bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Severity of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Symptoms After Carbon Dioxide Laser vs Vaginal Estrogen Therapy
Authors: Jang Yeu-Chai , Leung Chi Yan , Huang Hsi-Lan 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceVaginal estrogen for genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) should be used with caution in women with contraindications, highlighting the need for effective treatment alternatives.ObjectiveTo compare the severity of GSM after vaginal laser vs estrogen therapy.Data SourcesThe PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles published from database inception to April 8, 2022, with no language restrictions. Reference lists were also searched.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the use of lasers with vaginal estrogen in adults were selected.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo investigators independently extracted data from included studies. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs was used to assess risk of bias of each study. A random-effects model was used to pool mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were Vaginal Analog Scale (VAS; higher scores indicate severer symptoms), Vaginal Health Index (VHI; higher scores indicate better vaginal health), Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI; higher scores indicate higher estrogen effect on the vaginal epithelium), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI; higher scores indicate better female sexual function), and Sexual Quotient–Female (SQ-F; higher scores indicate better female sexual function) questionnaire scores. Urinary symptoms were assessed as an additional outcome. Data analyses were performed from April 9 to 12, 2022.ResultsA total of 6 RCTs with 270 women with GSM were included (135 were randomized to laser therapy and 135 to estrogen therapy; mean age ranged from 54.6 to 61.0 years). No significant differences were found between carbon dioxide laser and vaginal estrogen from baseline to the end of follow-up in overall VAS scores (MD, −0.16; 95% CI, −0.67 to 0.36; I2, 33.31%), VHI (MD, 0.20; 95% CI, −0.56 to 0.97; I2, 83.25%), VMI (MD, −0.56; 95% CI, −1.14 to 0.02; I2, 35.07%), FSFI (MD, −0.04; 95% CI, −0.45 to 0.36; I2, 41.60%), and SQ-F (P = .37 based on 1 study). Other questionnaire-based outcome measures demonstrated no difference between groups from baseline to the end of follow-up for changes in urinary symptoms.Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs found that vaginal laser treatment is associated with similar improvement in genitourinary symptoms as vaginal estrogen therapy. Further research is needed to test whether vaginal laser therapy could be a potential treatment option for women with contraindications to vaginal estrogen.
Solar‐Driven Co‐Production of Hydrogen and Value‐Add Conductive Polyaniline Polymer
Authors: Chen Hongjun , Zheng Jianghui , Ballestas‐Barrientos Alfonso , Bing Jueming , Liao Chwenhaw , Yuen Alexander K. L. , Fois Chiara A. M. , Valtchev Peter , Proschogo Nicholas , Bremner Stephen P. , Atwater Harry A. , Boyer Cyrille , Maschmeyer Thomas , Ho‐Baillie Anita W. Y. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo reduce the reliance on fossil fuel, H2, as a clean fuel, has attracted substantial research and development activities in recent years. The traditional water splitting approach requires an applied bias of more than 1.5 V and the use of ion‐selective membranes to prevent the formation of a potentially explosive H2–O2 gas mixture, resulting in increased cost and system design complexity. Here, a solar‐driven H2 production process requiring a much lower applied bias of 1.05 V is reported whereby aniline (ANI) is oxidized to polyaniline (PANI) at the anode with a yield of 96% and H2 evolution reaction occurs at the cathode with a faradaic efficiency of 98.6 ± 3.9%. The process has multiple advantages including the elimination of ion‐exchange membrane as PANI is a solid product that also is of substantially higher value than O2. For demonstration, a single junction perovskite solar cell and low‐cost earth abundant CoP catalyst are successfully applied for this process. This process contributes to the advancement of solar‐driven low‐cost H2 generation coupled with co‐production of a high‐value product expediting the transition to a hydrogen economy.
Divergent Reaction of Allenoates: Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyrazoles and N‐Alkylated Hydrazones
Authors: Rajai‐Daryasarei Saideh , Rominger Frank , Reza Bijanzadeh Hamid , Balalaie Saeed 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA strategy for the divergent synthesis of polysubstituted pyrazoles and N‐alkylated hydrazone derivatives through three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes, aryl sulfonyl hydrazides, and allenoates under the mild reaction conditions is described. Both products can be obtained by changing the reaction base.magnified image
Comprehensive management of paranasal sinus fungus balls: A Young‐IFOS consensus statement
Authors: Saibene Alberto Maria , Allevi Fabiana , Calvo‐Henriquez Christian , Dauby Nicolas , Dondossola Daniele , Hervochon Rémi , Lechien Jérome R. , Lobo‐Duro David , Locatello Luca Giovanni , Maniaci Antonino , Mannelli Giuditta , Mayo‐Yáñez Miguel , Maza‐Solano Juan , Radulesco Thomas , Tan Neil , Tincati Camilla , Tucciarone Manuel , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Sowerby Leigh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundParanasal sinus fungus balls (PSFB) are a common form of surgically treatable, noninvasive mycosis. To date, no guidelines have standardized PSFB treatment or management of difficult cases (eg, immunocompromised or fragile patients). The clinical consensus statement presented herein aims to provide a comprehensive management guide to PSFB based on current evidence.MethodsA multidisciplinary, international panel of 19 specialists judged statements in 3 rounds of a modified Delphi method survey. Statements encompassed the following PSFB management issues: definition, diagnostic workup; treatment indications and modalities; and follow‐up. Otolaryngologists, maxillofacial surgeons, infectious disease specialists, and transplant physicians were considered the target audience.ResultsAmong the 23 statements, 7 reached strong consensus and 16 reached consensus. Consensus was reached on the definition, diagnosis, and treatment modalities for PSFB. Postoperative follow‐up modalities and scenarios with bacterial superinfection were the most debated issues.ConclusionUntil further data are available, these points provide a framework for the management of PSFB. Moreover, PSFB should be considered a noninvasive mycosis that is not necessarily symptomatic or related to odontogenic conditions. Although diagnosis may be incidental, endoscopy and single imaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, with distinctive features) are required for diagnosis, whereas contrast medium would allow for differential diagnosis. Although treatment of PSFB should be considered mandatory before sinus augmentation and is recommended for symptomatic patients, immunosuppressed patients, or patients with planned immunosuppression, watchful waiting could be considered for asymptomatic patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who are provided with appropriate advice and assessment.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent social restrictions on ambulance calls for suicidal and nonsuicidal self‐harm: a population‐based study in Osaka prefecture, Japan
Authors: Nakao Shunichiro , Katayama Yusuke , Tanaka Kenta , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Hirose Tomoya , Tachino Jotaro , Iwami Taku , Shimazu Takeshi , Oda Jun , Matsuoka Tetsuya 
Published: September 2022

AimSelf‐harm is a common ambulance call and is potentially affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of ambulance transport due to self‐harm increased in 2020.MethodsWe undertook a population‐based observational study using a database from the Osaka prefectural government. Ambulance transport of patients due to self‐harm from 2016 through 2020 was investigated. We estimated adjusted incidence rate ratios using a Poisson regression model to compare the annual incidence rates of ambulance transport in 2017–2020 with those in 2016. We also provided age‐stratified analysis.ResultsWe analyzed 13,648 patients. There was no difference in the incidence of ambulance transport due to self‐harm in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 compared with 2016. In the age group of 20–29 years, despite no difference in 2017–2019 compared with 2016, we found a 13.8% increase in the incidence of ambulance transport due to self‐harm in 2020 (adjusted incidence rate ratio, 1.138; 95% confidence interval, 1.025–1.265).ConclusionsAlthough there was no difference in the incidence of ambulance transport due to self‐harm in 2017–2019, that in 2020 increased in the age group of 20–29 years.
Core‐Shell ZnO@Microporous Organic Polymer Nanospheres as Enhanced Piezo‐Triboelectric Energy Harvesting Materials
Authors: Kang Chang Wan , Lee Dong‐Min , Park Jina , Bang Sohee , Kim Sang‐Woo , Son Seung Uk 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCore‐shell nanospheres were prepared by the homogeneous coating of piezoelectric ZnO nanorod aggregates with triboelectric microporous organic polymer (MOP). The small energy harvesting performance of ZnO@MOP was significantly enhanced, compared with those of ZnO and MOP, due to the piezoelectrification‐induced polarization of inner ZnO and the enhanced generation of tribopositive charges of MOP. Piezo‐triboelectric nanogenerators (PTENGs) fabricated with ZnO@MOP showed peak‐to‐peak voltages of up to 534 V and a maximum power density of 1.19 mW cm−2. In addition, the PTENGs showed excellent durability for 30 000 cycles, demonstrating as efficient power sources for charging electrolytic capacitors and for operating 200 green light emitting diode bulbs.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Dynamic Kinetic [4+2] Cycloaddition of Allene‐1,3‐Dienes
Authors: Han Yulin , Qin Anni , Zhang Qian , Zhang Xue , Qian Hui , Ma Shengming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRh‐catalyzed dynamic kinetic intramolecular [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3‐disubstituted allene‐1,3‐dienes afforded cis‐fused [4.3.0]bicyclic products with an excellent chemo‐, diastereo‐, and enantio‐selectivity. Many synthetically useful functional groups are tolerated. The synthetic utility has been demonstrated. Based on the careful experimental studies, a mechanism involving the rapid racemization of the allene moiety in the starting materials has been proposed.
Lip service: Histological phenotypes correlate with diet and feeding ecology in herbivorous pacus
Authors: Cohen Karly E. , Lucanus Oliver , Summers Adam P. , Kolmann Matthew A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractComplex prey processing requires the repositioning of food between the teeth, as modulated by a soft tissue appendage like a tongue or lips. In this study, we trace the evolution of lips and ligaments, which are used during prey capture and prey processing in an herbivorous group of fishes. Pacus (Serrasalmidae) are Neotropical freshwater fishes that feed on leaves, fruits, and seeds. These prey are hard or tough, require high forces to fracture, contain abrasive or caustic elements, or deform considerably before failure. Pacus are gape‐limited and do not have the pharyngeal jaws many bony fishes use to dismantle and/or transport prey. Despite their gape limitation, pacus feed on prey larger than their mouths, relying on robust teeth and a hypertrophied lower lip for manipulation and breakdown of food. We used histology to compare the lip morphology across 14 species of pacus and piranhas to better understand this soft tissue. We found that frugivorous pacus have larger, more complex lips which are innervated and folded at their surface, while grazing species have callused, mucus‐covered lips. Unlike mammalian lips or tongues, pacu lips lack any intrinsic skeletal or smooth muscle. This implies that pacu lips lack dexterity; however, we found a novel connection to the primordial ligament which suggests that the lips are actuated by the jaw adductors. We propose that pacus combine hydraulic repositioning of prey inside the buccal cavity with direct oral manipulation, the latter using a combination of a morphologically heterodont dentition and compliant lips for reorienting food.
Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen zu Zwangkräften aus Temperaturdifferenzen
Authors: Walsemann Clara , Albert Andrej , Mark Peter 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFür eine sichere und wirtschaftliche Bemessung von zwangbeanspruchten Stahlbetonbauteilen ist eine realistische Abschätzung der Zwangkraft von großer Bedeutung. Frühere Arbeiten legen nahe, dass hierbei unterschieden werden sollte, ob Betonschwinden oder eine Temperaturdifferenz die Ursache der Zwangbeanspruchung darstellt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Untersuchungen beschrieben, bei denen beidseitig gehaltene Stahlbetonstäbe unter gleichförmigen Temperaturdifferenzen von bis zu 70 K experimentell untersucht wurden. Die sich einstellende Rissbildung sowie dazu korrespondierende Kräfte werden herausgearbeitet, mit Ergebnissen aus numerischen Simulationsrechnungen verglichen und dabei erweitert um die Variation von Längsbewehrungsgrad, Betonzugfestigkeit und Behinderungsgrad. Die deutlichen Unterschiede des Tragverhaltens gegenüber Bauteilen, die Zwang infolge von Schwinden ausgesetzt sind, werden bestätigt. Zudem zeigt sich, dass das abgeschlossene Rissbild des jeweiligen Bauteils bereits bei deutlich geringeren Dehnungen als 0,8 ‰ erreicht werden kann. Das übliche Vorgehen bei einer kombinierten Beanspruchung aus Last und Zwang, bei dem die Bemessung für beide Beanspruchungsarten getrennt erfolgt und dann der größere der beiden ermittelten Bewehrungsquerschnitte vorgesehen wird, kann z. T. deutlich auf der unsicheren Seite liegen.
Genetic ancestry, differential gene expression, and survival in pediatric B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Barragan Freddy A. , Mills Lauren J. , Raduski Andrew R. , Marcotte Erin L. , Grinde Kelsey E. , Spector Logan G. , Williams Lindsay A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBlack children have lower incidence yet worse survival than White and Latinx children with B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). It is unclear how reported race/ethnicity (RRE) is associated with death in B‐ALL after accounting for differentially expressed genes associated with genetic ancestry.MethodsUsing Phase 1 and 2 NCI TARGET B‐ALL cases (N = 273; RRE‐Black = 21, RRE‐White = 162, RRE‐Latinx = 69, RRE‐Other = 9, RRE‐Unknown = 12), we estimated proportions of African (AFR), European (EUR), and Amerindian (AMR) genetic ancestry. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between ancestry and death while adjusting for RRE and clinical measures. We identified genes associated with genetic ancestry and adjusted for them in RRE and death associations.ResultsGenetic ancestry varied within RRE (RRE‐Black, AFR proportion: Mean: 78.5%, Range: 38.2%–93.6%; RRE‐White, EUR proportion: Mean: 94%, Range: 1.6%–99.9%; RRE‐Latinx, AMR proportion: Mean: 52.0%, Range: 1.2%–98.7%). We identified 10, 1, and 6 differentially expressed genes (padjusted <0.05) associated with AFR, AMR, and EUR ancestry proportion, respectively. We found AMR and AFR ancestry were statistically significantly associated with death (AMR each 10% HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.17, AFR each 10% increase HR: 1.03, 95% CI:1.01–1.19). RRE differences in the risk of death were larger in magnitude upon adjustment for genes associated with genetic ancestry for RRE‐Black, but not RRE‐Latinx children (RRE‐Black HR: 3.35, 95% CI: 1.31, 8.53; RRE‐Latinx HR: 1.47, 0.88–2.45).ConclusionsOur work highlights B‐ALL survival differences by RRE after adjusting for ancestry differentially expressed genes suggesting other factors impacting survival are important.
Evaluation of different scoring systems for spinal metastases based on a Chinese cohort
Authors: Li Zhehuang , Guo Liangyu , Guo Bairu , Zhang Peng , Wang Jiaqiang , Wang Xin , Yao Weitao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionsThe spine is one of the most common sites of metastasis for malignancies. This study aimed to compare the predictive performance of seven commonly used prognostic scoring systems for surgically treated spine metastases. It is expected to assist surgeons in selecting appropriate scoring systems to support clinical decision‐making and better inform patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study involving 268 surgically treated patients with spine metastases between 2017 and 2020 at a single regional oncology center in China. The revised Tokuhashi, Tomita, modified Bauer, revised Katagiri, van der Linden, Skeletal Oncology Research Group (SORG) nomogram, and SORG machine‐learning (ML) scoring systems were externally validated. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate sensitivity and specificity at different postoperative time points. The actual survival time was compared with the reference survival time provided in the original publication.ResultsIn the present study, the median survival was 16.6 months. The SORG ML scoring system demonstrated the highest accuracy in predicting 90‐day (AUC: 0.743) and 1‐year survival (AUC: 0.787). The revised Katagiri demonstrated the highest accuracy (AUC: 0.761) in predicting 180‐day survival. The revised Katagiri demonstrated the highest accuracy (AUC: 0.779) in predicting 2‐year survival. Based on this series, the actual life expectancy was underestimated compared with the original reference survival time.ConclusionsNone of the scoring systems can perform optimally at all time points and for all pathology types, and the reference survival times provided in the original study need to be updated. A cautious awareness of the underestimation by these models is of paramount importance in relation to current patients.
Pemigatinib in previously treated Chinese patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma carryingFGFR2fusions or rearrangements: A phaseIIstudy
Authors: Shi Guo‐Ming , Huang Xiao‐Yong , Wen Tian‐Fu , Song Tian‐Qiang , Kuang Ming , Mou Hai‐Bo , Bao Le‐Qun , Zhao Hai‐Tao , Zhao Hong , Feng Xie‐Lin , Zhang Bi‐Xiang , Peng Tao , Zhang Yu‐Bao , Li Xiang‐Cheng , Yu Hong‐Sheng , Cao Yu , Liu Lian‐Xin , Zhang Ti , Wang Wei‐Lin , Ran Jiang‐Hua , Liu Ying‐Bin , Gong Wei , Chen Ming‐Xia , Cao Lian , Luo Yang , Wang Yan , Zhou Hui , Yang Guo‐Huan , Fan Jia , Zhou Jian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the antitumor activity and safety of pemigatinib in previously treated Chinese patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusions or rearrangements.BackgroundPemigatinib provided clinical benefits for previously treated patients with cholangiocarcinoma carryingFGFR2fusions or rearrangements and was approved for this indication in multiple countries.MethodsIn this ongoing, multicenter, single‐arm, phase II study, adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic cholangiocarcinoma carrying centrally confirmedFGFR2fusions or rearrangements who had progressed on ≥1 systemic therapy received 13.5 mg oral pemigatinib once daily (3‐week cycle; 2 weeks on, 1 week off) until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or consent withdrawal. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by an independent radiology review committee.ResultsAs of January 29, 2021, 31 patients were enrolled. The median follow‐up was 5.1 months (range, 1.5–9.3). Among 30 patients withFGFR2fusions or rearrangements evaluated for efficacy, 15 patients achieved partial response (ORR, 50.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 31.3–68.7); 15 achieved stable disease, contributing to a disease control rate of 100% (95% CI, 88.4–100). The median time to response was 1.4 months (95% CI, 1.3–1.4), the median duration of response was not reached, and the median progression‐free survival was 6.3 months (95% CI, 4.9–not estimable [NE]). Eight (25.8%) of 31 patients had ≥grade 3 treatment‐emergent adverse events. Hyperphosphatemia, hypophosphatasemia, nail toxicities, and ocular disorders were mostly <grade 3, except for 2 events ≥grade 3.ConclusionsThe encouraging antitumor activity and favorable safety profile support the use of pemigatinib as a treatment in previously treated Chinese patients with cholangiocarcinoma andFGFR2rearrangements.
Antiglycation potential of plant based TiO2 nanoparticle in D‐ribose glycated BSA in vitro
Authors: Alenazi Fahaad , Saleem Mohd , Syed Khaja Azharuddin Sajid , Zafar Mubashir , Alharbi Mohammed Salem , Al Hagbani Turki , Khan Mohd Yasir , Ahmad Waseem , Ahmad Saheem 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiosynthetic procedure is one of the best alternatives, inexpensive and ecologically sound for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles using a methanolic extract of medicinal plant. The main prospect of this study was to investigate the antiglycation activity of the TiO2 nanoparticles (TNP) prepared by ethanolic leaf extract of the Coleus scutellarioides. In this study, biosynthesized TNP characterized with UV‐Visible spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. These TNP were further investigated with respect to their antiglycation property and it was checked in the mixture of d‐ribose glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) by measuring ketoamine, carbonyl content, Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and aggregation of protein instigated by glycation process. The inhibitory effect of TNP to restore the structure of BSA in presence of d‐ribose were also characterize by biophysical techniques mentioned above. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest repurposing of TNP for its antiglycation property that could be helpful in prevention of glycation instigated AGEs formation and structural loss of proteins.
Integrated Ni and Li‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials for High Voltage Cycling in Rechargeable Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jayamkondan Yuvashri , Adelhelm Philipp , Kumar Nayak Prasant 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough the Ni‐rich oxide cathodes possess a high specific capacity above 180 mAh g−1, they suffer from capacity fading upon cycling to above 4.3 V due to their high surface reactivity with the electrolyte, structural layered to rock‐salt phase transformation and development of micro‐cracks. Herewith, the Ni‐rich oxide is integrated with those of Li and Mn‐rich oxides and their electrochemical performance is evaluated in Li half‐cells: LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622), 0.5LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 ⋅ 0.5Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 (NL5050), and 0.25 LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 ⋅ 0.75 Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 (NL2575). Interestingly, the resultant integrated 0.5LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 ⋅ 0.5Li1.2Ni0.16Mn0.56Co0.08O2 (NL5050) cathode with an equal molar concentration of Ni and Li‐rich oxides exhibits a specific capacity of about 190 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 83 % after 100 cycles at 0.1 C rate. On the other hand, the Ni‐rich oxide alone although exhibits an initial high specific capacity of 200 mAh g−1, it suffers from a low capacity retention of only 35 % after 100 cycles. Thus, this study clearly indicates the benefits of higher cycling stability that results from the integration of Ni‐rich and Li‐rich oxide cathodes. Hence, the current work promotes the high voltage cycling of oxides through the optimization of integrated oxide cathodes, which can provide high capacity and long cycle‐life for Li‐ion batteries.