bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous 24-h Photoplethysmogram Monitoring Enables Detection of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Väliaho Eemu-Samuli , Lipponen Jukka A. , Kuoppa Pekka , Martikainen Tero J. , Jäntti Helena , Rissanen Tuomas T. , Castrén Maaret , Halonen Jari , Tarvainen Mika P. , Laitinen Tiina M. , Laitinen Tomi P. , Santala Onni E. , Rantula Olli , Naukkarinen Noora S. , Hartikainen Juha E. K. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) detection is challenging because it is often asymptomatic and paroxysmal. We evaluated continuous photoplethysmogram (PPG) for signal quality and detection of AF.Methods: PPGs were recorded using a wrist-band device in 173 patients (76 AF, 97 sinus rhythm, SR) for 24 h. Simultaneously recorded 3-lead ambulatory ECG served as control. The recordings were split into 10-, 20-, 30-, and 60-min time-frames. The sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score of AF detection were evaluated for each time-frame. AF alarms were generated to simulate continuous AF monitoring. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive values (PPVs) of the alarms were evaluated. User experiences of PPG and ECG recordings were assessed. The study was registered in the Clinical Trials database (NCT03507335).Results: The quality of PPG signal was better during night-time than in daytime (67.3 ± 22.4% vs. 30.5 ± 19.4%, p &lt; 0.001). The 30-min time-frame yielded the highest F1-score (0.9536), identifying AF correctly in 72/76 AF patients (sensitivity 94.7%), only 3/97 SR patients receiving a false AF diagnosis (specificity 96.9%). The sensitivity and PPV of the simulated AF alarms were 78.2 and 97.2% at night, and 49.3 and 97.0% during the daytime. 82% of patients were willing to use the device at home.Conclusion: PPG wrist-band provided reliable AF identification both during daytime and night-time. The PPG data’s quality was better at night. The positive user experience suggests that wearable PPG devices could be feasible for continuous rhythm monitoring.
Combining Lovastatin and Minocycline for the Treatment of Fragile X Syndrome: Results From the LovaMiX Clinical Trial
Authors: Champigny Camille , Morin-Parent Florence , Bellehumeur-Lefebvre Laurence , Çaku Artuela , Lepage Jean-François , Corbin François 
Published: January 2022

Background: Limited success of previous clinical trials for Fragile X syndrome (FXS) has led researchers to consider combining different drugs to correct the pleiotropic consequences caused by the absence of the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Here, we report the results of the LovaMiX clinical trial, the first trial for FXS combining two disease-modifying drugs, lovastatin, and minocycline, which have both shown positive effects when used independently.Aim: The main goals of the study were to assess the safety and efficacy of a treatment combining lovastatin and minocycline for patients with FXS.Design: Pilot Phase II open-label clinical trial. Patients with a molecular diagnostic of FXS were first randomized to receive, in two-step titration either lovastatin or minocycline for 8 weeks, followed by dual treatment with lovastatin 40 mg and minocycline 100 mg for 2 weeks. Clinical assessments were performed at the beginning, after 8 weeks of monotherapy, and at week 20 (12 weeks of combined therapy).Outcome Measures: The primary outcome measure was the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community (ABC-C) global score. Secondary outcome measures included subscales of the FXS specific ABC-C (ABC-CFX), the Anxiety, Depression, and Mood Scale (ADAMS), the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (BRIEF), and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale second edition (VABS-II).Results: Twenty-one individuals out of 22 completed the trial. There were no serious adverse events related to the use of either drugs alone or in combination, suggesting good tolerability and safety profile of the combined therapy. Significant improvement was noted on the primary outcome measure with a 40% decrease on ABC-C global score with the combined therapy. Several outcome measures also showed significance.Conclusion: The combination of lovastatin and minocycline is safe in patients for FXS individuals and appears to improve several elements of the behavior. These results set the stage for a larger, placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial to confirm the beneficial effects of the combined therapy.
Depression and/or PTSD Comorbidity Affects Response to Antidepressants in Those With Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Na Peter J. , Ralevski Elizabeth , Jegede Oluwole , Wolfgang Aaron , Petrakis Ismene L. 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) highly co-occur with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The comparative effects of noradrenergic vs. serotonergic antidepressants on drinking and depressive outcomes for those with AUD and co-occurring depression and/or PTSD are not well known.Methods: This study was an analysis of a randomized control trial of 128 patients with AUD who had co-occurring depression and/or PTSD. They were randomized to treatment with paroxetine vs. desipramine and naltrexone vs. placebo leading to four groups: paroxetine plus naltrexone, paroxetine plus placebo, desipramine plus naltrexone, and desipramine plus placebo. Outcomes were percent of drinking days, percent heavy drinking days, drinks per drinking day (Time Line Follow-back Method), and depressive symptoms (Hamilton Depression Scale). Groups compared were (1) depression without PTSD (depression group; n = 35), (2) PTSD without depression (PTSD group; n = 33), and (3) both depression and PTSD (comorbid group; n = 60).Results: There were no overall significant differences in drinking outcomes by medication in the entire sample, and no significant interaction when diagnostic groups were not considered. However, when diagnostic groups were included in the model, the interactions between time, diagnostic group, and medication (desipramine vs. paroxetine) were significant for percent drinking days (p = 0.042), and percent heavy drinking days (p = 0.036); paroxetine showed better drinking outcomes within the depression group, whereas desipramine showed better drinking outcomes in the PTSD and comorbid groups. Regarding depressive symptoms, paroxetine was statistically superior to desipramine in the total sample (p = 0.007), but there was no significant interaction of diagnostic group and medication. Naltrexone led to a decrease in craving but no change in drinking outcomes.Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that drinking outcomes may respond differently to desipramine and paroxetine depending on comorbid MDD and/or PTSD.
Association Between Changes in Depressive Symptoms and Hazardous Drinking: Findings From the Korea Welfare Panel Study (2013–2018)
Authors: Jeong Sung Hoon , Lee Doo Woong , Kang Soo Hyun , Kim Seung Hoon , Park Eun-Cheol , Shin Jaeyong 
Published: January 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal association between changes in depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking among South Korean adults.Participants/Methods: This study was conducted using a sample drawn from participants enrolled in the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS) from 2013 to 2018. Hazardous drinking was defined as a score of 11 points for men and seven points for women on the Korean version of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using an 11-item version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A generalized estimating equation model was used to analyze the association between changes in depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking.Results: Of the 12,878 people registered with KoWePS and without follow-up losses from 2013 to 2018, a total of 2,341 were included in this study, excluding those under the age of 19 and those with missing data. Persistent depressive symptoms (men, odds ratio [OR]: 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48–3.21; women, OR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.66–4.22) and the changes from non-depressive symptoms to depressive symptoms (men, adjusted OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.80–2.64; women, OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.27–2.29) increased the likelihood of hazardous drinking.Conclusions: Persistent depressive symptoms and changes from non-depressive to depressive symptoms are associated with increased prevalence of hazardous drinking. This suggests that an evaluation of the underlying mental illness or emotion should be made when counseling for abstaining from alcohol for chronic drinkers or the general public.
Transcutaneous Electrical Spinal Cord Stimulation to Promote Recovery in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Tefertiller Candace , Rozwod Meghan , VandeGriend Eric , Bartelt Patricia , Sevigny Mitch , Smith Andrew C. 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the impact of using transcutaneous electrical spinal cord stimulation (TSCSTSCS) on upper and lower extremity function in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI).Design: Prospective case series.Setting: SCI specific rehabilitation hospital.Participants: A convenience sample (N = 7) of individuals with tetraplegia who had previously been discharged from outpatient therapy due to a plateau in progress.Interventions: Individuals participated in 60 min of upper extremity (UE) functional task-specific practice (FTP) in combination with TSCS and 60 min of locomotor training in combination with TSCS 5x/week.Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome for this analysis was the Capabilities of Upper Extremity Test (CUE-T). Secondary outcomes include UE motor score (UEMS), LE motor score (LEMS), sensation (light touch and pin prick), Nine-Hole Peg Test, 10 meter walk test, 6 min walk test, and 5 min stand test.Results: Seven individuals (four motor complete; three motor incomplete) completed 20–80 sessions UE and LE training augmented with TSCS and without any serious adverse events. Improvements were reported on the CUE-T in all seven individuals. Two individuals improved their ASIA impairment scale (AIS) classification (B to C; C to D) and two individuals improved their neurologic level of injury by one level (C4–C5; C5–C6). Sensation improved in five individuals and all four who started out with motor complete SCIs were able to voluntarily activate their LEs on command in the presence of stimulation.Conclusion: Individuals with chronic SCI who had previously demonstrated a plateau in function after an intensive outpatient therapy program were able to improve in a variety of UE and LE outcomes in response to TSCS without any adverse events. This was a small pilot study and future fully powered studies with comparative interventions need to be completed to assess efficacy.
Meta-analysis of Percutaneous vs. Surgical Approaches Radiofrequency Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Xiaozhun , Liu Yibin , Xu Lin , Ma Teng , Yin Xin , Huang Zhangkan , Wang Caibin , Huang Zhen , Bi Xinyu , Che Xu 
Published: January 2022

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a curative modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who are not suitable for resection. It remains controversial whether a surgical or percutaneous approach is more appropriate for HCC.Method: A search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from the date of database inception until April 17, 2021. Studies reporting outcomes of comparisons between surgical RFA (SRFA) and percutaneous RFA (PRFA) were included in this study. The meta-analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software.Result: A total of 10 retrospective studies containing 12 cohorts, involving 740 patients in the PRFA group and 512 patients in the SRFA group, were selected. Although the tumor size in PRFA group was smaller than the SRFA group (p = 0.007), there was no significant difference in complete ablation rate between the SRFA and PRFA groups (95.63% and 97.33%, respectively; Odds ratio [OR], 0.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 0.26–1.24; p = 0.15). However, the SRFA group showed a significantly lower local tumor recurrence than the PRFA group in the sensitivity analysis (28.7% in the PRFA group and 21.79% in the SRFA group, respectively; OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.14–2.95; p = 0.01). Pooled analysis data showed that the rate of severe perioperative complications did not differ significantly between the PRFA and SRFA groups (14.28% and 12.11%, respectively; OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.67-2.53; p = 0.44). There was no significant difference in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates, as well as the 1- and 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) between the PRFA and SRFA groups. The 5-year DFS of the PRFA group was significantly lower than the SRFA group (hazard ratio 0.73; 95% CI 0.54–0.99).Conclusion: Based on our meta-analysis, the surgical route was superior to PRFA in terms of local control rate. Furthermore, the surgical approach did not increase the risk of major complications.
Adult Combined Heart-Liver Transplantation: The United States Experience
Authors: Alexopoulos Sophoclis P. , Wu W. Kelly , Ziogas Ioannis A. , Matsuoka Lea K. , Rauf Muhammad A. , Izzy Manhal , Perri Roman , Schlendorf Kelly H. , Menachem Jonathan N. , Shah Ashish S. 
Published: January 2022

Background: We aimed to review the indications and outcomes of adults undergoing combined heart-liver transplantation (CHLT) in the US using national registry data.Methods: Adult (≥18 years) CHLT recipients in the United Network for Organ Sharing database were included (09/1987–09/2020; era 1 = 1989–2000, era 2 = 2001–2010, era 3 = 2011–2020). Survival analysis was conducted by means of Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression.Results: We identified 369 adults receiving CHLT between 12/1989–08/2020. The number of adult CHLT recipients (R2 = 0.75, p &lt; 0.001) and centers performing CHLT (R2 = 0.80, p &lt; 0.001) have increased over the study period. The most common cardiac diagnosis in the first two eras was restrictive/infiltrative cardiomyopathy, while the most common in era 3 was congenital heart disease (p = 0.03). The 1-, 3-, and 5-years patient survival was 86.8, 80.1, and 77.9%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, recipient diabetes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.23–4.48], CHLT between 1989-2000 compared with 2011–2020 (aHR = 5.00, 95% CI: 1.13–22.26), and sequential-liver first CHLT compared with sequential-heart first CHLT (aHR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.15–5.18) were associated with increased risk of mortality. Higher left ventricular ejection fraction was associated with decreased risk of mortality (aHR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99).Conclusion: CHLT is being increasingly performed with evolving indications. Excellent outcomes can be achieved with multidisciplinary patient and donor selection and surgical planning.
Morphological and Chemical Variation of Wild Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Populations
Authors: Poljak Igor , Vahčić Nada , Liber Zlatko , Šatović Zlatko , Idžojtić Marilena 
Published: January 2022

Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill., Fagaceae) is one of the oldest cultivated tree species in the Mediterranean, providing multiple benefits, and, since it has edible seeds, it represents an interesting model species for the research of morphological and chemical variability. In this study, morphometric methods and chemical analyses were used to quantify the extent of differences in phenotypic and nutritional traits between eight natural populations of sweet chestnut from different environmental conditions, where different management types are applied, high-forest and coppice. The samples were collected from the Prealps in Italy to the western part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In total, 31 nut and kernel morphometric and nutritional traits were studied on 160 trees, and various multivariate statistical analyses were used to study intra- and interpopulation variations. Both analyses, morphometric and chemical, revealed a similar pattern of diversity, with morphological and chemical variability not associated with geographic or environmental variables. In addition, we found significant correlations between morphometric and chemical data. High phenotypic variability was determined both among and within the studied populations, and all populations had a similar level of diversity. The results of the analysis of morphological and chemical diversity can have many practical applications for the management, production, and conservation of the sweet chestnut genetic resources for nut production.
Substance Use and Misuse among Adults with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the United States, 2015–2019: Prevalence, Association, and Moderation
Authors: Alanazi Abdullah M. M. , Alqahtani Mohammed M. , Alquaimi Maher M. , Alotaibi Tareq F. , Algarni Saleh S. , Ismaeil Taha T. , Alanazi Ahmad A. , Alasmari Moudi M. , Alhuthail Eyas A. , Alasmari Ali M , Gibson-Young Linda , Jayawardene Wasantha P. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Despite the advancements in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment, complications related to COPD exacerbation remain challenging. One associated factor is substance use/misuse among adults with COPD. Fewer studies, however, examined the prevalence and association between COPD and substance use and misuse. In addition, limited knowledge existed about the moderation effects of serious psychological distress and gender among adults with COPD and substance use/misuse. We aimed, therefore, to measure such prevalence, association, and moderation from nationally representative samples in the United States. Method: Data were drawn from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Weighted logistic regressions were used to measure the associations of last-month tobacco (cigarettes, cigars, pipe, and smokeless tobacco products), other licit and illicit substance use (alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, crack, heroin, hallucinogens, and inhalants), and substance misuse (pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives) among adults with COPD. Serious psychological distress and gender were tested as moderators in the association between COPD and substance use/misuse. Results: The findings revealed that adults with COPD [Weighted N = 53,115,718) revealed greater odds of cigarettes [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.48 (95%CI = 1.80–3.42)) and smokeless tobacco (aOR = 3.65 (95%CI = 1.75–7.65)). However, they were less likely to use alcohol (aOR = 0.61 (95%CI = 0.45–0.84)). Adults with COPD who had serious psychological distress were more likely to use pipe tobacco and alcohol; however, they were less likely to use hallucinogens and inhalants. Finally, males compared to females with COPD were less likely to use smokeless tobacco. Conclusion: Adults with COPD in the United States were more likely to use tobacco products and less likely to use alcohol. In addition, serious psychological distress and gender were moderators in associations between COPD and substance use but not in substance misuse. Future studies should longitudinally assess the factors that may contribute to the initiation and progression of substance use and misuse among adults with COPD.
DONALD TRUMP AND HIS SPEECH: A STUDY OF DIFFERENT USAGES OF DEIXIS
Authors: Spencer Wildhan Randy , Jayantini I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa , Suastini Ni Wayan 
Published: January 2022

The present research focuses on different usages of deixis by Donald Trump in his speech on 1 June 2020 at Rose Garden, White House. The aim of this research is to analyze the use of deixis in Donald Trumpâ€™s speech. The descriptive qualitative method was used in analyzing the data found in this research. The collected data were analysed by observing how the deixis was used in sentences. In analyzing the data, Levinsonâ€™s (1983) theory about different usages of deixis was applied. Based on Levinson's theory of deixis usages, deixis can be used through a gestural, symbolic, and non-deictic way. This research found three ways of deixis usages in Donald Trumpâ€™s speech, namely gestural, symbolic, and non-deictic use. Symbolic way of deixis usage was the most frequent occurrence, that is 82 times. This finding was followed by the non-deictic usage which occurred 6 times, and gestural usage that occurred 3 times. By investigating the usage of deixis, this study is expected to give an understanding that in delivering a speech, deixis can be used in different ways to support the content meant to be shared by the speaker as well as to make effective message delivery.
Competencias para las mediciones en los procesos de envase y cierre. Caso Empresas y Universidades de Ecuador / Competências para medições nos processos de embalagem e fechamento. Caso de Empresas e Universidades do Equador
Authors: Toro Jury Alfredo Ramírez , Villavicencio Marco Vinicio Navarrete , Velásquez Lenin Espartaco Giler , Zambrano Rita Delfina Caicedo , Caicedo Marcos Rodrigo Ibarra 
Published: January 2022

La investigacion establecio como objetivo: proponer un plan de competencias de mediciones en las Universidades para el fortalecimiento de los procesos de envase y cierre en las empresas de Ecuador. La problemática surgió por la falta de habilidades y destrezas de los ingenieros que llevan a cabo los procesos de envase y cierre en los ámbitos de alimentos y bebidas, al momento de manejar instrumentos de medición tales como el profundimetro y el reloj comparador cuando ejecuta labores con las maquinarias correlacionadas. El diagnostico hecho mediante entrevistas a 8 egresados, mostró, que hay un número significativo de ingenieros de planta que generan pérdidas de producción y tiempo por el desconocimiento de los procesos provocando pérdidas económicas. La investigación fue de carácter cualitativo bajo el enfoque de proyecto factible apoyada en una investigación documental, de campo a nivel descriptivo, con un diseño no experimental transeccional. La población estuvo compuesta por 8 egresados en la carrera ingeniería mecánica, tomando en consideración 4 empresas donde laboran y 4 universidades donde egresaron. El estudio arrojó que las empresas tienen problemas de productividad en los procesos de envase y cierre y entre las causas figura que las Universidades no tienen en sus programas un nivel de contenidos adecuados a estos procesos y en los manejos de los instrumentos de medición referidos a profundimetros y reloj comparador. Se elaboró una matriz FODA donde se establecieron las estrategias derivadas de sus dimensiones para configurar el plan, tomando en cuenta a los egresados y la universidad, siendo una de ellas la necesidad de articular empresa, egresado y academia en las actualizaciones curriculares y en el desarrollo conjunto de actividades formativas de naturaleza virtual.