bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les dispositifs éducatifs humanitaires. Faire l’école dans les interstices des États-nations
Authors: Fresia Marion , Känel Andreas von , Perret-Clermont Anne-Nelly 
Published: January 2022

Le financement et la gestion de structures éducatives dans des contextes qualifiés d’urgence, de conflit ou de post-conflit font désormais partie intégrante des programmes humanitaires. Au-delà d’une vision idéalisée de l’éducation appréhendée comme « droit » ou instrument de « protection », cet article étudie la manière dont les dispositifs éducatifs humanitaires établis dans des camps de réfugié∙es contribuent à asseoir la norme scolaire dans les interstices des États-nations, tout en étant étroitement liés à des politiques de contrôle de la mobilité humaine. En prenant pour cas d’étude les écoles des camps de réfugié∙es congolais∙es (Rwanda, Tanzanie) coordonnées par le Haut Commissariat des Nations unies pour les réfugiés (HCR), nous analysons les registres de légitimation au travers desquels elles sont mises en place, et la manière dont les modalités de leur gouvernance sont à la fois négociées au quotidien et appréhendées par les élèves. De cette analyse ressortent diverses tensions qui caractérisent les usages de ces écoles. Celles-ci excluent et incluent simultanément les élèves de l’ordre social dominant, les construisent comme des victimes tout en les projetant comme de futur∙es citoyen·nes, et participent à (re)produire les conditions de leur encampement tout en favorisant certaines mobilités socio-spatiales.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of ligustilide on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling
Authors: Yang Xiumin , Qiao Chencai , Zheng Chao , Deng Qingjun 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of ligustilide on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and the signaling pathways involved.Methods: Sepsis-induced AKI was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. Histopathological renal damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining while creatinine and cytokines were measured using commercial kits. Protein levels were determined by Western blotting.Results: Vacuoles, dilations, degeneration, and necrosis were observed in CLP mouse kidneys, but these alterations were countered by 20 mg/kg of ligustilide. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were significantly increased in CLP mice compared with control. Furthermore, the serum levels of these indicators in serum were lowered by ligustilide (p < 0.01). The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) TLR4 and phosphorylated nuclear factor (NF)-κB in CLP mice were also downregulated by ligustilide. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels increased in CLP mice, but were attenuated by ligustilide (p < 0.01). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels decreased in CLP mice but were increased by ligustilide (p < 0.01). Increased expression of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were observed in CLP mice, and were further enhancced by ligustilide.Conclusion: Ligustilide exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on sepsis-induced AKI via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
Keywords: Ligustilide, Sepsis, Acute kidney injury, TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Downregulation of FOXO4 promotes neuronal survival by mediating oxidative-stress–induced apoptosis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Deng Chunying , Zhang Peilan , Zhang Yun 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the effect of FOXO4 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIR) injury and the underlying mechanism.Methods: An in vitro ischemia/reperfusion (IR) model was achieved using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Expression of RNA and protein was determined using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Commercial kits were used to measure lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD).Results: Following OGD/R, FOXO4 mRNA and protein expressions were upregulated in SH-SY5H human neuroblastoma cells. ODG/R reduced cell proliferation and increased the proportion of apoptotic cells, and these effects were inhibited by knockdown of FOXO4 (p < 0.05). Levels of cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) were increased after ODG/R and these increaseswere inhibited by FOXO4 knockdown. ROS content and levels of LDH and MDA were increased after ODG/R and decreased by knockdown of FOXO4 (p < 0.05). Levels of CAT and SOD were reduced after ODG/R, and this reduction was reversed by knockdown of FOXO4 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The results demonstrate that knockdown of FOXO4 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cellular apoptosis via reduction of oxidative stress after CIR injury, indicating a new therapeutic target for the treatment of CIR injury.
Keywords: FOXO4, Neuronal survival, Oxidative stress, Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Neuroprotective effects of crude extract of Crataegus songarica on a rat model of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Gao Xueliang , Wang Zhao , Jia Peilei , Zhao Yapeng , Wang Kai , Li Puyang , Cheng Jianye , Qin Lipeng , Fu Zengbin 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of Crataegus songarica extract (CSCE) against traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats, and the underlying mechanism of action.
Methods: A rat model of TBI was established via tracheal intubation procedure, and the rats were treated with graded doses of CSCE. Neuronal survival was determined by Nissl staining, while neuronal apoptosis was measured using TUNEL-staining. Neurological impairments were determined based on neurological severity score (NSS).
Results: Treatment of TBI rats with CSCE enhanced neuronal survival and decreased TUNEL-positive cell fraction in the brain cortex. The treatment prevented elevation of NSS and suppressed mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in brain cortex. Moreover, CSCE treatment prevented TBI-mediated suppression of activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and attenuated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in TBI rat brain cortex. Treatment of TBI rats with CSCE down-regulated NF-κB expression, increased Nrf2 expression and up-regulated mRNA expressions of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1).
Conclusion: These results suggest that CSCE prevents TBI-mediated reduction in neuronal survival and inhibits brain cortical neuronal death in rats. It improves NSS and inhibits inflammatory response via activation of Nrf2 pathway and targeting of NF-κB expression. Therefore, CSCE is a potential therapeutic agent for TBI.
Effect of diosmetin on young rats with high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhang Guoying , Yan Yuewu , Feng Xujiao 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the effect of diosmetin on young, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats.
Methods: Five groups of SD rats were used: control group, high-fat diet group, low-dose diosmetin group, medium-dose diosmetin group, and high-dose diosmetin group, each with 10 rats. After 3 months, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β) and TNF-α) were assayed. Protein expressions of p-AMPKα, CPT-1 and PPAR-α, AMPKα, SREBP-1c and FAS were assayed.
Results: In the high-fat diet group, the levels of p-AMPKα, CPT-1 and PPAR-α were lower than the corresponding control values, while p-AMPKα, CPT-1 and PPAR-α levels were dose-dependently higher in all diosmetin groups than in NAFLD group (p < 0.05). There were higher levels of SREBP-1c and FAS in the high-fat diet group than in control group, while SREBP-1c and FAS levels in all diosmetin groups were dose-dependently lower than the corresponding levels in NAFLD group. Serum IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α levels in NAFLD group were raised, relative to control values (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Diosmetin alleviates NAFLD lesions induced by high-fat diet, slows down liver cell apoptosis, and inhibits inflammation via activation of AMPK pathway. Thus, diosmetin has potentials for use in the repair of hepatic damage induced by high-fat diet.
In vitro immobilizing and spermicidal effects of methanol leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) on caprine spermatozoa
Authors: Oguejiofor Chike F. , Onyejekwe Obinna B. , Onwuzurike Onyinyechi I. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigate the in vitro effects of methanol leaf extract of E. hirta (MLEEH) on the motility, viability and morphology of caprine spermatozoa.
Methods: The effect of MLEEH treatment (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg per mL) on caprine sperm percentage total and progressive motility, viability and total abnormalities were evaluated at 1, 5 and 10 min post-treatment. Sperm revival test was used to evaluate the reversibility of sperm incapacitation following MLEEH treatment.
Results: There were significant interactions (p < 0.001) between the effects of MLEEH concentration and the duration of treatment on sperm total motility, progressive motility and viability. Increase in MLEEH concentration and the duration of treatment caused significant decreases (p < 0.05) in sperm total motility, progressive motility and viability, whereas sperm morphology was not altered. Washing and supplementation of MLEEH-treated sperm failed to revive sperm motility.
Conclusion: E. hirta treatment causes concentration-dependent and time-dependent decreases in total and progressive sperm motility and sperm viability, as well as irreversible immobilization of spermatozoa. These findings suggest possible adverse effects of E. hirta on the fertility of males. Thus, the extract can be potentially developed as an antifertility or contraceptive agent.
Rapid screening and characterization of caffeic acid metabolites in rats by UHPLC-Q-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Yuan Jiaqi , Wang Yunting , Mi Shengquan , Zhang Jiayu , Sun Yaxuan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the metabolism of caffeic acid in rats.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered caffeic acid in saline suspension, and biological samples collected. After sample pretreatment by solid phase extraction, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry system (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was established to rapidly screen and characterize caffeic acid metabolites in rats. Waters HSS T3 UPLC chromatographic column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) was applied for the gradient elution with aqueous solution of formic acid (A)-acetonitrile (B). Mass spectral data for the biological samples in electrospray positive and negative ion modes were collected and analyzed by SCIEX OS 1.3 workstation.
Results: Based on their precise molecular weights and multistage mass spectrometry cleavage information, caffeic acid and 21 metabolites in vivo were identified. The results demonstrate that the biotransformation of caffeic acid in vivo was mainly achieved via hydrogenation, hydroxylation, methylation, sulfonation, glucuronidation, acetylation, and composite reactions.
Conclusion: The metabolites and metabolic pathways of caffeic acid in rats have been rapidly elucidated, and its potential pharmacodynamics forms have been clarified. This provides a valuable and meaningful reference for the study of caffeic acid metabolites, biological activities, and its medicinal material basis in vivo.
Matrine induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via miR-122 mediated CG1/livin/survivin signal axis
Authors: Pu Zhongjian , Wang Yajun , Ge Fei , Zhu Shilin , Cheng Yuan , Liu Hua , Dai Qijun , Hua Haiqing 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To study the impact of matrine on cell cycle and apoptotic changes in hepatoma cells, and the mechanism involved.
Methods: Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was treated with different concentrations of matrine. The blank control cells were maintained in 1640 medium only. The influence of matrine on proliferative ability was determined with 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) method. Flow cytometry was used to determine its effect on cell cycle and apoptosis; RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) was applied to assay the mRNA expressions of miR-122, cyclin G1 (CG1), livin and survivin mRNA, while the protein expressions of CG1, livin and surviving were assayed by Western blotting.
Results: Matrine time- and dose-dependently suppressed the proliferative capacity of the cells. At a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, matrine had no significant effect on the cell cycle. However, 1.0 mg/mL matrine blocked the cell cycle in G1 phase, while 1.5 mg/mL matrine blocked HepG2 cells in G2/M phase (p < 0.05). Moreover, matrine induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and markedly downregulated the expressions of miR-122 concentration- time-reliantly (p < 0.05). In addition, matrine markedly and concentration-dependently reduced mRNA and protein expression levels of CG1, livin and survivin, with the strongest inhibitory effect at a level of 1.5 mg/mL.
Conclusion: Matrine induces cell cycle block and apoptotic changes in hepatoma cells through a mechanism related to regulation of the CG1/livin/survivin signal axis mediated by miR-122. Matrine may be a potential treatment for liver cancer. However, clinical trials are needed to confirm this potential.
The current state of the introduction coenopopulation of Gymnospermium odessanum on the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” at the M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine
Authors: Gritsenko Victoria 
Published: January 2022

Gymnospermium odessanum is a rare relict endemic plant species. The research was carried out during G. odessanum flowering in 2019–2021 at the botanical-geographical plot “Steppes of Ukraine” of the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NBG). Ecological and coenotic conditions of introduction at the NBG differ from natural habitats of the species and are not optimal for its vegetation. However, this species demonstrated ecological-coenotic plasticity and, over the decades, has formed a stable homeostatic introduction coenopopulation here. As of 2021, the area of introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum at the NBG was 2,075 m2. It comprises 412 individuals of this species (including 40 seedlings, 241 juvenile, 45 immature, 40 virginal, 45 generative, and 1 sub-senile plants). Coenopopulation fragments with a high density of G. odessanum individuals are rare here, so the average density is low – only 0.2 individuals per 1 m2. In 2021, in the spectrum of age states, the total percentage of pregenerative individuals was very high and reached 88.8 %; the share of generative individuals was 10.9 %.In general, the age structure of the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum is characterized by long-term (2010–2021) stability. The spatial distribution of individuals in the introduction coenopopulation is of two kinds – random and in groups. This is due to combined myrmecochoric and barochoric propagation. Also due to myrmecochory, this coenopopulation tends to spread the area. Compared to natural coenopopulations, the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum at the NBG is characterized by a larger area, a much significant number, and, at the same time, a low average density of individuals. However, like in most of natural populations, its age spectrum is left-sided.The conducted research testifies the successful formation of the introduction coenopopulation of G. odessanum in the meadow-steppe cultural phytocoenosis of the NBG. This introduction coenopopulation is an example of a successful multi-year scientific experiment and effective ex situ protection and preservation of G. odessanum on the northern border of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, far beyond the natural range of this endemic plant species.
Análisis de los factores que influyen en la selección de una Universidad en bachilleres de la ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: Cárdenas Jessica , Pinos Greta 
Published: January 2022

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que
influyen en la selección de una universidad en un grupo de bachilleres de
Guayaquil, basado en su imagen, prestigio, infraestructura y demás aspectos que,
para los estudiantes, proyectan un valor agregado. En la revisión de literatura se
intentó conceptualizar y explicar la relación de las variables de investigación
establecidas como: imagen corporativa, calidad académica y la decisión de
compra del consumidor. A través de esta investigación se diseñó una escala de
medición basada en el estudio de García y Moreno (2012) referente a una lista
de 10 autores que recopiló al menos 38 atributos recomendables para la selección
de una universidad. En este caso, la escala de medición fue construida por un
total de 34 ítems agrupados en 5 dimensiones como: factores de infraestructura,
económico, académico, administrativos y sociales y prestaciones, con el fin de
realizar una encuesta a un grupo de 196 bachilleres recién graduados de la ciudad
de Guayaquil. Los resultados determinaron que la dimensión académica es la
más influyente al momento de escoger una universidad, dado que tiene que ver
con el prestigio de los docentes, los valores inculcados, la certificación de entes
reguladores e inclusive la flexibilidad de horarios y la duración de los programas
universitarios para que los estudiantes puedan estudiar y a la vez costear su
programa académico.
KESANTUNAN TUTURAN DALANG TEGALAN DALAM LIMBUKAN PADA PEMENTASAN WAYANG PURWA
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini diberi judul “Kesantunan Tuturan Dalang Tegalan dalam Limbukan pada Pemenetasan Wayang Purwa”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan tuturan dalang tegalan dalam limbukan pada pementasan wayang purwa, (2) pematuhan prinsip kesantunan tuturan yang digunakan dalang tegalan dalam limbukan pada pementasan wayang purwa, dan (3) strategi kesantunan yang digunakan dalam tuturan dalang tegalan dalam limbukan pada pementasan wayang purwa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik simak dan catat. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa tuturan yang diduga mematuhi dan melanggar kesantunan berbahasa beserta konteksnya, dan tuturan tersebut nantinya akan ditranskripsi ke dalam bentuk tulisan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat pelanggaran prinsip kesantunan oleh Dalang Tegalan dalam limbukan pada pementasan wayang purwa antara lain pada bidal: (1) ketimbangrasaan, (2) keperkenaan, dan (3) kerendahatian. Pematuhan prinsip kesantunan oleh Dalang Tegalan dalam limbukan pada pementasan wayang purwa antara lain pada bidal : (1) kemurahhatian, (2) keperkenaan, dan (3) kerendahhatian. Strategi kesantunan yang dilakukan Dalang Tegalan antara lain: (1) kurmat, (2) andhap asor, dan (3) empan papan.
Ictericia Colestásica como manifestación paraneoplásica (Una rara variante del síndrome de Stauffer: A propósito de un reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura)
Authors: Rivera Laura Alejandra León , Hernández Alfredo Tercero González , Bohórquez Jhon Fredy Buitrago , Campos. Daniel Mauricio Núñez , Merchán. Jenny Andrea Velásquez 
Published: January 2022

El síndrome de Stauffer, es una entidad poco frecuente, descrita por primera vez por el gastroenterólogo Estadounidense Maurice H. stauffer como una manifestación paraneoplásica en una paciente con carcinoma de células renales. Se presenta clásicamente con colestasis sin ictericia, no asociada a una causa aparente o sin enfermedad subyacente (1). Sin embargo, se ha descrito una variante inusual de este síndrome que si cursa con colestasis e ictericia.
La ictericia colestásica que se asocia con malignidad, generalmente es el resultado de la obstrucción de los conductos biliares o metástasis hepáticas, sin embargo se han descrito casos de colestasis no relacionados con la vía biliar y sí como manifestación paraneoplásica de una entidad maligna, descrito como el síndrome de Stauffer caracterizado por ser una entidad clínica que se manifiesta a través de colestasis intrahepática reversible, clásicamente descrita en pacientes con carcinoma de células renales y en menor frecuencia en otras formas como cáncer de próstata, páncreas, broncogénico de pulmón (2). A diferencia de su forma clásica, se ha descrito una variante caracterizada por presentar ictericia generalizada (3). Se describe el caso de un paciente quien ingresa al hospital en contexto de un síndrome ictérico descartándose posibles causas obstructivas biliares, infecciosas, autoinmunes e infiltrativas por biopsia hepática. Se diagnostica carcinoma de próstata, se le brinda tratamiento radical y finalmente presenta rápida mejoría clínica.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI HEDONIS, UTILITARIAN DAN EXIGENCY TERHADAP PEMBELIAN PRODUK YANG DIMEDIASI OLEH KRISIS COVID-19
Authors: Fallo Apryanus , Goetha Selfiana 
Published: January 2022

Adanya pandemi Covid-19 juga berdampak pada perubahan pola hidup masyarakat sehingga mengharuskan masyarakat untuk mampu beradaptasi dengan kebiasaan baru. Dalam skenario ini, kekhawatiran yang jelas muncul bagi perusahaan dan pemerintah yang memastikan bagaimana perilaku pembelian konsumen akan terpengaruh oleh krisis Covid-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana motivasi dan perilaku pembelian konsumen di tengah krisis yang diakibatkan pandemi covid-19. , jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif-hipotesis testing research. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling. Hasil penelitian terhadap konsumen di masa krisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel hedonic berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap variabel Overall Covid – 19 Crisis Awerness , variabel Purchasing Categories basic needs product, dan variabel Purchasing Categories non basic needs product . Variabel utilitarian berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap variabel Overall Covid – 19 Crisis Awerness , variabel Purchasing Categories basic needs product , dan variabel Purchasing Categories non basic needs product. Variabel exigency berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel Overall Covid – 19 Crisis Awerness, variabel Purchasing Categories basic needs product, dan variabel Purchasing Categories non basic needs product .
AZ INFLUENZA ELLENI VÉDŐOLTÁS HATÁSA EGYES MÁS EGÉSZSÉGÜGYI TÉNYEZŐKRE
Authors: Vajo Peter 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglalás
A jelenlegi koronavírus világjárvány bebizonyította, hogy mennyire sérülékeny az emberi populáció a fertőző betegségekkel szemben. Az emberiség történetében az egyik legrégebben jelenlévő, számos nagy járványért felelős vírus az influenza. Alapbetegségként is, illetve a hozzá társuló másodlagos fertőzések okán is az egyik legnagyobb fertőzésveszély-forrás, amely hosszú története során több millió ember haláláért felelős. Korábbi kutatásaim során sikerült bizonyítanom a beadott influenza elleni védőoltások és az influenza megbetegedések előfordulása közötti összefüggéseket. Jelen tanulmány célja annak bemutatása, hogy a Magyarországon alkalmazott influenza elleni védőoltások milyen kapcsolatban vannak, illetve milyen hatást gyakorolnak az egészségügy egyéb területeire és ezáltal hogyan hatnak az életminőség alakulására. A felhasznált adatok egzakt statisztikai forrásokból származnak, a felhasználásukkal elvégzett számításokból levont következtetések pedig bizonyítják, hogy az influenza elleni átoltottság mértéke kimutathatóan pozitívan befolyásolja a különböző betegségtípusok előfordulásának gyakoriságát, illetve lefolyásának súlyosságát. Ezen kívül szignifikáns hatással bír a várható élettartam alakulására is.