bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of short post-apnea time on plasma triglycerides, lipoprotein and cholesterol derived oxysterols levels
Authors: Dolscheid-Pommerich Ramona C. , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Reinicke Madlen , Stellaard Frans , Lütjohann Dieter , Eichhorn Lars 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Apnea diving is characterized by extreme hypoxia and hypercapnia. Possible pathophysiological processes concerning the cardiovascular system are not yet fully understood. Hypoxia has effects on triglyceride metabolism and circulating blood lipids. To date, in voluntary apnea divers, no short-time hypoxia expositions focusing on plasma triglycerides, lipoprotein and cholesterol derived oxysterols levels have been performed. We hypothesize that short time hypoxemia leads to altered triglyceride, cholesterol, and oxysterol plasma levels in voluntary apnea divers.

Methods
Ten athletes performed apnea under dry conditions in a horizontal position. Plasma levels of lipids, lipoproteins and oxysterols were determined with turbidimetric immunoassays, gas chromatography (GC) - flame ionization detection (FID) and GC-MS-SIM before apnea, immediately after apnea and 0.5 h after apnea. All sterols and oxysterols were corrected for GC-FID cholesterol as measured in the same sample. Spearman’s rank correlation test was performed and pairwise comparison of absolute and cholesterol corrected plasma levels from the different sampling dates was conducted using a robust mixed linear model.

Results
We observed significantly reduced levels of apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and oxysterols (7β-OHC, 24-OHC, 27-OHC and 7-KC) for different time points. Cholesterol corrected plasma levels of the oxysterols showed no significant changes after short post-apnea time except for a significant elevation of the cholestane-3β, 5α, 6β-triol ratio.

Conclusions
We could observe that a single short time hypoxemia under dry conditions in voluntary apnea divers leads to altered triglyceride, cholesterol and oxysterol plasma levels.
Novel GLDC variants causing nonketotic hyperglycinemia in Chinese patients
Authors: Zhao Xiangyue , Zhang Guoqing , Dong Shumei , Yao Ru-En , Li Niu , Yu Tingting , Bei Fei , Wang Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Glycine decarboxylase gene (GLDC) mutations cause nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). Patients of NKH usually have heterogeneous phenotypes including respiratory failure, lethargy, myoclonic jerks, and hypotonia. The excessive glycine accumulation in brain is a crucial pathogenic mechanism.

Methods
We performed a clinical phenotypic analysis of two Chinese patients and conducted whole exome sequencing to detect possible pathogenic genes. Transcriptional experiments were carried out to evaluate the impact of GLDC c.862-2A>G on GLDC transcript splicing.

Results

GLDC variants were identified in both patients who mainly presented with hypotonia, apnea, and lethargy patient 1 had compound heterozygous variants, which were c.334+5G>C and c.862-2A>G, while patient 2 had c.862-2A>G and c.2098C>G (p.P700A) in GLDC. Transcriptional experiments of GLDC c.862-2A>G revealed the presence of aberrant transcripts leading to truncated protein products.

Conclusions
Both patients were diagnosed with neonatal NKH. Two novel splice-site variations in GLDC, c.334+5G>C and c.862-2A>G, were identified. The c.862-2A>G variation was found in both patients and was confirmed to affect the splicing of GLDC. Our study enriched our knowledge of the genotypic and the phenotypic spectrum of NKH.
Family language policy among Kurdish–Persian speaking families in Kermanshah, Iran
Authors: Tamleh Hadis , Rezaei Saeed , Boivin Nettie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Minority language studies have received increasing attention over the last decade in Iran. Drawing on Spolsky’s (Spolsky, Bernard. 2004. Language policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press) language policy theoretical framework, this inquiry reports on the language ideologies, practices, and management efforts of an under-explored group of Kurdish families residing in the city of Kermanshah. To this end, semi-structured interviews and ethnographic fieldwork guided the collection of data from 40 Kurdish–Persian bilingual parents. The thematic analysis of data revealed glaring inconsistencies among the three elements of family language policy (FLP). That is parents’ strong attachment to Kurdish did not necessarily translate into their language practices and efforts. The results also suggest that the studied parents adopted a subtractive approach to their children’s proficiency in Kurdish. We argue that parents are not the core force in heritage language maintenance and there are other external factors determining the transmission of the home language.
Preparation and radiolabeling of Iranian Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom with technetium-99m as a new agent for cancer diagnostic and therapeutic purposes
Authors: Yekany Leila Valipour , Babapour Mofrad Farshid , Shirmardi Seyed Pezhman , Erfani Mostafa , Zare Mirakabadi Abbas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the innovative methods in cancer treatment with fewer side effects is the use of active principles produced by animals and microorganisms to generate new drugs with diagnosis and treatment capability for cancer. Androctonus crassicauda scorpion venom has high potential as an anti-tumor agent and has the ability to interfere with human physiology but is still unknown. Therefore, labeling venom with radionuclides is very important to study the biological distribution of toxins for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of various diseases, especially cancer. In this research, the toxic fraction of this venom was labeled with 99mTc. The radiochemical purity of the labeled toxic fraction was obtained by using chromatographic systems. Animal biodistribution studies were performed after injecting the labeled compound into normal rats and 4T1 breast cancer-bearing mice. The radiochemical purity of 90% was obtained for labeled compound. Biological distribution studies showed relatively rapid clearance of the labeled compound from the blood circulation system. The accumulation of the labeled compound in the liver and kidney was the highest among the organs, which could indicate the possibility of toxin excretion metabolism from liver and the kidneys. The accumulation rate of the labeled compound after 15 min was 7% in the breast cancer mass, and the ratio of the distribution of the labeled compound in the breast cancer mass to the blood was 155% at 15 min post injection. The study results indicated that scorpion venom labeling with 99mTc could be a useful tool for the biodistribution and kinetic studies of the venoms for clinical use. On the other hand, based on the results of the biological distribution of the labeled compound in tumor-bearing mice, the 99mTc-venom complex can be used as an imaging agent to diagnose breast cancer. Moreover at the same time, with some measures, it can be used as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer with more consideration. We hope that the results of this study will be a step in the future for the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of cancer using natural products.
The impact of forward guidance and large-scale asset purchase programs on commodity markets
Authors: Gomis-Porqueras Pedro , Rafiq Shuddhasattwa , Yao Wenying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates how different commodity prices are affected by unconventional monetary policies (UMP) implemented by the Federal Reserve of the United States as a response to the Global Financial Crisis. We analyze impulse responses using local projections and identify UMP shocks through high-frequency identification strategy. We show that forward guidance (FG) and large-scale asset purchase (LSAP) shocks lead to distinct responses when analyzing commodity prices. We find that asset-like commodities, such as gold and silver, respond to these UMP shocks most aggressively. While an easing FG shock leads to increases in their prices, an easing LSAP shock has the opposite effect. This differential response suggests that these asset-like commodities are being used as inflation and exchange rate hedges. In contrast, production-like and agricultural commodities respond to UMP shocks in the same way as conventional monetary policy shocks. Consistent with previous literature, we find that easing LSAP shocks, to some extent, signal a negative economic outlook. Policymakers can exploit the responses from the various commodity classes examined in this paper when evaluating the effectiveness of monetary policy in different sectors of the economy.
The importance of LDH/Albumin, LDH/Lymphocyte, and LDH/Platelet ratios in the evaluation of COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant
Authors: Avcioglu Gamze , Otal Yavuz , Haydar Fadime Gullu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim is to investigate the usefulness of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)/Albumin, LDH/Lymphocyte and LDH/Platelet ratios on the prognosis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant pneumonia.

Methods
A total of 113 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and 60 healthy control group were included in this study. The cases were divided into 2 as classic COVID-19 group, and COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant group. Complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant group were also grouped according to the length of stay in the hospital and the days of hospitalization.

Results
LDH/Albumin, LDH/Platelet, and LDH/Lymphocyte ratios were found to be higher in COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant group when compared to the control group (p<0.001). The ferritin, neutrophils/lymphocyte (NLR) ratio, procalcitonin (PCT) and LDH/Albumin had the highest area under the curve (AUC) values in the COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant group (0.950, 0.802, 0.759, and 0.742, respectively). Albumin, Lymphocytes and hemoglobin values were significantly higher in the COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant group than in the classic COVID-19 group (p<0.05).

Conclusions
LDH/Albumin and LDH/Lymphocyte ratios may be useful for clinicians in predicting the risk of progression to pneumonia in COVID-19 B.1.1.7 variant patients.
Experience in implementing a patient-centered approach in a private medical organization
Authors: Moskvicheva L. I. , Genyush Yu. S. , Petrova I. A. 
Published: September 2022

Currently, taking into account the pronounced competition among modern medical organizations, attracting patients and forming a high degree of their loyalty requires significant efforts both in the field of ensuring the quality of medical services provided, and in the field of full implementation of legally enshrined patient rights, compliance with ethical and deontological norms, the formation of effective communication and integration processes between employees of a medical organization and patients and/ or their relatives, and in the context of the activities of a private medical organization, special work is also largely required to optimize the main business processes. All the activities described above are united by the concept of «patient-centered approach».Purpose of the study. To increase the degree of satisfaction of patients with the organization of medical care through the introduction of a patient-centered approach.Materials and methods. This study was undertaken using methods of analysis and synthesis, experiment and sociological measurements (questionnaires, qualitative interviews of 64 patients and 10 employees), included the study and generalization of specialized research and practical experience, work with local regulatory documents.Results. Сomprehensive work on the introduction of patient-centered principles into the activities of a medical organization had a positive impact on both the degree of patient satisfaction with the organization of medical services provided and on the assessment of modified working conditions by employees of a medical organization.Conclusion. Сonstructive optimization of the activities of a medical organization through the introduction of patient-centered principles should be carried out using an integrated approach based on international experience using project management, risk management and patient-orientation methodologies. To determine the main areas of activity and monitor the effectiveness of implemented measures, the most appropriate, relevant tools are internal audit and conducting a patient survey.
Patterns of topographic and anatomical changes in body cavities after pneumonectomy
Authors: Kagan I. I. , Vasyukov M. N. , Tretyakov A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. To study and describe the general patterns of topographic and anatomical changes after pneumonectomies on the basis of this study.Materials and methods. Computed tomograms of the chest of 53 patients (50 men and 3 women) aged 39 to 75 years before and after pneumonectomy (26 on the left, 27 on the right) were examined. Postoperative computed tomography was performed on the 10–12th day after the operation, 6 and 12 months after the intervention. The transverse, anteroposterior and angular displacements of organs and structures of the mediastinum, chest wall, and abdomen were studied. Changes in their skeletotopic and holotopic characteristics were assessed. Calculations of the volumes of the postpneumonectomy space and the remaining lung were performed.Results. Pneumonectomy causes regular, causal topographic and anatomical changes in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Displacement of organs and large vessels of the mediastinum after pneumonectomy has a multi-vector character of varying severity. Among the mediastinal organs, the most pronounced changes after pneumonectomy are the heart, which is displaced laterally, posteriorly and upward. Changes in the chest wall after pneumonectomy on the side of the operation are expressed in it, changes in the angles of inclination of the ribs, scoliotic deformity of the thoracic spine. Pneumonectomy leads to the rise of the dome of the diaphragm on the side of the operation to a height of 1–5 ribs with the corresponding topographic and anatomical changes in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Anatomical changes in the remaining lung are expressed in a partial decrease in its volume in the early postoperative period, followed by an increase in volume in the long term and the gradual formation of predominantly anterior mediastinal hernia. Postpneumonectomy cavity is reduced in the postoperative period by changing its shape. The general dynamics of changes after pneumonectomies is their occurrence in the early postoperative period, gradual progression during the year and subsequent stabilization.Conclusion. Regular post-pneumonctomic changes in the chest and abdomen must be taken into account when performing surgical interventions and invasive research methods. They can serve as a basis for clinical and functional studies of the abdominal organs in the postoperative period. They should be used in the development of postoperative diagnostic and treatment methods.
Blood coagulation system state in breast cancer patients that recovered from coronaviral infection after undergoing antitumor medical treatment
Authors: Vladimirova L. Yu. , Frantsiyants E. M. , Abramova N. A. , Novoselova K. A. , Myagkova V. S. , Katelnitskaya O. V. , Storozhakova A. E. , Popova I. L. , Kabanov S. N. , Tikhanovskaya N. M. , Kalabanova E. A. , Ryadinskaya L. A. , Lyanova A. A. , Teplyakova M. A. , Zakharchenko V. R. , Guskova N. K. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. An analysis of parameters of the blood coagulation system in breast cancer patients after coronavirus disease.Materials and methods. 50 breast cancer patients were divided into groups: the main group included 30 patients after coronavirus disease, the control group 1–20 patients without confirmed COVID‑19, and control group 2–20 non-cancer women after corona‑ virus disease. All cancer patients received appropriate chemotherapy. The following parameters were studied: activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), prothrombin index (PTI), fibrinogen, soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMCs), thrombin time (TT), antithrombin III, D-dimer and plasminogen, fibrin degradation products. Blood tests were performed 4–6 weeks after the infection and two negative PCR test results for COVID‑19.Results. Patients of the main group demonstrated differences in INR values after treatment in the subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 1.24) and with mild symptoms (Me = 0.97) U = 10; Z = 2.766; р = 0.0057, in subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 1.24) and with moderate to severe symptoms (Me = 0.98) U = 26.5; Z = 2.199; р = 0.027, and in TT values in subgroups with asymptomatic disease (Me = 14.5) and with moderate to severe symptoms (Me = 16.5) U = 18.5; Z = –2.725; р = 0.0064. The comparison of the parameters in patients after COVID‑19 before (Me = 0.83) and after treatment (Me = 0.4) showed differences in the D-dimer values in patients with moderate to severe disease U = 6.5; Z = –2.2861; р = 0.022 towards their decrease after the therapy. Differences were found in APTT values between the main group (Me = 30.65) and control group 1 (Me = 27.85) U = 119; Z = 3.574; р = 0.00035, in antithrombin values between the main group (Me = 94) and control group 1 (Me = 106) U = 112; Z = 3.713; р = 0.00021, and in SFMCs values between the main group (Me = 17) and control group 1 (Me = 8) U = 180.5; Z = 2.356; р = 0.018.Conclusions. Determination of plasminogen levels can become an independent factor in detecting thrombotic risk in cancer patients who recovered from COVID‑19. Previous infection with COVID‑19 should be considered an additional risk factor for venous thromboembolic complications for cancer patients.
Effect of xenon-oxygen inhalations on functional status of cardiovascular system in oncological patients suffering chronic pain syndrome
Authors: Potievskaya V. I. , Abuzarova G. R. , Sarmanaeva R. R. , Loboda A. V. , Potievskiy M. B. , Kuznetsov S. V. , Kaprin A. D. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. Assessment of xenon-oxygen inhalations effect on functional status of cardiovascular system in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome.Materials and methods. Randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial with assessment of xenon-oxygen inhalations effect on electrocardiogaram, blood pressure and heart rate was performed in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome received analgetic drug therapy. 48 of them were in the main group and received xenon-oxygen-air mixture containing 50 % xenon and 50 % oxygen twice a day during 7 visits, and other 47 were in control group and received oxygen-air mixture containing 50 % oxygen. Level of pain severity according to numerical rating scale and satisfaction of patients on the base of questionary were also assessed.Results. No significant negative effects of xenon on electrocardiogaram were revealed. In the main group alike the control group the QT intervals did not increase. There were multidirectional changes of T-wave without clinical symptoms in main and control groups. Xenon had no influence on heart rate but lead to statistically significant systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease. Pain severity was significantly alleviated in the main group from 50 [40; 60] to 40 [25; 50]%; p < 0,05. Satisfaction of the patients in xenon group was 71 % vs 11 % in control group; p = 0,0001.Conclusion. Xenon-oxygen inhalations had no negative side effects on electrocardiogram, blood pressure and heart rate in oncological patients with chronic pain syndrome. Xenon inclusion in complex therapy increased effectiveness of pain treatment and satisfaction of the patients.
Ultrasound patterns of metastases from papillary thyroid cancer in soft tissues of the neck
Authors: Parshin V. S. , Veselova A. A. , Bespalov P. D. , Polkin V. V. , Garbuzov P. I. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose of the study. To assess ultrasound features and patterns of features for metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in soft tissues of the neck.Materials and methods. The study included 335 histologically confirmed metastases and 102 benign lymph nodes (LN). Statistical processing was carried out in the SPSS program. The reliability between the groups was assessed by criterion t with a significance level of p < 0.05. The informative value of ultrasound signs and patterns of signs, and the probability of the presence of metastasis using binary logistic regression are calculated.Results. The 14 criteria for metastasis have been studied. There are 33 signs, i.e. types of criteria. During the statistical analysis, six most informative criteria were established: calcifications, contours, shape, depth-to-width ratio in the transverse scanning plane, state (differentiation) of the cortical and cerebral layers, echostructure. To create complexes (patterns) of ultrasonic signs, a combination of these signs was used among themselves, and five patterns were established. The first pattern, including the depth-to-width ratio in the transverse scanning plane and the echo structure, has a sensitivity (Se) of 97 %, diagnostic accuracy (Ac) of 96.5 %, area under the curve (AUC) of 96 %, the probability ranges from 95 to 99 %. The Se of the second pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure and shape, was 97.2 %, Ac – 96.8 %, AUC – 97.3 %, probability – 95–100 %. The third pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, nature, shape and contours, and the fourth pattern, including the following criteria, the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure, shape, contours and differentiation into cortical and cerebral layers, have Se 96.9 %, Ac – 97.1 %, AUC – 98.7 %, probability – 88–100 %. The fifth pattern, including the ratio of depth to width in the transverse scanning plane, echostructure, shape; contours; state (differentiation) of the cortical and cerebral layers; calcinates, has Se – 99.6 %, Ac – 99.5 %, AUC – 99.9 %, probability – 94–100 %.Conclusion. Five patterns of metastatic involvement of lymph nodes in PTC were found. The informative value of US increased from the first to the fifth pattern achieving a Se of 99.6 %, Ac of 99.5 %, AUC of 99.9 %. The probability ranged from 94 % to 100 %.