bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omitting routine cystography after RARP: Analysis of complications and readmission rates in suprapubic and transurethral drained patients
Authors: Krausewitz Philipp , Farzat Mahmoud , Ellinger Jörg , Ritter Manuel 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesRobot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has become the therapy of choice for local treatment of prostate cancer. Postoperatively, urologists perform cystography before removing urinary catheters due to concerns about the integrity of the vesicourethral anastomosis. This study aims to evaluate the safety of waiving cystography before early catheter removal after RARP.MethodsA total of 514 patients from two tertiary referral centers who underwent RARP were retrospectively included. Patients received postoperative urinary drainage by transurethral (TUC) or suprapubic catheter (SPC). During the first year, both centers performed routine cystography before removing TUC or SPC on postoperative day 5. In the following year, management changed and catheters were removed without cystography unless indicated by the surgeon. Demographic and perioperative data were analyzed. Postoperative complications and readmission rates were compared between standard cystography (StCG), no cystography (NCG), and selective cystography (SCG).ResultsGroups were comparable regarding demographic and oncological parameters. Analysis showed no significant difference regarding major complications and readmission rates between standard and no cystography (p = 0.155 and 0.998 respectively). Omitting routine cystography did not lead to inferior postoperative courses regardless of both urinary drainage used and tumor stage. Subgroup analysis showed an increase of major complications in SCG patients when compared with NCG (p = 0.003) while readmissions remained comparable (p = 0.554).ConclusionWaiving routine cystography before early catheter removal after RARP appears to be safe and feasible regardless of urinary drainage. However, the selective cystogram at the surgeon's request still plays a role in monitoring patients with an elevated risk profile.
Pelvicalyceal anatomy on the accessibility of reusable flexible ureteroscopy to lower pole calyx during retrograde intrarenal surgery
Authors: Inoue Takaaki , Hamamoto Shuzo , Okada Shinsuke , Imai Satoshi , Yamamichi Fukashi , Fujita Masaichiro , Tominaga Koki , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the pelvicalyceal anatomy on accessibility of reusable flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) to the lower pole calyx during retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).MethodsHere, 854 patients with ureteral or kidney stones with access to a renal collecting system using reusable fURS were classified into either the accessible group, in whom the deepest lower pole calyces could be touched; and the inaccessible group, in whom the deepest lower calyces could not be touched. We measured the infundibulopelvic angle (IPA), infundibular width (IW), infundibular length (IL), and calyceal pelvic height (CPH) using retrograde pyelograms and performed intergroup comparisons.ResultsThe median IPA, IW, IL, and CPH in the accessible and inaccessible group were 60.5° and 45.6° (p < 0.001), 10.8 and 9.4 mm (p < 0.001), 33.2 and 36.4 mm (p < 0.001), and 25.9 and 30.9 mm (p < 0.001), respectively. IPA (OR 0.963, 95% CI 0.952–0.974, p < 0.001) and IW (OR 0.519, 95% CI 0.331–0.816, p = 0.004) were significant risk factors of renal pelvicalyceal anatomy related to the accessibility of the lower pole calyces. The cut‐off value for IPA and IW was 45.8°(p < 0.001) and 7.8 mm (p < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionsIPA < 45.8° and IW <7.8 mm were negative predictors to access the lower pole calyces when using reusable fURS during RIRS.
Alternative pathway diagnostics
Authors: Thurman Joshua M. , Fremeaux‐Bacchi Veronique 
Published: October 2022

SummaryUncontrolled alternative pathway activation is the primary driver of several diseases, and it contributes to the pathogenesis of many others. Consequently, diagnostic tests to monitor this arm of the complement system are increasingly important. Defects in alternative pathway regulation are strong risk factors for disease, and drugs that specifically block the alternative pathway are entering clinical use. A range of diagnostic tests have been developed to evaluate and monitor the alternative pathway, including assays to measure its function, expression of alternative pathway constituents, and activation fragments. Genetic studies have also revealed many disease‐associated variants in alternative pathway genes that predict the risk of disease and prognosis. Newer imaging modalities offer the promise of non‐invasively detecting and localizing pathologic complement activation. Together, these various tests help in the diagnosis of disease, provide important prognostic information, and can help guide therapy with complement inhibitory drugs.
Low‐density granulocytes in systemic autoimmunity and autoinflammation
Authors: Carmona‐Rivera Carmelo , Kaplan Mariana J. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryA body of evidence has re‐energized the interest on the role neutrophils in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. For decades, neutrophils have been considered a homogenous population. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence suggests that neutrophils are more versatile and heterogeneous than initially considered. The notion of neutrophil heterogeneity has been supported by the identification of low‐density granulocytes (LDGs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other systemic autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions. Transcriptomic, epigenetic, proteomic, and functional analyses support that LDGs are a distinct subset of proinflammatory neutrophils implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Importantly, it remains incompletely characterized whether LDGs detected in other inflammatory/autoimmune conditions display the same phenotype that those present in SLE. A shared feature of LDGs across diseases is their association with vascular damage, an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in chronic inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the lack of specific markers to identify LDGs in circulation or in tissue, makes it a challenge to elucidate their role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we aim to examine the evidence on the biology and the putative pathogenic role of LDGs in systemic autoimmune diseases.
Effect of the invasion history of the giant African snail (Lissachatina fulica) on its realized climatic niche
Authors: Patiño‐Montoya Angie , Giraldo Alan , Tidon Rosana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is almost a century of difference among Indo‐Malayan, Australasian, and Neotropical regions in establishment of non‐native populations of the giant African snail (Lissachatina fulica). Using potential distribution models and environmental principal component analysis (PCA‐env), we first tested whether an expansion of the realized climatic niche of L. fulica occurred. The models showed geographical differences between the native and non‐native areas, especially in the Neotropical region, where the last introduction of mollusks occurred. Because PCA‐env showed a 60% expansion and 40% overlap between the native and global areas, we next investigated whether the expansion of the realized climatic niche of L. fulica was influenced by its geographical spread. Precipitation had the highest contribution in most models, but temperature was the variable that best explained the projected spread from the current Neotropical distribution. The current Neotropical distribution was better explained when the climatic conditions of the Indo‐Malayan and Australasian regions from which the species arrived in the Neotropics were included. PCA‐env showed 74% expansion between the native and Indo‐Malayan–Australasian areas and 97% expansion between the native and Neotropical areas. In conclusion, the spread between biogeographic regions and the existence of similar climatic conditions between the native and non‐native distributions would produce the observed climatic niche of L. fulica.
How should webcams be used in online learning under COVID‐19: A co‐orientation analysis of teachers' and students' perceptions of student social presence on webcam
Authors: Yeung Matthew W. L. , Yau Alice H. Y. , Lee Crystal Y. P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe existing literature has predominantly focused on instructor social presence in videos in an asynchronous learning environment and little is known about student social presence on webcam in online learning in the context of COVID‐19.ObjectivesThis paper therefore contrasts students' and teachers' perspectives on student social presence on webcam in synchronous online teaching through co‐orientation analysis.MethodsData were collected through an online questionnaire with 14 statements that measured participants' perceptions of webcam use in three constructs in social presence (i.e., emotional expression, open communication, and cohesion). 154 students and 36 teachers from two higher education institutions in Hong Kong responded to the questionnaire, and their responses were analysed using the co‐orientation model.Results and conclusionResults reveal the perceptual gaps between teachers and students on the use of webcam to promote student social presence by showing how teachers were comparatively more positive about its impacts for learning and consistently overestimated students' preference for it. Through analysing individual constructs/items, this paper argues that using webcams in synchronous online learning could enhance student social presence only to a limited extent in that it may help improve emotional expression and open communication but not cohesion.ImplicationsThe paper advises against the adoption of a clear‐cut policy that webcams should be either recommended or not recommended for online learning. Instead, teachers should take into account students' perspective to find out the types of activities that are apt for using webcams in online learning, and reflective tasks and oral assessments were amongst the ones considered appropriate by students in the study.
Interaction of probiotic activity, antioxidative capacity, and gamma‐ amino butyric acid (GABA) in chestnut milk‐fortified yogurt
Authors: Yilmaz‐Ersan Lutfiye , Sahin Saliha , Ozcan Tulay , Akpinar‐Bayizit Arzu , Usta‐Gorgun Buse , Ciniviz Melike , Keser Gokce 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs a novel functional dairy product, yogurt was produced from mixtures of skimmed milk and chestnut milk using probiotic culture. The survival of probiotic bacteria, antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, and gamma‐ amino butyric acid (GABA) content of the samples were determined. Results showed that sample with chestnut milk 100% contained a higher dry matter, fat, carbohydrate, and caloric value and lower vitamin C, and E contents. Samples had high K, Ca, P, Na, and Na values. Probiotic bacteria were capable of growing well and over the recommended therapeutic value in yogurt with fortified chestnut milk. The yogurt samples showed excellent 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) and 2, 2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radicals scavenging activities as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power. However, it was found that as the chestnut milk ratio of samples increased, the antioxidant capacity values increased. GABA values of samples varied from 0.31 to 2.43 mg 100 g−1. According to hierarchical cluster analysis, the samples with 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% chestnut milk had similar compositional properties.Novelty impact statementThe objective of the present study was to compare the nutritional, microbiological, and antioxidative properties of probiotic yogurts manufactured using skimmed milk and chestnut milk. Based on the findings of this study, the fortification of chestnut milk, in general, had positive effects on the nutritional properties of probiotic yogurt. The present study describes that yogurt with chestnut milk could be considered a potential source of antioxidant compounds as well as GABA. Chestnut milk‐fortified dairy products could be contributed to ensure maximum functional benefits from these products and present a good alternative for consumers demanding healthier foods.
Effects of reminiscence therapy on anxiety and depression during acute hospitalization in older patients: Controlled study
Authors: Gonzalez‐Senac Nicolas M. , Somoza‐Fernandez Gema , Ocaña Ramirez Esther , Romero‐Estarlich Vicente , Ortiz‐Alonso Francisco J. , Serra‐Rexach Jose A. , Vidan Maria T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesHospitalization due to acute illness in older patients is often associated with anxiety or depressive symptoms. In these circumstances, given that pharmacologic treatment should be avoided to reduce interactions with ongoing medication regimes, psychotherapy techniques should be considered. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group reminiscence therapy (RT) on the reduction of anxiety and depressive symptoms in acutely hospitalized older patients.MethodsControlled and prospective study conducted on the Acute Geriatric Unit of a university hospital. Patients included in the intervention group (RT Group) attended a group session focused on RT, whereas those included in the control group (UC) received usual hospital care. Exclusion criteria were severe cognitive impairment, impossibility to mobilize, and clinical/hemodynamic instability. The intervention was based on a multi‐task daily group session of reminiscence activities. The severity of anxiety (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HAM‐A), depressive symptoms (15‐item Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS‐15), loneliness (ESTE‐II social loneliness scale), and fear of death (Collet‐Lester scale) was assessed at admission and discharge in both groups.ResultsThe intervention was effective in reducing the proportion of patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms during hospitalization. The proportion of patients with moderate–severe anxiety at discharge was 32.1% in the UC and 13.4% in the RT Group (p < 0.001), whereas the proportion of patients with depressive symptoms at discharge was 49.1% in the UC and 19.5% in the RT Group (p < 0.001). The intervention was independently associated with benefits on anxiety levels (RR 2.45, 95% CI 1.83–3.28) and depression (RR 3.71, 95% CI 2.22–6.19) at discharge. No differences were found in loneliness or fear of death.ConclusionsA group reminiscence activity reduces the proportion of patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms during hospitalization for an acute disease. Absolute changes in both anxiety and depression scores, even though significant, were relatively small.
Structural connectivity between the hippocampus and cortical/subcortical area relates to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia but not in mood disorders
Authors: Ikeda Natsuko , Yamada Shinichi , Yasuda Kasumi , Uenishi Shinya , Tamaki Atsushi , Ishida Takuya , Tabata Michiyo , Tsuji Tomikimi , Kimoto Sohei , Takahashi Shun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCognitive impairment in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders is a challenge to be overcome in order to maintain patients' quality of life and social function. The neurological pathogenesis of cognitive impairment requires further elucidation. In general, the hippocampus interacts between the cortical and subcortical areas for information processing and consolidation and has an important role in memory. We examined the relationship between structural connectivity of the hippocampus and cortical/subcortical areas and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. Subjects comprised 21 healthy controls, 19 patients with schizophrenia, 20 patients with bipolar disorder and 18 patients with major depressive disorder. Diffusion‐weighted tensor images data were processed using ProbtrackX2 to calculate the structural connectivity between the hippocampus and cortical/subcortical areas. Cognitive function was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in schizophrenia composite score. Hippocampal structural connectivity index was significantly correlated with composite score in the schizophrenia group but not in the healthy control, major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder groups. There were no statistically significant differences in hippocampal structural connectivity index between the four groups. Structural connectivity between the hippocampus and cortical/subcortical areas is suggested to be a pathophysiological mechanism of comprehensive cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.
Hysteroscopic resection with temporary balloon catheter occlusion of bilateral internal iliac arteries for managing retained products of conception after spontaneous abortion: Two cases report
Authors: Ono Yosuke , Sakurai Yasuo , Ota Hajime , Tanaka Kota , Okada Hiroki , Tagaya Hikaru , Fukushi Yoshiyuki , Yoshino Osamu , Wada Shinichiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRetained products of conception (RPOC) is a condition in which trophoblastic tissue remains in the uterus after pregnancy, causing massive hemorrhage in some cases. Though RPOC is commonly treated by intrauterine curettage or hysteroscopic resection uterine artery embolization or hysterectomy may be performed in case of massive bleeding. We experienced two cases of RPOC after surgery for missed abortion that failed to respond to conservative treatment and required surgical treatment. They were treated by hysteroscopic resection with temporary balloon catheter occlusion of bilateral internal iliac arteries for fertility preservation. After the balloon catheters were inflated, the reduction of blood flow to RPOC was observed under transvaginal ultrasound. In both cases, good visualization was maintained throughout the surgery with minimal bleeding. They were discharged the next day and resumed menstruation 1 month after surgery. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of this procedure as a minimally invasive and fertility‐preserving surgery.
Hydrosalpinx in a premenarcheal 14‐year‐old girl with the proliferation of smooth muscle cells in the isthmus of the fallopian tube: A case report
Authors: Kamo Norihito , Takahashi Toshifumi , Soeda Shu , Jimbo Masatoshi , Yoshida‐Komiya Hiromi , Fujimori Keiya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHydrosalpinx is rare in childhood, and its pathogenesis may differ from that in reproductive‐aged women. Herein, we report a case of hydrosalpinx in a premenarcheal 14‐year‐old girl, which might be caused by thickening of the smooth muscle of the fallopian tube. The patient had recurrent right lower abdominal pain and was referred to our hospital with a suspected adnexal tumor. Laparoscopy revealed a hydrosalpinx with complete obstruction of the fimbria and scar‐like stenosis of the proximal ampulla. Right salpingectomy was performed because of a severe hydrosalpinx. As the patient was a virgin and a vaginal culture showed normal flora, ascending infection to the fallopian tube was not considered to be the cause of the hydrosalpinx. Histopathological examination revealed that the resected fallopian tube had a markedly dilated lumen with no inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunohistochemically, estrogen‐ and progesterone‐positive smooth muscle proliferation was found at the isthmus of the fallopian tube.
The influence of age on the frequency of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity during sleep in general population differs from that in clinical research samples
Authors: Dal Fabbro Cibele , Rompré Pierre , Kato Takafumi , Maluly Milton , Haraki Shingo , Toyota Risa , Shiraishi Yuki , Andersen Monica L. , Tufik Sergio , Montplaisir Jacques , Herrero Babiloni Alberto , Lavigne Gilles J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring sleep, limb and jaw muscle motor activity can be quantified by electromyography (EMG). The frequency of periodic limb activity during sleep increases with age in both the general and clinical research populations. The literature is controversial regarding stability, over age, of the frequency of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA), which is one biomarker of sleep bruxism (SB).ObjectivesThe purpose of this retrospective sleep laboratory study was to assess if any change in RMMA frequency occurs over age in the general population (GP) and two clinical research (CR) samples.MethodsRMMA signals from polysomnography (PSG) recordings of 465 individuals, irrespective of SB awareness, were analysed. The sample comprised 164 individuals from the GP of Sao Paulo, and 301 individuals from Montreal and Osaka CR samples. Data were divided into two subgroups, younger (15–39) and older (40–80) participants. RMMA was classified as low frequency (<2 events/h) or high (≥2 events/h). Pearson correlation (R) and B (slope) analyses were performed with power estimations.ResultsIn the GP sample, no significant change over age was noted in the RMMA index/year. In the CR samples, a significant reduction was observed in the RMMA index/year (−0.05) with age (R2 = .042; p < .001; 3.5 to 1.5 RMMA/h from 20 to 60 years old).ConclusionsIn the GP, the RMMA index remained stable over age. In the CR samples, a significant, reduction was observed. Prospective studies with multiple home sleep recordings, in both general and clinical research populations, are needed before extrapolating from the present findings.
The Fluid Movement of the Spirit: (Re)Conceptualizing Gender in Pentecostalism
Authors: Daniels Joel D. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTClaiming close to 800 million adherents, Pentecostalism is the fastest growing religious community in the world; nevertheless, the movement remains under‐researched, encouraging more academic investment. This article takes on this task by exploring Pentecostalism regarding gender and sex. Why have Pentecostals ardently supported gender normativity? Why have Pentecostal denominations in the United States adamantly opposed the recent Equality Acts bill? This essay's argument is that Pentecostal belief and practice, rooted in theology and pneumatology, actually denounce gender bifurcation, supporting instead fluid movement with the Holy Spirit into and out of gender performances. Judith Butler's performance theory, Sarah Coakley's Trinitarian theology, and Lisa Stephenson'simago Spiritusframe the overall argument. As Paul declares, there is no longer male or female in Christ.
The preventable productivity burden of sleep apnea in Australia: a lifetime modelling study
Authors: Marquina Clara , Makarounas‐Kirchmann Kelly , Holden Karen , Sasse Anthony , Ademi Zanfina 
Published: October 2022

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder. OSA is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and depression, among other comorbidities. We aim to determine the productivity burden of OSA in Australia using productivity‐adjusted life‐years (PALYs). Using life table modelling, we built a multistate Markov model to estimate the impact of moderate to severe OSA on the whole working‐age Australian population in 2021 (aged 20–65 years) with OSA until retirement (aged 66 years). The model also captured the impact of OSA on CVD, T2DM, depression, and vehicle‐related accidents. Data for OSA and comorbidities and Australian specific labour data, were extracted from published sources. A second cohort was then modelled to test the effect of a hypothetical intervention, assuming a 10% reduction in OSA prevalence and a 10% reduction in comorbidities in patients with OSA. The primary outcome of interest were PALYs accrued. All outcomes were discounted 5% annually. Over a lifetime, the Australian population with OSA accrued 193,713,441 years of life lived and 182,737,644 PALYs. A reduction of 10% in OSA prevalence and comorbidities would result in 45,401 extra years of life lived and 150,950 extra PALYs. This resulted in more than AU$25 billion of gained gross domestic product over the lifetime of the working population. Our study highlights the substantial burden of OSA on the Australian population and the need to tailor interventions at the population level to reduce the health and economic impacts.