bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apsidal motion in massive eccentric binaries in NGC 6231
Authors: Rosu S. , Rauw G. , Farnir M. , Dupret M.-A. , Noels A. 
Published: February 2022

Context. The measurement of the apsidal motion in close eccentric massive binary systems provides essential information to probe the internal structure of the stars that compose the system.
Aims. Following the determination of the fundamental stellar and binary parameters, we make use of the tidally induced apsidal motion to infer constraints on the internal structure of the stars composing the binary system HD 152219.
Methods. The extensive set of spectroscopic, photometric, and radial velocity observations allowed us to constrain the fundamental parameters of the stars together with the rate of apsidal motion of the system. Stellar structure and evolution models were further built with the Clés code testing different prescriptions for the internal mixing occurring inside the stars. The effect of stellar rotation axis misalignment with respect to the normal to the orbital plane on our interpretation of the apsidal motion in terms of internal structure constants is investigated.
Results. Made of an O9.5 III primary star (M1 = 18.64 ± 0.47 M⊙, R1 = 9.40−0.15+0.14 R⊙, Teff,1 = 30 900 ± 1000 K, Lbol,1 = (7.26 ± 0.97)×104 L⊙) and a B1-2 V-III secondary star (M2 = 7.70 ± 0.12 M⊙, R2 = 3.69 ± 0.06 R⊙, Teff,2 = 21 697 ± 1000 K, Lbol,2 = (2.73 ± 0.51)×103 L⊙), the binary system HD 152219 displays apsidal motion at a rate of (1.198 ± 0.300)° yr−1. The weighted-average mean of the internal structure constant of the binary system is inferred: k̄2 = 0.00173 ± 0.00052. For the Clés models to reproduce the k2-value of the primary star, a significantly enhanced mixing is required, notably through the turbulent mixing, but at the cost that other stellar parameters cannot be reproduced simultaneously.
Conclusions. The difficulty to reproduce the k2-value simultaneously with the stellar parameters as well as the incompatibility between the age estimates of the primary and secondary stars are indications that some physics of the stellar interior are still not completely understood.
CMASS galaxy sample and the ontological status of the cosmological principle
Authors: Kim Yigon , Park Chan-Gyung , Noh Hyerim , Hwang Jai-chan 
Published: February 2022

Context.The cosmological principle (CP), assuming spatially homogeneous and isotropic background geometry in the cosmological scale, is a fundamental assumption in modern cosmology. Recent observations of the galaxy redshift survey provide relevant data to confront the principle with observations. Several previous studies claim that the homogeneity scale is reached at a radius around 70 h−1 Mpc. However, the same observation shows a dramatic visual structure in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Great Wall, which extends 300 h−1 Mpc in linear dimension.Aims.We present a homogeneity test for the matter distribution using the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 CMASS galaxy sample and clarify the ontological status of the CP.Methods.As a homogeneity criterion, we compared the observed data with similarly constructed random distributions using the number count in the truncated cones method. Comparisons are also made with three theoretical results using the same method: (i) the dark matter halo mock catalogs from theN-body simulation, (ii) the log-normal distributions derived from the theoretical matter power spectrum, and (iii) the direct estimation from the theoretical power spectrum.Results.We show that the observed distribution is statistically impossible as a random distribution up to 300 h−1 Mpc in radius, which is around the largest statistically available scale. However, comparisons with the three theoretical results show that the observed distribution is consistent with these theoretically derived results based on the CP.Conclusions.We show that the observed galaxy distribution (light) and the simulated dark matter distribution (matter) are quite inhomogeneous even on a large scale. Here, we clarify that there is no inconsistency surrounding the ontological status of the CP in cosmology. In practice, the CP is applied to the metric and the metric fluctuation is extremely small in all cosmological scales. This allows the CP to be valid as the averaged background in the metric. The matter fluctuation, however, is decoupled from the small nature of metric fluctuation in the subhorizon scale. What is directly related to the matter in Einstein’s gravity is the curvature, which is a quadratic derivative of the metric.
Intraperitoneal verlängerter Peritonealdialysekatheter bei Adipositas
Authors: Sayer Michael , Artunc Ferruh 
Published: February 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Anlage eines Peritonealdialysekatheters (PDK) ist bei Patienten mit einer terminalen Niereninsuffizienz und einer Adipositas aufgrund des erhöhten Bauchumfangs deutlich erschwert oder gar unmöglich. Durch die Verlagerung der Implantationsstelle in den schlankeren Oberbauch könnte dieses Problem gelöst werden. In der Vergangenheit wurden dazu PDK mit Verlängerung des transmuralen Segments verwendet, die über eine lange Tunnelung über 2 Inzisionsstellen implantiert wurden. In diesem Beitrag beschreiben wir die Entwicklung eines PDK, dessen intraperitoneales Segment mittels eines Adapters verlängert und über eine einzige Inzision chirurgisch implantiert wird. Bei 29 adipösen Patienten zeigte dieser Katheter ein 1-Jahres-Überleben von 92 % bei guten Flusseigenschaften und hoher Dialyseeffektivität.
Anti-Alzheimer’s and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Compounds Isolated from Solanum Mauritianum
Authors: Ticona Luis Apaza , García Borja Durán , Bastante Marcos Humanes , Serban Andreea Madalina , Sánchez Ángel Rumbero 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSolanum mauritianum, commonly known as “Tabaquillo”, was one of the most used plants by tribes from South America as a remedy for headaches. Based on this ethnopharmacological use, a bioguided isolation of compounds with anti-inflammatory and anti-Alzheimer’s activities from S. mauritianum was carried out by measuring the inhibition of NF-κB in C8D1A, Neuro-2a, and EOC 13.31 cells, and by measuring the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and β-amyloid. This allowed the isolation and characterisation by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry of four compounds (1–4). Compounds 1–4 showed NF-κB inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 9.13–9.96, 17.17–17.77, 2.41–2.79, and 1.59–1.93 µM, respectively, while celastrol (the positive control) had an IC50 value of 7.41 µM. Likewise, compounds 1–4 showed anti-Alzheimer’s activity, inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase by 40.33, 20.57, 61.26, and 83.32%, respectively, while galantamine (positive control) showed an inhibition of 90.38%. In addition, concerning the inhibition of β-amyloid aggregation, compounds 1–4 showed an inhibition of 47, 23, 65, and 93%, respectively, while curcumin (positive control) had an inhibition of 71.19%.
Addressing the Psychosocial Needs of Individuals with Communication Disorders: The Integration of Animal-Assisted Therapy within Counseling
Authors: Atherton W. Leigh , Hudock Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIndividuals with speech, language, and communication disorders often present with psychosocial concerns that span the physiological, intrapersonal, and interpersonal domains of functioning. Despite this fact, the provision of counseling service by speech-language pathologist (SLP) that directly addresses clients' psychosocial needs is sparse. Research shows the primary counseling strategy used by therapists is psychoeducation, failing to effectively address the psychosocial concerns. Integrating complementary approaches to traditional counseling in SLP can enhance both the quality of therapeutic intervention and client outcomes. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the potential of animal-assisted therapy (AAT) as an adjunctive or complementary approach for counseling within SLP. A review of literature demonstrates a need for improved counseling service provision within SLP treatment, as well as the benefits of integrating AAT. A framework for how AAT intentions and techniques fit within SLP Scope of Practice counseling activities is presented, along with case examples to demonstrate how AAT can be integrated within SLP treatment. It is concluded that the integration of AAT as a complementary approach to traditional SLP counseling can enhance both the frequency of counseling services provided and clients' psychosocial outcomes.
A Rare Case of Isolated Agenesis of the Thyroid Isthmus: Surgical Implications
Authors: Singhal Gaurang , Nayak Pradeepti , Sharma Nishi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the body and pathologies related to this gland are a fairly common occurrence in clinical practice. Various developmental abnormalities can distort the morphology of the thyroid gland. Variations in anatomy may have critical clinical implications, both in terms of manifestations and surgical complications. In this report, we discuss a rare case of isolated agenesis of the thyroid isthmus that was discovered incidentally during the right thyroid lobectomy of a female patient who was diagnosed as the case of colloid goiter.
What Else to Pay Attention in Terms of Bone Health Other than Osteoarthritis among Candidates Undergoing Total Knee Replacement: Observations in a Subset of Indian Population
Authors: Pandey Amol Prabhakar , Dubey Sonam , Sharma Kavita , Soni Pankaj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Earlier it was thought that osteoarthritis and osteoporosis were mutually exclusive but many studies now prove that these diseases coexist. This study was undertaken to assess the bone health in terms of mineral density and other markers among patients undergoing total knee replacement due to osteoarthritis.
Methods A total of 100 patients with advanced osteoarthritis undergoing total knee replacement and satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Detailed social, medical, personal, and family history was recorded. All participants underwent for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan (spine and both hips), X-rays (both knees and pelvis), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scoring, and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and Parathyroid hormone (PTH). Data collected and analyzed.
Results In total, 87% of total participants were females. Mean values for age, height, weight, serum vitamin D3, serum PTH, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum alkaline phosphatase, WOMAC score, and bone mineral density (BMD) score (T-score) were 65.35 years, 160.15 cm, 69.37 kg, 26.91 ng/mL, 48.02 pg/mL, 9.01 mg/mL, 3.40 ng/mL, 57.91 IU/L, 56.32, and −1.16, respectively.
Conclusion Osteopenia and osteoporosis seem prevalent in the Indian population with advanced knee osteoarthritis. Our findings do not support the hypothesis of inverse relation between osteoarthritis and lower BMD. The study reflected poorer bone health and lesser average age for Indian patients undergoing total knee replacement.
Initial involvement into birding: triggers, gender, and decade effects—a mixed-methods study
Authors: Randler Christoph , Marx Nadja 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBirdwatching is an increasing nature-related activity, with an important influence on data collection of citizen science programs. Initial involvement into a leisure activity is an important life event, but also of interest for nature conservation and citizen science projects. Here, we assessed the initiation into birding by an open-ended question. Based on an online survey, mainly in Austria, Germany and Switzerland we recruited 2668 participants, with 2464 people reporting a specific reason for their initial involvement. Data were analyzed by a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Initiation age was 22.90 years (±15.27). The reasons for initial involvement were in descending order: social influence, nature experience, bird-centered triggers, education (formal/informal), cognitive-emotional aspects (interest, curiosity), other emotions, involvement via other hobbies/jobs, life-course events, ecological aspects, bird clubs/groups and opportunity. Men were more influenced by males and women more by females. Men experienced birding initiation more by club/group and the venue of other activities (job/hobby). Women were more influenced by nature experience, bird experience, emotions, and life-course events. Social initiation became less important during decades, while ecological aspect, education, other activities, and life-course events became more important. The study has implications on program developers and nature conservation organizations.
Electron power absorption mode transition in capacitively coupled Ar/CF4 discharges: hybrid modeling investigation
Authors: Wen Ying-Ying , Li Xin-Yang , Zhang Yu-Ru , Song Yuan-Hong , Wang You-Nian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, the electron power absorption mode transition in capacitively coupled Ar/CF4 discharges is investigated by using a one-dimensional fluid/electron Monte Carlo hybrid model. Different electron power absorption modes are observed under various external discharge conditions, which could be explained by examining the contribution of bulk electrons and secondary electrons respectively. The results indicate that as the gap increases, the electron power absorption mode changes from the drift-ambipolar (DA) mode to a α-γ-DA hybrid mode. This is ascribed to the enhanced ionization process of secondary electrons due to their sufficient collisions when the discharge region expands, as well as the weakened drift and ambipolar electric fields. By increasing the secondary electron emission coefficient, the number density of secondary electrons grows, and thus the discharge experiences a transition from a α-DA hybrid mode over a α-γ-DA hybrid mode and finally into the γ mode. Moreover, when the proportion of CF4 increases, the discharge tends to be more electronegative. As a consequence, the discharge gradually transits from a α-γ hybrid mode over a α-γ-DA hybrid mode, and finally to the DA mode. The results obtained in this work are important for improving the high aspect ratio etching process by secondary electrons.
Phase transitions in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator with high-frequency pumping
Authors: Qin Fang , Chen Rui , Lu Hai-Zhou 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the topological phase transitions in an effective model for a topological thin film with high-frequency pumping. In particular, our results show that the circularly polarized light can break the time-reversal symmetry and induce the quantum anomalous Hall insulator (QAHI) phase. Meanwhile, the bulk magnetic moment can also break the time-reversal symmetry. Therefore, it shows rich phase diagram by tuning the intensity of the light and the thickness of the thin film. Using the parameters fitted by experimental data, we give the topological phase diagram of the Cr-doped Bi2Se3 thin film, showing that by modulating the strength of the polarized optical field in an experimentally accessible range, there are four different phases: the normal insulator phase, the time-reversal-symmetry-broken quantum spin Hall insulator phase, and two different QAHI phases with opposite Chern numbers. Comparing with the non-doped Bi2Se3, it is found that the interplay between the light and bulk magnetic moment separates the two different QAHI phases with opposite Chern numbers. The results show that an intrinsic magnetic topological insulator with high-frequency pumping is an ideal platform for further exploring various topological phenomena with a spontaneously broken time-reversal symmetry.
Deep learning the properties of inorganic perovskites
Authors: Cherukara Mathew J , Mannodi-Kanakkithodi Arun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The ability to accurately and quickly predict the stability of materials and their structural and electronic properties remains a grand challenge in materials science. Density functional theory is widely used as a means of predicting these material properties, but is known to be computationally expensive and scales as the cube of the number of electrons in the material’s unit cell. In this article, for a previously published dataset of inorganic perovskites, we show that a single neural network model using only the elemental properties of the compounds’ constituents can predict lattice constants to within 0.1 Å, heat of formation to within 0.2 eV, and band gaps to within 0.7 eV RMSE. We also compare the performance of the trained network to two widely used regression techniques, namely random forest and Kernel ridge regression, and find that the neural network’s predictions are more accurate for each of the properties. The simultaneous accurate prediction of multiple key properties of technologically relevant materials is promising for rational design and optimization in known and novel chemical spaces.
Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillation spanning 3.4–8.2 μm in a MgF2 microresonator
Authors: Sun Qibing , Wu Wei , Wang Yi , Yang Yu , Shi Lei , Ming Xianshun , Wang Leiran , Wang Keyi , Zhao Wei , Zhang Wenfu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mid-infrared optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) offer a compelling route for accessing the ‘molecular fingerprint’ region and, thus, can find intensive applications such as precision spectroscopy and trace gas detection. Yet it still remains rather a challenge to realize broadband mid-infrared OPOs within a single cavity, usually limited by strict phase-matching conditions for wide spectral coverage and available pump power for adequate frequency generation. Here, we report the mid-infrared parametric oscillation spanning from 3.4 to 8.2 μm, based on four-wave mixing in a high-Q MgF2 microresonator with optimized dispersion. The center wavelength at 4.78 μm is determined by the continuous tunable quantum cascade laser source, which contributes to effective expansion towards longer wavelength, as well as systemic miniaturization with smaller pump module. Such results could not only shed light on new ultimates of crystal and other microresonators, but also inspire explorations on their growing potentials in near future.
Remote sensing array (RSA) for linac beam monitoring
Authors: Lauber Robert , Brivio Davide , Sajo Erno , Hesser Jürgen , Zygmanski Piotr 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the feasibility of a novel real-time beam monitoring device for medical linacs which remotely senses charge carriers produced in air by the beam without intersecting and attenuating the beamline. The primary goal is to elaborate a theoretical concept of a possible detector geometry and underlying physical model that allows for determination of clinically relevant beam data in real time, namely MLC leaf positions and dose rate. The detector consists of two opposing electrode arrays arranged in two possible orientations around the beamline. Detection of charge carriers is governed by electromagnetic principles described by Shockley–Ramo theorem. Ions produced by ionization of the air column upstream of patient move laterally in an external electric field. According to the method of images, mirror charges and mirror currents are formed in the strip electrodes. Determination of MU rate and MLC positions using the measured signal requires solution of an inverse problem. In the present work we adopted a Least-Square approach and characterized detector response and sensitivity to detection of beam properties for different electrode geometries and MLC shapes. Results were dependent on MLC field shape and the leaf position within the active volume. The accuracy of determination of leaf positions were in the sub-mm range (up to 0.25–1 mm). Additionally, detector sensitivity was quantified by simulating ions/pulse delivered with a radiation transport deterministic computation in 1D in CEPXS/ONEDANT. For a 6 MV linac pulse, signal amplitude per pulse was estimated to be in the lower pA to fA range. We computationally demonstrated feasibility of the remote sensing detector capable of measuring beam parameters such as MLC leaf positions and dose range for each pulse. Future work should focus on optimizing the electrode geometry to increase sensitivity and better reconstruction algorithms to provide more accurate solutions of the inverse problem.
On the performance of hafnium-oxide-based negative capacitance FinFETs, with and without a spacer
Authors: Sil Monali , Nawaz Sk Masum , Mallik Abhijit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This paper reports a thorough investigation of the impacts of a spacer dielectric on the performance of HfO2-ferroelectric-based negative capacitance (NC)-FinFETs for 10 nm technology (gate length 22 nm) as per International Roadmap for Devices and Systems with in comparison with similarly-sized conventional FinFETs by means of an industry standard technology computer aided design tool. It is found that, although a high-k spacer results in improved subthreshold swing (SS) and I
ON, it increases delay due to enhanced gate capacitance for both types of devices. In spite of having higher gate capacitance for a given spacer, the delay is lower for the NC devices than the conventional devices with identical I
OFF, which is due to higher I
ON in such devices. Comparing with the baseline FinFET; I
ON, SS, threshold voltage, delay and power dissipation of NC-FinFET have been found to improve by 69%, 7%, 5%, 14% and 9% respectively, when Si3N4 spacer is used. Implications of spacer on V
DD scalability, delay and power dissipation of NC-FinFETs have also been investigated in one-to-one comparison with similarly-sized conventional FinFETs. If identical delay is considered in both the devices, higher active power dissipation due to enhanced gate capacitance is a concern for HfO2-ferroelectric-based NC-FinFETs.
Real-time adaptive leg-stiffness for roll compensation via magnetorheological control in a legged robot
Authors: Christie M D , Sun S , Deng L , Du H , Zhang S W , Li W H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Over the recent few decades, the evolving research-field of legged robotics has seen various mechanical and control-based developments. Inspired by biological species, a significant adaptation in modern mechanical leg designs has been the implementation of adjustable stiffness, shifting from what were previously simple linkages to more-complex variable stiffness actuators. Physiological studies previously demonstrated leg-stiffness modulation was not only a common trait in multiple biological locomotors, but also played a key role in disturbance recovery for humans. Guided by this, recent robotics research has shown that this can also be applied to legged robots to achieve similar locomotion adaptations, albeit often limited by the tuning time of leg stiffness in such circumstances. This study proposes real-time adaptive stiffness robot legs which are governed by fast-response magnetorheological fluid dampers, enabling stiffness adjustment upon a single step. Through experimental characterisation and model validation, these legs are shown to achieve a maximum stiffness shift of 114%. Enabled by real-time control during locomotion, improved performance and roll-angle stability is experimentally demonstrated for a bipedal robot test platform. Such improvement to locomotion is found through typical legged locomotion scenarios, with the platform encountering: obstacles, valleys, and coronal gradients in a comprehensive series of experiments.