bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smith–Treumann theory and the linkage principle
Authors: Riche Simon , Williamson Geordie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe apply Treumann’s “Smith theory for sheaves” in the context of the Iwahori–Whittaker model of the Satake category. We deduce two results in the representation theory of reductive algebraic groups over fields of positive characteristic: (a) a geometric proof of the linkage principle; (b) a character formula for tilting modules in terms of the$\ell $ℓ-canonical basis, valid in all blocks and in all characteristics.
Constructing conductive titanium carbide nanosheet (MXene) network on natural rubber foam framework for flexible strain sensor
Authors: Ding Hongda , Luo Zirong , Kong Na , Li Zhifeng , Zhao Pengfei , Zhang Jizhen , Tao Jinlong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSensors, as one of the crucial components of wearable electronics, have attracted much attention due to their extensive application in healthcare, human–machine interfaces, electronic skins (E-skins), rehabilitation, and internet of things. However, there is still a challenge to fabricate flexible strain sensors with both good sensitivity and large working strain range. Herein, a facile, scalable, and low-cost strategy is developed to prepare highly sensitive strain sensors based on natural rubber foam and Ti3C2Tx nanosheeets (MXene/NR) by dip-coating method. The fabricated MXene/NR composite exhibits excellent strain sensitivity and large strain range. The gage factor of the MXene/NR composite reaches 14 in the strain range of 0–5% with a low pressure limitation of detection (435 Pa). Additionally, the sensing range is as large as 0–80% of strain and shows good stability during the pressing and relaxing cycles. It is demonstrated that the MXene/NR composite could be used to detect motions, such as finger pressing and step monitoring, suggesting it is a promising candidate for fabricating wearable electronics.
The Cross-Country Comparison Model for Labor Participation (CCC Model for LP) of Persons with Chronic Diseases
Authors: de Rijk Angelique , Carrasco-Negüe Karina , Houkes Inge 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurpose To design a model based on the three pillars of new institutional theory (NIT), that facilitates cross-country comparison of labor participation (LP) of people with chronic diseases. This model should support getting a comprehensive overview of factors representing country differences, understanding these differences and should support estimating cross-country transferability of policies and interventions in the context of Work Disability Prevention. Methods Based on NIT, a draft model was designed by means of (1) a literature review of empirical studies; (2) theoretical books and articles; (3) a focus group with six expert researchers. This draft model was (4) adapted in the context of academic education. Literature was searched on Web of Science and EBSCO host. Feedback on (use of) the model was received from the focus group, four different academic courses at 28 occasions and two international conferences. Results The cross-country comparison model for labor participation (CCC model for LP) of persons with chronic diseases is proposed consisting of five factors: (1) Legislation; (2) Norms & values in practice; (3) Culture; (4) Organization of WDP in practice; (5) Labor market characteristics. Within these factors and based on (in)direct empirical evidence, subfactors are distinguished. The feedback received led to renaming (sub) factors, improved visual representation and a tool for estimating transferability. Conclusions The CCC model for LP of persons with chronic diseases allows for a comprehensive understanding of country differences and cross-country transferability of policies and interventions. The CCC model can be used for other populations when population-specific subfactors are included.
The influence of phosphorus- and nitrogen- containing groups on the thermal stability and combustion characteristics of styrenic polymers
Authors: Baby Aloshy , Tretsiakova-McNally Svetlana , Joseph Paul , Arun Malavika , Zhang Jianping , Pospiech Doris 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe effects of covalently bound phosphorus (P-) and nitrogen (N-) bearing groups on the thermal and combustion attributes of polystyrene have been investigated. The necessary chemical modifications were achieved through co- and ter-polymerisation reactions, in a suitable solvent, under radical initiation conditions. The influence of P–N cooperative interactions on the combustion properties of styrenic polymers was studied. The co-monomers of interest included: diethyl(acryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate (DEAMP), diethyl-p-vinylbenzylphosphonate (DEpVBP), acrylic acid-2-[(diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl amino]ethyl ester (ADEPMAE) and maleimide (MI). For the first time, the ter-polymers of styrene containing both P- groups, DEAMP or DEpVBP, and N- groups, MI, were prepared via solution polymerisation. It was found that the thermal stability and combustion characteristics of polystyrene were significantly altered by the presence of nominal amounts of P- and N- containing groups, and, in certain cases, cooperative interactions of these groups were also evident. For instance, the extents of char formation post-degradation of the prepared ter-polymers, as revealed by thermogravimetric investigations in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen), were found to be enhanced by more than 20%, as compared to the unmodified polystyrene. The heat release rates and heat release capacities of the ter-polymers, as measured using the pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetric (PCFC) technique, were reduced by almost 50% in comparison to the same parameters obtained for the unmodified counterpart.
Ethics, Force, and Power: On the Political Preconditions of Just War
Authors: Finlay Christopher J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBenbaji and Statman’s contractarian ethics of war offers a powerful new philosophical defence of orthodox conclusions against revisionist criticism. I present a two-pronged argument in reply. First, contractarianism yields what I call ‘decent war theory,’ a theory in which war between decent states is paradigmatic. I argue, by contrast, that states should treat wars against indecent states as paradigmatic, resulting in a Rawlsian alternative that issues in an ethics closer to revisionism. The second prong argues that the symmetrical international distribution of power required by contractarianism throws into doubt the viability of war as an instrument for securing just ends. But I argue that there is a very important lesson to take from Benbaji and Statman’s analysis here. Even if contractarianism is arguably weakened by its political assumptions, revisionists frequently fail to pay any attention to the vagaries of power and their effects in shaping the outcomes of different accounts of ethics. I therefore argue that just war theory in general ought to develop an ethics with sufficient versatility to respond to shifts and variations in the distribution of military power. In particular, philosophers must consider morally defensible ways in which decent states can challenge rising indecent powers.
A dual watermarking scheme for identity protection
Authors: Sharma Sunpreet , Zou Ju Jia , Fang Gu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel dual watermarking scheme with potential applications in identity protection, media integrity maintenance and copyright protection in both electronic and printed media is presented. The proposed watermarking scheme uses the owner’s signature and fingerprint as watermarks through which the ownership and validity of the media can be proven and kept intact. To begin with, the proposed watermarking scheme is implemented on continuous-tone/greyscale images, and later extended to images achieved via multitoning, an advanced version of halftoning-based printing. The proposed watermark embedding is robust and imperceptible. Experimental simulations and evaluations of the proposed method show excellent results from both objective and subjective view-points.
Six Novel Hybrid Extreme Learning Machine–Swarm Intelligence Optimization (ELM–SIO) Models for Predicting Backbreak in Open-Pit Blasting
Authors: Li Chuanqi , Zhou Jian , Khandelwal Manoj , Zhang Xiliang , Monjezi Masoud , Qiu Yingui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackbreak (BB) is one of the serious adverse blasting consequences in open-pit mines, because it frequently reduces economic benefits and seriously affects the safety of mines. Therefore, rapid and accurate prediction of BB is of great significance to mine blasting design and other production activities. For this purpose, six different swarm intelligence optimization (SIO) algorithms were proposed to optimize the extreme learning machine (ELM) model for BB prediction, i.e., ELM-based particle swarm optimization (ELM–PSO), ELM-based fruit fly optimization (ELM–FOA), ELM-based whale optimization algorithm (ELM–WOA), ELM-based lion swarm optimization (ELM–LOA), ELM-based seagull optimization algorithm (ELM–SOA) and ELM-based sparrow search algorithm (ELM–SSA). In total, 234 data records from blasting operations in the Sungun mine in Iran were used in this study, including six input parameters (special drilling, spacing, burden, hole length, stemming, powder factor) and one output parameter (i.e., BB). To evaluate the predictive performance of the different optimization models and initial models, six performance indicators including the root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation coefficient (R), determination coefficient (R2), variance accounted for (VAF), mean absolute error (MAE) and sum of square error (SSE) were used to evaluate the models in the training and testing phases. The results show that the ELM–LSO was the best model to predict BB with RMSE of 0.1129 (R: 0.9991, R2: 0.9981, VAF: 99.8135%, MAE: 0.0706 and SSE: 2.0917) in the training phase and 0.2441 in the testing phase (R: 0.9949, R2: 0.9891, VAF: 98.9806%, MAE: 0.1669 and SSE: 4.1710). Hence, ELM techniques combined with SIO algorithms are an effective method to predict BB.
Differences in measurement quality depending on recall: results for a question about trust in the parliament
Authors: Revilla Melanie , Höhne Jan Karem , Rettig Tobias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA large body of studies estimate the measurement quality of survey questions using multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) experiments. In these experiments, respondents are asked (nearly) identical questions at least twice. Most commonly, this is done within the same survey by, for instance, changing the response scale characteristics. However, it has frequently been argued that the estimates from these experiments might be biased when respondents recall their first answer and base their second answer on the initial one. So far, only little is known about the impact of memory effects on the estimates of measurement quality. In this study, we conducted a MTMM experiment in the probability-based German Internet Panel (N = 4,401) to investigate whether and to what extent measurement quality estimates differ across respondent groups varying in terms of recall. For this purpose, we use a survey question on trust in the German parliament that was asked with three different response scales. The results reveal that the recall of answers and memory effects vary significantly depending on the scales used for the trust in the parliament question. We also found significant differences in measurement quality across different recall groups. However, more refined research is necessary to better understand the association between answer recall and measurement quality estimates.
X-Ray Imaging of Complex Flow Patterns during Tungsten Inert Gas Welding
Authors: Wu F. , Falch K. V. , Ramachandran S. , Drakopoulos M. , Mirihanage W. U. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFusion welding techniques such as tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process have been widely used in industrial and construction applications. The molten metal flow in the weld pool has a major impact on the microstructure evolution, chemical element distribution and defects formation during solidification, which subsequently determines the performance of the welds. However, limited real-time experimental data availability of internal flow behavior has been considered as a major barrier to achieve a thorough understanding and development of accurate weld pool prediction models. In situ x-ray imaging with the tracking particles facilitated us to visualize the flow evolution during the solid–liquid–solid transformation. Experimental results indicated the flow patterns are progressively becoming complicated with the expansion of the melt pool. The shape of the melt pool also changed according to this flow evolution. Our analysis of flow patterns concerning the underlying variation of the driving forces suggests that gravity-derived buoyancy has a considerable effect on determining fluid flow at the melt pool periphery compared to other regions.
Iodine as a potential endocrine disruptor—a role of oxidative stress
Authors: Karbownik-Lewińska Małgorzata , Stępniak Jan , Iwan Paulina , Lewiński Andrzej 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. However, overtreatment with iodine can unfavorably affect thyroid physiology. The aim of this review is to present the evidence that iodine—when in excess—can interfere with thyroid hormone synthesis and, therefore, can act as a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), and that this action, as well as other abnormalities in the thyroid, occurs—at least partially—via oxidative stress.

Methods
We reviewed published studies on iodine as a potential EDC, with particular emphasis on the phenomenon of oxidative stress.

Results
This paper summarizes current knowledge on iodine excess in the context of its properties as an EDC and its effects on oxidative processes.

Conclusion
Iodine does fulfill the criteria of an EDC because it is an exogenous chemical that interferes—when in excess—with thyroid hormone synthesis. However, this statement cannot change general rules regarding iodine supply, which means that iodine deficiency should be still eliminated worldwide and, at the same time, iodine excess should be avoided. Universal awareness that iodine is a potential EDC would make consumers more careful regarding their diet and what they supplement in tablets, and—what is of great importance—it would make caregivers choose iodine-containing medications (or other chemicals) more prudently. It should be stressed that compared to iodine deficiency, iodine in excess (acting either as a potential EDC or via other mechanisms) is much less harmful in such a sense that it affects only a small percentage of sensitive individuals, whereas the former affects whole populations; therefore, it causes endemic consequences.
Lessons from the Criticality of the Spanish High Capacity Road Network on Direct, Representative Democracies and Technocracies
Authors: Martín Juan Carlos , Román Concepción 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to shed some light on an issue that has not been analyzed enough in previous studies on complex transportation networks. The financial crisis and disrupting events like the COVID-19 pandemic episode are affecting how governments make crucial decisions regarding policymaking paying more attention to experts’ opinions. The impacts of disruptive events that could affect each road section will be analyzed using the criticality of the high capacity road network in Spain under different policymaking scenarios, such as direct democracy based on pure provincial decentralization (federal or cantonal vision), representative democracy in which decisions are taken by the National Parliament, and the governance based on technocracy stimulated by ‘what matters is what works’ (Southern Local Economy, 16(4), 264-271, 2001) using an Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) case study based on a Data Envelopment Analysis applied to four accessibility indicators. We will complement our analysis with the different results obtained by the different national parties that were represented in the past election (November, 2019): PSOE, PP, VOX, Unidas Podemos, Ezquerra Republicana de Catalunya, Ciudadanos, Junts per Catalunya, Partido Nacionalista Vasco and Euskal Herria Bildu, exploring in-depth the obtained differences between the technocrat solution and the direct and representative democracy results. Important insights and lessons for the future will be obtained from the different party visions observed among the regionalist (nationalist) and the state-wide parties. The spillover effects created by the networks are so important that the room for federalist solutions might be very limited.
Integrated system for recycling and treatment of hazardous pharmaceutical wastewater
Authors: Abdelfattah I. , Abuarab M. E. , Mostafa E. , El-Awady M. H. , Aboelghait K. M. , El-Shamy A. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate an integrated system that can deal with different pharmaceutical wastewaters. Pharmaceutical wastewater was subjected to biological, chemical and advanced oxidation according to its pollutant’s nature. Wastewater with high total suspended solids (TSS 480 mg/L) was subjected to a conventional chemical treatment process utilizing different coagulants. The best results were obtained by using calcium oxide and alum added with calcium oxide where the removal efficiency of COD was 46.8% and 51%. Highly loaded pharmaceutical wastewater (COD 9700 mg/L, BOD/COD 0.16) had been subjected to Fenton oxidation, the removal of COD reached 80.4%, and the ratio of BOD/COD is enhanced to 0.6. Photocatalysis by using different nanomaterials was applied to pharmaceutical wastewater containing 10 mg/L of phenols. Phenol is completely removed by using mesoporous TiO2 after 90-min irradiation and after 120 min in the case of TiO2/P25 and TiO2/UV 100 nanocomposites, while it is removed by 40% in case of using mesoporous TiO2/Ta2O5. Effluent-treated water from previous routes was subjected to biological treatment and followed with disinfection by using UV as post-treatment. The final COD was 40, and it matches with the Egyptian practice code for water reuse in agriculture (ECP 501 in Egyptian code of practice for the use of treated municipal wastewater for agricultural purposes. The ministry of Housing Utilities and Urban Communities., n.d. No title, 2015). Results showed also using treated wastewater in irrigation of barley and bean seeds achieved germination ratio up to 71% in barely and 70% in bean compared with that irrigated with Nile water, which reached 70% and 75%, while it was about 16.6% and 30% in case of irrigation with untreated wastewater (Jeong et al. in Water (Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/w8040169, 2016).
Interval inversion of multiwell logging data for estimating laterally varying petrophysical parameters and formation boundaries
Authors: Abdellatif Mahmoud , Szabó Norbert P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe present paper introduces a Legendre polynomials based interval inversion method for processing multi-borehole logging data. The method allows the determination of lateral changes of the layer-thicknesses together with the vertical and lateral variations of petrophysical parameters along a 2D cross-section of several boreholes. The method is assessed using noisy synthetic measurements of a petrophysical model made of two-layers structure related to hydrocarbon bearing formations. The numerical experiments aided to investigate the stability and convergence of the 2D interval inversion procedure. To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the inversion results, the misfit of data and model distance are tested, beside the calculation of estimation errors and correlation coefficients. A large amount of input data relative to the number of unknowns results in a high overdetermined ratio, consequently more precise estimates are obtained in stable and convergent procedure than in conventional local (1D) inversion schemes. The feasibility of the 2D interval inversion method is shown by analysing in-situ well logging data acquired in four wells situated in an Egyptian hydrocarbon field.
Prevalence and impact of polypharmacy in older patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Remelli Francesca , Ceresini Maria Giorgia , Trevisan Caterina , Noale Marianna , Volpato Stefano 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Polypharmacy is a prevalent condition in older adults, especially those with multiple chronic diseases, and has been largely associated with adverse outcomes, including disability, hospitalizations, and death.

Aims
This systematic review focused on diabetes and aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of polypharmacy in older adults affected by such disease.

Methods
Observational (either cross-sectional or longitudinal) or experimental studies investigating the frequency and impact of polypharmacy in older adults with diabetes were identified from scientific databases and grey literature until August 2021. The prevalence and the 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) of polypharmacy in older people with diabetes were summarized by a random-effects meta-analysis.

Results
From a total of 1465 records, 9 were selected for the qualitative synthesis, and 8 for the quantitative synthesis. Most studies defined polypharmacy using a cut-off for the minimum number of medications ranging from 4 to 6 drugs/day. The pooled prevalence of polypharmacy in older people with diabetes was 64% (95% CI 45–80%). Considering studies that used the same definition of polypharmacy (i.e. ≥ 5 drugs/day), the pooled prevalence was 50% (95% CI 37–63%). The between-studies heterogeneity was high. Across the selected studies, polypharmacy seemed to negatively influence both diabetes-specific (poor glycemic control and risk of hypoglycemia) and health-related (risk of incident falls, syncope, hospitalization, and death) outcomes.

Conclusion
This systematic review confirms the high prevalence of polypharmacy in older people with diabetes and its strong impact on several health-related outcomes, including mortality. These results strengthen the need to improve care strategies for management of these patients.
Design of sampling-based noniterative algorithms for centroid type-reduction of general type-2 fuzzy logic systems
Authors: Chen Yang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGeneral type-2 (GT2) fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) become a popular research topic for the past few years. Usually the Karnik–Mendel algorithms are the most prevalent approach to complete the type-reduction. Nonetheless, the iterative quality of these types of computational intensive algorithms might impede applying them. For the improved types of algorithms, some noniterative algorithms can enhance the calculation efficiencies greatly, while it is still an open problem for comparing the relation between the discrete TR algorithms and corresponding continuous TR algorithms. First, the sum and integral operations in discrete and continuous noniterative algorithms are compared. Then, three kinds of noniterative algorithms originate from the type-reduction of interval type-2 FLSs are extended to complete the centroid type-reduction of general T2 FLSs. Four computer simulations prove that while changing the number of samples suitably, the calculational results of discrete types of algorithms may accurately gain on the related continuous types of algorithms, and the calculational times of discrete types of algorithms are obviously less than the continuous types of algorithms, this may offer the possible meaning for designing and applying T2 FLSs.