bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract SY39-01: The DNA damageome and cancer evolution
Authors: Rosenberg Susan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
DNA damage provokes mutations, genome instability, cancer and biological aging and results from external agents or endogenous cellular processes. We identified networks of unrelated proteins of diverse functions that promote DNA damage when overproduced: the DNA “damageome” proteins (DDPs). We found a large overproduction DDP network in Escherichia coli and find that the proteins promote mutagenesis and genome instability by various mechanisms—three of which we identify. Their 284 human homologs are over-represented among known cancer drivers, and their expression in tumors predicts heavy mutagenesis and poor prognosis. When overproduced in human cells, many of the human homologs promote DNA damage and mutation, with DNA-damaging mechanisms like those in E. coli. As the earliest upstream provocateurs of cancer evolution, the proteins of DNA damageome networks may indicate that there are evolution-accelerating functions of many human known and newly implicated cancer-promoting proteins.
Citation Format: Susan Rosenberg. The DNA damageome and cancer evolution [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr SY39-01.
Abstract SY39-03: Lung cancer evolution and its prognostic impact
Authors: Jamal-Hanjani Mariam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, and genomic intratumour heterogeneity as a result of cancer evolution has been linked to therapeutic resistance and poor outcomes. TRACERx is a prospective longitudinal cancer evolution programme which aims to investigate the relationship between intratumour heterogeneity and clinical outcomes, and to map the evolutionary pathways adopted in lung cancer from early to late stage disease. Here we present our findings from mutational, copy number and mutational signature analyses in over 420 tumours, and provide insights into the shared patterns of tumour evolution and their impact on prognosis. We demonstrate a significant association between somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) intratumour heterogeneity, defined as the percentage of subclonal SCNAs as previously reported, and poor outcomes. Furthermore, we find that subclonal genome doubling, a driver of SCNA intratumour heterogeneity, is associated with poor outcome independent of clinical variables, such as tumour stage.
Citation Format: Mariam Jamal-Hanjani. Lung cancer evolution and its prognostic impact [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr SY39-03.
Impaired Antitumor Immune Response inMYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Is Associated with Lack of CCL2 Secretion and Poor Dendritic Cell Recruitment
Authors: Kacher Jamila , Manches Olivier , Aspord Caroline , Sartelet Hervé , Chaperot Laurence 
Published: June 2022

In neuroblastoma, MYCN amplification is associated with sparse immune infiltrate and poor prognosis. Dendritic cells (DC) are crucial immune sentinels but their involvement in neuroblastoma pathogenesis is poorly understood. We observed that the migration of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DC induced by MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma supernatants was abrogated by the addition of anti-CCL2 antibodies, demonstrating the involvement of the CCR2/CCL2 axis in their recruitment by these tumors. Using public RNA sequencing and microarray datasets, we describe lower level of expression of CCL2 in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma tumors, and we propose a working model for T-cell recruitment in neuroblastoma tumors in which CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells initiates the recruitment of monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs. Among these cells, the CD1c+ subset may recruit T cells by means of CCL19/CCL22 secretion. In vitro, supernatants from DCs cocultured with neuroblastoma cell lines and activated contain CCL22 and CCL19, and are chemotactic for both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. We also looked at immunomodulation induced by neuroblastoma cell lines, and found MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma cell lines were able to create a microenvironment where DC activation is enhanced. Overall, our findings highlight a major role for CCL2/CCR2 axis in monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid cells recruitment toward MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, allowing further immune cell recruitment, and show that these tumors present a microenvironment that can favor DC responses.Significance:In MYCN-nonamplified neuroblastoma, CCL2 produced by neuroblastoma cells induces the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells (DCs and monocytes/macrophages), allowing infiltration by T cells, in link with CCL19 and CCL22 production, hence favoring immune responses.
Economia Verde e Políticas Públicas: propostas para a Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Pagotto Lívia Menezes , Machado Jutta Schmidt , Frederick Marianne Karin Biben , Guimarães Adriana Gomes 
Published: June 2022

A economia verde é definida como aquela economia que resulta em melhoria do bem estar humano e da igualdade social ao mesmo tempo em que reduz significativamente os riscos ambientais e a escassez ecológica. Três características fundamentam o conceito: baixo carbono, uso eficiente dos recursos naturais e ser socialmente inclusiva (UNEP, 2011). A estruturação de uma estratégia voltada ao estabelecimento de uma economia verde demanda, por parte de cada país, a combinação de uma série de políticas e instrumentos, entre eles políticas públicas. No contexto dos desafios brasileiros para o estabelecimento de uma economia de baixo carbono, o presente artigo pretende discutir quais políticas públicas já foram ou estão sendo implementadas no Brasil, e de que forma elas estão sendo traduzidas especialmente para a região amazônica. Acredita-se que a Amazônia brasileira possa ter, por suas especificidades e potencial, um papel importante no posicionamento e avanço do Brasil rumo a uma economia de baixo carbono. A análise das principais políticas públicas mostra que o país vem desenvolvendo, desde o início do século XX, uma série de iniciativas voltadas à indução de uma economia verde em âmbito nacional, com poucas iniciativas específicas para a Amazônia. Como proposta, sugere-se o estabelecimento de uma agenda pública, transversal e multistakeholder, dedicada ao debate e avanços de políticas públicas voltadas à economia verde e inclusiva com foco na região Amazônica brasileira. Tal agenda consistiria nos seguintes processos e mecanismos: (i) um conjunto de políticas públicas voltadas à economia verde; (ii) processos de governança e participacão social; (iii) instrumentos de monitoramento e avaliação do desenvolvimento; (iv) valorização e capacitação do capital humano e; (v) mobilização de recursos financeiros. Palavras-chave: Amazônia; Brasil; economia de baixo carbono; economia verde; políticas públicas.
Adesão ao Fascismo e Preconceito Sutil contra Negros: um estudo com universitários na cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Galeão-Silva Luis Guilherme 
Published: June 2022

Resumo Várias pesquisas recentes demonstram forte redução da crença de que o Brasil seja uma democracia racial. Aparentemente, muitos comportamentos mudaram no país, o que justifica a investigação do significado dessas mudanças. Nesse sentido, propomos partir de uma comparação entre essas novas manifestações do preconceito racial e sua tendência para aderir ao fascismo. Para esse estudo, foi confeccionado um questionário composto por três escalas do tipo Likert: preconceito sutil e preconceito flagrante (Pettigrew e Meerteens, 1995) e escala F (Adorno et al., 1965). Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram 133 estudantes universitários do curso de Administração de Empresas. Um resultado significativo da pesquisa foi a correlação entre a tendência para adesão ao fascismo e o preconceito sutil contra negros. Palavras-Chave: Preconceito Sutil, Racismo, Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, Fascismo. Severalrecent surveysshow a strongreductionof the belief thatBrazil isaracial democracy.Apparently, many behaviors have changedin the country,it’s justify the investigation of thesignificance of these changes.Accordingly,we proposeacomparison betweenthese new manifestationsof racial prejudiceand its tendencyto fascist attitude.For this study,we preparedaquestionnaire composed ofthree Likertscales:subtleprejudiceandblatantprejudice(Pettigrew andMeerteens, 1995) andF scale(Adornoetal.,1965).The subjectswere133 undergraduate studentsof Business Administration universitiesin SãoPaulo. A significant resultof the researchwasthe correlationbetween the tendencyto fascist attitude andsubtleprejudiceagainst blacks. Keywords: Prejudice against blacks, fascist attitude, subtle bias. Varias encuestasrecientes muestranuna fuerte reducción de la creencia de que Brasil es una democracia racial.Al parecer,muchos de los comportamientoshan cambiado en el país, lo suficiente como para justificar la investigación del significado de estos cambios.En consecuencia, se propone una comparación entreestas nuevas manifestacionesdel prejuicio racialy sutendencia a adherirseal fascismo.Paraeste estudio, hemoselaborado un cuestionariocompuesto por tresescalas de Likert: el prejuiciosutily prejuicioevidente (PettigrewyMeerteens, 1995)y la escalaF (Adorno et al. ,1965).Los sujetos fueron133 estudiantesde pregradoen Administración de Empresasen la ciudad deSão.Uno resultado importante de la investigación fuela correlación entre latendencia a adherirseal fascismo y alprejuicio sutilcontra los negros.Palabras clave: Los prejuicios contra los negros, la adhesión al fascismo, los prejuiciossutiles.
A Imagem da Mulher nas Propagandas Televisivas: uma análise na perspectiva de Gênero
Authors: López-Barreyro Luz Amparo 
Published: June 2022

Este artigo busca articular a noção de gênero como um recorte fundamental na formação da identidade das pessoas com o princípio de que a mídia (e particularmente a propaganda televisiva) tem uma influência decisiva na socialização, pelo menos na sociedade ocidental atual, sendo um dos principais veículos de transmissão da ideologia de gênero. Este trabalho traz uma breve revisão da literatura recente sobre gênero e mídia e, por meio da observação, faz uma análise de propagandas televisivas visando apreender a forma como a mulher nelas é representada. Palavras-chave: “Gênero” “Mulher” “Mídia” “Propaganda”
PIKfyve-Dependent Phosphoinositide Dynamics in Megakaryocyte/Platelet Granule Integrity and Platelet Functions
Authors: Caux Manuella , Mansour Rana , Xuereb Jean-Marie , Chicanne Gaëtan , Viaud Julien , Vauclard Alicia , Boal Frédéric , Payrastre Bernard , Tronchère Hélène , Severin Sonia 
Published: June 2022

Background:

Secretory granules are key elements for platelet functions. Their biogenesis and integrity are regulated by fine-tuned mechanisms that need to be fully characterized. Here, we investigated the role of the phosphoinositide 5-kinase PIKfyve and its lipid products, PtdIns5P (phosphatidylinositol 5 monophosphate) and PtdIns(3,5)P
2
(phosphatidylinositol (3,5) bisphosphate) in granule homeostasis in megakaryocytes and platelets.

Methods:
For that, we invalidated PIKfyve by pharmacological inhibition or gene silencing in megakaryocytic cell models (human MEG-01 cell line, human imMKCLs, mouse primary megakaryocytes) and in human platelets.

Results:

We unveiled that PIKfyve expression and its lipid product levels increased with megakaryocytic maturation. In megakaryocytes, PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P
2
were found in alpha and dense granule membranes with higher levels in dense granules. Pharmacological inhibition or knock-down of PIKfyve in megakaryocytes decreased PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P
2
synthesis and induced a vacuolar phenotype with a loss of alpha and dense granule identity. Permeant PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P
2
and the cation channel TRPML (transient receptor potential mucolipin) 1 and TPC (two pore segment channel) 2 activation were able to accelerate alpha and dense granule integrity recovery following release of PIKfyve pharmacological inhibition. In platelets, PIKfyve inhibition specifically impaired the integrity of dense granules culminating in defects in their secretion, platelet aggregation, and thrombus formation.

Conclusions:

These data demonstrated that PIKfyve and its lipid products PtdIns5P and PtdIns(3,5)P
2
control granule integrity both in megakaryocytes and platelets.
Integrated care teams in primary care improve clinical outcomes and care processes in patients with non-communicable diseases
Authors: Hu Pei Lin , Tan Cynthia Yan-Ling , Nguyen Ngoc Hoang Long , Wu Rebekah Ryanne , Bahadin Juliana , Nadkarni Nivedita Vikas , Tan Ngiap Chuan 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Primary care physicians face the increasing burden of managing multimorbidities in an ageing population. Implementing an integrated care team (ICT) with defined roles and accountability to share consultation tasks is an emerging care model to address this issue. This study compared outcomes with ICT versus usual care for patients with multimorbidities in primary care.

Methods:
Data was retrospectively extracted from the electronic medical records (EMRs) of consecutive adult Asian patients empanelled to ICT and those in UC at a typical primary care clinic (polyclinic) in eastern Singapore in 2018. The study population had hypertension, and/or hyperlipidaemia and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical outcomes included the proportion of patients (ICT vs. UC) who attained their treatment goals after 12 months. Process outcomes included the proportion of patients who completed annual diabetic eye and foot screenings, where applicable.

Results:
Data from 3,302 EMRs (ICT = 1,723, UC = 1,579) from January 2016 to September 2017 was analysed. The ICT cohort was more likely to achieve treatment goals for systolic blood pressure (SBP) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38–1.68), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.49–1.99), and glycated haemoglobin (AOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.09–1.51). The ICT group had higher uptake of diabetic retinal screening (89.1% vs. 83.0%, P < 0.001) and foot screening (85.2% vs. 77.9%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The ICT model yielded better clinical and process outcomes than UC, with more patients attaining treatment goals.
Telecarers improve osteoporosis treatment and compliance rates in secondary osteoporosis prevention for elderly hip fracture patients
Authors: Gani Linsey Utami , Tan Francine Chiu Lan , King Thomas Federick James 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
A significant treatment gap has been observed in patients with osteoporosis. Our previous audit found a 31.5% rate of anti-osteoporosis medication initiation after fragility fractures at one year. We piloted the use of telecarers to monitor osteoporosis treatment and compliance.

Methods:
From January 2017 to January 2018, all hip fracture patients at Changi General Hospital, Singapore, were automatically enrolled into the Health Management Unit valued care hip fracture programme. Telecarer calls were scheduled at discharge, 3, 6 and 12 months. We assessed the acceptability, completion and treatment rates of patients enrolled in this programme.

Results:
A total of 537 patients with a hip fracture were enrolled in the telecarer programme over one year. Their average age was 79.8 ± 8.23 years, and 63.1% of them were female. A total of 341 patients completed 12 months of follow-up, of which 251 (73.6%) patients were on treatment at 12 months. The most common cause of lack of initiation of secondary osteoporosis treatment was patient or family rejection (34.4%), followed by physician failure to prescribe (24.4%) and renal impairment (24.4%). 16.7% of patients were deemed to have advanced dementia with a life-limiting illness and were, thus, deemed unsuitable for treatment.

Conclusion:
Telecarers may be a useful adjunct in the monitoring of osteoporosis treatment after hip fractures in an elderly population. The main limitations are patient or family rejection and physician inertia. Further studies should focus on a combination of interventions for both patients and physicians to increase awareness of secondary fracture prevention.
Bank Financial Performance and its Linkage with Capital: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis of Public Sector Banks in India
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arindam 
Published: June 2022

This article empirically investigates the linkage of capital infusion in the Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in India with the capital adequacy, asset quality, profitability, operational efficiency and the market position of the banks. Utilising a balanced panel data of total 21 PSBs over 9 years (2009 to 2017), we analyse the key determinants of the Indian PSBs’ profitability, net interest margin (NIM), solvency and market efficiency. The study applies a two-step dynamic panel generalised methods of moments. We find empirical evidence that the Capital Infusion programme of the Government during 2008–2009 to 2016–2017 has significant impact on the performance of PSBs in India. We have observed that with frequent infusion of capital by the government, banks were able to meet the regulatory Basel II/III capital adequacy requirements and it has positive influence on their market capitalisation as well as NIM. However, capital infusion has an insignificant impact on improving return on assets (ROA) of banks. Our study suggests that a higher common equity tier 1 capital ratio leads to better market reputation and solvency position of the banks. The results of the study provides insight for bank management, regulators and policymakers for improving bank performance and better utilisation of scarce capital and public money. JEL Code: G21, G32, G34
Evaluation of machine learning techniques for structural health monitoring using ultrasonic guided waves under varying temperature conditions
Authors: Abbassi Abderrahim , Römgens Niklas , Tritschel Franz Ferdinand , Penner Nikolai , Rolfes Raimund 
Published: June 2022

The implementation of machine learning methods for structural health monitoring applications has proven to be very effective, especially in detecting damage and compensating for environmental and operational conditions. The use of guided waves in this area has also shown to be a powerful tool due to their sensitivity to structural changes in the propagation medium. In this work, two strategies for detecting damage and distinguishing their positions and for dealing with temperature variations without an additional classical temperature compensation technique are investigated. For this purpose, four unsupervised dimensionality reduction learning methods were used and compared: Principal Component Analysis, Kernel Principal Component Analysis, t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding and Autoencoder. The first strategy (score plot) consists of using the latent dimensions directly to distinguish the data points of different states of the structure, and the second (DI plot) proposes a method to use Q- and T2-statistics, which have been proposed in previous work for PCA, computed using the compressed representation of the monitoring data. To this end, monitoring data from intact and damaged states of a 500x500x2 mm plate of carbon-fibre–reinforced polymer recorded by 12 piezoelectric transducers at different temperatures are examined. As a reversible damage model, a 10 mm thick aluminium disc is placed at four different locations on the plate. The results primarily show the success of the methods used with DI plot in detecting damage regardless of varying temperature. The autoencoder in the first strategy also demonstrates promising performance in detecting and distinguishing the position of the damage, even in the presence of varying temperature conditions.
In-silico Studies Calculated a New Chitin Oligomer Binding Site Inside Vicilin: A Potent Antifungal and Insecticidal Agent
Authors: Saeed Ahsan , Rafiq Zahra , Imran Muhammad , Saeed Qamar , Saeed Muhammad Q. , Ali Zahid , Iqbal Rana K. , Hussain Saber , Khaliq Binish , Mehmood Sohaib , Akrem Ahmed 
Published: June 2022

Vicilins are major seed storage proteins and show differential binding affinities toward sugar moieties of fungal cell wall and insect gut epithelium. Hence, purpose of study is the thorough in-silico characterization of interactions between vicilin and chitin oligomer followed by fungal and insecticidal bioassays. This work covers the molecular simulation studies explaining the interactions between Pisum sativum vicilin ( PsV) and chitin oligomer followed by protein bioassay against different pathogens. LC-MS/MS of purified PsV (∼50 kDa) generated residual data along high pea vicilin homology (UniProtKB ID; P13918). Predicted model ( PsV) indicated the characteristic homotrimer joined through head-to-tail association and each monomer is containing a bicupin domain. PsV site map analysis showed a new site (Site 4) into which molecular docking confirmed the strong binding of chitin oligomer (GlcNAc)4. Molecular dynamics simulation data (50 ns) indicated that chitin-binding site was comprised of 8 residues (DKEDRNEN). However, aspartate and glutamate significantly contributed in the stability of ligand binding. Computational findings were further verified via significant growth inhibition of Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, and Fusarium oxysporum against PsV. Additionally, the substantial adult population of Brevicoryne brassicae was reduced and different life stages of Tribolium castaneum also showed significant mortality.
Reconstruction in Salvage Surgery for Head and Neck Cancers
Authors: Noothanapati Nageswara R. , Akali Nisha R. , Buggaveeti Rahul , Balasubramanian Deepak , Mathew Jimmy , Iyer Subramania , Thankappan Krishnakumar 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Salvage surgery is the treatment option in recurrences and second primary tumors. This paper aimed to study the options and outcomes of reconstruction and the predictors of poor reconstructive outcomes in salvage surgery for head and neck cancers. Study Design This is a retrospective study of all patients who underwent reconstructive flap surgery as part of salvage surgery for head and neck cancers between the years 2004 and 2017. Methods The initial treatment may be single modality radiotherapy or surgery or multimodality with combinations of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Any pathology that required surgical salvage was included. Any procedures done purely as reconstructive surgery were excluded. Predictor variables included demographical, clinical, and treatment factors. The outcome parameter was the occurrence of any flap-related complication or not. The complications and morbidity related to the procedures are reported Results Ninety-three patients underwent loco-regional flaps (LRF group), and 100 had free flaps (FF group). Pectoralis major flap was the commonest flap used in 68 patients (73.1%). Anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap was the commonest free flap and comprised 41% of the FF group. Any skin-related complication was seen in 35 patients (37.6%) and 41 (41%), respectively, in LRF and FF subsets. Any flap-related complication was seen in 16 patients (17.2%) and 29 patients (29%), respectively, in LRF and FF subsets. A summary measure “any one of the complications” was seen in 46 (49.5%) and 57 (57%), respectively, in LRF and FF subsets. Univariate and multivariate analysis for any flap-related complication identified no statistically significant predictor. Conclusions Soft tissue flaps were preferred in salvage reconstruction, though the defects had a bony component. In the microvascular free flap reconstruction era, pectoralis major flap has shifted its role from a “workhorse flap” to a “salvage flap.” About half of the patients develop some complications. Flap-related complications are also common. In salvage surgery, it is important that an appropriate flap is selected, suitable for the setting, according to the indications, neck, and patient conditions.