bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the same page? Differences between male and female board members on the benefits of a gender-balanced representation
Authors: Guedes Maria João , Patel Pankaj C. , Casaca Sara Falcão 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the interplay between male and female board members’ beliefs about women’s competence to fill board positions (valence), the perceived benefits of a greater gender-balanced boardroom (value) and the significance attributed to the gender quota law as a relevant instrument in eliciting change in board composition.

Design/methodology/approach
Looking through the lens of expectancy-value theory, the authors investigate whether the perceived benefits of a gender quota law mediate the path between the beliefs about women’s competence to become board members and the perceived benefits of a greater gender-balanced representation in the boardroom. In addition, the authors investigate whether female and male board members share the same beliefs about a gender-balanced representation.

Findings
The results show that there are differences in beliefs about women’s competencies to become board members and the perceived benefits of a greater gender-balanced boardroom. Female board members hold stronger beliefs on the competence of women to fill board positions and, thus, assign greater importance to the gender quota law, which, in turn, impacts the greater significance attributed to equal representation of women in the boardroom.

Practical implications
The findings shed new light on the debate concerning gender quotas aimed at promoting gender-balanced boardrooms by pointing out that differences in value expectations between male and female board members may prevent intraboard gender-equal dynamics.

Originality/value
The study contributes to the literature by adding new insights on how male and female board members perceive the value of legally bound gender quotas, in association with their beliefs about women’s competence to fill board positions (valence) and their expectations in terms of the beneficial outcomes of a more gender-balanced board composition.
Vieta–Lucas wavelets method for fractional linear and nonlinear delay differential equations
Authors: Idrees Shafaq , Saeed Umer 
Published: September 2022

PurposeIn this article, the authors aims to introduce a novel Vieta–Lucas wavelets method by generalizing the Vieta–Lucas polynomials for the numerical solutions of fractional linear and non-linear delay differential equations on semi-infinite interval.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have worked on the development of the operational matrices for the Vieta–Lucas wavelets and their Riemann–Liouville fractional integral, and these matrices are successfully utilized for the solution of fractional linear and non-linear delay differential equations on semi-infinite interval. The method which authors have introduced in the current paper utilizes the operational matrices of Vieta–Lucas wavelets to converts the fractional delay differential equations (FDDEs) into a system of algebraic equations. For non-linear FDDE, the authors utilize the quasilinearization technique in conjunction with the Vieta–Lucas wavelets method.FindingsThe purpose of utilizing the new operational matrices is to make the method more efficient, because the operational matrices contains many zero entries. Authors have worked out on both error and convergence analysis of the present method. Procedure of implementation for FDDE is also provided. Furthermore, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the reliability and accuracy of the method.Originality/valueMany engineers or scientist can utilize the present method for solving their ordinary or Caputo–fractional differential models. To the best of authors’ knowledge, the present work has not been used or introduced for the considered type of differential equations.
Meshless numerical method for the contact problems of joint surface
Authors: Wang Wei , Shi Junping , Cao Xiaoshan , Hu Yifeng 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe partition of unity of the standard meshless Galerkin method is used as basis in expressing the discontinuity of the contact surface displacement, particularly by adding discontinuous terms into the displacement mode, and constructing the discontinuous meshless displacement field function. In this study the contact surface equation is aimed to derive from the improved Coulomb friction contact model.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper based on the basic idea of meshless method, an improved moving least squares approximation function (expansion method based on out of unit division) is applied to the analysis of two-dimensional contact problems.FindingsOn the basis of this equation after discrete processing, it is combined with the discrete form of the virtual work equation with added contact conditions, and eventually transformed into a standard linear complementary problem. Moreover, it is solved by using the Lemke algorithm, and a corresponding example is provided in this research.Originality/valueThe proposed method can effectively control the mutual embedding of the contact surface, and the stress distribution that is the same as the actual situation can be obtained on the contact surface.
Exploring the psychological contract during new normal: construction and validation of the revised psychological contract scale
Authors: Karani Mehta Anushree , Thanki Heena , Panda Rasananda , Trivedi Payal 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe study aims to explore and validate the revised psychological contract scale in this new normal era.Design/methodology/approachTo serve the purpose, four studies were conducted. Study 1 was conducted for item generation through the extant literature review and phenomenological study. Study 2 highlighted the expert review. Study 3 explained the confirmatory factor analysis. At the end of study 3, the new psychological contract content had 14 items along with 15 traditional psychological contract content items. The nomological study validated the scale with the help of antecedent, i.e. supervisor's support, and outcomes, i.e. well-being and innovative behavior.FindingsThe revised psychological contract was bifurcated into two categories: new and traditional. Further, the revised psychological contract scale was having two dimensions: content and breach/fulfillment. The new content was the outcome of changes in perceived obligations due to pandemic. The nomological study found that supervisor support had a positive impact on the content of the psychological contract and fulfillment/breach of the psychological contract. Further, it was found that the new content of psychological contract was impacting more on well-being and innovative behavior than the traditional psychological contract.Research limitations/implicationsIn the new normal era, the working style and patterns have changed. Thus, it was important to capture changes in perceived obligations and employees' perception regarding to which extent their organizations were able to meet these altered perceived obligations. The study has direct implications for the practitioners as the revised psychological contract scale enlisted the perceived obligations of the employee and the extent to which these obligations were fulfilled by the employer. The study is also helpful in developing new normal HR policies and practices in the organization.Originality/valueThe study is original as it creates a new scale to measure the content of psychological contract and fulfillment/breach of psychological contract during new normal.
Shortening the distance between firms for M&A: the influence of small-world network structure on mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Barros Thiago de Sousa , Cárdenas Julián , Hott Ariane Ribeiro 
Published: September 2022

PurposeA small-world network is a type of network structure in which nodes are highly clustered and at short distances without being directly linked. This article analyzes whether the network of interlocking directorates among the largest Brazilian corporations follows a small-world network structure and if the small-world properties (high clustering and short distance between nodes) influence the occurrence of M&A at the domestic and international level.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested hypotheses regarding the relationship between small-world network properties and M&A based on a sample of large publicly-listed corporations in Brazil for the time series of 2000–2015 and using network analysis and regression techniques (probit and OLS).FindingsThe results show that while the Brazilian corporate network fits the small-world features of high clustering and short path lengths, only the distance among connected firms has a significant effect on international M&A: the shorter the distance between firms, the more likely firms undertake M&A abroad. Moreover, being integrated into the main component has a significant positive effect on national and international M&A. These findings suggest that the information and knowledge to undertake M&A can be better acquired by belonging to large business communities and not local cohesive clusters.Originality/valueThis research contributes to theories and ongoing debates about the network effects on organizational decisions and the determinants of M&A in emerging markets. In addition, this is the first study to analyze the impact of small-world networks on international M&A while controlling for country-level variables.
Supply chain risk management strategies in normal and abnormal times: policymakers' role in reducing generic medicine shortages
Authors: Ahlqvist Victoria , Dube Nonhlanhla , Jahre Marianne , Lee Jin Soo , Melaku Tsegaye , Moe Andreas Farstad , Olivier Max , Selviaridis Kostas , Viana Joe , Aardal Christine 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThis paper links supply chain risk management to medicine supply chains to explore the role of policymakers in employing supply chain risk management strategies (SCRMS) to reduce generic medicine shortages.Design/methodology/approachUsing secondary data supplemented with primary data, the authors map and compare seven countries' SCRMS for handling shortage risks in their paracetamol supply chains before and during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.FindingsConsistent with recent research, the study finds that policymakers had implemented few SCRMS specifically for responding to disruptions caused by COVID-19. However, shortages were largely avoided since multiple strategies for coping with business-as-usual disruptions had been implemented prior to the pandemic. The authors did find that SCRMS implemented during COVID-19 were not always aligned with those implemented pre-pandemic. The authors also found that policymakers played both direct and indirect roles.Research limitations/implicationsCombining longitudinal secondary data with interviews sheds light on how, regardless of the level of preparedness during normal times, SCRMS can be leveraged to avert shortages in abnormal times. However, the problem is highly complex, which warrants further research.Practical implicationsSupply chain professionals and policymakers in the healthcare sector can use the findings when developing preparedness and response plans.Social implicationsThe insights developed can help policymakers improve the availability of high-volume generic medicines in (ab)normal times.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to prior SCRM research in two ways. First, the authors operationalize SCRMS in the medicine supply chain context in (ab)normal times, thereby opening avenues for future research on SCRM in this context. Second, the authors develop insights on the role policymakers play and how they directly implement and indirectly influence the adoption of SCRMS. Based on the study findings, the authors develop a framework that captures the diverse roles of policymakers in SCRM.
Feeling race in the social studies classroom: a self-study
Authors: Reidel Michelle , Salinas Cinthia 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this self-study is to investigate how critically examining our emotions as social studies teacher educators (SSTEs) can inform practice and further the project of moving race from the margins of social studies curricula.Design/methodology/approachThis self-study's design includes the use of multiple data collection methods and continuous dialogue with Chris who served as Macy's critical friend. The authors independently analyzed the data following the same procedure with each data set and then utilized a constant comparative method to reconcile our coding.FindingsThe findings point to the importance of critical emotional reflexivity in any effort to reposition race as central rather than peripheral to teaching and learning social studies content.Originality/valueThis study is not under review with another journal.
Thomas Cook: flightpath to failure
Authors: Smith Susan 
Published: September 2022

Theoretical basis
To evaluate Thomas Cook’s financial condition, students deploy financial analysis techniques including comparative analysis. The role of financial reporting in impressions management is considered in two respects: firstly, the use of separately disclosed items by companies; and secondly, the treatment of goodwill on acquisition.

Research methodology
The case draws on a range of public data from Annual Reports and secondary sources including the Department of Business Energy and Industrial Strategy investigation into the failure of Thomas Cook.

Case overview/synopsis
Thomas Cook Group plc’s (Thomas Cook) was one of the oldest travel firms, yet its apparently sudden failure on 23 September 2019 left 600,000 holidaymakers stranded and sparked the largest ever peacetime repatriation of British citizens at cost of £83m to the Department of Transport. Around 9,000 employees who had expected to be paid on 30 September were left unpaid.Could CEO Peter Frankhauser have addressed the challenges faced by Thomas Cook more effectively during his tenure or was the company locked into a flightpath to failure? The case highlights the importance of context when performing financial analysis and encourages students to evaluate the challenges posed by the current standards related to accounting for goodwill and corporate reporting of underlying performance.

Complexity academic level
This case can be used in undergraduate financial reporting and current issues in accounting courses/modules at the postgraduate level.
Evolutionary history constrains heat tolerance of native and exotic tropical Zingiberales
Authors: Hernández Georgia G. , Perez Timothy M. , Vargas Oscar M. , Kress W. John , Molina‐Bravo Ramón , Cordero Roberto A. , Seemann Jeffrey R. , García‐Robledo Carlos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTropical wet forest plants experience relatively stable temperatures throughout the year. However, tropical forests represent a mosaic of habitats characterized by different temperatures. Heat tolerances are expected to be adapted to temperatures specific to their habitats. Although heat tolerance of species sharing similar environments is expected to be similar, it is also possible that heat tolerance is constrained by evolutionary history because closely related species usually display similar physiologies. When exotic species are introduced to novel communities, colonization may be facilitated by their previous adaptation to high temperatures and other physiological, genetic and demographic traits, which may grant them some competitive advantage. Increasing temperatures may represent a strong environmental filter affecting community assembly, and higher heat tolerances could facilitate the persistence of exotic species in novel environments.Using a community of 32 native and 7 exotic Zingiberales species from different tropical habitats in Costa Rica, Central America, we aim to answer the following questions: (a) does evolutionary history constrain heat tolerance? (b) do plants in the same habitat display similar heat tolerances? (c) do the heat tolerances of exotic species differ from those of native species?We measured temperature‐dependent changes in photosynthetic fluorescence to determine the temperature at which the first sign of damage to photosystem II is observed (T15), and the temperature at which the fluorescence of photosystem II is reduced by 50% (T50). Using a community phylogeny, we tested for phylogenetic signal inT15andT50. In addition, we tested for differences in heat tolerance among Zingiberales from old growth, secondary forests and open areas, as well as between native and exotic species.Our results support (a) a significant phylogenetic signal (Pagel'sλ) for bothT15andT50, (b) communities from open areas displayed similar photosynthetic heat tolerance compared to species from old growth and secondary forests, and (c) exotic Zingiberales are marginally tolerant to high temperatures than native species, but only forT15. Our results suggest that evolutionary history constraints heat responses of native and exotic Zingiberales in a warming world.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
The effects of inbreeding depression and pollinator visitation on the maintenance of herkogamy in Oxalis corniculata, a species derived from a heterostylous ancestor
Authors: Hoshino Yusuke , Hoshino Minori , Yoshioka Kazuki , Washio Tsubasa , Nakamura Makoto , Maki Masayuki , Dohzono Ikumi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe evolutionary transition from outcrossing in heterostylous morphs to selfing in homostylous morphs has occurred in many plant lineages. Homostylous variants with a low degree of herkogamy may increase the reproductive advantage of autonomous self‐pollination when there is little inbreeding depression and/or low pollinator visitation. Oxalis corniculata, a self‐compatible perennial herb derived from a tristylous ancestor, is reported to have two floral morphs. Homostyled plants are broadly distributed in Japan, whereas long‐styled plants are reported to occur only in coastal areas. We examined the hypothesis that a reproductive advantage in avoiding inbreeding depression and/or frequent pollinator visits enables long‐styled plants to live in some areas. Studies on floral variation revealed that the degree of herkogamy varied widely and continuously within and among populations. Homostyled and long‐styled morphs were functionally defined based on the ability of autonomous self‐pollination. Homostyled plants were widely distributed, whereas long‐styled plants were found in and around the two coastal populations and relatively inland populations. Pollination experiments provided no evidence of inbreeding depression in either homostyled or long‐styled plants. Pollinator visitation frequency was higher in the two coastal populations than in the other populations. Thus, reproductive disadvantage in long‐styled plants lacking autonomous self‐pollination has reduced in the two coastal populations, and long‐styled plants may be maintained due to a competitive advantage of large seed size. In contrast, we recorded no comparable frequencies of pollinator visitation in other populations containing long‐styled plants, indicating that there are other factors contributing to the maintenance of long‐styled plants in these areas.
Evidence of a selective and bi‐directional relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal and bacterial communities co‐inhabiting plant roots
Authors: Lastovetsky Olga A. , Caruso Tancredi , Brennan Fiona P. , Wall David P. , McMahon Sean , Doyle Evelyn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide plants with vital mineral nutrients and co‐exist inside the roots alongside a complex community of bacterial endophytes. These co‐existing AMF and bacterial root communities have been studied individually and are known to be influenced in structure by different environmental parameters. However, the extent to which they are affected by environmental parameters and by each other is completely unknown. The current study addressed this knowledge gap by characterising AMF and bacterial communities inside plant roots from a natural and an agricultural ecosystem. Using multivariate modelling, the relative contribution of environmental parameters in structuring the two communities was quantified at different spatial scales. Using this model, it was possible to then remove the contribution of environmental parameters and show that the co‐existing AMF and bacterial communities were significantly correlated with each other, explaining up to 36% of each other's variance. Notably, this was not due to the presence of know AMF endobacteria, as removal of endobacterial reads maintained the significance of correlation. These findings provide the first empirical evidence of a selective and bi‐directional relationship between AMF and bacteria co‐inhibiting plant roots and indicate that a significant fraction of this covariation is due to biological and ecological interactions between them.
The valiant battle: from chaos to integration
Authors: Ravitz Liza J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe birth of a new sibling can create a state of inner chaos for the first born. Conflict, aggression and regression often occur as the replaced child adjusts to his loss of exclusivity. This paper describes a short analytic sandplay case of a 5‐year‐old boy manifesting anger and anxiety as the birth of his new sibling approached. Throughout this individuation process, a fluid back and forth movement occurred from regression to progression, and from deintegration to reintegration (Fordham 1988), as he advanced from the regressed Uroboric phase of development, forward to the age‐appropriate phase of the Patriarche (Neumann 1990). As he grieved the loss of his exclusive status, Roy worked with his aggressive feelings towards his mother and the new baby, as well as with his feelings of despair. This process developed in the context of a positive maternal transference which allowed for both moments of deep resonance, states of participation mystique, and moments of projected rage and aggression towards the ‘abandoning mother’. His work in analysis resulted in an opening of the ego‐Self axis, a solidifying of the depressive position, and a movement forward in development. At the end of treatment, an initiatory process into the realm of the ‘Father’ was activated. Roy’s symptoms had diminished and he was ready to leave the regressive pull of the Great Mother and move out into the world of peers, with a strengthened ego and an expanded sense of self.