bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution using polystyrene grafted with zeolite
Authors: Elhefnawy O.A. , Elabd A.A. 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to prepare Polystyrene grafted with Zeolite Y (Zeosty) for Uranyl ion [U(VI)] adsorption from aqueous solution. The adsorption mechanism has been explained by studying kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic models.

Design/methodology/approach
Polystyrene was grafted with Zeosty by a simple hydrothermal technique. Zeosty was characterized by different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray and Infrared spectroscopy to confirm its structure and its molecular composition. Zeosty was used for U(VI) adsorption from an aqueous solution in a series of batch experiments. The effects of pH, contact time, initial U(VI) concentration and temperature on the adsorption process were investigated.

Findings
The results showed that the adsorption of U(VI) on the prepared reached equilibrium at pH 6 with a removal efficiency of 98.9%. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms models are studied on the experimental data to estimate the mechanism of the adsorption reaction was chemisorption and homogenous reaction. The activity of Zeosty increased at high temperatures, resulting in the adsorption capacity increase. Thermodynamic parameters ΔGo, ΔHo and ΔSo indicate that the adsorption processes are spontaneous and endothermic. Zeosty has an effective surface and could be considered a valuable adsorbent for U(VI) removal from aqueous waste. A comparison study proves that the new adsorbent has high effective behavior in the adsorption process, and it is considered a new reliable adsorbent for U(VI) removal from wastewater.

Originality/value
This study is complementary to the previous study using the same technique to prove that the effective fine particle adsorbents need solid support to enhance their absorption capacities.
The Relational Dimension of Feedback Interactions: A Study of Early Feedback Meetings Between Entrepreneurs and Potential Mentors
Authors: van Werven Ruben , Cornelissen Joep , Bouwmeester Onno 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurs’ responses to feedback are in part determined by how the interactions during which they receive it unfold. Prior studies primarily discuss feedback interactions between entrepreneurs and their mentors or trusted advisors. As a result of this focus on longstanding relationships, there is limited knowledge of ‘early’ meetings – conversations between feedback providers and entrepreneurs who do not know each other well – and the ways in which these shape the relationship between the interactants, as well as the way feedback is received. Our analysis of 54 early feedback interactions suggests that changes in epistemic stance and alignment influence whether there is affiliation, that is, affective cooperation, between entrepreneurs and feedback providers. We theorize that affiliation is necessary for early feedback interactions to develop into longstanding feedback relationships.
Use of papaverine in harvesting internal mammary graft in coronary artery bypass grafting: An update
Authors: Jannati Mansour 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft is the main arterial graft that is used in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The spasm of LIMA is a complication that frequently occurs while harvesting the LIMA and may lead to morbidity and mortality in patients after CABG. Clinically, papaverine is the most frequently used vasodilator. In this review, we evaluated the administration of papaverine in IMA grafts during CABG. It was shown that administration of papaverine into the LIMA improves the blood flow and abolishes vasospasm of the LIMA. Moreover, the intraluminal and perivascular administrations of papaverine are more effective than topical administration. Higher concentrations of papaverine should be used with caution because it may lead to endothelial damage.
YouTube as a source of information on systemic sclerosis
Authors: Unal‐Ulutatar Cagri , Ulutatar Firat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimYouTube is a popular online platform which patients and healthcare professionals often use to obtain information. However, the reliability and quality of videos on systemic sclerosis are not known.MethodWe searched for the key words “systemic sclerosis” and “scleroderma” on YouTube. Features of videos such as the number of views and duration of videos were noted. The reliability and quality of videos were assessed with the modified DISCERN and Global Quality Scale (GQS), respectively. The videos were divided into three categories: useful, misleading and patient experiences. The videos were assessed according to these categories and their quality.ResultsA total of 200 videos listed by relevance were screened and 115 videos which met the inclusion criteria were analyzed further. Eighty‐four (73%) of the 115 videos were useful, 20 (17.4%) were misleading, and 11 (9.6%) were patients' experiences. Useful videos had higher DISCERN and GQS scores compared to misleading videos and videos that contain patient experiences (P < 0.001). High‐quality videos were mostly uploaded by academic institutions/professional organizations or physicians.ConclusionsThe majority of YouTube videos have useful information on scleroderma and are important educational sources for both patients and physicians. However, patients in particular should be aware that videos might include advertisements and misleading information.
Trends in hospital presentations following analytically confirmed synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist exposure before and after implementation of the 2016 UK Psychoactive Substances Act
Authors: Craft Sam , Dunn Michael , Vidler Dan , Officer Jane , Blagbrough Ian S. , Pudney Christopher R. , Henderson Graeme , Abouzeid Ahmed , Dargan Paul I. , Eddleston Michael , Cooper Jamie , Hill Simon L. , Roper Clair , Freeman Tom P. , Thomas Simon H. L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsThe United Kingdom (UK) Psychoactive Substances Act (PSA), implemented on the 26th May 2016, made the production, supply and sale of all non‐exempted psychoactive substances illegal. The aim of this study was to measure trends in hospital presentations for severe toxicity following analytically confirmed synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist (SCRA) exposure before and after implementation of the PSA.DesignObservational study.SettingThirty‐four hospitals across the UK participating in the Identification of Novel Psychoactive Substances (IONA) study.ParticipantsA total of 627 (79.9% male) consenting individuals who presented to participating hospitals between July 2015 and December 2019 with severe acute toxicity and suspected novel psychoactive substances exposure.MeasurementsToxicological analyses of patient samples were conducted using liquid‐chromatography tandem mass‐spectrometry. Time‐series analysis was conducted on the monthly number of patients with and without analytically confirmed SCRA exposure using Poisson segmented regression.FindingsSCRAs were detected in 35.7% (n = 224) of patients. After adjusting for seasonality and the number of active sites, models showed no clear evidence of an upward or downward trend in the number of SCRA exposure cases in the period before (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.12; 95% CI, 0.99–1.26; P = 0.068) or after (IRR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94–1.01; P = 0.202) the implementation of the PSA. There was also no clear evidence of an upward or downward trend in non‐SCRA exposure cases before (IRR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.98–1.27; P = 0.105) or after (IRR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.98–1.04; P = 0.478) implementation of the PSA.ConclusionsThere is no clear evidence of an upward or downward trend in the number of patients presenting to UK hospitals with severe acute toxicity following analytically confirmed synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist exposure since the implementation of the Psychoactive Substances Act.
High rates of resumption of injecting drug use following release from prison among men who injected drugs before imprisonment
Authors: Curtis Michael , Winter Rebecca J. , Dietze Paul , Wilkinson Anna L. , Cossar Reece D. , Stewart Ashleigh C. , Agius Paul A. , Butler Tony , Aitken Campbell , Kirwan Amy , Walker Shelley , Stoové Mark 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo estimate incidence of post‐release injecting drug use (IDU) among men who injected drugs before imprisonment and determine factors associated with post‐release IDU frequency.Design, setting, participantsProspective cohort study of men reporting monthly IDU before a period of sentenced imprisonment in Victoria, Australia, recruited between September 2014 and May 2016 (n = 195).MeasurementsAny post‐release IDU and IDU frequency was measured via self‐report at 3‐month follow‐up interview. IDU frequency, measured over the preceding month, was categorised as no IDU, irregular IDU (1–4 days IDU) and regular IDU (≥5 days IDU). Incidence of any IDU was calculated at 3 months post‐release. Factors associated with IDU frequency were estimated using ordinal logistic regression.FindingsMost (83%) participants reported post‐release IDU (265 per 100 person‐years, 95% CI, 227–309); with half (48%) reporting regular IDU, 23% irregular IDU and 29% no IDU in the month preceding follow‐up. Poorer psychological well‐being at follow‐up (General Health Questionnaire [GHQ‐12] score; adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07–1.29) and post‐release unemployment (AOR, 4.57; 95% CI, 1.67–12.49) were associated with increased IDU frequency. Retention in opioid agonist treatment (AOR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.24–0.98) was associated with reduced IDU frequency. Non‐linear (inverted‐u) associations between IDU frequency and age (age: AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.17–1.96; age‐squared: AOR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–0.99) and pre‐imprisonment IDU frequency (pre‐imprisonment IDU frequency: AOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.15–1.61; pre‐imprisonment IDU frequency‐squared: AOR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–0.99) were found, with odds peaking at age 39 and 19 days IDU, respectively. Longer baseline sentence length was associated with reduced odds of irregular and regular IDU (AOR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.99–0.99).ConclusionAmong Australian men who inject drugs before imprisonment, resumption of injecting drug use after release from prison appears to be common, with imprisonment seeming to have little impact on reducing injecting drug use behaviour.
Experimental burns in an open savanna: Greater fuel loads result in hotter fires
Authors: Zupo Talita , Gorgone‐Barbosa Elizabeth , Ninno Rissi Mariana , Daibes Luis Felipe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFire is a main disturbance structuring vegetation worldwide, but few studies have addressed differences in time since last fire and its relationship to fuel load characteristics and fire behavior in Neotropical savannas. We aimed to investigate fire behavior in a Cerrado open savanna of Central Brazil by conducting prescribed fires in areas with different fire‐free intervals: one year (FI‐1), two years (FI‐2), and four years (FI‐4). Specifically, we evaluated (1) the amount of live, dead, and total biomass (components of the fuel load); (2) fire behavior, including fire temperatures in three different heights (1 cm belowground, on the soil surface, and 50 cm aboveground), fire duration, residence time, fire intensity, rate of spread, and flame height; and (3) the relationship between soil heating, fuels, and fire by identifying the most important parameters driving soil heating. Total and dead fuel loads were greater in areas with longer fire‐free intervals in comparison with areas burned the previous year, with the greatest increment to the fuel bed occurring in the first two years after fire. Greater fuel loads (consequently greater dead fuel loads) resulted in differences in belowground soil heating (‐1 cm), where temperatures varied from 39 to 82°C in FI‐2 plots and from 40 to 131°C in FI‐4 plots; in FI‐1 plots temperatures belowground varied from 29 to 68°C. Temperatures on the soil surface and 50 cm aboveground were also greater in plots with longer fire‐free intervals, reaching over 400°C on the soil surface and exceeding 500°C 50 cm aboveground. Finally, amount of dead fuel was the best predictor of belowground soil heating, highlighting the importance of fuel loads, which is a key factor to be monitored in fire management plans of Cerrado open savannas.
Cost analysis of index versus delayed cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in a New Zealand Provincial Centre
Authors: Srikumar Gajan , McGuinness Matthew James , Kau Niki , Wells Cameron , Harmston Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence suggests index cholecystectomy (IC) in patients with acute cholecystitis is safe, has decreased hospital stay and is cheaper than delayed cholecystectomy (DC). Costs of cholecystectomy have not previously been investigated in New Zealand. The aim of this study was to compare cost of IC with DC for patients with acute cholecystitis.MethodsA retrospective analysis of adults admitted to Northland hospitals with acute cholecystitis between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019 who underwent subsequent cholecystectomy, was performed. Actual patient‐level costs were utilized for cost comparison between IC and DC. Factors associated with increased costs were assessed using multivariate analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and eleven patients were included in the study; 72 (34%) underwent IC and 139 (65%) DC. There was no significant difference in total cost for IC ($12 767) versus DC ($12 029) (p = 0.192); this persisted on multivariate analysis. Patients having IC had more severe cholecystitis, and 90‐day representation rate following DC was 35%. Costs were increased by severity of cholecystitis, age, American Society of Anesthesiology score (ASA) and travel distance.ConclusionThis study showed there is no significant difference in cost between IC and DC for patients with acute cholecystitis in Northland, New Zealand. Severity, increasing age, ASA and travel distance were drivers of costs. To recognize the cost benefits of IC, it is likely that increased rates of IC are needed.
Recurrence patterns predict survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Wong Geoffrey Yuet Mun , Mol Barend , Bhimani Nazim , de Reuver Philip , Diakos Connie , Molloy Mark P. , Hugh Thomas J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEffective treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is challenging because recurrence occurs in many patients after curative‐intent resection. This study evaluates the recurrence patterns after resection of CRLM and its association with survival.MethodsA retrospective review of prospectively collected data of patients with CRLM managed with curative‐intent resection from January 2007 to December 2017 was performed. The main outcomes and measures were the timing of recurrence, initial sites of recurrence, overall survival and recurrence‐free survival. Early recurrence was defined as the detection of any organ recurrence ≤6 months from resection of CRLM.ResultsA cohort of 194 patients was included for analysis. After a median follow‐up of 85.3 months, 145 patients (74.7%) were diagnosed with recurrence. The median overall survival was 67.6 months (95% CI 50.4–80.2) and the 5‐year overall survival was 54.1%. After initial recurrence was detected, the median survival was 28.9 months (95% CI 23.6–37.8) months and the 5‐year overall survival was 28.8%. Early recurrence occurred in 58 patients (29.9%). Initial recurrence patterns included: liver only in 53 patients (36.5%), multiple sites in 48 patients (33.1%), lung only in 30 patients (20.7%), and other single extrahepatic sites in 14 patients (9.6%). Early recurrence and initial multi‐site recurrence were independent predictors of worse overall survival for patients who develop recurrence after resection of CLRM.ConclusionThe timing and initial sites of recurrence are prognostic factors in determining survival after curative‐intent resection of CRLM.
Receiving feedback after posting status updates on social networking sites predicts lower loneliness: A mediated moderation model
Authors: Sun Peng , Xing Lu , Wu Junhui , Kou Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPeople are increasingly relying on social networking sites (SNSs) to satisfy their needs for relatedness. However, the psychological benefits of receiving others' feedback on SNSs remain relatively understudied. To fill this research gap, the present research examined whether and how others' feedback to one's status updates on WeChat Moments (i.e. the most popular SNS in China) affects loneliness. A correlational study (N = 261) and an experimental study (N = 412) conducted among Chinese university students indicated that receiving more (vs. less) feedback in the forms of “likes” and “comments” predicted lower loneliness, and this effect was explained by a higher sense of social connectedness. However, receiving feedback only elicited higher social connectedness and thus lower loneliness among participants with high public self‐consciousness, but this effect was not significant among those with low public self‐consciousness. These findings extend the research on SNS use and loneliness by providing new insights into the underlying psychological mechanisms and have important practical implications for SNS developers and users in terms of how to design and use SNSs to better satisfy different users' psychological needs.
Real‐Time FE Simulation for Large‐Scale Problems Using Precondition‐Based Contact Resolution and Isolated DOFs Constraints
Authors: Zeng Z. , Cotin S. , Courtecuisse H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a fast method to compute large‐scale problems in real‐time finite element simulations in the presence of contact and friction. The approach uses a precondition‐based contact resolution that performs a Cholesky decomposition at low frequency. On exploiting the sparsity in assembled matrices, we propose a reduced and parallel computation scheme to address the expensive computation of the Schur‐complement arisen by detailed mesh and accurate contact response. An efficient GPU‐based solver is developed to parallelise the computation, making it possible to provide real‐time simulations in the presence of coupled constraints for contact and friction response. In addition, the pre‐conditioner is updated at low frequency, implying reuse of the factorised system. To benefit a further speedup, we propose a strategy to share the resolution information between consecutive time steps. We evaluate the performance of our method in different contact applications and compare it with typical approaches on CPU and GPU.
Perspectives of socioeconomically disadvantaged parents on their children's coping during COVID‐19: Implications for practice
Authors: Seivwright Ami N. , Callis Zoe , Flatau Paul R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDisruptions caused by COVID‐19 have the potential to create long‐term negative impacts on children's well‐being and development, especially among socioeconomically disadvantaged children. However, we know little about how socioeconomically disadvantaged families are coping with the pandemic, nor the types of support needed. This study presents qualitative analysis of responses to an open‐ended question asking parents how children are coping with the restrictions associated with COVID‐19, to identify areas in which these cohorts can be supported. Four main themes were identified: health concerns, schooling difficulties, social isolation and adjustment to restrictions. Health concerns included exacerbation of pre‐existing health conditions, fear about the virus, difficulty getting children to understand the pandemic and increased sedentary behaviour. Schooling difficulties referred to the challenges of home schooling, which were behavioural (e.g. difficulty concentrating) and logistical (e.g. technology). Social isolation, expressed as missing friends, family and/or institutions was common. Finally, parents expressed that children experienced both positive adjustments to restrictions, such as spending more time with family, and negative adjustments such as increased screen time. Many responses from parents touched on topics across multiple themes, indicating a need for comprehensive, holistic assessment of children's and families' needs in the provision of support services. The content of the themes supports calls for resources to support children and families including increased financial and practical accessibility of social services, physical health and exercise support, mental health support and COVID‐19 communication guides.
Accounting for spatial heterogeneity in the added conservation value of land protection when prioritizing protected areas
Authors: Yoon Hyun Seok , Vijay Varsha , Armsworth Paul R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo combat biodiversity loss, there is increasing interest in safeguarding habitat by expanding protected areas. Given limited resources in conservation, organizations must invest in places that will add the greatest amount of value in species protection. To determine the added conservation value of protection, one needs to consider the level of human disturbance in areas that would result if they were left unprotected. In recent years, data resources have become available that reveal the spatial heterogeneity in human disturbance over large spatial extents worldwide. We investigated how accounting for heterogeneity in future disturbance in unprotected areas affects prioritization of protected areas by determining the added value offered by protection of different areas. We applied a complementarity‐based framework for protected area prioritization to select protected areas in the coterminous United States under different assumptions about the heterogeneity of future disturbance in unprotected areas. Prioritizing protected areas while incorrectly assuming spatially homogeneous disturbance in unprotected areas, a common assumption, led to a loss of 76% of possible conservation gain for a given budget. The conservation return on investment from protecting candidate areas was positively correlated (0.44) to future human disturbance in that area if it was left unprotected. Our results show that the ability to identify cost‐effective protected area networks depends on how one accounts for the ecological contribution of private lands that remain unprotected.