bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
आधुनिक नेपाली कथामा पत्रप्रयोगको अन्तर्य {Introduction to the use of letters in modern Nepali fiction}
Authors: न्यौपाने Neupane विष्णु Bishnu 
Published: July 2022

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा आधुनिक नेपाली कथामा पत्रप्रयोगको अन्तर्यको विश्लेषण र मूल्याङ्कन गरिएको छ । विचारविनिमयको साधनका रूपमा प्रयुक्त हुँदै आएका पत्रहरू विभिन्न माध्यम, कागजका पाना हुँदै आधुनिक प्रविधिमय फेसबुक, म्यासेन्जर, इमेल जस्ता विद्युतीय माध्यममा प्रयोग भएका छन् । साहित्यका विभिन्न विधामा विशेष सन्दर्भमा पनि पत्रको प्रयोग भएका छन् । आधुनिक नेपाली कथाका घटनाको विशेष सन्दर्भ, पात्रको चरित्राङ्कन तथा विशेष परिवेशको निर्माणको अवस्था आदिमा पत्रको प्रयोग गरिएका छन् । त्यस्ता पत्रले कथाका मूल तङ्खवको सम्वर्धनमा महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निर्वाह गरेका हुन्छन् । यिनले भनाइलाई चोटिलो, घतिलो बनाएका छन् भने पात्र र परिवेशको चित्रणमा कलात्मकता भरेका पनि छन् । आधुनिक नेपाली कथामा प्रयुक्त पत्रको स्वरूप, विषयवस्तु र अभिप्रायको निरूपण गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य हो । प्रस्तुत उद्देश्य प्राप्तिका लागि पत्रप्रयोगको आवश्यकता र पत्रप्रयोगको प्रयोजनलाई सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचाका रूपमा अवलम्बन गरी आधुनिक नेपाली कथामा प्रयुक्त पत्रहरूको पाठगत साक्ष्यका आधारमा नेपाली कथामा प्रयुक्त पत्रको अध्ययन, विश्लेषणद्वारा सामान्यीकरण गरी निष्कर्षीकरण गरिएको छ । कथामा पत्रप्रयोग कथाकारको विशिष्ट शैली भएकाले यिनले कथावस्तुको विन्यासमा रोचक र सार्थक निष्कर्षोन्मुख बनाउने, पात्रको चरित्राङ्कन र परिवेश चित्रणमा यी बहुपयोगी हुने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
{In this research article, the use of letters in modern Nepali stories has been analyzed and evaluated. Letters, which have been used as a means of exchange of ideas, have been used in electronic media such as Facebook, messenger, email through modern technology through various media, paper sheets. Letters are also used in special contexts in different genres of literature. Letters have been used in modern Nepali stories for specific contexts of events, characterization of characters and conditions of construction of special environments. Such letters play an important role in enhancing the story's original meaning. He has made the words hurtful and poignant, and he has also filled the characters and surroundings with artistry. The purpose of this article is to describe the form, content and intention of letters used in modern Nepali stories. In order to achieve the presented objective, the necessity of using letters and the purpose of using letters as a theoretical framework, based on the textual evidence of the letters used in modern Nepali stories, the study and analysis of the letters used in Nepali stories have been generalized and concluded. As the use of letters in the story is a unique style of the storyteller, it is concluded that they are versatile in the setting of the story, making interesting and meaningful conclusions, characterizing the character and depicting the environment.}
लिच्छविकालीन नेपालको शिक्षा {Education in Nepal during the Lichchavi period}
Authors: धमला Dhamala गणेश Ganesh 
Published: July 2022

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानात्मक लेखमा लिच्छवीकालीन नेपालको शैक्षिक व्यवस्थापनको चर्चा गर्ने, शिक्षा विकासमा तत्कालीन राजाहरूको योगदान पत्ता लगाउने र तत्कालीन शिक्षा प्रणालीको विवेचना गर्ने उद्देश्य राखिएको छ । अनुसन्धानका क्रममा द्वितीय स्रोतको प्रयोग गरी दस्तावेज अध्ययन गरी सूचना संकलन गरिएको छ । जसमा गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । लिच्छवीकालीन नेपालमा अनौपचारिक शिक्षा पद्धति भए पनि राजाहरूको शैक्षिक विकासमा महत्वपूर्ण योगदान रहेको छ । शैक्षिक व्यवस्थापनका विभिन्न निकायहरू (अग्रहार) गठन गरिएको देखिन्छ । संस्कृत र बौद्ध धर्ममा आधारित शिक्षा प्रणाली गुरुकुल पद्धतिमा आधारित भएर सञ्चालन भएको पाइन्छ । नेपालको आधुनिक शिक्षाको आधार प्राचीन वैदीक शिक्षा तथा लिच्छविकालीन शिक्षा नै हो । तत्कालीन राजाहरुको पूर्ण योगदानमा विभिन्न निकायहरु मार्फत अनौपचारीक शिक्षा संचालन गरिएको थियो । यस्तो शिक्षा पद्धतिमा संस्कृत तथा वौद्ध धर्ममा आधारित भएर शिक्षा प्रदान गरिन्थ्यो । शिक्षाको मुख्य उद्देश्य आर्दश नागरिक तयार गर्नु तथा राज्यलाई आवश्यक पर्ने जनशक्ति तयार गर्नु रहेको थियो । शिक्षालाई व्यवस्थापन गर्ने कार्य प्रत्यक्ष रुपमा राज्यले नै गर्दथ्यो ।
{The purpose of this research article is to discuss the educational management of Nepal during Lichhavi period, to find out the contribution of the kings of that time in the development of education and to analyze the education system of that time. During the research, information has been collected by studying documents using secondary sources. In which qualitative research method has been used. Even though there was an informal education system in Nepal during the Lichchavi period, the kings had a significant contribution to the educational development. It seems that various bodies of educational management (Agrahar) have been formed. The education system based on Sanskrit and Buddhism is based on Gurukul system. The basis of modern education in Nepal is the ancient Vedic education and Lichchavi education. Non-formal education was conducted through various agencies with the full contribution of the then kings. In such an education system, education was provided based on Sanskrit and Buddhism.The main purpose of education was to prepare ideal citizens and to prepare manpower needed by the state. The work of managing education was directly done by the state.}
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Abon Lele Berdasarkan Siklus Hidup Produk Di Poklahsar Sari Mina Sempu Pakembinangun Pakem Sleman
Authors: Kusumawardhani Lintang Berlyana , Widowati Indah , Suprihanti Antik 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis posisi produk abon lele pada siklus hidup produk dan mengetahui bauran pemasaran (4P) yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan pemasaran abon lele di Poklahsar Sari Mina, menganalisis strategi alternatif yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan daya saing Poklahsar Sari Mina. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian deskriptif dengan metode pelaksanaan penelitian studi kasus. Metode pengambilan responden yang digunakan yaitu metode purposive dengan jumlah lima orang. Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan focus group discussion (FGD). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode Polli&Cook, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), Eksternal Factor Evaluation (EFE), Matriks Internal-Eksternal (IE), Grand Strategy Matrix, Matriks SPACE (Strategic Position and Action Evaluation), dan Matriks Perencanaan Strategis Kuantitatif (QSPM). Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa: produk abon lele Poklahsar Sari Mina pada siklus hidup produk saat ini berada pada fase kedewasaan, dan bauran pemasaran yang diterapkan meliputi aspek product (produk), aspek price (harga), aspek place (saluran distribusi), dan aspek promotion (promosi), dan prioritas strategi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan daya saing Poklahsar Sari Mina yaitu penetrasi pasar.Kata kunci: pemasaran, siklus hidup produk, strategi
Determinants of Green Electronic Devices Purchasing Decisions: with Special Reference to Young, Educated Consumers in Sri Lanka
Authors: I.D.K. Ranganath  , G.P.K. Nishadi  
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This research is to examine the determinants of green electronic purchasing decisions of young, educated consumers in Sri Lanka.
Design/methodology/approach: This novel study is a conclusive research and deductive methodology was deployed as the study approach. Primary data were collected from 200 university students living in Southern Province in Sri Lanka based on convenient sampling method through a 23-item self-administered questionnaire. After feeding data into SPSS 25.0, data were analysed using several statistical tools. In here, Multiple Regression analysis was used to measure the impact of each of the key determinant on green electronic purchasing decisions of young, educated consumers.
Findings: Results indicated that there is a statistically significant impact of four determinants namely, Environmental Concern, Supporting Environmental Protection, Social Influence and Environmental Friendliness of Businesses, on young, educated consumers’ green electronic purchasing decisions in Southern Province, Sri Lanka. Among the four, Environmental Concern is the strongest determinant of purchasing decisions of green household electronics.
Originality: This study contributes to the existing debates on green product purchasing decisions of young consumers. Although, number of studies are available on green purchasing decisions among young consumers, the determinants of green electronic purchasing decisions of young, educated consumers are not well documented both in Sri Lankan as well as in international contexts. So, findings of the present study fulfilled that current knowledge gap.
Implications: The current study provides good insights for both practitioners and theoreticians who want to identify the young consumers as environmentally conscious individuals. The paper concludes that marketing professionals need to relate green electronic devices with functional, emotional and experiential needs of consumers.
Keywords: Young Educated Consumers, Green Electronic Devices, Determinants of Green Consumption, Southern Province, Sri Lanka.
Semantična segmentacija aerolaserskih oblakov točk in centriranje višin globalnih soseščin
Authors: Dougan Jernej Nejc , Oštir Krištof , Kristan Matej 
Published: July 2022

Aerolaserski oblaki tock so pomemben vir informacij v številnih prostorskih aplikacijah, kot na primer pri izdelavi digitalnih modelov terena ali kartiranju in popisu sredstev kriticne infrastrukture. Semantična segmentacija se lahko uporablja v vecini procesnih tokov obdelave aerolaserskih oblakov točk. V zadnjih letih najboljše rezultate za semanticno segmentacijo in klasifikacijo dosegajo metode globokega učenja. Na kakovost segmentacije med drugim vpliva izbor sosešcine točk in centriranje višine. V članku predstavimo in evalviramo razlicne metode za centriranje višin. Preizkuse smo izvedli na podatkovni zbirki ISPRS 3D Semantic Labelling, kjer smo s preprosto metodo centriranja najmanjše višine izboljšali rezultat za skoraj dva procenta.
Kategorizacija uporabnikov na podlagi njihovega z informacijsko varnostjo povezanega znanja, stališč in vedenja: pilotna študija
Authors: Fujs Damjan , Vrhovec Simon , Vavpotič Damjan 
Published: July 2022

V tem prispevku predstavljamo pristop za kategorizacijo uporabnikov, ki temelji na preverjenem vprašalniku o človeških vidikih informacijske varnosti (HAIS-Q). Na tej podlagi smo izvedli razvrščanje uporabnikov (N= 165). Analiza je pokazala tri skupine uporabnikov (uporabniki z nizkim, zmernim in visokim tveganjem). Izračunali smo indeks silhuete (0,44) za potrditev kakovosti razvrščanja, ki kaže na ustrezno kakovost razvrščanja. Naš pristop (kombinacija HAIS-Q in razvrščanja v skupine) omogoča prilagojeno usposabljanje uporabnikov, ki dosežejo najnižje vrednosti pri HAIS-Q in 2) uporabnikov, ki dosegajo splošno nizko tveganje, vendar se na nekaterih področjih odrežejo nekoliko slabše. V primerjavi s sorodnimi pristopi je naša prednost enostavnost uporabe in ublažitev pristranskosti, saj je pristop namenjen analiziranju skupin in ne posameznikov. Poleg tega naš pristop omogoča razvrščanje na podlagi prioritizacije spremenljivk, medtem ko obstoječe raziskave obravnavajo vse spremenljivke enako pomembne.
Izzivi integracije zdravstvenih aplikacij: Souporaba standardov OpenEHR in FHIR
Authors: Trkman Marina , Lapajne Mitja , Radović Božidarka 
Published: July 2022

Veliko zdravstvenih aplikacij mora komunicirati med seboj. Prepisovanje podatkov iz ene aplikacije v drugo je nedopustno, saj se pri tem dogajajo napake, ki ogrožajo paciente. Ker želimo omogočiti avtomatski prenos podatkov iz ene v drugo aplikacijo, se je potrebno osredotočiti na zagotavljanje sintaktične in semantične interoperabilnosti. V članku prestavljamo primer integracije dveh zdravstvenih aplikacij v Angliji. Angleški NHS pri prenosu podatkov narekuje uporabo podatkovnih elementov standarda FHIR, s čimer dosežemo sintaktično interoperabilnost. Da bi dosegli semantično interoperabilnost, je potrebno zagotoviti, da se pomen konteksta pri prenosu ne spremeni. Cilja našega članka sta dva. Prvi je predstaviti predlog preslikave podatkovnih elementov iz standarda openEHR v integracijski standard imenovan FHIR. Drugi je ugotoviti, s katerimi izzivi se soočajo programerji ob uporabi standarda FHIR. V članku smo predstavili, kako angleška skupnost INTEROPen promovira uporabo razširjenega standarda CareConnect FHIR v angleškem zdravstvenem sistemu. Ugotovili smo, da temeljni izziv predstavlja prepisovanje podatkov iz enega standarda v drugega, saj ogroža pacientovo varnost, ker se lahko zgodijo napake pri prepisovanju. Tudi raznolika interpretacija pomena podatkovnih elementov objektov FHIR predstavlja izziv. In na zadnje tudi izdaje novih različic standarda FHIR, CareConnect FHIR in eksternih šifrantov. Ponudniki aplikacij, ki so povezane med seboj, morajo sodelovati, da sočasno umestijo nove spremembe v integriranih aplikacijah oziroma predvidijo morebitne napake in strategije za reševanje težav.
Sentimeter: Interdisciplinarni pristop k izdelavi medijskega portala
Authors: Pretnar Ajda , Podjed Dan , Bajec Marko , Žitnik Slavko 
Published: July 2022

Spletni portal Sentimenter je namenjen prikazovanju sentimenta v medijskih objavah za različne družbene skupine. Te smo identificirali z interdisciplinarnim pristopom, pri čemer smo izhodiščne skupine določili z vprašalnikom ter metodo hierarhičnega razvrščanja v skupine, dokončno pa smo jih potrdili in izoblikovali z intervjuji in fokusnimi skupinami. Na podlagi družbenih skupin smo oblikovali zaslonske maske medijskega portala, ki so bile oblikovane iterativno v sodelovanju s končnimi uporabniki. V fokusni skupini smo s predstavniki petih družbenih skupin, ki smo jih definirali, portal pregledali in preoblikovali po meri ljudi. Celotna raziskava je trajala pol leta. Z interdisciplinarnimi pristopi, ki združujejo antropologijo in podatkovno rudarjenje, smo tako v kratkem času oblikovali izdelek, ki je uporabnikom prijazen, razumljiv in zanimiv.
E-commerce Optimization with the Implementation of Social Media and SEO Techniques to Boost Sales in Retail Business
Authors: Mohammad Waliul Hasanat  , Ashikul Hoque  , A. Bakar Abdul Hamid  
Published: July 2022

E-commerce is said to be the selling and buying of goods and services through an electronic network called the internet. The survival of each of the business in this era is highly dependable on the sales. Further, if the business wants to earn the highest sales then it is important to have a powerful SEO (Search Engine Optimization) strategy. The research is aiming at e-commerce optimization with the implementation of social media and the SEO techniques for boosting sales in the retail business. It is helping in increasing the sales of the retail online businesses. E-commerce optimization with the implementation of SEO techniques and social media in the retail businesses are helping in boosting sales. Primary and secondary research methods were used in this research process. The secondary research will be executed by reviewing different kinds of literature. For the primary research, the survey technique will be used for conducting quantitative research. The results illustrate that the implementation of social media and the SEO techniques are helping in boosting the sales of the retail business. Social media can attain maximum customers and could influence their purchases. It is important for the e-commerce business to increase traffic with the help of social media strategy.
From the analyzed results, it can be said that social media implementation with SEO techniques is essential for boosting sales in the retail e-commerce businesses. E-commerce optimization is also essential for improving sales along with these elements.
Creation and validation of a predictive model for lumbar synovial cyst recurrence following decompression without fusion
Authors: Page Paul S. , Greeneway Garret P. , Ammanuel Simon G. , Resnick Daniel K. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Lumbar synovial cysts (LSCs) represent a relatively rare clinical pathology that may result in radiculopathy or neurogenic claudication. Because of the potential for recurrence of these cysts, some authors advocate for segmental fusion, as opposed to decompression alone, as a way to eliminate the risk for recurrence. The objective of this study was to create a predictive score for synovial cyst recurrence following decompression without fusion.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review was completed of all patients evaluated at a single center over 20 years who were found to have symptomatic LSCs requiring intervention. Only patients undergoing decompression without fusion were included in the analysis. Following this review, baseline characteristics were obtained as well as radiological information. A machine learning method (risk-calibrated supersparse linear integer model) was then used to create a risk stratification score to identify patients at high risk for symptomatic cyst recurrence requiring repeat surgical intervention. Following the creation of this model, a fivefold cross-validation was completed.

RESULTS
In total, 89 patients were identified who had complete radiological information. Of these 89 patients, 11 developed cyst recurrence requiring reoperation. The Lumbar Synovial Cyst Score was then created with an area under the curve of 0.83 and calibration error of 11.0%. Factors predictive of recurrence were found to include facet inclination angle > 45°, canal stenosis > 50%, T2 joint space hyperintensity, and presence of grade I spondylolisthesis. The probability of cyst recurrence ranged from < 5% for a score of 2 or less to > 88% for a score of 7.

CONCLUSIONS
The Lumbar Synovial Cyst Score model is a quick and accurate tool to assist in clinical decision-making in the treatment of LSCs.
The Integrated Metatheoretical Model of Addiction: Towards an Architectonic of a Metatheory of Addiction
Authors: Du Plessis Guy 
Published: July 2022

In “The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction” Robert West highlights a pervasive challenge for more conceptual clarity and consensus within the field of addiction studies. In an attempt to address the challenge I provide the conceptual building blocks or architectonic of a metatheory of addiction, referred to as the Integrated Metatheoretical Model of Addiction (IMMA). The IMMA is not a model of addiction, nor a general theory of addiction, but rather an exploratory attempt at providing the architectonic of an metaparadigmatic heuristic, that may potentially provide the conceptual scaffolding needed for developing a general theory of addiction.
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN KEPEMILIKAN MOBIL DI KOTA GIANYAR (Studi Kasus: Koridor Jalan Ngurah Rai-Gianyar)
Authors: Wirahaji Ida Bagus 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Congestion that occurs on the main road in Gianyar City is caused by an increase in the ownership and use of cars by the community. There is a tendency for an increase in car ownership in the community which is caused by several factors. The lack of availability of public transportation makes people switch to using private modes. There is an increase in the number of family members in the household so that it requires more modes. The low accessibility of roads also encourages people to use modes that are not tied to a route. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of three variables: the quality of public transportation services, household characteristics, and road accessibility on car ownership in the Jalan Ngurah Rai-Gianyar corridor. The data collection method in this study was by distributing questionnaires to 250 respondents along the Jalan Ngurah Rai-Gianyar corridor. The questionnaire contains a number of statements regarding the attitudes/perceptions of respondents. Data analysis method using Multiple Linear Regression. The results of the analysis show that the variable quality of public transportation services (X1) has a significant effect, expressed by the value of Sig. 0.000 < 0.05, and tcount = 10.480 > ttable = 1.970; The household characteristic variable (X2) has a significant effect, with a Sign value. 0.000 < 0.05, and tcount = 15,562 > ttable = 1,970; Accessibility variable (X3) has a significant effect, with a Sign value. 0.001 < 0.05, and the value of tcount = 3.472 > ttable = 1.970 . The three independent variables (X1, X2, and X3) simultaneously have a significant effect on the use of private vehicles (Y), expressed by the F test with a Sig value. 0.000 < 0.05, and the value of Fcount = 202.703 > Ftable = 2.641. The strength of the three independent variables in explaining the dependent variable (Y), is R2 = 70.8%.
ANALISIS PANJANG RUNWAY PADA BANDAR UDARA INTERNASIONAL I GUSTI NGURAH RAI
Authors: Agung Cahaya Wardani 
Published: July 2022

Bandar udara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai merupakan bandar udara tersibuk kedua di Indonesia. Bandar Udara ini melayani penumpang sebanyak kurang lebih 65.779 jiwa per harinya. Jumlah penumpang tersebut diangkut dengan menggunakan rata-rata 421 pesawat udara setiap harinya. Bandar Udara ini selama periode 10 bulan hingga Oktober 2019 mampu melayani penumpang sebesar 19. 900 penumpang yang didominasi oleh penumpang Internasional dan dilayani oleh Maskapai Internasional dengan pesawat berbadan lebar seperti Boeing 777. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan fasilitas yang memadai agar dapat memberikan pelayanan sesuai kebutuhan. Salah satunya adalah dengan menngkatkan Panjang runway dari 3000 m menjadi 3400 m. Dalam penelitian ini akan dievaluasi mengenai kebutuhan Panjang runway yang melayani pesawat Boeing 777.
Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metoda evaluasi kebutuhan Panjang runway untuk melayani kebutuhan pesawat Boeing 777 dibandingkan dengan Panjang runway existing yang sudah ada. Adapun pengumpulan data merupakan pengumpulan data primer yang diperoleh melalui data dari pabrikasi pesawat Boeing, dan data dari Bandara I Gusti Ngurah Rai.
Dari hasil analisis diperoleh panjang runway untuk keperluan tinggal landas adalah sebesar 3700 m. Perhitungan kebutuhan panjang untuk tinggal landas ini menggunakan grafik dengan asumsi tidak ada angin (zero wind), adalah sebesar 27, 58 % lebih Panjang dari panjang runway akibat faktor koreksi temperatur, ketinggian, slope karena pengaruh faktor lingkungan.

Keyword : Panjang Runway, Boeing 777, factor koreksi
Promowanie przedsiębiorczości kobiet w polityce zagranicznej Australii
Authors: Błaszczak Jarosław 
Published: July 2022

Jako jeden z sześciu priorytetów australijskiej pomocy dla innych państw wymienia się „równość płci oraz upodmiotowienie kobiet i dziewcząt” [Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade 2014a:25]. Jeśli zestawić to z wyrażonymi już w tytule rządowej publikacji celami ogólnymi – zmniejszaniem biedy i promocją dobrobytu, to widać wyraźnie, iż kwestią istotną dla australijskich władz jest zwiększanie zaangażowania kobiet w gospodarkę, w tym przez prowadzenie działalności gospodarczej na własny rachunek. W ocenie części obserwatorów obecny rząd w Canberze wydaje się kłaść nawet większy nacisk na poprawę losu kobiet poza granicami kraju niż w samej Australii [Harris Rimmer, Sawer 2016]. (…) Artykuł w pierwszej kolejności omawia wykorzystane w analizie koncepcje teoretyczne. Następnie prezentuje kluczowe dokumenty i inne ramy instytucjonalne, leżące u podstaw australijskiej polityki w zakresie promowania przedsiębiorczości kobiet. Kolejna część opracowania ukazuje praktyczne działania, stanowiące przykłady realizacji zadeklarowanych w dokumentach celów i priorytetów. W końcowych częściach tekstu zebrany materiał zostaje poddany analizie przez pryzmat przyjętych założeń teoretycznych. Podjęta zostaje także próba sformułowania oceny australijskiej polityki zagranicznej w tej dziedzinie. (fragment tekstu)