bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AUP1 regulates lipid metabolism and induces lipid accumulation to accelerate the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhao Wei , Lu Xingxing , Ma Yunbo , Zhang Peizhi , Wang Zicheng , Cui Zilian , Xia Qinghua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLipid metabolic reprogramming is a prominent feature of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Lipid accumulation affects cellular energy homeostasis, biofilm synthesis, lipid signal transduction, and phenotypic transformation in ccRCC. Herein, a prognostic‐related model was constructed, and the prognostic utility of AUP1, a lipid droplet–regulating very low–density lipoprotein assembly factor, in ccRCC was determined through multiparameter analysis. AUP1 expression was significantly higher in clinical samples than in normal tissues and was closely associated with the clinical stage. The inhibition of AUP1 expression impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ACHN and A498 ccRCC cells in vitro and in vivo. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that AUP1 inhibition can significantly reduce the contents of intracellular triglyceride and cholesterol and regulate cell growth by cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis and reversing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. AUP1 regulated the synthesis of cholesterol esters and fatty acids (FAs) in ccRCC cells by targeting sterol O‐acyltransferase 1 and partially promoted the progression of ccRCC. AUP1 also induced lipid accumulation in ccRCC by promoting the de novo synthesis of FAs (inhibiting protein kinase AMP‐activated catalytic subunit alpha 2), inhibiting the rate‐limiting enzyme of FA β oxidation (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A), regulating the key enzyme of lipolysis (monoglyceride lipase, MGLL), and inhibiting the lipid transporter StAR‐related lipid transfer domain containing 5 (STARD5). However, it did not affect the intracellular cholesterol synthesis pathway. The differential expression and prognostic significance of MGLL and STARD5 in ccRCC should be further studied. AUP1 may serve as a new and effective potential target and prognostic marker for ccRCC.
The role of neuroticism and pain in dental anxiety: A twin study
Authors: Vassend Olav , Czajkowski Nikolai Olavi , Røysamb Espen , Nielsen Christopher Sivert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesAccumulating evidence has revealed that dental anxiety is robustly associated with dental care‐related pain and discomfort, but also with the personality trait of neuroticism (i.e. the relatively stable disposition to experience the world as distressing, threatening and unsafe). However, there is a near absence of research on these risk factors in samples for which genetic information is available. With the aim of arriving at a more refined understanding of dental anxiety, this twin cohort study assessed genetic and environmental influences on neuroticism, dental care‐related pain and dental anxiety, and the relation between these phenotypes.MethodsParticipants were recruited from the Norwegian Twin Registry, and data collections were carried out in 1992–98 (Time 1) and 2011 (Time 2). Well‐validated questionnaires were used to assess the study variables, including Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale, the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (Time 2) and Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire (Time 1). Pearson correlation analysis and generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to investigate phenotypic associations. Analyses of genetic and environmental influences were performed using Cholesky modelling.ResultsA total of 746 monozygotic (MZ) and 770 dizygotic (DZ) twins in the age group of 50–65 participated in the study. Moderate estimates of heritability for dental anxiety (0.29), treatment‐related pain (0.24) and neuroticism (0.45–0.54) were found. Cholesky modelling showed furthermore that neuroticism assessed at Time 1 and Time 2 was related to dental anxiety and pain via both genetic and individual‐specific environmental pathways, albeit not very strongly. The particularly high phenotypic correlation observed between dental care‐related pain and anxiety (r = .68) was explained by both overlapping genetic and individual‐specific environmental influences (the genetic and environmental correlations were .84 and .63 respectively).ConclusionsThe findings provide deeper insight into the aetiology of dental anxiety and confirm that while it is strongly linked to treatment‐related pain experiences, this relation is to a considerable degree independent of general negative affectivity/neuroticism.
Information and communications technology use in rural child welfare work
Authors: Gross Melissa , Latham Don , Randolph Karen , Constantino Christopher , Preshia Elliot Chance 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study explores the impact of information and communications technology (ICT) use on rural child welfare practice using a technology‐in‐practice framework to derive the social structures that are instantiated by rural child welfare workers (CWWs) and to examine their agency as actors. ICT use was tracked, and interviews were conducted with rural CWWs who work with children and families to gain an understanding of and describe their day‐to‐day ICT use at the practice level. Findings demonstrate that CWWs enact social structures along four frames: bureaucratic structure, family centricity, ICT context and information–documentation culture. In terms of agency, CWWs not only are constrained by but also exert some influence on the social structures they enact through facilities (material resources), norms and interpretive schemes. These findings have implications for how ICT can be used to facilitate the CWW–client relationship and the need in rural areas for increased infrastructure to support CWWs.
Free time, gender and the pandemic: An exploration of children's daily routines in the times of COVID‐19 in Chile
Authors: Díaz Rocío , Contreras Mariana , Yáñez Isabel , Ponce Tania 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article discusses the differentiation by gender displayed by children between 8 and 12 years old on how they used their free time during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Chile. This study had a qualitative approach, where 43 in‐depth interviews were conducted with children from three different regions of the country, using participatory photo‐elicitation as the central tool. The main results of the study show a configuration of free time based on gender stereotypes, showing that boys are the ones who most adhere to such stereotypes, triggering a crisis in the identity construction of masculinities during childhood. The study also suggests that socioeconomic and territorial differences between children configures different experiences of the use of free time.
First report of the pest pistachio‐seed wasp Eurytoma plotnikovi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) in France
Authors: Rousse Pascal , Reynaud Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis is the first official report of the pistachio pest Eurytoma plotnikovi in France. Twenty adults were identified after they emerged from a sample collected in South‐Eastern France. A brief description is provided, along with biological, geographical and economic data on the pest. This species should not be considered as a major concern for nut production in France so far, although this might evolve with the development of pistachio crops in this area.
“The workload is staggering”: Changing working conditions of stay‐at‐home mothers under COVID‐19 lockdowns
Authors: Aslam Awish , Adams Tracey L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has drawn attention to the home as a work environment, but the focus has centered on the experiences of paid workers. Stay‐at‐home mothers (SAHMs), for whom the home was already a workplace, have received little attention. This article explores how pandemic‐induced lockdowns impacted SAHMs' working conditions and their experiences of childrearing. Combining a Marxist‐feminist conceptualization of domestic labor with a labor process framework, we performed a qualitative content analysis of vignettes SAHMs shared about their day‐to‐day domestic labor in an online mothering community. Our findings show that, under lockdown conditions, the primacy given to partners' paid work combined with children's increased demands for care and attention reduced SAHMs work autonomy and exacerbated gender inequalities in the home. Combining labor process theory with literature on motherwork illuminates the home as a gendered work environment and enhances understanding of how changing conditions of domestic labor can intensify gender inequalities (and workers' awareness of them) that typically remain “hidden in the household.”
INSIDE MONEY, INVESTMENT, AND UNCONVENTIONAL MONETARY POLICY
Authors: Altermatt Lukas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractI develop a model where banks play a central role in monetary policy transmission. By credibly committing to repayment, banks can perform liquidity transformation. Illiquid assets may pay a liquidity premium because they allow banks to create liquid assets. The policy analysis discusses how the monetary authority can affect nominal rates and inflation when the fiscal authority follows nominal or real debt targets. A main result is that under a nominal debt target, the monetary authority is only able to increase inflation at the zero‐lower bound by issuing money via lump‐sum transfers, while doing so via bond purchases is ineffective.
Investigation on the role of Joule heating on flash sintering using a combined experimental and modeling approach
Authors: Arya Kumar Sadanand , Eqbal Ammar , Rai Pranav , Yadav Devinder , Chakrabarti Tamoghna 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlash sintering is a novel technique of ultrafast densification. There is a continuous debate over the mechanisms that are responsible for such fast sintering. In this work, we have assessed the role of Joule heating and thermal runaway on densification using a combined experimental and modeling approach. First, flash sintering (FS) experiments have been carried out for three different oxides that have very different electrical and thermal conductivities, namely, 3‐ and 8‐mol% yttria‐stabilized zirconia and titania (TiO2). Then, we modeled the densification during FS, for identical experimental conditions, using a novel combined finite element modeling and master sintering curve approach. The results obtained through experiment and modeling have been compared. Finally, our results show that ultrafast densification observed during FS cannot be replicated through Joule heating and thermal runaway alone at low current density (<100 mA/mm2), suggesting that a contribution from other mechanisms is likely essential to explain the observed ultrafast densification. However, Joule heating and thermal runaway can account for the ultrafast densification at higher than 100 mA/mm2 current density.
Gut microbial community differentially characterizes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Jee Jai J , Lim Jiyeon , Park Sowon , Koh Hong , Lee Hye Won 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimDiscordant reports of the signature gut microbes involved in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have hampered understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease, and thus its diagnosis. Thus, we investigated diagnostic factors and the potential mechanisms for heterogenous NAFLD based on the gut environment, including microbes and functional pathways.MethodsStools from 16 biopsy‐proven NAFLD patients were analyzed for bacterial taxonomy and functional pathways based on 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Data from the physical examination, serum biochemistry, and the gut environment were subjected to a decision tree classifier to identify diagnostic markers.ResultsWe identified two NAFLD subpopulations: those with and without a gut microbiota similar to health controls (HCs), defined as PHC‐like and P patients, respectively. Stools of PHC‐like patients were significantly populated with Enterobacteriaceae and were inferred to be rich in metabolites degraded from dicarboxylic acid sugars. Significant colonization of Prevotella was observed in the stools of P patients, in parallel with enrichment of metabolites from heme b biosynthesis and sulfate reduction. As a potential mechanism, we suggest that protoporphyrin IX and/or protoheme from Prevotella participates in hepatic injury, and that endogenous hydrogen sulfide increases serum IL‐6 level in P patients. However, endotoxin‐producing Enterobacteriaceae are thought to produce glycerate, triggering a peroxisome proliferator‐ activated receptor‐alpha‐mediated decrease in IL‐6 level and fat accumulation in PHC‐like patients.ConclusionsHeterogenous NAFLD subpopulations were identified, defined according to gut microbial composition and their potential underlying pathogenic mechanisms; our results raise the possibility of personalized treatment for NALFD patients.
Effect of salpingectomy on ovarian reserve: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kobayashi Mio , Kitahara Yoshikazu , Hasegawa Yuko , Tsukui Yumiko , Hiraishi Hikaru , Iwase Akira 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the effect of salpingectomy on ovarian reserve.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Dynamed plus, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Register databases were searched from their inception to December 2020 to identify relevant studies, including cross‐sectional studies, retrospective studies, and randomized controlled trials. Studies that compared anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and/or antral follicle count (AFC) between the control and salpingectomy groups or before and after surgery were included.ResultsTwenty‐one articles were included in the systematic review. Meta‐analyses were performed on 16 studies in which data were presented as mean ± SD values. A meta‐analysis comparing AMH levels before and after surgery in the same patients showed no significant decrease in all cases, irrespective of whether it was unilateral or bilateral salpingectomy. There was no significant decrease in the AFC in the meta‐analysis comparing levels before and after bilateral salpingectomy, either. In contrast, in the case–controlled study the salpingectomy group had significantly lower levels of AMH in all meta‐analyses of unilateral and bilateral surgery (mean difference: −0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.55, −0.07), only unilateral cases (mean difference: −0.28, 95% CI: −0.50, −0.06), and only bilateral cases (mean difference: −0.71, 95% CI: −1.19, −0.23). The salpingectomy group that included unilateral and bilateral cases had significantly lower AFC compared with no‐surgery controls (mean difference: −1.31, 95% CI: −2.13, −0.48).ConclusionAlthough not conclusive, it does appear that patients who underwent salpingectomy (either unilateral or bilateral) have a decreased ovarian reserve.
A morphometric analysis of hepatitis B subviral particles shows no correlation of filament proportion and length with clinical stage and genotype
Authors: Eymieux Sébastien , Hourioux Christophe , Marlet Julien , Moreau Alain , Patient Romuald , d'Alteroche Louis , Gaudy‐Graffin Catherine , Blanchard Emmanuelle , Roingeard Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt was recently suggested that the composition of circulating hepatitis B subviral particles (SVPs) could be used to differentiate the various stages in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with significantly lower proportions of L and M proteins in inactive carriers than in individuals with chronic hepatitis. L protein is abundant in virions and filamentous SVPs but almost absent from spherical SVPs. We, therefore, performed a morphometric analysis of SVPs in these two groups of patients, by conducting a retrospective analysis on sera from 15 inactive carriers and 11 patients with chronic hepatitis infected with various HBV genotypes. Subviral particles were concentrated by centrifugation on a sucrose cushion, with monitoring by transmission electron microscopy. The percentage of filamentous SVPs and filament length for 100 SVPs was determined with a digital camera. The L protein PreS1 promoter was sequenced from viral genomes by the Sanger method. No marked differences were found between patients, some of whom had only spherical SVPs, whereas others had variable percentages of filamentous SVPs (up to 28%), of highly variable length. High filament percentages were not associated with a particular sequence of the L protein promoter, HBV genotype or even disease stage. High levels of circulating filamentous SVPs are probably more strongly related to individual host factors than to viral strain characteristics or disease stage.
Opioid‐free sedation for atlantoaxial cerebrospinal fluid collection in adult horses
Authors: Cock Gemma , Blakeney Zachary , Hernandez Jorge A. , DeNotta Sally 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtlantoaxial (AA) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection in standing horses utilizes the controlled narcotic morphine, thereby limiting feasibility in field practice settings.ObjectivesTo compare AA CSF collection time and reaction scores in horses sedated with morphine‐containing and opioid‐free sedation protocols: detomidine + morphine (DM), detomidine + xylazine (DX), detomidine + detomidine (DD), detomidine alone (D0); To develop a novel method for assessing sedation in standing horses using open‐source motion‐tracking software.AnimalsSix healthy adult horses.MethodsRandomized crossover. Atlantoaxial CSF collections were performed weekly for 4 weeks. Horses received sedation protocols in random order. Procedure time and procedure reaction scores were compared between groups using Friedman test. Associations between procedure reaction scores and motion tracking variables (total distance and farthest excursion traveled by horse's head) were examined using scatter diagrams and linear regression.ResultsProcedure times were lower in horses sedated with DX (median: 36 seconds; range: 28 − 188), compared to D0 (121; 35 − 196; P = 0.04). Procedure reaction scores were lower in horses sedated with DX (median 1.0, range 1.0 to 2.0), or DM (1.8; 1.3 − 3.0) compared to DO (3.0; 2.3 − 3.0; P = .03). Reactions to dura mater puncture were recorded in 3 of 6 horses in D0 and DD groups, and 0 of 6 horses in DX and DM groups. Positive associations were observed between reaction score vs total distance or farthest excursion distance from baseline.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBoth opioid‐free and morphine‐containing sedation protocols are acceptable for AA CSF collection. Motion‐tracking software represents a novel method for assessing sedation in standing horses.
Comparison of diet, lactulose, and metronidazole combinations in the control of pre‐surgical clinical signs in dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts
Authors: Serrano Goncalo , Devriendt Nausikaa , de Rooster Hilde , Paepe Dominique 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHepatic supportive diet (HSD), lactulose, and antimicrobials are medical treatments for dogs with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (cEHPSS). The relative contribution of these treatment components is currently unknown.ObjectivesTo determine which treatment combinations are most efficacious in pre‐surgical control of clinical signs of cEHPSS in dogs.AnimalsThirty‐six dogs with untreated cEHPSS.MethodsThree‐arm randomized clinical trial. At inclusion (T0), dogs were divided into 3 groups: HSD (n = 12), HSD + lactulose (n = 12), or HSD + metronidazole (n = 12) and received the randomized treatment for 4 weeks (T1) followed by combined treatment of HSD + lactulose + metronidazole for 2 weeks or until cEHPSS attenuation (T2). Clinical score as well as fasting ammonia (FA) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were compared among groups and time points.ResultsThirty‐four dogs were evaluated. Thirty‐four dogs reached T1 and 29 dogs T2. At T1, clinical scores decreased in the HSD + lactulose (n = 11; P = .001), but not in the HSD (n = 8; P = .96) and HSD + metronidazole (n = 10; P = .06) groups. Adding metronidazole to HSD + lactulose (n = 11) did not result in further clinical score improvement (T2; P = 1.000). Moderate and weak correlation between clinical score and FA and clinical score and CRP was present (ρ = .35, P < .001; ρ = .27, P = .01, respectively) with FA decreasing over time on medical treatment (P = .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCombined HSD + lactulose seems sufficient for pre‐surgical cEHPSS stabilization unlike sole HSD or HSD + metronidazole. Medical treatment of cEHPSS clinical signs decreases FA.
Genetic basis for the evolution of pelvic‐fin brooding, a new mode of reproduction, in a Sulawesian fish
Authors: Montenegro Javier , Fujimoto Shingo , Ansai Satoshi , Nagano Atsushi J. , Sato Masahiro , Maeda Yusuke , Tanaka Rieko , Masengi Kawilarang W. A. , Kimura Ryosuke , Kitano Jun , Yamahira Kazunori 
Published: May 2022

AbstractModes of reproduction in animals are diverse, with different modes having evolved independently in multiple lineages across a variety of taxa. However, an understanding of the genomic change driving the transition between different modes of reproduction is limited. Several ricefishes (Adrianichthyidae) on the island of Sulawesi have a unique mode of reproduction called “pelvic‐fin brooding,” wherein females carry externally fertilized eggs until hatching using their pelvic fins. Phylogenomic analysis demonstrated pelvic‐fin brooders to have evolved at least twice in two distant clades of the Adrianichthyidae. We investigated the genetic architecture of the evolution of this unique mode of reproduction. Morphological analyses and laboratory observations revealed that females of pelvic‐fin brooders have longer pelvic fins and a deeper abdominal concavity, and that they can carry an egg clutch for longer than nonbrooding adrianichthyids, suggesting that these traits play important roles in this reproductive mode. Quantitative trait locus mapping using a cross between a pelvic‐fin brooder Oryzias eversi and a nonbrooding O. dopingdopingensis reveals different traits involved in pelvic‐fin brooding to be controlled by different loci on different chromosomes. Genomic analyses of admixture detected no signatures of introgression between two lineages with pelvic‐fin brooders, indicating that introgression is unlikely to be responsible for repeated evolution of pelvic‐fin brooding. These findings suggest that multiple independent mutations may have contributed to the convergent evolution of this novel mode of reproduction.
Nurses' experiences of providing transcultural nursing care to minority patients in Yunnan province: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Tong Ling , Tong Tong , Noji Ariko , Kitaike Tadashi , Wang Xingli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCultural competency is essential for providing transcultural nursing care. This qualitative study explores nurses' experiences of providing transcultural nursing care to patients from ethnic minority in Yunnan province, China, with the aim of supplementing and enriching previous quantitative research. Yunnan is home to 25 ethnic minorities with the highest proportion (33.1%) of people from ethnic minorities in China. A descriptive qualitative method was used to describe the experiences of 12 nurses. Data were collected in October 2020 through semistructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. Three themes were generated, including limitations of resources to provide transcultural nursing care, challenges in providing transcultural nursing care, and concerns about the quality of nursing care. The results suggest that there is scope for improving cultural competence of nurses in Yunnan through education that would enable them to provide high‐quality transcultural nursing care. Training topics could include transcultural knowledge, cultural sensitivity, minority languages, and immersive multicultural experiences. Other suggested improvements include a resource room for transcultural care, the accommodation of religious and dietary needs, and dedicated staff who lead transcultural care in hospitals.