bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves
Authors: Wang Liyun , Sun Honghong , Gao Haixu , Xia Yaohui , Zan Linsen , Zhao Chunping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Probiotics have been used in livestock production for many years, but information on their benefits during the early life of calves is inconsistent. This study aimed to assess the effects of probiotics on the performance of pre-weaning dairy calves and identify the factors influencing their effect size. Results: Forty-nine studies were selected for meta-analysis based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study qualities were evaluated using a predefined risk assessment tool following GRADE guidelines. Meta-analysis results showed that probiotics increased the body weight by 1.988 kg, average daily gain by 40.689 g/d, butyrate by 0.788 mmol/L, BHBA by 0.029 mmol/L, and IgG by 0.698 g/L, based on the strict criteria (PSMD < 0.05, I2 < 50%). In contrast, probiotics decreased feed conversion rate by 0.073, acetate by 2.815 mmol/L, AST by 4.188 U/L (PSMD < 0.05, I2 < 50%). Additionally, probiotics increased starter dry matter intake by 0.034 kg/d, total dry matter intake (TDMI) by 0.020 kg/d, IgA by 0.313 g/L, IgM by 0.262 g/L, total antioxidant capacity by 0.441 U/mL, and faecal bacteria counts by 0.680 log10 CFU/g, based on the loose criteria (PSMD < 0.05, I2 > 50%). However, probiotics decreased LDH by 78.796 U/L, MDA by 0.404 nmol/mL, and faecal score by 0.052 (PSMD < 0.05, I2 > 50%). Regression and sub-group analyses showed that probiotic strains, supplementary dosage, and method significantly affected the performance of calves. The probiotics supplied with more than 9.5 log10 CFU/d significantly increased IgA and IgG contents (PSMD < 0.05). Additionally, the compound probiotics significantly increased TDMI, IgA, and IgM (PSMD < 0.001). Furthermore, probiotics supplemented in liquid (whole milk or milk replacer) significantly increased TDMI and decreased faecal score (PSMD < 0.05), while in whole milk, they significantly increased body weight, IgA, and IgM (PSMD < 0.001). Conclusions: Probiotics improve the growth performance, feed intake and efficiency, rumen fermentation, immune and antioxidant capacity, and health of pre-weaning calves. However, the effect sizes were related to the dosage, composition, and supplementary method of probiotics.
Exploring the Use of Pictograms in Privacy Agreements to Facilitate Communication Between Users and Data Collecting Entities: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ugaya Mazza Larissa , Fadrique Laura Xavier , Kuang Amethyst , Donovska Tania , Vaillancourt Hélène , Teague Jennifer , Hailey Victoria A , Michell Stephen , Morita Plinio Pelegrini 
Published: June 2022

Background
Privacy agreements can foster trust between users and data collecting entities by reducing the fear of data sharing. Users typically identify concerns with their data privacy settings, but due to the complexity and length of privacy agreements, users opt to quickly consent and agree to the terms without fully understanding them.

Objective
This study explores the use of pictograms as potential elements to assist in improving the transparency and explanation of privacy agreements.

Methods
During the development of the pictograms, the Double Diamond design process was applied for 3 instances of user interactions and 3 iterations of pictograms. The testing was done by performing a comparative study between a control group, which received no pictograms, and an experimental group, which received pictograms. The pictograms were individually tested to assess their efficacy by using an estimated comprehension of information symbols test.

Results
A total of 57 participants were recruited for the pictogram evaluation phase. With the addition of pictograms, the overall understanding improved by 13% (P=.001), and the average time spent answering the questions decreased by 57.33 seconds. A 9% decrease in perceived user frustration was also reported by users, but the difference was not significant (χ24=4.80; P=.31). Additionally, none of the pictograms passed the estimated comprehension of information symbols test, with 7 being discarded immediately and 5 requiring further testing to assess their efficacy.

Conclusions
The addition of pictograms appeared to improve users’ understanding of the privacy agreements, despite the pictograms needing further changes to be more understandable. This proves that with the aid of pictographic images, it is possible to make privacy agreements more accessible, thereby allowing trust and open communication to be fostered between users and data collecting entities.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05631210; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05631210
The Facilitation of Clinical and Therapeutic Discoveries in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Related Diseases: Protocol for the You + ME Registry Research Platform
Authors: Ramiller Allison , Mudie Kathleen , Seibert Elle , Whittaker Sadie 
Published: June 2022

Background
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, complex, heterogeneous disease that affects millions and lacks both diagnostics and treatments. Big data, or the collection of vast quantities of data that can be mined for information, have transformed the understanding of many complex illnesses, such as cancer and multiple sclerosis, by dissecting heterogeneity, identifying subtypes, and enabling the development of personalized treatments. It is possible that big data can reveal the same for ME/CFS.

Objective
This study aims to describe the protocol for the You + ME Registry, present preliminary results related to participant enrollment and satisfaction, and discuss the limitations of the registry as well as next steps.

Methods
We developed and launched the You + ME Registry to collect longitudinal health data from people with ME/CFS, people with long COVID (LC), and control volunteers using rigorous protocols designed to harmonize with other groups collecting data from similar groups of people.

Results
As of September 30, 2021, the You + ME Registry had over 4200 geographically diverse participants (3033/4339, 69.9%, people with ME/CFS; 833/4339, 19.2%, post–COVID-19 people; and 473/4339, 10.9%, control volunteers), with an average of 72 new people registered every week. It has qualified as “great” using a net promotor score, indicating registrants are likely to recommend the registry to a friend. Analyses of collected data are currently underway, and preliminary findings are expected in the near future.

Conclusions
The You + ME Registry is an invaluable resource because it integrates with a symptom-tracking app, as well as a biorepository, to provide a robust and rich data set that is available to qualified researchers. Accordingly, it facilitates collaboration that may ultimately uncover causes and help accelerate the development of therapies.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04806620; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04806620

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/36798
Identifying Patients With Heart Failure Who Are Susceptible to De Novo Acute Kidney Injury: Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Hong Caogen , Sun Zhoujian , Hao Yuzhe , Dong Zhanghuiya , Gu Zhaodan , Huang Zhengxing 
Published: June 2022

Background
Studies have shown that more than half of patients with heart failure (HF) with acute kidney injury (AKI) have newonset AKI, and renal function evaluation markers such as estimated glomerular filtration rate are usually not repeatedly tested during the hospitalization. As an independent risk factor, delayed AKI recognition has been shown to be associated with the adverse events of patients with HF, such as chronic kidney disease and death.

Objective
The aim of this study is to develop and assess of an unsupervised machine learning model that identifies patients with HF and normal renal function but who are susceptible to de novo AKI.

Methods
We analyzed an electronic health record data set that included 5075 patients admitted for HF with normal renal function, from which 2 phenogroups were categorized using an unsupervised machine learning algorithm called K-means clustering. We then determined whether the inferred phenogroup index had the potential to be an essential risk indicator by conducting survival analysis, AKI prediction, and the hazard ratio test.

Results
The AKI incidence rate in the generated phenogroup 2 was significantly higher than that in phenogroup 1 (group 1: 106/2823, 3.75%; group 2: 259/2252, 11.50%; P<.001). The survival rate of phenogroup 2 was consistently lower than that of phenogroup 1 (P<.005). According to logistic regression, the univariate model using the phenogroup index achieved promising performance in AKI prediction (sensitivity 0.710). The generated phenogroup index was also significant in serving as a risk indicator for AKI (hazard ratio 3.20, 95% CI 2.55-4.01). Consistent results were yielded by applying the proposed model on an external validation data set extracted from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) III pertaining to 1006 patients with HF and normal renal function.

Conclusions
According to a machine learning analysis on electronic health record data, patients with HF who had normal renal function were clustered into separate phenogroups associated with different risk levels of de novo AKI. Our investigation suggests that using machine learning can facilitate patient phengrouping and stratification in clinical settings where the identification of high-risk patients has been challenging.
Examining the Impact of COVID-19 on People With Dementia From the Perspective of Family and Friends: Thematic Analysis of Tweets
Authors: Bacsu Juanita-Dawne R , O'Connell Megan E , Cammer Allison , Ahmadi Soheila , Berger Corinne , Azizi Mehrnoosh , Gowda-Sookochoff Rory , Grewal Karl S , Green Shoshana , Knight Sheida , Spiteri Raymond J 
Published: June 2022

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is taking a serious toll on people with dementia. Given the rapidly evolving COVID-19 context, policymakers and practitioners require timely, evidence-informed research to address the changing needs and challenges of people with dementia and their family care partners.

Objective
Using Twitter data, the objective of this study was to examine the COVID-19 impact on people with dementia from the perspective of their family members and friends.

Methods
Using the Twint application in Python, we collected 6243 relevant tweets over a 15-month time frame. The tweets were divided among 11 coders and analyzed using a 6-step thematic analysis process.

Results
Based on our analysis, 3 main themes were identified: (1) frustration and structural inequities (eg, denied dignity and inadequate supports), (2) despair due to loss (eg, isolation, decline, and death), and (3) resiliency, survival, and hope for the future.

Conclusions
As the COVID-19 pandemic persists and new variants emerge, people with dementia and their family care partners are facing complex challenges that require timely interventions. More specifically, tackling COVID-19 challenges requires revisiting pandemic policies and protocols to ensure equitable access to health and support services, recognizing the essential role of family care partners, and providing financial assistance and resources to help support people with dementia in the pandemic. Revaluating COVID-19 policies is critical to mitigating the pandemic’s impact on people with dementia and their family care partners.
EVALUATION OF IN VIVO WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF SOLANUM VIRGINIANUM ROOT EXTRACT ON EXCISION AND INCISION WOUND MODEL IN RATS
Authors: CHAKRABORTI PADMANAVA , AGRAWAL ANURAG , JOHRI SONIA 
Published: June 2022

Objective: Evaluation of the wound healing activity of Solanum virginianum root extracts using excision and incision wound models.
Methods: Moisture content, Ash value, Acid insoluble ash value, Water-soluble ash value, and different extractive values were studied as physicochemical parameters. Qualitative screening of each extract was carried out to determine different types of phytochemicals. In addition, a pharmacological study was conducted on groups of rats to find the effectiveness of root extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) on the wound healing process.
Results: Following observations were noted after the physicochemical test: Moisture content, 3.2%; Ash value, 5.77%; Acid insoluble ash, 1.17%; Water-soluble ash, 7.27%; Alcohol soluble extractive, 16.77%; Water-soluble extractive, 17.02%. After a qualitative chemical examination of alcohol and aqueous root extract, alkaloids, carbohydrates, phytosterols, saponins, phenolics, proteins, and flavonoids were detected. The excision wound model showed wound contraction for the alcohol extract group on the 12th day at 90.78% and the aqueous group at 85.23%. In the incision wound model, the alcohol extract-treated group showed significant wound breaking strength compared to the control and the aqueous extract-treated group.
Conclusion: This study on the root was carried out to find evidence of the wound healing activity of its extracts. Results indicate the effectiveness of the extracts in enhancing the wound healing process in rat models. The result of qualitative screening enhances the future scope for various pharmacological approaches.
Improving subacute management of post concussion symptoms: a pilot study of the Melbourne Paediatric Concussion Scale parent report
Authors: Davis Gavin A , Rausa Vanessa C , Babl Franz E , Davies Katie , Takagi Michael , Crichton Alison , McKinlay Audrey , Anderson Nicholas , Hearps Stephen JC , Clarke Cathriona , Pugh Remy , Dunne Kevin , Barnett Peter , Anderson Vicki 
Published: June 2022

Aim: To pilot a modification of the Post Concussion Symptom Inventory, the Melbourne Paediatric Concussion Scale (MPCS) and examine its clinical utility. Materials & methods: A total of 40 families of concussed children, aged 8–18 years, were recruited from the emergency department. Parent responses to the MPCS in the emergency department and 2-weeks post injury determined child symptomatic status. Association between MPCS symptom endorsement and symptomatic group status was examined. Results: All additional MPCS items were endorsed by at least 25% of the parents of symptomatic children at 2 weeks. MPCS items were classified into nine symptom domains, with most falling in mood, neurological, autonomic and vestibular domains. Conclusion: The additional items and domain classifications in the MPCS have the potential to improve subacute diagnostic precision, monitoring of clinical recovery and identification of appropriate interventions post pediatric concussion.
An American Utopia and Its Global Audiences: Transnational Perspectives on Looking Backward
Authors: Guarneri Carl J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis essay departs from conventional American Studies treatments to resituate Bellamy's utopia of 1888 within transnational debates over industrialism, socialism, and the state in European nations and their settler societies (including the United States) between 1890 and 1940. Building upon critical studies and information about the reception of Bellamy's utopia abroad, it offers three approaches: a genre-based analysis of the utopian hybrid that suggests textual bases for multiple readings; a transnational history of evolutionary socialism that helps explain Bellamy's global relevance in the 1890s and again in the 1930s; and a comparative approach that contrasts the reception of Looking Backward in different national contexts. In the face of traditionally exceptionalist scholarship and the narrower, nationalistic frame of Bellamy's sequel, Equality (1897), to understand Bellamy's global appeal we must recover the international context of Looking Backward and the internationalist views expressed in its pages.
The Fall and Rise of an Antipodean Utopia: Brisbane, Australia
Authors: Metcalf William (Bill) 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article describes and discusses a late-nineteenth century utopian text, The Curse and Its Cure, set in the city of Brisbane, capital of the state of Queensland, Australia. The first half of this book by Dr. Thomas Pennington Lucas posits how Brisbane was utterly destroyed in the early twentieth century so that by the time at which the story is set—in the year 2000—little remains of the abandoned city except scattered ruins overrun with weeds and vermin. In the second half, Lucas postulates how, by the year 2200, Brisbane had become the New Jerusalem in the South Pacific, a true Utopia leading the world to morality, affluence, peace, and sanity. The Curse and Its Cure has long been out of print and, as far as can be discovered, only one full copy and one partial copy remain, both held by the John Oxley Library, Brisbane. I uncovered it as part of my research into Australia's utopian literature. Although other Australian scholars such as Nan Albinski, Vincent Buckley, Verity Burgmann, Andrew Milner, Bruce Scates, Richard Trahair, and Robyn Walton (as well as an American academic, Lyman Tower Sargent) have all written about the prodigious amount of Australian utopian literature, none of them discovered Lucas's text.
From Utopia to Empire: Atarashikimura and A Personal View of the Greater East Asia War (1942)
Authors: Yiu Angela 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Atarashikimura—“New Village”—was founded by the Japanese writer Mushakôji Saneatsu (1885—1976) in 1918 based on the utopian principles of restoring dignity to labor, communal living, and the actualization of the authentic self in artistic pursuits. The rhetoric and rationale of utopia extended to the founding of the puppet state of the Manchukuo in the 1930s as Japan's imperialism intensified. By 1943, Mushakôji wrote the infamous A Personal View on the Greater East Asia War, using the rhetoric for utopia to argue in favor of the Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere. This paper will examine the allure and danger of Mushakôji's rhetoric of utopia, and how such rhetoric contributes to the escalation of war and colonization.
Power, Utopia, and the Manipulation of the Historical Consciousness: Perspectives from Collingwood
Authors: Jenson Michael 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A recurrent misconception about the concept of utopia fails to realize fully that its essential endeavor constitutes a speculative act involving the distribution of power and resources. Consequently, utopian desire is closely linked to structures of power and can be manipulated by interests in positions of influence within these structures. It is these connections to the machinations of power that bring utopian visions their potential for social/political influence. However, these same types of links also provide avenues for these conceptions to be cynically influenced in ways that can usurp individual autonomy. The role of power and utopia can be analyzed in the formative process of a specific social structure as well as in their contribution to the conception of a common heritage or history. The “historical perspective” often serves as the foundation for the production of propaganda seeking to capture the imagination of a populace either to instigate positive social change or to legitimize an oppressive regime. Through the lens of Collingwood's philosophy of history, this article investigates the connection that the “historical consciousness” has to the attributes of power and utopia as well as the role that this relationship plays in the formation of a collective mentality. In short, it studies the essential characteristics of the bond between individuals that allows a community or collective to perpetuate itself. It also explores how the attributes of power and utopia can use latent historical perceptions to strengthen the process of ideological integration that underlies any social action or formal structure of authority.
Socio-economic Utopianism in Spain at the End of the Nineteenth Century: La Nueva Utopía by Ricardo Mella
Authors: Ramos-Gorostiza José Luis 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In 1890, Ricardo Mella—one of the foremost theorists of Spanish anarchism—published the short novel La Nueva Utopía [The New Utopia], which had been awarded a prize in Barcelona's Second Socialist Contest the previous year. It was a time of resurgence for the utopian novel in the western world with numerous proposals for different models of socialism. In particular, there were three works in quick succession which were well received and eventually became classics: Bellamy's Looking Backward (1888), Hertzka's Freiland (1889), and Morris's News from Nowhere (1890). This article analyzes Mella's novel as the major example of the utopian genre in Spain at the end of the nineteenth century and as an effective means of spreading his model of anarchist collectivism (as opposed to anarchist communism). In it, he shows the future libertarian society in glowing colors. In addition, the article compares the model of social organization developed in La Nueva Utopía with those proposed in the three famous contemporary works (by Bellamy, Hertzka, and Morris).
PENGARUH KOMBINASI LARUTAN BUAH BINAHONG, KUNYIT, DAUN SUJI TERHADAP TINGKAT KEKONTRASAN JARINGAN BATANG BAYAM (Amaranthus spinosus L) SEBAGAI MEDIA BELAJAR JARINGAN TUMBUHAN
Authors: Priskilia Melda Ayu , Noor Rasuane , Widowati Hening 
Published: June 2022

Observations in this study were about variations in the combination of solutions of fruit Basella alba Linn, tubers of Curcuma longa Linn, leaves Dracaena angustifolia as natural alternative dyes, with variations in the order of administration of solutions that produced contrasting preparations of plant tissue preparations of spinach stems (Amaranthus spinosus L). The study aimed to determine the effect of interaction variations from the combination of Basella alba, Linn fruit solution, tubers of Curcuma longa Linn, Dracaena angustifolia leaves on the level of clarity of plant tissue preparations, variations in the order of giving the best solution can be used as natural alternative dyes and the results of the study can be used as a medium for high school biology learning. This study was presented using qualitative descriptive data processing using 6 treatments with 3 replications with 2 negative control without using dye and positive control using safranin dye. This research was conducted at the Integrated Science Laboratory, Muhammadiyah Metro University. Based on the data analysis, the results showed that the variation in the order of administration of the solution affected the clarity of the preparations. Variations in the order of tubers of Curcuma longa Linn solution, Basella alba, Linn fruit, Dracaena angustifolia leaves gave the best effect on the clarity of plant tissue in stems of spinach (Amaranthus spinosus L). The results of this study can be used as a medium for learning biology in the form of preserved preparations.Kata kunci: Jaringan tumbuhan, buah binahong, kunyit, daun suji, Pewarna alami
EVALUASI KINERJA RUAS JALAN PERBATASAN PAPUA BARAT (MARUNI – BATAS KOTA MANOKWARI)
Authors: Parlindungan Charlton , Wahyuni Atik 
Published: June 2022

Dalam sistem transportasi perkotaan di wilayah Manokwari, ruas Jalan Maruni - Bts Kota Manokwari berperan sebagai jalan utama yang digunakan oleh pemakai jalan menuju pusat kota maupun luar kota. Jalan Maruni - Bts Kota Manokwari ini juga merupakan Jalan Nasional penghubung 13 Kabupaten/ Kota. Kabupaten Manokwari sebagai salah satu Kabupaten di Papua Barat, saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat, sehingga menyebabkan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan sarana prasarana transportasi. Pada Kabupaten Manokwari, peningkatan pergerakan masyarakat tidak diimbangi dengan ketersediaan ruas-ruas jalan sebagai aspek prasarana transportasi, untuk itu diperlukan penelitian untuk mengetahui kinerja Ruas Jalan Maruni - Bts Kota Manokwari dan juga alternatif penanganan untuk peningkatan pelayanan jalan Maruni-Batas Kota Manokwari. Metode yang digunakan untuk menjawab masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode MKJI 1997, adapun hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengetahui alterenatif solusi penanganan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan jalan di ruas tersebut.