bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 with retinal inflammation through neuronal invasion in animal models
Authors: Jeong Gi Uk , Kwon Hyung-Jun , Moon Hyun Woo , Yoon Gun Young , Shin Hye Jin , Chae Ji Soo , Kim Seong-Jun , Lee In-Chul , Ahn Dae-Gyun , Kim Kyun-Do , Mahalingam Suresh , Kwon Young-Chan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough ocular manifestations are commonly reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), there is currently no consensus on ocular tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To investigate this, we infected K18-hACE2 mice with SARS-CoV-2 using various routes. We observed ocular manifestation and retinal inflammation with cytokine production in the eyes of intranasally (IN) infected mice. An intratracheal (IT) injection resulted in virus spread from the lungs to the brain and eyes via trigeminal and optic nerves. Ocular and neuronal invasion were confirmed by an intracerebral (IC) infection. Notably, eye-dropped (ED) virus did not infect the lungs and was undetectable with time. Using infectious SARS-CoV-2-mCherry clones, we demonstrated the ocular and neurotropic distribution of the virus in vivo by a fluorescence-imaging system. Evidence for the ocular tropic and neuroinvasive characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed in wild-type Syrian hamsters. Our data provides further understanding of the viral transmission; SARS-CoV-2 clinical characteristics; and COVID-19 control procedures.SummarySARS-CoV-2 can spread from the respiratory tract to the brain and eyes via trigeminal and optic nerves in animal models. This ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 through neuronal invasion likely causes ocular manifestation and retinal inflammation.Graphical Abstract
GeneticsMakie.jl: A versatile and scalable toolkit for visualizing locus-level genetic and genomic data
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Vo Daniel D. , Kumagai Michi E. , Jops Connor T. , Gandal Michael J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the continued deluge of results from genome-wide association and functional genomic studies, it has become increasingly imperative to quickly combine and visualize different layers of genetic and genomic data within a given locus to facilitate exploratory and integrative data analyses. While several tools have been developed to visualize locus-level genetic results, the limited speed, scalability, and flexibility of current approaches remains a significant bottleneck. Here, we present a Julia package GeneticsMakie.jl for high-performance genetics and genomics-related data visualization that enables fast, simultaneous plotting of hundreds of association results along with multiple relevant genomic annotations. Leveraging the powerful plotting and layout utilities from Makie.jl facilitates the customization and extensibility of every component of a plot, enabling generation of publication-ready figures. The GeneticsMakie.jl package is open source and distributed under the MIT license via GitHub (https://github.com/mmkim1210/GeneticsMakie.jl). The GitHub repository contains installation instructions as well as examples and documentation for built-in functions.
Trophoblast and blood vessel organoid cultures recapitulate the role of WNT2B in promoting intravillous vascularization in human intrauterine and ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Zhao Xiaoya , Zhang Zhenwu , Luo Yurui , Ye Qinying , Shi Shuxiang , He Xueyang , Zhu Jing , Zhu Qian , Zhang Duo , Xia Wei , Zhang Yiqin , Jiang Linlin , Cui Long , Ye Yinghui , Xiang Yangfei , Hu Junhao , Zhang Jian , Lin Chao-Po 
Published: April 2022

SummaryTubal ectopic pregnancy (TEP), a pregnancy complication caused by aberrant implantation in fallopian tubes, accounts for 9-13% pregnancy-related deaths. The lack of models for human TEP hampers the understanding of its pathological mechanisms. Here, we employed multiple models to investigate the crosstalk between human trophoblast development and intravillous vascularization. We found that the severity of TEP, the size of placental villi, and the depth of trophoblast invasion are correlated with the extent of intravillous vascularization. We identified a key pro-angiogenic factor secreted by trophoblasts, WNT2B, that promotes villous vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular network expansion. In an organoid coculture model consisting of trophoblast organoids and blood vessel organoids, knockdown of WNT2B in trophoblast organoids compromises their pro-angiogenic effect on the development of blood vessel organoids. These organoid-based models reveal an important role for WNT-mediated angiogenesis in pregnancies and could be employed to investigate the commutations between trophoblasts and endothelial/endothelial progenitor cells.
MetaRelSubNetVis: Referenceable network visualizations based on integrated patient data with group-wise comparison
Authors: Auer Florian , Mayer Simone , Kramer Frank 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMotivationNetworks are a common data structure to describe relations among biological entities. Enriched with information to specify the entities or their connections, they provide a solid foundation for data-dependent visualization. When such annotations overlap, for example in a protein-protein interaction network that is enriched with patient-specific expressions, visualization is reliant on user interaction. Thereby, effective and reliable exchange of visualization parameters between collaborators is crucial to the communication within workflows.ResultsHere, we introduce MetaRelSubNetVis, a web-based tool that allows users to interactively apply group-wise visualizations to networks augmented with patient data. Our application can visually reflect patient-specific attributes for single patients or in a comparative context. Furthermore, we improved upon the exchange of network visualizations by providing unambiguous links that result in the same visual markup. Our work provides new prospects in interacting with and collaborating on network data, especially with respect to the exchange and integration of network visualizations.Contactflorian.auer@informatik.uni-augsburg.de
The DNA replication initiation protein DnaD is recruited to a specific strand of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome origin
Authors: Winterhalter Charles , Pelliciari Simone , Stevens Daniel , Fenyk Stepan , Marchand Elie , Cronin Nora B , Soultanas Panos , Costa Tiago R. D. , Ilangovan Aravindan , Murray Heath 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTGenome replication is a fundamental biological activity shared by all organisms. Chromosomal replication proceeds bidirectionally from origins, requiring the loading of two helicases, one for each replisome. The molecular mechanisms for helicase loading at bacterial chromosome origins (oriC) are unclear. Here we investigated the essential DNA replication initiation protein DnaD in the model organism Bacillus subtilis. A set of DnaD residues required for ssDNA binding was identified, and photo-crosslinking revealed that this ssDNA binding region interacts preferentially with one strand of oriC. Biochemical and genetic data support the model that DnaD recognizes a new single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) motif located in oriC (DnaD Recognition Element, “DRE”). Considered with cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging of full length DnaD, we propose that the location of the DRE within the oriC orchestrates strand-specific recruitment of helicase to achieve bidirectional DNA replication. These findings significantly advance our mechanistic understanding of bidirectional replication from a bacterial chromosome origin.
Lithium-induced ciliary lengthening sparks Arp2/3 complex-dependent endocytosis
Authors: Bigge Brae M , Avasthi Prachee 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTCiliary length is highly regulated across cell types, but this tight regulation can be disrupted by lithium, which causes ciliary elongation across cell types and organisms. Here, we use the powerful ciliary model Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to investigate the mechanism behind lithium-induced ciliary elongation. Protein synthesis is not required for lengthening, and the target of lithium is GSK3, which has substrates that can influence membrane dynamics. Further, in addition to elongation of the microtubule core, ciliary assembly requires a supply of ciliary membrane. To test if the membrane for ciliary lengthening could be from the Golgi or the cell body plasma membrane, we treated cells with either Brefeldin A or Dynasore respectively. Cilia were able to elongate normally with Brefeldin treatment, but Dynasore treatment resulted in defective lengthening. Genetic or acute chemical perturbation of the Arp2/3 complex, which is required for endocytosis in these cells, blocks lithium-induces ciliary lengthening. Finally, we looked at filamentous actin in lithium-treated cells and found an increase in Arp2/3 complex-and endocytosis-dependent puncta near the base of cilia. Blocking endocytosis by inhibiting the Arp2/3 complex or dynamin, confirmed by visual loss of endocytic structures, prevents lithium-induced ciliary elongation. We previously reported that endocytosis was required for early ciliary assembly from zero length, and here, we demonstrate that endocytosis is also required for ciliary elongation from steady state length. Thus, we hypothesize that lithium-induced ciliary elongation occurs through a mechanism that involves a supply of additional ciliary membrane through endocytosis.
Sustainable embodied experience in the built environment: reinterpreting architectural history through embodied cognition
Authors: Lee Sanghee 
Published: April 2022

PurposeArchitectural history is the fundamental resource that informs the essence of architecture and design thinking; however, education does not appear to link history to design thinking. A study of architectural history textbooks reveals the inadequacy of relying on the modern paradigm and architecture's typology of styles and periods. Instead, conceptual metaphor theory is recommended as the framework for understanding architectural history from an experiential approach. This study aims to complement architectural history by a new understanding of embodied cognition in generating paradigm change.Design/methodology/approachThis study reviewed architectural history through changing body metaphors in terms of embodied experience. The study examined three different metaphorical structures of the body – nature, machine and neural network – projected on the built environment and experienced in accordance with three periods of architectural history, which are categorized as before modern, modern and after modern.FindingsAs a result of the case study, ancient pyramids can attain more empirical meaning as playful spaces than abstract forms, Greek temples as social spaces than symbolic spaces, medieval churches as atmospheric spaces than visually-centric spaces, modern residential buildings as unsustainable machines and contemporary parks as raising awareness of sustainable environment.Originality/valueTherefore, this article contributes to understandings and knowledge of how built environments are experienced from the perspective of a neural network, to the development of a pedagogical alternative to traditional architectural history, to linking architectural history to design and practice to re-establish the importance and vitality of architectural history and finally to creating a sustainable didactic.
Are Italian consumers of canned tuna fish sensitive to environmentally sustainable product attributes?
Authors: Forleo Maria Bonaventura , Romagnoli Luca , Palmieri Nadia 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe study aims to provide important insights into environmental attributes that are relevant to consumer's choices in purchasing canned tuna fish, and how much these attributes and socio-demographic individual characteristics relate to the frequency of consumption.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of 251 Italians was carried out. Socio-demographic variables and environmental attributes of the product that consumers pay attention to were considered in a two-step analysis: a cluster analysis used to create a segmentation of people's profiles that are further characterised; a binary logistic regression to assess the significance of attributes in relation to the frequency of canned tuna consumption.FindingsAmong attributes that respondents pay attention to when purchasing canned tuna, the country of origin is the aspect most considered, while other characteristics with a higher content of environmental sustainability received minimal attention. Three clusters emerged: the smallest one, insensitive to sustainability issues; an intermediate group which is mindful of sustainability attributes; and the biggest cluster which is “sustainability inconsistent.” Moreover, respondents who reported concerns about the environmental impacts of tuna production are less likely to consume the product than other consumers; attention paid to the method of farming, the presence of children and a young age show willingness to consume tuna.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on canned tuna consumption by focusing on the attention that consumers pay to environmental product attributes in their purchasing choices. The relevance of this topic might be envisaged in relation to several environmental issues associated with tuna production and consumption, and to the economics and strategies of the tuna industry, being canned tuna among the most internationally traded seafood products.
Evolutionary game of government safety supervision for prefabricated building construction using system dynamics
Authors: Zhang Yuebin , Yi Xin , Li Shuangshuang , Qiu Hui 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThis study aims to reduce the construction safety accidents of prefabricated building (PB) projects, improve the efficiency and effectiveness of safety supervision by government departments, and provide theoretical reference for improving the safety supervision system of PB construction.Design/methodology/approachConsidering the information asymmetry between government supervision departments and construction contractors and the interactive relationship between the two parties under bounded rationality, we propose an evolutionary game model for the construction safety dynamic supervision of PBs and analyze the evolutionary strategy of the game. The system dynamics (SD) method is used to simulate and analyze the evolutionary game process under a dynamic supervision strategy and the adjustment of external variables.FindingsThe cost difference between the government's strong and weak supervision, the construction contractor's additional expenditure for strengthening safety management, and other factors affect system stability. The government can dynamically adjust the penalties based on the construction contractor's subjective willingness to ignore safety management and further adjust their rate of change based on the completion of the supervision goals to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of construction safety supervision.Originality/valueThis study makes contributions in two areas. Through a combination of SD and an evolutionary game, it provides new insights into the strategic choice of the main body related to PB construction safety. Additionally, considering the nonlinear characteristics of construction safety supervision, it provides useful universal suggestions for PB construction safety.
The relationship between empowering leadership and project performance: a resource perspective
Authors: Zheng Junwei , Gu Yu , Zhang Zhenduo , Xie Hongtao , Li Peikai , Li Hongyang 
Published: April 2022

PurposeWhile existing literature emphasizes the importance of empowerment in construction projects, the working mechanisms of empowering leadership in the project context are unclear. Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study aimed to examine the relationship between empowering leadership and project performance, highlighting the mediation roles of creative self-efficacy and leadermember exchange and the moderation role of perceived overqualification.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from 287 project members in different projects and tested the integrated conceptual model through moderated mediation analysis with bootstrapping strategy.FindingsThe results revealed that empowering leadership was positively related to project performance through creative self-efficacy and leader–member exchange. Perceived overqualification served as significant moderator.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to the understanding of empowering leadership in projects by verifying and extending the resource acquisition and investment process in the project context. The results of this study also demonstrated that creative belief and social exchange facilitate the effectiveness of project members' task efforts and outcomes and that perceived overqualification might not exert a detrimental effect on project performance.
Flexible working in the public sector – a case of inflexibility: senior managers' experiences
Authors: Ballantine Joan Amanda , Wall Tony , Ward Anne Marie 
Published: April 2022

PurposeThe public sector is often considered the vanguard in terms of the availability and promotion of flexible working arrangements (FWAs). Despite this, little is known about how senior managers in the public sector engage with FWAs. This paper aims to address this gap, reporting on a number of issues, including the reality of FWAs, the existence of a flexibility stigma and whether this is gendered, and the drivers influencing the uptake of FWAs.Design/methodology/approachTheoretical insights of flexibility stigma from the literature and data from semi-structured interviews with senior managers in the Northern Ireland Civil Service explore the realities of FWAs at this level.FindingsThe findings indicate a decoupling between the rhetoric and reality of FWAs, with few senior managers availing of such arrangements. The authors also identify a complex web of issues that constrain senior managers' agency in shaping a positive culture of FWAs at senior management level in the Civil Service, including an inherent resistance to flexibility, a lack of visible role models and negative perceptions around progression. The findings also indicate deeply held perceptions among senior males and females that availing of FWAs is associated with a flexibility stigma. These perceptions were confirmed by the small number of senior females with caring responsibilities who were availing of FWAs.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper provides senior managers and human resource practitioners with insights into the difficulties associated with wide-scale FWA availability and use at senior levels of the Civil Service.Originality/valueThe findings of the study offer valuable insights into the experience of senior managers in the public sector as they engage with FWAs. The study, therefore, contributes to the limited literature in this area.
Deep neural network prediction for effective thermal conductivity and spreading thermal resistance for flat heat pipe
Authors: Kim Myeongjin , Moon Joo Hyun 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This study aims to introduce a deep neural network (DNN) to estimate the effective thermal conductivity of the flat heat pipe with spreading thermal resistance.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 2,160 computational fluid dynamics simulation cases over up to 2,000 W/mK are conducted to regress big data and predict a wider range of effective thermal conductivity up to 10,000 W/mK. The deep neural networking is trained with reinforcement learning from 10–12 steps minimizing errors in each step. Another 8,640 CFD cases are used to validate.

Findings
Experimental, simulational and theoretical approaches are used to validate the DNN estimation for the same independent variables. The results from the two approaches show a good agreement with each other. In addition, the DNN method required less time when compared to the CFD.

Originality/value
The DNN method opens a new way to secure data while predicting in a wide range without experiments or simulations. If these technologies can be applied to thermal and materials engineering, they will be the key to solve thermal obstacles that many longing to overcome.
From immigrants to local entrepreneurs: understanding the effects of migration on entrepreneurship in a highly informal country
Authors: Muñoz-Mora Juan Carlos , Aparicio Sebastian , Martinez-Moya Diego , Urbano David 
Published: April 2022

PurposeMotivated by a lack of evidence regarding the effect of migration on entrepreneurship in a highly informal country, such as Colombia, this paper has a twofold purpose. First, it explores how Venezuelan immigration affects entrepreneurial activity in Colombian regions. Second, it intends to shed light on this relationship, by distinguishing between formal and informal sectors.Design/methodology/approachWith a sample of 1,776,063 individuals, from the Labor Survey Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares (GEIH) from the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE), the authors employ an instrumental variable approach to account for the selection of immigrants into locations with more or less desirable conditions.FindingsThe results suggest Venezuelan immigration positively influences self-employment and own-account workers, but negatively affects employers. However, once these immigrants proliferate in the informal sector, the effects increase.Originality/valueThis paper brings new insights into the intersection between immigration, unofficial economies, and entrepreneurship. First, while the prior literature focuses on migration from developing to developed countries, migratory flows between developing economies and its effects on local entrepreneurial activity remain unexplored. Second, although informality is mostly common in developing countries, little (albeit growing) evidence of its role in the relationship between migration and entrepreneurship research exists. Finally, the authors bring together these two phenomena to enhance our understanding of different types of entrepreneurial activities when immigration and informality take place. Policy implications are derived from these insights.