bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribology and corrosion behavior of Gray Cast Iron brake discs coated with Inconel 718 by Direct Energy Deposition
Authors: CHIOIBASU Diana , MIHAI Sabin , COTRUT Cosmin M. , VOICULESCU Ionelia , POPESCU Andrei C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There has been an increased concern related to environmental pollution, caused by the emission of particles released during the braking process. In the future, environmental safety laws will be increasingly restrictive and the development of new viable alternative technologies will be inherent. Because gray cast iron (GCI) has a low cost and mechanical properties compatible with this type of application, it will be difficult to identify a similar material to replace it. In the case of vehicles that serve passenger transport, the most convenient solution is to cover the brake discs made of GCI with materials that reduce wear and corrosion, but which at the same time maintain or improve their functional performance. This research aims to improve the mechanical properties of the brake discs by laser cladding using Inconel 718 (IN718) metallic powder by Direct Energy Deposition (DED) method. The interface between substrate and the deposited material was uniform, forming a compact bonding of the two materials. The average hardness of the IN718 deposited material was twice higher than the one of the GCI substrates. The friction coefficient (CoF) of the IN718 coatings was higher by 0.12 compared with the substrate material. The depth of the wear track for the layers deposited with IN718 was -50 µm, while the depth of the wear track of the exposed substrate GCI was 3 times higher (-150 µm). The corrosion resistance of the coating was superior by four orders of magnitude to that of GCI substrate in 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution.
Ataluren Suppresses a Premature Termination Codon in an MPS I-H Mouse
Authors: Wang Dan , Xue Xiaojiao , Gunn Gwen , Du Ming , Siddiqui Amna , Weetall Marla , Keeling Kim M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Suppressing translation termination at premature termination codons (PTCs), termed readthrough, is a potential therapy for genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations. Ataluren is a compound that has shown promise for clinical use as a readthrough agent. However, some reports suggest that ataluren is ineffective at suppressing PTCs. To further evaluate the effectiveness of ataluren as a readthrough agent, we examined its ability to suppress PTCs in a variety of previously untested models. Using NanoLuc readthrough reporters expressed in two different cell types, we found that ataluren stimulated a significant level of readthrough. We also explored the ability of ataluren to suppress a nonsense mutation associated with Mucopolysaccharidosis I-Hurler (MPS I-H), a genetic disease that is caused by a deficiency of a-L-iduronidase that leads to lysosomal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from Idua-W402X mice, we found that ataluren partially rescued a-L-iduronidase function and significantly reduced GAG accumulation relative to controls. Two-week oral administration of ataluren to Idua-W402X mice led to significant GAG reductions in most tissues compared to controls. Together, these data reveal important details concerning the efficiency of ataluren as a readthrough agent and the mechanisms that govern its ability to suppress PTCs.
Microscopic Observations on Form and Structure of the Worm Enchytraeus Buchholzi (Clitellata: Enchytraeidae)
Authors: ZHAO Limin , XIE Xiuchao , CHEN Dejing , MA Guilan , SUN Ya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The worm Enchytraeus buchholzi is a new record species for Shaanxi, China, and a key pest on American ginseng Panax quinquefolium. To distinguish the species, the authors prepared its whole mounts and paraffin-embedded sections, and microscopically observed, photographed and measured. Besides, they conducted an experimental study on its DNA barcode. Results: Cells, tissues and organs related to nervous, digestive, circulatory, excretory and reproductive systems were found, photomicrographed and described, including prostomium, peristomium, segments, clitellum, pygidium, lateral and ventral chaetae; brain, cranial nerves, sensory papillae, ventral nerve cord; pharyngeal pad and glands, retractor muscles and muscular bundles, peptonephridia, esophagus, intestine; dorsal, lateral, ventral and intestinal parietal vessels, coelomocytes, coelomic cavity; nephridia, chloragogen cells; ovaries, vitelline glandular cells, immature and mature eggs, spermathecae; testes, seminal vesicles, sperm funnels, penial bulbs. Their shapes and sizes were given, and functions discussed briefly. The visual effect of staining specimens with hematoxylin plus eosin ranked the first, and that with acetocarmine the second. Conclusions: The supplementary and objective descriptions, with the microphotographs as forceful pieces of evidence, have expanded biological knowledge in aspects of the form, structure and function of the worm, which is helpful for professionals to recognize and understand this species and provide a solid basis for its integrated pest management.
Programmed cell death 1 pathway inhibitors improved overall survival of small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases
Authors: chang Jia yu , Jing Xu Quan , Ying Hua , Geng Kai Xing , Li Ru Yue , Lu ShuangQing , Zhu Hui , Zhang Yan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors applied in the small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the records of small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy for brain metastases with or without immune checkpoint inhibitors at our institution from January 2019 to January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups. In Group A, patients received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In Group B, patients received chemotherapy, radiotherapy and at least four cycles of immunotherapy. Overall survival and intracranial progression-free survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models.
Results
A total of 295 patients were enrolled in our study. By the end of the study (March 12, 2021), the median overall survival was 28.1 months among 64 patients in Group B, and 13.2months among 231 patients in Group A respectively (hazards ratio [HR] 0.450, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.263–0.769, P = 0.004). Both the univariate analysis and multivariate analysis suggested two factors were significantly correlated with overall survival, including immunotherapy, presence of extracranial metastases. The median intracranial progression-free survival was 7.63months in Group A, 10.47 months in Group B (HR = 0.716, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.326–0.973, P = 0.040). The intracranial objective response rate and intracranial disease control rate was similar between them.
Conclusion
Immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy for brain metastases showed promising efficacy for small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.
The Design and Evaluation of Hybrid Controlled Trials that Leverage External Data and Randomization
Authors: Ventz Steffen , Khozin Sean , Louv Bill , Sands Jacob , Wen Patrick Y. , Comment Leah , Alexander Brian M. , Trippa Lorenzo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Patient-level data from completed clinical studies or electronic health records can be used in the design and analysis of clinical trials. However, these external data can bias the evaluation of the experimental treatment when the statistical design does not appropriately account for potential confounders. In this work, we introduce a hybrid clinical trial design that combines the use of external control datasets and randomization to experimental and control arms, with the aim of producing efficient inference on the experimental treatment effects. Our analysis of the hybrid trial design includes scenarios where the distributions of measured and unmeasured prognostic patient characteristics differ across studies. Using simulations and datasets from clinical studies in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and glioblastoma, we illustrate the potential advantages of hybrid trial designs compared to externally controlled trials and randomized trial designs.
Ridge and Furrow Configuration Optimized Soil Hydrothermal Environment, Maize Canopy Traits and Improved Grain Yield in Northwest China
Authors: Liu Pengzhao , Chen Xiaoli , Zhao Xining 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ridge and furrow planting system is widely used for yield-increasing in Northwest area of China. However, the effect of optimized ridge and furrow configuration (planting both on ridges and in furrows) to soil hydrothermal environment, maize canopy structure and grain yield are still not clear. Therefore, a 2-year (2015—2016) field experiment was conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of different planting systems [conventional flat planting without ridge (CK), ridge-furrow planting system with two row plants in both ridge and furrow (R2F2), and with three rows in a ridge and two rows in a furrow (R3F2)] on maize growth, grain yield and resource utilization. The results showed that soil hydrothermal environment and canopy structure were improved under the optimized ridge and furrow configuration, but not caused excessive water consumption. Compared with CK, the ridge and furrow configuration showed a greater advantage in virtue of coordinating water and temperature allocation, which increased LAI, photosynthetic capacity per plant and dry matter accumulation for plants in furrows. In addition, ridge and furrow systems represented a higher canopy light transmission rate of bottom layers, which contribute to more light interception capacity for plants. In comparison with CK, grain yield of R2F2 and R3F2 significantly improved by 20.5% and 12.4%, water use efficiency by 26.2% and 20.1%, radiation use efficiency by 28.2% and 17.8%, respectively. Overall, the optimized ridge and furrow configuration (R2F2) brought an improvement of soil hydrothermal environment, optimize canopy structure, and ultimately obtained an increase of grain yield.
Association Between A Child’s Health Status, Type Of Health Insurance And Characteristics Of Their Health Care Access And Quality
Authors: Adigun Ayoola , Duro Debora 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The healthcare system and healthcare providers are constantly navigating the increasingly complex world of the healthcare environment. Understanding how the delivery of healthcare services affects their patients is critical to becoming more proficient and competent in carrying out their Hippocratic oath. Our objective is to use the nationally representative data to estimate and compare the health status of children and its association with the type of health insurance and the characteristics of their health care access and quality. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of the U.S Department of Health and Human Services, National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) combined dataset from June 2018 to January 2020 for children age 0-17 years old. We examined 59,818 randomly selected surveys (weighted, n = 73,122,698) for the 2019-2019 combined NSCH. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine the associations between child functional health status and their access to health care, quality and insurance coverage. The health status of children were measured and grouped into 3 categories; excellent or very good, good and fair or poor. Measures are related to healthcare access and quality.RESULTS: 33.6% of the children population who had excellent of very good health status were ages 6-11 and almost 50% of children with fair or poor health status are ages 12-17 years old. Children with no access to medical health care are more likely (AOR: 4.41, 95% CI: 3.13 – 6.19) to have fair or poor health status compared to those who did not. Children who have ≥2 hospital emergency visits are (AOR: 10.00, 95% CI: 6.95 – 14.38) more likely to have fair or poor health status compared to those who have none. Private health insurees are more likely (AOR: 2.84, 95% CI: 2.19 – 3.69) to have excellent or very good health status compared to those who are not insured.CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare access and utilization of its services affects the overall functional health status of children in the US.
Understanding the Effects of Subsidence on Unconfined Aquifer Parameters by Integration of Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and Genetic Algorithm (GA)
Authors: Yousefi Roghayeh , Talebbeydokhti Nasser , Afzali Seyyed Hosein , Dehghani Maryam , Hekmetzadeh Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Excessive exploitation of groundwater has led to a significant subsidence in Darab plain, located in Fars province, Iran. The compaction of aquifer layers especially in fine-grain sediments leads to changes in aquifer parameters including hydraulic conductivity, specific yield, and compressibility which consequently changes the permeability and storage of the aquifer. Accordingly, a precise estimation of aquifer parameters are essential for both future water resources planning and management. The main objective of this paper is to determine the most optimum values of aquifer parameters based on the groundwater information and subsidence measurements spanning from 2010 to 2016. The proposed approach for inverse solution of groundwater flow is based on Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) integrated with Genetic Algorithm for optimization (GA). Subsidence measurements made by previous studies as well as the initial values of unknown parameters obtained from piezometric information are incorporated into the inverse modeling. The whole process of inverse modeling is repeated from 2010 to 2016 which leads to annually estimation of the aquifer parameters. Due to the compaction occurring in the aquifer system, a decreasing temporal trend is observed in the aquifer parameters in most parts of the plain. By fitting a function to time-dependent aquifer parameters, their corresponding values and consequently the amount of subsidence in 2017 are predicted. The small average relative error (~ 3.5%) between the predicted land subsidence and the measurements demonstrates the high performance of the proposed inverse modeling approach.
Alternative stopping rules for random forest models fitted to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey glycohemoglobin data
Authors: Little Mark P. , Rosenberg Philip S. , Arsham Aryana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Random forests are a popular type of machine learning model, which are relatively robust to overfitting, unlike some other machine learning models, but can still adequately capture non-linear relationships between an outcome of interest and multiple independent variables. There are relatively few adjustable feature in the standard random forest models, among them the minimum size of the terminal nodes on each tree. The usual stopping rule, as proposed by Breiman, stops tree expansion by limiting the size of the parent node, so that a node cannot be split if it has less than a specified number of observations. Recently an alternative stopping criterion has been proposed, stopping tree expansion so that all terminal nodes have at least at least minimum number of observations. We propose three generalisations of this, based on the variance, range, or inter-centile range. We apply the new approaches to diabetes data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The new stopping rules yield roughly equivalent mean square prediction error as the standard ones.
Design and Dynamic Analysis of the Recirculating Planetary Roller Screw Mechanism
Authors: Qiao Guan , Liao Rong , Guo Shijie , Shi Zhenghong , Ma Shangjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The recirculating planetary roller screw mechanism (RPRSM) is a transmission mechanism that engages the screw and nut threaded by multiple grooved rollers. In this paper, firstly, the design method of RPRSM nut threadless area is proposed, and the equations related to the structural parameters of nut threadless area are derived. On this basis, the cross-section design method of roller, screw and nut is constructed according to the actual situation of engagements between the screw/nut and the roller. By adjusting the gap between the two beveled edges and that between the arc and the beveled edge, the accuracy of the thread engagements between the screw/nut and the roller can be improved. Secondly, to ensure the engagements of the screw/nut and the roller, the distance formula from the center surface of the different rollers to the end surface of cam ring is given. Thirdly, combined with the working principle and structural composition of RPRSM, the component model is established according to its relevant structural parameters, and the virtual assembly is completed. Finally, the 3D model is imported into the ADAMS simulation software for multi-rigid body dynamics. The dynamic characteristic is analyzed and the simulated values are compared with the theoretical values. The results show that the contact forces between the screw/nut and the roller are sinusoidal, mainly due to the existence of a small gap between the roller and the carrier. The maximum collision forces between the roller and cam ring are independent from load magnitude. Normally, the collision force between the roller and the carrier increases as the load increases. When RPRSM is in the transmission process, the roller angular speed in nut threadless area begins to appear abruptly, and the position of the maximum change is at the contact between the roller and the convex platform of cam ring. The design of the nut threadless area and the virtual assembly method proposed in this paper can provide a theoretical guidance for RPRSM research, as well as a reference for overall performance optimization.
TMEM16A Inhibits Autophagy and Promotes the Invasion of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through mTOR Pathway
Authors: Yang Xin , Cui Limei , Liu Zhonglu , Li Yumei , Wu Xinxin , Tian Ruxian , Jia Chuanliang , Ren chao , Mou Yakui , Song Xincheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous investigations indicated that transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) mediates the pathogenesis and malignant of many tumors through regulating multiple pathways. However, whether TMEM16A could regulate autophagy via mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway to modulate hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) occurrence and development or not is still unclear.
Methods
The expression of TMEM16A in HSCC and metastatic lymph nodes was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot. TMEM16A was overexpressed or knocked down in FaDu cell line to evaluate its effects on the biological function by cell colony formation experiment, wound healing assay, trans well assay, and invasion assay. TMEM16A was knocked down or over expression in FaDu cells to test apoptosis and autophagy related protein and autophagosome formation by western blot, transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence.
Results
In the present study, we observe that the expression level of TMEM16A in HSCC and metastatic lymph nodes are significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The results of in-vitro experiments showed that silencing TMEM16A significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of HSCC cells. Silencing TMEM16A inhibited tumor formation in xenografted mice. Further experiments demonstrated that knocking down TMEM16A in HSCC cells could block the activation of mTOR, and thus promote the initiation of the autophagic death by activating sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/P62) and protein light chain 3II (LC3II).
Conclusion
Therefore, TMEM16A displays an important effect on autophagy in HSCC, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of HSCC.
The extended disordered sequences in ribosome-associated germline-specific NAC proteins are their feature compared to the ubiquitously expressed paralog
Authors: Kogan Galina L. , Mikhaleva Elena A. , Olenkina Oxana M. , Ryazansky Sergei S. , Galzitskaya Oxana V. , Abramov Yuri A. , Leinsoo Toomas A. , Akulenko Natalia V. , Lavrov Sergei A. , Gvozdev Vladimir A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) consisting of α- and β-subunits is an essential conserved ribosome-associated protein in eukaryotes. NAC is considered as a ubiquitously expressed co-translational regulator of nascent protein folding and sorting providing homeostasis of cellular proteins. Here we discovered the germline-specific NACαβ paralogs (gNACs), whose β-subunits, non-distinguishable by ordinary immunodetection, being encoded by five highly homologous gene copies while α-subunit is encoded by the single αNAC gene. Immunostaining detects the gNAC expression in the primordial embryonic and adult gonads. The germline specific α and β subunits differ from the ubiquitously expressed paralogs by the acquisition of extended intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) at the N- and C-ends of coding regions, respectively, which were predicted to be phosphorylated. The presence of distinct phosphorylated isoforms of gNAC-β subunits is confirmed by comparison of their profiles by 2D-isoeletrophocusing resolution before and after phosphatase treatment of testis ribosomes. We propose IDR-dependent molecular crowding and specific coordination of the NAC and other proteostasis regulatory factors in the ribosomes of germinal cells. A possibility of the functional crosstalk’s between the germinal and ubiquitous α- and β- subunits is revealed by assessing their depletion effects on the fly viability and gonad development.
A broadly neutralising monoclonal antibody overcomes the mutational landscape of emerging SARS-CoV2 variant of concerns
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Parray Hilal , Narayan Naveen , Garg Sonal , Rizvi Zaigham Abbas , Shrivastava Tripti , Kushwaha Sachin , Singh Janmejay , Murugavelu Praveenkumar , Anantharaj Anbalagan , Mehdi Farha , Raj Nisha , Singh Shivam , Dandotiya Jyotsna , Lukose Asha , Jamwal Deepti , Kumar Sandeep , Chiranjivi Adarsh , Dhyani Samridhi , Mishra Nitesh , Jakhar Kamini , Sonar Sudipta , Chowdhury Shirlie , Panchal Anil , Tripathy Manas , Ahmed Shubbir , Samal Sweety , Mani Shailendra , Bhattacharyya Sankar , Das Supratik , Sinha Subrata , Batra Gaurav , Sehgal Devinder , Medigeshi Guruprasad , Sharma Chandresh , Awasthi Amit , Garg Pramod , Nair Deepak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitates unremitting efforts to discover novel therapeutic mAbs. Here, we report an extremely potent mAb named P4A2 that can neutralize all the circulating variants of concerns (VOCs) with high efficiency, including the highly transmissible Omicron. The crystal structure of the P4A2 Fab:RBD complex revealed that the residues of the RBD that interact with P4A2 are part of the ACE2-receptor-binding motif and are not mutated in any of the VOCs. The pan coronavirus pseudotyped neutralization assay confirmed that the P4A2 mAb is specific for SARS-CoV-2 and its VOCs. Passive administration of P4A2 to K18-hACE2 transgenic mice conferred protection, both prophylactically and therapeutically, against challenge with VOCs. Overall, our data shows that, the P4A2 mAb has immense therapeutic potential to neutralize the current circulating VOCs and will be highly effective against future variants as well due to its unique mode of binding.