bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological and oncological outcomes for pylorus-preserving versus conventional distal gastrectomy in early gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Sen , Liu Fan , Gao Zhidong , Ye Yingjiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) is a function-preserving surgery for the treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC) in the middle third. According to literature reports, PPG decreased the incidence of dumping syndrome, bile reflux, gallstone formation, and nutritional deficit in comparison with conventional distal gastrectomy (CDG). However, the debates about PPG has been dominated by the incomplete lymphadenectomy and oncological safety. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the pathological and oncological outcomes of PPG.Methods: The protocol was registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42022304677. Databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of science and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched before February 21,2022. The outcomes included the pooled odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous variables and weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous variables. All outcomes were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Meta-analysis was performed using STATA software (Stata 14, Stata Corporation, Texas) and Review Manager 5.4. Results: A total of 4500 patients from 16 studies were included. Compared with CDG, PPG group has less lymph nodes harvested (WMD=-3.09; 95% CI -4.75 to -1.43; P<0.001). Differences of resected lymph nodes were observed in No.5, No.6, No.9 and No.11p stations. There were no differences in lymph nodes metastasis of each station. Shorter proximal resection margins (WMD= -0.554; 95%CI, -0.999 to -0.108; P=0.015) and distal resection margins (WMD= -1.569; 95% CI -3.132 to -0.007; P=0.049) were observed in PPG group. There were no significant differences in pathological T1a stage (OR=0.99; 95% CI 0.80 to 1.23; P=0.88), T1b stage (OR=1.01; 95% CI 0.81 to 1.26; P=0.88), N0 stage (OR=0.97; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.48; P=0.88), tumor size (WMD = -0.10; 95% CI, -0.25 to 0.05; P = 0.187), differentiated carcinoma (OR=1.04; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.47; P=0.812) or signet ring cell carcinoma (OR=1.22; 95% CI 0.90 to 1.64; P=0.198). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of overall survival (HR=0.22 95%CI 0.01 to 6.69; P=1.000) and recurrence free survival (HR=0.31; 95%CI 0.00 to 24.35; P=0.687).Conclusions: The meta-analysis of existing evidence demonstrated that PPG had comparable survival outcomes with CDG. However, PPG harvested less lymph nodes in No.5, No.6, No.9 and No.11p stations. We also found that PPG has shorter proximal resection margin and distal resection margin, meaning more remnant stomach would be preserved in PPG.
Sulfamethazine degradation by sulfite through GAC@Ni/Fe three-Dimensional（3D） Particle Electrode activation:contribution of active substance and synergy
Authors: Li Siwen , Lin Yingzi , Zhu Suiyi , Liu Gen , Shi Chunyan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, GAC@Ni/Fe particles were employed as particle electrodes and sulfite hetero activators for the synergistic degradation of sulfamethazine (SMR) in a three-dimensional electrode reactor.The effects of operating parameters (cell voltage, particle electrode dosage, pH value, and sulfite dosage) on SMR degradation were investigated experimentally.When the cell voltage is 5V, sulfite is 1mM, particle electrode is 40g and pH is 7, the degradation efficiency can reach 96.91% in 30min.The superiority of the 3D(GAC@Ni/Fe)/Sulfite system in SMR removal was confirmed by comparative experiments and reaction synergy factor analysis.The surface changes of GAC@Ni/Fe particles before and after electrode reaction were characterized by XRD, XPS and FTIR.The electrochemical performance of GAC@Ni/Fe was investigated by LSV, Tafel and EIS, further illustrating its important role in synergistic degradation.Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching experiments demonstrate that the degradation of SMR in the 3D (GAC@Ni/Fe)/Sulfite system is the result of the combined action of free radicals and non-radicals.·OH, SO4−· and 1O2 contributed 51%, 12% and 37% to SMR removal, respectively.The mineralization rate of TOC is 54.57% (30min), which also shows the high-efficiency mineralization ability of the system for SMR.The research provides a strong foundation for the 3D (GAC@Ni/Fe)/Sulfite system as a green process in the removal of emerging organic pollutants.
A phase II study of N-acetylcysteine in cancer patients with severe COVID-19: clinical outcomes and biological correlates
Authors: Johnson William , Kalvin Hannah , Panageas Katherine , Nicodemus Jasmine , Cathcart Elizabeth , Lin Ya-Hui , Hosszu Kinga , Lee Christina , Hamlin Paul , Horwitz Steven , Intlekofer Andrew , Joffe Erel , Kumar Anita , Batlevi Connie , Matasar Matthew , Moskowitz Alison , Noy Ariela , Palomba M , Salles Gilles , Straus David , von Keudell Gottfried , Zelenetz Andrew , Boelens Jaap Jan , Babady N , Maslak Peter , Wolchok Jedd D. , Vardhana Santosha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection results in high mortality rates in patients with cancer with patients dying from a combination of virus and inflammation-driven respiratory failure. We conducted a two-arm, single-institution phase II study of N-acetylcysteine in patients admitted to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center with severe COVID-19 from May 2020 to April 2021. A total of 42 patients were treated: 13 patients in arm A (ICU) and 29 patients in arm B (non-ICU). In total, 23% of patients in arm A and 69% of patients in arm B met the predetermined clinical definition of treatment success. Patients meeting a successful primary endpoint were more likely to exhibit decreases in systemic levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein and had both higher proportions of PD-1-expressing effector memory and fewer terminally differentiated CD8+ T-cells. These results suggest that many patients with cancer and severe COVID-19 experience clinical and immunologic improvement with N-acetylcysteine therapy.
Modular structures and the delivery of inpatient care in hospitals: a network science perspective on healthcare function and dysfunction
Authors: Ben-Tovim David I. , Bajger Mariusz , Bui Viet Duong , Qin Shaowen , Thompson Campbell H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundReinforced by the COVID-19 pandemic, the capacity of health systems to cope with increasing healthcare demands has been an abiding concern of both governments and the public. Health systems are made up from non-identical humans and physical components interacting in diverse ways in varying locations. It is challenging to represent the function and dysfunction of such systems in a scientific manner. We describe a novel approach to that dilemma.General hospitals with large emergency caseloads are the resource intensive components of health systems. We propose that the care-delivery services in such entities are modular, and that their structure and function can be usefully analysed by contemporary network science. We explore that possibility in a study of Australian hospitals during 2019 and 2020.MethodsWe accessed monthly snapshots of whole of hospital administrative patient level data in two general hospitals during 2019 and 2020. We represented the organisation inpatient services as network graphs and explored their graph structural characteristics using the Louvain algorithm and other methods. We related graph topological features to aspects of observable function and dysfunction in the delivery of care.Results We constructed a series of whole of institution bipartite hospital graphs with clinical unit and labelled wards as nodes, and patients treated by units in particular wards as edges. Examples of the graphs are provided. Algorithmic identification of community structures confirmed the modular structure of the graphs. Their functional implications were readily identified by domain experts. Topological graph features could be related to functional and dysfunctional issues such as COVID-19 related service changes and levels of hospital congestion.Discussion and Conclusions Contemporary Network Science is one of the fastest growing areas of current scientific and technical advance. Network Science confirms the modular nature of healthcare service structures. It holds considerable promise for understanding function and dysfunction in healthcare systems, and for reconceptualising issues such as hospital capacity in new and interesting ways.
Prolonged longitudinal transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation effects on striatal functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Zhang Shuai , He Jia-Kai , Wang Yu , Zhong Gang-Liang , Zhao Ya-Nan , Li Shao-Yuan , Xiao Xue , Yang Zheng-Yi , Zhao Bin , Wang Lei , Zhang Jin-Ling , Zhai Wei-Hang , Jiang Tian-Zi , Fang Ji-Liang , Rong Peijing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The cortical-striatal abnormalities are commomly found in the mental disorders. Instant transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been found to modulate the ventral striatial functional connectivity (FC) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neural mechanism of prolonged longitudinal taVNS treatment on different striatal subregions has not yet been elucidated. We used resting state functional magnetic resonance to estimate the effect of taVNS on the FC of striatal subregions in patients with MDD. Compared with healthy control subjects, lower prefrontal-striatal rsFC and higher occipital-striatal rsFC were found in patients with MDD. While the prefrontal-striatal rsFC increased and the occipital-striatal rsFC decreased after taVNS treatment. Specifically, the decreased Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores were positive correlated with the change of rsFCs between left ventral caudate (vCa) and right ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC), and negatively correlated with the change of rsFCs between left vCa and right superior occipital gyrus. The rsFC between right nucleus accumbens (NAc)and right dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC)at baseline predicted the longitudinal taVNS effects on HAMD score at 8 weeks. Therefore, taVNS can relief depressive sympotoms by modulating the aberrant striatal rsFC in patients with MDD. The strength of rsFC between the right NAc and right dmPFC may serve as a potential biomarker for the prolonged longitudinal taVNS and predict treatment responses.
Investigation of changes in water status and distribution of Quercus acutissima seeds during desiccation using LF-NMR and MRI methods
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Shen Yongbao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The Quercus acutissima seed is a typical temperate recalcitrant seed; storing the seeds for longer than a year after maturation and shedding is challenging because they are sensitive to water loss. Therefore, research on the Q.acutissima seed water loss site and the dynamic changes in seed water status during desiccation can offer a theoretical foundation for the storage of these seeds safely as well as a reference for the mechanism study of recalcitrant seeds.
Results
The site of water loss in Q.acutissima seeds was explored using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging combined with the results of scanning electron microscopy of the seed coat. The results showed that the micropyle and the scar were identified as the main water loss sites of Q.acutissima seeds. The LF-NMR tests indicated that water in the Q. acutissima seeds exists in three states: free water, immobile water, and bound water. The effects of each water status on seed vigor were also analyzed with the changes in seed germination rate during desiccation. During desiccation, both the bound and free water of Q.acutissima seeds were lost significantly, resulting in the death of the seeds. Finally, the relationship between the transverse relaxation signal and the water content of Q.acutissima seeds during drying is established, providing a foundation for quick and nondestructive assessment of Q.acutissima seed water content.
Conclusion
Rapid and non-destructive monitoring of the drying process of Q. acutissima seeds is made possible by MRI and NMR technology. By conducting them, we can determine the sites of water loss, the migration rules of different water statuses during seed drying, and the relationship between the causes of seed desiccation sensitivity and changes in water status.
Comparison of the effectiveness of anchoring needles and coils in localizing multiple nodules in the lung
Authors: Huang Ya-Yong , Wang Tao , Fu Yu-Fei , Shi Yi-Bing , Cao Wei , Hou Ju-Pan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Recently, a new type of pulmonary nodule positioning needle has been clinically adopted. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new type of localization needles compared with coils for the simultaneous localization of multiple pulmonary nodules guided by computed tomography (CT) prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).Materials and Methods: From January 2021 to March 2022, 87 pulmonary nodules from 40 patients were localized using the new localization needle. From January 2020 to December 2020, 68 pulmonary nodules in 31 patients were localized using coils. The relative outcomes were compared. Results: The success rate of pulmonary nodule localization in the needle group was 97.7% while that in the coil group was 98.5%. In the needle group, the time needed for locating the first nodule was significantly shorter compared with the coil group (10.9 min vs. 17.2 min, P<0.05). Moreover, the time needed per patient was also significantly shorter for the needle group compared with the coil group (23.7 min vs. 30 min, P<0.05). The incidence of pneumothorax in the needle group was 25.0% vs. 12.9% in the coil group (P>0.05). The rate of pulmonary hemorrhage in needle group was 40.0 % vs 32.3% in coil group (P>0.05). The success rate of VATS wedge resection was 100% in both groups. Conclusions: Both disposable pulmonary nodule localization needles and coils are safe and effective for CT-guided localization of multiple pulmonary nodules of the same stage prior to VATS. However, the needles are time-saving to use than the coils.
Prediction of HPV status in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on radiomics and machine learning algorithms: a multi-cohort study
Authors: Zhinan Liang , Wei Zhang , Yudi You , Yabing Dong , Yuanzhe Xiao , Xiulan Liu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus status has significant implications for prognostic evaluation and clinical decision-making for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. As a novel method, radiomics provides a possibility for non-invasive diagnosis. The aim of this study was to examine whether computed tomography radiomics and machine learning classifiers can effectively predict human papillomavirus types and be validated in external data in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on imaging data from multi-institutional and multi-national cohorts.Materials and methods: 651 patients from three multi-institutional and multi-national cohorts are collected in this retrospective study: OPC-Radiomics cohort (n=497), MAASTRO cohort (n=74), and SNPH cohort (n=80). OPC-Radiomics cohort was randomized into training cohort and validation cohort with a ratio of 2:1. MAASTRO cohort and SNPH cohort were used as independent external testing cohorts.1316 quantitative features were extracted from the computed tomography images of primary tumors. After feature selection by using logistic regression and recursive feature elimination algorithms, 10 different machine‑learning classifiers were trained and compared in different cohorts. Results: By comparing 10 kinds of machine‑learning classifiers, we found that the best performance was achieved when using a random forest-based model, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUCs) of 0.97, 0.72, 0.63, and 0.78 in the training cohort, validation cohort, testing cohort 1 (MAASTRO cohort), and testing cohort 2 (SNPH cohort), respectively. Conclusions: The random forest-based radiomics model was effective in differentiating human papillomavirus status of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in multi-national population, which provides the possibility for this non-invasive method to be widely applied in clinical practice.
Functional characterisation of SiFPGS2 gene of foxtail millet in folates accumulation and root development
Authors: Zhang Yijuan , Zhang Chongmei , Man Xiaxia , Men Yihan , Ren Xuemei , Li Xueyin , Han Lida , Sun Zhaoxia , Yang Yang , Hou Siyu , Han Yuanhuai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Folates content in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) are higher than that in major crops. Polyglutamylation of folates could enhance their compartmentalization, reducing their transport, increase their affinities with enzymes and increase the stability of the folates pool in Arabidopsis. The polyglutamylation reaction are catalyzed by folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS). But FPGS function in foxtail millet is still elusive. In this study we identified Setaria italica FPGS2 (SiFPGS2) genes in foxtail millet by blast analysis with AtFPGS1/2/3 protein sequences. The phylogenetic tree analysis, protein function domain analysis and docking analysis results showed that SiFPGS2 belong to FPGS subfamily, possessed the tetrahydrofolypolyglutamate synthase domain, could bind tetrahydrofolate (THF) as substrate. Subcellular localization predicted that SiFPGS2 localized in the chloroplast. Cis-acting elements prediction analysis indicated that there were meristem expression motif and root specific motif in SiFPGS2 promoter. Over-expressed SiFPGS2 in Arabidopsis not only increased the folates content, but also increased the root length, and further propidium iodide staining result suggested that the increased root length was owning to the promotion of cell division in root apical meristem zone. SiFPGS2 catalyzed the polyglutamylation of THF and lead to the increase of folates content and root length by promotion of root apical meristem zone cell division. SiFPGS2 can be used as a candidate gene for biofortification of folates in Gramineae crops via genetic engineering.
Mandibular 3D position changes in miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion(MARPE): a retrospective clinical trial using CBCT
Authors: Lei Qiaoling , He Wendan , Lei Qiyin , Xiong Peiying , Wang Zhongdong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate and short-term effects of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) on mandibular 3D position in treatment of skeletal Class I malocclusion with maxillary transverse deficiency in adults.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 20 adults with skeletal Class I malocclusion and maxillary transverse deficiency who underwent MARPE. Three CBCT scans were obtained before treatment (T0), immediately after expansion (T1) and after a six-month consolidation period (T2). Mandibular landmarks were measured with respect to axial, sagittal, and coronal reference planes respectively. Repeated measures ANOVA and LSD multiple comparison were used for statistical analysis.Results: The mandibular rotated clockwise at T1 and relapsed to its initial position at T2. The lateral displacement was unremarkable.Conclusions: When MARPE was used to treat skeletal Class I malocclusion with maxillary transverse deficiency, it caused a transient clockwise rotation of the mandible. However, the mandible did not show sagittal, vertical and horizontal position changes in short-term evaluation.
Monoclonal Antibodies Against CGRP (R): Non-responders and Switchers: Real World Data from a Large Case Series
Authors: Kaltseis Katharina , Filippi Vera , Frank Florian , Eckhardt Christine , Schiefecker Alois , Broessner Gregor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveAssessement of the responder and non-responder rate to consecutive monoclonal CGRP-antibody (CGRP-mAb) treatment, the presence of side effects, analysis of predictors of response and loss of efficacy evaluation over time. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis including 171 patients with episodic (EM) or chronic migraine (CM), who received one, two or three different CGRP-(R)-mAbs. Non-response was defined as ≤50% reduction of monthly migraine days (MMDs) in EM and ≤ 30% reduction of MMDs in CM after 3 months of treatment. Results71.9% responded to the first mAb. Side effects led to treatment discontinuation in 5.3%. Of the 26 patients who did not respond to the first mAb or experienced a loss of efficacy over time, 11 (42.3%) responded to the second and two of 7 to the third monoclonal antibody. Poor response to therapy was associated with a higher monthly headache frequency (p = 0.042), pre-existing psychiatric disorder (p = 0.032), and a higher number of prior preventive migraine therapies (p = 0.022).ConclusionOur findings support mAb-class switch in non-responders or in patients experiencing a loss of efficacy. The use of a third CGRP-mAb could be beneficial for some patients. Early use of CGRP-mAbs in the prevention of migraine might help to avert chronification of migraine and treatment-refractory patients.
Home ranges and activity patterns of Sunda pangolins (Manis javanica) in Vietnam
Authors: Gray Russell J. , Le Dung , Nguyen Huyen Thi Thanh , Cao Long Nhat , Nguyen Tan , Pham Thong , Willcox Daniel , Chen Tiffany , Nguyen Thai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Current knowledge of Sunda pangolin (Manis javanica) movement ecology has only been recorded from a small island in Singapore, which may not be representative of their range throughout Southeast Asia. Here we provide an update on Sunda pangolin movement ecology from radio telemetry projects in three distinct ecoregions of Vietnam, including a montane region, lowlands, and wetlands. In this study, we radio-tracked 12 pangolins rescued from the illegal wildlife trade and translocated to protected areas where existing conspecific populations had been previously detected. We used an autocorrelated Kernel Density Estimation (aKDE) method to identify the home ranges of each pangolin. Finally, we supplemented our movement ecology analyses with 177 camera trap images to identify activity patterns of Sunda pangolin populations in each location. Activity periods of Sunda pangolins occurred most frequently from 03:00–04:00 (range: 24:00–04:00). The average home range of translocated Sunda pangolins examined throughout our projects in various ecoregions of Vietnam is estimated to be 1.58 km2 and did not vary significantly between sexes, mass, or habitat. However, there was a marked decrease in range size with decreasing size of suitable forest space.
Is educational quality, not just educational attainment, associated with cardiometabolic health: A test in two samples
Authors: Cundiff Jenny M. , Lin Shayne , Faulk Robert , McDonough Ian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Educational quality may be a closer correlate of physical health than more commonly used measures of educational attainment (e.g., years in school). We examined whether a widely-used performance-based measure of educational quality is more closely associated with cardiometabolic health than educational attainment (highest level of education completed), and whether perceived control, executive functioning, and health literacy link educational quality to cardiometabolic health. In two samples, educational quality was associated with cardiometabolic health above and beyond educational attainment, other demographic factors (age, ethnoracial category, sex), and fluid intelligence. Counter to expectations, neither perceived control, executive function, nor health literacy significantly mediated the association between educational quality and cardiometabolic health. Findings add to the growing literature suggesting that current operationalizations of the construct of education likely underestimate the association between education and multiple forms of health. To the extent that educational programs may have been overlooked based on the apparent size of associations with outcomes, such actions may have been premature.