bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Main pests of grain crops and phytosanitary condition in 2021—2021
Authors: Fedorenko A. , Bakhmut O. , Borisenko V. , Neverovskaya T. 
Published: January 2022

Goal. Development analysis of harmful organisms in cereal crops, to determine the economic feasibility of applying plant protection measures.
Methods. To assess the phytosanitary state of crops, and its dynamic changes, the following are used: — the results of phytosanitary monitoring of crops (according to generally accepted methods), which were carried out directly by the staff of the forecast laboratory of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS; — current reports of researchers from other laboratories of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS from the places of business trips; — materials of decadal reports of regional plant protection stations, as well as signaling and forecasting points; — information on the phytosanitary situation from regional state research stations and institutes of NAAS.
Results. A study of the phytosanitary state of cereal crops on the territory of Ukraine was carried out, the dominant species of pests were identified, regarding the of the phytosanitary state in the conditions of the year, and a long-term (annual) forecast of the development of pests for the next year was drawn up, based on the appropriate analysis of the data obtained.
Conclusions. In recent years, climate change in Ukraine has manifested itself through an increase in the average annual temperature, and an increase in the sum of effective temperatures. A decrease in the zone of sufficient soil moisture was noted, its line shifted to the north. Under the influence of abiotic factors, pests constantly change the boundaries of their habitat and zones of damage, therefore reliable protection of crops is impossible under constant gradually monitoring, constant clarification of the species composition of phytophages, and phytosanitary forecast. Improved methodological approaches for assessing the phytosanitary state of agrocenoses and the promptness of obtaining relevant data will allow agricultural producers to make timely decisions on the economic feasibility of using certain plant protection products.
Dynamics of the number of grape thrips (Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel.) in grape agrocenoses of the Southern Black Sea region of Ukraine
Authors: Baranets L. , Balan H. , Perepelytsya O. , Leshchenko A. 
Published: January 2022

Goal. To study population dynamics of grape thrips (Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel.) and determine the factors influencing the increase in the number and harmfulness in grape agrocenoses of the southern Black Sea region of Ukraine.
Methods. Field surveys of vine plantations and counts of the number of pests were carried out according to generally accepted methods during 2017—2020 in conditions of research farms SE «EF Suvorov’s» and SE «EF Tairove» NSC «V.Ye. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking».
Results. It was found that in the conditions of the southern Black Sea zone of Ukraine there is an increase in the species composition and area of sucking phytophages in grape agrocenoses, especially some species of thrips. Among herbivorous thrips, species characteristic of this zone grape (Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel.) and tobacco (Thrips tabaci Lind.), several more harmful species appeared: variegated (Frankliniella intonsa Trybom), yellow (Thrips flavus Schrank), nightshade (Thrips fuscipennis Haliday), pear (Taeniothrips inconsequens Usel) and greenhouse (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis Bouche). The number of thrips on grape leaves during the growing season is low — 0.3—4.8 motile individuals per 100 cm2 of leaf surface (corresponding to one average leaf), but the difference between susceptible and tolerant varieties can be traced even with a small presence of thrips. The highest degree of infestation and leaf damage was recorded in grape varieties without pubescence or with weakly pubescending leaves.
Conclusions. Based on the results of the long-term (2017—2020) monitoring of the phytosanitary state of industrial grape plantations in the southern Black Sea region, it has been established that Thrips (Thysanoptera) occupy an important place among pests, the most common are grape thrips (Drepanothrips reuteri Uzel.), The mass development of which occurs every year during the flowering period of grapes. Research has established that the varietal composition of grape plantations and features climatic conditions of the southern Black Sea coast of Ukraine are favorable for overwintering, development, distribution and accumulation of numbers grape thrips and other sucking pests. It makes you spend constant monitoring, determination of biophenology in order to develop effective methods of regulating their quantity and harmfulness.
Dijital Minimalizm: Ekran Bağımlılığı ve Teknoloji Yorgunluğu Sarmalından Kurtulmak İçin Bir Yol Haritası
Authors: AKKUŞ Tolga 
Published: January 2022

Dijital Minimalizm kitabı Georgetown Üniversitesi'nde bilgisayar bilimi doçenti olarak görev yapan Cal Newport tarafından kaleme alınmıştır. Kitabın yazarı eserini "Ekran bağımlılığı ve teknoloji yorgunluğu sarmalından kurtulmak için bir yol haritası" olarak tanımlamaktadır... Yeni Medya Uzmanı Tolga Akkuş'un TRT Akademi Dergisinin "Sosyal Medya" sayısı içim kaleme aldığı kitap değerlendirme yazısıdır.
Psikopolitika ve Özgürlüğün Krizi
Authors: ALPER Halil 
Published: January 2022

Byung Chul Han’a göre insan artık birey değil hayatı verilerle ölçülebilir, hesaplanabilir bir başarı ve performans öznesidir. Dataizmin kucağında nihilizme itilen günümüz toplumunda bu performans öznesi, mahremiyetini sevgilisine sunan bir âşık gibi, neoliberal düzenin yeni özgürlük tanımı içinde çıplak ve savunmasızdır. İnsanı ve toplumu mahremiyetinden arındırarak, gizli, kapalı, yabancı, başka, öteki gibi
özelliklerinden soyutlayarak aynılık cehenneminde kendini sömüren bir başarı ve performans öznesine dönüştüren neoliberal düzen yeni bir iktidar tekniği kullanmaktadır. Düşman artık dışarıda değil içeride konumlanmış, kendini sömüren ve bundan da zevk alan yeni bir insan tipolojisi ortaya çıkmıştır. Hegel’in köle-efendi diyalektiği iflas etmiştir. Kendini sömüren insan hem fail hem kurbandır. Bu duruma yol açan ise İkinci Aydınlanma'nın parolası sayılabilecek şeffaflıktır.... Kastamonu Üniversitesi Felsefe ve Din Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı Din Sosyolojisi Bölümü’nde Yüksek Lisans yapan Halil Alper'in TRT Akademi Dergisinin "Sosyal Medya" konulu 14. sayısı için kaleme aldığı değerlendirme yazısıdır.
Red Variable Stars in Three M81 Group Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Davidge T. J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Archival [3.6] and [4.5] images are used to identify and characterize variable stars in the Magellanic-type galaxies Holmberg II, NGC 2366, and IC 2574. Using parametric and nonparametric detection methods, 74 confirmed or suspected long-period variables (LPVs) are found. The period distributions of the LPVs in NGC 2366 and IC 2574 are similar. While the period distribution of LPVs in Ho II is uncertain due to small number statistics, there appears to be a deficiency of LPVs with periods between 550 and 650 days when compared with NGC 2366 and IC 2574. The LPVs are diffusely distributed on the sky, and do not follow the underlying light from unresolved stars, as expected if episodes of star formation within the past few hundred megayears have occurred throughout the galaxies, including their outer regions. Distances computed for Ho II and NGC 2366 from the period–luminosity relations (PLRs) agree to within ∼0.1 mag with those based on the tip of the red giant branch (RGB). Efforts to estimate an LPV-based distance modulus for IC 2574 are complicated by the presence of first overtone pulsators among LPVs with periods <600 days, although the PLR at the long-period end is consistent with the distance estimated from the RGB-tip. In addition to the LPVs, 10 candidate sgB[e] or luminous blue variables and two candidate red supergiant variables are also identified. Nine candidate sgB[e] stars that do not show evidence of variability are also identified based on their locations in the color–magnitude diagram.
Carabids species diversity in Mediterranean beech forests
Authors: Pizzolotto Roberto 
Published: January 2022

Carabid beetles are gaining more and more attention in applied studies on environmental monitoring or evaluation of natural resources, probably because they can be used as model organisms. Data on the biology and species richness and abundance of carabids could give valuable information in such applied studies, but online resources are not so informative, at least for Italy. To start filling this gap, a data table (Darwin Core formatted) was uploaded in GBIF database. The table is the result of a pitfall trapping survey of carabids living in a small part of the beech forest ecosystem of the Calabria Region (Italy). Amongst the collected species, few were very abundant, which are likely to be the characterising species of the studied ecosystem.
Online datasets of Italian carabids are absent and information about the species biology, richness and abundance often lies in hard-copy papers. The dataset provided here is the first tentative approach, at least for the Italian fauna, to propose a formal structure for data on carabids acquired by field surveys and to give open access to these data. Furthermore, the need for new Darwin Core terms was commented upon briefly.
La start-up comme nouvel esprit de l’action publique ?
Authors: Célérier Laure , Arfaoui Mehdi 
Published: January 2022

Cet article explore les transformations de l’action publique par la start-up. Il conceptualise un esprit de la start-up entendu au sens wébérien, et en souligne les effets transformateurs. L’analyse de quatre enquêtes de terrain fait ressortir des formes plurielles de « startupisation ** » de l’action publique – c’est-à-dire des transformations variées de l’action publique par la start-up – dont les traits partagés signalent un déplacement commun de l’action publique. Cette analyse met de plus en évidence un encastrement de la start-up dans la bureaucratie, de sorte que la start-up contribue essentiellement à un renouvellement, plutôt qu’à une subversion, de la conduite bureaucratisée de l’action publique.
La fondation de France et les soins palliatifs
Authors: Benamouzig Daniel , Bergeron Henri , Segret Aurélie 
Published: January 2022

Cette recherche porte sur le rôle de la Fondation de France (FDF) dans le développement des soins palliatifs en France. Alors que l’histoire des soins palliatifs en France a fait l’objet d’importants travaux depuis une vingtaine d’années, le rôle de la FDF semble être passé inaperçu. Or, elle a développé de nombreuses activités dans ce domaine, à travers le financement de projets qui concourent à la formation d’un champ organisationnel. Réalisée à partir d’entretiens et d’une consultation des archives du programme de la FDF consacré aux soins palliatifs, cette recherche montre comment ces interventions ont contribué à l’élaboration d’une politique publique en faveur des soins palliatifs. Initialement, la FDF se rapproche des promoteurs des soins palliatifs, avec lesquels elle entretient des liens d’ affinités tout en leur apportant une légitimité. Ensuite, la FDF facilite l’institutionnalisation des soins palliatifs en jouant un rôle de catalyseur auprès des acteurs favorables à son développement, y compris au sein de l’État. Enfin, la FDF établit une médiation inter-temporelle en maintenant l’attention sur cette thématique et en se faisant le courtier de ces initiatives d’une période à l’autre. La triple référence aux notions d’ affinités , de catalyse et de médiateur inter-temporel caractérise un mode d’intervention discret et indirect, qui s’est avéré efficace : il a permis la construction d’un champ organisationnel nouveau et légitime, que l’État fut bientôt en mesure de soutenir.
Investigating the Usability of Universities’ Websites: Upgrading Visualization Preference and System Performance
Authors: Shiau Gee Lilian Lee , Dasan Jakaria , Che Hassan Che Hasaruddin 
Published: January 2022

The usefulness of a web site is based on the prospect of a satisfactory website user. In improving the usefulness of a university’s website, it is essential to present precise data and disseminate prompt information to students. This paper was conducted to analyse and recommend a better process for the information display (content and work processes) of university websites development. Questionnaires were distributed and feedbacks were received from 350 respondents. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the process of (content and processes) of the university websites based on five main aspects: i) Content and Organization Structure, ii) Linkages and Navigation, iii) Language, iv) Education Content and v) Option and Performance. Analysis showed that the percentage of question items has a positive tendency in perception regarding improvements need to enhance the intensity of the university website portal, especially in terms of links, content organization and live help desk requirements that can directly provide an easier means of that can providing information and accelerating up the operation of receiving data. In summary, this study also outlines the proposal for academic websites display to increase the serviceability of the site to users.
Turnover of Murine Cytomegalovirus–Expanded CD8+ T Cells Is Similar to That of Memory Phenotype T Cells and Independent of the Magnitude of the Response
Authors: Baliu-Piqué Mariona , Drylewicz Julia , Zheng Xiaoyan , Borkner Lisa , Swain Arpit C , Otto Sigrid A , de Boer Rob J , Tesselaar Kiki , Cicin-Sain Luka , Borghans José A M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The potential of memory T cells to provide protection against reinfection is beyond question. Yet, it remains debated whether long-term T cell memory is due to long-lived memory cells. There is ample evidence that blood-derived memory phenotype CD8+ T cells maintain themselves through cell division, rather than through longevity of individual cells. It has recently been proposed, however, that there may be heterogeneity in the lifespans of memory T cells, depending on factors such as exposure to cognate Ag. CMV infection induces not only conventional, contracting T cell responses, but also inflationary CD8+ T cell responses, which are maintained at unusually high numbers, and are even thought to continue to expand over time. It has been proposed that such inflating T cell responses result from the accumulation of relatively long-lived CMV-specific memory CD8+ T cells. Using in vivo deuterium labeling and mathematical modeling, we found that the average production rates and expected lifespans of mouse CMV-specific CD8+ T cells are very similar to those of bulk memory-phenotype CD8+ T cells. Even CMV-specific inflationary CD8+ T cell responses that differ 3-fold in size were found to turn over at similar rates.
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of silver diamine fluoride, chlorhexidine varnish with conventional fluoride varnish as a caries arresting agent. An in vivo sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis study
Authors: Chhattani Barkha , Kulkarni Parimala , Agrawal Nikita , Mali Shikha , Kumar Anup , Thakur Nidhi Singh 
Published: January 2022

Introduction:
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is employed as an adjunct cariostatic agent in the management of dental caries in high-risk population. Other than fluorides, chlorhexidine (CHX) is the most potent antimicrobial and efficacious agent against Streptococcus mutans.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate and differentiate the efficacy of 38% silver diamine fluoride, CHX varnish, and fluoride varnish on carious primary teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Ninety children having a count of ≥1 carious lesion were recruited. Thirty-eighty percent silver diamine fluoride or fluoride varnish and CHX varnish were topically applied on the lesion. The primary outcome measured was the arrest of carious lesion (lesion rendered inactive as per the Nyvad criteria) after a follow-up of 14–21 days. Dental biofilm sample was obtained from each child and subsequently assessed for microbial composition by colony-forming unit method before and after treatment followed by protein analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method.

Results:
Average proportion of arrested caries lesions in the SDF group was higher followed by CHX and fluoride varnish groups. Decreased total protein amount was found in SDF group. This proves that there is decrease in microbial load posttreatment in SDF group.

Conclusion:
Thirty-eight percent SDF is more effective than CHX varnish and fluoride varnish in arresting dentin carious lesions in young children.
Comparative evaluation of anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine infiltration versus 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block for extraction of primary mandibular molars
Authors: Jain Khushboo , Katge Farhin , Chimata Vamsi Krishna , Patil Devendra , Ghadge Sanjana , Bhanushali Nikhil 
Published: January 2022

Context:
Control of pain during dental treatment is an essential aspect of pediatric dentistry.

Aims:
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine buccal infiltration with 2% lignocaine inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) for primary mandibular molar extractions.

Settings and Design:
The study was a prospective, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial.

Methods:
Bilateral symmetrical carious primary mandibular molar (n = 92) extractions in 46 healthy children aged 5–10 years were included in this randomized controlled trial. Extraction was performed on one side using 4% of articaine buccal infiltration and on the contralateral side using 2% lignocaine IANB in two subsequent appointments. Pain and behavior were assessed at baseline, during injection and extraction using Wong–Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, Modified Behavior Pain Scale (MBPS), and Frankl Behavior Rating Scale.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Values thus obtained were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance test and compared using independent samples test.

Results:
According to MBPS, the mean value of pain experienced in the form of cry during injection was reported to be more for 2% lignocaine IANB (1.76) as compared to 4% articaine buccal infiltration (1.30), which was statistically significant (P = 0.024). Comparison of behavior depicted showed no statistically significant difference between the groups.

Conclusion:
Buccal infiltration with 4% articaine can be utilized as an effective alternative to 2% lignocaine IANB for primary mandibular molar extractions.
To study problematic eating behavior and its association with early childhood caries among 36–71-month-old children using children eating behavior questionnaire
Authors: Charak Neha , Pathak Anuradha , Sidhu Haridarshan Singh 
Published: January 2022

Context:
Problematic eating behavior pattern prevalent in children can be a potential risk factor for Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Pediatric dentist must be vigilant to enquire about eating behavior pattern and guide parents comprehensively.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to find the association between problematic ECC among 36–71-month-old children.

Setting and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2000 children from both the sex and various socioeconomic backgrounds.

Methods:
A questionnaire was made to assess the personal information and problematic eating behavior of the child using Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) which was filled by parents. Clinical examinations were performed on the date of questionnaire collection and caries diagnosis was done in the dentition status part of “WHO oral health assessment form 2013.”

Statistical Analysis Used:
The software used for the statistical analysis was SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software version 16.0.

Results:
The prevalence of ECC in the study sample was 42.6%. Out of eight domains into which problematic eating behavior was divided, domains Emotional Overeating (EOE), Satiety Responsiveness (SR), Slowness of Eating (SE), Desire to Drink, Food Fussiness, and Emotional Under eating were significantly associated with ECC.

Conclusion:
There is a positive correlation between problematic eating behavior and ECC; such behavior should be recognized at early stages and interrupted so that the risk of developing caries in permanent dentition could be prevented.
Impact of oral hygiene training to Anganwadi and Accredited Social Health Activist workers on oral health of young children in tribal regions of Rajasthan State, India
Authors: Khanna Suhani Rakesh , Rao Dinesh , Panwar Sunil , Ameen Safna 
Published: January 2022

Context:
Early childhood caries is one of the most widespread diseases affecting children in urban and rural India. Community health workers can bring about a quantum of change in improving the oral health in children.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of oral health training imparted to Anganwadi and accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers on improving the oral hygiene of 148 children aged 1–6 years.

Settings and Design:
The preintervention followed by oral health training and postintervention assessment were done at three Anganwadi and ASHA centers of Rajasthan.

Methodology:
The preintervention data included Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, extracted, and filled teeth, oral hygiene indices (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified [OHI-S] and Oral Hygiene Index Simplified-Modified [OHIS-M]), plaque index, and caries activity using Oratest. The oral health training consisted of PowerPoint presentations, video presentations, live demonstrations on brushing technique, rinsing, plaque disclosure, and flossing technique. They were enlightened on deleterious oral habits, emergency protocol on trauma, etc. The postintervention data included outcome measures consisting of oral hygiene indices (OHI-S and OHIS-M), plaque index, and Oratest after 2 months to evaluate the impact of training.

Statistical Analysis used:
The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance test.

Results:
There was a significant improvement in toothbrushing practices and rinsing (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in debris index, calculus index, OHI-S/OHIS-M, plaque index, and Oratest after intervention (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Empowering Anganwadi and ASHA workers can be a feasible approach in India, where oral health is not a priority in primary health care as yet.