxic for cells and leads to excessive negative plasmid supercoiling. Moreover, uncoupling of the RNAP:EcTopoI interaction leads to R-loops accumulation genome-wide, indicating that this interaction is required for prevention of R-loops formation.
Deficiency of WTAP in hepatocytes induces lipoatrophy and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
Authors: Li Xinzhi , Ding Kaixin , Li Xueying , Yuan Bingchuan , Wang Yuqin , Yao Zhicheng , Wang Shuaikang , Huang He , Xu Bolin , Xie Liwei , Deng Tuo , Chen Xiao-wei , Chen Zheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEctopic lipid accumulation and inflammation are the essential signs of NASH. However, the molecular mechanisms of ectopic lipid accumulation and inflammation during NASH progression are not fully understood. Here we reported that hepatic Wilms' tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP) is a key integrative regulator of ectopic lipid accumulation and inflammation during NASH progression. Hepatic deletion ofWtapleads to NASH due to the increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue, enhanced hepatic free fatty acids uptake and induced inflammation, all of which are mediated by IGFBP1, CD36 and cytochemokines such as CCL2, respectively. WTAP binds to specific DNA motifs which are enriched in the promoters and suppresses gene expression (e.g.,Igfbp1,Cd36andCcl2) with the involvement of HDAC1. In NASH, WTAP is tranlocated from nucleus to cytosol, which is related to CDK9-mediated phosphorylation. These data uncover a mechanism by which hepatic WTAP regulates ectopic lipid accumulation and inflammation during NASH progression.
The molecular mechanism of snake short-chain α-neurotoxin binding to muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Nys Mieke , Zarkadas Eleftherios , Brams Marijke , Mehregan Aujan , Kambara Kumiko , Kool Jeroen , Casewell Nicholas R. , Bertrand Daniel , Baenziger John E. , Nury Hugues , Ulens Chris 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBites by elapid snakes (e.g. cobras) can result in life-threatening paralysis caused by venom neurotoxins blocking neuromuscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structure of the muscle-type Torpedo receptor in complex with ScNtx, a recombinant short-chain α-neurotoxin. ScNtx is pinched between loop C on the principal subunit and a unique hairpin in loop F on the complementary subunit, thereby blocking access to the neurotransmitter binding site. ScNtx adopts a binding mode that is tilted toward the complementary subunit, forming a wider network of interactions than those seen in the long-chain α-Bungarotoxin complex. Certain mutations in ScNtx at the toxin-receptor interface eliminate inhibition of neuronal α7 nAChRs, but not of human muscle-type receptors. These observations explain why ScNtx binds more tightly to muscle-type receptors than neuronal receptors. Together, these data offer a framework for understanding subtype-specific actions of short-chain α-neurotoxins and inspire strategies for design of new snake antivenoms.
Non-fluorinated non-solvating cosolvent enabling superior performance of lithium metal negative electrode battery
Authors: Moon Junyeob , Kim Dong Ok , Bekaert Lieven , Song Munsoo , Chung Jinkyu , Lee Danwon , Hubin Annick , Lim Jongwoo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe growth of dendrites on lithium metal electrodes is problematic because it causes irreversible capacity loss and safety hazards. Localised high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) can form a mechanically stable solid-electrolyte interphase and prevent uneven growth of lithium metal. However, the optimal physicochemical properties of LHCEs have not been clearly determined which limits the choice to fluorinated non-solvating cosolvents (FNSCs). Also, FNSCs in LHCEs raise environmental concerns, are costly, and may cause low cathodic stability owing to their low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level, leading to unsatisfactory cycle life. Here, we spectroscopically measured the Li+ solvation ability and miscibility of candidate non-fluorinated non-solvating cosolvents (NFNSCs) and identified the suitable physicochemical properties for non-solvating cosolvents. Using our design principle, we proposed NFNSCs that deliver a coulombic efficiency up to 99.0% over 1400 cycles. NMR spectra revealed that the designed NFNSCs were highly stable in electrolytes during extended cycles. In addition, solvation structure analysis by Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculation of Li+ binding energy suggested that the low ability of these NFNSCs to solvate Li+ originates from the aromatic ring that allows delocalisation of electron pairs on the oxygen atom.