bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the Straight Retrograde Intramedullary Nail for Tibiotalocalcaneal Arthrodesis: A Single-Institution, Single-Surgeon, Single-Implant Retrospective Series
Authors: Phillips McLeod , Bullock Garrett , Scott Aaron 
Published: September 2022

Background: The hindfoot fusion nail has become a popular implant for tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodeses given its rigidity, ease of insertion, and potential for less invasive surgical approaches. The purpose of this study was to evaluate fusion and complication rates following the use of a straight, retrograde intramedullary nail for TTC arthrodeses, and the influence of diabetes and smoking on these results. Methods: A review of patient cases performed by a single surgeon at a single institution was performed. Variables included age, comorbidities, smoking history, BMI, hemoglobin A1c, preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale pain scores, assessment of healing, and complications. Relative and absolute risk were assessed for smoking, diabetes, fusion, and surgical complications through risk ratios. Cox proportional hazards survival analyses were performed to assess the effects of smoking and diabetes on fusion rates and complications. Linear regressions were performed to investigate the effects of smoking and diabetes on patient-reported pain levels. Results: Of 103 patients, there were 37 cigarette smokers and 30 diabetic patients. Eighty-three patients achieved union of all involved joints and 19 patients achieved union of 1 or 2 joints. Smokers demonstrated a 1.46 (risk ratio) (95% CI 1.03-2.07) times greater risk of nonunion but were not at an increased risk of experiencing surgical complications (0.86, 95% CI 0.56-1.33). Diabetic patients did not demonstrate an increased risk of nonunion (0.86, 95% CI 0.56-1.33) or complications (1.18, 95% CI 0.76-1.83). Conclusion: Because of increased nonunion risk, patients undergoing elective tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis should be counseled increased nonunion risks associated with smoking. In this series, we did not find a relationship between diabetes and complications or nonunion. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
pHisPred: a tool for the identification of histidine phosphorylation sites by integrating amino acid patterns and properties
Authors: Zhao Jian , Zhuang Minhui , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Meng , Zeng Cong , Jiang Bin , Wu Jing , Song Xiaofeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Protein histidine phosphorylation (pHis) plays critical roles in prokaryotic signal transduction pathways and various eukaryotic cellular processes. It is estimated to account for 6–10% of the phosphoproteome, however only hundreds of pHis sites have been discovered to date. Due to the inherent disadvantages of experimental methods, it is an urgent task for developing efficient computational approaches to identify pHis sites.

Results
Here, we present a novel tool, pHisPred, for accurately identifying pHis sites from protein sequences. We manually collected the largest number of experimental validated pHis sites to build benchmark datasets. Using randomized tenfold CV, the weighted SVM-RBF model shows the best performance than other four commonly used classification models (LR, KNN, RF, and MLP). From ten thousands of features, 140 and 150 most informative features were individually selected out for eukaryotic and prokaryotic models. The average AUC and F1-score values of pHisPred were (0.81, 0.40) and (0.78, 0.46) for tenfold CV on the eukaryotic and prokaryotic training datasets, respectively. In addition, pHisPred significantly outperforms other tools on testing datasets, in particular on the eukaryotic one.

Conclusion
We implemented a python program of pHisPred, which is freely available for non-commercial use at https://github.com/xiaofengsong/pHisPred. Moreover, users can use it to train new models with their own data.
Prevalence of pain and its association with quality of life of patients with heart failure in a developing country: findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Mhesin Deema , Nazzal Hadeel , Amerah Jalilah , Azamtta Murad , Ismail Yahia , Daralammouri Yunis , Abdalla Mazen A. , Jaber Mohammad M. , Koni Amer A. , Zyoud Sa’ed H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure (HF) is considered one of the main causes of morbidity and death among chronic diseases worldwide. Patients have increasingly reported chronic pain in long-standing heart failure as a disturbing symptom. Its unknown etiology and mechanism, in addition to its insidious progressive nature, made both the doctor and the patient not notice it until it affects the quality of life (QoL) and general health status. The primary objective of this study is to find the prevalence of pain in chronic heart failure patients and its impact on their QoL. The secondary objective is to determine the predictors of QoL in HF patients.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional design was used. The European Quality of Life scale five dimensions scale and the Brief Pain Inventory were adopted to evaluate QoL and pain, respectively. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25 was applied to present the data. The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Cronbach alpha tests were used.ResultsThe final study had a total of 142 individuals. The prevalence of pain among HF patients was 84.5%. Knee pain was the main complaint among patients. Our patients' median pain severity score was 18 [5.00–25.00], while the median pain interference score was 39 [24.75–53.00]. They had a median EQ-5D score of 0.34 [0.0–0.6] and an EQ-VAS score of 50 [30–70]. Pain severity (p = 0.004 andp < 0.001, respectively) and pain interference (p < 0.001 andp = 0.001, respectively) were found to significantly associated with both QoL scores; the visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) and EQ-5D-5L. In multivariate analysis, monthly income was the only variable significantly correlated with EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-5L, along with pain variables.ConclusionsPain is a common symptom among patients with HF and is significantly associated with their QoL. Low income is also highly associated with poor QoL. Definitive guidelines should be achieved to increase awareness and understanding of the importance of pain management, reaching a higher QoL level, less pain, and good adherence to HF medications.
Validating ORR and PFS as surrogate endpoints in phase II and III clinical trials for NSCLC patients: difference exists in the strength of surrogacy in various trial settings
Authors: Hua Tiantian , Gao Yuan , Zhang Ruyang , Wei Yongyue , Chen Feng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to systematically validate the performance of surrogate endpoints in phase II and III clinical trials for NSCLC patients under various trial settings.

Methods
A literature search retrieved all registered phase II and III trials of NSCLC patients in which OS, with at least one of ORR and PFS, were reported. Associations between surrogate and true endpoints were assessed on two levels. On the arm level, three pairs of correlations, i.e., ORR vs. median OS, ORR vs. median PFS, and median PFS vs. median OS, were analysed using Spearman’s rho. On the trial level, similarly, three pairs of correlations, i.e., ΔORR vs. HR of OS, ΔORR vs. HR of PFS, and HR of PFS vs. HR of OS, were analysed using Spearman’s rho and weighted linear regression model respectively. Finally, sensitivity analyses were performed to explore surrogacy under various trial settings.

Results
At arm level, three pairs of correlations are all high (Spearman’s rho = 0.700, 0.831, 0.755, respectively). At trial level, there is a low correlation between ΔORR and HR of OS, a high correlation between ΔORR and HR of PFS and a moderate correlation between HR of PFS and HR of OS (Spearman’s rho = 0.462, 0.764, 0.584, respectively). In the sensitivity analysis, we find correlations between surrogate and true endpoints vary by different trial settings. It is noteworthy that the strength of surrogacy of these intermediate endpoints in targeted therapy is greater than that in immunotherapy.

Conclusion
According to the arm-level and trial level-analysis, we suggest that in phase II and III trials of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for NSCLC patients: 1) ORR lacks validity for the surrogacy of OS, excluding in first-line therapy, and 2) ORR may be an appropriate surrogate endpoint for PFS, and 3) PFS may be considered a modest surrogacy for OS, with better performance in first-line therapy trials. Moreover, to provide more convincing evidence of surrogacy of the surrogate endpoints, patient-level analyses are in desperate need.
An exploration into physician and surgeon data sensemaking: a qualitative systematic review using thematic synthesis
Authors: Whitelock-Wainwright Emma , Koh Jia Wei , Whitelock-Wainwright Alexander , Talic Stella , Rankin David , Gašević Dragan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProviding electronic health data to medical practitioners to reflect on their performance can lead to improved clinical performance and quality of care. Understanding the sensemaking process that is enacted when practitioners are presented with such data is vital to ensure an improvement in performance. Thus, the primary objective of this research was to explore physician and surgeon sensemaking when presented with electronic health data associated with their clinical performance. A systematic literature review was conducted to analyse qualitative research that explored physicians and surgeons experiences with electronic health data associated with their clinical performance published between January 2010 and March 2022. Included articles were assessed for quality, thematically synthesised, and discussed from the perspective of sensemaking. The initial search strategy for this review returned 8,829 articles that were screened at title and abstract level. Subsequent screening found 11 articles that met the eligibility criteria and were retained for analyses. Two articles met all of the standards within the chosen quality assessment (Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research, SRQR). Thematic synthesis generated five overarching themes: data communication, performance reflection, infrastructure, data quality, and risks. The confidence of such findings is reported using CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research). The way the data is communicated can impact sensemaking which has implications on what is learned and has impact on future performance. Many factors including data accuracy, validity, infrastructure, culture can also impact sensemaking and have ramifications on future practice. Providing data in order to support performance reflection is not without risks, both behavioural and affective. The latter of which can impact the practitioner’s ability to effectively make sense of the data. An important consideration when data is presented with the intent to improve performance.Registration This systematic review was registered with Prospero, registration number: CRD42020197392.
Atheroprone fluid shear stress-regulated ALK1-Endoglin-SMAD signaling originates from early endosomes
Authors: Mendez Paul-Lennard , Obendorf Leon , Jatzlau Jerome , Burdzinski Wiktor , Reichenbach Maria , Nageswaran Vanasa , Haghikia Arash , Stangl Verena , Hiepen Christian , Knaus Petra 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Fluid shear stress enhances endothelial SMAD1/5 signaling via the BMP9-bound ALK1 receptor complex supported by the co-receptor Endoglin. While moderate SMAD1/5 activation is required to maintain endothelial quiescence, excessive SMAD1/5 signaling promotes endothelial dysfunction. Increased BMP signaling participates in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation culminating in vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. While the function of Endoglin has so far been described under picomolar concentrations of BMP9 and short-term shear application, we investigated Endoglin under physiological BMP9 and long-term pathophysiological shear conditions.

Results
We report here that knock-down of Endoglin leads to exacerbated SMAD1/5 phosphorylation and atheroprone gene expression profile in HUVECs sheared for 24 h. Making use of the ligand-trap ALK1-Fc, we furthermore show that this increase is dependent on BMP9/10. Mechanistically, we reveal that long-term exposure of ECs to low laminar shear stress leads to enhanced Endoglin expression and endocytosis of Endoglin in Caveolin-1-positive early endosomes. In these endosomes, we could localize the ALK1-Endoglin complex, labeled BMP9 as well as SMAD1, highlighting Caveolin-1 vesicles as a SMAD signaling compartment in cells exposed to low atheroprone laminar shear stress.

Conclusions
We identified Endoglin to be essential in preventing excessive activation of SMAD1/5 under physiological flow conditions and Caveolin-1-positive early endosomes as a new flow-regulated signaling compartment for BMP9-ALK1-Endoglin signaling axis in atheroprone flow conditions.
Impact of community and provider-driven social accountability interventions on contraceptive uptake in Ghana and Tanzania
Authors: Steyn Petrus S. , Cordero Joanna Paula , Nai Dela , Shamba Donat , Fuseini Kamil , Mrema Sigilbert , Habib Ndema , Nguyen My Huong , Kiarie James 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Social accountability, which is defined as a collective process for holding duty bearers and service providers to account for their actions, has shown positive outcomes in addressing the interrelated barriers to quality sexual and reproductive health services. The Community and Provider driven Social Accountability Intervention (CaPSAI) Project contributes to the evidence on the effects of social accountability processes in the context of a family planning and contraceptive programme.

Methods
A quasi-experimental study utilizing an interrupted time series design with a control group (ITS-CG) was conducted to determine the actual number of new users of contraception amongst women 15–49 years old in eight intervention and eight control facilities per country in Ghana and Tanzania. A standardized facility audit questionnaire was used to collect facility data and completed every year in both intervention and control groups in each country from 2018–2020.

Results
In Ghana, the two-segmented Poisson Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) model demonstrated no statistically significant difference at post-intervention, between the intervention and control facilities, in the level of uptake of contraceptives (excess level) (p-value = 0.07) or in the rate of change (excess rate) in uptake (p-value = 0.07) after adjusting for baseline differences. Similarly, in Tanzania, there was no statistical difference between intervention and control facilities, in the level of uptake of contraceptives (excess level) (p-value = 0.20), with the rate of change in uptake (p-value = 0.05) after adjusting for the baseline differences. There was no statistical difference in the level of or rate of change in uptake in the two groups in a sensitivity analysis excluding new users recruited in outreach activities in Tanzania.

Conclusions
The CAPSAI project intervention did not result in a statistically significant increase in uptake of contraceptives as measured by the number of or increase in new users. In evaluating the impact of the intervention on the intermediate outcomes such as self-efficacy among service users, trust and countervailing power among social groups/networks, and responsiveness of service providers, cases of change and process evaluation should be considered.

Trial registration
The CaPSAI Project has been registered at the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000378123, 11/03/2019).
Desmoid-type fibromatosis in the setting of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: a case report of two rare diseases
Authors: Gregory Stephanie N. , Satterwhite Audra A. , Alexander H. Richard , Blakely Andrew M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) is a rare benign lesion that usually arises from the abdominal wall or extremities and rarely from the mesentery or intrabdominal organs. Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is also a rare, yet aggressive disease. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of desmoid-type fibromatosis in the setting of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

Case presentation
An early 30-year-old female was referred to our center for large intra-abdominal mass concerning for recurrent malignant peritoneal mesothelioma after previous cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Further investigation revealed a large mesenteric mass, which was resected en bloc with the cecum and terminal ileum. Pathologic findings confirmed a surprising diagnosis of desmoid-type fibromatosis.

Conclusions
No adjuvant therapy was offered to this patient due to negative tumor margins; however, close follow-up will be provided for recurrence of both malignant peritoneal mesothelioma and desmoid-type fibromatosis, which can be differentiated in the future via biopsy in this patient.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Positive Thinking Scale in individuals after hip fracture surgery
Authors: Chien Ching-Hui , Huang Yi-Wen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPositive thinking is a form of positive cognition and a coping strategy. The Positive Thinking Scale (PTS) is used to measure positive thinking, but the reliability and validity of the PTS-Chinese have yet to be tested. This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the PTS-Chinese. A total of 154 patients post-hip fracture surgery completed the questionnaire in a hospital in Taiwan between April 2020 and December 2020. The scales in the questionnaire included the PTS, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Positive, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative, Barthel Index, and items related to happiness, demographics, and disease treatment. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis and average variance extracted show that the PTS-Chinese version exhibits construct validity. Scores on the PTS-Chinese version are positively related to scores on the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Positive and happiness items and negatively related to scores on the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Negative. This finding indicates that the PTS-Chinese demonstrates concurrent, predictive, and discriminant validity. The scale also presents acceptable reliability and test–retest reliability. Overall, the PTS-Chinese can be used to evaluate and track the positive thinking of patients. Further studies are needed to assess the psychometric properties of the PTS-Chinese in different cultures and ethnic groups.
Three-dimensional bioprinting of mucoadhesive scaffolds for the treatment of oral mucosal lesions; an in vitro study
Authors: Koopaie Maryam , Nassar Duha Hayder Mohammad Ali , Shokrolahi Mahvash 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic oral lesions could be a part of some diseases, including mucocutaneous diseases, immunobullous diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and graft versus host diseases. Systemic steroids are an effective treatment, but they cause unfavorable and even severe systemic side effects. Discontinuation of systemic corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive drugs leads to relapse, confirming the importance of long-term corticosteroid use. The present study aims to fabricate a mucoadhesive scaffold using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting for sustained drug delivery in oral mucosal lesions to address the clinical need for alternative treatment, especially for those who do not respond to routine therapy.Methods3D bioprinting method was used for the fabrication of the scaffolds. Scaffolds were fabricated in three layers; adhesive/drug-containing, backing, and middle layers. For evaluation of the release profile of the drug, artificial saliva was used as the release medium. Mucoadhesive scaffolds were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and SEM surface reconstruction. The pH of mucoadhesive scaffolds and swelling efficacy were measured using a pH meter and Enslin dipositive, respectively. A microprocessor force gauge was used for the measurement of tensile strength. For the evaluation of the cytotoxicity, oral keratinocyte cells' survival rate was evaluated by the MTT method. Folding endurance tests were performed using a stable microsystem texture analyzer and analytic probe mini tensile grips.ResultsAll scaffolds had the same drug release trend; An initial rapid explosive release during the first 12 h, followed by a gradual release. The scaffolds showed sustained drug release and continued until the fourth day. The pH of the surface of the scaffolds was 5.3–6.3, and the rate of swelling after 5 h was 28 ± 3.2%. The tensile strength of the scaffolds containing the drug was 7.8 ± 0.12 MPa. The scaffolds were non-irritant to the mucosa, and the folding endurance of the scaffolds was over three hundred times.ConclusionThe scaffold fabricated using the 3D bioprinting method could be suitable for treating oral mucosal lesions.
Osteoporosis clinical practice guideline: romosozumab for treating severe osteoporosis – an update by the Egyptian Academy of Bone Health
Authors: Miedany Yasser El , Gadallah Naglaa Ali , Toth Mathias , Hassan Waleed , Elgaafary Maha , Hassan Mohamed , Eissa Mervat , Saber Sally , Elwakil Walaa , Mahran Safaa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
This is a Clinical Practice Guideline update released by the Egyptian Academy of Bone Health and Metabolic Bone Diseases. It does not replace the clinical practice guidelines published for the treatment of osteoporosis in 2021, but it entails specific recommendations and selective criteria for romosozumab as another pharmacological agent for treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. It has been issued, in part, due to the imminent approval of romosozumab in Egypt.

Main text
The guideline recommends the use of romosozumab, for up to 1 year, for the reduction of vertebral, hip, and non-vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with severe osteoporosis at very high risk of fracture/imminent fracture risk: defined as T-score less than − 2.5 and a prior hip or vertebral fracture in the past 24 months or a very high fracture risk, as identified by FRAX (FRAX major osteoporosis fracture > 30%, FRAX hip fracture > 4.5%). The recommended dosage of romosozumab is 210 mg monthly by subcutaneous injection for 12 months. For osteoporotic postmenopausal women who have completed a 12-month course of romosozumab, treatment with an anti-resorptive osteoporosis therapy is recommended to maintain bone mineral density gains and reduce fracture risk. The treatment is not recommended for women at high risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, which includes those with prior myocardial infarction or stroke.
In conclusion, strategies to osteoporosis management have been highly diversified, with bone health specialists have become able to set up treatment plan tailored to the individual patient’s requirement. Patients with severe osteoporosis at very high fracture risk need stronger therapeutic regimens to start with. Romosozumab endorses bone formation and suppresses bone resorption, leading to a greater anabolic window and a superior positive impact on bone mineral density.