bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nothing about us, without us: is for us
Authors: Rahman Aamnah , Nawaz Salma , Khan Eisha , Islam Shahid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Public Participation Involvement Engagement (PPIE) is now strongly encouraged across health policy and research. Coproduction, although linked to PPIE is a way of working that can be applied to work collaboratively with participants in health. However, a lack of definition which leads to interchangeable terminology, limited guidance and examples of good practice on how to facilitate the process impedes progress. The Born in Bradford (BiB) research programme consists of a family of observational and longitudinal birth cohort studies (Raynor et al. in BMC Public Health 8:1–13, 2008; Dickerson et al. in BMC Public Health 16(1):1–14, 2016) which include participants from multi-ethnic and socially diverse backgrounds (Uphoff et al. in Int J Equity Health 12:1–12, 2013).

Methods
This paper aims to highlight our approach to PPIE and coproduction methodologies, to provide an outline of the methods we have utilised to work collaboratively with our cohort populations from diverse communities and how we have managed to overcome challenges to achieve successful PPIE.A secondary aim of this paper is to demonstrate the value of PPIE and coproduction and how it can enhance research. Some examples from recent years are provided to demonstrate how useful the approach has been for BiB community engagement and community participation. In addition, we discuss the methods we have used and how this methodology has now been embedded into protocol and practice in our research.

Results
Successful and productive PPIE and coproduction occur where stakeholders are taken on board and realise the impact that their involvement can have in terms of policy design and delivery.

Conclusions
The involvement of participants and the community in research about them becomes more credible when equal partnerships are formed and they are involved in the whole process leading to community ownership of research. Hence, nothing about us, without us—is for us.
Quality of the diet during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin-American countries
Authors: Durán-Agüero Samuel , Ortiz Alfonsina , Pérez-Armijo Patricio , Vinueza-Veloz María Fernanda , Ríos-Castillo Israel , Camacho-Lopez Saby , Cavagnari Brian M. , Nava-González Edna J. , Carpio-Arias Valeria , Cordón-Arrivillaga Karla , Mauricio-Alza Saby , Roncancio Jhon Jairo Bejarano , Nuñez-Martínez Beatríz , González-Medina Gabriel , Ivancovich Sonia , Meza-Miranda Eliana Romina , Landaeta-Díaz Leslie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives
The confinement by COVID-19 has affected the food chain and environments, which added to factors such as anxiety, frustration, fear and stress have modified the quality of the diet in the population around the world. The purpose of this study was to explore diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin American countries.

Methodology
Multicentric, cross-sectional study. An online survey was applied to residents of 11 Latin-American countries, during April and May 2020, when confinement was mandatory. Diet quality was evaluated using a validated questionnaire.

Result
10,573 people participated in the study. The quality of the food by country shows that Colombia presented the best quality, while Chile and Paraguay presented the lowest. When comparing the overall results of diet quality by gender, schooling and age, women, people with more schooling and people under 30 years of age, presented better diet quality. The regression model showed that the variables associated with diet quality were: age (df = 3, F = 4. 57, p < 0.001), sex (df = 1, F = 131.01, p < 0.001), level of education (df = 1, F = 38.29, p < 0.001), perception of weight change (df = 2, F = 135.31, p < 0.001), basis services (df = 1, F = 8.63, p = 0.003), and quarantine (df = 1, F = 12.14, p = 0.001).

Conclusion
It is necessary for governments to intervene to reverse these indicators, considering that inadequate feeding favors the appearance of no communicable diseases, which favor a higher risk of infection and worse prognosis with COVID-19.
Ultrafast Raman fiber laser: a review and prospect
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Pan Weiwei , Qi Weiao , Cao Xinru , Cheng Zhi , Feng Yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUltrafast Raman fiber laser has been proved to be an effective method to obtain ultrafast optical pulses at special wavelength. Yet, compared with conventional rare-earth doped counterparts, it is challenging for Raman fiber lasers to generate pulses with high pulse energy and short pulse duration. Here, we review three categories of ultrafast Raman fiber laser technologies and give detailed discussions on the advantages and challenges of each. In regards to mode-locking, different saturable-absorbers-based fiber lasers are compared and their common problem resulting from long cavity length are discussed. In terms of synchronously-pumping, several approaches to match the repetition rate of pulsed pump with the length of Raman fiber cavity are discussed, while the technical complexity of each method is analyzed. Moreover, the recently developed technology termed as nonlinear optical gain modulation (NOGM) is introduced, which turns out to be a simple and quality solution to generate high-energy femtosecond pulses with wavelength agility. Compared with the others, NOGM gathers various advantages including simple structure, long-term stability, high pulse energy and short pulse duration, which may effectively promote application expansion of ultrafast Raman fiber laser in the near future.
Complement C3 as a potential NAFLD predictor in an Egyptian cohort with diabetes and/or obesity
Authors: Ragab Halla M. , El Maksoud Nabila Abd , Amin Mona A. , Elaziz Wafaa Abd 
Published: August 2022

AbstractComplement system is becoming increasingly recognized as being intimately tied to obesity and other various metabolic abnormalities linked to it and may be involved in NAFLD. The goal of this study was to see if complement C3 might be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in NAFLD patients. Forty-one NAFLD patients and fourteen age- and gender-matched control individuals were enrolled in this study. All subjects were subjected to abdominal ultrasound examination and clinical assessment with special emphasis on the liver function enzymes, blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and kidney function tests. Non-invasive assessment of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis has evolved using serology-based scoring systems such as the Fibrosis-4 score and NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS). Additionally, serum levels of complement C3 were determined by the ELISA method. In this study, BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and NFS were all substantially higher in NAFLD patients compared to healthy controls. Moreover, complement C3 was considerably higher in NAFLD cases (1.52±0.29 g/L) vs. healthy controls (0.93±0.289 g/L) (p<0.001). Compared to lean people (0.93±0.29 g/L), the mean complement C3 levels were significantly higher in obese diabetes (1.69±0.29 g/L), obese non-diabetic (1.48±0.174 g/L), and diabetic non-obese patients (1.36±0.28 g/L). Using a cutoff for complement C3 1.135 (g/L) for distinguishing NAFLD patients from healthy controls has a sensitivity of 90.2% and specificity of 78.6%. In conclusion, serum complement C3 may be useful in the identification of fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Moreover, complement C3 may be a promising tool for predicting the worsening of liver inflammation.
Significance of the mathematically calculated red cell indices in patients with qualitative and quantitative hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Ahmed Heba A. , Khaled Safaa A. A. , Fahmy Eman M. , Mohammed Nesreen A. , Mahmoud Hamdy F. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemoglobinopathies represent a set of inherited red blood cell (RBCs) disorders, characterized by abnormal hemoglobin molecule. They include qualitative and quantitative hemoglobinopathies, with a structurally abnormal globin chain in the first and defective production in the later. This study assessed, for the first time, the significance of the mathematically calculated RBC indices to identify patients with hemoglobinopathies from normal subjects or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and to differentiate various types of hemoglobinopathies from each other.

Subjects and methods
The study was a comparative hospital based and included 167 participants with hemoglobinopathies (group 1) and 49 participants with IDA (group 2) as an active comparator. Another 50 healthy volunteers (group 3) were also included. All participants were subjected to medical history, clinical examination, CBC, and HPLC. Next, 10 RBC indices were mathematically calculated from the CBC for each participant.

Results
Gender analysis shows that females represent 36.8% in thalassemia group, 42% in sickle cell disease (SCD) group, and 71.4% in IDA group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve shows that Ehsani index (EI) is the most reliable screening tool for thalassemics because of showing the highest Youden index and specificity of 41.88% and 88.89%, respectively, followed by Shine and Lal index (SL), with Youden index (YI) value, specificity, and sensitivity equal to 39.78%, 69.70%, and 70.09%, respectively. Similar results were found for IDA. For SCD, SL index is the most suitable screening tool. In conclusion, the mathematically calculated RBC indices are available, cheap, reliable, and sensitive tools for screening patients with hemoglobinopathies.
The Obfuscation of Native American Presence in the French Atlantic: Natchez Indians in Saint Domingue, 1731–1791
Authors: Smyth Noel E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn 1731 a French army in colonial Louisiana enslaved hundreds of Natchez families and shipped them to Saint-Domingue where they mostly disappear from the written records. This article analyzes tantalizing clues about Natchez families and other Native American slaves on the island during the eighteenth century. By examining slave runaway advertisements, rather than the official records of colonial administrators, it becomes clear that there were hundreds, if not thousands of slaves with Native American ancestry in Saint-Domingue by 1791. Neither the violence of slavery nor the violence of the archive itself can erase the tenacious survival of Natchez people and other Native Americans on the island. In addition to theorizing about the experiences of Natchez slaves, this article suggests that historians can no longer discount the contributions and experiences of Native American people to the history of Saint-Domingue and to the creation of Haiti.
Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Perfluoroalkyl Ketones via Perfluoroalkylation of Esters Using HFC-23 and HFC-125 under a KHMDS–Triglyme System
Authors: Fujihira Yamato , Iwasaki Hiroto , Sumii Yuji , Adachi Hiroaki , Kagawa Takumi , Shibata Norio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are widely used as cooling agents in refrigerators and air conditioners and as solvents in industrial processes. However, their application has been restricted by their high global warming potential. Thus, strategies for HFC decomposition and effective utilization are urgently required. Herein, we describe a method for the chemical transformation of two HFCs, viz. HFC-23 and HFC-125, based on the continuous-flow perfluoroalkylation of esters to synthesize the pharmaceutically and agrochemically vital trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl ketones. The combination of a potassium base and a glyme solvent system is found to be the most effective. The proposed method is attractive for industrial use because it allows the consumption of a large volume of HFCs, promotes the synthesis of high-value medicinal compounds, and serves as an ideal alternative to the current HFC decomposition processes like thermal plasma treatment.
Middle mesial root canals in mandibular molars: prevalence and correlation to anatomical aspects based on CBCT imaging
Authors: Barros-Costa Matheus , Ferreira Matheus Diniz , Costa Felipe Ferreira , Freitas Deborah Queiroz 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of middle mesial root canal (MMC) in a Brazilian subpopulation, verify whether its presence is related to anatomical characteristics of the tooth, and propose a classification using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT scans of 284 patients were evaluated by 2 radiologists to determine the presence of the MMC in mandibular first and second molars. Subsequently, the mesiodistal and buccolingual measurements of the mesial roots were obtained; the measurements between the root canals, and from MMC to the mesiobuccal canal and to the mesiolingual canal were also obtained. The MMC was classified according to its relationship with mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals. The data were analyzed using χ2 and Fisher’s exact test, multiple logistic regression analysis, Student’s t-test, κ and intraclass correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). Results: The intraexaminer agreements for the presence of the MMC and the measurements were considered almost perfect (0.953 and 0.999, respectively). Of 216 mandibular first molars, 11.1% had the MMC, and of 228 mandibular second molars, only 1.75% had the MMC. The presence was significant higher in the mandibular first molar (p < 0.0001). The buccolingual measurement and the measurement between mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals were higher in teeth with MMC (p = 0.024 and p = 0.005, respectively). It was possible to classify the configuration of MCC into four types: independent (60.7%), confluent (14.3%), mesiolingual confluent (14.3%), and mesiobuccal confluent (10.7%). Conclusions: The prevalence of MMC is more pronounced in mandibular first molars and anatomical measurements, such as greater measurement between mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals, may alert clinicians to its presence. It was found four types of configurations of MMC.
Prediction performance of serum placental growth factor (PLGF) human chorionic gonadotropin β (β-hCG) and PAPP-A levels in early pregnancy for pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Guo Xiao , Wang Feng , Li Jing , Guo Zhankun , Wang Jing 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To investigate the prediction performance of serum placental growth factor (PLGF), free human chorionic gonadotropin β (β-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels in early pregnancy for pregnancy outcomes.
Methods: A total of 4256 pregnant women who underwent obstetric examinations in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 and completed their full pregnancy were included in the study. The clinical pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women with different PLGF, PAPP-A and β-hCG levels in early pregnancy were recorded, and the prediction performance of the above indicators for adverse pregnancy outcomes was discussed.
Results: Pregnant women with increased or decreased PLGF or increased PAPP-A or β-hCG had significantly higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes than normal pregnant women. Pregnant women with abnormal pregnancy had significantly higher β-hCG and PLGF, and lower PAPP-A than those with normal pregnancy. The sensitivity of serum PLGF, β-hCG and PAPP-A in early pregnancy for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes was 95.13%, 94.19% and 97.75%, and the specificity was 84.31%, 85.80% and 83.22%, respectively.
Conclusions: Serum PLGF, PAPP-A and β-hCG in early pregnancy are more effective in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes. Clinical monitoring of patients with increased PLGF, decreased PAPP-A, and increased β-hCG should be strengthened, especially the monitoring of antepartum examination and B-ultrasound detection of pregnant women with abnormal indicators in middle and late pregnancy, so as to identify adverse pregnancy outcomes as early as possible and give targeted intervention.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5248
How to cite this:Guo X, Wang F, Li J, Guo Z, Wang J. Prediction performance of serum placental growth factor (PLGF) human chorionic gonadotropin β (β-hCG) and PAPP-A levels in early pregnancy for pregnancy outcomes. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5248
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The effects of Anisodamine-Tirofiban Combined Therapy in acute myocardial infarction treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
Authors: Jiao Yan , Fu Xiaoying , Liu Qingxin , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2022

Objectives: To study the effects of anisodamine-tirofiban combined therapy on cardiac function and serological expression of serum NGF and ESM-1 in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: Eighty patients with myocardial infarction treated in Cangzhou Medical College, Hebei, China from February 2015 to April 2017 were selected and divided into the control group and the research group according to the principle of random draw, 40 patients per group. The patients in the control group received symptomatic routine treatment, while the patients in the research group received anisodamine-tirofiban combined therapy on the top of symptomatic routine treatment. Differences between the two groups in TIMI flow grades, cardiac function, levels of NGF and ESM-1 and adverse response were observed.
Results: The recovery of cardiac function in the research group was statistically significant with P value (p<0.05) and better than the control group in TIMI flow grades, myocardial perfusion capacity and cardiac function. The serological indicators in the research group had a higher level of NGF and a lower level of ESM-1 than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). In terms of safety, neither group showed significant hepatorenal disorders.
Conclusion: The combined treatment of anisodamine-tirofiban in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can recover NGF and ESM-1 related proteins, improve postoperative myocardial perfusion, and accelerate the recovery of cardiac function. It is worth promoting in clinic.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5410
How to cite this:Jiao Y, Fu X, Liu Q, Zhang W. The effects of Anisodamine-Tirofiban Combined Therapy in acute myocardial infarction treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.7.5410
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Leverage Factor: Credit Cycles and Asset Returns
Authors: Davis Josh , Taylor Alan M. 
Published: August 2022

Research has found strong links between past credit booms and adverse outcomes for macroeconomic aggregates like output and investment. However, are price impacts also seen more widely in broad asset classes such as equity and fixed-income markets? We document such a robust and significant connection using a large sample of historical data for many advanced countries since 1870. Credit boom periods with a high “leverage factor” tend to be predictably followed by unusually low returns to risky equities, in absolute terms and relative to a safe fixed-income portfolio. Fixed income is a safe haven at these times and has slightly higher than normal returns. We show these properties hold in-sample and out-of-sample. Return predictability because of the leverage factor is distinct from that because of momentum (lagged return) and value (cashflow relative to price). Trading strategies built on the leverage factor accrue meaningful excess profits out-of-sample. This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.
Technical Note—The Elliptical Potential Lemma for General Distributions with an Application to Linear Thompson Sampling
Authors: Hamidi Nima , Bayati Mohsen 
Published: August 2022

A General Elliptical Potential Lemma In sequential learning and decision-making problems, the elliptical potential lemma is a key technique to quantify the decrease in the uncertainty of the model as more observations are obtained. However, it requires the observation noise and prior distribution of the unknown parameters to be Gaussian. In “The Elliptical Potential Lemma for General Distributions with an Application to Linear Thompson Sampling,” N. Hamidi and M. Bayati introduce a general version of the elliptical potential lemma that relaxes the Gaussian assumption. They also apply their general lemma to prove a minimax optimal Bayesian regret bound for the well-known Thompson sampling algorithm in stochastic linear bandits with changing action sets where prior and noise distributions are general.
Aneuk Jamee traditional foods in the South Aceh District, Indonesia
Authors: SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI , NURAINAS NURAINAS , TAUFIQ AHMAD , HARMAWAN TISNA , SUWARDI ADI BEJO 
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Syamsuardi, Nurainas, Taufiq A, Harmawan T, Suwardi AB. 2021. Aneuk Jamee traditional foods in the South Aceh District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 443-454. The traditional foods of the Aneuk Jamee Tribe have a long history and unique traditions passed down for thousands of years. However, a lack of information about indigenous and traditional foods of the Aneuk Jamee Tribe will lead to a decline in local knowledge of traditional foods, particularly among the younger generation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variety of Aneuk Jamee traditional foods in the South Aceh District of Indonesia. The study was conducted in South Aceh, Indonesia, Labuhan Haji Timur, Kota Bahagia, and Kluet Selatan Sub-districts. The study involved 90 respondents (30 from each sub-district) chosen at random. The interview was conducted using a questionnaire covering the respondents' backgrounds, traditional food names, food composition, mode of preparation, and uses. As a result, 52 Aneuk Jamee's traditional foods were identified from three sub-districts of South Aceh District, including 41 types of traditional cuisine and 11 types of traditional snacks. All respondents recognised Gulai ciik minyak, Gulai taleh, Gulai paku, Gulai cabadak, Gulai kabau, Gulai kambieng, Gulai ikan panjang, Gulai kitang, Kue kakareh, Limpieng sagu, and Limpieng ubi as Aneuk Jamee traditional foods. On the other hand, less than 20% of respondents were familiar with other traditional foods, such as Lamang ubi. The Aneuk Jamee Tribe has an excellent system for passing down traditional knowledge from generation to generation. Fifty-six plant species consisting of 47 genera and 28 families were used as Aneuk Jamee traditional food. The Aneuk Jamee Tribe prepares various foods from various plant species to maintain their health and contribute to household income and conservation efforts.