bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PARK7 is induced to protect against endotoxic acute kidney injury by suppressing NF-κB
Authors: Li Honglin , Liu Zhiwen , Wang Ying , Wang Hui , Cai Juan , Tang Chengyuan , Dong Zheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sepsis is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and the pathogenesis of septic AKI remains largely unclear. Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7) is a protein of multiple functions that was recently implicated in septic AKI, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we determined the role of PARK7 in septic AKI and further explored the underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic models. PARK7 was induced both in vivo and in vitro following LPS treatment. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, Park7-deficient mice experienced aggravated kidney tissue damage and dysfunction, and enhanced tubular apoptosis and inflammation following LPS treatment. Consistently, LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in renal tubular cells in vitro were exacerbated by Park7 knockdown, whereas they were alleviated by PARK7 overexpression. Mechanistically, silencing Park7 facilitated nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of p65 (a key component of the nuclear factor kappa B [NF-κB] complex) during LPS treatment, whereas PARK7 overexpression partially prevented these changes. Moreover, we detected PARK7 interaction with p65 in the cytoplasm in renal tubular cells, which was enhanced by LPS treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that PARK7 is induced to protect against septic AKI through suppressing NF-κB signaling.
Clinically Applicable Sociolinguistic Assessment for Cognitive-Communication Disorders
Authors: Keegan Louise C. , Hoepner Jerry K. , Togher Leanne , Kennedy Mary 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
The third International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference was held in early 2022, providing an opportunity for researchers and clinicians to discuss management of cognitive-communication disorders (CCDs). Presentations that addressed social discourse initiated broader conversations about implementing sociolinguistic methods in research and clinical contexts. Given the heterogeneity of CCDs and sociocultural contexts, a person-centered approach is needed. Sociolinguistic methods are inherently relevant and salient to the individual's communication context and partners. Sociolinguistic analyses provide information about language skills, cognitive-communication skills, and social cognition. The purpose of this article is to share a model of social communication and provide descriptions of current methods that can be used by researchers and clinicians to capture the complexity of social communication, thereby advancing our knowledge and practice.

Conclusion:
Although there is a growing literature base that supports the inclusion of sociolinguistic methods, there remains a disconnect between the literature and clinical application that current researchers and practitioners have an opportunity to address.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21614268
Stacked encoder–decoder transformer with boundary smoothing for action segmentation
Authors: Kim Gyeong‐hyeon , Kim Eunwoo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, a new stacked encoder–decoder transformer (SEDT) model is proposed for action segmentation. SEDT is composed of a series of encoder–decoder modules, each of which consists of an encoder with self‐attention layers and a decoder with cross‐attention layers. By adding an encoder with self‐attention before every decoder, it preserves local information along with global information. The proposed encoder–decoder pair also prevents the accumulation of errors that occur when features are propagated through decoders. Moreover, the approach performs boundary smoothing in order to handle ambiguous action boundaries. Experimental results for two popular benchmark datasets, “GTEA” and “50 Salads”, show that the proposed model is more effective in performance than existing temporal convolutional network based models and the attention‐based model, ASFormer.
An adaptive multi‐mode switching control strategy to improve the stability of virtual synchronous generator with wide power grid strengths variation
Authors: Liu Zhaoxun , Qin Liang , Zhou Yiyuan , Lei Xiao , Huangfu Cheng , Yang Shiqi , Hong Yun , Liu Kaipei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the increasing proportion of renewable power generations in the power system, the power grid impedance may fluctuate greatly, and it is difficult for the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) with a single control structure to meet the stability requirements. Thus, the control principles of the two types of VSGs are compared to conclude that there are similarities in the control structure of the two VSGs. And the small signal models of the two types of VSGs are established to analyze the stability boundaries, coming to the conclusion that the stability region is complementary. Based on the conclusions, the paper puts forward the idea of switching operation modes: switch to the U‐VSG mode when the grid strength weakens and switch to the PQ‐VSG mode when greater, so that the inverter can keep stable in a wider range of grid strength. Therefore, the characterization method of the switching boundary with hysteresis properties is proposed. Then the improved recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is introduced to identify the power grid impedance online without additional injected disturbance, based on which the adaptive multi‐mode smooth switching control strategy is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the analysis and the control strategy are verified by simulations.
Optimal planning strategy for EV charging stations considering travel demands based on non‐cooperative game theory
Authors: Zhu Yongsheng , Zhang Mingming , Dong Yan , Chang Qunfang , Chen Bin , Nie Caijing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an optimal planning strategy is proposed for EV charging stations by considering travel demand based on non‐cooperative game theory. In the proposed methodology, a realistic and stochastic charging demand distribution was obtained with the travel chain of an EV and the associated probability density function. Based on the charging demand of EV owners and a multi‐operator scenario, a two‐stage effective and practical charging station planning model was established. The first stage of the planning model optimized the location of charging stations to decrease the total deadhead mileage of the EVs with the cooperation of the charging station operators. In the second stage, the operators were committed to increasing their economic benefits by developing a charging station capacity strategy in the framework of the non‐cooperative game. Furthermore, the combination of an adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm (AMPSO) and approximate Nash equilibrium had a better effect in reducing the difficulty of solving the game model and obtaining an optimal planning strategy. Finally, the results of the case study demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for improving the charging experience of the EV owners and achieving a balance of benefits among multiple charging station operators.
Underwater image enhancement using a mixed generative adversarial network
Authors: Mu Delang , Li Heng , Liu Hui , Dong Ling , Zhang Guoyin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUnderwater images intuitively reflect the underwater environment information. However, underwater images have defects such as colour distortion and low contrast, which seriously affect the processing of complex underwater visual tasks. Here, a novel mixed model called mixed underwater image generative adversarial network (MUGAN) is presented, consisting of a generator and corresponding discriminator. The generator is built following the U‐shaped architecture, where a mixed block of convolution and self‐attention is developed. It effectively exploits the complementarity between the two paradigms. In addition, a dual discriminator is employed to induce the generator to produce realistic images at both the global semantic and local detail levels, which is only discriminates based on the patch‐level information. Meanwhile, a multi‐term loss function is formulated to supervise adversarial training by evaluating the perceptual quality of an image based on its global content, local texture and illumination smoothness. To validate the proposed approach, extensive experiments are conducted on the public underwater datasets. MUGAN achieves promising performance in terms of colour, contrast and naturalness, showing a significant improvement over other competitive models in visual quality and quantitative metrics.
Autonomous and collaborative trajectory planning for traffic complexity management
Authors: Zhou Yi , Hu Minghua , Yang Lei , Wang Yuchi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo accommodate growing air traffic demand, the traffic complexity management plays a crucial role in the capacity improvement of future automated air traffic management. In this paper, an autonomous and collaborative trajectory planning (ACTP) method is presented to facilitate collaborative decision‐making and enhance flexibility of the traffic complexity management in the en route airspace. A nonlinear integer model is formulated for the conflict‐free autonomous trajectory planning by reorganizing the trajectories with the combination of speed adjustment, lateral rerouting and flight level allocation maneuvers. Within the framework of the air‐ground situation awareness sharing, the spatio‐temporal reachable space is defined to describe the feasible solution space under the constraints of aircraft performance and required time of arrival. In addition, both the system‐level and the individual‐level objectives, traffic complexity and flight efficiency, are considered in the model, which are measured through the metric based on linear dynamical systems and the deviation from the user‐preferred trajectory. To balance the optimality and computational efficiency in the multi‐aircraft trajectory planning, a multi‐aircraft clustered and collaborative optimization algorithm is proposed based on the hybrid distributed‐centralized control strategy. The experimental results of the scenario in Western China airspace is presented, which verify the effectiveness of the proposed ACTP method through the comparison of other methods. Furthermore, a multi‐criteria decision‐making problem is discussed to strike a better trade‐off between different objectives in the trajectory planning.
Design and analysis of robust backstepping controller for DC suppression of parallel UPS inverter system
Authors: He Guofeng , Zhou Zichun , Dong Yanfei , Li Guojiao , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHere, an improved control strategy is proposed, which adopts a non‐linear robust backstepping controller to eliminate DC circulating current in a parallel uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. The traditional active and reactive power sharing control can ideally suppress the AC circulating current, but cannot effectively restrict the DC circulating current. Based on the traditional active power and reactive power sharing control (TAPRPSC) of the parallel UPS system, the proposed control strategy is used in each parallel inverter module to suppress the DC component disturbance in the inverter output voltage, which varies within a certain range. Hence the desirable steady‐state and dynamic performance of the system can be obtained. Moreover, the Lyapunov method is utilized to ensure the stability and robustness of the system. A parallel system of two UPS inverters with the proposed control strategy is built by Matlab/Simulink, and further experiments are carried out on the semi‐physical simulation platform of the Modelling Tech. Both the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for DC circulating current suppression and ideal output voltage tracking.
Cannibals in the thick disk
Authors: Jofré P. , Jorissen A. , Aguilera-Gómez C. , Van Eck S. , Tayar J. , Pinsonneault M. , Zinn J. , Goriely S. , Van Winckel H. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Determining ages of stars for reconstructing the history of the Milky Way remains one of the most difficult tasks in astrophysics. This involves knowing when it is possible to relate the stellar mass with its age and when it is not. The young α-rich (YAR) stars present such a case in which we are still not sure about their ages because they are relatively massive, implying young ages, but their abundances are α-enhanced, which implies old ages.
Aims. We report the results from new observations from a long-term radial-velocity-monitoring campaign complemented with high-resolution spectroscopy, as well as new astrometry and seismology of a sample of 41 red giants from the third version of APOKASC, which includes YAR stars. The aim is to better characterize the YAR stars in terms of binarity, mass, abundance trends, and kinematic properties.
Methods. The radial velocities of HERMES, APOGEE, and Gaia were combined to determine the binary fraction among YAR stars. In combination with their mass estimate, evolutionary status, chemical composition, and kinematic properties, it allowed us to better constrain the nature of these objects.
Results. We found that stars with M < 1 M⊙ were all single, whereas stars with M > 1 M⊙ could be either single or binary. This is in agreement with theoretical predictions of population synthesis models. Studying their [C/N], [C/Fe], and [N/Fe], trends with mass, it became clear that many YAR stars do not follow the APOKASC stars, favoring the scenario that most of them are the product of mass transfer. Our sample further includes two likely undermassive stars, that is to say of such as low mass that they cannot have reached the red clump within the age of the Universe, unless their low mass is the signature of mass loss in previous evolutionary phases. These stars do not show signatures of currently being binaries. Both YAR and undermassive stars might show some anomalous APOGEE abundances for the elements N, Na, P, K, and Cr; although, higher-resolution optical spectroscopy might be needed to confirm these findings.
Conclusions. Considering the significant fraction of stars that are formed in pairs and the variety of ways that makes mass transfer possible, the diversity in properties in terms of binarity, and chemistry of the YAR and undermassive stars studied here implies that most of these objects are likely not young.
The mixing of dust and gas in the high latitude translucent cloud MBM 40
Authors: Monaci Marco , Magnani Loris , Shore Steven N. 
Published: November 2022

Context. High latitude molecular clouds (hereafter HLMCs) permit the study of interstellar gas dynamics and astrochemistry with good accuracy due to their proximity, generally clear lines of sight, and lack of internal star-forming activity which can heavily modify the physical context. MBM 40, one of the nearest HLMCs, has been extensively studied, making it a superb target to infer and study the dust-to-gas mixing ratio (DGMR).
Aims. The mixing of dust and gas in the interstellar medium remains a fundamental issue to keep track of astrochemistry evolution and molecular abundances. Accounting for both molecular and atomic gas is difficult because H2 is not directly observable and H I spectra always show different dynamical profiles blended together which are not directly correlated with the cloud. We used two independent strategies to infer the molecular and atomic gas column densities and compute the dust-to-gas mixing ratio.
Methods. We combined H I 21 cm and 12CO line observations with the IRAS 100 μm image to infer the dust-to-gas mixing ratio within the cloud. The cloud 21 cm profile was extracted using a hybrid Gaussian decomposition where 12CO was used to deduce the total molecular hydrogen column density. Infrared images were used to calculate the dust emission.
Results. The dust-to-gas mixing ratio is nearly uniform within the cloud as outlined by the hairpin structure. The total hydrogen column density and 100 μm emissivity are linearly correlated over a range in N(Htot) of one order of magnitude.
The Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Smad Receptors in Determining Prognosis in High-Grade Primary Brain Tumors: Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Gürsoy Güven , Barutçuoğlu Mustafa , Sivrikoz Oya Nermin , Gökalp Sevtap , Vatansever Seda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction High-grade primary brain tumors cause serious morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) receptors in high-grade primary brain tumors.
Material and Method Thirteen patients with a pathological diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme were included in the study. Pathological preparations of each patient were analyzed retrospectively in histochemistry and immunohistochemistry laboratories. Transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, Smad 1/2/3, Smad 6, and Smad 7 stainings were evaluated, and the immunoreactivity densities were examined.
Result We found out an increase in the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 protein. Regarding the inhibitin receptors, Smad 6 showed much more expression than Smad 7. Thus, we found that Smad 6 has a protective effect and role in the tissue. Immunhistochemically, TGF-β family stains, which are activated by types I-and -II receptors, and the stainless staining of the Smad family might also be showing that the TGF-β family is taking action with a secondary pathway other than the Smad family.
Conclusion In addition to Smad family receptors, Shc-GBR2, SARA, and Ras-Erk1/2 receptors should be investigated in future research. After that, the prognosis, diagnosis, and patient-based chemotherapy strategies for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme may take a more prominent role.
Two years of nitrogen addition altered soil microbial community structure and function in a desert steppe of northern China
Authors: Lin Xiongkui , Wang Bo , Wu Xudong , Liu Jing , Zhang Zihao , Xiang Lingfei , Li Zhigang 
Published: November 2022

Context Although nitrogen (N) deposition application has resulted in excess N entering grassland ecosystems, our understanding of how short-term N enrichment affects soil microbial community in a desert steppe is incomplete. Aims This study assessed the effects of 2 years of N addition on structure and function of soil microbial community at the soil depth of 0–10 cm in a desert steppe. Methods Six addition rates of N (equivalent to 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 g N m−2 year−1) were applied in a desert steppe of northern China, and the 16S rRNA and ITS1 genes were sequenced for the prokaryotic and fungal communities, respectively. Key results N addition altered prokaryotic taxa composition, but not fungal taxa composition and α-diversities of prokaryotic and fungal communities. N shifted microbial β-diversities, and prokaryotic β-diversity was more sensitive than fungal β-diversity. Abundances of predicted prokaryotic functions decreased as N rates increased, whereas predicted fungal functions presented no obvious variations among N additions. Predicted enzyme activities related to N cycling in prokaryotes were similar to fungi, but variations of C and P cycling-related enzyme activities were opposite to fungi. Additionally, phylum abundance, α-diversity, and β-diversity of prokaryotes were more closely influenced by soil and plant properties than fungi. Conclusions Two years of N addition altered both microbial community structure and function, but the prokaryotic community responded more sensitive than the fungal community. Implications Topsoil should be considered when exploring the impact of short-term N addition on soil microbial community in the desert steppe.
Characteristics of surface plasmonic modes in cylindrical chiral-graphene-dielectric waveguide structure
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Li Junqing , Zhao Rui , Liu Xingguang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A cylindrical chiral-graphene-dielectric waveguide structure is proposed. Correspondingly, characteristics of surface plasmonic mode are theoretically investigated, including dispersion relation, intensity, phase and polarization distribution. The proposed waveguide can only support the vortex modes with the hybrid polarization distribution, which originates from the spin-momentum locking of evanescent electromagnetic waves. The circular birefringence of chiral materials releases the degeneracy between same-order vortex modes. In addition, the number of modes can be controlled by changing the radius of the dielectric nanowire and the Fermi level of graphene. The effective index and corresponding propagation length of the mode are sensitive to the chiral parameter. We believe the proposed waveguide can find some potential applications in multiplex communication, chiral sensing and the fabrication of tunable nano-photonic devices.
Surface plasmons in anisotropic 3D gapped topological insulators
Authors: Zhou Yu , Chen M N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Topological insulators (TIs) are materials having conductive surfaces but insulating bulk, which are ideal platforms for plasmonic applications. The most commonly known TIs, such as Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, are in fact highly anisotropic. The dielectric constants are largely different parallel and perpendicular to the surface. Here, we have extended the electromagnetic calculations of the surface plasmons in TIs to the anisotropic case. Magnetic field perpendicular to the surface is allowed, which opens a gap among the surface states. We model anisotropic TIs as bulk dielectric materials with different in-plane and out-of-plane permittivities; the surface states caused by the band inversion lead to a two-dimensional conductivity which supports surface plasmons. We have found two rather than one surface modes. Due to such anisotropy, quasi transverse electric (TE) polarized mode may occur near the interband transition threshold. Far below the transition frequency, another mode with both TE and transverse magnetic polarized components dominates, the dispersion relation of which is seriously modified by the Hall conductivity. By taking Bi2Te3 as an example, we have derived the conductivity tensor with the consideration of the hexagonal warping effect, and solved the above mentioned two surface plasmon modes. In the end, finite element method has been used to calculate the electric field distributions. Our extension of the electromagnetic calculations of surface plasmons including a specific kind of anisotropy might be useful in other surface conductive materials with similar symmetry as well.