bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing the Covariant Dirac Equation for the Electron or Proton Cores to the Gradients of a Single Wavefunction
Authors: Daywitt William C. 
Published: April 2022

The particle- and antiparticle-equations for the electron or proton cores are coupled Dirac equations, eachof which contains two wavefunctions. Without solving for the wavwfunctions explicitly, it is possible to decouple and solve the equations exactly and completely for the electron and proton cores in terms of a single wavefunctions’ gradients.
Calculations repeatedly demonstrate that the reduced Planck constant represents a particle or antiparticle spin coefficient.
Zawartość alkilorezorcynoli i aktywność inhibitorów trypsyny w rodach translokacyjnych żyta i komponentach rodzicielskich Secale cereale L. i Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy
Authors: Makarska Ewa , Gruszecka Daniela , Grądzielewska Agnieszka 
Published: April 2022

Materiał badań stanowiły 4 rody translokacyjne żyta odmiany Amilo, które otrzymano w wyniku zapylenia odmiany Amilo pyłkiem dzikiego gatunku Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy oraz komponenty rodzicielskie. Analizowano w ziarnie aktywność inhibitorów trypsyny i zawartość alkilorezorcynoli, zaliczanych do związków antyżywieniowych. Ziarniaki Dasypyrum villosum (L). P Candargy charakteryzowały się istotnie mniejszą aktywnością inhibitorów trypsyny (0,618 TUI/g) niż żyto (2,38 TUI/g). Aktywność antytrypsynowa w ekstraktach z ziarniaków wszystkich analizowanych rodów była istotnie większa (nawet kilkakrotnie) w porównaniu z komponentami rodzicielskimi. Z kolei największą zawartość alkilorezorcynoli spośród wszystkich badanych form stwierdzono, w Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy. W ziarniakach trzech badanych rodów translokacyjnych poziom tych związków był pośredni pomiędzy komponentami rodzicielskimi, a w jednym był niższy niż u obu form rodzicielskich.
Kiełkowanie zbóż w warunkach sąsiedztwa ziarniaków Avena fatua L. i Festuca rubra L. – aspekt allelopatyczny
Authors: MAJCHRZAK LESZEK 
Published: April 2022

The present studies were aimed at determining the allopathic interspecies interactions of weed grains from wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) on winter wheat and winter rye germination and seedling growth. Preliminary studies on inter-crop influences were done in a laboratory using developing dishes. Those tests allowed us to determine the allelopathic effect of the tested grain weed species on the germinating ability of seeds of other grain crop species as well as on the length of root, coleoptiles length, fresh and air dry matter of roots and coleoptiles. The results showed that the neighborhood of wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) decrease germinating ability of winter wheat by about 4% as compared to the pure stand. There was no inhibiting influence of the neighboring red fescue on wheat germinating ability. There was observed a negative influence of the tested weed species on winter rye germinating ability but a significant difference was only observed between control dishes and treatment with red fescue. The research showed that the neighbourhood of wild oats inhibited the length of coleoptile and root seeds of winter wheat and their fresh and air dry matter stronger than red fescue. Winter rye was more sensitive to the neighbourhood of red fescue than wild oats.
Pathology in Practice
Authors: Nepomuceno de Oliveira Mariana , de Jesus Clauceane , de Oliveira Firmino Millena , Pereira de Souza Almir , dos Santos Carneiro Rosileide , Flávio Medeiros Dantas Antônio , Noronha de Toledo Gabriela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists
First Report of Meloidogyne morocciensis Infecting Hops (Humulus lupulus)
Authors: Oza Eduardo France , Vieira Júnior José Olívio Lopes , dos Santos Millena Monteiro , Mangeiro Mariana Zandomênico , Pereira Renata Cunha , Souza Ricardo Moreira , de Souza Antônio Fernando , de Paiva Freitas Silverior 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Humulus lupulus (Cannabaceae) is a climbing herbaceous plant with perennial production, intended mainly for the brewing industry. H. lupulus is widely cultivated in temperate regions; hop cultivars have shown good adaptation in regions of Brazil. In a hop-growing area in São Mateus, the state of Espírito Santo, leaf wilting and galling of the root system was observed. Soil and root samples were taken to the laboratory and processed, and the nematodes extracted from the Meloidogyne genus were identified by morphology, morphometry, and biochemical analysis. According to the results, the species identified in the hop roots was Meloidogyne morocciensis. This is the first report of H. lupulus as host of M. morocciensis.
Soybean Cyst Nematode Population Development and Its Effect on Pennycress in a Greenhouse Study
Authors: Hoerning Cody , Chen Senyu , Frels Katherine , Wyse Donald , Wells Samantha , Anderson James 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Midwest crop production is dominated by two summer annual crops grown in rotation, viz., corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.). Winter oilseed crops, such as pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.), can provide ecosystem and economic benefits when added to the corn–soybean rotation. However, adding a new crop adds risks, such as increased pest pressure. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate population development of three soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) biotypes on three pennycress genotypes and susceptible soybean and (ii) determine whether SCN inoculation level influenced plant biomass. SCN population density and biomass were determined after 60 d in the greenhouse. At the inoculation level of 2,000 eggs/100 cm3 soil, the average egg density for the three pennycress genotypes was 1,959 eggs/100 cm3 soil, lower than that for the susceptible soybean ‘Sturdy’ (9,601 eggs/100 cm3 soil). At the inoculation level of 20,000 eggs/100 cm3 soil, the average egg density for the three pennycress genotypes was 6,668 eggs/100 cm3 soil, lower than that for ‘Sturdy’ (40,740 eggs/100 cm3 soil). The inoculation level did not affect plant biomass. Pennycress is an alternative host to SCN under greenhouse conditions but is a less suitable host than soybean.
PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING PADA MATERI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS XII SMA
Authors: Novitasari Febriana , Puspitawati Rinie Pratiwi 
Published: April 2022

Berpikir kritis merupakan kemampuan untuk menganalisis, bernalar secara sistematis serta memecahkan masalah. Keterampilan berpikir kritis dapat dilatihkan melalui Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD). Oleh sebab itu, pengembangan E-LKPD berbasis problem solving sangat diperlukan guna memenuhi tuntutan pembelajaran abad 21 tentang kecakapan literasi digital pada siswa serta untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menghasilkan E-LKPD berbasis problem solving pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas XII SMA yang layak ditinjau dari validitas, kepraktisan, dan keefektivan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data yang diperoleh berupa validitas ditinjau berdasarkan aspek tampilan, isi, serta bahasa oleh ahli media dan ahli materi, kepraktisan ditinjau berdasarkan aktivitas dan respons siswa terhadap penggunaan E-LKPD, sedangkan keefektivan ditinjau berdasarkan ketercapaian indikator berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-LKPD sangat valid untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis dengan tampilan dan bahasa yang baik. Hal tersebut sejalan dengan hasil kepraktisan dan keefektivan yang menyatakan bahwa E-LKPD sangat praktis untuk digunakan siswa dalam pembelajaran dan mampu melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis melalui fitur problem solving yang tersedia. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-LKPD berbasis problem solving pada materi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan untuk melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis dinyatakan sangat valid, sangat praktis, dan sangat efektif.
Phenomena of microvascular myocardial injury in patients with primary ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Prevalence and association with clinical characteristics
Authors: Vyshlov E. V. , Alexeeva Ya. A. , Ussov W. Yu. , Mochula O. V. , Ryabov V. V. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of microvascular obstruction (MVO) and intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH), their combination, and relationship to the clinical and anamnestic characteristics in patients with primary STEMI after coronary reperfusion.Material and Methods. A single-center observational cohort study comprised a total of 60 patients with primary STEMI and successful coronary reperfusion within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms. All patients were studied using a contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) at day 2 after STEMI. The study protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03677466).Results. The total occurrence rate of MVO and IMH phenomena was 68.3% including MVO only in 17% of patients, IMH only in 15% of cases, combination of MVO and IMH in 36% cases, and without a microvascular myocardial injury in 32% of cases. The patients with MVO only and combination of MVO and IMH experienced a longer time of ischemia versus patients without these conditions: 205 (140–227) and 193 (95–400) versus 130 (91–160) min (p = 0.049). On the contrary, the time of myocardial ischemia did not differ between patients with IMH only (113 min) and patients without it. Then, patients were assigned to the group of pharmaco-invasive strategy of coronary reperfusion (PIS) (n = 39) and the group of primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI) (n = 21). The incidence of MVO only and IMH only was equal in PIS and PPCI groups: 17.9% versus 14.2% and 12.8% versus 19.1% in PIS and PPCI groups, respectively. The tendency to a decrease in the incidence of combined MVO and IMH was observed in PIS group compared to PPCI group: 30.8% versus 47.6% (p = 0.09).Conclusion. The combination of MVO and IMH phenomena in patients with primary STEMI after coronary reperfusion developed more often than each of these phenomena separately. The development of MVO only and combination of MVO and IMH was associated with a longer duration of myocardial ischemia. A total frequency of combination of MVO and IMH phenomena in patients with primary STEMI after coronary reperfusion was as high as 68.3%. Combination of these phenomena developed more frequently than each of them separately: 36% versus 17% (MVO only) and 15% (IMH only). No difference was observed in the duration of myocardial ischemia between the groups with MVO only and without it. The thrombolysis did not increase the occurrence of IMH in PIS group compared with PPCI group. There was a tendency to a decrease in the incidence of combination of MVO and IMH in PIS group compared to PPCI group: 30.8 versus 47.6% (р = 0.09).
La Educación Superior del futuro en el Ecuador y sus desafíos en los nuevos procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje
Authors: Ramos Burgos Washington Alejandro , Chang Muñoz Walter Lenin , Zea Perez Manuel Honorio 
Published: April 2022

La educación es un proceso multidireccional mediante el cual se transmite el conocimiento, a lo largo de la historia a la educación siempre ha estado presente con la finalidad de ir formando al ser humano. En la actualidad la educación no solo se produce en las aulas como en los tiempos antiguos, si no que en cada lugar, situación se produce la educación, cada día aprender no solo es un proceso que se realiza en el aula, los seres humanos adquirimos conocimiento de cada persona, noticia, o información a las que tengamos acceso en tiempo real. Esto se debe a que el internet actualmente es un servicio que se considera básico para la sociedad, puesto a que pasamos todo el tiempo en línea y esto es una gran contribución hoy en día en los procesos que realizamos en nuestro diario vivir como son el trabajo, en nuestra vida social, y más importante nuestra vida estudiantil, puesto a que debemos de están es constante crecimiento académico, teniéndolo como gran aporte en la enseñanza y aprendizaje de la educación superior. Internet es considerada como una de las tecnologías más importantes puesto que se ha introducido muy rápidamente en el campo educativo, la web social pone a nuestra disposición un sin número de herramientas tecnológicas que aportan a las actividades educativas, colaborativas, a la pedagogía y al cognitivismo, facilitando a los estudiantes y docentes los medios y nuevos canales de aprendizaje. Entre estas herramientas tenemos los las redes sociales, wikis, MOOCS, realidad virtual, contenidos multimedia, comunidades, etc. En este artículo realizaremos un estudio analítico de cada una de estas herramientas de aprendizaje y de qué manera esta inciden en la educación superior de nuestro país.
PERAN PENGALAMAN KERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN: SUATU TINJAUAN TEORITIS DAN EMPIRIS
Authors: Ilham Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Work experience is very necessary in improving employee performance in the company. Employee work experience shows the level of mastery of skills. Employees who have had more years of service will have various kinds of work experience in solving various kinds of problems within the company. It is expected that employees will have good quality resources in improving work performance. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of work experience in improving employee performance scientifically based on the results of the existing literature review. If employees have a lot of work experience, then the abilities possessed by employees will be in accordance with the work given, so that employees have high performance. This employee performance refers to the results of work in completing the work. This role has a positive nature which means the more work experience an employee has, the employee's performance will increase.
Keywords:
Work Experience; Employee Performance; Performance
Outcomes and Associated Factors Among Adult Patients Admitted to Adult Intensive Care Unit, Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bekele Zenebe , Jisha Hunduma , Haile Merga 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Intensive care unit represent a multidisciplinary and inter-professional specialty dedicated to the total management of patients with acute life threatening condition. Now a day the care is advancing; however, in resource limited country like Ethiopia the care is very poor if any and mortality still high because of numerous reasons.

Objective:
To determine outcome with its associated factors of adult patient admitted to adult intensive care unit (AICU), Ambo University Referral Hospital, and Ambo. Ethiopia.

Method:
After obtaining ethical clearance, a retrospective institution-based cohort study was used. Data were retrieved from all intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients (from September 2019 to December 2021) using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and the collected data was entered into Epi info and transported to SPSS for analysis. Risk factors and their associations were assessed by logistic regression, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used, P value 0.05 on multivariate logistic regression was considered statistically significant.

Result:
Five hundred and fifty patients have been admitted to the intensive care unit. However; only 390 patients had completed data and were analyzed. Majority 203 (52.1%) of participants were men and 155 patients were supplied by the medical service. The overall mortality rate was 46.9%, and significantly associated with Glasgow coma scale < 9 (AOR = 3.7, P value < 0.001), patient with coexisting disease (AOR = 2.2, P value 0.001). AOR = 1.9, P-value 0.011). mechanical ventilation requirements (AOR = 2.6, P-value 0.001) and patients who stayed less than four days in intensive care are more likely to die than patients who stayed longer than four days (AOR = 2.4, P value < 0.001).

Conclusion and recommendation:
The overall death rate in the intensive care unit is high and patient with low Glasgow coma scale, coexisting disease, need of mechanical ventilation short duration of stay are associated with mortality in intensive care unit. Therefore; we recommend the improvement of acute intensive care through the expansion of care, the provision of emergency equipment, drugs and human resources from different disciplines.

Highlights
HALAL AND THAYYIB FOOD IN ISLAMIC SHARIA PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Tsani Ali Farkhan , Susilo Hadi , Suyamto Suyamto , Setiawan Usman , Sudanto Sudanto 
Published: April 2022

Consumption of halal and thayyib food will make it easier for someone to do good deeds, this is mentioned in the Qur'an Surah Al Maidah verse 88. Halal is goods that are not haram, consuming them is not prohibited by religion. At least, the prohibition can be divided into two aspects. First, haram in essence or materially has been declared haram by the Shari'a, such as pigs, carrion, and blood. Second, haram is not in essence, but can be from the way of buying, obtaining, or processing the goods. Thayyib means something that is holy, not unclean, and not disgusting which is not liked by the soul. Whoever eats unlawful food, whether he wants it or not, his limbs will tend to sin, whether he realizes it or not. Whoever eats halal food, surely his limbs will obey and be given God’s guidance to do good.
Specific features of immunity control of survey radar under its suppression by active interference and interfering information effects
Authors: Kantsedal V.M. , Mogyla А.A. 
Published: April 2022

The features of goal-setting control while ensuring the information stability of the sounding modes of a surveillance radar when it is suppressed by active interference and interfering information influences are considered. Overcoming the complexity of goal-setting processes, the validity and efficiency of decision-making with a shortage of time for its adoption is associated with insuring the consistency of goal-setting processes, increasing the levels of their intellectualization and formalization. This will contribute to imparting the desired properties, synthesized during the conflict, to the multipurpose strategies and the situational law of the control of the REP processes and the coordination of actions.
An increase in the level of intellectualization of goal-setting processes is ensured by:
- decomposition of the general goal-setting problem into separate, simpler subtasks with effective solutions, implemented in the corresponding subsystems of the ACSstab (or basic associations of its functional elements) at stages of information support, preparation, adoption and implementation of the decision at the stages of hierarchical levels of management;
- cognitive analysis of goals and reflexive synthesis of goal-setting processes using the capabilities of a specialized intelligent decision support system to enhance the creative-reflexive abilities of the subject of management and increase the level of his professional competencies;
- combining the universality of the stages of rational management of the synthesis of the strategy for managing the REP processes with the specifics of conflict situations, subjectivity, cognition and reflexivity nature of intellectual control.
Methods and means for partial formalization of goal-setting processes are presented, when the structuring of the main goal is carried out taking into account belonging to the strategies of internal and external control of the REP, the decomposition of the two-sided dynamic model of the conflict between the systems of the RES complex and the radar, the hierarchy of management levels, various approaches applied to goal-setting in a crisis management, as well as methods of justifying goals, resource costs and control of achieving the goals.
These features can significantly reduce the degree of subjectivity of management for goal-setting and achieve their validity, completeness, consistency.
Hegemoni Elit-Elit Lokal Donggo dalam Membangun Gerakan Sosial di Bima Tahun 1972
Authors: Subari Subari , Anwar Anwar 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah (history research). Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian sejarah adalah pemilihan topik, pengumpulan sumber (heuristic), kritik (verifikasi), analisis dan sintesis (Interpretasi), dan penulisan (historiografi). Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa gerakan social yang dilakukan oleh elit-elit local bersama masyaraka tradisional Donggo menuntut ketidak adilan kepada rezim pemerintahan Kabupaten Bima. Gerakan social ini dilakukan dalam bentuk perlawanan terhadap perlakuan pemerintahan Soeharmadji sebagai representasi Orde Baru dengan menanamkan system politik tataliter dan intimidasi terhadap warga Negara. Gerakan social ditandai dengan danya kesadaran kolektif oleh tokoh local untuk hidup dalam kehidupan yang layak dan keadilan yang sama di bumi (Maja labo dahu) semboyang daerah Kabupaten Bima. Gerakan protes yang dilakukan oleh arus bawah dituding sebagai agenda makar dengan melawan pemerintah yang sah. Perlawanan itu menjadi sebuah langkah massif bagi rezim militer untuk melakukan tindakan represif terhadap tokoh-tokoh penggerak dan masyarakat yang tidak berdosa.
Kata Kunci: Hegemoni, Elit Lokal, Gerakan Sosial
Rate Setting for Labour Costs Related to Pharmacovigilance System Inspections
Authors: Abdrakhmanov M. , Alyautdin R. N. , Krasheninnikov A. E. , Romanov B. K. 
Published: April 2022

The inspection of pharmacovigilance systems is regulated by the Good Pharmacovigilance Practices (GVP) and local laws and regulations. Inspections may be carried out by audit teams of competent authorities as part of regulatory activities or business agreements. So far, there have been no studies dealing with rate setting for competent authorities labour costs in connection with onsite or documentary inspections of pharmacovigilance systems.The aim of the study was to develop scientifically valid rate setting criteria for labour costs related to onsite or documentary inspections of pharmacovigilance systems.Materials and methods: the assessment of labour costs was carried out by surveying experts of two Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries who have experience in preparing and conducting evaluation and inspection of pharmacovigilance systems. The calculation of the experts’ time costs was performed automatically using the CrocoTime software. The expected workload for experts in 2022 was estimated based on the reports over the last 5 years (2016–2020) containing information on the number of foreign marketing authorisations, and the number of medicines under development according to national registers of medicinal products of the EAEU member states.Results: the study calculated the average expert labour costs and estimated workload for the EAEU competent authorities in 2022. It was demonstrated that the average labour costs are comparable in EAEU member states, however, estimated amount of labour may change (both increase or decrease).Conclusions: further study of rate setting for labour costs related to pharmacovigilance documentary inspections and study of competent authorities staffing could be performed by a dedicated division, e.g. of the Eurasian Academy of Good Practices. A constructive discussion of approaches to the improvement of control over pharmacovigilance systems will increase availability of efficacious and safe medicines of assured quality for the population and help pharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities manage financial and reputational risks.