bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Controversy of Muslim Community Interpretation of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Naqiyah Naqiyah , Abdullah Irwan , Mubaraq Zulfi , Izzah Farah Nuril , Jubba Hasse , Mahyudin Muhammad Khairi , Amani Farah , Haidar Inas 
Published: May 2022

The Muslim community in Indonesia interprets Covid-19 controversially, which may have various consequences. This paper aims to map the pattern of interpretation of Covid-19 among Muslims in Indonesia and analyze how different understandings hindered pandemic crisis countermeasures. The data were obtained from online news and social media, which were then confirmed by open interviews, specifically covering two areas: the respondents' views related to the interpretation of Covid-19 and the bases for their opinion. This study found three types of understanding: First, textual interpretation, in which Covid-19 was interpreted as a 'punishment and a creature of God, so there is no need to be afraid of; instead, we need to get closer to God. Second, contextual interpretation, where Covid-19 was interpreted as a disaster/trial, needs to be addressed by complying with health protocols in Indonesia and improving our spirituality. Third, spiritual interpretation, where Covid-19 was interpreted as a test, so those who passed this test will increase their piety. Thus, the controversy in understanding the substance of the Covid-19 pandemic needs to be overcome. This paper suggests that more intensive education is required to improve public knowledge about the Covid-19 pandemic to prevent further adversity in its countermeasures.

Received: 30 January 2022 / Accepted: 18 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
The Role of Key Economic and Social Indicators in the Development of a Country, as a Primary Ways of Government Policies for the Economic Growth
Authors: Bajraktari Nerimane , Deda Eriona , Pacukaj Sokol 
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to show that the improvement of the labour market, increase of the qualiy of the higher education, as well as the increase of gender equality in Albania shall be prioritized in government policies in order to promote economic growth of the country. Showing also the relationship between these important indicators that we have analysed, such as the relationship between economic growth and the labour market, the relationship between increasing the quality of higher education in the country and economic growth, as well as the relationship between the level of gender equality and economic growth. The research method focuses on descriptive analysis, based on analysis and statistical methods expressed in percentage (%), on a comparative basis from which we have extracted and processed tables and graphs. We have extracted data from INSTAT (Institute of Statistics, Albania), on the labour market, employment and unemployment, data on education, as well as data on some demographic and social indicators, related to gender equality in the country. In this paper, we are also focused on proposing some policies that the government should implement to increase the level of employment, the quality of higher education, and the level of gender equality as an important priority for the economic growth of the country.

Received: 17 January 2022 / Accepted: 22 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022
Bagaimana Pengaruh Keaktifan Belajar Terhadap Sikap Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPA di Sekolah Menengah Pertama yang ada di Palangkaraya?
Authors: Kartidie Kartidie , Gunarhad Gunarhad , Petriati Petriati 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap sikap siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA di SMP yang ada di Kota Jambi.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian campuran dengan desain explanatory. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa SMP Negeri 3 Palangka Raya, siswa SMP Negeri 14 Palangka Raya, dan siswa SMP Ngeri 16 Kota Palangka Raya. Dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 250 siswa. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menyebarkan angket kekatifan belajar siswa dan angket sikap siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA, serta melakukan wawancara dengan siswa. Selanjutnya data dianalisis secara kuantitaif tipe regresi sederhana serta dengan statistik inferensial.
Temuan utama: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keaktifan belajar siswa mempengaruhi sikap pada mata pelajaran IPA dengan sumbangsih pengaruh 15.2% sedangkan sisanya 84.8% dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain yang tidak diteliti pada penelitian ini yang selanjutnya disebut variabel intervening. Selanjutnya dari perhitungan uji-t didapatkan nilai thitung lebih besar dari ttabel (20.299 1.650971), yang artinya Ha (diterima) atau terdapat pengaruh keaktifan belajar siswa terhadap sikap pada mata pelajaran IPA. Dari hasil pengaruh tersebut diperoleh persamaan regresinya yaitu Y = 111.113 + 0.334x. sehingga dapat disimpulkan apabila siswa memliki keaktifan belajar yang baik, maka siswa juga akan menunjukkan sikap yang baik pula dalam belajar, terutama dalam belajar IPA.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaruan dari penelitian ini yaitu adanya pengaruh dari kearifan lokal terahadap sikap siswa dalam mata pelajaran IPA.
Pemahaman Siswa Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Pada Materi Suhu Dan Kalor Di Sma Negeri 2 Kota Jambi
Authors: Sadiah Halimatul 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemahaman siswa terhadap hasil belajar fisika pada materi Suhu dan Kalor. Metodologi: Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa SMA N 2 Kota Jambi kelas XI MIPA 1, XI MIPA 2, XI MIPA 3 tahun ajaran 2020-2021. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Instrumen penelitian yaitu angket test soal suhu dan kalor 25 buah soal dengan sasaran siswa 45 orang. Temuan utama: Pemahaman siswa terkait konsep suhu dan kalor masih cenderung rendah. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari skor pemahaman konsep siswa dalam menjawab soal konseptual yang mendasar masih cenderung rendah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu Pemahaman siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Kota Jambi dikategorikan “Masih Rendah”. Sedangkan hasil belajar fisika pada materi suhu dan kalor siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Kota Jambi dikategorikan “Masih Rendah”. Keterbaruan penelitian: guru dapat menggunakan konsep pemahaman siswa untuk menentukan keberhasilan belajar.
Linguistic and non-linguistic cues to acquiring the strong distributivity of <em>each</em>
Authors: Knowlton Tyler , Gomes Victor 
Published: May 2022

The universal quantifier each is more strongly distributive than its counterparts every and all. It forces predicates to apply to individuals, it more often supports pair-list readings, it’s unfriendly to genericity, and, in psycholinguistic tasks, it encourages encoding and remembering individual properties. But what information leads learners to acquire this aspect of em>each’s meaning? We explore the hypothesis that, because of its meaning, parents are more likely to use each in situations that independently promote representing the domain of quantification as a series of individuals (as opposed to a group). In line with this, we find that in child-directed speech, parents often use each to quantify over small numbers of physically present things. The same cannot be said of every and all. Because such situations are independently known to trigger object-files – the mind’s system for representing individuals – we argue that these cases are ideal for acquiring the individualistic aspect of each.
Chromospheric Carbon Monoxide Formation around a Solar Pore
Authors: Stauffer Johnathan R. , Reardon Kevin P. , Penn Matt 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present observations of NOAA AR 11159, obtained on 2011 February 14 in the 4.7 μm band of carbon monoxide (CO) and coordinated with spectroscopic imaging of three atomic lines (Na i 5896 Å, Fe i 7090 Å, and Ca ii 8542 Å) which sample heights from the mid-photosphere to the chromosphere. Phase-difference spectra between the observed spectral lines instead indicate that the CO lines form at z ≈ 530−650 km in the quiet Sun. During the two hours of observations, seven long-lived cooling events (“cold bubbles”) were observed in CO in the region surrounding a large pore, but were not visible in the three atomic lines. These events show self-similar temporal evolution with time scales consistent with the chemical formation rate of CO at z ≈ 1000 km. Due to the lack of such features in the surrounding quiet Sun, we hypothesize that the magnetic canopy field surrounding the pore, which suppresses the upward propagation of acoustic waves into the chromosphere and the subsequent formation of shocks, depresses the rate of acoustic heating and allows CO to condense and cool the atmosphere at those heights. These “cold bubbles” may be a source of the chromospheric CO that produces the unexpectedly high (z ≈ 1000 km) limb extensions seen in the stronger CO lines, and may provide a unique opportunity to study this enigmatic component of the solar atmosphere in spatially resolved observations.
The Temperature and Emission Measure Distribution in the Quiet and Active Solar Corona: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Dere Kenneth P. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The reconstruction of the differential emission measure (DEM) from observations of spectral line intensities provides information on the temperature distribution of the emission measure in the region observed. The inversion process is known to be highly unstable, and it has been necessary to provide additional constraints, such as requiring that the DEM should be smooth. However, this is a nonphysical constraint. The goal of this analysis is to make an empirical determination of the ability of a set of emission-line intensities to constrain the reconstruction. Here, a simple model is used, by means of a Markov Chain Monte Carlo process, to arrive at solutions that reproduce the observed intensities in a region of the quiet Sun and a solar active region. These solutions are compared by means of the reduced chi-squared. The conclusion from this analysis is that the observations are only capable of constraining a model consisting of four temperature–emission measure pairs plus a determination of the standard deviation of the model from the observed line intensities. A more complex model with five temperature–emission measure pairs does not improve the fit and leads to parameters that are irrelevant. A more general conclusion is that the information content of a set of observed emission lines is limited with respect to the determination of the emission measure distribution.
An Exceptional Dimming Event for a Massive, Cool Supergiant in M51
Authors: Jencson Jacob E. , Sand David J. , Andrews Jennifer E. , Smith Nathan , Pearson Jeniveve , Strader Jay , Valenti Stefano , Beasor Emma R. , Rothberg Barry 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the discovery of an exceptional dimming event in a cool supergiant star in the Local Volume spiral M51. The star, dubbed M51-DS1, was found as part of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) search for failed supernovae (SNe). The supergiant, which is plausibly associated with a very young (≲6 Myr) stellar population, showed clear variability (amplitude ΔF814W ≈ 0.7 mag) in numerous HST images obtained between 1995 and 2016, before suddenly dimming by >2 mag in F814W sometime between late 2017 and mid-2019. In follow-up data from 2021, the star rebrightened, ruling out a failed supernova. Prior to its near-disappearance, the star was luminous and red (M

F814W
≲ − 7.6 mag, F606W − F814W = 1.9–2.2 mag). Modeling of the pre-dimming spectral energy distribution of the star favors a highly reddened, very luminous (

log
[
L

/

L

⊙

]
=
5.4

–5.7) star with T
eff ≈ 3700–4700 K, indicative of a cool yellow or post-red supergiant (RSG) with an initial mass of ≈26–40 M
⊙. However, the local interstellar extinction and circumstellar extinction are uncertain, and could be lower: the near-IR colors are consistent with an RSG, which would be cooler (T
eff ≲ 3700 K) and slightly less luminous (

log
[
L

/

L

⊙

]
=
5.2

–5.3), giving an inferred initial mass of ≈19–22 M
⊙. In either case, the dimming may be explained by a rare episode of enhanced mass loss that temporarily obscures the star, potentially a more extreme counterpart to the 2019–2020 “Great Dimming” of Betelgeuse. Given the emerging evidence that massive evolved stars commonly exhibit variability that can mimic a disappearing star, our work highlights a substantial challenge in identifying true failed SNe.
Hier, j’ai tué mon père
Authors: Louët Estelle 
Published: May 2022

Quand le fantasme de parricide conduit au passage à l’acte meurtrier, fût-il échoué, comment penser les achoppements du traitement psychique de l’excitation particulièrement intense à l’adolescence ? À partir des épreuves projectives d’ Alban , est proposée une analyse centrée sur deux axes, celui de l’analité et de la perversion. Elle découvre le caractère non structurant des ancrages anaux et le débordement des capacités de liaison pulsionnelle face à l’intensité des vœux incestueux et de meurtre, conduisant au passage à l’acte équivalent à une tentative de « tuer » l’excitation.
Confinement et numérique comme d’un mimétisme traumatique
Authors: Pitteri Aleksandra , Tordo Frédéric 
Published: May 2022

Le caractère inédit de la pandémie de la Covid a participé à l’affaiblissement des résistances psychiques mettant à jour bien souvent les vécus traumatiques jusqu’alors occultés. Dans ce contexte, le vécu traumatique a pu être sollicité à triple valence : par l’effet du confinement, par le recours omniprésent au numérique, et enfin par l’installation générale des téléconsultations dans les soins psychiques. Nous discuterons de cette sollicitation multiple du traumatique à la lumière de la compréhension du processus adolescent.
Party Animals: Animal Products in Portable Objects of Sociability in Eighteenth-Century Britain
Authors: Fennetaux Ariane 
Published: May 2022

L’article s’intéresse à l’utilisation des produits animaux dans la réalisation d’objets portatifs au cours du long xviii e siècle. Galuchat, coquillages, ou écaille de tortue étaient couramment utilisés pour fabriquer ou recouvrir de petits accessoires portatifs liés aux pratiques de sociabilité. Carnets de bal, tabatières, lorgnettes, râpes à muscade ou éventails étaient réalisés dans une variété de finitions parmi lesquelles figuraient ces matériaux d’origine animale dont le lustre, l’éclat, les formes ou la couleur signalaient leurs origines exotiques et contribuaient à la mise en scène du goût et du statut de leur propriétaire. Ces objets portatifs étaient au centre de réseaux de sociabilité, tant en raison de leur mode d’acquisition que de leur utilisation. À ce titre, ils contribuaient à la construction de ces réseaux ainsi qu’à celle d’espaces sociaux liés par les codes gestuels qu’impliquait leur usage (H. Lefebvre). Ils étaient également sous-tendus par les réseaux commerciaux mondiaux créés par l’empire britannique en expansion et par la fascination — et l’exploitation — de la faune « exotique » découverte alors. En combinant culture matérielle, histoire globale et histoire environnementale, l’article analyse l’utilisation des produits animaux dans les accessoires portables de sociabilité pour montrer comment leurs qualités spécifiques permettaient d’articuler différentes notions d’espace, tandis que certains des objets, en mêlant sociabilité européenne et espèce animale lointaine, contribuaient à la construction de l’opposition nature/culture.
Pets in the Studio. Mediating Artistic Sociability in a Polite and Commercial Age
Authors: Mesplède Sophie 
Published: May 2022

Cet article se propose d’explorer le rôle joué par les animaux de compagnie des artistes britanniques du dix-huitième siècle dans la construction, à la fois visuelle et matérielle, de la sociabilité artistique au sein de l’atelier. À partir d’une lecture de l’autoportrait de 1745 de William Hogarth en compagnie de son chien Trump comme représentation d’un espace dans lequel le carlin ne fut pas une simple figure de style, mais bien une présence réelle, il met en lumière la façon dont ces compagnons surent aider les portraitistes à déployer les talents de socialisation qui leur assureraient le succès sur un marché de l’art émergent, tout en leur apportant le réconfort émotionnel que le besoin de plaire dans un environnement compétitif leur faisait rechercher. En concluant par une étude de l’autoportrait d’Edwin Landseer intitulé The Connoisseurs, il suggère que les animaux domestiques furent des acteurs centraux dans l’articulation et la mise en scène d’une « insociable sociabilité » alimentée par le positionnement souvent ambigu des artistes sur le marché de l’art.
Économie verte : marchandiser la planète pour la sauver ?
Authors: Lander Edgardo , Denamur Anne-Françoise 
Published: May 2022

Du sommet de la Terre à Rio en 1992 à Rio+20 en 2012, les crises environnementales n’ont fait que s’aggraver, faute de rompre avec la logique dominante du capitalisme industriel. Loin de remettre en question ce système, les concepts de « développement durable », alors, et d’« économie verte », aujourd’hui, tentent de faire croire qu’une solution est possible sans modifier la structure du pouvoir ni les mécanismes du libre marché en vigueur.
Économie verte : marchandiser la planète pour la sauver ?
Authors: Tandon Yash , Nyffenegger Élisabeth 
Published: May 2022

L’Afrique reste à la merci d’une classe dirigeante globale guidée par la maximisation du profit à tout prix et par la consolidation de sa position. Au moment où le continent est confronté à l’énorme défi du changement climatique et à la création d’une « économie verte », un regard intérieur s’impose. Il s’agit de s’appuyer sur les experts et les ressources du continent, résistant ainsi à la tentation ou l’imposition de l’« expertise » extérieure.
Impact of Cognitive Rehearsal Training Over Time for New Registered Nurses
Authors: Seibel Lana Michelle , Fehr Florriann Carissa , Sarwal Shalina , Panchuk Haley Josephine 
Published: May 2022

Background

New RNs are most at risk for being bullied in health care. Cognitive rehearsal training (CRT) as an anti-bullying intervention is a novel approach to address the issue using role-play to respond to scenarios involving bullying. Previous studies (
Griffin, 2004
;
O'Connell et al., 2019
) show that students find the CRT strategy useful to increase their confidence and competence when managing a bullying situation.

Method

New RNs (
N
= 15) who had attended a CRT workshop 1 to 2 years previously answered an in-depth survey as to how they had used the training in the interim period.

Results
Seventy-one percent of the participants were able to recognize bullying behavior, and 64% had been able to stop from reacting immediately. Half of the participants reported taking time to reflect on the context of the bullying and manage their emotions and then respond in a professional manner.

Conclusion

Nurses in this study requested further CRT to solidify their learning, which could result in more prosocial responses to bullying.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(5):203–211.]
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine, Lidocaine, Magnesium Sulfate, and Remifentanil in Cough Suppression During Endotracheal Extubation
Authors: Jafarzadeh Ehsan , Modir Hesameddin , Moshiri Esmail , Barsari Farzad Zamani , Almasi-Hashiani Amir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
This study was undertaken to compare the effects of several drugs on attenuation of stimulatory responses and cough suppression at the end of endotracheal extubation under general anesthesia.

Patients and Methods:
This trial was conducted on 120 patients who were candidates for general anesthesia in Arak, Iran. The patients were randomly assigned into four groups. All groups received the study drugs 10 min prior to the end of surgery in the following manner: group 1, 0.5 μg/kg intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine; group 2, 1.5 mg/kg IV lidocaine; group 3, 1 μg/kg IV remifentanil; and group 4, 30 mg/kg IV magnesium sulfate 50%. Laryngospasm, the presence of cough, mean arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), arterial oxygen saturation, and sedation were assessed and recorded.

Results:
No significant difference was observed in the number of coughs (P = .740) among the study groups. Although the dexmedetomidine group showed more sedation, the lowest increase in HR (P = .001) was observed in lidocaine and dexmedetomidine groups, respectively. The lowest and highest HR was observed in lidocaine and magnesium sulfate groups, respectively. The patients did not have laryngospasm during the assessment. In addition, dexmedetomidine had the highest Ramsay score (P = .019).

Conclusion:
There was no difference in the amount of laryngospasm and cough in the groups, and due to the lack of no serious complication requiring treatment, the study drugs can be recommended to be used for attenuating and suppressing stimulatory responses during endotracheal extubation.
A cross-sectional survey of psychosocial effects of COVID-19 on doctors working in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kota Sushmitha , Kumar Shankar , Kayarpady Anvitha , Gopal Archana , Prashanth N. R. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has made great psychological impact on the medical fraternity. Concerns such as fear of infection and inadequate PPE can lead to psychological distress impairing functioning.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to assess psychosocial effects among doctors working with COVID-19 patients and to study the association of these concerns with psychological distress.

Settings and Design:
It was a cross-sectional study conducted among 150 doctors in a tertiary care hospital treating COVID-19 patients for a period of 2 months.

Materials and Methods:
A pro forma containing sociodemographic details, concerns regarding COVID-19 and perceived needs that could reduce stress among the doctors, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 was sent using Google Forms to consenting doctors. Data were entered on SPSSv20. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test to compare concerns, univariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to predict stress using concerns.

Results:
Out of 150 doctors, 53 (35.33%) were male and 97 (52.67%) were female. The main concerns were fear of infecting colleagues and family members (55.33%), not getting adequate support from the management (47.33%), fear of infecting themselves (22%), and fear of death (22.66%). Working as a team (76.67%), provision of adequate PPE (63.33%), positive attitude of colleagues (62.67%), recognition of work by the management (58.67%), provision of adequate training (56.67%), and family support (53.33%) were the main perceived needs of the doctors which could reduce stress. Those with “high stress” significantly had greater helplessness, loneliness, and feeling avoided by people and fear of death due to COVID-19 (P: 0.05, 0.001, 0.002, and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:
The chief concerns among doctors working in COVID hospitals were regarding safety (infecting family members) and stigma and discrimination by the society. Factors which they perceived would reduce stress were working in a team, social support, and provision of safety measures by administration/management.