bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Analysis of Modified Advanced-Platelet-Rich Fibrin Buffy Coat among Diabetic Patients and Tobacco Smokers with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Das Neelam , Amaranath B. J. Janardhana 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare histologically the pattern of distribution of platelet and leukocyte concentration, quality of fibrin network, and the aggregation of platelets in the three zones of modified advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) buffy coat among uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients, tobacco smokers, and healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional cytology study, 180 generalized chronic periodontitis patients (46–55 years) were enrolled – Group 1 (control group): 60 systemically healthy participants, Group 2 (test group): 60 heavy tobacco smokers, and Group 3 (test group): 60 uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients. Fifteen milliliters of blood was drawn from all study participants. Modified A- PRF membrane was prepared and then processed histologically.

Results:
The distribution pattern of platelet and leukocyte concentration in modified (A-PRF) gradually declines from the serum to the red blood cell (RBC) end of a clot in all groups. We have assessed that the serum and middle end of modified (A-PRF) membrane had an increasingly moderate distribution of platelets and leukocytes in both type 2 diabetics and tobacco smokers. RBC end had more of sparse distribution in all the three groups. Healthy individuals exhibited 95% of reversible pattern, whereas tobacco smokers had 78.33% and uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients had 93.33% of irreversible aggregation pattern of platelets. Loose fibrin network pattern was seen in all the three groups. These observations conclude that tobacco smokers had a high percentage of loose fibrin network with sparse distribution of cells. Males showed more loose fibrin network pattern of modified (A-PRF) membrane than compared to females.

Conclusion:
In the present study, it can be concluded that the application of modified (A-PRF) may provide enhanced periodontal healing in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients and tobacco smokers; furthermore, females may have better regenerative capacity compared to males.
A 3-Year Prospective Clinical Study to Evaluate the Outcome of Single-Piece Implant-Prosthetic Complex after Immediate NonFunctional Loading in the Maxillary Anterior and Mandibular Posterior Areas in Varied Bone Densities
Authors: Nelluri Vizaikumar Vasudha , Gedela Rajani Kumar , Roseme Kandatilparambil Maria 
Published: June 2022

Context:
There is limited evidence on the outcome of single-piece implant-prosthetic complex after immediate nonfunctional loading in varied bone densities.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to report the outcome of single-piece implant-prosthetic complex with a novel cervical platform design in the anterior and posterior jaws 3 years after loading.

Setting and Design:
Prospective clinical study.

Materials and Methods:
The present study included placement of 90 single-piece implants in the anterior and the posterior jaws in varied bone densities. After immediate loading, survival and marginal bone loss was recorded at regular intervals.

Statistical Analysis:
Independent sample t-test and paired t-test were done (P = 0.05).

Results:
Group I, annual marginal bone loss at the end of one, 2 and 3 years was 0.21, respectively, in both bone densities. Group II, annual marginal bone loss in D2 regions was 0.75,0.38 and 0.18; 0.64, 0.28 and 0.18 in D3 regions at the end of 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. Group I showed no statistically significant difference in marginal bone loss between D2 and D3 bone annually in contrast to Group II. Intragroup comparisons of mean between baseline and various time intervals showed statistically significant bone loss in both bone densities.

Conclusion:
Three years after loading, single-piece implants with the novel cervical platform design provided survival rates of 93% in the maxillary anteriors and 91% in the mandibular posteriors. D3 bone showed more marginal bone loss than D2 bone.
Comparison of Diagnostic Ability of Conventional Film and Storage Phosphor Plate in Detecting Proximal Caries with Direct Measurements by Stereomicroscope
Authors: Vijayan Aswathy Kallaliel , Jo Shiana , Mathew Benila , Vidyadharan Mathew , Nair Aparna M. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Radiography plays an important role in detection of interproximal caries. The aim of study is to compare diagnostic ability of conventional film and photostimulable phosphor (PSP) with direct measurement using stereomicroscope in detecting proximal caries.

Methodology:
In this descriptive study – diagnostic test evaluation, 200 proximal surfaces of 100 extracted human posterior teeth were radiographed with dental X-ray unit. Evaluation of conventional and digital radiographs was performed twice by three observers. Carious lesions were classified based on a four-point scale (R0–R3) suggested by Abesi et al. Weighted kappa coefficients were calculated to assess intra- and interobserver agreement for each image set. Indices of diagnostic ability calculation were based on the first readings of the three observers. The scores were compared with the histological gold standard using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic ability.

Results:
Intraobserver kappa coefficients calculated for each observer for each method of detecting caries ranged from 0.914 to 0.956. Interobserver kappa coefficients for each image set ranged from 0.8788 to 0.9583. The sensitivity and specificity of film for the first observer were 77.5% and 78.3% and for PSP were 77.5% and 80%, respectively. ROC analysis revealed that there were no statistically significant results (P > 0.05) between Az values for the two detection methods.

Conclusion:
PSP plate should be preferred over conventional films in detecting cavitated proximal caries. Further studies with more noncavitated proximal surfaces are required to conclusively establish the diagnostic ability of PSP over conventional film.
Preventing Early Childhood Caries through Oral Health Promotion and a Basic Package for Oral Care
Authors: Shenoy Ramya , D’Souza Violet , Kundabala M. , Jain Animesh , Suprabha Baranya Shrikrishna 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Untreated caries in mothers is one of the common risk factors for early childhood caries (ECC).

Aim:
The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of an oral health promotion program on ECC.

Methodology:
We conducted a pragmatic trial at 12 primary health centers in a rural community of India with 311 pregnant women using fluoride toothpaste, oral health information through pamphlets, and referral to urgent dental care or atraumatic dental treatment as the test intervention. Data were collected through structured interviews at baseline and oral examination of the children at 2 years of age.

Results:
Of the 311 women who participated, 274 children were followed up with at 2 years of age. ECC was low and comparable in both groups. When compared with the control group, significantly, more children from the intervention group were breastfed for over 6 months of age (P = 0.012) and consumed less sugar (P < 0.001). The number of mothers’ decayed teeth (P = 0.01), children's sweet scores (P < 0.001), and the age at which brushing commenced for children (P = 0.04) increased the likelihood of tooth decay in children.

Conclusion:
The oral health promotion program had some beneficial effects in preventing caries in children when provided to pregnant women.
Management of Chondrosarcomas of the Jaws in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Edetanlen Benlance Ekaniyere , Ehizonaga Jovana Ivie , Omoregie Osawe 
Published: June 2022

Background:
There is a dearth of literature on the diagnostic characteristics and treatment outcomes for chondrosarcomas of the jaws in our environment due to the rarity of the lesion.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to review the demographic data, presenting symptoms, location, radiographic findings, histological findings, treatment, and outcomes in chondrosarcoma of the jaws.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective medical record review was undertaken of all patients diagnosed with chondrosarcoma of the jaws at our center between 2000 and 2020.

Results:
Ten patients (3%) were identified among 333 patients with orofacial neoplastic lesions. The mean age was 26.6 years (standard deviation [SD] 20.6 years, range 14–82 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Eight (80.0%) patients had jaw swelling and the average duration of symptoms on presentation was 18 months. Maxillary location occurred in six (60.0%) patients. Radiographically, all the lesions appeared radiolucent without clearly defined borders. All patients had only radical resection, except one who had adjuvant chemotherapy as well. Recurrence occurred in three (30.0%) patients and one of the patients died. The mean follow-up was 3 years (range 1–5 years).

Conclusions:
Chondrosarcomas in this study affected relatively young patients, with painless jaw swelling being the most common presenting symptom. Men and women were equally affected. Radiolucent lesions and conventional histological types were the most common. Radical surgery alone was the most common modality of treatment and the outcomes were good.
Prevalence of Revision Adenoidectomy in a Tertiary Otorhinolaryngology Centre in Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Jamila , Dadi Hassan Iliya , Sanni Rasheedat , Shofoluwe Nurudeen Adebola 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Remnants or the regrowth of adenoid tissue after adenoidectomy may present with clinical symptoms that could warrant a revision surgery.

Aim and Objectives:
This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of revision adenoidectomy in our centre.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective case–control study conducted in a tertiary otorhinolaryngology centre over a 10-year period. Cases of revision adenoidectomies were identified and matched with controlled cases of single-stage adenoidectomies within the same period. All information was entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 and analysed using descriptive and cross-tabulation analysis.

Results:
A total of 1249 adenoidectomies were performed during the period of review with 26 being revision cases. The prevalence of revision adenoidectomy was found to be 2.1% with the mean interval between surgeries being 2.1 years. Age ≤ 2 years (odds ratio (OR) = 95.25, P < 0.0001), allergy (OR = 0.09, P < 0.0001), recurrent tonsillitis (OR = 0.79, P = 0.006), recurrent/chronic middle ear infections (OR = 7.5, P < 0.0001), and the primary surgeon being a junior registrar (OR = 11.5, P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with revision adenoidectomy. The performance of adenoidectomy without tonsillectomy also carries a significant odd (P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
Revision adenoidectomy is low in our setting. Young age at primary surgery, the presence of allergy, surgeon’s designation, the extent of surgery, and recurrent middle ear and tonsil infections are factors associated with revision adenoidectomy. These should be considered in risk stratification and surgery planning.
The Role of Inhabited Animals With People in Human Transmission of Blastocystis sp.
Authors: ÇAKIR Fatih , CİCEK Muttalip , İÇEN Hasan , YILDIRIM İbrahim , KOÇHAN Akın 
Published: June 2022

Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal parasite worldwide that can cause infection in humans and animals. Blastocystis sp. has a high genetic diversity with 17 different subtypes (ST) identified to date. Since nine of these subtypes are common in both humans and animals, it has been proposed that animals may have a role in the transmission of Blastocystis sp. to human.
The aim of this study is to investigate the epidemiological effect of animals on the human transmission of Blastocystis species by molecular methods for in our country.
A total of 420 faecal samples were collected from the cattle, sheep, dogs, horses and chickens. Samples were stained with trichrome staining and cultivated by Jones's medium culture method. Blastocystis was detected in 53(12.6%) of 420. The samples were examined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to identify nine common human subtypes.
Subtypes were not detected in 33(62.3) of the 53 Blastocystis positive samples. Subtypes were detected in 20(37.7%) samples. The detected subtypes were as follows: ST5 in 4(7.5%) sheep, ST6 in 6(11.3%) chickens, ST7 in 11(20.7%) chickens, both ST6-ST7 were detected in one chicken).
ST1, ST2, ST3 and ST4 - common subtypes in our country- were not detected in any animal. Sheep and chickens may be the source of human transmission of ST5, ST6 and ST7, the rare subtypes in our country.
As a result, humans rather than animals, seem to be the source of the human transmission of Blastocystis sp. in our country.
Real-World Experience of Hemoxin R Plus (Nikosan K Plus): Retrospective Analysis on 150 Patients
Authors: Megha Mangla  , Anish Mody  , Purviben Choudhari  , Nitin R Bhasin  , Chaggan Choudhary  
Published: June 2022

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is amongst the most common genetic hematological disorders. Hand-foot syndrome (swelling), pain and anemia are some of the very common complications of the disease. In Sickle cell anemia, the number of healthy RBCs decrease which results in reduction of oxygen in the tissues. Majority of the SCD patients are from low socio-economic strata and can barely afford costly treatment modalities. Retrospective analysis was done on 150 patients who consumed a proprietary Ayurvedic medicine, Hemoxin R Plus (Nikosan K Plus). Objectives: Sickle cell anemia impacts quality of life of patients which include pains including joint pain, abdominal pain, and total body pain. It also leads to breathlessness, weakness or fatigue and hence difficulties in doing daily chores. Our aim was to evaluate safety and efficacy of Hemoxin R Plus, an Ayurvedic medicine in improving quality of life in patients having SCA. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective analysis. Hospital records of the patients were used and reviewed for the analysis. The doctors who treated the patients collected the data from the medical records department. Wilcoxon signed rank test was applied for analysis. Parameters related to the quality of life were studied. The parameters considered were pain (whole body, abdominal, limbs/joints, back), fatigue, breathlessness, difficulty in doing daily activities and absenteeism (school/job). Results: For every parameter considered for analysis, the probability value (p value) was found to be <0.05, confirming the statistical significance in reduction of symptoms. Hemoxin R Plus was found to be safe in the dose administered, as there were no adverse events reported. Conclusion: Capsule Hemoxin R Plus can be used for of the management of sickle cell anemia in pain reduction and in improving the quality of life.
Ayurvedic Management of Oligoasthenozoospermia - A Case Report
Authors: Rajini P  
Published: June 2022

Oligoasthenozoospermia is the condition where the two parameters, sperm count and sperm motility is altered. It depicts a decrease in the concentration and percentage of motile spermatozoa in a sperm sample and is determined by semen analysis. Researches show that nearly 50% of infertility in India is related to the male reproductive factors or diseases. Based on the study conducted by WHO from 1982 to 1985 in multicentres about 20% of infertility cases is due to male factors. Approximately 23% of Indian couples taking infertility treatment attributed the cause towards male factors. Oligoasthenozoospermia can be correlated to Sukra kshaya Lakshanas mentioned in Ashta sukra dushtis. A male patient aged 32 years with 2.5 years of married life revealed the semen volume as 2ml, Sperm concentration 1 million/ml, progressive motility 3%, Non progressive motility 2% and immotile sperms 95% with normal sperm morphology, increased viscosity and increased liquefaction time. After Ayurvedic management through Sodhana and Samana chikitsa for about 5 months revealed Normozoospermia with Sperm count 47 million/ml, progressive motility 25% and Non progressive motility15%. This shows the effectiveness of Ayurveda medicines in the case of Oligoasthenozoospermia and ensures that Ayurveda can provide spectacular outcome in the areas of Male infertility.
موجات الاحتجاجات في العراق بعد 2003: أسبابها وأثرها على العملية السياسية في البلد
Authors: AL-ZUBADİ Hassan Hadi 
Published: June 2022

لا يمكن فصل ما جرى في العام 2011 من مظاهرات وما بعده فالأسباب التي خرج لأجلها المتظاهرين، كان من اسبابها فشل الحكومات المتعاقبة بعد الاحتلال من توفير الأمن والخدمات، لانتشار الفساد المالي والاداري، وهي تهمة تكاد تكون سمة وصفه تسندها الأدلة والوثائق من ذات الاطراف المشاركة بالعملية السياسية، واذا كان هذا السبب أحد الاسباب التي أدت لانتفاضة 25 فبراير/ شباط 2011 وما تلاها وصولا لمظاهرات العام 2013، وأسبابه تمثل اهمية كبرى لطيف واسع من العراقيين، كتقييد الحريات وكثرة عمليات الاعتقالات والاخفاء القسري للمواطنين، لتكتمل هذه الصورة المشوشة مع صورة اخرى حصلت بعد العام 2014، فزادت المعاناة والتحديات، فزادت من اعداد المغيبين، فيما اصبح طيف واسع يسكنون اما في مخيمات لللاجئين او في مناطق تنعدم فيها الخدمات لا تصلح للسكن على وفق ابسط المعايير الانسانية.
وإذا كانت هذه الصورة تمثل جزء من العراق، فان الجزء الاخر منه لا يعيش بحال أفضل منه بفقدانهم للخدمات، ويعيش الشباب في حالة من الضياع نتيجة قلة فرص العمل وانتشار المخدرات، فبرزت مظاهرات مناطقية سنوية يوحدها الاسباب التي خرجوا لأجلها، فضلا عن مظاهرات متعددة من العاطلين عن العمل، وكذلك ساعدت تلك الاسباب في انتشار عصابات الجريمة المنظمة، نتيجة انفلات وانتشار السلاح، والذي يتسبب بالكثير من الصدامات بين العشائر العراقية، والنتيجة مظاهرات أكتوبر/ تشرين الأول 2019. ومع ما حققته تلك الاحتجاجات من نتائج بتغير الحكومة واجراء انتخابات مبكرة على وفق قانون جديد قسم المحافظات الى مناطق انتخابية بدل عن المحافظة منطقة انتخابية واحدة، مع هذا خرجت هنا وهناك العشرات وربما المئات من المظاهرات والاحتجاجات الفئوية.
هذه الاسباب وغيرها كانت وما تزال تشكل تحديات أمام أي حكومة، لاسيما حكومة مبنية على التوافق والاصطفاف الطائفي، وقد فشلت كالعادة على تشكيل حكومة جديدة رغم مرور ما يزيد عن تسعة أشهر من اجراء الانتخابات المبكرة في أكتوبر/ تشرين الأول 2021، وهو ما تنطلق منه فرضية البحث.
Color Depth
Authors: Newell Catie , Craney Ryan 
Published: June 2022

Color Depth is a material-based research project investigating the optical and structural properties of thick glass. The research is driven by an interest in optical gradients of transparency and color, which are designed through a manipulation of geometric form and composition. These qualities can be attributed to the interrelated optical effects created through reflection, refraction, and volume color, in direct correlation to the geometry of individual glass pieces and overall glass assemblies. An example of this can be seen in viewing a monolithic volume of glass that would appear to change color by varying the depths of its form. This concept was originally discussed in Josef Albers’ Interaction of Colour, and applied more specifically to glass in recent essays by Heike Brachlow. Color Depth utilizes this phenomenon of perceived color variation to construct and analyze architectural glass forms in both physical prototypes and design speculation. To evaluate architectural design opportunities, a multi-objective optimization workflow simulates and evaluates varying glass colors, forms, and compositions to achieve a desired visual effect. Additionally, the digital optimization process reveals patterns and visual effects that further the understanding of optical gradients when applied in an architectural context with various seasonal and diurnal environments. Keying into the geometry of glass– to deploy changes in color, darkness, or translucency—Color Depth ties together the physical attributes of a material system with its surrounding light.
Influence of Elevated Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Transparent Adhesive Glass-Glass Joints
Authors: Zikmundová Markéta , Eliášová Martina 
Published: June 2022

Glass is an attractive, transparent but brittle material which is increasingly popular in civil engineering. Not only small and secondary glass structures such as canopies or railings, but also load-bearing structures or structural elements such as stairways, beams, facades, etc. are commonly designed today. The wider use of glass places demands on the connections of glass-to-glass or glass-to-other materials. Mechanical connections are commonly used owing to their known mechanical properties but there is pressure to use adhesives for their considerable advantages. Unfortunately, there is not enough information about the mechanical properties of adhesives exposed to environmental effects and elevated temperature. The paper is focused on experimental testing of glass-to-glass connection using transparent adhesives. The specimens were prepared as double-lap shear joints with 1 mm adhesive joint thickness. In the study, three two-component epoxy adhesives were selected, one rigid adhesive and two semi-rigid adhesives. Specimens were tested at room temperature (reference set) and at elevated temperature (80 °C), six sets of specimens were prepared in total. The test was controlled by displacement with continuous loading until the specimen’s collapse. The cross-head speed was 0.05 mm/min. Shear strength at failure rapidly decreased for specimens exposed to elevated temperature and each specimen failed due to loss of adhesion between adhesive and glass.
High-Temperature Behavior of Silicone Sealants
Authors: Hayez Valérie , Scheutz Georg 
Published: June 2022

Since the early 2000s, an increasing number of globally reported fires in tall buildings, which have spread quickly, have been attributed to the façade. These dramatic events have raised concerns regarding the fire risk posed by materials used in façades and inside the building. Improved performance in both reaction to fire and fire resistance is a necessary requirement for construction materials. Silicone is used in many locations of the façade and buildings, such as sealing of linear joints or firestopping of penetrants in fire-rated walls and floors. Standardized testing enables the evaluation of the fire resistance of such linear and penetration seals in terms of integrity (avoiding the passage of hot smoke and flames) and insulation (limiting the rise of temperature on the non-exposed side). Silicone can also be used to assemble glass-to-metal frames in bonding applications such as smoke barriers. In these applications, retention of bonding and the mechanical properties of the silicone are a cause for concern when exposed to smoke and high temperature. This paper reviews the high-temperature behavior of a selected range of silicones used for sealing and bonding in construction.