bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A green TLC densitometric method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate along with three official impurities
Authors: Kelani Khadiga M. , Hegazy Maha A. , Hassan Amal M. , Tantawy Mahmoud A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractImpurity profiling of a pharmaceutical compound is now taking great attention during quality assessment of pharmaceuticals, as presence of small amount of impurities may affect safety and efficacy. In this work, a novel TLC chromatographic method coupled with densitometric detection was established for the simultaneous quantification of naphazoline HCl, pheniramine maleate and three of their official impurities, namely; naphazoline impurity B, pheniramine impurities; A & B. Chromatographic separation was carried out on TLC aluminum silica plates F254, as a stationary phase, using methanol: ethyl acetate: 33.0% ammonia (2.0: 8.0: 1.0, by volume), as a mobile phase. Plates were examined at 260.0 nm and International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines were followed for method’s validation. Important factors, such as; composition of mobile phase and detection wavelengths were optimized. Linearity was achieved over the ranges of 2.0–50.0 µg band−1for naphazoline, 10.0–110.0 µg band−1for pheniramine, 0.1–10.0 µg band−1for naphazoline impurity B and 2.0–50.0 µg band−1for both pheniramine impurities. The proposed method was assessed in terms of accuracy, precision and robustness where satisfactory results (recovery % ≈ 100% and RSD < 2) were obtained. The method was also applied for the simultaneous determination of naphazoline HCl and pheniramine maleate, in Naphcon-A®eye drops, with respective recoveries of 101.36% and 100.94%. Method greenness was evaluated and compared to the reported HPLC one via environmental, health and safety tool. The developed method has much potential over the reported one of being simple, selective, economic and time saving for the analysis of the five cited compounds.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of human platelet lysate for mesenchymal stem cell cultures: comparison with fetal bovine serum and considerations on the production protocol
Authors: Palombella Silvia , Perucca Orfei Carlotta , Castellini Greta , Gianola Silvia , Lopa Silvia , Mastrogiacomo Maddalena , Moretti Matteo , de Girolamo Laura 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culturing for cell therapies needs a step forward to be routinely used in clinical settings. Main concerns regard the use of animal origin reagents, in particular supplementing the culture medium with FBS. Lately, Human Platelet Lysate (HPL) has been proposed as animal-free alternative, described as an excellent supplement for culturing MSCs. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the current literature on the effect of HPL and FBS on ASCs and BMSCs. The primary outcome was the proliferation rate of cells cultured with FBS and HPL. Differences in terms of doubling time (DT) and population doubling (PD) were evaluated by meta-analysis, subgrouping data according to the cell type. A total of 35 articles were included. BMSCs and ASCs were used in 65.7% (23) and 28.6% (10) studies, respectively. Only two studies included both cell types. Overall, 22 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. Among them, 9 articles described ASCs and 13 BMSCs. The results showed that BMSCs and ASCs cultured with 10% HPL and 5% HPL have lower DT and higher PD compared to cells cultured with 10% FBS. A possible correlation between the DT decrease and the application of at least 3 freeze/thaw cycles to induce platelet lysis was found. Additionally, HPL increased VEGF secretion and maintained the immuno-modulatory abilities for both cell types. The clarification reported here of the higher efficiency of HPL compared to FBS can help the transition of the scientific community towards clinical-related procedures.
Graphical Abstract
1. The meta-analysis shows that HPL induces a population doubling increase and a doubling time decrease of both ASCs and BMSCs compared to FBS. 2. When at least 3 freeze/thaw cycles are applied to induce platelet lysis, the doubling time of HPL-cultured cells is lower than FBS-cultured cells (Created with BioRender.com).
Potential effect of amniotic fluid-derived stem cells on hyperoxia-induced pulmonary alveolar injury
Authors: Solaiman Amany , Mehanna Radwa A. , Meheissen Ghada A. , Elatrebi Soha , Said Rasha , Elsokkary Nahed H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWith the widespread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic, in spite of the newly emerging vaccines, mutated strains remain a great obstacle to supportive and preventive measures. Coronavirus 19 survivors continue to face great danger of contacting the disease again. As long as no specific treatment has yet to be approved, a great percentage of patients experience real complications, including among others, lung fibrosis. High oxygen inhalation especially for prolonged periods is per se destructive to the lungs. Nevertheless, oxygen remains the first line support for such patients. In the present study we aimed at investigating the role of amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells in preventing versus treating the hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis in rats.MethodsThe study was conducted on adult albino rats; 5 pregnant female rats were used as amniotic fluid donors, and 64 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: Control group; where 10 rats were kept in normal atmospheric air then sacrificed after 2 months, and hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis group, where 54 rats were exposed to hyperoxia (100% oxygen for 6 h/day) in air-tight glass chambers for 1 month, then randomly divided into the following 5 subgroups: Hyperoxia group, cell-free media-treated group, stem cells-prophylactic group, stem cells-treated group and untreated group. Isolation, culture and proliferation of stem cells were done till passage 3. Pulmonary function tests, histological examination of lung tissue under light and electron microscopes, biochemical assessment of oxidative stress, IL-6 and Rho-A levels, and statistical analysis of data were performed. F-test (ANOVA) was used for normally distributed quantitative variables, to compare between more than two groups, and Post Hoc test (Tukey) for pairwise comparisons.ResultsLabelled amniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells homed to lung tissue. Stem cells administration in the stem cells-prophylactic group succeeded to maintain pulmonary functions near the normal values with no significant difference between their values and those of the control group. Moreover, histological examination of lung tissues showed that stem cells-prophylactic group were completely protected while stem cells-treated group still showed various degrees of tissue injury, namely; thickened interalveolar septa, atelectasis and interstitial pneumonia. Biochemical studies after stem cells injection also showed decreased levels of RhoA and IL-6 in the prophylactic group and to a lesser extent in the treated group, in addition to increased total antioxidant capacity and decreased malondialdehyde in the stem cells-injected groups.ConclusionsAmniotic fluid-mesenchymal stem cells showed promising protective and therapeutic results against hyperoxia-induced lung fibrosis as evaluated physiologically, histologically and biochemically.
An unambiguous cloudiness index for nonwovens
Authors: Godehardt Michael , Moghiseh Ali , Oetjen Christine , Ohser Joachim , Schladitz Katja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCloudiness or formation is a concept routinely used in industry to address deviations from homogeneity in nonwovens and papers. Measuring a cloudiness index based on image data is a common task in industrial quality assurance. The two most popular ways of quantifying cloudiness are based on power spectrum or correlation function on the one hand or the Laplacian pyramid on the other hand. Here, we recall the mathematical basis of the first approach comprehensively, derive a cloudiness index, and demonstrate its practical estimation. We prove that the Laplacian pyramid as well as other quantities characterizing cloudiness like the range of interaction and the intensity of small-angle scattering are very closely related to the power spectrum. Finally, we show that the power spectrum can be measured easily by image analysis methods and carries more information than the alternatives.
Clinical utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in patients with pulmonary artery sarcoma
Authors: Ren Jingyun , Li Huiting , Zhang Qing , Liu Entao , Zeng Baozhen , Huang Yan , Wang Lan , Jiang Lei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary artery sarcoma (PAS) is a rare and fatal malignancy. Due to the lack of specific clinical and radiological features, PAS is always misdiagnosed as pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). This study aimed to investigate 18F-FDG PET/CT in distinguishing PAS from PTE, and analyze its correlation with clinical and radiological findings and outcome of PAS.

Methods
Clinical, contrast-enhanced CT, and 18F-FDG PET/CT characteristics of 14 patients with PAS and 33 patients with PTE were retrospectively reviewed. The correlation between PET/CT metabolic parameters vs. clinical and CT findings was investigated in patients with PAS. The overall survival (OS) was analyzed in PAS patients.

Results
The SUVmax of PAS (median: 8.0, range 3.0–17.2) was significantly higher than PTE (1.8[0.8–3.7]) (P < 0.001), and at a cutoff value of 2.9, the sensitivity and specificity were 100.0% and 93.9%, respectively. Compared with PTE, PAS more frequently occurred in younger population (P = 0.011), involved pulmonary trunk (P < 0.001), and displayed higher enhanced CT (P < 0.001) and ΔCT (enhanced CT compared to non-enhanced CT) (P < 0.001) values. SUVmax of PAS was associated with tumor staging (P = 0.022) and enhanced CT (P = 0.013) and ΔCT (P = 0.005) values. The median OS of PAS patients was 10.5 months, and 12-month and 24-month OS rates were 58.0% and 12.0%, respectively. Only D-dimer level (P = 0.038) and tumor staging (P = 0.019) were associated with OS.

Conclusions
Most PAS displayed high glucometabolism, and SUVmax of 18F-FDG PET/CT was useful in distinguishing PAS from PTE.
p52 signaling promotes cellular senescence
Authors: Bernal Giovanna M. , Wu Longtao , Voce David J. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Yamini Bakhtiar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Nuclear factor-κB is a multi-subunit transcription factor that plays a central role in cellular senescence. We previously reported that an increase in the p52 subunit is seen in senescent cells and aged tissue. In the current work, we examined the mechanism by which p52 is activated and whether the increase in p52 promotes senescence.

Results
Using both primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and WI-38 human lung fibroblasts, we examined cells after serial passage and following prolonged culture. An increase in p52 was found in the nucleus relative to pre-senescent cells. The increase in p52 protein was not reflected by an increase in NFKB2 mRNA or by an increase in the abundance of upstream activating kinases, IKKα and NIK. To examine whether p52 promotes senescence, we over-expressed mature p52 in primary MEFs. Significantly more senescence was seen compared to control, a finding not seen with p52 mutated at critical DNA binding residues. In addition, blocking p52 nuclear translocation with the peptide inhibitor, SN52, decreased β-galactosidase (β-gal) formation. Subsequent filtration studies demonstrated that proteins in conditioned media (CM) were necessary for the increase in p52 and mass spectrometry identified S100A4 and cyclophilin A (CYPA) as potential factors in CM necessary for induction of p52. The requirement of these proteins in CM for induction of p52 was confirmed using depletion and supplementation studies. In addition, we found that activation of STAT3 signaling was required for the increase in p52. Finally, genome wide ChIP-sequencing analysis confirmed that there is an increase in p52 chromatin enrichment with senescence and identified several downstream factors whose expression is regulated by increased p52 binding.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that p52 nuclear translocation is increased in senescent cells by factors in conditioned media and that mature p52 induces cellular senescence. The data are consistent with the prior observation that p52 is elevated in aged tissue and support the hypothesis that p52 contributes to organismal aging.
Intensive care unit to unit capacity transfers are associated with increased mortality: an observational cohort study on patient transfers in the Swedish Intensive Care Register
Authors: Parenmark Fredric , Walther Sten M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Transfers from one intensive care unit (ICU) to another ICU are associated with increased length of intensive care and hospital stay. Inter-hospital ICU transfers are carried out for three main reasons: clinical transfers, capacity transfers and repatriations. The aim of the study was to show that different ICU transfers differ in risk-adjusted mortality rate with repatriations having the least risk.

Results
Observational cohort study of adult patients transferred between Swedish ICUs during 3 years (2016–2018) with follow-up ending September 2019. Primary and secondary end-points were survival to 30 days and 180 days after discharge from the first ICU. Data from 75 ICUs in the Swedish Intensive Care Register, a nationwide intensive care register, were used for analysis (89% of all Swedish ICUs), covering local community hospitals, district general hospitals and tertiary care hospitals. We included adult patients (16 years or older) admitted to ICU and subsequently discharged by transfer to another ICU. Only the first admission was used. Exposure was discharge to any other ICU (ICU-to-ICU transfer), whether in the same or in another hospital. Transfers were grouped into three predefined categories: clinical transfer, capacity transfer, and repatriation. We identified 15,588 transfers among 112,860 admissions (14.8%) and analysed 11,176 after excluding 4112 repeat transfer of the same individual and 300 with missing risk adjustment. The majority were clinical transfers (62.7%), followed by repatriations (21.5%) and capacity transfers (15.8%). Unadjusted 30-day mortality was 25.0% among capacity transfers compared to 14.5% and 16.2% for clinical transfers and repatriations, respectively. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) for 30-day mortality were 1.25 (95% CI 1.06–1.49 p = 0.01) for capacity transfers and 1.17 (95% CI 1.02–1.36 p = 0.03) for clinical transfers using repatriation as reference. The differences remained 180 days post-discharge.

Conclusions
There was a large proportion of ICU-to-ICU transfers and an increased odds of dying for those transferred due to other reasons than repatriation.
Irregular Vector Turbo Codes with low complexity
Authors: Sholiyi Abiodun O. , O’Farrell Timothy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe term Block Turbo Code typically refers to the iterative decoding of a serially concatenated two-dimensional systematic block code. This paper introduces a Vector Turbo Code that is irregular but with code rates comparable to those of a Block Turbo Code (BTC) when the Bahl Cocke Jelinek Raviv algorithm is used. In BTC’s, the horizontal (or vertical) blocks are encoded first and the vertical (or horizontal) blocks second. The irregular Vector Turbo Code (iVTC) uses information bits that participate in varying numbers of trellis sections, which are organized into blocks that are encoded horizontally (or vertical) without vertical (or horizontal) encoding. The decoding requires only one soft-input soft-output decoder. In general, a reduction in complexity, in comparison to a BTC was achieved for the same very low probability of bit error ($$10^{-5}$$10-5). Performance in the AWGN channel shows that iVTC is capable of achieving a significant coding gain of 1.28dB for a 64QAM modulation scheme, at a bit error rate of$$10^{-5}$$10-5over its corresponding BTC. Simulation results also show that some of these codes perform within 0.49dB of capacity for binary transmission over an AWGN channel.
What evidence exists for temporal variability in Arctic terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity throughout the Holocene? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Martin Andrew C. , Assmann Jakob J. , Bradshaw Richard H. W. , Kuoppamaa Mari , Kuosmanen Niina I , Normand Signe , Speed James D. M. , Macias-Fauria Marc 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The Arctic tundra is subject to the greatest climate change-induced temperature rises of any biome. Both terrestrial and freshwater biota are responding to recent climate warming through variability in their distribution, abundance, and richness. However, uncertainty arises within models of future change when considering processes that operate over centennial timescales. A systematic evidence synthesis of centennial-scale variability in biodiversity does not currently exist for the Arctic biome. Here, we sought to address the primary research question: what evidence exists for temporal variability in Arctic terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity throughout the Holocene (11,650 years before present (yBP)—0yBP)?

Methods
Consultation with stakeholders informed key definitions, scoping and the appropriateness of the research question. The research question was structured using a PECO framework—Arctic biota (P), a timestamped year in the Holocene (E), another year in the Holocene (C), and the dimensions of biodiversity that have been measured (O)—to inform the search strategy. Search strings were benchmarked against a test list of 100 known sources to ensure a specific and comprehensive return of literature. Searches will occur across 13 bibliographic databases. The eligibility criteria specify that sources must: (a) use ‘proxy’ methods to measure biodiversity; (b) fall within the spatial extent of the contemporary Arctic tundra biome; and (c) consist of a time-series that overlaps with 11,650yBP to 0yBP (1950AD). Information coded from studies will include proxy-specific information to account for both temporal uncertainty (i.e., the characteristics of age-depth models and dating methods) and taxonomic uncertainty (i.e., the samples and processes used for taxonomic identification). We will assess temporal uncertainty within each source by determining the quality of dating methods and measures; this information will be used to harmonise dates onto the IntCal20 calibration curve and determine the available temporal resolution and extent of evidence through space. Key outputs of this systematic map will be: (1) a graph database containing the spatial–temporal properties of each study dataset with taxonomic harmonisation; and (2) a geographical map of the evidence base.
Propofol suppresses non-small cell lung cancer progression by modulating circ_0001727/miR-516b-5p/LRRC1 axis
Authors: Tan Ming , Zhang Xin , Xing Maohui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Propofol plays an anti-cancer role in diverse cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to study the function and underlying mechanism of propofol in NSCLC.

Methods
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays were used to detect cell proliferation. The expression of circ_0001727, microRNA-516b-5p (miR-516b-5p) and leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 1 (LRRC1) mRNA was tested via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell migration and invasion were assessed by transwell assay. Angiogenesis and cell apoptosis were determined by tube formation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot (WB) assay was performed to measure all protein levels. In vivo experiments were conducted via establishing mice xenograft model. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were carried out to verify the relationship between miR-516b-5p and circ_0001727 or LRRC1.

Results
Circ_0001727 was overexpressed in NSCLC, and propofol treatment reduced circ_0001727 level in NSCLC cells. Propofol could repress proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis while accelerated apoptosis of NSCLC cells, while these effects were augmented by circ_0001727 knockdown. Moreover, circ_0001727 depletion in combined with propofol also inhibited tumorigenesis in vivo. MiR-516b-5p was targeted by circ_0001727, and miR-516b-5p downregulation counteracted the suppressive influence of circ_0001727 deficiency on the malignant behaviors of NSCLC cells. LRRC1 was targeted by miR-516b-5p, and miR-516b-5p exerted its anti-tumor function in NSCLC cells by targeting LRRC1. Additionally, circ_0001727 regulated LRRC1 expression via sponging miR-516b-5p.

Conclusion
Propofol inhibited NSCLC progression by regulation of circ_0001727/miR-516b-5p/LRRC1 axis, which might offer an effective therapeutic target for NSCLC therapy.
Effects of caloric restriction on the gut microbiome are linked with immune senescence
Authors: Sbierski-Kind Julia , Grenkowitz Sophia , Schlickeiser Stephan , Sandforth Arvid , Friedrich Marie , Kunkel Désirée , Glauben Rainer , Brachs Sebastian , Mai Knut , Thürmer Andrea , Radonić Aleksandar , Drechsel Oliver , Turnbaugh Peter J. , Bisanz Jordan E. , Volk Hans-Dieter , Spranger Joachim , von Schwartzenberg Reiner Jumpertz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Caloric restriction can delay the development of metabolic diseases ranging from insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes and is linked to both changes in the composition and metabolic function of the gut microbiota and immunological consequences. However, the interaction between dietary intake, the microbiome, and the immune system remains poorly described.

Results
We transplanted the gut microbiota from an obese female before (AdLib) and after (CalRes) an 8-week very-low-calorie diet (800 kcal/day) into germ-free mice. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to evaluate taxa with differential abundance between the AdLib- and CalRes-microbiota recipients and single-cell multidimensional mass cytometry to define immune signatures in murine colon, liver, and spleen. Recipients of the CalRes sample exhibited overall higher alpha diversity and restructuring of the gut microbiota with decreased abundance of several microbial taxa (e.g., Clostridium ramosum, Hungatella hathewayi, Alistipi obesi). Transplantation of CalRes-microbiota into mice decreased their body fat accumulation and improved glucose tolerance compared to AdLib-microbiota recipients. Finally, the CalRes-associated microbiota reduced the levels of intestinal effector memory CD8+ T cells, intestinal memory B cells, and hepatic effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Conclusion
Caloric restriction shapes the gut microbiome which can improve metabolic health and may induce a shift towards the naïve T and B cell compartment and, thus, delay immune senescence. Understanding the role of the gut microbiome as mediator of beneficial effects of low calorie diets on inflammation and metabolism may enhance the development of new therapeutic treatment options for metabolic diseases.

Trial registration
NCT01105143, “Effects of negative energy balance on muscle mass regulation,” registered 16 April 2010.