bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Early-onset Graves’ Disease
Authors: di Filippo Luigi , Castellino Laura , Allora Agnese , Frara Stefano , Lanzi Roberto , Perticone Francesca , Valsecchi Fanny , Vassallo Alberto , Giubbini Raffaele , Rosen Clifford J , Giustina Andrea 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Several case reports of Graves’ disease (GD) occurrence after COVID-19 vaccination that are possibly related to the autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) were published recently.

Objective
The aim of our study was to evaluate possible distinctive features in the presentation and clinical course of patients with GD occurring early (within 4 weeks) after COVID-19 vaccination who attended our Endocrine Unit in 2021.

Methods
Patients with a first episode of GD attending a tertiary endocrine center between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021, were included.

Results
Sixty-four patients with a first episode of GD were seen in 2021: 20 (31.2%) of them had onset within 4 weeks following vaccine administration. Compared with the other 44 patients, the 20 patients with postvaccine early-onset (PoVEO) GD were older (median age 51 years vs 35 years, P = .003) and more likely to be male (40.0% vs 13.6%, P = .018). At diagnosis, the biochemical and immune profiles were similar between the 2 groups. However, at 3 months after starting methimazole, patients with PoVEO GD had significantly lower thyrotropin receptor antibody titer and were taking lower doses of methimazole than the other patients with GD. None in the PoVEO group had sustained free triiodothyronine elevation.

Conclusion
This relatively large series suggests that in 2021 PoVEO GD may be a new nosologic entity representing one-third of patients evaluated for new-onset GD in our center. Distinctive features included older age at onset, higher male prevalence, and a better initial biochemical and immunologic response to treatment. Further studies are warranted to clinically and biochemically differentiate these cases from sporadically occurring GD.
Bile Acids—A Peek Into Their History and Signaling
Authors: Nguyen James T , Shaw Ryan Philip Henry , Anakk Sayeepriyadarshini 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Bile acids wear many hats, including those of an emulsifier to facilitate nutrient absorption, a cholesterol metabolite, and a signaling molecule in various tissues modulating itching to metabolism and cellular functions. Bile acids are synthesized in the liver but exhibit wide-ranging effects indicating their ability to mediate organ-organ crosstalk. So, how does a steroid metabolite orchestrate such diverse functions? Despite the inherent chemical similarity, the side chain decorations alter the chemistry and biology of the different bile acid species and their preferences to bind downstream receptors distinctly. Identification of new modifications in bile acids is burgeoning, and some of it is associated with the microbiota within the intestine. Here, we provide a brief overview of the history and the various receptors that mediate bile acid signaling in addition to its crosstalk with the gut microbiota.
Deletion of Constitutive Androstane Receptor Led to Intestinal Alterations and Increased Imidacloprid in Murine Liver
Authors: Sen Anushna , Goforth Madison , Cooper Kerry K , Anakk Sayeepriyadarshini 
Published: September 2022

AbstractImidacloprid (IMI) is the most frequently detected neonicotinoid pesticide in the environment. Despite typically low toxicity in vertebrates, IMI exposure is associated with liver and gastrointestinal toxicity. The mechanism underlying IMI toxicity in mammals is unclear. Pesticide exposure frequently activates xenobiotic nuclear receptors, such as the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), to induce detoxification phase I and phase II genes. This study examined the role of CAR in mediating IMI off-target toxicity. Female Car−/− and wild-type (WT) mice were orally administered imidacloprid (50 mg/kg, twice daily) for 21 days, following which serum, liver, and intestinal tissues were collected. Liver tissue analysis indicated mild inflammation and induction of detoxification gene Cyp2b10 in IMI-exposed WT mice. The absence of CAR increased hepatic IMI accumulation. Microbiome analysis of ileal samples revealed IMI altered microbial diversity in a genotype-specific manner, with increased α-diversity in Car−/− mice while decreased α-diversity in WT mice. We observed Car−/− mice exhibit intestinal alterations with decreased CYP-P450 expression, blunted villi height, and increased small intestine length and weight independent of IMI exposure. Our results suggest that IMI is not overtly toxic. However, the absence of xenobiotic nuclear receptor CAR allows increased accumulation of IMI in the liver and disrupts the villi structure and Cyp gene expression in the intestine.
In-Stent Stenosis After Pipeline Embolization Device in Intracranial Aneurysms: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Turhon Mirzat , Kang Huibin , Liu Jian , Zhang Yisen , Zhang Ying , Huang Jiliang , Wang Kun , Li Mengxing , Liu Jianmin , Zhang Hongqi , Li Tianxiao , Song Donglei , Zhao Yuanli , Luo Bin , Maimaiti Aierpati , Aisha Maimaitili , Wang Yunyan , Feng Wenfeng , Wang Yang , Wan Jieqing , Mao Guohua , Shi Huaizhang , Yang Xinjian , Guan Sheng 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:In-stent stenosis (ISS) is a delayed complication that can occur after pipeline embolization device use when treating intracranial aneurysms (IAs).OBJECTIVE:To assess the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of ISS.METHODS:This was a retrospective, multicenter, observational study. All patient data were collected from a PLUS registry study. We collected data from patients with IA who completed digital subtraction angiography at follow-up and divided patients into “non-ISS,” “mild ISS,” or “severe ISS” groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine predictors of ISS.RESULTS:A total of 1171 consecutive patients with 1322 IAs participated in this study. Angiographic follow-up was available for 662 patients with 728 IAs, and the mean follow-up time was 9 months. ISS was detected in 73 cases (10.03%), including 61 mild ISS cases and 12 severe ISS cases. Univariate and multivariable analysis demonstrated that current smoking history (mild ISS: OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.122-4.118,P= .021; severe ISS: OR 5.858, 95% CI 1.186-28.93,P= .030) and cerebral atherosclerosis (mild ISS: OR 5.694, 95% CI 3.193-10.15,P= .001; severe ISS: OR 6.103, 95% CI 1.384-26.91,P= .017) were independent predictors of ISS. Compared with the other groups, the severe ISS group had higher rate of ischemic stroke (33.3%).CONCLUSION:ISS occurs in approximately 10.03% of cases at a mean follow-up of 9 months. Statistically, current smoking history and cerebral atherosclerosis are the main predictors of ISS. Severe ISS may be associated with higher risk of neurological ischemic events in patients with IA after pipeline embolization device implantation.
Unruly octopuses are the rule: Octopus vulgaris use multiple and individually variable strategies in an episodic-like memory task
Authors: Poncet Lisa , Desnous Coraline , Bellanger Cécile , Jozet-Alves Christelle 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Episodic-like memory has mainly been studied through experimental tasks in which subjects have to remember what they ate, where and when or in which context. Seemingly quite common in mammals and corvids, episodic-like memory ability has also been demonstrated in the common cuttlefish, a cephalopod mollusc. To explore whether this ability is common to all cephalopods or whether it has emerged to face specific ecological constraints, we conducted an episodic-like memory task with seven Octopus vulgaris. Only one individual learnt the replenishing rates during training and subsequently showed episodic-like memory ability, whereas the other individuals favoured simpler foraging strategies, such as avoidance of familiarity and alternation, use of a win–stay strategy and risk sensitivity. A high variability in the use of these strategies was observed between and within individuals throughout training. As octopuses seem to live under lighter environmental pressure than cuttlefish, they may not need to rely on episodic-like memory ability to optimize foraging as cuttlefish do. These results highlight the differences in the use of complex cognitive abilities between cuttlefish and octopuses, which might be linked to different environmental and predatory constraints.
Improving the predictive power of xenograft and syngeneic anti-tumour studies using mice humanised for pathways of drug metabolism
Authors: Henderson Colin J. , McLaren Aileen W. , Kapelyukh Yury , Wolf C. Roland 
Published: September 2022

Drug development is an expensive and time-consuming process, with only a small fraction of drugs gaining regulatory approval from the often many thousands of candidates identified during target validation. Once a lead compound has been identified and optimised, they are subject to intensive pre-clinical research to determine their pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties, procedures which inevitably involve significant numbers of animals - mainly mice and rats, but also dogs and monkeys in much smaller numbers and for specific types of drug candidates. Many compounds that emerge from this process, having been shown to be safe and efficacious in pre-clinical studies, subsequently fail to replicate this outcome in clinical trials, therefore wasting time, money and, most importantly, animals. The poor predictive power of animal models in pre-clinical studies is predominantly due to lack of efficacy or safety reasons, which in turn can be attributed mainly to the significant species differences in drug metabolism between humans and animals. To circumvent this, we have developed a complex transgenic mouse model – 8HUM - which faithfully replicates human Phase I drug metabolism (and its regulation), and which will generate more human-relevant data [REFINEMENT] from fewer animals [REDUCTION] in a pre-clinical setting and reduce attrition in the clinic. One key area for the pre-clinical application of animals in an oncology setting – almost exclusively mice - is their use in anti-tumour studies. We now further demonstrate the utility of the 8HUM mouse using a murine melanoma cell line as a syngeneic tumour and also present an immunodeficient version 8HUM_Rag2-/- - for use in xenograft studies. These models will be of significant benefit not only to Pharma for pre-clinical drug development work, but also throughout the drug efficacy, toxicology, pharmacology, and drug metabolism communities, where fewer animals will be needed to generate more human-relevant data.
Identification of prognostic biomarkers of invasive ductal carcinoma by an integrated bioinformatics approach
Authors: Marrugo-Padilla Albeiro , Márquez-Lázaro Johana , Álviz-Amador Antistio 
Published: September 2022

Background: Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is the most common breast cancer worldwide. Nowadays, due to IDC heterogeneity and its high capacity for metastasis, it is necessary to discover novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Thus, this study aimed to identify new prognostic genes of IDC using an integrated bioinformatics approach. Methods: Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we downloaded publicly available data of the whole-genome mRNA expression profile from the first three stages of IDC in two expression profiling datasets, GSE29044 and GSE32291; intra-group data repeatability tests were conducted using Pearson’s correlation test, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the online tool GEO2R, followed by the construction of a protein‑protein interaction network (PPI-net) with the common DEGs identified in the three analyzed stages using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database and Cytoscape software, from these PPI-net we identify the hub genes (prognostic genes). Results: We found seven genes [WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase 1 (WWP1), STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1 (STUB1), F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7), kelch like family member 13 (KLHL13), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 Q1 (UBE2Q1), tripartite motif-containing 11 (TRIM11), and the beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (BTRC)] as potential candidates for IDC prognostic biomarkers, which were mainly enriched in the Ubiquitin-specific protease activity, cytoskeletal protein binding, and ligase activity. The role of these genes in the pathophysiology of IDC is not yet well characterized, representing a way to improve our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis and the underlying molecular events of IDC. Conclusions: Genes identified may lead to the discovery of new prognostic targets and precise therapeutics for IDC.
Identification of qPCR reference genes suitable for normalising gene expression in the developing mouse embryo
Authors: Hildyard John C.W. , Wells Dominic J. , Piercy Richard J. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Progression through mammalian embryogenesis involves many interacting cell types and multiple differentiating cell lineages. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis of gene expression in the developing embryo is a valuable tool for deciphering these processes, but normalisation to stably-expressed reference genes is essential for such analyses. Gene expression patterns change globally and dramatically as embryonic development proceeds, rendering identification of consistently appropriate reference genes challenging. Methods: We have investigated expression stability in mouse embryos from mid to late gestation (E11.5–E18.5), both at the whole-embryo level, and within the head and forelimb specifically, using 15 candidate reference genes ( ACTB, 18S, SDHA, GAPDH, HTATSF1, CDC40, RPL13A, CSNK2A2, AP3D1, HPRT1, CYC1, EIF4A, UBC, B2M and PAK1IP1), and four complementary algorithms (geNorm, Normfinder, Bestkeeper and deltaCt). Results: Unexpectedly, all methods suggest that many genes within our candidate panel are acceptable references, though AP3D1, RPL13A and PAK1IP1 are the strongest performing genes overall (scoring highly in whole embryos, heads or forelimbs alone, and in all samples collectively). HPRT1 and B2M are conversely poor choices, and show strong developmental regulation. We further show that normalisation using our three highest-scoring references can reveal subtle patterns of developmental expression even in genes ostensibly ranked as acceptably stable ( CDC40, HTATSF1). Conclusion: AP3D1, RPL13A and PAK1IP1 represent universally suitable reference genes for expression studies in the E11.5-E18.5 mouse embryo.
FEATURES OF PASSIVE SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF VEHICLES BY THE CRITERION – HUMAN INJURY IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
Authors: Konovalova Tatyana V. , Litvinov Artem E. , Balaev Etibar , Senin Ivan S. , Mironova Maria P. 
Published: September 2022

Road safety is influenced by a large number of factors, among the most negative factors are traffic accidents and their consequences. In road accidents, all categories of the population die and are injured, which entails a decrease in the population of the country and the level of health, life expectancy, length of the working period, and the distortion of the age pyramid. Existing methods for evaluating measures to improve passive safety do not fully allow establishing a correspondence between the characteristics of the car’s structural elements that ensure its passive safety and the severity of the consequences in an accident.
Purpose – the main criteria for evaluating the design of vehicles in the field of passive safety are determined.
Methodology: the article used mathematical and statistical methods of analysis.
Results: the most informative parameters for assessing the severity of injury to a person in an accident were determined, the elements of the vehicle interior were divided into groups of injury hazard in an accident.
Practical implications: Applied research in the field of post-accident safety of vehicles; carrying out experimental design work aimed at creating new high-tech technologies for the production of vehicle parts.
ELEMENTS OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE AND THEIR IMPACT ON ROAD SAFETY
Authors: Konovalova Tatyana V. , Nadiryan Sofiya L. , Izyumsky Alexander A. , Kotsurba Sofiya V. 
Published: September 2022

In this article, the authors consider the issues of road infrastructure and their impact on road safety. The road network affects the risk of road accidents because it determines how road users perceive the environment. The basis for comparing a number of events in a traffic accident with categories of factors contributing to the accident.
Purpose – the measures and methods by which it is possible to achieve a safe level of roads are defined.
Methodology: the article used a full-scale experiment, statistical analysis, risk theory.
Results: the factors that increase road safety, provide a comfortable environment for drivers and pedestrians, and reduce the cost of repair and construction of highways are identified.
Practical implications: identification of the most effective and priority measures to improve highways in order to ensure safety and a comfortable environment. Research activities on the development of new approaches in the field of traffic management.
Achieving Reliable Causal Inference with Data-Mined Variables: A Random Forest Approach to the Measurement Error Problem
Authors: Yang Mochen , McFowland Edward , Burtch Gordon , Adomavicius Gediminas 
Published: September 2022

Combining machine learning with econometric analysis is becoming increasingly prevalent in both research and practice. A common empirical strategy uses predictive modeling techniques to “mine” variables of interest from available data and then includes those variables into an econometric framework to estimate causal effects. However, because the predictions from machine learning models are inevitably imperfect, econometric analyses based on the predicted variables likely suffer from bias due to measurement error. We propose a novel approach to mitigate these biases, leveraging the random forest technique. We propose using random forest not just for prediction but also for generating instrumental variables for bias correction. The random forest algorithm performs best when comprised of a set of trees that are individually accurate in their predictions, yet which also make “different” mistakes, that is, have weakly correlated prediction errors. A key observation is that these properties are closely related to the relevance and exclusion requirements of valid instrumental variables. We design a data-driven procedure to select tuples of individual trees from a random forest, in which one tree serves as the endogenous covariate and the others serve as its instruments. Simulation experiments demonstrate its efficacy in mitigating estimation biases and its superior performance over alternative methods.History: David Martens served as the senior editor for this article.Data Ethics & Reproducibility Note: The code capsule is available on Code Ocean at https://codeocean.com/capsule/7039927/tree/v1 and in the e-Companion to this article (available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijds.2022.0019 ).
Vertiport Planning for Urban Aerial Mobility: An Adaptive Discretization Approach
Authors: Kai Wang , Jacquillat Alexandre , Vaze Vikrant 
Published: September 2022

Problem definition: Electric vertical-takeoff-and-landing (eVTOL) vehicles enable urban aerial mobility (UAM). This paper optimizes the number, locations, and capacities of vertiports in UAM systems while capturing interdependencies between strategic vertiport deployment, tactical operations, and passenger demand. Academic/practical relevance: The model includes a “tractable part” (based on mixed-integer second-order conic optimization) and also a nonconvex demand function. Methodology: We develop an exact algorithm that approximates nonconvex functions with piecewise constant segments, iterating between a conservative model (which yields a feasible solution) and a relaxed model (which yields a solution guarantee). We propose an adaptive discretization scheme that converges to a global optimum—because of the relaxed model. Results: Our algorithm converges to a 1% optimality gap, dominating static discretization benchmarks in terms of solution quality, runtimes, and solution guarantee. Managerial implications: We find that the most attractive structure for UAM is one that uses a few high-capacity vertiports, consolidating operations primarily to serve long-distance trips. Moreover, UAM profitability is highly sensitive to network planning optimization and to customer expectations, perhaps even more so than to vehicle specifications. Therefore, the success of UAM operations requires not only mature eVTOL technologies but also tailored analytics-based capabilities to optimize strategic planning and market-based efforts to drive customer demand. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1148 .
All-SBS fiber-based setup for optical frequency comb generation utilizing a pump recycling technique and comb line isolation by implementing Brillouin amplification
Authors: Paul Aritra , Krishnamurthy Pradeep Kumar 
Published: September 2022

We describe an all-stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) fiber-based setup for the generation, amplification, and isolation of frequency components from an optical frequency comb (OFC). The cascaded SBS–OFC is obtained by utilizing pump and Stokes power recycling techniques. A total of>15comb lines within a 45 dB bandwidth, having an average power of 16 dBm, is observed in the 1550 nm wavelength region of operation. By implementing a polarizer–analyzer setup exploiting the weak birefringence in silica fibers, we amplified and isolated the first Stokes component of the generated comb. The isolated component at 1550.03 nm was amplified by≈55dB. In order to verify the isolation of a single comb line, the SBS–OFC is intensity modulated using sinusoidal signals of different frequencies, and the modulation is detected after the comb line isolation. We also observe that with the increase in Brillouin pump power during comb line isolation, the spontaneous Brillouin noise acts as a limitation to the selective amplification process.
Electrically active control of terahertz waves in a hybrid metasurface–grating structure with a liquid crystal
Authors: Yang Jun , Xu Lu , Zhang Guozhen , Li Ying , Hu Minggang , Li Jian , Lu Hongbo , Deng Guangsheng , Yin Zhiping 
Published: September 2022

A reflective terahertz phase shifter for wide-range dynamic and continuous phase modulation is proposed. By injecting a tunable liquid crystal between the slotted metasurface and the grating microstructure, the phases of reflected waves can be modulated with different electrically driven methods. Numerical simulations show that the proposed terahertz phase shifter has a phase difference of more than 360° between unbiased and biased states. Furthermore, an array of

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patch elements was designed and fabricated. The performance of the phase shifter provides more than 360° between 379.6 and 391.8 GHz, where the maximum phase shift reaches 422.4° at 385.9 GHz. Moreover, the fully electrically controlled phase modulation of more than 180° is achieved between 382.0 and 394.1 GHz, with a maximum phase modulation of 248.4° at 383.3 GHz. This work may provide a reflective terahertz phase modulator for beam steering.
Near-field radiative heat transfer in three-body Weyl semimetals: erratum
Authors: Yu Ziqi , Li Xiaopeng , Lee Taehwa , Iizuka Hideo 
Published: September 2022

This erratum corrects a typographical error in Eq. (4) of our published paper [Opt. Express 30(18), 31584 (2022).10.1364/OE.465017]. This misprint does not influence the results and conclusions presented in the original Article.