bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Echocardiographic Predictor of Atrial Fibrillation in Patient with Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease
Authors: Ashmawy Medhat Mohammed , El-Gendy Ehab Abdellatif , Allaithy Amany Mohamed , Zarad Ahmed E. I. Abu 
Published: July 2022

Background: Rheumatic fever principally influences kids in developing states, particularly where deficiency is common. Atrial fibrosis is a mutual characteristic of clinical atrial fibrillation (AF) and is accompanying with AF in a diversity of experiment sittings,
Aim and Objectives: The current work aimed to assess whether there are any clinical or echo-cardiographic parameters that expect the existence of AF among cases with rheumatic mitral valve disorder (RMVD),
Subjects and Methods: The current study was a comparative cross-sectional was conducted on 100 RMVD cases at cardio-vascular medicine department Tanta university hospitals within 6-mths starting from September 2019. Cases have been allocated into 2 groups: Group-I: 50 cases with sinus rhythm. Group-II: 50 cases with AF,
Results: A significant change was found among study groups regarding Fibrosis characteristics, There is a highly significant difference between the three different types regarding mitral valve area (MVA), LA-diameter, LA volume, LA-diameter/BSA and LA volume index, Age, area of mitral valve, LA-diameter and LA volume were found to be significant predictors for AF,
Conclusion: Echo-cardiography factors could recognize cases at higher danger of advancing AF among RMVD cases who may benefit from preventive measures.
Mapping of DTPA Extractable Micronutrients in Sugarcane Soils of Sudhalagunta Sugar Factory, Andhra Pradesh, India – A GIS Approach
Authors: Vajantha B. , Nagamadhuri K. V. , Prasunarani P. , Hemalatha T. M. , Sarala N. V. , Kumar M. Hemanth 
Published: July 2022

Sugarcane is the most important commercial crop grown in India and plays vital role in agricultural and industrial economy. In Andhra Pradesh, more than 50% of sugarcane is produced from Chittoor district for sugar and jaggery production. Sugarcane is heavy nutrient requirement crop and also removes considerable amount of nutrients through biomass. Continuous application of straight fertilizers, limited use of organic manures as well as non recycling of crop residues causes micronutrient deficiencies in soil. Keeping this in view, the present study was taken up to study the physico-chemical properties and DTPA extractable micronutrients and mapping of these nutrients. Soil samples along with geo reference coordinates were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical properties and DTPA extractable micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). The digital soil maps for DTPA extractable micronutrients were generated with geo reference coordinates by using GIS approach. The analytical data of soils in Sudhalagunta sugar factory zone, Chittoor district showed that 80% of samples were slightly alkaline in reaction followed by 13% of samples were neutral in reaction. Regarding electrical conductivity, 16% of soils were slightly saline in nature. Among micronutrients, except DTPA-Zn, all cationic micronutrients were existed in above critical limit in this factory zone, 11% of soils showed Zn deficiency. Similar trend was noticed in plant Zn content. 18.4% of plant samples showed Zn deficiency. Remaining micronutrients were in sufficient range. Digital maps for DTPA - Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu have prepared.
Cardiovascular and Venous Thromboembolic Risk With Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Immune‐Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Maqsood Muhammad Haisum , Weber Brittany N. , Haberman Rebecca H. , Lo Sicco Kristen I. , Bangalore Sripal , Garshick Michael S. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveJanus kinase (JAK) inhibition effectively treats immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs); however, concern over the risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains. We aimed to evaluate the safety (VTE and MACE outcomes) of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of IMIDs.MethodsA search in PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases was conducted for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of JAK inhibitors across IMIDs. Primary outcomes were VTE and MACE with JAK inhibitors compared with placebo and active comparator arms stratified by follow‐up time.ResultsSixty‐six RCTs enrolled 38,574 patients with a mean age of 48.8 years and a mean follow‐up of 10.5 months. JAK inhibitors had a numerically higher rate of VTE when compared with controls (odds ratio [OR] 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.97‐2.79), driven by trials with a follow‐up duration of 12 or more months (OR 2.17; 95% CI: 1.16‐4.05; Pinteraction = 0.05). When compared with active comparators, JAK inhibitors increased VTE in clinical trials with 12 or more months’ versus less than 12 months’ follow‐up time (OR 2.38 [95% CI: 1.24‐4.57] vs 0.30 [95% CI: 0.07‐1.26], respectively; Pinteraction = 0.01). No increased risk of VTE was seen when comparing JAK inhibitors with placebo arms. For the outcome of MACE, the results were largely similar but did not reach statistical significance (OR 1.19; 95% CI: 0.86‐1.64).ConclusionJAK inhibitors when compared with active comparator arms increased the risk of VTE, which was dependent on duration of exposure. Future clinical trials with extended follow‐up are needed to clarify the safety profiles of JAK inhibitors.
Terminal velocity of fern and lycopod spores is affected more by mass and ornamentation than by size
Authors: Gómez‐Noguez Felipe , Domínguez‐Ugalde César , Flores‐Galván Catalina , León‐Rossano Luis Manuel , García Blanca Pérez , Mendoza‐Ruiz Aniceto , Rosas‐Pérez Irma , Mehltreter Klaus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPremiseTerminal velocity (Vt) is an important factor for the dispersal of biological particles but has scarcely been studied for anemochorous fern spores, and the influence of spore characteristics on Vt has not been evaluated. Here, we measured the Vt of 1234 spores of 18 fern species and two Selaginella microspores using videoimaging analysis and evaluated the effects of mass, size, and ornamentation on Vt.MethodsWe designed a sedimentation tower with a graduated microtelescope attached to a high‐speed video camera to record falling particles and measure the Vt of fern spores using video‐image processing software. Spores were measured for each species and their size correlated with Vt.ResultsThe Vt of fern spores ranged from 4.7 cm·s−1 (Cyathea costaricensis) to 18.85 cm·s−1 (Acrostichum danaeifolium). The method is accurate and reliable as predicted by Stokes model for glass beads of known density and size. In addition, Vt had a higher correlation coefficient with mass (ρ = 0.72) than size (ρ = 0.20), and ornamental appendages reduced Vt.ConclusionsThe reported values of Vt of fern spores are within the range of different biological airborne particles such as moss spores and pollen grains of seed plants. The results showed that spore ornamentation is directly related to Vt rather than spore size and may increase or decrease the drag. This method will aid future aerobiological research on biological particles.
Recent decrease in western North Pacific tropical cyclone rapid intensification during June
Authors: Song Jinjie , Klotzbach Philip J. , Jiang Sulin , Duan Yihong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the long‐term tendency in the ratio of rapid intensification (RI) cases to the total number of tropical cyclone cases over the western North Pacific (WNP) during June between 1982 and 2021. There is a significant decreasing trend in RI ratio during June, which is opposite to the increasing trend in RI ratio during July–November. From 1982–2005 to 2006–2021, the June RI ratio significantly decreases over the region of 5°–20°N and 120°–150°N, while showing weak changes over other parts of the WNP. Over the region with a significant RI ratio reduction, significantly reduced 850‐hPa relative vorticity and 200‐hPa divergence and significantly enhanced 850 to 200‐hPa vertical wind shear are the likely primary drivers. The RI‐suppressing effect of the above changes in dynamical variables exceeds the RI‐favoring effect of the warming ocean, for example, significantly increased sea surface temperature and tropical cyclone heat potential, over this same region. Moreover, the changes in dynamic conditions can be related to an anomalous low‐level anticyclonic circulation, anomalous upper‐level convergent flow and a greater enhancement of upper‐level easterlies than lower‐level easterlies. Our study highlights the importance of changes in dynamic variables (e.g., vertical wind shear) in modulating WNP RI activity.
A graphical alternative for multiple group comparisons in analysis of covariance
Authors: Jayalath Kalanka P. , Ng Hon Keung Tony 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnalysis of means (ANOM) is a graphical alternative for the analysis of variance (ANOVA) that was primarily developed for multiple mean comparisons. The ANOM is a simple graphical display that provides a visualization of statistically significant results and it allows validating their practical significance without deep statistics knowledge. The classical ANOM has been developed to analyze fixed mean effects, and its recent developments allow testing random and mixed effects. On the other hand, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) is an extension of ANOVA that applies to test means in the presence of uncontrollable concomitant/nuisance variables. To effectively communicate the statistical findings from ANCOVA to a general audience on some public interest issue areas such as COVID‐19, visualization of statistically significant results is a practical approach. This paper provides a graphical alternative for multiple group comparisons in ANCOVA as an extension of the ANOM. The proposed graphical alternative is validated and compared with the ANCOVA using a Monte Carlo simulation study. The simulation results indicated that the proposed method stands strong for practical ANCOVA problems. In addition, a COVID‐19 application and two additional applications related to toxicology and business are used to exhibit the value of the proposed graphical procedure in practice.
Metabolic profiling of emodin drug‐induced liver injury and silybin treatment in rats using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry: A metabolomic and mechanistic approach
Authors: Chen Chang , Qian Jiahui , Zhao Xinyu , Han Xuyang , Tang Xu , Gao Junfeng , Liu Yan , Jiang Jinzhu , Wen Binyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSilybin, an active component in the plant Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., is commonly used to protect against liver disease. We investigated silybin's protective potential in rat liver against emodin‐induced liver injury 4 weeks. It was found that aspartate aminotransferase and direct bilirubin serum biomarkers for liver toxicity significantly increased, and liver histopathology revealed cholestasis and necrosis in rats administered emodin alone, whereas aspartate aminotransferase and total bile acid levels in rats administered emodin and silybin simultaneously were changed compared to rats administered emodin alone. Liver mRNA and protein levels of Cyp7a1—which plays roles in cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis—and Abcb11 (Bsep)—which facilitates bile salt secretion in hepatocyte canaliculi—were significantly altered with emodin, whereas cotreatment with silybin attenuated emodin's adverse effect. Metabolomic analysis using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry determined eight potential metabolite biomarkers in serum, urine, and liver tissue. Network analysis was conducted to conceptualize the interplay of genes, metabolites, and metabolic pathways for cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis for liver injury. Overall, rats administered only emodin were shown to be a sound model to investigate fat‐associated drug‐induced hepatoxicity or liver injury and cotreatment of emodin with silybin prevents fatty liver injury. This metabolomic study revealed that emodin‐induced fatty liver injury disrupted bile acid synthesis, vitamin B6, and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways and that silybin ameliorates liver injury on these compromised pathways.
Development and validation of an LC–ESI–QTOF–MS method to measure cefepime in the plasma and peritoneal fluid of rats using microdialysis: Application in a pilot pharmacokinetic study
Authors: dos Anjos Michele Vaz , Possa Eduarda , da Silva Fonseca Gisele , Bergoza Larissa , dos Santos Paulo Roberto , Moura e Silva Sidnei , Tasso Leandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCefepime (CEF) is a cephalosporin and can be administered in secondary peritonitis together with metronidazole to treat sepsis. This study aimed to develop and validate an LC–ESI–QTOF–MS method for the quantification of cefepime in the plasma and peritoneal microdialysate of healthy Wistar rats. Chromatographic separation was performed using a CLC‐ODS C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm), a C18 pre‐column (4 mm, 5 μm) and isocratic elution. Gallic acid was used as the internal standard. The mobile phase consisted of (A) ultrapure water (pH adjusted to 3.5) and (B) acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) at 0.8 ml/min. Quantification was performed using a mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization in positive mode to monitor ions with m/z 481.1322 (CEF) and m/z 171.0288 (IS). The method was validated for selectivity, precision, accuracy, linearity, stability, lower limit of quantification, carryover, recovery and matrix effect. Calibration was done in the ranges 1–40 and 1–100 μg/ml for the peritoneal microdialysate and plasma, respectively. Plasma extraction recovery ranged from 93.9 to 99.9%. The technique was validated and successfully applied in a pilot pharmacokinetic study for estimating the free concentration of CEF in the peritoneal microdialysate of rats for the first time.
ε‐poly‐L‐lysine‐modified polydopamine nanoparticles for targeted photothermal therapy of drug‐resistant bacterial keratitis
Authors: Fan Wenjie , Han Haijie , Lu Zhouyu , Huang Yue , Zhang Yin , Chen Yaoyao , Zhang Xiaobo , Ji Jian , Yao Ke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBacterial keratitis can lead to intraocular infection and even blindness without prompt and potent treatments. Currently, clinical abuse of antibiotics encouraged the evolution of resistant bacteria. Conventional antibiotic eye drops based keratitis treatment has been heavily restricted due to the lack of bactericidal efficiency and easy induction of bacterial resistance. Hence, developing an effective treatment strategy for bacterial keratitis is of great significance. In this work, we investigated ε‐poly‐l‐lysine (EPL)‐modified polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles (EPL@PDA NPs)‐mediated antibacterial photothermal therapy (aPTT), to cope with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)‐induced keratitis. The surface modification of cationic peptide EPL enables EPL@PDA NPs to specifically target negatively charged MRSA and induces local hyperthermia to kill the bacteria under low ambient temperature. Under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation, the sterilization efficiency of EPL@PDA NPs suspension for MRSA in vitro was up to 99.96%. The EPL@PDA‐mediated aPTT presented potent antibacterial efficacy in treating MRSA‐induced keratitis with little corneal epithelial cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. In conclusion, the bacterial‐targeting aPTT platform in this work provides a prospective method for the management of MRSA‐induced refractory bacterial keratitis.
Chemosensitivity‐Gene Expression Correlations and Functional Enrichment Analysis Provide Insight into the Mechanism of Action of a Platinum‐Acridine Anticancer Agent
Authors: Wu Haoqing , Bierbach Ulrich 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNCI‐60 growth inhibition and gene expression profiles were analyzed using Pearson correlation and functional enrichment computational tools to demonstrate critical mechanistic differences between a nucleolus‐targeting platinum‐acridine anticancer agent (PA) and other DNA‐directed chemotherapies. The results support prior experimental data and are consistent with DNA being a major target of the hybrid agent based on the negative correlations observed between its potency and expression levels of genes implicated in DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair. Gene ontology terms related to RNA processing, including ribosome biogenesis, are also negatively enriched, suggesting a mechanism by which these processes render cancer cells more resistant to the highly cytotoxic agent. The opposite trend is observed for oxaliplatin and other DNA‐targeted drugs. Significant functional interactions exist between genes/gene products involved in ribosome biogenesis and DSB repair, including the ribosomal protein (RPL5)‐MDM2‐p53 surveillance pathway, as a response to the nucleolar stress produced by PAs.
Aerobic/Room‐Temperature‐Compatible s‐Block Organometallic Chemistry in Neat Conditions: A Missing Synthetic Tool for the Selective Conversion of Nitriles into Asymmetric Alcohols
Authors: Elorriaga David , Carrillo‐Hermosilla Fernando , Parra‐Cadenas Blanca , Antiñolo Antonio , García‐Álvarez Joaquín 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHighly‐efficient and selective one‐pot/two‐step modular double addition of different highly polar organometallic reagents (RLi/RMgX) to nitriles en route to asymmetric tertiary alcohols (without the need for isolation/purification of any halfway reaction intermediate) has been studied, for the first time, in the absence of external/additional organic solvents (neat conditions), at room temperature and under air/moisture (no protecting atmosphere is required), which are generally forbidden reaction conditions in the field of highly‐reactive organolithium/organomagnesium reagents. The one‐pot modular tandem protocol demonstrated high chemoselectivity with a broad range of nitriles, as no side reactions (Li/halogen exchange, ortho‐lithiations or benzylic metalations) were detected. Finally, this protocol could be scaled up, thus proving that this environmentally friendly methodology is amenable for a possible applied synthesis of asymmetric tertiary alcohols under bench type reaction conditions and in the absence of external organic solvents.
Bioinspired materials for droplet manipulation: Principles, methods and applications
Authors: Xu Jinkai , Xiu Siyu , Lian Zhongxu , Yu Huadong , Cao Jiaji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDroplet manipulation techniques such as transport and merging have been widely used in many fields including biology, chemistry, material and energy applications. Moreover, droplet manipulation strategies have been extensively investigated and reviewed in terms of droplet placement on solid surfaces. However, less attention has been paid to the practice of droplet manipulation technology in other environments, limiting our understanding and the broadening of technology application. In this article, we provided an overview of the recent progress in controlling droplets in various situations, including droplet manipulation on a surface mediated by the passive strategy (Laplace pressure and wettability gradients) and active strategy (electric field, magnetic field, light and heat). We also presented the principle of droplet manipulation and detailed the application of bionic surfaces in droplet manipulation, and the applications and prospects of droplet manipulation technology were summarized.
Bio‐inspired spontaneous splitting of underwater bubbles along a superhydrophobic open pathway without perturbation
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Jianqiang , Wang Xuejiao , Lv Dong , Cao Chunyan , Ai Liqing , Yao Xi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBubbles are pervasive in aqueous media, and on account of numerous advantages of tiny bubbles, efficient bubble splitting is favorable in a wide range of applications. However, underwater bubble splitting faces a lot of challenges because bubbles tend to coalesce during the rising due to the action of buoyancy and surface energy, and the consumption of considerable external energy is needed. Inspired by the bubble bursting phenomenon on the feathers of high‐speed swimming penguins, we proposed a new bubble splitting strategy based on the energy conversion of bubble transportation on superhydrophobic open pathways. A porous superhydrophobic coating was first developed via a bubble‐template assisted fabrication method, which provides hierarchical micro/nanostructures and robust air plastron. Gas bubbles can transport along the superhydrophobic open pathways without perturbation, and split into smaller ones by taking advantage of the potential energy contributed by buoyancy. By controlling the superhydrophobic pathway, the size of the split bubbles can be controlled precisely. We also demonstrated that a bubble splitting device could be applied in underwater reactions where an enhanced gas−liquid mass transfer is desired. This bubble splitting strategy may offer new prospects for underwater bubble manipulation and unfold a potential in many bubble‐involved fields.
Numerical study on the thermal energy storage employing phase change material with honeycomb structure: The effect of heat transfer fluid configuration and honeycomb cell angles
Authors: Mahdi Mustafa S. , Hasan Ahmed F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConsiderable literature has studied different techniques to improve the thermal performance of latent heat thermal energy systems (LHTES) that utilize phase change materials (PCMs). This study aims to contribute to this growing area of research by using honeycomb structure and exploring the effect of heat transfer fluid (HTF) configuration and honeycomb cell angle on the thermal performance of the LHTES during melting and solidification processes. In this work, five cases were designed: case (a) was regarded as reference case; cases (b) and (c) were related to HTF configuration; cases (d) and (e) were used to study the effect of honeycomb cell angle. A numerical study was conducted using ANSYS FLUENT R19.3, followed by experimental validation. In this study, a good agreement is obtained from the validation process. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model results show symmetrical melting and solidification behavior when using a honeycomb structure. The results of the HTF configuration show a significant effect. For case (c) with a multiple water block, significant melting and solidification enhancements are obtained with 56% and 50%, respectively. Thus, the HTF configuration can improve the thermal performance of the storage. However, considering different honeycomb cell angles show an insignificant effect on the melting and solidification rates.