bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of probiotics on postsurgical complications in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Araújo Maísa Miranda , Montalvão-Sousa Thaís Muniz , Teixeira Patrícia da Cruz , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Botelho Patrícia Borges 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextClinical trials have investigated the effect of probiotics on postsurgical complications in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, so far, there are no systematic reviews evaluating the effect of probiotics and synbiotics on the clinical or infectious postsurgical complications of colorectal cancer.ObjectiveThe objective of this review was to synthesize the best available evidence on the effects of the use of probiotics or synbiotics on pre-, peri-, and post-operative complications of CRC surgical resection.Data SourcesA search of the PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases was conducted for clinical trials published up until January 2022.Data ExtractionThe population characteristics, period and protocol of supplementation, and postoperative complications were extracted and reported. A random-effects model was used to estimate the effect of probiotic and synbiotic treatment on these variables.Data SynthesisIn total, 2518 studies were identified, of which 16 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 13 in the meta-analysis. Overall, probiotic supplementation reduced the incidence of ileus (odds ratio [OR] = .13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .02, .78), diarrhea (OR = .32, 95% CI: .15, .69), abdominal collection (OR: .35, 95% CI: .13, .92), sepsis (OR = .41, 95% CI: .22, .80), pneumonia (OR = .39, 95% CI: .19, .83), and surgical site infection (OR = .53, 95% CI: .36, .78). The results of the subgroup analysis indicated that lower dose (&lt;109 colony-forming units), higher duration of supplementation (&gt;14 days), and being administrated ≤5 days before and &gt;10 days after surgery was more effective at reducing the incidence of surgical site infection.ConclusionProbiotics and synbiotics seem to be a promising strategy for the prevention of postoperative complications after CRC surgery. Larger, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the optimal treatment protocol for the use of probiotics and synbiotics in preventing postoperative complications for CRC surgery.
Long-term relatedness and income distribution: understanding the deep roots of inequality
Authors: Vu Trung V 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article explores the role of long-term relatedness between countries, captured by an index of genetic distance, in driving worldwide differences in income inequality. The main hypothesis is that genetic distance gives rise to barriers to the international diffusion of redistributive policies and measures, and institutions, leading to greater income disparities. Using cross-country data, I consistently find that countries that are genetically distant to Denmark—the world frontier of egalitarian income distribution—tend to suffer from higher inequality, ceteris paribus. I also demonstrate that genetic distance is associated with greater bilateral differences in income inequality between countries. Employing data from the European Social Survey, I document that second-generation Europeans descending from countries with greater genetic distance to Denmark are less likely to exhibit positive attitudes towards equality. Further evidence suggests that effective fiscal redistribution is a key mechanism through which genetic distance to Denmark transmits to greater income inequality.
Why do states give refugees the right to work?
Authors: Betts Alexander , Sterck Olivier 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article explains the conditions under which countries allow refugees the right to work in accordance with Articles 17–19 of the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees. It explores variation in both the de jure and de facto rights to work through a mixed-methods approach. Qualitatively, it builds upon research in the East African region, in which there is significant variation in state practice relating to refugees’ socio-economic rights. Quantitatively, it draws upon an original dataset to examine the policies of low- and middle-income countries that host more than 1,000 refugees. Coding for the right to work was supplied by and triangulated across three different refugee organizations with relevant expertise. We argue that the de jure and de facto rights to work are shaped by distinctive actors and mechanisms. De jure rights are determined by pay-offs at the ‘national’ level; de facto rights by pay-offs at the ‘local’ level. While being a signatory of international norms is the most important variable for de jure commitment, the degree of decentralization is the most important variable underlying de facto rights. These findings suggest that promoting refugee norm compliance relies upon creating incentives at both national and local levels.
Association Between Childhood Adversity and Functional Outcomes in People With Psychosis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Christy Angeline , Cavero Daniela , Navajeeva Sujeena , Murray-O’Shea Rachel , Rodriguez Victoria , Aas Monica , Trotta Giulia , Moudiab Socayna , Garrido Nathalia , Zamora Blanca , Sideli Lucia , Wrobel Anna L , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Alameda Luis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and HypothesisDespite the accepted link between childhood adversity (CA) and psychotic disorders, evidence on the relationship between CA and poor functional outcome remains less consistent and has never been reviewed quantitatively. The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the association between CA and functional outcomes in people with psychotic disorders.Study DesignThe study protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42021254201). A search was conducted across EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Libraries (CENTRAL) using search terms related to psychosis; CA (general, sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect); and functional outcomes (social, occupational, and general functioning [GF]). We conducted random-effects models, sensitivity and heterogeneity analyses, meta-regressions, and we assessed quality.Study ResultsOur meta-analysis comprised 35 studies, including 10 568 cases with psychosis. General CA was negatively associated with GF (28 studies; r = −0.109, 95%CI = −0.161 to −0.05, P &lt; .001), with greater effects in prospective data (10 studies; r = −0.151, 95% CI = −0.236 to −0.063, P = .001). General CA was also associated with social functioning (r = −0.062, 95% CI = −0.120 to −0.004, P = .018) but not occupational outcomes. All CA subtypes except sexual abuse were significantly associated with GF, with emotional and physical neglect showing the largest magnitudes of effect (ranging from r = −0.199 to r = −0.250).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis provides evidence for a negative association between general CA, specific subtypes, and general and social functional outcomes in people with psychosis.
Cannabis dosing and administration for sleep: a systematic review
Authors: Velzeboer Rob , Malas Adeeb , Boerkoel Pierre , Cullen Katie , Hawkins Michelle , Roesler Jordanna , Lai Wayne Wei-Ku 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Study objectives
As cannabis is increasingly used to treat sleep disorders, we performed a systematic review to examine the effects of cannabis on sleep and to guide cannabis prescribers in their recommendations to patients, specifically focusing on dosing.

Methods
We searched EMBASE, Medline, and Web of Science and identified 4550 studies for screening. Five hundred sixty-eight studies were selected for full-text review and 31 were included for analysis. Study results were considered positive based on improvements in sleep architecture or subjective sleep quality. Bias in randomized controlled trials was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0.

Results
Sleep improvements were seen in 7 out of 19 randomized studies and in 7 out of 12 uncontrolled trials. There were no significant differences between the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Cannabis showed most promise at improving sleep in patients with pain-related disorders, as compared to those with neurologic, psychiatric, or sleep disorders, and showed no significant effects on healthy participants’ sleep. While subjective improvements in sleep quality were often observed, diagnostic testing showed no improvements in sleep architecture. Adverse events included headaches, sedation, and dizziness, and occurred more frequently at higher doses, though no serious adverse events were observed.

Conclusion
High-quality evidence to support cannabis use for sleep remains limited. Heterogeneity in cannabis types, doses, timing of administration, and sleep outcome measures limit the ability to make specific dosing recommendations.
Neural activation underlying emotional interference of cognitive control in rotating shift workers: moderating effects of the prefrontal cortex response on the association between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms
Authors: Kim Sun-Young , Lee Kyung Hwa , Lee Hayoung , Jeon Jeong Eun , Kim Soohyun , Lee Mi Hyun , Lee Jooyoung , Jeon Sehyun , Oh Seong-Min , Kim Seog Ju , Lee Yu Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
This study investigated the altered neural function involved in emotional interference and its role in linking sleep disturbance and depressive/anxiety symptoms in rotating shift workers.

Methods
Sixty rotating shift workers and 61 controls performed the emotional Stroop task in three blocks (emotional-related, sleep-related, and neutral words) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assessments. Sleep disturbance and depressive/anxiety symptoms were assessed using self-report measures and sleep diaries. Actigraphy was used to assess the sleep and circadian variables. fMRI scans were performed to compare brain activation during the emotional Stroop task. The proposed moderating models were tested using the PROCESS macro in SPSS software.

Results
A significant condition effect on reaction time was detected. Regardless of the group, reaction times were longer in the negative emotional word and sleep-related conditions than in the neutral word condition. Whole-brain analysis revealed that rotating shift workers show greater neural activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared with controls while performing the emotional Stroop task with negative emotional words. Sleep disturbance was more strongly associated with depressive symptoms when activation of the left DLPFC was higher during the emotional Stroop task with negative words.

Conclusions
The left DLPFC may play important roles in increased sensitivity to emotional information, possibly due to circadian misalignment, and has moderating effects on the association between sleep disturbance and depressive symptoms in rotating shift workers. These findings will help to identify possible brain regions where interventions can be performed to correct sleep and mood problems in rotating shift workers.
Investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies among the paediatric population in Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Orey Fartun Abdullahi H , Sodal Ali Mohamed , Mohamoud Jamal Hassan , Garba Bashiru , Mohamed Ifrah Hassan , Adam Mohamed Hussein , Dahie Hassan Abdullahi , Nur Maryan Abdullahi Sh , Dirie Najib Isse 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
We undertook this cross-sectional study to determine the level of circulating anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immunoglobulins (IgM and IgG) in children, as well as to evaluate other potential risk factors.

Methods
Children attending the outpatient department of the SOS and Benadir Hospitals in Mogadishu from 26 July to 8 August 2021 were selected following parental consent. The children (aged &lt;18 y) were screened using the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapid test lateral flow immune-assay kit.

Results
Of the 500 children screened for COVID-19, 32 (6.4%) tested positive, out of which 26 (5.2%) had IgG antibodies, while five (1%) had IgM, with the other child (0.2%) having both circulating IgG and IgM antibodies. Also, 46.9% of the COVID-19–positive children were asymptomatic without any clinical signs of the disease. Children aged &gt;6 y and those attending school were the most affected (p=0.002). The most common clinical features among positive children were fever (22.6%), cough (22.2%), shortness of breath (5.8%) and loss of smell (2.6%) and taste (2.2%). Similarly, not wearing a facemask as a preventive measure was found to be a significant risk factor (p=0.007).

Conclusions
This study shows that children are at risk of contracting COVID-19 infection. Our study also shows evidence of a high rate of IgG antibodies in school-aged children having close contact with infected adults, in those not wearing facemasks, as well as in those with a family history of comorbidities.
A novel chemotherapy strategy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Sun Juxian , Liu Chang , Shi Jie , Wang Nanya , Jiang Dafeng , Mao Feifei , Gu Jingwen , Zhou Liping , Shen Li , Lau Wan Yee , Cheng Shuqun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:
Chemotherapy is a common treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, but the effect is not satisfactory. The study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effects of adding all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) to infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods:
We extracted the data of patients with advanced HCC who underwent systemic chemotherapy using FOLFOX4 or ATRA plus FOLFOX4 at the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, First Hospital of Jilin University, and Zhejiang Sian International Hospital and retrospectively compared for overall survival. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios for overall survival and disease progression after controlling for age, sex, and disease stage.

Results:
From July 2013 to July 2018, 111 patients with HCC were included in this study. The median survival duration was 14.8 months in the ATRA plus FOLFOX4 group and 8.2 months in the FOLFOX4 only group (P < 0.001). The ATRA plus FOLFOX4 group had a significantly longer median time to progression compared with the FOLFOX4 group (3.6 months vs. 1.8 months, P < 0.001). Hazard ratios for overall survival and disease progression were 0.465 (95% confidence interval: 0.298–0.726; P = 0.001) and 0.474 (0.314–0.717; P < 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders, respectively.

Conclusion:
ATRA plus FOLFOX4 significantly improves the overall survival and time to disease progression in patients with advanced HCC.
Analysis of risk factors associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for patients with liver cirrhosis: a multicenter, retrospective, clinical study
Authors: Li Jielin , Hu Jiexuan , Li Peng , Wu Yongdong , Wang Yongjun , Ji Ming , Hua Haiyang , Ran Wenbin , Pan Yanglin , Zhang Shutian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the endoscopic modality of choice for the treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases. However, patients with cirrhosis, particularly those with decompensated cirrhosis, are believed to be at increased risk for complications associated with ERCP. There is a paucity of literature describing the outcomes of ERCP for patients with cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of ERCP for cirrhosis patients, especially adverse events, and evaluated its safety and efficacy.

Methods:
We performed a multicenter, retrospective study of all patients at Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Beijing Youan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and the Fifth Medical Center of the People's Liberation Army General Hospital from June 2003 to August 2019. The adverse events of inpatient ERCP for patients with (n = 182) and without liver cirrhosis (controls; n = 385) were compared.

Results:
A total of 567 patients underwent ERCP between January 2003 and December 2019 were enrolled in this study. Compared to patients without cirrhosis, patients with cirrhosis were at higher risk for postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR], 4.172; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.232–7.031; P < 0.001) such as postoperative pancreatitis (OR, 2.026; 95% CI, 1.002–4.378; P = 0.001) and cholangitis (OR, 3.903; 95% CI, 1.001–10.038; P = 0.036). The main indications for ERCP for patients with cirrhosis in this study included choledocholithiasis (101 cases; 55.5%), benign bile duct strictures (46 cases; 25.3%), and malignant bile duct strictures (28 cases; 15.4%). Among them, 23 patients (12.6%) underwent balloon dilation and 79 patients (43.4%) underwent sphincterotomy. Of the patients with cirrhosis, delayed bleeding occurred in ten patients (5.5%), postoperative pancreatitis occurred in 80 patients (44.0%), and postoperative cholangitis occurred in 25 patients (13.7%). An additional multivariate analysis showed that the total bilirubin (TBIL) level (OR, 4.58; 95% CI, 2.37–6.70) and Child-Pugh score of C (OR, 3.11; 95% CI, 1.04–5.37) were risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with cirrhosis.

Conclusions:
Compared with the general population of patients undergoing ERCP, patients with cirrhosis were more prone to postoperative pancreatitis and cholangitis. TBIL levels and Child-Pugh scores were risk factors for postoperative complications in patients with cirrhosis.
Encyclopedia of fecal microbiota transplantation: a review of effectiveness in the treatment of 85 diseases
Authors: Wang Yun , Zhang Sheng , Borody Thomas J. , Zhang Faming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used as a core therapy for treating dysbiosis-related diseases by remodeling gut microbiota. The methodology and technology for improving FMT are stepping forward, mainly including washed microbiota transplantation (WMT), colonic transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) for microbiota delivery, and purified Firmicutes spores from fecal matter. To improve the understanding of the clinical applications of FMT, we performed a systematic literature review on FMT published from 2011 to 2021. Here, we provided an overview of the reported clinical benefits of FMT, the methodology of processing FMT, the strategy of using FMT, and the regulations on FMT in global. A total of 782 studies were included for the final analysis. The present review profiled the effectiveness from all clinical FMT uses in 85 specific diseases as eight categories, including infections, gut diseases, microbiota–gut–liver axis, microbiota–gut–brain axis, metabolic diseases, oncology, hematological diseases, and other diseases. Although many further controlled trials will be needed, the dramatic increasing reports have shown the promising future of FMT for dysbiosis-related diseases in the gut or beyond the gut.
Global transmission of HIV-1 subtype C and its impact on the circulation of B/C recombination strains in China
Authors: Liu Zhanmou , Liang Yanling , Feng Yi , Li Kang , Shao Yiming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to reconstruct the origin and worldwide epidemic history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 subtype C, and comprehend how HIV-1 subtype C was introduced into and spread throughout China in the form of B/C recombinant strains. Envelope (env) sequences of HIV-1 subtype C and some other subtypes deposited before December 31, 2020 were downloaded from the Los Alamos HIV Database and the Chinese National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Database. The available sequences were screened for quality, and Bayesian analysis was used to build the maximum clade credibility evolutionary tree to analyze and judge the origin and spread of HIV-1 subtype C. HIV-1 subtype C originated in central Africa around 1952, then spread to southern Africa around 1969, and to eastern Africa around 1973. HIV-1 subtype C from southern Africa was introduced into India in 1977. HIV-1 subtype C of eastern Africa was introduced into Brazil in 1987. Indian HIV-1 subtype C was exported to China in three migration events during the period 1986-1989. The two predominant recombinants in China (CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC) emerged in 1988 and 1990, respectively. Other B/C recombinants, namely CRF64_BC, CRF61_BC, and CRF62_BC, originated in 1993, 2002, and 2000, respectively. Our study has reconstructed the global origin and evolutionary history of HIV-1 subtype C. Additionally, our study demonstrated that the Chinese HIV-1 subtype C originated from three related Indian lineages around the mid to late 1980s, and since then has formed some B/C recombinants with subtype B that caused a widespread epidemic in China.
Supporting an Inclusive Environment Through Correct Name Pronunciation
Authors: Najjar Rana , Noone Joanne , Reifenstein Karen 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The Future of Nursing 2020-2030 Report recommends eliminating practices within nursing education that contribute to racism and discrimination.

Problem:
Name mispronunciation has been identified as a microaggression that can interfere with an inclusive learning environment and a sense of belonging.

Approach:
The faculty development approach used a TEDx talk of a story about personal naming, followed by a discussion on appropriate and inappropriate responses to name mispronunciation. Tools and strategies to promote correct name pronunciation were shared.

Outcomes:
Participants reported (1) the training and video were meaningful and impactful; (2) increased understanding that name mispronunciation may be considered a microaggression; and (3) increased awareness of their response to correct name pronunciation.

Conclusions:
A just and equitable learning environment free of discrimination is integral to achieving inclusion and belonging in nursing education. Correct name pronunciation tools and techniques can engender a sense of inclusion.
Factors Associated With Resilience During Long-Term Hemodialysis
Authors: García-Martínez Pedro , Ballester-Arnal Rafa , Gandhi-Morar Kavita , Temprado-Albalat María D. , Collado-Boira Eladio , Saus-Ortega Carlos , Castro-Calvo Jesús 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Resilience has been associated with greater adherence to treatment, better outcomes, and improved quality of life (QOL) in people with chronic health conditions. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic, treatment accessibility related, clinical, and psychological variables associated with resilience in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis (> 6 months).

Methods
This was a multicenter, cross-sectional, and correlational study. The instruments used were the Spanish versions of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Perceived Stress Scale 10, and Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36. The participants were categorized as resilient (score greater than or equal to 49.37 on the resilience scale) or non-resilient. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables with predictive power for the group with the resilient profile (RP).

Results
Perceived stress, general QOL, and subcomponents of QOL, such as the physical component and burden of kidney disease, were identified as factors related to RP.

Discussion
Identifying the factors related to resilient adjustment in patients with advanced CKD may assist health caregivers in improving adherence to treatment, treatment outcomes, and QOL.