bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Bagherzadeh-Fard Mahsa , Yazdanifar Mohammad Amin , Aghaali Mohammad , Masoumi Maryam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases; meanwhile, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the most common organ-specific autoimmune disease that can lead to hypo or hyperthyroidism. Although the etiology of both diseases is complex with a combination of genetic and environmental factors, there are overlaps in genes contributing to the pathogenesis of both diseases. Numerous studies found a correlation between thyroid abnormality and RA in different populations, yet some didn’t. This study is aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, AITD, and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) positively in Iranian patients with RA.Methods: A total of 250 RA patients and 248 patients with non-inflammatory rheumatologic disease were included in this case-control study. All participants underwent entirely clinical and laboratory assessments. Participants were also assessed thyroid function testing, including anti-TPO antibodies.Results: Thyroid dysfunction was twice as common in RA patients as in controls (OR = 2.16; P-value > 0.001). Overt hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction among RA patients (58 out of 84). Anti-TPO positivity was also significantly more common in RA compared with controls (OR = 2.65; P-value > 0.001). The proportion of controls and RA patients with AITD were 9% and 21.5%, respectively. AITD was found 2.8 times more common in RA group than controls (OR = 2.77; P-value > 0.001). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that RA was an independent factor associated with thyroid dysfunction and AITD.
Wave-Based Analysis of Jointed Elastic Bars: Stability of Nonlinear Solutions
Authors: Leamy Michael Joseph , Balaji Nidish Narayanaa , Brake Matthew R. W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper we develop two new approaches for directly assessing stability of nonlinear wave-based solutions, with application to jointed elastic bars. In the first stability approach, we strain a stiffness parameter and construct analytical stability boundaries using a wave-based method. Not only does this accurately determine stability of the periodic solutions found in the example case of two bars connected by a nonlinear joint, but it directly governs the response and stability of parametrically-forced continuous systems without resorting to discretization, a new development in of itself. In the second stability approach, we pose a perturbation eigenproblem residue (PER) and show that changes in the sign of the PER locate critical points where stability changes from stable to unstable, and vice-versa. Lastly, we discuss follow-on research using the developed stability approaches. In particular, we identify an opportunity to study stability around internal resonance, and then identify a need to further develop and interpret the PER approach to directly predict stability.
Determination of Quizalofop-p-ethyl in onion spices: Weed control efficiency, residual profile, and food safety assessment under field conditions
Authors: Hazra Dipak , MONDAL PRITHUSAYAK , Purkait Aloke , Mandal Swagata , Bhattacharyya Sudip , Karmakar Rajib , Roy Sankhajit , Banerjee Tirthankar , Banerjee Hemanta 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Monitoring for pesticide residues in onion (Allium cepa L.) is important to protect consumer health and to ensure food safety. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive seasons with quizalofop ethyl (5% EC) @ 50 and 100 g a.i. ha-1 to evaluate weed control efficiency and to determine terminal residues. Double the recommended dose (100 g a.i. ha-1) produced higher weed control efficiency (88.53-95.13 %), lower weed density (4.15-7.73 m-2), and weed dry weight. A rapid, sensitive, and analytical method was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography with excellent linearity (r2 > 0.99). Accuracy of the method in terms of average recoveries ranged from 94.4 to 99.9 % at spiking levels of 0.04, 0.20 and 0.40 mg kg-1 with intra and inter-day precision expressed relative standard deviation RSD (%) between 0.1-2.3 and 1.7-3. The limit of quantification for quizalofop-p-ethyl was established at 0.04 mg kg-1 with signal to noise (S/N) ratio ≥10. The method was successfully applied and initial quantified residues were in the range of 2.5-4.4 mg kg-1 irrespective of seasons and doses. Finally, the presence of targeted herbicide residues in harvested samples was confirmed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) under optimized operating conditions. The herbicide dissipated to the lowest validated level (0.04 mg kg-1) between 10-15 days with half-life values (DT50) of 1.5-1.6 days. Dietary risk assessment assured harvested onions were safe for consumption at the recommended dose.
A Wavelength Tunable All Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Mode-Locked Laser At Full C-Band With A High Repetition Rate Of 126 Mhz
Authors: Jang Yoon-Soo , Park Jungjae , Jin Jonghan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a fully C-band wavelength-tunable mode-locked laser with an all-polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber architecture. A simple and compact laser design based on a fiber Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity enables the production of high-repetition-rate soliton pulses with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM) as a mode locker. Our fully C-band wavelength-tunable mode-locked laser has a repetition rate of 126.5 MHz, which is the highest repetition rate among C-band wavelength-tunable mode-locked lasers to the best of our knowledge. We observed a stable mode-locking state when the central wavelength was tuned from 1533.7 nm to 1565.6 nm. The broadband central wavelength tunability and high repetition rate of the all-PM mode-locked laser as demonstrated here will be compelling source for various applications, including optical communications, broadband spectroscopic LIDAR, and high-precision ranging.
Hypoxia Classifier for Transcriptome Datasets
Authors: Puente-Santamaria Laura , Sanchez-Gonzalez Lucía , Ramos-Ruiz Ricardo , Peso Luis del 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Molecular gene signatures are useful tools to characterize the physiological state of cell populations, but most have developed under a narrow range of conditions and cell types and are often restricted to a set of gene identities. Focusing on the transcriptional response to hypoxia, we aimed to generate widely applicable classifiers sourced from the results of a meta-analysis of 69 differential expression datasets which included 425 individual RNA-seq experiments from 33 different human cell types exposed to different degrees of hypoxia (0.1-5%O2) for 2-48h. The resulting decision trees include both gene identities and quantitative boundaries, allowing for easy classification of individual samples without control or normoxic reference. Each tree is composed by 3-5 genes mostly drawn from a small set of just 8 genes (EGLN1, MIR210HG, NDRG1, ANKRD37, TCAF2, PFKFB3, BHLHE40, and MAFF). In spite of their simplicity, these classifiers achieve over 95% accuracy in cross validation and over 80% accuracy when applied to additional challenging datasets. Our results indicate that the classifiers are able to identify hypoxic tumor samples from bulk RNAseq and hypoxic regions within tumor from spatially resolved transcriptomics datasets. Moreover, application of the classifiers to histological sections from normal tissues suggest the presence of a hypoxic gene expression pattern in the kidney cortex not observed in other normoxic organs. Finally, tree classifiers described herein outperform traditional hypoxic gene signatures when compared against a wide range of datasets. This work describes a set of hypoxic gene signatures, structured as simple decision tress, that identify hypoxic samples and regions with high accuracy and can be applied to a broad variety of gene expression datasets and formats.
Attributes of Primary Health Care in Mato Grosso Do Sul State: PCAT-Brazil Paired for Users and Health Professionals, 2018
Authors: Bomfim Rafael Aiello , Leite Hazelelponi , Zafalon Edilson José , De-Carli Alessandro Diogo , Santos Mara Lisiane Moraes 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective. The objective of the present study was to verify the quality of adult and older adults health care in Primary Health Care (PHC) services in the four health macro-regions of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, 2018. Methods. A quantitative survey was carried out in which the municipalities participating in the study included the four macro-regions following the Director Regional Plan (DRP). In this study, the quality of care was verified using the validated version of the PCAT-Br for adult and older adults users over 18 years of age and professionals. The macro-regions were compared between PHC attributes and between professionals and users in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and paired student t-test was performed. STATA v.14.2 software (College Station, TX, USA) was used for the analyses. Sensitivity analysis was done to compare the macro-regions and socio-demographic characteristics. Results. Eight hundred twenty-five users and 424 professionals participated in the study. According to users, the Accessibility attribute was the attribute with the worst performance in all macro-regions. There were significant differences between the perception of users and professionals in all attributes evaluated and regional differences between the perception of users among the four macro-regions analyzed. Conclusions. There was a difference in perception between users and professionals, and there were macro-regional differences between PHC attributes. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen PHC care networks in the State, mainly considering the users' perspective.
Acute Lower Limb Ischemia in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Xiaoqiang , Tang Tao , Wang Chuang , Li Wendong , Mei Tong , Han Shilong , Hu Nan , Du Xiaolong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Acute lower limb ischemia (ALI) with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a potentially fatal disease. We performed retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients examined from January 2015 to January 2021 that were diagnosed with definite APS and ALI, and tested positive for antiphospholipid antibodies; had undergone computed tomographic angiography or color doppler ultrasound, and showed clinical manifestations. In total, 72 APS-ALI patients were enrolled in this cohort study. The patients were divided into two groups: the delayed APS diagnosis group (APS-d) (n=40) and the timely APS diagnosis group (APS-t) (n=32).72.2% patients showed relieved ischemia symptoms (APS-d vs APS-t, p=0.035), 27.8% patients showed recurrence of thrombosis, and 23.6%patients needed further surgery (APS-d vs APS-t, p=0.042). 37.5% APS patients were administered intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (APS-d vs APS-t, p<0.01) and 34.8% were administered hormonotherapy (APS-d vs APS-t, p<0.01). The rate of amputation was 19.4% (APS-d vs APS-t, p=0.049) and the mortality rate was 16.6% (APS-d vs APS-t, p=0.033).Delayed diagnosis of APS in ALI patients was associated with a high risk of amputation and mortality. ALI patients who were diagnosed with APS early and underwent timely initiation of hormonotherapy, IVIG and anticoagulation, showed improved amputation and mortality.
Protease and Gag Diversity and Drug Resistance Mutations Among Treatment-Naive Mexican People Living with HIV
Authors: Climaco-Arvizu Samantha , Flores-Lopez Víctor , González-Torres Carolina , Gaytán-Cervantes Francisco Javier , Hernández-García María Concepción , Zárate-Segura Paola Berenice , Chávez-Torres Monserrat , Tesoro-Cruz Emiliano , Pinto-Cardoso Sandra María , Bekker-Méndez Vilma Carolina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: In Mexico, HIV genotyping is performed in people living with HIV (PLWH) failing their first-line antiretroviral (ARV) regimen; it is not routinely done for all treatment-naive PLWH before ARV initiation. The first nationally representative survey published in 2016 reported that the prevalence of pretreatment drug mutations in treatment-naive Mexican PLWH was 15.5% to any antiretroviral drug and 10.6% to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) using conventional Sanger sequencing. Most reports in Mexico focus on HIV pol gene and nucleoside and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI and NNRTI) drug resistance mutations (DRMs) prevalence, using Sanger sequencing, next-generation sequencing (NGS) or both. To our knowledge, NGS has not be used to detect pretreatment drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in the HIV protease (PR) gene and its substrate the Gag polyprotein. Methods: Treatment-naive adult Mexican PLWH were recruited between 2016 and 2019. HIV Gag and protease sequences were obtained by NGS and DRMs were identified using the WHO surveillance drug resistance mutation (SDRM) list. Results: One hundred PLWH attending a public national reference hospital were included. The median age was 28 years-old, and most were male 1 female (1%). The median HIV viral load was 4.99 [4.39-5.40] log copies/mL and median CD4 cell count was 150 [68.0-355.78] cells/mm3. As expected, most sequences clustered with HIV-1 subtype B (97.9%). Major PI resistance mutations were detected: 8 (8.3%) of 96 patients at a detection threshold of 1% and 3 (3.1%) at a detection threshold of 20%. A total of 1184 mutations in Gag were detected, of which 51 have been associated with resistance to PI, most of them were detected at a threshold of 20%. Follow-up clinical data was available for 79 PLWH at 6 months post-ARV initiation, seven PLWH failed their first ARV regimen; however no major PI mutations were identified in these individuals at baseline.Conclusions: The frequency of DRM in the HIV protease was 7.3% at a detection threshold of 1% and 3.1% at a detection threshold of 20%. NGS-based HIV drug resistance genotyping provide improved detection of DRMs. Viral load was used to monitor ARV response and treatment failure was 8.9%.
Supramolecular Grafting And Stabilization Of Manganese Complex On Kryptofix23 Modified Fe3O4@Carbon Nanosphere: As Highly Efficient, Reusable And Clean Nanocatalyst For Xanthene’s Unusual Coupling
Authors: Mohammadlou Samaneh , Pesyan Nader Noroozi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Grafting and stabilization of metal complexes for increasing catalytic activity have remained an enormous challenge in the catalytic arena. However, designing a catalytic system with complementary properties including high surface area, high loading, and easy separation offers a promising route for efficient utilization of magnetic material for various applications. Herein, novel core-shell nanosphere catalyst (Fe3O4@C/KP23@MnCl2) was successfully synthesized with a magnetite core encapsulated in a carbon shell. It was modified using CPTES (3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane) and Kryptofix23 (KP23) ligand in the carbon surface for conversion to Fe3O4@C/KP23 support. The Manganese complex was coordinated onto the KP23 ligand decorated Fe3O4@C to improve the unusual coupling xanthenes in ethanol. It was found proposed nanocatalyst is greener, recyclable, and more suitable option for the large-scale application and provide some new insights into organic transformation.
Proof-of-concept of polymetallic phyto-extraction of base metal mine tailings from Queensland, Australia
Authors: Nkrumah Philip Nti , Remigio Amelia Corzo , Ent Antony van der 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose The increasing volumes of mine tailings that are being generated globally because of the rise in metal demand whilst ore-grades continue to decline call for novel sustainable management options. Phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plant species may be one of such strategies. However, base metal mine tailings are inherently polymetallic that necessitate targeting multiple metal(loid)s for effective phytoextraction. The aim of this study was to conduct a proof-of-concept for polymetallic phytoextraction of base metal mine tailings. Methods Selected hyperaccumulator plants (Noccaea caerulescens targeting zinc, Biscutella laevigata and Silene latifolia targeting thallium, Phytolacca octandra targeting manganese) were grown in monocultures and mixed cultures for 12 weeks on tailings from the zinc-lead Dugald River and Mt Isa Mines, Queensland, Australia. Results Noccaea caerulescens accumulated zinc and manganese (up to ~1 wt% and ~1.4 wt%, respectively) with zinc-manganese co-localization at the leaf apex and margins. The monocultured B. laevigata exhibited severe toxicity symptoms, which were alleviated when co-cultured with N. caerulescens. Trichomes were important storage sites for zinc and manganese in B. laevigata. Silene latifolia accumulated higher thallium than B. laevigata, whilst P. octandra promoted thallium accumulation in S. latifolia.Conclusions This proof-of-concept test of polymetallic phytoextraction provides a real-life demonstration of this innovative technology which could be adapted to base metal mines around the world.
Design of Ultra Compact 4:2 Encoder using Two Dimensional Photonic Crystals
Authors: Sonth Mahesh V , Jyoti B , Gowre Sanjaykumar C. , Gadgay Baswaraj 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper all optical ultra compact 4:2 encoder is proposed and designed using two dimensional photonic crystals. The proposed structure has silicon rods of refractive index of 3.4 embedded in air host by creating line defects in hexagonal lattice platform. PWE method is used to determine the photonic band gaps and structure is analyzed using FDTD method. Further, the proposed 4:2 encoder is operated at 1550 nm and it provides a high contrast ratio of 9.25dB and foot print of the structure is 119.34 μm2. Hence it is highly advisable for photonic integrated circuits and optical signal processing.
Safety Evaluation and Biochemical Efficacy of Celery Seed Extract (Apium Graveolens) Capsules in Hypertensive Patients:
A Randomized, Triple-blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over, Clinical Trial
Authors: Rad Maryam Shayani , Moohebati Mohsen , MohammadEbrahimi Shahab , Motamedshariaty Vahideh Sadat , Mohajeri Seyed Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety of celery seed extract (Apium graveolens), as a medicinal herb with active ingredients such as 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), in hypertensive patients. This study was a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial. Hypertensive patients (51 participants) received 4 celery seed capsules (a total of 1.34g extract per day) or 4 placebo capsules per day for 4-weeks as a supplement to their usual medication regimen. The results indicated that the celery seed capsule not only was safe for hypertensive patients but caused a reduction in BP, FBS, and lipid profile values. Also, it had beneficial effects on kidney and liver functions. No significant change was observed in blood cells and serum electrolytes (P > 0.05). The mean reduction in BUN and SCr were 3.43 and 0.075 mg/dL, and in SGPT and SGOT were 4.08 and 3.03 U/L, respectively (P < 0.05). FBS reduced from 108.53 to 97.96 mg/dL after 4-weeks of celery administration (P < 0.01). The decrease in TC, TG, LDL, and increase in HDL were 16.37, 16.22, 11.84, and 2.52 mg/dL, respectively (P < 0.001). According to the promising results of this clinical trial, celery seed extract can be considered a safe supplement for hypertensive patients. The study is limited by the small sample size; therefore, larger randomized trials are required.
Barrier-free molecular reorientations in polyhedral water clusters
Authors: Gudkovskikh Sergey V. , Kirov Mikhail 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The structural stability of the weakest bonded configurations of water clusters in the form of gas hydrate cavities D and T, as well as in the form of Kelvin’s polyhedron, was tested using the local geometric optimization with the polarizable force field AMOEBA. A number of different barrier-free molecular rearrangements were observed. Most of the configurations changed their shapes, forming surface defects of the same type. But the main attention is paid to the coordinated molecular reorientations leading to the proton shift along hydrogen bonds. A number of statements about the topology of the hydrogen-bonded network are rigorously proved. It is concluded that the structural stability of configurations and the features of structural transformations are basically determined by the arrangement of the homodromic hydrogen-bonded water rings. The stability of the configurations, which retained their original shape during local geometric optimization, was studied by the molecular dynamics method with a gradual increase in temperature. Some interesting effects were found. This is the stabilizing locking of the most polarized configurations, as well as very intense amplitude oscillations of the free OH group at the end of two-bond flips.
Plasmodium relictum infection in Culex quinquefasciatus (Culicidae) decreases diel flight activity but increases peak dusk flight activity
Authors: Adams Dayvion , Golnar Andrew J. , Meyers Jacob I. , Slotman Michel A. , Hamer Gabriel L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Parasites are recognized for their ability to modify host physiology and behaviors in ways that increase parasite fitness. Protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium are a group of widespread vector-borne parasites of vertebrates, causing disease to a wide range of hosts, but most notably to human and avian hosts. We investigated whether infection with the avian malaria, Plasmodium relictum (GRW4 lineage), impacts flight activity in one of their natural vectors, Culex quinquefasciatus, using both parasites and mosquitoes colonized from local populations in East-Central Texas, USA. Groups of Culex quinquefasciatus were allowed to feed directly on canaries with active Plasmodium infections and control canaries with no Plasmodium exposure history. To test how Plasmodium sporogenesis impacts mosquito activity behavior, engorged mosquitoes from both control and experimental trials were placed into a Locomotor Activity Monitor after oviposition and beam breaks were monitored for eight days. When analyzed by total diel activity, Plasmodium-infected mosquitoes had significantly reduced flight activity when compared to control mosquitoes. However, when analyzed at the peak activity hours of dawn and dusk, infected mosquitoes flew significantly more than control mosquitoes in the first 30 minutes of light to dark transition (dusk), but not in the 1-hour and 2-hour periods after the transition. Flight activity at days 14 to 17 post-Plasmodium infection had greater flight activity than earlier days (9 to 12 post-infection), which coincides with when P. relictum oocysts erupt and sporozoites travel to the mosquito salivary glands. Based on this study, avian malaria parasites increase the flight activity of these mosquitoes at hours known for peak host-seeking behavior but decrease overall diel activity. Although the ramifications of this behavioral change for Plasmodium transmission are unclear, results provide additional empirical evidence suggesting that avian malaria can augment mosquito behavior, and subsequently transmission potential.