bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wie werden wir erfolgreich digital?
Authors: Ringshausen Hagen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Die kleinen und mittleren Betriebe der Automobilzulieferindustrie (KMU) in Berlin / Brandenburg sehen sich mit der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung besonderen Herausforderungen gegenüber. Auch wenn für alle Beteiligten unstrittig ist, dass Geschäftsprozesse und -modelle sich ändern müssen, vor allem, um effizienter produzieren zu können und um anschlussfähig an die Automobilhersteller zu bleiben, so fehlt doch oftmals der konkrete, auf die KMU zugeschnittene Umsetzungsplan und vor allem die qualifizierten Mitarbeiter für diese Transformation.
Ein neu entwickeltes, zertifiziertes Weiterbildungsprogramm der IHK Potsdam unter Schirmherrschaft des aBB Verbandes (Automotive Berlin Brandenburg) richtet sich als praxisorientierte Qualifizierungsoffensive genau an diese Zielgruppe, um Anschluss- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der regionalen KMU systematisch zu unterstützen.
PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI MITIGASI RISIKO RANTAI PASOK PRODUK AVTUR (STUDI KASUS: PT MIGAS XYZ)
Authors: Sitaba Fandy Achmad , Profita Anggriani , Widada H. Dharma 
Published: October 2022

Perusahaan minyak dan gas merupakan salah satu sektor bidang yang sangat besar di Indonesia. Seperti pada daerah Kalimantan yang menjadi pemasok 2/3 minyak dan gas di Indonesia, dimana salah satu produknya yaitu Avtur. Dalam rantai pasok avtur memiliki bagian yang cukup kompleks dan berisiko tinggi terjadinya penurunan kinerja rantai pasoknya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa risiko kritis dan membuat strategi mitigasi risiko pada rantai pasok avtur PT MIGAS XYZ, guna meminimalisir risiko yang ada. Metode yang digunakan ialah simulasi Monte Carlo untuk melakukan penilaian risiko dengan aplikasi crystal ball, dan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) untuk memitigasi risiko yang paling kritis. Terdapat total 20 risiko yang dikategorikan menjadi 3 risiko kritis, diketahui risiko kritis dari proses eksplorasi adalah R4 (mesin/alat pengebor rusak). Risiko kritis pada proses produksi adalah R10 (kebakaran). Kemudian risiko kritis pada proses distribusi adalah R19 (terjadinya kecelakaan truck/kapal tangk. Selanjutnya disusun strategi mitigasi risiko dengan mempertimbangkan keterkaitan antar risiko pada metode FTA dan diperoleh mitigasi sebanyak 59 mitigasi.
Sexual Behaviour Among Adolescents Studying in Grade Eight to Ten of Government Schools in Kathmandu
Authors: Upadhyaya Shreeram , Chapagai Manisha , Dhungana S. , Pant Sagun Ballav , Tulachan Pratikchya , Ojha Saroj Prasad 
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION Risky sexual behaviour among adolescents has been a major concern around the globe. In developing countries like Nepal such behaviours have cost a lot in terms of major social issues. The main objective of this study was to explore risky sexual behaviour among school students studying in grade eight to ten of government school in Kathmandu district.
METHODOLOGY A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among school students studying in grade eight to ten in government school. Data were collected using self-designed semi-structured proforma and Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance survey (YRBSS) developed by Centre for Disease Control (CDC) in 1990. Three Government schools randomly selected from two Resource centres were taken for the study. Among 620 students selected altogether,532 completed questionnaires were collected.
RESULT The percentage of participants who had sexual intercourse during their lifetime was 15.0%. Among them 20.5% male and 9.9% female had sexual intercourse during their lifetime (p-value 0.001). At the age of 13, 4.3% had sexual intercourse and 4.9% had sexual intercourse with two people during their lifetime. During the past 3 months, 2.8% had sexual intercourse with at least one person.
CONCLUSION This study showed the burden of risky sexual behaviours among school students. Proper interventional programs should be started promptly to address such issues by concerned authority and related stake-holders of this field.
Low Bit-Rate Parametric Coding
Authors: Sudaradjat Djadjat , Rosano Andi 
Published: October 2022

Abstrak - Dengan metoda pengkodean parametrik (parametric coding) sinyal suara manusia dapat menghasilkan kecepatan bit (bit-rate) yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan metoda pengkodean bentuk gelombang (wave form coding). Contohnya pada metoda pengkodean bentuk gelombang akan dibatasi oleh batas minimal frekuensi cuplik (sampling frequency) yang menurut teorema Shannon-Nyquist menyatakan agar tidak ada informasi yang hilang ketika pencuplikan sinyal, maka kecepatan pencuplikan harus minimal dua kali dari lebar pita sinyal tersebut. Dengan demikian pada pengkodean bentuk gelombang kecepatan bit terendah yang dapat dicapai adalah oleh system Modulasi Delta (Delta Modulation) yaitu sebesar 8 Kbit/detik. Sedangkan pada pengkodean parametrik sinyal dapat dicapai kecepatan bit yang lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 2,4 Kbit/detik oleh system LPC (Linear Predictive Coding). Dengan kecepatan bit yang rendah akan diperoleh penghematan penggunaan lebar pita (bandwidth) saluran transmisi dan memori.
THE EFFECT OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE-BASED GUIDED INQUIRY LEARNING ON SOCIAL SKILLS OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Hartatik Sri , Istiningsih Galih , Purwandari Seprtiyati 
Published: October 2022

This study aims at determining the effect of guided inquiry model based on multiple intelligence toward the social skills of elementary school students at Pasuruhan 1 State Elementary School, Mertoyudan District, Magelang Regency in Social Science learning of fourth grade. This research belongs to a Quasi-Experimental Design research with the Non-equivalent Control Group Design model. Research subjects were selected by Non-probability Sampling with saturation sampling model. The samples were 30 students consisting of 15 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group. The data collection methods were done by using a questionnaire and observation of social skills. The validity test of social skills questionnaire was done by using the product moment formula while the reliability test was done by using Cronbach Alpha formula with the help of the SPSS for windows version 25 program. Data analysis used in this research is a non-parametric statistical technique, namely the Mann-Whitney. The result of this study indicates that there is an effect of guided learning based on multiple intelligences on the social skills of elementary school students. This is proved by the results of the Mann-Whitney test analysis which shows Asymps value. Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.003 < 0.05. By this result, it can be concluded that the hypothesis is accepted. Â Therefore, it can be said that there is social skills difference of the experimental class and the control class students. It is proved by a significant difference thus it shows that guided inquiry learning has a positive effect on studentâ€™s social skills
Prevalence and Determinants of Dengue Virus Immunoglobulin among Febrile Patients Attending Naval Medical Centre Victoria Island, Lagos State
Authors: Mohammed Ahmadu Shehu , Odegbemi Odekunle Bola , Igwe Chinedu , Hussain Nurudeen AA , Abaye Biobelu , Adekanye Usman Oladipo 
Published: October 2022

Background: Dengue fever, (df) is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. Infection with dengue virus is a major cause of morbidity in the tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world. In about 60% of cases, it gives rise to undifferentiated fever which is clinically indistinguishable from other viral infections. Dengue fever is known to occur in Nigeria, but the magnitude of this disease remains unclear. This study was done to determine the prevalence and determinants of df immunoglobulins (Ig) among patients attending a military hospital in Lagos.Methods: Systematic random sampling was used to recruit participants. Study participants were patients presenting with febrile illness at Naval Medical Centre, Victoria Island, Lagos. A semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data and 3 millilitres venous blood was drawn from each participant. Anti-dengue IgM and IgG was determined from whole blood using lateral flow chromatographic immunoassay in line with manufacturer’s instructions. Thick blood film was used for malaria microscopy. Epi-info version 7.2 was employed for data analysis using descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis at 5% level of significance.Results: Mean age of study participants was 30.1 ± 13.6 years and 182 (59.9%) were males. The prevalence of df IgM and IgG was 8.5% and 18.0% respectively. Malaria-dengue fever co-infection was 10.8%. Individuals with malaria were twice less likely to have df (OR: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.27 - 0.78). Military personnel and their relations were about 3 times less likely to have df (OR: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.18 - 0.66). Joint pain was significantly associated with df (OR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.05 - 2.99).Conclusions: A significant proportion of study population had both df IgM and IgG. Screening for df should be part of routine tests amongst patients that presents with febrile illness particularly those with joint pain.
Poliomyelitis Outbreak in Papua New Guinea, 2018
Authors: Raphael Mark , Adam Dillon C , Chughtai Abrar A , Kelly-Hanku Angela , Hutchinson Danielle , Lai Yi An , MacIntyre C.Raina 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) remains a significant barrier to global poliomyelitis eradication. Following 18 years of polio-free status, an epidemic of circulating VDPV type 1 (cVDPV1) occurred in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2018. We describe the epidemiology of the 2018 cVDPV1 epidemic in PNG, and identify risk factors which may aid future policy and control efforts.Methods: Data pertaining to the 2018 PNG epidemic were extracted from EPIWATCH and supplemented with data from other sources, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), and published literature. Descriptive analyses were undertaken, and key risk factors identified.Results: 26 cases of cVDPV1 were confirmed throughout the duration of the epidemic (April to October 2018) in nine provinces. Of the 26 cases, 19 (73%) were males and 7 (27%) were females, and most of the cases (73%) occurred in children under the age of five. Population immunization coverage of three doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV3) was found to fluctuate between 60- 80% between 2000 and 2018. Nonpolio Acute Flaccid Paralysis (NPAFP) surveillance rates were also found to be suboptimal over this period.Discussion: A combination of low routine immunization coverage, lacking supplementary immunization activities, and ineffective surveillance systems, in the context of a struggling health system, culminated in this epidemic. To prevent future poliomyelitis epidemics in PNG, emphasis must be placed on supporting the health system to maintain high vaccination coverage, in conjunction with robust and effective surveillance systems.
Evaluating spatial and temporal variations in sub-field level crop water demands
Authors: Wiederstein Travis , Sharda Vaishali , Aguilar Jonathan , Hefley Trevor , Ciampitti Ignacio Antonio , Sharda Ajay , Igwe Kelechi 
Published: October 2022

Variable rate irrigation (VRI) requires accurate knowledge of crop water demands at the sub-field level. Existing VRI practices commonly use one or more variables like soil electrical conductivity, historical yields, and topographic maps to delineate variable rate zones. However, these data sets do not quantify within season variability in crop water demands. Crop coefficients are widely used to help estimate evapotranspiration (ET) at different stages of a crop’s growth cycle, and past research has shown how remotely sensed data can identify differences in crop coefficients at regional and field levels. However, the amount of spatial and temporal variation in crop coefficients at the sub-field level (i.e. within a single center pivot system) has not been widely researched. This study aims to compare sub-field ET estimates from two remote sensing platforms and quantify spatial and temporal variations in aggregated sub-field level ET. Vegetation indices and reference ET data were collected at Kansas State University’s Southwest Research Extension Center (SWREC) and two Water Technology Farms during the 2020 corn growing season. Weekly maps of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) from aerial imagery are combined with empirical equations from existing literature to estimate both basal and combined crop coefficients at a 1-meter resolution. These ET estimates are aggregated to a 30 m resolution and compared to the Landsat Provisional Actual ET dataset. Finally, actual ET estimates from aerial images were aggregated using k-means clustering and stationary variable speed zones to determine if there is enough variation in actual ET at the sub-field level to build variable rate irrigation schedules. An equivalence test demonstrated that the aerial imagery and Landsat data sources produce significantly different crop coefficient estimates. However, the two datasets were moderately correlated with Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients ranging from -0.95 to 0.86. Both the aerial imaging and Landsat datasets showed high variability in crop coefficients during the first 5-6 weeks after emergence, with these coefficients becoming more spatially uniform later in the growing season. These crop coefficients may help irrigators make more informed irrigation management decisions during the growing season. However, more research is needed to validate these remotely sensed ET estimates and integrate them into an irrigation decision support system.
Astragalus polysaccharide protects sepsis model rats after cecum ligation and puncture
Authors: Li Jun , Zhao Jie , Chai Yihui , Li Wen , Liu Xiaoqing , Chen Yunzhi 
Published: October 2022

To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) on septic rats, the present project applied APS at concentrations of 400, 600, and 800 mg/kg/d to rats for prophylactic administration for 7 d, and a rat sepsis model was constructed by the cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) method. Forty-eight rats were divided into six groups of eight each. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. Rat serum levels of VD3, 25(OH)D3, 1,25(OH)2D3, IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, sICAM-1, corticosterone (CORT), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in each group were detected, and renal damage was observed by H&amp;E. We also determined the protein expression of CYP27B1, CYP24A1, vitamin D receptor (VDR), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), CYP21A2, CYP17A1, and CYP11B1. An operational taxonomic unit (OTU) was used to determine the gut microbiota diversity of septic rats after prophylactic administration and before modeling. Results revealed that APS markedly increased the contents of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 but greatly decreased those of TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, sICAM-1, and CORT. APS alleviated renal tubular dilation and vascular congestion in rat kidneys and substantially reduced renal cell apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of CYP24A1, VDR, CYP11B1, CYP21A2, CYP17A1, STAR, and 3β-HSD in the kidneys of the H-APS group was substantially decreased compared to that of the model group, whereas CYP27B1 was markedly increased. GC-MS detection indicated a substantial increase in SCFAs and acetic acid content in the H-APS group versus model group. Through 16S sequencing, the abundance of genus and gut microbiota species increased in the APS groups compared to that of the control group. Taken together, APS increased the activity of the vitamin D axis, inhibited the production of inflammatory factors in the body, altered the structure of rat intestinal flora, and increased the amount of acetic acid and SCFAs in rats, thereby effectively hindering inflammation and organ damage in septic rats.
Comparison of insulin requirements across gestation in women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Rao Chong , Ping Fan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the daily insulin dose and the percentage change in preprandial and basal insulin dosage of women with different types of hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) during the whole gestation and postpartum period.MethodsA total of 121 subjects with HIP requiring insulin therapy were enrolled from a prospective cohort consisted of 436 pregnant women with hyperglycemia. The subjects were divided into three groups: Group 1 [type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY)], Group 2 [type 1 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)], and Group 3 [gestation diabetes mellitus (GDM)]. The primary study measurements included daily dose and percentage of different types of exogenous insulin requirements across gestation in different groups.ResultsInsulin total daily dosage of Group 1 was highest among the three groups and increased significantly from the first to the second/third trimester. Percentage of preprandial insulin increased from 53.8% (46.7, 60.0) and 54.5% (42.3, 62.9) in the first trimester to 63.6% (54.9, 75.0) and 67.2% (51.8, 73.7) in the second/third trimester in Group 1 and Group 2. All subjects with T1DM and 18.6% of subjects with T2DM still required insulin administration after delivery, with a 26.9% (19.0, 46.0) and 36.7% (26.9, 52.6) decrease in total insulin dose, respectively, whereas subjects with GDM and MODY weaned off insulin completely.ConclusionThe insulin requirements for pregnancy complicated with T1DM and MODY were higher than those for T2DM and GDM. In the subjects with PGDM, the insulin requirement and percentage of preprandial insulin increased gradually from early to mid- and late pregnancy.
High levels of oxidized fatty acids in HDL impair the antioxidant function of HDL in patients with diabetes
Authors: Feng Juan , Wang Yunfeng , Li Weixi , Zhao Yue , Liu Yi , Yao Xingang , Liu Shuwen , Yu Ping , Li Rongsong 
Published: October 2022

AimsPrevious studies demonstrate that the antioxidant functions of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) are impaired in diabetic patients. The composition of HDL plays an important role in maintaining the normal functionality of HDL. In this study, we compared the levels of oxidized fatty acids in HDL from diabetic subjects and non-diabetic healthy controls, aiming to investigate the role of oxidized fatty acids in the antioxidant property of HDL.MethodsHDL was isolated from healthy subjects (n=6) and patients with diabetes (n=6, hemoglobin A1c ≥ 9%, fasting glucose ≥ 7 mmol/L) using a dextran sulfate precipitation method. Cholesterol efflux capacity mediated by HDL was measured on THP-1 derived macrophages. The antioxidant capacity of HDL was evaluated with dichlorofluorescein-based cellular assay in human aortic endothelial cells. Oxidized fatty acids in HDL were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The correlations between the levels of oxidized fatty acids in HDL and the endothelial oxidant index in cells treated with HDLs were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation analyses, and the effects of oxidized fatty acids on the antioxidant function of HDL were verified in vitro.ResultsThe cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL and the circulating HDL-cholesterol were similar in diabetic patients and healthy controls, whereas the antioxidant capacity of HDL was significantly decreased in diabetic patients. There were higher levels of oxidized fatty acids in HDL isolated from diabetic patients, which were strongly positively correlated with the oxidant index of cells treated with HDLs. The addition of a mixture of oxidized fatty acids significantly disturbed the antioxidant activity of HDL from healthy controls, while the apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide D-4F could restore the antioxidant function of HDL from diabetic patients.ConclusionHDL from diabetic patients displayed substantially impaired antioxidant activity compared to HDL from healthy subjects, which is highly correlated with the increased oxidized fatty acids levels in HDL.
Free, bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and their association with diabetic ketoacidosis in children with type 1 diabetes at diagnosis
Authors: Choe Yunsoo , Lee Yun Jeong , Kim Jae Hyun , Lee Kyunghoon , Shin Choong Ho , Lee Young Ah , Song Junghan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundConsidering the roles of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in glucose homeostasis and immune modulation, vitamin D deficiency may be related to the development of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We evaluated the total, free, bioavailable 25OHD levels and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) levels and genotypes between T1DM patients and controls.MethodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study included 84 children with T1DM (38 boys and 46 girls, 8.0 ± 3.6 years) and 1:1 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. A multiplex liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based assay was used to simultaneously measure vitamin D metabolites.ResultsPatients with T1DM had lower levels of total 25OHD (16.3 ± 5.1 vs. 19.9 ± 6.5 ng/mL, P&lt; 0.001) and VDBP (146.0 ± 27.8 vs. 224.9 ± 36.1 µg/mL, P = 0.001), but higher free 25OHD (8.0 ± 2.5 vs. 6.5 ± 2.3 pg/mL, P&lt; 0.001) than controls. Patients who presented with DKA had lower levels of 25OHD in the total (15.0 ± 4.6 vs. 17.6 ± 5.2 ng/mL, P = 0.020), free (7.5 ± 2.6 vs. 8.4 ± 2.4 pg/mL, P = 0.059), and bioavailable (2.3 ± 0.9 vs. 2.8 ± 0.8 ng/mL, P = 0.014) forms than those without DKA at the T1DM diagnosis. The lower the total, free, and bioavailable 25OHD levels at diagnosis, the lower the pH and HCO3-. The proportions of the VDBP genotypes did not differ between the patients and controls.ConclusionPatients with T1DM had higher levels of free 25OHD than healthy children, despite lower levels of total 25OHD. However, patients with DKA exhibited lower levels of bioavailable 25OHD than those without DKA at the T1DM diagnosis. The lower the concentrations of free and bioavailable 25OHD, the more severe the acidosis at the initial T1DM presentation.
The effect of microwave hydrothermal treatment on the combustion behavior of sewage sludge
Authors: Jin Zechen , Zhang Qian , Qiu Fengxiang , Hu Weijie , Feng Yuheng , Zhang Shuping 
Published: October 2022

In this study, the thermal behavior of microwave hydrothermal char of sewage sludge (MTC) was compared with dried sludge (DS) and char produced by electric hydrothermal treatment (ETC). The retention ratio of volatile matter in MTC was raised by 51.2% compared with in HTS, while their dewaterability by centrifugation were very close. The kinetic parameters of thermal disposal process of the DS and hydrochars were determined from TG analysis. It was found that the activation energy of combustion was reduced from 44.20 kJ/mol of DS to 47.29 kJ/mol for ETC. For MTC, the activation energy was slightly decreased (43.22 kJ/mol). In addition, the highest weight loss rate (0.49%/min) in combustion was also found for MTC. The evolution of gaseous nitrogen compounds was obtained by FTIR analyzer combined with TG. The results indicated that in devolatilization process, the emission of NH3, the main precursor of NOx in combustion, was postulated to higher temperature for MTC. In conclusion, MTC has a better combustion performance and a close dewaterability compared with to ETC. This study provided a new choice for the pre-treatment method of sewage sludge before combustion.