bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing Two‐Qubit Non‐Classical Correlations and Non‐Locality in Mixed Local Dephasing Noisy Channels
Authors: Rahman Atta Ur , Khedif Youssef , Javed Muhammad , Ali Hazrat , Daoud Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe dephasing effects of two independent local mixed static‐Ornstein Uhlenbeck (STC‐OUK) noisy channels on the dynamics of two‐qubit non‐classical correlations, non‐locality, and entanglement are addressed. Here, i) local quantum Fisher information; ii) local quantum uncertainty; iii) uncertainty‐induced non‐locality; iv) Bell non‐locality; and v) negativity to quantify two‐qubit non‐classical correlations, non‐locality and entanglement, respectively, and their loss under the influence of mixed noise are used. The findings show that measure (i) compared to measure (ii) remains more effective in demonstrating non‐classical correlations. For the two‐qubit state with maximum purity, measure (iii) remains less fragile to the mixed STC‐OUK noise than measure (iv) but gets more vulnerable as the initial purity of the two‐qubit state falls. It is intriguing that measures (i), (ii), and (v) completely freeze after a particular interval, yet measures (iii) and (iv) remains partially preserved indefinitely. When compared to other two‐qubit correlation quantifiers, measure (v) exhibits non‐Markovian behavior and the phenomenon of sudden death and birth. Markovian and non‐Markovian dynamical maps, and extended two‐qubit correlations, can be induced by optimizing the current configuration. Finally, under the influence of mixed dephasing effects, robust and strengthened quantum correlations beyond entanglement in the two‐qubit Werner state is shown.
Dynamics of Electron Pearcey– Gaussian Beams in a Constant Magnetic Field
Authors: He Xingyi , Huang Haoyu , Xu Chuangjie , Deng Xiaofang , Wu You , Tang Huilin , Xu Danlin , Luo Shengbao , Liu Jiatian , Wu Ruihuan , Deng Dongmei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA new kind of electron Pearcey‐Gaussian beam (EPGB) with auto‐focusing properties in the presence of an additional magnetic field is introduced, which is composed of the multiplication of the Pearcey function and the Gaussian function. The closed‐form expressions of the EPGBs are obtained. Based on different initial transverse velocities, different dynamics of the EPGBs are presented. The effect of the magnetic field toward the maximum focusing plane is also demonstrated. The analytical results are in excellent agreement with direct numerical simulations.
Tunneling in a Rippled Graphene Superlattice with Spin Dependence and a Mass Term
Authors: El‐hassouny Jaouad , Jellal Ahmed , Atmani El Houssine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe insertion of the band gap Δ in a rippled graphene superlattice leads to new outcomes, as demonstrated. The essential thing is the appearance of opposite‐spin transmissions, which increases with Δ and vanishes without it. Furthermore, compared to the scenario, the duration of the suppression of the transmission with the same spin is longer, with many peaks. The maximum value of transmissions with the same spin declines and remains around unity. Furthermore, for particular energy values, a shift in the behavior of the transmission channels is found. As a result, it is demonstrated that with Δ, transmission filtering becomes crucial. Finally, as a result of the band gap, distinct variations in total conductance are discovered.
The 100th Anniversary of Einstein's Nobel Prize: Facts and Fiction
Authors: Friedman Robert Marc 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs the 100th anniversary approaches of Albert Einstein being awarded a Nobel Prize, questions remain about the motivation for the prize and about the absence of any specific mention of his theory of relativity. By revisiting and supplementing earlier scholarly studies, it will be shown that “Einstein did not receive, as often claimed, a prize for his theory of the photoelectric effect and that committee member Allvar Gullstrand's error in comprehending relativity was not the cause for rejecting this strongly nominated achievement.” Rather, in their evaluations of relativity, “Svante Arrhenius (1920) and Gullstrand (1921 & 1922) brought to the task bias, if not prejudice; they incorporated arguments from the German ultranationalist experimental physicists’ politically and racially motivated opposition to Einstein and his theories of relativity and gravitation. Only when Carl Wilhelm Oseen joined the committee in 1922, he nominated, evaluated, and proposed a prize for the discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.” The precise wording and deliberate silence about Einstein's quantum theoretical derivation of the law owes to Oseen's insightful understanding of the challenges facing any effort to award a Nobel Prize to both Einstein and Niels Bohr.
Near‐Infrared Light‐Driven Photoredox Catalysis by Transition‐Metal‐Complex Nanodots
Authors: Wang Lele , Sa Rongjian , Wei Yingcong , Ma Xiongfeng , Lu Chenggang , Huang Haowei , Fron Eduard , Liu Ming , Wang Wei , Huang Shuping , Hofkens Johan , Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Wang Yan‐jie , Wang Junhui , Long Jinlin , Fu Xianzhi , Yuan Rusheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeveloping light‐harvesting materials with broad spectral response is of fundamental importance in full‐spectrum solar energy conversion. We found that, when a series of earth‐abundant metal (Cu, Co, Ni and Fe) salts are dissolved in coordinating solvents uniformly dispersed nanodots (NDs) are formed rather than fully dissolving as molecular species. The previously unrecognized formation of this condensed state is ascribed to spontaneous aggregation of molecular transition‐metal‐complexes (TMCs) via weak intermolecular interactions, which results in redshifted and broadened absorption into the NIR region (200–1100 nm). Typical photoredox reactions, such as carbonylation and oxidative dehydrogenation, well demonstrate the feasibility of efficient utilization of NIR light (λ>780 nm) by TMCs NDs. Our finding provides a conceptually new strategy for extending the absorption towards low energy photons in solar energy harvesting and conversion via photoredox transformations.
Lipid Mass Tags via Aziridination for Probing Unsaturated Lipid Isomers and Accurate Relative Quantification**
Authors: Yang Tingyuan , Tang Shuli , Kuo Syuan‐Ting , Freitas Dallas , Edwards Madison , Wang Hongying , Sun Yuxiang , Yan Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractKnowing concentrations of lipids is essential for understanding their physiological functions and discovering new disease biomarkers. However, it is highly challenging to accurately quantify lipids due to structural diversity and multiple isomeric forms of lipids. To address these critical gaps, we have developed a novel aziridine‐based isobaric tag labelling strategy that allows (i) determination of lipid double‐bond positional isomers, (ii) accurate relative quantification of unsaturated lipids, and (iii) improvement of ionization efficiencies of nonpolar lipids. The power of this method is demonstrated in characterization and quantification of various categories of lipids such as fatty acids, phosphoglycerol lipids, cholesteryl esters (CE), and glycerides. 17 CE lipid isomers were identified and quantified simultaneously from Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse serum without using lipid standards. Among them, 6 CE isomers showed significant changes in concentrations in AD serum.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Urea Electrolysis: From Nitrite and Cyanate as Major Products to Nitrogen Evolution
Authors: Tatarchuk Stephen W. , Medvedev Jury J. , Li Feng , Tobolovskaya Yulia , Klinkova Anna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical urea oxidation reaction (UOR) to N2 represents an efficient route to simultaneous nitrogen removal from N‐enriched waste and production of renewable fuels at the cathode. However, the overoxidation of urea to NOx− usually dominates over its oxidation to N2 at Ni(OH)2‐based anodes. Furthermore, detailed reaction mechanisms of UOR remain unclear, hindering the rational catalyst design. We found that UOR to NOx− on Ni(OH)2 is accompanied by the formation of near stoichiometric amount of cyanate (NCO−), which enabled the elucidation of UOR mechanisms. Based on our experimental and computational findings, we show that the formation of NOx− and N2 follows two distinct vacancy‐dependent pathways. We also demonstrate that the reaction selectivity can be steered towards N2 formation by altering the composition of the catalyst, e.g., doping the catalyst with copper (Ni0.8Cu0.2(OH)2) increases the faradaic efficiency of N2 from 30 % to 55 %.
Low‐temperature Water‐gas Shift Reaction Enhanced by Oxygen Vacancies in Pt‐loaded Porous Single‐crystalline Oxide Monoliths
Authors: Xi Shaobo , Zhang Jie , Xie Kui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWater‐gas shift (WGS) reaction at low temperature plays an important role in hydrogen production from fossil fuels and hydrogen purification for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells. However, the activation of H2O is a critical reaction step that greatly limits the overall performance during WGS reaction. Here we fabricate porous single‐crystalline (PSC) MoO3monoliths at 1 cm scale and deposit atomic‐layered Pt clusters at the lattice surface to create the interfacial system toward the low‐temperature WGS reaction. The single‐crystalline nature stabilizes the oxygen vacancies (VO) at lattice and facilitates the effective activation of H2O at the interface. We show the highest Pt‐normalized activity of 0.86 molCO molPt−1 s−1for the ultra‐low temperature WGS reaction at 120 °C. The single‐crystalline features with enhanced fluxion in porous architectures lead to outstanding performance without visible degradation even after continuous operation for 100 hours.
N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) boosted photoluminescence: Synthesis, structures, and photophysical properties of bpy/phen‐Au(III)‐NHC complexes
Authors: Maity Lakshmikanta , Barik Sahadev , Biswas Raju , Natarajan Ramalingam , Dinda Joydev 
Published: August 2022

Herein, we first present synthesis, structures, luminescent properties, and electrochemistry of gold(III)‐N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes fasten with 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10′‐phenanthroline (phen). Starting from the proligand 3‐[pyridin‐3‐yl]imidazo[1,5‐a]pyridin‐4‐ylium hexafluorophosphate (1·HPF6), two novel complexes, namely, [Au(1)(bpy)Cl][PF6]2 (2) and [Au(1)2(phen)][PF6]3 (3), have been synthesized and characterized by several spectroscopic techniques. Finally, the solid‐state structures of 2, 3, and precursors [Au(bpy)Cl2][PF6] and [Au(phen)Cl2][PF6] have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. The absorption, emission, and lifetime properties of 2 and 3 have been compared with the precursors [Au(bpy)Cl2][PF6] and [Au(phen)Cl2][PF6] to observe the influence of NHC. Though the precursors [Au(bpy)Cl2][PF6] and [Au(phen)Cl2][PF6] are non‐luminescent, yet complexes 2 and 3 are luminescent. A combination of the chromophoric and π‐acid bpy/phen ligand in Au(III) complexes with the strong σ‐donor NHC ligand significantly enhanced the emission properties of the complexes. The blue emission of 2 and 3 in 390–500 nm regions has been tentatively ascribed to arise from intraligand and metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transitions; also, partial contributions are expected from hydrogen‐bonding interactions. Cyclic voltammetric studies revealed Au(III) → Au(I) and Au(I) → Au(0) reductions at ~ −0.35 to ‐0.29 V and ~ −1.20 to ‐1.15 V, and the potentials are compared with precursors.
A comprehensive approach to pecan nut valorization: Extraction and characterization of soluble and insoluble‐bound phenolics
Authors: Rodrigues Naira Poerner , Pechina Bruno Diniz Rocha , Sarkis Júlia Ribeiro 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPecan nuts are known for having high‐phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. In the present work, exhaustive extraction and LC–MS analysis of the soluble (SP) and insoluble‐bound phenolics (IBP) from pecan nut cake were performed. Its SP fraction (1.72 mg/g) is composed of ellagic acid, its glycosylated derivatives and gallic acid. The IBP fraction (2.20 mg/g) includes hydrolysable tannins derived from ellagic and gallic acids and proanthocyanidins from (epi)catechin and (epi)gallocatechin monomers; comprising 56% of the total phenolic content in pecan. Ellagic acid is the main phenolic found in both extracts corresponding to 1.96 mg/g of pecan nut cake. In addition, the extraction of the main SP found in pecan nut cake (ellagic acid and its derivatives) was optimized. The optimal conditions for SP extraction (40% ethanol, 85°C, and 60 ml/g) were able to extract 77% of the total ellagic acid found in pecan nut cake. In addition, the optimized condition for SP extraction (without the heated acid and methanol applied in IBP extraction) released a substantial quantity of ellagic acid and its glycosylated derivatives that are likely noncovalently absorbed in the pecan matrix. Therefore, the extraction process proposed in the present work shows considerably high efficiency using aqueous ethanol and high temperatures for the obtention of phenolics, particularly of ellagic acid, from pecan nut cake.
Synthesis of thiol‐functionalized resin and its adsorption of heavy metal ions
Authors: Zhu Meiling , Wang Xiaolin , Huang Yun , Yue Ling , Zhong Shihua , Zeng Lihua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, the thiol‐functionalized resin (PMA‐SH) was prepared directly by a one‐step reaction of polymethyl acrylate resin (PMA) and 1,2‐ethanedithiol, and it was applied to the adsorption of Pb2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+ in aqueous solution. The effects of initial concentration, temperature, contact time, and electrolyte on the adsorption of Pb2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+ were investigated. At 308 K, the saturated adsorption capacity of PMA‐SH on Pb2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+ is found to be 0.94, 0.88, and 0.41 mmol/g, respectively. In addition, the experimental adsorption data were consistent with the Redlich–Peterson model and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Overall, PMA‐SH exhibited good reuse performance as well as excellent adsorption performance for Pb2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+.
Glucose‐sensitive structural color change of cholesteric liquid crystal formed by hydroxypropyl cellulose with phenylboronic acid moieties
Authors: Miyagi Kazuma , Takano Toshiyuki , Teramoto Yoshikuni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeveloping durable and simple glucose sensing materials is essential to enable the general population an easy method for testing their glucose levels under different environmental conditions. Hence, materials that enable enzyme‐free and intuitive glucose sensing are required. In this study, a system based on an aqueous solution, which enables simple colorimetric glucose detection without the use of enzymes, was developed. The solutions were prepared by dissolving hydroxypropyl cellulose with phenylboronic acid (PBA) moieties (PBA‐HPC) in water. The aqueous solutions with a high concentration of PBA‐HPC formed a lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) and exhibited structural color originating from the selective reflection of circularly polarized light. PBA‐HPC ChLC aqueous solutions exhibited a color change in response to the increase in the glucose concentration in the solutions. This can be attributed to the change in the side‐chain structure of the PBA‐HPC caused by the formation of a complex between the PBA moieties and glucose, which induced a change in the cholesteric helical pitch. Thus, the proposed system can be used as a durable and simple enzyme‐free glucose sensing material.
Development of scaffolds based in blends of poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) and poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam‐co‐butylacrylate) with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) for tissue engineering: Synthesis, processing, characterization, and biological assay
Authors: Nahra Sara R. , Oliveira Maurício P. , de Macedo Erenilda Ferreira , Hurtado Carolina Ramos , Tada Dayane B. , Guerrini Lília M. , Antonielli Eduardo , de Almeida Ribeiro Oliveira Gerlon , Lião Luciano Morais , Cristovan Fernando H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConductive polymers can stimulate the adhesion and proliferation of several cell types being an interesting material to be applied in the field of tissue engineering. In this application, the addition of a thermosensitive polymer has been pointed out as an attractive strategy to improve mechanical strength and to provide conformation changes at temperature close to human body temperature. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the physical–chemical properties and promotion of cell proliferation and possible application as scaffolds for tissue engineering of blends of poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) and poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam‐co‐butylacrylate) (PNVCL‐co‐ABu) with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT). Both polymers were synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. The materials were processed in films form for structural characterization, impedance measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis. The in vitro biological assays were performed using the materials as electrospun mats. The FT‐IR was also used to characterize the blends. The addition of P3HT did not change thermal stability and showed low conductivity values of the blends. Comparing the in vitro behavior of the blends and the polymers it was possible to conclude that the presence of P3HT improved cytocompatibility and promoted cell proliferation.
Needle to needle robot‐assisted manufacture of cell therapy products
Authors: Ochs Jelena , Hanga Mariana P. , Shaw Georgina , Duffy Niamh , Kulik Michael , Tissin Nokilaj , Reibert Daniel , Biermann Ferdinand , Moutsatsou Panagiota , Ratnayake Shibani , Nienow Alvin , Koenig Niels , Schmitt Robert , Rafiq Qasim , Hewitt Christopher J. , Barry Frank , Murphy J. Mary 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdvanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs) have emerged as novel therapies for untreatable diseases, generating the need for large volumes of high‐quality, clinically‐compliant GMP cells to replace costly, high‐risk and limited scale manual expansion processes. We present the design of a fully automated, robot‐assisted platform incorporating the use of multiliter stirred tank bioreactors for scalable production of adherent human stem cells. The design addresses a needle‐to‐needle closed process incorporating automated bone marrow collection, cell isolation, expansion, and collection into cryovials for patient delivery. AUTOSTEM, a modular, adaptable, fully closed system ensures no direct operator interaction with biological material; all commands are performed through a graphic interface. Seeding of source material, process monitoring, feeding, sampling, harvesting and cryopreservation are automated within the closed platform, comprising two clean room levels enabling both open and closed processes. A bioprocess based on human MSCs expanded on microcarriers was used for proof of concept. Utilizing equivalent culture parameters, the AUTOSTEM robot‐assisted platform successfully performed cell expansion at the liter scale, generating results comparable to manual production, while maintaining cell quality postprocessing.
Efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Bang Kyunghye , Casadei‐Gardini Andrea , Yoo Changhoon , Iavarone Massimo , Ryu Min‐Hee , Park Sook Ryun , Kim Hyung‐Don , Yoon Young‐In , Jung Dong‐Hwan , Park Gil‐Chun , Ahn Chul‐Soo , Moon Deok‐Bog , Hwang Shin , Kim Ki‐Hun , Song Gi‐Won , Mazzarelli Chiara , Alimenti Eleonora , Chan Stephen L. , De Giorgio Massimo , Ryoo Baek‐Yeol , Lee Sung‐Gyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionLenvatinib is approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic or recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, clinical outcomes of lenvatinib therapy in patients with post‐liver transplantation (LT) HCC recurrence remain unclear. We investigated the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib in patients with post‐LT HCC recurrence.MethodsThis multinational, multicenter, retrospective study included 45 patients with recurrent HCC after LT who received lenvatinib at six institutions in three countries (Korea, Italy, and Hong Kong) from June 2017 to October 2021.ResultsAt the time of lenvatinib initiation, 95.6% (n = 43) of patients had Child–Pugh A status, and 35 (77.8%) and 10 (22.2%) participants were classified as having albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grades 1 and 2, respectively. The objective response rate was 20.0%. With a median follow‐up duration of 12.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.2–14.7), the median progression‐free survival and overall survival (OS) were 7.6 (95% CI: 5.3–9.8) months, and 14.5 (95% CI: 0.8–28.2) months, respectively. Patients with ALBI grade 1 showed significantly better OS (52.3 months, [95% CI: not assessable]) than patients with ALBI grade 2 (11.1 months [95% CI: 0.0–30.4 months], p = 0.003). The most common adverse events were hypertension (n = 25, 55.6%), fatigue (n = 17, 37.8%), and anorexia (n = 14, 31.1%).ConclusionLenvatinib showed consistent efficacy and toxicity profiles in patients with post‐LT HCC recurrence that were comparable to those reported from previous studies among non‐LT HCC patients. The baseline ALBI grade correlated with better OS in post‐LT lenvatinib‐treated patients.
Single‐Layer 2D Ni−BDC MOF Obtained in Supercritical CO2‐Assisted Aqueous Solution
Authors: Chang Hongwei , Zhou Yannan , Zheng Xiaoli , Liu Wei , Xu Qun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of an efficient strategy for fabricating two‐dimensional metal‐organic framework (MOF) nanosheets with high yield and high stability is desirable. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time that large, single‐layer 2D nickel‐benzene dicarboxylate (Ni−BDC) MOF nanosheets can be fabricated with the assistance of supercritical (SC) CO2 in a pure aqueous system. Detailed experimental evidence reveals that the SC CO2 molecule can exchange with the lattice‐coordinated H2O molecules, side‐on coordinate with the metal Ni1 sites on the Ni−BDC surface, and finally break the interlayer hydrogen bond to exfoliate the bulk Ni−BDC into a 2D MOF. More importantly, a thin SC CO2 layer building up at the water−Ni−BDC interfaces can transform the pristine hydrophilic interface into a super‐hydrophobic one. This super‐hydrophobic layer at the water‐MOF interface can effectively prevent dissociation, thus promoting the stability of Ni−BDC in aqueous system.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Acrylate Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide and Ethylene by using a Guanidine‐Based Pincer Ligand: Perturbing Occupied d‐Orbitals by pπ‐dπ Repulsion Makes a Difference
Authors: Takegasa Shinnosuke , Lee Ming Min , Tokuhiro Kei , Nakano Ryo , Yamashita Makoto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRhodium‐catalyzed acrylate synthesis from CO2 and ethylene was accomplished by using a guanidine‐based NCN pincer ligand. The repulsion between pπ‐electron of guanidine sidearms and occupied dπ orbital of rhodium center raised the level of d‐electrons close to those of formerly known d8‐ruthenium catalyst, thereby promoting the metallalactone formation from carbon dioxide and ethylene. This work fills the absence of group‐9 metal based catalyst for the acrylate synthesis and provides a designing approach for pincer‐ligated d8‐metal catalysts to utilize pπ‐dπ interaction for promoting desirable redox processes.