bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analysis of the genetic contribution to greenhouse gas emission in sheep
Authors: Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh Navid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to use a random‐effects model of meta‐analysis to merge various heritability estimates of different gas emission traits (methane yield [METY], methane production [METP], carbon dioxide production [CO2], the sum of carbon dioxide and methane production [METP + CO2], ratio, and oxygen consumption [O2]) and their genetic association with growth and partial efficiency traits in sheep. A total of 53 genetic correlations and 47 heritability estimates from 13 scientific articles were used in the meta‐analysis. The included papers were published between 2010 and 2022. To measure heterogeneity, Chi‐square (Q) test was performed, and the I2 statistic was determined. The average heritability estimates for the studied traits were low to moderate and ranged from 0.137 (for METY) to 0.250 (for METP + CO2). The heterogeneity test of heritability estimates indicated that heritability estimates for METY, O2 consumption, and had low Q values and non‐significant heterogeneity (p > 0.10). However, the average heritability estimates for other traits experienced significant heterogeneities (p < 0.10). The genetic correlation estimate between METP with O2 was −0.597 (p < 0.05), but its genetic correlations with other gas traits ranged from 0.593 (with METP + CO2) to 0.653 (CO2; p < 0.05). Also, mean estimates of genetic correlation between METP with live weight (LW), feed intake (FI), and residual feed intake (RFI) were 0.719, 0.598, and 0.408, respectively. The genetic correlations of CO2 with performance traits varied from 0.641 (with RFI) to 0.833 (with FI; p < 0.05). This meta‐analysis showed gas emission traits in sheep are under low‐to‐moderate genetic control. The average genetic parameter estimates obtained in this study could be considered in the genetic selection programmes for sheep, especially when there is no access to accurate phenotypic records or genetic parameter estimates for gas emission traits.
Secondary structure, thermal and functional characterization of low molecular weight glutenin subunits in relation to instant noodle quality
Authors: Dangi Priya , Chaudhary Nisha , Khatkar Bhupendar Singh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe research work aimed to investigate the secondary structure, thermal and functional behavior of gluten, glutenin and low molecular weight‐glutenin subunits (LMW‐GS) of Indian wheat and to establish significant correlation among these techno‐functional attributes. The secondary structure as revealed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated that glutenins exhibited maximum absorption intensity (595.6 cm2), followed by LMW‐GS (517.1 cm2) and gluten (276.87 cm2) in the amide I region. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of gluten, glutenin and LMW‐GS recorded disruption of the covalent peptide linkages in the amino acid residues at 273, 275 and 238°C, respectively. The denaturation peak temperature of gluten, glutenin and LMW‐GS, as evident from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves was 112.94, 173.88 and 108.08°C, respectively. Considerable variations were observed in the oil uptake, cooked weight, cooking loss, hardness and chewiness values of instant noodles on addition of gluten, glutenin and LMW‐GS, respectively.Novelty impact statementThe research work provides an insight to the secondary structure and thermal behavior of gluten, glutenin and unreduced LMW‐GS. The functional assessment of these fractions was carried out in terms of instant noodle quality. The cooked instant noodles fortified with these fractions exhibited significant variation in their microstructures as revealed from scanning electron microscopy.
Advances in structure and function of auxin response factor in plants
Authors: Li Yonghui , Han Shaqila , Qi Yanhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAuxin is a crucial phytohormone that has various effects on the regulators of plant growth and development. Auxin signal transduction is mainly controlled by two gene families: auxin response factor (ARF) and auxin/indole‐3‐acetic acid (Aux/IAA). ARFs are plant‐specific transcription factors that bind directly to auxin response elements in the promoters of auxin‐responsive genes. ARF proteins contain three conserved regions: a conserved N‐terminal B3 DNA‐binding domain, a variable intermediate middle region domain that functions in activation or repression, and a C‐terminal domain including the Phox and Bem1p region for dimerization, similar to the III and IV elements of Aux/IAA, which facilitate protein–protein interaction through homodimerization of ARF proteins or heterodimerization of ARF and Aux/IAA proteins. In the two decades following the identification of the first ARF, 23 ARF members have been identified and characterized in Arabidopsis. Using whole‐genome sequencing, 22, 25, 23, 25, and 36 ARF genes have been identified in tomato, rice, wheat, sorghum, and maize, respectively, in addition to which the related biofunctions of some ARFs have been reported. ARFs play crucial roles in regulating the growth and development of roots, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, and phytohormone signal crosstalk. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the structures and functions of ARFs in Arabidopsis, tomato, and cereal crops, to provide clues for future basic research on phytohormone signaling and the molecular design breeding of crops.
Advancement and challenges in sample preparation for atomic force microscopy and infrared microscopy for wood‐based materials
Authors: Schoeffmann Elisabeth Anna , Mahendran Arunjunai Raj , Zikulnig‐Rusch Edith , Plank Harald 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWood‐based materials such as composites or laminates play an important role in today's furniture industry, especially in manufacturing high‐quality kitchen and dining room furniture. One important aspect after fabrication is the investigation of these materials to derive quality metrics such as surface stain and scuff resistance. Current sample preparation methods are mostly straightforward and rely on cutting and grinding the materials under test, including sensitive wood substrates. To investigate cross‐sections and different layer topologies, characterisation techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and infrared (IR) microscopy are of potential interest. However, a huge limitation is that current sample preparation methods lead to smeared coatings on the sample cross‐sections and high surface roughness. Hence, these methods are not applicable for the sample preparation in measuring AFM and IR microscopy. Therefore, new preparation techniques need to be developed accordingly. This article presents a new approach towards coated wood‐based sample preparation including embedding processes to use those samples for AFM and IR microscopy technologies. The proposed method has been evaluated by obtaining AFM, IR and microscopy measurements of more than four different wood‐based samples such as (i) raw paper, (ii) impregnated paper, (iii) melamine‐coated chipboards and (iv) medium‐density fibreboards. The investigation results showed a significant improvement in sample preparation, as well as clear chemical and physical characterisation over whole sample construction, including coating layers, for wood‐based materials.
Following a standardised pathway: Healthcare professionals' perspectives on person‐centred care within ERAS for patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Petersson Åsa , Hellström Amanda , Assarsson Jeanette , Schildmeijer Kristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo describe healthcare professionals' perceptions of person‐centred care for patients with colorectal cancer, within the standardised care concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery.BackgroundInternational guidelines for colorectal surgery describe standardised perioperative care. Combining standardised care with person‐centred care could be accomplished using the person‐centred nursing framework for establishing and maintaining relationships with patients. Despite strong evidence for the standardised care concepts' medical benefits, studies concerning the practice of person‐centred care from a nursing point of view are sparse.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsFour focus groups interviews were performed including 22 healthcare professionals with 1–29 years' experience of caring for patients with colorectal cancer. Data were analysed using qualitative conventional content analysis. The COREQ checklist for reporting qualitative research was used.ResultsThree themes emerged in the analysis; Framework in the healthcare system, Facing differences in participation and Interacting with the person beyond the illness. Conditions for person‐centred care were related to the interactions between patients and healthcare professionals, the structure of care were also considered relevant.ConclusionThere is a discrepancy between what is considered important to do and what is done in clinical practice to create conditions for patient participation. Interacting with patients and creating an interprofessional environment are important conditions, the structure of care is also a fundamental key to promoting person‐centred care. There is a need for further improvement in care of patients with colorectal cancer to achieve person‐centredness within standardised care.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings provide valuable insights into what healthcare professionals consider to be important for achieving person‐centred care. This knowledge can be useful in clinical practice and education programs.Patient or public contributionAt the outset of the study, three patients were interviewed aimed at improving the conditions for the healthcare professionals' focus groups.
Heterozygous Actg2R257C mice mimic the phenotype of megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome
Authors: Cai Hui , Xiao Yongtao , Chen Shanshan , Lu Ying , Du Jun , You Yaying , Zhu Jing , Zhou Jie , Cai Wei , Wang Ying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMegacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) is a rare and serious congenital disorder with poor outcomes, where a heterozygous missense mutation is present in the ACTG2 gene. Here, we aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of ACTG2 in MMIHS.MethodsA cohort with 20 patients with MMIHS was screened. Actg2R257C heterozygous mutant mice were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Gastrointestinal (GI) motility, voluntary urination, collagen gel contraction, and G‐actin/F‐actin analysis were performed.Key ResultsThe R257C variant of ACTG2 most frequently occurred in patients with MMIHS and demonstrated the typical symptoms of MMIHS. Actg2R257C heterozygous mutant mice had dilated intestines and bladders. The functional assay showed a prolonged total time of GI transit and decreased urine spot area. Collagen gel contraction assay and G‐actin/F‐actin analysis indicated that mutant mice showed reduced area of contraction of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and impaired actin polymerization.Conclusions & InferencesA mouse model demonstrating MMIHS‐like symptoms was generated. The Actg2R257C heterozygous variant impairs SMCs contraction by interfering with actin polymerization, leading to GI motility disorders.
TaERF87 and TaAKS1 synergistically regulate TaP5CS1/TaP5CR1‐mediated proline biosynthesis to enhance drought tolerance in wheat
Authors: Du Linying , Huang Xueling , Ding Li , Wang Zhongxue , Tang Dongling , Chen Bin , Ao Lanjiya , Liu Yuling , Kang Zhensheng , Mao Hude 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Drought stress limits wheat production and threatens food security world‐wide. While ethylene‐responsive factors (ERFs) are known to regulate plant response to drought stress, the regulatory mechanisms responsible for a tolerant phenotype remain unclear.

Here, we describe the positive regulatory role of TaERF87 in mediating wheat tolerance to drought stress. TaERF87 overexpression (OE) enhances drought tolerance, while silencing leads to drought sensitivity in wheat. RNA sequencing with biochemical assays revealed that TaERF87 activates the expression of the proline biosynthesis genes TaP5CS1 and TaP5CR1 via direct binding to GCC‐box elements. Furthermore, proline accumulates to higher levels in TaERF87‐ and TaP5CS1‐OE lines than that in wild‐type plants under well‐watered and drought stress conditions concomitantly with enhanced drought tolerance in these transgenic lines.

Moreover, the interaction between TaERF87 and the bHLH transcription factor TaAKS1 synergistically enhances TaP5CS1 and TaP5CR1 transcriptional activation. TaAKS1 OE also increases wheat drought tolerance by promoting proline accumulation. Additionally, our findings verified that TaERF87 and TaAKS1 are targets of abscisic acid‐responsive element binding factor 2 (TaABF2).

Together, our study elucidates the mechanisms underlying a positive response to drought stress mediated by the TaABF2–TaERF87/TaAKS1–TaP5CS1/TaP5CR1 module, and identifies candidate genes for the development of elite drought‐tolerant wheat varieties.
Modified Masquelet Technique Assisting 3D Printed Elbow Prosthesis for Open Elbow Fracture with Severe Bone Defect: A Case Report and Technique Note
Authors: Zhu Chunquan , Zhang Chong , Zhao Yong , Yu Guorong , Yu Li 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundInternal fixation for severe open articular bone defects is sometimes ineffective or dangerous. In the emergency stage, radical debridement and infection prevention are demanded to provide a good tissue base and the space‐occupying effect to provide enough necessary space to avoid soft‐tissue contraction for the reconstruction. In addition, the 3D printing technology makes individual limb reconstruction a reality.Case PresentationHere, we present a 31‐year‐old patient with an open fracture and severe bone defect of his left elbow caused by traffic accident, classified as Gustilo–Anderson IIIB. We adopted aggressive debridement and insertion of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) to prevent the infection and temporarily construct the bone defect in the emergency stage. Secondly, the total elbow arthroplasty was performed using a unique three‐dimensional (3D) printed prosthesis to reconstruct the elbow joint. During the follow‐up, the elbow movement function was satisfactory.ConclusionsThe modified Masquelet technique assisting 3D printing of personalized elbow joint makes the satisfactory functional reconstruction for open high‐energy injuries come true. It could be promoted for the similar surgery of other open joints fractures with severe bone defects.
A replication of “exploring and explaining contracting out: Patterns among the American states”
Authors: Qian Jing , Lu Jiahuan , Zhao Jianzhi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis manuscript conducts both a narrow and wide replication of Brudney et al. (2005, Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 15[3], pp. 393–419), focusing on the scope, perceived effectiveness, and antecedents of contracting out. The replication joins the original study in indicating that state agencies widely used contracting out in service delivery, but their perceived effects on service costs and quality were mixed. The replication coincides with the original study in suggesting that contracting out was an agency‐specific practice driven more by pragmatic factors but reports some divergences in the effects of individual factors. Overall, our replication concurs with the original study in many aspects, but also adds new nuances. There seems to be no single pattern underlying the use of contracting out, and thus no single factor could determine contracting out under all circumstances. Rather, contracting is a dynamic practice used by agencies for certain contingencies.
The effect of fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals on pediatric atopic dermatitis: A systematic review
Authors: Labib Angelina , Golpanian Rachel S. , Aickara Divya , Smith Peter , Yosipovitch Gil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundA body of research has examined the role of fatty acid (FA), vitamin, and mineral supplementation as adjunctive treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD); however, results are conflicting and concrete recommendations are lacking. The objective of this study is to highlight the role of these nutrients in alleviating AD severity and provide the clinician with consolidated information that can be used to make recommendations to the pediatric patient and caretaker, where this topic is of high interest.MethodsA review of the PubMed and Embase databases was conducted to identify and qualitatively analyze all randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses conducted within the last 21 years regarding use of these nutrients to alleviate symptoms of AD. Inclusion criteria include AD diagnosis, non‐infant age groups, and AD severity outcomes; exclusion criteria include preventative studies, predominantly maternal or infant demographics, or nonclinical outcomes.ResultsSixty‐nine studies were included. Evidence regarding FA supplementation is inconclusive; however, targeting an ideal omega‐3:omega‐6 FA ratio may play a small role in alleviating AD symptoms. Studies results regarding vitamin/mineral supplementation are inconsistent and supplementation should not be advised unless the patient has a documented deficiency.ConclusionPediatric AD patients should lead a healthy lifestyle with an emphasis on consumption of wholesome foods. Nutritional supplementation can play a role in improving AD symptoms; however, this should be evaluated on a case‐by‐case basis. Limitations include heterogeneity of studies.
Cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy in a pediatric patient
Authors: Firsowicz Maya , Haller Courtney N. , Soldano Anthony , Keeling Brett H. , Diaz Lucia Z. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report the case of a 13‐year‐old female who presented with punctate, erythematous macules coalescing into patches on the upper extremities and left thigh. A skin biopsy demonstrated dilated capillary‐sized blood vessels in the papillary dermis consistent with a diagnosis of cutaneous collagenous vasculopathy (CCV). To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient to present with CCV and will represent the third pediatric case in the literature.
Post‐discharge follow‐up attendance after pediatric dermatology consultation in the emergency department: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Cucka Bethany , Biglione Bianca , Lima Xinaida T. , Smith Gideon P. , Yun Brian J. , Kroshinsky Daniela 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe emergency department (ED) is a frequent source of care for pediatric patients with dermatologic conditions, possibly owing to limited access to routine and urgent outpatient dermatology appointments. The demographics, clinical characteristics, follow‐up scheduling practices, and attendance rates of 50 pediatric and 142 adult patients evaluated by the dermatology consult service in the ED were reviewed. High rates of follow‐up attendance were observed in the pediatric and adult populations, with the majority receiving an appointment within 2 weeks. The dermatology consult service may play an important role in facilitating post‐discharge access to outpatient care.
Manual compression technique improves the success rate in the treatment of thrombosed aneurysmal arteriovenous fistula: A single‐center experience
Authors: Ko Cheng‐Yu , Yu Li‐Ying , Chen Po‐Wei , Ko Chih‐Chang , Lin Tian‐Xi , Lee Cheng‐Han , Liu Ping‐Yen , Chang Hsien‐Yuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveEndovascular intervention for thrombosed aneurysmal arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is still a challenge. Manual compression technique (MCT)‐assisted angioplasty may be helpful, but there is no evidence or data to support it.MethodsFrom January 2018 to May 2021, patients with thrombosed aneurysmal AVFs were retrospectively enrolled. The patients were separated into the MCT group or the traditional group according to the procedure received. Technical failure, clinical failure, 90‐day patency, and safety were analyzed.ResultsA total of 159 cases (64 ± 12 years old, 60% male) were enrolled, of which 87 cases received MCT and 72 underwent traditional angioplasty. No technical failure was observed in the MCT group, while five technical failures were observed in the traditional group (0% vs. 7%, p = 0.02). There were no differences in the clinical failure rate (3% vs. 7%, p = 0.30), 90‐day patency rate, or procedure time between the MCT group and the traditional group. There was no symptomatic pulmonary embolism or other complication in the two groups.ConclusionMCT is a low‐cost, less invasive, and safe procedure for thrombosed aneurysmal AVF, and it achieves a higher technical success rate than traditional angioplasty.
Aerodynamic Design of Cooling Guide for Electrical Machine in Electric Ducted Fan
Authors: Hu Xuanyang , Qian Yuping , Yang Bijie , Dong Chaofan , Zhang Yangjun , Zhuge Weilin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electric ducted fan has newly emerged as the most compact type of propulsion fan for flying cars, because of its flexible configuration arrangement, low noise level and high safety level operation. Typically, an electric ducted fan is composed of a hub-driven fan and a hub-mounted inner rotor electrical machine. The thermal management of the hub-mounted electrical machine is essential because it determines the machine's continuous output power and reliability, as well as the fan thrust force. The heat transmitted from the stator winding to the cooling guide vane (CGV) is dissipated by introducing the air flow at hub region to the CGV. Therefore, in order to better improve the thermal performance of the CGV, an aerodynamic design of CGV is proposed in this paper for better thermal management of stator end-windings. First, for a certain desired power output of electrical machine under temperature constraints of stator winding, lumped thermal network is established to derive the requirement of heat transfer coefficients of the CGV. Then, from engineering feasibility, three different CGVs including straight type, arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type are tested by computational fluid dynamics. The evaluation of the CGV designs include the flow characteristics, power requirements, and thermal characteristics for stator winding cooling purposes. In comparison with the conventionally straight type CGV, improvements are gained from the designed arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type cooling configurations, whereas the fan thrust force remains the same simultaneously. It is verified that the arc-shape type and airfoil-shape type CGVs are promising in enhancing the thermal management performance of the electrical machine stator winding without power requirement.