bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Melanin‐Inspired Maleimide Coatings on Various Substrates for Rapid Thiol Functionalization
Authors: Park Suho , Bisht Himani , Park Seongchul , Jeong Jaehoon , Hong Yubin , Chu Daeun , Koh Minseob , Hong Daewha 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, a substrate‐independent maleimide film is developed that can be formed under mild aqueous conditions (pH 7.4), and which allows rapid and efficient external thiol immobilization onto the coated surfaces. For the coating block, tyrosine‐conjugated maleimide (Tyr‐Mal) containing a phenolic amine moiety is prepared as a substrate‐independent dormant coating precursor, wherein the maleimide component permits a rapid Michael addition reaction with the thiol moiety of interest. By mimicking natural melanogenesis, Tyr‐Mal acts as a substrate for tyrosinase under physiological conditions (pH 7.4) to form a melanin‐inspired maleimide (Mel‐Mal) film on various substrates, including living cell surfaces. The resulting film undergoes a rapid surface reaction (< 30 min) with external thiol groups under mild aqueous conditions. Considering that a typical polydopamine film requires a long reaction time (≈3 h) under alkaline conditions (pH 8.5) to achieve thiol functionalization with low efficiency, the current surface platform demonstrates significant improvements in terms of its reaction kinetics and usability. Moreover, considering that thiol functionalization and surface coating are performed under mild aqueous conditions, it is expected that the developed Mel‐Mal film will be a useful tool in the fields of cell surface engineering, microarrays, and high‐throughput screening.
Corrosion Behavior of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy in High‐Temperature Deionized Water
Authors: Liu Yan , Huang Hualiang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMg alloy corrosion is mainly related to water in ethylene glycol coolant. Meanwhile, engine works, the temperature of coolant reaches 80°C–110°C. Thus the corrosion behavior of AZ31B Mg alloy in high‐temperature deionized water was investigated using weight loss tests, optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the results revealed that its corrosion rate at 90°C was higher than that at 30°C due to the intense hydrogen evolution and its serious destruction to corrosion product film. At 90°C, with raising soaking period, its corrosion rate significantly decreased because of the generation of a more complete corrosion product film. High temperature could cause inner layer MgO to convert into Mg(OH)2, and corrosion products were composed of inner layer MgO and outer layer Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3.
High Refractive Index Aromatic and Ether‐Containing Polythioureas: Improving Transparency and Mechanical Properties via Reciprocal Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Watanabe Seigo , Tsunekawa Yoshino , Oyaizu Kenichi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA series of aromatic‐aliphatic polythiourea copolymers bearing highly polarizable poly(4,4′‐phenylsulfide thiourea) and hydrogen bond (H‐bond) acceptor poly(ether thiourea) units are synthesized. The copolymers are highly refractive (nD = 1.78 at maximum) as a result of high sulfur content and lack of crystallinity and exhibit improved visible transparency (over 95%T in 1 µm thickness) compared to all‐aromatic polythioureas. Further, the copolymers display higher fracture strength upon introducing 20–25 mol% of the poly(ether thiourea) unit, despite the inherent flexibility of ether groups. A detailed spectroscopic investigation indicates that this unique toughening behavior is attributed to the reciprocal (well compatible) intermolecular H‐bonds intersected between aromatic and aliphatic thiourea moieties, as well as dynamic H‐bond slipping/swapping between ether units and thiourea counterparts during the stretching process. These findings provide a rational strategy for simultaneously satisfying superior optical and mechanical properties, broadly applicable to various H‐bond containing high refractive index polymers.
Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers with Controlled Terminal Structures by Direct Arylation Polycondensation and Correlation Between Terminal Structures and Emission Properties
Authors: Hu Ziwei , Yasuda Takeshi , Kanbara Takaki , Kuwabara Junpei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractConjugated polymers are promising semiconducting materials for applications in organic electronic devices such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Recent advances in direct arylation polycondensation have enabled the synthesis of defect‐free polymers in the main chain; however, terminal groups have not been fully investigated. This research focuses on the synthesis of polymers with controlled terminal groups and the evaluation of their effects on photophysical and OLED properties. Investigation of the monomer feed ratio and terminal treatment methods allows the synthesis of three polymers with different terminal groups. The terminal groups affect the photoluminescence quantum yield in the thin‐film state and the external quantum efficiency in OLEDs. These findings indicate that a small percentage of terminal groups in the polymer material has a significant impact on the device properties.
Single‐Layer Reflectarray Providing Broadband Linear‐to‐Circular Polarization Conversion
Authors: Gharbieh Samara , Loison Renaud , Jrad Akil , Harmouch Ali , García‐Vigueras María 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces a single‐layer reflectarray (RA) design capable of converting incoming linearly polarized waves into outgoing circularly polarized ones while focusing the beam. The design employs nonresonant unit cells, extending the classical concept of meander‐line polarizers. These new unit cells enable a 360° phase range while maintaining a 90° phase difference between the two orthogonal components of the reflected field. The RA, based on this concept, is designed, manufactured, and measured, achieving a 38.2% bandwidth with an axial ratio below 2 dB.
A Novel Neural Network Model and Two New Algorithms for Solving Multiobjective Linear Optimization Problems
Authors: Abkhizi Mahboobe , Ghaznavi Mehrdad , Noori Skandari Mohammad Hadi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, the Pareto front of multiobjective linear optimization problems (MLOPs) is approximated via a new neural network (NN) model. Karush‐Kuhn‐Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions for multiobjective linear optimization problems are applied to construct this neural network model. Compared with the available models in the literature, the proposed approach employs the KKT optimality conditions of the main MLOP, not a scalarized problem related to the MLOP. The stability of the suggested NN model in the sense of Lyapunov, is proved. Also, it is shown that the proposed NN is globally convergent to an efficient solution of the main MLOP. Moreover, we present two algorithms to attain some nondominated points with equidistant distribution throughout the Pareto front of bi‐objective and three‐objective optimization problems. In the suggested algorithms we apply some filters to attain a uniform approximation of the Pareto front. Illustrative results are provided to clarify the validity and performance of the introduced model for different categories of MLOPs. Numerical results satisfy the presented theoretical aspects. In order to have a comparison with other methods, three indicators, including Hypervolume (HV), Spacing, and Even distribution (EV), are utilized. Finally, we apply the proposed idea for the sustainable development of a multinational company in automotive engineering.
Enhancing Electrical and Magnetic Properties in SLA 3D Printed Resin Composites With Nano MWCNT, TiN, and c‐BN Powders
Authors: Alshihabi Mamoun , Kayacan Mevlüt Yunus 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the potential applications of nanocomposites formed by integrating novel materials such as multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), titanium nitride (TiN), and cubic boron nitride (c‐BN) with UV resin. The objective is to explore their utilization in modern manufacturing technologies, emphasizing the development of multifunctional composites. This research addresses a critical gap where current composite materials often fail to meet the stringent performance demands for advanced electronic and magnetic applications, particularly at high frequencies. To ensure homogeneity, MWCNT, TiN, and c‐BN nano powders were thoroughly mixed with the resin. Subsequently, stereolithography (SLA) technology was used to manufacture WR‐284 electromagnetic samples from these mixtures. The results demonstrate that the 1% MWCNT sample enhances magnetic permeability (μ′) to values above 1.08 at higher frequencies and significantly reduces dielectric losses, with the imaginary part (μ″) reaching positive values up to 0.07. Similarly, the 1% c‐BN sample shows a high and stable increase in magnetic permeability, with μ′ values consistently above 1.05 and μ″ values reducing energy loss to 0.06. These findings highlight the balance between energy storage and dielectric losses across different modified samples, offering valuable insights into their potential applications. This study fills significant gaps in our understanding of material science and paves the way for innovative industrial applications, particularly in areas requiring efficient magnetic field propagation and minimal energy loss.
Rational construction of polyester/polydimethylsiloxane/boron nitride composite with enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties
Authors: Chen Shaoyang , Yang Xudong , Cong Hongmin , Fang Ye , Wang Yang , Yan Chao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWith the swift evolution of information technology, the heat dissipation of high‐power devices cannot be ignored, and the innovative polymer materials with high thermal conductivity have become the new center of relevant research. Herein, polyester/polydimethylsiloxane/boron nitride (PET/PDMS/BN) composites with excellent mechanical properties, flame retardant performance, and thermal conductivity were prepared by the method of multi‐layer coating. Firstly, boron nitride/polydimethylsiloxane (BN/PDMS) slurries were mechanically stirred and were coated on polyester (PET) fiber cloths, which later were fully immersed and wrapped up by slurries. Composites then became thick enough with multi‐layer PET fiber cloths overlapping each other. Fixated by the smooth and flat acrylic board, PET/PDMS/BN composites were obtained after curing at a certain temperature. Besides, drawbacks like sedimentation and agglomeration caused by the overwhelming quantity of fillers in traditional composites could be avoided through this process, which was beneficial for improving the thermal conductivity. The in‐plane thermal conductivity could be up to 1.99−1W/m·K−1 at 40 wt% filler content, and when the filler content was 60 wt%, the out‐of‐plane thermal conductivity could be 1.01 −1W/m·K−1, demonstrating an enhanced in‐plane orientation. Moreover, this work still succeeded in maintaining a robust structure with a high filler content, which enhanced the potential for industrial applications of composites.Highlights
Raw materials are cheap, and the preparation procedure is simple and convenient.
PET/PDMS/BN excels in flexibility and mechanical properties.
The in‐plane thermal conductivity of PET/PDMS/BN is 1.99 Wm−1 K−1 (40 wt% BN).
PET/PDMS/BN adjusts well with various roughnesses surfaces in practical usages.
The synergy between thermal conductivity and flame retardancy is impressive.
Quality Control of Shenqi Tongmai Oral Liquid Based on Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by Single Marker, Molecular Docking, and Multivariate Statistics
Authors: Li Qian , Wang Li , Tan Liuping , Tao Xiaojing , Zhang Bei , Pei Jingnan , Li Qiuping 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionShenqi Tongmai oral liquid (SQTM) is famous for its remarkable effect in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the SQTM quality evaluation system has not been established.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to establish a method for the determination of nine components of SQTM and to screen quality control indicators to comprehensively evaluate the quality of SQTM.MethodsThe fingerprints of SQTM were established, and the contents of nine components in 17 batches of SQTM were determined based on quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS). The antioxidant activity of samples was determined by the DPPH method and hydroxyl method, and the correlation between the content of nine components and antioxidant activity was analyzed by gray relational analysis (GRA), bivariate correlation analysis (BCA), and partial least squares regression (PLSR). The antioxidant activity of the monomers was confirmed through molecular docking techniques and in vitro experiments.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the content between the QAMS method and the external standard method (p > 0.05). The findings from multivariate statistics, molecular docking, and in vitro validation indicated that rosmarinic acid, luteolin, and protocatechualdehyde exhibited significant antioxidant activities, which were important pharmacodynamic components that exerted antioxidant effects and could serve as quality markers (Q‐Markers).ConclusionThe study elucidated the Q‐Markers of SQTM and provided a relatively comprehensive approach for the assay of SQTM, which is a promising advance in the quality control of SQTM.
Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS): A Turkish Adaptation Study
Authors: Koçak Aylin , Mouratidis Athanasios , Alp Christ Ayşenur , Michou Aikaterini , Sayıl Melike 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis two‐wave study aimed to adapt the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) to the Turkish language and cultural context. At Time 1, participants included 1033 Turkish high school students (Mage = 15.91, SD = 0.36; 41.9% female) from 26 public schools located in Ankara, Türkiye. At Time 2, 849 students continued to participate in the study. A series of CFA provided support to the originally proposed six‐factor solution of the BPNSFS and its time invariance along a 6‐month period. The results also revealed that in addition to the six‐factor model, the Multi‐Trait, Multi‐Method (MTMM) model could also be used in future research. In addition, testing the reliability and validity of the scale, regression analyses showed that satisfaction of the three needs positively predicted life satisfaction and negatively predicted depressive feelings, while an opposite trend was observed for the need frustration. Our findings suggest that the Turkish version of the scale is reliable and carries similar psychometric features to the original version.
Double the Double: Revisiting BCL11B's Multimerization
Authors: Susemihl Anne , Geist Norman , Grabarczyk Piotr , Schmidt Christian A. , Delcea Mihaela , Schulig Lukas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe transcription factor B Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 11B (BCL11B) exerts a bi‐directional function in cancer, with its role as an emerging therapeutic target in cancer treatment being particularly intriguing. BCL11B knockouts in cultured T cells revealed the acquisition of properties characteristic of natural killer cells, hinting at its importance in innate versus adaptive immune regulation. Our previous studies using Förster Resonance Energy Transfer‐assisted Fluorescence‐Activated Cell Sorting and Hybrid Solvent Replica‐Exchange Simulations indicated that BCL11B forms dimers, with this being a prerequisite for its activity. However, size exclusion chromatography and crosslinking experiments have challenged this view, suggesting that BCL11B forms tetramers instead. An atypical CCHC zinc finger motif within the N‐terminal region of the protein mediates multimerization and a novel 3D structure is presented based on extensive replica‐exchange simulations in strong agreement with experimental data. The physiological relevance of multimer formation of this zinc finger protein has been demonstrated previously. Therefore, understanding the nature of BCL11B's multimerization could potentially enhance our ability to target this protein effectively, hopefully paving the way for novel BCL11B‐targeted therapies.
Exploring Graphitic Carbon Nitride as Novel Drug Delivery System for Hesperetin (Anticancer Drug): Insights From DFT Calculations and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Ilyas Mubashar , Khan Maroof Ahmad , Kalsoom Shehwas , Abbas Muhammad , Perveen Mehvish , Iqbal Javed , Muhammad Shabbir , Li Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the present work, density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to explore the interaction between Hesperetin (HST), an anticancer drug, and 2D graphitic carbon nitride (GRP) nanocarrier designed for targeted drug delivery. The B3LYP/B3LYP‐D3 functionals and the 6‐31G (d,p) basis set were used for DFT calculations in both gaseous and solvent environments. The outcomes reveal exothermic adsorption (adsorption energy = −0.18 eV) of HST on the GRP nanocarrier, suggesting increased stability for enhanced drug delivery in biological systems. Calculations of orbital energy and density of state (DOS) demonstrate a reduced HOMO–LUMO energy gap (3.15 eV) of GRP upon interaction with HST. In an aqueous medium, the HST@GRP complex exhibits a higher dipole moment (3.48 D) compared to the gas phase (1.60 D), facilitating effective drug transportation. Charge decomposition analysis (CDA) identifies an orbital overlap between HST and GRP, supported by natural bond orbitals showing evidence of charge transfer. Computational UV–visible spectra closely match with experimental data. The elucidation of the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism explains fluorescence quenching. In summary, these findings suggest the potential of GRP as an efficient nanocarrier for HST drug delivery, encouraging further exploration of 2D nanomaterials in drug transport systems.
Direct Tumour Seeding Following Medical Thoracoscopy in EGFR‐Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Iwasaki Kazuhiko , Okazaki Akihito , Matsuda Yasuhiko 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis case demonstrates the risk of tumour seeding after medical thoracoscopy for EGFR‐mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Clinicians should balance the diagnostic benefits against potential complications, closely monitor intervention sites, and consider early local control strategies such as radiation therapy to effectively manage procedure‐related risks.
Containment Control for Non‐Linear Multi‐Agent Systems Under Distributed Event‐Triggering Intermittent Schemes
Authors: Ma Zhihan , Ding Dong , Tang Ze 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis research investigates the global and exponential leader‐following consensus issue in multi‐agent systems (MASs) that possess nonlinear dynamics, state time‐varying delay, and communication time‐varying delay. It focuses on the consensus scenarios with a single leader and multiple leaders, respectively. An effective distributed intermittent control strategy based on tracking error at control instant is proposed in order to realize the consensus. A novel approach is developed to automatically design the intermittent control sequences by utilizing an event‐triggered mechanism (ETM) with a predetermined detection period. Sufficient criteria are obtained through the utilization of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, general inequalities based on free matrices, the extended Halanay inequality, as well as mathematical induction. Ultimately, two numerical simulations are exploited to prove the effectiveness and validity of the main findings.
Adaptive Tracking Control of Switched Stochastic Non‐Linear Systems With Full State Constraints: A MDADT Switching Method
Authors: Kong Meng‐Ru , Wang Yan‐Wu , Zeng Ze‐Hong , Liu Xiao‐Kang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis article proposes an adaptive tracking control scheme for a class of switched stochastic non‐linear systems subject to full state constraints (FSCs). A unified framework is established by integrating the adaptive backstepping technique with barrier Lyapunov functions (BLFs) to address the time‐varying full state constraints (TFSCs). Accordingly, utilizing the theorem of stochastic non‐linear systems, a new adaptive state feedback control scheme is developed for a class of switching signals with the mode‐dependent average dwell time (MDADT) property. The proposed adaptive controller is mode‐dependent while the adaptive laws are mode‐independent so as to facilitate an easy deployment of the controller. It is rigorously proven that all signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded in probability, the tracking error converges to a bounded compact set, and the TFSCs are not violated. Finally, simulation examples are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the controller.
Proportional Mean Residual Life Model With Varying Coefficients for Right Censored Data
Authors: Wang Bing , Song Xinyuan , Zhao Qian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe mean residual life provides the remaining life expectancy of a subject who has survived to a specific time point. This paper considers a proportional mean residual life model with varying coefficients, which allows one to explore the nonlinear interactions between some covariates and an exposure variable. In a semiparametric setting, we construct local estimating equations to obtain the varying coefficients and establish the asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators. Moreover, the weak convergence property for the local estimator of the baseline mean residual life function is developed. We conduct simulation studies to empirically examine the finite‐sample performance of the proposed methods and apply the methodology to a real‐life dataset on type 2 diabetic complications.
Jointly Modeling Time‐To‐Event and Longitudinal Data With Individual‐Specific Change Points: A Case Study in Modeling Tumor Burden
Authors: Alt Ethan M. , Qu Yixiang , Damone Emily Meghan , Liu Jing‐ou , Wang Chenguang , Ibrahim Joseph G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn oncology clinical trials, tumor burden (TB) stands as a crucial longitudinal biomarker, reflecting the toll a tumor takes on a patient's prognosis. With certain treatments, the disease's natural progression shows the tumor burden initially receding before rising once more. Biologically, the point of change may be different between individuals and must have occurred between the baseline measurement and progression time of the patient, implying a random effects model obeying a bound constraint. However, in practice, patients may drop out of the study due to progression or death, presenting a non‐ignorable missing data problem. In this paper, we introduce a novel joint model that combines time‐to‐event data and longitudinal data, where the latter is parameterized by a random change point augmented by random pre‐slope and post‐slope dynamics. Importantly, the model is equipped to incorporate covariates across the longitudinal and survival models, adding significant flexibility. Adopting a Bayesian approach, we propose an efficient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm for parameter inference. We demonstrate the superiority of our approach compared to a longitudinal‐only model via simulations and apply our method to a data set in oncology. The code for implementation is publicly available on https://github.com/quyixiang/chgptModel.