bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real wages and the business cycle in Turkey
Authors: Aldan Altan , Yüncüler Hatice Burcu Gürcihan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article analyzes the direction and scope of the responsiveness of real wages to the business cycle in Turkey using longitudinal data from 2005 to 2015. We found that wages in Turkey are procyclical; one percentage point increase in the unemployment rate induces a 0.6% decline in real wages. There is a variation in the patterns along the lines of wage distribution among the subgroups with relations to skills. Less-educated workers have acyclical wages. Compatible with this evidence, we found that the workers who earn around the minimum wage also have acyclical wages. High share of minimum wage earners suppresses wage cyclicality. Consistent with strict employment protection legislation and loose wage determination, wages of relatively high-income employees who mostly have formal work arrangements are procyclical.
The Acute Effects of Small-Sided Games on Hamstring Strength in Young Soccer Players
Authors: Sannicandro Italo , Cofano Giacomo , Raiola Gaetano 
Published: March 2022

The study purpose.The Small-side games (SSG) are high intensity drills very popular in soccer training. The knowledge of the acute effects of the exercises that make up the training session is very relevant especially to reduce youth soccer injury risk. This study aim to assessment the acute effects of SSG on hamstring eccentric strength and to know the lower limb strength asymmetries (LLSA) in young soccer players.
Materials and methods. The sample is composed of male young soccer players Under 17 (n = 24, 16.6 ± 0.5 years, 168.8 ± 4.6 cm, 58.2 ± 3.5 kg). Before and after SSG (4vs4, 3×4 min, 3min recovery, no goalkeepers) the hamstring eccentric strength and the lower limb eccentric strength asymmetry were evaluated used a specific dynamometer (N3 Easytech, Italy) and relative software. Every young soccer player performed a single repetition of the Nordic hamstring exercise with dynamometer; after about 2 minutes, instead, they performed 5 repetitions of the same exercise, without interruption. For both assessments, were detected the eccentric strength and the LLSA.
Results. The hamstring eccentric strength assessment show substantial and statistically significant differences in the assessment in comparison pre-post values. A significant reduction was observed for eccentric strength peak (p < 0.018 and p < 0.014 for right/left limb), for eccentric average strength (p < 0.017 and p < 0.006 for right/left limb). The eccentric peak strength asymmetry value and the average strength asymmetry value revealed a significant increase (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions. The reduction of strength after SSG requires careful consideration of the exercises order in the training session. The practitioners can plan training sessions and apply SSGs more effectively, with more attention to the effects on hamstrings.
Enhancing Strength, Leg Muscle Explosive Power, and Muscle Hypertrophy Using Hurdle-Box Jump Plyometric
Authors: Permana Dwinda Abi , Kusnanik Nining Widyah , Nurhasan Nurhasan , Setijono Hari , Arifin Muhammad Zainal , Purwoto Septyaningrum Putri 
Published: March 2022

The study purpose was to examine and analyze the effect of developing a hurdle-box jump plyometric model on muscle strength, explosive power, and hypertrophy.
Materials and methods. This research was an experimental study with a two group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was male sub-elite athletes from various sports aged 15-17 years who were selected at random sampling totaling 22 athletes, divided into 2 (two) groups, the treatment group using plyometric hurdle-box jump development (n = 11) and the control group using plyometric barrier hops (n = 11).
Results. The results showed that: (1) there was a significant effect of plyometric hurdle-box jump exercise on strength, leg muscle explosive power, and muscle hypertrophy, (2) there was a significant effect of plyometric barrier hops exercise (control group) on strength, leg muscles explosive power, and muscle hypertrophy, and (3) there was a significant difference between plyometric hurdle-box jump exercises and plyometric barrier hops exercises (control group) on strength, leg muscle explosive power, and muscle hypertrophy.
Conclusions. The percentage increase in pretest and posttest scores on strength, leg muscle explosive power, and muscle hypertrophy showed that the hurdle-box jump plyometric exercise group was better than the control group (barrier hops).
Jump Movement Skills Pattern Among Indonesia Mentally Retarded Children Using D-Mat
Authors: Septaliza Dewi , Hanif Achmad Sofyan , Yusmawati Yusmawati 
Published: March 2022

The study purpose. Currently, the study was to get the pattern of jumping movement skills for mentally retarded children using D-Mat. It is as part of technology advanced to support physical activity and sport. While mentally retarded children have different ways to jump with normal children.
Materials and methods. The method used qualitative research using observational design. Participants are mentally retarded children aged 6-11 years who are divided into two groups, namely ages 6-8 years and ages 9-11 years. The data were collected through a process of observation and video recording. While the validation of the jumping movement test used observational and test-rater from 2 experts for the needs of mentally retarded children. Data analysis techniques used the Kruskal-Wallis test with a significant level of p <0.05 and descriptive statistics.
Results. The findings concluded that the jumping movement pattern of mentally retarded children aged 6-11 years is forward jumping movement. They are easy to do it using D-Mat. This movement model is quite stable and easy to master.
Conclusions. Each component of the movement also shows fairly good stability according to the characteristics and needs of each child.
Improvement of semen quality after treatment with folic acid and zinc in subfertile men in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Begum Nurjahan , Anwary Shaheen Ara , Alfazzaman M. , Mostofa Munshi Akid , Mahzabin Zeenat , Rahman M. M. Mafizur , Akter Mahbuba , Iqbal Kazi Sohel , Akhter Rehena 
Published: March 2022

Background: The 50% of all male infertility is idiopathic, and there is currently no recognized treatment. The effectiveness of a nonprescription nutraceutical comprising eight nutrients on sperm quality in males with idiopathic infertility was studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate improvement of semen quality after treatment with folic acid and zinc in subfertile men. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the infertility unit, department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib medical university (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2018 to June 2020. Approval from local ethics committee was obtained for this study.Results: One hundred and twenty-five male subfertile patients were included in this study. Most men, 99 (79.2%) belong to more than 30 years, followed by 26 (20.8%) less than 30 years, range was 25 to 50 years. Mean ± SD age was 35.3±5.1 years. Rapid linear (RL) before treatment were 16.06±14.46 (mean ± SD) and after treatment were 22.82±13.40 (mean ± SD). Slow linear (SL) before treatment were 17.56±12.06 (mean ± SD) and after treatment were 19.75±9.25 (mean ± SD). Non progressive (NP) before treatment were 10.82±8.95 (mean ± SD) and after treatment were 10.12±7.34 (mean ± SD). Morphology of the sperm before treatment were 19.43±15.48 (mean ± SD) and after treatment were 30.18±19.12 (mean ± SD).Conclusions: Our research findings fully correspond to the above research results, so it can be said that treatment of subfertile men with micronutrients like folic acid and zinc sulfate causes increase of semen quality and thus plays a key role in treatment of male subfertility.
Postmenopausal spontaneous rupture of pyometra
Authors: Verma Aruna , Maheshwari Raghavi 
Published: March 2022

Spontaneous perforation of pyometra resulting in generalized diffuse peritonitis is extremely uncommon, ranging from 0.01% to 0.5%. Herein, we report the case of a 55 year old postmenopausal woman, presented with acute abdominal pain, distended abdomen, and inability to pass flatus and feces, and purulent vaginal discharge. In view of generalized peritonitis, laparotomy was performed on which 3000 cc pus was suctioned out and necrotic tissue was found on the surface of liver and intestines. The uterus was found to have a 2×2 cm sized perforation at fundo-posterior surface from which purulent material was seen exuding. Thus, a diagnosis of perforated uterus due to pyometra was made. A total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with thorough peritoneal lavage was done. Histopathological examination revealed perforated uterus with pyometra, but there was no evidence of malignancy, and the cervical canal was patent. The patient had burst abdomen on 6th postoperative day and subsequent resuturing was done. She was discharged on 17th postoperative day in satisfactory condition. Thus, rarely, perforation of uterus due to pyometra can cause peritonitis in postmenopausal females with signs of acute abdomen.
Assessment of the emotional intelligence and its dimensions of students at beginning of their medical profession education
Authors: Singh Harmesh , Singh Ishneet , Soni R. K. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Medicine involves not only prescriptions but also a well-developed emotional intelligence (EI). The assessment of EI of students at their entry to medical professional training may identify weaknesses, if any, so as to be taken care during the course. Thus, it may be relevant to explore it and its dimensions because it is still a nascent field of research, hence this study was planned.Methods: Objectives were to assess the EI and its dimensions of first year MBBS students. Study design was a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Study sample were 150 first year MBBS students. Ethical approval from institutional ethics committee and informed written consent from participants obtained; administered a questionnaire based EI test. Data obtained was analysed by ANOVA. Results: The 53.1 % participants were females and 46.9% males. The 73.1% were 17-18 years of age and 26.9% were 19-21 years old. The mean total EI score was 353.01. Among the emotional dimensions sensitivity was significantly low (p=0.047) in males (87.35±15.34) than females (92.49±9.071). The emotional competency was significantly low (p=0.055) in the elder group (153.59±26.99) than the younger one (160.61±15.762).Conclusions: The study identified certain gender and age differences in the EI and some weaknesses among first year medical students. Emotional sensitivity was significantly low in males and emotional competency was significantly low in the elder age group.
The psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physiotherapists in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional online-based study
Authors: Samarakoon Jithmi N. , Wettasinghe Asha H. 
Published: March 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is currently a severe challenge for healthcare workers, with significant implications for their mental health. Physiotherapy is one of the healthcare professions on the frontline managing this pandemic and is directly exposed to the virus. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of this pandemic on the psychological health of physiotherapists in Sri Lanka.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among physiotherapists who were recruited from government and private hospitals via purposive sampling. Depression-anxiety-stress scale-21 was used to assess psychological health and was distributed online.Results: The sample comprised 48 participants (males=33.3%; females=66.7%; age=30.2±3.8 years). The rates with extremely severe, severe, moderate and mild stress were 4.8%, 33.3%, 35.7% and 16.7% respectively and 9.5% of them had no stress perceived. No physiotherapists were found in normal or mild anxiety and depression categories. Moderate, severe and extremely severe anxiety levels were found in 9.5%, 28.6% and 61.9% of physiotherapists respectively. There were 28.6% physiotherapists with extremely severe depression, 19.0% with severe depression and 52.4% with moderate depression. There was a positive correlation and a significant association of stress with depression (r=0.876, p<0.001), stress with anxiety (r=0.780, p<0.001) and anxiety with depression (r=0.752, p<0.001). Stress, anxiety and depression had no significant associations with age and gender (p>0.05). Fear of infecting family members was found as the main cause of stress (81%).Conclusions: Physiotherapists had elevated levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, highlighting the significance of systematically monitoring physiotherapists’ mental health and implementing supportive measures to improve their well-being during the crisis.
Effectiveness of communication board on the communication pattern among aphasic patients
Authors: Kaur Lovepreet , Sharma Sangeeta 
Published: March 2022

Background: Aphasia is a language disorder that affects a person’s ability to communicate and Inability to produce language, pronounce the sentences and Inability to speak spontaneously. Communication has always been a primary need of human beings. Communication boards generally include the letters of the alphabet, common words or phrases and pictures of common items and/or actions.Methods: The pre experimental design was used in the study and 30 aphasic patients were selected through non probability purposive sampling technique. Observational rating scale was used to evaluate the communication pattern of aphasic patients. Data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: In pretest majority of aphasic patients that is 90% have poor communication pattern and 10% of aphasic patients have moderate communication pattern. In posttest 46.7% aphasic patients were having good communication pattern 43.3% were having moderate communication pattern and 10% were having poor communication pattern. The mean±SD in pretest was 1.1000±0.30513 and for posttest was 2.3667±0.66868 and having mean difference of -1.26667. The p value was significant as p<0.05. There was no association between age, gender, religion, educational status and occupation at 0.05 level of significance.Conclusions: This study concludes that the communication board was effective in significant improvement of communication pattern in posttest. The improvement in communication pattern will help to facilitate communication among aphasic patients. Thus current study encourages the utilization of communication board among aphasic patients to enhance their communication pattern.
Management of proximal humerus fracture with plate osteosynthesis
Authors: Surapaneni Suresh Babu , Koneru Sunil Kumar , Edara Anvesh Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Proximal humerus fractures account for about 4 to 5% of all fractures. They are the third most common fractures in the elderly population after hip and distal radius fractures. Regarding the treatment of proximal humerus fractures, controversies still exist whether to do conservative or operative management. Various operative procedures are carried out. A recent trend in internal fixation has moved on to locking plates. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the functional outcome and complication of proximal humerus fractures treated by Open Reduction Internal fixation using proximal humerus Interlocking plate.A prospective study involving thirty patients who were above18yrs of age with proximal humerus fractures admitted to our institution were treated by open reduction, and internal fixation with locking plate were evaluated. In this study, the majority of the patients were males, elderly aged, withslip and fall being the most frequent mode of Injury, resulting in 2 part and 3 partfractures of the proximal humerus. The fracture united in all and in an average of 14 weeks with excellent and satisfactory results in 28 cases (93.3%) by Neer’s criteria.In conclusion, the fractures of the proximal third of humerus treated by open reduction internal fixation using PHILOS plating produced excellent to satisfactory outcomes and patient satisfaction, provided there is near normal anatomical reduction of the parts and physiotherapy regime was followed by the patient.
Muscle pedicle bone graft in ununited fracture neck of femur in children
Authors: Jee Govind Mohan , Kumar Nitin 
Published: March 2022

Delayed presentation of fracture neck of femur is not uncommon in our scenario and is difficult to treat because of precarious vascularity and bony defect at fracture site. The purpose of the present study is the analysis of functional outcome of the muscle pedicle bone graft porcedure in ununited fracture neck of femur in children and adolescents.: Sixteen patients with ununited fracture neck of femur (presenting late) in children and adolescents were treated with quadratus femoris based muscle pedicle bone graft along with open reduction and internal fixation. Mean age of the patient was 14.25 year (range 12-16 years). Boys dominated our series (n= 10 i.e.62.50%). Road traffic accident was the leading cause. Average injury –surgery interval was 5.88 week (range 3-9 week). A minimum follow up was two years. There were 2 Transepiphyseal, 11 Transcervical and 3 Cervicotrochanteric fractures. Most of the cases showed union in 16 to 24 weeks. In one case there was implant failure. : The result was analysed using Harris Hip Score. We had 11 (68.75%) excellent, 2 (12.50%) Good, 2(12.50%) Fair and one (06.25%) Poor results in our series.Quadratus femoris based Muscle pedicle bone with internal fixation is a very effective method to address the difficult problem of non-union fracture neck of femur. There was statistically significant association (p value &#60;.005) between accuracy of reduction and functional outcome.
To evaluate the outcome of vacuum assisted closure in open fractures of tibia
Authors: Yadav Rohit , Mittal Vivek , Uppal Arjun , Kappor Rajat , Pal C. P. , Patel Jaydeep , Saini Sushil K 
Published: March 2022

Despite numerous advances, compound fractures of long bones continues to be a challenge for the treating surgeon. Standard wound dressing required prolonged period, repeated debridement, trauma to granulation tissue and had poor patient compliance. Vacuum-assisted closure provides an extremely efficacious method for treating difficult wounds. This research aimed to study whether VAC gives better outcome in open fractures after primary intervention, whether it leads to faster and more effective wound healing and whether it leads to shorter length of stay in hospital. An interventional study was conducted, studying 30 cases of open tibia fractures who were fitting in the inclusion criteria. It followed Gustillo- Anderson classification to classify cases and then mapped out various conclusions on the aim of study whilst also charting the effect of the treatment in different circumstances, demographics and like. Amongst the 30 cases studied,all patients were evaluated clinically after the primary fixation and following VAC application, for an average period of follow up of 12 months. Majority of patients required 4-5 VAC dressings. The mean decrease in wound size was 9.97 cm [21.22%]. Out of 30 patients, 4 patients had excellent, 16 patients had good, 8 patients had fair and 2 patients had poor result.In this study, 30 patients were included with open fractures of tibia after primary internal fixation with VAC application. The greatest advantage of VAC was found to facilitate rapid formation of granulation tissue on wounds with exposed tissue and implants hence shorten healing time and minimize secondary soft tissue defect coverage procedures. This technique has indeed resulted in the effective decrease in wound size, and decrease in hospital stay and given a better functional outcome.
Radiomorphometric indices as indicator in osteoporosis-A digital panaromic study
Authors: Pachipulusu Balaji , Govindraju Poornima , Muskan Jan Syeda 
Published: March 2022

Osteopenia/ osteoporosis affect many elderly people and might not be detected until symptoms of fractures occur. Early detection of osteopenia/ osteoporosis is important and would allow preventive measures and treatment. Access to screening of osteoporosis is often limited, whereas panoramic radiography is widely used in dentistry. This highlights the role of the dentist in the early diagnosis of this disease. With this background the present study is intended to analyse the radiomorphometric indices of mandible using digital panoramic radiographs. The study subject consisted of 300 panoramic radiographs of which 150 were males and 150 were females, in the age group of 21-70 years. The obtained data were statistically analysed. GI and AI showed a downward trend with age. MI showed a decline in mean values from the age of 61 years only in females. PMI showed a sudden drop after the age of 40 years. C2 and C3 categories increased with age. Male patients demonstrated significantly higher measured values for GI, AI and MI than female patients. C3 cortical appearance was predominantly seen in females. GI, AI, MI and MCI were strongly influenced by dental status. The mandibular cortical thickness was reduced in older females. Dentition had a significant effect on all indices, except PMI. This study showed that GI, AI, MI PMI and MCI are useful for identifying patients with low skeletal bone mineral densities or osteoporosis. Hence, it is advocated that oral physicians play an unique role in screening of patients for the evaluation of osteopenia.
Nasolabial morphologic transformations after lefort-1 osteotomy — A prospective study
Authors: Mullath Aswin , Joseph Benny , Vinod Aswathi , Faisal Mohammed , Abraham Tina 
Published: March 2022

The present study was aimed to evaluate the morphologic changes of nose and lip after Lefort 1 osteotomy using clinical and cephalometric parameters A prospective study to evaluate soft tissue changes after Lefort 1 osteotomy which includes 30 individuals of 18-35 years of age presented with dentofacial deformities. Our Study employs the measurement of nasolabial variables using Vernier caliper and lateral cephalograms. These values were recorded and tabulated under T (pre-operative) and T(6 months Post-operative). The final soft tissue changes were analyzed with paired t- test. Our study revealed statistically highly significant (p&#60;0.001) increase in Alar base width, Nasolabial angle, Nasal tip angle and statistically significant (p&#60;0.05) decrease in nasal tip protrusion. Alar base widening is a definitive sequela after Lefort 1 osteotomy even after adopting techniques like alar base cinch suturing and V-Y closure. This warrants that further modifications or innovations are required for preventing these undesirable morphological changes.