bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interaction between large mammals and Acheulean tools during the Middle Pleistocene in the Manzanares valley (Madrid, Spain): new evidence for Santa Elena and Oxígeno sites
Authors: Claver Idoia , Martos Juan Antonio , Yravedra José , Panera Joaquín , Rubio-Jara Susana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The fluvial deposits of the Manzanares and Jarama rivers present one of the largest concentrations of lithic and faunal remains of Pleistocene sites in Europe. In the Manzanares River close to the confluence of the Jarama River, the stepped terrace system disappears and gives way to the Complex Terrace of Butarque (CTB), where the sites of Santa Elena and Oxígeno are located. Different numerical dates obtained from the visible CTB’s bottom suggest that it was deposited during the MIS 6 or even MIS 7. This paper provides the first taphonomic and palaeoecological interpretation of both collections. A total of 445 fossil elements have been recorded in Oxígeno. The most represented are cranial fragments of Elephas sp. About Santa Elena, 130 fossil elements have been recorded. The best represented are fragments of Bos/Bison sp. horns and Elephas sp. tusks. The taphonomic processes identified at both sites bring to light a complex taphonomic history. The incidence of processes related to fluvial transport is higher in Oxígeno than in Santa Elena. Besides, dismemberment cut marks have been identified exclusively on the humerus of Bos primigenius in Santa Elena. Several tooth marks from carnivores have been recorded: small pits and scores at Oxígeno as well as pits and furrowing on Bos primigenius and Megaloceros sp. bones from Santa Elena. The faunal association depict an open landscape of wet meadows with herbaceous vegetation adjacent to riparian wood habitats associated with the Manzanares alluvial plain, where hominids and predators competed to some unknown extent.
A nascent design theory for explainable intelligent systems
Authors: Herm Lukas-Valentin , Steinbach Theresa , Wanner Jonas , Janiesch Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to computational advances in the past decades, so-called intelligent systems can learn from increasingly complex data, analyze situations, and support users in their decision-making to address them. However, in practice, the complexity of these intelligent systems renders the user hardly able to comprehend the inherent decision logic of the underlying machine learning model. As a result, the adoption of this technology, especially for high-stake scenarios, is hampered. In this context, explainable artificial intelligence offers numerous starting points for making the inherent logic explainable to people. While research manifests the necessity for incorporating explainable artificial intelligence into intelligent systems, there is still a lack of knowledge about how to socio-technically design these systems to address acceptance barriers among different user groups. In response, we have derived and evaluated a nascent design theory for explainable intelligent systems based on a structured literature review, two qualitative expert studies, a real-world use case application, and quantitative research. Our design theory includes design requirements, design principles, and design features covering the topics of global explainability, local explainability, personalized interface design, as well as psychological/emotional factors.
An application of morphological analysis and DNA barcoding to identify Ipnops from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) as I. meadi Nielsen, 1966 with notes on other species of the genus (Aulopiformes: Ipnopidae)
Authors: Thiel Ralf , Christodoulou Magdalini , Pogonoski John J. , Appleyard Sharon A. , Weddehage Thilo , Vink Annemiek , Uhlenkott Katja , Martinez Arbizu Pedro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough Ipnops specimens are relatively common in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ), an area targeted for potential future deep-sea mining, a reliable species identification has not yet been possible due to the lack of a captured specimen. In April 2012, an Ipnops specimen was caught for the first time from the eastern CCZ during an exploration cruise of the BGR. Species identification of this specimen was performed using a comparative application of morphological analysis and DNA barcoding and resulted in its clear assignment to Ipnops meadi Nielsen, 1966. Of the 23 compared morphological characters, 22 are inside the ranges available for I. meadi. Molecular analyses show a sequence distance of 0.76% divergence to an Ipnops specimen collected off Hawaii, close to the CCZ and also within the known geographical distribution range of I. meadi. The additional study of five specimens of I. meadi from the Arabian Sea has extended the previously known range of the following morphological characters of this species: gill rakers on anterior arch (17–21), head length (17.6–24.0 % SL), upper jaw length (10.7–14.0 % SL), maximum width of eye-plates (7.8–9.8 % SL), preanal length (58.8–79.0 % SL), and predorsal length (34.5–40.5 % SL). Ipnops specimens deriving from Australian waters could not be clearly assigned with confidence to one of the valid Ipnops species based on current morphological and molecular analyses. It seems possible that at least one previously undescribed Ipnops species occurs in Australian waters and further work is required on the genus to resolve uncertainties.
The Borel map in the mixed Beurling setting
Authors: Nenning David Nicolas , Rainer Armin , Schindl Gerhard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Borel map takes a smooth function to its infinite jet of derivatives (at zero). We study the restriction of this map to ultradifferentiable classes of Beurling type in a very general setting which encompasses the classical Denjoy–Carleman and Braun–Meise–Taylor classes. More precisely, we characterize when the Borel image of one class covers the sequence space of another class in terms of the two weights that define the classes. We present two independent solutions to this problem, one by reduction to the Roumieu case and the other by dualization of the involved Fréchet spaces, a Phragmén–Lindelöf theorem, and Hörmander’s solution of the$$\overline{\partial }$$∂¯-problem.
An Intersectional Approach to Equity, Inequity, and Archaeology
Authors: Rivera Prince Jordi A. , Blackwood Emily M. , Brough Jason A. , Landázuri Heather A. , Leclerc Elizabeth L. , Barnes Monica , Douglass Kristina , Gutiérrez María A. , Herr Sarah , Maasch Kirk A. , Sandweiss Daniel H. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe year 2020 was an awakening for some. For others, it reiterated the persistent social injustice in the United States. Compelled by these events, 30 diverse individuals came together from January to May 2021 for a semester-long seminar exploring inequity in archaeological practice. The seminar's discussions spotlighted the inequity and social injustices that are deeply embedded within the discipline. However, inequity in archaeology is often ignored or treated narrowly as discrete, if loosely bound, problems. A broad approach to inequity in archaeology revealed injustice to be intersectional, with compounding effects. Through the overarching themes of individual, community, theory, and practice, we (a subset of the seminar's participants) explore inequity and its role in various facets of archaeology, including North–South relations, publication, resource distribution, class differences, accessibility, inclusive theories, service to nonarchaeological communities, fieldwork, mentorship, and more. We focus on creating a roadmap for understanding the intersectionality of issues of inequity and suggesting avenues for continued education and direct engagement. We argue that community-building—by providing mutual support and building alliances—provides a pathway for realizing greater equity in our discipline.
Investigation of a Fused in Sarcoma Splicing Mutation in a Chinese Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patient
Authors: Yang Wanli , Chen Xi , Zhou Yu , Tang Xuelin , Sun Yimin , Dong Yi , Yang Hong , Chen Yan , Zhang Ming 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT:Objective:Genetic mutations of fused in sarcoma (FUS) causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may disrupt mRNA splicing events. For example, the FUS c.1394-2delA variant was reported in two western ALS patients, but its molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate FUS splice site mutations in Chinese ALS patients.Methods:Sanger sequencing was used to identify FUS splicing mutations in Chinese ALS patients. We combined a deep learning tool (SpliceAI), RNA sequencing, and RT-PCR/RT-qPCR to analyze the effect of FUS c.1394-2delA mutation on RNA splicing and expression. AlphaFold was used to predict the protein structure of mutant FUS. In transfected cell lines, we used immunofluorescence to assess cytoplasmic mislocalization of mutant FUS protein.Results:We identified a de novo FUS splice acceptor site mutation (c.1394-2delA, p. Gly466Valfs*14) in one Chinese sporadic ALS patient, which is linked to exon 14 skipping, and upregulated total FUS mRNA expression. The FUS splice site mutation was predicted to be translated into a truncated protein product at C-terminal. In vitro studies revealed that the FUS mutation increased cytoplasmic mislocalization in both HEK293T and SH-SY5Y cells.Conclusions:We identified a de novo FUS splicing mutation (c.1394-2delA, p. Gly466Valfs*14) in 1 out of 233 Chinese ALS patients. It caused abnormal RNA splicing, upregulated gene expression, truncated FUS translation, and cytosolic mislocalization. Our findings suggested that FUS splice site mutation is rare in Chinese ALS patients and extended our knowledge of molecular mechanisms of the FUS c.1394-2delA mutation.
Changes in assortative matching and educational inequality: evidence from marriage and birth records in Mexico
Authors: Hoehn-Velasco Lauren , Penglase Jacob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver the past three decades, educational attainment in Mexico has grown substantially. This increase in educational attainment may affect marriage patterns through the growing supply of individuals with higher education and changing preferences over their partner's education level. We use administrative marriage and birth certificate records to quantify changes in the relative education levels for both married and unmarried couples. Our results suggest that individuals who marry outside their education category prefer to match with a partner with a similar education level. That is, college graduates prefer to match with individuals with a secondary education rather than those with a primary education. We also find that assortativeness among pairs which include college graduates has grown considerably over this time period. Our findings hold across both marriage records and birth certificate records, indicating a parallel increase in assortativeness regardless of marital status.
The disputed lake: Lake Garda between tourism and nationalism on the eve of the Great War
Authors: Pasini Maria Paola 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article reconstructs the heated – local and national – debate around the consistent and pervasive foreign presence in the border territory of Lake Garda on the eve of the Great War. Here, the growing nationalistic tensions that preceded the conflict intertwined with the emerging hospitality industry. Tourism, seen as a social phenomenon, can thus offer a privileged perspective on the transformations of the general context of the time. Introduced by Austro-Germanic inhabitants of the lake at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the hospitality industry on Lake Garda flourished up to the eve of the Great War. There were, however, also opponents to this model of development. The dispute escalated to the point that, in the perception of the locals, the ‘outsiders’ turned into ‘enemies’ and Lake Garda increasingly became a disputed area: a symbol of the tensions of the time.
Serum s100b protein levels as a neuroinflammatory biomarker of acutely relapsed paranoid schizophrenia patients
Authors: Morera-Fumero Armando L. , Diaz-Mesa Estefania , Fernandez-Lopez Lourdes , Abreu-Gonzalez Pedro , Henry-Benitez Manuel S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjective:The s100b inflammatory protein is involved in schizophrenia pathophysiology. We aim at studying the evolution of the s100b serum levels in acutely relapsed paranoid schizophrenia patients at three different time points (admission, discharge and 3 months after hospital discharge 3MAHD).Methods:Twenty-three paranoid schizophrenia inpatients meeting DSM-IV criteria participated in the research. Twenty-three healthy subjects matched by age, gender and season acted as the control group. Psychopathology was measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Serum s100b levels were determined at 12:00 and 24:00 h with an enzyme-linked immunoassay kit.Results:Patients had significant higher serum s100b levels at admission and discharge (12:00 h) than the group of healthy subjects. At admission and discharge, s100b serum levels at 24 h had decreased compared to the 24:00 h s100b levels of the healthy subjects. At 3MAHD patients and healthy subjects had similar levels of serum s100b protein. Positive and negative PANSS scores decreased significantly between admission and discharge. Positive and negative PANSS scores decreased between discharge and 3MAHD, but these changes had no statistical significance.Conclusions:Our study confirms that the acute inflammatory response produced in acutely relapsed patients is reversed after 3 month of hospital discharge. The variations of serum s100b concentrations when the patients suffer from an acute relapse may be a useful predictor of disease evolution.
Mechanistic effects of microwave radiation on pupal emergence in the leafminer fly,Liriomyza trifolii
Authors: Chang Ya-Wen , Zhang Yue , Yan Yu-Qing , Wang Yu-Cheng , Wu Cheng-Dong , Hu Jie , Du Yu-Zhou 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiriomyza trifoliiis a significant pest of vegetable and ornamental crops across the globe. Microwave radiation has been used for controlling pests in stored products; however, there are few reports on the use of microwaves for eradicating agricultural pests such asL. trifolii, and its effects on pests at the molecular level is unclear. In this study, we show that microwave radiation inhibited the emergence ofL. trifoliipupae. Transcriptomic studies ofL. trifoliiindicated significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ‘post-translational modification, protein turnover, chaperones’, ‘sensory perception of pain/transcription repressor complex/zinc ion binding’ and ‘insulin signaling pathway’ when analyzed with the Clusters of Orthologous Groups, Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, respectively. The top DEGs were related to reproduction, immunity and development and were significantly expressed after microwave radiation. Interestingly, there was no significant difference in the expression of genes encoding heat shock proteins or antioxidant enzymes inL. trifoliitreated with microwave radiation as compared to the untreated control. The expression of DEGs encoding cuticular protein and protein takeout were silenced by RNA interference, and the results showed that knockdown of these two DEGs reduced the survival ofL. trifoliiexposed to microwave radiation. The results of this study help elucidate the molecular response ofL. trifoliiexposed to microwave radiation and provide novel ideas for control.
Combined effects of CXCL8 (IL-8) and CXCR2 (IL-8R) gene polymorphisms on deregressed MACE EBV indexes of milk-related traits in Simmental bulls
Authors: De Matteis Giovanna , Grandoni Francesco , Signorelli Federica , Degano Lorenzo , Vicario Daniele , Buttazzoni Luca , Napolitano Francesco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCXCL8 (also known as IL-8) is a member of the CXC subfamily of chemokines that binds two of the seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), CXCR1 and CXCR2, to mediate and regulate leucocyte accumulation and activation at sites of inflammation. They are known to play a critical role in both disease susceptibility and infection outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the entire sequences ofCXCL8andCXCR2genes in thirty-one Simmental sires to evaluate the effects of genomic variants on the indexes of the bulls for milk, fat and protein yields, and for somatic cell score (SCS). Five new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found inCXCR2gene. The analysis of association indicated that one SNP inCXCL8and two inCXCR2influenced the considered traits. To evaluate the existence of functional haplotypic effects, combinations among the three genomic variants (SNP 1 inCXCL8, SNP 6 and SNP 7 inCXCR2) were investigated. Four different haplotypic alleles were identified in the experimental population, one of which at a high frequency (61%). Bulls with Hap 4 (G-C-G at SNP 1, SNP 6, and SNP 7 respectively) had more favourable indexes for SCS (P< 0.05). These results suggest that the SNPs inCXCL8andCXCR2may be potential genetic markers to improve udder health in the Simmental breed.
Effect of loose house dairy cattle barn modification on udder health and production performance of Jersey crossbred cows in tropical lower Gangetic plains
Authors: Sahu Dharma , Mandal Dilip Kumar , Podder Monanki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe results reported in this research communication aimed to reduce the housing discomfort and mastitis incidence of lactating Jersey crossbred cows through modifications to the roof and floor of loose housing stalls. The experiment was conducted on twenty Jersey crossbred cows and they were distributed equally into two different types of housing: (i) existing shed/control group (T0) – concrete floor and asbestos roof and (ii) modified shed/treatment group (T1)- sand flooring (4–6 inch deep; 38% of total area) and a thatch ceiling (4″ thick) under an asbestos roof. Under-roof surface temperature differed significantly (P< 0.01) between the two sheds during both the winter season but a greater difference was observed in the summer (modified sheds were 5–9 °C cooler than the control shed during peak hours (10 am to 3 pm) of the day. The milk yield (kg/d) in both seasons was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P< 0.01). The overall milk fat and total solid percentage were significantly higher in the treatment than the control group (P< 0.01) but solids not fat (SNF) did not show any difference between the groups. The percentage of milk fat did not differ significantly between the seasons, while the SNF and total solids were also significantly higher in the winter than the summer season (P< 0.01). There was a significantly lower subclinical mastitis test score (MCMT grade:P< 0.05) in the treatment group than in the control group. In the treatment group, the somatic cell count (SCC) was numerically but non-significantly less than in the control group. No differences in MCMT and SCC were observed between seasons (P> 0.05). It was concluded that the provision of sand as stall flooring and an under-roof thatch ceiling as a heat insulator was significantly associated with increased milk yield, milk composition and possibly, lower somatic cell count in dairy Jersey crossbred cows. However, since the study was limited to a single replicate of each housing system with analysis done at individual cow level, further work is needed to confirm these conclusions.
Robust PID optimal tuning of a Delta parallel robot based on a hybrid optimization algorithm of particle swarm optimization and differential evolution
Authors: Pak Yong-Ju , Kong Yong-Su , Ri Jin-Song 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an approach to tune optimal parameters of a robust PID controller by means of computed torque control (CTC) strategy for trajectory tracking of a Delta parallel robot, using a hybrid optimization algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and differential evolution (DE). It differs from previous works that they propose robust PID controller parameters tuning based on conventional gradient-based optimization algorithms and apply them to process control. First, we reduce the tuning problem of a robust PID controller with CTC strategy satisfying requirements including robustness and disturbance attenuation to an optimization problem with nonlinear constraints by considering the nonlinear dynamic model of a Delta parallel robot. Second, we set up the design characteristics for the trajectory tracking of a Delta parallel robot. Then, we propose a robust PID controller in a way of obtaining the global optimization solution of the nonlinear optimization problem by running a PSO-DE hybrid optimization algorithm of finding the global optimal solution by maintaining the diversity of swarm during evolution based on the evolution of cognitive experience. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed controller outperforms previous works with respect to robust performance and active disturbance attenuation when it is applied to tracking control of a Delta parallel robot.
The Morality of Creating Lives Not Worth Living: On Boonin's Solution to the Non-Identity Problem
Authors: Risberg Olle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDavid Boonin argues that in a choice between creating a person whose life would be well worth living and creating a different person whose life would be significantly worse, but still worth living, each option is morally permissible. I show that Boonin's argument for this view problematically implies that in a choice between creating a person whose life would be well worth living and creating another person whose life would not be worth living, each option is also morally permissible.
Development and application of novel performance validity metrics for computerized neurocognitive batteries
Authors: Scott J. Cobb , Moore Tyler M. , Roalf David R. , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Wolf Daniel H. , Port Allison M. , Butler Ellyn R. , Ruparel Kosha , Nievergelt Caroline M. , Risbrough Victoria B. , Baker Dewleen G. , Gur Raquel E. , Gur Ruben C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectives:Data from neurocognitive assessments may not be accurate in the context of factors impacting validity, such as disengagement, unmotivated responding, or intentional underperformance. Performance validity tests (PVTs) were developed to address these phenomena and assess underperformance on neurocognitive tests. However, PVTs can be burdensome, rely on cutoff scores that reduce information, do not examine potential variations in task engagement across a battery, and are typically not well-suited to acquisition of large cognitive datasets. Here we describe the development of novel performance validity measures that could address some of these limitations by leveraging psychometric concepts using data embedded within the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (PennCNB).Methods:We first developed these validity measures using simulations of invalid response patterns with parameters drawn from real data. Next, we examined their application in two large, independent samples: 1) children and adolescents from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort (n = 9498); and 2) adult servicemembers from the Marine Resiliency Study-II (n = 1444).Results:Our performance validity metrics detected patterns of invalid responding in simulated data, even at subtle levels. Furthermore, a combination of these metrics significantly predicted previously established validity rules for these tests in both developmental and adult datasets. Moreover, most clinical diagnostic groups did not show reduced validity estimates.Conclusions:These results provide proof-of-concept evidence for multivariate, data-driven performance validity metrics. These metrics offer a novel method for determining the performance validity for individual neurocognitive tests that is scalable, applicable across different tests, less burdensome, and dimensional. However, more research is needed into their application.