bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning‐Based Solution for Thermomechanical Analysis of MMIC Packaging
Authors: Kang Sumin , Lee Jae Hak , Kim Seung Man , Lim Jaeseung , Park Ah‐Young , Han Seongheum , Song Jun‐Yeob , Kim Seong‐Il 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermomechanical analysis of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) packaging is essential to guarantee the reliability of radio frequency/microwave applications. However, a method for fast and accurate analysis of MMIC packaging structures has not been developed. Here, a machine learning (ML)‐based solution for thermomechanical analysis of MMIC packaging is demonstrated. This ML‐based solution analyzes temperature and thermal stresses considering key design parameters, including material properties, geometric characteristics, and thermal boundary conditions. Finite element simulation with the Monte Carlo method is utilized to prepare a large dataset for supervised learning and validation of the ML solution, and a laser‐assisted thermal experiment is conducted to verify the accuracy of the simulation. After data preparation, regression tree ensemble and artificial neural network (ANN) learning models are investigated. The results show that the ANN model accurately predicts the outcomes with extremely low computing time by analyzing the high‐dimensional dataset. Finally, the developed ML solution is deployed as a web application format for facile approaches. It is believed that this study will provide a guideline for developing ML‐based solutions in chip packaging design technology.
Realization of Multi‐Level State and Artificial Synapses Function in Stacked (Ta/CoFeB/MgO)N Structures
Authors: Zhang Bo , Lv Wenbo , Guo Yonghai , Wang Bo , Luo Keliu , Li Wangda , Cao Jiangwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpintronic devices can realize multi‐state storage and be used to simulate artificial synapses or artificial neurons, which makes them have promising application prospect in the field of artificial neural networks (ANN). This work investigates the current‐induced magnetization reversal in stacked (Ta/CoFeB/MgO)N structures and their application in ANN. It is demonstrated that the complete current‐induced magnetization reversal with large intermediate transition region can be achieved in the sample with N = 2. The magneto‐optical Kerr microscope imaging shows that the large transition region for the sample is ascribed to the “layer‐by‐layer” reversal, owing to the difference of the coercivity of two CoFeB layers. In addition, the simulation of artificial synapses and artificial neurons function based on current‐induced magnetization reversal in the sample is also demonstrated. These results substantiate the stacked (Ta/CoFeB/MgO)N structures as a promising platform for realizing the multi‐level state and artificial synapses function, and its potential application in the field of ANN.
Solar and Thermal Radiation‐Modulation Materials for Building Applications
Authors: Chai Jiale , Fan Jintu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRegulation of solar and thermal radiation of building envelope shows huge energy‐saving potentials. Existing reviews mainly focus on the materials with fixed solar and thermal optical properties. Although there are reviews reporting the materials with modulated optical properties (e.g., radiative cooling materials with modulating thermal emissivity while maintaining high solar reflectance), they merely focus on either solar or thermal radiation modulation, which can provide limited or even negative building energy savings and thus may mislead the researchers to design low energy‐efficient materials in practice. To help gain a holistic understanding of the state‐of‐the‐art solar and thermal radiation‐modulation materials (STRMMs) and guide researchers to develop more effective STRMMs for maximum building energy savings, here the STRMMs are reviewed in three categories, solar radiation modulation, thermal radiation modulation, and synergetic solar and thermal radiation modulation. In the former two categories, only single solar or thermal optical property is modulated while in the third category both solar and thermal optical properties are modulated. For STRMMs in each category, their working principles, representative examples, potential applications and future perspectives are compared and elaborated.
Utilising feed effectors and automated feeders for semi‐intensive pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) production
Authors: Walsh Samuel , Nguyen Khanh , Strebel Leila , Rhodes Melanie , Davis D. Allen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFeed effectors have been suggested to improve the efficiency of plant‐based shrimp diets by increasing attractability and palatability. This research trial aimed to expand upon previous Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) research involving plant‐based diets, feed effectors and passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) in a laboratory setting by conducting a feed trial in outdoor semi‐intensive ponds stocked at 30 shrimp/m2. A 13‐week trial was conducted in sixteen 0.1‐ha ponds equipped with PAM‐integrated feeders, which allowed for demand‐style feeding. Four soy‐optimised diets, consisting of an ‘all‐plant’ basal diet (AP) and three diets with an attractant (2% krill meal (KM), 2% squid meal (SM), 4% fish hydrolysate (FH)), were fed to the shrimp for a period of 74–75 days. Significantly more (p = 0.0131) of the FH diet was fed to the respective ponds than the KM and AP diets, suggesting that the addition of FH to soy‐optimised diets increases the intensity of the feed response in shrimp cultured in semi‐intensive ponds. The same diets offered in predetermined amounts to shrimp in an outdoor, recirculating green water system resulted in no significant differences (p > 0.05) between treatment means for final weight or weekly growth rate. However, there was a significant difference (p = 0.021) in survival between the AP treatment (85.83%) and the FH treatment (95.83%), which led to the final biomass (p = 0.004) and FCR (p < 0.0001) of the AP treatment being significantly different from all other treatments. The reduced response observed in the AP treatment suggests that the addition of attractants may improve the performance of plant‐based diets in RAS.
Genotype × <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="urn:x-wiley:00029122:media:ajb216091:ajb216091-math-0001" wiley:location="equation/ajb216091-math-0001.png"><mrow><mrow><mo>\unicode{x000D7}</mo></mrow></mrow></math> environment interaction obscures genetic sources of variation in seed size in Dithyrea californica but provides the opportunity for selection on phenotypic plasticity
Authors: Larios Eugenio , Mazer Susan J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPremiseIn many species, seed size influences individual fitness, but its heritability is low, impeding its evolution. In heterogeneous environments, even if heritability of seed size is low, genetic variation in phenotypic plasticity for seed size may provide the opportunity for selection, but this possibility has rarely been investigated in wild species. The evolutionary trajectory of seed size depends on whether additive, maternal, or non‐additive genetic variance dominates; moreover, the expression of any of these sources of variance may be environment‐dependent, reflecting genetic variation in plasticity. In this study, we examined these sources of variation in seed size and their response to drought in Dithyrea californica.MethodsWe used a diallel design to estimate variance components for seed size in three greenhouse‐raised populations sampled from California and northern Mexico. We replicated diallels in two watering treatments to examine genetic parameters and genotype × environment interactions affecting seed size. We estimated general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability, reciprocal effects (RGCA and RSCA), and their interactions with water availability, and we sought evidence that sexual conflict influences seed size.ResultsNorms of reaction revealed genetic variation in plasticity for seed size in each population. Seed size in D. californica is determined by the combination of watering treatment, GCA and RGCA; parental identity and water availability do not consistently affect seed size, and we detected no evidence for sexual conflict.ConclusionsMultiple sources of genetic variation in phenotypic plasticity for seed size have the potential to influence its evolutionary trajectory in heterogenous environments.
Predictors of anemia response to momelotinib therapy in myelofibrosis and impact on survival
Authors: Gangat Naseema , Begna Kebede H. , Al‐Kali Aref , Hogan William , Litzow Mark , Pardanani Animesh , Tefferi Ayalew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe retrospectively reviewed 72 anemic patients with myelofibrosis (MF; median age 68 years), who were JAK2 inhibitor‐naïve at the time of study entry to a phase‐1/2 momelotinib clinical trial. Driver mutation profile included JAK2 69%, CALR 17%, MPL 8%, and triple‐negative 6%; other mutations included ASXL1 39% and SRSF2 17%. Momelotinib was administered at a median dose of 300 mg daily. Anemia response was assessed by formal criteria and documented in 44% of all patients with hemoglobin levels below the sex‐adjusted reference range (n = 72), 48% of those with hemoglobin <10 g/dl (n = 54), and 46% of those who were transfusion‐dependent at the time of study entry (n = 28). Anemia response was more likely with post‐essential thrombocythemia MF (83% vs 37%; p = .001), lower serum ferritin (p = .003), and shorter time from diagnosis to momelotinib therapy (p = .001); the first two variables were also predictive in transfusion‐dependent patients. Post‐momelotinib median survival was 3.2 years; in univariate analysis, survival was superior in anemia responders (median 3.8 vs. 2.8 years; p = .14) and in the presence of type 1/like CALR mutation and inferior in the presence of age > 65 years, ASXL1/SRSF2 mutation, unfavorable karyotype, DIPSS‐plus high risk, red cell transfusion need and higher serum ferritin. Multivariable analysis confirmed the favorable impact of anemia response on survival (p = .02; HR 0.5, 3/5/10‐year survival; 69%/38%/25%). This survival advantage was also noted in transfusion‐dependent patients (3.7 vs. 1.9 years; p = .01; HR 0.3) and appeared to be restricted to patients with an unfavorable genetic profile. The current study suggests a short‐term survival benefit associated with anemia response in momelotinib‐treated patients with MF.
Copy number variants suggest different molecular pathways for the pathogenesis of bladder exstrophy
Authors: Nordenskjöld Agneta , Arkani Samara , Pettersson Maria , Winberg Johanna , Cao Jia , Fossum Magdalena , Anderberg Magnus , Barker Gillian , Holmdahl Gundela , Lundin Johanna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBladder exstrophy is a rare congenital malformation leaving the urinary bladder open in the midline of the abdomen at birth. There is a clear genetic background with chromosome aberrations, but so far, no consistent findings apart from 22q11‐duplications detected in about 2%–3% of all patients. Some genes are implicated like the LZTR1, ISL1, CELSR3, and the WNT3 genes, but most are not explained molecularly. We have performed chromosomal microarray analysis on a cohort of 140 persons born with bladder exstrophy to look for submicroscopic chromosomal deletions and duplications. Pathogenic or possibly pathogenic microdeletions or duplications were found in 16 patients (11.4%) and further 9 with unknown significance. Two findings were in regions linked to known syndromes, two findings involved the same gene (MCC), and all other findings were unique. A closer analysis suggests a few gene networks that are involved in the pathogenesis of bladder exstrophy; the WNT‐signaling pathway, the chromosome 22q11 region, the RIT2 and POU families, and involvement of the Golgi apparatus. Bladder exstrophy is a rare malformation and is reported to be associated with several chromosome aberrations. Our data suggest involvement of some specific molecular pathways.
Advancing Critical Chemical Processes for a Sustainable Future: Challenges for Industry and the Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT)
Authors: Bowker Michael , DeBeer Serena , Dummer Nicholas F. , Hutchings Graham J. , Scheffler Matthias , Schüth Ferdi , Taylor Stuart H. , Tüysüz Harun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCatalysis is involved in around 85 % of manufacturing industry and contributes an estimated 25 % to the global domestic product, with the majority of the processes relying on heterogeneous catalysis. Despite the importance in different global segments, the fundamental understanding of heterogeneously catalysed processes lags substantially behind that achieved in other fields. The newly established Max Planck–Cardiff Centre on the Fundamentals of Heterogeneous Catalysis (FUNCAT) targets innovative concepts that could contribute to the scientific developments needed in the research field to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions in the chemical industries. This Viewpoint Article presents some of our research activities and visions on the current and future challenges of heterogeneous catalysis regarding green industry and the circular economy by focusing explicitly on critical processes. Namely, hydrogen production, ammonia synthesis, and carbon dioxide reduction, along with new aspects of acetylene chemistry.
Intrinsically Stretchable Electroluminescent Elastomers with Self‐Confinement Effect for Highly Efficient Non‐Blended Stretchable OLEDs
Authors: Li Xiang‐Chun , Yao Lanqian , Song Wan , Liu Fang , Wang Qian , Chen Jin , Xue Qian , Lai Wen‐Yong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUltra‐flexible stretchable organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) are emerging as a basic component of flexible electronics and human‐machine interfaces. However, the brightness and efficiency of stretchable OLEDs remain still far inferior to their rigid counterparts, owing to the scarcity of satisfactory stretchable electroluminescent materials. Herein, we explore a general concept based on the self‐confinement effect to dramatically improve the stretchability of elastomers, without affecting electroluminescent properties. The balanced rigid/flexible chain dynamics under self‐confinement significantly reduces the modulus of the elastomers, resulting in the maximum strain reaching 806 %. Ultra‐flexible stretchable OLEDs have been constructed based on the resulting ISEEs, achieving unprecedented high‐performance non‐blended stretchable OLEDs. The results suggest an effective molecular design strategy for highly deformable stretchable displays and flexible electronics.
Variation in adhesion properties and film morphologies of waterborne pressure‐sensitive adhesives containing an acid‐rich diblock copolymer additive
Authors: Kennedy Kylie M. , Ngunjiri Johnpeter , Binder Joseph B. , DeFelippis James , DenBleyker William , Mallozzi Michael , Pujari Saswati 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne challenge for waterborne pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSA)s is the typical tradeoff between cohesion and adhesion. Others have shown that waterborne PSA films with thin, hard boundaries formed from short poly(acid) segments surrounding soft particles can have simultaneous improvements in adhesion and cohesion. To study this approach in commercial‐type acrylic waterborne PSAs, a diblock copolymer (BCP) composed of poly(acrylic acid)‐block‐(n‐butyl acrylate) (PAA‐b‐PBA) is added at 1–5 wt% to PSAs composed of 100% PBA (PSA (0% acid)) or 99% BA/1% AA (PSA (1% acid)). Films of these blends prepared using industrially relevant conditions reveal complex nanodomains in atomic force microscopy (AFM) images. PSA performance tests showed that 1–2 wt% BCP additive nearly tripled adhesion to stainless steel for PSA (0% acid) while improving cohesion. Nonetheless, AFM images of PSA (0% acid) with 1–2 wt% BCP display ill‐defined morphologies, with clear percolated structures apparent primarily in films with 5% BCP. This indicates that film morphologies which enhance adhesion may not correlate with AFM features. Moreover, the balance of adhesion and cohesion of PSA (1% acid) without BCP exceeds that of any of the BCP blends, demonstrating the challenge of using designed microstructures to improve upon conventional PSAs containing copolymerized acids.
Substantial advancement in aquaria rearing methods to assist recovery of an Endangered soft coral
Authors: Larkin Meryl F. , Davis Tom R. , Harasti David , Benkendorff Kirsten , Smith Stephen D. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The temperate soft coral Dendronephthya australis has been listed as Endangered in NSW, Australia, owing to its restricted geographic range, rapidly declining populations, and a number of escalating threats. Research to assess practical methods for aquarium cultivation of D. australis for rehabilitation of wild populations is considered a high priority.
Previous attempts at restoration by transplanting D. australis fragments have had limited success, but identified key challenges, which included achieving attachment to substrates and identifying appropriate foods to maximize survival.
This study presents the results of experiments promoting the attachment of cuttings (nubbins) removed from donor colonies to moveable substrates (small concrete discs). Using a balanced orthogonal experimental design, three feeding regimes were tested: live artemia, live rotifers and dry powdered zooplankton.
Donor colony survival and growth were also monitored over a 6 month period in the field.
An overall nubbin survival rate of 100% was achieved under all three feeding regimes. Attachment rates were similar across feeding treatments, although nubbin behavioural responses (percentage of open polyps before feeding) suggested some preference for live rotifers.
The cutting removal process had no significant effect on donor colonies in the wild, indicating that this is a sustainable approach for restoration.
Overall, this study substantially advances the methodology for maintaining an Endangered azooxanthellate soft coral in aquaria and provides valuable input for management programmes aimed at implementing transplantation into the wild to aid species recovery.
Developmental toxicity of remdesivir, an anti‐COVID‐19 drug, is implicated by in vitro assays using morphogenetic embryoid bodies of mouse and human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Kirkwood‐Johnson Lauren , Marikawa Yusuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRemdesivir is an antiviral drug approved for the treatment of COVID‐19, whose developmental toxicity remains unclear. More information about the safety of remdesivir is urgently needed for people of childbearing potential, who are affected by the ongoing pandemic. Morphogenetic embryoid bodies (MEBs) are three‐dimensional (3D) aggregates of pluripotent stem cells that recapitulate embryonic body patterning in vitro, and have been used as effective embryo models to detect the developmental toxicity of chemical exposures specifically and sensitively.MethodsMEBs were generated from mouse P19C5 and human H9 pluripotent stem cells, and used to examine the effects of remdesivir. The morphological effects were assessed by analyzing the morphometric parameters of MEBs after exposure to varying concentrations of remdesivir. The molecular impact of remdesivir was evaluated by measuring the transcript levels of developmental regulator genes.ResultsThe mouse MEB morphogenesis was impaired by remdesivir at 1–8 μM. Remdesivir affected MEBs in a manner dependent on metabolic conversion, and its potency was higher than GS‐441524 and GS‐621763, presumptive anti‐COVID‐19 drugs that act similarly to remdesivir. The expressions of developmental regulator genes, particularly those involved in axial and somite patterning, were dysregulated by remdesivir. The early stage of MEB development was more vulnerable to remdesivir exposure than the later stage. The morphogenesis and gene expression profiles of human MEBs were also impaired by remdesivir at 1–8 μM.ConclusionsRemdesivir impaired mouse and human MEBs at concentrations that are comparable to the therapeutic plasma levels in humans, urging further investigation into the potential impact of remdesivir on developing embryos.
Poor expression of miR‐195‐5p can assist the diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage and predict adverse outcomes
Authors: Li Yong , Yang Senyuan , Zhou Xiaobin , Lai Runlong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may develop refractory arterial cerebral vasospasm (CVS), which is the leading cause of death in SAH patients. This study explored the clinical diagnostic value of serum miR‐195‐5p levels in CVS after SAH (SAH + CVS) and its relationship with the prognosis of SAH + CVS.MethodsA total of 110 patients with spontaneous SAH were divided into the SAH group (N = 62) and SAH + CVS group (N = 58), with 60 healthy subjects as controls. The clinical data of blood glucose, blood sodium fluctuation, and serum lactic acid were recorded. miR‐195‐5p serum level was detected by RT‐qPCR and its diagnostic value on SAH + CVS was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve. Serum levels of PDGF/IL‐6/ET‐1 and their correlation with miR‐195‐5p were analyzed using RT‐qPCR, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and Pearson's method. The patient prognosis was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale. The effect of miR‐195‐5p levels on adverse prognosis was analyzed by Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox regression analysis.ResultsmiR‐195‐5p was lowly expressed in the serum of SAH patients and lower in SAH + CVS patients. Serum miR‐195‐5p level assisted the diagnosis of SAH and SAH + CVS and was negatively correlated with PDGF/IL‐6/ET‐1 levels and was an independent risk factor together with ET‐1 and blood glucose for SAH + CVS. miR‐195‐5p low expression predicted a higher cumulative incidence of adverse outcomes and was an independent predictor of adverse outcomes.ConclusionPoor expression of miR‐195‐5p can assist the diagnosis of SAH + CVS and predict higher adverse outcomes.
Synergistic combination therapy delivered via layer‐by‐layer nanoparticles induces solid tumor regression of ovarian cancer
Authors: Kong Stephanie , Moharil Pearl , Handly‐Santana Abram , Boehnke Natalie , Panayiotou Richard , Gomerdinger Victoria , Covarrubias Gil , Pires Ivan S. , Zervantonakis Ioannis , Brugge Joan , Hammond Paula T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe majority of patients with high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) develop recurrent disease and chemotherapy resistance. To identify drug combinations that would be effective in treatment of chemotherapy resistant disease, we examined the efficacy of drug combinations that target the three antiapoptotic proteins most commonly expressed in HGSOC—BCL2, BCL‐XL, and MCL1. Co‐inhibition of BCL2 and BCL‐XL (ABT‐263) with inhibition of MCL1 (S63845) induces potent synergistic cytotoxicity in multiple HGSOC models. Since this drug combination is predicted to be toxic to patients due to the known clinical morbidities of each drug, we developed layer‐by‐layer nanoparticles (LbL NPs) that co‐encapsulate these inhibitors in order to target HGSOC tumor cells and reduce systemic toxicities. We show that the LbL NPs can be designed to have high association with specific ovarian tumor cell types targeted in these studies, thus enabling a more selective uptake when delivered via intraperitoneal injection. Treatment with these LbL NPs displayed better potency than free drugs in vitro and resulted in near‐complete elimination of solid tumor metastases of ovarian cancer xenografts. Thus, these results support the exploration of LbL NPs as a strategy to deliver potent drug combinations to recurrent HGSOC. While these findings are described for co‐encapsulation of a BCL2/XL and a MCL1 inhibitor, the modular nature of LbL assembly provides flexibility in the range of therapies that can be incorporated, making LbL NPs an adaptable vehicle for delivery of additional combinations of pathway inhibitors and other oncology drugs.