bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice reduces the costs of producing head fakes in basketball
Authors: Böer Nils Tobias , Weigelt Matthias , Schütz Christoph , Güldenpenning Iris 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Previous research indicates that performing passes with a head fake in basketball leads to increased response initiation times and errors as compared to performing a pass without a head fake. These so-called fake production costs only occurred when not given the time to mentally prepare the deceptive movement. In the current study, we investigated if extensive practice could reduce the cognitive costs of producing a pass with head fake. Twenty-four basketball novices participated in an experiment on five consecutive days. A visual cue prompted participants to play a pass with or without a head fake either to the left or right side. The cued action had to be executed after an interstimulus interval (ISI) of either 0 ms, 400 ms, 800 ms or 1200 ms, allowing for different movement preparation times. Results indicated higher response initiation times (ITs) and error rates (ERs) for passes with head fakes for the short preparation intervals (ISI 0 ms and 400 ms) on the first day but no difference for the longer preparation intervals (ISI 800 ms and 1200 ms). After only one day of practice, participants showed reduced fake production costs (for ISI 0 ms) and were even able to eliminate these cognitive costs when given time to mentally prepare the movement (for ISI 400ms). Accordingly, physical practice can reduce the cognitive costs associated with head-fake generation. This finding is discussed against the background of the strengthening of stimulus response associations.
Comparison of DNA targeting CRISPR editors in human cells
Authors: Huang Hongxin , Lv Weiqi , Li Jinhe , Huang Guanjie , Tan Zhihong , Hu Yongfei , Ma Shufeng , Zhang Xin , Huang Linxuan , Lin Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background Profiling and comparing the performance of current widely used DNA targeting CRISPR systems provide the basic information for the gene-editing toolkit and can be a useful resource for this field. Herein we made a parallel comparison between the recently reported miniature Cas12f1 and the widely used Cas12a and Cas9 nucleases in mammalian cells.
Results We found that as a CRISPRa activator, Un1 Cas12f1 could induce gene expression with a comparable level to these of Cas12a and Cas9, while as a cleaving editor, Cas12f1 exhibited similar properties to Cas12a, like high specificity and dominantly induced deletions over insertions, but with less activity. In contrast, wild type SpCas9 showed the highest activity, lowest specificity, and induced balanced deletions over insertions. Thus, Cas12 f1 is recommended for gene activation based applications, Cas12a is for therapy applications, and wild type Cas9 is for in vitro and animal investigations.
Conclusion The comparison provided the editing properties of current widely used DNA-targeting CRISPR systems for the gene-editing field.
External loads associated with Hockey5s: the new version of U16 youth field hockey
Authors: Konarski Jan M. , Andrzejewski Marcin , Konefał Merek , Chmura Paweł , Skrzypczak Mateusz , Zahalka Frantisek , Maly Tomas , Malina Robert M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
External workloads associated with a new version of youth field hockey, Hockey5s, were evaluated in a sample of 31 elite male field players (15.4 ± 0.7 years; 174.2 ± 8.24 cm; 63.5 ± 8.03 kg). Players were members of U16 National Youth Field Hockey Teams. The total sample included 76 players with 33 forwards and 43 defenders. Activities of the players were monitored using the GPSports SPI Elite System (Australia) with a sampling frequency of 10Hz; the data were analysed using GPSports Team AMS (version R1 2015.14, Australia). Defenders achieved significantly higher maximal speed than forwards. Among all players regardless of field positions, the three periods of the match were differentiated only by the number of sprints. By playing position, differences were only found among forwards in the total number of sprints, sprint numbers per minute, maximum speed, and a high metabolic load distance. The active time of players in both positions was approximately 50% (~ 15.7 of 30min). Overall, the Hockey 5s format was highly demanding for players, suggesting a need for preparation that includes specific mixed anaerobic and aerobic training. The Hockey5s format also allowed relatively short time for recovery, which emphasized the importance of rest during inter-match breaks.
Influence of extrusion method on the microstructure and mechanical properties of formed magnesium alloy tubes
Authors: Zhao Hui , Hu Hong-jun , Liang Peng-cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, a tube extrusion-shear-expand (TESE) process is proposed for the preparation of thin-walled tubes of high-performance magnesium alloys, and a comparison with direct extrusion(DE) is used to verify the superiority of the new process. Numerical simulations of the mesh variation, forming load, and equivalent strain during the forming of magnesium alloy tubes were carried out in combination with DEFORM-3D software. The results of the study show that: under the TESE process, the equivalent strain and the forming load are larger, which makes the plastic deformation of the tube larger; the grain refinement effect of the tube prepared under the TESE process is more obvious than that of the DE; the yield strength of the tube under the TESE process is about 293MPa, the elongation is about 15%, and the base structure dispersion is higher under the dynamic recrystallization and larger shear effect, the strength is obviously weakened, and the comprehensive performance of magnesium alloy tube is improved.
Establishment and analysis of feasibility evaluation system and ultra-precision manufacturing technology for small aperture free-form surface optical element
Authors: Li Shijie , Huang Yuetian , Zhao Fengyuan , Yang Chen , Zhang Jin , Liang Haifeng , Cai Changlong , Liu Weiguo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Free-form optical elements are more and more broadly used in modern optical systems due to their distinctive characteristics. In order to realize the high precision manufacturing of free-form optical element, the constraints on parameters of manufacture and measurement were established based on the designing parameters of free-form optical element. Meanwhile, the evaluation system for the machinability and detectability of free-form optical element were obtained by means of the corresponding mathematical model. Furthermore, the White Light Interference (WLI) stitching detection technology, coupled with the least square multi-parameter optimization algorithm, was used to solve shape-error measurement of free-form optical element. Additionally, a free-form surface compensation manufacturing mechanism of asymmetric shape error was established. Based on the above methods, the polynomial free-form optics were processed and measured. According to the surface shape measurement results, the same element was processed with compensation manufacturing twice. The surface shape precision was obviously improved from PV = 2553nm and RMS = 481nm to PV = 214nm and RMS = 19.9nm, which verified the effectiveness of the method. A significant value was unfolded in the engineering application of this method.
Antimicrobial peptide moricin induces ROS mediated caspase-dependent apoptosis in human triple negative breast cancer via suppression of notch pathway
Authors: Ahmad Imran , Pal Saurabh , Singh Ranjana , Ahmad Khursheed , Dey Nilanjan , Siddiqui Sahabjada , Srivast Aditi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Several studies have identified the antibacterial properties of moricin peptides. However, the anticancer potential and, mechanistic insights into moricin peptide-induced cancer cell death have not yet been explored. Therefore, using in silico, analytical methods (Reverse Phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), mass spectroscopy (MS), and circular dichroism (CD), and in vitro studies, an investigation has been carried out to delineate the mechanism(s) of moricin-induced cancer cell death. In-silico analysis was performed to predict the anticancer potential of moricin in cancer cells by using AntiCP and ACP servers based on a Support Vector Machine (SVM). Additionally, molecular docking was performed to predict the moricin peptide-related cancer signalling pathway(s). In vitro studies were performed using MDA-MB-231 cells. We observed that moricin exposure at relatively low concentrations (6.25 µg/ml or 1.37µM and 12.5 µg/ml or 2.75µM) to MDA-MB-231 cells caused a higher generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (notably superoxide radical (O2•–). Moricin exposure caused down regulation in the expression of Notch-1 and, NFƙB and Bcl2 proteins, while ROS-induced upregulation of P53 caused caspase-dependent cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, this study reveals the anticancer potential and underlying mechanism of moricin peptide-induced cell death in cancer cells.
OLID-BR: Offensive Language Identification Dataset for Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Trajano Douglas , Bordini Rafael , Vieira Renata 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Social media has transformed the way society is connect. Although there are many advantages to such large scale connection, there are unquestionable drawbacks, for example in the way fake news is easily spread and in particular the vast dissemination of hate speech. Identifying offensive comments is a critical task for ensuring the safety of users, which is why industry and academia have been working on developing solutions to this problem. Previous work on the automatic detection of offensive comments focuses mainly on English, with very little work for languages such as Portuguese. In this paper, we present a new dataset for toxicity detection in Portuguese containing 6,354 (extendable to 13,538) comments annotated using a hierarchical scheme with multiple levels of granularity, which gives us the possibility of training models for multiple NLP tasks. The dataset is used to train machine learning models which can be useful to identify several aspects of hate speech. The results of the experiments show that the dataset is useful in the development of intelligent systems for the detection of offensive comments in Portuguese.
Characterization and genome analysis of a novel phage Kayfunavirus TM1
Authors: Han Kaiou , Mao Xinyu , Liu Hui , Wu Yuxing , Tan Yizhou , Li Ziyong , Ma Runwen , Li Yinan , Li Lei , Wang Leping , Shi Yan , Cao Yajie , Peng Hao , Li Xun , Wang Xiaoye 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Escherichia coli is a common conditional pathogen, for which Antibiotic therapy is considered an effective treatment. The imprudent use of antibiotics has led to the increase of multiple-antibiotic-resistant E. coli species. With the incidence of antibiotic resistance reaching a crisis point, it is imperative to find alternative treatments for multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. Using phage for pathogen control is a promising treatment option to combat bacterial resistance. In this study, a novel virulent Podoviridae phage Kayfunavirus TM1 infecting Escherichia coli was isolated from pig farm sewage in Guangxi, China. The one-step growth curve with the optimal multiplicity of infection of (MOI) 0.01 revealed a latent period of 10 min and a burst size of 50 plaque-forming units (pfu) per cell. The stability test reveals that it is stable at 4℃–60℃ and pH 3–11. The double-stranded DNA genome of phage Kayfunavirus TM1 is composed of 39,948 bp with a GC content of 50.03%.
Effects of Myocardial Sheetlet Sliding on Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Zheng Yu , Chan Wei Xuan , Nielles-Vallespin Sonia , Scott Andrew D. , Ferreira Pedro F. , Leo Hwa Liang , Yap Choon Hwai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Left ventricle myocardium has a complex micro-architecture, which was revealed to consist of myocyte bundles arranged in a series of laminar sheetlets. Recent imaging studies demonstrated that these sheetlets re-orientate and likely slide over each other during the deformations between systole and diastole, and that sheetlet dynamics were altered during cardiomyopathy. However, the biomechanical effect of sheetlet sliding is not well-understood, which is the focus here. We conducted finite element (FE) simulations of the left ventricle (LV) coupled with a Windkessel lumped parameter model to study sheetlet sliding, based on cardiac MRI of a healthy human subject, and modifications to account for hypertrophic and dilated geometric changes during cardiomyopathy remodeling. We modelled sheetlet sliding as a reduced shear stiffness in the sheet-normal direction, and observed that (1) the diastolic sheetlet orientations must depart from alignment with the LV wall plane in order for sheetlet sliding to have an effect on cardiac function, that (2) sheetlet sliding modestly aided cardiac function of the healthy and dilated hearts, in terms of ejection fraction, stroke volume, and systolic pressure generation, but its effects were amplified in hypertrophic/thickened walls, and that (3) where sheetlet sliding aided cardiac function, it increased tissue stresses, particularly in the myocyte direction. We speculate that sheetlet sliding is a tissue architectural adaptation to allow easier deformations of thick LV walls so that LV wall stiffness will not hinder function, and to provide a balance between function and tissue stresses. A limitation here is that sheetlet sliding is modelled as a simple reduction in shear stiffness, without consideration of micro-scale sheetlet mechanics and dynamics.
The non-Haplochromis fish fauna in Uganda: an update on the distribution and a review of data gaps
Authors: Akoth Dorothy , Natugonza Vianny , Efitre Jackson , Muyodi Fredrick Jones , Musinguzi Laban 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Freshwater fishes are the second most threatened group of vertebrates after amphibians. In most developing countries, the conservation of freshwater fishes is largely hampered by limited information and data. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments provide a benchmark for conservation and development planning, but these assessments require, inter alia, quantitative information on the species range in the wild. This information is largely missing for many species that face extinction. In this paper, we combined species occurrence data, expert knowledge, and literature to review and update the distribution of non-Haplochromis fish species native to Uganda and determine their geographical extent relative to the global range. Results showed that (i) at least 110 non-Haplochromis species occur in Uganda, (ii) the current status in the entire native range for more than 60% of these species is unknown; (iii) five species previously known to occur in Uganda: Amphilius kivuensis, Bagrus degeni, Marcusenius macrolepidotus, Petrocephalus catostoma, and Lacustricola pumilus lack a native locus and hence not Ugandan fishes, (iv) 17 species occur in areas beyond their previously known range, and therefore, their presence needs further investigations, preferably by examining specimen collections, and (v) majority of the non-Haplochromis species native to Uganda have a wide distribution outside the national boundaries. We anticipate this information to be relevant both for the national and global IUCN Red List assessments for the non-Haplochromis fishes in Uganda. Furthermore, the identified data gaps will be relevant in prioritizing limited resources during surveys and collections.
Gene expression analysis of a giant embryo rice mutant with high GABA content
Authors: Chen Pingli , Liu Qing , Sun Bingrui , Lv Shuwei , Jiang Liqun , Zhang Jing , Mao Xingxue , Yu Hang , Chen Yangyang , Chen Wenfeng , Fan Zhilan , Pan Dajain , Li Chen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a natural non-protein amino acid involved in plant stress, signal transmission, carbon and nitrogen balance, and other physiological effects in plants. In the human body, it has the effects of lowering blood pressure, anti-aging, and activating the liver and kidney. However, there are few studies on the molecular regulation mechanism of genes in the metabolic pathways of GABA during grain development of giant embryo rice with high GABA content. In this study, three glant embryo (ge) mutants of different embryo sizes were obtained by CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, and it was found that GABA, protein, crude fat, and various mineral contents of the ge mutants were significantly increased. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis showed that in the GABA shunt and polyamine degradation pathway, the expression levels of most of genes encoding enzymes promoting GABA accumulation were significantly upregulated in the ge-1 mutant, while the expression levels of most of genes encoding enzymes conducive to GABA degradation were significantly downregulated in the ge-1 mutant. This is most likely responsible for the significant increase in GABA content of the ge mutant. These results are helpful in revealing the molecular regulatory network of GABA metabolism in giant embryo rice and provide a theoretical basis for the study of its development mechanisms, which is conducive to the rapid cultivation of GABA-rich rice varieties, promoting human nutrition, and ensuring health.
A novel analytic model for sealing performance of static metallic joint considering the yield hardening effect
Authors: Deng Lichuan , Luo Bin , Zhang Kaifu , Cheng Hui , Ye Xiangrui , Liang Biao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The static metallic joints’ sealing performance is deeply impacted by the plastic deformation and the interfacial separation of the contact surfaces with self-affine roughness. The yield hardening effect, unavoidable at the contact interface, is of vital importance to the plastic deformation and the distribution of the interfacial separation. However, most of the previous research ignores the effect of the yield hardening, assuming that the contact surfaces are elastic-perfectly plastic. To address the problem, a novel analytic model for investigating the sealing performance under the effect of yield hardening has been developed in this paper. Utilizing the measured data of contact surfaces as input, the corresponding leakage rates are calculated. Besides, the contact stress distribution as well as the real contact area at the interface are also discussed. The sealing experiments are carried out accordingly, verifying that the proposed model owns the ability to predict the leakage rate under the effect of yield hardening.
In vitro selection, regeneration and characterization of NaCl-tolerant plants of Sapindus trifoliatus: an important multipurpose tree
Authors: Asthana Pooja , Rai Manoj K. , Jaiswal Uma 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study demonstrates the selection of NaCl tolerant callus line and regeneration of NaCl tolerant plants of Sapindus trifoliatus L. from selected callus via somatic embryogenesis. Callus induced from leaf disc explants was subjected to the selection of NaCl-tolerant callus line on MS medium containing NaCl. The exposure of embryogenic callus to NaCl (0-250 mM) allowed the selection of callus to tolerate 100 mM NaCl, and it confirms with stability test by the three consecutive transfers of 100 mM NaCl tolerant callus to a medium devoid of NaCl and re-transfer to 100 mM NaCl supplemented medium. NaCl selected and non-selected embryogenic callus lines were characterized by the analysis of callus growth, tolerance index, and accumulation of both inorganic (Na+ and K+) and organic (proline, glycine betaine and soluble sugars) content. 100mM NaCl-tolerant callus showed the formation of globular structure, which differentiated different stages of somatic embryos on a maintenance medium containing NaCl (0-200mM). Mature cotyledonary stage somatic embryos developed from 100 mM NaCl tolerant globular structure were germinated on germination medium containing NaCl. About 67 and 38% NaCl tolerant somatic embryos were germinated on a medium without NaCl and containing 100 mM NaCl, respectively. NaCl tolerant plants developed on different germination medium with NaCl survived when transplanted to 0.2 or 0.3% (w/w) NaCl mixed potting mixture. Six-month-old established 100 mM NaCl tolerant plants were characterized by analyzing various physiological and biochemical parameters i.e., chlorophyll, carotenoid, L-proline content and antioxidative (MDA, SOD, CAT and APx) activities. The results suggest that in vitro selection technique offers an efficient way to develop NaCl tolerant plants of S. trifoliatus.
Effect of Thinning on Carbon Stocks in Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham Plantations: a Simulation Study
Authors: Arif Md. Arifuzzaman , Khan Md. Nabiul Islam , Biswas Rahul , Rahman Atikur , Islam Md. Akramul , Monika Asma-Ul-Husna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Forests are very important for sequestering atmospheric carbon, and mangroves are amongst the most efficient carbon-sequestering ecosystems. In Bangladesh, several plantations of Sonneratia apetala have been raised, with large-scale plantations along the coastal belt. An individual-based model (KiWi model) was developed in order to analyze demographic processes in mangrove forests according to abiotic environmental factors, individual tree spacing, local tree-to-tree interactions, and intra-specific competition. In this study, we selected several silvicultural approaches (with or without thinning and with or without recruitment) to compare the development of planted forests in terms of forest management. Data obtained from the field monitors the output and parameterization of the model. Thinning normally avails more space and thus resources for growth, which leads to enhanced biomass increment. The objectives of this study were to identify the short-and long-term effects of thinning on carbon stocks in a mangrove plantation. Simulation experiments, tuned to observe the configurations of the study sites, provided a forecast of the stand development to be expected in the future.
Results
In this study, two thinnings were done at 15 and 20 years with a 0.5 m to 4.5 m radius while the annual sapling recruitment rate was kept at zero during thinning. Among the different thinning radii, 3.5 m radius thinning shows maximum aboveground carbon stocks in Sonneratia apetala, which is comparable to the 1.8 m stick radius thinning practised in Matang Mangrove, Malaysia for Rhizophora apiculata. In the case of Bangladesh coastal plantation, 2.5 m and 3.0 m thinning radius are perfect because 2.5 m and 3.0 m thinning radius contain an adequate number of trees and also produce above-ground carbon as much as 3.5 m thinning radius.
Conclusions
This experiment strongly supports that the KiWi model can mimic real dynamic growth patterns and thinning has an effect on carbon stock Simulation experiments, tuned to observe configurations of the study sites, provided a forecast of the stand development to be expected in the future.