bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EU-Russian Relations and the Eastern Enlargement: Integration or Isolation
Authors: Bharti Mukesh Shankar 
Published: January 2022

Initially, in the first half of the 1990s, Russia’s plans to include the countries of the former Eastern bloc within the EU were not seen as a threat to its interests. Furthermore, in the context of NATO’s enlargement, some Russians regarded them as an advantageous alternative. Russia is aware that the EU enlargement with the Central and Eastern European states resulted in a present increase in the number of EU members supporting close trans-Atlantic relations. Moscow’s fears of further EU enlargement were softened due to a dispute that continues to grow within the Union, regarding the rationale and limits of further enlargement, primarily for the Balkan states, Turkey, and the CIS states. Moscow expects that the reluctance of European societies towards further enlargement will inhibit this process.
The external relations dimension of the European Union's enlargement to Central and Eastern Europe has received surprisingly little attention despite the fact that in the long‐term the issues it raises may be far more important than those currently dominating the debate. Nowhere is this more likely to be correct than about Russia, for which the EU's enlargement poses a risk of increasing isolation from the rest of Europe. The danger of creating a new dividing line across Europe is widely recognised, and the challenge, therefore, is to find ways of ensuring that Russia can be fully integrated with Europe while almost certainly remaining outside the EU Itself. This article focuses on relations between the EU and Russia and addresses three fundamental questions: how Russia has responded to the prospect of the EU's eastern enlargement; the specific issues arising from expansion, and the kind of long‐term relationship that could develop between Russia and an enlarged EU.
Uso de metodologias ativas no ensino de enfermagem durante a pandemia pelo COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lôbo Ana Luiza Souza de Faria , Santos Amuzza Aylla Pereira dos , Comassetto Isabel , Farias Mariana Maria Pereira Cintra , Silva Nathalia Lima da 
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste artigo investigar o que tem sido produzido sobre Metodologias ativas em tempos de pandemia, no contexto do ensino em Enfermagem, através de uma revisão integrativa de literatura. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, com abordagem descritiva e retrospectiva, realizado através de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, estudo com coleta de dados realizada a partir de fontes secundárias, no período de junho de 2021. Resultados: utilizando a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) foram selecionados 05 para compor a amostra deste estudo. Sendo assim, destacamos que 3 eram estudos em português e 2, em inglês. O período de publicação entre 2020 e 2021. Discussão: após análise dos artigos surgiram duas categorias para melhor apresentação do conteúdo. Sendo elas: Utilização de metodologias ativas, estratégias de ensino e tecnologias no contexto de pandemia; e Desafios e obstáculos da modalidade remota para o ensino em Enfermagem durante a pandemia. Conclusão: é notório que o tema é uma crescente entre o meio acadêmico, pois envolve discente e docentes, que são peças fundamentais para aplicação e melhoria da metodologia a ser utilizada em sala de aula virtual.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI EFEKTIVITAS INSPEKTORAT JENDERAL KEMENTERIAN DALAM NEGERI DALAM PENGAWASAN PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH
Authors: Siregar Abel Rizky , Salomo Roy Valiant 
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Home Affairs in the supervision of the administration of local governance. This research uses the post-positivism paradigm with qualitative research methods. In-depth interviews and document studies were conducted to obtain the necessary data and information. The results of this study explain that the factors affecting the effectiveness of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Home Affairs in supervision the administration of local governance include structure, systems, strategy, style, staff, skills, and shared values. This is certainly by the elements contained in the 7S Mckinsey model that researchers use as a knife analysis in answering research questions. The results of the analysis revealed that the institutional structure was not yet matched, the still weak laws and regulations related to the supervision of the regional government, business processes were running well but the use of information technology was needed in building the supervision system, there was a need to strengthen planning to meet the needs of APIP to be met both in terms of the number and competence as well as the leadership style of the highest leadership is very participatory, democratic and can certainly support the development of existing work culture to increase the effectiveness of the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Home Affairs in supervision the administration of local governance.
Keywords: effectiveness, supervision, the administration of local governance
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN E-KINERJA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA PADA BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAERAH PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Lembong Renald Christo , Lukman Sampara , Madjid Udaya 
Published: January 2022

Dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja aparatur dan kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia serta menumbuhkan kreativitas dan inovasi kerja yang lebih tinggi pada pegawai sehingga Provinsi Sulawesi Utara menerapkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis web yang bernama e-Kinerja. Penilaian kinerja sangat berpengaruh terhadap efektivitas kerja pegawai pada Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Hal ini untuk mengetahui hasil kinerja dari seorang pegawai apakah meningkat atau menurun. Rendahnya kualitas kinerja dari pegawai dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa aspek diantaranya adalah belum optimalnya tugas pokok dan fungsi dalam pekerjaan yang ada pada masing-masing bidang dan juga kurangnya ketepatan waktu dalam pelaksanaan e-kinerja, dengan indikator pengukuran efektivitas yaitu Ketepatan Waktu yang merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat dalam penerapan e-Kinerja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi, wawancara dan dokumetasi terhadap sumber data yang telah ditentukan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penerapan e-Kinerja pada Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Utara berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi kerja pegawai dan mampu meningkatkan kepuasan kerja yang didapatkan.
MARKETING DIGITAL CAMPAIGN DALAM MEMBANGUN STARTUP MELALUI INFLUENCER PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Purwatiningsih Sri Desti 
Published: January 2022

Maraknya usaha rintisan startup yang banyak dibangun oleh kaum milenian disaat terjadinya pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda hampir di seluruh negara di dunia saat ini telah ikut membantu meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat. Kampanye pemasaran digital melalui micro influencer juga telah meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi digital. Peran micro celebrity sebagai influencer dalam usaha startup semakin meramaikan dunia pemasaran digital. Berbagai online shop maupun marketplace baru bermunculan, kaum milenial yang menguasai teknologi mulai menciptakan konten-konten kreatif serta perangkat yang mumpuni untuk mendukung persaingan di dunia e-commerce. Penelitian ini menggunakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) atau kajian studi kepustakaan, yaitu metode penelitian untuk melakukan identifikasi, evaluasi dan interpretasi terhadap semua hasil penelitian yang relevan terkait pertanyaan penelitian tertentu, topik tertentu, atau fenomena yang menjadi perhatian penulis.
Mitral Annular Forces and Their Potential Impact on Annuloplasty Ring Selection
Authors: Jedrzejczyk Johannes H. , Carlson Hanse Lisa , Javadian Shadi , Skov Søren N. , Hasenkam J. Michael , Thørnild Marcell J. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To provide an overview that describes the characteristics of a mitral annuloplasty device when treating patients with a specific type of mitral regurgitation according to Carpentier's classification of mitral regurgitation.Methods: Starting with the key search term “mitral valve annuloplasty,” a literature search was performed utilising PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies. A systematic approach was used to assess all publications.Results: Mitral annuloplasty rings are traditionally categorised by their mechanical compliance in rigid-, semi-rigid-, and flexible rings. There is a direct correlation between remodelling capabilities and rigidity. Thus, a rigid annuloplasty ring will have the highest remodelling capability, while a flexible ring will have the lowest. Rigid- and semi-rigid rings can furthermore be divided into flat and saddled-shaped rings. Saddle-shaped rings are generally preferred over flat rings since they decrease annular and leaflet stress accumulation and provide superior leaflet coaptation. Finally, mitral annuloplasty rings can either be complete or partial.Conclusions: A downsized rigid- or semi-rigid ring is advantageous when higher remodelling capabilities are required to correct dilation of the mitral annulus, as seen in type I, type IIIa, and type IIIb mitral regurgitation. In type II mitral regurgitation, a normosized flexible ring might be sufficient and allow for a more physiological repair since there is no annular dilatation, which diminishes the need for remodelling capabilities. However, mitral annuloplasty ring selection should always be based on the specific morphology in each patient.
Subclinical Hypothyroidism as the Most Common Thyroid Dysfunction Status in Children With Down’s Syndrome
Authors: Szeliga Kamila , Antosz Aleksandra , Skrzynska Karolina , Kalina-Faska Barbara , Januszek-Trzciakowska Aleksandra , Gawlik Aneta 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionThyroid dysfunctions are one of the most common abnormalities coexisting in children with Down’s syndrome (DS) and have been reported in up to 54% of cases.Aim of the StudyThe purposes of this retrospective study were to investigate the course of subclinical hypothyroidism in children with DS, to evaluate the thyroid function of these subjects in relation to the risk of developing overt thyroid disease and autoimmunity, and to identify clinical and biochemical characteristics of patients prescribed L-T4 therapy in children and adolescents with DS and SH.Material and MethodsThe records of DS patients referred to the Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic between 2010 and 2015 for screening of thyroid function were observed till the end of 2019 June and analyzed retrospectively. The children diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and seizures and treated with drugs that may have interfered with thyroid function like lithium, antiepileptic, or iodinated drugs and glucocorticoids were excluded from the study.ResultsThe data of 77 DS patients were collected, evaluated, and analyzed. The study group consisted of 73 patients (32 girls and 41 boys with the mean age at baseline of 3.0 ± 4.5 years). A total of 63/73 (87%) children were diagnosed with SH. The 16/63 (25.4%) patients were followed-up without the treatment (group SH-T0), and therapy with levothyroxine (L-T4) was introduced in 47/63 (74.6%) SH children with a mean dosage of 1.8 ± 1.0 μg/kg/day (group SH-T1). Thyroxine supplementation did not improve growth expressed as ΔhSDS (0.1 ± 1.3, ranged −2.1 to 3.8 in SH-T0 vs. 0.0 ± 0.7, ranged −1.7 to 1.4 in SH-T1, p = 0.96) and ΔBMI Z-score (0.3 ± 0.9, ranged −0.9 to 2.6 in SH-T0 vs. 0.3 ± 1.1, ranged −2.1 to 2.9 in SH-T1, p = 0.65). Positive anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies were detected in 7/63 (11.1%) DS cases.ConclusionsSH is the most frequent presentation of thyroid gland dysfunction in DS children. A small percentage of patients develop an overt hypothyroidism, particularly in females with mostly positive titer of antithyroid autoantibodies.
Comprehensive Analysis to Identify SPP1 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Zhao Kaidi , Ma Zhou , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2022

Background:SPP1, secreted phosphoprotein 1, is a member of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein (SIBLING) family. Previous studies have proven SPP1 overexpressed in a variety of cancers and can be identified as a prognostic factor, while no study has explored the function and carcinogenic mechanism of SPP1 in cervical cancer.Methods: We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between SPP1 expression and pan-cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Next, we validated SPP1 expression of cervical cancer in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including GSE7803, GSE63514, and GSE9750. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the feasibility of SPP1 as a differentiating factor by the area under curve (AUC) score. Cox regression and logistic regression were performed to evaluate factors associated with prognosis. The SPP1-binding protein network was built by the STRING tool. Enrichment analysis by the R package clusterProfiler was used to explore potential function of SPP1. The single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) method from the R package GSVA and TIMER database were used to investigate the association between the immune infiltration level and SPP1 expression in cervical cancer.Results: Pan-cancer data analysis showed that SPP1 expression was higher in most cancer types, including cervical cancer, and we got the same result in the GEO database. The ROC curve suggested that SPP1 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker (AUC = 0.877). High SPP1 expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) (P = 0.032). Further enrichment and immune infiltration analysis revealed that high SPP1 expression was correlated with regulating the infiltration level of neutrophil cells and some immune cell types, including macrophage and DC.Conclusion:SPP1 expression was higher in cervical cancer tissues than in normal cervical epithelial tissues. It was significantly associated with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration. Thus, SPP1 may become a promising prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer patients.
SERPINH1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltration: A Pan-Cancer Analysis
Authors: Wang Yu , Gu Weigang , Wen Weiwei , Zhang Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2022

Background: Serpin peptidase inhibitor clade H, member 1 (SERPINH1) is a gene encoding a member of the serpin superfamily of serine proteinase inhibitors. The upregulated of SERPINH1 was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer, stomach adenocarcinoma, and esophageal carcinoma. However, the role of SERPINH1 in pan-cancer is largely unexplored.Methods: SERPINH1 expression and the correlation with prognosis in human pan-cancer were analyzed by the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression dataset. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to evaluate the role of SERPINH1 expression in tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair (MMR), DNA methyltransferase, and common immunoregulators. Spearman’s correlation test was used to analysis SERPINH1 expression in tumor immune infiltration and infiltrating immune cells via the Tumor Immune Evaluation Resource database. Furtherly, immunohistochemistry staining of SERPINH1 was acquired from the Human Protein Atlas database for validation.Results: SERPINH1 was abnormally expressed in fourteen cancers. The high expression of SERPINH1 significantly reduced the overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, and progression free interval in eleven cancers. Moreover, SERPINH1 expression was correlated with MMR, MSI, TMB, and DNA methylation in multiple types of cancer. Also, SERPINH1 expression showed strong association with immunoregulators and immune checkpoint markers in testicular germ cell tumors, brain lower grade glioma (LGG), pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. In addition, SERPINH1 expression was related to immune cell infiltration in multiple cancers, particularly in breast invasive carcinoma, LGG, and liver hepatocellular carcinoma. The result of immunohistochemistry verification shown that SERPINH1 staining was higher in tumor samples than in normal tissue in colon adenocarcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma and cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which was consistent with the result of OS.Conclusion: Overall, these results indicate that SERPINH1 may serve as an important prognostic biomarker and correlate with tumor immunity in human pan-cancer.
Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis Identifies Vitamin D-Associated Gene Modules in Adult Normal Rectal Epithelium Following Supplementation
Authors: Blackmur James P. , Vaughan-Shaw Peter G. , Donnelly Kevin , Harris Bradley T. , Svinti Victoria , Ochocka-Fox Anna-Maria , Freile Paz , Walker Marion , Gurran Toby , Reid Stuart , Semple Colin A. , Din Farhat V. N. , Timofeeva Maria , Dunlop Malcolm G. , Farrington Susan M. 
Published: January 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common, multifactorial disease. While observational studies have identified an association between lower vitamin D and higher CRC risk, supplementation trials have been inconclusive and the mechanisms by which vitamin D may modulate CRC risk are not well understood. We sought to perform a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify modules present after vitamin D supplementation (when plasma vitamin D level was sufficient) which were absent before supplementation, and then to identify influential genes in those modules. The transcriptome from normal rectal mucosa biopsies of 49 individuals free from CRC were assessed before and after 12 weeks of 3200IU/day vitamin D (Fultium-D3) supplementation using paired-end total RNAseq. While the effects on expression patterns following vitamin D supplementation were subtle, WGCNA identified highly correlated genes forming gene modules. Four of the 17 modules identified in the post-vitamin D network were not preserved in the pre-vitamin D network, shedding new light on the biochemical impact of supplementation. These modules were enriched for GO terms related to the immune system, hormone metabolism, cell growth and RNA metabolism. Across the four treatment-associated modules, 51 hub genes were identified, with enrichment of 40 different transcription factor motifs in promoter regions of those genes, including VDR:RXR. Six of the hub genes were nominally differentially expressed in studies of vitamin D effects on adult normal mucosa organoids: LCN2, HLA-C, AIF1L, PTPRU, PDE4B and IFI6. By taking a gene-correlation network approach, we have described vitamin D induced changes to gene modules in normal human rectal epithelium in vivo, the target tissue from which CRC develops.
Immunoprofiling Reveals Novel Mast Cell Receptors and the Continuous Nature of Human Lung Mast Cell Heterogeneity
Authors: Rönnberg Elin , Boey Daryl Zhong Hao , Ravindran Avinash , Säfholm Jesper , Orre Ann-Charlotte , Al-Ameri Mamdoh , Adner Mikael , Dahlén Sven-Erik , Dahlin Joakim S. , Nilsson Gunnar 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundImmunohistochemical analysis of granule-associated proteases has revealed that human lung mast cells constitute a heterogeneous population of cells, with distinct subpopulations identified. However, a systematic and comprehensive analysis of cell-surface markers to study human lung mast cell heterogeneity has yet to be performed.MethodsHuman lung mast cells were obtained from lung lobectomies, and the expression of 332 cell-surface markers was analyzed using flow cytometry and the LEGENDScreen™ kit. Markers that exhibited high variance were selected for additional analyses to reveal whether they were correlated and whether discrete mast cell subpopulations were discernable.ResultsWe identified the expression of 102 surface markers on human lung mast cells, 23 previously not described on mast cells, of which several showed high continuous variation in their expression. Six of these markers were correlated: SUSD2, CD49a, CD326, CD34, CD66 and HLA-DR. The expression of these markers was also correlated with the size and granularity of mast cells. However, no marker produced an expression profile consistent with a bi- or multimodal distribution.ConclusionsLEGENDScreen analysis identified more than 100 cell-surface markers on mast cells, including 23 that, to the best of our knowledge, have not been previously described on human mast cells. The comprehensive expression profiling of the 332 surface markers did not identify distinct mast cell subpopulations. Instead, we demonstrate the continuous nature of human lung mast cell heterogeneity.
A Deep Learning Approach to Design and Discover Sustainable Cementitious Binders: Strategies to Learn From Small Databases and Develop Closed-form Analytical Models
Authors: Han Taihao , Ponduru Sai Akshay , Cook Rachel , Huang Jie , Sant Gaurav , Kumar Aditya 
Published: January 2022

To reduce the energy-intensity and carbon footprint of Portland cement (PC), the prevailing practice embraced by concrete technologists is to partially replace the PC in concrete with supplementary cementitious materials [SCMs: geological materials (e.g., limestone); industrial by-products (e.g., fly ash); and processed materials (e.g., calcined clay)]. Chemistry and content of the SCM profoundly affect PC hydration kinetics; which, in turn, dictates the evolutions of microstructure and properties of the [PC + SCM] binder. Owing to the substantial diversity in SCMs’ compositions–plus the massive combinatorial spaces, and the highly nonlinear and mutually-interacting processes that arise from SCM-PC interactions–state-of-the-art computational models are unable to produce a priori predictions of hydration kinetics or properties of [PC + SCM] binders. In the past 2 decades, the combination of Big data and machine learning (ML)—commonly referred to as the fourth paradigm of science–has emerged as a promising approach to learn composition-property correlations in materials (e.g., concrete), and capitalize on such learnings to produce a priori predictions of properties of materials with new compositions. Notwithstanding these merits, widespread use of ML models is hindered because they: 1) Require Big data to learn composition-property correlations, and, in general, large databases for concrete are not publicly available; and 2) Function as black-boxes, thus providing little-to-no insights into the materials laws like theory-based analytical models do. This study presents a deep learning (DL) model capable of producing a priori, high-fidelity predictions of composition- and time-dependent hydration kinetics and phase assemblage development in [PC + SCM] pastes. The DL is coupled with: 1) A fast Fourier transformation algorithm that reduces the dimensionality of training datasets (e.g., kinetic datasets), thus allowing the model to learn intrinsic composition-property correlations from a small database; and 2) A thermodynamic model that constrains the model, thus ensuring that predictions do not violate fundamental materials laws. The training and outcomes of the DL are ultimately leveraged to develop a simple, easy-to-use, closed-form analytical model capable of predicting hydration kinetics and phase assemblage development in [PC + SCM] pastes, using their initial composition and mixture design as inputs.