bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bipolar catheter ablation strategies for outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias refractory to unipolar ablation
Authors: Zhou Benjun , Yu Jinbo , Ju Weizhu , Li Xiaorong , Zhang Fengxiang , Chen Hongwu , Li Mingfang , Gu Kai , Xie Xin , Cheng Dian , Wang Xuecheng , Wu Yizhang , Zhou Jian , Zhang Baowei , Kojodjojo Pipin , Cao Kejiang , Yang Bing , Chen Minglong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionConventional unipolar catheter ablation (UA) is generally effective for the treatment of outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (OT‐VAs). However, deep foci refractory to UA remains a clinical challenge. The present study evaluated the efficacy and safety of bipolar ablation (BA) in the treatment of OT‐VAs refractory to UA.MethodsA total of 1022 consecutive patients with antiarrhythmic drugs resistant OT‐VAs were screened for inclusion in this study, from 1643 VAs cases who underwent catheter ablation in two centers from October 2014 to May 2019. BA was performed after failed sequential UA. The pair of catheters used for BA was positioned on opposing surfaces of the earliest activation (EA) sites or on adjacent anatomical structures.ResultsTwelve patients (seven males, mean age 33.3 ± 16.2 years) who met the inclusion criteria were recruited: one patient suffered sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT), six patients had frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), and nonsustained VT (NSVT), and five patients had PVCs only. The 24‐hPVC/NSVT burden was 36.9 ± 21.7%. The mean distance between two ablation catheters during BA was 11.1 ± 4.3 mm (range 6.5–23.9 mm). The “rS” morphology of the unipolar electrogram was recorded simultaneously in both EA regions in seven cases (58.3%). Acute eradication of VAs was obtained in 10 (83.3%) cases. At a median follow‐up of 58 months, 10 patients (83.3%) remained free from VAs.ConclusionBA was highly effective and safe for the treatment of OT‐VAs refractory to UA.
Do doctors prescribe antibiotics out of fear of malpractice?
Authors: Panthöfer Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper studies whether doctors prescribe antibiotics to protect themselves against potential malpractice claims. Using data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey on a representative sample of doctor visits from 1993 to 2011, I find that doctors are significantly less likely to prescribe antibiotics following tort reforms that reduce malpractice pressure. The changing prescribing patterns appear to have no adverse effects on patient health outcomes over the same time period. Almost 100 million hospital records from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample reveal little to no effects of tort reforms on hospital stays involving conditions that can potentially be avoided through the timely use of antibiotics. Taken together, these findings suggest that malpractice pressure induces doctors to prescribe antibiotics that are medically unnecessary, thereby contributing to the rise in antibiotic resistance.
Evaluation of pretreatments on intra‐radicular dentin bond strength of self‐adhesive resin cements
Authors: Santi Marina Rodrigues , Lins Rodrigo Barros Esteves , Sahadi Beatriz Ometto , Martins Luís Roberto Marcondes , Soto‐Montero Jorge Rodrigo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of dentin pretreatments on the push‐out bond strength (POBS) of self‐adhesive resin cements (SARCs) to radicular dentin.Materials and MethodsTwo experimental pretreatments (2.5% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) and 26% polyacrylic acid (PA)) and two SARCs: Maxcem Elite (MAX) and Calibra Universal (CAL) were used. For each cement, a control group was applied as indicated by the manufacturer. Sixty bovine incisors were restored (n = 10) and subjected to POBS evaluation. Failure mode, adhesive interface and surface morphology were analyzed by a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and resin infiltration was performed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data for POBS and CLSM were analyzed by three‐way ANOVA and Bonferroni post‐hoc (α = 0.05).ResultsFor MAX, both experimental pretreatments resulted in increased POBS in the cervical third, and for CAL, only the PA resulted in higher POBS in the cervical third. The most failures occurred between the dentin and the resin cement, except when TiF4 was applied. For PA, analysis of surface morphology showed open dentinal tubules, while TiF4 presented particle agglomerates. SEM and CLSM images confirmed presence of resin tags for both pretreatments.ConclusionPretreating radicular dentin with PA and TiF4 solutions improves the bond strength of SARCs.
Application of heat carrier particles in a fluidized bed dryer: Dimensionless modeling and GHG emissions
Authors: Karimi Mohsen , Moradi Mehdi , Niakousari Mehrdad , Karparvarfard Seyed Hosein 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDrying of agricultural products inherently is an energy intensive process. In the majority of drying processes, the energy for the air heating process is delivered by the steam, gas‐turbine, and combined‐cycle type power plants that run on the fossil fuels which in turn are responsible for global warming due to the greenhouse phenomena. The industry therefore is interested in the development of any energy saving measure in the drying process. This in turn reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Optimization of the drying process for energy reduction by the mathematical modeling may provide means to accomplish this goal. In the present study, the drying of canola seeds in a fluidized bed dryer containing heat carrier particles was investigated. Drying kinetics was modeled using dimensionless groups and the GHG emissions in each process were determined and analyzed. Three temperature levels and four ratios of Heat Carrier Particle (HCP) to seeds were applied. The lowest specific energy consumption (least GHG emissions) was achieved when the air temperature was set at 60°C and the drying chamber was filled with a mass ratio of 0.5 of HCP to seeds. Values of R2, RMSE, and k2 obtained for the predicted and experimental data were 0.90, 0.017, and 0.00092 respectively.Practical applicationsIn the current investigation, specific energy consumption and GHG emissions in different drying conditions of canola seeds in a fluidized bed dryer containing heat carrier particles were calculated and compared. A dimensionless approach was used to establish a new model for drying of canola seeds in the fluidized bed dryer. Subsequently, a dimensionless equation describing the drying behavior of seeds was derived. This method while being a simple model, gives high precision data for all effective parameters in the drying process. Therefore, the establishment of a dimensionless model for the drying kinetics and investigation of GHG emissions in the present study can be useful for the development of Eco‐friendly drying methods for future usages in food process engineering.
Peripheral blood IL‐6 levels in systemic sclerosis patients: Correlation between IL‐6 levels and clinical phenotypes
Authors: Lin Xiao , Ding Mingming , Chen Tan , Min Shuhui , Wang Danfeng , Jiang Guan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveDetect the expression of Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in the serum of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and assess its association with clinical and laboratory features of the disease.MethodsThe clinical data from 50 patients with SSc in the affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China were retrospectively analyzed. The level of IL‐6 in peripheral blood of systemic sclerosis patients was compared between the different clinical phenotypes groups. Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation of the IL‐6 with C‐reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), creatinine, and cystatin C.ResultsInterleukin‐6 increased in the disease course ≥5 years, systemic sclerosis‐Interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), gastrointestinal involvement, and cardiac involvement group compared with the group with disease course <5 years, no SSc‐ILD, PAH, gastrointestinal involvement, and no cardiac involvement group. The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that IL‐6 in the group with disease course ≥5 years had a positive correlation with ESR (Rs = 0.438, p = 0.022) and CRP (Rs = 0.825, P < 0.001), whereas it was negatively correlated with creatinine (Rs = −0.481, p = 0.011). Nevertheless, when it came to disease course <5 years, the figures had no statistically significant difference.ConclusionSerum IL‐6 in patients with systemic sclerosis is related to different clinical phenotypes. IL‐6 helps to diagnose various phases of diseases, monitor severities of diseases, and predict the prognosis of patients.
Stock Market's Assessment of Monetary Policy Transmission: The Cash Flow Effect
Authors: GÜRKAYNAK REFET , KARASOY‐CAN HATİCE GÖKÇE , LEE SANG SEOK 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTWe show that firm liability structure and associated cash flows matter for firm behavior and that financial market participants price stocks accordingly. Stock price reactions to monetary policy announcements depend on the type and maturity of debt issued by the firms and the forward guidance provided by the Fed, both at and away from the zero lower bound. Further, the marginal stock market participant knows the current liability structures of firms and does not rely on rules of thumb. The cash flow exposure at the time of monetary policy actions predicts future investment, assets, and net worth, clearly violating the Modigliani‐Miller theorem.
Circ‐0002814 participates in proliferation and migration through miR‐210 and FUS/VEGF pathway of preeclampsia
Authors: Wei Na , Song Hongbi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNA plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and autophagy. However, the role and mechanism of circRNA in preeclampsia is yet to be clarified. The present study investigated the function and mechanism of circ‐0002814 in preeclampsia.MethodsThe expression level of circ‐0002814, microRNA 210 (miR210), Notch receptor 1 (Notch1), or cytoplasmic polyadenylation element‐binding protein 2 (CPEB2) was investigated by Reverse transcription Real‐time Quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR). The level of Notch1, CPEB2, and FUS (FUS RNA‐binding protein) proteins was detected by western blot. The localization of circ‐0002814 and miR‐210 was determined by FISH assay. Cell proliferation and invasion were detected by EdU and transwell assays, respectively. The interaction between circ‐0002814 and FUS protein was detected by RNA pulldown assay, while that between circ‐0002814 and miR‐210 was detected by dual‐luciferase reporter assay.ResultsThe expression of circ‐0002814 was decreased in the placenta and plasma of patients with preeclampsia. The ectopic expression of circ‐0002814 promoted the invasion and proliferation of HTR8 cells compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Silencing circ‐0002814 suppressed the invasion and proliferation of JEG3 cells compared to the control group (p < 0.05). circ_0002814‐regulated Notch1 and CPEB2 by interaction with miR‐210 and also regulated FUS/VEGF axis in HTR8 and JEG3 cells.ConclusionA low expression of circ‐0002814 was detected in the plasma and placental tissue in preeclampsia patients. circ‐0002814 participated in the proliferation and invasion of HTR8 and JEG3 cells. Thus, circ‐0002814 may be considered as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for preeclampsia.
Protective effect of symmetrical N‐heterocyclic 1,3,4‐oxadiazole and 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives against Pepino mosaic virus of tomato
Authors: Imane Kasmi , Siham Esserti , Kacem Makroum , Malika Belfaizea , Tayeb Koussa , Aicha Rifai Lalla , Lydia Faize , Stéphane Venisse Jean , Fouad Bentiss , Amal Smaili , Mohamed Faize 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPepino mosaic virus (PepMV) is a highly infectious potexvirus, which has presently become a major pathogen for tomato crops worldwide. Since there is no effective method control for PepMV, strict preventive hygienic measures and cross‐protection have been established. However, the use of mild isolates to protect against aggressive isolates provides opportunities for interaction with other microorganisms, which under certain conditions may worsen disease symptoms. Thus, alternative control methods are needed. In this study we aimed at the development of chemical control against PepMV based on the use of heterocyclic compounds including symmetrical 2,5‐disubstituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles, symmetrical 2,5‐disubstituted 1,3,4‐thiadiazole and dihydrotetrazine derivatives. Results showed that spray application of three 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives (OH‐Oxa, CH3‐Oxa, NO2‐Oxa) and of the derivative of 1,3,4‐thiadiazole (OH‐Thia) resulted in reducing the main symptoms of PepMV in tomato leaves, conversely to the dihydrotetrazine carboxylic acid. Double‐antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (DAS‐ELISA) revealed that PepMV was not detected from tomato plants pre‐treated with the derivatives conferring elevated protection. Moreover, the protective ability of OH‐Oxa, CH3‐Oxa, NO2‐Oxa and OH‐Thia was closely related to the enhancement of the activity of antioxidant enzymes upon infection with PepMV.
Facilitators and barriers to providing affirming care for transgender patients in primary care practices in Arkansas
Authors: Marshall Sarah Alexandra , Stewart Mary Kathryn , Barham Caroline , Ounpraseuth Songthip , Curran Geoffrey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study assessed factors affecting the provision of affirming‐care best practices (ACBPs) for transgender individuals by primary care providers (PCPs) in a rural, southern stateMethodsWe conducted a sequential explanatory mixed‐methods study in 2020, including a statewide survey (phase 1) and interviews (phase 2). Surveyed PCPs (phase 1) included Medical Doctors/Doctors of Osteopathy (MDs/DOs), nurse practitioners, and 1 physician assistant. Interview participants (phase 2) included providers and staff in 6 practices throughout the state. We used an exploratory approach to data collection and performed content analysis to classify interview data into categories representing overarching themesResultsAmong surveyed PCPs who reported they had provided care to transgender patients (n = 35), the most common reason for providing gender‐affirming medical services was “because of my ethical obligation to treat patients equally” (n = 27, 77%). The most common reason for not providing such services was because the PCPs “have not been trained/don't feel competent to provide these services” (n = 12, 34%). Interviews revealed the following themes: (1) willingness to provide “culturally competent care”; (2) continuum of accepting to affirming attitudes toward transgender individuals; (3) basic understanding of stigma and an awareness of its impact; (4) changes needed to provide “culturally competent care”; and (5) preferred clinical support strategies.ConclusionTraining and education to provide ACBPs are warranted and would meet the needs of patients and providers. Facilitating telemedicine visits for transgender patients with gender‐affirming care experts was a favorable implementation strategy for clinical support and is recommended to address access to affirming care.
The sleep physiology of nightmares in veterans with psychological trauma: Evaluation of a dominant model using participant‐applied electroencephalography in the home environment
Authors: Richards Anne , Woodward Steven H. , Baquirin David Paul G. , Yack Leslie M. , Metzler Thomas J. , Udupa Nikhila S. , Staggs Emily J. , Neylan Thomas C. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryNightmares are a core feature of posttraumatic stress disorder, are poorly understood, and are associated with serious negative outcomes. Their biology has been difficult to study, and the feasibility of capturing them in the naturalistic home environment has been poor. This said, the published research and dominant scientific model has focused on nightmares as a manifestation of noradrenergic hyperarousal during rapid eye movement sleep. The current study used at‐home, participant‐applied devices to measure nightmare physiology in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment‐seeking veterans, by examining heartrate measures as indicators of noradrenergic tone, and sleep‐stage characteristics and stability in the sleep preceding time‐stamped nightmare awakenings. Our data indicate the high feasibility of participant‐administered, at‐home measurement, and showed an unexpected stability of ‐rapid eye movement sleep along with no evidence of heartrate elevations in sleep preceding nightmare awakenings. Altogether, these data highlight new opportunities for the study of nightmares while questioning the sufficiency of dominant models, which to date are largely theoretically based.
Association between objective sleep measures and cognitive performance: a cross‐sectional analysis in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil) study
Authors: Suemoto Claudia K. , Santos Ronaldo B. , Giatti Soraya , Aielo Aline N. , Silva Wagner A. , Parise Barbara K. , Cunha Lorenna F. , Souza Silvana P. , Griep Rosane H. , Brunoni Andre R. , Lotufo Paulo A. , Bensenor Isabela M. , Drager Luciano F. 
Published: May 2022

SummarySleep disturbances often co‐exist, which challenges our understanding of their potential impact on cognition. We explored the cross‐sectional associations of insomnia and objective measures of sleep with cognitive performance in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil) study stratified by middle‐aged and older adults. Participants aged ≥55 years underwent cognitive evaluations, polygraphy for 1 night, and actigraphy for 7 days. Insomnia was evaluated using the Clinical Interview Scheduled Revised. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and short sleep duration (SSD) were defined by an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥15 events/h and <6 h/ night, respectively. In 703 participants (mean [SD] age 62 [6] years, 44% men), cognition was evaluated using a 10‐word list, verbal fluency, and trail‐making tests. The frequencies of insomnia, SSD, and OSA were 11%, 24%, and 33%, respectively. In all, 4% had comorbid OSA and insomnia, and 11% had both OSA and SSD. Higher wake after sleep onset (β = −0.004, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.008, −0.001) and the number of awakenings (β = −0.006, 95% CI −0.012, −0.001) were associated with worse verbal fluency performance. Compared to those without insomnia, older participants with insomnia had worse global performance (β = −0.354, 95% CI −0.671, −0.038). Insomnia was an effect modifier in the associations between AHI and executive function performance (p for the interaction between insomnia and AHI = 0.004) and between oxygen saturation <90% and memory performance (p for the interaction between insomnia and oxygen saturation = 0.02). Although some associations between sleep measures and cognition were significant, they should be considered with caution due to the large sample size and multiple testing performed in this study.
Pilot hepatitis C micro‐elimination strategy in Pakistani migrants in Catalonia through a community intervention
Authors: Martró Elisa , Ouaarab Hakima , Saludes Verónica , Buti Maria , Treviño Begoña , Roade Luisa , Egea‐Cortés Laia , Reyes‐Ureña Juliana , Not Anna , Majó Xavier , Colom Joan , Gómez i Prat Jordi ,   HepClink Study Group
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsPakistani migrants in Catalonia, Spain, could have high hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence. The aims of the HepClink study were (i) to implement and assess the quality of a micro‐elimination strategy based on a community intervention and (ii) to obtain data from primary care (PC) registries as a baseline comparator.MethodsThe community intervention targeted Pakistani adults and consisted of education, screening and simplified access to treatment. Quality indicators were calculated (effectiveness, impact and acceptability). The testing rate, the prevalence of HCV antibodies and HCV‐RNA were compared with those observed in the Pakistani population accessing PC in the previous year.ResultsA total of 505 participants were recruited through the community intervention (64.6% men, median 37 years) vs those accessing PC (N = 25 455, 70.9% men, median 38 years). Among study participants, 35.1% did not know about HCV and 9.7% had been previously tested. The testing rate in the community intervention was 99.4% vs 50.7% in PC. Prevalence was 4.6% vs 7.1% (p = .008) for HCV antibodies and 1.4% (3/6 new diagnoses) vs 2.4% (p = .183) for HCV‐RNA. Among the six viremic patients, three began treatment within the intervention and two through the usual circuit and all completed the full course.ConclusionsThis novel community intervention was well accepted and effective at reaching a Pakistani migrant population with a low‐level knowledge of HCV and largely not tested before. The observed prevalence and the high unawareness of their HCV status justify a targeted screening in this group both in the community and in PC.
Homage to Ebola Fighters: Black Labor and Humanitarian Media Campaigns
Authors: Gomez‐Temesio Veronica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuring the Ebola outbreak that hit Guinea in 2014, most of the people employed at the Wonkifong Ebola treatment unit were from Africa or Cuba. Despite the recruitment of black personnel, the unit exposes how the humanitarian infrastructure exploited Guinean workers as if their lives were less vulnerable than those of the foreign personnel. The Africanization of aid reveals a post‐colonial segregation at the intersection of race, class, and locality. The article follows Guinean workers in the quarantine unit, as well as their enrolment in media campaigns. Their experience illuminates a triage at the core of Global Health according to which not only were local workers treated as expendable lives, but their stories were silenced. Yet how did Guinean workers inhabit this anti‐black world? The article unfolds the journey of workers during the outbreak and three years later, exploring the strategies they used to produce their own narratives through personal archives. [humanitarian aid, humanitarian media campaigns, race, Ebola, archives]
Turkey's Foreign Policy in Post‐Soviet Eurasia
Authors: Şahin Devrim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe central question explored in this article is what should motivate decision makers in Turkey when formulating the nation's strategies toward the Turkic countries of Eurasia. Should it be pan‐Islamism that advocates the unity of all Muslims in the world? Pan‐Turkism, based on the unity of Turkic peoples living across Eurasia? Pan‐Turanism, asserting the unity of Turanic people throughout the world? Or Atatürk's pragmatism, which advocated progressive Turkism? It would be unrealistic to revive objectives that, when tested by the rulers of the Ottoman Empire, failed to prevent its collapse in 1918. What Turkey needs now are realistic policies based on common strategic interests that are geographical and relevant, and an active skilled leadership similar to Atatürk's, whose pragmatism provided the driving force behind the founding and survival of modern Turkey.
The war in Ukraine underscores the need to strengthen the international security system
Authors: Wittner Lawrence S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Ukraine war and the response to it are profoundly troubling. Russia’s military assault upon its neighbor clearly constitutes a major war of aggression that shares many features with such wars of the past. Neither the Russian peace movement nor the Western peace movement has been able to affect it—the former because of government repression and the latter because of divisions within is ranks. Consequently, the war has already been immensely destructive and might well become far more so. As in the past, this kind of tragic situation illustrates the necessity for an effective international security system. Although the United Nations is supposed to provide that system, it lacks authority to do so thanks to the crippling control the great powers have exercised over the world organization. Therefore, the Ukraine war highlights the need to strengthen the United Nations as a force for peace.