bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of carpal fractures and risk factors for recurrent fractures after arthroscopic removal of carpal chip fracture fragments in Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: Mita Hiroshi , Tamura Norihisa , Fukuda Kentaro , Kuroda Taisuke , Kuwano Atsutoshi , Sato Fumio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate the recent incidence of carpal fractures and the risk factors for recurrent ipsilateral fractures after arthroscopic removal of clinically active unilateral carpal chip fracture fragments in Thoroughbred racehorses.MethodsThe findings for horses managed under the Japan Racing Association that developed carpal bone fractures between 2014 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The proportion of cases that developed a recurrent carpal fracture in the originally affected joint was calculated, and the risk factors for recurrent fractures were analysed.ResultsIn total, 2858 carpal fractures were recorded in the study period (incidence, 0.8%). Of the 554 horses that resumed racing after the treatment of the unilateral major carpal chip fracture, 144 had a recurrent fracture (26.0%). Chip fractures of the third carpal bone (odds ratio [OR]: 3.7) or a combination of the distal end of the radius and intermediate carpal bone (OR: 3.0) were associated with a significantly higher risk of recurrent fractures than the distal aspect of the radial carpal bone.ConclusionsThe incidence of carpal fractures remained similar to that reported in Japan in the 1990s. The rate of recurrent ipsilateral fractures differed among lesion sites.
Digital opportunities to connect and complain – the use of Facebook in small animal practice
Authors: Springer Svenja , Lund Thomas Bøker , Sandøe Peter , Corr Sandra A. , Kristensen Annemarie T. , Grimm Herwig 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial media is increasingly used in small animal practice, enabling veterinarians to connect with clients and promote their business online. It can also be used by clients to quickly distribute complaints via online communities.Material/methodsUsing a questionnaire study we investigated Austrian, Danish and UK veterinarians’ attitudes towards Facebook, the contents of clients’ online complaints and how they were handled by veterinarians (N = 648).ResultsIn Denmark and the UK, around 90% of practices had a Facebook page, in contrast to 40% of Austrian practices. Most Danish and UK veterinarians agreed that the use of Facebook was relevant and expected by clients. Agreement was lower among Austrian veterinarians, probably reflecting the lower uptake of social media there. In particular, younger veterinarians and those who actively used Facebook for the practice, could see benefits. In all three countries, we found that clients most frequently complained about treatment costs. Most veterinarians preferred to actively deal with clients’ complaints, either replying online or discussing them directly.ConclusionsWe recommend future research focusing on veterinarians’ personal use of social media and on clients’ use of and attitudes towards social media in the veterinary context.
Einleitung
Authors: Neumair Phillip Alexander 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der vorliegenden Studie werden die Ausdrücke Flüchtling, Geflüchtete_r und Migrant_in diskurssemantisch untersucht. Wie im Verlauf dieser Arbeit gezeigt wird, werden diese Bezeichnungen seit Mitte der 2010er Jahre in der öffentlich-politischen Sprache zunehmend alternierend gebraucht. Zweck der Arbeit ist, Wissen, das sich im Gebrauch der Ausdrücke zeigt, herauszuarbeiten, um so empirisch valide Aussagen hinsichtlich der semantischen Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten der Ausdrücke zu generieren. Die semantische Analyse des Sprachgebrauchs geht dabei entschieden über die Wort- und Satzgrenzen hinaus und untersucht die Ausdrücke in ihrer kontextuellen (situativen) und kotextuellen (sprachlichen) Einbettung.
Numerical simulation of the mold filling process and its experimental validation
Authors: Baum Markus , Jasser Fabian , Stricker Michael , Anders Denis , Lake Simone 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study deals with the simulation of the filling process in injection molding using Ansys CFX and its experimental validation. For this purpose, the filling process of an exemplary mold is investigated numerically as well as experimentally at different time steps. For the numerical investigation, a suitable model is elaborated in Ansys CFX, which enables such a comparison. In particular, the representation of a suitable viscosity model for polymers is not common in Ansys CFX. Therefore, the Carreau-WLF viscosity model is adapted for the considered polymer Schulamind 66 SK 1000 and integrated into Ansys CFX. The contribution focuses on the comparison of the numerically calculated flow front contour and the respective filling levels of the melt from experiments. Furthermore, a detailed numerical analysis of temperature and viscosity profiles is included in order to illustrate the effect of shear-induced temperature changes and the interplay between the temperature field and the viscosity of the injected polymer. In conclusion, the numerical model nicely fits the experimental results despite some slight deviations in the early filling stages.
An algebraic approach to revealed preference
Authors: Freer Mikhail , Martinelli César 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose and develop an algebraic approach to revealed preference. Our approach dispenses with non-algebraic structure, such as topological assumptions. We provide algebraic axioms of revealed preference that subsume previous classical revealed preference axioms and show that a data set is rationalizable if and only if it is consistent with an algebraic axiom.
Starting a spine surgery service in a low-resource setting: a look back over twenty five years of spine surgery in Malawi
Authors: Lavy Chris , Mkandawire Nyengo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This is a short historical narrative of the development of spine surgery in Malawi.

Methods
The authors communicated and both drew on memories and anecdotes over the last 25 years.

Results
This is not a scientific paper, so there are no results.

Conclusion
The short paper outlines the development of spine surgery in Malawi over the last 25 years. This develops in association with the overall increase in the number of surgeons in the country.
Morbidity and mortality in adults with congenital heart defects in the third and fourth life decade
Authors: Müller Matthias J. , Norozi Kambiz , Caroline Jonas , Sedlak Nicole , Bock Jonas , Paul Thomas , Geyer Siegfried , Dellas Claudia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The population of adults with congenital heart defects (ACHD) is continuously growing. Data on morbidity and mortality of ACHD are limited. This longitudinal observational study examined a group of ACHD with surgically corrected or palliated congenital heart defects (CHD) during a 15-year period.

Methods
ACHD that had participated in the initial study were invited for a follow-up examination. Mortality and hospitalization data were compared with a healthy control group.

Results
From 05/2017 to 04/2019 a total of 249/364 (68%) ACHD participated in the follow-up study: 21% had mild, 60% moderate and 19% severe CHD. During the observational period, 290 health incidents occurred (cardiac catheterization 37%, cardiovascular surgery 27%, electrophysiological study/ablation 20%, catheter interventional treatment 14%, non-cardiac surgery 3%). Events were more frequent in ACHD with moderate (53%) and severe (87%) compared to those with mild CHD (p < 0.001). 24 individuals died at a median age of 43 years during the observation period. 29% of them had moderate and 71% severe CHD corresponding to a mortality rate of 0%, 0.29% and 1.68% per patient-year in ACHD with mild, moderate and severe CHD. Long-term survival was significantly reduced in patients with severe CHD in comparison to individuals with mild and moderate CHD (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
After correction or palliation of CHD, there was remarkable ongoing morbidity and mortality in ACHD patients over the 15-year observation period, particularly in individuals with moderate and severe CHD when compared with the general population. Thus, life-long special care is required for all surgically corrected or palliated ACHD patients.

Graphical abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid and venous biomarkers of shunt-responsive idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Thavarajasingam Santhosh G. , El-Khatib Mahmoud , Vemulapalli Kalyan V. , Iradukunda Hector A. Sinzinkayo , Laleye Joshua , Russo Salvatore , Eichhorn Christian , Eide Per K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurodegenerative disease and dementia subtype involving disturbed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homeostasis. Patients with iNPH may improve clinically following CSF diversion through shunt surgery, but it remains a challenge to predict which patients respond to shunting. It has been proposed that CSF and blood biomarkers may be used to predict shunt response in iNPH.

Objective
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify which CSF and venous biomarkers predict shunt-responsive iNPH most accurately.

Methods
Original studies that investigate the use of CSF and venous biomarkers to predict shunt response were searched using the following databases: Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and JSTOR. Included studies were assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, and eligible studies were evaluated utilising univariate meta-analyses.

Results
The study included 13 studies; seven addressed lumbar CSF levels of amyloid-β 1–42, nine studies CSF levels of Total-Tau, six studies CSF levels of Phosphorylated-Tau, and seven studies miscellaneous biomarkers, proteomics, and genotyping. A meta-analysis of six eligible studies conducted for amyloid-β 1–42, Total-Tau, and Phosphorylated-Tau demonstrated significantly increased lumbar CSF Phosphorylated-Tau (− 0.55 SMD, p = 0.04) and Total-Tau (− 0.50 SMD, p = 0.02) in shunt-non-responsive iNPH, though no differences were seen between shunt responders and non-responders for amyloid-β 1–42 (− 0.26 SMD, p = 0.55) or the other included biomarkers.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis found that lumbar CSF levels of Phosphorylated-Tau and Total-Tau are significantly increased in shunt non-responsive iNPH compared to shunt-responsive iNPH. The other biomarkers, including amyloid-β 1–42, did not significantly differentiate shunt-responsive from shunt-non-responsive iNPH. More studies on the Tau proteins examining sensitivity and specificity at different cut-off levels are needed for a robust analysis of the diagnostic efficiency of the Tau proteins.
Liquefied sites of the 2012 Emilia earthquake: a comprehensive database of the geological and geotechnical features (Quaternary alluvial Po plain, Italy)
Authors: Minarelli L. , Amoroso S. , Civico R. , De Martini P. M. , Lugli S. , Martelli L. , Molisso F. , Rollins K. M. , Salocchi A. , Stefani M. , Cultrera G. , Milana G. , Fontana D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive geological and geotechnical study of the whole area affected by liquefaction following the 2012 Emilia earthquakes, including all the available information from the field reconnaissance surveys, in situ tests, and laboratory analyses. The compilation was performed at 120 liquefied sites to verify and validate the reliability of liquefaction charts in alluvial sediments, and to assess liquefaction induced by the 2012 seismic sequence in the Emilia plain. The results reveal a wide range of grain sizes (from clean sands to sandy silts) and compositional characteristics (quartz-rich to litharenitic) in the 2012 ejecta, and show a strong relationship between the liquefaction and stratigraphic architecture of the subsurface. The availability of in situ tests at the liquefied sites makes it possible to verify and validate the reliability of the liquefaction charts in alluvial sediments with respect to the real observations. For the analyzed Emilia case studies, the use of non-liquefiable crust provides better estimations of the liquefaction manifestations when coupled with the thickness of the liquefiable layer rather than with the liquefaction potential index. Altogether, this work makes available to the international scientific community a consistent liquefaction database for in-depth earthquake studies.
A facile scalable conductive graphene-coated Calotropis gigantea yarn
Authors: Zhang Junze , Liu Jing , Zhao Zeyu , Huang Di , Chen Chao , Zheng Zhaozhu , Fu Chenxi , Wang Xiaoqin , Ma Yanxue , Li Yuling , Liu Zekun , Li Yi , Li Gang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGraphene-functionalized fibers have attracted substantial attention due to their potential applications in flexible wearable electronics. However, these conventional conductive materials face difficulties in mass production, which limits their large-scale fabrication. In this paper, we report a graphene-coated Calotropis gigantea yarn by pad dyeing with graphene oxide and a reduction process, which endows it with high conductivity, outstanding conducting stability, and scale production capacity. By optimizing the dyeing parameters, the modified yarns display a high electrical conductivity of 6.9 S/m. Range analysis results indicate that the electrical conductivity of the graphene-coated yarns exhibits a strong dependence on the concentration of graphene oxide and pad dyeing cycles. The hydrogen bonding between the fiber and graphene during the dyeing process renders the functionalized yarns stable conductivity to washing and bending. Based on the simple fabrication process and fascinating performance, the graphene-coated yarn show great potential in facile scale production of conductive yarns.
Desiccation risk favours prevalence and diversity of tardigrade communities and influences their trophic structure in alpine ephemeral rock pools
Authors: Vecchi Matteo , Ferrari Claudio , Stec Daniel , Calhim Sara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRock pools are ephemeral freshwater habitats characterized by their small size, well-defined boundaries, and periodic desiccation, making them ideal model systems to answer numerous ecological questions. Although there are numerous studies on rock pool fauna around the world, tardigrades have only rarely been recorded. We conducted the first tardigrade-focused study on rock pools by quantitatively extracting and classifying them from rock pools in the Italian Apennines. Rock pools were divided into three types, based on maximum duration of their inundation period. Following the patterns usually observed with rock pool invertebrates, we tested the hypothesis that desiccation has a negative effect on prevalence, abundance, and diversity of tardigrades, and thus could alter the trophic structure of their communities. In contrast to what is commonly found for other animal groups in the same type of habitat, we found that tardigrades were more diverse and prevalent in shallower, more desiccation prone, rock pools. Moreover, the trophic structure of tardigrade communities was different among the different pool types. Lastly, we also provide DNA barcodes of the most commonly found taxa. Ultimately, our study demonstrates that tardigrade communities in rock pools provide a valuable model system for the study of abiotic factors influencing meiofauna communities.
Characterization of iron oxide waste scales obtained by rolling mill steel industry
Authors: Kargin J. , Valladares L. De Los Santos , Borja-Castro L. E. , Xize Jiang , Mukhambetov D. G. , Konyukhov Y. V. , Moreno N. O. , Dominguez A. G. Bustamante , Barnes C. H. W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEvery year, the steelmaking industry produces millions of tons of slags resulting in pollution to the environment. Among the waste, secondary metals and scales rich in iron oxides are also thrown away. There is a need to treat the steel waste in a reasonably way to protect the environment and proposing new cheap technologies for producing advanced materials. In this study we report the morphological and structural characterization of waste scales generated during roll milling steel process at JSC “Arcelor Mittal Temirtau”. The raw slag and annealed at 1000 °C were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy adapted with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM- EDX), magnetometry and Mössbauer Spectroscopy (MS). Fe and O were detected by EDX as main chemical elements and Si, S, Ca, Mg, C and Al as minimal elemental composition. XDR for the raw sample revealed α-Fe2O3 (hematite) and Fe3O4 (magnetite) as principal and secondary phase, respectively; whereas monophasic α-Fe2O3 is detected for the scales annealed at 1000 °C. Magnetometry measurements show the Verwey transition for the raw sample and the Morin transition for the annealed at 1000 °C; those are fingerprints for the presence of magnetite and hematite, respectively. MS measurements for the raw sample consist of 6 small peaks of absorption and a broad two-lines absorption peak in the central part. The doublets are associated to the hyperfine parameters belonging to wustite. Magnetite is related to the hyperfine parameters for two sextets in octahedral Fe2.5+ and tetrahedral Fe3+sites and a small sextet that resembles the Mössbauer parameters of α-Fe2O3. Only a well crystallized and weakly ferromagnetic sextet confirm the presence of α-Fe2O3 phase for the sample annealed at 1000 °C due to thermal oxidation.
Cervical Cancer Screening by Refugee Category in a Refugee Health Primary Care Clinic in Calgary, Canada, 2011–2016
Authors: Whalen-Browne Molly , Talavlikar Rachel , Brown Garielle , McBrien Kerry , Wiedmeyer Mei-ling , Norrie Eric , Fabreau Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNewly arrived refugees and refugee claimants experience low cervical cancer screening (CCS) rates in Canada. We investigated CCS at a dedicated refugee clinic. We completed a retrospective cohort study among patients at the Mosaic Refugee Health Clinic in Calgary, Canada, between 2011 and 2016. We investigated CCS offers and completion by refugee category. We then used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the association of CCS screening and refugee category, accounting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. We included 812 refugees. Most were married (71%) and had limited English proficiency (57%). Overall, 88% and 77% of patients were offered and completed screening, respectively. Compared to government assisted refugees, privately sponsored refugees completed CCS more often (OR 1.60, 95% CI [1.02–2.49]). A dedicated refugee clinic may provide effective CCS to newly arrived refugees irrespective of refugee category, insurance status or other barriers.
Low-CP-Rank Tensor Completion via Practical Regularization
Authors: Jiang Jiahua , Sanogo Fatoumata , Navasca Carmeliza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDimension reduction is analytical methods for reconstructing high-order tensors that the intrinsic rank of these tensor data is relatively much smaller than the dimension of the ambient measurement space. Typically, this is the case for most real world datasets in signals, images and machine learning. The CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP, aka Canonical Polyadic) tensor completion is a widely used approach to find a low-rank approximation for a given tensor. In the tensor model (Sanogo and Navasca in 2018 52nd Asilomar conference on signals, systems, and computers, pp 845–849,10.1109/ACSSC.2018.8645405, 2018), a sparse regularization minimization problem via$$\ell _1$$ℓ1norm was formulated with an appropriate choice of the regularization parameter. The choice of the regularization parameter is important in the approximation accuracy. Due to the emergence of the massive data, one is faced with an onerous computational burden for computing the regularization parameter via classical approaches (Gazzola and Sabaté Landman in GAMM-Mitteilungen 43:e202000017, 2020) such as the weighted generalized cross validation (WGCV) (Chung et al. in Electr Trans Numer Anal 28:2008, 2008), the unbiased predictive risk estimator (Stein in Ann Stat 9:1135–1151, 1981; Vogel in Computational methods for inverse problems, 2002), and the discrepancy principle (Morozov in Doklady Akademii Nauk, Russian Academy of Sciences, pp 510–512, 1966). In order to improve the efficiency of choosing the regularization parameter and leverage the accuracy of the CP tensor, we propose a new algorithm for tensor completion by embedding the flexible hybrid method (Gazzola in Flexible krylov methods for lp regularization) into the framework of the CP tensor. The main benefits of this method include incorporating the regularization automatically and efficiently as well as improving accuracy in the reconstruction and algorithmic robustness. Numerical examples from image reconstruction and model order reduction demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.
Production and characterization of porous magnetic biochar: before and after phosphate adsorption insights
Authors: Tomin Oleksii , Yazdani Maryam Roza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe modification process of biochars enables different advantages including enhanced adsorption properties for different pollutants. Herein, porous magnetic biochars (PMB) were successfully produced from softwood biomass through a two-step pyrolysis process together with FeCl3 modification. The effect of production temperature on adsorption was studied at 200 or 300 °C, followed by iron salt modification and subsequent pyrolysis at 600 or 800 °C. Biochars were characterized before and after phosphate adsorption via various characterization methods to acquire structural, elemental, and morphological properties of the adsorbent. The effects of phosphate concentration, contact time, and temperature on the adsorption process were examined in the batch mode. The characterization showed embedded iron oxide crystals of 23 nm within the biochar structure with a magnetic strength of 38.9 emu/g, which can assist the separation process of the powdered adsorbent from the aqueous medium. The surface area of the PMB was measured as 93 m2/g and 0.002 cm3/g pore volume. PMB showed complete removal (100%) of phosphate at the lower concentration (5 mg/l P). At higher concentration (25 mg/l P), the biochar prepared under 200/800 °C showed the highest removal (30%). The adsorption was enhanced with time (optimal 3 h) and temperature, which shows endothermic chemisorption following Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo-second order kinetic models. The desorption study suggested the slow release of phosphate from the spent adsorbent and potential reuse for soil enhancement. These results point towards the sustainable use of PMB as an effective and magnetically recyclable adsorbent for phosphate removal and reclaim.