bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Papillary follicular variant thyroid cancer in a malignant struma ovarii: a report of a rare case
Authors: Elshafie Omayma , Hussein Samir , Al Kalbani Moza , Al Hamadani Aisha , Bou Khalil Abir , Woodhouse Nicholas 
Published: October 2022

Summary
A 33-year-old female presented in 2013 with left flank pain. Ultrasound and MRI pelvis showed a complex mass 9 × 7 cm arising from the left ovary suggestive of ovarian torsion. She underwent a laparoscopic cystectomy, but the patient was lost to follow-up. Three years later, she presented with abdominal distension. Ultrasound and CT scan revealed a solid left ovarian mass with ascites and multiple peritoneal metastasis. Investigations showed elevated CA 125, CA 19-9. Ovarian malignancy was suspected. She underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy on November 2016. The histopathology confirmed a well-differentiated thyroid cancer of ovarian origin with features of a papillary follicular variant without evidence of ovarian cancer and the thyroglobulin (Tg) level was elevated, more than 400 consistent with the diagnosis of malignant struma ovarii. The follow-up post-surgery showed normalization of CA 125, CA 19-9 and Tg. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy on January 2017. The histology was benign excluding thyroid cancer metastases to the ovary. She was started on thyroxine suppression, following which she received two ablation doses 131iodine (131I) each 5.3 GBq. The Tg remains slightly elevated at less than 10. 131I WBS showed no residual neck uptake and no distant avid metastasis. She was planned for molecular analysis which may indicate disease severity. We describe a case of malignant struma ovarii with widespread metastatic dissemination and a good response to surgery and 131I treatment without recurrence after 5 years of follow-up. The Tg remains slightly elevated indicating minimal stable residual disease.

Learning points

Malignant struma ovarii is a rare disease; diagnosis is difficult and management is not well defined.

Presentation may mimic advanced carcinoma of the ovary.

Predominant sites of metastasis are adjacent pelvic structures.

Thyroidectomy and 131iodine therapy should be considered. The management should be similar to that of metastatic thyroid cancer.
Policing for impact: Is South Africa ready for Evidence-Based Policing?
Authors: Newham Gareth , Rappert Brian 
Published: October 2022

The prospect that research can improve the impact of policing operations and internal organisational efficiencies has been a source of promise and frustration for decades. Â It may seem obvious to many that research should be able to assist with better policing strategies and tactics by providing evidence as to what does or does not work. Realizing this potential, however, it is not straightforward. The complexities of applying scientific research methods to what is often the messy business of policing often does not result in clear or consistent findings. This article reflects on Evidence-Based Policing (EBP) and its challenges in relation to the establishment of the South African Police Service’s (SAPS) first ever National Research Division.
Ncedo Ntsasa Mngqibisa and Guy Lamb
Authors: Moult Kelley 
Published: October 2022

As anyone with empirical fieldwork experience knows, even best laid data collection plans rarely go off without a hitch. There is often rich learning from these challenges, although we seldom reflect on them in the literature. This interview asks UCT’s Safety and Violence Initiative (SaVI) Director, Guy Lamb, and Study Coordinator Ncedo Ntsasa Mnquibisa about their experiences carrying out the Gugulethu component of a randomised household survey project that took place in Gugulethu and Manenberg in Cape Town in 2017. Young people between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, and one of their caregivers, were interviewed using a detailed (structured) questionnaire. This project was a partnership between SaVI, Amandla EduFootball and Dr Ian Edelstein (who was based at the Human Sciences Research Council), which focused on youth resilience, deviance and development. The project was funded by the Department of Cultural Affairs and Sport in the Western Cape Provincial Government.
ROKAT BHUJU’ VIS-À-VIS KOMPOLAN (Metamorfosis Elit Madura Pasca Keruntuhan Orde Baru)
Authors: Halik Fathol 
Published: October 2022

Abstrak: Tulisan ini berpijak pada asumsi bahwa perubahan sosial tidak selalu diiringi dengan perubahan pemimpin. Pada komunitas yang telah mapan, perubahan pemimpin bukan merupakan hal yang utama dalam relasi sosial, terutama dalam tradisi masyarakat pedesaan di Madura, seperti fenomena relasi sosial antar elit bhuju’ Juruan di Batuputih Sumenep. Yang menarik dalam tradisi bhuju’ Juruan adalah rokat bhuju’. Sebuah tradisi yang berkenaan dengan aktivitas seni, hiburan, dan sosial-“keagamaan” berupa pembacaan matera, kejungan, ataupun mamaca. Rokat bhuju’ dilakukan oleh masyarakat yang “kurang mengerti agama”, reng ledha’, reng gunung bhato kalettak, tandha’, bhajingan (blater), dan orang awam atau abangan. Tradisi ini dilakukan dengan pemujaan terhadap makam orang sakti dengan mengetengahkan sesaji, buah-buahan ataupun beras yang diletakkan di altar pemakaman sebagai bagian dari ritual sebagian masyarakat Madura. Realitas ini seakan paradoksal dengan masyarakat Madura yang taat beragama. Bagi masyarakat Madura rokat bhuju’ berbeda dengan kompolan. Suatu aktivitas keagamaan yang digelar dengan mengundang orang lain, tetangga, famili ataupun jemaah masjid untuk berdoa, seperti pembacaan tahlil, yasiin, barzanji, al-Qur’an, ataupun ceramah agama. Kompolan bukan ansich spiritual, ada pula kebutuhan psikologis, jaringan sosiologis antar manusia, kebutuhan sosialisasi, aktualisasi dan kebersamaan melalui tradisi keagamaan. Motif sosial dan keagamaan menjadi bagian penting dari tradisi kompolan. Tradisi kompolan juga memunculkan tokoh lokal dan pengikut (follower) dari kalangan santri, keyae, orang haji (agamis). Sehingga media yang digunakan pun berbeda. Hadrah, dhiba’, samroh, Cinta Rasul, tongtong, qasidah digunakan dalam kompolan, sementara lodrok, tandha’, saronen, bhajang oreng, orkes, tayub identik dengan rokat bhuju’. Bagi kalangan agamawan (santri, kyai dan ulama’) rokat bhuju’ harus dirubah. Sebagian tokoh Madura menghendaki pergantian aktivitas-ritual dalam kegiatan tersebut, berupa “budaya tandingan”, budaya yang baru. Rokat bhuju’ yang dilaksanakan untuk memperingati peninggalan, tradisi, serta jasa tokoh/orang sakti yang telah meninggal hendak dirubah menjadi aktivitas keagamaan. Hal itu dimaksudkan supaya pengikut (followers) rokat bhuju’ insyaf, atau kembali kepada jalan Allah. Meskipun tidak terjadi pergantian pemimpin, namun dalam konteks ini telah terjadi proses metamorfosis, dimana tokoh tidak lagi berasal dari kalangan luar rokat bhuju’. Akan tetapi, berasal dari keturunan tokoh perintis rokat bhuju’ sendiri dengan lebih mengedepankan kegiatan keagamaan dan rokat berganti menjadi kompolan. Strategi ini merupakan hasil pendekatan pada tokoh melalui keturunan/anak-anak yang bersekolah di pesantren di Madura. Kata kunci: rokat bhuju’, kompolan, keyae, metamorfosis
How far is too far? A systematic review of travel distance to delivery institutions and negative maternal and natal outcomes
Authors: Ames Heather Melanie , Forsetlund Louise , Larun Lillebeth , Hval Gyri , Muller Ashley 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background Pregnant people can experience living far away from delivery institutions as unsafe for themselves and their foetus or new-born. This systematic review examined distance to delivery institution and risks of serious complications for the pregnant person or the foetus or new-born. Methods We searched seven databases for studies from high-income countries comparing two different travel times and published from 2010 to 2020. We used a combination of manual and machine learning-assisted processes to screen 7776 references, and independently assessed 33 in full texts. We included five studies from which we extracted data, appraised risk of bias using a tool modified to be relevant to studies of exposure, performed a meta-analysis if possible or summarised the outcomes narratively, and judged our confidence in the findings using GRADE. Results Traveling more than one hour to a delivery centre may increase the risk of eclampsia/Hemolysis, Elevated Live enzymes and Low Platelets (HELLP) Syndrome to a small degree (adjusted RR 1.30; 95% CI 1.05–1.70, low confidence) and induction of labour for logistic reasons (OR 5,04; 95% CI 3.62–7.00, low confidence), and likely increases the odds of unplanned delivery outside a delivery centre (OR 6.37; 95% CI 5.95 to 6.81, moderate confidence). It is uncertain whether this travel distance compared to a distance less than 60 minutes is related to any changes in the risks of the remaining negative outcomes early delivery with pre-eclampsia, perinatal mortality, premature birth before 37 weeks, low or very low birth weight, or admissions to a neonatal intensive care unit, for which we have very low confidence. Conclusions For most of the complications we examined in this review, it is uncertain if a travel time of over one hour increases risks, compared to a travel time of less than one hour. Future research must use core outcome measurements and comparable designs to enable pooling results, and if possible, measure actual distance to delivery rather than using home address as a proxy. Our confidence in the evidence is too uncertain to provide an information base for policymakers to change centralization policies.
Empirical and Statistical Complexity Analysis of AES-128
Authors: Pranav Prashant , Dutta Sandip , Chakraborty Soubhik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Analysis of algorithms is an interesting topic in the theoretical computer science area of research. An algorithm analyzed with respect to its run time complexity gives an overall idea about the working of the algorithm in the practical scenario. Empirical complexity is a comparatively newer analysis approach which focuses on running the algorithm practically with varying and increasing input and then predicting the complexity of the algorithm. This is then followed by a statistical analysis of the empirical estimate to give a clearer bound on the empirical complexity. Cryptographic algorithms are the sole bearer of providing security for any application and hiding confidential information of national or personal importance. In today’s fast running world, besides security, the run time of the algorithm is also of utmost importance. Cryptographic algorithm constitutes of many complex mathematical functions. In this paper, we have analyzed the most sought after cryptographic algorithm AES-128 in terms of its computational complexity and then practically drawn an asymptotical bound through the empirical complexity approach. Then, a regression analysis on the concluded bound is done to formally settle on the empirical complexity of AES-128.
Herpes simplex type 1 UL43 multiple membrane-spanning protein increases energy metabolism in of host cells through interacting with ARL2
Authors: Deng Jianshan , Zhong Zhiying , Geng Chengxu , Dai Zhenning , Zheng Weihan , Li Ziyue , Yan Zi , Yang Jiaxin , Deng Wenfeng , Tan Wei , Sun Hanxiao , Li Shiyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Non-essential proteins for viral replication affect host cell metabolism, while the function of the UL43 protein of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is not clear. Herein, we performed a comprehensive microarray analysis of HUVEC cells infected with HSV-1 and its UL43-deficient mutant and found significant variation in genes associated with cellular energy metabolic pathways. The localization of UL43 protein in host cells and how it affects cellular energy metabolism pathways were further investigated. Internalization analysis showed that UL43 protein could be endocytosis mediated by YPLF motif (aa144–147) and localized to mitochondria. At the same time, more ATP was produced by coupling with mitochondrial small G protein ARF-like 2 (ARL2) GTPase, which triggered the phosphorylation of ANT1 (SLC25A4) to affect the opening degree of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and significantly promoted the aerobic oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation of glucose. Our study shows that UL43 mediates the improvement of host cell metabolism after HSV-1 infection. Also, UL43 protein could be a valuable ATP stimulating factor for mammalian cells.
Surgical management of pyogenic liver abscess: A retrospective cross-sectional multi-center study
Authors: Li Yongxia , Gao Qin , Shi Yujun , Jiang Jiamei , Zhu Xiaoguang , Wang Hairong , Feng Qiming 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)is a potentially life-threatening disease associated with elevated risk of morbidity and mortality. Ultrasound or CT-guided percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) and needle aspiration (PNA) are important surgical methods for the treatment of PLA. While their comparative efficacy is still debated, the aim of the study was to compare PCD and PNA in the treatment of liver abscesses.
Methods
Taking a retrospective comparative approach, 172 patients with liver abscesses from Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Affiliated with Renji Hospital South Campus and Xinhua Hospital were studied between April 2015 and April 2021. These were modeled using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with a-priori covariates: age, sex, general health, clinical symptoms, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was collated from medical records.
Results
Liver abscess was more common in middle-aged men, occurring more frequently in the right hepatic lobe. Single abscess was common in both groups. The rate of blood culture that was positive for bacteria was higher in PCD-treated patients than those treated with PNA, with Klebsiella pneumonia the most common bacteria species identified in both groups. The side effect in PCD is worse than in PLA.
Conclusion
Patients with liver abscess use were more seriously ill, but their mortality or fever time did not significantly increase, suggesting that PLA is beneficial for severe patients for its safety.
Risk factors for cervical insufficiency in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome：a cohort study
Authors: Zhao Xueqing , Ye Shenglong , Yan Xin , Li Rong , Wang Yongqing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the risk factors for cervical insufficiency (CI) in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Methods: A total of 1553 women with PCOS were selected as study group. Additionally, 1553 women without PCOS were randomly selected to comprise the control group. ①The level of androstenedione, insulin resistance (IR) and antimullerian hormone (AMH) before pregnancy were collected and analysed. ② According to whether they accepted embryo transfer and different transfer cycles, whether they accepted hysteroscopy before pregnancy and the time period before pregnancy, the impact of clinical intervention measures on the occurrence of CI in the above PCOS cases was analysed.
Main results: ①The incidence of CI in PCOS cases was 6.2%(97/1553), which was significantly higher than the 1.2%(19/1553) in the non-PCOS group (P<0.05). PCOS was a risk factor for CI (OR=4.467, 95%CI: 2.616~7.628). ②The level of androstenedione before pregnancy in PCOS cases with CI was significantly higher than that in PCOS cases without CI (15.98±7.95nmol/L vs. 13.32±6.67nmol/L, P=0.01). There was no significant difference in IR and AMH levels between the two groups. ③Embryo transfer was a risk factor for the occurrence of CI in PCOS cases (OR=3.415, 95%CI: 2.092~5.574). In embryo transfer cases, the incidence of CI in fresh cycle embryo transfer cases was 9.4%(30/382), which was higher than the 7.9%(15/159) in frozen embryo transfer cases, without statistically significant. In frozen cycle embryo transfer cases, the incidence of CI in natural cycle cases was 8.0%(2/25), which was higher than the 6.3%(11/166) in artificial cycle cases, with no statistically significant. ④The incidence of CI in women who underwent hysteroscopy within six months before pregnancy was 17.2%(5/29), which was significantly higher than the 6.0%(92/1524) in women who underwent hysteroscopy beyond six months before pregnancy or who did not undergo hysteroscopy (P=0.031).
Conclusion: ① PCOS women receiving embryo transfer and hyperandrogenemia should be included in the population at high risk of CI after pregnancy, and the monitoring of cervical length should be strengthened during pregnancy. ② Frozen cycle embryo transfer and artificial cycle embryo transfer in frozen cycle embryo transfer might reduce the incidence of CI.
Deciphering the pharmacological mechanisms of Fraxini Cortex on ulcerative colitis treatment based on Network pharmacology and in vivo studies
Authors: Wang Tianming , Su Xuyang , Peng Jing , Tan Xiaofen , Yang Guangshan , Zhang Tengyue , Chen Feng , Wang Changzhong , Ma Kelong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common type of inflammatory bowel disease. Due to the elusive pathogenesis, safe and effective treatment strategies are still lacking.Fraxini Cortex(FC) has been widely used as a medicinal herb to treat various diseases. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of FC for UC treatment are still unclear. Methods An integrated platform combining network pharmacology and experimental studies was introduced to decipher the mechanism of FC against UC. The active compounds, therapeutic targets, and the molecular mechanism of action were acquired by network pharmacology, and the interaction between the compounds and target proteins were verified by molecular docking. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model was employed to assess the therapeutic effect of FC on UC, and validate the molecuar mechanisms of action predicted by network pharmacology. Results A total of 20 bioactive compounds were retrieved, and 115 targets were predicted by using the online databases. Ursolic acid, fraxetin, beta-sitosterol, and esculetin were identified as the main active compounds of FC against UC. PPI network analysis achieved 28 FC-UC hub genes which were mainly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and Pathways in cancer. Molecular docking confirmed that the active compounds had high binding affinities to the predictive target proteins. GEO dataset analysis showed that these target genes were highly expressed in the UC clinical samples compared with that in the healthy controls. Experimental studies shown that FC alleviated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, reduced inflammatory cytokines release, and suppressed the expression levels of IL1β, COX2, MMP3, IL-17 and RORγt in colon tissues. Conclusion FC exhibits anti-UC properties through regulating multi-targets and multi-pathways with multi-components.In vivoresults demonstrated that FC alleviated DSS-induced colitis.
Sex differences in dementia with Lewy bodies: an imaging study of neurotransmission pathways
Authors: Boccalini Cecilia , Nicastro Nicolas , Peretti Debora Elisa , Caminiti Silvia Paola , Perani Daniela , Garibotto Valentina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is characterized by a wide clinical and biological heterogeneity, with sex differences reported in both clinical and pathologically confirmed DLB cohorts. No research evidence is available on sex differences regarding molecular neurotransmission. This study aimed to assess whether sex can influenceneurotransmitter systems in patients with probable DLB (pDLB).
Methods: We included 123 pDLB patients (male/female: 77/46) and 78 control subjects (male/female: 34/44) for comparison, who underwent 123I-FP-CIT-SPECT imaging. We assessed sex differences in the dopaminergic activity of the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic systems using regional-based and voxel-wise analyses of 123I-FP-CIT binding. We tested whether sex-specific binding alterations would also pertain to the serotoninergic and noradrenergic systems by applying spatial correlation analyses. We applied molecular connectivity analyses to assess potential sex differences in the dopaminergic pathways.
Results: We found comparable 123I-FP-CIT binding decreases in the striatum for pDLB males and females compared to controls. However, females showed more severe alterations in the extrastriatal projections of the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopaminergic systems. According to the spatial correlation analysis, sex-specific molecular alterations were also associated with serotonergic and noradrenergic systems. Nigrostriatal and mesolimbicsystems’ connectivity was impaired in both groups, with males showing local alterations and females presenting long-distance disconnections between subcortical and cortical regions.
Conclusions: pDLB females showed different patterns of monoaminergic depletion and dopaminergic systems’ connectivity compared to males, mostly involving extrastriatal regions. The results indicate distinct sex-related regional vulnerabilities possibly due to the high prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease co-pathology, as reported in pDLB females.
Morphological and Biochemical Modification of Guava Processing Industrial Bio-mass by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Atmospheric Plasma Treatment and Effect on Yield of Bio-materials
Authors: U Gnana Moorthy Eswaran , SRIVAS PREM PRAKASH 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The potential effect of dielectric barrier discharge atmospheric (DBDA) plasma pre-treatment of the guava pomace powder on the evolution of physicochemical, structural and functional properties have been investigated. By single-factor experiments using response surface methodology (RSM), the Box–Behnken experimental results showed that optimum extraction conditions as follows: DBDA plasma treatment condition as 35 kV for 15 min and solvent extraction conditions was determined as 80°C for 360 min caused an increment of the oil yield up to 16.54% when extracted using solvent extractor with ethanol as a solvent. These results indicate that the DBDA plasma treatment previous to the extraction step in the edible oil extraction process can contribute to reduce the duration, increase the oil yield and improves the nutritional quality of the oil. This research helps to develop a novel and economical method for improving the extraction efficiency of oil and to fully valorize the guava fruit processing industrial waste into biomaterial.