bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of treatment and clinical course during Emergency Department stay on severity scoring and predicted mortality risk in Intensive Care patients
Authors: Candel Bart G. J. , Raven Wouter , Lameijer Heleen , Thijssen Wendy A. M. H. , Termorshuizen Fabian , Boerma Christiaan , de Keizer Nicolette F. , de Jonge Evert , de Groot Bas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Treatment and the clinical course during Emergency Department (ED) stay before Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission may affect predicted mortality risk calculated by the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-IV, causing lead-time bias. As a result, comparing standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) among hospitals may be difficult if they differ in the location where initial stabilization takes place. The aim of this study was to assess to what extent predicted mortality risk would be affected if the APACHE-IV score was recalculated with the initial physiological variables from the ED. Secondly, to evaluate whether ED Length of Stay (LOS) was associated with a change (delta) in these APACHE-IV scores.

Methods
An observational multicenter cohort study including ICU patients admitted from the ED. Data from two Dutch quality registries were linked: the Netherlands Emergency department Evaluation Database (NEED) and the National Intensive Care Evaluation (NICE) registry. The ICU APACHE-IV, predicted mortality, and SMR based on data of the first 24 h of ICU admission were compared with an ED APACHE-IV model, using the most deviating physiological variables from the ED or ICU.

Results
A total of 1398 patients were included. The predicted mortality from the ICU APACHE-IV (median 0.10; IQR 0.03–0.30) was significantly lower compared to the ED APACHE-IV model (median 0.13; 0.04–0.36; p < 0.01). The SMR changed from 0.63 (95%CI 0.54–0.72) to 0.55 (95%CI 0.47–0.63) based on ED APACHE-IV. Predicted mortality risk changed more than 5% in 321 (23.2%) patients by using the ED APACHE-IV. ED LOS > 3.9 h was associated with a slight increase in delta APACHE-IV of 1.6 (95% CI 0.4–2.8) compared to ED LOS < 1.7 h.

Conclusion
Predicted mortality risks and SMRs calculated by the APACHE IV scores are not directly comparable in patients admitted from the ED if hospitals differ in their policy to stabilize patients in the ED before ICU admission. Future research should focus on developing models to adjust for these differences.
Green HPLC method with time programming for the determination of the co-formulated eye drops of tafluprost and timolol in their challengeable ratio
Authors: Abd-AlGhafar Walaa Nabil , Aly Fatma Ahmed , Sheribah Zeinab Awad , Saad Samar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA new, simple and selective HPLC method was implemented for the simultaneous estimation of tafluprost (TFL) and timolol (TIM) in their new anti-glaucoma combination in the challengeable ratio of 3 and 1000 for TFL and TIM, respectively. Separation was achieved using a BDS Hypersil phenyl column and a mobile phase made up of acetonitrile: 0.015 M phosphate buffer (50:50 v/v, pH 3.5) delivered at 1 mL min−1 and the separation was completed in less than 6 min. UV detection was time programmed at 220 nm for the first 4.5 min and later at 254 nm. Mebeverine (MEB) was used as an internal standard (I.S.). The linearity was observed in the ranges of 0.6–45 and 50–2000 µg mL−1 with limits of detection (LOD) of 0.18, 16.48 µg mL−1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) of 0.55, 49.94 µg mL−1 for TFL and TIM, respectively. The method satisfied International Council for Harmonization (ICH) validation guidelines. The study was extended to the estimation of the studied drugs in their co-formulated eye drops as well as in their single dosage forms with acceptable percentage recoveries. Moreover, Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and analytical Eco-scale were investigated to confirm the greenness of the proposed HPLC method.
Association between densities of adult and immature stages of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in space and time: implications for vector surveillance
Authors: Parra Maisa Carla Pereira , Lorenz Camila , Dibo Margareth Regina , de Aguiar Milhim Bruno Henrique Gonçalves , Guirado Marluci Monteiro , Nogueira Mauricio Lacerda , Chiaravalloti-Neto Francisco 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Mosquito control is currently the main tool available to contain the spread of several arboviruses in Brazil. We have evaluated the association between entomological surveys of female adult Aedes aegypti and the Breteau index (BI) in space and time in a hyperendemic area, and compared the human resources costs required to measure each of these indicators.

Methods
Entomological surveys were conducted between 2016 and 2019 in Vila Toninho, a neighborhood in the city of São José do Rio Preto, Brazil. Monthly records of collected mosquito specimens were made and then grouped by season.

Results
Our findings showed that adult and immature mosquitoes are more related in time than in space, possibly due to differences in their habitats or in climate variables. Bayesian temporal modeling revealed that an increase in 1 standard deviation in the BI was associated with a 27% increase in the number of adult female mosquitoes when adjusted for climatic conditions. The cost of entomological surveys of adult mosquitoes was found to be 83% lower than the cost of determining the BI when covering the same geographic area.

Conclusions
For fine-scale assessments, a simple measure of adult Ae. aegypti abundance may be more realistic than aquatic indicators, but the adult indices are not necessarily the only reliable measure. Surveying adult female mosquitoes has significant potential for optimizing vector control strategies because, unlike the BI, this tool provides an effective indicator for micro-areas within an urban region. It should be noted that the results of the present study may be due to specific features of of the study area, and future studies should analyze whether the patterns found in the study neighborhood are also found in other regions.

Graphical Abstract
Meaningful benefits: a framework to assess disease-modifying therapies in preclinical and early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Assunção Sheila Seleri , Sperling Reisa A. , Ritchie Craig , Kerwin Diana R. , Aisen Paul S. , Lansdall Claire , Atri Alireza , Cummings Jeffrey 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The need for preventive therapies that interrupt the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) before the onset of symptoms or when symptoms are emerging is urgent and has spurred the ongoing development of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in preclinical and early AD (mild cognitive impairment [MCI] to mild dementia). Assessing the meaningfulness of what are likely small initial treatment effects in these earlier stages of the AD patho-clinical disease continuum is a major challenge and warrants further consideration.

Body
To accommodate a shift towards earlier intervention in AD, we propose meaningful benefits as a new umbrella concept that encapsulates the spectrum of potentially desirable outcomes that may be demonstrated in clinical trials and other studies across the AD continuum, with an emphasis on preclinical AD and early AD (i.e., MCI due to AD and mild AD dementia). The meaningful benefits framework applies to data collection, assessment, and communication across three dimensions: (1) multidimensional clinical outcome assessments (COAs) including not only core disease outcomes related to cognition and function but also patient- and caregiver-reported outcomes, health and economic outcomes, and neuropsychiatric symptoms; (2) complementary analyses that help contextualize and expand the understanding of COA-based assessments, such as number-needed-to-treat or time-to-event analyses; and (3) assessment of both cumulative benefit and predictive benefit, where early changes on cognitive, functional, or biomarker assessments predict longer-term clinical benefit.

Conclusion
The concept of meaningful benefits emphasizes the importance of multidimensional reporting of clinical trial data while, conceptually, it advances our understanding of treatment effects in preclinical AD and mild cognitive impairment due to AD. We propose that such an approach will help bridge the gap between the emergence of DMTs and their clinical use, particularly now that a DMT is available for patients diagnosed with MCI due to AD and mild AD dementia.
Standards of conduct and reporting in evidence syntheses that could inform environmental policy and management decisions
Authors: Pullin Andrew S. , Cheng Samantha H. , Jackson Josephine D’Urban , Eales Jacqualyn , Envall Ida , Fada Salamatu J. , Frampton Geoff K. , Harper Meagan , Kadykalo Andrew N. , Kohl Christian , Konno Ko , Livoreil Barbara , Ouédraogo Dakis-Yaoba , O’Leary Bethan C. , Pullin George , Randall Nicola , Rees Rebecca , Smith Adrienne , Sordello Romain , Sterling Eleanor J. , Twardek Will M. , Woodcock Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAccurate, unbiased and concise synthesis of available evidence following clear methodology and transparent reporting is necessary to support effective environmental policy and management decisions. Without this, less reliable and/or less objective reviews of evidence could inform decision making, leading to ineffective, resource wasteful interventions with potential for unintended consequences. We evaluated the reliability of over 1000 evidence syntheses (reviews and overviews) published between 2018 and 2020 that provide evidence on the impacts of human activities or effectiveness of interventions relevant to environmental management. The syntheses are drawn from the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence Database of Evidence Reviews (CEEDER), an online, freely available evidence service for evidence users that assesses the reliability of evidence syntheses using a series of published criteria. We found that the majority of syntheses have problems with transparency, replicability and potential for bias. Overall, our results suggest that most recently published evidence syntheses are of low reliability to inform decision making. Reviews that followed guidance and reporting standards for evidence synthesis had improved assessment ratings, but there remains substantial variation in the standard of reviews amongst even these. Furthermore, the term ‘systematic review’, which implies conformity with a methodological standard, was frequently misused. A major objective of the CEEDER project is to improve the reliability of the global body of environmental evidence reviews. To this end we outline freely available online resources to help improve review conduct and reporting. We call on authors, editors and peer reviewers to use these resources to ensure more reliable syntheses in the future.
Scheimpflug lidar range profiling of bee activity patterns and spatial distributions
Authors: Rydhmer Klas , Prangsma Jord , Brydegaard Mikkel , Smith Henrik G. , Kirkeby Carsten , Kappel Schmidt Inger , Boelt Birte 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Recent declines of honeybees and simplifications of wild bee communities, at least partly attributed to changes of agricultural landscapes, have worried both the public and the scientific community. To understand how wild and managed bees respond to landscape structure it is essential to investigate their spatial use of foraging habitats. However, such studies are challenging since the foraging behaviour of bees differs between species and can be highly dynamic. Consequently, the necessary data collection is laborious using conventional methods and there is a need for novel methods that allow for automated and continuous monitoring of bees. In this work, we deployed an entomological lidar in a homogenous white clover seed crop and profiled the activity of honeybees and other ambient insects in relation to a cluster of beehives.

Results
In total, 566,609 insect observations were recorded by the lidar. The total measured range distribution was separated into three groups, out of which two were centered around the beehives and considered to be honeybees, while the remaining group was considered to be wild insects. The validity of this model in separating honeybees from wild insects was verified by the average wing modulation frequency spectra in the dominating range interval for each group. The temporal variation in measured activity of the assumed honeybee observations was well correlated with honeybee activity indirectly estimated using hive scales as well as directly observed using transect counts.
Additional insight regarding the three-dimensional distribution of bees close to the hive was provided by alternating the beam between two heights, revealing a “funnel like” distribution around the beehives, widening with height.

Conclusions
We demonstrate how lidar can record very high numbers of insects during a short time period. In this work, a spatial model, derived from the detection limit of the lidar and two Gaussian distributions of honeybees centered around their hives was sufficient to reproduce the observations of honeybees and background insects. This methodology can in the future provide valuable new information on how external factors influence pollination services and foraging habitat selection and range of both managed bees and wild pollinators.
An open invitation to productive conversations about feminism and the spectrum of eating disorders (part 2): Potential contributions to the science of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention
Authors: LaMarre Andrea , Levine Michael P. , Holmes Su , Malson Helen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe role of feminism in eating disorders research, treatment, and advocacy continues to be debated, with little agreement in sight about the role—or lack thereof—of feminist eating disorders work. In these debates, the opportunity to open fruitful conversations about eating disorders that generate new possibilities for researching, treating, and preventing them is missed. This article is the second in a series of two papers that invite such a discussion. In this article, we focus on five key contributions that feminist eating disorder work has made and can make moving forward. These are contextualizing treatment, attending to lived experiences, expanding the meanings of “sociocultural influences,” diversifying methodologies, and situating recoveries. We do not propose to offer a “final word” on feminisms and eating disorders, but instead to start conversations about how we understand, research, and treat eating disorders.
Circus is a performance but it is also a building—memory of circus buildings in Europe
Authors: Divac Marija , Krklješ Milena , Milošević Sara 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCircus spectacle, its architectural concept and its content, has changed throughout the centuries, following social events and cultural frameworks of time periods. In this research paper, we investigate the history of circus in Europe which occurred in between the eighteenth century and today’s twenty-first century. The evolution of circus gradually took place and could be followed through the modifications in forms of the buildings in different cities of the continent. Firstly, we research their stationary architecture which establishment is just over in this period. Even though the performance is still changing and modifying, it is questionable if the stationary circuses achieved in adjusting and transform for the purposes of modern society or, on the other hand, they are reorganized in their function and are becoming something completely different.
Dissociation, trauma, and borderline personality disorder
Authors: Krause-Utz Annegret 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDissociation is a complex phenomenon, which occurs in various clinical conditions, including dissociative disorders, (complex) post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD, PTSD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Traumatic stress is considered an important risk factor, while the etiology of dissociation is still debated. Next to traumatic experiences, temperamental and neurobiological vulnerabilities seem to contribute to the development of dissociation. Stress-related dissociation is a prevalent symptom of BPD, which may interfere with psychosocial functioning and treatment outcome. More research in the field is strongly needed to improve the understanding and management of this complex phenomenon. This article collection brings together research on dissociation and trauma, with a special focus on BPD or sub-clinical expressions of BPD. In this editorial, recent conceptualizations of dissociation and relevant previous research are introduced in order to provide a framework for this novel research.
Ethanol-sensing properties of cobalt porphyrin-functionalized titanium dioxide nanoparticles as chemiresistive materials that are integrated into a low power microheater
Authors: Kim Kwanhun , Kang Yunsung , Bae Kyubin , Kim Jongbaeg 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGaseous ethanol detection has attracted significant interest owing to its practical applications such as in breath analysis, chemical process monitoring, and safety evaluations of food packaging. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles functionalized with cobalt porphyrin (CoPP) are utilized as resistive ethanol-sensing materials, and are integrated with a suspended micro-heater for low power consumption. The micro-heater with the suspended structure inhibits substrate heat transfer, resulting in power consumption as low as 18 mW when the operating temperature is approximately 300 °C. CoPP functionalization allows an enhanced response (197.8%) to 10 ppm ethanol compared to that of pristine TiO2 nanoparticles. It is confirmed that the sensor response is reliable upon exposure to 10 ppm ethanol for three cycles. In addition, responses of different magnitude are obtained under exposure to ethanol at various concentrations from 9 to 1 ppm, indicating that the resistance change originates from a charge transfer between the sensing materials and target gas. The sensing mechanism of CoPP-functionalized TiO2 in relation to charge transfer is analyzed, and the performance of the proposed sensor with previously reported TiO2-based ethanol sensors is compared. Considering that it is processed by batch fabrication, consumes low power, and offers high sensitivity, the proposed sensor is promising for use as a portable sensor in the distributed monitoring of gaseous ethanol.
The lightfastness of early synthetic organic dyes
Authors: Hagan Eric , Castro-Soto Itxel , Breault Marianne , Poulin Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Synthetic organic colourants are extremely prominent in heritage collections, particularly throughout textiles. They are often generalized as highly light-sensitive; although, a broad distribution of lightfastness exists. This is evident in various fastness ratings published in late nineteenth century literature, the work of Schultz and Julius, and the Colour Index. In heritage conservation, much of the research related to light-sensitivity of dyed textiles has focused on natural colourants. This is likely due to a general interest in the dyes present on older objects, and the overwhelming selection of modern synthetic materials. To address this gap, a shortlist of targeted synthetic dyes was recently developed using census data for dye production and imports in the United States, and information gathered from the Colour Index. Our present work provides a follow up to the prior literature review, where a subset of samples from the published target list was used to evaluate lightfastness. To begin the study, a collection of dyed textiles from the last quarter of the nineteenth century was gathered from trade publications of the period, and those matching the target criteria were reserved for analysis. The lightfastness of more than 100 early synthetic dyes was then investigated using the historic materials. Test specimens were illuminated with a custom-built fadometer containing an LED light source that is characteristic of modern gallery lighting. Four batches of samples were exposed at 20 klx for approximately 6 months each, and diffuse reflectance was periodically measured with a portable spectrophotometer over white and black backgrounds. Measurements were taken at increasing light dose values to reach at least 85 Mlx·h per batch. Visible reflectance spectra were recorded in a dataset to document the colours as a function of light exposure, and foster future colorimetry research. Colour change was also calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula to assess lightfastness, and results were summarized as a resource to further develop risk analysis tools for exhibit lighting. In this paper, a detailed description of the test apparatus is presented with an overview of the lightfastness results and the resulting dataset. Comparisons are given with nineteenth century lightfastness data, and ISO values available in the Colour Index. It is hoped that the associated dataset will provide a foundation to be expanded over time with interest in further materials and test methods.
Molecular characterization of a novel Conyza canadensis-infecting begomovirus in China
Authors: Li Pengbai , Li Ke , Jing Chenchen , Wu Rui , Wu Gentu , Li Mingjun , Qing Ling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA novel monopartite begomovirus was found in naturally infected Conyza canadensis plants exhibiting typical begomovirus-induced yellow vein symptoms in Yunnan Province of China. Analysis of two obtained full-length viral genome sequences showed that they shared 99.8% nucleotide (nt) sequence similarity, and both consisted of 2733 nts (GenBank accession no. OK120264 and OK120266, respectively). Further analysis showed that these two sequences shared the highest nt sequence similarity (78.9%) with tomato yellow leaf curl Vietnam virus (TYLCVV) (EU189150). In the assayed C. canadensis plants, a betasatellite of 1,341 nts (Accession no. OK120265 and OK120267, respectively) was also found, and it shared 98.1% sequence similarity with malvastrum yellow vein betasatellite (MaYVB) (JX679254). Based on the current classification criteria for begomoviruses, we consider that the two obtained viral isolates are a novel begomovirus, and named it as conyza yellow vein virus (CoYVV). Our further analysis result showed that CoYVV is likely originated from a recombination event between tomato yellow leaf curl Yunnan virus (TYLCYnV) and tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV). To investigate the effect of CoYVV infection in plant, we constructed two infectious clones (i.e., pCoYVV and pMaYVB), and inoculated them individually or together to Nicotiana benthamiana plants through agro-infiltration. The result showed that the plants co-inoculated with CoYVV and MaYVB developed yellow vein and downward leaf-curling symptoms, whereas the plants inoculated with CoYVV alone showed no clear virus-like symptoms. Virus infection in the inoculated N. benthamiana plants was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The result of quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that in the presence of MaYVB, the accumulation level of CoYVV DNA was significantly increased compared to that in the plants infected with CoYVV alone.