bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel glucagon analog with an extended half-life, HM15136, normalizes glucose levels in rodent models of congenital hyperinsulinism
Authors: Heo Yong Ho , Kim Jung Kuk , Lee Jong Suk , Lee Sang-Hyun , Shin Seung-Hyun , Choi In Young , Kim Ha Hyung 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCongenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) is a rare genetic condition characterized by uncontrolled insulin secretion, resulting in hypoglycemia. Although glucagon has lately been regarded as a therapeutic option for CHI, its use is severely hampered by its poor solubility and stability at physiological pH, as well as its short duration of action. To address these constraints, we developed HM15136, a novel long-acting glucagon analog composed of a glucagon analog conjugated to the Fc fragment of human immunoglobulin G4 via a polyethylene glycol linker. In this study, we established that HM15136 was more soluble than natural glucagon (≥ 150 mg/mL vs 0.03 mg/mL). Next, we confirmed that HM15136 activated glucagon receptor in vitro and induced glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in rat primary hepatocytes. Pharmacokinetics (PK)/Pharmacodynamics (PD) analysis of HM15136 shows that HM15136 has a markedly longer half-life (36 h vs. < 5 min) and increased bioavailability (90%) compared to native glucagon in mice. Further, HM15136 could effectively reverse acute hypoglycemia induced by insulin challenge, and multiple doses of HM15136 could sustain increased blood glucose levels in CHI rats. In conclusion, our findings indicate that HM15136 promotes sustained elevation of blood glucose, demonstrating the potential for development as a once-weekly therapy for CHI.
CAMSAP2 promotes colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion through activation of JNK/c-Jun/MMP-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaojuan , Liu Yumin , Ding Yawen , Feng Gang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCAMSAP2 has been reported to act as an oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the expression CAMSAP2 and its potential roles in colorectal cancer remain unclear. In this study, qRT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of CAMSAP2 in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assay were performed to determine whether CAMSAP2 promotes the capabilities of migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. The results showed that CAMSAP2 was highly elevated in colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the high CAMSAP2 expression was positively correlated with tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer. Additionally, ectopic expression of CAMSAP2 in colorectal cancer cells promoted the migration and invasion in vitro and enhanced the lung metastasis in nude mice. Conversely, silencing CAMSAP2 resulted in an opposite phenomenon. By gain- and loss-of function experiments, we demonstrated that MMP-1 was a substantial downstream target of CAMSAP2, and it played a crucial role in regulating the migration and invasion induced by CAMSAP2 in colorectal cancer cells. Mechanistically, CAMSAP2 promoted the activation of JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway and subsequently upregulated the transcription activity of MMP-1. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that CAMSAP2 promoted colorectal cancer cell migration, invasion and metastasis through activation of JNK/c-Jun/MMP-1 signaling pathway, indicating CAMSAP2 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
Hexagon path planning algorithm
Authors: Arnaoot Hany Mohamed Elsayed Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe paper presents a novel 2D geometrical path plan algorithm that reduces calculation load and time by filtering obstacles before path planning starts by the newly introduced hexagon filter and also while path search is in progress. Unlike other methods that use only obstacle filtering before path planning starts. The suggested algorithm was able to solve a randomly created maze that contains 400 obstacles with 800 nodes, which was considered before, as next to impossible to solve. This is because computational time is proportional to n2log(n) where n is the number of obstacles, node suggested algorithm reduced the computational time to about 1 in 2500 times compared to the best of (ESOVG, DVG or ECoVG). In addition, the suggested algorithm can be used in the case of a fixed start point and different target points (e.g. a swarm of robots leaving from the same start point with different targets).
The National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade poloidal high-k scattering system pitch angle design modifications
Authors: Liu X. , Domier C. W. , Dannenberg J. , Zhu Y. , Sirigiri J. R. , Ren Y. , Stratton B. , Luhmann N. C. 
Published: October 2022

A 693 GHz, eight-channel, poloidal high-k (k refers to wavenumber) collective scattering system is under development for the National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade device. It will replace the previous 280 GHz, five-channel, tangential scattering system to study high-k electron density fluctuations, thereby providing a measurement of the kθ-spectrum of both electron temperature gradient and ion temperature gradient modes. A tool is under development to calculate the wavenumber that exists in the presence of strong magnetic pitch angles. We use this tool to motivate a new receiver optical design for significantly improved performance, details of which are presented herein.
Characterization of a 1D-imaging high-energy x-ray backlighter driven by the National Ignition Facility Advanced Radiographic Capability laser
Authors: Hill M. P. , Williams G. J. , Kalantar D. H. , Bachmann B. , Martinez D. A. , Stan C. V. , Murphy A. , Arend M. J. , Mercado G. A. , Wong H. C. , Dunn Z. , Santos C. D. , Lockard T. E. , Gumbrell E. T. , Rudd R. E. , McNaney J. M. , Le Galloudec K. K. , Remington B. A. , Park H.-S. 
Published: October 2022

Plastic deformation of samples compressed to Mbar pressures at high strain rates at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) forms the basis of ongoing material strength experiments in conditions relevant to meteor impacts, geophysics, armor development, and inertial confinement fusion. Hard x-ray radiography is the primary means of measuring the evolution of these samples, typically employing a slit-collimated high-Z microdot driven by the NIF laser to generate &gt;40 keV x rays [E. Gumbrell et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 10G118 (2018) and C. M. Huntington et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89, 10G121 (2018)]. Alternatively, a dysprosium “micro-flag” target driven by the Advanced Radiographic Capability laser (∼2 kJ, 10 ps) can deliver significantly higher spatiotemporal resolution [M. P. Hill et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 92, 033535 (2021)], especially in high-opacity samples. Initial experiments revealed problematic brightness and spectral gradients from this source, but by radiographing a set of diamond-turned, 105 µm-thick Pb test objects and supported by simulations using the 3D Monte Carlo code GEANT4, these geometry-dependent gradients across the field of view are quantified and mitigation strategies are assessed. In addition to significantly enhancing the modulation transfer function compared to the existing system, image stacking from multiple layers of image plate is shown to almost double the signal to noise ratio that will reduce uncertainties in future dynamic strength experiments.
Recent development in termite bait and baiting methodology: A mini review
Authors: Dhang Partho 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Termite baiting has evolved as a successful method of control globally. The methods hold significance as climate change, urbanization and international trade are spreading termites across the globe. The methodology uses minimal insecticide, precise application, and kills the colony compared to the soil treatment method. The subject is well reviewed, and the intent of this mini review is to provide updated information on some of the critical aspects of this technology, such as bait efficacy and criteria for evaluating colony elimination.
Convergence of level sets in fractional Laplacian regularization
Authors: Iglesias José A , Mercier Gwenael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The use of the fractional Laplacian in image denoising and regularization of inverse problems has enjoyed a recent surge in popularity, since for discontinuous functions it can behave less aggressively than methods based on H
1 norms, while being linear and computable with fast spectral numerical methods. In this work, we examine denoising and linear inverse problems regularized with fractional Laplacian in the vanishing noise and regularization parameter regime. The clean data is assumed piecewise constant in the first case, and continuous and satisfying a source condition in the second. In these settings, we prove results of convergence of level set boundaries with respect to Hausdorff distance, and additionally convergence rates in the case of denoising and indicatrix clean data. The main technical tool for this purpose is a family of barriers constructed by Savin and Valdinoci for studying the fractional Allen–Cahn equation. To help put these fractional methods in context, comparisons with the total variation and classical Laplacian are provided throughout.
Controlling magnetic frustration in 1T-TaS2 via Coulomb engineered long-range interactions
Authors: Chen Guangze , Rösner Malte , Lado Jose L 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Magnetic frustrations in two-dimensional materials provide a rich playground to engineer unconventional phenomena. However, despite intense efforts, a realization of tunable frustrated magnetic order in two-dimensional materials remains an open challenge. Here we propose Coulomb engineering as a versatile strategy to tailor magnetic ground states in layered materials. Using the frustrated van der Waals monolayer 1T-TaS2 as an example, we show how long-range Coulomb interactions renormalize the low energy nearly flat band structure, leading to a Heisenberg model which depends on the Coulomb interactions. Based on this, we show that superexchange couplings in the material can be precisely tailored by means of environmental dielectric screening, ultimately allowing to externally drive the material towards a tunable frustrated regime. Our results put forward Coulomb engineering as a powerful tool to manipulate magnetic properties of van der Waals materials.
Evaluation of lossy compression algorithms using discrete cosine transform for sounding rocket vibration data
Authors: Pinto A C , Maciel M D , Pinho M S , Medeiros R R , Motta S F , Moraes A O 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work evaluates the performance of compression algorithms based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) when used to encode sounding rockets’ vibration signals. Different compression methods that use the three-step strategy (transform, quantization, and entropy encoder) are presented. The performances are evaluated using the relationship between the compression rate and distortion, the latter being measured using the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the difference observed in the power spectral density. The focus of the work is on vibration signals from rocket launches conducted by the Institute of Aeronautics and Space of the Brazilian Air Force. The obtained results present a great variation for the vibration data in the test set. Compressors operating with PSNR close to 50 dB can achieve very high compression rates (over 100) for low power signals. However, if the vibration signal strength increases significantly, the compression rate can be much lower. For the worst case in the test set (signal with the highest power), the work shows that the best proposed method needs a rate of 9.8 to achieve a PSNR of 48.2 dB. When compared to the performance of recently published DCT-based compression algorithms, the proposed technique shows significant improvements. Given a PSNR around 50 dB, for signal with moderate power, improvements above 100% are observed in compression rate.
Evaluation of single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance technology for usage in geosciences
Authors: Costabel Stephan , Hiller Thomas , Dlugosch Raphael , Kruschwitz Sabine , Müller-Petke Mike 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Because of its mobility and ability to investigate exposed surfaces, single-sided (SiS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology enables new application fields in geosciences. To test and assess its corresponding potential, we compare longitudinal (T
1) and transverse (T
2) data measured by SiS NMR with those of conventional geoscientific laboratory NMR. We use reference sandstone samples covering a broad range of pore sizes. Our study demonstrates that the lower signal-to-noise ratio of SiS NMR data generally tends to slightly overestimated widths of relaxation time distributions and consequently pore size distributions. While SiS and conventional NMR produce very similar T
1 relaxation data, unbiased SiS NMR results for T
2 measurements can only be expected for fine material, i.e. clayey or silty sediments and soils with main relaxation times below

0.05

s

. This limit is given by the diffusion relaxation rate due to the gradient in the primary magnetic field associated with the SiS NMR. Above that limit, i.e. for coarse material, the relaxation data is strongly attenuated. If considering the diffusion relaxation time of 0.2 s in the numerical data inversion process, the information content

>

0.2

s

is blurred over a range larger than that of conventional NMR. However, our results show that principle range and magnitudes of the relaxation time distributions are reconstructed to some extent. Regarding these findings, SiS NMR can be helpful to solve geoscientific issues, e.g. to assess the hydro-mechanical properties of the walls of underground facilities or to provide local soil moisture data sets for calibrating indirect remote techniques on the regional scale. The greatest opportunity provided by the SiS NMR technology is the acquisition of profile relaxation data for rocks with significant bedding structures at the μm scale. With this unique feature, SiS NMR can support the understanding and modeling of hydraulic and diffusional anisotropy behavior of sedimentary rocks.
Carbon black nanoparticles modified gelatin composite-based thin film for rapid-response humidity sensing
Authors: Yu Wei , Huang Chun , Xia Cao , Wang Zhuqing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Humidity monitoring is essential for food processing, pharmaceutical, and precision electronics industries. Conventional humidity sensors based on metal oxides and ceramics show an ideal response to variation humidity. However, long response time and complex manufacturing processes pose a challenge for their more comprehensive application and further development. Resistive polymers show promise in antistatic materials and sensor applications. In this study, gelatin composite, a popular water-soluble polymer, is mixed with carbon black nanoparticles for better humidity sensitivity. Using the state-of-the-art thin film deposition method, the designed interdigitated electrode is covered by a nano-scale thin film of the prepared composite film. The relative humidity (RH) range between 20.3% and 83.2% can be well detected according to the evaluation of a customized chemical vapors measurement system. Furthermore, an extreme linear relation and high sensitivity of 0.35 mV/%RH are achieved for the range from the RH of 20%–65.2%. Highly repeatable performance can be demonstrated by repeated experiments with several humidities. Rapid response and recovery features are found during the characterization, while the response and recovery time are lower than 10 s.
3D printed multi-material polylactic acid (PLA) origami-inspired structures for quasi-static and impact applications
Authors: Wickeler Anastasia L , Naguib Hani E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Origami patterns can be used to inspire the designs of structural materials with beneficial properties, such as low strength-to-weight ratios. This study explores the design, manufacturing, and mechanical properties of three different origami-inspired shapes, as well as three different material combinations for each shape, through dynamic impact testing and quasi-static compression testing. The commonly studied Miura origami pattern will be compared to two uncommon patterns: a square-based pattern and a triangular-based pattern. The samples are 3D printed and the material combinations include one rigid and one flexible polylactic acid (PLA) sample, and one multi-material configuration with flexible PLA crease areas and rigid PLA origami faces. The rigid square sample was the most effective at absorbing a single drop-weight impact load and the flexible Miura pattern was most effective at absorbing impact loads when multiple drops were performed on the same sample. The rigid triangular structure withstood the highest loads during the quasi-static compression testing. A finite element model of the quasi-static compression test was built to enhance the analysis of the various tested configurations.
Signature of superconducting onset in presence of large magnetoresistance in type-II Dirac semimetal candidate Ir2In8S
Authors: Malavi Pallavi , Kumar Prakash , Jakhar Navita , Singh Surjeet , Karmakar S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Since the discovery of type-II Dirac semimetal (DSM) as the potential candidate for topological superconductor, magneto-transport studies on diverse type-II DSMs have been of tremendous research interest. Here we report the structural and magneto-transport properties of type-II DSM candidate Ir2In8S under high pressure. With increasing pressure, this shows dramatic suppression of its characteristic large magneto-resistance, which is however partially regained upon release of pressure. No superconductivity has emerged with increasing pressures up to ∼20 GPa. However, in the pressure-released sample a significant resistivity drop below ∼4 K has been detected. The field dependent resistivity and dc magnetization measurements confirm this as superconducting onset. Ir2In8S thus becomes a unique system exhibiting large MR above the superconducting transition. X-ray diffraction results show that the ambient tetragonal structure (P42/mnm) remains stable up to ∼7 GPa, above which this undergoes a reversible structural transition into an orthorhombic structure (Pnnm). The observed enhanced residual resistivity and concurrent increase in carrier density of the normal metal state of the pressure-cycled sample indicate that the enhanced impurity scattering plays a significant role in the emergence of superconductivity.
Biharmonic (ω, 2ω) ionization of atoms by elliptically-polarized light. Carving the photoelectron angular distributions
Authors: Fritzsche S , Hofbrucker J 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The biharmonic (ω, 2ω) photoionization of atomic inner-shell electrons opens up new perspectives for studying nonlinear light–atom interactions at intensities in the transition regime from weak to strong-field physics. In particular, the control of the frequency and polarization of biharmonic beams enables one to carve the photoelectron angular distribution and to enhance the resolution of ionization measurements by the (simultaneous) absorption of photons. Apart from its quite obvious polarization dependence, the photoelectron angular distributions are sensitive also to the (relative) intensity, the phase difference and the temporal structure of the incoming beam components, both at resonant and nonresonant frequencies. Here, we describe and analyze several characteristic features of biharmonic ionization in the framework of second-order perturbation theory and (so-called) ionization pathways, as they are readily derived from the interaction of inner-shell electrons with the electric-dipole field of the incident beam. We show how the photoelectron angular distribution and elliptical dichroism can be shaped in rather an unprecedented way by just tuning the properties of the biharmonic field. Since such fields are nowadays accessible from high-harmonic sources or free-electron lasers, these and further investigations might help extract photoionization amplitudes or the phase difference of incoming beams.
Probabilistic learning for pulsar classification
Authors: Andrianomena Sambatra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we explore the possibility of using probabilistic learning to identify pulsar candidates. We make use of Deep Gaussian Process (DGP) and Deep Kernel Learning (DKL). Trained on a balanced training set in order to avoid the effect of class imbalance, the performance of the models, achieving relatively high probability of differentiating the positive class from the negative one (roc-auc ∼ 0.98), is very promising overall. We estimate the predictive entropy of each model predictions and find that DKL is more confident than DGP in its predictions and provides better uncertainty calibration. Upon investigating the effect of training with imbalanced dataset on the models, results show that each model performance decreases with an increasing number of the majority class in the training set. Interestingly, with a number of negative class 10× that of positive class, the models still provide reasonably well calibrated uncertainty, i.e. an expected Uncertainty Calibration Error (UCE) less than 6%. We also show in this study how, in the case of relatively small amount of training dataset, a convolutional neural network based classifier trained via Bayesian Active Learning by Disagreement (BALD) performs. We find that, with an optimized number of training examples, the model — being the most confident in its predictions — generalizes relatively well and produces the best uncertainty calibration which corresponds to UCE = 3.118%.
Effect of the divertor configuration on the JET edge radial electric field
Authors: Silva C. , Solano E.R. , Hillesheim J.C. , Delabie E. , Birkenmeier G. , Gil L. , Giroud C. , Morales R.B. , Nina D. ,   JET Contributors
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The role of the divertor configuration and divertor plasma physics on the L–H transition is poorly understood, leading to large uncertainties in predicting the L–H power threshold in future devices. This contribution reports on edge perpendicular plasma flow measurements by Doppler backscattering in JET L–H transition experiments with the outer divertor strike-point at different positions: horizontal target (HT), vertical target (VT), and in the corner configuration (between the HT and VTs). The edge perpendicular flow was found to be significantly affected by changes in the divertor configuration in the region inside the separatrix. Our results do not show evidence for the existence of a critical edge flow shear needed to achieve H-mode for different divertor configurations, with a larger shear observed for the VT configuration. No significant change in the shear flow and in the density fluctuation level is measured preceding the L–H transition in the region just inside the separatrix. The dynamics of the L–H transitions are also influenced by the divertor configuration with divertor oscillations (DOs) observed only in the HT configuration. Interestingly, DOs are associated with marked changes in the edge perpendicular flow around the separatrix.