bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immature permanent incisors with complicated crown fractures treated with partial pulpotomy using white mineral trioxide aggregate and IRoot BP plus‑a retrospective long‐term study
Authors: Hu Xiaoyan , Li Yuexiang , Xu Jianguang , Li Quanli , Wang Run 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/AimsCalcium silicate cements have been widely used for pulpotomies in immature permanent teeth with complicated crown fractures due to their superior properties. However, few studies have evaluated the long‐term outcomes of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and iRoot BP Plus for partial pulpotomies. The aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes of WMTA and iRoot BP Plus for partial pulpotomies in immature permanent incisors with complicated crown fractures.Materials and MethodsChildren who had partial pulpotomies of immature permanent incisors with complicated crown fractures using WMTA or iRoot BP Plus as capping agents were enrolled. Eighty immature permanent incisors in 68 children (aged 8–13 years) were included. They were divided into two groups (WMTA and iRoot BP Plus) according to the capping agents. Clinical and radiographic information was collected during a 5‐year follow‐up period. Study data were analyzed using Chi‐square tests or Fisher exact tests.ResultsThe clinical and radiographic success rates in the WMTA (n = 36) and iRoot BP Plus groups (n = 44) were 94.4% versus 97.7% and 88.9% versus 97.7%, respectively (both p < .05). The average observation period was 74.5 ± 13.2 months and 61.9 ± 1.6 months in the WMTA and iRoot BP Plus groups, respectively (p < .01). Five cases presented with periapical radiolucencies. The WMTA group had four cases of pulp canal calcification (11.1%), while the iRoot BP Plus group had two cases (4.6%). There was crown discolouration in all cases in the WMTA group, but none in the iRoot BP Plus group.ConclusionBoth WMTA and iRoot BP Plus had favorable outcomes in promoting physiological development and maintaining the basic functions of immature permanent incisors with complicated crown fractures. As a partial pulpotomy material, iRoot BP Plus may be more suitable for the esthetic zone than WMTA.
Predicting mortality risk in dialysis: Assessment of risk factors using traditional and advanced modeling techniques within the Monitoring Dialysis Outcomes initiative
Authors: Chaudhuri Sheetal , Larkin John , Guedes Murilo , Jiao Yue , Kotanko Peter , Wang Yuedong , Usvyat Len , Kooman Jeroen P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionSeveral factors affect the survival of End Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) patients on dialysis. Machine learning (ML) models may help tackle multivariable and complex, often non‐linear predictors of adverse clinical events in ESKD patients. In this study, we used advanced ML method as well as a traditional statistical method to develop and compare the risk factors for mortality prediction model in hemodialysis (HD) patients.Materials and MethodsWe included data HD patients who had data across a baseline period of at least 1 year and 1 day in the internationally representative Monitoring Dialysis Outcomes (MONDO) Initiative dataset. Twenty‐three input parameters considered in the model were chosen in an a priori manner. The prediction model used 1 year baseline data to predict death in the following 3 years. The dataset was randomly split into 80% training data and 20% testing data for model development. Two different modeling techniques were used to build the mortality prediction model.FindingsA total of 95,142 patients were included in the analysis sample. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of the model on the test data with XGBoost ML model was 0.84 on the training data and 0.80 on the test data. AUROC of the logistic regression model was 0.73 on training data and 0.75 on test data. Four out of the top five predictors were common to both modeling strategies.DiscussionIn the internationally representative MONDO data for HD patients, we describe the development of a ML model and a traditional statistical model that was suitable for classification of a prevalent HD patient's 3‐year risk of death. While both models had a reasonably high AUROC, the ML model was able to identify levels of hematocrit (HCT) as an important risk factor in mortality. If implemented in clinical practice, such proof‐of‐concept models could be used to provide pre‐emptive care for HD patients.
THE PROPERTIES OF DIGITAL HISTORY
Authors: ROBERTSON STEPHEN 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThis article offers a definition of digital history that focuses on the core affordances of the personal computer and the process by which those properties come to be exploited. I begin by outlining the two properties of computers that I argue define digital history: they process data and (as Janet H. Murray noted) provide an immersive and interactive medium. I then examine how digital historians in the United States have employed those affordances. That process has proceeded unevenly, with computers having been used as a medium before they were employed to process data, and has produced additive forms—digital archives, digital public history, data analysis published in print—that rely on existing formats rather than on the affordances of computers. While such forms are a necessary step toward a more fully realized digital history, their prevalence suggests that it will take some time for that process to play out. The final section looks to recently published and forthcoming long‐form digital arguments for the direction of that development. Examples from Stanford University Press's Digital Projects series point to some of the ways that the data analysis and the immersive and interactive medium of the computer might be combined.
Effects of Gd2O3 and MgSiN2 sintering additives on the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of Si3N4 ceramics
Authors: Fu Shi , Yang Zengchao , Li Honghua , Wang Liang , Li Yong , Li Jiangtao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSi3N4 ceramics were prepared by gas pressure sintering at 1900°C for 12 h under a nitrogen pressure of 1 MPa using Gd2O3 and MgSiN2 as sintering additives. The effects of the Gd2O3/MgSiN2 ratio on the densification, microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity of Si3N4 ceramics were systematically investigated. It was found that a low Gd2O3/MgSiN2 ratio facilitated the thermal diffusivity of Si3N4 ceramics while a high Gd2O3/MgSiN2 ratio benefited the densification and mechanical properties. When the Gd2O3/MgSiN2 ratio was 1:1, Si3N4 ceramics obtained an obvious exaggerated bimodal microstructure and the optimal properties. The thermal conductivity, flexural strength, and fracture toughness were 124 W·m−1·k−1, 648 MPa, and 9.12 MPa·m1/2, respectively. Comparing with the results in the literature, it was shown that Gd2O3‐MgSiN2 was an effective additives system for obtaining Si3N4 ceramics with high thermal conductivity and superior mechanical properties.
Alternative Service Methods Associated With Increased Participation in the School Breakfast Program
Authors: Yeh Lindsay B. , Butt Melissa , McDonnell Elaine T. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundSchool breakfast programs (SBP) play an important role in reducing food insecurity and helping provide children with adequate nutrition. Using alternative service methods such as breakfast in the classroom, grab and go, and second chance breakfast may increase student participation.MethodsWe compared the SBP participation of students in 194 Pennsylvania schools that received a mini‐grant to support the implementation of an alternative service method to participation in the academic year prior to implementation. In addition, we examined SBP participation in 90 schools that did not receive such a mini‐grant to determine the change in participation in these schools over the 2‐year period and compared this to the change in participation in schools that did receive a mini‐grant.ResultsOverall, SBP participation in schools that received the mini‐grant increased over the 2‐year study period, a change that was not seen in schools that did not receive the mini‐grant. The largest increases were seen in schools that implemented the breakfast in the classroom model.ConclusionsAlternative service methods, particularly breakfast in the classroom, are associated with increased participation in the SBP and therefore increase access to adequate nutrition and food security for school children.
Community‐based legislative representation and postcolonial ethnic civil warfare in former British and French colonies
Authors: Jeong Tay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent research argued that the colonial policy of community‐based representation in the legislative assembly strongly increases the risk of postcolonial ethnic warfare in former British and French colonies. This paper delves deeper into the relationship by using an updated dataset that codes the receipt or non‐receipt of communal representation for nearly all ethnic groups in former British and French colonies. The results confirm the war‐inducing effect of this communalising colonial policy and additionally find that such an effect applies relatively uniformly to groups that benefited from this policy as well as those that were excluded from it. In addition, based on sociological theory and previous research, it was hypothesised that a combination of precolonial receipt of communal legislative representation and postcolonial political exclusion would make an ethnic group particularly prone to postcolonial ethnic warfare. This hypothesis, however, was not supported by the data. This null result has theoretical implications for our understanding of the conditions that give rise to conflict‐inducing psychological strain in the field of colonialism and ethnic warfare.
Transformations in contemporary Quebec nationalism, 1960–2020: A shift in the sources of collective animosities
Authors: Rocher François 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is interested in the shift of the object of hostility, which historically fuelled Quebec nationalism. The main targets of discontent have long been the ‘rest of Canada’ and the lower socio‐economic status of Francophones. After the 1995 independence referendum, the feeling of dissatisfaction with Canada, and even resentment, gradually faded. This retreating within Quebec's borders has led many French‐speaking Quebecers to become concerned about the conditions that make possible the preservation of their cultural and linguistic heritage in North America. This shift has meant that the source of concern is now individuals and groups who do not share this heritage rooted in Western Judeo‐Christian values or who are perceived not to adhere to the concerns related to the preservation and development of the French character and the dominant values within the ‘Quebec nation’. The expression of these concerns has manifested itself primarily in debates about the place religion should occupy in public and civic spaces since the mid‐2000s.
Forming an anti‐imperialist national identity in Republican China: The Finnish interpretation
Authors: Airaksinen Tiina H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on Finnish national identities because they expressed the shared experiences of newly established Finnish communities, and they were crucial in constructing a new nation. It also explores created images of the Finnish and Finland, as well as community construction in Republican China, especially after Finland gained independence in 1917. Another aim is to examine those Finnish political, cultural and economic activities that supported their identity construction in China. The specific emphasis will be on analysing the largest and sometimes cross‐functioning Finnish groups in China: the governmental officials and the commercial community. By using qualitative methods, namely, discourse analysis and historical analysis, this study shows how the Finnish community created alternative, sometimes imaginative and frequently anti‐imperialist national identities in the new Republican China. Indeed, by signing the Treaty Principles of Reciprocity and Equal Treatment, it was agreed that Finland and China ‘shall enjoy same rights, privileges, favours, immunities and exemptions which [might] be accorded to similar foreign agents in accordance with the principles of international law’. This article argues that Finnish aspirations were positively regarded by many Chinese, and they respected this quite unique national connection with Finland.
Stress‐induced F‐Box protein‐coding geneOsFBX257modulates drought stress adaptations and ABA responses in rice
Authors: Sharma Eshan , Bhatnagar Akanksha , Bhaskar Avantika , Majee Susmita M. , Kieffer Martin , Kepinski Stefan , Khurana Paramjit , Khurana Jitendra P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractF‐box (FB) proteins that form part of SKP1‐CUL1‐F‐box (SCF) type of E3 ubiquitin ligases are important components of plant growth and development. Here we characterizedOsFBX257, a rice FB protein‐coding gene that is differentially expressed under drought conditions and other abiotic stresses. Population genomics analysis suggest thatOsFBX257shows high allelic diversity inausaccessions and has been under positive selection in somejaponica,aromaticandindicacultivars. Interestingly, allelic variation atOsFBX257inauscultivar Nagina22 is associated with an alternatively spliced transcript. Conserved among land plants, OsFBX257 is a component of the SCF complex, can form homomers and interact molecularly with the 14‐3‐3 rice proteins GF14b and GF14c.OsFBX257is co‐expressed in a network involving protein kinases and phosphatases. We show that OsFBX257 can bind the kinases OsCDPK1 and OsSAPK2, and that its phosphorylation can be reversed by phosphatase OsPP2C08.OsFBX257expression level modulates root architecture and drought stress tolerance in rice.OsFBX257knockdown (OsFBX257KD) lines show reduced total root length and depth, crown root number, panicle size and survival under stress. In contrast, its overexpression(OsFBX257OE) increases root depth, leaf and grain length, number of panicles, and grain yield in rice.OsFBX257is a promising breeding target for alleviating drought stress‐induced damage in rice.
Involvement of inflammation in the medial temporal region in the development of agitation in Alzheimer's disease: an in vivo positron emission tomography study
Authors: Yasuno Fumihiko , Kimura Yasuyuki , Ogata Aya , Ikenuma Hiroshi , Abe Junichiro , Minami Hiroyuki , Nihashi Takashi , Yokoi Kastunori , Hattori Saori , Shimoda Nobuyoshi , Watanabe Atsushi , Kasuga Kensaku , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Takeda Akinori , Sakurai Takashi , Ito Kengo , Kato Takashi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe evaluation of 11C‐DPA‐713 binding using positron emission tomography for quantifying the translocator protein can be a sensitive approach in determining the level of glial activation induced by neuroinflammation. Herein, we aimed to investigate the relationship between regional 11C‐DPA713‐binding potential (BPND) and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in amyloid‐positive Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.MethodsFifteen AD patients were enrolled in this study. Correlations were evaluated between the 11C‐DPA713‐BPND and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI‐Q) scores, including scores in its four domains: agitation, psychosis, affective, and apathy. 11C‐DPA713‐BPND values were compared between groups with and without the neuropsychiatric symptoms for which a relationship was observed in the abovementioned correlation analysis.ResultsA positive correlation was found between the severity of agitation and 11C‐DPA713‐BPND in the Braak 1–3 area, including the amygdala, hippocampal and parahippocampal regions, and lingual and fusiform areas. An increase in the 11C‐DPA713‐BPND was observed in AD patients with agitation. We did not find any significant effects of possible confounding factors, such as age, duration of illness, education, gender, Mini‐Mental State Examination score, cerebrospinal fluid amyloid β 42/40 ratio, and apolipoprotein E4 positivity, on either the 11C‐DPA713‐BPND or agitation score.ConclusionsNeuroinflammation in the medial temporal region and its neighbouring area was shown to be associated with the development of agitation symptoms in AD patients. Our findings extend those of previous studies showing an association between some NPS and inflammation, suggesting that immunologically based interventions for agitation can serve as an alternative treatment for dementia.
Aerosol exposure of live bird market workers to viable influenza A/H5N1 and A/H9N2 viruses, Cambodia
Authors: Horwood Paul F. , Horm Srey Viseth , Yann Sokhoun , Tok Songha , Chan Malen , Suttie Annika , Y Phalla , Rith Sareth , Siegers Jurre Y. , San Sorn , Davun Holl , Tum Sothyra , Ly Sowath , Tarantola Arnaud , Dussart Philippe , Karlsson Erik A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLive bird markets (LBMs) have been identified as key factors in the spread, persistence and evolution of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In addition, these settings have been associated with human infections with AIVs of pandemic concern. Exposure to aerosolised AIVs by workers in a Cambodian LBM was assessed using aerosol impact samplers. LBM vendors were asked to wear an air sampler for 30 min per day for 1 week while continuing their usual activities in the LBM during a period of high AIV circulation (February) and a period of low circulation (May). During the period of high circulation, AIV RNA was detected from 100% of the air samplers using molecular methods and viable AIV (A/H5N1 and/or A/H9N2) was isolated from 50% of air samplers following inoculation into embryonated chicken eggs. In contrast, AIV was not detected by molecular methods or successfully isolated during the period of low circulation. This study demonstrates the increased risk of aerosol exposure of LBM workers to AIVs during periods of high circulation and highlights the need for interventions during these high‐risk periods. Novel approaches, such as environmental sampling, should be further explored at key high‐risk interfaces as a potentially cost‐effective alternative for monitoring pandemic threats.
Central command suppresses pressor‐evoked bradycardia at the onset of voluntary standing up in conscious cats
Authors: Ishii Kei , Idesako Mitsuhiro , Asahara Ryota , Liang Nan , Matsukawa Kanji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt remains unclear whether cardiac baroreflex function is preserved or suppressed at the onset of standing up. To answer the question and, if cardiac baroreflex is suppressed, to investigate the mechanism responsible for the suppression, we compared the sensitivity of the arterial cardiac baroreflex at the onset of voluntary and passive hindlimb standing in conscious cats. Cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was estimated from the maximal slope of the baroreflex curve between the responses of systolic arterial blood pressure and heart rate to a brief occlusion of the abdominal aorta. The systolic arterial blood pressure response to standing up without aortic occlusion was greater in the voluntary case than in the passive case. Cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was clearly decreased at the onset of voluntary standing up compared with rest (P = 0.005) and the onset of passive standing up (P = 0.007). The cardiac baroreflex sensitivity at the onset of passive standing up was similar to that at rest (P = 0.909). The findings suggest that central command would transmit a modulatory signal to the cardiac baroreflex system during the voluntary initiation of standing up. Furthermore, the present data tempt speculation on a close relationship between central inhibition of the cardiac baroreflex and the centrally induced tachycardiac response to standing up.
Prognostics in Custom-Build Electro-Hydraulic Variable-Speed Drive Applications
Authors: Bak-Jensen Terkil , Schmidt Lasse 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Developments in the field of condition monitoring for hydraulic applications have gained interest and a solid foundation ofknowledge is largely established. The interest to further develop this into prognostics has increased, as the ability to predict outages and faults implies higher reliability and economical gain. This article presents a short review focusing primarily on the possibilities to enable prognostic control and identifies important features to enable prognostics. In addition, a definition of prognostic quality is proposed including aspects such as isolability, monitorability, cause, and predictability. This is followed by the modeling of an electro-hydraulic variable-speed drive, which is used to design an algorithm to predict maintenance and possible prognostic actions. This is done through monitoring different physical and artificial indicators utilizing the states measured in the system and using the information to predict future health conditions. Thus enabling the possibility to determine if a change in the control would be beneficial in order to extend the duration where the system can fulfill its design requirements. This creates a foundation for a possible methodology to obtain prognostic control for custom-build systems. The strategy proposal involves the identified methods and relates them to the covered topics in the review.
Autofrettage and Its Impact on High-Cycle Fatigue of Hydraulic Components
Authors: Rambaks Andris , Bauer Niklas , Knipper Paul , Schmitz Katharina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aluminium alloys represent a cost-effective alternative to titanium alloys for hydraulic components in the aerospace industry. However, the inferior mechanical properties of these materials have limited their use at high pressures and hence prevented their wider adoption. Application of the autofrettage process overcomes these deficiencies and enables the use of aluminium alloys at high-pressures. In this paper, the impact of autofrettage on fatigue life is investigated by means of FEM simulations and application of the stress-life concept. Numerical calculations demonstrate that by subjecting hydraulic components to the autofrettage process significant increases in the number of cycles until failure are achievable.
Design and Modeling of Heave Compensation System Based on Secondary Regulation Technology
Authors: Wang Jingfu , Zhu Tianbao , Su Zhiyong , Tang Haodi , Zang Xu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The heave movement caused by the movement of the mother ship during the operation of the marine crane has great harm to the safety of equipment and personnel. In this paper, the structural model of the marine crane is established. According to the rigid-flexible coupling system existing in the marine crane, the Newton-Euler method and the Lagrange method are used to model the rigid part and the flexible part respectively, and the rigid part and the flexible part are modeled. The kinematics and dynamics are analyzed in this model, and the influence of the in-plane angle and out-of-plane angle generated by the swing of the hanging object cable on the heave direction of the hanging object is studied. Considering the influence of the in-plane angle and the out-of-plane angle, a heave compensation system based on the secondary adjustment technology is established, and the heave compensation is realized through the hydraulic secondary adjustment technology. The numerical simulation of the kinematic model of the marine crane is carried out, the inner loop and the outer loop of the secondary element double closed-loop speed control system model are simulated respectively, and finally the overall heave compensation system is simulated. The simulation results show that the marine crane model obtained by using the Newton-Euler method and the Lagrange method to model the rigid part and the flexible part respectively is effective, and the double closed-loop speed regulation of the secondary element is effective and the system model is also feasible. In addition, the heave compensation system can well suppress the displacement deviation of the hanging object in the heave direction.