bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Medical School on Military Physicians’ Readiness for their First Deployment
Authors: Cole Rebekah , Rudinsky Sherri , Conley Sean P , Vojta Leslie , Wook Kwon Soon , Garrigan Audra G , Prosek Elizabeth A , Goolsby Craig 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Military physicians receive their undergraduate medical training primarily by either attending civilian medical school, through the Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship Program (HPSP), or by attending the Uniformed Services University (USU), a federal medical school with a military unique curriculum. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of graduates from these two educational pathways regarding the impact of their medical school training on their readiness for their first deployment.

Materials and Methods
We conducted 18 semi-structured interviews with military physicians who attended civilian medical schools and USU and who had deployed within the past 2 years. The participants also completed emailed follow-up questions. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. The research team coded the interviews, extracted meaning units, and identified themes that emerged from the data.

Results
The following themes emerged from the data: (1) medical readiness; (2) operational readiness; (3) command interactions; and (4) role as a military physician. All of the participants perceived themselves to be prepared medically. However, the USU graduates were more confident in their ability to navigate the operational aspects of deployment. In addition, they described their ability to naturally build positive working relationships with their commanding officers and navigate their combined roles as both a physician and military officer.

Conclusions
These perceptions of both the civilian medical graduates and USU graduates provide important insight to the military medical education community regarding the ways in which civilian medical schools and USU prepare students for their first deployment. This insight will help to identify any training gaps that should be filled in order to ensure that military physicians are ready for deployment.
Spectroscopic analysis tool for intEgraL fieLd unIt daTacubEs (satellite): case studies of NGC 7009 and NGC 6778 with MUSE
Authors: Akras S , Monteiro H , Walsh J R , García-Rojas J , Aleman I , Boffin H , Boumis P , Chiotellis A , Corradi R M L , Gonçalves D R , Gutiérrez-Soto L A , Jones D , Morisset C , Papanikolaou X 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Integral field spectroscopy (IFS) provides a unique capability to spectroscopically study extended sources over a 2D field of view, but it also requires new techniques and tools. In this paper, we present an automatic code, Spectroscopic Analysis Tool for intEgraL fieLd unIt daTacubEs, satellite, designed to fully explore such capability in the characterization of extended objects, such as planetary nebulae, H ii regions, galaxies, etc. satellite carries out 1D and 2D spectroscopic analysis through a number of pseudo-slits that simulate slit spectrometry, as well as emission line imaging. The 1D analysis permits direct comparison of the integral field unit (IFU) data with previous studies based on long-slit spectroscopy, while the 2D analysis allows the exploration of physical properties in both spatial directions. Interstellar extinction, electron temperatures and densities, ionic abundances from collisionally excited lines, total elemental abundances, and ionization correction factors are computed employing the pyneb package. A Monte Carlo approach is implemented in the code to compute the uncertainties for all the physical parameters. satellite provides a powerful tool to extract physical information from IFS observations in an automatic and user configurable way. The capabilities and performance of satellite are demonstrated by means of a comparison between the results obtained from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data of the planetary nebula NGC 7009 with the results obtained from long-slit and IFU data available in the literature. The satellite characterization of NGC 6778 based on MUSE data is also presented.
The young HD 73583 (TOI-560) planetary system: two 10-M⊕ mini-Neptunes transiting a 500-Myr-old, bright, and active K dwarf
Authors: Barragán O , Armstrong D J , Gandolfi D , Carleo I , Vidotto A A , Villarreal D’Angelo C , Oklopčić A , Isaacson H , Oddo D , Collins K , Fridlund M , Sousa S G , Persson C M , Hellier C , Howell S , Howard A , Redfield S , Eisner N , Georgieva I Y , Dragomir D , Bayliss D , Nielsen L D , Klein B , Aigrain S , Zhang M , Teske J , Twicken J D , Jenkins J , Esposito M , Van Eylen V , Rodler F , Adibekyan V , Alarcon J , Anderson D R , Akana Murphy J M , Barrado D , Barros S C C , Benneke B , Bouchy F , Bryant E M , Butler R P , Burt J , Cabrera J , Casewell S , Chaturvedi P , Cloutier R , Cochran W D , Crane J , Crossfield I , Crouzet N , Collins K I , Dai F , Deeg H J , Deline A , Demangeon O D S , Dumusque X , Figueira P , Furlan E , Gnilka C , Goad M R , Goffo E , Gutiérrez-Canales F , Hadjigeorghiou A , Hartman Z , Hatzes A P , Harris M , Henderson B , Hirano T , Hojjatpanah S , Hoyer S , Kabáth P , Korth J , Lillo-Box J , Luque R , Marmier M , Močnik T , Muresan A , Murgas F , Nagel E , Osborne H L M , Osborn A , Osborn H P , Palle E , Raimbault M , Ricker G R , Rubenzahl R A , Stockdale C , Santos N C , Scott N , Schwarz R P , Shectman S , Raimbault M , Seager S , Ségransan D , Serrano L M , Skarka M , Smith A M S , Šubjak J , Tan T G , Udry S , Watson C , Wheatley P J , West R , Winn J N , Wang S X , Wolfgang A , Ziegler C 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTWe present the discovery and characterization of two transiting planets observed by TESS in the light curves of the young and bright (V = 9.67) star HD73583 (TOI-560). We perform an intensive spectroscopic and photometric space- and ground-based follow-up in order to confirm and characterize the system. We found that HD73583 is a young (∼500 Myr) active star with a rotational period of 12.08 ± 0.11  d, and a mass and radius of 0.73 ± 0.02 M⊙ and 0.65 ± 0.02 R⊙, respectively. HD 73583 b (Pb = $6.3980420 _{ - 0.0000062 } ^ { + 0.0000067 }$ d) has a mass and radius of $10.2 _{ - 3.1 } ^ { + 3.4 }$ M⊕ and 2.79 ± 0.10 R⊕, respectively, which gives a density of $2.58 _{ - 0.81 } ^ { + 0.95 }$ ${\rm g\, cm^{-3}}$. HD 73583 c (Pc = $18.87974 _{ - 0.00074 } ^ { + 0.00086 }$ d) has a mass and radius of $9.7 _{ - 1.7 } ^ { + 1.8 }$ M⊕ and $2.39 _{ - 0.09 } ^ { + 0.10 }$ R⊕, respectively, which translates to a density of $3.88 _{ - 0.80 } ^ { + 0.91 }$ ${\rm g\, cm^{-3}}$. Both planets are consistent with worlds made of a solid core surrounded by a volatile envelope. Because of their youth and host star brightness, they both are excellent candidates to perform transmission spectroscopy studies. We expect ongoing atmospheric mass-loss for both planets caused by stellar irradiation. We estimate that the detection of evaporating signatures on H and He would be challenging, but doable with present and future instruments.
Asteroseismology of the double-radial mode δ Scuti star BP Pegasi
Authors: Daszyńska-Daszkiewicz J , Walczak P , Pamyatnykh A A , Szewczuk W 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Using the All-Sky Automated Survey data, we determine the pulsational frequencies of the high-amplitude δ Scuti star BP Pegasi. The analysis revealed only the two known, independent frequencies that we use to perform the seismic analysis of the star. On the basis of multicolour Strömgren photometry, we independently find that both frequencies can only be associated with radial modes which, according to the frequency ratio, are fundamental and first overtone modes. The models fitting the two frequencies depend strongly on the opacity data. For low values of the mixing-length parameter αMLT ≈ 0.5, only the OPAL seismic models in the post-main-sequence phase of evolution are caught within the observed error box. Seismic models computed with the OP and OPLIB data are much less luminous and cooler. They can only reach the error box if we increase the convection efficiency to at least αMLT = 2.0. Then, including the non-adiabatic parameter f into our seismic modelling, we constrain the value of αMLT. Computing an extensive grid of seismic OPAL models and employing Monte Carlo-based Bayesian analysis, we obtain constraints on various parameters. In particular, the efficiency of envelope convection can be parametrized by αMLT ∈ (0.5, 1.0), depending on the atmospheric microturbulent velocity that amounts to ξt = 4 or 8 km s−1.
Spectroscopic and imaging observations of transient hot and cool loops by IRIS and SDO
Authors: Gupta Girjesh R , Nayak Sushree S 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Coronal loops are the basic building blocks of the solar atmosphere and are observed on various length scales. However, their formation mechanism is still unclear. In this paper, we present spectroscopic and imaging observations of small-scale transients and the subsequent formation of transient loops. For this purpose, we have utilized the multiwavelength observations recorded by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) slit-jaw imager (SJI), along with spectroscopic measurements provided by IRIS. For the photospheric magnetic field data, we obtained line-of-sight magnetogram data provided by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Small-scale transients are simultaneously observed with several EUV and UV passbands of AIA and IRIS/SJI. The HMI magnetogram provides evidence of negative flux cancellations beneath these transients. Differential emission measure (DEM) analysis shows that one of the transients attains temperatures up to 8 MK whereas another one only reaches 0.4 MK. These transients further lead to the formation of small-scale loops with similar temperature distributions, thus termed hot and cool loops respectively. During the course of events, the IRIS slit was rastering the region and thus provided spectroscopic measurements at both transients and associated loops. This enabled us to perform in-depth investigations of the hot and cool loops. Using a density-sensitive O iv line pair, we obtained average electron densities along the hot and cool loops to be 1011.2 and 1010.8 cm−3 respectively. Energy estimates suggest that flux cancellation could easily power the hot transient, while it is insufficient for the cool transient. Lifetime estimates and magnetic field extrapolation suggest the presence of small-scale and fine structures within these loops. The results provide crucial ingredients for the physics of loop formation and the thermodynamics involved.
Quantitative Lipidomics and Spatial MS-Imaging Uncovered Neurological and Systemic Lipid Metabolic Pathways Underlying Troglomorphic Adaptations in Cave-Dwelling Fish
Authors: Lam Sin Man , Li Jie , Sun Huan , Mao Weining , Lu Zongmin , Zhao Qingshuo , Han Chao , Gong Xia , Jiang Binhua , Chua Gek Huey , Zhao Zhenwen , Meng Fanwei , Shui Guanghou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSinocyclocheilus represents a rare, freshwater teleost genus endemic to China that comprises the river-dwelling surface fish and the cave-dwelling cavefish. Using a combinatorial approach of quantitative lipidomics and mass-spectrometry imaging (MSI), we demonstrated that neural compartmentalization of lipid distribution and lipid metabolism is associated with the evolution of troglomorphic traits in Sinocyclocheilus. Attenuated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) biosynthesis via the Δ4 desaturase pathway led to reductions in DHA-phospholipids in cavefish cerebellum. Instead, cavefish accumulates arachidonic acid-phospholipids that may disfavor retinotectal arbor growth. Importantly, MSI of sulfatides coupled with immunostaining of myelin basic protein and transmission electron microscopy images of hindbrain axons revealed demyelination in cavefish raphe serotonergic neurons. Demyelination in cavefish parallels the loss of neuroplasticity governing social behavior such as aggressive dominance. Outside the brain, quantitative lipidomics and qRT-PCR revealed systemic reductions in membrane esterified DHAs in the liver, attributed to suppression of genes along the Sprecher pathway (elovl2, elovl5, and acox1). Development of fatty livers was observed in cavefish; likely mediated by an impeded mobilization of storage lipids, as evident in the diminished expressions of pnpla2, lipea, lipeb, dagla, and mgll; and suppressed β-oxidation of fatty acyls via both mitochondria and peroxisomes as reflected in the reduced expressions of cpt1ab, hadhaa, cpt2, decr1, and acox1. These neurological and systemic metabolic adaptations serve to reduce energy expenditure, forming the basis of recessive evolution that eliminates nonessential morphological and behavioral traits and giving cavefish a selective advantage to thrive in caves where proper resource allocation becomes a major determinant of survival.
Hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry of Mtr4 with diverse RNAs reveals substrate-dependent dynamics and interfaces in the arch
Authors: Zhang Naifu , Olsen Keith J , Ball Darby , Johnson Sean J , D’Arcy Sheena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mtr4 is a eukaryotic RNA helicase required for RNA decay by the nuclear exosome. Previous studies have shown how RNA en route to the exosome threads through the highly conserved helicase core of Mtr4. Mtr4 also contains an arch domain, although details of potential interactions between the arch and RNA have been elusive. To understand the interaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mtr4 with various RNAs, we have characterized RNA binding in solution using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, and affinity and unwinding assays. We have identified RNA interactions within the helicase core that are consistent with existing structures and do not vary between tRNA, single-stranded RNA and double-stranded RNA constructs. We have also identified novel RNA interactions with a region of the arch known as the fist or KOW. These interactions are important for RNA unwinding and vary in strength depending on RNA structure and length. They account for Mtr4 discrimination between different RNAs. These interactions further drive Mtr4 to adopt a closed conformation characterized by reduced dynamics of the arch arm and intra-domain contacts between the fist and helicase core.
The Modified E-Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire: Psychometric Evaluation of an Adapted Version of the Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire for Use With Adults Who Use Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
Authors: Morean Meghan E , Bold Krysten W 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The subjective experience of positive and negative effects likely contributes to e-cigarette use, and the Modified Cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (MCEQ) previously has been adapted to assess the reinforcing and aversive effects of vaping. However, the psychometric properties of the MCEQ for use with e-cigarettes have not been established.

Aims and Methods
We examined the psychometric properties of the Modified E-cigarette Evaluation Questionnaire (MECEQ) within a sample of 857 adults who recently used e-cigarettes in a smoking cessation attempt (52.4% male; 40.84 [12.25] years old; 62.8% non-Hispanic white; 22.4% daily e-cigarette users). Analyses included confirmatory factor analysis of the original structure, exploratory/confirmatory factor analyses to identify the alternate latent structure(s), internal consistency, measurement invariance, between-group differences, and test-criterion relationships with vaping-related outcomes.

Results
The original five-factor structure and a novel four-factor structure were supported. Each was scalar invariant across several participant subgroups (eg, current smoking status, daily vaping status). All multi-item subscales were internally consistent. Both versions detected several between-group differences. For example, current smokers reported stronger aversive effects than did exclusive e-cigarette users. Finally, adjusted relationships between both MECEQ versions and vaping-related outcomes provided evidence for concurrent validity.

Conclusions
The five-factor and four-factor versions of the MECEQ evidenced good-to-excellent internal consistency, scalar measurement invariance, and concurrent relationships with vaping-related outcomes. While both versions could be used to assess subjective vaping effects in adults with histories of cigarette smoking and vaping, additional research is needed to evaluate the applicability of these factor structures to other samples (eg, e-cigarette users with no smoking history, youth).

Implications
Although the MCEQ has been adapted in previously published studies to assess the subjective reinforcing and aversive effects of vaping, the psychometric foundation necessary for doing so had not been established. We showed that the MECEQ can be scored using the original five-factor MCEQ format or using a newly identified four-factor structure. Both versions evidenced construct validity, internal consistency, measurement invariance (permitting between-group comparisons), and concurrent validity with vaping-related outcomes. Results strengthen the interpretability of previously published work using the five-factor MCEQ structure and provide an alternative scoring approach for vaping-specific subjective effects.
Economic geography aspects of the Panama Canal
Authors: Maurer Stephan , Rauch Ferdinand 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper studies how the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914 changed counties’ market potential and influenced the economic geography of the USA. We compute shipment effective distances with and without the canal from each US county to each other US county and to international ports and compute the resulting change in market potential. The main elasticity would imply that a 1% increase in market potential led to a total increase of population by around 2.3% in 1940. We compute similar elasticities for wages, land values, and immigration from out of state. Tradable (manufacturing) industries react stronger than non-tradable (services) industries.
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus resistance generated by quadruple knockout of homologs of TOBAMOVIRUS MULTIPLICATION1 in tomato
Authors: Ishikawa Masayuki , Yoshida Tetsuya , Matsuyama Momoko , Kouzai Yusuke , Kano Akihito , Ishibashi Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) is an emerging virus of the genus Tobamovirus. ToBRFV overcomes the tobamovirus resistance gene Tm-22 and is rapidly spreading worldwide. Genetic resources for ToBRFV resistance are urgently needed. Here, we show that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated targeted mutagenesis of four tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) homologs of TOBAMOVIRUS MULTIPLICATION1 (TOM1), an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) gene essential for tobamovirus multiplication, confers resistance to ToBRFV in tomato plants. Quadruple-mutant plants did not show detectable ToBRFV coat protein (CP) accumulation or obvious defects in growth or fruit production. When any three of the four TOM1 homologs were disrupted, ToBRFV CP accumulation was detectable but greatly reduced. In the triple mutant, in which ToBRFV CP accumulation was most strongly suppressed, mutant viruses capable of more efficient multiplication in the mutant plants emerged. However, these mutant viruses did not infect the quadruple-mutant plants, suggesting that the resistance of the quadruple-mutant plants is highly durable. The quadruple-mutant plants also showed resistance to three other tobamovirus species. Therefore, tomato plants with strong resistance to tobamoviruses, including ToBRFV, can be generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated multiplexed genome editing. The genome-edited plants could facilitate ToBRFV-resistant tomato breeding.
Singmaster’s Conjecture In The Interior Of Pascal’s Triangle
Authors: Matomäki Kaisa , Radziwiłł Maksym , Shao Xuancheng , Tao Terence , Teräväinen Joni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSingmaster’s conjecture asserts that every natural number greater than one occurs at most a bounded number of times in Pascal’s triangle; that is, for any natural number $t \geq 2$, the number of solutions to the equation $\binom{n}{m} = t$ for natural numbers $1 \leq m \lt n$ is bounded. In this paper we establish this result in the interior region $\exp(\log^{2/3+\varepsilon} n) \leq m \leq n - \exp(\log^{2/3+\varepsilon} n)$ for any fixed ɛ &gt; 0. Indeed, when t is sufficiently large depending on ɛ, we show that there are at most four solutions (or at most two in either half of Pascal’s triangle) in this region. We also establish analogous results for the equation $(n)_m = t$, where $(n)_m := n(n-1) \dots (n-m+1)$ denotes the falling factorial.
Explicit Estimates for ζ(s) in the Critical Strip Under the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: Simonič Aleksander 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we provide effective upper and lower estimates for $\left|\zeta(s)\right|$ to the right of the critical line. As an application we make explicit Titchmarsh’s conditional bound for the Mertens function and Montgomery–Vaughan’s conditional bound for the number of k-free numbers.
AA amyloidosis complicating cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: a study of 86 cases including 23 French patients and systematic review
Authors: Rodrigues François , Cuisset Laurence , Cador-Rousseau Bérangère , Giurgea Irina , Neven Benedicte , Buob David , Quartier Pierre , Hachulla Eric , Lequerré Thierry , Cam Gérard , Boursier Guilaine , Hervieu Valérie , Grateau Gilles , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a rare but treatable inherited autoinflammatory condition including familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle–Wells syndrome (MWS) and chronic infantile neurologic cutaneous articular syndrome (CINCA). Our objective was to describe the main features of CAPS AA amyloidosis (AA-CAPS) associated and the efficacy of IL-1 inhibitors in this indication.

Methods
Retrospective study in France associated with a systematic literature review.

Results
Eighty-six patients were identified: 23 new French cases and 63 from the literature, with a median age at amyloidosis diagnosis of 39 years old. CAPS subtypes were MWS (n = 62), FCAS (n = 9), frontier forms between MWS and FCAS (n = 12) and between CINCA and MWS (n = 3). NLRP3 had been sequenced in 60 patients (70%) and the most frequent mutation was R260W (60%). Three AA-CAPS patients displayed somatic NLRP3 mutations. Death occurred in 35 patients (41%), none of whom having ever received IL-1 inhibitors. Twenty-eight patients (33%) received IL-1 inhibitors, with a &gt;50% decrease in proteinuria in 89% of cases.

Conclusion
AA amyloidosis can occur in nearly all CAPS subtypes. IL-1 inhibitors are effective, underlining the necessity of an early diagnosis of CAPS in order to start this treatment as soon as possible among AA-CAPS patients.