bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Halos and undecidability of tensor stable positive maps
Authors: van der Eyden Mirte , Netzer Tim , De las Cuevas Gemma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A map

P

is tensor stable positive (tsp) if

P

⊗
n

is positive for all n, and essential tsp if it is not completely positive or completely co-positive. Are there essential tsp maps? Here we prove that there exist essential tsp maps on the hypercomplex numbers. It follows that there exist bound entangled states with a negative partial transpose (NPT) on the hypercomplex, that is, there exists NPT bound entanglement in the halo of quantum states. We also prove that tensor stable positivity on the matrix multiplication tensor is undecidable, and conjecture that tensor stable positivity is undecidable. Proving this conjecture would imply existence of essential tsp maps, and hence of NPT bound entangled states.
Study Of Health Aspects On Facilities And Infrastructure in Corridor 1 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Trans Semarang
Authors: Manullang Okto Risdianto , Haryanto Ragil , Ramadhan Danny Rizky 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the facilities and infrastructures health aspects of the Corridor I Trans Semarang at Mangkang Terminal-Penggaron Terminal, also to determine the expectations of Corridor 1 Trans Semarang users on the health aspects of future infrastructure. This research method uses customer satisfaction index and importance-performance analysis. The results of the study indicate a percentage level of 50% for facilities and 39% for infrastructure users who feel “less satisfied” with the health aspect of the Corridor 1 Trans Semarang infrastructure facilities that have been provided. Users’ expectations in the future are to limit and maintain capacity at the Corridor 1 Trans Semarang bus and shelters, which is a top priority. This was followed by the provision of hand sanitizers, the reduction of seats and handgrip, as well as the use of masks on the Corridor I Trans Semarang bus which became the second priority. Meanwhile, the main priority expectations from users for health infrastructure in addition to limiting and maintaining capacity are the provision of a standing sticker for the seat barrier and an appeal for the application of health protocols/PHBS/cough etiquette at the Trans Semarang shelters. Furthermore, the provision of hand sanitizers, the implementation of non-cash payments, and controlling the use of masks are the second priority expectations of Trans Semarang users.
Dynamics of Supply-Demand Online Motorcycle Taxis in Urban Area
Authors: Subandi Adi , Karsaman Rudy Hermawan , Lubis Al Rasyid Harun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In Indonesia’s urban area, online motorcycle taxis “Ojol” have grown significantly, especially for support mobilization and other activities. Currently, it was considered “oversupply” indicated by not accepting new registrations for a new driver and decreasing the existing driver incomes. With the proposed development and modification model for controlling online motorcycle taxis numbers in urban areas, it is hoped that the equilibrium point for the provision of online motorcycle taxis numbers can be optimal, not only impacting partners’ welfare but a more comprehensive urban transportation system. Based on a pilot survey with data ranging from 50 respondents, each for passengers and drivers, with SEM models, it was indicated that level of user satisfaction, which was affected by income level has a higher influence (-0.039) than movement characteristics (0.011), while at consistency level analysis based on driver’s perception indicates that safety aspect has a higher effect (-0.288) than income level (0.251). Output analysis is still provisional, more data is needed to represent a more comprehensive output.
Climatic changes in European Russia and the Republic of Belarus in the XX-XXI centuries under the influence of atmospheric circulation
Authors: Perevedentsev Yu P , Sherstyukov B G , Shantalinsky K M , Guryanov V V , Mirsaeva N A , Lopukh P S , Gledko Yu A , Ismagilov N V , Nikolaev A A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Climatic changes in the atmosphere from the Earth’s level to the altitude of 80 km in Russia and the Republic of Belarus (RB) are considered using data from 1251 stations of RIHMI-WDC (1976-2019), ERA5 reanalysis (1979-2019), and 99 long-row stations located in the European part of Russia (ER) and the Republic of Belarus (RB). An analysis of constructed trends in the air temperature (AT) and atmospheric precipitation is made to assess the spatial and temporal variability of the thermal and humidity regimes in the territory. Some differences in the rates of warming between the winter and summer seasons, troposphere and stratosphere are revealed. Near the earth's surface, the rate of warming is maximum in polar latitudes; the summer stratosphere cools more strongly than the winter one. To assess the influence of atmospheric circulation on the thermal regimes of ER and RB, the correlation coefficients between AT and circulation indices AO, NAO, SCAND, and EAWR are calculated. Using a low-pass Potter filter, a 40-year periodicity of temperature fluctuations in the ER and RB in November is revealed. In the winter stratosphere, a relationship between temperature fluctuations in the polar zone and the Arctic oscillation index is found. The spring restructuring of the stratospheric circulation occurs with a delay if strong sudden stratospheric warmings (SSW) occur in the stratosphere in winter.
Comparative characteristics of gap filling methods in high-frequency data of micrometeorological measurements
Authors: Drozd I D , Gavrikov A V , Stepanenko V M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article is devoted to one of the most complex technical aspects of the primary processing of micrometeorological data. The article contains a description of basic algorithms for restoring missing values in time series of data. The gap filling methods implemented by the authors on the basis of the thus described algorithms are tested using an example of filling-in generated gaps in series of temperature and vertical wind speed. The series of high-frequency measurements of an acoustic anemometer installed on the micrometeorological tower of the meteorological observatory (MO) of Moscow State University (MSU) are used as test data. As a result of this review of gap-filling methods, the effectiveness of various methods for filling-in missing values is assessed.
Severe hard rime accretion in the Far North of Russia: observations and modeling
Authors: Leonov I I , Sokolikhina N N 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Severe weather means any hazardous meteorological phenomena which can cause significant damage, serious social disruption, or loss of human life. Such weather phenomena include thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornados, ice storms, and many others. The main purpose of this research is a study of formation mechanisms of rime accretion and methods for their prediction. This is necessary to forecast these phenomena and minimize their economic and other losses. This work is dedicated to a detailed study of an extraordinary case of formation of rime accretion in the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, which occurred in early January 2016. Numerical experiments are used for an analysis of various methods for predicting areas of possible ice accretion formation. For the numerical experiments, the atmospheric model WRF-ARW has been chosen. For a theoretical assessment of icing intensity, the Makkonen formula is used. The results of this research are as follows: the main mechanisms of ice accretion formation have been identified for the territory of the Far North of Russia. Numerical experiments with the WRF-ARW model have been successful and reproduced the main signs of rime accretion. The results show that the model has successfully reproduced the icing start time and the icing intensity distribution throughout the entire numerical experiment. The quality of the model's assessment of the mass of rime accretion is difficult to estimate from data of only two meteorological stations; however, the values obtained are close to the observed ones.
Research on arc root stagnation when small current is interrupted in self-excited circuit breaker
Authors: PENG Shidong , LI Jing , CAO Yundong , HUANG Chongyang , LIU Shuxin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The self-excited DC air circuit breaker (SE-DCCB) has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability. It can realize forward and reverse interruption, but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process, which is known as arc root stagnation. A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure. The magnetic field, temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A. The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation. The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement, which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption. Based on the research, the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved, which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted. The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.
Robust differential abundance test in compositional data
Authors: Wang Shulei 
Published: May 2022

SummaryDifferential abundance tests for compositional data are essential and fundamental in various biomedical applications, such as single-cell, bulk RNA-seq and microbiome data analysis. However, because of the compositional constraint and the prevalence of zero counts in the data, differential abundance analysis on compositional data remains a complicated and unsolved statistical problem. This article proposes a new differential abundance test, the robust differential abundance test, to address these challenges. Compared with existing methods, the robust differential abundance test is simple and computationally efficient, is robust to prevalent zero counts in compositional datasets, can take the data’s compositional nature into account, and has a theoretical guarantee of controlling false discoveries in a general setting. Furthermore, in the presence of observed covariates, the robust differential abundance test can work with covariate-balancing techniques to remove potential confounding effects and draw reliable conclusions. The proposed test is applied to several numerical examples, and its merits are demonstrated using both simulated and real datasets.
A Review of the Ring Trial Design for Evaluating Ring Interventions for Infectious Diseases
Authors: Butzin-Dozier Zachary , Athni Tejas S , Benjamin-Chung Jade 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In trials of infectious disease interventions, rare outcomes and unpredictable spatiotemporal variation can introduce bias, reduce statistical power, and prevent conclusive inferences. Spillover effects can complicate inference if individual randomization is used to gain efficiency. Ring trials are a type of cluster-randomized trial that may increase efficiency and minimize bias, particularly in emergency and elimination settings with strong clustering of infection. They can be used to evaluate ring interventions, which are delivered to individuals in proximity to or contact with index cases. We conducted a systematic review of ring trials, compare them with other trial designs for evaluating ring interventions, and describe strengths and weaknesses of each design. Of 849 articles and 322 protocols screened, we identified 26 ring trials, 15 cluster-randomized trials, 5 trials that randomized households or individuals within rings, and 1 individually randomized trial. The most common interventions were postexposure prophylaxis (n = 23) and focal mass drug administration and screening and treatment (n = 7). Ring trials require robust surveillance systems and contact tracing for directly transmitted diseases. For rare diseases with strong spatiotemporal clustering, they may have higher efficiency and internal validity than cluster-randomized designs, in part because they ensure that no clusters are excluded from analysis due to zero cluster incidence. Though more research is needed to compare them with other types of trials, ring trials hold promise as a design that can increase trial speed and efficiency while reducing bias.
Diversity and phylogeny of the bacterial strains isolated from nodules of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in Iran
Authors: Borhani Behzad , Khodakaramian Gholam , Velázquez Encarna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The diversity of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) microsymbionts has been barely studied even though it is of great interest for being a spice and a medicinal plant. Here, we analyzed 59 bacterial strains isolated from fenugreek nodules originating from different geographic and climatic areas of Iran. Most of these strains exhibit phenotypic characteristics compatible with rhizobia and they nodulate fenugreek. Analysis of the recA and atpD genes shows that representative strains of ERIC–BOX-PCR groups cluster with the type strains of Ensifer meliloti and E. kummerowiae as well as with strains capable of nodulating different Trigonella species found in other countries. The closeness of E. meliloti and E. kummerowiae suggests there is a need to revise the taxonomic status of the latter species. The nodC gene analysis shows that most Trigonella-nodulating strains belong to the symbiovar meliloti except those nodulating Trigonella arcuata in China, which belong to the symbiovar rigiduloides. This analysis shows that the type strains of E. kummerowiae, E. meliloti, and E. medicae belonged to three well-defined groups within the symbiovar meliloti, with the Iranian strains belonging to the E. kummerowiae subgroup. The small group of strains unable to nodulate fenugreek isolated in this study belong to Enterobacter cloacae, reported for the first time as being a possible endophyte of fenugreek nodules.
Responding to Local Needs by Mobilizing Community Assets: Age-Friendly Community Initiatives During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Greenfield Emily A , Pestine-Stevens Althea , Scher Clara 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Age-friendly community initiatives (AFCIs) strive to make localities better for long and healthy lives by fostering improvements across social, physical, and service environments. Despite the heightened need for community supports during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, very little research has addressed the work of AFCIs in the context of this crisis. We aimed to develop theory on how AFCI core teams have contributed to community responses during the pandemic, as well as what contexts have influenced the initiatives’ ability to contribute.

Research Design and Methods
As part of a multiyear, community-partnered study on the development of philanthropically supported initiatives in northern New Jersey, we conducted qualitative interviews with 8 AFCI core teams during the winter of 2020–2021. The interviews focused on the leaders’ efforts at that time, with probing questions concerning enabling factors for their community responses. We analyzed the data using an inductive coding process encompassing open, axial, and subcoding.

Results
The analysis indicated four distinct roles of AFC core groups: good community partner, creator, advocate, and communications broker. We further found that AFC leaders primarily drew on three types of capital—human, social, and tangible—to enact these roles, oftentimes in cumulative ways.

Discussion and Implications
We interpret our study’s findings and their implications by integrating insights from theories of social impact. We further highlight the importance of continued research on community-centered approaches to promote aging in community during times of societal crisis, and otherwise.
Do Sexual Expectations Matter for Older Men and Women? Anticipated Sexual Futures and Late-Life Sexuality Over Two Decades
Authors: Schafer Markus H , Upenieks Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesExpectations across a variety of life domains appear to shape the aging process, giving weight to the role of self-fulfilling prophecies in later life. Sexuality is one area where the power of expectations is not well-understood. We investigated whether 10-year sexual expectations were associated with sexual satisfaction and sexual frequency a decade on among older heterosexual coupled adults. We further examined whether sexual expectations could offset the sex-constraining impact of functional limitation onset.Research Design and MethodsWe used 3 waves of the Midlife Development in the United States study (1995, 2005, 2014), a nationally representative panel survey. Analyses consider adults aged 45+ in 1995 who had a spouse or romantic partner at 2 consecutive waves. Associations between sexual expectations and eventual sexual satisfaction and frequency were estimated with multivariable generalized estimating equations. Moderation analyses examined whether between-wave onset of functional limitations had less influence on sexuality outcomes when combined with a high initial level of sexual expectations.ResultsSexually optimistic participants reported more sexual satisfaction and higher sexual frequency a decade later. Though the onset of functional limitations tended to suppress sexual frequency for women, the probability of having weekly sex was significantly higher among such women if they had high rather than low sexual expectations.Discussion and ImplicationsResults suggest that, similar to other life domains, expectations shape the sexual experience of older adults. Clinicians and care providers may consider ways to help foster realistic optimism about sexuality among older men and women.
On the Other Side of the Fence: Property Rights and Productivity in the United States
Authors: Bühler Mathias 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCan well-defined access rights to publicly owned land be as effective as privatization in increasing productivity and wealth? In this paper, I evaluate the impact of public property rights using the 1934 Taylor Grazing Act, which determined secure access rights for ranchers to newly created, large grazing districts in the Western United States. Using satellite-based vegetation data, I exploit spatial discontinuities across grazing district boundaries and find that public lands with well-defined access rights for ranchers are at least 10% more productive than lands without. Immediately after establishing grazing districts, ranchers inside these districts held more cattle, and reported higher income and farm values than their counterparts outside. Despite ranchers being unable to invest in publicly owned lands, these magnitudes are similar to outright privatization. Instead, I argue that secure access rights resolve uncertainty around future usage and align the incentives of ranchers and regulators, thus incentivizing sustainable and profitable usage. I provide two results supporting this hypothesis: Areas with stronger pre-reform state capacity show larger increases in vegetation; and, monthly patterns on vegetation are consistent with the adoption of productivity-increasing fallowing practices. I investigate alternative explanations, and find no empirical support for differential initial productivity, negative spillovers, or systematic local manipulation of boundaries.
Morphological Variation in the Wing Mite Periglischrus paracaligus (Acari: Spinturnicidae) Associated With Different Moving Strategies of the Host Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
Authors: Zamora-Mejías Daniel , Ojeda Margarita , Medellín Rodrigo A , Rodríguez-Herrera Bernal , Morales-Malacara Juan B 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We evaluated the morphometric variation of wing mite Periglischrus paracaligus Herrin and Tipton, along with the distribution of their host Leptonycteris yerbabuenae Martinez and Villa, in Mexico. A total of 115 female and 96 male specimens of P. paracaligus were used to conduct linear and geometric morphometric analyses. We assessed the influence of the geographic distribution of the migratory and nonmigratory populations of its bat host species on changes in size and shape on these parasites. Both analyses revealed high intraspecific variation in P. paracaligus, but subtle geographic differentiation. None of the approaches used identified a consistent pattern that separates unambiguously migratory from nonmigratory populations. Females presented more phenotypic variation than males and UPGMA analyses showed southern and northern colonies grouped in two distinct clades. Males on the other hand showed randomly grouped colonies with no geographic concordance. Interestingly, the most differentiated colony was the north Pacific colony of Jalisco. For both, males and females, isolation by distance (IBD) was not observed. We discuss these results as a possible scenario of contact between migratory populations located in northern Mexico with nonmigratory populations in other localities in central and southern Mexico conforming to a panmictic population along with their distribution range.
An experimental study on the torsional stiffness and limit torque of a jaw coupling with consideration of spacer's hardness and installation methods
Authors: Chen Chih-Ming , Chang Huey-Ling , Lee Chun-Ying 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The jaw coupling with a flexible spacer is frequently used in the torque transmission between shafts with misalignment for machinery. Its torsional stiffness and limit torque closely determine the operational capacity and the dynamic characteristics of the system because the coupling is usually the most flexible link in the driving chain. In this study, the optimal design of a jaw coupling with an elastomeric spacer was investigated using the Taguchi method by considering four design factors: the tightening method of the clamping bolts, the tightening torque of the clamping bolts, the hardness of the thermoplastic polyether ester elastomer spacer and the installation angle between the two end blocks of the coupling. All specimens were tested by using an in-house torsion tester to record the torque-angular deformation responses. The results showed good reliability and repeatability, with a coefficient of variance within 5%. Spacer's hardness was found to be the most significant factor regarding the torsional stiffness, while the magnitude of the clamping torque had the most critical role in the limit torque. The estimation formulae for the torsional stiffness and limit torque of the jaw coupling were obtained by using the statistical regression of the measured data, respectively. Both formulae predicted the performance of the optimal designs within 5% of error compared to the confirmation tests.