bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instructor-learner body coupling reflects instruction and learning
Authors: Pan Yafeng , Dikker Suzanne , Zhu Yi , Yang Cuirong , Hu Yi , Goldstein Pavel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is widely accepted that nonverbal communication is crucial for learning, but the exact functions of interpersonal coordination between instructors and learners remain unclear. Specifically, it is unknown what role instructional approaches play in the coupling of physical motion between instructors and learners, and crucially, how such instruction-mediated Body-to-Body Coupling (BtBC) might affect learning. We used a video-based, computer-vision Motion Energy Analysis (MEA) to quantify BtBC between learners and instructors who used two different instructional approaches to teach psychological concepts. BtBC was significantly greater when the instructor employed a scaffolding approach than when an explanation approach was used. The importance of the instructional approach was further underscored by the fact that an increase in motion in the instructor was associated with boosted BtBC, but only during scaffolding; no such relationship between the instructor movements and BtBC was found during explanation interactions. Finally, leveraging machine learning approaches (i.e., support vector and logistic regression models), we demonstrated that both learning outcome and instructional approaches could be decoded based on BtBC. Collectively, these results show that the real-time interaction of teaching and learning bodies is important for learning and that the instructional approach matters, with possible implications for both in-person and online learning.
Unprecedented frequency of mitochondrial introns in colonial bilaterians
Authors: Jenkins Helen Louise , Graham Rachael , Porter Joanne Sara , Vieira Leandro Manzoni , de Almeida Ana Carolina Sousa , Hall Andrea , O’Dea Aaron , Coppard Simon Edward , Waeschenbach Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnimal mitogenomes are typically devoid of introns. Here, we report the largest number of mitochondrial introns ever recorded from bilaterian animals. Mitochondrial introns were identified for the first time from the phylum Bryozoa. They were found in four species from three families (Order Cheilostomatida). A total of eight introns were found in the complete mitogenome of Exechonella vieirai, and five, 17 and 18 introns were found in the partial mitogenomes of Parantropora penelope, Discoporella cookae and Cupuladria biporosa, respectively. Intron-encoded protein domains reverse transcriptase and intron maturase (RVT-IM) were identified in all species. Introns in E. vieirai and P. penelope had conserved Group II intron ribozyme domains V and VI. Conserved domains were lacking from introns in D. cookae and C. biporosa, preventing their further categorization. Putative origins of metazoan introns were explored in a phylogenetic context, using an up-to-date alignment of mitochondrial RVT-IM domains. Results confirmed previous findings of multiple origins of annelid, placozoan and sponge RVT-IM domains and provided evidence for common intron donor sources across metazoan phyla. Our results corroborate growing evidence that some metazoans with regenerative abilities (i.e. placozoans, sponges, annelids and bryozoans) are susceptible to intron integration, most likely via horizontal gene transfer.
Single-cell transcriptional profiling reveals cellular and molecular divergence in human maternal–fetal interface
Authors: Wang Quanlei , Li Jinlu , Wang Shengpeng , Deng Qiuting , An Yanru , Xing Yanan , Dai Xi , Li Zelong , Ma Qiwang , Wang Kuixing , Liu Chuanyu , Yuan Yue , Dong Guoyi , Zhang Tao , Yang Huanming , Du Yutao , Hou Yong , Ke Weilin , Shang Zhouchun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlacenta plays essential role in successful pregnancy, as the most important organ connecting and interplaying between mother and fetus. However, the cellular characteristics and molecular interaction of cell populations within the fetomaternal interface is still poorly understood. Here, we surveyed the single-cell transcriptomic landscape of human full-term placenta and revealed the heterogeneity of cytotrophoblast cell (CTB) and stromal cell (STR) with the fetal/maternal origin consecutively localized from fetal section (FS), middle section (Mid_S) to maternal section (Mat_S) of maternal–fetal interface. Then, we highlighted a subpopulation of CTB, named trophoblast progenitor-like cells (TPLCs) existed in the full-term placenta and mainly distributed in Mid_S, with high expression of a pool of putative cell surface markers. Further, we revealed the putative key transcription factor PRDM6 that might promote the differentiation of endovascular extravillous trophoblast cells (enEVT) by inhibiting cell proliferation, and down-regulation of PRDM6 might lead to an abnormal enEVT differentiation process in PE. Together, our study offers important resources for better understanding of human placenta and stem cell-based therapy, and provides new insights on the study of tissue heterogeneity, the clinical prevention and control of PE as well as the maternal–fetal interface.
Orthologs of human circulating miRNAs associated with hepatocellular carcinoma are elevated in mouse plasma months before tumour detection
Authors: Ding Liang-Hao , Fallgren Christina M. , Yu Yongjia , McCarthy Maureen , Edmondson Elijah F. , Ullrich Robert L. , Weil Michael. M. , Story Michael D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResearch examining the potential for circulating miRNA to serve as markers for preneoplastic lesions or early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is hindered by the difficulties of obtaining samples from asymptomatic individuals. As a surrogate for human samples, we identified hub miRNAs in gene co-expression networks using HCC-bearing C3H mice. We confirmed 38 hub miRNAs as associated with HCC in F2 hybrid mice derived from radiogenic HCC susceptible and resistant founders. When compared to a panel of 12 circulating miRNAs associated with human HCC, two had no mouse ortholog and 7 of the remaining 10 miRNAs overlapped with the 38 mouse HCC hub miRNAs. Using small RNA sequencing data generated from serially collected plasma samples in F2 mice, we examined the temporal levels of these 7 circulating miRNAs and found that the levels of 4 human circulating markers, miR-122-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-34a-5p and miR-365-3p increased linearly as the time approaching HCC detection neared, suggesting a correlation of miRNA levels with oncogenic progression. Estimation of change points in the kinetics of the 4 circulating miRNAs suggested the changes started 17.5 to 6.8 months prior to HCC detection. These data establish these 4 circulating miRNAs as potential sentinels for preneoplastic lesions or early-stage HCC.
The profile of HDL-C subfractions and their association with cardiovascular risk in the Hungarian general and Roma populations
Authors: Piko Peter , Kosa Zsigmond , Sandor Janos , Seres Ildiko , Paragh Gyorgy , Adany Roza 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not a homogenous lipid fraction, but it can be further divided into subfractions. It is well-known that the Roma population has a high prevalence of reduced HDL-C levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, it is unknown how this reduction affects different HDL subfractions, and whether changes in their quantity/representation are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk among them. In the present study, the HDL subfraction profile of the Hungarian general (HG) and the Roma populations were compared, and the subfractions showing a significant difference between the two populations were identified. The association of HDL subfractions with CVD risk estimated by the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithms were also defined. The present study is the first to find a significant association between HDL subfractions and cardiovascular risk estimated by FRS and SCORE. Ten HDL subfractions were investigated on small but carefully selected samples comprising 100 control subjects (with normal lipid profile) and 277 case subjects (with reduced HDL-C levels) from HG and Roma populations of a complex health survey. The level of HDL-1 to 3 subfractions and HDL-L showed a significant inverse association with cardiovascular risk estimated by both SCORE and FRS algorithms, whereas HDL-4 to 6 and HDL-I only for FRS. A higher representation (in %) of HDL-1 to 3 has a significant risk-reducing effect, while HDL-8 to 10 has a risk-increasing effect estimated by FRS. Our results confirmed that reduced levels of HDL-6 and -7 expressed in mmol/L were significantly associated with Roma ethnicity.
Viscoelastic phase separation in biological cells
Authors: Tanaka Hajime 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiological phase separation forming membraneless organelles in cytoplasm and nucleus has attracted considerable attention. Liquid-like condensates are often created as spherical droplets. However, various condensates with network-like morphologies, including protein granules, localisation bodies, and centrosome assemblies, have recently been discovered in cells. Therefore, what controls the morphology of biological phase separation is a critical issue but remains elusive. Here, based on the knowledge of viscoelastic phase separation in soft matter physics, we propose that the difference in the molecular dynamics between the two phases controls the condensate morphology. Small and large mobility differences between the two phases should lead to droplet-like and network-like morphologies of the minority phase, respectively. We show that asymmetric partitioning of high-molecular-weight unstructured polymers (e.g., messenger RNA) between the two phases increases the dynamic asymmetry between the phases to form a network-like pattern of the slower phase, which may further be stabilised through inter-polymer binding.
Concerted actions of PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity
Authors: Rhodes Jack , Zipfel Cyril , Jones Jonathan D.G. , Ngou Bruno Pok Man 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlants utilise cell-surface immune receptors (functioning as pattern recognition receptors, PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) to detect pathogens. Perception of pathogens by these receptors activates immune signalling and resistance to infections. PRR- and NLR-mediated immunity have primarily been considered parallel processes contributing to disease resistance. Recent studies suggest that these two pathways are interdependent and converge at multiple nodes. This review summarises and provides a perspective on these convergent points.
Optimization of transactive energy systems with demand response: A cyber‐physical‐social system perspective
Authors: Han Jianpei , Liu Nian , Gu Chenghong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the increasing penetration of renewable energy, a new type of energy system, transactive energy systems (TES), has emerged. This study investigates the challenges of optimally operating a TES distribution system with demand response (DR) from the cyber‐physical‐social system (CPSS) perspective. A TES optimization framework that integrates artificial systems, computational experiments, and parallel energy theory for modelling DR, via parallel system theory, is introduced. A data‐driven artificial DR system is created and modelled using limited data. In the computational experiment, a complete information Stackelberg game model for the distribution network operator and the artificial DR system is built. This simulates the response relationship between the distribution network operator and the electricity consumer under different price conditions. In the parallel energy optimization model, a multi‐time scale energy optimization method which considers day‐ahead and intraday scenarios, the interaction between the actual TES and the artificial DR system is shown. Finally, empirical data from the Henan province in China is used as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the optimization method proposed in this study.
Robust controller for grid‐tied PV inverters based on continuous non‐linear predictive and integral sliding mode control
Authors: Diab Ahmed A. Zaki , Ayalew Biyadgie , Yahaya Abass Afolabi , Debbouza Mahdi , Al Durra Ahmed , Al Sumaiti Ameena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a robust continuous nonlinear control method for grid‐tied photovoltaic (PV) inverters by combining model predictive control and integral sliding mode control (ISMC). The robustness of the proposed augmented controller is demonstrated mathematically by showing that the equivalent control signal of the ISMC system cancels disturbances to the system. Further, the proposed controller can compensate for system perturbations without knowing their characteristics, thereby simplifying controller design for the PV systems. The robustness of the proposed controller against parameter uncertainties and external disturbances was demonstrated via experimental and simulation verification.
Mass–metallicity and star formation rate in galaxies: A complex relation tuned to stellar age
Authors: Duarte Puertas S. , Vilchez J. M. , Iglesias-Páramo J. , Mollá M. , Pérez-Montero E. , Kehrig C. , Pilyugin L. S. , Zinchenko I. A. 
Published: June 2022

Context. In this work we study the stellar mass–metallicity relation (MZR) of an extended sample of star-forming galaxies in the local Universe and its possible dependence on the star formation rate (SFR).
Aims. We selected a sample of approximately 195 000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) star-forming galaxies up to z = 0.22 with the aim of analysing the behaviour of the MZR with respect to SFR whilst taking into account the age of their stellar populations.
Methods. For the first time, with this sample, we obtained aperture corrected oxygen and nitrogen-to-oxygen abundances (O/H and N/O, respectively) and SFR using the empirical prescriptions from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey. To perform this study we also make use of the stellar mass of the galaxies and the parameter Dn(4000) as a proxy for the age of the stellar population.
Results. We derive a robust MZR locus, which is found to be fully consistent with the ‘anchoring’ points of a selected set of well-studied nearby galaxies for which the chemical abundance has been derived using the direct method. We observe a complex relation between MZR and SFR across the whole range of galaxy mass and metallicity, where the slope changes seen in the O/H–SFR plane present a pattern that seems to be tuned to the stellar age of the galaxies, and therefore stellar age has to be taken into account in the stellar mass–metallicity–SFR relation.
Conclusions. In order to provide an answer to the question of whether or not the MZR depends on the SFR, it is essential to take into account the age of the stellar populations of galaxies. A strong dependence of the MZR on SFR is observed mainly for star-forming galaxies with strong SFR values and low Dn(4000). The youngest galaxies of our SDSS sample show the highest SFR measured for their stellar mass.
Nonradial and nonpolytropic astrophysical outflows
Authors: Sauty C. , de Albuquerque R. M. G. , Cayatte V. , Lima J. J. G. , Gameiro J. F. 
Published: June 2022

Context. Recent observational evidence has shown that RY Tau may present two different outflow stages, a quiescent and a more active stage. We try to model this phenomenon.
Aims. We have performed new 2.5D magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the possible accretion-outflow environment of RY Tau based on analytical solutions with the aim to reduce the relaxation time.
Methods. We used the analytical self-similar solution that we used to model the RY Tau microjet as initial conditions. In the closed field line region of the magnetosphere, we reversed the direction of the flow and increased the accretion rate by increasing the density and velocity. We also implemented the heating rate and adjusted it according to the velocity of the flow. The accretion disk was treated as a boundary condition.
Results. The simulations show that the stellar jet and the accreting magnetosphere attain a steady state in only a few stellar rotations. This confirms the robustness and stability of self-similar solutions. Additionally, two types of behavior were observed that are similar to the behavior observed in RY Tau. Either the steady stellar outflow and magnetospheric inflow are separated by a low static force-free region or the interaction between the stellar jet and the magnetospheric accretion creates episodic coronal mass ejections that originate from the disk and bounce back onto the star.
Conclusions. The ratio of mass-loss rate to mass-accretion rate that coincides with the change in behavior observed in RY Tau lies within the range of ratios that have been measured during the period in which the initial microjet was analyzed.
Evolution of the critical torus instability height and coronal mass ejection likelihood in solar active regions
Authors: James Alexander W. , Williams David R. , O’Kane Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

Aims. Working towards improved space weather predictions, we aim to quantify how the critical height at which the torus instability drives coronal mass ejections (CMEs) varies over time in a sample of solar active regions.
Methods. We model the coronal magnetic fields of 42 active regions and quantify the critical height at their central polarity inversion lines throughout their observed lifetimes. We then compare these heights to the changing magnetic flux at the photospheric boundary and identify CMEs in these regions.
Results. In our sample, the rates of CMEs per unit time are twice as high during phases when magnetic flux is increasing than when it is decreasing, and during those phases of increasing flux, the rate of CMEs is 63% higher when the critical height is rising than when it is falling. Furthermore, we support and extend the results of previous studies by demonstrating that the critical height in active regions is generally proportional to the separation of their magnetic polarities through time. When the separation of magnetic polarities in an active region increases, for example during the continuous emergence and expansion of a magnetic bipole, the critical height also tends to increase. Conversely, when the polarity separation decreases, for example due to the emergence of a new, compact bipole at the central inversion line of an existing active region or into a quiet-Sun environment, the critical height tends to decrease.
Roboterassistierte minimalinvasive Ösophagektomie – Varianten der intrathorakalen Ösophagogastrostomie mittels Zirkularstapler
Authors: von Bechtolsheim Felix , Benedix Frank , Hummel Richard , Mihaljevic Andre , Weitz Jürgen , Distler Marius 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Eine Anastomoseninsuffizienz nach Ösophagusresektion trägt wesentlich zu Morbidität und Mortalität der betroffenen Patienten bei. Eine sichere Operationstechnik kann das
Auftreten solcher Anastomoseninsuffizienzen reduzieren.
Indikation Bei der Behandlung von Ösophaguskarzinomen empfiehlt die deutsche Leitlinie minimalinvasive oder Hybrid-Operationsverfahren. Hierbei wird in den meisten Fällen eine
Ivor-Lewis-Ösophagektomie und eine Kontinuitätsrekonstruktion mittels Magenschlauch durchgeführt. Die präferierte Vorgehensweise scheint dabei die Zirkularstapleranastomose zu sein.
Methode Die Vorbereitung der Anastomose beginnt bereits intraabdominell mit Mobilisation des Magens und Schonung der gastroepiploischen Gefäße. Nach der anschließenden
intrathorakalen Mobilisation des Ösophagus kann die eigentliche Anastomosenanlage erfolgen. Hierbei wird der Ösophagus entweder mit einem Stapler durchtrennt oder offen mit der Schere
abgesetzt. Anschließend erfolgt eine Tabaksbeutelnaht am offenen Ösophagusstumpf. Alternativ kann eine partielle Ösophaguseröffnung mit vorheriger Tabaksbeutelnaht später das Einbringen der
Staplerandruckplatte vereinfachen. Diese kann über eine zur Minithorakotomie erweiterte Trokarstelle im Ösophagusstumpf oder mithilfe eines speziellen Systems auch transoral platziert
werden. Die Fixation der Staplerandruckplatte erfolgt durch die Tabaksbeutelnaht. Nun kann der Magenschlauch nach intrathorakal hochgezogen werde. Ösophagus und kleine Magenkurvatur werden
über die Minithorakotomie nach extrathorakal verlagert und ein Zirkularstapler über eine Eröffnung der kleinen Kurvatur in den Magenschlauch eingeführt. Die Anastomosenanlage erfolgt dann
fern der gastroepiploischen Arkade. Abschließend muss der Magenschlauch noch mittels Stapler abgesetzt werden. Erst jetzt können Ösophagus und kleine Magenkurvatur komplett geborgen werden.
Optional können Übernähungen an Anastomose und Magenschlauchabsetzungsrand erfolgen.
Schlussfolgerung Die roboterassistierte Anastomosenanlage mittels Zirkularstapler im Rahmen der Ösophagusresektion ist gut möglich und standardisierbar. Dennoch sind innerhalb dieses
Verfahrens noch Variationen möglich. Einen wissenschaftlich evidenten Vorteil gibt es hierbei jedoch für keine Methode im direkten Vergleich.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Agelasidine A Using Thio-Claisen Rearrangement
Authors: Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Ochi Rika , Masuda Toshiya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnantioselective synthesis of the marine natural product (+)-agelasidine A has been achieved by taking advantage of [1,3]-chirality transfer from enantiomerically enriched α-silyl farnesol through a key thio-Claisen rearrangement. The optical rotation of the hydrochloride salt of the synthetic substance confirmed that natural (+)-agelasidine A has the S-configuration at its C-10 stereogenic center.
A Paradigm Shift: Outcomes of Early Autologous Breast Reconstruction after Radiation Therapy
Authors: Elver Ashlie A. , Egan Katie G. , Cullom Melissa E. , Nazir Niaman , Johnson Braden M. , Limpiado MarcArthur , Holding Julie , Lai Eric C. , Butterworth James A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Radiation creates significant challenges for breast reconstruction. There is no consensus regarding optimal timing for autologous reconstruction following radiation. This study explores clearly defined, shorter time intervals between completion of radiation and reconstruction than previously reported.
Methods A retrospective review was performed on patients who underwent autologous reconstruction by five microsurgeons at an academic institution from 2009 to 2020. Cohorts were selected by time elapsed between radiation and autologous reconstruction including <3 months, 3 to 6 months, 6 to 9 months, 9 to 12 months, 12 to 24 months, and >24 months. Analysis compared baseline characteristics, operative details, complications, revision rates, and BREAST-Q scores. Analysis of variance was used for continuous variables and chi-square for discrete variables.
Results In total, 462 radiated patients underwent 717 flaps. There were 69 patients at <3 months (14.9%), 97 at 3 to 6 months (21%), 64 at 6 to 9 months (13.9%), 36 at 9 to 12 months (7.8%), 73 at 12 to 24 months (15.8%), and 123 at >24 months (26.6%). Age, time from mastectomy, and failure of primary reconstruction were higher at >24 months (p < 0.001). There was no difference between cohorts in intraoperative complications in radiated or nonradiated breasts. There was no difference in acute and late postoperative complications between cohorts. Wound-healing complications in radiated sides were lowest at <3 months and 3 to 6 months (5/69 [7.3%] and 11/97 [11.3%], respectively) compared with other groups (18.8–22.2%) but did not reach significance (p = 0.11). More fat graft revisions occurred at <3 months (p = 0.003).
Conclusion Reconstruction can be safely performed within 3 months after radiation without increases in intraoperative, acute, or late reconstructive complications.