bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the flocking behavior of Katahdin and Rambouillet sheep breeds in an extensive range environment using GPS technology
Authors: Wilson Carrie S. , Taylor J. Bret , Spiess Jonathan W. , Wilmer Hailey 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
There is considerable interest in the suitability of the farm-flock Katahdin hair sheep breed for large-scale extensive range sheep production systems. Flocking behavior or “flockability”, a measure of gregariousness, is critical for sheep to produce in extensive, herded management systems. An evaluation of the Katahdin breed in a Western U.S. range environment compared to the traditional range-adapted Rambouillet breed is underway. The objective was to compare the flockability of range-reared Katahdin ewes to Rambouillet ewes during the summer grazing season using GPS collars. Flockability was measured by how far a ewe was dispersed from the centroid of the study flock and the total daily distance traveled compared to the study flock.

Results
Complete GPS coordinates were available from 23 Rambouillet and 29 Katahdin ewes in 2023 and five Rambouillet and five Katahdin ewes in 2024. Study groups were managed in bands of 800–1,000 ewes with lambs. During the day, the Katahdin breed had a farther dispersion from the study flock centroid for one of the study groups (P < 0.05), the Rambouillet breed was more dispersed for one study group (P < 0.05), and the breeds did not differ for one study group (P > 0.05). The effect size, measured using Cohen’s d, was small for all groups. The daily distance traveled was farther for the Rambouillet breed in two study groups (P < 0.05) when compared to the Katahdin breed, but did not differ for the other study group (P > 0.05). The effect size was low regardless of significance. When individual ewes were compared, both breeds had ewes that were either closer or farther away from the flock centroid (P < 0.05) or ewes that traveled farther or shorter daily distance (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The Katahdin breed was similar in flockability to the traditional, range-adapted Rambouillet breed, indicating that the Katahdin breed is well suited for grazing in an extensive range environment. This study indicates the Katahdin breed exhibits favorable behavioral characteristics to flock well in large-scale extensive range systems and provides an opportunity for Western U.S. producers interested in incorporating this breed into their flock.
A machine learning-based recommendation framework for material extrusion fabricated triply periodic minimal surface lattice structures
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Lee Carman Ka Man , Tsang Yung Po , Waqar Saad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Lattice structures (LS) have been utilized in various fields, from engineering to biomedical sciences. In the lattice structures, the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) LS attains benefits in terms of higher productivity and less material usage, a step towards greener 3D printing. However, no automated system exists that can effectively recommend LS parameters to reduce material waste, which is often neglected in traditional methods. To overcome these challenges, this study presents a machine learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) based framework recommending TPMS LS according to specific requirements. Initially, a dataset of 144 samples was created using the Material Extrusion (ME) technique. The four TPMS LS were chosen (Split-P, Gyroid, Diamond, and Schwarz) and manufactured with Polylactic acid (PLA). This dataset was used to train both ML and DL algorithms. ML algorithms included Bayesian regression (BR), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and DL algorithm convolutional neural network (CNN). These models were used to predict the key parameters of TPMS LS, including wall thickness, unit cell type, loading direction, and unit cell size. Extensive testing was performed to evaluate the performance of the algorithms, employing R-squared values and root mean square error (RMSE). The results showed that the machine learning models, specifically the RF and DT algorithms, performed the best, achieving R-squared scores of 0.993 and 1.0 and RMSE scores of 0.1180 and 0.0795, respectively. The deep learning model, CNN, achieved an RMSE value of 0.46 and an R-squared score of 97%. This study not only contributes to a better understanding of automated TPMS lattice structures but also has significant implications for sustainable design and innovation, particularly in enhancing efficient and environmentally friendly 3D printing technologies.
Narrative visualizations: Depicting accumulating risks and increasing trust in data
Authors: Fansher Madison , Walls Logan , Hao Chenxu , Subramonyam Hari , Boduroglu Aysecan , Shah Priti , Witt Jessica K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In contexts where people lack prior knowledge and risk awareness—such as the COVID-19 pandemic—even truthful visualizations of data can seem surprising. This can lead people to mistrust the veracity of the data and to discount it, leading to poor risk decisions. In this work, we illustrate how narrative visualizations can achieve a balance between the benefits of three common risk communication mediums (static visualizations, interactive simulations, and affect-laden anecdotes). We demonstrate empirically that viewing a narrative visualization mitigates the reduced concern induced by a static visualization when communicating COVID-19 transmission risk (Study 1). Through mediation analysis, we show that narrative visualizations are more effective than static visualizations at increasing concern about large risks because they increase one’s perceived understanding and trust in data (Study 2). We argue that narrative visualizations deserve attention as a distinct class of visualizations that have the potential to be powerful tools for scientific communication (especially in contexts where data are surprising, and empiricism is important).
Comparative content analysis of national health policies, strategies and plans before and after COVID-19 among OECD and BRICS countries
Authors: Song Jialu , Zhu Ziqi , Li Qi , Chen Ying , Wang Zhebin , Zhou Shuduo , Xu Ming , Zheng Zhi-Jie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant limitations in health systems worldwide and emphasized the need for updated National Health Policies, Strategies, and Plans (NHPSPs). This study aimed to evaluate the NHPSPs of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, it explored each country’s commitment to strengthening health systems to address health threats and analyzed the specific changes made.

Methods
NHPSP documents from the WHO document repository and official governmental websites were systematically searched. Data were extracted using a standardized template. A coding framework was inductively developed to sort qualitative texts into categories, with frequencies calculated and weighting evaluated, followed by organizing underlying content into subthemes.

Results
Out of 154 documents initially identified, 36 met the screening criteria, covering 14 OECD and 3 BRICS countries. The most predominant theme was prevention (88.9% pre-pandemic, 99.4% post-pandemic), which was addressed as a primary theme in 26 included NHPSPs. After the COVID-19 pandemic, 6 out of 14 analyzed themes saw higher occurrences, among which infection prevention and control (22.2–50.0%) and resilience to health crisis (22.2–44.4%) increased most significantly. Themes mainstreamed in post-pandemic NHPSPs included prevention (94.4%), health research and technology (61.1%), and One Health (66.7%). Primary healthcare emerged as the most concerned subtheme under prevention. Notably, OECD countries displayed more increased occurrences of themes (13 out of 14) or increased emphasis on themes with similar occurrences before and after COVID-19, while BRICS countries only differed in infection control. Additionally, OECD and BRICS countries varied in their subthemes and specific actions under similar primary themes.

Conclusions
COVID-19 exposed vulnerabilities in many countries' health systems, highlighting the need to build resilient health infrastructures through the optimization of NHPSPs. However, only about half of the OECD and BRICS countries have implemented new NHPSPs since the pandemic. Our findings highlight the critical need for global health system reforms and offer actionable recommendations for other countries in formulating their NHPSPs.
Endophytic Bacillus spp. of coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) and its potential in the biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi and Lepidoptera larvae
Authors: de Castro Marcelo Tavares , de Lima Ferreira Antônia Débora Camila , do Nascimento Izabela Nunes , Rocha Gabriela Teodoro , Celestino Matheus Felipe , Freire Ítalo Alves , Moreira Isabela Cardoso Farias , Gomes Giovana Cidade , dos Reis Cunha Breno Beda , Montalvão Sandro Coelho Linhares , Moreira Flávia Melo , Monnerat Rose Gomes 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Research with coffee (Coffea arabica L., Rubiaceae) endophytic microorganisms demonstrates that there is a rich microbiota that has diverse abilities to protect plants and act against phytopathogens. Therefore, the isolation and knowledge of endophytic microorganisms are important for future explorations aimed at using promising strains in controlling pests and diseases and promoting plant growth. The present work aimed to: (i) isolate and identify endophytic Bacillus strains from leaves of C. arabica plants; (ii) carry out the morphological and molecular characterization; (iii) evaluate the mycelial inhibition capacity of soil phytopathogens in vitro; (iv) and evaluate the pathogenicity of the strains against the tested lepidopteran insect pests.

Results
As a result, three species of Bacillus were isolated: B. mycoides, B. thuringiensis and B. velezensis. B. thuringiensis was virulent to Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverpa armigera, Chrysodeixis includens and Diatraea saccharalis and showed 100% pest mortality, and the lethal concentration (LC50 values) was estimated: 6.78 × 103 spores/ml to S. frugiperda; 6.23 × 102 spores/ml to H. armigera; 9.28 × 102 spores/ml to C. includens; and 5.81 × 101 spores/ml to D. saccharalis. In total, seven genes related to pathogenicity in insects were found in B. thuringiensis based on genome: cry1Ab24, cry1Bd2, cry2Aa9, cry2Ab41, cry1Ea7, cry1Ia37 and Spp1Aa1. Furthermore, B. velezensis was able to inhibit the growth of phytopathogens: Fusarium oxysporum (49%), Rhizoctonia solani (72%) and Macrophomina phaseolina (65%) and provided above 50% mortality on S. frugiperda and C. includens. Regarding B. mycoides, it was not efficient in inhibiting the growth of pathogens and causing pest mortality.

Conclusion
Two (B. thuringiensis and B. velezensis) of three endophytic bacteria isolated from coffee leaves showed potential to use in biological control of important pests and phytopathogens of agriculture, with high mortality of lepidopteran larvae in laboratory with B. thurigiensis and high mycelial inhibition with B. velezensis. More studies with these two strains must be carried out in greenhouse and in field to prove its beneficial properties.
Measuring energy expenditure in Göttingen Minipigs using indirect calorimetry: validation and methodological considerations
Authors: Bredum Simon K. , Jacobsen Julie , Cirera Susanna , Christoffersen Berit Ø. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Obesity affects nearly a billion people globally and is associated with various health consequences. Current anti-obesity medications primarily target appetite, but drug candidates that modulate energy expenditure (EE) and substrate utilization based on respiratory exchange ratio (RER) are also essential to continuously improve the treatment modalities for people living with obesity. Selecting appropriate animal models and methods is crucial to improving translational value in preclinical research. While pig obesity models provide a relevant alternative to rodent models due to their similarities to humans, little is known about the assessment and translatability of EE in pigs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the translatability of minipigs for assessing the effect of EE-modulating drugs using indirect calorimetry and three positive control compounds that have known effects on EE and/or RER in humans. The study consisted of five sub-studies: Sub-study 1 assessed EE and RER based on sex (male/female) and diet (chow/high-fat diet) with and without correction for body composition; Sub-studies 2–4 evaluated changes in EE and RER after treatment with three positive control compounds: 2,4-dinitrophenol, DNP; a glucagon receptor agonist, GCG-RA; and a melanocortin receptor 4 agonist, MC4-RA; and sub-study 5 established three predictive equations for resting metabolic rate.

Results
Sub-study 1 resulted in detectable differences in EE and RER based on diet/body sizes (P-value < 0.0001), while EE adjusted for body composition resulted in differences based on sex (P-value < 0.0001). Sub-studies 2–4 revealed that the three pharmacological interventions known to affect EE in humans, DNP, GCG-RA, and MC4-RA, showed similar effects in the Göttingen Minipigs by significantly increasing EE by 26.1% (P-value: 0.0014), 21.3% (P-value: 0.0491), and 25.4% (P-value: 0.0013), respectively, emphasizing the translational value of the model. In sub-study 5, three predictive equations were established for RMR based on body composition, demographic and anthropometric measurements, and the most accurate equation based on all variables. All three equations demonstrated acceptable accuracy (adjusted R2: 0.73–0.85).

Conclusions
The present study qualifies the use of Göttingen Minipigs for investigating EE in preclinical research and provides a framework for conducting such research.
Obstructed infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with patent ductus venosus: possibility of emergency palliation
Authors: Singh Damandeep , Pandey Niraj Nirmal , Thomas Joseph , Gupta Saurabh Kumar , Jagia Priya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Patients with obstructed infra-cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) require urgent intervention to relieve the obstruction, with or without restoration of anatomical continuity between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium. In cases of infra-cardiac TAPVC draining into the inferior vena cava (IVC) or hepatic vein, the obstructed channel can be accessed via the systemic venous approach for endovascular palliation. However, in cases of infra-cardiac TAPVC draining into the portal venous system, an endovascular approach to the obstructed channel is not possible via the transfemoral route and may require direct percutaneous puncture of the splenoportal axis.

Case presentation
A 45-day-old boy presented with acute respiratory distress and cyanosis. CT angiography demonstrated infra-cardiac TAPVC with a focal critical stenosis in the descending channel, just proximal to its confluence with the portal vein. Incidentally, a vascular channel connecting the left branch of the main portal vein and the intra-hepatic IVC suggestive of a patent ductus venosus was noted. The patent ductus venosus would allow access to the site of obstruction (transfemoral venous approach → IVC → patent ductus venosus → left portal vein → main portal vein → obstructed descending common channel) to achieve emergency palliation by dilating the obstructed segment and subsequently, stenting the ductus venosus to circumvent the distal obstruction at the portal venous sinusoids.

Conclusion
The present case highlights the role of CT angiography in delineating cardiovascular anatomy and demonstrating alternate vascular pathways that may be utilized for performing palliative endovascular procedures.
A type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptor-perineuronal net axis shapes the function of cortical GABAergic interneurons in chronic pain
Authors: Mascio Giada , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Battaglia Giuseppe , Notartomaso Serena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons (basket and chandelier cells) regulate the firing rate of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex and play a key role in the generation of network oscillations in the cerebral cortex. A growing body of evidence suggest that cortical PV+ interneurons become overactive in chronic pain and contribute to nociceptive sensitization by inhibiting a top-down analgesic pathway. Here, we provide further support to this hypothesis showing that intracortical infusion of the GABA

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receptor antagonist, bicuculline, caused analgesia in a mouse model of chronic inflammatory pain, although it reduced pain thresholds in healthy mice. We propose that mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptors and perineuronal nets (PNNs) shape the activity of PV+ interneurons in chronic pain, generating a form of maladaptive plasticity that enhances behavioural pain responses. mGlu5 receptors might be locally targeted by drugs activated by light delivered in cortical regions of the pain matrix, whereas the density of PNNs enwrapping PV+ interneurons might be reduced by local activation of PNN-degrading enzyme, such as type-9 matrix metalloproteinase. These strategies, which may require invasive treatments, might be beneficial in the management of severe pain which is refractory to conventional pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.
Routes to stratified turbulence and temporal intermittency revealed by a cluster-based network model of experimental data
Authors: Lefauve Adrien , Cheung Yui Hin Marvil , Jiang Xianyang , Couchman Miles M. P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Modelling fluid turbulence using a 'skeleton' of coherent structures has traditionally progressed by focusing on a few canonical laboratory experiments such as pipe flow and Taylor-Couette flow. We here consider the stratified inclined duct, a sustained shear flow whose density stratification allows for the exploration of a wealth of new coherent and intermittent states at significantly higher Reynolds numbers than in unstratified flows. We automatically identify the underlying turbulent skeleton of this experiment with a data-driven method combining dimensionality reduction and unsupervised clustering of shadowgraph visualisations. We demonstrate the existence of multiple types of turbulence across parameter space and intermittent cycling between them, revealing distinct transition pathways. With a cluster-based network model of intermittency we uncover patterns in the transition probabilities and residence times under increasing levels of turbulent dissipation. Our method and results pave the way for new reduced-order models of multi-physics turbulence.
Analysis of the chemotherapy effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide on breast cancer and the effects of PCR, ORR, and CBR
Authors: Liu Youzhong , Gong Ke , Yuan Songlin , Xu Yong 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the chemotherapy effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide on breast cancer and the effects of PCR, ORR and CBR.
Methods: This was a retrospective study. During the period from January 2022 to December 2023, ninety patients with breast cancer who were treated in The First People’s Hospital of Changde City were included as the research objects. Based on the principle of randomized control, the above patients were divided into the control group (45 cases, treated with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide) and the observation group (45 cases, treated with albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide) by the random number table. Compared the chemotherapy effect and safety of the two groups.
Results: After treatment, the PCR, ORR and CBR of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, while the levels of CA152, CA125, TPS, HER-2, Ki-67 and EGFR were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 33.33% (15/45), which was slightly higher than that of 28.89% (13/45) in the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide is a safe regimen that can further enhance the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, and it has a certain value for dissemination in the treatment of breast cancer can further enhance the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients, which is of certain value for clinical promotion.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.9861
How to cite this: Liu Y, Gong K, Yuan S, Xu Y. Analysis of the chemotherapy effect of albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with pirarubicin and cyclophosphamide on breast cancer and the effects of PCR, ORR, and CBR. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(3):769-773. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.3.9861
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Por um outro princípio de realidade: novos lugares e motivos sociais da negação segundo Herbert Marcuse
Authors: Schütz Rosalvo 
Published: February 2025

Por um outro princípio de realidade: novos lugares e motivos sociais da negação segundo Herbert Marcuse
Resumo: Segundo Marcuse, a identificação do proletariado industrial como sendo o único sujeito de transformações sociais efetivas no capitalismo não se coaduna mais com a realidade. Essa convicção o levou a buscar ampliar o próprio conceito de negação herdado da tradição marxiana. Apoiado e superando a teoria freudiana do "princípio de realidade", Marcuse desenvolveu uma teoria de transformação social baseada em aspectos qualitativos, centrados na capacidade de subsidiar novos princípios de realidade que não o capitalista. Julgou encontrar alguns desses aspectos potencialmente revolucionários em temas como a sensibilidade, a estética, os movimentos sociais e na transformação radical das próprias necessidades e aspirações.
Palavras-chave: Princípio de desempenho. Mudança qualitativa. Reabilitação instintiva.
Por um outro princípio de realidade: novos lugares e motivos sociais da negação segundo Herbert Marcuse
Abstract: In accordance with Marcuse, the industrial proletariat identification as the only subject of effective social transformations in capitalism does not correspond with the reality. This conviction took him to magnify his own negation concept inherited from Marx’s tradition. He supported and overcame Freud’s reality principle theory; Marcuse developed a social transformation theory based on qualitative aspects, centered in the ability to subside new reality principles other than the capitalism. He was judged to find some of these aspects potentially revolutionary in themes such as sensibility, esthetics, social movements and in the radical transformations of his own necessities and aspirations.
Keywords: Performance principle. Qualitative change. Instinctive rehabilitation.
Data de registro:13/06/2012
Data de aceite:28/01/2013