bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance analysis of mmWave radio propagations in an indoor environment for 5G networks
Authors: Getahun Hanna , Rajkumar S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Existing wireless communications in the sub-6 GHz bands are facing challenges from the growing demand for higher data rates and better quality of services. To satisfy these demands, the fifth generation (5G) mobile network would consider unused spectrum in the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum (30–300 GHz). The shortage of bandwidth in the sub-6 GHz band is solved using mmWave technology. Furthermore, mmWave provides significantly higher throughput, data rate, and capacity. Despite the fact that a huge bandwidth is employed, mmWave technology suffers from diffuse scattering from rough materials, path loss, reflection loss, atmospheric attenuation, building penetration loss, and shadowing which leads to a decrease in the transmitted signal power. Therefore, a reliable and accurate channel model is important in the mmWave bands, particularly for the indoor environment. Moreover, by using technologies like beam-forming and others coupled with mmWave, the listed impairments are minimized. In this work, we analyze the performance of different path loss models (CI, free space, and two rays) at 38, 60, and 73 GHz carrier frequencies in terms of path loss in terms of separation distance between transmitter and receiver. Additionally, we have evaluated the performance of the path loss with respect to the break point distance to enhance the received signal power and throughput. We have also done analysis of the directional power delay profile with received signal power, path loss and path loss exponent (PLE) at 38 GHz and 73 GHz mmWave bands for both LOS and NLOS by using uniform linear array (ULA) 2 × 2 and 64 × 16 antenna configurations using the channel model simulator (NYUSIM). The simulation results show the performance of different path loss models in the mmWave and sub 6 GHz bands. Path loss in the close-in (CI) model at mmWave bands is larger than that of free space and two ray path loss models, because it considers all shadowing and reflection effects between transmitter and receiver.
Proper mappings between indefinite hyperbolic spaces and type I classical domains
Authors: Huang Xiaojun , Lu Jin , Tang Xiaomin , Xiao Ming 
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we first study a mapping problem between indefinite hyperbolic spaces by employing the work established earlier by the authors. In particular, we generalize certain theorems proved by Baouendi-Ebenfelt-Huang [Amer. J. Math. 133 (2011), pp. 1633–1661] and Ng [Michigan Math. J. 62 (2013), pp. 769–777; Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN 2 (2015), pp. 291–324]. Then we use these results to prove a rigidity result for proper holomorphic mappings between type I classical domains, which confirms a conjecture formulated by Chan [Int. Math. Res. Not., doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnaa373] after the work of Zaitsev-Kim [Math. Ann. 362 (2015), pp. 639-677], Kim [Proper holomorphic maps between bounded symmetric domains, Springer, Tokyo, 2015, pp. 207–219] and himself.
Clinical Validation of a Circulating Tumor Cell Assay Using Density Centrifugation and Automated Immunofluorescence Microscopy
Authors: Sabath Daniel E , Perrone Marie E , Clein Alisa , Tam Michael , Hardin Michael , Trimble Sara , Ramirez Arturo , Duplessis Melinda , Mojica Tanisha , Higano Celestia S , Gadi V K , Kaldjian Eric , George Tad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved CELLSEARCH assay (Menarini Silicon Biosystems) for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) relies on expression of an epithelial cell adhesion molecule to enrich for CTCs. We sought to validate a CTC assay (RareCyte) for clinical use that instead collects a buffy coat preparation enriched for CTCs.

Methods
Normal peripheral blood specimens spiked with cultured breast and prostate cancer cells and 47 clinical samples were used to validate assay performance. Specimens were enriched for buffy coat cells and applied onto 8 glass slides. The slides were immunofluorescently stained and imaged by automated microscopy and computer-aided image analysis.

Results
The assay was 100% specific for detecting spiked tumor cells. For samples spiked with 25, 50, and 125 cells, the percentage coefficients of variation were 42%, 21%, and 3.7%, respectively. Linearity studies demonstrated a slope of 0.99, an intercept of 1.6, and R2 of 0.96. Recoveries at the 25-, 50-, and 125-cell levels were 92%, 111%, and 100%, respectively. Clinical samples run on both CELLSEARCH and RareCyte correlated with an R2 of 0.8 after log-transformation and demonstrated 87.5% concordance using the CELLSEARCH criteria for predicting adverse outcomes.

Conclusions
The RareCyte CTC assay has comparable performance to the FDA-cleared method and is ready for further clinical validation studies.
Population Attributable Fraction of Nonvaccination of Child and Adolescent Vaccines Attributed to Parental Vaccine Hesitancy, 2018–2019
Authors: Nguyen Kimberly H , Srivastav Anup , Vaish Akhil , Singleton James A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Understanding the role of vaccine hesitancy in undervaccination or nonvaccination of childhood vaccines is important for increasing vaccine confidence and uptake. We used data from April to June interviews in the 2018 and 2019 National Immunization Survey–Flu (n = 78,725, United States), a nationally representative cross-sectional household cellular telephone survey. We determined the adjusted population attributable fraction (PAF) for each recommended childhood vaccine to assess the contribution of vaccine hesitancy to the observed nonvaccination level. Hesitancy is defined as being somewhat or very hesitant toward childhood vaccines. Furthermore, we assessed the PAF of nonvaccination for influenza according to sociodemographic characteristics, Department of Health and Human Services region, and state. The proportion of nonvaccination attributed to parental vaccine hesitancy was lowest for hepatitis B birth dose vaccine (6.5%) and highest for ≥3-dose diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (31.3%). The PAF of influenza nonvaccination was highest for non-Hispanic Black populations (15.4%), households with high educational (17.7%) and income (16.5%) levels, and urban areas (16.1%). Among states, PAF ranged from 25.4% (New Hampshire) to 7.5% (Louisiana). Implementing strategies to increase vaccination confidence and uptake are important, particularly during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Spectral clustering of single cells using Siamese nerual network combined with improved affinity matrix
Authors: Jiang Hanjing , Huang Yabing , Li Qianpeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLimitations of bulk sequencing techniques on cell heterogeneity and diversity analysis have been pushed with the development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). To detect clusters of cells is a key step in the analysis of scRNA-seq. However, the high-dimensionality of scRNA-seq data and the imbalances in the number of different subcellular types are ubiquitous in real scRNA-seq data sets, which poses a huge challenge to the single-cell-type detection.We propose a meta-learning-based model, SiaClust, which is the combination of Siamese Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and improved spectral clustering, to achieve scRNA-seq cell type detection. To be specific, with the help of the constrained Sigmoid kernel, the raw high-dimensionality data is mapped to a low-dimensional space, and the Siamese CNN learns the differences between the cell types in the low-dimensional feature space. The similarity matrix learned by Siamese CNN is used in combination with improved spectral clustering and t-distribution Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) for visualization. SiaClust highlights the differences between cell types by comparing the similarity of the samples, whereas blurring the differences within the cell types is better in processing high-dimensional and imbalanced data. SiaClust significantly improves clustering accuracy by using data generated by nine different species and tissues through different scNA-seq protocols for extensive evaluation, as well as analogies to state-of-the-art single-cell clustering models. More importantly, SiaClust accurately locates the exact site of dropout gene, and is more flexible with data size and cell type.
Benchmarking CKD: incidence of CKD in a European country with low prevalence of CKD and kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Ortiz Alberto 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Iceland was one of six European countries with an adjusted incidence of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in 2018 lower than 100 per million persons (pmp), along with Estonia, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia and Finland. It was also one of 10 countries with an adjusted KRT prevalence &lt;900 pmp. Furthermore, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Iceland is up to 2.44-fold lower and the death rate from CKD up to 3.44-fold lower than in other countries with a low incidence of KRT, suggesting that the low KRT incidence actually reflects a low need for KRT rather than low uptake or availability of KRT. This identifies Iceland as a benchmark for countries trying to reduce KRT incidence. Iceland also represents one of the best genetically characterized populations in the world, facilitating studies on the influence of the genetic background versus environment and lifestyle on CKD. This issue of CKJ reports the incidence and risk factors for CKD in Icelandic adults. Diabetes, acute kidney injury, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, malignancy and major psychiatric illness were associated with an increased risk of incident CKD, as were obesity and sleep apnea in women. However, in 75% of incident CKD cases, CKD was first detected in category G3 or higher, emphasizing the need for new tools that allow an earlier diagnosis of CKD that precedes the loss of &gt;50% of the functioning kidney mass and/or wider use of albuminuria as a screening tool. The European Society of Cardiology just recommended assessing albuminuria for routine cardiovascular risk workups for all.
Modeling and Approximating the Visit of a Set of Sites With a Fleet of UAVs
Authors: Calamoneri Tiziana , Tavernelli Daniele 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the problem of flying over an area affected by a natural disaster (e.g. an earthquake) with a fleet of self-piloting unmanned aerial vehicles with cameras or other kinds of sensors on board; the aim is to acquire knowledge of the situation before rescuers start working. We model this situation as a new graph theoretical problem; then, we study its complexity providing an approximation ratio that becomes constant in some special (though practically reasonable) cases; finally, we put in relation the approximability of this new problem and of a well-known one. To the best of our knowledge, no previous work has ever considered all together the constraints we take into account from a theoretical point of view, so this is the first very general graph theoretical model for this problem.
A Novel SGD-U-Network-Based Pixel-Level Road Crack Segmentation and Classification
Authors: Sekar Aravindkumar , Perumal Varalakshmi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Automatic road crack detection plays a major role in developing an intelligent transportation system. The traditional approach of in-situ inspection is expensive and requires more man-power. In-order to solve this problem, a novel approach for automatic road crack segmentation was developed using Stack Generative adversarial network Discriminator-U-Network (SGD-U-Network). We have collected 19 300 crack and non-crack images (MIT-CHN-ORR dataset) from the Outer Ring Road of Chennai, TamilNadu, India. The MIT-CHN-ORR dataset was initially pre-processed using traditional image processing techniques for ground truth image generation. A stage-I and stage-II stack Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model was introduced for generating high-resolution non-crack images. Then, the extracted features from Stack GAN Discriminator of stage II (SGD2) was concatenated with every level of expansion path in SGD-U-Network for segmenting the crack regions of the input crack images. Also, multi-feature-based classifier was developed using the features extracted from SGD2 and the bottleneck layer of SGD-U-Network. Our proposed model was implemented on MIT-CHN-ORR dataset and also analyzed our model performance using other existing benchmark datasets. The experimental analysis showcased that the proposed method outperformed the other state-of-the-art approaches.
Dispersal syndrome and landscape fragmentation in the salt-marsh specialist spiderErigone longipalpis
Authors: Dahirel Maxime , Wullschleger Marie , Berry Tristan , Croci Solène , Pétillon Julien 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDispersal and its evolution play a key role for population persistence in fragmented landscapes where habitat loss and fragmentation increase the cost of between-habitat movements. In such contexts, it is important to know how variation in dispersal and other traits is structured, and whether responses to landscape fragmentation are aligned with underlying dispersal-trait correlations, or dispersal syndromes. We, therefore, studied trait variation in Erigone longipalpis, a European spider species specialist of (often patchy) salt marshes. We collected spiders in two salt-marsh landscapes differing in habitat availability. We then reared lab-born spiders for two generations in controlled conditions, and measured dispersal and its association with various key traits. Erigone longipalpis population densities were lower in the more fragmented landscape. Despite this, we found no evidence of differences in dispersal, or any other trait we studied, between the two landscapes. While a dispersal syndrome was present at the among-individual level (dispersers were more fecund and faster growing, among others), there was no indication it was genetically driven: among-family differences in dispersal were not correlated with differences in other traits. Instead, we showed that the observed phenotypic covariations were mostly due to within-family correlations. We hypothesize that the dispersal syndrome is the result of asymmetric food access among siblings, leading to variation in development rates and carrying over to adult traits. Our results show we need to better understand the sources of dispersal variation and syndromes, especially when dispersal may evolve rapidly in response to environmental change.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of a xerophytic plant, Haloxylon ammodendron
Authors: Wang Mingcheng , Zhang Lei , Tong Shaofei , Jiang Dechun , Fu Zhixi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Haloxylon ammodendron is a xerophytic perennial shrub or small tree that has a high ecological value in anti-desertification due to its high tolerance to drought and salt stress. Here, we report a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of H. ammodendron by integrating PacBio’s high-fidelity sequencing and Hi-C technology. The assembled genome size was 685.4 Mb, of which 99.6% was assigned to nine pseudochromosomes with a contig N50 value of 23.6 Mb. Evolutionary analysis showed that both the recent substantial amplification of long terminal repeat retrotransposons and tandem gene duplication may have contributed to its genome size expansion and arid adaptation. An ample amount of low-GC genes was closely related to functions that may contribute to the desert adaptation of H. ammodendron. Gene family clustering together with gene expression analysis identified differentially expressed genes that may play important roles in the direct response of H. ammodendron to water-deficit stress. We also identified several genes possibly related to the degraded scaly leaves and well-developed root system of H. ammodendron. The reference-level genome assembly presented here will provide a valuable genomic resource for studying the genome evolution of xerophytic plants, as well as for further genetic breeding studies of H. ammodendron.
Production of abscisic acid in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Arnesen Jonathan Asmund , Jacobsen Irene Hjorth , Dyekjær Jane Dannow , Rago Daniela , Kristensen Mette , Klitgaard Andreas Koedfoed , Randelovic Milica , Martinez José Luis , Borodina Irina 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone with applications in agriculture and human health. ABA can be produced by Botrytis cinerea, a plant pathogenic filamentous fungus. However, the cultivation process is lengthy and strain improvement by genetic engineering is difficult. Therefore, we engineered the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as an alternative host for ABA production. First, we expressed five B. cinerea genes involved in ABA biosynthesis (BcABA1,BcABA2,BcABA3,BcABA4 and BcCPR1) in a Y. lipolytica chassis with optimized mevalonate flux. The strain produced 59.2 mg/L of ABA in small-scale cultivation. Next, we expressed an additional copy of each gene in the strain, but only expression of additional copy of BcABA1 gene increased the ABA titer to 168.5 mg/L. We then integrated additional copies of the mevalonate pathway and ABA biosynthesis encoding genes, and we expressed plant ABA transporters resulting in an improved strain producing 263.5 mg/L and 9.1 mg/g dry cell weight (DCW) ABA. Bioreactor cultivation resulted in a specific yield of 12.8 mg/g DCW ABA; however, surprisingly, the biomass level obtained in bioreactors was only 10.5 g DCW/L, with a lower ABA titer of 133.6 mg/L. While further optimization is needed, this study confirms Y. lipolytica as a potential alternative host for the ABA production.
The zinc-finger transcription factor LSL-1 is a major regulator of the germline transcriptional program in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Rodriguez-Crespo David , Nanchen Magali , Rajopadhye Shweta , Wicky Chantal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Specific gene transcriptional programs are required to ensure the proper proliferation and differentiation processes underlying the production of specialized cells during development. Gene activity is mainly regulated by the concerted action of transcription factors and chromatin proteins. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, mechanisms that silence improper transcriptional programs in germline and somatic cells have been well studied, however, how are tissue-specific sets of genes turned on is less known. LSL-1 is herein defined as a novel crucial transcriptional regulator of germline genes in C. elegans. LSL-1 is first detected in the P4 blastomere and remains present at all stages of germline development, from primordial germ cell proliferation to the end of meiotic prophase. lsl-1 loss-of-function mutants exhibit many defects including meiotic prophase progression delay, a high level of germline apoptosis, and production of almost no functional gametes. Transcriptomic analysis and ChIP-seq data show that LSL-1 binds to promoters and acts as a transcriptional activator of germline genes involved in various processes, including homologous chromosome pairing, recombination, and genome stability. Furthermore, we show that LSL-1 functions by antagonizing the action of the heterochromatin proteins HPL-2/HP1 and LET-418/Mi2 known to be involved in the repression of germline genes in somatic cells. Based on our results, we propose LSL-1 to be a major regulator of the germline transcriptional program during development.
Ustekinumab and Vedolizumab Are Not Associated With Subsequent Cancer in IBD Patients with Prior Malignancy
Authors: Hong Simon J , Zenger Cameron , Pecoriello Jillian , Pang Alice , Vallely Margaret , Hudesman David P , Chang Shannon , Axelrad Jordan E 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
There is little data regarding the risk of new or recurrent cancer in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a prior history of cancer who are exposed to ustekinumab or vedolizumab. We assessed the risk of subsequent cancer in patients exposed to these agents.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with IBD and a history of cancer at an academic medical center between January 2013 and December 2020. We collected data on demographics, IBD and cancer disease characteristics, and drug exposures. The primary exposure was immunosuppressive therapy after diagnosis of cancer. The primary outcome was interval development of new or recurrent cancer.

Results
Of 390 patients with IBD and a previous history of cancer, 37 were exposed to vedolizumab, 14 ustekinumab, 41 antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF), and 31 immunomodulator; and 267 were not exposed to immunosuppression following cancer diagnosis. During a total median follow-up time of 52 months, 81 (20%) patients developed subsequent cancer: 6 (16%) were exposed to vedolizumab, 2 (14%) to ustekinumab, 3 (10%) to immunomodulators, 12 (29%) to anti-TNF, and 56 (21%) with no immunosuppression (P = .41). In a multivariable Cox model adjusting for age, IBD subtype, smoking, cancer recurrence risk, and cancer stage, there was no increase in subsequent cancer with vedolizumab (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.27-7.01) or ustekinumab (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.17-5.41). Patients with more than 1 biologic exposure also did not have an increased risk of subsequent cancer.

Conclusions
Exposure to ustekinumab or vedolizumab in patients with IBD and a prior history of cancer does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of subsequent new or recurrent cancer.
Environment pollutants removal with non-thermal plasma technology
Authors: Chen Buyong , Wang Yuanhao , Li Sen , Xu Naijiao , Fu Yuhong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In recent years, non-thermal plasma technology has gained considerable attention. It can produce highly reactive hydroxyl radicals and other strong oxidants, which is promising in environment pollutants removal. This article mainly reviews the recent advances in environment contaminants removal with several well-known non-thermal plasma technologies. We first introduce non-thermal plasma technology and its development, then summarize their applications for air purification organic wastewater treatment and sludge organic crack and prospect their further development in the future.
Defining legal technology and its implications
Authors: Whalen Ryan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Legal technological developments have been both lauded as the promising future of the law and derided as a danger to the fundamentals of justice. This article helps reconcile these divergent perspectives by providing a definition of legal technology and a framework through which to understand its different types and their potential implications for the legal system and society more generally. Mapping technologies according to how specifically they afford legal uses, and the directness with which they engage in unmediated legal activities reveals different technological categories and their differing propensities to have legal, functional or general implications. This framework can help inform discussions both about which types of legal technologies to be excited about, and which to be concerned about, while also helping guide research, policymaking, design and adoption considerations.