bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NATIONWIDE COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH PROTECTION SCREENING PROGRAM IN HUNGARY, 2010 2020 2030
Authors: Barna István , Daiki Tenno , Dankovics Gergely , Kékes Ede 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
From 2010 a new, complex screening program started in Hungary, named NATIONWIDE COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH PROTECTION SCREENING PROGRAM in HUNGARY MAESZ 2010 2020 2030.

Design and method:
Within the framework of the Program in the largest mobile diagnostics center in Hungary, the adult population has the opportunity to obtain 40 comprehensive surveys in free form. In the past nine years, the special screening lorry visited 1886 places

Results:
228076 inhabitants had a complex screen and 561873 individuals received information packages about the right lifestyle, the prevention of illnesses, and preservation of health and we have received 14 million lifestyle question answers on sites. From 2018 2019 academic year officially started the child prevention program of the nationwide health prevention screening program of Hungary named Travel to Empire of the Health MAESZ provides free participation for about 75,000 children annually and assists in the development of children’s health knowledge. The nationwide comprehensive health protection screening program greatly contributes to improving students’ health knowledge. Within the framework of the program, students can gain insight into the program from the first grade of primary school to the university level. Based on data from 2010, the age of participants was 42 years for women and 40 years for men. 22% in women, 23% in men was the rate of known hypertension, and 5.1% and 4.5% was the proportion of known diabetics irrespectively. Myocardial infarction 26–22%, hype,rte,nsion disease 62–55%, stroke 19–14%, cancer 47–38%, and metabolic disease 42–34% occurred in the family history. BMI was increased in both genders, 45% in women and 59% in men. In both sexes, the proportion of smokers was over 24%.

Conclusions:
Based on the results, it has been repeatedly found that the Hungarian population has high risk.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EATING HABITS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF BARRANQUILLA – COLOMBIA
Authors: Rodero Eulalia Maria Amador , Esmeral Leslie Piedad Montealegre , Ayala Zazyl , Charris Martha Arteta , Aguado Carlos De Oro , Rebolledo Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The objective was to characterize dietary habits in a group of university students from the city of Barranquilla, Colombia

Design and method:
a cross-sectional observational descriptive-analytical study is proposed. A convenience sampling was carried out, students from the private university of Barranquilla district were selected, they were characterized at a sociodemographic and anthropometric level, in addition, the questionnaire Lifestyle in Young University Students (CEVJU-R) was applied.

Results:
13.28% of the participants had unhealthy eating habits. With a P-value < 0.05 and a confidence level of 95%, it is stated that eating habits are associated with socioeconomic status, as well, lifestyle is associated with dietary habits.

Conclusions:
Conclusion: university life can become a risk factor for the development of non-transmissible diseases associated with dietary habits, which is why it is important to work on promoting healthy lifestyles
ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION, THE MOST FREQUENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR, BUT HITHERTO UNRECOGNIZED IN THE NOMADIC POPULATION OF SOUTHERN ALGERIA
Authors: Abdelhalim Taleb , Nadia Dammene Debbih , Abdelghani Bachir Cherif 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
evaluate the prevalence of hypertension among former nomads

Design and method:
cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study, where we included 605 nomads, 303 nomads, and 302 nomads settled for 03 years aged 40 and over without distinction of sex or skin color.

Results:
nomadic population the average age is 61.2 years ± 13.5 (40–101), 136 women (44.9%), and 167 men (55.1%).
252 (83.2%) had white skin, while 51 (16.8%) had black skin. nomad’s blood pressure status 32% of nomads were hypertensive (95% ci: 26.6–35.2), hypertension was known in 47.4% (95% ci: 44.1–54.9), 73.8% were treated (95 % ci: 63.8–87.4), and 33.1% were controlled (95% ci: 20–39.4). sedentary nomadic population the average age is 58, 4 years ± 13,7 (40–95), 148 women (49%), and 154 men (51%). 156 (65, 6%) had white skin, while 104 (34,4 %) had black skin. blood pressure status of the sedentary nomad 47% (95% ci: 39,1–50,5) were hypertensive, hypertension was known in 35,6 % (95% ci: 28–43,9), 96,9% were treated (95% ci: 92–99), and 25,4% were controlled (95% ci: 15,7–37,2)

Conclusions:
high blood pressure is found in 32% of the nomadic population and in 44.7% in the sedentary group. the statistical difference according to the environment is clearly significant in favor of the sedentary group. this survey allowed us to obtain important data among the nomadic population on the prevalence of other risk factors
OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED CORONARY CALCIFICATION AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS WTH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Nielsen Sebastian , Nyvad Jakob , Christensen Kent Lodberg , Poulsen Per Løgstrup , Laugsen Esben , Grove Erik Lerkevang , Buus Niels Henrik 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), coronary calcification and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Design and method:
We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Subjects with type-2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urine albumin-creatinine (UAC) ratio > 30 mg/g were recruited from the outpatient clinics in renal medicine or diabetes or from the local general primary care. Eligible patients were tested for OSA with ApneaLinkâ and quantified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, events/h). Absence of OSA was defined as AHI < 5, mild OSA as 5–14, moderate as 15–29 and severe as > = 30. Subjects with an AHI < 5 or > = 15 had a coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with subsequent blinded Agatston-scoring (AS) to quantify coronary calcification. Aortic stiffness was determined as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) using Sphygmocorâ.

Results:
A total of 121 patients were examined by ApneaLinkâ with 114 having complete data. 43 (38%) did not have OSA, 33 (29%) had mild OSA and 38 (33%) had moderate-severe OSA. A total of 74 patients (92%) underwent CTA and 70 cf-PWV measurements. Mean age was 71 years (73% males), mean eGFR 32 mL/min and mean UAC-ratio 533 mg/g. BMI and UAC-ratio were higher in the OSA-group than the non-OSA group, while age, smoking habits, eGFR, diabetes duration, Hb1Ac, blood pressure, lipid levels, and medication were comparable between the two groups. Logarithmic transformed Ln(e) AS was significantly higher in patients with moderate-severe OSA compared to non-OSA (6.59 ± 1.71 vs. 5.56 ± 2.41, p = 0.04) and the same was observed for cf-PWV (11.9 ± 2.7 vs. 10.5 ± 2.2, p = 0.03) (Figure 1). A secondary analysis suggested AS to be especially elevated in those with severe OSA (mean AS 2350, n = 16) as compared to moderate OSA (AS 1031, n = 19) and non-OSA (AS 1011, n = 39).

Conclusions:
OSA is common in patients with diabetic nephropathy and associated with increased coronary calcification and aortic stiffness. These vascular abnormalities are seen despite optimized blood pressure-, lipid- and glycemic control. Our data indicate that screening for OSA adds important cardiovascular risk information in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TRIGLYCERIDE GLUCOSE INDEX AND LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AMONG CHINESE POPULATION WITH HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK
Authors: Chaolei Chen , Zhiqiang Nie , Jiabin Wang , Yuqin Huang , Yingqing Feng 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index has been proposed to be a reliable surrogate of insulin resistance. In the present study, we aimed to examine the relationship between TyG index and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) among Chinese population with high cardiovascular risk.

Design and method:
This cross-sectional study included 20,921 participants with measurable echocardiographic parameters from the China Patient-Centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Million Persons Project in Guangdong Province. Participants with high cardiovascular risk, which was defined as a predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease greater than 20%, according to the 2019 cardiovascular disease risk charts for east Asia by WHO, or those with previous myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, or stroke, were identified. They were divided into four famine exposure groups according to the quartiles of TyG index. The association between TyG index and LVH was examined by Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline regression, and the results were presented in odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to examine potential interactions between demographics and TyG index.

Results:
Among 20,921 participants, 1799 (8.6%) of them had LVH. The multivariate OR for every SD increment in TyG index was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.14–1.31). When comparing to the lowest quartile of TyG index, the multivariate ORs for LVH were 1.22 (0.96–1.54) for Q2, 1.61 (1.28–2.01) for Q3, and 1.73 (1.38–2.16) for Q4 (P for trend < 0.001). The restricted cubic spline regression also showed a linear association. No interaction was found between subgroup variables and the association between TyG index and the LVH.

Conclusions:
Higher TyG index associated with the elevated risk of LVH in Chinese population with high cardiovascular risk. The data suggest that TyG index may serve as a simple and effective tool for LVH risk assessment in daily clinical practice.
ABNORMAL DIPPING PATTERN OF NOCTURNAL BLOOD PRESSURE AS A PREDICTOR OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND/OR DEMENTIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Wang Analise , Chong Eric , Gupta Ankur 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Impact of abnormal nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping pattern on cognitive impairment and/or dementia is uncertain. The aim is to review the association between abnormal nocturnal BP dipping patterns (extreme dipping, non-dipping, or reverse dipping) and cognitive impairment and/or dementia in adults.

Design and method:
PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched. Primary outcome was pooled odds ratios for cognitive impairment/dementia between normal and abnormal dipping patterns. Secondary outcomes were pooled mean Mini-Mental State Exam score among normal and abnormal dipping patterns, and pooled mean nocturnal dipping percentage among study participants with normal and low cognitive function.

Results:
When compared to normal dippers, reverse dippers have the strongest association with cognitive impairment/dementia (OR 5.56, 95%-CI 2.39–13.0, p = 0.0016) followed by non-dippers (OR 2.49, 95%-CI 1.39–4.45, p = 0.006). Association between extreme dippers and cognitive impairment/dementia was not statistically significant (OR 2.70 (95%-CI 0.80–9.12, p = 0.0904). The pooled mean Mini-Mental State Exam score among the non-dippers (26.8, 95%-CI 20.2 – 33.5) were lower than the normal dippers (27.4, 95%-CI 23.1–31.6). The standardized mean difference between the two groups was not significant (SMD -0.0694, 95%-CI -0.4998–0.361, p = 0.677). The pooled mean nocturnal dipping percentage among study participants with low cognitive function was (8.24%, 95%-CI 5.21–11.3) less than study participants with normal cognitive function (11.5%, 95%-CI 8.83–14.1). Similarly, the standard mean difference of mean nocturnal dipping percentage between the two groups was not significant (SMD -0.934, 95%-CI -2.053–0.186, p = 0.0906).

Conclusions:
Abnormal nocturnal dipping pattern may be a risk factor for cognitive impairment/dementia. Multiple included studies with cross-sectional data sets precludes drawing valid causal inference between dipping pattern and cognitive impairment.
FEATURES OF THE PARAMETERS OF RED BLOOD CELLS AND HEMOSTASIS IN PATIENTS WITH STROKES ASSOCIATED WITH CORONAVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Kruchinina Margarita Vitali , Gromov Andrey Alexandro , Generalov Vladimir Mikhail , Rabko Anna Vladimirovn 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The purpose is to identify the peculiarities of the parameters of red blood cells (RBC) and hemostasis in patients with strokes associated with coronavirus infection.

Design and method:
A total of 124 patients (48.5 + 1.9 years) with impairments of cerebral circulation due to COVID-19 (confirmed by positive PCR test) had been examined. Among them, 74 patients had ischemic stroke, 25– transient ischaemic attack, 17– intracerebral hemorrhage, 8– subarachnoid hemorrhage. The parameters of hemostasis were measured by standard methods, electrical, viscoelastic parameters of RBC - by dielectrophoresis.

Results:
71 patients (the 1st group) showed signs of intravascular coagulation and thrombosis: accelerated platelet-leukocyte aggregation, increased levels of coagulation products, reduced fibrinolysis activity (p = 0.001–0.04). The levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen, ESR, platelet count were higher in this group compared to the second one (p < 0.01). A moderate increase of RBC summarized rigidity, viscosity was noted. The level of RBC hemolysis was associated with platelet count (r = 0.735,p = 0.03), D-dimer (r = 0.482, p < 0.05), fibrinogen level (r = 0.374, p = 0.04).
In 2nd group (53 persons), the markers of thrombosis had moderate deviations. Sharply reduced RBC deformability with increased summarized rigidity, viscosity was dominant coupled with the background of high electrical conductivity of cell membranes compared to the indicators in the 1st group (p < 0.01). There was a decrease of membrane capacity, surface charge, cell dipole moment, polarizability than those in the 1st group (p = 0.0001–0.05). A sharp decrease of RBC deformability creates obstacles to overcoming small-diameter capillaries, leading to violations of microcirculatory blood flow.
RBC deformability was associated with levels of ferritin (r = 0.451, p = 0.02), HbA1c (r = 0.480, p = 0.03), uric acid (r = -0.371, p < 0.05), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.461, p = 0.02).
Incubation of blood samples in vitro for 10 min with riboflavin, nicotinamide, inosine, which ensures RBC energy metabolism, restored the reduced RBC deformability (p < 0.01), altered cell morphology (p = 0.04), decreased RBC aggregation (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The revealed features of parameters of RBC hemostasis in stroke patients with coronavirus infection are associated with two independent pathogenetic mechanisms: thrombotic and hemorheologic. The thrombotic variant is due to procoagulant state and an activity of inflammation. The hemorheologic variant is caused by decrease of RBC energy metabolism, activity of enzymes.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION AND BONE MINERAL CONTENT IN CHINESE ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Zhou Jinyu , Bai Ling , Tong Lingling , Ding Wenqing 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between body fat distribution and bone mineral content (BMC), and gender difference among Chinese adolescents.

Design and method:
A total of 1575 adolescents aged 12–18 were randomly selected in China by stratified cluster sampling. BMC and body fat distribution indexes, included fat mass (FM), appendicular fat mass (AFM), and trunk fat mass (TFM), were measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA).

Results:
Except for limb to total fat ratio (LTFR), girls’ FM, AFM, TFM, trunk to total fat ratio (TrTFR) and trunk to limb fat ratio (TrLFR) were higher than boys (P values < 0.05). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between LTFR and BMC (boys: r = -0.630, girls: r = -0.351), while other indexes were positively correlated with BMC (all P values < 0.05). Regression analysis revealed that the higher BMC in the fourth tertile of TrTFR was 34.23 (17.49, 67.00) times versus that of the control group in boys. Similarly, the higher BMC in the fourth tertile of TrLFR was 45.09 (5.84,348.38) times than that in the control group in girls (P value < 0.05).

Conclusions:
There are gender differences in the distribution of body fat in Chinese adolescents. And during this period, higher central fat mass has a positive effect on the accumulation of BMC.
EARLY LIFE BLOOD PRESSURE TRAJECTORIES AND SUBCLINICAL VASCULAR DAMAGE IN MIDLIFE: A 30-YEAR PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Wang Yang , Mu Jian-Jun , Chu Chao , Hu Gui-Lin , Liao Yue-Yuan , Yan Rui-Chen , Du Ming-Fei , Zou Ting , Chen Chen , Ma Qiong , Wang Dan , Wang Ke-Ke , Sun Yue 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To describe the trajectory of BP across a 30-year span and evaluate its association with carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) by middle age.

Design and method:
4623 participants aged 6–18 years, recruited from the ongoing cohort of Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension study, a total of 2780 subjects were followed up for 6 visits over 30 years, and 1925 participants with complete CIMT and baPWV data were used for final analyses. Systolic and diastolic BP trajectories were identified by latent mixture modeling.

Results:
We identified 5 distinct systolic BP (SBP) trajectories as: “low-stable” (n = 512, 26.6%), “moderate-stable” (n = 993, 51.6%), “high-stable” (n = 229, 11.9%), “moderate-increasing” (n = 152, 7.9%) and “high-increasing” (n = 39, 2.0%). The levels of CIMT and baPWV were linearly increased from low stable- to high-increasing SBP trajectories. A total of 85 individuals and 425 participants developed high CIMT and high baPWV by 2017, respectively. Compared with the low-stable SBP trajectory group, the high-increasing group had increasingly greater odds of high CIMT by middle age in the full adjustment [OR = 5.04(1.76–14.44)]. Such association was observed in diastolic BP trajectories [OR = 3.61(1.11–11.70)].

Conclusions:
BP trajectories derived from childhood to middle age vary, and higher BP trajectories were associated with an increased risk of subclinical vascular damage in middle age. Monitoring trajectories of BP from childhood may help identify a high cardiovascular risk population in early life.
CENTRAL BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Prapa Sofia , Ntineri Angeliki , Kollias Anastasios , Menti Ariadni , Theodosiadi Aikaterini , Stergiou George S. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Central aortic blood pressure (BP) has attracted the researchers interest due to its potential to improving cardiovascular risk stratification. We reviewed the published data on central BP in children and adolescents excluding those with chronic heart, lung or kidney disease, congenital anomaly or syndrome, malignancy, and acute illness.

Design and method:
A systematic review of literature based on PubMed database was conducted by two independent researchers up to January 2021 in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Additional studies were identified from the reference lists of relevant articles.

Results:
A total of 56 eligible articles were identified (Table). The available literature advocates a positive association between male gender, age, height, African-American descent, preterm birth, hypertension and diabetes with central BP, whereas the association of birth weight and physical exercise with central BP was inverse. Regarding the relationship of central BP with indices of preclinical target organ damage, 11 studies showed a positive association with pulse wave velocity, 7 with left ventricular mass index, 5 with carotid intima-media thickness, and 4 with augmentation index. Two studies reported an inverse association with the equivalent of the central retinal artery. The studies testing non-invasive techniques for central BP estimation reported that they approach the invasive technique with adequate accuracy, with crucial impact of the calibration method. Tonometry remains the most studied non-invasive measurement method, followed by oscillometry. Two studies provided normalcy values using the oscillometric method. The evidence on 24-hour ambulatory central BP is limited.

Conclusions:
The evidence on central BP measurement in youth is limited and derived from non-invasive evaluation in static conditions using tonometry. Central BP in children and adolescents seems to be affected by multiple factors and is associated with preclinical target organ damage.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SYMPTOMS FOR DIAGNOSING AND TREATING OF HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG-AGED, ASSESSED WITH APPLANATION TONOMETRY
Authors: Paterno Carlos Alberto 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim is to know if the presence of symptoms in children, adolescents, and young-aged are important for early diagnosis and therapy of hypertension.

Design and method:
For this cross-sectional study was entered 180 children, adolescents, and young-aged, female 96 -male 84 (F-M), divided into 3 groups of age: from 5 years to 12, from 13 to 18, and from 19 to 22 years. Principally, patients consulted for the presence of symptoms. During the anamnesis, several symptoms were registered, such as headache, palpitations, thoracic pain, breathlessness, sweating, asthenia, and mental confusion. Was entered the anthropomorphic measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (S-DBP), heart rate, central hemodynamics parameters (CHP), and difference of augmentation index (Diff AIx) between observed values and normal levels, evaluated with applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor-PVX AtCor-Medical Australia) according to standards methods.

Results:
In F-M, S-DBP increased from 1 group (104.3/66.9–109.1/67.7 mmHg) to 2 group (117.5/71.5–120.4/72.0 mmHg). Into the 3 group (117.9/73.0–126.6/77.8 mmHg) a slight increase was observed (normal values according to JHypertens 2019). Similar changes occur in CHP, but central aortic pressure and pulse pressure were higher than normal, both sexes. The Diff-AIx (surrogate value of arterial stiffness), was measured only in the 3 group and results were higher than normal, both sexes. High prevalence of headache was observed among female 69%-76% and male 53%-47% in the 2-3 groups, respectively, and high percentage of palpitations too, among female 66%-64% and male 47%-41% in the 2-3 groups, respectively. Also, was observed thoracic pain, dyspnoea, sweating, and asthenia whose prevalence increases with age. Few cases of mental confusion were more prevalent in females (7%-7%) in the 2-3 group. Patients in therapy with Angiotensin Receptors Blocker were registered female 31%-38% and male 40%-47% into the 2-3 group, respectively. All the patients treated improved the symptoms since the first month.

Conclusions:
In the diagnosis of Hypertension in children, adolescents, and young-aged it is very important the evaluation of symptoms and assesses them by applanation tonometry to know the optimal time of therapy to more early age with the objective of preventing future complications.