bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparedness of medical students to provide nutrition care following a nutrition education intervention
Authors: Amoore Bright Yamaha , Gaa Patience Kanyiri , Ziblim Shamsu-Deen , Mogre Victor 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Globally, 71% of deaths are due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) of which 77% of these deaths occur in low-and-middle income countries. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancers contribute to the majority of deaths caused by NCDs. Nutrition is an important contributor to the occurrence, progression and management of these diseases. Health care professionals’ promotion of the adoption of healthy dietary habits among individuals has been shown to reduce the occurrence of NCDs. However, nutrition care is not frequently provided by medical doctors although patients perceive them as credible sources of nutrition advice and care. We assessed the effects of a nutrition education intervention on medical students’ self-perceived preparedness to provide nutrition care. Methods: We administered a pre, post and four-weeks follow-up questionnaire to second year medical school from who participated in a nutrition education intervention that adapted varied teaching and learning activities. Outcomes were self-perceived level of preparedness, relevance of nutrition education and perceived need for further training in nutrition assessed using five-point Likert scales.Results: The proportion of participants who felt adequately prepared to provide nutrition care increased significantly (p= 0.001) from 38% (n = 35) to 65.2% (n = 60) immediately post-intervention and to 63.2% (n = 54) at 4-weeks follow-up. Also, 74.2% (n = 69) of the students perceived nutrition education to be relevant to their future career as medical doctors which increased to 85% (n = 78) immediately after the intervention (p= 0.026) and declined slightly to 76% (n = 70) 4-weeks follow-up but higher than the baseline proportion. The proportion of participants who reportedly said they will benefit from further training in nutrition increased from 63.8% (n = 58) at pre-intervention to 74.0% (n = 68) at post-intervention (p= 0.016) and decreased significantly to 52.1% (n = 48) at 4-weeks follow-up.Conclusion: An innovative, multiple-strategy nutrition education intervention can improve second year medical students’ self-perceived preparedness to provide nutrition care and their perception of the relevance of nutrition education.
Sedimentary Responses of Late Triassic Soft Sedimentary Deformation to Paleoearthquake Events in the Southwest of North China Plate
Authors: Liang Qingshao , Yu Wei , Tian Jingchun , Han Yonglin , Wang Feng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The tectonic events caused by paleoearthquakes have a good response in sedimentary filling. Outcrops and cores from the Chang-7 Member of the Late Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin in Northern China, yield a wide variety of soft sedimentary deformation structures (SSDSs), many of which are laterally extensive for more than 150 km. They include various types of folds, soft sediment liquefaction deformation (liquefied sandstone dyke, liquefied breccia), gravity-driven deformation (load structures, ball-and-pillow structures), hydraplastic deformation (loop bedding, convolute deformation) and brittle deformation (intrastratal faults and stair-step microfaults, microcracks). In most cases, deformation is represented by hybrid brittle-ductile structures exhibiting lateral variation in deformation style. These occur in delta front to semideep to deep lake sands and mudstones (shales). The seismites recognized in outcrops and cores indicate earthquakes with magnitudes between 6 and 8, which are interpreted as a response to splicing collision orogenic events of the South China Block (SCB) and North China Block (NCB) during the Late Triassic period. Systematic study of the spatial and temporal distribution of these seismites improves the understanding of the tectonic context and evolutionary history of sedimentary basements. This study can provide a new perspective on the evolution of tectonic activities in the basin.
The white noise paradox in an experimental design
Authors: Romanovski Mikhail 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study aims to investigate approaches that determine the observation regions, ensuring minimum estimation errors for small samples burdened by noise. The investigation is performed under the condition of complete reflection of noise effects on an optimal solution to a design problem. A design is constructed under the Tikhonov regularization paradigm. The case study focuses on the functional features of classical exponential regressions. Classical model functions are chosen because their features are well known. However, new inferences are defined. The main factors that govern the estimation errors of the exponential regressions are determined. The peculiarities of their optimal designs are revealed. It is proven that noise generates a nonidentifiable observation case, and starting with a specific threshold of noise, the design problem offers no solution. The widely used design approaches do not determine the optimal solution features revealed in the framework of the Tikhonov regularization paradigm. The estimation error distribution, factors of noise effect reduction and peculiarities of the optimal design are defined to satisfy this requirement. The results indicate the effectiveness of an alternative viewpoint on traditional solutions to design problems.
An innovative post grouting technique for soil nails
Authors: Barbosa Max Gabriel Timo , de Assis André Pacheco , Cunha Renato Pinto da 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study presents an innovative technique of executing soil nails called sectorized post grouting. The most utilized technique of soil nail grouting is gravity grouting, with the literature reporting advances in pressurized grouting. Although obtaining higher pullout resistance of soil nails, pressurized grouting, mostly done in single-stage grouting, does not compensate for exudation and its use in higher nail lengths is difficult. Thus, a technique has been developed that compensates for exudation, with easier application in lengthier nails. The technique was qualitatively assessed to evaluate its surface roughness and later applied in seven real soil nailing works, where it could be quantitatively assessed. The results show that sectorized post-grouted nails obtained greater pullout resistances than gravity grouted and single-stage grouted nails. Although similar improvement was found in tube-à-manchette (TAM) grouted nails, this method presents lower economic efficiency than sectorized post grouting. The pullout resistance results obtained in this study can be utilized in future soil nailing works executed utilizing sectorized post grouting.
The occupational exposure risk and inhalation risk due to ultrafine particles emitted during the powder-coating process
Authors: Gao Xiangjing , Zhou Xingfan , Zhou Zanrong , Chen Rui , Fang Huanghong , Luan Yuqing , Yuan Weiming , Quan Changjian , Hu Yong , Cao Yiyao , Zhou Zhen , Zou Hua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDue to the rapid development of the powder-coating process and growing awareness of occupational health, the ultrafine particles (UFPs) generated during the powder-coating process have become a serious and urgent problem. However, researchers have not clearly understood the risk of exposure to the UFPs and inhalation risk of the UFPs. ResultsIrregularly shaped, aggregating particles containing Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Pt, and Ca elements were sampled from the work area. The number concentration (NC), mass concentration, surface concentration, personal NC, and lung-deposited surface area concentration of the particles were high: >105 pt/cm3, 0.2–0.4 mg/cm3, 600–1200 μm2/cm3, 0.7–1.4 pt/cm3, and 100–700 μm2/cm3, respectively. In the particle number count, majority of the particles were 30–200 nm in size. The time-weighted and task-weighted levels of exposure to the particles were high. Upon inhalation, most (71.09 mg) of the particles ranging from 10.4 nm to 96.8 nm accumulated in olfactory area, and a few of the particles (0.649 mg) was taken into lung. Similarly, the majority (1195 mg) of the particles that ranged in size from 100.3 nm to 469.8 nm were deposited on the lungs, and the remaining of the particles were trapped in the nasal cavity.ConclusionsDue to the high emissions rate of the UFPs and insufficient control measures, the workers involved in the powder-coating process are at high exposure risk. Moreover, the risk of inhalation of the UFPs by the workers is high, which is suggested by the high quantities of the UFPs deposited in the lungs and on the olfactory. To protect the workers, the series of measures we proposed, including engineering control, management control, and personal protection equipment should be implemented.
Burkitt's lymphoma of the ovary
Authors: li jie , Xi Ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) in female adults is rare, the initial presentation of BL as an ovarian tumor is even rarer. A 30-year-old woman presented to the clinic with complaints of distention and went on exploratory laparotomy and pathological examination showed the final diagnosis as BL. Then the patient went on one year of seven cycles of chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), the patient remained disease-free for six years and kept follow-up since then. This study offers the insights in how to make the right and rapid diagnosis and treatment recipe for primary ovarian Burkitt’s lymphoma patients.
Cannabinoid receptor-2 agonist AM1241 attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion- induced oxidative stress in rats via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Mingxiao , Tian Qingxin , Liu Jianlong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cannabinoid type II receptor, also known as CB2 receptor, has been reported to have a protective effect on myocardial infarction. However, CB2 receptor’s role in oxidative stress involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the protective role of cannabinoid receptor-2 agonist AM1241 against MIRI-induced oxidative stress in rats. In addition, the protective effect of AM1241 on oxidative damage of cardiomyocytes injured by hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) in vitro and its possible mechanism were investigated by establishing a model of HR of H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Clearly, large infarct size and increased number of inflammatory cells were detected in the heart of rats with MIRI. In the meantime, rats in IR group displayed impaired cardiac function as well as promoted myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis rate. Notably, we observed that ROS production was enhanced in the HR-injured cells, while administration of AM1241 caused a reversal effect, leading to improved cell viability, reduced ROS production and elevated expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the cardiomyocytes. In Conclusion, AM1241 exerts beneficial effects on relieving MIRI and attenuating oxidative stress possibly by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Can the Use of Adjuvants Enhance the Efficacy of the Micro-fracture Treatment for Managing Focal Chondral Defects? An Experimental Study in a Rat Model
Authors: KURDAL DEMET PEPELE , KAYA MURAT , AKPOLAT AHMET ONUR , KARAHAN NAZIM , YILMAZ BARIS , MIDI AHMET , ALMASRI LAMEES 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate whether there are any differences in the efficacies of microfracture (MF) surgeries used in the treatment of focal cartilage lesions alone or in combination with adjuvant therapies.Methods: 42 rats were included in the study. Group 1 received MF alone, Group 2 received platelet rich plasma (PRP) after MF, Group 3 received hyaluronic acid (HÁ) after MF, Group 4 received a synthetic peptide (SP) after MF, Group 5 received a SP plus PRP therapy after MF, and Group 6 received a SP plus HA therapy. Group 7 was designated as the control group. The rats knees were evaluated with the International Cartilage Repair Society Cartilage Repair Assessment 1 and 2 (ICRS-1 and ICRS-2).Results: The ICRS-1 scores were lower in Group 1 than in Group 2, Group 3, Group 4, and Group 7 (p < 0.05). The ICRS-1 scores were higher in Group 7 than in Group 5 and Group 6 (p < 0.05). The ICRS-2 scores in Group 7 were similar to those in Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 (p < 0.05), the scores were found to below in Group 1, Group 5, and Group 6 (p < 0.05). The inflammation scores were lower in Group 3 than in Group 2 and Group 4 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: In the MF treatment of focal chondral lesions, SP, PRP, and HA injections have a beneficial adjuvant effect based on macroscopic and histopathological findings. However, the combination of these adjuvants is less beneficial than their individual usage
Saccharomyces cerevisiae survival against heat stress entails a communication between CCT and cell wall integrity pathway
Authors: Dube Ankita , Pullepu Dileep , Kabir M Anaul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective:
To inspect the role CCT in cell wall maintenance.
Results:
The chaperonin TRiC/CCT is cytosolic cylindrical complex of 16 subunits encoded by eight essential genes CCT1-8. It contributes to folding 10% of cellular polypeptides in yeast. The strain carrying substitution point mutation G412E in the equatorial domain of Cct7p resulted in the improper folding of substrates. In this study, the CCT7 mutant exhibited sensitivity to non-optimal growth temperatures and cell wall stressors. Heat shock is known to disrupt cell wall and protein stability in budding yeast. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated cell wall integrity pathway gets activated to compensate the perturbed cell wall. Overexpression of the PKC1 and SLT2 genes of MAPK signaling pathway in mutant rescued the growth and cell division defects. Additionally, the genes of the CWI pathway such as SED1, GFA1, PIR1, and RIM21 are down-regulated.
Conclusions:
The Cct7p mutant strain (G412E) is unable to withstand the heat stress due to the underlying defects in protein folding and cell wall maintenance. Taken together, our results strongly indicate the interaction between CCT and cell wall integrity pathway.
Inhibit of low water activity on conidia germination in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Jia Sifan , Qi Desheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, we explored the mechanism underlying Aspergillus flavus conidia germination inhibited by decreased water activity. The impact of low water activity was analyzed at 4 h, 8 h and 12 h. Additionally, we demonstrated that low water activity affected cell shape and decreased cell sizes. Transcriptomics found numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the first 12 h of germination, with 654 DEGs observed among 4 h, 8 h and 12 h. Especially, more DEGs were detected at 8 h of germinating. Therefore, proteomics was performed at 8 h, and 209 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were speculated, with 94 up-regulated and 115 down-regulated. Combined analysis of KEGG of transcriptomics and proteomics demonstrated that the dominant pathways were nutrient metabolism and translation. We also found several DEGs and DEPs in Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. Therefore, we concluded that low water activity inhibited conidia germination, caused unregular morphology. Also, low water activity influenced expression of creA, TreB in carbohydrate metabolism, Clr4, RmtA in amino acid metabolism and RPL37, RPL3 in translation in Aspergillus flavus.
Prognostic Prediction Models for Postoperative Patients with Stage I to III Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study Based on Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Ji Xiaolin , Xu Shuo , Li Xiaoyu , Xu Jinhuan , Guo Yingjie , Tian Zibin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To utilize the patient, tumor, and treatment features and compare the performance of machine learning algorithms, develop and validate models to predict overall, disease-free, recurrence-free, and distant metastasis-free survival, and screen important variables to improve the prognosis of patients in clinical settings.Methods More than 1000 colorectal cancer patients who underwent curative resection were grouped according to 4 endpoints and divided into testing sets and training sets (9:1). We applied 4 machine learning algorithms to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival times. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and average precision (AP) were our accuracy indicators. Vital parameters were screened by multivariate regression models. To achieve better prediction of longitudinal oncological outcomes, we performed 10-fold cross-validation except for the recurrence-free survival model (3-fold cross-validation). We iterated 3000 times after hyperparameter optimization and assessed the internal testing sets.Results The best AP values were greater than 80%, except for the overall survival model (69.5%). The best AUCs were all greater than 0.70 except for the recurrence free survival model (0.61). The models performed well. Variables that were widely correlated with prognoses, such as the TNM stage, were selected as important features; however, indirectly related indicators, such as Ki-67 level, were also selected.Conclusion We constructed an independent, high-accuracy "white-box" machine learning system for predicting survival times. This system may help in determining managing strategies for colorectal cancer patients and has future utility in personalized medicine and monitoring.
Providing a Distributed Cryptographic Method Based on Pairing in Order to Increase the Security of the Internet of Things
Authors: Khamseh Elaheh , Namin Mahnaz Ahadzadeh , Reza Akram 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a necessary infrastructure for connecting thousands of electronic components to manage smart cities. One of the main challenges of the IoT is the computational constraints at end nodes due to power and storage restrictions. Therefore, the security, i.e. encryption and decryption, of data in transmission which demands high computational power is still a big challenge which has been a subject of debate in this area. To address the aforementioned challenge, computational outsourcing has been utilized by decentralized encryption schemes. The blockchain is a decentralized and autonomous implementation used as a distributed system for encryption. A promising approach to achieving fine-grained access control over IoT data outsourcing is a Ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE). To use attribute-based encryption, we must also define an access structure. In this paper, for secure data communication in the IoT network, we use attribute-based encryption with LSSS access structure on blockchain infrastructure. We propose Attribute-Based Encryption with Blockchain framework on the Internet of Things (ABEBIoT) where our approach focuses on the secure outsourcing of bilinear pairings and to increase the security and efficiency compare to Type-1 pairing, Type-3 pairing is used to generate cryptographic keys. Based on the evaluation criteria, this scheme is safe under the assumption of s-D-BDHE and costs further are acceptable.
Study of the chemical hazard in car body painting workshops in the city of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Savadogo Saybou , Traoré Salimata , Rouamba Sibiri Sylvain , Sakira Abdoul Karim , Coulibaly Adama , Sana Boukary , Somé Touridomon Issa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Knowledge of the risks of chemicals remains low among most parts of the African population. This situation is further complicated by the widespread lack of reliable data and information on the toxicity and safe use of chemicals. The present study was conducted to describe the chemical hazards to which workers in auto body paint shops would be exposed.The cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in car body paint shops in the city of Ouagadougou. The data collection consisted of an inventory of the products, direct observation of the workers in the work situation, and interviews.A total of 17 chemical products were inventoried in all the car body paint shops. Of the 17 products inventoried, 15 were flammable solvents (88.23%), 2 (11.77%) were in paste form and 1 (5.88%) was an oxidizer. All the products were dangerous for health and among them 6 (35.29%) were dangerous for the environment according to their pictograms. These products were handled without special precautions.All these products present risks for human health and the environment. In view of the working conditions, there is a potential exposure of the workers to all the chemicals as well as the inhabitants of the nearby residential areas.
In-vitro Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Rhodamine-640 perchlorate on Rhabdomyosarcoma cell line
Authors: Yaseen Muniba , Khurshed Ahmat , Ullah Hafeez , Batool Zahida , Nazir Aalia , Gilanie Ghulam , Habib Shaista , Aziz Bushra 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-recognized treatment modality for oncological and non-oncological diseases. In this current research Rhodamine (Rh-640 perchlorate), a second generation photosensitizer, mediated photodynamic effects are evaluated. Different controlling parameters i.e., optimum intracellular drug concentration, light dose response on lower scale are investigated on in-vitro human Rhabdomyosarcoma cancer cell line. Diode laser 630 nm was used as a light source and three treatment arms were selected for photodynamic efficacy evaluation. An optimum incubation time of 3 hours was found for Rh-640 mediated exposure of RD culture. Effective intracellular drug accumulation was optimized for culture when administered with different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, and 100) µM. Photodynamic action of Rh-640 at different light doses (2, 5, 15) J/cm2 was evaluated. It was found that post incubation with optimized parameters Rhodamine 640 mediated photodynamic therapy showed light dose dependent cytotoxicity i.e., (85% (2 J/cm2), 80%( 5 J/cm2), 69%( 15 J/cm2). Current research work suggest the potential photodynamic action of Rh-640 and may be evaluated its efficacy on other cancer cell lines.
Outcomes of infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Canada: a cohort study
Authors: Venkata Sujith Kumar Reddy Gurram , Shah Prakesh S , Beltempo Marc , Yoon Eugene , Wood Stephen , Hicks Matthew , Daboval Thierry , Wong Jonathan , Wintermark Pia , Mohammad Khorshid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the change in the severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and associated morbidities between pre-and during COVID-19 pandemic periods in Canada. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study extracting the data from level-3 NICUs participating in Canadian Neonatal Network (CNN). The primary outcome was a composite of death in the first week after birth and/or stage 3 HIE (Sarnat and Sarnat). Secondary outcomes included rate and severity of HIE among admitted neonates, overall mortality, brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neonates requiring resuscitation, organ dysfunction, and rates of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) usage. We included 1591 neonates with gestational age ≥36 weeks with HIE during the specified periods: pandemic cohort April 1st to December 31st of 2020; pre-pandemic cohort between April 1st to December 31st of 2017, 2018, and 2019. We calculated the odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI).Results: We observed no difference in the primary outcome (15% vs. 16%; OR 1.08; 95%CI 0.78-1.48), mortality in the first week of life (6% vs. 6%; OR 1.10, 95%CI 0.69-1.75), overall mortality, neonates requiring resuscitation, organ dysfunction, TH usage, and rate of brain injury. In the ad-hoc analysis, per 1000 live births, there was an increase in the rate of infants with HIE and TH use. Conclusions: Severity of HIE, associated morbidities and mortality were not significantly different during the pandemic compared to a pre-pandemic period in Canada. Anticipated risks and difficulties in accessing healthcare have not increased the mortality and morbidities in neonates with HIE in Canada.