bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in the enhancement of heat transfer with different fluids using twisted tape inserts
Authors: Thote Shrikant Arunrao , Singh Netra Pal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This research intends to look into the transformation of heat, factors affecting the friction, and characteristics of the efficacy ratio for the ratio of twist as 3.0, 4.4, and 6.0, independently of a concentric pipe heat exchanger with and without trapezoidal section twisted tape insert. For different Reynold’s Number (Re) ranges of 200-2000, 800-2000, and 2000-12000, experimentation was accomplished to find the transformation of heat energy and aspect of factors of the friction of coaxial tubes. The investigated data from the tube without an insert were compared to the conventional correspondence to assure that the investigation output was valid. The findings of the trapezoidal section twisted tape tube has been in contrast to the simple tube’s results. The consequences reveal that the trapezoidal section twisted tape appreciably improves heat transmission along with friction coefficient. The Trapezoidal section twisted tape enhancement transmission of heat was once additionally judged to be practical because the realized output ratio is maximum than unity. The twisted tape has a greater Nusselt Number (Nu), frictional influence, and overall efficacy attainment than a plain tube, by the research. According to the tapes that have been tested, the tapes with the lowest twist ratio 3.0 are greater fine than the tapes with the other ratio of twist, as a consequence of the fact that the tape with the lowest ratio of twist is the most environmentally friendly at supplying heat augmentation.
Analysis of CNC Turning Process of AA6082-T6 using Ansys Software
Authors: Aseerullah Mohd , Bhushan C. , Vishwakarma R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this new technological world, CNC and manual turning operations engage in a significant role in different types of designing and manufacturing industries. Before initiating the manufacturing processes, analysis is a crucial part of the manufacturing process. This study involves modelling and analysis of the CNC machining process of a cylindrical AA6082-T6 workpiece with a Tungsten Carbide tip tool. A 3D model is first modelled on CATIA V5 and the analysis is then carried on in Ansys R19.2’s explicit module. The experimental and analytical results are carried out to justify the work. The cutting parameters used in CNC machining are Spindle rotational speed, feed rate, and depth of cut. The Normal Stress’s percentage error value varied too much compared to Shear stress and Shear Strain. This shows that the aluminium is suitable for the machining processes and can also be used more efficiently.
Design and Development of Pneumatic Sheet Metal Cutting Machine
Authors: Om Prasaad J. , Krishnan A.B. , Lokhande Parth , Mustaffa Biradar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A Pneumatic sheet metal cutting machine, is a mechanism designed to cut metal sheets at a quick pace, based on the inputs given by the operator, using a switch. The machine consists of a cutter blade system, a double acting pneumatic cylinder held over the cutter blade system, an air compressor, a pneumatic valve to regulate the air flow to the pneumatic cylinder from the compressor, and a frame to hold the machine in position. Cutting and shearing technology used nowadays, includes laser cutting, hydraulic cutters, among others. These machines are costly, with expensive maintenance. Small and medium scale industries cannot tend to afford this technology. Currently basic sheet metal cutting operations are incorporated in such industries including basic handheld sheet cutters. This is not accurate in terms of the dimensions of the final output and poses safety hazards to the operator too. Thus, the novelty of this machine is that it provides an automated system to cut aluminium sheet metal, while making sure that the system is compact and portable, which has otherwise not been implemented in industries. Pneumatic sheet metal cutters find a tremendous scope in such industries owing to their simple and easy working, low cost and ensured safety with a good degree of dimensional accuracy. The main aim of this study is to research and innovate a safe and efficient way to cut aluminium sheets at a fast and regular pace, as compared to manual cutting, using a pneumatic system.
Design Analysis and Weight Optimization of Top Beam Up-packing 15 BPH Bale Press Machine
Authors: Kandalkar Bhagyashri , Bhaiswar Vinod , Khond Vivek W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the Ginning industry, the process of removing seeds from the cotton fibres and after that seedless cotton is compress to make a lint bale is carried out. The pressing of seedless cotton is compress to make a lint bale. The pressing of seedless cotton is the last process at the ginnery. The cotton bailing press is taken under consideration, a product of Bajaj Steel Industry. It is important to modify the structure and check for suitability to improve the efficiency. Top beam modeling is done in solid edge. The static structural analysis is performed of top beam of bailing press in order to check the sustainability. ANSYS software was used to carried out the static structural analysis. The results obtained like maximum Von- mises stress and maximum deformation are used for improving design modification. Also adopting a technique of optimization it helps in provide a better outcome.
Performance Investigation of Cylindrical Cavity Receiver Using Roughened Surfaces
Authors: Kumar Kamuju Naveen , Maurya Akanksha , Sharma Deepak 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Solar cavity receiver is an integral part of the solar parabolic dish collectors used for absorbing concentrated solar irradiation. The performance of the receivers can be enhanced utilizing different types of heat transfer fluids (HTF) and modified geometries. The thermal performance of a redesigned cavity receiver with solid semi-circular tube attached to its surface was investigated using CFD three-dimensional simulation. The influence of operating and geometric parameters (i.e., inlet mass flow rate and inlet temperature) were investigated. The results obtained shows that, redesigned solar cavity receiver has thermal efficiency of 8.49-10.27% higher than a normal cavity receiver with an inlet flow rate of 0.01-0.04 kg/s under the same environmental and operating conditions. The temperature of outlet of HTF increases with increases in inlet temperature for Therminol66 oil. The comparison of thermal performance using different HTF (i.e., Therminol66, Ethylene Glycol, Water) is also conducted and it is found that Therminol66 oil gives 9% and 17% higher outlet temperature than ethylene glycol and water respectively at intake flow rate of 0.02 kg/s.
Experimentation and Optimization of Milling Machine Parameters Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Joshi Amol Vikas , Charkha Pranav , Panchal Avinash , Tayade Devanand R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this research work, the problem is to reduce the surface roughness of the Jacquard body which is a casting part to optimize the effects of different process parameters of surface roughness & to reduce surface roughness for milling operation by using the Taguchi method. Milling is better than other machines in the surface finish and accuracy. Greater quality product and higher productivity is the main vision of every entrepreneur. To achieve this, the process parameters of each process need to be optimized. In a milling machine, some of the important parameters like feed rate, depth of cut, speed, etc, play an important role in achieving the required quality product. To optimize these parameters, the most suitable and widely used method is the Taguchi method. The most significant objective of this research is to obtain effective quality parameters. Experimentation is done on the Jacquard body by varying the milling machine parameters. The experimental results indicate that the minimum surface roughness is obtained for the process parameters feed 0.7 mm per revolution, speed 225 rpm and 1.5 mm depth of cut. This study recommended that more surface finish be obtained by increasing speed, low feed rate, and depth of cut.
Detailed study on basic methodology of dental implant and surface modification techniques
Authors: Alagatu Aditya , Dhapade Darshan , Gajbhiye Mayuresh , Panjrekar Ritik , Raut Ashish , Awate Nilesh , Priya Praneeta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dental implant can be defined as the process of inserting an artificial tooth in the place of natural tooth. This artificial tooth consists of: a) abutment b) Custom made crown and c) an implant. Since it is replacing the natural tooth, it should resemble and work in the same manner. It should not break under the chewing load. Dental implant shows great success rate but over the years. They are regarded as a significant contribution to dentistry since they have changed the process of replacing lost teeth. The capacity of the implant material to integrate with the surrounding tissue is critical to its success. Dental implants are artificial dental roots that are used to replace missing teeth. Dental implant is slightly expensive and patient has to go through plenty of processes like surgery. Moreover, even after taking all the preventive measures there are still chances of failing the implant and hence material selection and surface modification techniques used in Dental implant plays a crucial role. In this review paper we will see the different material used in dental implant and different surface modification techniques.
A review on wear characterization of electrodeposited nickel matrix composites
Authors: Dhakne Atul , Jaju Santosh , Shukla Sourabh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Corrosion resistance across a wide temperature range, increased physical, mechanical, and tribological capabilities, variable surface hydrophobicity, and an attractive appearance are all advantages of electrodeposited metal matrix composite coatings (MMCs). As a result, several studies have been conducted to evaluate the various physical, mechanical, biochemical, electrochemistry, and thermodynamics characteristics of nanocrystalline composite material, generated on a variety of substrates with numerous electrodeposition settings. In this review paper, the current literatures on wear rate of electrode-posited Ni-based coatings made of composite materials are being reviewed. More specifically, the research papers on weight management, wear resistance, coefficient of friction, surface roughness, hardness and associated deterioration methods has been identified and reviewed. The observations showed that nano-composite films offer substantially superior wear resistance than magnesium alloys and pure nickel coatings due to the diffraction stiffening and grain refining effects. Also, abrasion is the main wear process for nano-composite coatings, whereas adhesion wear is the primary wear arrangement for magnesium alloys and major wear mechanism for pure nickel coatings is exfoliation wear.
Flexural strength of Epoxy resin and Bagasse fiber reinforced composite materials
Authors: Saroj Anurag , Vishwakarma Ravi , Bhushan Chandra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this research, we are going to take out to investigate flexural strength and tensile strength properties of composite material with the using of epoxy resin and bagasse fibre in the powder form. These composites are bonded using epoxy resin and hardener mixed in appropriate volume. This composite was prepared with using bagasse fibre in powder form and the bagasse fibre powder used with different ratio in each material which are prepared and we found the high strength at the using 5gm bagasse fibre powder in both of Tensile and Flexural strength. Here for preparing specimen using Hand layup method. It can be use in more way because rare future of the environmentally friendly, waste utilization, good strength, bio-degradability and alternative for plastic.
EP-25 Double Gastric Outlet Obstruction Caused by an Incarcerated Right Inguinal Hernia, a Rare Presentation
Authors: Abbakar Malaz , Ahmed Salma , Lim Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We report a case of an 84-year old man who presented with double gastric outlet obstruction from an incarcerated right inguinal hernia that contained part of the stomach, most of the small bowel, omentum, appendix, caecum, ascending and transverse colon, causing a double gastric outlet obstruction.
Several intra-abdominal organs have been reported in groin hernias including the appendix, bladder, small and large bowel and ovaries. There are approximately 60 cases of inguinal hernias containing the stomach, the majority were before 1980. It's believed that the emphasis of early repair minimized the occurrence of complications and decreased presentations of these cases. Two cases were published in the UK with a similar condition in 2014 of which one was treated conservatively and the other had an open inguinal hernia repair with mesh.
He presented to the emergency department with a 1 day history of severe abdominal pain and dark brown vomiting due to incarceration of inguino-scrotal hernia which he had for the last 24 years with no symptoms. His abdomen was soft and non-tender with large right inguino-scrotal hernia which was tender on palpation and irreducible.
The diagnosis was confirmed with a CT scan. The P-Possum score was calculated, 2.56% mortality and 49.5% morbidity. He was taken to the theatre, after resuscitation for exploratory laparotomy, omentectomy and inguinal hernia Lichtenstein repair with Vicryl® mesh.
At the end, it is thought that long-standing traction on the greater omentum and its attachments may be responsible for the descent of the stomach into the hernia sac.
BJS Prize 2 Exploring variation in surgical practice: the colorectal surgeon's personality influences anastomotic decision-making in rectal cancer
Authors: Bisset Carly , Ferguson Eamonn , Oliphant Raymond , Macdermid Ewan , Moug Susan ,   Plato Project Steering Group
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The influence of internal surgeon-specific factors, such as personality, on cognitive bias and decision-making in surgery is not well understood. These factors may be particularly influential in clinical cases where there is a high degree of equipoise. This study aimed to explore personality traits that may influence anastomotic decision-making in rectal cancer.

Methods
Colorectal surgeons were invited via social media to participate in a 2-part online survey (Snap11). The survey included: 1) 44-item Big Five Inventory (personality), 2) 30-item DOSPERT (risk-taking), 3) 3-item Cognitive Reflection Test (thinking style), and twenty hypothetical patient scenarios involving rectal anastomotic decisions.

Results
186 certified colorectal surgeons participated with 127 completing both parts (68.3%). 143 participants in this cohort were aged 30–49 years (79.6%) and 131 participants were male (70.4%).
Surgeons scored higher than average population levels for emotional stability (degree of even-temperedness; 3.25 vs 2.97), with lower levels of agreeableness (ability to cooperate with others; 3.03 vs 3.74) and openness (creativity; 3.19 vs 3.67). Personality influenced anastomotic decision-making in specific circumstances e.g., high levels of openness predicted stoma formation when providing a second opinion, whereas high levels of extraversion predicted stoma formation when the patient was a staff member. Early career surgeons were highly influenced by colleague criticism following recent anastomotic leakage.

Conclusions
Surgeon personality influences anastomotic decision-making in difficult circumstances. Colleague support is vital following anastomotic leakage and is influential upon early career surgeons’ subsequent decision-making. Personality is modifiable through experiences, therefore targeted educational interventions (e.g. reflexivity) may enable surgeons to recognize their own cognitive biases.
SP4.1.3 Validation of the Emergency Surgery Score (ESS) in the UK patient population and comparison with NELA scoring: a retrospective multi-centre cohort study
Authors: Clinch Darja , Wong Michael , Imbert Emma , Haddow Laura , Simpson Keith , Damaskos Dimitrios 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
Accurate risk scoring in emergency general surgery (EGS) is vital for consent, resource allocation and benchmarking quality of care. The emergency surgery score (ESS) is a reliable predictor of post-operative outcomes in EGS, but has only been studied in the US population. Our primary aim was to perform an external validation study of the ESS in a UK population. Our secondary aim was to compare the accuracy of ESS and NELA scores.

Methods
We conducted an observational cohort study of adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy over three years in two UK centres. ESS was calculated retrospectively. NELA score and all other variables were obtained from the prospectively held Emergency Laparotomy and Laparoscopic Scottish Audit (ELLSA) database. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcome was need for post-operative ICU admission.

Results
609 patients were included. Both ESS and NELA were good predictors of 30-day mortality (c-statistic=0.78 [95% CI: 0.71–0.85] for ESS and c-statistic=0.83 [95% CI: 0.77–0.88] for NELA). Similarly, both scores were good predictors of need for post-operative ICU admission (c-statistic=0.76 [95% CI: 0.71–0.81] for ESS and 0.80 [95% CI: 0.76–0.85] for NELA). There was no significant difference in performance between the two scores for predicting 30-day mortality (p=0.20) or need for ICU admission (p=0.09).

Conclusion
We recommend that ESS can be used in the UK population. It is non-inferior to NELA in predicting 30-day mortality and need for ICU admission, but has been validated for a wider range of outcomes and does not require scoring of intra-operative variables.
SP7.4 Near-peer surgical simulation & teaching day for newly qualified FY1 doctors
Authors: Thompson Joe , Dodd Eleanor , Morris Rebecca , Wragg Ashley , Gleeson Joe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aims of this study were to ascertain how prepared newly qualified Foundation Year 1 (FY1) doctors felt for their surgical rotation and to evaluate the effectiveness of a surgical-themed teaching day for new FY1 doctors.

Methods
A near-peer surgery-themed teaching day was delivered to 44 newly qualified FY1 doctors and delivered by clinical teaching fellows (FY3 doctors). The day involved four surgical-themed simulation scenarios: (i) haemodynamically unstable pancreatitis, (ii) anastomotic leak following ileocaecal resection, (iii) septic shower post ureteric stent and (iv) post-operative pulmonary embolism. Classroom-based teaching included: (i) microbiology and antibiotic prescribing (ii) interpreting abdominal films and (iii) insulin prescribing (including for nil by mouth patients). FY1s were randomly allocated a participant number and completed pre- and post-session anonymised questionnaires.

Results
Only 31.7% (13/41) agreed that Medical School had adequately prepared them for their surgical foundation job and 46.3% (19/41) felt less prepared for surgical rotations compared with medical rotations. When compared with the pre-session scores: 93% (58% pre-session) felt prepared to manage acutely unwell surgical patients and 84% (43.9% pre-session) were confident with escalating patients to level 2/3 care. Confidence improved across the board for classroom-based sessions.

Conclusion
This study has highlighted a need to ensure newly qualified FY1 doctors feel better prepared for their surgical rotations. The introduction of a mixed simulation and classroom teaching day has, in this instance, improved confidence across a number of important domains. Teaching delivered in the near-peer style may be the key to imparting relevant knowledge to new FY1s.
WE7.3 Splenic abscess formation following selective splenic embolisation for a traumatic splenic injury and its subsequent conservative management
Authors: Collis Justin , Farquharson Barnaby , Bajomo Oreolow , Lascelles Simon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Splenic injuries are the most commonly injured organ following blunt abdominal trauma1. Current standard of care for a haemodynamically stable patient is non operative management (NOM). Although selective arterial embolization (SAE) is a useful adjunct in NOM, the complications from this intervention and subsequent management are poorly detailed in the literature4. This report describes the development of a splenic abscess post SAE for a traumatic splenic injury. A 50-year-old haemodynamically stable blunt trauma patient with a grade IV splenic laceration and concomitant rib fractures was treated conservatively with SAE. Post embolization the patient's haemoglobin and inflammatory markers remained stable and he self-discharged on day 5. He returned 3 days later with abdominal pain, a repeat CT demonstrated a left sided pleural effusion and his subcapsular haematoma had increased in size, but inflammatory markers and haemoglobin remained stable. He was admitted for monitoring. During admission he reported increasing abdominal pain and his inflammatory markers had drastically worsened, CRP 340 (60) and WBC 14 (7). A repeat CT demonstrated a splenic abscess and worsening of his pleural effusion. He was taken for IR drainage, which led to an immediate improvement of his pain and resolution of his pleural effusion after 2-weeks. This case report of a post SAE abscess following a splenic injury is unique because the patient did not demonstrate typical signs of infection. It was serial monitoring of bloods and early repeat cross sectional imaging that facilitated a timely diagnosis, allowing us to avoid a splenectomy, thus preserving splenic function.
458 Urological Cancers During COVID-19: Analyses of Short-Term Outcomes from the COVIDSurg-Cancer Study
Authors: Chan Vinson Wai-Shun ,   COVIDSurg Collaborative,   British Urology Researchers in Surgical Training (BURST) Collaborative
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aim
To assess 30-day postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing urological cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
All bladder, kidney, UTUC and prostate cancer patients from the COVIDSurg-Cancer Study who underwent elective potentially curative cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic until July 2020 were included. Univariable and multivariable regression was performed to assess the association of patient factors with mortality, respiratory complications, and operative complications.

Results
A total of 1,902 patients from 36 countries were included. A total of 42/1902 (0.2%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 during their inpatient stay.
21 (0.1%) mortalities were observed; of those, 8 (38.1%) were diagnosed with COVID-19. Mortalities were found to be more likely in patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection (OR 31.7, 95% CI 12.4–81.42, p&lt;0.001), aged over 80, ASA grade 3+ and ECOG grade 1+.
40 (0.2%) respiratory complications (acute respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonia) were observed within 30 days of surgery. Respiratory complications were more likely in patients aged with concurrent COVID-19 infection (OR 40.6, 95%CI 11.41–144.45, p&lt;0.001), over 70, from an area with high community risk or with a revised cardiac risk index of 1+.
There were 84 (4.4%) major complications (Clavien-Dindo score ≥3). Patients with a concurrent COVID-19 infection (OR 7.45, 95% CI 2.73–20.3, p&lt;0.001) or aged 80 or above were more likely to experience major complications.

Conclusions
Our data can inform health services to safely select patients for surgery during the pandemic. Patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection have a higher risk of mortality and respiratory complications and should not undergo surgery if possible.