bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal editing of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 to produce gamma‐aminobutyric acid
Authors: Yao Chengzhen , Shi Feng , Wang Xiaoyuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCorynebacterium glutamicum has been used as a sustainable microbial producer for various bioproducts using cheap biomass resources. In this study, a high GABA‐producing C. glutamicum strain was constructed by chromosomal editing. Lactobacillus brevis‐derived gadB2 was introduced into the chromosome of C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 to produce gamma‐aminobutyric acid and simultaneously blocked the biosynthesis of lactate and acetate. GABA transport and degradation in C. glutamicum were also blocked to improve GABA production. As precursor of GABA, l‐glutamic acid synthesis in C. glutamicum was enhanced by introducing E. coli gdhA encoding glutamic dehydrogenase, and the copy numbers of gdhA and gadB2 were also optimized for higher GABA production. The final C. glutamicum strain CGY705 could produce 33.17 g/L GABA from glucose in a 2.4‐L bioreactor after 78 h fed‐batch fermentation. Since all deletion and expression of genes were performed using chromosomal editing, fermentation of the GABA‐producing strains constructed in this study does not need supplementation of any antibiotics and inducers. The strategy used in this study has potential value in the development of GABA‐producing bacteria.
Synthesis and structure of new two‐dimensional group 4 metal palladium sulfides, A2MPd3S6 (A = Rb, M = Hf; A = Cs, M = Zr, Hf)
Authors: Yoon Woojin , Park Hyeongyu , Bae Sanghyun , Dong Yongkwan , Yun Hoseop 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA series of new quaternary group 4 metal palladium sulfides, A2MPd3S6 (A = Rb, M = Hf; A = Cs, M = Zr, Hf) have been prepared from elements with the use of alkali metal halide fluxes and they are structurally characterized by single crystal x‐ray diffraction methods. They are isostructural and the structure of the title compounds consists of anionic [MPd3S62−] slabs and alkali metal ions. In the slab, the group 4 metals are surrounded by six S atoms in a trigonal prismatic fashion and the Pd atoms are coordinated with four S atoms in square planar fashion. Two hexagons made of six edge‐sharing square planar PdS4 are interconnected by two trigonal prismatic MS6 to form the basic repeating unit, M2Pd12S28. These are linked together to form the infinite two‐dimensional [MPd3S62−] slabs. These slabs stack on top of each other and they are separated by alkali metal cations. There is no strong SS bonding interaction in this phase and the charge valence of the title compounds could be expressed as [A+]2[M4+][Pd2+]3[S2−]6 (A = Rb, M = Hf; A = Cs, M = Zr, Hf).
Isatuximab monotherapy in patients with refractory T‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia or T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma: Phase 2 study
Authors: Boissel Nicolas , Chevallier Patrice , Doronin Vadim , Griskevicius Laimonas , Maschan Alexey , McCloskey James , Rambaldi Alessandro , Rossi Giuseppe , Sokolov Andrey , Wartiovaara‐Kautto Ulla , Oprea Corina , Abbadessa Giovanni , Gosselin Alice , Macé Sandrine , Thomas Xavier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe poor prognosis of acute T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) and T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐LBL) in older adults and patients with relapsed/refractory illness is an unmet clinical need, as there is no defined standard of care and there are few treatment options. Abnormally elevated CD38 expression in T‐ALL and T‐LBL is associated with tumor expansion and disease development, making CD38 a potential target for anti‐T‐ALL and T‐LBL treatment. Isatuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a specific epitope on CD38. The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of isatuximab monotherapy in a phase 2, multicenter, one‐arm, open‐label study in patients with relapsed or refractory T‐ALL or T‐LBL (Clinical Trials.gov identifier NCT02999633). The primary endpoint was to assess the efficacy of isatuximab by overall response rate (ORR). An interim analysis based on the efficacy and safety of isatuximab in the first 19 patients enrolled was scheduled, however only 14 patients were enrolled in the study. No patient achieved complete response (CR) or CR with incomplete peripheral recovery. Most patients (11 [78.6%]) developed progressive disease and had progressive disease as their best response. A total of 10 (71.4%) patients had treatment emergent adverse events considered treatment‐related, with infusion reactions as the most frequent drug‐related TEAE, occurring in 8 (57.1%) patients. Despite the low efficacy of isatuximab in the current study, it is likely that the use of immunotherapy medication in T‐ALL will be expanded through logically targeted approaches, together with advances in the design of T‐cell therapy and clinical experience and will provide restorative options beyond chemotherapy and targeted treatments.
Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Cholinesterase Inhibitor and in Vitro Insecticidal Potentiality of Essential Oils of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. on the Main Carpophagous Pests of Cotton Plant in Ivory Coast
Authors: Kobenan Koffi Christophe , Ochou Germain Elisabeth Cynthia , Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan , Kouakou Malanno , Bini Kouadio Kra Norbert , Ceylan Ramazan , Zengin Gokhan , Boka Nina Reine Kosso , Ochou Ochou Germain 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe abusive and repeated use of synthetic chemical insecticides has proven to be harmful to human health and the viability of the cotton production system in Ivory Coast, so it is imperative to find alternatives.. Thus, the objective of this study was to study the chemical composition and biological activity of essential oils of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae) and Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) and to evaluate their insecticidal potential in the laboratory on three main pests of cotton. After essential oils extraction, their chemical composition was determined. Also, antioxidant activity and cholinesterase inhibitor of essential oils were evaluated. After that, different concentrations of the two essential oils were prepared and applied by contact on groups of insects constituted by ten. The essential oil of L. multiflora was the most toxic for the three pests tested. Indeed, the lethal concentrations (LC50) were 1.74 %, 1.39 and 7.20 %, respectively, on Pectinophora gossypiella, Thaumatotibia leucotreta and Helicoverpa armigera. In contrast, the values obtained with E. globulus essential oil were nine to two times greater (16.05 %, 10.23 % and 16.32 %, respectively on these pests). With respect to the chemical composition of the essential oils, E. globulus essential oil was the richest in oxygenated monoterpenes (65 %) with 1,8‐cineole or eucalyptol as the majority compound (61.6 %). The essential oil of L. multiflora was distinguished by a lower proportion of oxygenated monoterpenes (44.3 %), but it contained more terpene elements (24 vs. 15 for the essential oil of E. globulus). The essential oils of L. multiflora and E. globulus also showed significant inhibition of acetyl (2.13 and 2.16 mg galantamine equivalent (GALAE)/g, respectively) and butyryl cholinesterase (4.03 and 3.61 mg GALAE, respectively). L. multiflora was differentiated by its good inactivation of tyrosinases (163.46 versus 58.95 mg kojic acid equivalent (KAE)/g in E. globulus). Better antioxidant activity was observed with L. multiflora essential oil relative to DPPH (7.05±0.34 mg trolox equivalent (TE)/g). Biopesticides based on L. multiflora essential oil could be developed for the phytosanitary protection of cotton plant.
Silent giant left atrium: A case report
Authors: Vohra Shweta , Pradhan Akshyaya , Jaiswal Vikash , Sharma Prachi , Pokhrel Nishan Babu , Song David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 30‐year‐old woman presented with low‐grade dyspnea on exertion. Chest X‐ray demonstrated enlarged cardiac silhouette but was insufficient to delineate the cause. Echocardiogram revealed the cause to be the giant left atrium from mitral stenosis.
Spontaneous intramedullary hematoma in a patient with COVID‐19 infection: A case report
Authors: Sabouri Masih , Rezvani Majid , Aminmansour Bahram , Sourani Arman , Baradaran Mahdavi Sadegh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 73‐year‐old man experienced four limb paresthesia and weakness following severe COVID‐19 pneumonia. EMG‐NCS showed inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy pattern while cervicothoracic imaging showed hematomyelia. The patient underwent laminectomy and hematoma evacuation. Neurological status improved to ASIA score C, postoperatively.
Benchmarking of Density Functionals for the Description of Optical Properties of Newly Synthesized π‐Conjugated TADF Blue Emitters
Authors: Ivanova Georgia , Bozova Nadezhda , Petkov Nikolay , An Cunbin , Hu Benlin , Mutovska Monika , Konstantinov Konstantin , Zagranyarski Yulian , Videva Vladimira , Yordanova Adelina , Baumgarten Martin , Ivanova Anela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComputational modeling of the optical characteristics of organic molecules with potential for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) may assist markedly the development of more efficient emitting materials for organic light‐emitting diodes. Recent theoretical studies in this area employ mostly methods from density functional theory (DFT). In order to obtain accurate predictions within this approach, the choice of a proper functional is crucial. In the current study, we focus on testing the performance of a set of DFT functionals for estimation of the excitation and emission energy and the excited singlet‐triplet energy gap of three newly synthesized compounds with capacity for TADF. The emitters are designed specifically to enable charge transfer by π‐electron conjugation, at the same time possessing high‐energy excited triplet states. The functionals chosen for testing are from various groups ranging from gradient‐corrected through global hybrids to range‐separated ones. The results show that the monitored optical properties are especially sensitive to how the long‐range part of the exchange energy is treated within the functional. The accurate functional should also be able to provide well balanced distribution of the π‐electrons among the molecular fragments. Global hybrids with moderate (less than 0.4) share of exact exchange (B3LYP, PBE0) and the meta‐GGA HSE06 are outlined as the best performing methods for the systems under study. They can predict all important optical parameters correctly, both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Food security, diet quality, nutritional knowledge, and attitudes towards research in adults with heart failure during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ambrosy Andrew P. , Malik Umar I. , Leong Thomas K. , Allen Amanda R. , Sung Sue Hee , Go Alan S. ,   Healthy Eating as a Means for Active Living in Heart Failure (HEAL‐HF) Study
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on diet and nutrition among older adults with chronic medical conditions have not been well‐described.MethodsWe conducted a survey addressing (1) food access, (2) diet quality and composition, (3) nutritional understanding, and (4) attitudes towards research among adults with heart failure (HF) within an integrated health system. Adults (≥18 years) with diagnosed HF and at least one prior hospitalization for HF within the last 12 months were approached to complete the survey electronically or by mail. Outcomes included all‐cause and HF‐specific hospitalizations and all‐cause death was ascertained via the electronic health record.ResultsAmong 1212 survey respondents (32.5% of eligible patients) between May 18, 2020 and September 30, 2020, mean ± SD age was 77.9 ± 11.4 years, 50.1% were women, and median (25th–75th) left ventricular ejection fraction was 55% (40%–60%). Overall, 15.1% of respondents were food insecure, and only 65% of participants answered correctly more than half of the items assessing nutritional knowledge. Although most respondents were willing to participate in future research, that number largely declined for studies requiring blood draws (32.2%), study medication (14.4%), and/or behavior change (27.1%). Food security, diet quality, and nutritional knowledge were not independently associated with outcomes at 90 or 180 days.ConclusionIn a cohort of older adults with HF and multiple comorbidities, a significant proportion reported issues with food access, diet quality, and nutritional knowledge during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Future research should evaluate interventions targeting these domains in at‐risk individuals.
Environmental and sensitization variations among asthma and/or rhinitis patients between 2008 and 2018 in China
Authors: Wang Wanjun , Wang Jianhong , Song Guihua , Xie Hua , Lin Xiaoping , Chai Ruonan , Zhu Rongfei , He Yong , Tang Jun , Wang Junge , Yang Jinghua , Zhi Lili , Wu Lin , Jiang Yan , Zhou Xiaoqin , Huang Dongming , Wang Ning , Xu Rui , Gao Yuan , Chen Zhimin , Liu Jinling , Han Xiaoli , Tan Guolin , Wu Jinzhun , Zhao Deyu , Chen Jianjun , Zhang Xiwei , Li Mengrong , Sun Yuemei , Jiang Yi , Zhang Weitian , Qiu Qianhui , Liu Chuanhe , Yin Jie , Hao Guodong , Li Huabin , Xu Yongsheng , Chen Shaohua , Zhang Hua , Chen Shi , Meng Juan , Zeng Dan , Tang Wei , Hao Chuangli , Li Jing , Zhong Nanshan ,   for the China Alliance of Research on Respiratory Allergic Disease
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the changes in allergen sensitization in China secondary to the environmental variations over the past decade. We aimed at investigating the variations in sensitization among asthma and/or rhinitis patients in China between 2008 and 2018.MethodsThis study analyzed cross‐sectional data from national surveys conducted in China in 2008 and 2018. After finishing the questionnaire, participants underwent serum specific IgE measurements. A total of 2322 and 2798 patients were enrolled in 2008 and 2018, respectively. The significance of differences in sensitization rates among four regions of China were assessed. Correlation analysis was used to identify the associations of sensitization with climate change and planting of Artemisia desertorum between the two surveys.ResultsCompared with 2008, the general sensitization rate to mites significantly increased in 2018, which ranked highest among all tested allergens. Sensitization to pollens, especially Artemisia vulgaris, showed the greatest increase in the north. The annual mean temperature, rainfall and relative humidity in all four regions, and the Artemisia desertorum coverage in the northeastern area, increased significantly in 2018 as compared with 2008. From 2008 to 2018, an increase in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus sensitization was significantly associated with an increase in relative humidity (r = 0.54, p = 0.037). The increase in A. vulgaris sensitization was significantly associated with the increase in the A. desertorum planting area (r = 0.67, p = 0.006) and with a decrease in rainfall (r = −0.59, p = 0.021).ConclusionsHouse dust mites remain the most important allergen in Chinese individuals with asthma and/or rhinitis. Pollen sensitization dramatically increased in northern China. Increases in sensitization to dust mites and Artemisia were related to the increases in humidity and planting area of A. desertorum.
Tracing responses to recognition in the Oslo peace process and its aftermath—The interlinkage between relational and internal ontological security
Authors: Strömbom Lisa , Kapshuk Yoav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeace processes are highly volatile and invite constructive as well as destructive relationship‐shifts. By connecting theories of recognition, ontological security, and conflict transformation, this article displays how a conflict settlement process might enable deep‐ranging conflict transformation in a process ranging from thin to thick recognition, and conversely, how that may spur backlashes whereby parties to conflict resist identity fluctuations in violent ways. By using illustrations from key developments in the Israeli–Palestinian peace process, with its inherent elaborations on recognition and identity, this article showcases promises and pitfalls that may be the result of increased recognition of identity among conflict parties. The analysis unwraps how shifts in relations among parties which may lower ontological insecurities can spur introspection and increased thick recognition of the other party to conflict which also comes with shifts in self‐images. This is a highly volatile trajectory, sensitive to deterioration in relations among parties, which at a later stage can cause immense backlashes, creating furthered rifts between conflict parties as well as among internal actors who have different views on how far it is possible to go in terms of recognizing past wrongdoings in the conflict. By linking relational and internal aspects of ontological security to processes of recognition, understandings on the linkage between negotiation/conflict resolution and historical acknowledgement are furthered.
Timing, volume and precursory indicators of rock‐ and cliff fall on a permafrost mountain ridge (Mattertal, Switzerland)
Authors: Hendrickx Hanne , Le Roy Gaëlle , Helmstetter Agnès , Pointner Eric , Larose Eric , Braillard Luc , Nyssen Jan , Delaloye Reynald , Frankl Amaury 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh mountain environments are increasingly affected by rockfall‐related hazards, driven by climate change. Studying rockfall in these environments is, however, challenging due to the inaccessibility of mountain ridges and the complex interaction between controlling factors. In this study, the rock wall of Grosse Grabe North Pillar in the Matter valley (Western Swiss Alps) was studied in detail over a timespan of 4 years (2017–2021). Data was collected from time‐lapse photography, terrestrial laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and seismic measurements. The presented dataset is unique because data collection started before the onset of the rock wall destabilization, allowing us to understand precursory indicators of large‐scale events. In total, we recorded 382 rock‐ and cliff fall events (100–31 300 m3), with a total volume of 204 323 ± 8173 m3, resulting in a scar depth of ~40 m. An associated rock wall retreat rate of 71.2 ± 2.8 mm year−1 was calculated for the 1991–2021 period. Highly fractured south‐exposed gneiss lithology is viewed as the main predisposition for the observed rock‐ and cliff fall events, allowing high‐temperature oscillations to cause irreversible movements at fracture level. Cliff falls (104–106 m3) were preluded by an outward movement of the rock wall that started to increase 1.5 years before any significant collapse of the rock wall, reaching locally up to 30 cm. All cliff fall events occurred in summer, exposing ice in the clefts. This is assumed to be the base of the permafrost from the north side. Rapid permafrost degradation is viewed as a triggering factor after its exposure, causing progressive failure of the rock wall, leading to very high rock wall retreat rates on a decadal timescale.
Trust and inclusion during the Covid‐19 pandemic: Perspectives from Black and South Asian people living with dementia and their carers in the UK
Authors: Armstrong Megan , Aker Narin , Nair Pushpa , Walters Kate , Barrado‐Martin Yolanda , Kupeli Nuriye , Sampson Elizabeth L. , Manthorpe Jill , West Emily , Davies Nathan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionPeople from ethnic minority backgrounds living with dementia are more likely to be diagnosed later and have less access to health and social care support than their White counterparts in the United Kingdom (UK). Covid‐19 has exacerbated health inequalities and diminished trust from underserved communities in the government and health services. The wider aim of the study was to explore the impact of covid‐19 on Black and South‐Asian people living with dementia and their carers as well as exploring the experiences of dementia care. The present paper specifically explores their views on trust and mistrust using an ecological model.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 11 family carers and four people living with dementia from South Asian or Black communities living in the community. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data.DesignAn exploratory qualiative design was used.ResultsFour main themes were developed exploring trust at the structural, organisational, community and individual level. At the structural level, participants discussed the inequity of Covid‐19, some lack of trust in the UK Government and confusion in its messaging, and the anxiety sometimes leading to curtailment of media usage. At the organisational level, there was some evidence of a perceived lack of person‐centred and culturally sensitive care from healthcare professionals, as well as concerns around care homes as places of safety. At the neighbourhood community level, participants discussed both a distrust as well as a strengthening of relationships and, at the individual level, factors such as knowledge of services, identity, and faith influenced their experience of the pandemic.ConclusionsPeople living with dementia need support at all levels and this study highlights how the pandemic impacted each level. Ways to improve trust in the Government and health professionals alongside culturally adapted health messaging should be explored. Alongside this, an examination of how cultural values and norms may influence help‐seeking responses to dementia and increase trust in services may be helpful post‐pandemic.
Tumor‐derived exosomes induce immunosuppressive macrophages to foster intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression
Authors: Luo Chubin , Xin Haoyang , Zhou Zhengjun , Hu Zhiqiang , Sun Rongqi , Yao Na , Sun Qiman , Borjigin Uyunbilig , Wu Xia , Fan Jia , Huang Xiaowu , Zhou Shaolai , Zhou Jian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Macrophages are prominent components of solid tumors and exhibit distinct functions in different tumor microenvironments. Exosomes are emerging as necessary mediators of the cross‐talk between tumor cells and the microenvironment. However, the underlying mechanisms of exosomes involving into crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages during disease progression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have not been yet fully realized.

Approach and Results
We found that the macrophages of ICC tumor tissues up‐regulated the expression levels of immunosuppressive molecule programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Increased PD‐L1+ macrophages in tumor tissues effectively suppressed T‐cell immunity and correlated with poor survival rates in patients with ICC. High‐throughput RNA‐sequencing analysis that was performed to identify differential levels of microRNAs (miRNAs) between exosomes derived from ICC cells and primary human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells revealed that miR‐183‐5p was increased in ICC cell‐derived exosomes. Exosomal miR‐183‐5p inhibited phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression, to subsequently affect the elevations on both phosphorylated AKT and PD‐L1 expression in macrophages. Furthermore, macrophages that treated with ICC cell–derived exosomes significantly suppressed T‐cell immunity in vitro and contributed to the growth and progression of ICC in vivo, which were reversible through blockages on PD‐L1 of these macrophages. Finally, clinical data showed that up‐regulated levels of plasma exosomal miR‐183‐5p correlated with poor prognosis of patients with ICC after curative resection.

Conclusions
Tumor‐derived exosomal miR‐183‐5p up‐regulates PD‐L1‐expressing macrophages to foster immune suppression and disease progression in ICC through the miR‐183‐5p/PTEN/AKT/PD‐L1 pathway. Exosomal miR‐183‐5p is a potential predictive biomarker for ICC progression and a potential target for development of therapeutic strategies against immune tolerance feature of ICC.