bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of soil particle density determined by a gas pycnometer using helium, nitrogen, and air
Authors: Amoozegar Aziz , Heitman Joshua L. , Kranz Christina N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoil particle density (ρs) is often assumed as 2.65 g cm−3 (density of quartz). The objectives of this study were to compare the use of different gases for determining ρs in a gas pycnometer and relate measured ρs to soil particle size distributions. The ρs of 36 natural soil samples representing 12 USDA textural classes, fine glass beads, crushed granite rock, kaolinite, and bentonite were measured by a commercial gas pycnometer using He, N2, and dry air. The ρs of 30 of the soil samples, glass beads, and crushed rock were also determined with a water pycnometer. The ρs of 36 soil samples determined by He and 30 samples determined by water had narrow ranges with averages of 2.65 and 2.59 g cm−3, respectively. The ρs determined by air and N2 had much wider ranges with averages of 2.93 and 2.97 g cm−3, respectively. There was a near 1:1 relationship between ρs of all samples determined by air and N2 with a highly significant (p < .001) correlation coefficient (r = .99). The average ratio of ρs determined by He and water was 1.03, but the correlation coefficient for their relationship was only .416. Although the relationship between ρs determined by He and either air or N2 was relatively strong (r < .61), the regression coefficient was <.17. There was a strong relationship between soil clay content and ρs determined by N2 or air but a weaker, yet statistically significant (p < .05) relationship when using He.
Effective stress intervention programs for parents of premature children: A systematic review
Authors: Martínez‐Shaw Melissa Liher , Sánchez‐Sandoval Yolanda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe birth of a child alters family dynamics and can be stressful for parents, especially in the case of prematurity. This article carried out a systematic review on interventions in parents to reduce the stress experienced by the birth of a premature infant. The aims were to describe and classify the different interventions and to have an overview of their effectiveness. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guide and the PICO model. For searching the bibliography, we used Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed and PsycINFO databases. From a total of 450 articles identified, this review finally included 46 studies with empirical evidence. The articles clustered into different types of interventions, such as psychoeducational and parental or maternal support programs, relaxation techniques, expressive writing, art therapy, music therapy and interventions related to interaction and tactile stimulation. There is a wide range of effectiveness in reducing parental stress to a greater or lesser degree. There is a great heterogeneity of interventions. Despite that, they all have a parental educational component that needs to be studied in greater depth.
Bitumen‐Derived Onion‐Like Soft Carbon as High‐Performance Potassium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Tan Wen , Wang Lina , Liu Kun , Lu Zhouguang , Yang Fan , Luo Guangfu , Xu Zhenghe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have been regarded as a competitive alternative for lithium‐ion batteries, owing to the natural abundance, low cost, and similar rocking‐chair working mechanism of potassium element. However, it is challenging to simultaneously prepare suitable potassium ion anode materials of low voltage plateau, high capacity, and long cycle life. In this work, onion‐like soft carbon (OLSC) of high heteroatom content is prepared by using solvent‐sensitive self‐assembly properties of asphaltene molecules. The OLSC electrode exhibits a low voltage plateau because of a high degree of graphitization. Meanwhile, it possesses excellent cycling stability and rate capability due to the high stability of the onion‐like structure and fast transport of potassium ions, the latter of which is caused by heteroatom‐induced expanded interlayers as found by first‐principle calculations. Compared with existing carbon materials, the OLSC synthesized in this study exhibits a high reversible capacity of 466 mAh g–1 at 20 mA g–1, a reversible capacity of 222 mAh g–1 and capacity retention of 95% after 1600 cycles at 1 A g–1. This work connects the nanostructure of carbon materials and electrochemical performance and provides new insights in improving carbon‐based anodes for PIBs.
Organizational training in agile settings under the lens of CMMI V2.0
Authors: Henriquez Valeria , Moreno Ana M. , Gutiérrez Sabrina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe software industry is a dynamic and ever‐changing environment where knowledge dissemination and ongoing learning is an open challenge, especially in agile organizations where continuous learning is essential. Organizational training covers the set of activities that drive this learning process and is one of the process areas of process improvement models like CMMI. In this paper, we discuss how the organizational training activity has been carried out at agile organizations under the lens of CMMI V2.0. In other words, we use the CMMI‐DEV V2.0 Organizational Training practices to provide an overview of how agile organizations plan, perform, and assess their training activities as part of their continuous learning process. Existing literature primarily discusses the techniques used to train and retrain employees. However, there is little evidence on how to plan training, how to assure alignment with the organization's strategic and tactical goals, and how to evaluate the effectiveness of training, which are very important challenges in the organizational training process. The paper concludes by presenting eight valuable insights identified by this research and matching them up with the CMMI‐DEV V2.0 Organizational Training practices.
The first edrioasteroid echinoderm from the lower Cambrian Chengjiang biota of Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Zhao Jun , Rahman Imran A. , Zamora Samuel , Chen Ailin , Cong Peiyun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUntil now, the earliest fossil echinoderms have been predominantly known from the early Cambrian of Laurentia and West Gondwana. Here, we describe Sprinkleoglobus extenuatus gen. et sp. nov. from the Chengjiang biota (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) of Yunnan Province, China. The overall profile of the theca and the morphology of the ambulacra clearly establish it as an edrioasteroid echinoderm. This represents the first discovery of an unequivocal echinoderm from the early part of the Cambrian of South China and is among the oldest records of echinoderms globally. Our material shows that edrioasteroids were diverse and widely distributed from their first occurrence in the fossil record, suggesting an earlier origin for the group. We infer that Sprinkleoglobus and other early echinoderms were adapted for attaching to hard substrates, implying that the so‐called Cambrian substrate revolution was not a strong control on the early evolution of attachment in echinoderms.
Fragility analysis of existing prestressed concrete bridges under traffic loads according to new Italian guidelines
Authors: Miluccio Giacomo , Losanno Daniele , Parisi Fulvio , Cosenza Edoardo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAfter the 2018 collapse of Morandi highway bridge in Genova, new Italian guidelines (GL) were issued for prioritization of safety evaluations and retrofit interventions on existing bridges. Among several novelties, GL introduced new traffic load models (TLMs) which can be adopted for existing bridges in case of noncompliant safety checks according to the Italian building code (NTC) provisions. In this study, a class of simply supported, beam‐type, prestressed concrete bridge decks built between 1970 and 1980 in Italy is considered. Assuming geometric, material, and load random variables together with consideration of capacity model uncertainty, Monte Carlo sampling technique was implemented in MATLAB in order to randomly generate deck models and to evaluate their traffic‐load fragility. Fragility analysis was carried out to compare vulnerability levels of existing Italian bridges under different load patterns provided by GL and NTC. In addition to a prescribed TLM, the sensitivity of fragility to bridge usage limitations, such as reduced distance of external load lane from kerb or reduced number of lanes, was also quantified to support decision‐making by road management companies. In the final part of the study, the annual failure probability of selected bridges was estimated using a European weigh‐in‐motion database and convolution of fragility and hazard. Analysis results show that structural fragility significantly depends on the load pattern, indicating that more realistic vehicle models should be developed to achieve a target safety level conforming to modern codes for constructions.
Enhancing science performance of middle‐school students with and without developmental and behavioral‐based disabilities using the Content Acquisition Podcast Professional Development approach
Authors: VanUitert Victoria J. , Kennedy Michael J. , Peeples Katherine N. , Romig John Elwood , Mathews Hannah M. , Rodgers Wendy J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnderstanding science allows students with and without developmental and behavioral‐based (DB) disabilities to better appreciate the world around them as well as prepare them for the growing science‐related job market. However, students in the United States consistently underperform on science achievement tests compared to students from other nations. This underperformance could be attributed, in part to science having many specialized vocabulary terms that are not often taught explicitly, leaving students with incomplete or inaccurate understandings of word meanings. Improving science vocabulary instructional practices may support students with and without DB disabilities in enhancing their science achievement. To address this need, researchers implemented multicomponent multimedia professional development (PD) to support middle‐school science teachers in delivering high‐quality vocabulary instruction in inclusive settings. In this paper, data collected from a study evaluating the efficacy of the PD were analyzed to determine the influence on student outcomes using ANOVA and multilevel modeling methodologies. Though initial results indicate a promising impact on teacher instructional practices, little is known whether teacher participation in the PD affected student science vocabulary and content knowledge growth. Using multilevel modeling, student science knowledge growth was evaluated following their teachers' exposure to the PD. The findings from this study indicate having indirect exposure to PD had a positive effect on science content knowledge for students with and without DB disabilities (N = 980). In addition, the authors found students with DB disabilities whose teachers had access to PD showed a larger gain in science knowledge than general education students whose teachers did not have access to the PD.
Definition of mild to moderate ulcerative colitis in clinical trials: A systematic literature review
Authors: Caron Bénédicte , Jairath Vipul , D’Amico Ferdinando , Paridaens Kristine , Magro Fernando , Danese Silvio , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe performed a systematic review to investigate the definition of mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis (UC), and to describe predictors of good response to treatment in clinical trials assessing 5‐ASA and/or budesonide. Thirty‐nine randomized controlled trials were included. The UC Disease Activity Index (UCDAI) was the most frequent score used for defining mild to moderate active UC (16 studies, 41%), followed by Clinical Activity Index in 11 studies (28.2%). Four different cut‐offs were used to define mild to moderate active UC using the UCDAI. The most frequently reported predictors of good response to treatment was a mild and moderate disease activity. There is heterogeneity in the definition of mild to moderate active UC in randomized clinical trials. A standardized definition of mild to moderate active UC used for inclusion of patients in clinical trials is needed.
Extracapsular stabilization for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in a ferret
Authors: Griffeuille Emilien , Ronot Pierre , Fragano Brunilde , Gibert Sophie , Dunié‐Mérigot Antoine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 1‐year‐old, male, neutered ferret was presented with a history of 2 weeks of left hindlimb lameness. Orthopaedic exam and radiographs were consistent with a complete cranial cruciate ligament rupture. An extracapsular stabilization was performed. Progressive lameness improvement was observed during the first 15 days after surgery and a complete resolution was achieved 3 weeks after surgery. Twenty‐one months after surgery, no lameness or recurrence was reported and moderate osteoarthritis developed at radiographic follow‐up. This is the first case of surgical management of cranial cruciate ligament in a ferret with long‐term follow‐up. Even if this disease is rarely reported in this species, cranial cruciate ligament should be included in differential diagnosis of ferret's hindlimb lameness. Surgical management is feasible and could be considered as an alternative to conservative management.
Stokes flow of Micropolar fluid beyond fluid sphere with slip condition
Authors: Kunche Vijaya Lakshmi , Meduri Phani Kumar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study is about the impact of the fluid motions of the micropolar fluids internally and externally of the fluid sphere with an interfacial slip condition using the analytic method. This enables to bring out solutions for the flow fields as indicated by the stream functions and the drag of the sphere. The work explores the possibilities of change in the slip and drag conditions and their evaluations are graphically proven. Apart from this, the study also identifies that the micropolar fluid flows beyond the Newtonian fluid sphere and vice versa by analyzing the stream functions and the drag of the sphere.
Optimized heat transport in Marangoni boundary layer flow of a magneto nanomaterial driven by an exponential interfacial temperature distribution
Authors: Mackolil Joby , Basavarajappa Mahanthesh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn a small boundary layer of the fluid interface, the temperature distribution deviates from being linear with the spatial coordinate and exhibits an exponential form. Hence, the Marangoni convective flow of a nanoliquid driven by an exponential interfacial temperature distribution is modeled in this study. Due to practical applicability, the working fluid is chosen to be ethylene glycol‐based magnesium oxide nanoliquid, which is modeled using experimentally estimated properties. In the system, the external effects of an inclined magnetism, thermal radiation, and an internal heat source are considered. Heat transport is rigorously analyzed using an empirical model, which is estimated using the robust response surface methodology (RSM) to find the optimal working conditions and to estimate the sensitivity. The modeled problem is simulated numerically using the finite difference‐based scheme and a parametric analysis is conducted to study the effect of magnetic field, inclination of magnetic field, radiation, and internal heat source parameters. The internal heat generation (increase of 0.94%) factor dominates the augmentation in the thermal field but at some distance, the thermal radiation factor has a predominant impact (58.99%). The inclination angle of the magnetic field has a prominent decremental impact on the velocity profile. Also, the radiative heat flux enhances the temperature profile. Optimal working conditions are estimated to be with a magnetic inclination of 10° and using a liquid with 0.25% volume fraction of 100 nm. This study finds applicability in crystal growth, drying silicon wafers, and heat exchangers.
Naturally small Yukawa couplings from trans-Planckian asymptotic safety
Authors: Kowalska Kamila , Pramanick Soumita , Sessolo Enrico Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In gauge-Yukawa systems embedded in the framework of trans-Planckian asymptotic safety we discuss the dynamical generation of arbitrarily small Yukawa couplings driven by the presence of a non-interactive infrared-attractive fixed point in the renormalization group flow. Additional ultraviolet-attractive fixed points guarantee that the theory remains well defined up to an infinitely high scale. We apply this mechanism to the Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model extended with right-handed neutrinos, finding that asymptotically safe solutions in agreement with the current experimental determination of the masses and mixing angles exist for Dirac neutrinos with normal mass ordering. We generalize the discussion by applying the same mechanism to a new-physics model with sterile-neutrino dark matter, where we generate naturally the feeble Yukawa interaction required to reproduce via freeze-in the correct relic abundance.
Spin relaxation rate for heavy quarks in weakly coupled QCD plasma
Authors: Hongo Masaru , Huang Xu-Guang , Kaminski Matthias , Stephanov Mikhail , Yee Ho-Ung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We compute the relaxation rate of the spin density of heavy quarks in a perturbative QCD plasma to leading-log order in the coupling constant g. The spin relaxation rate Γs in spin hydrodynamics is shown to be Γs ~ g4 log(1/g)T(T/M)2 in the heavy-quark limit T/M ≪ 1, which is smaller than the relaxation rate of other non- hydrodynamic modes by additional powers of T/M. We demonstrate three different methods to evaluate the spin relaxation rate: 1) the Green-Kubo formula in the spin hydrodynamic regime, 2) the spin density correlation function in the strict hydrodynamic limit, and 3) quantum kinetic theory of the spin distribution function in momentum space. We highlight the interesting differences between these methods, while they are ultimately connected to each other by the underlying Ward-Takahashi identity for the non-conserved spin density.
Exceptional moduli spaces for exceptional $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 3 theories
Authors: Kaidi Justin , Martone Mario , Zafrir Gabi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It is expected on general grounds that the moduli space of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 theories is of the form ℂ3r/Γ, with r the rank and Γ a crystallographic complex reflection group (CCRG). As in the case of Lie algebras, the space of CCRGs consists of several infinite families, together with some exceptionals. To date, no 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 theory with moduli space labelled by an exceptional CCRG (excluding Weyl groups) has been identified. In this work we show that the 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 theories proposed in [1], constructed via non-geometric quotients of type-$$ \mathfrak{e} $$
e
6d (2,0) theories, realize nearly all such exceptional moduli spaces. In addition, we introduce an extension of this construction to allow for twists and quotients by outer automorphism symmetries. This gives new examples of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 3 theories going beyond simple S-folds.
Factorizing hidden particle production rates
Authors: Klose Philipp 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A method is proposed to streamline the computation of hidden particle production rates by factorizing them into i) a model-independent SM contribution, and ii) a observable-independent hidden sector contribution. The SM contribution can be computed once for each observable and re-used for a wide array of hidden sector models, while the hidden sector contribution can be computed once for each model, and re-used for a wide array of observables. The SM contribution also facilitates extracting model independent constraints on hidden particle production. The method is compatible with effective field theory (EFT) and simplified model approaches. It is illustrated by factorizing the rate of charged kaon decays into a charged lepton and a number of hidden particles, and a single form factor Fℓ is found to parametrize the impact of general hidden sectors. We derive model-independent constraints for the form factor Fe that governs decays into positrons and hidden particles.
Unitarization of infinite-range forces: graviton-graviton scattering
Authors: Blas D. , Camalich J. Martín , Oller J. A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A method to unitarize the scattering amplitude produced by infinite-range forces is developed and applied to Born terms. In order to apply S-matrix techniques, based on unitarity and analyticity, we first derive an S-matrix free of infrared divergences. This is achieved by removing a divergent phase factor due to the interactions mediated by the massless particles in the crossed channels, a procedure that is related to previous formalisms to treat infrared divergences. We apply this method in detail by unitarizing the Born terms for graviton-graviton scattering in pure gravity and we find a scalar graviton-graviton resonance with vacuum quantum numbers (JPC = 0++) that we call the graviball. Remarkably, this resonance is located below the Planck mass but deep in the complex s-plane (with s the usual Mandelstam variable), so that its effects along the physical real s axis peak for values significantly lower than this scale. This implies that the corrections to the leading-order amplitude in the gravitational effective field theory are larger than expected from naive dimensional analysis for s around and above the peak position. We argue that the position and width of the graviball are reduced when including extra light fields in the theory. This could lead to phenomenological consequences in scenarios of quantum gravity with a large number of such fields or, in general, with a low-energy ultraviolet completion. We also apply this formalism to two non-relativistic potentials with exact known solutions for the scattering amplitudes: Coulomb scattering and an energy-dependent potential obtained from the Coulomb one with a zero at threshold. This latter case shares the same J = 0 partial-wave projected Born term as the graviton-graviton case, except for a global factor. We find that the relevant resonance structure of these examples is reproduced by our methods, which represents a strong indication of their robustness.
Type IIB at eight derivatives: insights from Superstrings, Superfields and Superparticles
Authors: Liu James T. , Minasian Ruben , Savelli Raffaele , Schachner Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study the non-linear structure of Type IIB eight-derivative couplings involving the metric and the complexified three-form G3. We show that, at the level of five-point string amplitudes, the kinematics in the maximally R-symmetry-violating sector is fully matched by standard superspace integrals and by superparticle amplitudes in M-theory on a two-torus. The latter approach is used to determine the complete effective action in this sector and to verify its invariance under SL(2, ℤ) duality. We further comment on the general structure of the higher-point kinematics. Compactifications to lower dimensions provide both tests for our results and the arena for their applications. We verify that K3 reductions are fully consistent with the constraints of six-dimensional supersymmetry, and derive the four-dimensional flux scalar potential and axion kinetic terms at order (α′)3 in Calabi-Yau threefold reductions.