bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eruption and propagation of twisted flux ropes from the base of the solar corona to 1 au
Authors: Regnault F. , Strugarek A. , Janvier M. , Auchère F. , Lugaz N. , Al-Haddad N. 
Published: December 2022

Context.Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) originate from the eruption of complex magnetic structures occurring in our star’s atmosphere. Determining the general properties of ICMEs and the physical processes at the heart of their interactions with the solar wind is a hard task, in particular using only unidimensional in situ profiles. Thus, these phenomena are still not well understood.Aims.In this study we simulate the propagation of a set of flux ropes in order to understand some of the physical processes occurring during the propagation of an ICME, such as their growth or their rotation.Methods.We present simulations of the propagation of a set of flux ropes in a simplified solar wind. We consider different magnetic field strengths and sizes at the initiation of the eruption, and characterize their influence on the properties of the flux ropes during their propagation. We use the 3D magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) module of the PLUTO code on an adaptive mesh refinement grid.Results.The evolution of the magnetic field of the flux rope during the propagation matches evolution law deduced from in situ observations. We also simulate in situ profiles that spacecraft would have measured at the Earth, and we compare these data with the results of statistical studies. We find a good match between simulated in situ profiles and typical profiles obtained in these studies. During their propagation, flux ropes interact with the magnetic field of the wind, but still show realistic signatures of ICMEs when analyzed with synthetic satellite crossings. We also show that flux ropes with different shapes and orientations can lead to similar unidimensional crossings. This warrants some care when extracting the magnetic topology of ICMEs using unidimensional crossings.
Retraction Notice: Interpretation of Stark broadening measurements on a spatially integrated plasma spectral line
Authors: Thouin Julien , Benmouffok Malyk , Freton Pierre , Gonzalez Jean-Jacques 
Published: December 2022

At the request of the corresponding Author, this article has been retracted.
Shortly after publication, the Editorial Board of EPJ Applied Physics received comments from the corresponding Author. He informs that he has found an error in the numerical determination of the PE spectral line. According to him, this error does not affect the construction of the paper or its conclusions. The Authors prefer to submit again the manuscript with the correct results, to the journal for evaluation and a republication could be considered.
The errors can be found highlighted in yellow in the Supplementary material.
The corresponding Author, in the name of all the co-authors, who are aware and agree with the decision to retract, apologizes to readers.
Ein bemerkenswerter Fall: Eine atypisch gelegene Urachuszyste nach kontinenter Harnableitung mittels MAINZ-Pouch mit Appendixstoma
Authors: Reichert Mathias , Strauss Arne , Mohr Mirjam Naomi , Schneider Till Rasmus , Trojan Lutz , Hahn Oliver 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIm hier vorgestellten Fall wird von einem 29-jährigen Mann berichtet, der sich aufgrund eines Traumas als Kleinkind und nach mehrmaligen Vor-Operationen mit einer kontinenten Harnableitung mittels Mainz Pouch I und Z.n. Zystektomie vorstellte. Grund der Vorstellung war eine unspezifische Schwellung paraumbilikal rechts, welche für den Patienten eine Beeinträchtigung darstellte. Trotz weiterführender Bildgebung mittels Magnetresonanztomographie blieb eine eindeutige Diagnose des im subkutanen Gewebe gelegenen Verhaltes aus. Nach chirurgischer Entfernung des kompletten Befundes und nach histologischer Aufarbeitung konnte die Diagnose einer Urachuszyste gestellt werden.
Update Mammakarzinom 2022 Teil 2 – Brustkrebs in fortgeschrittenen Krankheitsstadien
Authors: Müller Volkmar , Welslau Manfred , Lüftner Diana , Schütz Florian , Stickeler Elmar , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Thomssen Christoph , Witzel Isabell , Fehm Tanja N. , Belleville Erik , Bader Simon , Seitz Katharina , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Schneeweiss Andreas , Harbeck Nadia , Würstlein Rachel , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Kolberg Hans Christian , Wöckel Achim 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungFür Patientinnen mit einem fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom sind in den letzten Jahren mit den CDK4/6‑Inhibitoren, den Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren, den PARP-Inhibitoren, dem Alpelisib, Tucatinib und Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan sowie Sacituzumab-Govitecan einige Therapien neu etabliert worden, welche die Therapielandschaft von Patientinnen mit einem fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom deutlich verändert bzw. erweitert haben. Einige dieser Substanzen sind mittlerweile auch bei frühen Krankheitsstadien zugelassen bzw. eine Zulassung ist in naher Zukunft wahrscheinlich, sodass sich die Therapielandschaft abermals ändern wird. Die Einführung neuer Substanzen und das Verständnis der Progressions- und Effektivitätsmechanismen für diese Substanzen steht deswegen im Fokus der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Bemühungen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die neuen Entwicklungen basierend auf aktuellen Publikationen und Kongressen zusammengefasst. Erkenntnisse zur Behandlung von Patientinnen mit einem HER2-positiven Mammakarzinom und Hirnmetastasen werden ebenso dargestellt wie eine Reihe von Studien, die sich mit Biomarkern bei Patientinnen mit HER2-negativem, hormonrezeptorpositivem Mammakarzinom beschäftigen. Insbesondere die Einführung der oralen, selektiven Östrogenrezeptor-Degradierer birgt neue Chancen, eine biomarkerbasierte Therapie zu etablieren. Die molekulare Diagnostik etabliert sich als diagnostischer Marker und Verlaufsparameter.
Axillastaging nach neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie bei initial nodal positivem Mammakarzinom in Deutschland – Erste Daten aus der AXSANA-Studie
Authors: Hartmann Steffi , Kühn Thorsten , Hauptmann Michael , Stickeler Elmar , Thill Marc , Lux Michael P. , Fröhlich Sarah , Ruf Franziska , Loibl Sibylle , Blohmer Jens-Uwe , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Thiemann Elisabeth , Weigel Michael , Solbach Christine , Kaltenecker Gabriele , Paluchowski Peter , Schrauder Michael G. , Paepke Stefan , Watermann Dirk , Hahn Markus , Hufnagel Maria , Lefarth Jutta , Untch Michael , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie ,   Die AXSANA-Studiengruppe
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das optimale axilläre Stagingverfahren für initial nodal positive MammakarzinompatientInnen nach neoadjuvanter Chemotherapie (NACT) ist bislang unklar. Die AXSANA-Studie wird mit dem Ziel durchgeführt, die verschiedenen operativen Stagingtechniken hinsichtlich ihres onkologischen Outcomes und der Lebensqualität prospektiv miteinander zu vergleichen. Über die aktuelle klinische Praxis in Deutschland ist wenig bekannt.
Material und Methoden Die Daten der von Juni 2020 bis März 2022 an deutschen Studienzentren in die AXSANA-Studie aufgenommenen PatientInnen wurden analysiert.
Ergebnisse Im Untersuchungszeitraum wurden 1135 PatientInnen an 143 Studienstandorten rekrutiert. Bei 22 % der PatientInnen fanden sich initial mehr als 3 suspekte Lymphknoten. In 64 % der Fälle wurde der Target-Lymphknoten (TLN) markiert. Dabei erfolgte die Markierung bei 83 % der PatientInnen mit Clips/Coils, bei je 8 % mit magnetischen Seeds oder Kohlenstoffsuspension und bei 1 % mit einem Radarmarker. Bei jeweils 48 % der PatientInnen wurde nach NACT eine Targeted Axillary Dissection (TAD) oder eine axilläre Lymphonodektomie (ALND) geplant, bei 2 % eine alleinige Sentinel-Lymphknoten-Biopsie (SLNB). Klinisch wurde der Nodalstatus nach NACT in 65 % der Fälle als unauffällig beurteilt. Bei 65 % der Frauen wurde der histologische Lymphknotenstatus durch die Palpation und bei 69 % der PatientInnen durch die Sonografie korrekt erfasst.
Schlussfolgerung An den deutschen AXSANA-Studienzentren werden derzeit die TAD und die ALND als häufigste operative Stagingverfahren nach NACT bei primär nodal positiven MammakarzinompatientInnen durchgeführt, wobei die Markierung des TLN vor NACT mit verschiedenen Markern erfolgt. Aufgrund der ungenügenden Genauigkeit der klinischen Beurteilung des axillären Lymphknotenstatus nach NACT sollte kritisch hinterfragt werden, ob eine Axilladissektion nach NACT auf der Grundlage einer alleinigen klinischen Bewertung des Nodalstatus erfolgen sollte.
Selen in der Anti-Aging-Medizin
Authors: Stoll Günther 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie ernsthafte, evidenzbasierte Auseinandersetzung mit dem Prozess des Alterns
und dem Bemühen, zielgerichtet auf pathophysiologische Verläufe
therapeutisch einzuwirken, wird heute vielfach mit der Veröffentlichung
von López-Otín et al. aus dem Jahr 2013 3 in Zusammenhang gebracht. Bei den dort
beschriebenen 9 Kennzeichen des Alterns spielt Selen eine bes. wichtige Rolle.
Das essenzielle Spurenelement kann z. B. auf die Telomerlänge,
die mitochondriale Dysfunktion und die Immunseneszenz einwirken. Von besonderer
Bedeutung ist eine ausreichend hohe Versorgung mit Selen in der geeigneten
chemischen Form für die Bekämpfung des
„Inflammaging“, das wichtig für Alterungsprozesse ist.
Selen erfüllt somit die Anforderungen an eine rationale
Anti-Aging-Medizin sowohl in Bezug auf seine biochemischen Wirkmechanismen als
auch im Hinblick auf die Arzneimittelsicherheit.
Easy Route to New Fused Dihydroisoquinoline-Naphthyridinone Frameworks
Authors: Fisyuk Alexander S. , Shuvalov Vladislav Yu. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe reaction of 1-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolines with azlactone, obtained from hippuric acid and phthalic anhydride, provided 2-(3-benzamido-4-oxo-6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-yl)benzoic acids, which were converted into previously unknown dihydroisoquinoline-naphthyridinones by the action of hydrazine hydrate. Further reaction of the prepared naphthyridine-5,7-diones with POCl3 under various conditions led to the formation of 5-chloro-9,10-dihydro-7H-benzo[c]isoquinolino[1,2-g][1,7]naphthyridin-7-ones or 4,6-dichloro-2-(2-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)phenyl)benzo[c][1,7]naphthyridines. It was also shown that the halogen atom in the C-5 position enters into a substitution reaction with primary and secondary amines.
A novel method of hybrid plasma injection driven by the pulsed discharge of a metal–polytetrafluoroethylene-stacked capillary in high-pressure SF6
Authors: Li Xiaoang , Zhang Ningbo , Jiang Pan , Xu Haitao , Li Zhibing , Zhang Ran , Zhao Ke , Zhang Qiaogen 
Published: December 2022

A reliable and repeatable triggering technology for a megavolt gap switch with a low working coefficient η is an urgent need and a research focus. In this study, a novel method of hybrid plasma injection (HPI) driven by pulsed discharge inside a capillary was first proposed. The HPI actuator adopted a metal–polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-stacked capillary, in which severe ablation could generate a hybrid plasma containing gas and metal vapor ionized component ejected outward from the nozzle. The HPI actuator could perform repeatedly with an extremely strong plasma injection and triggering ability and, thus, provided a solution for megavolt ultrafast bypass switches (UFBPSs). The evolution and the trigger properties of the HPI actuator were investigated, and the influence of the stacked material (Al, Zn, and Sn) and its proportion (3/15, 7/15, and 10/15) was studied, followed by the performance degradation in multi-shot. It was found that stacking chemically active and low-ionization-energy aluminum in a proportion of 7/15 strongly enhanced the HPI, with an initial velocity of 1200 m/s and a maximum height of 7.5 cm in 0.5 MPa SF6. In repeated operations, the HPI actuator performance degraded obviously due to capillary expansion and deformation, and the lifetime was tens of magnitude. Finally, the optimized HPI actuator was used to trigger a 7 cm–0.5 MPa SF6 gap, with a breakdown voltage of ∼1.5 MV. When a 100 kV DC voltage was applied (η &lt; 7%), the gap was successfully and continuously triggered for 27 shots with the trigger delay ranging from 301 to 670 µs, indicating that the HPI actuator could effectively and repeatedly trigger megavolt-magnitude SF6 gaps at a very low η and was a good solution for megavolt UFBPSs.
A discourse-pragmatic functional study of Chinese epistemic markers haoxiang “seem” and
keneng “probably”
Authors: Wang Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the discourse-pragmatic functions of the epistemic markers haoxiang
“seem” and keneng “probably” in natural conversations of Mandarin Chinese. By examining 107 cases of
haoxiang and 152 cases of keneng in sequential contexts, it demonstrates that both
haoxiang and keneng are hedge expressions showing the speaker’s attitude of lack of
commitment to the truthfulness of their own utterance, which is often driven by an intersubjective motivation.
As epistemic markers, haoxiang tends to mitigate informational certainty that is based on the
speaker’s personal but vague experience, while keneng is often used to mitigate the assertiveness of the
speaker’s personal speculation deduced from background knowledge, general knowledge or commonly accepted logic.
Further, this study claims that both haoxiang and keneng often serve as
politeness devices to mitigate various Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) such as disconfirmation, disagreement or negative assessment.
In either case, haoxiang and keneng are not merely epistemic markers revealing the speaker’s
subjective uncertainty, but also serve as politeness markers for the purpose of intersubjectivity, and their multiple
discourse-pragmatic usages are rooted in their semantic meanings, respectively.
Written narratives of adolescents with developmental language disorder compared with typically developing adolescents
and adults
Authors: Kraljević Jelena Kuvač , Matić Škorić Ana , Tomazin Marina Olujić 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Children who struggle with acquisition of oral language are likely to become less proficient writers later on. The
current study aimed to compare written texts of adolescents with developmental language disorder (DLD) and their typically
developing (TD) peers in terms of length, content, cohesion, coherence and errors. Additionally, texts of TD adolescents were
compared with the texts of TD adults. Accordingly, three participant groups were included in this study: 21 DLD adolescents, 21 TD
adolescents and 22 TD adults, all native speakers of Croatian. The comparison of narrative texts written by DLD and TD adolescents
suggests that the former write shorter and less cohesive texts and produce more errors. These results indicate that individuals
with DLD have writing profiles similar to those obtained in other studies. Comparison of texts written by TD adolescents and
adults shows that both groups write largely similar texts which differ only in the use of sophisticated vocabulary.
How much does sleep deprivation impair endurance performance? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lopes Thiago Ribeiro , Pereira Hugo Maxwell , Bittencourt Lia Rita Azeredo , Silva Bruno Moreira 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the effect of sleep deprivation on endurance performance, as well as possible effect‐modifying factors. Searches were done in Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus on 12 July 2022. We additionally searched the bibliographic references and citations on Google Scholar of the papers whose full text was analyzed. Eligible studies were randomized and non‐randomized controlled trials that compared sleep deprivation and habitual‐sleep night effects on endurance performance in healthy humans. The studies’ quality was examined by the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. We calculated the pooled standardized mean differences (pooled SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) by a random‐effects model. A mixed‐effects model analyzed subgroups. Thirty‐one studies were analyzed (n = 478), generating 38 effect sizes in full. The overall risk of bias was low in 8% of the studies, unclear in 74%, and high in 18%. Sleep deprivation in general had a moderate negative effect on endurance performance (polled SMD [95%CI] = −0.52 [−0.67; −0.38]). Training status, sleep deprivation magnitude, assessment time, exercise mode, and endpoint type did not influence the sleep deprivation effect, whereas longer exercises (>30 min) were more affected by sleep deprivation than shorter ones (P = 0.035). Therefore, the available evidence supports that sleep deprivation's deleterious effect on endurance performance is of moderate size and depends on exercise duration. This information can be useful to estimate the performance decrement of endurance exercise practitioners under sleep deprivation in training routines and competitions.PROSPERO registration number CRD42021229717.
Perioperative Outcomes and Risk Profile of 4730 Cosmetic Breast Surgery Cases in Academic Institutions: An ACS-NSQIP Analysis
Authors: Knoedler Samuel , Kauke-Navarro Martin , Haug Valentin , Broer P Niclas , Pomahac Bohdan , Knoedler Leonard , Panayi Adriana C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Cosmetic breast surgery (CBS) can be subdivided into augmentation, mastopexy, reduction, and reconstruction.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze a multi-institutional national database to investigate the outcomes of CBS and identify clinical patterns to optimize care.

Methods
The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2008-2020) was reviewed to identify female patients who underwent CBS. Postoperative outcomes (30-day surgical and medical complications, reoperation, readmission, and mortality) and risk factors for complications were assessed.

Results
In total, 4733 patients were identified (mean age, 40 [13] years; mean BMI, 24 [4.5] kg/m2) with augmentation accounting for 54% of cases. There were complications in 2.0% of cases. Age &gt;65 years (P = .002), obesity (P &lt; .0001), setting (P &lt; .0001), and diabetes (P = .04) were risk factors for any complication. Age &gt;65 years (P = .02), obesity (P = .03), diabetes (P = .01), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (P = .002) and congestive heart failure (P &lt; .0001), smoking in the past year (P = .003), setting (P = .007), and increased American Society of Anesthesiology score (P &lt; .0001) were predictors of surgical complications such as dehiscence and infection. Multivariable analysis confirmed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity Class 1 and 3, and inpatient status were independent risk factors for occurrence of any complication (P = .0005, .0003, &lt; .0001 and &lt;.0001, respectively). Additionally, multiple procedures (P = .02) and smoking (P = .005) were found to be risk factors for surgical complications.

Conclusions
This study confirms the positive safety profile of CBS. Healthy BMI is a protective factor, while complications were more likely among inpatient procedures. A correlation between multiple procedures and increased surgical complications was identified. Awareness of these risk factors can assist surgeons to further refine their perioperative protocols.
Outcomes of laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted resection of T4 rectal cancer: propensity score-matched analysis of a national cancer database
Authors: Emile Sameh Hany , Horesh Nir , Freund Michael R , Garoufalia Zoe , Gefen Rachel , Silva-Alvarenga Emanuela , Dasilva Giovanna , Wexner Steven D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
T4 rectal cancer is a challenging condition owing to the highly invasive nature of the tumour that may compromise R0 resection. The present study aimed to assess the outcomes of laparoscopic versus robotic-assisted resection of non-metastatic T4 rectal adenocarcinoma.

Methods
This was a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis using the National Cancer Database between 2010 and 2019. Patients with pathological T4 non-metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted resection were compared and a propensity score-matched analysis was performed in a 1:1 manner. The main outcome measures were conversion to open surgery, mortality, readmission, resection margins, and overall survival.

Results
After propensity score matching, 235 patients were included in each group. There were 260 (55.3 per cent) men and 210 (44.7 per cent) women, with a mean (s.d.) age of 61 (13.2) years. Patients in the robotic group had a statistically significantly lower conversion rate (8.9 per cent versus 17.9 per cent; P = 0.006), shorter median duration of hospital stay (5 versus 6 days; P = 0.007), higher overall survival rate (56.2 per cent versus 43.4 per cent; P = 0.007), and a longer median survival (60.8 versus 43.2; P = 0.025). There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to positive resection margins, examined lymph nodes, 30-day and 90-day mortality rates, and 30-day readmission rate.

Conclusions
Robotic resections of T4 rectal cancer were associated with a significantly lower conversion rate and shorter duration of hospital stay than laparoscopic resections. The two approaches were comparable with regard to positive resection margins, short-term mortality, and readmission.
Modulation of ventromedial orbitofrontal cortical glutamatergic activity affects the explore-exploit balance and influences value-based decision-making
Authors: Barnes Samuel A , Dillon Daniel G , Young Jared W , Thomas Michael L , Faget Lauren , Yoo Ji Hoon , Der-Avakian Andre , Hnasko Thomas S , Geyer Mark A , Ramanathan Dhakshin S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The balance between exploration and exploitation is essential for decision-making. The present study investigated the role of ventromedial orbitofrontal cortex (vmOFC) glutamate neurons in mediating value-based decision-making by first using optogenetics to manipulate vmOFC glutamate activity in rats during a probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task. Rats that received vmOFC activation during informative feedback completed fewer reversals and exhibited reduced reward sensitivity relative to rats. Analysis with a Q-learning computational model revealed that increased vmOFC activity did not affect the learning rate but instead promoted maladaptive exploration. By contrast, vmOFC inhibition increased the number of completed reversals and increased exploitative behavior. In a separate group of animals, calcium activity of vmOFC glutamate neurons was recorded using fiber photometry. Complementing our results above, we found that suppression of vmOFC activity during the latter part of rewarded trials was associated with improved PRL performance, greater win-stay responding and selecting the correct choice on the next trial. These data demonstrate that excessive vmOFC activity during reward feedback disrupted value-based decision-making by increasing the maladaptive exploration of lower-valued options. Our findings support the premise that pharmacological interventions that normalize aberrant vmOFC glutamate activity during reward feedback processing may attenuate deficits in value-based decision-making.