bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of poly(butyl acrylate‐co‐oleic acid) as biobased polymeric dispersant and its application in preparation of pigment concentrate
Authors: Lim Boon‐Leong , Ang Desmond Teck‐Chye 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is highly desirable to develop bio‐based products using sustainable materials and reduce dependence on petrochemicals. There are various reports on the use of sustainable materials in the synthesis of polymer resins, but research on the use of sustainable materials in development of coating additives such as polymeric dispersant is significantly lacking. Objective of this work is to produce fatty acid‐based polymeric dispersant using oleic acid in combination with butyl acrylate. The performance of the fatty acid‐based polymeric dispersant was benchmarked against commercially available and petrochemical‐based polymeric dispersant. The dispersants produced were characterized using spectroscopies (1H‐NMR and FTIR), thermal analyses (thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry), and molecular weight analysis. Application test was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the polymeric dispersant in titania pigment concentrate formulation which was tinted in nitrocellulose clear coating. Properties such as viscosity, fineness, gloss, optical properties, and storage stability were evaluated, and the result obtained shows that fatty acid‐based polymeric dispersant could disperse titania efficiently and produced coatings with good optical properties and excellent gloss retention. The carboxyl group from the incorporated fatty acid served as excellent pigment anchoring group, facilitating good orientation of dispersant on the pigment surface and promote excellent stability.
CBTsupervision behind closed doors: Supervisor and supervisee reflections on their expectations and use of clinical supervision
Authors: Roscoe Jason , Taylor Julie , Harrington Rufus , Wilbraham Susan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious surveys examining the routine practice of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) supervision have consistently found that methods utilised by supervisors often drift from expert recommendations. Harmful or ineffective supervision are two potential consequences of practices which overlook one or more of the normative, formative or restorative functions. Given that most of the research to date in this area has used quantitative methods, it is important to gain a deeper understanding of the reasons why everyday supervision differs so greatly. One way of achieving this is through exploring the “lived experience” of supervisors and supervisees.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with (N = 10) supervisors and supervisees, and data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsThree superordinate themes were identified: “inconsistency of approaches,”“autonomy”and“the relationship.”The findings revealed that supervisors are practicing very differently from one another, despite awareness of expert guidance. There were some indications of supervisory drift, characterised by supervisor resistance to hierarchical structures and supervisee avoidance due to concerns about their safety within the relationship.ConclusionFurther research is needed to better understand how supervision dyads can identify and manage dysfunctional supervision practices.
Hepatoprotective Effect Associated with Alkaloids from Corydalis tomentella Franch. based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and in Vitro Experiment
Authors: Zong Kunqi , Gong Chang , Shao Zhutong , Songa Ce , Meng Dali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLiver is an important metabolic organ with numerous functions in human body. Hepatitis is defined as the inflammation of the liver tissue, which could lead to acute liver failure, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Corydalis tomentella Franch., a precious herb in China, is often used in the treatment of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. In this study, 41 isoquinoline alkaloids and derivatives isolated by our lab from C. tomentella and 61 related targets were analyzed by network pharmacology. Their activities were further verified by cell assay evaluated for antitumor activity against HepG2 cells and molecular docking. The results confirmed that the alkaloids from C.tomentella had extensive hepatoprotective effects, and TNF‐α was the key target of hendersinate B methyl ester against acute liver damage by viral hepatitis and HCC, which provided a foundation for further in vivo studies.
Competing C‐4 and C‐5‐Acyl Stabilization of Uronic Acid Glycosyl Cations
Authors: Elferink Hidde , Remmerswaal Wouter A. , Houthuijs Kas J. , Jansen Oscar , Hansen Thomas , Rijs Anouk M. , Berden Giel , Martens Jonathan , Oomens Jos , Codée Jeroen D. C. , Boltje Thomas J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUronic acids are carbohydrates carrying a terminal carboxylic acid and have a unique reactivity in stereoselective glycosylation reactions. Herein, the competing intramolecular stabilization of uronic acid cations by the C‐5 carboxylic acid or the C‐4 acetyl group was studied with infrared ion spectroscopy (IRIS). IRIS reveals that a mixture of bridged ions is formed, in which the mixture is driven towards the C‐1,C‐5 dioxolanium ion when the C‐5,C‐2‐relationship is cis, and towards the formation of the C‐1,C‐4 dioxepanium ion when this relation is trans. Isomer‐population analysis and interconversion barrier computations show that the two bridged structures are not in dynamic equilibrium and that their ratio parallels the density functional theory computed stability of the structures. These studies reveal how the intrinsic interplay of the different functional groups influences the formation of the different regioisomeric products.
Metal‐Organic Framework‐Based Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Jiang Zhuoliang , Wen Bo , Huang Yaohui , Li Haixia , Li Fujun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐oxygen batteries (LOBs) are considered to be the next‐generation energy technology owing to their high theoretical energy density. However, the sluggish cathode kinetics and degradation of Li anodes result in large voltage hysteresis and low coulombic efficiency. Various materials have been applied to promote the electrochemical performance of LOBs. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) possessing porous structures, open active sites and adjustable pore sizes have been attempted as promising materials for catalysts and separators of LOBs. This concept presents an overview of different MOF‐based catalysts for LOBs, including traditional, conductive, semi‐conductive and soluble MOFs, as well as our recently proposed photo‐involved LOBs. Recent advances in MOF‐based separators to restrain the shuttling of redox mediators between cathodes and anodes and suppress the formation of lithium dendrites are also discussed. Finally, perspectives on the development of MOF‐based LOBs for future research are presented.
Operating Behavior of a Demonstration Plant for Methanol Synthesis
Authors: Voß Johannes Michael , Daun Torben , Geitner Christian , Schlüter Stefan , Schulzke Tim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA demonstration plant designed for methanol synthesis with steel mill gases was operated continuously for the first time over a period of 5 weeks. The reactor represents a single tube with typical dimensions of an industrial tube bundle reactor with a boiling water cooling jacket and is incorporated into a full loop of unreacted gases. Temperature profile along reactor axis and gas composition in gas recycle stream are measured online. In several experiments, the operating range of the plant was determined. Additionally, the reactor and the loop were simulated and the results agree well with experimental values.
COD removal from actual industrial wastewater using a three‐dimensional electrochemical apparatus
Authors: Wenqiang Xiao , Shan Jiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was investigated using a three‐dimensional electrochemical system. The effects of electrode position, pH value, initial temperature, circulation flow, aeration, and addition of hydrogen peroxide on the removal efficiency of the pollutant were studied. The fillers used in the experiment were centimetre‐sized and electrolyte was obtained from an industrial factory with a concentration of COD as high as 25 000–27 500 mg L−1, which was rare in other studies of the past. The degradation of organics was affected by pH and circulation flow, and a decrease in the initial pH value led to the increase in removal efficiency, while a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing was observed with the extension of circulation flow. Aeration and hydrogen peroxide served as enhanced processes for a higher removal rate. Both ultrasound and ultraviolet had effects on the electrolysis system. Oxygen uptake rate measurement and bio‐treatment experiments demonstrated a significant increase in biodegradability with this three‐dimensional electrochemical system. In addition, a pilot scale test in a pharmaceutical factory showed an economic benefit on energy consumption, which was as low as 10 kWh kg−1 COD.
Decoration of BiVO4/ZnO Photoanodes with Fe‐ZIF‐8 to Simultaneously Enhance Charge Separation and Hole Transportation for Efficient Solar Water Splitting
Authors: He Xianhong , Tian Wei , Bai Zhengyu , Yang Lin , Li Liang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFacilitating the separation and transport efficiency of photogenerated electron–hole pairs is a key factor in realizing efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) reactions. Herein, a novel metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived cocatalyst of iron‐substituted ZIF‐8 (Fe‐ZIF‐8) is fabricated, which is attached to a BiVO4/ZnO (BZ) photoanode. The formation of Fe‐ZIF‐8 is based on ZnO nanoparticles in BZ (BiVO4/ZnO : Fe‐ZIF‐8, BZZF) through a ligand‐exchange method. Fe‐ZIF‐8 can extract holes from BZ, prolong the lifetime of charge carriers at the photoanode/electrolyte interface, and enhance the built‐in electric field to drive the separation of photogenerated charge carriers. In addition, more active sites and surface defect states are induced by the decoration with Fe‐ZIF‐8. As a result, the prepared BZZF photoanode achieves enhanced separation and transport efficiency under AM 1.5G solar light illumination (100 mW cm−2). The PEC performance achieves 4.14 mA cm−2 with a maximum applied bias photon‐to‐current efficiency of 1.10 % at 0.71 V vs. RHE, which is superior to that of BiVO4. This work suggests that the semiconductor combined with MOF‐derived materials is a rational design to facilitate charge separation and increase hole transport efficiency simultaneously to advance PEC water splitting systems.
Computational Analysis of Radiative Heat Transfer in Czochralski Furnace and 3D Anisotropic Thermal Stress in Li2MoO4 Bulk Crystal
Authors: Haddad Fadila , Bouzouaoui Yahia Zakarya , Mokhtari Faiza , Velázquez Matias , Zermout Samir , Lasloudji Idir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHere, the radiative heat transfer inside a Czochralski furnace and the 3D thermal stress generated in a semitransparent Li2MoO4 crystal are deeply analyzed using anisotropic and temperature‐dependent elasticity and thermal expansion coefficients. The developed global numerical model takes into account induction heating, thermal conduction in all parts of the furnace, convection in the melt and the growth atmosphere, Marangoni convection at the free surface, radiation heat exchange between the furnace elements, internal radiation inside the semitransparent crystal and melt, and phase change at the growth interface. The contribution of each radiation mode is studied separately, then coupled together to clearly explain their roles in heat transfer, stress generation in the as‐grown crystal and in power consumption, and heat loss inside the furnace. Flow and temperature fields in the molten oxide and in the growth atmosphere as well as the thermal stress are presented and discussed for each case. Unrealistic cases are first considered where radiation exchange between the furnace elements and internal radiation in the assumed opaque crystal are neglected. For each case, the relation between temperature gradient and thermal stress is clearly demonstrated. Finally, the effect of the melt opacity on thermal stress is studied and related to temperature gradients in the crystal and at the free surface. The experimental observations are in good agreement.
Implementing the Ambiphilicity of an Organotellurenyl Cation for the Synthesis of a Platinum(II)‐Based Carboxylate‐Bridged Heterobimetallic Complex: Structure and Bonding Analysis
Authors: Deka Rajesh , Sarkar Arup , Butcher Ray J. , Singh Harkesh B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe metathesis reaction of aryltellurium chloride, ppyTeCl [ppy=2‐(2’‐pyridyl)phenyl] (5) with AgClO4 afforded Intramolecular Chalcogen Bonding (IChB)‐stabilized organotellurenyl cation [ppyTe] ⋅ ClO4 ([6] ⋅ ClO4). The reaction of [6] ⋅ ClO4 with K2PtCl4 in acetic acid resulted in the formation of platinum(II)‐based carboxylate‐bridged heterobimetallic complex [Pt(ppyTe)(μ‐OOCMe)Cl2], 7 containing an organotellurenyl cation as ligand. This is the first time a Pt(II) complex of an organotellurenyl cation donor‐acceptor ligand has been reported. Complex 7 was characterized by multi‐nuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, and 125Te), FT‐IR spectroscopy, CHN analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies and DFT analysis infer that the Te center in 7 behaves as an ambiphilic ligand, accepting electrons from the N‐atom of the ppy moiety and the O‐atom of the carboxylate groups while simultaneously donating electrons to the Pt(II) center. The 2D‐fingerprint plots derived from the Hirshfeld surface analysis reveal multiple intermolecular interactions in the packing diagrams of complex 7. The natural charges accumulated on the atoms in complex 7 were calculated by Natural Population Analysis (NPA). In addition, the HOMO‐LUMO energy gap in 7 was calculated.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Acylation/Arylation of Alkenes via Aryl Migration/Desulfonylation
Authors: Luo Zhen‐Tao , Fan Jian‐Hong , Xiong Bi‐Quan , Liu Yu , Tang Ke‐Wen , Huang Peng‐Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new photoinduced acylation/arylation of N‐(arylsulfonyl)acrylamide with acyl oxime esters through a nitrogen‐centered radical protocol has been disclosed for efficient preparation of functionalized indolin‐2‐ones, which proceeds through a cascade acyl radical addition of carbon‐carbon double bond, aryl migration, desulfonylation, and intramolecular cyclization sequence. This redox‐neutral strategy features excellent selectivity, good substituent tolerance, and wide substrate scope.
From protection to non‐protection: A mixed methods study investigating movement, posture and recovery from disabling low back pain
Authors: Wernli Kevin , Smith Anne , Coll Fiona , Campbell Amity , Kent Peter , O'Sullivan Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMovement and posture are commonly believed to relate to low back pain (LBP). Yet, we know little about how people make sense of the relationship between their LBP, movement and posture, particularly after recovery. We aimed to qualitatively explore this understanding, how it changes and how it relates to quantitative changes.MethodsA mixed method study in the context of an existing single‐case design involving 12 people with disabling non‐specific LBP. Interviews were conducted before and after a 12‐week physiotherapy‐led Cognitive Functional Therapy intervention, and qualitative findings from these were integrated with individualized, quantitative measures of movement, posture, psychological factors, pain and activity limitation.ResultsStrong beliefs about movement and posture were identified during the baseline interviews. Lived experiences of tension and stiffness characterized the embodiment of ‘nonconscious protection’, while healthcare and societal messages prompted pain‐related fear and ‘conscious protection’. Through varied journeys, most participants reported improvements over time with less protective movement and postural strategies. For some, being less protective required focused attention (‘conscious non‐protection’), but most returned to automatic, normal and fearless patterns (‘nonconscious non‐protection’), forgetting about their LBP. One participant reported no meaningful shift, remaining protective. Greater spinal range, faster movement, more relaxed postures and less back muscle EMG accompanied positive changes in self‐report factors.ConclusionThe findings offer a framework for understanding how people make sense of movement and posture during the process of recovery from persistent, disabling non‐specific LBP. This involved a re‐conceptualisation of movement and posture, from threatening, to therapeutic.SignificanceFindings from qualitative interviews before and after a Cognitive Functional Therapy intervention in 12 people with disabling low back pain highlighted an individualized recovery journey from conscious and nonconscious protection to conscious non‐protection for some, and nonconscious non‐protection for many. Pre and post‐quantitative measures of movement, posture, psychological factors, pain and activity limitation integrated well with the qualitative findings. The findings suggest movement and posture may form part of a multidimensional pain schema.
Influence of Test Method Variables on Sensitivity of Neocloeon Triangulifer to a Reference Toxicant in Short-Term, Effluent Style Evaluations
Authors: Soucek David J. , Dickinson Amy , Norberg-King Teresa J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent literature has demonstrated the sensitivity of mayflies to environmental contaminants. However, to date, there are no methods approved by the US Environmental Protection Agency for using sensitive insects like mayflies in whole-effluent toxicity or receiving water toxicity tests. The parthenogenetic mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer has been shown to be amenable to continuous culture in the laboratory, and methods have been described for its use in both acute and chronic toxicity studies. The goal of the present study was to investigate aspects of N. triangulifer testing and culturing methods that might require adjustment so that they are applicable for testing effluents and receiving waters in a short-term exposure. To this end, the influence of organism age, test duration, and test temperature on sensitivity to NaCl as a reference toxicant were tested (concentrations ranging from 182 to 2489 mg/L). Further studies were conducted to assess the utility of commercially available diets and the influence of nutrient amendment of water on organism growth and sensitivity. Seven-day NaCl tests started with less than 24-h-old larvae were similar in sensitivity to 14-day and full life chronic tests, and were much more sensitive than those started with 7-day-old organisms. Reducing test temperature from 25 °C to 22 °C had a minor influence on culture timing, and little impact on sensitivity to NaCl. In other experiments, reconstituted test water supplemented with nutrients to potentially improve in-test food quality had minimal effect on growth at 7 days and did not significantly alter acute sensitivity to NaCl relative to unamended reconstituted water. A suitable commercially available, ready-to-feed diet substitute for cultured diatoms was not found. Testing N. triangulifer in effluents or receiving waters with the methods recommended will complement similar methods for Ceriodaphnia dubia. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2758–2768. © 2022 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Assessment of health system performance in Germany: Survey‐based insights into the perspective of people with private health insurance
Authors: Achstetter Katharina , Blümel Miriam , Köppen Julia , Hengel Philipp , Busse Reinhard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe World Health Organization (WHO) defined intermediate and overall goals to assess the performance of health systems. As the population perspective becomes more important for improving health systems, the aim of this study was to gain insights into the perspective of people with private health insurance (PHI) in Germany along the predefined WHO goals.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted in 2018 among people with PHI in Germany. The questionnaire included items on all intermediate (access, coverage, quality, and safety) and overall WHO goals (improved health, responsiveness, social and financial risk protection, and improved efficiency). Descriptive analyses were conducted for the total sample and subgroups (gender, age, income, and health status).ResultsIn total, 3601 respondents (age 58.5 ± 14.6; 64.7% male) assessed the German health system. For example, 3.3%–7.5% of the respondents with subjective needs reported forgone care in the past 12 months due to waiting time, distance, or financial reasons and 14.4% suspected medical errors in their care. During the last physician visit 94.2% experienced respectful treatment but only 60.6% perceived coordination of care as good. Unnecessary health services were perceived by 24.2%. For many items significant subgroup differences were found, particularly for age groups (18–64 vs. 65+).ConclusionConducting a health system performance assessment from the population perspective gained new and unique insights into the perception of people with PHI in Germany. Areas to improve the health system were seen in, for example, coordination of care, financial risk protection, and quality of care, and inequalities between subgroups were identified.
Anticipated impacts of climate change on women's health: A background primer
Authors: Pandipati Santosh , Abel David E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to human activities, atmospheric greenhouse gas levels have increased dramatically, leading to an increase in the global mean surface temperature by 1.1° Celsius. Unless we can achieve a significant reduction in emissions, the global mean surface temperature will continue to rise to a dangerous level. Adverse outcomes of this warming will include extreme weather events, a deterioration of food, water and air quality, decreased food security, and an increase in vector‐borne infectious disease. Political and economic instability as well as mass population migration will result in reduced access to healthcare resources. Mitigation of and adaptation to climate change will be key determinants of humanity's survival in the face of this existential crisis. Women will be more adversely affected by climate change than men, and pregnant persons will be particularly vulnerable. Particular differential impacts on women include higher heat and particulate‐related morbidity and mortality; pregnancy risks including preterm birth, fetal growth lag, hypertensive disorders; and mental health impacts. To prepare for the climate crisis, it is imperative for women's healthcare providers to assist their patients through political advocacy, provide family planning services, and focus on nutrition and lifestyle counseling.