bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Laser Melting of Fe-Based Metallic Glasses With Different Degree of Plasticity
Authors: Małachowska A. , Żrodowski Ł. , Morończyk B. , Maj Ł. , Kuś A. , Lampke T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the promising techniques for producing metallic glass components with unlimited geometries and dimensions. In the case of iron-based metallic glasses, the appearance of cracks remains a problem. In this work, two alloys Fe48Mo14Cr15Y2C15B6 and (Fe0.9Co0.1)76Mo4(P0.45C0.2B0.2Si0.15)20, differing in their plasticity, were printed with a double stage scanning strategy. Both alloys were characterized by a fully amorphous structure and a crack grid that coincided with the hatch distance in the first scan. Segregations of metalloids were observed in the vicinity of the cracks. Fe48Mo14Cr15Y2C15B6 samples were characterized by a high compression strength of 1298 ± 11 MPa and zero plasticity. The compression strength of the (Fe0.9Co0.1)76Mo4(P0.45C0.2B0.2Si0.15)20 samples was 142 ± 22 MPa. The results obtained suggest that further development of scanning strategies and research on the influence of alloying elements is needed.
Vorzeit und Nachwelt: Archivtheorie und Denkmalschutz in J. W. Goethes Die Wahlverwandtschaften
Authors: Hottner Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den von der Forschung bisher nur wenig beachteten Themenkomplexen der Archivierung, des Denkmalschutzes und der Restaurierung konzentrieren sich zentrale darstellerische Problematiken von Goethes Wahlverwandtschaften. Dessen Auseinandersetzung mit Archivierungsdiskursen und -techniken des späten 18. Jahrhunderts, so soll hier gezeigt werden, erhellt nicht nur eine wichtige wissensgeschichtliche Folie des Romans, sondern verdeutlicht auch, dass sein Interesse an Archiven sowie die für das Spätwerk beschriebene »Archivpoetik« auch schon für die Zeit der Wahlverwandtschaften zu veranschlagen ist.
Vers l’intégration de l’écocide dans le Statut de Rome
Authors: TSHIAMALA BANUNGANA CHRISTIAN 
Published: December 2022

RésuméCette réflexion se propose d’analyser le texte du projet d’amendements du Statut de Rome visant à inclure dans le champ matériel de la Cour pénale internationale (CPI) un crime d’écocide. Conçu sous l’égide d’une organisation non gouvernementale réunissant douze spécialistes-praticiens du droit international de l’environnement et du droit international pénal, ce texte vient marquer les bases d’une définition juridique d’un crime écologique autonome. S’inscrivant dans la dynamique d’incrimination des dommages gravement attentatoires à l’environnement, cette démarche de caractérisation remonte dans la brume grisâtre d’un passé un tout petit peu lointain. L’on relèvera à cet effet que l’opération Ranch Hand au Vietnam constitue l’un des repères structurant l’urgence de criminaliser les actes graves d’atteinte écologique. C’est dans cette perspective que les travaux de la Commission du droit international sur la codification des crimes contre la paix et la sécurité de l’humanité soulignent l’intérêt d’incriminer aussi bien les dommages écologiques perpétrés en temps de paix que dans le contexte de belligérance. Le Statut de Rome s’étant limité, dans sa conception originale, aux seuls dommages écologiques perpétrés en temps de guerre, ce projet d’amendements du Statut de Rome rend compte de l’intérêt de prendre en charge notamment les milliers d’atteintes écologiques émanant, en temps normal, des multinationales et des criminels maffieux, à travers une incrimination autonome consacrant l’écocide comme cinquième crime contre la paix et la sécurité de l’humanité. Force est de souligner que cette proposition de révision vient rééquilibrer les fondements épistémologiques d’une convention par excellence anthropocentrique en lui assignant une bonne dose d’éco-centrisme. C’est donc l’occasion de souligner qu’ayant été assumé par le Vanuatu à l’occasion de la 20ème session de l’Assemblée générale des États-parties du Statut de Rome, ce texte constitue la base sur laquelle repose cette révision conventionnelle. Il appartiendra aux États-parties au texte instituant la CPI de se l’approprier à travers leur implication dans le processus de révision.
Claudius, Elephants and Britain: Making Sense of Cassius Dio 60.21.2
Authors: Charles Michael B. , Singleton Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNarratives of the Claudian invasion of Britain in a.d. 43 have regularly referred to elephants being part of Claudius’ force, with some accounts even suggesting that Claudius paraded the beasts through Colchester (Camulodunum), or even rode on top of one. This study investigates these claims, which derive solely from a somewhat ambiguous reference in Cassius Dio's (60.21.2) description of the invasion. Temporal and logistical constraints, together with military and iconographic considerations, however, make it highly unlikely that the animals, even if they had been assembled on the Channel, made their way across to Britain. Overall, the study shows that Dio's testimony should be treated with extreme caution, and should be accorded only parenthetical importance in treatments of the Claudian invasion.
Unraveling Trade‐Offs Among Reforestation, Urbanization, and Food Security in the South China Karst Region: How Can a Hinterland Province Achieve SDGs?
Authors: Qiu Sijing , Peng Jian , Quine Timothy A. , Green Sophie M. , Liu Hongyan , Liu Yanxu , Hartley Iain P. , Meersmans Jeroen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhether the world can achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) largely depends on the ability of less‐developed areas to cope with multiple socio‐economic changes. The challenges that hinterland areas would face during the realization of SDGs has not yet received enough attentions. In this study, a context‐based assessment of regional food balances was conducted, considering key challenges related to socio‐economic development as well as land use competition under the framework of the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) and the implementation of reforestation. We examined one of the poorest hinterland provinces in China as a case study, projecting its food deficit and exploring the potential threats to and opportunities for SDG realization by 2030, including population growth, urbanization, urban land expansion and reforestation. The projections revealed a crop deficit of 4.9–9.8 million tonnes, corresponding to the food demands of 10.2–20.6 million people. Approximately 76%–81% of this deficit was expected to be caused by increased food demand, rather than reforestation policies. Therefore, for this less‐developed area with low agricultural productivity and large groups of vulnerable people, population growth and urbanization are likely to result in demands for food that cannot be met locally. In addition, large‐scale reforestation projects, while enhancing a number of key ecosystem services, will increase the local food deficit by promoting the abandonment of cropland. This will result in greater reliance on food imports, with potential impacts on SDG realization in other regions. These findings highlight the need for integrated governance across multiple scales to ensure hinterland sustainability.
The Geology of Eden Patera, a Type‐Example of Plains Style Caldera Complexes on Mars
Authors: Chu Yin Yau Yoyo , Michalski Joseph R. , Webb A. Alexander G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA population of underrecognized volcanic constructs associated with explosive and effusive volcanism is present within Arabia Terra and perhaps throughout the ancient highlands on Mars. These features, termed “plains‐style caldera complexes,” are characterized by 10s‐of‐km wide crustal collapse structures, lava flows, and potential pyroclastic deposits, but without a pronounced central edifice. Vast layered deposits around Eden Patera and throughout Arabia Terra are possibly linked to these explosive volcanisms. Remote sensing‐based morphological and geologic mapping was carried out along with geomorphological and structural analyses, and the application of terrestrial analogs to test the hypothesis that these large‐scale collapse features are controlled by magmatism and volcanic activity. Here, we map the surface geology, structure, and geomorphology of Eden Patera, providing a well‐exposed and documented benchmark for the identification of other plains‐style caldera complexes across the surface of the Martian crust. The unexplored population of explosive process‐dominated volcanic constructs could potentially be an important yet underrecognized aspect of the Martian geologic record.
An Empirical Model of the Sporadic E Layer Intensity Based on COSMIC Radio Occultation Observations
Authors: Niu Jun , Fang Han‐xian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIonospheric sporadic E layers are common phenomena occurring in the ionospheric E region altitude (∼90–120 km) with much higher electron density. The lack of a large amount of sporadic E layer intensity observation on a global scale restrains the construction of global modeling of sporadic E layer intensity. Recent studies reveal that radio occultation observation can be used for sporadic E layer intensity inversion. In this paper, a low‐mid latitude empirical model of sporadic E layer critical frequency is constructed based on Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate radio occultation data during 2007–2012. Model results show good accordance with ionosonde observations over 16 stations in different latitudes. In general, the model has a good performance in simulating the climate variation features of sporadic E layer intensity with averaged deviation 0.23 MHz which indicates a slight overestimation. Besides, spatial and temporal variations simulated by the model are also analyzed and show good agreement with known sporadic E layer features. However, the empirical may be only suitable for climate research at present and potential methods to improve the model will be investigated in the latter research.
Data-driven methods for discovery of next-generation electrostrictive materials
Authors: Trujillo Dennis P. , Gurung Ashok , Yu Jiacheng , Nayak Sanjeev K. , Alpay S. Pamir , Janolin Pierre-Eymeric 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAll dielectrics exhibit electrostriction, i.e., display a quadratic strain response to an electric field compared to the linear strain dependence of piezoelectrics. As such, there is significant interest in discovering new electrostrictors with enhanced electrostrictive coefficients, especially as electrostrictors can exhibit effective piezoelectricity when a bias electric field is applied. We present the results of a study combining data mining and first-principles computations that indicate that there exists a group of iodides, bromides, and chlorides that have electrostrictive coefficients exceeding 10 m4 C–2 which are substantially higher than typical oxide electrostrictive ceramics and polymers. The corresponding effective piezoelectric voltage coefficients are three orders of magnitude larger than lead zirconate titanate.
Enhancing learning and retention with distinctive virtual reality environments and mental context reinstatement
Authors: Essoe Joey Ka-Yee , Reggente Nicco , Ohno Ai Aileen , Baek Younji Hera , Dell’Italia John , Rissman Jesse 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMemory is inherently context-dependent: internal and environmental cues become bound to learnt information, and the later absence of these cues can impair recall. Here, we developed an approach to leverage context-dependence to optimise learning of challenging, interference-prone material. While navigating through desktop virtual reality (VR) contexts, participants learnt 80 foreign words in two phonetically similar languages. Those participants who learnt each language in its own unique context showed reduced interference and improved one-week retention (92%), relative to those who learnt the languages in the same context (76%)—however, this advantage was only apparent if participants subjectively experienced VR-based contexts as “real” environments. A follow-up fMRI experiment confirmed that reinstatement of brain activity patterns associated with the original encoding context during word retrieval was associated with improved recall performance. These findings establish that context-dependence can be harnessed with VR to optimise learning and showcase the important role of mental context reinstatement.
Differences in fish herbivory among tropical and temperate seaweeds and annual patterns in kelp consumption influence the tropicalisation of temperate reefs
Authors: Vergés Adriana , Lanham Brendan S. , Kono Madoka , Okumura Satoru , Nakamura Yohei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClimate change is leading to novel species interactions and profoundly altering ecosystems. In marine systems, tropical and subtropical species are increasing in higher latitudes. This has been linked to the deforestation of temperate coastlines, as direct effects of ocean warming combine with increased herbivory from tropical and sub-tropical fishes and lead to the decline of canopy-forming kelp. Here, we tested the hypothesis that this deforestation may be facilitated by greater palatability of temperate kelp and other canopy seaweeds compared to tropical taxa. We used multiple-choice filmed feeding field experiments and chemical analyses to measure the palatability of temperate and tropical seaweeds from Tosa Bay (southeastern Japan) and we used single-species feeding assays to measure changes in consumption of the kelp Ecklonia cava throughout the year. We found no evidence that temperate seaweeds are more palatable to herbivorous fish. In the multiple-choice assays, consumption was concentrated on both tropical and temperate Sargassum species, which are ephemeral and peak in abundance in the spring/early summer. Consumption of the kelp Ecklonia cava peaked during the autumn, when Sargassum species are absent. The highest levels of kelp herbivory coincide with the reproductive season for E. cava and may contribute to the long-term decline of these kelp forests in southern Japan.
A tensor decomposition-based integrated analysis applicable to multiple gene expression profiles without sample matching
Authors: Taguchi Y-h. , Turki Turki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profiles previously measured in distinct studies is problematic since missing both sample matches and common labels prevent their integration in fully data-driven, unsupervised training. In this study, we propose a strategy to enable the integration of multiple gene expression profiles among multiple independent studies with neither labeling nor sample matching using tensor decomposition unsupervised feature extraction. We apply this strategy to Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related gene expression profiles that lack precise correspondence among samples, including AD single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) data. We were able to select biologically reasonable genes using the integrated analysis. Overall, integrated gene expression profiles can function analogously to prior- and/or transfer-learning strategies in other machine-learning applications. For scRNA-seq, the proposed approach significantly reduces the required computational memory.
Transcriptomic changes underlying EGFR inhibitor resistance in human and mouse models of basal-like breast cancer
Authors: Rashid Narmeen S. , Boyd David C. , Olex Amy L. , Grible Jacqueline M. , Duong Alex K. , Alzubi Mohammad A. , Altman Julia E. , Leftwich Tess J. , Valentine Aaron D. , Hairr Nicole S. , Zboril Emily K. , Smith Timothy M. , Pfefferle Adam D. , Dozmorov Mikhail G. , Harrell J. Chuck 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goals of this study were to identify transcriptomic changes that arise in basal-like breast cancer cells during the development of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRi) and to identify drugs that are cytotoxic once EGFRi resistance occurs. Human patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) were grown in immunodeficient mice and treated with a set of EGFRi; the EGFRi erlotinib was selected for more expansive in vivo studies. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on mammary tumors from the basal-like PDX WHIM2 that was treated with vehicle or erlotinib for 9 weeks. The PDX was then subjected to long-term erlotinib treatment in vivo. Through serial passaging, an erlotinib-resistant subline of WHIM2 was generated. Bulk RNA-sequencing was performed on parental and erlotinib-resistant tumors. In vitro high-throughput drug screening with > 500 clinically used compounds was performed on parental and erlotinib-resistant cells. Previously published bulk gene expression microarray data from MMTV-Wnt1 tumors were contrasted with the WHIM2 PDX data. Erlotinib effectively inhibited WHIM2 tumor growth for approximately 4 weeks. Compared to untreated cells, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that a greater proportion of erlotinib-treated cells were in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Comparison of WHIM2 and MMTV-Wnt1 gene expression data revealed a set of 38 overlapping genes that were differentially expressed in the erlotinib-resistant WHIM2 and MMTV-Wnt1 tumors. Comparison of all three data types revealed five genes that were upregulated across all erlotinib-resistant samples: IL19, KLK7, LCN2, SAA1, and SAA2. Of these five genes, LCN2 was most abundantly expressed in triple-negative breast cancers, and its knockdown restored erlotinib sensitivity in vitro. Despite transcriptomic differences, parental and erlotinib-resistant WHIM2 displayed similar responses to the majority of drugs assessed for cytotoxicity in vitro. This study identified transcriptomic changes arising in erlotinib-resistant basal-like breast cancer. These data could be used to identify a biomarker or develop a gene signature predictive of patient response to EGFRi. Future studies should explore the predictive capacity of these gene signatures as well as how LCN2 contributes to the development of EGFRi resistance.
Bioactivity and phenolics profile of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of Satureja kitaibelii Wierzb. ex Heuff. obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction
Authors: Gopčević Kristina , Grujić Slavica , Arsenijević Jelena , Džamić Ana , Veličković Ivona , Izrael-Živković Lidija , Medić Ana , Mudrić Jelena , Soković Marina , Đurić Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the biological activity and chemical composition ofSatureja kitaibeliiWierzb. ex Heuff. LC–PDA/MS analyses for the aqueous extracts (A1-stem, leaves and flowers, A2-leaves and flowers) and ethyl-acetate extracts (E1-stem, leaves and flowers, E2-leaves and flowers) obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction enabled the identification of thirty-four compounds. Quantitative analysis revealed that the aqueous extract obtained from leaves and flowers was the richest in total phenolic acids (65.36 mg/g) and flavonoids (21.17 mg/g). The total polyphenol content was the highest in the aqueous extract obtained from leaves and flowers (274 ± 2.4 mg Gallic Acid equivalents/g). The best antioxidant activity was observed for the same extract using the DPPH (SC50 20 ± 10 µg/mL), ABTS (2.834 ± 0.02 mg Ascorbic Acid/g), FRAP (1.922 ± 0.03 mmol Fe2+/mg), and total reducing power tests (16.4 ± 1.0 mg Ascorbic Acid/g). Both ethyl acetate extracts were the most active against strains ofBacillus cereusandMicrococcus flavus(MIC 1.70–1.99 mg/mL and 1.99–3.41 mg/mL, respectively). They were more efficient againstAspergillus ochraceus(MFC 0.86 mg/mL) and towards HeLa cell lines. All the obtained results implied the good potential of the investigated extracts to be used as effective preservatives and functional ingredients in food products and dietary supplements.
DNA methylation and expression of the egfr gene are associated with worker size in monomorphic ants
Authors: Renard Thibaut , Gueydan Cyril , Aron Serge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe reproductive division of labour is a hallmark of eusocial Hymenoptera. Females are either reproductive queens or non-reproductive workers. In ants, workers often display further task specialisation that is associated with variation in size and/or morphology. Because female polyphenism is typically under environmental control, it is thought epigenetic mechanisms (such as DNA methylation) play a central role since they mediate gene-by-environment interactions. Methylation of the growth-promoting geneepidermal growth factor receptor(egfr) was indeed shown to control worker size in a highly polymorphic ant. However, it remains unknown ifegfrmethylation could also regulate worker size in monomorphic species. By combining experimental pharmacology and molecular biology, we show that worker size is associated withegfrmethylation in two monomorphic ants. Furthermore, we functionally demonstrate that EGFR signalling affects worker size. These results indicate that worker size regulation byegfrmethylation has been mechanistically conserved in ants but remains unexploited in monomorphic species.
Nonlinear Rayleigh wave propagation in thermoelastic media in dual-phase-lag
Authors: Youssef A. A. , Amein N. K. , Abdelrahman N. S. , Abou-Dina M. S. , Ghaleb A. F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA model of generalized thermoelasticity within dual-phase-lag is used to investigate nonlinear Rayleigh wave propagation in a half-space of a transversely isotropic elastic material. It is assumed that the coefficient of heat conduction is temperature-dependent, a fact that plays an important role in the coupling behaviour analysis of thermoelastic and piezo-thermoelastic solids. Taking such a dependence into account becomes a necessity at higher temperatures and in nano-structures, when the material properties can no longer be considered as constants. Normal mode analysis is applied to find a particular solution to the problem under consideration. A concrete case is solved under prescribed boundary conditions and tentative values of the different material coefficients. The results are discussed to reveal the effect of temperature dependence of the heat conduction coefficient, as well as the thermal relaxation times, on nonlinear Rayleigh wave propagation. All quantities of practical interest are illustrated in two-and three-dimensional plots. The presented results may be useful in the detection of the second harmonic amplitudes through measurements related to the propagating heat wave.
Bisphosphonate affects the behavioral responses to HCl by disrupting farnesyl diphosphate synthase in mouse taste bud and tongue epithelial cells
Authors: Oike Asami , Iwata Shusuke , Hirayama Ayaka , Ono Yurika , Nagasato Yuki , Kawabata Yuko , Takai Shingo , Sanematsu Keisuke , Wada Naohisa , Shigemura Noriatsu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying drug-induced taste disorders, which can cause malnutrition and reduce quality of life. One of taste disorders is known adverse effects of bisphosphonates, which are administered as anti-osteoporotic drugs. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effects of risedronate (a bisphosphonate) on taste bud cells. Expression analyses revealed that farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS, a key enzyme in the mevalonate pathway) was present in a subset of mouse taste bud and tongue epithelial cells, especially type III sour-sensitive taste cells. Other mevalonate pathway-associated molecules were also detected in mouse taste buds. Behavioral analyses revealed that mice administered risedronate exhibited a significantly enhanced aversion to HCl but not for other basic taste solutions, whereas the taste nerve responses were not affected by risedronate. Additionally, the taste buds of mice administered risedronate exhibited significantly lower mRNA expression of desmoglein-2, an integral component of desmosomes. Taken together, these findings suggest that risedronate may interact directly with FDPS to inhibit the mevalonate pathway in taste bud and tongue epithelial cells, thereby affecting the expression of desmoglein-2 related with epithelial barrier function, which may lead to alterations in behavioral responses to HCl via somatosensory nerves.