bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcaneal Osteotomies in Prevention of Deformity-Driven Subtalar Joint Arthritis
Authors: Vacketta Vincent G. , Togher Cody J. , Prissel Mark A. , Thompson John M. 
Published: November 2022

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Calcaneal osteotomies (CO) have been described thoroughly in reduction of hindfoot and global deformities of the foot and ankle. Their ability to alter the ground reactive forces and abnormal joint motion in various deformities, realigning the mechanical axes to a more normal alignment has been well-described in the literature. Despite the high volume of studies involving calcaneal osteotomies in the correction of hindfoot deformities, few have investigated the protective nature of them in the prevention of end-stage osteoarthritis of the subtalar joint. The purpose of the present study was to identify the preventative nature of calcaneal osteotomies in the prevention of deformity-driven subtalar joint arthritis. Methods: 255 patients who underwent various calcaneal osteotomies (medial calcaneal displacement, lateral column lengthening, Dwyer) in a 2-year span were reviewed. Minimum of 3 years of follow up was required for the present study, and patient charts were reviewed to see if any went on to subtalar joint fusion secondary to deformity-driven osteoarthritis. Charts were also evaluated for hardware removal and nonunion rates, while lateral radiographs were evaluated for preoperative and long-term postoperative arthritis based on the Kellgren-Lawrence scale. Results: After inclusion criteria was applied, 44 patients were ultimately included in the study with an average follow up time of 51.8 months. In the end, 2.3% of patients underwent subtalar joint arthrodesis for treatment of deformity-driven osteoarthritis (1/44). Hardware removal and nonunion rates were 25% (11/44) and 2.3% (1/44), respectively. Kellgren-Lawrence evaluation showed there was some protective nature of CO's in prevention of subtalar joint arthritis, but the inter-observer coefficient was fair between two observers. ICC was fair for preoperative Kelgren Lawrence scores between the two presenters (ICC = 0.664), and poor for postoperative Kelgren Lawrence scores (ICC = 0.459). Conclusion: This is one of the only studies to evaluate the protective nature of calcaneal osteotomies in the prevention of deformity-driven subtalar joint arthritis. Clinical evaluation of this group suggested there is some protective nature in calcaneal osteotomies in the prevention of subtalar joint arthritis requiring arthrodesis, supporting the use of these osteotomies in the correction of hindfoot deformities. While the identified KG scores were not consistent between the two presenters, this is consistent with previous studies who investigated KG in the subtalar joint.
Kinematic, Electromyographic Activity and Muscular Architecture Description in Patients Operated with Pars-Dresden Technique
Authors: Valencia Oscar , Silva Diego , Rossi Rafael , Guzman-Venegas Rodrigo , Pellegrini Manuel J. , Ortiz Cristian A. , Chaparro Felipe R. , Carcuro Giovanni M. , Espinoza Carolina Avilés 
Published: November 2022

Category: Sports; Ankle; Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Kinematic, muscular architecture and myoelectric activity are altered during the healing process after Achilles tendon surgery. Currently, there are minimally invasive surgical techniques (PARS-Dresden) which have accelerated rehabilitation processes. However, evidence that compares kinematic, architecture and myoelectric activity between operated vs. non-operated leg is limited. The aim of this study is to describe the kinematic changes, muscular architecture and electromyographic (EMG) activity of the lower limb between operated vs. non-operated legs after Achilles tendon surgery. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, patients undergoing the PARS-Dresden technique for acute Achilles tendon ruptures were invited to participate. We excluded patients with previous injuries or surgery in lower limbs that affect gait, muscular activity, or architecture. Eleven patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Patients were evaluated at three time-frames: 8, 12, and 24 weeks. Evaluations were performed walking on a treadmill at self-selected speed, while kinematic and surface EMG activity was measured in stance and swing phases of the gait. Kinematic variables were captured using a 3D motion analysis system with eight infrared cameras and twenty reflective markers over the lower limbs. Muscle architecture was evaluated using ultrasonography. A descriptive analysis was performed comparing operated versus non-operated legs. Results: Median age 36 years, 3 females. Kinematic evaluation shows sagittal plane asymmetry between operated versus non- operated legs at 8 and 12w. However, the 24w evaluation shows symmetry between both lower limbs. The EMG shows lower activity in the stance phase for the medial gastrocnemius, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus for operated legs at 8w and 12w, but at the 24w evaluation the activity was symmetric for these muscles evaluated in both legs. The muscular architecture shows less thickness in gastrocnemius muscles in the operated leg at 8w (median 11.2% operated vs 35.4% no-operated), reaching a symmetric thickness at 24w (median 34.2% operated vs 35.7% no-operated). Achilles tendon present asymmetric transversal area between both legs at three time-frames (median 1.88 cm2 versus 0.59 cm2). The pennation angles showed no difference between both legs in the three evaluation periods (median 22.0° versus 24.3° for MG, and 15.0° versus 13.5° for LG). Conclusion: We described kinematic, electromyographic and architectonic asymmetries between operated versus non-operated legs at 8 and 12 weeks postoperative of patients who underwent PARS-Dresden surgery for acute Achilles tendon ruptures. All patients achieved symmetric results at 24 weeks evaluation.
Equity in access to safely managed sanitation and prevalence of diarrheal diseases in Bangladesh: a national and sub-national analysis
Authors: Akter Jahanara , Islam Md. Rashedul , Akter Shamima , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Hossain Fahima , Anam Md Rifat , Alam Md. Ashraful , Sultana Papia , Rashid Shahedur 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In Bangladesh, safely managed sanitation (SMS) coverage is low, and diarrheal disease is a significant health problem. This study estimated the inequality in access to SMS facilities at the national and sub-national levels and assessed the prevalence of diarrheal diseases in connection with these improved facilities.

Methods
Data were extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, conducted during 2017–2018. SMS was defined as using an improved sanitation facility, which designed to hygienically separate excreta from human contact and include the use of a flush toilet connected to piped sewer system, septic tank, ventilated improved pit latrine, pit latrine with a slab, and composting toilet. The slope index of inequality (SII) and multi-level regression models were used for inequality and risk factors of SMS respectively.

Results
The national coverage of SMS was 44.0% (45.3% and 43.5% in urban and rural areas, respectively). At the sub-national level, the lowest and highest coverage of SMS was observed in Mymensingh (32.9%) and Chittagong (54.1%) divisions, respectively. The national level SII indicated that wealthy households had access to higher SMS by 60.8 percentage points than poor households. Additionally, greater inequality was observed in rural areas, which was 71.9 percentage points higher in the richest households than in the poorest households. The coverage gap between the rich and poor was highest in the Sylhet division (85.3 percentage points higher in rich than in poor) and lowest in Dhaka (34.9 percentage points). Old and highly educated household heads and richest households had better access to higher levels of adequate sanitation. After adjusting for confounding variables, the prevalence of diarrheal disease was 14.0% lower in the SMS user group than in their counterparts.

Conclusion
Substantial inequalities in access to SMS exist at both national and sub-national levels of Bangladesh, with the prevalence of diarrhea being lower among SMS users. These findings may help to prioritize resources for reducing inequality and expanding the coverage of improved sanitation in Bangladesh.
Associations of extended work, higher workloads and emotional work demands with sleep disturbance among night-shift workers
Authors: Jeon Bo Min , Kim Su Hyun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In-depth investigation of the factors that exacerbate sleep disturbance among night-shift workers is essential to develop a successful implementation strategy to improve sleep. Although some characteristics of work associated with sleep disturbances have been investigated, there are inconsistencies in the findings. This study aimed to assess the influence of working time and work characteristics on sleep disturbance among night-shift workers.

Methods
This study was a secondary data analysis of a nationally representative sample of data from the fifth Korean Working Condition Survey in 2017. A total of 1,790 wage workers aged between 19 and 64 years with night shift schedules were selected and analyzed. A multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influences of working time characteristics, including shift type, frequency of night shift, and extended work; as well as work characteristics, including physical work demands, workload, emotional work demands, social support, and communication, on sleep disturbance among night-shift workers.

Results
Of those analyzed, 8.4% of night-shift workers experienced sleep disturbances. Night-shift workers with extended work, higher workloads, and emotional work demands were more likely to experience sleep disturbances (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.23; OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.03; OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.05; respectively).

Conclusion
Extended work, higher workload, and emotional work demands were significant factors for sleep disturbance among night-shift workers. These findings highlight the importance of adjusting work demands and mitigating extended work to reduce sleep disturbance in night-shift workers.
Relationship between estrus endometrial edema and progesterone production in pregnant mares two weeks after ovulation
Authors: Grabowska Anna , Kozdrowski Roland 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Progesterone plays a crucial role in the maintenance of pregnancy from conception to about 100–120 days of gestation when placenta becomes the main source of gestagens. The aim of the study was to test progesterone concentration 14 days after ovulation in pregnant mares and relate it to peak estral endometrial edema and the presence of intrauterine fluid (IUF) after artificial insemination (AI), the number of treatments against IUF, and the time from AI to the day when the uterus was found free of fluid.

Results
Mares were divided into two groups: group A (n = 13; age 10.8 ± 4.5 years) in which a normal embryonic vesicle with a diameter ≥ 14 mm and a corpus luteum with a diameter ≥ 15 mm were found 14 days after ovulation, and group B (n = 22; age 9.4 ± 4 .0 years) in which 14 days after ovulation, a small (< 15 mm) corpus luteum and/or a small embryonic vesicle was observed (diameter < 14 mm). Mares from group A had a significantly higher progesterone concentrations at 14 days after ovulation compared with group B mares. The presence of IUF, the number of treatments against IUF, and the time from AI to the day when uterus was found free of fluid did not affect progesterone concentration measured 14 days after ovulation. In group B, a significant correlation was found between progesterone concentration measured 14 days after ovulation and endometrial edema evaluated during estrus.

Conclusions
In some cases poor development of endometrial edema during estrus can be associated with lower progesterone production 14 days after ovulation. Nevertheless, scientific explanation for this finding cannot be given based on our study.
Management of type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reactions to antituberculosis drug: succesful desensitization
Authors: Katran Zeynep Yegin , Bulut İsmet , Babalik Aylin , Keren Metin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the prevalence of type 1 hypersensitivity reaction under tuberculosis treatment and the management of hypersensitivity.

Methods
The study is a case series. All of the patients who were hospitalized between 01.02.2015–01.05.2021 were examined. All patients who developed a drug-induced type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction were included. Antituberculosis drugs were given with the protocol made by Buhari et al. However, unlike what is stated in the protocol, pyrazinamide was given last during the administration of the drugs.

Results
2677 patients received inpatient tuberculosis treatment; type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reactions were seen in 94 (3.5%) patients. Due to missing data in the file, 81 patients were included in the study. 44 (54.3%) of the cases were women; mean age (mean ± SD) 50.7 ± 17.69 years; 76 (93.8%) of them are citizens of the Republic of Turkey; 58 (71.6%) of them were diagnosed bacteriologically; 65 (80.2%) of them were pulmonary tuberculosis. The most common skin finding was urticaria in 49 (60.5%). The drug responsible for the most common reaction was pyrazinamide. In 49 (60.5%) cases, drugs were given by desensitization and it was successful. The duration of treatment was 7.91 ± 2.5 months (6–18 months). When evaluated in terms of treatment results, 68 (84%) patients successfully completed the treatment.

Conclusion
Our study is the largest series of patients who developed type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction while receiving antituberculosis treatment. A practical, easy desensitization scheme has been shared.
Evaluation of the national sobriety checkpoints program in Mexico: a difference-in-difference approach with variation in timing of program adoption
Authors: Mullachery Pricila H. , Quistberg D. Alex , Lazo Mariana , Indvik Katherine , Perez-Ferrer Carolina , López-Olmedo Nancy , Colchero M. Arantxa , Bilal Usama 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundUp to a third of global road traffic deaths, and one in five in Mexico, are attributable to alcohol. In 2013, Mexico launched a national sobriety checkpoints program designed to reduce drink-driving in municipalities with high rates of alcohol-related collisions. Our study measured the association between the sobriety checkpoints program and road traffic mortality rates in 106 urban municipalities.MethodsWe leveraged data from the Salud Urbana en America Latina (SALURBAL), which compiles health and environmental data from cities with over 100,000 residents. Death data from 2005 to 2019 (i.e., outcome) were from official vital statistics. Among 106 Mexican municipalities defined as priority areas for intervention, 54 adopted the program (i.e., treatment) in 2013, 16 municipalities did so in 2014, 16 in 2015, 10 in 2016, 7 in 2017, and 2 in 2019. We used a difference-in-difference approach with inverse probability weighting adapted to a context where program adoption is staggered over time.ResultsThere was a 12.3% reduction in road traffic fatalities per 10,000 passenger vehicles in the post-treatment period compared to the pre-treatment period (95% Confidence Interval, − 17.8; − 6,5). There was a clear trend of decline in mortality in municipalities that adopted the program (vs. comparison) particularly after year 2 of the program.ConclusionsIn this study of 106 municipalities in Mexico, we found a 12.3% reduction in traffic fatalities associated with the adoption of sobriety checkpoints. There was a clear trend indicating that this association increased over time, which is consistent with sustained changes in drink-driving behavior. These findings provide support and insight for efforts to implement and evaluate the impact of sobriety checkpoint policies across Latin America.
Migration complications of lumboperitoneal shunts
Authors: Elshirbiny Mohammad Fekry , Badr Hatem , ahmed Assem , serag Samer , Khalil Amr farid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Lumboperitoneal (LP) shunts have been described as a safe and effective option for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). However, it had many complications, including migration. Herein, we report our experience regarding the incidence, different sites, presentation, and management of LP shunt migration in patients with IIH.

Patients and methods
This retrospective series reviewed the data of IIH patients who had migration after LP shunt during the period between January 2018 and June 2021.

Results
From 67 patients who had LP shunt, 12 patients developed shunt migration. Two cases had intrathecal migration, while three cases had intraperitoneal migration. In four cases, the distal tube migrated to the subcutaneous location at the abdomen, whereas the other two cases had the proximal tube migrated outside the thecal sac to the subcutaneous location in the back. In one case, the distal tube migrated from the abdomen to the back subcutaneously.

Conclusion
The insertion of LP shunts appears to be a relatively safe technique. Shunt migration, on the other hand, is a common side effect. While various theories have been proposed to explain shunt migration, good shunt fixation remains the most critical component in preventing shunt migration.
Assessment of disease knowledge gaps among beta thalassemia major patients and their caregivers
Authors: Nassim Mariam Saad , Mahmoud Manar Ahmed , Abu Shady Hend , Mohammed Eman Abd El Raouf 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Thalassemia constitutes a major health issue in Egypt. It is associated with significant mortality and morbidity that arise mainly from iron overload secondary to blood transfusions.

Methods
We conducted this cross-sectional study at Cairo University children hospitals aiming at assessing the patients’ and their caregivers’ knowledge about thalassemia, and to identify factors affecting their knowledge in the period from December 2020 to August 2021.

Results
The study included 45 thalassemia patients aged 10–14 years and 45 caregivers of patients who were less than 10 years of age. A knowledge questionnaire was generated from an educational script prepared by the investigators and translated into Arabic language. Thirty-one patients and 44 caregivers responded to the questionnaire individually, while 15 patient/parent pairs worked on the questionnaire together at their request. Age of patients ranged from 2 to 14 years, majority were males. Disease duration ranged from 0 to 13 years and the majority were following in the pediatric hematology clinic on a monthly basis. Candidates showed strong knowledge in areas related to symptoms and signs. On the other hand, they showed critical knowledge gaps in the areas of blood transfusions complications and iron chelation. Patients and caregivers scored similarly in various questionnaire topics with no significant difference. Gender, consanguinity, similar conditions in the family and frequent follow-up did not affect the score of the study participants, though longer duration of illness was positively correlated with the overall scores.

Conclusions
Thalassemia patients and their caregivers have significant knowledge gaps in areas of chelation therapy and transfusion complications.
Superfluidity vs. prethermalisation in a nonlinear Floquet system
Authors: Mu S. , Macé N. , Gong J. , Miniatura C. , Lemarié G. , Albert M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We show that superfluidity can be used to prevent thermalisation in a nonlinear Floquet system. Generically, periodic driving boils an interacting system to a featureless infinite temperature state. Fast driving is a known strategy to postpone Floquet heating with a large but always finite boiling time. In contrast, using a nonlinear periodically driven system on a lattice, we show the existence of a continuous class of initial states which do not thermalise at all. This absence of thermalisation is associated to the existence and persistence of a stable superflow motion.
Euglena International Network (EIN): Driving euglenoid biotechnology for the benefit of a challenged world
Authors: Ebenezer ThankGod Echezona , Low Ross S. , O'Neill Ellis Charles , Huang Ishuo , DeSimone Antonio , Farrow Scott C. , Field Robert A. , Ginger Michael L. , Guerrero Sergio Adrián , Hammond Michael , Hampl Vladimír , Horst Geoff , Ishikawa Takahiro , Karnkowska Anna , Linton Eric W. , Myler Peter , Nakazawa Masami , Cardol Pierre , Sánchez-Thomas Rosina , Saville Barry J. , Shah Mahfuzur R. , Simpson Alastair G. B. , Sur Aakash , Suzuki Kengo , Tyler Kevin M. , Zimba Paul V. , Hall Neil , Field Mark C. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Euglenoids (Euglenida) are unicellular flagellates possessing exceptionally wide geographical and ecological distribution. Euglenoids combine a biotechnological potential with a unique position in the eukaryotic tree of life. In large part these microbes owe this success to diverse genetics including secondary endosymbiosis and likely additional sources of genes. Multiple euglenoid species have translational applications and show great promise in production of biofuels, nutraceuticals, bioremediation, cancer treatments and more exotically as robotics design simulators. An absence of reference genomes currently limits these applications, including development of efficient tools for identification of critical factors in regulation, growth or optimization of metabolic pathways. The Euglena International Network (EIN) seeks to provide a forum to overcome these challenges. EIN has agreed specific goals, mobilized scientists, established a clear roadmap (Grand Challenges), connected academic and industry stakeholders and is currently formulating policy and partnership principles to propel these efforts in a coordinated and efficient manner.
A systematic review assessing the effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) individuals
Authors: Malik Soniya A. , Modarage Kavindiya , Goggolidou Paraskevi 
Published: November 2022

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that has rapidly spread across the world with a detrimental effect on the global population. Several reports have highlighted an increased mortality rate and a higher severity of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease (CKD) individuals. Upon the development of various SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, mRNA vaccines including BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 were deemed safe, with a high efficacy in preventing COVID-19 in the general population. This review investigates whether SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines are as effective in triggering an immune response in Dialysis Patients (DPs) and Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs) and if a third dose is required in this population. Methods: A systematic search employing the PRISMA criteria was conducted in several major databases, with the data being extracted from publications for the period January 2021 to May 2022 (PROSPERO: CRD42022338514, June 15, 2022). Results: 80 studies were included in this analysis with a total cohort number of 15,059 participants. Overall, 85.29% (OR = 17.08, 95% CI = 15.84-18.42, I2 = 98%) and 41.06% (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.48-0.5, I2 = 95%) of DPs and KTRs included in this review showed positive seroconversion after two doses of either mRNA vaccine, respectively. A total 76% (OR = 6.53, 95% CI = 5.63-7.5, I2 = 96%) of the cohort given a third dose of an mRNA vaccine demonstrated positive seroconversion, with 61.86% (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.95-2.75 I2 = 95%) of the cohort that was assessed for a cellular response displaying a positive response. Conclusions: This data emphasises a reduced incidence of a positive immune response in DPs and KTRs compared to healthy controls, albeit a better response in DPs than when compared to KTRs alone was observed. A third dose appears to increase the occurrence of an immune response in the overall DP/KTR cohort.