bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of chemical stabilizers to prolong urease inhibition in the soil–plant system#
Authors: Ding Fang , Hung Chih‐Yu , Whalen Joann K. , Wang Lingli , Wei Zhanbo , Zhang Lei , Shi Yuanliang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrea is the most common nitrogen fertilizer applied to agricultural lands, and it is often treated with urease inhibitors to prevent loss of ammonia during urea hydrolysis. However, urease inhibitors like N‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) are susceptible to degradation in soil.AimsThis study tested dimethyl sulfoxide, ethylene glycol and glycerol as stabilizers that could extend the inhibition effect of NBPT in a soil–plant system that received liquid urea fertilizer.MethodsWe undertook a pot experiment in which two soil types (brown and black soils) were amended with liquid urea plus NBPT, with and without chemical stabilizers, then planted with bok choy. The urease activity, urea and mineral N concentration in soil and nitrogen uptake in bok choy were monitored for the next 30 days.ResultsFive days after adding fertilizer, urease activity was 27%–51% lower in brown soil amended with the urea‐NBPT solutions and 32%–75% less when black soil received urea‐NBPT solution than in the control soil that received urea solution. Nearly 100% of the urea was hydrolyzed in control soil receiving urea solution after 5 days, but only 21%–41% of urea was hydrolyzed in soil amended with urea‐NBPT solution after 5 days. Stabilizers did not improve the stability of NBPT, nor did they affect the nitrogen uptake by bok choy, which was similar in the urea‐amended control soil (124 mg N pot–1) and the urea‐NBPT‐treated soil (117 mg N pot–1) during the growth period.ConclusionsChemical stabilizers did not prolong the NBPT inhibition of urease activity, probably because the stabilizer compounds are vulnerable to degradation in well‐watered and planted soils.
Purification and identification of a novel hypotensive and antioxidant peptide from porcine plasma
Authors: Zhan Junqi , Li Gaoshang , Dang Yali , Pan Daodong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPig plasma contains a large amount of protein. Porcine plasma polypeptide can be prepared by the enzymatic hydrolysis of porcine plasma protein. The present study investigated the function, structure, and mechanisms of porcine plasma peptides.RESULTSThe results showed that WVRQAPGKGL had a major ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) (35.25%), 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazo line‐6‐sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical scavenging activity (ABTS RSA) (93.09%) and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity (DPPH RSA) (25.72%), as well as in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition (91.64%). WVRQAPGKGL could inactivate ACE by binding to Zn2+ because of the presence of carboxyl in WVRQAPGKGL. The ACE inhibition, HRSA, and DPPH of synthetic WVRQAPGKGL were improved by 12.70%, 16.06%, and 117.11% respectively after in vitro digestion. It (0.1 mg mL−1) also increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) by 59.78%, 69.05%, and 59.06%, and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) by 22.08% and 50.59%, respectively, to protect HepG2 cells induced by H2O2. Furthermore, in a spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) model, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the peptide group (30 mg kg−1) both decreased by about 33.33% in comparison with captopril.CONCLUSIONA new difunctional (antioxidant and hypotensive) peptide, WVRQAPGKGL, derived from porcine plasma hydrolyzate was isolated by gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography, and identified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS)−1. The difunctional peptide WVRQAPGKGL from porcine plasma could therefore be used in formulating functional foods or pharmaceuticals. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Improved retention ratio and bioaccessibility of lutein loaded in emulsions stabilized by egg yolk granules‐lecithin complex
Authors: Li Junhua , Chang Cuihua , Gu Luping , Su Yujie , Yang Yanjun , Zhai Jiali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDEgg yolk granules (EYGs)‐soy lecithin (SL) complex is a newly developed delivery system that is effective for improving the storage stability of hydrophobic bioactive compounds. However, the formation mechanism of EYGs and SL complex and its effect on the gastrointestinal fate of lutein‐loaded emulsions needs to be investigated further.RESULTSAdding SL greatly improved the surface activity of the EYGs, as evidenced by reduced surface tension and an increased adsorption rate to the oil/water interface. Hydrophobic interaction was the dominant force in the formation of EYG‐SL complex, with hydrogen and ionic bonds playing complementary roles. Using the EYG‐SL complex, stable oil‐in‐water emulsions were formed and exhibited an enhanced retention ratio and bioaccessibility of lutein after simulated digestion. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the additional anti‐oxidant activity as a result of EYGs was responsible for the high retention of lutein, whereas low surface tension facilitated the micellization of bioaccessible lutein.CONCLUSIONThe present study shows that the EYG and SL have a synergistic effect with respect to improving the retention ratio and bioaccessibility of lutein in emulsions stabilized by EYG‐SL complex after digestion and this will guide the development of value‐added oil‐in‐water emulsion products using protein‐lecithin complex as a promising nutrient delivery vehicle. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Prediction of local tumor control and recurrence‐free survival in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing curative resection after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Suto Hironobu , Okano Keiichi , Oshima Minoru , Ando Yasuhisa , Matsukawa Hiroyuki , Takahashi Shigeo , Shibata Toru , Kamada Hideki , Masaki Tsutomu , Suzuki Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThere is little data on the correlation between the reduction in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) radioactive accumulation and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) levels with pathological tumor responses (PTRs) and prognosis after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from 102 patients with resectable (R‐) and borderline resectable (BR‐) PDAC who received NACRT, followed by curative resection. Data were prospectively collected and compared between the responders and nonresponders to NACRT.ResultsPatients with 60% or more reduction in maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on FDG‐PET, with 75% or more reduction in CA19‐9 levels, or with 50%–100% of tumor cells destroyed due to NACRT had significantly better recurrence‐free survival (RFS) than each of the nonresponders (p = 0.028, <0.001, and 0.022, respectively). The reduction rates of SUVmax and CA19‐9 levels were correlated with PTR. The combined evaluation of these biomarkers reflected RFS.ConclusionsReduction rates of FDG uptake and CA19‐9 levels were preoperative predictors of pathological response to NACRT. These biomarkers of local response had prognostic value in R‐PDAC and BR‐PDAC. The combined evaluation of these biomarkers allowed for reliable prediction of RFS after surgery.
Direct coupling of size exclusion chromatography and mass spectrometry for the characterization of complex monoclonal antibody products
Authors: Murisier Amarande , Andrie Marie , Fekete Szabolcs , Lauber Matthew , D'Atri Valentina , Iwan Katharina , Guillarme Davy 
Published: March 2022

The present study describes the possibilities offered by an innovative bioinert size exclusion chromatography column for size variant characterization of complex monoclonal antibody products. This size exclusion chromatography column includes a novel column hardware surface. The column was prepared from metallic hardware components that were treated to have prototype hydrophilically modified hybrid organic–inorganic silica surfaces called hybrid surface technology. This provides a significant reduction in nondesired hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions that can occur between column and analyte when performing size exclusion chromatography analysis with volatile mobile phase.Compared to a reference stainless‐steel column packed with the same batch of packing material, peak tailing, band broadening, and above all recovery of high molecular weight species were distinctly improved for all types of monoclonal antibody products. Based on our observations, we found that 50 mM ammonium acetate in water was a suitable mobile phase offering good compromise in terms of liquid chromatography performance and mass spectrometry sensitivity. In addition, method repeatability (intra‐ and interday relative standard deviations) on elution times and high molecular weight species peak areas were found to be excellent.By using this innovative size exclusion chromatography material, the low and high molecular weight species contained in various stressed and nonstressed monoclonal antibody products were successfully characterized with mass spectrometry detection.
Managing COVID‐19‐related knowledge: A smart cities perspective
Authors: Abdalla Wala , Renukappa Suresh , Suresh Subashini 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEffective management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and the urgent need to improve epidemic prevention require rapid response and immediate solutions, deploying appropriate knowledge management procedures and facilitating effective decision‐making and managerial efforts. The increased adoption of smart cities (SC) technologies offers various technologies that can support knowledge capturing, acquisition, sharing, and transferring. However, knowledge management practitioners and decision‐makers face various challenges to manage huge data generated from the various SC platforms. Managing COVID‐19‐related knowledge necessitates filtering, cleaning, keeping, and sharing only useful data. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate managing knowledge related to COVID‐19 from a SC perspective. The methodological approach for this study is a systematic literature review. The findings indicate that SC technologies, through the advanced deployment of information communications technology (ICT) applications, have a crucial role in knowledge capturing and sharing. Smart cities strategies enable knowledge extraction through facilitating data collection and analysis over various disparate databases, as well as facilitating quick and accurate handling and analysis of huge and unpredicted amount of data. Managing knowledge related to COVID‐19 pandemic has the potential to improve the planning, treatment and controlling the pandemic, enhance decision‐making, and enable disaster management. However, the managing of a huge amount of complex, unstructured data and information remains a big challenge for COVID‐19 knowledge management (KM) initiatives. The paper proposes a conceptual model and illustrates the various components and links between SC strategies, KM and COVID‐19, and how this can inform, facilitate, and enhance decision‐making to take steps for the path of recovery.
The sociocultural barriers ofwork‐from‐homearrangement due toCOVID‐19 pandemic in Asia: Implications and future implementation
Authors: Himawan Karel Karsten , Helmi Jessica , Fanggidae Jappy P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe rapidly escalating COVID‐19 pandemic entails many unprecedented life circumstances, including in the way people work. The social distancing policy has forced companies to adopt work‐from‐home (WFH) arrangement to maintain business sustainability amidst both health and economic crises. While in many developed countries, WFH arrangement has been a common practice, this is not the case in some Asian countries, particularly in countries where high power distance emphasising heightened supervision and punishment among workers are still a preferred managerial style, such as Indonesia, China, India, and Thailand. While acknowledging that WFH is considered as beyond an option in this pandemic period, this commentary paper, built on existing literature presented in the narrative fashion, aims to critically identify key barriers of WFH implementation in some Asian countries, particularly in autocratic societies, using both theoretical and contextual approaches. The paper concludes by discussing recommendation for future studies and proposing strategic implications for companies and workers to effectively adopt WFH arrangement, especially in societies where WFH is still a new practice or is involuntarily held.
Surgical management of auricular arteriovenous malformations: A literature review
Authors: Liu Ruiquan , Chen Jianguo , Jia Litao , Pan Bo , Jiang Haiyue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAuricular arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) can cause a variety of symptoms that seriously impact the patient's appearance, life, and mental well‐being. Surgery is the primary management method for auricular AVMs, but there is no consensus on how to surgically manage auricular AVMs. In this article, we document a comprehensive review of the characteristics, classification, and surgical interventions to treat auricular AVMs.
Depilatory laser miniaturizes hair by inducing bystander dermal papilla cell necrosis through thermal diffusion
Authors: Chiu Hsien‐Yi , Wang Wei‐Hung , Kuan Chen‐Hsiang , Wu Yueh‐Feng , Tseng Chung‐Jen , Huang Wen‐Yen , Wang Shiou‐Han , Lin Sung‐Jan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesDepilatory laser targeting melanin has been widely applied for the treatment of hypertrichosis. Both selective photothermolysis and thermal diffusion have been proposed for its effect, but the exact mechanism of permanent hair reduction remains unclear. In this study, we explore the role of thermal diffusion in depilatory laser‐induced permanent hair loss and determine whether nonpigmented cells are injured by thermal diffusion.Materials and MethodsC57BL/6 mice in anagen and telogen were treated with alexandrite laser (wavelength 755 nm, pulse duration 3 milliseconds, fluence 12 J/cm2, spot size 12 mm), respectively. Histological analysis, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling assay, and transmission electron microscopic imaging were employed to evaluate the injury to hair follicle (HF) cells. The proliferation status of HF cells was examined by 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine pulse labeling. The number of HF stem cells was quantified by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. The size of the regenerated hair was determined by measuring its length and width.ResultsWe found that irradiating C57BL/6 mice in anagen with alexandrite laser led to hair miniaturization in the next anagen. In addition to thermal disruption of melanin‐containing cells in the precortex region, we also detected necrosis of the adjacent nonpigmented dermal papilla cells due to thermal diffusion. Dermal papilla cells decreased by 24% after laser injury, while the number of bulge stem cells remained unchanged. When the laser was delivered to telogen HFs where no melanin was present adjacent to the dermal papilla, thermal necrosis and cell reduction were not detected in the dermal papilla and no hair miniaturization was observed.ConclusionOur results suggest that depilatory laser miniaturizes hair by inducing thermal necrosis of dermal papilla cells due to secondary thermal diffusion from melanin‐containing precortex cells in the anagen hair bulbs.
Comparative study of 1064 nm nanosecond, 1064 nm picosecond, 755 nm, and 595 nm lasers for tattoo removal: An essential role by macrophage
Authors: Du Xiao‐Jie , Zhou Hong‐Mei , Wang Zhao , Liu Jing , Wang Jia‐Feng , Li Dong , Wu Ting‐Ting , Chen Bin , Zeng Wei‐Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTattoo removal is in high demand, and many types of lasers can be used for tattoo removal. Macrophages play an important role in the persistence of tattoos. However, comparative studies of the efficacy of tattoo removal with different lasers versus the relationship between the destruction of pigment particles or recruitment of macrophages after laser treatment are lacking.Materials and MethodsTattoo models were established on the rat dorsal surface and randomly treated with 1064 nm nanosecond, 1064 nm picosecond, 755 nm, and 595 nm lasers for one session. Clinical photographic evaluation, melanin index, hematoxylin and eosin staining, identification of macrophages by CD68 staining, and transmission electron microscopy were conducted at different time points.ResultsRegardless of the pulse duration, all lasers included were effective for the removal of black tattoos, with 1064 nm lasers having the best efficacy, followed by 755 and 595 nm lasers. The diameter of the pigment particles and recruitment of dermal macrophages correlated with the efficacy of tattoo removal.ConclusionsIn this study, the 1064 nm lasers were found to be the most effective for black tattoo removal. However, there was no significant difference between the 1064 nm picosecond and the nanosecond lasers. Macrophage recruitment plays an essential role in pigment metabolism during laser‐tattoo removal.
A Healable Epoxy with Comprehensive Properties by Incorporating Thermoplastic Epoxy Microspheres
Authors: Zhang He , Lin Zhilin , Xiao Kaibin , Shi Shengyu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHealable materials by incorporating thermoplastic particles as healants can not only possess healability, but also retain the intrinsic properties of the host matrix. Herein, solid healant microspheres made of a thermoplastic epoxy poly(bisphenol A‐co‐epichlorohydrin) are fabricated using a solvent evaporation technique and then incorporated into the thermosetting epoxy to formulate a healable epoxy. Slight dissolution of the microspheres is observed during the curing process of the matrix, which strengthens the bond between the microspheres and matrix. The healing performance is tested after heating at 180 °C for 20 min, and maximum healing efficiency of about 95% is achieved. Due to the thermoplastic feature of the healant, this healable system possesses multi‐time healability. Expectedly, it shows the solid microspheres increase the fracture toughness and do not evidently affect the tensile and thermal properties of the epoxy matrix. This developed healable material with comprehensive properties promises a potentially practical healing system.
Polymers for Long‐Cycle and Highly Safe Lithium‐Based Batteries
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , Chen Hanchu , Liu Xiaodong , Li Yanyan , Li Caixia , Zhang Shouyan , Lin Haifeng , Wang Hui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLithium‐based batteries (LBBs) have virtually dominated the energy storage market for electronic products and electric vehicles. In these batteries, the critical roles of polymers cannot be ignored. In this article, state‐of‐the‐art developments and perspectives for improving the safety and stability of LBBs using polymers are summarized. These materials are particularly used as separator decorations, solid‐state electrolytes, binders, and fire retardants. Polymers exhibit excellent performance as binders for Si anodes because of their long chains and high adhesion ability. This review focuses on the application of polymers to Li–S batteries based on their fundamental electrochemistry and the challenges arising from the dissolution of polysulfides. In addition, the dendrite growth inhibition ability and mechanism of polymeric artificial solid electrolyte interphase film and solid‐state electrolytes are described. The performance of polymer as fire retardant and the mechanism for solid‐state polymer electrolytes are elaborated. Finally, the perspectives on the potential of polymers for LBBs and energy storage because of their outstanding plasticity and chemical controllability are presented.
Sustainable Macromolecular Materials in Flexible Electronics
Authors: Kılıçarslan Boğaç , Bozyel Ibrahim , Gökcen Dinçer , Bayram Cem 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith advances in electronics, the concept of flexible electronics has left traditional designs behind. Many concepts, such as sensors, transistors, soft robotics, data, and energy storage devices have begun to find more widespread and flexible areas of use. From this point of view, using environmentally friendly, abundant, and renewable natural materials that reduce carbon emissions in the production and disposal of these components is the first step toward the concept of sustainable flexible electronics. This review deals with the integration of sustainable natural materials obtained from plant, animal, and bacterial sources into sensors, displays, data storage, power generation, and soft robotic systems, with appropriate examples compiled from the last ten years. In addition, limitations in the use of sustainable materials as flexible electronic components and their potential for use in innovative electronic applications in the future are foreseen.
Stability analysis for stationary solutions of the Mullins–Sekerka flow with boundary contact
Authors: Garcke Harald , Rauchecker Maximilian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe first give a complete linearized stability analysis around stationary solutions of the Mullins–Sekerka flow with 90° contact angle in two space dimensions. The stationary solutions include flat interfaces, as well as arcs of circles. We investigate the different stability behaviour in dependence of properties of the stationary solution, such as its curvature and length, as well as the curvature of the boundary of the domain at the two contact points. We show that the behaviour changes in terms of these parameters, ranging from exponential stability to instability.We also give a first result on nonlinear stability for curved boundaries.
Diagnostic Value of Salivary Real‐Time Quaking‐Induced Conversion in Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Luan Mingyue , Sun Yunchuang , Chen Jing , Jiang Yanyan , Li Fan , Wei Luhua , Sun Wei , Ma Jinfa , Song Lu , Liu Jianghong , Liu Bing , Pei Yaohua , Wang Zhaoxia , Zhu Li , Deng Jianwen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAggregation of α‐synuclein (oligomeric α‐syn) has been considered as the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Studies showed oligomeric α‐syn/total α‐syn ratio was increased in the saliva of patients with PD, suggesting that seeding activity of salivary oligomeric α‐syn may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of PD and MSA.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of salivary α‐syn seeding activity in patients with PD and MSA.MethodsA total of 75 patients with PD, 18 patients with MSA, and 36 nonneurodegenerative healthy control subjects underwent salivary α‐syn real‐time quaking‐induced conversion (RT‐QuIC) assay.ResultsSalivary α‐syn RT‐QuIC assay distinguished patients with PD with 76.0% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 66.1–85.9) and 94.4% specificity (95% CI, 86.6–100.0). RT‐QuIC assay sensitivity reached 61.1% (95% CI, 36.2–86.1) in patients with MSA. No significant differences were observed in the diameter of salivary α‐syn fibrils examined by electron microscopy and in thioflavin T fluorescence intensity of salivary α‐syn fibrils detected by RT‐QuIC assay between patients with PD and MSA. Notably, the lag phase of RT‐QuIC assay from patients with PD was significantly shorter than that of patients with MSA, which might be clinically applicable to the discrimination between PD and MSA.ConclusionsSalivary α‐syn seeding activity may serve as a novel biomarker for the clinical diagnosis of PD and MSA.© 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society