bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutting force and vibration prediction of milling processes regarding the nonlinear behavior of cascade controlled feed drives
Authors: Ju Shu , Gross Daniel , Hanenkamp Nico 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMilling processes are characterized by their high degree of flexibility regarding shape creation and thus occur in many value adding processes in the electrical and mechanical engineering industry. To facilitate the systematic prediction and the efficient optimization of the process performance, a holistic simulation model of the milling process with cascade controlled feed drives is developed. The integrated model consists of two subsystems, namely the feed drive model and the process model. In the feed drive model, the dynamic models of the electric motors, the serially connected torsional oscillators of the mechanical elements and the cascade control system are established. In this model, the coordinate point of the milling tool is computed at each discrete time step and assigned to the process model. The cutting forces and the corresponding load torques are calculated in the process model and sent back to the feed drive model. In addition, practical validation of the complete system has been conducted both in the time and the frequency domain. The simulation results yield an accurate prediction of the tooth passing frequency with a variance of less than 1%. Moreover, the influence of the cascade control parameters and the nonlinear behavior of the electric motor on the process vibrations have been experimentally verified.
Cortical Anoxic Spreading Depolarization During Cardiac Arrest is Associated with Remote Effects on Peripheral Blood Pressure and Postresuscitation Neurological Outcome
Authors: Han Sangwoo , Contreras Mayra Isabel , Bazrafkan Afsheen , Rafi Masih , Dara Shirin M. , Orujyan Ani , Panossian Anais , Crouzet Christian , Lopour Beth , Choi Bernard , Wilson Robert H. , Akbari Yama 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are self-propagating waves of neuronal and glial depolarizations often seen in neurological conditions in both humans and animal models. Because SD is thought to worsen neurological injury, the role of SD in a variety of cerebral insults has garnered significant investigation. Anoxic SD is a type of SD that occurs because of anoxia or asphyxia. Although asphyxia leading to a severe drop in blood pressure may affect cerebral hemodynamics and is widely known to cause anoxic SD, the effect of anoxic SD on peripheral blood pressure in the extremities has not been investigated. This relationship is especially important to understand for conditions such as circulatory shock and cardiac arrest that directly affect both peripheral and cerebral perfusion in addition to producing anoxic SD in the brain.

Methods
In this study, we used a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest to investigate the role of anoxic SD on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, peripheral blood pressure, and the relationship between these variables in 8- to 12-week-old male rats. We incorporated a multimodal monitoring platform measuring cortical direct current simultaneously with optical imaging.

Results
We found that during anoxic SD, there is decoupling of peripheral blood pressure from cerebral blood flow and metabolism. We also observed that anoxic SD may modify cerebrovascular resistance. Furthermore, shorter time difference between anoxic SDs measured at different locations in the same rat was associated with better neurological outcome on the basis of the recovery of electrocorticography activity (bursting) immediately post resuscitation and the neurological deficit scale score 24 h post resuscitation.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify the relationship between peripheral blood pressure, cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, and neurological outcome in anoxic SD. These results indicate that the characteristics of SD may not be limited to cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism but rather may also encompass changes in peripheral blood flow, possibly through a brain–heart connection, providing new insights into the role of anoxic SD in global ischemia and recovery.
Massive Accumulation of Sphingomyelin Affects the Lysosomal and Mitochondria Compartments and Promotes Apoptosis in Niemann-Pick Disease Type A
Authors: Carsana Emma Veronica , Lunghi Giulia , Prioni Simona , Mauri Laura , Loberto Nicoletta , Prinetti Alessandro , Zucca Fabio Andrea , Bassi Rosaria , Sonnino Sandro , Chiricozzi Elena , Duga Stefano , Straniero Letizia , Asselta Rosanna , Soldà Giulia , Samarani Maura , Aureli Massimo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Niemann-Pick type A disease (NPA) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene coding for the lysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM). ASM deficiency leads to the consequent accumulation of its uncatabolized substrate, the sphingolipid sphingomyelin (SM), causing severe progressive brain disease. To study the effect of the aberrant lysosomal accumulation of SM on cell homeostasis, we loaded skin fibroblasts derived from a NPA patient with exogenous SM to mimic the levels of accumulation characteristic of the pathological neurons. In SM-loaded NPA fibroblasts, we found the blockage of the autophagy flux and the impairment of the mitochondrial compartment paralleled by the altered transcription of several genes, mainly belonging to the electron transport chain machinery and to the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. In addition, SM loading induces the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor EB that promotes the lysosomal biogenesis and exocytosis. Interestingly, we obtained similar biochemical findings in the brain of the NPA mouse model lacking ASM (ASMKO mouse) at the neurodegenerative stage. Our work provides a new in vitro model to study NPA etiopathology and suggests the existence of a pathogenic lysosome-plasma membrane axis that with an impairment in the mitochondrial activity is responsible for the cell death.
Overproduction, Purification, and Stability of the Functionally Active Human Carnitine Acetyl Transferase
Authors: Giudice Deborah , Console Lara , Arduini Arduino , Indiveri Cesare 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHuman Carnitine Acetyl Transferase (hCAT) reversibly catalyzes the transfer of the acetyl-moiety from acetyl-CoA to L-carnitine, modulating the acetyl-CoA/CoA ratio in mitochondria. Derangement of acetyl-CoA/CoA ratio leads to metabolic alterations that could result in the onset or worsening of pathological states. Due to the importance of CAT as a pharmacological target and to the European directive for reducing animal experimentation, we have pointed out a procedure to produce a recombinant, pure, and functional hCAT using the E. coli expression system. The cDNA encoding for the hCAT was cloned into the pH6EX3 vector. This construct was used to transform the E. coli Rosetta strain. The optimal conditions for the overexpression of the fully active hCAT include induction with a low concentration of IPTG (0.01 mM) and a low growth temperature (25 °C). The recombinant protein was purified from bacterial homogenate by affinity chromatography. The pure hCAT is very stable in an aqueous solution, retaining full activity for at least two months if stored at − 20 °C. These results could be helpful for a broad set of functional studies on hCAT, including drug-design applications.
Emerging adults facing the COVID-19 pandemic: emotion dysregulation, mentalizing, and psychological symptoms
Authors: Charpentier Mora Simone , Bastianoni Chiara , Cavanna Donatella , Bizzi Fabiola 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSettled in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the present short-term longitudinal study aims to investigate the relation between emotion dysregulation, mentalizing (both certainty and uncertainty about mental states), and psychological symptoms in a sample of 83 emerging adults (Mage = 22.18 years, SD = 4.36) over a continuous period started with COVID-19 spreads. Results display significant positive associations between psychological symptoms and both emotion dysregulation and uncertainty about mental states, while an inverse association with certainty about mental states was found. A moderation model was also performed, showing a significant negative association between emotion dysregulation and psychological symptoms at low levels of uncertainty about mental states. Conversely, a marginally significant positive association occurs at high levels of uncertainty about mental states. In other words, the presence of individual impairments in perceiving one’s own/others mind may increase the negative consequences of emotion dysregulation on reported psychological symptoms. To sum up, our findings highlight the importance of considering mentalizing as a possible key factor for the promotion of emerging adults’ mental health also in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Prognostic values of clinical and molecular features in HER2 low-breast cancer with hormonal receptor overexpression: features of HER2-low breast cancer
Authors: Chen Mengdi , Chen Weilin , Liu Deyue , Chen Weiguo , Shen Kunwei , Wu Jiayi , Zhu Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer was considered as a distinct subtype different from HER2-zero breast cancer. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic values of clinicopathological features and recurrence score (RS) in HER2-low and HER2-zero hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer patients.

Methods
A total of 2099 HR + primary female breast cancer patients diagnosed between Jan 2009 and Jan 2019 were collected. Tumors with immunohistochemistry 1 + /2 + and negative in situ hybridization results were defined as HER2-low. We compared the clinical and genetical features of HER2-low (n = 1732) and HER2-zero (n = 367) breast cancer and their prognostic values.

Results
Estrogen receptor (ER) high expression (> 90%) was more common in HER2-low breast cancer than HER2-zero breast cancer (78.2% vs 58.6%, p < 0.01). Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was similar between HER2-zero and HER2-low subgroups (92.3% vs 93.3%, p = 0.83). The predictive value of RS was only significant in HER2-zero patients (p = 0.03). The proliferation-related genes performed well in predicting DFS in HER2-zero patients, but not in HER2-low patients (p for interaction < 0.01). The higher HER2 module score was correlated with worse DFS only in HER2-low patients (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
We observed similar survival outcomes between HER2-low and HER2-zero HR + patients. HER2-low patients had a higher proportion of ER high expressed tumors than HER2-zero patients did. RS and its proliferation module might be less clinically meaningful to HER2-low patients.
A pilot study on the effect of advance care planning implementation on healthcare utilisation and satisfaction in patients with advanced heart failure
Authors: Coster J. E. , ter Maat G. H. , Pentinga M. L. , Reyners A. K. L. , van Veldhuisen D. J. , de Graeff P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with advanced heart failure may benefit from palliative care, including advance care planning (ACP). ACP, which can include referral back to the general practitioner (GP), may prevent unbeneficial hospital admissions and interventional/surgical procedures that are not in accordance with the patient’s personal goals of care.

Aim
To implement ACP in patients with advanced heart failure and explore the effect of ACP on healthcare utilisation as well as the satisfaction of patients and cardiologists.

Methods
In this pilot study, we enrolled 30 patients with New York Heart Association class III/IV heart failure who had had at least one unplanned hospital admission in the previous year because of heart failure. A structured ACP conversation was held and documented by the treating physician. Primary outcome was the number of visits to the emergency department and/or admissions within 3 months after the ACP conversation. Secondary endpoints were the satisfaction of patients and cardiologists as established by using a five-point Likert scale.

Results
Median age of the patients was 81 years (range 33–94). Twenty-seven ACP documents could be analysed (90%). Twenty-one patients (78%) did not want to be readmitted to the hospital and subsequently none of them were readmitted during follow-up. Twenty-two patients (81%) discontinued all hospital care. All patients who died during follow-up (n = 12, 40%) died at home. Most patients and cardiologists indicated that they would recommend the intervention to others (80% and 92% respectively).

Conclusion
ACP, and subsequent out-of-hospital care by the GP, was shown to be applicable in the present study of patients with advanced heart failure and evident palliative care needs. Patients and cardiologists were satisfied with this intervention.
Design of a sounding rocket upper stage based on the hybrid rocket engine VISERION
Authors: Dabanović Andrija , Martin Joël , May Stefan , Eggers Thino 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the context of the AHRES (Advanced Hybrid Rocket Engine Simulation [1]) program of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), an upper stage for the Brazilian sounding rocket VSB-30 is designed. This third stage is based on the hybrid rocket engine VISERION. The pre-design is mainly focused on the fluid and pressurization system using common European design standards. Real gas simulations were conducted to quantify the required pressurant mass and to analyse operating parameters. Subsequently, all additional subsystems are described and analysed. Initial requirements such as the maximum outer diameter and limits of the overall mass were given due to the launch system. Further requirements for each module and the main components are identified and examined. Available modules for the service or recovery system and commercially off-the-shelf components were considered to reduce the overall complexity and costs. Preliminary flight stability and aerodynamic loads were evaluated using numerical fluid simulations on different characteristic ascent points. The dimensioned system demonstrates the ability of hybrid rocket engines to be used as propulsion modules for upper stages. This enables the combination of several advantages of common propulsion systems as the main intention in hybrid rocket development.
Factors associated with and 1-year outcomes of fear of falling in a geriatric post-hip fracture assessment
Authors: Jaatinen Roope , Luukkaala Tiina , Hongisto Markus T. , Kujala Minna A. , Nuotio Maria S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Hip fracture causes not only physical injury but also psychological trauma. Fear of falling (FoF) is related to poor recovery, loss of mobility and mortality. There is limited data on the clinical factors affecting post-hip fracture FoF and its consequences.

Objective
To investigate the factors associated with and 1-year outcomes of post-hip fracture FoF.

Methods
An observational prospective cohort study. Data were collected on hospital admission, at a geriatric outpatient assessment 4–6 months post-hip fracture and by telephone interviews 1 year after the index fracture. FoF was assessed with a dichotomous single-item question. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the age, gender and multivariable-adjusted association between baseline and the geriatric assessment domains with FoF. Follow-up outcomes included changes in mobility, living arrangements and mortality.

Results
Of the 916 patients included, 425 (49%) had FoF at the time of their geriatric assessment. These patients were predominantly female and were living alone in their own homes with supportive home care. They scored lower on tests of physical performance. Less FoF was documented in patients with diagnosed cognitive disorders before the index fracture and in those with Clinical Dementia Rating ≥ 1. After adjusting for age and gender, no association was observed between FoF and any of the 1-year follow-up outcomes.

Conclusion
Post-hip fracture FoF is common and associated with female gender, polypharmacy, poor daily functioning, poor physical performance and depressive mood. Patients with cognitive disorders have less FoF than those without. FoF appears to have no impact on the follow-up outcomes.
Picosecond time-resolved X-ray ferromagnetic resonance measurements at Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility
Authors: Yang Xia , Cao Jie-Feng , Li Jun-Qin , Zhu Fang-Yuan , Yu Rui , He Jian , Zhao Zi-Long , Wang Yong , Tai Ren-Zhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn experimental picosecond time-resolved X-ray ferromagnetic resonance (TR-XFMR) apparatus with a time resolution of 13 ps (RMS) or 31 ps (FWHM) was constructed and demonstrated in the 07U and 08U1A soft X-ray beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) using pump-probe detection and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopy. Element and time-resolved ferromagnetic resonance was excited by continuous microwave phase-locking of the bunch clock within the photon beam during synchrotron radiation and was characterized by detecting the magnetic circular dichroism signals of the elements of interest in the magnetic films. Using this equipment, we measured the amplitude of the element-specific moment precession during ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at 2 GHz in a single Ni81Fe19 layer.
Home care allowance and labor market participation of immigrant and native-born mothers
Authors: Fendel Tanja , Jochimsen Beate 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMost countries still have a significant gender gap in labor force participation, and this gap is especially large for immigrants. Despite this gap, Germany introduced various forms of home care allowances in the last decade. Parallel to the extension of early child care and the inclusion of a legal claim for it, from 2013 to 2015, a nationwide home care allowance existed for parents who did not use public child care for children aged one or two years. After 2015, home care allowances continued to exist in several German federal states. Some politicians strongly criticized this transfer for allegedly decreasing work incentives, particularly for mothers with lower labor market integration, such as immigrant mothers. Using federal state differentiated data obtained from the German Socio-Economic Panel, we investigate the impact of a home care allowance on the labor market participation of mothers. For both native-born and especially immigrant mothers, the effects are significantly negative. We conclude that a home care allowance has negative effects on the labor force participation of mothers of young children, irrespective of the legal claim for and the extension of public child care.
Investigation on the Control of COVID-19 in Wuhan: Number of Infections Outside Hospitals and the Reproduction Number
Authors: Chen Yongxue , Zhang Hui , Wang Jingyu , Li Cheng , Yi Ning , Wen Yongxian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 is erupting globally, and Wuhan successfully controlled it within a month. Infections arose from infectious persons outside hospitals. After data revision, data-based and model-based analyses were implemented, and the conclusions are as follows. The incubation period of most infected people may be 6-7 days. The number of infectious persons outside hospitals in Wuhan on January 20, 2020 was about 10000 and reached more than 20000 on the day of Lockdown; it exceeded 72000 on February 4. Both data-based and model-based analyses gave out the evolution of the reproduction number, which was over 2.5 in early January, went down to 1.62 in late January and 1.20 in early February, with a sudden drop to less than 0.5 due to the strict Stay-at-home management after February 11. Strategies of Stay-at-home, Safe-protective measures, and Ark hospitals were the main contributions to control COVID-19 in Wuhan. In Wuhan, 2 inflection points of COVID-19, exactly correspond to February 5 and February 15, the 2 days when Ark hospitals were introduced, and the complete implementation of Stay-at-home. Based on the expression of the reproduction number, group immunity is also discussed. It shows that only when the group immunization rate is over 75% can COVID-19 be under control; group immunity would be full infection and the total deaths will be 220000 for a city as big as Wuhan. Sensitivity analysis suggests that 30% of people staying at home in combination with better behavior changes, such as social-distancing and frequent handwashing, can effectively contain COVID-19. However, only when this proportion is over 60% can the controlled effect and efficiency like Wuhan be obtained.
Logarithmic heavy traffic error bounds in generalized switch and load balancing systems
Authors: Hurtado-Lange Daniela , Varma Sushil Mahavir , Maguluri Siva Theja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivated by applications to wireless networks, cloud computing, data centers, etc., stochastic processing networks have been studied in the literature under various asymptotic regimes. In the heavy traffic regime, the steady-state mean queue length is proved to be
$\Theta({1}/{\epsilon})$
, where
$\epsilon$
is the heavy traffic parameter (which goes to zero in the limit). The focus of this paper is on obtaining queue length bounds on pre-limit systems, thus establishing the rate of convergence to heavy traffic. For the generalized switch, operating under the MaxWeight algorithm, we show that the mean queue length is within
$\textrm{O}({\log}({1}/{\epsilon}))$
of its heavy traffic limit. This result holds regardless of the complete resource pooling (CRP) condition being satisfied. Furthermore, when the CRP condition is satisfied, we show that the mean queue length under the MaxWeight algorithm is within
$\textrm{O}({\log}({1}/{\epsilon}))$
of the optimal scheduling policy. Finally, we obtain similar results for the rate of convergence to heavy traffic of the total queue length in load balancing systems operating under the ‘join the shortest queue’ routeing algorithm.
Composite communication: how dissemination of facial composites in the media affects police investigations
Authors: Vredeveldt Annelies , Tredoux Colin Getty 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen looking for a crime suspect, the police may ask an eyewitness to construct a visual likeness (‘facial composite’) of the perpetrator, to be distributed to the public via newspaper articles, television programmes, or social media. The dissemination of facial composites can have a major impact on police investigations. It often results in a deluge of tips and could potentially influence the memory of other eyewitnesses in the case. In this article, we review research on how to interview eyewitnesses for the optimal construction of facial composites from memory. We discuss types of composite systems and their effectiveness, including the ‘gold standard’ of measuring effectiveness. We compare the question posed to the public when a facial composite is disseminated to face-matching tasks faced by immigration officials and store clerks, but then with the added difficulty of the image being a composite of unknown resemblance to the target. We also discuss the potential danger of composites contaminating other eyewitnesses’ memory, highlighting the lessons learnt from research on unconscious transference. We pose several challenges for future researchers and practitioners. We conclude that evidence-based guidance is lacking to inform the police on whether and how to use facial composites in their investigations.