bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Del urbanismo neoliberal a los elefantes blancos: análisis de un macroproyecto de renovación urbana en Colombia
Authors: Correa Gomez Katerine , Hernández Pulgarín José Gregorio 
Published: July 2022

La presente investigación tiene como propósito presentar algunas de las condiciones que hicieron del Macroproyecto de Interés Social para el Centro Occidente de Colombia – San José una operación fallida de urbanismo o un elefante blanco. En primer lugar, se establece la posibilidad de una disonancia normativa a nivel nacional en lo que concierne a la autonomía en la planificación de cada ciudad. Posteriormente, se evidencia poco involucramiento de otros actores que pudieron hacer parte estratégica del Macroproyecto San José y de la eficaz renovación de este sector. Finalmente, se identifica que Manizales no posee un proyecto de ciudad unificado y claro que permita ajustar cualquier operación de renovación urbana a un modelo de ciudad. Esta ponencia aborda simultáneamente una perspectiva de análisis desde el urbanismo, y un enfoque orientado hacia las consecuencias sociales de un ejercicio de planificación urbana, así como algunas dimensiones simbólicas de éste.
The purpose of this research is to present some of the conditions that made the Macro-project of Social Interest for the Western Center of Colombia - San José a failed urban planning operation or a white elephant. In the first place, the possibility of a normative dissonance at the national level is established as regards autonomy in the planning of each city. Subsequently, there is little evidence of involvement of other actors who could be a strategic part of the San José Macro-project and the effective renewal of this sector. Finally, it is identified that Manizales does not have a unified and clear city project that allows adjusting any urban renewal operation to a city model. This paper simultaneously addresses an analytical perspective from urban planning, and an approach oriented towards the social consequences of an urban planning exercise, as well as some symbolic dimensions of it.
La mejora ponderada de la accesibilidad como recurso: ante la acumulación de parcelaciones de vivienda aislada en la Región Metropolitana de Barcelona
Authors: Florit Femenias Joan , Martín Ramos Ángel , Rincón Riquelme Ignasi 
Published: July 2022

En la corona metropolitana de Barcelona, durante las décadas de desarrollo urbano más activo, han proliferado las parcelaciones residenciales de casas aisladas al margen de la planificación reglada. Vinieron a ocupar áreas extensas de suelo en lugares de geografía desfavorable, conectadas de manera precaria a las distintas ciudades menores de la región metropolitana. Con todas sus deficiencias y dificultades, estas áreas se reiteraron hasta alcanzar a ser hoy una parte nada desdeñable de la metrópolis. No cabe duda de que la complejidad de la situación no se presta a soluciones fáciles o comunes, sino que se necesitarán métodos variados y suma de acciones de escala distinta. En esa línea, se plantea aquí uno de los medios de intervención que puede resultar eficaz: La mejora ponderada de la accesibilidad como recurso, con distintos tipos de soluciones adaptadas a las particularidades de cada caso.
During the second half of the 20th century, in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, single-family housing plots proliferated. Without being officially planned, such developments came to take up large portions of land in geographically unfavourable places, only poorly connected to minor towns in the metropolitan area. Despite their inefficiencies and difficulties, these areas expanded all around the suburbs and have now become a substantial part of the metropolis. There is no doubt that the complexity of the situation cannot be tackled with easy answers or common solutions. On the contrary, it seems that various methods and actions at different scales must be applied. Along these lines, we put forward a method that could prove to be effective: a balanced improvement in accessibility as a resource for these areas, with different types of solutions adapted to each particular case.
GÊNEROS DE TEXTOS, TIPOS DE DISCURSO E SEQUÊNCIAS. POR UMA RENOVAÇÃO DO ENSINO DA PRODUÇÃO ESCRITA
Authors: Bronckart Jean-Paul 
Published: July 2022

Este artigo é uma versão da conferência, proferida por Jean-Paul Bronckart na PUC-SP, tendo por objetivo discutir a questão do ensino da produção escrita, mostrando vários projetos de renovação propostos principalmente nos países de língua francesa, mas que influenciaram o ensino da língua e da produção escrita também em outros países. Bronckart explicita a posição do interacionismo sociodiscursivo em relação a esse tema, apresentando seu modelo da arquitetura textual e apontando pistas para a didática da produção escrita.
Les divinités dites abstraites chez les pères de l’Église, une méconnaissance volontaire du polythéisme ?
Authors: Scheid John 
Published: July 2022

Les pères de l’Église utilisent les assimilations philosophiques de listes de divinités romaines pour prouver que les Romains considéraient que derrière la pluralité des dieux existait en fait une divinité unique. Or ils n’évoquent pas du tout des procédures qui étaient encore vivantes dans le culte d’État du milieu du IIIe s. ap. J.-C. Ces listes divines étaient des dispositifs rituels pour souligner et renforcer l’action divine, et non un moyen pour représenter l’unicité du divin. C’était tout le contraire, et l’on peut se demander si cette méconnaissance est volontaire.
The Church fathers use philosophical assimilations in lists of Roman deities to prove that the Romans actually considered that behind the plurality of the gods existed a unique god. However, they do not mention at all the procedures that were still alive in the State cult of the mid-3rd century AD. These divine lists were ritual devices for emphasizing and strengthening divine action, not a means to represent the uniqueness of the divine. It was quite the opposite, and one wonders if this error is voluntary.
Using a Delphi method to estimate the relevance of indicators for the
assessment of shelter dog welfare
Authors: Berteselli GV , Messori S , Arena L , Smith L , Dalla Villa P , de Massis F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The European regulatory framework lacks standardisation as regards the
minimum requirements for shelter facilities, making defining welfare
standards for dogs challenging. Dog (Canis
familiaris) welfare assessments should consist of a
comprehensive set of measurements that allow the calculation of an overall
‘welfare score.’ The Shelter Quality protocol was developed for the purpose
of assessing shelter dog welfare. The study aims to establish a standardised
system for evaluating shelter dog welfare by obtaining agreement from
experts on the weighting of different measures contributing to an overall
welfare score. The Delphi technique is a widely used method for establishing
consensus among experts. Two Delphi procedures were implemented and we
compared their effectiveness in achieving expert consensus by evaluating
rounds’ numbers required to reach consensus and the response and attrition
rates. Expert consensus was achieved in Delphi 1 when the standard deviation
in the expert weightings was ≤ 5. This was achieved easily for the welfare
score weightings of the four principles: ‘Good feeding’, ‘Good housing’,
‘Good Health’, and ‘Appropriate behaviour.’ Animal-based measures were found
to reach consensus more quickly than resource-based measures. In Delphi 2,
we used the coefficient of variation to determine consensus. No statistical
differences were found between the two Delphi methods for attrition rate,
response rate or number of participants. Continuing rounds until a consensus
is reached is recommended as this method balances time and participant
fatigue. A standardised scoring system is provided, using a single overall
score of welfare that can be used to compare welfare standards between
shelters.
Exploring the potential for on-animal sensors to detect adverse welfare
events: A case study of detecting ewe behaviour prior to vaginal
prolapse
Authors: Fogarty ES , Cronin GM , Trotter M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Parturition is a critical period for the ewe and lamb, and the incidence
of dystocia has known impacts on lamb and ewe welfare and productivity.
Current methods of dystocia monitoring are mostly conducted through visual
observation. Novel approaches for monitoring have also been suggested,
including the application of on-animal sensor technologies for remote
surveillance of parturition success. This short communication explores how
the use of sensor-based parturition detection models can be applied for
detection of adverse and successful parturition events, respectively, in
pasture-based sheep (Ovis aries). Specifically,
the alert profile of a single ewe that experienced vaginal prolapse is
reported and compared with the alert profiles of 13 ewes that experienced
typical birth events. Although the ewe that experienced vaginal prolapse
exhibited some common precursor alerts similar to ewes that progressed
through a typical birth event, the overall alert profile was markedly
different for the prolapsed animal, with an increased number of alerts
occurring from five days prior to the prolapse event. As successful
parturition has significant welfare and productivity outcomes, application
and validation of these research findings in a commercial system could
greatly improve current methods of welfare monitoring at lambing.
Drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Oman: resistance-conferring mutations and lineage diversity
Authors: Al Mahrouqi Sara , Gadalla Amal , Al Azri Saleh , Al-Hamidhi Salama , Al-Jardani Amina , Balkhair Abdullah , Al-fahdi Amira , Al Balushi Laila , Al Zadjali Samiya , Al Marhoubi Asmahan Mohammed Nasser , Babiker Hamza A. 
Published: July 2022

Background
The Sultanate of Oman is country a low TB-incidence, with less than seven cases per 105 population detected in 2020. Recent years have witnessed a persistence in TB cases, with sustained incidence rate among expatriates and limited reduction among Omanis. This pattern suggests transmission from the migrant population. The present study examined the genetic profile and drug resistance-conferring mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis collected from Omanis and expatriates to recognise possible causes of disease transmission.

Methods
We examined M. tuberculosis cultured positive samples, collected from Omanis (n = 1,344) and expatriates (n = 1,203) between 2009 and 2018. These isolates had a known in vitro susceptibility profile to first line anti-TB, Streptomycin (SM), Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RIF), Ethambutol (EMB) and Pyrazinamide (PZA). The diversity of the isolates was assessed by spacer oligo-typing (spoligotyping). Drug resistance-conferring mutations resulted from full-length sequence of nine genes (katG, inhA, ahpc, rpoB, rpsL, rrs, embB, embC, pncA) and their phenotypic relationship were analysed.

Results
In total, 341/2192 (13.4%), M. tuberculosis strains showed resistance to any drug, comprising mono-resistance (MR) (242, 71%), poly-resistance (PR) (40, 11.7%) and multi-drug resistance (MDR) (59, 17.3%). The overall rate of resistance among Omanis and expatriates was similar; however, MDR and PZAR were significantly higher among Omanis, while INHR was greater among expatriates. Mutations rpsL K43R and rpoB S450L were linked to Streptomycin (SMR) and Rifampicin resistance (RIFR) respectively. Whereas, katG S315T and inhA –C15T/G–17T were associated with Isoniazid resistance (INHR). The resistance patterns (mono-resistant, poly-resistant and MDR) and drug resistance-conferring mutations were found in different spoligo-lineages. rpsL K43R, katG S315T and rpoB S450L mutations were significantly higher in Beijing strains.

Conclusions
Diverse drug resistant M. tuberculosis strains exist in Oman, with drug resistance-conferring mutations widespread in multiple spoligo-lineages, indicative of a large resistance reservoir. Beijing’s M. tuberculosis lineage was associated with MDR, and multiple drug resistance-conferring mutations, favouring the hypothesis of migration as a possible source of resistant lineages in Oman.
How the Banana Farmers are Efficient? An Evidence from the Tiruchirappalli District of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Duraiprasanth T. S. , Senthilnathan S. , Senthilkumar R. , Anandi S. , Harishankar K. 
Published: July 2022

Aims: The main aim of this study is to assess the resource use efficiency and technical efficiency of banana production and to determine factors that influence the technical efficiency of banana production in Tiruchirappalli district of Tamil Nadu.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out using the primary data from the sample banana farmers of Tiruchirappalli district from April 2022 – May 2022.
Methodology: The Cobb Douglas production function and Stochastic Frontier Analysis was used to find resource use efficiency and technical efficiency of banana production in the study area.
Results: The results shows that organic manure, chemical fertilizer, and micronutrient were significant resources. An increase in the usage of these resources will increase the yield, and the other resources which are not significant should be appropriately used to increase the yield. The mean technical efficiency of banana farmers in the Tiruchirappalli district is around seventy per cent, which shows that thirty per cent of farmers were not technically sound.
Conclusion: The finding of the study reveals that the good quality suckers and appropriate chemical fertilizers should be incorporated to increase production and productivity. Government should concentrate on extension activities by properly disseminating information to farmers, such as correct production technologies and the required quantities of inputs used, and create awareness about the availability of good quality suckers in the formal institutions.
Studies on Genetic Variability and Character Association in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
Authors: Patidar Ashutosh , Singh Devi 
Published: July 2022

Aim: To study the genetic variability and character association in fennel.
Study Design: Randomised Complete Block Design (RCBD).
Place and Duration of Study: Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj. Between November 2021 to April 2022.
Methodology: 10 genotypes of fennel were sown in three replications in RCB design. In each replication data were observed on five plants and averaged for all twelve characters under study.
Results: Analysis of variance showed the presence of significant variation among different genotypes for all characters studied. Number of primary branches per plant and seed yield per hectare exhibited moderate estimates of GCV and PCV and also High estimates of Heritability (Broad-sense). Positive and significant correlation was observed for number of umbels per plant, number of umbellets per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, seed yield per hectare and seed index with seed yield per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic level. Path Coefficient analysis revealed that days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per umbel, seed index and harvest index had direct positive effect on seed yield per plant at genotypic level. While days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellets per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, seed yield per hectare and seed index had direct positive effect on seed yield per plant at phenotypic level.
Conclusion: Selection in these traits will lead to higher efficiency in breeding programme for improving yield. Thus these traits may be ranked as most important attributing traits for seed yield per plant in fennel.
Study of Cognitive Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: El-Enein Eman Abdel Hakim Abo , El-Kolally Reham Mohammed , El-Raouf Issa Mai Abd , Attia Ghada Atif 
Published: July 2022

Backgrounds: Cognitive impairment is a frequent feature of COPD, so Cognitive function study should be a part of the initial respiratory assessment in COPD patients especially for those patients presenting with evident or self-reporting symptoms of cognitive deficit.
Objectives: The aim of our work was to study the cognitive function among COPD patients by using specific cognitive function tests and to assess the validity of these tests in detecting this impairment among COPD population.
Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was carried out on 100 patients with COPD diagnosed according to Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [1] Subjects of the study were selected from Chest Department Outpatients Tanta University Hospitals and Mansoura Chest Hospital Outpatients between March 2019 and November 2020. They were divided into three groups; group I including 34 grade II COPD patients, group II including 32 grade III COPD patients and group III including 34 grade IV COPD patients.
Results: Half of group III patients had severe cognitive impairment compared to 34.4% among group II patients and 26.5% among group I patients with a statistically significant differences in the MMSE between the three studied groups. (x2 =9.699, p=0.015). Group III patients had 29.4% with severe impairment, while group II had 34.4% and group, I had 17.6% with severe impairment with a statistically significant difference in digit symbol test distribution between different studied groups. As regards to Trail A and B tests, group III had high percent impaired test results, compared to group I and II with a statistically significant differences in its distribution between the different studied groups. As regards to Digit Span Tests A and B, there was no statistically significant difference in its distribution between different studied groups.
Conclusions: The Mini Mental State Examination Test may be used as a part of the initial respiratory assessment to give an idea about the cognitive state of the patient and if the patient needs more care for his cognitive status or not.
Association Between Open Payments–Reported Industry Transfers of Value and Prostaglandin Analog Prescribing in the US
Authors: Nguyen Andrew M. , Anderson Kelly E. , Anderson Gerard , Johnson Thomas V. 
Published: July 2022

ImportanceReported transfers of value (TOV) from pharmaceutical companies have been associated with greater use of branded anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents by ophthalmologists, but payment under the Medicare Part B buy-and-bill model includes a financial incentive to choose costlier agents, potentially confounding analyses of pharmaceutical TOV and prescribing patterns. How these reported TOV are associated with prescribing patterns for prescription eye drops, not subject to the incentives created by Part B payments, should be considered.ObjectiveTo assess the association between prostaglandin analog (PGA) eye drop prescribing and reported nonresearch TOV by makers of branded PGAs to US vision care professionals.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort analysis used a 20% nationally representative sample of 2018 Medicare Part D claims and industry TOV reported to the Open Payments program.Optometrists and ophthalmologists who had more than 10 claims for PGA drops in the 20% sample were analyzed. Analysis took place from June 2021 to February 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMultivariable logistic regression assessing the association between membership in strata of reported TOV and branded PGA prescribing rate, controlling for prescriber demographic factors, local area practices, total PGA prescribing volume, and plan formularies involved.ResultsA total of 20 612 ophthalmologists and 5426 optometrists (7449 [29%] female and 18 589 [71%] male) prescribed PGA eye drops. Of these, 9685 (37%) were reported to have received TOV from manufacturers of branded PGAs in 2018, totaling $5 060 346. The median (IQR) reported TOV was $65 ($24-$147). Multivariable logistic regression showed that the predicted probability of primarily prescribing branded PGAs among prescribers who reported receiving no TOV was 12.9% (95% CI, 12.4%-13.4%). This figure increased to 19.6% (95% CI, 18.8%-20.4%) among prescribers receiving TOV, a 50% increase. There was a dose-response association, such that the top 10% of TOV recipients had a 29.2% probability (95% CI, 26.4%-31.9%) of preferential branded use.Conclusions and RelevanceWhile the median reported TOV to a PGA prescriber was relatively low in this study, there was a positive association between amount of reported nonresearch TOV received from PGA makers and the frequency of branded PGA use. This shows that small reported TOV were associated with differences in prescribing. High rates of branded PGA prescribing may pose a cost burden to patients that affects adherence. Clinicians and policy makers should be aware of these associations.
Safety and Biological Activity of Rozibafusp alfa, a Bispecific Inhibitor of Inducible Costimulator Ligand and B Cell Activating Factor, in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of a Phase 1b, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled, Multiple Ascending Dose Study
Authors: Abuqayyas Lubna , Cheng Laurence E. , Teixeira dos Santos Marcia , Sullivan Barbara A. , Ruiz‐Santiago Norma , Wang Hui , Zhou Yanchen , Chindalore Vishala , Cohen Stanley , Kivitz Alan J. , Posch Maximilian G. , Parnes Jane R. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the safety and biological activity of rozibafusp alfa, a first‐in‐class bispecific antibody–peptide conjugate targeting inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) and B cell activating factor (BAFF), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThis phase 1b, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multiple ascending dose study included 34 patients (18–75 years; 82.4% female) with active RA (Disease Activity Score of 28 joints–C‐reactive protein [DAS28‐CRP] >2.6, on stable methotrexate) randomized 3:1 to receive rozibafusp alfa (n = 26, in four ascending dose cohorts of 70, 140, 210, and 420 mg) or a placebo (n = 8) subcutaneously once every 2 weeks for 10 weeks (six total doses), with 24 weeks of follow‐up. The primary end point was the incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Additional assessments included serum pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), immunogenicity, and RA disease activity measures (DAS28‐CRP, Patient Global Assessment of Disease, and Physician Global Assessment of Disease).ResultsTEAEs occurred in 96.2% and 87.5% of patients receiving rozibafusp alfa and the placebo, respectively; most were mild or moderate in severity. Two (7.7%) patients treated with rozibafusp alfa reported serious TEAEs; none were considered treatment related. Multiple doses of rozibafusp alfa showed nonlinear PK (mean t1/2 = 4.6–9.5 days) and dose‐related, reversible PD (>90% ICOSL receptor occupancy in 210‐ and 420‐mg cohorts; reduction in naïve B cells and increase in memory B cells in all cohorts). Five (20%) patients developed anti–rozibafusp alfa antibodies, with no apparent impact on safety. RA disease activity showed greater numerical improvement from baseline with rozibafusp alfa versus the placebo in the 210‐ and 420‐mg cohorts.ConclusionMultiple ascending doses of rozibafusp alfa were well tolerated, with PK and PD reflecting dual ICOSL and BAFF blockade. Findings support further clinical evaluation of rozibafusp alfa in autoimmune disease.