bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the arteries of the upper limb - a clinical apropos
Authors: Kore Smitha Elizabeth , Vishwakarma Nitin 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Blood supply to the arm and forearm is conveyed by the brachial artery and its branches, the radial and the ulnar artery. Variations in these arteries are being increasingly reported in many studies. Most of these variations observed are mostly in the course and branching pattern of these arteries and have been accounted to be due to developmental defect, from varied causes.
Materials and Methods: In the present study dissection was done on fifty seven upper limb specimens obtained from the college of Medicine and Health Sciences, Oman. Variations observed in the origin and course of the arteries in the arm and forearm, were noted and later photographed.
Results: Out of the fifty seven upper limb specimens studied variations were noted in four limbs. In one limb there was a superficial branch originating from the brachial artery, that later divided into superficial radial and ulnar arteries. In two limbs the brachial artery was superficial to the median nerve, in one of them the brachial artery coursing superficial to the median nerve had a tortuous course. Superficial course of ulnar artery in the forearm was noted in another limb.
Conclusion: Surgical procedures are being increasingly done on the upper limb arteries, these procedures are either diagnostic or therapeutic interventions, such as arteriography, flap harvesting, creating arteriovenous fistulas etc. Knowledge of the variations in the upper limb arteries is essential before any surgical intervention is planned in the upper limb arteries in order to prevent unnecessary complications.
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SIRIH CINA (peperomia pellucida) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Sari Rika Puspita 
Published: May 2022

Chinese betel leaf (Peperomiapellucida) is one among the wild herbaceous plants belonging to the Piperaceae family which is employed as a natural medicine. The study's goal was to determine the antibacterial activity of an ethanol extract of Chinese betel leaf ointment against Staphylococcus aureus, as well as the optimal concentration. The test of the study was administered by the diffusion method using disc paper. The results of the characterization examination of Chinese betel leaf simplicia powder obtained water soluble extract content of 64.58%, ethanol soluble extract content of 24.95%, total ash content of three 3.2%, 5.9 % water of content and 0.28% acid insoluble ash content of and Simplisia contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Staphylococcus aureus obtained a degree of 8% with a diameter of 16.81, the diameter of the inhibition zone of the Chinese betel leaf ethanol extract against. The ethanol extract of Chinese betel leaf exhibits antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus, according to the findings of the study.
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Chinese betel leaf Staphylococcus aureus
PEMBUATAN MIKROKRISTALIN SELULOSA (MCC) dari BATANG PISANG MAS (Musa acuminata colla) dengan AVICEL PH 102 SEBAGAI PEMBANDING TAHUN 2019
Authors: Erdiwan Erdiwan 
Published: May 2022

Commercial cellulose microcrystalline known as Avicel PH 102, which is a tablet filling material Avicel PH 102 which is expensive and uses a lot of it, it is necessary to look for other alternative sources of producing microcrystalline cellulose. The Waste of banana stem contains water content of 80-90%, cellulose 63-64%, hemicellulose 20%, and lignin 5% and contains 11-12% other constituens so that it can be the basic material for making MCC. This study aimed to isolate α-cellulose from banana mas stems and characterize microcrystalline cellulose with Avicel PH 102. The method of this study was an experimental. Microcrystalline banana stem cellulose is obtained by heating banana stem powder with 4% NaOH which serves to dissolve lignin, then bleached with 2.5% NaOCl, 17.5% NaOH heated to dissolve β-cellulose and γ-cellulose, and heated with HCL 2 N . The results are hydrolyzed with α-cellulose and then hydrolyzed with 2.5N HCl to give microcrystalline cellulose, which is characterized and compared to Avicel PH102. The result of characterization of banana mas stem microcrystalline cellulose and Avicel PH 102 which were obtained respectively is organoleptic tests of coarse powder, white, doesn’t have any smells; pH 6.6 and 6.5; solubility of substances in water 0.023 and 0.023%; total ash content are 0.17 and 0.12%; decrease of drying 5.47 and 5.28%; real density 0.337 and 0.404 g / cm3; true type weight 1.43 and 1.43 g / cm3; incompressible density 0.478 and 0.480 g / cm3; compressibility index 41.77 and 18.85%; Hausner index 1.41 and 1.18; porosity; 76.43 and 93.640%. Based on the results of the study concluded that microcrystalline cellulose can be made from banana mas stems and has the same characteristics as Avicel PH 102.
Pengaruh OCB dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. Batara Titian Kencana (Xtrans) Cabang Menteng - Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Basri Hasan , Nabilah Lily 
Published: May 2022

Effect Of Organizational Citizenship Behavior And Employee Motivation To Employees Performance PT Batara Titian Kencana (Xtrans) Branch Menteng - Jakarta Pusat. Based on the results of research conducted on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Work Motivation on Employee Performance of PT Batara Titian Kencana (XTRANS) Menteng Branch - Central Jakarta, the writer can draw the following conclusion: 1. Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Employee Performance PT Batara Titian Kencana Xtrans showed a correlation coefficient of 0.736 which means a strong influence between OCB on employee performance, while the diversity of respondents based on OCB variables that have been studied by the authors are dominated by indicators to colleagues who do not understand I am willing to tell about how the use of work tools yag well and true in carrying out all the work we do. 2. Motivation and Performance of employees of PT Batara Titian Kencana Xtrans showed a correlation coefficient of 0.711 which means a strong influence between work morivation variable on employee performance, while the diversity of respondents based on motivation variables that have been studied by the writer dominated by indicators I always try to improve work productivity . 3. In the result of correlation analysis between Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), and Work Motivation to Employee Performance is strong and significant, it is shown figure in table R = 0,736. So it can be concluded that there is a strong influence between OCB variables work motivation together to employee performance. That is, employees can provide the best for companies or organizations, thus will affect both the performance of the employees themselves.Â Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Motivation To EmployeesPerformance
The prospect of using unmanned aerial vehicles to maintain an appropriate level of ecological safety
Authors: Parczewski Rafał 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesPossibilities of using drones in the ecological safety system.MethodsThe main purpose of the research conducted in the form of a questionnaire was to get the respondents' opinions on the usefulness of unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) to support the performance of official tasks .
(The method of a diagnostic survey with the use of a questionnaire).ResultsThe collected research material showed that the UAVs are useful to carrying out tasks related to environmental protection. The main recommendations for usefulness of drones in the surveyed group of respondents from individual forest districts were as follows:
1)	performing tasks related to fire protection;
2)	making cartographic materials, inventory of damages caused by abiotic and biotic factors;
3)	used to fight forest pests
4)	missing persons searching;
5)	detection of illegal dumps;
6)	animals inventory;
7)	water courses beaver dams monitoring;
8)	forest health condition assessment and monitoring;
9)	the possibility of quick localization of fires in hard-to-reach places;
10)	UAV equipped with thermal camera would help in monitoring (animals tracking);
11)	tourist traffic monitoring.ConclusionsThe collected research material shows that UAVs should be used by services and state authorities that perform tasks related to environmental protection. The results of the surveyed group of UAV operators show that drones would be useful in "tracking" illegal garbage dumps. Public services and bodies should use UAVs to monitor illegal garbage dumps. According to the surveyed group, there should be higher fines for throwing waste (garbage) in prohibited areas.
The Ontology of the War in Ukraine – Cold War Revives
Authors: Reśkiewicz Patryk , Najdzik Krzysztof 
Published: May 2022

Objectivesthe identification of political-military determinants of the full-scale phase of the war in Ukraine which has been going on since 2014. The said goal shall be achieved by analyzing the boundary conditions of the Russian security policy against the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the geostrategic conditioning of the Republic of Belarus.Methodsthe following techniques have been implemented in the article: qualitative analysis and critical analysis of the source literature, synthesis – cause and effect associations. The statistical method has also been used. The empirical methods include abstract modelling for the construction of simplified models of the description of reality with reference to the object of analysis.Resultsthe three goals mentioned beforehand have been achieved in the article through (1) showing the main strategic and operational assumptions of the Russian Federation with regard to its national security policy, (2) the role of incorporated Belarus in the military operation being carried out, (3) the estimation of the main assumptions of the military campaign.Conclusionsthe neo-imperial policy carried out by the Russian Federation towards the neighboring countries is the main determinant of the warfare in Ukraine. Russian willingness to reestablish the regional order in Central and Eastern Europe determines the next phase of the military campaign. Over the past years, Belarus has been gradually integrated as a Union Member State. It may be assumed that Belarus will become a subjugated country of Russia – which increases the possibility of Belarus being involved in military conflicts carried by the Russian Federation.
Analisis Karakter Bersahabat Peserta Didik Smpn 16 Kota Jambi Di Tinjau Dari Indikator Bekerja Sama Dan Perhatian Terhadap Orang Lain
Authors: Monalisa Prita , Sukarni Weni , Erika Erika , Hoyi Roro , Firmansyah Riko 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter peserta didik, terutama karakter bersahabat pada peserta didik kelas VII dan VIII SMPN 16 Kota Jambi. Metodologi: Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Sedangkan jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu jenis penelitian survei dengan instrumen penelitian berupa angket. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VII G, VII H, VII I, VIII I dan VIII J dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 153 siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi ganda menggunakan bantuan komputer dengan menggunakan Program Analisis Regresi SPSS Statistik 20. Pada penelitian ini mendeskripsikan hanya 2 indikator yaitu : dapat bekerja sama dan perhatian terhadap orang lain. Temuan utama: Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh bahwa peserta didik di SMPN 16 Kota Jambi sebanyak 78 dari 153 peserta didik dengan persentasi 51% dapat menerapkan indikator bekerja sama dengan baik dan sebanyak 56 dari 153 peserta didik dengan persentasi 56,9% dapat menerapkan indikator perhatian terhadap orang lain dengan baik. Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaharuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan kerjasama dan perhatian siswa terhadap teman kelas.
Sikap Siswa di SMPN 49 Muaro Jambi Berdasarkan Indikator Sikap Terhadap Penyelidikan Dalam IPA, Adopsi Dari Sikap Ilmiah dan Ketertarikan Berkarir di Bidang IPA
Authors: Zain Muhammad Sofyan , Wijayanto Eko 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Variabel yang peneliti ingin telti yaitu adalah variabel sikap terdiri dari 3 indikator yaitu Sikap Terhadap Penyelidikan Dalam IPA, Adopsi Dari Sikap Ilmiah dan Ketertarikan Berkarir di Bidang IPA.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN 49 Muaro Jambi, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 24 siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan desain penelitian survei. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan angket yang telah tervalidasi dengan nilai Cronbach alpha dari penelitian.
Temuan utama: sikap terhadap penyelidikan dalam IPA yang dilakukan di SMPN 49 Muaro Jambi masih dikategorikan kurang baik dengan persentase memilih pernyataan tidak setuju sebesar 52,2%, adopsi Dari Sikap Ilmiah dikategorikan cukup dengan persentase sebesar 65.2%, dan Ketertarikan berkarir dalam bidang IPA persentase terbesar adalah pada jawaban setuju dengan persentase sebesar 95,7%.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaruan dari penelitian ini yaitu pentingnya identifikasi sikap siswa agar guru mampu membuat suatu inovasi terbaru didalam pembelajaran.
Kompetensi Guru Dalam Menyusun LKPD Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Di Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Santoso Supriono 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Meningkatkan kompetensi guru dalam menyusun dan menggunakan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) dalam pembelajaran jarak jauh di SMPN 2 Tanjung Jabung Timur.
Metodologi: Penelitian ini berupa penelitian tindakan sekolah yang menggunakan pendekatan action research. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berupa semua guru yang ada di SMPN 2 Tanjung Jabung Timur dengan total sampling berjumlah 19 guru. Data dianalisis pada bagian proses dan hasil. Penelitian dilangsungkan sebanyak 2 siklus. Kedua siklus memfokuskan pada Pelatihan Partisipatif dengan Bimbingan Intensif. Dari kedua siklus selalu di evaluasi untuk dilakukan perbaikan.
Temuan utama: Hasil penelitian ini didapat analisis skor perolehan untuk tiap aspek LKPD diperoleh rata-rata aspek didaktik 3,90 aspek kontruksi 3,87 dan aspek teknik mendapat rata-rata 3,86. Skor rata-rata indikator semua aspek mencapai 3,88 dan tidak diperoleh skor rata-rata kurang dari 3 pada siklus II. Perbandingan hasil siklus I dan Siklus II terlihat ada kemajuan yang bertambah baik dari nilai rata – rata 68,28 menjadi 77,61.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru secara praktis merupakan solusi yang dapat memudahkan pembelajaran secara luring.
Modifikasi Sistem Sosial Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Sosial Siswa
Authors: Sukarni Weni 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sikap sosial siswa melalui sebuah modifikasi sistem sosial model pembelajaran problem solving.
Metodologi: Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah desain model ADDIE yang hanya sampai pada tahapan pengembangan dengan uji validasi oleh ahli. Adapun teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini terbagi dua yang meliputi data kuantitatif berupa hasil angket validasi oleh ahli dan data kualitatif berupa komentar atau saran dari validasi ahli. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabelitas. Sementara analisis data kualitatif menggunakan metode analisis oleh Miles dan Huberman.
Temuan utama: Berdasarkan hasil uji validasi oleh ahli dan uji reliabelitas dapat simpulkan bahwa modifikasi sistem sosial model pembelajaran problem solving valid dan layak untuk digunakan. Selain itu, lembar penilaian sikap yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk mempermudah dalam penilaian sikap terutama sikap sosial siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Keterbaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah memodifikasi model pembelajran problem solving pada sistem sosial.
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Diagnostik Dengan Certainty Of Response Index Untuk Mengidentifikasi Miskonsepsi Siswa Pada Materi Ikatan Kimia
Authors: Ebiati Ebiati 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui miskonsepsi melalui tes diagnostic menggunakan metode Certainty of Response Index.
Metodologi: Metode ini dapat menggambarkan keyakinan responden terhadap kebenaran alternatif jawaban yang direspon berdasarkan petunjuk dalam mengerjakan soal.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangan instrumen tes diagnostik dengan certainty of response index untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siswa SMA pada materi ikatan kimia dan melakukan pengujian untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa terhadap instrumen tersebut. Instrumen tes diagnostik yang dibuat, hanya meliputi pengujian kelayakan berdasarkan validasi ahli dan tanggapan siswa, tidak diujikan untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siswa.Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE ( Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluations). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis data secara kualitatif dan analisis data secara kuantitatif.
Temuan utama: Instrumen tes diagnostik yang dikembangan divalidasi oleh ahli materi dalam dua tahap dengan persentase kelayakan masing-masing 87,78% dan 92,2%. Validasi media dilakukan dalam tiga tahap dengan persentase kelayakan tahap I 80%, tahap II 93,3%, dan tahap III dengan persentase 100%. Untuk tiap tahap validasi media berdasarkan kriteria kelayakan berada pada interval 81%- 100% dengan kriteria “sangat layak” untuk diujicobakan.
Keterbaruan penelitian: Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dalam ujicoba kelompok besar di SMAN 1 Kota Jambi persepsi siswa terhadap instrumen tes diagnostik untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siwa pada materi ikatan kimia termasuk kategori “sangat layak”.
The Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES) I. Survey Overview, Reduction Pipeline, and Early Results
Authors: Tamburo Patrick , Muirhead Philip S. , McCarthy Allison M. , Hart Murdock , Gracia David , Vos Johanna M. , Bardalez Gagliuffi Daniella C. , Faherty Jacqueline , Theissen Christopher , Agol Eric , Skinner Julie N. , Sagear Sheila 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We describe the Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES), a near-infrared photometric search for short-period transiting planets and moons around a sample of 393 spectroscopically confirmed L- and T-type dwarfs. PINES is performed with Boston University’s 1.8 m Perkins Telescope Observatory, located on Anderson Mesa, Arizona. We discuss the observational strategy of the survey, which was designed to optimize the number of expected transit detections, and describe custom automated observing procedures for performing PINES observations. We detail the steps of the PINES Analysis Toolkit (PAT), software that is used to create light curves from PINES images. We assess the impact of second-order extinction due to changing precipitable water vapor on our observations and find that the magnitude of this effect is minimized in Mauna Kea Observatories J band. We demonstrate the validity of PAT through the recovery of a transit of WASP-2 b and known variable brown dwarfs, and use it to identify a new variable L/T transition object: the T2 dwarf WISE J045746.08-020719.2. We report on the measured photometric precision of the survey and use it to estimate our transit-detection sensitivity. We find that for our median brightness targets, assuming contributions from white noise only, we are sensitive to the detection of 2.5 R
⊕ planets and larger. PINES will test whether the increase in sub-Neptune-sized planet occurrence with decreasing host mass continues into the L- and T-dwarf regime.
The Complexity of the Cetus Stream Unveiled from the Fusion of STREAMFINDER and StarGO
Authors: Yuan Zhen , Malhan Khyati , Sestito Federico , Ibata Rodrigo A. , Martin Nicolas F. , Chang Jiang , Li Ting S. , Caffau Elisabetta , Bonifacio Piercarlo , Bellazzini Michele , Huang Yang , Voggel Karina , Longeard Nicolas , Arentsen Anke , Doliva-Dolinsky Amandine , Navarro Julio , Famaey Benoit , Starkenburg Else , Aguado David S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We combine the power of two stream-searching tools, STREAMFINDER and StarGO applied to the Gaia EDR3 data, to detect stellar debris belonging to the Cetus stream system that forms a complex, nearly polar structure around the Milky Way. In this work, we find the southern extensions of the northern Cetus stream as the Palca stream and a new southern stream, which overlap on the sky but have different distances. These two stream wraps extend over more than ∼100° on the sky (−60° < δ < +40°). The current N-body model of the system reproduces both as two wraps in the trailing arm. We also show that the Cetus system is confidently associated with the Triangulum/Pisces, Willka Yaku, and the recently discovered C-20 streams. The association with the ATLAS-Aliqa Uma stream is much weaker. All of these stellar debris are very metal-poor, comparable to the average metallicity of the southern Cetus stream with [Fe/H] = −2.17 ± 0.20. The estimated stellar mass of the Cetus progenitor is at least 105.6
M
⊙, compatible with Ursa Minor or Draco dwarf galaxies. The associated globular cluster with similar stellar mass, NGC 5824 very possibly was accreted in the same group infall. The multi-wrap Cetus stream is a perfect example of a dwarf galaxy that has undergone several periods of stripping, leaving behind debris at multiple locations in the halo. The full characterization of such systems is crucial to unravel the history of the assembly of the Milky Way, and importantly, to provide nearby fossils to study ancient low-mass dwarf galaxies.
The Difference Coagulopathy Factor and Interleukin-6 between Survival and Non-survival Patients COVID-19
Authors: Putra Yoshua Arif , Mutiara Mutiara 
Published: May 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in coagulopathy and an increase in inflammatory responses. Numerous studies have shown a significant difference in interleukin levels and coagulopathy parameters such as platelet, aPTT, PT, and D- dimer between survivor and non-survivor patient COVID-19.
Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the age, coagulopathy characteristics, and interleukin-6 levels of non-survival versus survival patients. COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 patients. The diagnostic criteria are based on the Indonesian Ministry of Health's recommendations. The patient's blood was analyzed in the hospital's central laboratory. Patients are classified into two groups based on their likelihood of surviving: non-survival and survival. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data.
Results: A total of 557 patients with COVID-19 were included in this study. Patients were categorized into 146 non-survival and 411 survival subgroups. There was a significant difference in the mean age, coagulopathy parameters, and interleukin-6 expect platelets between non-survival and survival outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated a statistically significant difference in PT, aPTT, D-Dimer, and interleukin-6 levels between the non-survival and survival groups of COVID-19.