bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How green are our laws? Presenting a normative coherence for sustainable development methodology
Authors: Koff Harlan , Challenger Antony , Ros Cuellar Julia , Aguilar Orea Rafael , Lara López Maria del Socorro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolicy coherence for sustainable development (PCSD) has become a pillar of supranational sustainable development agendas, promoting “whole of government approaches.” The concept of normative coherence for sustainable development (NCSD) has emerged as a new stage of policy coherence for sustainable development analysis. NCSD is a policy approach that aims to promote transformative development by examining the relationship between policies and key sustainability norms, such as those expressed in the sustainable development goals. Normative coherence for sustainable development is recognized in recent scholarship but it remains generalized, lacking operationalization. This article proposes an NCSD methodology for analysis of legal frameworks. Qualitative empirical research tested this approach in Mexico by focusing on federal laws as well as those in two states: Aguascalientes and Veracruz. The analysis which examined four dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social, security, and environmental) showed that the environmental dimension of Mexico's legal framework is the least prioritized, suggesting that this framework is not very “green” even though environmental laws are the most transversal in content, which indicate significant levels of mainstreaming. Sustainable development experts were then contacted by the research team to validate the findings and interpret the results. This normative coherence for sustainable development methodology aims to situate normative considerations at the center of evaluation in order to promote domestic transformative sustainable development strategies and the “greening” of legal frameworks.
Reconfigurable intelligent surface assisted downlink INOMA system
Authors: Kumar M. Hemanta , Sharma Sanjeev , Thottappan M. , Deka Kuntal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) methods are explored to enhance spectral and energy efficiency of a wireless network. In this article, we have proposed a downlink RIS‐assisted index modulation NOMA for next‐generation wireless systems, and it is referred to as R‐INOMA. In the proposed R‐INOMA system, a base station transmits information through RIS to three users, the first user is assigned in the spatial domain and the remaining two users are multiplexed using power domain NOMA. We provide an analytical analysis of bit error probability (BEP) for the proposed R‐INOMA system. Impact of number of surfaces, transmit antennas, modulation order, diversity order, and imperfect channel estimation is analyzed for the R‐INOMA. Simulation results show that the proposed R‐INOMA achieved better BEP and sum‐rate over existing NOMA techniques. In the R‐INOMA, doubling of the reflecting surfaces provides a 4 dB gain for a fixed error probability, and the sum‐rate improves as the number of transmitting antennas and reflecting surfaces increases.
Influence of cycle repetition on stack voltage degradation during fuel cell stress tests
Authors: Yeetsorn R. , Petrone R. , Hissel D. , Harel F. , Breaz E. , Gao F. , Pera M.C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA voltage decrease in the long‐term operation of hydrogen fuel cell (FC) electric cars under steady settings under constant load and dynamic operating conditions is a performance constraint of concern. Although accelerated stress test (AST) procedures have been sought to diagnose degradation, the AST results of FC stacks have not been reported extensively. The purpose of this article is to discuss the generation of AST of FC stacks based on real load profiles and the consequences of load changes and start‐stop circumstances, which are mostly generated by common driven cycles in urban regions with high driving speeds and traffic jams. The highlight of this study is to analyze the effects of cycle repetition on the aging FC stack, especially the voltage degradation factor, degradation kinetics, and energy consumption. The relation between actual system temperatures in side cells assembled in the FC stacks and material degradation was also analyzed. The results presented high heat accumulation, related to chemical degradation, that occurred during load cycling and may result in membrane thinning and pinholes in the membrane. Temperature cycling corresponded to mechanical degradation generated during the start‐stop cycling test, which may lead to membrane degradations—cracking, tearing, and pinholes.
Prevalence and correlates of alexithymia in older persons with medically (un)explained physical symptoms
Authors: Bos Pauline , Oude Voshaar Richard C. , Hanssen Denise J. C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesMuch is unknown about the combination of Medically Unexplained Symptoms (MUS) and alexithymia in later life, but it may culminate in a high disease burden for older patients. In the present study we assess the prevalence of alexithymia in older patients with either MUS or Medically Explained Symptoms (MES) and we explore physical, psychological and social correlates of alexithymia.Methods and DesignA case control study was performed. We recruited older persons (>60 years) with MUS (N = 118) or MES (N = 154) from the general public, general practitioner clinics and hospitals. Alexithymia was measured by the 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, correlates were measured by various questionnaires.ResultsPrevalence and severity of alexithymia were higher among older persons with MUS compared to MES. Alexithymia prevalence in the MUS subgroup was 23.7%. We found no association between alexithymia and increasing age. Alexithymia was associated with depressive symptoms, especially in the MUS population.ConclusionsAlexithymia prevalence was lower than generally found in younger patients with somatoform disorder, but comparable to studies with similar diagnostic methods for MUS. Considering the high prevalence and presumed etiological impact of alexithymia in older patients with MUS, as well as its association with depression, this stresses the need to develop better understanding of the associations between alexithymia, MUS and depression in later life.
Numerical study of moving fin with thermal properties
Authors: Kumar Thavada Sravan , Dinesh Pobbathy Aswathanarayana , Ramakrishna Suresh Babu , Reddy Avula Sreevallabha 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the influence of numerical analysis involves the transfer of heat for moving fin under convection and radiation with fluid properties depending on internal heat generation is considered. The temperature field for the fin is derived based on the defined geometry. This is transformed into a linear model as per the boundary conditions. The dimensionless analysis is performed, and the equations obtained are solved by Runge–Kutta Fehlberg fourth‐order method coupled with the shooting method. The effects of the relative parameters are studied and depicted graphically. Finally, the computational observation indicates that there is an enhancement of temperature variation under the influence of thermal conductivity gradient, heat generation, and opposite behavior results. In understanding the thermal characteristics of various effects, it was seen that thermo geometric film, radiation conduction, and Peclet number were very useful for many industrial applications. To validate the numerical scheme, a comparative study has been done with an earlier result on a few nondimensional parameters and was found in good agreement.
OVASO: Integrated binary CNN models to classify COVID‐19, pneumonia and healthy lung in X‐ray images
Authors: Jeong Hyunsu , Kim Hyunwook , Yoon Jiwon , Go Kyungsup , Gwak Jeonghwan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeveral radiologists have paid attention to computer‐aided detection (CAD) systems which assist in classifying diseases on chest x‐ray (CXR). Recently, with the outbreak of COVID‐19, CAD based on deep learning has an important role in screening COVID‐19 on CXR. However, imbalanced training datasets such as COVID‐19 datasets, COVID‐19 (473), pneumonia (5458), and normal (7966) cause difficulty in classification. In this paper, we suggest a new evaluation approach, OVASO, that selectively combines one‐versus‐all (OVA) classifier and one‐versus‐one (OVO) to overcome class imbalance caused by the lower number of COVID‐19 training datasets. In addition, as part of efforts to properly apply transfer learning, we initialized batch normalization (BN) values including γ and β from the viewpoint of transfer learning and found that appropriate initialization at all binary models, OVASO's components, usually increased the binary models' performance. As a result, the proposed OVASO model achieved improved accuracy and F1‐score of 95.33% and 95.88%, respectively. Furthermore, the suggested OVASO performed similarly to COVID‐Net, which is the current state‐of‐the‐art model for classifying COVID‐19 on CXR.
Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway is involved in early dopaminergic differentiation of trabecular meshwork‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Sahebdel Faezeh , Parvaneh Tafreshi Azita , Arefian Ehsan , Roussa Eleni , Nadri Samad , Zeynali Bahman 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPermanent degeneration and loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra is the main cause of Parkinson's disease. Considering the therapeutic application of stem cells in neurodegeneration, we sought to examine the neurogenic differentiation potential of the newly introduced neural crest originated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), namely, trabecular meshwork‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (TM‐MSCs) compared to two other sources of MSCs, adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs). The three types of cells were therefore cultured in the presence and absence of a neural induction medium followed by the analysis of their differentiation potentials. Our results showed that TM‐MSCs exhibited enhanced neural morphologies as well as higher expressions of MAP2 as the general neuron marker and Nurr‐1 as an early DA marker compared to the adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD‐MSCs) and bone marrow‐derived stem cells (BMSCs). Also, analysis of Nurr‐1 immunostaining showed more intense Nurr‐1 stained nuclei in the neurally induced TM‐MSCs compared to those in the AD‐MSCs, BMSCs, and noninduced control TM‐MSCs. To examine if Wnt/beta‐catenin pathway drives TM‐MSCs towards a DA fate, we treated them with the Wnt agonist (CHIR, 3 μM) and the Wnt antagonist (IWP‐2, 3 μM). Our results showed that the expressions of Nurr‐1 and MAP2, as well as the Wnt/beta‐catenin target genes, c‐Myc and Cyclin D1, were significantly increased in the CHIR‐treated TM‐MSCs, but significantly reduced in those treated with IWP‐2. Altogether, we declare first a higher neural potency of TM‐MSCs compared to the more commonly used MSCs, BMSCs and ADSCs, and second that Wnt/beta‐catenin activation directs the neurally induced TM‐MSCs towards a DA fate.
Antimicrobial‐resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be targeted using inhibitors against evolutionary conservedl‐asparaginase
Authors: Vashishtha Shubham , Singh Jasdeep , Kundu Bishwajit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe emergence of multiple drug‐resistant “super gonorrhoea” complicates the management and treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections due to the progressive accumulation of mutations in the biological targets of frontline antimicrobials. Continuous evaluation and reporting of newer molecular targets and their inhibitors are necessary. Here, we present l‐asparaginase of N. gonorrhoeae (NgA) as a new molecular target based on structure‐based high‐throughput screening, molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, and validation by biophysical, biochemical, and cell viability assays. We observed that the NgA is evolutionarily conserved in both the drug‐resistant and susceptible strains of N. gonorrhoeae, indicating its importance in the growth and survival of the pathogen. Three Food and Drug Administration‐approved drugs, pemirolast, thalidomide, and decitabine, were identified as potential inhibitors of NgA using high‐throughput screening. The binding energies of the drugs with NgA were −20.14, −19.67, and −16.47 kcal/mol, respectively, compared to −6.82 ± 1.46 for enzyme–substrate
l‐Asn, as obtained through MD simulations. Subsequently, fluorescence quenching and differential scanning calorimetry experiments validated the in silico data. The observance of inhibition of NgA activity at micromolar drug concentrations further strengthened our findings. Conclusive evidence came from the cell viability assays where these drugs were found to impede the growth of N. gonorrhoeae culture effectively. Thus, our study establishes l‐asparaginase as a new molecular target against gonococcal infections. From this study, we propose that targeting of NgA can be explored to control N. gonorrhoeae infections in combination therapy.
Specific ablation of Hippo signalling component Yap1 in retinal progenitors and Müller cells results in late onset retinal degeneration
Authors: Yang Yeming , Jiang Xiaoyan , Li Xiao , Sun Kuanxiang , Zhu Xianjun , Zhou Bo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractYes‐associated protein (YAP) is a major component of the Hippo pathway involved in development, growth, repair and homeostasis. Nonsense YAP1 mutations in humans result in autosomal dominant coloboma. Here, we generated a conditional knockout mouse model in which Yap1 was specifically deleted in embryonic retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and in mature Müller cells using a Chx10‐Cre driver. Our data demonstrated that the conditional ablation of Yap1 in embryonic RPCs does not prevent normal retinal development and caused no gross changes in retinal structure during embryonic and early postnatal life. Nevertheless, Yap1 deficient in retinal Müller cells in adult mice leads to impaired visual responses and extensive late‐onset retinal degeneration, characterized by reduced cell number in all retinal layers. Immunofluorescence data further revealed the degeneration and death of rod and cone photoreceptors, bipolar cells, horizontal cells, amacrine cells and ganglion cells to varying degrees in aged knockout mice. Moreover, alteration of glial homeostasis and reactive gliosis were also observed. Finally, cell proliferation and TUNEL assay revealed that the broad retinal degeneration is mainly caused by enhanced apoptosis in late period. Together, this work uncovers that YAP is essential for the normal vision and retinal maintenance, highlighting the crucial role of YAP in retinal function and homeostasis.
Novel mounting of biological tissue samples for 3D model reconstruction using tandem scanning electron microscopy and photogrammetry software
Authors: Peguero Ricardo L. , Bimbo‐Szuhai Andras , Massaro Ian T. , Roach Kevin D. , Corbo Christopher P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiological 3D models have a multitude of applications in both research and academic settings, however the generation of such models at an ultrastructural scale has remained a daunting task. Here our group presents a method by which ultrastructural 3D models can be generated using tandem scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photogrammetry. Our methods include a novel technique for mounting specimens for SEM which allowed our group to capture images from all angles around the specimen. Our results demonstrate that using our technique is adequate for the construction of an interactive, ultrastructural 3D model that can be viewed from all orientations. We ultimately see use for these models in educational settings and research when the 3D analysis of ultrastructural anatomy is necessary.HighlightsScanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used in tandem with photogrammetry to generate an ultrastructural three‐dimensional model of a whole zebrafish brain. A novel mounting technique for samples in SEM was used to view the sample from all angles. This technique can be applied to a wide range of samples for 3D model generation for use in several settings, including research and academia.
Clinical guideline highlights for the hospitalist: Prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients with cancer
Authors: Hua Duong Tommy 
Published: May 2022

GUIDELINE TITLE: American Society of Hematology 2021 Guidelines for Management of Venous Thromboembolism: Prevention and Treatment in Patients with CancerRELEASE DATE: February 23, 2021PRIOR VERSION(S): n/aDEVELOPER: American Society of HematologyFUNDING SOURCE: American Society of HematologyTARGET POPULATION: Adult patients with cancer
Novel mRNA therapy restores GALT protein and enzyme activity in a zebrafish model of classic galactosemia
Authors: Delnoy Britt , Haskovic Minela , Vanoevelen Jo , Steinbusch Laura K. M. , Vos Esther Naomi , Knoops Kèvin , Zimmermann Luc J. I. , Noga Marek , Lefeber Dirk J. , Martini Paolo G. V. , Coelho Ana I. , Rubio‐Gozalbo Maria Estela 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for inborn errors of metabolism. Classic galactosemia (CG) is an inborn error of galactose metabolism caused by a severe deficiency of galactose‐1‐phosphate:uridylyltransferase (GALT) activity leading to neonatal illness and chronic impairments affecting the brain and female gonads. In this proof of concept study, we used our zebrafish model for CG to evaluate the potential of human GALT mRNA (hGALT mRNA) packaged in two different lipid nanoparticles to restore GALT expression and activity at early stages of development. Both one cell‐stage and intravenous single‐dose injections resulted in hGALT protein expression and enzyme activity in the CG zebrafish (galt knockout) at 5 days post fertilization (dpf). Moreover, the levels of galactose‐1‐phosphate (Gal‐1‐P) and galactonate, metabolites that accumulate because of the deficiency, showed a decreasing trend. LNP‐packaged mRNA was effectively translated and processed in the CG zebrafish without signs of toxicity. This study shows that mRNA therapy restores GALT protein and enzyme activity in the CG zebrafish model, and that the zebrafish is a suitable system to test this approach. Further studies are warranted to assess whether repeated injections safely mitigate the chronic impairments of this disease.
Identification of QTLs for zinc deficiency tolerance in a recombinant inbred population of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Loitongbam Bapsila , Singh Pawan Kumar , Sah Rameswar Prasad , Verma Om Prakash , Singh Balwant , Bisen Prashant , Kulhari Sandhya , Rathi Sanket R , Upadhyay Sameer , Singh Nagendra Kumar , Sahu Rabin , Singh Rakesh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeficiency of Zn is a major soil constraint in rice plant growth and yield. Edaphic factors such as Zn deficiency in soil in relation to plant performance are still poorly understood. Here, we report promising quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring tolerance to Zn deficiency, which were identified through biparental mapping. The experiment was conducted using the 236 F7 recombinant inbred line mapping population derived from the cross of Kinandang Patong (Zn deficiency sensitive) and A69‐1 (Zn deficiency tolerant).RESULTSA total of six QTLs (qLB‐2B, qLB‐4B, qPM‐4B, qPM‐6B, qRZC‐4B, qSZC‐4B) on chromosomes 2, 4 and 6 were identified for environment 1, whereas five QTLs (qLB‐2 N, qLB‐4 N, qPM‐4 N, qRZC‐4 N, qSZC‐4 N) on chromosomes 2 and 4 were detected for environment 2. Among these, five major (51.30, 48.70, 28.60, 56.00, 52.00 > 10 R2) and one minor (5.40 < 10 R2) QTLs for environment 1 and four major (51.48, 50.20, 53.00, 48.00 > 10 R2) and one minor (4.44 < 10) QTLs for environment 2 for Zn deficiency tolerance with a logarithm of odd threshold value higher than 3 were identified. The QTLs (qLB‐4B, qPM‐4B, qRZC‐4B, qSZC‐4B, qLB‐4 N, qPM‐4 N, qRZC‐4 N, qSZC‐4 N) for leaf bronzing, plant mortality root zinc concentration and shoot zinc concentration identified on chromosome 4 were found to be the most promising and highly reproducible across the locations that explained phenotypic variation from 48.00% to 56.00% with the same marker interval RM6748–RM303.CONCLUSIONThe new QTLs and its linked markers identified in the present study can be utilized for Zn deficiency tolerance in elite cultivars using marker‐assisted backcrossing. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Quinoa protein extract: an effective alternative for the fining of wine phenolics
Authors: Pino‐Ramos Liudis L , Peña‐Martínez Paula A , Laurie V. Felipe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDLately, there has been an increasing interest in using plant‐derived proteins for wine phenolic fining. Proteins extracted from cereals, potatoes, and legumes have been proposed as effective fining agents, but only those from pea, wheat, and potatoes have been approved for their use in wine. This work aimed at determining the fining ability of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) protein extracts (QP), compared to commercial fining agents, on red wines.RESULTSThe trials compared the performance of QP (30 and 50 g/hL), two potato protein extracts and gelatin, at two different contact times (48 and 96 h), using Petit Verdot, Malbec, and Cabernet Sauvignon wines. Turbidity, total phenolics, precipitable tannins, catechins, and color characteristics were determined. QP reduced the turbidity of all wines in a similar way to commercial fining agents. Both doses of QP significantly reduced tannins and other phenolic measures, including color intensity reductions, in a similar way to commercial fining agents.CONCLUSIONQP behaved as an effective fining agent that deserves further studies in order to improve its performance and advance its characterization. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Three‐Dimensional Ultrasound Evaluation of Pelvic Floor Muscle Contraction in Women Affected by Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis: Application of a Quick Contraction Scale
Authors: Arena Alessandro , Degli Esposti Eugenia , Cocchi Laura , Orsini Benedetta , Lenzi Jacopo , Del Forno Simona , Raimondo Diego , Youssef Aly , Seracchioli Renato 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesUsing transperineal 3D/4D ultrasound, we evaluated the prevalence of the various categories of a 4‐point pelvic contraction scale among women affected by ovarian endometriosis (OE), deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), and healthy controls.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted on nulliparous women scheduled for surgery to remove endometriosis, and nulliparous healthy volunteers who did not show any clinical or sonographic signs of endometriosis, who served as controls. Patients were subjected to 3D/4D transperineal ultrasound obtaining measurements of the antero‐posterior diameter (APD), both at rest and during maximal pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction (PFMC). The difference of APD from rest to maximal PFMC was then calculated as percent change from baseline (ΔAPD) and patients were thus categorized using the 4‐point pelvic contraction scale.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐four patients were considered for the study. Mean difference in APD between relaxed state and maximal PFMC was 23.3 ± 7.9% (range 2.4–40.0) in controls, 20.5 ± 9.0% (range 0.0–37.3) in patients with OE, and 14.6 ± 10.4% (range 0.0–37.1) in patients with DIE (F‐test = 19.5, P‐value < .001). A significant negative correlation was found between the contraction scale and dyspareunia (rs = −0.17, P = .032), and it appeared to be stronger among patients with DIE (rs = −0.20, P = .076).ConclusionsPFM function in endometriotic patients could be assessed reliably through this 4‐point scale. The rapid identification of women suffering from PFM dysfunction, along with deep dyspareunia, could enable gynecologists to offer them additional therapies, such as PFM rehabilitation.