bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Analysis to Relate Flow Pattern and Pressure Gradient During Gas Kicks Under Static Conditions
Authors: Obi Chinemerem Edmond , Falola Yusuf , Manikonda Kaushik , Hasan Abu Rashid , Rahman Mohammad Azizur 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Warning signs of possible kick during drilling operation can either be primary (flow rate increase and pit gain) or secondary (drilling break, pump pressure decrease,). Drillers rely on pressure data at the surface to determine in-situ downhole conditions while drilling. The surface pressure reading is always available and accessible. However, understanding or interpretation of this data is often ambiguous. This study analyses significant kick symptoms in the wellbore annulus while under shut-in conditions.
We have tied several observed annular flow patterns to the measured pressure gradient during water- air, and water-carbon dioxide complex flow. This is based on experiments in a 140-ft high flow loop, with a hydraulic diameter of approximately 3 in. The experiments were carried out under static conditions to simulate kick occurrence when the drilling fluid is not flowing, typically the wellbore is shut-in. We used an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and K-Means clustering approach for kick prognosis. We trained these Machine learning models to detect kick symptoms from pressure response and gas evolution data collected between the kick occurrence and the Wellhead.
The Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach was relatively fast with a negligible difference in accuracy when compared for air influx and carbon dioxide influx for kick prognosis. The ANN resulted in an accuracy of about 90% and 93% for air-based kick prognosis. While the accuracy was 92% and 94% for carbon dioxide-based influx. With K-mean clustering, the Silhouette score were 0.5 and 0.6 for the air and carbon dioxide influx respectively. The estimation of the influx size and type is strongly a function of the duration of kick and bottom hole underbalanced pressure. Based on visual analysis, pit gain, and pressure signals, the quantity of the mass influx significantly controls the flow pattern, pressure losses, and pressure gradient as the kick migrates to the surface. The resulting turbulent flow after the initial kick (After Taylor bubble flow) varied with duration of kick, average liquid flow rate, influx type, and drilling scenario. We have tied the surface pressure readings to the flow regimes to better visualize well control approach while drilling. This is based on relating the significant kick symptoms we observed to the pressure readings at multiple locations and time, then training the Deep learning models based on this data.
Although computationally demanding, the Deep-Learning model can use the surface pressure data to relay annular flow patterns while drilling. This work provides an alternative and relatively accessible primary kick detection tool for drillers based on measured pressure responses at the surface.
Epigenetic silencing of PTEN and epi-transcriptional silencing of MDM2 underlied resistance to hypomethylating agents in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Lee Paul , Yim Rita , Miu Kai-Kei , Fung Sin-Hang , Liao Jason Jinyue , Wang Zhangting , Li Jun , Yung Yammy , Chu Hiu-Tung , Yip Pui-Kwan , Lee Emily , Tse Eric , Kwong Yok-Lam , Gill Harinder 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundIn myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), resistance to hypomethylating agents (HMA) portends a poor prognosis, underscoring the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to HMA-resistance. MethodsIn this study, P39 and Kasumi-1 cells and their azacitidine-resistant and decitabine-resistant sublines were evaluated comparatively with transcriptomic and methylomic analyses. ResultsExpression profiling and genome-wide methylation microarray showed downregulation of PTEN associated with DNA hypermethylation in P39 cell lines resistant to azacitidine and decitabine. This pattern of PTEN dysregulation was also confirmed in a cohort of patients failing treatment with HMA. DNA hypomethylation of MDM2 was detected with downregulation of MDM2 in HMA resistant cell lines. Long-read sequencing revealed significant RNA hypomethylation of MDM2 resulting in alternative splicing and production of a truncated MDM2 transcript in azacitidine-resistant P39 cells. The expression of this MDM2 truncated transcript was also significantly increased in HMA-resistant patients compared with HMA-responsive patients. ConclusionsIn conclusion, epigenetic and epi-transcriptomic dysregulation of PTEN and MDM2 were associated with resistance to hypomethylating agents.
Characterization of the sheep production smallholder farms and prevalence of Caseous lymphadenitis and Clinical mastitis in a Brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Neto Francisco Fernandes Feitoza , Ferreira Josiel Borges , Monteiro Hudson , Santos Wanderson Lucas dos , Silveira Robson , de Sousa José Ernandes , Portela Ricardo , Façanha Débora 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize the sanitary condition of white Morada Nova herds and to present data on the prevalence of caseous lymphadenitis (CL) and clinical mastitis (CM) in this small population of sheep raised in a semi-arid region. Two blood samples were collected from adult females from herds belonging to five cities in two states in northeastern Brazil. The first venous blood sample was collected for a complete blood count, including variables such as red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscle volume (MCV), packed cell volume (PCV), lymphocyte count (LYM), intermediate volume cell count (MID), granulocyte count (GRA), LYM percentage (LY%), MID percentage (MI%), granulocyte percentage (GR%), red cell distribution width (RDWc) and white blood cells (WBC). The second blood sample was used to detect the presence of specific anti-C. pseudotuberculosis by ELISA assay. The production and management systems of the herds were characterized using structured questionnaires in loco, and the interview was divided into four blocks of indicators: (1) Facilities; (2) Characterization of the production system; (3) Health Management; (4) CL and CM. For CL, the cities of Quixeramobim – Ceará (85.71%; 30/35), Governador Dix – Sept Rosado – Rio Grande do Norte (79.41%; 27/34) and Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte (60.45%; 26/43) stood out as having the highest frequencies of seropositivity. The same cities also had the highest prevalence for CM: Mossoró – Rio Grande do Norte (9.30%; 4/43), Governador Dix – Sept Rosado – Rio Grande do Norte (8.82%; 3/34) and Quixeramobim – Ceará (5.71%; 2/35). The study made it possible to observe the relationship between the best sanitary practices and the lowest prevalence rates of both CL and CM. The diseases are present in the herds studied and show considerable prevalence values ​​for CL and CM in the white Morada Nova sheep populations.
The Burden of Adolescent Pregnancy, Motherhood and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
Authors: Shri Neha , Singh Mayank , Dhamnetiya Deepak , Bhattacharyya Krittika , Jha Ravi Prakash , Patel Priyanka 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Pregnancy during adolescence is a major risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further, Motherhood at an adolescence period is identified as a major global health burden. Considering the wide known importance of negative impact of adolescent pregnancy, motherhood at an early age and adverse pregnancy outcome, this paper aim is to provides an insight into correlates of teen pregnancy, adolescent motherhood and adverse pregnancy outcome. This study utilizes the data from UDAYA survey conducted in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The eligible sample size for the study was 4,897 married adolescent girls between the ages of 15 and 19 years. Univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with chi square test of association and logistic regression analysis was performed to fulfil the aim of the study. Our study shows that a major proportion of married adolescent (61%) got pregnant before the age of 20years and around 42% of all adolescent married women gave birth to child before reaching the age of 20 years. Adolescents who married before the age 18 years were 1.79 times more likely to experience pregnancy (OR: 1.79; CI: 1.39–2.30) and 3.21 times more likely to experience motherhood (OR: 3.21; CI: 2.33–4.43). In the present study, women who experienced physical violence were at higher risk for having an adverse pregnancy outcome (OR: 1.41; CI: 1.08–1.84) than those who did not experience physical violence. The study highlights the need of addressing the others risk factors such as dietary habits, maternal care which impact the pregnancy outcomes.
Efficient photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye using solar light-driven La˗Mn co-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Maqbool Sobia , Ahmed Adeel , Mukhtar Arif , Jamshaid Muhammad , Rehman Aziz Ur , Anjum Saima 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work aims to develop a highly efficient solar light-induced photocatalyst based on La˗Mn co-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Pure Fe2O3 and La˗Mn co-doped Fe2O3 nanoparticles were fabricated by a simple co-precipitation method. The photocatalysts were analyzed for their morphological, structural, and magnetic characteristics. The photocatalytic performance of the Fe2O3, La0.1Mn0.3Fe1.60O3, and La0.2Mn0.2Fe1.60O3 catalysts was assessed by their capability to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) under solar light illumination. La0.2Mn0.2Fe1.60O3 displayed exceptional degradation performance, degrading RhB to 91.78% in 240 min, in comparison to La0.1Mn0.3Fe1.60O3 (71.09%) and pristine Fe2O3 (58.21%) under specified reaction conditions [(RhB) = 50 ppm; (catalyst) = 40 mg/L; pH = 7; T = 25 ºC)]. The increased photocatalytic performance of La0.2Mn0.2Fe1.60O3 was attributed to the large surface area of the catalyst as a result of La˗Mn co-doping. RhB degradation was affected by changing pH, catalytic dosage, dye concentration and temperature. The degradation of RhB was found to be pseudo-1st order kinetics. The photocatalyst material exhibited exceptional stability in four consecutive cyclic runs. The excellent photodegradation potential of La0.2Mn0.2Fe1.6O3 nanoparticles suggests that the effective eradication of organic pollutants can be achieved by these particles.
Sequence-specific capture and concentration of viral RNA by type III CRISPR system enhances diagnostic
Authors: Nemudraia Anna , Nemudryi Artem , Buyukyoruk Murat , Scherffius Andrew , Zahl Trevor , Wiegand Tanner , Pandey Shishir , Nichols Joseph , Hall Laina , McVey Aidan , Lee Helen , Wilkinson Royce , Snyder Laura , Jones Joshua , Koutmou Kristin , Santiago-Frangos Andrew , Wiedenheft Blake 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Type-III CRISPR-Cas systems have recently been adopted for sequence-specific detection of SARS-CoV-2. Here, we make two major advances that simultaneously limit sample handling and significantly enhance the sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection directly from patient samples. First, we repurpose the type III-A CRISPR complex from Thermus thermophilus (TtCsm) for programmable capture and concentration of specific RNAs from complex mixtures. The target bound TtCsm complex primarily generates two cyclic oligoadenylates (i.e., cA3 and cA4) that allosterically activate ancillary nucleases. To improve sensitivity of the diagnostic, we identify and test several ancillary nucleases (i.e., Can1, Can2, and NucC). We show that Can1 and Can2 are activated by both cA3 and cA4, and that different activators trigger changes in the substrate specificity of these nucleases. Finally, we integrate the type III-A CRISPR RNA-guided capture technique with the Can2 nuclease for 90 fM (5x104 copies/ul) detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA directly from nasopharyngeal swab samples.
Expression of MicroRNA 181a and its Target Genes: BCL2 and NOVA1 in Plasma Cell Myeloma
Authors: Elbordiney Magdy , Elghandour Ashraf , Yakout Yasmin , Elwafa Reham Abo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is one of the most common hematological malignancies. Despite advances in myeloma treatment, it remains an incurable disease. Studying the molecular bases of PCM has become essential to understand the pathobiology of the disease and hence for better management. The role of miRNAs is evolving in many malignancies, their use as markers for diagnosis, prognosis or as therapeutic modalities is promising. This study aimed at investigating the role of miR-181a and its target genes BCL2 and NOVA1 in PCM. Methods: The expression of miR-181a and its target genes BCL2 and NOVA1 was studied in bone marrow samples of 50 newly diagnosed PCM patients compared to 50 control subjects using real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). Results: miR-181a, BCL2 and NOVA1 were found to be significantly upregulated among PCM patients compared to controls. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between miR-181a and BCL2. Furthermore, BCL2 and NOVA1 expression were found to be positively correlated. High levels of BCL2 were associated with advanced disease stages, presence of bone lesions as well as higher percentage of plasma and myeloma cells in bone marrow.Conclusion: The current study results are highly suggestive of the potential role miR181a plays in PCM development and progression, and explains how it can play its role through influencing its targets expression levels.
Systematic Review on Factors Associated With Self-perceived Burden Among Cancer Patients
Authors: Liu Bingyang , Lee Khuan , Sun Chao , Wu Di , Lim Poh Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Cancer is the leading cause of death in the world. There was a high prevalence of high self-perceived burden (SPB) among cancer patients and this could bring adverse consequences on the physical and mental health of cancer patients, which can lead to suicide if not treated well. This review aims to determine the prevalence of SPB among cancer patients and its risk factors.Methods: Published journals before September 2021, from five databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Springer, Cochrane, and CNKI) were be retrieved according to the keywords. The keywords used included cancer patients, terminally ill patients, cancer, SPB, self-perceived burden, self-burden, self-perceived, factor, predictor, associated factor, determinants, risk factor, prognostic factor, covariate, independent variable and variable. The quality of the inclusion and exclusion criteria was independently reviewed by three researchers. Results: Out of 12712 articles, there are 22 studies met the eligibility criteria. The prevalence of SPB among cancer patients ranged from 73.2% to 100% from Malaysia, China, Canada. Most of them had moderate SPB. Out of the reported factors, age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, residence, educational level, occupational status, family income, primary caregiver, payment methods, disease-related factors, psychological factors and physical factors were mostly reported across the studies.Conclusions: In conclusion, SPB prevalence is high in cancer patients. Therefore, hospitals, non-governmental organizations, relevant policy makers and communities can provide special programs for high-risk groups to provide psychological guidance or design corresponding interventions to reduce the SPB level of patients and improve the quality of life.
Genetic evaluation and phenotypic trend for some lactation traits of dromedary camels
Authors: El-Din Mohamed Ibrahim Shehab , Amer Ahmed Mousa , Abdel-Aziz Fatma Ramadan , Othman Amal Abdel-Kareem 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
There is a paucity of published work on genetic evaluation of lactation traits in camels using modern methodologies such as MTDFREML (Maximum Likelihood Restricted by Multiple Trait Derivatives Free of Maximum). The current study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters (direct heritabilities, repeatability and breeding values), and to estimate the phenotypic trend. A 302 lactation records over 10 years for a herd of dromedary camel that were bred at Matrouh Camel Studies and Production Development Center, Animal Production Research Institute, Egypt. Studied traits were lactation traits including total milk yield (TMY, kg), day milk yield (DMY, kg) and length of lactation period (LP). Actual means of TMY, DMY and LP were 1464.90 kg, 4.00 and 418.84, respectively. LP was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the year and season of calving. Additive heritability (h2a) estimates for TMY, DMY and LP was 0.25, 0.30 and 0.17, respectively. These are promising values for the potential of genetic improvement. Repeatability (t) values recorded a medium value for LP (0.19), while the values were high for both TMY (0.36) and DMY (0.43). The range of predicted breeding values (PBVs) of animals for TMY, DMY and LP were 143.07 kg, 1.5 kg and 113.9 days, respectively. Regression coefficients for she-camels showed a negative annual phenotypic trend (PT) of about − 3.58 kg and − 0.012 kg per year for TMY and DMY, respectively. A genetic improvement program should be followed that allows exploiting the higher estimates of genetic parameters by relying on animals with positive breeding values.
Green synthesis of Magnesium oxide nanoparticles with antioxidant potential using leaf extract of Piper nigrum
Authors: Periakaruppan Rajiv , Naveen V , Danaraj Jeyapragash 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Green fabrication is an environmental friendly and innovative method and attractive research field for the production of Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) in clinical and environmental applications. In this current study, a viable green synthetic approach to produce magnesium oxide nanoparticles by using P. nigrum leaf aqueous extract as a capping agent. The formation and physicochemical properties of MgO NPs were confirmed through stranded characterization methods. All the analytical data revealed that the formation of pure, rod shaped and crystalline MgO NPs with average size of 20 nm. This study reports that, the synthesized MgO NPs exhibiting good antioxidant activity and it can be used for bio-medical applications.
Analysis of thermal videos for detection of lie during interrogation
Authors: Satpathi Saswata , Arafath K. Mohamed Ismail Yasar , Routray Aurobinda , Satpathi Partha Sarathi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Lie-Detection tests are traditionally carried out by well-trained experts using polygraph machines. However, it is time-consuming, invasive, and overall, a cumbersome process, not admissible by the court of law. Trained individuals can easily flaunt these tests. On the other hand, facial thermal imaging could be more effective as it is a noninvasive and could be a stealth method of tracking the facial blood flow patterns, which have been proven to detect deceit. This paper presents a method based on facial thermal imaging to detect deceit in human subjects. The major issue in such research is the lack of proper real-life databases which emulate the crime scenes. In this paper, first, we have developed a database based on almost real-life theft incidents with due diligence using isolated subjects over a period of time at a government hospital under the plea of free health checkup. The experiment has been conducted at Midnapore Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India, with proper ethical committee approval. The participants are selected at the behest of the police department with habitual crime records. Most of them have been repeatedly charged with petty crimes of pick-pocketing and stealing. They are invited individually at different instances of time under the plea of medical checkup where they have been enticed to steal cash. It is followed by a two-stage process, a friendly interaction followed by a slightly tougher interrogation. Their forehead and periorbital region skin surface temperature are recorded by a hidden thermal camera. Upon analysis, conspicuous changes in the temperature profile and blood flow pattern have been observed in the individuals who stole money and those who did not.
Clinical study of α 2-MG, PCX, AFU, RBP-4 and CysC in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Li Jingjing , Yan Zhaoli 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The changes of α2-macroglobulin (α2-MG), podocalysin (PCX), α-L-fucosidase (AFU), retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), cystatin C(CysC) and clinical indicators in patients with or without DN.To explore their role and significance in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and DN.Methods: A total of 203 T2DM patients admitted to hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were collected and divided into DN group (115 cases) and NDN group (88 cases). Urine α2-MG, PCX and AFU levels, serum RBP-4 and CysC levels were determined, and other clinical indicators were collected.Results: 1.Comparison of general data between groups: the levels of CysC, RBP-4, α2-MG/UCr,PCX/UCr and AFU/UCr in DN group were higher than those in NDN group (P<0.05). 2. Comparison of ACR stage and renal function stage of CKD: ①ACR stage: CysC, RBP-4, α2-MG/UCr, PCX/UCr, AFU/UCr increased with the increase of ACR stage(P<0.05). ② Renal function stage of CKD: CysC, RBP-4, α2-MG/UCr, PCX/UCr, AFU/UCr increased with the increase of renal function stage of CKD (P<0.05). 3. Partial correlation analysis after adjusting gender and age: CysC, RBP-4, α2-MG/UCr, PCX/UCr, AFU/UCr were positively correlated with UACR, Scr, Urea, UTP/24h, NLR, but negatively correlated with eGFR (P<0.05). 2.ROC curve: (1) Analysis of single index on DN diagnosis: AUCROC of UACR, eGFR, CysC, RBP-4, α2-MG/UCr, PCX/UCr and AFU/UCr were 0.97, 0.77, 0.80, 0.76, 0.83, 0.86, 0.79, respectively. (2) Analysis of combined indicators for DN diagnosis: AUCROC of α2-MG/UCr+PCX/UCr, α2-MG/UCr+AFU/UCr, α2-MG/UCr+PCX/UCr+AFU/UCr, α2-MG/UCr+PCX/UCr+AFU/UCr were 0.88, 0.88, 0.86, 0.89.Conclusion: 1.α2-MG, PCX and AFU are related to the occurrence and development of DN. 2. RBP-4, CysC, PCX, AFU and α2-MG have better diagnostic value,but UACR has the best diagnostic value. 3.PCX can reflect early renal damage.