bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High smoking and low cessation rates among patients in treatment for opioid and other substance use disorders
Authors: Bjørnestad Endre Dahlen , Vederhus John-Kåre , Clausen Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Smoking is a well-documented cause of health problems among individuals with substance use disorders. For patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), the risk for somatic health problems, including preventable diseases associated with tobacco smoking, increases with age. Our aim was to describe smoking among patients entering substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, investigate changes in smoking from the start of treatment to 1-year follow-up, and explore factors related to smoking cessation.

Methods:
We employed data from the Norwegian Cohort of Patient in Opioid Maintenance Treatment and Other Drug Treatment Study (NorComt). Participants were 335 patients entering SUD treatment at 21 participating facilities across Norway. They were interviewed at the start of treatment and at 1-year follow-up. The main outcomes were smoking and smoking cessation by treatment modality. A logistic regression identified factors associated with smoking cessation.

Results:
High levels of smoking were reported at the start of treatment in both OMT (94%) and other SUD inpatient treatment patients (93%). At 1-year follow-up most patients in OMT were still smoking (87%), and the majority of the inpatients were still smoking (69%). Treatment as an inpatient was positively associated and higher age was negatively associated with smoking cessation. Most patients who quit smoking transitioned to smokeless tobacco or kept their existing smokeless habit.

Conclusion:
As illustrated by the high smoking prevalence and relatively low cessation levels in our sample, an increased focus on smoking cessation for patients currently in OMT and other SUD treatment is warranted. Harm-reduction oriented smoking interventions may be relevant.
A hybrid of long short-term memory neural network and autoregressive integrated moving average model in forecasting HIV incidence and morality of post-neonatal population in East Asia: global burden of diseases 2000–2019
Authors: Chen Ying , He Jiawen , Wang Meihua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To forecast the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and mortality of post-neonatal population in East Asia including North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia, Japan and China Mainland and Taiwan province.

Methods
The data on the incidence and mortality of HIV in post-neonatal population from East Asia were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD). The morbidity and mortality of post-neonatal HIV population from GBD 2000 to GBD 2013 were applied as the training set and the morbidity and mortality from GBD 2014 to GBD 2019 were used as the testing set. The hybrid of ARIMA and LSTM model was used to construct the model for assessing the morbidity and mortality in the countries and territories of East Asia, and predicting the morbidity and mortality in the next 5 years.

Results
In North Korea, the incidence and mortality of HIV showed a rapid increase during 2000–2010 and a gradual decrease during 2010–2019. The incidence of HIV was predicted to be increased and the mortality was decreased. In South Korea, the incidence was increased during 2000–2010 and decreased during 2010–2019, while the mortality showed fluctuant trend. As predicted, the incidence of HIV in South Korea might be increased and the mortality might be decreased during 2020–2025. In Mongolia, the incidence and mortality were slowly decreased during 2000–2005, increased during 2005–2015, and rapidly decreased till 2019. The predicted incidence and mortality of HIV showed a decreased trend. As for Japan, the incidence of HIV was rapidly increased till 2010 and then decreased till 2015. The predicted incidence of HIV in Japan was gradually increased. The mortality of HIV in Japan was fluctuant during 2000–2019 and was slowly decreased as predicted. The incidence and mortality of HIV in Taiwan during 2000–2019 was increased on the whole. The predicted incidence of HIV during was stationary and the mortality was decreased. In terms of China Mainland, the incidence and mortality of HIV was fluctuant during 2000–2019. The predicted incidence of HIV in China Mainland was stationary while the mortality was rapidly decreased.

Conclusion
On the whole, the incidence of HIV combined with other diseases in post-neonatal population was increased before 2010 and then decreased during 2010–2019 while the mortality of those patients was decreased in East Asia.
What is the prevalence of peri-implantitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Diaz Pedro , Gonzalo Esther , Villagra Luis J. Gil , Miegimolle Barbara , Suarez Maria J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeri-implantitis is a usual finding but estimates of its prevalence fluctuate very much. This may be due to the wide variety of disease definitions. This systematic review aims to estimate the overall prevalence of peri-implantitis and the effect of different study designs, function times and use of probing depth on prevalence rate.MethodsFollowing electronic and manual searches of the literature published from January 2005 to December 2021, data were extracted from the studies fitting the study criteria. Fifty-seven articles were included in this study.ResultsPrevalence of peri-implantitis was 19.53% (95% CI 12.87–26.19) at the patient-level, and 12.53% (95% CI 11.67–13.39) at the implant-level and it remains highly variable even following restriction to the clinical case definition. The use of probing depth like diagnostic criteria affected the prevalence data.ConclusionThe results indicate that it remains essential the identification of the diagnostic markers for more accurate disease classification.
Network pharmacology and molecular docking-based prediction of active compounds and mechanisms of action of Cnidii Fructus in treating atopic dermatitis
Authors: Khan Shakeel Ahmad , Wu Ying , Li Amy Sze-Man , Fu Xiu-Qiong , Yu Zhi-Ling 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease that compromises the skin's barrier function and capacity to retain moisture. Cnidii Fructus (CF), the dried fruits ofCnidium monnieri, has long been used to treat atopic dermatitis (AD) in China. However, the anti-AD compounds and mechanisms of CF are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated the active compounds and molecular targets of CF in treating AD.MethodsThe Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database was used to acquire information regarding the compounds that occur in the herb. Targets of these compounds were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction website tool. AD-related genes were collected from the GeneCards database. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis of proteins that are targeted by active compounds of CF and encoded by AD-related genes were performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery Bioinformatics Resources. A “compound-target” network was constructed and analyzed using Cytoscape Software. Molecular docking was performed using BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer and AutoDock Vina.ResultsWe identified 19 active compounds in CF, 532 potential targets for these compounds, and 1540 genes related to AD. Results of GO enrichment indicated that CF affects biological processes and molecular functions, such as inflammatory response and steroid hormone receptor activity, which may be associated with its anti-AD effects. KEGG pathway analyses showed that PI3K-Akt signaling, calcium signaling, Rap1 signaling, and cAMP signaling pathways are the main pathways involved in the anti-AD effects of CF. Molecular docking analyses revealed that the key active compounds in CF, such as (E)-2,3-bis(2-keto-7-methoxy-chromen-8-yl)acrolein, ar-curcumene, and diosmetin, can bind the main therapeutic targets AKT1, SRC, MAPK3, EGFR, CASP3, and PTGS2.ConclusionsResults of the present study establish a foundation for further investigation of the anti-AD compounds and mechanisms of CF and provide a basis for developing modern anti-AD agents based on compounds that occur in CF.
A named GP increases self-reported access to health care services
Authors: Lautamatti Emmi , Mattila Kari , Suominen Sakari , Sillanmäki Lauri , Sumanen Markku 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Continuity of care strengthens health promotion and decreases mortality, although the mechanisms of these effects are still unclear. In recent decades, continuity of care and accessibility of health care services have both decreased in Finland.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate whether a named and assigned GP representing continuity of care is associated with the use of primary and hospital health care services and to create knowledge on the state of continuity of care in a changing health care system in Finland.

Methods
The data are part of the Health and Social Support (HeSSup) mail survey based on a random Finnish working age population sample of 64,797 individuals drawn in 1998 and follow-up surveys in 2003 and 2012. The response rate in 1998 was 40% (n = 25,898). Continuity of care was derived from the 2003 and 2012 data sets, other variables from the 2012 survey (n = 11,924). The principal outcome variables were primary health care and hospital service use reported by participants. The association of the explanatory variables (gender, age, education, reported chronic diseases, health status, smoking, obesity, NYHA class of any functional limitation, depressive mood and continuity of care) with the outcome variables was analysed by binomial logistic regression analysis.

Results
A named and assigned GP was independently and significantly associated with more frequent use of primary and hospital care in the adjusted logistic regression analysis (ORs 1.53 (95% CI 1.35–1.72) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.08–1.32), p < 0.001).

Conclusion
A named GPs is associated with an increased use of primary care and hospital services. A named GP assures access to health care services especially to the chronically ill population. The results depict the state of continuity of care in Finland. All benefits of continuity of care are not enabled although it still assures treatment of population in the most vulnerable position.
Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss
Authors: Vidal-Ostos Fernando , Ramos-Lopez Omar , Jebb Susan A. , Papadaki Angeliki , Pfeiffer Andreas F. H. , Handjieva-Darlenska Teodora , Kunešová Marie , Blaak Ellen E. , Astrup Arne , Martinez J. Alfredo ,   Diet, Obesity, and Genes (Diogenes) Project
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and aimThe role of dietary protein and glycemic index on insulin resistance (based on TyG index) within a nutritional program for weight loss and weight maintenance was examined.MethodsThis study analyzed 744 adults with overweight/obesity within the DIOGenes project. Patients who lost at least 8% of their initial weight (0–8 weeks) after a low-calorie diet (LCD) were randomly assigned to one of five ad libitum diets designed for weight maintenance (8–34 weeks): high/low protein (HP/LP) and high/low glycemic index (HGI/LGI), plus a control. The complete nutritional program (0–34 weeks) included both LCD plus the randomized diets intervention. The TyG index was tested as marker of body mass composition and insulin resistance.ResultsIn comparison with the LP/HGI diet, the HP/LGI diet induced a greater BMI loss (p < 0.05). ∆TyG was positively associated with resistance to BMI loss (β = 0.343,p = 0.042) during the weight maintenance stage. In patients who followed the HP/LGI diet, TyG (after LCD) correlated with greater BMI loss in the 8–34 weeks period (r = −0.256;p < 0.05) and during the 0–34 weeks intervention (r = −0.222,p < 0.05) periods. ΔTyG1value was associated with ΔBMI2(β = 0.932;p = 0.045) concerning the HP/LGI diet.ConclusionsA HP/LGI diet is beneficial not only for weight maintenance after a LCD, but is also related to IR amelioration as assessed by TyG index changes. Registration Clinical Trials NCT00390637.
Structural analysis of PpSP15 and PsSP9 sand fly salivary proteins designed with a self-cleavable linker as a live vaccine candidate against cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Lajevardi Mahya Sadat , Taheri Tahereh , Gholami Elham , Seyed Negar , Rafati Sima 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Leishmania parasites are deposited in the host through sand fly bites along with sand fly saliva. Therefore, salivary proteins are promising vaccine candidates for controlling leishmaniasis. Herein, two immunogenic salivary proteins, PpSP15 from Phlebotomus papatasi and PsSP9 from Phlebotomus sergenti, were selected as vaccine candidates to be delivered by live Leishmania tarentolae as vector. The stepwise in silico protocol advantaged in this study for multi-protein design in L. tarentolae is then described in detail.

Methods
All possible combinations of two salivary proteins, PpSP15 and PsSP9, with or without T2A peptide were designed at the mRNA and protein levels. Then, the best combination for the vaccine candidate was selected based on mRNA and protein stability along with peptide analysis.

Results
At the mRNA level, the most favored secondary structure was PpSP15-T2A-PsSP9. At the protein level, the refined three-dimensional models of all combinations were structurally valid; however, local quality estimation showed that the PpSp15-T2A-PsSP9 fusion had higher stability for each amino acid position, with low root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), compared with the original proteins. In silico evaluation confirmed the PpSP15-T2A-PsSP9 combination as a good Th1-polarizing candidate in terms of high IFN-γ production and low IL-10/TGF-β ratio in response to three consecutive immunizations. Potential protein expression was then confirmed by Western blotting.

Conclusions
The approach presented herein is among the first studies to have privileged protein homology modeling along with mRNA analysis for logical live vaccine design-coding multi-proteins.
Molecular analysis of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of Aedes aegypti populations from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mashlawi Abadi M. , Al-Nazawi Ashwaq M. , Noureldin Elsiddig M. , Alqahtani Hussain , Mahyoub Jazem A. , Saingamsook Jassada , Debboun Mustapha , Kaddumukasa Martha , Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M. , Walton Catherine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika viruses worldwide. The first record of Ae. aegypti in southwestern Saudi Arabia was in 1956. However, the first outbreak and cases of dengue fever were reported in 1994, and cases have increased in recent years. Vector control for Ae. aegypti mainly uses pyrethroid insecticides in outdoor and indoor space spraying. The constant use of pyrethroids has exerted intense selection pressure for developing target-site mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene in Ae. Aegypti against pyrethroids—mutations that have led to knockdown resistance (kdr).

Methods
Aedes aegypti field populations from five regions (Jazan, Sahil, Makkah, Jeddah and Madinah) of southwestern Saudi Arabia were genotyped for known kdr mutations in domains IIS6 and IIIS6 of the vgsc gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequencing. We estimated the frequency of kdr mutations and genotypes from Saudi Arabia as well as from other countries, Thailand, Myanmar (Southeast Asia) and Uganda (East Africa). We constructed haplotype networks to infer the evolutionary relationships of these gene regions.

Results
The three known kdr mutations, S989P, V1016G (IIS6) and F1534C (IIIS6), were detected in all five regions of Saudi Arabia. Interestingly, the triple homozygous wild genotype was reported for the first time in two individuals from the highlands of the Jazan region and one from the Al-Quoz, Sahil region. Overall, nine genotypes comprising four haplotypes were observed in southwestern Saudi Arabia. The median-joining haplotype networks of eight populations from Saudi Arabia, Southeast Asia and East Africa for both the IIS6 and IIIS6 domains revealed that haplotype diversity was highest in Uganda and in the Jazan and Sahil regions of Saudi Arabia, whereas haplotype diversity was low in the Jeddah, Makkah and Madinah regions. Median-joining haplotype networks of both domains indicated selection acting on the kdr-mutation containing haplotypes in Saudi Arabia.

Conclusions
The presence of wild type haplotypes without any of the three kdr mutations, i.e. that are fully susceptible, in Saudi Arabia indicates that further consideration should be given to insecticide resistance management strategies that could restore pyrethroid sensitivity to the populations of Ae. aegypti in Saudi Arabia as part of an integrative vector control strategy.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of diagnosis delay on pulmonary function in children with asthma
Authors: Wei Xiaoling , Xue Min , Yan Jinyan , Han Yuling , Liu Yanqin , Liu Miao , Sun Jing , Zhang Yun , Cheng Lu , Ma Xiang , Gai Zhongtao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The effects of a delayed diagnosis of asthma on lung function in children have not been well investigated. Therefore, a retrospective cohort study was conducted in a children’s hospital to analyse the effect of delayed diagnosis time on lung function in children with asthma.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study in Jinan Children's Hospital from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020. All children were divided into different groups according to the presence or absence of rhinitis, age at first onset (first coughing and wheezing attack) and delayed diagnosis duration (≤ 3 months, 3–12 months, 1–3 years, 3–5 years and > 5 years).

Results
A total of 1,014 children with asthma were included in this study. The median (quartile) delay in asthma diagnosis among all participants was 11 (2, 26) months. The shortest delay in diagnosis time was on the same day of onset, and the longest delay in diagnosis time was 10 years. The median (quartile) duration of delayed diagnosis was 10 (2, 26) months in 307 asthmatic children without rhinitis and 11 (2, 26) months in 707 children with asthma and rhinitis (P < 0.05). The delayed diagnosis time was shorter among female children than among male children (P < 0.05), and the first %predicted forced volume capacity (FVC%pred) results for females were higher than those for males (P = 0.036). The children whose age at first asthma onset was ≤ 3 years had a longer delayed diagnosis duration than those whose age at first onset was > 3 years (P < 0.05). The FVC%pred and %predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%pred) in the first and second pulmonary function tests were significantly lower in the five delayed diagnosis groups (all P < 0.05). After standardised treatment for 3–6 months, FVC%pred showed a significant difference in the third test among the 5 groups (P < 0.05), but the other pulmonary function indices showed no significant difference. Logistic regression analysis showed that longer delay and young age of onset were associated with lower lung function (P < 0.05), whereas sex, rhinitis and eczema had no significant effects (all P > 0.05) on FVC%pred and FEV1%pred.

Conclusion
Although delayed asthma diagnosis can lead to lung function impairment in children with asthma, lung function can be improved quickly after standardised treatment. Therefore, early asthma diagnosis and standardised treatment are very important.
5p deletion with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a case report
Authors: Kotani Tomomi , Ushida Takafumi , Nakamura Noriyuki , Imai Kenji , Iitani Yukako , Tano Sho , Iwagaki Shigenori , Takahashi Yuichiro , Ito Miharu , Hayakawa Masahiro , Kajiyama Hiroaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
5p deletion syndrome is known as cri-du-chat syndrome, but there are no reports on congenital diaphragmatic hernia complications associated with it.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old primigravida Japanese woman was referred for 5 mm of nuchal translucency. Fetal growth restriction was found at 20 weeks, and a left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed at 24 weeks. The karyotype of the fetus was diagnosed as 46, XX, del(5)(p14) and referred to our hospital. At 36 + 6 weeks, a 1524 g female infant was delivered after premature membrane rupture, with Apgar scores of 4 and 6 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. The baby was intubated immediately with sedation and muscle relaxation, after birth for initial treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia. The peripheral blood karyotype was consistent with the prenatal result. The infant was discharged alive, without any respiratory support, after the defect of the diaphragm was repaired.

Conclusion
The results of this study may be helpful for antenatal genetic counseling.
Alignment of vaccine codes using an ontology of vaccine descriptions
Authors: Becker Benedikt FH , Kors Jan A , van Mulligen Erik M , Sturkenboom Miriam CJM 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccine information in European electronic health record (EHR) databases is represented using various clinical and database-specific coding systems and drug vocabularies. The lack of harmonization constitutes a challenge in reusing EHR data in collaborative benefit-risk studies about vaccines.

Methods
We designed an ontology of the properties that are commonly used in vaccine descriptions, called Ontology of Vaccine Descriptions (VaccO), with a dictionary for the analysis of multilingual vaccine descriptions. We implemented five algorithms for the alignment of vaccine coding systems, i.e., the identification of corresponding codes from different coding ystems, based on an analysis of the code descriptors. The algorithms were evaluated by comparing their results with manually created alignments in two reference sets including clinical and database-specific coding systems with multilingual code descriptors.

Results
The best-performing algorithm represented code descriptors as logical statements about entities in the VaccO ontology and used an ontology reasoner to infer common properties and identify corresponding vaccine codes. The evaluation demonstrated excellent performance of the approach (F-scores 0.91 and 0.96).

Conclusion
The VaccO ontology allows the identification, representation, and comparison of heterogeneous descriptions of vaccines. The automatic alignment of vaccine coding systems can accelerate the readiness of EHR databases in collaborative vaccine studies.