bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Flexion zur Entlassung ist kein Prädiktor der Gelenkfunktion ein Jahr nach Knietotalendoprothese
Authors: Richter Janice , Matziolis Georg , Kahl Uwe 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Thema
In der Knieendoprothetik spielt das Bewegungsausmaß des operierten Gelenks eine wichtige Rolle. Als Qualitätskriterium wird eine Flexion von mindestens 90° zum Entlassungszeitpunkt angesetzt und als prädiktiver Wert für das Outcome ein Jahr nach Operation unterstellt. Dieser Zusammenhang ist dabei allerdings noch nicht belegt und soll in der vorliegenden Arbeit thematisiert werden.

Methodik
Insgesamt wurden die Daten von 182 Patienten bzw. Gelenken retrospektiv ausgewertet. Outcomes wurden präoperativ, zur Entlassung, nach 6 Wochen und nach einem Jahr postoperativ erfasst. Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellung wurde das Bewegungsausmaß (ROM) des Kniegelenks ermittelt sowie KSS, SF-36, WOMAC, EQ-5D und VAS zur Beurteilung von Funktion und Lebensqualität erhoben. Es wurden 2 Gruppen abhängig vom Erreichen des 90°-Ziels zur Entlassung erstellt und nach 6 Wochen sowie ein Jahr nach Operation miteinander verglichen.

Ergebnisse
Die Flexion des Kniegelenks zwischen den beiden Gruppen war zum Entlassungszeitpunkt (E) mit 91° gegenüber 70° signifikant unterschiedlich (p < 0,001). Nach 6 Wochen näherten sich die Flexionswerte auf 112° ± 13° (E > 90°) vs. 106° ± 14° (E < 90°) an (p = 0,001). Ein Jahr postoperativ konnte bei einer Flexion von durchschnittlich 122° ± 10° (E > 90°) vs. 120° ± 10° (E < 90°) weder ein Unterschied bezüglich der ROM (p = 0,57) noch bezüglich der Funktion oder Lebensqualität in sämtlichen erhobenen Scores zwischen den beiden Gruppen festgestellt werden.

Schlussfolgerung
Nach den Ergebnissen dieser Studie ist das 90°-Kriterium kein adäquater Indikator für die mittelfristige Ergebnisqualität nach Knietotalendoprothese. Es kann weder ein Vorteil noch ein Nachteil durch das Erreichen einer 90°-Flexion zum Entlassungszeitpunkt festgestellt werden.
Distinct frequency patterns of LILRB3 and LILRA6 allelic variants in Europeans
Authors: Bashirova Arman A. , Kasprzak Wojciech , O’hUigin Colm , Carrington Mary 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The leukocyte immunoglobulin–like receptor (LILR)B3 and LILRA6 genes encode homologous myeloid inhibitory and activating orphan receptors, respectively. Both genes exhibit a strikingly high level of polymorphism at the amino acid level and LILRA6 (but not LILRB3) displays copy number variation (CNV). Although multiple alleles have been reported for both genes, limited data is available on frequencies of these alleles among humans. We have sequenced LILRB3/A6 exons encoding signal peptides and ectodomains in 91 healthy blood donors of European descent who carry one or two copies of LILRA6 per diploid genome. Analysis of haplotypes among individuals with two LILRA6 copies, representing the majority in this cohort (N = 86), shows that common LILRB3 and LILRA6 alleles encode some distinct amino acid sequences in homologous regions of the receptors, which could potentially impact their respective functions differentially. Comparison of sequences in individuals with one vs. two copies of LILRA6 supports non-allelic homologous recombination between LILRB3 and LILRA6 as a mechanism for generating LILRA6 CNV and LILRB3 diversity. These data characterize LILRB3/LILRA6 genetic variation in more detail than previously described and underscore the need to determine their ligands.
Conjugation to a cell-penetrating peptide drives the tumour accumulation of the GLP1R antagonist exendin(9-39)
Authors: Collado Camps Estel , van Lith Sanne A. M. , Kip Annemarie , Frielink Cathelijne , Joosten Lieke , Brock Roland , Gotthardt Martin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Exendin, an analogue of the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1), is an excellent tracer for molecular imaging of pancreatic beta cells and beta cell-derived tumours. The commonly used form, exendin-4, activates the GLP1 receptor and causes internalisation of the peptide-receptor complex. As a consequence, injection of exendin-4 can lead to adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting and hypoglycaemia and thus requires close monitoring during application. By comparison, the antagonist exendin(9-39) does not activate the receptor, but its lack of internalisation has precluded its use as a tracer. Improving the cellular uptake of exendin(9-39) could turn it into a useful alternative tracer with less side-effects than exendin-4.

Methods
We conjugated exendin-4 and exendin(9-39) to the well-known cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) penetratin. We evaluated cell binding and internalisation of the radiolabelled peptides in vitro and their biodistribution in vivo.

Results
Exendin-4 showed internalisation irrespective of the presence of the CPP, whereas for exendin(9-39) only the penetratin conjugate internalised. Conjugation to the CPP also enhanced the in vivo tumour uptake and retention of exendin(9-39).

Conclusion
We demonstrate that penetratin robustly improves internalisation and tumour retention of exendin(9-39), opening new avenues for antagonist-based in vivo imaging of GLP1R.
Use of dual-mobility cup in primary total hip arthroplasties: an Italian regional register (RIPO) study on three thousand, seven hundred and ten cases
Authors: Tigani Domenico , Castiello Emanuela , Moghnie Alessandro , Bruschi Alessandro , Serra Margherita , Amendola Luca , Bordini Barbara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of the study was to investigate the outcome of dual-mobility cup (DM) compared with a standard cup (SC) in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the long-term follow-up based on a regional Italian joint registry (RIPO).

Methods
The Registry of Prosthetic Orthopaedic Implant (RIPO) was consulted, looking for all primary THAs implanted from 2000 to 2019. Three thousand seven hundred ten were dual-mobility cup (DM) total hip arthroplasties (THA) and 85.816 were standard cup (SC) THAs, on a total of 89.526 primary THA. Demographics, survival rates and causes of revision were evaluated and compared between the two groups.

Results
The use of DM progressively increased from 0.4% in 2000 to 7.5% in 2018 of all primary THAs. Revision rate was 3.5% (128 on 3710) for DMC and 4.7% (4061 on 85,816) for SC. DM presented lower dislocation rate if compared to SC with 22–28-mm femoral head diameter. However, DM showed a higher risk of revision for any causes than SC with 32-mm femoral head diameter in long-term follow-up. Nevertheless, no significant difference was measured in terms of demographics and surgical approach for dislocation rate.

Conclusions
The DM cup represents a valid implant solution and has a lower dislocation rate than 22–28-mm SC. A slight increase in the use of DM implants over time was observed in the RIPO. However, a larger population and a longer follow-up are needed to further monitor the survival rate of new-generation DM implants.
Physical–chemical and biological properties of novel resin-based composites for dental applications
Authors: Buchwald Zuzanna , Sandomierski Mariusz , Smułek Wojciech , Ratajczak Maria , Patalas Adam , Kaczorek Ewa , Voelkel Adam 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInsufficient mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite-based composites prompted the search for new and effective solutions for dental applications. To improve the mechanical properties without losing the remineralization potential, the use of hybrid fillers was proposed. The first of them was based on the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on the surface of SYLOID®244 silica. The second of the investigated fillers was created by simultaneous synthesis of nanoparticles from precursors of HA and silica. The obtained fillers were extensively characterized by spectral methods including X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), as well as by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Tests using probiotic microorganisms were an important part of the analysis, indicating that there was no potential interaction of the materials with microflora. The tests of degree of conversion, depth of cure, opacity, sorption, solubility, flexural and compressive strength, and the remineralizing potential also showed that the composites with nano-sized silica/HA showed better mechanical properties than the composites with HA alone or commercial silica and at the same time the remineralization remained at the desired level. Thus, the proposed composite has a high application potential in the creation of implants and dental materials.
Graphical abstract
Chemical and mechanical activation of resident cardiac macrophages in the living myocardial slice ex vivo model
Authors: Waleczek F. J. G. , Sansonetti M. , Xiao K. , Jung M. , Mitzka S. , Dendorfer A. , Weber N. , Perbellini F. , Thum T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResident cardiac macrophages (rcMACs) are among the most abundant immune cells in the heart. Plasticity and activation are hallmarks of rcMACs in response to changes in the microenvironment, which is essential for in vitro experimentation. The in vivo investigation is confounded by the infiltration of other cells hindering direct studies of rcMACs. As a tool to investigate rcMACs, we applied the ex vivo model of living myocardial slices (LMS). LMS are ultrathin ex vivo multicellular cardiac preparations in which the circulatory network is interrupted. The absence of infiltration in this model enables the investigation of the rcMACs response to immunomodulatory and mechanical stimulations. Such conditions were generated by applying interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) or interleukine-4 (IL-4) and altering the preload of cultured LMS, respectively. The immunomodulatory stimulation of the LMS induced alterations of the gene expression pattern without affecting tissue contractility. Following 24 h culture, low input RNA sequencing of rcMACs isolated from LMS was used for gene ontology analysis. Reducing the tissue stretch (unloading) of LMS altered the gene ontology clusters of isolated rcMACs with intermediate semantic similarity to IFN-γ triggered reaction. Through the overlap of genes affected by IFN-γ and unloading, we identified Allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1) as a potential marker gene for inflammation of rcMACs as significantly altered in whole immunomodulated LMS. MicroRNAs associated with the transcriptomic changes of rcMACs in unloaded LMS were identified in silico. Here, we demonstrate the approach of LMS to understand load-triggered cardiac inflammation and, thus, identify potential translationally important therapeutic targets.
Does stem profile have an impact on the failure patterns in revision total knee arthroplasty?
Authors: Maslaris Alexander , Tsiridis Eleftherios , Schoeneberg Carsten , Pass Bastian , Spyrou Georgios , Maris Alexandros , Matziolis Georg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) has been increasing continuously. The results of RTKA still remain unsatisfactory. Failure patterns and risk factors in RTKA were thoroughly analyzed, with periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) and aseptic loosening remaining at the forefront of re-revision (ReRTKA) causes. While there is evidence that stem profile impacts the revisability of cemented implants, its association with the modes of RTKA failure is unknown.

Methods
50 consecutive ReRTKA performed in a single orthopedic center during 2016–2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were stratified according to age, sex, number of preexisting revisions, fixation technique, stem design and causes of re-revision. All explanted implants with conical vs. cylindrical stem profiles were compared.

Results
Mean age was 67 ± 11.5, and 54% were females. 72% of the cases had ≥ 3 previous revisions. 88% were full-cemented, 3% hybrid and 9% press-fit stems. 36% of the RTKA had conical, 58% cylindrical and 6% combined stem profiles. 92% of the RTKA components were removed. Removal causes were: PJI (52.2%), aseptic loosening (34.8%), implant malposition (9.8%), painful knee (1.1%) and instability (2.2%). While the overall RTKA failure patterns were equally distributed between conical and cylindrical stems, subgroup analysis of only cemented ReRTKA revealed a higher incidence of aseptic loosening within cylindrical stem profiles (46.7% vs. 25.7%, P = 0.05).

Conclusion
Stem profile may have an impact on the process of aseptic loosening in cemented non-metaphyseal engaging RTKA, with cylindrical designs tending to worse outcomes than conical designs. Large cohort studies could provide more clarity on current observation.
Magmatic evolution and metal systematics of back-arc volcanic rocks of north–east Japan and implications for deposition of massive sulphide Kuroko ores
Authors: Agangi Andrea , Manalo Pearlyn C. , Takahashi Ryohei , Veeravinantanakul Apivut , Elburg Marlina A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Hokuroku region of north-eastern Japan is endowed with important volcanic-hosted massive sulphide Zn–Pb–Cu deposits, which are considered the archetype of Kuroko (black ore) deposits worldwide. The bimodal, felsic-dominated volcanic succession that hosts the ore was deposited in a continental rift formed during continental extension in the final stages of the Miocene back-arc opening that led to the formation of the Japan Sea. In this study, we define some of the fundamental intensive parameters of this volcanism (temperature, pressure of crystallisation, fluid saturation, fO2) based on rock textures, and analyses of whole-rock samples, minerals and melt inclusions. Based on the melt inclusion analyses, we assess the behaviour of metals during magma evolution and degassing, and evaluate the possible implications for ore deposition. Plagioclase-melt geothermometry in felsic tuff and lava samples collected from both the units underlying and overlying the Kuroko indicates temperatures of 880–940 °C, and Fe–Ti oxide equilibrium indicates oxygen fugacity of ca. FMQ + 1.5. Melt inclusions have high-SiO2 rhyolite compositions (> 75 wt%, on an anhydrous basis), and the plot of normative mineral compositions in the granitic triplot indicates low pressure of magma stalling and crystallisation (< 1 kbar) at cotectic compositions. Melt inclusion metal contents plotted vs incompatible element Y suggest contrasting behaviour of different metals during fractionation and degassing. Zinc was mostly retained in the melt during crystallisation, whereas other metals, such as Pb, Cu, Sn and Mo, were released to an exsolving fluid phase. The latter may have thus been transferred to the hydrothermal system from a degassing magma. Shallow storage of relatively hot magma would have induced vigorous hydrothermal circulation on the seafloor, a precondition for ore deposition.
Effects of competition reduction on intra-annual radial growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at stem base and crown base
Authors: Donfack Laura Somenguem , Schall Peter , Mund Martina , Knohl Alexander , Ammer Christian 
Published: November 2022

Key message
In beech stands, thinning affects growth differently along tree stems, with higher and longer duration increment at stem base than at crown base while unmanaged stands depict opposite patterns.

Abstract
Forest management affects individual tree growth dynamics at different levels of the tree bole. Here, we assessed stem-growth patterns as a function of bole height (stem base and crown base) and competition reduction using high-resolution dendrometer records. We measured radial increments throughout the vegetation periods of 2015 and 2016 in two differently managed European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands in central Germany. In one stand, trees had been repeatedly released from competition while the other had remained unmanaged for about 40 years. To assess different temporal phases of diameter increment, we fitted Weibull growth curves to dendrometer data. Stem basal area and crown base area increments of trees in the managed stand were always higher than in the unmanaged stand. In the managed stand, crown base and stem base monthly diameter increments were highly correlated until July when diameter increment at stem base surpassed the diameter increment at crown base. Conversely, in the unmanaged stand, monthly diameter increment at the stem base was often lower than at crown base. In both stands, diameter growth started earlier at crown base than at stem base. However, stem base growth in the managed stand began earlier and lasted longer than in the unmanaged stand. Our results confirm that competition reduction affects diameter increment along the stem differently than in unmanaged stands and increases growth duration. Future research is needed to test whether different growth patterns and tapers of residual trees in managed and unmanaged stands have implications for biomass and carbon storage modeling.
Contextual word embeddings for tabular data search and integration
Authors: Pilaluisa José , Tomás David , Navarro-Colorado Borja , Mazón Jose-Norberto 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to retrieve and further integrate tabular datasets (collections of rows and columns) using union and join operations. In this work, both processes were carried out using a similarity measure based on contextual word embeddings, which allows finding semantically similar tables and overcome the recall problem of lexical approaches based on string similarity. This work is the first attempt to use contextual word embeddings in the whole pipeline of table search and integration, including for the first time their use in the join operation. A comprehensive analysis of their performance was carried out on both retrieving and integrating tabular datasets, comparing them with context-free models. Column headings and cell values were used as contextual information and their impact on each task was evaluated. The results revealed that contextual models significantly outperform context-free models and a traditional weighting schema in ad hoc table retrieval. In the data integration task, contextual models also improved the results on union operation compared to context-free approaches.
Strain Partitioning and Frictional Behavior of Opalinus Clay During Fault Reactivation
Authors: Schuster Valerian , Rybacki Erik , Bonnelye Audrey , Kwiatek Grzegorz , Schleicher Anja M. , Dresen Georg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Opalinus Clay (OPA) formation is considered a suitable host rock candidate for nuclear waste storage. However, the sealing integrity and long-term safety of OPA are potentially compromised by pre-existing natural or artificially induced faults. Therefore, characterizing the mechanical behavior and microscale deformation mechanisms of faults and the surrounding rock is relevant for predicting repository damage evolution. In this study, we performed triaxial tests using saw-cut samples of the shaly and sandy facies of OPA to investigate the influence of pressure and mineral composition on the deformation behavior during fault reactivation. Dried samples were hydrostatically pre-compacted at 50 MPa and then deformed at constant strain rate, drained conditions and confining pressures (pc) of 5–35 MPa. Mechanical data from triaxial tests was complemented by local strain measurements to determine the relative contribution of bulk deformation and fault slip, as well as by acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, and elastic P-wave velocity measurements using ultrasonic transmissions. With increasing pc, we observe a transition from brittle deformation behavior with highly localized fault slip to semi-brittle behavior characterized by non-linear strain hardening with increasing delocalization of deformation. We find that brittle localization behavior is limited by pc at which fault strength exceeds matrix yield strength. AEs were only detected in tests performed on sandy facies samples, and activity decreased with increasing pc. Microstructural analysis of deformed samples revealed a positive correlation between increasing pc and gouge layer thickness. This goes along with a change from brittle fragmentation and frictional sliding to the development of shear zones with a higher contribution of cataclastic and granular flow. Friction coefficient at fault reactivation is only slightly higher for the sandy (µ ~ 0.48) compared to the shaly facies (µ ~ 0.4). Slide-hold-slide tests performed after ~ 6 mm axial shortening suggest stable creeping and long-term weakness of faults at the applied conditions. Our results demonstrate that the mode of fault reactivation highly depends on the present stress field and burial history.
Challenges and approaches for management of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers
Authors: Stein Shaked , Shalev Eyal , Sivan Orit , Yechieli Yoseph 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCoastal aquifers provide water for over one billion people worldwide; however, they face seawater intrusion due to overpumping. The current and future challenges of coastal aquifer management involve issues such as climate change and the control of abstraction and recharge. Different management approaches are being used globally to prevent aquifer salinization. This essay presents the challenges and possible solutions while also discussing the different approaches and their needs for improvement.
Structural variation and eQTL analysis in two experimental populations of chickens divergently selected for feather-pecking behavior
Authors: Falker-Gieske Clemens , Bennewitz Jörn , Tetens Jens 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFeather pecking (FP) is a damaging nonaggressive behavior in laying hens with a heritable component. Its occurrence has been linked to the immune system, the circadian clock, and foraging behavior. Furthermore, dysregulation of miRNA biogenesis, disturbance of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) system, as well as neurodevelopmental deficiencies are currently under debate as factors influencing the propensity for FP behavior. Past studies, which focused on the dissection of the genetic factors involved in FP, relied on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short insertions and deletions < 50 bp (InDels). These variant classes only represent a certain fraction of the genetic variation of an organism. Hence, we reanalyzed whole-genome sequencing data from two experimental populations, which have been divergently selected for FP behavior for over more than 15 generations, performed variant calling for structural variants (SVs) as well as tandem repeats (TRs), and jointly analyzed the data with SNPs and InDels. Genotype imputation and subsequent genome-wide association studies, in combination with expression quantitative trait loci analysis, led to the discovery of multiple variants influencing the GABAergic system. These include a significantly associated TR downstream of the GABA receptor subunit beta-3 (GABRB3) gene, two microRNAs targeting several GABA receptor genes, and dystrophin (DMD), a direct regulator of GABA receptor clustering. Furthermore, we found the transcription factor ETV1 to be associated with the differential expression of 23 genes, which points toward a role of ETV1, together with SMAD4 and KLF14, in the disturbed neurodevelopment of high-feather pecking chickens.