bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Stewardship of Clostridioides difficile Testing with EMR and Provider Phone Calls
Authors: Joslin Joseph , Ablah Elizabeth , Okut Hayrettin , Bricker Lauren , Assi Maha 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Modern laboratory techniques cannot differentiate between Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) colonization and infection. Therefore, testing must be clinically indicated. To reduce hospital-onset of C. difficile infections (HO-CDI), Ascension Via Christi-Wichita (AVC-Wichita) intervened in three stages by introducing: 1) a C. difficile testing algorithm, 2) an electronic medical record (EMR)-based decision support system to enforce said algorithm, and 3) phone calls from the infection prevention department to providers to discontinue tests not collected within 24 hours of the order. The goal of this study was to determine if these interventions improved the HO-CDI rate.
Methods. At AVC-Wichita, the three study periods were compared: baseline with algorithm training only, the EMR intervention, and the EMR intervention with additional phone calls (EMR + phone calls). Data were abstracted from the hospital EMR.
Results. 311 charts were reviewed. Adherence to the algorithm increased from 34% at baseline to 52% after the EMR intervention (p=0.010). During the EMR + phone calls time-period, more tests were discontinued (87%, n=39) compared to baseline (54%, n=15) and EMR (54%, n=15, p=0.003). The HO-CDI rate ranged from 8.5 cases per 10,000 patient-days at baseline, to 7.9 during EMR, to 4.0 during EMR + Phone calls (p=0.007).
Conclusions. The EMR and EMR + phone call interventions were associated with a significant decrease in the HO-CDI rate and an increase in provider adherence to the algorithm.
Treatment History as a Predictor for Change in Visual Acuity After Surgical Correction of Diabetic Retinal Traction Detachment
Authors: Unruh Zachary , Ablah Elizabeth , Okut Hayrettin , Chacko David 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Tractional retinal detachment remains a leading cause of severe, persistent vision loss in those with diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors in treatment history associated with outcomes of surgical repair for diabetic tractional retinal detachments.
Methods. A retrospective, cohort study design was used. Sixty-four eyes that underwent surgical correction for diabetic tractional retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. For eyes that received any treatment within three months of surgery, the entire treatment history was recorded and analyzed. Eyes with no recorded treatment or only remote treatment outside of three months prior to surgery were considered treatment naïve.
Results. Of all eyes, 56% (n=36) had received treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the three months prior to surgery. Among those treated, 50% (n=18) of eyes had both laser and bevacizumab (Avastin) treatments and 44% (n=16) had only bevacizumab injections. One eye received only laser photocoagulation, and one eye received ranibizumab (Lucentis) injections.
Average BCVA for all eyes improved from 1.68 LogMAR (20/1000) pre-operatively to 1.34 (20/400) post-operatively, p=0.0017. Average BCVA in eyes with pre-operative treatment history improved from 1.73 (20/1000) pre-operatively to 1.09 (20/250) post-operatively, p=0.0006. Average BCVA in treatment-naïve eyes was 1.60 (20/800) pre-operatively and 1.66 (20/1000) post-operatively, p=0.638. Eyes treated only with intravitreal injections had an improvement in BCVA from 1.81 (20/1200) pre-operatively to 0.91 (20/160) post-operatively, p=0.006. There was no difference between tamponade agents when comparing mean change in BCVA, p=0.944.
Conclusions. Bivariate analyses suggest there is a relationship between intravitreal injection treatment history and a large improvement in BCVA, and a similar association between combined laser/injection treatment history and improvement in BCVA. These relationships, however, were not present when controlling for confounders in multivariate analysis. There are likely other factors in the patient’s treatment history such as timing, quantity, and order of treatments that play a role in the bivariate association observed in this study.
Malignant neoplasms of the skin in recipients after kidney transplant: is the cancellation of immunosuppressive therapy inevitable?
Authors: Perlin D. V. , Shmanev A. O. , Perlina A. D. , Terentiev A. V. , Kulikov P. A. 
Published: May 2022

Background. With a constant increase in the number of renal transplant recipients and an increase in their life expectancy, the number of complications associated with immunosuppressive therapy is progressively increasing. The incidences of oncological diseases are approximately 100 times higher than the incidence in the general population. Skin neoplasms constitute a significant part of oncological diseases after kidney transplantation.Materials and methods. In our clinic in the period from 2010 to 2017, four patients with malignant neoplasms of the skin were observed. Three of them developed Kaposi’s sarcoma in the period from 6 months to 6 years after kidney transplantation, one was diagnosed with squamous cell skin cancer 10 years after the operation.Results. After histological verification, excision of neoplasms was performed in two cases, followed by a decrease in the dosage of immunosuppressive drugs; in one case, a complete conversion of immunosuppressive therapy was performed. During therapy, stabilization of the condition was noted, however, further deterioration in the function of the graft was noted, which led to the loss of kidney function and removal of the grafts. A patient with basal cell skin cancer underwent surgical treatment with a course X-ray radiation, but further progression led to the death of the patient.Conclusion. Kidney transplant patients are at high risk of developing skin malignancies and death from cancer. Early detection of the disease and complete withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs – calcineurin inhibitors, despite the high probability of loss of graft function are still often remain necessary conditions for the treatment of patients with skin malignant neoplasms.
La economía social solidaria como agente de activación económica en tiempos de pandemia del COVID-19
Authors: Binns-Hernández Henry 
Published: May 2022

El propósito de las economías emergentes como la social solidaria y la colaborativa, buscan a través de los emprendimientos, alcanzar un enfoque social, proporcionando diferentes fuentes de empleo, comercialización de los bienes y servicios a un precio justo, eliminando la intermediación en la cadena de producción; permitiendo generar valor y ventajas competitivas de las cuales no se contaban en el pasado.
Los modelos de las economías de los países están en constante cambio y adaptación a las nuevas necesidades de las diferentes poblaciones, es aquí en donde emergen una serie de economías, cuyo fin persiguen un espíritu solidario en pro del beneficio primeramente de las personas y posterior del lucro. Las iniciativas de economía colaborativas y la economía social solidaria, son dos de las nuevas y emergentes modelos de economías que están adoptando los países, con el objetivo de llegar a poblaciones vulnerables y algunas veces confinadas al olvido por agentes de Gobierno.
El repunte de los índices de pobreza y desempleo en los países a nivel del mundo agravado por el COVID-19, se traducir en un incremento en el índice de delincuencia, así como cierres de empresas. Es aquí en donde el incentivo por parte de las autoridades de gobierno mediante financiamiento y los actores participantes juegan un papel importante en la generación de nuevos modelos de negocios que desemboquen en nuevos emprendimientos asociados a la reinvención y encadenamientos en las economías nacionales que sirvan de agentes de activación económica.
Diseño interdisciplinario de un sistema de sensado de CO2 para enfrentar la pandemia en los espacios cerrados del Tecnológico de Costa Rica
Authors: Cordero-Picado Kristel , Monge-Sanabria Raquel Natalia , Segura-Vargas Cristel Diane , Morales-Hernández Sergio 
Published: May 2022

Ante la problemática por COVID-19 que enfrenta el mundo se vuelve necesaria la búsqueda de estrategias de bajo costo para garantizar la salud de las personas, al mismo tiempo que se reactivan las actividades económicas, educativas y sociales que se vieron seriamente perjudicadas. Conforme avanzan las investigaciones en torno a este virus se descubrió la relación entre la probabilidad de transmisión de COVID-19 y la calidad del aire interior, indicando que las partículas del virus se pueden acumular con mayor facilidad en espacios donde la ventilación y la calidad de aire son deficientes.
En el presente artículo se describen las metodologías implementadas desde diferentes disciplinas para el diseño de un sistema, que se compone de un circuito, una carcasa y una aplicación de escritorio. El diseño de este sistema permitirá el monitoreo de las variables de la calidad del aire en las aulas y laboratorios del Tecnológico de Costa Rica, al advertir cuando los espacios tienen mala calidad del aire, y por ende se debe ventilar el lugar.
Key Parameters of Surrounding Rock Roof Cutting and Pressure Relief Control in Soft Rock Roof Roadway of Deep Mine Stope and Its Engineering Application
Authors: Chang Jucai , Xiong Tenggen , Qi Chao , Li Chuanming , Pang Dongdong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the movement and failure law of working face overburden and the distribution characteristics of mining stress are analyzed using laboratory test and numerical calculation methods to address the problems of large deformation, failure instability, and difficult maintenance of the soft rock roof roadways of deep stope influenced by strong disturbance, the roof gas comprehensive treatment roadway of 17191 (1) working face of Pansan mine of China Huainan Mining Group was considered as the engineering background. The deformation and failure mechanisms of the surrounding rock in soft rock roof roadway are revealed, the surrounding rock control technology of presplitting and roof cutting pressure relief is proposed, and the key parameters of presplitting and roof cutting are systematically studied. According to the results, after mining, the overburden presents the distribution of “upper three zones,” in which the heights of the caving and fracture zones are 7 m and 38 m, respectively, the influence range of lateral mining abutment pressure is 80 m, and the influence height exceeds 42 m. The roadway is located in the same layer as the fracture zone and within the influence range of mining. Under the influence of overburden migration of the working face, the stress field around the roadway, and the mining stress field, the surrounding rock of the roof roadway is significantly damaged, and the floor heave is violent. Based on the stress distribution characteristics of the stope and the deformation mechanism of the roadway, the pressure relief control technology of surrounding rock presplitting roof cutting is proposed. The optimal values of key parameters are determined as the roof cutting height of 49.9 m, the roof cutting angle of 10°, and the blast hole spacing of 10 m. The results of this study have been successfully applied in 17191 (1) working face.
A diamond voltage imaging microscope
Authors: McCloskey Daniel , Dontschuk Nikolai , Stacey Alastair , Pattinson Charlie , Nadarajah Athavan , Hall Liam , Hollenberg Lloyd , Prawer Steven , Simpson David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Technologies that capture the complex electrical dynamics occurring in biological systems, across fluid membranes and at solid-liquid interfaces drive fundamental understanding and innovation in diverse fields from neuroscience to energy storage. However, the capabilities of existing voltage imaging techniques utilizing micro-electrode arrays, scanning probes, or optical fluorescence methods are respectively limited by resolution, scan speed, and photostability. Here we develop an optoelectronic voltage imaging system which overcomes these limitations by using charge-sensitive fluorescent reporters embedded within a transparent semiconducting diamond device. Electrochemical tuning of the diamond surface termination enables photostable optical voltage imaging with a quantitative linear response at biologically relevant voltages and timescales. This technology represents a major step toward label-free, large-scale, and long-term voltage recording of physical and biological systems with sub-micron resolution.
Enzymatic production of sustainable jojoba fatty alcohols. Biorefinery approach
Authors: Bouaid Abderrahim , Tardon Natalia , Hurtado Olivia , Marchetti Jorge Mario 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

To evaluate jojoba oil (JO) in high-added-value products, a new biorefinery strategy was used, consisting of enzymatic transesterification employing a branched 2-ethylhexanol (EH) chain alcohol. The suggested biorefinery approach utilizes an integrated process to produce jojobyl alcohols (JA) mixture (11-eicosenol, 13-docosenol, and 15-tetracosenol) as the principal product for pharmaceutical applications. Since it meets the European Biodiesel Standard EN 14214, the remaining fraction of fatty acid ethyl-hexyl esters (FAEHE) could be a potential alternative to traditional fuels.Factorial design (FD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to investigate and improve the effects of variables such as temperature and catalyst concentration on the production of both fractions. The derived models can be used to estimate the best operating parameters for an up-scaled industrial process with the least number of tests possible, resulting in cost savings. However, from a technical perspective, the best feasible yield for the more valuable JA fraction should be achieved, using a catalyst concentration of 5.7%, a temperature of 63°C, and a 6:1 alcohol/oil molar ratio. Conversion rates of 63.5% and 36% for JA and FAEHE, respectively, could be produced under these conditions. The crystallization method was used to separate JA from FAEHE. The MTT test was used to assess in vitro cell viability in HEK293T cells. The findings revealed that a 1 μmolL-1 oily liquid mixture of jojobyl alcohols components (cis-11-eicosenol, cis-13-docosenol, and cis-15-tetracosenol) had no influence on cell cycle progression, has no harmful impacts in the examined cells, and could be employed as a therapeutic compound.The product preparation is a green engineering process that is clean, solvent-free, and uses a highly selective catalyst to reduce water and energy utilization, as well as the integrated process's downstream processing.
Green Dyeing of Silk and Cotton Fabrics using Acacia nilotica seed pod
Authors: Rasel Zia Uddin , Khatun Halima , Ahmed Firoz , Kadri Jahan , Maitra Bijoy , Saha Barun Kanti , Rabbi Ahasanur 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Natural dyeing is an eco-friendly technique to dye textile fabrics with colors extracted from natural sources like plants, flowers, fruits, minerals, etc. During the last few decades with the increased environmental awareness attention has been paid to natural dye. Worldwide many researchers and research groups are working to develop a better and optimized dyeing process using natural dyes. This research work is concerned with natural dye extraction from Acacia nilotica seed pods and its application for textile dyeing. The extracted dyeing agent was characterized by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. UV-Vis absorbance maximum was found to be 250 nm, confirming the presence of phenolic compounds. Alkaline extract of seed pods was applied on silk and cotton fabrics in presence of mordant and without mordant. The effects of washing and sunlight on dyed silk and cotton fabrics have been studied to investigate the fastness properties. The dyed silk fabrics showed good fastness properties than that of dyed cotton. The dyed fabrics without any metal mordant showed promising washing and light fastness properties. This novel approach for A. nilotica seed pod based dyeing process of silk and cotton fabrics without any mordant could open new paths to green dyeing and be beneficial to the environment.
Unit indicators of the greenhouse effect for CO2 and steam from H2O and their anthropogenic impact on the climate
Authors: Zhmakin Vladimir Maksimovich 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The greenhouse effect from anthropogenic CO2 emissions into the atmosphere is currently determined at the level of expert assessments, and the unit is adopted as a unit for measuring the impact of greenhouse gases on the climate. The article is devoted to the establishment by mathematical methods of physical units of the greenhouse effect for CO2 and steam from H2O and their influence on the climate. The formula of the radiation equilibrium of the surface and atmosphere is derived for the evening time from the formula of the radiation balance of the Earth's surface. Data from Mars Pathfinder on this equilibrium were used to determine the unit greenhouse index for CO2, which was 0.0138 ± 0.001 K m2kg− 1. A similar indicator was found for H2O vapor equal to 0.0696 ± 0.004 K m2kg− 1 based on the difference in temperature and humidity of desert and coastal areas. The integral temperature index of 0.263 ± 0.021 K m2 kg− 1 of H2O vapors was determined by modeling and establishing the relationship between humidity and temperature during statistical processing of meteorological data. The greenhouse effect of CO2 and steam from H2O is insignificant due to the low average content. However, a small anthropogenic increment of CO2 contributes to the formation of a small portion of steam, which increases the temperature by heat transfer and gives a new portion of steam, etc., with an increase in temperature until noon exponentially. The anthropogenic increase in CO2 caused a rising in the H2O vapor content in the atmosphere and from him the near-surface temperature by 1.43 ± 0.11, and for human habitation areas - by 1.55 ± 0.12 K. The results of this work can be used to predict climate change and take measures to neutralize it.
Preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) derived from palm fiber waste: Effect of ozone pretreatment on CMC properties
Authors: Pujokaroni Agustu Sholeh , Ichiura Hideaki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was prepared using cellulose extracted from palm fiber (CPF). The effect of ozone pretreatment on the CMC properties (degree of substitution (DS) and viscosity) was investigated. Cellulose extracted from CPF was treated with ozone, and then CMC was prepared by alkalization followed by etherification using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium monochloroacetic acid (NaMCA) in an alcoholic medium. The DS of CMC increased with increasing ozone pretreatment time, and increasing amounts of NaOH and NaMCA added. Furthermore, the solubility increased with increasing DS. Therefore, the solubility increased with ozone pretreatment time. The optimum conditions were ozone pretreatment for 3 h, followed by the addition of 10 mL of 30% NaOH and 4.5 g of NaMCA. Under these conditions, the DS, purity, and solubility were 1.05, 79.6%, and 94.6%, respectively. The viscosity of CMC prepared using cellulose treated with ozone decreased with increasing ozone pretreatment time, which was due to the reduced degree of polymerization. Therefore, using ozone pretreatment for CMC preparation was an effective method for controlling the CMC properties.
Luffa cylindrica Slow Pyrolysis and Solar Pyrolysis: Impact of Temperature and Heating Rate on Biochar Properties and Iodine Adsorption Performance
Authors: de Souza Pedro Henrique Cabral , Rocha Sônia Denise Ferreira , de Rezende Daniel Bastos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, Luffa cylindrica has been drawing lots of attention in adsorption applications. However, the contaminated biomass needs to be properly disposed. Pyrolysis is a process capable of turning this type of residue into valuable product. Luffa cylindrica pyrolysis produces biochar which has been used as adsorbent for various cationic and organic species. Additionally, the use of solar power to heat the reactor reduces the environmental impact of pyrolysis. In this work, a lab scale solar pyrolizer was built in a 40-dollar budget. This biomass was previously submitted to slow pyrolysis in an electrical reactor at various temperatures (300, 400, and 500 °C) and heating rates (2, 10, and 20 °C.min-1) to access the influence of these parameters on biochar properties. Further, the Luffa sponge sample was submitted to solar pyrolysis. The characterization methods of TG/DTG, FTIR, SEM, and HHV analysis were employed to access biochar properties. Biochar adsorption performance was accessed by iodine adsorption experiments. Highest HHV (29,3 MJ.kg-1) was obtained for the biochar from the 500 °C, 2 °C.min-1 pyrolysis. Maximum iodine adsorption (162,9 mg.g-1) was observed on the biochar produced at 400°C, 2 °C.min-1. Solar biochar had a 24,3 MJ.kg-1 HHV and a Iodine adsorption of 115.2 mg.g-1.
Food waste: causes and economic losses estimation at household level in Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Samina , Malik Aman Ullah , Ullah Muhammad Irfan , Khalid Muhammad Shafique , Javeed Hafiz Muhammad Rashad , Naeem Muhammad Asif , Naseer Aqsa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Food waste is one of the major sustainability issues that need to be addressed due to its huge negative impacts on economy, environment and food security. To develop a food waste reduction policies on regional and global level, it is mandatory to have a clear understanding of the various factors that prompting food waste at household level and the extent of the economic losses incurred by food waste. Reducing food waste can decrease household expenditure on food, freeing resources for health, education and well-being. The current study was aimed to (i) examine the food waste behavior of the respondents and to (ii) determine the level of monetary losses from food waste. To address these objectives a questionnaire survey and sample of food waste generated during 24h were collected from fifty one households in tehsil Kahror Pakka, District Lodhran, Punjab, Pakistan. The survey, focus was on levels of food waste and respondents’ knowledge and behaviors about food waste. Economic estimation of food waste was also done. In the survey, respondents from both high and low income households revealed that their fruit and vegetables (31%; 32%) and peel and scrap (53%; 48%) losses were higher while egg losses (4%; 4%) were lower. Want to eat fresh food and have no time to save food were the reasons for food waste. Monetary losses from food waste (Rs. 3677.01 per capita per annum) were higher in high income households.