bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2013: The Year of David Livingstone
Authors: MacKenzie John M. 
Published: April 2022

The first minister of Scotland, Alex Salmond, delivered his 2012 Christmas message in front of a portrait of David Livingstone at the exhibition in the National Museum of Scotland. Salmond stressed the values and achievements of the great Scot and suggested that they should energise Scots to fresh accomplishments in the future. This adoption of Livingstone as a heroic ideal to be followed in the present symbolically heralded the year of events, conferences, publications and web developments for the bicentennial year.This report summarises the extraordinarily diverse way in which Livingstone, born on 19th March 1813, has been commemorated in a variety of different communities, academic, museum, public, medical, and religious - in both Scotland and in Africa. There was an exhibition at the National Museum of Scotland with an accompanying book edited by Sarah Worden (reviewed elsewhere in this issue).
Images of Africa at Kew Gardens
Authors: Fitzgerald Syvia 
Published: April 2022

Africa had long been of interest in Europe - as we see in the herbals of Charles de l'Escluse (1601), & Mathias de l'Obel (1650). Kew's interest in Africa stems from the earliest days of the Gardens, which were set up in 1759 for Princess Augusta under the supervision of William Aiton, advised by Lord Bute & Sir John Hill. Hill's Hortus Kewensis, published in 1768 lists many trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants from Africa, describes Fritillaria longifolia as new from the Cape of Good Hope and gives a coloured plate of it.Princess Augusta died in 1772, and her Gardens passed to King George III (Farmer George), who appointed Sir Joseph Banks as botanical director. Banks was sharply aware of the worth of field exploration - he had himself just returned from 3 years with Captain Cook on ‘The Endeavour’ during which they explored the South Pacific and coastal Australia.
Medical Practices in World War 1 Africa - An Overview
Authors: Samson Anne 
Published: April 2022

The centenary of the Great War has led to a widening of interest in aspects of the African theatre. Until 2013 the focus was mainly military. Since then, social and cultural aspects have come more to the fore with particular emphasis on the diversity of the participants. Focusing on East Africa as the main African theatre of conflict, the works by Michelle Moyd, Edmund Yorke and Jan-Bart Gewald amongst others are examples of the recent trend.More recently, working with the diaries of medical officers, such as Norman Parsons Jewell, who served in Africa, highlighted the value of medical records to understanding the conditions faced by the military authorities in fulfilling their task. References to medical services and interactions between forces in memoirs of German participants suggest that rich comparisons can be made between the various imperial powers which saw service in Africa.
‘Publish or Perish’ in African Studies: New Ways to Valorise Research
Authors: Limb Peter 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNew modes of publishing African Studies accelerate research, creating digital repositories, but valuing the outcomes is complex, and contested. For tenure of both librarians and academics, refereed publications remain the Holy Grail. Fears of quality decline accompany a rise in self-publishing and inverse social media brevity. Valuing works requires reliable sources, but permanency concerns remain: online news in Africa can quickly disappear, as evident with Ebola reporting; and if you trust Google, in African languages some news never occurred! But at the same time, new modes of publishing and communication allow wider review, and the contesting of canon. Twenty years ago, Africanists hoped open access credentialing was just around the corner. This has not eventuated but a measure of recognition is conceded as society itself goes online. Blogs and open access journals will not clinch jobs, but they can let scholars leave an imprint. Graduate digital courses with blogs replacing essays and completed projects offered back to libraries show a trend to capacitise a new generation of teachers, valorising research. Librarian job descriptions insist on digital skills. Granting bodies privilege the digital. Publishers go online. African studies associations hold digital workshops. If output in core media maintains centrality in ranking and citation then there is now a merging of forms. New books appear, some to acclaim, using digital sources, new knowledge discovery techniques emerge. Across all these trends, there will remain a need to balance digital and print collected by libraries, and refereed writing with more spontaneous communication, but their boundary is likely to narrow.
African Books Collective: African Published Books in the North
Authors: Cox Justin , Kitchen Stephanie 
Published: April 2022

This is a presentation about the African Books Collective that for some 30 years has distributed African published academic, literary and children's books around the world. The aim of the paper is to provide some insights into how books published in Africa are making their way to libraries with collections on Africa, and to discuss current and future trends; it being understood that ‘decolonising library collections’, the theme of this conference, would by rights involve acquiring and maintaining materials from outside the global North.Upon its creation in 1990, ABC represented a large number of university presses on the continent and independent publishers, some of which are large firms still trading today. Today few university presses are trading or publishing new books. This work was largely picked-up by private independent publishers and research institutes such as CODESRIA, OSSREA, the Institute of Southern African Studies and others.
Indigenous Publishing in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Chronology and Some Landmarks
Authors: Zell Hans M. 
Published: April 2022

This chronological timeline sets out some of the key dates, events, and landmarks in the development of indigenous publishing in Sub-Saharan Africa. It also includes details of the major conferences, meetings or seminars on African publishing, held in Africa or at venues elsewhere, since 1968. An earlier version of this chronology first appeared in The African Publishing Companion: A Resource Guide, and has now been updated through to the period up to 2019, and considerably expanded to include publication of a number of benchmark studies, conference proceedings, journals, and reference resources on the African book world.Whereas Africa's association with printing and literature goes back many centuries – indeed, many African countries have a long and prolific artistic and literary history – the beginning of publishing probably started with the advent of Islam in the seventeenth century.
The Afro-Turks: a call for study and inclusion
Authors: Alabi Adesanya M. 
Published: April 2022

Migration – forced or voluntary – is a constant in human history. The African diaspora as a result of the Atlantic slave trade has been much studied. The story of the Afro-Turks is less well known. This article explores the possibility of building an archive and recording oral histories. It attempts to evaluate the available resources about the Afro-Turks in the modern Turk state of Turkey and asks: When, how and from where did African people come to Turkey? How do they understand their history? And what is their place, as an ethnic minority, in modern Turkey?On June 11,2013, a great crowd of the people converged at Gazi Park, Istanbul to express their displeasure at the news that the Turkish government under Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan planned to use the greenish park for the erection of a Mall.
Novices in the Archives: Restoring, Preserving and Digitising an African Archive
Authors: Houchins Sue E. 
Published: April 2022

In 2013, I traveled to the Khama III Memorial Museum in Serowe, Botswana, to deliver a paper at a conference honoring the fortieth anniversary of the publication of southern African author Bessie Head's celebrated novel A Question of Power. This was my first visit to the museum that houses the author's archives which contain most of her correspondence with literary agents, publishers, historians, anthropologists, literary critics, and other writers - including Alice Walker, Nikki Giovanni, Toni Morrison, and Gabriel Garcia Marquez. They also include some of her original manuscripts, agricultural notes, and publishing contracts.All the scholars who presented papers on this occasion, except for one, were Africanists who focused on the literatures of the Continent. The outlier who specialised in African American drama delivered a comparative study between Head's short fiction and works by Black Atlantic writers.
Exhibiting the Maqdala Manuscripts: African Scribes: Manuscript Culture of Ethiopia
Authors: Derillo Eyob 
Published: April 2022

The major purpose of this article is to document the exhibition “African Scribes: Manuscript Culture of Ethiopia” (hereafter “African Scribes”), which opened on 6 February 2018 in the Sir John Ritblat Treasures of the British Library Gallery in London.Items in the Sir John Ritblat Treasures of the British Library Gallery range from the 4th century Codex Sinaiticus to John Lennon's letters. The display tells the I literary history of Europe, Asia and the Middle East. Out of the 240 items on permanent display, there are only two items from Ethiopia representing Africa.The main objectives of the “African Scribes” exhibition were to pay tribute to unknown Ethiopian scribes and artists and also, to a certain extent, to direct attention to some diverse and significant items in the British Library collection that had never been on display before. The display explored the art, binding and calligraphy of manuscripts of Ethiopia.
Numerical Adaptations of Captain Sumner's 1837 journey: a context for teaching celestial navigation
Authors: Bensky Tom 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn an effort to add context to a classroom lesson on celestial navigation, we present a numerical adaptation of Captain T.H. Sumner's 1837 journey into St. George's Channel. The adaptation is programmed into a ‘live’ web-based map. This allows for a flexible and highly visual presentation that highlights two important topics in celestial navigation: the origin of the line of position and the scale of maps. Considerations driving the numerical adaptation are discussed, as is as an overview of a classroom lesson we have been using.
Isolated cardiac amyloidosis with normal interventricular septum thickness: a case report
Authors: Xu Zhanwen , Li Yaqin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCardiac amyloidosis presented with normal interventricular septum is an extremely rare entity, and diagnosis may be difficult. This report discusses a 44-year-old female who presented with worsening dyspnoea on exertion, orthopnoea, and lower-extremity oedema. Electrocardiogram depicted low voltage in limb leads and a pseudoinfarct pattern. Echocardiogram revealed biatrial dilatation without changes of ventricular chambers and restrictive filling physiology. A diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis was considered. Cardiac MRI was pursued, showing delayed gadolinium enhancement, and this ultimately led to the myocardial biopsy confirming the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis. The case suggests that patients who present with heart failure of uncertain aetiology, amyloidosis could be a cause of cardiomyopathy despite the absence of “classical” echocardiographic features of amyloid deposition such as an increased interventricular septum thickness or“brilliant sparkled”appearance of the myocardium.
EXPLICIT NORDSIECK SECOND DERIVATIVE GENERAL LINEAR METHODS FOR ODES
Authors: RAMAZANI P. , ABDI A. , HOJJATI G. , MORADI A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe paper deals with the construction of explicit Nordsieck second derivative general linear methods with s stages of order p with
$p=s$
and high stage order
$q=p$
with inherent Runge–Kutta or quadratic stability properties. Satisfying the order and stage order conditions together with inherent stability conditions leads to methods with some free parameters, which will be used to obtain methods with a large region of absolute stability. Examples of methods with r external stages and
$p=q=s=r-1$
up to order five are given, and numerical experiments in a fixed stepsize environment are presented.
Soybean yield loss from delayed postemergence herbicide application based on weed height, days after emergence, accumulated crop heat units, and soybean growth stage
Authors: Soltani Nader , Shropshire Christy , Sikkema Peter H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLimited information exists on the critical time of weed removal (CTWR) with the currently used soybean cultivars in Ontario. A study consisting of eight field experiments was conducted from 2017 to 2019 in Ontario, Canada, to determine the impact of delayed postemergence (POST) herbicide application on soybean yield based on average weed height at application, days after crop emergence (DAE), accumulated crop heat units (CHU) from the date of planting, and soybean growth stage. The regression model estimated the weed size at herbicide application that led to 1%, 2.5%, and 5% yield loss in soybean was 9, 14, and 20 cm under low weed density (averaging 73 to 134 plants m−2) and 3, 4, and 6 cm under high weed density (143 to 153 plants m−2) conditions, respectively. The estimated DAE at herbicide application time that led to 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 25% yield loss in soybean was 24, 30, 37, and 53 DAE under low weed density and 8, 10, 14, and 23 DAE under high weed density, respectively. The predicted crop stage at herbicide application that resulted in 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 25% yield loss in soybean was V4, V5, R2, and R5 under low weed density and VE, VC, V1, and V4 under high weed density, respectively. This study concludes that soybean yield loss is influenced by the weed density (low vs/high) and the time of the first POST herbicide application. When the first POST herbicide application was delayed until soybean was at the V2 stage the monetary loss was Can$20.46 and Can$221.20 ha−1 in low and high weed-density environments, respectively.
Glycation modulates glutamatergic signaling and exacerbates Parkinson’s disease-like phenotypes
Authors: Chegão Ana , Guarda Mariana , Alexandre Bruno M. , Shvachiy Liana , Temido-Ferreira Mariana , Marques-Morgado Inês , Fernandes Gomes Bárbara , Matthiesen Rune , Lopes Luísa V. , Florindo Pedro R. , Gomes Ricardo A. , Gomes-Alves Patrícia , Coelho Joana E. , Outeiro Tiago Fleming , Vicente Miranda Hugo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a central player in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies due to its accumulation in typical protein aggregates in the brain. However, it is still unclear how it contributes to neurodegeneration. Type-2 diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Interestingly, a common molecular alteration among these disorders is the age-associated increase in protein glycation. We hypothesized that glycation-induced neuronal dysfunction is a contributing factor in synucleinopathies. Here, we dissected the impact of methylglyoxal (MGO, a glycating agent) in mice overexpressing aSyn in the brain. We found that MGO-glycation potentiates motor, cognitive, olfactory, and colonic dysfunction in aSyn transgenic (Thy1-aSyn) mice that received a single dose of MGO via intracerebroventricular injection. aSyn accumulates in the midbrain, striatum, and prefrontal cortex, and protein glycation is increased in the cerebellum and midbrain. SWATH mass spectrometry analysis, used to quantify changes in the brain proteome, revealed that MGO mainly increase glutamatergic-associated proteins in the midbrain (NMDA, AMPA, glutaminase, VGLUT and EAAT1), but not in the prefrontal cortex, where it mainly affects the electron transport chain. The glycated proteins in the midbrain of MGO-injected Thy1-aSyn mice strongly correlate with PD and dopaminergic pathways. Overall, we demonstrated that MGO-induced glycation accelerates PD-like sensorimotor and cognitive alterations and suggest that the increase of glutamatergic signaling may underly these events. Our study sheds new light into the enhanced vulnerability of the midbrain in PD-related synaptic dysfunction and suggests that glycation suppressors and anti-glutamatergic drugs may hold promise as disease-modifying therapies for synucleinopathies.
Customized bioreactor enables the production of 3D diaphragmatic constructs influencing matrix remodeling and fibroblast overgrowth
Authors: Maghin Edoardo , Carraro Eugenia , Boso Daniele , Dedja Arben , Giagante Mattia , Caccin Paola , Barna Raluca Ana-Maria , Bresolin Silvia , Cani Alice , Borile Giulia , Sandrin Deborah , Romanato Filippo , Cecchinato Francesca , Urciuolo Anna , Sandonà Dorianna , De Coppi Paolo , Pavan Piero G. , Piccoli Martina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe production of skeletal muscle constructs useful for replacing large defects in vivo, such as in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), is still considered a challenge. The standard application of prosthetic material presents major limitations, such as hernia recurrences in a remarkable number of CDH patients. With this work, we developed a tissue engineering approach based on decellularized diaphragmatic muscle and human cells for the in vitro generation of diaphragmatic-like tissues as a proof-of-concept of a new option for the surgical treatment of large diaphragm defects. A customized bioreactor for diaphragmatic muscle was designed to control mechanical stimulation and promote radial stretching during the construct engineering. In vitro tests demonstrated that both ECM remodeling and fibroblast overgrowth were positively influenced by the bioreactor culture. Mechanically stimulated constructs also increased tissue maturation, with the formation of new oriented and aligned muscle fibers. Moreover, after in vivo orthotopic implantation in a surgical CDH mouse model, mechanically stimulated muscles maintained the presence of human cells within myofibers and hernia recurrence did not occur, suggesting the value of this approach for treating diaphragm defects.
Optimization of brewing conditions for Tieguanyin oolong tea by quadratic orthogonal regression design
Authors: Cao Qing-Qing , Wang Jie-Qiong , Chen Jian-Xin , Wang Fang , Gao Ying , Granato Daniel , Zhang Xuebo , Yin Jun-Feng , Xu Yong-Quan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTieguanyin is one of the most consumed oolong teas because of its distinctive flavor. The brewing process is crucial for the flavor performance of traditional teas, thus the effects of brewing conditions, including water/tea ratio (R), brewing temperature (T), and time (S) on the sensory traits, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of Tieguanyin tea infusion were investigated using quadratic orthogonal regression design. Results showed that R affected all the quality variables most, its reduction could lead to the promotion of tea infusion concentration, antioxidant activity, and taste intensity, which was favored by the tea consumers drinking tea almost daily (DTD) but unacceptable for those drinking tea hardly (DTH). Based on the optimization of brewing conditions in response surface methodology (RSM), we recommended several brewing schemes for diverse consume goals: R = 34 mL/g, T = 80 °C, S = 80 s for DTH; R = 39 mL/g, T = 100 °C, S = 127 s for DTO (the consumers drinking tea occasionally); R = 20 mL/g, T = 100 °C, S = 100 s for DTD; R = 26 mL/g, T = 100 °C and S = 127 s for the common consumers seeking for flavor and health benefits. These results would be helpful for tea consumers with multiple demands.
Agroclimatic Evolution web application as a powerful solution for managing climate data
Authors: Soler-Méndez Manuel , Parras-Burgos Dolores , Benouna-Bennouna Rachid , Molina-Martínez José Miguel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractApplying the AgroClimatic Evolution web application allows inquiries being made, data being collected and variables being calculated with the data acquired from different public agrometeorological stations on a single platform. Today all these stations from Murcia and Andalusia (Spain) are included, and stations elsewhere in Spain are being incorporated. This web application also offers the possibility of including each user’s own stations, which increases the number and availability of data close to each farmer’s plots. The data collected from stations is employed to collect daily data about weather and times, which are used to calculate the reference evapotranspiration (ETo). All the data are saved in a cloud database to later consult them and study their evolution. The data provided by all the stations are validated by applying the filters indicated in Standard UNE 500540:2004 “Automatic weather stations networks” by eliminating mistaken data that could alter correct ETo calculations. With the filtered data, and having calculated ETo, the user is provided with a comparison made with the raw data supplied by public stations. The main objective of this tool is to optimize the use of water resources available from data acquisition. Managing these data will contribute to make agriculture more sustainable and compatible with the natural environment.
Muography for a dense tide monitoring network
Authors: Tanaka Hiroyuki K. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSub-hourly to seasonal and interannual oceanographic phenomena can be better understood with high special resolution and high frequency tidal observations. However, while current tidal measurements can provide sufficiently high observational density in terms of time, the observational density in terms of space is low mainly due to the high expense of constructing tide gauge stations. In this work, we designed a novel tide monitoring technique with muography that could be operated in near-shore basements (or similar structures on land below sea level) and found that more practical, stable, robust and cost-effective high-spatiotemporal-density tide measurements are possible. Although the time resolution, sensitivity, and the distance between the detectors and the shorelines are tradeoffs, hourly and annual sensitivity (ability to detect the tide height variations) of less than 10 cm and 1 mm can be statistically attained, respectively. It is anticipated that the current muographic technique could be applied as an alternative, cost-effective and convenient dense tidal monitor network strategy in coastal areas worldwide.