bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SiGeSn quantum well for photonics integrated circuits on Si photonics platform: a review
Authors: Olorunsola Oluwatobi , Said Abdulla , Ojo Solomon , Stanchu Hryhorii , Abernathy Grey , Amoah Sylvester , Saha Samir , Wangila Emmanuel , Grant Joshua , Acharya Sudip , Miller Lucas , Rosler Kyle , Jheng Yue-Tong , Chang Guo-En , Li Baohua , Salamo Gregory , Yu Shui-Qing , Du Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recent studies of SiGeSn materials and optoelectronic devices hold great promise for photonics integrated circuits (PICs) on Si platform featuring scalable, cost-effective, and power-efficient. Thanks to the breakthrough of low temperature material growth techniques, device-quality level materials have been grown, following by the demonstration of light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and optically pumped and electrically injected band-to-band lasers. While the exciting developments in bulk devices were reported, the quantum wells (QWs) have been investigated targeting the dramatically improved and/or novel device performance via variety of quantum confinement effects. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on development of SiGeSn QWs, including the fundamental optical and transition studies and optoelectronic device applications. The inspirational results reveal the possibility of all-group-IV PICs with photonics and electronics monolithically integrated on a single-chip.
Simultaneous measurements of atmospheric pressure at multiple locations and their distribution via website
Authors: Kojima Momoko , Kobata Tokihiko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric pressure measurements have been performed in many places and fields. In recent years, traceability and reliability of the measured values are required in various applications, or even a simple pressure measurement sometimes needs the verification with a certain uncertainty. To meet these requirements, we developed a system to distribute the real-time values of atmospheric pressure traceable to the national pressure standards via a website. The pressure values are measured at several locations in a target site and users can easily obtain measured and estimated values at their locations, even if they are in a different building or on a different floor from the measurement location. To estimate the atmospheric pressure at unmeasured locations within the target site, the estimation of the head correction at each location was carefully validated by the results of simultaneous measurements at multiple locations. Then the uncertainty of the estimated value is evaluated to be approximately 10 Pa under relatively mild weather.
Fast and one-step synthesis of small ZnO nano-tetrapods Using CO2 laser in ambient air: physical properties
Authors: Riahimadvar Mohamad Sadegh , Tajaldini Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, a simple laser ablation method was developed to synthesize small nano-tetrapods as a fast and one-step process. The used laser was a CO2 laser with 10.6 μm of wavelength with proper thermal penetration depth for performing the ZnO tetrapods in the interaction with Zn target in ambient air. The samples were produced in two different morphologies: nanorods and nano-tetrapods, in two states. The optical, structural, and morphological properties were studied by performing room-temperature scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), and UV-visible analysis. The FESEM analysis shows that the diameters of the produced ZnO nano-tetrapods are approximately 10–13 nm by arm length of about 250 nm with excellent morphologies. The XRD results indicated that the nanoparticles are in phase with pure ZnO and both morphologies have the Hexagonal wurtzite. Two high peaks in the PL spectrum were observed on UV and visible spectrums, a peak in the red wavelength was demonstrated that has been rarely found for ZnO nanostructures and show the capability of produced particle to use in lightning industry. UV–vis spectral of dispersed particles in deionized water determined that nanorods and nano-tetrapods have peaks at 374 nm and 370 nm, respectively. The spectrums showed produced nanostructures have a broad absorption band from ultra-violet to visible regions, leading the decreases the absorption when the wavelength increases slowly to the visible spectrum, that show capability to apply in photocatalytic processes. Therefore, results show the capability of the introduced method to access two different morphologies of ZnO and significantly the nano-tetrapods structure with well physical and morphological properties.
Constraining a possible time-variation of the speed of light along with the fine-structure constant using strong gravitational lensing and Type Ia supernovae observations
Authors: Colaço L.R. , Landau S.J. , Gonzalez J.E. , Spinelly J. , Santos G.L.F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The possible time variation of the fundamental constants of nature has been an active subject of research since the large-number hypothesis was proposed by Dirac. In this paper, we propose a new method to investigate a possible time variation of the speed of light (c) along with the fine-structure constant (α) using Strong Gravitational Lensing (SGL) and Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) observations. We assume a general approach to describe the mass distribution of lens-type galaxies, the one in favor of the power-law index model (PLAW). We also consider the runaway dilaton model to describe a possible time-variation of α. In order to explore the results deeply, we split the SGL sample into five sub-samples according to the lens stellar velocity dispersion and three sub-samples according to lens redshift. The results suggest that it is reasonable to treat the systems separately, but no strong indication of varying c was found.
Speculations on the W-mass measurement at CDF*
Authors: Gu Jiayin , Liu Zhen , Ma Teng , Shu Jing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The W mass determination at the Tevatron CDF experiment reported a deviation from the SM expectation at the 7σ level. We discuss a few possible interpretations and their collider implications. We perform electroweak global fits under various frameworks and assumptions. We consider three types of electroweak global fits in the effective-field-theory framework: the S-T, S-T-

, and eight-parameter flavor-universal one. We discuss the amounts of tensions between different

measurements reflected in these fits and the corresponding shifts in central values of these parameters. With these electroweak fit pictures in hand, we present a few different classes of models and discuss their compatibility with these results. We find that while explaining the

discrepancy, the single gauge boson extensions face strong LHC direct search constraints unless the

is fermiophobic (leptophobic), which can be realized if extra vector fermions (leptons) mix with the SM fermions (leptons). Vector-like top partners can partially generate the needed shift to the electroweak observables. The compatibility with the top squark is also studied in detail. We find that the non-degenerate top squark soft masses enhance the needed operator coefficients, enabling an allowed explanation compatible with current LHC measurements. Overall, more theoretical and experimental developments are highly in demand to reveal the physics behind this discrepancy.
Numerical investigation of the information complexity in Lorenz system based on Shannon entropy
Authors: Zhang Sen , Jia Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
To quantify the information embedded in the Lorenz system, the Shannon entropies (also named information entropies) of the convection rate, the horizontal temperature variation, and the vertical temperature variation are calculated under the conditions of different values of the three parameters which are proportional to Prandtl number, Rayleigh number, and the liquid layer dimension respectively. Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity models are employed to represent the change of the Shannon entropies with that of the three parameters.
Upscaling xylem phenology: sample size matters
Authors: Silvestro Roberto , Sylvain Jean-Daniel , Drolet Guillaume , Buttò Valentina , Auger Isabelle , Mencuccini Maurizio , Rossi Sergio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
Upscaling carbon allocation requires knowledge of the variability at the scales at which data are collected and applied. Trees exhibit different growth rates and timings of wood formation. However, the factors explaining these differences remain undetermined, making samplings and estimations of the growth dynamics a complicated task, habitually based on technical rather than statistical reasons. This study explored the variability in xylem phenology among 159 balsam firs [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.].

Methods
Wood microcores were collected weekly from April to October 2018 in a natural stand in Quebec, Canada, to detect cambial activity and wood formation timings. We tested spatial autocorrelation, tree size and cell production rates as explanatory variables of xylem phenology. We assessed sample size and margin of error for wood phenology assessment at different confidence levels.

Key Results
Xylem formation lasted between 40 and 110 d, producing between 12 and 93 cells. No effect of spatial proximity or size of individuals was detected on the timings of xylem phenology. Trees with larger cell production rates showed a longer growing season, starting xylem differentiation earlier and ending later. A sample size of 23 trees produced estimates of xylem phenology at a confidence level of 95 % with a margin of error of 1 week.

Conclusions
This study highlighted the high variability in the timings of wood formation among trees within an area of 1 km2. The correlation between the number of new xylem cells and the growing season length suggests a close connection between the processes of wood formation and carbon sequestration. However, the causes of the observed differences in xylem phenology remain partially unresolved. We point out the need to carefully consider sample size when assessing xylem phenology to explore the reasons underlying this variability and to allow reliable upscaling of carbon allocation in forests.
FastMix: a versatile data integration pipeline for cell type-specific biomarker inference
Authors: Zhang Yun , Sun Hao , Mandava Aishwarya , Aevermann Brian D , Kollmann Tobias R , Scheuermann Richard H , Qiu Xing , Qian Yu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMotivationFlow cytometry (FCM) and transcription profiling are the two widely used assays in translational immunology research. However, there is no data integration pipeline for analyzing these two types of assays together with experiment variables for biomarker inference. Current FCM data analysis mainly relies on subjective manual gating analysis, which is difficult to be directly integrated with other automated computational methods. Existing deconvolutional analysis of bulk transcriptomics relies on predefined marker genes in the transcriptomics data, which are unavailable for novel cell types and does not utilize the FCM data that provide canonical phenotypic definitions of the cell types.ResultsWe developed a novel analytics pipeline—FastMix—for computational immunology, which integrates flow cytometry, bulk transcriptomics and clinical covariates for identifying cell type-specific gene expression signatures and biomarker genes. FastMix addresses the ‘large p, small n’ problem in the gene expression and flow cytometry integration analysis via a linear mixed effects model (LMER) for both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Its novel moment-based estimator not only reduces bias in parameter estimation but also is more efficient than iterative optimization. The FastMix pipeline also includes a cutting-edge flow cytometry data analysis method—DAFi—for identifying cell populations of interest and their characteristics. Simulation studies showed that FastMix produced smaller type I/II errors than competing methods. Validation using real data of two vaccine studies showed that FastMix identified a consistent set of signature genes as in independent single-cell RNA-seq analysis, producing additional interesting findings.Availability and implementationSource code of FastMix is publicly available at https://github.com/terrysun0302/FastMix.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Functional and structural features of L2/3 pyramidal cells continuously covary with pial depth in mouse visual cortex
Authors: Weiler Simon , Guggiana Nilo Drago , Bonhoeffer Tobias , Hübener Mark , Rose Tobias , Scheuss Volker 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPyramidal cells of neocortical layer 2/3 (L2/3 PyrCs) integrate signals from numerous brain areas and project throughout the neocortex. These PyrCs show pial depth-dependent functional and structural specializations, indicating participation in different functional microcircuits. However, whether these depth-dependent differences result from separable PyrC subtypes or whether their features display a continuum correlated with pial depth is unknown. Here, we assessed the stimulus selectivity, electrophysiological properties, dendritic morphology, and excitatory and inhibitory connectivity across the depth of L2/3 in the binocular visual cortex of mice. We find that the apical, but not the basal dendritic tree structure, varies with pial depth, which is accompanied by variation in subthreshold electrophysiological properties. Lower L2/3 PyrCs receive increased input from L4, while upper L2/3 PyrCs receive a larger proportion of intralaminar input. In vivo calcium imaging revealed a systematic change in visual responsiveness, with deeper PyrCs showing more robust responses than superficial PyrCs. Furthermore, deeper PyrCs are more driven by contralateral than ipsilateral eye stimulation. Importantly, the property value transitions are gradual, and L2/3 PyrCs do not display discrete subtypes based on these parameters. Therefore, L2/3 PyrCs’ multiple functional and structural properties systematically correlate with their depth, forming a continuum rather than discrete subtypes.
Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy Against Different Rotavirus Genotypes: A Pooled Analysis of Phase II and III Trial Data
Authors: Amin Avnika B , Tate Jacqueline E , Waller Lance A , Lash Timothy L , Lopman Benjamin A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Rotavirus vaccine performance appears worse in countries with high rotavirus genotype diversity. Evidence suggests diminished vaccine efficacy (VE) against G2P[4], which is heterotypic with existing monovalent rotavirus vaccine formulations. Most studies assessing genotype-specific VE have been underpowered and inconclusive.

Methods
We pooled individual-level data from 10 Phase II and III clinical trials of rotavirus vaccine containing G1 and P[8] antigens (RV1) conducted between 2000 and 2012. We estimated VE against both any-severity and severe (Vesikari score ≥11) rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) using binomial and multinomial logistic regression models for non-specific VE against any RVGE, genotype-specific VE, and RV1-typic VE against genotypes homotypic, partially heterotypic, or fully heterotypic with RV1 antigens. We adjusted models for concomitant oral poliovirus and RV1 vaccination and the country's designated child mortality stratum.

Results
Analysis included 87 644 infants from 22 countries in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia. For VE against severe RVGE, non-specific VE was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 87–94%). Genotype-specific VE ranged from 96% (95% CI: 89–98%) against G1P[8] to 71% (43–85%) against G2P[4]. RV1-typic VE was 92% (95% CI: 84–96%) against partially heterotypic genotypes but 83% (67–91%) against fully heterotypic genotypes. For VE against any-severity RVGE, non-specific VE was 82% (95% CI: 75–87%). Genotype-specific VE ranged from 94% (95% CI: 86–97%) against G1P[8] to 63% (41–77%) against G2P[4]. RV1-typic VE was 83% (95% CI: 72–90%) against partially heterotypic genotypes but 63% (40–77%) against fully heterotypic genotypes.

Conclusions
RV1 VE is comparatively diminished against fully heterotypic genotypes including G2P[4].
Establishment of a nomogram for predicting prolonged mechanical ventilation in cardiovascular surgery patients
Authors: Meng Yunjiao , Gu Haoye , Qian Xuan , Wu Honglei , Liu Yanmei , Ji Peipei , Xu Yanghui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to develop a nomogram model for predicting prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Methods and results
In total, 693 patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery at an Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University between January 2018 and June 2020 were studied. Postoperative PMV was required in 147 patients (21.2%). Logistic regression analysis showed that delirium [odds ratio (OR), 3.063; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.991–4.713; P &lt; 0.001], intraoperative blood transfusion (OR, 2.489; 95% CI, 1.565–3.960; P &lt; 0.001), obesity (OR, 2.789; 95% CI, 1.543–5.040; P = 0.001), postoperative serum creatinine level (mmol/L; OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.007–1.017; P &lt; 0.001), postoperative serum albumin level (g/L; OR, 0.937; 95% CI, 0.902–0.973; P = 0.001), and postoperative total bilirubin level (μmol/L; OR, 1.020; 95% CI, 1.005–1.034; P = 0.008) were independent risk factors for PMV. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for our nomogram was found to be 0.770 (95% CI, 0.727–0.813). The goodness-of-fit test indicated that the model fitted the data well (χ2 = 12.480, P = 0.131). After the model was internally validated, the calibration plot demonstrated good performance of the nomogram, as supported by the Harrell concordance index of 0.760. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the nomogram was clinically useful in identifying patients at risk for PMV.

Conclusion
We established a new nomogram model that may provide an individual prediction of PMV. This model may provide nurses, social workers, physicians, and administrators with an accurate and objective assessment tool to identify patients at high risk for PMV after cardiovascular surgery.
The attitudes and expectation of caregivers of febrile child receiving medical services: a multicenter survey in Thailand
Authors: Chulapornsiri Chalie , Pradermdussadeeporn Ekachai , Pongpittayut Sorawit , Sutthithumthaworn Amphairat , Chulapornsiri Chatchai , Aninlabon Witsanu , Wisassittichok Meechokchai , Maitongngam Kritpisut , Subchartanan Jarujan , Suteerojntrakool Orapa , Tempark Therdpong , Bongsebandhu-phubhakdi Chansuda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMost caregivers may visit pediatric outpatient clinics with high concern of fever and improper antipyretic use. However, studies of concern about fever in Asian countries are still limited.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore caregivers’ attitudes, management of their child’s fever, factors associated with their high concern, and expectation from medical services.MethodsA cross-sectional 26-item self-administered questionnaire was used to survey caregivers of 1-month to 15-year-old febrile infants/children/teenagers visiting outpatient clinics in 9 government hospitals from July 2018 to August 2019.ResultsOne thousand two hundred and six caregivers (67% response rate) completed self-administered questionnaire. The median age of the caregivers and the pediatric patients were 34 years (interquartile range [IQR] 28–40) and 3.3 years (IQR 1.8–6.1), respectively. Approximately 70% of them believed that fever could harm a child, resulting in brain damage or death. Also, 2% managed high doses of acetaminophen and overdosed the child. The high level of concern was significantly associated with acetaminophen overdose (P &lt; 0.001, Kruskal–Wallis test). Caregivers of nonhealth care providers and children’s history of febrile seizure were factors related to higher score of concern. Most caregivers expected definite diagnosis (70.7%), antipyretic drugs (67.4%), and blood tests (48.9%).ConclusionCaregivers’ high concern of fever existed in Thailand. This may lead to unnecessary high doses of antipyretics. In clinical practice, the high concern of fever is a challenge for caregivers and pediatric health care providers. A better understanding of fever and its consequence should be advocated for proper management of the child’s fever.
The evolution and role of the periplasmic asparaginase Asp3 in yeast
Authors: Coral-Medina Angela , Fenton Darren A , Varela Javier , Baranov Pavel V , Camarasa Carole , Morrissey John P 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The study of nitrogen assimilation in yeast is of interest from genetic, evolutionary, and biotechnological perspectives. Over the course of evolution, yeasts have developed sophisticated control mechanisms to regulate nitrogen metabolism, with domesticated lineages sometimes displaying particular specialisation. The focus of this study was on assimilation of asparagine, which is a significant nutritional source for some alcoholic fermentations. We were particularly interested in ASP3, which encodes a periplasmic asparaginase and that was proposed to have been acquired relatively recently in S. cerevisiae by horizontal gene transfer. We examined 1680 S. cerevisiae genome assemblies to evaluate the distribution and evolutionary trajectory of ASP3. Our findings suggest an alternative hypothesis that ASP3 is an ancient Saccharomyces gene that has generally been lost over the course of evolution but has been retained in certain fermentative environments. As asparagine is the major nitrogen source in apple juice, we explored whether the presence of ASP3 would confer a growth advantage. Interestingly, we found that although ASP3 enhances growth when asparagine is the sole nitrogen source, the same effect is not seen in apple juice. These data indicate that growth in pure culture may not reflect the original selective environment for ASP3+ strains and highlight the role that complex regulation may play in optimising nitrogen assimilation in yeasts.
Short-interval traffic lines: versatile tools for genetic analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Poethig R Scott , Cullina William L , Doody Erin , Floyd Taré , Fouracre Jim P , Hu Tieqiang , Xu Mingli , Zhao Jianfei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Traffic lines are transgenic stocks of Arabidopsis thaliana that contain a pair of linked seed-specific eGFP and DsRed markers. These stocks were originally developed for the purpose of studying recombination, but can also be used to follow the inheritance of unmarked chromosomes placed in trans to the marked chromosome. They are particularly useful for this latter purpose if the distance between markers is short, making double recombination within this interval relatively rare. We generated 163 traffic lines that cover the Arabidopsis genome in overlapping intervals of approximately 1.2 Mb (6.9 cM). These stocks make it possible to predict the genotype of a plant based on its seed fluorescence (or lack thereof) and facilitate many experiments in genetic analysis that are difficult, tedious, or expensive to perform using current techniques. Here, we show how these lines enable a phenotypic analysis of alleles with weak or variable phenotypes, genetic mapping of novel mutations, introducing transgenes into a lethal or sterile genetic background, and separating closely linked mutations.
German Princes in the Prussian Army: Political Patronage and Family Networks under Frederick II, 1740–1786
Authors: Winkel Carmen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Drawing primarily on Frederick II of Prussia’s correspondence, which was filtered through his cabinet secretaries, this article explores how the king used his army in constructing patronage networks that reached beyond the limits of Brandenburg-Prussia. He not only appointed members of German families as officers but also expected them to train with and command their men. Frederick II’s army was certainly a vital means of exercising power, but it also proved a viable tool for integrating and discipling client families within the Holy Roman Empire.