bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi‐supervised interactive fusion network for MR image segmentation
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Bian Yun , Lu Yuxuan , Meng Qingquan , Zhu Weifang , Shi Fei , Chen Xinjian , Shao Chengwei , Xiang Dehui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundMedical image segmentation is an important task in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. The low contrast and highly flexible anatomical structure make it challenging to accurately segment the organs or lesions.PurposeTo improve the segmentation accuracy of the organs or lesions in magnetic resonance (MR) images, which can be useful in clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancers.MethodsFirst, a selective feature interaction (SFI) module is designed to selectively extract the similar features of the sequence images based on the similarity interaction. Second, a multi‐scale guided feature reconstruction (MGFR) module is designed to reconstruct low‐level semantic features and focus on small targets and the edges of the pancreas. Third, to reduce manual annotation of large amounts of data, a semi‐supervised training method is also proposed. Uncertainty estimation is used to further improve the segmentation accuracy.ResultsThree hundred ninety‐five 3D MR images from 395 patients with pancreatic cancer, 259 3D MR images from 259 patients with brain tumors, and four‐fold cross‐validation strategy are used to evaluate the proposed method. Compared to state‐of‐the‐art deep learning segmentation networks, the proposed method can achieve better segmentation of pancreas or tumors in MR images.ConclusionsSFI‐Net can fuse dual sequence MR images for abnormal pancreas or tumor segmentation. The proposed semi‐supervised strategy can further improve the performance of SFI‐Net.
Antimicrobial dual ionic‐covalent k‐carrageenan/carboxymethyl chitosan membranes with robust moisture retention property
Authors: Zhang Hai‐qiang , Zhou Jiale , Wang Hai , Lan Dongwei , Peng Yan , Li Zhi , Dai Fangyin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo develop an antimicrobial membrane for wound healing, the blended k‐carrageenan (KC)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) membranes were fabricated through a freeze‐drying process together with a dual‐ion (Cu2+and K+ or Cu2+and Ca2+) crosslinking approach. The dual‐ion crosslinking by Cu2+and K+ could not only make the membranes compact but could also improve the uptake capacity and mechanical properties of the fabricated membranes. The maximum tensile stress of membranes reached up to 43 MPa and the highest swelling ratio was around 5500%, exhibiting robust moisture retention property. The CMCH and Cu2+ in blended membranes provided a good antimicrobial property against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. Moreover, the fabricated membranes showed good cytocompatibility. These results indicated the fabricated KC/CMCH membranes with dual‐ion by Cu2+ and K+ have favorable properties and have a great potential for application in wound healing.
Duration of the patient interval in breast cancer and factors associated with longer delays in low‐and middle‐income countries: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Petrova Dafina , Garrido Dunia , Špacírová Zuzana , Fernández‐Martínez Nicolás Francisco , Ivanova Ganka , Rodríguez‐Barranco Miguel , Pollán Marina , Barrios‐Rodríguez Rocío , Sánchez Maria José 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveBreast cancer survival is lower in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) partially due to many women being diagnosed with late‐stage disease. The patient interval refers to the time elapsed between the detection of symptoms and the first consultation with a healthcare provider and is considered one of the core indicators for early diagnosis and treatment. The goal of the current research was to conduct a meta‐analysis of the duration of the patient interval in LMICs and investigate the socio‐demographic and socio‐cultural factors related to longer delays in presentation.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review with meta‐analysis (pre‐registered protocol CRD42020200752). We searched seven information sources (2009–2022) and included 50 articles reporting the duration of patient intervals for 18,014 breast cancer patients residing in LMICs.ResultsThe longest patient intervals were reported in studies from the Middle East (3–4 months), followed by South‐East Asia (2 months), Africa (1–2 months), Latin America (1 month), and Eastern Europe (1 month). Older age, not being married, lower socio‐economic status, illiteracy, low knowledge about cancer, disregarding symptoms or not attributing them to cancer, fear, negative beliefs about cancer, and low social support were related to longer delays across most regions. Longer delays were also related to use of alternative medicine in the Middle East, South‐East Asia, and Africa and distrust in the healthcare system in Eastern Europe.ConclusionsThere is large variation in the duration of patient intervals across LMICs in different geographical regions. Patient intervals should be reduced and, for this purpose, it is important to explore their determinants taking into account the social, cultural, and economic context.
Developing CHCA/PPD as a novel matrix for enhanced matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging for analysis of antibiotics in grass carp tissues
Authors: Qiu Xin , Chen Fengming , Liu Tong , Feng Feng , Zhang Yuan , Feng Xuesong , Zhang Feng 
Published: November 2022

Antibiotics have important medical value, but they need to be monitored when used as veterinary drugs. We report α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamic acid/p‐phenylenediamine (CHCA/PPD) hybrid as a novel matrix for enhanced matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) in situ the spatial distribution of antibiotic drugs in grass carp tissues.MethodWe have used MALDI‐TOF‐MSI in positive ion mode for the analysis of quinolones and sulfonamides in grass carps. A novel CHCA/PPD matrix was prepared and applied using a simple method to improve the analysis.ResultsCompared with the traditional matrix, CHCA/PPD significantly improved the detection intensity of quinolones and sulfonamides with better sensitivity (17.20%–94.30%) and reproducibility. For demonstration, this novel matrix was successfully applied to visualize enrofloxacin (ENR) in grass carp tissues, with the entire abundance differences clearly observed based on MALDI‐MSI. The concentration levels in different tissues were determined, with a calibration curve of 10–2000 μg/ml (R2 > 0.993).ConclusionThis study was the first to introduce CHCA/PPD as a novel matrix, and the classical acid–base mixing was used to improve the ionization effect of the traditional matrix CHCA in MALDI. Based on CHCA/PPD, MALDI‐MSI detected ENR in different grass carp tissues for the first time and realized the spatial distribution and concentration detection.
Two‐step particle swarm optimization algorithm for effective deconvolution and resolution enhancement of various overlapping peaks
Authors: Ji Xiaoli , Liu Rong , Hao Jie , Wang Chenlu , Li Junhui , Gao Wenqing , Yu Jiancheng , Tang Keqi 
Published: November 2022

RationaleThe existing particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are only effective in deconvoluting the overlapping peaks in ion mobility spectra with fewer than four component peaks, which limits the applicability of these algorithms.MethodsA high‐performance two‐step particle swarm optimization (TSPSO) algorithm was developed. Compared to the existing PSO algorithms, TSPSO can narrow the search ranges of all coefficients for the overlapping peaks through Gaussian model calculation, and thus can deconvolute various overlapping peaks with high accuracy, even for 30‐component overlapping peaks. In addition, the TSPSO could be further applied to enhance the resolution of the spectra by narrowing the peak widths after the peak deconvolution.ResultsSimulated overlapping peaks were first used to evaluate the performance of TSPSO as compared to the dynamic inertia weight particle swarm optimization (DIWPSO) algorithm. The results showed that the profiles of the peaks deconvoluted by using TSPSO were more consistent with the original ones. The fitness values and the standard deviations of the fitness values from TSPSO were also at least an order of magnitude less than those from DIWPSO. By applying TSPSO, the overlapping peaks from both mass spectrometry (MS) and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) spectra can also be well deconvoluted. In addition, the resolutions of the MS and FAIMS spectra can be effectively enhanced after peak deconvolution. The enhanced spectra matched excellently with the experimental ones acquired at high‐resolution modes.ConclusionsThe experiment results convincingly demonstrate that the TSPSO algorithm is capable of both deconvoluting complex overlapping peaks and enhancing the spectrum resolution with high accuracy.
Sexuality education as developmentally appropriate in the American Catholic Higher Education Curriculum
Authors: Levand Mark A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractScholars have urged institutions of higher learning to include academy engagement with sexuality education in recent years. While Catholic colleges and universities specifically express the concern for whole‐person development, there has only been recent calls to include this topic when addressing student affairs. If left out of the larger curriculum, this part of the human experience can often be left unexamined. After identifying the agreement between the church and secular US national sex ed standards on developmentally appropriate sexuality education, I identify the breadth and complexity of what is meant by “sexuality” followed by the social and cognitive developmental theories that substantiate the need for sexuality information at the college level. I conclude with further support in church documents for the inclusion of sexuality education in Catholic higher learning for the more fully integrated experience of human sexuality.
Conducting Polymers: A Versatile Material for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Benny Mattam Liya , Bijoy Anusha , Abraham Thadathil Ditto , George Louis , Varghese Anitha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConducting polymers (CPs) are organic polymers with metallic conductivity or semiconducting properties which have drawn considerable attention globally. They are versatile materials because of their excellent environmental stability, electrical conductivity, economic importance as well as optical and electronic properties. CPs are interesting because they can be functionalized in several ways and the chemical properties are fine‐tuned by incorporating new functionalities, making them more suitable in biomedical and other applications. They act as appropriate mediums of biomolecules and can be employed to improve the speed, stability, and sensitivity of various biomedical devices. They can transit between conducting and semiconducting states and have the ability to change mechanical properties by regulated doping, chemical modifications, etc. In this paper, we review the potential biomedical uses of conducting polymers such as smart textiles, bioactuators, hydrogels, and the use of CPs in neural prosthetic devices.
Hyaluronidase Inhibitory Activity and In Silico Docking Study of New Eugenol 1,2,3‐triazole Derivatives
Authors: Elattar Eman M. , Galala Amal A. , Saad Hassan‐Elrady A. , Badria Farid A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChemical transformation study is considered as an important tool for new drugs discovery. It was conducted on the natural compound eugenol for semi‐synthesizing new structural scaffolds. Three new eugenol 1,2,3‐triazole derivatives as well as a known one were synthesizedviaclick chemistry using the Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition method. All derivatives were characterized by NMR analysis in combination with ESIMS. Molecular docking andin vitroinhibition potency of eugenol and its derivatives towards hyaluronidase enzyme were examined. The synthesized derivative 4‐((4‐allyl‐2‐methoxyphenoxy)methyl)‐1‐benzyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole showed an enhanced hyaluronidase inhibitory effect, 1.5 times, higher than its parent compound eugenol.
An Fe2O3/Mn2O3 Nanocomposite Derived from a Metal‐Organic Framework as an Anode Material for Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Zhiqiang , Zhu Jiping , Tang Weihao , Ding Yuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA facile and efficient coprecipitation was used to synthesize metal‐organic framework (MOF), which was used as the precursor to prepare Fe2O3/Mn2O3 nanocomposite as anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Fe2O3/Mn2O3 nanocomposite (synthesized by terephthalic acid) proved to show superior electrochemical performance compared to the single component, with a capacity of 1016 mA h g−1 after 240 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, capacity retention reached 114 %. This can be attributed to the uniform nanostructure brought by the MOF precursor and the stepwise volume change process of the two metal oxides, which leads to a higher electrical conductivity with a more stable structure. Meanwhile, this novel method for the synthesis of heterogeneous structural materials could open the way for the preparation of other high‐performance hybrid materials in LIBs.
Biomimetic Nanoplatelets to Target Delivery Hirudin for Site‐Specific Photothermal/Photodynamic Thrombolysis and Preventing Venous Thrombus Formation
Authors: Li Shuting , Zhang Kai , Ma Zhaoyu , Zhang Weiyun , Song Zhiyong , Wang Wenjing , Han Heyou 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to the high recurrence rate and mortality of venous thrombosis, there is an urgent need for research on antithrombotic strategies. Because of the short half‐life, poor targeting capabilities, bleeding complications, and neurotoxic effects of conventional pharmacological thrombolysis methods, it is essential to develop an alternative strategy to noninvasive thrombolysis and decrease the recurrence rate of venous thrombosis. A platelet‐mimetic porphyrin‐based covalent organic framework‐engineered melanin nanoplatform, to target delivery of hirudin to the vein thrombus site for noninvasive thrombolysis and effective anticoagulation, is first proposed. Owing to the thrombus‐hosting properties of platelet membranes, the nanoplatform can target the thrombus site and then activate hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species for thrombolysis under near‐infrared light irradiation. The photothermal therapy/photodynamic therapy combo can substantially improve the effectiveness (85.7%) of thrombolysis and prevent secondary embolism of larger fragments. Afterward, the highly loaded (97%) and slow‐release hirudin (14 days) are effective in preventing the recurrence of blood clots without the danger of thrombocytopenia. The described biomimetic nanostructures offer a promising option for improving the efficacy of thrombolytic therapy and reducing the risk of bleeding complications in thrombus associated diseases.
Interlayer Charge Transfer Over Graphitized Carbon Nitride Enabling Highly‐Efficient Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation
Authors: Chen Yueling , Yu Mingfei , Huang Guocheng , Chen Qiaoshan , Bi Jinhong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExploiting cost‐effective, high‐efficiency, and contamination‐free semiconductors for photocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (N2RR) is still a great challenge, especially in sacrificial‐free system. On basis of the electron “acceptance–donation” concept, a boron‐doped and carbon‐deficient g‐C3N4 (BxCvN) is herein developed through precise dopant and defect engineering. The optimized B15CvN exhibisted an NH3 production rate of 135.3 µmol h−1 g−1 in pure water with nine‐fold enhancement to the pristine graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), on account of the markedly elevated visible‐light harvesting, N2 activation, and multi‐directional photoinduced carriers transfer. The decorated B atoms with coexistent occupied and empty sp3 hybridized orbitals are theoretically proved to be in charge of the increase of N2 adsorption energy from –0.08 to –0.26 eV and the change in N2 adsorption model from one‐way to two‐way end‐on pattern. Noticeably, the elaborate coordination of doped B atoms and carbon vacancies greatly facilitated the interlayer interaction and vertical charge migration of BxCvN, which is distinctly revealed through the charge density difference calculations. The current study provides an alternative groundbreaking perspective for advancing photocatalytic N2RR through the targeted configuration of the defect and dopant sites.
Environmental impact evaluation of a proposed steel and cement complex in the waste management scenario
Authors: Panda Chittaranjan , Pujary Anubha , Pradhan Nibedita , Jena Trilochan , Mallick Subrat Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnvironmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important tool that identifies impact parameters, qualitatively and quantitatively predicts and evaluates the anticipated adverse and beneficial impacts. It then suggests mitigation measures and if possible alternative action. Therefore, EIA becomes mandatory for almost every planning and development processes. This paper makes analysis of the large‐scale polluting industrial processes of steel, power, and cement. It uses EIA study and consequent Environmental Management Plan (EMP) that includes elaborate mitigation measures and peripheral development. Ideally, the complete waste utilization with optimum use of resources and energy can be implemented by the industry and the same is very often mandated by regulatory authorities. The quantitative evaluation of impact by using modified Leopold matrix is separately carried out to compute total impact score (TIS) in each case. Obviously the TIS value in case of EMP with incorporation of social issues and waste utilization comes out to be a net positive value of 2218.3 offsetting the case without these issues, with a resultant high negative value of 5983.5. Sustainability aspect of the project is considered with economic, environmental and social aspects along with waste management aspects, in order to justify the viability of the project.
Survey on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in domestic cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) in central Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Roshan Babu , Dhakal Madhuri Adhikari , Ale Purna Bahadur , Regmi Ganga Ram , Ghimire Tirth Raj 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionCats (Felis catus) are the only felines that live in close contact with humans. Since cats can act as vectors, carriers, reservoirs and definitive hosts of many gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, parasitic assessment could contribute to their survival and well‐being.AimsThe current study aimed to assess the diversity and prevalence of GI parasites in domestic and feral cats from Ratnanagar in Chitwan in Central Nepal.MethodsA total of 107 fresh faecal samples of cats (90 household cats and 17 feral cats) of varied ages and sex were collected and transported to the laboratory. The copromicroscopic examination was carried out following direct wet mount, formalin‐ethyl acetate sedimentation, saturated salt flotation, acid‐fast staining and sporulation techniques. Furthermore, associated risk factors were evaluated to ascertain the predictor of risks for parasitic acquisition.ResultsThe current study revealed an overall 95.3% prevalence rate with a 100% rate in feral cats and 94.4% in household cats. Altogether, 18 (17 known and one unknown) different species of GI parasites were reported with the helminths (95.3%; 11 species) and the protozoa (55.1%; seven species). Besides age and sex, outdoor lifestyle, absence or unknown history of medication and hunting behaviour of the felines are the predictors of risk. Furthermore, mixed infection was comparatively higher than single infection in the faecal samples.ConclusionsCats harbour a higher prevalence and greater diversity of GI parasites, and parasitism varies with age and sex. This finding can be essential for veterinarians and public health authorities for strategic treatment and for assessing the zoonotic transmission of the parasites from these felines. Importantly, an effective medication strategy for cats and owners is recommended.
Nonclassical continuum theories for fluent media incorporating rotation rates and their thermodynamic consistency
Authors: Surana Karan S. , Carranza Celso H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present three micropolar nonclassical continuum theories (NCCT) for fluent medium in which a material point always has velocities as degrees of freedom, additionally, we consider (i) in the first NCCT, we consider classical or internal rotations rates (known) due to skew‐symmetric part of velocity gradient tensor; (ii) in the second NCCT, we consider rotation rates and Cosserat or microrotation rates (unknown degrees of freedom); (iii) in the third NCCT, we consider Cosserat or microrotation rates only, hence are neglected. Conservation and balance laws (CBL) and the constitutive theories are derived for all three NCCT. We examine consistent choice of kinematic variables, modification of the CBL of classical continuum theories (CCT) due to new physics and determine if the new physics of rotation rates requires additional balance law. All three NCCT derived here are examined for thermodynamic and/or mathematical consistency and are compared with published works. Model problem studies are also presented.
Long-term LHC discovery reach for compressed Supersymmetry models using VBF processes
Authors: Cardona Nathalia , Flórez Andrés , Gurrola Alfredo , Johns Will , Sheldon Paul , Tao Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The identity of Dark Matter (DM) is one of the most active topics in particle physics today. Supersymmetry (SUSY) is an extension of the standard model (SM) that could describe the particle nature of DM in the form of the lightest neutralino in R-parity conserving models. We focus on SUSY models that solve the hierarchy problem with small fine tuning, and where the lightest SUSY particles $$ \left({\tilde{\upchi}}_1^0,{\tilde{\upchi}}_1^{\pm },{\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) $$

χ
˜

1
0

χ
˜

1
±

χ
˜

2
0

are a triplet of higgsino-like states, such that the mass difference $$ \Delta m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0,{\tilde{\upchi}}_1^0\right) $$
Δ
m

χ
˜

2
0

χ
˜

1
0

is 0.5–50 GeV. We perform a feasibility study to assess the long-term discovery potential for these compressed SUSY models with higgsino-like states, using vector boson fusion (VBF) processes in the context of proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 13 TeV, at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Assuming an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb−1, we find that stringent VBF requirements, combined with large missing momentum and one or two low-pT leptons, is effective at reducing the major SM backgrounds, leading to a 5σ (3σ) discovery reach for $$ m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) $$
m

χ
˜

2
0

< 180 (260) GeV, and a projected 95% confidence level exclusion region that covers $$ m\left({\tilde{\upchi}}_2^0\right) $$
m

χ
˜

2
0

up to 385 GeV, parameter space that is currently unconstrained by other experiments.
Bond-weighting method for the Grassmann tensor renormalization group
Authors: Akiyama Shinichiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recently, the tensor network description with bond weights on its edges has been proposed as a novel improvement for the tensor renormalization group algorithm. The bond weight is controlled by a single hyperparameter, whose optimal value is estimated in the original work via the numerical computation of the two-dimensional critical Ising model. We develop this bond-weighted tensor renormalization group algorithm to make it applicable to the fermionic system, benchmarking with the two-dimensional massless Wilson fermion. We show that the accuracy with the fixed bond dimension is improved also in the fermionic system and provide numerical evidence that the optimal choice of the hyperparameter is not affected by whether the system is bosonic or fermionic. In addition, by monitoring the singular value spectrum, we find that the scale-invariant structure of the renormalized Grassmann tensor is successfully kept by the bond-weighting technique.