bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elementary teacher occupational health outcomes across schools with varying resources and demographics
Authors: Mosley Kristen C. , McCarthy Christopher J. , Lambert Richard G. , Fitchett Paul G. , Dillard Jendayi B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEquity for students includes access to a healthy teacher workforce across all school settings. This study sought to disentangle the role of racial/ethnic (in)congruence in teacher stress from school resources by using propensity score analysis to match Black, Hispanic, and White elementary teachers on individual, classroom, and school characteristics, and examining whether these matched teachers reported differences in stress outcomes when working in schools where the predominant student demography was either congruent or incongruent with their own. Data from the 2015−2016 National Teacher and Principal Survey was used to find propensity score matches among 7540 Black, Hispanic, and White elementary teachers. Black, Hispanic, and White teachers all reported stronger occupational health outcomes in higher‐resourced, majority‐White schools. Black and Hispanic teachers reported higher levels of occupational health outcomes than White teachers when teaching in under‐resourced, majority−minority schools. These findings suggest important implications for teacher training and support, such as considering increased training and reflection opportunities on culturally responsive teaching, broadening policies that homogeneously categorize and aim to uniformly support “teachers of color,” and examining the ways in which teacher identity uniquely informs their workplace experiences and may necessitate differentiated resources.
Data‐independent acquisition and quantification of extracellular matrix from human lung in chronic inflammation‐associated carcinomas
Authors: Bons Joanna , Pan Deng , Shah Samah , Bai Rosemary , Chen‐Tanyolac Chira , Wang Xianhong , Elliott Daffolyn R. Fels , Urisman Anatoly , O'Broin Amy , Basisty Nathan , Rose Jacob , Sangwan Veena , Camilleri‐Broët Sophie , Tankel James , Gascard Philippe , Ferri Lorenzo , Tlsty Thea D. , Schilling Birgit 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarly events associated with chronic inflammation and cancer involve significant remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which greatly affects its composition and functional properties. Using lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), a chronic inflammation‐associated cancer (CIAC), we optimized a robust proteomic pipeline to discover potential biomarker signatures and protein changes specifically in the stroma. We combined ECM enrichment from fresh human tissues, data‐independent acquisition (DIA) strategies, and stringent statistical processing to analyze “Tumor” and matched adjacent histologically normal (“Matched Normal”) tissues from patients with LSCC. Overall, 1802 protein groups were quantified with at least two unique peptides, and 56% of those proteins were annotated as “extracellular.” Confirming dramatic ECM remodeling during CIAC progression, 529 proteins were significantly altered in the “Tumor” compared to “Matched Normal” tissues. The signature was typified by a coordinated loss of basement membrane proteins and small leucine‐rich proteins. The dramatic increase in the stromal levels of SERPINH1/heat shock protein 47, that was discovered using our ECM proteomic pipeline, was validated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of “Tumor” and “Matched Normal” tissues, obtained from an independent cohort of LSCC patients. This integrated workflow provided novel insights into ECM remodeling during CIAC progression, and identified potential biomarker signatures and future therapeutic targets.
An ecological and evolutionary perspective of the historical US nursery flora
Authors: Kinlock Nicole L. , Adams Denise W. , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: October 2022

Societal Impact StatementThe plants sold in nurseries directly influence urban landscapes by providing habitat that supports humans and other organisms and indirectly influence the natural landscape by acting as a major source of invasive species. We analyzed the ornamental plants sold in US nurseries from 1719 to 1946 and found broad patterns of increasing diversity occurring in step with an increase in species relatedness, a switch from native to alien species, and a decrease in regional distinctness. Patterns like these, which have been observed recently in urban areas, thus have a basis in cultivation/horticultural history.SummaryCultivated plants are foundational species in urban areas, where they simultaneously provide essential ecosystem services while posing a risk of invasion into natural communities. We sought to characterize the spatial and temporal patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of cultivated plants using historical data to better understand the origins of the patterns of diversity observed in present‐day human‐dominated landscapes.Using records of 5098 ornamental vascular plant species available in 319 US nursery catalogs published from 1719 to 1946, we quantified the taxonomic and phylogenetic ‐diversity, phylogenetic structure, and ‐diversity of the historical US nursery flora in cultural regions, biomes, latitudinal bands, and longitudinal zones.We showed a peaked increase in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the US nursery flora over time, concurrent with the proliferation of nurseries and the addition of new species to nursery offerings. However, standardized phylogenetic diversity showed a convex pattern, with a trough during a time of peak growth and connectivity in the nursery industry, and diversity actually decreased at the end of the time series. We also showed a pattern of increasing homogenization of regional nursery floras, as well as a shift from offering predominately native to predominately alien species.Echos of the history of the US nursery industry can be found today in patterns with great ecological relevance. Previous reports of high alien plant diversity in urban areas, phylogenetic clustering and overdispersion among naturalized alien plants, and homogenization of urban plant communities are all consistent with the historical availability of these plants in the nursery flora.
Foreign body aspiration in Israeli children during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Golan‐Tripto Inbal , Tsabari Reuven , Picard Elie , Stafler Patrick , Armoni Domany Keren , Goldbart Aviv D. , Aviram Micha , Gatt Dvir , Bari Romi , Tsaregorodtsev Sergey , Peled Chilaf , Melnik Pesah , Bar‐Yoseph Ronen , Gut Guy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, there has been a decline in pediatric emergency department visits. Our aim was to assess the pattern of pediatric foreign body aspiration (FBA) during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic, in comparison to the prior years.MethodsIn this retrospective multicenter study, we compared the number of children who presented with FBA during the COVID‐19 year (March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021) to the annual average of the years 2016–2019. We also compared the lockdown periods to the postlockdown periods, and the percentage of missed FBA, proven FBA, and flexible bronchoscopy as the removal procedure.ResultsA total of 345 children with FBA from six centers were included, 276 in the pre‐COVID‐19 years (average 69 per year) and 69 in the COVID‐19 year. There was no difference in the prevalence of FBA between the COVID‐19 year and any of the prior 4 years. Examining the lockdown effect, the monthly incidence of FBA dropped from a pre‐COVID‐19 average of 5.75 cases to 5.1 cases during lockdown periods and increased to 6.3 cases in postlockdown periods. No difference in the percentage of missed FB or proven FB was observed. There was a significant rise in the usage of flexible bronchoscopy as the removal procedure (average of 15.4% vs. 30.4%,p = 0.001).ConclusionThere were fewer cases of pediatric FBA during lockdown periods, compared to post‐lockdown periods, presumably related to better parental supervision, with no difference in the prevalence of FBA during the COVID‐19 year.
Investigating the Acoustic Response Characteristics of a Solid Rocket Motor Combustor in High‐Temperature and High‐Pressure Environments
Authors: Chen Xiaolin , Zhang Guangxue , Xu Peihui , Guo Yuxin , Liu Jianzhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of aerospace technologies, coupling of pressure oscillations and unstable combustion in solid rocket motors has become a research hotspot in the past few years. In the present study, an experimental system is designed to investigate high‐pressure flows subjected to acoustic excitation. Then cold flow experiments and numerical simulations are carried out with different acoustic excitation frequencies, different background pressures, and different ambient temperatures. The pressure oscillation characteristics and the acoustic response characteristics of the combustion chamber in a high‐temperature and high‐pressure combustion chamber are analyzed. It is found that the frequency of the pressure oscillation inside the combustion chamber and the output excitation frequency of the signal generator are the same. When the excitation frequency is in the range of 50–200 Hz, the sound pressure amplitude corresponding to each test temperature increases with the increase of the frequency. Moreover, when the background pressure is in the range of 0–0.6 MPa, the sound pressure amplitude increases with the increase of the pressure. Meanwhile, there is no clear correlation between the sound pressure amplitude of the combustion chamber and temperature when the chamber temperature is in the range of 293–363 K. The obtained results from the numerical simulation are consistent with the experimental data and the relative error is less than 5.9 %, which verifies the accuracy of the model. The simulated sound pressure amplitude in the combustion chamber at high temperatures and high pressures is a cubic function of pressure and temperature. The present study is expected to provide an innovative way to investigate pressure oscillations and combustion instability of the propellant in the combustion chamber of solid rocket motors at high temperatures and high pressures.
Lack of concordance between the different exercise test measures used in the risk stratification of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Mora Cuesta Víctor M. , Martínez Meñaca Amaya , Iturbe Fernández David , Tello Mena Sandra , Alonso Lecue Pilar , Fernández Márquez Daniel , Sáinz‐Ezquerra Belmonte Begoña , Gallardo Ruiz María José , Cifrián Martínez José Manuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patients it is essential to perform a prognostic assessment to optimize the treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk stratification concordance assessed with different exercise test variables in a cohort of PAH patients. A retrospective analysis was performed using patient data registered in the PAH unit. Only those patients in whom the mean time elapsed between the 6‐min walking test (6MWT) and the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was a maximum of 6 months were selected. A total of 140 records from 40 patients were finally analyzed. When it came to assessing the concordance between the two exercise tests in the guidelines (CPET and 6MWT), up to 84.3% of the records did not coincide in terms of the risk stratification. Exclusively considering the CPET parameters, most of the records (75%) failed to include all three variables in the same risk category. When analyzing the VO2 alone, up to 40.7% of the tests yielded different risk classifications depending on whether the parameter was expressed. In conclusion, there is a low concordance between the two proposed exercise tests. These results should be a call for reflection on whether the cut‐off points set for the exercise tests proposed for the current risk stratification are adequate to achieve a correct risk stratification or whether they require an appropriate revision.
Adaptive state observation of linear time‐varying systems with delayed measurements and unknown parameters
Authors: Bezzubov Valentin , Bobtsov Alexey , Efimov Denis , Ortega Romeo , Nikolaev Nikolay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this article, we address the problem of adaptive state observation of linear time‐varying systems with delayed measurements and unknown parameters. Our new developments extend the results reported in our recently works. The case with known parameters has been studied by many researchers. However in this article we show that the generalized parameter estimation‐based observer design provides a very simple solution for the unknown parameter case. Moreover, when this observer design technique is combined with the dynamic regressor extension and mixing estimation procedure the estimated state and parameters converge in fixed‐time imposing extremely weak excitation assumptions.
Going beyond optimal distinctiveness: Strategic positioning for gaining an audience composition premium
Authors: Majzoubi Majid , Zhao Eric Yanfei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryA core question in strategy research is how firms should position themselves to gain favorable audience evaluations. Emphasizing the heterogeneity in audience predispositions, we propose that firms can gain an audience composition premium by strategically positioning themselves to gain more (less) attention from audiences with positive (negative) predispositions toward them. We argue that this approach to strategic positioning is more conducive for firms with high dispersion in their audience predispositions and that firms can increase their ability to gain an audience composition premium by engaging with audiences holding moderately diverse evaluative schemas. We employ recommender systems and topic modeling to analyze 152,312 firm‐analyst‐year observations from 1997 to 2018 and 297,931 earnings call transcripts of U.S. public firms and find strong support for our predictions.Managerial SummaryA key question managers encounter is how to increase their firms' evaluations from external evaluators such as security analysts. In this study, we show that firms can increase their aggregate analyst recommendations by influencing the composition of analysts who opt to cover them and gaining evaluations from analysts who have more favorable predispositions toward them (i.e., by gaining an audience composition premium). Our findings also suggest that gaining an audience composition premium is more important for enhancing a firm's aggregate analyst recommendations when there is a higher dispersion in analyst predispositions toward the firm. To increase its ability to gain an audience composition premium, the firm should engage with analysts who exhibit a moderate degree of heterogeneity in their evaluative schemas.
Simultaneously Improved Surface and Bulk Participation of Evolved Perovskite Oxide for Boosting Oxygen Evolution Reaction Activity Using a Dynamic Cation Exchange Strategy
Authors: Xie Jiao , Gao Yang , Chen Guichan , Wang Yi , Yu Jing , Ciucci Francesco , Chen Dengjie , Shao Zongping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerovskite oxides are intriguing electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction, but both surface (e.g., composition) and bulk (e.g., lattice oxygen) properties should be optimized to maximize their participation in offering favorable activity and durability. In this work, it is demonstrated that through introducing exogenous Fe3+ () into the liquid electrolyte, not only is the reconstructed surface stabilized and optimized, but the lattice oxygen diffusion is also accelerated. As a result, compared to that in Fe‐free 0.1 m KOH, PrBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ in 0.1 m KOH + 0.1 mm Fe3+ demonstrates a tenfold increment in activity, an extremely low Tafel slope of ≈50 mV dec‐1, and outstanding stability at 10.0 mA cm‐2 for 10 h. The superior activity and stability are further demonstrated in Zn–air batteries by presenting high open‐circuit voltage, narrow potential gap, high power output, and long‐term cycle stability (500 cycles). Based on experimental and theoretical calculations, it is discovered that the dynamical interaction between the Co hydr(oxy)oxide from surface reconstruction and intentional Fe3+ from the electrolyte plays an important role in the enhanced activity and durability, while the generation of a perovskite‐hydr(oxy)oxide heterostructure improves the lattice oxygen diffusion to facilitate lattice oxygen participation and enhances the stability.
An efficient list‐based task scheduling algorithm for heterogeneous distributed computing environment
Authors: Madhura Rajarethinam , Uthariaraj Vaidyanathan Rhymend , Elizabeth Benjamin Lydia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe task
scheduling in heterogeneous distributed computing systems plays a crucial role in reducing the makespan and maximizing resource utilization. The diverse nature of the devices in heterogeneous distributed computing systems intensifies the complexity of scheduling the tasks. To overcome this problem, a new list‐based static task scheduling algorithm namely Deadline‐Aware‐Longest‐Path‐of‐all‐Predecessors (DA‐LPP) is being proposed in this article. In the prioritization phase of the DA‐LPP algorithm, the path length of the current task from all its predecessors at each level is computed and among them, the longest path length value is assigned as the rank of the task. This strategy emphasizes the tasks in the critical path. This well‐optimized prioritization phase leads to an observable minimization in the makespan of the applications. In the processor selection phase, the DA‐LPP algorithm implements the improved insertion‐based policy which effectively utilizes the unoccupied leftover free time slots of the processors which improve resource utilization, further least computation cost allocation approach is followed to minimize the overall computation cost of the processors and parental prioritization policy is incorporated to further reduce
the scheduling length. To demonstrate the robustness of the proposed algorithm, a synthetic graph generator is used in this experiment to generate a huge variety of graphs. Apart from the synthetic graphs, real‐world application graphs like Montage, LIGO, Cybershake, and Epigenomic are also considered to grade the performance of the DA‐LPP algorithm. Experimental results of the DA‐LPP algorithm show improvement in performance in terms of scheduling length ratio, makespan reduction rate
, and resource reduction rate when compared with other algorithms like DQWS,
DUCO, DCO
and EPRD.
The results reveal that for 1000 task set with deadline equals to two times of the critical path, the scheduling length ratio of the DA‐LPP algorithm is better than DQWS by 35%, DUCO by 23%, DCO by 26 %, and EPRD by 17%.
The cognitive characteristics of music‐evoked autobiographical memories: Evidence from a systematic review of clinical investigations
Authors: Kaiser Alexander P. , Berntsen Dorthe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn healthy adults, autobiographical memories (AMs) evoked by music appear to have unique cognitive characteristics that set them apart from AMs evoked by other cues. If this is the case, we might expect music cues to alleviate AM deficits in clinical disorders. This systematic review examines music‐evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) in clinical populations, focusing on cognitive characteristics, and whether MEAMs differ from AMs evoked by other stimuli. We identified 15 studies featuring participants with Alzheimer's disease (AD), behavioral variant — Frontotemporal dementia (bv‐FTD), acquired brain damage, and depression. We found that music evokes AMs in these disorders, and that familiar music was more likely to evoke AMs. Compared with healthy controls, AD participants had a relative advantage for MEAMs over picture‐evoked AMs. People with damage to the medial prefrontal cortex showed preserved access to MEAMs in terms of frequency, but a relative disadvantage regarding the episodic richness for MEAMs, but not for memories cued by pictures, compared to controls. Participants with bv‐FTD had fewer AMs evoked after both music and pictures than healthy controls. Across conditions, MEAMs were generally specific and retrieved fast, suggesting little retrieval effort. MEAMs were also positive, except in depression, where as many negative as positive AMs were produced. These findings suggest several underlying cognitive and affective mechanisms of MEAMs, including anxiety reduction, increased fluency, music‐evoked emotions, reminiscence, and involuntary retrieval, and that these might be moderated by musical abilities and memory for music. In conclusion, MEAMs appear to be relatively well preserved, especially in AD.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Memory
What Is a Vision Zero Policy? Lessons from a Multi-sectoral Perspective
Authors: Kristianssen Ann-Catrin , Andersson Ragnar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVision Zero is a term mainly connected with road traffic safety and has its roots in the Swedish road safety strategy. It was formally adopted by the Swedish parliament in 1997, and due to the initial success of lowering the number of deaths in traffic crashes significantly, it has become a role model for road safety strategies in countries and cities all over the world. In Sweden, Vision Zero for road safety has also inspired the introduction of Vision Zero policies in other sectors, and this chapter focuses on Vision Zero from a multi-sectoral perspective. The purpose of this chapter is twofold: to present five different cases of Vision Zero policies and to discuss what constitutes a Vision Zero policy based on these five cases. The five cases are found in road traffic safety, fire safety, patient safety, suicide, and workplace safety. Every case has its unique preconditions in terms of laws, actors, scope, etc., but they are also similar in relation to injury prevention and the ambition to decrease the number of deaths and serious injuries. The five Vision Zero policies are summarized by presenting the problem and problem framing, the goal, measures, and solutions as well as leading actors and governing structures. We find that the problem itself is quite self-explanatory in each case but that the problem framing and attribution of responsibility differ. All cases have on paper been inspired by the road safety strategies, but the systems approach, so intimately connected with Vision Zero, is more or less absent in the cases of fire safety and suicide. Furthermore, in the field of fire safety, responsibility is placed on the individual and on the business sector rather than based on a shared responsibility and ultimately on the system designers. In all five cases, there are a set of measures in place, but there are differences in implementation due to temporal factors and also what kind of governing and steering structures are in place. There is also a difference in internal support where the Vision Zero for suicide stands out as having less support among agencies working with the issue. Finally, the monitoring systems differ from case to case. The Vision Zero for road traffic safety stands out as having a monitoring and evaluating system based on specific safety targets ultimately aiming toward zero (management by objectives). Based on the empirical findings, we argue that besides having a clear problem and problem framing, a toolbox of measures, a monitoring system, and a governing structure, a policy based on a visionary approach with an ambition to reach zero needs additional perspectives or criteria in order to be successful: (1) ascientificapproach to problem framing and solutions, (2) acomprehensiveapproach, (3) along-termcommitment, and (4) a system and structure based ongovernance. These criteria do not necessarily have to be in place in order to adopt Vision Zero, but they are a prerequisite for building a system based on Vision Zero.