bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVERYDAY INFRASTRUCTURES OF URBAN LIFE
Authors: Guma Prince K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInfrastructure is commonly perceived through the interpretive monopoly of hegemonic frames of modernity, leading to the frequent oversight of everyday infrastructures. Extensive capital‐intensive infrastructures that are fully integrated and have paled into the background of everyday life are commonly dismissed, criticized, or misconstrued as deteriorating, incongruous, and in need of repair and reinforcement to ‘measure up’. Similarly, ordinary and hybrid techno‐popular infrastructures are frequently demeaned as alternative, informal, secondary, less modern and not belonging. In an era where preference and priority are given to shiny new things and innovations, everyday infrastructures are seldom acknowledged as substantive modes of operation in their own right. This article advocates a shift in perspective. Drawing illustrative cases from eastern Africa, I examine everyday infrastructures as critical sites of reference for analyzing, theorizing, and organizing the urban. Rather than starting from a preconceived notion of modernity, I examine everyday infrastructures on their own terms. I propose a series of registers—incomplete relationalities, mundane temporalities and heterogeneous modernities—to stimulate a reappraisal of how we view, read and think about infrastructure. Accordingly, I reiterate the need to reorient the foundational parameters of infrastructure, advocating for a decentered and heterodox perspective that emphasizes infrastructural plurality, multiplicity and inherent incompleteness.
Effects of Gonadotropin‐Releasing Hormone Analogues on Ovarian Function and Embryogenesis: A Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Mouse Model Study
Authors: Lin Qiwang , Cao Mingzhu , Xu Zijin , Fei He , Jin Yunfeng , Liu Jianqiao , Jiang Hua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo clarify the protective effects of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone analogues (GnRHas) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)‐induced oocyte number loss and development of potential damage.DesignMice model study.SettingLaboratory‐based animal study conducted in controlled research facilities.PopulationFemale C57/BL6 mice subjected to CTX‐induced ovarian damage.MethodsThe effects of GnRHa on CTX mice were evaluated in terms of hormones, oocyte count on slices, oocyte count in established three‐dimensional–constructed ovaries, in vitro fertilisation, RNA sequencing and microinjection.Main Outcome MeasuresThe main outcome measures were the number of oocytes in intact mouse ovaries and oocyte quality, evaluated using three‐dimensional (3D) tissue‐clearing methods, oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen species [ROS] and malondialdehyde [MDT]), mitochondrial function (ATP levels), and embryogenesis rates at the two‐cell, four‐cell and blastocyst stages.ResultsIn CTX mice, GnRHa pretreatment did not protect endocrine hormone changes, but protected loss of oocyte number on slice counting. A tissue‐clearing technique, CUBIC (Clear, Unobstructed Body Imaging Cocktails), was a suitable method for ovaries clearing, and a 3D method for oocyte counting was validated with accuracy of 105.22% ± 3.48%. By this method, GnRHa was also found to protect the loss of oocyte number (597 ± 28 vs. 222 ± 15, p < 0.0001), which may be mediated by upregulated anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels inhibiting primordial follicle development approved by in vitro culture of ovaries. GnRHa also increased the number of retrieved oocytes in CTX mice (19.4 ± 2.1 vs. 15.0 ± 1.6, p < 0.0001) and developmental ability of oocytes (65.0 ± 4.6 vs. 48.1 ± 4.2 for blastocyst, p < 0.0001). RNA sequencing revealed GnRHa pretreatment downregulated pathways of exogenous drug metabolism, oxidative stress and cytochrome P450, validated by detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), MDA and ROS levels. The up‐expression of Cox17 (cytochrome c oxidase copper chaperone 17) after GnRHa pretreatment was confirmed by PCR and microinjection of siCox17 increased the embryogenesis from CTX mice.ConclusionsGnRHa was associated with reduced oocyte loss and improved embryogenesis, likely mediated by AMH and Cox17 upregulation.
Integrated health systems and medical care quality during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ghosh Kaushik , Beaulieu Nancy D. , Dalton Maurice , El Amrani Zakaria , Machado Helene , Cutler David M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo examine differences between patients treated in integrated systems of care and patients treated outside of such systems during the COVID pandemic in the use of primary and preventive care, emergency services, inpatient services, and mortality.Data Sources and Study SettingData are used from all enrollees in traditional Medicare aged 66 and older.Study DesignDifference‐in‐differences estimates are calculated from the pre‐COVID time period (January 2019–February 2020) to the initial COVID time period (March–May 2020) and the ongoing COVID time period (June 2020–December 2021) for patients treated by primary care physicians working in a health system versus not, and by the type of health system.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsMedicare claims data are used to measure monthly claims for office and telehealth visits, mammography, colon cancer screening, inpatient/emergency department visits, and death. Patients are assigned to primary care physicians using common algorithms. Physician membership in a health system is determined from a previously generated dataset.Principal FindingsRelative to the pre‐COVID period, patients treated in health systems fared no better in maintaining primary care access than patients treated outside of such systems (DID estimate on receipt of office care or telehealth visit = −4%; p < 0.001). In the ongoing COVID time period, non‐COVID mortality rose by less in health systems (DID estimate = −0.9%; p < 0.001) and health system patients experienced a greater decline in the use of the emergency department (DID estimate = −1.2%; p < 0.001) and emergency/urgent inpatient care for non‐COVID conditions less (DID estimate = −0.7%; p < 0.001).ConclusionHealth systems were associated with reduced occurrence of death and adverse medical events, although the effect magnitudes are modest. This reduction appears unrelated to the use of primary care and should be considered in the context of our evolving understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of health systems.
METTL3/METTL14‐mediated RNA m6A modification is involved in male reproductive development in Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Zhang Qiuyuan , Li Ziniu , Qiao Jiao , Zheng Chenjun , Zheng Weiwei , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRNA N6‐methyladenine (m6A) modification represents a pivotal epigenetic modification that facilitates the remodeling of gene expression and regulates a variety of biological processes via certain post‐transcriptional mechanisms. However, the specific function of RNA m6A modification in insect male reproduction remains unclear. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism by which METTL3/METTL14‐mediated RNA m6A modification regulates male reproduction in the invasive pest Bactrocera dorsalis. The results showed that BdMettl3 and BdMettl14 were highly expressed in fat body (FB) and male accessory glands (MAGs). Knockout of BdMettl3 or BdMettl14 decreased the expression level of m6A in B. dorsalis, resulting in testicular deformities and a significant reduction of viable sperm number. Specifically, BdMettl3 or BdMettl14 knockout reduced the titer of 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E, the active form of ecdysone) in males. The messenger RNA (mRNA) of Disembodied, one of the 20E synthesis genes, was modified by m6A, and its expression increased the titer of 20E. The mRNA m6A level of Disembodied obviously decreased after the knockout of BdMettl3 or BdMettl14, suggesting that RNA m6A modification regulates testis development and fecundity by modulating 20E synthesis. Taken together, this study indicates that METTL3/METTL14‐mediated RNA m6A modification presents a new regulatory mechanism for male reproduction in B. dorsalis, serving as a potential target for the control of B. dorsalis.
Toward the SKY (Korean Ivy League): South Korean Middle‐Class Mothers' Educational Strategies for Children's Academic Success
Authors: Choi Seongho , Jo Jaeseong , Kim Young Chun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLeveraging Bourdieu's capital theory, this study investigates how Korean middle‐class mothers employ educational strategies to ensure their children's enrollment in prestigious universities, aiming for class reproduction. It delineates their involvement across various domains, including home, school, shadow education, and mothers' networks. The findings contribute to understanding the role of middle‐class parental involvement in class positioning in Korea, while also offering a reconceptualization of Asian parenting styles against the stereotype of “tiger parenting” from a postcolonial perspective.
Caste, Markets, and Surplus Populations: Disciplinary Urbanism in Lahore's Militarised Urban Frontier
Authors: Ahmed Ateeb 
Published: February 2025

AbstractI propose the concept of disciplinary urbanism to capture the Pakistani military's economic, political, and spatial strategies driving urbanisation in the rural–urban frontier in Lahore. Firstly, disciplinary urbanism accounts for the financial, spatial, and coercive strategies for acquiring agricultural land on the urban frontiers. I show how agrarian caste and class relationships are central to accumulating land values through the market and how such transformations create a new class of relative surplus populations along the axis of class, caste, and gender. Secondly, disciplinary urbanism elucidates the extensive application of militarised architectural practices and spatial discipline to enclose state and common lands while controlling surplus populations. I examine the methods used to control, securitise, and capture land and labour and the tactics employed to counter the challenges posed by the informal economic and political activities of the surplus populations, which are controlled differentially based on class, caste, ethnicity, gender, and citizenship.
Electromechanical coupling across the gastroduodenal junction
Authors: Simmonds Sam , Huizinga Jan D. , Taberner Andrew J. , Du Peng , Angeli‐Gordon Timothy R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe gastroduodenal junction is uniquely capable of regulating digestive functions in the gastrointestinal system. The pyloric sphincter, which demarcates the stomach from the small intestine, acts as a mechanical and electrical barrier, isolating each organ, thus enabling independent behaviors that are critical for proper digestion. Unique electrical patterns in the stomach, pylorus, and duodenum underpin the distinct contractile patterns of these regions, and improper organization of these mechanical behaviors leads to clinical conditions such as gastroparesis and dumping syndrome. For this reason, the gastroduodenal junction should be a focal point in investigations of novel biomarkers of gastrointestinal dysfunction. This review summarizes the current knowledge of bioelectrical and mechanical characteristics of the gastroduodenal junction, as well as the relevant underlying anatomy. As there is limited documentation of physiological recordings from the gastroduodenal junction of humans, inferences are made from animal studies and from measurements taken from other regions of the gastrointestinal tract, where appropriate. We suggest hypotheses on gastroduodenal electromechanical coupling and propose further studies to support or reject these ideas. Improved physiological understanding of this region, and the advent of novel diagnostic and therapeutic tools are crucial aspects for the future of clinical gastrointestinal medicine.
Latent profiles and transition of child maltreatment and peer victimization among Chinese internal migrant children: Associations with their psychological maladjustment
Authors: Liang Yiting , Wang Quanquan , Tian Mingyangjia , Zheng Minjie , Liu Xia 
Published: February 2025

AbstractInternal migrant children often face dual challenges from both child maltreatment and peer victimization, yet the impact of various profiles of these experiences, along with their developmental transitions, on psychological maladjustment over time remains unclear. To fill these gaps, this study employed latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis to explore the associations between patterns of child maltreatment and peer victimization and psychological maladjustment (including loneliness, depressive symptoms, behavioral problems, and non‐suicidal self‐injury) and to determine whether changes in these patterns over time predict future psychological maladjustment. The participants comprised 544 Chinese internal migrant children (51.1% male, Mage = 11.75, SD = 1.12) who completed two surveys. At both Time 1 and Time 2, four distinct profiles were identified. The doubly disadvantaged profile was linked to increased loneliness, while no significant differences were observed among the four profiles regarding the other three indicators. Five transitioning profiles were identified: Stable both low profile, fluctuation profile, stable risk profile, exacerbation profile, and mitigation profile. Internal migrant children in distinct transitioning profiles showed different levels of psychological maladjustment. The findings underscore the co‐occurring and transitional nature of child maltreatment and peer victimization, emphasizing the necessity for robust family and school support systems to foster optimal mental health for internal migrant children.
Risk of invasive penile cancer after treatment of penile intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Bjartmar Inessa , Gerdtsson Axel , Torbrand Christian , Kristiansen Sinja 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesTo examine the risk of progression and time to progression from penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) to invasive penile cancer in patients treated for PeIN with either surgery, laser ablation or topical treatment, and to examine recurrence risk after treatment of PeIN.Patients and MethodsData on patients diagnosed with PeIN (n = 1122) between 2000 and 2020 were extracted from the Swedish National Penile Cancer Registry (NPECR). Progression was defined as a second registration of invasive penile cancer in this registry. Additionally, patient charts from the three largest cities in Sweden (Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö) were analysed with regard to both progression of PeIN to invasive cancer and recurrence risk after treatment.ResultsThe NPECR included 1122 patients with PeIN, of whom 23 were re‐registered as having invasive penile cancer. In the 927 PeIN patients for whom data on treatment were available, re‐registration of invasive cancer was seen in 13 patients after surgery, six after laser ablation, and one after topical treatment. The progression‐free probabilities at 24 months in these treatment groups were 99.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.987; 0.999), 100% (95% CI 1.000; 1.000) and 98.8% (95% CI 0.965; 1.000), respectively (log‐rank test P = 0.192). In the Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö cohort, 253 patients with PeIN were followed and 14 developed invasive penile cancer. Of the 247 PeIN cases with data on treatment, four progressed after surgery, eight after laser ablation, and one after topical treatment. The progression‐free probabilities at 24 months in these treatment groups were 98.2% (95% CI 0.956; 1.000), 86.2% (95% CI 0.744; 0.997) and 100% (95% CI 1.000; 1.000), respectively (log‐rank test P < 0.001).ConclusionWe found that PeIN has a low risk of progressing into invasive penile cancer regardless of treatment modality. However, laser ablation therapy is not recommended due to a higher risk of progression after such treatment compared to surgical and topical treatment. We recommend individualised follow‐up protocols of PeIN based on treatment and lesion location.
Environmental Factors Linked to Birth Outcomes in Urban Localities Across Argentina
Authors: Campero Micaela Natalia , Román María Dolores , Scavuzzo Carlos Marcelo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe impact of environmental factors on health is a key focus in public health research. More studies are needed to explore how environmental determinants influence birth outcomes. This study investigates the regional relationship between environmental conditions and birth outcomes in urban areas of Argentina during 2018–2019.MethodsData from 657 urban localities were analyzed. Prevalence rates of low birth weight (LBW), macrosomia, preterm births (PTB), and small for gestational age (SGA) births were calculated using data from the Health Statistics and Information Division. Environmental data were obtained from satellite sources. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was applied to 22 environmental variables using Stata v15. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test evaluated sampling adequacy, and factor scores were calculated using regression analysis. Spatial distributions were mapped in QGIS 3.28, and clusters of environmental factors were identified through optimized hotspot analysis in ArcGIS Pro 3.2. Correlations between environmental factors and birth outcomes were assessed using correlograms in RStudio (p < 0.05).ResultsThe spatial distribution of birth outcomes varied across the country. The analysis identified five factors, with a KMO score of 0.73. Spatial clustering was observed for all factors, with Pampeana and northern regions of Argentina showing the strongest adherence. Factor 1 (related to urban expansion) and Factor 3 (associated with high temperature) showed positive correlations with all birth outcomes. Factor 2 (favorable for vegetation) positively correlated with LBW and SGA births but negatively with macrosomia. Factor 4 (linked to extensive agriculture) was positively associated with LBW and PTB. Factor 5 (PM10 concentration) negatively correlated with macrosomia and SGA births.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into environmental determinants of birth outcomes. Regional analysis of these factors is essential for evidence‐based decision‐making, particularly in climate change context.
Prevalence and Clinical Symptoms of Wheat Allergy in Adults and Adolescents in Central Europe
Authors: Neyer A. , Dölle‐Bierke S. , Höfer V. , Grünhagen J. , Beyer K. , Worm M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWheat is a well‐known elicitor of food allergy, but epidemiological data are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of wheat allergy in an unselected population of adults and adolescents and to characterise the clinical features of this cohort, as well as those of patients who experienced wheat‐induced anaphylaxis.MethodsA population‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted. Fifteen thousand individuals aged 12–80 years were randomly selected, and a standardised questionnaire was applied. If symptoms after wheat consumption were reported, telephone interviews were conducted. In the case of suspected type 1 wheat allergy, a skin prick test, specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and oral food challenge (OFC) were performed. The prevalence of self‐reported wheat sensitivity and wheat allergy was determined after data extrapolation. For the assessment of severe wheat allergy‐associated symptoms, a cohort from the European Anaphylaxis Registry was analysed.ResultsThe questionnaire was answered by 1770 individuals, of whom 13.1% reported symptoms due to the consumption of foods containing wheat. Following telephone interviews (n = 105) and clinical diagnostics (n = 22), type 1 sensitisation to wheat was confirmed in 8 individuals, and 2 subjects were finally diagnosed with an IgE‐mediated wheat allergy. After extrapolation, the prevalence of confirmed wheat allergy in the German population reached 0.25% [95% CI 0.08–0.9]. Self‐reported wheat sensitivity was predominantly seen in females (71%), with local gastrointestinal and non‐specific symptoms. This contrasted with wheat‐induced anaphylaxis, where less than half occurred in females, and symptoms were mainly skin, cardiovascular or respiratory.ConclusionIn a population with widespread wheat consumption, self‐reported wheat sensitivity was common in adults and adolescents, but confirmed wheat allergy was rare. The distinct symptom profiles allow physicians to easily differentiate these entities. Dissemination of our findings may help to improve knowledge of the low prevalence of wheat allergy and may support the reduction of unnecessary dietary restrictions.
Ntoco Promotes Ferroptosis via Hnrnpab‐Mediated NF‐κB/Lcn2 Axis Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice
Authors: Wang Qiang , Zuo Hanjun , Sun Huaqin , Xiao Xiao , Wang Zhao , Li Tingyu , Luo Xiaolei , Wang Yanyun , Wang Tao , Li Juanjuan , Gao Linbo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveEmerging evidence highlights the involvement of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the regulatory role of lncRNAs in TBI‐induced ferroptosis remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role of a specific lncRNA, noncoding transcript of chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 4 (Ccl4) overlapping (Ntoco), in the regulation of ferroptosis following TBI and explore its potential as a therapeutic target.MethodsThe expression levels of Ntoco following controlled cortical injury (CCI) in mice were measured using real‐time PCR. Behavioral tests post‐injury were assessed using the rotarod test and Morris water maze, and lesion volume was evaluated using micro‐MRI. Ntoco binding proteins were identified using RNA pull‐down and RNA immunoprecipitation. RNA sequencing was employed to identify Ntoco‐related pathways. Western blotting and co‐immunoprecipitation were used to measure protein levels and ubiquitination processes.ResultsNtoco upregulation was observed in CCI mice. Ntoco knockdown inhibited neuron ferroptosis, reduced lesion volume, and improved spatial memory following TBI. Ntoco overexpression promoted ferroptosis in neurons. Mechanistically, Ntoco facilitated K48‐linked ubiquitination and degradation of proteins by binding to Hnrnpab, suppressing the NF‐κB/Lcn2 signaling pathway. This included reduced phosphorylation of IkBα, increased phosphorylation of IKKα/β, nuclear translocation of the NF‐κB p65 subunit, and elevated Lcn2 expression.ConclusionOur findings suggest that Ntoco plays a crucial role in TBI‐induced ferroptosis by modulating the NF‐κB/Lcn2 signaling pathway. Targeting Ntoco may provide a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate ferroptosis and improve outcomes following TBI.