bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of MRP1 and its role in complete remission (CR) after induction therapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients.
Authors: KAMIL SABA , KOUSER SHAHEEN , NAEEM NADIA , FARROQUI WAQAS , HAIDER GHULAM , KHAN Farrukh Ali , SHARAFAT SHAHEEN , KAMIL NOOR 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding transporters are one of the chief reason behind drug resistance. There are forty nine adenosine triphosphate binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Some of them are Multidrug resistance associated protein-1 (MRP 1), Breast resistance cancer protein (BCRP), and P glycoprotein (P-gp). Their expression in the cell causes expel out of drugs from the cell. Therefore, the patient is incapable of achieving remission or may relapse.Methodology: Peripheral blood samples of 40 patients with denovo AML were taken in this study. QRT PCR and ELISA was performed to evaluate the MRP 1 gene and MRP 1 protein expression respectively. A relationship was analyzed between MRP 1 expression and complete remission.Results: Out of 40 patients, males were predominant i.e., 55 percent in the current research. The frequency of acute myeloid leukemia was the highest in the age group of 25–39 years both in males and females. Between MPR 1 gene expression and complete remission, clinical relevance was observed in this study, 69.2 percent of patients with high gene expression failed to attain complete remission (P value > 0.05) whereas results of MRP 1 protein analysis was statistically nonsignificant. Moreover, other parameters such as FLT3, NPM1, and cytogenetics indicated no relationship with MRP 1.Conclusion: This study provides a basis to further evaluate the role of ABC transporters for future researches. However, larger sample would be required to validate the results.
HO-1 alleviates neuroinflammation and cystitis-related symptoms in cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis via the SIRT1 pathway
Authors: Gao Zhentao , Gao Qiongqiong , Huang Yong , Lu Miaolong , Zhang Chi , Su Minzhi , Chen Jialiang , Zhan Hailun , Liu Bolong , Zhou Xiangfu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous study suggested that astrocytes and microglia are activated in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) rats and induce neuroinflammation by secreting proinflammatory cytokines. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays a key role in inhibiting neuroinflammatory processes in the central nervous system and can activate silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), which has an inhibitory effect on neuroinflammation; however, whether HO-1 alleviates neuroinflammation in IC remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of HO-1 in rat IC models and confirm whether SIRT1 mediates HO-1 function.
Methods
Rats were administered with cyclophosphamide (CYP) by systemic intraperitoneal injection to develop IC models. Hemin (inducer of HO-1) and Znpp (HO-1 inhibitor) were performed intraperitoneally 1-day prior to each CYP injection. EX-527 was injected intrathecally for 3 consecutive days to selectively inhibit SIRT1. We used the von Frey filament test to measure mechanical withdrawal threshold, and urinary frequency was assessed using urodynamic tests. HO-1, SIRT1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (an astrocyte marker), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule (a microglia marker), phosphorylated (p)-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-p38, and proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α] levels were assessed by western blot, and immunofluorescence was used to identify HO-1 and SIRT1 cellular localization.
Results
We observed downregulated HO-1 expression in the SDH of rats with CYP-induced cystitis, which was accompanied by neuroinflammation, mechanical allodynia, and urinary frequency. Additionally, HO-1 induction after hemin treatment suppressed glial cell activation and attenuated IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression by inhibiting activation of the JNK/p38 pathway, ultimately improving IC-related symptoms. Moreover, Znpp administration exacerbated inflammatory responses and pain sensitivity by inhibiting HO-1 activity. Furthermore, HO-1 positively regulated SIRT1 activation and alleviated IC-related symptoms, whereas the therapeutic effect of HO-1 upregulation was significantly impaired by SIRT1 inhibition.
Conclusion
HO-1 attenuated neuroinflammation, mechanical allodynia, and urinary frequency caused by glial activation in rats with CYP-induced cystitis by activating SIRT1 to inhibit JNK/p38 signaling.
Critical scaling of whole-brain resting-state dynamics
Authors: Ponce-Alvarez Adrián , Kringelbach Morten , Deco Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scale invariance is a characteristic of neural activity and how it emerges from neural interactions remains a fundamental question. Here, we studied the relation between scale-invariant brain dynamics and structural connectivity by analyzing human resting-state (rs-) fMRI signals, together with diffusion MRI (dMRI) connectivity and its approximation as an exponentially decaying function of the distance between brain regions. We analyzed the rs-fMRI dynamics using functional connectivity and a recently proposed phenomenological renormalization group (PRG) method that tracks the change of collective activity after successive coarse-graining at different scales. We found that brain dynamics display power-law correlations and power-law scaling as a function of PRG coarse-graining. Finally, by studying a whole-brain computational models, we showed that the observed scaling features emerge from critical dynamics and connections exponentially decaying with distance. In conclusion, our study validates the PRG method using large-scale brain activity and theoretical models and suggests that scaling of rs-fMRI activity relates to criticality and the geometry of the brain.
Effects of Increasing Student Enrolment on Teaching and Learning in Senior High Schools in Ghana: The Free Senior High School Policy in Retrospection
Authors: Duah Richard Kwame , Gyabaah Kojo Oppong Yeboah , Mensah Bismark , Poku Adjoa Afriyie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Senior high school education in Ghana has experienced tremendous growth following the introduction of Free Senior High School (FSHS) policy. The corresponding increase student enrolment presents challenges to teaching and learning and academic performance, in general. In this study, 181 teachers were selected from six senior high schools (SHSs) within Ejisu Municipality using cluster sampling technique in order to examine how changes in student enrolment, following the implementation of the FSHS policy, has affected teaching and learning. The study adopted trend analysis with data analysed using SPSS. The findings showed an impressive steady increase in student enrolment. It was also found that academic performance of students generally dipped in the introductory years of the FSHS policy whiles some improvements were observed from 2019 forward. However, the study revealed that schools experienced challenges of classroom and dining hall congestions; inadequate teaching and learning materials; inadequate hostel infrastructure; and high student-teacher ratio among others. The study, among others, recommends a multi-stakeholder collaboration to salvage the infrastructure deficits and its associated challenges that characterise SHSs in Ghana.
Antidepressant Like Effect of Endogenous SO 2 on Depression Caused by Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress
Authors: Salari Mahdieh , Mehrjerdi Fatemeh Zare , Yadegari Maryam , Rezvani Mohammad Ebrahim , Raeini Azadeh Shahrokhi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is a toxic gas with harmful effects on various organs but recent studies, have confirmed the protective effect of SO2 on ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, and lung infections. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of endogenous SO2 on depression. Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) model was performed to cause depression. Depression-Like Behaviors in animals were determined using open-field test, forced swimming test and sucrose consumption. Animal spatial learning and memory was assessed using the Morris water maze. The oxidative status of the hippocampus and serum corticosterone level assessed. A reduction in the tendency to consume sucrose, mobility, and curiosity, as well as learning and memory disorders were observed in CUMS animals. Depressed animals treated with SO2 showed a significant improvement in behavioral and cognitive functions. SO2 also reduced neuronal damage and lipid peroxidation of the hippocampus and serum corticosterone level in the CUMS group. Various evidences supports a mutual relationship between inflammation and depression, also growing studies shows the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of mood-related disorders such as depression. In this study, increased hippocampal malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum corticosterone levels can be reasons for the existence of oxidative stress and possible activation of inflammatory processes. SO2 donors reduced MDA and corticosterone levels in depressed animals. According to these results, SO2 may have been able to reduce tissue damage and eventually behavioral disorders caused by depression by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
Sex differences in posture and vertical perception of gait function in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mikami Kyohei , Kamo Tsutomu , Ichinoseki-Sekine Noriko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sex differences in the effect of posture and subjective vertical position (SPV) on gait function have not been clarified in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the involvement of posture and vertical perception in the gait function of PD patients according to sex. The study included 59 adult patients with PD (31 men and 28 women) who visited the Rehabilitation Department of Neurology Clinic as outpatients. Relationships between four postural evaluations [forward trunk flexion (FTF), lateral trunk flexion (LTF), SPV], and eight gait assessments [walking time, step length, gait speed, number of steps, step time, coefficient of variation of step time (step CV), cadence, and mean gait acceleration (acceleration)] were analyzed according to sex. None of the postural evaluations showed an association with gait parameters in men. By contrast, in women, relationships were seen between walking time and SPV in the sagittal plane, stride length and FTF angle, the number of steps and FTF and LTF, and step CV and SPV in the coronal plane, indicating that posture was related to gait function. Our results could aid rehabilitative therapies to improve PD patients' gait function.
Factors Associated with Need for Intravenous Glucose Infusion for the Treatment of Early Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Late Preterm and Term infants
Authors: Brion Luc , Scheid Lisa , Brown Larry , Burchfield Patti , Rosenfeld Charles 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To determine which late-preterm (35-36wk gestational age [GA]) and term neonates with early-onset hypoglycemia in the first 72h postnatal required a continuous glucose infusion in order to achieve and successfully maintain euglycemia.
Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study of late preterm and term neonates born in 2010–2014 and admitted to the Mother-Baby Unit at Parkland Hospital who had laboratory-proven blood glucose concentration < 40 mg/dL (2.2 mmol/L) during the first 72h of life. The cohort was randomly divided into a derivation cohort (n = 1288) and a validation cohort (n = 1298).
Result
In multivariate analysis, need for intravenous glucose infusion was associated with small size for GA, low initial glucose concentration, early-onset infection and other perinatal variables (e.g., fetal acidosis, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy) in both cohorts.
Conclusion
Need for intravenous glucose infusion was associated with small size for GA, low initial glucose concentration, early-onset infection and variables associated with prenatal hypoxia-asphyxia.
Fluid Overload is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: González-Sánchez Héctor Raúl , Martínez-Sánchez Froylan David , Torres-Cuevas José Luis , Ibarra-Santoyo Luis , Diaz-Jarquin Alejandra , Vargas-Abonce Valerie Paola , Saenz-Ancira Santiago , Reyna-Juarez Yatzil , Balderas-Juarez Joana , Salinas-Ramírez Mauricio Adrián , Tenorio-Aguirre Erika Karina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with adverse outcomes among hospitalized patients with Covid-19. Although pre-pandemic data of patients with AKI has shown that volume overload is significantly associated with mortality and need for Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), the association with worst outcomes among patients with AKI and Covid-19 has not been studied. Thus, the purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of fluid overload in AKI with progression of the disease and mortality among patients hospitalized with Covid-19.
Methods
Observational retrospective cohort study that included volume balances, clinical and biochemical data of 412 hospitalized patients with Covid-19 and AKI. Univariate and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of fluid overload with 28-day mortality, AKI stage 3 and RRT.
Results
The mean age of the subjects was 55 ± 15 years, 64.1% were women, 69.7% developed AKI at any stage, 47.2% had diabetes, 31.4% had hypertension, and only 4.5% had chronic kidney disease. Likewise, the 28-day mortality was 20.4%, 43.3% patients required mechanical ventilation, 22.3% developed AKI stage 3, and 9.5% needed RRT. The median of global fluid overload was 1441cc (-489 to 3736), and 59.7% had a global fluid overload of > 1000 cc at discharge. After Cox regression analysis the risk for 28-day mortality, AKI stage 3 and RRT was HR = 3.014 (1.573–5.777), 3.159 (1.708–5.840), and 3.607 (1.128–11.539), respectively (p < 0.05 for all).
Conclusion
In the setting of AKI, fluid volume overload was associated with worst outcomes among hospitalized patients with Covid-19.
Genetic diversity of Pinus kesiya in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
Authors: Thao Duong , Le Son , Atsushi Watanabe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Four Pinus kesiya natural populations in the Central Highland region of Vietnam, separated from one another by distances of 75 to 380km, were examined using tetranucleotide microsatellite markers to evaluate their genetic diversity and population structure. The surveyed populations displayed relatively high level of genetic variation (HE = 0.671). Only between the Kon Tum and Dak Nong populations was the pairwise value FST significant. These two populations, separated by 300 km, also showed the greatest separation in the UPGMA cluster analysis using Nei’s pairwise genetic distance. The UPGMA analysis clustered the four populations into two geographic groups (1) the Kon Tum population, which is located in the North of the Central Highlands and (2) the remaining three populations (Gia Lai, Dak Nong and Dak Lak). Within group 2, Gia Lai and Dak Lak located in the center area of the Central Highland, clustered into the same subgroup with the southern Dak Nong population a single subgroup. This topology was essentially in agreement with the geographic distribution of the studied populations. The implications for conservation and development programs for this species are also reported and discussed.
Immune and genomic characterization of Ibizan hound and its relationship with Leishmania infantum infection
Authors: Álvarez Luis , Marín-García Pablo-Jesús , Llobat Lola 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ibizan hound is a canine breed native to the Mediterranean region, where leishmaniosis is an endemic zoonosis. Several studies indicate low prevalence of this disease in these dogs. In this study, descriptive immunological and genomic profiles of this breed have been elaborated. Results show relevant differences between the cytokine serum profile and the data published for other canine breeds, and several genetic fixed variants in genes related to immune response, regulation of immune system, and genes encode cytokines and its receptors in dog population studied. The most relevant genes that present such fixed polymorphisms were IFNG and IL6R. Other variants with frequencies equal or above 0.7 were found in the genes ARHGAP18, DAPK1, GNAI2, MITF, IL12RB1, LTBP1, SCL28A3, SCL35D2, PTPN22, CIITA, THEMIS, CD180. Epigenetic regulatory genes as HEY2, L3MBTL3 show also intronic polymorphisms. Results pointed out that the regulation of immune response is different in the Ibizan hound dogs compared to other breeds. Future studies are needed to elucidate detected differences and their relationship to low prevalence of L. infantum infection in the breed.
eBF: An Enhanced Bloom Filter for Intrusion Detection in IoT
Authors: Gebretsadik Fitsum Gebreegziabher , Nayak Sabuzima , Patgiri Ripon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Intrusion detection is an essential process to identify malicious incidents and continuously alert the many users of the Internet of Things (IoT). The constant monitoring of events generated from more than millions of devices connected to the IoT and the extensive analysis of every event based on predefined security policies consumes enormous resources. Accordingly, performance enhancement is a crucial concern of intrusion detection in IoT and other massive Big Data Systems to ensure a secure environment efficiently. Like many Big Data systems, intrusion detection system of the IoT need to employ the fast membership filter, Bloom Filter, to quickly identify possible attacks. Bloom Filter is an admiringly fast and space-efficient data structure that quickly handle elements of extensive datasets in a small memory space. However, the trade-off between the query performance and the number of hash functions, and memory space and false positive probability remain issues of Bloom Filter. Thus, this article presents an enhanced Bloom Filter (eBF) that remarkably improves memory efficiency and introduces new techniques to accelerate the speed of search processing demand of intrusion detection system in IoT. We experimentally show the efficacy of eBF using real dataset of intrusion detection. The experimental result shows that the proposed filter is remarkably memory efficient, faster, and more accurate than the state-of-the-art filters. eBF requires 15x, 13x, and 8x less memory compared with Standard Bloom Filter, Cuckoo filter, and robustBF, respectively. Therefore, this new system will significantly impact the enhancement of the performance of intrusion detection of IoT that concurrently monitors several billion events crosschecking with the defined security policies.
Derivation of coagulation phenotypes and the association with in-hospital mortality in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Fujiwara Gaku , Okada Yohei , Shiomi Naoto , Sakakibara Takehiko , Yamaki Tarumi , Hashimoto Naoya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of traumatic coagulopathy during traumatic brain injury is not well understood, and the appropriate treatment strategy for this condition has not been established. This study aimed to evaluate the coagulation phenotypes and their effect on prognosis in patients with isolated traumatic brain injury.Methods: In this multicenter cohort study, we retrospectively analyzed data from the Japan Neurotrauma Data Bank (JNTDB). Adults with isolated traumatic brain injury (head abbreviated injury scale [AIS] >2, any other AIS <3) who were registered in the JNTDB were included in this study. The primary outcome was the association of coagulation phenotypes with in-hospital mortality. Coagulation phenotypes were derived using the k-means with coagulation markers, prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FBG), and D-dimer (DD) on arrival at the hospital. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of coagulation phenotypes with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for in-hospital mortality.Results: In total, 556 patients were enrolled, and five coagulation phenotypes were identified. Cluster A (n=129) had the closest to normal coagulation values; cluster B (n=323) had a mild high DD phenotype; cluster C (n=30) had a prolonged PT-INR phenotype with a higher frequency of antithrombotic medication in elderly patients than in younger patients; cluster D (n=45) had a low FBG, high DD, and prolonged APTT phenotype with a high incidence of skull fracture; and cluster E (n=29) had a low FBG and extremely high DD phenotype with high-energy trauma and high incidence of skull fracture. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the association of clusters B, C, D, and E with in-hospital mortality yielded the corresponding adjusted ORs of 2.17 (95% CI: 1.22–3.86), 2.61 (95% CI: 1.01–6.72), 10.0 (95% CI: 4.00–25.2), and 24.1 (95% CI: 7.12–81.3), respectively, relative to cluster A.Conclusions: This multicenter observational study identified five different coagulation phenotypes of traumatic brain injury and showed associations of these phenotypes with in-hospital mortality.
Inoculation with Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 enhances plant growth and salt tolerance of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seedlings
Authors: Chen Pengyang , Wei Qiannan , Yao Yifei , Wei Jiaqi , Qiu Li , Zhang Baohong , Liu Huawei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is an important biofuel crop, making it possible to replace petroleum fuels. However, the slow-growing seedlings and soil salinization affected the growth and development of switchgrass. Beneficial microorganisms could enhance the salt tolerance of plants. Our previous study showed that Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571 could colonize in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to promote its growth and development as well as regulated microRNAs (miRNAs). While the feasibility of inoculating A. caulinodans ORS571 with switchgrass to enhance the growth and salt tolerance of seedlings is unknown.
Results
In this study, we systematically studied the impact of A. caulinodans ORS571 on switchgrass growth and development as well as response to salinity stress; we also studied the undergoing mechanism during these biological processes. Inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571 significantly alleviated the stress of salt on seedling growth. Under normal condition, A. caulinodans ORS571 significantly improved fresh weight, chlorophyll a content, protein content and peroxidase (POD) activity in switchgrass seedlings. Under salt stress, the fresh weight, dry weight, the length of shoots and roots as well as chlorophyll content were all significantly enhanced and even recovering to normal levels after inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571. In addition, the contents of soluble sugar and protein as well as POD and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also significantly increased, which was contrast with proline. It manifested that A. caulinodans ORS571 could enhance the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings by increasing the water content, photosynthetic efficiency, and scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Meanwhile, A. caulinodans ORS571 may alleviate salt stress by regulating miRNAs. Twelve miRNAs of switchgrass seedlings were all up-regulated to different degrees under salt stress. miR169, miR393, miR535 and miR844 were all decreased significantly after inoculation with A. caulinodans ORS571 under salt stress, which were in contrast with the expression level of miR399.
Conclusion
This study revealed that A. caulinodans ORS571 enhanced the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings by increasing biomass, photosynthetic efficiency, reactive oxygen species scavenging ability and regulating the expression of miRNAs. This provides a new and creative idea for improving the salt tolerance of switchgrass seedlings.