bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Critical Role of Euro‐Atlantic Blocking in Promoting Snowfall in Central Greenland
Authors: Pettersen Claire , Henderson Stephanie A. , Mattingly Kyle S. , Bennartz Ralf , Breeden Melissa L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is losing mass at an increasing rate yet mass gain from snowfall still exceeds the loss attributed to surface melt processes on an annual basis. This work assesses the relationship between persistent atmospheric blocking across the Euro‐Atlantic region and enhanced precipitation processes over the central GrIS during June–August and September–November. Results show that the vast majority of snowfall events in the central GrIS coincide with Euro‐Atlantic blocking. During June–August, snowfall events are produced primarily by mixed‐phase clouds (88%) and are linked to a persistent blocking anticyclone over southern Greenland (84%). The blocking anticyclone slowly advects warm, moist air masses into western and southern Greenland, with positive temperature and water vapor anomalies that intensify over the central GrIS. A zonal integrated water vapor transport pattern south of Greenland indicates a southern shift of the North Atlantic storm track associated with the high‐latitude blocking. In contrast, snowfall events during September–November are largely produced by ice‐phase clouds (85%) and are associated with a blocking anticyclone over the Nordic Seas and blocked flow over northern Europe (78%). The blocking anticyclone deflects the westerly North Atlantic storm track poleward and enables the rapid transport of warm, moist air masses up the steep southeastern edge of the GrIS, with positive temperature and water vapor anomalies to the east and southeast of Greenland. These results emphasize the critical role of Euro‐Atlantic blocking in promoting snowfall processes over the central GrIS and the importance of accurate representation of blocking in climate model projections.
Late Cenozoic Extensional Formation of the Antofalla Depression, Southern Puna Plateau, Argentina: An Effect of Lithospheric Foundering?
Authors: Tye Alexander , McMillan Mitchell , Schoenbohm Lindsay , Zhou Renjie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeformation within orogenic plateaus functions to establish a dynamic equilibrium between tectonic boundary stresses and plateau gravitational potential energy. Temporal changes in deformation kinematics record perturbations to boundary stresses or internal plateau processes, such as lithospheric foundering. We integrate new mapping, field observations, and geochronologic ages with published data to document complex late Cenozoic upper crustal deformation in the region of the Antofalla depression, a ∼125 km long, sublinear basin within the southern Puna orogenic plateau, Argentina. The juxtaposition of stratal ages across the depression requires >900 m vertical offset on a surface‐breaking fault. Regional geologic structure, basin geomorphology, and our observation of a breccia paralleling the depression margin suggest formation of the depression by normal faulting. We interpret published stratigraphic logs to suggest that the depression formed between ca. 16 and 11 Ma following Andean shortening. Folded Late Miocene to Quaternary strata on the eastern depression margin indicate that extension ended and shortening resumed before present, revealing toggling between extensional and contractional kinematic regimes. The kinematic evolution of the Antofalla depression contrasts with the rest of the southern Puna plateau, which underwent shortening until latest Miocene to Quaternary time, followed by extension and strike‐slip deformation. Taken together, the spatial and temporal variations in late Cenozoic deformation of the southern Puna plateau are inconsistent with mechanisms that would affect the entire orogen, such as slowing convergence, but are compatible with lithospheric foundering.
An injectable self-adaptive polymer as a drug carrier for the treatment of nontraumatic early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Kong Ning , Yang Hang , Tian Run , Liu Guanzhi , Li Yiyang , Guan Huanshuai , Wei Qilu , Du Xueshan , Lei Yutian , Li Zhe , Cao Ruomu , Zhao Yiwei , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Kunzheng , Yang Pei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCore decompression (CD) with the elimination of osteonecrotic bone is the most common strategy for treating early-stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Adjuvant treatments are widely used in combination with CD as suitable methods of therapy. Existing augmentations have to be fabricated in advance. Here, we report a novel injectable glycerin-modified polycaprolactone (GPCL) that can adapt to the shape of the CD cavity. GPCL shows great flowability at 52.6 °C. After solidification, its compressive modulus was 120 kPa at body temperature (37 °C). This excellent characteristic enables the polymer to provide mechanical support in vivo. In addition, GPCL acts as a carrier of the therapeutic agent zoledronic acid (ZA), demonstrating sustained release into the CD region. ZA-loaded GPCL was injected into ONFH lesions to treat early-stage nontraumatic cases. Compared to that in the CD group, CD+ZA-loaded GPCL injection preserved bone density and increased the collagen level in the femoral head. At the interface between the GPCL and CD tunnel wall, osteogenesis was significantly promoted. In addition, morphological evaluations revealed that the femoral heads in the CD+ZA-GPCL group exhibited improved pressure resistance. These results suggest a strategy effective to preserve the bone density of the femoral head, thus decreasing the possibility of femoral head collapse. This novel injectable polymer has, therefore, considerable potential in clinical applications.
Blocking GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells alleviates disease activity in lupus mice
Authors: Luo Guihu , He Yi , Yang Fangyuan , Zhai Zeqing , Han Jiaochan , Xu Wenchao , Zhang Jialin , Zhuang Lili , Zhang Yanan , Li Yehao , Song Rui , Luo Xiaoqing , Liang Jianheng , Sun Erwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn increase in apoptosis and/or defects in the clearance of apoptotic cells resulting in massive secondary necrosis have been recognized as the main causes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent findings have revealed that gasdermin E (GSDME)-mediated pyroptosis is a mechanism associated with secondary necrosis. We aimed to investigate the effects of GSDME-mediated pyroptosis on disease activity in lupus mice. In vivo, high levels of GSDME expression were observed in the renal tubules of pristane-induced lupus (PIL) mice and SLE patients. In lupus mice, GSDME knockout or SP600125 administration effectively ameliorated lupus-like features by inhibiting GSDME-mediated renal tubular epithelial cell pyroptosis. In vitro, treatment with tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plus cycloheximide (CHX) or SLE sera induced HK2 cells to undergo pyroptosis in a caspase-3- and GSDME-dependent manner. Likewise, SP600125 significantly reduced GSDME expression and decreased pyroptosis in HK2 cells. GSDME-mediated pyroptosis may be associated with SLE pathogenesis, and targeting GSDME may be a potential strategy for treating SLE.
HDAC11 promotes both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways causing pyroptosis via ERG in vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Yao Feng , Jin Zhen , Zheng Zihan , Lv Xiaohan , Ren Lingxuan , Yang Jianjun , Chen Danli , Wang Bo , Yang Wei , Chen Lifang , Wang Weirong , Gu Jianli , Lin Rong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHistone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11), a sole member of the class IV HDAC subfamily, participates in various cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence showed that pyroptosis was a form of inflammatory programmed cell death and is critical for atherosclerosis (AS). However, little is known about the effect of HDAC11 on endothelial cell pyroptosis in AS. Thus, this study aims to investigate the role of HDAC11 in vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis and its molecular mechanism. Firstly, we found that HDAC11 expression was up-regulated and pyroptosis occurred in the aorta of ApoE−/−mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 or 12 weeks. Then, in vitro study found the treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) resulted in pyroptosis, as evidenced by activation of caspase-1 and caspase-3 activation, cleavage of downstream gasdermin D (GSDMD) and gasdermin E (GSDME/DFNA5), the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18, as well as elevation of LDH activity and increase of propidium iodide (PI)-positive cells. Besides, TNF-α increased HDAC11 expression and induced pyroptosis via TNFR1 in HUVECs. HDAC11 knockdown mitigated pyroptosis by suppressing both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Moreover, GSDME knockdown by siRNA significantly decreased pyroptosis and inflammatory response, while treatment with disulfiram or necrosulfonamide (NSA) further augmented the inhibitory effects of GSDME siRNA on pyroptosis and inflammatory response. Further studies found HDAC11 formed a complex with ERG and decreased the acetylation levels of ERG. More importantly, ERG knockdown augmented vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Taken together, our study suggests that HDAC11 might promote both NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD and caspase-3/GSDME pathways leading to pyroptosis via regulation of ERG acetylation in HUVECs. Modulation of HDAC11 may serve as a potential target for therapeutic strategies of AS.
The distinctive roles played by the superoxide dismutases of the extremophile Acinetobacter sp. Ver3
Authors: Steimbrüch Bruno Alejandro , Sartorio Mariana Gabriela , Cortez Néstor , Albanesi Daniela , Lisa María-Natalia , Repizo Guillermo Daniel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAcinetobacter sp. Ver3 is a polyextremophilic strain characterized by a high tolerance to radiation and pro-oxidants. The Ver3 genome comprises the sodB and sodC genes encoding an iron (AV3SodB) and a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (AV3SodC), respectively; however, the specific role(s) of these genes has remained elusive. We show that the expression of sodB remained unaltered in different oxidative stress conditions whereas sodC was up-regulated in the presence of blue light. Besides, we studied the changes in the in vitro activity of each SOD enzyme in response to diverse agents and solved the crystal structure of AV3SodB at 1.34 Å, one of the highest resolutions achieved for a SOD. Cell fractionation studies interestingly revealed that AV3SodB is located in the cytosol whereas AV3SodC is also found in the periplasm. Consistently, a bioinformatic analysis of the genomes of 53 Acinetobacter species pointed out the presence of at least one SOD type in each compartment, suggesting that these enzymes are separately required to cope with oxidative stress. Surprisingly, AV3SodC was found in an active state also in outer membrane vesicles, probably exerting a protective role. Overall, our multidisciplinary approach highlights the relevance of SOD enzymes when Acinetobacterspp. are confronted with oxidizing agents.
A three-staged framework for measuring water supply resilience in rural China based on PLS-SEM
Authors: Zhou Wenmei , Kalonji Gretchen , Chen Chuan , Zheng Hongyan , Martek Igor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChina suffers from frequent large-scale earthquakes, posing a significant challenge to the development and integrity of its rural water supply system (RWSS). The earthquake resilience of water supply systems is understood to be a function of multifaceted factors, which are time- and space-dependent. Measuring the seismic-resilience of RWSS in China remains a challenge. This paper proposes a multi-stage comprehensive evaluation framework, focusing on the relationship between multi-dimensional factors and the seismic- resilience of RWSS in rural areas, across three stages: before, during and after earthquake events. This study comprises four steps: (1) Development of a multi-stage evaluation conceptual framework; (2) identification of seismic-resilience factors; (3) verification of the relationships between factors and stages; and (4) formation of the final evaluation framework. The relationship between multi-dimensional factors is confirmed by a method of triangulation through the quantitative analysis of PLS-SEM combined with the qualitative literature analysis, highlighting the causal approach of the resilience of RWSSs, so as to better understand the resilience state of each stage of disaster. Understanding these factors and their influence on the seismic capacity of RWSS will enable local authorities to recognize the existing advantages and disadvantages of these factors, so as to carry out better resilience practice in all stages of disasters.
Quality of life of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 1-year follow-up study
Authors: Ueda Riyo , Okada Takashi , Kita Yosuke , Ukezono Masatoshi , Takada Miki , Ozawa Yuri , Inoue Hisami , Shioda Mutsuki , Kono Yoshimi , Kono Chika , Nakamura Yukiko , Amemiya Kaoru , Ito Ai , Sugiura Nobuko , Matsuoka Yuichiro , Kaiga Chinami , Shiraki Yasuko , Kubota Masaya , Ozawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to reveal changes in the quality of life (QOL) of children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their parents, and the interaction between their QOL and parental mental state during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Eighty-nine school-aged children and parents participated in surveys in May 2020 (T1) and May 2021 (T2). The parents completed questionnaires that assessed their QOL, depression, parenting stress, and living conditions. Children’s temporary mood status was evaluated using the self-reported visual analog scale (VAS). Children’s QOL and VAS at T2 were higher than their QOL at T1. Parents’ QOL at T2 was lower than their QOL at T1. Severe parental depression at T1 had a synergistic effect on severe parenting stress and severe depressive state at T2. Additionally, children’s high QOL at T1 had a synergistic effect on low parenting stress and children’s high QOL at T2. Furthermore, children’s low VAS scores and parents’ low QOL at T2 were associated with deterioration of family economic status. Children and parents’ QOL changed during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. Improvement in children’s QOL was influenced by reduced maternal depressive symptoms. Public support for parental mental health is important to avoid decreasing QOL.
Alteration of physiological and biochemical properties in leaves and fruits of pomegranate in response to gamma irradiation
Authors: Saadati Safoora , Borzouei Azam , Rahemi Mohammad Reza , Naserian Khiabani Behnam 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPomegranate breeding to improve the marketability requires the production of large and high quality fruits. Gamma radiation on pomegranate can be used to generate genetic diversity that allows the breeder to screen the mutants for superior quality and quantity. For this purpose, dormant buds on 1-year-old shoots of pomegranate cultivar "Malase Saveh" were subjected to 36 Gy (Gy) of gamma irradiation from a cobalt (60CO) source. Shoot cuttings were taken from the mutated shoots and generate M1V2. The number of 11 mutants were selected from M1V2 plants based on their winter survival and disease resistance. After a period of 3–4 years, leaf and fruit samples were harvested from the M1V5. Results showed that physiological and biochemical parameters of leaves were altered unevenly, some clones showed no alterations from the control, while others revealed considerable differences. Irradiation altered various aspects related to fruit, such as the number and weight of ripe and unripe fruits, number of cracked, sunburn, worm-eaten fruits, and fruit size. In general, mutant clones 5, 8, and 10 had higher fruit sizes and weight of ripe fruits and less number and weight of unripe fruits. The stability of the detected mutants will be evaluated and new commercial field trials using selected materials will be established.
Experiences of maltreatment in childhood and attention to facial emotions in healthy young women
Authors: Hoepfel Dennis , Günther Vivien , Bujanow Anna , Kersting Anette , Bodenschatz Charlott Maria , Suslow Thomas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing reaction-time measures, research on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and biased attention to emotional stimuli in adults has obtained inconsistent results. To help clarify this issue, we conducted an eye-tracking study on the link between childhood maltreatment and allocation of attention to facial emotions analyzing gaze behavior in addition to manual reactions. In contrast to prior investigations, we excluded individuals with tendencies to minimize maltreatment experiences from analyses. Gaze behavior and manual response time of 58 healthy women were examined in a dot-probe task in which pairs of emotional (happy, sad, or disgusted) and neutral faces were presented. In our analyses, participants’ affectivity, level of alexithymia, and intelligence were controlled. Entry time and dwell time on facial expressions were used as indicators of attention allocation. Childhood maltreatment showed no effect on response latencies but was associated with shorter entry times on emotional faces and shorter dwell time on disgusted faces. Experiences of childhood maltreatment seem to be linked to an increased early vigilance to emotional social signals and to an attentional avoidance of hostile facial expressions at a later stage of perception. The present results suggest a vigilance-avoidance pattern of attention allocation associated with childhood maltreatment.
Midpalatal suture maturation staging using cone beam computed tomography in patients aged between 9 to 21 years
Authors: Savoldi Fabio , Wong Ki Kwan , Yeung Andy W. K. , Tsoi James K. H. , Gu Min , Bornstein Michael M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMidpalatal suture was analysed with cone beam computed tomography to identify its maturation with respect to age and maxillary-complex growth in 72 patients 9- to 21-year-old. Maxillary-complex was divided in premaxillary, maxillary, and palatine segment. Interdigitation and ossification of midpalatal suture, its density relative to hard tissues and soft tissues, and midpalatal suture density ratio were measured for each segment. Correlation of each parameter with age and maxillary-complex length was analysed, and classification trees were developed for staging parameters. Midpalatal suture maturation stages (MPSMS, from A to E) were applied to assess relationship with age and maxillary-complex length. Regarding age, ossification increased in maxillary segment of males (rS = 0.39, p = 0.032), while suture density relative to soft tissues increased in maxillary (rS = 0.37, p = 0.042) and palatine segments (rS = 0.41, p = 0.027) of males and in palatine segment of females (rS = 0.32, p = 0.041). In males, suture density relative to soft tissues discriminated two age-stages (p = 0.024), and the same parameter (p = 0.023) paired with ossification (p = 0.027) discriminated two length-stages. MPSMS identified length-differences between stage A and B in females (p = 0.001). Midpalatal-suture ossification and its density relative to soft tissues showed some relationship with age and maxillary-complex length, especially in males. However, challenging staging and limitations in the imaging method may limit clinical applications.
Maximum power point tracking of PEMFC based on hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm with fuzzy control
Authors: Fan Liping , Ma Xianyang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMaximum power point tracking (MPPT) is an effective method to improve the power generation efficiency and power supply quality of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Due to the inherent nonlinear characteristics of PEMFC, conventional MPPT methods are often difficult to achieve a satisfactory control effect. Considering this, artificial bee colony algorithm combining fuzzy control (ABC-fuzzy) was proposed to construct a MPPT control scheme for PEMFC. The global optimization ability of ABC algorithm was used to approach the maximum power point of PEMFC and solve the problem of falling into local optimization, and fuzzy control was used to eliminate the problems of large overshoot and slow convergence speed of ABC algorithm. The testing results show that compared with perturb & observe algorithm, conductance increment and ABC methods, ABC-fuzzy method can make PEMFC obtain greater output power, faster regulation speed, smaller steady-state error, less oscillation and stronger anti-interference ability. The MPPT scheme based on ABC-fuzzy can effectively realize the maximum power output of PEMFC, and plays an important role in improving the service life and power supply efficiency of PEMFC.
Changes in trophic structure of an exploited fish community at the centennial scale are linked to fisheries and climate forces
Authors: Durante Leonardo , Wing Stephen , Ingram Travis , Sabadel Amandine , Shima Jeffrey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding how marine food webs are affected by anthropogenic stressors is an important steppingstone toward the improved management of natural resources. Stable isotope analysis of historical and modern samples spanning a century indicated that the niche width of an exploited fish community increased after the expansion of New Zealand fisheries. Since the 2000s most species increased their reliance on food webs supported by pelagic production, compared to coastal production supported by macroalgae, and shifted to a higher trophic level. Overall changes were coincident with ocean warming, climate oscillations, prey abundance and fishing intensity, but their effects were specific to each fish assemblage analyzed. Data derived from historical samples revealed how anthropogenic stressors can drive long-term shifts in the trophic structure of an exploited fish community.
Understanding signatures of positive natural selection in human zinc transporter genes
Authors: Roca-Umbert Ana , Caro-Consuegra Rocio , Londono-Correa Diego , Rodriguez-Lozano Gabriel Felipe , Vicente Ruben , Bosch Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractZinc is an essential micronutrient with a tightly regulated systemic and cellular homeostasis. In humans, some zinc transporter genes (ZTGs) have been previously reported as candidates for strong geographically restricted selective sweeps. However, since zinc homeostasis is maintained by the joint action of 24 ZTGs, other more subtle modes of selection could have also facilitated human adaptation to zinc availability. Here, we studied whether the complete set of ZTGs are enriched for signals of positive selection in worldwide populations and population groups from South Asia. ZTGs showed higher levels of genetic differentiation between African and non-African populations than would be randomly expected, as well as other signals of polygenic selection outside Africa. Moreover, in several South Asian population groups, ZTGs were significantly enriched for SNPs with unusually extended haplotypes and displayed SNP genotype-environmental correlations when considering zinc deficiency levels in soil in that geographical area. Our study replicated some well-characterized targets for positive selection in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, and proposes new candidates for follow-up in South Asia (SLC39A5) and Africa (SLC39A7). Finally, we identified candidate variants for adaptation in ZTGs that could contribute to different disease susceptibilities and zinc-related human health traits.