bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of baseline status on cardiovascular responses post-isometric handgrip exercise.
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Gupta Kapil , Dave Harsh S , Tak Amit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise causes changes in heart rate variability (HRV) and hemodynamic responses with individual differences. We test the hypothesis that baseline measurements affect post-exercise outcomes.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 45 males aged 17 to 22 years were enrolled from SMS Medical College, Jaipur (India). Hemodynamic and HRV data were collected at baseline, during, and after 5 minutes of IHG exercise. The absolute and relative responses were compared before, during, and after the exercise using nonparametric tests. The relationship of baseline with outcomes was evaluated using Pearson's correlation.
Results
The study showed a significant increase in the absolute values of hemodynamic parameters and LF/HF ratio during and after 5 minutes of IHG exercise compared to the baseline. However, a significant decrease and increase occurred in all the relative hemodynamic and most HRV parameters respectively after 5 minutes than during the IHG exercise. Hemodynamic parameters showed a significant correlation with baseline during and after 5 minutes of IHG exercise. Similarly, baseline affects all the HRV parameters during IHG exercise, but not after 5 minutes of IHG exercise.
Conclusion
The present study concludes that initial baseline status should be considered while evaluating the post-IHG exercise responses.
The shared genetic architecture of smoking behaviours and psychiatric disorders: Evidence from a population-based longitudinal study in England
Authors: Ajnakina Olesya , Steptoe Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Considering the co‐morbidity of major psychiatric disorders and intelligence with smoking, to increase our understanding of why some people take up smoking or continue to smoke, while others stop smoking without progressing to nicotine dependence, we investigated the genetic propensities to psychiatric disorders and intelligence as determinants of smoking initiation, heaviness of smoking and smoking cessation in older adults from the general population.
Results: One standard deviation increase in MDD-PGS was associated with increased odds of being a moderate to heavy smoker (odds ratio [OR]=1.11, SE=0.04, 95%CI=1.00-1.24, p=0.028). There were no other significant associations between SZ-PGS, BD-PGS, or IQ-PGS and smoking initiation, heaviness of smoking and smoking cessation in older adults from the general population in the UK.
Conclusions: Smoking is the behaviour that does not appear to share common genetic ground with schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, and intelligence in older adults, which may suggest that it is more likely to be modifiable by smoking cessation interventions. Once started to smoke, older adults with a higher polygenic predisposition to major depressive disorders are more likely to be moderate to heavy smokers, implying that these adults may require targeted smoking cessation services.
Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, general health and quality of life among baccalaureate nursing students at one year into the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed method study
Authors: Rohde Gudrun , Johannessen Berit , Maaseide Markus , Flateland Sylvi , Skisland Anne Valen , Moi Ellen Benestad , Haraldstad Kristin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to major changes in people’s lives via protective strategies aimed at limiting the transmission of COVID-19, including social distancing, lockdowns, cancelled or limited leisure activities and tutorials and supervision for students taking place digital. All of these changes may have influenced students’ health and quality of life (QOL).
Aim: To describe and explore fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, as well as general health and QOL, among baccalaureate nursing students at 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: We used a mixed method study design, including quantitative data from one university in southern Norway that was a part of a national survey of baccalaureate nursing students and qualitative data from focus group interviews from the same university. The quantitative data were collected using well-validated measures of fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, general health and QOL, and the data were analysed using the ANOVA-tests for continuous data and chi-square tests for categorical data. The qualitative data were analysed using systematic text condensation.
Results: The quantitative survey included 396 baccalaureate nursing students (response rate: 46%). The mean score (standard deviation [SD]) for fear of COVID-19 was 2.32 (0.71), for psychological distress was 1.53 (1.00), for general health was 3.51 (0.96) and for overall QOL was 6.01 (2.06).
Five focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 23 students (7 men, 16 women). In the qualitative data, we identified the overarching theme effect of COVID-19 on students’ QOL and the three main themes; importance of personal relations, physical health challenges andmental health challenges.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic influenced negatively nursing students’ QOL and physical and mental health, and they often felt lonely. However, most of the participants also adapted strategies and resilience factors to cope with the situation. Via the pandemic situation, the students learned additional skills and mental mindsets that may be useful in their future professional lives.
Ligand-Enabled Ni-Catalyzed Hydroarylation and Hydroalkenylation of Internal Alkenes with Organoborons
Authors: Wang Dao-Ming , She Li-Qin , Wu Yichen , Zhu Chunyin , Wang Peng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed hydrofunctionalization of alkenes offers an efficient solution for the rapid construction of complex functional molecules, and significant progress has been made during last decades. However, the hydrofunctionalization of internal alkenes remains a significant challenge due to the low reactivity and the difficulties of controlling the regioselectivity. Here, we report the hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation of internal alkenes lacking a directing group with aryl and alkenyl boronic acids in the presence of a nickel catalyst, featuring a broad substrate scope and wide functional group tolerance under redox-neutral conditions. The key to achieving this reaction is the identification of a bulky 1-adamantyl β-diketone ligand, which is capable of overcoming the low reactivity of internal 1,2-disubstituted alkenes. Preliminary mechanistic studies unveiled that this reaction underwent an Ar-Ni(II)-H initiated hydroarylation process, which is generated by the oxidative addition of alcoholic solvent with Ni(0) species and sequential transmetalation. In addition, the oxidative addition of the alcoholic solvent proves to be the rate-determining step of this novel process.
Treatment of tibial plateau fractures by modified posterior medial approach
Authors: Sun Weijun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To report the effect of posterior medial approach preserving pes anserinus in the treatment of tibial plateau fracture.
Method
Patients who underwent surgery in a large hospital due to tibial plateau fractures from December 2013 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients underwent a posteromedial approach preserving the pes anserinus and a traditional posteromedial approach.The general information, fracture classification, preoperative and postoperative conditions of the patients were recorded and compared. HSS score and VAS score were used to evaluate knee function and pain respectively.
Result
All patients were followed for more than 1 year.In general, there were no statistically significant differences to the baseline demographic factors between the two groups.The patients in the observation group had longer operation time, more intraoperative bleeding and intraoperative fluoroscopy times, the difference was statistically significant.The observation group had lower VAS scores, either on day 1, day 3 or day 14 after surgery.The observation group had a better HSS score 3 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant. However, there was no significant difference in HSS score between the two groups one year after operation.Similarly, the patients in the observation group had better knee range of motion 3 months after operation, and the difference was statistically significant. However, there was no significant difference in HSS score between the two groups one year after operation.
Conclusion
In conclusion, compared with the traditional posteromedial approach, the modified posteromedial approach with pes anserinu preserved can significantly reduce soft tissue injury in the operative area, relieve early postoperative pain, and improve early knee range of motion.
High-swelling β-cyclodextrin polymer as a high-affinity adsorbent for rapid removal of pollutants in water
Authors: Zhang Kai , Dai Yu , Liu Rui , Zhang Wanglong , Ma Ruiqi , Shi Yongli , Dai Guofei , Zhang Xiaojin , Xia Fan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Global water pollution with thousands of industrial and natural chemical compounds, such as drugs, endocrine disruptors, dyes and metal ions, has raised concerns about the potential negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Renewable adsorbents with rapid adsorption and high capacity are highly desirable for water treatment. Here, we report a high-swelling β-cyclodextrin polymer with flexible chelating groups, providing multiple active adsorption sites and high specific surface area after swelling that has high affinity and binding energy for different types of pollutants in water. Its adsorption rate for MB, BPA, Cu2+ is 106-470 times, 5-15 times, 14-23 times and adsorption capacity is 1-7 times greater than those of activated carbons and low-swelling β-cyclodextrin polymers. The adsorbent is low cost, regenerates under mild conditions, and rapidly removes mixed contaminants at environmentally relevant concentrations. For a large-scale purification of polluted lakes, for example, 3.78×107 m3 water storage capacity (Ya-Er Lake in Wuhan), the cost using our adsorbent is about 0.45 million USD (excluding labor cost), which is far less than the budgeted oxidation treatment cost of 56.83 million USD. Our findings demonstrate the promise of high-swelling cyclodextrin-based polymers for rapid, high-capacity purification of tap water, treatment of industrial wastewater, and remediation of contaminated surface water.
Understanding Virtual Primary Healthcare with Indigenous Populations: A Rapid Evidence Review
Authors: Fitzpatrick Kayla M. , Meagan Ody , Goveas Danika , Montesanti Stephanie , Paige Campbell , MacDonald Kathryn , Crowshoe Lynden , Campbell Sandra , Roach Pamela 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Virtual care has become an increasingly useful tool for the virtual delivery of care across the globe. With the unexpected emergence of COVID-19 and ongoing public health restrictions, it has become evident that the delivery of high-quality telemedicine is critical to ensuring the health and wellbeing of Indigenous peoples, especially those living in rural and remote communities.
Methods: We conducted a rapid evidence review from August to December 2021 to understand how high quality Indigenous primary healthcare is defined in virtual modalities. After completing data extraction and quality appraisal, a total of 20 articles were selected for inclusion. The following question was used to guide the rapid review: How is high quality Indigenous primary healthcare defined in virtual modalities?
Results: We discuss key limitations to the delivery of virtual care, including the increasing cost of technology, lack of accessibility, challenges with digital literacy, and language barriers. This review further yielded three main themes that highlight Indigenous virtual primary healthcare quality: (1) the importance of Indigenous-centred virtual care, (2) virtual Indigenous relationality and the building of trust, and (3) collaborative approaches to ensuring holistic virtual care.
Discussion: For virtual care to be Indigenous-centred, Indigenous leadership and users need to be partners in the development, implementation and evaluation of the intervention, service or program. In terms of virtual models of care, time must be allocated to educate Indigenous partners on digital literacy, virtual care infrastructure, benefits and limitations. Relationality and culture must be prioritized as well as digital health equity.
Conclusion: These findings highlight important considerations for strengthening virtual primary healthcare approaches to meet the needs of Indigenous peoples worldwide.
Silencing of MEG3 gene promoted anti-cancer activity and drug sensitivity in glioma
Authors: Avsar Timucin , Degirmenci Zehra , Kilic Turker 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aberrant expression of MEG3 has been shown in various cancers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of MEG3 on glioma cells including U87MG and patient-derived primary tumors cells and compare with nonglial HUVEC cells. Cell viability, migration and chemo sensitivity was assayed. Apoptosis was evaluated in MEG3 overexpressing and MEG3 suppressed cells. MEG3 expression was compared in patient-derived tumor cells with respect to IDH1 mutation status and WHO-grades. Silencing of MEG3 inhibited cell proliferation and reduced cell migration while overexpression of MEG3 promoted cell proliferation in glioma cells. MEG3 inhibition improved chemo sensitivity of glioma cells to 5-fluorouracil(5FU) but not to navitoclax. Suppression of MEG3 gene in patient-derived oligodendroglioma cells also showed the same effect whereas glioblastoma cell proliferation and chemo sensitivity were not affected by MEG3 inhibition. Further, cell death mechanism of action was found as apoptosis. Although MEG3 is a widely known tumor suppressor gene and its loss is associated with several cancer types, here we reported that MEG3 inhibition can be used in drug sensitivity for improving efficiency of known chemotherapeutics. We propose that the level of MEG3 should be evaluated in treatment of different glioma subtypes that are resistant to effective drugs.
Healthy City: Global Systematic Scoping Review of City Initiatives to Improve Health with Policy Recommendations
Authors: danielli shaun , Ashrafian Hutan , Darzi Ara 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Global health will increasingly be determined by cities. Currently over half of the world’s population, over 4 billion people, live in cities. This systematic scoping review has been conducted to understand what cities are doing to improve health and healthcare for their populations.
Methods
We conducted a systematic search to identify literature on city-wide initiatives to improve health. The study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020166210).
Results
The search identified 42,137 original citations, yielding 1,614 papers across 227 cities meeting the inclusion criteria. The results show the majority of initiatives were targeted at non-communicable diseases. City health departments are making an increasing contribution however the role of mayors appears to be limited.
Conclusion
The collective body of evidence identified in this review, built up over the last 130 years, has hitherto been poorly documented and characterised. Cities are a meta-system with population health dictated by multiple interactions and multidirectional feedback loops. Improving health in cities requires multiple actions, by multiple actors, at every level. The authors use the term ‘The Vital 5’. They are the 5 most important health risk factors; tobacco use; harmful alcohol use; physical-inactivity, unhealthy diet and planetary health. These ‘Vital 5’ are most concentrated in deprived areas and show the greatest increase is in low and middle income countries. Every city should develop a comprehensive strategy and action plan to address these ‘Vital 5’
The Hardness Calculator
Authors: Dovale-Farelo Viviana , Tavadze Pedram , Lang Logan , Bautista-Hernandez Alejandro , Romero Aldo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This investigation has studied the six most-used macroscopic models to compute hardness from the elastic constants, using an experimental database of 143 materials. "The Hardness Calculator" is proposed as a solution to estimate hardness in an easy, fast and confident manner. This study divides into two stages. The first approach, referred to as "The Classic Calculator", is a selection model based on simple properties of a solid such as crystal system, bandgap, and density. The second phase is machine learning (ML) based, and it is referred to as "The Machine Learning Calculator". We used two different methods to compute hardness in the ML approach. The first ML method is a classifier that targets the best model to calculate hardness using the mechanical properties of a solid (bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio) as input variables. The second ML method is a regressor that directly predicts the value of hardness using the same input variables as the classifier. Using the Materials Project's database, the classic and ML schemes were compared and tested to predict new hard and superhard materials. All methods are available in a free-access online application for users to discriminate between the different available results.
Exercise Persistence and Subjective Well-being: A Chain Mediating Effect Model
Authors: Hui Zhen , Guo Ke-Lei , Huang Wei-Bo , Ma Xiao-Hua , Jia Shu-Bo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between exercise persistence (EA), personal growth initiative (PGI), mindfulness and subjective well-being (SWB), which is beneficial to improve the subjective well-being of college students and promote the development of physical and mental health.
Methods: A total of 894 college students (average age =19.51 years, SD = 0.85 years) were sampled by stratified cluster sampling. EA, mindfulness, PGI, and SWB were assessed using standard scales. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, structural equation model test and bias-correction percentile Bootstrap method.
Results: (1) There was a significant positive correlation between EA and SWB (r= 0.353), and the direct path between EA and SWB was significant (β= 0.592, t = 5.480, p < 0.01). (2) EApositively predicted mindfulness (β= 0.104, t = 8.964, p< 0.01) and PGI(β= 0.251, t = 8.743, p < 0.01); mindfulness positively predicted SWB(β= 0.915, t = 2.775, p < 0.01) and PGI(β= 1.349, t = 16.985, p < 0.01); and PGIsignificantly positively predicted SWB (β= 1.080, t = 8.924, p < 0.01). (3) Mindfulness and PGI played a significant mediating role in the relationship between EA and SWB. Specifically, the intermediary effect is composed of three path of indirect effect: EA→ mindfulness→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.095), EA→ PGI→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.271), EA→ mindfulness→ PGI→ SWB (mediating effect value is 0.152). (4) There is no gender difference in the chain mediation effect.
Conclusion: (1) EA performance significantly positively predicts college students' mindfulness, PGIand SWB, which means that EA can promote college students' mindfulness, PGIand SWB; (2) EAcan not only directly affect SWB, but also indirectly affect SWBthrough the separate intermediary role of mindfulness and PGI, as well as the chain intermediary role of both. It further explains the reasons why EAhas an effect on College Students' SWB, which is of great significance to improve and intervene college students' SWB.
Impact of public health and social measures on hand-foot-mouth disease transmission and prediction of upcoming season after relaxation of COVID-19 control measures
Authors: Ryu Sukhyun , Han Changhee , Ali Sheikh Taslim , Achangwa Chiara , Yang Bingyi , Pei Sen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
School based-measures such as school closure and school holidays have been considered a viable intervention during the hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) epidemic. However, the impact of public health and social measures (PHSMs) on HFMD transmission and the consequences of the HFMD epidemic after relaxing the PHSMs remains unclear.
Methods
Korean national surveillance data on HFMD from 2014 to 2019 was used to estimate the temporal changes in HFMD transmissibility (instantaneous reproductive number, \({R}_{t}\)). Furthermore, we used a simulation based stochastic transmission model to predict the future burden of HFMDs after relaxation of COVID-19 PHSMs, assuming all the Korean population was susceptible to HFMD in 2023, the stochastic transmission model simulated the number of HFMD cases in South Korea.
Results
We found that school holidays and 2015 PHSMs reduced the \({R}_{t}\) by 2–7% and 13%, respectively. Model projections indicated that the peak magnitude for season 2023, after relaxation of COVID-19 PHSMs in late 2022, could be 2·5–8·5 fold larger than that of the HFMD seasons during the pre-pandemic.
Conclusions
PHSMs likely have a larger impact on HFMD transmission than school-based measures alone (i.e. school holidays). Furthermore, complete relaxation of COVID-19 PHSMs could significantly increase the HFMD infection burden for the upcoming HFMD season. Preventive measures targeting preschoolers could be considered as potential options for reducing the future burden of HFMD.
Spatio-temporal Analysis of the Sources and Transformations of Anthropogenic Nitrogen in a Highly Degraded Coastal Basin in Southeast China
Authors: Cao Shengwei , Li Yasong , Hao Qichen , Liu Chunlei , Zhu Yuchen , Li Zhenghong , Yuan Ruoxi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNitrogen transport from terrestrial to aquatic environments could cause water quality deterioration and eutrophication. By sampling in the high- and low-flow periods in a highly disturbed coastal basin of southeast China, hydrochemical characteristics, nitrate stable isotope composition, and the Bayesian mixing model were combined to determine the sources and transformation of nitrogen. Nitrate was the main form of nitrogen. Nitrification, nitrate assimilation, and NH4+volatilization were the main nitrogen transformation processes, whereas denitrification was limited due to the high flow rate and unsuitable physicochemical properties. For both sampling periods, non-point source pollution from the upper to the middle reaches was the main source of nitrogen, especially in the high-flow period. In addition to synthetic fertilizer, atmospheric deposition and sewage and manure input were also major nitrate sources in the low-flow period. Hydrological condition was the main factor determining nitrate transformation in this coastal basin, despite the high degree of urbanization and the high volume of sewage discharge in the middle to the lower reaches. The findings of this study highlight that the control of agricultural non-point contamination sources is essential to pollution and eutrophication alleviation, especially for watersheds that receive high amounts of annual precipitation.