bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo oral toxicity and antioxidant capacity of Nothofagus antartica (ñire) leaves
Authors: Hugo Ayelén Amelia , Serradell María de los Ángeles , Peri Pablo L. , Farina Sebastián , Gómez-Zavaglia Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nothofagus antartica (NA) is a native tree of the Patagonian Andes forests. Although its leaves have been ancestrally used in infusions for medical and food purposes, there are no deep insights on its toxicity. The aim of the paper was to assess the safety and antioxidant activity of infusions of NA leaves. The determination of acute and subacute oral toxicity was assessed using Swiss albino mice. A single limit dose (2000 mg/kg) was administered for acute toxicity assays, and a repeated dose (800 mg/kg), for subacute tests. For the measurement of antioxidant activity, the ABTS scavenging activity was determined. The effects of NA infusion were evaluated on the animal weight and on the functionality and histology of key organs (e.g., liver, kidney, intestine). The antioxidant activity of NA infusion was determined in vitro and also in feces and serum of treated animals. After the acute and subacute toxicity tests, no death or signs of toxicity were observed. In addition, no significant differences in biochemical parameters or tissue structure were registered between control and treated mice. On the other hand, the antioxidant activity of the NA infusion was greater than that observed for the standard of ascorbic acid. Moreover, the periodic administration of NA infusion could increase the internal antioxidant capacity in mice at intestinal level. Results support the safe of consuming NA leaves infusions by humans and suggest their contribution for modulating the oxidative stress at the gut level.
Electrically actuated continuous motion of a water droplet over a PDMS-coated surface
Authors: Upadhyay Supriya , Muralidhar K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electrically actuated continuous motion of a water droplet over PDMS-coated single active electrode is analyzed from detailed modeling and experiments. In an experiment, continuous motion of the droplet is achieved when it is located over an active electrode with a horizontal ground wire placed just above in an open-EWOD configuration. Using a CCD camera, the instantaneous centroid position of the droplet is determined, and its velocity is inferred by numerical differentiation. The edge-detected image is also used to determine the advancing and receding contact angles of the moving drop relative to the substrate. Motion of 2, 6, and 10 µl water droplets for voltages in the range of 170–270 VDC is examined to investigate the effect of drop volume and voltage on drop deformation and velocity. Simulations have been carried out in a two-dimensional coordinate system using COMSOL© Multiphysics with full coupling between the electric field and hydrodynamics. The motion of the droplet is initiated by Young-Lippmann spreading at the three-phase contact line, followed by a nonuniform electric force field distributed between the active electrode and the ground wire localized at the droplet-air interface. The solver evaluates the Maxwell's stress tensor and introduces it as a volumetric electrostatic force in the Navier-Stokes equations. The fully coupled numerical solution shows a good match with experimentally determined drop movement over a silicone oil-coated PDMS layer for which contact line friction is absent. A contact angle model with friction leads to close agreement between simulations and drop motion over a bare PDMS layer. Over both surfaces, continuous motion of the water droplet is seen to be achieved in three stages, namely, initial spreading, acceleration, and attainment of constant speed. Numerical modeling that includes electric field-fluid flow coupling is shown to yield data in conformity with experiments.
Temperature-mediated climatic factors dominate intraspecific variation and ecological adaptation strategies for traits of Phragmites australis rather than soil properties
Authors: XU Zhichao , Liu Huamin , Wen Lu , Zhang Jinghui , Xin Xiaoyun , Hu Jinpeng , Kou Xin , Liu Dongwei , Zhuo Yi , Wang Lixin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims
Widespread species of Phragmites australis, has a high degree of intraspecific variation in functional traits during external climatic and environmental changes. However, the underlying mechanism of the environmental gradient changes at regional scale on intraspecific variation and adaptation strategies of species functional traits are still not well understood.
Methods
Morphological traits, nutrient contents, and stoichiometric ratios of P. australis in lakeshore wetlands of semi-arid and arid regions in the Inner Mongolia Plateau were investigated to reveal the variability of functional traits at different regional scales and the influencing factors and to reveal the ecological adaptation strategies of P. australis in different regions through plant economic spectrum.
Results
The functional traits of P. australis varied significantly within the species at different scales, and the variation has a significant latitude pattern. Climatic factors determine the intraspecific variation of the functional traits of P. australis, and the influence of soil properties is small. Plant economic spectrum theory is also applicable to the functional traits of various organs and whole plants of P. australis, and different ecological adaptation strategies are confirmed across arid and semi-arid regions.
Conclusions
Intraspecific variation of functional traits of P. australis originates from temperature-mediated climatic differences brought about by sampling geographic locations, rather than the soil properties of the sampling locations. The utilization and assimilation of resources of P. australis are conservative in arid regions, while in semi-arid regions it is an acquisition strategy.
A study of the temporal and spatial evolutionary characteristics of water ecological footprint based on the emergy-spatial autocorrelation method
Authors: Wang Huiliang , Shi Qi , Li Hui , Di Danyang , Li Zhuocheng , Jiang Mengmeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To quantify and analyze the human demand for water resources and the available supply of water resource systems, this study combined emergy analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis to establish a quantification and analysis system for water ecological footprint (WEF). First, the emergy theory of ecological economics and WEF were combined to propose an emergy quantification method for WEF and water ecological carrying capacity (WEC). Based on the spatial autocorrelation method, three-dimensional ecological footprint indicators (footprint size and depth) were introduced to analyze the spatial correlation and spatial aggregation of capital flow occupation and capital stock consumption in the water resource system. Using the Yellow River Basin (YRB) as the study area to verify the applicability of the WEF quantification and analysis system based on the emergy-spatial autocorrelation method, the following results were obtained. (1) From 2003 to 2018, the per capita WEF of the YRB generally showed a slow growth trend. The WEC was much lower than the WEF, and the water ecological deficit status remained unchanged. (2) Compared to the upper and lower reaches of the YRB, the middle reaches had a higher WEF, and the WEC of the YRB was generally high in the west and low in the east. (3) Except for Sichuan and Qinghai, the provinces (regions) in the YRB relied on water resource capital stock for social and economic development, and the sustainable development of the region was threatened. (4) Utilization of the water resources capital in the basin was generally unsustainable. It is necessary to take measures to promote rational allocation and efficient utilization of water resources for the coordinated development of society, the economy, and the environment in the YRB.
Chemical kinetic model of spCas9 on-target efficiency
Authors: Artyom Bannikov 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The efficiency of guide RNAs has been studied from the earliest days of CRISPR/Cas9. With ability to evaluate gRNA efficiency in silico genome editing would become faster and cheaper. Machine learning has been widely applied in recent works to predict gRNA efficiency. At the same time, essentially no attempts were made to cast what we know about how Cas9 works in rigorous physical terms. In contrast to machine learning, a physical model can answer the question of what to do to improve the knowledge of the modeled process. This work presents a chemical kinetic model of Cas9 action. The predictive power of the model is on par with current machine learning models.
Video abstract: https://youtu.be/qG10zxP1zUM
Code demo: https://youtu.be/ltG5Rb7swXw
Efficacy of extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma using a portable handheld device for detecting hemothorax in a low resource setting; a multicenter longitudinal study
Authors: Kithinji Stephen Mbae , Lule Herman , Acan Moses , Kyomukama Lauben , Muhumuza Joshua , Kyamanywa Patrick 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Chest trauma is one of the most important and commonest injuries that require timely diagnosis, accounting for 25-50% of trauma related deaths globally. Although CT scan is the gold standard for detection of haemothorax, it is only useful in stable patients, and remains unavailable in most hospitals in low income countries. Where available, it is very expensive. Sonography has been reported to have high accuracy and sensitivity in trauma diagnosis but is rarely used in trauma patients in low income settings in part due to lack of the sonography machines and lack of expertise among trauma care providers. Chest X-ray is the most available investigation for chest injuries in low income countries. However it is not often safe to wheel seriously injured, unstable trauma patients to X-ray rooms. This study aimed at determining the efficacy of extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (eFAST) in detection of haemothorax using thoracostomy findings as surrogate gold standard in a low resource setting.
Methods
This was an observational longitudinal study that enrolled 104 study participants with chest trauma. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. A questionnaire was administered and eFAST, chest X-ray and tube thoracotomy were done as indicated. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, accuracy and area under the curve were determined using thoracostomy findings as the gold standard. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Research and Ethics Committee of Kampala International University Western Campus REC number KIU-2021-53.
Results
eFAST was found to be superior to chest X-ray with sensitivity of 96.1% versus 45.1% respectively. The accuracy was also higher for eFAST (96.4% versus 49.1%) but the specificity was the same at 100.0%. The area under the curve was higher for eFAST (0.980,P=0.001 versus 0.725, p=0.136). Combining eFAST and X-ray increased both sensitivity and accuracy.
Conclusion
This study revealed that eFAST was more sensitive at detecting haemothorax among chest trauma patients compared to chest X-ray. All patients presenting with chest trauma should have bedside eFAST for diagnosis of haemothorax.
Annotating Music Therapy, Chiropractic and Aquatic Exercise Using Electronic Health Record
Authors: Zhou Huixue , Silverman Greg , Niu Zhongran , Silverman Jenzi , Evans Roni , Austin Robin , Zhang Rui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) has gained increasing popularity in the past decades. While the evidence bases to support them are growing, there is still a gap in understanding their effects and potential adverse events using real-world data. The overall goal of this study is to represent information pertinent to both psychological and physical CIH approaches (specifically, using examples of music therapy, chiropractic and aquatic exercise in this study) in an EHR system. We also aim to evaluate the ability of existing natural language processing (NLP) systems to identify CIH approaches. A total of 300 notes were randomly selected and manually annotated. Annotations were made for status, symptom and frequency of each approach. This set of annotations was used as a gold standard to evaluate performance of NLP systems used in this study (specifically BioMedICUS, MetaMap and cTAKES) for extracting CIH concepts. Venn diagram was used to investigate the consistency of medical records searching by Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes and CIH approaches keywords in SQL. Since CPT codes usually do not have specific mentions of CIH approaches, the Venn diagram had less overlap with those found in clinical notes for all three CIH therapies. The three NLP systems achieved 0.41 in average lenient match F1-score in all three CIH approaches, respectively. BioMedICUS achieved the best performance in aquatic exercise with an F1-score of 0.66. This study contributes to the overall representation of CIH in clinical note and lays a foundation for using EHR for clinical research for CIH approaches.
The leprosy reaction is associated with salivary anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis IgA antibodies
Authors: Falcão Michelle Miranda Lopes , Passos-Soares Johelle Santana , Machado Paulo Roberto Lima , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , de Carvalho Lucas Pedreira , Campos Elisangela de Jesus , Calheira Mariana Costa , de Miranda Patrícia Mares , Santos Rebeca Pereira Bulhosa , Filho José Tadeu Raynal Rocha , de Farias Antonio Pedro Froes , Peixoto Taiana , Nascimento Roberto Meyer , Seymour Gregory Jonh , Trindade Soraya Castro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between salivary anti-Porphyromonas gingivalis IgA antibodies and the leprosy reaction. The levels of salivary anti - P. gingivalis IgA antibodies, together with salivary flow and pH were measured in individuals diagnosed with leprosy and associated with the development of the leprosy reaction. Saliva was collected from 202 individuals diagnosed with leprosy at a reference leprosy treatment center, 106 cases with leprosy reaction and 96 controls without leprosy reaction. Anti - P. gingivalis IgA was evaluated by indirect immunoenzyme assay. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the association between antibody levels and the leprosy reaction. There was a positive statistically significant association between the levels of anti - P. gingivalis IgA and the presence of the leprosy reaction, controlling for confounders: age, sex, level of education and alcoholic beverage consumption: ORajusted: 2.55; IC 95%: 1.34–4.87. Individuals with leprosy who had high production of salivary anti - P. gingivalis IgA had approximately twice as many chances of developing the leprosy reaction. The findings suggest a possible relationship between salivary anti - P. gingivalis IgA antibodies and the leprosy reaction.
Cross-Industry Statistical Law: Average Booking Curves Draw Exponential Functions
Authors: Shintani Masaru , Umeno Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The booking curve time series in perishable asset industries, including hotels, has been studied as a means for daily forecasting in revenue management (RM). Such studies have developed many sophisticated forecasting algorithms for RM practitioners.
However, based on the opinion that timing is the key element in pricing, RM professionals have faced challenges in understanding people's booking window shift, which represents macroscopic changes in booking curves due to changing times, e.g., economy and technology. We investigate macroscopic aspects of booking curves with actual sales data across six properties in the hotel and car-rental industries for two years, considering the difference in the economic environment characterized before, middle, and after the COVID-19 epidemic. We explain a new cross-industry and cross-economic-environment universal statistical law: average booking curves draw exponential functions (the ABCDEF law). We provide a basis for the ABCDEF law from three perspectives; data confirmation, modeling in the statistical physics framework, and empirical justification for the causality of the model. The ABCDEF law provides a booking curve with its usefulness besides daily forecasting in RM; it is expected to offer informative statistics about people's booking patterns in the property and to support various industries' RM practitioners in deciding on sales strategies at an appropriate time.
Clinical-epidemiological characteristics and maternal-foetal outcomes in pregnant women hospitalised with COVID-19 in Venezuela: a retrospective study
Authors: Carrión-Nessi Fhabián S. , Castro Mercedes P. , Nobrega Diana C. Freitas-De , Moncada-Ortega Augusto , Omaña-Ávila Óscar D. , Mendoza-Millán Daniela L. , Marcano-Rojas María V. , Trejo Nayren J. , Virriel Isabella V. , Chavero Melynar , Camejo-Ávila Natasha A. , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. , Forero-Peña David A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
In low- and middle-income countries, pregnant women and newborns are more vulnerable to adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, in Venezuela, there are no integrated data in a national surveillance system to identify the clinical-epidemiological characteristics and maternal-foetal outcomes of pregnant women hospitalised with COVID-19.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted among Venezuelan pregnant women hospitalised with COVID-19 seen at the “Ruiz y Páez” University Hospital Complex and the San Cristobal Central Hospital between June 2020 and September 2021. Information was obtained from physical and digitised clinical records using a form to collect epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, treatment, obstetric and perinatal complications, and maternal-foetal outcomes data.
Results
A total of 80 pregnant women with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were tested, 59 (73.8%) survived and 21 (26.2%) deceased. The median age was 29 [IQR —interquartile range— 10] years, the majority being in the third trimester of pregnancy (81.2%). Interestingly, four (5%) pregnant women were co-infected with malaria by Plasmodium vivax and three (3.8%) with syphilis. The most frequent symptoms were fever (75%), dry cough (68.8%), dyspnoea (55%), and headache (53.8%). The most frequent maternal complications were anaemia (51.5%) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (17.5%). The most frequent perinatal complications were preterm delivery (39.2%) and oligohydramnios (31.3%). A total of 29 (36.3%) perinatal deaths were documented, 21 stillbirth and eight abortions.
Conclusion
This is the first study to describe the clinical-epidemiological behaviour of COVID-19 in hospitalised Venezuelan pregnant women. Anaemia, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, and perinatal death were the most frequent maternal-foetal complications in this population of pregnant women.
Parenteral nutrition in acute intestinal failure amongst the elderly was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes when compared to younger patients
Authors: Kang Garrett , Cheah Mark , Poh Bee , Tan Lee , Chong Janet , Goh Rachel , Lee Miaw , Cheang Lai , Tan Travis , Salazar Ennaliza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Reported clinical outcomes for elderly patients with acute intestinal failure receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) in the acute hospital setting is limited. Our study aims to characterize the use of PN in the elderly and compare clinical outcomes against younger patients. Methods: A retrospective review of inpatients administered PN from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019 was performed. Demographics, indications for PN, biochemical results and clinical outcomes were compared. Patients were categorized into < 65 (younger) or ≥ 65 years old (elderly). Results: 235 patients were included. There were 103 patients in the elderly group with a mean age of 73.9 years (± 6.9 years) and 132 patients in the younger group with a mean age of 52.4 years (± 12.5 years). There was a significantly higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and comordities and lower Karnofsky score in the elderly group. Indications for PN were similar between both groups. There was more younger patients who required PN for ≥28 days. The elderly group received a significantly lower total calorie, dextrose and protein compared to the younger group (20.8 (7.8) vs 22.8 (6.3) kcal/kg/day ; 3.1 (1.4) vs 3.6 (1.4) g/kg/day ; 1.1 (0.4) vs 1.2 (0.3) g/kg/day ). Mean length of stay was significantly longer in the younger group than in the elderly group (59.8 (± 55.3 ) vs 35.9 (± 21.3) days). There was no significant difference in clinical outcomes: line sepsis, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, fluid overload, inpatient mortality and total mortality between the two groups. Conclusion: The usage of PN in elderly patients with acute intestinal failure was not associated with an increased rate of PN related complications nor worse clinical outcomes when compared with younger patients. and hence should not be denied when appropriate indications are present.
A rubric-based mathematical model for evaluation of direct PO attainment through CO attainment and CO-PO articulation matrix for OBE system
Authors: Datta Dilip 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The traditional education system is mostly oriented to scoring good marks in examinations, thus lacking the acquiring of enough profession-oriented knowledge and skill. Hence, the world is now moving towards the outcome-based education system to make students to achieve desirable outcomes related to knowledge, skills, attitudes and behavior. The system at the lowest level requires the attainment of a set of Program Outcomes (POs) through the attainment of individual Course Outcomes (COs). Different accrediting agencies have set up their own broad guidelines on assessment and evaluation of the attainment of COs and POs, which are interpreted differently by different Institutes for framing various case-based CO-PO attainment models as per their own comfort. However, no general model for the same could be found in specialized literature. Accordingly, a rubric-based direct mathematical model of general form is proposed here for evaluating the attainment of COs and POs, which can be applied to any Program even for its assessment and improvement by the concerned Institute itself. The model is explained with sufficient illustrations for easy understanding. Also, the presented mathematical formulations will help in easy implementation of the model in a computer program.
Attenuation of impact waves in a nonlinear acoustic metamaterial beam
Authors: Hu Bing , Fang Xin , Cheng Li , Wen Jihong , Yu Dianlong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wave propagation in nonlinear acoustic metamaterials (NAMs) has attracted broad attention. While showing the possibility of achieving low-frequency and broadband vibration suppression, most existing work focuses on harmonic waves. In this paper, we study the impact wave propagation and its mitigation in a nonlinear metamaterial beam. Thorough numerical analyses show that strongly nonlinear acoustic metamaterials can entail effective attenuation of impact waves in an infinite structure and the impact vibration in a finite structure with a much higher efficiency than what can be achieved in their linear counterparts. The attenuation properties, underlying mechanisms and the influence of key system parameters are clarified. Results show that the observed attenuation is dominated by the nonlinearity-induced self-broadening of the bandgaps whose bandwidths adaptively expand with the propagation distance/time, as a result of the amplitude-dependent nature of the band gaps in a NAM. In a finite NAM structure, significant attenuation of the impact vibration can be achieved, outperforming the corresponding linear cases. These findings shed lights on new physics relating to NAMs and might inspire their further study and application.