bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cu9S5 nanoparticles encapsulated in N, S co-doped carbon nanofibers as anodes for high-performance lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Lu Rou , Zhou Shuang , Chai Simin , Zhong Yue , Zhang Haomiao , Chen Jing , Chang Zhi , Pan Anqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Copper sulfides (Cu
x
S) have gained increasing attention for using as anodes of rechargeable batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity and good electron conductivity. However, the structure instability and sluggish reaction kinetics seriously deteriorate their electrochemical performance. To tackle with these inherent drawbacks, an elaborate hierarchical architecture composed of N, S co-doped carbon nanofibers and well-dispersed Cu9S5 nanocrystallines (Cu9S5/CNFs) was fabricated. After sulfurization, the Cu9S5 nanoparticles that uniformly distributed on the CNFs surface are well-encapsulated inside the graphitic carbon shell. For the hierarchical Cu9S5/CNFs, the ion diffusion pathways can be shortened by the nano-sized Cu9S5 while the graphitized carbon shell can provide rapid electron transfer as well as accommodate the volume variation of Cu9S5 upon cycling. Additionally, the heteroatom within CNFs can provide abundant edges and defects for adsorbing lithium/sodium ions, thus boosting the reaction kinetics of batteries. Benefiting from all of these merits, the Cu9S5/CNFs composite obtained under 600 °C (Cu9S5/CNFs-600) used as anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) demonstrates high specific capacity (709.2 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 100 cycles), good rate performance (509.1 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1) and excellent durability (540.2 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 800 cycles with a ultrahigh capacity retention of 92.5%). And it also exhibits stable cycling performance (with a capacity retention of 90.5% after 1500 cycles at 1 A g−1) and excellent rate performance in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). This work provides a promising strategy to prepare high-performance copper sulfides-based anode materials for LIBs and SIBs.
Weyl semimetal states in transition metal monochalcogenide superlattices AX/BX (A, B = Cr, Mo, W, A ≠ B; X = Se, Te)
Authors: Zhao X M , Li Y Z , Zhao L L , Dai T A , Zhong J X , Meng L J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations and the Wannier-function-based tight-binding method, we investigate the topological electronic properties of designed noncentrosymmetric transition metal monochalcogenide superlattices AX/BX (A, B = Cr, Mo, W, A ≠ B; X = Se, Te). Here, we mainly consider time-reversal symmetry (TRS) MoTe/WTe and MoSe/WSe and TRS broken CrTe/WTe and CrTe/MoTe, which are the Weyl and magnetic Weyl semimetals, respectively. The considered systems are nodal line semimetals with nodal lines on three mirror planes of the Brillouin zone of hexagonal lattice in the absence of spin–orbit coupling (SOC). When considering the SOC, each nodal line opens a gap except for some pairs of Weyl points (WPs) on the kz
≠ 0 planes and the number of WPs is material-dependent. We identify the termination-dependent Fermi arc connection patterns on the (001) and (00

1
ˉ

) surfaces for four Weyl semimetal superlattices AX/BX. These results provide a theoretical basis to realize the possible applications of these superlattice materials in future topological electronic devices.
Zeeman and laser site selective spectroscopy of C1 point group symmetry Sm3+ centres in Y2SiO5: a parametrized crystal-field analysis for the 4f
5 configuration
Authors: Jobbitt N L , Wells J-P R , Reid M F 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Parametrized crystal-field analyses are presented for both the six and seven fold coordinated, C1 symmetry Sm3+ centres in Y2SiO5, based on extensive spectroscopic data spanning the infrared to optical regions. Laser site-selective excitation and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as Zeeman absorption spectroscopy performed along multiple crystallographic directions has been utilized, in addition to previously determined g tensors for the 6H5/2Z1 and 4G5/2A1 states. The resultant analyses give good approximation to the experimental energy levels and magnetic splittings, yielding crystal-field parameters consistent with the few other lanthanide ions for which such analyses are available.
Effect of Ce substitution on the local magnetic ordering and phonon instabilities in antiferromagnetic DyCrO3 perovskites
Authors: Das S , Dokala R K , Weise B , Medwal R , Rawat R S , Mishra P K , Thota S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A detailed crystal structure analysis, temperature and field dependence of magnetic characteristics and phonon instabilities for different compositions (0.1 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.5) of Dy1−x
Ce
x
CrO3 solid-solutions have been reported. All the investigated compounds exhibit distorted orthorhombic crystal structure with a distortion factor of d
Oct/d
Cell ∼ 6 × 10−3/3.5 ppm (for x ∼ 0.2) for Pbnm space group that follows Vegard’s law. The bonds between apical oxygen atoms (OA1) and Cr atoms stand more rigidly in comparison with the basal oxygen atoms (OB1/OB2) resulting the octahedral distortion and thereby causing the changes in phonon modes. The CrO6 octahedral tilt angle θ rotates with respect to the Miller pseudocubic axis [101] which varies from 10.36° (x = 0.1) to 12.25° (x = 0.5) and significantly influences the Ag(5) phonon stability by 3% for a change in A-site mean radius from 1.095 Å to 1.141 Å for x = 0.1 and 0.5, respectively. From the magnetization measurements we find that these series of compositions exhibit canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering with Néel temperature,

T

N

1

that increases from 151.8 K (x = 0.1) to 162 K (x = 0.5) which also manifests as a significant reduction in the magneto-crystalline anisotropy (H
K ∼ 2.58 kOe → 2.07 kOe, K
1 ∼ 36.47 J m−3 → 18.97 J m−3) while maintaining the stable Γ4(G

x
, A

y
, F

z
) AFM configuration. Both Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction method and modified Curie–Weiss law are employed to analyse the inverse paramagnetic susceptibility, χ
−1(T >

T

N

1

). Further, we have evaluated the symmetric (J
S) and antisymmetric exchange (D
AS) constants, which show progressively increasing trend (J
S → 10.08 K to 11.18 K and D
AS → 1.24 K to 1.73 K) with the incorporation of Ce inside the perovskite lattice. Furthermore, the role of Ce substitution on the low-temperature spin reorientation transition (T
SR ∼ 3.5 K → 16.8 K pertaining to the Γ25 phase configuration) and emergence of

Γ

2

(

F

x

,

C

y

,

G

z

;

F

x

R

,

C

y

R

)

weak-FM phase between 31 K and 45.5 K are discussed in consonance with the phonon spectra.
Enhanced seeded region growing algorithm and its application in signal decomposition
Authors: Ma Chaoyong , Ma Xingjie , Xu Yonggang , Xiang Ling , Zhang Kun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The components in an engineering signal may overlap in the frequency domain, which causes great inconvenience and even errors in traditional one-dimensional signal processing methods. To identify and extract components in the signal from the time-frequency domain, this paper proposes a time-frequency domain signal decomposition method based on enhanced seeded region growing (ESRG). This paper extends the seeded region growing method to adaptive recognition of target regions in the time-frequency representation and divides the time-frequency representation into several time-frequency components. ESRG can reduce the influence of noise, expand the self-adaptability of time-frequency decomposition and avoid errors caused by manually setting the growth point and threshold. The results of the numerical verification and decomposition of bat echo signals show that this method can accurately decompose multi-component non-stationary signals. The decomposition results of rotor fault and rolling bearing fault signals show that this method can be successfully applied to fault diagnosis.
An accurate and reliable positioning methodology for land vehicles in tunnels based on UWB/INS integration
Authors: Kong Xin , Li Xu , Song Xiang , Tian Yuan , Kong Dong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
At present, the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is the most widely used technology in the field of vehicle navigation and positioning. However, due to satellite signal blocking, it can be challenging to obtain precise and reliable vehicle positions in completely GNSS-denied environments. In this paper, a positioning strategy utilizing ultra-wide band (UWB) and a low-cost MEMS inertial navigation system (INS) is proposed, aimed at tracking vehicles in typical GNSS-denied scenarios. UWB tech has potential for high-precision ranging due to its strong penetration ability. However, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation still has a high occurrence in typical traffic scenarios due to the fact that the direct path between the radio transmitter and the radio receiver is obstructed. Therefore, a two-step NLOS error mitigation method is proposed to deal with the abnormal measurements of UWB in tunnels. First, a state-of-the-art probabilistic factor graph model is proposed to estimate the vehicle’s position information based on UWB range measurements instead of excluding the NLOS reception. Then, a residual weighting algorithm is employed during UWB/INS loosely coupled integration to further mitigate the NLOS error. Finally, the performance of the proposed methodology is evaluated through experiments. Experiments conducted in the typical NLOS environment of Nanjing show that the proposed method can achieve higher positioning accuracy when compared with the conventional UWB/INS integration.
First-principles simulation of neutral and charged oxygen vacancies in m-ZrO2: an origin of filamentary type resistive switching
Authors: Chaurasiya Rajneesh , Lin Pei-En , Lyu Cheng-Han , Chen Kuan-Ting , Shih Li-Chung , Chen Jen-Sue 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Metal oxide ZrO2 has been widely explored for resistive switching application due to excellent properties like high ON/OFF ratio, superior data retention, and low operating voltage. However, the conduction mechanism at the atomistic level is still under debate. Therefore, we have performed comprehensive insights into the role of neutral and charged oxygen vacancies in conduction filament (CF) formation and rupture, which are demonstrated using the atomistic simulation based on density functional theory (DFT). Formation energy demonstrated that the fourfold coordinated oxygen vacancy is more stable. In addition, the electronic properties of the defect included supercell confirm the improvement in electrical conductivity due to the presence of additional energy states near Fermi energy. The CF formation and rupture using threefold and fourfold oxygen vacancies are demonstrated through cohesive energy, electron localization function, and band structure. Cohesive energy analysis confirms the cohesive nature of neutral oxygen vacancies while the isolated behavior for +2 charged oxygen vacancies in the CF. In addition, nudged elastic band calculation is also performed to analyze the oxygen vacancy diffusion energy under different paths. Moreover, we have computed the diffusion coefficient and drift velocity of oxygen vacancies to understand the CF. This DFT study described detailed insight into filamentary type resistive switching observed in the experimentally fabricated device. Therefore, this fundamental study provides the platform to explore the switching mechanism of other oxide materials used for memristor device application.
Experimental study of non-inductive current start-up using electron cyclotron wave on EXL-50 spherical torus
Authors: Wang Mingyuan , Guo Dong , Shi Yuejiang , Chen Bo , Liu Bing , Song Shaodong , Zhao Xin , Song Yunyang , Liu Wenjun , Guan Yupeng , Banerjee Debabrata , Li Songjian , Sun Tiantian , Li Yingying , Tian Xiaomin , Zhu Yubao , Song Xianming , Dong Jiaqi , Yuan Baoshan , Martin Peng Y-K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Although experiments have demonstrated a feasibility of the electron-cyclotron-wave (ECW) non-inductive current start-up, the physical mechanism of the current start-up remains unclear, particularly the role of the preferential confinement of collisionless tail electron currents (

j

TPC

)

and vertical charge-separation currents (

j

VTF

)

. Therefore,

j

TPC

and

j

VTF

were observed using limiter probes during the ECW non-inductive current start-up on an ENN XunLong-50 (EXL-50) spherical torus to understand the significance of these values. It was found that

j

TPC

increased and

j

VTF

decreased during start-up, indicating a dominant role played by

j

TPC

in this process. Furthermore, it was found that the product of the gas pressure and vertical magnetic field has a limit for the ECW non-inductive current start-up. Finally, we found that the ECW non-inductive current start-up can be realized only for sufficiently low vertical fields and gas pressures in EXL-50.
Foundations of plasma surface functionalization of polymers for industrial and biological applications
Authors: Booth Jean-Paul , Mozetič Miran , Nikiforov Anton , Oehr Christian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Polymer materials are widely employed in many fields due to the ease with which they can be formed into complex shapes, their versatile mechanical properties, light weight, and low cost. However, many applications are hindered by the chemical compatibility of polymer surfaces, which are generally hydrophobic and bond poorly to other media such as paints, glues, metals and biological media. While polymer surfaces can be treated by wet chemical processes, the aggressive reagents employed are detrimental to the environment, limiting the range of modifications that can be achieved by this route. Plasma functionalization is an attractive alternative, offering great versatility in the processed surface characteristics, and generally using environmentally benign compounds such as rare gases, oxygen and nitrogen, as well as very small quantities of organic precursors. Since the modified surfaces are only a few monolayers thick, these processes are extremely rapid and low in cost. The first industrial process to be developed was plasma oxidation, which increases the surface energy of the polymer, improving the adhesion of paint, glue and metal to the component. Plasma oxidation can be achieved using both low-pressure and atmospheric pressure (APP) discharges. Subsequently, many other processes have emerged, allowing other functional groups to be grafted, including amines, hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. Plasma polymerization, starting from gaseous monomers, allows a whole new family of surface chemistries to be created. These processes have many exciting applications in the biomedical field due to the control they give on biocompatibility and selective interaction with living cells. This article will present the fundamentals of plasma interactions with polymers, the plasma devices employed (both at low-pressure and at APP) with their advantages and drawbacks, and a survey of current and future applications.
Monte Carlo simulations of spin transport in nanoscale

In0.7Ga0.3As

transistors: temperature and size effects
Authors: Thorpe B , Schirmer S , Kalna K 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Spin-based metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with a high-mobility III-V channel are studied using self-consistent quantum corrected ensemble Monte Carlo device simulations of charge and spin transport. The simulations including spin–orbit coupling mechanisms (Dresselhaus and Rashba coupling) examine the electron spin transport in the 25 nm gate length

I

n

0.7

G

a

0.3

A
s

MOSFET. The transistor lateral dimensions (the gate length, the source-to-gate, and the gate-to-drain spacers) are increased to investigate the spin-dependent drain current modulation induced by the gate from room temperature of 300 K down to 77 K. This modulation increases with increasing temperature due to increased Rashba coupling. Finally, an increase of up to 20 nm in the gate length, source-to-gate, or the gate-to-drain spacers increases the spin polarization and enhances the spin-dependent drain current modulation at the drain due to polarization-refocusing effects.
Theoretical analysis of atomic parameters of Sm-like and Nd-like W ions in soft x-ray region
Authors: Singh Narendra , Aggarwal Sunny , Goyal Arun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We calculated atomic data such as energy levels, transition wavelengths, oscillator strengths and transition rates for Sm-like and Nd-like W ions. We employed flexible atomic code (FAC) in our computations. We computed fine structure levels of configurations 4f125s2, 4f125s5p and 4f135s for Nd-like W and configurations 4f145s2, 4f135s25p and 4f125s25p2 for Sm-like W. We have provided transition data of electric dipole (E1) transitions and magnetic quadrupole (M2) transitions for transition 4f125s2—4f125s5p and magnetic dipole (M1) and electric quadrupole (E2) transition data for transition 4f145s2 − 4f125s25p2. We also found that spectral lines of these transitions in Sm and Nd-like W ion spectra lie in soft x-ray (SXR) region. We compared transition data of Nd-like W and excitation energies of Sm-like W ions with available theoretical and experimental results. We also discussed the effect of configuration interaction on atomic data of Nd-like W and excitation energies of Sm-like W by systematically increasing the number of configurations.
Rapidity distribution within Landau hydrodynamical model and EPOS event-generator at AGS, SPS, and RHIC energies
Authors: Rahman R M Abdel , Tawfik Abdel Nasser , El-Bakry Mahmoud Y , Habashy D M , Hanafy Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The rapidity distribution of well-identified particles such as pions, kaons, protons and their antiparticles measured in AGS, SPS, and BRAHMS experiments (Au+Au collisions), at various energies spanning from higher energies

s

NN

= 200 down to lower energies 2 GeV, are compared with that obtained from huge statistical ensembles of 100, 000 events generated from the Cosmic Ray Monte Carlo (CRMC) EPOS event-generator. All these data are then compared to the results calculated in the frame work of Landau hydrodynamical model. The EPOS event-generator can describe the experimental data of the rapidity distribution for all mentioned particles at all considered energies. This leads to use the EPOS event-generator to produce the rapidity distribution for various particles at energies where there are no experimental data yet to compare with. Such a prediction might serve as an input for future experiments such as FAIR and NICA for instance. A successful comparison between the Landau hydrodynamical approach and the computational CRMC EPOS 1.99 model in describing the rapidity distribution for the mentioned particles is shown in the presence of the experimental data. We conclude that the Landau hydrodynamical model is capable of describing both experimental data and EPOS 1.99 event-generator results, and they are in a good agreement.
A broadband tunable asymmetric transmission structure design
Authors: Wang Wei , Xuan Chengming , Qi Wuchao , Yang Zhe , Xu Weikai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we design a tunable asymmetric transmission structure consisting of a one-dimensional phononic crystal metastructure and a simple mass oscillator metasurface. By reasonably adjusting the width of the supercell in the metasurface, transmission control of the flexural wave can be achieved. According to the generalized Snell’s law, anomalous refraction occurs when the flexural wave is obliquely incident, while total reflection will occur when the flexural wave is vertically incident. The one-dimensional phononic crystal metastructure can be used to deflect the perpendicularly incident flexural wave. In combination with the metasurface, the asymmetric transmission of flexural waves over a quite wide frequency range can be achieved. The designed asymmetric transmission structure has both tunability and broadband capability. Adjusting the distance of the mass oscillators in the metastructure and the phase distribution of the metasurface can realize the modulation of refraction angles, while increasing or decreasing the number of mass oscillators can further expand the operating frequency domain of the tunable asymmetric transmission structure. Numerical results show that the proposed structure can achieve asymmetric transmission of flexural waves in the frequency domain of 13–25 kHz or even wider.
Spitzer Publication Statistics
Authors: Scire E. , Rebull Luisa , Laine Seppo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present statistics on the number of refereed astronomy journal articles that used data from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope through the end of the calendar year 2020. We discuss the various types of science programs and science categories that were used to collect data during the mission and discuss how operational changes brought on by the depletion of cryogen in 2009 May, including the resulting budget cuts, impacted the publication rate. The post-cryogenic (warm) mission produced fewer papers than the cryogenic mission, but the percentage of the exposure time published did not appreciably change between the warm and cryogenic missions. This was mostly because in the warm mission the length of observations increased, so that each warm paper on average uses more data than the cryogenic papers. We also discuss the speed of publication, archival usage, and the tremendous efficacy of the Legacy and Exploration Science programs (large, coherent investigations), including the value of having well-advertised enhanced data products hosted in centralized archives. We also identify the observations that have been published the largest number of times, and sort them by a variety of metrics (including program type, instrument used, and observation length). Data that have the highest reuse rates in publications were taken early in the Spitzer mission, or belong to one of the large surveys (large either in number of objects, in number of hours observed, or in area covered on the sky). We also assess how often authors have cited the Spitzer fundamental papers or have correctly referenced the Spitzer data they used, finding that as many as 40% of papers have failed to cite the papers, and 15% have made it impossible to identify the data they used.
Ultra-wide Bandwidth Observations of 19 Pulsars with Parkes Telescope
Authors: Zhou Zu-Rong , Wang Jing-Bo , Wang Na , Hobbs George , Wang Shuang-Qiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Flux densities are basic observation parameters to describe pulsars. In the most updated pulsar catalog, 24% of the listed radio pulsars have no flux density measurement at any frequency. Here, we report the first flux density measurements, spectral indices, pulse profiles, and correlations of the spectral index with pulsar parameters for 19 pulsars employing the Ultra-Wideband Low receiver system installed on the Parkes radio telescope. The results for spectral indices of 17 pulsars are in the range between −0.6 and −3.10. The polarization profiles of thirteen pulsars are shown. There is a moderate correlation between the spectral index and spin frequency. For most pulsars detected, the signal-to-noise ratio of pulse profile is not high, so DM, Faraday rotation measure, and polarization cannot be determined precisely. Twenty-nine pulsars were not detected in our observations. We discuss the possible explanations for why these pulsars were not detected.