bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous-mode quantum key distribution with digital signal processing
Authors: Chen Ziyang , Wang Xiangyu , Yu Song , Li Zhengyu , Guo Hong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) offers extraordinary superiority of sharing keys remotely by the use of standard telecom components, thereby promoting cost-effective and high-performance metropolitan applications. On the other hand, high-rate introduced spectrum broadening has pushed CVQKD from single-mode to continuous-mode region, resulting in the adoption of modern digital signal processing (DSP) technologies to recover quadrature information from continuous-mode quantum states. However, the security proof of DSP involving multi-point processing is a missing step. Here we propose a generalized method of analyzing continuous-mode states processing by linear DSP via temporal-modes theory. The construction of temporal modes plays a key role in reducing the security proof to single-mode scenarios. The proposed practicality-oriented security analysis method paves the way to build classical compatible digital CVQKD.
Discrepancies among hospital physicians regarding the Do Not Attempt Resuscitation order and its interpretation
Authors: Keränen Tapani , Kuusisto Hanna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A Do Not Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) order is one of the most important medical decisions in providing adequate end-of-life care. There is variation in national and local policies of making a DNAR order in spite of the recent European guidelines. Physicians in general perceive challenges in making a DNAR order. However, possible variation across different clinical specialties is not known.
Methods
A link to the web-based multiple-choice questionnaire (Webropol) was sent by e-mail to all physicians and nurses working in the Tampere University Hospital special responsibility area covering a catchment area of 900,000 Finns. The questionnaire, developed by the authors, covered issues on DNAR order making, its meaning and documentation. Participants responded anonymously.
Results
In total, 934 subjects responded, of which 216 (23%) were physicians covering all specialties. A total of 154 (71%) of respondents were specialists and 62 (29%) were physicians in training. The responses of physicians were categorized into six categories according to clinical specialty: anesthesiology and intensive care unit (ICU), conservative departments, surgical departments, oncology, pediatrics and pediatric neurology, and psychiatry. In total, 63% of doctors in oncology and 73% in pediatric/pediatric neurology departments correctly recognized that a DNAR order relates only to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, while only 27–46% of physicians in anesthesiology or ICU, conservative and surgical departments, and psychiatry correctly recognized the meaning of DNAR. Challenges in interpreting the meaning of the DNAR order had been experienced by 62% of physicians in anesthesiology/ICU, 66% in conservative departments and 49% in operative departments, whereas frequencies were lower in oncological, pediatric/pediatric neurology and psychiatric departments (36–38%). Training in making a DNAR order was considered adequate by 66% of physicians in anesthesiology, 87% in oncology, and by only 20–56% of doctors in other specialties.
Conclusion
Our findings show specialty-related variation among hospital physicians in the interpretation of the scope of the DNAR order and who should be included in the decision-making process. There is need for further training in making a DNAR order in major hospital specialties.
Prevalence and predictors of depression among women in Afghanistan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Neyazi Ahmad , Haidarzada Ahmad Shoaib , Rangelova Vanya , Erfan Adiba , Bashiri Bahara , Neyazi Mehrab , Faizi Naweed , Konşuk-Ünlü Hande , Saokaew Surasak , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Depression is a very common mental health illness characterized by a cluster of signs and symptoms ranging from mood disturbances and sleep or appetite disorders to physical manifestations of the body. The present study estimated the prevalence of depression and its related factors among Afghan women.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among women between July 14, 2021, to August 15, 2021, in Kabul, Mazar-e-Sharif and Samangan provinces (Afghanistan). A total of 664 Afghan women participated in the study (mean age = 28.85 years; SD ± 11.57). In order to assess depression among participants, the 19-item validated Dari version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale was used.
Results
Approximately four-fifths of the sample had depression symptoms (79.1%). Participants with depression symptoms were significantly more likely to (i) be aged over 30 years, (ii) live in rural areas, (iii) have a low-income level, (iv) not have an occupation, (v) have any disease/illness, and (vi) have experienced an event that had mentally affected them in the past month.
Conclusion
Considering the high prevalence of depression among Afghan women, there is a need to integrate mental health services for women in Afghanistan. The use of interventions including regular screening for depression symptoms, and educating women and girls concerning the symptoms of depression for early self-diagnosis are essential.
C:N:P stoichiometry and nutrient resorption in mixed-species and monoculture forest plantations on the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Lu Senbao , Chen Yunming , Sardans Jordi , Penuelas Josep 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Effects of mixed-species on leaf and soil stoichiometry of nitrogen (N), carbon (C), and phosphorous (P) and foliar nutrient resorption efficiency are unclear. We analyzed the effects of stand structure, understory plant species diversity, and soil properties associated with mixed plantations ofRobinia pseudoacacia + Amygdalus davidiana(RPAD) andR. pseudoacacia + Armeniaca sibirica(RPAS) and monocultures ofR. pseudoacacia(RP);A. davidiana(AD), andA. sibirica(AS) on tree leaf and soil C:N:P stoichiometry, resorption efficiency of N (NRE) and P (PRE) on the Loess Plateau. The soil total C content in RPAD and soil total N content in RPAS were greater than for monocultures RP, AD, and AS. The highest soil C:N and C:P ratios were recorded from RPAD and the lowest were recorded from RPAS; leaf P content was greater in RPAD than RP and AD, while leaf C:N and C:P ratios were lower. NRE and PRE was lower in the mixed plantations than in RP, and PRE was lower in RPAS than in RPAD. Stoichiometry of leaf and soil C:N:P in the mixed and monoculture plantations was affected by stand and canopy densities, average tree height (AH), soil available P, and electrical conductivity. NuRE was positively correlated with leaf N content and N:P ratios, and AH, and negatively correlated with leaf C:N ratios and soil total P content. The planting of RPAD mixed plantation to increase productivity and to improve biogeochemical cycling and contribute to the restoration of ecosystem function.
Scientific practice promotes the learning of course “R&amp;D of New drugs” in clinical pharmacy undergraduate
Authors: Ge Jinfang , Zhu Maozong , Wen Jiagen , Wu Fanrong , Lu Weili , Meng Xiaoming , Xie Xuefeng , Chen Feihu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated the effect of scientific practice on the learning outcome in course “Research and Development of New Drugs” via analyzing the performance of 232 bachelor of clinic pharmacy degree (BCPharm) undergraduates. The results showed that the scores of BCPharm undergraduates with scientific practice were significantly higher than that of the controls, regardless of grade or gender. Moreover, there are more female BCPharm undergraduates than male participated in the scientific practice. These results indicated that scientific practice had a promoting effect for BCPharm undergraduates to learn the course “R&D of New drugs”.
Hypercoagulability: A Possible Mechanism for Acute Ischemic Stroke with Non-transfusion-dependent β Thalassemia
Authors: Zhou Guo-qiu , Chen Li-jie , Li Xiao-ling , Wu Xiao-ju , Mo Dong-can , Jiang Yi-ying , Hong Zhao-ju , Luo Man 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT), expecting to provide evidence and clues for the potential associations of AIS with NTDT.
Methods: We recruited 28 AIS patients with NTDT from October 1, 2007, to June 1, 2022 as the case group. The case group patients were individually categorized into non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group and non-transfusion dependent α-thalassemia group. Clinical and biological findings were compared between the case group and a consecutive cohort of 76 non-thalassemia patients who were admitted for an AIS during January 1, 2021, and January 31, 2021.
Results: Compared to the control group, the non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group had significantly higher levels of D-dimer, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum ferritin on admission (all p＜0.05). The primary ischemic stroke etiological subtype in the non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group was small vessel occlusion (SVO) which was significantly higher than that the controls (77.3% vs. 30.3%, p=0.001). Fasting blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels on admission were significantly lower in the non-transfusion dependent α-thalassemia group when compared to those in the non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group and in the control group (all p＜0.05).
Conclusion: The level of D-dimer and fibrinogen were significantly higher in the non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group than those in the control group, suggesting that AIS patients with non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia may have a hypercoagulable state. The most common ischemic stroke etiological subtype in the non-transfusion dependent β-thalassemia group was SVO.
Analysis of the therapeutic effect of holmium laser intervention on patients with complicated kidney stones and the relationship between serum LncRNA TapSAKI, MCP-1,IL-6 and prognosis of patients
Authors: Wang Daya , Li Zhijia , Chen Jianmin , Chen Ximeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroud:In order to analyze the therapeutic effect of holmium laser intervention on patients with complicated kidney stones and the relationship between serum LncRNA TapSAKI, MCP-1,IL-6 and prognosis of patients, the clinical efficacy of holmium laser interventional Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) for patients with complicated kidney stones is investigated.Methods:A total of 116 patients with complicated kidney stones admitted to the Department of Urology of our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 for surgical intervention are selected. Holmium laser combined with mPCNL and open nephrolithotomy group are established according to different surgical intervention methods, and the differences of serum LncRNA TapSAKI, MCP-1 and IL-6 indexes are observed.Results:Pearson correlation coefficient is used to analyze the correlation between serum LncRNA TapSAKI and MCP-1 and IL-6 in patients with complicated kidney stones. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis shows that serum LncRNA TapSAKI is significantly positively correlated with MCP-1 and IL-6 in patients with complicated kidney stones.Conclusion:It is clearly evident thatHolmium laser combined with mPCNL in the treatment of complicated kidney stones has advantages of high stone clearance rate, reduced risk of complications, and high safety in clinical application.
Lipid Metabolism Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pălărie Natalia , Pavlovschi Ecaterina , Lazăr Cornelia , Pălărie Victor , Palii Natalia , Rotaru³ Irina , Tagadiuc Olga 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, as well as the most prevalent cause for irreversible vision loss in working-age population.
The aim of the study was to analyze the association between DR in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), some lipid biomarkers changes, as well as to highlight the possible correlation.
Methods. A total of 72 T1DM patients were included in this study. The enrolled participants were assigned into three groups, based on the results of fundus photographs as following: 1st group - no DR, 2nd group - non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 3rd group - proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Serum lipids: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)) were measured at the baseline.
Results. The data revealed no difference in TG serum levels in patients of the 1st and 2nd groups. The increase of TG serum levels was identified with the progression of the DR in the 3rd group (+121%, p=0.018). TC also rose in patients in the 3rd study group (+19%, p>0.05 compared to the 1st and 2nd study groups). An increase of Lp (a) was highlighted with the evolution of DR: in the 2nd group (+73%, p>0.05) and in the 3rd group (by about 320%, p=0.019) compared to 1st study group. The correlation analysis revealed a weak positive correlation between the grade of DR and Lp (a) levels (rs=0.319, p=0.006), and TG (rs=0.239, p=0.043).
Conclusion. Our study exposed statistically significant modifications of the TG and Lp (a) levels correlated with the DR grade and a non-significant increase in TC level in T1DM persons. Our data indicate a likely involvement of lipid metabolism disorders in the progression of DR.
Effects of dietary oxidized fish oil on the growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant capacity of zebrafish
Authors: Jiang Weiwei , Guo Xiaoze , Wu Yancheng , Liu Wenshu , Wang Yuzhu , Li Debing , Li Siming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of oxidized fish oil (OFO) on the growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant function of zebrafish, and to determine the minimum concentration of oxidized fish oil to cause irreversible damage to the intestinal tissue structure of zebrafish. A 30-day feeding trial on zebrafish (average weight 0.054 g) was conducted in triplicate groups of fish fed four test diets containing different concentrations of OFO: 0% OFO (OFF, blank control), 2% OFO (OF1), 4% OFO (OF2), and 6% OFO (OF3). The body weight gain (WG), specific growth rates (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), and antioxidant function [glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA)] were recorded. The intestinal structure was observed at the end of the trial. After the 14-day experimental period, Final body weight (FBW), WG, and SGR decreased significantly with the increase in the concentration of feed OFO (P < 0.05), while FCR showed a downward trend. The activity of T-SOD decreased significantly, the activities of GSH-PX and CAT, and the MDA content increased significantly with the increase in the concentration of feed OFO (P < 0.05). The intestinal morphological damage score showed an upward trend with the increase in the concentration of OFO, and it was significantly higher in group OF2 and OF3 than in group OF1 (P < 0.05). After the 28-day test period, the trends of the experimental indexes and intestinal antioxidant function were the same as those on 14 days. With the increase of OFO concentration, intestinal morphological injury score significantly increased (P < 0.05). These results demonstrated that adding 4% OFO to the feed for 14 days could induce irreversible damage to the intestinal tissue structure, weaken the antioxidant function, and decrease the growth performance of zebrafish.
Gastrointestinal symptoms related to the consumption of high fermentable sugars (FODMAPs) in individuals with self-perceived dairy product intolerance
Authors: Vázquez Sophia Eugenia Martínez- , Coss-Adame Enrique , Remes-Troche José María , Lugo Alejandra Noble- , Sánchez Ramón Isaías Carmona- , Garibay Ricardo Humberto Raña- , Uscanga-Domínguez Luis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Lactose malabsorption is frequent in Mexico. Foods high in content of fermentable sugars (FODMAPs) –including lactose– cause symptoms in persons with gastrointestinal disorders. We describe the relation of sugar intake to gastrointestinal symptoms, in individuals with self-perceived intolerance to dairy products.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey with a sampling at convenience on symptom frequency and intensity, caused by dairy product and FODMAP (other than lactose) intake was applied to 823 consecutive participants seen for a gastroenterology consultation. Patients were divided into two groups: 1) self-perceived dairy product intolerance (SPDPI) and 2) self-perceived dairy product tolerance (SPDPT). Differences between groups were compared, utilizing hypothesis tests, and correlations were determined, using the Spearman’s rho test.
Results: A total of 464 (56%) participants fit the SPDPI definition, presenting with symptoms for more days (3 vs 1, p=0.0001) and of greater intensity (5 vs 1, p=0.0001), as well as with a higher symptom score upon FODMAP (other than lactose) intake, compared with the SPDPT subjects. The correlation between frequency and intensity was statistically significant (r= 0.618, p= 0.001), albeit moderate. Correlations between symptoms and FODMAPs (identifying oligosaccharides, polyols, and monosaccharides) were very weak.
Conclusion: The SPDPI subjects presented with distressing symptoms after ingesting FODMAPs other than lactose.
Brain-Based Gene Expression of Putative Risk Genes for Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Murray Stuart , Rokicki Jarek , Sartorius Alina , Winterton Adriano , Andreassen Ole , Westlye Lars T. , Nagata Jason , Quintana Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN) remains elusive. Recent genome-wide association studies identified the first genes liked to AN which reached genome-wide significance, although our understanding of how these genes confer risk remains preliminary. Here, we leverage the Allen Human Brain Atlas to characterize the spatially distributed gene expression patterns of genes linked to AN in the non-disordered human brain, developing whole-brain maps of AN gene expression. We found that genes associated with AN are most expressed in the brain, relative to all other body tissue types, and demonstrate gene-specific expression patterns which extend to cerebellar, limbic and basal ganglia structures in particular. fMRI meta-analyses reveal that AN gene expression maps correspond with functional brain activity involved in processing and anticipating appetitive and aversive cues. Findings offer novel insights around putative mechanisms through which genes associated with AN may confer risk.
The influence of lipids on adverse pregnancy outcomes differs between normal glucose tolerance and gestational diabetes mellitus women: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhao Ru , Ge Zhijuan , Hu Jun , Zhu Dalong , Bi Yan , Shen Shanmei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to evaluate the distinctive effects of maternal lipids on adverse pregnancy outcomes between normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies.
Methods
This retrospective study analysed 434 NGT pregnancies and 416 GDM pregnancies. According to the adverse outcomes, NGT and GDM pregnancies were divided into two groups, respectively. The risk of GDM and adverse outcomes were estimated by logistic regression.
Results
Compared to the lowest triglycerides (TG) levels, intermediate TG levels and the highest TG levels were connected to the risk of GDM (1.00 vs. 2.5 (95% CI, 1.5–4.4), and 3.8 (95% CI, 2.0–7.1), respectively. In GDM, the significant effect of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and that of total cholesterol (TC) on several outcomes disappeared after adjustment for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) fasting blood glucose and 1 h blood glucose. Besides, the effect of lipids on several outcomes was mainly noticed in GDM with relatively high glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) within the target range.
Conclusions
Maternal elevated lipid levels were associated with GDM and adverse outcomes. For GDM with HbA1c under the target range, stricter glycemic control is required if dyslipidemia presents.
Effects of long-term magnesium L-threonate supplementation on neuroinflammation and blood–brain barrier integrity in mice with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Fu Cong-Cong , Huang Lu , Xu Lufen , Yue Jiajia , Li Huilu , Liao Sha , Lian Chun , Jiang Lihong , Lin Peihao , Yang Jie , Yang Xinguang , Gao Cong , Long Youming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to elucidate the effects of and the potential mechanism underlying long-term magnesium supplementation on blood–brain barrier integrity in mice with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a severe and disabling autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, and in cultured human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells/D3 (hCMEC/D3).
Methods
Purified serum IgG collected from NMOSD patients was consecutively injected intraperitoneally into experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice to induce the NMOSD model. Magnesium L-threonate (MgT) was orally administered to NMOSD mice from the start of model induction to experiment completion. In cultured hCMEC/D3, siRNA technology was used to knockdown the expression of the magnesium transporter transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) to explore the mechanism of MgT.
Results
Magnesium concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid was significantly lower in NMOSD patients than in control patients. Pre-treatment with MgT to NMOSD mice relieved aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-IgG–induced AQP4 loss, glial fibrillary acidic protein activation, expanded perivascular space, demyelination, and decreased tight junction (TJ) protein expression. In vitro experiments demonstrated that treatment with MgT ameliorated the damaged TJ protein function, which was originally due to NMOSD; this amelioration was dependent on TRPM7.
Conclusions
MgT treatment has a potential protective effect against NMOSD. Magnesium supplementation may be a novel therapeutic approach for NMOSD.
Mediating effect of coping style on disease acceptance and quality of life in patients with acute stroke：Across-sectional study
Authors: Mei Dan , Zhang Pan , Lu Mengqian , Sun Zhumei , Xing Fengmei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability in the world, which often leads to physical dysfunction of patients and seriously affects their quality of life. Promoting patients to accept disease and actively respond to discomfort caused by disease can improve their quality of life. However, the role of coping styles in the relationship between disease acceptance and quality of life of stroke patients is still unclear.
Methods: Data were collected from 375 stroke patients, and the patient's population, disease status, disease acceptance, coping style and quality of life were obtained through questionnaire survey. Person correlation analysis was used to determine whether disease acceptance and coping style were related to quality of life, and stratified multiple regression method and PROCESS program in SPSS were used to analyze the mediating effect of coping style.
Results: The quality of life of stroke patients was positively correlated with disease acceptance (r=0.638, P<0.01), positively correlated with positive coping (r=0.519, P<0.01), negatively correlated with negative coping (r=-0.383, P<0.01), positively correlated with disease acceptance (r=0.597, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with negative coping (r=-0.406, P<0.01), The intermediary effect accounted for 33.4%.
Discussion: Disease acceptance can directly predict the quality of life of stroke patients. Coping style plays a part of intermediary role between disease acceptance and quality of life. Promoting patients to accept disease is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of life of patients.