bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frost Protection with Foam Applied in Small Trenches
Authors: Heilman M. D. , Bartholic J. F. , Gonzalez C. L. , Farris B. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Foam was applied for frost protection to January planted cantaloupes (Cucumis melo L.) in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Two planting configurations consisting of shallow trenches and conventional beds were compared to evaluate volume of foam required and durability. The trench planting technique increased the foam’s durability and reduced the volume approximately three-fourths. The cost of foam application to a low profile crop in the shallow trenches was approximately $74.00 per hectare. Leaf temperature in the foamed trenches was up to 12°C warmer than nonfoamed conventional beds.
Regulation of Sex Expression and Seed Development in Grapes with 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid1
Authors: Kender Walter J. , Remaily George 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel)2, applied to grapevines as an aqueous spray at 100, 200, or 400 ppm, induced hard seed formation in 6 of 13 seedless cultivars studied. Viable seeds were produced in 2 of these cultivars.
Ethrel also promoted femaleness in the staminate flowers of the SO4 rootstock, resulting in fruit and hard seeds in this normally fruitless cultivar.
Horticultural Teaching nn Non-Baccalaureate Programs
Authors: Roberts Eliot C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The topic “non-baccalaureate programs” has received increasing attention during the past year. The September 1968 issue of the Journal of the National Association of Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture features papers on this subject. The committee on Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture sponsored by RICOP issued proceedings of an October 1968 conference held at Pennsylvania State University entitled A National Conference for Less-Than-Baccalaureate Degree Programs in Agriculture. Interest in these programs reflects the need of the agricultural industry for the services of graduates at this level.
Algorithm Hill Cipher for Securing Arabic Text Documents
Authors: Nihayah Ulin , Muanalifah Any , Fitriyah Aini 
Published: August 2022

This research is an application of Hill Cipher cryptographic techniques in the process of encoding messages in the form of Arabic text. Hill Cipher is a classic cryptographic algorithm that uses modulo matrix and arithmetic in its application. The Arabic text used in the Hill Cipher cryptographic technique includes hijaiyyah letters ا, ب, , ي, أ, إ, ؤ, ئ, ى, ة, space , ., ،, ؟, !, and Arabic numbers 0, 1, 9, so the modulo used is . This study discusses the steps in encrypting messages with examples of their application in securing Arabic text documents.
Synthesis of Silica from Rice Husk Ashes with Variation of Solvent (KOH) Concentration
Authors: Nisrinah Markha 
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this experiment is to utilize natural resources as the candidate of low cost and mass production of silica and to understand the effect of KOH concentration as solvent to the phase structure of silica. The silica was prepared by sol-gel method with rice husk ashes as the raw material from natural resources. The sample was further characterized by X-Ray Diffractometer. The grain size of samples was 490,35 nm, 700,88 nm and 490,44 nm for solvent variation of 5%, 10% and 15% respectively. Those three samples contain silica (SiO2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) obtained from XRD data. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Kinetics Study of Cd2+ and Zn2+ Metal Ion Adsorption Using Zeolite 4A
Authors: Suryandari Ervin Tri , Zulfikar M.A. , Nasir M. 
Published: August 2022

Cd (II) and Zn (II) are examples of heavy metal contaminants in waters that cause serious problems because of their toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective way to remove heavy metal ions from waters. Adsorption method is widely used because it has several advantages, namely high efficiency, easy handling, reusable, inexpensive, and many choices of materials that are used as adsorbent. One effective adsorbent used is a zeolite because it has high selectivity. This study aims to determine the kinetic model suitable for the process of Cd2+ and Zn2+ metal ion adsorption using Zeolite 4A as an adsorbent. The study was conducted by varying the contact time (10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes). The results showed that the Cd2+ adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model with a value of k = 0.205 g mg-1 min-1, R2 = 0.998, while the Zn2+ adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model with a value of k = 0.087 g mg-1 min-1, R2 = 0.995.. ©2017 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved
Implementation of Micro Usb Charger TP4056 and Battery Indicator LED in Portable Solar Charge
Authors: Arrohman Donny Auliya , Fikriyyah Nafis Ainun 
Published: August 2022

Mobile is a communication tool that is needed in today's era of globalization. The source of the cellphone's power is the battery which if the power goes out and the battery runs out, it is necessary to charge the battery to turn it back on. In this study, a portable solar panel-based charger was designed as an alternative to charging batteries without using a power source. The method used is research and development where this research produces a product. The results obtained indicate that the highest intensity value at 11:00 WIB is 5986 cd, the highest current value before entering the current stabilizer and voltage amplifier circuit is 0.004 A and the highest voltage is 5 V, for the current value after entering the current stabilizer and amplifier circuit. the overall voltage value is the same, namely 0.002A and 4V. This simple portable solar cell phone charger is able to supply power to the Nokia 215 Dual SIM for 5 hours and 30 minutes. There is an LED indicator on the portable solar charger where during the charging process it will be red, then after it is full it will be blue, and when it is running out it will be orange. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Genetic Algorithm for Solving 3 Dimensional Time Table Problem Based on Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) Method
Authors: Oktafiani Dwi Fatul , Khalif Muhammad Ardhi 
Published: August 2022

Scheduling problems are problems that are often faced by educational institutions, especially at the university level. This is because there are several obstacles in the preparation of the schedule, namely first, there should be no duplication of space, day, and hour. Second, there should be no duplication of lecturers on the same day and time, even though in different rooms and in different subjects. Third, there should be no duplication of group classes (study groups). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to obtain a genetic algorithm as a solution in overcoming the three constraints of preparing the schedule by using the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) method in the crossover process. To make it easier to organize the schedule, a 3-dimensional matrix is used with the x-axis representing (space, day, hour), the y-axis representing (courses, lecturers, credits) and the z-axis representing (classes). This study simulates the scheduling of 20 courses, 50 credits, 8 lecturers, and 19 classes. Chromosomes in this study are permutations of integers 1-20. Each gene in a chromosome represents a course package. From the scheduling results, the fitness function is 0.96 for 48 schedule slots (2 rooms x 3 days x 8 hours). For schedule slots greater than 50 (3 rooms x 3 days x 8 hours, 2 rooms x 4 days x 8 hours, and 2 rooms x 3 days x 9 hours), this algorithm is successful in getting fitness function 1. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Behavior Study of Periophthalmus variabilis and Boleophthalmus boddarti
Authors: Hidayat Saifullah 
Published: August 2022

This Gelodok fish (Mudskipper) which is called as amphibious fish have unique activity that can live in terrestrial and aquatic area. This study aims to study the daily activities of fish population 2 types of Periophthalmus variabilis and Boleophthalmus boddarti by using the scan sampling method and ad libitum. This research was conducted in September 2017 at the mouth of the river Tluwuk, Pati, Central Java. Observations were made for 150 minutes with a time interval of 5 minutes. The results showed that fish activity P. variabilis (v) was different from B. Boddarti (b). P. varibilis spends more time on land (90%) than in water (10%) whereas B. Boddarti activity is more in water (60%) than in land (40%). Observed activities are walking (a = 24,08 %., b = 11,73% ), jumping (a = 4.01%, b = 0.65%), feeding / catching prey (a = 5,01%, b = 7.82%), swimming (a = 2.01%, b = 11.72%), moving dorsal fins (a = 4.01%, b = 3.26%), moving caudal fins (a = 2 , A = 2.67%, b = 7.82%), escape predators (a = 3.34%, b = 6.51%), head movements (a = 4.01%, b = 15.63%), entering holes/nesting (a = 0.67%, b = 1.95%), and inactive (a = 40.13%, b = 19 , 54%).
Characterization of Magnetic Properties of the Coastal Sand Deposits in South Beach of Manokwari, West Papua
Authors: Ipa Sangaji Hasmi Maharani , Kubangun Siti Hadjar , Bijaksana Satria , Dahrin Darharta , Hasanah Innaa Uswatun 
Published: August 2022

Coastal sand deposits containing iron particles (magnetic) can be regarded as iron sand and it generally has color from gray to shiny black yet while it is mixed with other minerals, the mineral will have a certain color combination. Coastal sand in the South of Manokwari Regency, West Papua especially in Wosi Beach, Arfai Beach, and Maruni Beach has a different color of the grain according to the source rocks and the sedimentation process. To characterize the magnetic properties of the three coastal sand deposits, several experimentations were done through measurements of the density, magnetic degree, magnetic susceptibility, and also SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and EDS (Energy Dispersive X–Ray Spectroscopy) tests. The coastal sand deposition has a density ranging from 2.50–5.00 g cm-3 with the magnetic degree between 0.28–36.29 % and its magnetic susceptibility ranged 80.9×10-8 – 7447.7×10-8 m3 kg-1. The coastal sand from Arfai Beach has a magnetic susceptibility between the coastal sand from Wosi and Maruni Beach with the highest value reaching 5135.4 × 10-8 m3 kg-1. This is also supported by SEM and EDS data. The percentage of iron element mass (Fe) of the identified magnetic grain distribution in Wosi Beach sand is 6.71–33.90%, Arfai Beach sand is 11.35 – 38.45% and Maruni beach sand is 15.84–44.41%. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Zno/Ag Thin Layer Microstructure with The Effect of Annealing Temperature
Authors: Anggita Sheilla Rully , Setiawan Habik , Sutanto Heri 
Published: August 2022

The formation of ZnO/Ag morphology in the form of ganglia structures that are overgrown with grains in previous studies has been shown to degrade the presence of E. coli bacteria. In this research, the variations of annealing temperature were studied, namely 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃, and 400 ep when the 4% ZnO/Ag deposition had an effect on crystallinity and morphology. The crystallinity of ZnO/Ag was obtained by using the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test and the surface morphology of the ZnO/Ag layer using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) test. The results of the research with the XRD test showed that the crystal structure of ZnO/Ag 4% was hexagonal wurtzite at annealing temperature of 250 ℃ and 300 ℃, while the amorphous structure was obtained in ZnO/Ag with annealing temperature of 350 ℃ and 400 ℃. The largest average crystallite size was owned by ZnO/Ag at annealing temperature of 300 ℃ which was 83.408 µm. The morphology obtained from a thin layer of ZnO/Ag 4% with annealing temperature of 250 ℃ and 300 ℃ is in the form of grains composed of ganglia structures. The ZnO/Ag layer with annealing temperature of 300 ℃ had the largest roughness level of 0.422 µm and the largest surface area of 197.233 µm. Meanwhile, the morphology of ZnO / Ag at annealing temperature of 350 ℃ and 400 ℃ did not form a ganglia structure so that the roughness level was low and the surface area was small. The larger the crystallite size, the higher the roughness level, and the larger the resulting surface area. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Zeolite-Based Silica Synthesis With Calcination Temperature Variations 100oC, 150oC and 200oC
Authors: Maesari Helisa Duwi , Hidayah Misfalakhul 
Published: August 2022

This research on Zeolite-Based Silica Synthesis with Calcination Temperature Variations 100 , 150 , and 200 . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of calcination temperature on the silica structure contained in zeolites. Synthesis is made from zeolite, NaOH and HCl by sol-gel method and temperature calcination treatment 100 , 150 , and 200 . Zeolite samples were characterized by XRD (X- Ray Diffraction). The results showed that sample A with temperature 100 contains Quartz silica, moganite silica (SiO2), and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3). Sample B with temperature 150 contains Quartz silica (SiO2), and Anorthite (AlCaO8Si). Sample C with 200 contains Quartz silica and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3). As for the crystallite size in sample A measuring 678.51 nm, sample B measuring 488.16 nm and sample C measuring 488.13 nm. ©2018 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Determining Hair Thickness using the Light Diffraction Method: Verification of the Seven Times Sliced Hair Phenomenon
Authors: Ellianawati Ellianawati , Arravi Muhammad An’im , Wulandari Fitria , Istiqomah Rofita 
Published: August 2022

Light or optical spectrum is a part of electromagnetic radiation and has several electromagnetic wave properties; one of them is undergoing diffraction. Diffraction or light bending occurred when a light went through a narrow gap. By utilizing that principle, it was proven that a piece of hair could be assumed as a single gap, so the thickness of a piece of hair could be determined, which lead to the explanation of the phenomenon of a piece of hair sliced seven times. As a tool, the used sim cardholder is used to put hair using adhesive tape. Then the sim card is placed between the light source and the screen. The light source used is a red laser with a wavelength of 660 nm. Hair is placed in two positions: horizontally and vertically. Hair that is laid horizontally will create a vertical light-dark pattern, and hair that is placed vertically will form a horizontal light-dark pattern. The dark and light patterns on the screen are measured using a ruler according to the order of each pattern that is formed. The hair thickness measurement results using a red laser with a wavelength of 660 nm obtained hair thickness of d = (0.01146 ± 0.00019) cm for hair that is placed horizontally and d = (0.01151 ± 0.00011) cm for vertically placed hair. This data has more or less proven that there is potential to "split" the hair into sections, but it has not been proven that the hair can be split into seven parts, so there is still a chance to prove it.
Analysis of the Results of the Reduction of Cyanide Acid Content in Hevea brasiliensis Seeds
Authors: Putri Diah Ayu Kusuma , Sulhadi Sulhadi , Darsono Teguh 
Published: August 2022

Rubber seeds (Hevea brasiliensis) are part of rubber plants that have not been utilized optimaly. The content contained in rubber seeds is sufficient, including fat content of 68.53 g/100 g, proteins 17.41 g/100 g, and carbohydratees 6.99 g/100 g. However, the obstacle faced is the presence of toxic compounds found in rubber seeds namely cyanide acid (HCN) which is very dangerous if it enters the body. The purpose of this study is to find out the right treatment to reduce the content of cyanide acid so that the rubber seeds can be utilized. The research method uses experimental comparative. The variation used in the reduction process is to soak the rubber seeds respectively for 12, 24, and 36 hours by replacing the immersion water once every 2 hours, then boil the rubber seeds into 2 liters of water for 2 hours by replacing the boiled water for 1 hour. The results showed that the greatest decrease in cyanide acid content occurred during soaking for 36 hours with boiling for 2 hours.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Measurement of Moment of Inertia Through a Bifilar Pendulum Swing Based on a Microcontroller
Authors: Widayati Niken Tri , Lurinda Nadia Wahyu , Hartono Hartono , Supriyadi Supriyadi 
Published: August 2022

Every object has a tendency to maintain its state of motion. The concept also applies to rotating objects called moments of inertia. This experiment aims to explain the working principle and determine the magnitude of the moment of inertia of objects using a bifilar pendulum teaching aid based on the ATMEGA-16 microcontroller. The implementation method used is the experimental method. The working principle of the ATMEGA-16 bifilar pendulum microcontroller-based teaching aids uses the bifilar pendulum principle. The moment of inertia of an object can be measured using a measuring tool that works at the moment of the inertia oscillation method. The bifilar pendulum experiment consists of an object which is tied on either side by a rope and then attached to a support. Objects are deviated horizontally with a small angle to the equilibrium position and then released, the object will experience periodic oscillations. Based on the experimental results the shorter the distance of the two bifilars, the period will be even greater, and vice versa. The magnitude of the period (T) on the bifilar pendulum is inversely proportional to the root distance between the two bifilar (d). The results of experiments carried out for variations in rope length and the distance between the ropes. The moment of inertia based on experiments for variations in length of rope at 0.35 m is (I ± ΔI) = kg/m2 ; 0.45 m is (I ± ΔI) = kg/m2 ; 0.55 m then (I ± ΔI) = kg/m2 ; 0.65 m then (I ± ΔI) = kg/m2 and 0.75 m, (I ± ΔI) = kg/m2.. Furthermore, the moment of inertia is based on experiments for variations in the distance between the ropes at 0.1 m then (I ± ∆I) = kg/m2; 0.15 m then (I ± ∆ I) = kg/m2; 0.20 m then (I ± ∆I) = kg/m2; and 0.25 m then (I ± ∆I) = kg/m2. The experimental results show that the smaller the distance between the two ropes will produce conformity to the theory of the solid cylinder using the shaft approach through the center.©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Kentong Damping Sound Intensity Level Based on Kentongan Length Variations
Authors: Ellianawati Ellianawati , Arravi Muhammad An’im , Wulandari Fitria , Istiqomah Rofita 
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the attenuation of the sound produced by a Kentongan musical instrument based on variations in the length of the Kentongan. Data were collected in a quiet room by starting to measure the noise and atmosphere of the room. This study used Sound Meter Software with version 3.4.5 with a maximum sound intensity limit of ~ 90 dB, mobile as an intermediary. This study used Kentongan with a length of 1, 29 cm and a length of 2 that was 34.1 cm. Experiments were carried out 3 times with the first experiment without Kentongan, then Kentongan 1 and then Kentongan 2. The sound intensity produced by without Kentongan is an average of 60.08 dB, then with Kentongan 1 that is, with an average of 61.86 dB, and Kentongan 2 with an average of 56.68 dB. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Anti-tumor and anti-cancer activity test from Nabeez Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactilifera L.) water
Authors: Safitri Merdiana Dyah , Fibonacci Anita , Latifah Rais Nur 
Published: August 2022

Nabeez dates water is one of the fruits that is used as infused water. Dates contain flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids, and beta D-glucans which have anticancer and anti-tumor activity. Ajwa Dates have a higher phenol content than Sukkari Dates and Khalas Dates. Cancer is the number 5 deadliest disease in Indonesia and number 2 in the world after cardiovascular disease. The use of natural ingredients is an alternative for the treatment of this disease. One of the natural ingredients can be used is ajwa dates. The method of testing for anti-tumor and anti-cancer activity uses the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with shrimp larvae of Artemia salina leach as animals for testing. The results showed that the water of ajwa nabeez dates immersion for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours has the potential as anti-tumor and anti-cancer because it has an LC50 value of 676.39 ppm; 720.84 ppm; and 903.20 ppm. Phytochemical test results have shown positive samples containing tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. The test results of FTIR spectophotometry resulted in the appearance of wave numbers indicating the presence of functional groups -OH, C-H, C = O, C-C (sp3), and C-O.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Eugenol isolation of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) flower
Authors: Nurcahyo Heru - , Febriyanti Rizki , Purgiyanti Purgiyanti 
Published: August 2022

The use of alternative and complementary therapies as a treatment is growing rapidly, one of them is by alternative medicine that uses steam from essential oils / essential oils from various kinds of plants that can be inhaled and smeared to cure various conditions. Clove plants (Syzygium aromaticum) are one of the producers of essential oils that can be used as an alternative treatment for herbs. In clove oil consists of several types of components. The main component possessed by clove is eugenol which has the highest number among other components. Eugenol are important compounds in clove oil. It is a clear liquid to pale yellow compound with a refreshing and spicy aroma like dried clove flowers, giving a distinctive aroma to clove oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the eugenol content of clove flower essential oil. The use of clove flowers in this study is used to improve the competency of local products that in the future can make the outputs of competitive and economical value. This study begins with the distillation process of clove flower water to get oil up to isolation of eugenol. The identification of eugenol with TLC and testing of eugenol levels with GC-MS. The results showed that the essential oil yield was 3.16%, eugenol yield 42.92%, hRf value 11.46 and with grade 97%.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
Boundedness of Pseudo-Diﬀerential Operator for S0 Class
Authors: Habiburrohman Muhammad , Oktaviani Dinni Rahma 
Published: August 2022

Pseudo-diﬀerential operator in a function space is obtained from the Fourier transform of this function space with a multiplier function. This paper will discuss and prove the boundedness of pseudo-diﬀerential operator in Lebesgue space with the multiplier function is in the class S0. The evolution of the pseudo-diﬀerential theory was then rapid. Based on development from this history, it has gave birth to the general definition of pseudo-diﬀerential operator that explain in this paper The general deﬁnition of pseudo-diﬀerential, of course has an applied or representation. One of them is the problem of partial diﬀerential equations in the Poisson equation have the solution , and using Fourier transforms is obtained. In this case the form can be carried in the general form of a pseudo-diﬀerential operator. The solution can be estimated for every if operator is a bounded operator. In this paper, the operator defined with correspondes some symbol that describe this operator is more interest. The conclusion of this paper is the boundedness pseudo-differential operator , so we can estimated this number.©2020 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.