bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the histological assessment following ridge preservation using a composite bovine‐derived xenograft versus an alloplast hydroxyapatite‐sugar cross‐linked collagen matrix
Authors: Casarez‐Quintana Alicia , Mealey Brian L. , Kotsakis Georgios , Palaiologou Archontia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the histological wound healing and alveolar ridge dimensional changes following ridge preservation using two different xenograft/collagen matrices.MethodsFifty‐four patients each with non‐molar teeth that required extraction and replacement with dental implants were enrolled. Teeth extractions were completed with minimal flap reflection and were randomized to receive ridge preservation with either 90% bovine‐derived xenograft granules in a 10% porcine collagen matrix (Group A) or a sponge‐like matrix of 80% microparticulate hydroxyapatite alloplast graft with 20% sugar cross‐linked porcine type 1 collagen (Group B). After 16 weeks of healing and at the time of implant placement, a bone core biopsy was harvested followed by dental implant placement. The primary histological outcome evaluated were percentage of vital bone formation and connective tissue/other (fibrous tissue and marrow space). Secondary outcomes included the change in alveolar ridge width and the buccal and lingual ridge height. Statistical analysis was completed with two‐sample t‐test and Fisher exact test.ResultsForty‐four patients completed the study, 23 in group A and 21 in group B. Group B presented with statistically significantly (p = 0.02) more percentage of vital bone (39.3 ± 17.8) than group A (26.8 ± 15.8). No statistically significant difference was observed for changes in alveolar ridge dimensions.ConclusionsGroup B, when used for ridge preservation, yields statistically significantly more vital bone over a 4‐month healing period. Ridge dimension changes were similar between the two groups and were adequate for implant placement.
Risk factors for metachronous peritoneal carcinomatosis after radical resection for patients with nonmetastatic pT3‐4 colon cancer
Authors: Mo Tai‐Wei , Zhang Zong‐Jin , Chen Yong‐Le , Huang Jun‐Hua , Su Dan , Song Wen‐Li , Hu Jian‐Cong , He Xiao‐Wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with nonmetastatic pT3‐4 colon cancers are prone to develop metachronous peritoneal carcinomatosis (mPC). Risk factors for mPC and the influence of mutant kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS)/neuroblastoma rat sarcoma (NRAS)/v‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status on mPC remain to be described in these patients.MethodAll enrolled patients were identified from the prospectively collected colorectal cancer database of a tertiary referral hospital between 2013 and 2018. Multivariate analysis was used to identify risk factors associated with mPC.ResultsOf the 1689 patients with nonmetastatic pT3‐4 colon carcinoma, 8.4% (142/1689) progressed to mPC. Endoscopic obstruction (HR = 3.044, p < 0.001), elevated CA125 (HR = 1.795, p = 0.009), pT (T4a vs. T3, HR = 2.745, p < 0.001; T4b vs. T3, HR = 3.167, p = 0.001), pN (N1 vs. N0, HR = 2.592, p < 0.001; N2 vs. N0, HR = 4.049, p < 0.001), less than 12 lymph nodes harvested (HR = 2.588, p < 0.001), mucinous or signet ring cell carcinoma (HR = 1.648, p = 0.038), perineural invasion (HR = 1.984, p < 0.001), and adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 1.522, p = 0.039) were strongly related to mPC but that mutant KRAS/NRAS/BRAF and MMR status was not associated with mPC.ConclusionThis study identified the high‐risk factors for mPC in patients with nonmetastatic pT3‐4 colon carcinoma, and these factors should be considered in selective preventive therapy and close follow‐up for patients subsequently deemed to have high risk for mPC.
Pericellular heparan sulfate proteoglycans: Role in regulating the biosynthetic response of nucleus pulposus cells to osmotic loading
Authors: Krull Carly M. , Rife Jordan , Klamer Brett , Purmessur Devina , Walter Benjamin A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundDaily physiologic loading causes fluctuations in hydration of the intervertebral disc (IVD); thus, the embedded cells experience cyclic alterations to their osmotic environment. These osmotic fluctuations have been described as a mechanism linking mechanics and biology, and have previously been shown to promote biosynthesis in chondrocytes. However, this phenomenon has yet to be fully interrogated in the IVD. Additionally, the specialized extracellular matrix surrounding the cells, the pericellular matrix (PCM), transduces the biophysical signals that cells ultimately experience. While it is known that the PCM is altered in disc degeneration, whether it disrupts normal osmotic mechanotransduction has yet to be determined. Thus, our objectives were to assess: (1) whether dynamic osmotic conditions stimulate biosynthesis in nucleus pulposus cells, and (2) whether pericellular heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) modulate the biosynthetic response to osmotic loading.MethodsBovine nucleus pulposus cells isolated with retained PCM were encapsulated in 1.5% alginate beads and treated with or without heparinase III, an enzyme that degrades the pericellular HSPGs. Beads were subjected to 1 h of daily iso‐osmotic, hyper‐osmotic, or hypo‐osmotic loading for 1, 2, or 4 weeks. At each timepoint the total amount of extracellular and pericellular sGAG/DNA were quantified. Additionally, whether osmotic loading triggered alterations to HSPG sulfation was assessed via immunohistochemistry for the heparan sulfate 6‐O‐sulfertransferase 1 (HS6ST1) enzyme.ResultsOsmotic loading significantly influenced sGAG/DNA accumulation with a hyper‐osmotic change promoting the greatest sGAG/DNA accumulation in the pericellular region compared with iso‐osmotic conditions. Heparanase‐III treatment significantly reduced extracellular sGAG/DNA but pericellular sGAG was not affected. HS6ST1 expression was not affected by osmotic loading.ConclusionResults suggest that hyper‐osmotic loading promotes matrix synthesis and that modifications to HSPGs directly influence the metabolic responses of cells to osmotic fluctuations. Collectively, results suggest degeneration‐associated modifications to pericellular HSPGs may contribute to the altered mechanobiology observed in disease.
Determination of the polyphenolic content of Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson and Durieu by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and evaluation of the antioxidant and antiglycation properties
Authors: Selama Ginane , Cadi Hafssa El , Ramdan Btissam , Majdoub Yassine Oulad El , Dugo Paola , Mondello Luigi , Cacciola Francesco , Nhiri Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Ammodaucus leucotrichus Cosson and Durieu, known as Sahara cumin, is a plant belonging to the Apiaceae family with a very strong smell of anise growing in the maritime sands in the countries of North Africa. The present work aims to study the polyphenolic profile of its seeds hydroalcoholic extract along with the determination of the antioxidant and antiglycation properties. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of 16 compounds, out of which 15 have been detected in this extract for the first time. Luteolin‐glucoside turned out to be the most abundant one (281.32 ± 0.34 mg/kg), followed by apigenin‐hexoside (235.06 ± 0.29 mg/kg) and luteolin (202.41 ± 0.40 mg/kg). In terms of antioxidant activity, a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration value as high as 0.39 ± 0.003 mg AAE/ml (w/v) was attained. Further, the antiglycation activity was determined to yield interesting results: at a concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, the extract showed an antiglycation activity (%I) of 61.86 compared to metformin as a positive control (%I = 84.01); on the other hand, increasing the concentration to 10 mg/ml, the inhibition activity switched to advanced glycation end products formation activation (%I = 41.71).
A fast and efficient method to introduce apple latent spherical virus to legume plants via Agrobacterium rhizogenes‐mediated transformation of hairy roots
Authors: Xiong Ruyi , Wang Aiming , Marsolais Frédéric , Todd Christopher D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVirus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a functional genomics tool used to determine the function of unknown genes or assess the impact of gene silencing on plant phenotype. However, VIGS methods for analyzing gene function are not equally efficient across species, and virus inoculation is difficult for some legume species. We describe a fast and efficient inoculation method using Agrobacterium rhizogenes K599 harboring an apple latent spherical virus (ALSV) full‐length cDNA clone. Pisum sativum cv. AAC Lacombe and Lens culinaris cv. CDC Viceroy showed silencing rates of 100% and 47.7%, respectively, within 30 days starting from seed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of virus inoculation by A. rhizogenes‐mediated introduction to legume plants. This work paves the way for high throughput gene function screening in Pisum sativum and other closely related legume crops using ALSV as a symptomless VIGS vector.
Aquatic particulate absorption coefficient combining extraction and bleaching optimized for inland waters
Authors: Cremella Bruno , Bélanger Simon , Huot Yannick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe particulate absorption coefficient is one of the fundamental inherent optical properties describing interactions of light with material in water. Its spectral properties contain important information about chemical and biological constituents. It is often partitioned into algal and non‐algal fractions which provide useful information describing phytoplankton. Particulate absorption coefficient has been routinely measured in the ocean particularly to calibrate remote sensing algorithms. However, the methods to measure marine algal and non‐algal absorbing fractions might fail in freshwaters due to difficulties extracting green‐algae pigments and cyanobacterial phycocyanin and the high organic content of the non‐algal particles, making direct bleaching biased. In this work, we describe a method with sequential extraction, bleaching, and post‐processing to obtain unbiased pigments and non‐algal absorption fractions in freshwater environments, and we compare it against the resulting fractions obtained by only extraction or bleaching, using samples collected from 649 lakes across Canada. The resulting non‐algal particles spectra from our method appear free of interfering pigments while maintaining spectral shapes, as verified by the higher correlation coefficient between the 400 and 700 nm exponential coefficient (S, often referred to as slope) of the non‐algal particles spectra and the organic fraction of total suspended solids, and by having a better correlation between the ratio of absorption coefficient of phytoplankton at 620 and 676 nm and cyanobacterial biomass percentage. Overall, this method solves the two problems in freshwater particulate absorption partitioning associated with (1) unextracted pigments with methanol extraction methods and (2) bias introduced to non‐algal absorption spectra from NaOH bleaching.
Polymers with Pendant Water‐Soluble Tetrafluorobenzene Sulfonic Acid Activated Esters: Synthesis, Stability, and Use for Glycopolymers in Water
Authors: Tsuji Sotaro , Kobayashi Kazuma , Fujii Toshiki , Imoto Hiroaki , Naka Kensuke , Aso Yuji , Ohara Hitomi , Tanaka Tomonari 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFunctional polymers can be synthesized via post‐polymerization modification with pendant‐activated ester groups on their backbones. There are, however, few reports on polymers bearing water‐soluble activated ester groups, as they are unstable in water. Herein, novel monomers and polymers bearing water‐soluble tetrafluorobenzene sulfonic acid (sulfoTFB) activated ester groups are reported. The corresponding sulfoTFB‐bearing polymers are successfully synthesized via controlled radical polymerization. The stabilities of the sulfoTFB‐bearing monomers and polymers are significantly improved by the introduction of an alkanediyl linker into sulfoTFB. The stability of sulfoTFB is found to be significantly improved when the linker is longer than a butanediyl linker, increasing in line with the length of the alkanediyl linker. The resulting sulfoTFB‐bearing polymer is used for synthesizing oligosaccharide‐grafted glycopolymers, which binds to lectin with high binding affinity, via post‐polymerization modification in water. This study thus details the preparation, investigation, and use of novel polymers with pendant water‐soluble sulfoTFB groups for post‐polymerization modification in water.
Nanostructure Control of an Antibiotic‐Based Polyion Complex Using a Series of Polycations with Different Side‐Chain Modification Rates
Authors: Ahmad Asmariah , Nii Teruki , Mori Takeshi , Katayama Yoshiki , Toyofuku Masanori , Kishimura Akihiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeveloping nanovehicles for delivering antibiotics is a promising approach to overcome the issue of antibiotic resistance. This study aims to utilize a polyion complex (PICs) system for developing novel nanovehicles for polymyxin‐type antibiotics, which are known as last resort drugs. The formation of antibiotic‐based PIC nanostructures is investigated using colistimethate sodium (CMS), an anionic cyclic short peptide, and a series of block catiomers bearing different amounts of guanidinium moieties on their side chains. In addition, only the modified catiomer, and not the unmodified catiomer, self‐assembles with CMS, implying the importance of the guanidine moieties for enhancing the interaction between the catiomer and CMS via the formation of multivalent hydrogen bonding. Moreover, micellar and vesicular PIC nanostructures are selectively formed depending on the ratio of the guanidine residues. Size‐exclusion chromatography reveals that the encapsulation efficiency of CMS is dependent on the guanidinium modification ratio. The antimicrobial activity of the PIC nanostructures is also confirmed, indicating that the complexation of CMS in the PICs and further release from the PICs successfully occurs.
Next‐generation sequencing in identification of pathogenic variants in primary hyperoxaluria among 21 Egyptian families: Identification of two novel AGXT gene mutations
Authors: Ahmed Hoda A. , Fadel Fatina I. , Abdel Mawla Mohamed A. , Salah Doaa M. , Fathallah Mohamed Gamal , Amr Khalda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare heterogeneous, autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism. It is characterized by excessive hepatic production of oxalate resulting in a wide spectrum of clinical, imaging, and functional presentation. The characteristic features of PH comprise of recurrent urolithiasis, renal stones, and/or nephrocalcinosis. Three known types of PH have been identified PH1, PH2, and PH3. Pathogenic variants in AGXT, GRHPR, and HOGA1 cause the phenotypic expression of PH.MethodsIn this study, we describe the clinical and genetic findings of 22 patients from 21 unrelated Egyptian families with the distinctive clinical features of PH. A thorough clinical evaluation followed by an NGS custom panel of AGXT, GRHPR, and HOGA1 genes was done.ResultsTwo novel mutations (p.Gly27Glu and p.Gln256Serfs*17) and six previously reported mutations (p.Lys12Glnfs*156, p.Lys12Argfs*34, p.Ile244Thr, p.Asn22Ser, p.Pro11Leu, and p.Ile340Met) were identified in AGXT gene. The NGS panel results were validated thereafter using Sanger sequencing.ConclusionOur results extend the number of AGXT mutations identified so far and emphasize the important role of genetic testing in providing proper counseling and patients management.
Usefulness and prognostic value of diagnostic tests in patients with possible chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Thirouin Jeanne , Petiot Philippe , Antoine Jean‐Christophe , André‐Obadia Nathalie , Convers Philippe , Gavoille Antoine , Bouhour Françoise , Rheims Sylvain , Camdessanché Jean‐Philippe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsRecent guidelines define chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and possible CIDP. The aims of our study were to evaluate the value of diagnostic tests to support the diagnosis of CIDP in patients with possible CIDP and to identify prognostic factors of therapeutic success.MethodsWe conducted an observational retrospective two‐center study between 2014 and 2019. We selected patients with a clinical presentation suggesting CIDP, but whose electrodiagnostic (EDX) test results did not meet the EFNS/PNS 2021 criteria. We analyzed epidemiologic and clinical features, axonal loss on EDX, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), plexus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nerve biopsy, and therapeutic response.ResultsWe selected 75 patients, among whom 30 (40%) responded to treatment. The positivity rates of CSF analysis, MRI and SSEPs were not influenced by the clinical presentation or by the delay between symptom onset and medical assessment. A high protein level in CSF, female gender, and a relapsing–remitting course predicted the therapeutic response.DiscussionIt is important to properly diagnose suspected CIDP not meeting EFNS/PNS 2021 EDX criteria by using supportive criteria. Specific epidemiological factors and a raised CSF protein level predict a response to treatment. Further prospective studies are needed to improve diagnosis and the prognostic value of diagnostic tests in CIDP.
One‐year follow‐up of disease burden and medication changes in patients with myasthenia gravis: From the MG Patient Registry
Authors: Lee Ikjae , Leach Justin M. , Aban Inmaculada , McPherson Tarrant , Duda Petra W. , Cutter Gary 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsWe studied the progression of myasthenia gravis (MG) disease burden and medication adjustment among MG Patient Registry participants.MethodsParticipants diagnosed with MG (age ≥18 years), registered between July 1, 2013 and July 31, 2018 and completing both 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up surveys, were included in this investigation. Participants were grouped into high‐burden (Myasthenia Gravis Activity of Daily Living scale [MG‐ADL] score ≥6) and low‐burden (MG‐ADL <6) groups based on MG‐ADL scores at enrollment. Demographics and disease history were compared between groups. MG‐ADL score change and medication changes (escalation, no change, de‐escalation) between enrollment and 12‐month follow‐up were compared between groups. Minimal symptom expression (MSE, MG‐ADL <2) at 12 months was compared between groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to study factors associated with MSE at 12 months.ResultsIn total, 520 participants (56% female) were included in high‐burden (n = 248) and low‐burden (n = 272) groups. Those in the high‐burden group were more likely to be younger, female, and have shorter disease duration. At 12 months, MSE was achieved in 6% of the high‐burden group and newly achieved (42 of 201, 21%) or maintained (52 of 71, 73%) in the low‐burden group. In the multivariable analysis, being in the high‐burden group and use of pyridostigmine were associated with less likelihood of MSE, whereas MG‐ADL score improvement (>2 or >20%) at 6 months significantly increased the likelihood of achieving MSE at 12 months (P = .0004).DiscussionIn both groups, but more so in the high‐burden group, patients infrequently achieved MSE after 1 year of MG treatment. Baseline low disease burden, improvement at 6 months and no pyridostigmine use were associated with a higher likelihood of MSE at 12 months.
Therapeutic dentistry in prehistoric Maryland—New analyses from the Hughes (18MO1) archeological site
Authors: Nase John B. , Kollmann Dana D. , Dikin Dmitriy A. , Montoya Carolina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLate Woodland period prehistoric human remains recovered from the Hughes site (18MO1) in the 1930s were only recently submitted for bioarcheological analysis. These remains represent 20 individuals exhibiting varying degrees of preservation and representation. Among the remains are several teeth suspected of undergoing antemortem dental modification. All of the examined dental cavitations were deep, and some show excavation all the way to the pulp. Dental remains representing three individuals (two adult females and a child) were examined to define etiology of altered occlusal cavitations in these teeth. The findings provide evidence of prehistoric, therapeutic dentistry in the Middle Atlantic region of the eastern United States. Two mandibles and a maxillary right dental quadrant representing three individuals were analyzed utilizing radiographs, visible and alternate light source macro photography, and scanning electron microscopy in three modes of detection. All three specimens showed signs of both radial and concentric tool marks to varying degrees in both enamel and dentin borders of carious lesions. The shape of the cavitations do not follow normal pathological patterns of undisturbed occlusal decay in teeth. Further, evidence is presented that the excavative tool motion changes from rotational drilling to radial scooping the further posterior the cavitation is located in the oral cavity. Lastly, it is proposed that the reason for these modifications was therapeutic dentistry.
Revisiting the role of civic organizations in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan: Confidence, membership, and democratic practice
Authors: Moldogaziev Temirlan T. , Witko Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn many emerging and authoritarian countries, civil society organizations that focus on political or sensitive policy issues are being cracked down upon, while service‐oriented ones are given a relatively greater ability to operate. What might the consequence of this be for democratic practice given the important role civic organizations play in this process? We examine this question by considering whether the absence of confidence in a country's governing institutions is related to membership in service‐rather than governance‐focused civic organizations, and how such membership is associated with elite‐challenging, political activities in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. We find that individuals who have no confidence in state institutions are less likely to seek membership in governance‐focused civic organizations, but not necessarily in service‐focused ones. At the same time, membership in both types of civic organizations is associated with participation in political activities, while beliefs that a country is run democratically decreases it. This suggests that a variety of civic organizational types, even those without an explicit governance‐focus, contingent on perceptions of democratic governance and other covariates held constant, enhance democratic practice.