bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SCAI stage reclassification at 24 h predicts outcome of cardiogenic shock: Insights from the Altshock‐2 registry
Authors: Morici Nuccia , Frea Simone , Bertaina Maurizio , Sacco Alice , Corrada Elena , Dini Carlotta Sorini , Briani Martina , Tedeschi Michele , Saia Francesco , Colombo Costanza , Rota Matteo , Oliva Fabrizio , Iannaccone Mario , De Ferrari Gaetano M. , Sionis Alessandro , Kapur Navin K. , Tavazzi Guido , Pappalardo Federico 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCardiogenic shock (CS) includes several phenotypes with heterogenous hemodynamic features. Timely prognostication is warranted to identify patients requiring treatment escalation. We explored the association of the updated Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) stages classification with in‐hospital mortality using a prospective national registry.MethodsBetween March 2020 and February 2022 the Altshock‐2 Registry has included 237 patients with CS of all etiologies at 11 Italian Centers. Patients were classified according to their admission SCAI stage (assigned prospectively and independently updated according to the recently released version). In‐hospital mortality was evaluated for association with both admission and 24‐h SCAI stages.ResultsThe overall in‐hospital mortality was 38%. Of the 237 patients included and staged according to the updated SCAI classification, 20 (8%) had SCAI shock stage B, 131 (55%) SCAI stage C, 61 (26%) SCAI stage D and 25 (11%) SCAI stage E. In‐hospital mortality stratified according to the SCAI classification at 24 h was 18% for patients in SCAI stage B, 27% for SCAI stage C, 63% for SCAI stage D and 100% for SCAI stage E. Both the revised SCAI stages on admission and at 24 h were associated with in‐hospital mortality, but the classification potential slightly increased at 24‐h. After adjusting for age, sex, lactate level, eGFR, CVP, inotropic score and mechanical circulatory support [MCS], SCAI classification at 24 h was an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality.ConclusionsIn the Altshock‐2 registry the utility of SCAI shock stages to identify risk of in‐hospital mortality increased at 24 h after admission. Escalation of treatment (either pharmacological or with MCS) should be tailored to achieve prompt clinical improvement within the first 24 h after admission. Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04295252.
Risk factors for percutaneous left ventricular assist device explant complications
Authors: Schott Jason P. , Rusia Akash , Lynch Stephen , Tawney Adam , Mustafa Syed F. , Balla Abdalla K. , Hanson Ivan D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionPercutaneous left ventricular assist device (pLVAD) explant remains nonstandardized with potential complications of bleeding and thrombosis. Explant settings include percutaneous techniques in the catheterization laboratory (CL), manually at bedside (MB), and surgically in the operating room (OR).ObjectiveIdentify high‐risk features for explant‐related complications, including indication for support, setting, and technique.MethodsPostexplant bleeding and thrombosis/limb ischemia were identified following pLVAD removals over 2 years at a multicenter healthcare system.ResultsOf 156 patients, bleeding (n = 26 [17%]) and thrombosis (n = 9 [6%]) occurred more often in patients with the peripheral arterial disease (PAD), female gender, anemia, and cardiogenic shock. OR explants had a higher combined endpoint (4/8 [50%]) versus CL (23/133 [17%], p < 0.05) driven by transfusion. There was no difference between OR versus MB (5/15 [33%], p = 0.66) or CL versus MB (p = 0.62). In shock patients, there was no difference between CL (7/30 [23%]) versus MB (5/15 [33%], p = 0.5) and OR (4/7 [57%], p = 0.16); or MB versus OR (p = 0.38). Average length of stay was significantly lower in the CL group versus MB and OR (3.6 ± 33.2 vs. 18.4 ± 10.9 vs. 28.1 ± 15.8 days, p < 0.0001). Preclosure in shock patients (5/25 [20%] vs. 11/27 [41%], p = 0.1383) and crossover balloon occlusion technique (9/44 [16%] vs. 25/112 [22%]; p = 1) were not associated with higher combined endpoints versus control.ConclusionRisk factors for pLVAD explant complications include PAD, female gender, and cardiogenic shock. There was no difference in complication rates between explant settings among cardiogenic shock patients, but shorter length of stay when performed in the CL. There was no difference in complication rates when using the crossover balloon occlusion technique.
Endovascular treatment after the fenestrated frozen elephant trunk technique
Authors: Okugi Satoshi , Koide Masaaki , Kunii Yoshifumi , Tateishi Minori , Shimbori Risa , Moriuchi Hiroki , Hayashi Masataka 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecently, several centers have performed total arch replacement using the fenestrated frozen elephant trunk technique for acute Stanford type‐A aortic dissection. However, the long‐term results and need for additional treatment following this procedure are unclear. We report a case of a 54‐year‐old man who underwent endovascular therapy for endoleaks after total arch replacement using the fenestrated frozen elephant trunk technique for acute type‐A aortic dissection with an isolated left vertebral artery. After the surgery, the endoleak was resolved, and the patient was asymptomatic with no neurological deficits. This strategy might be effective in similar cases.
Co‐based Catalysts for Selective H2O2Electroproduction via 2‐electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Zheng Ruixue , Meng Qinglei , Zhang Li , Ge Junjie , Liu Changpeng , Xing Wei , Xiao Meiling 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process is emerging as a promising alternative method to the conventional anthraquinone process. To realize high‐efficiency H2O2electrosynthesis, robust and low cost electrocatalysts have been intensively pursued, among which Co−based catalysts attract particular research interests due to the earth‐abundance and high selectivity. Here, we provide a comprehensive review on the advancement of Co−based electrocatalyst for H2O2electroproduction. The fundamental chemistry of 2‐electron ORR is discussed firstly for guiding the rational design of electrocatalysts. Subsequently, the development of Co−based electrocatalysts involving nanoparticles, compounds and single atom catalysts is summarized with the focus on active site identification, structure regulation and mechanism understanding. Moreover, the current challenges and future directions of the Co−based electrocatalysts are briefly summarized in this review.
From regression rank scores to robust inference for censored quantile regression
Authors: Sun Yuan , He Xuming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractQuantile regression for right‐ or left‐censored outcomes has attracted attention due to its ability to accommodate heterogeneity in regression analysis of survival times. Rank‐based inferential methods have desirable properties for quantile regression analysis, but censored data poses challenges to the general concept of ranking. In this article, we propose a notion of censored quantile regression rank scores, which enables us to construct rank‐based tests for quantile regression coefficients at a single quantile or over a quantile region. A model‐based bootstrap algorithm is proposed to implement the tests. We also illustrate the advantage of focusing on a quantile region instead of a single quantile level when testing the effect of certain covariates in a quantile regression framework.
General minimum lower‐order confounding three‐level split‐plot designs when the whole plot factors are important
Authors: Sun Tao , Zhao Shengli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThree‐level fractional factorial split‐plot (FFSP) designs with the whole plot (WP) factors being more important than the subplot factors are considered in the article. An aliased component‐number pattern of type WP (WP‐ACNP) is introduced for ranking such designs. The criterion of general minimum lower‐order confounding of type WP (WP‐GMC) is proposed based on WP‐ACNP. The expressions of the key components in WP‐ACNP are given via complementary sets. Some necessary conditions for FFSP designs to be WP‐GMC FFSP designs are given and some three‐level WP‐GMC FFSP designs are constructed and tabulated.
IPFS based file storage access control and authentication model for secure data transfer using block chain technique
Authors: Antony Saviour Mariyaprincy , Samiappan Dhandapani 
Published: November 2022

SummaryThe block chain is the emerging domain that offers the features like shared, immutable, and decentralized dataset that saves the asset's history. Security and storage are the most challenging aspect. The classical techniques' issues and challenges are an encouragement for developing a fresh block chain‐assisted IPFS model with access control policies. Hence, this research paper introduces an effective access control and authentication based on an interplanetary file system (IPFS)‐based block chain and access control system for attaining secured transactions. The developed method comprises five entities, that is smart contract, data owner, data requester, block chain and IPFS along with eight phases, to be exact setup, user registration, initialization, storage and data encryption, authentication, testing, access control, and decryption phase, to provide better access control and storage capacity. The proposed IPFS‐based block chain and access control system offered effective storage and secure transactions in the block chain network. The highest detection rate (0.870), lowest communication overhead (0.766 MB), and highest privacy rate (0.719) are all achieved by the proposed IPFS‐based block chain and access control system.
Computational Studies on the Structures of Nanographenes with Various Edge Functionalities
Authors: Takahashi Shusaku , Sekiya Ryo , Haino Takeharu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComputational studies have often been carried out on hydrogen‐terminated nanographenes (NGs). These structures are, however, far from those deduced from experimental observations, which have suggested armchair edges with two carboxy groups on the edges as dominant. We conducted computational studies on NGs consisting of C42, C60, C78, C96, C142, and C174 carbon atoms with hydrogen, carboxy, and N‐methyl imide‐terminated armchair edges. DFT calculations inform distorted basal planes and similar HOMO‐LUMO gaps, indicating that the edge oxidation and functionalization do not very influence the electronic structure. Comparison of observed UV‐vis spectra of carboxy‐ and N‐octadecyl chain terminated NGs with calculated spectra of model NGs informs the contribution of π‐π* transitions on the basal plane to the absorptions in the visible region. A dimeric structure of NG and octadecyl‐installed NG demonstrate that both the distorted basal planes and the steric contacts among the functional groups widen the surface‐to‐surface distance thereby allowing the invasion of solvent molecules between the surfaces. This picture is consistent with the improved solubility of edge‐modified NGs.
The soundscape of swarming: Proof of concept for a noninvasive acoustic species identification of swarming Myotis bats
Authors: Bergmann Anja , Burchardt Lara S. , Wimmer Bernadette , Kugelschafter Karl , Gloza‐Rausch Florian , Knörnschild Mirjam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBats emit echolocation calls to orientate in their predominantly dark environment. Recording of species‐specific calls can facilitate species identification, especially when mist netting is not feasible. However, some taxa, such as Myotis bats can be hard to distinguish acoustically. In crowded situations where calls of many individuals overlap, the subtle differences between species are additionally attenuated. Here, we sought to noninvasively study the phenology of Myotis bats during autumn swarming at a prominent hibernaculum. To do so, we recorded sequences of overlapping echolocation calls (N = 564) during nights of high swarming activity and extracted spectral parameters (peak frequency, start frequency, spectral centroid) and linear frequency cepstral coefficients (LFCCs), which additionally encompass the timbre (vocal “color”) of calls. We used this parameter combination in a stepwise discriminant function analysis (DFA) to classify the call sequences to species level. A set of previously identified call sequences of single flying Myotis daubentonii and Myotis nattereri, the most common species at our study site, functioned as a training set for the DFA. 90.2% of the call sequences could be assigned to either M. daubentonii or M. nattereri, indicating the predominantly swarming species at the time of recording. We verified our results by correctly classifying the second set of previously identified call sequences with an accuracy of 100%. In addition, our acoustic species classification corresponds well to the existing knowledge on swarming phenology at the hibernaculum. Moreover, we successfully classified call sequences from a different hibernaculum to species level and verified our classification results by capturing swarming bats while we recorded them. Our findings provide a proof of concept for a new noninvasive acoustic monitoring technique that analyses “swarming soundscapes” by combining classical acoustic parameters and LFCCs, instead of analyzing single calls. Our approach for species identification is especially beneficial in situations with multiple calling individuals, such as autumn swarming.
Spatial distribution and its limiting environmental factors of native orchid species diversity in the Beipan River Basin of Guizhou Province, China
Authors: Ye Chao , An Mingtai , Shi Jinzhu , Liu Feng , Zhang Yang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo understand the distribution of biodiversity and its determinants, particularly that of ecologically sensitive ones, has long been intriguing to the science community and will help formulate conservation strategies under future climate changes. To this end, we conducted extensive field surveys on the distribution of orchid flora in the Beipan River Basin in Guizhou Province, which is one of the biodiversity conservation priorities in China. The data we acquired, together with those published previously, were converted into orchid species richness for each of the 3 km × 3 km grid cells covering the study region. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) were then applied to determine which of the 30 environmental factors are potentially critical for the spatial distribution of orchid flora we have observed. Despite a moderate spatial extent, we found that the Beipan River Basin harbors about 249 native orchid species belonging to 74 genera, equivalent to 14.5% of orchid flora of China. Orchid species richness in this area follows a descending gradient from the southeast to the northwest, 70.41% of its variation among grid cells can be explained by environmental factors and spatial variables, and spatial variables accounted for 63.90% of the spatial variation of orchid distribution, indicating that spatial variables played a dominant role in the distribution of wild Orchidaceae species richness. In addition, the main environmental driver is the mean temperature of the wettest quarter. Our study provides a good example for revealing the main drivers of orchid distribution characteristics and has a certain reference value for the development of orchid conservation strategies.
Refining manual annotation effort of acoustic data to estimate bird species richness and composition: The role of duration, intensity, and time
Authors: Shaw Taylor , Schönamsgruber Sina‐Rebekka , Cordeiro Pereira João M. , Mikusiński Grzegorz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractManually annotating audio files for bird species richness estimation or machine learning validation is a time‐intensive task. A premium is placed on the subselection of files that will maximize the efficiency of unique additional species identified, to be used for future analyses. Using acoustic data collected in 17 plots, we created 60 subsetting scenarios across three gradients: intensity (minutes in an hour), day phase (dawn, morning, or both), and duration (number of days) for manual annotation. We analyzed the effect of these variables on observed bird species richness and assemblage composition at both the local and entire study area scale. For reference, results were also compared to richness and composition estimated by the traditional point count method. Intensity, day phase, and duration all affected observed richness in decreasing respective order. These variables also significantly affected observed assemblage composition (in the same order of effect size), but only the day phase produced compositional dissimilarity that was due to phenological traits of individual bird species, rather than differences in species richness. All annotation scenarios requiring equal sampling effort to point counts yielded higher species richness than the point count method. Our results show that a great majority of species can be obtained by annotating files at high sampling intensities (every 3 or 6 min) in the morning period (post‐dawn) over a duration of two days. Depending on a study's aim, different subsetting parameters will produce different assemblage compositions, potentially omitting rare or crepuscular species, species representing additional functional groups and natural history guilds, or species of higher conservation concern. We do not recommend one particular subsetting regime for all research objectives, but rather present multiple scenarios for researchers to understand how intensity, day phase, and duration interact to identify the best subsetting regime for one's particular research interests.
One‐pot Sequential Strategy to Prepare Organoselanyl and Organotellanyl Isoquinolinium Imides
Authors: Goulart Helen A. , Araujo Daniela R. , Barcellos Angelita M. , Jacob Raquel G. , Lenardão Eder J. , Perin Gelson 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHerein, we report an efficient, transition‐metal‐free and practical one‐pot sequential method for the synthesis of organochalcogenyl isoquinolinium imides. In this one‐pot two‐steps approach, N′‐(2‐alkynylbenzylidene) hydrazides were firstly prepared under ultrasound irradiation, followed by the addition of diorganyl dichalcogenides and Oxone®. A total of 25 organoselanyl isoquinolinium imides, being 22 unprecedented in the literature, were obtained in good to excellent yields (79–95 %) in short reaction times (30–70 min) using a range of 2‐alkynyl aldehydes and diaryl, dialkyl, and diheteroaryl diselenides as substrates. The methodology was extended to tellurium, affording for the first time, tellurium isoquinolinium imides, in good yields (70–80 %) after 120 min of reaction.
Energy and exergy analysis of solar air heater with trapezoidal ribs based absorber: A comparative analysis
Authors: Gogada Suresh , Roy Sujit , Gupta Ankur , Das Biplab , Ali Ehyaei Mehdi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe performance of a solar air heater (SAH) is computationally investigated in this study using COMSOL multiphysics software. The present study aims to enhance the performance of smooth SAH with the help of artificial roughness. To achieve the goal, trapezoidal ribs above (Model 1) and below (Model 2) the absorber were fixed. The thermo‐hydraulic characteristics of smooth SAH were compared with the thermo‐hydraulic performances of Model 1 and Model 2. The computations were made by varying the heat flux between 600 and 1000 W/m2, Reynolds number from 4000 to 7000, relative rib height (h/H) from 0.2 to 0.7, and a constant pitch of 15 mm. The maximum enhancement in Nusselt number (Nu) compared to smooth duct was 5.54 times for Model 1 and 5.42 times for Model 2 at a h/H = 0.7 at Re = 7000. The maximum increase in friction factor was 36.97 times more than the smooth duct. The thermal performance factor (TPF) at 1000 W/m2 ranged from 1.29 to 1.72 for Model 1 and 1.27 to 1.68 for Model 2. It is found that trapezoidal ribs of Model 1 with h/H of 0.6 has delivered a maximum TPF of 1.72 at Re = 7000. The optimized relative rib height was found to be 0.6. The maximum exergy efficiency of 10.40% was obtained for Model 1 with h/H of 0.6 and at 1000 W/m2.
Experimental research on adsorption characteristics of N2, CH4, and CO2 in coal under different temperatures and gas pressures
Authors: Xiao Tong , Li Shugang , Long Hang , Kong Xiangguo , Bai Yang , Qin Aoli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe coal deformation was induced by the gas adsorption of N2, CH4, and CO2. However, the differences between different gas adsorption performances and the deformation mechanism of coal need to be further studied. In this study, the experiments were conducted using self‐developed equipment to reveal the adsorption characteristics of different gases. The results showed that the gas adsorption capacity followed the sequence of CO2 > CH4 > N2. The gas adsorption capacity was negatively correlated with temperature. The maximum decrease in adsorption capacity (23.70%) was N2. The gas adsorption capacity was positively correlated with gas pressure. The maximum increase in gas adsorption capacity (232.79%) was N2. Correspondingly, the coal deformation of CO2 was the largest, and that of N2 was the smallest. The maximum decrease in deformation (31.09%) was CO2 during the temperature increase. The initial coal deformation rates of N2, CH4, and CO2 were 0.060, 0.091, and 0.042 mm·h−1, respectively. The maximum increase of deformation (234.65%) was CH4 with the gas pressure increase. The initial coal deformation rates of N2, CH4, and CO2 were 0.024, 0.045, and 0.016 mm·h−1, respectively. This work guided further clarifying the mechanism of different gases' adsorption capacity and coal deformation.
Rediscovering wood‐laden debris flow studies: A perspective from Japan
Authors: Koyanagi Kenta , Yamada Taku , Ishida Koji 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDebris flow is one of the dominant processes distributing large wood (LW) within mountainous catchments. However, little has been reviewed on wood‐laden debris flow (WLDF), presumably owing to limited reviewable works. This article, therefore, navigates the international readers through 40 years of WLDF studies, most of which have been published only in Japanese. Firstly, we reviewed the historical development of Japanese WLDF particularly focusing on the 1980s and the 1990s. A series of post‐disaster fieldworks from the July 1982 Nagasaki flood to the July 1990 Kumamoto flood provided 32 catchment‐scale wood budgeting data; empirical relationships among drainage area, dominant tree species, sediment yield, and wood loads associated with single debris flow disasters were illustrated. Secondly, the characteristics of WLDF were summarized based on relevant previous studies on the recruitment, transport, and deposition processes of LW during debris flows. Thirdly, we discussed the connectivity between those Japanese WLDF studies and international LW studies by relating/contrasting their research approaches and spatiotemporal scales. In contrast to global LW research trends, Japanese WLDF studies have almost exclusively regarded LW as hazardous materials (i.e., “driftwood” or “woody debris”) that need to be retained upstream of the inhabited areas. Those practice‐oriented WLDF studies were concentrated on drainage areas of 10−2 to 100 km2, representing 1–6 orders of magnitude smaller spatial scales than those generally covered by existing international LW studies. Strongly motivated by engineering requirements, “dynamic” interactions between debris flows and LW during floods have also been physically presented, mainly based on unique laboratory experiments involving steep flume (> 0.05) and mobile bed conditions. Finally, some future works for WLDF were briefly stated from practical and scientific perspectives. By “rediscovering” those WLDF studies domestically developed in Japanese debris flow channels since the 1980s, a more comprehensive understanding of LW dynamics in the river system may be achieved.