bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Validation of Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure-Revised 2 (PRISM-R2): An effective tool for assessing the suffering of patients with spinal cord injury in Mainland China
Authors: wang yanbo , gao Jia , Xie Haixia , Wu rong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Design: Cross sectional. Objectives: Patients with spinal cord injury often have different degrees of psychological distress, which is related to the injury’s suddenness and the associated high level of disability. The Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure-Revised 2 (PRISM-R2) has been developed as a visual measure for assessing patients’ suffering . The aim of this study was to validation the effective for assessing suffering of patients with SCI in Mainland China.Setting:Data were collected on individuals with SCI now living in the Hospital.Methods: The evaluation tools include: (1) PRISM-R2, Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self Measure-Revised 2 .(2) The World Health Organization Quality of Life Short Form Survey(WHOQOL-BREF).（3）The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire(MBSRQ).(4)The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). (5)Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).(6)Numerical rating scale (NRS).(7)Modified Barthel Index（MBI).The validity of the PRISM-R2 content was also tested by content analysis.Results: SIS and IPM showed a strong correlation (r=−.540；P<0.001). Qualitative data indicate that the interpretation of the PRISM-R2 task is not only consistent among patients, but also consistent with that expected from existing literature on suffering. As expected, PRISM shows strong correlations with psychological variables (notably depression and social support, and appearance orientation) and also correlates with WHOQOL-BREF subscale scores.Conclusions: The Pictorial Representation of Illness and Self-Measure-Revised 2 (PRISM-R2) effectively reflects the perception of psychological variables and suffering in SCI patients and is beneficial in evaluating or guiding the intervention the interventions for the people with SCI.
Adaption of a culturally informed stress reduction intervention for Native American Head Start Teachers using ADAPT-ITT and CBPR methodologies
Authors: Wilson Deborah H , Nelson Katie E. , Gresh Ashley , Littlepage Shea , Brockie Teresa N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHigher rates of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among Native American populations can be attributed to historical and contemporary traumas stemming from colonization and ongoing discrimination. On the Fort Peck Reservation, six Head Start centers serve over 300 children. Head Start is a federally funded program promoting school readiness for preschool children from low-income families. Tribal Head Start teachers report high levels of stress and depression as they work with children scoring high in ACEs. Teachers have requested support in managing their psychological health and well-being. Methods A community-based participatory research framework was employed to ensure culturally safe research practices in entirety to adopt and adapt a psychological health intervention for Head Start teachers. The eight step ADAPT-ITT methodology was utilized to guide the adaption process: 1) assessment, 2) decision, 3) adaptation 4) production, 5) topical experts, 6) integration 7) training and 8) testing. Teacher interest and needs were assessed through focus groups and in-depth interviews. Based on formative feedback, a culturally informed intervention, Little Holy One, was then adapted for Head Start teachers using ADAPT-ITT. Little Holy One is a 12-lesson intergenerational curriculum intervention designed to reduce parental stress and trauma-related symptoms among parent-child dyads. ResultsFrom the qualitative assessments teachers described experience of stress, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Based on teacher preferences for content and perceived needs a culturally informed format and content educating about stress were integrated into the intervention. Assessment of community capacity to help adapt and adopt the intervention revealed their ability to implement the intervention. Iterative feedback with a tribal advisory board and designers of the original intervention led to final selection of five lessons. Using theater testing (step 4 of ADAPT-ITT) these lessons were adapted for implementation with Fort Peck Head Start teachers. ConclusionThe adaptation and evaluation process of the Little Holy One lessons contribute critical considerations that must be taken in adapting psychological health interventions to decrease stress and improve well-being. Results outlined in this paper provide a framework to adapt interventions to be culturally and context specific and meet the needs of the people it serves.
Study on the micro through holes machining using the Electrochemical machining (ECM) method with a graphite electrode
Authors: Zhu Likuan , Hao Jinhui , Xu Bin , Wang Bei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical machining is widely used in biomedical, aerospace, automotive and other fields. The development of electrochemical machining (ECM) is restricted by many factors such as the difficulty of preparing micro-electrode, large machined gap and serious stray corrosion. In this paper, we present a method to fabricate micro-holes by combining micro-graphite electrode with hollow structure. Firstly, a sealed graphite electrode was proposed to guarantee that the sediment can be fully removed by the flowing electrolyte. Then, the effect of machined parameters such as the pulse frequency, machined voltage, electrode feeding speed and electrolyte concentration on machining quality were studied. By optimizing the machined parameters, the minimum value of micro-hole taper with 0.07 could be obtained. To improve the shape precision of workpiece, this paper designed the hollow structure inside the electrode. With the increasing of the pulse frequency, the machining accuracy of micro-holes increased. The results suggested that the pulse frequency of 100 KHz, the machined voltage of 18 V, the feeding speed of 1 µm/s and electrolyte concentration of 5% were more suitable for micro-holes machining with ECM.
Liver stiffness and platelet count to assess the risk of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in liver cirrhosis
Authors: Zhang Liting , Zhang Xinhe , Mao Hua , Wang Shuai , Hu Weiling , Ji Dong , Liu Dengxiang , Yang Shiying , Gao Xiaoqin , Guo Peilin , Zhao Wen , Huang Yifei , Nan Yuemin , Li Yiling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The Baveno VI portal hypertension consensus recommended that liver stiffness measurement (LSM) < 20kPa and platelet count (PLT) > 150×109/L may avoid screening endoscopy in 40% of patients with compensated cirrhosis. We aimed to use transient elastography (TE) to measure liver stiffness, combined with PLT to assess the risk of bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices in patients with liver cirrhosis, and to establish a new standard for Chinese patients.
Methods
Adult patients with compensated liver cirrhosis treated in 8 clinical research centers from 2018 to 2020 were enrolled and randomly divided into the training cohort and the validation cohort. Patients from the training cohort were used to study the performance of different PLT and LSM, to ensure great endoscopic avoidance rate and very low varicose veins need to be treated (VNT) missed rate. At the same time, the new standard was verified in the validation cohort patients.
Results
A total of 260 patients (166(63.8%) hepatitis B and 229 (88.07%) Child-Pugh class A) were analyzed. In the training cohort (n = 137) with hepatitis B as the main etiology (63.8%), the LSM < 25kPa and PLT > 120×109/L were the best standards. Under this standard, 23.4% of patients could avoid unnecessary endoscopy screening, and 3.1% of patients missed VNT. In the validation cohort (n = 123), under the TOUCH standard, 24.4% of patients could avoid screening endoscopy, and the risk of missed VNT was within an acceptable range (3.4%).
Conclusions
The new standard based on instantaneous elastography technology could identify patients with compensatory cirrhosis with low risk of varicose veins and some patients may avoid screening endoscopy.
Interaction Effects between Insomnia and Depression on Incidence of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Multi-center study
Authors: jung eujene , ryu Hyun ho , lee jung ho , Kim Sung Wan , song kyoung jun , ro young sun , cha kyoung chul , hwang sung oh , shin Sang do 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Insomnia and depression have been known to be risk factors of several diseases, including coronary heart disease. We hypothesized that insomnia affects the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) incidence, and these effects may vary depending on whether it is accompanied by depression. This study aimed to determine the association between insomnia and OHCA incidence and whether the effect of insomnia is influenced by depression.
Methods
This prospective multicenter case-control study was performed using Phase II Cardiac Arrest Pursuit Trial with Unique Registration and Epidemiology Surveillance (CAPTURES-II) project database for OHCA cases and community-based controls in Korea. The main exposure was history of insomnia. We conducted conditional logistic regression analysis to estimate the effect of insomnia on the risk of OHCA incidence and performed interaction analysis between insomnia and depression. Finally, subgroup analysis was conducted in the patients with insomnia.
Results
Insomnia was not associated with increased OHCA risk (0.95 [0.64—1.40]). In the interaction analysis, insomnia interacted with depression on OHCA incidence in the young population. Insomnia was associated with significantly higher odds of OHCA incidence (3.65 [1.29—10.33]) in patients with depression than in those without depression (0.84 [0.59—1.17]). In the subgroup analysis, depression increased OHCA incidence only in patients who were not taking insomnia medication (3.66 [1.15—11.66]).
Conclusion
Insomnia with depression is a risk factor for OHCA in the young population. This trend was maintained only in the population not consuming insomnia medication. Early and active medical intervention for patients with insomnia may contribute to lowering the risk of OHCA.
Impact of heavy metal pollution on growth, biochemical composition and nutrition quality of Spirulina platensis
Authors: El-Agawany Nagwa I. , Kaamoush Mona I.A. , Salhin Hamida El 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study focused on the effect of five different concentrations of three heavy metals (Nickel, Copper and Zinc) on growth, IR spectra, the content of fatty acids and total soluble protein profile in Spirulina platensis. Spirulina platensis was selected for this study because of its high nutritional value as an important form of algae that is used commercially (especially for fish feeding) as a source of proteins, minerals, amino acids, vital unsaturated fatty acids, and a range of vitamins. EC50 of the three heavy metals was recorded nearly at concentration 2.0 mg/l. The inhibitory effect of growth measured in optical density was more prominent in case of copper than zinc and nickel. IR spectra showed formation of new compounds and absence of other compounds when compared to untreated cells, it was clearer in case of Cu2+ than in case of Zn2+ and Ni2. Grand total fatty acids decreased under all the tested concentrations, saturated fatty acids were more dominant than unsaturated ones under stress conditions. The destructive effect of the heavy metal ions on protein profile was more prominent under the stress effect of Cu2+ than in case of Zn2+ and Ni2+.
Different genomic representations of novel pathogens base on signal processing algorithms: COVID-19 case study
Authors: Touati Rabeb , Touati Mohamed , Benzarti Faouzi , Kumar Vishal , Kharrat Maher , Elngar Ahmed A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Coronaviruses are a type of frequent RNA virus. They are responsible for digestive and respiratory infections in animal and human genomes. A coronavirus renamed COVID-19 appeared and spread in the world which makes it declared in March 2020 a pandemic by the World Health Organization. SARS-CoV-2 genome, responsible for COVID-19 virus, has a size equal to 29,903 nucleotides, and its genetic makeup is composed of 11 functional open reading frames (ORFs). This paper proposes comparison algorithms to find SARS-Cov2 origin using digital genomic signatures. As a result, the five closest genomes related to SARS-CoV-2 are RaTG13, Pangolin-cov-PCoV_GX-P2V, Pangolin CoV MP789, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21.
Non-cooperation motivation is irrelevant: Negative evaluations of punishment in the public goods game, positive evaluations in the third-party punishment game
Authors: Li Yang , Mifune Nobuhiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The evolution of human altruism toward strangers remains a puzzle. While a possible explanation may exist in the concept of punishment for non-cooperators, its own evolution depends on how others evaluate punishment. In general, punishment is assessed differently based on the context, with negative evaluations in the public goods game with punishment (PG-P), and positive evaluations in the third-party punishment game (TPP). This study examined whether different non-cooperation motivations could explain these inconsistencies; namely, the aim is to avoid exploitation (fear) in the PG-P, but to exploit the counterpart (greed) in the TPP. In turn, we posited that these motivational differences would respectively induce negative and positive responses to punishments for non-cooperation. To test this, we conducted a series of online experiments with hypothetical scenarios in which the motivations of non-cooperators were manipulated by the decision-making order. Two studies with a total of 842 participants consistently found inter-game differences regardless of the motivation for non-cooperation. Specifically, evaluations were more positive toward non-punishers (vs punishers) in the PG-P, but more positive toward punishers (vs non-punishers) in the TPP. In sum, these results highlight a general tendency to devaluate punishment as a way of maintaining group order.
Adult-plant resistance of Panax notoginseng to nematodes and interspecific facilitation with pine trees
Authors: Wang Zhuhua , Wang Wenpeng , Yang Kuan , Ye Chen , Wu Wentao , Wang Cuiyin , Mao Guomin , Huang Huichuan , Mei Xinyue , Yang Min , Zhu Shusheng , Zhu Youyong , He Xiahong , Liu Yixiang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Root-knot nematode (RKN) is a soil-borne pathogen that severely damages Panax notoginseng. It has been recently shown that intercropping P. notoginseng in forests constitutes an innovative system that can promote P. notoginseng growth and suppress the spread of disease. However, there is little research on the interspecific interaction between pine trees and P. notoginseng. Here, two years of field experiments were designed to explore the effects of RKN infestation and P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping on the growth and saponin synthesis of P. notoginseng. The results showed that RKN infestation could significantly reduce the root biomass, nutrient uptake and saponin accumulation of P. notoginseng seedlings. Interestingly, two-year-old P. notoginseng plants grew normally (specifically, root biomass, saponin synthesis, nutrient uptake and root morphology were normal) under nematode infection, while the incidence of RKN disease was decreased compared with that of seedlings before transplantation, indicating that P. notoginseng has adult-plant resistance (APR) to RKN disease. Furthermore, P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping could significantly reduce the incidence of RKN disease and increase the biomass, nutrient uptake and saponin synthesis of P. notoginseng under mild infection, and root architecture may play a key role. Above all, P. notoginseng showed APR to RKN disease, and P. notoginseng–pine tree intercropping represents a type of interspecific facilitation that can promote the growth and quality of P. notoginseng.
Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation of Several Flavonoids Predict Cyanidin as an Effective Drug Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
Authors: Shrestha Asmita , Marahatha Rishab , Regmi Bishnu , Dahal Salik Ram , Basnyat Ram Chandra , Parajuli Niranjan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In silico method has provided a versatile process of developing lead compounds from a large database in a short duration. Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 is required for viral entry into the host cell, hence inhibiting it prevents the virus from fusing and infecting the host. This study determined the binding interaction of 36 flavonoids against the S protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 through molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. In addition, the molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) approach was used to calculate the binding free energy (BFE). Flavonoids were selected based on their in vitro assays on SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively.
Results
Our pharmacokinetics study revealed that cyanidin showed good drug-likeness, fulfilled Lipinski's rule of five, and conferred favorable toxicity parameters. MD simulation showed that cyanidin interacts with S protein and altered the conformation and binding free energy suited.
Conclusion
Based on these findings, we have concluded that cyanidin could be a promising drug against the SARS-CoV-2 S protein.
Human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A H3N8 virus: an epidemiological investigation study
Authors: Bao Pengtao , Liu Yang , Zhang Xiao-Ai , Fan Hang , Zhao Jie , Mu Mi , Li Haiyang , Wang Yanhe , Ge Honghan , Li Shuang , Yang Xin , Cui Qianqian , Chen Rui , Gao Liang , Sun Zhihua , Gao Lizhen , Qiu Shuang , Liu Xuchun , Horby Peter , Li Xiubin , Fang Li-Qun , Liu Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A four-year-old boy developed recurrent fever and severe pneumonia in April, 2022. High-throughput sequencing on his bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a novel reassortant avian influenza A-H3N8 virus (A/Henan/ZMD-22-2/2022(H3N8). Both HA and NA genes of the virus were of avian origin, with the HA gene most closely related to H3N2 and H3N8 viruses detected in ducks in Guangdong Province, and NA gene most closely related to wild bird H3N8 influenza viruses detected in the USA and Japan. The six internal genes were acquired from Eurasian lineage H9N2 viruses. Molecular substitutions analysis revealed the haemagglutin retained avian-like receptor binding specificity but PB2 genes possessed sequence changes (E627K) associated with increased virulence and transmissibility in mammalian animal models. The patient developed respiratory failure, liver, renal, coagulation dysfunction and sepsis. Endotracheal intubation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were administered. Positive detection of the novel A(H3N8) RNA was obtained from nasopharyngeal swab of a dog, anal swab of a cat, and environmental samples collected in the patient’s house. The full-length HA sequence from the dog and cat was identical to sequence from the patient. No influenza like illness developed and no H3N8-RNA was identified from the family members. Serological test revealed neutralizing antibody induced against ZMD-22-2 virus in the patient and three of his family members. Our results suggest a novel triple reassortant H3N8 caused severe human disease. There is some evidence of mammalian adaptation, possible via an intermediary mammalian species, but no evidence of person to person transmission. The potential threat from avian influenzas viruses warrants continuous evaluation and mitigation.
Characterization of Antibacterial Fabric Nanocomposites Based on Silver /Copper Oxide and Polymer Blend with Electron Beam Radiation
Authors: Eyssa Hanan. M. , Sadek Rawia F. , Attia R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cotton fabrics are usually used for medical purposes, but they can be damaged when exposed to microorganisms. Through modification with carboxymethyl cellulose–polyethylene glycol–ethylene glycol hydrogel/silver/copper oxide (CMC–PEG–EG/Ag/CuO) nanocomposites and subsequent irradiation using an electron beam accelerator, this study proposes an effective method for avoiding bacterial risks on cotton fabrics. The results showed that cotton fabrics loaded with CMC–PEG–EG/Ag/CuO had a low water vapor permeability (WVP) value of 0.09 (0.006% for Ag and 2% for CuO) at a dose of 5 kGy compared with unloaded cotton fabrics (0.33). The tensile strength of the modified cotton fabrics, which had various formulations, was significantly improved with EB irradiation until 25 kGy, exceeding that of the unloaded fabrics. Thermal stability was enhanced by adding CuO nanoparticles up to 2%. The antibacterial activity of the modified cotton fabrics was analyzed by examining gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The results showed that the modified cotton fabrics had the highest inhibition zone effect, with 20 and 15 mm for both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. In addition, CMC–PEG–EGs incorporated with 0.006% Ag and 0.012% CuO irradiated at a dose of 5 kGy and 0.006% Ag and 0.5% CuO at a dose of 25 kGy were the most efficient formulations. Meanwhile, a 0.012% concentration of CuO nanoparticles in the formulation was considered appropriate to provide the best antimicrobial activity, as the cost of modifying the fabrics was minimized.
Patterns of co-contamination in freshwater and marine fish of the northeastern United States
Authors: Bourne Kimberly , Curtis Amanda , Chipman Jonathan , Chen Celia Y. , Borsuk Mark E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic contaminants (PBTs) are known to co-occur in fish tissue, yet this covariance has not been explicitly incorporated into model-based risk assessments that inform fish consumption advisories. We utilize available US EPA datasets to statistically model the covariance among PBT concentrations in fish tissue and the dependence of this covariance on waterbody and watershed conditions. We find that most PBTs positively covary, whether fish were collected in rivers, lakes, or coastal waters. Mercury in lakes, and mercury, PFCs, and heptachlor in rivers, covary negatively with the other PBTs. While much of the variance and covariance in PBTs can be statistically related to fish characteristics and watershed and waterbody conditions, a large amount remains in model residuals. This implies that single contaminant models, even if highly precise, can misestimate total health risk by neglecting the substantial covariance with other PBTs that is left unmodelled.