bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 5-Item Modified Frailty Index for Risk Stratification of Patients Undergoing Total Elbow Arthroplasty
Authors: Gordon Adam M. , Conway Charles A. , Sheth Bhavya K. , Magruder Matthew L. , Choueka Jack 
Published: June 2022

Background: Frailty, quantified using the 5-item modified frailty index (mFI-5), has been shown to predict adverse outcomes in orthopaedic surgery. The utility in total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) patients is unclear. We evaluated if increasing frailty would correlate with worse postoperative outcomes. Methods: A retrospective assessment of patients in the American College of Surgeons National Surgery Quality Improvement Program undergoing primary TEA was performed. The mFI-5 was calculated by assigning 1 point for each comorbidity (diabetes, hypertension, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and functionally dependent health status). Poisson regression was used to evaluate mFI-5 scores on complications, length of stay (LOS), and adverse discharge. A significance threshold was at P < .05. Results: In total, 609 patients were included; 34.5% (n = 210) were not frail (mFI = 0), 44.0% (n = 268) were slightly frail (mFI = 1), and 21.5% (n = 131) were frail (mFI ≥ 2). As mFI score increased from 0 to ≥ 2, the following rates increased: any complication (9.0%-19.8%), major complication (11.0%-20.6%), cardiac complication (0.0%-2.3%), hematologic complication (3.3%-9.2%), adverse discharge (2.9%-22.9%), and LOS from 2.08 to 3.97 days (all P < .048). Following adjustment, Poisson regression demonstrated patients with a mFI ≥ 2 had increased risk of major complication (risk ratio [RR]: 2.13; P = .029), any complication (RR: 2.49; P = .032), Clavien-Dindo IV complication (RR: 5.53; P = .041), and adverse discharge (RR: 5.72; P < .001). Conclusions: Frailty is not only associated with longer hospitalizations, but more major complications and non-home discharge. The mFI-5 is a useful risk stratification that may assist in decision-making for TEA.
Methodological Insights From a Virtual, Team-Based Rapid Qualitative Method Applied to a Study of Providers’ Perspectives of the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Hospital-To-Home Transitions
Authors: Singh Hardeep , Tang Terence , Thombs Rachel , Armas Alana , Nie Jason X , Nelson Michelle L. A. , Gray Carolyn Steele 
Published: June 2022

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid virtual qualitative methods have gained attention in applied health research to produce timely, actionable results while complying with the pandemic restrictions. However, rigour and analytical depth may be two areas of concern for rapid qualitative methods. Methods In this paper, we present an overview of a virtual team-based rapid qualitative method within a study that explored health care providers’ perspectives of how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted hospital-to-home transitions, lessons learned in applying this method, and recommendations for changes. Using this method, qualitative data were collected and analyzed using the Zoom Healthcare videoconferencing platform and telephone. Visual summary maps were iteratively created from the audio recordings of each interview through virtual analytic meetings with the team. Maps representing similar settings (e.g. hospital providers and community providers) and Sites were combined to form meta-maps representing that group’s experience. The combinations of data that best fit together were used to form the final meta-map through discussion. Results This case example is used to provide a description of how to apply a virtual team-based rapid qualitative method. This paper also offers a discussion of the opportunities and challenges of applying this method, in particular how the virtual team-based rapid qualitative method could be modified to produce timely results virtually while attending to rigour and depth. Conclusions We contend that the virtual team-based rapid qualitative data collection and analysis method was useful for generating timely, rigorous, and in-depth knowledge about transitional care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The recommended modifications to this method may enhance its utility for researchers to apply to their qualitative research studies.
Efficacy and safety of vitamin-K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Li Weijia , Seo Jiyoung , Kokkinidis Damianos G , Palaiodimos Leonidas , Nagraj Sanjana , Korompoki Eleni , Milionis Haralambos , Doehner Wolfram , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Ntaios George 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a major public health issue associated with significantly increased risk of stroke. It remains uncertain whether oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm (HF-SR) could improve prognosis. Methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases for randomized controlled clinical trials assessing oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelets or placebo in patients with HF or ventricular dysfunction/cardiomyopathy without clinical HF and SR. The outcomes assessed were stroke/systemic embolism, major bleeding, myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality, and HF hospitalization. Results: Seven trials of 15,794 patients were eligible for our analyses. The overall follow-up duration was 32,367 patient-years corresponding to a mean follow-up of 2.05 years per patient. Four trials included patients treated with warfarin and three included patients treated with rivaroxaban. OAC was associated with reduced rate of stroke or systemic embolism compared to control (odds ratio (OR): 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 0.73, number needed to treat (NNT): 71.9) but higher rate of major bleeding (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.47, 2.50, number needed to harm (NNH): 57.1). In the subgroup analysis according to the type of OAC, rivaroxaban was associated with significantly reduced rate of stroke or systemic embolism (1.24 vs 1.97 events per 100 patient-years, respectively, OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88, NNT: 82) and higher risk of major bleeding (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.20) compared to antiplatelets or placebo. There was no significant differences between groups for the outcomes of myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality, and HF hospitalization. Conclusion: This analysis shows that any benefit of OAC for stroke prevention may be offset by an increased risk of major bleeding in HF-SR patients. A well-designed randomized controlled trial of newer safer OACs is needed in this population.
Linaclotide utilization and potential for off-label use and misuse in three European countries
Authors: Cid-Ruzafa Javier , Lacy Brian E. , Schultze Anna , Duong Mai , Lu Yi , Raluy-Callado Mireia , Donaldson Robert , Weissman Darren , Gómez-Lumbreras Ainhoa , Ouchi Dan , Giner-Soriano Maria , Morros Rosa , Ukah Ahunna , Pohl Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Linaclotide is approved for adults with moderate-to-severe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with constipation (IBS-C). Linaclotide is not indicated for weight loss or for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); it is contraindicated in patients with mechanical bowel obstruction (MBO). Some patients with obesity or eating disorders (ED) may use linaclotide off-label for weight loss or as a laxative. Objectives: To describe the use of linaclotide in clinical practice, including patients with potential for off-label use or misuse. Methods: Post-authorization safety study conducted in three databases from the linaclotide launch date to 2017: the Clinical Practice Research Datalink in the United Kingdom (UK), the Information System for Research in Primary Care database in Spain and the linked Patient, Prescription and Causes of Death Registries in Sweden. Cohorts of patients were identified as having IBS using diagnostic and treatment codes; IBS subtypes were identified using symptoms and treatment codes; patients with obesity, ED, MBO, and IBD were identified using diagnostic codes or body mass index. Results: There were 1319, 1981, and 5081 linaclotide users from the United Kingdom, Spain, and Sweden with a median age of 45, 57, and 51 years, respectively; most were females. In the United Kingdom, Spain, and Sweden, respectively: 59.0%, 60.3%, and 31.3% of linaclotide users had an IBS diagnosis recorded, and among those, 68.8%, 61.3%, and 92.7% were classified as IBS-C. The proportions of linaclotide users considered at risk for potential off-label use for weight loss or as a laxative were 17.1%, 29.7%, and 1.7%, and the proportions of users considered at risk of misuse due to a history of MBO or IBD were 3.5%, 4.6%, and 5.7% in the United Kingdom, Spain, and Sweden, respectively. Conclusions: Potential linaclotide off-label use and misuse appears limited, as evidenced by the small sizes of the patient subgroups at risk for off-label use and misuse.
Endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms with flow diverters: A retrospective long-term single center analysis
Authors: Simgen Andreas , Roth Christian , Kulikovski Johann , Papanagiotou Panagiotis , Roumia Safwan , Dietrich Philipp , Mühl-Benninghaus Ruben , Kettner Michael , Reith Wolfgang , Yilmaz Umut 
Published: June 2022

Purpose The introduction of flow diverters (FDs) in 2007 greatly enhanced the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Here, we present our long-term clinical experience in treating unruptured intracranial aneurysms with FDs. Methods 107 patients with unruptured aneurysms and treated with an FD between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Aneurysm occlusion, procedural complications, and clinical outcome were evaluated. Results Angiographic follow-up was available for 93 patients with a mean long-term follow-up time of 28.4 ± 21.6 months. Additional coiling was performed in 15.1% of patients ( n = 14). Adequate aneurysm occlusion (Kamran grades 3 and 4) at long-term follow-up was achieved in 94.6% of patients ( n = 88). 3.2% ( n = 3) required endovascular retreatment since the last follow-up showed a lack of aneurysm occlusion (Kamran grade 0) due to a foreshortening of the FD. Incomplete opening of the FD and parent vessel occlusion was seen in 1.1% ( n = 1) and 3.2% ( n = 3) of patients, respectively. In-stent stenosis was observed in 57% ( n = 53) of cases at short-term follow-up and 22.6% ( n = 21) at long-term, which were moderate and asymptomatic overall. In-stent stenosis decreased significantly between short- and long-term follow-ups (31.4 ± 17.0% vs 9.7 ± 13.6%, respectively; p ≤ 0.001). Thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events occurred in 7.5% ( n = 7) and 1.1% ( n = 1) of patients, respectively. Good clinical outcome (modified Rankin scale: 0–2) was obtained in 97.8% ( n = 91) leading to an overall treatment-related morbidity of 2.2% ( n = 2). There was no procedural mortality. Conclusion Our study shows that FD treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is effective and safe with high occlusion rates and low rates of permanent morbidity at long-term follow-up.
Resource mobilization combined with motivational interviewing to promote healthy behaviors and healthy weight in low-income families: An intervention feasibility study
Authors: Laroche Helena H , Park-Mroch Jennifer , O’Shea Amy , Rice Sarai , Cintron Yolanda , Engebretsen Bery 
Published: June 2022

Objectives: This non-randomized pilot trial examined the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention for low-income families with one parent with obesity, glucose intolerance and/or diabetes. Methods: The 12-month intervention combined health coaching using motivational interviewing to promote lifestyle behavior change and community resource mobilization to assist with basic needs plus diet quality and physical activity. Outcome measures included process measures, open-ended questions, and the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity scale. Results: Forty-five families completed an average of 2.1 health coach in-person visits, including 15 families lost to follow-up. Parents who stayed in the intervention reported the intervention was helpful. Some families and the health coach had difficulties contacting one another, and some of these families reported they would have liked more sessions with the coach. The Family Nutrition and Physical Activity scores improved significantly for all children (6 months: 2.9; p < .01; 12 months: 3.2; p < .05) and at 6 months for index children (6 months: 3.5; p < .01; 12 months: 2.9; p = .09). There was variation in the FNPA and other outcome changes between families. Conclusion: This intervention was feasible in terms of recruitment and delivery of family sessions and community referrals and acceptable to participants, but maintaining contact with participants was difficult. Findings warrant improvements to help retention and logistical aspects of communication between families and coaches and testing in a randomized, controlled trial.
Quality of life in Barth syndrome
Authors: Kim Alexander Y. , Vernon Hilary , Manuel Ryan , Almuqbil Mohammed , Hornby Brittany 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Barth syndrome (BTHS) is a rare X-linked disorder characterized by cardiomyopathy, neutropenia, growth abnormalities, and skeletal myopathy. There have been few studies investigating health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in this population. This study investigated the impact of BTHS on HRQoL and select physiologic measures in affected boys and men. Methods: In this study, we characterize HRQoL in boys and men with BTHS through cross-sectional analysis of a variety of outcome measures including the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM) Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales, PedsQLTM Multidimensional Fatigue Scale, Barth Syndrome Symptom Assessment, the PROMISTM Fatigue Short Form, the EuroQol Group EQ-5DTM, the Patient Global Impression of Symptoms (PGIS), and the Caregiver Global Impression of Symptoms (CaGIS). For a specific subset of participants, physiologic data were available in addition to HRQoL data. Results: For the PedsQLTM questionnaires, 18 unique child and parent reports were analyzed for children aged 5–18 years, and nine unique parent reports were analyzed for children aged 2–4 years. For the other HRQoL outcome measures and physiologic measurements, the data from 12 subjects (age range 12–35 years) were analyzed. Based on parent and child reports, HRQoL is significantly impaired in boys and men with BTHS, especially in school functioning and physical functioning. Parent and child reports of more severe fatigue are significantly correlated with more impaired HRQoL. When exploring the potential relationship between physiology and HRQoL, the CaGIS as a whole for pediatric subjects and individual questionnaire items from the PGIS and CaGIS for pediatric subjects assessing tiredness, muscle weakness, and muscle pain showed the strongest correlations. Conclusion: This study provides a unique characterization of the HRQoL in boys and men with BTHS using a variety of outcome measures, and it highlights the negative impact of fatigue and muscle weakness on HRQoL in BTHS. Trial registry name:: A Trial to Evaluate Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Elamipretide in Subjects with Barth Syndrome (TAZPOWER). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03098797 . Registration Number: NCT03098797
BNIP3 mediates the different adaptive responses of fibroblast-like synovial cells to hypoxia in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Deng Ran , Wang Yan , Bu Yanhong , Wu Hong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia is one of the important characteristics of synovial microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and plays an important role in synovial hyperplasia. In terms of cell survival, fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLSs) are relatively affected by hypoxia. In contrast, fibroblast-like synovial cells from patients with RA (RA-FLSs) are particularly resistant to hypoxia-induced cell death. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether fibroblast-like synovial cells in patients with osteoarthritis (OA-FLSs) and RA-FLSs have the same adaptation to hypoxia.MethodsCCK-8, flow cytometry and BrdU were used to detect the proliferation of OA-FLSs and RA-FLSs under different oxygen concentrations. Apoptosis was detected by AV/PI, TUNEL and Western blot, mitophagy was observed by electron microscope, laser confocal microscope and Western blot, the state of mitochondria was detected by ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry, BNIP3 and HIF-1α were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR. The silencing of BNIP3 was achieved by stealth RNA system technology.ResultsAfter hypoxia, the survival rate of OA-FLSs decreased, while the proliferation activity of RA-FLSs further increased. Hypoxia induced an increase in apoptosis and inhibition of mitophagy in OA-FLSs, but not in RA-FLSs. Hypoxia led to a more lasting adaptive response. RA-FLSs displayed a more significant increase in the expression of genes transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α. Interestingly, they showed higher BNIP3 expression than OA-FLSs, and showed stronger mitophagy and proliferation activities. BNIP3 siRNA experiment confirmed the potential role of BNIP3 in the survival of RA-FLSs. Inhibition of BNIP3 resulted in the decrease of cell proliferation, mitophagy and the increase of apoptosis.ConclusionIn summary, RA-FLSs maintained intracellular redox balance through mitophagy to promote cell survival under hypoxia. The mitophagy of OA-FLSs was too little to maintain the redox balance of mitochondria, resulting in apoptosis. The difference of mitophagy between OA-FLSs and RA-FLSs under hypoxia is mediated by the level of BNIP3 expression.
Lane-Exchanging Driving Strategy for Autonomous Vehicle via Trajectory Prediction and Model Predictive Control
Authors: Chen Yimin , Yu Huilong , Zhang Jinwei , Cao Dongpu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe cooperation between an autonomous vehicle and a nearby vehicle is critical to ensure driving safety in the lane-exchanging scenario. The nearby vehicle trajectory needs to be predicted, from which the autonomous vehicle is controlled to prevent possible collisions. This paper proposes a lane-exchanging driving strategy for the autonomous vehicle to cooperate with the nearby vehicle by integrating vehicle trajectory prediction and motion control. A trajectory prediction method is developed to anticipate the nearby vehicle trajectory. The Gaussian mixture model (GMM), together with the vehicle kinematic model, are synthesized to predict the nearby vehicle trajectory. A potential-field-based model predictive control (MPC) approach is utilized by the autonomous vehicle to conduct the lane-exchanging maneuver. The potential field of the nearby vehicle is considered in the controller design for collision avoidance. On-road driving data verification shows that the nearby vehicle trajectory can be predicted by the proposed method. CarSim® simulations validate that the autonomous vehicle can perform the lane-exchanging maneuver and avoid the nearby vehicle using the proposed driving strategy. The autonomous vehicle can thus safely perform the lane-exchanging maneuver and avoid the nearby vehicle.
Study on the Formation and Separation Process of Droplets in the Medical Piezoelectric Atomization Device Induced by Intra-hole Fluctuation
Authors: Yan Qiufeng , Sun Wanting , Zhang Jianhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTraditional atomization devices always exhibit many drawbacks, such as non-uniform atomization particle sizes, instability of transient atomization quantity and uncontrollability of precise energy, which seriously restrict further practical application of atomization inhalation therapy. The formation and separation process of droplets belongs to a microphenomenon of atomization. The investigation of the droplet formation and separation process will be favorable for understanding the atomization mechanism. In present work, the Conservative Level Set Method (CLSM) is successfully applied on the simulation of the formation and separation of droplets in a medical piezoelectric atomization device induced by intra-hole fluctuation. The intra-hole fluctuation mechanism is systematically explored and analyzed, and also the expression of the volume change in the micro cone hole is built and evaluated. Both the control equation and simulation model of droplet formation and separation process have been well established by meshing the simulation model, and thereby the process of droplet formation and separation is simulated. The corresponding results demonstrate that the breaking time of droplets is decreased with the inlet velocity and liquid temperature rising, while enhanced with the liquid concentration increasing. Meanwhile, the volume of droplet is decreased with the inlet velocity and liquid concentration increasing, but increased with the liquid temperature rising. The velocity of droplet is enhanced with the inlet velocity and liquid temperature rising, and reduced with the increase of liquid concentration. When the large side diameter of micro-cone hole is set as 79 μm, the breaking time of the droplet reaches a minimum value of 38.7 μs, whereas the volume and the velocity of droplet reach a maximum value of 79.8 pL and 4.46 m/s, respectively. This study provides theoretical guidance for the design of medical piezoelectric atomization devices and contributes to the promotion of inhalation therapy in practical use.
Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of serum exosomes from patients of renal anemia: The Good and the Bad of Roxadustat
Authors: You Xiaoe , Guo Baochun , Wang Zhen , Ma Hualin , Zhang Xinzhou 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Roxadustat is a new oral anti-renal anemia medication that works by stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) which can activate the expression of more than 100 genes in addition to genes related to anemia. However, the more potential molecular targets of roxadustat are not completely clear. Therefore, it is essential to further reveal its molecular targets to guide its clinical applications.

Methods
We performed label-free quantification and LC-MS/MS to study the proteomic alterations in serum exosome of renal anemia patients before and after roxadustat therapy. Results were validated by PRM.

Results
A total of 30 proteins were significantly changed after treatment with roxadustat. Among these proteins, 18 proteins were up-regulated (and 12 were down-regulated). The results are statistically significant (P < 0.05). Then, we validated the result by PRM, the results confirmed that TFRC, HSPA8, ITGB3, COL1A2, and YWHAZ were markedly upregulated, while ITIH2 and CFH were significantly downregulated upon treatment with roxadustat.

Conclusions
TFRC and HSPA8 could be an important target of the action of roxadustat, and roxadustat may increase cardiovascular risk through its influence on platelet activation. Our results provide a theoretical basis for its wider clinical application and preventing expected side effects.