bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-adherence to WHO’s recommended antenatal care visits: Geospatial analysis of the 2017 Maternal Health Survey
Authors: Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Boateng Ebenezer N. K. , Adde Kenneth Setorwu , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Munro-Kramer Michelle L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Evidence shows that most women in Ghana do not meet the minimum antenatal care visits as recommended by WHO with only 31.2%-41.9% of them meeting the recommendation. To the best of our knowledge, no study in Ghana has examined women’s noncompliance with the WHO’s recommended eight antenatal visits using geospatial analysis, as this study sets out to do.
Methods
We sourced data from the recent version of the Ghana Maternal Health Survey which was executed in 2017. A sample of 10,077 women with complete data participated in this study. The link between the explanatory variables and the outcome variable was investigated using binary and multivariate logistic regression models and Spatial analyses such as spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I), hotspot, cluster and outlier analysis, and geographically weighted regression were conducted using ArcMap version 10.7.
Results
Districts found in the north-eastern and south-western parts of the country were more likely to experience noncompliance with ANC. Women staying within the middle belt without health insurance were more likely (17–29%) to be noncompliant with ANC. Women with low community socioeconomic status were found to be more likely (17–34%) to be noncompliant with ANC in the eastern parts of Ghana.
Conclusion
The study has shown that in order to achieve targets one and three of Sustainable Development Goal 3, the government of Ghana, the Ministry of Health, together with the Ghana Health Service may have to intensify health education in the identified areas to highlight the importance of adherence to the WHO recommendations on ANC visits.
Health Management Information System Data Use Practice and Its Determinants at Health Centers and Woreda Health Office in Fafan Zone, Somali Region, Ethiopia.
Authors: Farah Abdi , hassen Kaldir , Mohamed Abdi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sound and reliable information is the foundation of decision-making across all health system building blocks and is essential for health system policy development and its implementation. Ethiopian health sector transformation plan has given special attention to health information management, data use intending to promote the quality and culture of health information data use for decision making. Hence, this study aims to assess the practice of routine Health Information data use for decision-making and its determinants in Fafan Zone Somali region.A cross-sectional study was carried out in August 2021 to assess routine Health Information, data use practices, and its determinants in the Fafan zone Somali region. The participants of the study were 359 health workers from different departments of selected health centers and woreda health offices by using cluster-sampling techniques. The study findings showed that the health workers' practice of RHI data use for decision-making is very low. The determinants of Routine health information management data use practice that was identified in the study include work position level, Health worker's educational level, presence of regular Supportive supervision flowed by timely feedback on performance, training status of data users, and availability of all required inputs for the preparation and display information, and data management guidelines. Therefore, enhancing knowledge, skills, data management inputs, supportive monitoring, and access to user training are important to expand the use of routine health information data in health centers and woreda health offices in the Fafan zone.
Key drivers of family-level utility of pediatric genomic sequencing: A qualitative analysis to support preference research
Authors: Smith Hadley , Bonkowski Emily , Deloge Raymond Belanger , Gutierrez Amanda , Recinos Alva , Lavelle Tara , Veenstra David , McGuire Amy , Pereira Stacey 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Given that pediatric genomic sequencing (GS) may have implications for the health and well-being of both the child and family, a clearer understanding of the key drivers of the utility of GS from the family perspective is needed. The purpose of this study is to explore what is important to caregivers of pediatric patients regarding clinical GS, with a focus on family-level considerations. We conducted semi-structured interviews with caregivers (n=41) of pediatric patients who had been recommended for or completed GS that explored the scope of factors caregivers considered when deciding whether to pursue GS for their child. We analyzed the qualitative data in multiple rounds of coding using thematic analysis. Caregivers raised important family-level considerations, in addition to those specifically for their child, which included wanting the best chance at good quality of life for the family, the ability to learn about family health, the impact on the caregiver’s well-being, privacy concerns among family members, and the cost of testing to the family. We developed a framework of key drivers of utility consisting of four domains that influenced caregivers’ decision making: underlying values, perceived benefits, perceived risks, and other pragmatic considerations regarding GS. These findings can inform measurement approaches that better capture the utility of pediatric GS for families.
Cancer Surgery during covid increased the patient mortality and the transmission risk to health care workers: results from a retrospective cohort study (NCT05240378)
Authors: Soni Kishan , Neville JF , Purwar Roli , Kumar Tarun , Yadav Ghanshyam , Verma Nimisha , Pandey Manoj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
India encountered two waves of Covid 19 pandemic with variability in its characteristics and severity. Concerns were raised over the safety of treatment and higher morbidity was predicted for oncological surgery. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the rate of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for cancer before and during the Covid 19 pandemic.
Method
The prospectively obtained clinical data of 1576 patients treated between April 2019 to May 2021 was reviewed, of these 959 patients were operated before Covid 19 and 617 during the pandemic. The data on complications, deaths, confirmed or suspected Covid 19 cases and Covid 19 infection among health workers (HCW) was extracted.
Results
A 35% fall in number of surgeries was seen during the Covid period, significant fall was seen in genital and esophageal cancer. There was no difference in postoperative complication; however, the postoperative mortality was significantly higher. A total of 71 patients had Covid 19, of which 62 were preoperative and 9 postoperative, while 30/38 health care workers contracted Covid 19, of which 7 had the infection twice and 3 were infected after two doses of vaccination, there was no mortality in health care workers.
Conclusion
The present study demonstrate higher mortality rates after surgery in cancer patients, with no significant change in morbidity rates. A substantial proportion of HCWs were also infected though there was no mortality among this group, suggesting high mortality despite following the guidelines and protocols.
HPV genotypes in high-grade cervical lesions and invasive cervical carcinoma detected in Gabonese women
Authors: Moussavou-Boundzanga Pamela , Koumakpayi Ismaël Hervé , Aloghe Corinne Engohan , Chansi Junie K. , Revignet Rose , Leroy Eric.M , Berthet Nicolas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women worldwide, but particularly affects women living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Screening and vaccination programs are two prevention approaches that can reduce cervical cancer incidence. However, effective vaccination campaigns require better knowledge of the prevalence of the main human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes reported in high-grade neoplastic lesions and invasive carcinomas in women. Methods: All samples collected in this study were processed using standard histopathological methods with haematoxylin and eosin staining of the sections. Areas with abnormal cells were then identified . The HPV genotype was determined on the DNA extracted from the same sections using nested PCR followed by amplicon sequencing and real-time PCR specific to five different HPV genotypes (16, 18, 33, 45 and 58).Results: A total of 132 Gabonese patients with high-grade neoplastic lesions were included in this study; 81% were squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). At least one HPV was detected in 92.4% patients; HPV16 (75.4%) was the most frequent genotype, followed by HPV18, 58, 45, 33 and 35. Moreover, histological analysis showed that SCC samples had 50% and 58.2% stage III and IV tumor cells, respectively, according to the FIGO classification. Finally, 36.9% of these stage III and IV patients were less than 50 years old. Conclusions: Our results confirm the high prevalence of HPV16 and 18 genotypes among high-grade lesions in Gabonese women. This study confirms the need for a national strategy for early screening of precancerous lesions associated with a broad national vaccination program among non-sexually active women to significantly reduce the long-term cancer burden.
Curcumin in diet modulate central fatty acid levels and mRNA expression of appetite regulating neuropeptides and enhances growth via GH-GHR-IGF axis in tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus
Authors: MV Sruthi , Lekha Divya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Curcumin in 0.5 and 1% doses were given as a feed additive to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) for 100 days to evaluate the effect of curcumin on fatty acid levels in the brain, appetite and growth axis-related gene expressions. A total of 180 fish were randomly stocked into 650 L tanks and fed with basal feed during acclimatization. Three treatment groups were established with each having three replicates and each replicate had 20 fish. They were fed twice on the experimental diets of 10% body weight ration per fish. Gas chromatography analysis revealed a significant change in the amount of total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the tilapia brain. The present study indicated an increase in n-3 (omega-3) and n-6 (omega-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the brain. Real-time quantification of appetite and growth-related gene expressions revealed a significant modulation in their mRNA expressions.
Exenatide regulates Th17/Treg balance via PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway in db/db mice
Authors: Xu Qinqin , Zhang Xiaoling , Li Tao , Shao Shiying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The T helper 17 (Th17)/T regulatory (Treg) cell imbalance is involved in the course of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the current study, the exact role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) exenatide on regulating the Th17/Treg balance and the underlying molecular mechanisms are investigated in obese diabetic mice model.
Methods
Metabolic parameters were monitored in db/db mice treated with/without exenatide during 8-week study period. The frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in vivo and in vitro were assessed. The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) pathway was detected by western blotting.
Results
Exenatide treatment obviously improved β-cell function and insulitis. Increased Th17 and decreased Treg cells in peripheral blood were present as diabetes progressed while exenatide corrected this imbalance. Progressive IL-17 + T cell infiltration of pancreatic islets was alleviated by exenatide intervention. In vitro study showed that palmitate could promote Th17 but suppress Treg differentiation along with down-regulating the phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt/FoxO1, which could be reversed by exenatide intervention. FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 could abrogate all these effects of exenatide against lipid stress.
Conclusions
Exenatide could protect β-cell function in db/db mice partially by restoring Th17/Treg balance via PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway.
Alvarez varifocal X-ray lens
Authors: Dhamgaye Vishal , Laundy David , Moxham Thomas , Baldock Sara , Khosroabadi Hossein , Fox Oliver , Sawhney Kawal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the X-ray region, there exist optical elements analogous to lenses and mirrors for visible light. For visible light, a variable focusing power can be achieved by Alvarez lenses which consist of a pair of inline planar refractors with a cubic thickness profile, which when laterally displaced in opposite directions result in a parabolic component to the wavefront. This paper reports an implementation of this concept for X-rays using two planar microfabricated refractive elements which when used in conjunction with an elliptical mirror focusing system allowed the focal plane to be moved by up to 2 mm with high precision and within milli-seconds. The study presents the first working proof of an Alvarez lens for the adaptive correction of astigmatism and defocus aberrations of X-ray optics.
KTN1-AS1, a SOX2-mediated lncRNA, activates EMT process through RBBP4/HDAC1/E-cadherin axis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Liying , Lu Juntao , Xu Tongxin , Yan Zhaoyang , Guo Yanli , Dong Zhiming , Guo Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Kinectin 1 antisense RNA 1 (KTN1-AS1), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), has been proved to have tumor-promoting properties and its expression is enhanced in several human tumors. However, the role of KTN1-AS1 in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression status, functional roles, and molecular mechanisms of KTN1-AS1 in the development of ESCC. Considerable upregulation of KTN1-AS1 was confirmed in esophageal cancer cells and ESCC tissues and its expression was associated with TNM stage, pathological differentiation, and lymph node metastasis. SOX2 directly activated transcription of KTN1-AS1, and overexpression of KTN1-AS1 facilitated ESCC cells proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, KTN1-AS1 could bind to retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RBBP4) in the nucleus and enhanced its binding with histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby activating the EMT process through downregulating E-cadherin expression at the epigenetic level. In conclusion, KTN1-AS1, induced by SOX2, acts as a tumor-promoting gene and may serve as a potential therapeutic and prognostic biomarker for ESCC.
Revealing increasingly detailed insights in animal behaviours using continuous on-board processing of accelerometer data
Authors: Yu Hui , Deng Jian , Leen Trent , Li Guozheng , Klaassen Marcel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies of animal behaviour, ecology and physiology are continuously benefitting from progressing biologging techniques, including the collection of accelerometer data to infer animal behaviours and energy expenditures. In one of the most recent technological advances in this space, on-board processing of raw accelerometer data into animal behaviours proofed highly energy, weight and cost efficient allowing for continuous behavioural data collection in addition to regular positional data in a wide range of animal tracking studies.
Methods
We implemented this latest development in collecting continuous behaviour records from 6 Pacific Black Ducks Anas superciliosa to evaluate some of this novel technique’s potential advantages over tracking studies lacking behavioural data or recording accelerometer data intermittently only. We (i) compared the discrepancy of time-activity budgets between continuous records and behaviours sampled with different intervals, (ii) compared total daily distance flown using hourly GPS fixes with and without additional behavioural data and (iii) explored how behaviour records can provide additional insights for animal home range studies.
Results
Using a total 591 days of behaviour records across six individual ducks distinguishing eight different behaviours, we illustrated the improvement that is obtained in time-activity budget accuracy if continuous rather than interval-sampled accelerometer data is used. Notably for rare behaviours such as flying and running, error ratios > 1 were common when sampling intervals exceeded 10 minutes. Using 72 days of hourly GPS fixes in combination with continuous behaviour records over the same period in one individual duck, we showed behaviour-based daily distance estimation is significantly higher (up to 540%) than the distance calculated from hourly sampled GPS fixes. Also, with the same 72 days of data for one individual duck, we showed how this individual used specific sites within its entire home range to satisfy specific needs (e.g., roosting and foraging).
Conclusions
We showed that by using trackers allowing for continuous recording of animal behaviour, substantial improvements in the estimation of time-activity budgets and daily traveling distances can be made. With integrating behaviour into home-range estimation we also highlight that this novel tracking technique may not only improve estimations but also open new avenues in animal behaviour research, importantly improving our knowledge of an animal’s state while it is roaming the landscape.
Impact damage suppression of woven composites subject to pulse current
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Fusheng , Huang Chenguang , Han Chunyong , Shi Xuguang , Guo Linjing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
3D orthogonal woven composites are receiving increasing attention with the ever-growing market of composites industries. New challenge what we face to is how the damage tolerance improve in such composites with orthogonal and layer-to-layer structure under both mechanical and extreme environment. In this paper, a novel impact damage suppression strategy is proposed by combining structural and electromagnetic properties to realize advanced functionalities. An integrated experimental platform is designed with a power system, a drop-testing machine and data acquisition devices to investigate the synergistic effects of pulse current and impact force on composites. Experimental results exhibit that pulse current can effectively reduce delamination damage and residual deformation. A multi-field coupled damage model is developed to analyze the evolutions of temperature, current and damage. The microcrack formation and extrusion deformation in yarns causes the local current redistribution in carbon fibers, and its interaction with the self-field produces an obvious anti-impact effect. The obtained results reveal the mechanism of damage suppression and provide a potential orientation for improving damage tolerance of these composites.
A method to solve over-cutting of forming dressing in continuous generating grinding for face gear
Authors: Li Guolong , Chen Rongchen , He Kun , Wang Shilong , Wang Ziyu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In order to realize the precision dressing of worm grinding wheel of face gear, this paper studies the over-cutting phenomenon of worm grinding wheel in forming dressing and puts forward the solution. Combined with the forming principle of face gear worm and forming dressing method, the influence of continuous dressing method on grinding wheel helix and the relative position between the dresser and the worm are expounded. Based on the numerical simulation model and the actual machining phenomenon, two kinds of over-cutting phenomenon are discovered. In order to ensure the surface integrity of grinding wheel in continuous processing, the reasons and laws of over-cutting are deeply analyzed. The first kind of over-cutting can be eliminated by increasing the angle between the extended line and the axis on the dresser, and a method of estimating the minimum angle is proposed to more reasonable design the dresser; The second kind of over-cutting can be eliminated by choosing proper dressing interval while ensuring the utilization efficiency of worm, and the selection criteria of dressing interval in continuous dressing is put forward. To verify the proposed methods, digital model, Vericut and SolidWorks are applied and the results show that the proposed method can effectively solve the over-cutting problem.
Complications associated with plate fixation for adult distal humerus fractures : A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Han Soo-Hong , Park Jin Sung , Baek Jong Hun , Lee Jun-Ku , Ku Ki Hyeok 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Open reduction and plate fixation are the preferred treatment options for most distal humerus fractures in adults. However, it is often challenging for orthopedic surgeons because of the complex anatomy and the difficulty in achieving stable fixation. This multicenter study aimed to analyze the complication types and rates of patients with distal humerus fractures treated with open reduction and plate fixation, and compare the results with those found in the literature. In addition, we describe the clinical outcomes.Methods: This retrospective multicenter study was conducted between September 2001 and March 2021, and included data from four hospitals. In total, 349 elbows underwent surgical treatment at these hospitals during the study period. Patients >17 years of age who were treated by plate fixation were included, and patients who were treated by other fixation methods were excluded. A total of 170 patients were included in the study. The following types of complications were investigated: (1) nerve-related; (2) fixation- and instrument-related; (3) osteosynthesis-related; (4) infection; and (5) others.Results: The following complications were found: (1) 26 (15.3%) cases of postoperative ulnar nerve symptoms; 4 (2.4%) of postoperative radial nerve symptoms; (2) one (0.6%) case of screw joint penetration and screw loosening; and eight (4.7%) cases of hardware removal due to instrument skin irritation; (3) seven (4.1%) cases of nonunion; (4) two (1.2%) and four (2.2%) cases of superficial and deep infection, respectively, and seven (3.9%) cases of wound complication; and (5) 37 (21.8%) cases of heterotrophic ossification, 79 (46.5%) cases of elbow stiffness (did not achieve functional range of motion [ROM]), and 41 (24.1%) cases of osteoarthritis over Broberg and Morrey Grade I.Paradoxically, the postoperative ulnar nerve symptoms were more frequent in the prophylactic ulnar nerve anterior transposition group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.086). The mean ROM was 123.5° flexion to 9.5° extension. The average Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score was 14.5±15.6.Conclusions: Open reduction and plate fixation for distal humeral fractures is a reasonable treatment option with acceptable complication rates and favorable clinical outcomes. Surgeons must be vigilant about ulnar nerve complications.Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III