bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literature-based occurrences of marine species in Venezuela
Authors: Peralta Brichtova Ana Carolina , Scott-Frías Joxmer , Carmona-Suarez Carlos , Rodriguez Carmen , Perez-Benítez Jeannette , Lopez-Ordaz Adriana , Marquez-Rojas Brightdoom , Lira Carlos , Gómez Acevedo Santiago , Carballo Barrera Yusneyi , Rodríguez Bladimir , Cavada-Blanco Francoise , Delgado José , Klein Eduardo 
Published: December 2022

Venezuela has suffered a severe academic and research management crisis, and funding opportunities for marine research and data management have been practically absent. This has worsened over the past five years, and as a result, libraries and other institutional spaces have been repeatedly vandalized, with hundreds of records, specimens, and historical data stolen, destroyed, or burned. To avoid the loss of irreplaceable data on Venezuelan biodiversity, an initiative aimed at digitizing information to create a rich dataset of biodiversity records, with emphasis on marine protected areas for the country, as well as to fill gaps in the distribution and status of marine biodiversity in Venezuela. Around 10 institutions in the country focusing on marine science have consistently produced a wealth of information about Venezuela’s marine biodiversity in the form of specimen collections, unpublished sampled data, and research theses through the work of hundreds of researchers and students. An inventory of available data sources at these national institutions was conducted under the National Biodiversity Data Mobilization Grant and the Biodiversity Information for Development Program, together with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) support. All recovered and processed datasets were published in the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) repositories.
This data collection represents a major contribution to the marine biodiversity inventory in Venezuela. It is based on numerous published papers, reports, books, and checklists provided by experts, covering a broad taxonomic collection of 3,041 marine species, with representatives of each of the five kingdoms: Animalia, Chromista, Bacteria, Plantae, and Protozoa. The datasets provide information on occurrence since 1822, extending the temporal coverage of the species occurrence inventory for Venezuela, which was established in 1879 before this project. The species occrrences are organized into 59 datasets containing 40,881 records, which represent a 28.49% contribution to the records of Venezuelan marine biodiversity reported to the OBIS (143,513 records in OBIS until November 2022). The number of records for Venezuela increased by 41.3% compared with the data available before the project. Most of the occurrences (63.47%) were registered in Marine Protected Areas. Data collection included records of non-native species, descriptions of new species, and species listed under different IUCN categories.
Spread of COVID-19 in the Russian regions in 2020: factors of excess mortality
Authors: Kolosnitsyna Marina G. , Chubarov Mikhail Yu. 
Published: December 2022

The paper identifies major factors associated with the pandemic spread in the Russian regions, using econometric models and nonlinear «Random Forest» models to assess their significance. The study is based on data of the Russian regions for March-December 2020, a balanced panel sample included 780 observations. Prevalence of the pandemic was estimated based on the excess mortality rate.
The study has identified a positive relationship between excess mortality and the share of migrants and a negative relationship between excess mortality and the share of pensioners in the region. Importance of climatic factors has been confirmed: high temperatures, other things being equal, reduce excess mortality, while high humidity, on the contrary, increases it. Excess mortality is higher in the regions with lower population mobility. Mortality is higher in the regions with high per capita incomes and regions with significant unemployment. Vice versa, excess mortality is lower in the regions with better doctor and nurse staffing levels.
The study results show that in case of repeated waves of the epidemic or emergence of new viruses, public health policy should be geographically differentiated. Priority should be given to epidemiological situation in the regions with humid climate and low temperatures, high incomes, intensive migration, and high unemployment rates. Significant investments in medical education, higher number of medical specialists and their more even distribution across regions are required. This approach turns out to be more effective in terms of reducing mortality rather than restrictions on population mobility.
Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: Biswas Kanu Gopal , Majumdar Piya , Sahu Subhashis 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Carpentry and related jobs are the major occupations for a large number of people in the rural and urban areas of India which is mainly unorganized.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
Carpentry work is unorganized informal sectors, particularly in developed countries such as India, and there is a lack of data on musculoskeletal disorders and the issues are being undermined nowadays, so we intend to study and evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among carpenters, analyzing major causes behind such predicaments with a special emphasis on working posture.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
For the present study, 148 male carpenters aged between 20-60 years were randomly taken from different wooden furniture manufacturing units in West Bengal, India, and 148 referent subjects from different working sectors with similar socioeconomic status who have been categorized depending upon their experience. Socio-demographic features along with physical measures, physiological status, working posture, and discomfort at different body parts were evaluated following standard protocol.

RESULTS:
Based on the observations, it was found that most of the carpenters were suffering from work-related health predicaments, mainly musculoskeletal problems due to awkward working posture. Some of the working postures adopted by carpenters were identified as very strenuous. They complain about pain during working hours and also during the rest period. It was observed that the head, neck, shoulder, arm, elbow, wrist, upper back, lower back, waist, leg, knee, and ankle were majorly affected areas due to their repetitive nature of work with awkward posture. Body part discomfort rating showed that the lower back was mostly stressed and the elbow and leg were least. It was also found that their working place and their working environment and unergonomic tools make work more strenuous.

CONCLUSION:
So, some ergonomic interventions are required to improve the quality of life of the carpenter work, and scheduled rest-pause may enable the workers to recover from strain.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of extensor compartment abnormalities of knee joint – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Patil Santosh D. , Raman Vihag , Goudar Pradeep Siddappa , Patil Aravind D. , Patil Priyanka 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The patellofemoral joint (PFJ) is a complex joint structure with high functional and biomechanical requirements. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an effective tool for definition and characterization of knee pathology as it can accurately detect, localize, and characterize various pathologies of the knee joint.

OBJECTIVES:
(1) Evaluate MR images to identify different pathologies that are seen in the extensor compartment of the knee joint. (2) Quantitative assessment of patellofemoral measurements to determine predisposing risk factors that contribute to patellofemoral joint instability.

METHODOLOGY:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017 with a sample size of 30 in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at The KLE's Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belagavi. The data were collected using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The pro forma included sociodemographic profile of the study subjects, clinical presentation MRI to identify different pathologies that are seen in extensor compartment of the knee joint and quantitative assessment of patellofemoral measurements to determine predisposing risk factors that contribute to patellofemoral joint instability.

RESULTS:
Among the study population majority of people had normal synovium, laterally subluxated/dislocated patella. Among the study population, the majority had normal lateral trochlear inclination angle, normal trochlear facet asymmetry, normal trochlear depth, normal sulcus angle, and trochlear dysplasia. Twenty-four (80%) people had normal Insall–Salvati index, 27 (90%) people had normal lateral patella femoral angle, 25 (83.30%) people had normal lateralization of the patella, 28 (93.30%) people had normal tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance, majority, i.e., 11 (36.70%) had Hoffa's fat pad edema followed by chondromalacia patella, trochlear dysplasia, medial patellofemoral ligament tear, patella alta, synovial plicae, subluxated/dislocated patella, transient dislocated patella, Osgood–Schlatter disease, and patellar tendonitis.

CONCLUSION:
MRI has also been useful in identifying extensor compartment pathologies that lead to anterior knee pain.
Effect of long-distance load marching on physiological responses at desert environment
Authors: Arya Kavita , Yadav Angad , Bhattacharyya Debojyoti , Chatterjee Subhojit , Pal Madhusudan 
Published: December 2022

AIM:
The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of long-distance load marching on the physiological responses, walking efficiency, and mobility of soldiers at sandy desert environment.

METHODS:
A total of nine physically fit soldiers (age, 30.00 [SE 0.9] years; height, 175.56 [SE 1.18] cm; and weight, 77.83 [SE 1.37] kg) volunteered for long-distance (6 km) load marching by self-selected speed when carrying 22 kg (28.27% of body weight [BW]) load and no load (NL). Heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (RF), and core body temperature (CBT) were recorded. Relative workload (RWL) and Physiological Cost Index (PCI) were calculated to assess the work intensity and mobility.

RESULTS:
It was observed that HR (P = 0.01), RWL (P = 0.01), and PCI (P = 0.01) were significantly increased by 23.79, 39.71, and 77.73%, respectively, and mobility was significantly reduced (P = 0.01) by 18.56% during marching with 22 kg load as compared to NL.

CONCLUSION:
It may be that marching without external load at speed of 4.85 ± 0.54 km/h should not be continued for more than 2 h, whereas marching with load of 28.27% of BW at speed of 3.95 ± 0.55 km/h should be restricted to maximum 30 min. This combination of load, speed, and duration provides information about soldiers' routine load carriage tasks, which may help in optimizing the load carriage task to reduce the chances of cumulative carriage-related injuries and, therefore, may contribute to improved soldiers' operational readiness and mobility.
Out-of-Pocket Expenditure for the Diagnosis of Cervical, Breast, and Oral Cavity Cancer
Authors: Singh Shahana , Thulasingam Mahalakshmy , Nagappa Bharathnag , Singh Chitrita , Rajan Vishnu , Karunanithi Gunaseelan 
Published: December 2022

Background:Cancer as a disease has widespread financial impact on patients. Most public funded government schemes provide insurance only after the diagnosis is made. Patients incur a substantial out-of-pocket expenditure even before the diagnosis.Objectives:The study was done with the objective of determining the total cost (direct out-of-pocket expenditure and indirect cost) incurred from the symptom onset to diagnosis among patients diagnosed with cancer of the uterine cervix, oral cavity, and breast.Materials and Methods:In this hospital-based study conducted in the Regional Cancer Center of a tertiary hospital in South India, 100 patients were interviewed using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire. For cost calculation, the reference period was duration between the first contact to the health facility for the symptoms suggestive of cancer, and the histopathological diagnosis. The total direct (out-of-pocket expenses) and indirect (income lost) costs were determined by interviewing the participants. The Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the out-of-pocket expenses across age, gender, and tumor type categories.Results:The median (first quartile [Q1] and third quartile [Q3]) cost incurred while diagnosing the three cancers was Indian rupees (INRs) 3660 (1280, 12,660); the median (Q1, Q3) direct cost was INR 1710 (350, 10,930) and the median (Q1, Q3) indirect cost was INR 250 (0, 2000). Those who visited a private health facility for their symptoms incurred a significantly higher direct cost (P< 0.05). Further, those aged 15–44 years, above the poverty line, male, who had completed more than primary education, or were diagnosed with cervical cancer incurred higher costs, although this was not statistically significant.Conclusion:Patients of common cancers incur a high out-of-pocket expenditure even before initiation of treatment. Measures such as providing all diagnostic modalities under a single roof and adopting a standardized protocol for various investigation procedures may help in reducing the costs incurred by patients.
Assessment of optic disk by disk damage likelihood scale staging using slit-lamp biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography in diagnosing primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Singh Kanchan , Bhushan Prashant , Mishra Deepak , Kaur Kirandeep , Gurnani Bharat , Singh Anjali , Pandey Swasti 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
The current study was aimed at assessment of optic disk by disk damage likelihood scale (DDLS) staging using slit-lamp biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diagnosing primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional observational study of 106 POAG patients, which was conducted from April 2017 to April 2018. All patients underwent slit-lamp fundoscopy with a +78 D lens and high-definition (HD)-OCT, and the vertical cup disk ratios (VCDRs) were recorded. Disk size and neuroretinal rim assessment were done, and the disk was then staged using the recent version, which stages the optic nerve head (ONH) from 1 to 10 as read from the DDLS nomogram table. DDLS scores >5 indicate glaucomatous damage. Pearson coefficient was used to correlate the DDLS staging by slit-lamp biomicroscopy with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), disk size, and VCDR and VCDR, mean deviation, and DDLS staging by HD-OCT.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 59.54 ± 6.61 years. The male: female ratio was 2:1. The mean IOP was 16.04 ± 1.97 mmHg, and BCVA was 0.72 ± 0.13 LogMAR units. The mean VCDR on 78 D slit-lamp biomicroscopy was 0.76 ± 0.09 (standard deviation [SD]) (range 0.1–0.77), whereas on HD-OCT, the mean VCDR was 0.81 ± 0.09 (SD) (range 0.07–0.81). The mean deviation on visual field testing in decibels was −14.43 ± 3.31 (SD). The correlation coefficient between DDLS staging by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and DDLS staging by HD-OCT parameters was r = 0.96.

Conclusion:
There is a positive correlation between the DDLS system of optic disk evaluation on slit-lamp biomicroscopy and most of the HD-OCT evaluation parameters.
Central macular thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness changes on spectral domain optical coherence tomography after cataract surgery in pediatric population
Authors: Sen Pradhnya , Shah Chintan , Sachdeva Mani , Sen Alok , More Amruta , Jain Elesh 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the central macular thickness (CMT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) changes on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) after cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in a pediatric population.

Methods:
This was a longitudinal, prospective, interventional study which included 90 pediatric patients who underwent cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Serial SD-OCT scans were done at postoperative day 1, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up. CMT and SFCT were measured at each visit.

Results:
A statistically significant increase in CMT was noted at 1 month (from 199.3 mm to 210.04 mm) post surgery, which declined over a 3-month period (202.70 mm, P = 0.0001). In case of SFCT, a constant increase was observed for over 3 months of follow-up (baseline: 296.52 mm; 1 month: 309.04 mm; and 3 months: 319.03 mm, P = 0.0001). The traumatic cataract group showed more pronounced changes in CMT and SFCT than the non-traumatic cataract group. No significant difference was observed regarding these parameters between those who underwent primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) versus those who did not. None of the patients in the study group developed cystoid macular edema. These posterior segment–related anatomical changes did not affect the final visual outcomes.

Conclusion:
Cataract surgery induces potential inflammatory changes in the macula and choroid in pediatric patients. Such changes are more pronounced in trauma-related cases; however, they are not significant enough to affect the visual outcomes. Similarly, the additional surgical step of PPC does not induce significant anatomical or functional changes.
Indistinct retinal outer layers in the walls of the idiopathic full-thickness macular hole - A potential predictive biomarker for surgical outcomes
Authors: Patel Rushik , Delhiwala Kushal , Khamar Bakulesh 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the absence of external limiting membrane (ELM) and ellipsoid zone (indistinct retinal outer layers, I-ROL) in the walls of idiopathic full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) circumferentially on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and its correlation with surgical outcome.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational study, OCT images of patients undergoing vitrectomy for FTMHs with at least 3-months of postoperative follow-up were analyzed for preoperative circumferential extent of I-ROL. Derived macular hole indices such as hole form factor (HFF), macular hole index (MHI), tractional hole index (THI), and hole diameter ratio (HDR) were also calculated. The circumferential extent of I-ROL was correlated with derived hole indices as well as anatomical closure, foveal architecture, and restoration of ELM following surgery.

Results:
All nine eyes (eight patients) with FTMH (mean size: 610.11 ± 122.95 microns) in the study showed I-ROL in ≥1 quadrant. The mean HFF, MHI, THI, and HDR values were 0.72 ± 0.09, 0.35 ± 0.05, 0.71 ± 0.24, and 0.53 ± 0.14, respectively. All eyes achieved type-1 hole closure with improvement in best-corrected visual acuity to 0.58 ± 0.32 LogMAR from 0.81 ± 0.26 LogMAR. Regular foveal architecture was achieved in six eyes. Out of these, five eyes had I-ROL in ≥2 quadrants, and one eye had I-ROL in <2 quadrants (P = 0.0476). Restoration of ELM was seen in aforementioned six eyes (complete = 5, partial = 1). Out of the five eyes with complete ELM restoration, four had a circumferential extent of I-ROL in ≥2 quadrants (P = 0.0476). Complete restoration of ELM was associated with the complete restoration of the ellipsoid zone in three eyes.

Conclusion:
Preoperative circumferential extent of I-ROL in FTMH walls can be a potential predictive OCT marker for the type of closure, postoperative foveal architecture, and ELM restoration.
The effect of different thickness scleral lens on corneal parameters in eyes with keratoconus
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Thomas Rinu , Mahadevan Rajeswari 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the impact of different-thickness scleral lenses (SLs) on corneal thickness, curvature, and fluid reservoir thickness in keratoconic eyes.

Methods:
Schiempflug imaging and AS-OCT was captured before and immediately following 6 h of SL wear. Different-thickness lenses were used while keeping the other parameters the same. The timing of the measurement for day 1 and day 2 was matched to allow for the control of the confounding influence of diurnal variation.

Results:
Immediately after 6 h of lens wear, no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) was noted in corneal edema in any region and quadrants between thin- and thick-lens wearers. The calculated percentage of corneal edema was also within the range of overnight closed eye physiological swelling. Pentacam measured higher central corneal thickness compared to AS-OCT in both baselines and after 6 h of lens wear. The current investigation reported minimal but not statistically significant (P > 0.05) flattening in anterior and steepening in posterior curvature parameters in both thin and thick SLs. The mean reduction in the fluid reservoir thickness was 80.00 ± 3.99 and 79.36 ± 3.84 microns after 6 h of thin- and thick-lens wear, respectively, which was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.67, P = 0.02) was found between lens thickness and change in anterior steep k with thick-lens wear.

Conclusion:
Central lens thickness of 200–400 mm did not cause any significant change in corneal curvature and fluid reservoir thickness and did not induce clinically significant corneal edema after short-term SL wear.
Role of amniotic membrane transplantation in treating acute ocular manifestations in Steven–Johnson syndrome and its long-term impact
Authors: Singh Prabhakar , Raj Amit , Gupta Abhishek , Pradhan Swetalina , Aftab Naila , Biswas Saranya 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Steven–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a serious disorder affecting the skin and mucous membrane, causing multiple flaccid bullae and purpuric rashes with sheet-like epithelial detachment including the ocular surface. The long-term outcomes following SJS are dismal and manifest as corneal vascularization, lid-wiper keratopathy, and severe dry eyes. The disease course can be modified if amniotic membrane graft is performed at the first week of disease, and the above-said complications can be avoided. This procedure thus not only decreases the morbidity but also improves the quality of life.

Purpose:
This video discusses the long-term sequelae of SJS which can be modified with timely intervention during the acute stage and thus significantly decreases morbidity.

Synopsis:
The video demonstrates the simple technique of amniotic membrane transplantation in the acute stage in SJS and its impact in long run.

Highlights:
There should be a low threshold for doing early amniotic membrane transplantation in patients with SJS with ocular surface involvement. Early intervention can change the disease course and decrease disease morbidity significantly.

Video link:

https://youtu.be/qgIiVcW56Oo

Key word: Amniotic membrane transplantation, chronic sequelae, SJS