bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glory and Humiliation in the Making of V. D. Savarkar's Hindu Nationalism
Authors: Visana Vikram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the European tradition, political emotion in the form of individual and collective glory was usually constrained by norms of legitimate political conduct defined by public virtue. This article describes an alternative relationship between glory and political reason by reconstructing the political thought of V. D. Savarkar, the architect of Hindu nationalism. The article argues that the relational concepts of glory and humiliation were at the heart of actualizing ‘Hindu-ness’ or Hindutva as a sovereign political category. The genealogy and development of Hindu nationalism is traced from the formative space of the colonial prison during Savarkar's incarceration from 1911 to 1937, the ideology's subsequent refining and dissemination, to its final form after Partition in 1947. Supplementing Savarkar's political treatises and histories, this article is the first to analyse his poetry as political thought. Together, these writings show how scriptural Hindu concepts like the gunas and prakriti were appropriated to justify a fraught majoritarian unity defined against endogenous shame sanctions and exogenous humiliation. In order to achieve this, political reason was yoked to a perspectivist history enabling Hindu self-overcoming, which was personified by communal heroes who embodied a passionate Hindu will to power.
Intersectional Inequalities in Anthropometric Failure among Indian Children: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey (2015-2016)
Authors: Adhikari Tulsi , Tripathi Niharika , Yadav Jeetendra , Tolani Himanshu , Rao M. Vishnu Vardhana , Kaur Harpreet , Chalga Manjeet Singh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIncreasing body of health planning and policy research focused upon unravelling the fundamental drivers of population health and nutrition inequities, such as wealth status, educational status, caste/ethnicity, gender, place of residence, and geographical context, that often interact to produce health inequalities. However, very few studies have employed intersectional framework to explicitly demonstrate how intersecting dimensions of privilege, power, and resources form the burden of anthropometric failures of children among low-and-middle income countries including India. Data on 2,15,554 sampled children below 5 years of age from the National Family Health Survey 2015-2016 were analysed. This study employed intersectional approach to examine caste group inequalities in the anthropometric failure (i.e. moderate stunting, severe stunting, moderate underweight, severe underweight, moderate wasting, severe wasting) among children in India. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression models were fitted to investigate the heterogeneities in the burden of anthropometric failure across demographic, socioeconomic and contextual factors. Interaction effects were estimated to model the joint effects of socioeconomic position (household wealth, maternal education, urban/rural residence and geographical region) and caste groups with the likelihood of anthropometric failure among children.More than half of under-5 children suffered from anthropometric failure in India. Net of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, children from the disadvantageous caste groups whose mother were illiterate, belonged to economically poor households, resided in the rural areas, and coming from the central and eastern regions experienced disproportionately higher risk of anthropometric failure than their counterparts in India. Concerted policy processes must recognize the existing heterogeneities between and within population groups to improve the precision targeting of the beneficiary and enhance the efficiency of the nutritional program among under-5 children, particularly for the historically marginalized caste groups in India.
Hadrian in Germany and the Construction of the Limes Palisade in a.d. 120
Authors: Thiel Andreas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGermania Inferior and Germania Superior, along the Rhine, and neighbouring Raetia were provinces inherited by Hadrian which lacked major external threats and had the potential to become flourishing parts of the Roman Empire. Relying on his personal knowledge of the regional situation he strengthened civilian self-government by gradually reducing the role of the military. Apart from the legions, all other units were stationed in a small defined cordon at the edge of Roman territory. Together with the now well-dated building of the palisade as a continuous running barrier, Hadrian's initiatives might be seen as an imperial gift to the provincials.
Polynomials over structured grids
Authors: Nica Bogdan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study multivariate polynomials over ‘structured’ grids. Firstly, we propose an interpretation as to what it means for a finite subset of a field to be structured; we do so by means of a numerical parameter, the nullity. We then extend several results – notably, the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz and the Coefficient Theorem – to polynomials over structured grids. The main point is that the structure of a grid allows the degree constraints on polynomials to be relaxed.
A rise and fall of a Chaghadaid community: demographic growth and crisis in ‘late-medieval’ Semirech'ye (Zhetysu), circa 1248–1345
Authors: Slavin Philip 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article analyses long-term population dynamics—growth, decline, sex- and age-composition—in Chaghadaid-era Central Asia in the context of the ‘Late-medieval Crisis’. It is based on a unique dataset of 630 epitaphs from two East Syriac (‘Nestorian') graveyards in the Semirech'ye region (Northwest Tian Shan, North Kyrgyzstan), boosted by archaeological and osteological evidence from the same graveyards. This epigraphic corpus is truly unique in the sense that this is the only surviving data that allow the undertaking of such a quantitative reconstruction of pre-modern Central Asian demography. A close analysis of the corpus, based on the ‘excess mortality’ method, reveals rapid demographic growth between circa 1270 and 1330, despite frequent short-term mortality crises, caused, most likely, by a combination of environmental and political factors. The population growth came to a sudden halt because of a major plague outbreak in 1338–1339, killing about three-quarters of the local population, and initiating what was known as the Black Death of 1347–1353 in West Eurasia and North Africa. The analysis of sex and age ratios indicates that the local population regime was heavily male-dominated. The plague of 1338–1339 targeted primarily younger women, most likely due to pregnancy-related hazards; conversely, in other crisis years, adult males were more susceptible. The findings of the article are wrapped into the wider context of the ‘Late-medieval Crisis’.
Ketamine-assisted meaning-centered psychotherapy for a patient with severe suicidal behavior
Authors: Forcén Fernando Espí , Marengo Laura , Behn Maya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is a current debate in society as to whether depression can be a terminal illness. Meaning-centered psychotherapy (MCP) and psychedelic medicines have both been shown to treat existential distress in palliative care settings. We are reporting the case of a patient for whom MCP combined with ketamine was an effective treatment for his recurrent and severe depressive disorder with suicidal ideation. His complex assessment and management of suicide (CAMS) scores improved significantly with this treatment modality. Ketamine is generally well tolerated and can enhance treatment outcomes in patients undergoing MCP.
Genetic diversity and marker trait association for yield attributing traits in accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) in India
Authors: Gupta Chainika , Salgotra Romesh Kumar , Alvarez Venegas Raul , Mahajan Reetika , Koul Umang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) is a highly economically important crop worldwide and a particularly important source of protein and minerals for people in less developed countries. Improving yield is a vital objective to meet the increasing demand for food due to the expanding human population. The present study was undertaken to study the genetic architecture of agronomic traits of common bean in India, particularly in the north-western Himalayan region. Marker-trait association (MTA) analysis was performed in a population of 100 common bean accessions using polymorphic microsatellite markers.Population structure analysis based on SSR markers divided the accessions into three main subpopulations. Ten significant MTAs were found using general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear model (MLM) approaches. We found two markers i.e. BM142 and J04555 associated with 100 seed weight and pods per plant common in both the GLM and MLM approach markers. All the MTAs were considered as major MTAs contributing more than 25% phenotypic variation. The significant quantitative trait loci identified in this study could be used in marker-assisted breeding to accelerate the genetic improvement of yield and development of high yielding common beans lines.
Single Session Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on	Different Cortical Areas
Authors: Erdoğan Ezgi Tuna , Küçük Zeynep , Eskikurt Gökçer , Kurt Adnan , Ermutlu Numan , Karamürsel Sacit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) studies in healthy volunteers have shown conflicting results in terms of modulation in pain thresholds. The aim of this study was to investigate how single session anodal tDCS and modulated tDCS (mtDCS) of distinct cortical areas affected pain and perception thresholds in healthy participants. Five different stimulation conditions were applied at different cortical sites to 20 healthy volunteers to investigate the effects of tDCS and mtDCS (20 Hz) on pain and perception thresholds. TDCS over the motor cortex (M1), mtDCS over the motor cortex, tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), mtDCS of the DLPFC, and mtDCS over the occipital cortex were the stimulation conditions. All of the stimulations were anodal. The stimulations were given in a randomized order at 20-minute intervals. For comparison, electrical pain and perception thresholds were obtained from the right middle finger before and during the tDCS. After each measurement, participants were asked to give a score to their pain. In repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) test, the Condition × Time interaction showed no significant influence on changes in pain, perception thresholds, and pain scores ( p = .48, p = .89, and p = .50, respectively). However, regardless of the condition types, there was a significant difference in pain and perceptual thresholds during tDCS ( p = .01, p = .025, respectively). Our findings did not support difference in pain and perception modulation by a single session anodal tDCS over M1 and DLPFC compared to the occipital cortex in healthy volunteers. The increase in all thresholds during tDCS, irrespective of conditions, and peripheral sensations, including an active control group, taken together, suggest a placebo effect of active tDCS. Future studies about pain and perception in healthy subjects should consider the level of experimental pain and a strong placebo effect.
Combination Strategy for the Geocentric Realization of Regional Epoch Reference Frames
Authors: Kehm A. , Sánchez L. , Bloßfeld M. , Seitz M. , Drewes H. , Angermann D. , Seitz F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor high‐resolution regional geodetic applications, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) is complemented by regional densifications. These are realized either as multi‐year solutions related to a tectonic plate (e.g., EUREF for Europe) or as epoch reference frames (ERFs) to capture nonlinear geophysical station motions caused by, for example, earthquakes or non‐tidal loading (e.g., SIRGAS for Latin America). These Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)‐only based regional reference frames have in common that their geodetic datum is aligned with the ITRF datum at a specific epoch. The consequence is that their origin represents the Earth's center of figure and does not coincide with the instantaneous center of mass. Here, we present studies on a direct geocentric realization of regional ERFs. We propose to realize the geodetic datum for each epoch by combining global GNSS, Satellite Laser Ranging, and Very Long Baseline Interferometry networks via measured local ties at co‐located sites. A uniformly distributed global GNSS network is used to realize the orientation via a no‐net‐rotation constraint with respect to the ITRF and is densified by the stations of the regional subnetwork. The developed combination and filtering strategy aims to guarantee a stable datum realization for each epoch‐wise solution. Validating our results against global reference frames and geophysical loading models relating to the Earth's centers of mass and figure, we show that the realized displacement time series are geocentric and reflect seasonal geophysical processes. As the approach does not need to rely on co‐location sites in the region of interest, it is conceptually transferable to other regions on the globe.
Chromium Cycling in Redox‐Stratified Basins Challenges δ53Cr Paleoredox Proxy Applications
Authors: Janssen David J. , Rickli Jörg , Wille Martin , Sepúlveda Steiner Oscar , Vogel Hendrik , Dellwig Olaf , Berg Jasmine S. , Bouffard Damien , Lever Mark A. , Hassler Christel S. , Jaccard Samuel L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChromium stable isotope composition (δ53Cr) is a promising tracer for redox conditions throughout Earth's history; however, the geochemical controls of δ53Cr have not been assessed in modern redox‐stratified basins. We present new chromium (Cr) concentration and δ53Cr data in dissolved, sinking particulate, and sediment samples from the redox‐stratified Lake Cadagno (Switzerland), a modern Proterozoic ocean analog. These data demonstrate isotope fractionation during incomplete (non‐quantitative) reduction and removal of Cr above the chemocline, driving isotopically light Cr accumulation in euxinic deep waters. Sediment authigenic Cr is isotopically distinct from overlying waters but comparable to average continental crust. New and published data from other redox‐stratified basins show analogous patterns. This challenges assumptions from δ53Cr paleoredox applications that quantitative Cr reduction and removal limits isotope fractionation. Instead, fractionation from non‐quantitative Cr removal leads to sedimentary records offset from overlying waters and not reflecting high δ53Cr from oxidative continental weathering.
Global Structure and Seasonal Variations of the Tidal Amplitude in Sporadic‐E Layer
Authors: Tang Qiong , Zhou Chen , Liu Huixin , Du Zhitao , Liu Yi , Zhao Jiaqi , Yu Zhibin , Zhao Zhengyu , Feng Xueshang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate radio occultation S4 indices measurements are used to investigate the global structure and seasonal variations of tidal components in the sporadic‐E (Es) layer. The diurnal tidal amplitude in the Es layer intensity and occurrence rate shows a wave‐4 longitudinal structure, which is due to the diurnal tidal components of zonal wave numbers s = −3 (eastward, DE3). The wave‐4 longitudinal pattern is also observed in the semidiurnal tide during spring and winter, which mostly results from the combination of semidiurnal components of zonal wave numbers s = −2 (eastward, SE2), s = 2 (westward, SW2). In addition, the semidiurnal tidal amplitude in Es layers presents obvious seasonal variability, and it dominates in the northern hemisphere during spring and summer and in the southern hemisphere during autumn and winter. Furthermore, the total semidiurnal tidal amplitude in Es layers in the northern hemisphere is greater than that in the southern hemisphere. Another important finding is that the diurnal tidal pattern at the lower altitude (below 102 km) Es layer is different from that of the higher altitude (above 102 km) Es layer and is also different from that of wind, which supports that the wind shear theory is inapplicable for the Es layer formation at low altitude proposed by many researchers.
Systematic Comparison of InSAR and Seismic Source Models for Moderate‐Size Earthquakes in Western China: Implication to the Seismogenic Capacity of the Shallow Crust
Authors: Luo Heng , Wang Teng , Wei Shengji 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarthquake source parameters are important for understanding earthquake physics and crustal fault properties. However, strong trade‐offs between parameters (e.g., depth and origin time) and a lack of accurate velocity models and near‐field seismic stations could cause large uncertainties of these parameters in seismic catalogs, particularly for shallow events. To further improve the resolution of earthquake source parameters, we use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) images to derive source solutions of 33 moderate‐size (Mw 4.1–6.6) earthquakes that occurred at shallow depths (<20 km) from November 2014 to July 2020 in western China. After evaluating the uncertainties of the InSAR solutions, we systematically compare the location, centroid depth, focal mechanism and magnitude from InSAR models with that from seismic catalogs. We find that all seismic catalogs generally report deeper (4–10 km) hypocenters or centroid depths. The uncertainties of moment tensor solutions are partially related to the percentage of the non‐double‐couple components in the seismic catalogs. The InSAR solutions indicate that considerable seismic moments (i.e., ∼ Nm) were released in the uppermost crust (i.e., <5 km) in a period of ∼6 years, which is not resolvable in the seismic catalogs. The smooth seismic moment distribution along depth indicates a gradual change of the frictional properties from the surface to the middle crust. As most of the studied earthquakes are located on secondary and/or unmapped faults, these findings imply a considerable portion of velocity‐weakening friction in the uppermost crust along immature, secondary fault systems, which should be included in the seismic hazard evaluation.
Multisource Remote Sensing Based Estimation of Soil NOx Emissions From Fertilized Cropland at High‐Resolution: Spatio‐Temporal Patterns and Impacts
Authors: Shen Yonglin , Xiao Zemin , Wang Yi , Yao Ling , Xiao Wen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSoil nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from agricultural areas currently dominate in some regions around the world. Since China is largely an agricultural country, an accurate estimation of soil NOx emissions from agricultural areas is essential for monitoring air pollution. In this study, we use high‐resolution multi‐source remote sensing data to enhance data inputs to existing empirical NOx emission models, with a particular emphasis on crop phenological features and the impact of nitrogen fertilizer application on NOx at the grid level. As a result, a high‐resolution emission inventory of soil NOx from agricultural areas in China is built. According to the emission inventory, total national NOx emissions from fertilized croplands were 3,741 ± 0.39, 3,231 ± 0.39, and 3,059 ± 0.39 Gg N/yr during 2017–2019, respectively. Moreover, in 2017, soil NOx emissions contributed to 17.3% of the total emissions. It was found the “Hu Huanyong Line” (Hu line) is a dividing line for China's agricultural soil NOx emissions, with soil NOx emissions dominating in the west of the Hu line while being high in the east. The results also show that emissions are highest in summer and lowest in winter, with a significant difference between the two seasons. Furthermore, crop cultivation structure can affect overall soil NOx emissions, which suggests a potential NOx reduction strategy. We demonstrate that the established emission inventory can precisely reflect the distribution of soil NOx emissions in China's agricultural areas, which will be beneficial to overall NOx emission control and air quality improvement.
Enhanced Intensity of the Interannual Variability of February Surface Air Temperature Over Mid‐ and High‐Latitude Asia Since the Late‐1990s
Authors: Xu Zhiqing , Fan Ke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the interdecadal variation of the intensity of the interannual variability (IIV) of surface air temperature (SAT) over mid‐ and high‐latitude Asia (MHLA) in winter months (December–February) during 1980–2015 and the role of the Arctic sea‐ice. Results show only the IIV of February SAT is significantly enhanced around the late‐1990s, which partly results from enhanced IIV of the frequency of extreme warm and cold events (FEWE and FECE). The influence of the sea‐ice in the Barents Sea from December to February on the February SAT, FEWE and FECE over MHLA is remarkably enhanced around the late‐1990s. During 1998–2015, the sea‐ice anomalies contribute to the enhanced IIV of February SAT over MHLA by modulating the monthly and synoptic tripole patterns over northern Eurasia, the positive phase of which exhibits an anomalous low over Eurasia north of 60°N and anomalous highs over southern Europe and MHLA. On the monthly average, the increased sea‐ice induces Rossby waves and then a positive phase of the monthly tripole pattern, inducing weakened East Asian trough and Siberian high, enhanced westerlies over 50°–70°N, and resultant decreased blocking high frequency over Eurasia north of 60°N. These anomalies favor increased February SAT over MHLA. On synoptic timescales, the increased blocking over the north side of the Ural Mountains favors more (fewer) extreme positive (negative) phases of the synoptic tripole pattern and hence increased FEWE (decreased FECE) over MHLA, further strengthening the increased SAT. Numerical experiments basically confirm the mechanisms above.
Radiation Belt Daily Average Electron Flux Model (RB‐Daily‐E) From the Seven‐Year Van Allen Probes Mission and Its Application to Interpret GPS On‐Orbit Solar Array Degradation
Authors: Gabrielse Christine , Lee Justin H. , Claudepierre Seth , Walker Don , O’Brien Paul , Roeder James , Lao Yao , Grovogui Jann , Turner Drew L. , Runov Andrei , Boyd Alexander , Fennell Joseph , Blake J. Bernard , Lopez Kevin , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Keika Kunihiro , Higashio Nana , Shinohara Iku , Imajo Shun , Kurita Satoshi , Mitani Takefumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe use NASA's Van Allen Probes data to build a 3‐dimensional Radiation Belt Daily Average Electron flux model (RB‐Daily‐E) covering 25 differential energies (33–7,700 keV), 17 pitch angles, and a variable number of L shells from 2 to 7. RB‐Daily‐E can be used to deduce the fluences observed by any satellite that flew within Van Allen Probes' 7‐year mission lifetime. We supplement Van Allen Probes fluxes with THEMIS average fluxes to cover higher L shells when applying the model to a secondary satellite. RB‐Daily‐E agrees with both the Arase high‐energy electron experiment (XEP) flux data and the GPS Combined X‐ray Dosimeter (CXD) electron flux approximately within a factor of two or better, and comparisons with AE9 are as expected. The RB‐Daily‐E Model has applications for when actual fluxes on day‐timescales are required for post‐anomaly investigations, including long‐term radiation environment effects such as solar cell and solar array degradation. We therefore applied the model to two GPS satellites to determine electron fluence inputs to the Equivalent Flux (EQFLUX) solar cell degradation model. The modeled voltage degradation well‐matched the voltage degradation trends identified in the GPS telemetry data, suggesting that the radiation environment is the primary cause of the voltage degradation. The current degradation was largely underestimated, suggesting that current degradation is influenced by other sources.