bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Omental Patch Closure Versus Simple Closure for Laparoscopic Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mohamedahmed Ali Yasen y , Albendary Mohamed , Patel Kamlesh , Ayeni Adewale Adeoba , Zaman Shafquat , Zaman Osama , Ibrahim Rashid , Mobarak Dham 
Published: March 2022

Aims To evaluate comparative outcomes of laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcer with omental patch versus without omental patch. Methods A systematic search of multiple electronic data sources was conducted, and all studies comparing laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) with and without omental patch were included. Operative time, postoperative complications, re-operation and mortality were the evaluated outcome parameters for the meta-analysis. Revman 5.3 was used for data analysis. Results Four observational studies reporting a total number of 438 patients who underwent laparoscopic repair of PPU with (n = 268) or without (n = 170) omental patch were included. Operative time was significantly shorter in no-omental patch group (NOP) when compared to omental patch group ( P = .02). There was no significant difference in the risk of postoperative ileus (Odd ratio (OR) .76, P = .61), leakage (OR 1.17, P = .80), wound infection (OR 1.89, P = .34), intra-abdominal abscess (OR 1.17, P = .87), re-operation (OR .00, P = .94) and mortality (OR .55, P = .48). Moreover, length of hospital stay was comparable between the two groups ( P = .81). Conclusion Laparoscopic repair of PPU with or without omental patch have comparable postoperative complications and mortality rate. However, considering the shorter operative time, no-omental patch approach is an attractive and more favourable choice. Well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate this comparison.
Geriatric Trauma Patients: Outcomes Before and After Addition of a Hospitalist Consultation
Authors: Milburn Rebecca , Quinn Karson R. , Helmer Stephen D. , Reyes Jared , Mallick Maria , Haan James M. 
Published: March 2022

Background Research has shown improvements in patient care and outcomes with addition of a rounding geriatrician. The purpose of this study was to determine if addition of a hospitalist consultation improved patient outcomes. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all trauma patients, ≥65 years, before (n=481) and after (n=430) addition of a hospitalist consultant. Data included were demographics, comorbidities, injury severity, blood pressure, laboratory levels, pain control methods, ICU and ventilator requirements, complications, hospital length of stay, mortality, preexisting wishes, and 30-day readmission. Results Adding a hospitalist consultation did not improve blood glucose or blood pressure control. It decreased narcotics-only use (36.0% vs 73.8%) while increasing multimodal pain control use (51.8% vs 14.8%, P<.001) and testing of HbA1c (7% vs .6%, P<.001). There was also increased knowledge of patient resuscitation status preferences (29.1% vs 12.9%, P<.001). Conclusions This article does not support use of routine hospitalist consultation in the geriatric trauma population. However, with study limitations, we continue to evaluate hospitalist utility and will adjust our daily rounds to more closely match prior studies.
Keep it SIMPL: Improved Feedback After Implementation of an App-Based Feedback Tool
Authors: Abdou Hossam , Kidd-Romero Sarah , Brown Rebecca F. , Kavic Stephen M. , Kubicki Natalia S. 
Published: March 2022

Background Data defining the utility of the system for improving and measuring procedural learning (SIMPL) in surgical education is limited. The aim of this pilot study is to describe the impact of SIMPL on resident and faculty perspectives regarding operative feedback. Methods Residents and faculty were surveyed prior to and 6 months after SIMPL implementation. Associations were analyzed using [Formula: see text] for categorical and Student’s t-test for continuous variables. Statistical significance was defined as P-value < .05. Results The proportion of residents receiving intraoperative feedback at least once/day increased significantly (35% to 73%, P = .025); there was a trend toward increased postoperative feedback (15% to 33%, P = .201). Faculty reported an increase in intraoperative (55% to 91%, P = .041) and postoperative feedback (21% to 64%, P = .020). Satisfaction with intraoperative feedback improved from a score of 3.50 ± 1.05 to 3.93 ± .62, although not statistically significant ( P = .181). Satisfaction with postoperative feedback improved significantly from 2.85 ± .93 to 3.50 ± .65 ( P = .032). The proportion of faculty who felt they were providing effective feedback increased (53% to 91%, P = .032). The proportion of residents who perceived that feedback enhanced their surgical skill increased as well (65% to 93%, P = .048). Discussion Despite a modest increase in frequency of postoperative feedback, perceived quality of feedback improved substantially after implementation of SIMPL. Introduction of SIMPL also increased the amount of feedback provided by faculty intraoperatively. SIMPL, via direct and indirect effects, has a positive impact on the resident operative learning environment. Further work is necessary to examine the influence this may have on resident operative skill and patient outcomes.
Who are hikikomori? Demographic and clinical features of hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal): A systematic review
Authors: Nonaka Shunsuke , Takeda Tomoya , Sakai Motohiro 
Published: March 2022

Objective:This review, which was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021237988), aimed to systematically extract common elements in the hikikomori definition or criteria applied by researchers and examine cultural differences and chronological changes in the demographic characteristics of hikikomori individuals such as age, gender and hikikomori duration.Method:For inclusion in the review, the hikikomori criteria, age and gender of the hikikomori individuals had to be specified, and the article had to be peer-reviewed and written in Japanese or English, focusing on hikikomori individuals or their families. Case studies, reviews and qualitative studies were excluded.Results:The total sample size for the 52 studies included in the review was 4744. Over 80% of the studies included the elements ‘not working or attending school’, ‘not socializing outside one’s home’ and ‘duration of hikikomori’ in their hikikomori criteria, and many studies included the element ‘staying at home on most days except solitary outings’. A cross-temporal meta-analysis showed the possibility that the age of hikikomori individuals increased chronologically (β = 0.44, B = 0.50, 95% confidence interval = [0.16, 0.84]). Comparisons weighted by sample size between Japan and other countries showed the possibility that the age of hikikomori individuals was higher ( d = 0.32), the percentage of males was lower ( d = 0.91) and the hikikomori duration was shorter ( d = 2.06) in studies conducted in countries other than Japan. However, many of the included studies had a high risk of selection bias, and this bias may have influenced the results obtained. Thus, the results of this study may represent the researcher’s perception of hikikomori rather than accurately representing the actual condition of hikikomori.Conclusion:Researchers should specifically identify similarities and differences in the clinical picture of hikikomori and compare the studies to organize the findings derived from studies focusing on hikikomori.
Who Leaves and Who Enters? Flow Measures of Neighborhood Change and Consequences for Neighborhood Crime
Authors: Hipp John R. , Chamberlain Alyssa W. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives Longitudinal studies of the relationship between neighborhood change and changes in crime typically focus exclusively on the net level of change in key socio-demographic characteristics. Methods We instead propose a demographic accounting strategy that captures the composition of neighborhood change: our measures capture which types of people are more likely to leave, stay, or enter the neighborhood. We use data for 3,325 tracts in the Southern California region over nearly two decades of 2000–2010 and 2010–2017 and construct flow measures based on race/ethnicity; the length of residence of owners and renters; the age structure. Results These flow measures improve the predictive power of the models—implying important theoretical insights. Neighborhoods with higher percentages of middle-aged residents who recently entered the neighborhood exhibit larger increases in violent and property crime. The relative stability of those in the highest crime-prone ages (aged 15–29) is associated with the largest increases in violent and property crime. The greater loss of Black and Asian residents decreased crime while moderate outflows of Latinos increased crime. The mobility of long- and short-term renters was related to crime changes. Conclusions This new technique will likely encourage further theoretical innovation for the neighborhoods and crime literature.
Biological autologous excised varicose vein dressing compared to conservative dressing on the ulcer bed during endovenous ablation
Authors: Avrahami Ram , Silverberg Daniel , Kolvenbach Ralph , Elias Steven , Sivak Galit 
Published: March 2022

Objective To compare the use of biological autologous excised varicose vein dressing ( VenoDress) compared to conservative dressing on the ulcer bed during endovenous ablation Methods This retrospective non-blinded study included all consecutive patients with primary or recurrent venous leg ulcers (VLU) with superficial varices treated in one center between September 2019 and October 2020. They all underwent venous ablation, wound debridement, and when needed phlebectomy. On the study group, the excised veins were incised, formed into a sheet, and applied onto the debrided wound bed with the endothelial side facing the wound bed. Adhesion was assessed weekly for 3 weeks. The study group was compared to a control group that underwent similar procedures but with the debrided wound bed treated with low-adherent paraffin dressing. The primary outcome was complete wound healing at 1 and 3 months, and the secondary outcomes were wound-related pain and leg edema. Results Complete wound closure was documented in 17/26 study group patients at 1 month (65%) and in 25/26 (96%) at 3 months. Complete wound closure was documented in 37/82 patients in the control group (45%) and in 67/82 (82%) at 3 months. The 1-month healing rates were significantly in favor of the VenoDress group when adjusted to sex and diabetes: odds ratio = 2.81 (1.05–7.532), p = .04. The preoperative pain level of the study group (as measured by a visual analog scale VAS (0–10) decreased from 4.96 ± 2.71 to 0.73 ± 1.36 at 1 week and that of the control group from 4.8 ± 2 to 1.35 ± 1.38 at 1 week ( p < .001). Conclusion the use of autologous varicose veins as dressing effectively reduced pain in VLU patients compared to conventional techniques. Although its effects on wound closure appear highly promising, further validation is warranted in a randomized comparative study.
P3 latency as a biomarker for the complexity of migraine with aura: Event-related potential study
Authors: Petrusic Igor , Jovanovic Vojislav , Kovic Vanja , Savic Andrej M 
Published: March 2022

Background This study aimed to compare the P3 component between patients who have migraines with aura and healthy subjects, and to compare different subtypes of migraine with aura relative to the complexity of migraine aura. Methods Average Migraine Aura Complexity Score was calculated for each MwA patient. Visual oddball paradigm was used to elicit the P3 component. P3 amplitudes and latencies elicited from frequent and rare stimuli, as well as from difference wave, were compared with healthy subjects. Subsequently, subtypes of migraine with aura were compared and Average Migraine Aura Complexity Score was used to explore the connection between features of the P3 and complexity of migraine with aura. Results 37 patients who have migraine with aura (16 with simple aura and 21 with complex aura) patients and 28 healthy subjects were studied. Patients who have migraine with aura had significantly prolonged latencies compared to healthy subjects (411 ± 39 ms vs 372 ± 34 ms, p < 0.001) relative to a rare condition. Patients who have complex aura significantly differs from patients who have simple aura (427 ± 34 ms vs 389 ± 35 ms, p = 0.004) and healthy subjects (372 ± 34 ms, p < 0.001) relative to P3 latency in a rare condition and the patients who have complex aura significantly differs from healthy subjects (442 ± 37 ms vs 394 ± 33 ms, p < 0.001) relative to P3 latency in difference wave. P3 latency from rare condition positively correlated with the Average Migraine Aura Complexity Score (p < 0.001). Conclusions Visual oddball paradigm, particularly rare stimuli, could serve as a potential new tool for deep profiling of different clinical complexities among patients who have migraine with aura. Also, the present pattern of P3 components provided new evidence for the cognitive dysfunctions in patients who have migraine with aura.
Healthy emotions and relationships with teens—a guide for parents: An intervention development study of a parent-based intervention for adolescents with depression
Authors: Reigstad Kristina M , Gunlicks-Stoessel Meredith L , Westervelt Ana , Gearity Anne R 
Published: March 2022

Problems in parent-adolescent relationships are a significant risk factor for the development of depression in adolescents. This paper describes the development of a novel and innovative intervention for parents of depressed adolescents that targets attachment-related parenting behaviors, including parent responses to adolescents’ emotions (Healthy Emotions and Relationships with Teens-A Guide for Parents [HEART-P]; Reigstad, 2017 ) and provides results of an open pilot study that was conducted to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. 15 parents/parent dyads of adolescents (age 12–18) with a depression diagnosis (14 mothers, and one father) participated in a 10-week open trial of HEART-P. Data regarding acceptability and feasibility were collected. Self-report measures of parenting, stress, family relationships, and adolescent depression were also completed by parents at baseline, week 10, and 2 months post-intervention. Parents completed the intervention with 100% adherence to the protocol and expressed high levels of satisfaction. Parents reported reductions in parenting stress, improvement in the quality of their relationship with their adolescent, and improvement in the perception of their parenting skills, with effect sizes in the medium to large range. Adolescents reported reductions in depression, with effect sizes in the small to medium range. Outcomes appear positive and promising, and the intervention was feasible to implement and acceptable to families. Conducting a full-scale randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of this newly developed intervention is warranted and timely given the public health need for improved depression treatment outcomes.
Surgeon Assessment of a Novel Multi-Resolution Foveated Laparoscope
Authors: Nguyen Mike , Nabhani Jamal , Hamilton Allan , Lee Sangyoon , Katz Jeremy , Samakar Kamran , Ghlandian Allan , Hua Hong 
Published: March 2022

Background We developed a multi-resolution foveated laparoscope (MRFL) to improve situational awareness in laparoscopic surgery. We assessed surgeon objective task performance and subjective attitudes with MRFL when used for box trainer tasks and porcine surgery. Methods The MRFL simultaneously obtains a wide-angle view and a magnified view. The 2 images are displayed simultaneously. 6 urologists and 2 general surgeons performed box trainer and porcine surgery tasks with the MRFL and a standard laparoscope. Task time, use of display options, and subjective assessments were obtained. Results Subjectively, surgeons rated situational awareness, depth perception, and instrument interference as comparable between the prototype MRFL and laparoscope for trainer tasks. For porcine surgery, the MRFL was rated as having less interference than the standard laparoscope. The image quality of the MRFL was rated interior to the standard laparoscope. Participants found the different viewing modes useful for different roles and reported that they would likely use the MRFL for conventional laparoscopic and robotic surgery. Objectively, box trainer task time was comparable for 2 of 3 tasks with the remaining task shorter for the standard laparoscope. Porcine nephrectomy and oophorectomy were feasible with the prototype MRFL, although nephrectomy task time was significantly longer than traditional laparoscopy. Conclusions The MRFL demonstrated feasibility for performing complex surgery. Surgeons had favorable attitudes toward its features and likelihood to use the device if available. Users utilized different view types for different tasks. Longer MRFL task times were attributed to poorer image quality of the prototype.
Popliteal endarterectomy for isolated popliteal arterial occlusive disease: A retrospective review study
Authors: Vrutant Patel , Hunaiz Patel , Karl Damroth , Marissa Famularo , William Friedman , Shelby Cooper , Joseph Ayers 
Published: March 2022

Objective This study aims to assess the safety and viability of popliteal endarterectomy for isolated popliteal disease. Method The study is a retrospective review, single-institution review (2010–2020) which assessed all popliteal endarterectomies performed at a rural 180-bed teaching hospital. Cases were identified based on the CPT code. The decision for endarterectomy was based on favorable anatomy including focal disease limited to the popliteal artery able to be approached from a posterior approach. The electronic medical record was used to capture patient characteristics, procedural information, and follow-up data. Results A total of 14 patients underwent popliteal endarterectomy (8 males and 6 females). The mean age was 61.9 (range of 29–78). The average follow-up period was 33.3 months. The indications for surgery were claudication in five patients, rest pain in four patients, and tissue loss in five patients. The average ABI preoperatively was 0.66 (range of 0.31–0.94). The average ABI postoperatively was 0.98 (range of 0.58–1.62), with an average change of +0.30 (range of −0.25 to +0.7). Complications included one seroma, one superficial wound infection, one early thrombosis requiring subsequent bypass, and one deep venous thrombosis. Two patients required angioplasty during follow-up for treatment of stenosis in order to maintain patency. The primary patency rate was 92.3% at discharge. At 23 months, the primary patency rate was 78% and the primary-assisted patency rate was 89%. All patients treated for claudication had resolution of symptoms. For patients treated for critical limb ischemia, all patients had resolution of rest pain and all wounds healed by 24 months. Conclusion In carefully selected patients, popliteal endarterectomy is a durable open surgical alternative to bypass, which preserves vein conduits with short operative times, low complication rates, and excellent long-term patency.
High prevalence of undiagnosed impaired glucose tolerance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Eddy Warman Nur ‘Aini , Baharuddin Hazlyna , Abdul Rahman Thuhairah Hasrah , Ismail Nurhuda , Ch’Ng Shereen Suyin , Rosman Azmillah , Abdul Ghani Rohana 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Although the risk of diabetes mellitus has been recognised in rheumatoid arthritis, undiagnosed dysglycaemia remained under-reported. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of dysglycaemia among patients with rheumatoid arthritis, utilising the oral glucose tolerance test. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved patients with rheumatoid arthritis, aged ⩾30 years. Following an oral glucose tolerance test, they were divided into two: dysglycaemia and normoglycaemia. Demographic and laboratory parameters were compared using logistic regression analyses. Results: There were 35.5% (55/155) patients with dysglycaemia (including 25.8% impaired glucose tolerance, 7.1% diabetes mellitus and 1.9% with both impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance). Patients with dysglycaemia were heavier (65.5 ± 12.3 versus 60.7 ± 10.6 kg, p = 0.01), had wider waist (89.0 ± 12.5 versus 83.1 ± 9.6 cm, p < 0.01), lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.4 ± 0.3 versus 1.5 ± 0.4 mmol/L, p = 0.02), higher triglyceride (1.3 (0.9–1.8) versus 0.9 (0.8–1.2) mmol/L, p < 0.01) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (361.79 (290.38–481.84) versus 315.92 (251.45–407.93) ng/mL, p = 0.01). History of smoking (odds ratio: 5.70, confidence interval: 1.27–25.7), elevated triglyceride (odds ratio: 2.87, confidence interval: 1.33–6.22) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (odds ratio: 1.003, confidence interval: 1.001–1.006) were significantly associated with dysglycaemia. Conclusions: Prevalence of undiagnosed dysglycaemia, particularly impaired glucose tolerance, was high in these patients with rheumatoid arthritis, using a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, which was not associated with disease activity or corticosteroid use. Those with high triglyceride, history of smoking and elevated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 were the two significant predictors for dysglycaemia in our patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Oral glucose tolerance test could be an important laboratory investigation for dysglycaemia in these high-risk patients.
Successful treatment of a lung abscess without surgical intervention in a cat
Authors: Nishi Reo , Ohmi Aki , Tsuboi Masaya , Yamamoto Kie , Tomiyasu Hirotaka 
Published: March 2022

Case summary An 8-year-old neutered female domestic shorthair cat was referred with complaints of lethargy, anorexia, fever, tachypnoea and a pulmonary mass on thoracic radiography. Whole-body CT revealed the presence of a nodular lesion in the right caudal lobe of the lung. Fine-needle aspiration of the lung mass yielded purulent fluid and cytology showed a large number of mildly to moderately degenerated neutrophils with numerous cocci and bacilli, leading to the diagnosis of a lung abscess. Empirical administration of doxycycline and orbifloxacin was initiated on the day of referral. Bacterial culture and antibiotic susceptibility tests using the collected fluid sample detected two types of bacteria, which were susceptible to both antibiotics. The clinical signs of the cat improved after the initiation of treatment, and the antibiotics were discontinued 28 days later, after the lung lesions disappeared. No recurrence of lung abscess was observed until 588 days after the discontinuation of treatment. Relevance and novel information Only one case of a lung abscess has been previously reported in cats. Furthermore, while surgical resection is the most common treatment for lung abscesses in the field of veterinary medicine, this is the first report of successful treatment with antibiotic administration alone.