bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chinese Translation and Measurement of the Heart Failure Needs Assessment Questionnaire in Mainland China
Authors: Mei Qian , Yang Xiaoli , Zhang Jingwen , Xiang Xiancheng , Liu Xinyang , Cheng Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe management of heart failure in patients presents a significant challenge to global public health, marked by an increase in unaddressed needs due to the extended deterioration of health. It is crucial to conduct comprehensive assessments of patients with heart failure, thereby providing personalized care.The purpose of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate the Needs Assessment Questionnaire for people with heart failure in Mainland China and to evaluate its reliability and validity within a population of people with heart failure.A cohort of 246 individuals diagnosed with heart failure was recruited from two medical facilities in China during the period from January 2023 to June 2023. The scale was translated into Chinese using the forward post‐translation technique, followed by an evaluation of its reliability and validity. Descriptive statistics, content validity assessment, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were utilized for validation. Internal consistency, split‐half reliability, and test‐retest reliability assessments were conducted to assess overall reliability.The Chinese version of the Heart Failure Needs Assessment Questionnaire consists of 4 dimensions and 30 items. The Cronbach α coefficient of the overall scale was 0.90. In the validation factor analysis, the model fit results were χ2/df = 2.259, CFI = 0.933, IFI = 0.933, TLI = 0.927, RMSEA = 0.072, all of which fell within acceptable ranges.The HFNAQ demonstrates strong reliability and validity in assessing the unmet needs of patients with heart failure.
Experimental and numerical investigation on the tensile performances of bonded/bolted hybrid CFRP‐AL joints
Authors: Mu Wenlong , Zhang Shikun , Li Shijie , Chen Liangyu , Chen Hongli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractReasonably designed hybrid joints can combine the advantages of both adhesively bonded and bolted joints, and have potential application value in improving the bearing capacity of the joint and ensuring structural safety. However, the failure behavior and damage mechanism of multi‐materials hybrid joints are not fully understood. In this paper, the mechanical performances of bonded, bolted, and hybrid CFRP‐aluminum alloy joints under tensile load were investigated using experiment and simulation methods. Based on the quasi‐static tensile test and fractography analysis, the mechanical behavior and damage mechanism of the three kinds of joints were studied, and the effects of hybrid effects were analyzed. The results demonstrated that there is no obvious co‐bearing effect between the adhesive layer and the bolt within the hybrid joint. Instead, a sequential load transfer behavior was observed. The hybrid joint showed more severe damage compared with the bolt joint, especially the CFRP delamination. Furthermore, a numerical model based on continuous damage mechanics (CDM) was established, the LaRC05 initial failure criterion and linear damage evolution were implemented to predict composite intra‐laminar failure, and the cohesive zone model (CZM) was used to simulate the inter‐laminar delamination and adhesive layer fracture. The model considers in situ effect, shear nonlinearity, and employs the selective parabola algorithm to improve computing efficiency. The comparison between experiment and simulation reveals that the model can accurately predict the mechanical performances of joints and capture the various failure modes.Highlights
The performances of bonded, bolted, and hybrid CFRP‐aluminum alloy joints.
The CDM model of CFRP includes LaRC05 criterion and stiffness degradation.
Effect of damage constitutive models on the failure simulation of CFRP.
Damage evolution and failure modes of three types of joints.
Modified pistachio shell waste: Structure, chemical interaction, and viscoelastic performance in biopolymer composites‐based starch
Authors: Romero‐Ceron Zurishadai , Flores‐Silva Pamela C. , Saucedo‐Salazar Esmeralda , Gallardo‐Vega Carlos , Hernandez‐Gamez Francisco , Hernandez‐Hernandez Ernesto , Sifuentes‐Nieves Israel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis work was focused on the changes in structural features of the pistachio shell (PS) waste upon alkaline and ultrasound treatment and their potential as sustainable reinforcement fillers in starch‐based films (SF). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed etching, thinning, and cavities on the surface of PS after alkaline/ultrasound treatment, which allowed the NaOH species to act internally on the microstructure of PS, promoting the alteration of the functional groups CO and CO of hemicellulose and lignin molecules, as well as an increment on their crystallinity index from 31.41% to 46.91%. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was used to identify the oxidation mechanism after modified PS was added to a starch matrix. The atomic ratio of the hydroxyl groups decreased, leading to an increase in stronger OCO (from 5.98–17.91%) and OC bonds (from 15% to 27.49%) interactions. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the interaction between starch and modified PS, which increased the storage modulus of the films from 198 MPa up to 721 MPa, thereby increasing the rigidity. The compatibility enhancement between modified PS waste and starch may interest the packaging industry and those looking to develop a scalable process.Highlights
Alkali/ultrasound treatment determined the pistachio shell modification degree.
The treatments disturbed the hydrogen bonds of lignocellulosic components.
Pistache shells reduced COH interaction between starch and glycerol.
The fibers interact strongly with starch by OCO and OC bonds.
The modified pistachio shells improved the rigidity of starch films.
Early neurophysiological markers of aberrant auditory processing associated with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Benz Fee , Hanna Sean , Harvey Nicholas C. , Vollmer Brigitte , Köster Moritz , Villar Jose , Fernandes Michelle 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTImportanceThere is a lack of reliable early diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), despite earlier diagnosis leading to better outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of aberrant auditory processing (AAP) as a potential early marker of ASD risk in children under 2 years old.MethodsA systematic review of studies published between 1985 and September 2024 was conducted by searching PubMed and Web of Science.ResultsThe review encompassed 18 studies with 140 231 participants, and a majority (76%) of these studies found evidence that early neurophysiological changes in auditory processing are associated with later ASD risk. Specifically, prolonged auditory brainstem response (ABR) latency, reduced social stimuli selectivity, and poorer auditory brain connectivity were correlated with ASD status in later childhood. Notably, auditory habituation did not differ significantly with ASD risk. It's important to recognize that the evidence was somewhat limited by heterogeneity, small sample sizes, and inadequate reporting.InterpretationThis review identified three early neurophysiological AAP markers associated with ASD risk: ABR latency, social stimuli selectivity, and auditory brain coherence. These markers show potential for aiding in earlier ASD risk assessment in young children, potentially leading to earlier interventions. However, to fully establish the association of these AAP markers with ASD as a reliable screening tool during early childhood, future research should focus on standardized experimental protocols and adequately powered prospective cohort studies.
Temporal field phenomics of transgenic maize events subjected to drought stress: Cross‐validation scenarios and machine learning models
Authors: Pereira Helcio Duarte , Nonato Juliana Vieira Almeida , Duarte Rafaela Caroline Rangni Moltocaro , Gerhardt Isabel Rodrigues , Dante Ricardo Augusto , Arruda Paulo , Yassitepe Juliana Erika de Carvalho Teixeira 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlobal climate change has driven breeding programs to develop abiotic stress‐resilient plant varieties. Traditionally, assessing drought resilience involves labor‐intensive and time‐consuming processes. This study used an unmanned aerial system (UAS) to predict key phenotyping traits in maize (Zea mays L.) and monitor plant response to drought during the crop cycle. We grew transgenic maize hybrids in two trials, one irrigated and another subjected to drought stress, and used a drone equipped with red–green–blue (RGB) and multispectral sensors to capture images of the plots over time. Machine learning models and various prediction scenarios revealed significant correlations between vegetation indices over time. Interestingly, the RGB sensor outperformed the multispectral sensor in trait prediction. Prediction accuracy across scenarios with untested genotypes and environments ranged from 0.40 to 0.70 for grain yield, 0.43 to 0.69 for days to anthesis, 0.51 to 0.67 for days to silking, and 0.35 to 0.57 for plant height. Ridge and random forest models consistently delivered the most accurate predictions across traits and environments. The vegetation indices normalized green–red difference index, VARI, and RCC also effectively predicted and captured the plant response to drought. This study highlights the value of UAS phenotyping as a practical tool for assessing abiotic stress due to its straightforward implementation.
Event‐Triggered Adaptive Asymptotic Tracking Control for Stochastic Non‐Linear Systems With Unknown Hysteresis: A New Switching Threshold Approach
Authors: Du Yang , Zhao Wei , Zhu Shan‐Liang , Hao Wei‐Jie , Liu Shi‐Cheng , Han Yu‐Qun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel event‐triggered adaptive asymptotic tracking control (ATC) method for stochastic non‐linear systems with unknown hysteresis. Firstly, in order to reduce the depletion of network resources while optimizing the asymptotic tracking performance of the system, a switching threshold mechanism (STM)‐based event‐triggered control (ETC) strategy is adopted. Secondly, a first‐order filter is utilized to address the problem of the contradiction between event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) output and rate‐dependent hysteresis actuator input. By incorporating an enhanced backstepping technique and a bounded estimation method, it is rigorously demonstrate that the system achieves zero tracking error, effectively compensates for unknown hysteresis, and ensures that all closed‐loop signals remain bounded in probability. Meanwhile, the Zeno phenomenon is excluded. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control scheme are verified by the simulation results.
Superatoms as Superior Catalysts: ZrO versus Pd
Authors: Kilic Mehmet Emin , Jena Puru 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts are the focus of studies for over a decade due to their enhanced reactivity at smaller sizes. However, they have limitations as they offer only one active site, which may not be sufficient for reactions requiring the co‐adsorption of multiple reactants. Additionally, atoms can migrate on a substrate and coalesce, resulting in decreased reactivity. Here, an alternate path, a single‐superatom catalyst is provided. Superatoms are clusters of atoms that mimic the chemistry of atoms even if they do not contain a single atom whose chemistry they mimic. Motivated by an experimental paper on the photoelectron‐spectroscopy of negatively charged ions where ZrO is found to mimic properties of a Pd atom, first the reaction of Pd and ZrO with small molecules in the gas‐phase is studied and found that ZrO not only mimics the chemistry of Pd, but is able to activate these molecules more strongly than Pd. A detailed first‐principles study of CO2 reduction (CO2‐RR) and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) on Pd and ZrO supported on graphene, Au(111), and Cu(111) surfaces shows that superatoms are indeed superior catalysts. The ability to design numerous superatoms by varying size and composition offers a promising new paradigm for catalyst design and synthesis.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Polyaniline‐Boron Doped Diamond Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Tomšík Elena , Boahene Stephen , Dragounová Kateřina Aubrechtová , Pfeifer Rene , Sharma Dhananjay Kumar , Szabó Ondrej , Walterová Zuzana , Potocký Štěpán , Kromka Alexander 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding how to tune the properties of electroactive materials is a key parameter for their applications in energy storage systems. This work presents a comprehensive study in tailoring polyaniline (PANI) suspensions by acid‐assisted polymerization method and their subsequent deposition on boron‐doped diamond (BDD) supports with low/high B concentrations. The porous or densely packed morphology of PANI is successfully controlled by varying the monomer‐to‐initiator ratio. The interaction between PANI and BDDs leads to the shift in oxidation and reduction potentials, and the high B doping resulted in the reduction of the oxidation potentials. Notably, the highest specific capacitance of 958 F g−1, which represents 90% of the theoretical capacitance, is recorded for the support with relatively low B content. Moreover, PANI obtained by slow kinetic has a stronger interaction with the B‐doped diamond support, which is confirmed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing PANI suspension preparation methods and selecting appropriate boron doping concentrations in nanodiamond supports for composite electrodes in energy storage applications.
N,O Co‐Doped Carbon Spheres Enable Stable Anode‐Less Sodium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Rui , Zhu Xiaoxiao , Xie Tiancheng , Jiang Cairong , Ma Jianjun , Xie Chunlin , Ji Huimin , Wang Jin , Li Huanhuan , Wang Haiyan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnode‐less sodium metal batteries (SMBs) suffer from the formation of Na dendrites and inactive Na on an anode substrate though showing advantages of high energy densities and low costs. Herein, N,O co‐doped carbon spheres (NOCS), which are synthesized via a scalable polymerization and pyrolysis method, are employed as a thin and stable sodiophillic nucleation layer on the Cu foil. Combined with electrochemical measurements, Na deposition morphology observations and density functional theory calculations, it is revealed that the introduced N and O heteroatoms can greatly enhance the adsorption of Na+ on the carbon substrate and reduce the nucleation overpotential, thus forming sufficient seeding sites and guiding homogeneous Na deposition. Consequently, the NOCS coated Cu electrode achieves the outstanding reversibility of Na plating/stripping process over 1000 cycles at 2 mA cm−2 with 2 mAh cm−2 in asymmetric cells, as well as over 1000 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 with 1 mAh cm−2 in symmetric cells. Moreover, this modified Cu foil enables the anode‐less full‐cell with a high‐loading Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode to deliver a high initial capacity of 103 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 79% after 350 cycles at 200 mA g−1, demonstrating the pave to the practical anode‐less SMBs.
Synergizing Soft Systems Methodology, Qualitative System Dynamics and TRIZ to Enhance Policy Implementation for Solid Waste Management in Vietnamese Municipalities
Authors: Trinh Lien T. K. , Hu Allen H. , Pham‐Phu Song‐Toan , Ghosh Sadhan‐Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe growing urban population and high population densities burden trash collection and treatment facilities, especially in developing countries. Vietnam also faces waste contamination because most landfills are already overburdened, and other waste treatment systems have yet to be proven efficient. Policies and emergent measures have been implemented to curb the issue of contamination by garbage; however, the efforts are not as efficient as perceived. This research studied the present policies in solid waste management in Vietnam in a bid to develop a good conceptual model for policy implementation by assessing critical components and their relationships and defining essential paths required for effective implementation. This research methodology combines Soft System Methodology, Qualitative System Dynamics and TRIZ Inventive Principles to help take advantage of the merits of these methods in improving the efficiency of solid waste policy implementation. These were presented in interesting findings on the factors that affect policy implementation through a causal loop diagram, the root definition and a two‐level conceptual model composed of 13 activities to support the effective implementation of waste management policy. They include: making the policy goals more explicit, knowing the implementation plan, setting up monitoring groups with citizen groups playing the main roles, and the regular evaluation of effectiveness from implementation activities. Effective policy implementation strengthens sustainable solid waste management in that policy objectives are turned into action. Although this is a rather new approach, it gives useful results and can be used to formulate plans or programs of implementation. Future studies should be done with enlarged scope of studies in other localities in order to perform complete assessment of the national situation about waste management and also provide a conceptual model of policy implementation at both the national and local levels.
Multiphysics simulation of recent experiments on alkali‐silica reaction expansion in reinforced concrete members
Authors: Jain Amit , Spencer Benjamin W. , Dahal Albert , Biswas Sudipta , Dhulipala Somayajulu L. N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlkali‐silica reaction (ASR) is an important degradation process that causes volumetric expansion and damage in concrete, and is affected significantly by the local temperature, moisture and stress conditions that often vary across the regions of a structure. Numerical simulation is essential to predict the progression and effects of ASR on the performance of structures. Because of the interactions between thermal and moisture transport and mechanical deformation, it is important for numerical models to represent all these physical phenomena and the coupling between them. Simulations of ASR in reinforced concrete (RC) structures are further complicated by the need to capture interactions between concrete and embedded reinforcing bars. This paper describes the implementation of a scalable, coupled‐physics ASR model for simulating RC structures and assesses the ability of that model to predict ASR‐induced expansion in recent laboratory tests on RC block and beam specimens. These laboratory tests and the simulation approach were selected because of their applicability to RC structural‐scale simulations. This validation study helps builds confidence the ability of this approach to model ASR expansion in large, complex RC structures, which is a current high‐priority need.
Shear failures in pile caps: Governing mechanisms and influence of size on the resistance
Authors: Sørensen Jesper Harrild , Hoang Linh Cao , Fernández Ruiz Miguel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDesign of squat pile caps without shear reinforcement is typically governed by failures in shear, with development of inclined failure surfaces and crack sliding. Although the basic load‐carrying action can be efficiently described by means of equilibrium‐based models (such as strut‐and‐tie models or stress fields), determining the actual resistance is still subjected to scientific discussion concerning a number of topics. One of the open questions relates to the influence of size on the unitary shear resistance, which is typically extrapolated for design purposes from the size effect observed in one‐way members failing in shear or from failures in punching. Such extrapolation is, however, debatable as pile caps of practical interest may have significantly larger sizes than those that can be tested in laboratories and this advises to ground design on the basis of a consistent mechanical model. In this paper, the results of an experimental program on 15 pile caps are presented in an effort to better understand the mechanics of failure and to specifically address the influence of size on the resistance. The tests were performed following perfect geometric scaling with effective depths ranging from 200 to 500 mm while keeping the material properties constant. The results of the tests show that failures are originated by shear cracks developing in the clear shear span between the edges of piles and the loading area and that they are associated with strain localisation. A notable size effect is observed, whose asymptotic slope expressed in a double‐logarithmic scale results close to −1/3 (milder than the one corresponding to Linear‐Elastic Fracture Mechanics). On the basis of the test results, a design approach based on the concepts of the Critical Shear Crack Theory and the upper‐bound theorem of limit analysis is presented. The model allows for accurate predictions of the resistance and suitably captures the influence of size on the response of the specimens.
Identification, characterization, and expression of Oryza sativa tryptophan decarboxylase genes associated with fluroxypyr‐meptyl metabolism
Authors: Wang Hao Wen , Shi Xu Zhen , Zhong Xiao Yu , Ai Gan , Wang Yan Hui , Zhou Zhi Zhong , Lu Dan , Liu Xiao Liang , Chen Zhao Jie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) belongs to a family of aromatic amino acid decarboxylases and catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to tryptamine. It is the enzyme involved in the first step of melatonin (MT) biosynthesis and mediates several key functions in abiotic stress tolerance. In Oryza sativa under pesticide‐induced stress, TDC function is unclear. Three TDC differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and six TDC‐coding genes were found to be expressed in fluroxypyr‐meptyl (FLUME)‐treated rice transcriptome datasets, which allowed researchers to explore the properties and roles of rice TDC family genes under pesticide‐induced stress. By applying sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, two subfamilies of the TDC gene family—DUF674 and AAT_I—were found in rice, Glycine max, Zea mays, Hordeum vulgare, and Solanum lycopersicum. According to chromosomal location studies, segmental duplication aided in the expansion of the OsTDC gene family, and the three TDC DEGs in rice were irregularly distributed on two of its 12 chromosomes. In addition, nine rice TDC genes displayed a collinear relationship with those of soybean, maize, barley, and tomato. Rice TDC genes can encode a variety of biotic and abiotic stress responses because of their diverse gene architectures, cis‐elements, motif compositions, and conserved domains. Reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) analysis confirmed that a proportion of TDC genes (Os08g0140300, Os08g0140500, and Os10g0380800) were preferably expressed under 0.08 mg L−1 FLUME stress, with a 5.2‐, 3.2‐, and 3.9‐fold increase in roots and a 2.1‐, 2.4‐, and 2.6‐fold increase in shoots, respectively. MT treatment further increased the expression of these genes, with a 2.1‐fold, 3.1‐fold, and fivefold increase in roots and a 1.5‐, 1.1‐, and 1.1‐fold increase in shoots than that treated with 0.08 mg L−1 FLUME only, respectively. When rice seedling roots and shoots were subjected to 0.08 mg L−1 FLUME stress, TDC activity was increased by 2.7 and 1.6 times higher than in the control, respectively. MT application also further promoted TDC activity in rice tissues; TDC activity in rice roots and shoots was twofold and 1.4‐fold higher, respectively, than that under 0.08 mg L−1 FLUME alone. These findings indicate that TDC genes respond effectively to FLUME stress, and the application of MT could enhance the expression of these TDC genes, which comprise a set of candidate genes that regulate pesticide metabolism and degradation with the application of MT.