bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and Pain Severity in Gulf War Illness Is Associated With Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines and Positive Acute Phase Proteins
Authors: Hodgin Kathleen S. , Jones Chloe L. , Younger Jarred W. 
Published: July 2022

Objective
The aim of the study is to investigate relationships between inflammatory analytes and symptoms of pain and fatigue in Gulf War illness (GWI).

Methods
In this preliminary study, 12 male veterans meeting GWI criteria provided daily blood samples and symptom ratings over 25 days. Linear mixed models were used to analyze associations between symptoms and sera concentrations of cytokines, acute phase proteins, insulin, and brain-derived neurotropic factor.

Results
Analyses included 277 days with both blood draws and self-reports. Days with worse fatigue severity were associated with higher C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A, and lower eotaxin 1. Muscle pain and joint pain were associated with leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and interferon γ–induced protein. Joint pain was further associated with serum amyloid A and eotaxin 3.

Conclusions
Gulf War illness involves fatigue and pain associated with inflammation. Conventional and novel anti-inflammatories should be further explored for the treatment of GWI.
Do Musculoskeletal Disorders Affect Work Tasks in Farmers
Authors: Friesen Kenzie B. , Lang Angelica E. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common among farmers, yet associated difficulty during work is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the connection between MSDs and work-related task difficulty in rural Saskatchewan.MethodsRural Saskatchewan farmers and farm workers with history of MSD in the last 5 years (n= 72) participated via an online survey.ResultsShoulder MSDs were the most common (75%), followed by neck (65%), knees (61%), and lower back (58%). Many participants reported more than one MSD. Presence of MSDs leads to difficulty in work tasks; for example, difficulty when operating power tools with hands was 8.7 times more likely for those with shoulder MSD.ConclusionsMSDs in rural Saskatchewan farmers are associated with greater work task difficulty, and future research into risk factors related to those tasks can guide prevention strategies.
Why Am I So Exhausted?
Authors: Allen Joseph A. , Thiese Matt S. , Eden Emilee , Knowles Sarah E. 
Published: July 2022

Objective
Ineffective meetings have been well-documented as presenting considerable direct (eg, salary) and indirect costs (eg, employee burnout). We explore the idea that people need meeting recovery, or time to transition from meetings to their next task. Doing so may reduce employee burnout.

Methods
We used a quantitative survey of working adults' last meeting to determine the relationship between meeting outcomes (satisfaction and effectiveness) and meeting recovery.

Results
We found that meeting outcomes are related to meeting recovery and that relationship is moderated by the degree to which the meeting was relevant to the individual. Implications for theory and practice are discussed to provide concrete recommendations for researchers, managers, and consultants.

Conclusions
This study explores virtual meeting fatigue with a focus on meeting quality and explores the need for recovery after workplace meetings.
Safety and Efficacy of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Facial Nerve Schwannoma
Authors: Fatima Nida , La Dine Anna K. , Barnard Zachary R. , Ko Katherine , Peng Kevin , Slattery William H. , Lekovic Gregory P. 
Published: July 2022

Objective
In the current era of modern neurosurgery, the treatment strategies have been shifted to “nerve-preservation approaches” for achieving a higher facial and hearing function preservation rate following facial nerve tumors. We have conducted this novel report on determining the outcome of patients with facial nerve schwannomas (FNS) treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (hfSRS).

Patients
Retrospective chart review of a prospectively maintained database search was conducted.

Intervention
Patients who underwent hfSRS CyberKnife (Accuray Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, U.S.A.) for FNS were included.

Main Outcome Measures
Outcomes consisted of tumor control, facial and hearing nerve function as graded by House-Brackmann and American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery recommendations, and adverse radiation effects.

Results
With an institutional board review approval, we retrospectively identified five patients with FNS (four intracranial [80%] and one extracranial [20%]) treated with hfSRS (2011–2019). Patients received definitive SRS in three patients (60.0%), whereas adjuvant to surgical resection in two patients (40.0%). A median tumor volume of 7.5 cm3 (range, 1.5–19.6 cm3) received a median prescription dose of 23.2 Gy (range, 21–25 Gy) administered in median of three fractions (range, three to five sessions). With a median radiographic follow-up of 31.4 months (range, 13.0–71.0 mo) and clinical follow-up of 32.6 months (range, 15.1–72.0 mo), the local tumor control was 100.0%. At the last clinical follow-up, the facial nerve function improved or remained unchanged House-Brackmann I–II in 80.0% of the patients, whereas the hearing nerve function improved or remained stable in 100.0% of the patients. Temporary clinical toxicity was observed in three patients (60.0%), which resolved. None of the patients developed adverse radiation effect.

Conclusion
From our case series, hfSRS in FNS seems to be safe and efficacious in terms of local tumor control, and improved facial and hearing nerve function.
Unintentional Weight Loss in Adults 65 Years or Older
Authors: Durmuş Nurdan Şentürk , Can Büşra , Tufan Aslı 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Unintentional weight loss is defined as a more than 5% decrease in body weight within 1 year. Various physical and psychiatric etiologies cause unintentional weight loss, including major depressive disorder (MDD). We present the case of a 69-year-old woman who lost 10 kg in 2 months. She had anhedonia, mobility limitations, and incontinence. Her Mini Nutritional Assessment score indicated malnutrition, whereas her Geriatric Depression Scale score indicated a diagnosis of MDD. Whole-body fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed intensely increased FDG uptake in the muscles adjacent to the right and left mandibular rami and the temporal muscle, compatible with jaw clenching associated with the patient's MDD. Subsequent temporal muscle biopsy did not suggest the causes of malignant disorders, dermatomyositis, or polymyositis. Having ruled out all possible organic pathologies, the patient was thus diagnosed with MDD. Escitalopram was prescribed for her MDD, and oral nutritional supplement treatments were initiated for her malnutrition. Patients who present with unintentional weight loss should be assessed first for physical etiologies, and then psychiatric etiologies, particularly as weight loss may be a major symptom of MDD in older adults.
Playing the Role of a Nurse in a Virtual Reality Simulation
Authors: Dubovi Ilana , Itzhaki Michal 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Nurses' successful emotional coping with unpleasant emotions triggered by intense clinical situations is associated with better-quality patient care. Nursing students experience significant challenges with managing their emotions in clinical practice.

Purpose:
To evaluate a virtual reality (VR)–based simulation as a platform for emotional management training.

Methods:
A pretest-posttest research design was used to study sophomore nursing students (n = 75) while learning with a VR simulation.

Results:
Playing the role of a nurse in a VR hospital triggered an emotional dissonance to uncover students' management strategies, specifically deep cognitive acting and surface acting strategies. Surface acting emphasizes emotions that are displayed but not genuinely experienced and was negatively associated with posttest knowledge scores (r =−0.34, P < .05).

Conclusion:
Learning with VR can provide a safe environment both for acquiring knowledge and for revealing students' emotional management, which, in turn, can be leveraged by educators to redirect the emotion work required in the nursing profession.
The Impact of Adenomyosis on Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Review
Authors: Wendel Michael P. , Magann Everett F. 
Published: July 2022

Objective
The aim of this review was to describe the risk factors, diagnosis, and effects on pregnancy of the gynecologic condition adenomyosis.

Methods
A PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL search was undertaken. Citations were limited to the past 30 years.

Results
There were 223 articles identified, with 31 articles being the basis of this review. Adenomyosis is a relatively common gynecologic condition that was previously thought to predominantly occur in older women, as it was diagnosed most commonly after a hysterectomy. As imaging techniques have advanced, this condition is now able to be diagnosed much earlier in life and is estimated to affect up to 20% of reproductive aged women. As studies have followed these women through subsequent pregnancies, an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes has been observed. These include miscarriage, preterm birth, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, small for gestational age, low birthweight, and preeclampsia, among others. This review is to examine the incidence, risk factors, and diagnostic criteria of adenomyosis and to then discuss its role in adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions
Adenomyosis has been predominately a gynecologic condition, but now has been shown to adversely affect pregnancy outcomes. Diagnosis is made with histology, but may be suspected based on magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound findings. Despite evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, there are no established strategies to risk, stratify, or prevent any of these outcomes.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family medicine physicians

Learning Objectives
After completion of this article, the reader should be better able to interpret the incidence and diagnostic criteria for adenomyosis; identify patients at risk for adenomyosis; and predict the adverse outcomes of pregnancy related to adenomyosis.
Liquid Nicotine, E-Cigarettes, and Vaping
Authors: Howard Mary Beth , Guse Sabrina 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
E-cigarettes, or electronic cigarettes, are electronic nicotine delivery systems that are marketed as a healthier alternative to tobacco cigarettes. There has been an exponential increase in their use among youth since their introduction to the United States market in 2007. With increased use and popularity, there has been an increase in calls to poison control centers regarding liquid nicotine toxicity in children and adolescents. Recent US Food and Drug Administration and other federal regulations of e-cigarettes have attempted to limit availability to youth. This article reviews trends in e-cigarette use among youth, the background and mechanism of action of e-cigarettes, liquid nicotine toxicity, management of liquid nicotine toxicity, and recent policy updates regarding e-cigarettes.
Functional connectivity between interoceptive brain regions is associated with distinct health-related domains - a population-based neuroimaging study
Authors: Luettich A , Sievers C , Alfaro Almagro F , Allen M , Jbabdi S , Smith SM , Pattinson KTS 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInteroception is the sensation, perception, and control of signals from within the body. It has been associated with a broad range of physiological and psychological processes. Further, interoceptive variables are related to specific regions and networks in the human brain. However, it is not clear whether or how these networks relate empirically to different domains of physiological and psychological health at the population level.We analysed a dataset of 19 020 individuals (10 055 females, 8 965 males; mean age: 63 years, age range: 45 – 81 years), who have participated in the UK Biobank Study, a very large scale prospective epidemiological health study. Using canonical correlation analysis (CCA), allowing for the examination of associations between two sets of variables, we related the functional connectome of brain regions implicated in interoception to a selection of non-imaging health and lifestyle related phenotypes, exploring their relationship within modes of population co-variation.In one integrated and data driven analysis, we obtained four statistically significant modes. Modes could be categorised into domains of affect and cardiovascular health, breathing, obesity, and subjective health (all p < 0.0001) and were meaningfully associated with distinct neural circuits.Circuits represent specific neural “fingerprints” of functional domains and set the scope for future studies on the neurobiology of interoceptive involvement in different lifestyle and health related phenotypes. Therefore, our research contributes to the conceptualisation of interoception and may lead to a better understanding of co-morbid conditions in the light of shared interoceptive structures.
Characterizing the shared signals of face familiarity: long-term acquaintance, voluntary control, and concealed knowledge
Authors: Dalski Alexia , Kovács Gyula , Wiese Holger , Ambrus Géza Gergely 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing cross-experiment multivariate classification of EEG patterns, in a recent study we found evidence for a shared familiarity signal for faces, patterns of neural activity that successfully separate trials for familiar and unfamiliar faces across participants and modes of familiarization. Here, our aim was to expand upon this research to further characterize the spatio-temporal properties of this signal. By utilizing the information content present for incidental exposure to personally familiar and unfamiliar faces, we tested how the information content in the neural signal unfolds over time under different task demands – giving truthful or deceptive responses to photographs of genuinely familiar and unfamiliar individuals. For this goal, we re-analyzed data from two previously published experiments using within-experiment leave-one-subject-out and cross-experiment classification of face familiarity. We observed that the general face familiarity signal, consistent with its previously described spatio-temporal properties, is present for long-term personally familiar faces under passive viewing, as well as for acknowledged and concealed familiarity responses. Also, central-posterior regions contain information related to deception. We propose that signals in the 200-400 ms window are modulated by top-down task-related anticipation, while the patterns in the 400-600 ms window are influenced by conscious effort to deceive. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the representational dynamics of concealed knowledge for faces.HighlightsPrevious studies found a robust EEG effect for face-familiarity in the 200-600 ms post-stimulus range.This neural pattern was found to be shared across participants and modes of familiarization.We used incidental exposure as a template to probe information content for acknowledged and concealed familiarityThe shared familiarity signal is modulated differentially in early (200-400 ms) and late (post-400 ms) windowsCross-experiment classification is a promising tool to investigate how cognitive processes unfold under different conditions
Patient-derived xenograft studies of fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient uterine leiomyoma subtype
Authors: Kajimura Takuya , Serna Vanida Ann , Amurgis Emma , Blumenfeld Michael , Kurita Takeshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUterine leiomyoma (LM) is the most common benign gynecological tumor in premenopausal women. Our previous patient-derived xenograft (PDX) studies established that 17ß-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) stimulate the growth of the two most prevalent subtypes, MED12 mutant (MED12-LM) and HMGA2 overexpressing LMs (HMGA2-LM), via proliferation and hypertrophy of smooth muscle tumor cells (SMTCs). In addition, tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) that do not carry MED12 mutations also contribute to the growth of MED12-LM by secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. In this study, we investigated the growth control of the fumarate hydratase (FH) deficient LM (FH-LM) subtype, utilizing the PDX model. We identified an FH-negative case with conventional leiomyoma histology. The overexpression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) confirmed the FH deficiency. Like MED12-LM, FH-LM comprised two major cell types: 54.4% SMTCs and 43.3% TAFs. Furthermore, the TAFs expressed FH. The FH-LM PDXs grew in response to E2 and P4 via proliferation and hypertrophy of SMTCs, similar to MED12-LM and HMGA2-LM. While E2 alone did not stimulate growth, E2 was essential for sensitizing FH-deficient SMTCs to P4 by upregulating progesterone receptor (PGR). Our current study established that the growth of the three most prevalent LM subtypes, MED12-LM, HMGA2-LM, and FH-LM, depends on E2 and P4. Thus, selective progesterone receptor modulators (SPRMs) should be an effective treatment option for most symptomatic LM patients.
Sequential in vitro enzymatic N-glycoprotein modification reveals site-specific rates of glycoenzyme processing
Authors: Adams Trevor M. , Zhao Peng , Chapla Digantkumar , Moremen Kelley W. , Wells Lance 
Published: July 2022

AbstractN-glycosylation is an essential eukaryotic post-translational modification that affects various glycoprotein properties, including folding, solubility, protein-protein interactions, and half-life. N-glycans are processed in the secretory pathway to form varied ensembles of structures, and diversity at a single site on a glycoprotein is termed ‘microheterogeneity’. To understand the factors that influence glycan microheterogeneity, we hypothesized that local steric and electrostatic factors surrounding each site influences glycan availability to enzymatic modification. We tested this hypothesis by expression of a panel of reporter N-linked glycoproteins in MGAT1- null HEK293 cells to produce immature Man5GlcNAc2 glycoforms (38 glycan sites total). These glycoproteins were then sequentially modified in vitro from high-mannose to hybrid and on to biantennary, core fucosylated, complex structures by a panel of N-glycosylation enzymes and each reaction time-course was quantified by LC-MS/MS. Substantial differences in rates of in vitro enzymatic modification were observed between glycan sites on the same protein and differences in modification rates varied depending on the glycoenzyme being evaluated. By comparison, proteolytic digestion of the reporters prior to N-glycan processing eliminated differences in in vitro enzymatic modification. Comparison of in vitro rates of enzymatic modification with the glycan structures found on the mature reporters expressed in wild type cells correlate well with the enzymatic bottlenecks found in vitro. These data suggest that higher-order local structures surrounding each glycosylation site contribute to the efficiency of modification both in vitro and in vivo to establish the spectrum of site-specific microheterogeneity found on N-linked glycoproteins.
An Evidence-based Cognitive Model of Uncertainty during Indoor Multi-level Human Wayfinding
Authors: Yang Qi , Dubey Rohit K. , Kalantari Saleh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExisting computational models lack adequate representation of the uncertainty experienced in human wayfinding tasks. They overly rely on optimized pathing algorithms, which reduces realism and limits insights on human responses to architectural designs. To address this, we developed an empirically grounded model that predicts human wayfinding uncertainty experience. Using data from 28 participants navigating an educational building with varying signage, we constructed the model (Study 1), and validated it with data from 11 other participants (Study 2). We found the wayfinding uncertainty correlated with the time elapsed since seeing the last helpful sign. The cognitive agent based on this model closely replicated human-reported uncertainty levels during wayfinding tasks under different signage conditions. Although the model more closely resembled human behavior compared to a shortest-route algorithm, additional environmental variables and heuristics are needed for better human outcome alignment. Our study showcases that evidence-based cognitive agent modeling can provide nuanced, human-like wayfinding behavior, enhancing the potential for effective computational design evaluation.
Three Distinct Annotation Platforms Differ in Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Long-Read, Short-Read, and Hybrid Sequences Derived from Total Genomic DNA or from Purified Plasmid DNA
Authors: Maboni Grazieli , de Paula Baptista Rodrigo , Wireman Joy , Framst Isaac , Summers Anne O. , Sanchez Susan 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTRecent advances and lower costs in rapid high-throughput sequencing have engendered hope that whole genome sequencing (WGS) might afford complete resistome characterization in clinical bacterial isolates. Despite its potential, several challenges should be addressed before adopting WGS to detect antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in the clinical laboratory. Here, with three distinct ESKAPE bacteria, we compared different approaches to identify best practices for detection of AMR genes, including: total genomic DNA and plasmid DNA extractions, solo assembly of Illumina short-reads and of ONT long-reads, two hybrid assembly pipelines, and three in silico AMR databases. We also determined the susceptibility of each strain to 21 antimicrobials. We found that all AMR genes detected in pure plasmid DNA were also detectable in total genomic DNA indicating that, at least in these three enterobacterial genera, purification of plasmid DNA was not necessary to detect plasmid-borne AMR genes. We also found that Illumina short-reads used with ONT long-reads in either hybrid or polished assemblies of total genomic DNA enhanced sensitivity and accuracy of AMR gene detection. Phenotypic susceptibility corresponded well with genotypes identified by sequencing, but the three AMR databases differed significantly in distinguishing mobile dedicated AMR genes from non-mobile chromosomal housekeeping genes in which rare spontaneous resistance mutations might occur. This study reveals the need for standardized biochemical and informatic procedures and database resources for consistent, reliable AMR genotyping to take full advantage of WGS to expedite patient treatment and to track AMR genes within the hospital and community.
Characterization of the NSE6 subunit of thePhyscomitrium patensPpSMC5/6 complex
Authors: Lelkes E. , Holá M. , Jemelková J. , Štefanovie B. , Kolesár P. , Vágnerová R. , Angelis K.J. , Paleček J.J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStructural Maintenance of Chromosome (SMC) complexes are molecular machines ensuring chromatin organization at higher levels. They play direct roles in cohesion, condensation, replication, transcription and DNA repair. Their cores are composed of long-armed SMC, kleisin, and kleisin-associated KITE or HAWK subunits. Additional factors, like NSE6 within SMC5/6, bind to SMC core complexes and regulate their activities. To characterize the NSE6 subunit of mossPhyscomitrium patens, we analyzed its protein-protein interactions andPpnse6mutant phenotypes. We identified a previously unrecognized sequence motif conserved from yeast to humans within the NSE6 CANIN domain that is required for interaction with its NSE5 partner. In addition, the CANIN domain and its preceding sequences bind and link SMC5 and SMC6 arms, suggesting its role in SMC5/6 dynamics. BothPpnse6dCas9_3andPpnse6KO1_47mutant lines exhibited reduced growth and developmental aberrations. These mutants were also sensitive to DNA-damaging drug bleomycin and lost a significant portion of rDNA copies, suggesting conserved architecture and functions of SMC5/6 complexes across species.