bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of specific bioactive collagen peptides on function and muscle remodeling during human resistance training
Authors: Balshaw Thomas G. , Funnell Mark P. , McDermott Emmet , Maden‐Wilkinson Thomas M. , Abela Sean , Quteishat Btool , Edsey Max , James Lewis J. , Folland Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimBioactive collagen peptides (CP) have been suggested to augment the functional, structural (size and architecture), and contractile adaptations of skeletal muscle to resistance training (RT), but with limited evidence. This study aimed to determine if CP vs. placebo (PLA) supplementation enhanced the functional and underpinning structural, and contractile adaptations after 15 weeks of lower body RT.MethodsYoung healthy males were randomized to consume either 15 g of CP (n = 19) or PLA (n = 20) once every day during a standardized program of progressive knee extensor, knee flexor, and hip extensor RT 3 times/wk. Measurements pre‐ and post‐RT included: knee extensor and flexor isometric strength; quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteus maximus volume with MRI; evoked twitch contractions, 1RM lifting strength, and architecture (with ultrasound) of the quadriceps.ResultsPercentage changes in maximum strength (isometric or 1RM) did not differ between‐groups (0.684 ≤ p ≤ 0.929). Increases in muscle volume were greater (quadriceps 15.2% vs. 10.3%; vastus medialis (VM) 15.6% vs. 9.7%; total muscle volume 15.7% vs. 11.4%; [all] p ≤ 0.032) or tended to be greater (hamstring 16.5% vs. 12.8%; gluteus maximus 16.6% vs. 12.9%; 0.089 ≤ p ≤ 0.091) for CP vs. PLA. There were also greater increases in twitch peak torque (22.3% vs. 12.3%; p = 0.038) and angle of pennation of the VM (16.8% vs. 5.8%, p = 0.046), but not other muscles, for CP vs. PLA.ConclusionsCP supplementation produced a cluster of consistent effects indicating greater skeletal muscle remodeling with RT compared to PLA. Notably, CP supplementation amplified the quadriceps and total muscle volume increases induced by RT.
Hepatitis B virus haplotype number at baseline is a predictive marker of functional cure during antiviral therapy for patients with genotypes A and D HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Wagner Josef , Yuen Lilly , Littlejohn Margaret , Sozzi Vitina , Jackson Kathy , Martin Ross , Aeschbacher Thomas , Suri Vithika , Tan Susanna K. , Feierbach Becket , Gaggar Anuj , Marcellin Patrick , Buti Ferret Maria , Janssen Harry L. A. , Gane Ed , Meagher Niamh , Price David J. , Wong Darren , Thompson Alexander T. , Revill Peter A. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBackgrounds and AimsWe investigated associations between hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome‐length haplotype number (HN) at baseline in subjects with HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and the likelihood of achieving functional cure during direct‐acting antiviral therapyMethodWe analysed 86 HBeAg‐positive baseline samples from patients with HBV genotypes A and D who were enrolled in a Phase II trial of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to determine if HN was a biomarker of HBsAg loss during therapy. Findings were validated using baseline samples from 181 patients with HBV genotypes A and D from an independent clinical trial utilising TDF or tenofovir alafenamide therapy in HBeAg‐positive CHB.ResultsIn the HBeAg‐positive test cohort, patients with genotypes A or D and ≤2 haplotypes had a minimum of 21‐fold higher likelihood of achieving HBsAg loss on TDF. Baseline HN (p < 0.0001) was a stronger predictor of HBsAg loss on therapy than HBsAg titre (p = 0.03), HBeAg titre (p = 0.0002), or the presence of HBV basal core promoter (A1762T, p = 0.0379 and G1764A, p = 0.0176) or G1896A precore mutations (p = 0.0218). This finding was validated in the independent validation cohort. HN was statistically higher in patients with HBV genotypes B or C infection compared to genotypes A and D.ConclusionBaseline HN ≤2 predicts which patients with HBV genotypes A or D will more likely progress to functional cure on current direct‐acting antiviral therapy, with greater accuracy than current biomarkers including baseline HBsAg and HBeAg titre.
Systematic review: the role of frailty in advanced chronic liver disease
Authors: Bowers Sarah P. , Brennan Paul N. , Dillon John F. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBackgroundFrailty is a known predictor of outcome and mortality in patients undergoing liver transplantation. However, most patients remain unsuitable transplant candidates. It is not yet known if the assessment of frailty in non‐transplant candidates can aid prognostication.AimTo collate and interrogate the various frailty tools presently used to predict mortality in the non‐transplant cirrhosis setting.MethodsA comprehensive review of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases for articles published from inception to March 2022 was undertaken, excluding those where patients underwent transplantation or had hepatocellular carcinoma.ResultsWe identified 12 observational cohort studies, featuring 9 frailty indices. These were from various global healthcare settings and of fair or good quality. Most were objective tools utilising clinician‐based assessments. All frailty scores predicted prognosis, with variability in the method of application, and utilisation in long‐ or short‐term mortality. Three studies directly compared different indices in the same population. There was some evidence that simple tools could perform as well, if not better, than more complex, time‐consuming scores.ConclusionsVarious frailty tools can reproducibly evaluate mortality in patients with cirrhosis who are ineligible for transplant. However, further prospective head‐to‐head comparative studies are needed. In addition to determining model utility, studies should focus on important relative considerations which may limit widespread implementation including, ease of use and limited resources, given the global disparity of liver care provision. These tools may positively identify specific patient cohorts at risk of impending deterioration, thereby stratifying those patients likely to benefit from early integration with palliative care.
Interrupted interviews: Learning from young people's lived environments in Lebanon
Authors: Sender Hannah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper I explore the possibility that interruptions in in situ interviews can support understandings of power and social relations in research. I base my discussion on an extract from a study of young people's experiences of rapid urbanisation in Central Beqaa, Lebanon. The extract is from an interview with a young man who was continually interrupted by his mother. I problematise a tendency to silence these interruptions in the research process by considering how interruptions can reveal the social architecture in which young people are embedded.
Advantages of preoperative counseling with video for robotic rectal cancer surgery compared with conventional counseling: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kasai Shunsuke , Yamauchi Shinichi , Tazawa Miyako , Takaoka Ayumi , Hanaoka Marie , Iwata Noriko , Masuda Taiki , Tokunaga Masanori , Kinugasa Yusuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeSurgeons should provide patients with appropriate explanations before surgery and obtain informed consent. However, this process requires time and effort and can be a great burden. The purpose of this study was to compare preoperative counseling with video (VC) and conventional counseling (CC) for rectal cancer patients.MethodsRectal cancer patients indicated for surgery were included between April 2021 and March 2022, and eligible patients were randomly assigned to the CC and VC groups. The primary outcomes were the comprehension, satisfaction, and anxiety levels, and the secondary outcome was the preoperative counseling time. This exploratory study protocol was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000038133).ResultsWe included 13 patients in the CC group and 17 in the VC group. All eligible patients were scheduled for robotic rectal cancer surgery. There were no significant differences between the two groups, including patients' general condition, preoperative diagnosis, and planned procedures. Although the comprehension, satisfaction, and anxiety test scores were not significantly different between the groups, the preoperative counseling time was significantly shorter in the VC group than in the CC group (20 vs. 35 minutes, P = .002). A 4‐year college degree significantly increased the counseling time, whereas VC significantly decreased it.ConclusionUsing videos in preoperative counseling for rectal cancer patients is useful. This novel method could reduce the burden on surgeons during preoperative counseling in the era of robotic surgery and work style reforms.
Potential drug–drug interactions due to concomitant medicine use among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Australia
Authors: de Oliveira Costa Juliana , Lau Stella , Medland Nicholas , Gibbons Sara , Schaffer Andrea L. , Pearson Sallie‐Anne 
Published: November 2022

AimsWe quantified concomitant medicine use and occurrence of potential drug–drug interactions in people living with HIV in Australia who are treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsIn this cohort study using dispensing claims of a 10% random sample of Australians, we identified 2230 people dispensed ART between January 2018 and December 2019 (mean age 49.0 years, standard deviation 12.0 years, 88% male). We examined concomitant medicine use by identifying nontopical medicines dispensed within 90‐days of any antiretroviral medicine dispensing during a 12‐month follow‐up period. For every antiretroviral and nonantiretroviral pair, we identified and classified possible drug–drug interactions using the University of Liverpool HIV drug interactions database.ResultsA total of 1728 (78%) people were dispensed at least 1 and 633 (28%) 5 or more unique medicines in addition to ART in a 12‐month period; systemic anti‐infectives and medicines acting on the nervous system were the most common (68% and 56%, respectively). Among comedicated people, 1637 (95%) had at least 1 medicine combination classified as weak interactions, 558 (32%) interactions requiring close monitoring/dose adjustment and 94 (5%) that should not be coadministered. Contraindication or interactions requiring close monitoring/dose adjustment were more common among people receiving protease inhibitors (50–73% across different antiretrovirals), non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (35–64%), people using single‐tablet combinations containing elvitegravir (30–46%) and those using tenofovir disoproxil (26–30%).ConclusionConcomitant medicine use is widespread among people living with HIV in Australia. Despite a relatively low prevalence of contraindicated medicines, almost a third received medicines that require close monitoring or dose adjustment.
Artesunate inhibits osteoclast differentiation by inducing ferroptosis and prevents iron overload‐induced bone loss
Authors: Jin Yuanqing , Wu Shuguang , Zhang Lingyan , Yao Gang , Zhao Hai , Qiao Penghai , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArtemisinin compounds have been demonstrated to have anti‐osteoporosis effects by inhibiting bone resorption. During osteoclast differentiation, osteoclasts take up a large amount of iron through transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) mediated endocytosis of transferrin (Tf). Since iron‐dependent cleavage of endoperoxide bridge is of great importance for the antimalarial effects of artemisinin compounds, we raised a hypothesis that the cytotoxic effects of artemisinin compounds on osteoclasts were associated with enhanced iron uptake. In the present study, we found that Tf aggravated the inhibitory effects of artesunate (ART) on osteoclast viability and differentiation. ART induced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4‐hydroxynonenal (4‐HNE) in a dose‐dependent manner and led to the appearance of mitochondrial features of ferroptotic cells. TfR1 knockdown alleviated these cytotoxic effects of ART on osteoclasts. In addition, ART effectively prevented bone loss induced by iron overload. Our results indicate that ART inhibits iron‐uptake stimulated osteoclast differentiation by inducing ferroptosis. Artemisinin compounds are potential drugs for treating iron overload‐induced osteoporosis.
Being a patient among other patients: Refugees' political inclusion through the Austrian solidarity‐based healthcare system
Authors: Spahl Wanda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper is an empirical study of what solidarity in a Western European healthcare system means today. Drawing upon empirical research on the 2015 refugee cohort's health needs and their health‐seeking behaviour, it unites claims from the literature on solidarity in the fields of migration and healthcare. I argue that the Austrian healthcare system not only is an example of ‘civic solidarity’ in the form of institutionalised obligations to citizens but that it also enacts political forms of solidarity and produces political inclusion for marginalised groups such as refugees. My findings show that being entitled to and accessing services in the healthcare system holds meaning beyond the provision of care: It enables to act autonomously, to build familiar relationships with Austrian institutions, inclusion via the personal electronic health card and to support others in the same solidaristic system. These insights can be used to raise awareness about the inclusional function of healthcare services among practitioners. They also show how solidarity‐based healthcare systems can be a motor for shaping positive relationships between immigrants and the host country, and point to additional modes of solidarity in the context of forced migration next to civil society and nonstate support structures. This paper builds upon ethnographic data that were collected between 2018 and 2020 in Vienna, Austria (observational notes before, during and after medical consultations with refugees; interviews with them; interviews with healthcare practitioners and other care providers).
Partager et occuper l'espace public d'un quartier gentrifié : lecture de Jacques Rancière
Authors: Sénécal Gilles Gaston 
Published: November 2022

RésuméCet article propose, en s'appuyant, sur les concepts et les méthodes du philosophe Jacques Rancière, de concevoir le processus de gentrification comme une scène de partage et de mésentente. Scène sur laquelle se produit le paradoxe d'un accès contraint au logement et d'une occupation partagée de l'espace public. Trois termes concepts de Jacques Rancière nous aident à circonscrire la scène de la mésentente d'embourgeoisement, soit le partage du sensible, l'égalité des intelligences et le dissensus.
Design and biological characterization of a series of dual mechanism ERK1/2 inhibitors with a Triazolopyridinone core
Authors: Lotfaliansaremi Sajedeh , Cornwell Stephen , Casillas Candice , Sabio Michael , Tolias Peter , Windsor William , Paliwal Sunil 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOncology clinical development programs have targeted the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway with small molecule inhibitors for a variety of cancers during the past decades, and most therapies have shown limited or minimal success. Specific BRAF and MEK inhibitors have shown clinical efficacy in patients for the treatment of BRAF‐mutant melanoma. However, most cancers have shown treatment resistance after several months of inhibitor usage, and reports indicate resistance is often associated with the reactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway. It is widely accepted that an effective MAPK therapy will have a significant impact on curtailing cancer growth and improving patient survival. However, despite more than three decades of intense research and pharmaceutical industry efforts, an FDA‐approved, effective anti‐cancer ERK inhibitor has yet to be developed. Here, we present the design, optimization, and biological characterization of ERK1/2 inhibitors that block catalytic phosphorylation of downstream substrates such as RSK but also modulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK without directly inhibiting MEK. Our series of dual mechanism ERK1/2 inhibitors, in which we incorporated a triazolopyridinone core, may present potential benefits for enhancing efficacy and addressing the emergence of treatment resistance.
Children as co‐researchers in pandemic times: Power and participation in the use of digital dialogues with children during the COVID‐19 lockdown
Authors: Donegan Aoife , Devine Dympna , Martinez‐Sainz Gabriela , Symonds Jennifer , Sloan Seaneen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper documents co‐participatory research with children in six primary schools in Ireland during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It explores the use of what we term digital dialogues with diverse groups of children aged 9–10 years as members of Child Research Advisory Groups. The paper conceptualises the digital dialogues as sites of resistance as well as constraint, empowering children to articulate their voices in relation to schooling and the pandemic, whilst mediated by power dynamics—between adults and children, and between children, in the articulation of those voices.
Hybridizing graph‐based Gaussian mixture model with machine learning for classification of fraudulent transactions
Authors: Prusti Debachudamani , Behera Ranjan Kumar , Rath Santanu Kumar 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIt has been observed that a good number of financial organizations often face a number of threats due to credit card fraud that affects consistently to the card holder as well as the organizations. This is one of the fastest‐growing frauds of its kind and the most emerging problems for the institutions to prevent. A number of researchers and analysts have shown interest to work on this area in order to identify such issues in an effective manner by applying various supervised as well as unsupervised learning approaches. In this assessment, three classification techniques such as support vector machine (SVM), k‐nearest neighbor (k‐NN), and extreme learning machine (ELM) that come under supervised learning category are applied to the BankSim data to categorize the normal and fraudulent class transactions in credit card. These algorithms are incorporated with the graph features extracted from the dataset by using a database tool Neo4j. The nodes of the graph represent the transactional data samples and the edges create relationships among the nodes to find the patterns of data using connected data analysis. k‐fold cross validation approach in Gaussian mixture model (GMM) has been applied for classification of the credit card transaction data in a single distribution. Further, a combined graph‐based Gaussian mixture model (CGB‐GMM) has been proposed to effectively detect the fraudulent instances in credit card transactions with the application of graph algorithms such as degree centrality, LPA, page rank, and so forth. Each of the learning algorithms are implemented with and without the application of graph algorithms and their performances are assessed empirically for analysis.
Outcome of liver transplantation in hepatic glycogen storage disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Beyzaei Zahra , Bagheri Zahra , Karimzadeh Sara , Geramizadeh Bita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionLiver transplantation (LT) is the choice of therapeutic option for end‐stage hepatic GSD patients; however, reports about the long‐term outcome of LT in these patients have remained controversial.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies published until Dec 31, 2021, that investigated the long‐term outcome of LT in hepatic GSD patients. A literature search in the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE,Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases was performed.Results14 studies with 210 patients were included in our analysis. As the results showed, the pooled proportion of GSD patients with complications after liver transplant (e.g., hemorrhagic shock, biliary complications, tacrolimus encephalopathy, chronic hepatitis, hepatic artery thrombosis, hepatic adenoma, sepsis, liver dysfunction, chronic rejection, acute cellular rejection, and CMV infection) was 27.7% (95% CI: 20.42–35.67) without heterogeneity (I2 = 24.04%), as calculated by the random‐effect model. The pooled proportion of GSD patients with complications related to GSD after LT, including HCC (Hepatocellular carcinoma), renal complication, muscle problems, delayed menarche, persistent neutropenia, pneumonitis, renal failure, and hepatic adenoma was 22.2% (95% CI: 7.97–40.01) with high heterogeneity (I2 = 82.47%). Subgroup analysis including the age of patients (adult/pediatric), duration of follow‐up, and type of donor was conducted to investigate the resources of heterogeneity.ConclusionAccording to our investigation and review analysis, most GSD patients showed significant outcome improvement after liver transplantation. Overall, our findings showed an excellent outcome of liver transplantation in GSD patients; however, it needs further investigations to be confirmed.
Metastatic melanoma involving a genetically confirmed angiofibroma of soft tissue: A previously unreported type of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis
Authors: Short Emma L. , Logan Suzanna J. , Thangaiah Judith Jebastin , Folpe Andrew L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTumor‐to‐tumor metastases are an uncommon phenomenon and are very rare in the context of malignant melanoma. This case report describes a 73‐year‐old male who underwent an excision of a melanoma from his forehead. Six months later, he developed metastatic disease, including metastasis to a genetically confirmed angiofibroma of soft tissue of the abdominal wall. Angiofibroma of soft tissue is a relatively recently described benign fibrovascular soft tissue tumor, and there appear to be no previous reports of it being a recipient tumor for a metastasis. Awareness of the phenomenon of tumor‐to‐tumor metastasis and of the distinctive morphologic and molecular genetic features of angiofibroma are critical to avoid misdiagnosis of this very rare event as “dedifferentiated” melanoma.