bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity and differentiation of populations of Anthyllis vulneraria along elevational and latitudinal gradients
Authors: Daco Laura , Matthies Diethart , Hermant Sylvie , Colling Guy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe abundant centre model (ACM) predicts that the suitability of environmental conditions for a species decreases from the centre of its distribution toward its range periphery and, consequently, its populations will become scarcer, smaller and more isolated, resulting in lower genetic diversity and increased differentiation. However, little is known about whether genetic diversity shows similar patterns along elevational and latitudinal gradients with similar changes in important environmental conditions. Using microsatellite markers, we studied the genetic diversity and structure of 20 populations each of Anthyllis vulneraria along elevational gradients in the Alps from the valleys to the elevational limit (2500 m) and along a latitudinal gradient (2500 km) from Central Europe to the range margin in northern Scandinavia. Both types of gradients corresponded to an 11.5°C difference in mean annual temperature. Genetic diversity strongly declined and differentiation increased with latitude in line with the predictions of the ACM. However, as population size did not decline with latitude and genetic diversity was not related to population size in A. vulneraria, this pattern is not likely to be due to less favorable conditions in the North, but due to serial founder effects during the post‐glacial recolonization process. Genetic diversity was not related to elevation, but we found significant isolation by distance along both gradients, although the elevational gradient was shorter by orders of magnitude. Subarctic populations differed genetically from alpine populations indicating that the northern populations did not originate from high elevational Alpine ones. Our results support the notion that postglacial latitudinal colonization over large distances resulted in a larger loss of genetic diversity than elevational range shifts. The lack of genetic diversity in subarctic populations may threaten their long‐term persistence in the face of climate change, whereas alpine populations could benefit from gene flow from low‐elevation populations.
An examination of the state of awareness of the problem of climate change in Turkey for those living in cities: The case of Eskişehir Province
Authors: Ağırbaş Nihal C. , Sarıçam Sibel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Climate change directly or indirectly affects the standard of living and quality of life for everyone, and so it has generated widespread interest and concern. Human awareness of global climate change, knowledge of the dimensions of the problem, and its consequences, are the first and most important steps towards a solution. However much the United Nations Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement are seen as global efforts to combat climate change, economic outcomes overshadow worries about climate change. Therefore, even if individual awareness seems small for such a large problem, it is as an effective first step. In this regard, a survey was conducted among 384 people living in the districts of Odunpazarı and Tepebaşı of Eskişehir province to determine their levels of awareness and knowledge of climate change. Survey participants were evaluated with regard to the district in which they lived and their gender, age group, education, membership in nongovernmental organizations (NGO), and income. Correlations between various determinant characteristics of the participants and their knowledge of climate change and readiness to pay more for goods produced without harming the environment are presented with χ2 analysis, percentages, and proportions. No statistically significant correlation was found between knowledge of climate change of the participants and district, age, or gender, but a significant correlation was found between education and income levels, and NGO membership. There was no correlation between being willing to pay more for goods produced without harming the environment and district. No correlation was found between NGO membership and readiness to pay more for goods produced without harming the environment. Both central districts are close to each other and are very similar in terms of lifestyle, income, and the practices of local administrations regarding climate change and environmental problems. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:382–394. © 2022 SETAC
Green business practices and corporate financialization: Role of female directors in Chinese small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Huang ChengMing , Mirza Sultan Sikandar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examines the impact of green business practices (GBP) on firm financialization and, analyzes the moderating role of female directorship in China. A‐share listed non‐financial firms are sampled (total 1049 firms including 284 small and medium enterprises [SMEs]) from Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2009 to 2020. OLS and fixed‐effects regression techniques are applied and the results show a significantly positive relationship between GBP and firms’ financialization level (FIN) in the whole sample. Also, greater female directorship strengthens this relationship in Chinese firms. However, for SMEs in China, this study does not support a relationship between GBP and firm financialization. Nonetheless, the moderating role of female directorship is more significant among SMEs. The findings of this study may assist policymakers in devising policies tailored separately for SMEs and non‐SMEs in China.
Porphyromonas gingivalis and dental stem cells crosstalk amplify inflammation and bone loss in the periodontitis niche
Authors: Ezhilarasan Devaraj , Varghese Sheeja S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPeriodontitis is the sixth most prevalent disease, and almost 3.5 billion people are affected globally by dental caries and periodontal diseases. The microbial shift from a symbiotic microbiota to a dysbiotic microbiota in the oral cavity generally initiates periodontal disease. Pathogens in the periodontal microenvironment interact with stem cells to modulate their regenerative potential. Therefore, this review focuses on the interaction between microbes and stem cells in periodontitis conditions. Microbes direct dental stem cells to secrete a variety of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which increase the inflammatory burden in the damaged periodontal tissue, which further aggravates periodontitis. Microbial interaction also decreases the osteogenic differentiation potential of dental stem cells by downregulating alkaline phosphatase, runt‐related transcription factor 2, type 1 collagen, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and so on. Microbe and stem cell interaction amplifies pro‐inflammatory cytokine signaling in the periodontitis niche, decreasing the osteogenic commitment of dental stem cells. A clear understanding of microbial stem cell interactions is crucial in designing regenerative therapies using stem cells in the management of periodontitis.
Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus and risk factors in Jiuquan area, China
Authors: Fang Yuan , Li Wenli , Zhang Ying , Zhou Chang , Wu Huanwu , Zhang Yiting , Dai Tao , Wang Jinzhi , Wang Lei , Chen Tongqing , Zhu Yulin , Wang Linding 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is high in Xinjiang, China. But the seroprevalence of KSHV and risk factors are still unknown in Gansu which is adjacent to Xinjiang. Six hundred and seventy‐eight serum samples of the general population and 87 serum samples of syphilis patients from Jiuquan, Gansu were tested for antibodies against KSHV, including one latent protein (ORF73) and two lytic proteins (ORF65 and K8.1) using the ELISA. The total KSHV‐seropositive rate was 15.9% in 678 serum samples in the Jiuquan area, and the KSHV‐seropositive rate of males was higher than females (18.0% vs. 14.6%, p > 0.05). The Uygur, Kazakh, Hui, Manchu, and Mongolian populations had a higher seroprevalence of KSHV than the Han population (43.8%, 40.0%, 34.5%, 30.3%, 35.0% vs. 11.0%, respectively) among the ethnic groups in Jiuquan. Compared to the Han, Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Manchu, and Mongolian people had an increase in the risk of KSHV of 528.9%, 439.1%, 325.6%, 251.6%, and 335.4% (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.003, respectively). The serum prevalence of KSHV in subjects aged < 20 years, 20−50 years, and >50 years was 13.8%, 14.7%, and 20.1%, respectively. Compared to the subjects aged < 20 years, 20−50 years and >50 years had an increase in the risk of KSHV of 7.4% and 56.9% (p = 0.829 and p = 0.204, respectively). Compared to the positive rate of KSHV in the general population of Anhui, the positive rate of KSHV was significantly higher in the general population of the Jiuquan area (15.9% vs. 9%, p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of KSHV between the Han population of Jiuquan and the Han population of Anhui (p > 0.05). In the population of syphilis patients in the Jiuquan area, the positive rate of KSHV was 30.7%, which was higher than that of the general population in the Gansu area (p < 0.05). This study indicates that Gansu has a high seroprevalence of KSHV. Ethnicity and syphilis are risk factors for KSHV infection.
Are the Verbal TTCT Forms Actually Interchangeable?
Authors: Grajzel Katalin , Dumas Denis , Acar Selcuk 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTOne of the best‐known and most frequently used measures of creative idea generation is the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT). The TTCT Verbal, assessing verbal ideation, contains two forms created to be used interchangeably by researchers and practitioners. However, the parallel forms reliability of the two versions of the TTCT Verbal has not been examined for over 50 years. This study provides a long‐needed evaluation of the parallel forms reliability of the TTCT Verbal by correlating publisher generated and text‐mining‐based scores across the forms. The relatively weak relationship between the two forms, ranging between .21 and .40 for the overall TTCT Verbal and ranging between .03 and .33 for the individual TTCT Verbal tasks, suggests that caution should be exercised when researchers and practitioners use the two forms as equivalent measures of verbal creative idea generation.
Micellization, aggregation, and molecular interactions involved in CTAB‐Alizarin Red S complexation
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Hingrajiya Jay , Modi Jigisha , Rathod Vikram , Kuperkar Ketan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSurfactant–dye complexation between anionic dye: Alizarin Red S (ARS) and cationic surfactant:cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated in an aqueous medium at 303.15 K employing various physicochemical characterization to offer an understanding of the micellization conduct. Here, micellization and thermodynamic parameters have been calculated using the tensiometry and conductivity approach. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CTAB is observed to decrease in presence of ARS. The Gibbs energy of micellization () remains be negative on increasing the ARS content which indicated the spontaneity of the overall micellization process. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) reflected the impact of interactions between CTAB and ARS. ARS solubilization in CTAB micelles caused a red (bathochromic) shift in the ultraviolet–visible spectrum below the CMC thereby inferring that ARS undergoes J‐type aggregation in the pre‐micellar region. The intercept drawn following the Job's (corrected absorbance vs. CTAB volume ratio plot) method depicted the volume fractions of (equimolar) ARS (VARS) and CTAB (VCTAB) expressed in v/v occurring at VARS/VCTAB = 0.52/0.48, suggesting their stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 amid each molecule of ARS and CTAB leading to CTAB‐ARS ion‐pair complexation. A computational simulation method using molecular orbital energy calculations was used to evaluate the successive correlation between CTAB and ARS to comprehend the binding mechanism. The lower energy gap (ΔE) value of CTAB‐ARS indicated the favorable interaction of ARS with CTAB. Thus, the present work will reflect the significance of surfactant–dye systems in analytical and biochemistry research; and may open novel possibilities in dye absorption and their applications in the removal of dyes using surfactants.
Authors publishing repeatedly in predatory journals: An analysis of Scopus articles
Authors: Frandsen Tove Faber 
Published: August 2022

AbstractScholars engage with so‐called predatory or questionable journals for many different reasons. Among the contributing factors are monetary payoffs and the possibility of fast track faculty positions or promotion. It has been claimed that fast tracking promotion by using predatory publication outlets is an increasing problem. This study analyses the authors publishing in predatory journals with a focus on authors repeatedly publishing in predatory journals. In this study, a set of so‐called predatory journals indexed in Scopus was used. The data included 243,396 authorships of articles and reviews published from 2004 to 2021 by 169,742 unique authors. This study finds that 55% of the authors publish in one of these journals only once, 34.5% publish 2–5 times in these journals, 6.3% publish in them 6–10 times, and 4.2% publish more than 10 times. Furthermore, this study finds that the mean and median number of articles and reviews is correlated with the number of articles and reviews in predatory journals. Finally, authors publishing in predatory journals do not confine themselves to these journals and also publish in validated journals as well.
Molecular Exchange of Dynamic Imine Bond for the Etching of Polymer Particles
Authors: Mao Jie , Wu Tong , Tang Zhenbin , Xia Long , He Liu , Zeng Birong , Xu Yiting , Yuan Conghui , Dai Lizong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe underlying trend of colloidal synthesis has focused on extending the structure and composition complexity of colloidal particles. Hollow and yolk–shell particles are successful examples that have potential applications in frontier fields. In this paper, a facile and controllable etching method based on the molecular exchange of the dynamic imine bond to generate cavities in polymer particles is developed. Starting from boronate ester polymer particles and inorganic@boronate core–shell particles with the imine bonds incorporated in the polymer networks, the etching method easily affords hollow and yolk–shell particles with tunable shell thicknesses. The molecular exchange dynamics analysis indicates that guest amine molecules cause the reconstruction of imine bonds and the leakage of molecular and oligomer fragments, resulting in the formation of the hollow structure. This molecular exchange‐based etching method may be of interest in the construction of polymer architectures with increased composition and structure complexities.
A Test of Deriving Sex-Composition Data for the Directed Pacific Halibut Fishery via At-Sea Marking
Authors: Loher Timothy , McCarthy Orion , Sadorus Lauri L. , Erikson Lara M. , Simeon Anna , Drinan Daniel P. , Hauser Lorenz , Planas Josep V. , Stewart Ian J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sensitivity analyses have identified uncertainty regarding sex ratios within commercial landings of Pacific Halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis as an influential source of variance within annual stock assessments for this species in U.S. and Canadian waters. Sex composition of dockside landings cannot be directly observed because all retained fish must be eviscerated at sea, and sex cannot be visually determined in the absence of the gonads. In the current study, a marking program was evaluated in which sex-specific marks were applied by fishers to their retained catch, the mark was recorded during dockside monitoring, and the accuracy of the recorded sexes was validated using genetic techniques. The chosen marks (two vertical cuts in the dorsal fin for females and a single cut in the operculum of males) were considered by fishers to be easy to apply during at-sea processing and produced sex-ratio estimates that were equivalent to genetic results for 65% of sampled landings. However, vessel- and region-specific accuracy was variable. Additional incentives to encourage vessels to participate in the program, continued outreach, or potentially a regulatory requirement to mark fish would be required to produce sufficient data to satisfy stock assessment needs, and ongoing validation would likely need to accompany such a program to ensure consistent and acceptable data quality.
Controlling axonal regeneration with acellular nerve allograft limits neuroma formation in peripheral nerve transection: An experimental study in a swine model
Authors: Grimm Patrick D. , Wheatley Benjamin M. , Tomasino Allison , Leonhardt Crystal , Hunter Daniel A. , Wood Matthew D. , Moore Amy M. , Davis Thomas A. , Tintle Scott M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSymptomatic neuromata are a common indication for revision surgery following amputation. Previously described treatments, including traction neurectomy, nerve transposition, targeted muscle re‐innervation, and nerve capping, have provided inconsistent results or are technically challenging. Prior research using acellular nerve allografts (ANA) has shown controlled termination of axonal regrowth in long grafts. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of a long ANA to prevent neuroma formation following transection of a peripheral nerve in a swine model.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐two adult female Yucatan miniature swine (Sus scrofa; 4–6 months, 15–25 kg) were assigned to control (ulnar nerve transection only, n = 10), treatment (ulnar transection and coaptation of 50 mm ANA, n = 10), or donor (n = 2) groups. Nerves harvested from donor group animals were treated to create the ANA. After 20 weeks, the transected nerves including any neuroma or graft were harvested. Both qualitative (nerve architecture, axonal sprouting) and quantitative histologic analyses (myelinated axon number, cross sectional area of nerve tissue) were performed.ResultsQualitative histologic analysis of control specimens revealed robust axon growth into dense scar tissue. In contrast, the treatment group revealed dwindling axons in the terminal tissue, consistent with attenuated neuroma formation. Quantitative analysis revealed a significantly decreased number of myelinated axons in the treatment group (1232 ± 540) compared to the control group (44,380 ± 7204) (p < .0001). Cross sectional area of nerve tissue was significantly smaller in treatment group (2.83 ± 1.53 mm2) compared to the control group (9.14 ± 1.19 mm2) (p = .0012).ConclusionsAberrant axonal growth is controlled to termination with coaptation of a 50 mm ANA in a swine model of nerve injury. These early results suggest further investigation of this technique to prevent and/or treat neuroma formation.
Automatic segmentation of prostate MRI based on 3D pyramid pooling Unet
Authors: Li Yuchun , Lin Cong , Zhang Yu , Feng Siling , Huang Mengxing , Bai Zhiming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeAutomatic segmentation of prostate magnetic resonance (MR) images is crucial for the diagnosis, evaluation, and prognosis of prostate diseases (including prostate cancer). In recent years, the mainstream segmentation method for the prostate has been converted to convolutional neural networks. However, owing to the complexity of the tissue structure in MR images and the limitations of existing methods in spatial context modeling, the segmentation performance should be improved further.MethodsIn this study, we proposed a novel 3D pyramid pool Unet that benefits from the pyramid pooling structure embedded in the skip connection (SC) and the deep supervision (DS) in the up‐sampling of the 3D Unet. The parallel SC of the conventional 3D Unet network causes low‐resolution information to be sent to the feature map repeatedly, resulting in blurred image features. To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional 3D Unet, we merge each decoder layer with the feature map of the same scale as the encoder and the smaller scale feature map of the pyramid pooling encoder. This SC combines the low‐level details and high‐level semantics at two different levels of feature maps. In addition, pyramid pooling performs multifaceted feature extraction on each image behind the convolutional layer, and DS learns hierarchical representations from comprehensive aggregated feature maps, which can improve the accuracy of the task.ResultsExperiments on 3D prostate MR images of 78 patients demonstrated that our results were highly correlated with expert manual segmentation. The average relative volume difference and Dice similarity coefficient of the prostate volume area were 2.32% and 91.03%, respectively.ConclusionQuantitative experiments demonstrate that, compared with other methods, the results of our method are highly consistent with the expert manual segmentation.
DL‐based inpainting for metal artifact reduction for cone beam CT using metal path length information
Authors: Gottschalk Tristan M. , Maier Andreas , Kordon Florian , Kreher Björn W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMetallic implants, which are inserted into the patient's body during trauma interventions, are the main cause of heavy artifacts in 3D X‐ray acquisitions. These artifacts then hinder the evaluation of the correct implant's positioning, thus leading to a disturbed patient's healing process and increased revision rates.PurposeThis problem is tackled by so‐called metal artifact reduction (MAR) methods. This paper examines possible advances in the inpainting process of such MAR methods to decrease disruptive artifacts while simultaneously preserving important anatomical structures adjacent to the inserted implants.MethodsIn this paper, a learning‐based inpainting method for cone‐beam computed tomography is proposed that couples a convolutional neural network (CNN) with an estimated metal path length as prior knowledge. Further, the proposed method is solely trained and evaluated on real measured data.ResultsThe proposed inpainting approach shows advantages over the inpainting method used by the currently clinically approved frequency split metal artifact reduction (fsMAR) method as well as the learning‐based state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) method PConv‐Net. The major improvement of the proposed inpainting method lies in the ability to correctly preserve important anatomical structures in those regions adjacent to the metal implants. Especially these regions are highly important for a correct implant's positioning in an intraoperative setup. Using the proposed inpainting, the corresponding MAR volumes reach a mean structural similarity index measure (SSIM) score of 0.9974 and outperform the other methods by up to 6 dB on single slices regarding the peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) score. Furthermore, it can be shown that the proposed method can generalize to clinical cases at hand.ConclusionsIn this paper, a learning‐based inpainting network is proposed that leverages prior knowledge about the metal path length of the inserted implant. Evaluations on real measured data reveal an increased overall MAR performance, especially regarding the preservation of anatomical structures adjacent to the inserted implants. Further evaluations suggest the ability of the proposed approach to generalize to clinical cases.