bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between irregular diet and risk of esophageal cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Guan Jiayun , Pan Xixin , Ruan Shenghang , He Xiaopeng , Xu Yuhao , Rong Xiaoxiang , Ou Yanhua 
Published: October 2022

Background: Associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer remain unclear. The current meta-analysis was performed to determine whether the presence of irregular diet increases the risk of esophageal cancer.Methods: The data from PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, and Embase up to 23 January 2022 were included in our analysis to identify studies that investigated associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer. Summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.Results: Five cohort studies and one case-control study investigating associations between irregular diet and the risk of esophageal cancer were included. None of the articles demonstrated publication bias. The summary RR was 4.181 (95% CI 2.196–7.960, I2 = 66.1%, p = 0.011). In the subgroup analysis, we found significant heterogeneity in the Non-disease-causing group, nurse group and Asian group. The above three that produce heterogeneity may be the source of heterogeneity in the results of this study.Conclusion: The current meta-analysis indicates that irregular diet increase the risk of esophageal cancer.Trial registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/), (PROSPERO, CRD42022306407)
Analysis of ancient and modern horse genomes reveals the critical impact of lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation on horse domestication
Authors: Xu Baoyan , Yang Guixian , Jiao Baowei , Zhu Hao 
Published: October 2022

Background: The domestication of horses has played critical roles in human civilizations. The excavation of ancient horse DNA provides crucial data for studying horse domestication. Studies of horse domestication can shed light on the general mechanisms of animal domestication.Objective: We wish to explore the gene transcription regulation by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that influence horse domestication.Methods: First, we assembled the ancient DNA sequences of multiple horses at different times and the genomes of horses, donkeys, and Przewalski horses. Second, we extracted sequences of lncRNA genes shared in ancient horses and sequences of lncRNA genes and the promoter regions of domestication-critical genes shared in modern horses, modern donkeys, and Przewalski horses to form two sample groups. Third, we used the LongTarget program to predict potential regulatory interactions between these lncRNAs and these domestication-critical genes and analyzed the differences between the regulation in ancient/modern horses and between horses/donkeys/Przewalski horses. Fourth, we performed functional enrichment analyses of genes that exhibit differences in epigenetic regulation.Results: First, genes associated with neural crest development and domestication syndrome are important targets of lncRNAs. Second, compared with undomesticated Przewalski horses, more lncRNAs participate in the epigenetic regulation in modern horses and donkeys, suggesting that domestication is linked to more epigenetic regulatory changes. Third, lncRNAs’ potential target genes in modern horses are mainly involved in two functional areas: 1) the nervous system, behavior, and cognition, and 2) muscle, body size, cardiac function, and metabolism.Conclusion: Domestication is linked to substantial epigenetic regulatory changes. Genes associated with neural crest development and domestication syndrome underwent noticeable lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation changes during horse domestication.
PSG7 indicates that age at diagnosis is associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma: A study based on the cancer genome atlas data
Authors: Tian Tianjie , Zhang Zixiong , Chen Ting 
Published: October 2022

The age of the patients at diagnosis (age at diagnosis) is a self-contained element of danger for the prognosis of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), which has been well recognized and continuously adopted by the international cancer staging system. However, few studies have investigated its intrinsic mechanisms. In this study, we aim to comprehensively reveal the age-related pathogenesis of PTC and identify potential prognostic biomarkers. We divided the samples into two groups, young and elderly, to filter differentially expressed genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), with an age of 55 years serving as a cutoff. Moreover, we combined univariate, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses to construct age-related signatures for predicting progression-free survival. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, differential expression analysis, clinicopathological correlation analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis were performed in different risk subgroups and expression subgroups. We screened 88 upregulated genes and 58 downregulated genes. Both the LASSO regression model that is validated in TCGA and the model of six age-related prognostic genes (IGF2BP1, GPRC6A, IL37, CRCT1, SEMG1, and PSG7) can be used to evaluate the progression-free survival of PTC patients. The GO, KEGG, and GSEA analyses revealed that each key gene was closely associated with PTC development. Furthermore, CD8+ T cells decreased significantly, while regulatory T cells increased dramatically in the high-risk and PSG7 high expression groups. PSG7 was remarkably correlated with clinicopathological parameters (pathologic stage, T stage, and N stage) of PTC patients, and PSG7 expression was elevated in tumor samples from both TCGA and the Gene Expression Omnibus and was strongly associated with progressive stage and poor prognosis. Our results provide an innovative understanding of the age-related molecular mechanisms of PTC development. PSG7 was identified to exert a critical role in PTC progression and may serve as a promising strategy for predicting the prognosis of PTC.
Parents' intention toward early marriage of their adolescent girls in eastern Ethiopia: A community-based cross-sectional study from a social norms perspective
Authors: Abdurahman Dureti , Assefa Nega , Berhane Yemane 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundStrong social norms around early marriage put pressure on parents to marry off their adolescent girls at an early age. Early marriage is widely practiced in many parts of Ethiopia. However, early marriage studies rarely address the role of social norms. This study aims to examine the role of social norms on parents' intention to marry off adolescent girls early in Eastern Ethiopia.MethodA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2019. A multistage sampling procedure was applied to select the study participants. Factors related to parents' intention for early marriage were assessed through the lens of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR) was calculated using a log-binomial model to identify factors associated with intention toward early marriage.ResultsA total of 859 mothers and 859 fathers of unmarried girls were included in the study. The prevalence of intention to marry off their daughter early among mothers was 39.70% (95% CI = 36.4–43.0%) and 43.54% (95%CI = 40.2–47.1%) among fathers of adolescent girls [chi2(1) = 41.8; P &lt; 0.001]. The intention for an early marriage was higher among mothers and fathers with favorable attitude towards early marriage, in those who believe that most people in their reference group conform to early marriage norms (empirical expectation), in those who believe that most people in their reference group expect them to conform to early marriage norms (normative expectation) and among fathers who did not know the legal age of marriage for adolescent girls and those who did not know the health consequences of early marriage. The prevalence of intention toward early marriage was lower among mothers (APR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.36–0.65) and fathers (APR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.49–0.78) in urban areas; and among mothers (APR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.27–0.62) and fathers (APR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.38–0.67) with higher educational level.ConclusionThe social norms that promote intention for early marriage are still high among parents, especially among those living in rural areas and uneducated. Hence, interventions that aim to reduce early marriage need to address locally relevant social norms.
Reducing farnesyl diphosphate synthase levels activates Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and improves tumor suppression in murine xenograft cancer models
Authors: Liou Mei-Ling , Lahusen Tyler , Li Haishan , Xiao Lingzhi , Pauza C. David 
Published: October 2022

Human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are attractive candidates for cancer immunotherapy due to their potent capacity for tumor recognition and cytolysis of many tumor cell types. However, efforts to deploy clinical strategies for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cancer therapy are hampered by insufficient potency. We are pursuing an alternate strategy of modifying tumors to increase the capacity for Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation, as a means for strengthening the anti-tumor response by resident or ex vivo manufactured Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are activatedin vitroby non-peptidic antigens including isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP), a substrate of farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) in the pathway for biosynthesis of isoprenoids. In an effort to improvein vivopotency of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, we reduced FDPS expression in tumor cells using a lentivirus vector encoding a short-hairpin RNA that targets FDPS mRNA (LV-shFDPS). Prostate (PC3) or hepatocellular carcinoma (Huh-7) cells transduced with LV-shFDPS induced Vγ9Vδ2 T cell stimulationin vitro, resulting in increased cytokine expression and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Immune deficient mice implanted with LV-shFDPS transduced tumor cells showed dramatic responses to intraperitoneal injection of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with strong suppression of tumor growth.In vivopotency was increased by transducing tumor cells with a vector expressing both shFDPS and human IL-2. Tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells was dose-dependent with greater effects observed in mice injected with 100% LV-shFDPS transduced cells compared to mice injected with a mixture of 50% LV-shFDPS transduced cells and 50% control (no vector) tumor cells. Delivery of LV-shFDPS by intratumoral injection was insufficient to knockdown FDPS in the majority of tumor cells, resulting in insignificant tumor suppression by Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Thus, Vγ9Vδ2 T cells efficiently targeted and suppressed tumors expressing shFDPS in mouse xenotransplant models. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential for suppression of genetically modified tumors by human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and indicates that co-expression of cytokines may boost the anti-tumor effect.
Comparison of blood and lymph node cells after intramuscular injection with HIV envelope immunogens
Authors: Day Suzanne , Kaur Charandeep , Cheeseman Hannah M. , de Groot Emily , McFarlane Leon R. , Tanaka Maniola , Coelho Sofia , Cole Tom , Lemm Nana-Marie , Lim Adrian , Sanders Rogier W. , Asquith Becca , Shattock Robin J. , Pollock Katrina M. 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundHarnessing CD4+ T cell help in the lymph nodes through rational antigen design could enhance formation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) during experimental HIV immunization. This process has remained hidden due to difficulty with direct study, with clinical studies instead focusing on responses in the blood as a proxy for the secondary lymphoid tissue.MethodsTo address this, lymph node cells (LNC) were collected using ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration of axillary lymph nodes from 11 HIV negative participants in an experimental HIV immunogen study (European AIDS Vaccine Initiative EAVI2020_01 study, NCT04046978). Cells from lymph node and blood (PBMC), were collected after intramuscular injection with HIV Env Mosaic immunogens based on HIV Envelope glycoprotein and combined with a liposomal toll-like receptor-4 adjuvant; monophosphoryl lipid A. Simultaneously sampled cells from both blood and lymph node in the same donors were compared for phenotype, function, and antigen-specificity.ResultsUnsupervised cluster analysis revealed tissue-specific differences in abundance, distribution, and functional response of LNC compared with PBMC. Monocytes were virtually absent from LNC, which were significantly enriched for CD4+ T cells compared with CD8+ T cells. T follicular helper cells with germinal center features were enriched in LNC, which contained specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets including CD4+ T cells that responded after a single injection with HIV Env Mosaic immunogens combined with adjuvant. Tissue-specific differences in response to an MHC-II dependent superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, indicated divergence in antigen presentation function between blood and lymph node.ConclusionsLNC are phenotypically and functionally distinct from PBMC, suggesting that whole blood is only a limited proxy of the T cell lymphatic response to immunization. HIV-specific CD4+ T cells in the lymph node are rapidly inducible upon experimental injection with HIV immunogens. Monitoring evolution of CD4+ T cell memory in LNC with repeated experimental HIV immunization could indicate the strategies most likely to be successful in inducing HIV-specific bNAbs.
Electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibrous membrane for dust removal
Authors: Zhu Xingcheng , Kim Kiwoong 
Published: October 2022

Particulate matter (PM) pollution has become a serious threat to human health. Accordingly, an air filtration media that can efficiently remove particulate matter should be developed immediately. Nanofibrous membrane filter prepared by electrospinning technology has nanoscale diameter, high specific surface area, and relatively high porosity, which are suitable for dust removal. This paper explored the effects of electrospinning parameters on the microscopic morphology, fiber diameter, and pore size of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes, including polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, and tip-to-collector distance. Thereafter, filtration efficiencies of electrospun PAN fibrous membrane and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Cellulose acetate (CA), Nylon commercial filter were compared by removing smoke PMs. Results showed that fiber diameter and pore size increase with increasing concentration but decrease with increasing distance. With an increase in applied voltage, fiber diameter and pore size first decreased and increased thereafter. Lastly, filtration experimental results showed that filtration efficiency of electrospun PAN nanofibrous membranes was higher than that of those commercial filter membranes for ultra fine dust (0.3–0.5 μm).
Establishment of a malignancy and benignancy prediction model of sub-centimeter pulmonary ground-glass nodules based on the inflammation-cancer transformation theory
Authors: Shen Changxing , Wu Qiong , Xia Qing , Cao Chuanwu , Wang Fei , Li Zhuang , Fan Lihong 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundIn recent years, Chinese clinicians are frequently encountered by patients with multiple lung nodules and these intensity ground-glass nodules (GGNs) are usually small in size and some of them have no spicule sign. In addition, early lung cancer is diagnosed in large numbers of non-heavy smokers and individuals with no caner history. Obviously, the Mayo model is not applicable to these patients. The aim of the present study is to develop a new and more applicable model that can predict malignancy or benignancy of pulmonary GGNs based on the inflammation-cancer transformation theory.Materials and methodsIncluded in this study were patients who underwent surgical resection or lung puncture biopsy of GGNs in Shanghai 10th People’s Hospital between January 1, 2018 and May 31, 2021 with the inclusion criterion of the maximum diameter of GGN &lt; 1.0 cm. All the included patients had their pulmonary GGNs diagnosed by postoperative pathology. The patient data were analyzed to establish a prediction model and the predictive value of the model was verified.ResultsAltogether 100 GGN patients who met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Based on the results of logistic stepwise regression analysis, a mathematical predication equation was established to calculate the malignancy probability as follows: Malignancy probability rate (p) = ex/(1 + ex); p &gt; 0.5 was considered as malignant and p ≤ 0.5 as benign, where x = 0.9650 + [0.1791 × T helper (Th) cell] + [0.2921 × mixed GGN (mGGN)] + (0.4909 × vascular convergence sign) + (0.1058 × chronic inflammation). According to this prediction model, the positive prediction rate was 73.3% and the negative prediction rate was 100% versus the positive prediction rate of 0% for the Mayo model.ConclusionBy focusing on four major factors (chronic inflammation history, human Th cell, imaging vascular convergence sign and mGGNs), the present prediction model greatly improves the accuracy of malignancy or benignancy prediction of sub-centimeter pulmonary GGNs. This is a breakthrough innovation in this field.
Changes in rate and socioeconomic inequality of cervical cancer screening in northeastern China from 2013 to 2018
Authors: Liu Yaqian , Guo Jing , Zhu Guangyu , Zhang Bo , Feng Xing Lin 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveCervical cancer, the fourth leading cancer diagnosed in women, has brought great attention to cervical cancer screening to eliminate cervical cancer. In this study, we analyzed two waves of provincially representative data from northeastern China's National Health Services Survey (NHSS) in 2013 and 2018, to investigate the temporal changes and socioeconomic inequalities in the cervical cancer screening rate in northeastern China.MethodsData from two waves (2013 and 2018) of the NHSS deployed in Jilin Province were analyzed. We included women aged 15–64 years old and considered the occurrence of any cervical screening in the past 12 months to measure the cervical cancer screening rate in correlation with the annual per-capita household income, educational attainment, health insurance, and other socioeconomic characteristics.ResultsA total of 11,616 women aged 15–64 years were eligible for inclusion. Among all participants, 7,069 participants (61.11%) were from rural areas. The rate of cervical cancer screening increased from 2013 to 2018 [odds ratio (OR): 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–1.09, p &lt; 0.001]. In total, the cervical cancer screening rate was higher among participants who lived in urban areas than rural areas (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03–1.39, p = 0.020). The rate was also higher among those with the highest household income per capita (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.07–1.56, p = 0.007), with higher educational attainment (p &lt; 0.001), and with health insurance (p &lt; 0.05), respectively. The rate of cervical cancer screening was also significantly associated with parity (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.23–2.41, p = 0.001) and marital status (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.15–1.81, p = 0.001) but not ethnicity (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 0.95–1.36, p = 0.164).ConclusionCervical cancer screening coverage improved from 2013 to 2018 in northeastern China but remains far below the target 70% screening rate proposed by the World Health Organization. Although rural-urban inequality disappeared over time, other socioeconomic inequalities remained.
Sexually transmitted infections on the border between Suriname and French Guiana: A scoping review
Authors: Nacher Mathieu , Koendjbiharie Aylosius , Michaud Céline , Rabier Sébastien , Leborgne Cyril , Rousseau Cyril , Lucarelli Aude , Thorey Camille , Gonzales Adriana , Terlutter Fredrik , Thomas Nadia , Gastel Benoit Van , Biacabe Sophie , Eer Marja Van , Vreden Stephen , Hcini Najeh , Woittiez Lycke 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe Maroni basin –delineating the border between Suriname and French Guiana— presents sociocultural, geographical and economic circumstances that have been conducive to the circulation of sexually transmitted infections and to delays in diagnosis and care. Given the scarcity of published data, we aimed to describe different sexually transmitted infections along the Maroni and to gain a broader understanding of the epidemiologic situation.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of the efforts to approach the problem of sexually transmitted infections in this complex border area. Temporal trends were plotted and crude numbers were divided by local population numbers.ResultsFor HIV, despite increasing testing efforts, most patients still present at the advanced HIV stage (median CD4 count at diagnosis is &lt; 20 per mm3), and 25% of patients in Saint Laurent du Maroni were lost to follow-up within 6 years. However, progress on both sides has led to a decline in AIDS cases and mortality. Despite a rapid increase in the 1990’s along the Maroni, the current HIV prevalence seemed lower (0.52%) in the rural villages than in coastal urban centers (&gt; 1%). High risk HPV infection prevalence among women reaches 23.3%. The incidence of gonorrhea was 4.2 per 1,000 population aged 15-59. For chlamydiasis it was 3.4 per 1,000 population aged 15-59. For syphilis, the incidence was 2.5 per 1,000 population aged 15-59. Gonorrhea, chlamydiasis, hepatitis B detection increased over time with greater testing efforts and new diagnostic tests. Since the COVID-19 epidemic, congenital syphilis has dramatically increased in Saint Laurent du Maroni reaching 808 per 100,000 live births.ConclusionSexually transmitted infections seemed more prevalent in Saint Laurent du Maroni –the sole urban center—than in the remote villages along the Maroni. The syndromic approach and the heterogeneity of diagnostic platforms presumably overlook most infections in the region. Therefore, a concerted approach and a shared diagnostic upgrade with molecular diagnosis and rapid diagnostic tests seem necessary to reduce the burden of sexually transmitted infections on both sides of the Maroni. Congenital syphilis resulting from COVID-19 disruption of health services requires urgent attention.
Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of dementia: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Nanyang , Wang Yi , He Lanye , Sun Jiahui , Wang Xing , Li Hao 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundGrowing evidence suggests that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and dementia share pathological mechanisms and pathogenic risk factors. However, the previously diagnosed IBD and the subsequent risk of developing dementia are largely unknown.AimThe purpose of this review is to assess the association between IBD and subsequent dementia diagnosis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library from database inception to February 1, 2022. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality and risk of bias. Observational study that reported the possibility of dementia in IBD and non-IBD populations were included. Eligible studies were pooled effect estimates for relative risk (RR) through fixed-or random-effects models as appropriate.ResultsMore than 3,181,549 participants from nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Previous IBD diagnosis did not increased the risk of subsequent all-cause dementia (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.98–1.77) and AD-dementia (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.96–2.76). Subgroup analyses based on study design indicated that cohort studies (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.09–1.55) reported an increased risk of all-cause dementia, but were not applicable to AD-dementia (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 0.94–1.72). Positive associations between IBD patients and all-cause dementia did not differ by age and gender in cohort studies. Both ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.00–1.94) and Crohn’s disease (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.08–1.98) are associated with increased risk of all-cause dementia.ConclusionEvidence regarding dementia risk assessment in IBD patients is conflicting, which may be influenced by study design. More prospective cohort studies are needed to determine their relationship.Systematic review registration[https://www.prosper-isd.net], identifier [CRD42021284116].