bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retro-commissioning for buildings: problems and the way forward for a policy research study
Authors: Lai J H K , Ng R T H , Chiu B W Y , Hou C H Y , Edwards D , Wong P Y L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Buildings represent a major source of energy use and significantly contribute to carbon emissions and hence, the global warming problem. Towards the goal of sustainable and smart buildings, worldwide a variety of voluntary and mandatory tools have been introduced to enhance buildings’ operational performance. Among these tools is retro-commissioning (RCx) - a knowledge-based systematic process to periodically check and improve existing buildings’ performance. However, the uptake of RCx in the building sector remains limited. Grounded on a literature review, this paper reports on the emergence and development of RCx, a comparison between RCx programmes in cities that pioneered to impose regulations on RCx, the characteristics of RCx, and the concerns over the implementation of RCx in existing buildings. In addition, barriers and policy measures revealed from the building energy literature, which are potentially applicable to RCx, were identified. The way forward for a proposed study, by which appropriate policies can be identified to enable RCx implementation, is described. Findings from this study would serve as reference that imposes implications to future RCx research.
User-centric Student Housing Performance Evaluation Approach: A Case Study in the Netherlands
Authors: Hou C H Y , Lai J H K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the Netherlands, the development of student housing has been increasing with the significant growth of the student recruitment in recent years. As such, there is a pressing need for a retrospective reflection of the performance of student housing built in previous years. However, a user-centric building performance evaluation framework (BPEF) for student housing is not available. From the user perspective, this study aims to develop a BPEF to support student housing management. Based on a thorough literature review, 14 building performance attributes (BPAs) applicable to student housing were identified, structured and incorporated into a preliminary three-level hierarchy of BPEF. A focus group discussion, which was conducted to verify the preliminary BPEF, established an improved BPEF that comprises 15 BPAs. A Dutch student housing case was selected to test the established BPEF using the data collected through a survey. The qualitative and quantitative data complement each other to provide in-depth examination of the student housing’s performance, and the survey results prove the validity of the BPEF. This study serves as a pilot case in establishing the BPEF from the user perspective, and the validated BPEF can be used in future research or practical evaluation on other student housing developments.
Get smart: the importance of urban facilities management to smart neighbourhoods and their citizens in a project’s early stages
Authors: Collins D , Johansen A , Temeljotov-Salaj A , Senior C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how citizen participation as part of Urban Facility Management both as a consideration and practical application can contribute to the positive development of human-centred Smart Neighbourhoods. Through a combination of desk research and data from an ongoing research project in Norway, this paper will use literature to provide a theoretical link between these concepts whilst also showing how this link can be demonstrated in real work projects in the Norwegian Municipality of Lier. The findings illustrate that Facilities Management-focused urban planning processes allow for citizen-optimized communities, well planned and easy-to-implement maintenance strategies that ensure the long-term viability of Smart and Sustainable Cities. The results of this paper can be important for the development of Urban FM as a field, the reorientation of FM as not just a building level concept, but community level and has applicability to the fields of FM, architecture, urban planning, and Smart Cities.
A case study of construction and demolition waste management process flow in mega infrastructure projects in Australia
Authors: Ratnasabapathy S , Perera S , Alashwal A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The rapid growth of population and associated urbanization and economic development calls for increased demand for infrastructure development to meet ongoing and future demands. A better understanding of the waste management (WM) processes would help to manage large volumes of waste effectively at construction sites, maximise the value of resources and improve environmental and economic performances. This research aims to investigate the WM processes associated with different types of construction and demolition (C&D) waste generated by a mega infrastructure project through a case study approach, combining expert interviews and project-specific document reviews. The case studied project demonstrated high environmental and economic sustainability outcomes and exceeded the C&D WM targets, signifying more than 90% landfill diversion rates for both spoil and construction waste generated during the construction stage. As such, the infrastructure projects have a great potential to maximise the reuse of high-value waste through waste exchange across projects and gain economic and environmental benefits, while leading to paving a path to greener Australia in near future. The outcome of this case study is a WM process flow diagram (PFD) that maps out the WM processes, waste fates and associated waste flows involved with the diverse range of C&D waste throughout its life cycle. The PFD developed in this study serves as an operational tool to develop effective WM plans for construction projects of similar nature and thus helps to achieve higher landfill diversion rates. The outcome of this study can also contribute to the development of a generic WM PFD for the C&D waste stream.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of construction waste prevention among construction professionals
Authors: Mbadugha Lynda C. , Ozumba Aghaegbuna O. U. , Shakantu Winston 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As a best practice for sustainable construction, Construction Waste Prevention (CWP) is poorly practiced, and may be largely associated with the knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of construction practitioners. With a focus on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of CWP, this study was purposed to provide an in-depth analysis of the implementation of CWP within the construction industry, using a meta-synthesis of purposively sampled literature. An analysis of responses from construction industry professionals, derived from extant literature, was used to gain deeper understanding of the linkages of KAP to current CWP practice, if any. Findings show limited knowledge of waste prevention measures, and a negative attitude, which translates to practice for many. The study contributes to the unique area of construction waste prevention by shedding light on gaps between existing norms and what should be CWP practice among construction professionals.
Influence of the urban heat island effect on interstitial condensation in residential buildings with a temperate oceanic climate in winter: Case of Puerto Montt, Chile
Authors: Moncada-Morales G A , Verichev K , Prieto A J , Carpio M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Interstitial condensation is a phenomenon that occurs when, somewhere inside a construction element, a pressure equal to or greater than the saturation pressure is reached. At this time, condensation will occur inside the element, producing interstitial condensation. This phenomenon occurs mainly in the winter. This type of condensation produces various problems, such as the deterioration of materials, humidity, reduced comfort conditions inside the home and health problems. Further, the urban heat island effect means that due to different factors — building materials, green areas, volumes— temperatures are not homogeneous in all areas of the city. This effect makes the same building in different areas behave differently. This research aimed to analyse the influence of the urban heat island effect on interstitial conditions in a temperate oceanic climate. This study was carried out through a case study consisting of a typical house, with three different constructive solutions, located in four representative city points. The city where the experiment was carried out corresponds to Puerto Montt, in the south of Chile. Puerto Montt has a temperate oceanic climate with mild summers and long winters. The research results will be helpful when selecting different constructive solutions for the thermal envelope in cities with temperate oceanic climates.
Precursor considerations for new circular economy business models
Authors: Clapham Paul , Iyer-Raniga Usha , Aranda-Mena Guillermo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Circular economy thinking encourages society to adopt sustainable patterns of consumption and production. This basic principle aligns with the objectives of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which include improving human welfare through equal access to drinking water and sanitation; together with reliable, sustainable, and modern energy supplies for all. Traditional approaches to delivering public utility services have been rooted within the Baconian view that the environment is a pool of resources that exist for the betterment of humankind. Whilst this tradition has delivered water supply, sanitation, electricity generation, and waste management services, that have improved the lives of countless humans, the provision of these services largely relies on business models and technologies that have had significant adverse impact upon the natural environment. To inform the development of new sustainable business models, this paper explores circularity concepts from the perspective of decision makers and actors responsible for the delivery of public utility infrastructure. Through a review of the secondary literature, this paper examines core circular economy principles and maps these against fundamental business model elements to synthesise a framework of precursor considerations for future business models. This framework has potential application in testing the extent to which existing business models in the utility sector support the transition to a circular economy and how current business models can be adapted to assist the achievement of sustainable development.
The Significance of Occupants Satisfaction on the Maintenance Planning Process
Authors: Ayo-Adejuyigbe M , Gyanwali M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn general standardization and maintenance of a building, numerous plans, procedures, and guidelines are essential for the appropriate management of such structure to meet expectations and withstand any form of problems that may erupt from its usage. In situations of employing inadequate and improper maintenance architecture in the management of the building services, the outcome leads to the compromise of the purpose of design of such building, thereby causing dissatisfaction to the users(occupants). The dissatisfaction of occupants often leads to complaints that increase the maintenance cost. The main focus of this paper suggests the appropriate use of the maintenance planning process to avoid accruing extra costs on maintenance both from the housing provider and user. This paper further highlights the effectiveness of the maintenance planning process and the significance of occupants’ satisfaction with maintenance provided in their homes. In achieving the objective, a survey was conducted and data gathered were analyzed using analytical tools such as frequencies and ANOVA. The study reveals the level of satisfaction of occupants with maintenance issues in the property and satisfaction with the safety measures put in place within the building. Finally, the result generated from the survey recommends the proper use of the maintenance planning process to avoid accruing extra costs on maintenance while prioritizing maximum customer satisfaction.
Experimental study of condensation characteristics and operation strategies of induction radiant air-conditioning system
Authors: Si Qiang , Wei Jianjun , Li Yuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To study the operation and condensation characteristics of an induction radiant air-conditioning system as a novel system that combines induction ventilation and radiant air conditioning, the characteristics of convection and condensation of an indoor terminal device radiant induction unit were studied. The mass transfer coefficient, condensation temperature, and condensation rate were analyzed experimentally. The time required to achieve a steady state indoor thermal environment was collected. The results indicated that the primary airflow rate and temperature mainly affected the mass transfer coefficient, condensation temperature, and condensation rate. When the indoor thermal environment reached a steady state, the heat transfer performance of the radiant induction unit was mainly affected by the primary air temperature. When condensation occurred, the primary airflow rate had a greater influence on the condensation rate. The start-up and response performances of the system were better than those of a traditional radiant air-conditioning system. In the condensation condition, reasonable control strategies maintain the primary air temperature and adjust the primary air flow rate, which can ensure sufficient heat transfer and stabilize the indoor thermal environment faster.
Method on pose estimation of excavators based on onboard depth camera
Authors: Tang Jingyuan , Zhang Xiao , Wong Peter Kok-Yiu , Cheng Jack C P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pose estimation of construction machines describes their motions and orientations in 3D space, which provides basic information for remote control, safety monitoring, and productivity analysis. Among the commonly used construction machines, the excavator is an important one whose pose information has significant value in the development of automatic driving systems and operation safety monitoring. Regarding vision-based pose estimation of excavators, previous studies mainly rely on image data from digital cameras installed on sites. However, their robustness may drop due to occlusions by surrounding clutters. To address these problems fundamentally, this study proposes a method on partial pose estimation of excavators, with an onboard depth camera installed on the cabin of the targeted excavator. This solution is inspired by the visual effect produced by the operator’s eyes, according to the Bionics principles. First, by processing the depth camera data, the spatial coordinates of several pre-defined keypoints of an excavator are obtained. Afterward, by combining the keypoint coordinates with prior knowledge of the geometric relationship of excavators, a pose triangle is computed which describes the pose of the excavator. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed algorithm is preliminarily verified by experimental data from real construction sites. This study contributes not only to solve the problem of occlusion when using visual sensors on sites, but also to provide a theoretical basis for the design of onboard control systems for excavators.
Use of BIM and visual data collected by UAS and 360° camera for construction progress monitoring
Authors: Barbosa Amanda S , Costa Dayana B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Despite progress monitoring is an essential practice for achieving the success of construction, traditional monitoring methods based on manual information gathered through visual inspections are error-prone, depending on the experience of those who carry them out. Furthermore, most studies of progress monitoring using digital technologies focus on activities carried out outdoors, limiting the application of these methods in residential construction sites, which have several indoor activities. This study proposes a method for outdoor and indoor visual monitoring of construction progress using Building Information Modeling (BIM), 360° camera, and photogrammetry aided by an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS). For this purpose, exploratory case studies were carried out. The first exploratory study aimed to understand data collection and processing operationalization using the proposed technologies. Then, these technologies were used and evaluated to monitor progress in a second exploratory case study, enabling the development of a proposed method for using visual data collected by UAS and 360° camera integrated to BIM for progress monitoring. The status of the external area of the construction site was represented by point clouds generated through images collected by UAS. For monitoring inside the buildings, a 360° camera attached to the safety helmet was used. The results include evaluating the use of a 360° camera to monitor the internal progress of works, presenting its strengths, limitations, and use recommendations. In addition, the results also include the proposal of a method for visual progress monitoring of indoor and outdoor activities using BIM, UAS, and 360° cameras.
Using smartwatches to understand the relationship between construction workers’ travelled distance and time spent on direct work
Authors: Pérez C T , Salling S , Wandahl S 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConstruction production processes are, in general, improved by removing non-value-adding activities. This includes reducing workers’ movements (walking) for transportation, inspections, etc. This research analyses the relationship between construction workers’ travelled distance and time spent on Direct Work (DW) at a construction site. An exploratory case study of the tasks performed by the carpenter trade was conducted.. Several sources of evidence, tools, and techniques were adopted: (a) direct observation to characterize the main activities; (b) Work Sampling (WS) technique to estimate the distribution of work time spent on different activities; (c) smartwatches to collect the data on construction workers’ travelled distance on the site during workhours; and (d) questionnaire application to collect workers’ perception of using the smartwatches. The relationship between distance travelled by workers and the time spent on DW was tested using linear regression analysis. The results indicate DW is indirectly correlated to how much workers walk on the construction site (R=0.445). This study presents a pioneering use of data gathered from smartwatches as a tool for collecting workers’ travelled distance. The use of smartwatches has the potential implication to automate the data collection to estimate the time spent on DW based on travelled distances.
Real-time Employee Monitoring Technologies in the Construction Sector – Effect, Readiness and Theoretical Perspectives: The case of New Zealand
Authors: Wu R W , Yiu T W , Jelodar M B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Varieties of Real-time Employee monitoring Technology (REMT) are becoming popular and have aroused significant interest in recent years from the construction sector, where the industry explores the use of advanced monitoring technologies to reduce unsafe work behaviours and improve productivity. However, studies identified some concerns about applying these monitoring technologies at construction sites. Consequently, REMT devices and applications have not been well-received for tracking frontline workers. Lack of understanding of REMT, monitoring data protection and privacy management strategy set a barrier for the monitoring technologies to implement in the construction industry. Privacy has become a critical issue for the future digital construction site. This study adopts the literature review and a questionnaire survey, examined the readiness, summarised effects of REMT applied at the New Zealand construction sites, identified the influence factors, and discovered the theories that will potentially explain the factors and address the potential impact. Communication Privacy Management theory (CPM), Equity Theory (ET) and Control Theory of Privacy (CTP) are reviewed, and a theoretical framework is built upon REMT adoption in the construction sector. In conclusion, future studies are recommended for the international construction entities to get ready to adopt the real-time monitoring tools.
Comparing two AI methods for predicting the future trend of New Zealand building projects: Decision Tree and Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Zavvari A , Jelodar M B , Sutrisna M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The rise of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in many aspects of construction management has helped this industry to further improve the management, design, and planning of construction projects. This trend happens in many construction sectors, including in New Zealand. Whilst relatively smaller compared to construction sectors in other OECD countries, the construction sector in New Zealand carries a similar degree of complexity and with its own unique characteristics. Various studies showed that AI and ML can be used for analysis of construction data to generate further insights and to predict future trends in construction sectors. However, the AI approaches have their own set of challenges such as complexity, high cost of training, failure, and change. Aiming to better understand the trends and requirements of New Zealand building projects, this study started with a review of the existing AI methods that are currently being applied. Accordingly, compare and evaluate the accuracy of two AI prediction methods. The two methods of Decision Tree and Artificial Neural Network are selected based on their predictive power and accuracy. These methods are conducted by using available historical building data which is available on StatsNZ website. A portion of the data is used for testing and evaluation purposes, and the rest of the data is used for training the AI methods. It was identified that the Decision Tree method did not show suitable accuracy for prediction building consents issued data. In comparison, Artificial Neural Network shows a reasonable range with 95% of confidence level. Therefore, this method is applied for building consents issued in New Zealand.
Exploring a Digital Twin Framework for lean management of constraints in construction: A literature review
Authors: Mao Zeyu , Gonzalez Vicente A. , Zou Yang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Construction constraints are conditions or circumstances that impede the standard progress of production tasks in construction projects towards achieving specific production objectives. Construction constraints are highly dynamic and span different domains. Failing to manage constraints on time could result in out of sequence work and suboptimal productivity. As the construction sector embraces digital technologies, an emerging concept, Digital Twin, has been recognised as a potential solution to solve the endemic problems in construction process management. Digital Twin as a virtual model for cyber-physical bi-directional data-driven management and control of the physical counterpart has emerged over the past decade in the manufacturing industry. However, the implementation of Digital Twin in the construction sector is still in its infancy. Hence, there is an opportunity to adopt Digital Twin to enhance the current implementation of constraint management. This paper presents a literature review of constraint management-related studies, aiming to determine the potential constituents of the Digital Twin framework from a dual technological/lean-based perspective. A total of 55 papers published so far were selected using Scopus. The result shows the potential constituents can include: (1) Information technologies, (2) Swarm Intelligence and Genetic Algorithm, (3) Semantic Web, and (4) Lean-based methods. Our study provides valuable insight concerning which technologies could be used to support the development of DT in the construction sector. These findings can serve as a guideline for future researchers in the construction industry to develop their own DT.