bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual responsiveness to a school‐based karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pinto‐Escalona Tania , Valenzuela Pedro L. , Martin‐Loeches Manuel , Martinez‐de‐Quel Oscar 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionSchool‐based sport interventions have shown beneficial effects on psychosocial functioning and academic performance in children. However, the inter‐individual variability in response to these types of interventions remains unclear. We aimed to determine which children benefit most from a school‐based sport intervention.MethodsThis is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial assessing the effects of a 1‐year school‐based karate intervention (versus “traditional” physical education lessons) in children (7–8 years) from twenty schools across five European countries. Outcomes included psychosocial functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ] for parents) and academic performance (grade point average). Only participants of the intervention group were included in the present ancillary analysis, and were categorized as responders or non‐responders for the analyzed outcomes attending to whether improvements surpassed a minimal clinically important difference.ResultsAbout 388 children (187 girls) from the intervention group completed the study, of which 17% and 46% were considered responders for SDQ and academic performance, respectively. Responders for the SDQ presented higher SDQ scores (i.e., higher psychosocial difficulties) at baseline than non‐responders (p < 0.001). Responders for academic performance were mostly males (p = 0.017), with an older age (p = 0.030), and with worse academic performance (p < 0.001) at baseline compared with non‐responders, and tended to present higher SDQ scores (p = 0.055). Responders for one outcome obtained greater benefits from the intervention on the other outcome (e.g., responders for SDQ improved academic performance [p < 0.001] compared with non‐responders).ConclusionsA school‐based sport intervention (karate) seems particularly effective for children with psychosocial difficulties and low academic performance.
BrABF3 promotes flowering through the direct activation of CONSTANS transcription in pak choi
Authors: Zhang Changwei , Zhou Qian , Liu Wusheng , Wu Xiaoting , Li Zhubo , Xu Yuanyuan , Li Ying , Imaizumi Takato , Hou Xilin , Liu Tongkun 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYDrought stress triggers the accumulation of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA), which in turn activates the expression of the floral integrator gene CONSTANS (CO), accelerating flowering. However, the molecular mechanism of ABA‐induced CO activation remains elusive. Here, we conducted a yeast one‐hybrid assay using the CO promoter from Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis (pak choi) to screen the ABA‐induced pak choi library and identified the transcription activator ABF3 (BrABF3). BrABF3, the expression of which was induced by ABA in pak choi, directly bound to the CO promoter from both pak choi and Arabidopsis. The BrABF3 promoter is specifically active in the Arabidopsis leaf vascular tissue, where CO is mainly expressed. Impaired BrABF3 expression in pak choi decreased BrCO expression levels and delayed flowering, whereas ectopic expression of BrABF3 in Arabidopsis increased CO expression and induced earlier flowering under the long‐day conditions. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay analysis showed that BrABF3 was enriched at the canonical ABA‐responsive element–ABRE binding factor (ABRE–ABF) binding motifs of the BrCO promoter. The direct binding of BrABF3 to the ABRE elements of CO was further confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR. In addition, the induction of BrCO transcription by BrABF3 could be repressed by BrCDF1 in the morning. Thus, our results suggest that ABA could accelerate the floral transition by directly activating BrCO transcription through BrABF3 in pak choi.
Effects of multifaceted interventions to prevent and manage primary postpartum haemorrhage in referral hospitals: a quasi-experimental study in Nigeria
Authors: Okonofua Friday Ebhodaghe , Ekezue Bola , Ntoimo Lorretta Favour Chizomam , Ekwo C , Ohenhen V , Agholor K , Igboin Brian , Imongan Wilson , Galadanci H , Ogu R 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionPrimary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of Nigeria’s high maternal mortality rate. This study investigated the effectiveness of a set of multifaceted interventions to manage and reduce PPH in selected secondary referral health facilities in Nigeria.MethodsThis is a quasi-experimental study using an interrupted time-series design to assess a set of multifaceted interventions that address factors identified by stakeholders as associated with PPH. Interventions were implemented at two regional general hospitals, with a general hospital in the same region as the control. Intervention participants were women during antepartum and clinical and administrative staff. Cases of PPH were determined in women at delivery. The outcomes measured were the incidence of primary PPH and related deaths during the study period. Analyses included a comparative description of characteristics of the women, trend of time-series data at intervention and control hospitals, and multivariable analysis of factors associated with PPH occurrence.ResultsMonthly numbers of primary PPH were collected at participating hospitals over 21 months for 18 181 women. Intervention hospitals represent 54% vs 46% in control hospitals. Time-series analyses show a significant downward trend in intervention hospitals. The overall incidence of primary PPH was lower in the intervention hospitals than in the control hospitals. Multilevel regression adjusted for hospital-level effect showed a 68% reduction in odds of PPH cases at intervention compared with control hospitals. There were 12 PPH-related maternal deaths in one of the control hospitals, with no deaths in the intervention hospitals.ConclusionWe conclude that multiple interventions that address identified challenges in the prevention of primary PPH can potentially effectively reduce reported primary PPH in Nigerian referral hospitals. This approach is relevant for scaling the development of policies and programmes to prevent primary PPH and maternal mortality in Nigeria.
A new optical model for photomultiplier tubes
Authors: Wang Yaoguang , Cao Guofu , Wen Liangjian , Wang Yifang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt is critical to construct an accurate optical model of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) in many applications to describe the angular and spectral responses of the photon detection efficiency (PDE) of the PMTs in their working media. In this study, we propose a new PMT optical model to describe both light interactions with the PMT window and optical processes inside PMTs with reasonable accuracy based on the optics theory and a GEANT4-based simulation toolkit. The proposed model builds a relationship between the PDE and the underlying processes that the PDE relies on. This model also provides a tool to transform the PDE measured in one working medium (like air) to the PDE in other media (like water, liquid scintillator, etc). Using two 20$$^{\prime \prime }$$

″

MCP-PMTs and one 20$$^{\prime \prime }$$

″

dynode PMT, we demonstrate a complete procedure to obtain the key parameters used in the model from experimental data, such as the optical properties of the antireflective coating and photocathode of the three PMTs. The proposed model can effectively reproduce the angular responses of the quantum efficiency of PMTs, even though an ideally uniform photocathode is assumed in the model. Interestingly, the proposed model predicts a similar level (20–30%) of light yield excess observed in the experimental data of many liquid scintillator-based neutrino detectors, compared with that predicted at the stage of detector design. However, this excess has never been explained, and the proposed PMT model provides a good explanation for it, which highlights the imperfections of PMT models used in their detector simulations.
First operation of undoped CsI directly coupled with SiPMs at 77 K
Authors: Ding Keyu , Liu Jing , Yang Yongjin , Chernyak Dmitry 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe light yield of a small undoped cesium iodide (CsI) crystal directly coupled with two silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) at about 77 Kelvin was measured to be$$43.0 \pm 1.1$$43.0±1.1 photoelectrons (PE) per keV electron-equivalent (keV$$_\text {ee}$$ee) usingXand$$\gamma $$γ-ray peaks from an$$^{241}$$241Am radioactive source from 18 to 60 keV. The high light yield together with some other technical advantages illustrate the great potential of this novel combination for neutrino and low-mass dark matter detection, particularly at accelerator-based neutrino sources, where random background can be highly suppressed by requiring coincident triggers between SiPMs and beam pulse timing signals. Some potential drawbacks of using cryogenic SiPMs instead of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) were identified, such as worse energy resolution and optical cross-talks between SiPMs. Their influence to rare-event detection was discussed and possible solutions were provided.
Apparent horizons of the Thakurta spacetime and the description of cosmological black holes
Authors: Kobakhidze Archil , Picker Zachary S. C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe discuss the validity of the Thakurta metric to describe cosmological black holes by analysing the nature of its horizon. By adopting the preferred foliation of the Thakurta spacetime associated with the Kodama time, we demonstrate that the Thakurta horizon is indeed a future outer trapping horizon. Therefore, the respective observers see it as a cosmological black hole, contrary to some claims in the literature.
Cylindrically symmetric and plane-symmetric solutions in f(R) theory via Noether symmetries
Authors: Öz Işıl Başaran , Bamba Kazuharu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe f(R) theory is considered for static cylindrically symmetric and plane-symmetric spacetimes. In order to find solutions to the field equations of these models, the Noether symmetry method is used. First, we examine the GR case for cylindrically symmetrical space-time with the $$w=-1$$

w
=
-
1

dark energy state. Then, with the assumption of $$f(R) = f_0R^n$$

f

(
R
)

=

f
0

R
n

, cases with matter and non-matter are examined and general solutions are determined for both space-times. Thus, it is shown that inclusive new solutions are obtained, considering the Noether symmetric conditions. In addition, the GR limit for each cases are examined.
Circular accelerator lattices with skew quadrupoles
Authors: Machida S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCircular accelerator lattices are usually confined in the horizontal plane. Optics design does not rely on the orbit in the vertical direction. Here we propose a circular accelerator lattice in which the orbit moves in both horizontal and vertical directions. Having another degree of freedom, flexibility of the optics increases with less constraints of the orbit, e.g. a zero momentum compaction factor lattice without reverse bending magnets or a negative dispersion function. As a possible application of the concept, a collider ring arc of a muon collider facility is illustrated.
Evolution and invariants of oscillator moments
Authors: Andrews Mark 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMoments are expectation values over wave functions (or averages over a set of classical particles) of products of powers of position and momentum. For the harmonic oscillator, the evolution in the quantum case is very closely related to that of the classical case. Here we consider the non-relativistic evolution of moments of all orders for the oscillator in one dimension and investigate invariant combinations of the moments. In particular, we find an infinite set of invariants that enable us to express the evolution of any moment in terms of sinusoids. We also find explicit expressions for the inverse of these relations, thus enabling the expression of the evolution of any moment in terms of the initial set of moments. More detailed attention is given to moments of the third and fourth order in terms of the invariant combinations.
The Development of Interdental Consonants in the Neo-Aramaic Dialects of the Aqra Region
Authors: Al-Zebari Aziz Emmanuel Eliya , Khan Geoffrey 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper is a study of the reflexes of historically interdental consonants in the Neo-Aramaic dialects spoken in the region of Aqra in northern Iraq. These dialects can be classified broadly into those of the villages lying to the north of the Aqra mountain and those of the inhabitants of the region to the south of the mountain. It is shown that there are a wide range of reflexes in the various dialects of this region. Moreover, within individual dialects there is some degree of variation in the reflexes. Most of these can be explained as the result of articulatory phonetic processes. Some of the variations give us insight into the historical layering of the reflexes. There are a few cases of variation that are likely to be the result of dialect mixing.
Russia and the Greek-Catholics of Syria
Authors: Gerd Lora 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the 1840s the Russian government for the first time made steps toward systematical use of religious and cultural diplomacy in its Middle East policy. The mission of Porfirii Uspenskii to Syria in 1843–44 was aimed at gathering information on the state of the Orthodox Church and education, and was at the same time fruitful for reconverting Uniates to Orthodoxy. The joining of Bishop Makarios of Amida to the Patriarchate of Antioch in 1846 marked similar actions in the future decades. Porfirii elaborated a strategy of relationship with the non-Orthodox Christians of the Orient, which was used as a means of ‘soft power’ by Russia until the First World War. The article argues that in the conditions of competition as part of the Eastern Question, the Russian government was looking for new methods of church policy and paid special attention to converting the Greek Catholics and other non-Orthodox communities into Orthodoxy.
Urban Cycling Mobility in the European Green Deal
Authors: Monti Alessandro 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The European Green Deal aims at achieving a 90% reduction in transport emissions by 2050. To this end, it sets forth a Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy, providing a roadmap for the reduction of transport-related emissions. Investments in alternative fuels, electric cars and the renewal of public transport fleets rank high on the agenda. On the contrary, comparatively less attention is devoted to the promotion of cycling mobility, despite the well-demonstrated benefits of increasing the cyclability of urban areas. Such benefits encompass, on one hand, substantial environmental improvements that would arise from the replacement of motorized transport with human-powered forms of mobility, in terms of both ghg emissions reduction and air quality improvement. On the other hand, investing in cycling mobility also has important health and social co-benefits, for instance in terms of prevention of cardiovascular diseases and economic affordability. Against this background, this paper examines whether, and how, the policy framework laid out in the European Green Deal can drive the growth of cycling mobility in European cities. The paper is structured as follows. First, it introduces the concept of cycling mobility, focusing in particular on its environmental and economic benefits. Then, it turns to an analysis of cycling mobility policies in the EU law, with special focus on the European Green Deal. Lastly, it explores how the EU normative framework can be strengthened in order to enhance the promotion of urban cycling mobility.
Emerging Land Use Challenges and Overlapping Interests in a Remote Community
Authors: Kuklina Maria , Kuklina Vera , Krasnoshtanova Natalia , Kobylkin Dmitrii , Rasputina Elena , Batotsyrenov Eduard , Trufanov Andrey 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Okinskiy district of Buryatia is characterised by the entanglement of heterogeneous economies formed by the global demand for gold and jade, the remnants of Soviet planning systems at the local and municipal levels, traditional Soyot and Buryat land use practices and nascent adventure and recreational tourist flows. In a situation where most of the economic and social relations remain informal and rarely captured in the official documents, landscapes become the visible marker of the changing, intersecting and sometimes conflicting interests of these actors. In this paper, we analyse and juxtapose social and landscape data to examine how these relations are manifested in the land cover, which is a valuable proxy for studies of landscapes in a situation of remoteness. Using interviews and observations, we collected and analysed data on pertinent social, cultural and professional ties and examined local land-use practices and diverse economic interests during fieldwork in August 2020. The analysis of forest change was carried out using statistical and forest plan data, and a land-cover map was created using Landsat satellite images from 2020. The resulting map illustrates preservation of a traditional way of life in the form of seasonal migration infrastructure which includes summer pastures with summer houses and informal roads connecting them with settlements. However, multi-temporal maps with field data validation are needed to support more detailed accounts of change captured in the interviews.
Review of Outcomes of Low Verses Standard Pressure Pneumoperitoneum in Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Saway John P. , McCaul Megan , Mulekar Madhuri S. , McMahon Daniel P. , Richards William O. 
Published: April 2022

Background Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy changes cardiorespiratory physiology and contributes to post-op pain. We studied outcomes before and after implementing low-pressure pneumoperitoneum QI project. Methods Forty-two patients were insufflated at standard pressures (15 mmHg) while 41 were insufflated using low (8-12 mmHg) during laparoscopic procedures. These variables were obtained from the patient chart: pain scores, intravenous morphine milligram equivalents (MME), peak inspiratory pressures (PIP), end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), surgery duration, and patient demographics. The study was conducted after IRB approval. Results Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum is feasible and the surgeon can increase to 10-12 mmHg as needed. The mean post-op IV MME was significantly decreased in the low-pressure group (11.75 ± 10.41) compared to the standard pressure group (17.36 ± 18.1) (t-test, P = .047). Mean peak inspiratory pressures during insufflation were significantly higher for procedures conducted at standard pressure (31.40 ± 4.82) compared to the 8 mmHg (24.68 ± 4.19) and 12 mmHg (27.33± 3.85) low pressure groups (one-way ANOVA, P < .0001). During insufflation, there was a significant increase in the average EtCO2 in the standard pressure group (42.07 ± 5.60) compared to the 8 mmHg low pressure group (37.59 ± 5.05) (ANOVA, P = .0096). Constant flow insufflation was more likely to be performed at low pressure than demand mode (58% v. 33%). Conclusion Low pressure pneumoperitoneum decreases PIP pressure and CO2 absorption evidenced by lower ETCO2 intra-operatively. Patients have significant improvement in postoperative pain evidenced by decreased narcotics needed. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum using a constant flow insufflator is safe and results in improved patient outcomes.
Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support in Cardiogenic Shock due to ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Analysis of the National Readmissions Database
Authors: Briasoulis Alexandros , Kampaktsis Polydoros , Emfietzoglou Maria , Kuno Toshiki , Van den Eynde Jef , Ntalianis Argyrios , Duque Ernesto Ruiz , Malik Aaqib H 
Published: April 2022

Despite advances in temporary mechanical circulatory support (TMCS), in-hospital mortality and morbidity related to cardiogenic shock due to ST elevation myocardial infarction (CS-STEMI) are highly prevalent. We identified admissions with CS-STEMI between 2016 and 2019 from the National Readmission Database (NRD). Among 80 997 patients with CS-STEMI, we identified 42,139 without TMCS, while the remaining received various types of TMCS (Extra corporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO] alone: n = 753; Intra-aortic balloon pump [IABP] alone: n = 27 556; Impella alone: n = 9055; ECMO with IABP or Impella: n = 1494). 30-day readmission rates did not differ among groups, whereas 90-day readmissions were higher among those with combined ECMO and IABP or Impella support ( P = .027). In-hospital mortality and complications including hemodialysis, transfusion, and stroke were the highest in the Impella and combined ECMO and IABP/Impella groups. Heart failure was the most common cause of readmission. Multivariable logistic regression revealed female gender, diabetes, prior myocardial infarction, heart failure, chronic kidney, and peripheral artery disease as risk factors for 90-day readmissions. Our study unveiled several important factors associated with readmission and mortality related to TMCS in CS-STEMI. Approaches to identify and prevent readmissions by addressing these factors may lead to lower morbidity, healthcare cost related to readmission, and improved quality of life.
Systematic Review of Common Refractory Symptoms in the End-Of-Life Situation and Its Relation With Euthanasia
Authors: Lucena Alba , Yuguero Oriol 
Published: April 2022

Aim To analyse the available evidence regarding refractory symptoms to treatment in patients receiving palliative/terminal healthcare. Design A systematic review of various databases between September and December 2020; Pubmed; Cochrane; Scopus and ScienceDirect. Study eligibility criteria: Studies published between 1st January 2015 and 31st of March 2020, in Spanish, English or Catalan conducted in elderly people or terminal patients. The study included systematic reviews, clinical trials and interventions. Results The search returned 782 articles, of which 22 articles were finally reviewed. Of the selected articles, 16 were systematic reviews and three were clinical trials. Three refractory symptoms are notable; breathlessness, delirium and existential suffering. There are various therapeutic approaches for the first two symptoms, but palliative sedation seems to be most effective for existential suffering. Conclusions Although palliative care enables controlling these symptoms effectively, and following a multidisciplinary approach, there remains a group of patients for whom euthanasia could save foreseeable suffering that is difficult to manage.