bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity evaluation of pore types based on dipole shear sonic imager logs by means of statistical parameters, the central Persian Gulf
Authors: Jamalian Adeleh , Tavakoli Vahid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeterogeneity analysis in carbonate reservoirs is of great importance for the interpretation of their characteristics. This study focuses on the evaluation of pore‐type heterogeneity by means of the sonic wave velocities in the carbonate–evaporite series of Permian–Triassic sequences in the Persian Gulf. Thin section petrography and laboratory measured the porosity and permeability of 1576 samples, as well as routine wire‐line logs, were employed. To manage heterogeneity, six electrofacies (EF) were determined based on an integrated analysis of compressional, shear and Stoneley waves as well as three routine logs (gamma, neutron and density). The frequency of pore types in each electrofacies was calculated. Then, the heterogeneity of pore‐type distribution in each electrofacies was measured by standard error and coefficient of variation. Sonic velocity has been compared with the geological properties of electrofacies. Results indicated that velocity is affected by factors other than the amount of porosity, facies or lithology. The standard error values in all electrofacies were close to zero. The coefficient of variation values ranges from 1.08 to 4.60. The lowest amount of coefficient of variation was observed in EF6 in the Khuff (K) 4 zone for moldic porosity. This value for intercrystalline porosity distribution in EF1 in the K1 zone was low, too. These results indicate the lowest standard deviation and the highest homogeneity in the distribution of intercrystalline and moldic porosities in K1 and K4. Also, comparing the mean values of sonic logs in each electrofacies with the total mean value in the whole sequence indicated that there is a relationship between sonic velocity logs and the type of porosity. High values of sonic velocity correspond to intercrystalline porosity in K1 and low values of velocity correspond to moldic porosity in K4. Results show that integrated pore‐type studies should be carried out to understand the sonic velocities in carbonate reservoir rocks.
Consent, mutuality and respect for persons as standards for ethical sex and for sex education
Authors: Reiss Michael J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article examines Lamb, Gable & de Ruyter's critique of consent as the standard by which one can determine if a sexual encounter is ethical in their ‘Mutuality in sexual relationships: a standard of ethical sex?’. Their examination of this issue is to be welcomed for a number of reasons, including growing criticism of ‘consent’ as the gold standard in medical and social science research ethics. The focus of this article is specifically on school sex education (principally, for 11–16-year-olds). Contrary to Lamb et al., I argue that it is difficult to maintain that ‘The standard of mutuality should be taught in all schools and the government should indeed demand or support this, even with checks to see if children have learned this standard, at least in attitudes about sexual behavior’ for three reasons. First, while there are good arguments in favour of school children being introduced to the ideal of mutuality, it seems too high a bar to require children to ‘have learned’—a phrase that can be taken to mean to ‘have come to accept’ rather than merely to ‘understand’—this; consent is a more appropriate requirement and is itself a sufficiently rich term that it merits analysis by students, aided by their teachers. Second, my judgement as a sex educator is that sex education is more effective when students are given the opportunity to explore what is good and what is right, rather than simply being told. Third, if we have to adopt a single principle, there is much to be said for ‘respect for others’ to trump both ‘consent’ and ‘mutuality’.
Perceived benefits of geriatric specialty telemedicine among rural patients and caregivers
Authors: Dryden Eileen M. , Kennedy Meaghan A. , Conti Jennifer , Boudreau Jacqueline H. , Anwar Chitra P. , Nearing Kathryn , Pimentel Camilla B. , Hung William W. , Moo Lauren R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveExplore the perceived benefits of a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) geriatric specialty telemedicine service (GRECC Connect) among rural, older patients and caregivers to contribute to an assessment of its quality and value.Data SourcesIn Spring 2021, we interviewed a geographically diverse sample of rural, older patients and their caregivers who participated in GRECC Connect telemedicine visits.Study DesignA cross‐sectional qualitative study focused on patient and caregiver experiences with telemedicine, including perceived benefits and challenges.Data CollectionWe conducted 30 semi‐structured qualitative interviews with rural, older (≥65) patients enrolled in the VHA and their caregivers via videoconference or phone. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a rapid qualitative analysis approach.Principal FindingsParticipants described geriatric specialty telemedicine visits focused on cognitive assessments, tailored physical therapy, medication management, education on disease progression, support for managing multiple comorbidities, and suggestions to improve physical functioning. Participants reported that, in addition to prescribing medications and ordering tests, clinicians expedited referrals, coordinated care, and listened to and validated both patient and caregiver concerns. Perceived benefits included improved patient health; increased patient and caregiver understanding and confidence around symptom management; and greater feelings of empowerment, hopefulness, and support. Challenges included difficulty accessing some recommended programs and services, uncertainty related to instructions or follow‐up, and not receiving as much information or treatment as desired. The content of visits was well aligned with the domains of the Age‐Friendly Health Systems and Geriatric 5Ms frameworks (Medication, Mentation, Mobility, what Matters most, and Multi‐complexity).ConclusionsAlignment of patient and caregiver experiences with widely‐used models of comprehensive geriatric care indicates that high‐quality geriatric care can be provided through virtual modalities. Additional work is needed to develop strategies to address challenges and optimize and expand access to geriatric specialty telemedicine.
Genome‐wide identification, classification, and expression profiling of serine esterases and other esterase‐related proteins in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta
Authors: Miao Zelong , Xiong Chao , Cao Xiaolong , Shan Tisheng , Jin Qiao , Jiang Haobo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSerine esterases (SEs) are hydrolases that catalyze the conversion of carboxylic esters into acids and alcohols. Lipases and carboxylesterases constitute two major groups of SEs. Although over a hundred of insect genomes are known, systematic identification and classification of SEs are rarely performed, likely due to large size and complex composition of the gene family in each species. Considering their key roles in lipid metabolism and other physiological processes, we have categorized 144 M. sexta SEs and SE homologs (SEHs), 114 of which contain a motif of GXSXG. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis have revealed 39 neutral lipases (NLs), 3 neutral lipase homologs (NLHs), 11 acidic lipases (ALs), 3 acidic lipase homologs (ALHs), a lipase‐3, a triglyceride lipase, a monoglyceride lipase, a hormone‐sensitive lipase, and a GDSL lipase. Eighty‐three carboxylesterase genes encode 29 α‐esterases (AEs), 12 AEHs (e.g., SEH4‐1–3), 20 feruloyl esterases (FEs), 2 FEHs, 2 β‐esterases (BEs), 2 integument esterases (IEs), 1 IEH, 4 juvenile hormone esterases, 2 acetylcholinesterases, gliotactin, 6 neuroligins, neurotactin, and an uncharacteristic esterase homolog. In addition to these GXSXG proteins, we have identified 26 phospholipases and 13 thioesterases. Expression profiling of these genes in specific tissues and stages has provided insights into their functions including digestion, detoxification, hormone processing, neurotransmission, reproduction, and developmental regulation. In summary, we have established a framework of information on SEs and related proteins in M. sexta to stimulate their research in the model species and comparative investigations in agricultural pests or disease vectors.
BmCaspase‐8‐like regulates autophagy by suppressing BmDREDD‐mediated cleavage of BmATG6
Authors: Sun Chang , Wei Dongmei , Pan Yumeng , Xiao Xiaoyi , Wang Fei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAutophagy plays an important role in tissue remodeling during insect development. The interplay between autophagy‐related (ATG) proteins and caspases regulates the autophagic activity of ATGs, thereby modulating the process of autophagy. Our previous study characterized BmCaspase‐8‐like (BmCasp8L) as a caspase suppressor that inhibits apoptosis and immune signaling by suppressing the activation of death‐related ced‐3/Nedd2‐like caspase (DREDD), a caspase‐8 homolog in silkworm. In this study, we explored the regulatory role of BmCasp8L in autophagy. We found that the expression of Bmcasp8l increased from the late spinning stage to the pupa stage in the posterior silk gland (PSG), correlating with the expression patterns of Bmatg8 and Bmatg6. RNA interference‐mediated downregulation of BmCasp8L expression significantly decreased starvation‐induced autophagic influx as determined by the levels of BmATG8–phosphatidylethanolamine and the percentage of cells displaying punctate enhanced green fluorescent protein‐BmATG8. Conversely, the overexpression of BmCasp8L significantly increased autophagic influx. We also found that BmCasp8L underwent autophagic degradation induced by starvation and that it was colocalized with BmATG8. Lastly, we demonstrated that BmDREDD attenuated autophagy and BmCasp8L suppressed BmDREDD‐mediated cleavage of BmATG6. Taken together, our results demonstrated that BmCasp8L is a novel proautophagic molecule which suppresses BmDREDD‐mediated cleavage of BmATG6 and is a target for autophagy.
The bacterial signature offers vision into the machinery of coral fitness across high‐latitude coral reef in the South China Sea
Authors: Mohamed Hala F. , Abd‐Elgawad Amro , Cai Rongshuo , Luo Zhaohe , Xu Changan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCoral–bacterial interaction is a major driver in coral acclimatization to the stressful environment. 16S rRNA High‐throughput sequencing was used to classify the role of different coral reef compartments; sediment, water, and tissue; in the South China Sea (SCS), as well as different locations in shaping the microbial community. The majority of OTUs significantly shifted at impacted sites and indicated distinction in the relative abundance of bacteria compartment/site‐wise. Richness and diversity were higher, and more taxa were enriched in the sediment communities. Proteobacteria dominated sediment samples, while Cyanobacteria dominated water samples. Coral tissue showed a shift among different sites with Proteobacteria remaining the dominant Phylum. Moreover, we report a dominance of Chlorobium genus in the healthy coral tissue sample collected from the severely damaged Site B, suggesting a contribution to tolerance and adaptation to the disturbing environment. Thus, revealing the complex functionally diverse microbial patterns associated with biotic and abiotic disturbed coral reefs will deliver understanding of the symbiotic connections and competitive benefit inside the hosts niche and can reveal a measurable footprint of the environmental impacts on coral ecosystems. We hence, urge scientists to draw more attention towards using coral microbiome as a self‐sustaining tool in coral restoration.
Impact of vaping restrictions in public places on smoking and vaping in the United States—evidence using a difference‐in‐differences approach
Authors: Cheng Kai‐Wen , Liu Feng , Pesko Michael F. , Levy David T. , Fong Geoffrey T. , Cummings K. Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo estimate whether and to what extent extending indoor smoking restrictions to include electronic cigarettes (ECs) impact the use of ECs and cigarette smoking among adults in the United States.DesignObservational study using a linear probability model and applying a difference‐in‐differences analysis.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsPeople aged 18–54 who lived in US counties where comprehensive indoor smoking laws in bars, restaurants and private work‐places have been in place prior to 2010 (n = 45 111 for EC use analysis, n = 75 959 for cigarette use analysis).MeasurementsData on cigarette smoking, use of ECs and place of residence from the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey (TUS‐CPS 2010–11, 2014–15 and 2018–19) were combined with the American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation (ANRF) database of state and local indoor smoking and vaping restriction laws.FindingsIndoor vaping restriction (IVR) coverage was not significantly associated with the likelihood of adult EC use [coefficient estimate = 0.001; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.009, 0.013, P‐value = 0.783]. In addition, IVR coverage was not significantly associated with adult cigarette smoking (coefficient estimate = −0.00; 95% CI = −0.016, 0.015, P‐value = 0.954). The non‐significant results appeared in different socio‐demographic subgroups.ConclusionsIVRs do not appear to decrease electronic cigarette use among US adults. There is no evidence that IVRs increase or decrease cigarette smoking among US adults.
Effect of high‐flow nasal oxygen on hypoxaemia during procedural sedation: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Thiruvenkatarajan V. , Sekhar V. , Wong D. T. , Currie J. , Van Wijk R. , Ludbrook G. L. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryWe conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effect of high‐flow nasal oxygen and conventional oxygen therapy during procedural sedation amongst adults and children. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL for randomised controlled trials that reported the effects of high‐flow nasal oxygen during procedural sedation. The primary outcome measure was hypoxaemia and the secondary outcomes were minimum oxygen saturation; hypercarbia; requirement for airway manoeuvres; and procedure interruptions. The quality of evidence was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk‐of bias tool and grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE). Nineteen randomised controlled trials (4121 patients) including three in children were included. Administration of high‐flow nasal oxygen reduced hypoxaemia, risk ratio (95%CI) 0.37 (0.24–0.56), p < 0.001; minor airway manoeuvre requirements, risk ratio (95%CI) 0.26 (0.11–0.59), p < 0.001; procedural interruptions, risk ratio (95%CI) 0.17 (0.05–0.53), p = 0.002; and increased minimum oxygen saturation, mean difference (95%CI) 4.1 (2.70–5.50), p < 0.001; as compared with the control group. High‐flow nasal oxygen had no impact on hypercarbia, risk ratio (95%CI) 1.24 (0.97–1.58), p = 0.09, I2 = 0%. High‐flow nasal oxygen reduced the incidence of hypoxaemia regardless of the procedure involved, degree of fractional inspired oxygen, risk‐profile of patients and mode of propofol administration. The evidence was ascertained as moderate for all outcomes except for procedure interruptions. In summary, high‐flow nasal oxygen compared with conventional oxygenation techniques reduced the risk of hypoxaemia, increased minimum oxygen saturation and reduced the requirement for airway manoeuvres. High‐flow nasal oxygen should be considered in patients at risk of hypoxaemia during procedural sedation.
Significance of detailed hematological parameters as markers of arteriogenic erectile dysfunction
Authors: Liu Guodong , Zhang Yuyang , Zhang Wei , Wu Xu , Huang Houbao , Jiang Hui , Zhang Xiansheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeveral hematologic parameters have been shown to be strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, yet few studies were conducted to assess their relationship with atherogenic erectile dysfunction.ObjectivesTo find out the differences in hematological parameters between patients with atherogenic erectile dysfunction and healthy controls through as comprehensive a hematological examination as possible and try to assess and predict atherogenic erectile dysfunction using possible indicators.Materials and methodsWe collected hematological parameters in detail from 105 healthy controls and 183 patients with erectile dysfunction (119 patients with atherogenic erectile dysfunction patients and 64 patients with venous erectile dysfunction) who were selected by nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity and color duplex doppler ultrasound.ResultsStatistically significant differences were found between the atherogenic erectile dysfunction and venous erectile dysfunction groups in platelet to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume (all p < 0.01). When comparing atherogenic erectile dysfunction with the healthy population, we found statistically significant differences between the two groups in white blood cell, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, p < 0.01; white blood cell, p = 0.024; non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, p = 0.036). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio had the highest diagnostic value (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio: area under the curve = 0.810, p < 0.001, cut‐off = 1.995; platelet to lymphocyte ratio: area under the curve = 0.782, p < 0.001, cut‐off = 126.3).ConclusionSeveral hematological parameters (white blood cell, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, mean platelet volume, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol) can be considered markers of atherogenic erectile dysfunction, while these parameters were not significantly different in venous erectile dysfunction compared to healthy subjects. This suggests that hematological examinations may be a convenient and effective method to help evaluate and diagnose atherogenic erectile dysfunction.
An interdisciplinary perspective on private sector engagement in cross‐sector partnerships: Thewhy,where, andhow
Authors: Sdunzik Jennifer , Bampoh Daniel K. , Sinfield Joseph V. , McDavid Lindley , Burgess Daniel , Burgess Wilella D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPrivate sector engagement (PSE) is increasingly acknowledged in both literature and practice as a necessary mechanism to sustainably address development challenges. Despite increased practitioner and academic interest in these partnerships, there have been negligible attempts to systematically investigate cross‐sector partnerships to distill best practices from the multiple environments in which they are employed. This manuscript presents a robust review of the social science and business literatures on cross‐sector partnerships, yielding an interdisciplinary, evidence‐based framework detailing archetypes of three prominent partnership characteristics of purpose, context, and relationship enablers. This work integrates a wide range of best practices and values pertinent to businesses and society, enabling researchers, practitioners, and partnership managers to characterize and evaluate partnerships systematically. The introduced framework also enables partners to situate and evaluate their partnership activities to optimize outcomes for each partner and impact on the challenge at hand.
Moving beyond the business case for female leaders: A longitudinal panel study of the impact of female leadership on corporate social responsibility
Authors: Tichenor John , Green Alan , West Jessica , Croom Randall 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines the impact of female leadership on corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices in publicly traded corporations. Our analysis finds that female leadership matters. For example, female leadership at the board level increases the likelihood of having a female CEO and the overall percentage of women executives in firms. The study measures CSR practices using the Thomson Reuters corporate responsibility ratings (TRCRR) from the Thomson Reuters ASSET4 database for 1242 firms over a 7‐year period, from 2009 to 2015. Panel regression estimates indicate that board gender diversity (BGD) has a positive impact on CSR, while two other measures of female leadership (presence of female CEO and percentage of female executives) were largely insignificant. We perform our analysis in the context of upper echelons theory and expand on recent studies of the impact of female leadership on CSR practices by using a different and a larger data set than previous research studies.
Health‐related quality of life in adolescents with cerebral palsy; a cross‐sectional and longitudinal population‐based study
Authors: Larsen Selma Mujezinović , Terjesen Terje , Jahnsen Reidun B. , Diseth Trond H. , Ramstad Kjersti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThe aims of this population‐based cross‐sectional and longitudinal study were to investigate different aspects of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP), to define possible changes in HRQoL from childhood to adolescence and to identify factors associated with low HRQoL in adolescence.MethodsProxy‐reports of 64 adolescents, aged 12–17 years, with bilateral CP in GMFCS levels III‐V participating in a surveillance programme, included five of the six domains from the HRQoL instrument Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD): (1) Activities of Daily Living and Personal Care, (2) Positioning, Transfer and Mobility, (3) Comfort and Emotions, (5) General Health and (6) Overall Quality of Life, and the two questions on pain from the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). Fifty‐eight participants comprised the longitudinal sample.ResultsFrom childhood to adolescence, the mean CPCHILD domain scores decreased slightly in General Health and remained unchanged in the other four domains. In the domain General Health, the number of medications increased, which was the reason for the score decrease. Pain severity increased significantly. Severe motor impairment was associated with low scores in domains 1, 2, 3 and 5, and more severe pain with low scores in domains 2, 3, 5 and 6. A low domain score in childhood was associated with a low score in each corresponding domain in adolescence.InterpretationAn assessment of HRQoL should be included in CP surveillance programmes because this could identify needs for interventions in individuals with severe CP. This study indicates the importance of improved pain management in both children and adolescents with severe CP.