bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STATIN USE AND THE INCIDENCE OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Eshtiaghi Arshia , Popovic Marko M. , Sothivannan Amirthan , Muni Rajeev H. , Kertes Peter J. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) shares many of the same risk factors with atherosclerosis. There is a postulated role of lipid-lowering agents in preventing AMD. This meta-analysis investigates the possible role of statins in the prevention of AMD onset and progression.

Methods:
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and the reference lists of included studies were systematically searched from inception to September 2020. Studies were included if they measured the risk of AMD development or progression with statin use. The primary outcomes assessed were AMD incidence and progression. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of early AMD, late AMD, choroidal neovascularization, and geographic atrophy.

Results:
Twenty-one articles (1 randomized control trial and 20 observational studies) collectively reporting on 1,460,989 participants were included. The pooled risk ratios (95% confidence interval) for statin use on any, early, and late AMD incidence were 1.05 (0.85–1.29) (P = 0.44), 0.99 (0.88–1.11) (P = 0.86), and 1.15 (0.90–1.47) (P = 0.27), respectively. In patients with existing AMD, the respective risk ratios for statin use on incidence of AMD progression, choroidal neovascularization, and geographic atrophy were 1.04 (0.70–1.53) (P = 0.85), 0.99 (0.66–1.48) (P = 0.95), and 0.84 (0.58–1.22) (P = 0.36).

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis found that there was no significant difference in the incidence or progression of AMD based on statin use.
Intraocular Suture Technique for Flapless Two-Point Fixation of Four Fenestrated Haptics Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Zhang Yingxu , Zheng Jinbiao , Liu Jiahui 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To describe a flapless technique for two-point fixation of intraocular lens (IOL) with four fenestrated haptics.

Methods:
A transconjunctival puncture of 1-mL syringe needle was used to guide the suture needle out of the eye. The suture was taken out of the eye through the corneal incision, passed through the pair of fenestrated haptics of the IOL and then securely tied with overhand knots. The folded IOL was implanted into the posterior chamber. The anchor knots were created by both ends of the thread approximately 4 mm to 5 mm apart from the transconjunctival puncture and was intrasclerally buried.

Results:
The technique was used in 18 eyes (18 patients). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 17.22 ± 8.82 months. The IOLs of all the eyes remained well positioned and stable at the final follow-up. The visual acuities of all the eyes were improved postoperatively. No suture loosening, suture erosion, hypotony, scleral atrophy, chronic inflammation, retinal tears, and/or detachments were observed in any of the patients.

Conclusion:
The present technique provides minimal trauma and reliable stability for the two-point transscleral fixation of four fenestrated haptics IOL.
Strategies Employed by Forensic Community Mental Health Nurses to Resolve Difficulties in Supporting Offenders With Mental Disorders Under the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in Japan
Authors: Okuda Jun , Endo Yoshimi 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study aimed to identify the strategies used by forensic community mental health nurses to resolve difficulties in supporting offenders with mental disorders under the Medical Treatment and Supervision Act in Japan.

Method
Interviews were conducted with 13 nurses, and the data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results
The study identified the strategies for difficulties in (a) assessing and managing risk potential of forensic service patients, (b) addressing offending behavior, (c) managing the transition of patients, (d) supporting patients to understand the impact of justice processes and applying knowledge of legislation to nursing, and (e) promoting the role of forensic community mental health nurses within the multidisciplinary team.

Conclusions
The findings can benefit and support forensic community mental health nurses' practices. The Japanese forensic community mental health nurses experiencing difficulties and providing home visits to patients can utilize the identified strategies.
Early vascular healing after implantation of the polymer-free biolimus-eluting stent or the ultrathin strut biodegradable polymer sirolimus-eluting stent in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Hansen Kirstine N. , Maeng Michael , Antonsen Lisbeth , Maehara Akiko , Jakobsen Lars , Ellert Julia , Terkelsen Christian J. , Ahlehoff Ole , Thim Troels , Fallesen Christian O. , Noori Manijeh , Veien Karsten T. , Jensen Lisette O. , Christiansen Evald H. 
Published: January 2022

Objective
To evaluate the difference in early vascular healing between the ultrathin-strut biodegradable-polymer sirolimus-eluting Orsiro stent (O-SES) and the polymer-free biolimus-A9-eluting BioFreedom stent (BF-BES), assessed with optical coherence tomography (OCT) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMIs).

Methods
Eighty patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI were randomly allocated 1:1 to treatment with BF-BES or O-SES. OCT was acquired after PCI and at 1-month follow-up. The primary endpoint was 1-month OCT-assessed vascular healing index based on the presence of uncovered and malapposed stent struts and intraluminal filling defects where low vascular healing index indicated favorable vascular healing.

Results
At 1-month, the vascular healing index was similar in O-SES 11.5 [interquartile range (IQR) 9.5–17.5], compared to BF-BES 11.5 (IQR 7.1–12.5; P = 0.14). Percentage of uncovered struts [O-SES 31.5% (IQR 20.7–41.9), P = 0.43] vs. BF-BES 27.8% (IQR 19.4–41.9; P = 0.44), and median volume of neointimal hyperplasia [O-SES 4.9 mm3 (IQR 1.4–13.1) vs. BF-BES 7.1 mm3 (IQR 2.8–17.0), P = 0.18] did not differ significantly between the two stent groups. Complete coverage was not observed in any of the stents. The percentages of stents with malapposition did not differ significantly (O-SES 87.1% vs. BF-BES 71.4%, P = 0.14) whereas percentage of malapposed struts [O-SES 3.5% (IQR 0.8–5.5) vs. BF-BES 0.8% (IQR 0.0–1.8), P = 0.003] was lower in the BF-BES group.

Conclusion
In patients with STEMI, the drug-coated BF-BES and the thin strut O-SES had similar vascular healing index at 1-month. However, the thin O-SES struts were more often malapposed.
Gamma-knife radiosurgery for headache relief in a patient with pituitary metastasis
Authors: Peker Halil Olgun , Seker Askin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Pituitary metastasis is infrequent and has no pathognomonic symptoms. Surgical exploration is usually needed to establish the diagnosis and implement the appropriate therapy. Given that most affected patients are diagnosed in end-stage primary disease, the main aim of treatment for pituitary metastasis is to relieve symptoms. We report a case of pituitary metastasis in which gamma-knife radiosurgery (GRS) relieved headache pain that persisted after surgery for pituitary metastasis.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old man presented with severe headache.

Diagnosis:
Cranial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a pituitary mass invading the internal carotid artery and cavernous sinus.

Interventions:
All medical therapy for headache treatment failed. The patient underwent surgical resection via endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery but the tumor could only be partially resected because it adhered to vital structures. Postoperatively, headache persisted despite all attempted medical treatments. We performed GRS with the aim of resolving the severe headache.

Outcomes:
Ten days after GRS, the patient's headache had completely resolved.

Lesson:
Surgical decompression may not resolve headache in patients with pituitary metastasis. In such cases, it is important to recognize that GRS may provide rapid relief or resolution, as well as better quality of life, even though survival time may be limited.
Midshaft clavicle fracture with hypertrophy of the fractured end
Authors: Lin Shaobai , Mei Runhong , Jiang Lang , Zhong Duming , Zhang Guangquan , Yu Xuefeng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Midshaft clavicle fractures are common fractures, but clavicle fractures with hypertrophy of the fractured end are rare. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports describing this peculiar form of fracture.

Patient concerns:
A 68-year-old woman was admitted to the orthopedic department for treatment of left shoulder joint swelling and pain with limited mobility for 1 day duration She had a history of falls and an old left distal radius fracture, but no history of left shoulder joint swelling, pain, and limited mobility.

Diagnosis:
1. Midshaft fracture of the left clavicle 2. Motor neuron injury 3. Multilevel cervical intervertebral disc herniation. 4. Brain atrophy 5. Old left distal radius fracture.

Interventions:
Surgical treatment was performed after detailed preoperative evaluation. During surgery, the clavicle fracture was anatomically reduced under direct vision (unusually, the fracture end was displaced during intraoperative fluoroscopy). After fracture reduction, one eight-hole locking plate was fixed with three locking screws at each end of the fracture. After the surgery, the patient was instructed to perform rehabilitation training.

Outcomes:
The sutures were removed on the 12th postoperative day, and the incision wound healing was good. Follow-up at one month after surgery revealed no swelling or pain at the left clavicle fracture site and both active and passive ranges of motion of the left shoulder joint were good.

Conclusion:
For clavicle fractures with hypertrophy of the fractured ends in the elderly, after excluding pathological fractures caused by tumors, satisfactory results can be obtained as long as strong internal fixation is achieved. In the midshaft clavicle fracture with hypertrophy of the fractured end, whether to achieve the reduction criteria under direct vision or intraoperative fluoroscopy imaging should be determined on the basis of the patient's actual condition. Motor neuron injury may promote the healing of clavicle fractures due to restricted motor function that promotes fracture healing.
Long‐Term Follow‐up and Predictors of Complicated Disease Behavior in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Patients
Authors: Kori Michal , Avidan Maya , Topf‐Olivestone Chani 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTObjective:Identifying predictors of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) outcome in order to optimize individual patient management in has become an important goal. We aimed to describe the long‐term outcome of pediatric Crohn disease (CD) patients and identify risk factors for complicated behavior.Methods:Pediatric CD patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2014, with long‐term follow‐up were included. Baseline data; age, gender, weight/height/BMI percentiles, and family history of IBD. Disease characteristics (Paris classification), laboratory testing, imaging and treatment were documented. Outcome data; evidence of stricturing or penetrating disease, hospitalizations, surgical intervention, malignancies, and mortality.Results:Of 93 patients included, mean age at diagnosis 13.5 (±3.2), 51 (55%) male, median follow‐up 10.3 years (±4 SD(. Disease location at diagnosis: 29 (31.2%) distal ileum, 17 (18.3%) colonic, 40 (43.0%) ileo‐colonic. Seven (7.5%) had upper gastrointestinal and 36 (38.7%) perianal involvement. Behavior at diagnosis, 68 (73.1%) inflammatory (B1), and 25 (26.9%) complicated [(B2 (stricturing) and/or B3 (penetrating)]. Twenty (23.2%) of B1 evolved to B2 and/or B3, thus by the end of follow‐up 45 (48.4%) had complicated behavior. Sixty‐seven (72%) were hospitalized, 20 (21.5%) underwent surgery, two developed malignancy with no mortalities. In a logistic regression model, growth delay (hazard ratio [HR], 5.02 [1.10–22.85], P = 0.037) and low albumin levels (HR, 3.97 [1.32–11.97], P = 0.014) at diagnosis were predictors of complicated disease in adulthood.Conclusions:Over a quarter of pediatric Crohn disease patients present with complicated behavior. During follow‐up another quarter progress to complicated disease behavior. Delayed growth and low albumin at diagnosis predict progression.
Frequent Quantitation of Circulating Tumor Cells Predictive of Real-Time Therapy Response
Authors: Lim Christine M. , Shi Junli , Vo Jess , Phyo Wai Min , Hu Min , Tan Min Chin , Tee Augustine , Yap Yoon Sim , Nei Wenlong , Chan Daniel , Wong Seng Weng , Neo Meusia , Binte Mohammad Mazian Norhidayah , Ying Jackie Y. , Tan Min-Han , Liang Kaicheng , Mong Jamie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrecision medicine is playing an increasingly important role in cancer management and treatment. Specifically in the field of oncology, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) hold significant promise in enabling non-invasive prognostication and near real-time monitoring to individualize treatments. In this study, we present strong associations between CTC subtype counts with treatment response and tumor staging in lung, nasopharyngeal and breast cancers. Longitudinal analysis of CTC count changes over short-time windows further reveals the ability to predict treatment response close to real-time. Our findings demonstrate the suitability of CTCs as a definitive blood-based metric for continuous treatment monitoring. Robust processing of high-throughput image data, explainable classification of CTC subtypes and accurate quantification were achieved using an in-house image analysis system ‘CTC-Quant’, which showed excellent agreement with expert opinion upon extensive validation.
Does choice of athletic footwear affect musculoskeletal injury risk in US Coast Guard recruits? A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fraser John J. , Pommier Ryan , MacGregor Andrew J , Silder Amy , Sander Todd C. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTContextMusculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are ubiquitous during initial entry military training, with overuse injuries in the lower extremities the most frequent. A common mechanism for overuse injuries is running, an activity that is an integral part of United States Coast Guard (USCG) training and a requirement for graduation.ObjectiveAssess the effects of athletic footwear choice on lower quarter MSKI risk in USCG recruits.DesignDescriptive Epidemiological StudySettingUSCG Training Center, Cape May, NJParticipantsA retrospective cohort study was performed in which 1229 recruits (1038 males, 191 females) were allowed to self-select athletic footwear during training. A group of 2876 recruits (2260 males, 616 females) who trained under a policy that required obligatory wear of prescribed athletic shoes served as a control.Main Outcome MeasuresDemographic data and physical performance were derived from administrative records. Injury data were abstracted from a medical tracking database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess group, age, sex, height, body mass, and run times on MSKI outcomes.ResultsAnkle-foot, leg, knee and lumbopelvic-hip complex diagnoses were ubiquitous in both groups (experimental: 20.37 to 29.34 per 1000 recruits; control: 18.08 to 25.59 per 1000 recruits). Group was not a significant factor for any of the injuries assessed. Sex was a significant factor in all injury types, with female recruits demonstrating ∼2.00 greater odds of experiencing running-related injuries (RRIs), overuse injuries, or any MSKI in general. When considering ankle-foot or bone stress injuries, the risk in female recruits was 3.73 to 4.11 greater odds than their male counterparts. Run time was a significant predictor in RRI, all overuse injuries, and for any MSKI in general.ConclusionWhile footwear choice did not influence MSKI risk in USCG recruits, female sex was a primary, nonmodifiable intrinsic risk factor.Key PointsSelf-selection of athletic footwear was not a significant factor for MSKI in USCG recruits, despite widespread reports of discomfort and perceived deleterious effects of wear.MSKI continues to be a major source of morbidity in the recruit training population, with female sex found to be a robust and significant factor regardless of footwear choice.While there is no indication that prescribed athletic footwear is associated with MSKI, policymakers should factor in individual preference when considering the mandate for wear.
Locations of burr holes are associated with recurrence after single burr hole drainage surgery for chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Hashimoto Hiroaki , Maruo Tomoyuki , Kimoto Yuki , Nakamura Masami , Fujinaga Takahiro , Ushio Yukitaka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to reveal the relation between chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) recurrence and locations of CSDH and burr holes.MethodsInitial single burr hole surgeries for CSDH with a drainage tube between April 2005 and October 2021 at Otemae Hospital were enrolled. Patients’ medical records, CSDH volume, and CSDH computed tomography values (CTV) were evaluated. The locations of CSDH and burr holes were assessed using Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates.ResultsWe enrolled 223 patients (bilateral CSDH in 34 patients), and 257 surgeries were investigated. Rate of CSDH recurrence requiring reoperation (RrR) was 13.5%. RrR rate was significantly higher in patients aged ≥76 years, bilateral CSDH, and postoperative hemiplegia. In RrR, preoperative CSDH volume was significantly larger, and CTV was significantly smaller. Locations of CSDH had no influence on recurrence. However, in RrR, locations of burr holes were more lateral and more ventral. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that bilateral CSDH, more ventral burr hole positions, and postoperative hemiplegia were risk factors for recurrence.ConclusionsLocations of burr holes related to recurrence. In RrR, CSDH profiles had larger volume and less CTV. Hemiplegia after burr hole surgery is a warning sign for RrR.
Virtually the same? Evaluating the effectiveness of remote undergraduate research experiences
Authors: Hess Riley A. , Erickson Olivia A. , Cole Rebecca B. , Isaacs Jared M. , Alvarez-Clare Silvia , Arnold Jonathan , Augustus-Wallace Allison , Ayoob Joseph C. , Berkowitz Alan , Branchaw Janet , Burgio Kevin R. , Cannon Charles H. , Ceballos Ruben Michael , Cohen C. Sarah , Coller Hilary , Disney Jane , Doze Van A. , Eggers Margaret J. , Ferguson Edwin L. , Gray Jeffrey J. , Greenberg Jean T. , Hoffmann Alexander , Jensen-Ryan Danielle , Kao Robert M. , Keene Alex C. , Kowalko Johanna E. , Lopez Steven A. , Mathis Camille , Minkara Mona , Murren Courtney J. , Ondrechen Mary Jo , Ordoñez Patricia , Osano Anne , Padilla-Crespo Elizabeth , Palchoudhury Soubantika , Qin Hong , Ramírez-Lugo Juan , Reithel Jennifer , Shaw Colin A. , Smith Amber , Smith Rosemary J. , Tsien Fern , Dolan Erin L. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTIn-person undergraduate research experiences (UREs) promote students’ integration into careers in life science research. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic prompted institutions hosting summer URE programs to offer them remotely, raising questions about whether undergraduates who participate in remote research can experience scientific integration. To address this, we investigated indicators of scientific integration for students who participated in remote life science URE programs in summer 2020. We found that these students experienced gains in their scientific self-efficacy and scientific identity similar to results reported for in-person UREs. We also found that these students perceived high benefits and low costs of doing research at the outset of their programs, and their perceptions did not change despite the remote circumstances. Yet, their perceptions differed by program, indicating that programs differentially affected students’ perceptions of the costs of doing research. Finally, we observed that students with prior research experience made greater gains in self-efficacy and identity, as well as in their perceptions of the alignment of their values with those of the scientific community, in comparison to students with no prior research experience. This finding suggests that additional programming may be needed for undergraduates with no prior experience to benefit from remote research.
Structure-function-dynamics relationships in the peculiar Planktothrix PCC7805 OCP1: impact of his-tagging and carotenoid type
Authors: Wilson Adjélé , Andreeva Elena A. , Nizinski Stanislaw J. , Talbot Léa , Hartmann Elisabeth , Schlichting Ilme , Burdzinski Gotard , Sliwa Michel , Kirilovsky Diana , Colletier Jacques-Philippe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe orange carotenoid protein (OCP) is a photoactive protein involved in cyanobacterial photoprotection. Here, we report on the functional, spectral and structural characteristics of the peculiar Planktothrix PCC7805 OCP (Plankto-OCP). We show that this OCP variant is characterized by higher photoactivation and recovery rates, and a stronger energy-quenching activity, compared to other OCP studied thus far. We characterize the effect of the functionalizing carotenoid and of his-tagging on these reactions, and identify the time scales on which these modifications affect photoactivation. The presence of a his-tag at the C-terminus has a large influence on photoactivation, thermal recovery and PBS-fluorescence quenching, and likewise for the nature of the carotenoid that additionally affects the yield and characteristics of excited states and the ns-s dynamics of photoactivated OCP. By solving the structures of Plankto-OCP in the ECN- and CAN-functionalized states, each in two closely-related crystal forms, we further unveil the molecular breathing motions that animate Plankto-OCP at the monomer and dimer levels. We finally discuss the structural changes that could explain the peculiar properties of Plankto-OCP.HighlightsComplete functional characterization of Synechocystis and Planktothrix OCPHitherto unknown structures of ECN- and CAN-functionalized Planktothrix OCPInsights into fs-s timescale photodynamics of ECN- and CAN-functionalized Synechocystis and Planktothrix OCP
Improving cassava bacterial blight resistance by editing the epigenome
Authors: Veley Kira M. , Elliott Kiona , Jensen Greg , Zhong Zhenhui , Feng Suhua , Yoder Marisa , Gilbert Kerrigan B. , Berry Jeffrey C. , Lin Zuh-Jyh Daniel , Ghoshal Basudev , Gallego-Bartolomé Javier , Norton Joanna , Motomura-Wages Sharon , Carrington James C. , Jacobsen Steven E. , Bart Rebecca S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPathogens rely on expression of host susceptibility (S) genes to promote infection and disease. As DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that affects gene expression, blocking access to S genes through targeted methylation could increase disease resistance.Xanthomonas phaseolipv.manihotis, the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight (CBB), uses transcription activator-like20 (TAL20) to induce expression of the S geneMeSWEET10a. In this work, we direct methylation to the TAL20 effector binding element within theMeSWEET10apromoter using a synthetic zinc-finger DNA binding domain fused to a component of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway. We demonstrate that this methylation prevents TAL20 binding, blocks transcriptional activation ofMeSWEET10a in vivoand that these plants display decreased CBB symptoms while maintaining normal growth and development. This work therefore presents an epigenome editing approach useful for crop improvement.