bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of patient perceptions of health system responsiveness in Germany
Authors: Achstetter Katharina , Köppen Julia , Hengel Philipp , Blümel Miriam , Busse Reinhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth system responsiveness (HSR)—the ability of a health system to meet the non‐medical legitimate expectations of patients—is a key to patient‐centred health systems. Although responsiveness is essential to provide equitable and accountable health care, little is known about patient‐side drivers of HSR. This study aims to narrow this gap.MethodsA survey among 20,000 Germans with substitutive private health insurance included questions on HSR and patient characteristics such as health literacy (HL), experienced discrimination, and sociodemographic information. Survey data were linked to patient‐level claims data. Logistic regression was applied to assess the association between HSR and patient characteristics.ResultsThe sample (age 54.0 ± 16.1; 60.5% male) contains 2951 respondents with outpatient physician care in the past year. Of the nine HSR items, eight are rated as (very) good (74.4%–94.3%), except for coordination between providers (60.2%). Patient characteristics highly influence HSR: patients with high HL, for instance, are more likely to assess responsiveness as (very) good (e.g., clear explanations from physicians: OR 4.17). Poor assessment of responsiveness is seen among users who experienced discrimination.ConclusionThis study revealed new associations between HSR and patient characteristics. Incorporating this knowledge in practice would help strengthen patient‐centred health services by considering patient experiences and expectations. This highlights that HSR can be used as a tool to evaluate and promote patient‐centred health services. Future research should investigate additional drivers of HSR, both on the patient and the provider sides.
The role of the non‐stationary Andean Dry Diagonal in paleoclimate reconstructions
Authors: Houston John , Latorre Claudio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNatural archives used to reconstruct past climates of the Atacama Desert sometimes lead to contradictory interpretations. One explanation for such contradictions is the non‐stationary nature of the Andean Dry Diagonal (ADD), a narrow zone of precipitation minima between two large scale weather systems. The ADD bisects the Central Andes; to the north precipitation originates from the Atlantic Ocean via Amazonia, largely in summer, with extreme events linked to La Niña; to the south precipitation originates from the Pacific Ocean, dominated by winter storm events linked to El Niño. The dynamic nature of these weather systems implies that the position of the ADD is not stable over seasonal and longer periods. Climates currently found either north or south of the ADD may in the past have been displaced, intensified or weakened leading to changes in the position of the ADD. For example, along the coastal regions of Peru and Chile, El Niño currently modulates both winter and summer precipitation. Flood episodes caused by these precipitation events are manifested in sedimentary and other natural archives that have been used to reconstruct past climates, yet have at times, produced contradictory interpretations. The realization that ENSO has varying ‘flavours’ that are spatially distinct and associated with a mobile ADD may allow a more sophisticated approach to paleoclimate research that has the potential to resolve some of these difficulties.
Associations of bisphenol F and S, as substitutes for bisphenol A, with cardiovascular disease in American adults
Authors: Lu Yuan , Chen Shaoxi , Jin Hongfeng , Tang Lijiang , Xia Ming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) exposure may be positively associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). For more than a past decade, exposure to bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS), as substitutes for BPA, has gradually increased in the population. Whether BPF and BPS exposure are associated with CVD remains unclear. We used data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2016. A total of 3,502 participants, including 368 with CVD, were enrolled in the final analysis. Associations of BPA, BPF and BPS with CVD were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The highest level of urinary BPA (≥2.5 ng/ml) was significantly associated with a higher CVD prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 1.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–2.3) among all participants in the quartile analysis. In stratified analyses, the highest level of urinary BPA was positively associated with CVD prevalence in males (1.86, 1.1–3.13) and the elderly population (≥60 years old) (1.89, 1.2–2.97). Higher levels of urinary BPF were positively associated with CVD prevalence in females (Q2: 1.81, 1.03–3.18; Q4: 1.73, 1.07–2.79) and in the elderly population (Q3: 1.7, 1.16–2.48). No associations were found between urinary BPS levels and CVD, regardless of whether the participants were stratified by age or sex. In conclusion, exposure to BPA or BPF was positively correlated with CVD prevalence, but an association was not found for exposure to BPS. BPF may not be as safe as assumed for human health.
Eddy current loss estimation for direct drive wind turbine generators with superconducting excitation winding by numerical and analytical models
Authors: Köster Robin , Binder Andreas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDirect drive wind turbine generators with superconducting excitation winding are studied with focus on the electromagnetic damper design. A semi‐analytical eddy current model is built for parametric design studies based on a vector potential approach. The considered generators employ open stator slots and exhibit strong saturation effects, so that an analytical expression for the source terms is not adequate. Whilst the field equations are solved analytically, an equivalent current loading, accounting for slotting effects and saturation, is obtained by magnetostatic models applying the 2D finite element method (FEM). The proposed framework for the extraction of the current loading is universal and may also be applied to other machine types (e.g., permanent magnet synchronous machines, [PMSM]). In relation to transient FEM models, a considerable time‐saving can be achieved, which is particularly beneficial in case of large models, for example, in case of fractional slot windings or intermittent feeding schemes. The eddy current loss in warm and cold rotor parts in a direct drive generator in the 7 MW power class are computed with the semi‐analytical and transient 2D FEM models under variation of the damper geometry and the stator winding configuration. Minimum damper dimensions as well as constraints regarding applicable stator windings are derived.
My sweet‐hard boss: How do paternalistic managers influence employees’ work‐family and family‐work conflict?
Authors: Tokat Tülüce , Göncü‐Köse Aslı 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPaternalistic Leadership (PL) is endorsed especially by employees who score high on collectivism and power distance and is found to be negatively associated with Work‐Family Conflict (WFC) and Family‐Work Conflict (FWC) in many studies. However, the psychological mechanisms underlying these relationships have been the focus of few studies. We propose that PL is positively related to psychosocial and career support, and affective and job dependence; psychosocial and career support, and affective dependence, in turn, decrease employees’ WFC and FWC while job dependence increases them. Data were collected from 730 employees in Turkey and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). PL was positively associated with all of the mediating variables. The relationships of PL with WFC and FWC were fully mediated by psychosocial support; however, career support did not mediate the relationship between PL and WFC. Unexpectedly, affective dependence was positively associated with WFC and FWC. PL was also positively associated with WFC via its positive effect on job dependence. Results suggest that both affective and job dependence enhanced by PL increase employees’ WFC and FWC for different reasons. Moreover, although paternalistic managers provide career support, the main psychological mechanism that mediates the relationships of PL with WFC and FWC is psychosocial support.
Green procurement and green innovation for green organizational legitimacy and access to green finance: The mediating role of total quality management
Authors: Acquah Innocent Senyo Kwasi , Baah Charles , Agyabeng‐Mensah Yaw , Afum Ebenezer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGreen manufacturing practices and total quality management (TQM) are relevant mechanisms that hold promise for firms to plan and monitor their activities for sustainable outcomes. However, despite their potential for sustainability and continuous improvement, their application and study in the literature have remained largely separated and underexplored. To address this gap, we draw on the institutional and stakeholder theories to examine how green procurement, green product innovation and green process innovation enhance green organizational legitimacy and access to green finance by using TQM as a mediator in these relationships. We used the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) technique to analyze survey data from 244 manufacturing firms in Ghana. The results showed that green procurement influenced TQM and green organizational legitimacy but not access to green finance. Likewise, green product innovation and green process innovation enhanced TQM, green organizational legitimacy, and access to green finance. TQM had differential degrees of mediation on the effects of green procurement, green product innovation, and green process innovation on green organizational legitimacy and access to green finance. We contribute to prior studies by integrating green manufacturing practices and TQM in ways that help managers of manufacturing firms who wish to unravel the complexities of integrating green manufacturing practices and TQM.
Sex bias in letters of recommendation and personal statements for otolaryngology residency
Authors: Berk Garrett A. , Ho Tiffany D. , Stack‐Pyle Taylor J. , Zeatoun Abdullah , Kong Keonho A. , Chaskes Mark B. , Thorp Brian D. , Ebert Charles S. , Senior Brent A. , Kimple Adam J. , DeMason Christine E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveApplication for otolaryngology residency is highly competitive, with letters of recommendation (LORs) and applicant personal statements (PSs) representing important components of the application process. However, their inherently subjective nature predisposes them to potential implicit bias. Otolaryngology has historically been predominated by male physicians and while implicit sex bias has been demonstrated in LORs for application to residency of multiple specialties, data is limited for otolaryngology.MethodsLORs and PSs for all otolaryngology applicants to an academic medical center during the 2019–20 and 2020–21 cycles were abstracted. Quantitative analysis was performed using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count 2015 (LIWC2015), a validated software application designed to analyze various emotional, cognitive, and structural components of written text.ResultsLORs written for females were found to be written from a perspective of higher expertise and confidence while LORs written for males were associated with a more honest, personal, and disclosing tone. Moreover, LORs written for female applicants were found to reference achievement and “grindstone” terminology more than those written for men. No differences were observed in any word category between PSs written by male and female applicants.ConclusionMinor linguistic differences exist in multiple domains between LORs written for male and female applicants for otolaryngology residency. These tended to favor female applicants, with their letters demonstrating higher clout, achievement, and grindstone scores. This trend was unexpected in this historically predominantly male specialty. While differences were statistically significant, the overall difference in an entire letter of recommendation is likely subtle.Level of Evidence3.
Dissolvable Carboxymethylcellulose Microneedles for Noninvasive and Rapid Administration of Diclofenac Sodium
Authors: Silva Ana C. Q. , Pereira Bárbara , Lameirinhas Nicole S. , Costa Paulo C. , Almeida Isabel F. , Dias‐Pereira Patrícia , Correia‐Sá Inês , Oliveira Helena , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Vilela Carla , Freire Carmen S. R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to prepare dissolvable biopolymeric microneedle (MN) patches composed solely of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), a water‐soluble cellulose derivative with good film‐forming ability, by micromolding technology for the transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium salt (DCF). The MNs with ≈456 µm in height displayed adequate morphology, thermal stability up to 200 °C, and the required mechanical strength for skin insertion (>0.15 N needle−1). Experiments in ex vivo abdominal human skin demonstrate the insertion capability of the CMC_DCF MNs up to 401 µm in depth. The dissolution of the patches in saline buffer results in a maximum cumulative release of 98% of diclofenac after 40 min, and insertion in a skin simulant reveals that all MNs completely dissolve within 10 min. Moreover, the MN patches are noncytotoxic toward human keratinocytes. These results suggest that the MN patches produced with CMC are promising biopolymeric systems for the rapid administration of DCF in a minimally invasive manner.
Electrical‐Triggered Multicolor Reversible Color‐Changing Ag Nanoparticles/Reduced Graphene Oxide/Polyurethane Conductive Fibers
Authors: Zhang Ningyi , Cheng Haonan , Han Weiyi , Ge Fangqing , Yin Yunjie , Wang Chaoxia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSmart color‐changing fibers attract much attention owing to their importance as a component of flexible electronics. A facile and scalable method of multicolor reversible electro–thermochromic Ag nanoparticles/reduced graphene oxide/polyurethane conductive fiber (ETC AgNPs/rGO/PU conductive fiber) is fabricated, which contains the polyurethane (PU) as the inner layer, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as the conductive layer, and thermochromic paste as the outermost layer. It possesses excellent electrothermal and color‐changing properties and rapidly generates Joule heat at 0.5 V, which makes the fiber surface temperature reach 39.81 °C rapidly. The color switching rate is fast and changes from green to yellow within 2 s. During the process of 250 times on/off voltage, ETC AgNPs/rGO/PU conductive fibers still maintain excellent electrical and thermal properties and color change stability; even in the washing, strong acid, and strong alkali environment, they still have excellent durability. This human subjective adjustable electrical–thermal–color multi‐level induced modulation makes it possible to be applied to smart wearable fields such as visual camouflage, personal thermal management, and active information transfer.
The triangular prism approximation method for volume estimation of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap in breast reconstruction
Authors: Kato Sayuri , Mori Hiroki , Koga Haruka , Uemura Noriko , Tanaka Kentaro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany methods to predict the amount of tissue needed for breast reconstruction have been reported, but some require complicated software and special systems. The purpose of this report was to present a simpler method for predicting the volume required for deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flaps. The accuracy of this method was evaluated based on both actual flap design and computed tomography.MethodsThe weight and horizontal (x cm) and vertical (y cm) lengths of the DIEP flap were recorded, and the maximum thickness of subcutaneous tissue (z cm) was measured from computed tomography in 36 cases of breast reconstruction using DIEP flap in our hospital performed between January 2019 and December 2020. Flap volume was calculated using three methods of approximation: triangular prisms using physical and CT measurements (1/2xyz cm3); quadrangular and triangular prisms using physical and CT measurements (3/4xyz cm3); and a previously reported method using measurements from CT angiography alone and calculation with a standard mathematical formula. These three groups were compared using Bland–Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to assess consistency between predicted and measured values.ResultsOn Bland–Altman plots, values were distributed almost randomly around the average value of the difference, and no proportional error was evident in the methods. The ICC between predicted and actual values of triangular prisms using physical and CT measurements was largest: ICC (1, 2) = 0.978 (0.825–0.981; 95% confidence interval for ICC). A sufficient flap volume was able to be transplanted in all cases.ConclusionThe methods presented appear useful to calculate flap volume closer to the measured value without complicated software systems. These results suggest that the method using two symmetric triangular prisms could predict volume more easily than previously reported methods and may facilitate good breast reconstruction.
The path to condensates—19th Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences laureates share their discovery stories
Authors: Brangwynne Clifford , Hyman Anthony A. , Rosen Michael K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPreface by Prof. Titia de Lange, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USAThe 19th Annual Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences celebrated a breakthrough in cell biology: how membrane‐less cellular compartments are formed. The existence of membrane‐less organelles, often called bodies or puncta, has been known for a long time, but what exactly they represented and how they were formed was not known. This problem was solved by a physicist, Clifford Brangwynne, a cell biologist, Anthony Hyman, and a chemist, Michael Rosen. Each, synergistically, made groundbreaking contributions to the discovery that membrane‐less organelles are liquid–liquid phase‐separated entities. The two independent discoveries leading to the principle that multivalent low‐affinity interactions between selected sets of macromolecules, some containing intrinsically disordered regions, formed a molecular condensate with unique dynamic properties, gave birth to the large, blossoming field of biomolecular condensates. The implications of those findings have influenced almost all further research of intracellular processes, including RAS signaling, immune synapses, DNA repair, transcriptional activation, and the functions of nuclear pores, the nucleolus and centrosomes. In this perspective article, the laureates of the award take us on their personal and professional trip that led to their scientific discoveries. Their stories are a celebration of the interdisciplinary essence of Natural Sciences and the potential unlocked when scientists from different fields work together to solve mysteries.
Addressing insurance‐related barriers to novel antiobesity medications: Lessons to be learned from bariatric surgery
Authors: Gasoyan Hamlet , Sarwer David B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe past decade has witnessed significant progress in the development of new antiobesity medications, with several having greater efficacy than pharmacological agents previously approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Despite the potential of new medications to combat America's obesity crisis, access to these agents is severely limited. This Perspective presents the current coverage landscape for antiobesity medications, including the recent requirement by the US Office of Personnel Management for Federal Employees Health Benefits Program carriers to offer adequate coverage of FDA‐approved antiobesity medications, and it makes parallels with conditions that made expanded insurance coverage for bariatric surgery possible, as well as emphasizes the need for additional action by the legislature and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to expand coverage of evidence‐based obesity treatments.
Association of BMI with general health, working capacity recovered, and post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19
Authors: Peter Raphael S. , Nieters Alexandra , Brockmann Stefan O. , Göpel Siri , Kindle Gerhard , Merle Uta , Steinacker Jürgen M. , Kern Winfried V. , Rothenbacher Dietrich ,   for the EPILOC Phase 1 Study Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the risk of post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 associated with the continuous spectrum of BMI.MethodsEpidemiology of Long COVID (EPILOC) is a population‐based study conducted in Baden‐Württemberg (Germany), including subjects aged 18 to 65 years who tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 between October 2020 and April 2021. Eligible subjects answered a standardized questionnaire, including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and the presence of specific symptoms. Participants assessed their current general health recovery and working capacity compared with the pre‐infection situation and provided their body height and weight. Generalized additive models were used to assess the association of BMI with general health recovered, working capacity recovered, and prevalence of fatigue, cognitive impairment, and chest symptoms.ResultsThe analyses included 11,296 individuals (41% male), with a mean age of 44.0 (SD 13.7) years. Best general health recovery was observed at BMI of 22.1 (95% CI: 21.0‐27.0) kg/m2 in men and BMI of 21.6 (95% CI: 20.3‐23.1) kg/m2 in women. In addition, we found that increasing BMI was consistently associated with post‐COVID fatigue, neurocognitive impairment, and chest symptoms.ConclusionsHigh BMI contributes to impaired recovery after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection; however, a low BMI is associated with impaired recovery as well.
Preparation and characterization of temperature‐responsive Ca–alginate/poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel
Authors: Tang Qichen , Qian Shanhua , Chen Weiwei , Song Xiaofei , Huang Jianfeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPoly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) is widely implemented in responsive soft actuators. However, there are still defects of low brittleness and poor mechanical properties. Moreover, little attention has been paid to diameter shrinkage deformation of tubular PNIPAm hydrogels. In this study, physical crosslinking between Ca2+ cations and sodium alginate (SA) was introduced to form an interpenetrating network with chemically crosslinked PNIPAm, and then Ca–alginate/PNIPAm hydrogels were prepared. Molecular structure, surface morphology, swelling properties and mechanical properties were characterized. The results indicated that the pure PNIPAm hydrogel obtained using thermal initiation polymerization had better swelling and temperature‐responsive properties (with a maximum swelling ratio of 1134.65% and a fastest decrease rate of 318.45% min−1 in swelling ratio) compared to the hydrogel using ultraviolet polymerization. The mechanical properties the Ca/PNIPAm hydrogel were enhanced until the SA concentration exceeded 8 wt%. The compressive modulus of the hydrogel with SA concentration of 8 wt% (16.61 kPa) was increased by 10 times as compared with the pure PNIPAm hydrogel (1.42 kPa), and its corresponding elastic modulus increased by 47%. Moreover, a model soft actuator was prepared based on annular and tubular hydrogels. It had reversible diameter shrinkage behavior at 50 °C, and excellent temperature‐responsive property. The results reported herein provide valuable insight into the engineering application of temperature‐responsive PNIPAm‐based hydrogels. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.