bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical, fracture toughness, and Dynamic Mechanical properties of twill weaved bamboo fiber‐reinforced Artocarpus heterophyllus seed husk biochar epoxy composite
Authors: AP Arun , Kaliappan S. , L Natrayan , P Patil Pravin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis research aimed to find the effect of Artocarpus heterophyllus fruit seed husk biochar (ASB) and twill weaved bamboo fiber (TBF) in mechanical, DMA, and fracture toughness behavior of epoxy‐based composite. The surface of both weaved bamboo fiber and biochar was treated with amino silane before composite making. In this investigation, the laminates were fabricated by hand layup process and analyzed by appropriate ASTM standards. Results of this study revealed that the incorporation of 40 vol.% twill weaved bamboo fiber (EB) into the resin improved the mechanical properties. The load distribution was uniform with twilled weaving. For composite designation EBJ3, the maximum measured tensile strength was 168 MPa, the tensile modulus is 6.24 GPa, the flexural strength is 195 MPa, and the flexural modulus is 6.85 GPa, the izod impact is 6.24 J, and the hardness is 90 shore‐D. Similarly, the maximum storage modulus and lowest loss factor for the composite designation EBJ3 were measured to be 3.8 GPa and 0.4, respectively. Moreover, the maximum measured fracture toughness and energy release rate is 39.4 MPa.√m and 0.88 MJ/m2 for composite designation EBJ3 with 5.0% biochar and 40% bamboo fibers in volume. The SEM fractography revealed that the matrix molecules are adhered to the fiber, indicating enhanced bonding. These biomass waste converted fruit seed husk biochar and industrial crop bamboo fiber epoxy composites could be used as workable material in structural, defense, automotive, and domestic product‐making applications.
Aheat‐press‐treatmentmethod for3Dprintedthin‐walledcomposite structures with improved interfacial and compressive properties
Authors: Wang Jin , Tan Qianbing , Wang Kui , Yao Song , Peng Yong , Rao Yanni 
Published: September 2022

Abstract3D printed thin‐walled composite structures suffered from the inherent low interlayer bonding, which limited the mechanical properties and influenced compressive behaviors. This work focused on effects of the postprocess on interfacial properties and compressive behaviors of thin‐walled composite structures made by fused deposition modeling. To improve the interfacial properties, a heat‐press‐treatment method was proposed. Compared to the nontreated thin‐walled structures, the energy absorption (EA) of the heat‐press‐treated structures increased from 61 to 90 J. It was found that both heat and pressure were indispensable conditions. The heat‐press‐treated thin‐walled structures presented a stable progressive collapse mode, while the heat‐treated structures without pressure collapsed in an unstable buckling manner due to the brittle fractures. The heat‐press‐treated structures presented higher crushing force efficiency (CFE) and EA than the heat‐treated structures. The difference was more significant with the increase of the treatment temperature from 50 to 200°C. Finally, the mechanisms of the improvement by the heat‐press‐treatment on interfacial bonding were analyzed. The findings of this research offered new insights on improving the EA for 3D printed thin‐walled composite structures.
Altered empathy correlates with reduced social and non‐social reward anticipation in individuals with high social anhedonia
Authors: Guo Xiao‐dong , Zheng Hong , Ruan Dun , Wang Yi , Wang Yan‐yu , Chan Raymond C. K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examined the correlations of affective and cognitive components of empathy with reward anticipation toward monetary and social incentives in individuals with social anhedonia (SocAnh). According to the scores on the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale, 109 participants were divided into high (n = 57) and low (n = 52) SocAnh groups. Empathy was assessed with the Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) Scale. Social and non‐social reward anticipations were assessed by the Social and Monetary Incentive Delay Tasks, respectively. We performed independent‐sample t tests and repeated‐measures ANOVAs to examine the group differences on empathy and reward anticipation. Correlation analyses between empathy and reward anticipation were conducted. Results showed that the high SocAnh group reported reduced scores on empathy and reward anticipation for monetary and social incentives compared to their low SocAnh counterparts. Correlation analysis further indicated that monetary reward anticipation correlated with cognitive empathy, while social reward anticipation correlated with affective empathy. Our findings suggested that participants with high SocAnh exhibited poorer empathy and reduced reward anticipation than those with low SocAnh level. More importantly, social and non‐social reward anticipation may distinctly contribute to affective and cognitive components of empathy.
Awe in the workplace promotes prosocial behavior
Authors: Meng Liang , Wang Xu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the existing literature on awe, many research findings indicate the positive impact of awe on prosocial behavior. However, very few studies have examined awe in organizational contexts, and researchers have neglected to investigate the effect of awe induced by workplace elicitors. In a between‐subject experimental study (N = 264), we introduced awe elicited by work factors, and examined its effect on prosocial intention and behavior (as compared with the neutral emotion condition and pleasantness condition). The results showed significant differences between prosocial intention and prosocial behavior in the three conditions. Importantly, awe evoked by workplace elicitors has a significant positive effect on prosocial behavior, and prosocial intention mediates this relationship. This study is among the first to examine the impact of awe induced by workplace elicitors, the results of which suggest that managers should consider creating workplaces that inspire awe.
Bacteremia tuberculosis among HIV‐negative children in China
Authors: Chu Ping , Shi Jin , Dong Fang , Yang Hui , Zhao Shunying , Liu Gang , Zheng Huyong , Liu Jinrong , Li Huimin , Lu Jie 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceBacteremia tuberculosis (TB) is a severe form of extrapulmonary TB. Studies assessing bacteremia TB in children are limited, especially for HIV‐negative children.ObjectiveTo explore the detailed clinical features of the bacteremia TB in children under 18 years of age.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical records of the patients retrospectively and collected the strains isolated from their blood cultures. We used mycobacterial interspersed repetitive‐unit‐variable‐number tandem‐repeat (MIRU‐VNTR) to characterize the bacterial genotypes and alamarBlue to determine their drug susceptibility profiles. Polymerase chain reactions and DNA sequencing were used to identify drug‐resistant mutations.ResultsThere were 13 pediatric bacteremia TB patients, 10 of whom were diagnosed with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) bacteremia TB. Thirteen patients aged from 0.30 to 11.58 years were enrolled, of whom 76.92% were boys. All had fevers before hospitalization, and 76.92% had respiratory symptoms. All had received BCG vaccinations, and 46.15% had adverse post‐vaccination reactions. Compared with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, BCG bacteremia was more likely to appear in younger children. Patients with BCG bacteremia had primary immunodeficiency diseases, and lower CD4, IgA, and IgE levels.InterpretationBacteremia TB was rapidly fatal in a large proportion of the immunodeficient children. Because classic findings may not be diagnostically specific, a high level of clinical suspicion is required, especially for patients with certain types of immunosuppression. Studies are needed to develop rapid diagnostic tests and to determine the value of empirical therapy in childhood bacteremia TB.
Evaluation of pathways to the C‐glycosyl isoflavone puerarin in roots of kudzu (Pueraria montana lobata)
Authors: Adolfo Laci M. , Burks David , Rao Xiaolan , Alvarez‐Hernandez Anislay , Dixon Richard A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKudzu (Pueraria montana lobata) is used as a traditional medicine in China and Southeast Asia but is a noxious weed in the Southeastern United States. It produces both O‐ and C‐glycosylated isoflavones, with puerarin (C‐glucosyl daidzein) as an important bioactive compound. Currently, the stage of the isoflavone pathway at which the C‐glycosyl unit is added remains unclear, with a recent report of direct C‐glycosylation of daidzein contradicting earlier labeling studies supporting C‐glycosylation at the level of chalcone. We have employed comparative mRNA sequencing of the roots from two Pueraria species, one of which produces puerarin (field collected P. montana lobata) and one of which does not (commercial Pueraria phaseoloides), to identify candidate uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes involved in puerarin biosynthesis. Expression of recombinant UGTs in Escherichia coli and candidate C‐glycosyltransferases in Medicago truncatula were used to explore substrate specificities, and gene silencing of UGT and key isoflavone biosynthetic genes in kudzu hairy roots employed to test hypotheses concerning the substrate(s) for C‐glycosylation. Our results confirm UGT71T5 as a C‐glycosyltransferase of isoflavone biosynthesis in kudzu. Enzymatic, isotope labeling, and genetic analyses suggest that puerarin arises both from the direct action of UGT71T5 on daidzein and via a second route in which the C‐glycosidic linkage is introduced to the chalcone isoliquiritigenin.
Quantitative measurement of NO2— distribution in plasma jet treated model tissue, based on image processing technology
Authors: Wang Bingkai , Wang Huaiji , Wang Yuqi , Li Yuhan , Mao Xiang , Xiong Zilan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOne of the key issues in plasma medicine is the measurement of the spatial‐temporal distribution and total amount of reactive species in treated tissue. Here, we provide a solution based on image processing technology. A DC‐driven air plasma jet was used, and NO2— was selected as the representative for the test. The model tissue was frozen sliced, and the relationship between the color and standard concentration was established. The temporal distributions of NO2— concentration versus time and flow rate were analyzed in each slice, and the total amount of NO2— in the treated tissue was obtained. This study offers a new diagnostic method for reactive species amount into tissue, which is an effective guide for plasma medicine applications and numerical modeling research.
Scale‐Separated AdS3 Vacua from G2‐Orientifolds Using Bispinors
Authors: Van Hemelryck Vincent 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, minimal supersymmetric AdS3 solutions on G2‐orientifolds of type IIA and IIB supergravity are studied. These are obtained by techniques of the bispinor formalism. A straightforward argument is derived against AdS3 solutions in massless type IIA string theory on such G2‐backgrounds. Furthermore, it is shown that some of the AdS3 solutions in massive type IIA do admit a separation of scales, whereas the same cannot be said for the type IIB vacua. Finally, a formula for the 3d superpotential in the bispinor language is given that is valid for both type IIA and type IIB configurations. It is shown that the supersymmetry conditions of this superpotential lead back to the bispinor equations.
Aurantiamide promotes M2 polarization of microglial cells to improve the cognitive ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Shen Heping , He Zhongmei , Pei Hongyan , Zhai Liping , Guan Qiaobing , Wang Genghuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate the effect of aurantiamide (Aur) in promoting the M2 polarization of microglial cells to improve the cognitive ability of mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The M2 polarization of BV2 cells was induced by interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) treatment.Aur promoted the M2 polarization of BV2 cells, and up‐regulated the expression of CD206 and SOCS3. In the meantime, it increased TGF‐β1, Arg‐1 and IL‐10 levels, and promoted the polarization of JAK1‐STAT6. Treatment with STAT6 inhibitor antagonized the effect of Aur. Besides, the cognitive ability of AD mice was improved after Aur treatment, meanwhile, the expression of CD206 was up‐regulated, while that of IBA‐1 was down‐regulated. Aur promotes the M2 polarization of microglial cells to improve the cognitive ability of AD mice, and such effect is related to the STAT6 signal.
Structural design and analysis of pneumatic prostate seed implantation robot applied in magnetic resonance imaging environment
Authors: Li Bing , Yuan Lipeng , Wang Chunbo , Guo Yuhang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe method of MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) image‐guided robot for prostate seed implantation has developed rapidly in recent years. During the operation, although the puncture effect guided by MRI is very good, it is difficult for conventional robots driven by motors to work normally in this environment, which reduces the accuracy of seed implantation and affects the treatment effect.MethodsFirst, this paper designs a pneumatic prostate seed implantation robot that is compatible with MRI; the robot is composed of an execution module and an adjustment module, and can complete the positioning and adjustment of the robot's needle entry point, the pose adjustment of the puncture needle and the completion of seed implantation in the MRI space; meanwhile, the statics simulation analysis of its key components is carried out. Then, the kinematics analysis was carried out according to the designed robot structure, and the relationship between the posture of the needle tip and the change of the pneumatic cylinder was obtained; meanwhile, using MATLAB 2020 software, combined with the method of Monte Carlo random number sampling, the simulation analysis of the workspace was carried out. Finally, an experimental prototype is constructed to conduct puncture accuracy experiments, workspace experiments and performance comparison tests in MRI environment.ResultsThe statics simulation results verify that the key components of the robot designed in this paper can meet the strength requirements of the robot. The simulation results of the workspace meet the requirements of space surgery for prostate seed implantation under the guidance of MRI environment. The puncture accuracy experimented to verify that increasing the puncture speed can improve the seed implantation accuracy, and the puncture deviation of the robot is less than the average deviation of the doctor's actual operation by 6.5 mm. The working space experiment shows that the pitch range is −23.3°~27.8°, the movement range in the X direction is 0~210 mm, the movement range in the Y direction is 0~101 mm, and the lifting range in the Z direction is 0~81 mm, which meets the workspace requirements under MRI. The performance comparison test results in the MRI environment show that the robot is well compatible with MRI instruments.ConclusionsThe pneumatic prostate seed implantation robot designed in this paper has a reasonable structure and stable dynamic performance output, and can perform precise surgical operations in the MRI strong magnetic environment. The research work in this paper provides a design reference for the related research on the positioning accuracy of minimally invasive puncture surgery guided by MRI images.
Stabilization of Lithium Metal Interfaces by Constructing Composite Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface with Mesoporous TiO2 and Perfluoropolymers
Authors: Guan Minrong , Huang Yongxin , Meng Qianqian , Zhang Botao , Chen Nuo , Li Li , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe next generation of high‐energy‐density storage devices is expected to be rechargeable lithium metal batteries. However, unstable metal‐electrolyte interfaces, dendrite growth, and volume expansion will compromise lithium metal batteries (LMB) safety and life. A simple drop‐casting method is used to create a double‐layer functional interface composed of inorganic mesoporous TiO2 and F‐rich organics PFDMA. For high‐quality lithium deposition, TiO2 can provide uniform mechanical pressure, abundant mesoporous channels, and increased ionic conductivity, while PFDMA provides enough F to form LiF in the first cycle and improves Li‐electrolyte compatibility. Experiments and simulations are combined to investigate the optimized mechanism of the LiF‐rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI). The high binding energy of organic matter and Li demonstrates that Li+ preferentially binds with the F atom in organic matter. As a result, the tightly bound double‐layer structure can inhibit lithium dendrite growth and slow electrolyte decomposition. Consequently, the symmetric Li||Li cell has a high stability performance of over 800 h. The assembled LiFePO4||Li cell can sustain 300 cycles at a 1 C rate and has a reversible capacity of 136.7 mAh g−1.
The future is humanistic: Infusing compassion in the systems thinking world—Circles, dialogue and RoundTables as levers for individual and community emancipation
Authors: Jacobs Marty , Arora Namrata , Gabriele Sue 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this age of isolation, exacerbated by an increased number of natural disasters and their associated impact, we are faced with a deepening poverty of social connections and a high degree of polarisation on multiple counts. Designed for contexts ranging from workplaces to spiritual discourse, more and more instances of intentional conversations are surfacing across the world. It is only when we are able to appreciate the view of ‘another’, that we are truly able to step beyond the boundary of the self. In this paper, we explore a practitioner's perspective on three formats of gathering that are currently practiced at the International Society for the Systems Sciences. Using social and humanistic values, we outline how these three simple yet powerful techniques embody inclusivity, with the intention of inspiring its readers to consider hosting alternate forms of meetings in academic and organisational settings, thus creating grounds for compassionate understanding.
Dissipative Dynamic Libraries (DDLs) and Dissipative Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry (DDCC)
Authors: Del Giudice Daniele , Spatola Emanuele , Valentini Matteo , Ercolani Gianfranco , Di Stefano Stefano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis Concept is focused on the key features of dissipative dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DDCC). DDCC deals with transient libraries of compounds, maintained out‐of‐equilibrium by the consumption of a fuel, whose composition changes upon the selection pressure of kinetic and/or thermodynamic processes. Concepts and definitions of kinetic and thermodynamic dissipative dynamic libraries (“KDDL” and “TDDL”), are introduced and illustrated by a number of actual cases, thus showing the consistency of the present approach. Such concepts and definitions can help establish a common language for this emerging field, which, in our view, has the potential to become highly relevant to supramolecular chemistry.
Survival intravascular photoacoustic imaging of lipid‐rich plaque in cholesterol fed rabbits
Authors: Zhang Yi , Taylor Erik , Huang Nasi , Hamilton James , Cheng Ji‐Xin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntravascular photoacoustic (IVPA) imaging is a promising modality for quantitative assessment of lipid‐laden atherosclerotic plaques. Yet, survival IVPA imaging of the same plaque in the same animal is not demonstrated. Here, using a sheathed IVUS/PA catheter of 0.9 mm in diameter, we demonstrate MRI‐guided survival IVPA imaging of same plaque in an aorta of a well‐established rabbit model mimicking atherosclerosis in human patients. The IVUS/PA results were confirmed by histology. These advances open the opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of a therapy that aims to reduce the size of atherosclerotic plaques and demonstrates the potential of translating the IVPA catheter into clinic for detection of lipid‐rich plaques that are at high risk for thrombosis.
Limonene protects human skin keratinocytes against UVB‐induced photodamage and photoaging by activating the Nrf2‐dependent antioxidant defense system
Authors: Kumar K. J. Senthil , Vani M. Gokila , Wang Sheng‐Yang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLong term exposure to solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is one of the primary factors of premature skin aging and is referred to as photoaging. Also, mammalian skin exposed to UVB triggers an increase in production of α‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (α‐MSH), which is critically involved in the pathogenesis of hyperpigmentary skin diseases. This study investigated the protective effect of limonene on UVB‐induced photodamage and photoaging in immortalized human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) in vitro. Initially, we determined cell viability and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in UVB‐irradiated HaCaT cells. Pretreatment with limonene increased cell viability followed by inhibition of intracellular ROS generation in UVB‐irradiated HaCaT cells. Interestingly, the antioxidative activity of limonene was directly correlated with an increase in expression of endogenous antioxidants, including heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO‐1), and γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ‐GCLC), which was associated with enhanced nuclear translocation and activation of NF‐E2‐related factor‐2 (Nrf2). Indeed, Nrf2 knockdown reduced limonene's protective effects. Additionally, we observed that limonene treatment inhibited UVB‐induced α‐MSH secretion followed by inhibition of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) via suppression of p53 transcriptional activation. Moreover, limonene prevented UVB‐mediated depletion of tight junction regulatory proteins, including occludin and zonula occludens‐1. On the other hand, limonene treatment significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase‐2 levels in UVB‐irradiated HaCaT cells. Based on these results, limonene may have a dermato‐protective effect in skin cells by activating the Nrf2‐dependent cellular antioxidant defense system.