bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant cell myocarditis following COVID‐19 successfully treated by immunosuppressive therapy
Authors: Amiri Afsaneh , Houshmand Golnaz , Taghavi Sepideh , Kamali Monireh , Faraji Mona , Naderi Nasim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt has been shown that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), can lead to multi‐organ impairment including cardiac involvement and immunological problems. Acute myocarditis is one of serious and fatal complications of COVID‐19. In this case report, we present a 46‐year‐old lady with a history of lichen planus dermatitis who has developed a rapidly progressive heart failure after an episode of COVID‐19. The pathologic examination of her endomyocardial biopsy specimens was compatible with GCM, and she was successfully treated with a combined immunosuppressive therapy regimen.
Intestinal tuberculosis—the challenging mimicker—in a young Sudanese patient: A case report
Authors: Ahmed Hayat A. , Babiker Hiba O. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article reported a case of intestinal tuberculosis (ITB)in a young patient. ITB could mimic many other diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease), abdominal lymphoma, and others which make it difficult to differentiate; hence, many ITB patients could get mis‐diagnosed and suffer wrong treatment consequences.
A fatal case of repeated ventricular fibrillation due to torsade de pointes following repeated administration of metoclopramide
Authors: Watanabe Yusuke , Nakamura Itaru , Takebayashi Yasuyuki , Watanabe Hidehiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough metoclopramide has many adverse effects, torsade de pointes (TdP) is rare. We describe a fatal case of repeated ventricular fibrillation due to TdP following repeated administration of metoclopramide. Administration of multiple doses of metoclopramide over a short time to a patient with risk factors for TdP should be avoided.
Collision lung tumor associating typical carcinoid tumor to sclerosing hemangioma
Authors: Mlika Mona , Rais Abir , Abdelkbir Amina , Saad Soumeya Ben , Abdennadher Mahdi , Baccouche Ines , El Mezni Faouzi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCollision tumors associating carcinoid tumor and sclerosing pneumocytoma have rarely been reported in the literature. The clinical presentation may be challenging especially in cases showing multiple and bilateral nodules. This case illustrates the association of both tumors diagnosed incidentally and illustrates a full spectrum of neuroendocrine lesions and sclerosing pneumocytoma. The authors present the case of a 52‐year‐old patient presenting an abdominal pain revealing a vesicular lithiasis and multiple pulmonary nodules. Radiologic follow‐up of the asymptomatic lung lesions revealed the stabilization of a left lobe lesion with a disappearance of the other lesions. A lobectomy with a mediastinal lymph node curettage was performed. The microscopic examination revealed both tumor components associating a typical carcinoid tumor to a sclerosing pneumocytoma in association to lesions of diffuse neuroendocrine hyperplasia present in the peri‐tumoral parenchyma. This case illustrates radiologic, gross, and microscopic features of a rare pulmonary tumor.
Borderline tuberculoid leprosy misdiagnosed as Cheilitis Granulomatosa Miescher: A case report
Authors: Sitaula Seema , Mishra Aman , Chalise Sanat , Mishra Aakash 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMacrocheilia, as an initial manifestation of leprosy, is uncommon. We present a case of a 50‐year‐old female, with lower lip swelling, initially diagnosed as Cheilitis Granulomatosa Miescher. Unresponsiveness to local intralesional corticosteroids necessitated further evaluation. Repeat tissue sampling yielded a confirmatory diagnosis of borderline tuberculoid leprosy, which was managed successfully.
Future insights on high temperature ceramics and composites for extreme environments
Authors: Annerino Anthony , Lawson Mark , Gouma Pelagia‐Irene 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis document summarizes key research directions as they emerged during the proceedings of the Inaugural Orton Workshop that aimed to define scientific areas of current interest to the ceramics community around the theme of: “High Temperature Ceramics and Composites for Extreme Environments.” The topic was selected due to the timely interest in such materials to meet the needs of hypersonic aviation and space exploration and habitation. Experts from funding agencies supporting ceramics research, thought‐leaders from academia with expertise spanning materials processing, characterization, and modeling, as well as research and development leaders from key (aviation‐related) industries, gathered to evaluate the state‐of‐the‐art in this field and to address key questions with the intent of accelerating research and development efforts on all fronts. Highlights of the work presented and of the discussion and brainstorming sessions are provided here. It was the purpose of the organizers (The Orton Ceramic Foundation and the Orton Chair in Ceramic Engineering at OSU) to establish this event as a service to the Ceramics community in the spirit the founder of the field of Ceramic Engineering, Dr. Edward Orton Jr.
Disease‐related thrombocytopenia in myelofibrosis is defined by distinct genetic etiologies and is associated with unique prognostic correlates
Authors: Kuykendall Andrew T. , Mo Qianxing , Sallman David A. , Ali Najla Al , Chan Onyee , Yun Seongseok , Sweet Kendra L. , Padron Eric , Lancet Jeffrey E. , Komrokji Rami S. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThrombocytopenia in patients with myelofibrosis (MF) is prognostically detrimental and poses a therapeutic challenge. MF patients with thrombocytopenia are considered high‐risk by most prognostic models and their distinct phenotype has given rise to the emerging concept of cytopenic MF. Yet, the mechanisms underlying thrombocytopenia in MF are poorly understood.MethodsThis study aimed to highlight the genetic mechanisms driving low platelet counts in treatment‐naive MF patients, establish their phenotypic correlates, and assess prognostic factors specific to this group of patients.ResultsThe authors found that most patients presenting with low platelets had a clear thrombocytopenia‐specific genetic abnormality involving a U2AF1 Q157 mutation, deletion 20q, molecular complexity (three or more mutations), or high‐risk karyotype. Etiologic clustering did not correlate with prognosis; however, thrombocytopenic patients were found to have unique prognostic variables including low serum albumin and mutations of SRSF2 and TP53. This led to the proposal of a prognostic model (SRSF2, albumin, TP53 score) that stratifies thrombocytopenic patients as low, intermediate, or high‐risk with corresponding median survivals of 93.5, 29.5, and 7.2 months, respectively.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that thrombocytopenia in MF is driven by different genetic mechanisms and is not uniformly high‐risk. As novel agents with improved hematologic safety profiles enter the treatment landscape, thoughtful, risk‐adapted therapeutic decisions will be required for MF patients with thrombocytopenia.Lay Summary

A significant minority of patients with myelofibrosis (MF) present with low platelets.

Historically, these patients have been viewed as having “high‐risk” disease, but this may not be uniformly true.

Our study shows that there are various different causes for low platelets in MF, some of which represent high‐risk disease whereas others do not.

Additionally, our study shows that genetic mutations affecting the genes SRSF2 and TP53 are uniquely problematic in this group, as is a low serum albumin level.

This study helps to risk‐stratify MF patients with thrombocytopenia, thereby providing more information to guide informed and individualized treatment decisions.
Rhabdomyosarcoma in children: Retrospective analysis from a single tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Markiz Samer N. , Khan Safia , Wagley Zainab B. , Viqaruddin Mohammed K. , Khafaga Yasser M. , AlFawaz Ibrahim A. , AlAnazi Awatif E. , AlKofide Amani , Khoja Hatem A. , Ali Afshan A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children occurring most commonly in the head and neck region. The treatment involves using a multimodality approach including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Survival for patients with localized disease has improved markedly, but the treatment of advanced disease remains a challenge. We report the clinical characteristics and outcome for patients treated at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.MethodsPatients aged 0–14 years diagnosed with RMS between 2005 and 2018 were included. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate overall and event free survival. Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐four patients were analyzed. The median age was 5.7 years with male predominance (2.4:1). The most common primary sites were head/neck (30%) and the genitourinary tract (25%). Embryonal RMS was present in 81%; alveolar in 19%. Most patients had intermediate risk disease (60%). The 5‐year overall and event free survivals were 64.3% and 53.3%, respectively. Survival was influenced by primary tumor site, histology, and clinical risk group. Unfavorable primary site, high risk stratification, and poor initial response to therapy predicted a poor outcome.ConclusionThis study provides an insight on the current management outcomes for our patients with RMS. Cytogenetics and molecular diagnostics need to be incorporated as standard of care in the therapeutic approach of our patients. In addition, there is a need for national collaborative efforts to improve the outcome of RMS in children and adolescents.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of juvenile granulosa cell tumour: A case report with summary of prior published cases
Authors: Khatun Farjana , Das Anirban , Sengupta Moumita , Chatterjee Uttara , Sarkar Ruchirendu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractJuvenile granulosa cell tumours (JGCT) are uncommon tumours of the ovary and can present diagnostic difficulty both on histology and cytology because of its rarity. Here we present the fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings of a 4 year‐old girl who came with a large abdominal mass and bleeding per vaginum. FNAC from the mass showed features suggestive of granulosa cell tumour (GCT) and which was later confirmed on histology to be of juvenile type. Only two cases of cytological findings of JGCT have been described earlier, both of which were recurrent cases and at metastatic sites. The main cytological feature in our case was presence of thick colloid like fluid containing apparent bubbles along with small clusters of uniform cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and fine vacuolation. The presence of these secretions corresponding to the macrofollicles on histology has not been reported earlier
Setting up a three‐stage pre‐endoscopy triage during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Liu Tao‐Chieh , Peng Chen‐Ling , Hsu Fang‐Yu , Chang Li‐Chun , Wang Hsiu‐Po , Chang Wei‐Kuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesBetween May and July 2021, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic led to a sharp surge in community transmission in Taiwan. We present a three‐stage restructuring process of pre‐endoscopy triage at the beginning of the pandemic, which can support urgent endoscopic procedures while protecting endoscopy staff.MethodsThe pre‐endoscopy triage framework was set up with three checkpoints at the hospital entrance, outpatient department, and endoscopy unit, with a specific target patient population and screening methods. Relevant data included the number of endoscopic procedures performed, outpatient department visits, and performing screening methods such as temperature measurement, travel, occupation, contact, and clustering history checking, polymerase chain reaction assay, and rapid antigen test.ResultsForehead temperature measurement and verification of travel, occupation, contact, and clustering history provided rapid, easy, and early mass screening of symptomatic patients at the hospital entrance. During the pandemic, outpatient department visits and endoscopic procedures decreased by 37% and 64%, respectively. The pre‐endoscopy screening methods used displayed regional variations in COVID‐19 prevalence. Among 16 endoscopy units with a community prevalence of ≥ 31.04 cases per 100,000 residents, 12 (75%) used polymerase chain reaction assay and four (25%) used rapid antigen test to identify asymptomatic patients before endoscopy. Of 6540 pre‐endoscopy screening patients, 15 (0.23%) tested positive by laboratory testing. No endoscopy‐related nosocomial COVID‐19 infections were reported during the pandemic.ConclusionsWe present a three‐stage pre‐endoscopy triage based on the local laboratory capacity, medical resources, and community prevalence. These measures could be useful during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Sediment phosphorus composition controls hot spots and hot moments of internal loading in a temperate reservoir
Authors: Albright Ellen A. , Wilkinson Grace M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhosphorus (P) flux across the sediment–water interface in lakes and reservoirs responds to external perturbations within the context of sediment characteristics. Lentic ecosystems experience profound spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the mechanisms that control sediment P fluxes, likely producing hot spots and hot moments of internal loading. However, spatiotemporal variation in P fluxes remains poorly quantified, particularly in the context of sediment chemistry as a controlling variable. We measured P flux rates and mobile sediment P forms along the longitudinal gradient of a temperate reservoir every 2 months from February to October 2020. Both aerobic and anaerobic processes mobilized sediment P throughout the year. High flux rates at littoral sampling sites (8.4 and 9.7 mg P m−2 day−1) occurred in late summer under oxic conditions in the overlying water and mobilized labile organic P. High fluxes at the profundal site coincided with hypolimnetic anoxia under ice cover and in mid‐summer (11.2 and 17.2 mg P m−2 day−1, respectively) and released redox‐sensitive P. Several high fluxes substantially skewed the flux rate distribution, providing evidence of hot spots and hot moments of internal loading. We further scaled the measured sediment P flux rates to representative areas of the lakebed to estimate internal P loads at an ecosystem scale. We found that P release from littoral sites under oxic conditions in the overlying water had an outsized impact on total loads. Our findings demonstrate the importance of considering spatial and seasonal variation in sediment P pools and fluxes in order to more accurately estimate internal loads and identify the dominant biogeochemical mechanisms involved.
Ulexite modulates the neurotoxicological outcomes of acetylferrocene‐exposed rainbow trout
Authors: Ucar Arzu , Ozgeris Fatma Betul , Parlak Veysel , Yeltekin Aslı Cilingir , Turkez Hasan , Alak Gonca , Atamanalp Muhammed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, the neuroprotective action potential by ulexite (UX) (18.75 mg/L) against acetylferrocene (AFC) (3.82 mg/L) induced neurotoxicity was aimed to investigate in brain tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss. For this purpose, the effects on neurotoxicity markers, proinflammatory cytokines, antioxidant immune system, DNA, and apoptosis mechanisms were assessed on brain tissues in the 48–96 h of the 96‐ trial period. In this research, it was determined that brain‐derived nerve cell growth factor (BDNF) level and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were inhibited in the brain tissue compared to the control group by AFC. In addition, inhibition in glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) values (which are antioxidant system biomarkers), and inductions in malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) amounts (which are indicators of lipid peroxidation) were determined (p < 0.05) after exposure to AFC. And, while tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and IL‐6 levels were increased in the AFC‐exposed group, Nrf‐2 levels were found to be remarkably decreased. Upregulation was also detected in 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) and caspase‐3 levels, which are related to DNA damage and apoptosis mechanism. On the contrary, UX (single/with AFC) suppressed the AChE and BDNF inhibition by AFC. Moreover, UX mitigated AFC‐induced oxidative, inflammatory, and DNA damage and attenuated AFC‐mediated neurotoxicity via activating Nrf2 signaling in fish. Collectively, our findings revealed that UX supplementation might exert beneficial effects and may be considered as a natural and promising neuroprotective agent against AFC‐induced toxicity.
Modelling the impact of improved photosynthetic properties on crop performance in Europe
Authors: Harbinson Jeremy , Yin Xinyou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUsing the GECROS model, we simulated the effect of improvements in photosynthesis a range of growth parameters, including yield, and on the εc (the conversion efficiency of absorbed solar energy to the chemical energy of biomass) and εi (the efficiency of solar energy interception or absorption by the canopy) parameters of the Monteith crop growth equation, for wheat and potato (which use C3 photosynthesis) and maize (which uses C4 photosynthesis). In the case of the C3 crops, the improvements in photosynthesis were via 20% increases in the parameters Vcmax (carboxylation capacity of Rubisco), Jmax (electron transport capacity), Sc/o (Rubisco specificity), κ2LL (efficiency of converting incident light into electron transport) and gm (mesophyll conductance), while for the C4 crop, it was via 20% increase in Vcmax, Jmax and Sc/o and a 20% decrease in gbs (the conductance that controls the leak of CO2 from the bundle sheath cells in C4 leaves). The changes were applied individually and in combination. The responses were modelled using climate data collected over a 10‐year period from 66 sites around Europe. Improvements in photosynthesis did result in increases in yield but with considerable variation between the parameters that were adjusted. The greatest increases were obtained for increases in Jmax and κ2LL (up to an average 11% increase for total plant biomass), and these increases were found across all Europe. Increases in both these parameters have a predominant effect on the light‐use efficiency for subsaturating irradiances. Improvements in the other parameters produced smaller increases.
Reducing memory requirements of unsteady adjoint by synergistically using check‐pointing and compression
Authors: Margetis Andreas‐Stefanos I. , Papoutsis‐Kiachagias Evangelos M. , Giannakoglou Kyriakos C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe unsteady adjoint method used in gradient‐based optimization in 2D and, particularly, 3D industrial problems modeled by unsteady PDEs may have significant storage requirements and/or computational cost. The reason for this is that the backward in time integration of the adjoint equations requires the previously computed instantaneous flow fields to be available at each time‐step. This article proposes remedies to this problem, by extending/upgrading relevant techniques proposed by the group of authors as well as other researchers. Their applicability is wide, even if these remedies are herein demonstrated in shape optimization problems in unsteady fluid mechanics. Check‐pointing is in widespread use as it reduces the memory footprint and CPU cost of the optimization with a controllable computational overhead. Alternatively, flow field time‐series can be stored in a lossless or lossly compressed form. The novelty of this article is the development of a Compressed Coarse‐grained Check‐Pointing strategy for second‐order accurate schemes in time, by optimally combining check‐pointing and lossy compression. The latter includes (a) the incremental Proper Generalized Decomposition (iPGD) algorithm and (b) a hybridization of the iPGD with the ZFP and Zlib algorithms. This is implemented within OpenFOAM, which is used to solve the flow and adjoint equations and conduct the optimization, and assessed in 2D/3D aerodynamic shape optimization problems on unstructured grids. Effectiveness in data reduction, computational cost, and reconstruction accuracy are compared, vis‐à‐vis also to the “standard” binomial check‐pointing technique after adjusting it to second‐order accurate schemes in time.
Geochronology and petrogenesis of the Early Palaeozoic Fuxi magnesian granodiorite in southern Zhuguangshan, South China Block and its geodynamic significance
Authors: Yu Yushuai , Zhou Yun , Dai Pingyun , Liu A'sui , Yang Qidi , Bao Bo , Xie Xiaozhan , Wang Chunshuang 
Published: August 2022

This study provides relevant data on the granodiorite in southern Zhuguangshan, South China Block (SCB), including mineralogical information, zircon U–Pb ages, zircon Hf isotope data, whole‐rock geochemical data, and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data. These data indicate that the granodiorite in southern Zhuguangshan crystallized at approximately 448.7 Ma. The hornblende and micas of the granodiorites are magnesio‐hornblende and Mg‐rich biotite, respectively. The granodiorite samples are characterized by relatively high SiO2 contents of 61.72–66.19 wt.%, K2O contents of 3.77–5.18 wt.%, Na2O contents of 2.42–3.16 wt.%, low FeOT contents of 3.93–5.79 wt.%, and relatively high MgO contents of 1.78–2.55 wt.%, with Mg# values (molar Mg/[Mg + Fe] × 100) of 43–50. The contents of rare earth elements (REEs) in the granodiorite specimens are 166–283 ppm, and the REEs show both a chondrite‐normalized REE pattern that inclines rightward and slightly negative Eu anomalies (0.62–0.90). The Fuxi granodiorite is rich in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs; Rb, Th, U, and K) but is depleted in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs; Nb, Ta, and Ti). All the samples have similar Sr–Nd–Pb and zircon Hf isotopic compositions and have a (87Sr/86Sr)i ratio of 0.707319–0.710888, a (143Nd/144Nd)i ratio of 0.511705–0.511760, a (206Pb/204Pb)t ratio of 17.918–18.459, a (207Pb/204Pb)t ratio of 15.711–15.813, and a (208Pb/204Pb)t ratio of 37.953–38.563. The εNd(t) and εHf(t) values range from −7.12 to −5.88 and from −9.81 to −4.45, respectively, with corresponding two‐stage Nd model ages of 1.66–1.76 Ga and two‐stage Hf model ages of 1.55–1.78 Ga. These findings indicate that the granodiorite is magnesian andesite and that the magmas are derived from a mixture of crustal and mantle materials. Based on these findings in combination with previous research results, it can be concluded that the mantle beneath the Cathaysia Block was moderately depleted during the Early Palaeozoic and that Early Palaeozoic magmatism may be related to Early Palaeozoic oceanic crust subduction.