bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Four Weeks of a Neuro-Meditation Program Improves Sleep Quality and Reduces Hypertension in Nursing Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Parallel Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hausswirth Christophe , Nesi Xavier , Dubois Alexandre , Duforez François , Rougier Yann , Slattery Katie 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a neuro-meditation program to support nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Forty-five (10 men and 35 women) nurses were classified into three groups based on their systolic blood pressure: normotensive (G-nor; n = 16, 43.8 ± 11.0 year), hypertensive (G-hyp; n = 13, 45.2 ± 10.7 year) and control (G-con; n = 16, 44.9 ± 10.6 year). Using a parallel, randomly controlled design across a 4-week period, 10 × 30-min sessions using the Rebalance© Impulse were completed. Sleep was assessed by wrist actigraphy and subjective sleep questionnaires; perceived sleep quality, Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test questionnaire and the Spiegel Sleep Quality questionnaire (SSQ). Blood pressure, resting heart rate, mean heart rate (HRmean), heart rate variability index (RMSSD), cortisol, and alpha-amylase were also measured. Statistical analysis was completed using factorial ANOVA. Sleep improved in the G-hyp group; SSQ (p &lt; 0.01); perceived sleep quality (p &lt; 0.01); sleep efficiency and fragmentation index (p &lt; 0.05). In the G-nor group, sleep was improved to a lesser extent; perceived sleep quality (p &lt; 0.01). A significant time–group interaction was reported in resting heart rate (p &lt; 0.01), systolic blood pressure (p &lt; 0.01), and diastolic blood pressure (p &lt; 0.05) with these measures being significantly reduced in the G-hyp group. RMSSD increased in the G-nor group (p &lt; 0.01). This initial evidence suggests that neuro-meditation reduces excessive sympathetic activity, promoting enhanced sleep quality and autonomic control during periods of increased work-related stress.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe study was conducted at Bioesterel, Sophia-Antipolis, France as a clinical trial: Neuro-meditation improves sleep quality, https://www.drks.de/ui_data_web/DrksUI.html?locale=en, DRKS00025731.
Early Improvement Predicts Clinical Outcomes Similarly in 10 Hz rTMS and iTBS Therapy for Depression
Authors: Spitz Nathen A. , Pace Benjamin D. , Ten Eyck Patrick , Trapp Nicholas T. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPrior studies have demonstrated that early treatment response with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can predict overall response, yet none have directly compared that predictive capacity between intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for depression. Our study sought to test the hypothesis that early clinical improvement could predict ultimate treatment response in both iTBS and 10 Hz rTMS patient groups and that there would not be significant differences between the modalities.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated response to treatment in 105 participants with depression that received 10 Hz rTMS (n = 68) and iTBS (n = 37) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Percent changes from baseline to treatment 10 (t10), and to final treatment (tf), were used to calculate confusion matrices including negative predictive value (NPV). Treatment non-response was defined as &lt;50% reduction in PHQ-9 scores according to literature, and population, data-driven non-response was defined as &lt;40% for 10 Hz and &lt;45% for iTBS.ResultsFor both modalities, the NPV related to degree of improvement at t10. NPV for 10 Hz was 74%, 82% and 73% at t10 in those who failed to improve &gt;20, &gt;10, and &gt;0% respectively; while iTBS NPV rates were 65, 71, and 60%. There were not significant differences between protocols at any t10 cut-off assessed, whether research defined 50% improvement as response or data driven kernel density estimates (p = 0.46–0.79).ConclusionPatients who fail to achieve &gt;10% improvement by t10 with both 10 Hz rTMS and iTBS therapies have 70–80% chance of non-response to treatment. With no significant differences between predictive capacities, identifying patients at-risk for non-response affords psychiatrists greater opportunity to adapt treatment strategies.
Association Between Self-rating Depression Scores and Total Ghrelin and Adipokine Serum Levels in a Large Population-Based Sample
Authors: Wittekind Dirk Alexander , Kratzsch Jürgen , Biemann Ronald , Mergl Roland , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Witte Veronika , Villringer Arno , Kluge Michael 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundGhrelin and the adipokines leptin and adiponectin have been suggested to be involved in mood and anxiety regulation and to be altered in affective disorders. However, studies investigating the association between ghrelin, leptin and adiponectin and depressive symptomatology are scarce but might contribute to a better understanding of their involvement in mood regulation. We thus aimed investigating the association between depressive symptomatology and total ghrelin as well as leptin and adiponectin serum levels in a large population-based sample.MethodsTotal serum ghrelin, adiponectin and leptin levels were determined in 1666 subjects of a population-based cross-sectional study (“LIFE”). The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms – Self Rating (IDS-SR) were administered. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between total serum ghrelin, leptin and adiponectin and the intensity of depressive symptoms.ResultsIn the total sample (n = 1,092), neither ghrelin nor leptin or adiponectin serum levels showed a significant association with CES-D or IDS-SR sum scores (N = 1,092) or in depressed/non-depressed subjects. Leptin serum levels showed a significantly positive association with IDS-SR sum scores in elderly men (≥60 years; β = 0.122, 95% CI: 0.009; 0.236; p = 0.035).ConclusionOur study suggests that peripheral levels of ghrelin and adipokines in a cross-sectional study design might not be sufficient to measure their involvement in depression, suggesting that associations are more complex and multi-layered.
Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Patterns of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Severely Obese Population Measured Using the Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations
Authors: Xu Yu-Ling , Wang Xiao-Yu , Chen Jun , Kang Min , Wang Yi-Xin , Zhang Li-Juan , Shu Hui-Ye , Liao Xu-Lin , Zou Jie , Wei Hong , Ling Qian , Shao Yi 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveUtilizing the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) technique, this study sought to correlate spontaneous cerebral abnormalities with the clinical manifestations of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in severely obese (SO) population.Subjects and MethodsTwelve MGD patients in SO population (PATs) (4 males and 8 females) and twelve healthy controls (HCs) (6 males and 6 females) matched by gender and age were enrolled. Every participant underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) scanning. Spontaneous cerebral activity alterations were examined using the fALFF method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to classify the medial fALFF values of the PATs and HCs. PATs were also asked to complete anxiety and depression score forms, permitting a correlation analysis.ResultsIn contrast with HCs, PATs had prominently increased fALFF values in the left lingual gyrus, the right globus pallidus, the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri and the left middle occipital lobe (P &lt; 0.05), and decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum, the left fusiform gyrus, the right medial orbitofrontal gyrus, the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior parietal gyrus (P &lt; 0.05). The results of the ROC curve indicated that changes in regional fALFF values might help diagnose MGD in SO population. Moreover, fALFF values in the right cerebellum of PATs were positively correlated with hospital anxiety and depression scores (HADS) (r = 0.723, P = 0.008). The fALFF values in the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus of PAT were negatively correlated with HADS (r = −0.651, P = 0.022).ConclusionsAberrant spontaneous activity was observed in multiple regions of the cerebrum, offering helpful information about the pathology of MGD in SO population. Aberrant fALFF values in these regions likely relates to the latent pathologic mechanisms of anomalous cerebral activities in PATs.
Natural History of Anal Papillomavirus Infection in HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men Based on a Markov Model: A 5-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Zewen , Ling Xi , Liu Lirong , Xi Miaomiao , Zhang Guozhen , Dai Jianghong 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveMen who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk for Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection compared to women and heterosexual men. We aimed to assess the incidence, clearance and duration of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in HIV-negative MSM and the influencing factors in a 5-year prospective cohort study.MethodsFrom April 2016 to April 2021, HIV-negative MSM were recruited and followed every 6 months in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China. Questionnaires and anal swabs were collected at baseline and every 6 months. We detected 37 anal HPV genotypes using the HPV Geno Array Diagnostic Kit Test. Incidence and clearance rates of anal HPV infection and the influencing factors were estimated using a two-state Markov model.ResultsA total of 585 MSM were included with a median age of 37 years [interquartile range (IQR): 31–43 years] and were followed for a median 2.8 years (IQR: 1.8–3.6 years). Incidence rates for any HPV and high-risk HPV (Hr-HPV) were 53.4 [95% confidence interval (CI): 49.1–58.0] and 39.0 (95% CI: 35.7–42.5)/1,000 person-months. Median duration of infection was 9.67 (95% CI: 8.67–10.86) and 8.51 (95% CI: 7.57–9.50) months, respectively. Clearance rates for any HPV and Hr-HPV were 50.9 (95% CI: 46.7–55.3) and 62.1 (95% CI: 56.8–66.7)/1,000 person-months, respectively. HPV16 and HPV6 had the highest incidence, lowest clearance rate and longest duration of infection among Hr-HPV and low-risk HPV (Lr-HPV) types, respectively. Receptive anal sex is a risk factor for any HPV [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.16–2.38] and Hr-HPV infection (HR = 1.99, 95% CI:1.39–2.85). Recent anal sex without condom use was significantly associated with any HPV (HR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.10–2.94) and Hr-HPV infection (HR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.42–4.77). Age ≥35 years was significantly associated with Lr-HPV HPV infection only (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.02–1.93). Both inserted and receptive anal sex (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.40–0.89) and anal sex ≥2 times per week (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43–0.87) were associated with reduced Hr-HPV clearance. Six of the nine-valent vaccine types (HPV6, 11, 16, 18, 52 and 58) occurred most frequently, which indicates the need for high vaccination coverage in MSM.ConclusionsIn this cohort study, high incidence and low clearance of any HPV, Hr-HPV and individual HPV infections emphasize the importance of MSM vaccination. Modifiable behavioral factors such as condoms and drug use should be incorporated into HPV prevention strategies.
The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Job Burnout of Healthcare Workers and Mediating Role of Workplace Violence: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Cao Yiyin , Gao Lei , Fan Lihua , Jiao Mingli , Li Ye , Ma Yuanshuo 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveGlobally, reducing job burnout among healthcare workers is considered a basic healthcare policy goal. Emotional intelligence, as an essential protective factor against psychosocial risks and a measurable positive psychological resource, still receives less attention in the process of reducing job burnout among healthcare workers. This study aims to explore the level of job burnout among healthcare workers who are victims of workplace violence in China, to examine the influence of emotional intelligence on job burnout among healthcare workers, and to verify the mediating role of workplace violence; furthermore, providing a new perspective for health organizations and hospital administrators in order to relieve the level of job burnout and workplace violence among healthcare workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was used to collect data from six tertiary public hospitals in three provinces (cities) in Eastern (Shandong and Tianjin) and Western (Gansu) China in 2018, which are large healthcare sites providing care to patients upon referral from primary and secondary hospitals. A total of 2,450 questionnaires were distributed, with 2,061 valid questionnaires and a valid return rate of 88.95%. Of these, 825 healthcare workers had experienced workplace violence, accounting for 40.03% of the sample. A descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and mediated regression analysis were used to assess the level of job burnout among healthcare workers who are victims of violence, the effect of emotional intelligence on job burnout, and the mediating role of workplace violence.ResultsThe mean job burnout score of the healthcare personnel who were victims of violence was 35.56, with 70% suffering from moderate and high burnout. The emotional intelligence of healthcare workers is significantly negatively correlated with the degree of job burnout (Emotional exhaustion: r = 0.18, p &lt; 0.01, Depersonalization: r = 0.24, p &lt; 0.01, Reduced personal achievement: r = 0.24, p &lt; 0.01) and workplace violence frequency (r = −0.22, p &lt; 0.01). Further, workplace violence has a partial mediating effect on emotional intelligence and the two dimensions of job burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization).ConclusionsThis study is the first to combine emotional intelligence level, experiences of workplace violence, and job burnout levels of healthcare workers. We suggest that improving the emotional intelligence of healthcare staff has practical significance in reducing the level of job burnout directly and will reduce the incidence of burnout by reducing the frequency of violence (especially for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization). We provide specific and effective strategies for developing and guiding healthcare workers in the healthcare sector based on emotional intelligence.
Monitoring Acclimatization and Training Responses Over 17–21 Days at 1,800 m in Elite Cross-Country Skiers and Biathletes
Authors: Karlsson Øyvind , Laaksonen Marko S. , McGawley Kerry 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo monitor the daily variations and time course of changes in selected variables during a 17–21-day altitude training camp at 1,800 m in a group of elite cross-country skiers (9 women, 12 men) and biathletes (7 women, 4 men).MethodsAmong other variables, resting peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2rest), resting heart rate (HRrest) and urine specific gravity (USG) were monitored daily at altitude, while illness symptoms were monitored weekly. Before and after the camp, body composition (i.e., lean and fat mass) and body mass were assessed in all athletes, while roller-skiing speed at a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol·L−1 (Speed@4mmol) was assessed in the biathletes only.ResultsNeither SpO2rest, HRrest nor USG changed systematically during the camp (p &gt; 0.05), although some daily time points differed from day one for the latter two variables (p &lt; 0.05). In addition, body composition and body mass were unchanged from before to after the camp (p &gt; 0.05). Eleven out of 15 illness episodes were reported within 4 days of the outbound or homebound flight. The five biathletes who remained free of illness increased their Speed@4mmol by ~ 4% from before to after the camp (p = 0.031).ConclusionsThe present results show that measures typically recommended to monitor acclimatization and responses to altitude in athletes (e.g., SpO2rest and HRrest) did not change systematically over time. Further research is needed to explore the utility of these and other measures in elite endurance athletes at altitudes typical of competition environments.
Complement-Binding Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibodies: Biomarker for Immunologic Risk Stratification in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation Recipients
Authors: Sigurjonsdottir Vaka K. , Purington Natasha , Chaudhuri Abanti , Zhang Bing M. , Fernandez-Vina Marcelo , Palsson Runolfur , Kambham Neeraja , Charu Vivek , Piburn Kim , Maestretti Lynn , Shah Anika , Gallo Amy , Concepcion Waldo , Grimm Paul C. 
Published: May 2022

Antibody-mediated rejection is a common cause of early kidney allograft loss but the specifics of antibody measurement, therapies and endpoints have not been universally defined. In this retrospective study, we assessed the performance of risk stratification using systematic donor-specific antibody (DSA) monitoring. Included in the study were children who underwent kidney transplantation between January 1, 2010 and March 1, 2018 at Stanford, with at least 12-months follow-up. A total of 233 patients were included with a mean follow-up time of 45 (range, 9–108) months. Median age at transplant was 12.3 years, 46.8% were female, and 76% had a deceased donor transplant. Fifty-two (22%) formed C1q-binding de novo donor-specific antibodies (C1q-dnDSA). After a standardized augmented immunosuppressive protocol was implemented, C1q-dnDSA disappeared in 31 (58.5%). Graft failure occurred in 16 patients at a median of 54 (range, 5–83) months, of whom 14 formed dnDSA. The 14 patients who lost their graft due to rejection, all had persistent C1q-dnDSA. C1q-binding status improved the individual risk assessment, with persistent; C1q binding yielding the strongest independent association of graft failure (hazard ratio, 45.5; 95% confidence interval, 11.7–177.4). C1q-dnDSA is more useful than standard dnDSA as a noninvasive biomarker for identifying patients at the highest risk of graft failure.
Effect of Dissolved Salts on Steady-State Heat Transfer Using Excessive Cooling by Water-Air Mists
Authors: Hernández-Bocanegra Constantin Alberto , Acosta-González Francisco Andrés , Ramos-Banderas José Ángel , López-Granados Nancy Margarita 
Published: May 2022

This work reports a new finding on the effect of dissolved salts, in water-air mists, on spray heat removal efficiencies from a metallic surface under steady state conditions. The experimental system is based on a calorimeter that measures heat flux removed by water-air mist sprays from 8 mm diameter × 2.5 mm thickness platinum samples heated by electromagnetic induction. During steady-state experiments, a solid-state controller equilibrates automatically the rate of heat generation with the rate of heat removal to reach a constant temperature. Equilibrium temperatures for stepwise T rising include 200 to 1200 °C in steps of 100 °C and then stepwise T that is lowered to 200 °C. The new finding is that, when using soft water-air mist and a high-water impingement density, a lack of temperature control during stepwise T increases was observed when stepping from 200 to 300 °C. This lack of temperature control is associated with a high heat flux and is attributed to the stabilization of the single-phase convection regime when T rising from 200 to 300 °C. Temperature stabilization was again possible only at wall temperatures Tw≥600 °C, at which single-phase convection was not stable. In contrast, when using a hard water-air mist under the same fluid flow conditions, all temperatures were readily reached. This is attributed to the transition from single-phase convection to nucleate boiling regime when T increased from 200 to 300 °C. This transition leads to a decrease in heat flux due to a reduction in the contact area between liquid and the wall surface. Finally, the corresponding boiling curves at high wall temperatures show the importance of heat radiation from the wall to understand the effect of salts during the stable vapor film regime.
The Health Economic Impact of Nephrotic Syndrome in the United States
Authors: Simon Christine A. , Salmon Eloise , Desmond Hailey E. , Massengill Susan F. , Gipson Wilson P. , Gipson Debbie S. 
Published: May 2022

Key PointsMedian annual direct costs (including medication, diet, emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and clinic visits) were $3464 (interquartile range [IQR] $844–$5865) for adult patients and $1687 (IQR $1035–$4763) for caregivers.The time spent planning/prepping meals was 183 h/yr (IQR 114–331) for adults and 173 h/yr (IQR 84–205) for caregivers.Providers can better understand the burden of living with nephrotic syndrome, consider barriers when treating patients, and develop supportive strategies.BackgroundNephrotic syndrome (NS) is a rare kidney syndrome with high morbidity. Although a common contributor to the burden of chronic kidney disease, the direct and indirect costs of NS to patients and family caregivers are unrecognized. The objective was to characterize the direct and indirect costs of NS to patients.MethodsAdults with NS and family caregivers of children with NS were eligible to participate if they had a diagnosis of primary NS, had disease for at least 1 year, and had no other severe health conditions. Data-collection surveys were generated with input from the Kidney Research Network Patient Advisory Board, and surveys were mailed to the eligible participants. Participants were provided $50 for the return of completed surveys. Costs were defined as either direct out-of-pocket costs or indirect costs (e.g., time). Descriptive statistics, including percentage and median (interquartile range [IQR]) are reported.ResultsRespondents included 28 adult patients and 17 caregivers of patients who were minors. Reported health insurance coverage included 35 (78%) with private insurance, 12 (27%) with public insurance, six (13%) with Children’s Special Health Care Services, and one (2%) uninsured. Median annual direct costs were $3464 ($844–$5865) for adult patients and $1687 (IQR $1035–$4763) for caregivers. Of these costs, diet-associated costs contributed $1140 (IQR $600–$2400). The most substantial indirect cost was from the time spent planning/prepping meals (adults: 183 h/yr [IQR 114–331]; caregivers: 173 h/yr [IQR 84–205]).ConclusionsAdults and caregivers of children with NS face substantial disease-related direct and indirect costs beyond those covered by insurance. Following replication, the study will help health care providers, systems, and payers gain a better understanding of the financial and time burden incurred by those living with NS, consider barriers when treating patients, and develop supportive strategies.