bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Onlays/partial crowns versus full crowns in restoring posterior teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Bingjie , Fan Jiayan , Wang Lutao , Xu Bin , Wang Liang , Chai Luyi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Tooth-colored onlays and partial crowns for posterior teeth have been used increasingly in clinics. However, whether onlays/partial crowns could perform as well as full crowns in the posterior region was still not evaluated thoroughly.

Methods
A literature search was conducted without language restrictions in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial and Web of science until September 2021. RCTs, prospective and retrospective observational studies with a mean follow-up of 1 year were selected. Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was adopted for quality assessment of the RCT. The quality of observational studies was evaluated following Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The random-effects and fixed-effects model were employed for meta-analysis.

Results
Four thousand two hundred fifty-seven articles were initially searched. Finally, one RCT was identified for quality assessment and five observational studies for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The RCT was of unclear risk of bias while five observational studies were evaluated as low risk. The meta-analysis indicated no statistically significant difference in the survival between onlays/partial crowns and full crowns after 1 year (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.02-18.08; I2 = 57.0%; P = 0.127) and 3 years (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.20-2.17; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.747). For the success, onlays/partial crowns performed as well as crowns (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.20-1.72; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.881) at 3 years. No significant difference of crown fracture existed between the two methods (RD = 0.00, 95% CI: − 0.03-0.03; I2 = 0.0%; P = 0.972).

Conclusions
Tooth-colored onlays/partial crowns performed as excellently as full crowns in posterior region in a short-term period. The conclusions should be further consolidated by RCTs with long-term follow-up.
Moderate effect of early-life experience on dentate gyrus function
Authors: Rukundo Pacifique , Feng Ting , Pham Vincent , Pieraut Simon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development, maturation, and plasticity of neural circuits are strongly influenced by experience and the interaction of an individual with their environment can have a long-lasting effect on cognitive function. Using an enriched environment (EE) paradigm, we have recently demonstrated that enhancing social, physical, and sensory activity during the pre-weaning time in mice led to an increase of inhibitory and excitatory synapses in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. The structural plasticity induced by experience may affect information processing in the circuit. The DG performs pattern separation, a computation that enables the encoding of very similar and overlapping inputs into dissimilar outputs. In the presented study, we have tested the hypothesis that an EE in juvenile mice will affect DG’s functions that are relevant for pattern separation: the decorrelation of the inputs from the entorhinal cortex (EC) and the recruitment of the principal excitatory granule cell (GC) during behavior. First, using a novel slice electrophysiology protocol, we found that the transformation of the incoming signal from the EC afferents by individual GC is moderately affected by EE. We further show that EE does not affect behaviorally induced recruitment of principal excitatory GC. Lastly, using the novel object recognition task, a hippocampus-dependent memory test, we show that the ontogeny of this discrimination task was similar among the EE mice and the controls. Taken together, our work demonstrates that pre-weaning enrichment moderately affects DG function.
Aerobic glycolysis enhances HBx-initiated hepatocellular carcinogenesis via NF-κBp65/HK2 signalling
Authors: Chen Lingjun , Lin Xianyi , Lei Yiming , Xu Xuan , Zhou Qi , Chen Yan , Liu Huiling , Jiang Jie , Yang Yidong , Zheng Fengping , Wu Bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Aerobic glycolysis has been recognized as one of the growth-promoting metabolic alterations of cancer cells. Emerging evidence indicates that nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) plays significant roles in metabolic adaptation in normal cells and cancer cells. However, whether and how NF-κB regulates metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), specifically hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-initiated HCC, has not been determined.

Methods
A dataset of the HCC cohort from the TCGA database was used to analyse the expression of NF-κB family members. Expression of NF-κBp65 and phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 (p-p65) were detected in liver tissues from HBV-related HCC patients and normal controls. A newly established HBx+/+/NF-κBp65f/f and HBx+/+/NF-κBp65Δhepa spontaneous HCC mouse model was used to investigate the effects of NF-κBp65 on HBx-initiated hepatocarcinogenesis. Whether and how NF-κBp65 is involved in aerobic glycolysis induced by HBx in hepatocellular carcinogenesis were analysed in vitro and in vivo.

Results
NF-κBp65 was upregulated in HBV-related HCC, and HBx induced NF-κBp65 upregulation and phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro. Hepatocyte-specific NF-κBp65 deficiency remarkably decreased HBx-initiated spontaneous HCC incidence in HBx-TG mice. Mechanistically, HBx induced aerobic glycolysis by activating NF-κBp65/hexokinase 2 (HK2) signalling in spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis, and overproduced lactate significantly promoted HCC cell pernicious proliferation via the PI3K (phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase)/Akt pathway in hepatocarcinogenesis.

Conclusion
The data elucidate that NF-κBp65 plays a pivotal role in HBx-initiated spontaneous HCC, which depends on hyperactive NF-κBp65/HK2-mediated aerobic glycolysis to activate PI3K/Akt signalling. Thus, phosphorylation of NF-κBp65 will be a potential therapeutic target for HBV-related HCC.
Investigation of reversible histone acetylation and dynamics in gene expression regulation using 3D liver spheroid model
Authors: Stransky Stephanie , Cutler Ronald , Aguilan Jennifer , Nieves Edward , Sidoli Simone 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture has emerged as an alternative approach to 2D flat culture to model more accurately the phenotype of solid tissue in laboratories. Culturing cells in 3D more precisely recapitulates physiological conditions of tissues, as these cells reduce activities related to proliferation, focusing their energy consumption toward metabolism and homeostasis.

Results
Here, we demonstrate that 3D liver spheroids are a suitable system to model chromatin dynamics and response to epigenetics inhibitors. To delay necrotic tissue formation despite proliferation arrest, we utilize rotating bioreactors that apply active media diffusion and low shearing forces. We demonstrate that the proteome and the metabolome of our model resemble typical liver functions. We prove that spheroids respond to sodium butyrate (NaBut) treatment, an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACi), by upregulating histone acetylation and transcriptional activation. As expected, NaBut treatment impaired specific cellular functions, including the energy metabolism. More importantly, we demonstrate that spheroids reestablish their original proteome and transcriptome, including pre-treatment levels of histone acetylation, metabolism, and protein expression once the standard culture condition is restored after treatment. Given the slow replication rate (> 40 days) of cells in 3D spheroids, our model enables to monitor the recovery of approximately the same cells that underwent treatment, demonstrating that NaBut does not have long-lasting effects on histone acetylation and gene expression. These results suggest that our model system can be used to quantify molecular memory on chromatin.

Conclusion
Together, we established an innovative cell culture system that can be used to model anomalously decondensing chromatin in physiological cell growth and rule out epigenetics inheritance if cells recover the original phenotype after treatment. The transient epigenetics effects demonstrated here highlight the relevance of using a 3D culture model system that could be very useful in studies requiring long-term drug treatment conditions that would not be possible using a 2D cell monolayer system.
Existence of common fixed point in Kannan F-contractive mappings in quasi-partial b-metric space with an application
Authors: Gautam Pragati , Kumar Santosh , Verma Swapnil , Gupta Gauri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate results on fixed point theory in quasi-partial b-metric space recognizing a new type of mapping, which is a blend of F-contraction and Kannan contraction, and to establish the fixed point results in F-expanding type mappings. Additionally, the obtained results are the application of the contractive mappings to functional equations. Furthermore, Mathematica software is used to demonstrate the 3D shapes of the examples discussed here.
Relationship between serum homocysteine, fibrinogen, lipoprotein-a level, and peripheral arterial disease: a dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Hecheng , Wu Pengpeng , Jiang Deying , Zhang Hao , Zhang Jian , Zong Yu , Han Yanshuo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimAt present, the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy), fibrinogen (FIB), lipoprotein-a (LPa), and PAD is uncertain, and there has been no meta-analysis to establish the dose–response relationship between their exposure levels and PAD.Methods and resultsRelevant literature published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was retrieved. The robust error meta-regression method was used to assess the linear and non-linear dose–response relationship between exposure level and PAD risk. A total of 68 articles, involving 565,209 participants, were included. Combined with continuous variables, the serum Hcy, FIB, and LPa levels of PAD patients were significantly higher than those of healthy individuals. The odds ratios (ORs) of PAD for individuals with high Hcy, FIB, and LPa levels compared with those with low levels were 1.47, 1.14, and 1.76, respectively. The study also showed that circulating Hcy, FIB, and LPa were significantly elevated in patients with PAD compared with controls. The level of Hcy and the risk of PAD presented a U-shaped distribution. The nonlinear dose–response model showed that each 1 μmol/L increase in serum Hcy increased the risk of PAD by 7%. Similarly, for each 10 mg/dL FIB and 10 mg/dL LPa increases, the risk of PAD increased by 3% and 6%, respectively.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis provided evidence that elevated Hcy, PIB, and LPa levels may increase the risk of PAD, and the risk of PAD increases with the increase in serum exposure within a certain range. By controlling Hcy level, the incidence of PAD may be reduced to control the PAD growing epidemic.Trial registration number: PROSPERO (CRD42021250501),https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/
Plasma S-Klotho level affects the risk of hyperuricemia in the middle-aged and elderly people
Authors: Xie Haitao , Li Ning , Zhou Guowei , Liu Qian , Wang Haiyan , Han Jie , Shen Le , Yu Peng , Chen Jiandong , Chen Xiaohu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Soluble Klotho (S-Klotho) is an anti-aging protein mainly secreted by the kidneys. Hyperuricemia is prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, which affects the development of various chronic diseases. However, there are relatively few studies investigating the association between plasma S-Klotho levels and hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals. This study sought to clarify the relationship between S-Klotho and the risk of hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly people.

Methods
During 2007–2016, a total of 50,588 people participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Finally, 12,441 middle-aged and elderly people (aged 40–79) completed the soluble Klotho tests and had obtained complete data. S-Klotho was detected by ELISA kit, and the relationship between S-Klotho and hyperuricemia was assessed by multiple logistic regression. Hyperuricemia is defined as serum uric acid levels higher than or equal to 420 mmol/l in men and 360 mmol/l in women.

Results
In the middle-aged and elderly, plasma S-Klotho levels were negatively correlated with hyperuricemia, and there was a saturation effect. The inflection point of S-Klotho was 927.8 pg/ml (logarithmic likelihood ratio test = 0.002). When plasma S-Klotho < 927.8 pg/ml, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in middle-aged and elderly individuals with higher levels of S-Klotho decreased by 25.6% compared with those with low levels of S-Klotho [Q4 vs Q1, OR: 0.744, 95%CI: (0.634, 0.874), P < 0.001]; In different age groups, S-Klotho had a significantly greater effect on hyperuricemia in middle-aged people [age: 40–65 years, Q4 vs Q1, OR (95%CI): 0.69 (0.58, 0.82), P < 0.001; Age > 65 years: Q4 vs Q1, OR (95%CI): 0.72 (0.56, 0.92), P = 0.008)].When the level of S-Klotho was higher, the risk of hyperuricemia in men was lower than that in women [male: Q4 vs Q1, OR (95%CI): 0.67 (0.56, 0.81), P < 0.001; female: Q4 vs Q1 (95%CI):0.72 (0.58, 0.88), P < 0.001].

Conclusions
In middle-aged and elderly individuals, plasma S-Klotho levels were inversely correlated with hyperuricemia, with a saturation effect. Given the limitations of the research results, the underlying mechanism between S-Klotho and hyperuricemia should be further explored.
Tumor microenvironment-associated lactate metabolism regulates the prognosis and precise checkpoint immunotherapy outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qiu Song , Wang Ying , Rao Hui , Que Qiuyang , Wu Yanyang , Zhu Rui , Feng Xiaofei , Chi Jun , Lai Weiling , Sun Yihang , Xiao Qi , Shi Huaqiu , Xiang Yi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the wide clinical application of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma, its limited benefit to patients remains puzzling to researchers. One of the mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance may be the dysregulation of lactate metabolism in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which can inhibit dendritic cell maturation and prevent T-cell invasion into tumors. However, the key genes related to lactate metabolism and their influence on the immunotherapeutic effects in lung adenocarcinoma have not yet been investigated in depth.

Methods
In this study, we first surveyed the dysregulated expression of genes related to lactate metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma and then characterized their biological functions. Using machine learning methods, we constructed a lactate-associated gene signature in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and validated its effectiveness in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of patients in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts.

Results
A 7-gene signature based on the metabolomics related to lactate metabolism was found to be associated with multiple important clinical features of cancer and was an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions
These results suggest that rather than being simply a metabolic byproduct of glycolysis, lactate in the TME can affect immunotherapy outcomes. Therefore, the mechanism underlying this effect of lactate is worthy of further study.
Structural Behavior of a Laterally Restrained Precast Reinforced Concrete Arch Deck Under Punching Shear Loading
Authors: Yang Dal-Hun , Choi Seung-Jai , Kim Sung-Jae , Kim Jang-Ho Jay 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the construction of concrete bridges, the lighter dead load of decks can significantly reduce the number or size of substructure members, such as girders, piers and foundations. Although, the arch decks (ADs) ensure superior load carrying capacity and can have longer span length than flat decks (FDs), relatively minute number of studies was performed on longer span decks manufactured as arch shape to maximize the performance. In the previous study, a precast reinforced concrete (RC) AD with enhanced width of 2.5 m was developed. In this study, the behavior of precast RC AD under punching shear load was studied. Three real-scale AD specimens were tested and analyzed to understand its performance under punching shear loading. Different sizes of the ADs were manufactured to evaluate the punching shear capacity. The punching shear capacity and failure mode were obtained from the test, and the results were then compared to various design provisions. Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) were conducted to validate the experiment results and to verify the arching action of the AD with various thicknesses. The study results clearly verified that the AD had a higher or similar load-carrying capacity than the FD due to the arching action caused by the lateral restraint and arch shape, despite of thinner thickness of AD than FD. An analytical and prediction model for the punching shear behavior of ADs was developed and calibrated. The resulting models are described in a code-friendly formulation.
Molecular and spatial heterogeneity of microglia in Rasmussen encephalitis
Authors: Westfall Jesse J. , Schwind Wesley N. , Sran Sahibjot , Navarro Jason B. , Leonard Jeffrey , Pindrik Jonathan A. , Pierson Christopher R. , Boué Daniel R. , Koboldt Daniel C. , Ostendorf Adam P. , Wilson Richard K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Miller Katherine E. , Bedrosian Tracy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare childhood neurological disease characterized by progressive unilateral loss of function, hemispheric atrophy and drug-resistant epilepsy. Affected brain tissue shows signs of infiltrating cytotoxic T-cells, microglial activation, and neuronal death, implicating an inflammatory disease process. Recent studies have identified molecular correlates of inflammation in RE, but cell-type-specific mechanisms remain unclear. We used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) to assess gene expression across multiple cell types in brain tissue resected from two children with RE. We found transcriptionally distinct microglial populations enriched in RE compared to two age-matched individuals with unaffected brain tissue and two individuals with Type I focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Specifically, microglia in RE tissues demonstrated increased expression of genes associated with cytokine signaling, interferon-mediated pathways, and T-cell activation. We extended these findings using spatial proteomic analysis of tissue from four surgical resections to examine expression profiles of microglia within their pathological context. Microglia that were spatially aggregated into nodules had increased expression of dynamic immune regulatory markers (PD-L1, CD14, CD11c), T-cell activation markers (CD40, CD80) and were physically located near distinct CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte populations. These findings help elucidate the complex immune microenvironment of RE.
Early evidence on the mental health of Ukrainian civilian and professional combatants during the Russian invasion
Authors: Pavlova Iuliia , Graf-Vlachy Lorenz , Petrytsa Petro , Wang Senhu , Zhang Stephen X. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine has led many Ukrainians to fight for their country, either in the regular army or as civilian members of voluntary territorial defense forces. There is, however, a dearth of knowledge on the mental health of combatants in this conflict. Prior research on the mental health of combatants is unlikely to translate to the situation at hand because such research is focused on combatants fighting abroad and neglects civilian combatants.

Methods
This study provides the first attempt to investigate the mental health of Ukrainian combatants in the regular army and voluntary territorial defense forces by analyzing the prevalence rates of common mental health issues, as well as their demographic and socioeconomic predictors.

Results
Between March 19 and 31, 2022, the initial period of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, a sample of 178 Ukrainian combatants (104 in the regular army and 74 civilian combatants) participated in a survey on symptoms of anxiety (GAD-2), depression (PHQ-2), and insomnia (ISI).

Conclusions
A sizable portion of Ukrainian combatants reached cut-off levels for clinical symptoms of anxiety (44·4%), depression (43·3%), and insomnia (12·4%). Importantly, the mental health of Ukrainian combatants varied between professional soldiers and civilian combatants, as well as by gender, marital status, by whether or not they were located in Russian-occupied/active-combat areas, and dependent on whether they were personally involved in combat. This study provides early evidence on the mental health of Ukrainian combatants, pointing to their urgent need for mental health assistance in the ongoing war.
Painlevé analysis for a new (3 +1 )-dimensional KP equation: Multiple-soliton and lump solutions
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid , Alatawi Naisa S. , Albalawi Wedad , El-Tantawy S. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The current work proposes a new (3 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation ((3 + 1)-KPE). We verify the integrability of this equation using the Painlevé analysis (PA). The bilinear formula is applied to the extended KPE to explore multiple-soliton solutions. Also, we formally establish a class of lump solutions using distinct values of the parameters.
Antiresorptive Medication Use Is not Associated With Acute Cardiovascular Risk: An Observational Study
Authors: Bliuc Dana , Tran Thach , Chen Weiwen , Alarkawi Dunia , Alajlouni Dima A , Blyth Fiona , March Lyn , Blank Robert D , Center Jacqueline R 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContextBisphosphonates have been reported to be cardioprotective in some, but not all, studies. It is unknown whether denosumab (Dmab) use protects against cardiovascular events (CVEs).ObjectiveTo determine whether oral bisphosphonate (oBP) or Dmab use is associated with CVEs in persons with incident fracture.MethodsParticipants with an incident minimal trauma fracture from the Sax Institute’s 45 and Up Study, a population-based cohort from NSW, Australia, were followed between 2005/2009 and 2017. Questionnaire data were linked to hospital admissions (Admitted Patients Data Collection [APDC]) by the Centre for Health Record Linkage). Medicare Benefit Schedule (MBS) and Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) data sets were provided by Services Australia. Data was stored in a secure computing environment (Secure Unified Research Environment). Fractures, CVEs, and comorbidities were identified from the APDC and oBP and Dmab medication from the PBS. oBP and Dmab users were matched to never users (NoRx) by propensity scores. The main outcome measures were association between oBP and Dmab with CVE (acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cerebrovascular accident, and transient ischemic attack) and were determined using a stratified Cox's proportional hazards model.ResultsThere were 880 pairs of oBP and NoRx (616 women) and 770 pairs of Dmab and NoRx (615 women) followed for ∼4.3 years. CVE risk was similar for oBP and NoRx Hazard Ratios (HR) women, 0.88 [95% CI 0.65-1.18]; men, 1.07 [95% CI 0.72-1.57]). Similar findings were obtained for Dmab (Hazard Ratios (HR) women, 1.08 [95% CI 0.78-1.50]; men, 1.55 [95% CI 0.96-2.48]).ConclusionoBP and Dmab use was not associated with CVEs.