bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of HSP90α and related markers in lung cancer
Authors: Yuan Zhimin , Wang Longhao , Hong Songlin , Shi Changbei , Yuan Bin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the expression of heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in patients with lung cancer (LC) and the clinical value of HSP90α and other related markers in the diagnosis of LC.MethodsOf 335 patients enrolled in the study cohort, 175 were screened for LC and 160 were healthy (HC). The plasma levels of HSP90α and related markers (CEA, NSE, CYFRA21‐1 and ProGRP) were detected in all individuals in the cohort by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Groups were divided according to gender (male/female), age (≤60 years/>60 years), types of LC (small‐cell carcinoma, squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma), staging (I, II, III and IV) and metastasis (metastasis and non‐metastasis) separately. Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to compare statistical differences between two groups/among the multiple groups for each factor of HSP90α. The r‐value and Kappa were used to compare HSP90α with related markers, and the receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the efficacy of plasma HSP90α in predicting LC.ResultsNo statistical difference was found in the plasma level of HSP90α among different age and gender groups (p > 0.05). In the group divided by LC type, staging and metastasis status, there were statistical differences among different groups in HSP90α level (p < 0.05). The levels of HSP90α, CEA, NSE, CYFRA21‐1 and ProGRP in LC groups were significantly higher than HC (p < 0.001). R values of HSP90α correlated with other related markers in the diagnosis of LC (p < 0.05). Although HSP90α and other related markers did not fit the satisfactory conformance, in terms of the positive rate of diagnosis, it was statistically differences in the diagnostic positive rate between HSP90α and each marker (p < 0.01). ROC analysis showed that a plasma HSP90α cut‐off point of 50.02 ng/ml had an optimal predictive value for LC.ConclusionsHSP90α has significant clinical value in early screening and diagnosis of LC. The combined application of HSP90α and related markers can improve the positive rate of early diagnosis of LC effectively.
Characteristics of ST11 KPC‐2‐producing carbapenem‐resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae causing nosocomial infection in a Chinese hospital
Authors: Ouyang Pengwen , Jiang Bin , Peng Na , Wang Juan , Cai Liang , Wu Yi , Ye Jianrong , Chen Yiping , Yuan Hao , Tan Chaochao , Tan Liming , Xie Liangyi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of our study is to analyze the microbiological and clinical characteristics of carbapenem‐resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR‐hvKP) that causes nosocomial infection.MethodsWe collected the carbapenem‐resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) strains that caused nosocomial infection in a hospital in China and collected the relevant clinical data. We characterized these strains for their antimicrobial and virulence‐associated phenotype and genotype and analyzed the clonal relatedness. We screened hypervirulent strains and compared them with non‐hypervirulent strains.ResultsWe retrospectively analyzed 62 CRKP strains that caused nosocomial infection in a tertiary hospital within 1 year, of which 41 (41/62, 66.1%) CRKP were considered as CR‐hvKP. All CR‐hvKP strains were multi‐drug resistance (MDR) and the vast majority of isolates (39/41, 95.1%) were ST11 KPC‐2‐producing strains. Two hypermucoviscous isolates and 4 capsular types were found in 41 CR‐hvKP. Twenty‐nine isolates (29/41, 70.7%) showed hypervirulence in Galleria mellonella infection model. PFGE showed that ST11‐KL47 CR‐hvKP and ST11‐KL64 CR‐hvKP exhibited a high degree of clonality, while non‐hypervirulent strains were not significant. CR‐hvKP had higher positive rates of blaKPC‐2 and blaCTX‐M‐65 and higher levofloxacin resistance (p < 0.001, p = 0.005 and p = 0.046, respectively) when compared to the non‐hypervirulent strains. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of in‐hospital mortality (7/41, 17.1% vs 5/21, 23.8%, p = 0.743).ConclusionOur research finds that ST11 KPC‐2‐producing CR‐hvKP is the main type of CRKP that caused nosocomial infection, and clonal spread has occurred. We provide more information about CR‐hvKP in health care.
Associations of experiential avoidance with burnout, wellbeing, and productivity loss among police officers: The mediating role of negative and positive affect
Authors: Mojallal Mahsa , Simons Raluca M. , Quevillon Randal P. , Hatwan Mason L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe current study aims to investigate the indirect associations between experiential avoidance (EA) and burnout, wellbeing, and productivity loss (PL) via the mediating role of positive and negative emotions among police officers.MethodsData were collected on 187 officers (84% male) aged 21–64 years between 2019 and 2020. Participants completed online self‐report measures.ResultsEA was indirectly associated with burnout via positive and negative affect. EA was indirectly associated with wellbeing through positive affect, positive affect and burnout, and negative affect and burnout. Finally, EA was indirectly associated with PL via positive affect and burnout, and negative affect and burnout.ConclusionResults provide support for the role of EA in officers' wellbeing and job performance via increasing negative affect and decreasing positive affect. This highlights the importance of interventions, such as acceptance and commitment therapy that target acceptance and psychological flexibility.
Synthesis and characterization of impurities of Apixaban drug substance—An anticoagulant
Authors: Satheesh Deekonda , Sreenivasulu B. , Reddy Bhavanam Sekhara , Reddy U. Rajasekhar , Saladi J. S. Chakradhar , Gupta P. Badrinath , Reddy Aaramadaka Sunil Kumar , Aegurla Balakrishna , Basavaiah Keloth 
Published: May 2022

AbstractApixaban is an anticoagulant used to treat venous thromboembolic disorders. The present work describes the origin and synthesis of related substances of Apixaban PG ester‐1 and PG ester‐2. These impurities arise in the process of Apixaban drug substance, later these impurities are transformed into the final Apixaban drug substance. These novel synthesized impurities were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HPLC, and HRMS analysis.
Long‐range precipitation forecast based on multipole and preceding fluctuations of sea surface temperature
Authors: Wu Xushu , Guo Shenglian , Qian Shuni , Wang Zhaoli , Lai Chengguang , Li Jun , Liu Pan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLong‐range precipitation forecasting is crucial for flooding control and water resources management. However, making precise forecasting is rather difficult due to the complex climatic factors and large uncertainties arising from long lead times. Sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) is one of the strongest signals that influence regional precipitation, often used for the development of precipitation forecasts. Traditional models using SSTA for precipitation forecasting usually screen SSTA over fixed oceanic zones and neglect its preceding temporal fluctuation information. In this study, we introduce a multipole SSTA index and the preceding fluctuation modes of SSTA to develop a monthly precipitation forecasting model, which is applied to the upper Yangtze River basin in China where monthly precipitation during May–October for the period of 1961–2020 are forecasted. Results show that more significant SSTA poles correlated with precipitation are found for September than for the other months. The new approach is able to forecast monthly precipitation for May–October in the basin, particularly for September. It outperforms traditional statistical and dynamical models and has much more skill in forecasting precipitation for June–September when heavy precipitation is more likely to occur than for May or October. Our approach enriches the knowledge of the relationship between precipitation and SSTA, which is conducive to the improvement of long‐range precipitation forecasting.
Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental reconstructions from sediments of Lake Emanda (Verkhoyansk Mountains, East Siberia)
Authors: Andreev Andrei A. , Nazarova Larisa B. , Lenz Marlene M. , Böhmer Thomas , Syrykh Ludmila , Wagner Bernd , Melles Martin , Pestryakova Ludmila A. , Herzschuh Ulrike 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTContinuous pollen and chironomid records from Lake Emanda (65°17′N, 135°45′E) provide new insights into the Late Quaternary environmental history of the Yana Highlands (Yakutia). Larch forest with shrubs (alders, pines, birches) dominated during the deposition of the lowermost sediments suggesting its Early Weichselian [Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5] age. Pollen‐ and chironomid‐based climate reconstructions suggest July temperatures (TJuly) slightly lower than modern. Gradually increasing amounts of herb pollen and cold stenotherm chironomid head capsules reflect cooler and drier environments, probably during the termination of MIS 5. TJuly dropped to 8 °C. Mostly treeless vegetation is reconstructed during MIS 3. Tundra and steppe communities dominated during MIS 2. Shrubs became common after ~14.5 ka bp but herb‐dominated habitats remained until the onset of the Holocene. Larch forests with shrub alder and dwarf birch dominated after the Holocene onset, ca. 11.7 ka bp. Decreasing amounts of shrub pollen during the Lateglacial are assigned to the Older Dryas and Younger Dryas with TJuly ~ 7.5 °C. TJuly increased up to 13 °C. Shrub stone pine was present after ~7.5 ka bp. The vegetation has been similar to modern since ca. 5.8 ka bp. Chironomid diversity and concentration in the sediments increased towards the present day, indicating the development of richer hydrobiological communities in response to the Holocene thermal maximum.
Effect of solvent composition on the extraction of proteins from hemp oil processing stream
Authors: Cabral Eduarda M , Poojary Mahesha M , Lund Marianne N , Curtin James , Fenelon Mark , Tiwari Brijesh K 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDHempseed meal, a by‐product of the hempseed oil processing stream, is a potential alternative source for food proteins. Efficient extraction of proteins from hempseed meal is challenging owing to differences in the structure and solubility of various protein fractions present in the seed. In the present study, protein was extracted from hempseed meal using four different solvents, including aqueous NaOH, KOH, NaHCO3 and NaCl, at four different concentrations with the aim of improving the recovery of protein fractions rich in essential amino acids.RESULTSExtraction using alkaline solvents provided superior protein recovery (60–78%) compared with NaCl solution and control extractions (20–48% and 21%, respectively). The concentration of alkali or salt (0.25–1 mol L−1) had a minor but significant impact on the yield. Amino acid composition analysis revealed that hempseed meal contains 24% (54.5 ± 0.19 mg g−1) essential amino acids of total amino acids, and extraction with NaOH, KOH, NaHCO3 or NaCl did not improve the selective extraction of essential amino acids compared to control experiments. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) analysis allowed the identification of edestin and albumin in the extracts obtained with NaHCO3 and NaCl solvents, with results further showing that the type of extraction solvent influences protein extraction selectivity.CONCLUSIONAlthough alkali solvents provide superior extraction yields, extraction with water resulted in extracts containing the highest proportion of proteins bearing essential amino acids. According to the results of SDS‐PAGE, extraction using alkali solvents induced protein crosslinking. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy combined with systemic therapy for patients with advanced colorectal liver metastases: Outcomes in a newly established program
Authors: Walker Brett S. , Billingsley Kevin G. , Sutton Thomas L. , Kolbeck Kenneth J. , Korngold Elena K. , Nabavizadeh Nima , Dewey Elizabeth N. , Herzig Daniel O. , Lopez Charles D. , Mayo Skye C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesColorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy has been demonstrated to improve survival in patients with resected CRLM and to facilitate conversion of technically unresectable disease.MethodsBetween 2016 and 2018, n = 22 HAI pumps were placed for CRLM. All patients received systemic chemotherapy concurrently with HAI floxuridine/dexamethasone. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsHAI pumps were placed in seven patients with completely resected CRLM and 15 patients with unresectable disease. Twenty‐one patients received HAI floxuridine with a median of 5 total HAI cycles (interquartile range: 4–7). Biliary sclerosis was the most common HAI‐related complication (n = 5, 24%). Of the 13 patients treated to convert unresectable CRLM, 3 (23%) underwent hepatic resection with curative intent after a median of 7 HAI cycles (range: 4–10). For all HAI patients, the mean OS was 26.7 months from CRLM diagnosis, while the median PFS and hepatic PFS from pump placement were 9 and 13 months, respectively.ConclusionConcomitant HAI and systemic therapy can be utilized at multidisciplinary programs for patients with advanced CRLM, both in the adjuvant setting and to facilitate conversion of unresectable disease.
Lymphadenectomy for lung carcinoids: Which factors may predict nodal upstaging? A multi centric, retrospective study
Authors: Chiappetta Marco , Lococo Filippo , Sperduti Isabella , Cusumano Giacomo , Terminella Alberto , Fournel Ludovic , Guerrera Francesco , Filosso PierLuigi , Tabacco Diomira , Nicosia Samanta , Alifano Marco , Gallina Filippo , Facciolo Francesco , Margaritora Stefano 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate risk factors for nodal upstaging in patients with lung carcinoids and to understand which type of lymphadenectomy is most appropriate.MethodsData regarding patients with lung carcinoids, who underwent surgical resection and lymphadenectomy in five institutions from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2019, were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and pathological tumor characteristics were correlated to analyze lymph node upstaging.ResultsThe analysis was conducted on 283 patients. Pathology showed 230 typical and 53 atypical carcinoids. Nodal and mediastinal upstaging occurred in 33 (11.6%) and 16 (5.6%) patients, respectively. At the univariable analysis, nodal upstaging was significantly correlated with central location (p = 0.003), atypical histology (p < 0.001), pT dimension (p = 0.004), and advanced age (p = 0.043). The multivariable analysis confirmed atypical histology (odds ratio [OR]: 11.030; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.837−25.153, p < 0.001) and central location (OR: 3.295; 95% CI: 1.440−7.540, p = 0.005) as independent prognostic factors for nodal upstaging. Atypical histology (p < 0.001), pT dimension (p = 0.036), number of harvested lymph node stations (p = 0.047), and type of lymphadenectomy (p < 0.001) correlated significantly with mediastinal upstaging. The multivariable analysis confirmed atypical histology (OR: 5.408; 95% CI: 1.391−21.020, p = 0.015) and pT (OR: 1.052; 95% CI: 1.021−1.084, p = 0.001) as independent prognostic factors.ConclusionAtypical histology, dimension, and central location are associated with a high‐risk for occult hilo‐mediastinal metastases, and mediastinal radical dissection may predict nodal upstaging. Thus, we suggest radical mediastinal lymph node dissection in high‐risk tumors, reserving sampling, or lobe‐specific dissection in peripheral, small typical carcinoids.
Early warning of regional land‐use ecological security issues: A case‐study of Xingguo County, China
Authors: He Yafen , Cheng Hao , Xie Hualin , He Qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPoor land use remains a major threat to ecological security. Land ecological security early warning and simulation of land‐use patterns based on the ‘anti‐planning’ theory provide many research bases for maintaining land ecological security. However, their utility with respect to illegal development and construction is limited. This study defines the concept of early warning based regional land‐use ecological security and builds a framework system for it. A case‐study investigation was carried out using land use, natural geography and social and economic basic data in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, China. The ecological red line zone (a sustainable ecological infrastructure for regional development similar to the municipal infrastructure) of the case area was 1816.16 km2, accounting for 56.49% of the total area; the core zone was 138.23 km2, accounting for 4.30% of the total area. For the natural development scenario, regional construction land pattern changes spread from the centre to the surroundings. In early warning land‐use ecological security, serious alerts were more concentrated in Lianjiang Town, Changgang Township, and Butou Township; moderate alerts were less concentrated and distributed in Longping Township and light alerts were more scattered and distributed in many townships. We propose corresponding prevention strategies for different levels of alerts. The construction of an early warning mechanism for regional land‐use ecological security can assist land spatial planning in regional development. More importantly, it can formulate land‐use ecological risk prevention strategies in advance.
A low‐power‐consumption massive MIMO scheme based on multibeam antenna array
Authors: Fu Pengyu , Zhang Yongjian , Hu Mingzhe , Chen Zixuan , Liu Peiqin , Li Yue 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a low‐power‐consumption massive multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) scheme with an integrated multibeam antenna array is proposed for the green fifth‐generation (5G) communication base stations. The referenced antenna array includes 8 × 16 dual‐polarized antennas with Butler matrix networks, leading to low radiofrequency (RF) complexity and low consumption. The measured results demonstrate that the antenna array achieves four beam clusters with a 45° coverage in elevated plane, with gain of 15.4 dBi at 3.6 GHz. Based on this, the generated beam clusters and corresponding RF chains can be switched independently according to the real‐time user scenario. It is analyzed that the consumption for both RF chains and computation can be reduced with a similar channel capacity compared with the conventional phased array. With the merits of low complexity and low consumption, the proposed massive MIMO scheme exhibits promising usage for green 5G base station applications.
Online self‐regulated learning and academic procrastination: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Ma Minjie , Li Miao , Wang Qianqian , Qiu Arui , Wang Tingzhao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOnline learning has recently replaced traditional offline learning as the mainstream learning model for Chinese college students owing to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study examined the relationship between online self‐regulated learning and academic procrastination among 1149 Chinese undergraduates who participated in online learning. The effects of online self‐regulated learning on academic procrastination and whether it was mediated by attention control and moderated by peer support were investigated. Mediation analyses revealed that attention control partially mediates online self‐regulated learning and academic procrastination. Peer support moderated the direct effect of online self‐regulated learning and the mediating effect of attention control on academic procrastination. Our findings provide important ways to reduce academic procrastination and mitigate the adverse impacts of online learning.
A method for phenotyping roots of large plants
Authors: Rinehart Brian , Poffenbarger Hanna , Lau Daniel , McNear Dave 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLinking root traits to plant functions can enable crop improvement for yield and ecosystem functions. However, plant breeding efforts targeting belowground traits are limited by appropriate phenotyping methods for large root systems. While advances have been made allowing for imaging large in situ root systems, many of these methods are inaccessible due to expensive technology requirements. The aim of this work was to develop a plant phenotyping platform and analysis method suitable for assessing root traits of large, intact root systems. With the use of a purpose‐built imaging table and automated photo capture system, machine learning‐based image segmentation, and off‐the‐shelf trait analysis software, the developed method yielded results of comparable accuracy to commercial root scanning platforms without requiring access to prohibitively expensive equipment. This methodology enables root studies to move beyond the size limitations of scanner‐based methods, integrate whole‐system traits like root depth distribution, and save time on root image capture.
A pH‐ and redox‐stimulated responsive hollow mesoporous silica for triggered delivery of fungicides to control downy mildew of Luffa cylindrica
Authors: Yang Liupeng , Chen Huiya , Yan Wenjuan , Huang Suqing , Cheng Dongmei , Xu HanHong , Zhang Zhixiang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDDowny mildew, a devastating disease of cucurbitaceous crops caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Although a variety of fungicides are used to control downy mildew, choosing an effective product can be challenging. Environmental stimulus‐responsive pesticide delivery systems have great potential to improve the effectiveness of disease and pest control and reduce the impact on environmentally beneficial organisms.RESULTSIn this work, a disulfide bond (SS)‐modified and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS)‐capped hollow mesoporous silica (HMS) pesticide delivery system was synthesized using a hard template method for the control of downy mildew in cucurbit crops. The synthesized nanoparticles were loaded with dimethomorph (DMM), denoted as DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS, and the developmental toxicity of these nanoparticles to zebrafish embryos were evaluated. The results showed that the prepared DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS exhibited excellent dual response properties to pH and glutathione (GSH), with an encapsulation rate of up to 24.36%. DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS has good ultraviolet (UV) radiation stability and adhesion properties. Compared with dimethomorph suspension concentrate (SC), DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS was more effective against downy mildew for up to 21 days. Toxicity tests showed that DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS significantly reduced the effect of DMM on the hatching rate and survival rate of zebrafish embryos.CONCLUSIONSThis work not only demonstrates that DMM@HMS‐SS‐COS could be used as a nanodelivery system for intelligent control of downy mildew but also emphasizes the necessity of increasing the acute toxicity of nanoformulations to non‐target organisms in environmental risk assessment. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.