bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of in‐situ growth of boron nitride with chestnut ball copper cobaltate synergistic ammonium polyphosphate on flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and thermal conductivity of polylactic acid
Authors: Xu Wenzong , Yao Le , Ding Ding , Zhou Haiou , Zhou Yaocheng , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAmmonium polyphosphate (APP) is generally used to prepare fire retardant polymer composites, but it is still a challenge to further improve its flame retardant efficiency. In this study, BN‐CuCo2O4 (BNCC) hybrid was successfully prepared by in‐situ growth of copper cobaltate (CC) on boron nitride (BN) by the hydrothermal method. It was added together with APP to polylactic acid (PLA) to prepare PLA composite materials. Investigations were performed into its influence on the composite's fire‐retardant ability and thermal conductivity. When 3 wt% BNCC and 12 wt% APP was added, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the PLA composite reached 31.7%, which was higher than that of pure PLA improved by 69.5% and it reached V‐0 rating of vertical combustion test (UL‐94). The cone calorimeter (CCT) test showed that the addition of 3 wt% BNCC and 12 wt% APP to PLA composites significantly increased both the residual char yield and the efficiency of suppressing smoke production compared to pure PLA and APP/PLA composites. BNCC could further improve its flame retardant efficiency of APP. The thermal conductivity test showed that BNCC further improved the thermal conductivity of PLA composites. Furthermore, the residual char and fire‐retardant mechanism of the composites was analyzed and intensive studied.
Multi‐omics analysis to characterize molecular adaptation of Entamoeba histolytica during serum stress
Authors: Singh Shashi Shekhar , Mansuri Mohammad Shahid , Naiyer Sarah , Kaur Devinder , Agrahari Mridula , Srinivasan Sandhya , Jhingan Gagan Deep , Bhattacharya Alok , Bhattacharya Sudha 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEntamoeba histolytica is responsible for dysentery and extraintestinal disease in humans. To establish successful infection, it must generate adaptive response against stress due to host defense mechanisms. We have developed a robust proteomics workflow by combining miniaturized sample preparation, low flow‐rate chromatography, and ultra‐high sensitivity mass spectrometry, achieving increased proteome coverage, and further integrated proteomics and RNA‐seq data to decipher regulation at translational and transcriptional levels. Label‐free quantitative proteomics led to identification of 2344 proteins, an improvement over the maximum number identified in E. histolytica proteomic studies. In serum‐starved cells, 127 proteins were differentially abundant and were associated with functions including antioxidant activity, cytoskeleton, translation, catalysis, and transport. The virulence factor, Gal/GalNAc‐inhibitable lectin subunits, was significantly altered. Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data revealed that only 30% genes were coordinately regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. Some highly expressed transcripts did not change in protein abundance. Conversely, genes with no transcriptional change showed enhanced protein abundance, indicating post‐transcriptional regulation. This multi‐omics approach enables more refined gene expression analysis to understand the adaptive response of E. histolytica during growth stress.
Compound heterozygous mutation of RTEL1 in interstitial lung disease complicated with pneumothorax and emphysema: A case report and literature review
Authors: Luo Man , Wang Jiao‐Li 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are common respiratory diseases with limited treatment options and poor prognoses. Early and accurate diagnosis of ILD is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary discussion. We report a 32‐year‐old patient admitted to our hospital with cough and increasing dyspnea on exertion. Computerized tomography scan of his chest demonstrated diffuse interstitial abnormalities, emphysematous changes, and a pneumothorax. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing indicated a compound mutation of heterozygosity in RTEL1 gene c.2992C > T(p.Arg998*) and c.482T > C(p.Val161Ala). In‐silicon analysis revealed the pathogenic nonsense mutation c.2992C > T, which introduced a premature stop codon in exon 30 of RTEL1. The patient is still alive with progressive dyspnea to now. We reviewed the pathophysiology of ILD patients carrying RTEL1 mutations and the roles of RTEL1 mutation in guiding treatment and prognostication in ILD.
An auxiliary Part‐of‐Speech tagger for blog and microblog cyber‐slang
Authors: Golia Silvia , Zola Paola 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe increasing impact of Web 2.0 involves a growing usage of slang, abbreviations, and emphasized words, which limit the performance of traditional natural language processing models. The state‐of‐the‐art Part‐of‐Speech (POS) taggers are often unable to assign a meaningful POS tag to all the words in a Web 2.0 text. To solve this limitation, we are proposing an auxiliary POS tagger that assigns the POS tag to a given token based on the information deriving from a sequence of preceding and following POS tags. The main advantage of the proposed auxiliary POS tagger is its ability to overcome the need of tokens' information since it only relies on the sequences of existing POS tags. This tagger is called auxiliary because it requires an initial POS tagging procedure that might be performed using online dictionaries (e.g., Wikidictionary) or other POS tagging algorithms. The auxiliary POS tagger relies on a Bayesian network that uses information about preceding and following POS tags. It was evaluated on the Brown Corpus, which is a general linguistics corpus, on the modern ARK dataset composed by Twitter messages, and on a corpus of manually labeled Web 2.0 data.
Pd(II)‐Functionalized Polymeric Shell Encapsulated on Magnetite Nanocatalysts for C−C Coupling Reactions
Authors: Rathod Prakash B. , Ajish Kumar K. S. , Pratap Singh Mahendra , Athawale Anjali A. , Pandey Ashok K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA polymeric network grafted on the magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PAA−PPh3) were found to aggregate in the form a cotton‐ball like morphology, which exhibited a good loading of Pd(II) generally used as homogeneous catalyst in many coupling reactions. To prepare the Fe3O4@PAA−PPh3 nanoplatform for loading Pd(II), Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with amines were coupled to polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethylene amine (PEI) and triphenyl phosphine (PPh3) sequentially using the HBTU‐DIEA coupling method. The Pd(II)‐loaded Fe3O4@PAA−PPh3 catalyst showed better activity toward the representative Mizoroki‐Heck type coupling reactions. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4@PAA−PPh3 loaded with palladium was compared with the available homogenous and heterogeneous catalyst systems. This comparison seemed to suggest that Pd(II)‐loaded Fe3O4@PAA−PPh3 had higher turnover frequency, which could be a potential alternative to the existingnanoplatforms for loading homogeneous catalysts in terms of not only better turnover number and turnover frequency but also improved recyclability.
Imidazolinium‐functionalized Complexes of Cobalt and Iron as Catalysts for Hydrosilylation Reactions
Authors: Chen Lei , Huo Yingpeng , Tai Mingyang , Wang Xiaofei , Gui Xuefeng , Tu Yuanyuan , Lin Shudong , Hu Jiwen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe hydrosilylation addition reaction is one of the most important methods for the synthesis of silicone compounds, in which the catalyst plays an extremely important role. Currently, the most widely used hydrosilylation addition catalyst is platinum metal catalysts, but they are difficult to recycle, expensive and contaminates the product frequently. Thus, research into base metal catalysts is gradually attracting more attention. In this paper, two imidazolinium‐functionalized metal complexes were prepared as efficient and recyclable base metal catalysts for hydrosilylation reactions under solvent‐free condition. These catalysts exhibited excellent activity, with conversion% reaching up to 85.9 %. Meanwhile, the imidazolinium‐functionalized cobalt complexes (Co‐ILF) exhibited unique selectivity for silanes containing aromatic rings. Recoverability test data revealed that the functional catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for at least four times without significant loss of activity, the fourth reaction conversion can still reach to 70 %. The raw materials of the catalysts were cheap and easily available, which makes these non‐precious metal catalysts extremely promising candidates for use in hydrosilylation reactions.
Cation Protonation Degree Influence on the Formation of Anion⋅⋅⋅Anion and Other Non‐Valent Interactions in Guaninium Perrhenates and Pertechnetate
Authors: Novikov Anton P. , German Konstantin E. , Safonov Alexey V. , Grigoriev Mikhail S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractH2Gua(ReO4)2, HGuaReO4 and HGuaTcO4 were first obtained and structurally characterized. Two types of anionic interactions were found in the structure with the twice protonated cation. One type of the rare double‐lock interaction of perrhenate anions was found in the case of the singly protonated guanine salt. Singly charged cations are linked by hydrogen bonds into layer. π‐Stacking interactions between these layers form 3‐dimensional frame. Multiple and relatively abundant anion‐π interactions are formed in H2Gua(ReO4)2 as compared to HGuaReO4 and HGuaTcO4. Different types of crystal packing are formed in the compounds under research. Hirshfeld surface analysis has given evidence that the main contribution to intermolecular interactions for the cations is made by hydrogen bonds of the O⋅⋅⋅H/H⋅⋅⋅O type in all structures, O⋅⋅⋅C/C⋅⋅⋅O and O⋅⋅⋅N/N⋅⋅⋅O interactions in H2Gua(ReO4)2, N⋅⋅⋅H/H⋅⋅⋅N and H⋅⋅⋅H interactions in HGuaReO4 and HGuaTcO4.
Veterinary professionals’ experiences of moral injury: A qualitative study
Authors: Williamson Victoria , Murphy Dominic , Greenberg Neil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundExposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIE) has been found to be associated with negative mental health outcomes. Veterinary professionals (VPs) often experience challenging workplace events, but whether they experience PMIEs and the impact of exposure on their wellbeing is poorly understood. The objective of the study was to explore UK VPs experiences of PMIEs, the impact of PMIEs on VPs' wellbeing and beliefs about factors that influence VPs' exposure to PMIEs.MethodsTen VPs were recruited. Semi‐structured interviews were carried out, and data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsVPs were found to experience PMIEs, including transgressive acts of commission or omission (e.g., being involved in or witnessing convenience euthanasia) or betrayal by trusted colleagues (e.g., bullying). Experiences of PMIEs evoked considerable psychological distress, including guilt, shame and loss of confidence in one's abilities. Several risk factors for experiencing psychological distress following a PMIE were described.ConclusionsThis study provides some of the first evidence that VPs may be vulnerable to moral injury and illustrates the impact that PMIEs may have on VPs' wellbeing.LimitationsFuture studies are needed to design and evaluate effective pathways for the prevention of and intervention for VPs who experience moral injury.
Acute Intraprocedural Thrombosis After Flow Diverter Stent Implantation: Risk Factors and Relevance of Standard Observation Time for Early Detection and Management
Authors: Hohenstatt Sophia , Ulfert Christian , Herweh Christian , Schönenberger Silvia , Purrucker Jan C. , Bendszus Martin , Möhlenbruch Markus A. , Vollherbst Dominik F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Acute intraprocedural thrombosis (AIT) is a severe complication of flow diverter stent (FDS) implantation for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Even though device-related thromboembolic complications are well known, there are no acknowledged risk factors nor defined surveillance protocols for their early detection. This study aimed to demonstrate that an angiographic active surveillance is effective to detect and treat AIT. Furthermore, we investigated risk factors for the occurrence of AIT.

Methods
A prospective institutional protocol consisting of a defined observation period of 30 min following FDS deployment was established to detect AIT. Overall incidence, as well as the efficacy and safety of AIT treatment were assessed. Moreover, radiological and clinical outcomes of patients with AIT were analyzed. The influence of various patient- and procedure-related factors on the occurrence of AIT was investigated using multivariable forward logistic regression.

Results
During active surveillance twelve cases of AIT were observed among a total of 161 procedures (incidence: 7.5%). The median time of first observation was 15.5 min (IQR 9.5) after FDS implantation. The early recognition of AIT ensured a prompt treatment with intravenous application of a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, which led to complete thrombus resolution in all cases without hemorrhagic complications. Patients with pre-existing arterial hypertension and side branches originating from the aneurysmal sac had a higher risk of AIT (respectively OR, 9.844; OR, 3.553). There were two cases of re-thrombosis in the short-term postoperative period, of whom one died. The remaining patients with AIT had a good clinical outcome.

Conclusion
Active surveillance for 30 min after FDS implantation is an effective strategy for early detection and ensuing treatment of AIT and can thus prevent secondary sequalae. Hypertension and side branches originating from the aneurysmal sac may increase the risk of AIT.
Pre-injury stimulant use in isolated severe traumatic brain injury: effect on outcomes
Authors: Jakob Dominik Andreas , Lewis Meghan , Benjamin Elizabeth Robinson , Haltmeier Tobias , Schnüriger Beat , Exadaktylos Aristomenis Konstantinos , Demetriades Demetrios 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of pre-injury stimulant use (amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine and/or ecstasy) on outcomes after isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods
Retrospective 2017 TQIP study, including adult trauma patients (≥16 years old) who underwent drug and alcohol screening on admission and sustained an isolated severe TBI (head AIS ≥3). Patients with significant extracranial trauma (AIS ≥3) were excluded. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics, procedures and outcome variables were collected. Patients with isolated stimulant use were matched 1:1 for age, gender, mechanism of injury, head AIS and overall comorbidities, with patients with negative toxicology and alcohol screen. Outcomes in the two groups were compared with univariable and multivariable regression analysis.

Results
681 patients with isolated TBI and stimulant use were matched with 681 patients with negative toxicology and alcohol screen. The incidence of hypotension and CGS <9 was similar in the two groups.
In multivariable regression analysis, stimulant use was not independently associated with mortality (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.61–1.49). However, stimulant use was associated with longer hospital length of stay (HLOS) (RC 1.13, 95%CI 1.03–1.24).

Conclusion
Pre-injury stimulant use is common in patients admitted for severe TBI, but was not independently associated with mortality when compared to patients with negative toxicology. However, stimulant use was associated with a significant longer HLOS.
The association between body height and cancer: a retrospective analysis of 784,192 outpatients in Germany
Authors: Krieg Sarah , Roderburg Christoph , Krieg Andreas , Luedde Tom , Loosen Sven H. , Kostev Karel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer risk is determined by numerous factors. Recently, body height has been linked to different cancer sites in different populations.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 784,192 adult outpatients with available body height values from 2010 to 2020 using the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA). The outcome was the incidence of cancer diagnoses within the study period according to body height, stratified by age, sex, and cancer sites.

Results
Overall cancer incidence rose with increasing body height in both sexes. In women, there was a rise from 10.9 (≤ 160 cm) to 13.6 (> 180 cm) and from 16.6 (≤ 160 cm) to 26.8 (> 180 cm) cases per 1000 patient years in the 51–60 and > 70 years age group, respectively. Among men, cancer incidene increased from 23.9 (≤ 165 cm) to 26.3 (176–185 cm) and from 38.9 (≤ 165 cm) to 43.4 (176–185 cm) cases per 1000 patient years in 61–70 and > 70 years age group, respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) for developing cancer was 1.11 (95% CI 1.09–1.13) for every 10 cm increase in body height among women and 1.06 (95% CI 1.04–1.08) among men. A significant association between body height and cancer incidence was found for certain cancer sites, such as malignant melanoma, in both women (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11–1.33) and men (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18–1.42).

Conclusion
In this study, we present the first data from a large cohort from Germany that provide strong evidence for a positive association between body height and the overall risk of developing various cancers.
Mesoscale eddy variability in the Caribbean Sea
Authors: López-Álzate Margarita E. , Sayol Juan-Manuel , Hernández-Carrasco Ismael , Osorio Andrés F. , Mason Evan , Orfila Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe spatial distribution, and the monthly and seasonal variability of mesoscale eddy observations derived from the AVISO eddy atlas are assessed in the Caribbean Sea during 1993–2019. The average lifetime for the whole set of eddies is 62 ± 37 days, mean amplitude of 7 ± 4 cm for cyclonic and 7 ± 4 cm for anticyclonic and mean radius of 100 ± 31 km for cyclonic and 108 ± 32 km for anticyclonic. Cyclonic eddies are on average more nonlinear than anticyclonic ones. The spatio-temporal variability in the number of eddy observations is evaluated against the Mean Eddy Kinetic Energy (MEKE) derived from geostrophic currents as well as from seasonal winds. Spatial distribution of eddy observations is correlated with MEKE while the migration of the intertropical convergence zone explains the advection of eddies towards the southern part of the basin.
Dynamic Biaxial Compression of CFRP Laminates Using Electromagnetic Loading
Authors: Kang Huaipu , Liang Jintao , Li Yi , Cui Hao , Li Yulong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe dynamic biaxial compression test for carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates was carried out via synchronous electromagnetic loading in this study. During the experiments, four stress pulses transmitted along four incident bars, loading the square specimen simultaneously from four directions to keep the center of the specimen still. The dynamic mechanical behavior of CFRP was obtained employing the one-dimensional wave propagation theory, and the deformation and failure processes of the specimens were recorded by a high-speed camera. The effects of various biaxial stresses on the compressive strength were investigated in three biaxial and one uniaxial loading cases. For the CFRP laminates, the dynamic transverse compressive stress showed little effect on the longitudinal ultimate compressive strength. Numerical simulations were performed to understand the dynamic stress wave propagation. It showed that the employed loading device could guarantee good biaxial loading conditions until the ultimate failure of the specimens. This approach allows for the dynamic biaxial compression testing of various materials, which is of great significance in evaluating the dynamic impact performance of aeronautical composites.
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Protects Against Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Through Antagonizing Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress
Authors: Yang Wen , Jia Chunwang , Liu Long , Fu Yu , Wu Yawei , Liu Zhicheng , Yu Ruixuan , Ma Xiaojie , Gong Ao , Liu Fangming , Xia Yanni , Hou Yong , Li Yuhua , Zhang Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) demonstrates a gradually increased incidence and has developed into a major health problem worldwide. The nucleus pulposus is characterized by the hypoxic and avascular environment, in which hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has an important role through its participation in extracellular matrix synthesis, energy metabolism, cellular adaptation to stresses and genesis. In this study, the effects of HIF-1α on mouse primary nucleus pulposus cells (MNPCs) exposed to TNF-α were observed, the potential mechanism was explored and a rabbit IVDD model was established to verify the protective role of HIF-1α on IVDD. In vitro results demonstrated that HIF-1α could attenuate the inflammation, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by TNF-α in MNPCs; promote cellular anabolism; and inhibit cellular catabolism. In vivo results demonstrated that after establishment of IVDD model in rabbit, disc height and IVD extracellular matrix were decreased in a time-dependent manner, MRI analysis showed a tendency for decreased T2 values in a time-dependent manner and supplementation of HIF-1α improved histological and imaginative IVDD while downregulation of HIF-1α exacerbated this degeneration. In summary, HIF-1α protected against IVDD, possibly through reducing ROS production in the mitochondria and consequent inhibition of inflammation, metabolism disorders and apoptosis of MNPCs, which provided a potential therapeutic instrument for the treatment of IVDD diseases.
Schlaf und Wettkämpfe bei jungen AthletInnen
Authors: Schredl Michael , Erlacher Daniel , Vorster Albrecht 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundSchlaf spielt auch für SportlerInnen eine wichtige Rolle, vor allem vor Wettkämpfen.Ziel der ArbeitIn einer Stichprobe von NachwuchsathletInnen soll erfasst werden, ob ein gestörter Schlaf vorliegt und welche Ursachen und Auswirkungen ein gestörter Schlaf vor Wettkämpfen aus subjektiver Sicht hat.Material und MethodeMittels eines Online-Fragebogens wurden 46 SchülerInnen eines Sportgymnasiums (Tenero, Schweiz) befragt.ErgebnisseÜber zwei Drittel der jugendlichen Athletinnen berichten über einen schlechteren Schlaf vor wichtigen Wettkämpfen oder Spielen. 40 % dieser AthletInnen gaben an, dass der schlechte Schlaf vor dem Wettkampf/Spiel ihre Leistung beeinträchtigt hat.DiskussionDa aus subjektiver Sicht schlechter Schlaf die Wettkampfleistungen beeinträchtigen kann, ist es sinnvoll, dieses Thema intensiver zu beforschen (kontrollierte Studien) und Schlafinterventionen für diese Zielgruppe zu entwickeln.
Integration of propelled yaw control on wing tips: a practical approach to the Icaré solar-powered glider
Authors: Schneider Johannes , Frangenberg Michael , Notter Stefan , Scholz Werner , Fichter Walter , Strohmayer Andreas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this practical approach to distributed propulsion, the solar-powered manned motorglider icaré 2 has been used as a testbed for wingtip propulsion. The large wingspan and slow cruising speed of icaré 2 are highly suitable to assess the influence and potential of propellers at the wingtips for yaw control. The paper describes the work of a multidisciplinary team consisting of researchers, engineers, pilots and students, starting from the initial idea to use propellers at the wingtips of icaré 2 up to the actual flight test campaign. First, the design and development of the modular wingtip pods are described to house the propeller, electric motor, battery and further sensors and control systems. Furthermore, the modifications required for integrating the wingtip pods on the aircraft itself are outlined and the electrical and mechanical interfaces are defined and described. To obtain a permit to fly for the new configuration of the aircraft, several tests on system level of the wingtip pods needed to be conducted and documented for the authorities. Finally, the flight test campaigns carried out to date are outlined and described including the planning, lessons learned and results.