bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast Finite-Time Secure Control for Nonlinear Systems under Dynamic Event-triggered Mechanism
Authors: liu yuezhi , Yong Chen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper addresses the fast finite-time secure control problem for the nonlinear system subjected to deception attacks. To enhance the resilience of the nonlinear system with faster convergence rate, a fast finite-time secure controller (FFSC) with an adaptive compensation law is designed, which deals with the damage effects from the deception attacks. Moreover, for the purpose of alleviating the network burden, a dynamic event-triggered mechanism is established, which is regulated by the internal variable generator contains the error norms with the fractional power. Furthermore, the fast finite-time stability of the closed-loop system and the Zeno behavior elimination of the proposed DETM are rigorously proved, respectively. Consequently, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Predicting Body Mass Index in Early Childhood Using Data from the First 1,000 Days
Authors: Cheng Erika R. , Cengiz Ahmet Yahya , Miled Zina Ben 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Few existing efforts to predict childhood obesity have included risk factors across the prenatal and early infancy periods, despite evidence that the first 1,000 days is critical for obesity prevention. In this study, we employed machine learning techniques to understand the influence of factors in the first 1,000 days on children’s early growth patterns. We used LASSO regression to identify 12 features in addition to sex and history weight, height, and BMI that were relevant to childhood obesity. We then developed prediction models based on support vector regression with 5-fold cross validation, estimating BMI for three time periods: 30-36, 36-42, and 42-48 months. Our models predicted children’s BMI with high accuracy (mean average error [standard deviation] = 0.96[0.02] at 30-36 months, 0.98 [0.03] at 36-42 months, and 1.00 [0.02] at 42-48 months) and can be used to support clinical and public health efforts focused on obesity prevention in early life.
Exploring customers’ perceptions of food adulteration at bazaars and supermarkets in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Yeasmin Dalia , Baker Musa , Kamal Abu-Hena Mostofa , Islam Md Saiful , Rahman Mahbubur , Winch Peter J. , Unicomb Leanne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Food adulteration is an increasingly recognized global public health problem. In low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh, adulteration is difficult to detect and respond to. We explored customers’ perceptions on food adulteration, perception of risk, and connections between information, participant characteristics, and patterns of adulterated food concerns that impact risk perception in urban Bangladesh.Methods: The study was conducted in Dhaka, between June and August 2015 at a supermarket, and a wet market. We explored differences in awareness and response to chemical contaminants (adulterants) by socio-economic status. The team conducted 38 in-depth interviews with 12 customers, and 4 staff from a supermarket, and 12 customers and 10 vendors from a wet market. Participants were selected purposively. Audio recorded data were coded based on thematic content and analyzed manually.Results: When asked what proportion of foods were likely adulterated, most participants estimated that at least 70% were adulterated with chemicals or artificial colors, especially fish, milk, and vegetables. The supermarket more commonly sold packaged foods with nutritional and expiry information on the label; and offered convenience in terms of size, layout, and cleanliness. All customers from the wet market thought that foods were cheaper and fresher than from supermarkets. Supermarket customers expressed greater concern about adulterated foods than wet market customers. Most participants from both markets reported that food adulteration is invisible, adulterated foods cannot be avoided, and have long-term negative health impacts including cancer, diabetes, paralysis, heart attack, and others. Nearly half of customers from both markets (n=11) were concerned about the poor nutritional value of adulterated food. Participants from both settings expressed the need for access to credible information about adulteration to help choose safe foods. The majority expressed the need for government action against those who are responsible for this. Conclusions: Food adulteration was considered a major health threat. The government could act on food adulteration prevention if provided credible population-based data on disease burden, a model food sampling and testing protocol, a model for inspections, organizational strengthening and training, example social and behavioral change communications with estimated costs.
GNN-DDI: A New Data Integration Framework for Predicting Drug-Drug Interaction Events Based on Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Al_Rabeah Mohammad Hussain , Lakizadeh Amir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The prevalence of multi_drug therapies has been increasing in recent years, particularly among the elderly who are suffering from several diseases. However, unexpected Drug_Drug interaction (DDI) can cause adverse reactions or critical toxicity, which puts patients in danger. As the need for multi_drug treatments increases, it's becoming increasingly necessary to discover DDIs. Nevertheless, the DDIs detection in an extensive number of drug pairs, both in-vitro and in-vivo, is costly and laborious, Therefore, DDI identification is one of the most concerns in drug-related researches. In this paper, we propose GNN-DDI, a deep learning-based method for predicting DDI-associated events in two stages. In the first stage, it collects drugs information from different sources then integrates them through the formation of an attributed heterogeneous network. In the second stage, predictions of the DDIs and their events are performed through a deep multi-model framework. Various evaluation results show that the proposed method can outperform state-of-the methods in the prediction of drug-drug interaction-associated events. The experimental results indicate that using different data sources and integrating them through an attributed heterogeneous network for producing the node's representations is efficient and effective.
Error analysis and condition estimation of the pyramidal form of the Lucas-Kanande method in optical flow
Authors: Winkler Joab 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.Optical flow is the apparent motion of the brightness patterns in an image. The pyramidal form of the Lucas-Kanade (LK) method is frequently used for its computation but experiments have shown that the method has deficiencies. Problems arise because of numerical issues in the least squares (LS) problem min ||Ax-b||_2^2 , A\in \mathbb{R}^{m \times 2} and m >> 2, which must be solved many times. Numerical properties of the solution x_0 = A^{\dagger}b = (A^TA)^{-1}A^Tb of the LS problem are considered and it is shown that the property m >> 2 has implications for the error and stability of x_0. In particular, it can be assumed that b has components that lie in the column space (range) \mathcal{R}(A) of A, and the space that is orthogonal to \mathcal{R}(A), from which it follows that the upper bound of the condition number of x_0 is inversely proportional to cos theta, where theta is the angle between b and its component in \mathcal{R}(A). It is shown that this bound, a non-linear condition number and the errors in the solutions of the LS problems increase as the pyramid is descended from the top level (coarsest image) to the base (finest image), such that the optical flow computed at the base of the pyramid may be computationally unreliable.Two examples of the computation of the optical flow demonstrate the theoretical results, and the implications of these results for extended forms of the LK method are discussed.
Long term longitudinal follow up of AD-HIES cohort: impact of early diagnosis and enrolment to IPINet centres on natural history of Job's Syndrome
Authors: Carrabba Maria , Dellepiane Rosa Maria , Cortesi Manuela , Baselli Lucia Augusta , Soresina Annarosa , Cirillo Emilia , Giardino Giuliana , Conti Francesca , Dotta Laura , Finocchi Andrea , Cancrini Caterina , Milito Cinzia , Pacillo Lucia , Cinicola Bianca Laura , Cossu Fausto , Consolini Rita , Montin Davide , Quinti Isabella , Pession Andrea , Fabio Giovanna , Pignata Claudio , Pietrogrande Maria Cristina , Badolato Raffaele 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundJob’s Syndrome or Autosomal Dominant Hyper Immunoglobulin E Syndrome (AD-HIES) is a very rare inborn error of immunity disorder with multi-organ involvement and long-life post-infective damages. Longitudinal registries are of main importance to improve knowledge on natural history and management of these rare disorders. This study aims to describe the natural history of 30 Italian patients recorded in the IPINet registry with dominat negative AD-HIES. MethodsThe study shows the incidence of manifestations presented at the time of diagnosis versus the ones arose during follow up at a referral centre for inborn errors of immunity (IEI). ResultsThe mean time of diagnostic delay was 13.7 years, while age at disease onset was <12 months in the 66.7% of patients. Respiratory complications such as bronchiectasis and pneumatoceles were present at diagnosis in the 46.7% and 43.3% respectively. Antimicrobial prophylaxis resulted in decrease of pneumonia incidence from 76.7% to 46.7%. At diagnosis skin involvement was present in 93.3% of patients: eczema 80.8%, abscess 66.7%. At the follow up, under therapy the prevalence of complications decreased: eczema reduced to 63.3% and skin abscess to 56.7%. Antifungal prophylaxis decreased the mucocutaneous candidiasis occurrence from 70% to 56.7%. In the course of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, seven patients developed COVID-19. Survival analyses showed that 27 out of 30 patients are still alive, while three patients died at age of 28, 39 and 46 as consequence of lungs bleeding, lymphoma and sepsis, respectively. ConclusionsAnalysis of a cumulative follow-up of 278.7 patient-years has shown that early diagnosis, adequate management at expertise centres for IEI, prophylactic antibiotic and antifungal therapy improve outcome and can positively influence patients’ life expectancy.
Effects of deep brain stimulation frequency on eye movements and cognitive control
Authors: zacharia André , Kaski Diego , Bouthour Walid , Dayal Viswas , Béreau Matthieu , Mahlknecht Philipp , Georgiev Dejan , Peron Julie , Foltynie Tom , Jahanshahi Marajan , Zrinzo Ludvic , Rothwell John , limousin patricia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an effective treatment option for Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent work has shown that using low- and high-frequency DBS can have a different effect on axial and distal limb functions suggesting that the frequency might affect pathways differently. The STN is also a critical node in the oculomotor and associative networks, which can lead to collateral visual and cognitive side effects. The role of frequency of stimulation on these networks remains unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of low- vs. high-frequency STN-DBS on eye movements and executive control. Twenty-one STN-DBS PD patients with 130Hz vs. 80Hz stimulation were compared with a healthy control group (n=16). All participants were tested twice in a double-blind manner. We examined prosaccades (latency and gain) and antisaccades (latency of the correct antisaccades, latency of the incorrect antisaccades, error rate and gain of the correct antisaccades). Non-oculomotor executive functions were tested with the Stroop task. The motor condition was assessed using Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III. The antisaccadic error rate was higher in patients (p=0.0113), and it was higher in patients on 80Hz compared to 130Hz (p=0.001). The differences between patients and controls and between different frequency of stimulation for all other eye-movements or cognitive measures were statistically non-significant. We show that 80Hz STN-DBS in PD reduces the ability to maintain stable fixation but does not alter inhibition, resulting in a higher antisaccade error rate due to less efficient fixation, without altering the motor state of the patients. This is also clinically important because it means that lowering the stimulation frequency from 130Hz to 80Hz can alter eye movement performance without affecting motor symptoms. This provides a wider range of stimulation parameters that can reduce specific DBS-related side effects without affecting motor outcomes.
Effect of gestational weight gain on postpartum pelvic floor function in twin primiparas: a single-center retrospective study in China
Authors: Zhou Ying , Luo Yetao , Zhou Qirong , Xu Jiangyang , Tian Shengyu , Liao Bizhen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The effect of GWG as a controllable factor during pregnancy on pelvic floor function has rarely been investigated, and studies on twin primiparas are even less frequent. The objective of the present study was to explore the correlation between GWG and postpartum pelvic floor function in twin primiparas.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 184 twin primiparas in the pelvic floor rehabilitation system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2020 to October 2021. Based on the GWG criteria recommended by the Institute of Medicine, the study subjects were divided into two groups: adequate GWG and excessive GWG. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore the relationship between GWG and pelvic floor.
Results
Among the 184 twin primiparas, 20 (10.87%) had excessive GWG. The rates of abnormal vaginal dynamic pressure (95% vs 74.39%), severely impaired type I muscle fibers (80% vs 45.73%), anterior vaginal wall prolapse (90% vs 68.90%), and stress urinary incontinence (50% vs 20.12%) of twin primiparas with excessive GWG were significantly higher than those with adequate GWG. There was no significant difference between the total score of the PFDI-20 or the scores of the POPDI-6, CRADI-8, and UDI-6 in the two groups (P > 0.05). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the results showed that excessive GWG was positively associated with abnormal vaginal dynamic pressure (OR = 8.038, 95% CI: 1.001–64.514), severely impaired type I muscle fibers (OR = 8.654, 95% CI: 2.462–30.416), anterior vaginal wall prolapse (OR = 4.705, 95% CI: 1.004–22.054), and stress urinary incontinence (OR = 4.424, 95% CI: 1.578–12.403).
Conclusion
Excessive GWG in twin primiparas was positively correlated with the prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction, which did not exacerbate pelvic floor symptoms in twin primiparas. Reasonable control of GWG is beneficial in reducing the risk of abnormal pelvic floor function. Therefore, individualized management for twin pregnancies, providing healthy lifestyle guidance, and promoting weight management should be an important part of perinatal care.
Nonlinear Fourier Classification of 663 Rogue Waves Measured in the Philippine Sea
Authors: Lee Yu-Chen , Brühl Markus , Doong Dong-Jiing , Wahls Sander 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rogue waves are spontaneous extreme waves whose wave heights are at least twice the significant wave height of the surrounding waves. The formation of rogue waves has been attributed to several possible mechanisms such as linear superposition of random waves, dispersive focusing, and modulational instability. Breather solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) are furthermore often considered prototypical rogue waves. The dominant generation mechanisms of rogue waves in the real ocean are currently not well understood because actual field measurements are scarce. In this study, exploiting twelve years of field measurement data from an ocean buoy, we apply the nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT) for the NLSE (NLSE-NFT) to a large dataset of measured rogue waves. While the NLSE-NFT has been used to analyze rogue waves before, this is the first time that it is systematically applied to a large real-world dataset. Since different types of nonlinear waves have distinctive nonlinear spectral portraits, we categorize the measured rogue waves into four types based on the characteristics of the largest nonlinear mode: stable, small breather, large breather and soliton. If NLSE breather solutions really are prototypical rogue waves, one would expect the breather types to be the most common. The classification results for the rogue-wave samples are discussed and, furthermore, compared with those for a similar amount of non-rogue wave samples. Finally, the question whether the largest nonlinear mode can be attributed to a rogue wave is investigated for a part of the data set.
Factors associated with the recovery rate of children with moderate wasting in the Far North Region of Cameroon
Authors: Teta Ismael , Foudjo Brice Ulrich Saha , Nielsen Jennifer , Oben Julius , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Ntentie François Raissa , Cakir Volkan , Klemm Rolf , Kang Yunhee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Research on moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is limited, despite its high prevalence. This study examined the impact of bi-weekly locally available foods provided via a Food Voucher Program (FVP) on nutritional recovery (mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) ≥ 125 mm) from MAM (defined as MUAC between 115 and 124 mm) and identify the factors associated with recovery rate in the Far North Region of Cameroon.
Methods
This was a prospective study with 474 MAM children aged 6–59 months. Food voucher distribution and MUAC screening were conducted at 6 bi-weekly visits or until the child was recovered. Time-to-recovery was evaluated with multivariate Cox proportional regression hazard models with associations quantified using adjusted hazard ratio (aHR). The trend for MUAC, including its determinants, was examined with multivariate linear mixed effect models.
Results
The recovery rate was 78.3% by 6 weeks after the first food basket; 3.4% remained MAM, and 5.9% were transferred for treatment for SAM. Boys were 34% more likely to recover from MAM than girls (aHR = 1.34, 95%CI (1.09, 1.67)). Children aged 24–53 months were 30% more likely to recover than those aged 6–11 months (aHR = 1.30, 95%CI (0.99, 1.70)). A one unit increase in weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) was associated with 1.89 fold greater likelihood of recovery (aHR = 1.89, 95%CI (1.66, 2.14)). Male children had on average 1.82 mm greater increase in MUAC than female children (p < 0.001). One unit increase in WHZ was associated with 3.42 mm increase in MUAC (p = 0.025). Children aged 12–23 and 24–53 months had 1.03 mm and 2.44 mm, respectively, greater increase in MUAC over the program than children aged 6–11 months (all p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Child’s WHZ, gender and age determined MUAC increase and recovery from MAM in the FVP. These findings indicate the approach shows promise as an effective alternative treatment for MAM with consideration of associated factors.
Applying mathematical modeling to estimate the impact of COVID- 19-related VMMC service disruptions on new HIV infections in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chagoma Newton , Kanyenda Tiwonge , Pindiwe Bothwell , Nyika Howard , Nyazema Lawrence , Stover John , Resar Danielle , Shoko Natsai , Jenkins Sarah , Katanda Yemurai , Xaba Sinokuthemba , Mugurungi Owen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has overwhelmed health systems with knock on effects on diagnosis, treatment and care. To mitigate the impact, the government of Zimbabwe enforced a strict lockdown beginning 30 March 2020 which ran intermittently until early 2021. In this period, the Ministry of Health and Childcare strategically prioritized delivery of services, leading to partial and full suspension of services considered non-essential, including HIV prevention. As a result, Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) services were disrupted leading to an 80% decline in circumcisions conducted in 2020. Given the efficacy of VMMC, we quantified the potential effects of VMMC service disruption on new HIV infections in Zimbabwe.Methods: We applied the GOALS model to evaluate the impact of COVID-19-related disruptions on reducing new HIV infections over 30-years. GOALS is an HIV simulation model that estimates number of new HIV infections based on sexual behaviors of population groups. The model was parameterized based on national surveys and HIV program data. We hypothesized three coverage scenarios by 2030: scenario I - pre-COVID trajectory: 80% VMMC coverage; Scenario II - marginal COVID-19 impact: 60% VMMC coverage, and scenario III - severe COVID-19 impact: 45% VMMC coverage. VMMC coverage between 2020-2030 was linearly interpolated to attain the estimated coverage and then held constant from 2030 – 2050, with discounting of outcomes at 3%.Results: Compared to the baseline scenario I, in scenario II, we estimated that the disruption of VMMC services would generate an average of 200 (176-224) additional new infections per year and 7,200 new HIV infections over the next 30 years. For scenario III, we estimated an average of 413 (389-437) additional new HIV infections per year and 15,000 new HIV infections over the next 30 years. The disruption of VMMC services could generate additional future HIV treatment costs ranging from $27 million to $55 million dollars across scenarios II and III, respectively.Conclusions: COVID-19 disruptions destabilized delivery of VMMC services, which could contribute to an additional 7,200 new infections over the next 30 years. Unless mitigated, these disruptions could derail the national goals of reducing new infections by 2030.
Three-dimensional operando optical imaging of single particle and electrolyte heterogeneities inside Li-ion batteries
Authors: Pandya Raj , Valzania Lorenzo , Dorchies Florian , Xia Fei , Hugh Jeffrey Mc , Mathieson Angus , Tan Jien , Parton Thomas , De Volder Michael , Tarascon Jean-Marie , Gigan Sylvain , de Aguiar Hilton Barbosa , Grimaud Alexis 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Understanding (de)lithiation heterogeneities in battery materials is key to ensuring optimal electrochemical performance and developing better energy storage devices. However, this remains challenging due to the complex three dimensional morphology of microscopic electrode particles, the involvement of both solid and liquid phase reactants, and range of relevant timescales (seconds to hours). Here, we overcome this problem and demonstrate the use of bench-top laser scanning confocal microscopy for simultaneous three-dimensional operando measurement of lithium ion dynamics in single particles, and the electrolyte, in batteries. We examine two technologically important cathode materials that are known to suffer from intercalation heterogeneities: LixCoO2 and LixNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2. The single-particle surface-to-core transport velocity of Li-phase fronts, and volume changes – as well as their inter-particle heterogeneity – are captured as a function of C-rate, and benchmarked to previous ensemble measurements. Additionally, we visualise heterogeneities in the bulk and at the surface of particles during cycling, and image the formation of spatially non-uniform concentration gradients within the liquid electrolyte. Importantly, the conditions under which optical imaging can be performed inside absorbing and multiply scattering materials such as battery intercalation compounds are outlined.