bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Stigma and Discrimination in Coronavirus Disease-2019 Survivors and its Changing Trend
Authors: Sangma Rangdon Dor , Kumar Parveen , Nerli Lubna Mohammedrafik , Khanna Abhijit Madhukar , Vasavada Disha Alkeshbhai , Tiwari Deepak Sachidanand 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) as global pandemic on March 20, 2020. Highly contagious nature of this new virus and high propensity for human-to-human transmission led to various challenges, one of them is stigma and discrimination. This led to ill-treatment, devaluation of affected individuals, termination of employment, abandonment, and physical violence. The current study attempts to assess the magnitude of social stigma and discrimination among COVID-19 survivors.

Methods:
Longitudinal study was conducted among COVID-19 survivors from June 2020 to February 2021 at tertiary care center, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. Participants were contacted through telephone, interview was conducted at 1 and 6 months, using pro forma containing demographic details, “Stigma questionnaire” and “Discrimination questionnaire.”

Results:
A total of 420 participants of age 18–60 years participated in the study. Participants experienced personalized stigma had concerns regarding disclosure of illness and public attitudes. Discrimination at their respective workplace was also observed. Stigma was statistically significant related to gender and geographical area (F = 3.879, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.45), while discrimination statistically significant related to geographical area (F = 2.407, P < 0.05, R2 = 0.028). The stigma and discrimination was still prevalent after 6 months; however, there was a reduction in overall stigmatization which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The large cohort of participants faced significant social stigma and discrimination in terms of personalized stigma, negative self-image, and workplace discrimination. Increasing awareness, knowledge about illness, and availability of treatment facilities can contribute in lowering the stigma.
Development of Drama using Heuristic Method for MTs Mutiara Ilmu, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Risna Risna , Sutikno Sutikno , Kartolo Rahmat 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the design validation of the development of legend-based drama teaching materials using the heuristic method for class VII students of MTs Mutiara Ilmu, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The research method used in this research is the research & development method. The subject of research on product development in this study is the validator. In addition, the subjects of this study were seventh grade students of MTs Mutiara Sains. The results of this study indicate that the design of developing legend-based drama teaching materials using the heuristic method for class VII students of MTs Mutiara Sains, starts from information related to students' descriptions in the implementation of learning in class, it is known that learning has been carried out well. However, students' responses to the material and evaluation of learning are still low. Based on the collection of information obtained, it was found that it was necessary to develop legend-based drama teaching materials using the heuristic method. The results of expert validation on the design of developing legend-based drama teaching materials using the heuristic method obtained an average validation score of 4 with good categories. Thus, it can be concluded that the legend-based drama teaching materials using the heuristic method are suitable for use by class VII students of MTs Mutiara Sains.
Analisis Komperatif Usahatani Karet Lokal Dengan Karet Okulasi Terhadap Pendapatan Petani
Authors: Wahyuni Henny , Adriansyah Adriansyah 
Published: May 2022

Karet local adalah karet yang dibudidayakan melalui biji yang biasanya ditanam masyarakat sejak dahulu hingga sekarang yang memiliki kekuatan daya tumbuh yang lebih dari karet okulasi. Tanaman karet dari biji setiap pohonnya menghasilkan getah sekitar satu ons. Negara penghasil karet tertinggi pertama di dunia yang hanya memiliki luas lahan penanaman 2.4 juta/hektar. Tingkat rata-rata produktifitas rata-rata tanaman karet di Indonesia masih lebih rendah dari Thailand yaitu 3.398.800 ton/ha/thn. Pada dasarnya tujuan akhir seorang petani melaksanakan usahataninya adalah mendapatkan produksi dan keuntungan sebanyak mungkin dengan menekan biaya serendah mungkin. Pendapatan petani dapat berupa pendapatan yang berasal dari kegiatan usahatani. tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perbedaan factor produksi terhadap petani karet local dengan karet okulasi di desa sababangun dan juga untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kelayakan usahatani karet local dan karet okulasi di desa sababangun Tapanuli tengah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa sababangun Tapanuli tengah dengan menggunakan metode survey beberapa petani karet di desa tersebut.Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode sensus dimana sampel pada penelitian ini adalah petani karet local dan petani karet okulasi di desa sibabangun. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwasanya pendapatan petani karet okulasi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan karet local dimana pendapatan petani karet okulasi Rp 96.514.750/tahun, sedangkan karet lokal Rp 164.926.750/tahun danUsahatani karet lokal didaerah penelitian layak untuk diusahakan dengan perhitungan R/C >1=(8.5) sedangkan karet okulasi layak untuk diusahakan oleh petani dengan perhitungan R/C >1=(9)
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Sikap Ibu Hamil Tentang Kunjungan Antenatal Care Di Puskesmas Sei Suka Kabupaten Batu Bara Tahun 2019
Authors: Handayani Purnama , Harahap Rizki Noviyanti 
Published: May 2022

Pelayanan kesehatan ibu hamil harus memenuhi frekuensi minimal satu kali pada trimester pertama, satu kali pada trimester kedua dan dua kali pada trimester ketiga. Tidak semua ibu hamil dapat melakukan kunjungan antenatal sesuai standar, salah satu yang faktor yang mempengaruhi kunjungan antenatal adalah pengetahuan dan sikap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu hamil tentang kunjungan Antenatal Care di Puskesmas Sei Suka Kabupaten Batu Bara tahun 2019. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini accidental sampling yaitu 31 orang ibu hamil. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan lembar kuesioner, diolah dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang sebanyak 18 orang (58,1%) dan sikap negatif sebanyak 21 orang (67,7%). Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai p = 0,02 (<0,05) dan X2­hitung = 12,841 (> X2tabel = 5,991) Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu hamil tentang kunjungan Antenatal Care. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan evaluasi program KIA di Puskesmas Sei Suka serta masukan dalam penyampaian konseling dan penyuluhan yang lebih intensif mengenai pentingnya pemeriksaan kehamilan secara rutin dan memotivasi ibu hamil yang bekerja maupun yang tidak bekerja agar rutin memeriksakan kehamilan.
ANALISA PEMASARAN KOPI ARABIKA (Studi Kasus Desa Sijungkang Kecamatan Angkola Timur Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan)
Authors: Syafiruddin Syafiruddin 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAK
Kopi bukan komoditi baru di DesaSijungkang karena sejak jaman Belanda (penjajahan) sudah dikenal dan membudidayakannya. Masyarakat DesaSijungkang membudidayakan kopi Robusta dan Excelsaa pada mulanya, karena harganya rendah kebun kopi dibiarkan tanpa pemeliharaan dan perawatan. Munculnya kopi Arabikadenga harga yang cukup tinggi menjadi motivasi masyarakat Desa Sijungkang untuk membudidayakannya. Produk kopi Arabika yang dihasilkan belum berbentuk biji kopi tapi masih dalam bentuk kopi berkulit tanduk. Saluran pemasaran kopi Arabika di DesaSijungkang ada dua, pertama dari petani menjual ke pengumpul kecil dan terakhir ke pengumpul besar dan kedua petani langsung ke pengumpul besar. Diantara kedua saluran ini ternyata memiliki nilai farmer share yang sama 84.61 dan hanya berbeda pada nilai rasio keuntungan dengan biaya. Saluran pemasaran pertama 3.44 dan saluran kedua 2.33.
SUMUR RESAPAN UNTUK PEMANENAN AIRHUJAN DI KECAMATAN MEDAN BELAWAN
Authors: Nurzanah Wiwin 
Published: May 2022

Masalahumumyangseringdihadapikotabesaradalahterjadinyagenanganairataubanjirdisaat musim hujandankrisisairdisaatmusimkering.Kondisitersebutjugadialami olehsebagianwilayah kota kota besar seperti di Kota Medan khususnya Kec.Medan Belawan. Bermacamupayatelahdilakukanuntukmenanganimasalahtersebut,diantaranyamelaluipembuatan sumur resapan.Penelitiansebelumnyasudahmenghasilkan desainsumurresapanuntukpemanenanairhujanyang terbuatdaribuisbetondiameter1m,namundalampenerapannyamengalamibeberapakendala,terutama masalahketersediaanlahandantenagakerjauntukmengerjakan galiansecaramanual.Sebab ituperlu dilakukaninovasidesainsumurresapanberdasarkanprinsip-prinsipergonomi yangmenempatkankenyamanan penggunasebagaipertimbangan utama.Berdasarkan datahidrogeologi,telahdilakukaninovasidesainsumur resapandaripipaHDPediameter12” yangpembuatannyadapatdilakukansecarapracetak, fleksibeltergantungketersediaanlahanyang adadihalamanrumahpenduduk,bahkan dapat dibuat disepanjang bawahcucuranatapsehinggatidakmemerlukan lahankhusus.Desainsumurtersebutjugadapatdibuatdisepanjangbahujalanatauditempat-tempat fasilitasumumlainnya. Dengandesainyang fleksibeltersebut semua unsurbaikmasyarakat maupunpemerintah diharapkan tergugah untuk ikutdalam program pemanenan air hujan sehingga pada musim hujan dapat memanenairdalamjumlahyangbanyakdanmengurangiterjadinyagenanganairataubanjirdisaatmusim hujanserta mencegahterjadinyakrisisairdi saat musimkemarau.
UJI POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA ULAT KANTONG (Metisa plana)
Authors: Dibisono Mhd Yusuf , Nadhira Ahmad , Wijaya Hardy , Sitorus Raply 
Published: May 2022

Gambir (Uncaria gambir) merupakan tanaman perdu yang memiliki kadar alkaloid berupa senyawa kimia seperti flavonoid, tanin, polifenol, katekin, dimana senyawa katekin dan tanin bersifat anti mikrobial dan anti oksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak daun gambir (U. gambir Roxb) dalam mengendalikan hama ulat kantong (M. plana). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non factorial dengan 5 taraf perlakuan, yaitu G0 : Tanpa Aplikasi (Kontrol), G1 : Aplikasi dengan ekstrak daun gambir 80 ml (8%), G2 : Aplikasi dengan ekstrak daun gambir 160 ml (16%), G3 : Aplikasi dengan ekstrak daun gambir 240 ml (24%), G3 : Aplikasi dengan ekstrak daun gambir 320 ml (32%) . Hasil yang diperoleh adalah Aplikasi ekstrak daun gambir (U. gambir Roxb) dengan konsentrasi 32% efektif mengendalikan ulat kantong dengan tingkat mortalitas 100% pada pengamatan 6 HSA serta menekan intensitas serangan9,15%.
Existe un rol para la resección quirúrgica en los pacientes con cáncer de páncreas oligometastásicos
Authors: Targarona Modena Javier , Coayla Castillo Guillermo , Hurtado De Mendoza Fernando , Bisso Andrade Aland , Balarezo Aguilar Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar retrospectivamente la resección en pacientes con adenocarcinoma de páncreas en estadio IV oligometastásicos, luego de quimioterapia de primera línea para cáncer de páncreas metastásico evaluando la sobrevida de estos casos. Materiales y métodos: Entre enero del 2005 hasta diciembre del 2019 se evaluó de manera retrospectiva a 5 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de páncreas oligometastásico sometidos a quimioterapia de primera línea luego de la cual se les efectuó cirugía resectiva. Resultados: La cirugía resectiva realizadas en estos pacientes fueron: tres pancreatectomias distales con esplenectomía, una duodenopancreatectomia y una pancreatectomia total. Todos recibieron tratamiento con quimioterapia; tres pacientes recibieron tratamiento con Folfurinox, uno recibió 5 fluoruracilo y otro recibió gemcitabina más capecitabina. Los pacientes recibieron en promedio 4 meses de quimioterapia (3-6 meses) y luego de estos se programó la cirugía resectiva. La sobrevida media en estos pacientes fue de 23 meses (11 a 39 meses), solamente un paciente presento recidiva de la enfermedad y falleció a los 28 meses, los 4 restantes se encuentran vivos. Conclusión: La cirugía resectiva en pacientes con estadio IV con cáncer de páncreas se puede hacer de forma segura. Esta se podría considerar en pacientes seleccionados con una buena respuesta radiológica y bioquímica luego de un periodo adecuado de quimioterapia en los cuales no exista enfermedad a distancia evidente.
Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección crónica por el virus de hepatitis C en el Seguro Social de Salud del Perú (EsSalud)
Authors: Davalos Milagros , Cabrera Cabrejos María , García Delgado César , Padilla Martin , Pereda Vejarano Carlos Yanar , Vera Mujica Romina Andrea , Huaringa-Marcelo Jorge , Montes-Alvis Jose , Goicochea-Lugo Sergio , Becerra-Chauca Naysha , Nieto-Gutierrez Wendy , Garcia-Gomero David , Chavez Rimache Lesly , Piscoya Alejandro , Hernandez Adrian V. , Taype-Rondan Alvaro , Timaná-Ruiz Raúl , Carrera Acosta Lourdes 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: El presente artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección crónica por el virus de Hepatitis C en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo: Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección crónica por el virus de Hepatitis C en EsSalud. Métodos: Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó especialistas y metodólogos. El GEG formuló 4 preguntas clínicas. Se realizó búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y estudios primarios en PubMed y Central de Cochrane durante el 2019. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder a las preguntas clínicas planteadas. La certeza de la evidencia fue evaluada usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). El GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular recomendaciones, los puntos de buena práctica clínica y el flujograma de tratamiento. Finalmente, la GPC fue aprobada con Resolución N° 151-IETSI-ESSALUD-2019. Resultados: La presente GPC abordó 4 preguntas clínicas, divididas en cuatro temas: tamizaje, diagnóstico, estadiaje y tratamiento. En base a estas preguntas se formularon 13 recomendaciones (8 fuertes y 5 condicionales), 27 puntos de buena práctica clínica y 1 flujograma de manejo. Conclusión: El presente artículo resume la metodología y las conclusiones basadas en evidencias de la GPC para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la infección crónica por el virus de Hepatitis C en EsSalud.
A construção narrativa de emoções no ensino-aprendizagem em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Nóbrega Adriana Nogueira Accioly , Griffo Mara Regina de Almeida , Alves Lorena Araujo 
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, refletimos sobre as nossas emoções, relacionadas ao ensino-aprendizagem no cenário da pandemia do COVID-19, a partir da análise das avaliações emergentes em histórias por nós relatadas. As narrativas orais foram produzidas durante uma dinâmica reflexiva, realizada com nosso grupo de pesquisa e reportam situações que afetaram nossas práticas educacionais no início da pandemia. Para analisar as contribuições do discurso avaliativo na construção das nossas emoções, propomos uma arquitetura teórica alinhada à Linguística Aplicada Contemporânea, em diálogo com as abordagens interacionais de narrativa, de avaliação e de emoções. Investigamos os três relatos inspiradas por um olhar autoetnográfico, que possibilita entendermos o mundo a partir das nossas próprias vivências. As análises dos dados sugerem que nossas emoções foram reelaboradas de formas diversas: em “ondas” emocionais; a partir de crenças e valores sobre o fazer pedagógico; e em trajetórias de sofrimento, enfatizando o caráter transitório, fluido e dinâmico das emoções.
Integration of observed and model-derived groundwater levels in landslide threshold models in Rwanda
Authors: Uwihirwe Judith , Hrachowitz Markus , Bogaard Thom 
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The incorporation of specific regional hydrological characteristics in empirical statistical landslide threshold models has considerable potential to improve the quality of landslide predictions towards reliable early warning systems. The objective of this research was to test the value of regional groundwater level information, as a proxy for water storage fluctuations, to improve regional landslide predictions with empirical models based on the concept of threshold levels. Specifically, we investigated (i) the use of a data-driven time series approach to model the regional groundwater levels based on short duration monitoring observations and (ii) the predictive power of single variable and bilinear threshold landslide prediction models derived from groundwater levels and precipitation. Based on statistical measures of the model fit (R2 and RMSE), the groundwater level dynamics estimated by the transfer function noise time series model are broadly consistent with the observed groundwater levels. The single variable threshold models derived from groundwater levels exhibited the highest landslide prediction power with 82 %–93 % of true positive alarms despite the quite high rate of false alarms with about 26 %–38 %. The further combination as bilinear threshold models reduced the rate of false alarms by about 18 %–28 % at the expense of reduced true alarms by about 9 %–29 % and is thus less advantageous than single variable threshold models. In contrast to precipitation-based thresholds, relying on threshold models exclusively defined using hydrological variables such as groundwater can lead to improved landslide predictions due to their implicit consideration of long-term antecedent conditions until the day of landslide occurrence.
Fictive Certainty Underwrites Writing
Authors: Keane Jondi 
Published: May 2022

This paper will propose that fictive certainty (the production of a certainty where none exists strong enough to orient thought and behaviour) plays a major role in self-organising models of biology, a role that has not been recognised. As a consequence, genres of expression would be linked to the realisation, or attempts to realise, fictive possibilities such as the autonomy of the organism, the imaginary anatomy, or any image of totality or wholeness including for example: time, space, nothingness, Language, and Perspective. This inquiry positions fictive certainty on the line between metaphor and transformation, between influence and inflection, between effect and affect - a line that traces all the way to the border between the Imaginary and the Symbolic. To this end, I will strategically examine notions imported from philosophy, literature, art theory and biology. Maturana and Varela’s work in theoretical biology, particularly on autopoiesis and self-organisation, provides key insights that many contemporary practitioners have found applicable to their creative approaches. With this in mind fictive certainty is not proposed as a state of being, a truth structure (or effect), or as a description of structures or objects in the world (such as metaphors). It should be considered instead as an activity tied to our embodied dispositions and to the actual use we make of structures and objects in the world, especially our own mechanisms of meaning.
A Learning and Teaching Method for the Online Environment that Delivers: Coupling a Soft Socratic Method with a Humanistic, Nurturing Approach
Authors: Evans Alex C 
Published: May 2022

There is limited literature on soft Socratic methods of teaching in Law and limited literature on effective teaching methods for the online environment. With the movement of learning and teaching online by universities in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and attendant lockdowns, one question became important – what is a successful pedagogical method for the online environment? While universities initially saw this as a temporary, emergency measure, learning and teaching online now looks to be more of a permanent change in tertiary education. This article evaluates the effectiveness of a student-focused teaching method, which couples a soft version of the Socratic Method with a Humanistic, nurturing approach, that I observed in Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law Noah Feldman and Ropes & Gray Professor Alvin C Warren Jnr’s classes at Harvard Law School in 2013, and then adapted for the online environment and refined between 2016 and 2018. The evaluation is made using the four lenses from Stephen Brookfield’s book Becoming a Critically Reflective Teacher. Those lenses are: contextualisation in theory; students’ eyes; colleagues’ perception, and self-reflection. For the theoretical lens, the article analyses the traditional Socratic Method and the wide-ranging criticisms of it. The article then presents data collected from student surveys, peer reviews and self-reflection as a preliminary study. It is hoped that this article will assist other academics who are navigating online learning and teaching, and are curious about techniques and methodologies that have grown out of institutions in the United States of America. While this method was developed to teach Tax Law at a postgraduate level in groups of between 18 and 50 students, the technique could easily be applied in teaching: undergraduate students; students in other courses in Law, and in other disciplines.
Saúde docente: o possível impacto das condições de trabalho no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Martins Elita Betânia De Andrade , Schmitt Juliana Campos , Alves Alessandra Maia Lima 
Published: May 2022

Este é um artigo teórico pautado em dados empíricos cujo principal objetivo é reflexionar a respeito das condições de trabalho de professores da educação básica no Ensino Remoto Emergencial durante a pandemia e dar visibilidade ao possível adoecimento decorrente das condições de trabalho vivenciadas no atual contexto a fim de instrumentalizar a categoria na luta por seus direitos. Em razão do isolamento social, consequência do Covid-19, foram adotadas medidas de urgência em vários setores, dentre eles, o educacional. A fim de não prejudicar o processo ensino aprendizagem dos alunos as aulas foram retomadas de modo virtual, com professores atuando na linha de frente, com diversas mudanças em seu modo e meio de trabalho, reféns de Portarias e Decretos do governo, sem autonomia para lecionar e com seu trabalho expressamente controlado, sem aporte físico e mental. Conclui-se que há uma linha tênue entre as condições de trabalho e o adoecimento do professorado que pode aflorar ainda mais no contexto de pandemia que nos assola e que há muita demanda para pouco recurso.
E. P. THOMPSON, el papel de las clases populares en las transformaciones histórico-económicas del capitalismo
Authors: Flores Nava Fabiola Jesavel 
Published: May 2022

Este artículo pone de relieve la importancia que tienen los diferentes conceptos teórico-históricos creados por E. P. Thompson para entender la relación dialéctica que existen entre la idea de experiencia –vista como proceso de formación histórica o como espacio desde donde se le da sentido al mundo-, el plano concreto sobre el que se asienta la modernidad capitalista, y las transformaciones generadas por la praxis de clases populares en la interacción de estas dos dimensiones de la realidad. Al mismo tiempo, se tiene especial interés en uno de los conceptos más radicales en la obra de dicho autor, es decir, el concepto de Economía Moral de la Multitud, con el cual podemos comprender la complejidad histórica sobre la que se constituyen los movimientos sociales anticapitalistas. Finalmente queremos insistir en el énfasis que el propio Thompson pone en la definición de clase, en donde destaca la necesidad de pensarla, más que como un hecho dado, como un proceso activo y en constante relación histórica.