bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of mindfulness and metacognition on anxiety symptoms: a case-control study
Authors: Aydın Orkun , Obuća Faruk , Çakıroğlu Elif , Ünal-Aydın Pınar , Esen-Danacı Ayşen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Anxiety disorders (ADs) are associated with numerous psychiatric disorders; despite the efforts in psychotherapy models targeting their etiology, novel treatment strategies are still developing. We aimed to assess whether mindfulness and metacognition differ between patients with ADs and healthy controls (HCs) and whether the symptom severity of ADs is related to mindfulness and metacognition among patients. Two-hundred participants were enrolled in this study. Structured clinical interview, sociodemographic form, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form, Metacognition Questionnaire-30, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale were administered. Multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to compare the groups in terms of mindfulness and metacognition. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to measure the association between the variables.

Results
The main finding indicates that positive beliefs about worry are associated with reduced symptom severity of ADs. Furthermore, HCs have more positive beliefs about worry and nonjudging of inner experience compared to patients with ADs, who utilize negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger and need to control thoughts to a greater extent.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs may influence the anxiety severity of adult patients. We suggest that focusing on reducing maladaptive metacognitions may be supportive of AD improvement.
Ovine coccidiosis and associated risk factors in Minya, Egypt
Authors: Mohamed Hend Ibrahim , Arafa Waleed M. , El-Dakhly Khaled Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCoccidiosis is a potential protozoal disease of economic importance in sheep worldwide. The current study aimed to detect the prevalence of ovine coccidiosis and identification of the recovered species in Minya, Egypt. Three hundred and fifty sheep from Minia, Egypt, were coprologically examined for the occurrence ofEimeriaspecies oocysts by using the standard floatation technique.ResultsOocysts were detected in 180 (51.43%) animals. Mixed infection was recorded in 37.14% (130/350) and single infection was revealed in 14.29% (50/350) sheep. The prevalence of coccidiosis was significantly higher in young sheep. FourteenEimeriaspecies were detected;Eimeria bakuensis,E. webybridgensis,E. ahusta,E. intricata,E. granulosa,E. faurei,E. ninakohlyakim-ovae,Eimeria coitae-like,E. parva,E. pallida,E. marsica,E.crandallis,E. ovinoidalisandE.arloingi. The most predominantEimeriaspecies wasEimeria parva(14.57%; 51/350) followed byE.ovinoidalis(14.0%; 49/350),E. granulosa(8.29%; 29/350),E. bakuensis(7.14%; 25/350),E. intricata(5.43%; 19/350),E.faureiandE.webybridgensis(4.86%; 17/350 each),E. pallida(4.0%; 14/350),E.ninakohlyakim-ovae(3.71%; 13/350),E.crandallisandE. ahsata(3.43%; 12/350 each),E. marsicaandE.arloingi(1.71%; 6/350 each). The least abundant species wasE.coitae-like (1.14%; 4/350).ConclusionFourteenEimeriaspecies were recovered from sheep in Minya, Egypt;Eimeria bakuensis,E. webybridgensis,E. ahusta,E. intricata,E. granulosa,E. faurei,E. ninakohlyakim-ovae,Eimeria coitae-like,E. parva,E. pallida,E. marsica,E.crandallis,E. ovinoidalisandE.arloingi.Eimeria parvawas the most common whileE.coitae-like was the least. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report for the occurrence ofE.coitae-like in sheep in Egypt. Prevention and effective control programs should be strictly followed to avoid economic losses resulted from the coccidian infection.
Protective mechanism of quercetin and its derivatives in viral-induced respiratory illnesses
Authors: Rizky Wahyu Choirur , Jihwaprani Muhammad Candragupta , Mushtaq Mazhar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobally, acute respiratory illnesses are the most commonly manifesting illness in all age group. The disease mostly affects the upper respiratory tract (URT) and is self-limiting. However, a small percentage progresses to lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). The most important causative agents of severe LRTIs are bacteria and viruses. Various viruses can cause respiratory tract infections, being the most essential belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses. Quercetin is classified as a flavonoid compound and was previously known to have antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Some preclinical studies highlight quercetin could also interfere with coronavirus infection and modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Since there is no comprehensive compilation addressing the antiviral activities of quercetin and its derivatives, this narrative review provides a summary of the preclinical evidence of their antiviral activities on respiratory illnesses induced by viruses other than coronaviruses. The literature research was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The results explain that quercetin has a wide range of actions in viral-induced respiratory illnesses including, but not limited to suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, promoting antioxidant-related genes expression, blocking viral entry and replication, accelerating viral clearance, reducing the accumulation of alveolar macrophages, and reducing goblet cells marker and mucin gene expression.
Prevalence and early outcome of bronchiectasis as an atypical presentation in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Hussein Aliae A. R. Mohamed , Shaddad Ahmad M. , Hashem Maiada K. , Okasha Maha Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Bronchiectasis was considered as an uncommon radiological feature of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 bronchiectasis overlap is still a point for research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, course, and outcome of bronchiectasis as an atypical presentation of COVID-19 infection.

Methods
A cross-sectional study has been conducted from July 2021 to February 2022 and included 425 COVID-19 swab-positive patients who were examined by high resolution computed tomography of the chest during acute phase (4 weeks) of the infection.

Results
Fourteen (3.3%) patients newly developed bronchiectasis-de novo. Patients with de novo bronchiectasis had significantly higher cough score, frequency of colored sputum and mMRC score, respiratory distress (p < 0.001) and respiratory failure (p = 0.02) than patients with no bronchiectasis. They also had the higher frequency of ICU’s admission (p = 0.02), need to non-invasive (p = 0.01), and invasive mechanical ventilation (p = < 0.001), duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU’s stay and overall hospital stay (p < 0.001). As for the outcome, death rate was also statistically significantly higher among those with De novo bronchiectasis than those without bronchiectasis (p = 0.04).

Conclusion
Bronchiectasis is an uncommon presentation among COVID-19 patients. However, bronchiectasis increases disease burden in COVID-19 patients. It may have a negative impact on the outcome.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04910113. Registered June 2, 2021.
How a single receptor-like kinase exerts diverse roles: lessons from FERONIA
Authors: Wang Gaopeng , Zhao Zhifang , Zheng Xinhang , Shan Wenfeng , Fan Jiangbo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFERONIA (FER) is a member of the Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like (CrRLK1L) protein subfamily, which participates in reproduction, abiotic stress, biotic stress, cell growth, hormone response, and other molecular mechanisms of plants. However, the mechanism by which a single RLK is capable of mediating multiple signals and activating multiple cellular responses remains unclear. Here, we summarize research progress revealing the spatial–temporal expression of FER, along with its co-receptors and ligands determined the function of FER signaling pathway in multiple organs. The specificity of the FER signaling pathway is proposed to operate under a four-layered mechanism: (1) Spatial–temporal expression of FER, co-receptors, and ligands specify diverse functions, (2) Specific ligands or ligand combinations trigger variable FER signaling pathways, (3) Diverse co-receptors confer diverse FER perception and response modes, and (4) Unique downstream components that modify FER signaling and responses. Moreover, the regulation mechanism of the signaling pathway- appears to depend on the interaction among the ligands, RLK receptors, co-receptors, and downstream components, which may be a general mechanism of RLKs to maintain signal specificity. This review will provide a insight into understanding the specificity determination of RLKs signaling in both model and horticultural crops.
Mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland: A nationwide, register-based cohort study
Authors: Kiejna A. , Janus J. , Cichoń E. , Paciorek S. , Zięba M. , Gondek T. M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Mortality among people with mental disorders is higher in comparison with the general population. There is a scarcity of studies on mortality in the abovementioned group of people in Central and Eastern European countries.

Methods
The study aimed to assess all-cause mortality in people with mental disorders in Poland. We conducted a nationwide, register-based cohort study utilizing data from two nationwide registries in Poland: the registry of healthcare services reported to the National Health Fund (2009–2018) and the all-cause death registry from Statistics Poland (2019). We identified individuals who were consulted or hospitalized in public mental healthcare facilities and received at least one diagnosis of mental disorders (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Problems [ICD-10]) from 2009 to 2018. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were compared between people with a history of mental disorder and the general population.

Results
The study comprised 4,038,517 people. The SMR for individuals with any mental disorder compared with the general population was 1.54. SMRs varied across diagnostic groups, with the highest values for substance use disorders (3.04; 95% CI 3.00–3.09), schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (2.12; 95% CI 2.06–2.18), and pervasive and specific developmental disorders (1.68; 95% CI 1.08–2.29). When only inpatients were considered, all-cause mortality risk was almost threefold higher than in the general population (SMR 2.90; 95% CI 2.86–2.94).

Conclusions
In Poland, mortality in people with mental disorders is significantly higher than in the general population. The results provide a reference point for future longitudinal studies on mortality in Poland.
Graffiti and the British Postwar Poem
Authors: Gargaillo Florian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis essay considers how British poetry responded to the rise of graffiti after World War II, using the work of Dannie Abse, Philip Larkin, and Tony Harrison as case studies. Poets of this era were awkwardly placed to discuss graffiti. The striking formal differences between the two genres made graffiti difficult to imitate and cannibalize. Moreover, poets occupied an ambiguous position vis-à-vis the establishment culture that graffitists wished to contest. Conscious of their difficult situation, poets took up a variety of approaches, each marked by distinctive paradoxes. Abse viewed graffiti with a distancing sociological eye, even as he recognized the limits of that perspective by stressing the culpability of each person, including himself, in widening social inequalities. Larkin approached graffiti with a mix of disdain at the defacement of public property and envy over the liberties that the graffitist could take against middle-class sensibilities. Harrison found himself pulled between sympathy for a social world that was once his own and a deeper sense of alienation now that his education and his work as a poet had set him apart from that community. Such paradoxes lend the poems a special value when set against a broader public discourse that tended to simply defend or condemn graffiti.
Bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in human neurons is the consequence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide depletion
Authors: Snavely Andrew R. , Heo Keungjung , Petrova Veselina , Ho Tammy Szu-Yu , Huang Xuan , Hermawan Crystal , Kagan Ruth , Deng Tao , Singeç Ilyas , Chen Long , Barret Lee B. , Woolf Clifford J. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The proteosome inhibitor bortezomib has revolutionized the treatment of multiple hematologic malignancies, but in many cases, its efficacy is limited by a dose-dependent peripheral neuropathy. We show that human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons and sensory neurons provide a model system for the study of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy, with promising implications for furthering the mechanistic understanding of and developing treatments for preventing axonal damage. Human neurons in tissue culture displayed distal-to-proximal neurite degeneration when exposed to bortezomib. This process coincided with disruptions in mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis, similar to those described in rodent models of bortezomib-induced neuropathy. Moreover, although the degenerative process was unaffected by inhibition of caspases, it was completely blocked by exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a mediator of the SARM1-dependent axon degeneration pathway. We demonstrate that bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in relevant human neurons proceeds through mitochondrial dysfunction and NAD+ depletion-mediated axon degeneration, raising the possibility that targeting these changes might provide effective therapeutics for the prevention of bortezomib-induced neuropathy and that modeling chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in human neurons has utility.
Exploring the facilitation of meaningful leisure activities in designated centres for older persons (nursing homes) in Ireland: A protocol for content documentary analysis of HIQA inspection reports.
Authors: Robinson Katie , Fitzgerald Christine , Galvin Rose , O' Connor Aisling 
Published: November 2022

Background: Nursing homes (NHs) in Ireland are regulated by the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA). Regulations for nursing homes under the Health Act 2007 (as amended) states that registered providers must provide residents with facilities for occupation and recreation, and opportunities to participate in activities in accordance with their interests and capacities (Government of Ireland, 2013 - S.I. No. 415/2013). Despite the proven benefits of engagement in meaningful activities, when an older person enters a NH, they often lose autonomy in occupational roles, and engagement in meaningful activities (Causey-Upton, 2015). In 2019, HIQA highlighted that there were relatively high levels of non-compliance in the area of residents’ rights (HIQA, 2020). Aim: Given the central role of leisure activities to older adults’ health and well-being, this study aims to understand how NH residents in Ireland were afforded opportunities for meaningful engagement in activities prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic (2019 – 2021). This will be conducted through analysing a sample of publicly available HIQA inspection reports for NHs from 2019 – 2021. Methods: A content documentary analysis will be conducted using a qualitative deductive approach. Purposive sampling will be used to select 21 nursing home reports for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021. The sample will include nursing homes reported to be non-compliant, substantially compliant and compliant in the regulation of residents’ rights. An inspection report for each of these NHs (n=21) for the year 2019, 2020 and 2021 will create a sample of 63 reports for analysis. This sample will capture three time points for the 21 NHs pre-pandemic and throughout the pandemic.
LEVELS OF SITUATIONAL AND PERSONAL ANXIETY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN CONDITIONS OF COMORBIDITY
Authors: Kozlov Evgeny V. , Derevyannich Evgeny V. , Balashova Natalia A. , Yaskevich Roman A. , Moskalenko Olga L. 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of the study. To assess the levels of situational and personal anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in conditions of comorbidity with arterial hypertension (AH).
Materials and methods. The study included 92 male patients with COPD. Of these, 63 patients with COPD in combination with hypertension. The diagnosis of COPD verified and the severity assessed in accordance with the GOLD criteria. The Spielberger-Hanin scale used to assess the level of situational and personal anxiety.
Results. It s found that men with COPD in conditions of comorbidity with hypertension are characterized by statistically significantly higher values of the average score of both situational and personal anxiety on the Spielberger-Hanin scale. In this group of examined patients, patients with indicators of situational and personal anxiety corresponding to a high level and less often to a low level of anxiety were significantly more common. Among men with COPD of the IV st., persons with high levels of situational and personal anxiety were significantly more common.
Conclusion. The results of the study demonstrated a high level of anxiety disorders in COPD patients, especially in people with comorbidity with hypertension and a positive relationship between the level of anxiety and the severity of the disease.
FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCIES OF PEDIATRICIANS AS AN URGENT PROBLEM OF MODERN MEDICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Yatsevich Natalya A. 
Published: November 2022

This article raises the problem associated with the formation of pedagogical competencies of specialists studying in residency. The labor functions of pediatricians are expanding thanks to pedagogical competencies that allow children and their parents to cultivate a value attitude to health and a healthy lifestyle, to develop motivation in mastering health-saving skills. Taking into account the complexity of the formation of pedagogical competencies of pediatricians at the residency stage, in the 2021-2022 academic year, a theoretical study was conducted at the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, involving the study of this issue.
Purpose. To study the theory and practice of the formation of professional and pedagogical competencies of pediatricians at the stage of training in residency.
Methodology. This study is based on a socio-oriented approach that allows us to consider the state of the stated problem in Russian medical education. The study was carried out with the help of a theoretical analysis of the literature on pedagogy and psychology of higher education, the history of medical education.
Results. The materials of the theoretical study made it possible to actualize the problem of the formation of pedagogical competencies among pediatricians, to describe approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “pedagogical competencies”, to clarify the features of the formation of pedagogical competencies of specialists studying in residency.
Conclusions. The content of theoretical research can be integrated into the system of training doctors at the stage of pre-diploma and postgraduate medical education.
Cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women - threats, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Grunwald Arkadiusz , Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Nowak Katarzyna , Satora Małgorzata , Klas Jakub , Rudziński Gracjan 
Published: November 2022

Cytomegalovirus is one of the most widespread DNA viruses, with 90% of women of childbearing age in Poland infected with it. Infection poses a risk to the mother as well as the fetus, as the virus can cross the placenta and damage the fetus. The purpose of this paper is to review scientific publications from 2017-2022, which describe the course of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women, the risks to the mother and fetus associated with the infection, methods of diagnosing the infection in the pregnant woman and the fetus, as well as treatment of cytomegalovirus infection and directions for vaccine research.
The most common complications of congenital cytomegalovirus infection include hearing loss, mental developmental delays and miscarriage. The infection can be detected in the pregnant woman by immunological testing, while polymerase chain reaction is used in the fetus and newborn. Early detection of infection in a pregnant woman allows the implementation of treatment which includes ganciclovir, valganciclovir, acyclovir and valacyclovir. A vaccine against cytomegalovirus has not been developed. Particularly important in the prevention of infection is to conduct educational activities regarding the routes of transmission of the virus and the consequences of congenital infection for the fetus.
Cytomegalovirus infections among pregnant women. It is important to monitor fetal development and possibly diagnose for congenital CMV infection in case of abnormalities, and the best diagnostic method is polymerase chain reaction testing. For the treatment of congenital CMV infection, acyclovir and valacyclovir are preferred, and therapy should be implemented for specific indications. Attention should be paid to educating women about infections caused by cytomegalovirus.
Regeneration failure and seedling growth of Dipterocarpus gracilis, a vulnerable dipterocarp in a tropical monsoon forest in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: ROMADINI NESTY PRATIWI , INDRIOKO SAPTO , WIDIYATNO WIDIYATNO , FARIDAH ENY 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Romadini NP, Indrioko S, Widiyatno, Faridah E. 2022. Regeneration failure and seedling growth of Dipterocarpus gracilis, a vulnerable dipterocarp in a tropical monsoon forest in Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4928-4939. Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume is a vulnerable native dipterocarp species on Java Island, Indonesia. Yet, limited understanding regarding its regeneration capacity in its natural habitat is available to support a sustainable population. The research aimed to investigate the survival and growth of D. gracilis seedlings across canopy openness (CO) in Kecubung Ulolanang Nature Reserve, Central Java, Indonesia. After 10 months of observation, the highest survival rate was found in CO >20%-25% (44%), and the lowest survival rate was observed in CO <15%-20% (20%). The highest relative growth rate of height (RGR H) and the relative growth rate of diameter (RGR D) were found in CO >20%-25% (1.03 ± 0.03 cm and 1.87 ± 0.03 mm). CO <15% showed the lowest RGR H and RGR D (0.6 ± 0.02 cm and 1.39 ± 0.02 mm). The RGR H and D showed a significant CO >20%-25% increase compared with other canopy classes. Pearson’s correlation between RGR D and CO was 0.466 (p >0.05). Our observation indicated that dry months were a critical period for seedling survival. This study showed poor regeneration capacity of D. gracilis, implying that failure in a seedling establishment over time would alter the tree demographics of D. gracilis.