bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancasila Sebagai Dasar dan Ideologi Bangsa (Pentingnya Rumusan Butir-Butir Pancasila Sebagai Dasar Pendidikan Moral dan Pemersatu Keberagaman Bangsa Indonesia)
Authors: Sari Nia Yunia 
Published: February 2022

Eksistensi suatu bangsa dapat dilihat dari sejauhmana bangsa tersebut mampu menunjukkan kemajuan peradaban. Berkembangnya suatu bangsa adalah peradaban yang juga berkembang sebagai produk yang didalamnya terdapat masyarakat berbudaya, bermoral dan memiliki pola fikir yang baik. Setiap bangsa pasti memiliki keberagaman budaya,adat istiadat, bahasa, kepercayaan dan lain-lain. Akan tetapi, Setiap bangsa juga pasti memiliki dasar yang menjadi pedoman dalam pelaksanaan nilai-nilai kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Suatu bangsa dapat dikatakan kuat apabila dasar dan pedoman yang dimiliki teraplikasi dengan baik untuk merangkul keberagaman dan perbedaan yang ada sehingga setiap keberagaman dan perbedaan yang ada menjadi warna indah dalam perkembangan bangsa. Salah satu dasar dan ideologi bangsa Indonesi adalah pancasila. Sebagai ideologi suatu bangsa tentu pancasila menjadi pandangan dan pegangan hidup masyarakat Indonesia. Butir-butir yang terkandung dalam pancasila memiliki nilai-nilai aturan bermasyarakat, berbangsa, bernegara,berketuhanan, keberagaman, dan nilai norma Meskipun dewasa ini bangsa Indonesia dihadapkan pada uforia persoalan dan permasalahan yang memanas.
PERBEDAAN INFORMASI CITRA DIAGNOSTIK ANTARA SEKUEN T2 TSE STIR DAN T2 TSE DIXON PADA PEMERIKSAAN MRI LUMBAL POTONGAN SAGITAL DENGAN KASUS RADICULOPATHY
Authors: Fisnandya Meita Astari  , Rasyid  , Fatimah  
Published: February 2022

Backgroud: T2 Weighted Image Turbo Spin Echo Short Tau Inversion Recovery (T2 TSE STIR) is a sequence to get the image pathologic which can reveal of tissue along surrounding pathology with fat suppresion technique. T2 Weighted Image Turbo Spin Echo Dixon is a sequence to get the image pathologic whic can reveal of tissue along surrounding pathology with fat and water suppresion technique. Based on observations at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Hospital, in the examination of MRI Lumbal using T2 TSE sequence with Dixon fat suppresion technique, while according to The American College of Radiology (2012), using STIR fat suppresion technique. The purpose of this research was to know the difference of information diagnostic image that is produced between T2 TSE STIR and T2 TSE Dixon sequences on the examination of MRI lumbal sagittal slice with Radiculopathy case.
Methods: This research of type is experiment. The study was conducted with a 1,5 Tesla MRI at Installation Radiology of General Hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. The research took from of the 22 images of MRI lumbal sagittal slice from T2 TSE STIR and T2 TSE Dixon sequences with Radiculopathy cases. Assesment of the image was done by two respondents and Kappa test was conducted. Furthermore, the results of respondents assessment was analyzed by Wilcoxon different test.
Results: The results showed that the research result Ho rejected and Ha accepted which mean there is a differences of information diagnostic image between T2 TSE STIR and T2 TSE Dixon sequences on the examination of MRI lumbal sagittal slices with Radiculopathy case with p value = 0,001 (p <0,05).
Conclusion: T2 Sequence TSE Dixon can produce MRI images with more specific and homogeneous fat suppresion, thus providing more informative diagnostic information than T2 TSE STIR sequences.
PENGUKURAN LAJU PAPARAN RADIASI DAN EFEKTIVITAS DINDING SERTA PERISAI RADIASI RUANG PANORAMIK
Authors: Haekal Ilmi  , Dwi Rochmayanti  
Published: February 2022

Background : The panoramic room at Radiological Installation in Sunan Kalijaga Hospital has a room divider in the form of radiation shield with a thickness of 7.5 cm which is visible only in the form of plywood and unknown thickness of lead in it, ideally radiation shield has a thickness equivalent to 2 mm of lead, but the barrier it’s not. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of the exposure rate and the effectiveness of walls and shields in the room.
Methods :The method of this research is quantitative, data collected by observing, survey and also documentation. Measurement of the exposure rate is measured at the time of exposure through walls and shields while measuring effectiveness is measured at the time before and after exposure through walls and shields. In order to drawing the conclusion, the data obtained then compared with the Perka No. 8 of 2011 to declare about the room safe or not. At the rate of exposure the limit is 1 mSv / year for the general public and 20 mSv for radiation workers, whereas the effectiveness should not exceed the 5% tolerance.
Results : The result of this research reveal that the measurement results of the rate of radiation exposure in the panoramic chamber has an average of 0.0538 mSv/year and is declared safe as it meets the standards. Effectiveness at some points has a tolerance value exceeding the limit, ie 50% door, 16,667% room divider, and 69,766% glasspok, while on the right wall 1.389% and the rear wall 0% both have tolerance values below the limit.
Conclusion : Based on these results indicate that the overall measurement of radiation exposure is below the maximum limit. The average value is 0.0538 mSv/year
PENGUKURAN LAJU PAPARAN RADIASI PADA RUANG PEMERIKSAAN MSCT 64 SLICE
Authors: Elisa Fitriani  , Gatot Murti Wibowo  
Published: February 2022

Background:Radiation exposure rate measurements have been done on the MSCT 64 Slices examination room radiology section Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital due to lack of repeat measurement after replacement of examination door. This study aims to determine the rate of radiation exposure and radiation safety in the examination room for workers and public refers to the NCRP report no. 147 about stuctural shielding design for medical x-ray imaging facilities.
Methods: This type of research is quantitative research with survey approach. This research was conducted in March 2018. Data collection was done by observation, documentation, and measure the radiation exposure in measurement points some places, which are controlled and uncontrolled areas. Data analysis was done descriptively by comparing data with NCRP report no.147.
Results:The measurement results of the rate of radiation exposure, point A and B shows the leakage of radiation exposure. While the point of C, D, E no leakage of radiation.
Conclusions: The value of background radiation exposure in the MSCT 64 Slices examination room radiology section Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital exceeds the dose rate base on the height of the location according to UNSCEAR. Leakage of radiation exposure occuring at point A is woorkes door and point B front door MSCT 64 Slices examination room not safe for workes and public because it exceeds the limit of radiation exposure rate value which allowed
ANALISA PERBEDAAN INFORMASI DIAGNOSTIK CT SCAN KEPALA PADA KASUS STROKE ISKEMIK DENGAN PILIHAN KOMBINASI SLICE THICKNESS DAN INTERVAL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Dwi Yan Mami , Ardiyanto Jeffri , Sulaksono Nanang 
Published: February 2022

Background: Stroke is a diseas that has a high mortality rate as the third most common disease that causes death in the world. To diagnose the location and type stroke, a neuro imaging examination is need, which is by examining the CT Scan of the head. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in diagnostic information on CT scan of the head in cases of ischemic stroke with a choice combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 mm interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction, and to find out which combination is the most optimal in producing diagnostic information in cases of ischemic stroke.
Methods: This type of research is quantitative research with experimental approach. The study was conducted at Telogorejo Hospital Semarang. The sampel in this study were 10 patients with expertise results of ischemic stroke. The resultan data was 10 head scan radiographs with ischemic stroke and each radiograph is reformatted with combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction. Assesment of diagnostic information data was done by 3 respondents. before data analysis, first kappa test was done to three respondents and then tested wilcoxon.
Result :The result of this research is the difference of diagnostic information between combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 mm interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction. A combination of 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction with mean rank 21.00 is the most optimal combination for head scan with ischemic stroke cases
VARIASI PENGGUNAAN REKONTRUSI ALGORITMA FBP, iDose4 DAN ITERATIVE MODEL RECONTRUCTION (IMR) TERHADAP KUALITAS CITRA MCST THORAK LOW DOSE UNTUK MENDETEKSI NODUL PARU
Authors: Anikmah Siti , Kartikasari Yeti , Kurniawati Ary 
Published: February 2022

Background: Pulmonary nodules are often found accidentally when thorax imaging is done. The size and rate of nodule growth are the most important predictors of imaging for malignancy. When the low dose protocol applied to the thorax MSCT will affect image quality, such as increased noise and decreased spatial resolution, so that the detection of nodules becomes less accurate. For noise limitation the reconstruction of the FBP, iDose4 and IMR algorithm is used. The purpose of this literature study is to evaluate variations in the FBP, iDose4 and IMR algorithm in improving image quality.
Methods: This method is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach using comprehensive literatures studies
Results: The result show that noise reduction is highest at IMR and lowest at FBP. The highest number of detected nodules on IMR especially for solid nodules < 4 mm and the lowest on FBP. Pathological findings with the best quality on IMR and quality are limited to FBP. Visibility of normal and abnormal findings, iDose4 is better than IMR and FBP especially for reticular patterns. Effective doses are reduced by 44 % to 59 % based on this literature study. In clinical practice, IMR shows the potential for pathological recovery at low dose level and IMR can improved measured image quality based on noise, high contrast spatial resolution and low contrast detectability.
Conclusion: So IMR is the most effective algorithm applied for scanning low dose MSCT thorax for detection of pulmonary nodules.
PROSEDUR PEMERIKSAAN RADIOGRAFI CLAVICULA DENGAN KLINIS FRAKTUR DI RSUD RAA SOEWONDO PATI
Authors: Affan Haqqi Mohamad , Sulaksono Nanang 
Published: February 2022

Background: Clavicula examination procedure with clinical fractures in radiology installation RAA Soewondo Pati Hospital was using only Antero Posterior (AP) projection. The purpose of this research is to know the clavicle examination procedure with clinical fractures and find out the reasons for using Antero Posterior (AP) projections.
Methods: Type of this research is qualitative research with approach case studies. Data were collected by observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. This research took place in the radiology installation of RAA Soewondo Pati Hospital. Data analysis was carried out with interactive model three steps, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation.
Results: The results showed the clavicula examination procedure with clinical fractures in radiology installation RAA Soewondo Pati Hospital was using Antero Posterior (AP) projection.
Conclusions: The reason for using this projections is because this projections have provided diagnostic anatomy information and its enough to make a the diagnosis. But to show costae 1 and 2 and clavicle appear more clear and not superposition each other should use AP Axial projections.
PERANAN HEART RATE TERHADAP KUALITAS CITRA PENGGUNAAN “COVID-19” WINDOW UNTUK PEMERIKSAAN CT-SCAN THORAX POLOS PADA PASIEN SUSPEK COVID-19
Authors: Mayasari Anisa 
Published: February 2022

Background: Non-contrast chest CT-Scan is one of the COVID-19 screening methods. At Panti Waluyo hospital of Surakarta, Non-contrast chest CT-Scan did not use the HRCT technique, low-dose technique, Lung Window, and Mediastinum Window, but used a standard-dose technique and “COVID-19” window.
Methods: The research was conducted at Panti Waluyo hospital of Surakarta, scanning process using GE Brightspeed 8 Slices CT-Scan. The position of the patient is supine feet first, the midline is at the midsagittal plane and axillary line, the scanning process begins with a vertical and horizontal scout photo, scanning area from Thoracal 1st to lumbar 3rd, using a helical scan, and “COVID-19” window with 120 kV, 100 mA, 0.8 s, 5 mm slice thickness, FoV 34 cm, gantry tilt 0 °, reconstruction 1.25 mm, pitch 1.35: 1, window width 1600, and window level -250.
Results: The expertise of Radiologists indicates bilateral pneumonia (typical COVID-19). The "COVID-19" window presents GGO and clarifies the difference between GGO and lung consolidation. It shows the contour of the heart and part of the liver, without adding another window. So, it can increase the effectiveness of time and radiological film.
Conclusions: For non-contrast chest CT-scan in patients with suspected COVID-19, it is better to use the “COVID-19” window than the lung or mediastinal window.
PERANAN ADAPTIVE ITERATIVE DOSE REDUCTION 3D (AIDR 3D) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS CITRA MSCT ABDOMEN
Authors: Ainiyah Nur , Wijokongko Sigit , Sulaksono Nanang 
Published: February 2022

Background: Abdominal MSCT has better sensitivity and specificity, however its radiation exposure is high. Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction (AIDR) 3D is an iterative reconstruction technology on Toshiba which produces a better image quality by reducing noise and streak artifacts in low dose. Based on author’s observation, abdominal MSCT performed at the hospital uses a standard routine abdominal MSCT protocol without adjusting the level of AIDR 3D. AIDR 3D has several strength level allowing an optimal image quality. This study was aimed to explain the role of AIDR 3D in improving the image quality and radiation dose of abdominal MSCT.
Methods: This research method is descriptive with the literature study approach, by collecting articles from ProQuest, Google Scholar, PubMed, SpringerLink, and ScienceDirect about the role of AIDR 3D on abdominal MSCT published 2013-2020. The articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. So there were 4 relevant journals which were then analyzed by making a journal summary, evaluating, giving opinions so that conclusions and suggestions can be drawn.
Result: The results showed that AIDR 3D can improve the image quality of abdominal MSCT by reducing noise, artifacts and increasing CNR, SNR, image sharpness. Noise reduction and CNR increase, the most prominent SNR is found in AIDR 3D Strong, followed by Standard and Mild. AIDR 3D can reduce radiation doses better without reducing image quality
Conclusion: AIDR 3D can improve image quality on abdominal MSCT and the use of integrated AIDR 3D SUREExposore 3D can reduce radiation doses better without reducing image quality. Reduction of radiation dose between 23% to 76%.
ANALISA PERBEDAAN INFORMASI DIAGNOSTIK CT SCAN KEPALA PADA KASUS STROKE ISKEMIK DENGAN PILIHAN KOMBINASI SLICE THICKNESS DAN INTERVAL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Dwi Yan Mami , Sulaksono Nanang , Ardiyanto Jeffri 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background: Stroke is a diseas that has a high mortality rate as the third most common disease that causes death in the world. To diagnose the location and type stroke, a neuro imaging examination is need, which is by examining the CT Scan of the head. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in diagnostic information on CT scan of the head in cases of ischemic stroke with a choice combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 mm interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction, and to find out which combination is the most optimal in producing diagnostic information in cases of ischemic stroke.
Methods: This type of research is quantitative research with experimental approach. The study was conducted at Telogorejo Hospital Semarang. The sampel in this study were 10 patients with expertise results of ischemic stroke. The resultan data was 10 head scan radiographs with ischemic stroke and each radiograph is reformatted with combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction. Assesment of diagnostic information data was done by 3 respondents. before data analysis, first kappa test was done to three respondents and then tested wilcoxon.
Result :The result of this research is the difference of diagnostic information between combination of 3 mm slice thickness with 1.5 mm interval reconstruction and 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction. A combination of 2 mm slice thickness with 1 mm interval reconstruction with mean rank 21.00 is the most optimal combination for head scan with ischemic stroke cases.
Thiamin (B1) and Its Application in Patients with Critical Condition
Authors: Lubis Bastian , Amelia Putri , Lelo Aznan , Akil Muhammad , Viandy Vincent 
Published: February 2022

Thiamin is an essential water-soluble nutrient that is naturally available in some foods and available as a supplement. This nutrient plays a vital role in metabolism, cell growth and development. The recommended daily intake of thiamin for adults is around 1.1–1.2 mg/day. Several studies have described that thiamin deficiency is commonly seen in critically ill patients, mainly sepsis. Thiamin deficiency reduces pyruvate access to the Krebs cycle, therefore, increases the production of lactate. The administration of thiamin in critically ill patients has been linked to better outcomes and depletion of mortality rate.
Well‐Controlled Living Polymerization of N‐Propargylamides and Their Derivatives by Rhodium Catalysis
Authors: Ito Kosuke , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi , Nishimura Tatsuya , Maeda Katsuhiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA substantially improved method for living polymerization of N‐propargylamides and their derivatives has been developed. Rhodium(I) complexes bearing an aryl‐substituted 1,3,5‐hexatriene chain can work as excellent initiators of the polymerization of such non‐conjugated terminal alkynes to give the corresponding cis‐stereoregular polymers having a narrow molecular weight distribution. The typical living nature has been confirmed by investigating the effects of initial feed ratios of the monomer to the initiator on the molecular weight of the resulting polymers as well as multistage polymerization. Moreover, we demonstrated that the present method enables functionalization of both polymer chain ends and synthesis of novel block copolymers consisting of poly(N‐propargylamide) and poly(phenylacetylene) blocks with a narrow molecular weight distribution.
Electrode–Electrolyte Interfacial Chemistry Modulation for Ultra‐High Rate Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tang Zheng , Wang Hong , Wu Peng‐Fei , Zhou Si‐Yu , Huang Yuan‐Cheng , Zhang Rui , Sun Dan , Tang You‐Gen , Wang Hai‐Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries capable of operating at rate and temperature extremes are highly desirable, but elusive due to the dynamics and thermodynamics limitations. Herein, a strategy of electrode–electrolyte interfacial chemistry modulation is proposed. The commercial hard carbon demonstrates superior rate performance with 212 mAh g−1at an ultra‐high current density of 5 A g−1in the electrolyte with weak ion solvation/desolvation, which is much higher than those in common electrolytes (nearly no capacity in carbonate‐based electrolytes). Even at −20 °C, a high capacity of 175 mAh g−1(74 % of its room‐temperature capacity) can be maintained at 2 A g−1. Such an electrode retains 90 % of its initial capacity after 1000 cycles. As proven, weak ion solvation/desolvation of tetrahydrofuran greatly facilitates fast‐ion diffusion at the SEI/electrolyte interface and homogeneous SEI with well‐distributed NaF and organic components ensures fast Na+diffusion through the SEI layer and a stable interface.
Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Methane to Methanol in Aqueous Medium over Copper Cations Promoted by Atomically Dispersed Rhodium on TiO2
Authors: Gu Fubo , Qin Xuetao , Li Mengwei , Xu Yao , Hong Song , Ouyang Mengyao , Giannakakis Georgios , Cao Sufeng , Peng Mi , Xie Jinling , Wang Meng , Han Dongmei , Xiao Dequan , Wang Xiayan , Wang Zhihua , Ma Ding 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDirect conversion of methane into value‐added chemicals, such as methanol under mild conditions, is a promising route for industrial applications. In this work, atomically dispersed Rh on TiO2 suspended in an aqueous solution was used for the oxidation of methane to methanol. Promoted by copper cations (as co‐catalyst) in solution, the catalysts exhibited high activity and selectivity for the production of methanol using molecular oxygen with the presence of carbon monoxide at 150 °C with a reaction pressure of 31 bar. Millimole level yields of methanol were reached with the selectivity higher than 99 % using the Rh/TiO2 catalysts with the promotion of the copper cation. CO was the reductive agent to generate H2 from H2O, which led to the formation of H2O2 through the reaction of H2 and O2. Atomically dispersed Rh activated the C−H bond in CH4 and catalyzed the oxidation using H2O2. Copper cations maintained the low‐valence state of Rh. Moreover, copper acted as a scavenger for suppressing the overoxidation, thus leading to the high selectivity of methanol.
Morphology and morphometry of pharyngeal bone and teeth in cyprinid species from the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Jawad Laith A. , Agha Gashaw F. , Abdullah Shamall M. A. , Aguilar Glenn , Qasim Audai M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe morphology of pharyngeal bones and teeth was determined on seven cyprinid species caught from the Greater Zab River, a tributary of Tigris River, located in the northern part of Iraq in the Kurdistan Region. Eleven morphological characters of the pharyngeal bone and teeth were identified, measured and compared from photographs of the 152 individual species collected. The relationship between pharyngeal bone total length and four‐dimensional measurements of the pharyngeal bone were determined using linear regression and multivariate analysis. Results show bone characteristics of the studied species are distinctly different in terms of shape, tooth number, tooth formulae and dimensions of the pharyngeal bones. Regression analysis shows positive coefficients of TL with all parameters PL, DL, PW and DP while multivariate linear discriminate analysis shows distinct groupings of each species using non‐dimensional measurements of the bone characters. The measurements gathered and application of biometric relationships to ease the identification of the cyprinid species contributes to the morphological information on cyprinid species in a data deficient region of the world. This work provides a new set of morphological characters of the pharyngeal bone and teeth of the seven cyprinid species from Northern Mesopotamia that may enable their separation from the members of their cyprinid genera.