bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID‐19 on nurses (ICON) survey: Nurses' accounts of what would have helped to improve their working lives
Authors: Ball Jane , Anstee Sydney , Couper Keith , Maben Jill , Blake Holly , Anderson Janet E. , Kelly Daniel , Harris Ruth , Conolly Anna ,   the full ICON Study Team
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsTo use nurses' descriptions of what would have improved their working lives during the first peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the UK.DesignAnalysis of free‐text responses from a cross‐sectional survey of the UK nursing and midwifery workforce.MethodsBetween 2 and 14 April 2020, 3299 nurses and midwives completed an online survey, as part of the ‘Impact of COVID‐19 on Nurses’ (ICON) study. 2205 (67%) gave answers to a question asking for the top three things that the government or their employer could do to improve their working lives. Each participants' response was coded using thematic and content analysis. Multiple response analysis quantified the frequency of different issues and themes and examined variation by employer.ResultsMost (77%) were employed by the National Health Service (77%) and worked at staff or senior staff nurse levels (55%). 5938 codable responses were generated. Personal protective equipment/staff safety (60.0%), support to workforce (28.6%) and better communication (21.9%) were the most cited themes. Within ‘personal protective equipment’, responses focussed most on available supply. Only 2.8% stated that nothing further could be done. Patterns were similar in both NHS and non‐NHS settings.ConclusionsThe analysis provided valuable insight into key changes required to improve the work lives of nurses during a pandemic. Urgent improvements in provision and quality of personal protective equipment were needed for the safety of both workforce and patients.ImpactFailure to meet nurses needs to be safe at work appears to have damaged morale in this vital workforce. We identified key strategies that, if implemented by the Government and employers, could have improved the working lives of the nursing and midwifery workforce during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic and could prevent the pandemic from having a longer‐term negative impact on the retention of this vital workforce.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution, due to the COVID‐19 Pandemic, urgency of the work and the target population being health and social care staff.
Evaluation of establishment and maintenance of primary cell cultures from several strains of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Abdelsalam Ehdaa Eltayeb Eltigani , Hucková Pavlina , Piačková Veronika 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a surrogate for the whole organism, primary cultures and cell lines serve as valuable tools for investigating exogenous and endogenous cytopathy. Studying cell responsiveness to diseases and contaminants is considered a less demanding and more readily accessible research approach that minimizes animal distress and provides more specific data. In the current work, the authors established primary cultures from several different organs and tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for subsequent use in other applications. They investigated the technical challenges in obtaining successful and durable carp‐derived tissue cultures. The trials indicate that the type of tissue grown, carp strain and fish age impact equally upon culturing success, as do the cultivating conditions. Cells from gill epithelia, head and trunk kidneys, spleen, skin, gonads and ocular tissue were successfully established and maintained for further use in in‐vitro testing. The primary cultures were, therefore, used to investigate and assess pathogens and pollutants emerging in carp's environment.
Online nutrition information for cancer survivors
Authors: Keaver Laura , Huggins Michaela Deane , Chonaill Doireann Ni , O'Callaghan Niamh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis research aims to systematically review a comprehensive sample of websites (English‐language) that provide information on nutrition after cancer treatment.MethodsIn consultation with cancer survivors and experts, we developed search strings for an internet search (incognito mode in Google Chrome) to be completed in six English‐speaking countries (Ireland, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States); the first 10 results were chosen for each search). Websites/web pages were included if the links related to sites/content that provided information on health post‐treatment in English and aimed at adults (aged above 18 years). Several tools were applied to test the quality, readability and usability of the websites/weblinks.ResultsInitially, 720 links were found, with 159 eligible for inclusion. Those eligible for review were charity/support/non‐governmental organisation weblinks (49.1%) that originated in the United States (42.8%) and did not specify a particular cancer type (65.4%). One‐third (n = 59, 37.1%) of these links contained nutrition guidance; however, these lacked practical implementation strategies. Most of the websites/web pages were not Health On the Net certified and lacked overall quality, with a mean International Patient Decision Aids Standards score of 20.4/40 and a Journal of the American Medical Association score of 1/4. Readability failed to meet ideal levels. Only 32.5% (n = 13) of the web pages/weblinks met the benchmark for usability.ConclusionCancer survivors seeking nutrition information online may encounter difficulty locating advice, and where they do, it is unlikely to contain guidance on implementation into day‐to‐day life. This is concerning, given the important role nutrition can play in cancer survivorship.
Do sauces, condiments and seasonings contribute important amounts of nutrients to Australian dietary intakes?
Authors: Whatnall Megan , Clarke Erin D. , Schumacher Tracy , Rollo Megan E. , Bucher Tamara , Ashton Lee M. , Burrows Tracy , Collins Clare E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDietary assessment commonly focuses on particular foods/food groups as indicators of overall dietary intake. Accompaniments such as sauces are not often a focus. The present study describes daily intakes of sauces, condiments and seasonings (SCS) using the most recent Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS), as well as the contribution to total energy and selected nutrient intakes.MethodsNNPAS dietary data were collected by one 24‐h recall for 12,153 individuals aged ≥ 2 years (53% female, 29% aged 31–50 years). SCS (i.e., any food items not normally consumed as a food itself, consumed as an addition to a dish after cooking/preparation to enhance flavour) were identified/coded within the dietary data and reported in terms of how they were consumed, primary composition, and contribution to total daily energy and selected macro‐ and micronutrient intakes.ResultsMost participants (85.1%) reported consuming at least one SCS on the day of the recall (median [interquartile range], 2 [1–4]). SCS were predominantly consumed within main meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner) (73.9%), and were predominantly sugar/sugar products (e.g., white sugar) (35.0%), or fats and oils (e.g., butter) (25.9%). SCS contributed a median (interquartile range) of 3.8% (1.1–7.9) of total energy, 5.3% (0.0–15.5) of fat, 2.3% (0.1–6.6) of carbohydrate and 0.2% (0.01–1.2) of protein intake. SCS made the largest contribution towards vitamin E (females median 3.6%; males median 3.4%) and sodium intakes (females median 3.0%; males median 2.9%).ConclusionsAlthough SCS contribute a small proportion of total energy and nutrient intakes in the Australian population, the contribution is more substantial for some nutrients and population groups.
Severe distinct dysautonomia in RFC1‐related disease associated with Parkinsonism
Authors: Record Christopher J. , Alsukhni Rana Alnasser , Curro Riccardo , Kaski Diego , Rubin John S. , Morris Huw R. , Cortese Andrea , Iodice Valeria , Reilly Mary M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBiallelic repeat expansions in replication factor C subunit 1 (RFC1) have recently been found to cause cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS). Additional features that have been described include Parkinsonism and a multiple system atrophy (MSA)‐like syndrome. CANVAS can include features of dysautonomia, but they are much milder than typically seen in MSA. We report a detailed autonomic phenotype of multisystem RFC1‐related disease presenting initially as CANVAS. Our patient presented aged 61 with a sensory ataxic neuropathy who rapidly developed widespread autonomic failure and Parkinsonism. The autonomic profile was of a mixed pre‐ and post‐ganglionic syndrome with progressive involvement of sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiovascular and sudomotor function. The Parkinsonism did not respond to levodopa. We present a patient with CANVAS and biallelic RFC1 expansions who developed Parkinsonism with severe autonomic involvement similar to that seen in classical MSA. The link between MSA and CANVAS remains uncertain.
Intergenerational transmission of relationship quality in later‐life families
Authors: Hou Yifei , Suitor J. Jill , Gilligan Megan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis article examines the transmission of older women's relationship quality with their mothers and fathers to their relationship quality with their own adult children in midlife. We also investigate how the transmission is moderated by the dimension of relationship quality (closeness vs. strain) and the gender of both the older women's parents and their adult children.BackgroundPrior research has primarily examined parents' transmission of relationship quality to young children with little attention to whether and when this pattern occurs in later‐life families.MethodWe conducted multilevel analyses using data collected from 249 older women and 643 of their adult children as part of the Within‐Family Differences Study‐I.ResultsWe found evidence for transmission of older women's reported closeness and tension with their mothers and fathers to their reported closeness and tension with their adult children. Adult children's reports also revealed that older women's closeness with their own mothers was transmitted to their adult children's reported closeness with the older women themselves. Mother–child closeness was transmitted more strongly than mother–child tension, and mother–child closeness was transmitted more strongly to daughters than sons, based on adult children's reports.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the continuity of intergenerational influence in later‐life families and highlights the essential roles that selective social learning and social structural position (i.e., gender) play in conditioning the socialization process.
Organizational Stigma: Taking Stock and Opening New Areas for Research
Authors: Hudson Bryant Ashley , Patterson Karen D. W. , Roulet Thomas J. , Helms Wesley S. , Elsbach Kimberly 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSince its introduction as a concept, organizational stigma has become central to explaining how organizations or industries become tainted, and how they overcome and manage such taint. In this introduction to the Special Issue on organizational stigma, we start by exploring the origins of the concept, providing basic definitions and reviewing the existing research on stigmatization, stigma transfer and experienced stigma. The papers in this issue flesh out our understanding of what causes organizational stigma and its implications at different levels. The remainder of this introduction takes stock of this recent work to explore future research opportunities around the micro‐ and macro‐foundations of organizational stigma, the links with scandals, controversies and other negative social evaluations and research methods. As the concept of organizational stigma reaches a new stage, we argue that its explanatory power can be harnessed to explore new and increasingly relevant phenomena and contexts.
Lower SES PhD students experience interpersonal disconnection from others both inside and outside of academia
Authors: Park Hyun Joon , Ruberton Peter M. , Smyth Joshua M. , Cohen Geoffrey L. , Purdie‐Greenaway Valerie , Cook Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudents from lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds can experience stigma in undergraduate educational settings but little research on this topic has been conducted at the PhD level. Lower‐SES PhD students may feel lower levels of social integration as they experience incidents of interpersonal disconnection from others inside and outside of academia. Interpersonal disconnection may be a mechanism by which lower‐SES leads to a lower sense of social integration. In this prospective study of first‐year PhD students at three North American universities (N = 608), we assessed students’ perceived social integration and their interpersonal perceptions inside and outside of academia 2–8 times throughout their first year of graduate school. Relative to higher‐SES students, lower‐SES students perceived lower levels of social integration. They had difficulty making academic friends, felt dissimilar to their academic peers, and perceived a lack of understanding about their work in graduate school from non‐academic families and friends. They also lost non‐academic social ties. These interpersonal disconnections prospectively mediated the association between lower SES and lower levels of perceived social integration. Lower‐SES PhD students are at risk of impaired interpersonal relationships. Institutional policies to promote social connections among PhD students may help lower‐SES students integrate into academia.
ELECTROFACIES DEFINITION AND ZONATION OF THE LOWER CRETACEOUS BARRA VELHA FORMATION CARBONATE RESERVOIR IN THE PRE‐SALT SEQUENCE OF THE SANTOS BASIN, SE BRAZIL
Authors: Camargo M. Molina , Chinelatto G. F. , Basso M. , Vidal A. C. 
Published: September 2022

Lower Cretaceous carbonates in the pre‐salt succession in the Santos Basin, eastern Brazil, are highly heterogeneous in terms of their reservoir characteristics as a result of depositional and diagenetic factors. Electrofacies have widely been used for reservoir zonation and, when allied with computer‐based methods such as neural networks, may help with the study of such complex reservoir rocks and with the identification of high‐quality reservoir zones. In this work, an unsupervised artificial neural network known as a self‐organizing map (SOM) was used to carry out a zonation of the pre‐salt carbonates in the Aptian Barra Velha Formation, the main reservoir unit in the Santos Basin. Available data included gramma‐ray, neutron porosity, resistivity deep, sonic, density, photoelectric factor, total porosity and effective porosity profiles from 21 wells together with mineralogical models. Core descriptions and thin section images were used as additional data for the lithological characterization of the electrofacies and consequently for reservoir zonation. A total of four electrofacies were defined from the SOM application, and five reservoir zones were identified.The characterization of the reservoir zones also considered the structural locations of the wells based on the relative depth to top‐ Barra Velha Formation; well locations were classified as structurally high, intermediate or low. Based on the reservoir zone characteristics, the results could be correlated with zonations in previous studies. A general tendency was noted for there to be an increase of finer‐grained sediments in the formation in wells located in structural lows; packstone and mudstone facies were prevalent in these wells and were in general characterized as poor‐quality reservoir rocks. By contrast, the shrubstones and grainstones which were more frequent in structurally high wells comprised higher quality reservoir rocks.The basal reservoir zone showed wide lithological variation compared to the overlying reservoir zones. Grainstone‐dominated facies were identified in the middle of the formation, and the uppermost reservoir zones were characterized by an upward increase in shrubstones and reworked grainstones which in general pointed to better quality reservoirs.
Diplodia scrobiculata and Neofusicoccum luteum causing dieback of Pinus halepensis in Tunisia
Authors: Hlaiem Sawssen , Yangui Islem , Ezzine Olfa , Jamâa Mohamed L. B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractForest trees withering is an increasingly ubiquitous phenomenon throughout the Mediterranean basin. Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) is one of the dominant conifer species in this region. In the northeastern pine coastal woodland of Tunisia, Pinus halepensis stands originally afforested to stabilize sand dunes are often damaged. Fungal pathogens are among the main causes of forest tree diseases. Species of the Botryosphaeriaceae family, having a worldwide distribution, are well known as plant pathogens including Pinus spp. Pinus halepensis trees are suffering from shoot dieback, branch cankers and trunk cankers in two Tunisian forests. The objective of the present work was to characterize Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with P. halepensis branch canker in Bizerte (Rimel forest). A total of 43 isolates were obtained from infected branches of P. halepensis trees. Using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, two Botryosphaeriaceae species were identified, that is Diplodia scrobiculata and Neofusicoccum luteum. Pathogenicity tests were performed on 3‐year‐old P. halepensis plants and both isolates were found to be pathogenic. Diplodia scrobiculata was the more virulent species had a greater virulence than Neofusicoccum luteum based on the length of vascular necrosis in the wood of the P. halepensis inoculated stem. To our knowledge, this is the first record of Neofusicoccum luteum and Diplodia scrobiculata associated with P. halepensis branch canker and dieback in Tunisia and worldwide.
Massive gastric dilatation associated with uncontrolled epilepsy in MELAS syndrome
Authors: Cardosa‐Aguilar Armando , Martínez‐Bravo Luis E. , Garza‐Rivera Juan de Dios , Hidalgo‐Díaz Diego A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report a 23‐year‐old‐female with MELAS (Mitochondrial myopathy, Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis, Stroke‐like episodes) syndrome with uncontrolled epilepsy due to massive gastric dilatation, immediate decompression and medical treatment was initiated; after it, she improved remarkably and has remained seizure free following hospitalization. This case illustrates massive gastric dilatation, an uncommon and underdiagnosed presentation of intestinal pseudo‐obstruction, as a potential cause of uncontrolled epilepsy in patients with MELAS syndrome.
Three‐dimensional digital assessment of typodont activations
Authors: Kang Austin , Firth Fiona Alison , Antoun Joseph , Mei Li , Ali Azam , Farella Mauro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesWax typodonts are widely used as pre‐clinical teaching tools to test and research the complex force systems created by archwire activations, however, a limitation is the inability to quantify the resultant statically indeterminate tooth movements. The aim of this study was to develop an analogue‐to‐digital typodont system to quantify the effects of archwire activations on individual typodont teeth in three dimensions.MethodsThe typodont system was developed using CAD/CAM technology. Posterior expansion, squared, tapered, asymmetrical arch forms and reversed curve of Spee activations were tested with three repeats. The resulting three‐dimensional movements of individual typodont teeth were assessed with six degrees of freedom (df). Cartesian coordinate systems were set for each tooth. Mesio‐distal, bucco‐lingual and intrusive–extrusive movements were assessed as changes in the location of the geometrically estimated centre of resistance in the x, y and z axes, respectively. Torque, tip and rotation movements were assessed as the rotations around the mesio‐distal, bucco‐lingual and intrusive–extrusive axes, respectively.ResultsIndividual typodont tooth displacements from each activation could reliably be described with six df. The transversal‐to‐sagittal movement ratio ranged from 2:1 to 7:1, depending on the activation. Asymmetrical arch form activations caused a midline shift and affected the lateral overjet. Reversing the curve of Spee led to intrusion of incisors and second molars, extrusion of premolars and first molars and pronounced first and third order effects.ConclusionThe digital typodont system is a promising teaching tool. The tested activations have implications in three dimensions, which should be considered when planning tooth movements.
Triangular Mechanical Structure of the Proximal Femur
Authors: Xu Gaoxiang , Li Jiantao , Xu Cheng , Xiong Dou , Li Hua , Wang Daofeng , Zhang Wupeng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe mechanical high modulus structure of the proximal femur could guide clinical surgical treatment and instrument design of proximal femoral fractures. The purpose of this study is to analyze and verify the mechanical structure of the proximal femur.MethodsA total of 375 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were imaged using computed tomography (CT) scans. Patients were grouped according to age and sex. Cortical and medullary cavity parameters (cortical thickness [CTh], cortical mean density [CM], upper‐lower diameter length [ULL], and medial‐lateral diameter length [MLL]) were measured at eight planes. Six proximal femoral finite element models of different sexes and ages were constructed. To verify the measurement results, Abaqus was used to implement the force load to describe the von Mises stress distribution, and the maximum von Mises stress values of each wall of the proximal femur were compared.ResultsThe CTh values of the lower and upper walls were higher than those of the anterior and posterior walls of the femoral neck (p < 0.05). The CM values of the lower and upper walls were higher than those of the anterior and posterior walls of the subcephalic and middle femoral neck (p < 0.05). The ULL value gradually increased from the subcephalic region to the bottom (p < 0.05). The CTh and CM values of the medial and lateral walls were higher than those of the anterior and posterior walls in the femoral trochanteric region (p < 0.05). The MLL value decreased gradually from the plane 20 mm above the upper edge to that 20 mm below the vertex of the femoral lesser trochanter (p < 0.05). The von Mises stress was concentrated on the upper and lower walls of the femoral neck and on the medial and lateral walls of the femoral trochanteric region. The maximum von Mises stress values of the upper and lower walls were higher than those of the anterior and posterior walls of the femoral neck. The maximum von Mises stress values of the medial and lateral walls were higher than those of the anterior and posterior walls in the femoral trochanteric region, except for the plane 20 mm above the upper edge of the femoral lesser trochanter.ConclusionThe bone mass of the proximal femur presented a triangular high‐modulus distribution, which bore the main stress of the proximal femur. The triangular mechanical structure provides a guideline for the surgical strategy and instrument design of the proximal femur.
Hydrocolloid dressing for the treatment of severe diaper dermatitis
Authors: Giacaman Aniza , Boix‐Vilanova Julián , Martín‐Santiago Ana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDiaper dermatitis is a common dermatosis that usually responds to adequate hygiene and topical treatment, but can be a therapeutic challenge. Continuous exposure to feces and urine can cause extensive erosions and pain. The use of hydrocolloid dressings may be helpful in keeping the skin isolated from stool and urine, reducing pain, and enabling skin lesions to heal. We explain an easy technique, utilizing stoma powder and a hydrocolloid dressing, for parents to apply at home.