bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung resection surgery in Jehovah’s Witness patients: a 20-year single-center experience
Authors: Lee Andy Chao Hsuan , Ferguson Mark K. , Donington Jessica Scott 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The paucity of literature on surgical outcomes of Jehovah’s Witness (JW) patients undergoing lung resection suggests some patients with operable lung cancers may be denied resection. The aim of this study is to better understand perioperative outcomes and long-term cancer survival of JW patients undergoing lung resection.

Methods
All pulmonary resections in JW patients at one institution from 2000 through 2020 were examined. Demographics, comorbidities, operative parameters, and perioperative outcomes were reviewed. Among operations performed for primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), details regarding staging, extent of resection, additional therapies, recurrence, and survival were abstracted.

Results
Seventeen lung resections were performed in fourteen patients. There were nine anatomic resections and eight wedge resections. Fourteen resections (82%) were approached thoracoscopically, of which 3 of 6 anatomic resections were converted to thoracotomy as compared to 1 of 8 wedge resections. There was one (6%) perioperative death. Ten resections in 8 patients were performed for primary pulmonary malignancies, and two patients underwent procedures for recurrent disease. Median survival for resected NSCLCs (N = 7) was 65 months. Three of 6 patients who survived the immediate perioperative period underwent additional procedures: 2 pulmonary wedge resections for diagnosis and one pleural biopsy.

Conclusions
This series of JW patients undergoing lung resections demonstrates that resections for cancer and inflammatory etiologies can be performed safely in the setting of both primary and re-operative procedures.
Rare lysosomal disease registries: lessons learned over three decades of real-world evidence
Authors: Mistry P. K. , Kishnani P. , Wanner C. , Dong D. , Bender J. , Batista J. L. , Foster J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLysosomal storage disorders (LSD) are rare diseases, caused by inherited deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes/transporters, that affect 1 in 7000 to 1 in 8000 newborns. Individuals with LSDs face long diagnostic journeys during which debilitating and life-threatening events can occur. Clinical trials and classical descriptions of LSDs typically focus on common manifestations, which are not representative of the vast phenotypic heterogeneity encountered in real-world experience. Additionally, recognizing that there was a limited understanding of the natural history, disease progression, and real-world clinical outcomes of rare LSDs, a collaborative partnership was pioneered 30 years ago to address these gaps. The Rare Disease Registries (RDR) (for Gaucher, Fabry, Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, and Pompe), represent the largest observational database for these LSDs. Over the past thirty years, data from the RDRs have helped to inform scientific understanding and the development of comprehensive monitoring and treatment guidelines by creating a framework for data collection and establishing a standard of care, with an overarching goal to improve the quality of life of affected patients. Here, we highlight the history, process, and impact of the RDRs, and discuss the lessons learned and future directions.
Replication stress generates distinctive landscapes of DNA copy number alterations and chromosome scale losses
Authors: Shaikh Nadeem , Mazzagatti Alice , De Angelis Simone , Johnson Sarah C. , Bakker Bjorn , Spierings Diana C. J. , Wardenaar René , Maniati Eleni , Wang Jun , Boemo Michael A. , Foijer Floris , McClelland Sarah E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
A major driver of cancer chromosomal instability is replication stress, the slowing or stalling of DNA replication. How replication stress and genomic instability are connected is not known. Aphidicolin-induced replication stress induces breakages at common fragile sites, but the exact causes of fragility are debated, and acute genomic consequences of replication stress are not fully explored.

Results
We characterize DNA copy number alterations (CNAs) in single, diploid non-transformed cells, caused by one cell cycle in the presence of either aphidicolin or hydroxyurea. Multiple types of CNAs are generated, associated with different genomic regions and features, and observed copy number landscapes are distinct between aphidicolin and hydroxyurea-induced replication stress. Coupling cell type-specific analysis of CNAs to gene expression and single-cell replication timing analyses pinpointed the causative large genes of the most recurrent chromosome-scale CNAs in aphidicolin. These are clustered on chromosome 7 in RPE1 epithelial cells but chromosome 1 in BJ fibroblasts. Chromosome arm level CNAs also generate acentric lagging chromatin and micronuclei containing these chromosomes.

Conclusions
Chromosomal instability driven by replication stress occurs via focal CNAs and chromosome arm scale changes, with the latter confined to a very small subset of chromosome regions, potentially heavily skewing cancer genome evolution. Different inducers of replication stress lead to distinctive CNA landscapes providing the opportunity to derive copy number signatures of specific replication stress mechanisms. Single-cell CNA analysis thus reveals the impact of replication stress on the genome, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms which fuel chromosomal instability in cancer.
Efficacy of a formulation of sarolaner/moxidectin/pyrantel (Simparica Trio®) for the prevention of Thelazia callipaeda canine eyeworm infection
Authors: Bezerra-Santos Marcos Antonio , Mendoza-Roldan Jairo Alfonso , Sgroi Giovanni , Lia Riccardo Paolo , Venegoni Giulia , Solari Basano Fabrizio , Nele Roose , Mahabir Sean P. , Borowski Stasia , Geurden Thomas , Otranto Domenico 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
For a long time known as the oriental eyeworm, Thelazia callipaeda is a zoonotic nematode that infects the eyes of a wide range of vertebrate hosts including dogs, cats, wildlife carnivores, lagomorphs, and humans. The high occurrence of this infection in Europe and the first cases in the United States have increased scientific interest in the parasite, as it also represents a risk for people living in endemic areas. Therefore, treatment and prevention of thelaziosis in canine population are advocated to reduce the risk of human infection as well. Here, we assessed the efficacy of a formulation containing sarolaner/moxidectin/pyrantel (Simparica Trio®) administered orally at monthly intervals, for the prevention of establishment of infection with T. callipaeda in naturally infected dogs. In this formulation, moxidectin is expected to have efficacy against eyeworms, whereas sarolaner and pyrantel are not.

Methods
The study was conducted in eyeworm endemic areas of Italy and France, where dogs (n = 125) were assigned into two groups consisting of a negative control group (G1; n = 62), in which animals were treated monthly with a control product (sarolaner; Simparica®), and a treatment group (G2; n = 63) in which animals were treated monthly with Simparica Trio (sarolaner/moxidectin/pyrantel) from day 0 to day 150. In total, nine animals were withdrawn from the study (two animals became positive at day 30, and seven for reasons unrelated to eyeworm infection), resulting in 116 animals (n = 58 for G1; n = 58 for G2).

Results
In G1, 16 out of 58 animals (27.6%) were observed with eyeworms during the study, and none of the animals from G2 were ever observed with eyeworms, resulting in 100% efficacy (P < 0.0001) in the prevention of establishment of T. callipaeda infection. Adult nematodes and fourth-instar (L4)-stage larvae were recovered from the eyes of positive animals, counted, and morphologically identified as T. callipaeda. In addition, specimens from Italy were molecularly confirmed as belonging to the haplotype 1 (i.e., the only one circulating in Europe so far).

Conclusions
Data presented herein demonstrated 100% efficacy of Simparica Trio for the prevention of T. callipaeda eyeworm infection in dogs from highly endemic areas of France and Italy. The use of this formulation is advantageous, as it is a licensed product in Europe with a wide efficacy spectrum against other nematodes, multiple tick species, and fleas. In addition, preventing the development of infection in dogs could also be a prophylaxis measure for zoonotic T. callipaeda infection in humans inhabiting endemic areas.

Graphical Abstract
Monoclonal antibody treatment of COVID-19 in a pregnant woman with common variable immunodeficiency
Authors: Aberumand Babak , Kamal Ramy , McKinney Brock , Betschel Stephen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Since the first reported case of COVID-19, infections due to the virus have ranged from mild to severe. Patients with inborn errors of immunity are thought to be at increased risk for infections such as COVID-19 due to the nature of their disease and being immunocompromised. Similarly, pregnant women by nature of physiological changes in immunity are susceptible to infections and consequently are felt to be at greater risk of contracting COVID-19 with potential grave consequences for not only the mother but also the fetus. Early treatment with novel therapeutics against the SARS-CoV-2 virus to prevent progression and these complications is paramount.

Case Presentation
A 31-year-old woman with a 22-year history of common variable immunodeficiency on subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy and 24 weeks pregnant with her third child presented to the Emergency Department with two-day history of pharyngitis that progressed to include nasal and chest congestion, non-productive cough and shortness of breath. Her vitals indicated temperature of 35 degrees Celsius, heart rate of 109 beats per minute, blood pressure 142/92 mmHg, respiratory rate 22/min and an oxygen saturation of 99% on room air. A workup was done and she was found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus confirmed by PCR. She had a close contact, her husband, who had tested positive a few days prior. She had been previously vaccinated with three doses of the Moderna COVID-19 (Spikevax ®) vaccine. As she met the criteria for monoclonal antibody treatment, she received Sotrovimab on the same day of testing positive and tolerated it well with no side-effects. Her symptoms resolved within two to three days.

Conclusion
Our case, is the first to our knowledge, of a pregnant patient with common variable immunodeficiency diagnosed with COVID-19 and symptomatic successfully receiving treatment with Sotrovimab. Her rapid resolution of symptoms makes the use of monoclonal antibodies such as Sotrovimab a safe and useful option in this unique population.
A collaborative computation and dependency-aware task offloading method for vehicular edge computing: a reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Liu Guozhi , Dai Fei , Huang Bi , Qiang Zhenping , Wang Shuai , Li Lecheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVehicular edge computing (VEC) is emerging as a new computing paradigm to improve the quality of vehicular services and enhance the capabilities of vehicles. It enables performing tasks with low latency by deploying computing and storage resources close to vehicles. However, the traditional task offloading schemes only focus on one-shot offloading, taking less into consideration task dependency. Furthermore, the continuous action space problem during task offloading should be considered. In this paper, an efficient dependency-aware task offloading scheme for VEC with vehicle-edge-cloud collaborative computation is proposed, where subtasks can be processed locally or can be offloaded to an edge server, or a cloud server for execution. Specifically, first, the directed acyclic graph (DAG) is utilized to model the dependency of subtasks. Second, a task offloading algorithm based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) was proposed to obtain the optimal offloading strategy in a vehicle-edge-cloud environment, which efficiently solves the continuous control problem and helps reach fast convergence. Finally, extensive simulation experiments have been conducted, and the experimental results show that the proposed scheme can improve performance by about 13.62% on average against three baselines.
Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid-Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Shaft Wall Structure Under Uneven Load
Authors: Yao Zhishu , Xu Yongjie , Zhang Ping , Fang Yu , Wang Chen , Diao Naihao , Hu Kun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo prevent damage to shaft walls in mines due to uneven loading, the mechanical properties of a shaft wall structure made of hybrid-fiber-reinforced concrete were studied. First, through orthogonal testing, the optimal mix proportion of the hybrid-fiber-reinforced concrete was obtained. Subsequently, a numerical calculation model of the shaft wall structure under uneven loading was established. The calculation results showed that the structure exhibits a tensile stress under the action of uneven loading and that its bearing capacity can be improved using the hybrid-fiber-reinforced concrete. Based on the numerical simulation results, a calculation formula for the bearing capacity of the shaft wall was obtained by regression. Finally, a model test was conducted on the shaft lining structure. The results obtained were consistent with those obtained using the numerical simulation regression formula, confirming the reliability of the numerical simulation results. This study showed that a hybrid-fiber-reinforced concrete shaft wall structure can better withstand uneven loads and has improved brittle failure characteristics. Hybrid-fiber-reinforced concrete is an excellent material for deep shaft wall structures.
Midpalatal suture bone repair after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion in adults
Authors: Naveda Rodrigo , dos Santos Alexandre Magno , Seminario María Pía , Miranda Felicia , Janson Guilherme , Garib Daniela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Midpalatal suture (MPS) repair in growing patients after RPE has been previously reported. However, differences between young and adult patients for timing and pattern of MPS repair after rapid maxillary expansion are expected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the midpalatal suture repair pattern after miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in adult patients.

Materials and methods
The study included 21 patients (six males, 15 females) successfully treated with MARPE with a mean initial age of 29.1 years of age (SD = 8.0; range = 20.1–45.1). MPS repair was evaluated using maxillary axial and coronal sections derived from CBCT exams taken 16 months after the expansion (SD = 5.9). Objective and subjective assessments of MPS repair were performed. Objective assessments were performed measuring MPS bone density at anterior, median and posterior region of hard palate. Pre-expansion and post-retention bone density changes were evaluated using paired t tests (p < 0.05). Midpalatal suture bone repair was scored 0 to 3 considering, respectively, the complete absence of bone repair in the MPS, the repair of less than 50% of the MPS, the repair of more than 50% of the MPS and the complete repair of the MPS. Intra- and interexaminer reliability evaluation were assessed using Kappa coefficient.

Results
The objective evaluation showed a significant higher bone density at the pre-expansion stage in all palatal regions. The reliability of the subjective method was adequate with intra- and interexaminer agreements varying from 0.807 to 0.904. Scores 1, 2 and 3 were found in 19.05%, 38.09% and 42.86% of the sample, respectively. The most common region demonstrating absence of bone repair was the middle third. The anterior third of the midpalatal suture was repaired in all patients.

Conclusions
A decreased bone density was observed after the retention period when compared to pre-expansion stage. Most adult patients demonstrated incomplete repair of the midpalatal suture 16 months after MARPE. However, adequate bone repair covering more than half of the hard palate extension was observed in 80.95% of the patients.
Attitudes and practices in the laboratory monitoring of conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs by rheumatologists and rheumatology trainees
Authors: Tsakas James J. , Liew David F. L. , Adams Cameron L. , Hill Catherine L. , Proudman Susanna , Whittle Samuel , Buchbinder Rachelle , Robinson Philip C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
There is scant research about laboratory monitoring in people taking conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) for rheumatic disease. Our objective was to conduct a scoping study to assess the range of current attitudes and the variation in practice of laboratory monitoring of csDMARDs by rheumatologists and trainees.

Methods
Australian and overseas rheumatologists or trainees were invited through newsletter, Twitter and personal e-mail, to complete an anonymous online survey between 1 February and 22 March 2021. Questions focused on laboratory tests requested by csDMARD prescribed, frequency/pattern of monitoring, influence of additional factors and combination therapy, actions in response to abnormal tests, and attitudes to monitoring frequencies. Results were presented descriptively and analysed using linear and logistic regression.

Results
There were 221 valid responses. Most respondents were from Australia (n = 53, 35%) followed by the US (n = 39, 26%), with a slight preponderance of women (n = 84, 56%), ≥ 11 years in rheumatology practice (n = 83, 56%) and in mostly public practice (n = 79, 53%). Respondents had a wide variation in the frequency and scheduling of tests. In general, respondents reported increasing monitoring frequency if patients had numerous comorbidities or if both methotrexate and leflunomide were being taken concurrently. There was a wide variety of responses to abnormal monitoring results and 27 (40%) considered that in general, monitoring tests are performed too frequently.

Conclusions
The results demonstrated a wide variation in the frequency of testing, factors that should influence this, and what responses to abnormal test results are appropriate, indicates a likely lack of evidence and the need to define the risks, benefits and costs of different csDMARD monitoring regimens.
Blunt traumatic aortic injury to the brachiocephalic and left carotid arteries
Authors: Inaba Yu , Iida Yasunori , Oka Hidetoshi , Miki Takahisa , Hachiya Takashi , Shimizu Hideyuki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlunt traumatic aortic injury (BTAI) is a life-threatening pathology that most commonly occurs after traffic accidents or a fall from a considerable height. We report a rare case of traumatic double transection which included the brachiocephalic artery (BCA) and left carotid artery (LCA) following a motorcycle accident.Case presentationA 52-year-old man was brought to our emergency room for blunt trauma. Urgent computed tomography (CT) indicated BCA and LCA transection. Two weeks after the BTAI, CT indicated an increase in the size of the BCA pseudoaneurysm, a newly developed LCA pseudoaneurysm, and a spread of hematoma. An emergency partial aortic arch replacement including BCA and LCA reconstruction was performed 17 days after the BTAI. The postoperative course was good, and he was discharged 12 days later.ConclusionsAn open aortic repair appeared to be more suited in the present case because the aortic injury occurred in a branched lesion of the aortic arch. It was thought that complete stent graft coverage of the transection lesion would be difficult. Although coexisting multiple system injuries complicate aortic repair, there was a rapid enlargement of the BCA and LCA pseudoaneurysms. Therefore, strict management is needed even in the case of cervical artery injury.
Shadow enhancers modulate distinct transcriptional parameters that differentially effect downstream patterning events
Authors: Whitney Peter H. , Shrestha Bikhyat , Xiong Jiahan , Zhang Tom , Rushlow Christine A. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Transcription in the early Drosophila blastoderm is coordinated by the collective action of hundreds of enhancers. Many genes are controlled by so-called ‘shadow enhancers’, which provide resilience to environment or genetic insult, allowing the embryo to robustly generate a precise transcriptional pattern. Emerging evidence suggests that many shadow enhancer pairs do not drive identical expression patterns, but the biological significance of this remains unclear. In this study, we characterize the shadow enhancer pair controlling the gene short gastrulation (sog). We removed either the intronic proximal enhancer or the upstream distal enhancer and monitored sog transcriptional kinetics. Notably, each enhancer differs in sog spatial expression, timing of activation and RNA Polymerase II loading rates. In addition, modeling of individual enhancer activities demonstrates that these enhancers integrate activation and repression signals differently. Whereas activation is due to the sum of the two enhancer activities, repression appears to depend on synergistic effects between enhancers. Finally, we examined the downstream signaling consequences resulting from the loss of either enhancer, and found changes in tissue patterning that can be explained by the differences in transcriptional kinetics measured.
Prepectoral Versus Subpectoral Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ostapenko Edvin , Nixdorf Larissa , Devyatko Yelena , Exner Ruth , Wimmer Kerstin , Fitzal Florian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) remains the standard and most popular option for women undergoing breast reconstruction after mastectomy worldwide. Recently, prepectoral IBBR has resurged in popularity, despite limited data comparing prepectoral with subpectoral IBBR.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed and Cochrane Library from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2021, was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines, data were extracted by independent reviewers. Studies that compared prepectoral with subpectoral IBBR for breast cancer were included.

Results
Overall, 15 studies with 3,101 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Our results showed that patients receiving prepectoral IBBR experienced fewer capsular contractures (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32–0.92; P = 0.02), animation deformity (OR, 0.02; 95% CI, 0.00–0.25; P = 0.002), and prosthesis failure (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.42–0.80; P = 0.001). There was no significant difference between prepectoral and subpectoral IBBR in overall complications (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.64–1.09; P = 0.19), seroma (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.59-2.51; P = 0.60), hematoma (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.49–1.18; P = 0.22), infection (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.63–1.20; P = 0.39), skin flap necrosis (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.45–1.08; P = 0.11), and recurrence (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.52–3.39; P = 0.55). Similarly, no significant difference was found in Breast-Q scores between the prepectoral and subpectoral IBBR groups.

Conclusions
The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that prepectoral, implant-based, breast reconstruction is a safe modality and has similar outcomes with significantly lower rates of capsular contracture, prosthesis failure, and animation deformity compared with subpectoral, implant-based, breast reconstruction.