bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Dental Caries and Erosive Tooth Wear in 117 Children and Adolescents' Anorexia Nervosa Population—A Case-Control Study
Authors: Paszynska Elzbieta , Hernik Amadeusz , Slopien Agnieszka , Roszak Magdalena , Jowik Katarzyna , Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika , Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor Marta 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionRestrictive type of anorexia nervosa (AN) is still one of the most severe eating disorders worldwide with an uncertain prognosis. Patients affected by AN should be encouraged to undertake psychiatric care and psychotherapy, but whether they should necessarily be included in careful dental care or not may still be questionable. Even though there is a constantly increasing number of AN studies, there are just a few data about the youngest group of AN children and adolescents aged &lt; 18.MethodologyThis case-control study aimed to compare the dental health and gingival inflammation level in female adolescent inpatients affected by severe AN restrictive subtype vs. controls. Based on clinically confirmed 117 AN cases (hospitalized in years 2016–2020 in public Psychiatric Unit, BMI &lt; 15 kg/m2, mean age 14.9 ± 1.8), the dental status has been examined regarding the occurrence of caries lesions using Decay Missing Filling Teeth (DMFT), erosive wear as Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE), gingival condition as Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and plaque deposition as Plaque Control Record (PCR). The results were compared with age-matched 103 female dental patients (BMI 19.8 ± 2.3 kg/m2, age 15.0 ± 1.8, p = 0.746) treated in a public University dental clinic.ResultsAN patients were found to present a higher incidence of oral-related complications according to dental status (DMFT 3.8 ± 4.5 vs. 1.9 ± 2.1, p = 0.005), erosive tooth wear (BEWE 18.9 vs. 2.9%, p &lt; 0.001), less efficient in controlling plaque (PCR 43.8 vs. 13.7%, p &lt; 0.001) and gingival inflammation (BOP 20.0 vs. 3.9%, p &lt; 0.001) compared with female adolescents. In the AN group, a significant correlation between BOP, BEWE, and duration of AN disease (p &lt; 0.05), similarly to the number of decayed teeth D, filled teeth F and PCR were detected (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough the obtained results did not reveal any severe oral status, our findings indicated impaired dental and gingival conditions in young anorexics. Considering AN's potential role in oral health, it is essential to monitor dental treatment needs and oral hygiene levels in their present status to prevent forward complications in the future.
Development and Validation of a Rapid Assessment Version of the Assessment Survey of Primary Care in China
Authors: Zhong Chenwen , Huang Junjie , Li Lina , Luo Zhuojun , Liang Cuiying , Zhou Mengping , Kuang Li 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundMeasuring quality of primary care has attracted much attention around the world. Our team has developed and validated an Assessment Survey of Primary Care (ASPC) for evaluating quality of primary care in China. To facilitate the daily use of ASPC, this study aimed to develop and validate a rapid assessment version of ASPC (RA-ASPC) in China.MethodsThis is a multi-phase study on 21 experts and 1,184 patients from 12 primary care facilities in 10 cities in China. Importance, representativeness, easy understanding, and general applicability of each item in ASPC scale were rated to select the top two ranked items for constituting RA-ASPC. Reliability of RA-ASPC was tested by calculating both Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega coefficients. Structural validity was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA). Concurrent validity was performed by analyzing the relationship between RA-ASPC and patient satisfaction. Discriminant validity was tested by assessing the difference of RA-ASPC scores between patients with or without family doctors.ResultsTen items were selected for RA-ASPC. Both Cronbach's alpha (0.732) and McDonald's omega (0.729) suggested satisfactory internal consistency. In EFA, explained variance of RA-ASPC (72.6%) indicated its ability to measure quality of primary care in China. CFA indicators showed convincing goodness-of-fit (GFI = 0.996, AGFI = 0.992, CFI = 1.000, NFI = 0.980, RMR = 0.022, and the RMSEA = 0.000) for RA-ASPC. Positive association between RA-ASPC and patient satisfaction supported the concurrent validity of RA-ASPC. Patients with family doctors perceived higher quality of primary care than those without family doctors, indicating good discriminant validity of RA-ASPC.ConclusionThe theoretical framework of RA-ASPC was in line with internationally recognized core functions of primary care. Good psychometric properties of RA-ASPC proved its appropriateness in assessing quality of primary care from patients' perspectives in China.
Empirical Study of Monthly Economic Losses Assessments for “Standard Unit Lockdown” Due to COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Houli , You Shibing , Zhang Miao , Chen Anqi , Hu Zengyun , Liu Ying , Liu Difei , Yuan Pei , Tan Yi 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe pandemic of COVID-19 has been shaping economic developments of the world. From the standpoint of government measures to prevent and control the epidemic, the lockdown was widely used. It is essential to access the economic losses in a lockdown environment which will provide government administration with a necessary reference for decision making in controlling the epidemic.MethodsWe introduce the concept of “standard unit incident” and an economic losses assessment methodology for both the standard and the assessed area. We build a “standard unit lockdown” economic losses assessment system and indicators to estimate the economic losses for the monthly lockdown. Using the comprehensive assessment system, the loss infected coefficient of monthly economic losses during lockdown in the 40 countries has been calculated to assess the economic losses by the entropy weighting method (EWM) with data from the CSMAR database and CDC website.ResultsWe observe that countries in North America suffered the most significant economic losses due to the epidemic, followed by South America and Europe, Asia and Africa, and Oceania and Antarctica suffered relatively minor economic losses. The top 10 countries for monthly economic losses during lockdown were the United States, India, Brazil, France, Turkey, Russia, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, and Germany. The United States suffered the greatest monthly economic losses under lockdown ($65.3 billion), roughly 1.5 times that of China, while Germany suffered the least ($56.4 billion), roughly 1.3 times that of China.ConclusionLockdown as a control and mitigation strategy has great impact on the economic development and causes huge economic losses. The economic impact due to the pandemic has varied widely among the 40 countries. It will be important to conduct further studies to compare and understand the differences and the reasons behind.
Multiple E-Region Radar Propagation Modes Measured by the VHF SIMONe Norway System During Active Ionospheric Conditions
Authors: Huyghebaert Devin , Clahsen Matthias , Chau Jorge L. , Renkwitz Toralf , Latteck Ralph , Johnsen Magnar G. , Vierinen Juha 
Published: May 2022

Multiple propagation modes between different bistatic radar links were measured during the operations of a very high frequency (VHF) 32.55 MHz radar system in northern Norway. The Spread Spectrum Interferometric Multistatic meteor radar Observing Network (SIMONe) Norway system detected meteor trails, direct transmitter to receiver signal propagation, over-the-horizon signal propagation from the SIMONe Germany system, ground and/or sea scatter, and ionospheric scatter on 27 August 2021 between 16:30–20:00 UT. These simultaneous detections were during an active ionospheric period with multiple occurrences of energetic charged particle precipitation. The SIMONe systems used continuous-wave (CW) pseudo-random phase modulated transmit signals and interferometry to make it possible to isolate each of these propagation modes and examine their characteristics. Different multistatic links at three receiver locations were analyzed, providing multistatic measurements of the regions with spatial and temporal resolutions on the order of 1.5 km and 2 s. The analysis techniques are described, with characteristics of the radar signal presented for each propagation mode and multistatic link. This study serves to highlight the capabilities of the SIMONe Norway system to research multiple aspects of ionospheric phenomena, specifically in the lower thermosphere-mesosphere boundary region.
A New Antirotation Strategy of K-Wire Tension Band Therapy for Patellar Fracture
Authors: Sun Fengpo , Zhang Yawen , Ji Quan , Zhang Tongyi , Zhu Yi , Zhang Ze , Han Ruining , Wen Liangyuan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPatellar fracture is a common phenomenon observed in orthopedic clinics. Many methods have been shown to be effective in the fixation of patellar fracture. However, there are few studies on the antirotation effect of these methods. The purpose of this study is to present a new strategy of K-wire tension band therapy for patellar fracture and explore the antirotation effect of the modified tension band method on patellar fracture.MethodsA retrospective clinical observation study was conducted on 75 patients with patellar fracture. Totally, 46 patients were enrolled to the traditional group, who received the traditional K-wire tension band therapy. The modified group included 29 patients on whom our new strategy was implemented. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and fracture healing time were collected to compare the two operations and the knee society score (KSS) scores after the operations, and complications were recorded and retrieved to indicate the effectiveness of the two treatments.ResultsThe preoperative baseline data (gender, age, fracture types) of the two groups showed no significant statistical difference. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and fracture healing time between the two groups. The KSS clinical scores 1 year after operation was 90 (84, 95) for the traditional group as compared with 99 (97, 100) for the modified group (p &lt; 0.05). The KSS functional scores 1 year after operation in the two groups were 90 (65, 90) and 100 (90, 100) (p &lt; 0.05). The incidences of complications due to the rotation of K-wires in the traditional group and the modified group were 76.1% (35 of 46) and 6.9% (2 of 29) with a significant statistical difference (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study shows that our modified tension band therapy is an effective strategy for antirotation in the treatment of patellar fracture and proves that it can achieve better clinical outcomes than the traditional K-wire tension band method. This new strategy may be a safe and effective clinical technique for the treatment of patellar fracture. However, more prospective randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are still needed to further prove its efficacy.
Novel Retrograde Tibial Intramedullary Nailing for Distal Tibial Fractures
Authors: Peng Bin , Wan Teng , Tan Wenfu , Guo Weiming , He Min 
Published: May 2022

PurposePostoperative distal tibial fractures are often associated with complications such as difficulties in fracture healing and surgical incision infection. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the fracture healing time and functional recovery after a retrograde tibial intramedullary nail treatment for distal tibial fractures.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 9 cases of patients with distal tibial fractures treated with retrograde intramedullary nailing (IMN). Fracture healing time was based on monthly postoperative x-ray imaging results, and functional outcomes were defined according to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score.ResultsAmong the 9 patients with distal tibial fractures from July 2020 to April 2021, the mean age was 51.8 ± 13.8 years. The classification of distal tibial fractures in the 9 patients according to OTA (Orthopaedic Trauma Association) includes 6 extra-articular fractures (3 of type A1, 2 of type A2, and 1 of type A3) and 3 intra-articular fractures (1 of type C1 and 2 of type C2). Among them, there were 5 closed fracture cases and 4 open fracture cases (according to Gustilo classification: 2 of type I, 2 of type II). We treated the fractures surgically with new retrograde tibial intramedullary nailing. The mean follow-up time for this group was 7.9 months (5–12 months). According to monthly postoperative radiographs performed to monitor fracture healing, the mean healing time was 3.3 months (3–4 months). Final postoperative function according to the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score shows 6 excellent cases, 3 good cases. No serious complications such as postoperative infection, bone and internal fixation exposure, osteofascial compartment syndrome, or vascular nerve injury occurred.ConclusionThe new retrograde tibial intramedullary nail (RTN) has some unique advantages, and its treatment of distal tibial fractures can achieve good efficacy, but further studies are still needed to verify it.
The Suitability of Potential Organ Donors Using Real Case-Scenarios; Do we Need to Create a “Donor Board” Process for Donors Perceived as Unlikely Suitable?
Authors: Marsolais Pierre , Larouche Gabrielle , Lagacé Anne-Marie , Williams Virginie , Serri Karim , Bernard Francis , Rico Philippe , Frenette Anne Julie , Williamson David , Albert Martin , Charbonney Emmanuel 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Despite availability of selection criteria, different interpretations can lead to variability in the appreciation of donor eligibility with possible viable organs missed. Our primary objective was to test the perception of feasibility of potential organ donors through the survey of a small sample of external evaluators.Methods: Clinical scenarios summarizing 66 potential donors managed in the first year of our Organ Recovery Center were sent to four critical care physicians to evaluate the feasibility of the potential donors and the probability of organ procurement.Results: Potential donors procuring at least one organ were identified in 55 of the 66 cases (83%). Unanimity was reached in 38 cases, encompassing 35 out of the 55 converted and 3 of the non-converted donors. The overall agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.82). For the organs finally procured for transplantation, organ donation was predicted for the majority of the cases, but high discrepancy was present with the final outcome of organs not procured (particularly liver and kidney).Conclusion: The assessment of a potential donor is a complex dynamic process. In order to increase organ availability, standardized electronically clinical data, as well a “donor board” structure of decision might inform future systems.
Post-Transplantation Early Blood Transfusion and Kidney Allograft Outcomes: A Single-Center Observational Study
Authors: Khedjat Kahina , Lenain Rémi , Hamroun Aghilès , Baes Dulciane , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam , Lopez Benjamin , Van Triempont Marine , Provôt François , Frimat Marie , Gibier Jean-Baptiste , Hazzan Marc , Maanaoui Mehdi 
Published: May 2022

The association between blood transfusion and the occurrence of de novo HLA donor specific antibodies (DSA) after kidney transplantation remains controversial. In this single-center observational study, we examined the association between early blood transfusion, i.e. before 1-month post-transplantation, and the risk of DSA occurrence, using Luminex based-methods. In total, 1,424 patients with a minimum of 1-month follow-up were evaluated between January 2007 and December 2018. During a median time of follow-up of 4.52 years, we observed 258 recipients who had at least one blood transfusion during the first month post-transplantation. At baseline, recipients in the transfused group were significant older, more sensitized against HLA class I and class II antibodies and had a higher 1-month serum creatinine. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses did not show any significant association between blood transfusion and the risk of de novo DSA occurrence (1.35 [0.86–2.11], p = 0.19), the risk of rejection (HR = 1.33 [0.94–1.89], p = 0.11), or the risk of graft loss (HR = 1.04 [0.73–1.50], p = 0.82). These data suggest then that blood transfusion may not be limited when required in the early phase of transplantation, and may not impact long-term outcomes.
High-Efficiency Continuous-Wave Ti:Sapphire Laser with High-Intensity Pumping Using a Commercially Available Crystal
Authors: Kawato Sakae , Kawashima Toshiki 
Published: May 2022

Despite the importance of improving the efficiency of lasers in order to expand their utility range, the improvement of the efficiency of Ti:sapphire lasers has not progressed due to their high crystal losses. Therefore, we improved the efficiency of CW Ti:sapphire lasers by high-intensity pumping, which is one of the most effective methods of suppressing the efficiency reduction due to losses. Using a easily commercially available 0.25 wt.%, figure of merit (FOM) 200 Ti:sapphire crystal, optics and a pump source, we achieved an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 32.4% with a slope efficiency of 42.5% at an incident pump power of 5.0 W which corresponds the maximum pumping intensity of 860 kW/cm2. Furthermore, we ensured the reliability of our theoretical analysis by reproducing the experimental results. From this reliable theory, double-pass pumping and increasing the pump power to 25 W resulted in the highest optical-to-optical conversion and slope efficiencies for the incident pump power of 55.9% and 59.6%, respectively, at a high intrinsic residual loss of 4.0%. Even if losses doubled or deviated from the optimum condition for the highest efficiency, the efficiency reduction due to these factors was only a few percent. These results show that with high-intensity pumping, lasers with efficiencies well exceeding half of the quantum limit can be achieved even if all components, including Ti:sapphire crystals, are easily commercially available.
The Relationship between Osteoinduction and Vascularization: Comparing the Ectopic Bone Formation of Five Different Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials
Authors: He Yun , Peng Yu , Liu Lishuang , Hou Sha , Mu Junyu , Lan Liang , Cheng Lijia , Shi Zheng 
Published: May 2022

Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the bone induction of five kinds of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) biomaterials implanted in mice and explore the vascularization and particle-size-related osteoinductive mechanism. Methods: The following five kinds of Ca-P biomaterials including hydroxyapatite (HA) and/or tricalcium phosphate (TCP) were implanted in the muscle of 30 BALB/c mice (n = 6): 20 nm HA (20HA), 60 nm HA (60HA), 12 µm HA (12HA), 100 nm TCP (100TCP) and 12 µm HA + 100 nm TCP (HATCP). Then, all animals were put on a treadmill to run 30 min at a 6 m/h speed each day. Five and ten weeks later, three mice of each group were killed, and the samples were harvested to assess the osteoinductive effects by hematoxylin eosin (HE), Masson’s trichrome and safranine–fast green stainings, and the immunohistochemistry of the angiogenesis and osteogenesis markers CD31 and type I collagen (ColI). Results: The numbers of blood vessels were 139 ± 29, 118 ± 25, 78 ± 15, 65 ± 14 in groups HATCP, 100TCP, 60HA and 20HA, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of group 12HA (12 ± 5) in week 5 (p < 0.05). The area percentages of new bone tissue were (7.33 ± 1.26)% and (8.49 ± 1.38)% in groups 100TCP and HATCP, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in groups 20HA (3.27 ± 0.38)% and 60HA (3.43 ± 0.27)% (p < 0.05); however, no bone tissue was found in group 12HA 10 weeks after transplantation. The expression of CD31 was positive in new blood vessels, and the expression of ColI was positive in new bone tissue. Conclusions: Nanoscale Ca-P biomaterials could induce osteogenesis in mice muscle, and the osteoinductive effects of TCP were about 124% higher than those of 20HA and 114% higher than those of 60HA. The particle size of the biomaterials affected angiogenesis and osteogenesis. There was a positive correlation between the number of blood vessels and the area percentage of new bone tissue; therefore, osteoinduction is closely related to vascularization. Our results provide an experimental basis for the synthesis of calcium–phosphorus matrix composites and for further exploration of the osteoinductive mechanism.
How communicating a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) impacts wellbeing: a retrospective community survey
Authors: Ogden Jane , Bridge Lucy 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with wellbeing. Many women report dissatisfaction with the diagnostic process.AimThis study assessed the impact of aspects of the diagnostic consultation on subsequent wellbeing.Design & settingA retrospective community survey.MethodFemales with PCOS (n = 147) completed measures of aspects of the diagnostic consultation (consultation satisfaction, language used in terms of framing and focus) and current wellbeing (body esteem, quality of life).ResultsMost diagnoses took place in primary care. The majority showed a medium degree of satisfaction with the consultation. Most diagnoses were framed using a neutral term ‘raised’ but many used the more judgemental term ‘abnormal’. The majority focused on taking oral contraception and weight management. Poorer body esteem (body dissatisfaction and dieting behaviour) and poorer quality of life (self-identity, concerns about fertility, physical health, hirsutism, and overall quality of life) were predicted by lower communication comfort during the diagnostic consultation and greater use of the word ‘raised’. Greater use of the word ‘irregular’ predicted greater concerns about fertility, greater focus on fertility predicted greater concerns about physical health, and greater focus on appearance predicted greater concerns about hirsutism.ConclusionHow a diagnosis of PCOS is delivered can impact subsequent wellbeing. The diagnostic consultation may take a few minutes, yet how these minutes are managed, what words are used, and how this makes the patient feel may change how the patient makes sense of their condition and influence the impact of the condition on their wellbeing for the longer term.
Carcinoma adenoide cístico / Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Paula Raiane Ferreira de , Simonato Luciana Estevam , Fernandes Karina Gonzalez Camara 
Published: May 2022

O carcinoma adenoide cístico (CAC) é a neoplasia maligna mais frequente das glândulas salivares menores, caracteriza-se clinicamente por ser de crescimento lento, a localização mais frequente é o palato duro. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho será discorrer sobre as principais características do CAC. Materiais e Métodos: Um levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nas seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, Bireme, Pubmed, empregando-se os termos descritores: “carcinoma”, "glândulas salivares” e “tumor”, associados entre si pelo operador booleano “AND”. Resultados: O CAC é um tipo de câncer (tumor basalóide), com início nas glândulas salivares, geralmente são pequenos, com crescimento lento. Sintomas incluem uma úlcera no palato, um nódulo na face ou pescoço, causando dor ou incapacidade de mover certos músculos. O diagnóstico conta com anamnese e exame patológico (biópsia, FNA). Sua terapia é baseada na ressecção cirúrgica. O carcinoma adenoide cístico é uma neoplasia maligna de difícil diagnóstico e com elevada morbimortalidade associada. Mesmo após o tratamento o paciente deve ser constantemente avaliado. Conclusão: Foi possível concluir que o CAC é considerado o quinto lugar das lesões epiteliais malignas das glândulas salivares, por isso torna-se tão importante um diagnóstico precoce e correto tratamento com o intuito de evitar metástases.