bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability of Response in the First Sixteen Weeks After Starting Biologics: An Analysis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Biologics Trials
Authors: Lim Lily Siok Hoon , Lokku Armend , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Ringold Sarah 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesMost juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) trials used an open‐label run‐in period followed by randomized medication withdrawal. We used data from the run‐in period of 4 bDMARD trials to 1) delineate early response trajectory to bDMARDs and 2) identify predictors of early response.MethodsData from the first 16 weeks of 4 bDMARD trials were used. The primary outcome was the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Pediatric 50 (Pedi 50) response criteria: clinically significant response defined as ACR Pedi 50 or greater. The secondary outcome was the clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score in 10 joints (cJADAS10) minimal disease activity state. Response transition rates and predictors were modeled using an inhomogeneous Markov multistate model.ResultsFive hundred thirty‐two participants (70% receiving methotrexate, 41% prednisone) were included. By month 4, the probability of attaining ACR Pedi 50 or greater was 0.698. If ACR Pedi 50 or more was not achieved by month 1, the probability of achieving it by month 4 was 0.60. If ACR Pedi 50 or more was not achieved by month 3, the probability of achieving this by month 4 was 0.31. Age at diagnosis, disease duration, baseline rheumatoid factor, and active joint counts predicted ACR and cJADAS state transitions, adjusted for concomitant treatment.ConclusionsNo response ACR Pedi 50 or more by month 1 after treatment was associated with a 0.60 probability of responding by month 4, but not responding by month 3 was associated with a 0.31 probability of response by month 4. Baseline disease duration, rheumatoid factor, and active joint counts predicted early treatment response (ACR and cJADAS10 states).
Understanding the Impact and Tackling the Burden of Osteoarthritis for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People
Authors: O'Brien Penny , Prehn Ryan , Green Charmaine , Lin Ivan , Flanagan Wanda , Conley Brooke , Bessarab Dawn , Coffin Juli , Choong Peter F. M. , Dowsey Michelle M. , Bunzli Samantha 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to understand and describe the lived experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with osteoarthritis.MethodsQualitative study guided by cultural security, which ensures that research is conducted in a way that will not compromise the cultural values, beliefs, and expectations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Participants were purposively sampled through the networks of project staff. Research yarns (a cultural form of conversation used as a data gathering tool) were conducted with 25 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults with self‐reported osteoarthritis in Western Australia and Victoria, Australia. Data were analyzed using a framework approach and presented through composite storytelling (hypothetical stories representing an amalgam of participants’ experiences).ResultsTwo composite stories were constructed to reflect themes relating to beliefs and knowledge, impact, coping, and health care experiences. Common beliefs held by participants were that osteoarthritis is caused by previous physically active lifestyles. Many participants feared for their future, increasing disability and needing a wheelchair. Pain associated with osteoarthritis impacted daily activities, sleep, work, family, and social life and cultural activities. Multidimensional impacts were often experienced within complex health or life circumstances and associated with increased anxiety and depression. Most participants reported negative health care experiences, characterized by poor patient–provider communication.ConclusionOur findings highlight that osteoarthritis is a multidimensional issue for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people that permeates all aspects of life and highlights the need for integrated, multidisciplinary care that is culturally informed and individualized to patient need.
Facile and Scalable Synthesis of Ag Nano‐Flowers that Can be Sintered Below 120 °C
Authors: Guo Zeliang , Lang Jialiang , Zhang Haitian , Yang Cheng , Lin Sen , Wu Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSilver particles are key materials for the production of conductive inks, which are typically thermally sintered to obtain high conductivity. However, it remains a big challenge to achieve high conductivity at temperatures lower than 150 °C, for the protection of heat‐sensitive components in printed electronic devices. In this study, a novel frigid synthesis strategy at subzero temperature (Celsius) to produce Ag NPs with rich, rose‐like nanostructures (Ag nano‐flowers) is developed. The growth mechanism of Ag nano‐flowers under frigid conditions is analyzed and discussed. Due to the fine nanoscale structure of Ag nano‐flowers, they exhibit low sintering temperature below 120 °C. The electrical conductivity of printed Ag nano‐flower foil reaches 8.64 × 104 S cm−1 at 120 °C, and 1.20 × 105 S cm−1 at 150 °C. This study provides an attractive approach to the facile fabrication of Ag nano‐flowers with high electronic conductivity sintered at low temperatures and grants new insights into nanocrystallization under low‐temperature conditions.
An Investigation of Monolayer As1−xPx Solid Solutions: From a Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Ma Xiaoyang , Li Dechun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPhase stability and disordered solid solutions should be noticed in theoretical works due to the operating temperature up to several hundred Kelvin in the normal growth process. To better understand the properties of monolayer As1−xPx solid solutions, the phase diagram and properties of both ordered and disordered structures are investigated from a theoretical perspective. It is found that monolayer As1−xPx prefer phase‐separating structures at low temperatures and will form disordered solid solutions with temperature elevating. Considering that random atomic arrangement will destroy the inner symmetry of structures, disordered solid solutions are expected to hold piezoelectric properties which are not available in the phase‐separating ordered structures. The strains induced properties are examined which could give a detailed picture of the electronic and catalytic properties. Here, the systematic investigation of As1−xPx will be valuable for understanding monolayer As1−xPx solid solutions and is believed to set a tone for applications in further electronics and optoelectronic applications.
The Degradation of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 Kesterite Thin Film Solar Cells Induced by Proton Radiation
Authors: Zhao Yun , Bai Qianqian , Chai Liqiang , Dong Xiaofei , Chen Jiangtao , Chen Jianbiao , Li Yan , Han Xiuxun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAiming at the current bottleneck of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells, an experimental analysis of the performance and loss mechanism of CZTSSe thin film solar cells upon proton radiation exposure is presented. In order to deduce the important cell parameters, the environment of the cells is simulated by subjecting the devices to 200 keV proton irradiation with fluences from 1 × 1010 to 1 × 1017 cm‐2. It is found that the damage constants are sensitive to the elemental diffusion at heterojunction and Na redistribution in device. The incidence of the proton can lead to bandgap, tails fluctuations, and Urbach energy changes in the cells those directly impact defects and structural disorder in CZTSSe material thereby the device performance. The time‐resolved photoluminescence results show that the carrier lifetime is also very sensitive to the distribution of interface elements, especially Na, Cd, and S. These findings may provide new ideas for solving the VOC deficit of CZTSSe solar cells. From this work, it can be also suggested that the CZTSSe thin film solar cells are robust to proton irradiation and have the potential for future space applications.
Aberrant Cholesterol Metabolism and Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Coalesce via Frizzled5 in Supporting Cancer Growth
Authors: Zheng Shaoqin , Lin Jiahui , Pang Zhongqiu , Zhang Hui , Wang Yinuo , Ma Lanjing , Zhang Haijiao , Zhang Xi , Chen Maorong , Zhang Xinjun , Zhao Chao , Qi Jun , Cao Liu , Wang Min , He Xi , Sheng Ren 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFrizzled (Fzd) proteins are Wnt receptors and play essential roles in development, homeostasis, and oncogenesis. How Wnt/Fzd signaling is coupled to physiological regulation remains unknown. Cholesterol is reported as a signaling molecule regulating morphogen such as Hedgehog signaling. Despite the elusiveness of the in‐depth mechanism, it is well‐established that pancreatic cancer specially requires abnormal cholesterol metabolism levels for growth. In this study, it is unexpectedly found that among ten Fzds, Fzd5 has a unique capacity to bind cholesterol specifically through its conserved extracellular linker region. Cholesterol‐binding enables Fzd5 palmitoylation, which is indispensable for receptor maturation and trafficking to the plasma membrane. In Wnt‐addicted pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), cholesterol stimulates tumor growth via Fzd5‐mediated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. A natural oxysterol, 25‐hydroxylsterol competes with cholesterol and inhibits Fzd5 maturation and Wnt signaling, thereby alleviating PDAC growth. This cholesterol‐receptor interaction and ensuing receptor lipidation uncover a novel mechanism by which Fzd5 acts as a cholesterol sensor and pivotal connection coupling lipid metabolism to morphogen signaling. These findings further suggest that cholesterol‐targeting may provide new therapeutic opportunities for treating Wnt‐dependent cancers.
FOXM1 Inhibition Enhances the Therapeutic Outcome of Lung Cancer Immunotherapy by Modulating PD‐L1 Expression and Cell Proliferation
Authors: Madhi Hamadi , Lee Jeon‐Soo , Choi Young Eun , Li Yan , Kim Myoung Hee , Choi Yongdoo , Goh Sung‐Ho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProgrammed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) is a major target to cancer immunotherapy, and anti‐PD‐L1 and anti‐PD‐1 antibody‐mediated immunotherapy are being increasingly used. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are ineffective in treating large tumors and cause various immune‐related adverse events in nontarget organs, including life‐threatening cardiotoxicity. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome these limitations is crucial. The focus of this study is the forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1), which is identified as a potential therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy and is associated with the modulation of PD‐L1 expression. Selective small interfering RNA knockdown of FOXM1 or treatment with thiostrepton (TST) significantly reduces PD‐L1 expression in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and inhibits proliferation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation‐PCR reveals that FOXM1 selectively upregulates PD‐L1 expression by binding directly to the PD‐L1 promoter. In vivo animal studies have shown that TST treatment significantly downregulates PD‐L1 expression in human NSCLC tumors, while greatly reducing tumor size without side effects on normal tissues. Combined treatment with TST and anti‐4‐1BB antibody in the LLC‐1 syngeneic tumor model induces synergistic therapeutic outcomes against immune resistant lung tumors as well as 2.72‐folds higher CD3+ T cells in tumor tissues compared to that in the anti‐4‐1BB antibody treatment group.
Synthesis of Large‐Area MXenes with High Yields through Power‐Focused Delamination Utilizing Vortex Kinetic Energy
Authors: Zhang Qingxiao , Fan Runze , Cheng Weihua , Ji Peiyi , Sheng Jie , Liao Qingliang , Lai Huirong , Fu Xueli , Zhang Chenhao , Li Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEvaluating the delamination process in the synthesis of MXenes (2D transition metal carbides and nitrides) is critical for their development and applications. However, the preparation of large defect‐free MXene flakes with high yields is challenging. Here, a power‐focused delamination (PFD) strategy is demonstrated that can enhance both the delamination efficiency and yield of large Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets through repetitive precipitation and vortex shaking processes. Following this protocol, a colloidal concentration of 20.4 mg mL–1 of the Ti3C2Tx MXene can be achieved after five PFD cycles, and the yield of the basal‐plane‐defect‐free Ti3C2Tx nanosheets reaches 61.2%, which is 6.4‐fold higher than that obtained using the sonication–exfoliation method. Both nanometer‐thin devices and self‐supporting films exhibit excellent electrical conductivities (≈25 000 and 8260 S cm‐1 for a 1.8 nm thick monolayer and 11 µm thick film, respectively). Hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the PFD method can efficiently concentrate the shear stress on the surface of the unexfoliated material, leading to the exfoliation of the nanosheets. The PFD‐synthesized large MXene nanosheets exhibit superior electrical conductivities and electromagnetic shielding (shielding effectiveness per unit volume: 35 419 dB cm2 g–1). Therefore, the PFD strategy provides an efficient route for the preparation of high‐performance single‐layer MXene nanosheets with large areas and high yields.
24.11% High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells by Dual Interfacial Carrier Mobility Enhancement and Charge‐Carrier Transport Balance
Authors: Zhang Yuhong , Xu Lin , Sun Jiao , Wu Yanjie , Kan Zitong , Zhang Huan , Yang Long , Liu Bin , Dong Biao , Bai Xue , Song Hongwei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are detrimentally weakened by carrier loss at the perovskite/charge transport layers (CTLs) interfaces. Herein, a dual interfacial modification strategy via placing Nb2CTx nanosheets with tailored optoelectrical properties induced by manipulating surface terminal groups at both perovskite/CTLs interfaces is employed. Such tactics not only concurrently implement carrier mobility enhancement of CTLs and interface energy‐levels offsets reduction. More importantly, electrical simulation indicates that the Nb2CTx with O terminal groups located at grain boundaries of the perovskite layer, can more efficiently conduct hole current to the hole transport layer, therefore achieving charge‐carrier transport balance in device. As a result, the synergy effect effectively elevates both the VOC and FF of the cells, reaching maximum values of 1.253 V and 81.07%, respectively, finally delivering progressively increased device power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.11% with negligible hysteresis. This PCE value ranks in the highest values to date for PSCs employing MXenes materials. Moreover, the optimized devices show better thermal and light stability than control devices. This work demonstrates a simple and effective dual interfacial modification method utilizing Nb2CTx for photovoltaic field, involving photodetectors, light‐emitting diodes, sensors, etc.
Solvothermal liquefaction of waste polyurethane using supercritical toluene in presence of noble metal catalysts
Authors: Ghalandari Vahab , Banivaheb Soudeh , Peterson Jessica , Smith Hunter , Reza M. Toufiq 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSolvothermal liquefaction (STL) is a thermochemical conversion method that uses sub‐or supercritical solvents to convert waste plastics like waste polyurethane (PU) into value‐added chemicals. This study aimed to evaluate catalytic STL utilizing toluene as a solvent for depolymerization of waste PU into valuable products. The effect of catalyst type (Pt/C, Pd/C, and Ru/C), catalyst loading (0–10 wt%), STL reaction temperature (330°C, 350°C, and 370°C), STL residence time (1, 3, and 5 h), and hydrogen loading (25, 50, and 75 bar) on STL conversion were studied. Results showed that Ru/C outperformed Pt/C and Pd/C and the STL conversion reached to as high as 87.2%. The concentrations of nitrogen‐containing components like aniline and p‐aminotoluene were increased with the increase of Ru/C loading and STL reaction temperature.
Rational screening of metal catalysts for selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid from microkinetic analysis
Authors: Yan Hao , Li Shangfeng , Feng Xiang , Lu Jiarong , Zheng Xiuhui , Li Ruiying , Zhou Xin , Chen Xiaobo , Liu Yibin , Chen De , Shan Honghong , Yang Chaohe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRational screening of efficient supported metal catalysts is still a great challenge due to the complicated reaction mechanism for selective polyol oxidation. Exemplifying glycerol oxidation to glyceric acid as a model reaction, we perform a DFT assisted descriptor based microkinetic modeling to reveal the underlying mechanism. It is found that the addition/formation of OH− could polarize the metal surface (M‐OH*) to regulate the d‐band center of Pt accompanied by the electron transfer from OH− to metal atoms, thus promoting the adsorption of glycerol. Moreover, the linear chemisorption energy and transition state energy scaling relations are well established on the formation energies of adsorbed C and O. Activity map obtained from descriptor based microkinetic analysis demonstrates that Pt and Ir metals exhibit the highest catalytic activity. Meanwhile, further analysis of the desorption energy and CC bond cleavage activation energy of glyceric acid product shows that Au and Pt metals display the optimal glyceric acid selectivity. Satisfactorily, these results from microkinetic analysis are in good agreement with the comparative experimental results. The insights revealed here may open a new avenue for rational design of transition metal catalysts in the bio‐polyol oxidation system.
The diverse pleiotropic effects of spliceosomal protein PUF60: A case series of Verheij syndrome
Authors: Fennell Andrew Paul , Baxter Anne Elizabeth , Berkovic Samuel Frank , Ellaway Carolyn Jane , Forwood Caitlin , Hildebrand Michael Stephen , Kumble Smitha , McKeown Colina , Mowat David , Poke Gemma , Rajagopalan Sulekha , Regan Brigid M. , Scheffer Ingrid Eileen , Stark Zornitza , Stutterd Chloe Alice , Tan Tiong Yang , Wilkins Ella Jane , Yeung Alison , Hunter Matthew Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVerheij syndrome (VRJS) is a rare craniofacial spliceosomopathy presenting with craniofacial dysmorphism, multiple congenital anomalies and variable neurodevelopmental delay. It is caused by single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in PUF60 or interstitial deletions of the 8q24.3 region. PUF60 encodes a splicing factor which forms part of the spliceosome. To date, 36 patients with a sole diagnosis of VRJS due to disease‐causing PUF60 SNVs have been reported in peer‐reviewed publications. Although the depth of their phenotyping has varied greatly, they exhibit marked phenotypic heterogeneity. We report 10 additional unrelated patients, including the first described patients of Khmer, Indian, and Vietnamese ethnicities, and the eldest patient to date, with 10 heterozygous PUF60 variants identified through exome sequencing, 8 previously unreported. All patients underwent deep phenotyping identifying variable dysmorphism, growth delay, neurodevelopmental delay, and multiple congenital anomalies, including several unique features. The eldest patient is the only reported individual with a germline variant and neither neurodevelopmental delay nor intellectual disability. In combining these detailed phenotypic data with that of previously reported patients (n = 46), we further refine the known frequencies of features associated with VRJS. These include neurodevelopmental delay/intellectual disability (98%), axial skeletal anomalies (74%), appendicular skeletal anomalies (73%), oral anomalies (68%), short stature (66%), cardiac anomalies (63%), brain malformations (48%), hearing loss (46%), microcephaly (41%), colobomata (38%), and other ocular anomalies (65%). This case series, incorporating three patients from previously unreported ethnic backgrounds, further delineates the broad pleiotropy and mutational spectrum of PUF60 pathogenic variants.
Paraxial Propagation Properties of Symmetric Dual Pearcey Gaussian Beams in Free Space
Authors: Fang Mingyue , Zhao Jiajia , Zhang Yixiao , Luo Jialing , Deng Dongmei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this article, a new kind of symmetric dual Pearcey Gaussian beam (SDPGB) is introduced and their properties of auto‐focusing, self‐similarity, inversion, and self‐healing are discussed. The self‐similarity, the auto‐focusing, and the inversion properties of the propagating SDPGBs are turned out by analytical derivation and experimental observation. Additonally, a second‐order chirp factor for SDPGBs is introduced to investigate their secondary auto‐focusing and abrupt auto‐focusing properties in further detail. Finally, the effects of the obstacle diameter and the obstacle placement plane on the self‐healing of the SDPGBs are discussed.
Characterization of a Proposed Terminal Iron(III) Nitride Intermediate of Nitrogen Fixation Stabilized by a Trisphosphine‐Borane Ligand
Authors: Schild Dirk J. , Nurdin Lucie , Moret Marc‐Etienne , Oyala Paul H. , Peters Jonas C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTerminal iron nitrides (Fe≡N) have been proposed as intermediates of Fe‐mediated nitrogen fixation, and well‐defined synthetic iron nitrides have been characterized in high oxidation states, including FeIV, FeV, and FeVI. This study reports the generation and low temperature characterization of a terminally bound iron(III) nitride, P3BFe(N) (P3B=tris(o‐diisopropylphosphinophenyl)borane), which is a proposed intermediate of iron‐mediated nitrogen fixation by the P3BFe‐catalyst system. CW‐ and pulse EPR spectroscopy (HYSCORE and ENDOR), supported by DFT calculations, help to define a 2A ground state electronic structure of this C3‐symmetric nitride species, placing the unpaired spin in a sigma orbital along the B−Fe−N vector; this electronic structure is distinct for an iron nitride. The unusual d5‐configuration is stabilized by significant delocalization (≈50 %) of the unpaired electron onto the axial boron and nitrogen ligands, with a majority of the spin residing on boron.
Intermolecular Metal‐Free Cyclopropanation and Aziridination of Alkenes with XH2(X=N, C) by Thianthrenation**
Authors: Liu Ming‐Shang , Du Hai‐Wu , Cui Jian‐Fang , Shu Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThree‐membered cyclic structures are widely existing in natural products and serve as enabling intermediates in organic synthesis. However, the efficient and straightforward access to such structures with diversity remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a general and practical protocol to aziridines and cyclopropanes synthesis using free XH2(X=C or N) with alkenes by thianthrenation is presented. This metal‐free protocol features the direct aziridination and cyclopropanation with unprotected XH2. Free sulfonamides, amides, carbamates, amines, and methylene with acidic protons, are good precursors, providing an attractive alternative for straightforward synthesis of aziridines and cyclopropanes from easily available starting materials.