bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brightness appearance of self‐luminous stimuli on a non‐uniform background
Authors: Phung Thanh Hang , Kong Xiangzhen , Leloup Frédéric B. , Smet Kevin A. G. , Hanselaer Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractColor appearance models (CAM) generate a set of visual correlates attributed to a stimulus such as hue, brightness, and saturation. However, most of their applicability is limited to stimuli perceived on a uniform background. Additionally, when focusing on brightness, multiple studies have been performed to model the mechanisms of brightness perception of a stimulus on a non‐uniform background. In this paper, experimental data are gathered and the insights of both approaches are combined. The influence of adding a neutral ring‐shaped luminous area in the background of a neutral circular stimulus has been investigated via a series of psychophysics experiments. The ring is presented at three luminance levels (90, 335, 1200 cd/m2) with three thicknesses (0.33, 0.67, and 1.00 cm) at four angular distances to the edge of the stimulus (1.2°, 6.4°, 11.3° and 16.1°). It is observed that when the ring is closer to the stimulus, the brightness inhibition becomes larger; obviously, the impact is also related to the ring's area and luminance. Inspired by the classical CAM, the cone excitations corresponding to the stimulus and the background are inserted in a compression‐adaptation formula to obtain a cone response proportional to the perceived brightness. The semi‐saturation constant occurring in this formula is modelled as a function of the cone excitation, the distance and the width of the ring. The results are overall promising, yet the model shows some shortcomings and more complex weighting functions might be needed. In the future, image‐based approaches should get more attention.
Establishing combination PAC‐1 and TRAIL regimens for treating ovarian cancer based on patient‐specific pharmacokinetic profiles using in silico clinical trials
Authors: Cardinal Olivia , Burlot Chloé , Fu Yangxin , Crosley Powel , Hitt Mary , Craig Morgan , Jenner Adrianne L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer is commonly diagnosed in its late stages, and new treatment modalities are needed to improve patient outcomes and survival. We have recently established the synergistic effects of combination tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) and procaspase activating compound (PAC‐1) therapies in granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary, a rare form of ovarian cancer, using a mathematical model of the effects of both drugs in a GCT cell line. Here, to understand the mechanisms of combined TRAIL and PAC‐1 therapy, study the viability of this treatment strategy, and accelerate preclinical translation, we leveraged our mathematical model in combination with population pharmacokinetics (PKs) models of both TRAIL and PAC‐1 to expand a realistic heterogeneous cohort of virtual patients and optimize treatment schedules. Using this approach, we investigated treatment responses in this virtual cohort and determined optimal therapeutic schedules based on patient‐specific PK characteristics. Our results showed that schedules with high initial doses of PAC‐1 were required for therapeutic efficacy. Further analysis of individualized regimens revealed two distinct groups of virtual patients within our cohort: one with high PAC‐1 elimination and one with normal PAC‐1 elimination. In the high elimination group, high weekly doses of both PAC‐1 and TRAIL were necessary for therapeutic efficacy; however, virtual patients in this group were predicted to have a worse prognosis when compared to those in the normal elimination group. Thus, PAC‐1 PK characteristics, particularly clearance, can be used to identify patients most likely to respond to combined PAC‐1 and TRAIL therapy. This work underlines the importance of quantitative approaches in preclinical oncology.
Multivariate fuzzy logic‐based ad hoc on‐demand distance vector protocol under the impact of node mobility in wireless ad hoc networks
Authors: Mehta Ridhima 
Published: June 2022

SummaryEfficient routing of generated packets through the network with minimal overhead in path discovery and subsequent route maintenance is the fundamental objective required in the modern wireless network operation. Recently, the application of autonomic computational learning techniques for design and optimization of routing protocols in ad hoc networks is substantially gaining the research interest. The commonly deployed soft computing methodology of fuzzy inference system is capable of handling uncertain and imprecise networking information related to the frequently changing states of generic mobile technologies. In this paper, we propose a novel fuzzy logic‐based ad hoc on‐demand distance vector (FL‐AODV) routing protocol employing the multivariate cross‐layer design architecture to optimize the multiple performance parameters in wireless ad hoc networks. This fuzzy optimization framework essentially applies the header length from data link and physical layers, route timeout from network layer, and node mobility speed from application layer as inputs to the fuzzification interface. Besides, bit rate for application layer and communication range parameter for data link layer are scrutinized as the fuzzy outputs derived from the defuzzifier. The designed adaptive routing protocol is extensively assessed through simulation experimental analysis under the varying effects of node mobility conditions. Various network performance attributes including the reception cache hit, packet delivery ratio, packet errors, ping loss rate, mean throughput, and delay are computed and analyzed for comprehensive comparison between the presented fuzzy‐based FL‐AODV and classical AODV routing mechanisms. Finally, we compare our fuzzy routing model with previous algorithms to demonstrate its efficacy in terms of key performance metrics of throughput and delay.
Combined endoscopic mAnagement of BiliaRy and gastrIc OutLET obstruction (CABRIOLET Study): A multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Vanella Giuseppe , Bronswijk Michiel , van Wanrooij Roy LJ , Dell'Anna Giuseppe , Laleman Wim , van Malenstein Hannah , Voermans Rogier P , Fockens Paul , Van der Merwe Schalk , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesCombined biliary obstruction and gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) represent a challenging clinical scenario despite developments in therapeutic endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) as GOO might impair EUS‐guided biliary drainage. Little is known about the effectiveness of different therapeutic combinations used to treat double obstruction, especially regarding stent patency.MethodsAll consecutive patients with double obstruction treated between 2016 and 2021 in three tertiary academic centres were eligible for inclusion. Five combinations involving enteral stenting (ES), EUS‐guided gastroenterostomy (EUS‐GE), hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS), choledochoduodenostomy (EUS‐CDS), and transpapillary biliary stenting (TPS) were evaluated for dysfunction during follow‐up, either as proportions or dysfunction‐free survival (DFS) using Kaplan–Meier estimates.ResultsNinety‐three patients were included (male 46%; age 67 [interquartile range 60–76] years; pancreatic cancer 73%, metastatic 57%), resulting in 103 procedure combinations. Different combinations showed significantly different overall dysfunction rates (p = 0.009), ranging from the null rate of EUS‐GE+HG to the 18% rate of EUS‐GE+TPS, 31% of EUS‐GE+EUS‐CD, 53% of ES+TPS and 83% of ES+EUS‐CDS. Sub‐analyses restricted to biliary dysfunction confirmed these trends. A multivariate Cox proportional‐hazards regression of DFS, a stenosis distal to the papilla (HR 3.2 [1.5–6.9]) and ES+EUS‐CDS (HR 5.6 [2–15.7]) independently predicted dysfunction.ConclusionsDespite a lack of statistical power per combination, this study introduces new associations beyond the increased risk of GOO recurrence with ES versus EUS‐GE. EUS‐CDS showed reduced effectiveness and frequent dysfunction in the context of GOO, especially when combined with ES. EUS‐GE+HGS or EUS‐GE+TPS in this setting might result in superior patency. These results suggest that a prospective evaluation of the optimal endoscopic approach to malignant double obstruction is needed.
Review of potential biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury in diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Khanijou Vuthi , Zafari Neda , Coughlan Melinda T. , MacIsaac Richard J. , Ekinci Elif I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDiabetic kidney disease is expected to increase rapidly over the coming decades with rising prevalence of diabetes worldwide. Current measures of kidney function based on albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate do not accurately stratify and predict individuals at risk of declining kidney function in diabetes. As a result, recent attention has turned towards identifying and assessing the utility of biomarkers in diabetic kidney disease. This review explores the current literature on biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury focussing on studies of single or multiple biomarkers between January 2014 and February 2020. Multiple serum and urine biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury have demonstrated significant association with the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. Of the inflammatory biomarkers, tumour necrosis factor receptor‐1 and ‐2 were frequently studied and appear to hold most promise as markers of diabetic kidney disease. With regards to kidney injury biomarkers, studies have largely targeted markers of tubular injury of which kidney injury molecule‐1, beta‐2‐microglobulin and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin emerged as potential candidates. Finally, the use of a small panel of selective biomarkers appears to perform just as well as a panel of multiple biomarkers for predicting kidney function decline.
The effects of a half century of warming and fire exclusion on montane forests of the Klamath Mountains, California, USA
Authors: Jules Erik S. , DeSiervo Melissa H. , Reilly Matthew J. , Bost Drew S. , Butz Ramona J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClimate warming and altered disturbance regimes are changing forest composition and structure worldwide. Given that species often exhibit individualistic responses to change, making predictions about the cumulative effects of multiple stressors across environmental gradients is challenging, especially in diverse communities. For example, warming temperatures are predicted to drive species upslope, whereas fire exclusion promotes the expansion of species at lower elevations where fire was historically frequent. We resampled 148 vegetation plots to assess 46 years (1969–2015) of species and community‐level response to warming and fire exclusion in a topographically complex landscape in the Klamath Mountains, California, USA, a diverse region that served as a climate refugia throughout the Holocene. We compared cover and assessed change in the elevational distributions of 12 conifer species at different life stages (i.e., seedlings, saplings, canopy). We observed consistent but non‐significant shifts upward in elevation for eight species, and a significant shift upward for one species, all of which were far less than expectations based on recent warming. Six species declined in total cover and another five declined in at least one life stage, whereas the drought‐ and fire‐intolerant Abies concolor increased by 30.7%. The largest declines were at lower elevations in drought‐tolerant, early‐seral species (Pinus lambertiana and Pinus ponderosa) and at higher elevations for the shade‐tolerant Abies magnifica var. shastensis and the regionally rare Abies lasiocarpa. Regionally rare (Picea engelmannii) and endemic (Picea breweriana) species had reductions in early life stages, portending future declines. Multivariate analyses revealed a high degree of inertia with a minor, but significant, shift in composition and a slight decrease in species turnover along the elevation gradient driven by the expansion of A. concolor. Our results indicate that most species are declining, especially at lower and mid‐elevations where fire exclusion has increased the cover of shade‐tolerant species and reduced the recruitment for fire‐adapted species. Collectively, declines in most species, insufficient upward movement to track warming, reductions in drought‐ and fire‐tolerant early‐seral species, and an increase in a single, shade‐tolerant species will leave these communities maladapted to projected climate scenarios and questions the potential for future climate refugia in this region.
Can soil piping impact environment and society? Identifying new research gaps
Authors: Bernatek‐Jakiel Anita , Nadal‐Romero Estela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSoil piping is a widespread, although often overlooked land degradation process. So far, subsurface soil erosion studies have been focused on the importance of soil piping in hydrological and geomorphological processes, and factors controlling piping processes. Nowadays, the environmental changes being caused by the Anthropocene have clearly demonstrated that society depends on soil more than ever before, so the traditional studies of soil erosion processes need to be redefined. In that sense, geomorphologists face to overcome new piping‐related problems. In this article we identify new possible areas of research: (i) soil pipes and pipe collapses (PCs) as natural hazards, (ii) role of soil piping in carbon cycle, (iii) soil pipes and PCs and their relationships with biodiversity, and (iv) piping‐affected areas as geodiversity sites. Only better recognition of natural hazards driven by soil piping, such as land subsidence and degradation, landslides, flooding and off‐site sediment effects may result in better prevention and control measures in piping‐affected areas. Moreover, in the context of Global Change the role of soil piping in carbon cycle should be raised. Land‐use and land‐cover changes, as well as climate change may affect piping dynamics in different morphoclimatic regions and soil loss due to piping may lead to carbon loss. Soil pipes and PCs are closely interlinked with biodiversity, both positively and negatively. Piping erosion may directly and indirectly destroy vegetation and animals, although in some cases piping erosion may create new habitats and provide favourable conditions for some species. However, soil piping is not only an environmental and societal problem, but it may also contribute to the world geodiversity, which is clearly observed in badland sites. Piping erosion may have a significant impact on environment and society, thus further research with new questions is essential to provide knowledge for sustainable development.
Key techniques for classification of thorax diseases based on deep learning
Authors: Zhao Guangzhe , Shao Shuai , Yu Min 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeep learning has recently been widely used in medical image analysis due to its ability to learn complex features in images. An increasing number of deep learning methods has been devoted to the classification of chest X‐ray (CXR) images. Most of the existing deep learning methods are based on classical pretraining models trained by global chest X‐ray images. In this paper, we classify 14 different thorax diseases based on the RE‐DSENet model, which applies the image registration algorithm to the multi‐atlas segmentation model. The experimental results on the ChestX‐ray14 dataset show that the RE‐DSENet's classify‐cation precision of 14 thorax diseases is significantly improved compared with three existing classic algorithms, and the average AUC (area under the ROC curve) score is up to 0.857. RE‐DSENet can also reduce the computations in the classification network and improve the training efficiency. In addition, the focus areas diagnosed by the RE‐DSENet model are visualized in this paper, and the results further prove the effectiveness of the model.
The impact of a clinical pharmacist in an interprofessional intensive care unit recovery clinic providing care to intensive care unit survivors
Authors: Mohammad Rima A. , Eze Chinwe , Marshall Vincent D. , Coe Antoinette B. , Costa Deena Kelly , Thompson Amy , Pitcher Mari , Haezebrouck Evan , McSparron Jakob I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionIntensive care unit (ICU) survivors are vulnerable to further health deterioration and medication‐related problems (MRPs) with a high rate of potentially preventable hospital readmissions and late death. Therefore, it is critical to identify MRPs of ICU survivors post‐hospitalization. ICU‐recovery clinics (ICU‐RCs) have been proposed as a potential mechanism to address the unmet needs of ICU survivors, and pharmacists should be key members of ICU‐RCs.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist in an interprofessional ICU‐RC on MRPs.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in adult ICU survivors with sepsis/septic shock and/or respiratory failure. This study compared MRPs within 6 months of post‐hospital discharge between intervention and control groups. The intervention group included patients who were seen by a pharmacist in an ICU‐RC. MRPs and interventions between initial and 6‐month follow‐up visits in the intervention group were also evaluated.ResultsData were collected for 52 control and 52 intervention patients. There were no significant differences in baseline demographics and hospital characteristics between groups. Eighty‐four MRPs were identified in the control vs 110 in the intervention group (P = .37). Half of patients in control and intervention groups had at least one MRP identified (P = .69). There was a significant decrease in mean number of MRPs at the 6‐month follow‐up visit (3.5 ± 1.7 with initial vs 2.4 ± 1.3 with follow‐up visit; P = .025) in the intervention group. Almost all patients in initial and follow‐up visits had at least one MRP.ConclusionsDedicated ICU‐RC pharmacists in an interprofessional ICU‐RC can assist with addressing and intervening on MRPs which could further impact clinical outcomes in ICU survivors.
Microalga‐ and yeast‐based astaxanthin production via nutrient recovery from wastewater for aquaculture practice: an emerging technology for sustainable development
Authors: Lu Qian , Lu Yujie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicrobial astaxanthin, which is a high‐value antioxidative pigment, has been widely used in aquaculture for pigmentation, immunity enhancement and disease resistance. This novel model is regarded as an emerging way to alleviate environmental pollution and ecological problems. Therefore, cultivation of astaxanthin‐rich microorganisms for aquaculture merits attention of researchers and technicians. This paper presents research progresses in microbial strain screening, astaxanthin formation pathways and inducing conditions. Particularly, two‐stage cultivation, which could effectively improve astaxanthin productivity in microorganisms, is summarized. In addition, the integration of microorganism cultivation with wastewater remediation to simultaneously lower the production cost of astaxanthin and create environmental benefits is discussed. Last but not least, an in‐depth discussion of the effect of extracted astaxanthin or astaxanthin‐rich biomass on fish/shrimp rearing is provided. Based on a literature review and the present authors’ experience in industry, this paper lists some problems, such as safety risks of microbial biomass and potential ecological disasters. Besides, potential solutions and prospects are discussed to promote the further development of astaxanthin‐related industry. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Adult paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria following mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Misawa Kyohei , Yasuda Hajime , Koyama Daisuke , Inano Tadaaki , Inoguchi Akemi , Shirasu Chinami , Takano Hina , Iwao Noriaki , Ando Miki , Koike Michiaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParoxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) is an extremely rare subtype of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in adults. PCH is caused by the biphasic Donath–Landsteiner (DL) antibody which fixes complement to red blood cells at low temperatures and dissociates at warmer temperatures, leading to complement‐mediated intravascular hemolysis. Autoimmune hematological disorders including AIHA and immune thrombocytopenia have been reported to develop following the mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination. However, PCH developing subsequent to mRNA vaccination has never been reported. We report a 59‐year‐old male who developed PCH approximately a month after his second mRNA COVID‐19 vaccination.
Wind wave footprint of tropical cyclones from satellite data
Authors: Cagigal Laura , Méndez Fernando J. , van Vloten Sara O. , Rueda Ana , Coco Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTropical cyclones are associated with extreme winds, waves, and storm surge, being among most destructive natural phenomena. Developing capability for a rapid impact estimate is crucial for coastal applications and risk preparedness. When predicting waves characteristics associated to tropical cyclones, the traditional approach involves a two‐step procedure (a) a Holland‐type wind vortex model and (b) numerical simulations using a wave generation model, using buoy and satellite measurements for validation. In this work, we take advantage of the increasing amount of remote sensing observational data and propose a new empirical model to estimate the wind wave footprint of tropical cyclones. For this purpose, we construct a dataset with over a million satellite observations of waves triggered by tropical cyclones assuming a circular shape of the TC influence area and defining composites of significant wave height as a function of representative parameters of the track characteristics like the minimum pressure, its forward velocity, and its latitude. The validation against buoy data confirms the usefulness of the model for a first and rapid estimation of the wave footprint, although an underestimation of the most extreme events is observed due to the relatively small number of observations recorded. Due to its efficiency, the model can be applied for rapid estimations of wave footprints in operational systems, reconstruction of historical or synthetic events and risk assessments.
Exopolysaccharide from Lactobacillus rhamnosusZFM231 alleviates DSS‐induced colitis in mice by regulating gut microbiota
Authors: Wan Cheng , Qian Wen‐Wen , Liu Wei , Pi Xionge , Tang Meng‐Ting , Wang Xiao‐Lin , Gu Qing , Li Ping , Zhou Tao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Lactobacillus and other probiotics are associated with many benefits, such as immune regulation, antioxidant properties, antitumor effect, and regulation of intestinal microbe homeostasis. In the present study, the modulatory effect of EPS produced by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ZFM231 on the intestinal flora of mice with inflammatory bowel disease induced by dextran sulfate solution was investigated.RESULTSResults indicated that weight loss, colonic length, the disease activity index score and colonic tissue damage in mice were significantly improved by EPS treatment. Compared with the model group, in the EPS‐treated group, the diversity of and the composition of gut microbiota at both phylum and genus levels were found to recover to the levels of normal group, indicating the effective modulation on gut microbiota by EPS; short‐chain fatty acids, including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid produced by intestinal microbial metabolism, increased significantly; the level of anti‐inflammatory factor transforning growth factor‐β significantly increased and the level of pro‐inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor‐α significantly decreased in the colonic cells of EPS‐treated mice.CONCLUSIONIt is clear that EPS produced by L. rhamnosus ZFM231 could find application in functional foods with the property of anti‐ulcerative colitis. The experimental results provide new insights into the probiotic effect of EPS. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.