bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cold Metal Transfer Parameters during Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Ti6Al4V Multi-layer Walls
Authors: Reyes-Gordillo Emmanuel , Gómez-Ortega Arturo , Morales-Estrella Ricardo , Pérez-Barrera James , Gonzalez-Carmona Juan , Escudero-García Ramiro , Alvarado-Orozco Juan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study analyzed the effect of process parameters on Ti6Al4V thin walls additively manufactured by cold metal transfer (CMT). An experimental procedure methodology was stablished to develop the process parameters with the most significance on the morphological aspects of the deposits. The maximum working temperature for Ti6Al4V multilayer deposits was defined using differential scanning calorimetry. A difference of 100°C was found between the maximum working temperature of the substrate plate and that of the deposited wall. The experimental results showed overheating above 450°C, which is the maximum recommended working temperature for Ti6Al4V, in the four previous layers during processing. The aspect ratio and metallurgical dilution were compared between single and multi-layer deposits; values of 1.5 and 20%, respectively, were ideal for obtaining continuous thin walls. Furthermore, a continuity factor along the construction walls was defined by 3D measurements, as 1.9 taking into account all deposited layers. In addition, it was observed that the oxygen concentration on the walls rises with increasing power regardless the interpass time used. Finally, microhardness measurements values showed more dispersion as the heat input increased.
Novel in-situ observation of the grease constituents in elastohydrodynamic contacts by fluorescence microscopy.
Authors: Kostal David , Okal Michal , Fryza Josef , Krupka Ivan , Hartl Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Grease is important lubricant for ball bearings as it is used much more often than oil. However, mechanism of the lubrication is not completely clear, especially concerning the role of the thickener in the lubricating process. It was shown that contribution of the thickener to film thickness build-up varies with operating conditions. Also, its influence on the resistive torque of the bearing was proved. However, all studies were in-direct showing its effects. This paper presents new in-situ fluorescence method of the grease constituents’ observation, where both, thickener, and base oil can be observed independently. Two different fluorescence dyes are used to distinguish grease constituents with the use of different microscope setup. Moreover, the new method was tested on two different test rigs. First is typical ball on disc test rig widely used for study of elastohydrodynamic lubrication. Second is ball on ring test rig which more closely represents radial ball bearing conditions. It was shown that thickener engagement is very different for each geometrical configuration.
Theoretical insights into chelated metal complexes of herbacetin for the application in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Puthanveedu Vinduja , Ahamed T. K. Shameera , Muraleedharan K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Herbacetin is a potential phytochemical that is proposed to treat various diseases. In this study, density functional theory is used to characterize the metal-chelating ability of herbacetin, with Cu2+ and Zn2+ metal ions. In general, metal chelation improved the reactivity of herbacetin. Interaction energies suggest that HER1-Zn2+ is more stable than HER1-Cu2+ in both gas and DMSO media. Efficient charge transfer occurs via the lone pair of oxygen atoms in herbacetin to the anti-bonding orbital of metal ions through non-covalent interactions, particularly electrostatic. The influence of metal chelation on the anti-oxidant activity of herbacetin was analyzed. Further, the anti-Alzheimer’s property of herbacetin was explained using molecular docking technique. Our results suggest that herbacetin is a potential contender in chelation therapy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease due to its metal chelating and antioxidant properties. More importantly, an outstanding bioactivity score of 0.55 was obtained for the herbacetin molecule.
In situs Efficiency evaluation of a Photovoltaic Irrigation System in West Africa rural area, input current oversizing effect on the pump efficiency
Authors: FAVI Segbedji , IBRAHIM Boubacar , YAHAYA Saleye , ADAMOU RABANI 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
As a perfect example of Water-Energy-Food nexus, photovoltaic-powered irrigation is a suitable system for farmers of the semi-arid countries of Sahel. This system can be one of the excellent ways to achieve some of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) regarding food access, water access and energy access. Mastering the installation, configuration and operation of the solar PV water pumping system regarding the environmental conditions is crucial for resource-saving and efficient use. This study's main objective is to evaluate the efficiency of a direct-coupled photovoltaic water pumping system (PVWPS) through the case study of the most common and demonstrator system installed in a rural area. The equipment has been installed within the CIREG (Climate Information for Integrated Renewable Electricity Generation) project as a demonstrator site at Bonkoukou in Niger (West Africa). The PVWPS efficiency assessment demonstrated that the PV array has been oversized twice. The increasing PV array capacity (i.e., the electric input current) over the manufacturer's prescription of the pumps does not substantially improve the system's performance but leads to lower pump efficiency. Indeed, by doubling the PV array power from 1.5 kWp as suggested by the manufacturer to 3 kWp, the maximum pump output is not significantly different from the one obtained with 1.5 kW (4.2 m3/h versus 3.5 m3/h with just an increase of 20%).
Integrated absolute full energy peak efficiency: a measure of photon registration efficiency
Authors: Slawomir Jednorog , Bartlomiej Klis , Kamil Szewczak 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Integrated absolute full energy peak efficiency (IAFEPE) is the measure of photon registration efficiency by means of the γ-ray spectrometry method. For the first time, we derive appropriate formulas and theoretical explanations of IAFEPE. IAFEPE is a definite integral (Riemann integral) of the photon registration efficiency function within the detection energy range. IAFEPE, in common with associated quantities, i.e., mass integrated absolute full energy efficiency (MIAFEPE) and surface integrated absolute full energy peak efficiency (SIAFEPE), allows for the quantitative validation of measurement conditions in terms of finding the best solution and for several analytical considerations previously unavailable. MIAFEPE is the product of sample mass and IAFEPE, while SIAFEPE represents the product of surface area and IAFEPE. They both consider changes in the count rate due to the total activity of a sample. In applied neutronics and radiation monitoring, we successfully used IAFEPE and derivative quantities to validate the correctness of the measurement process. The IAFEPE, MIAFEPE, and SIAFEPE allow the selection of the proper measurement conditions before starting measurements. Thus, for planning spectrometry, knowledge about sample activity in most cases is no longer needed.
Active monitoring of residential radon in Rome: a pilot study
Authors: Soldati Gaia , Ciaccio Maria Grazia , Piersanti Antonio , Cannelli Valentina , Galli Gianfranco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To address the issue of residential radon risk we conducted two distinct experiments actively monitoring radon in 25 apartments in Rome and suburban areas for two weeks, and in 3 apartments in the historic center for several months. The action levels of 300 and 100 Bq/m3 are overcome in 17% and 60% of the cases, respectively, and these percentages rise to 20% and 76% for average radon measured overnight (more relevant for residents’ exposure). Active detectors allowed us to identify the seasonal behavior of radon, strongly dependent on the gradient of indoor-to-outdoor temperature, and of the way it travels from the ground to upper floors. High levels of radon are not limited to the lowest floors when the use of heating and ventilation produces massive convection of air. The importance of these factors is also evidenced by the very different values of gas concentration measured at different floors of the same building or in distinct rooms of the same apartment, that cannot be ascribed to the characteristics of the premises. However, the finding that high residential radon levels tend to concentrate in the historic center proves the significant influence of building age, typology, construction materials, and geogenic radon.
Effect of gender on psychological distress and fatigue over time in a prospective cohort of cancer survivors
Authors: Rondanina Gabriella , Siri Giacomo , Marra Domenico , DeCensi Andrea 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundStudies indicate a higher level of distress in women than men with cancer, but whether this difference is retained during time is unknown. We studied the frequency and level of distress and fatigue during time according to gender in a cohort of cancer survivors. Patients and methodsIn this prospective study cancer survivors were invited to undergo a psychological session immediately before the medical visit. Distress was assessed by the Distress thermometer and fatigue by the ESAS-r scale. Patients underwent follow-up visits to assess changes over time.ResultsA total of 305 patients and 568 visits were performed with a median follow up of 15.8 months. At baseline, female, young age and breast cancer had a significantly higher distress. However, there was an increase of distress of 0.29 points every 6 months in males (95% CI, 0.09-0.50) versus no change in females (0.03 points, 95% CI, -0.09-0.15; p-interaction=0.01). The different behavior of cancer distress during time according to gender was more evident in subjects aged 68 or older due to increasing physical problems in men (p-interaction=0.005). There was no change in fatigue with time according to gender.ConclusionsWomen, younger age and breast cancer have increased cancer distress at initial visit. However, women tend to stabilize during follow-up whereas men tend to worsen their distress, especially because of physical and emotional problems, suggesting different coping capabilities.Implications for Cancer Survivors Interventions aimed at improving recognition of emotions related to disease experience in male cancer survivors appear necessary.
Brazilian methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains carrying a diversity of mupirocin-resistance plasmids
Authors: Giambiagi-deMarval Marcia , Cardozo Ana Paula Marques , Coimbra-e-Souza Viviane , Santos Katia Regina Netto dos , Bastos Maria do Carmo Freire , Rossi Ciro César 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are widespread causative agents of hard-to-treat infections in the nosocomial environment, with increasingly narrower treatment possibilities. Mupirocin is an antibiotic commonly used to promote nasal decolonization and prevent transmission of MRSA in hospitals. Resistance to high levels of mupirocin is emerging globally, being mainly conferred by the product of the mupA gene. In this study, we analyzed the levels of resistance to mupirocin, the presence of the mupA gene, the transmissibility and diversity of plasmids among Staphylococcus isolated from nosocomial infections. Five mupA-carrying and mupirocin-resistant MRSA strains were studied in terms of the plasmidial origin of mupA, which was confirmed by curing during heat stress, plasmid extraction and PCR. Resistance was associated with high-molecular weight plasmids, which were transferred by conjugation to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus, and then to a MRSA strain. The plasmids were shown to be diverse by analysis of the presence, orientation, and distance of the insertion sequence IS257 from the mupA gene, and by their restriction patterns. This study reinforces that, given the decline of possibilities to treat MRSA infections and the easy transfer of mupirocin-resistance plasmids among Staphylococcus, the use of this antibiotic must be carefully monitored.
PH-CNN for PE Malware Detection Using Enhanced Image
Authors: Gu Fan , Li Hongjiao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the current malware family classification, gray images converted frombinary PE files are subject to code shelling, obfuscation, and other variant techniques, which undermine the similarity of malware images between same family. To solve this problem and improve detection efficiency, a method by enhancing the gray image and using PH-CNN as the detection model is proposed. First, the original image is enhanced by discarding the subjectively set machine code (DSMD) and adding section distribution information (ASDI), and then the enhanced imageis detected by PH-CNN model. Among them, the PH-CNN model consists of Perceptual Hashing detection module and CNN detection module. Malware images are first detected by Perceptual Hashing module to quickly divide the samples of specific malware families and uncertain malware families, and then, the samples of uncertain malware families are detected by the CNN detection module. The experimental results on Microsoft Malware Classification Challenge dataset show that compared with the original gray image, the detection accuracy using enhanced image is higher, reaching 98.68%. Meanwhile, compared with using only CNN module, the proposed detection model has higher detection efficiency and the detection speed is improved by 79%.
Quality of life in patients with tunnel vision and its influencing factors：a cross- sectional study
Authors: Xu Dongye , Zheng Changyue , Yu Manrong , Ji Shunmei , Chen Han , Dai Jinhui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Tunnel vision can reduce a patient’s QoL. Little research has targeted patients with tunnel vision and deeply studied the influencing factors of QOL and the effect of visual field (VF) defect degree on QOL. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and quality of life (QoL) of patients with tunnel vision and summarize the influencing factors.Methods: Fifty-two patients with tunnel vision and 35 controls (normal VF; BCVA>16/20) were enrolled. Relevant clinical data and Low Vision Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (LVQoL) scores were recorded and analyzed. Products: The LVQoL scores were 62.63±21.34 in tunnel vision group and 112.42±11.90 in controls (P<.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation (R2=0.52) between patient LVQoL scores and presenting visual acuity (PVA)(logMAR) and a positive correlation with VF diameter. “Distant vision, mobility, and lighting” and “activities of daily living” subscale scores were associated with PVA and VF diameter (R2=0.50 and 0.39), “adjustment” score was correlated with age (R2=0.08), and “reading and fine work” was correlated with PVA (R2=0.40). LVQoL scores indicated mild impairment in the ≥20° groups and moderate-to-severe impairment in the <20°group. “Distant vision, mobility, and lighting” scores indicated mild impairment in the ≥30° group, and moderate-to-severe impairment in the <30° groups. In this subscale, the scores for "seeing steps or curbs" of all 3 tunnel vision groups indicated moderate-to-severe impairment. “Activities of daily living” score indicated mild impairment in the ≥20° groups and moderate-to-severe impairment in the <20°group. Conclusion: PVA and VF diameter influenced QoL in tunnel vision patients. VF diameters <30° significantly impaired outdoor activities, and “seeing steps” was the first to be affected. VF diameters <20° significantly restricted indoor activities. Patients with no significant PVA impairment showed few VF effects on near work. Identification of the impacts of tunnel vision can be used to clarify the development and direction of tunnel vision rehabilitation.Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000028859; Date of registration: 2020/1/5
Prevalence of mismatch repair genes mutations and clinical activity of PD-1 therapy in Chinese prostate cancer patients
Authors: Fang Bangwei , Wei Yu , Zeng Hao , Li Yonghong , Chen Shouzhen , Zhang Tingwei , Pan Jian , Wang Beihe , Wu Junlong , Jin Shengming , Gan Hualei , Hu Mengna , Zhang Ding , Ye Dingwei , Zhu Yao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) patients with mismatch repair (MMR) genes mutations are potentially responsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, aberrations in MMR genes were rare in PCa and there is evidence that MMR genes mutations are highly ethnic-specific. Thus, the prevalence and clinical characteristics of this subgroup in Chinese PCa patients are largely unknown. Furthermore, why some of these patients do not respond to ICB also remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the sequencing data from 3338 Chinese PCa patients to profile the mutation spectrum of the MMR genes. We found that in metastatic disease, the pathogenic mutation frequency of MMR genes in Chinese PCa patients was higher than that in the Caucasus population (4.8% vs 2.2%, P = 0.006) and the mutation carriers responded poorer to androgen deprive therapy (ADT) and abiraterone than non-carriers. Besides, we reported a multi-institutional cases series of 11 PCa patients with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) who received programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, and performed multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIF) to explore the relationship between tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and response to ICB. The results showed that the responders had higher density of intratumoral CD8 + T cells than non-responders. Our data suggested MMR genes mutations may be more common in Chinese PCa patients and it is associated with poorer response to hormonal therapies. We propose that the density of intratumoral CD8+ T cells could be a promising predictor to help further subdivide the population of PCa patients who can benefit from immunotherapy.
Vigorous growth through neonatal period to early childhood in offspring born after frozen embryo transfer: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Wei , Gao Shanshan , Ban Miaomiao , Hu Jingmei , Ding Lingling , Cui Linlin , Chen Zi-Jiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Millions of births worldwide were conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) and the proportion of frozen embryo transfer (FET) was increasing in recent years. The health of offspring born after FET has been of much concern. But the impact of FET on long-term growth of children was still unknown. The purpose of our study was to compare perinatal outcomes and subsequent growth through childhood between siblings conceived by frozen versus fresh embryo transfer. The results would provide additional evidence to evaluate the long-term safety of FET.Methods: This cohort study was conducted among participants recruited from 2008 to 2019. Participants were 413 singleton sibling pairs conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in a single reproductive center. One was born after fresh embryo transfer and the consecutive sibling was born after FET, or vice versa. Pregnant and neonatal complications were obtained through medical records. Children height, weight and head circumference were measured using a stadiometer and scale with calibrated electronic scale.Results: The prevalence of large for gestational age (LGA) were significantly higher in FET group [adjusted OR = 2.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39, 4.24)]. We further divided our cohort into two groups, first Fresh/second FET siblings (n=756) and first FET/second Fresh siblings (n=70). The risk of LGA were still higher in frozen embryo transfer children in both groups. The z-score of children length was significantly higher in frozen embryo transfer group (adjusted β 0.96, 95% CI: 0.38,1.54). The z-score of height, BMI as well as HC were comparable between two groups.Conclusion: This study found that the risk of LGA in newborns and z-score of children length are significantly higher in children born from FET than their siblings born from fresh embryo transfers. Long-term follow-up studies should be performed on children born after FET to evaluate their metabolic and growth status. Also, caution should be exercised in freezing all embryos in ART.
High miR-99b expression is associated with cell proliferation and worse patient outcomes in breast cancer
Authors: Oshi Masanori , Tokumaru Yoshihisa , Benesch Matthew G.K. , Sugito Nobuhiko , Wu Rongrong , Yan Li , Yamada Akimitsu , Chishima Takashi , Ishikawa Takashi , Endo Itaru , Takabe Kazuaki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Although miR-99b is a known suppressive microRNA in several cancer types, its role in breast cancer is not elucidated. In this study, we examine the clinical relevance of miR-99b expression in breast cancer. Methods: We analyzed microRNA and messenger RNA expressions and their relationships with clinical parameters for 1,961 breast cancer samples from two independent large cohorts, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC). Several algorithms including Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and xCell were used to investigate biological function and the tumor microenvironment. Results: High miR-99b expression significantly enriched the mTORC1 signaling gene set in breast cancer (normalized enrichment score (NES)=1.63, false discovery rate (FDR)=0.03, and NES=1.58, FDR=0.10, in METABRIC and TCGA, respectively). No other mechanisms including the epithelial mesenchymal transition, or nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling, were consistently enriched consistently in both cohorts. miR-99b-high breast cancer was associated with high homologous recombination deficiencies, intratumor heterogeneity, and higher rates of mutation and neoantigens. Further miR-99b-high specimens have increased E2F targets, G2/M checkpoint, and mitotic spindle signaling, and are significantly associated with pathogenesis in both cohorts (p = 0.011, <0.001). High miR-99b was also associated with low stromal cell fractions in the tumor microenvironment, including adipocytes, keratinocytes, and lymphatic endothelial cells (p < 0.001). However, in both cohorts, miR-99b expression was not associated with significant infiltration of immune cells, except for dendritic cells (p = 0.006, 0.020). Finally, in both cohorts, breast cancer with high miR-99b expression was significantly associated with worse and disease-free survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS), particularly in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human epidermal growth factor (HER)2-negative breast cancer (DSS hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.51, p < 0.001 in the METABRIC cohort, and HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.12-2.98, p = 0.017 in the TCGA cohort). Conclusions: Breast cancer with high miR-99b expression was significantly associated with mTORC1 signaling, cell proliferation, and decreased patient survival, particularly in ER-positive/HER2-negative subtype.