bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting the person-centred aspects of dignity and well-being: learning from older persons’ experiences of living in residential care facilities
Authors: Roos Charlotte , Swall Anna , Marmstål Hammar Lena , Boström Anne-Marie , Skytt Bernice 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
Dignity and well-being are key aspects of the legislation and policies that regulate care of older persons worldwide. In addition, care of older persons should be person-centred. Dignity and well-being are described as results of person-centred care (PCC). The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of important aspects for older persons to experience dignity and well-being in residential care facilities (RCFs).

Design/methodology/approach
This study had a qualitative approach, and individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 older persons living in RCFs. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis.

Findings
To experience dignity and well-being older persons emphasized the importance of preserving their identity. To do this, it was important to be able to manage daily life, to gain support and influence and to belong to a social context. However, the findings indicate a need for improvements.

Practical implications
Insights into older persons’ experiences of important aspects for experiencing dignity and well-being in RCFs can be used by first-line managers and registered nurses when designing improvement strategies to promote PCC.

Originality/value
Dignity and well-being are described as results of PCC. The findings provide an understanding of what older persons perceive as important for experiencing dignity and well-being in RCFs. The findings are useful when designing improvement strategies to promote PCC.
Nitrogen loading enhances phosphorus limitation in terrestrial ecosystems with implications for soil carbon cycling
Authors: Luo Min , Moorhead Daryl L. , Ochoa‐Hueso Raúl , Mueller Carsten W. , Ying Samantha C. , Chen Ji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Increased human‐derived nitrogen (N) loading in terrestrial ecosystems has caused widespread ecosystem‐level phosphorus (P) limitation. In response, plants and soil micro‐organisms adopt a series of P‐acquisition strategies to offset N loading‐induced P limitation. Many of these strategies impose costs on carbon (C) allocation by plants and soil micro‐organisms; however, it remains unclear how P‐acquisition strategies affect soil C cycling. Herein, we review the literature on the effects of N loading on P limitation and outline a conceptual overview of how plant and microbial P‐acquisition strategies may affect soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization and decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems.

Excessive input of N significantly enhances plant biomass production, soil acidification, and produces plant litterfall with high N/P ratios, which can aggravate ecosystem‐level P limitation.

Long‐term N loading can cause plants and soil micro‐organisms to alter their functional traits to increase P acquisition. Plants can release carboxylate exudates and phosphatases, modify root morphological traits, facilitate the formation of symbiotic associations with mycorrhizal fungi and stimulate the abundance of P‐mineralizing and P‐solubilizing micro‐organisms. Releasing carboxylate exudates and phosphatases could accelerate SOC decomposition, whereas changing symbiotic associations and root morphological traits (e.g. an increase in fine root length) may contribute to higher SOC stabilization. Increased relative abundances of P‐mineralizing and P‐solubilizing bacteria can accelerate P mining and SOC decay, which may decrease microbial C use efficiency and subsequently lower SOC sequestration.

The trade‐offs between different plant P‐acquisition strategies under N loading should be among future research priorities due to their cascading impacts on soil C storage. Quantifying ecosystem thresholds for P adaption to increased N loading is important because P‐acquisition strategies are effective when N loading is below the N threshold. Moreover, understanding the response of P‐acquisition strategies at different levels of native soil N availability could provide insight to divergent P‐acquisition strategies across sites and ecosystems. Altogether, P‐acquisition strategies should be explicitly considered in Earth System Models to generate more realistic predictions of the effects of N loading on soil C cycling.

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SIRT1 targeted by miR‐211‐5p regulated proliferation and apoptosis of Dex‐treated growth plate chondrocytes via mediating SOX2
Authors: Cheng Deliang , Zhang Lijun , Liang Xiaoju 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDexamethasone (Dex) is reported to cause bone growth retardation in children, which is associated with the increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of growth plate chondrocytes. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) plays an important role in chondrocyte function and homeostasis. Thus, we further explored the regulatory mechanism of SIRT1 in Dex‐induced growth plate chondrocyte dysfunction. SIRT1 expression was detected in Dex‐treated growth plate chondrocytes using RT‐qPCR and western blot assay. The modulation of SIRT1 on SOX2 expression was evaluated. Besides, we identified that SIRT1 was targeted by miR‐211‐5p using TargetScan and RNA pull‐down assay. A loss‐of‐function assay was performed to evaluate the effects of miR‐211‐5p on Dex‐induced growth plate chondrocyte dysfunction in vitro and in vivo. We found that SIRT1 was downregulated in Dex‐treated growth plate chondrocytes. The expression of SOX2 was upregulated by overexpression SIRT1. Meanwhile, downregulation of SOX2 weakened the positive function of SIRT1 overexpression on Dex‐induced growth plate chondrocytes dysfunction. Subsequently, we confirmed that SIRT1 was targeted by miR‐211‐5p. MiR‐211‐5p inhibitor increased the expression levels of SIRT1 and SOX2, and restored the Dex‐treated growth plate chondrocyte function. Animal assays further demonstrated that the effects of miR‐211‐5p on the growth plate chondrogenesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that SIRT1 exerts a protective effect on growth plate chondrocyte under Dex stimulation. MiR‐211‐5p/SIRT1/SOX2 axis regulates the process of Dex‐inhibited growth plate chondrogenesis.
Review: A comprehensive overview of studies related to the ecology and genetics of Fagus crenata Blume (Siebold's beech, Japanese beech) at the species' northernmost range limit
Authors: Kitamura Keiko , Matsui Tetsuya , Kobayashi Makoto , Namikawa Kanji 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTemperate forest species, including Fagus crenata Blume, have been experiencing distributional shifts during the climate oscillation throughout the Holocene epoch. This review describes the distinctive context of F. crenata populations at the northern range from the perspective of past distribution shifts, future expansion predictions, biotic and abiotic interactions in population establishment, forest vegetation characteristics, and genetic diversity during the expansion process. The current northern distribution limit of F. crenata is in southern Hokkaido and Okushiri Islands. Since 1900, a dozen of northern limit hypotheses has advocated the presence of restriction factors; however, the species shows signs of expanding its habitat northward at present. The current northern limit is not determined by physiological limitations because of the fact that artificial plantations of F. crenata grow well beyond its range. Several studies regarding climate scenarios have predicted species persistence in the future. Sociological studies revealed that a decline in vegetation units is observed from the southern to the northern populations on the Oshima Peninsula, Hokkaido. Also, vegetation on Okushiri Island includes remnants of warm temperate flora indicating a physiographic constraint of the F. crenata forest on the island, reflecting a past distributional shift. Most of the current northern marginal populations were revealed to be established at the time of large forest disturbance. The genetic diversity of local populations has been lost during the northward distribution shift due to the founder effect in the colonizing process. Then, the gene flow from rearward populations has dwindled by the completion of the population establishment.
ARCHITECTURE AS SOCIAL LABORATORY: Modernity, Cultural Revival, and Architectural Experiment in Peri‐urban China
Authors: Qian Junxi , Lu Yanheng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article engages with the emerging scholarship on experiments in urban and regional contexts to investigate an architectural experiment overseen by Wang Shu, a renowned Chinese architect, in Wencun Village, a peri‐urban village on the fringe of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. In particular, we examine how architectural projects are mobilized to provide a solution to rural decline amidst deepening urban–rural integration. Architecture is supposed to generate knowledge about the relationships between built forms and positive social and cultural changes, in this case involving the revival of rural cultures and identities. Empirically, this article provides a novel study that investigates culture‐based interventions into the revival of peri‐urban regions in the context of intensifying urban–rural interactions. Theoretically, it contributes to the study of experiments in urban and regional contexts by, on the one hand, correcting the urban bias inherent in this corpus and arguing for the relevance of experiment to peri‐urban and rural contexts. On the other hand, while this study reaffirms the importance of using relatively bounded sites of study and controlled parameters to produce plausible knowledge about regional transformation, it equally calls for attention to the contingencies and surprises that exceed and destabilize preconceived theories, epistemological frameworks and hypotheses.
Interstitial bleomycin sclerotherapy in children with vascular malformations: Our initial experience in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Yick Ting , Leung Yvonne Chi Lun , Fung Hon Shing , Poon Wai Lun , Yuen Hunter Kwok Lai , Leung Michael Wai Yip 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundVascular malformations represent a wide spectrum of disorders in children. Recently, interstitial bleomycin sclerotherapy has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for selected cases of vascular malformation in children and adults.AimTo evaluate the short‐term outcome and safety of interstitial bleomycin sclerotherapy in children with vascular malformations.MethodsThis is a retrospective study in which patients under 18 years old with vascular malformation undergoing bleomycin sclerotherapy between August 2019 and January 2022 in Hong Kong were included. Relevant demographics of the included patients were collected. Short‐term outcomes including clinical response, immediate and early complications were evaluated.ResultsFour patients who aged from 4 to 8 years old were identified, three with lymphatic malformation and one with arteriovenous malformation. A total of eight sessions of interstitial bleomycin sclerotherapy were performed. Three of them reported clinical response with either reduction in lesion size or reduction in discomfort or disfigurement. No immediate complication was reported. However, one of them experienced post‐operative hyperpigmentation with scratch marks.ConclusionThe experience in the use of interstitial bleomycin sclerotherapy in children with vascular malformations is still limited in our locality. Further study with larger cohorts and longer follow‐up is required to further establish its efficacy and safety profile in paediatric patients.
Association between fear of falling and a history of falls in patients with end‐stage renal disease on hemodialysis
Authors: de Jesus Luciana Angélica da Silva , Pinheiro Bruno Valle , de Oliveira Ana Carla , Suassuna Lucas Fernandes , Silva Bárbara Lima , de Paula Rogério Baumgratz , Lucinda Leda Marília Fonseca , Oliveira Cristino Carneiro , Reboredo Maycon Moura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionHemodialysis patients have complications that increase fear of falling (FOF). This study evaluated the association between FOF and a retrospective history of falls in hemodialysis patients and investigated the ability of the Fall Efficacy Scale—International (FES‐I) to discriminate fallers from nonfallers.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted with 183 patients to investigate the history of falls in the last 12 months and to evaluate FOF by the FES‐I.ResultsThe univariate linear regression model showed that the FES‐I score was significantly associated with a history of falls (p = 0.01). After adjustment for potential confounders, this association remained significant (R2 = 0.19, p < 0.001). The FES‐I score showed an area under the curve of 0.660 with a cutoff point of 25 (sensitivity—61.8%; specificity—62.2%).ConclusionFOF was associated with a history of falls in the 12‐month period in hemodialysis patients, and FOF assessed by the FES‐I was able to discriminate fallers from nonfallers.
Formation and molecular dynamics simulation of inclusion complex of large‐ring cyclodextrin and 4‐terpineol
Authors: Cao Chuan , Deng Changyue , Hu Jinwei , Zhou Yibin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the formation and structure of the inclusion compound of large‐ring cyclodextrin and 4‐terpineol were obtained through different experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The analysis of FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and thermodynamic results confirmed the formation of clathrates. Analysis of molecular structure (root‐mean‐square deviation and radius of gyration), solubility, and interaction energy (Coul, H bond) based on MD simulations further clarified the nature of the clathrate and the conformational changes caused by guest molecules as well as inclusion complexes process trends. The inclusion complex reportedly has a new crystal structure with improved thermal stability.Practical ApplicationThis is the first work to demonstrate the complex formation between 4‐terpineol and large‐ring cyclodextrin by molecular dynamics simulation. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the formation of inclusion complexes theoretically. Conformational changes of the molecules and the formation of complexes with improved thermal stability were observed. Complexing with large‐ring cyclodextrin can be used as an effective means to encapsulate the aroma/flavor compounds.
Determinants of quality of life and hand function among people with hand osteoarthritis
Authors: Pathmanathan Cinthuja , Deveza Leticia A. , Robbins Sarah R. , Duong Vicky , Venkatesha Venkatesha , Hunter David J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objectives of this study are to ascertain the determinants of quality of life (QoL) and hand function among persons with hand osteoarthritis (OA) and to assess the influence of hand function on QoL among persons with OA.MethodologyTwo hundred and four participants in a clinical trial completed the baseline assessment. Demographic, socioeconomic, QoL (AqoL‐4D), hand function (Functional Index for Hand Osteoarthritis, FIHOA), pain assessment, radiographic and clinical characteristics of participants were measured using standard methods. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate potential associations.ResultsWe studied 204 participants (76% female, age 65.63 ± 8.13 years, body mass index 28.7 ± 6.5 kg/m2) with hand OA. The mean pain score of the participants on a visual analog scale was 57.8 (SD ±13.6). There was a significant, negative moderate correlation between hand function and QoL scores except for the sense domain score. Global assessment, household income and serious illness were associated with QoL (P < .001) and explained 18% of the variance of the QoL. Pain scale, Patient Global Assessment, Mental Health Score, grip strength and cyst index were associated with hand function score and explained 26% of the variance of hand function.ConclusionThe results indicate increasing impairment in hand function decreases the QoL of persons with hand OA. Some determinants were significantly associated with hand function and QoL. Determinants related to hand functions may be modifiable. In future, appropriate intervention strategies should be implemented, and further studies should be conducted to identify the effectiveness of those interventions.
Potential benefit of dose‐escalated stereotactic body radiation therapy using CyberKnife for early‐stage primary lung cancer
Authors: Watanabe Shou , Yamazaki Hideya , Kimoto Takuya , Shiomi Hiroya , Yamada Kei , Suzuki Gen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dose‐escalated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for primary lung cancer.MethodsPatients with peripherally located T1‐2N0M0 primary lung cancer who underwent SBRT from April 2013 to December 2019 were included. Group A received 60 Gy in five fractions with CyberKnife prescribed at 99% gross tumor volume. Group B received 48 Gy in four fractions by a gantry‐mounted linear accelerator, with isocenter prescription. Cumulative incidence of local failure (LF), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity were retrospectively compared.ResultsGroups A and B comprised 39 and 36 patients, respectively. Group A had more patients without histological confirmation (p < .001) and showed lower V20 of bilateral lungs (p = .025). The median follow‐up duration of Group A and B was 22.0 and 21.5 months, respectively, and the 2‐year cumulative incidence of LF, PFS, and OS were .0% versus 11.6% (p = .065), 66.2% versus 62.7% (p = .694), 84.1% versus 81.1% (p = .827), respectively. There was no difference in Grade ≥ 2 toxicity rate between Groups A and B (7.7% vs. 11.1%; p = .704).ConclusionDose‐escalated SBRT using CyberKnife showed reduced lung dose and potential benefits for improved local control with comparable toxicity.
Navigating the space between co‐design and mahitahi: Building bridges between knowledge systems on behalf of communities
Authors: Rolleston Anna K. , Korohina Erina , McDonald Marama 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo provide knowledge and recommendations for researchers, health professionals and policymakers on navigating between science and mātauranga (knowledge) Māori when using co‐design methodologies.ContextIt is well known that the health system in Aotearoa/New Zealand does not provide culturally responsive services, programmes or approaches. Indigenous, remote and vulnerable populations that are not well served by medical and scientific models would be better served by the underlying premise of co‐design methodology. However, co‐design is a Western methodology. Mahitahi is presented here as a culturally responsive method of co‐design that builds approaches by utilising the worldview of the people that the health system most needs to have impact upon. Co‐design and mahitahi have synergies, and working at the interface between Western and Māori knowledge systems can provide innovative solutions that draw on the strengths of both approaches.ApproachAuthors will outline the benefit co‐design processes have for improving health outcomes for remote and vulnerable populations. Mahitahi will be described and the synergies with co‐design emphasised with important distinctions also highlighted. The use of Indigenous knowledge systems, using Māori as the case example, will be outlined.ConclusionRecommendations will be provided to guide researchers, health professionals and policy makers when planning a co‐design approach with remote and vulnerable communities.
Prevention of mastitis in multiparous dairy cows with a previous history of mastitis by oral feeding with probiotic Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Urakawa Megumi , Zhuang Tao , Sato Hidetoshi , Takanashi Satoru , Yoshimura Kozue , Endo Yuma , Katsura Teppei , Umino Tsuyoshi , Tanaka Koutaro , Watanabe Hitoshi , Kobayashi Hiroko , Takada Naokazu , Kozutsumi Tomoyuki , Kumagai Hiroaki , Asano Takafumi , Sazawa Kohko , Ashida Nobuhisa , Zhao Guoqi , Rose Michael T. , Kitazawa Haruki , Shirakawa Hitoshi , Watanabe Kouichi , Nochi Tomonori , Nakamura Takehiko , Aso Hisashi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMastitis is a very common inflammatory disease of the mammary gland of dairy cows, resulting in a reduction of milk production and quality. Probiotics may serve as an alternative to antibiotics to prevent mastitis, and the use of probiotics in this way may lessen the risk of antibiotic resistant bacteria developing. We investigated the effect of oral feeding of probiotic Bacillus subtilis (BS) C‐3102 strain on the onset of mastitis in dairy cows with a previous history of mastitis. BS feeding significantly decreased the incidence of mastitis, the average number of medication days and the average number of days when milk was discarded, and maintained the mean SCC in milk at a level substantially lower than the control group. BS feeding was associated with lower levels of cortisol and TBARS and increased the proportion of CD4+ T cells and CD11c+ CD172ahigh dendritic cells in the blood by flow cytometry analysis. Parturition increased the migrating frequency of granulocytes toward a milk chemoattractant cyclophilin A in the control cows, however, this was reduced by BS feeding, possibly indicating a decreased sensitivity of peripheral granulocytes to cyclophilin A. These results reveal that B. subtilis C‐3102 has potential as a probiotic and has preventative capacity against mastitis in dairy cows.
Experiences of cognitive training on primary breast cancer survivor's cognitive impairments at work: A longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Chapman Bethany , Derakshan Nazanin , Grunfeld Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesCancer‐related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is associated with adverse work‐related outcomes in women living with a history of primary breast cancer. We explored the perceived impact of receiving adaptive cognitive training (dual n‐back training) or active control training (dual 1‐back training) on CRCI. Furthermore, we explored the perceived transfer effects of cognitive training on work‐related self‐management methods for cognitive impairment and work‐related outcomes such as career development.DesignLongitudinal qualitative study.MethodsA ‘framework’ analysis approach was used to analyse semi‐structured telephone interviews completed by women with a history of primary breast cancer before training (N = 40), one month (N = 30) and six months (N = 29) post‐training.ResultsFour main themes were identified: (1) impact of cognitive impairment at work, (2) perceived impact of cognitive training on impaired cognitive function, (3) perceived effects of training on work‐related self‐management methods for cognitive impairment and (4) perceived impact on women's career development and progression. Compared to baseline, women who received adaptive dual n‐back training reported sustained improvement in multiple cognitive domains including memory and attention up to six months post‐training when the follow‐up interviews were conducted. Perceived improvements in cognitive function were associated with greater self‐confidence and better emotional well‐being in work. These improvements were found to lower dependency on self‐management methods for cognitive impairment and enhance effectiveness as well as prompt career development or progression for many women. Although some findings of a similar nature were reported in the active control dual 1‐back training group the perceived effects were more pronounced and consistent in the dual n‐back group.ConclusionsAdaptive cognitive training (dual n‐back training) improves perceived CRCI experienced by women in the workplace, enhancing their self‐confidence and general emotional well‐being. These perceived improvements, in turn, can decrease reliance on self‐management methods for cognitive impairment and improve work efficiency and contribute to career development and progression.