bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The LncRNA AK018453 regulates TRAP1/Smad signaling in IL‐17‐activated astrocytes: A potential role in EAE pathogenesis
Authors: Zhang Qingxiu , Yang Ying , Chen Yingyu , Wang Yifan , Qin Suping , Lv Ruixue , Zhou Menglu , Yu Qian , Li Xiangyang , Li Xiaocui , Wang Xiaotian , You Hongjuan , Wang Yugang , Zhou Feng , Liu Xiaomei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin 17 (IL‐17), that is mainly produced by Th17 cells, has been recognized as a key regulator in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Reactive astrocytes stimulated by proinflammatory cytokines including IL‐17 are involved in blood brain barrier destruction, inflammatory cells infiltration and spinal cord injury. However, the role of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) induced by IL‐17 in the pathogenesis of MS and EAE remains unknown. Herein, we found that an IL‐17‐induced lncRNA AK018453 promoted TGF‐β receptor‐associated protein 1 (TRAP1) expression and Smad‐dependent signaling in mouse primary astrocytes. Knockdown of AK018453 significantly suppressed astrocytosis, attenuated the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, reduced NF‐κB p65 and CBP/P300 binding to the TRAP1 promoter, and diminished pro‐inflammatory cytokine production in the IL‐17‐treated astrocytes. AK018453 knockdown in astrocytes by a lentiviral vector in vivo dramatically inhibited inflammation and prevented the mice from demyelination in the spinal cord during the progression of EAE. Together, these results suggest that AK018453 regulates IL‐17‐dependent inflammatory response in reactive astrocytes and potentially promotes the pathogenesis of EAE via the TRAP1/Smad pathway. Targeting this pathway may have a therapeutic potential for intervening inflammatory demyelinating diseases.
The impact of pubertal DHEA on the development of visuospatial oscillatory dynamics
Authors: Fung Madison H. , Rahman Raeef L. , Taylor Brittany K. , Frenzel Michaela R. , Eastman Jacob A. , Wang Yu‐Ping , Calhoun Vince D. , Stephen Julia M. , Wilson Tony W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe adolescent brain undergoes tremendous structural and functional changes throughout puberty. Previous research has demonstrated that pubertal hormones can modulate sexually dimorphic changes in cortical development, as well as age‐related maturation of the neural activity underlying cognitive processes. However, the precise impact of pubertal hormones on these functional changes in the developing human brain remains poorly understood. In the current study, we quantified the neural oscillatory activity serving visuospatial processing using magnetoencephalography, and utilized measures of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as an index of development during the transition from childhood to adolescence (i.e., puberty). Within a sample of typically developing youth (ages 9–15), a novel association between pubertal DHEA and theta oscillatory activity indicated that less mature children exhibited stronger neural responses in higher‐order prefrontal cortices during the visuospatial task. Theta coherence between bilateral prefrontal regions also increased with increasing DHEA, such that network‐level theta activity became more distributed with more maturity. Additionally, significant DHEA‐by‐sex interactions in the gamma range were centered on cortical regions relevant for attention processing. These findings suggest that pubertal DHEA may modulate the development of neural oscillatory activity serving visuospatial processing and attention functions during the pubertal period.
Cerebral cortex layer segmentation using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in vivo with applications to laminar connections and working memory analysis
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sun Zhe , Duan Feng , Shi Liang , Zhang Yu , Solé‐Casals Jordi , Caiafa Cesar F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the laminar brain structure is of great help in further developing our knowledge of the functions of the brain. However, since most layer segmentation methods are invasive, it is difficult to apply them to the human brain in vivo. To systematically explore the human brain's laminar structure noninvasively, the K‐means clustering algorithm was used to automatically segment the left hemisphere into two layers, the superficial and deep layers, using a 7 Tesla (T) diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI)open dataset. The obtained layer thickness was then compared with the layer thickness of the BigBrain reference dataset, which segmented the neocortex into six layers based on the von Economo atlas. The results show a significant correlation not only between our automatically segmented superficial layer thickness and the thickness of layers 1–3 from the reference histological data, but also between our automatically segmented deep layer thickness and the thickness of layers 4–6 from the reference histological data. Second, we constructed the laminar connections between two pairs of unidirectional connected regions, which is consistent with prior research. Finally, we conducted the laminar analysis of the working memory, which was challenging to do in the past, and explained the conclusions of the functional analysis. Our work successfully demonstrates that it is possible to segment the human cortex noninvasively into layers using dMRI data and further explores the mechanisms of the human brain.
Optimal hedging in the presence of internal flexibility
Authors: Jiang Jiaqi , Feng Yun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInternal flexibility aids in risk management and has a broader application than hedging instruments. This paper demonstrates how optimal hedging policies are affected by it. We develop a dynamic risk management model to capture financial and operational decisions. We first show that internal flexibility reduces the marginal value of hedging instruments. As a result, optimal financial hedging is selective and dependent on investment opportunities. These opportunities account for the majority of the difference between hedged and unhedged firms. By incorporating internal flexibility, the model becomes more realistic but also generates a complex interaction between financial hedging and marketing strategy. During the growth phase, hedging instruments are partially substitutive but have a synergistic effect on investment. In the mature or declining phase, the remedial effect of marketing strategy maintains investment, thereby increasing operating risk and the marginal value of financial hedging. These results are applicable to firms free of agency conflicts and provide a solid theoretical basis for future empirical tests. We advise that scholars thoroughly examine internal flexibility and development stages in the process.
Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism: A New Genetic Marker of Hip Fracture Risk—The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
Authors: Cauley Jane A. , Zmuda Joseph M. , Yaffe Kristine , Kuller Lewis H. , Ferrell Robert E. , Wisniewski Stephen R. , Cummings Steven R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hip fractures are common and devastating events. The apolipoprotein E*4 (APOE) allele, associated with Alzheimer's disease, has also been associated with osteoporosis in hemodialysis patients. We prospectively studied 1750 women, age ≥65 years, who underwent measurements of hip and calcaneal bone mineral density (BMD), were typed for APOE and followed for ~7.0 years for the occurrence of fractures and falls. Women with at least one APOE*4 allele had an increased risk of hip fracture, relative hazard (RH) (95% confidence interval) = 1.90 (1.05–3.41) and wrist fracture, RH = 1.67 (1.01–2.77) compared with women without APOE*4, even after adjusting for age, cognitive function, falling, and BMD. The effect of APOE*4 on hip fracture was greatest among women with additional (≥3) other risk factors. Women with an APOE*4 allele were also likely to report a maternal history of fracture. The average number of falls per year did not differ by APOE*4: 0.46 for APOE*4 women and 0.41 for women without an APOE*4 allele. Women with an APOE*4 allele experienced greater weight loss which contributed to faster rates of bone loss. We conclude that women with the APOE*4 polymorphism are at substantially increased risk of hip and wrist fracture that is not explained by bone density, impaired cognitive function, or falling. Passible alternate explanations include an effect of APOE on vitamin K, bone turnover, or weight loss. The APOE polymorphism may be a candidate gene for hip fractures among community dwelling nondemented women.
RaDonda Vaught, medication safety, and the profession of pharmacy: Steps to improve safety and ensure justice
Authors: Lambert Bruce L. , Schiff Gordon D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe prosecution and ultimate conviction of nurse RaDonda Vaught is both a warning and a call to action for pharmacists and the profession of pharmacy. This essay outlines nine steps that should be taken to maximize patient safety and minimize the risk of criminal prosecution for harm that results from human error. These include advocating for safe practices that reduce the risk of wrong drug errors; using pharmacy professional organizations to educate prosecutors about just culture and system safety; strengthening the focus on at‐risk behaviors and the normalization of deviance; training a cohort of clinicians to serve as expert witnesses for the defense; embracing communication and resolution programs as responses to unexpected harm; encouraging and supporting conservative medication use to minimize exposure to medication risks; drawing attention to production pressures and their impact on patient safety and clinician burnout; promoting proactive surveillance for adverse drug effects; and standing in solidarity with other health professions, especially nursing.
Pre‐clinical evaluation of fretting‐corrosion at stem‐head and stem‐cement interfaces of hip implants using in vitro and in silico models
Authors: dos Santos Vinícius Oliveira , Cubillos Patricia Ortega , dos Santos Claudio Teodoro , Fernandes Wellington Gilbert , de Jesus Monteiro Maurício , Caminha Ieda Maria Vieira , Moré Ari Digiácomo Ocampo , de Mello Roesler Carlos Rodrigo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrior to clinical use, the corrosion resistance of new prosthesis system must be verified. The fretting‐corrosion mechanisms of total hip arthroplasty (THA) implants generate metal debris and ions that can increase the incidence of adverse tissue reactions. For cemented stems, there are at least two interfaces that can be damaged by fretting‐corrosion: stem‐head and stem‐cement. This investigation aimed to evaluate, through in vitro and in silico analyses, fretting‐corrosion at the stem‐head and stem‐cement interfaces, to determine which surface is most affected in pre‐clinical testing and identify the causes associated with the observed behavior. Unimodular stems and femoral heads of three different groups were evaluated, defined according to the head/stem material as group I (SS/SS), group II (CoCr/SS), and group III (CoCr/CoCr). Seven pairs of stems and heads per group were tested: three pairs were subjected to material characterization, three pairs to in vitro fretting‐corrosion testing, and one pair to geometric modeling in the in silico analysis. The absolute area of the stem body degraded was more than three times higher compared with the trunnion, for all groups. These results were corroborated by the in silico analysis results, which revealed that the average micromotion at the stem‐cement interface (9.65–15.66 μm) was higher than that at the stem‐head interface (0.55–1.08 μm). In conclusion, the degradation of the stem‐cement interface is predominant in the pre‐clinical set, indicating the need to consider the fretting‐corrosion at the stem‐cement interface during pre‐clinical implant evaluations.
A preliminary evaluation of in vivo response to a filament‐wound macroporous collagen midurethral sling in an ovine model
Authors: Khalifa Ahmad O. , Isali Ilaha , Celik Hakan , Mastran Michael , McClellan Phillip , Gillespie Callan , Shankar Subba , MacLennan Gregory T. , Anderson James M. , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Akkus Ozan , Hijaz Adonis K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStress urinary incontinence (SUI) impacts ~1/3 of women over age 50. Negative publicity around PP meshes used in pelvic prolapse repair drives the need for identifying alternative biomaterials for SUI repair. Our study evaluated in vivo response to collagen sling implanted in an ovine model. Electrocompacted collagen threads were filament wound as slings and crosslinked in genipin. Collagen slings were implanted suburethrally mimicking the transvaginal tape technique. Main study groups were: Collagen sling (n = 3, 6 months) and PP sling (n = 3, 6 months). Collagen sling was also tested at 3‐weeks (n = 1) to observe early‐stage tissue response and 1‐year (n = 2) to assess biomaterial longevity in a preliminary capacity. Collagen slings healed to a fibrous ligament texture at 6 months and maintained such texture to 1 year. Histological scoring indicated biocompatible responses to collagen slings with no adverse events. All study groups exhibited complete tissue ingrowth and interstitial de novo collagen deposition at all time points. Collagen threads induced orderly de novo collagen deposition that was aligned along long axes of threads. Tissue infiltrated collagen slings that were explanted at 6 and 12 months presented similar structural strength with native tissues such as vagina and fascia, and PP (Lynx) slings (p > .05). With the limitation of low number of animals per time point in hindsight, this preliminary study justifies evaluation of collagen slings in a larger sample size of animals, particularly to assess persistence of ligamentous tissue response over longer durations than 1‐year.
A dilute‐and‐shoot liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for urinary 18‐hydroxycortisol quantification and its application in establishing reference intervals
Authors: Zhao Beibei , Bian Jin , Rao Menghua , She Xuhui , Lou Ying , Cai Jun , Ma Wenjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundEighteen‐hydroxycortisol (18‐OHF) is a potential biomarker for differential diagnosis of the two major primary aldosteronism subtypes, aldosterone‐producing adenoma, and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism.MethodsUrine samples were processed, and the 18‐OHF in urine samples were successfully quantified by in‐house established dilute‐and‐shoot liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. Separation was accomplished on a Sigma Ascentis Express C18 column with a gradient mixture of phase (A) 0.2% formic acid in water and phase (B) 0.2% formic acid in methanol at a flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. Mass spectrometric detection was performed in positive electrospray ionization mode via a mass spectrometer.ResultsThe linearity of urinary 18‐OHF ranged from 4.28 to 8.77 × 103 nmol/L, with a lower limit of quantification at 4.28 nmol/L. The intra‐ and inter‐precision were both below 3%. The range of analytical recovery was 97.8%–109.2%. The validated dilute‐and‐shoot LC–MS/MS method was compared with the SPE LC–MS/MS method modified from the one reported in 2013. The results by Passing–Bablok regression analysis and Bland–Altman plotting demonstrated a good agreement between the two methods. The presented method was then applied to establish sex‐specific reference intervals from 62 males and 62 females, respectively. The calculated 2.5%–97.5% reference intervals for 24‐h urinary 18‐OHF were 113–703 nmol/day for males and 71.2–450 nmol/day for females.ConclusionThe presented dilute‐and‐shoot LC–MS/MS method for 18‐OHF quantification showed a good performance in the clinical application. Furthermore, the sex‐specific reference intervals for 24‐h urinary 18‐OHF were first established and quite important for its application in primary aldosteronism subtyping.
hsa_circ_0115355 promotes pancreatic β‐cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes through the miR‐145/SIRT1 axis
Authors: Dai Ying , Ma Xudan , Zhang Jiangnan , Yu Shuting , Zhu Yuchao , Wang Jianhua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disease closely related to obesity, a growing global health problem. T2DM is characterized by decreased islet beta‐cell mass and impaired insulin release from these cells, and this dysfunction is exacerbated by hyperglycemia (glucolipotoxicity). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abnormally expressed and play a regulatory role in T2DM.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the function and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0115355 in the progression of T2DM.MethodsThe regulatory effect of hsa_circ_0115355 on INS‐1 cell function was assessed under glucolipotoxicity by MTT, flow cytometry analysis, and insulin secretion assay. Dual‐luciferase experiments revealed a direct interaction of hsa_circ_0115355 with miR‐145 and miR‐145 with SIRT1. Furthermore, the regulatory role of the hsa_circ_0115355/miR‐145/SIRT1 axis was verified by examining the function of INS‐1.ResultsIn this study, hsa_circ_0115355 was significantly underexpressed in both patients with T2DM and INS‐1 cell lines. This study thus showed that hsa_circ_0115355 inhibits the occurrence and development of T2DM by regulating the expression of SIRT1 by adsorbing miR‐145.ConclusionThe underexpression hsa_circ_0115355 is also a potential novel diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for T2DM.
Proteomic analysis of MSC‐derived apoptotic vesicles identifies Fas inheritance to ameliorate haemophilia a via activating platelet functions
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Tang Jianxia , Kou Xiaoxing , Huang Weiying , Zhu Yuan , Jiang Yuhe , Yang Kunkun , Li Can , Hao Meng , Qu Yan , Ma Lan , Chen Chider , Shi Songtao , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractApoptotic vesicles (apoVs) are apoptotic cell‐derived nanosized vesicles that play a crucial role in multiple pathophysiological settings. However, their detailed characteristics, specific surface markers, and biological properties are not fully elucidated. In this study, we compared mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐derived apoVs and exosomes from three different types of MSCs including human bone marrow MSCs (hBMSCs), human adipose MSCs (hASCs), and mouse bone marrow MSCs (mBMSCs). We established a unique protein map of MSC‐derived apoVs and identified the differences between apoVs and exosomes in terms of functional protein cargo and surface markers. Furthermore, we identified 13 proteins specifically enriched in apoVs compared to exosomes, which can be used as apoV‐specific biomarkers. In addition, we showed that apoVs inherited apoptotic imprints such as Fas to ameliorate haemophilia A in factor VIII knockout mice via binding to the platelets’ FasL to activate platelet functions, and therefore rescuing the blood clotting disorder. In summary, we systemically characterized MSC‐derived apoVs and identified their therapeutic role in haemophilia A treatment through a previously unknown Fas/FasL linkage mechanism.
Primary care nurses during the coronavirus disaster and their struggle: Qualitative research
Authors: Mizumoto Junki , Mitsuyama Toshichika , Kumagaya Shinichiro , Eto Masato , Izumiya Masashi , Horita Shoko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has substantially affected the health and lives of medical professionals. However, the experiences of nurses engaged in primary care remain unclear. We explored how nurses working in primary care were psychologically and socially affected by the COVID‐19 disaster and how they overcame the difficulties experienced.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative study of seven Japanese nurses working in primary care. Data collection was performed before, during, and after a workshop based on the Tojisha‐Kenkyu (user‐led research) framework to explore how the COVID‐19 disaster affected the nurses and how they coped. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged from the analysis: effects of the COVID‐19 disaster on nurses, nurses' newly found strength during the pandemic, and their changes and achievements through the Tojisha‐Kenkyu framework. The first theme comprised four subthemes: fear of the unknown; difficulty in adaptation; dysfunction in patient care; and defilement and oppression. The second theme involved feeling in control and professionalism. The third theme, which was based on participants' discovery of “same and different” fellowships, showed work reconstruction and self‐understanding, which alleviated their difficulties.ConclusionsThe effect of the pandemic on nurses working in primary care ranges from work‐related frustration to daily life issues. The Tojisha‐Kenkyu method can help nurses to alleviate difficulties. Further research should be conducted to elucidate the constant burden on primary care professionals and establish appropriate occupational and daily life support during pandemics.
Variants in the new E1ʹ cryptic exon of the VHL gene associated with congenital erythrocytosis—Description of three cases
Authors: Rodrigues Catarina Dantas , Pombal Rita , Pereira Janet , Relvas Luís , Cunha Elizabete , Almeida José Carlos , Maia Tabita , Silva Helena , Bento Celeste 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCongenital erythrocytosis (CE) represents a rare and heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders. The molecular basis of VHL gene mutations related to CE. Recently, Lenglet et al. reported a discovery of a novel cryptic exon in the VHL gene. Mutations in the first intronic region resulting in the creation of a cryptic exon termed E1ʹ were found in seven families with CE and one family with VHL disease. We report three patients with prolonged CE with the aetiology being clarified several years later by sequencing of intronic region 1 of the VHL gene. This work addresses the first cases reported at the clinical level of VHL‐associated CE due to the E1ʹ cryptic exon.
COVID‐19's impacts on business activities and female workers: Empirical evidence from global developing economies
Authors: Wu Ruohan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper empirically examines the economic impacts of COVID‐19 on firms' business activities and female workers in 10 developing economies around the world. Based on a survey conducted by the World Bank, we constructed a firm‐level panel dataset and investigated how firms' production and finances have developed during COVID‐19. We also investigated female workers' employment situations and how they were affected by firm performance. COVID‐19 indeed casted seriously adverse impacts in the developing world. As time passes, firms' production has been recovering, but their finances are worsening, and the female workers are facing worse situations in forms of higher probabilities of losing jobs and getting furloughed. Other variables such as workforce, capacity utilisation, and exports also play important roles in this process.