bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair in the Wrong Place
Authors: Anand Raghvi , Kanagamuthu Priya 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
The preauricular sinus is a congenital abnormality which was initially identified by Van Heusinger in 1864. Preauricular sinus development is strongly related to the development of auricle in the sixth week of pregnancy. Preauricular sinus can be inherited or are sporadic. Most cases are sporadic and over half of all cases are unilateral. Bilateral cases are more frequent in inherited cases.

Case Report:
A 10 year old boy was brought with complaints of discharge from left pre auricular region on and off since birth. History of frequent episodes of discharge from left pre auricular region about 2-3 episodes per year. Local examination showed preauricular sinus tract at the root of helix on both sides. There was no discharge, no warmth, no tenderness. The child underwent necessary investigations and pre aneasthetic fitness was obtained. Pre auricular sinus tract excision on left side under general anasthesia was done. Multiple sinus tracts were excised and sent for histopathological examination which showed evidence of pilonidal sinus. There was presence of sinus tract line by epidermis, lumen filled with keratin and hair shafts. The child was brought for follow up on postoperative day 10, the sutured site was found to be healthy. Suture removal was done and the wound was healing well. The child is on regular follow up and has shown no signs of any recurrence.

Discussion:
The only definite treatment of recurrent infective sinuses is complete excision of the sinus tract. In our case, supra aural elliptical incision was placed and all visible sinus tracts were cleared and sent for histopathological analysis. When these sinuses get infected, most frequent cause being with gram-positive bacteria, the exudates should be sent for culture, and the appropriate antibiotics should be administered. The temporalis fascia, the cartilage of the helix, and the auditory canal are identified using the supra-auricular approach. An en bloc excision of the sinus is then carried out. Pilonidal sinus is a difficult condition that causes suffering and embarrassment to its victims. Despite it being rare and atypical, pilonidal sinus could also occur in the auricular region. Although pilonidal sinus has been reported in a number of uncommon areas of the body besides the sacrococcygeal region, this is the second case of pilonidal sinus that we are aware of in the preauricular region that is reported in literature.

Conclusion:
Thus we present a very rare case of pilonidal sinus in pre auricular region. Only two cases have been reported till date in literature and our case is the second one to be reported in the pre auricular region.
Alterations in Brain Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Perfusion Pattern Pre- and Post-Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Tinnitus Participants
Authors: Hekmat Sepideh , Hedayati Raheleh , Mahmoudian Saeid , Teimourinejad Fatemeh , Malek Hadi , Yaghoobi Nahid , Rastgoo Fereydoun , Firuzabadi Hassan , Kalantari Forough 
Published: November 2022

Background and Aim:
It have been shown that changes in organization of high stimulation related to tinnitus in special areas in brain can be eliminated using protocols based on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The current study aims to assess the pattern of brain perfusion and effects of TMS on brain activity in tinnitus participants as measured by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) as well as evaluate the efficacy of TMS on severity of tinnitus.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional randomized clinical trial, which was performed in 15 patients that referred to tinnitus clinic of Rasoul Akram Hospital during March 2017 to April 2018. These participant were randomly divided into two groups of active treatment with TMS and placebo. In each studied group, the variables of the brain perfusion, tinnitus handicap index (THI), pitch-matching test, loudness match of tinnitus, minimum masking level, and residual inhibition were investigated for all included tinnitus participants before and after TMS.

Results:
In all tinnitus participants, we had increased uptake in temporal lobes (unilateral or bilateral). In active treatment group, SPECT variables in hotspots were significantly decreased in comparison with placebo group (P < 0.05). Visual analog scale of tinnitus was significantly decreased in active group rather than placebo group (P = 0.023).

Conclusion:
Our findings showed that tinnitus patients have abnormal brain perfusion increased uptake in temporal lobes that decreased with treatment with TMS and therefore this modality could be an appropriate therapeutic option for the improvement of tinnitus in these patients and efficacy of therapy could assessed by brain perfusion scan as well.
Clinical, etiological profile and outcomes of convulsive refractory and non-refractory status epilepticus at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Gopaal Nishant , Bagri Dhan Raj , Sharma Jagdish Narayan 
Published: November 2022

Introduction:
Epidemiological data on childhood status epilepticus (SE) limited in India. This study depicts clinical profiles, etiology, and outcomes of convulsive refractory SE (RSE) and compares the results with cases of nonrefractory SE (NRSE).

Subjects and Methods:
This observational, cross-sectional study enrolled 300 children aged 1 month to 18 years, presenting with convulsive SE at a tertiary care hospital. Details of children who progressed to RSE were compared to those without RSE.

Results:
In the acute symptomatic etiology group, common causes for RSE were central nervous system infections (33.8%), cryptogenic etiology (13.8%), and remote symptomatic etiology (7%). RSE iwas associated with a higher rate of complications (58% Vs 24%) as compared to NRSE. Thirty percent of cases that progressed to RSE needed ventilator support as compared to only 8% of cases in the NRSE group. RSE was also associated with higher rates of shock (25%), AKI (16%), transaminitis (25%), acute liver failure (5.69%), multiple organ dysfunction score (12.6%), and acidosis (53%) as compared to NRSE. RSE was associated with higher mortality (28%) and morbidity (32%) as compared to NRSE cases. Cryptogenic etiology led to the highest mortality (33.3%) in cases of RSE while acute symptomology was associated with the highest morbidity (62%).

Conclusions:
RSE is a serious pediatric emergency that requires prompt recognition and management. Clinical knowledge and early administration of appropriate antiepileptic drugs at health-care facilities is the key to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Self-Reported Symptoms at Last Febrile Illness as a Predictor of Treatment-Seeking in Western Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Madera-Garcia Valerie , Coalson Jenna E. , Subelj Maja , Bell Melanie L. , Hayden Mary H. , Agawo Maurice , Munga Stephen , Ernst Kacey C. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
Timely treatment-seeking behavior can reduce morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases. Patterns of treatment-seeking behavior can differ by access to health care, and perceptions of disease severity and symptoms. We evaluated the association between self-reported symptoms at last illness and the level of treatment-seeking behaviors. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 1,037 participants from the lowlands and highlands of Western Kenya from 2015 using logistic regression models. There was considerable heterogeneity in the symptoms and treatment-seeking behaviors reported among individuals who were febrile at their last illness. A greater number of self-reported categories of symptoms tended to be associated with a higher likelihood of treatment-seeking in both sites. Participants were significantly more likely to seek treatment if they reported fever, aches, and digestive symptoms at last illness than just fever and aches or fever alone, but the frequency of treatment-seeking for fever in combination with aches and respiratory symptoms did not follow a consistent pattern. Among those who sought treatment, most used a formal source, but the patterns were inconsistent across sites and by the number of symptoms categories. Understanding the drivers of treatment-seeking behavior after febrile illness is important to control and treat infectious diseases in Kenya.
Longitudinal and Cross-sectional Analyses of Asymptomatic HIV-1/Malaria Co-infection in Kisumu County, Kenya
Authors: Oyieko Janet , Copeland Nathanial K. , Otieno Solomon , Kifude Carolyne , Ocholla Stephen , Hutter Jack , Smith Hunter , Roberds Ashleigh , Luckhart Shirley , Stewart V. Ann 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
Individuals infected with HIV-1 experience more frequent and more severe episodes of malaria and are likely to harbor asymptomatic parasitemia, thus potentially making them more efficient reservoirs of malaria. Two studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal) were designed in sequence between 2015–2018 and 2018–2020, respectively, to test the hypothesis that HIV-1 infected individuals have higher prevalence of asymptomatic parasitemia and gametocytemia than the HIV-1 negatives. This article describes the overall design of the two studies, encompassing data for the longitudinal study and additional data to the previously published baseline data for the cross-sectional study. In the cross-sectional study, HIV-1 positive participants were significantly older, more likely to be male, and more likely to have parasitemia relative to HIV-1 negatives (P < 0.01). In the longitudinal study, 300 participants were followed for 6 months. Of these, 102 were HIV-1 negative, 106 were newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive, and 92 were HIV-1 positive and on antiretroviral therapy, including antifolates, at enrollment. Overall parasitemia positivity at enrollment was 17.3% (52/300). Of these, 44% (23/52) were HIV-1 negative, 52% (27/52) were newly diagnosed HIV-1 positives, and only 4% (2/52) were HIV-1 positive and on treatment. Parasitemia for those on stable antiretroviral therapy was significantly lower (hazard ratio: 0.51, P < 0.001), compared with the HIV-1-negatives. On follow-up, there was a significant decline in parasitemia prevalence (hazard ratio: 0.74, P < 0.001) among the HIV patients newly initiated on antiretroviral therapy including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxasole. These data highlight the impact of HIV-1 and HIV treatment on asymptomatic parasitemia over time.
Phylogenetic Analysis of Wesselsbron Virus Isolated from Field-Captured Mosquitoes during a Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Kabale District, Uganda—2016
Authors: Kayiwa John T. , Mayanja Martin N. , Nakayiki Teddy Muwawu , Senfuka Fred , Mugga Julius , Koehler Jeffrey W. , Mossel Eric C. , Lutwama Julius J. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT.
After confirmation of two human cases of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in March 2016 in the Kabale district of Uganda, an entomological investigation was conducted with a focus on mosquito species composition and abundance of known and potential mosquito vector species, and virus testing to identify species most likely involved in Rift Valley fever virus transmission. This information could be used to forecast risk and facilitate improvement of prevention and response tools for use in preventing or controlling future outbreaks. From these collections, two virus isolates were obtained, one each from a pool of Aedes tricholabis and Ae. gibbinsi. Next-generation sequencing identified both isolates as Wesselsbron virus, family Flaviviridae, a neglected arbovirus of economic importance. These are the first reported Wesselsbron virus isolates from Uganda since 1966.
Visualization Strategy: An Effective Strategy to Teach Reading to Middle School Students
Authors: Damiri Adenan , Hastomo Tommy , Sari Yeti Aprita 
Published: November 2022

This research was conducted to know the influence of the Visualization Strategy on students' reading comprehension of recount text. This study aimed to identify and describe the impact of the Visualization Strategy on students' reading comprehension. The researchers utilized a quasi-experimental method in this study. There were 283 students in nine classes. Cluster Random Sampling Technique was used to collect the sample. The sample consisted of two classes, with the following details: the first class was an experimental class of 31 students, while the second class was a control class of 31 students. The primary technique of this research was a reading test in multiple choices, which consisted of 40 items with four options. In analyzing the data, the researchers used the t-test formula. The findings show that the Visualization Strategy impacted students' reading comprehension at SMP Negeri 32 Bandar Lampung in 2021/2022. It can be seen from the result that the mean score of post-test in the experimental class (84.42) is higher than the mean score of post-test in the control class (72.54). Therefore, using a visualization strategy as a learning model is more effective than a conventional strategy. On the other hand, the pre-test score in the experimental class is 67.42 before utilizing the visualization approach, and the mean score for the post-test in the experimental class is 84.42. It indicates Visualization Strategy had a beneficial impact on reading comprehension, so the students can improve their reading skills using this learning strategy
Keywords: Visualization Strategy, Reading Comprehension, Experimental Research
Primary versus secondary closure of stoma reversal skin wound: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Akbar Ismail , Javed Zanib , Batool Naila 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To compare the efficacy of primary versus secondary closure of stoma reversal skin wound in terms of wound infection.
Method: The study was conducted at Surgical B Unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from January 1 to December 31, 2020, and comprised adult patients of either gender undergoing stoma reversal. The patients were randomised into primary closure group A and secondary closure group B. Surgical procedure was similar in both the groups except the skin closure technique. In group A, skin was closed with interrupted polypropylene sutures, while in group B, wound was dressed with saline-soaked gauze daily using aseptic technique and was allowed to heal by secondary intention or delayed primary closure latter on. Postoperatively, the wound was assessed for infection till 30th postoperative day or complete wound healing. Data was analysed using SPSS 16.
Results: Of the 50 patients, 35(70%) were males and 15(30%) were females. The overall mean age was 28±1.65years. There were 25(50%) patients in each of the two groups. There were 19(76%) males and 6(24%) females in group A with a mean age of 32±2.8years. There were 16(64%) males and 9(36%) females in group B with a mean age of 23±3.5years. Overall, 10(20%) patients had wound-site infections; 9(36%) in group A versus 1(4%) in group B (p=0.005). Frequency of wound infection with respect to gender, type of stoma and length of hospital stay was not significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Secondary skin closure was found to be associated with significantly reduced wound infection rate after stoma reversal.
Clinical Trial Number: NCT04785404.
Link; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04785404
Key Words: Stoma reversal, Primary closure, Secondary closure, Wound infection, Ileostomy, Colostomy.
Ajaran tentang Pembenaran menurut Paulus dan Yakobus, serta Signifikansinya bagi Pemahaman Soteriologis
Authors: Tjhin Suyadi 
Published: November 2022

This article intends to provide Christian insight regarding the teachings of Paul's and James' justification, and its significance for Christian understanding. The main data of this research is literature study with qualitative methodology through Integrative Critical Analysis (ICA) approach, and descriptive exegesis analysis. The ICA's approach is carried out in connection with the many issues on this topic, for that it is analyzed according to context, doubted, justified, and looking for objectivity by referring to exegesis and descriptive Scripture. The results found by Paul and James are not contradictory, each writing is based on context, Paul writes because of the teachings (Judaism), James writes for Christians who claim to believe without deeds. Its significance is to remember that many Christians have non-Christian backgrounds before with the concept of salvation through good works; the existence of a church teaching salvation through faith plus spiritual gifts, sacraments, or rituals; a Christian person who knows salvation through faith but in certain circumstances doubts his salvation because of the feeling of the consequences of mistakes that occur in his life. AbstrakArtikel ini bermaksud memperlengkapi wawasan umat Kristiani berkenaan ajaran pembenaran Paulus maupun Yakobus, dan signifikannya bagi pemahaman umat Kristiani. Data utama penelitian ini ialah studi pustaka dengan metodologi kualitatif melalui pendekatan Integrative Critical Analysis (ICA), dan analisis deskriptif interpretatif. Pendekatan ICA dilaku-kan sehubungan banyaknya isu tentang topik ini, untuk itu dianalisis sesuai konteks, diragukan, dijustifikasi, dan mencari objektifitas dengan mengacu pada eksegesis dan deskripsi Alkitab. Hasil yang ditemukan Paulus dan Yakobus tidaklah kontradiktif, masing-masing menulis berdasarkan konteks, Paulus menulis karena adanya ajaran (Yudaisme), Yakobus menulis untuk umat Kristen yang mengklaim beriman tanpa adanya perbuatan. Signifikansinya ialah meng-ingat umat Kristiani banyak yang berlatarbelakang non Kristen sebelumnya dengan konsep keselamatan via perbuatan baik; adanya gereja mengajarkan keselamatan melalui iman plus karunia rohani, sakramen, atau ritual; pribadi umat Kristiani yang tahu keselamatan melalui iman namun dalam keadaan tertentu meragukan keselamatannya karena perasaan dari akibat kesalahan yang terjadi dalam hidupnya.
Pelayanan Holistik Melalui Strategi Entrepreneurship bagi Pertumbuhan Gereja Lokal
Authors: Budiyana Hardi , Arifianto Yonatan Alex 
Published: November 2022

Holistic ministry is a comprehensive Christian ministry, which emphasizes the balance between spiritual and physical ministry. Holistic ministry is a service that is carried out as a whole, through the preaching of the gospel that can answer human needs spiritually and physically. One of the strategies used in the ministry of evangelism is to present Entrepreneurship teaching in Theological Colleges. Through a qualitative approach to literature and descriptive methods, the results show that entrepreneurs can equip and develop businesses or work in service places to be more successful in overcoming various problems faced by God's servants and congregations. In conclusion, Entrepreneurship is given to students with the aim of empowering their abilities and skills to develop natural resource businesses. AbstrakPelayanan holistik merupakan pelayanan Kristen yang bersifat menyeluruh, yang menekankan keseimbangan antara pelayanan rohani dan jasmani atau fisik. Pelayanan holistik merupakan pelayanan yang dilakukan secara utuh, melalui pemberitaan Injil yang dapat menjawab kebutuhan manusia secara rohani dan jasmani. Salah satu strategi yang dipakai dalam pelayanan penginjilan adalah dengan menyajikan pengajaran Entrepreneurship di Pergu-ruan Tinggi Teologi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif literatur dan metode deskriptif, diperoleh hasil bahwa entrepreneur dapat membekali dan mengembangkan usaha atau kerja di tempat pelayanan agar lebih sukses dalam mengatasi berbagai masalah yang dihadapi oleh hamba Tuhan maupun jemaat. Kesimpulannya, Entrepreneurship diberikan kepada mahasiswa dengan tujuan memberdayakan kemampuan dan ketrampilan mengembangkan usaha sumber daya alam sekitar.
Canine-Assisted Intervention Effects on the Well-Being of Health Science Graduate Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kivlen Christine , Winston Kristin , Mills Dana , DiZazzo-Miller Rosanne , Davenport Rick , Binfet John-Tyler 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Importance: The mental health crisis among college graduate students requires cost-effective interventions to support the increasing number of students experiencing negative mental health symptoms.
Objective: To assess the effects of a canine-assisted intervention (CAI) on student well-being, including quality of life (QOL), stress, anxiety, occupational performance, and adjustment to the graduate college student role.
Design: Random assignment to a treatment or control group.
Setting: College campus.
Participants: A total of 104 college student participants were randomly assigned to either the treatment (n = 53) or control (n = 51) condition.
Intervention: Treatment consisted of 35-min weekly sessions over 6 wk.
Outcomes and Measures: QOL, stress, anxiety, and occupational role.
Results: An analysis of covariance revealed that, compared with participants in the control condition, participants who interacted with therapy dogs had significantly higher self-reports of QOL (p &lt; .001) and decreased anxiety scores (p &lt; .045). Within-subject paired t tests confirmed significant stress reductions for participants in the treatment condition (p &lt; .000). No significant differences in self-reports of occupational performance or in adjustment to the graduate college student role were found.
Conclusions and Relevance: These findings add to the body of literature attesting to the efficacy of CAIs in supporting student well-being and optimizing learning conditions. Moreover, this study demonstrated that graduate students in a professional program responded favorably to spending time with therapy dogs. Implications for CAIs and university mental health programming are discussed.
What This Article Adds: A CAI may be a valuable tool for students and young adults experiencing mental health challenges, such as stress, anxiety, and decreased QOL.
Understanding and Enhancing Occupational Therapists’ Use of Standard Family-Centered Measures
Authors: Gafni-Lachter Liat , Ben-Sasson Ayelet 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Importance: The use of standard family-centered measures (FCMs) is imperative to guide family-centered care (FCC) interventions and monitor their outcomes.
Objective: To measure the frequency of FCM use and evaluate the effectiveness of experiential learning and reflection to increase their use.
Design: Descriptive and two-group pre–post comparative training study.
Setting: Continuing education center.
Participants: Phase 1 included 145 health care providers. Phase 2 included 44 school-based occupational therapists who participated in Phase 1.
Intervention: Phase 2 participants enrolled in 30-hr FCC training that included a 2-hr workshop on FCM. One group (n = 22) conducted an FCM with a family and wrote a reflective report.
Outcomes and Measures: All participants completed the Measure of Processes of Care–Service Provider (MPOC–SP) questionnaire and reported how frequently they used FCMs.
Results: FCM use rates were low (50%, not at all; 26%, to a very small extent). The extent of FCC was correlated with FCM use (r = .24–.30, p &lt; .01). A Wilcoxon signed-rank test demonstrated that participants who administered an FCM with a family and reflected on this experience showed significant increases (Z = 176.0, p = .001) in FCM use compared with participants who were only instructed about available FCM. A Mann–Whitney U test confirmed the difference (U = 3.54, p = .012).
Conclusions and Relevance: FCM use is sparse, but experiential and reflective activities are simple keys to promoting FCC and integrating FCM into practice.
What This Article Adds: Training designers, educators, and managers should consider integrating experiential learning to enhance providers’ expertise and quality of care.