bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PPARγ Acetylation Orchestrates Adipose Plasticity and Metabolic Rhythms
Authors: He Ying , B'nai Taub Alana , Yu Lexiang , Yao Yifan , Zhang Ruotong , Zahr Tarik , Aaron Nicole , LeSauter Joseph , Fan Lihong , Liu Longhua , Tazebay Ruya , Que Jianwen , Pajvani Utpal , Wang Liheng , Silver Rae , Qiang Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSystemic glucose metabolism and insulin activity oscillate in response to diurnal rhythms and nutrient availability with the necessary involvement of adipose tissue to maintain metabolic homeostasis. However, the adipose‐intrinsic regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Here, the dynamics of PPARγ acetylation in adipose tissue are shown to orchestrate metabolic oscillation in daily rhythms. Acetylation of PPARγ displays a diurnal rhythm in young healthy mice, with the peak at zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0) and the trough at ZT18. This rhythmic pattern is deranged in pathological conditions such as obesity, aging, and circadian disruption. The adipocyte‐specific acetylation‐mimetic mutation of PPARγ K293Q (aKQ) restrains adipose plasticity during calorie restriction and diet‐induced obesity, associated with proteolysis of a core circadian component BMAL1. Consistently, the rhythmicity in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity is altered in aKQ and the complementary PPARγ deacetylation‐mimetic K268R/K293R (2KR) mouse models. Furthermore, the PPARγ acetylation‐sensitive downstream target adipsin is revealed as a novel diurnal factor that destabilizes BMAL1 and mediates metabolic rhythms. These findings collectively signify that PPARγ acetylation is a hinge connecting adipose plasticity and metabolic rhythms, the two determinants of metabolic health.
Mechanoredox Catalysis Enables a Sustainable and Versatile Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization Process
Authors: Chakma Progyateg , Zeitler Sarah M. , Baum Fábio , Yu Jiatong , Shindy Waseem , Pozzo Lilo D. , Golder Matthew R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe sustainable synthesis of macromolecules with control over sequence and molar mass remains a challenge in polymer chemistry. By coupling mechanochemistry and electron‐transfer processes (i.e., mechanoredox catalysis), an energy‐conscious controlled radical polymerization methodology is realized. This work explores an efficient mechanoredox reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization process using mechanical stimuli by implementing piezoelectric barium titanate and a diaryliodonium initiator with minimal solvent usage. This mechanoredox RAFT process demonstrates exquisite control over poly(meth)acrylate dispersity and chain length while also showcasing an alternative to the solution‐state synthesis of semifluorinated polymers that typically utilize exotic solvents and/or reagents. This chemistry will find utility in the sustainable development of materials across the energy, biomedical, and engineering communities.
A detailed experimental parametric analysis of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints
Authors: Li Xin , Xu Bo , Hong Yang , Luo Haibo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHybrid bolted/bonded joints may have the advantages of both mechanical and adhesively bonded joints or disadvantages, which depends entirely on reasonable design. The design of the hybrid bolted/bonded joint is a complex issue, which is related to the material properties of the connected parts and adhesive layer, the number and size of the bolt, and the geometrical characteristics of the joint. Furthermore, the secondary bending in the single‐lap joint and the bypass load in the multirow bolted joint to increase the complexity of the problems. Therefore, detailed tests and adequate data are essential to do further research on the mechanical behaviors of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints, especially for the joints of bismaleimide resin composite. An experimental parametric study was carried out to reveal the effect mechanisms of different configurations on the mechanical properties of bismaleimide resin composite joints in this study. Single‐lap bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints were focused on and their mechanical behaviors were discussed. According to the investigation of experimental analysis, some useful conclusions have been deduced, which are helpful for the design of bolted and hybrid bolted/bonded composite joints.
Introduction to the special issue on social and economic impacts of online marketplaces on women in Asia
Authors: Edwards Ryan , Suryadarma Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOnline marketplaces are growing rapidly globally. They have the potential to significantly benefit women; however, these benefits are not guaranteed. A lack of information on the benefits of or how to participate in online marketplaces could mean womenʼs participation is at an inefficiently low level. Participation could also bring about unintended consequences. We introduce this special issue of Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies on the social and economic benefits of online marketplaces for women in Asia. In this introduction, we set the context for the special issue, then provide an overview of its seven papers.
Impact of temperature on gluconic acid production during acetification by Acetobacter aceti
Authors: Sriphochanart Wiramsri , Krusong Warawut , Mekkerdchoo Orachon , Suwapanich Rachit , Sriprom Pongsert , Tantratian Sumate 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current approach to gluconic acid production is acetification at 30°C, a temperature that can be difficult to maintain in tropical countries. This study investigated the production of gluconic acid during acetification by Acetobacter aceti WK at high temperatures. An acid‐tolerant and thermotolerant species, A. aceti WK, was used for acetification at three different temperatures, namely, 30°C (normal temperature), 37°C, and 40°C (high temperature). Acetification was performed in a 100 L bioreactor with 0.15% CaCl2 for protection of the cells against high temperatures. The production of the organic acids, that is, acetic acid, gluconic acid, 2‐keto gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and formic acid, was analyzed. Under acetification in the target total concentration of 80 g/L, the highest acetic acid content (39.3 g/L) was obtained at 37°C with an acetification rate of 0.3013 g/L/h, while the acetic acid content and acetification rate achieved at 30°C were 31 g/L and 0.3089 g/L/h, respectively. Additionally, gluconic acid presented at the highest concentration of 2.17 g/L. The rate of production of gluconic acid was 0.0169 g/L/h at 37°C. This acetification process at 37°C will be valuable as an alternative source for gluconic acid production for commercial applications.
Kombinierte Betrachtung von Fahrbahnqualität, Lkw‐Achslasten und der Lebensdauer von Betonbrücken
Authors: Hondl Timo , Glock Christian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDurch den steigenden Sanierungsbedarf von Straßenbrücken in Deutschland kommt der Planung für deren Erhalt und Neubau eine wachsende Bedeutung zu. Je genauer die vorhandenen Kenntnisse über die Einwirkungen sind, desto präziser können Prognosen der Lebensdauer eines Bauwerks sein. Dies trifft nicht nur im Brückenbau zu, auch im Automobilwesen werden im Zuge der Fahrzeugoptimierung detaillierte, zeitlich veränderliche Achslasten gemessen und simuliert. Einen besonderen Einfluss auf die ermittelten Achslasten hat die Fahrbahnqualität. Unter Verwendung dieser Daten und Simulationsmethoden ergibt sich für das Bauwesen die Fragestellung nach einem möglichen Zusammenhang zwischen Fahrbahnqualität und Lebensdauer einer Straßenbrücke. Durch höhere Anforderungen an die Fahrbahnqualität im Bereich von Brücken könnten dynamische Lasten reduziert und aufwendige Sanierungen des Tragwerks vermieden oder verzögert werden. Zur Untersuchung eines möglichen Zusammenhangs wird im Folgenden ein Vorgehen zur Bestimmung des Einflusses der Fahrbahnqualität auf die Lebensdauer von Straßenbrücken vorgestellt. Hierfür werden realitätsnahe Fahrbahnoberflächen generiert und dazu verwendet, an einem gekoppelten Bauwerk‐Fahrzeug‐System vereinfachte Achs‐ und Fahrzeugmodelle durch Fußpunktanregung in Schwingung zu versetzen. Die zeitlich veränderlichen Schnittgrößen des Bauwerks können darauf aufbauend rückgerechnet und auf ihr Schädigungspotenzial hin analysiert werden. Diese Methodik wird abschließend anhand eines Beispiels veranschaulicht. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass in diesem Fall ein deutlicher Zusammenhang zwischen Fahrbahnqualität und Lebensdauer erkennbar wird.
Mesoscience in cell biology and cancer research
Authors: Qian Haili , Beltran Adriana Sujey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMesoscale characteristics and their interdimensional correlation are the focus of contemporary interdisciplinary research. Mesoscience is a discipline that has the potential to radically update the existing knowledge structure, which differs from the conventional unit‐scale and system‐scale research models, revealing a previously untouchable area for scientific research. Integrative biology research aims to dissect the complex problems of life systems by conducting comprehensive research and integrating various disciplines from all biological levels of the living organism. However, the mesoscientific issues between different research units are neglected and challenging. Mesoscale research in biology requires the integration of research theories and methods from other disciplines (mathematics, physics, engineering, and even visual imaging) to investigate theoretical and frontier questions of biological processes through experiments, computations, and modeling. We reviewed integrative paradigms and methods for the biological mesoscale problems (focusing on oncology research) and prospected the potential of their multiple dimensions and upcoming challenges. We expect to establish an interactive and collaborative theoretical platform for further expanding the depth and width of our understanding on the nature of biology.
Analysis of the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in advanced thymoma patients
Authors: Hao Yue , Lin Gen , Xiang Jing , Wang Wenxian , Xu Chunwei , Wang Qian , Cai Jing , Zhang Yongchang , Song Zhengbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy has exhibited efficacy in thymic carcinoma patients; however, there are insufficient data to confirm this efficacy in thymoma. The toxicity of immunotherapy also remains to be determined.MethodsThe efficacy and safety of immunotherapy were analyzed in 11 thymoma patients who received PD‐1 inhibitors according to a range of relevant indexes including the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and immunotherapy‐related adverse events.ResultsThe PFS and OS rates for all patients were 12.8 and 56.5 months, respectively. No difference in efficacy was detected between monotherapy and combination therapy (PFS: 12.8 vs 2.2 months, P = 0.787; OS: 73.8 vs 56.5 months, P = 0.367). The ORRs and DCRs for all patients were 27.3% and 90.9%, respectively. The incidence of adverse events was 45.5% among the 11 thymoma patients, including immune‐related myocarditis (36.4%), immune‐related liver damage (18.2%), and myasthenia gravis (18.2%). In the whole cohort of patients, the rate of adverse events of grade 3 or higher was 36.4%. The rates of adverse events of grade 3 or 4 in B3‐type and non‐B3‐type thymoma patients were 0% and 62.5%, respectively.ConclusionsImmunotherapy elicited a response in thymoma patients; however, more attention should be paid to the immune‐related adverse events.
Salt‐Toggled Capture Selection of Uric Acid Binding Aptamers
Authors: Liu Yibo , Liu Juewen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUric acid is the end‐product of purine metabolism in humans and an important biomarker for many diseases. To achieve the detection of uric acid without using enzymes, we previously selected a DNA aptamer for uric acid with a Kd of 1 μM but the aptamer required multiple Na+ ions for binding. Saturated binding was achieved with around 700 mM Na+ and the binding at the physiological condition was much weaker. In this work, a new selection was performed by alternating Mg2+‐containing buffers with Na+ and Li+. After 13 rounds of selection, a new aptamer sequence named UA‐Mg‐1 was obtained. Isothermal titration calorimetry confirmed aptamer binding in both selection buffers, and the Kd was around 8 μM. The binding of UA‐Mg‐1 to UA required only Mg2+. This is an indicator of successful switching of metal dependency via the salt‐toggled selection method. The UA‐Mg‐1 aptamer was engineered into a fluorescent biosensor based on the strand‐displacement assay with a limit of detection of 0.5 μM uric acid in the selection buffer. Finally, comparison with the previously reported Na+‐dependent aptamer and a xanthine/uric acid riboswitch was also made.
Ex‐Ante Optimal Design of Sustainable Phase Change Materials for Latent Heat Storage
Authors: Geroulis Ioannis , Kokossis Antonis , Marcoulaki Effie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnergy consumption for residential heating can be reduced using new insulation solutions in the form of phase change materials (PCMs) integrated within the building structure. This work proposes a framework for the optimal design of PCMs considering operational as well as sustainability aspects at the early stages of the material development process. The proposed framework applies computer‐aided molecular design tools and considers a practical simulation model to calculate the functional performance of the PCM, as well as a variety of constraints to impose desirable bounds on the material thermophysical properties and its impact on environment and safety.
Electrical Transport Properties of Layered Black Phosphorus grown by Chemical Vapor Transport
Authors: Zdeg I. , Al‐Shami A. , Tiouichi G. , Absike H. , Chaudhary V. , Neugebauer P. , Nouneh K. , Belhboub A. , Mounkachi O. , El Fatimy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work investigates the transport properties of layered black phosphorus (BP) grown by the chemical vapor transport (CVT). The electrical measurements are carried out at a temperature ranging from 300 to 2 K and a magnetic field up to 16 Tesla. The CVT‐grown BP exhibits p‐type conduction with an acceptor's 14–1.2 meV activation energy. The concentration of ionized acceptors is Moreover, the Hall mobility is found to be 138 cm2V−1s−1 and 4 × 104 cm2V−1s−1, respectively, at room temperature and 2 K. This work reveals the potential of CVT synthesis as a simple, nontoxic, and cheap technique to make high‐quality BP crystals with high carrier mobility ready as a solid foundation for BP single‐crystal application.
Thyroid carcinoma‐featured telomerase activation and telomere maintenance: Biology and translational/clinical significance
Authors: Yuan Xiaotian , Yuan Huiyang , Zhang Ning , Liu Tiantian , Xu Dawei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTelomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex consisting of a catalytic component telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), internal RNA template and other co‐factors, and its essential function is to synthesize telomeric DNA, repetitive TTAGGG sequences at the termini of linear chromosomes. Telomerase is silent in normal human follicular thyroid cells, primarily due to the TERT gene being tightly repressed. During the development and progression of thyroid carcinomas (TCs), TERT induction and telomerase activation is in general required to maintain telomere length, thereby conferring TC cells with immortal and aggressive phenotypes.MethodsThe genomic alterations of the TERT loci including TERT promoter's gain‐of‐function mutations, copy number gain, fusion and rearrangements, have recently been identified in TCs as mechanisms to induce TERT expression and to activate telomerase. Importantly, numerous studies have consistently shown that TERT promoter mutations and TERT expression occur in all TC subtypes, and are robustly associated with TC malignancy, aggressiveness, treatment failure and poor outcomes. Therefore, the assessment of TERT promoter mutations and TERT expression is highly valuable in TC diagnostics, prognosis, treatment decision, and follow‐up design. In addition, the TERT promoter is frequently hypermethylated in TC cells and tumors, which is required to activate TERT transcription and telomerase. Dysregulation of other components in the telomerase complex similarly upregulate telomerase. Moreover, shortened telomeres lead to altered gene expression and metabolism, thereby actively promoting TC aggressiveness. Here we summarize recent findings in TCs to provide the landscape of TC‐featured telomere/telomerase biology and discuss underlying implications in TC precision medicine.ConclusionMechanistic insights into telomerase activation and TERT induction in TCs are important both biologically and clinically. The TERT gene aberration and expression‐based molecular classification of TCs is proposed, and for such a purpose, the standardization of the assay and evaluation system is required. Moreover, the TERT‐based system and 2022 WHO TC classification may be combined to improve TC care.
Physicochemical, color, and sensory characteristics of edible oil‐coated blanched sweet corn kernels
Authors: Popalia Chandani , Kumar Navneet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSweet corn has a higher moisture content, making it challenging to store for longer. The edible coating acts as primary packaging. The samples were blanched in hot water at 90°C for 90 s initially and were coated with olive oil concentration 0%–100% for 60–300 s at temperatures of 40–60°C, which makes the kernels acceptable even after 7 days in comparison to 4 days in untreated samples. The coating of hot water‐blanched sweet corn kernels increased length, width, thickness, true density, porosity, color a*, color b*, ∆E, chroma, browning index, moisture content, and pH with increased coating time, coating temperature, and concentration and varied from 11.78 to 12.40 mm, 9.87 to 10.22 mm, 4.14 to 4.66 mm, 1082 to 1093 kg/m3, 33.70% to 37.29%, 4.19 to 4.57, 0.09 to 1.36, 7.46 to 8.34, 14.11 and 12.43, 78.32% to 83.41% and 5.87 to 5.98. While the coating process decreased bulk density, color L*, total sugar, ascorbic acid, and total soluble solid of sweet corn kernels with an increase in coating time and coating temperature and varied from 685.43 to 717.32 kg/m3, 74.68 to 75.12, 6.4% to 7.2%, 6.4 to 7.1 mg/100 g and 18.5 to 19.8 °Brix, respectively. The coating of sweet corn and hot water blanching is a promising hurdle to spoilage for extending the shelf life of sweet corn in food processing industries for developing various processed food products.
Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution by Water‐Soluble Cobalt (II), Copper (II) and Iron (III)meso‐Tetrakis(carboxyl)porphyrin
Authors: Qi Xiao‐Wen , Yang Gang , Guo Xiao‐Shuang , Si Li‐Ping , Zhang Hao , Liu Hai‐Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree water‐soluble carboxyl metalloporphyrins, cobalt (II), copper (II) and iron (III)meso‐tetrakis (carboxyl) porphyrin were prepared and applied as homogeneous electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid,p‐toluene sulfonic acid and water as proton sources. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results revealed the HER underwent different routes for these metalloporphyrins. Electrocatalysis tests in buffer solution of pH=7.0 showed the TOFs of cobalt (II), copper (II) and iron (III)meso‐tetrakis (carboxyl) porphyrin were 184.78, 160.28 and 184.87 mol−1 ⋅ h−1and the faradaic efficiency were 94.37 %, 93.01 % and 96.98 % at an overpotential of 788 mV, respectively. These results indicate the synthesized metal carboxyl porphyrins have good electrocatalytic activity for HER.
Doping Heptagon‐Containing π‐Conjugated Systems with Boron
Authors: Lv Haochen , Xiang Kai , Yang Deng‐Tao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the models for studying defected graphene, π‐conjugated systems containing heptagonal rings have attracted increasing interest due to their dynamic behaviors, electronic properties, aromaticity, and solid‐state packing. Doping heptagon‐containing π‐conjugated systems with boron not only makes π‐conjugated systems with the boron‐doped heptagonal ring have structural similarity to their all‐carbon analogues, but also could significantly change their electronic properties and intermolecular interactions. This review summarizes research on the different synthetic routes to access boron‐doped heptagons including borepins, azaborepins, and oxaborepins, with the emphasis on the structure‐property relationships at the molecular level.
Ethynyl‐Bridged Bis‐quinolinium Dyes: Studies of the Dependence of Different Types of Conjugation on Spectroscopic Properties
Authors: Batsyts Sviatoslav , Tombrink Alexander , Lederle Felix , Hübner Eike G. , Namyslo Jan C. , Nieger Martin , Schmidt Andreas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDicationic bis‐quinolinium salts possessing different types of conjugation are presented in which the hetareniums are separated by acetylenic or 1,4‐diethynylbenzene spacers. Cross‐conjugation is induced by interconnections via the 3‐positions of the heteroareniums, and conjugation is realized by 2,2/2,4/4,4‐interconnections. We also synthesized mixed cross‐conjugated/conjugated 2,3/4,3‐interconnected species. The different types of conjugation determine the charge distribution according to the rules of resonance which translate into characteristic 13C NMR as well as UV‐Vis‐spectroscopic properties, LUMO geometries, and chemical properties. We found that the triple bond's resonance frequencies are sensitive 13C NMR spectroscopic indicators for the type of conjugation. Combining cross‐conjugated and conjugated structure elements of dicationic bis‐quinolinium dyes via triple bonds without additional benzene spacer results in considerable bathochromic shifts of the UV‐Vis absorption maxima [Δλmax≈100 nm]. A charge transfer was calculated from the HOMO of the conjugated into the LUMO of the cross‐conjugated partial structure.
Three Complementary One‐Pot Four‐Component Reaction Sequences for Rapid, General and Direct Spiropyran Synthesis
Authors: Hughes‐Whiffing Christopher A. , Perry Alexis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree one‐pot three‐step four‐component reaction sequences for spiropyran synthesis have been developed, based around three different methods for in situ generation of 1,2,3‐trisubstituted indoles (indole N‐alkylation, Fischer indolisation and indole C‐alkylation). The reaction sequences give access to a broad swathe of spiropyran structures. Each sequence is operationally straightforward, rapid and high yielding. We have synthesized 58 structurally diverse spiropyrans bearing a wide range of useful functional groups, and their utility were demonstrated in the targeted synthesis of potential ratiometric fluorescence probes for metal ions and spiropyran‐cholesterol conjugates. Finally, we showed that our one‐pot N‐alkylation‐C‐alkylation‐condensation sequence can underpin combinatorial spiropyran synthesis through generation of a 16‐member spiropyran library.