bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for the Cure of Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis: A Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Meng Lingfei , Yang Liming , Zhu Xueyan , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Li Xinyang , Cheng Siyu , Guo Shizheng , Zhuang Xiaohua , Zou Hongbin , Cui Wenpeng 
Published: April 2022

AimPeritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis (PDAP) is a severe complication of PD. It is an important issue about whether it can be cured. At present, there is no available prediction model for peritonitis cure. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for peritonitis cure in patients with PDAP.MethodsPatients with PD who developed PDAP from four dialysis centers in Northeast China were followed up. According to the region of PD, data were divided into training and validation datasets. Initially, a nomogram for peritonitis cure was established based on the training dataset. Later, the nomogram performance was assessed by discrimination (C-statistic), calibration, and decision curves.ResultsTotally, 1,011 episodes of peritonitis were included in the final analysis containing 765 in the training dataset and 246 in the validation dataset. During the follow-up period, peritonitis cure was reported in 615 cases from the training dataset and 198 from the validation dataset. Predictors incorporated in the final nomogram included PD duration, serum albumin, antibiotics prior to admission, white cell count in peritoneal dialysate on day 5 (/μl) ≥ 100/μl, and type of causative organisms. The C-statistic values were 0.756 (95% CI: 0.713–0.799) in the training dataset and 0.756 (95% CI: 0.681–0.831) in the validation dataset. The nomogram exhibited favorable performance in terms of calibration in both the training and validation datasets.ConclusionThis study develops a practical and convenient nomogram for the prediction of peritonitis cure in patients with PDAP, which assists in clinical decision-making.
Vascular Health Is Associated With Functional Connectivity Decline in Higher-Order Networks of Older Adults
Authors: Wirth Miranka , Gaubert Malo , Köbe Theresa , Garnier-Crussard Antoine , Lange Catharina , Gonneaud Julie , de Flores Robin , Landeau Brigitte , de la Sayette Vincent , Chételat Gaël 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPoor vascular health may impede brain functioning in older adults, thus possibly increasing the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The emerging link between vascular risk factors (VRF) and longitudinal decline in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) within functional brain networks needs replication and further research in independent cohorts.MethodWe examined 95 non-demented older adults using the IMAP+ cohort (Caen, France). VRF were assessed at baseline through systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body-mass-index, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Brain pathological burden was measured using white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes, derived from FLAIR images, and cortical β-Amyloid (Aβ) deposition, derived from florbetapir-PET imaging. RSFC was estimated from functional MRI scans within canonical brain networks at baseline and up to 3 years of follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models evaluated the independent predictive value of VRF on longitudinal changes in network-specific and global RSFC as well as a potential association between these RSFC changes and cognitive decline.ResultsWe replicate that RSFC increased over time in global RSFC and in the default-mode, salience/ventral-attention and fronto-parietal networks. In contrast, higher diastolic blood pressure levels were independently associated with a decrease of RSFC over time in the default-mode, salience/ventral-attention, and fronto-parietal networks. Moreover, higher HbA1c levels were independently associated with a reduction of the observed RSFC increase over time in the salience/ventral-attention network. Both of these associations were independent of brain pathology related to Aβ load and WMH volumes. The VRF-related changes in RSFC over time were not significantly associated with longitudinal changes in cognitive performance.ConclusionOur longitudinal findings corroborate that VRF promote RSFC alterations over time within higher-order brain networks, irrespective of pathological brain burden. Altered RSFC in large-scale cognitive networks may eventually increase the vulnerability to aging and AD.
The Effective Management of Fever in Pediatrics and Insights on Remote Management: Experts' Consensus Using a Delphi Approach
Authors: Chiappini Elena , Vitale Antonio , Badolato Raffaele , Becherucci Paolo , Careddu Domenico , Di Mauro Antonio , Doria Mattia , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundEven after the publication of the 2017 update of Italian guidelines on treatment of fever in pediatrics, some fundamental questions are still open and new ones emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo assess the level of consensus among Italian pediatricians on different topics related to treatment of fever in children by using the Delphi technique.MethodsA Delphi study was undertaken between June and September 2021, when two questionnaires were consecutively sent to a panel of experts to be answered anonymously. An invitation to participate was sent to 500 pediatricians distributed over the whole national territory and 80 (16%) of them accepted to participate on a voluntary basis. The questionnaires were structured into three specific topics: “therapeutic appropriateness and management of the febrile child,” “management of the febrile child in the presence of other diseases,” and “future perspectives in remote management.” Each topic had six statements.ResultsA first-round questionnaire was sent to 80 accepting pediatricians from different Italian regions. Of the 72 respondents (23% working in hospitals and 72% outside), 33% were from northern, 12% central, and 55% southern Italy or islands. A second-round questionnaire was sent to the same 80 pediatricians and 69 of them responded, without significant differences for workplaces or geographical distribution as compared with the first questionnaire. Overall, 75 participants answered at least one of the two questionnaires. All the statements on the topics of “therapeutic appropriateness and management of the febrile child” and “future perspectives in remote management” reached the predefined cut off for consensus (75% or more). Only one statement on “management of the febrile child in the presence of other diseases” did not achieve the consensus even after the second round.ConclusionsItalian pediatricians agree on several aspects of treatment of febrile children and their expert opinions could support everyday decision process complementary to recommendations by regulatory agencies and guidelines.
Validation of the Computerized Pediatric Triage Tool, pediaTRI, in the Pediatric Emergency Department of Lenval Children's Hospital in Nice: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Authors: Tran Antoine , Valo Petri , Rouvier Camille , Dos Ramos Emmanuel , Freyssinet Emma , Baranton Emma , Haas Olivier , Haas Hervé , Pradier Christian , Gentile Stéphanie 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionA reliable pediatric triage tool is essential for nurses working in pediatric emergency departments to quickly identify children requiring priority care (high-level emergencies) and those who can wait (low-level emergencies). In the absence of a gold standard in France, the objective of our study was to validate our 5-level pediatric triage tool –pediaTRI– against the reference tool: the Pediatric Early Warning Score (PEWS) System.Materials and MethodsWe prospectively included 100,506 children who visited the Pediatric Emergency Department at Lenval Children's Hospital (Nice, France) in 2016 and 2017. The performance of pediaTRI to identify high-level emergencies (severity levels 1 and 2) was evaluated in comparison with a PEWS ≥ 4/9. Data from 2018–19 was used as an independent validation cohort.ResultspediaTRI agreed with the PEWS score for 84,896 of the patients (84.5%): 15.0% (14.8–15.2) of the patients were over-triaged and 0.5% (0.5–0.6) under-triaged compared with the PEWS score. pediaTRI had a sensitivity of 76.4% (74.6–78.2), a specificity of 84.7% (84.4–84.9), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 5.0 (4.8–5.1) and 0.3 (0.3–0.3), respectively, for the identification of high-level emergencies. However, the positive likelihood ratios were lower for patients presenting with a medical complaint [4.1 (4.0–4.2) v 10.4 (7.9–13.7 for trauma), and for younger children [1.2 (1.1–1.2) from 0 to 28 days, and 1.9 (1.8–2.0) from 28 days to 3 months].ConclusionpediaTRI has a moderate to good validity to triage children in a Pediatric Emergency Department with a tendency to over-triage compared with the PEWS system. Its validity is lower for younger children and for children consulting for a medical complaint.
Effect of Probiotic Supplements on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in First-Episode Bipolar Disorder Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Zeng Cuirong , Qiu Yan , Li Sujuan , Teng Ziwei , Xiang Hui , Chen Jindong , Wu Xiangxin , Cao Ting , Zhang Shuangyang , Chen Qian , Wu Haishan , Cai HuaLin 
Published: April 2022

Background: Currently no study has examined the effects of probiotic administration on the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and mania, as well as their correlations with the biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with bipolar disorder (BPD). The aim of this study is to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation on plasma oxidative stress-related biomarkers and different domains of clinical symptom in patients suffering from BPD.Methods: Eighty first-episode drug-naive patients with BPD were recruited. The subjects were randomized to receive psychotropic drugs supplementing with either probiotic or placebo and scheduled to evaluate with follow-ups for clinical symptom improvements and changes in the oxidative stress biomarkers. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Young Mania Rating Scale were used to assess the clinical symptomatology. The panel of plasma oxidative stress biomarkers were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) at baseline and for 3 months of follow-up, i.e., at post-treatment month 1, 2, and 3.Results: After 3 months of intervention, decreased levels of plasma lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) were found in both placebo and probiotic groups. However, six other oxidative stress biomarkers (i.e., creatine, inosine, hypoxanthine, choline, uric acid, allantoic acid) increased in BPD patients after the two types of therapies. In addition, a positive correlation between changes of LPC (18:0) and YMRS scale was found in BPD patients and this association only existed in the probiotic group. Additionally, the mania symptom greatly alleviated (pretreatment–posttreatment, odds ratio = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.01, 0.64, p= 0.016) in patients who received probiotic supplements as compared with the placebo group.Conclusion: The changes in plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with BPD have a potential to be trait-like markers, and serve as prognostic indexes for bipolar patients. Daily intakes of probiotics have advantageous effects on BPD patients with certain clinical symptoms, especially manic symptoms. The treatment may be a promising adjunctive therapeutic strategy for BPD patients in manic episode.
Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs for Psoriatic Arthritis: Findings and Implications From a Patient Centered Longitudinal Study in Brazil
Authors: Faria Ronaldo José , Cordeiro Francisca Janiclecia Rezende , dos Santos Jéssica Barreto Ribeiro , Alvares-Teodoro Juliana , Guerra Júnior Augusto Afonso , Acurcio Francisco de Assis , da Silva Michael Ruberson Ribeiro 
Published: April 2022

Background: Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs are the first-line treatment to inhibit the progression of psoriatic arthritis. Despite their widespread clinical use, few studies have been conducted to compare these drugs for psoriatic arthritis.Methods: a longitudinal study was carried out based on a centered patient national database in Brazil. Market share of drugs, medication persistence, drug costs, and cost per response were evaluated.Results: a total of 1,999 individuals with psoriatic arthritis were included. Methotrexate was the most used drug (44.4%), followed by leflunomide (40.6%), ciclosporin (8.2%), and sulfasalazine (6.8%). Methotrexate and leflunomide had a greater market share than ciclosporin and sulfasalazine over years. Medication persistence was higher for leflunomide (58.9 and 28.2%), followed by methotrexate (51.6 and 25.4%) at six and 12 months, respectively. Leflunomide was deemed the most expensive drug, with an average annual cost of $317.25, followed by sulfasalazine ($106.47), ciclosporin ($97.64), and methotrexate ($40.23). Methotrexate was the drug being the lowest cost per response.Conclusion: Methotrexate had the best cost per response ratio, owing to its lower cost and a slightly lower proportion of persistent patients when compared to leflunomide. Leflunomide had a slightly higher medication persistence than methotrexate, but it was the most expensive drug.
Atomic Insight Into Phase Transition Lowering in Shock Compressed Copper
Authors: Ling Weidong , Chen Bo , Zeng Qiyu , Yu Xiaoxiang , Zhang Shen , Zhao Zengxiu , Dai Jiayu 
Published: April 2022

High pressure structural transformation of copper (Cu) is a rather complex physical process. One of the intriguing questions that are rarely discussed is the comparison between quasi-isentropic response and adiabatic response for copper lattice transition. The ambient face-centered-cubic structure of Cu is predicted to persist over 100 TPa from ab inito calculations and experimentally demonstrated to persist until 1.15 TPa in ramp compression and 150 GPa in static compression. However, a novel body-centered-cubic (BCC) order is observed merely at 180 GPa once shock compression is applied. The mechanism of body-centered-cubic phase transition occurred at low pressure under shock compression remains elusive so far and much attention is required on the dynamics in such a phase transition. In this work, we utilize the molecular dynamics method to simulate the shock compression on a copper lattice to uncover the structural transition in the atomic scale. We report the FCC–BCC phase transition occurred at 156 GPa, and lots of disordered structures are discovered in the BCC phase after impact, revealed by a series of structure analysis tools and free energy calculations. The plethora of transient disordered structures reduces the global Gibbs free energies, thus leading to the downgrade of the transition pressure in contrast to the ramp and static compression, which provides a new perspective for structural transformation under extreme conditions.
No Difference in the Acute Effects of Randomization vs. Blocking of Units of Lower-Extremity Proprioceptive Training on Balance and Postural Control in Young Healthy Male Adults
Authors: Ivusza Patrik , Hortobágyi Tibor , Sebesi Balázs , Gáspár Balázs , Fésüs Ádám , Varga Mátyás , Malmos Vanessza , Váczi Márk 
Published: April 2022

Random practice is a form of differential learning and its favorable acute effects on motor performance are well described when visual tasks are practiced. However, no study to date has investigated the acute effects of differential learning using variable proprioceptive stimuli instead of the visual cues. The aim of the present study was to compare the acute effects of randomized versus blocked lower-extremity proprioceptive training stimuli on balance and postural adjustments. In two conditions, healthy young males (n = 15, age = 23 years) performed 16 one-legged landings on a board tilted in four directions: 1) tilt direction unknown and randomized and 2) tilt direction known with order of presentation blocked. Multi-segmental angular sway while balancing on an unstable surface and postural responses to perturbation stimulus by surface tilts were measured before and 4 min after training. Overall frontal-plane postural sway on the unstable surface decreased (p &lt; 0.05, η2 = 0.022) in both conditions, while sagittal-plane postural sway remained unchanged. When the surface was toes-up tilted in the perturbation test, the sagittal-plane shank-thigh-pelvis alignment improved in both conditions (p &lt; 0.05, η2 = 0.017), but the direction of the segmental positioning was non-uniform across participants. We conclude that randomization vs. blocking of units of lower-extremity proprioceptive training did not affect balance and postural control in our cohort of healthy young adults but the improvements were test-specific.
Association of Health Literacy With Medication Adherence Mediated by Cognitive Function Among the Community-Based Elders With Chronic Disease in Beijing of China
Authors: Jia Qiaoling , Wang Haiyan , Wang Li , Wang Yanhong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAlthough health literacy was considered to play a crucial role in non-communicable chronic disease (NCD) prevention and control, the relationship of health literacy and medication adherence has rarely given attention among older adult Chinese population in previous studies, especially considered that they might be with cognitive impairment.PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the association between health literacy and medication adherence and mediation by cognitive ability among community-based older adults with chronic disease in Beijing of China.MethodsThe older adults aged 60 years old or over were recruited in a cross-sectional survey conducted in Beijing of China by using multistage, stratified sampling method. Of those, the participants with chronic disease and need to take long-term medicine were included in our study. The information about sociodemographic characteristics, health literacy, cognition ability, and medication adherence was collected by the questionnaire. The univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the association of health literacy and adherence medication, and mediate effect by cognitive ability.ResultsThe total of 4,166 older adult populations (average age: 70.61 ± 7.38 years) was included in this study, 1,395 participants (33.49%) were non-adherence, 1,983 participants (47.60%) had two chronic conditions or more, and 1,459 participants (35.02%) screened as cognitive impairment. The health literacy was negatively associated with medication adherence. The lower total scores of health literacy were found with a high risk of non-adherence [p &lt; 0.01, adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 0.988 per one point increase, 95% CI: 0.982–0.993] controlling other covariates. However, their association tended to be weakened or even disappeared among the older adults with cognitive impairment compared with the populations with normal cognitive.ConclusionImproving health literacy might be a public health strategy to increase the medication adherence of older adults, but need to first identify the potential target population based on their cognitive ability.
Effects of Multidimensional Self-Esteems on Health Promotion Behaviors in Adolescents
Authors: Liu Bin , Tian Lu , Yang Shuo , Wang XueQiang , Luo Jiong 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the relationships between multidimensional self-esteems and health behaviors among adolescents by demographic background factors, so as to provide an important reference for the intervention of health promotion behavior and self-esteem education in the future.MethodsTaking adolescents in Chongqing as the object, this paper investigates the students in 24 primary and secondary schools (half of health promotion schools and half of non-promotion schools) by means of Stratified random sampling, and Using SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 19.0 statistical analysis software to process the collected data.Results1) gender and age significantly affected adolescents' self-esteem and health promotion behavior, which showed that boys's perception of self-esteem was lower than that of girls, while girls were more likely to implement health promotion behavior than boys; 2) Children from two parent families or families with higher parental education are more able to implement health promotion behavior and enjoy higher self-esteem, while family economic status has no effect on adolescents' self-esteem and health promotion behavior; 3) Compared with students in ordinary schools, adolescents in health promotion schools (HPS) have higher self-esteem and can implement health promotion behavior more; 4) The higher the self-esteem of adolescents, the better their health promotion behavior; The higher the sense of interpersonal ability, the more able to implement social support behavior; The higher the sense of physical ability and physiological value, the more able to implement sports behavior; The higher the sense of academic ability, the more able to implement nutritional behavior; The higher the external recognition and physiological value, the better the performance of nutritional behavior and stress management; The higher the internal evaluation, the more able to implement health responsibility and exercise behavior.ConclusionSocio-economic background can indeed have a direct or indirect impact on adolescent health promotion behavior, and multidimensional self-esteem can explain about 70% of the variation of health promotion behavior, which seems to suggest that improving adolescent self-esteem is the focus of health promotion and health education in the future.
Ultrasound-Guided vs. Landmark-Guided Lumbar Puncture for Obese Patients in Emergency Department
Authors: Li Lei , Tao Weichen , Cai Xue 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveEmergency patients are in severe and urgent condition. If the patient is obese, the traditional lumbar puncture method is more difficult. This study was to observe the comparison of ultrasound-guided and landmark-guided lumbar puncture for obese patients in the emergency department.MethodsSixty patients suspected of intracranial infection, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intraventricular hemorrhage from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected in the Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. They were randomly assigned to two groups according to the order of enrollment: Group A (Landmark-guided group, n = 30) and Group B (Ultrasound-guided group, n = 30). Follow-up assessments were performed to observe lumbar puncture time, the number of bloody CSF, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the complications, and satisfaction.ResultsCompared with group A, group B had less lumbar puncture time, lower puncture attempts, and a higher first puncture success rate (P &lt;0.05). In group B, the number of bloody CSF was less (P &lt;0.05), postprocedural low back pain was less (P &lt;0.05), intraprocedural sciatic nerve irritation and postprocedural paresthesia were less, but the difference was not statistically significant (P &gt; 0.05). Compared with group A, the postprocedural VAS in group B was lower, and the difference was statistically significant (P &lt;0.05). The total satisfaction of group A and group B was 60.0 and 86.7%, respectively. The total satisfaction of group B was higher than that of group A (P &lt;0.05).DiscussionUltrasound-guided lumbar puncture can be used for obese patients with difficulty in the lumbar puncture. It is worthy of clinical application and promotion.