bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-centred outcome following endoscopic management of benign central airway obstruction
Authors: Bøgh Mads , Larsen Dalia Gustaityté , Lonka Matilde , Schytte Sten , Pedersen Ulrik , Gade Søren , O’Leary Padraig , Kjaergaard Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To examine patient-centred outcome following endoscopic treatment of central airway stenosis in terms of days alive and out of hospital (DAOH), need for re-intervention, and complications, with reference to aetiology of disease and applied treatment methodology.

Methods
Analyses were based on data from consecutive adult patients treated endoscopically for benign central airway obstruction at Aarhus University Hospital from 2012 to 2022, with a minimum follow-up of one year. DAOH was calculated for 30 and 365 days. Complications were graded based on the Clavien-Dindo classification. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify predictors for DAOH, re-intervention and complications.

Results
82 consecutive adult patients underwent endoscopic treatment during the period of inclusion, comprising a total of 175 dilatations, 42 benign tumour resections, and 67 stent insertions. Multiple interventions and short re-intervention intervals was more likely amongst patients reporting significant preoperative dyspnoea or requiring preoperative respiratory support, as well as patients treated with endoscopic insertion of silicone stents. The overall complication rate per procedure was 11.7%, and complications were more likely to occur in patients with high age, high BMI and comorbidity. Overall DAOH during the first year after intervention was 343 days, lowest amongst patients with tracheobronchomalacia or severe airway stenosis, and in those who underwent endoscopic stent insertion.

Conclusion
Endoscopic treatment is a safe and viable intervention in the management of benign central airway obstruction in adults with few complications and a high overall outcome.
Short-term outcomes of laparoscopic central hepatectomy: a comparison with open surgery
Authors: Masuda Takashi , Endo Yuichi , Nakamura Shun , Miyoshino Wataru , Nagasawa Yuiko , Orimoto Hiroki , Kawamura Masahiro , Fujinaga Atsuro , Takayama Hiroomi , Kawano Yoko , Hirashita Teijiro , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Laparoscopic liver resection has advantages over open liver resection, including reduced blood loss and shorter hospital stays. Laparoscopic central hepatectomy (CH) is a highly challenging procedure, and such outcomes can only be achieved with a high level of expertise in laparoscopic liver surgery. Laparoscopic CH remains challenging, with safety and efficacy unclear. This study retrospectively evaluated the intra- and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic versus open CH and assessed safety and efficacy of laparoscopic surgery.

Methods
CH included anterior sectionectomy (AS) and central bisectionectomy (CBS) (excluding cases with biliary reconstruction). The study comprised 38 patients receiving CH in our department from January 2010 to November 2023.

Results
The laparoscopic group included 14 cases and the open group 24. AS/CBS was performed in 14/10 open group cases and 6/8 laparoscopic group cases. Short-term surgical outcomes showed no significant between-group difference in operative time, but the laparoscopic group lost significantly less blood (250 vs. 985 mL; p = 0.001) and the transfusion rate was lower (14% vs. 46%; p = 0.004). Among postoperative outcomes, incidence of bile leakage was not significantly different (33% vs. 42%; p = 0.42), but the laparoscopic group had significantly less postoperative ascites (0% vs. 17%; p = 0.047), fewer surgical site infections (SSI) (0% vs. 21%; p = 0.02), and shorter postoperative hospital stay (14 vs. 30 days; p = 0.005). The risk factor for bile leakage in CH by univariate and multivariate analysis was tumor proximity to the right anterior Glissonean pedicle (OR = 6.84; 95% CI = 1.67–32.7; p = 0.01).

Conclusion
Laparoscopic CH could be performed safely. Compared to open surgery, laparoscopic CH was effective in reducing blood loss, postoperative ascites, SSIs, and shortening postoperative hospital stay. However, tumors close to the root of the right anterior Glissonean pedicle were considered a risk factor for postoperative bile leakage and require caution.
Decoding silent speech: a machine learning perspective on data, methods, and frameworks
Authors: Chowdhury Adiba Tabassum , Newaz Mehrin , Saha Purnata , AbuHaweeleh Mohannad Natheef , Mohsen Sara , Bushnaq Diala , Chabbouh Malek , Aljindi Raghad , Pedersen Shona , Chowdhury Muhammad E. H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
At the nexus of signal processing and machine learning (ML), silent speech recognition (SSR) has evolved as a game-changing technology that allows for communication without audible voice. This study offers a thorough overview of SSR, tracing its evolution from early waveform analysis to the most recent ML methods. We start by examining current SSR techniques using ML and determining the essential conditions for efficient SSR systems. After that, we look at the datasets and data collection techniques currently employed in SSR research, highlighting the difficulties posed by the variety of articulatory movements and the scarcity of data. Examining state-of-the-art SSR frameworks, the paper covers important topics such signal processing, feature extraction, ML techniques for decoding and optimizing and assessing the performance of SSR models. We emphasize how deep learning (DL) and ML models have evolved to increase SSR resilience and accuracy. The field's proposed procedures are examined, with an emphasis on sophisticated feature extraction and classification methods. Modern SSR techniques are compared in terms of performance, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of different models. There is also discussion of ethical issues, especially those pertaining to privacy and consent. The integration of multimodal information—visual cues, electromyography signals, and neuroimaging data—to improve SSR systems is covered in this work. We investigate the functions of transfer learning and domain adaptation in handling cross-subject variability. Lastly, the study offers suggestions and future prospects for SSR research, providing practitioners, engineers, and academics with a road map. As SSR continues to push the frontiers of human–machine interaction, our study aims to increase our collective understanding of the technological advances and societal effects of SSR in the ML age.
Die Unterbringungsgesetz-Novelle 2023
Authors: Stastka Kurt , Aigner Martin , Erfurth Andreas 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die am 1. Juli 2023 in Österreich in Kraft getretene Novelle zum Unterbringungsgesetz (UbG) stellt eine umfassende Reform dar. Die Novelle bringt für psychiatrische Abteilungen zusätzliche Aufgaben mit sich, die eine Anpassung der Strukturqualität erfordern.
Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, aufzuzeigen, welche Erfahrungen bisher gemacht wurden und wie die Umsetzung des Gesetzes im Sinne eines guten klinischen Risikomanagements gefördert werden kann.
Testing of strain-based sensorized bolts for loosening detection and condition monitoring
Authors: Chavez J. , Flindt R. , Gamit M. , Eustorgi K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The installation of sensorized bolts in the main shaft bolt connection of wind turbines is an innovative approach that allows manufacturers and operators to gain insights into the operating conditions of the drivetrain. This article focuses on the use of sensorized bolts in the flange connections of wind turbines, particularly in the drivetrain. Fraunhofer IWES investigated the suitability of such sensors for determining the loads on the drivetrain and for monitoring the condition of the preload in the bolts of flange connections. In this context, to investigate the behavior of sensorized bolts equipped with strain gauges, a series of tests were carried out on a downscaled drivetrain test bench. Within the flange connection between the hub and the main shaft, four sensorized bolts and four non-sensorized bolts are used, alternating their positions in the flange. The use of these bolts for monitoring the preload in the flange connections is assessed and the results of tests with individual load conditions are evaluated. For this purpose, various load cases with combinations of bending moments and shear forces were applied. The load cases are reflected as cyclical changes in the bolts load due to the rotation of the drivetrain. These changes are captured by the sensorized bolts and the measurement results are presented in this paper.
Geometric design of axial piston machine slipper-bearings made of high-performance plastics
Authors: Schlegel Felix , Schmitz Katharina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oil hydraulic drivetrains are crucial in several industrial applications due to their high power density and dynamics, making them irreplaceable by electric drives. These systems consist of pumps that convert mechanical power into hydraulic power through pressure and volume flow, with axial piston machines being the most commonly used type. The performance and longevity of these pumps are largely determined by their tribological contacts, particularly the slipper-swashplate contact, which typically consists of a hard-soft material pairing of non-ferrous metal and hardened steel. Copper alloys are usually used, which are often alloyed with 0.1 to 23 % lead to improve malleability, corrosion resistance and emergency running properties. However, lead toxicity and copper’s role in accelerating oil aging raise environmental and cost concerns. This study explores the potential of replacing conventional brass slippers with tribologically optimized high-performance plastics. With an FEM-based geometry study several slipper design features are analyzed and their potential for wear reduction are discussed. The focus is on the design of the slipper socket and the attachment of a plastic running surface as well as its influence on the deformation of the running surface. In this context, both conventional non-ferrous metal and plastic slippers are investigated.
Influence of species interactions and climate on tree mortality in mixed stands of Pinus sylvestris, Betula spp., and Picea abies
Authors: Condés Sonia , Bielak Kamil , Brazaitis Gediminas , Brunner Andreas , Löf Magnus , Pach Maciej , del Río Miren 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tree mortality is a complex process associated with endogenous factors such as tree size, species composition or stand density, which may interact with each other and/or with exogenous factors such as climate. We studied the influence of these factors on background tree mortality in Scots pine, Norway spruce, and downy and silver birch mixed forests located in Central and Northern European continental (Poland) and boreal (NE Poland, Lithuania, Sweden and Norway) regions. Our main objective was to disentangle how species interactions influence background mortality along a gradient of climate conditions. To achieve this, we developed mortality models using a set of 188405 sample trees in 6840 permanent sample plots, taken from the National Forest Inventories of the four countries. Our results indicate that tree mortality and the effects of competition were species-specific. The competition from pine resulted in higher tree mortality for the pine itself rather than for birch or spruce, and the competition from spruce was usually the greatest, causing higher tree mortality in the three studied species. Temperature modified the effects of competition, always magnifying the effects of intra- or inter-specific competition depending on the species. However, the effect of temperature was complex, as the density-dependent and the density-independent mortality varied in different ways with temperature. In general, mixing pine with spruce and birch increases pine mortality, whereas it favors spruce and birch survival, especially at warmer sites. These findings may be useful for the management of these mixtures in the context of climate change.
Identifying gaps in the conservation of small wild cats of Southeast Asia
Authors: Chiaverini Luca , Macdonald David W. , Hearn Andrew J. , Kaszta Żaneta , Ash Eric , Can Özgün Emre , Channa Phan , Cheyne Susan M. , Clements Gopalasamy Reuben , Haidir Iding Achmad , Kamler Jan F. , Kyaw Pyae Phyoe , Luskin Matthew S. , Rasphone Akchousanh , Singh Priya , Tan Cedric Kai Wei , Yadav Bhupendra P. , Cushman Samuel A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Southeast Asia hosts more felid species than any other region and, although smaller (< 30 kg) felids have important ecological roles, regional conservation has mainly focused on a few charismatic big cats. Information on the ecology and conservation status of small felids is often lacking or geographically limited. We used empirically derived scale-optimized models for seven species in three regions of Southeast Asia (mainland, Borneo and Sumatra) to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing protected areas network in preserving suitable habitats, and to map suitable areas lacking protection. Finally, we assessed whether small felids are good proxies of broader regional terrestrial biodiversity. On the mainland, the largest and most suitable habitats occurred in the Northern Forest Complex of Myanmar and in the region between Eastern Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam. In these areas we also highlighted the most important protected areas. In Borneo, the most suitable habitats occurred in the central highlands and in the protected areas of Sabah. In Sumatra, the strongholds of habitat suitability were the Barisan Mountains, in the western extent of the island, and were highly concentrated within existing protected areas. We also found that the aggregated habitat suitability for small felids was correlated more strongly to terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity than was any single felid species individually, suggesting that areas that are suitable for multiple felid species have an association with high overall biodiversity. Overall, our assessment of the distribution of small felids in Southeast Asia highlights the fundamental importance of protected areas for biodiversity conservation, given that most species were highly associated with protected areas and regions with large extents of forest. Our results are a clarion call to expand the extent, and improve the conservation management, of protected areas in the remaining core habitat areas for multiple species in Southeast Asia, and to work to enhance and protect connectivity between them to ensure long-term demographic and genetic exchange among the region’s remaining wildlife populations.
Antecedents of Creativity in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Job Demand-Resources Perspective
Authors: Olsen Espen , Jensen Maria Therese , Solheim Marte C. W. , Iakovleva Tatiana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Creativity is an essential factor determining whether small and medium-sized enterprises survive during times of crisis. The current study aims to examine determinants of creativity using a serial mediational model, developed and tested on 246 workers employed in Norwegian small and medium-sized enterprises, applying structural equation modelling. Data were collected in June 2020, during the COVID-19 lockdown in Norway. We included factors related to job demands (hindrance demands and challenge demands), job resources (autonomy), and personal resources (self-efficacy, resilience, and growth mindset) to determine their direct and indirect associations with creativity. Both hindrance demands and challenge demands were directly related to self-efficacy and indirectly related to creativity through self-efficacy. A direct association was discovered between hindrance demands and autonomy. All effects from hindrance demands were also indirectly related to creativity through self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was positively related to creativity. This study illustrates the importance of incorporating several mediators when investigating antecedents of creativity, as some factors may not be significant when assessed together with competing concepts. Recommendations and implications for practitioners and individuals are discussed.
Curriculum Preferences and Engagement of Online Entrepreneurship Students: The Influence of Age and Gender
Authors: Starbird S. Andrew , Martin Jill M. , Kalbas-Schmidt Trish A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It is important for instructors and institutions to create learning experiences that are engaging, effective, and meaningful for students. To achieve these goals, instructors must understand the preferences and interests of their students, build engaging lessons based on those interests, and mitigate content that might make students feel excluded. In-person learning allows instructors to gather information about interests and engagement through direct interaction with students. Gathering information about student interests and engagement is more difficult for asynchronous, self-paced, online training programs. In this paper, we assess the interests, engagement, and disengagement of learners accessing online content focused on entrepreneurship. We focus on the influence of the demographic variables of age and gender and utilize data from Google Analytics to test hypotheses about the relationship between these variables and how the students interact with elements of the curriculum. STATA 18.0 was used for the statistical analysis. We find that while there are significant differences in the preferences for different elements of the curriculum based on gender and age, there is no evidence of a significant difference in curriculum engagement based on these demographic factors. These results support the conclusion that entrepreneurship students in this kind of learning environment select topics that are influenced by their gender and age. However, once the path is selected, engagement with the curriculum does not appear to vary with these individual characteristics.
Phosphorylated glycosphingolipids are commonly detected in Caenorhabditis elegans lipidomes
Authors: Witting Michael , Salzer Liesa , Meyer Sven W. , Barsch Aiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The identification of lipids is a cornerstone of lipidomics, and due to the specific characteristics of lipids, it requires dedicated analysis workflows. Identifying novel lipids and lipid species for which no reference spectra are available is tedious and often involves a lot of manual work. Integrating high-resolution mass spectrometry with enhancements from chromatographic and ion mobility separation enables the in-depth investigation of intact lipids.

Objectives
We investigated phosphorylated glycosphingolipids from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a biomedical model organism, and aimed to identify different species from this class of lipids, which have been described in one particular publication only. We checked if these lipids can be detected in lipid extracts of C. elegans.

Methods
We used UHPLC-UHR-TOF-MS and UHPLC-TIMS-TOF-MS in combination with dedicated data analysis to check for the presence of phosphorylated glycosphingolipids. Specifically, candidate features were identified in two datasets using Mass Spec Query Language (MassQL) to search fragmentation data. The additional use of retention time (RT) and collisional cross section (CCS) information allowed to filter false positive annotations.

Results
As a result, we detected all previously described phosphorylated glycosphingolipids and novel species as well as their biosynthetic precursors in two different lipidomics datasets. MassQL significantly speeds up the process by saving time that would otherwise be spent on manual data investigations. In total over 20 sphingolipids could be described.

Conclusion
MassQL allowed us to search for phosphorylated glycosphingolipids and their potential biosynthetic precursors systematically. Using orthogonal information such as RT and CCS helped filter false positive results. With the detection in two different datasets, we demonstrate that these sphingolipids are a general part of the C. elegans lipidome.
SIRT5: a potential target for discovering bioactive natural products
Authors: Xie Yuwei , Cai Nali , Liu Xiaohua , He Liangliang , Ma Yiming , Yan Changyu , Liang Juan , Ouyang Shu-Hua , Luo Ao , He Yingzhi , Lu Jun , Ao Dang , Liu Jia , Ye Zhonglv , Liu Bin , He Rong-Rong , Li Wen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Silent information regulator 5 (SIRT5) is the fifth member of the sirtuin family, which is mainly expressed in mitochondrial matrix. SIRT5 plays a key role in metabolism and antioxidant responses, and is an important regulator for maintaining intracellular homeostasis. Given its involvement in multiple cellular processes, dysregulation of SIRT5 activity is associated with a variety of diseases. This review explores the structural characteristics of SIRT5 that influence its substrate specificity, highlights recent research advances, and summarizes its four key enzymatic activities along with their corresponding substrates in disease contexts. We also discuss the natural products that modulate SIRT5 activity and identify potential targets of SIRT5 through virtual docking, which may provide new therapeutic avenues. Although the mechanism of SIRT5 in diseases needs to be further elucidated and deglutathionylation activities are still at an early stage, targeting SIRT5 and its substrates holds significant promise for the development of novel therapeutics.

Graphical abstract
High Temperature Tensile Properties of TiN-Reinforced 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Produced by Laser Powder-Bed Fusion
Authors: Ozsoy Andac , Aydogan Eda , Dericioglu Arcan F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, the effect of TiN particle reinforcements on high temperature tensile behavior of laser powder-bed fusion processed 17-4 PH stainless steel has been investigated. Tensile tests have been conducted at room temperature (RT), 400 °C, and 600 °C. It was observed that the TiN incorporation increased the strength at RT and 400 °C with a slight tradeoff in elongation. However, at 600 °C, yield and tensile strength values were lower for the composite than those of the unreinforced steel matrix, yet with a threefold increase in elongation. Further investigation on the ruptured specimens revealed that dynamic recovery, recrystallization, and phase transformation were responsible for this behavior. It has been concluded that dispersion hardening offers advantages both at room and elevated temperatures, especially in the ranges where the original alloy is normally used. However, the physical characteristics of the matrix become dominant at high temperatures (> 0.5 T

m
), setting an upper bound to the possible contribution of the reinforcement to a selected matrix, yet, enabling for higher ductility.