bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling adaptive platoon and reservation‐based intersection control for connected and autonomous vehicles employing deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Li Duowei , Wu Jianping , Zhu Feng , Chen Tianyi , Wong Yiik Diew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs a cutting‐edge strategy to reduce travel delay and fuel consumption, platooning of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) at signal‐free intersections has become increasingly popular in academia. However, when determining optimal platoon size, few studies have attempted to comprehensively consider the relations between the size of a CAV platoon and traffic conditions around an intersection. To this end, this study develops an adaptive platoon‐based autonomous intersection control model, named INTEL‐PLT, which adopts deep reinforcement learning technique to realize the optimization of multiple dynamic objectives (e.g., efficiency, fairness, and energy saving). The framework of INTEL‐PLT has a two‐level structure: The first level employs a reservation‐based policy integrated with a nonconflicting lane selection mechanism to determine the lanes’ releasing priorities; and the second level uses a deep Q‐network algorithm to identify the optimal platoon size based on real‐time traffic conditions (e.g., traffic density, vehicle movement, etc.) of an intersection. The model is validated and examined on the simulator Simulation of Urban Mobility. It is found that the proposed model exhibits superior performances on both travel efficiency and fuel conservation as compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods in three typical traffic conditions. Moreover, several in‐depth insights learned from the simulations are provided in this paper, which could better explain the relation between platoon size and traffic condition.
Winds of change: How street‐level bureaucrats actively represent minority clients by influencing majority clients—The context of LGB Israeli teachers
Authors: Davidovitz Maayan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe literature dealing with representative bureaucracy emphasizes the role that minority street‐level bureaucrats may play when, directly and indirectly, they actively represent clients with whom they share a common identity. My study goes further, contributing to the implementation literature, by examining why and how these street‐level bureaucrats use their discretion to shape non‐minority clients' attitudes toward minorities. I explore this phenomenon empirically through interviews with 36 Israeli lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) teachers. I analyze the traditional methods they routinely adopt, such as exposing students to information about minorities, encouraging open discussions of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) issues in the classroom, and entrepreneurially developing and introducing innovative learning programs. I illustrate how they respond to ad hoc cases (e.g., protecting LGBTQ+ clients or taking advantage of outside events to promote understanding of relevant issues) and the approach of leading by example.
Food allergen introduction patterns in the first year of life: A US nationwide survey
Authors: Venter Carina , Warren Christopher , Samady Waheeda , Nimmagadda Sai R , Vincent Eileen , Zaslavsky Justin , Bilaver Lucy , Gupta Ruchi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevention guidelines have changed over the past decade and now recommend the earlier introduction of peanut and egg without delaying the introduction of other food allergens. This paper explored caregiver practices regarding the introduction of food allergens during infancy.MethodsA survey was administered (2021) to a US population‐based sample of 3062 caregivers (children 7 months – 3.5 years). Demographics and feeding practices were collected. Weighted frequencies and proportions were calculated using the svyr package in R 4.1. Survey‐weighted chi‐square statistics and covariate‐adjusted, survey‐weighted logistic regression models were used for statistical inference.ResultsCow's milk, wheat, and soy were the top three allergens introduced. Peanut and egg were introduced by 17.2% and 15.5% of caregivers before 7 months and 58.8% and 66.4% before 1 year, respectively. The age of peanut and egg introduction differed significantly by race/ethnicity (p < .001) and caregiver age (p < .001). Peanut and egg introduction before 7 months was significantly associated with the increased introduction of other allergenic foods before 1 year (p = <.001; peanut and p = < .001; egg). Caregivers who introduced peanut and egg before 7 months infant age fed an additional mean of 5.4 and 4.5 food allergens, respectively, before 1 year. Few caregivers (0.9%) reported feeding an “early food allergen introduction product” ≥ 3 times, which was significantly associated with parental food allergy (OR = 2.2) and previously seen an allergist (OR = 6.7).ConclusionMore than half of the caregivers are not introducing peanut by age of one year and one‐third are not introducing egg, though an observed shift toward earlier peanut and egg introduction was seen in the past 5 years. Peanut and egg introduction seem to co‐occur and are associated with increased intake of other food allergens.
Estimating the link between trade uncertainty, pandemic uncertainty and food price stability in Togo: New evidence for an asymmetric analysis
Authors: Sodji Kuamvi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobally, the outbreak of COVID‐19 and the associated containment measures adopted by governments are causing disruptions that sow uncertainty in several sectors of the economy. In this study, we explore the asymmetric impact of pandemic uncertainty and global trade policy on food prices in Togo. The study uses a nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) framework and causality tests for the period 2000 M1–2021 M5. The results show that the different types of uncertainty affect food price stability in the short and long run, but the shock is more pronounced in the case of pandemic uncertainty, as they are sudden and disrupt food price stability. The main findings remain significant when we use various alternative methods and estimation techniques. However, our results suggest that the Togolese food market is facing pandemic uncertainty and trade policy, which should lead policymakers and stakeholders to take corrective measures to control losses.
Viability of circle and sphere theorems in potential theory and hydrodynamics via Maxwell's conjecture
Authors: Alexander Jordan M. , Palaniappan D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInA Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, Maxwell determines the angles of intersection for which one may use Kelvin's inversion method to obtain the perturbed electric potential upon placing intersecting spherical conductors into a region with a known potential. There are numerous modern applications utilizing this geometric construction in potential theory and hydrodynamics, and generalized circle and sphere theorems play a foundational role in this area of mathematical physics. In his work, Maxwell gives an intuitive argument for obtaining the perturbed potential based on intersecting planar conductors and a spherical inversion, and in this paper we extend his ideas to a full proof using rotational transformations and reflections. In the process, we disprove results in [Proc Lond Math Soc., 1966:3(16)] and [Stud Appl Math., 2001:106(4);Z. Angew. Math. Mech., 2001:81(8)] on boundary value problems in hydrodynamics involving intersecting circles and spheres, and we detail the angles of intersection for which these theorems are viable. Moreover, our proof recovers a special case overlooked by Maxwell for which Kelvin's inversion method may be utilized to obtain full solutions.
The role of honour in interpersonal, intrapersonal and intergroup processes
Authors: Uskul Ayse K. , Cross Susan E. , Günsoy Ceren 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we review research in psychology and other related social science fields that has adopted an honor framework to examine intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup processes taking a culture‐comparative or individual differences approach. In the sections below, we will first review research on the role of honor in interpersonal processes focusing primarily on interpersonal aggression including in close relationships, non‐aggressive ways of responding to threats (e.g., forgiveness), and reciprocity. Next, we move onto reviewing research on the role of honor in intrapersonal processes, specifically in the domains of emotional responses to honor‐threatening situations, mental, and physical health. Finally, we review research emerging from social and political psychology and political science that have utilized the honor framework to understand and explain group processes and intergroup relations at different level of analyses (e.g., social groups, nations). Given the limited space, our goal was to emphasize major and emerging areas of research on honor and provide food for thought for future research.
The enactment of public participation in rulemaking: A comparative analysis
Authors: De Francesco Fabrizio , Tosun Jale 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes the enactment of public participation in rulemaking within the European Union and the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development countries. It relies on an original dataset of administrative procedural acts and administrative laws concerning the making of delegated legislation. As 12 out of 39 countries enacted a procedure of notification, publication, and consultation between 1995 and 2015, the study focuses on courts while controlling for other domestic institutional determinants of legislative adoption and countries’ interdependence. The empirical findings show that countries with a highly independent judiciary system are less likely to enact a comprehensive provision for public participation in rulemaking. This finding highlights a paradox, namely that political systems are more likely to adopt rulemaking to enhance democratic legitimacy if they are characterized by a judicial system that does not actively pursue the legality of rulemaking.
Clinical effectiveness and safety of intraarticular administration of a117mTin radiocolloid (Synovetin OATM) for treatment of early and intermediate grade osteoarthritis of the elbow in a dose finding study conducted in 44 dogs
Authors: Lattimer Jimmy , Fabiani Michelle , Gaschen Lori , Aulakh Karanvir , Selting Kimberly 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis of the elbow joint secondary to elbow dysplasia is common in dogs. Intraarticular radionuclide injection is thought to suppress both synovitis and inflammatory pain mediators in the joint which are not directly addressed by current treatments. This dose‐finding investigation was a longitudinal, prospective, experimental parallel group, post‐test study with repeated measures. Forty‐four dogs, with low to intermediate‐grade osteoarthritis, received a single injection into their most clinically affected elbow joint and were randomized into three treatment cohorts; 37 MBq, 64.75 MBq, or 92.5 MBq (normalized to the body surface area of a 22 kg dog) of117mSn radiocolloid. Dogs were assessed monthly by owners, using the canine Brief Pain Inventory (cBPI), and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months intervals by investigators. Positive responses to treatment were observed by both owners and clinicians in all dose groups with the medium dose group having the highest and most durable response rate based on cBPI scores. The results of this study support the use of117mSn radiocolloid as a primary treatment of osteoarthritis in low to intermediate‐grade osteoarthritis of the canine elbow.
Effects of an integrated mobile health lifestyle intervention among overweight and obese women planning for pregnancy in Singapore: protocol for the single-arm healthy early life moments in Singapore (HELMS) study
Authors: Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Ku Chee Wai , Loy See Ling , Godfrey Keith M , Fan Yiping , Chua Mei Chien , Yap Fabian 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionChanges in social and lifestyle factors have led to increasing rates of metabolic and mental health problems. We hypothesise that a transformation of the current maternal and child health system is required to deliver interventions that effectively promote a good start to life in populations at risk of metabolic and mental health problems. We describe a single-arm implementation study ‘Healthy Early Life Moments in Singapore’, which aims to examine whether an integrated lifestyle intervention initiated at preconception and continuing throughout pregnancy and postpartum periods can improve the metabolic and mental health of overweight and obese women, and improve early child growth.Methods and analysisThis single-centre implementation trial is conducted at KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore. The trial aims to recruit 500 women, aged 21–40 years with a body mass index of 25–40 kg/m2who plan to get pregnant, with interventions delivered before conception, until 18 months postdelivery. Primary outcomes comprise pregnancy rate, maternal metabolic and mental health status. Secondary outcomes include maternal reproductive health, pregnancy outcomes and offspring growth. The intervention will be delivered using a mobile health application, to provide anticipatory guidance, raise awareness and guide goal-setting on lifestyle behaviours that include diet, physical activity, mental wellness and sleep hygiene from preconception to postpartum. Women who conceive within 1 year of recruitment will be followed through pregnancy and studied with their infants at six-time points during the first 18 months of life. Questionnaires, anthropometric measurements and multiple biosamples will be collected at each visit.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Centralised Institutional Review Board of SingHealth (2021/2247). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated to national and international policy makers.Trial registration numberNCT05207059.
Closed-loop oxygen control for patients with hypoxaemia during hospitalisation: a living systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Mol Caroline Gomes , Vieira Aléxia Gabriela da Silva , Garcia Bianca Maria Schneider Pereira , Pereira Emanuel dos Santos , Eid Raquel Afonso Caserta , Pinto Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes , Nawa Ricardo Kenji 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionOxygen is the most common drug used in critical care patients to correct episodes of hypoxaemia. The adoption of new technologies in clinical practice, such as closed-loop systems for an automatic oxygen titration, may improve outcomes and reduce the healthcare professionals’ workload at the bedside; however, certainty of the evidence regarding the safety and benefits still remains low. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of the closed-loop oxygen control for patients with hypoxaemia during the hospitalisation period by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods and analysisMEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL and LOVE evidence databases will be searched. Randomised controlled trials and cross-over studies investigating the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome) framework will be included. The primary outcomes will be the time in the peripheral oxygen saturation target. Secondary outcomes will include time for oxygen weaning time; length of stay; costs; adverse events; mortality; healthcare professionals’ workload, and percentage of time with hypoxia and hyperoxia. Two reviewers will independently screen and extract data and perform quality assessment of included studies. The Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess risk of bias. The RevMan V.5.4 software will be used for statistical analysis. Heterogeneity will be analysed using I2statistics. Mean difference or standardised mean difference with 95% CI and p value will be used to calculate treatment effect for outcome variables.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required because this systematic review and meta-analysis is based on previously published data. Final results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences and events.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022306033.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on expectant and new parents’ experience of pregnancy, childbirth, breast feeding, parental responsiveness and sensitivity, and bonding and attunement in high-income countries: a systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Adesanya Adenike Motunrayo , Barrett Simon , Moffat Malcolm , Aquino Maria Raisa Jessica , Nicholson Wendy , Turner Gillian , Cook Emma , Tyndall Sarah , Rankin Judith 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo review the evidence on how pregnancy, birth experience, breast feeding, parental responsiveness and sensitivity, and bonding and attunement were impacted by COVID-19.MethodsWe searched eight literature databases and websites of relevant UK-based organisations. The review focused on evidence during pregnancy and the early years (0–5 years). Studies of any study design published in English from 1 March 2020 to 15 March 2021 and conducted in high-income countries were included. Screening and data extraction were undertaken in duplicate. Evidence was synthesised using a narrative approach. Study quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsThe search yielded 9776 publications, of which 26 met our inclusion criteria. Significant knowledge gaps on how COVID-19 affected pregnancy and breast feeding limited healthcare providers’ ability to provide consistent evidence-based information and care at the start of the pandemic. There was an enduring sense of loss about loved ones being restricted from taking part in key moments. Parents were concerned about the limitations of virtual healthcare provision. Some parents reported more opportunities for responsive breast feeding and improved parent–infant bonding due to reduced social and work pressures. Women from minoritised ethnic groups were less likely to continue breast feeding and attributed this to a lack of face-to-face support.ConclusionsThe evidence suggests that new and expectant families have been both negatively and positively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting restrictions. The impacts on parents’ opportunities to bond with their young children and to be attuned to their needs were felt unequally. It is important that emergency response policies consider the mother and the partner as a family unit when making changes to the delivery of maternal and child health and care services, so as to mitigate the impact on the family and existing health inequalities.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021236769.
Results and plans for nuclear spectroscopy of superheavy nuclei: the Lund perspective
Authors: Rudolph D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA survey of nuclear structure results obtained along$$\alpha $$α-decay chains stemming from isotopes of element 114, Fl, and element 115, Mc, is presented. Measures taken to ensure a reliable hand-over of nuclear spectroscopy output to nuclear structure theory are outlined. Possible links between decay chains starting from element 117, Ts, and element 115, Mc, are commented on. The experiments were conducted with the TASISpec set-up placed in the focal plane of the TASCA separator at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH in Darmstadt, Germany. Plans to improve the decay-spectroscopy set-up towards future superheavy endeavours are described.
Molecular Subtypes of Head and Neck Cancer in Patients of African Ancestry
Authors: Mezghani Nadia , Yao Alexandria , Vasilyeva Daria , Kaplan Nicole , Shackelford Austin , Yoon Angela , Phillipone Elizabeth , Dubey Sunil , Schwartz Gary K. , Taylor Alison M. , Momen-Heravi Fatemeh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose:The purpose of this study was to better understand the complex molecular biomarkers and signatures of head and neck cancer (HNC) among Black patients and identify possible molecular changes associated with HNC disparities.Experimental Design:Molecular subtypes and genomic changes in HNC samples from patients of African and European ancestry in The Cancer Genome Atlas, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Broad Institute, MD Anderson Cancer Center, and John Hopkins University were identified. Molecular features (genomic, proteomic, transcriptomic) associated with race and genomic alterations associated with clinical outcomes were determined. An independent cohort of HNC tumor specimens was used to validate the primary findings using IHC.Results:Black patients were found to have a younger age at diagnosis, more aggressive tumor types, higher rates of metastasis, and worse survival compared with White patients. Black patients had fewer human papillomavirus–positive tumor types and higher frequencies of laryngeal subtype tumors. Higher frequencies of TP53, MYO18B, KMT2D, and UNC13C mutations and a lower frequency of PIK3CA mutations were observed in Black patients. Tumors of Black patients showed significant enrichment of c-MYC and RET-tyrosine signaling and amplifications. A significant increase in tumor expression of c-MYC in Black patients was observed and was associated with poor survival outcomes in the independent cohort.Conclusions:Novel genomic modifications and molecular signatures may be related to environmental, social, and behavioral factors associated with racial disparities in HNC. Unique tumor mutations and biological pathways have potential clinical utility in providing more targeted and individualized screening, diagnostic, and treatment modalities to improve health outcomes.
Enhancing CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Through Memory-Enriched T Cells
Authors: El Marabti Ettaib , Abdel-Wahab Omar 
Published: December 2022

SummaryChimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells directed against CD19 have transformed the therapy of relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R B-ALL). A recent study reports promising activity and safety of CD19 CAR-T cells generated from naïve, stem, and central memory T cells in adults with R/R B-ALL.See related article by Aldoss et al., p. 742
Endothelial VEGFR Coreceptors Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 Are Essential for Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Benwell Christopher J. , Johnson Robert T. , Taylor James A.G.E. , Price Christopher A. , Robinson Stephen D. 
Published: December 2022

Neuropilin (NRP) expression is highly correlated with poor outcome in multiple cancer subtypes. As known coreceptors for VEGFRs, core drivers of angiogenesis, past investigations have alluded to their functional roles in facilitating tumorigenesis by promoting invasive vessel growth. Despite this, it remains unclear as to whether NRP1 and NRP2 act in a synergistic manner to enhance pathologic angiogenesis. Here we demonstrate, using NRP1ECKO, NRP2ECKO, and NRP1/NRP2ECKO mouse models, that maximum inhibition of primary tumor development and angiogenesis is achieved when both endothelial NRP1 and NRP2 are targeted simultaneously. Metastasis and secondary site angiogenesis were also significantly inhibited in NRP1/NRP2ECKO animals. Mechanistic studies revealed that codepleting NRP1 and NRP2 in mouse-microvascular endothelial cells stimulates rapid shuttling of VEGFR-2 to Rab7+ endosomes for proteosomal degradation. Our results highlight the importance of targeting both NRP1 and NRP2 to modulate tumor angiogenesis.Significance:The findings presented in this study demonstrate that tumor angiogenesis and growth can be arrested completely by cotargeting endothelial NRP1 and NRP2. We provide new insight into the mechanisms of action regulating NRP-dependent tumor angiogenesis and signpost a novel approach to halt tumor progression.