bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of human myeloid and natural killer cell development in humanized mice via hydrodynamic injection of transposon plasmids containing multiple human cytokine genes
Authors: Tan Shulian , Fang Minghui , Fan Wei , Wang Zhaowei , Lv Yanan , Zou Jun , Wang Xue , Liu Bin , Yang Yong‐Guang , Hu Zheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHumanized mice reconstituted with a functional human immune system (HIS) are instrumental in studying human immunity and immune disorders in vivo. The poor or lack of cross‐reactivity between mouse cytokines and human cells limits the development and/or function of human immune cell subsets including human myeloid, natural killer and B cells. Here we explored the potential to achieve long‐term production of human cytokines in immunodeficient mice using a transposon‐plasmid–based hydrodynamic injection approach. We constructed a transposon‐plasmid carrying five human cytokine coding sequences (named PB‐5F), and observed that four of the cytokines (granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, interleukin (IL)‐15, IL‐6 and IL‐3) were detectable in sera and three (granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, IL‐15 and IL‐6) showed long‐term production in immunodeficient mice that received a single hydrodynamic injection of PB‐5F plus the transposase plasmid (Super PB). Furthermore, a single injection of PB‐5F/Super PB markedly enhanced the reconstitution of human myeloid cells and natural killer cells, and promoted human B‐cell maturation in HIS mice. Taken together, our data revealed that hydrodynamic injection of the PB‐5F/Super PB vectors may serve as a convenient and efficacious means to promote human immune function in HIS mice.
Mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphyllum against non‐alcoholic fibre liver disease based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Wang Cunzhi , Wang Pengrui , Chen Wenbin , Bai Yanyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs a progressive chronic disease, the effective treatment for non‐alcoholic fibre liver disease (NAFLD) has not yet been thoroughly explored at the moment. The widespread use of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb) for its anti‐insulin resistance effect indicates that potential therapeutic value may be found in Thunb for NAFLD. Hence, this research aims to discover the latent mechanism of Thunb for NAFLD treatment. To achieve the goal of discovering the latent mechanism of Thunb for NAFLD treatment, molecular docking strategy integrated a network phamacology was adopted in the exploration. We acquire Thunb compounds with activeness from TCMSP database. We collect the putative targets of Thunb and NAFLD to generate the network. Key targets and mechanism are screened by PPI analysis, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Molecular docking simulation is introduced into the study as assessment method. Through network analysis and virtual screening based on molecular docking, 2 targets (AKT 1 and GSK3B) are identified as key therapeutic targets with satisfying binding affinity. Main mechanism is believed to be the biological process and pathway related to insulin resistance according to the enrichment analyses outcomes. Particularly, the P13K–AKT signalling pathway is recognized as a key pathway of the mechanism. In conclusion, the study shows that Thunb could be a potential treatment against NAFLD and may suppress insulin resistance through the P13K–AKT signalling pathway. The result of the exploration provides a novel perspective for approaching experimental exploration.
Resistance to Saprolegnia parasitica infection: A heritable trait in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Misk Ehab , Gonen Serap , Garber Amber F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA controlled Saprolegnia parasitica infection model was used to challenge 1158 fish representing 105 pedigreed Atlantic salmon families to evaluate the possibility of selecting for Saprolegnia resistance in a commercial breeding programme. Fish were infected in five study tanks and observed for 40 days post‐infection for lesion score and survival. Survival analysis of the top 10 resistant and bottom 10 susceptible families indicated that the hazard of dying following Saprolegnia infection was 1509% higher in susceptible families. In all fish, a 10 g increase in weight correlated with a 7.8% increase in the hazard of dying while sex did not affect mortality. Resistance to Saprolegnia was estimated to have a heritability of 0.25, indicating that selection is possible. Genetic and phenotypic correlations indicated that the 11‐point scoring system, developed in this study to quantify Saprolegnia infection severity, had a high negative correlation with survival as days to mortality at ≥−0.922(±0.005), suggesting that the scoring method could help assess lesion development in studies where mortality is not the primary biological endpoint.
Parenting styles in relation to childhood obesity, smoking and drinking: A gene–environment interaction study
Authors: Ji Mengmeng , An Ruopeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe present study assessed gene–environment interactions linking maternal parenting styles to childhood obesity and alcohol and tobacco use.MethodsData were retrieved from the first wave of the German Twin Family Panel. Participants comprised three birth cohorts, aged 5, 11 and 17 years, with approximately 500 pairs of same‐sex monozygotic twins and 500 pairs of same‐sex dizygotic twins per cohort. Self‐reported parenting styles were measured in five dimensions: emotional warmth, psychological control, negative communication, monitoring and inconsistent parenting. Outcome variables included children's body mass index z‐score (BMIz) and smoking and alcohol drinking frequency. Gene–environment interaction models were used to assess how parenting styles might moderate genetic and environmental influences on BMIz and smoking and drinking behaviours.ResultsA positive interaction of genetic effects with psychological control was found for BMIz at age 5 years, indicating that genetic influences on BMIz increased with psychological control. No interaction effect was found for BMIz at ages 11 and 17 years. Regarding adolescent smoking, positive interaction between genetic effects and negative communication was found, indicating that genetic influences on smoking increased with negative communication. There was no significant moderating effect of parenting styles on adolescent drinking.ConclusionsThe present study found preliminary evidence indicating that parenting styles moderated genetic and environmental impacts on body weight status and smoking. Moderation effects of parenting on BMIz were observed only at a very young age. The moderating effects of parenting influenced adolescent smoking but not drinking.
The association between self‐compassion in the postnatal period and difficult experiences with COVID‐19 pandemic‐related changes during pregnancy: An observational study for women at 1‐month postnatal in Japan
Authors: Muramoto Miyuki , Kita Sachiko , Tobe Hiromi , Ikeda Mari , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis observational study aimed to describe the rate and degree of difficult experiences with COVID‐19 pandemic‐related changes (DE) during pregnancy, clarify the relationship between DE and self‐compassion of women postnatally, and investigate the influence of compassion from a partner (CP) and compassion from the woman's mother (CM) on this relationship.MethodsData from 46 1‐month postnatal women in Japan were collected through a self‐report questionnaire from October to December 2020. Self‐compassion was measured using the Japanese version of the Self‐Compassion Scale; DE, CP, and CM were measured using original questions based on prior studies.ResultsAlmost all participants (97.8%) experienced more than one DE during pregnancy. Data analyses revealed that DE in maternity hospitals (d = 0.76), DE in social support (d = 0.53), and CM (d = 0.64) were associated with self‐compassion. A two‐way analysis of variance suggested that CM moderated the relationship between self‐compassion and DE in preparation for the baby (η2 = 0.11) and the birth plan (η2 = 0.11), whereas CP moderated the relationship between self‐compassion and DE in social support (η2 = 0.07).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that self‐compassion negatively correlates with DE in maternity hospitals and social support. Additionally, CM may buffer the influence of DE in preparation for the baby and the birth plan on self‐compassion; moreover, CP may buffer the influence of DE in social support on self‐compassion. This study highlights the importance of supporting perinatal women to adapt to COVID‐19‐related changes through cooperation with their families, which may increase self‐compassion.
Establishment of a simplified score for predicting risk during intrahospital transport of critical patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: An Ying , Tian Zi‐Rong , Li Fei , Lu Qi , Guan Ya‐Mei , Ma Zi‐Feng , Lu Zhen‐Hui , Wang Ai‐Ping , Li Yue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo establish a simple score that enables nurses to quickly, conveniently and accurately identify patients whose condition may change during intrahospital transport.BackgroundCritically ill patients may experience various complications during intrahospital transport; therefore, it is important to predict their risk before they leave the emergency department. The existing scoring systems were not developed for this population.DesignA prospective cohort study.MethodsThis study used convenience sampling and continuous enrolment from 1 January, 2019, to 30 June, 2021, and 584 critically ill patients were included. The collected data included vital signs and any condition change during transfer. The STROBE checklist was used.ResultsThe median age of the modelling group was 74 (62, 83) years; 93 (19.7%) patients were included in the changed group, and 379 (80.3%) were included in the stable group. The five independent model variables (respiration, pulse, oxygen saturation, systolic pressure and consciousness) were statistically significant (p < .05). The above model was simplified based on beta coefficient values, and each variable was assigned 1 point, for a total score of 0–5 points. The AUC of the simplified score in the modelling group was 0.724 (95% CI: 0.682–0.764); the AUC of the simplified score in the validation group (112 patients) was 0.657 (95% CI: 0.566–0.741).ConclusionsThis study preliminarily established a simplified scoring system for the prediction of risk during intrahospital transport from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. It provides emergency nursing staff with a simple assessment tool to quickly, conveniently and accurately identify a patient's transport risk.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study suggested the importance of strengthening the evaluation of the status of critical patients before intrahospital transport, and a simple score was formed to guide emergency department nurses in evaluating patients.
Professional competence development through interprofessional simulation‐based learning assists perioperative nurses in postgraduation acute clinical practice situations: A qualitative study
Authors: Kaldheim Hege Kristin Aslaksen , Fossum Mariann , Munday Judy , Creutzfeldt Johan , Slettebø Åshild 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore recently graduated perioperative nurses' experiences of interprofessional simulation‐based learning during postgraduate education and investigate whether and how this learning approach contributed to the development of their professional competence in meeting acute clinical situations.BackgroundPerioperative nursing requires specialised education that offers professional development to ensure high‐quality nursing care and patient safety in acute situations. Interprofessional simulation‐based learning exposes students to acute situations in a safe environment without the risk of harming the patient, and it prepares postgraduate nursing students for clinical practice. Despite extensive research regarding simulation‐based learning, there is a lack of knowledge on what impact such training has on perioperative nursing students after graduation.DesignAn explorative qualitative design was used, and this study is reported in accordance with the COREQ guidelines.MethodBetween March 2019–November 2020, 16 perioperative nurses participated in semi‐structured individual interviews three to five months after their graduation from five different educational institutions. During their postgraduate education, they had participated in interprofessional simulation‐based learning that included acute clinical situations. A phenomenological hermeneutical analysis was applied to the data involving three steps: naïve reading, structural analysis and comprehensive understanding.ResultsDuring the naïve reading, three themes emerged: competence in handling acute situations, competence in interprofessional teamwork and professional identity development.ConclusionInterprofessional simulation‐based learning in perioperative nursing education developed relevant and important competence, including professional identity development, among perioperative nursing students. As recent graduates, their professional competence was transferred to clinical practice and developed further.Relevance to clinical practiceFindings indicate that interprofessional simulation‐based learning is an important educational approach in perioperative nursing education. It is essential to use effective learning approaches to develop competencies that are transferable to clinical practice and improve perioperative nurses' performance as recent graduates. Therefore, interprofessional simulation‐based learning should be implemented into perioperative nursing education.
Low molecular weight heparin and pregnancy outcomes in women with inherited thrombophilia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Tingting , Liu Xiaoling , Ye Changxiang , Xing Dexiu , Wu Rong , Li Fang , Chen Lizhang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo determine whether the use of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) improves the pregnancy outcomes in women with inherited thrombophilia by conducting a meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies.MethodsA systematic literature search of several databases was conducted through September 19, 2020 to identify relevant studies. The outcomes of interest included live birth and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). The overall risk estimates were pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis.ResultsTen randomized controlled trials and 12 cohort studies were included. In the meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials, the effectiveness of LMWH‐treatment was found to be statistically significant in decreasing the risk of APOs (risk ratio [RR] = 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61–0.95; p = 0.020), rather than in increasing the rate of live birth (RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.93–1.34; p = 0.230). In the meta‐analyses of cohort studies, results showed that the use of LMWH was associated with a significantly higher proportion of live birth (RR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.09–3.19; p = 0.020) as well as a significantly lower ratio of APOs (RR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.31–0.69; p < 0.001) in women with inherited thrombophilia.ConclusionsThe use of LMWH may have a potentially beneficial effect on reducing the risk of APOs and even increasing the live birth rate in women with inherited thrombophilia. Further well‐designed clinical trials with large samples are needed to address the role of LMWH in improving pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women with inherited thrombophilia.
Parent concerns for child development following admission to neonatal intensive or special care: From birth to adolescence
Authors: Bater Megan L , Stark Michael J , Gould Jacqueline F , Anderson Peter J , Collins Carmel T 
Published: June 2022

AimTo describe the presence and nature of parent concerns regarding the development of their children admitted to Australian neonatal units (NNUs), comprising neonatal intensive care or special care.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional survey, mothers and fathers provided information regarding concerns for their child's development. The self‐administered survey was completed by two separate cohorts; (i) parents of child graduates from Australian NNUs (n = 381); (ii) parents of infant's inpatient in two South Australian NNUs (n = 209). Data were analysed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics.ResultsInformation was provided for 730 children. Developmental concern was reported for 39% of NNU graduates and 35% of inpatients. Children born very preterm (< 32 weeks' gestation) elicited greater parent concern than those born more mature (Cohort 1: 41% vs 36%; Cohort 2: 49% vs 22%), including in multiple developmental domains (Cohort 1: 17% vs 15%; Cohort 2: 28% vs 4%). Parents with inpatient infants were predominantly concerned about general development‐milestones (19.1%) and the potential impact of medical or CNS issues (13.7%). Graduate parents commonly focused on specific domains, such as their child's speech‐language (13.7%) and motor (12.9%) development.ConclusionNeurodevelopment is a substantial source of concern for mothers and fathers during NNU admission and childhood, particularly for children born very preterm. However, in the first year of life, developmental concerns are poorly defined. This highlights the need for clinical education resources detailing infant developmental expectations and supportive strategies for parents of these high‐risk infants.
Drowning prevention counselling by paediatricians to educate caregivers on water safety
Authors: Yusuf Shabana , Jones Jennifer L , Camp Elizabeth A , McCallin Tracy E 
Published: June 2022

AimDrowning is the leading cause of unintentional injury death for children 1–4 years of age in the USA. Texas, a southeastern state, is disproportionately burdened by paediatric drowning. The aim of this project was to increase drowning prevention counselling provided during well‐child visits to families with children aged 0–10 years.MethodsWe developed and implemented a water safety counselling programme for paediatricians to impart to families during well child, urgent care and ED visits for 0–10 year age group. Physicians completed and self‐reported demographic, pre‐ and post‐intervention, counselling rate and project evaluation surveys, while caregivers completed post‐intervention surveys only. Both physicians and caregivers were surveyed on evidence‐based drowning prevention strategies (four‐sided fencing of pools, touch supervision, life jackets and swim/cardio‐pulmonary resuscitation classes).ResultsThirty‐three physicians and 1934 caregivers participated in the project. Physicians demonstrated statistically significant improvement in discussing drowning prevention with patients (3.5 vs. 4 on Likert scale; P = 0.002) in 2018 versus 2019. The counselling frequency in primary care settings increased from 54% to 70% from year 1 to 2. 100% of physicians correctly identified the best drowning prevention strategy and 80.6% of caregivers reported learning new water safety information in 2019 versus 68.8% in 2018 (P value < 0.001).ConclusionsThis water safety education programme demonstrated increased drowning prevention counselling during well‐child visits. The counselling was effective as demonstrated by increased caregiver acquisition of new water safety information. Paediatricians had adequate drowning prevention knowledge; an efficient counselling strategy helped them impart this knowledge to their patients.
The silent cry: A psychiatric‐mental health nurse's guide for fathers experiencing perinatal loss
Authors: Robinson Mamilda , Robinson Esq. Courtney D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of grief on fathers that have experienced perinatal loss merit further exploration.AimThe purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the experience of grief felt by fathers when facing perinatal loss. A father's grief and loss are frequently unrecognized and underappreciated by healthcare professionals who customarily attend only to the needs of mothers.ResultsData for this study were based on a couple's lived experience. This is a co‐authored piece by a husband and wife. This literature suggests that the lack of resources for fathers might result in unresolved grief which if prolonged could be expressed in potential losses during subsequent pregnancies.Implications for PracticeContent from a review of the literature provides evidence helpful in addressing the recognition and management of grief in fathers experiencing perinatal losses. The grief and any related trauma due to prenatal losses can be managed in fathers with different methods, including support services, counselling, and if needed psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. Psychiatric‐mental health nurses can play an important role in the recognition and management of grief and planning interventions to support grieving fathers.
Analyzing the degree of persistence of economic policy uncertainty using linear and non‐linear fourier quantile unit root tests
Authors: Peng Yi‐Ting , Chang Tsangyao , Ranjbar Omid 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research analyzes the degree of persistence of the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) index for 23 countries using two novel quantile unit root tests that allow for smooth breaks and quantile‐specific stochastic behavior. After executing conventional linear and non‐linear unit root tests, we find scant evidence in favor of stationarity of the EPU indices, yet applying the quantile unit root test with smooth breaks presents more evidence in favor of stationarity. Our results indicate that the EPU index series of these countries respond differently to positive shocks, which may result in a jump in uncertainty. For some countries like the UK, positive shocks to EPU have transitory effects and disappear in the short run, whereas for 10 countries such as China, the positive shocks have long lasting (persistence) effects. Our results offer important policy implications.
Parallel metatranscriptome analysis reveals degradation of plant secondary metabolites by beetles and their gut symbionts
Authors: Wei Jing , Yang Xing‐Ke , Zhang Shou‐Ke , Segraves Kari A. , Xue Huai‐Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSwitching to a new host plant is a driving force for divergence and speciation in herbivorous insects. This process of incorporating a novel host plant into the diet may require a number of adaptations in the insect herbivores that allow them to consume host plant tissue that may contain toxic secondary chemicals. As a result, herbivorous insects are predicted to have evolved efficient ways to detoxify major plant defences and increase fitness by either relying on their own genomes or by recruiting other organisms such as microbial gut symbionts. In the present study we used parallel metatranscriptomic analyses of Altica flea beetles and their gut symbionts to explore the contributions of beetle detoxification mechanisms versus detoxification by their gut consortium. We compared the gut meta‐transcriptomes of two sympatric Altica species that feed exclusively on different host plant species as well as their F1 hybrids that were fed one of the two host plant species. These comparisons revealed that gene expression patterns of Altica are dependent on both beetle species identity and diet. The community structure of gut symbionts was also dependent on the identity of the beetle species, and the gene expression patterns of the gut symbionts were significantly correlated with beetle species and plant diet. Some of the enriched genes identified in the beetles and gut symbionts are involved in the degradation of secondary metabolites produced by plants, suggesting that Altica flea beetles may use their gut microbiota to help them feed on and adapt to their host plants.