bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypergranulation over a meshed split-thickness skin graft, a complication of negative-pressure wound therapy: a case report
Authors: Shiba Masato , Doi Tomoaki , Okada Hideshi , Kamidani Ryo , Yoshimura Genki , Kusuzawa Keigo , Yamaji Fuminori , Miura Tomotaka , Oiwa Hideaki , Mizuno Yosuke , Yasuda Ryu , Fukuta Tetsuya , Kitagawa Yuichiro , Miyake Takahito , Yoshida Takahiro , Yoshida Shozo , Ogura Shinji 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We present a case of a rare complication of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) wherein there was fixation of a meshed split-thickness skin graft (STSG), suspected as a failure by hypergranulation. However, the meshed STSG was integrated within 5 days of NPWT cessation.

Case presentation
A 22-year-old Asian man sustained 25% total-body-surface-area flame burns. After multiple operations, an ulcer was present on the proximal left thigh. On day 37 after admission, the ulcer was debrided, and an 11/1000-inch (0.28 mm) skin graft was taken from the ipsilateral thigh and meshed, using a 1:1.5 ratio. NPWT was applied to the donor and recipient sites with a continuous negative pressure of 125 mmHg. On day 43, NPWT was discontinued. The skin grafts were not identified on the surface of the granulation tissue. With topical ointment therapy, rapid epithelialization of the ulcer was observed as the granulation tissue regressed. On day 48, the recipient site had completely epithelialized.

Conclusions
The hypergranulation tissue rarely covered the meshed STSGs when the grafts were fixed by NPWT. In that case, immediate debridement should be avoided, and conservative treatment should be initiated.
Motoneurons innervation determines the distinct gene expressions in multinucleated myofibers
Authors: Bai Lei , Tu Wen-Yo , Xiao Yatao , Zhang Kejing , Shen Chengyong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are peripheral synapses connecting motoneurons and skeletal myofibers. At the postsynaptic side in myofibers, acetylcholine receptor (AChR) proteins are clustered by the neuronal agrin signal. Meanwhile, several nuclei in each myofiber are specially enriched around the NMJ for postsynaptic gene transcription. It remains mysterious that how gene expressions in these synaptic nuclei are systematically regulated, especially by motoneurons.

Results
We found that synaptic nuclei have a distinctive chromatin structure and gene expression profiling. Synaptic nuclei are formed during NMJ development and maintained by motoneuron innervation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that motoneuron innervation determines the distinct expression patterns in the synaptic region and non-synaptic region in each multinucleated myofiber, probably through epigenetic regulation. Myonuclei in synaptic and non-synaptic regions have different responses to denervation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed that the histone lysine demethylases Kdm1a is a negative regulator of synaptic gene expression. Inhibition of Kdm1a promotes AChR expression but impairs motor functions.

Conclusion
These results demonstrate that motoneurons innervation determines the distinct gene expressions in multinucleated myofibers. Thus, dysregulation of nerve-controlled chromatin structure and muscle gene expression might cause muscle weakness and atrophy in motoneuron degenerative disorders.
Low-rate Denial of Service attack detection method based on time-frequency characteristics
Authors: Fu Yu , Duan Xueyuan , Wang Kun , Li Bin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a real cloud computing platform-oriented Low-rate Denial of Service (LDoS) attack detection method based on time-frequency characteristics of traffic data is proposed. All the traffic data flowing through the Web server is acquired by the collection and storage system, the original traffic data is divided into multiple flow segments by the preprocessing module, and the simple statistical features of several data packets in the flow are extracted by the analysis tool to form the detection sequence. The deep neural network is used to learn the potential time-frequency domain connection in the normal feature sequence and generate the reconstructed sequence. The discrimination module discriminates against the LDoS attack according to the difference between the reconstructed sequence and the input data in the time-frequency domain. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately detect the attack features in the stream segments in a very short time, and can achieve high detection accuracy for complex and diverse LDoS attacks. Because only the statistical characteristics of data packets are used, it is not necessary to analyze the data in the packets, which can be adapted to different network environments.
Mosquito sex and mycobiota contribute to fructose metabolism in the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus
Authors: Guégan Morgane , Martin Edwige , Tran Van Van , Fel Benjamin , Hay Anne-Emmanuelle , Simon Laurent , Butin Noémie , Bellvert Floriant , Haichar Feth el Zahar , Valiente Moro Claire 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlant floral nectars contain natural sugars such as fructose, which are a primary energy resource for adult mosquitoes. Despite the importance of carbohydrates for mosquito metabolism, a limited knowledge is available about the pathways involved in sugar assimilation by mosquitoes and their associated microbiota. To this end, we used13C-metabolomic and stable isotope probing approaches coupled to high-throughput sequencing to reveal fructose-related mosquito metabolic pathways and the dynamics of the active gut microbiota following fructose ingestion.ResultsOur results revealed significant differences in metabolic pathways between males and females, highlighting different modes of central carbon metabolism regulation. Competitive and synergistic interactions of diverse fungal taxa were identified within the active mycobiota following fructose ingestion. In addition, we identified potential cross-feeding interactions between this. Interestingly, there is a strong correlation between several active fungal taxa and the presence of fructose-derived metabolites.ConclusionsAltogether, our results provide novel insights into mosquito carbohydrate metabolism and demonstrate that dietary fructose as it relates to mosquito sex is an important determinant of mosquito metabolism; our results also further highlight the key role of active mycobiota interactions in regulating the process of fructose assimilation in mosquitoes. This study opens new avenues for future research on mosquito-microbiota trophic interactions related to plant nectar-derived sugars.Graphical Abstract
Effect of projectile shape and interior structure on crater size in strength regime
Authors: Kadono T. , Arakawa M. , Tsujido S. , Yasui M. , Hasegawa S. , Kurosawa K. , Shirai K. , Okamoto C. , Ogawa K. , Iijima Y. , Shimaki Y. , Wada K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExperiments on crater formation in the strength regime were conducted using projectiles of various shapes with an aspect ratio of ~ 1, including both solid and hollow interiors. The surface diameter, inner (pit) diameter, and depth of the craters on basalt and porous gypsum targets were measured. Using the bulk density of the projectile, the surface diameter and depth for basalt and the pit diameter and depth for porous gypsum were scaled using the pi-scaling law for crater formation in the strength regime. The numerical code iSALE was used to simulate the impact of projectiles of various shapes and interior structure with similar bulk densities. Results show that the distributions of the maximum (peak) pressure experienced and particle velocity in the targets were similar regardless of projectile shape and interior structure, implying that the dimensions of the final craters were almost identical. This is consistent with the experimental results. Thus, we conclude that the size of the craters formed by the impact of projectiles with different shape and interior structure can be scaled using a conventional scaling law in the strength regime, using bulk density as projectile density.Graphical abstract
Augmenting Skeletal Muscle Estrogen Does not Prevent or Rescue Obesity-linked Metabolic Impairments in Female Mice
Authors: Aladhami Ahmed K , Unger Christian A , Hope Marion C , Cotham William E , Velázquez Kandy T , Enos Reilly T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
We developed a novel mouse model with increased skeletal muscle estrogen content via inducible, skeletal-muscle–specific aromatase overexpression (SkM-Arom↑). We proposed to examine the effect that increased skeletal muscle estrogen both in gonadally intact and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice has on preventing or rescuing high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity.

Methods
In the prevention experiment, gonadally intact and OVX SkM-Arom↑ mice and littermate controls were fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD for 13 weeks. SkM-Arom↑ was induced at the initiation of dietary treatment. In the intervention experiment, gonadally intact and OVX SkM-Arom↑ mice and littermate controls were fed an HFD for 14 weeks before induction of SkM-Arom↑ for 6 weeks. Glucose tolerance, insulin action, adipose tissue inflammation, and body composition were assessed. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to determine circulating and skeletal muscle steroid content.

Results
SkM-Arom↑ significantly increased skeletal muscle 17β-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) in both experiments. Interestingly, this resulted in leakage of estrogens into circulation, producing a physiologically relevant E2 concentration. Consequently, bone mineral density (BMD) was enhanced and adipose tissue inflammation was reduced in the prevention experiment only. However, no benefits were seen with respect to changes in adiposity or metabolic outcomes.

Conclusion
We show that increasing skeletal muscle estrogen content does not provide a metabolic benefit in gonadally intact and OVX female mice in the setting of obesity. However, a chronic physiological concentration of circulating E2 can improve BMD and reduce adipose tissue inflammation independently of a metabolic benefit or changes in adiposity.
Records of antibodies in breast milk in postpartum women who have been vaccinated or exposed to COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Mardiyan Kurniawati Eighty , Rahmawati Nur Anisah 
Published: August 2022

Background: Breast milk is a critical element in developing a baby's immunity through immune transfer. Antibodies are an essential unit of immunity against infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This paper explores antibodies in breast milk in postpartum women who have been vaccinated or exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Duration of antibody appearance was studied to determine the adequate time in transferring antibodies by breastfeeding. Methods: Three databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, were used as sources of articles. Inclusion criteria applied in selecting articles were prospective observational study or experimental design study in English, evaluating antibodies in breast milk, and conducted between 2019–2021. Article quality and risk of bias were assessed with Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). The data found were synthesized in a narrative manner. Results: This systematic review included 20 articles. A total of 306 postpartum women who were infected with COVID-19, 20 postpartum women who had viral symptoms and 495 postpartum women who had been vaccinated were studied. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were found in the breast milk of infected and vaccinated postpartum women. SARS CoV-2 infection is associated with the presence of IgA dominant, whereas vaccination is related to the presence of IgG dominant. Antibodies persisted from day 10 of onset to 10 months in infected postpartum women and started from three days to six weeks in vaccinated postpartum women. Meta-analysis could not be carried out due to the variety of articles. Conclusions: Antibodies found in breast milk in infected and vaccinated postpartum women have different dominant types. Further research needs to be done regarding the mechanism of antibody transfer in breast milk, longer research duration and studies that directly examine the comparison of antibodies in breast milk in vaccinated and infected postpartum women. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42022340859, 23 June 2022).
Sequential Bidding for Merging in Algorithmic Traffic
Authors: Markakis Mihalis G. , Talluri Kalyan , Tikhonenko Dmitrii 
Published: August 2022

Problem definition: We consider the problem of resolving ad hoc unpredictable congestion in environments where customers have private time valuations. We investigate the design of fair, efficient, budget-balanced, and implementable bidding mechanisms for observable queues. Academic/practical relevance: Our primary motivation comes from merging in algorithmic traffic, i.e., a driver wishing to merge in a relatively dense platoon of vehicles in a coordinated and efficient way, using intervehicle communication and micropayments, akin to an arriving customer trading for position in a single-server observable queue. Methodology: We analyze the performance of a mechanism where the queue joiner makes sequential take-it-or-leave-it bids from tail to head (T2H) of a platoon, with the condition that the vehicle can advance to the next position only if it wins the bid. This mechanism is designed so that it is implementable, balances the budget, and imposes no negative externalities. Results: We compared this mechanism with head to tail (H2T) bidding, which favors the merging driver but potentially causes uncompensated externalities. Assuming i.i.d. time valuations, we obtain the optimal bids, value functions, and expected social welfare in closed form in both mechanisms. Moreover, if the time valuation of the merging driver is not high, we show that the expected social welfare of T2H is close to a partial information social optimum and that the expected social welfare of H2T is lower than that of T2H as long as the platoon is not too short. Managerial implications: Our findings suggest that mechanisms based on sequential take-it-or-leave-it bids from T2H of an observable queue have good social welfare performance, even if the corresponding bids are not chosen optimally, as long as the time valuation of the arriving customer is not high. Nevertheless, the tension between individual incentives and social welfare seems hard to resolve, highlighting the role of platforms to enforce the cooperation of involved parties. Funding: This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [Grants ECO2013-41131-R and ECO2016-75905-R (AEI/FEDER, UE)]. M.G. Markakis was also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [the Juan de la Cierva fellowship and the Ramón y Cajal fellowship]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1144 .
Midwives’ experiences caring for asylum-seeking women in the UK: a systematic review
Authors: Letley Katherine 
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims Asylum-seeking women face higher rates of maternal and neonatal mortality as a result of multiple barriers to accessing maternity care. Midwives are currently experiencing short staffing and high rates of burnout. Complex cases can add additional workload and stress. There is an evidence gap concerning midwives’ experiences of caring for asylum-seeking women in the UK. This study's aim was to examine the existing literature on this topic and consider the findings against the current realities of working within the NHS maternity system. Methods Literature was screened using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative article checklist and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses flow diagram. Eight studies were included and analysed for thematic similarities. Results The results of the systematic review were categorised into three themes: racism and resentment, structural difficulties and systematic problems. Conclusions Midwives lacked the time to appropriately care for asylum-seeking women. A lack of time and resources may negatively impact midwives’ attitudes towards asylum-seeking women.
What refugee women want from maternity care: a qualitative study
Authors: Evans Maria , Plows Jennifer , McCarthy Rose , McConville Brigid , Haith-Cooper Melanie 
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims For refugee women, pregnancy and early motherhood can exacerbate poor underlying health, poverty, and deprivation. Despite the wealth of research exploring the experiences of pregnant refugee women, maternity care providers remain unprepared for their unique needs. The aim of this study was to ask what refugee women require from maternity care, reduce adverse risks, and improve maternity care experiences Methods Secondary analysis of focus group data from refugee women as part of the ‘What women want’ White Ribbon Alliance campaign. Results Three key themes emerged: feeling safe in the maternity system and in their communities; fair and equal access and treatment in maternity care and the asylum system: building a future in the UK. Conclusions Midwives need additional training and education to understand the wider issues of the negative discourse around migration and being an asylum seeker and use this knowledge in practice when caring for women to help them feel safe.
Mediolateral episiotomies: more astute decisions and fewer acute incisions
Authors: Buckingham Mickey , Wong Ka Woon , Andrews Vasanth 
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims When a mediolateral episiotomy is performed at an angle of 60° from the midline, it is associated with the lowest incidence of an obstetric anal sphincter injury. However, it has been reported that doctors and midwives believe a mediolateral episiotomy should be performed at 45o from the midline. The aim of this study was to assess doctors’ and midwives’ awareness of the optimal technique when performing a mediolateral episiotomy. Methods An interview-administered questionnaire, with an associated pictorial diagram, was completed by 78 doctors and midwives in a London maternity unit. Results Midwives reported that mediolateral episiotomy should be performed at a significantly more acute angle than doctors (45° compared with 60°, P<0.05). Doctors and midwives that had been supervised for at least 10 mediolateral episiotomy procedures were significantly more likely to be aware of (45° compared with 60°, P=0.04) and depict (50° compared with 60°, P=0.03) an optimal mediolateral episiotomy, which is performed at 60° from the midline. Conclusions Midwives and doctors that had been supervised for at least 10 mediolateral episiotomy procedures prior to independent practice knew that a mediolateral episiotomy should be performed at 60° from the midline; therefore, consideration should be given to making supervised practice mandatory, to minimise risks to pregnant people.
Effects of diaphragmatic breathing and pursed lip breathing exercises on the pulmonary function and walking endurance in patients with chronic stroke: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yoon Jeong-Min , Im Sang-Cheol , Kim Kyoung 
Published: August 2022

Background/Aims Neurological dysfunction from stroke affects not only the muscles of the extremities and trunk, but also the respiratory function, so it is important to improve the respiratory function of patients with stroke is recognised as an important part. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic and pursed lip breathing exercises on pulmonary function, chest expansion and walking endurance in older patients with chronic stroke. Methods The participants were 32 older patients with chronic stroke, randomly assigned to two groups. The study group (n=16) performed diaphragmatic breathing exercises in combination with pursed lip breathing exercises, while the control group (n=16) performed non-resistant cycle ergometer exercises. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second FEV1 to forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, chest expansion and 6-Minute Walk Test measurements were taken before and 4 weeks after treatment. Results The breathing exercise group exhibited a significant increase in chest expansion and 6-Minute Walk Test outcome measurements (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second and peak expiratory flow between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Diaphragmatic breathing and pursed lip breathing exercises were effective in improving pulmonary function in older patients with chronic stroke.
PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO DE FEIRANTES E O USO DE BEBIDAS ALCOÓLICAS NO PADRÃO DE USO NOCIVO OU PROVÁVEL DEPENDÊNCIA, CONFORME AUDIT
Authors: Santos Guilherme de Jesus 
Published: August 2022

A partir da 8a Conferência Nacional de Saúde, a saúde passa a ser concebida como resultante das condições de vida, incluindo alimentação, habitação, educação, renda, meio-ambiente, trabalho, transporte, emprego, lazer, liberdade, acesso e posse de terra e acesso a serviços de saúde (BRASIL, 1986).
Diagnostics to support the control of scabies–Development of two target product profiles
Authors: Marks Michael , McVernon Jodie , McCarthy James S. , Enbiale Wendemagegn , Hanna Christopher , Chosidow Olivier , Engelman Daniel , Asiedu Kingsley , Steer Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Background
Scabies was added to the WHO NTD portfolio in 2017 and targets for the control of scabies were included in the 2021–2030 WHO NTD roadmap. A major component of scabies control efforts a strategy based on mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin. Currently diagnosis of scabies relies on clinical examination with a limited role for diagnostic testing. Under the recommendation of the WHO Diagnostic Technical Advisory Group (DTAG) for Neglected Tropical Diseases, a working group was assembled and tasked with agreeing on priority use cases for and developing target product profiles (TPPs) for new diagnostics tools for scabies.

Methodology and principal findings
The working group convened three times and established two use cases: establishing if the 10% threshold for mass drug administration had been reached and if the 2% threshold for stopping mass drug administration has been achieved. One subgroup assessed the current diagnostic landscape for scabies and a second subgroup determined the test requirements for both use cases. Draft TPPs were sent out for input from stakeholders and experts. Both TPPs considered the following parameters: product use, design, performance, configuration, cost, access and equity. The group considered the use of the tests as a single step process or as part of a two step process following initial clinical examination. When used a single step test (the ideal scenario) for starting MDA a new diagnostic required a sensitivity of ≥92% and a specificity of ≥98%. When used a single step test (the ideal scenario) for stopping MDA a new diagnostic required a sensitivity of ≥80% and a specificity of ≥99%.

Conclusions
The TPPs developed will provide test developers with guidance to ensure that novel diagnostic tests meet identified public health needs.