bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
4 Fitness Dependent Optimizer for IoT Healthcare using Adapted Parameters: A Case Study Implementation
Authors: Aladdin Aso M. , Abdullah Jaza M. , Salih Kazhan Othman Mohammed , Rashid Tarik A. , Sagban Rafid , Alsaddon Abeer , Bacanin Nebojsa , Chhabra Amit , Vimal S. , Banerjee Indradip 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This discusses a case study on Fitness Dependent Optimizer or so-called FDO and adapting its parameters to the Internet of Things (IoT) healthcare. The reproductive way is sparked by the bee swarm and the collaborative decision-making of FDO. As opposed to the honey bee or artificial bee colony algorithms, this algorithm has no connection to them. In FDO, the search agent's position is updated using speed or velocity, but it's done differently. It creates weights based on the fitness function value of the problem, which assists lead the agents through the exploration and exploitation processes. Other algorithms are evaluated and compared to FDO as Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the original work. The key current algorithms—The Salp-Swarm Algorithms (SSA), Dragonfly Algorithm (DA), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) have been evaluated against FDO in terms of their results. Using these FDO experimental findings, we may conclude that FDO outperforms the other techniques stated. There are two primary goals for this chapter: first, the implementation of FDO will be shown step-by-step so that readers can better comprehend the algorithm method and apply FDO to solve real-world applications quickly. The second issue deals with how to tweak the FDO settings to make the meta-heuristic evolutionary algorithm better in the IoT health service system at evaluating big quantities of information. Ultimately, The target of this chapter's enhancement is to adapt the IoT healthcare framework based on FDO to spawn effective IoT healthcare applications for reasoning out real-world optimization, aggregation, prediction, segmentation, and other technological problems.
Shelter identification for shelter-transporting AGV based on improved target detection model yolov5
Authors: Yang Dian , Su Chen , Wu Hang , Xu Xinxi , Zhao Xiuguo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Shelter identification is the fundamental issue to make shelter-transporting automated guided vehicle (AGV) effectively detect and transport shelter. Actively identifying shelter has an important problem of high accuracy but slow speed for a complex model, and fast speed but low accuracy for a simple model. However, all kinds of target detection algorithms available have low detection accuracy and speed. In this paper, the model yolov5n6* is developed based on the modified yolov5 model by selecting different model structures, introducing an attention mechanism, and improving loss function and non-maximum suppression (NMS). Then, the experiments for shelter recognition were carried out using the model yolov5n6*. The experimental results show that the box_loss is reduced by 1.2%, the mAP_0.5:0.95 is improved by 2%, and the detection accuracy is improved by 0.87% for the improved model yolov5n6* compared with the yolov5n6. However, the yolov5n6* size is only 7.2M, and the detection time is increased by 0.2ms. So it is proved that the modified model yolov5n6* not only has a significant improvement in the shelter detection ability but also has strong robustness, which meets both the requirements of the recognition accuracy and the detection speed.
Multicriteria seismic risk assessment in Puerto Vallarta metropolitan area, Mexico
Authors: Jaimes Diana L. , Escudero Christian R , Flores Karen L. , Zamora-Camacho Araceli 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The destructive effects of an earthquake are enhanced when the population is not prepared. The experiences from the past highlighted the importance of proper planning based on adequate scientific data. The Puerto Vallarta metropolitan area (PVMA) comprises medium-sized, rapid-growing urban areas of independent administrative and political entities that maintain a constant, direct socioeconomic interrelation. The PVMA is located in a region with a complex tectonic setting that produces important seismic activity and is affected by beaches, rivers, and estuary systems that produce complex soils and subsoil conditions. Moreover, the PVMA constantly undergoes anthropogenic processes that modify the local geomorphology and produce improper urbanization. Therefore, the PVMA constitutes an ideal natural laboratory to implement and test techniques to estimate seismic hazard, social vulnerability, and seismic risk. These techniques can be later implemented in other similar cities around the world. To determine the seismic hazard, social vulnerability, and seismic risk of the PVMA, we implemented the Multicriteria Evaluation Method within a Graphical Information System considering geomorphological (i.e., bedrock, soil, slope, curvature, flow accumulation), geophysical (peak ground acceleration, shear velocity, vibration frequency), and social information (population density, age, disabilities, health access, housing, and economic activity). We estimate the seismic hazard, social vulnerability, and seismic risk by considering three possible earthquakes. The results indicate a heterogeneous distribution of seismic risk with levels between moderate to high. Finally, a seismic risk microzonation in terms of the percentages of the seismic risk levels is proposed for the Puerto Vallarta metropolitan area.
Susceptibility evaluation of highway landslide disaster s based on SBAS-InSAR: A case study of S211 Highway in Lanping County
Authors: Li Yimin , Ji Peikun , Liu Shiyi , Zhao Juanzhen , Yang Yiming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Evaluation of landslide susceptibility along highways is critical for risk management in engineering development, construction, and operation and maintenance. The research target is the S211 Highway in Lanping County, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province, with its buffer zone extending 10 km as the research area. Eight evaluation factors are selected for the study, including slope, slope aspect, vegetation coverage, distance from the water system, rock group, rainfall, distance from the fault, and elevation. The findings of the susceptibility evaluation were classified into five categories, and the susceptibility grades of landslide disasters in the study area were evaluated using the information value and logistic regression coupling model. The accuracy of the coupling model was evaluated by the ROC curve and AUC value. The deformation rate in the study area was estimated by processing 28 Sentinel-1A satellite images captured from January to December 2019 using the SBAS-InSAR technology and was used to optimize the landslide susceptibility grade. The results show that the extremely high and high-risk areas of the information value-logistic regression coupling model account for 28.33% of the total area of the study area, which constitutes nearly 83.82% of the historical landslide disaster sites, mainly occupying areas along highways with low vegetation coverage and within 2000 m from rivers. The AUC values in the accuracy verification reach 0.843, indicating that the evaluation model can accurately predict the landslide susceptibility. The vulnerability grade of landslide geological disaster in the entire evaluation unit is significantly increased by optimizing the result of the surface deformation obtained by SBAS-InSAR technology. A total of 79587 grid units were added to the area, resulting in an extremely high vulnerability grade. This technique may optimize the evaluation results of landslide hazard susceptibility and provide decision support for disaster prevention and maintenance along highways.
New catalytic mechanism replaces serine protease mechanism in antigen cleavage by catalytic antibody
Authors: Hifumi Emi , Nonaka Tamami , Taguchi Hiroaki , Uda Taizo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The cleavage reactions of catalytic antibodies are mediated by a serine protease mechanism involving a catalytic triad composed of His, Ser, and Asp residues, which reside in the variable region. Recently, we discovered a catalytic antibody, H34 wild type (H34wt), that is capable of enzymatically cleaving an immune-check point PD-1 peptide and recombinant PD-1; however, H34wt does not contain His residues in the variable region. To clarify the reason behind the catalytic features of H34wt and the amino acid residues involved in the catalytic reaction, we performed site-directed mutagenesis focusing on the amino acid residues involved in the cleavage reaction, followed by catalytic activity tests, immunological reactivity evaluation, and molecular modeling. The results revealed that the cleavage reaction by H34wt proceeds through the action of a new catalytic triad composed of Arg, Thr, and Gln. This new mechanism replaces the serine protease mechanism of catalytic antibodies.
Preoperative umeclidinium/vilanterol and tiotropium improves postoperative FEV1 in lung cancer patients with complicated untreated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Homma Takahiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of preoperative interventions in lung cancer patients with untreated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study evaluated the efficiency of preoperative interventions using tiotropium or umeclidinium/vilanterol (UMEC/VI) and included more patients than in previous studies on this topic.Methods: We conducted a two-center retrospective study. Perioperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was compared between a preoperative COPD intervention group and an untreated group. COPD therapeutic drugs were started 2 weeks before surgery and were continued until 3 months after surgery. Radical lobectomy was performed in patients with an FEV1 of ≥1.5 L. Results: A total of 92 patients were enrolled (untreated, 31 patients; intervention, 61 patients). In the intervention group, 45 (73.8%) patients were prescribed the UMEC/VI intervention and 16 (26.2%) received TIO. The intervention group showed a greater increase in FEV1 than the untreated group (FEV1: 120 vs. 0 mL, P = 0.014). In the intervention group, the UMEC/VI group showed a greater increase in FEV1 than the TIO group (FEV1: 160 vs. 7 mL, P = 0.0005). In 9 of 15 (60.0%) patients with an FEV1 of <1.5 L before intervention, FEV1 increased to ≥1.5 L after intervention. Postoperative FEV1 in the intervention group was similar to that before intervention, unlike in the untreated group (−0.05 vs. −0.25 mL, P = 0.0026). Moreover, the FEV1 in the untreated group was similar to the preoperative predicted value, whereas that in the intervention group was significantly higher than the predicted value (+0.33 vs. +0.04 mL, P < 0.001)Conclusions: In lung cancer patients with untreated COPD, aggressive preoperative intervention improved respiratory function, expanded treatment options, and maintained respiratory function to a degree that exceeded preoperative predictions. Trial registration: retrospective registered
Birth weight and gestational age distributions in a rural Kenyan population
Authors: Bucher Sherri , Nowak Kayla , Otieno Kevin , Tenge Constance , Marete Irene , Rutto Faith , Kemboi Millsort , Achieng Emma , Ekhaguere Osayame , Nyongesa Paul , Esamai Fabian , Liechty Edward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWith the increased availability of access to prenatal ultrasound in low/middle-income countries, there is opportunity to better characterize the association between fetal growth and birth weight across global settings. This is important, as fetal growth curves and birthweight charts are often used as proxy health indicators. As part of a randomized control trial, in which ultrasonography was utilized to establish accurate gestational age of pregnancies, we explored the association between gestational age and birthweight among a cohort in Western Kenya, then compared our results to data reported by the INTERGROWTH-21st study.MethodsThis study was conducted in 8 geographical clusters across 3 counties in Western Kenya. Eligible subjects were nulliparous women carrying singleton pregnancies. An early ultrasound was performed between 6 + 0/7 and 13 + 6/7 weeks gestational age. At birth, infants were weighed on platform scales provided either by the study team (community births), or the Government of Kenya (public health facilities). The 10th, 25th, median, 75th, and 90th BW percentiles for 36 to 42 weeks gestation were determined; resulting percentile points were plotted, and curves determined using a cubic spline technique. A signed rank test was used to quantify the comparison of the percentiles generated in the rural Kenyan sample with those of the INTERGROWTH-21st study.ResultsA total of 1291 infants (of 1408 pregnant women randomized) were included. Ninety-three infants did not have a measured birth weight. The majority of these were due to miscarriage (n = 49) or stillbirth (n = 27). No significant differences were found between subjects who were lost to follow-up. Signed rank comparisons of the observed median of the Western Kenya data at 10th, 50th, and 90th birthweight percentiles, as compared to medians reported in the INTERGROWTH-21st distributions, revealed close alignment between the two datasets, with significant differences at 36 and 37 weeks. Limitations of the current study include small sample size, and detection of potential digit preference bias.ConclusionsA comparison of birthweight percentiles by gestational age estimation, among a sample of infants from rural Kenya, revealed slight differences as compared to those from an urban setting in the same geographical setting (INTERGROWTH-21st ).Trial registration : This is a single site sub-study of data collected in conjunction with the Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated Risk Reduction In Nulliparas (ASPIRIN) Trial, which is listed at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02409680 (07/04/2015)
Isolation of a Californium(II) Crown-Ether Complex
Authors: Poe Todd , Ramanantoanina Harry , Sperling Joseph , Wineinger Hannah , Rotermund Brian , Brannon Jacob , Bai Zhuangling , Scheibe Benjamin , Beck Nick , Long Brian , Justiniano Samantha , Albrecht-Schoenzart Thomas , Celis-Barros Cristian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Californium (Z = 98) is the first member of the actinide series displaying metastability of the 2 + oxidation state. Understanding the origin of this chemical behavior requires characterizing CfII materials, but isolating a complex with this state has remained elusive. The source of its inaccessibility arises from the intrinsic challenges of manipulating this unstable element as well as a lack of suitable reductants that do not reduce CfIII to Cf0. Herein we show that a CfII crown-ether complex, Cf(18-crown-6)I2, can be prepared using an Al/Hg amalgam as a reductant. While spectroscopic evidence shows that CfIII can be quantitatively reduced to CfII, rapid radiolytic re-oxidation back to the CfIII parent occurs and co-crystallized mixtures of CfII and CfIII complexes are isolated if the crystallization is not conducted over the Al/Hg amalgam. Quantum chemical calculations show that the Cf‒ligand interactions are highly ionic and that 5f/6d mixing is absent, resulting in remarkably weak 5f→5f transitions and an absorption spectrum dominated by 5f→6d transitions.
The Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on the First COVID-19 Epidemic Wave in South Africa
Authors: Mabuka Thabo , Ncube Nesisa , Ross Michael , Silaji Andrea , Macharia Willie , Ndemera Tinashe , Lemeke Tlaleng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
ObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the impact of COVID-19 NPIs in South Africa to understand their effectiveness in the reduction of transmission of COVID-19 in the South African population. This study also investigated the COVID-19 testing, reporting, hospitalised cases and excess deaths in the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in South Africa. MethodsA semi-reactive stochastic COVID-19 model, the ARI COVID-19 SEIR model, was used to investigate the impact of NPIs in South Africa to understand their effectiveness in the reduction of COVID-19 transmission in the South African population. COVID-19 testing, reporting, hospitalised cases and excess deaths in the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in South Africa were investigated using descriptive statistics.FindingsThe general trend in population movement in South African locations shows that the COVID-19 NPIs (National Lockdown Alert Levels 5,4,3,2) were approximately 30% more effective in reducing population movement concerning each increase by 1 Alert Level. The translated reduction in the effective SARS-CoV-2 daily contact number (β) was only 4.13 % to 14.6 % concerning increasing Alert Levels. Due to implemented NPIs, the effective SARS-CoV-2 daily contact number in the first COVID-19 epidemic wave in South Africa was reduced by 58.1-71.1 % while the peak was delayed by 84 days. The estimated COVID-19 reproductive number was between 1.98 to 0.40. During South Africa’s first COVID-19 epidemic wave, the estimated mean for the COVID-19 general ward, intensive care unit, on oxygen, high care, on ventilator, in isolation ward admission status in South African hospital was 58.5 %, 95% CI [58.1,59.0], 13.4 %, 95% CI [13.1,13.7], 13.3 %, 95% CI [12.6,14.0], 6.37 %, 95% CI [6.23,6.51], 6.29 %, 95% CI [6.02,6.55], 2.13 %, 95% CI [1.87,2.43] respectively. The estimated mean South African COVID-19 patient discharge rate was 11.9 days per patient. While the estimated mean of the South African COVID-19 patient case fatality rate (CFR) in hospital and outside the hospital was 2.06 %, 95% CI [1.86,2.25] (deaths per admitted patients) and 2.30 %, 95% CI [1.12,3.83](deaths per severe and critical cases) respectively.ConclusionThe results from this study show that the COVID-19 NPI policies implemented by the Government of South Africa played a significant role in the reduction of COVID-19 active, hospitalised cases and deaths in South Africa’s first COVID-19 epidemic wave.
Clinical and prognostic analysis of 42 children with malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney: a 17-year retrospective multi-center study
Authors: Zhanghuang Chenghao , Zhang Zhaoxia , Zeng Li , Yan Bing , Tang Haoyu , Wang Jinkui , Liu Xing , Wei Guanghui , He Dawei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective To discuss the clinical and prognostic indicators of pediatric malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK), and to increase the understanding of the occurrence and development of MRTK. Methods From July 2014 to September 2021.All cases were confirmed by postoperative pathological examination.Among the 42 patients,there were 25 males and 17 females,with a median age of 10 (1–84) months.Abdominal mass or hematuria were the main clinical manifestations.Preoperative chemotherapy was performed in 9 cases (VC).The tumor stages were stage I-IV.Preoperative metastasis was found in 9 cases;the most common site was the lung.Postoperative patients received conventional chemotherapy, including VDACE regimen and HU-1 regimen.Among the 42 children in this group, Overall survival rate was 26.2%(11/42). Results Preoperative anemia was found by univariate analysis, hypertension and hypercalcemia had shorter survival time.In addition, tumor-related factors had a significant impact on survival, with incomplete tumor resection, lymph node metastasis, stage III-IV had a lower survival rate.The impact of postoperative factors on survival included postoperative complications had a lower survival rate.The children were younger than 12 months, preoperative metastasis, no chemotherapy was performed after surgery was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of MRTK. Conclusion MRTK is a highly malignant tumor occurring in the kidney, mostly in infants. The main clinical manifestations were abdominal mass and hematuria. Preoperative chemotherapy did not significantly improve the prognosis. Postoperative chemotherapy can significantly improve the survival rate. Diagnosis depends on clinical manifestations, imaging, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and other comprehensive judgment. Age less than 12 months, preoperative metastasis, and no postoperative chemotherapy were independent risk factors for prognosis.
Horizon Scale tests of Quantum Gravity using the Event Horizon Telescope observations
Authors: Marongwe Stuart 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We test the fundamental physics of the Nexus Paradigm of quantum gravity
using horizon scale images and shadows of the supermassive black holes
(SMBHs) Sagittarius (Sgr)A* and M87* as imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope
(EHT). We consider the angular diameter of the emission ring peak as
predicted by the Nexus Paradigm including the size of the central dark
depression and the base diameter of each black hole. The predicted dimensions
are then compared to observations from which we obtain an excellent agreement
between observations and prediction at the 99th percentile credibility
interval.
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as an adjunct for management of deep caries lesions - Study protocol for a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Martins Luiz Filipe Barbosa , de Sena Leandro Rodrigues , de Paula Diego Martins , Feitosa Victor Pinheiro , Horliana Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini , Fernandes Kristianne Porta Santos , Mesquita-Ferrari Raquel Agnelli , Motta Lara Jansiski , Gonçalves Marcela Leticia Leal , Bussadori Sandra Kalil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Alternatively to conventional treatments, chemo-mechanical caries removal agents can be used. A modality of treatment that has been increasing in dentistry is antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Bixa orellana, is being researched for application in aPDT. This protocol aims to determine the effectiveness of aPDT with Bixa orellana extract in deep caries lesions.Methods: A total of 160 teeth with deep occlusal dental caries will be selected and divided in 3 groups: G1 - control group (Caries removal with a lowspeed drill); G2 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie; G3 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie and application Bixa orellana extract (20%); G4 - Partial Caries Removal with Papacarie and application Bixa orellana extract (20%) with LED (aPDT). After treatment, all the teeth will be restored with glass ionomer cement and followed up clinically and radiographically, with evaluations at immediately, 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Dentin samples before and after treatment will be analyzed microbiologically. The data will be submitted to descriptive statistical analysis of the association between the categorical variables using the chi-square test and Fisher exact text. The Student t test and analysis of variance will be used for the comparison of mean signs and symptoms of reversible pulpitis. Pearson correlation coefficients will be calculated for the analysis of correlations among the continuous variables.Discussion: Procedures using aPDT have been developed for the treatment of dental caries, but, there are few controlled clinical trials in the literature confirming its efficacy.Trial registration: This protocol is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the number NCT05236205 and it was first posted on 01/21/2022 and last updated on 05/10/2022, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05236205?term=NCT05236205&draw=2&rank=1.