bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomics of Serrasalmidae teleosts through the lens of microbiome fingerprinting
Authors: Sylvain François‐Étienne , Normandeau Eric , Holland Aleicia , Luis Val Adalberto , Derome Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAssociations between host genotype and host‐associated microbiomes have been shown in a variety of animal clades, but studies on teleosts mostly show weak associations. Our study aimed to explore these relationships in four sympatric Serrasalmidae (i.e., piranha) teleosts from an Amazonian lake, using data sets from the hosts genomes (single nucleotide polymorphisms from genotyping by sequencing), skin and gut microbiomes (16S rRNA gene metataxonomics) and diets (COI metabarcoding) from the same fish individuals. First, we investigated whether there were significant covariations of microbiome and fish genotypes at the inter‐ and intraspecific levels. We also assessed the extent of covariation between Serrasalmidae diet and microbiome, to isolate genotypic from dietary effects on community structure. We observed a significant covariation of skin microbiomes and host genotypes at interspecific (R2 = 24.4%) and intraspecific (R2 = 6.2%) levels, whereas gut microbiomes correlated poorly with host genotypes. Serrasalmidae diet composition was significantly correlated to fish genotype only at the interspecific level (R2 = 5.4%), but did not covary with gut microbiome composition (Mantel R = −.04). Second, we investigated whether the study of interspecific differentiation could benefit from considering host‐associated microbial communities in addition to host genotypes. By using a nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination‐based approach, we observed that ordinations from skin‐ and gut species‐specific bacterial biomarkers identified through a random forest algorithm could significantly increase the average interspecific differentiation detected through host genotype data alone. Although future studies encompassing additional species and environments are needed, our results suggest Serrasalmidae microbiomes could constitute an insightful trait to be considered when studying the interspecific differences between members of this clade.
PINK1‐mediated mitophagy reduced inflammatory responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis in macrophages
Authors: Jiang Ke , Li Jingwen , Jiang Lishan , Li Houxuan , Lei Lang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveMitochondria are strained by microbial stimuli in the periodontal niche. Damaged mitochondria are cleared by mitophagy. The purpose of the study was to explore whether mitophagy participated in the progress of periodontitis and whether activation of mitophagy can inhibit inflammatory responses to bacterial infection in macrophages.MethodsMitophagy‐related genes were measured in the healthy and inflamed human gingiva. Bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMDMs) were infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis. Dexmedetomidine, urolithin A, and resveratrol were used to activate mitophagy, while small interference RNA was utilized to knock down PTEN‐induced putative protein kinase 1 (PINK1). Activation of mitophagy‐related genes and colocalization of them were detected by Western blot and confocal imaging. Damages of mitochondria, accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and production of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α were measured.ResultsLevels of mitophagy‐related genes were decreased in inflamed periodontal tissues and P. gingivalis‐infected BMDMs. Dexmedetomidine, urolithin A, and resveratrol activated mitophagy, leading to reduced mitochondria damages, decreased mtROS generation, and inhibited IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α production. PINK1 knockdown reduced dexmedetomidine, urolithin A, and resveratrol‐induced anti‐inflammatory effect.ConclusionInhibited mitophagy participated in the progress of periodontitis. Activation of mitophagy may become a therapeutic target during the progress of periodontitis by reducing mtROS.
Translating the Field
Authors: Vider Jaanika 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe University of Oxford Siberian expedition (1914–1915) led by Maria Czaplicka brought to the United Kingdom knowledge and objects from the little‐known Yenise region in Siberia. The photographs taken during this expedition exemplify the uncertain role of photography in anthropology at this time and speak of the possibilities afforded by the abundance of the medium. Comparing the photographic outputs of the expedition to those of the first British generation of field‐working ethnographers and Arctic explorers, this article examines early ethnographic photography as a form of translation aimed at diverse audiences.
Clinical application of the StatSensor and StatSensor Xpress point‐of‐care creatinine measurement devices in dogs
Authors: Chalifoux Nolan V. , Rizzo Kaila , Stefanovski Darko , Weinstein Nicole M. , Silverstein Deborah C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCreatinine is a universally important blood parameter used to detect and monitor acute and chronic kidney disease. Reliable measurements at the bedside remain a challenge in human and veterinary medicine. Despite its potential, a trustworthy point‐of‐care creatinine biosensor has yet to be established.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the precision and accuracy of the StatSensor (SS) and StatSensor Xpress (SSX) handheld creatinine measurement devices in dogs.MethodsPaired creatinine samples from dogs with normal (creatinine ≤159 μmol/L), moderate (159–354 μmol/L), and marked (>354 μmol/L) azotemia were compared with a commercial enzymatic analyzer. Within‐day precision and linearity studies were performed prior to method comparison studies. Method comparison was evaluated using Bland–Altman, concordance correlation coefficient, Deming, and Passing‐Bablok regression analysis.ResultsSeventy‐eight dogs were enrolled in the study, including 28 (35%), 25 (32%), and 26 (33%) with normal, moderate, and marked azotemia. Total error surpassed recommendations for all devices, and linearity deviated from identity for the SS1 and SS2. The concordance correlation coefficients of the SS1, SS2, SSXI, and SSX2, were 0.69, 0.59, 0.82, and 0.44, respectively. Bland–Altman analyses showed a high variation in the differences, and relationships showed high heteroskedasticity with negative systemic bias among high creatinine concentrations.ConclusionsNeither the SS and SSX are considered acceptable for clinical applications in dogs. Further research is indicated for the development of a reliable, cost‐effective, point‐of‐care creatinine analyzer to improve the rapid detection and monitoring human and veterinary patients.
Study on the Effect of Core Stability Training on the Recovery of Dynamic Balance Capacity After Sport Injury
Authors: Shi Yi , Wang Peng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Injured athletes need to do appropriate exercises to restore dynamic balance capacity. This paper briefly introduced core stability and its training. Twenty athletes with knee injuries in the Third Hospital of Shanxi Province were divided into a regular training group and a core training group, for example, analysis. The knee joint function and coordination and balance ability of both groups before and after training were tested. The results suggest that core stability training is more conducive to promoting the recovery of knee function and coordination and balance ability under dynamic and static conditions.
Crystallographic Design of Intercalation Materials
Authors: Renuka Balakrishna Ananya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntercalation materials are promising candidates for reversible energy storage and are, for example, used as lithium-battery electrodes, hydrogen-storage compounds, and electrochromic materials. An important issue preventing the more widespread use of these materials is that they undergo structural transformations (of up to ∼10% lattice strains) during intercalation, which expand the material, nucleate microcracks, and, ultimately, lead to material failure. Besides the structural transformation of lattices, the crystallographic texture of the intercalation material plays a key role in governing ion-transport properties, generating phase separation microstructures, and elastically interacting with crystal defects. In this review, I provide an overview of how the structural transformation of lattices, phase transformation microstructures, and crystallographic defects affect the chemo-mechanical properties of intercalation materials. In each section, I identify the key challenges and opportunities to crystallographically design intercalation compounds to improve their properties and lifespans. I predominantly cite examples from the literature of intercalation cathodes used in rechargeable batteries, however, the identified challenges and opportunities are transferable to a broader range of intercalation compounds.
Curvature-Sensitive Transition Model Application to Flow Around a Smooth Circular Cylinder
Authors: Hafez Ahmed M. , Abd El-Rahman Ahmed I. , Khater Hany A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Transition modeling in complex flow situations including adverse pressure gradient, streamline curvature, and massive flow separation represents one of the key challenges in computational fluid dynamics that greatly affects the flow characteristics in many thermal and fluid sciences applications. Here, we report a comparative study that helps investigate the capability of the curvature-sensitive kT−kL−ω−v2 transition model against the original kT−kL−ω algorithm in predicting the flow behavior surrounding a smooth circular cylinder subjected to Reynolds numbers in the range from 3.9×103 to 3.6×106. A C-program that fully accounts for the model's four transport equations is particularly developed and coupled with the transient solver of ansysfluent. The present simulation enables accurate prediction of the distributions of skin-friction and pressure coefficients along with careful specification of the corresponding drag coefficients and angles of separation and transition. The simulation reveals insignificant variations in the bulk flow behaviors using either model in both sub- and critical flow regimes while a remarkable improvement in the supercritical drag result is achieved using the curvature-sensitive model.
Comparing National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II Athletes’ Perceptions of Social Support Following Injury, Illness, and Other Identified Stressors
Authors: Anderson Martha J. , Ingram Yvette , Meyer Linda , West Thomas , West Ellen 
Published: June 2022

Collegiate athletes have demonstrated a need for social support to help cope with their daily responsibilities. The purpose of this research was to explore National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes’ perception of social support from friends, teammates, family, coaches, significant others, and athletic trainers following injury, illness, or other identified life stressors. There were 546 participants who completed a five-part survey using the University Stress Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Athletic Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Perceived Stress Scale, and a demographic section. Of the participants, 352 (64.5%) stated that they experienced moderate stress levels, and all participants indicated experiencing an identified life stressor within the last 12 months. The results indicated statistically significant differences when comparing providers of social support: females preferred the support of friends, significant others, and athletic trainers, and freshmen and sophomores perceived more social support from friends than did juniors and seniors.
Effect of intramuscular midazolam premedication on patient satisfaction in women undergoing general anaesthesia: a randomised control trial
Authors: Song Seung Woo , Jin Younghyun , Lim Hyunjae , Lee Jonghoon , Lee Kwang Ho 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the effect of premedication with intramuscular midazolam on patient satisfaction in women undergoing general anaesthesia.Trial design, setting and participantsDouble-blind, parallel randomised control trial at a tertiary care medical centre in South Korea. Initially, 140 women aged 20–65 years who underwent general anaesthesia and had an American Society of Anesthesiology physical status classification of I or II were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group, and 134 patients (intervention n=65; control n=69) completed the study.InterventionIntramuscular administration of midazolam (0.05 mg/kg) or placebo (normal saline 0.01 mL/kg) on arrival at the preoperative holding area.Main outcomesThe primary outcome was the patient’s overall satisfaction with the anaesthesia experience as determined by questionnaire responses on the day after surgery. Satisfaction was defined as a response of 3 or 4 on a five-point scale (0–4). The secondary outcomes included blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen desaturation, recovery duration and postoperative pain.ResultsPatients who received midazolam were more satisfied than those who received placebo (percentage difference: 21.0%, OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.46 to 8.70). A subgroup analysis revealed that this difference was greater in patients with anxiety, defined as those whose Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale anxiety score was ≥11, than that for the whole sample population (percentage difference: 24.0%, OR 4.33, 95% CI 1.25 to 14.96). Both groups had similar heart rates, blood pressure and oxygen desaturation.ConclusionIntramuscular administration of midazolam in women before general anaesthesia in the preoperative holding area improved self-reported satisfaction with the anaesthesia experience, with an acceptable safety profile.Trial registration numberKCT0006002.
Development and internal validation of the Edmonton Obesity Staging System-2 Risk screening Tool (EOSS-2 Risk Tool) for weight-related health complications: a case-control study in a representative sample of Australian adults with overweight and obesity
Authors: Atlantis Evan , John James Rufus , Hocking SL , Peters Kath , Williams Kathryn , Dugdale Paul , Fahey P 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveExcess weight and related health complications remain under diagnosed and poorly treated in general practice. We aimed to develop and validate a brief screening tool for determining the presence of unknown clinically significant weight-related health complications for potential application in general practice.DesignWe considered 14 self-reported candidate predictors of clinically significant weight-related health complications according to the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS score of ≥2) and developed models using multivariate logistic regression across training and test data sets. The final model was chosen based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic; and validated using sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value.Setting and participantsWe analysed cross-sectional data from the Australian Health Survey 2011–2013 sample aged between 18 and 65 years (n=7518) with at least overweight and obesity.ResultsAn EOSS≥2 classification was present in 78% of the sample. Of 14 candidate risk factors, 6 (family history of diabetes, hypertension, high sugar in blood/urine, high cholesterol and self-reported bodily pain and disability) were automatically included based on definitional or obvious correlational criteria. Three variables were retained in the final multivariate model (age, self-assessed health and history of depression/anxiety). The EOSS-2 Risk Tool (index test) classified 89% of those at ‘extremely high risk’ (≥25 points), 67% of those at ‘very high risk’ (7–24 points) and 42% of those at ‘high risk’ (<7 points) of meeting diagnostic criteria for EOSS≥2 (reference).ConclusionThe EOSS-2 Risk Tool is a simple, safe and accurate screening tool for diagnostic criteria for clinically significant weight-related complications for potential application in general practice. Research to determine the feasibility and applicability of the EOSS-2 Risk Tool for improving weight management approaches in general practice is warranted.
A scoping review of real-time automated clinical deterioration alerts and evidence of impacts on hospitalised patient outcomes
Authors: Blythe Robin , Parsons Rex , White Nicole M , Cook David , McPhail Steven 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundHospital patients experiencing clinical deterioration are at greater risk of adverse events. Monitoring patients through early warning systems is widespread, despite limited published evidence that they improve patient outcomes. Current limitations including infrequent or incorrect risk calculations may be mitigated by integration into electronic medical records. Our objective was to examine the impact on patient outcomes of systems for detecting and responding to real-time, automated alerts for clinical deterioration.MethodsThis review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. We searched Medline, CINAHL and Embase for articles implementing real-time, automated deterioration alerts in hospitalised adults evaluating one or more patient outcomes including intensive care unit admission, length of stay, in-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest and in-hospital death.ResultsOf 639 studies identified, 18 were included in this review. Most studies did not report statistically significant associations between alert implementation and better patient outcomes. Four studies reported statistically significant improvements in two or more patient outcomes, and were the only studies to directly involve the patient’s clinician. However, only one of these four studies was robust to existing trends in patient outcomes. Of the six studies using robust study designs, one reported a statistically significant improvement in patient outcomes; the rest did not detect differences.ConclusionsMost studies in this review did not detect improvements in patient outcomes following the implementation of real-time deterioration alerts. Future implementation studies should consider: directly involving the patient’s physician or a dedicated surveillance nurse in structured response protocols for deteriorating patients; the workflow of alert recipients; and incorporating model features into the decision process to improve clinical utility.
Super large-bore ingestion of clot (SLIC) leads to high first pass effect in thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion
Authors: Massari Francesco , Dabus Guilherme , Cortez Gustavo M , Singh Jasmeet , Kuhn Anna Luisa , Naragum Varun , Anagnostakou Vania , Hanel Ricardo A , Gounis Matthew J , Puri Ajit S 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSuper large-bore aspiration (SLBA) has shown high rates of complete clot ingestion.ObjectiveTo report the initial clinical feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this novel SLBA insert combination—super large-bore ingestion of clot (SLIC) technique for stroke.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of three comprehensive stroke center databases. The SLIC technique entails a triaxial assembly of an 8 Fr 0.106″ Base Camp catheter, 0.088″ catheter extender (HiPoint), and an insert catheter (Tenzing 8) that completely consumes the inner diameter of the 0.088″ SLBA catheter. The HiPoint catheter is delivered over the Tenzing 8 to the face of the embolus, which is withdrawn, while aspirating through the Base Camp and HiPoint catheters as a single assembly.ResultsThirty-three consecutive patients with large vessel occlusion were treated with SLIC. The median age was 70 years (30–91) and 17 were male (51.5%). The median presenting National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score was 21 (1–34) and 8 (5–10), respectively. There was 100% success in delivering the 0.088″ catheter to the site of the occlusion. The successful revascularization rate (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) score ≥2B) was 100% within a single pass in most cases (82%). Final mTICI ≥2C was achieved in 94.1% of occlusions, with 73.5% mTICI 3 recanalization. The rate of first pass effect in achieving excellent reperfusion (mTICI ≥2C) was 70.5%. There were no adverse events or postprocedural symptomatic hemorrhages.ConclusionsOur initial experience with the SLIC technique resulted in achieving a first pass effect (mTICI ≥2C) in 70.5%. Navigation of the SLBA catheter extender over the Tenzing insert was successful and safe in this early experience.
Chronic knee osteoarthritis: Relationships of body mass index and selected psychosocial factors among Nigerians
Authors: Odole Adesola , Ekediegwu Ezinne , Ekechukwu E. N. D. 
Published: June 2022

Background: Knee Osteoarthritis is the most commonly affected joint among Africans. There is a shred of preliminary evidence that a high body mass index (BMI) is associated with high kinesiophobia. Little is known about the relationships of psychosocial factors such as Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing (PC), Self-Efficacy (SE), and BMI among Nigerians with knee OA. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationships between BMI and selected psychosocial factors (kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, and self-efficacy) among individuals with knee OA in Nigeria. Methods: Seventy-seven consecutively sampled patients diagnosed with knee OA from three selected public hospitals in Enugu, South-East Nigeria, participated in this cross-sectional survey. Brief Fear of Movement Scale for Osteoarthritis (BFMSO), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale-8 item (ASES-8 item) were used to assess Kinesiophobia, PC, and SE, respectively. Also, a stadiometer and weighing scale were used to determine height and weight respectively. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient at [Formula: see text] and multiple linear regression. Results: Participants were aged [Formula: see text] years. Female participants had a higher BMI ([Formula: see text]) than the males ([Formula: see text]). The mean scores for BMI of the right knee, left knee, and bilateral knees were [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between BMI and PC ([Formula: see text]) whereas significant negative correlations existed between BMI and SE ([Formula: see text]). Significant predictive markers of BMI were PC ([Formula: see text]) and SE ([Formula: see text]). Conclusion: Body mass index, PC, and SE correlate significantly in individuals with knee OA. The results call for the routine integration of psychologically-informed physiotherapy practice in the management of knee OA.
Microlithic occurrences associated with sediments dated to terminal Pleistocene–Late Holocene in the central Narmada Basin, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Tiwari Nupur , Morthekai P. , Krishnan K. , Chauhan Parth R. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The earliest occurrence of microliths in South Asia dates back to the Late Pleistocene at Mehtakheri (45 ka) and Dhaba (48 ka) in Central India, Jwalapuram 9 in Southern India (38 ka), Kana and Mahadebbara in Northeastern India (42–25 ka) and Batadomba-Lena (35–36 ka) and Fa Hien Lena (48 ka) in Sri Lanka. Microlithic technology is distributed across the entire Indian Subcontinent and chronologically continues up to the Iron Age and Early Historic periods. This chapter discusses new data acquired from the first author's doctoral research in the two districts of Madhya Pradesh (Hoshangabad – now renamed Narmadapuram – and Sehore), which fall within the central part of the Narmada Basin in central India. We present here preliminary dates from key areas of distribution to understand the geochronological contexts of microliths at Pilikarar, Morpani and Gurla-Sukkarwada. Initial dates from these respective occurrences range between 14 ka and 3 ka.