bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer and electroosmosis driven MHD peristaltic pumping in a microchannel with multiple slips and fluid properties
Authors: Choudhari Rajashekhar , Ramesh Katta , Tripathi Dharmendra , Vaidya Hanumesh , Prasad Kerehalli Vinayaka 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe combined study of electroosmosis, peristalsis, and heat transfer with multiple slips like velocity slip, thermal slip, and concentration slip, is applicable in designing biomimetic thermal pumping systems at the microscale of interest in physiological transport phenomena, such as drug delivery systems. A mathematical model is developed to study the non‐Newtonian (third‐grade) fluid flow driven by the applicable forces to generate the pressure gradient under the effects of rheological properties. The analysis is performed in an electro‐magnetohydrodynamic environment to examine the Lorentz force effect. The microchannel walls are propagating and subjected to natural peristaltic pumping. The Poisson and the Nernst–Planck equations are utilized to model electroosmotic phenomena. The Debye–Hückel approximation is considered to acquire Boltzmann circulation of electric potential across the electric double layer. The low‐Reynolds‐number and long‐wavelength approximations are employed to simplify the governing equations. Simplified coupled nonlinear governing equations are simulated by the ND Solver of Mathematica software and validated with existing results. The impact of emerging physical parameters on flow, heat transfer, and pumping characteristics are discussed. Additionally, a fundamental peristaltic pumping phenomenon known as trapping is graphically provided and briefly discussed.
MHD flow of (Al2O3/H2O) nanofluid under the peristaltic mechanism in an asymmetric channel
Authors: Magesh A. , Tamizharasi P. , Vijayaragavan R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe studied the impact of magnetic field and chemical reaction on the peristaltic motion of nanofluid in the horizontal asymmetric channel with heat and mass transfer in this paper. The unsteady governing equations of the present problem were formulated. After the unsteady equations are transformed to steady and then the implementation of lubrication theory approximation, the lengthy equations are shortened. The coupled nonlinear differential equations (temperature and concentration equations) are analytically solved using the perturbation method. The exact analytical solution of the stream function was also calculated. The results of the velocity profile, pressure rise, temperature, and concentration are plotted through the MATLAB software and the streamlines are drawn through the MATHEMATICA software. The impact of key fluid parameters is discussed using graphical results. One observes that, for large values of the thermophoresis parameter, the temperature of the fluid increases, and more energy is produced.
Cerebral infarction after cardiac surgery
Authors: Wei Shan , Cao Yi‐Ran , Liu Da‐Xing , Zhang Deng‐Shen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCerebral infarction, a common central nervous system complication after adult cardiac surgery, is one of the main factors leading to the poor prognosis of cardiac surgery patients besides cardiac insufficiency. However, there is currently no effective treatment for cerebral infarction. Therefore, early prevention and diagnosis of postoperative cerebral infarction are particularly important. There are many factors and mechanisms during and after cardiac surgery that play an important role in the occurrence of postoperative cerebral infarction, such as intraoperative embolism, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, atrial fibrillation, temperature regulation, blood pressure control, use of postoperative blood products, and so forth. The mechanism by which most risk factors act on the human body, leading to postoperative cerebral infarction, is not well understood, and further research is needed. Therefore, this paper aims to summarize and explain the relevant risk factors, mechanisms, clinical signs, imaging characteristics, and early diagnosis methods of cerebral infarction complications after cardiac surgery, and provides useful data for the establishment of related diagnosis and treatment standards.
Correlation between total deceleration area and fetal cord blood pH in neonates complicated with meconium‐stained amniotic fluid at term
Authors: Matmor Loeub Shirel , Weintraub Adi Y. , Rotem Reut , Geva Yael , Yaniv Salem Shimrit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the correlation between total area under the Curve (AUC) of decelerations and accelerations and neonatal acidemia in pregnancies complicated with meconium‐stained amniotic fluid (MSAF).MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among women who delivered with a diagnosis of MSAF. Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) patterns 120 min before delivery were interpreted by a researcher blinded to fetal outcomes. The primary outcome was fetal acidemia, defined as umbilical artery pH below 7.10. The correlation was tested using the Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsA total of 102 women were included; 24 delivered infants with cord blood pH < 7.20, and only five delivered infants with cord blood pH < 7.10. A significant correlation was demonstrated between total AUC of decelerations and accelerations and cord blood pH (P = 0.02). A sub‐analysis according to gestational age at delivery (up to and beyond 40 weeks) was conducted. A significant correlation was demonstrated (P = 0.02) only in the term group(n = 37).ConclusionA correlation was demonstrated between total AUC of decelerations and accelerations and cord blood pH in neonates with MSAF. This correlation was significant for neonates delivered before 40 weeks of gestation, but not for those delivered after 40 weeks of gestation.
iMetaLab Suite: A one‐stop toolset for metaproteomics
Authors: Li Leyuan , Ning Zhibin , Cheng Kai , Zhang Xu , Simopoulos Caitlin M. A. , Figeys Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetaproteomics is a recently thriving technique that studies the collection of proteins in complex microbiomes of the human, animal, plant, and environment. The bioinformatics workflow required for metaproteomics research, from the database search and protein quantification to downstream functional and taxonomic analysis has been challenging and thus limiting the accessibility of metaproteomics to microbiome researchers. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a set of tools named iMetaLab Suite. iMetaLab Suite includes the following components: (1) MetaLab Desktop, an automated database search software that facilities proteins identification and quantitation from microbiomes; (2) the automated iMetaReport that allows users to quickly access database search results and data set profiles; and (3) an interactive online toolset, iMetaShiny, covering most frequently used functional, taxonomic, and statistical analysis in metaproteomics. iMetaLab Suite is a free, easily accessible, and actively updated toolset available to assist researchers to explore metaproteomic data.
Automated Opportunistic Osteoporosis Screening in Routine Computed Tomography of the Spine: Comparison With Dedicated Quantitative CT
Authors: Sollmann Nico , Löffler Maximilian T. , El Husseini Malek , Sekuboyina Anjany , Dieckmeyer Michael , Rühling Sebastian , Zimmer Claus , Menze Bjoern , Joseph Gabby B. , Baum Thomas , Kirschke Jan S. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Opportunistic osteoporosis screening in nondedicated routine computed tomography (CT) is of increasing importance. The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) assessed by a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based framework in routine CT to vBMD from dedicated quantitative CT (QCT), and to evaluate the ability of vBMD and surrogate measurements of Hounsfield units (HU) to distinguish between patients with and without osteoporotic vertebral fractures (VFs). A total of 144 patients (median age: 70.7 years, 93 females) with clinical routine CT (eight different CT scanners, 120 kVp or 140 kVp, with and without intravenous contrast medium) and dedicated QCT acquired within ≤30 days were included. Vertebral measurements included (i) vBMD from the CNN-based approach including automated vertebral body labeling, segmentation, and correction of the contrast media phase for routine CT data (vBMD_OPP), (ii) vBMD from dedicated QCT (vBMD_QCT), and (iii) noncalibrated HU from vertebral bodies of routine CT data as previously proposed for immanent opportunistic osteoporosis screening based on CT attenuation. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for vBMD_QCT versus vBMD_OPP indicated better agreement (ICC = 0.913) than the ICC for vBMD_QCT versus noncalibrated HU (ICC = 0.704). Bland-Altman analysis showed data points from 137 patients (95.1%) within the limits of agreement (LOA) of −23.2 to 25.0 mg/cm3 for vBMD_QCT versus vBMD_OPP. Osteoporosis (vBMD &lt;80 mg/cm3) was detected in 89 patients (vBMD_QCT) and 88 patients (vBMD_OPP), whereas no patient crossed the diagnostic thresholds from normal vBMD to osteoporosis or vice versa. In a subcohort of 88 patients (thoracolumbar spine covered by imaging for VF reading), 69 patients showed one or more prevalent VFs, and the performance for discrimination between patients with and without VFs was best for vBMD_OPP (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.862; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.771–0.953). In conclusion, automated opportunistic osteoporosis screening in routine CT of various scanner setups is feasible and may demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy for prevalent VFs. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Long-Term Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Exacerbates Development of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Mice
Authors: Williams Drake Winslow , Ho Katie , Lenon Allison , Kim Sol , Kim Terresa , Gwack Yousang , Kim Reuben H. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a detrimental intraoral lesion that occurs in patients with long-term or high-dose use of anti-resorptive agents such as bisphosphonates. Tooth extraction is a known risk factor for BRONJ, and such intervention is often performed to eliminate existing pathological inflammatory conditions. Previously, we determined that ligature-induced periodontitis (LIP) is a risk factor for the development of osteonecrosis in mice, but it remains unclear whether the chronicity of LIP followed by extraction influences osteonecrosis development. In this study, we assess the effect of short-term and long-term LIP (ligature placed for 3 weeks [S-LIP] or 10 weeks [L-LIP], respectively) on osteonecrosis development in mice receiving 250 μg/kg/week zoledronic acid (ZOL). When compared to S-LIP, L-LIP caused 70% (p ≤ 0.0014) more bone loss without altering microbe composition. In the presence of ZOL, bone loss mediated by LIP was prevented and bone necrosis was induced. When the ligated tooth was extracted, histologic hallmarks of osteonecrosis including empty lacunae and necrotic bone were increased by 88% (p = 0.0374) and 114% (p = 0.0457), respectively, in L-LIP compared to S-LIP. We also observed significant increases in serum platelet factor 4 (PF4) and macrophage inflammatory factor 1 γ (MIP1γ) in mice that received ZOL treatment and had tooth extractions compared to controls, which may be systemic markers of inflammation-associated osteonecrosis development. Additionally, CD3+ T cells were identified as the major immune population in both health and disease, and we observed a 116% (p = 0.0402) increase in CD3+IL23R+ T cells in L-LIP compared to S-LIP lesions following extraction. Taken together, our study reveals that extracting a periodontally compromised tooth increases the formation of necrotic bone compared to extracting a periodontally healthy tooth and that osteonecrosis may be associated with the duration of the preexisting pathological inflammatory conditions. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Characterizing changes in mental health‐related outcomes for health service psychology graduate students during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Daniel Katharine E. , Szkody Erica , Aggarwal Pankhuri , Peterman Amy H. , Washburn Jason J. , Selby Edward A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesHealth service psychology (HSP) graduate students experienced adverse mental health outcomes during COVID‐19. However, little is known about how mental health outcomes changed in this population after the onset of COVID‐19.MethodsN = 496 HSP graduate students reported onset or worsening of mental health outcomes, inability to access mental health care, worry about COVID‐19, and stress at two different timepoints during the first year of the COVID‐19 outbreak (timepoint 1: May 1 to June 25, 2020; timepoint 2: September 2 to October 17, 2020). This study tested whether mental health outcomes improved, worsened, or stayed stable during this timeframe. The study also examined whether rising COVID‐19 case rates in the state where a participant lived moderated changes in mental health outcomes.ResultsOverall, HSP graduate students endorsed adverse mental health outcomes at a higher rate during the first survey relative to the second survey. Even still, 62.68% of students reported worsened mental health symptoms, 49.84% reported worsened sleep, and 23.92% reported increased alcohol and substance use in the 2 months leading up to the second survey.ConclusionHSP programs should monitor graduate students' evolving mental health, provide wellness resources, and adopt flexible approaches to support graduate students navigating training during periods of immense disruption.
Evaluation of pulmonary arterial stiffness and comparison with right ventricular functions in patients with cirrhosis preparing for liver transplantation
Authors: Elçioğlu Betul Cengiz , Baydar Onur , Helvacı Füsun , Karataş Cihan , Aslan Gamze , Kılıç Alparslan , Tefik Nihal , Demir Barış , Gürsoy Erol , Demirci Yasemin , Ural Dilek , Kanmaz Turan , Aytekin Vedat , Aytekin Saide 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivePulmonary complications are common in patients with liver cirrhosis. Devolopment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a poor prognosis in these patients. Pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) is considered an early sign of pulmonary vascular remodeling. The aim of this study is to investigate PAS and compare it with right ventricular (RV) functions in patients with cirrhosis who are scheduled for liver transplantation.MethodsThe study included 52 cirrhosis patients (mean age 51.01 ± 12.18 years, male gender 76.9%) who were prepared for liver transplantation and 59 age and sex matched (mean age 51.28 ± 13.63 years, male gender 62.7%) healthy individuals. Patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 55%, ischemic heart disease, more than mild valvular heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease, congenital heart disease, rheumatic disease, moderate to high echocardiographic PH probability, rhythm or conduction disorders on electrocardiography were excluded from the study. In addition to conventional echocardiographic parameters, PAS value, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and RV ejection efficiency was calculated by the related formulas with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).ResultsDemographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of the groups were similar. PAS, PVR, and sPAP values were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (20.52 ± 6.52 and 13.73 ± 2.05; 1.43 ± 0.15 and 1.27 ± 0.14; 27.69 ± 3.91 and 23.37 ± 3.81 p < 0.001, respectively). RV FAC and RV Ee were significantly lower and RV MPI was significantly higher in the patient group (45.31 ± 3.85 and 49.66 ± 3.62, p < 0.001; 1.69 ± 0.35 and 1.85 ± 0.23, p = 0.005; 0.39 ± 0.07 and 0.33 ± 0.09, p = 0.001, respectively). PAS was significantly correlated with RV FAC and MPI (r = −0.423, p < 0.001; r = 0.301, p = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsIncreased PAS in cirrhosis patients may be associated with early pulmonary vascular involvement. Evaluation of RV functions is important to determine the prognosis in these patients. FAC, MPI, and RV Ee measurements instead of TAPSE or RV S′ may be more useful in demonstrating subclinical dysfunction. The correlation of PAS with RV FAC and MPI may indicate that RV subclinical dysfunction is associated with early pulmonary vascular remodeling in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Energetic but insensitive spiro‐tetrahydrotetrazines based on oxetane‐3‐one
Authors: Fessard Thomas C. , Gospodinov Ivan , Klapötke Thomas M. , Stierstorfer Jörg , Voggenreiter Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEnergetic oxetanes were first described in the 1970s, such as 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetanes (BAMO) and 3‐(nitratomethyl)‐3‐(methyl)oxetanes (NIMMO). Over the past few years, oxetanes were hardly available only as special‐purpose chemicals for the pharmaceutical industry. Oxetan‐3‐one is condensed with energetic compounds with a hydrazino function such as amino‐nitroguanidine and picryl hydrazine to form energetic Schiff bases. Hydrazinolysis of the guanidine derivatives lead to energetic spiro‐tetrahydrotetrazines which are quite rare in literature. All products were characterized by their crystal structure using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Furthermore, the new compounds were analyzed using IR, EA, DTA, and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H and 13C). The sensitivities towards external stimuli such as friction and impact were determined according to BAM standards and the energetic performances were calculated using the EXPLO5 code.
Cardiac MRI Findings in COVID‐19 Vaccine‐Related Myocarditis: A Pooled Analysis of 468 Patients
Authors: Samimisedeh Parham , Jafari Afshar Elmira , Shafiabadi Hassani Neda , Rastad Hadith 
Published: May 2022

Understanding the pattern and severity of myocarditis caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccine is imperative for improving the care of the patients, and cardiac evaluation by MRI plays a key role in this regard. Our systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to summarize cardiac MRI findings in COVID‐19 vaccine‐related myocarditis. We performed a comprehensive systematic review of literature in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using key terms covering COVID‐19 vaccine, myocarditis, and cardiac MRI. Individual‐level patient data (IPD) and aggregated‐level data (AD) studies were pooled through a two‐stage analysis method. For this purpose, all IPD were first gathered into a single data set and reduced to AD, and then this AD (from IPD studies) was pooled with existing AD (from the AD studies) using fixed/random effect models. I2 was used to assess the degree of heterogeneity, and the prespecified level of statistical significance (P value for heterogeneity) was <0.1. Based on meta‐analysis of 102 studies (n = 468 patients), 79% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 54%–97%) of patients fulfilled Lake Louise criteria (LLC) for diagnosis of myocarditis. Cardiac MRI abnormalities included elevated T2 in 72% (95% CI: 50%–90%), myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in 93% (95% CI: 83%–99%; nearly all with a subepicardial and/or midwall pattern), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (<50%) in 4% (95% CI: 1.0%–9.0%). Moreover, elevated T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) (>30), reported only by some IPD studies, were detected in 74.5% (76/102) and 32% (16/50) of patients, respectively. In conclusion, our findings may suggest that over two‐thirds of patients with clinically suspected myocarditis following COVID‐19 vaccination meet the LLC. COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis may show a similar pattern compared to other acute myocarditis entities. Notably, preserved LVEF is probably a common finding in these patients.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 3
STAT4 genetic polymorphism significantly affected HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis B patients receiving Peginterferon‐α therapy: A prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Qi Xun , Li Fahong , Zhang Yao , Zhu Haoxiang , Yang Feifei , Li Xinyan , Jiang Xuhua , Chen Liang , Huang Yuxian , Zhang Jiming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA variant in signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) was reported to correlate with the response of interferon‐α (IFN‐α) in a retrospective study in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐positive chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) patients. Here, we conducted a prospective study to analyze the effect of STAT4 genetic polymorphism on the response of pegylated interferon‐α‐2a (PegIFN‐α‐2a) in HBeAg‐positive patients. A prospective, multicenter, open‐label, parallel cohort study was performed. One hundred and fifty treatment‐naïve and 156 nucleos(t)ide analog (NA)‐experienced HBeAg‐positive CHB patients were enrolled, respectively. All patients received PegIFN‐α‐2a treatment for 48 weeks and 24‐week follow‐up post PegIFN‐α‐2a treatment. Before treatment, STAT4 genetic polymorphism was determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. Serological markers, serum HBV DNA levels, and adverse events were collected at each visit. We observed a larger reduction of HBV DNA load and a significantly higher HBeAg seroconversion rate in the GT/TT group than in the GG group at week 72 (p = 0.002 and p = 0.023) in treatment‐naïve patients. In NA‐experienced patients, the HBeAg seroconversion rate in the GT/TT group was higher than that in the GG group at week 72 (p = 0.005). STAT4 rs7574865 gene polymorphism was the strongest independent predictor of HBeAg seroconversion in both paralleled cohorts. Also, patients in the GT/TT group had a higher hepatitis B surface antigen loss rate than in the GG group in the study. There was no significant difference in adverse events between GG and GT/TT groups. This prospective cohort study confirmed that STAT4 rs7574865 gene polymorphism is associated with HBeAg seroconversion and HBsAg loss irrespective of naïve and NA‐experienced HBeAg‐positive CHB patients treated with PegIFN‐α‐2a.
Ankara Esenboga International Airport (Turkey) fog analysis and synoptical investigation of the fog event dated 17–19 December 2019
Authors: Koyuncu Rozerin , Deniz Ali , Özdemir Emrah Tuncay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aviation industry has developed greatly in recent years. Millions of people choose air transport as a means of transportation every year, and flight safety is critically important. However, meteorological conditions can cause disruptions in flight activities and lead to accidents. One of the meteorological conditions that adversely affect flight activities is fog. Prediction of fog incidents increases flight safety. In this study, fog analysis of Ankara Esenboga International Airport was carried out between 2011 and 2020. The data used in the fog analysis are taken from the observations of Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) and Aviation Selected Special Weather Report (SPECI). The distribution of fog events in a 10‐year period was determined according to years, months, days, hours, meteorological parameters (wind, pressure, cloud cover/height, temperature, and prevailing view), and types. Over a 10‐year period, 802.02 hr of fog occurred. The average number of foggy days was determined as 17.9. According to the fog formation types, the fogs occurring at Esenboga Airport were classified as 62% radiation fog, 14% lowering cloud base, 9% precipitation fog, 2% advection fog, and 12% unknown fog. CAT categories in the foggy hours of Esenboga Airport were determined. In cases where there were foggy observations for approach and landing activities during the 10‐year period, these were found to be 40.34% according to CAT I, 72.8% according to CAT II, 93.8% according to CAT IIIA, and 100% according to CAT IIIB. Synoptic analysis of a particular fog incident, which started at 2220 UTC on December 16 and continued for 55.83 hr, was also made. When the synoptic maps and Skew‐T Log P diagrams were examined, the deepening of the high pressure center in and around Ankara and the low thermal advection caused a very stable atmosphere, resulting in a prolonged and intense fog event.