bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified guar gum: An alternative source for printing of cotton fabric with reactive dye
Authors: Khajeh Mehrizi Mohammad , Jokar Mostafa , Sadeghyan Tayebah , Azizi Mohammad Erfan , Rahmani Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe alginate thickener is the thickener frequently used for reactive printing of textile. The thickener responds with reactive pigments and thus does not lead to the fabric composition becoming stiffer. In this study, we prepared oxidised natural guar gum with hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide. All other polysaccharides comprise reactive hydroxyl units with a stronger reactivity that must be replaced if they are to be used in reactive printing. Guar derivatives were synthesised and verified using Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Natural thickeners, synthetic guar gum derivatives, have been employed in textile printing technique. In comparison to other synthetic thickeners, modified environmental guar gum polymer has been shown to be an ecologically friendly and low‐cost thickener. Cotton fabric printed with modified guar thickening with hydrogen peroxide has even stronger colour strength than fabric printed with sodium alginate thickener, which is highly favourable. Penetration properties, colour value, colour strength, colour fastness to washing, light and rubbing was compared with alginate thickener (readily available on the market). Guar gum thickeners showed enhanced features versus sodium alginate for reactive printing. Partially replaced guar gum is an appropriate option due to the colour and physical properties.
Instrumental shade sorting of coloured fabrics using genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation
Authors: Hasanlou Elham , Shams‐Nateri Ali , Izadan Hossein 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present research by combination of Clemson Colour Clustering (CCC) instrumental shade sorting method and two metaheuristic algorithms, a genetic algorithm (GA) and a particle swarm optimisation (PSO), two new shade sorting methods, called CCCGA and CCCPSO were proposed. Then these proposed methods were applied on 16 well‐prepered colour sets made of coloured fabrics and their results were compared using some important performance evaluation factors. The results of the methods were also compared with conventional CCC shade sorting method and a method based on CCC combined with k‐means technique (CCCk). The results obtained from various shade sorting methods showed that the CCCGA and CCCPSO methods successfully sorted the coloured fabrics with high efficiency, and their results slightly outperformed the results of the CCC method.
G3BP1 coordinates lysophagy activity to protect against compression‐induced cell ferroptosis during intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Li Shuai , Liao Zhiwei , Yin Huipeng , Liu Ouyang , Hua Wenbin , Wu Xinghuo , Zhang Yukun , Gao Yong , Yang Cao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLysophagy is a form of selective autophagy to remove unwanted lysosomes. However, its role in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remains unclear. We intended to investigate the relationship between lysophagy and ferroptosis, as well as the potential involved molecules during IDD. Human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells were obtained from clinical patients. The protein levels, protein colocalization and cellular reactive oxygen species levels were assessed by western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry, respectively. The in vivo experiments were conducted based on the needle puncture‐induced IDD model in rats. Compression pressure induces the lysophagy inactivation and lysosomal damage, resulting in iron overload and ferroptosis in human NP cells. Notably, Ras GTPase‐activating protein‐binding proteins 1 (G3BP1) resides at lysosomes to coordinate lysophagy activity mainly via the function of G3BP1/TSC2 complex. Dysfunction of G3BP1/TSC2 complex accelerates the lysosomal damage and ferroptosis in NP cells. Besides, inhibition of mTOR signalling ameliorates lysosomal damage and protects against cell ferroptosis. The in vivo experiments also demonstrate that the G3BP1/mTOR signalling is involved in the progression of IDD. These findings illustrate the relationship between lysophagy and compression‐induced cell ferroptosis. It also indicates the positive role of G3BP1 and may provide potential targets for IDD treatment.
Antihypertensive treatment changes and related clinical outcomes in older hospitalized patients
Authors: Cicco Sebastiano , D′Abbondanza Marco , Proietti Marco , Zaccone Vincenzo , Pes Chiara , Caradio Federica , Mattioli Massimo , Piano Salvatore , Marra Alberto Maria , Nobili Alessandro , Mannucci Pier Mannuccio , Pietrangelo Antonello , Sesti Giorgio , Buzzetti Elena , Salzano Andrea , Cimellaro Antonio ,   Giovani Internisti Società Italiana di Medicina Interna (GIS‐SIMI) and of the REPOSI Investigators
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypertension management in older patients represents a challenge, particularly when hospitalized.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the determinants and related outcomes of antihypertensive drug prescription in a cohort of older hospitalized patients.MethodsA total of 5671 patients from REPOSI (a prospective multicentre observational register of older Italian in‐patients from internal medicine or geriatric wards) were considered; 4377 (77.2%) were hypertensive. Minimum treatment (MT) for hypertension was defined according to the 2018 ESC guidelines [an angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme‐inhibitor (ACE‐I) or an angiotensin‐receptor‐blocker (ARB) with a calcium‐channel‐blocker (CCB) and/or a thiazide diuretic; if >80 years old, an ACE‐I or ARB or CCB or thiazide diuretic]. Determinants of MT discontinuation at discharge were assessed. Study outcomes were any cause rehospitalization/all cause death, all‐cause death, cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization/death, CV death, non‐CV death, evaluated according to the presence of MT at discharge.ResultsHypertensive patients were older than normotensives, with a more impaired functional status, higher burden of comorbidity and polypharmacy. A total of 2233 patients were on MT at admission, 1766 were on MT at discharge. Discontinuation of MT was associated with the presence of comorbidities (lower odds for diabetes, higher odds for chronic kidney disease and dementia). An adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that MT for hypertension at discharge was associated with lower risk of all‐cause death, all‐cause death/hospitalization, CV death, CV death/hospitalization and non‐CV death.ConclusionsGuidelines‐suggested MT for hypertension at discharge is associated with a lower risk of adverse clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, changes in antihypertensive treatment still occur in a significant proportion of older hospitalized patients.
The implications of optional practical training reforms on international student enrollments and quality
Authors: Amuedo‐Dorantes Catalina , Shih Kevin , Xu Huanan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Optional Practical Training (OPT) program allows international students to work temporarily in the United States during or directly following their studies. In 2008 the work duration was extended for eligible STEM majors, and in 2011 and 2012 the list of eligible majors was expanded. Using administrative records, we examine how these reforms impacted the enrollment and quality of international students. OPT reforms raised matriculation of international students in bachelor's and master's programs by 18% and 30%, respectively. Additionally, they improved the quality of students, as exemplified by greater scholarship/fellowship funding and matriculation into highly selective universities.
Genetic variation in the dopamine system is associated with mixed‐strategy decision‐making in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Parr Ashley C. , Riek Heidi C. , Coe Brian C. , Pari Giovanna , Masellis Mario , Marras Connie , Munoz Douglas P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDecision‐making during mixed‐strategy games requires flexibly adapting choice strategies in response to others' actions and dynamically tracking outcomes. Such decisions involve diverse cognitive processes, including reinforcement learning, which are affected by disruptions to the striatal dopamine system. We therefore investigated how genetic variation in dopamine function affected mixed‐strategy decision‐making in Parkinson's disease (PD), which involves striatal dopamine pathology. Sixty‐six PD patients (ages 49–85, Hoehn and Yahr Stages 1–3) and 22 healthy controls (ages 54–75) competed in a mixed‐strategy game where successful performance depended on minimizing choice biases (i.e., flexibly adapting choices trial by trial). Participants also completed a fixed‐strategy task that was matched for sensory input, motor outputs and overall reward rate. Factor analyses were used to disentangle cognitive from motor aspects within both tasks. Using a within‐subject, multi‐centre design, patients were examined on and off dopaminergic therapy, and genetic variation was examined via a multilocus genetic profile score representing the additive effects of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that influence dopamine transmission: rs4680 (COMT Val158Met), rs6277 (C957T) and rs907094 (encoding DARPP‐32). PD and control participants displayed comparable mixed‐strategy choice behaviour (overall); however, PD patients with genetic profile scores indicating higher dopamine transmission showed improved performance relative to those with low scores. Exploratory follow‐up tests across individual SNPs revealed better performance in individuals with the C957T polymorphism, reflecting higher striatal D2/D3 receptor density. Importantly, genetic variation modulated cognitive aspects of performance, above and beyond motor function, suggesting that genetic variation in dopamine signalling may underlie individual differences in cognitive function in PD.
Large‐scale brain correlates of sweet versus cocaine reward in rats
Authors: Lenoir Magalie , Navailles Sylvia , Vandaele Youna , Vouillac‐Mendoza Caroline , Guillem Karine , Ahmed Serge H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCocaine induces many supranormal changes in neuronal activity in the brain, notably in learning‐ and reward‐related regions, in comparison with nondrug rewards—a difference that is thought to contribute to its relatively high addictive potential. However, when facing a choice between cocaine and a nondrug reward (e.g., water sweetened with saccharin), most rats do not choose cocaine, as one would expect from the extent and magnitude of its global activation of the brain, but instead choose the nondrug option. We recently showed that cocaine, though larger in magnitude, is also an inherently more delayed reward than sweet water, thereby explaining why it has less value during choice and why rats opt for the more immediate nondrug option. Here, we used a large‐scale Fos brain mapping approach to measure brain responses to each option in saccharin‐preferring rats, with the hope to identify brain regions whose activity may explain the preference for the nondrug option. In total, Fos expression was measured in 142 brain levels corresponding to 52 brain subregions and composing 5 brain macrosystems. Overall, our findings confirm in rats with a preference for saccharin that cocaine induces more global brain activation than the preferred nondrug option does. Only very few brain regions were uniquely activated by saccharin. They included regions involved in taste processing (i.e., anterior gustatory cortex) and also regions involved in processing reward delay and intertemporal choice (i.e., some components of the septohippocampal system and its connections with the lateral habenula).
Invasive squamous cell carcinoma causes trigeminal nerve dysfunction in a horse
Authors: Wilson Amie , Ricci Emanuele , Talbot Alison , Malalana Fernando 
Published: December 2022

SummaryA 12‐year‐old Irish Sports Horse gelding was presented for investigation of a 4‐month history of recurrent right sided corneal ulceration and sudden onset dysphagia and inappetence. Cranial nerve examination revealed dysfunction of the right oculomotor nerve and trigeminal nerve. Computed tomography of the skull demonstrated a mass in the region of the orbital fissure, in close association with the oculomotor and trigeminal nerves. Following the assessment, the gelding was euthanised and post‐mortem examination was performed. Histopathology of the mass confirmed that the tumour was a squamous cell carcinoma. This case report highlights the benefits of detailed clinical examination to localise a neurological lesion, and the need for histology to confirm the diagnosis.
Transnational families: The experiences of Polish stayers from a lifelong perspective
Authors: Dziekońska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn migration research, the voice is usually given to those who move, but in this article, those who stay are at the centre of attention. The study aims to present the stayers’ practices of everyday life in transnational families in an attempt to highlight the experience of staying and understand the stayers’ role in the migration project. The study is based on semi‐structured life story interviews conducted in 2020 with people who in the 1980s stayed in the northeastern part of Poland when their relatives migrated internationally. In the almost four‐decade perspective, staying appears as a powerful condition and an active process, closely interrelated with migration. Also, the migration project does not appear dependent so much on the range and availability of communication technologies – limited in the 1980s – but on transnational families’ engagement in that project and desire to accomplish it.
The impacts of RMB internationalization on onshore and offshore RMB markets
Authors: Wang Yang‐Chao , Tsai Jui‐Jung , Li Shushu , Huang Yiying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing the DCC‐GARCH model, this study considers distinctive features of China's foreign exchange market to investigate the impacts of RMB internationalization on exchange rates in onshore and offshore markets in different stages during 2010–2017. The results show that policies concerning RMB internationalization, such as interest rate liberalization, exchange rate liberalization, and capital market internationalization, have different impacts on the central parity rate, onshore exchange rate, and offshore exchange rate. In terms of exchange rate liberalization, as the daily trading band was gradually widened in 2012–2015, the onshore exchange rate followed the offshore exchange rate more closely. The central parity rate functioned as a managed floating role. It stabilized onshore and offshore exchange rate fluctuations, while allowing partial marketization. After the exchange rate reform on August 11, 2015, the central parity rate plays a benchmark role based on a more market‐oriented price formation mechanism. It makes the central parity rate regain pricing power in onshore and offshore markets. Further, it promotes exchange rate liberalization and RMB internationalization. Nevertheless, with the slowdown of China's economic growth and the narrowing of the interest rate differential between China and the US, the RMB is under pressure to depreciate, and its volatility increases significantly.
How patients with diabetic foot ulcers experience telemedicine solutions: A scoping review
Authors: Søndergaard Susanne Friis , Vestergaard Else Godsk , Andersen Anne Bendix , Kolbæk Raymond , Dahl Marie , Høgh Annette 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common, complex and severe complication of diabetes that is associated with severely decreased health‐related quality of life. Treatment of DFUs calls for a multi‐sectoral approach, incorporating interdisciplinary care pathways. Telemedicine (TM) may be used as a communication tool between caregivers across healthcare sectors to obligate the need for close follow‐up, including early intervention in preventing the recurrence of DFU. The objective of this review was to identify, examine and conceptually map the available literature on patients' experiences and views regarding the use of TM solutions among patients with DFUs. We identified the Population, Concept and Context to pinpoint the focus of this review, word the research question and title as well as facilitate the literature search strategy. The literature examined stems from 13 sources. We imposed no restrictions on the methodological approach of the included studies, neither on the format. During the review process, four main maps emerged: “A whole human not merely a hole in a human,” “Less of a burden on the family, the community and the environment,” “Competences and continuity of care are essential for high‐quality care” and “The quality and modality of the technology.” Further investigation from both the patients' and the multi‐sectoral caregivers' perspective is needed, focusing on whatever modifications of the TM intervention may fit the DFU care pathway better.
Diabetes mellitus impacts on expression of DNA mismatch repair protein PMS2 and tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pan Xuekai , Mizukami Hiroki , Hara Yutaro , Yamada Takahiro , Yamazaki Keisuke , Kudoh Kazuhiro , Takeuchi Yuki , Sasaki Takanori , Kushibiki Hanae , Igawa Akiko , Hakamada Kenichi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThe mismatch repair (MMR) protein recognizes DNA replication errors and plays an important role in tumorigenesis, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Although PMS2, a MMR protein, is degraded under oxidative stress, the effects of diabetes are still unclear. Herein, we focused on whether diabetes affected MMR protein expression in PDAC.Materials and MethodsTissues from 61 surgically resected PDAC subjects were clinicopathologically analyzed. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for MMR protein expression, oxidative stress, and immune cell infiltration. The change of MMR protein expression was assessed in PDAC cell lines under stimulation with 25 mM glucose and 500 μM palmitic acid. Survival curves were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method with the log‐rank test.ResultsDiabetes complicated with dyslipidemia significantly decreased the expression of PMS2 in PDAC tissues with an inverse correlation with the degree of oxidative stress. Palmitic acid combined with high glucose induced degradation of PMS2 protein, enhancing oxidative stress in vitro. CD8+ T‐cell infiltration was associated with a short duration of type 2 diabetes (≤4 years) and a low expression of PMS2 in PDAC tissues, while CD163+ tumor‐associated macrophage infiltration was increased with a long duration of diabetes (>4 years). A short duration of diabetes exhibited a better prognosis than nondiabetic subjects with PDAC (P < 0.05), while a long duration of diabetes had a worse prognosis (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe different phases of diabetes have a major impact on PDAC by altering PMS2 expression and the tumor immune microenvironment, which can be targeted by an immune checkpoint inhibitor.
Bracelet salt glands of the recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor: Distribution, morphology, and induction
Authors: Zhao Boqing , Zhou Yingli , Jiao Xiangmei , Wang Xi , Wang Baoshan , Yuan Fang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHalophytes complete their life cycles in saline environments. The recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor has evolved a specialized salt secretory structure, the salt gland, which excretes Na+ to avoid salt damage. Typical L. bicolor salt glands consist of 16 cells with four fluorescent foci and four secretory pores. Here, we describe a special type of salt gland at the base of the L. bicolor leaf petiole named bracelet salt glands due to their beaded‐bracelet‐like shape of blue auto‐fluorescence. Bracelet salt glands contain more than 16 cells and more than four secretory pores. Leaf disc secretion measurements and non‐invasive micro‐test techniques indicated that bracelet salt glands secrete more salt than normal salt glands, which helps maintain low Na+ levels at the leaf blade to protect the leaf. Cytokinin treatment induced bracelet salt gland differentiation, and the developed ones showed no further differentiation when traced with a living fluorescence microscopy imager, even though new salt gland development and leaf expansion were observed. Transcriptome revealed a NAC transcription factor gene that participates in bracelet salt gland development, as confirmed by its genome editing and overexpression in L. bicolor. These findings shed light on bracelet salt gland development and may facilitate the engineering of salt‐tolerant crops.
Symptom perception and self‐care practice for uraemic pruritus in patients receiving haemodialysis
Authors: Huang Chih‐Yuan , Chen Ching‐Ju , Lin Jong‐Ni , Shih Ya‐Yun , Chen Chiu‐Feng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to the recurrent nature of uraemic pruritus among patients receiving haemodialysis, self‐care can offer patients a means to ameliorate this symptom. Qualitative data on self‐care of uraemic pruritus are limited.ObjectiveTo explore how patients on haemodialysis perceive uraemic pruritus, implement self‐care practice, and appraise the outcome of self‐caring uraemic pruritus.DesignThe Common Sense Model of Self‐Regulation guided the study design.Participants and approachesData were collected through face‐to‐face interviews with 30 patients receiving haemodialysis who were aged from 50 to 89 years and had had uraemic pruritus for more than 6 weeks. Interviews were audio recorded, and verbatim transcriptions of interviews were analysed.FindingsOur participants generally used life‐related analogies to describe uraemic pruritus, which they reviewed as a momentarily controllable symptom with an endless timeline. Most participants reported limited knowledge of the aetiology and multifaceted impacts of uraemic pruritus on their daily life and emotional status. The impacts on daily life included decreased zest for activities and sleep disturbances. Physical management of uraemic pruritus involved daily substance use and interventions employed during pruritic episodes. Psychological managements involved preferences for indoor activities and a fatalistic outlook. Unsatisfactory outcomes and psychological burdens from self‐care practice were reported.ConclusionsLife experiences shape symptom presentation and self‐care practice in patients on haemodialysis. The modalities for self‐caring for uraemic pruritus are diverse but not remarkably effective. Performing self‐care tasks places a substantial burden on patients. Individualised educational programs should be developed to improve the outcome of self‐care practice.