bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Residency Interviews: Applicant Perceptions Regarding Virtual Interview Effectiveness, Advantages, and Barriers
Authors: Domingo Alexander , Rdesinski Rebecca E. , Stenson Amy , Aylor Megan , Sullenbarger John , Hatfield Joanna , Walker Sara , Hervey Shane , Singer Justin , Cois Adrian , Cheng Anthony 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Studies of the virtual interview format are needed to inform medical residency program leaders as they plan for future virtual interview seasons.

Objective
In the current study, completed in 2021, we sought to assess applicant perspectives of virtual interview effectiveness, advantages, and barriers, including factors that might impact equity and inclusion.

Methods
Interviewees applying to 7 residency programs and 2 clinical psychology programs at an academic medical center in the Pacific Northwest completed a post-interview survey.

Results
A total of 565 of 1429 interviewees (40%) completed the survey. A vast majority (83%–96%) agreed virtual interviews were effective in each measured domain, except for learning institutional culture (352 of 565, 62%). Many also found information regarding social/living environments inadequate. Participants selected advantages to virtual interviews more frequently than disadvantages. Commonly selected advantages included cost savings, time efficiency, reduced burden of travel, and reduced carbon footprint. Disadvantages included time zone differences, access to an appropriate interview setting, and reliable access to internet. The majority of interviewees (84%, 456 of 542) desired to keep a component of virtual interviews in the future. There were no significant disparities in results based on gender, rural/suburban/urban location, race, or underrepresented minority status.

Conclusions
Virtual interviews were perceived as effective, more advantageous than burdensome, and widely acceptable, with no disparities in these findings by included demographic characteristics.
Development of a Novel, Low-Cost, Low-Fidelity Simulation Model for Pudendal Nerve Block Application
Authors: Thiyagarajan Dhanalakshmi K. , Wheatley Catherine , Ramanathan Aparna 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Pudendal nerve block is an important alternative to neuraxial anesthesia, yet studies demonstrate that 3% to 50% of pudendal nerve blocks are ineffective. Lack of clinician training is the most common cause, and there are no simulation models currently described.

Objective
To develop and test a novel, low-cost, low-fidelity simulation model for training residents in the placement of a pudendal nerve block.

Methods
A pudendal nerve block model was developed using commonly found supplies, with a cost of $20.57. First-year to fourth-year obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) and family medicine (FM) residents were invited to 1 of 4 pudendal nerve block 1-hour simulation sessions from December 2019 to March 2021 during their required teaching sessions. Expert faculty led a discussion of pudendal nerve blocks, then participants practiced with the described model. A survey about the model was created by the authors and administrated prior to and immediately after the session. Pre- and post-surveys were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and Bonferroni correction was performed.

Results
Thirty-four out of a total of 36 eligible residents participated (94%). Residents showed improvement in knowledge (median pre-simulation score 43.99 compared with 70.06 post-simulation, P&lt;.00625) and self-assessed confidence (median pre-simulation score 1.7 compared with 3.2 post-simulation, P&lt;.00625) of a pudendal block placement after simulation training.

Conclusions
This new, low-cost, reusable, low-fidelity simulation model for pudendal nerve block placement improved knowledge and confidence in OB/GYN and FM residents after 1 hour of simulation training.
PERSEPSI SISWA KELAS VI SD INPRES MACCINI 1 MAKASSAR TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN DARING DALAM MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Asmal Muthmainnah 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi siswa kelas VI mengenai pembelajaran online dalam mata pelajaran matematika pada masa pandemi. Sampel dipilih melalui cluster random sampling yaitu kelas VIA sebanyak 25 orang siswa . Sampel diberi angket persepsi yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya yang dibuat pada Google Form. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa dari segi kemampuan menggunakan internet terlihat siswa pada umumnya sudah mahir dan menguasai aplikasi yang digunakan selama pembelajaran online yaitu media whatsapp serta mengetahui cara mencari atau mengakses pelajaran di internet, namun permasalahan signal yang kurang lancar menjadi kendala bagi mayoritas siswa. Dari segi proses pembelajaran, Siswa pada umumnya menyatakan kesulitan untuk melakukan komunikasi dengan guru apabila pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara online. Siswa lebih menyukai pembelajaran tatap muka sehingga terjadi diskusi langsung antara guru dan siswa. Banyaknya tugas selama pembelajaran online membuat siswa membutuhkan bantuan orang lain agar tugas-tugas yang diberikan guru bisa selesai. Dari segi dukungan, siswa menyatakan mendapatkan dukungan yang baik dari pemerintah, sekolah maupun orang tua, mereka memberikan fasilitas yang memadai kepada siswa demi kelancaran pelaksanaan pembelajaran online.
Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Siswa, Pembelajaran Online

ABSTRACT
This study aims to describe the perceptions of grade VI students regarding online learning in mathematics during the pandemic. The sample was selected through cluster random sampling. The sample is given a perception questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability which is made on Google Form. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that in terms of ability to use the internet, it was seen that students were generally already proficient and mastered the applications used during online learning, namely WhatsApp media and standby on how to search or access messages on the internet, but the problem of poor signal became a guard for students. In terms of the learning process, students generally find it difficult to communicate with the learning teacher which is carried out online. Students prefer face-to-face learning so that there is direct discussion between teachers and students. The number of tasks during online learning makes students need help from others so that the assignments given by the teacher can be completed. In terms of support, students stated that they received good support from the government, schools and parents, they provided adequate facilities to students for the smooth implementation of online learning.
Keywords: Perception, Students, Online Learning
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SNOWBALL THROWING DENGAN ICE BREAKING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 5 TOBADAK
Authors: Yahya Amran , Vernando Citro Leo , Herna Herna 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan minat belajar dan hasil belajar matematika dengan penggunaan model pembelajaran snowball throwing dengan ice breaking pada peserta didik kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Tobadak tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research). Desain penelitian ini menggunakan modifikasi model Kemmis & McTaggart dalam 2 siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Tobadak yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Objek penelitian adalah meningkatkan minat belajar dan hasil belajar melalui model pembelajaran model pembelajaran snowball throwing dengan ice breaking. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, tes, dan angket. Instrument penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi, soal tes hasil belajar dan angket. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I nilai rata-rata sebesar 53,95% dan persentase ketuntasan belajar sebesar 10% selanjutnya Pada siklus II nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 75,15% dan Persentase ketuntasan belajar siswa menjadi 85 % kemudian untuk perkembangan minat dapat dilihat pada siklus I dimana hasil yang didapat masih berada pada kategori rendah dengan nilai rata-rata 67% selanjutnya pada siklus II hasil angket minat belajar meningkat, dimana nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh sebesar 79% dengan kriteria cukup. Dengan ini dapat dinyatakan indikator keberhasilan telah tercapai pada siklus II.
Ruminasyon Eğilimine Öğrenilmiş Pasiflik Yönünden Bakış: Koruyucu ve Otoriter Ebeveyn Tutumları ile Geleneksel Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolü Algılarının Yordayıcı Rolleri
Authors: ZÜMBÜL Saadet 
Published: April 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, koruyucu ve otoriter ebeveyn tutumları ile geleneksel cinsiyet rolü algılarının genç yetişkinlerin ruminasyon eğilimi üzerindeki yordayıcı rollerini incelemektir. Çalışma grubunu, yaşları 18 ve 29 arasında değişen, 397’si kadın ve 116’sı erkek olmak üzere toplam 513 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama araçları olarak Ruminatif Düşünce Biçimi Ölçeği, Anne-Baba Tutumları Envanteri, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Oluşumu Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Pearson Momentler Çarpım Korelasyonu Analizi, t-Testi ve Hiyerarşik Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre kadınların ruminasyon eğiliminin erkeklere göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Kadın örnekleminde, algılanan koruyucu ve otoriter ebeveyn tutumları ile geleneksel toplumsal cinsiyet rolü algıları, ruminasyon eğilimindeki varyansın %17’sini açıklamıştır. Erkek örnekleminde ise algılanan koruyucu ebeveyn tutumları ile geleneksel cinsiyet rolü algıları anlamlı bir regresyon modeli oluşturmuş ve varyansın %10’ununu açıklamıştır. Bulgular ilgili literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve sınırlılıklar temelinde uygulayıcılar ve araştırmacılar için bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
Bacterial Leaf Scorch Caused by Xylella fastidiosa: A Kentucky Survey; A Unique Pathogen; and Bur Oak, A New Host
Authors: Hartman J. R. , Eshenaur B. C. , Jarlfors U. E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBacterial leaf scorch caused byXylella fastidiosawas detected using an ELISA test from 1989 to 1993 in symptomatic pin, red, shingle, and white oak; sycamore; and red maple in 16 Kentucky cities and towns distributed statewide. The disease was also detected in southern Indiana and in Tennessee. Leaf petiole xylem elements of affected trees were partially occluded with bacteria. Examination of the causal agent by electron microscopy revealed bacteria with unusual scalloped or rippled cell walls, typical ofX. fastidiosa. Bacterial leaf scorch was identified for the first time in bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) in Lexington, Kentucky. Symptoms included marginal leaf necrosis, premature leaf browning, and defoliation. The disease was confirmed by detecting the pathogen with an ELISA test and by electron microscopic observation of the causal agent in leaf petiole tissues. Detection of bacterial leaf scorch has now progressed from coastal states to the U.S. interior.
Variable Urban Irradiance and Shade Acclimation in Norway Maple Street Trees
Authors: Kjelgren Roger 
Published: April 2022

AbstractShade acclimation response of Emerald Queen Norway maple street trees to variable irradiance levels in an urban setting was investigated. Specific leaf area, trunk growth, and crown density were measured in thirteen sites ranging from urban canyons in the business core to open exposures in residential areas of Seattle, Washington. Percentage of potential seasonal input of global shortwave radiation for each site was modeled based on the azimuth and elevation angles of the surrounding horizon topography. Building height in the business core reduced estimated potential seasonal irradiance to 27-90% of that for an unobstructed horizon topography, while those outside the business core had 90-95% of potential irradiance. As potential irradiance decreased these maples exhibited growth responses characteristic of shade acclimation in a dose-response pattern. Specific leaf area increased and trunk growth and crown density decreased to acclimated levels between 70-85% of potential irradiance. Shade acclimation did not detract from the appearance or utility of these trees in the urban canyon
Validation of a Tree Failure Evaluation System
Authors: Hickman Gary W. , Perry Ed , Evans Richard 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn 1987, 695 oak trees,Quercus lobataandQ. wizlizeniiwere evaluated using a nine-component rating system. In 1994, the trees were reevaluated to validate the original system in predicting tree failure. Analysis of the results showed that 3 components [decline (vigor), trunk condition and lean] correctly predicted subsequent tree failure or survival. Decline, a relative measure of leaf cover and color, was the most important factor in predicting total tree failure.
Interference Factors Responsible for Resistance of Forb-Grass Cover Types to Tree Invasion on an Electric Utility Right-of-Way
Authors: Bramble W.C. , Byrnes W.R. , Hutnik R.J. , Liscinsky S.A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn investigation of factors responsible for resistance of forb-grass cover types to tree invasion was carried out from 1992 through 1994 on an electric transmission right-of-way (ROW) in central Pennsylvania. Unprotected seedspots and seedspots protected by wire cages were installed on the ROW to investigate the effect of the important interference factors of wildlife depredation, plant competition, and allelopathy. This field study was supplemented by pot culture tests of the effect of plant competition, seedbed condition, and allelopathy on tree seed germination and seedling growth in an environment where wildlife depredation, soil moisture, frost damage, and insect and disease attacks were controlled. The major factors that interfered with tree seed germination and seedling growth were wildlife depredation and plant competition by the dominant plant species of the forbgrass cover type, namely, poverty grass (Danthonia spicata), rough goldenrod (Solidago rugosa), and hayscented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula).
Uma proposta formal para a reanálise do verbo ir no português brasileiro: de lexical a funcional
Authors: Araújo-Adriano Paulo Ângelo de 
Published: April 2022

Muitos linguistas já mostraram que a expressão de futuridade das línguas românicas sofre um processo cíclico, alternando-se ora em uma forma sintética ora em uma forma perifrástica. Isso se deve pela reanálise de algum item que se torna (mais) funcional, substituindo a forma sintética. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho investiga o fenômeno de reanálise do verbo ir com o objetivo de capturar as mudanças sintáticas que esse item sofreu na história do PB. Para tanto, analiso peças teatrais brasileiras do século XVI ao século XXI. Mostro que o verbo ir, inicialmente, comportava-se como verbo lexical, disparando uma leitura de movimento. Mais tarde, sofreu reanálise e passou a ser funcional, apresentando propriedades de auxiliar. A inovação deste trabalho é mostrar que o verbo ir não sofreu reanálise diretamente para veicular futuridade, um evento em potência. Ao contrário, parece ter havido um estágio anterior nesse processo, em que ir veicula prospecção, isto é, uma ação que ocorre imediatamente após a fala. Assumindo Roberts e Roussou (2003) e Roberts (2007), proponho que de lexical a funcional, duas consequências sintáticas emergiram: perda de traços formais e lexicalização ascendente das projeções funcionais. Assim, este estudo apresenta uma proposta formal explicativa para a reanálise do verbo ir no PB.
Relevansi Niali Pajak Tangguhan
Authors: Meiden Carmel , Himmawati Utia 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris relevansi nilai atas informasi pajak tangguhan. Untuk menguji hipotesis tersebut, digunakan uji regresi berganda mengikuti model Ohlson dan menggunakan purposive judgment sampling sehingga diperoleh sampel penelitian sebanyak 209 perusahaan yang terdaftar pada BEI selama periode 2014-2018. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa baik aset pajak tangguhan, liabilitas pajak tangguhan dan pajak tangguhan bersih secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Dengan kesimpulan bahwa pajak tangguhan memiliki relevansi nilai, namun investor bereaksi negatif terhadap pajak tangguhan.
Kata kunci: Relevansi nilai, pajak tangguhan
Abstract: This study aims to test empirically the relevance of information deferred tax values. . To test these hypotheses, multiple regression is used following the model ohlson and using purposive judgment sampling to obtain a sample of 209 companies listed on the IDX during the 2014-2018 period. This study found that both deferred tax assets, deferred tax liabilities and net deferred taxes together have a significant effect on firm value. With the conclusion that deferred tax has value relevance, but investors react negatively to deferred tax.
Keywords: Value relevance, deferred tax
Praktik Perataan Laba dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhinya
Authors: Hendra Hendra , Rowena Janny 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris mengenai pengaruh profitabilitas, ukuran perusahaan dan financial leverage terhadap praktik perataan laba pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2016-2018. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa informasi keuangan dari laporan keuangan serta laporan tahunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 69 perusahaan industri manufaktur yang telah diseleksi melalui metode purposive sampling dengan total 207 data selama tiga tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi logistik dalam menguji hubungan antara variabel dependen dan independen. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan program IBM SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh terhadap praktik perataan laba, sementara profitabilitas dan financial leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik perataan laba.

Kata kunci: Perataan Laba, Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Financial Leverage.

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effects of profitability, firm size, and financial leverage on income smoothing at manufacturing firms listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period of 2016-2018. The data used in this research was secondary data in the form of financial information from the financial statements and annual reports. There were 69 samples of manufacturing companies that have been previously selected using purposive sampling method with total of 207 data for three years. Binary Logistic Regression was used in analyzing the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This research data was processed using IBM SPSS 23. Results shows that firm size, has a significant influence on the practice of income smoothing, while profitability and financial leverage has no significant influence on the practice of income smoothing.

Keywords: Income Smoothing, firm size, profitability, financial leverage.
Agresivitas Pajak dan Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhinya
Authors: Rahman Huda Aulia 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh transfer pricing, profitabilitas, capital intensity, beban iklan, dan gender diversity terhadap agresivitas pajak. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sektor manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2017-2019. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu 98 perusahaan sektor manufaktur yang dipilih berdasarkan metode purposive sampling. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif, dengan analisis regresi data panel. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu profitabilitas berpengaruh positif terhadap agresivitas pajak, capital intensity berpengaruh negatif terhadap agresivitas pajak, sedangkan transfer pricing, beban iklan, dan gender diversity tidak berpengaruh terhadap agresivitas pajak.
Kata kunci: Agresivitas Pajak, Beban Iklan, Capital Intensity, Gender Diversity, Profitabilitas, Transfer Pricing
Family Functioning and Moral Reasoning Among Early Adolescence
Authors: Syahira Salsabila , Qudsyi Hazhira 
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to test empirically correlation between family functioning and moral reasoning in early adolescents. This research was carried out on 143 primary high-school students in Balikpapan. This research used a quantitative approach with moral reasoning scale and family functioning scale to measure variables. Result of data analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between family functioning and moral reasoning. And for the analysis between family functioning and each dimension of moral reasoning, the results were no correlation between family functioning and pre-conventional moral reasoning, family functioning correlate with conventional moral reasoning, and no correlation between family functioning and post-conventional moral reasoning.
Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES
Authors: Henze Dean , Noone David , Toohey Darin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract. This paper presents aircraft in situ measurements of water concentration and heavy water isotope ratios D/H and 18O/16O during the
NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES)
project. The aircraft measurement system is also presented. The dataset is
unique in that (1) it contains both total water and cloud condensed water isotope
ratios; (2) it spans sufficient space and time to enable construction of
spatially resolved climatology of isotope ratios in the lower troposphere;
and (3) it is paired with a wealth of complementary measurements on
atmospheric thermodynamic, chemical, aerosol, and radiative properties.
Aircraft sampling took place in the southeast Atlantic marine boundary layer
and lower troposphere (Equator to 22∘ S) over the months of September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018. Isotope measurements were made using cavity
ring-down spectroscopic analyzers integrated into the Water Isotope System
for Precipitation and Entrainment Research (WISPER). From an isotope
perspective, the 300+ h of 1 Hz in situ data at levels in the
atmosphere ranging from 70 m to 7 km represents a remarkably large and
vertically resolved dataset. This paper provides a brief overview of the
ORACLES mission and describes how water vapor heavy isotope ratios fit
within the experimental design. Overviews of the sampling region and
sampling strategy are presented, followed by the WISPER system setup and
calibration details. The three data formats available to the users are each
covered (latitude–altitude curtains, individual vertical profiles, and
time series), with illustrative examples to highlight some features of the
dataset and provide a plausibility check. The curtains and profiles
demonstrate the dataset's potential to provide a comprehensive perspective
on moisture transport and isotopic content in this region. Finally,
measurement uncertainties are provided. Curtain and vertical profile data
for all sampling periods can be accessed at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748368 (see Henze et al., 2022). Time series
data for the September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018 sampling periods can be
accessed at
https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3,
https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3, and
https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/ P3/2018_V3,
respectively (see references for ORACLES Science Team, 2020a–c, 2016 P3 data,
2017 P3 data, and 2018 P3 data).