bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contamination and carryover free handling of complex fluids using lubricant- infused pipette tips
Authors: Shakeri Amid , Yousefi Hanie , Jarad Noor Abu , Kullab Samer , Al-Mfarej Dalya , Rottman Martin , Didar Tohid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cross-contamination of biological samples during handling and preparation, is a major issue in laboratory setups, leading to false-positives or false-negatives. Sample carryover residue in pipette tips contributes greatly to this issue. Most pipette tips on the market are manufactured with hydrophobic polymers that are able to repel high surface tension liquids, yet they lack in performance when low surface tension liquids and viscous fluids are involved. Moreover, hydrophobicity of pipette tips can result in hydrophobic adsorption of biomolecules, causing inaccuracies and loss in precision during pipetting. Here we propose the use of lubricant-infused surface (LIS) technology to achieve omniphobic properties in pipette tips. Using a versatile and simple design, the inner lumen of commercially available pipette tips was coated with a fluorosilane (FS) layer using chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The presence of FS groups on the tips is confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests. After lubrication of the tips through a fluorinated lubricant, the omniphobicity and repellent behaviour of the tips drastically enhanced which are revealed via static and hysteresis contact angle measurements. The repellency of the lubricant-infused pipette tips against physical adsorption is investigated through pipetting a food coloring dye as well as human blood samples and are compared to the untreated tips. The results show significantly less amount carryover residue when the lubricant-infused tips are utilized compared to commercially available ones. We also demonstrate the lubricant-infused tips reduce bacteria contamination of the inner lumen by 3 to 6-log (depending on the tip size) after pipetting up and down the bacteria solution.
Oxidative renal damage induced by fluoride and dimethoate and its mitigation by Zingiber officinale in Wistar rats
Authors: Sharma Priyanka , Verma Pawan Kumar , Sood Shilpa , Yousuf Rasia , Raina Rajinder 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Simultaneous exposure of dimethoate (DM) and fluoride (F−) is a natural phenomenon which may insidiously impact functioning of various organs including kidney. Zingiber officinale (ZO) is harbours excellent natural antioxidant properties. Therefore, the present investigation was aimed to determine the potential of ZO in alleviating renal oxidative damage induced by DM and F− alone and by their concurrent exposure in Wistar rats. Subacute toxicity study was conducted on fifty four Wistar rats randomly allocated to nine groups with six rats in each. Following sub-acute exposure of either F− or DM a significant rise in blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and uric acid along with a significant declined in plasma levels of reduced glutathione and nitric oxide occurred. Significantly declined total antioxidant status, total thiols, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, aryl esterase and acetylcholinesterase in renal tissue with increased levels of lipid and protein peroxidation were recorded alongside pathological alterations in renal tissue of toxicant exposed rats as compared to control. However, more severe changes were observed in levels of the above biomarkers and renal histoarchitecture on co-administration of both the toxicants indicating enhanced toxicity. Concurrent exposures of ZO extract along with either or both the toxicants led to significant restoration of activities of the antioxidant apparatus, biochemical profile of kidney and renal histology. Hence, repeated administration of ZO extract alongside individual as well as dual toxicant treatment caused amelioration of oxidative damage, renal biomarkers and histopathological alterations in renal tissue of Wistar rats.
KLF9 and EPYC function as characteristic genes of osteoarthritis and are associated with immune infiltration
Authors: Zhang Jiayin , Zhang Shengjie , Zhou Yu , Qu Yuan , Hou Tingting , Ge Wanbao , Zhang Shanyong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease of articular cartilage. Its typical features include articular cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone structural changes and osteophyte formation. The main clinical manifestations are increasingly severe knee joint swelling, stiffness, deformity and limited mobility. With the advent of the era of big data, the processing of massive data has become a hot topic, and the continuous development and improvement of machine learning algorithms have laid the foundation for the era of big data. This paper uses machine learning methods to identify the real key characteristic genes of osteoarthritis and explore the relationship between them and immune infiltration, so as to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of osteoarthritis at the molecular biology level, aiming to provide osteoarthritis diagnosis and treatment. Method: Download the GSE55235 and GSE55457 datasets from the GEO database, merge the two as the training set, and download the GSE98918 data as the validation set. Gene differential expression analysis was performed on the training set, lasso regression model and support vector machine model were constructed by machine learning algorithm, and the intersection genes were taken as feature genes and receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn. Finally, the expression profile of osteoarthritis was analyzed by immune cell infiltration and the correlation between the co-expression of characteristic genes and immune cells was analyzed. Conclusion: EPYC and KLF9 can be used as the characteristic genes of osteoarthritis.The silencing of EPYC and the overexpression of KLF9 are related to the occurrence of osteoarthritis and the infiltration of immune cells.
Simulation of Chlorophyll a Concentration in Donghu Lake Based on ABC-SVM and Water Quality Indexes
Authors: Tang Xiaodong , Huang Mutao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chlorophyll a concentration is an important index of eutrophication, and simulation of chlorophyll a concentration is of great significance to the monitoring and control of lake eutrophication. The aim of the study is to explore a new method to build an effective model to simulate chlorophyll a concentration in Donghu Lake. Based on measured data of water quality indexes, ABC-SVM model for simulating chlorophyll a concentration is built by using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm to improve Support Vector Machine (SVM). Moreover, accuracy, sensitivity and universality of the model are analysed. Modeling results show that the ABC-SVM model has high accuracy and good simulation effect, R2 and RMSE in testing process is 0.96 and 10.40 μg/L, ABC optimization increases R2 by 0.04 and reduces RMSE by 4.12 μg/L compared with SVM model. Sensitivity analysis results demonstrate chlorophyll a concentration is more sensitive to TP than other water quality indexes. In addition, universality analysis results reveal that ABC-SVM model has good universality and can be used to simulate the chlorophyll a concentration of Donghu Lake at different times. Overall, we have built an efficient simulation model, which provides a new idea and method for chlorophyll a concentration simulation.
Brain fatty acid and transcriptome profiles of pig fed diets with different levels of soybean oil
Authors: Silva Bruna Pereira Martins da , Fanalli Simara Larissa , Gomes Julia Dezen , de Almeida Vivian Vezzoni , Fukumasu Heidge , Freitas Felipe André Oliveira , Moreira Gabriel Costa Monteiro , Silva-Vignato Bárbara , Reecy James Mark , Koltes James Eugene , Koltes Dawn , Balieiro Júlio Cesar de Carvalho , de Alencar Severino Matias , Silva Julia Pereira Martins da , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Afonso Juliana , Regitano Luciana Correia Almeida , Mourão Gerson Barreto , Filho Albino Luchiari , Cesar Aline S.M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The high similarity in anatomical and neurophysiological processes between pigs and humans make pigs an excellent model for metabolic diseases and neurological disorders. Lipids are essential for brain structure and function. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have anti-inflammatory and positive effects against cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, our main goal was to evaluate the effect of different levels of dietary soybean oil on the lipid profile and brain tissue transcriptome in pigs. For this, thirty-six male pigs were used in a 98-day study. Treatments consisted of corn-soybean meal diets containing either 1.5% soybean oil (SOY1.5) or 3.0% soybean oil (SOY3.0). After slaughter, the brain samples were collected for total lipid content and fatty acid profile determination. Total mRNA extraction was performed for brain transcriptome sequencing.
Results
There were no differences for total lipid content and fatty acid profile between the two treatment groups. For differential expression analysis, a total of 34 differentially expressed genes (DEG, log2 fold change ≥ 1; ≤−1; FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05) between the SOY1.5 and SOY3.0 diets were identified by the DESeq2 statistical package. These DEG 25 were annotated, of which 11 were up-regulated and 14 were down-regulated for the SOY1.5 group compared to SOY3.0. The functional enrichment analysis performed by MetaCore with the 34 DEG (FDR < 0.05), identified four pathway maps (p-value < 0.05), which are related to the genes ALOX15B, CALB1 and CAST. The network calcium transport was also identified (p-value = 2.303e-2), with the CAST and CALB1 genes.
Conclusion
The results found in this study contribute to understanding the pathways and networks associated with processes involved intracellular calcium, lipid metabolism, and oxidative processes in brain tissue. Moreover, these results may aid in better understanding the modulating effects of soybean oil and its fatty acids (FA) composition on processes and diseases affecting brain tissue.
Application of single-port laparoscopic retrograde gastric mobilization during McKeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Liu Bo , Li Xu , Yu Min-Jie , Xie Jin-Bao , Feng Zhi , Qiu Ming-Lian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
As a novel alternative to the conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy(MIE) to treat esophageal cancer, single-port laparoscopic retrograde three-step gastric mobilization (SLRM) for esophageal reconstruction during MIE to treat esophageal cancer was attempted in our department. The aim of the present study was to explore the preliminary clinical outcomes and feasibility of this innovative surgery.
Methods
From March 2020 to November 2021, patients undergoing SLRM combined with four-port thoracoscopic McKeown esophagectomy for their esophageal cancers were reviewed. Gastric mobilization with abdominal lymph node dissection was performed via single-port laparoscopic retrograde three-step gastric mobilization. The clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
A total of 120 patients underwent R0 resection without conversion to open surgery. The mean times needed for the thoracic part, abdominal part, and total operation were 43 ± 6 min, 60 ± 18 min, and 230 ± 20 min, respectively. The numbers of mediastinal and abdominal lymph nodes harvested were 13.2 ± 2.7 and 10.2 ± 2.5, respectively. Postoperative pneumonia was encountered in 10 patients (8.3%). Anastomotic leakage occurred in 3 case (2.5%). Temporary vocal cord paralysis was reported in 20 cases (16.6%). The mean length of hospital stay was 8.5 ± 4.6 days.
Conclusions
The SLRM is a technically feasible and safe treatment for patients with esophageal cancer. It can be considered as an alternative method for the patients, especially for the ones with obesity and gastric distension.
Economic cost of bovine trypanosomosis in pastoral and ago pastoral communities in Buliisa district, Uganda
Authors: Kizza Daniel , Ocaido Michael , Mugisha Anthony , Azuba Rose , Nalule Sarah , Onyuth Howard , Musinguzi Simon Peter , Nalubwama Sylvia , Waiswa Charles 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background - Animal diseases that are endemic like tsetse transmitted trypanosomosis cause continuous expenditure of financial resources of livestock farmers and loss of productivity of livestock. Estimating the cost of controlling animal trypanosomosis can provide evidence for priority setting and targeting cost effective control strategies.Methodology A cross sectional survey to estimate the economic cost of bovine trypanosomosiswas conducted in cattle keeping communities living around Murchision falls National Park, in Buliisa district Uganda. Data was collected on herd structure, the cost of treatment and control, prevalence of morbidity and mortality rates due to trypanosomosis, salvage sales losses in cattle herd in the last one year.Results- In this study, 55.4% (n= 87) of the households reported their cattle had been affected by trypanosomosis during the previous last year. There was a high economic cost trypanosomosis (USD 653) per household in cattle keeping communities in Buliisa district of which 83% and 9% was due to mortality and milk loss respectively/ High mortality loss was due to low investment in treatment. The study showed that prophylactic treatment 3 times a year of the whole herd of cattle using Samorin ® (Isometamidium chloride) at a cost of USD 110 could drastically reduce cattle mortality loss due to trypanosomosis due to trypanosomosis with return on investment of USD 540 annually per herd. This could be coupled with strategic restricted insecticide spraying of cattle with deltamethrin products.Conclusions. The results show a high economic cost of trypanosomosis in cattle keeping communities in Buliisa district with mortality of cattle contributing the largest proportion of the economic cost. The high mortality loss was due to low investment in treatment of sick cattle
Exploring pandemic-related health literacy among adolescents in Germany: A focus group study
Authors: Loer Anne-Kathrin Mareike , Domanska Olga Maria , Stock Christiane , Jordan Susanne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Health literacy enables people to cope efficiently with health threats, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about health literacy among adolescents in general and especially in the context of pandemics. This study aimed to explore pandemic-related health literacy among adolescents by addressing cognitive, behavioral, conative, and affective components of the multidimensional health literacy construct.Methods: We conducted four online focus groups with 24 adolescents aged 13-17 years from four German federal states during the COVID-19 pandemic in May and June 2021. We analyzed data using qualitative content analysis.Results: Regarding the cognitive and behavioral components of pandemic-related health literacy, adolescents reported to use a broad range of traditional and digital media and personal information sources. The adolescents considered pandemic-related information to be good and easy to understand, when the information is presented in a concise and structured manner. The participants stated difficulties in finding, understanding, and evaluating pandemic-related information regarding particular protective measures. The adolescents described themselves to be critical when evaluating pandemic-related information and reported a high level of adherence to protective measures. Regarding the conative and affective components of health literacy, the adolescents explained that their wish to protect their loved ones from getting infected was the predominant motive for adherence to protective measures. They were convinced that people of their age play a role in pandemic containment. The adolescents reported sometimes making exceptions from adhering to protective measures to cope with negative feelings they experienced during the pandemic.Conclusions: This study provides insights on how measures to improve pandemic-related health literacy among adolescents may be tailored to their needs. Prompt, concise, structured, and comprehensible preparation and communication of pandemic-related information in addition to educational efforts to strengthen health-related cognitive skills and critical health literacy may be supportive to reduce barriers in finding, understanding, and evaluating pandemic-related content.
Thematic Stimulus Presentation in Asynchronous-Based Coursework Lectures
Authors: Arnall Robin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
While synchronous, direct methods of teaching technology may be more traditional (Lovett et al., 2011; Saville et al., 2013), students may prefer or be limited to an asynchronous platform of learning based on environmental variables (Choe et al., 2019). Some of the instruction given in asynchronous courses may be delivered in lecture-based format. Ensuring that students are interested and engaged with the material is a high priority of many instructors and finding new ways to encourage engagement should be a priority in research. This study examined if the addition of novel, thematic stimuli in the form of costume pieces (novelty hats with themed language) would increase student engagement in pre-recorded lectures for an asynchronous masters level course. When comparing the results between a control and an experimental group, the first experimental test results showed better outcomes including a decreased range of scores between the lowest score and highest score across group participants and an increased average score on the exam. Following the first experimental test, however, scores leveled out to scores similar to baseline and the control groups, suggesting either satiation (i.e., wearing off of the effect) or anticipation of the procedure, resulting in no effect. Limitations and future research considerations are also discussed.
Acid suppressant therapy and risk of COVID-19 infection: rational use through lessons learnt during a pandemic
Authors: Niriella Madunil Anuk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently there have been many concerns regarding the use of acid suppression therapy in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. We review the biological plausibility, the evidence and the recommendations for acid suppressant use in the present COVID-19 pandemic. On review of recent literature, after adjusting for confounding factors, PPI use, especially twice-daily dosing, seem to be associated with acquiring COVID-19 infection and worse outcomes among patients with COVID-19 compared to non-users. PPI induced hypochlorhydria may be responsible for the observed effects. Famotidine protects against clinical deterioration among hospitalised patients and improves patient-reported outcomes among non-hospitalised patients with COVID-19 compared to non-users. Famotidine interfering maturation of SARS-CoV-2 and reducing inflammation may be responsible for the observed effect. A more recent propensity score-matched study using medication data on UK Biobank subjects and subsequent meta-analysis using prior studies on acid suppressants and the risk of COVID-19 indicated that neither PPI nor H2RA use was associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and death in patients with COVID-19. The knowledge from the recent studies could help by reminding PPI users to be especially vigilant about following public health practices and protective health behaviours and could undoubtedly help encourage physicians to prescribe PPIs rationally during the pandemic and beyond. Twice a day, PPI should be changed to once-daily dosing whenever possible, and for those at high risk of severe COVID-19 infection, switching to safer famotidine should be considered.
Determinants of hydroxychloroquine-mediated hemolytic anemia in G6PD-deficient COVID-19 patients
Authors: Naushad Shaik Mohammad , Hussain Tajamul , Alrokayan Salman A , Kutala Vijay Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aims
To identify the factors contributing to hydroxychloroquine (HCQS)-mediated hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient COVID-19 patients.
Materials and Methods
We have developed Multiple linear regression (MLR) and classification and regression tree (CART) models based on the published data (n = 13) and evaluated the impact of G6PD variants in exerting hemolysis.
Results
African Ancestry subjects had significant HCQS-mediated drop in hemoglobin (pre- vs. post-therapy Hb, g/dl: 12.75 ± 1.57 vs. 6.78 ± 0.62, p = 0.0008) than those from non-African ancestry (pre- vs. post-therapy Hb, g/dl: 13.27 ± 1.51 vs. 9.97 ± 2.34, p = 0.04). Diabetics had significant HCQS-mediated drop in hemoglobin (pre- vs. post-therapy Hb, g/dl: 12.96 ± 0.98 vs. 6.82 ± 0.76, p = 0.0007) than non-diabetics (pre- vs. post-therapy Hb, g/dl: 12.88 ± 2.13 vs. 9.13 ± 2.51, p = 0.05). MLR model explained 53.75% variability in HQCS-mediated hemoglobin drop when African Ancestry, diabetes, hypertension and azithromycin used as input variables. CART model efficiently explained HQCS-mediated hemolytic anemia by projecting African Ancestry and diabetes as the key predictors (R2 = 1.00). Although, African Ancestry G6PD A (-) variant had lesser ligand propensity than G6PD Mediterranean, G6PD Y70H and G6PD Union, it is thermolabile similar to G6PD Orissa, G6PD Y70H and G6PD L235F.
Conclusions
African Ancestry diabetic patients are more prone for HQCS-mediated hemolytic anemia in G6PD deficient COVID-19 patients. MLR and CART models explain 53.75% and 100% variability in HQCS-mediated hemolytic anemia. In view of similar in silico profile of Indian G6PD variants to G6PD A (-), HCQS should be used with caution in diabetics during COVID-19 therapy.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Positional Accuracy of Multiple Implants by Open Tray Impression Technique using Three Different Splinting Materials: An in vitro study
Authors: Jayaswal Amrita 
Published: May 2022

Aim: To comparatively evaluate the positional accuracy of multiple implants by open tray impression technique using three different splinting materials namely self-cure acrylic resin, pattern resin and flowable composite.
Materials and Methods: An edentulous maxillary model was fabricated with heat-cure acrylic resin. Four dummy implants were placed bilaterally at canine and second premolar positions in the acrylic model, perpendicular to the horizontal plane and parallel to each other. Open tray impression copings were attached to dummy implants. The copings were splinted with dental floss onto which self-cure acrylic resin was added, which was sectioned and rejoined (for Group A). Similarly, pattern resin (for Group B) and flowable composite (for Group C) were used as splinting materials after sectioning and rejoining as previously described for Group A. Open tray impressions were made using polyvinylsiloxane impression material to obtain 10 casts for each group categorized according to the splinting material used. Interimplant distances were measured between implants on the master model and between the implant analogs in the retrieved casts in three different groups using a Coordinate measuring machine and a comparative evaluation of positional accuracy was done.
Results: Splinting with materials of all three Groups showed minimal variation in positions of multiple implants and within clinical limits. Group B (pattern resin) had more accurate values similar to master model compared to Group A (self-cure acrylic resin) and Group C (flowable composite), although statistically insignificant. The results with Groups A and C were similar. No statistically significant difference was derived between the three different groups.
Conclusion: It was concluded that all the three splinting materials evaluated in the study can be recommended as splinting material of choice for multiple implants using open tray impression technique.