bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antihyperlipidemic effect and increased antioxidant enzyme levels of aqueous extracts from Liupao tea and green tea in vivo
Authors: Huang Shuoyuan , Chen Huan , Teng Jianwen , Wu Zhengmei , Huang Li , Wei Baoyao , Xia Ning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLiupao tea (fermented dark tea) may improve the active function of hyperlipidemia. Utilizing a hyperlipidemia Sprague‐Dawley model and UPLC‐MS/MS metabolomics, we examined how the effect of Liupao and green tea extracts on hyperlipidemia and antoxidant enzyme levels and compared their constituents. The results showed that the two types of tea could reduce the levels of total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C); increase the contents of bile acids and cholesterol in feces; and improve catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities. Compared with the model control group, Liupao tea effectively reduced TC and LDL‐C levels by 39.53% and 58.55% and increased GSH‐Px activity in the liver by 67.07%, which was better than the effect of green tea. A total of 93 compounds were identified from two samples; the amounts of alkaloids and fatty acids increased compared with green tea, and ellagic acid, hypoxanthine, and theophylline with relatively high contents in Liupao tea had a significantly positive correlation with antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects. Therefore, Liupao tea had better antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities in vivo than green tea, which might be related to the relatively high content of some active substances.
Difference in the nutritional, in vitro, and functional characteristics of protein and fat isolates of two Indian chia (Salvia hispanica L) seed genotypes with variation in seed coat color
Authors: Malik Amanda Manoj , Riar Charanjit S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the association between the seed coat color of two chia seed genotypes for their composition, protein content, amino acid, and fatty acid profiles. The optimal pH for protein isolation for both genotypes (BCPI and WCPI) was 10, based on protein purity and solubility. Fatty acid profiling indicated, overall, 18 different fatty acids higher in BCPI10 with linolenic acid domination (∼66%) followed by linoleic acid (∼19%) and oleic acid (∼6%), contributing PUFAs (∼86%). Optimized protein isolates, black (BCPI10) and white (WCPI10) chia, had shown purity, L*‐value, solubility, and yields of 90.65%, 75.86%, 77.75%, 11.30%, and 90.00%, 77.83%, 76.07%, 10.69%, respectively. BCPI10 depicted higher EAA (33.19 g/100 g N) and EEA indices (57.676%) compared to WCPI10 (32.14 g/100 g N) and 56.360%, respectively. Amino acid profiling indicated higher, PER, TAA, TEAA, TNEAA, TAAA, TBA, acidic AA values for BCPI10, and higher leucine/isoleucine ratio for WCPI10 having leucine and sulfur amino acids as limiting amino acids. BCPI10 had higher sulfur‐containing amino acid contents, as the main contributor to the albumin a water‐soluble fraction, leading to its higher in vitro digestibility (71.97%) than WCPI10 (67.70%). Both isolates exhibited good WHC and OHC of 3.18, 2.39 and 3.00, 2.20, respectively. Both protein isolates had similar ∆Td (°C) values with some variation in FTIR spectrum from 1000 cm–1 to 1651 cm–1 having more peak intensity for BCPI10. SDS‐PAGE indicated bands at 150 kDa, representing globulin and mild bands at 25–33 kDa for glutelin and albumin. A significant (p < 0.05) variation reported in this study for protein and lipid profiles of both genotype attributes to genetic differences between the seeds.Practical ApplicationBased on the nutritional profile, both chia seed isolates (black and white) are suitable for consumption with an edge for black seed when supplemented with their limiting amino acids. The high values of the functional properties and structural characteristics combined with high nutritional values make the chia protein isolate an excellent source of raw material for various food formulations. Fatty acid profile of the oils from the genotypes showed the presence of high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, especially the PUFAs with more number of fatty acids in black chia seed. The excellent lipid profile of chia seed oil indicates the benefit of using chia seed oil as a source of essential fatty acids in the human diet for optimal health.
A fablab at the periphery: Decentering innovation from São Paulo
Authors: Gil Liliana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent decades, many tech spaces have emerged worldwide to promote innovation. Based on ethnographic research, this article examines one of such initiatives in Brazil—a public laboratory of digital fabrication located in a low‐income neighborhood in the periphery of São Paulo. While scholars have exposed the neoliberal aspects of fablabs, this article aims to de‐center hegemonic understandings of innovation by attending to its situated practices. Analyzing the techno‐optimist aspirations and institutional legacies behind this laboratory, I explain how the US‐based fablab model was reconfigured in light of community concerns and previous Latin American experiments of digital inclusion. Against a monolithic image of tech collectives, I show how lab workers cultivated a diverse range of audiences and creative practices, specifically those of working‐class women. The article concludes with a call for more anthropological attention to overlooked tech practices as a means to imagine fairer and more solidary forms of innovation.
Retroperitoneoscopic resection of a large paraganglioma surrounded by the right diaphragmatic crus on the dorsal side of the inferior vena cava: A pediatric case report
Authors: Takimoto Aitaro , Sumida Wataru , Shirota Chiyoe , Makita Satoshi , Okamoto Masamune , Ogata Seiya , Takada Shunya , Nakagawa Yoichi , Kato Daiki , Goda Yosuke , Hinoki Akinari , Uchida Hiroo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare tumors. A 10 year‐old girl was brought to the emergency room with complaints of sudden vomiting and convulsions, and was initially diagnosed with hypertensive encephalopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scan showed a large mass (6 × 3 × 3 cm) on the dorsal side of the inferior vena cava, surrounded by the right diaphragmatic crus, and closely attached to the aorta. Blood noradrenaline, urinary normetanephrine, and noradrenaline levels were elevated. The final diagnosis was retroperitoneal paraganglioma, then, surgery was contemplated. The location of the liver and great vessels in front of the tumor made the commonly performed transabdominal approach complicated. Therefore, retroperitoneoscopic surgery was preferred for safer resection, with better visualization in a sufficient space with less risk of damaging the surrounding organs. The retroperitoneoscopic approach is a good indication for tumors located behind the great vessels.
Hepatopathy in Victorian dogs consuming pet meat contaminated with indospicine
Authors: Salmon S. E. , Hall S. L. , Phillips D. E. , Dries L. R. , Sarandopoulos J. , Coghill A. , Hawes M. C. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIndospicine is an arginine analogue and a natural toxin occurring only in Indigofera plant species, including Australian native species. It accumulates in the tissues of grazing animals, persisting for several months after ingestion. Dogs are particularly sensitive to indospicine toxicity and can suffer fatal liver disease after eating indospicine‐contaminated pet meat.MethodA disease outbreak investigation was launched following notification to Agriculture Victoria of a cluster of 18 dogs displaying acute, severe, hepatopathy in the East Gippsland Shire in June 2021.ResultsBetween June and September 2021, 24 pet dogs died, and 40 others experienced liver disease after eating commercially prepared pet meat found to contain indospicine. The investigation identified the toxin in serum and liver samples from affected dogs and at high levels in some samples of pet meat eaten by the dogs. Twenty‐six horses that were moved from the Northern Territory and processed at a Pet Meat Processing facility (knackery) in eastern Victoria over a period of 14 days in late May–early June 2021 were identified as the likely source of the indospicine toxin in the pet meat. Pet meat produced by the knackery and on‐sold by several retailers was determined to be the cause of the illness and death in the dogs.ConclusionThis is the first report of severe and frequently fatal hepatopathy in dogs in Victoria relating to consumption of pet meat contaminated with indospicine.
Hepatitis B virus movement through the hepatocyte: An update
Authors: Prange Reinhild 
Published: August 2022

AbstractViruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that utilize cellular machinery for many aspects of their propagation and effective egress of virus particles from host cells is one important determinant of virus infectivity. Hijacking host cell processes applies in particular to the hepatitis B virus (HBV), as its DNA genome with about 3 kb in size is one of the smallest viral genomes known. HBV is a leading cause of liver disease and still displays one of the most successful pathogens in human populations worldwide. The extremely successful spread of this virus is explained by its efficient transmission strategies and its versatile particle types, including virions, empty envelopes, naked capsids, and others. HBV exploits distinct host trafficking machineries to assemble and release its particle types including nucleocytoplasmic shuttling transport, secretory, and exocytic pathways, the Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport pathway, and the autophagy pathway. Understanding how HBV uses and subverts host membrane trafficking systems offers the chance of obtaining new mechanistic insights into the regulation and function of this essential cellular processes. It can also help to identify potential targets for antiviral interventions. Here, I will provide an overview of HBV maturation, assembly, and budding, with a focus on recent advances, and will point out areas where questions remain that can benefit from future studies. Unless otherwise indicated, almost all presented knowledge was gained from cell culture‐based, HBV in vitro‐replication and in vitro‐infection systems.
Island size predicts mammal diversity in insular environments, except for land‐bridge islands
Authors: Neto Gilson de Souza Ferreira , Benchimol Maíra , Carneiro Fernanda Melo , Baccaro Fabricio Beggiato 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInsular environments are among the most endangered ecosystems as they face a myriad of anthropogenic stressors. Forest mammals perform a wide range of ecological services, with their persistence being vital for ecosystem functionality in both natural and artificial islands. Studies revealed that shrinkage in island size usually leads to the decay of mammal species richness and abundance in patchy landscapes. However, mammal species‐area (SARs) and abundance‐area (AARs) relationships can differ among insular environments: oceanic, fluvial, artificial, and land‐bridge islands (i.e., natural islands connected to the mainland). Large dams create vast insularized landscapes after river impoundment, leading to pervasive habitat loss and potentially causing even worse biodiversity losses than other insular systems. We conducted an extensive literature search and used meta‐analysis techniques to quantify the magnitude of SAR and AAR for forest mammals across different archipelago landscapes worldwide. After a screening process, we ended up with 26 studies comprising 55 different effect sizes representing the magnitude of SARs and AARs. Our global analysis unveiled a positive relationship between effect sizes and island area, with mammal species richness and abundance increasing in fluvial, oceanic, and artificial islands accordingly with island area, but not in land‐bridge islands. These results demonstrate that, except for land‐bridge islands, SAR and AAR are still fair models to predict mammal diversity. These results could improve the prediction of SAR and AAR in insular environments under habitat loss scenarios and propose sound conservation strategies since the rate at which insular communities have been lost is presently unknown.
Sensitization to molecular dog allergens in an adult population: Results from the West Sweden Asthma Study
Authors: Özuygur Ermis Saliha Selin , Borres Magnus P. , Basna Rani , Ekerljung Linda , Malmhäll Carina , Goksör Emma , Wennergren Göran , Rådinger Madeleine , Lötvall Jan , Lundbäck Bo , Kankaanranta Hannu , Nwaru Bright I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the prevalence of dog allergy rises, component resolved diagnosis might improve the diagnosis, understanding of the clinical outcomes and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Considering the paucity of data in adults, the current study characterized the patterns of sensitization to dog molecular allergens in an adult population.MethodsData were derived from the West Sweden Asthma Study, a population‐based and representative sample of adults from western Sweden. Of the 2006 subjects clinically examined, 313 participants sensitized to whole dog allergen extract were measured for specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels to Can f 1, Can f 2, Can f 3, Can f 4, Can f 5 and Can f 6 using ImmunoCAP™. Polysensitization was defined as sensitization to ≥3 components. Overlapping sensitization was defined as having concomitant sensitization to at least two dog molecular allergen families (lipocalin, albumin or prostatic kallikrein).ResultsOf 313, 218 (70%) subjects tested positive to at least one dog allergen component. Sensitization to Can f 1 (43%) was the most common, followed by Can f 5 (33%) among molecular allergens, while sensitization to lipocalins (56%) was the most common among component families. Polysensitization was found in 22% of all participants and was more common in participants with than in those without asthma. Subjects with asthma were less likely to be monosensitized to Can f 5 than those without asthma. Subjects with asthma had higher IgE levels of Can f 3, Can f 4 and Can f 6 than those without asthma. Overlapping sensitizations also differed between those with asthma and allergic rhinitis and those without.ConclusionIncreased knowledge about the sensitization patterns of dog allergen components can aid in defining their role in asthma and rhinitis. In complex clinical cases of dog allergy, a detailed analysis of dog allergen components can provide additional information on the nature of sensitization.
A new POLH mutation in a consanguineous Chinese family with xeroderma pigmentosum variant type
Authors: OuYang Xiaoliang , Zhang Deng , Wang Xiuping , Yu Simin , Xiao Zhen , Li Chunming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report a Chinese consanguineous family with a variant type of xeroderma pigmentosum (XPV), and identified one novel mutation in the patient. Our study expands the mutational spectrum of XPV.
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Relationship between chronic hypoxia and seizure susceptibility
Authors: Xu YuanHang , Fan QingLi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChronic hypobaric hypoxia in high‐altitude areas is closely related to the occurrence of many neurological diseases. Among these diseases, epilepsy is a common disease of the nervous system that is difficult to diagnose and treat, with a long treatment cycle. As of 2019, there were more than 70 million epilepsy patients worldwide, including 10 million in China. Studies have shown that chronic hypoxia promotes the occurrence and development of epilepsy, and elucidation of the relationship between chronic hypoxia and epilepsy is important for studying the pathogenesis of epilepsy and exploring the potential characteristics of epilepsy and new drug targets for epilepsy. In this article, we review the factors that may cause increased seizure susceptibility in chronic hypoxia and consider the potential relationship between chronic hypobaric hypoxia and seizure susceptibility in high‐altitude areas and prospects surrounding related research in the future.
Fisher–shark interactions: A loss of support for the Maldives shark sanctuary from reef fishers whose livelihoods are affected by shark depredation
Authors: Robinson Danielle , Newman Steven P. , Whittingham Mark J. , Francksen Richard M. , Adam M. Shiham , Stead Selina M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTargets for protecting predatory species often fail to consider the human costs of conservation. Human–wildlife interactions can increase following conservation action and present a major ecological and socioeconomic challenge. Using semistructured interviews (n = 103), participatory mapping (n = 57) and Baited Remote Underwater Video Stations (50 h) we investigated fisher‐shark interactions in one of the world's principal shark sanctuaries. Seventy‐three percent of respondents reported an increase in shark depredation postsanctuary implementation. Fisher‐reported losses due to shark depredation varied significantly between fisheries and were disproportionately high for reef fishers (>21% of daily vessel earnings). This is attributed to extensive spatial overlap (55%–78%) between reef fishing activity and ecologically validated shark hotspots. We show significant correlations between perceptions of depredation and support for shark sanctuary regulations. Findings demonstrate the need to consider fisher–shark interactions in current and future conservation planning and suggest that management of depredation must be sensitive to diverging perceptions among fisher groups.
Treatment patterns and glycated haemoglobin levels over 36 months in individuals with type 2 diabetes initiating second‐line glucose‐lowering therapy: The global DISCOVER study
Authors: Charbonnel Bernard H. , Chen Hungta , Cid‐Ruzafa Javier , Cooper Andrew , Fenici Peter , Gomes Marilia B. , Saraiva Gabriela L. , Medina Jesús , Nicolucci Antonio , Shestakova Marina V. , Shimomura Iichiro , Surmont Filip , Tang Fengming , Vora Jiten , Watada Hirotaka , Khunti Kamlesh ,   the DISCOVER Investigators
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo describe glucose‐lowering treatment regimens and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) trajectories in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) over 36 months of follow‐up from the start of second‐line therapy.Materials and MethodsThis data analysis from the 3‐year, observational DISCOVER study programme included 14 687 participants from 37 countries with T2D initiating second‐line glucose‐lowering therapy. Treatment and HbA1c data were collected at baseline (start of second‐line therapy) and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Treatment regimen changes over follow‐up were analysed using the McNemar test, with carry‐forward imputation for intermediate missing values.ResultsA total of 11 592 participants had treatment data at baseline and 36 months, and 11 882 had HbA1c data at baseline. At baseline and 36 months, respectively, rates of oral monotherapy use were 12.1% and 12.4% (P = 0.22), rates of dual oral therapy use were 63.4% and 47.6% (P < 0.0001), rates of ≥ triple oral therapy use were 17.5% and 25.4% (P < 0.0001), and rates of injectable treatment use were 7.0% and 13.7% (P < 0.0001). Use of injectable drugs was most common among participants with an HbA1c level ≥64 mmol/mol (≥8.0%). Overall, 42.9% of participants changed treatment during follow‐up. Mean HbA1c levels at baseline and 6 months were 67 mmol/mol (8.3%) and 55 mmol/mol (7.2%), respectively, remaining stable thereafter.ConclusionsDual oral therapy was the most common treatment regimen at the start of second‐line treatment, and over half of the participants remained on the same treatment during follow‐up.
A longitudinal study of headspace youth oriented mental health service satisfaction, service utilization and clinical characteristics
Authors: Ishay Gili Hoter , Zisman‐Ilani Yaara , Roe David 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThis study examined satisfaction with accessibility, staff attitudes, personal outcomes service components of youth‐oriented mental health service, Headspace, and those components' associations with psychological distress and functional status at intake, service utilization patterns and demographic characteristics at middle and end of treatment.MethodsData were collected between March 2016 and June 2018 from 112 participants (12–25 years) who consented and completed at least seven sessions at the Headspace youth integrated‐care centre in Israel using the centre's registries and the Youth Service Satisfaction Scale.ResultsHeadspace participants attended an average of 12 sessions (SD = 3.12), they waited up to 2 weeks for their first intake (n = 57; 73%), after which most were offered a psychotherapy session (n = 80, 71%) within 2 months. Participants' satisfaction with Headspace was above the mid‐point for all service aspects. The overall effect for time was not significant, F(1) = 1.14, p > .05. However, a significant increase in satisfaction with personal outcomes was found between the middle and the end of treatment, F(2,4) = 3.11, p < .05 compared to all other aspects. The length of waiting time, level of distress, number of sessions attended by parents and age were correlated with satisfaction. Correlations were found with waiting time, distress level, number of sessions attended by parents and age.ConclusionsHigh levels of satisfaction with Headspace service aspects strengthens the evidence for areas of importance in designing youth mental health services: youth‐friendly staff, general environment, accessibility and outcomes achievement.
Effects of oscillatory pressure mode on the sintering behavior of Al2O3w–ZrO2 composite in hot oscillatory pressing
Authors: He Hongtian , Shao Gang , Zhao Rui , Liang Yi , Wang Hailong , Fan Bingbing , Lu Hongxia , Xu Hongliang , Zhang Rui , An Linan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHot oscillatory pressing (HOP) has been shown to be a more effective technology for sintering various material systems than hot pressing sintering due to the use of oscillatory pressure. However, the effect of oscillatory pressure parameters on the sintering behavior is not clear. In this paper, the effect of pressure amplitude, frequency, and mean pressure of oscillatory pressure on the sintering behavior was studied by using sapphire whisker reinforced zirconia ceramic composite as a model material. The obtained results were discussed by considering grain boundary sliding as a viscoelastic process. The current work would provide scientific guidance for determining optimized HOP parameters.