bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Dlx2-mediated astrocyte-to-neuron conversion and inhibition of neuroinflammation by NeuroD1
Authors: Liu Min-Hui , Xu Yu-Ge , Bai Xiao-Ni , Lin Jian-Hua , Xiang Zong-Qin , Wang Tao , Xu Liang , Li Wen , Chen Gong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn vivo astrocyte-to-neuron (AtN) conversion induced by overexpression of neural transcriptional factors has great potential for neural regeneration and repair. Here, we demonstrate that a single neural transcriptional factor Dlx2 converts mouse striatal astrocytes into neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Lineage-tracing studies in Aldh1l1-CreERT2 mice confirm that Dlx2 can convert striatal astrocytes into DARPP32+ and Ctip2+ medium spiny neurons (MSNs). Time-course studies reveal a gradual conversion from astrocytes to neurons in 1 month, with a distinct intermediate state in-between astrocytes and neurons. Interestingly, when Dlx2-infected astrocytes start to lose astrocytic markers, the other local astrocytes proliferate to maintain astrocytic level in the converted areas. Unexpectedly, while Dlx2 efficiently reprograms astrocytes into neurons in the grey matter striatum, it also induces partial reprogramming of astrocytes in the white matter corpus callosum. Such partial reprogramming of white matter astrocytes is associated with neuroinflammation, which can be essentially suppressed by the addition of NeuroD1. Our results highlight the importance of investigating AtN conversion both in the grey matter and white matter in order to thoroughly evaluate therapeutic potentials. This study also unveils a critical role of anti-inflammation by NeuroD1 during AtN conversion.
Power of self-belief: Growth mindset fosters cognitive development via mesocortical functional coactivation and dynamic reconfiguration
Authors: Zhao Yuyao , Cui Junjie , Zhao Hui , Zeng Yimeng , Xu Jiahua , Chen Menglu , Hao Lei , He Ying , Wang Hui , Wang Yanpei , Wang Daoyang , Han Zhuo Rachel , Tan Shuping , Men Weiwei , Gao Jiahong , He Yong , Tao Sha , Dong Qi , Qin Shaozheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGrowth mindset is known for its positive impact on learning, problem-solving, and achievement by fostering the belief that one’s abilities can be improved through continuous effort. Theories attributed the promotive effect to its optimization on cognitive and motivational processes, while relevant evidence remained scattered. Although recent studies identified pathways related to growth mindset, we still lack a comprehensive model linking its impacts on cognitive process, brain system dynamics and long-term outcomes. Here, we showed that the growth mindset promoted the development of working memory (WM) through dynamic coordination of the cortico-striatal system and tested its longitudinal effects on decisive processes over three years. Behaviorally, growth mindset improves WM outcomes via accelerating the latent evidence accumulation process, as revealed by the computational modeling on trial-by-trial WM decisive response. Developmental neuroimaging further revealed that the coactivation of the striatum-cingulo-opercular and fronto-parietal systems plays a significant role in such long-term WM improvements. By leveraging Hidden Markov Modeling on cortico-striatal dynamics, we identified two distinct brain states that explain the relationship between the growth mindset and behavioral improvements. The enhanced while flexible cortico-striatal activity mediated the long-term optimization of growth mindset on the evidence accumulation process in WM. Our findings revealed the optimization of growth mindset on cortico-striatal latent dynamics and, for the first time, established a longitudinal model linking the impact of the growth mindset on neural orchestration to cognitive processes and behavioral outcomes.
miR-146a and miR-200b alter cognition by targeting NMDA receptor subunits
Authors: Gunasekaran Sowmya , Omkumar Ramakrishnapillai Vyomakesannair 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in fine-tuning gene regulation. Understanding the mechanism of action of such miRNAs might help in manipulating the respective pathways thus providing therapeutic options. We have investigated the physiological roles of two miRNAs, miR-146a and miR-200b, that are differentially expressed in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease andschizophrenia.We specifically studied their involvement in learning and memory mechanisms. We show through bioinformatics prediction tools that these miRNAs can interact with transcripts of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits Grin2A and Grin2B. This was further supported by showing interaction of the miRNAs to the 3’UTR sequences of Grin2A and Grin2B through luciferase assay. Overexpression of these miRNAs in primary hippocampal neurons caused downregulation of GluN2B and GluN2A protein levels. Stereotactic injections of these miRNAs into rat hippocampus caused cognitive deficits in multiple behavioural tests along with decreased protein levels of the NMDAR subunits, GluN1, GluN2A and GluN2B, AMPAR subunit GluR1 and Neuregulin 1 (NRG1). During downregulation of NMDAR subunits by other physiological stimuli as in pharmacologically treated rat models [MK-801 treated and methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) treated], we found upregulated levels of miR-146a-5p and miR-200b-3p implying their involvement in downregulating NMDAR subunits. These results suggest the importance of miR-146a-5p and miR-200b-3p in mediating gene regulation in the hippocampus and their involvement in hippocampus dependent learning and memory.
Respiration-driven brain network: neural underpinning of breathing correlates with resting-state fMRI signal
Authors: Tu Wenyu , Zhang Nanyin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRespiration can induce motion and CO2 fluctuation during resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) scans, which will lead to non-neural artifacts in the rsfMRI signal. In the meantime, as a crucial physiologic process, respiration that can directly drive neural activity change in the brain, and may thereby modulate the rsfMRI signal. Nonetheless, this potential neural component in the respiration-fMRI relationship is largely unexplored. To elucidate this issue, here we simultaneously recorded the electrophysiology, rsfMRI and respiration signals in rats. Our data show that respiration is indeed associated with neural activity changes, evidenced by a phase-locking relationship between slow respiration variations and the gamma-band power of the electrophysiologic signal recorded in the anterior cingulate cortex. Intriguingly, slow respiration variations are also linked to a characteristic rsfMRI network, which is mediated by gamma-band neural activity. In addition, this respiration-related brain network disappears when brain-wide neural activity is silenced at an iso-electrical state, while the respiration is maintained, further confirming the necessary role of neural activity. Taken together, this study identifies a respiration-related brain network underpinned by neural activity, which represents a novel component in the respiration-rsfMRI relationship that is distinct from respiration-related rsfMRI artifacts. It opens a new avenue for investigating the interactions between respiration, neural activity and resting-state brain networks in both healthy and diseased conditions.
acCRISPR: An activity-correction method for improving the accuracy of CRISPR screens
Authors: Ramesh Adithya , Trivedi Varun , Schwartz Cory , Tafrishi Aida , Mohseni Amirsadra , Li Mengwan , Lonardi Stefano , Wheeldon Ian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh throughput CRISPR screens are revolutionizing the way scientists unravel the genetic underpinnings of novel and evolved phenotypes. One of the critical challenges in accurately assessing screening outcomes is accounting for the variability in sgRNA cutting efficiency. Poorly active guides targeting genes essential to screening conditions obscure the growth defects that are expected from disrupting them. Here, we develop acCRISPR, an end-to-end pipeline that identifies essential genes in pooled CRISPR screens using sgRNA read counts obtained from next-generation sequencing. acCRISPR uses experimentally determined cutting efficiencies for each guide in the library to provide an activity correction to the screening outcomes, thus determining the fitness effect of disrupted genes. This is accomplished by calculating an optimization metric that quantifies the tradeoff between guide activity and library coverage, which is maximized to accurately classify genes essential to screening conditions. CRISPR-Cas9 and -Cas12a screens were carried out in the non-conventional oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to determine a high-confidence set of essential genes for growth under glucose, a common carbon source used for the industrial production of oleochemicals. acCRISPR was also used in gain-and loss-of-function screens under high salt and low pH conditions to identify known and novel genes that were related to stress tolerance. Collectively, this work presents an experimental-computational framework for CRISPR-based functional genomics studies that may be expanded to other non-conventional organisms of interest.
Numerical study on strut insertion based thrust vectoring control system
Authors: Soundararajan Harish , B.T.N. Sridhar 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to numerically study the three-dimensional (3D) flow field characteristics in a conical convergent divergent (CD) nozzle with an internal strut system to describe the effect of struts on producing a side force for thrust vectoring applications.

Design/methodology/approach
Struts are solid bodies. When inserted into the supersonic region of the axisymmetric CD nozzle, it induces a shock wave that causes an asymmetric pressure distribution predominantly over the internal surface of the diverging wall of the C-D nozzle, creating a net side force similar to the secondary injection thrust vectoring control method. Numerical simulations were performed by solving Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes equations with re-normalized group k–ϵ turbulence model. Cylindrical struts of various heights positioned at different locations in the divergent section of the nozzle were investigated at a nozzle pressure of 6.61.

Findings
Thrust vectoring angle of approximately 3.8 degrees was obtained using a single cylindrical strut with a dimensionless thrust (%) and total pressure loss of less than 2.36% and 2.67, respectively. It was shown that the thrust deflection direction could also be changed by changing the strut insertion location. A strut located at half of the diverging length produced a higher deflection per unit total pressure loss.

Practical implications
Using a lightweight and high-temperature resistant material, such as a strut, strut insertion-based thrust vectoring control might provide an alternative thrust vectoring method in applications where a longer period of control is needed with a reduced overall system weight.

Originality/value
This study describes the 3D flow field characteristics which result in side force generation by a supersonic nozzle with an internal strut.
Exploring the role of knowledge management in contexts of crisis: a synthesis and way forward
Authors: Anand Amitabh , Buhagiar Kristina , Kozachenko Ekaterina , Parameswar Nakul 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Based on the scarcity and the fragmented nature of the literature in the field of knowledge management (KM) and crisis, this paper aims to present a systematic literature review of these two constructs, interlinking the literature in KM to the prevention, preparedness, response and recovery (PPRR) phases framework. The output is a critical discussion on the state of the literature in the field, and an overview of avenues for future research.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology adopted in this paper is that of a systematic literature review. Using the Scopus database, this study presents the findings that emerged from 59 publications in the field of KM and crisis.

Findings
Through the application of a systematic literature review, this paper categorizes 59 publications on KM according to the different stages comprising a crisis. The implications of each paper are discussed and critically analyzed, acting as the basis of areas for future research.

Originality/value
This paper is the first to offer a systematic review of the literature on KM in contexts of crisis by integrating the literature into a well-defined PPRR framework. Furthermore, the discussions presented in this review may be used by practitioners as a basis/starting point to identify relevant literature on different phases of crisis, while scholars may use this paper to further develop studies in KM and crisis management.
Exploring dating as an occupation for young heterosexual women in Ireland
Authors: McCarthy Karen , Jackson Jeanne 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Dating is a meaningful occupation for many single people. The occupation of dating has transformed considerably in Ireland due to recent changes in Irish culture and the advent of online dating technology. The purpose of this study was to explore the complexities and intricacies of dating in an Irish context.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research approach was used and data were collected using semi-structured interviews with ten heterosexual women (age 24‐34) living in urban areas of Ireland. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006).

Findings
Dating did not fully resonate with their experience, but they did not have an alternative term. The form of dating was influenced by cultural, temporal, physical and virtual contexts. Beliefs about dating, fluctuating emotions and feelings of mortification because of the stigma of online dating created meaning for participants and influenced their use of strategies to improve resilience. While dating was not a preferred occupation for participants because of its arduous nature and fluctuations in emotion, it was seen as essential to fulfil the function of finding a romantic partner or partner in occupation. Connections between participant experiences and occupational science are discussed to address the lexicon of dating and the form, function and meaning of dating.

Originality/value
This study contributes to occupational science knowledge by revealing the occupational understandings of dating as an emerging and dynamic occupation in a rapidly changing culture of Ireland.
Capital structure dynamics of Shariah-compliant vs noncompliant firms: evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Akbar Saeed , Khan Shehzad , Haq Zahoor Ul , Khan Muhammad Ibrahim 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to compare capital structure determinants' effect on the leverage levels of Shariah-compliant (SC) and noncompliant (NC) firms in Pakistan. This study also estimates and compares the capital structure adjustment speed for both firm types.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the Karachi Meezan Index screening criterion, a balanced panel of 117 SC and 68 NC firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2018 was constituted. This study used the generalized method of moments to identify the significant determinants of capital structure and estimate the speed of adjustment. In addition, the F-test was used to check whether the effect of the determinants on the leverage is same for SC and non-SC firms.

Findings
The authors found that different determinants affect both firm types' leverage levels (book and market) differently. The authors also found that the adjustment speed of SC firms toward their target leverage ratio is slower than their NC peers. Lastly, significant variation was observed in the results under different screening criteria.

Research limitations/implications
This study fills the literature gap by providing a comprehensive comparison of the capital structure decisions of the SC and non-SC firms. Because this study is limited to Pakistan, generalizability would be an issue.

Practical implications
This study will guide the management of SC and non-SC firms about which factors are reliably important in choosing their capital structure. The findings also call for bringing harmony in the different Shariah screening criteria being in practice.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comparative study that identifies the significant capital structure determinants for SC and NC firms and investigates their effect on the leverage of both firm types. By testing joint hypotheses of same relationship, this study seeks to determine if, because of Shariah restrictions, the capital structure determinants of SC firms are similar to NC firms or they exhibit different behavior. The authors also repeat their analysis using other prominent screening criteria to assess the consistency of their results.
The implementation and performance evaluation for a smart robot with edge computing algorithms
Authors: Chen Joy Iong-Zong , Huang Ping-Feng , Pi Chung Sheng 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Apart from, the smart edge computing (EC) robot (SECR) provides the tools to manage Internet of things (IoT) services in the edge landscape by means of real-world test-bed designed in ECR. Eventually, based on the results from two experiments held in little constrained condition, such as the maximum data size is 2GB, the performance of the proposed techniques demonstrate the effectiveness, scalability and performance efficiency of the proposed IoT model.

Design/methodology/approach
Certainly, the proposed SECR is trying primarily to take over other traditional static robots in a centralized or distributed cloud environment. One aspect of representation of the proposed edge computing algorithms is due to challenge to slow down the consumption of time which happened in an artificial intelligence (AI) robot system. Thus, the developed SECR trained by tiny machine learning (TinyML) techniques to develop a decentralized and dynamic software environment.

Findings
Specifically, the waste time of SECR has actually slowed down when it is embedded with Edge Computing devices in the demonstration of data transmission within different paths. The TinyML is applied to train with image data sets for generating a framework running in the SECR for the recognition which has also proved with a second complete experiment.

Originality/value
The work presented in this paper is the first research effort, and which is focusing on resource allocation and dynamic path selection for edge computing. The developed platform using a decoupled resource management model that manages the allocation of micro node resources independent of the service provisioning performed at the cloud and manager nodes. Besides, the algorithm of the edge computing management is established with different path and pass large data to cloud and receive it. In this work which considered the SECR framework is able to perform the same function as that supports to the multi-dimensional scaling (MDS).
Social free sampling: engaging consumer through product trial reports
Authors: Liao Junyun , Chen Jiawen , Jin Fei 
Published: July 2022

PurposeRecent years have witnessed the popularity of social free sampling (SFS). That is, firms on social commerce platforms (e.g. Amazon Vine and Pconline Try) offer free sample products for consumers' applications, and the selected applicants are required to write a product trial report on the sites as a return. The main advantage of SFS is to leverage users' product trial reports to increase product exposure and attract prospective consumers. Thus, product trial reports play a central role in SFS. Despite that scholars have examined the rating bias of product trial reports in recent years' knowledge concerning how product trial reports influence user (i.e. readers of product trial reports) engagement remains sparse. To address the research gap, this paper aims to examine the drivers of user engagement with product trial reports.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilized the Poisson regression model to analyze 3,419 trial reports collected from a well-known Chinese SFS site.FindingsBased on the ELM model, the empirical results indicate that product rating, vividness, opinion balance, and reputation of the trial user are positively associated with user engagement. However, longer reports and reports with higher emotional intensity lead to weaker user engagement. Furthermore, product prices strengthen the positive impact of opinion balance but weaken the positive impact of trial users' reputations.Originality/valueThis study is among one of the first studies to investigate the impact of trial reports on user engagement in SFS. It yields actionable guidelines for SFS campaigns.
AI-powered information and Big Data: current regulations and ways forward in IFRS reporting
Authors: Leitner-Hanetseder Susanne , Lehner Othmar M. 
Published: July 2022

PurposeWith the help of “self-learning” algorithms and high computing power, companies are transforming Big Data into artificial intelligence (AI)-powered information and gaining economic benefits. AI-powered information and Big Data (simply data henceforth) have quickly become some of the most important strategic resources in the global economy. However, their value is not (yet) formally recognized in financial statements, which leads to a growing gap between book and market values and thus limited decision usefulness of the underlying financial statements. The objective of this paper is to identify ways in which the value of data can be reported to improve decision usefulness.Design/methodology/approachBased on the authors' experience as both long-term practitioners and theoretical accounting scholars, the authors conceptualize and draw up a potential data value chain and show the transformation from raw Big Data to business-relevant AI-powered information during its process.FindingsAnalyzing current International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) regulations and their applicability, the authors show that current regulations are insufficient to provide useful information on the value of data. Following this, the authors propose a Framework for AI-powered Information and Big Data (FAIIBD) Reporting. This framework also provides insights on the (good) governance of data with the purpose of increasing decision usefulness and connecting to existing frameworks even further. In the conclusion, the authors raise questions concerning this framework that may be worthy of discussion in the scholarly community.Research limitations/implicationsScholars and practitioners alike are invited to follow up on the conceptual framework from many perspectives.Practical implicationsThe framework can serve as a guide towards a better understanding of how to recognize and report AI-powered information and by that (a) limit the valuation gap between book and market value and (b) enhance decision usefulness of financial reporting.Originality/valueThis article proposes a conceptual framework in IFRS to regulators to better deal with the value of AI-powered information and improve the good governance of (Big)data.