bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrous wadsleyite crystal structure up to 32 GPa
Authors: Wang Fei , Thompson Elizabeth C. , Zhang Dongzhou , Xu Jingui , Alp Ercan E. , Jacobsen Steven D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hydroxylation of wadsleyite, β-(Mg,Fe)2SiO4, is associated with divalent cation defects and well known to affect its physical properties. However, an atomic-scale understanding of the defect structure and hydrogen bonding at high pressures is needed to interpret the influence of water on the behavior of wadsleyite in the mantle transition zone. We have determined the pressure evolution of the wadsleyite crystal symmetry and structure, including all O∙∙∙O interatomic distances, up to 32 GPa using single-crystal X-ray diffraction on two well-characterized, Fe-bearing (Fo90) samples containing 0.25(4) and 2.0(2) wt% H2O. Both compositions undergo a pressure-dependent monoclinic distortion from orthorhombic symmetry above 9 GPa, with the less hydrous sample showing a larger increase in distortion at increased pressures due to the difference in compressibility of the split M3 site in the monoclinic setting arising from preferred vacancy ordering at the M3B site. Although hydrogen positions cannot be modeled from the X-ray diffraction data, the pressure evolution of the longer O1∙∙∙O4 distance in the structure characterizes the primary hydrogen bond length. We observe the hydrogen-bonded O1∙∙∙O4 distance shorten gradually from 3.080(1) Å at ambient pressure to about 2.90(1) Å at 25 GPa, being still much longer than is defined as strong hydrogen bonding (2.5–2.7 Å). Above 25 GPa and up to the maximum pressure of the experiment at 32.5 GPa, the hydrogen-bonded O1∙∙∙O4 distance decreases no further, despite the fact that previous spectroscopic studies have shown that the primary O-H stretching frequencies continuously drop into the regime of strong hydrogen bonding (&lt;3200 cm–1) above ~15 GPa. We propose that the primary O1-H∙∙∙O4 hydrogen bond in wadsleyite becomes highly nonlinear at high pressures based on its deviation from frequency-distance correlations for linear hydrogen bonds. One possible explanation is that the hydrogen position shifts from being nearly on the long O1-O4 edge of the M3 site to a position more above O1 along the c-axis.
Magnetism and equation of states of fcc FeHx at high pressure
Authors: Gomi Hitoshi , Hirose Kei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen is a strong candidate for light alloying elements in terrestrial cores. Previous first-principles studies on non-stoichiometric hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and double hexagonal close-packed (dhcp) FeHx predicted a discontinuous volume expansion across the magnetic phase transition from non-magnetic (NM) or antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) state with increasing the hydrogen content, x at 0 K. However, previous high-pressure and -temperature neutron diffraction experiments on face-centered cubic (fcc) FeHx did not reveal such nonlinearity. The discrepancy between theory and experiment may be due to differences in the crystal structure, magnetism, or temperature. In this study, we computed the equation of states for fcc FeHx using the Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker method combined with the coherent potential approximation (KKR-CPA). In addition to the four types of ground-state magnetism (FM, AFM-I, AFM-II, and NM), we calculated the local magnetic disorder (LMD) state, which approximates the paramagnetic (PM) state with local spin moment above the Curie temperature. Our results show that even though FM, AFM-I, AFM-II, and NM calculations predict a discontinuity in the volume at 0 K, the volume becomes continuous above the Curie temperature, consistent with the previous neutron experiment. From the enthalpy comparison at 0 K, FM fcc FeH (x = 1) becomes the NM state above ~48 GPa. The magnetic transition pressure decreases with decreasing hydrogen content. Therefore, below the magnetic transition pressure, local spin moments affect the density and elastic wave velocity of fcc FeHx, which may be important for small terrestrial bodies such as Mercury and Ganymede. By contrast, at the Earth’s core pressure above 135 GPa, fcc FeHx becomes NM. Thus, we calculated the density and bulk sound velocity as a function of pressure at 0 K for NM fcc FeHx. The density at 360 GPa decreases with increasing hydrogen content, with FeH0.5 best matching the preliminary reference Earth model (PREM) of the inner core. Since the density decreases with increasing temperature, this value constrains the upper limit of hydrogen content, assuming that the inner core is fcc FeHx. On the other hand, the bulk sound velocity at 360 GPa increases with increasing hydrogen content, with FeH0.3 best matching the PREM, which may give a lower bound. Assuming that Poisson’s ratio of the FeHx alloy is equal to that of the inner core, we examined the effects of temperature on density and bulk sound velocity. The results suggest that the fcc FeHx alloy alone cannot explain the inner core density and bulk sound velocity simultaneously unless the temperature is extremely low (T &lt; 4000 K).
Predictive explicit expressions from data-driven models for estimation of scour depth below ski-jump bucket spillways
Authors: Shafagh Loron Reza , Samadi Mehrshad , Shamsai Abolfazl 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Scour depth estimation is an essential factor in water-related engineering problems. Scouring below spillways may endanger a dam's stability and even lead to dam destruction. As a result, it has undesirable environmental effects due to dam failure. Hence, reliable and accurate scour depth estimation below spillways is an exciting topic for researchers. For this purpose, the published and reliable prototype data related to scour depth below ski jump bucket spillways (Ds) was used to develop data-driven models. This study employed two widely used decision tree (DT) methods, including the M5 model tree (M5MT) and the classification and regression tree (CART), and also multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) for the estimation of (Ds). The proposed methods provided explicit and clear equations with straightforward applications for estimating scour depth. For the quantitative assessments of the developed formulas, three common statistical metrics, namely root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and correlation coefficient (CC), were used. Moreover, comparison results with previous approaches existing in the literature indicated the efficacy of the suggested methods. The obtained results revealed that the MARS technique was the best approach for the estimation of scour depth.
Erosion of Quantitative Resistance in Wheat and Barley to fusarium Head Blight: Gene Pyramiding Achieves and Durability Study
Authors: Sakr Nachaat 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by several fusarium species, is one of the diseases causing the greatest worldwide damage to small grain cereals, especially wheat and barley. FHB outbreaks can substantially diminish grain yield and end-use quality due to sterile florets and withered mycotoxin-contaminated grain kernels. Great effort has been accomplished to combat FHB in the past decades; however, solutions to prevent FHB damage are limited. The development of quantitative resistant cultivars is considered a sustainable and highly desired approach to reducing FHB damage.

Objective:
This review aims to combine novel data related to the potential ability of pathogens to evolve aggressiveness, erosion of quantitative head blight resistance in wheat and barley, and applying gene pyramiding which enhances host resistance to FHB infection to achieve durable head blight resistance.

Results:
Although FHB-resistance resources have been successfully utilized by resistant parents in wheat and barley breeding programs globally, this policy does not ensure high resistance to FHB since resistance will erode due to aggressiveness shifts of the head blight population. The increasing practice of monoculture wheat and barley cultivation has perhaps raised the rate of head blight pathogen evolution and obligated the natural balance shifting in favor of the pathogen, creating more repeated and grave epidemics, even in provinces where FHB has not been earlier recorded. More aggressive FHB populations have emerged in the field and under experimental laboratory conditions. It suggests adaptation followed by a spread of some strains in their environment, including adaptation to FHB-resistant breeds and possible erosion of wheat and barely resistance. Therefore, the pyramiding of several QTLs with high impact in one cereal cultivar may extend durability.

Conclusion:
If a pyramiding of multiple resistances improving QTL combined with selection against suspected susceptibility factors is achieved in novel cultivars, the evolution of FHB pathogens might be slowed owing to reduced exposure to the pathogen, disruptive selection on FHB populations and subsequently reduced fitness of fusarium fungi. This would stabilize the pathogen population and contribute to the durability of FHB resistance.
Epidemiological Patterns of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: an Ecological Study
Authors: Sivčo Patrik , Nguyen Giang Hoang , Melichová Juliana , Plančíková Dominika , Majdan Marek , Rusnák Martin 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus belong to the most costly chronic diseases worldwide. The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a country with a high burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, with hypertension and diabetes among the top contributors to premature mortality.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to describe and assess the scale of the burden of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

Methods:
An ecological study employing secondary data analysis was conducted. Data from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation and Vietnamese Health Statistic Yearbooks were analysed by linear and polynomial regression analyses, Kendall rank correlation, and Pearson correlation.

Results:
From 1990 to 2017, on average, 22% of all deaths and 11% of all disability-adjusted life years were associated with high systolic blood pressure, and 3% of all deaths and 2% of all disability-adjusted life years were attributable to type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The decrease in the number of elementary nurses, as well as the increase in health insurance expenditures per inpatient, seems to be, with the highest degree of certainty, correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus death and disability-adjusted life years rates.

Conclusion:
If the tracked progress remains at the same pace, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam will likely be unable to achieve the targets related to Goal 3 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Developing regulatory frameworks and social demand for professionalism could encourage nurses to pursue higher education.
An Exploratory Trial of EPI-589 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (EPIC-ALS): Protocol for a Multicenter, Open-Labeled, 24-Week, Single-Group Study
Authors: Haji Shotaro , Fujita Koji , Oki Ryosuke , Osaki Yusuke , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Morino Hiroyuki , Nagano Seiichi , Atsuta Naoki , Kanazawa Yuki , Matsumoto Yuki , Arisawa Atsuko , Kawai Hisashi , Sato Yasutaka , Sakaguchi Satoshi , Yagi Kenta , Hamatani Tatsuto , Kagimura Tatsuo , Yanagawa Hiroaki , Mochizuki Hideki , Doyu Manabu , Sobue Gen , Harada Masafumi , Izumi Yuishin 
Published: December 2022

Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder, with its currently approved drugs, including riluzole and edaravone, showing limited therapeutic effects. Therefore, safe and effective drugs are urgently necessary. EPI-589 is an orally available, small-molecule, novel redox-active agent characterized by highly potent protective effects against oxidative stress with high blood-brain barrier permeability. Given the apparent oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction involvement in the pathogenesis of ALS, EPI-589 may hold promise as a therapeutic agent.

Objective
This protocol aims to describe the design and rationale for the EPI-589 Early Phase 2 Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trial for ALS (EPIC-ALS).

Methods
EPIC-ALS is an explorative, open-labeled, single-arm trial that evaluates the safety and tolerability of EPI-589 in patients with ALS. This trial consists of 12-week run-in, 24-week treatment, and 4-week follow-up periods. Patients will receive 500 mg of EPI-589 3 times daily over the 24-week treatment period. Clinical assessments include the mean monthly change of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale–Revised total score. The biomarkers are selected to analyze the effect on oxidative stress and neuronal damage. The plasma biomarkers are 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH), homocysteine, and creatinine. The cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers are 8-OHdG, 3-NT, NfL, pNfH, and ornithine. The magnetic resonance biomarkers are fractional anisotropy in the corticospinal tract and N-acetylaspartate in the primary motor area.

Results
This trial began data collection in September 2021 and is expected to be completed in October 2023.

Conclusions
This study can provide useful data to understand the characteristics of EPI-589.

Trial Registration
Japan Primary Registries Network jRCT2061210031; tinyurl.com/2p84emu6

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/42032
ROLE OF COLLABORATION LEVELS IN THE INFLUENCE OF TRUST LEVEL ON PROJECT MANAGEMENT SUCCESS AT DEVELOPER COMPANIES IN BATAM
Authors: Setyawan Agustinus , Annalin Annalin 
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of the trust levels which include trust, exchange of knowledge, and expectations on project management success which includes project performance, and integration of knowledge and innovation through mediation of collaboration levels which include incentive, proximity, relationship, conflict, coordination, and commitment on developer companies in Batam. The survey conducted for this study was by distributing questionnaires to 275 respondents. The sample selection method uses purposive sampling method, which the selection of samples is in accordance with predetermined conditions that the respondents came from 5 developer companies in Batam with a total of 258 complete data to be processed. The researcher used the SPSS and Smart PLS programs to examine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable through the mediating variable.
The results of this study indicate that the variable trust levels have a significant effect on the variable collaboration levels and project management success. However, the variable collaboration levels do not have a significant effect on the variable of project management success. Likewise, the variable of trust on variable of project management success through mediation of collaboration levels does not have a significant effect. So, it can be said that the higher the trust levels, the higher the collaboration levels and project management success will be. On the other hand, there is no influence between collaboration and project management success.
Hubungan Pemberian Reward dengan Motivasi Kerja Perawat di Ruang Inap Rumah Sakit
Authors: Kuswantoro Edy , Kustriyani Menik , Arifianto Arifianto 
Published: December 2022

Nurses are the main key in a service. As a form of professional service, nursing is expected to improve the quality of the hospital in providing nursing care, be it promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative. By giving rewards aims to maintain the motivation of these employees so that they are always in good condition, so that the quality of hospital services increases. This research uses quantitative research, which is a non-experimental research with cross sectional design. The sample technique used in this study is Proportionate Random Sampling with a sample size of 102 respondents. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Rank Spearman Correlation test. The results of research and data analysis obtained Rho = 0,462 and ρ value of 0,000. The Rho value indicates that reward giving with work motivation is in moderate correlation strength with unidirectional correlation. The results of ρ value indicate that the hypothesis is accepted that there is a significant relationship between the provision of rewards and the work motivation of the nurses who work in the Inpatient Room of dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga Hospital. Conclusion of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between giving rewards and the work motivation of the nurses who work in the hospital room of dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga.
Abstrak
Perawat menjadi kunci utama dalam sebuah pelayanan Sebagai bentuk pelayanan profesional, keperawatan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu Rumah Sakit dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan, baik itu bersifat promotif, preventif, kuratif dan rehabilitative. Dengan pemberian reward bertujuan untuk menjaga motivasi pegawai tersebut supaya selalu dalam kondisi yang baik, sehingga mutu pelayanan Rumah Sakit meningkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Proportionate Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel 102 responden. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner pemberian reward dan motivasi kerja. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Korelasi Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian dan analisis data diperoleh Rho = 0,462 dan ρ value sebesar 0,000 < 0. Nilai Rho tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian reward dengan motivasi kerja berada dalam kekuatan korelasi sedang dengan arah korelasi yang searah. Hasil ρ value menunjukkan hipotesis diterima bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pemberian reward dengan motivasi kerja perawat pelaksana di Ruang Inap RS Paru dr. Ario Wirawan Salatiga. Simpulan hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan signifikan pemberian reward dengan motivasi kerja perawat pelaksana di Ruang Inap RS Paru dr. Ario Wirawan alatiga. Dengan adanya reward yang jelas dapat mempengaruhi motivasi kerja perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan.
Kata kunci : Perawat, reward, motivasi kerja
Beyond Us Now: Speculations Toward a Post-Art Education World
Authors: Congdon Kristin G. , Hicks Laurie E. , Bolin Paul E. , Blandy Doug 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, four art educators, writing individually, speculate about the future of their field. Conjecturing about the condition and direction of art education in years to come, the authors have each addressed to some extent the following questions: If art is over and if it can no longer be defined (if it ever could), what then are we to teach? If there is no longer history, how then can we deal with the present and future? If everything is, as Martinez and Strauss (2005) claim, "commodification, decoration, [and] entertainment" (p. 43), then can art education continue as a field of study? With new media demanding collaboration as a methodology, who can claim to be an artist? Wondering beyond Dissanayake (1988), who asserts that everyone makes art, who then can claim not to be an artist? So too, what does it mean to be an art educator today? In the age of "No Child Left Behind" and the further marginalization of our discipline in school programs, can our field, such as it is, continue to exist as an educational program? If craft stores proliferate across our country, conducting and supporting numerous classes in quilting, flower arranging, crocheting, and painting, what is our role as a field? Is our existence possible? It is even desirable? The positions of the four writers are not offered with a voice of unison. Each author has addressed these questions from separate locations, and with different purposes and viewpoints in mind. The speculative outcomes, while not harmonious, offer the field a range of responses to these critical questions about the future of art education.
Beyond Still Life: Collecting the World in Small Handfuls
Authors: Grube Vicky 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study uses portraiture methodology to understand how ideas travel among preschool children in an art studio. The researcher, also the art teacher, is watchful of the children’s feelings, perspectives, and experiences, and analyzes her data through the writing. The researcher sees children co-constructing knowledge, negotiating truth, and redefining themselves while their relationships deepen. Buber and Husserl’s reflections concerning our search for an identical other are layered in with anecdotal episodes of the researcher and the children. Relationships, influenced by the cultural and practical world, are in constant flux. External needs and desires impact subjective experiences, and pairs — once engaged in shared consciousness — rebound, searching for a mirror more in focus. In the preschool art studio, intersubjectivity, married somehow to repetition, sets forth the proliferation of ideas.
Sufficient Foundation: Theory in the Practice of Art Museum Education
Authors: Ebitz David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Three groups of museum educators were invited to list theories that inform their practice at annual conventions of the National Art Education Association and at a workshop sponsored by the Museum Educators of Southern California. Most educators cited psychological theories of learning, beginning with Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences and Csikszentmihalyi’s flow or psychology of optimal experience, stage theories of development beginning with Piaget, and constructivist theories of learning and meaning making beginning with Dewey, Vygotsky, and Falk and Dierking’s contextual model of free choice learning. There was little evidence of interest in critical pedagogy or in other critical theories that problematize our understanding of art, art history, or the nature and function of museums. Museum educators have adopted theories to which they have been exposed through their education and professional networking, which facilitate their practical work as educators, and which are easy to implement, such as the questions to guide novice viewers in Housen and Yenawine’s Visual Thinking Strategies. Educators do not cite theories which might address their professionalstatus within their museums or the position of their institutions within a global economy.
Learning from Comics on the Wall: Sequential art narrative design in museology and multimodal education
Authors: Duffy Damian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Out of Sequence: Underrepresented Voices in American Comics is a comics art exhibition that was displayed from October 23, 2008 to January 4, 2009 in the Krannert Art Museum on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.
Wrinkles in Visual Culture: Hyphen-UnPress
Authors: Keifer-Boyd Karen , Smith-Shank Deborah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Perhaps because we mentor young adults developing as educators, researchers, and artists, or because we espouse feminist issues and content as a critical part of art education, or perhaps because we have lived long enough to confront our own wrinkled visual culture, our focus is the visual and textual connotations of older women. Our text is liberally laced with our own experiences and spiced with metaphor, especially the metaphors of iron(s) and wrinkle(s). This article reflects our positionality as senior level art educators, mothers of adult children, daughters of octogenarians, and having lived for more than half a century, most of it working in art education.