bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le cheminement de l’électricité au cœur du système nerveux, 1746-1791 : entre explorations et thérapeutique
Authors: Cherici Céline 
Published: October 2022

À partir de 1746, se développe un savoir de l’électricité, tant au niveau de ses lois que de ses applications, sur les corps organisés, parmi lesquels le corps humain est classé conducteur en 1729. Entre 1752 et 1791, les applications thérapeutiques de l’électricité se déplacent d’une part, du champ de la physique vers une médecine exploratoire ; d’autre part, de ses tentatives pour soigner la paralysie vers la prise en charge des troubles nerveux et mentaux. Si les neurosciences désignent les explorations du système nerveux, tant du point de vue de sa structure que de son fonctionnement, il semble bien qu’on puisse identifier une telle rupture épistémologique, au niveau des techniques et de la double poussée philosophique, matérialiste et vitaliste, au cœur des explorations électrophysiologiques du cerveau humain, à la fin du xviii e siècle. C’est en tout cas cette hypothèse que nous allons questionner dans le présent article. 1
Maladie et notion de changement de fonction des microzymas chez Antoine Béchamp (1816-1908)
Authors: Koné Yacouba 
Published: October 2022

La théorie des microzymas a tenté de « réconcilier » les spontéparistes et les panspermistes à partir des propriétés des microzymas. Béchamp établit le lien entre le pouvoir rotatoire du sucre de canne et le développement des moisissures. L’élaboration de la théorie physiologique de la fermentation lui permet de rejeter l’hypothèse des naissances spontanées tout en critiquant la pathogénie du modèle pastorien. Pour lui, la maladie n’est pas une notion définitivement constituée. Elle n’erre pas dans l’atmosphère à travers les germes en attente de trouver un hôte. Mais elle fait partie de nous . Les microzymas ont des fonctions chimiques et physiologiques soumises aux influences du milieu. Suivant ces influences, ils peuvent évoluer en bactéries, et inversement les bactéries peuvent régresser en microzymas normaux.
Vers une hybridation idéologique au sein de l’armée turque ?
Authors: Kaya Sümbül 
Published: October 2022

L’article porte sur les changements idéologiques en cours au sein de l’armée turque, en analysant le rôle central joué dans ce processus par les réformes organisationnelles post-2016. La mise en conformité idéologique des armées avec le gouvernement de l’AKP se traduit notamment par une institutionnalisation graduelle de l’islam au sein des Forces Armées. Nous soulignons ainsi les changements dans le quotidien des forces armées : prières, takbir, fin de certaines discriminations, place nouvelle accordée à la piété. Pour autant, cette place nouvelle de l’islam au sein de l’armée ne signifie pas une rupture totale avec l’héritage nationaliste kémaliste, qui perdure notamment dans les formations. Cette institutionnalisation, si elle est le fruit d’une pratique autoritaire du pouvoir, doit également se comprendre comme la déconstruction d’une armée jugée trop kémaliste, au profit d’une convergence vers les valeurs et les pratiques religieuses de la majorité.
Une aide alimentaire apolitique ? Formes de (dé)politisation ordinaire au sein d’épiceries sociales en France et en Belgique
Authors: Beurois Tom 
Published: October 2022

À partir d’une démarche ethnographique menée dans deux épiceries sociales et solidaires implantées en quartier populaire à Molenbeek en Belgique et à Saint-Pierre-des-Corps en France, cet article cherche à analyser les formes de (dé)politisation qui s’y déploient. Ces deux associations proposent une aide sous la forme d’un magasin où des produits alimentaires sont vendus à faible coût. Ces dispositifs reposent sur le travail de salarié·es, de personnes « mises à l’emploi » dans le cadre de contrats « d’insertion » et celui de bénévoles, dont certain·es sont ou ont été catégorisé·es comme « bénéficiaires » par ces associations. Dans un premier temps, l’article montre que les espaces informels constituent des lieux de politisation des échanges et cherche à analyser les ressorts de ce processus. Les personnes rencontrées évoquent des enjeux liés à l’alimentation et à la consommation, aux rapports quotidiens avec les administrations et aux discriminations. La façon dont la mise en place de l’aide alimentaire peut aussi engager des principes ordinaires de justice chez les personnes chargées de la mettre en œuvre est ensuite analysée.
La reconfiguration des rapports de pouvoir épistémique au cœur des processus d’apprentissage de la démocratie communicative
Authors: Roy Alex 
Published: October 2022

Dans une perspective interactionniste, cet article analyse la reconfiguration des rapports de pouvoir épistémique qui s’exerce dans la méthodologie du « croisement des savoirs » du mouvement de lutte contre la pauvreté ATD Quart Monde. Cette méthodologie favorise un double processus d’apprentissage de la démocratie communicative – l’ empowerment des personnes en situation de pauvreté, le disempowerment des fonctionnaires – débouchant sur un empowerment collectif.
Effect of Room Temperature and Refrigerated Storage on Automated Complete Blood Count
Authors: Jaya Anu , Kakkar Naveen , John MJoseph 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
Delay in complete blood count (CBC) analysis is likely in laboratories with very high workload or when the samples are collected off site for testing in centralized laboratories. This research was done to study the stability of blood cell parameters in automated CBC at the room temperature (20°C–24°C) storage after 24 h and refrigerated (2°C–8°C) storage after 24 and 48 h.

Materials and Methods:
Automated CBC was done initially on 500 randomly selected blood samples in a 3-part hematology analyzer. Of these, 250 samples were stored at the room temperature (20°C–24°C), and the rest were refrigerated at 2°C–8°C. Re-analysis after 24 h was done for both groups. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and repeated-measure ANOVA.

Results:
Refrigerated samples stored at 2°C–8°C showed good stability for all hematological parameters (P > 0.5), except for mean platelet volume (MPV) in comparison with those at the room temperature storage. MPV showed a statistically significant (P < 0.001) rise on refrigerated storage. In the room temperature storage group, hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, MPV, and granulocyte percentage showed significant difference compared to the initial values. In the extended 48 h refrigerated storage group, all CBC parameters except Hct showed acceptable stability.

Conclusion:
The storage of blood samples at the room temperature and on refrigeration (2°C–8°C) for 24 h has shown acceptable stability of most of the automated CBC parameters. Refrigeration retained the true values over the room temperature storage and should be recommended if a delay in testing is expected.
Determinants of interpregnancy intervals among women in rural communities in Delta State, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ahuru Rolle Remi , Omon Iseghohi Judith , Efegbere Henry Akpojubaro 
Published: October 2022

Aim:
To guarantee safe motherhood, women are advised to adequately space their deliveries. The World Health Organization advocated for a birth interval between 3 and 5 years, yet closed birth spacing continues to be a problem in Nigeria, resulting in poor infant, child, and maternal health. This study explored the determinants of three classes of birth interval (too short, adequate, and too long) among 534 women drawn from three rural communities in Delta State, Southern Nigeria.

Methods:
The study is an analytical cross-sectional household survey which used a pretested structured questionnaire to elicit information from 534 women in their homes. Extracted data were analyzed with Stata version 13.0. Frequency and simple proportion were used to describe the characteristics of the women. Bivariate analysis was undertaken to show the association between birth intervals and various sociodemographic factors. Determinants of birth interval were measured by multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The mean maternal age is 35.3 years (standard deviation = 7.3 years). According to the results, 74.2% (396/354) of the women reported short birth interval (<24 months), 13.7% (73/534) reported adequate birth interval, and 12.2% (65/534) reported too long birth interval. According to the multivariate logistic regression, short birth interval is significantly influenced by education, media exposure, use of contraceptive, unmet need of contraceptive, and age at marriage. Adequate birth interval is determined by education and unmet need of contraceptive. Long birth interval is predicted by education and ideal birth spacing.

Conclusion:
In order to encourage adequate birth spacing, education and employment opportunities should be expanded for women in the study area, and the use of modern contraceptive should be encouraged.
How Do Urban Slum Women Manage Excessive Vaginal Discharge? A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sumudrika Ilankoon Ilankoon Mudiyanselage Prasanthi , Evangeline Goonewardena Christine Sampatha , Fernandopulle Rukshan Cleophas , Rasika Perera Poruthotage Pradeep 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Abnormal vaginal discharge (VD), which is a recurring problem for most of the women at reproductive age, is a good predictor for many gynecological morbidities. Many women constantly neglect abnormal VD because of the prevailing “culture of silence.” Women who live in urban slum are vulnerable to many unhealthy practices and have a high prevalence of reproductive tract infection, especially sexually transmitted infections. Hence, this study aimed to describe urban slum women' understanding, attitudes, and related practices for abnormal VD.

Materials and Methods:
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 550 women living in urban slum in the Colombo Municipal Council area, Colombo District, Sri Lanka, during September 2015–March 2016. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used. A validated, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from females. Data were analyzed using descriptive and relevant inferential statistics (Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance).

Results:
The mean age of the women was 32.51 (standard deviation [SD] ±7.94) years. The mean knowledge score was 29.18 (SD ± 8.68). Most of the women (97.1%) had inadequate level of knowledge (<50%). A significant association was observed between the knowledge score levels with the participants' educational level (P = 0.00). Major areas of knowledge deficit include causes for pathological VD and reproductive tract infections. Majority (95.9%) agreed that abnormal VD should be taken seriously but from the women who accepted (78.2%) that VD has ever been a concern to them, only 59% had consulted a general practitioner. There was a significant relationship with having accompanying symptoms such as burning sensation and lower abdominal pain and consulting a general practitioner (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Culture-specific health education intervention measures need to be targeted in order to improve their knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward VD.
Association of Hand Grip Muscle Strength and Endurance with Pulmonary Function Tests in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Bhattacharjya Jolly 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Modern society is creating a severe threat to the health. Such as physical inactivity leading to muscle weakness, air pollution causing respiratory distress etc. But the relationship between hand grip muscle strength (HGS) and pulmonary function is not clear. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate is there any association of handgrip muscle strength and endurance with pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters in healthy young adults.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 80 healthy volunteers of 18–21 years of age had participated. PFT was done using portable spirometer. For measurement of muscle strength and endurance, handgrip dynamometer was used. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 26 software. Mean was calculated for the general characteristics. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze the association of handgrip muscle strength and various indices of pulmonary function.

Results:
In this study (47), 58.8% were male and (33) 41.3% were female. Muscle strength, endurance, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow in 1 s (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were significantly higher in males than females. There were significantly positive correlation of handgrip muscle strength with FVC (r = 0.522**, P = 0.000) and FEV1 (r = 0.486**, P = 0.000). Muscle endurance was significantly positively correlated with FVC (r = 0.397**, P = 0.000), FEV1 (r = 0.438**, P = 0.000) and PEFR (r = 0.221*, P = 0.049).

Conclusions:
Hence, it can be concluded that there is a positive correlation of handgrip muscle strength and endurance with pulmonary function. Hence, HGS can also be used to predict pulmonary function.
Perception and Practices of Homemakers Regarding Extra Salt Consumption in Tripura
Authors: Datta Anjan , Karmakar Nabarun , Nag Kaushik , Bhattacharjee Partha 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
India has diverse dietary culture where salt and spices are used extensively, but up-to-date figures on population salt consumption are very limited.

Objectives:
The objective of this study is to assess the perception and practices of females doing household cooking regarding extra salt consumption and to have a rural–urban comparison on a specified population.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 homemakers residing in a rural and urban (Madhupur, Sepahijala district and Dukli, West Tripura district, respectively) area of Tripura for a period of 6 months. A predesigned, pretested, semi-structured interview schedule divided into two parts was used to collect the required information, and scores were given for each response regarding perception and practice of the participants.

Results:
The mean age of the respondents was 38.48 ± 14.063 years and 37.30 ± 12.087 years, respectively, for rural and urban areas, and both the populations were comparable in their baseline characteristics. Majority of the participants believed recommended daily salt consumption per person daily was >5–10 g (62.9% of rural and 59.6% of the urban participants) which was too high, and significant difference (P value 0.002) was found in practice regarding extra salt consumption among rural and urban participants.

Conclusion:
This study revealed good perception and significantly better practice regarding extra salt consumption among the urban population. Social caste in the rural population and socioeconomic status in both the study groups were the factors responsible for extra salt consumption in this study.
Patient Activation Measure among Transfusion-Dependent Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Badawi Maha A. , Alkhamesi Sultan M. , Alsulaimani Dana S. , Khodary Aseel , Almutairi Khulud A. , Alsolaimani Roaa S. , Al-Najjar Salwa A. 
Published: October 2022

CONTEXT:
Patient's sense of control over their disease management (patient activation) is reported to be associated with better disease outcomes in many chronic conditions.

AIMS:
The aim of this study is to assess patient activation levels among adult transfusion-dependent patients with hemoglobinopathies. The secondary aims were to determine whether the level of patient activation is associated with different disease outcomes and whether an association exists between higher levels of activation and specific patient characteristics.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
Participants were recruited from the day-care unit in the period between November 2019 and April 2021. Patients who agreed to participate were asked to provide demographic and socioeconomic data and complete the patient activation measure (PAM-10) in Arabic. Hospital records were reviewed for the retrieval of clinical data.

RESULTS:
The total number of participants was 84. The mean PAM score was 52.90 ± 10. Of all the participants, 21 (25%) had very low levels of activation (Level 1), 38 (45.2%) were categorized as Level 2, 21 (25%) were categorized as Level 3, while 4 (4.8%) were categorized as Level 4 (highest activation level). Disease outcomes were not different among patients by level of patient activation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results show that transfusion-dependent patients with hemoglobinopathies have low levels of activation. No association was found between patient activation and clinical disease outcomes.
Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: AlFawaz Ibrahim , Alhejaili Amal , Siddiqui Khawar , Ayas Mouhab 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disorder leading to destruction of tissues as well as causing lesions in the body. LCH can be self-limiting to disseminated life threatening.

OBJECTIVES:
We wanted to review data on presentation and outcome of our treatment efforts on patients with LCH diagnosed and treated at our institution.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
In this retrospective study involving 75 pediatric patients with LCH diagnosed between 1998 and 2018, we evaluated clinicopathological features, laboratory findings, treatment modalities and outcome.

RESULTS:
In males median age at the time of diagnosis was 2.4 years. The median follow up was 63+/- 7.9 months. The most common presenting symptom was a bone lesion-related symptom. 57.3% were above 2 years of age at presentation while 38.7% below 2 years of age. 53% of cases had multisystem disease at diagnosis. Liver found to be most common organ involved. Treatment consisted of observation, surgery or chemotherapy. Vinblastine with steroid was the most common used chemotherapy regimen. 3 patients with progressive refractory disease underwent stem cell transplantation.

CONCLUSION:
Overall survival was significantly lower in patients with liver involvement.
Frequency of Sickle Cell Hemoglobin in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Received in a Centralized Laboratory
Authors: Alam Hareem , Ali Natasha 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Sickle cell disease and its variants result from an abnormal hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HbS), caused by a single point mutation in the Beta-Globin gene. Hypoxia causes polymerization and distortion of Hb S containing red blood cells resulting in sickle crisis and hemolytic anemia. Common diagnostic methods include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The purpose of this research is to determine the frequency of sickle cell hemoglobin in HPLC samples and its geographical distribution in Pakistan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Data was collected from the samples received from 1st February 2020 to 31st January 2021. Proforma included demography, complete blood count parameters, and variants of sickle cell disease which were extracted from hospital records. Analysis was done using the SPSS (version 26).

RESULTS:
Out of 14,740 samples, 295 (2%) revealed HbS. These patients had a mean age of 14.2 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The samples were received from Baluchistan (43%), followed by Sindh (32.1%), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (16%), and Punjab (8.9%). Mean hemoglobin was 8.6 ± 2.6 g/dl, lowest and highest were 2.4 g/dl and 16.9 g/dl, respectively. Sickle cell trait was found in 21.3% of the patients, homozygous HbSS in 27.7%, sickle beta thalassemia in 30.8%, 4.4% were compound heterozygotes for Hb S and Hb D, whereas 15.5% were posttransfusion samples.

CONCLUSION:
Our analysis showed that the highest frequency was of sickle beta thalassemia and other variants being low. This study also proved it to be more prevalent in Baluchistan with relatively high male preponderance.
Survival Outcomes of Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Aljudaibi Lujain Talib , Bayoumy Mohamed Salaheldin , Altrabolsi Hassan A. , Alzaydi Abdullah M. , Aldajani Nawaf , Hammad Nadia , Alzahrani Ismail , Elhadidy Marwa , Abosoudah Ibraheem F. 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND:
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) increases demand on Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) and survival outcomes has emerged as an area of interest in HSCT research.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to estimate the incidence and survival outcomes, and identify variables associated with survival amongst HSCT patients:

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Patients aged ≤15 years transplanted during January 2016 to December 2019 and requiring PICU admission(s). Statistical analysis involved calculating incidence of PICU admission, 2-year overall survival using Kaplan-Meier method; univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis performed to identify factors associated with outcomes and P-value of <0.05 considered significant.

RESULTS:
Total of 130 patients underwent 150 HSCT, 31 (24%) of patients required 50 PICU admissions, discharge following PICU admission was observed in 36 (72%) admission episodes, while 14 (28%) associated with patient demise. Two- year Overall Survival (OS) amongst HSCT patients requiring PICU admission was 58% compared to 96.6% amongst patients not requiring PICU (P<0.001). subgroup analysis of cases with malignant disorders and non-malignant disorders showed similar results (P<0.001). Univariate analysis revealed reduced intensity conditioning, no engraftment at the time of PICU admission, and sepsis associated with decreased survival, however multivariate analysis revealed sepsis as the single independent prognostic factor for decreased survival. Our study reports 24% incidence of PICU admission amongst patients undergoing HSCT with a 28% mortality rate following PICU admission.

CONCLUSION:
Sepsis identified as the single prognostic factor associated with decreased survival. Therefore, efforts to optimize early identification and management of sepsis in the high-acuity setting of pediatric HSCT is warranted
Algunos aspectos deontológicos en la cobertura de informaciones científicas Estudio de caso: “Crisis volcánica” del Teide
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Víctor Manuel 
Published: October 2022

El artículo es el resultado de un trabajo de investigación enfocado en algunos aspectos deontológicos del periodismo científico. En primer lugar hace una revisión teórica sobre ciencia, periodismo, divulgación, internet y periodismo científico incluyendo algunas reflexiones sobre los principios deontológicos en el tratamiento de las fuentes informativas en las informaciones sobre ciencia y tecnología. Estos planteamientos sirven de base para la investigación en donde se plantea un análisis de la cobertura informativa sobre una presunta “crisis volcánica” en el Teide durante los ańos 2004-2005 realizada por el diario digital tinerfeńo El Día. El trabajo requirió la revisión del material publicado en este diario y el posterior análisis de contenido a partir de las categorías establecidas. Se utilizó la versión digital con la finalidad de visualizar el alcance de las informaciones publicadas, además de ser cotejadas con su versión impresa, de cobertura local pero dirigido al público más afectado por las informaciones. Los resultados ofrecen algunos cuestionamientos sobre la forma cómo se realiza la cobertura informativa en un tema de interés local, nacional e internacional por las repercusiones que en el ámbito social, económico y turístico (principal sector industrial de Tenerife) puede tener este tipo de noticias.