bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Klezmer Music in Eastern Europe and in America
Authors: Feldman Walter Zev 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
From the sixteenth until the earlier twentieth century, the Yiddish term “klezmer” referred to a largely hereditary Ashkenazic Jewish musicians’ guild that played for Jewish weddings through most of northeastern Europe. The klezmer musicians created a largely unified series of musical genres for listening and for dancing. By the later nineteenth century klezmer families transplanted this repertoire to North America. The first scholarship on this music was created by scholars in the tsarist empire and then in the Soviet Union. After the Holocaust, most of what survived from the klezmer repertoire and performance style was located in the United States. It was in New York that a serious revitalization movement began in the later 1970s, largely through apprenticeships with the remaining master klezmorim. By the early decades of the twenty-first century klezmer music had become a worldwide phenomenon, also taking in new generations of Russian and Ukrainian-Jewish performers, along with many non-Jewish musicians, from Berlin to Tokyo.
Tambura Bands and Sonic Flag Rituals in Croatian Weddings
Authors: MacMillen Ian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Based upon fieldwork with tambura chordophone bands at Croatian weddings, this chapter examines the musical procession of flags in wedding convoys. Scholars typically see flags’ symbolic roles as more semiotically limited than those of national music, but this assumes both forms’ stability (as symbols for interpretation) and discreteness from other sensory phenomena; these conditions do not hold as banners are lifted from static positions (where onlookers view them in two dimensions) into chaotic scenes obscured by automobiles, flares, and smoke. Tambura songs blasted by car speakers and live musicians similarly merge with horns and screeching tires, contributing to the ritual’s affective power while relinquishing some of their sonic and semiotic primacy. The flag’s procession facilitates an affective non-memorial: a revisiting of past perceptual intensities that, in invoking sounds and visuals from past patriotic moments using traditional music and ceremonial magic, is more about transformation from liminal states than about remembering.
Machiavelli and the Rhetoric of Republicanism
Authors: McCormick John P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scholars affiliated with the “Cambridge School,” most notably, J. G. A. Pocock and Quentin Skinner, accentuate rule of law, the common good, class equilibrium, and republican liberty in Machiavelli’s writings but dramatically underestimate the Florentine’s preference for class conflict and underplay his insistence on popular empowerment and elite accountability. I argue that they obscure the extent of Machiavelli’s antiaristocratic criticism of the republican tradition, which they fail to disclose is predominantly oligarchic in character. Furthermore, the prescriptive lessons that these scholars draw from republicanism for contemporary politics reinforce rather than reform the “senatorial,” electorally based, and socioeconomically agnostic republican model (originally devised by Machiavelli’s aristocratic interlocutor, Guicciardini, and later refined by Madison and Schumpeter) that permits common citizens to acclaim or reject but never determine public policy. Ultimately, Cambridge School hermeneutic endeavors and political interventions have little connection with Machiavelli’s “tribunate,” class-specific model of popular government elaborated in the Discourses, one that relies on extra-electoral accountability measures and embraces popular judgment over lawmaking and political trials.
“Always Watching Ourselves”
Authors: Garsten Bryan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores links between Benjamin Constant’s Romantic portrayal of the modern character in his fiction and his defense of representative government and liberalism. While Constant thought institutional design could help encourage more productive and less violent forms of political controversy, he understood that the institutions of representative government worked best when citizens had certain dispositions. The detached and self-critical sort of character he depicted in his fiction paralleled the detached and self-critical nature of parliamentary democracy. Constant hoped that the self-alienation endemic to modernity might help make possible the peaceful practice of rhetorical controversy in postrevolutionary liberal politics.
Quasi-Metaphoricity and the Turning Force of Alterity
Authors: Cheah Pheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the implications of Jacques Derrida’s deconstructive understanding of the process of metaphorization for the critique of the metaphysical humanism of the proper in political thought. In his early writings, Derrida suggests that the metaphorical process is rooted in and points to a radical force that arises from temporalization and the inhuman coming of time. In his later writings, Derrida’s attention to this inhuman force involves a rethinking of the political and its fundamental concepts such as sovereignty, fraternity, and autonomy from the ground up.
Skryabin’s Mystical Space and the Spectral Attitude
Authors: Smith Kenneth 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Following Marilyn Nonken in isolating the Russian pianist-composer Alexander Skryabin as one of spectralism’s principal progenitors, this chapter’s main focus is the pitch construction of Skryabin’s two miniatures Masques and Etrangeté op. 63 (1912), comparing their harmonic and rhythmic gestures with Tristan Murail’s suite for piano Les Travaux et les Jours (2002). The ultimate aims of this chapter in this comparison are two-fold: first, using the more recent phenomenon of spectral music, it sheds new light on a debate that stretches back at least a century to reassess the influence of the spectrum of upper partials on Skryabin’s compositions, showing how the terms of the debate need to be placed in a framework in which his stated intentions are critically assessed alongside the “music itself”; second, it explores the possibilities, realized by Skryabin and Murail in turn, hopefully of inspiration to future composers, of drawing creativity from the untempered overtone series in compositions that are limited to equal-temperament—in this case the piano—creating, under the banner of what might be called the “spectral attitude,” effects analogous to those produced by electronics and acoustically more dextrous instruments.
Buddhism and Film Theory
Authors: Fan Victor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
For many years, the role Buddhism played in twentieth-century Chinese intellectual thinking on cinema has been grossly underestimated. In this chapter, I argue that by addressing Buddhism’s footprint in early twentieth-century intellectual discussions of cinema, one can access a deeper register of how these thinkers might have understood cinema ontology and the relationship between its spectators and reality. I first address the question of why it is important to designate Chinese film criticism as part of the larger topos in global film theory. I also outline the historical development of film thinking and writing between the late-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries in China. Then, I explicate the role of Buddhism in late-Qing and early-Republican intellectual debates. With these contexts in mind, I illustrate how Buddhism can offer us new insights into certain impasses in the current debates in film and media studies.
Interested and Disinterested Judgments
Authors: Morgan Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The past twenty years have seen the reemergence of aesthetics as a critical category in the humanities. The terms proliferate: ornamental aesthetics, Black aesthetics, relational aesthetics. migratory aesthetics, blockbuster aesthetics, postcolonial aesthetics, and so on. Surveying the rise of aesthetics, this chapter focuses on cinema and media studies to isolate a tension between a cognitive model of aesthetics, broadly oriented toward an account of the cultural significance of art, and a sensory model, attuned to the immanence of encounter and the dynamics of nonconscious experience. As a way to bridge this divide, I suggest, a number of theorists have recently turned to Hannah Arendt’s writings on aesthetic judgment, using them to create a new link between aesthetics and politics, but I argue that the terms of Arendt’s analysis prove curiously incompatible with the powers and possibilities of moving-image media. Responding to the interest in Arendt, I show how Orson Welles’s The Trial (1962) stages aesthetic judgments against a range of other practices and forms of life, and that the disruptive style in the film offers—based centrally around the investments we have in and the various kinds of desire we have for images—raises a set of questions that provide a new avenue for aesthetic thought within the domain of film and media theory.
The Many Bodies of the Dancer-Actress
Authors: Iyer Usha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Much of the (rather meager) scholarship on film acting draws from theater-related discourses on emoting, voice, and presence, to the extent that a comparison with theater has overdetermined these studies. This chapter explores the critical consequences for theorizations of acting when we read it alongside dancing and corporeal theories of embodiment and impersonation. Theorizing acting through dancing prompts a reconfiguration of standards for acting that are predominantly founded on rubrics of psychological realism, transparency, and face-centered emoting, and shifts our focus to gesture, movement, the occupation of space, and mobilization of cinematic technologies by moving bodies. This focus on dance reenvisions acting as a choreographic phenomenon, investing theories of film performance with corporeal presence, drawing our attention to the thick materiality of laboring, moving bodies. A corporeally grounded theorization of film acting requires an engagement with regimes of training, rehearsal, and production cultures. The chapter draws examples from Hindi cinema of the 1950s to examine how dance training influences acting repertoires, and how this interpretive shift toward movement, gesture, and bodily comportment might alter our understanding of labor, virtuosity, and technique. It engages as well with Indian theories of abhinaya or expression to trace longer histories of acting. A corporeally grounded theory of screen performance affords a conceptual framework that may be extended to other cinemas and other kinds of performing bodies undergirded by movement. When we turn to dance to theorize film acting, we may affirm: “When I think of actors, I think of their bodies.”
Introduction
Authors: Stevens Kyle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Around the turn of the last century, both parts of “film theory” were put on life support. The shift to digital technologies threatened the materiality of film, and respected scholars pronounced the field of film studies to be “posttheory,” effecting a move into the new area of film and philosophy. But films—movies—are alive and well, whereas theory is not. This introduction resuscitates film theory by contrasting the philosophically true with the theoretically useful, urging for a reembrace of what theory makes possible for us to think. It is theory’s speculative utensils that afford the possibility of returning to film studies’ original dream of contributing to the larger project of social emancipation, for the value of film theory lies not solely in evaluating or understanding films and filmic technique but in understanding culture and its institutions.
“The Fold of Old Wounds”
Authors: Keeling Kara 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This chapter takes Julie Dash’s 1991 film Daughters of the Dust as itself the “theory” that might offer insights into selected issues raised by Eve’s Bayou and Mississippi Damned. It has two foci. The first is in how time and temporality participate in a cinematic project having to do with Blackness, violence, and gender that these films share. The second, related to the first, addresses the ways that these films forge the concept “Black woman” cinematically to bring sexual violence to the fore as a constitutive violence of White supremacy.
The Role of Alpha and Beta Oscillations in the Human EEG During Perception and Memory Processes
Authors: Michelmann Sebastian , Griffiths Benjamin , Hanslmayr Simon 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Traditionally alpha and beta oscillations have been viewed a passive phenomenon, being active only when our minds are idling. Empirical evidence over the last two decades challenges this classic view and suggests that alpha/beta oscillations play a much more active role during cognitive processes. In the human brain, alpha oscillations influence processing of large neural ensembles by regulating the strength of synchronization within these ensembles and by providing discrete time windows for firing. With EEG recordings we can observe these two mechanisms via modulations of the signal strength (i.e., power) and modulations of phase, respectively. This chapter focuses on these two signal properties of alpha/beta oscillations and reviews studies that investigated the relevance of alpha power and phase modulations in tasks involving perception and memory processes. These studies reveal a reduction in alpha/beta power when a stimulus is being perceived or mentally replayed. Furthermore, alpha phase reflects rhythmical sampling of stimulus information during perception, and the replay of that information during retrieval. Based on these findings, we argue that alpha oscillations play an active role in representing information-rich content in the brain. Importantly, alpha/beta oscillations perform this function regardless of whether the information is being presented externally, as is the case in perception, or whether it is being generated internally, as is the case in memory retrieval.
Logic Behind EEG Frequency Analysis
Authors: Curham Kyle J. , Allen John J. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
EEG provides a measure of the brain’s electrical activity as recorded from multiple electrodes placed on the scalp. In order to successfully measure and interpret these signals, a basic understanding of electricity and signal processing is prerequisite. This chapter, written at the beginner level, explains the electrical bases behind EEG such as grounding, voltage, current, power, frequency, and phase. Moreover, this chapter introduces basic signal processing techniques such as referencing, filtering, artifact handling, segmenting, windowing, and averaging. Finally, it provides an overview of approaches for examining time-domain (voltage by time) and frequency-domain (power by frequency) measures. EEG frequency analyses derive their theoretical basis from the Fourier transformation, a mathematical operation that represents the raw signal as a linear combination of sinusoidal waveforms of varying frequency. EEG frequency-domain analyses characterize frequency-dependent features, such as power and phase, in relation to cognitive, affective, and motor processes. Extending Fourier methods, which do not dynamically characterize how the frequency content of the signal changes over time, EEG time-frequency analyses are introduced to investigate non-stationary signal features.
Gamma Activity in Sensory and Cognitive Processing
Authors: Strüber Daniel , Herrmann Christoph S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gamma band activity is believed to reflect sensory processing and is often recorded from EEG electrodes associated with sensory cortices. When recorded from such sites, gamma activity is thought to be involved in sensory processing, specifically object representation. Beyond simple object representation, gamma activity may serve “higher-order” cognitive functions, such as goal-directed attention and working memory. Interestingly, disturbed gamma activity has been observed in neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders and Alzheimer’s disease. Gamma activity can occur as an early evoked response tightly phase-locked to stimulus onset or as a later induced response that jitters from trial to trial. This chapter details the current findings in the gamma band and addresses important methodological issues in this area.
Event Co-Creation
Authors: van den Ende Leonore 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increasingly, the evolution of artistic and cultural events like festivals evidences a shift from mere spectatorship to active participation, where attendees are construed as productive agents, creatively and constructively engaged with the event, driven more by a desire for self-expression than merely for entertainment. This development of “event co-creation” increasingly involves the audience in artistic and cultural programming, with an emphasis on immersion and play, rather than solely relying on presentational frameworks that solicit spectatorship. This chapter aims to study the recent development of event co-creation and how this allows for the development of novel perspectives for arts and cultural management. This chapter is based on ethnographic and qualitative research on festivals that are intentionally organized as co-creative events in the sense that they enable the active participation of multiple actors, including attendees. Utilizing a conceptual lens of “ritualization”—here understood as a culturally strategic practice for making distinctions and “making special”—this research shows how festivals serve as liminal spaces that enable an immersive, participatory experience, in contrast to ordinary, everyday settings and activities. The research further shows how event organizers strategically design and program festivals to enable co-creation as a kind of “programmed freedom,” rather than it being a purely bottom-up process that emerges in situ. The contribution of this chapter is a participatory perspective on arts and cultural management, focused on the organization of liminal spaces that facilitate cultural participation and (co-)production, and are thus instilled with innovative and transformative capacity.
Jasmonic acid and salicylic acid modulate systemic reactive oxygen species signaling during stress responses
Authors: Myers Ronald J , Fichman Yosef , Zandalinas Sara I , Mittler Ron 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plants can send long-distance cell-to-cell signals from a single tissue subjected to stress to the entire plant. This ability is termed “systemic signaling” and is essential for plant acclimation to stress and/or defense against pathogens. Several signaling mechanisms are associated with systemic signaling, including the reactive oxygen species (ROS) wave, calcium wave, hydraulic wave, and electric signals. The ROS wave coordinates multiple physiological, molecular, and metabolic responses among different parts of the plant and is essential for systemic acquired acclimation (SAA) to stress. In addition, it is linked with several plant hormones, including jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA). However, how these plant hormones modulate the ROS wave and whether they are required for SAA is not clear. Here we report that SA and JA play antagonistic roles in modulating the ROS wave in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). While SA augments the ROS wave, JA suppresses it during responses to local wounding or high light (HL) stress treatments. We further show that ethylene and ABA are essential for regulation of the ROS wave during systemic responses to local wounding treatment. Interestingly, we found that the redox-response protein NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS RELATED PROTEIN 1 is required for systemic ROS accumulation in response to wounding or HL stress, as well as for SAA to HL stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that interplay between JA and SA might regulate systemic signaling and SAA during responses of plants to abiotic stress or wounding.
What makes databases tick: Logics that underpin national databases for research output in Europe
Authors: Sīle Linda , de Rijcke Sarah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The increasing use of research metrics in the monitoring and evaluation of research has led to the expansion of research information infrastructure, as indicated by the rising number of national databases for research output and research information systems. At the same time, debates on requirements of national databases for research output are typically guided by simplistic assumptions about what an infrastructure is and how it shapes our understanding of different phenomena. We present an alternative framing of databases wherein infrastructure and context are seen as mutually constitutive. Drawing upon qualitative data on 12 national databases in Europe, we investigate the role that databases for research output play in research metrics and consequently in our understanding of research activities. Specifically, we bring to the surface database features that are typically left implicit and yet are crucial for understanding these databases in context. A key outcome of this study is an identification of two database logics—New Public Management and Enlightenment—that underpin database designs and the organization of database work. These logics do not merely guide practical database work (e.g. by determining the features of highest priority), but through the outcomes of that work they both enact and distribute a particular conception of what research is. In this article, we show how the two logics manifest and how they are related to each other. Situating these findings in the landscape of developments in research information infrastructure, we discuss implications for research evaluation and the understanding of research in general.
Association between beverage consumption and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective study from the French E3N Cohort
Authors: Ascione Sophia , Barde François , Artaud Fanny , Nguyen Yann , Macdonald Conor , Mariette Xavier , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Salliot Carine , Seror Raphaèle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the relationship between consumption of largely consumed beverages (coffee, tea, alcohol and soft drinks) and the risk of RA.Material and methodsThe E3N Study (Étude Épidémiologique auprès des femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l’Éducation Nationale) is a French prospective cohort including 98 995 women since 1990. Food and beverage consumption was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% CI for incident RA were estimated by Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsAmong 62 631 women, 481 incident RA cases were identified. Consumptions of tea, alcohol and sugar-sweetened soft drinks were not associated with RA risk. We observed a linear association between coffee consumption and RA risk [≥4 cups/day vs ≤1cup/day, HR  =  1.24; 95% CI (0.94, 1.64), Ptrend  =  0.04], and a higher risk of RA with artificially sweetened soft drinks consumption [consumers vs not, HR  =  1.66; 95% CI (1.12, 2.45)], particularly in never-smokers. Among ever-smokers, moderate liquor intake was associated with a reduced risk of RA [1–3 glasses/week vs non-consumers, HR  =  0.63; 95% CI (0.43, 0.91)] and moderate wine consumption with a reduced risk of seropositive RA.ConclusionsIn a large cohort of women, tea, alcohol and sugar-sweetened soft drinks consumption was not associated with RA risk, whereas consumption of coffee (especially caffeinated coffee), and artificially sweetened soft drinks was associated with higher RA risk, particularly among never-smokers. If further confirmed, these results could lead to novel mechanistic hypotheses and to simple prevention measures.