bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Hoffman’s Exercise in Postnatal Mothers With Grade 1 Inverted Nipples
Authors: Thurkkada Anju Philip , Rajasekharan Nair Salini , Thomas Sara , Sreelekha Parvathy , Sanu Soumya Kadakkuzha , Chandran Parvathy R , Pillai Sreekanth Gopinathan 
Published: June 2022

Background: Breastfeeding provides perfect nutrition for infants. The inverted nipples in mothers make breastfeeding more challenging. Besides surgical approaches, non-pharmacological interventions are also gaining importance. Research Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Hoffman’s exercise on breastfeeding among postnatal mothers with grade I inverted nipples. Method: A quantitative approach with a parallel arm randomized controlled trial was used in the study. Postnatal mothers were screened for inverted nipples using a pinch test. Participants with at least one inverted nipple (Grade 1) were randomly allocated into two groups: the experimental group (supported with Hoffman’s exercise; n = 28, 50.9% ) and the control group (without Hoffman’s exercise; n = 27, 49.1%). The pre-test data, including demographics, nipple length, and breastfeeding assessment, were collected. Breastfeeding assessment was evaluated using the Bristol Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (BBAT). On the 3rd day, the post-test data, including nipple length and Breastfeeding Assessment, were collected among the groups. Results: The BBAT assessment was significantly higher in the post-test compared to that of the pre-test in the participants provided with Hoffman’s exercise. The nipple length was found to be higher in participants provided with Hoffman’s exercise. Furthermore, the variables—including age, gravida, nipple problems, and delivery type—were not found to have any significant effect with either pre-test or post-test levels of breastfeeding. Conclusions: Hoffman’s exercise was found to be an effective method to improve breastfeeding in Grade 1 nipple-inverted among post-natal mothers. This nipple exercise is inexpensive, easy to follow, and results in the successful initiation of breastfeeding. Clinical Trial Registry and Registration Number: CTRI/2019/05/019279, May 23, 2019 (retrospectively registered)
Nonlinear effects of a new mesh-type rail pad on the coupled vehicle-slab track dynamics system under extremely cold environment
Authors: Zhai Zhihao , Zhu Shengyang , Yuan Xuancheng , He Zhenxing , Cai Chengbiao 
Published: June 2022

Nonlinear dynamic behavior of a new mesh-type rail pad on the vehicle-slab track coupled system is investigated considering the influences of frequency and amplitude dependence in extremely cold environment. The frequency dependence of the new mesh-type rail pad is modeled by a fractional derivative viscoelastic element while a frictional component considers the amplitude dependence. Laboratory tests are performed to investigate the frequency and amplitude dependent performance of the rail pad and to determine key model parameters. Temperature factor and Mooney-Rivlin strain energy density are also introduced to simulate the mechanical properties of the rubber material of rail pad in low temperature environments. Further, the proposed nonlinear model for the rail pad is implemented in a coupled vehicle-slab track dynamics model to investigate the complicated nonlinear effects of the rail pad due to the dependence of the temperature, amplitude and frequency. The analysis indicates that the dynamic stiffness and damping of the mesh-type rail pads increase with the frequency increases. The proposed model for the mesh-type rail pad enables a more accurate dynamic simulation of vehicle-slab track system in extremely cold environment than the traditional Kelvin-Voigt model which overestimates the wheel rail force, rail vibration acceleration and other indicators at 3.15 Hz–40 Hz and 250 Hz–500 Hz, while underestimates these indicators at 50 Hz–125 Hz.
Using an online journal club to improve Asian speakers’ comfort in using English to discuss and understand research papers written in English
Authors: Tsuchiya Masami , Saeteaw Manit , Subongkot Suphat , Tharnpanich Trai , Konmun Jitprapa , Nasu Izumi , Shimanuki Yumiko , Tsuchitani Toshiaki , Ezura Mio , Hashiguchi Koji , Bryan Jeffrey C , Kawazoe Hitoshi 
Published: June 2022

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the participants’ comfort in understanding research papers written in English and discussing such research in English via an Asian online journal club. Methods A self-administered online survey was delivered to seven journal club meeting attendees from July 2020 to July 2021. A customer satisfaction analysis was performed to assess the association between the participants’ perspectives on program logistics and satisfaction. Results The recovery rate was 37.0% (44/119). After participating in the journal club, the median scores of critical appraisal skills, knowledge and/or pharmaceutical care skills in clinical practice, and discussion skills in English (assessed using a seven-point Likert scale) improved significantly (compared to pre-participation median scores) from 4 (interquartile range [IQR]: 3–5) to 5 (IQR: 4–6), 5 (IQR: 4–5) to 5 (IQR: 5–6), and 4 (IQR: 2–5) to 5 (IQR: 3–5), respectively ( P < 0.0001). The respondents also expressed great appreciation for the benefits and overall qualities of the journal club. Additionally, regarding patient care behavior after participation in the journal club, 34 (77.3%), 17 (38.6%), 16 (36.4%), and 14 (31.8%) respondents reported improvement in “drug information services,” “patient assessments,” “patient counseling,” and “multidisciplinary rounds,” respectively. Customer satisfaction analysis revealed that sharing information, mutual discussion, a shift system of presenters and co-chairs, and session duration should be improved as a matter of highest priority. Conclusion The findings suggest that our program could be helpful for Asian pharmacists, pharmacy students, and faculty members of the department of pharmacy.
Considerations of the built environment for autistic individuals: A review of the literature
Authors: Black Melissa Heather , McGarry Sarah , Churchill Lynn , D’Arcy Emily , Dalgleish Julia , Nash Isabelle , Jones Alisala , Tse Tin Yan , Gibson Jane , Bölte Sven , Girdler Sonya 
Published: June 2022

Until recently, built environments have been designed exclusively to meet the needs of neurotypical populations; however, there is increasing recognition of the need to make built environments more accommodating for neurodiverse populations, including autistic individuals. This scoping review aims to comprehensively explore and synthesise this literature on the internal built environment for autistic individuals providing recommendations for designers, policymakers and clinicians. Five electronic databases were searched, resulting in a total of 28 studies being reviewed. Recommendations are provided for design and construction, lighting, sound, aesthetics, temperature and air quality. While in its early stages, evidence demonstrating the impact that particular qualities of light, colour, sound and spatial planning have on the human sensorium is emerging. In turn, this new knowledge is informing design decisions that are progressing interior environments towards inclusivity. Understanding the positive and negative impacts of decisions made in the design of the built environment has the potential to facilitate the participation and inclusion of autistic individuals. Lay abstract Factors related to the interiors of buildings, including the layout of rooms, colours, smells, noises, temperature, ventilation, colour and clutter, among other things, can change the way we interact with our environment and the people around us. Autistic individuals can have differences in processing sensory information and may find aspects of the built environment (BE) over-whelming and difficult to navigate. We reviewed the existing literature exploring the BE and autism. This study found that it is possible to make changes to the BE to create more inclusive and friendly environments for everyone, including autistic individuals. Findings from this study provide clear recommendations that can be used by interior designers, architects, builders, and clinical practitioners to make a positive difference. Key recommendations include using simple spatial layouts, compartmentalising and zoning spaces into specific activity sections and providing retreat spaces. The thoughtful placement of windows and blinds and the installation of dimmable lights, for example, will allow users to manage or reduce sensory over-stimulation caused by lights. Similarly, we recommend creating soundproofing and sound absorbent materials to reduce background noise and sound levels. We also recommend using neutral or simple colour palettes and restrained use of patterns. Finally, and most importantly, the BE needs to be flexible and adaptable to meet the unique needs of each person. This study provides a starting point for design guidelines and recommendations towards making a difference to the everyday experiences of the interiors of buildings.
Correlation between hysterosalpingography diagnosis and final hysterolaparoscopy with dye-test diagnosis in women with utero-tubal infertility: A cross-sectional study of the implication for which test should be the first-line investigation
Authors: Igbodike Emeka Philip , Badejoko Olusegun Olalekan , Fasubaa Olusola Benjamin , Ibitoye Bolanle Olubunmi , Loto Olabisi Morebise , Ikechebelu Joseph Ifeanyichukwu , Eleje George Uchenna , Onwuegbuna Arinze Anthony , Okpala Boniface Chukwuneme , Umeononihu Osita Samuel , Ogelle Onyecherelam Monday 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To assess the accuracy of hysterosalpingography in diagnosis of uterine and/or tubal factor infertility, using hysterolaparoscopy with dye test as the gold standard with an implication for which test should be the first-line investigation. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study of 96 women who underwent hysterosalpingography and hysterolaparoscopy with dye test. All women within reproductive age group with utero-tubal infertility who underwent both hysterosalpingography and hysterolaparoscopy with dye-test procedure were included. The outcome measures were proportions of tubal blockage and intrauterine pathology. Individual and overall mean accuracy were calculated for hysterosalpingography, using hysterolaparoscopy with dye test as the gold standard. Patient had procedure of hysterosalpingography first and both laparoscopic surgeons and patients were blinded to the outcome of hysterolaparoscopy with dye test until analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Overall, 128 women were assessed for eligibility while 96 women finally completed the study. Hysterosalpingography demonstrated diagnostic accuracy of 77.8% (p < 0.001), 76.3% (p < 0.001) and 78.3% (p < 0.001) for right, left and bilateral tubal blockage, respectively. Overall accuracy of hysterosalpingography tubal factor assessment was 77.4 ± 0.8% (95% confidence interval = 76.5% to 78.4%). Hysterosalpingography showed an accuracy of 85.7%, 86.6% and 76.7% for right, left and bilateral hydrosalpinx, respectively, given overall diagnostic accuracy of 83.0 ± 5.1% (95% confidence interval = 77.9% to 88.1%). Overall accuracy of hysterosalpingography in diagnosing intrauterine pathology was 68.5 ± 9.8% (95% confidence interval = 53.9% to 83.1%). Conclusion: Hysterosalpingography detects tubal blockade and intrauterine pathology poorly compared to hysterolaparoscopy with dye test. Hysterosalpingography may face unpredictable clinical situations biased by technological error, leading to unsuccessful evaluation and uncertain diagnosis. Although the cost-effectiveness, risk of surgery or anaesthesia flaws hysterolaparoscopy with dye test. Hysterosalpingography should not be the first-line utero-tubal assessment tool rather hysterolaparoscopy with dye test.
Changes in Dynamic Postural Stability After ACL Reconstruction: Results Over 2 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Brophy Robert H. , Schafer Kevin A. , Knapik Derrick M. , Motley John , Haas Amanda , Matava Matthew J. , Wright Rick W. , Smith Matthew V. 
Published: June 2022

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is crucial for knee proprioception and postural stability. While ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and rehabilitation improve postural stability, the timing in improvement of dynamic postural stability after ACLR remains relatively unknown. Purpose: To evaluate changes in dynamic postural stability after ACLR out to 24 months postoperatively. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Patients undergoing ACLR were prospectively enrolled, and dynamic postural stability was assessed within 2 days before surgery, at 3-month intervals postoperatively to 18 months, then at 24 months. Measurements were made on a multidirectional platform tracking the patient’s center of mass based on pelvic motion. The amount of time the patient was able to stay on the platform was recorded, and a dynamic motion analysis score, reflecting the patient’s ability to maintain one’s center of mass, was generated overall and in 6 independent planes of motion. Results: A total of 44 patients with a mean age of 19.7 ± 6.2 years completed the study protocol. Overall mean dynamic postural stability improved significantly at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery, with continued improvement out to 24 months. Notable improvements occurred in medial/lateral and anterior/posterior stability from baseline to 6 months postoperatively, while internal/external rotation and flexion/extension stability declined initially after surgery from baseline to 3 months postoperatively before stabilizing to the end of the study period. Conclusion: Overall dynamic postural stability significantly improved up to 12 months after ACLR. Improvement in postural stability occurred primarily in the medial/lateral and anterior/posterior planes of motion, with initial decreases in the flexion/extension and internal/external rotational planes of motion.
CGRP and PACAP-38 play an important role in diagnosing pediatric migraine
Authors: Liu Junhui , Wang Guan , Dan Yuan , Liu Xinjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of studies have suggested that the important role of vasoactive peptides, such as pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 (PACAP-38) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), in the pathophysiology of migraine seems undeniable in adults, but studies in pediatric migraine patients remain scarce. We prospectively investigated CGRP and PACAP-38 plasma levels in children with migraine during ictal and interictal periods and compared the results between migraine patients with aura and without aura. We were the first to explore the diagnostic value of a combination of CGRP and PACAP-38.

Methods
Seventy-six migraine patients aged 4–18 years and seventy-seven age-matched healthy children were included in the study. Plasma vasoactive peptides were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Differences and correlations of groups were analyzed using the independent samples t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple linear regression. We also performed logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses to evaluate the diagnostic value of CGRP and PACAP-38 in pediatric migraine.

Results
PACAP-38 and CGRP levels in migraine patients during the ictal and interictal periods were higher than those in controls (p < 0.001). PACAP-38 and CGRP levels in migraine patients with aura and without aura were higher than those in controls (p < 0.001). PACAP-38 and CGRP were independent risk factors in diagnosing pediatric migraine (adjusted OR (PACAP-38) =1.331, 95% CI: 1.177–1.506, p < 0.001; adjusted OR (CGRP) = 1.113, 95% CI: 1.064–1.165, p < 0.001). Area Under Curve (AUC) comparison: Combination (0.926) > CGRP (0.869) > PACAP-38 (0.867).

Conclusions
Our study found almost the same changes in CGRP and PACAP levels in pediatric migraine, suggesting that CGRP and PACAP-38 may work together to play an integral role in pediatric migraine. Higher CGRP levels were found in the ictal phase than in the interictal phase and with aura group than without aura group, indicating that CGRP may take part in the formation of pain and aura. Moreover, ROC and logistic regression analyses suggested that CGRP and PACAP-38 are good indicators to diagnose pediatric migraine, and the combination of CGRP and PACAP-38 was valuable in diagnosing pediatric migraine and differentiating pediatric migraine from non-migraine headaches.

Trial registration
The study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100043157).
Genome-wide identification of BAM (β-amylase) gene family in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) and expression in response to abiotic stress
Authors: Ma Yaping , Han Yaru , Feng Xuerui , Gao Handong , Cao Bing , Song Lihua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Elevated temperature and drought stress have substantial impacts on fruit quality, especially in terms of sugar metabolism and content. β-Amylase (BAM) plays a critical role in regulating jujube fruit sugar levels and abiotic stress response. Nevertheless, little is known about the regulatory functions of the BAM genes in jujube fruit.

Results
Nine jujube BAM genes were identified, clustered into four groups, and characterized to elucidate their structure, function, and distribution. Multiple sequence alignment and gene structure analysis showed that all ZjBAM genes contain Glu-186 and Glu-380 residues and are highly conserved. Phylogenetic and synteny analysis further indicated that the ZjBAM gene family is evolutionarily conserved and formed collinear pairs with the BAM genes of peach, apple, poplar, Arabidopsis thaliana, and cucumber. A single tandem gene pair was found within the ZjBAM gene family and is indicative of putative gene duplication events. We also explored the physicochemical properties, conserved motifs, and chromosomal and subcellular localization of ZjBAM genes as well as the interaction networks and 3D structures of ZjBAM proteins. A promoter cis-acting element analysis suggested that ZjBAM promoters comprise elements related to growth, development, phytohormones, and stress response. Furthermore, a metabolic pathways annotation analysis showed that ZjBAMs are significantly upregulated in the starch and sucrose metabolism, thereby controlling starch-maltose interconversion and hydrolyzing starch to maltose. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that ZjBAMs respond positively to elevated temperature and drought stress. Specifically, ZjBAM1, ZjBAM2, ZjBAM5, and ZjBAM6 are significantly upregulated in response to severe drought. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis demonstrated ZjBAM1-ZjAMY3, ZjBAM8-ZjDPE1, and ZjBAM7-ZjDPE1 protein interactions that were mainly present in the plasma membrane and nucleus.

Conclusion
The jujube BAM gene family exhibits high evolutionary conservation. The various expression patterns of ZjBAM gene family members indicate that they play key roles in jujube growth, development, and abiotic stress response. Additionally, ZjBAMs interact with α-amylase and glucanotransferase. Collectively, the present study provides novel insights into the structure, evolution, and functions of the jujube BAM gene family, thus laying a foundation for further exploration of ZjBAM functional mechanisms in response to elevated temperature and drought stress, while opening up avenues for the development of economic forests in arid areas.
Prevalence and prognosis of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in community hypertension patients
Authors: Zhou Dan , Yan Mengqi , Cheng Qi , Feng Xiaoxuan , Tang Songtao , Feng Yingqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLeft ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is common in hypertension and is a predictor of increased cardiovascular risk, however the effect of LVDD, detected by new guideline, on major adverse cardiac events (MACE) is unknown in hypertensive patients without known cardiovascular disease. The present study aims to evaluate LVDD in a community hypertension cohort study and assess the effect of LVDD on MACE. we studied 283 asymptomatic nonischemic patients with hypertension who had baseline echocardiogram between 2012 and 2014. Patients were followed for MACE (myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization procedures, heart failure, stroke, all-cause mortality) with mean follow-up of 5.4 years. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the association of LVDD with MACE. At baseline, 35 of the 283 hypertensions were diagnosed with LVDD (12.3%) and 25 patients were women (15.5%). Women had higher frequency of LVDD than men (8%). During follow-up, there were 26.6% patients occurring MACE in the LVDD group at baseline, 9.9% patients occurring MACE in the group with normal diastolic function. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, LVDD was a stronger predictor of MACE (HR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.20 to 5.25; c- statistics 0.805) than E/e′ ratio (HR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.22). LVDD was strongly associated with MACE in hypertension patients.
A randomized clinical trial to assess the effect of zinc and vitamin D supplementation in addition to hypertonic saline on treatment of acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Khoshnevisasl Parisa , Sadeghzadeh Mansour , Kamali Koorosh , Ardalani Armita 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Bronchiolitis, the most common cause of hospitalization in infancy has not yet a definitive treatment. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Zinc and vitamin D on treatment of infants with bronchiolitis.

Methods
In this double blind, randomized clinical trial, 94 infants aged 2 to 23 months, admitted in Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran, with the diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis were randomly assigned into 3 groups. The control group was only treated with hypertonic saline. The two case groups received either 100 unit/kg/day of Vitamin D or 20 mg/day of zinc in addition to hypertonic saline. Wheezing, duration of hospital stay, cough, cyanosis, respiratory distress and the respiratory rate in the first, third and seventh day of hospitalization were evaluated.

Results
There was no significant difference between groups in terms of age, sex, weight, passive smoking, wheezing, oxygen saturation, cyanosis and type of delivery. On the third day of hospitalization, the respiratory rate/min in the control group, the groups receiving vitamin D and zinc were 45.2 ± 10.7, 37.8 ± 3.9 and 41.1 ± 9.1 respectively and the result of repeated measure analysis didn’t show any significant difference between the 3 groups (P = 0.562). Duration of hospitalization in the group receiving Vitamin D or zinc and in controls were 4.2 ± 2.6, 4.4 ± 2.2 and 5.1 ± 2.4 days respectively and this difference was not significant. Zinc receiving patients did not differ from the control group regarding to respiratory rate, cyanosis and wheezing.

Conclusion
Vitamin D or zinc administration was not effective in reducing respiratory rate in children with bronchiolitis.
Trial registration This project was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (IR, ZUMS.REC.1396.50), and registered on IRCT (IRCT20131217015835N7).