bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated review of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of maternity health care professionals concerning umbilical cord clamping
Authors: Peberdy Lisa , Young Jeanine , Massey Debbie , Kearney Lauren 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundUmbilical cord clamp timing has implications for newborn health, which include increased iron stores up to 6 months of age. National and International cord clamping guidelines differ as do health professionals' practices. The rationale for differences in cord clamping practice is unclear.Aims and objectiveStudies on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of maternity health care professionals about cord clamp timing were synthesized. Similarities and differences between professional groups and understanding of the optimal timing of cord clamp timing for term newborns were compared.MethodsAn integrative review was undertaken. PubMed, Scopus, MIDIRS, CINAHL, and Google Scholar were searched. Publication date limits were set between January 2007 and December 2020. Quality appraisal was undertaken using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tools.ResultsEighteen studies met inclusion criteria, as they included primary research studies that investigated maternity health care professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices about umbilical cord clamping, and were written in English. Four main subject areas were identified: a) knowledge of optimal cord clamp timing; b) attitudes and perceptions of early vs deferred cord clamping; c) cord clamping practice; and d) rationale for cord clamping practice.ConclusionsDifferent attitudes and practices were identified between midwifery and medical professionals in relation to cord clamp timing together with health professional knowledge and practice gaps pertaining to optimal cord clamp timing. Contemporary evidence should inform guidelines for clinical practice and be embedded into maternity health professional curricula and professional development programs.
Links between shared and unique perspectives of parental psychological control and adolescent emotional problems: A dyadic daily diary study
Authors: Xu Jingyi , Zheng Yao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUsing month‐long daily diary data collected between 2019 and 2020 among 99 dyads of Canadian parents (58.6% White, Mage = 43.5, 69.7% female) and adolescents (51.5% White, Mage = 14.6, 53.5% female) from middle to high socioeconomic status families, this study investigated parents' and adolescents' daily shared and unique perceptions of parental psychological control and adolescent emotional problems at within‐ and between‐family level, and examined their cross‐day associations. Multilevel multi‐trait multi‐method confirmatory factor analysis revealed both convergence and divergence across parent–adolescent perceptions at the within level, but no convergence at the between level. Dynamic structural equation modeling revealed cross‐day associations across different perspectives of parenting and adolescent behaviors. Findings contribute novel knowledge to understanding parent–child daily interactions with a multi‐informant approach.
Breast satisfaction in adult women with Turner syndrome—An international survey employing the BREAST‐Q questionnaire
Authors: Idkowiak Jan , Smyth Arlene , Mundy Lily , Wanaguru Amy , Gleeson Helena , Högler Wolfgang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTurner syndrome (TS) is associated with short stature, delayed puberty, primary ovarian insufficiency, and other features. Most girls with TS require oestrogen replacement for pubertal induction. There is paucity of data in adult TS on pubertal outcomes, including breast satisfaction. Here, we assess breast satisfaction in TS with the BREAST‐Q questionnaire, a well‐validated patient‐related outcome measure (PROM).DesignInternational survey distributed online through TS support groups.PatientsAdult women aged 18–45 years with TS (self‐reported).MeasurementsThe questionnaire contained demographics, health history and the four domains of the BREAST‐Q. BREAST‐Q scores were matched on a one‐to‐one basis for age, body mass index (BMI) and educational background to a normative data set derived from the ‘Army of Women’, an online community of healthy volunteers.ResultsOf 97 total responses, 74 could be matched to the control cohort. Median age was 32 years (18–45 years) and 97% were White Caucasian. Median age at menarche was 15.5 years (12–34 years), 86% had received pubertal induction therapy as teenagers. We found significantly lower BREAST‐Q scores in TS in the domains ‘Satisfaction with Breast’ (p = .021), ‘Psychosocial Wellbeing’ (p < .0001) and ‘Sexual Wellbeing’ (p < .0001). TS who had received oestrogen replacement therapy reported lower scores compared to TS who had not received oestrogen therapy (p < .0001). Lower BMI and previous growth hormone therapy were associated with lower breast satisfaction.ConclusionsTS women who received oestrogen replacement for pubertal induction self‐report lower breast satisfaction scores and late menarche, suggesting that type, mode of delivery, dose and timing of hormone supplements merit prospective study.
Dermatoscopically narrowed surgical margins for head and neck basal cell carcinoma: A retrospective case‐control study
Authors: Herzum Astrid , Burlando Martina , Tavilla Pietro Paolo , Micalizzi Claudia , Molle Mattia Fabio , Cozzani Emanuele , Parodi Aurora 
Published: May 2022

SummaryBackgroundBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) can cause extensive tissue damage if untreated. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice, but especially in the head‐and neck area, defining both radical and healthy skin sparing surgical margins is complex.Materials and methodsExcised, small (≤ 1 cm), BCCs of the head and neck were retrospectively analyzed, comparing histological properness of surgical margins after clinical‐dermatoscopical preoperative evaluation (cases), vs. clinical evaluation only (controls) and recurrences.ResultsOf 281 BCCs: 6 % (8/139) of cases and 8 % (12/142) of controls had unproper deep margins; 4 % (5/139) of cases, 20 % (29/142) of controls had unproper lateral margins (P < 0.001). Surgical 3 mm lateral margins were unproper in 0 % (15/66) of cases, 15 % (10/66) of controls (P > 0.005); surgical 1–2 mm lateral margins were unproper in 7 % (5/73) of cases, 25 % (19/76) of controls (P < 0.01). Of cases excised at 3 mm, 1–2 mm, and controls, 1.5 %, 0 %, and 7.7 % recurred, respectively.ConclusionsBCC excision at 3 mm may be appropriate in the head and neck for small, dermatoscopically well‐defined and non‐aggressive BCCs, attaining surgical cure rates of 100 % and 1.5 % recurrences. Excision at 1–2 mm should be reserved only for BCCs in very difficult‐to‐treat areas, as the surgical cure rate was only 93 %.
Inducible and tissue‐specific cell labeling in Cre‐ERT2 transgenic Xenopus lines
Authors: Lin Tzi‐Yang , Taniguchi‐Sugiura Yuka , Murawala Prayag , Hermann Sarah , Tanaka Elly M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInvestigating cell lineage requires genetic tools that label cells in a temporal and tissue‐specific manner. The bacteriophage‐derived Cre‐ERT2/loxP system has been developed as a genetic tool for lineage tracing in many organisms. We recently reported a stable transgenic Xenopus line with a Cre‐ERT2/loxP system driven by the mouse Prrx1 (mPrrx1) enhancer to trace limb fibroblasts during the regeneration process (Prrx1:CreER line). Here we describe the detailed technological development and characterization of such line. Transgenic lines carrying a CAG promoter‐driven Cre‐ERT2/loxP system showed conditional labeling of muscle, epidermal, and interstitial cells in both the tadpole tail and the froglet leg upon 4‐hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT) treatment. We further improved the labeling efficiency in the Prrx1:CreER lines from 12.0% to 32.9% using the optimized 4OHT treatment regime. Careful histological examination showed that Prrx1:CreER lines also sparsely labeled cells in the brain, spinal cord, head dermis, and fibroblasts in the tail. This work provides the first demonstration of conditional, tissue‐specific cell labeling with the Cre‐ERT2/loxP system in stable transgenic Xenopus lines.
Early intervention for very young children with or at high likelihood for autism spectrum disorder: An overview of reviews
Authors: Franz Lauren , Goodwin Cara D. , Rieder Amber , Matheis Maya , Damiano Diane L. 
Published: May 2022

AimTo identify which interventions are supported by evidence and the quality of that evidence in very young children with or at high likelihood for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to improve child outcomes.MethodWe conducted an overview of reviews to synthesize early intervention literature for very young children with or at high likelihood for ASD. Cochrane guidance on how to perform overviews of reviews was followed. Comprehensive searches of databases were conducted for systematic reviews and meta‐analyses between January 2009 and December 2020. Review data were extracted and summarized and methodological quality was assessed. Primary randomized controlled trial evidence was summarized and risk of bias assessed. This overview of reviews was not registered.ResultsFrom 762 records, 78 full texts were reviewed and seven systematic reviews and meta‐analyses with 63 unique studies were identified. Several interventional approaches (naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention, and developmental and behavioral interventions) improved child developmental outcomes. Heterogeneity in design, intervention and control group, dose, delivery agent, and measurement approach was noted. Inconsistent methodological quality and potential biases were identified.InterpretationWhile many early interventional approaches have an impact on child outcomes, study heterogeneity and quality had an impact on our ability to draw firm conclusions regarding which treatments are most effective. Advances in trial methodology and design, and increasing attention to mitigating measurement bias, will advance the quality of the ASD early intervention evidence base.What this paper adds

Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions, as well as developmental and behavioral interventions, improve child outcomes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
If only randomized controlled trials are considered, guidelines for early intensive behavioral intervention in younger children should be revisited.
The greatest intervention impacts were on proximal, intervention‐specific outcomes.
Inadequacies in the quality of the early ASD intervention evidence base were observed.
A double‐blind, Randomized controlled trial on glucose‐lowering EFfects and safety of adding 0.25 or 0.5 mg lobeglitazone in type 2 diabetes patients with INadequate control on metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor therapy: REFIND study
Authors: Ryang Soree , Kim Sang Soo , Bae Ji Cheol , Han Ji Min , Kwon Su Kyoung , Kim Young Il , Nam‐Goong Il Seong , Kim Eun Sook , Kim Mi‐kyung , Lee Chang Won , Yoo Soyeon , Koh Gwanpyo , Kwon Min Jeong , Park Jeong Hyun , Kim In Joo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsTo compare the efficacy and safety of adding low‐dose lobeglitazone (0.25 mg/day) or standard‐dose lobeglitazone (0.5 mg/day) to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with inadequate glucose control on metformin and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP4) inhibitor therapy.Materials and MethodsIn this phase 4, multicentre, double‐blind, randomized controlled, non‐inferiority trial, patients with T2DM insufficiently controlled by metformin and DPP4 inhibitor combination therapy were randomized to receive either low‐dose or standard‐dose lobeglitazone. The primary endpoint was non‐inferiority of low‐dose lobeglitazone in terms of glycaemic control, expressed as the difference in mean glycated haemoglobin levels at week 24 relative to baseline values and compared with standard‐dose lobeglitazone, using 0.5% non‐inferiority margin.ResultsAt week 24, the mean glycated haemoglobin levels were 6.87 ± 0.54% and 6.68 ± 0.46% in low‐dose and standard‐dose lobeglitazone groups, respectively (p = .031). The between‐group difference was 0.18% (95% confidence interval 0.017‐0.345), showing non‐inferiority of the low‐dose lobeglitazone. Mean body weight changes were significantly greater in the standard‐dose group (1.36 ± 2.23 kg) than in the low‐dose group (0.50 ± 1.85 kg) at week 24. The changes in HOMA‐IR, lipid profile and liver enzyme levels showed no significant difference between the groups. Overall treatment‐emergent adverse events (including weight gain, oedema and hypoglycaemia) occurred more frequently in the standard‐dose group.ConclusionsAdding low‐dose lobeglitazone to metformin and DPP4 inhibitor combination resulted in a non‐inferior glucose‐lowering outcome and fewer adverse events compared with standard‐dose lobeglitazone. Therefore, low‐dose lobeglitazone might be one option for individualized strategy in patients with T2DM.
Type 2 diabetes subgroups and response to glucose‐lowering therapy: Results from the EDICT and Qatar studies
Authors: Abdul‐Ghani Tamam , Puckett Curtiss , Migahid Osama , Abdelgani Siham , Migahed Ayman , Adams John , Triplitt Curtis , DeFronzo Ralph , Jayyousi Amin , Abdul‐Ghani Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the efficacy of glucose‐lowering medications in subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Research design and methodsCluster analysis was performed in participants in the Efficacy and Durability of Initial Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes (EDICT) study and the Qatar study using age, body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and beta‐cell function (HOMA‐β). Participants also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with measurement of plasma glucose, insulin and C‐peptide concentrations to derive independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. The response to glucose‐lowering therapies (change in HbA1c) was measured in each participant cluster for 3 years.ResultsThree distinct and comparable clusters/groups of T2DM patients were identified in both the EDICT and Qatar studies. Participants in Group 1 had the highest HbA1c and manifested severe insulin deficiency. Participants in Group 3 had comparable insulin sensitivity to those in Group 1 but better beta‐cell function and better glucose control. Participants in Group 2 had the highest BMI with severe insulin resistance accompanied by marked hyperinsulinaemia, which was primarily attributable to decreased insulin clearance. Unexpectedly, participants in Group 1 had better response to combination therapy with pioglitazone plus exenatide than with insulin therapy or metformin sequentially followed by glipizide and basal insulin, while participants in Group 2 responded equally well to both therapies despite very severe insulin resistance.ConclusionDistinct metabolic phenotypes characterize different T2DM clusters and differential responses to glucose‐lowering therapies. Participants with severe insulin deficiency respond better to agents that preserve beta‐cell function, while, surprisingly, patients with severe insulin resistance did not respond favourably to insulin sensitizers.
Implementation of a food science and nutrition module in a dental undergraduate curriculum
Authors: Crowe Michael , O'Sullivan Michael , Winning Lewis , Cassetti Oscar , O'Connell Brian , O'Sullivan Aifric , Gibney Eileen , Doyle Suzanne L. , Bennett Annemarie , Moynihan Paula 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo outline the development and implementation of a food science and nutrition module for dental undergraduate students that provides basic knowledge and clinical skills for improving oral health outcomes and understanding their importance for overall health.Materials and methodsInterdisciplinary discussions with professionals with expertise in food science and nutrition, including dentists, dietitians and nutritionists, were held to agree on core subject areas in line with the evidence base. The module was delivered online to 2nd‐year dental students due to COVID‐19 restrictions. Students completed an online evaluation on completing the module. Final examination consisted of one essay question.ResultsSubject areas and learning outcomes were derived from current and previous approaches to curriculum development. A total of 14 prerecorded lectures, including healthy eating guidelines, dietary assessment, specific oral effects of diet and food constituents were delivered and tutorials provided. The evaluation survey had a 90% (n = 39/43) response rate. A majority indicated that the course was “interesting,” “worth doing” (59%) and “provided a good evidence base to understand nutrition and oral health” (87%). Nearly all students (92%) agreed that the course was “sufficiently structured to allow understanding of the key topics” and that “a good understanding of nutrition is important for a dentist” (95%).ConclusionA food science and nutrition module developed by a multidisciplinary team enabled dental students to gain an understanding of the role of diet in oral and overall health. The module facilitated the development of skills that enable students to utilise dietary assessment techniques and promote dietary interventions beneficial to oral health. The approach taken may act as a template for other institutions.
Altered grey matter integrity and network vulnerability relate to epilepsy occurrence in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ciolac Dumitru , Gonzalez‐Escamilla Gabriel , Winter Yaroslav , Melzer Nico , Luessi Felix , Radetz Angela , Fleischer Vinzenz , Groppa Stanislav A. , Kirsch Michael , Bittner Stefan , Zipp Frauke , Muthuraman Muthuraman , Meuth Sven G. , Grothe Matthias , Groppa Sergiu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of compartmentalized grey matter (GM) pathology and network reorganization in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with concomitant epilepsy.MethodsFrom 3‐T magnetic resonance imaging scans of 30 MS patients with epilepsy (MSE group; age 41 ± 15 years, 21 females, disease duration 8 ± 6 years, median Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score 3), 60 MS patients without epilepsy (MS group; age 41 ± 12 years, 35 females, disease duration 6 ± 4 years, EDSS score 2), and 60 healthy subjects (HS group; age 40 ± 13 years, 27 females) the regional volumes of GM lesions and of cortical, subcortical and hippocampal structures were quantified. Network topology and vulnerability were modelled within the graph theoretical framework. Receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to assess the accuracy of GM pathology measures to discriminate between MSE and MS patients.ResultsHigher lesion volumes within the hippocampus, mesiotemporal cortex and amygdala were detected in the MSE compared to the MS group (all p < 0.05). The MSE group had lower cortical volumes mainly in temporal and parietal areas compared to the MS and HS groups (all p < 0.05). Lower hippocampal tail and presubiculum volumes were identified in both the MSE and MS groups compared to the HS group (all p < 0.05). Network topology in the MSE group was characterized by higher transitivity and assortativity, and higher vulnerability compared to the MS and HS groups (all p < 0.05). Hippocampal lesion volume yielded the highest accuracy (area under the ROC curve 0.80 [0.67–0.91]) in discriminating between MSE and MS patients.ConclusionsHigh lesion load, altered integrity of mesiotemporal GM structures, and network reorganization are associated with a greater propensity for epilepsy occurrence in people with MS.
Epilepsy Milestones 2.0: An updated framework for assessing epilepsy fellowships and fellows
Authors: Thio Liu Lin , Edgar Laura , Ali Imran , Farooque Pue , Holland Katherine D. , Mizrahi Eli M. , Shahid Asim M. , Shin Hae Won , Yoo Ji Yeoun , Carlson Chad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveAccreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)‐accredited epilepsy fellowships, like other ACGME accredited training programs, use Milestones to establish learning objectives and to evaluate how well trainees are achieving these goals. The ACGME began developing the second iteration of the Milestones 6 years ago, and these are now being adapted to all specialties. Here, we describe the process by which Epilepsy Milestones 2.0 were developed and summarize them.MethodsA work group of nine board‐certified, adult and pediatric epileptologists reviewed Epilepsy Milestones 1.0 and revised them using a modified Delphi approach.ResultsThe new Milestones share structural changes with all other specialties, including a clearer stepwise progression in professional development and the harmonized Milestones that address competencies common to all medical fields. Much of the epilepsy‐specific content remains the same, although a major addition is a set of Milestones focused on reading and interpreting electroencephalograms (EEGs), which the old Milestones lacked. Epilepsy Milestones 2.0 includes a Supplemental Guide to help program directors implement the new Milestones. Together, Epilepsy Milestones 2.0 and the Supplemental Guide recognize advances in epilepsy, including stereo‐EEG, neurostimulation, genetics, and safety in epilepsy monitoring units.SignificanceEpilepsy Milestones 2.0 address the shortcomings of the old Milestones and should facilitate the assessment of epilepsy fellowships and fellows by program directors, faculty, and fellows themselves.
An AI powered system call analysis with bag of word approaches for the detection of intrusions and malware in Australian Defence Force Academy and virtual machine monitor malware attack data set
Authors: Melvin Appu Alfred Raja , Kathrine Gnanaraj Jaspher W. , Pasupathi Subbulakshmi , Shanmuganathan Vimal , Naganathan Rajalingam 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study propose the use of AI enabled machine learning algorithms with the Bag‐of‐Word (BoW) methods for the detection of intrusions by analysing the system call patterns. Host based Intrusion Detection System can make use of system call patterns to differentiate between normal and anomalous program behaviours. First, the system call patterns are pre‐processed with different approaches like BoW, BoW with Boolean value, BoW with Probability value and BoW with TF‐IDF. Next machine learning algorithms are used to evaluate the performance of classifier models. We used J48 (C4.5), Random Forrest, RIPPER, KNN, SVM, and NaiveBayes ML algorithms. This process was carried out on ADFA‐LD and on our proposed virtual machine monitor (VMM) malware attack data set for analysis. The proposed work is evaluated based on detection accuracy and false alarm rate metrics. Random Forrest algorithm performs better compared with other ML algorithms in terms of intrusion detection accuracy and false alarm rate on ADFA and VMM malware data set. The proposed data set provide better results compared with ADFA‐LD analysed using ML algorithms. The classifier model trained with ADFA and VMM malware system call data sets may do predictive analytics in detecting security issues for Industry 4.0 systems.