bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Will You Do When They Think It Was You? Counter-interrogation Strategies of Innocent Interviewees Under Suspicion vs. No Suspicion
Authors: Clemens Franziska , Grolig Tuule 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe current imaginary mock-crime study examined innocent interviewees’ (N = 128) planned counter-interrogation strategies and their willingness to disclose critical information as a function of (a) the type of secondary act (irrelevant to the crime under investigation) they imagined having executed at the crime scene (lawful act vs. unlawful act) and (b) the presence of suspicion directed towards the interviewees (suspicion vs. no suspicion). Results show that, to be honest, was the most frequently reported strategy among lawful as well as unlawful act participants. In contrast, none of the lawful act participants reported the strategy to be deceptive, whereas 35.9% of the unlawful act participants did. When no suspicion (vs. suspicion) was directed towards unlawful act participants, they were less willing to voluntarily share critical information on their true intentions at the crime scene. Consequently, seemingly easy “no suspicion” situations appear to promote the application of more deceptive and evasive behavior in unlawful act interviewees and might therefore put them at risk of being wrongfully assessed as guilty of the crime under investigation.
Fortification of Durum Wheat Fresh Pasta with Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and Its Effects on Technological, Nutritional, Sensory Properties, and Predicted Glycemic Index
Authors: Bianchi Federico , Giuberti Gianluca , Cervini Mariasole , Simonato Barbara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPasta, a staple food worldwide consumed, was fortified with maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) berry powder (MBP) and the effect of MBP inclusion was evaluated concerning technological, nutritional, and sensory properties. Fresh pasta samples were formulated by replacing 0, 7.5, and 15 g 100 g−1 of durum wheat semolina with MBP. The inclusion of MBP did not affect the moisture content, but the water activity decreased in the fortified samples, while pH values decreased with increasing MBP levels in the recipe. The pasta fully cooking time and the swelling index were reduced, while the cooking loss and the firmness increased with increasing MBP levels. In addition, MBP increased the total dietary fiber, ash, and phenol contents, along with the in vitro antioxidant activities. The starch hydrolysis index and the predicted glycemic index of cooked fresh pasta decreased along with the increase of MBP addition. The MPB addition to fresh pasta could represent a valuable strategy for increasing its nutritional value, maintaining pasta’s technological properties without affecting the sensory acceptability.
Variation in Anti-inflammatory, Anti-arthritic, and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Extracts of Common Egyptian Seaweeds with an Emphasis on Their Phytochemical and Heavy Metal Contents
Authors: Shobier Aida H. , Ismail Mona M. , Hassan Sahar W. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, and antimicrobial activities of some common Egyptian seaweeds in addition to their phytochemical and heavy metal contents were investigated. Phytochemical screening of the seaweed extracts showed the presence of different primary and secondary metabolites with different concentrations according to their species and the used solvent. The ethanolic extract ofColpmenia sinuosa(CSBE2) exhibited the maximum anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity at 1000 μg/ml concentration compared to other seaweed extracts. The dichloromethane extract ofCorallina officinalis(CORM) exerted the highest antimicrobial activity with an average inhibition zone diameter (AV) = 15.29 mm and activity index (AI) = 1.53 and with the highest antagonistic activity againstEscherichia coli(28 mm). It is followed byUlva linzaethanolic extract (ULGE2) which recorded (AV) of 14.71 mm and (AI) of 1.30 with the highest antifungal activity againstCandida albicans(30 mm). The collected seaweeds would therefore be a very promising source for treating inflammatory, arthritic, and microbial diseases. Moreover, the investigated seaweeds showed variable concentrations of heavy metals among various species. The mean concentrations of the heavy metals took the following order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Ba > Cu > As > Cr > Ni > Pb > V > Cd > Se > Co > Mo. Based on the permissible limits set by the WHO and CEVA, Pb and Ni in the studied seaweeds were found to be within the permissible limits, whereas Cd and Zn contents were at the borderline. Significant correlations were observed between studied parameters. The estimated daily intakes for most heavy metals were lower than the recommended daily intakes.
Nebulization Therapy with Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Chu Meiping , Wang Hao , Bian Linjie , Huang Jiehui , Wu Danping , Zhang Ruiting , Fei Fangli , Chen Yigang , Xia Jiazeng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background

Scientists have been facing numerous challenges in the development of an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. Several studies have suggested that improving patient immunity and reducing lung injury induced by SARS-CoV-2 may be effective for treating patients with COVID-19.

Methods
A pilot trial of nebulization therapy with exosomes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was performed on seven patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Exosomes secreted from MSCs were collected and purified using multiple ultrafiltration steps. All patients were treated with nebulization of MSC-derived exosomes, and primary safety and efficacy outcomes were evaluated.

Results
Our clinical study demonstrated that nebulization of MSC-derived exosomes is a novel method that might be utilized in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. Nebulization of MSC-derived exosomes did not induce acute allergic or secondary allergic reactions but did promote the absorption of pulmonary lesions and reduce the duration of hospitalization for mild cases of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Conclusions
Nebulization of MSC-derived exosomes is a safe, effective, and simple method, and their application at the beginning of treatment may be more beneficial.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000030261. Registered on 26 February 2020.

Graphical Abstract
Hydroquinone predisposes for retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell degeneration in inflammatory conditions
Authors: Bhattarai Niina , Hytti Maria , Reinisalo Mika , Kaarniranta Kai , Mysore Yashavanthi , Kauppinen Anu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn addition to hypoxia, inflammation is capable of inducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Excessive levels of VEGF promote choroidal neovascularization and thereby contribute to the pathogenesis of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Intravitreal anti-VEGF injections ameliorate pathological vessel neoformation in wet AMD but excessive dampening of VEGF can result in a degeneration of the RPE. In the present study, we induced VEGF production by exposing human ARPE-19 cells to the pro-inflammatory IL-1α and subsequently to hydroquinone, a component of tobacco smoke that is a major environmental risk factor for AMD. Effects were monitored by measuring the levels of VEGF and anti-angiogenic pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. In addition, we measured the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using the 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCFDA) probe and studied the effects of two anti-oxidants, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APDC) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), on VEGF production. Cellular and secreted VEGF as well as secreted PEDF levels were reduced at all tested hydroquinone concentrations (10, 50, or 200 µM); these effects were evident prior to any reduction of cell viability evoked by hydroquinone. Cell viability was carefully explored in our previous study and verified by microscoping in the present study. APDC further reduced the VEGF levels, whereas NAC increased them. The 50 μM concentration of hydroquinone increased ROS production in ARPE-19 cells primed with IL-1α. Hydroquinone disturbs the regulatory balance of VEGF and PEDF in inflammatory conditions. These data support the idea that hydroquinone mediates RPE degeneration by reducing VEGF levels and may predispose to dry AMD since VEGF is as well important for retinal integrity.
The Regulation of MiTF/TFE Transcription Factors Across Model Organisms: from Brain Physiology to Implication for Neurodegeneration
Authors: Agostini Francesco , Agostinis Rossella , Medina Diego L. , Bisaglia Marco , Greggio Elisa , Plotegher Nicoletta 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe microphthalmia/transcription factor E (MiTF/TFE) transcription factors are responsible for the regulation of various key processes for the maintenance of brain function, including autophagy-lysosomal pathway, lipid catabolism, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Among them, autophagy is one of the most relevant pathways in this frame; it is evolutionary conserved and crucial for cellular homeostasis. The dysregulation of MiTF/TFE proteins was shown to be involved in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, the characterization of their function is key in the understanding of the etiology of these diseases, with the potential to develop novel therapeutics targeted to MiTF/TFE proteins and to the autophagic process. The fact that these proteins are evolutionary conserved suggests that their function and dysfunction can be investigated in model organisms with a simpler nervous system than the mammalian one. Building not only on studies in mammalian models but also in complementary model organisms, in this review we discuss (1) the mechanistic regulation of MiTF/TFE transcription factors; (2) their roles in different regions of the central nervous system, in different cell types, and their involvement in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, including lysosomal storage disorders; (3) the overlap and the compensation that occur among the different members of the family; (4) the importance of the evolutionary conservation of these protein and the process they regulate, which allows their study in different model organisms; and (5) their possible role as therapeutic targets in neurodegeneration.
Gender differences in mental distress and affect balance during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
Authors: Matud M. Pilar , Zueco Jesús , Díaz Amelia , del Pino Mª José , Fortes Demelsa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is a major threat to the health and well-being of people around the world that has impacted freedom of movement, social interaction and the economy. The aim of the present work was twofold: first, to study the presence of mental distress, positive and negative experiences and affect balance in women and men in Spain in two different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, the initial “first state of alarm” phase, characterized by maximum restrictions, and in the “new normal” phase with minimal restrictions, and second, to study the protective role of age, educational level, self-esteem, marital status and social support against mental distress, and as factors that increase the affect balance of women and men in the above mentioned phases of the first wave of the COVID- 19 pandemic in Spain. The study sample consisted of 652 women and 652 men from the general population, aged between 18 and 88 years, who were evaluated through self-reports. Results show greater mental distress in women than men but, strikingly, the magnitude of such differences were greater in the “new normal” phase than in the maximum restriction phase. In addition, in this last phase, women also experienced more negative feelings and less affect balance than men. High self-esteem and social support were also found to be protective factors for mental health, both in women and men, during the two phases of the pandemic studied. In conclusion, our study shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has especially impacted the well-being of women.
The Effect of Junction Gutters for the Upscaling of Droplet Generation in a Microfluidic T-Junction
Authors: Viswanathan H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe influence of drop formation due to micro rib-like structures, viz., the Junction Gutters (JGs) within a standard microfluidic T-junction, is numerically investigated. Hydrodynamic conditions that lead to various flow regimes are identified characterized by the Capillary number (Ca) and velocity ratios of the dispersed and continuous phases (q) within a standard T-junction. Subsequently, under such conditions, a range of gutter configurations is introduced in the standard channel. The results predict that the introduction of JGs can favourably alter the formation frequency and morphology of drops and, consequently, promote upscaling significantly for the hydrodynamic conditions associated with low Ca. Detailed flow maps are presented that reveal a plethora of transitions during the formation of droplets with higher Ca and q that would otherwise signify a dripping or a jetting regime in a standard junction. However, specific gutter configurations are identified where JGs are unfavourable for generating monodisperse droplets.
Robustness and disturbances in public transport
Authors: Ge Liping , Voß Stefan , Xie Lin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNetwork-based systems are at the core of our everyday life. Whether it is electronic networking, electricity grids or transportation, users expect the networks to function properly and provide a feeling of safety and security. However, there may be disturbances. In this paper, we consider disturbances in the context of public transportation. The focus in this respect is on public transport planning and operations. To classify and cope with disturbances, one can find many ideas, including robustness, resilience, vulnerability, disruption mitigation or delay management. We survey related streams of literature and put them into perspective. As a major insight we show that different strands of literature exist that may benefit from becoming better connected and intertwined. Together with recent advances in information technology and solution methods, more integrated problem settings incorporating robustness and disturbances can play a major role in future planning and operations.
Super-forecasting the ‘technological singularity’ risks from artificial intelligence
Authors: Radanliev Petar , De Roure David , Maple Carsten , Ani Uchenna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article investigates cybersecurity (and risk) in the context of ‘technological singularity’ from artificial intelligence. The investigation constructs multiple risk forecasts that are synthesised in a new framework for counteracting risks from artificial intelligence (AI) itself. In other words, the research in this article is not just concerned with securing a system, but also analysing how the system responds when (internal and external) failure(s) and compromise(s) occur. This is an important methodological principle because not all systems can be secured, and totally securing a system is not feasible. Thus, we need to construct algorithms that will enable systems to continue operating even when parts of the system have been compromised. Furthermore, the article forecasts emerging cyber-risks from the integration of AI in cybersecurity. Based on the forecasts, the article is concentrated on creating synergies between the existing literature, the data sources identified in the survey, and forecasts. The forecasts are used to increase the feasibility of the overall research and enable the development of novel methodologies that uses AI to defend from cyber risks. The methodology is focused on addressing the risk of AI attacks, as well as to forecast the value of AI in defence and in the prevention of AI rogue devices acting independently.
Reappraisal of the braincase anatomy of the ornithopod dinosaurs Telmatosaurus and Zalmoxes from the Upper Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin (Romania) and the taxonomic reassessment of some previously referred specimens
Authors: Augustin Felix J. , Dumbravă Mihai D. , Bastiaans Dylan , Csiki-Sava Zoltán 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe hadrosauroid Telmatosaurus and the rhabdodontid Zalmoxes were the first and second dinosaur taxa that were described in detail from the famous Upper Cretaceous continental deposits of the Haţeg Basin by Franz Baron Nopcsa at the beginning of the twentieth century. Although they are among the most common and best-known dinosaurs discovered from these deposits, there are still many open questions as to their taxonomy and anatomy. Here, we re-describe two partial braincases from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Haţeg Basin that have been recently referred to the rhabdodontid Zalmoxes and re-assign them to hadrosauroids, possibly to Telmatosaurus. These specimens both exhibit basicranial features that are characteristic of derived hadrosauroids but are absent in more basal iguanodontians. These include an antero-posteriorly short basioccipital lacking a distinct neck, the presence of two well-developed sphenoccipital tubercles on the ventral aspect of the braincase and that are directly positioned anterior to the basioccipital, as well as a deep depression on the ventral aspect of the braincase between the sphenoccipital tubercles. The comparison provided herein demonstrates several important differences between the basicranium of hadrosauroids and that of rhabdodontids, which allows for the confident identification of even isolated and incomplete specimens. Moreover, the removal of the only basicranium that has been referred to Zalmoxes shqiperorum prompts a revised diagnosis of that species.
Modelling Sub-daily Precipitation Extremes with the Blended Generalised Extreme Value Distribution
Authors: Vandeskog Silius M. , Martino Sara , Castro-Camilo Daniela , Rue Håvard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new method is proposed for modelling the yearly maxima of sub-daily precipitation, with the aim of producing spatial maps of return level estimates. Yearly precipitation maxima are modelled using a Bayesian hierarchical model with a latent Gaussian field, with the blended generalised extreme value (bGEV) distribution used as a substitute for the more standard generalised extreme value (GEV) distribution. Inference is made less wasteful with a novel two-step procedure that performs separate modelling of the scale parameter of the bGEV distribution using peaks over threshold data. Fast inference is performed using integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) together with the stochastic partial differential equation approach, both implemented in . Heuristics for improving the numerical stability of with the GEV and bGEV distributions are also presented. The model is fitted to yearly maxima of sub-daily precipitation from the south of Norway and is able to quickly produce high-resolution return level maps with uncertainty. The proposed two-step procedure provides an improved model fit over standard inference techniques when modelling the yearly maxima of sub-daily precipitation with the bGEV distribution. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear on-line.
Quotients, $$\ell _\infty $$ and abstract Cesàro spaces
Authors: Kiwerski Tomasz , Kolwicz Paweł , Tomaszewski Jakub 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInvestigating some re-arrangement properties of the norm in the quotient spaces $$X/X_a$$

X
/

X
a

we determine the properties of the codomain space X guaranteeing the existence of a lattice isometric copy of $$\ell _\infty $$

ℓ
∞

in the abstract Cesàro space CX.
The D-BEST Reference Model: A Flexible and Sustainable Support for the Digital Transformation of Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Sassanelli Claudio , Terzi Sergio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNowadays, to remain competitive, manufacturing companies must address the Industry 4.0 paradigm, particularly the cyber-physical system (CPS) revolution, following sustainable challenges. Digital innovation hubs (DIHs), as ecosystems that provide technical knowhow, experimental skills, and specialist knowledge, are progressively gaining a strategic role in supporting such a transition, especially in European small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Several projects have been funded by the European Commission to support the growth and action of DIHs. However, which among the four main functionalities (networking, skills and training, test before investing, and access to funding) each DIH is capable of addressing in its daily support action to companies is still unclear. Thus, it is important to configure the service portfolios of DIHs (i.e. the set of services that each DIH can provide based on its characterising assets, knowledge, and capabilities). In this paper, the data-driven business–ecosystem–skills–technology (D-BEST) reference model is proposed and then tested through a survey. The model triggers the identification and materialisation of service-based collaboration processes among DIHs based on their service portfolio analysis and supports the modelling of Collaborative Networks 4.0, in which DIHs are a strategic player because of their ‘by-design’ innovation characteristics. Finally, through the extended adoption of the models developed by different emerging DIH networks, flexibility and interoperability can be reached, fostering the adoption of a unique digital platform to showcase and offer assets, triggering the creation of multiple inter- and intra-communications and collaborations among stakeholders belonging to the DIH ecosystems, and favouring the exchange and development of joint services.
Magnetron sputtering NbSe2 film as lubricant for space current-carrying sliding contact
Authors: Yang Yang , Pei Lulu , Zhang Hongzhang , Feng Kai , Ju Pengfei , Duan Wenshan , Ji Li , Li Hongxuan , Liu Xiaohong , Zhou Huidi , Chen Jianmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study demonstrates that magnetron-sputtered NbSe2 film can be used as a lubricant for space current-carrying sliding contact, which accommodates both metal-like conductivity and MoS2-like lubricity. Deposition at low pressure and low energy is performed to avoid the generation of the interference phase of NbSe3. The composition, microstructure, and properties of the NbSe2 films are further tailored by controlling the sputtering current. At an appropriate current, the film changed from amorphous to crystalline, maintained a dense structure, and exhibited excellent comprehensive properties. Compared to the currently available electrical contact lubricating materials, the NbSe2 film exhibits a significant advantage under the combined vacuum and current-carrying conditions. The friction coefficient decreases from 0.25 to 0.02, the wear life increases more than seven times, and the electric noise reduces approximately 50%.
Carbon fiber cannot always reduce the wear of PEEK for orthopedic implants under DPPC lubrication
Authors: Yan Shuai , Men Shichao , Zou Hongbo , Wang Haoji , Zhang Zhongjiang , Wang Chunshen , Sui Tianyi , Lin Bin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExcellent wear resistance is an important feature of orthopedic implants. However, although pure polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is outperformed by carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (CF-PEEK) for stability and durability under laboratory conditions, it is not clear whether CF-PEEK should be preferred in all real-world applications. Results indicate that, under dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lubrication, the wear rates of PEEK are 35%—80% lower than the wear rates of CF-PEEK for different implant materials, speeds, loadings, and DPPC concentrations. Molecular dynamics calculations confirm that DPPC self-assembles on the PEEK surface to form an easily adsorbed continuous phospholipid lubricating film. In contrast, the carbon fibers on the CF-PEEK surface hinder the formation of the protective DPPC film and the CF-PEEK surface is thus subject to faster wear.