bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
circRanGAP1/miR-27b-3p/NRAS Axis may promote the progression of hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Xia-Hui , Liu Zhi-Yong , Zhang Dan-Ying , Zhang Si , Tang Wen-Qing , Li Dong-Ping , Zhang Feng , Chen Rong-Xin , Weng Shu-Qiang , Xue Ru-Yi , Dong Ling 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Though circular RNAs (circRNAs) are the key regulators in tumor carcinogenesis, they remain largely unexplored in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
The expression of RanGAP1-derived circRNAs (circ_0063531, circ_0063534, circ_0063513, circ_0063518, circ_0063507, circ_0063723) were evaluated in eight paired HCC and normal tissues, and the correlation between circRanGAP1 (circ_0063531) expression and clinicopathological characteristics in 40 HCC patients was determined. The association between miR-27b-3p and circRanGAP1 or NRAS was predicted using bioinformatics analysis. The expression of circRanGAP1, miR-27b-3p, and NRAS were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The potential oncogenic role of circ-RanGAP1 was assessed using CCK-8, colony formation, transwell assays in vitro, subcutaneous tumor mouse model, vein tail metastatic model, and orthotopically implanted intrahepatic HCC model in vivo. Luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to explore the binding site between miR-27b-3p and circ-RanGAP1 or NRAS. Protein expression was detected using western blotting. The localization of miR-27b-3p and circ-RanGAP1 was investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The level of immune infiltration was assessed by bioinformatics analysis, flow cytometry, and orthotopically implanted intrahepatic HCC models.

Results
Here, we found elevated circRanGAP1 in the cells and clinical tissues of patients with HCC. Increased circRanGAP1 levels are associated with enlarged tumors and the advanced stage of TNM. CircRanGAP1 promotes the growth, migration, and HCC cell invasion, concurrently with the growth and metastasis of tumors in-vivo. Moreover, circRanGAP1 is mainly located inside the cytoplasm. Mechanistically, circRanGAP1 as an oncogene promotes HCC progression by miR-27b-3p/NRAS/ERK axis, furthermore, affects the infiltration level of tumor-associated macrophages probably by sponging miR-27b-3p. Immune infiltration analysis shows that NRAS is positively correlated with the levels of CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages in HCC samples and that NRAS and CD68 are related to the poor outcome of HCC.

Conclusion
These results reveal that circRanGAP1 is a HCC oncogene that function by the miR-27b-3p/NRAS/ERK axis and regulates the infiltration levels of tumor-associated macrophages by sponging miR-27b-3p. Therefore, circRANGAP1/ NRAS axis may be an important potential treatment target against HCC.
Learn from antibody–drug conjugates: consideration in the future construction of peptide-drug conjugates for cancer therapy
Authors: Wu Mo , Huang Wei , Yang Nan , Liu Yanyong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide due to high heterogeneity. Although chemotherapy remains the mainstay of cancer therapy, non-selective toxicity and drug resistance of mono-chemotherapy incur broad criticisms. Subsequently, various combination strategies have been developed to improve clinical efficacy, also known as cocktail therapy. However, conventional “cocktail administration” is just passable, due to the potential toxicities to normal tissues and unsatisfactory synergistic effects, especially for the combined drugs with different pharmacokinetic properties. The drug conjugates through coupling the conventional chemotherapeutics to a carrier (such as antibody and peptide) provide an alternative strategy to improve therapeutic efficacy and simultaneously reduce the unspecific toxicities, by virtue of the advantages of highly specific targeting ability and potent killing effect. Although 14 antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) have been approved worldwide and more are being investigated in clinical trials so far, several limitations have been disclosed during clinical application. Compared with ADCs, peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) possess several advantages, including easy industrial synthesis, low cost, high tissue penetration and fast clearance. So far, only a handful of PDCs have been approved, highlighting tremendous development potential. Herein, we discuss the progress and pitfalls in the development of ADCs and underline what can learn from ADCs for the better construction of PDCs in the future.
Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology among children around the world
Authors: Wang Chao , Gao Zhi-Yong , Walsh Nick , Hadler Stephen , Lu Qing-Bin , Cui Fuqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBy 26 August 2022, the number of cases of acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (AHUA) has drastically increased to 1115 distributed in 35 countries that fulfill the World Health Organization definition. Several hypotheses on the cause of AHUA have been proposed and are being investigated around the world. In the recent United Kingdom (UK) report, human adenovirus (HAdV) with adeno-associated virus (AAV) co-infection is the leading hypothesis. However, there is still limited evidence in establishing the causal relationship between AHUA and any potential aetiology. The leading aetiology continues to be HAdV infection. It is reported that HAdV genomics is not unusual among the population in the UK, especially among AUHA cases. Expanding the surveillance of HAdV and AAV in the population and the environment in the countries with AUHA cases is suggested to be the primary action. Metagenomics should be used in detecting other infectious pathogens on a larger scale, to supplement the detection of viruses in the blood, stool, and liver specimens from AUHA cases. It is useful to develop a consensus-specific case definition of AHUA to better understand the characteristics of these cases globally based on all the collected cases.
A case of primary optic pathway demyelination caused by oncocytic oligodendrogliopathy of unknown origin
Authors: Hametner Simon , Silvaieh Sara , Thurnher Majda , Dal-Bianco Assunta , Cetin Hakan , Ponleitner Markus , Zebenholzer Karin , Pemp Berthold , Trattnig Siegfried , Rössler Karl , Berger Thomas , Lassmann Hans , Hainfellner Johannes A. , Bsteh Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report the case of a 22-year-old woman presenting with an acute onset of dizziness, gait dysbalance and blurred vision. Magnetic resonance imaging included 3 Tesla and 7 Tesla imaging and revealed a T2-hyperintense, T1-hypointense, non-contrast-enhancing lesion strictly confined to the white matter affecting the right optic radiation. An extensive ophthalmologic examination yielded mild quadrantanopia but no signs of optic neuropathy. The lesion was biopsied. The neuropathological evaluation revealed a demyelinating lesion with marked tissue vacuolization and granular myelin disintegration accompanied by mild T cell infiltration and a notable absence of myelin uptake by macrophages. Oligodendrocytes were strikingly enlarged, displaying oncocytic characteristics and showed cytoplasmic accumulation of mitochondria, which had mildly abnormal morphology on electron microscopy. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis was excluded. Harding's disease, a variant of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, was then suspected. However, neither PCR for relevant mutations nor whole exome sequencing yielded known pathogenetic mutations in the patient's genome. We present a pattern of demyelinating tissue injury of unknown etiology with an oncocytic change of oligodendrocytes and a lack of adequate phagocytic response by macrophages, which to the best of our knowledge, has not been described before.
Sr isotopic ratios of hydrothermal fluids from the Okinawa Trough and the implications of variation in fluid–sediment interactions
Authors: Toki Tomohiro , Nohara Tasuku , Urata Yoshiaki , Shinjo Ryuichi , Hokakubo-Watanabe Shuko , Ishibashi Jun-ichiro , Kawagucci Shinsuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSr isotope ratios of hydrothermal fluids were observed at five sediment-associated sites in the Okinawa Trough to investigate the diversity of subseafloor fluid–rock–sediment interactions. The estimated 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the hydrothermal endmember fluids at the five sites were all higher than those at the sediment-starved sites. The endmember Sr isotopic ratios of hydrothermal fluids were diverse within the Okinawa Trough, ranging from 0.7077 at the Iheya North Knoll site to 0.712 at the Yonaguni Knoll IV site. To our knowledge, 0.712 is the highest value reported to date for seafloor hydrothermal fluids. This variation is likely attributable to the relative contributions of multiple subseafloor Sr reservoirs, which are 87Sr-poor volcanic rock and 87Sr-rich hemipelagic sediments containing clay minerals of terrestrial origin. These data support a model based on the carbon isotope ratio of CH4, which indicates whether volcanic rocks or terrestrial sediments are distributed in the high-temperature reaction zone of the hydrothermal system.
Structural racism and the impact on incarcerated midlife women
Authors: Hutchinson-Colas Juana , Earnhardt Mary Cathryn , Mannan Afsara , McGreevy James , Bachmann Gloria A 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHigh recidivism rates indicate that current forms of imprisonment may be an ineffective response to problems that mainly burden those ensconced in poverty and marginalization. Homelessness, unemployment, racial disparities, drug use, and mental illness, disappear from public view when the afflicted individuals are relegated to a life behind bars. Women are the fastest growing prison population and most incarcerated women are from Black and Latinx groups. Structural racism encompasses the many ways in which society fosters racial discrimination through mutually reinforcing unfair systems of housing, education, employment, earnings, benefits, credit, media, health care, and criminal justice. In turn, this behavior reinforces discriminatory beliefs, values, and distribution of resources. Structural racism pervades every aspect of society, including the carceral system, from policing to prosecutorial decisions, pretrial release processes, sentencing, correctional discipline, and even reentry. Women constitute a minority within the carceral system, and as a result, their unique health care needs, especially during the midlife period, are inadequately addressed and often overlooked. There is also a general lack of gender sensitivity and special considerations in existing jail and prison policies and practices. This commentary highlights the impact of structural racism on the arrests and incarceration of women, and discusses their special health and wellness needs, with emphasis on midlife women. It also illuminates the need to address structural racism and its ripple effects within the carceral system.
Newborn resuscitation simulation training and changes in clinical performance and perinatal outcomes: a clinical observational study of 10,481 births
Authors: Vadla May Sissel , Moshiro Robert , Mdoe Paschal , Eilevstjønn Joar , Kvaløy Jan Terje , Hhoki Barikiel Hhando , Ersdal Hege 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Annually, 1.5 million intrapartum-related deaths occur; fresh stillbirths and early newborn deaths. Most of these deaths are preventable with skilled ventilation starting within the first minute of life. Helping Babies Breathe is an educational program shown to improve simulated skills in newborn resuscitation. However, translation into clinical practice remains a challenge. The aim was to describe changes in clinical resuscitation and perinatal outcomes (i.e., fresh stillbirths and 24-h newborn deaths) after introducing a novel simulator (phase 1) and then local champions (phase 2) to facilitate ongoing Helping Babies Breathe skill and scenario simulation training.

Methods
This is a 3-year prospective before/after (2 phases) clinical observational study in Tanzania. Research assistants observed all deliveries from September 2015 through August 2018 and recorded labor/newborn information and perinatal outcomes. A novel simulator with automatic feedback to stimulate self-guided skill training was introduced in September 2016. Local champions were introduced in October 2017 to motivate midwives for weekly training, also team simulations.

Results
The study included 10,481 births. Midwives had practiced self-guided skill training during the last week prior to a real newborn resuscitation in 34% of cases during baseline, 30% in phase 1, and 71% in phase 2. Most real resuscitations were provided by midwives, increasing from 66% in the baseline, to 77% in phase 1, and further to 83% in phase 2. The median time from birth to first ventilation decreased between baseline and phase 2 from 118 (85–165) to 101 (72–150) s, and time pauses during ventilation decreased from 28 to 16%. Ventilations initiated within the first minute did not change significantly (13–16%). The proportion of high-risk deliveries increased during the study period, while perinatal mortality remained unchanged.

Conclusions
This study reports a gradual improvement in real newborn resuscitation skills after introducing a novel simulator and then local champions. The frequency of trainings increased first after the introduction of motivating champions. Time from birth to first ventilation decreased; still, merely 16% of newborns received ventilation within the first minute as recommended. This is a remaining challenge that may require more targeted team-scenario training and quality improvement efforts to improve.
Relationship between resistance index and recirculation rate in vascular access
Authors: Umei Katsuyuki , Toda Naohiro , Izumi Juri , Umeda Yuriko , Iwata Mari , Nakanishi Kazuhide , Komiya Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe state of vascular access affects the efficiency of hemodialysis. Poor blood flow of vascular access causes recirculation, which reduces treatment efficiency. In the clinical setting, the resistance index (RI) is a commonly used parameter to evaluate the state of vascular access. However, there are few reports investigating the direct relationship between RI and the recirculation rate. In this study, the relationship between RI and the recirculation rate was investigated using computational fluid dynamics analysis.MethodsWe created a three-dimensional model that mimics vascular access in hemodialysis patients. Next, we input various blood flow waveforms (RI 0.00, 0.50, 0.60, 0.80, and 0.94) into the vascular model. Then, two needles were punctured into the blood vessel model. Blood was removed from the vessel by one needle at a rate of 200 ml/min and returned by the other needle at the same speed. The recirculation rate was calculated using the backflow from the blood return needle.ResultsThe recirculation rates for the blood flow waveforms of RI 0.00, 0.50, 0.60, 0.80, and 0.94 were 0.00%, 0.29%, 0.44%, 11.6%, and 28.1%, respectively. The recirculation rate was higher for blood flow with higher RI. In addition, more recirculation occurred during the diastolic phase, when blood flow was slow.ConclusionsWhen the minimum blood flow was slower than the hemodialysis blood removal speed, both backflow and the recirculation rate increased. Sufficient diastolic blood flow needs to be maintained to suppress recirculation.
DNA barcoding reveals the natural occurrence of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch in Bhendi [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] ecosystem in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Abarna V. P. , Vishnupriya R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) incidence is a major constraint in vegetable cultivation. The indiscriminate use of acaricides is causing environmental threat and also residual effect in vegetables. To develop an eco-friendly management strategy, an investigation was made to access the natural occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) infecting mites in bhendi, India ecosystem.

Results
Natural incidence of EPF was high during the month of December. Twelve EPF isolates were isolated from the mycosed T. urticae cadavers using Potato Dextrose Agar Medium. Morphological studies confirmed that the isolated fungi were Beauveria bassiana. PCR amplification of ITS region was carried out and the results showed, amplification at 560 bp. In NCBI database, the sequence of the virulent isolates had shown 99.2, 98.7, 99.1, 97.7 and 96.8% homology with other B. bassiana isolates, confirming the occurrence of B. bassiana mycosed mites in vegetable ecosystem.

Conclusion
The isolate MZ749636 (B.b-7) was found to be virulent against T. urticae causing 86% mortality of T. urticae at the conidial load of 1 × 108 conidia/ml at laboratory conditions and so it could be utilized for the eco-friendly management of T. urticae.
Peripartum neurological complications and labor epidural: an anesthesiologist predicament
Authors: Sarkar Mita Eunice , Inbaraj Alfred , Rao Pooja 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Dismissing the process of labor, postpartum neurological complications tend to implicate anesthetic interventions as the cause, a predicament to the anesthesiologist mandating utmost periprocedural vigilance.

Case presentation
Two obstetric patients with no comorbidities received uneventful labor epidurals. They presented with rare peripartum neurological complications.

Conclusions
Unrecognized dural puncture is often a retrospective diagnosis made with the onset of symptoms in a presumed uneventful epidural. Negative aspiration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during epidural insertion does not completely rule out the dural puncture. Th dural puncture can be obscured by initial dural tenting and tear without loss of CSF, followed by a breach in the weakened arachnoid during maternal efforts (Reynolds and Speedy, Anaesthesia 45:120-3, 1990). Obstruction of the TUOHY l umen with clot or ligamentum flavum, preventing CSF flow into the needle and subarachnoid migration of a subdurally placed catheter, is another cause.
Delay in management of neurological complications resulting from unrecognized dural punctures can occur.
Sorting of exclusive mitochondrial proteins from the Mitoproteome database
Authors: Yadav Deepak , Thakur Bharti , Kumar Deepak , Chowdhary Sheemona , Bhattacharyya Rajasri , Banerjee Dibyajyoti 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWorld Wide Web and scientific literature record information regarding several organelles and mitochondria is not an exception. However, currently mitochondrial databases also provide information about non-mitochondrial proteins. As on date, there is no way to know the exclusive mitochondrial proteins. It is crucial to know the exclusively mitochondrial proteins, present in mitochondria but absent elsewhere. In this work, by analysis of available databases, we have provided a list of exclusively mitochondrial proteins known as on date.
Mutational analysis of phospholipase C epsilon 1 gene in Egyptian children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Abdou Mohammed , Ramadan Abeer , El-Agamy Basma E. , EL-Farsy Mohamed S. , Saleh Eman M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is characterized by unresponsiveness of nephrotic range proteinuria to standard steroid therapy, and is the main cause of childhood renal failure. The identification of more than 53 monogenic causes of SRNS has led researchers to focus on the genetic mutations related to the molecular mechanisms of the disease. Mutations in thePLCE1gene, which encodes phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCε1), have been described in patients with early-onset SRNS characterized by progressive renal failure. In this study we screened forPLCE1mutations in Egyptian children with SRNS. This is a descriptive case series study aiming to screen forPLCE1gene mutations by direct sequencing of five exons—9, 12, 15, 19, 27—in 20 Egyptian children with SRNS who entered the Nephrology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University from November 2015 to December 2017. The variants detected were submitted to in silico analysis.ResultsWe screened for mutations in five selected exons ofPLCE1gene. We identified seven variants in the five selected exons with homozygous and heterozygous inheritance pattern, two are intronic variants, two are silent variants, and three are missense variants. We identified four novel variants two are silent with no clinical significance and two are missense with uncertain clinical significance and pathogenic in-silico predictions; one p.Arg1230His in exon 12, the other is p.Glu1393Lys in exon 15.ConclusionsWe identified four novel mutations, findings which added to the registered SNP spectrum of thePLCE1gene. These results widen the spectrum ofPLCE1gene mutations and support the importance of genetic testing in different populations of SRNS patients, therefore, to assess the vulnerability of Egyptian children to SRNS candidate genes, further studies needed on a larger number of cases which undoubtedly provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of SRNS and might help in control of the patient. Additionally, the use of computational scoring and modeling tools may assist in the evaluation of the way in which the SNPs affect protein functionality.
A new insight into the diverse facets of microRNA-31 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kavitha M. , Jayachandran D. , Aishwarya S. Y. , Md. Younus P. , Venugopal A. , Suresh Babu H. W. , Ajay E. , Sanjana M. , Arul N. , Balachandar V. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as an emerging biomarker in many cancer types. They are used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and could be considered therapeutic targets in treating the same.

Main body
Studies have proven that miRNAs play an essential role in molecular cancer pathophysiology, including oral squamous cell carcinoma. Distinct expression profiles of different miRNAs have been demonstrated in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Among the miRNAs, the miR-31 has strong potential as a unique biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and the increased expression was correlated to a poor clinical outcome with a likely contribution to oral carcinogenesis.

Short conclusion
The recent research on different aspects of miR-31 as a biomarker and also its potential application in the development of therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma has been focused in this review.

Graphical abstract