bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural health monitoring of 52-meter wind turbine blade: Detection of damage propagation during fatigue testing
Authors: Fremmelev Mads A. , Ladpli Purim , Orlowitz Esben , Bernhammer Lars O. , McGugan Malcolm , Branner Kim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This work is concerned with damage detection in a commercial 52-meter wind turbine blade during fatigue testing. Different artificial damages are introduced in the blade in the form of laminate cracks. The lengths of the damages are increased manually, and they all eventually propagate and develop into delaminations during fatigue loading. Strain gauges, acoustic emission sensors, distributed accelerometers, and an active vibration monitoring system are used to track different physical responses in healthy and damaged states of the blade. Based on the recorded data, opportunities and limitations of the different sensing systems for blade structural health monitoring are investigated.
From Belief Polarization to Echo Chambers: A Rationalizing Account
Authors: Begby Endre 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBelief polarization (BP) is widely seen to threaten havoc on our shared political lives. It is often assumed that BP is the product of epistemically irrational behaviors at the individual level. After distinguishing between BP as it occurs in intra-group and inter-group settings, this paper argues that neither process necessarily reflects individual epistemic irrationality. It is true that these processes can work in tandem to produce so-called “echo chambers.” But while echo chambers are often problematic from the point of view of collective rationality, it doesn't follow that individuals are doing anything wrong, epistemically speaking, in seeking them out. In non-ideal socio-epistemic contexts, echo chamber construction might provide one's best defense against systematic misinformation and deception.
Derbforgaill: twelfth-century abductee, patron and wife
Authors: Hoireabhárd Seán Ó 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the themes of abduction, patronage, female wealth and marital relationships through their intersection in the life of Derbforgaill (d. 1193), whose abduction in 1152 sparked a chain of events that contributed to the English invasion of Ireland. Derbforgaill is also remembered for her donations to Mellifont in 1157, during the consecration of its ‘church of the monks’, and to the construction of a nuns’ church in Clonmacnoise in 1167. Focusing on the broader political context of these donations offers strong grounds for reconsideration of both Derbforgaill's and other women's experiences. Among the wider implications of this study must be the reconceptualisation of female political importance as functional through or in concert with marriage partners, rather than the natal family.
Towards a ‘world-wide empire of the Gael’: nationalism, identity, and the Hibernian Australasian Catholic Benefit Society, 1912–22
Authors: Mannion Patrick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the early twentieth century, Irish ethnic, benevolent and mutual benefit associations around the world became part of the transnational fight for Irish freedom, utilising large, widespread memberships to raise funds and lobby for Irish independence. In Australia and New Zealand the largest such group was the Hibernian Australasian Catholic Benefit Society (H.A.C.B.S.), which boasted some 41,000 members spread across almost 600 branches in 1920. The society's engagement with the home rule movement and the subsequent Irish Revolution provides a fascinating example of how the expansive spatial and intergenerational networks of Irish-Catholic benevolent associations were mobilised in full support of Irish self-determination, particularly after 1919. Members of the H.A.C.B.S. in Australia had to negotiate complex and sometimes competing identities and loyalties: to Ireland, Australia and the British Empire, and the evolution of these tensions reflects the variety and complexity of global Irish nationalism. Reflecting patterns observed elsewhere, within a context of increasing sectarian tensions, labour militancy and broad Catholic disillusionment with their political and economic place in Australasian society, the H.A.C.B.S. moved from devout imperial loyalty in 1916 to total support for a fully independent Irish republic by 1922.
Belonging in the Land and the Law: A Reading of Joseph David on Nahmanides’s Territorial Exegesis - Reviewed: Kinship, Law and Politics: An Anatomy of Belonging. By Joseph E. David. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020. Pp. 156. $110.00 (cloth); $88.00 (digital). ISBN: 9781108499682.
Authors: Caputo Nina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractJoseph E. David’s Kinship, Law and Politics: An Anatomy of Belonging provides an erudite demonstration of how an analytical approach that directs attention to negotiations of belonging in exegetical and legal thinking can yield crucial insight into how social boundaries are defined and defended in throughout human history in a broad array of contexts. Among the examples he brings to illustrate premodern efforts to delineate belonging is Nahmanides’s interpretation of territory based commandments. David shows that Nahmanides made the radical claim that the covenant was firmly linked to the land, so that any people inhabiting the land were obliged to follow it, and complete compliance with divine law could be achieved only in the Land of Israel. This essay examines David’s discussion of Nahmanides’s interpretation of law in the Land of Israel and considers the implications of extending an analysis of conceptions of belonging into other corners of Nahmanides’s career as a commentator, community leader, and teacher.
Leader–follower interpersonal behaviors, emotional regulation and LMX quality
Authors: Ayoko Oluremi B. , Tan Pao P. , Li Yiqiong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate how a leader's perception of a follower's behaviours may impact the follower's perception of a leader's behaviours which in turn may relate to a leader's rating of the LMX quality. Multilevel multisource data were collected from 315 leader–member dyads in 27 military teams. At the dyadic level, a leader's perception of a follower was related to the follower's assessment of a leader's behaviours, which in turn, was positively related to how the leader rated their LMX quality. Finally, the leaders' emotional reappraisal moderated the link between a follower's perception of the leader's behaviours and leader rated LMX quality. LMX research continues to interrogate the role of the follower in the leader–follower process. The study sheds further light on how followers contribute to the leadership process.
Contested Territories in the Short Twentieth Century: Sarah Wambaugh (1882–1955), Plebiscites, and Gender
Authors: Wernitznig Dagmar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article deals with Sarah Wambaugh’s life and work concerning global territorial questions of border disputes and nationalities as well as minorities issues. Trained at Radcliffe College in the disciplines of international law and political science, Wambaugh engineered a somewhat unprecedented career for herself in diplomatic circles after the First World War, achieving a worldwide reputation as the foremost expert on plebiscites, especially in areas of post-war conflicts. By looking at three case studies, this contribution particularly emphasizes Wambaugh’s role as an extra-governmental analyst of these referenda at the intersections of gender and universal suffrage. Within the context of geographic demarcations, aspects of citizenship, national belonging or affiliation, and minority rights, palpably, were paramount. While integrating these parameters into her theoretical discourses, Wambaugh went a step further by also adding the element of the franchise for women as an imperative coefficient regarding the drawing of borderlines. Hence, the female voting corpus – in most cases of quantitative significance during the aftermaths of wars, due to the substantial decimation of the male population on battle fields – attained a pertinent part in referenda-based rights to self-determination, and Wambaugh paid credit to this fact in her activism and writings.
A search for annihilating dark matter in 47 Tucanae and Omega Centauri
Authors: Staveley-Smith Lister , Bond Emma , Bekki Kenji , Westmeier Tobias 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A plausible formation scenario for the Galactic globular clusters 47 Tucanae (47 Tuc) and Omega Centauri

$(\omega$

Cen) is that they are tidally stripped remnants of dwarf galaxies, in which case they are likely to have retained a fraction of their dark matter cores. In this study, we have used the ultra-wide band receiver on the Parkes telescope (Murriyang) to place upper limits on the annihilation rate of exotic Light Dark Matter particles

$(\chi)$

via the

$\chi\chi\rightarrow e^+e^-$

channel using measurements of the recombination rate of positronium (Ps). This is an extension of a technique previously used to search for Ps in the Galactic Centre. However, by stacking of spectral data at multiple line frequencies, we have been able to improve sensitivity. Our measurements have resulted in

$3-\sigma$

flux density (recombination rate) upper limits of 1.7 mJy

$\left(1.4\times 10^{43}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}\right)$

and 0.8 mJy

$\left(1.1 \times 10^{43} \mathrm{s}^{-1}\right)$

for 47 Tuc and

$\omega$

Cen, respectively. Within the Parkes beam at the cluster distances, which varies from 10–23 pc depending on the frequency of the recombination line, and for an assumed annihilation cross-section

$\langle\sigma v\rangle = 3\times 10^{-29} \mathrm{cm}^3\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$

, we calculate upper limits to the dark matter mass and rms dark matter density of

${\lesssim} 1.2-1.3\times 10^5 f_n^{-0.5}$

$\left(m_\chi/\mathrm{MeV\, c}^{-2}\right)$

$\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$

and

${\lesssim} 48-54 f_n^{-0.5}$

$\left(m_\chi/\mathrm{MeV\, c}^{-2}\right)$

$\mathrm{M}_{\odot} \mathrm{pc}^{-3}$

for the clusters, where

$f_n=R_n/R_p$

is the ratio of Ps recombination transitions to annihilations, estimated to be

${\sim}0.01$

. The radio limits for

$\omega$

Cen suggest that, for a fiducial dark/luminous mass ratio of

${\sim}0.05$

, any contribution from Light Dark Matter is small unless

$\langle\sigma v\rangle < 7.9\times 10^{-28}\ \left(m_\chi/\mathrm{MeV\, c}^{-2}\right)^2 \mathrm{cm}^3 \mathrm{s}^{-1}$

. Owing to the compactness and proximity of the clusters, archival 511-keV measurements suggest even tighter limits than permitted by CMB anisotropies,

$\langle\sigma v\rangle < 8.6\times 10^{-31}\ (m_\chi/\mathrm{MeV\, c}^{-2})^2 \mathrm{cm}^3 \mathrm{s}^{-1}$

. Due to the very low synchrotron radiation background, our recombination rate limits substantially improve on previous radio limits for the Milky Way.
Eight new records of marine fishes (Teleostei: Perciformes and Tetraodontiformes) from the Philippines
Authors: Gumanao Girley S. , Gumanao Kristine Joy S. , Bos Arthur R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThirty-one individuals of seven Perciform and one Tetraodontiform fish species were reported from the Davao Gulf constituting new records for the Philippines: from the Labridae, Bodianus leucosticticus (9 individuals) and Bodianus masudai (3); Nemipteridae, Parascolopsis melanophrys (2); Priacanthidae, Pristigenys meyeri (2); Serranidae, Odontanthias chrysostictus (6), Odontanthias randalli (5) and Liopropoma latifasciatum (3); Monacanthidae, Thamnaconus multilineatus (1). Large range extensions were found for P. melanophrys, O. chrysostictus, O. randalli and T. multilineatus. The individuals of P. melanophrys are the third and fourth ever-reported individuals of this extremely rare dwarf monocle bream. A new maximum SL of 126 mm was reported for O. chrysostictus. We also encountered one individual of the rare wrasse Bodianus rubrisos recently observed at a more northern location. The current observations extend our knowledge of marine fishes in the Philippines and the unusually high marine biodiversity in this region. As all recorded species are considered inhabitants of mesophotic coral ecosystems, these observations also confirm that fishing pressure has increased in these deeper habitats.
A Climatology of Merged Daytime Planetary Boundary Layer Height Over China From Radiosonde Measurements
Authors: Zhang Jian , Guo Jianping , Li Jian , Zhang Shaodong , Tong Bing , Shao Jia , Li Haiyan , Zhang Yehui , Cao Lijuan , Zhai Panmao , Xu Xiaofeng , Wang Minghuai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe planetary boundary layer is crucial for the turbulence mixing and exchange of heat flux, momentum, and atmospheric pollutants between the atmosphere and Earth's surface. Nevertheless, the estimated boundary layer height (BLH) varies greatly by data sources and algorithms. This paper seeks to characterize the convective BLHs from 1‐s radiosonde measurements of China Radiosonde Network (CRN) for the 2012–2020 period at 1400 Beijing time, by using eight well‐known algorithms, wherein the newly established Thorpe method is theoretically fundamental on turbulence analysis and is in remarkable agreement with the parcel and bulk Richardson number methods. BLHs obtained by eight methods, ranging from 1.2 to 2.5 km, strongly vary with methods based on different kinetic or thermodynamic theories. The significant offsets among methods motivate the present study to propose a merged algorithm, to minimize the spread of BLH estimate. The merged BLH contains more physical information than that retrieved from a single method and can significantly lower the uncertainty. The BLH climatology exhibits a spatial pattern of “Southwest‐High Southeast‐Low,” ascending from 0.6 km over southeastern China to 2.3 km over southwestern China, which could be largely attributed to the variations in the integrated surface sensible heat flux, soil moisture, total cloud cover, land cover, synoptic forcing, and terrain‐induced flow. Of interest is that land surface properties could be the major driver for the development of CBL. Also noteworthy is that the smallest BLH is expected under the strongest synoptic forcing condition.
Multifactorial Principal‐Monotonicity Inference for Macro‐Scale Distributed Hydrologic Modeling
Authors: Cheng Guanhui , Huang Guohe (Gordon) , Dong Cong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMacro‐scale distributed hydrologic modeling advanced hydro‐system understandings and scientized relevant human activities. However, it faces challenges of hydrometeorological heterogeneities, parametric interactions, data uncertainty, computational expensiveness, and other complexities, especially over cold regions with intense climatic changes. As an effort to address them, a multifactorial principal‐monotonicity inference (MFPMI) method is developed through integrating, extending, or improving climate classification, hydrologic modeling, and sensitivity analysis. MFPMI is applied to an undammed macro‐scale high‐latitude cold‐region watershed, Athabasca River Basin (ARB) in Canada. MFPMI mitigates the underestimation of climatic impacts on streamflows in process‐based models, hydrologic classification, large‐scale hydroclimatic data deconstruction, parametric‐interaction neglection, and climatic homogenization; its superiority is particularly evident for highly heterogeneous climates. Dominant climatic impacts on ARB streamflows of various regimes increase from tributaries to the mainstem and decrease from up‐ through down‐ to mid‐stream catchments, possibly due to the offset effects of non‐climatic factors (e.g., vegetation and soil). The impacts also decline with streamflow magnitudes, and vary with seasons, spatial scales and lead months rather than temporal resolutions. Streamflow magnitudes, catchments and metrics differ compositions of the climate conditions explaining cross‐scale uppermost discharge variations. In spite of this, streamflow increases with temperature and precipitation, and headwater climates play part of dominant roles in forcing discharges throughout ARB. Accuracy metrics differentiate parameters and accordingly structures of MFPMI models, and hydroclimatic data uncertainty is high for high flows, fine temporal scales or low climatic impacts, increasing uncertainty in hydrologic simulations and climatic‐impact estimates. This study helps advance modeling and understandings of macro‐scale cold‐region hydrology.
Groundwater Flow Rate Prediction From Geo‐Electrical Features Using Support Vector Machines
Authors: Kouadio Kouao Laurent , Kouame Loukou Nicolas , Drissa Coulibaly , Mi Binbin , Kouamelan Kouamelan Serge , Gnoleba Serge Pacôme Déguine , Zhang Hongyu , Xia Jianghai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnsuccessful drillings are issues in groundwater exploration using electrical resistivity profiling (ERP) and vertical electrical sounding (VES). Many geophysical companies spend a lot of money without obtaining the flow rate (FR) required during the campaigns for drinking water supply (CDWS). To solve this problem, we applied the support vector machines (SVMs) to real‐world data to predict the FRs before any drilling operations. First, from the ERP and VES, the features such as shape, type, power, magnitude, pseudo‐fracturing index, and ohmic‐area were defined including the geology of the survey area. Second, the FRs were categorized into four classes (dry: FR0 (FR = 0), unsustainable: FR1 (0 < FR ≤ 1), and productive boreholes: FR2 (1 < FR ≤ 3) and FR3 (FR > 3 m3/hr)) and associated with the features to compose two separated data sets: a multiclass data set () for common prediction during the CDWS and a binary data set (FR < FR2, FR ≥ FR2) addressed to the population living in a rural area. Features were vectorized and data were transformed before feeding to the SVM algorithms. As a result, the SVM models performed 77% of good predictions on and 83% on . Better performances with the optimal hyper‐parameters in (81.61%) and (87.36%) were achieved using the polynomial and radial basis function kernels respectively. Furthermore, the learning curves have shown that the performance scores on can be improved if larger training data becomes available (275 test samples at least) while it is not necessarily so for . As a benefit, the proposed approach could minimize the rate of unsuccessful drillings during future CDWS.
Reconstruction of Violent Tornado Environments in Europe: High‐Resolution Dynamical Downscaling of ERA5
Authors: Pilguj Natalia , Taszarek Mateusz , Kryza Maciej , Brooks Harold E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractApproximately 1–3 violent tornadoes hit Europe each decade. We use the ERA5 reanalysis and WRF model to reconstruct environments for 12 cases between 1957 and 2021. Violent tornadoes in Europe occur in a variety of synoptic and mesoscale patterns, but they share environmental similarities with significant tornadoes from the United States. Downscaling simulations to 3 km grid‐spacing showed the added value of improved resolution in representing local convective environments. In 8 out of 12 simulations, the model indicated updraft helicity (UH) tracks in a favorable convective environment in spatial (+/−50 km) and temporal (+/−3 hr) proximity to the tornado report. Tornadoes were accompanied by a mean 0–6 km wind shear of 24.3 m s−1 and mean convective available potential energy of 1678 J kg−1. The combination of UH tracks with convective environments offers promising results for operational forecasting in Europe, and should be explored in future studies.
Ice‐Marginal Proglacial Lakes Across Greenland: Present Status and a Possible Future
Authors: Carrivick Jonathan L. , How Penelope , Lea James M. , Sutherland Jenna L. , Grimes Michael , Tweed Fiona S. , Cornford Stephen , Quincey Duncan J. , Mallalieu Joseph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIce‐marginal lakes can affect glacier dynamics but are ignored in studies of the evolution of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) and of peripheral mountain glaciers and ice caps (PGICs). Here we show that lakes occupy 10% of the GrIS ice margin and occur on 5% of PGICs. Ice velocity at the GrIS margin is enhanced by ∼ 25% at lakes versus on land. Mean ice discharge into lakes is ∼4.9 Gt.yr, which is ∼1% of ice discharged through marine termini. We locate thousands of subglacial overdeepenings within which 7,404 km2 of future lakes could form, all of which will be ice‐marginal at some time. Future lakes in the west and east will be restricted to the margin of the GrIS and within alpine valleys, respectively. This status and possible future leads us to contend that lakes should be incorporated into projections of Greenland ice loss.
A Travel‐Time Path Calibration Strategy for Back‐Projection of Large Earthquakes and Its Application and Validation Through the Segmented Super‐Shear Rupture Imaging of the 2002 Mw 7.9 Denali Earthquake
Authors: Zeng Hongyu , Wei Shengji , Rosakis Ares 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate the impact of source‐side 3D velocity structure on teleseismic travel‐time in back projection (BP) analysis of large earthquakes. We use travel‐time data of teleseismic events recorded by the Hi‐Net array to reveal how travel‐time errors vary with source location. In a source area of a few hundred km, where travel‐time error varies dominantly linearly, we propose a new interpolation scheme using earthquakes located around the mainshock rupture to calibrate the travel‐time error, and validate it by relocating inland M > 5.0 earthquakes in central Japan. We then apply it to image the rupture of the 2002 Denali earthquake. The calibrated BP result shows that most of the high‐frequency radiators are <15 km away from the surface rupture trace. The new result reveals that the rupture started on the Susitna Glacier Fault with a speed of ∼1.4 km/s, then propagated onto the Denali Fault and accelerated to a super‐shear speed approaching the crustal P‐wave velocity at approximately 30 km. The location of super‐shear transition and rupture speed in BP are highly consistent with that inferred from the timing and amplitude ratio of the super‐shear and trailing Rayleigh pulses observed on the near fault PS‐10 station. Subsequently, the rupture stagnated for ∼15 s before penetrating through the largest asperity, re‐accelerated to a speed of ∼5.2 km/s and continued on the last 60 km of the Denali fault and part of Totschunda Fault. This application shows the great potential of the new BP calibration strategy to refine the rupture imaging of other mega‐earthquakes.
pH- and concentration-dependent supramolecular assembly of a fungal defensin plectasin variant into helical non-amyloid fibrils
Authors: Pohl Christin , Effantin Gregory , Kandiah Eaazhisai , Meier Sebastian , Zeng Guanghong , Streicher Werner , Segura Dorotea Raventos , Mygind Per H. , Sandvang Dorthe , Nielsen Line Anker , Peters Günther H. J. , Schoehn Guy , Mueller-Dieckmann Christoph , Noergaard Allan , Harris Pernille 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSelf-assembly and fibril formation play important roles in protein behaviour. Amyloid fibril formation is well-studied due to its role in neurodegenerative diseases and characterized by refolding of the protein into predominantly β-sheet form. However, much less is known about the assembly of proteins into other types of supramolecular structures. Using cryo-electron microscopy at a resolution of 1.97 Å, we show that a triple-mutant of the anti-microbial peptide plectasin, PPI42, assembles into helical non-amyloid fibrils. The in vitro anti-microbial activity was determined and shown to be enhanced compared to the wildtype. Plectasin contains a cysteine-stabilised α-helix-β-sheet structure, which remains intact upon fibril formation. Two protofilaments form a right-handed protein fibril. The fibril formation is reversible and follows sigmoidal kinetics with a pH- and concentration dependent equilibrium between soluble monomer and protein fibril. This high-resolution structure reveals that α/β proteins can natively assemble into fibrils.