bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac metabolism in HFpEF: from fuel to signalling
Authors: Capone Federico , Sotomayor-Flores Cristian , Bode David , Wang Rongling , Rodolico Daniele , Strocchi Stefano , Schiattarella Gabriele G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is marked by distinctive changes in myocardial uptake and utilization of energy substrates. Among the different types of HF, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent, complex, and heterogeneous condition for which metabolic derangements seem to dictate disease progression. Changes in intermediate metabolism in cardiometabolic HFpEF—among the most prevalent forms of HFpEF—have a large impact both on energy provision and on a number of signalling pathways in the heart. This dual, metabolic vs. signalling, role is played in particular by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and short-chain carbon sources [namely, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ketone bodies (KBs)]. LCFAs are key fuels for the heart, but their excess can be harmful, as in the case of toxic accumulation of lipid by-products (i.e. lipotoxicity). SCFAs and KBs have been proposed as a potential major, alternative source of energy in HFpEF. At the same time, both LCFAs and short-chain carbon sources are substrate for protein post-translational modifications and other forms of direct and indirect signalling of pivotal importance in HFpEF pathogenesis. An in-depth molecular understanding of the biological functions of energy substrates and their signalling role will be instrumental in the development of novel therapeutic approaches to HFpEF. Here, we summarize the current evidence on changes in energy metabolism in HFpEF, discuss the signalling role of intermediate metabolites through, at least in part, their fate as substrates for post-translational modifications, and highlight clinical and translational challenges around metabolic therapy in HFpEF.
Cropbox: a declarative crop modelling framework
Authors: Yun Kyungdahm , Kim Soo-Hyung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe introduce Cropbox, a novel modelling framework that supports various aspects of crop modelling in a unique yet concise style. Building a crop model can be easily riddled with technical details looking trivial at first but later becoming major obstacles that hamper the whole development or application process. This is particularly the case when implementing models from scratch without relying on an established framework. Cropbox adopts a declarative approach providing a domain-specific language to reduce technical debt and assist modellers to focus on high-level abstraction formed by relations between variables and enclosing systems, rather than tinkering with low-level implementation details. The syntax of Cropbox framework is based on the Julia programming language and is deliberately constrained to avoid unintended side effects caused by common mistakes while its architecture remains open to extension. We highlight key capabilities of the framework through case studies featuring a leaf gas-exchange model and a whole-plant simulation model. We also illustrate potential extensions for supporting functional-structural plant modelling by demonstrating a 3D root architectural model as an example.
Perceived Fairness Concerns Within Pandemic Response Technology
Authors: Ryan Seamus , Nurgalieva Leysan , Doherty Gavin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The response to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has involved the creation of complex, novel public health technologies deployed at an unprecedented scale. One such technology intervention is the deployment of digital COVID certificates, applications that confirm a person’s COVID-19 immunity status via vaccination, negative tests or having contracted the disease. These certificates have formed part of governmental strategies to manage the resumption of travel and social activities. The potential impact of these technologies on daily life has led to perceived concerns regarding the fairness of the restrictions associated with these systems. These fairness concerns are intuitively understood by users, and challenges exist in conceptualizing them in a manner that is addressable with the tools available to application and system designers. In order to improve our understanding of the fairness concerns of users and how we might conceptualize them, we analysed 27 semi-structured interviews with Irish participants regarding the use of digital immunity certificates. Our results suggest that the user perceptions of the fairness of such solutions are primarily thought about at the group level, with the concerns of Anti-discrimination and Egalitarianism being the most frequently discussed. Based on our analysis, we further identify societal and technical accessibility as important factors when attempting to address these fairness concerns.
Sensitive immunoassay ofLegionellausing multivalent conjugates of engineered VHHs
Authors: Kiyose Norihiko , Miyazaki Nobuo , Furuhata Katsunori , Ito Yuji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVHH antibodies or nanobodies, which are antigen-binding domains of heavy chain antibodies from camelid species, have several advantageous characteristics, including compact molecular size, high productibility in bacteria and easy engineering for functional improvement. Focusing on these advantages of VHHs, we attempted to establish an immunoassay system for detection of Legionella, the causative pathogen of Legionnaires’ disease. A VHH phage display library was constructed using cDNA from B cells of alpacas immunized with Legionella pneumophila serogroup1 (LpSG1). Through biopanning, two specific VHH clones were isolated and used to construct a Legionella detection system based on the latex agglutination assay. After engineering the VHHs and improving the assay system, the sensitive detection system was successfully established for the LpSG1 antigen. The immunoassay developed in this study should be useful in easy and sensitive detection of Legionella, the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, which is a potentially fatal pneumonia.
Mathematical formulation and an improved moth–flame optimization algorithm for parallel two-sided disassembly line balancing based on fixed common stations
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhang Zeqiang , Yin Tao , Liang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, rapid product iterations result in large quantities of end-of-life products. To meet the fast-growing demand for remanufacturing engineering, companies have quickened the standardization and industrialization of waste dissembling. Two-sided disassembly lines can effectively disassemble large-sized products on both sides of the lines, and parallel disassembly lines can disassemble multiple products simultaneously with fewer workstations and higher production efficiency. Combining the two types of disassembly can effectively increase the disassembly efficiency of large-sized products. However, the parallel two-sided disassembly line has not been fully investigated because of the essential complexity of the problem. Therefore, this research introduced the parallel two-sided disassembly line balancing problem with fixed common stations. First, a multi-objective mixed-integer programming model is established to solve the problem for the first time. The model is proved to be correct through small-scale numerical examples. Second, a multi-objective improved moth–flame optimization algorithm is implemented to solve the proposed large-scale problems. The proposed algorithm employs a two-phase decoding approach to design the scheme and a discrete moth for fire operation to search and replace new individuals, and then a restart strategy is introduced to reduce the probability of the population falling into a local optimum. Finally, the algorithm solved extensive disassembly line balancing problems with different layouts, including the straight-line, two-sided, and parallel two-sided, and case studies demonstrated the reliability and validity of the proposed method.
Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Health Belief Model Questionnaire (HBMQ) for weight management behaviour for use in a Southeast Asian country
Authors: Raman Sivasankari , Ong Siew Chin , Ooi Guat See 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn the past 50 years, obesity and being overweight have become significant health concerns that cause a rise in the risk of illness, impairing quality of life and increasing financial burdens worldwide. The purpose of the study is to conduct translation and cross-cultural adaptation of a Health Belief Model Questionnaire (HBMQ) for weight management behaviour into the Malay language and to validate the questionnaire.MethodsThe HBMQ was adapted and translated into the Malay language based on published international guidelines. The content validity and the face validity were analysed by a panel of 10 experts. A pilot test was conducted with 35 students from Universiti Sains Malaysia to evaluate internal consistency. A cross-sectional study was carried out by distributing the self-administered HBMQ to the general public in Malaysia and 505 subjects were successfully recruited. The construct validity was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. The first 112 participants completed the survey again one week later for the evaluation of test-retest reliability.Key findingsIn total, 79 questions had an item-level content validity index (I-CVI) score of &gt;0.80 and have been evaluated as excellent inferring acceptable content validity. The remaining seven items in the instrument had an I-CVI score &lt; 0.80 and were removed based on the experts’ consensus. The item-level face validity index value for each item range was between 0.8 and 1.0, indicating a satisfactory level of face validity. For construct validity, eight factors were requested and 74 items had a significant to strong factor loading of &gt;0.4. The rotation of items showed five items had factor loadings &lt;0.4 (item numbers 14, 57, 77, 78 and 79) and have been removed.ConclusionsThe findings in this study conclude that the translated Health Belief Model-Malay version has adequate content validity, face validity, construct validity and reliability.
Comparison of the clinical outcomes following total knee arthroplasty in osseous ankylosed and non-ankylosed knees using propensity-score matching
Authors: Kii Sakumo , Sonohata Motoki , Nakashima Takema , Hashimoto Akira , Ueno Masaya , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Few studies have compared the clinical outcomes and complications of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with and without osseous ankylosed knees. Thus, we investigated the clinical outcomes and complications of TKA in patients with osseous ankylosed knees using a propensity-score matching method.

Methods
Thirteen knees in the osseous ankylosed-knees group and 13 knees in the non-ankylosed-knees group were included after excluding those with less than 2 years of follow-up or a lack of data and after propensity-score matching. The American Knee Society Score-knee (AKSS-knee), AKSS-function, knee-flexion angle, knee-extension angle, knee range of motion (ROM) before and after TKA, and the number of knees with postoperative complications were evaluated as primary outcomes.

Results
The AKSS-knee, AKSS-function, knee-flexion angle, and knee ROM in the osseous ankylosed-knees group after TKA were significantly lower than those in the non-ankylosed-knees group. The knee-extension angle after TKA and number of knees with postoperative complications within 2 years were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusions
The clinical results of TKA in patients with osseous ankylosed knees were inferior to those in patients with non-ankylosed knees.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile for the US Neisseria meningitidis Urethritis Clade
Authors: Bazan Jose A , Tzeng Yih-Ling , Bischof Katarina M , Satola Sarah W , Stephens David S , Edwards Jennifer L , Carter Alexandria , Snyder Brandon , Turner Abigail Norris 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The US Neisseria meningitidis urethritis clade (US_NmUC) harbors gonococcal deoxyribonucleic acid alleles and causes gonorrhea-like urogenital tract disease. A large convenience sample of US_NmUC isolates (N = 122) collected between January 2015 and December 2019 in Columbus, Ohio demonstrated uniform susceptibility to antibiotics recommended for gonorrhea treatment and meningococcal chemoprophylaxis.
A Turtle Disaster: Salmonella enteritidis Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection
Authors: Brenneman Ethan , Keil Elizabeth , Advani Sonali D , Campbell Kristen Bova , Wrenn Rebekah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections have high mortality and morbidity. CIED infections secondary to gram-negative pathogens are rare, and there are few data regarding their treatment. We report a case of a 60-year-old male who developed recurrent Salmonella enteritidis bacteremia leading to CIED infection and nonsusceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
The Impact of a Walk-in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Model for People Who Are Incompletely Engaged in Care: The Moderate Needs (MOD) Clinic
Authors: Kumbhakar Raaka G , Budak Jehan Z , Tao Yuan , Beste Jason , Lake Eve , Navabi Nazlee , Mose Eric , Barker Gwen , Lee Ji , Hara Katie , Khosropour Christine , Dhanireddy Shireesha , Dombrowski Julia C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The Moderate Needs (MOD) Clinic in Seattle, Washington provides walk-in primary care for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are incompletely engaged in standard care.

Methods
We evaluated HIV outcomes among patients enrolled in the MOD Clinic (within group analysis) and, separately, among MOD patients versus patients who were MOD-eligible but did not enroll (comparison group analysis) during January 1, 2018–September 30, 2021. The primary outcome was viral suppression ([VS] viral load &lt;200 copies/mL); secondary outcomes care engagement (≥2 visits ≥60 days apart) and sustained VS (≥2 consecutive suppressed viral loads ≥60 days apart). In the within group analysis, we examined outcomes at time of MOD enrollment versus 12 months postenrollment. In the comparison group analysis, we examined outcomes at the time of MOD eligibility versus 12 months posteligibility. Both analyses used modified Poisson regression.

Results
Most patients in MOD (N = 213) were unstably housed (52%) and had psychiatric comorbidities (86%) or hazardous substance use (81%). Among patients enrolled ≥12 months (N = 164), VS did not increase significantly from baseline to postenrollment (63% to 71%, P = .11), but care engagement and sustained VS both improved (37% to 86%, P &lt; .001 and 20% to 53%, P &lt; .001, respectively) from pre-enrollment to 12 months postenrollment. In the comparison group analysis, VS worsened in nonenrolled patients (N = 517) from baseline to 12 months posteligibility (82% to 75%, P &lt; .001). Patients in the MOD Clinic who met criteria for the comparison group analysis (N = 68) were more likely than nonenrolled patients to be engaged in care at 12 months posteligibility (relative risk, 1.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.63).

Conclusions
The MOD Clinic enrollment was associated with improved engagement in care. This model adds to the spectrum of differentiated HIV care services.
Identifying Patient-Centered Outcomes for Caregivers and Children With Musculoskeletal Infections
Authors: Wood James B , Hawryluk Bridget , Lynch Dustin , Claxton Gina , Russell Kelsey , Bennett William E , Wiehe Sarah E , Carroll Aaron E 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Musculoskeletal infections (MSKI), including osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, are among the most common invasive infections in children and have the potential to cause significant morbidity. Guidelines have been developed to optimize care based on clinician-developed endpoints. Patient-centered outcomes have not been defined for children with MSKI. This study identified outcomes most important to caregivers and patients with MSKI.

Methods
This was a single-center prospective qualitative study of children 6 months to 18 years of age hospitalized with MSKI from November 2019 to September 2021. Using design-research methods, patients and caregivers participated in interviews and/or completed journals to describe their experiences during acute infection and recovery from MSKI.

Results
A total of 51 patient/caregivers were approached to participate in the study, 35 of whom declined to participate, resulting in 8 interviews conducted and 14 journals collected from 16 patient/caregivers. From these, a journey map was created highlighting points of stress during the onset of symptoms, through hospitalization, and returning home with new challenges. In addition, patient-centered outcomes were identified. For caregivers, these included managing mental health, managing responsibilities, and receiving support. Both caregivers and patients shared the importance of understanding of treatment plans and responsibilities. For patients, improving mental and physical health was important.

Conclusions
Management of children with MSKI is complex and requires a multidisciplinary team approach. Validation of the outcomes identified and development of a measurement tool are needed. Addressing the patient-centered outcomes we identified in this study can greatly improve the holistic care of children with MSKI.
Modeling of geocoronal solar wind charge exchange events detected with Suzaku
Authors: Ishi Daiki , Ishikawa Kumi , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Terada Naoki , Ezoe Yuichiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A model of geocoronal solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) emission was built and compared to five Suzaku detections of bright geocoronal SWCX events. An exospheric neutral hydrogen distribution model, charge exchange cross-sections, solar wind ion data taken with the ACE and WIND satellites, and magnetic field models of the Earth’s magnetosphere are all combined in order to predict time-variable geocoronal SWCX emission depending on line-of-sight directions of the Suzaku satellite. The modeled average intensities of O vii emission lines were consistent with the observed ones within a factor of three in four out of the five cases except for an event in which a line-of-sight direction was toward the night side of the high-latitude magnetosheath and a major geomagnetic storm was observed. Those of O viii emission lines were underestimated by a factor of three or more in all five cases. On the other hand, the modeled O vii and O viii light curves reproduced the observed ones after being scaled by ratios between the observed and modeled average intensities. In particular, short-term variations due to line-of-sight directions traversing cusp regions during an orbital motion of the Suzaku satellite were reproduced. These results are discussed in the context of model uncertainties.
A biophysical model of viral escape from polyclonal antibodies
Authors: Yu Timothy C , Thornton Zorian T , Hannon William W , DeWitt William S , Radford Caelan E , Matsen Frederick A , Bloom Jesse D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A challenge in studying viral immune escape is determining how mutations combine to escape polyclonal antibodies, which can potentially target multiple distinct viral epitopes. Here we introduce a biophysical model of this process that partitions the total polyclonal antibody activity by epitope and then quantifies how each viral mutation affects the antibody activity against each epitope. We develop software that can use deep mutational scanning data to infer these properties for polyclonal antibody mixtures. We validate this software using a computationally simulated deep mutational scanning experiment and demonstrate that it enables the prediction of escape by arbitrary combinations of mutations. The software described in this paper is available at https://jbloomlab.github.io/polyclonal.
Plasmodesmal connectivity in C4Gynandropsis gynandrais induced by light and dependent on photosynthesis
Authors: Schreier Tina B. , Müller Karin H. , Eicke Simona , Faulkner Christine , Zeeman Samuel C. , Hibberd Julian M. 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYIn leaves of C4plants the reactions of photosynthesis become restricted between two compartments. Typically, this allows accumulation of C4acids in mesophyll cells and subsequent decarboxylation in the bundle sheath. In C4grasses proliferation of plasmodesmata between these cell types is thought to increase cell-to-cell connectivity to allow efficient metabolite movement. However, it is not known if C4dicotyledons also show this enhanced plasmodesmal connectivity and so whether this is a general requirement for C4photosynthesis is not clear. How mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in C4leaves become highly connected is also not known.We investigated these questions using 3D- and 2D- electron microscopy on the C4dicotyledonGynandropsis gynandraas well as phylogenetically close C3relatives.The mesophyll-bundle sheath interface of C4G. gynandrashowed higher plasmodesmal frequency compared with closely related C3species. Formation of these plasmodesmata was induced by light. Pharmacological agents that perturbed chloroplast development or photosynthesis reduced the number of plasmodesmata, but this inhibitory effect could be reversed by the provision of exogenous sucrose.We conclude that enhanced formation of plasmodesmata between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells is wired to the induction of photosynthesis in C4G. gynandra.
Spatial-temporal order-disorder transition in angiogenic NOTCH signaling controls cell fate specification
Authors: Kang Tae-Yun , Bocci Federico , Nie Qing , Onuchic José Nelson , Levchenko Andre 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAngiogenesis is a morphogenic process resulting in the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones, usually in hypoxic micro-environments. The initial steps of angiogenesis depend on robust differentiation of oligopotent endothelial cells into the Tip and Stalk phenotypic cell fates, controlled by NOTCH-dependent cell-cell communication. The dynamics of spatial patterning of this cell fate specification are only partially understood. Here, by combining a controlled experimental angiogenesis model with mathematical and computational analyses, we find that the regular spatial Tip-Stalk cell patterning can undergo an order-disorder transition at a relatively high input level of a pro-angiogenic factor VEGF. The resulting differentiation is robust but temporally unstable for most cells, with only a subset of presumptive Tip cells leading sprout extensions. We further find that sprouts form in a manner maximizing their mutual distance, consistent with a Turing-like model that may depend on local enrichment and depletion of fibronectin. Together, our data suggest that NOTCH signaling mediates a robust way of cell differentiation enabling but not instructing subsequent steps in angiogenic morphogenesis, which may require additional cues and self-organization mechanisms. This analysis can assist in further understanding of cell plasticity underlying angiogenesis and other complex morphogenic processes.Significance StatementWe investigate the spatial and temporal patterns of Tip/Stalk specification and the ensuing angiogenic sprouting by using a novel controlled micro-engineered experimental model of angiogenesis and a set of mathematical models of the spatially resolved, cell population-level VEGF-NOTCH signaling. Our analysis provides a dynamic view of the initial step of angiogenesis, revealing fluctuations in its onset, and features suggesting transitions between order and disorder in cell organization. These findings suggest how a potentially very restrictive patterning mechanism can become sensitive to a variety of environmental cues. This sensitivity can be crucial for proper vascularization of a damaged organ, and may suggest new ways of analyzing angiogenesis in the context of cancer and other pathologies. This analysis also suggests a framework for understanding of other instances of NOTCH-mediated patterning processes.