bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helical Luttinger liquid on the edge of a 2-dimensional topological antiferromagnet
Authors: Feng Yang , Zhu Jinjiang , Lin Weiyan , Lian Zichen , Wang Yongchao , Li Hao , Pan Y. P. , Yao Hongxu , He Qiushi , Lin Yishi , Wu Yang , Zhang Jinsong , Wang Yayu , Zhou Xiaodong , Shen Jian , Wang Yihua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Helical Luttinger liquid (HLL) is a class of one-dimensional liquids with locked electron spin orientation and momentum. Boundary of a quantum spin Hall insulator is a good example of time-reversal symmetry (TRS) protected HLL, but its topological protection is compromised under finite magnetic field. Boundary HLL with broken bulk TRS belongs to a different topological class which may occur in antiferromagnets. The recently discovered van der Waals antiferromagnet (AFM) MnBi2Te4 offers rich topological band structures which critically relies on the magnetic structure and layer number. Here, we search for signatures of HLL on the edge of even-layer MnBi2Te4 thin flakes by combining magneto-transport and scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy. We directly image helical edge current in the AFM ground state appearing when the chemical potential was gated to the charge neutral point. Such helical edge state accompanies an insulating bulk which is topologically distinct from the ferromagnetic Chern insulator phase as revealed in a magnetic field driven quantum phase transition of the bulk. The edge conductance of the AFM order follows a power-law as a function of temperature and source-drain bias which serves as strong evidence for HLL. Such HLL scaling is robust at finite fields below the quantum critical point. The observed HLL in a layered AFM semiconductor represents a highly tunable topological matter compatible with future spintronics and quantum computation.
Evaluating the benefits of legacy phosphate
Authors: Barrow N Jim , Debnath Abhijit , Roy Dibakar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
AimsMany soils in the developed world have been fertilised with phosphate for several decades. Appreciable phosphate has accumulated in such soils. This is referred to as “legacy P”. The benefits of legacy P are not widely appreciated.MethodsWe produced five levels of legacy P by incubating the soil with added phosphate at high temperatures for 30 days. We then measured the effect on sorption/desorption and on plant growth in response to further additions of phosphate.ResultsLegacy P decreased soil buffering capacity, decreased hysteresis of desorption, and increased the amount of P in a similar state to that of the recently sorbed P. There were analogous effects of plant growth; effectiveness of P fertiliser increased; the decline in effectiveness with time decreased; and the amount of soil P accessible to plants increased. We think that soil tests reflect only the amount of soil P accessible to plants. Soil testing services which include estimates of phosphate buffering reflect its decrease and the consequent increase in fertilizer effectiveness. We propose a simple test to reflect the rate of decline in effectiveness with time. ConclusionsManaging phosphate applications using soil tests alone underestimates phosphate status and leads to over application of phosphate. It is necessary to also include estimates of the change in phosphate buffering and the change in the rate of decline in effectiveness with time. A simple way estimating the rate of decline is suggested.
Detecting SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Wastewater and Their Correlation With Circulating Variants in the Communities
Authors: Li Lin , Uppal Timsy , Hartley Paul D. , Gorzalski Andrew , Pandori Mark , Picker Michael A. , Verma Subhash C. , Pagilla Krishna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in wastewater has been highly informative in estimating the approximate number of infected individuals in the surrounding communities. Recent developments in wastewater monitoring to determine community prevalence of COVID-19 further extends into identifying SARS-CoV-2 variants, including those being monitored for having enhanced transmissibility. We sequenced genomic RNA derived from wastewater to determine the variants of coronaviruses circulating in the communities. Wastewater samples were collected from Truckee Meadows Water Reclamation Facility (TMWRF) from November 2021 to June 2021 were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 variants and were compared with the variants detected in the clinical specimens (nasal/nasopharyngeal swabs) of infected individuals during the same period. The comparison was found to be conclusively in agreement. Therefore, wastewater monitoring for SARS-CoV-2 variants in the community is a feasible strategy both as a complementary tool to clinical specimen testing and in the latter's absence.
Is Age An Independent Prognostic Factor For Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Surgical Resection?
Authors: Ye Dongdong , Qiu Zhiyu , Shen Lujun , Chen Shuanggang , Fan Weijun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To determine the optimal cutoff for age in predicting prognosis of HCC after surgical resection, and explore its impact on prognosis.Methods: From 1st January 2012 to 31st December 2015, medical records of patients with HCC and received radical resection were retrospectively reviewed. X-tile was utilized to determine the best cutoff. The primary endpoints were Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Cox regression analysis was used to discern independent prognostic factors.Results: 353 patients were enrolled, including 126 in young group (YG; age≤46) and 227 in elder group (EG; age>46), respectively. The YG got a significantly higher proportion of hepatitis B virus infection (p=0.029) and microvascular invasion (p=0.016). The 5-year DFS of YG was lower (38.1% vs. 47.6%，p= 0.046), while 5-year OS showed no significant difference (64.3% vs. 63.5%, p=0.58). Multivariate analysis showed that liver cirrhosis (HR=1.6, p=0.002) and microvascular invasion (HR=1.6, p=0.002) were the independent factors for DFS; microvascular invasion (HR=2.0, p<0.0001) and the tumor site (HR=1.6, p= 0.037) were the independent factors for OS. Age was neither an independent prognostic factor for DFS nor for OS [DFS: HR = 1.3 (0.9-1.7), p = 0.126; OS: HR = 1.1 (0.7-1.5), p = 0.734].
Molecular and clinical diversity in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a LOC Network study
Authors: Alentorn Agusti , Hernández-Verdin Isaias , Kirasic Eva , Wienand Kirsty , Eimer Sandrine , Loiseau Hugues , Rousseau Audrey , Paillassa Jérôme , Ahle Guido , Lerintiu Felix , Uro-Coste Emmanuelle , Oberic Lucie , Figarella-Branger Dominique , Chinot Olivier , Gauchotte Guillaume , Taillandier Luc , Marolleau Jean-Pierre , Polivka Marc , Adam Clovis , Ursu Renata , Schimitt Anna , Barillot Noemie , Nichelli Lucia , Lozano-Sánchez Fernando , Ibañez-Juliá Maria-José , Peyre Matthieu , Mathon Bertrand , Abada Yah-se , Charlotte Frederic , Davi Frédéric , Stewart Chip , de Reyniès Aurélien , Choquet Sylvain , Soussain Carole , Houillier Caroline , Chapuy Bjoern , Hoang-Xuan Khe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a distinct extranodal lymphoma presenting with limited stage disease but variable response rates to treatment despite homogenous pathological presentation. The likely underlying molecular heterogeneity and its clinical impact is poorly understood.We performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of 147 PCNSL from fresh-frozen tumor tissue from immunocompetent, treatment naïve PCNSL patients, employing whole-exome sequencing, assessment of somatic copy number alterations and DNA methylation, and RNA expression. These data were integrated and correlated with the clinico-radiological characteristics and outcomes of the patients. We validated our results in an independent series of 93 PCNSL formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples.Consensus clustering of multi-omics data identified four robust, non-overlapping, prognostically significant clusters (CS) within PCNSL. The CS1 group, characterized by high proliferation and Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) complex activity had an intermediate outcome between CS2/CS3 and CS4. Patients who had PCNSL with an “immune-hot” (CS4) profile had the most favorable clinical outcome. In contrast, patients with the immune-cold hypermethylated CS2 and the heterogenous-immune CS3 groups had a poor prognosis. Nearly all PCNSL patients with meningeal infiltration harbored HIST1H1E mutations, enriched in the CS3 group. The integrated analysis suggests that the CS4 group may be more susceptible to immunotherapy. The integration of genome-wide data from multi-omics data revealed four molecular patterns in PCNSL with a distinctive prognostic impact that significantly improved the current clinical stratification. This molecular classification using FFPE samples facilitates routine use in clinical practice and provides potential precision-medicine strategies in PCNSL.
Weighted fidelity of delivery of an intervention in the health facility: a case of TB screening among PLHIV in selected hospitals in Ghana
Authors: Narh-Bana Solomon A , Kawonga Mary , Chirwa Esnat D , Odopey Selase Ofori , Bonsu Frank , Ibisomi Latifat , Chirwa Tobias F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundImplementation outcome assessment such as fidelity is essential in implementing health intervention. Limited studies that have been conducted have assessed fidelity separately at the healthcare provider level or facility level with managers. However, there might be variations in facility resources and their utilization, skewing such comparisons. We, therefore, would like to investigate whether a combined provider-facility level fidelity is a more effective assessment. We aim to describe the weighted fidelity of implementing the guidelines for TB screening among PLHIV and examine its effect on TB screening coverage at selected HIV clinics in Ghana.MethodsWe used cross-sectional study and collected data from 226 HIV care providers and 27 managers of district hospitals implementing the TB screening intervention at the HIV clinics. We also extracted information from TB registers monthly for 2018. Weighted fidelity was measured based on the extent to which the intervention was implemented, considering both the facility and the provider level assessments. Response scores and extracted data on fidelity were analyzed and summarized using the median and inter-quartile range for non-normal data such as fidelity scores and coverage and frequencies and percentages for categorical data such as resources availability. Linear regressions models were fitted for TB screening coverage using the fidelities separately.ResultsThe study revealed that the weighted fidelity median score was 67% (IQR: 59.9 – 74.9%), and the TB screening coverage was 71.3% (IQR: 56.9 – 96.7). Weighted fidelity of delivery was statistically associated with TB screening coverage (p<0.01). All the moderating factors investigated have no statistical association with weighted fidelity of delivery (p>0.05) except for IE&C. Facilities with TB IE&C materials available had a significantly (p=0.025) higher median fidelity score 75.4% (74.9 – 88.5) than their counterparts 65.7% (59.4 – 72.6).ConclusionsThe combined provider-facility level assessment of fidelity demonstrated that weighted fidelity of delivery is positively associated with TB screening coverage and provided a better platform for assessing implementation fidelity. It also showed that the availability of IE&C materials significantly moderates the weighted fidelity of delivery. Weighted fidelity is an efficient way of holistically assessing fidelity within health facilities.
Staging of Alveolar Echinococcosis with PET/CT: Prediction of Benzimidazole Therapy Duration in Inoperable Patients
Authors: Husmann Lars , Gruenig Hannes , Reiner Caecilia S. , Deibel Ansgar , Ledergerber Bruno , Liberini Virginia , Skawran Stephan , Muehlematter Urs J. , Messerli Michael , Hasse Barbara , Muellhaupt Beat , Huellner Martin W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis is a rare parasitic disease, most frequently affecting the liver, as a slow-growing tumor-like lesion. If inoperable, long-term benzimidazole therapy is required, which is associated with high healthcare costs and occasionally with increased morbidity. The aim of our study was to determine the role 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in staging of patients with alveolar echinococcosis and to identify quantitative imaging parameters related to patient outcome and/or duration benzimidazole therapy. In this single-center retrospective cohort study, 47 PET/CT performed for staging in patients with confirmed alveolar echinococcosis were analysed. In 43 patients (91%) benzimidazole therapy was initiated and was successfully stopped after a median of 870 days (766-2517) in 14/43 patients (33%). In inoperable patients, tests for trend of survivor functions displayed clear trends for longer benzimidazole therapy duration (p=0.05; n=25), and for longer time intervals to reach non-detectable serum concentration of Em-18 antibodies (p= 0.01, n=15) across tertiles of SUVratio (maximum standardized uptake value in the echinococcus manifestation compared to normal liver tissue). Hence, in inoperable patients with alveolar echinococcosis, PET/CT performed for staging may predict the duration of benzimidazole therapy.
Redispersion of Pt nanoparticles encapsulated within ZSM-5 at high temperature oxygen for partial oxidation of methane
Authors: Wang tao , Ding chuanmin , Ma lichao , Ma zili , Yang meiru , Wang junwen , Zhang kan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Active metal agglomeration in heterogeneous catalysis is a crucial reason of catalyst deactivation. Consequently, many methods to inhibit the sintering by redispersing metal course have been widely studied. However, the redispersion conditions of catalysts with different structures may also be different. In our work, we prepared Pt/ZSM-5 and Pt@ZSM-5 catalysts to study that the redispersion of Pt under different pretreatment conditions. Characterizations demonstrate that only Pt@ZSM-5 (4R, 5O) implements Pt redispersion. The redispersion of Pt nanoparticles is due to the encapsulation constraint of the ZSM-5 as well as Ptδ+ species migrate at 500℃ oxygen atmosphere, which are anchored to the -(-O-Si≡)y site in ZSM-5 by strong metal support interaction. Benefiting from highly dispersed active sites, Pt@ZSM-5 (4R, 5O) catalyst also shows excellently catalytic activity, stability and anti-carbon deposition ability in partial oxidation of methane (POM). The results provide ideas for the preparation of catalysts for high temperature oxidation reaction.
Dynamic monitoring of flood disaster based on remote sensing data cube
Authors: Wang Zhicheng , Gao Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
High-frequency dynamic monitoring of flood disaster using remote sensing technology is crucial for accurate decision-making of disaster prevention and relief. However, the current trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution of remote sensing sensors limits their application in high-frequency dynamic monitoring of flood disaster. To deal with this challenge, in this study, first, to construct the cloud-free MODIS data cube, we removed the cloudy areas in MODIS original data cube by using the information provided by GPM rainfall data. Then, we fused the cloud-free MODIS data cube and Landsat-8 data by using the spatio-temporal data fusion algorithm to construct the high spatio-temporal resolution (Landsat-like) data cube. Last, the high spatio-temporal resolution (Landsat-like) data cube was used for high-frequency dynamic monitoring of flood disaster. Our study had three main results: (1) The differences between cloud-free MODIS data cube and observations were small and the cloud-free MODIS data cube could be used for subsequent studies. (2) High spatio-temporal resolution (Landsatlike) data cube reflected the spatio-temporal changes of flood well and could be used for the highfrequency dynamic monitoring of flood disaster. (3) There were two floods occurred in the study area from July 17, 2021 to October 16, 2021. The first flood occurred from July 17, 2021 to September 15, 2021, with maximum affected area of 668.36 km 2 . The second flood occurred from September 18, 2021 to October 16, 2021, with maximum affected area of 303.88 km 2 . Our study provides a general method for high-frequency monitoring of flood disaster.
Investigation of the Effects of Heavy Metal Pollution on Surface Waters Before and During the COVID-19 Lockdown Periods in Bursa, Turkey
Authors: Sari Mehmet Ferhat , Esen Fatma 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The first COVID-19 case in Turkey was reported on March 10, 2020, by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey. Due to the increasing number of cases, a curfew was declared on weekends as of 11–12 April 2020. Although curfews were only implemented on public holidays and weekends, there were reductions in industrial, traffic, and human activities. The restrictions and curfews implemented to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic are a unique opportunity to understand the effects of anthropogenic sources on water quality. In this study, it was aimed to determine the temporal variations of the concentration of seven heavy metals (HMs) (Fe, Mn, Cu, Al, Cr, Ni, and Zn) in surface waters before and during the COVID-19 lockdown period, and their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks that may occur through digestion and dermal absorption. Surface water samples were taken from 14 different sampling points within the borders of Bursa (Turkey). HM concentrations except Ni increased at rates ranging from 7.92–83.33% during the COVID-19 lockdown period compared to before the COVID-19 lockdown period. The heavy metal pollution index and heavy metal evaluation index increased during the COVID-19 lockdown period compared to before the COVID-19 lockdown period. Also, according to the results regarding the carcinogenic risk that may occur via digestion and dermal absorption, serious risks were determined for adults and children in both periods. Generally, similar correlation coefficients were obtained in both sampling periods, and it was concluded that HMs were affected by similar sources.
FinTech-enabled-Endowment: A Proposed Financial Sustainability Model for NPHDIs
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Meraj Muhammad , Mubarik M. Shujaat , Butt M. Wasie Fasih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
IntroThe World’s Indigent Population’s socio-economic status has drawn the attention of the entire world for more than three decades. The Not-for-Profit Human Development Institutes (NPHDIs), aiming to serve this segment, faces Financial Sustainability as one of the major issues, as they are usually dependent on donors’ funds especially to run and finance their operations. If there is a shift in the donors’ donation preferences, then there is uncertainty in the fund generation forcing these organizations to get into turmoil, and this not only hampers their ability to serve but also challenges their survival and existence.MethodsThis study has been conducted in a two-fold research approach. Firstly, NPHDIs operating in Pakistan have been studied to evaluate their Financial Sustainability through Ratio Analysis based on Donor Dependent Ratio (DDR) and then, a FinTech integrated Financial Sustainability Model for NPHDIs has been proposed using Constructive Grounded Theory. ResultsFindings of the first phase shows there is a heavily reliant on donors funding with the DDR ranging from 100% to 91.73% based on a sample of ten randomly selected NPHDIs operating in Pakistan. Whereas, four main themes have been identified during the second phase, which has been articulated together to form FinTech-integrated Endowment – A proposed Financially Sustainable Model.ConclusionThe values of NPHDIs’ DDR are not less than 25%, so they are considered to be Financially Unsustainable. FinTech-enabled-Endowment is one main alternative to donors’ dependent funds, which can provide sustainable revenue streams for these NPHDIs based on Social Finance Theory.
Seasonal Gene Expression Profile Responsible For Hair Follicle Development In Angora Goats
Authors: KUL Bengi CINAR , Bilgen Nuket , Biskin Merve , Akkurt Mustafa Yenal , Cildir Ozge Sebnem , Ozmen Ozge , Kul Oguz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Mammals have physiological reprogramming adaptation ability to changing seasonal light and temperature, through their biological clocks maintained by circadian rhythm, photoperiodism and thermoperiodism. These seasonal differences do not only affect vital activities of animals like migration, reproduction, sleeping, but also cause dramatic changes in their economically important characters (e.g. fur quality, fattening levels and milk yield). Mohair is constituted of non-medullary hairs produced by secondary hair follicles in Angora goats and the effects of seasonal differences on mohair structure and related genes are still unknown. Methods and Results: We examined the gene expression levels of BMP-2, FGF-5, HOXC13, KAP9.2 and TGFBR2 normalized with GAPDH in skin biopsies taken from Angora goats (n=20) in two different follicle development stages; telogen and anagen, sampled in February and June, respectively. HOXC13 showed high level of expression in anagen phase whereas expression was undetectable in telogen phase. TGFBR2, FGF-5, and BMP-2 were significantly upregulated in anagen, while KAP9.2 expression showed no difference between two phases.Conclusions: This is the first study on hair follicle-related genes in the angora goat and revealed that these genes differ between geographic zones and/or breeds. Additionally, we speculate that overexpression of HOXC13 might be one of the underlying factors associated with non-medullary hair nature, making the mohair more shiny and silky in Angora goats.
Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy In Patients With Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer With Poor Pathologic Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Gal Omer , Lewin Ron , Perl Gali , Ulitzky Olga , Brenner Baruch , Kundel Yulia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This study sought to evaluate the effect of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) who respond poorly to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (ChT). Methods: The database of a tertiary medical center (2009-2019) was retrospectively reviewed for patients with LAGC in whom the initial treatment strategy consisted of perioperative ChT and surgery. Those who were subsequently referred for postoperative CRT because of a poor pathologic primary-tumor response (ypT3-4, ypN2-3, R1 resection) were selected for the study. CRT consisted of 45 Gy in 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy combined with capecitabine 825 mg/m² twice daily on radiotherapy days or continuous infusion of 5-fluorouracil 180 mg/m²/day. Intensity-modulated radiation was planned using computed tomography simulation. Results: The cohort included 26 patients of median age 61 years with LAGC (clinical stage IIA-III) after surgery with D1-D2 lymphadenectomy. R0 resection was achieved in 15 (58%). Pathological stage was III in 69% (IIA-IVA); 73% had pT3-T4 tumors, and 65%, N2-N3 disease. Nineteen patients (73%) also received adjuvant ChT (same as neoadjuvant or different regimen) before postoperative CRT. Treatment was well tolerated, except in one patient with grade 4 vomiting. During a median follow-up time of 29 months (9-140 months), recurrences were documented in 14 patients (54%): 5 regional, 7 distant, 2 combined. Median progression-free survival was 23 months (10-140 months), and median overall survival was not reached. Estimated 5-year survival rates were 42% and 53%, respectively. Conclusions: This small retrospective study suggests that in patients with LAGC who show a poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant ChT, a good outcome relative to reference arms in randomized trials can still be achieved with the addition of postoperative CRT. Further studies of the benefit of a tailored adaptive treatment approach to LAGC based on the response to neoadjuvant ChT are warranted.