bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective analysis of risk factors for massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis 1
Authors: Luo Ling , Luo Jing , Jiang Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Massive hemoptysis is a common and fatal complication of bronchiectasis. However, the risk factors for massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis have not yet been reported. This study investigated the potential risk factors for massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis.Methods: This retrospective study included patients with bronchiectasis and their data were obtained from medical records. The risk factors for massive hemoptysis were evaluated by multivariate analysis of patient characteristics, medical history, and computed tomography imaging data, including the number of lesions, lesion location, and laboratory findings.Results: Among 379 patients, 61 (16.09%) experienced severe hemoptysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes (odds ratio (OR), 2.885; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.009–8.247), lesions involving two lobes (OR, 4.347; 95% CI, 1.960–9.638) and three lobes (OR, 2.787; 95% CI, 1.055–7.363) were significant predictors of severe hemoptysis. However, a disease course between 1 and 5 years (OR, 0.300; 95% CI, 0.112–0.801) and involvement of the left lower lobe (OR, 0.394; 95% CI, 0.196–0.793) were protective factors for the prevention of massive hemoptysis. Lesions in the right upper lobe were more likely to cause massive hemoptysis (OR, 1.458) than involvement of other lobes.Conclusions: Diabetes and lesions involving two and three lobes, were risk factors for massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis. Disease duration between 1 and 5 years and involvement of the left lower lobe were protective factors, while lesions in the right upper lobe had a stronger relationship with massive hemoptysis in patients with bronchiectasis.
Surgical techniques and oncologic outcomes of pure transperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Changwei , Xu Chunru , Wang Jie , Zhu WeiJie , Meng Chang , Du Yicong , Zhang Cuijian , Fang Dong , Li Xuesong , Zhou Liqun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: To discuss the clinical feasibility and oncologic outcomes of pure transperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (LSRNU) for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods: Between July 2010 and December 2020, 115 patients were admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of UTUC treated with pure LSRNU by one surgeon. A special laparoscopic bulldog clamp was placed at the bladder cuff before cutting and suturing. The clinical and follow-up data were preoperatively collected and analyzed. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method.Results All surgeries were completed uneventfully. The mean operative time was 145.69 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 56.61 ml. The mean removal time of the drain was 3.46 days. The mean time to liquid diet was 1.32 days, and the ambulation time was 1.50 days. All surgeries were effectively completed, and no case required open conversion. According to the Clavien–Dindo classification system, postoperative complications occurred in two patients (II, III). The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 5.78 days. The median follow-up duration was 54.50 months. Recurrence in the bladder was 16.0% (15/94), compared with 4.6% (4/87) in the contralateral upper tract. The 5-year OS and CSS rates were 78.9% and 81.4%, respectively.Conclusion Pure transperitoneal laparoscopic RNU is a safe and effective minimally invasive technology for the management of UTUC.
Classification and Comparison of Bacterial Resistance and Resistance Learning Against Low Dose Irradiation
Authors: Oskouei Soroush , Feghhi Seyed Amir Hossein , Soleimani Neda 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Survival ability and adapting capability of microorganisms under irradiation are not fully classified so far, however, many pathways of resistance and many types of resistant bacteria have been studied previously. In this experiment, we surveyed the adaptive resistance of five Gram-negative bacteria against gamma radiation (100 Gy to 1000 Gy) which is one of the challenges facing living organisms in certain environments. Bacterial strains were standard strains taken from hospitals and research centers. Growth ability and comparison were performed by evaluating optical density measurement with a spectrophotometer. Radiation was applied up to 1000 Gy using a gamma cell in a standard irradiation facility. New findings in this experiment, besides the wide comparison of the variety of Gram-negative strains under the same irradiation process, is classifying their learning capability, which can be used to manipulate or modify some types to become resistant in a much shorter period than natural resistance learning, for special purposes. The experiment accomplished the study of their learning ability to resist the same type of ionizing radiation. Two classes were observed, those with learning ability that could become more resistant, and the other that could not learn how to resist (during the study conditions). Salmonella Typhi was the most resistant strain among the studied group (P-value < 0.005), however, unlike the Enterobacter Aerogenes and Escherichia coli, results show that S. Tiphy does not possess the adapting capability to this kind of radiation under these methodological circumstances (P-value < 0.05).
Influence of concomitant percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with percutaneous coronary intervention on cardiovascular and limb outcomes in patients with chronic stable lower extremity artery diseases
Authors: Lee Yonggu , Kim Byung-Sik , Shin Jeong-Hun , Kim Woo-Hyun , Kook Hyungdon , Park Hwan-Cheol , Park Minae , Park Sojeong , Lim Young-Hyo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Concomitant percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often performed because lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) often coincides with coronary artery disease. We investigated the impact of concomitant PTA on both cardiovascular and limb outcomes in the Korean National Health Insurance Service registry. Among 78,185 patients undergoing PCI, 6,563 patients with stable LEAD without limb ischemia were included. After 1:5 propensity score-matching was conducted, 279 patients in the PTA + PCI group and 1,385 patients in the PCI group were compared. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models showed that the risk of all-cause death was higher in the PTA + PCI group than in the PCI group whereas the risks of myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, stroke, cardiovascular death and bleeding event were not different between the 2 groups. In contrast, the risks of end-stage renal diseases and unfavorable limb outcomes were higher in the PTA + PCI group. Mediation analyses revealed that amputation and PTA after discharge significantly mediated the association between the concomitant PTA and all-cause death. Concomitant PTA was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events but may increase the risk of all-cause death mediated by unfavorable renal and limb outcomes in patients with stable LEAD.
A diazeniumdiolate-based NO donor induces apoptosis by modulating the CIP2A/PP2A/ERK signaling axis
Authors: Xing YiHao , Hu Yile , Xu Jinglei , Xie Huaxia , Liu Ling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A(CIP2A) modulates the activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). PP2A is part of the principal regulators of MAPKs through dephosphorylating tyrosine or threonine residue, resulting in down-regulation of their activities. The present study aimed to assess the inhibition of CIP2A and dephosphorylated effect of PP2A on the ERK signaling pathway in JS-K-induced apoptosis. Cells were noticeably inhibited in a time- and concentration-dependent manner after treatment with JS-K. JS-K could cause an increase in Bax, a decrease in Bcl-2, and subsequent activation of caspase cascade through the release of NO. Meanwhile, JS-K stimulated a significant decrease of CIP2A expression whereas an enhancement of PP2A expression. Furthermore, the effects of JS-K on upregulation of PP2A, downregulation of phosphorylated ERK, and activation of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP were enhanced in CIP2A siRNA-interfered cells. However, overexpression of CIP2A could cancel the effects of JS-K on upregulation of PP2A, downregulation of phosphorylated ERK, and activation of cleaved-caspase-3 and cleaved-PARP. In addition, dephosphorylation of MEK, ERK, Elk-1, c-Myc, and c-Fos stimulated by JS-K was declined in PP2A siRNA cells. Conversely, overexpression of PP2A could strengthen the effects of d dephosphorylation of MEK, ERK, Elk-1, c-Myc, and c-Fos stimulated by JS-K. Simultaneously, the apoptotic cells were reduced in PP2A/C siRNA cells but increased in overexpression of PP2A cells. Taking together, JS-K as a diazeniumdiolate-based NO donor induces apoptosis by modulating the CIP2A/PP2A/ERK signaling axis.
Investigating phosphorus loads removed by chemical and biological methods in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Poland
Authors: Preisner Michał , Smol Marzena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article presents an analysis of the current methods for phosphorus removal applied in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Poland. Within the study, 131 wastewater treatment plants were investigated, constituting 17 630 500 population equivalent, which is about 1/3 of the overall population equivalent (designed) in Poland. The research was based on a detailed technical questionnaire analysis obtained from wastewater treatment plants operators and calculations of pure metal doses in the applied chemical reagents and their type per a treated wastewater volume, population equivalent and phosphorus load removed. The analysis results show that annually a minimum of 1 470 Mg of phosphorus removed by 35 wastewater treatment plants based entirely on biological treatment methods could be used for phosphorus recovery to produce struvite, calcium phosphate or other highly bioavailable alternative fertilizer products. Moreover, 1 490 Mg of phosphorus removed by other 17 wastewater treatment plants with a minimal coagulant dose (< 1 g of metal per m3 of wastewater), increase the base for phosphorus recovery to approx. 2 960 Mg per year using the sewage sludge or its dewatering liquors. These results suggest that the implementation of the means mentioned above would significantly increase the possibilities for obtaining phosphorus from secondary sources, especially in wastewater treatment plants without a direct access to sewage sludge incineration plants.
Rational Use of Nitrogen and Valuation of Organic Residues in Integrated Systems, in Comparison To Conventional Agricultural and Livestock Systems
Authors: Oliveira Joyce , Júnior Mario Santana , Maia Nayane , Junior José Carlos Dubeux , Gameiro Augusto , Kunrath Taise , Mendonça Gabriela , Simili Flavia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The rational use of nutrients is a key factor for the sustainability of agricultural systems. This study aimed to analyze the nitrogen balance and use efficiency, and the valorization of organic residues in integrated systems, in comparison to conventional agricultural and livestock systems. The experiment was assembled in a randomized blocks design with three replicates. Six production systems were compared, grain maize production (CROP) and pasture for beef cattle production (LS), and four ICLS (Integrated Crop-Livestock System) for grain maize production and pastures for beef cattle. In order to estimate the nutrient balance, all inputs and outputs at farm levels were considered, and in view of the results obtained for nutrient balance, the nutrient use efficiency was calculated. The CROP system presented higher nutrient use efficiency, but at the same time, it resulted in negative contributions for the nutrient balance lower amounts of nitrogen in the organic residues and lower valuation. The LS and ICLS provided a higher amount the N and valuation of organic residues. The presence of components such as pastures and the animal contribute in a positive production system, while reducing the needs for chemical fertilizers.
Pathogenesis of Aquatic Bird Bornavirus 1 in Domestic Chickens
Authors: Iverson Melanie , Leacy Alexander , Pham Phuc H. , Brouwer Emily , Nagy Eva , Lillie Brandon N. , Susta Leonardo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aquatic bird bornavirus 1 (ABBV-1), classified in the Orthobornavirus genus, is a neurotropic virus that infects wild waterfowl causing persistent infection of the nervous system. Given the conspicuous presence of wild waterfowl in urban areas and farmlands, spillover of this virus into domesticated poultry species is a concern. The goal of this study was to test the ability of ABBV-1 to infect and cause disease in chickens. Two-day-old, White Leghorn chickens (n, 176) were inoculated with ABBV-1 through the oral, intramuscular, or intracranial routes, and sampled at 1, 4, 8, and 12-weeks post infection (wpi) to assess virus replication and lesion development. Chickens became infected only through the intracranial and intramuscular routes, developing earliest infection in the brain by 1 wpi (intracranial group), and spinal cord by 8 wpi (intramuscular group). Except for the kidney of one bird in the intracranial group, no other tissues (including choanal and cloacal swabs) tested positive for the virus. Therefore, while the virus reached the central nervous tissue (CNS) from the muscle (centripetal spread), it inefficiently reached peripheral sites after replication in the CNS (centrifugal spread). Inflammation in the CNS was observed in the intracranial and intramuscular groups starting at 8 and 12 wpi, respectively, and consisted of mononuclear perivascular cuffing. This is the first study to document the pathogenesis of ABBV-1 in chickens, and indicates that this species is permissive to ABBV-1 infection, although less extensively than what is observed in waterfowl. This suggests that ABBV-1 replication is partially restricted in gallinaceous birds.
Physical Activity, Stress and Quality Of Life among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Shenzhen during the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Zhang Xiaoying , Zhang Xuchang , Lv Zhongwei , Yang Jianshe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated preventive measures resulted in a substantial disruption of daily life. To date, almost 2 years after the initial outbreak, there has been no specific investigation of the effects of COVID-19 on community-dwelling older adults.
Objectives: To investigate the levels of physical activity, stress and quality of life of community-dwelling older adults 2 years after the outbreak of COVID-19, and to quantify the relative contributions of physical activity and stress to their quality of life in the post-COVID-19-pandemic period.
Methods: Two hundred and thirty-four community-dwelling older adults completed an online survey comprising a sociodemographic data sheet and questionnaires including the Chinese versions of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE-C), the Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS-10) and the European Quality of Life Questionnaire Five-Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L). Descriptive statistics, group comparisons and correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the levels of physical activity and stress and quality of life. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the relative power of the independent variables to predict the EQ-5D-5L index value.
Results: When compared with a previous local study before the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the level of physical activity decreased by approximately 12% in community-dwelling older adults during the post-COVID-19-pandemic period. Our final regression model predicted 51.0% of the variance in the Chinese version of the EQ-5D-5L index.
Conclusion: The levels of physical activity and perceived stress were found to be significantly correlated with the quality of life of community-dwelling older adults during the post-COVID-19 period. Future studies should focus on developing and testing strategies to promote physical activity and stress management in this cohort during future pandemics.
Amplicon sequence variant-based meiofaunal community composition revealed by DADA2 tool is compatible with species composition
Authors: Harbuzov Zoya , Farberova Valeria , Tom Moshe , Pallavicini Alberto , Stanković David , Lotan Tamar , Lubinevsky Hadas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

The present study is aimed at implementing the amplicon sequence variant (ASV) concept to describe meiofaunal species composition independent of morphological identification, while strongly indicating reasonable compatibility with the underlying species. A primer pair was constructed and demonstrated to PCR amplify an 18S barcode from a variety of meiofaunal taxa, compatible with the high throughput sequencing (HTS) Illumina 300 X 2 bps platform. Sixteen 18S multi-species HTS assemblies were created from meiofaunal samples and merged to one assembly of ~2,150,000 contigs. Five quality scores (q=35, 30, 25, 20, 15) were implemented to filter five 18S barcode assemblies, which served as inputs to the DADA2 software, ending with 5 reference ASV libraries. Each of them was clustered, applying 3% dissimilarity threshold and revealed an average number of 1.38±0.078 ASVs/cluster which demonstrate high level of ASV uniqueness. The libraries which were based on q ≤ 25 reached a near-asymptote number of ASVs which together with the low average number of ASVs/3% cluster, strongly indicate compatibility with the actual number of underlying species. Hence, the q=25 library was selected to be used as metabarcoding reference library. It contained 461 ASVs and 342 - 3% clusters with average number of 1.34±1.036 ASV/cluster and their BLASTN annotation elucidated the expected meiofaunal taxa. The 16 assemblies of sample-specific paired contigs were mapped to this reference library and sample ASV profiles, namely the list of ASVs and their proportional copy numbers were created and also normalized to the actual number of individuals in each sample.
Implication of cystic fluid cytology of renal cell carcinoma on surgical practice
Authors: Hur Kyung Jae , Hooti Qais , Park Yong Hyun , Bae Woong Jin , Cho Hyukjin , Ha U-syn , Lee Ji Youl , Choi Young Jin , Hong Sung-Hoo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the incidence of positive cystic fluid cytology and its risk factors in cystic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) addressing its implication on the current surgical practice.
Methods
All clinically diagnosed Bosniak III, IV cystic renal masses from March 2019 to February 2021 were studied prospectively. Database of patients’ demographics and cystic tumor characteristics were recorded. Partial or radical nephrectomies were performed by either laparoscopic or robotic approach. Cystic fluid was collected right after specimen retrieval in the surgical field and examined by pathologist. Cytology results were compared to the demographic, perioperative variables using multivariate analysis.
Results
A total of 47 patients of histologically confirmed cystic RCC were included. Partial nephrectomies were performed in 44 patients, while radical nephrectomy in 3 patients. There was no intraoperative cystic rupture or fluid spillage. Positive cystic fluid cytology findings were identified in 28 (59.5%) patients, while negative cystic fluid cytology were identified in 19 (40.5%) cases. Definite malignant cells were observed in 24 patients while the other four patients showed highly suspicious atypical cells. Histologically, 68% of patients were proven clear cell RCC and 85% showed Fuhrman grade 1 or 2 in final histologic review. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis between positive and negative cytology groups showed that the presence of the malignant cells in cystic fluid was significantly associated with patients’ age (> 60years) and Bosniak grade of cystic tumor (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Definite malignant cells in cystic fluid cytology were observed through our study. Additionally, patients’ age (> 60years) and Bosniak grade are the significant risk factors of positive cytology in cystic RCC. Therefore, necessity of meticulous manipulation of cystic renal tumors, despite their clinical features, should not be underemphasized to avoid the least possible tumor cell seeding in case of cystic rupture when operating such high risk of positive cytology.
Dynamics of lipid mobilization and other serum metabolites during transitional period in Frieswal dairy cattle
Authors: Mahajan Sumit , Devi Indu , Chand Naimi , Kumar Suresh , Pande Megha , Sirohi Ajayvir Singh , Tyagi Shrikant 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The transition period in a dairy cow is defined as a change from a gestational non-lactating to a non-gestational lactating state and usually spans between 3 weeks prior to calving and 3 weeks post-calving. The period is characterized by sudden changes in both metabolic and immune functions associated with an increased incidence of both infectious and metabolic diseases, especially in high-yielding dairy cows. The present study depicts the dynamic change in lipid, protein, mineral, and other serum metabolites during the transitional period in Frieswal dairy cows. Significant (P ≤ 0.05) changes in lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and very-low-density lipoprotein) protein profile (total protein, globulin, albumin globulin ratio, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine), mineral (calcium and Phosphorus) and enzyme activity (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) were recorded during the transition period. Whereas, non-significant (P ≥ 0.05) changes were noted in the concentration of albumin, glucose, magnesium during the transitional period. Frieswal dairy cows were in negative energy balance as depicted by a decrease in the total cholesterol, its fractions, and unable to recoup the same even after 21 days post-calving when compared with the animals of the control group. Further, these dynamic changes in the present study will be helpful in deciding and planning ration and other managemental interventions to minimize the metabolic stress during the transitional period.