bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triamcinolone acetonide-loaded nanoparticles encapsulated by CD90+ MCSs-derived microvesicles drive anti-inflammatory properties and promote cartilage regeneration after osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Yuanlong , Tu Qingqiang , Xie Dongmei , Chen Shurui , Gao Kai , Xu Xiaochun , Zhang Ziji , Mei Xifan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent human degenerative joint disorder that has long plagued patients. Glucocorticoid injection into the intra-articular (IA) cavity provides potential short-term analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects, but long-term IA injections cause loss of cartilage. Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reportedly promote cartilage proliferation and increase cartilage content.

Methods
CD90+ MCS-derived micro-vesicle (CD90@MV)-coated nanoparticle (CD90@NP) was developed. CD90+ MCSs were extracted from human synovial tissue. Cytochalasin B (CB) relaxed the interaction between the cytoskeleton and the cell membranes of the CD90+ MCSs, stimulating CD90@MV secretion. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticle was coated with CD90@MV, and a model glucocorticoid, triamcinolone acetonide (TA), was encapsulated in the CD90@NP (T-CD90@NP). The chondroprotective effect of T-CD90@NP was validated in rabbit and rat OA models.

Results
The CD90@MV membrane proteins were similar to that of CD90+ MCSs, indicating that CD90@MV bio-activity was similar to the cartilage proliferation-inducing CD90+ MCSs. CD90@NP binding to injured primary cartilage cells was significantly stronger than to erythrocyte membrane-coated nanoparticles (RNP). In the rabbit OA model, the long-term IA treatment with T-CD90@NP showed significantly enhanced repair of damaged cartilage compared to TA and CD90+ MCS treatments. In the rat OA model, the short-term IA treatment with T-CD90@NP showed effective anti-inflammatory ability similar to that of TA treatment. Moreover, the long-term IA treatment with T-CD90@NP induced cartilage to restart the cell cycle and reduced cartilage apoptosis. T-CD90@NP promoted the regeneration of chondrocytes, reduced apoptosis via the FOXO pathway, and influenced type 2 macrophage polarization to regulate inflammation through IL-10.

Conclusion
This study confirmed that T-CD90@NP promoted chondrocyte proliferation and anti-inflammation, improving the effects of a clinical glucocorticoid treatment plan.

Graphical Abstract
The impact of the work environment on the health-related quality of life of Licensed Practical Nurses: a cross-sectional survey in four work environments
Authors: Phillips Leah Adeline , de Los Santos Nyla , Ntanda Henry , Jackson Jennifer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Nurses are known to have negative health outcomes related to their work. While it is acknowledged that nursing work is associated with things like back injuries and burnout, there is limited evidence as to what factors in the work environment contribute to these issues.

Purpose
The aims of this study were to assess how Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) report their Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and how nurses’ health is impacted by their work environment.

Methods
These data used for analysis comes from a cross-sectional survey administered online to all LPNs in Alberta (2018). The survey collected data on the following variables: participant’s demographics, the SF-36 HRQoL, Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NW) and the CD-RISC measure of resilience. The beta distribution was used to model HRQoL outcomes. In instances where optimal health (score of ‘1’) was observed then an extended version of beta distribution (called one—inflated beta) was applied.

Results
4,425 LPNs responded to the survey. LPNs (mean age: 40) report lower scores on each SF-36 subscale than the general Canadian population aged 35–44. LPNs who work ‘causal’ had better physical health, (OR 1.21, CI 1.11–1.32, p = 0.000), and mental health (OR 1.22, CI 1.12–1.30, p = 0.000) than LPNs who work full time, even after controlling for resilience. LPNs’ views on the adequacy of staffing and resources in their workplaces have an influence across all dimensions of health.

Conclusion
This study suggests that improvements in the work environment could positively impact health outcomes and that adequate resourcing could support the nursing workforce.
Modelling the potential health and economic benefits of reducing population sitting time in Australia
Authors: Nguyen Phuong , Ananthapavan Jaithri , Tan Eng Joo , Crosland Paul , Bowe Steve J. , Gao Lan , Dunstan David W. , Moodie Marj 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundStrong evidence indicates that excessive time spent sitting (sedentary behaviour) is detrimentally associated with multiple chronic diseases. Sedentary behaviour is prevalent among adults in Australia and has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimating the potential health benefits and healthcare cost saving associated with reductions in population sitting time could be useful for the development of public health initiatives.MethodsA sedentary behaviour model was developed and incorporated into an existing proportional, multi-state, life table Markov model (ACE-Obesity Policy model). This model simulates the 2019 Australian population (age 18 years and above) and estimates the incidence, prevalence and mortality of five diseases associated with sedentary behaviour (type 2 diabetes, stroke, endometrial, breast and colorectal cancer). Key model inputs included population sitting time estimates from the Australian National Health Survey 2014–2015, healthcare cost data from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2015) and relative risk estimates assessed by conducting literature reviews and meta-analyses. Scenario analyses estimated the potential change in disease incidence as a result of changes in population sitting time. This, in turn, resulted in estimated improvements in long term health outcomes (Health-adjusted life years (HALYs)) and healthcare cost-savings.ResultsAccording to the model, if all Australian adults sat no more than 4 h per day, the total HALYs gained would be approximately 17,211 with health care cost savings of approximately A$185 million over one year. Under a more feasible scenario, where sitting time was reduced in adults who sit 4 or more hours per day by approximately 36 min per person per day (based on the results of the Stand Up Victoria randomised controlled trial), potential HALYs gained were estimated to be 3,670 and healthcare cost saving could reach A$39 million over one year.ConclusionsExcessive sedentary time results in considerable population health burden in Australia. This paper describes the development of the first Australian sedentary behaviour model that can be used to predict the long term consequences of interventions targeted at reducing sedentary behaviour through reductions in sitting time. These estimates may be used by decision makers when prioritising healthcare resources and investing in preventative public health initiatives.
Associations between food-specific IgG and health outcomes in an asymptomatic physical examination cohort
Authors: Wu Mingxia , Wang Xiaofang , Sun Li , Chen Zongtao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Although the association of food-specific IgG with the development and progression of specific diseases was shown by many studies, it is also present in the population without clinical symptoms. However, the association between food-specific IgG and physical examination outcomes in healthy people has not been studied yet.

Methods
An asymptomatic physical examination cohort (APEC) was selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the physical examination data were compared between IgG positive and IgG negative groups, and their odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
The data of 28,292 subjects were included in the analysis. The overall IgG positive rate was up to 52.30%, mostly with mild to moderate IgG positivity. The multivariable Logistic regression showed the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, abnormal fasting blood glucose and overweight was lower in the IgG (+) positive group (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.92; OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87–0.99; OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87–0.96) but there was a higher prevalence of thyroid disease (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.04–1.15).

Conclusion
Food-specific IgG positivity was widespread in the APEC and was associated with lower prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, abnormal fasting blood glucose and overweight. The underlying physiological mechanism merits further study.
The impact of age in acute type A aortic dissection: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Jun-Xia , Xue Yun-Xing , Zhu Xi-Yu , Chong Ho-Shun , Chen Zhong , Zhou Qing , Qu Jason-Zhensheng , Wang Dong-Jin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute type A aortic dissection (aTAAD) is a lethal disease and age is an important risk factor for outcomes. This retrospective study was to analyze the impact of age stratification in aTAAD, and to provide clues for surgeons when they make choices of therapy strategies.

Methods
From January 2011 to December 2019, 1092 aTAAD patients from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital received surgical therapy. Patients were divided into 7 groups according to every ten-year interval (20–80 s). The differences between the groups were analyzed in terms of the baseline preoperative conditions, surgical methods and postoperative outcomes of patients of different age groups. During a median follow-up term of 17 months, the survival rates were compared among 7 groups through Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Results
The median age was 52.0 years old in whole cohort. The multiple comorbidities were more common in old age groups (60 s, 70 s, 80 s), while the 20 s group patients had the highest proportion of Marfan syndrome (28.1%). Preoperative hypotension was highest in 80 s (16.7%, P = 0.038). Young age groups (20–60 s) had a higher rate of root replacement and total arch replacement, which led to a longer duration of operation and hypothermic circulation arrest. The overall mortality was 14.1%, the tendency of mortality was increased with age except 20 s group (33.3% in 80 s, P = 0.016). The postoperative morbidity of gastrointestinal bleeding and bowel ischemia were 16.7% and 11.1% in 80 s group.

Conclusions
Age is a major impact factor for aTAAD surgery. Old patients presented more comorbidities before surgery, the mortality and complications rate were significantly higher even with less invasive and conservative surgical therapy. But the favorable long-term survival indicated that the simple or less extensive arch repair is the preferred surgery for patients over 70 years old.
Medical error in treatment of Amanita phalloides poisoning in pre-hospital care
Authors: Smędra Anna , Wochna Katarzyna , Zawadzki Dariusz , Berent Jarosław 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Geopolitical and climate changes form the background of the current migration crisis. It has many faces. One of them are the tragic cases of poisoning of refugees due to eating wild forest mushrooms for socioeconomic reasons in the Western and Northern European countries. The most serious food poisonings in Europe, but not only, are caused by lamellar mushrooms, the most dangerous being Amanita phalloides. Its poisonous properties can be attributed to α-amanitin, an RNA polymerase II inhibitor. Unfortunately, as it is characterized by a delayed onset of symptoms, A. phalloides poisoning has a high risk of complications.

Case presentation
Our article presents a case of A. phalloides poisoning in a 28-year-old man, in which the responding medical emergency unit made errors in diagnosis and treatment. Since the correct diagnosis was made too late, the typical treatment of A. phalloides poisoning was ineffective. The patient suffered a life-threatening liver failure and needed liver transplant from a deceased donor.

Conclusions
Mushroom poisoning is a particularly important problem not only in countries with a mushroom picking tradition, but also—due to the inflow of refugees—in countries where mushroom poisoning was very rare until recently. In such cases it is crucial to quickly implement the correct procedure, as this can prevent the need for liver transplant or even death. This is a particularly important consideration for the first medical professionals to contact the patient, especially in cases where the patient reports mushrooms consumption and presents alarming symptoms of the gastrointestinal tract. Such situations cannot be underestimated and ignored.
The differential diagnosis of IgG4-related disease based on machine learning
Authors: Yamamoto Motohisa , Nojima Masanori , Kamekura Ryuta , Kuribara-Souta Akiko , Uehara Masaaki , Yamazaki Hiroki , Yoshikawa Noritada , Aochi Satsuki , Mizushima Ichiro , Watanabe Takayuki , Nishiwaki Aya , Komai Toshihiko , Shoda Hirofumi , Kitagori Koji , Yoshifuji Hajime , Hamano Hideaki , Kawano Mitsuhiro , Takano Ken-ichi , Fujio Keishi , Tanaka Hirotoshi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
To eliminate the disparity and maldistribution of physicians and medical specialty services, the development of diagnostic support for rare diseases using artificial intelligence is being promoted. Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare disorder often requiring special knowledge and experience to diagnose. In this study, we investigated the possibility of differential diagnosis of IgG4-RD based on basic patient characteristics and blood test findings using machine learning.

Methods
Six hundred and two patients with IgG4-RD and 204 patients with non-IgG4-RD that needed to be differentiated who visited the participating institutions were included in the study. Ten percent of the subjects were randomly excluded as a validation sample. Among the remaining cases, 80% were used as training samples, and the remaining 20% were used as test samples. Finally, validation was performed on the validation sample. The analysis was performed using a decision tree and a random forest model. Furthermore, a comparison was made between conditions with and without the serum IgG4 concentration. Accuracy was evaluated using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.

Results
In diagnosing IgG4-RD, the AUROC curve values of the decision tree and the random forest method were 0.906 and 0.974, respectively, when serum IgG4 levels were included in the analysis. Excluding serum IgG4 levels, the AUROC curve value of the analysis by the random forest method was 0.925.

Conclusion
Based on machine learning in a multicenter collaboration, with or without serum IgG4 data, basic patient characteristics and blood test findings alone were sufficient to differentiate IgG4-RD from non-IgG4-RD.
Do old urinary biomarkers have a place in the new definition of hepatorenal syndrome in the Egyptian cirrhotic patients? A single-center experience
Authors: El-Makarem Mona Abd El-Rahman Abu , Mahmoud Yehia Zakaryia , Moussa Mahmoud Mohammed , El-Saghir Shereen Mohammed Mohammed , Keryakos Hesham Kamal Habeeb 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatorenal syndrome is still a diagnosis of exclusion despite new classification.

Aims
To validate the accuracy of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, and kidney injury molecule-1 in the new diagnostic criteria of hepatorenal syndrome in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis using serum creatinine as a gold standard test for acute kidney injury.

Methods
One-hundred twenty cirrhotic patients with ascites were recruited and divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of renal impairment, and 40 age- and sex-matched cirrhotic patients without ascites used as controls participated in the study. Urinary biomarkers were measured and compared with conventional biomarkers used to assess kidney function (serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate).

Results
The mean urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, and kidney injury molecule-1 were statistically significantly higher in patients with hepatorenal syndrome and were found to be helpful in the early detection with cutoff values of 125 ng/ml, 34.8 pg/ml, and 3.1 pg/ml, respectively.

Conclusions
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, interleukin-18, and kidney injury molecule-1 levels are higher in patients with cirrhotic ascites complicated by HRS-AKI using the new definition of HRS, but IL-18 has lower sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of HRS-AKI as compared to NGAL and KIM-1.
Vasoinhibin is Generated and Promotes Inflammation in Mild Antigen-induced Arthritis
Authors: Ortiz Georgina , Ledesma-Colunga Maria G , Wu Zhijian , García-Rodrigo Jose F , Adan Norma , Martinez-Diaz Oscar F , De Los Ríos Ericka A , López-Barrera Fernando , Martínez de la Escalera Gonzalo , Clapp Carmen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInflammatory arthritis defines a family of diseases influenced by reproductive hormones. Vasoinhibin, a fragment of the hormone prolactin (PRL), has antiangiogenic and proinflammatory properties. We recently showed that vasoinhibin reduces joint inflammation and bone loss in severe antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) by an indirect mechanism involving the inhibition of pannus vascularization. This unexpected finding led us to hypothesize that a severe level of inflammation in AIA obscured the direct proinflammatory action of vasoinhibin while allowing the indirect anti-inflammatory effect via its antiangiogenic properties. In agreement with this hypothesis, here we show that the intra-articular injection of an adeno-associated virus type-2 vector encoding vasoinhibin reduced joint inflammation in a severe AIA condition, but elevated joint inflammation in a mild AIA model. The proinflammatory effect, unmasked in mild AIA, resulted in joint swelling, enhanced leukocyte infiltration, and upregulation of expression of genes encoding proinflammatory mediators (Il1b, Il6, Inos, Mmp3), adhesion molecule (Icam1), and chemokines (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Cxcl3, Ccl2). Furthermore, vasoinhibin induced the expression of proinflammatory mediators and chemokines in cultured synovial fibroblasts through nuclear factor-κB. Finally, matrix metalloproteases and cathepsin D, upregulated in the arthritic joint, cleaved PRL to vasoinhibin, and vasoinhibin levels increased in the circulation of mice subjected to AIA. We suggest that vasoinhibin is generated during inflammatory arthritis and acts on synovial fibroblasts and endothelial cells to initially promote and later inhibit inflammation, respectively. These opposite effects may work together to help keep joint inflammation under balance.
Analysis of the Frequency of Low Back Pain Syndrome Depending on Body Type and Gender
Authors: Baranowska Agata , Machoy-Mokrzyńska Anna , Bulsa Marek 
Published: March 2022

Wstęp. Otyłość jest jedną z przyczyn występowania i nasilania się dolegliwości bólowych odcinka lędźwiowego kręgosłupa. Rozluźnienie gorsetu mięśniowego w odcinku lędźwiowo-krzyżowym, spowodowane otyłością brzuszną, często doprowadza do niestabilności tego odcinka kręgosłupa. Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu otyłości mierzonej za pomocą BMI oraz wskaźników WHR i Rohrera na występowanie dolegliwości bólowych, pochodzących z dolnego odcinka kręgosłupa. Materiał i metody. Badaniem objęto 114 pacjentów ze zdiagnozowanymi zmianami zwyrodnieniowymi kręgosłupa, leczonych w Poradni Fizjoterapii Samodzielnego Publicznego Zakładu Opieki Zdrowotnej Szkół Wyższych w Szczecinie. Zastosowano technikę ankietowania bezpośredniego połączoną z wywiadem, wykorzystując specjalnie zaprojektowaną autorską ankietę, połączoną z badaniem klinicznym. Stopień otyłości oraz typ budowy ciała określono posługując się BMI oraz wskaźnikami WHR i Rohrera. Wyniki. W badanej grupie pacjentów BMI wykazuje, iż mężczyzn charakteryzuje nadwaga (59%, n=20), natomiast masa ciała kobiet częściej zawiera się w granicach normy (48%, n=36). W przypadku wskaźnika WHR stwierdza się przewagę androidalnego typu budowy ciała u kobiet w stosunku do mężczyzn (60% vs. 56,4%). Rzadziej występujący typ gynoidalny częściej dotyczy mężczyzn niż kobiet (43,6% vs. 40%). Wskaźnik Rohrera wykazuje, iż mężczyźni częściej prezentują pykniczy typ budowy ciała (69,2%, n=27), natomiast kobiety zdecydowanie częściej mają atletyczną (30,7%, n=23), a rzadziej leptosomiczną (9,3%, n=7) budowę ciała. Częstość występowania dolegliwości bólowych lędźwiowego odcinka kręgosłupa zależy w sposób istotny statystycznie od BMI (p<0,05). Wnioski. Ocena masy ciała dokonana przy pomocy wskaźników antropometrycznych wykazała wyższe wartości BMI i wskaźnika Rohrera u mężczyzn. Ponadto stwierdzono statystyczną zależność między BMI, a częstością występowania dolegliwości bólowych w odcinku lędźwiowym kręgosłupa.
Causes of circadian rhythm disorders and methods of their treatment
Authors: Machaj Damian , Mazurek Aleksandra , Cyboran Katarzyna , Kuc Monika , Machaj Dominik 
Published: March 2022

The circadian rhythm is the main biological rhythm to which man is subject.During the day periods of activity and sleep, eating habits, body temperature, secretion of certain hormones and frequency of urination all change.In anatomical terms, the biological clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei in the hypothalamus[3].The most important factor in the circadian rhythm is sunlight.They are particularly vulnerable to disturbances of the circadian rhythmschool students and shift workers,however, please note thatphenomenonthiscan occur in anyone.The consequences of circadian rhythm disorders include: reduced work efficiency, reduced social contacts, mood disorders, depression, obesity or metabolic diseases[1].
Mainandcausesanddisturbances of the circadian rhythmis reduced exposure to natural sunlight[1,2].Studies have shown that the biological rhythm may be disturbed by: the aging process [3],incorrect concentrationsuch hormones asmelatoninandand cortisol[4,8-27], symptoms of various diseases such as schizophrenia and medications taken[6],extension of the circadian cycle[7,28]and factors such associal life, time spent using multimedia devices, putting off homeworkby the studentslate evening hours, decreased parental control, increased frequency of anxiety disorders,non-compliance with the rules of sleep hygiene and consumption of caffeine-containing products[7,28,29, 30].
The treatment of circadian rhythm disorders is primarily based on the patient's adherence to the rules of sleep hygiene.The use of phototherapy is also an effective method. In case ofthe ineffectiveness of the above methodsdrug treatment may be considered. Melatonin is the drug of choice.In the case of treatment with melatonin, the correct time of administration is crucialand his dose.Pharmacotherapy with hypnotic drugs has a modest, short-term efficacy and should be used inlast resort[7.31]
Kant’s Theory of Concept Formation and his Theory of Definitions
Authors: McAndrew Matthew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Much of the scholarship on Kant’s theory of concept formation has focused on the question of whether his theory suffers from circularity, i. e., whether it presupposes the very concepts whose origin it should explain. In this article, I defend Kant against a well-known objection raised by Hannah Ginsborg. Ginsborg, I argue, overlooks the relatively narrow aim of Kant’s theory of concept formation. Kant explicitly frames it as an account of a concept’s inherent generality, or form. However, Ginsborg’s objection is not about a concept’s form; it concerns the concept’s content. Moreover, Kant addresses the issue that she raises in his theory of definitions, which explains how a concept’s content can be revised and perfected. Kant considered all empirical concepts to be incomplete and imprecise. For this reason, he denied that they can be properly defined. Kant also did not regard the content of empirical concepts as fixed or permanent. Indeed, he expected that we would continually expand and revise their content on the basis of experience. I argue that these facts, along with the narrow scope of Kant’s theory of concept formation, effectively defuse Ginsborg’s objection.