bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOPESLAM: A high-precision ROS-based semantic SLAM system
Authors: Roch Jesse , Najjaran Homayoun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have accelerated the growth of robotic vision systems. One way this technology can be applied is to use a mobile robot to automatically generate a 3D map and identify objects within it. This paper explores a solution to this problem by combining Deep Object Pose Estimation (DOPE) with Real-Time Appearance-Based Mapping (RTAB-Map) through means of loose-coupled parallel fusion. DOPE’s abilities are enhanced by leveraging its belief map system to filter uncertain key points which increases precision so only the best object labels end up on the map. Additionally, DOPE’s pipeline is modified to enable shape-based object recognition using depth maps so it can identify objects in complete darkness. Three experiments are performed to find the ideal training dataset, quantify the increased precision, and to evaluate the overall performance of the system. The results show the proposed solution outperforms existing methods in most intended scenarios such as in unilluminated scenes.
Modeling the physiological parameters of beer yeast during storage with natural zeolite-containing tuffs using artificial neural networks
Authors: Shafrai Anton V. , Permyakova Larisa V. , Borodulin Dmitriy M. , Sergeeva Irina Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work aims to use artificial neural networks for mathematical modeling of correcting the biosynthetic activity of yeast during storage with natural minerals. The object of the research is the brewer's seed yeast of the C34 race. Artificial neural networks were created on the basis of experimental data, which were used to solve the problems of regression and prediction of output values. Four networks were created: the first one modeled the values of all output variables, while the second, the third and the fourth modeled the number of yeast cells with glycogen, budding cells and dead cells respectively. Next, the optimal yeast storage parameters were determined. As a result of the study, the possibility of using artificial neural networks for mathematical modeling of undesirable deviations in the physiological parameters of brewer's seed yeast during storage with natural minerals was proved.
A longitudinal characterization of the seminal microbiota and antibiotic resistance in yearling beef bulls subjected to different rate of gains using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and culturing
Authors: Webb Emily M. , Holman Devin B. , Schmidt Kaycie N. , Crouse Matthew S. , Dahlen Carl R. , Cushman Robert A. , Snider Alexandria P. , McCarthy Kacie L. , Amat Samat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence supports the existence of a microbial community in bovine semen, and that this seminal microbiota may influence not only the male fertility but also female reproduction. In this study, we evaluated the seminal and fecal microbiota in yearling beef bulls fed a common diet to achieve moderate (1.13 kg/d) or high (1.80 kg/d) rates of weight gain. Semen samples were collected on days 0 and 112 of dietary intervention (n = 19/group) as well as post-breeding (n = 6/group) using electroejaculation and the microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, qPCR, and culturing. The fecal microbiota was also evaluated and its similarity with seminal microbiota assessed. A subset of seminal bacterial isolates (n = 33) was screened for resistance against 28 antibiotics.Results: A complex and dynamic microbiota was detected in bovine semen, and the community structure was affected by sampling time (R2 = 0.16, P < 0.001). Microbial richness increased from d 0 (ASVs, 253 ± 12) to d 112 (293 ± 14) (P < 0.05). Microbial diversity did not change during pre-breeding but increased after breeding (P < 0.05). Fusobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota were dominant in the seminal microbiota, and their abundance changed over time and following breeding (P < 0.05). Seminal microbiota remained unaffected by the differential rate of gains, and its overall composition was distinct from fecal microbiota, with only 6% of the taxa shared between them. The fecal microbiota did not differ between the two dietary treatments at d 112 and post-breeding but changed over time from d 112 to post-breeding (P < 0.05). A total of 364 isolates from 49 different genera were recovered under aerobic and anaerobic culturing. Among these seminal isolates were pathogenic species associated with respiratory disease, liver abscesses and reproductive infections, as well as those resistant to several antibiotics. Conclusions: Our results suggest that bovine semen harbors a rich and complex microbiota which changes over time and in response to breeding activity but appears to be resilient to differential gains achieved via a common diet. Seminal microbiota is distinct from the fecal microbiota and harbors potentially pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant bacterial species.
Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Headache on Daily Activities of Medical Students at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates: A Community-based Research
Authors: Azrak Omar Ahmed Talal , Hashem Anas Mohamad , Al-Ali Maryam , Khouly Mai Al , Kilani Mohammad Munzer , Taher Mina , Khalouf Amani , Mahmoud Amir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHeadache is one of the most common and debilitating neurological disorders. As it is highly common and impacts the quality-of-life and academic performance of medical undergraduates, it is essential to uncover the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and perceived triggering factors of headache among medical students at the University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. We aim to conduct this cross-sectional study that aids in discovering factors influencing the frequency and severity of headache which can guide healthcare providers to early detect, counsel, and treat it.MethodSelf-administered questionnaires were distributed among 471 medical students from Medicine, Pharmacy, and Health Sciences from September 2019 and May 2020. Data was analyzed by JMP Pro-14 using Chi-square, t-tests, and ANOVA. MIDAS was adopted, with some modifications, for measuring headache impact.ResultsA total of 471 students (75.2% females) participated. The prevalence of headache was 84.9% with a higher incidence among Medicine (p=0.001), wearing eyeglasses (p=0.033) and in a higher year of study (p=0.026). Among those who experienced headaches recently, most had one headache episode per month (35%), for less than an hour (46.5%), described it as tightness (46.1%) and frontal in location (35.5%). Frequent headache sufferers had prolonged episodes (p<0.001), during the afternoon (p<0.0001), throbbing and severe in nature (p<0.001). A significant reduction in academic performance (p=0.0075) and routine activities (p=0.028) were noticed. Stress or tension and too little sleep were the most common triggering factors. For the management of headaches, sleeping and relaxation were the most used by respondents.ConclusionDue to the stressful university life, headache is commonly experienced by a majority of undergraduates, especially Medicine students. The high prevalence of the headache and its incapacitating symptoms on medical students’ academic performance necessitate more attention from the healthcare providers to take serious steps towards early headache detection and intervention.
Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation: Which graft warns the most?
Authors: Giuliani Tommaso , Ibanez Javier Maupoey , Orón Eva Montalvá , Robledo Andrea Boscá , Chicote Cristina Martínez , Sanz Ana Hernando , Ibanez Cristina Ballester , Mizrahi David Calatayud , Andújar Rafael López 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) is still characterized by high rates of postoperative complications. This study aims to offer an in-depth characterization of short-, medium- and long-term complications following SPK to derive insights for postoperative management and follow-up.Methods: Consecutive SPK transplantations were analysed. Pancreatic graft (P-graft)- and kidney graft (K-graft)-related complications were analysed separately. The global postoperative course was assessed in three timeframes (early, medium-term, and late) using the comprehensive complication index (CCI). Predictors of complications and early graft loss were explored.Results: Complications occurred in 61.2% of patients, and the 90-day mortality was 3.9%. The overall burden of complications was significantly high during admission (CCI 22.4 ± 21.1) and decreased gradually afterwards. P-graft-related complications burdened the most in the early postoperative course (CCI 11.6 ± 13.8); postoperative ileus and perigraft fluid collection were the most frequent complications, and pseudoaneurysms, haemorrhages, and bowel leaks were the major concerns. K-related complications were milder but represented the largest proportion of the CCI in the late postoperative timeframe (CCI 7.6 ± 13.6). No predictors of P-graft- or K-graft-related complications were found. Conclusion: Pancreas graft-related complications represent the largest part of the clinical burden in the early postoperative timeframe but are negligible after 3 months. Kidney grafts have a relevant impact in the long term. The multidisciplinary approach to SPK recipients should be driven based on all graft-specific complications and tailored on a time-dependent basis.
A novel high-quality and high-efficiency immersion fluid chemical mechanical polishing process for integral impeller
Authors: Liao Longxing , Shanming Luo , Chang Xuefeng , Fu Shengping , Mo Jingyu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel process of immersion fluid chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is proposed to replace the traditional manual polishing and the mechanical polishing for integral impeller. Using the FLUENT software to simulate the force state on the integral impeller surface and the fluid motion trajectory during the polishing process, in order to determine the optimal polishing process , and to reveal the formation mechanism of the high-quality integral impeller surface. The immersion fluid CMP process experiment was carried out on the integral impeller with the developed CMP slurry containing phosphoric acid (H3PO4), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), citric acid (CA), silicon carbide (SiC) and deionized water. After 2.5 hours of CMP, the surface roughness decreased from Ra 1.651 μm to Ra 0.658 μm, the polished surface is smooth and without tool marks. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared (IR) were used to reveal the polishing mechanism of the oxidation, dissolution, removal and complex precipitates on the surface of the integral impeller. This research provides a novel process for the precision machining of other complex structural parts similar to the integral impeller, which has the characteristics of simple polishing process, high efficiency and good polishing effect.
Antifungal activities of vineyard-habitat wild yeast for grape gray-mold disease and its initial promotion of alcohol fermentation in spontaneous wine brewing
Authors: Yamaguchi Akihiro , Hudagula Hu , Maeno Naoko , Minami Noriko , Takahashi Soichiro , Yoshida Kuniko , Ohtani Katsuki , Funatsu Yasuhiro , Kondo Ryosuke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Microorganisms, including native yeasts, are abundant in vineyard fields. Herein, we studied the possibility of using vineyard-derived wild yeast as a microbial pesticide against Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen that causes grape gray mold disease, to boost the initial alcohol production of spontaneously fermented wine. We identified the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain KONDO170908, which showed the most effective antifungal activity in an ex vivo yeast dripping experiment on grape berries. This strain was utilized in an in vivo spray test on grape bunches in vineyard fields and was proven to significantly suppress gray mold disease on the grape berries in test plot #16 when the yeast was sprayed during both the flowering and ripening periods (morbidity 11.2% against 15.3% of the control plot, χ2 test, P < 0.0001). However, in test plot #17, spraying the yeast during only the ripening period had no effect (morbidity 16.3%). The grapes from each test plot were also submitted for spontaneous wine fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation of the grapes from test plot #16 provided the most active bubbling of CO2 gas and the highest ethanol production and colony counts over seven days of fermentation. Unique changes in the different strains of S. cerevisiae among the plots were observed throughout the early fermentation stage. Thus, yeast spraying during the flowering period might trigger modification of the entire microbiota and could ultimately contribute to promoting alcohol production in the spontaneously fermented wine.
Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and its neurodegenerative consequences
Authors: Khosravi Azadeh , Mousavi Mahboobeh Kafi , Soltani Masoud , Aliomrani Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a member of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), an industrial pollutant that has been produced for decades and widely used in various industries. Accumulation of this compound in the environment and body of organisms led to increased concerns about this compound. The toxic effects of PFOA on the nervous system are unknown, yet. We aimed to assess the myelination and neurogenesis in brain tissue.
Method and Materials:
In this study, PFOA at doses of 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg were injected intraperitoneally into C57BL/6J mice for 14 days, and the myelin content, CD4 + and CD8 + cell infiltration to brain regions were evaluated. Also, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling was performed to compare neurogenesis among the groups.
Results
The LFB stating revealed a significant decrease in myelin content in both gender at high concentrations (p < 0.001). The impaired neurogenesis was observed in both genders especially females which was highly related to the dose and region of the brain. The infiltration rates of CD4 + and CD8 + cells to the brain were shown to be decreased meanwhile the lymphocyte count was not significantly changed among groups over time and vice versa for the monocyte and neutrophils.
Conclusion
Our results showed that PFOA had a negative impact on neurogenesis and the myelination process through the specific region of the brain depending on the dose and gender. Also, PFOA could disturb the number of CD4 + and CD8 + cells infiltrating the brain, which plays a crucial role in neurogenesis, leading to toxicity and neurological abnormalities. It seems that more research is needed to determine the exact mechanisms of PFOA neurotoxicity and its long-term behavioral consequences.
Genetic variation of Picea abies in response to the artificial inoculation of Heterobasidion parviporum
Authors: Durodola Blessing , Blumenstein Kathrin , Terhonen Eeva 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Norway spruce Picea abies is one of Europe's most economically important tree species. However, it is highly susceptible to the root rot fungus Heterobasidion parviporum. Climate change will benefit the pathogen as the tree host is weakened by, e.g., extended drought. Breeding can improve forest health, and several root rot genetic markers are suggested to improve the resistance of Norway spruce. This study aimed to compare the resistance (here defined as necrosis length) of Norway spruce families and genotypes against two strains of H. parviporum under different water availabilities. Our results show that the family and the genotype within have an impact on the necrosis length that is related to the aggressiveness of the fungal strains. Under low water conditions, the necrosis increased only in horizontal directions in phloem and sapwood. Similarly, the growth was not disturbed by abiotic stress (less water), indicating that the stress level (drought) was too low in this setting. The knowledge gained in this study could improve forest health in the changing climate by understanding the response of Norway spruce to pathogenic attacks under additional stress at the family level. This knowledge could be strategically used in forest breeding to improve the resistance of Norway spruce trees against root rot.
Anastomosis within and between networks of Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833 is influenced by mode of action and concentration of fungicides
Authors: Rodriguez-Morelos Victor Hugo , Calonne-Salmon Maryline , Declerck Stéphane 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi play key roles in soil fertility of agroecosystems. They develop dense extraradical mycelial (ERM) networks via mechanisms such as hyphal anastomosis. These connections between hyphae can be affected by agricultural practices such as the use of fungicides, but how these compounds affect anastomosis formation within and more importantly between networks of the same AM fungal strain remains poorly unexplored. Here, the impact of azoxystrobin, pencycuron, flutolanil, and fenpropimorph at 0.02 and 2 mg L−1 were tested in vitro on the anastomosis formation within and between networks of Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL41833. Azoxystrobin and fenpropimorph had a particularly detrimental impact, at the highest concentration (2 mg L−1), on the number of anastomosis within and between networks, and for fenpropimorph in particular at both concentrations (0.02 and 2 mg L−1), on the number of anastomosis per length of hyphae. Curiously fenpropimorph at 0.02 mg L−1 significantly stimulated spore production, while with azoxystrobin, the reverse was observed at 2 mg L−1. The two other fungicides, pencycuron and flutolanil had no detrimental effects on spore production or anastomosis formation within and between networks. These results suggest that fungicides with different modes of action and concentrations differentially impact anastomosis possibly by altering the hyphal tips of AM fungi and may thus affect the capacity of AM fungi to develop large hyphae networks exploring and exploiting the soil at the service of plants.
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Diagnosis of Oesophageal and Gastric Cancers – A Single Centre Study
Authors: Aoko Olufemi , Harewood G. , Doherty R. , Boland K. , Ryan J. , Cheriyan D. , Patchett S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Due to a huge focus of healthcare resources on acute COVID-19 care during the early phase of the pandemic, endoscopy activity worldwide was significantly reduced. This subsequently led to a reduction in the number of Oesophageal and Gastric cancers diagnosed during this period, resulting in delayed diagnosis.
AIM
To measure the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of Oesophageal and Gastric cancers in a single tertiary referral centre.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study. Patients were divided into three groups based on the period of diagnosis. Period A represented October 2019 – March 2020, B represented April 2020-June 2020, and C represented July 2020-October 2020. Patients were then further subdivided based on the stage of the cancer at diagnosis.
RESULTS
A total of 153 patients diagnosed between October 2019 and October 2020 were included. The mean age was 69.4. During period B, which correlates with the early phase of the pandemic, and reduced endoscopy activity, there was a reduction in the number of cancers diagnosed. 66 patients (43.1%) were diagnosed in Period A, 25 (16.3%) in Period B and 62 (40.5%) in Period C. In respect to Period B, in comparison to the same period in 2019, 40 patients were diagnosed. There was also an increase in the number of cancers diagnosed at an advanced stage in Period C, correlating with the recovery/decelerating phase of the first wave of the pandemic.
CONCLUSION
This study highlights the risk associated with delayed diagnosis of Upper GI Cancers due to the pandemic.
Modeling the dispersion of traffic-derived black carbon emissions into hilly terrain
Authors: Singh Sameer , Gokhale Sharad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study examines hilly terrain’s effect on black carbon (BC) dispersion. The apportionment of distinct sources obtained by a two-component mixing model (Aethalometer: AE-33) using improved radiative transfer equations showed the dominance of traffic-derived black carbon (BCFF) emissions in the study region. The AERMOD was used to model BC emissions from moving traffic as line source and parking lot as area source using observational and WRF-processed meteorology for the winter (Jan to Mar 2020). The model results showed that the BC levels substantially vary with local meteorological conditions, traffic volume, and composition. The hilly terrain obstructs the winds and develops a negative pressure loading to a vacuum on the other side of the hills, which promotes the accumulation of emissions, causing high BC concentrations. The pockets of higher concentration were seen at the locations where steep slopes were associated with low winds (<1 m-s−1) and hill fogs. The AERMOD model, after statistical evaluation against the observational datasets, has been applied to study the reduction in BCFF concentrations due to the implementation of Indian emission norms as mitigation measures, i.e., BS-IV (equivalent to Euro 4) and BS-VI (equivalent to Euro 6). It was found that the BCFF concentrations for BS-IV and BS-VI reduced by 35% and 75%, respectively. The model was also used to study the contribution of the different vehicular categories to BC concentration.