bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercício de tradução do português para o italiano da crônica Mineirinho, de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Lopes Claudia Valéria Arantes 
Published: October 2022

RESUMO: Embora não seja uma prática usual, o presente ensaio traz soluções e compensações que um tradutor de língua materna português brasileiro encontra ao verter para o italiano a crônica “Mineirinho”, de autoria de Clarice Lispector, inspirado na morte do inimigo público número um da polícia nos anos 60, chamado José Rosa de Miranda, o Mineirinho. Considerando a natureza do texto, tentou-se transpor para a língua italiana estranhamentos típicos da sintaxe de Clarice Lispector, com resultado que julgamos satisfatório. Além disso, para ilustrar algumas das soluções encontradas, serão destacados trechos em que ambas as traduções divergem.Palavras-chave: Clarice Lispector. Traduções comparadas. Traduzir para língua não materna. Contexto social como instrumento de tradução. Tarefa do tradutor.ABSTRACT: Nonostante non sia una pratica usuale, questo saggio propone soluzioni e compensi che un traduttore, madrelingua portoghese brasiliano, trova nel tradurre in italiano la cronaca, scritta da Clarice Lispector, ispirata alla morte del nemico pubblico numero uno della polizia negli anni 60’ chiamato José Rosa de Miranda, o Mineirinho. Considerata la natura del testo, si è cercato di trasporre alla lingua italiana straniamenti tipici della sintassi di Clarice Lispector, con un risultato che riteniamo soddisfacente. Inoltre, al fine di illustrare alcune delle soluzioni riscontrate, verranno evidenziati stralci in cui entrambe le traduzioni divergono.Parole chiave: Clarice Lispector. Traduzioni a confronto. Tradurre in una lingua non nativa. Contesto sociale come strumento di traduzione. Compito del traduttore. ABSTRACT: Although it is not a usual practice, this essay brings solutions and compensations that a Brazilian Portuguese mother-tongue translator finds when translating into Italian the chronicle “Mineirinho”, by Clarice Lispector, inspired by the death of public enemy number one of the police in the 60s, called José Rosa de Miranda, o Mineirinho. Considering the nature of the text, an attempt was made to transpose typical estrangements of Clarice Lispector's syntax to the Italian language, with a result that we consider satisfactory. In addition, in order to illustrate some of the solutions found, excerpts in which there are divergences between a previous translation and the one proposed will be highlighted.Keywords: Clarice Lispector. Compared translations. Translating into non-native language. Social context as a translation tool. Translator's task.
Telephone triage for 2-week-wait cancer clinics: a viable alternative to face-to-face clinics?
Authors: Garrard A , Bashyam A , Pitkin L 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Head and neck cancer services have had to adapt to reduce the risk of exposure to patients and staff during the pandemic. Telephone consultations as a first point contact have been adopted in some centres. It is important that this does not lead to delays in diagnosis. Our hospital adopted a telephone triage service and we aim to describe the implications of this structure. Methods Data were collected from all new patients referred to the head and neck 2-week-wait (2ww) pathway from June to September of 2019 and 2020. Days between first clinic appointment and cancer or noncancer diagnosis were calculated. Statistical tests were performed between years. Results A total of 215 patients in 2019, and 165 in 2020 were included; 23 (6.8%) cancer diagnoses were identified across 2019 and 2020 groups. The cancer group had a mean time from first consultation to date of diagnosis of 16.33 days in 2019 and 12.81 days in 2020. There was no significant difference in days until diagnosis between 2019 and 2020 (p=0.05). In the noncancer group there was no significant difference in days until noncancer diagnosis (p=0.05). In 2020 26.1% (n=43) patients did not need to be seen face-to-face (f2f) under the 2ww pathway after telephone triage. Conclusions No difference in diagnosis timing was observed between cancer and noncancer patents in 2019 and 2020. Telephone clinics reduce the total number of f2f appointments required. Reduction in the number of f2f appointments may have other benefits in saving time and environmental costs.
Nested Sampling aided determination of tantalum optical constants in the EUV spectral range
Authors: Saadeh Qais , Naujok Philipp , Wu Meiyi , Philipsen Vicky , Thakare Devesh , Scholze Frank , Buchholz Christian , Stadelhoff Christian , Wiesner Thomas , Soltwisch Victor 
Published: October 2022

We report on determining the
optical constants of Ta in the sub-extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral
range 5.0–24.0 nm from the angle-dependent reflectance (ADR)
measured using monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Two sputtered
samples with differing thicknesses were investigated. Complementarily
x-ray reflectance was measured at shorter wavelengths and evaluated by
Fourier transform to facilitate an unambiguous selection of a model
for the data evaluation based on an inverse solution of the Fresnel’s
equations for a layered system. Bayesian inferences coupled with a
Nested Sampling (NS) algorithm were utilized to derive the optical
constants with their corresponding uncertainties. This report further
emphasizes the applicability of an acclaimed NS algorithm on a
high-dimensional inverse problem. We explore the possibility of
addressing the correlations between the optical constants of thin
films and their structural parameters based on other established
studies.
The importance of the clinical classification of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in the prognosis
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Dantas , Ribeiro Guilherme Sousa , Anjos Rosangela Oliveira , Dias Maria Almeida , Farre Lourdes , Araújo Iguaracyra , Bittencourt Achiléa Lisboa 
Published: October 2022

Background
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), a peripheral T-cell leukemia/lymphoma associated with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), has been classified following the clinical forms defined by Shimoyama in 1991. A suggestion to modify Shimoyama’s classification was proposed in 2007 to differentiate within the smoldering patients those who presented nodules or tumors in the skin without lung involvement, which was named the primary cutaneous tumoral (PCT) form of ATLL. In the present study, according to their clinicopathological characteristics, we estimated the mortality rates of 143 ATLL patients from Bahia, Brazil. We also evaluated the importance of classifying PCT/ATLL separately from the smoldering type on disease prognosis.

Methodology/Principal findings
Diagnosis of ATLL was established based on a positive serology for HTLV-1, histopathological and/or cytological diagnosis of peripheral T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Patients were clinically grouped according to Shimoyama’s classification, considering PCT variants separately from the smoldering cases. Bivariate and multivariable survival analyses were applied to identify factors associated with disease prognosis. Significant differences in the median survival time were observed between the clinical types, with the smoldering type presenting the longest median survival (109 months) compared to the other forms (<50 months); the median survival for PCT/ATLL was 20 months. Multivariable analysis confirmed that ATLL clinical types were associated with survival, with a better prognosis for patients with the smoldering and chronic types. Furthermore, skin involvement was related to a worse outcome in the multivariable analysis, regardless of the clinical form and presence of lymphadenopathy.

Conclusions/Significance
Our results reinforce the importance of considering the PCT/ATLL separately from the smoldering type when classifying ATLL to better define prognosis and treatment, given the significant difference in the survival of patients between the smoldering form and PCT/ATLL. Skin involvement should also be considered an independent prognostic factor in patients with ATLL.
In vitro cytotoxicity of human urine and its potential toxic parameters towards bladder cancer cells
Authors: Zhao Hongda , Tse Ryan Tsz-Hei , Cheng Carol Ka-Lo , Wong Christine Yim-Ping , Kong Angel Wing-Yan , Chan Ronald Cheong-Kin , Chiu Peter Ka-Fung , Ng Chi-Fai , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-Chun 
Published: October 2022

Background
Bladder cancer (CaB) has a high recurrence rate despite surgery. As bladder is constantly filled with urine, it is worthwhile to investigate whether it could have any detrimental effects on bladder cancer cells.

Methods
We investigated the cytotoxicity of urine samples from CaB patients and normal controls on four CaB cell lines and tested the percentage of cell death, proliferation, adhesion, invasion and colonies formation ability. In order to identify the potential components involving in urine cytotoxicity, we evaluated some basic physiochemical parameters of urines, such as pH, osmolarity, creatinine (Cr), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca) and phosphate (PO4). We further compared the pH values of urine samples between CaB who developed recurrence versus those who did not. A more in-depth analysis on inflammatory markers was performed for two representative urine samples which demonstrated opposite cytoxic effects.

Results
23 CaB patients and 20 normal controls were recruited into this study. According to in vitro experiments, both CaB and non-CaB urines had comparable effect on cell toxicity, proliferation, adhesion, invasion and colonies formation ability in four cell lines, HTB9, RT4, T24 and UMUC3, while RT4 was the most sensitive to urine toxicity. After evaluating the relationship between basic physiochemical parameters and cytotoxicity, we found out that there were strong negative correlations between pH value and 24 hours death rate for the 4 CaB cell lines (HTB9 r = -0.6651, p<0.001; RT4 r = -0.8335, p<0.001; T24 r = -0.4924, p<0.001; UMUC3 r = -0.7066, p<0.001). Osmolarity, urine Cr and PO4 all had weakly or moderately positive correlations with CaB cells on 24 hours death rate. CaB patients who developed recurrence had more alkaline urine than those who did not develop recurrence. In the urine sample with the highest cytoxicity, high concentrations of IL-6 and IFN-gamma were found.

Conclusions
Our study confirmed that there was not statistically significant difference in cytotoxicity between CaB and non-CaB urines. However, we identified some parameters that could have an impact on cytotoxicity towards CaB cells. Modifying certain urine characteristics peri-operatively may induce cytotoxicity, avoid tumour re-implantation, and reduce the chance of cancer recurrence.
Effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing HIV acquisition and transmission among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in high income settings: A systematic review
Authors: Sewell Janey , Fakoya Ibidun , Lampe Fiona C. , Howarth Alison , Phillips Andrew , Burns Fiona , Rodger Alison J. , Cambiano Valentina 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
HIV transmission continues among gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM), with those who are younger, or recent migrants, or of minority ethnicity or who are gender diverse remaining at increased risk. We aimed to identify and describe recent studies evaluating the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for GBMSM in high income countries.

Methods
We searched ten electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), conducted in high income settings, and published since 2013 to update a previous systematic review (Stromdahl et al, 2015). We predefined four outcome measures of interest: 1) HIV incidence 2) STI incidence 3) condomless anal intercourse (CLAI) (or measure of CLAI) and 4) number of sexual partners. We used the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK) Quality Appraisal of Intervention Studies tool to assess the quality of papers included in the review. As the trials contained a range of effect measures (e.g. odds ratio, risk difference) comparing the arms in the RCTs, we converted them into standardized effect sizes (SES) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
We identified 39 original papers reporting 37 studies. Five intervention types were identified: one-to-one counselling (15 papers), group interventions (7 papers), online interventions (9 papers), Contingency Management for substance use (2 papers) and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) (6 papers). The quality of the studies was mixed with over a third of studies rated as high quality and 11% rated as poor quality. There was some evidence that one-to-one counselling, group interventions (4–10 participants per group) and online (individual) interventions could be effective for reducing HIV transmission risk behaviours such as condomless anal intercourse. PrEP was the only intervention that was consistently effective at reducing HIV incidence.

Conclusions
Our systematic review of the recent evidence that we were able to analyse indicates that PrEP is the most effective intervention for reducing HIV acquisition among GBMSM. Targeted and culturally tailored behavioural interventions for sub-populations of GBMSM vulnerable to HIV infection and other STIs should also be considered, particularly for GBMSM who cannot access or decline to use PrEP.
Analogous comparison of registered brand name drugs of tablets and capsules commercially available in Thailand: A retrospective study
Authors: Napaporn Jintana , Buakaew Pitchaporn , Suksakornthanawat Patarawat , Sripa Saksit , Jinatongthai Peerawat , Supapaan Teeraporn 
Published: October 2022

Drug name confusion or similar product packaging and labeling, also known as “look-alike, sound-alike” (LASA) medication error, is one of the most problematic causes of prescribing and dispensing errors. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the similarity of registered brand name drugs of tablets and capsules that are commercially available in Thailand to estimate the magnitude of LASA medication errors. Analogous comparisons of brand names using similarity in orthography (written forms with identical letters) were analyzed retrospectively. Tablets and capsules commercially available in Thailand and registered with the Bureau of Drug Administration, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012 as “dangerous drugs” and “specially controlled drugs” for humans and animals were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages, were used in this study. The analogous comparison of brand name orthography was scrutinized, and the results revealed 1,668 brand names, which were categorized into three genres as follows:
1) Single brand names from a single manufacturer having the same active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with numerous registration numbers (1,049 names, 62.89% of the total similarity results)
2) Single brand names from different manufacturers having the same API and possessing several registration numbers (615 names, 36.87% of the total similarity results)
3) Single brand names from different manufacturers with diverse APIs (four brand names, 0.24% of the total similarity results).
Analogous results revealed that numerous identical brand names could be derived from the same manufacturers, APIs, dosage strengths, or otherwise. The results of this study recommend improvement on product registration to better ensure patient safety in the future.
Elevated muscle mass accompanied by transcriptional and nuclear alterations several months following cessation of resistance‐type training in rats
Authors: Rader Erik P. , Baker Brent A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRodent studies investigating long‐term effects following termination of hypertrophy‐inducing loading have predominantly involved exposures such as synergist ablation and weighted wheel running or ladder climbing. This research yielded a spectrum of results regarding the extent of detraining in terms of muscle mass and myonuclei number. The studies were also limited in their lack of sensitive performance measures and indirect relatedness to resistance training. Our research group developed and validated a relevant rat model of resistance‐type training that induces increased muscle mass and performance. The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent these features persist 3 months following the termination of this training. While performance returned to baseline, muscle mass remained elevated by 17% and a shift in distribution to larger muscle fibers persisted. A 16% greater total RNA and heightened mRNA levels of ribosomal protein S6 kinases implicated preserved transcriptional output and ribosomal content. Remodeling of muscle fiber nuclei was consistent with these findings – increased nuclear number and a distribution shift to a more circular nuclear shape. These findings indicate that muscle mass detrains at a slower rate than performance and implicates multiple forms of myonuclear remodeling in muscle memory.
Philosopher-King on a Leash: Combining Plato’s Republic, Statesman and Laws in the Justinianic Dialogue
On Political Science
Authors: de Nicolay René 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Late antique political Platonism was not unoriginal in its thought. The paper takes as an example the Justinianic dialogue On Political Science (ca. 550), which creatively engages with Plato’s political works. It shows that the dialogue tries – and manages, as I argue – to combine two apparently inconsistent Platonic models: what I call the “divine” model, in which a philosopher-king endowed with divine knowledge rules unhindered by civic laws; and the “human” model, characterized by the rule of law. The divine model comes mostly from Plato’s Republic and Statesman; the human one, from the Laws. On Political Science demonstrates that its (anonymous) author was acquainted with these three Platonic texts, in addition to other texts. That is philologically noteworthy, but also philosophically interesting: the dialogue manages to integrate the two models into a common framework. It puts forward an original political model, in which a philosopher-king, although endowed with divine knowledge, still has to be bound by civic laws because of his human frailty. The article concludes by discussing the polemical import the dialogue could have had in its Justinianic context.
Evaluation of four different cogeneration cycles by using some criteria
Authors: Karaali Rabi , Keven Arzu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to evaluate four different gas turbine cogeneration cycles which are basic, absorption cooling, air heating and air fuel heating cogeneration cycles by using the most important six evaluation criteria for different excess air coefficient, different compression rates, and different compressor inlet air temperatures. These six evaluation criteria are electrical heat ratio, exergy efficiency, incremental heat rate, artificial thermal efficiency, fuel energy saving ratio, and specific fuel consumption. It is seen that the air-fuel heating cogeneration cycle is the most efficient among the cycles examined for a certain compressor compression ratio, followed by the air heating, basic, and absorption cooling cycles.
Evaluation of pharmacogenomic evidence for drugs related to ADME genes in CPIC database
Authors: Reeves Anthony Allen , Hopefl Robert , Deb Subrata 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) is a platform that advances the pharmacogenomics (PGx) practice by developing evidence-based guidelines. The purpose of this study was to analyze the CPIC database for ADME related genes and their corresponding drugs, and evidence level for drug-gene pairs; and to determine the presence of these drug-gene pairs in the highest mortality diseases in the United States.

Methods
CPIC database was evaluated for drug-gene pairs related to absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. National Vital Statistics from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was used to identify the diseases with the highest mortality. CPIC levels are assigned to different drug-gene pairs based on varying levels of evidence as either A, B, C, or D. All drug-gene pairs assigned with A/B, B/C, or C/D mixed levels were excluded from this study. A stepwise exclusion process was followed to determine the prevalence of various ADME drug-gene pairs among phase I/II enzymes or transporters and stratify the drug-gene pairs relevant to different disease conditions most commonly responsible for death in the United States.

Results
From a total of 442 drug-gene pairs in the CPIC database, after exclusion of 86 drug-gene pairs with levels A/B, B/C, or C/D, and 211 non-ADME related genes, 145 ADME related drug-gene pairs resulted. From the 145 ADME related drug-genes pairs, the following were the distribution of levels: Level A: 43 (30%), Level B: 22 (15%), Level C: 59 (41%), Level D: 21 (14%). The most prevalent ADME gene with CPIC level A classification was cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) (26%) and overall, the most prevalent ADME gene in the CPIC database was CYP2D6 (30%). The most prevalent diseases related to the CPIC evidence related drugs were cancer and depression.

Conclusions
We found that there is an abundance of ADME related genes in the CPIC database, including in the high mortality disease states of cancer and depression. There is a differential level of pharmacogenomic evidence in drug-gene pairs enlisted in CPIC where levels A and D having the greatest number of drug-gene pairs. CYP2D6 was the most common ADME gene with CPIC evidence for drug-gene pairs. Pharmacogenomic applications of CPIC evidence can be leveraged to individualize patient therapy and lower adverse effect events.
Label-free single-cell counting and characterization in the GHz-range
Authors: Gwozdz Paul V. , Harberts Jann , Zierold Robert , Blick Robert H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We demonstrate operation of a micropore based flow cytometer in the radio-frequency range. Apart from simply counting micron sized particles, such as cells, with close to nano-second resolution this counter offers the additional benefit of delivering insight into the intracellular environment. Such non-invasive screening of the cell’s interior based on analysing amplitude and phase of the signal is helpful in characterizing the biological activity of cells. In detail we are using heterodyne mixing to demodulate the temporal impedance changes, which are induced by cells translocating through a micropore embedded in a radio-frequency circuit. This allows us to measure every amplitude and phase modulation induced by a translocation event. Herein, we compare the Jurkat cells (human T lymphocytes) recordings with a control group of polystyrene beads. As the cells are measured on a single cell level, the variations on the measured amplitude and phase signals are used, herein, to sense morphological cell changes in real time.
The Shift to Soft Law at Europe Borders: Between Legal Efficiency and Legal Validity
Authors: Reviglio Martino 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn contemporary politics of migration governance, the criterion of legal validity is hindered by legal efficiency. Or parliamentary government before executive governance. This tension between legal efficiency and legal validity can emerge in bilateral soft agreements. The article analyses the EU-Turkey Statement (2016) and the Memorandum of Understanding between Libya and Italy (2017). From these bilateral soft agreements, a turn from legal validity to legal efficiency can be observed. The efficiency criterion, by replacing the one of validity, limits significantly the role of the Parliaments and thus affects the overall institutional balance and the rule of law. The article recognises the geopolitical contingences that determine the adoption of soft law bilateral agreements. However, it suggests reflecting on how legal forms are manipulated to externalise and securitise the borders of Europe by retuning border management from legal efficiency towards legal validity, or in other words from soft to hard law.