bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connection between the Plasma Level of Apelin and Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. A Case Control Study
Authors: Helmy Mona Yousry , Hamdy Nehal , Ghaffar Nagwa Abd El 
Published: January 2022

Background:Apelin is an adipokine that may have an advantageous role in the prediction of early diabetic nephropathy. A few studies on apelin in diabetes have been performed and this research was performed to establish the connection between the apelinergic system and diabetic nephropathy.Materials and Methods:The research included 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who were equally divided into Group-I (diabetic nephropathy) and Group-II (non-diabetic nephropathy), and 30 healthy subjects in the control group (Group-III). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were calculated. FBG, 2 h–PPG, HbA1c, fasting lipids, urea, creatinine, eGFR, urine analysis, A/C ratio, and apelin levels were assessed.Results:A statistically significant between-group difference in plasma apelin levels was found (P< 0.001). Apelin was the highest in Group-I than in Group-II relative to Group-III (325.79 ± 59.42 pg/mL, 162.83 ± 29.88 pg/mL, and 77.43 ± 8.44 pg/mL, respectively). Among diabetic patients, plasma apelin had a significantly positive correlation with disease duration (r= 0.612), SBP (r =0.427), DBP (r= 0.466), weight (r= 0.372), and height (r= 0.372), FBG (r= 0.684), 2 h-PPG (r= 0.744), HbA1C (r= 0.890), total (T)-cholesterol (r= 0.316), low density lipoprotein (LDL)-C (r= 0.397), urea (r= 0.575), and creatinine (r= 0.591). A significantly negative correlation was observed between plasma apelin and HDL-C (r= –0.303), and eGFR (r= –0.566).Conclusion:Apelin levels in diabetics were elevated in the case of nephropathy, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia. This supports the relationship between the apelinergic system and diabetic nephropathy.
Multiple myeloma: Unveiling the survival data with different lines of treatments
Authors: Kurian Helan , Abraham Suja , Antony Arpith , Jiju Jeeva Ann , Thomas Timy 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
The incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) is rising and there are fewer Indian studies; a comprehensive research of MM patients’ survival data in a real-world population is needed. This study aims to analyze the survival status of MM patients with different treatment regimens along with its correlation to other parameters such as treatment-free interval (TFI) and time-to-next treatment (TTNT).

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective observational study, done in the department of oncology, at a tertiary care hospital in Kerala, from August 2019 to July 2020, to analyze the survival data in patients diagnosed with MM from 2015 to 2019. The effectiveness endpoints include time-to-event analyses such as TTNT and TFI. After receiving various therapy regimens, the survival rates were analyzed; the Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to determine the cumulative survival. The correlations between overall survival (OS) and duration of therapy, TFI, TTNT, and other parameters were calculated using the Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results:
72 (82.80%) of the patients survived to the end of the study (OS), with a mean survival time of 4.02 ± 2.81 years. 52 (59.80%) patients had progression-free survival (PFS), while the remaining 35 (40.22%) had no significant disease prognosis. Both OS and PFS showed a significant positive correlation (P > 0.05) with TTNT and TFI.

Conclusions:
Completely adherent chemotherapy for 1 year can promise a survival time not <2 years. Longer TFI resulted in better OS and PFS. Extending the duration of the second LOT correlated with the better OS and PFS.
An uncertainty-incorporated method for fast beam angle selection in intensity-modulated proton therapy
Authors: Ramar Natarajan , Meher Samir Ranjan 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Aim:
We propose a novel metric called ψ – score to rank the Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT) beams in the order of their optimality and robustness. The beams ranked based on this metric were accordingly chosen for IMPT optimization. The objective of this work is to study the effectiveness of the proposed method in various clinical cases.

Methods and Materials:
We have used Pinnacle TPS (Philips Medical System V 16.2) for performing the optimization. To validate our approach, we have applied it in four clinical cases: Lung, Pancreas, Prostate+Node and Prostate. Basically, for all clinical cases, four set of plans were created using Multi field optimization (MFO) and Robust Optimization (RO) with same clinical objectives, namely (1) Conventional angle plan without Robust Optimization (CA Plan), (2) Suitable angle Plan without Robust Optimization (SA Plan), (3) Conventional angle plan with Robust Optimization (CA-RO Plan), (4) Suitable angle Plan with Robust Optimization (SA-RO Plan). Initial plan was generated with 20 equiangular beams starting from the gantry angle of 0°. In the corresponding SA Plan and SA-RO Plan, the beam angles were obtained using the guidance provided by ψ – score.

Results:
All CA plans were compared against the SA plans in terms of Dose distribution, Dose volume histogram (DVH) and percentage of dose difference. The results obtained from the clinical cases indicate that the plan quality is considerably improved without significantly compromising the robustness when the beam angles are optimized using the proposed method. It takes approximately 10–15 min to find the suitable beam angles without Robust Optimization (RO), while it takes approximately 20-30 min to find the suitable beam angles with RO. However, the inclusion of RO in BAO did not result in a change in the final beam angles for anatomies other than lung.

Conclusion:
The results obtained in different anatomic sites demonstrate the usefulness of our approach in improving the plan quality by determining optimal beam angles in IMPT.
Cutaneous melanoma survival rates of the elderly are not worse than those of the young, yet they have some specific differences
Authors: Ferhatoglu Ferhat , Erturk Kayhan , Faruk Tas 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The incidence of cutaneous melanoma among the elderly has increased significantly. Unfavorable survival rates are associated with insufficient patient managements and poor prognostic features in the elderly. We aimed to compare elderly (≥75 years) and younger (<75 years) patients with cutaneous melanoma to determine the differences and the prognostic significance of age.

Materials and Methods:
The retrospective data of 117 elderly and 232 younger patients with cutaneous melanoma were compared.

Results:
The median age of the elderly patients was 78 years (75–104), and 51.3% of the patients were female. Of the patients, 14.5% were in the metastatic stages. Clinicopathologic factors such as extremity melanomas (P = 0.01), Clark levels IV–V (P = 0.04), ulceration (P = 0.009), and neurotropism (P = 0.03) were significantly more common in elderly patients. However, BRAF mutation was significantly more common in younger patients (P = 0.003). Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of both the groups were similar. Lymph node involvement (P < 0.005), distant metastasis (P < 0.005), and relapse of disease (P = 0.02) were associated with poor OS in elderly patients. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was associated with prolonged RFS (P = 0.05), while extremity melanomas (P = 0.01), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.006), and lymph node involvement (P < 0.005) had negative impact on RFS.

Conclusions:
Although elderly patients with cutaneous melanoma had different clinicopathologic features in our series, their survival rates are similar to those of younger patients, which shows that age alone is inadequate to determine the prognosis. Disease stage and a comprehensive geriatric assessment might assist to determine appropriate management.
A study to assess the economic burden faced by rural households due to Out-of-pocket expenditure on healthcare in Uttar Kannada and Udupi districts of Karnataka
Authors: Shet Nagaraj , Butt Ishfaq N. , Sharma Prajna , Qadri Ghulam Jeelani , Kanali Gayatri 
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose:
Various studies reveal that in India more than 80 percent of health care financing is mainly in the form of out-of-pocket (OOP). As a felt need, this study was conducted with the objectives to assess the economic burden faced by rural households due to out-of-pocket payments.

Material and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of 2 years among 550 households in the rural areas of Uttar Kannada and Udupi districts. Households were selected using the multistage sampling technique and interviewed using a pre-designed and pre-tested proforma. Descriptive statistics were applied, and the data were analyzed using proportions and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to find the association between different attributes. Statistical significance was set at a 0.05% level of significance (P < 0.05).

Findings:
It was observed that 5 (1.99%) households spent Rs 50000 to 1 lakh, and 26 (10.36%) spent more than 1 lakh among insured households compared to 30 (17.96%) and 14 (8.38%) households, respectively among non-insured households. This difference was found to be statistically significant with P value <0.0001. Avoidance of hospital admission and medications were found to be more among noninsured households compared to insured households, which was statistically significant with P value <0.001. Almost half of those who did not have health insurance borrowed money, took a loan on property and NGOs, and sold valuables compared to those who had health insurance, and this difference was statistically significant with P value <0.001.

Conclusion:
During the study, it was seen that households that did not have health insurance had higher expenditure on health services, avoided hospitalization and medication, and sold valuables as a source of out-of-pocket expenditure when compared to those who had health insurance, and the difference was found to be statistically significant.
Reviewers of Volume 16, 2021 of Revista Ambiente & Água
Authors: Dias Nelson Wellausen 
Published: January 2022

The list of reviewers who voluntarily dedicated part of their time to review submissions for Revista Ambiente & Água’s Volume 16, 2021 is presented in Table 1. This list includes manuscripts that were accepted and published in one of the six annual issues and also manuscripts submitted and rejected up to November 01, 2021. It may therefore include the names of reviewers that completed their evaluations between December, 2020 and November, 2021.
We are deeply indebted to all of them that voluntarily and anonymously devoted part of their time to support our journal and delivered an immense contribution to the quality of the published papers. We gratefully acknowledge their professional work and outstanding product.
The Legitimacy of The Marriage of Husband and Wife Who Are Converts to Islam and the Implications for Their Descendants
Authors: M Umar H. 
Published: January 2022

Marriage in Indonesia has been regulated in laws and regulations that apply to all Indonesian people, namely the Marriage Law Number 1 of 1974.[1] In this Law as stated in Article 2 which reads that marriage is only valid, if it is carried out according to each religion and belief, then each marriage is recorded based on the applicable laws and regulations.
The Jambi Religious Court as the executor of judicial power in the Jambi Religious High Court area has received 2 (two)cases isbat/ marriage ratifications for non-Muslim husbands and wives to become converts to get legal certainty from marriage before embracing Islam, namely the case with Number 14/Pdt.P /2017/PA Jmb on 01 February 2017 and the case with Number 64/Pdt.P/2019/PA Jmb on 09 August 2019. The reason for converting husbands and wives to submit isbat/ marriage ratification is because marriage before embracing Islam does not have a certificate marriage from the Civil Registry Office. So that the husband and wife of the converts filed a case isbat/ marriage ratification to the Jambi Religious Court to ask for the validity of their marriage.
The Jambi Religious Court judge who tried the case, in his decision, granted the request and declared the marriage of a husband and wife to be converts to Islam without advocating remarriage. Even though the marital status of a non-Muslim husband and wife when they converted to Islam, the scholars were still debating until they were divided into two groups.
APLICAÇÃO DO USO DE CONTAINER COMO ALTERNATIVAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL, EM EDIFICAÇÕES HABITACIONAIS
Authors: Maria Domingues Natalino Eva , Florian Fabiana 
Published: January 2022

O âmbito da Engenharia Civil está em constante evolução, frequentemente são criadas novas técnicas construtivas visando a maior produtividade e economia. Nesse contexto, que surgiu, então, um método que, além de promover essas vantagens, traz um viés sustentável imprescindível nos dias atuais: trata-se da construção com containers. O trabalho apresenta a viabilidade da utilização de containers como alternativa habitacional, como solução viável e sustentável dentro da construção civil. Destacam-se suas principais vantagens e desvantagens comparadas ao método construtivo do sistema tradicional. Com o crescente consumo de recursos naturais, crescem também os desafios de um desenvolvimento mais sustentável, vivendo assim no mercado sócio econômico cada vez mais exigente, as empresas tem um desafio diário como de um melhor gerenciamento nos processos, descarte dos resíduos, tendências mundiais, como o aumento da competitividade, durabilidade, viabilidade técnica, práticas sustentáveis, economia, qualidade em termos de habitabilidade da moradia e de velocidade em termos de prazo de execução. Assim, para se sobressair no mercado às empresas busca inovar, implantar e executar de maneira rápida visando tecnologia, lucro, custo, prazos, gestão de projetos, seguindo exigências ambientais e sociais cada vez mais estritos. A utilização do contêiner reflete a atual preocupação relacionada à sustentabilidade, já atualmente a construção civil é um dos principais poluidores em todo o planeta, contudo, vem sendo utilizado como método construtivo por conta da sua grande facilidade de mobilidade e adaptação, resistência material e sua facilidade em seu manuseio e transporte. Bem sabemos que pode proporcionar infraestrutura agradável e com baixo custo.
ANALISIS FAKTOR INTERNAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDIT DELAY
Authors: Yusuf Muhamad , Usamah U , Khasanah Uswatun 
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Auditor Opinion, Profitability, Liquidity, Company Size, Age of the company to Audit Delay on real estate and property companies listed on the BEI both simultaneously and partially. The population of this study is a real estate and property company listed on the Stock Exchange in 2015 until 2017.
The sample method used is Purposive Sampling with the number of companies as many as 12and 61 samples used in this study. The data used is secondary data, namely date and financial statements of real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015 until 2017. Analysis technique used in this study is multiple linier regression analysis.
Based on the result of test which is tested with t test of variable profitability and company size have a significant effect to variable of Audit Delay. The variables of Auditor Opinion, Liquidity, Age of the company have no effect on audit delay. While based on simultaneous test (F test) of Auditor Opinion, Profitability, Liquidity, Company Size, and Age of the company have influence to Audit Delay. The amount of R2 in real estate and property in Indonesia amounted to 0.977 this shows the effect of independent variables ie auditor opinion, profitability, liquidity, company size, and age of the company to variable Audit Delay can be explained by this equation model of 97.7% while the remaining 2.3% influenced by other factors outside the study.

Keyword: Audit Delay, Auditor Opinion, Profitability, Liquidity, Company Size, Age of the company
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN PUBLIK, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, UMUR LISTING, JUMLAH DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU CORPORATE INTERNET REPORTING PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Edi Purnomo Djauhar , Norfatmawati Ayu , Hidayah Rini 
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine and analyze the effect of public ownership, company size, age of listings, number of independent commissioners, and profitability on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in this study is financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with the sample collection technique used purposive sampling with the amount of final sample to 50 companies that meet the criteria. The data used are secondary data from the official page on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analytical tool used in this study is logistic regression analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 16.
The result of this study indicate that partially the variable of public ownership, age of listings, number of independent commissioners, and profitability has no effect on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting. While the company size have a significant effect on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting. And the simultaneously that the variable of public ownership, company size, age of listings, number of independent commissioners, and profitability have a significant effect on the timeliness of corporate internet reporting.
Keywords : Public Ownership, Company Size, Age of Listings, Number of Independent Commissioners, and Profitability, Timeliness of Corporate Internet Reporting.
PENGARUH KEEFEKTIFAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, ASIMETRI INFORMASI, KESESUAIAN KOMPENSASI DAN KETAATAN ATURAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI (Studi Kasus pada OPD Kabupaten Kendal)
Authors: Andayani Tutut Dwi , Nur Indah Lilik , Imtikhanah Sobrotul , Ainur Ferlinda 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to test the effectiveness of internal control, information asymmetry, suitability of compensation and compliance of accounting rules against tendencies of accounting fraud. This study used quantitative methods with primary data obtained directly from respondents’s answer to questionnaries. The population in this study is all the authorities and responsible for the use of budgeted fubds, accounting implementes and people whose duties are related to the preparation of financial statements and accountability reports ini OPD Kendal Regency. This study used purposive sampling method with 66 respondents as the sample. The data analysis method used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 21. The results of this research showed that (1) The effectiveness of internal control has a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (2) Information asymmetry has a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (3) The suitability of compensation has no significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (4) Compliance of accounting rules has no significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud, (5) Effectiveness of internal control, information asymmetry, the suitability of compensation and the observance of accounting rules simultaneously have a significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud.
Anxiety and depression are common in rheumatoid arthritis and correlate with poor quality of life in Indian patients
Authors: Singh Gurmeet , Mahajan Nikhil , Abrol Sameer , Raina Abhinav 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:We planned this study to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and its correlation with quality of life (QOL) in these patients.Material and methodsEighty-eight patients (76 females) were included in this cross-sectional study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF. The severity of pain was measured by 100-millimetre-long Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and functional disability was measured by using the Indian version of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). The disease activity was measured by Disease Activity Score for 28 joints with 3 variables.ResultsProbable anxiety and depression were seen in 61 (69%) and 68 (77%) of the patients, respectively. Patients with anxiety had more severe pain (VAS 53.8 ±26.4 vs. 39.7 ±26.1, p < 0.05), and significantly lower scores in all the 4 domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. Patients with depression had more pain (VAS 54.2 ±25.2 vs. 33.5 ±27.3, p < 0.01), higher HAQ scores (1.0 ±0.7 vs. 0.5 ±0.7, p < 0.01), and lower QOL scores. Both anxiety and depression scores had a negative correlation with all the 4 domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. Anxiety had a significant negative effect on psychological (β = –0.58, p < 0.001) and environmental domains (β = –0.39, p < 0.001), while depression had a significant negative effect on psychological (β = –0.57, p < 0.001) and environmental domains (β = –0.53, p < 0.001). Both anxiety and depression predicted more pain in RA patients (β = 0.24, p < 0.001 and β = 0.44, p < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsAnxiety and depression correlated with poor QOL in all 4 domains of the WHOQOL-BREF. Higher HADS scores had a negative effect on all the domains of the WHOQOL-BREF and predicted more severe pain in RA patients. Thus, patients with RA need to be screened and treated for underlying anxiety and depression to improve their QOL, pain, and functional status.
PENGARUH PDB, INFLASI, KURS DAN TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA TERHADAP NERACA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA
Authors: Tri Murdo Ilham , Affan Junaidi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

This study is to determine the extent to which the independent variable factors (GDP, Inflation, Exchange and Interest Rates) affect the dependent variable (Trade Balance) in the last 20 years. Quantitative research aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of the variables of GDP, Inflation, Exchange Rates and Interest Rates on the Trade Balance, and also to test hypotheses to strengthen or even reject the hypothesis. With the following results: GDP has a negative and insignificant effect on the Trade Balance, Inflation has a negative and significant effect on the Trade Balance, the Exchange Rate has no and no significant effect on the Trade Balance, Interest Rates have no and no significant effect on the Trade Balance and GDP, INflation , Exchange and Interest Rates together (simultaneously) have a significant and significant effect on the Trade Balance
ANALISIS PENGUKURAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN KONSUMEN DENGAN METODE SERVQUAL
Authors: Ekowati Dhiana , Rahman Arsyad Fadhlur 
Published: January 2022

The hospital is a health institution that is engaged in services. The quality of a service will encourage consumers to form strong bonds with the company. If the service received exceeds consumer expectations, service quality is perceived as ideal quality. Conversely, if the service received is lower than expected, the quality of the service is perceived as poor. Thus, whether the quality of service is good or not depends on the ability of service providers to consistently meet consumer expectations. This study aims to measure the service quality of the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Installation of RSUP Sarjito Yogyakarta using the Servqual Method.
The subjects of this study were consumers of the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Installation of the Sarjito Hospital Yogyakarta, while the object of this study was the quality of service for the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Installation of the Sarjito Hospital Yogyakarta. The sample of this research is 99 respondents. The data analysis of this research uses SERVQUAL analysis.
The results of this study indicate that the service quality of the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta provides satisfaction to consumers.
Keywoard: Quality of Service, SERVQUAL.