bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Political Endorsements by Scientific Organizations Reduce Trust in Scientific Expertise During COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Floyd 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High-profile political endorsements by scientific organizations and publications have been common in recent years, which raises concerns about political backlash against the endorsing organization in particular and scientific expertise in general. In a pre-registered large-sample online controlled experiment, I randomly assign subjects to receive information about Nature’s endorsement of Joe Biden for the 2020 U.S. presidential election in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Seeing the endorsement message leads to large reductions in self-reported trust in Nature among Trump supporters. This distrust translates into lower demand for COVID-related information provided by Nature, as evidenced by substantially reduced requests for Nature articles on vaccine efficacy and emerging COVID variants when offered. The endorsement also reduces Trump supporters’ stated trust in scientists in general, suggesting “reputational externalities” on the scientific community. Treatment effect estimates for Biden supporters are positive but small and often statistically insignificant across outcomes. Finally, I find little evidence that the endorsement is successful at changing subjects’ views about Biden and Trump. These results show political endorsement by scientific organizations can undermine public confidence in the endorsing organization and in the scientific community.
A Multimodal Deep Learning Model for Predicting Future Visual Field in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Pham Quang T.M. , Han Jong Chul , Shin Jitae 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the most common reasons for blindness worldwide, especially in elderly people. Glaucoma can be monitored and treated using visual field (VF) tests. Therefore, predicting the future VF to monitor progression of glaucoma is important. In this paper, we proposed a deep learning model to predict future VF based on previous VF and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images (including thickness map, vertical tomogram, and horizontal tomogram). The image data were analyzed using a ResNet-50 model. Image features and previous VFs were combined, and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network was used to predict future VF. A weighted method was used to detect noisy data. The proposed method was improved when applying weighted loss. The mean absolute error (MAE) was 3.31 ± 1.37, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 4.58 ± 1.77. The model showed high performance when combining VF data and OCT image data. Furthermore, the model was useful for detecting and re-weighting noisy data.
Expert Opinion on Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy for People with Psychotic Symptoms
Authors: Torre Joseph T. La , Mahammadli Mehdi , Greenway Kyle , Williams Monnica 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, personal or familial histories of psychotic symptoms are exclusionary criteria for most psychedelic clinical trials, studies, and treatment programs. This study sought to determine why such an exclusion exists, what the implications of the exclusion criteria are, and if there was agreement in expert opinion.
Methods
In-depth interviews with 12 experts in the fields of psychiatry, clinical psychology, medicine, and the effects of psychedelics and entheogens were conducted in an expert consultation format. Interviews were transcribed and themes were produced using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach.
Results
We found that while the exclusion criteria may be justified for psychedelic protocols that provide insufficient psychological support for participants, there was agreement that psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy is not necessarily contraindicated for all individuals with psychotic symptoms. Results suggest that highly supportive psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy may be of benefit to individuals experiencing symptoms of psychosis. Potentially relevant factors for predicting treatment outcomes include specific symptom endorsement, illness duration, symptom severity, quality of the therapeutic alliance, role of trauma in symptom etiology and perpetuation, and the level of other supports in the life of the client.
Ecological Valuation of Mangrove Trees From Karimunjawa National Park as a Role in Carbon Sequestration to Maintain the Stability of Biodiversity
Authors: Halim M Arief Rahman , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The diversity of species in the mangrove ecosystem can be threatened if there is no database on what and how much content is in it. The research conducted in the mangrove ecosystem of Karimunjawa National Park has the objective of assessing species diversity and calculating the estimated carbon sequestration from stands and sediments. Inventory of species using quadrant sampling method consisting of 3 stations, 9 transects and 27 plots (10m x 10m). Allometric equations, Shannon-Wiener index, and evenness index were used to calculate stand biomass and carbon, species diversity and distribution. The sediment samples were taken at a depth of 100 cm and divided into 3 depths, namely 0-33 cm, 34 - 67 cm, and 68 - 100 cm. The species diversity is moderate and the evenness of the species is in the stable category. The estimated standing carbon was in the range of 146.22 t C ha-1 and the estimated carbon stock in the sediment was around 360.61 t C ha-1. Although the diversity and even distribution of mangrove species in Karimunjawa National Park is still in a stable condition, it is necessary to monitor its changes due to the anthropogenic activities.
Help-Seeking and Challenges Faced by Transwomen Following Exposure to Gender- Based Violence; A Qualitative Study in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area, Uganda
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Nalugya Aisha , Isunju John Bosco , Naume Muyanga , Oputan Patience , Kiguli Juliet , Wafula Solomon Tsebeni , Kibira Simon Peter S. , Ssekamatte David , Orza Luisa , Mugambe Richard K. , Wanyenze Rhoda K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of gender-based violence (GBV) towards transwomen remains high andis both a human rights and public health concern. Nonetheless, there is limited evidence of the referral pathways used by transwomen once exposed to GBV. The current study, therefore, aimed to explore the referral pathways and the challenges faced by transwomen in seeking GBV support services in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area, Uganda.MethodsA qualitative study design was used. We conducted a total of 20 in-depth interviews, 6 focus group discussions, and 10 key informant interviews. Respondents were recruited using snowball sampling, and purposively selected for interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed following a thematic framework. NVivo software was used to organise data into themes and subthemes.ResultsThe gender-based violence referral pathways used by transwomen included key population-friendly healthcare facilities, key population-friendly civil society organizations, and friends and family. Key population-friendly healthcare facilities provided medical and psychosocial support services; key population civil society organizations provided shelter, nutritional support, and legal services, whereas friends and family provided emotional support. Lack of recognition of transgender identity; long distances to healthcare facilities; discrimination in some healthcare facilities, civil society organizations, and at the hands of police officers and prison inmates; and the lack of trans-competent healthcare providers and limited scope of GBV services and related equipment made it difficult for transwomen to access GBV support services.Conclusion There were no formal channels for transwomen to access GBV support services. Available avenues such as key population healthcare facilities, key population-friendly civil society organizations, and the police also perpetrated violence against transwomen in the Greater Kampala Metropolitan Area. Our findings suggest the need to formalize referral pathways for transwomen and to sensitize service providers at all points of care about the transgender identity. There is a need to break the structural barriers that limit access to and uptake of GBV support services among transwomen.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Covid-19 Vaccine Reaction Case Report
Authors: AKU Thelma Alalbila , Dordoye Eugene Kobla , Yamoah Peter , Apraku Theodore , Gyamera Adwoa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is associated with microthrombi ,mainly in the kidneys. It may be classified as typical HUS or atypical HUS (aHUS) .Majority of HUS occur in children (usually at 6 months of age), as a sequela of shigella infection. In aHUS, a genetic or sporadic insult causes dysfunction in the complement cascade, leading to complement deposition on endothelial cells, thickening of arterioles and capillaries, and endothelial swelling and detachment. Consequently, there is formation of obstructive thrombi in the vessel lumina and shearing of red blood cells, creating schistiocytes, that results in the triad of Coombs negative hemolytic anemia, renal impairment, and thrombocytopenia. We report a rare case of a 43-year-old black male who reacted to the 2nd booster dose (some 7 months after the 1st) of Astra Zeneca Covid-19 vaccine with aHUS. He had ophthalmoplegia, occipital headaches and suicidal ideation which all resolved on high dose oral prednisolone. The Astra Zeneca vaccine which uses a chimpanzee platform is the only one reported to have similar reactions and this is important to note and manage such potentially life threatening rare adverse event.
The Association Between the Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio and All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ding Zhihui , Fan Yao , Yao Chunlei , Gu Liubao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The present study investigated the association between the serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Scr) and all-cause mortality among elderly hemodialysis patients.Methods: A total of 222 patients (≥ 60 years) who received hemodialysis more than 8 hours per week at Tai Zhou No. 2 People’s Hospital for at least 3 months were enrolled in the present study from January 2015 to December 2019. Clinical characteristics were obtained from the hemodialysis database, and survival information was recorded during the follow-up period. Multiple Cox regression was carried out to analyze the association between SUA/Scr and all-cause mortality. The survival rate of each group was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the ratio of survival curves was analyzed by the log-rank test.Results: During the 19-month observation period, 78 patients died. Individuals in the nonsurviving group had significantly older ages (P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P=0.004), serum creatinine (P=0.005) and prealbumin (P=0.006) than surviving patients. After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, prealbumin and serum creatinine, a higher ratio of SUA/Scr was independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 1.375; 95% CI: 1.023-1.848; P=0.035).Conclusion: The serum uric acid to creatinine ratio is strongly associated with all-cause mortality in elderly hemodialysis patients.
Mechanistic Insights Into Small-molecule Inhibitor MS-444 Arresting Embryonic Development Revealed by Low-input RNA-seq and STORM
Authors: Nie Yongqiang , Xu Wei , Tian Geng G. , Li Xiaowei , Guo Yan , Liu Xuefeng , He Lin , Shao Zhifeng , Li Xiaoyong , Wu Ji 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundWith the improvement of the survival rate of cancer patients, fertility maintenance has become a major concern of cancer treatment for women of reproductive age. Thus, it is important to examine the impact on fertility of anticancer drugs that have been clinically used or are undergoing trials. The HuR small-molecule inhibitor MS-444 has been used in many cancer treatment studies, but its reproductive toxicity in females is unknown. ResultsCombining analysis of low-input RNA-seq for MS-444-treated 2-cell embryos and mapping binding sites of RNA binding protein, Agbl2 was predicted to be the target gene of MS-444. For further confirmation, RNAi experiment in wild-type zygotes showed that Agbl2 knockdown reduced the proportion of embryos successfully develop to the blastocyst stage: from 71% in controls to 23%. Furthermore, RNA-FISH and luciferase reporter analysis showed that MS-444 blocked the nucleocytoplasmic transport of Agbl2 mRNA and reduced its stability by inhibiting HuR dimerization. In addition, optimized stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging showed that MS-444 significantly reduced the HuR dimerization, and HuR mainly existed in the form of clusters in 2-cell stage embryos.ConclusionThose results showed that MS-444 blocked the nucleocytoplasmic transport of Agbl2 mRNA by inhibiting HuR dimerization, resulting in the developmental arrest of 2-cell stage embryos in mouse. This study provides clinical guidance for maintaining fertility during the treatment of cancer with MS-444 in women of reproductive age. And also, our research provides guidance for the application of STORM in the nanometer scale study of embryonic cells.
Exploration of a Panel of Urine Biomarkers of Kidney Disease in Two Paediatric Cohorts With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus of Differing Duration
Authors: Zeni Letizia , Norden Anthony G.W. , Prandi Elena , Canepa Carolina , Burling Keith , Simpson Katherine , Felappi Barbara , Plebani Alessandro , Cancarini Giovanni , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Fraser Donald , Unwin Robert J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is complex and involves both glomerular and tubular dysfunction. A global assessment of kidney function is necessary to stage DKD, a progressive kidney disease that is likely to begin in childhood. The present study evaluated whether kidney injury biomarkers identified as early DKD biomarkers in adults have any predictive value in the very early stages of childhood diabetes. Methods We measured urine free RBP4 (UfRBP4), albumin (UAlb), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and the microRNAs miR-155, miR-126 and miR-29b in two cohorts of paediatric T1DM patients without evidence of DKD, but with diabetes of short-duration, ≤ 2.5 years (SD, n=25) or of long-duration, ≥10 years (LD, n=29); non-diabetic siblings (H, n=26) were recruited as controls. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant for all results.Results UfRBP4 and UAlb were not significantly different across the three groups. No differences were found in KIM-1 excretion between any of the three groups. UfRBP4 was correlated with UAlb in all three groups (r 0.49; p<0.001), whereas KIM-1 showed no correlation with albumin excretion. Among microRNAs, miR-29b was higher in all diabetic children compared with the H control group (p=0.03), whereas miR-155 and miR-126 were not significantly different. No differences were found between the SD and LD groups for all three microRNAs. No associations were identified between these biomarkers with sex, age, BMI, eGFR, T1DM duration or glycaemic control. Conclusions UfRBP4, KIM-1, miR-155, and miR-126 were unaffected by the presence and duration of diabetes, whereas miR-29b showed a modest elevation in diabetics, regardless of duration. These data support the specificity of a panel of urine biomarkers as later DKD biomarkers, rather than any relationship to diabetes per se or its duration, and not as early DKD biomarkers in a paediatric setting.
Marital satisfaction among diabetic partners: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Radwan Nashwa , Alkattan Abdullah , Mahmoud Nagla , Alkalifah Ahmed , Alfaifi Amal , Alfaleh Amjad , Alabdulkareem Khaled 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to determine marital satisfaction among diabetic partners and associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted for six months among couples with diabetic partners in Saudi Arabia. An electronic predesigned couple satisfaction questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire aimed to measure marital satisfaction among couples with a wife/husband diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. A total of 140 participants were included in the final analysis. Most couples did not complain of diabetic complications (84%) or diseases other than diabetes (78%). The mean satisfaction score concerning all aspects of marital life was 4.0 ± 0.9 out of 5, as most of the studied couples (65%) reported high satisfaction scores (≥ 4) regarding all aspects. Most couples were highly satisfied with their romantic relationships (68%), sharing family issues (59%), and general marital life aspects (70%). It could be concluded that diabetes in one partner does not affect marital satisfaction.
Estimation And Fault Detection of Discrete Event Systems Modeled By Time Interval Petri Nets
Authors: khedher Atef , BenOthman Kamel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work is interested in studying discrete event systems modeled by time interval Petri nets. Indeed, a new state model describing the time evolution of the system is proposed. The simulation of the proposed state model gives the upper and lower bounds of each element of the system state and the system outputs. After that, a new state estimator is proposed allowing estimating the whole system state and inputs. This estimator give, also, an upper and lower bounds for each elements of the state vector and the input. The state model and the estimator are both proposed along, successively, count and dater approaches. For count approach, the system state is the number of transition firing and for dater approach, it is the dates of transitions firing. The proposed state model and estimator are applied to a baking process described by a time interval Petri nets. This application show the robustness of the state and input estimation. The proposed state model and estimator are used also for fault detection, localization and estimation and it is shown that they give acceptable results.
The Importance of Anatomic Configuration and Cystic Changes in Macular Hole: Predicting Surgical Success with a Different Approach
Authors: Ozturk Yücel , Ağın Abdullah , Kockar Nadir , Ay Nevzat , Imamoglu Serhat , Kose Alev Ozcelik , Kugu Süleyman 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to define novel metrics for the area of the macular hole (MH) and the cysts placed around the hole using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) device.MethodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted with 58 eyes of 56 patients. The patients were divided into two groups according to anatomic closure after surgery. The novel metrics including macular hole index (MHI), tractional hole index (THI), and (hole forming factor) HFF, macular hole area (HA), the cystoid space areas in the inner retinal layers (CA), and the cyst hole area index (CHAI) were calculated. Correlation of the CA, the HA, and the CHAI with other indexes was assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and cut-off values were derived for indexes predicting type 1 or type 2 closures.ResultsThe CA positively correlated with the base MH size and the maximum MH height (p <0.001, p <0.001, respectively). The HA showed a positive correlation with basal MH size, minimum MH size, and maximum MH height (p <0.001, p <0.001, p <0.001, respectively). CHAI was positively correlated with minimum MH size. (p = 0.02). CHAI and HA were negatively correlated with postoperative BCVA (p= 0.003, p=0.006, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed that MHI, THI, and HFF predicted type 1 closure; on the other hand, CHAI and HA predicted type 2 closures.ConclusionsMHI and our novel index CHAI, which can be calculated without any additional software, could successfully predict type 1 and type 2 closures, respectively.
Investigating Meteorological/Groundwater Droughts by Copula to Study Anthropogenic Impacts
Authors: Sadeghfam Sina , Mirahmadi Rasa , Khatibi Rahman , Mirabbasi Rasoul , Nadiri Ata Allah 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A critical understanding of the water crisis of Lake Urmia is the key in this paper for a basin-wide investigation of its Meteorological (Met) droughts and Groundwater (GW) droughts through a data-driven modelling strategy using 21-years of data records. The challenge is to formulate a modelling strategy to discern anthropogenic impacts and resilience patterns. The strategy includes: (i) transforming the recorded timeseries into Met/GW drought indices; (ii) extracting their drought duration and severity; and (iii) deriving return periods of the maximum drought event through the copula method. Our strategy is heuristic and its novelty emerges from deriving return periods for both Met and GW droughts to discern anthropogenic impacts on GW droughts. The results underpin the need for a planning system yet to emerge for mitigating impacts and rectifying ongoing damages before they become irreparable. The collective outcomes of the results and our professional knowledge shed light: on the ways resilience in the basin is undermined in terms of subsidence problems, on impacting the environment by altering interconnectivities between the lake and watercourses, and on discerning the causes for aquifer depletions to be due to mismanagement but not of Met droughts. Already, migration from the basin area can be detected.
Hereditary Angioedema in a Patient With Various Clinical Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Case Report
Authors: Ushio Yusuke , Wakiya Risa , Kameda Tomohiro , Nakashima Shusaku , Shimada Hiromi , Mansour Mai Mahmoud Fahmy , Kato Mikiya , Miyagi Taichi , Sugihara Koichi , Mino Rina , Mizusaki Mao , Ibuki Emi , Kadowaki Norimitsu , Dobashi Hiroaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an inherited disease characterized by recurrent angioedema without urticaria or pruritus. The most common types of HAE are caused by deficiency or dysfunction in C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH-HAE), which has a reported association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, not much is known about the clinical manifestations, disease course, and treatment of SLE complicated with C1-INH-HAE.Case presentation: A 31-year-old Japanese woman with a history of swelling of the lips without any specific triggers presented to our institution. She began experiencing swelling of the lips at the age of 14 years. At the age of 20 years, she was diagnosed with C1-INH-HAE on the basis of blood test results showing low C4 and C1 esterase inhibitor activity. At the age of 30 years, she developed malar rash, alopecia, and arthralgia in her hands and elbows. In addition, fever, oral ulcers, and discoid rash on the anterior chest were noted at a follow-up examination 8 months later. Physical examination, laboratory tests, and thorough examination of the organ lesions revealed positive antinuclear antibody, fever, nonscarring alopecia, oral ulcers, malar rash, discoid rash, arthralgia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypocomplementemia, lupus retinopathy, and nephritis. Based on these findings, she was diagnosed with SLE according to the 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. The patient was initially treated with 20 mg/day prednisolone, and then prednisolone was tapered with the concomitant use of 400 mg/day hydroxychloroquine and 1 mg/day tacrolimus. After the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy, the clinical symptoms associated with SLE improved. At a follow-up examination 7 months later, it was noted that the patient was able to maintain remission of SLE by continuing 7 mg/day prednisolone, 400 mg/day hydroxychloroquine, and 2 mg/day tacrolimus.Conclusions: Our patient presented with a variety of symptoms, including fever and cytopenia in addition to mucocutaneous, joint, ocular, and renal lesions. It is important for physicians to recognize that SLE complicated with C1-INH-HAE can present with various clinical manifestations and organ lesions.