bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sports activity and changes in physical fitness of Polish children and adolescents: OSF study
Authors: Baj-Korpak Joanna , Zaworski Kamil , Stelmach Marian J. , Lichograj Piotr , Wochna Marek 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPhysical activity promotion programs for children and adolescents should constitute the basis of any national health policy aiming to improve physical fitness, which is a significant health indicator in children, adolescents, adults as well as elderly persons.MethodsThe study included 1,230 children and adolescents aged 8–16 years (60.1% of girls) from Poland. Five hundred and twenty-seven persons covered by the survey (42.8%) participated in physical activity promotion called “Athletics for All!” (AFA) as an experimental group and 703 peers not participating in any forms of physical extra-curricular activities as a control group. Participants were measured for basic anthropometric parameters and body mass indices were calculated: Body Mass Index (BMI) and Ponderal Index (PI). Evaluation of physical fitness was made using the OSF Test (3 × 10 m shuttle run, standing broad jump, 1 kg medicine ball overhead throw, 4-min run). Comparative analysis between the experimental and control groups was carried out using the T-test for independent samples. Analysis of correlations between quantitative variables was performed with Pearson's r coefficient.ResultsStatistically significant differences in all the tests were noted between the experimental group (AFA) and the control group in favor of the former one. Taking into account reference ranges of BMI created according to the latest Polish norms, statistically significant differences were noted between the subgroups in all physical fitness tests. As far as PI is concerned, in the AFA group significant differences were noted in all physical fitness tests between subgroups created in accordance with the aforementioned norms.ConclusionThe findings of our study show that it is necessary to introduce physical activity promotion programs for children and adolescents. Such programs should constitute the basis of national health policy aiming at improving physical fitness among young people.
Efficacy and safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill for stable coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wei Jingjing , Ma Teng , Zhou Cheng , Hao Pengle , Li Bin , Wang Xinlu , Yu Rui , Zhu Mingjun , Wang Yongxia 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) still have a higher risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SBP) is widely used as a complementary and alternative treatment for SCAD. This study aimed to further verify the therapeutic effect and safety of SBP on SCAD.Methods: Seven databases were involved in this meta-analysis as of 1 June 2022. Data was collected from all the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the combination of SBP and conventional western medicine (CWM) in treating SCAD which was conducted by two independent authors. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2.0 (RoB2.0) tool, and the meta-analysis was accomplished with Review Manager 5.3. Furthermore, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) profiler 3.2.2 software was selected to grade the current evidence in our findings.Results: 42 articles, involving 6,694 patients were screened among all the 1,374 records in the analysis. The results demonstrated that the combination therapy was more efficient than CWM alone in lowering the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, RR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.68, p &lt; 0.00001) and ameliorating the total effective rate of angina symptom improvement (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.28, p &lt; 0.00001), the effective rate of electrocardiogram improvement (RR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.43, p &lt; 0.00001), the frequency of angina pectoris (MD = −2.83, 95% CI: −3.62 to −2.05, p &lt; 0.00001), and the duration of angina pectoris (MD = −1.32, 95% CI: −2.04 to −0.61, p = 0.0003). We also found that, after SBP treatment, a more positive blood lipid level and left ventricular ejection fraction without the increase in adverse cases were calculated in our meta-analysis. What’s more, Subgroup analysis indicated that treatment duration may be the source of heterogeneity. The certainty of the evidence for MACE, and electrocardiogram improvement exhibited moderate certainty, and the certainty of the evidence for the remaining outcomes was judged as low certainty. The trial sequential analysis further affirmed the clinical efficacy of SBP.Conclusion: The available evidence indicates that SBP may be an effective therapeutic option in patients with SCAD. However, considering the inferior quality and inconsistent results in the included trials, further rigorous RCTs are required.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier [CRD42022334529].
Patterns of statin adherence in primary cardiovascular disease prevention during the pandemic
Authors: Malo Sara , Maldonado Lina , Rabanaque María José , Gimeno-Miguel Antonio , Castel-Feced Sara , Lallana María Jesús , Aguilar-Palacio Isabel 
Published: November 2022

Background: Study of medication adherence patterns can help identify patients who would benefit from effective interventions to improve adherence.Objectives: To identify and compare groups of statin users based on their adherence patterns before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to characterize the profile of users in each group, and to analyze predictors of distinct adherence patterns.Methods: Participants of the CARhES (CArdiovascular Risk factors for HEalth Services research) cohort, comprising individuals aged &gt;16 years, residing in Aragón (Spain), with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia, took part in this observational longitudinal study. Individuals who began statin therapy during January–June 2019 were selected and followed up until June 2021. Those with a cardiovascular event before or during follow-up were excluded. Data were obtained from healthcare system data sources. Statin treatment adherence during the implementation phase was estimated bimonthly using the Continuous Medication Availability (CMA9) function in the AdhereR package. Group-based trajectory models were developed to group statin users according to their adherence pattern during July 2019–June 2021. Group characteristics were compared and predictors of each adherence pattern were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression.Results: Of 15,332 new statin users, 30.8% had a mean CMA9 ≥80% for the entire study period. Four distinct adherence patterns were identified: high adherence (37.2% of the study population); poor adherence (35.6%); occasional use (14.9%); and gradual decline (12.3%). The latter two groups included users who showed a change in adherence (increase or decrease) during the pandemic emergence. Users with suboptimal adherence were likely to be younger, not pensioners, not institutionalized, with low morbidity burden and a low number of comorbidities. Female sex and switching between statins of different intensity increased the likelihood of belonging to the occasional use group, in which improved adherence coincided with the pandemic.Conclusion: We identified four distinct adherence patterns in a population of new statin users; two of them modified their adherence during the pandemic. Characterization of these groups could enable more effective distribution of resources in future similar crisis and the routine implementation of patient-centered interventions to improve medication adherence.
Acute exercise reduces feeding by activating IL-6/Tubby axis in the mouse hypothalamus
Authors: de Oliveira Micheletti Thayana , Cassia dos Santos Andressa , Rocha Guilherme Zweig , Silva Vagner Ramon Rodrigues , Quaresma Paula Gabriele Fernandes , Assalin Heloisa Balan , Junqueira Felipe Silva , Ropelle Eduardo Rochete , Oliveira Alexandre Gabarra , Saad Mario Jose Abdalla , Prada Patricia de Oliveira 
Published: November 2022

Background: Acute exercise contributes to decreased feeding through leptin and interleukin/Janus kinase 2/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) signaling. Considering the pleiotropic use of substrates by JAK2 and that JAK2 can phosphorylate the Tubby protein (TUB) in CHO-IR cells, we speculated that acute exercise can activate the IL-6/JAK2/TUB pathway to decrease food intake.Aims: We investigated whether acute exercise induced tyrosine phosphorylation and the association of TUB and JAK2 in the hypothalamus and if IL-6 is involved in this response, whether acute exercise increases the IL-6/TUB axis to regulate feeding, and if leptin has an additive effect over this mechanism.Methods: We applied a combination of genetic, pharmacological, and molecular approaches.Key findings: The in vivo experiments showed that acute exercise increased the tyrosine phosphorylation and association of JAK2/TUB in the hypothalamus, which reduced feeding. This response was dependent on IL-6. Leptin had no additive effect on this mechanism.Significance: The results of this study suggest a novel hypothalamic pathway by which IL-6 released by exercise regulates feeding and reinforces the beneficial effects of exercise.
Nitrogen addition promotes early-stage and inhibits late-stage decomposition of fine roots in Pinus massoniana plantation
Authors: Wang Lijun , Shen Yafei , Cheng Ruimei , Xiao Wenfa , Zeng Lixiong , Sun Pengfei , Chen Tian , Zhang Meng 
Published: November 2022

Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has a profound impact on the ecosystem functions and processes. Fine root decomposition is an important pathway for the reentry of nutrients into the soil. However, the effect of N addition on root decomposition and its potential mechanism is not well understood with respect to root branch orders. In this study, we conducted a 30-month decomposition experiment of fine roots under different concentrations of N addition treatments (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha-1year-1, respectively) in a typicalPinus massonianaplantation in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China. In the early stage of decomposition (0−18 months), N addition at all concentrations promoted the decomposition of fine roots, and the average decomposition rates of order 1–2, order 3–4, order 5–6 fine roots were increased by 13.54%, 6.15% and 7.96% respectively. In the late stage of decomposition (18−30 months), high N addition inhibited the decomposition of fine root, and the average decomposition rates of order 1–2, order 3–4, order 5–6 fine roots were decreased by 58.35%, 35.43% and 47.56% respectively. At the same time, N addition promoted the release of lignin, carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) in the early-stage, whereas high N addition inhibited the release of lignin, C, N, and the activities of lignin-degrading enzyme (peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase) in the late-stage. The decomposition constant (k) was significantly correlated with the initial chemical quality of the fine roots and lignin-degrading enzyme activities. The higher-order (order 3–4 and order 5–6) fine roots decomposed faster than lower-order (order 1–2) fine roots due to higher initial cellulose, starch, sugar, C concentrations and higher C/N, C/P, lignin/N ratios and lower N, P concentrations. In addition, low N (30 kg N ha-1year-1) treatments decreased soil organic matter content, whereas high N (90 kg N ha-1year-1) treatment had the opposite effect. All the N treatments reduced soil pH and total P content, indicating that increased N deposition may led to soil acidification. Our findings indicated that the effect of N addition on decomposition varied with the decomposition stages. The decomposition difference between the lower-order and higher-order fine roots were controlled strongly by the initial chemical quality of the fine roots. This study provides new insights into understanding and predicting possible changes in plant root decomposition and soil properties in the future atmospheric N deposition increase scenarios.
Exercise motives among university students – A Brazil-Portugal transnational study
Authors: Campos Lucas Arrais , dos Santos Adrielly , Sampaio Mafalda Margarida Basto , Marôco João , Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIdentifying the motives why people exercise is interesting for the planning of effective health promoting strategies.ObjectivesTo estimate the psychometric properties of the exercise motivations inventory (EMI-2) in Brazilian and Portuguese university students, and to compare motive-related factors for exercise among students.MethodsOne thousand Brazilian (randomly splitted into “Test sample” [n = 498] and “Validation sample” [n = 502]) and 319 Portuguese students participated in this cross-sectional study. Motives for exercise were evaluated using EMI-2. Exploratory factor analysis was performed in the test sample. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was performed in the validation and Portuguese samples. The EMI-2 scores were compared according to sex, exercise, and weight status (ANOVA, α = 5%).ResultsEMI-2 factor model was explained by 5 factors and presented adequate fit (χ2/df ≤ 3.2; CFI ≥ 0.9; TLI ≥ 0.9; RMSEA ≤ 0.07; and α ≥ 0.83). The motives for exercising were mainly related to psychological and interpersonal factors for men, health-related factors for women, and body-related factors for overweight and obese individuals. People who practice exercise had higher EMI-2 scores.ConclusionThe 5-factor model is suggested for a comprehensive assessment of motives for exercise. Individual characteristics should be considered for development of tailored protocols.
Serotonin modifies the impact of sleep disturbance on suicidality in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kim Jae-Min , Kim Ju-Wan , Kang Hee-Ju , Choi Wonsuk , Ryu Seunghyong , Lee Ju-Yeon , Kim Sung-Wan , Kim Jung-Chul , Chun Byung Jo , Shin Il-Seon , Ahn Youngkeun , Jeong Myung Ho 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThis study investigated the associations of sleep disturbance and serum serotonin levels with suicidal ideation, and evaluated the potential modifying effects of serotonin on these associations in patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsIn total, 969 ACS patients were recruited from a tertiary university hospital in Korea within 2 weeks of disease onset and evaluated in terms of sleep disturbance (using the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire), serum serotonin levels, and suicidal ideation (using the “suicidal thoughts” item of the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale). Covariates included sociodemographics, depression, vascular risk factors, and disease severity. After 1 year, 711 patients were re-evaluated in terms of suicidal ideation. Logistic regression analysis was performed with adjustment for covariates.ResultsSleep disturbance was significantly associated with suicidal ideation at baseline and follow-up. Serum serotonin showed no such association but modified the association of sleep disturbance with suicidal ideation such that it was significant only in the lower serum serotonin group, with significant interaction terms obtained after adjustment for relevant covariates.ConclusionEvaluating sleep disturbance and serum serotonin levels could improve the accuracy of clinical predictions of suicidal ideation in the acute and chronic phases of ACS.
Rumination and “hot” executive function of middle school students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A moderated mediation model of depression and mindfulness
Authors: Li Ying , Qu Guiping , Kong Huiyan , Ma Xiaobo , Cao Lei , Li Tiantian , Wang Yue 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe outbreak of COVID-19 had a widely negative effect on adolescents’ academics, stress, and mental health. At a critical period of cortical development, adolescents’ cognition levels are highly developed, while the ability of emotion control is not developed at the same pace. Faced with negative emotions such as stress and social loneliness caused by COVID-19, adolescents’ “hot” executive function encounters severer emotional regulation challenges than ever before.ObjectiveThe present study established a moderated mediation model to investigate the impact of rumination on “hot” execution function among Chinese middle school students during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the specific role of depression and mindfulness in the association.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 650 students recruited from a province in central China. The participants completed questionnaires and experiment between July 2021 and August 2021. Rumination Responses Scales, Self-rating Depression Scale, and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale were used to measure the level of rumination, depression, and mindfulness. The reaction time and accuracy of the emotional conflict experiment were recorded to reflect the “hot” executive function.ResultsThe results of the moderated mediation model indicated that rumination of middle school students significantly and positively predicted depression in adolescents (β = 0.26, p &lt; 0.001). Meanwhile, the indirect effect of depression on the relationship between rumination and “hot” executive function was significant; depression partially mediated this relationship (word-face congruent condition: β = −0.09, p &lt; 0.01; word-face incongruent condition: β = −0.07, p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, mindfulness buffered the association between rumination and depression, according to moderated mediation analysis (β = −0.11, p &lt; 0.001). For adolescents with low levels of mindfulness, the relationship was substantially stronger.ConclusionIn the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, middle school students’ rumination would lead to depression, which can negatively impact their “hot” executive function. Besides, mindfulness could resist the adverse effect of rumination on depression. The educators should pay more attention to students’ mental health, provide targeted strategies that boost mindfulness to promote their cognitive flexibility, and thus protect the normal development of their executive function during crisis events.
Psychological care needs for frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Ding Chuanqi , Wang Limin , Guo Zhiting , Chen Yun , Jin Jingfen 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundIn the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have played vital roles in clinical treatment. Their success in providing adequate care services depends on their psychological state, which determines their physical health, work status, therapeutic outcomes, and response to public health emergencies. However, a limited number of studies have evaluated psychological care needs from the perspective of nurses. This study aimed to describe the psychological care needs for frontline nurses in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 15 frontline nurses who had been involved in the care of COVID-19 positive patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, and received psychological care. The conventional content analysis was used to identify themes from the interview transcripts.ResultsFour major themes about the psychological care needs of frontline nurses were identified: (1) psychological service providers (categories: professional service team, trustworthy person or group, ability to empathize with nurses); (2) problems with psychological care (categories: lack of universal screening and focused attention, online group counseling lacks targeting, psychological interventions lack individualization); (3) psychological care content (categories: mental health-related education, recognition of nurses' contributions, problem-solving therapy, psychological counseling and venting); (4) organization and management of psychological services (categories: focus on the psychological care needs of frontline nurses, build a standardized psychological service process system).ConclusionIt is important to understand individual psychological care needs of frontline nurses and to provide them with tailor-made psychological care that meet their needs. This will improve their mental health, promote clinical care and quality responses to public health emergencies.
Profiling African Health Journals: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Ogunfolaji Oloruntoba , Tangmi Adrien , Dada Olaoluwa Ezekiel , Sebopelo Lorraine Arabang , Sichimba Dawin , Djoutsop Olga M. , Ghaith Hazem S. , Cheserem Jebet Beverly , Negida Ahmed , Abu-Bonsrah Nancy , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Esene Ignatius 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to map out African health journals using publicly-available information on major databases.Methods: The authors searched the African Journals Online Library (AJOL) and Scientific Journal Rankings (SJR) databases from their inception in 1998 and 1996 respectively to 17 October 2020, and identified African health journals. The authors extracted data on journal scope, PubMed indexation, open-access status, publishing fees, Journal Publishing Practices and Standards rating and bibliometrics. The data were compared with health journals from other regions using the Chi-square test and odds ratio.Results: AJOL had 173 health journals registered on its database. One hundred (57.8%) journals were actively publishing. Fifty-seven (32.9%) had a 1-star Journal Publishing Practices and Standards rating and 4 (2.3%) had 2-star ratings. 112 (64.7%) had no star rating. The journal scope spanned all aspects of health. Few health journals were PubMed (n = 20) or SJR (n = 22) indexed. On average, African journals had lower total publications (median [IQR]: 52.0 [29.0–74.8] vs. 140.0 [75.8–272.5]), total references (55.0 [19.5–74.8] vs. 160.0 [42.0–519.8]), and H-index (12.2 [5.0–14.0] vs. 39.1 [10.0–53.0]) (P=0.01) compared to other regions.Conclusion: African health journals face unique challenges that require targeted interventions.
Public Perceptions and Information Needs of VCA Transplantation and Donation: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ferzola Alexander , Uriarte Jefferson , Sung Hannah C. , Anderson Naomi , Sidoti Carolyn , Van Pilsum Rasmussen Sarah E. , Downey Max , Vanterpool Karen B. , Langlee Whitney , Klitenic Samantha , Young Lisa , Cooney Carisa M. , Johnson Ieesha , Coleman Allison , Shores Jaimie T. , Segev Dorry L. , Brandacher Gerald , Gordon Elisa J. , Levan Macey L. 
Published: November 2022

Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation (VCA) involves transplantation of multiple tissues from a donor to a recipient (e.g., skin, muscle, bone). Little is known about the US public’s perceptions of and attitudes toward VCA organ donation. This multi-site, cross-sectional, mixed methods study involved focus groups and surveys to assess members of the general public’s attitudes about VCA, and willingness and barriers to donate VCA organs. Qualitative data were analyzed by thematic analysis; quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. In focus groups (n = 6, 42 participants), most participants were female (57%) and Black (62%) with mean age of 42.6 years. Three main themes emerged: 1) awareness and perceptions of VCA, 2) purpose of VCA donation, 3) and barriers to VCA donation. Participants had heard little about VCA and sought information about VCA donation. Participants perceived VCA as challenging their concepts of “normality” and voiced concerns that VCA would create “Frankenstein[s].” Barriers to VCA donation included disruptions to end-of-life arrangements and information gaps regarding the donation process. Participants reported moderate to high willingness to donate their hands (69%) and face (50%) Public education efforts should address the specific needs and concerns of the public to facilitate VCA donation and family authorization.