bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia-induced reprogramming of glucose-dependent metabolic pathways maintains the stemness of human bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells
Authors: Lin Dongni , Yan Kaihao , Chen Lingyun , Chen Junxiong , Xu Jianing , Xie Zhijing , Li Zhujun , Lin Shuo , Li Jinghuan , Chen Zhenzhou 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that hypoxia is benefit for maintaining the stemness of cultured human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but the mechanism is still unclear. Growing evidences suggest that cellular metabolism plays an important role in regulating stem cell fate and self-renewal. Here we aimed to detect the changes of glucose metabolism and to explore its role on maintaining the stemness of EPCs under hypoxia. We identified the metabolic status of EPCs by using extracellular flux analysis, LC-MS/MS, and 13C tracing HPLC-QE-MS, and found that hypoxia induced glucose metabolic reprogramming, which manifested as increased glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), decreased tricarboxylic acid (TCA) and mitochondrial respiration. We further pharmacologically altered the metabolic status of cells by employing various of inhibitors of key enzymes of glycolysis, PPP, TCA cycle and mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC). We found that inhibiting glycolysis or PPP impaired cell proliferation either under normoxia or hypoxia. On the contrary, inhibiting pyruvate oxidation, TCA or ETC increased cell stemness under normoxia mimicking hypoxic conditions. Moreover, promoting pyruvate oxidation reverses the maintenance effect of hypoxia on cell stemness. Although hypoxia decreased mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level, the total ATP level remained unchanging, indicating that energy production does not play a major role in this process. Taken together, our data suggest that hypoxia induced glucose metabolic reprogramming maintains the stemness of EPCs, and artificial manipulation of cell metabolism can be an effective way for regulating the stemness of EPCs, thereby improving the efficiency of cell expansion in vitro.
A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of type Ⅳ collagen 7S for the staging of liver fibrosis in NAFLD
Authors: Honda Yasushi , Yoneda Masato , Kobayashi Takashi , Iwaki Michihiro , Kawamura Nobuyoshi , Nogami Asako , Kessoku Takaomi , Ogawa Yuji , Tomeno Wataru , Imajo Kento , Horita Nobuyuki , Saito Satoru , Kaneko Takeshi , Nakajima Atsushi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of type Ⅳ collagen 7S (T4C7S) concentration for the staging of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science Core Collection databases for studies of the accuracy of T4C7S for the staging of fibrosis using Fibrosis stage (F) 0–4 in patients with NAFLD diagnosed by liver biopsy. Nine articles describing 1,475 participants with NAFLD were included. For fibrosis ≥ F1, with n = 849, summary estimates of sensitivity of 0.79, specificity of 0.69, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 were obtained using a median T7C4S cut-off value of 4.6. For fibrosis ≥ F2, with n = 1,090, summary estimates of sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.78, and AUC of 0.84 were obtained using a median cut-off value of 4.9. For fibrosis ≥ F3, with n = 1,311 participants and a median cut-off value of 5.4, a pooled sensitivity of 0.82, specificity of 0.81, and AUC of 0.83 were obtained. For fibrosis ≥ F4, with n = 753 and a median cut-off value of 6.6, a pooled sensitivity of 0.85, specificity of 0.81, and AUC of 0.85 were obtained. T4C7S concentration was found to be an accurate method of staging liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Development of Agrobacterium-mediated in planta transformation method through coleoptile in rice
Authors: Ho Un-Hyang , Song Sam-Rang , Choe Yong-Il , Pak Myong-Hyok , Kim Mi-Hyang , Kim Kang , Ho Tong-Su 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Genetic modification of rice is mainly carried out by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of callus accompanied by tissue culture. It is time consuming, laborious and useless for cultivars that are unable to induce callus. In this paper, we report a novel gene transfer to pull out primary leaf followed by infection of shoot apical meristem in the coleoptile with Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA105 culture harboring pCAMBIA1301-RD29A-AtDREB1A. Primary leaves were pulled out from rice seedlings grown in Petri dishes and soil conditions, and Agrobacterium culture were injected into the coleoptile with a micro syringe. Treated plants were co-cultured in dark condition for 48 hours and washed. These plants were regenerated into transgenic plants, and the transgene was transferred to the next generation, the transgenic plants exhibited tolerance to cold stress. This gene transfer through rice coleoptile is a simple, efficient and cultivar-free method that does not require tissue culture.
Related Neural Networks Underlie Suppression of Emotion, Memory, Motor Processes as Identified by Data-Driven Analysis
Authors: Hunt Karisa June , Knight Lindsay K. , Depue Brendan E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Goal-directed behavior benefits from self-regulation of cognitive and affective processes, such as emotional reactivity, memory retrieval, and prepotent motor response. Dysfunction in self-regulation is a common characteristic of many psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD and ADHD. This study sought to determine whether common intrinsic connectivity networks (ICNs; i.e., dorsal attention network) are involved in the regulation of emotion, motor, and memory and if a data-driven approach using independent components analysis (ICA) would successfully identify such ICNs that contribute to inhibitory regulation. Methods: Eighteen participants underwent neuroimaging while completing an emotion regulation (ER) task, a memory suppression (think/no-think; TNT) task, and a motor inhibition (stop signal; SS) task. ICA (CONN; MATLAB) was conducted on the neuroimaging data from each task and corresponding components were selected across-task based on interrelated patterns of activation. Subsequently, ICNs were correlated with behavioral performance variables from each task. Results: ICA indicated a common medial prefrontal network, striatal network, and frontoparietal executive control network, as well as down-regulation in task-specific ROIs.Conclusions: These results illustrate that common ICNs were exhibited across three distinct inhibitory regulation tasks, as successfully identified through a data-driven approach (ICA).
Co-designing a digital health tool to deliver occupational health and safety strategies for sex workers
Authors: Bernier Thérèse , Ross Lori E , Logie Carmen H , Seto Emily 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: For the past twenty-five years, sex workers have been using Information and Communication Technologies, such as the Internet, websites, emails, blogs, texting, mobile phones, and social media, to receive and exchange occupational health and safety information. However, previous research has indicated that sex workers would prefer to use a sex worker-only digital occupational health and safety tool, designed by sex workers for sex workers. By forming an alliance with technologists and researchers, sex workers can design a digital platform that can meet their occupational health and safety needs by using a collaborative and participatory approach known as co-design. Objective: In applying the practice of co-design to create a digital prototype, we sought to answer the following research question “What are the core components of a digital tool that will enable the delivery of occupational health and safety strategies for sex workers?” Methods: Using the Auckland District Health Board of New Zealand's Health Service Co-design framework, three co-design sessions were held. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the three co-design sessions for this study were held virtually. Results: A total of 6 sex workers from 4 Eastern Canadian cities participated in 3 co-design sessions. During the first session, journey mapping, participants sketched out their stories by discussing their experiences using various digital tools (e.g., group chats) to exchange safety tips. In the second session, participants used outputs from the first session to further discuss their needs and develop scenarios, sketching the steps they would take to access a digital occupational health and safety resource. During the third session, participants used outputs from the prior sessions to formulate the core components of the digital tool. The resulting prototype, a website participants named SWanswers (Sex Work answers), was comprised of 6 core components: regional bad date resources, the work of sex work, supplies, STI information and education, sexual health, and harm reduction services. Conclusion: Findings from the co-design approach employed in this study could help guide sex workers, academics, and technologists when collaborating on digital health endeavours.
A1 adenosine receptor activation inhibits P2X3 receptor-mediated ATP currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Hao Jia-Wei , Qiao Wen-Long , Li Qing , Wei Shuang , Li Xue-Mei , Liu Ting-Ting , Qiu Chun-Yu , Hu Wang-Ping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purinergic signaling is involved in multiple pain processes. P2X3 receptor is a key target in pain therapeutics, while A1 adenosine receptor signaling plays a role in analgesia. However, it remains unclear whether there is a link between them in pain. The present results showed that the A1 adenosine receptor agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) concentration-dependently suppressed P2X3 receptor-mediated and α,β-methylene-ATP (α,β-meATP)-evoked inward currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. CPA significantly decreased the maximal current response of α,β-meATP, as shown a downward shift of its concentration-response curve. The CPA-induced suppression was independent on the clamping-voltageof the membrane. Inhibition of ATP currents by CPA was completely prevented by the A1 adenosine receptor antagonist KW-3902, and disappeared after the intracellular dialysis of either the Gi/o-protein inhibitor pertussis toxin, the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, or the cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP. Morover, CPA suppressed the membrane potential depolarization and action potential burst induced by α,β-meATP in DRG neurons. Finally, CPA relieved α,β-meATP-induced nociceptive behaviors in rats by activating peripheral A1 adenosine receptors in dose-dependent manner. These results indicated that CPA inhibited P2X3 receptor activity in rat primary sensory neurons by activating A1 adenosine receptors, Gi/o-proteins and intracellular cAMP signaling, revealing a novel peripheral mechanism underlying its analgesic effect.
Mechanisms of Cynarine for treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on the Integration of Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Cell Experiment
Authors: Sun CHhunyong , Yang Le-Le , Zhao Pan , Yan Pei-Zheng , Li Jia , Zhao Dong-Sheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a chronic Liver Disease prevalent all over the world. It has become more and more common in Japan, China and most western developed countries. The global prevalence rate is 25.24%, and the trend is increasing year by year. So, this study to systematically predict and analyze the mechanism of Cynarine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on the integration of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and cell experiment. Methods: We performed Heatmap and Venn diagram analyses to identify genes and targets in Cynarine treat NAFLD. The network of Cynarine-therapeutic targets and the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed .We used gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses to visualize associated functional pathways.The Sybyl tool was used to dock the Cynarine with key therapeutic targets molecularly. Finally, cell experiments were applied to validate the role of Cynarine in the treatment of NAFLD. Results: The Cynarine could act on 48 targets of NAFLD, and the role of CASP3, TP53, MMP9, ELANE, NOTCH1 were more important. The PPI network showed that immune and inflammation-related targets played a pivotal role. The KEGG analysis found that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cell cycle and MAPK signaling pathway may be the main pathways for Cynarine to prevent and treat NAFLD. Molecular docking studies confirmed that Cynarine has good binding activity with therapeutic targets. Cynarine reduced the fat deposition ability of NAFLD model cells, and effectively reduced the levels of ALT and AST released by liver cells due to excessive lipid accumulation. We also found that Cynarine inhibited the expression of AKT1 and MAPK1.Conclusions: This study revealed that Cynarine could significantly reduce the fat deposition ability of NAFLD model cells, which may be closely related to the effective regulation of AKT1 and MAPK1 expression by Cynarine.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Coastal Andhra, India
Authors: Manem Sai Sunil Kishore , Karri Vijay Krishna , Vantaku Rahul , Garuda Rama , tripathy anita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report the presentation and clinical course of 104 children, who had Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) during the study period. Out of them, 52 (50%) required respiratory support. Among those who required respiratory support 13 (12%) children required invasive ventilation, 11 (10.5%) children could be managed with noninvasive ventilation, whereas 28 (27%) children required supplemental oxygen. 18 (17%) children had signs of myocarditis and left ventricular dysfunction. 12 (11.5%) children had pulmonary edema and Coronary artery dilatation was present in 4(4%) cases. Steroids were used as main stay of therapy. Low dose intravenous Methylprednisolone was administered to72(69%); pulse dose methylprednisolone was administered to 12 (12%) children. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) administered to 20(19%) children. Among the study group, 103 children survived and one child expired (0.96%).
ESPL is elevated in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Predicts Prognosis
Authors: Song Rui , Huang Jun-Tao , Yang Cheng-Lei , Li Yuan-Kuan , Zhan Guo-Hua , Xiang Bang-De 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 (ESPL1) are associated with malignant biological behaviors in several tumors. Nevertheless, the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ESPL1 has not yet been confirmed. The objective of this paper is to analyze the molecular function together with the prognosis value of ESPL1 in HCC.Methods: Firstly, we conducted next-generation sequencing on 121 HCC tissues and 119 normal adjacent normal tissues and collected clinicopathological and genetic data of HCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Secondly, we verified the ESPL1 expression in another twenty pairs of HCC specimens by qRT-PCR. Subsequently, the prognostic value of ESPL1 was investigated through Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Finally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to define ESPL1-related co-expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were used to analyze the process and pathway of ESPL1 in HCC. The prognostic value for the hub genes was explored through joint effect survival analysis.Results: RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR data showed that raised ESPL1 in HCC tissues relative to normal tissues (P<0.001). Clinically, ESPL1 (HR=2.004, 95%CI=1.072-3.743, P=0.032), tumor size (HR=2.468, 95%CI=1.137-5.354, P=0.021) and advanced BCLC stage (HR=1.956, 95%CI=1.037-3.692, P=0.038) were independent prognostic factors for poor OS; ESPL1 ((HR=1.653, 95%CI=1.032-2.645, P=0.036) and advanced BCLC stage (HR=2.217, 95%CI=1.348-3.646, P=0.002) were independent prognostic factors for poor RFS. WGCNA showed the top 10 co-expressed genes associated with ESPL1 were GTSE1, KIF18B, BUB1B, GINS1, PRC1, KIF23, KIF18A, TOP2A, NEK2 and FANCD2. Enrichment analysis indicated that ESPL1 and its co-expression genes might be involved in the cell cycle and cell division of HCC. The joint effect survival analysis suggested that the mortality rate of HCC patients with all high expression of ESPL1, GTSE1, BUB1B, PRC1, KIF23, and TOP2A was approximately 3.37 times higher than that of patients with all low expression. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that infiltration by B cells, dendritic cells, and Treg cells were positively associated with ESPL1.Conclusion: Our outcomes exhibit that ESPL1 might be associated with immunosuppression and probably is an effective prognostic indicator in HCC patients.
Early detection of tongue cancer using a convolutional neural network and evaluation of the effectiveness of EfficientNet
Authors: Lee Sung-Jae , Kwon Ik-Jae , Son Young-Don , Kim Jong-Hoon , Lee Min-Sun , Kwon Dohyun , Song Eun-Sun , Kim Bongju , Lee Jong-Ho , Kim Hang-Keun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
ObjectivesEarly detection of oral cancer is critical because the survival rate is reported to be 90%, whereas 45.5% for advanced oral cancer occur with neck metastasis. This study assessed the detection potential of oral tongue cancer and precancerous lesions using a convolutional neural network (CNN) and evaluated the effectiveness of EfficientNet in a situation with limited datasets.Materials and Methods1,810 tongue images organized into four categories (malignant tumors, precancerous lesions, benign or inflammatory lesions, and normal) were used for model training. Data augmentation, transfer learning, and fine-tuning have been used to overcome the problems associated with limited datasets. Also, the weight balancing method was introduced to mitigate class imbalance by assigning different weights to each class. VGG16, Inception-ResNet-V2, and EfficientNet models were used and compared to each other.ResultsThis study evaluated the possibility of detecting tongue cancer and precancerous lesions using CNN. The final model achieved an accuracy of 0.9167, a precision of 0.9212, a recall of 0.9167, and an F2 score of 0.9176 with the test dataset.ConclusionsOur proposed model can detect potential oral cancer and precancerous lesions. EfficientNet was effective through data augmentation and weight balancing in detecting the tongue lesions with a limited dataset. The results of this study may help patients and general practitioners in tongue lesion diagnosis.Clinical relevanceIn many cases, tongue cancer is initially confused with glossitis, even by general practitioners. Thus, screening of tongue cancer/precancerous lesions through an artificial neural network will help detect tongue cancer early.
Prediction model for prolonged length of stay in hip fracture patients
Authors: Yu Jian , Cao Hong , Li XueJiao , Chang YaRu , Li Yue , Guo HongYu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The length of hospital stay in hip fracture patients is closely associated with medical costs, the burden of which is increasing in aging societies. Herein, we developed and validated models for predicting prolonged length of stay in hip fracture patients to support efficient care in these patients. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing hip fracture from January 2019 to December 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between risk factors and delayed discharge after hip fracture . Finally, the risk factors obtained from the multivariate regression analysis were used to establish the nomogram model. The validation of the nomogram was assessed by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curves. Results: A total of 684 patients were included in the present study for evaluation. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that bone traction, pneumonia, second fracture, multiple trauma, venous thrombosis, pulmonary infection and ACCI were independent risk factors for delayed discharge after hip fracture. The C-index of this model was 0.794 (95% CI, 0.744-0.844). Internal validation proved the nomogram model’s adequacy and accuracy, and the results showed that the predicted value agreed well with the actual values. Conclusions: Our prediction models may help policymakers in developing strategies for the optimal management of hip fracture patients with a focus on patients at a high risk of prolonged length of stay.
The effect of space debris on near-Earth space
Authors: Ahmed Ali M. , Shehab Russel Mohemmed , Omran Zainab Hassan , Taha Safa Yaseen , Temur Assel A. , Aleiwi Jalal Jabbar , Jihad Mustafa A , qasim Haytham Bashar , Rahmah Muntadher I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The research describes the effect of space debris on near-Earth space in order to reveal the concept of space debris composition and origin of debris, to determine the effect of space debris on space orbital flights by discussing the spatial distribution of debris, the Collisions of spacecraft with debris and their consequences, the probability of collisions of spacecraft with debris, and Measures to limit debris contamination of near-Earth space. Also, the expected consequences of debris contamination of space and the Earth have been identified in this research as the frequency of dangerous encounters between debris and vehicles will almost double. By 2059, this figure will quadruple. If we translate this prediction into absolute numbers, it turns out that in 2019 satellites and space debris converged 20 thousand times a week, and in 2059–50 thousand. Now the number of such events is about 13 thousand per week. The need to track hazards and ensure evasive maneuvers will significantly increase the cost of space missions. The research describes the ways to remove space debris from orbit by using jet propulsion devices (both high and low thrust), aerodynamic braking means, Collection of artificial objects using special spacecraft and their subsequent withdrawal, and using a solar sail.
Research and Development of Multi-axis CNC Abrasive Belt-Grinding Machine Postprocessor
Authors: Qiao Hu , Wei Zhenxing , Deng Ruixiang , Xu Tianhang , Xiang Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Multi-axis CNC abrasive belt grinding machine is an essential piece of equipment for processing the turbofan engine fan blades. The quality of blades determines whether engine performance can be further improved. As one of the important means to ensure the blade quality, the measurement of the blade is still in the stage of manually hand-held measurement, and it is urgent to introduce digital and intelligent means to improve this situation. In order to make the overall process of blade grinding and measurement digital and intelligent and make the CNC belt grinding machine integrated into the intelligent manufacturing system, its core is to upgrade the grinding machine by installing intelligent devices for the grinding machine. The primary premise of the upgrade is to reconstruct the post-processing system of the machine tool. Therefore, this article established a multi-axis CNC abrasive belt-grinding machine’s precise geometry assembly model, developed the post-process module based on the machine kinematics chain, established and validated a virtual grinding machine virtual simulation environment, and completed the experimental verification with a specific type of wide string hollow fan blade. The experimental results show the correctness and effectiveness of the post-processing module and the virtual simulation environment. The work of this paper provides an essential platform for the subsequent upgrade of the grinder and the installation of an in-machine measurement system.