bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical packaging process: A method for improving the transport packaging
Authors: Sarıhan Mungan Seda , Aydın Samet 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose is to present the steps and mathematical methods of improving the transport packaging process, which is an integral operation of outbound logistics. Case studies involving tertiary packaging have been conducted, as it is a traditional form of transport packaging. AHP (analytical hierarchy process), as one of multidecision criteria methods, has been used for packing selection. It allows decision‐makers to model complex problems in a hierarchical structure that shows the relationship between the objective, criteria and alternatives. LP (linear programming) which helps to locate the optimal solution to a set of linear equations with a linear objective function has been suggested for in‐pack quantity analysis. The package performance has been tracked by the AHP&DEMATEL hybrid model. AHP does not evaluate the interactions between the factors. Thanks to DEMATEL (Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory), it is possible to strengthen this aspect by showing causal relationships on a diagram. The results highlight that an ‘analytical packaging process (APP)’ that has not been reported in previous researches allows for a proactive approach and intervention to the efficiency of the packaging. The proposal to implement APP, based on three stages as package selection, determination quantity in package and evaluation of the performance, is particularly significant while contributing to the competitive advantage. This paper seeks to fulfil the gap by providing a unified framework for packaging process categories. This study is the first study that uses both the AHP & DEMATEL hybrid model and prioritises the participants in scoring of the packaging.
Synchronous Surface Reconstruction and Defect Passivation for High‐Performance Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Hao , Tian Qingwen , Gu Xiaojing , Zhang Shiang , Wang Zhiteng , Zuo Xuejiao , Liu Yali , Zhao Kui , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe nonradiative charge recombination caused by surface defects and inferior crystalline quality are major roadblocks to further enhancing the performance of CsPbI3−xBrxperovskite solar cells (PSCs). Theoretical calculations indicate that sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (NaDDTC), a popular bacteriostatic benign material, can initiate multiple interactions with the CsPbI3−xBrxperovskite surface to effectively passivate the defects. The experimental results reveal that the NaDDTC can indeed passivate the electron trap states and lock active sites for charge traps and water adsorption. In addition, it is found that a solid‐state reaction is triggered for perovskite crystal regrowth by the NaDDTC post‐treatment, which not only enlarges grain size for reducing the density of grain boundary defects but also compensates some surface defects induced by the primary film growth. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the CsPbI3−xBrxPSC is increased to as high as 20.40%, with significant improvement in fill factor and open‐circuit voltage (VOC), making it one of the highest for this type of solar cell. Furthermore, the optimized devices exhibit better environmental stability. Overall, this robust synchronous strategy provides efficient surface reconstruction and defect passivation for achieving both high PCE and stable inorganic perovskite.
Teaching and learning about respiratory infectious diseases: A scoping review of interventions in K‐12 education
Authors: Kafai Yasmin B. , Xin Yue , Fields Deborah , Tofel‐Grehl Colby 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pandemic outbreak of COVID‐19 has highlighted an urgent need for infectious disease education for K‐12 students. To gather a better understanding of what educational interventions have been conducted and to what effect, we performed a scoping review. We identified and examined 23 empirical researcher‐ and teacher‐designed studies conducted in the last 20 years that have reported on efforts to help K‐12 students learn about infectious diseases, with a focus on respiratory transmission. Our review shows studies of educational interventions on this topic are rare, especially with regard to the more population‐scale (vs. cellular level) concepts of epidemiology. Furthermore, efforts to educate youth about infectious disease primarily focused on secondary school students, with an emphasis on interactive learning environments to model or simulate both cellular‐level and population‐level attributes of infectious disease. Studies were only mildly successful in raising science interest, with somewhat stronger findings on helping students engage in scientific inquiry on the biology of infectious diseases and/or community spread. Most importantly, efforts left out critical dimensions of transmission dynamics key to understanding implications for public health. Based on our review, we articulate implications for further research and development in this important domain.
Data Ecosystems: A New Dimension of Value Creation Using AI and Machine Learning
Authors: Hecker Dirk , Voss Angelika , Wrobel Stefan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMachine learning and artificial intelligence have become crucial factors for the competitiveness of individual companies and entire economies. Yet their successful deployment requires access to a large volume of training data often not even available to the largest corporations. The rise of trustworthy federated digital ecosystems will significantly improve data availability for all participants and thus will allow a quantum leap for the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence at all scales of companies and in all sectors of the economy. In this chapter, we will explain how AI systems are built with data science and machine learning principles and describe how this leads to AI platforms. We will detail the principles of distributed learning which represents a perfect match with the principles of distributed data ecosystems and discuss how trust, as a central value proposition of modern ecosystems, carries over to creating trustworthy AI systems.
Energy Data Space
Authors: Berkhout Volker , Frey Carsten , Hertweck Philipp , Nestle David , Wickert Manuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe energy sector is in a dynamic transition from centralized systems with large fossil power plants to a decentralized system with a high number of renewable energy assets and a rapidly increasing number of additional flexible loads from storage solutions, e-mobility, or power-to-heat applications.To operate the system reliably, demand and supply have to be matched at all times very closely. Thus, the sector is very data and communication intensive and requires advanced ICT solutions to automate processes and deal with the enormous complexity.The Energy Data Space can enable the digitalization of the energy transition by providing an architecture to make data available in order to increase the efficiency in asset and system operation.Data provision and market communication within the system operations of electricity grids is a key use case due to its central role in the sector. Next, the integration of data from the smart meter rollout could as well be built on Data Space technology. Further use cases include predictive maintenance and the energy supply of buildings.Initial research projects have demonstrated the feasibility of basic use cases. On the European level, the Platoon project will provide seven pilot applications by 2024.
FIWARE for Data Spaces
Authors: Ahle Ulrich , Hierro Juan Jose 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes how smart applications from multiple domains can participate in the creation of data spaces based on FIWARE software building blocks. Smart applications participating in such data spaces share digital twin data in real time using a common standard API like NGSI-LD and relying on standard data models. Each smart solution contributes to build a complete digital twin data representation of the real world sharing their data. At the same time, they can exploit data shared by other applications. Relying on FIWARE Data Marketplace components, smart applications can publish data under concrete terms and conditions which include pricing or data usage/access policies.A federated cloud infrastructure and mechanisms supporting data sovereignty are necessary to create data spaces. However, additional elements have to be added to ease the creation of data value chains and the materialization of a data economy. Standard APIs, combined with standard data models, are crucial to support effective data exchange enabling loose coupling between parties as well as reusability and replaceability of data resources and applications. Similarly, data spaces need to incorporate mechanisms for publication, discovery, and trading of data resources. These are elements that FIWARE implements, and they can be combined with IDSA architecture elements like the IDS Connector to create data spaces supporting trusted and effective data sharing.The GAIA-X project, started in 2020, is aimed at creating a federated form of data infrastructure in Europe which strengthens the ability to both access and share data securely and confidently. FIWARE is bringing mature technologies, compatible with IDS and CEF Building Blocks, which will accelerate the delivery of GAIA-X to the market.
From Linear Supply Chains to Open Supply Ecosystems
Authors: Biegel Fabian , Verzano Nemrude 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe 2020s will be the beginning of an “Age of Data.” Data will help us unleash huge potentials in private but particularly also in the industry. At the same time, partly driven by the availability of this real-time information, the customer-supplier relationships are transforming from linear supply chains into networks and data-driven ecosystems. Efficient standards and technologies are key to this transformation.However, the biggest hurdle to sharing data continues to be the lack of trust in secure, transparent, and trustworthy information exchange. Concepts and instruments like the International Data Spaces are essential to guarantee data sovereignty.The SAP Asset Intelligence Network is therefore complemented by the core elements of IDS to maintain trust and transparency throughout the entire industry value network.
Introduction: Emotions (Jeong/Qing 情) in Korean Philosophy and Religion
Authors: Chung Edward Y. J. , Oh Jea Sophia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis introductory chapter presents the editors’ comprehensive introduction to four interrelated topics: “Emotions in General, East and West” (Sect. 1.1); “Emotions (Jeong/Qing情) in the Chinese Tradition: Textual, Philosophical, Ethical, and Religious” (Sect. 1.2); “Emotions in the Buddhist Tradition” (Sect. 1.3); and Emotions (Jeong/Qing情) in Korean Philosophy and Religion” (Sect. 1.4). The first three sections of this chapter efficiently serve as a helpful textual, philosophical, ethical, and religious background of Koreanjeong情 studies. The fourth section introduces Korean Confucian, comparative, contemporary, and Buddhist perspectives according to their leading thinkers, ideas, and implications with respect to Korean life and experience. This last section also outlines all three main parts of the book as well as all chapters of each part.
Conclusion: The Diversity, Dynamics, and Distinctiveness of Korean Jeong
Authors: Chung Edward Y. J. , Oh Jea Sophia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChapter1is the editors’ comprehensive introduction to this volume and serves as a textual, philosophical, ethical, and religious background of our studies of Korean emotions (jeong情). This concluding chapter presents “the diversity, dynamics, and distinctiveness of Koreanjeong.” It integrates, articulates, and concludes the introductory chapter as well as all eleven chapters of three main parts. We discuss Confucian, comparative, Buddhist, and contemporary ideas, perspectives, and implications by addressing the holistic theme ofjeongemotions also in relation to the distinctively Korean moral, social, and psychological experiences of human life and culture. We hope to develop fruitful concluding remarks and thought-provoking insights.
The Idea of Gyeong/Jing 敬 in Yi Toegye’s Korean Neo-Confucianism and Its Availability in Contemporary Ethical Debate
Authors: Choi Suk Gabriel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGyeong 敬 (jing in Chinese) is one of the most significant notions in the Korean Neo-Confucian philosophy of emotion. First, I will examine the meaning of gyeong and its relation to emotions within Korean Neo-Confucian discussion on human nature, mind-heart, virtue, self-cultivation, and emotion. I will note mainly how Toegye Yi Hwang (退溪 李滉1501–1570) understood Zhu Xi’s idea of jing and systemized it in his philosophy. Second, I will be especially concerned with showing that the notion of gyeong can play a distinctive role in contemporary Western discourse on emotion, morality, and virtue.
Thinking Through the Emotions with Korean Confucianism: Philosophical Translation and the Four-Seven Debate
Authors: Harroff Joseph E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe complex fields of emotional experience and embodied moral subjectivity are engaged in the context of the Four-Seven Debate in Korean Confucianism. This chapter suggests some fertile ground for further philosophical and historical research regarding the uniqueness of Korean Confucian thinking through the emotions and embodied ethical cultivation. Taking a cue from Yi Toegye on the importance of “reverent attention” as cultivatedhabitus, the importance of somaesthetic culture in transforming sedimented structures of feeling in order to become more inclusive and appreciative of diverse values is appealed to in a cosmopolitan horizon as a source of hope and creative intelligence.
Entanglement entropies of an interval in the free Schrödinger field theory at finite density
Authors: Mintchev Mihail , Pontello Diego , Sartori Alberto , Tonni Erik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We study the entanglement entropies of an interval on the infinite line in the free fermionic spinless Schrödinger field theory at finite density and zero temperature, which is a non-relativistic model with Lifshitz exponent z = 2. We prove that the entanglement entropies are finite functions of one dimensionless parameter proportional to the area of a rectangular region in the phase space determined by the Fermi momentum and the length of the interval. The entanglement entropy is a monotonically increasing function. By employing the properties of the prolate spheroidal wave functions of order zero or the asymptotic expansions of the tau function of the sine kernel, we find analytic expressions for the expansions of the entanglement entropies in the asymptotic regimes of small and large area of the rectangular region in the phase space. These expansions lead to prove that the analogue of the relativistic entropic C function is not monotonous. Extending our analyses to a class of free fermionic Lifshitz models labelled by their integer dynamical exponent z, we find that the parity of this exponent determines the properties of the bipartite entanglement for an interval on the line.
Characterizing the kinetics of presepsin and associated inflammatory biomarkers in human endotoxemia
Authors: Aulin Linda B. S. , Kleijburg Anne , Moerland Matthijs , van Hasselt J. G. Coen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, we describe the kinetics of a new potential inflammatory biomarker, presepsin, together with a panel of well-established biomarkers in a human endotoxemia study. We evaluated biomarker correlations and identified combinations that could hold valuable insights regarding the state of infection.
Gewalt gegen Rettungsdienstpersonal
Authors: Leuschner Fredericke , Herr Anne T. , Lutz Paulina , Fecher Lena , Selzer Michaela 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Angriffe gegen Rettungsdienstpersonal werden zwar medial und politisch vermehrt diskutiert, was sich auch in politischen Initiativen und Gesetzesänderungen widerspiegelt, die wissenschaftliche Studienlage in Deutschland ist allerdings noch lückenhaft und zeichnet insbesondere hinsichtlich der Prävalenzen solcher Vorfälle kein einheitliches Bild. Der vorliegende Artikel widmet sich einerseits den Prävalenzen, andererseits werden situative Eskalationsfaktoren sowie Folgen der Vorfälle und Wünsche der Einsatzkräfte in Bezug auf Angriffe dargelegt.

Methoden
Mittels eines Mixed-Methods-Ansatzes, der eine Langzeitbefragung zu den Häufigkeiten von Gewaltdelikten in Form eines Onlinefragebogens und qualitative Interviews mit Expert*innen und Betroffenen umfasst, wurde Rettungsdienstpersonal im Zeitraum von Mai bis August 2021 befragt.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigt sich, dass Angriffe, insbesondere verbaler Art, zum Arbeitsalltag von Rettungsdienstpersonal gehören. Im Durchschnitt wurden wöchentlich 29 % der Befragten beleidigt, belästigt oder verbal bedroht. Aber auch körperlichen Angriffen waren pro Woche durchschnittlich 8 % der Befragten ausgesetzt. Gleichzeitig wird hinsichtlich der Nachbetreuung und bezüglich der Ausbildungslage der Wunsch nach Anpassungen und Änderungen betont.

Diskussion
Eine Ausbildung sowie Schulungen, die für Gefahren sensibilisieren, Deeskalationsansätze in den Blick nehmen und Eigensicherung thematisieren, könnten das Risiko von Angriffen und somit Belastungen dieser Art im Berufsalltag senken.
Long-Term Outcomes of the 150 mm Drug-Coated Balloon Cohort from the IN.PACT Global Study
Authors: Brodmann Marianne , Lansink Wouter , Guetl Katharina , Micari Antonio , Menk Jeremiah , Zeller Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Data on the long-term safety and effectiveness of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) for the treatment of long femoropopliteal atherosclerotic lesions in the real-world setting are rare. This study reports 3 year and 5 year outcomes of the pre-specified 150 mm balloon sub-cohort of the IN.PACT Global Study.

Methods
The IN.PACT Global Study was a prospective, multicentre, international, single-arm study evaluating the performance of the IN.PACT Admiral DCB in real-world patients with femoropopliteal atherosclerotic disease. This pre-specified 150 mm DCB cohort analysis comprised 107 participants (111 lesions) with all target lesions treated with at least one 150 mm DCB.

Results
Mean lesion length was 20.3 ± 9.2 cm; 18.0% had in-stent restenosis, 58.6% were totally occluded, and 17.1% were severely calcified. Through 60 months, the Kaplan–Meier estimate of freedom from clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR) was 72.7% [95% confidence interval (CI):62.4%–80.5%]. The safety composite endpoint (freedom from device/procedure-related death through 30 days; freedom from target limb major amputation and clinically driven target vessel revascularization through 5 years) was 70.5%. The cumulative incidence of major amputation was 1.0% and all-cause mortality was 18.4% through 60 months. Freedom from CD-TLR rates in the provisional stented and non-stented subgroups through 36 months were 64.0% [95% CI: 46.1%–77.3%] and 81.9% [95% CI: 69.7%–89.6%] (log-rank p = 0.074), respectively.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate sustained long-term safety of the 150 mm IN.PACT Admiral DCB for long femoropopliteal atherosclerotic lesions in real-world patients. In particular, the results show that DCB angioplasty is an effective revascularization modality in long complex lesions. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01609296.

Level of Evidence.
Level 3, Cohort Study.
Xanthophyll cycles in the juniper haircap moss (Polytrichum juniperinum) and Antarctic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica) on Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands, Maritime Antarctica)
Authors: García-Plazaola José Ignacio , López-Pozo Marina , Fernández-Marín Beatriz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe summer climate in Maritime Antarctica is characterised by high humidity and cloudiness with slightly above zero temperatures. Under such conditions, photosynthetic activity is temperature-limited and plant communities are formed by a few species. These conditions could prevent the operation of the photoprotective xanthophyll (VAZ) cycle as low irradiance reduces the excess of energy and low temperatures limit enzyme activity. The VAZ cycle regulates the dissipation of the excess of absorbed light as heat, which is the main mechanism of photoprotection in plants. To test whether this mechanism operates dynamically in Antarctic plant communities, we characterised pigment dynamics under natural field conditions in two representative species: the moss Polytrichum juniperinum and the grass Deschampsia antarctica. Pigment analyses revealed that the total VAZ pool was in the upper range of the values reported for most plant species, suggesting that they are exposed to a high degree of environmental stress. Despite cloudiness, there was a strong conversion of violaxanthin (V) to zeaxanthin (Z) during daytime. Conversely, the dark-induced enzymatic epoxidation back to V was not limited by nocturnal temperatures. In contrast with plants from other cold ecosystems, we did not find any evidence of overnight retention of Z or sustained reductions in photochemical efficiency. These results are of interest for modelling, remote sensing and upscaling of the responses of Antarctic vegetation to environmental challenges.
Hyper-radiosensitivity affects low-dose acute myeloid leukemia incidence in a mathematical model
Authors: Stouten Sjors , Balkenende Ben , Roobol Lars , Lunel Sjoerd Verduyn , Badie Christophe , Dekkers Fieke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn vitro experiments show that the cells possibly responsible for radiation-induced acute myeloid leukemia (rAML) exhibit low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS). In these cells, HRS is responsible for excess cell killing at low doses. Besides the endpoint of cell killing, HRS has also been shown to stimulate the low-dose formation of chromosomal aberrations such as deletions. Although HRS has been investigated extensively, little is known about the possible effect of HRS on low-dose cancer risk. In CBA mice, rAML can largely be explained in terms of a radiation-induced Sfpi1 deletion and a point mutation in the remaining Sfpi1 gene copy. The aim of this paper is to present and quantify possible mechanisms through which HRS may influence low-dose rAML incidence in CBA mice. To accomplish this, a mechanistic rAML CBA mouse model was developed to study HRS-dependent AML onset after low-dose photon irradiation. The rAML incidence was computed under the assumptions that target cells: (1) do not exhibit HRS; (2) HRS only stimulates cell killing; or (3) HRS stimulates cell killing and the formation of the Sfpi1 deletion. In absence of HRS (control), the rAML dose-response curve can be approximated with a linear-quadratic function of the absorbed dose. Compared to the control, the assumption that HRS stimulates cell killing lowered the rAML incidence, whereas increased incidence was observed at low doses if HRS additionally stimulates the induction of the Sfpi1 deletion. In conclusion, cellular HRS affects the number of surviving pre-leukemic cells with an Sfpi1 deletion which, depending on the HRS assumption, directly translates to a lower/higher probability of developing rAML. Low-dose HRS may affect cancer risk in general by altering the probability that certain mutations occur/persist.