bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Volcanological Study of North Eastern Kaba Volcano, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia
Authors: Wijaya M E J , Setijadji L D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mount Kaba is one of the active volcanoes located in the eastern part of Bengkulu Province. This research was conducted in Gunung Kaba Complex because the distribution location of the last eruption product is close to some monogenetic volcano and residential area. This is interesting to study considering because can be a potential threat of disaster. The results of this study are expected to support providing an overview of the potential threat of volcanic disasters in the Mount Kaba Complex. The research methods used include geomorphological, stratigraphic, petrographic, and geochemical analyses. The geomorphological unit of Mount Kaba consists of 6 units. The types of volcanic rocks in the research area are dominated by lava and pyroclastic rocks. Based on the petrographic analysis of 10 samples, the names of the rocks in the research area are basalt scoria, basalt, and andesite. Based on the geochemical analysis of 8 samples, it is known that silica content in the rocks ranging from 44.40925 - 63.2993 %. Based on the AFM diagram, all samples are included in the tholeiitic series. Based on the TAS (Total Alkali Silica) diagram, it is known that the igneous rocks of the study area consist of andesite, basalt, tephrite, and trachyandesite.
Identification of Seismic Response to Aquifer System with A Synthetic Modelling Approach
Authors: Udin Yana , Suryanto Wiwit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The microseismic method is relatively new in groundwater exploration, especially in Indonesia. This study will examine the response of microseismic to groundwater aquifer systems. This study aims to analyze the response of seismic waves and to interpret the seismic wave response characteristics to the aquifer system model. The modeling of the aquifer system was carried out using seismic stratigraphy data. This data was used as input data to model the exposed HVSR curve using the Microtrem program in MATLAB. The study of physical parameters and supporting parameters of the aquifer layer and the air contained in it was carried out to support this modeling. The aquifer system modeling was carried out with various parameters, including saturation, porosity, and thickness of the aquifer layer. Furthermore, an analysis of the model is carried out to determine the response characteristics of the aquifer system to microseismic waves. The results show that the frequency range as a marker of the presence of the aquifer ranges from 2-4 Hz, which is determined by parameters within a specific value.
Geochemistry and geochronology of intrusive units in the Suyoc epithermal deposit: Constraints on magma fertility in the Mankayan Mineral District, Philippines
Authors: Gabo-Ratio J A S , Jabagat K D , Soberano O B , Yonezu K , Lee Y H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Mankayan Mineral District in northern Luzon, Philippines is host to world-class Cu-Au hydrothermal deposits such as the Far Southeast porphyry copper deposit and the Lepanto, Victoria, and Teresa epithermal deposits. It also hosts the Suyoc epithermal prospect in the southern portion of the district. This study focuses on the petrography, whole rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry and U-Pb dating of the three massive batholitic intrusive units (gabbro-diabase basement, tonalite-granodiorite, and hornblende quartz diorite) in Suyoc. U-Pb dating results reveal that the tonalite is Late Eocene in age (37.20 ± 4.70 Ma), while the hornblende quartz diorite was dated 3.18 ± 0.77 Ma (Middle Pliocene). The gabbro-diabase exhibits tholeiitic signature while the tonalite-granodiorite and hornblende quartz diorite are calc-alkaline. Trace element plots for the three host rocks indicate formation in a subduction setting. Furthermore, discrimination diagrams point to an adakitic character for the younger hornblende quartz diorite and typical arc rock signatures for the older gabbro and tonalite-granodiorite. The results indicate that hydrothermal mineralization is attributed to the hornblende quartz diorite, which coincides with the Pliocene mineralization recognized in the Mankayan Mineral District.
Band processing of Landsat 8-OLI multi-spectral images as a tool for delineating alteration zones associated with porphyry prospects: A case from Suyoc, Benguet, Philippines
Authors: Parcutela N.E. , Dimalanta C.B. , Armada L.T. , Austria R.S. , Gabo-Ratio J.A. , Yumul G.P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Mankayan Mineral District in Luzon is marked by several porphyry and epithermal mineralizations. The possibility of blind porphyry mineralization in Mangga, Basig, and Palidan was forwarded based on the results of recent ground magnetic surveys in Suyoc, Mankayan, Benguet. These areas exhibited the diagnostic magnetic anomaly patterns expected of porphyry copper deposits. This signature, a magnetic core surrounded by a non-magnetic rim, is due to the alteration haloes common to porphyry systems. The magnetic core corresponds to the potassic zone dominated by iron-oxide-bearing minerals (e.g., magnetite). Meanwhile, the abundance of non-magnetic clay minerals at the periphery of the mineralized region corresponds to propylitic-argillic alteration zones. Delineation of alteration zones using remote sensing was done to further support the suggested mineralization prospects. Mixture tuned matched filtering (MTMF) was carried out to reduce the effects of vegetation cover from Landsat 8 data. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was applied to generate bands exploiting the greatest difference between the clay and magnetite alterations with background earth materials. A classified composite map depicts the altered regions. The three sites previously identified from magnetic anomalies also display the expected alterations. Another prospect in the Lapangan area is being proposed based on magnetic anomalies and mapped alterations.
Screening criteria of underground coal gasification (UCG): a case study from Mangunjaya Area, South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Anggara F , Riasetiawan M , Assamarqandi F R , Sartika B F , Rizaldi I J , Syahra V , Ibrahim M A , Rahmat S B 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a technology that can increase the value of coal. This technology turns coal into gas below the surface through the gasification process. UCG offers many applications for power generation, heating, and the chemical industry. The Mangunjaya area is one prospecting area, located in the South Sumatra Basin, which has been actively producing coal for a long time. This study focused on determining the potential location of UCG in Mangunjaya. Screening criteria were extracted from previous studies including coal thickness, depth of the coal seam, depth and thickness ratio, coal rank, the dip of a coal seam, roof and floor rock type and thickness, and geological structure. Thirteen boreholes were examined to determine their potential, namely MJ1 to MJ13. The evaluation results show that the Mangus coal seam at a depth of 260,4 meters in the MJ2 borehole and the surrounding area in 15 km2, matches the criteria and has the most potential coal for UCG development.
Heat flow and gravity anomalies in some presumed hidden geothermal prospects in Java
Authors: Maghfira P D , Utami P , Niasari S W 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The currently developed geothermal fields in Java are hosted by Quaternary volcanic complexes in the central zone of the island. Those fields have many vigorous thermal manifestations. However, seismic tomography shows the presence of an east-west-trending, low P-wave velocity (Vp) zones along the island. This indicates the presence of some hot, molten mass at depth, and provides the possibility of the existence of subsurface heat energy resource that can be utilized despite the rarity of surface manifestations. We investigate the heat flow and gravity anomalies in the areas lacking thermal manifestations, namely Paguyangan, Candi Umbul-Telomoyo, Pablengan, and Parang Wedang. The first three are associated with Slamet, Telomoyo, and Lawu volcanoes, respectively. Parang Wedang is far from the active Merapi volcano, but close to the Opak Fault – one of the major strike-slip faults of Java. This research is a preliminary effort in exploring those presumed hidden geothermal prospects. The results shows that all the investigated areas have high heat flow anomaly (145 – 160 mW/m2). Their gravity anomaly varies. The highest (>70 mGal) and medium values (12 - 24 mGal) are found in Pablengan, and Candi Umbul-Telomoyo, respectively. The lowest values (< 5 mGal) occur in Parang Wedang.
Soil expansion acting within geosynthetic-reinforced embankment over sinkhole
Authors: Pham M T , Nguyen D T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The appearance of sinkholes which may not be accurately observed is one of the main problems that caused the stability of construction. Among geotechnical solutions, the geosynthetic-reinforced embankment has been commonly applied due to a variety of benefits. Numerous studies have recently improved the knowledge of the complicated mechanisms acting inside the reinforcement system once a cavity appears. Many present design methods have been established to propose the necessary parameters to apply the technic to potential areas that are prone to subsidence. However, there are many calculated hypotheses based on simple assumptions that may cause the actual effect of the design including the soil expansion inside the embankment. A numerical model has been developed in the present study by using the finite element method and the soil expansion is the main objective to investigate. Considering the deformation, axial forces, and stress applied to the geosynthetics, the expansion factor is determined by two methods and it is confirmed not to be a global and uniform phenomenon.
Integrated SWAT-MODFLOW model to study saltwater intrusion in Da Nang coastal city
Authors: Nguyen Bach Thao , Khoa Thi Van Le 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study applied an integrated surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) model, SWAT-MODFLOW to study interaction of surface and groundwater than simulate saltwater intrusion at a regional scale in Da Nang coastal city, center of Vietnam. Model components were calibrated and validated using monthly river flow data and hydraulic head data for the 2005-2020 period and showed good agreement with observed data. The results demonstrated that GW-SW exchange in the upstream areas had the most pronounced fluctuation between the wet and dry months under historical conditions. The combined potential impact is that intensive groundwater use may have more immediate effects on river flow than those of climate change, which has important implications for water resources management and supply in the future. The results showed that the total average recharge to groundwater from the rivers was varied from 12046 to 23147 m3/d relative to 50 – 74% of water resources in rain and dry season. Saltwater intrusion intrusion in 2020 is about 100 km2. In the area of Son Tra and Ngu Hanh Son districts, groundwater pumping must be reduced to zero, in some other areas, pumping rate do not exceed 250 to 1000 m3/day with distance to coastline at least 500 to 1400m depends on each area.
Improvement of atmospheric jet-array plasma uniformity assisted by artificial neural networks
Authors: ZHENG Shulei , NIE Qiuyue , HUANG Tao , HOU Chunfeng , WANG Xiaogang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) arrays have shown a potential in a wide range of applications ranging from material processing to biomedicine. In these applications, targets with complex three-dimensional structures often easily affect plasma uniformity. However, the uniformity is usually crucially important in application areas such as biomedicine, etc. In this work, the flow and electric field collaborative modulations are used to improve the uniformity of the plasma downstream. Taking a two-dimensional sloped metallic substrate with a 10° inclined angle as an example, the influences of both flow and electric field on the electron and typical active species distributions downstream are studied based on a multi-field coupling model. The electric and flow fields modulations are first separately applied to test the influence. Results show that the electric field modulation has an obvious improvement on the uniformity of plasma while the flow field modulation effect is limited. Based on such outputs, a collaborative modulation of both fields is then applied, and shows a much better effect on the uniformity. To make further advances, a basic strategy of uniformity improvement is thus acquired. To achieve the goal, an artificial neural network method with reasonable accuracy is then used to predict the correlation between plasma processing parameters and downstream uniformity properties for further improvement of the plasma uniformity. An optional scheme taking advantage of the flexibility of APPJ arrays is then developed for practical demands.
Immunocompetent brain organoids—microglia enter the stage
Authors: Sabate-Soler Sonia , Bernini Michela , Schwamborn Jens Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, are a focus of studies in neurodegenerative diseases. Similarly, research about induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived whole brain and region-specific organoids is increasing. In organoids, the complexity of the culture systems increases, mimicking better the actual scenario in the human brain. Furthermore, animal models do not always recapitulate human neurodegeneration, and they imply more ethical concerns compared to organoid systems. Recently the integration of iPSC-derived microglia into brain organoids has been achieved, and on-chip technologies have been focusing on microglia interaction with neural cells. In this review, we discuss the achievements on integrating microglia into brain organoids. We study the cell organization, ultrastructure and cell signalling of microglia with respect to other cell types in organoids as well as their functionality in the system. A particular focus here is on the interaction with the midbrain and dopaminergic systems. Finally, we discuss the achievements until now concerning neuroinflammation and disease modelling, and the possible therapeutic approaches targeting microglia and neuroinflammation in 3D systems.
Perioperative care for older people
Authors: Partridge Judith S L , Moonesinghe S Ramani , Lees Nicholas , Dhesi Jugdeep K 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreasing numbers of older people are undergoing surgery with benefits including symptom relief and extended longevity. Despite these benefits, older people are more likely than younger patients to experience postoperative complications, which are predominantly medical as opposed to surgical. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and optimisation offers a systematic approach to risk assessment and risk modification in the perioperative period. Clinical evidence shows that Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and optimisation reduces postoperative medical complications and is cost effective in the perioperative setting. These benefits have been observed in patients undergoing elective and emergency surgery. Challenges in the implementation of perioperative Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and optimisation services are acknowledged. These include the necessary involvement of a wide stakeholder group, limited available geriatric medicine workforce and ensuring fidelity to Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment methodology with adaptation to the local context. Addressing these challenges needs a cross-specialty, interdisciplinary approach underpinned by evidence-based medicine and implementation science with upskilling to facilitate innovative use of the extended workforce. Future delivery of quality patient-centred perioperative care requires proactive engagement with national audit, collaborative guidelines and establishment of networks to share best practice.
Volumetric Assessment of the Anterior Digastric Muscles: A Deeper Understanding of the Volumetric Changes With Aging
Authors: McCleary Sean P , Moghadam Shahrzad , Le Christina , Perez Kevin , Nahabet Edward , Sim Myung-Shin , Roostaeian Jason 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Targeting the deeper, subplatysmal structures in the neck has recently grown in popularity. In particular, interventions targeting the “bulky” anterior digastric (AD) muscle have been described with excellent results. However, much remains to be understood about the deep anatomy of the neck and the age-associated changes of the AD.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between AD volume and age.

Methods
This retrospective study calculated the AD volume from MRI segmentation in subjects between the ages of 20 to 92 years, scans of whom had previously been recorded. Those with compromised imaging due to pathology or artifact were excluded. Subjects were divided into 4 age-defined cohorts for clinical applicability.

Results
This study included 129 patients (male n = 64) with a mean age of 52.3. The AD volume of the reference group was 3.2 cm3. A linear decrease in muscle volume was observed with age compared with the reference group: 2.95 cm3 in the 45- to 54-year-old cohort (P = 0.3), 2.7 cm3 in the 55- to 64-year-old cohort (P = 0.05), and 2.45 cm3 in the &gt;65-year-old cohort (P &lt; 0.001). Male sex (P = 0.0001) and laterality (P = 0.003) were associated with significantly larger volumes. Overweight and obese BMI classification was not associated with a significantly different volume than normal or underweight subjects (P = 0.067).

Conclusions
The study findings suggest an age-associated reduction in AD volume. Gender and laterality significantly affected volume, whereas BMI did not. Although the results do not support the theory of muscular hypertrophy with aging, they reveal that the perceived bulkiness may be due to changes in the surrounding anatomy affecting the morphology of the AD and subsequent blunting of the cervicomental angle.
Men’s Experiences and Psychological Outcomes of Nonsurgical Medical Penile Girth Augmentation: A Preliminary Prospective Study
Authors: Sharp Gemma , Fernando Anne Nileshni , Oates Jayson , McEvoy Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe popularity of penile augmentation procedures is increasing, but investigation into men’s experiences with these procedures and their impact on psychological well-being is lacking.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate men’s experiences with nonsurgical medical penile girth augmentation and assess, based on valid psychological measures, the impacts these procedures have on psychological well-being.MethodsMen seeking to undergo a girth augmentation (n = 19) completed an online questionnaire prior to their procedure and 6 months later that contained standardized measures assessing impacts of the procedure, penile size self-discrepancy, body dysmorphic disorder, psychological distress, self-esteem, and body image–related quality of life. Girth size was also measured preprocedure and 6 months postprocedure for a subsample of men.ResultsAlmost half of the men reported positive impacts of “increased self-confidence” and “increased sexual pleasure” after their procedure. Despite an average girth increase of 3.29 cm, the men still perceived that their penile girth and length was less than what they should be or less than the ideal size after their augmentation procedure. However, this perceived discrepancy was significantly smaller than before their procedures. Prior to the procedure, the men who met diagnostic criteria for body dysmorphic disorder according to self-reported questionnaire (11%, n = 2/19) and clinical interview (7%, n = 1/15) lost this diagnosis at 6 months. There were no changes in psychological distress, self-esteem, or body image–related quality of life from pre- to postprocedure.ConclusionsMen report positive impacts on their lives after penile girth augmentation, but impacts on broader psychological well-being are mixed.Level of Evidence: 4
Clinical Severity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant Relative to Delta in British Columbia, Canada: A Retrospective Analysis of Whole-Genome Sequenced Cases
Authors: Harrigan Sean P , Wilton James , Chong Mei , Abdia Younathan , Velasquez Garcia Hector , Rose Caren , Taylor Marsha , Mishra Sharmistha , Sander Beate , Hoang Linda , Tyson John , Krajden Mel , Prystajecky Natalie , Janjua Naveed Z , Sbihi Hind 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
In late 2021, the Omicron severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variant emerged and rapidly replaced Delta as the dominant variant. The increased transmissibility of Omicron led to surges in case rates and hospitalizations; however, the true severity of the variant remained unclear. We aimed to provide robust estimates of Omicron severity relative to Delta.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from the British Columbia COVID-19 Cohort, a large provincial surveillance platform with linkage to administrative datasets. To capture the time of cocirculation with Omicron and Delta, December 2021 was chosen as the study period. Whole-genome sequencing was used to determine Omicron and Delta variants. To assess the severity (hospitalization, intensive care unit [ICU] admission, length of stay), we conducted adjusted Cox proportional hazard models, weighted by inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTW).

Results
The cohort was composed of 13 128 individuals (7729 Omicron and 5399 Delta). There were 419 coronavirus disease 2019 hospitalizations, with 118 (22%) among people diagnosed with Omicron (crude rate = 1.5% Omicron, 5.6% Delta). In multivariable IPTW analysis, Omicron was associated with a 50% lower risk of hospitalization compared with Delta (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43 to 0.59), a 73% lower risk of ICU admission (aHR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.38), and a 5-day shorter hospital stay (aß = −5.03, 95% CI = −8.01 to −2.05).

Conclusions
Our analysis supports findings from other studies that have demonstrated lower risk of severe outcomes in Omicron-infected individuals relative to Delta.