bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated Design of High γ′ Solvus Temperature and Yield Strength Cobalt-Based Superalloy Based on Machine Learning and Phase Diagram
Authors: Wang Cuiping , Chen Xin , Chen Yuechao , Yu Jinxin , Cai Wensu , Chen Zhongfeng , Yu Xiang , Li Yingju , Yang Yuansheng , Liu Xingjun 
Published: May 2022

This study combines machine learning and a phase diagram to accelerate the design of a cobalt-based superalloy with a composition of Co-30Ni-10Al-6Ta (at%). The results show that Co-30Ni-10Al-6Ta alloy exhibits high γ′ solvus temperature (1,215 °C) and high yield strength (1,220 Mpa at 25 °C), which is comparable with commercial nickel-based polycrystalline superalloy M-Mar-247. Moreover, the wide processing window and excellent γ′ phase stability make it lucrative for further applications at high temperatures. Meanwhile, the alloy design method also provides a new idea for efficiently realizing the preparation of high-performance alloys.
Association of Myopia With Risk of Incident Metabolic Syndrome: Findings From the UK Biobank Study Cohort of 91,591 Participants
Authors: Chen Yanxian , Zhu Zhuoting , Wang Wei , Shang Xianwen , He Mingguang , Li Jinying 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo investigate the association between myopia and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a prospective cohort from the UK Biobank Study.MethodsVolunteers (aged 40 years and above) free of baseline MetS and cataract included from the UK Biobank Study, a prospective follow-up cohort. Myopia was defined using uncycloplegic autorefraction, self-report-myopia, and medical records for refractive error at baseline. MetS as well as components of MetS were diagnosed based on health records, blood biochemistry, and questionnaires. Questionnaires determined the status of smoking, drinking, physical activity and dietary supplements, as well as ethnicity and education.ResultsA total of 91,591 participants were available in the analysis, with a mean age of 55.37 ± 8.07 years at baseline and a median follow-up years of 11.16 years. The proportion of myopia was 49.7%, and a total of 937 (1.0%) participants were identified as having incident MetS (0.09/100 person years). Subjects with myopia were more likely to have MetS compared with non-myopic subjects (0.82 vs. 0.21%, Log-rank testP&lt; 0.001). Mopes had greater risk of incident MetS (Hazard ratio [HR] = 4.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.57–4.93,P&lt; 0.001) adjusting for baseline age, gender, education and ethnicity. After further controlling for lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, physical activity, and fish oil supplement) or baseline metabolic disorders, the risk of incident MetS were 3.88- and 4.06-fold greater in myopic subjects than those without myopia, respectively (P&lt; 0.001 for both models). The severity of myopia was not significantly correlated to incident MetS in multivariate-adjusted models.ConclusionsAn increased risk of incident MetS among the elderly is associated with myopia, but not the degree of myopia. These findings highlighted the need of prevention of MetS among older adults with myopia.
Management of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Xia , Peng Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTo date, various treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) have been reported. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of current treatments for RP-CME.MethodsPubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched from inception to August 2021. ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN were also searched for relevant studies. Only studies published in English were included. The RoB 2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the MINORS scale was used to assess the methodological quality of non-RCTs. Review manager (Revman) was used to pool the data. The primary outcomes included the change of central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline. The secondary outcomes included fluorescein angiography (FA) leakage, rebound of CME and adverse effects.ResultsThirty-two studies were included in the current systematic review and 7 studies were used for meta-analysis. Treatments for RP-CME included oral and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), systematic and local steroids, anti-VEGF therapy, NSAIDS, grid LASER photocoagulation, subliminal micropulse LASER, vitrectomy, lutein supplement and oral minocycline. CAIs and local steroids were proved to be effective in reducing CMT. The effects of anti-VEGF reagents varied among studies. Regarding other treatments, only one study for each method fitted the inclusion criteria, so the evidence was very limited.ConclusionTopical CAIs, oral CAIs and local steroids are effective in treating RP-CME. However, due to the overall inferior design and small patient number of the included studies, the quality of evidence was poor. Systematic steroids, LASER, NSAIDS and vitrectomy may also be effective, nevertheless, considering the limited number of studies, no conclusion could be drawn regarding these treatments. More well-designed and conducted studies are needed in this field.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021273979, identifier CRD42021273979.
Immediate Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Cycling on the Paretic Muscles of Patients With Hemiparesis After Stroke: Evidence From Electrical Impedance Myography
Authors: Li Le , Hu Chengpeng , Leung Kenry W. C. , Tong Raymond K. Y. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundElectrical impedance myography (EIM) has been applied to assess muscle health conditions in neuromuscular disorders. This study aimed to detect immediate muscle electrical impedance property alterations in lower extremity of chronic stroke survivors immediately after functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted cycling training.MethodsFourteen chronic stroke survivors were recruited for the current study. EIM measurements were conducted before and immediately after 40-min FES-assisted cycling training for each subject. Four interested muscle groups [rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA), and the medial head of gastrocnemius (MG)] were selected. Correlation analysis was performed to reveal a significant correlation between changes in EIM parameters and clinical scales [Fugl–Meyer Assessment of the lower extremity (FMA-LE); 6-min walking test (6MWT)].ResultsImmediately after training, reactance (X) and phase angle (θ) values significantly increased on the TA and MG muscles. Significant correlation was observed between X value and FMA-LE scores (r = 0.649, p = 0.012) at MG as well as X and FMA scores of the ankle joint (r = 0.612, p = 0.02). Resistance (R) and θ were significantly correlated with 6MWT score (R-6MWT: r = 0.651, p = 0.012; θ-6MWT: r = 0.621, p = 0.018).ConclusionThis brief report demonstrated that EIM can reveal the intrinsic property alteration in the paretic muscle of chronic stroke survivors immediately after FES-assisted cycling training. These alterations might be related to muscle hypertrophy (i.e., increases in muscle fiber size). This brief report might aid the understanding of the mechanism of electrical stimulation-assisted exercise in improving muscle function of stroke survivors.
Clinical Outcomes of BCMA CAR-T Cells in a Multiple Myeloma Patient With Central Nervous System Invasion
Authors: Wang Ting , He Ting , Ma Lie , Yang Yazi , Feng Ru , Ding Yanping , Shan Yueming , Bu Bing , Qi Feifei , Wu Fei , Lu Xin-an , Liu Hui 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy that still lacks effective clinical treatments. In particular, MM with central nervous system (CNS) invasion occurs rarely. Although B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great promise for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM, few studies have reported whether BCMA CAR-T could inhibit MM with CNS invasion.Case PresentationIn this study, we report a special case of a 63-year-old male patient who suffered MM with CNS invasion and presented rapid extramedullary disease (EMD) progression into multiple organs. Before CAR-T cell infusion, this patient received five cycles of bortezomib, Adriamycin, and dexamethasone (PAD) and an autologous transplant as the front-line treatment, followed by two cycles of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRD) as the second-line regimen, and daratumumab, bortezomib, dexamethasone (DVD) as the third-line regimen. Since the patient still showed rapid progressive disease (PD), BCMA CAR-T cells were infused, and 1 month later, a stringent complete response (sCR) was achieved, and the response lasted for 4 months. Meanwhile, only grade 1 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was observed.ConclusionThis case report demonstrated that BCMA CAR-T could effectively eradicate CNS-involved MM with low adverse events, suggesting that CAR-T cell therapy could be a feasible therapeutic option for this kind of refractory disease.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04537442.a
Development and Validation of an Immune-Related Prognostic Signature in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Su Rongjia , Jin Chengwen , Bu Hualei , Xiang Jiangdong , Zhou Lina , Jin Chengjuan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundCervical cancer is the fourth most frequent gynecological malignancy across the world. Immunotherapies have proved to improve prognosis of cervical cancer. However, few studies on immune-related prognostic signature had been reported in cervical cancer.MethodsRaw data and clinical information of cervical cancer samples were downloaded from TCGA and UCSC Xena website. Immunophenoscore of immune infiltration cells in cervical cancer samples was calculated through the ssGSEA method using GSVA package. WGCNA, Cox regression analysis, LASSO analysis, and GSEA analysis were performed to classify cervical cancer prognosis and explore the biological signaling pathway.ResultsThere were eight immune infiltration cells associated with prognosis of cervical cancer. Through WGCNA, 153 genes from 402 immune-related genes were significantly correlated with prognosis of cervical cancer. A 15-gene signature demonstrated powerful predictive ability in prognosis of cervical cancer. GSEA analysis showed multiple signaling pathways containing Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway differences between high-risk and low-risk groups. Furthermore, the 15-gene signature was associated with multiple immune cells and immune infiltration in tumor microenvironment.ConclusionThe 15-gene signature is an effective potential prognostic classifier in the immunotherapies and surveillance of cervical cancer.
MRI-Based Risk Assessment for Incomplete Resection of Brain Metastases
Authors: Rosenstock Tizian , Pöser Paul , Wasilewski David , Bauknecht Hans-Christian , Grittner Ulrike , Picht Thomas , Misch Martin , Onken Julia Sophie , Vajkoczy Peter 
Published: May 2022

ObjectRecent studies demonstrated that gross total resection of brain metastases cannot always be achieved. Subtotal resection (STR) can result in an early recurrence and might affect patient survival. We initiated a prospective observational study to establish a MRI-based risk assessment for incomplete resection of brain metastases.MethodsAll patients in whom ≥1 brain metastasis was resected were prospectively included in this study (DRKS ID: DRKS00021224; Nov 2020 – Nov 2021). An interdisciplinary board of neurosurgeons and neuroradiologists evaluated the pre- and postoperative MRI (≤48h after surgery) for residual tumor. Extensive neuroradiological analyses were performed to identify risk factors for an unintended STR which were integrated into a regression tree analysis to determine the patients’ individual risk for a STR.ResultsWe included 150 patients (74 female; mean age: 61 years), in whom 165 brain metastases were resected. A STR was detected in 32 cases (19.4%) (median residual tumor volume: 1.36ml, median EORrel: 93.6%), of which 6 (3.6%) were intended STR (median residual tumor volume: 3.27ml, median EORrel: 67.3%) - mainly due to motor-eloquent location - and 26 (15.8%) were unintended STR (uSTR) (median residual tumor volume: 0.64ml, median EORrel: 94.7%). The following risk factors for an uSTR could be identified: subcortical metastasis ≥5mm distant from cortex, diffuse contrast agent enhancement, proximity to the ventricles, contact to falx/tentorium and non-transcortical approaches. Regression tree analysis revealed that the individual risk for an uSTR was mainly associated to the distance from the cortex (distance ≥5mm vs. &lt;5mm: OR 8.0; 95%CI: 2.7 – 24.4) and the contrast agent patterns (diffuse vs. non-diffuse in those with distance ≥5mm: OR: 4.2; 95%CI: 1.3 – 13.7). The preoperative tumor volume was not substantially associated with the extent of resection.ConclusionsSubcortical metastases ≥5mm distant from cortex with diffuse contrast agent enhancement showed the highest incidence of uSTR. The proposed MRI-based assessment allows estimation of the individual risk for uSTR and can help indicating intraoperative imaging.
Relationship Between Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Log Odds of Positive Lymph Nodes and Their Prognostic Role in Advanced Ovarian Cancer Patients With Optimal Cytoreductive Surgery
Authors: Hou Yue-min , Xue Yan , Yao Jin-meng , Feng Fang , An Rui-fang 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo analyze the relationship between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), as well as their prognostic role in advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) patients with optimal cytoreductive surgery.Patients and MethodsFrom the SEER database during 2010-2016, we identified 1,012 AOC patients with optimal cytoreductive surgery. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the relationship between NACT and LODDS. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression was conducted to determine the independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS.ResultsFactors associated with significantly higher NACT odds included older (≥60 years old), married, tumor size ≥ 15 cm, FIGO IV, and LODDS ≤ 0.1. Multivariable Cox regression model confirmed older (≥60 years old), unmarried, separated, divorced, widowed, mucinous histology type, tumor size ≥ 15 cm, and LODDS &gt; 0.1 were correlated with increased risks of OS and CSS. NACT was not an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS. In the subgroup analyses, LODDS was an independent prognostic factor for OS and CSS in patients with &lt; 75 years old, married, unmarried, FIGO III, and tumor size &lt; 15 cm.ConclusionNACT did not show any survival benefit in AOC patients with optimal cytoreductive surgery, but it may be beneficial in reducing LODDS. Meanwhile, clinicians can use grade of LODDS to predict the prognosis of AOC patients with optimal cytoreductive surgery.
Myosteatosis can Predict Unfavorable Outcomes in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated With Hepatic Artery Infusion Chemotherapy and Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy
Authors: Yi Xiaoping , Fu Yan , Long Qianyan , Zhao Yazhuo , Li Sai , Zhou Chunhui , Lin Huashan , Liu Xiaolian , Liu Chang , Chen Changyong , Shi Liangrong 
Published: May 2022

AimTo evaluate the feasibility of computed tomography (CT) - derived measurements of body composition parameters to predict the risk factor of non-objective response (non-OR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy and hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (immune-HAIC).MethodsPatients with histologically confirmed HCC and treated with the immune-HAIC were retrospectively recruited between June 30, 2019, and July 31, 2021. CT-based estimations of body composition parameters were acquired from the baseline unenhanced abdominal CT images at the level of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) and were applied to develop models predicting the probability of OR. A myosteatosis nomogram was built using the multivariate logistic regression incorporating both myosteatosis measurements and clinical variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves assessed the performance of prediction models, including the area under the curve (AUC). The nomogram’s performance was assessed by the calibration, discrimination, and decision curve analyses. Associations among predictors and gene mutations were also examined by correlation matrix analysis.ResultsFifty-two patients were recruited to this study cohort, with 30 patients having a OR status after immune-HAIC treatment. Estimations of myosteatosis parameters, like SM-RA (skeletal muscle radiation attenuation), were significantly associated with the probability of predicting OR (P=0.007). The SM-RA combined nomogram model, including serum red blood cell, hemoglobin, creatinine, and the mean CT value of visceral fat (VFmean) improved the prediction probability for OR disease with an AUC of 0.713 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.95) than the clinical model nomogram with AUC of 0.62 using a 5-fold cross-validation methodology. Favorable clinical potentials were observed in the decision curve analysis.ConclusionsThe CT-based estimations of myosteatosis could be used as an indicator to predict a higher risk of transition to the Non-OR disease state in HCC patients treated with immune-HAIC therapy. This study demonstrated the therapeutic relevance of skeletal muscle composition assessments in the overall prediction of treatment response and prognosis in HCC patients.
Based on Network Pharmacology and Gut Microbiota Analysis to Investigate the Mechanism of the Laxative Effect of Pterostilbene on Loperamide-Induced Slow Transit Constipation in Mice
Authors: Yao Zhiwei , Fu Siqi , Ren Bingbing , Ma Lushun , Sun Daqing 
Published: May 2022

Background: Pterostilbene (PTE) is a natural polyphenol compound that has been proven to improve intestinal inflammation, but its laxative effect on slow transit constipation (STC) has never been studied. This study aims to investigate the laxative effect of PTE on loperamide (LOP)-induced STC mice and its influence on intestinal microbes through a combination of network pharmacological analysis and experimental verification.Material and Methods: PTE was used to treat LOP-exposed mice, and the laxative effect of PTE was evaluated by the total intestinal transit time and stool parameters. The apoptosis of Cajal interstitial cells (ICCs) was detected by immunofluorescence. The mechanism of PTE’s laxative effect was predicted by network pharmacology analysis. We used western blot technology to verify the predicted hub genes and pathways. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH-Px were tested to reflect oxidative stress levels and the changes of gut microbiota were detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.Results: PTE treatment could significantly improve the intestinal motility disorder caused by LOP. Apoptosis of ICCs increased in the STC group, but decreased significantly in the PTE intervention group. Through network pharmacological analysis, PTE might reduce the apoptosis of ICCs by enhancing PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, and improve constipation caused by LOP. In colon tissues, PTE improved the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and upregulated the phosphorylation of AKT. The level of MDA increased and GSH-Px decreased in the STC group, while the level of oxidative stress was significantly reduced in the PTE treatment groups. PTE also promoted the secretion of intestinal hormone and restored the microbial diversity caused by LOP.Conclusion: Pterostilbene ameliorated the intestinal motility disorder induced by LOP, this effect might be achieved by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of ICCs through the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Micro-Movement Measured by Laser Heterodyne Interferometer Based on Acousto-Optic Effect
Authors: Lin Bailin , Dai Wei , Sun Jun , Xiao Mengting , He Zihan , Wu Jianjian , Chen Xinqi 
Published: May 2022

In this experiment, the stable output of a dual-frequency laser source is obtained by an acousto-optic modulator due to the Bragg diffraction effect. Furthermore, the non-polarized dual-laser heterodyne interferometer is designed to measure the micro-movement of stacked piezoelectric (PZT) ceramic. This micro-movement can be dynamically determined by comparing the phase difference between the conference beam and measuring beam. The results indicate that the micro-movement of PZT ceramic changes linearly with the driven-voltage in the range of 0–30 V and the sensitivity of movement to voltage is 58.3 nm/V, which is very close to the theoretical value and this laser heterodyne interferometer can be applied for calibrating parameters of PZT ceramic.
The Effect of Physical Exercise on Depression in College Students: The Chain Mediating Role of Self-Concept and Social Support
Authors: Zhang Junliang , Zheng Shuang , Hu Zhongzheng 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThis study introduced self-concept and social support as research variables to establish a research mechanism, in order to encourage college students to participate in sports better, relieve or overcome depression.MethodsThe survey was conducted among 1,200 college students in Jiangxi, China. Serial mediation models were used to examine whether self-concept and social support mediated in the effect of physical exercise on depression.ResultsPhysical exercise significantly negatively predicted college depression. Moreover, Self-concept and social support mediate the relationship between physical exercise and depression in college students.ConclusionThis study reveals how physical exercise affects college students’ depression and its mechanism, and the results have certain enlightenment significance for maintaining and promoting college students’ physical and mental health.