bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current practice, attitude and views of providing pregnancy care for women with type 1 diabetes in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Luo Sihui , Yan Jinhua , Yang Daizhi , Xiong Shanshan , Wang Chaofan , Guo Yan , Yao Bin , Weng Jianping , Zheng Xueying 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveData are sparse on healthcare needs related to pregnancy among Chinese women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or the gap between the needs and healthcare provision in China. We aimed to identify their needs and the gaps in pregnancy care provision.DesignThis is a qualitative, face-to-face, one-to-one in-depth interview study. We recruited our participants using a purposive sampling strategy. Semistructural outlines were used to guide the interviews. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic framework method with NVivo V.10.0.SettingGuangdong Province in China.ParticipantsThis study involved three key stakeholders of pregnancy care for women with T1D: 29 women with T1D of childbearing age (aged 18–50 years), 16 family members (husbands, parents and parents-in-law of women with T1D) and 35 relevant healthcare providers (HCPs).ResultsWe found that women with T1D and the family members had a more pessimistic attitude towards pregnancy outcomes, which was different from the more positive view of HCPs. However, all three stakeholders shared the following perspectives regarding pregnancy-related care for women with T1D: (1) lack of knowledge and access to education, (2) lack of multidisciplinary cooperation, (3) education should be started earlier in adulthood, (3) positive role of peer support, and (4) hope for future training of HCPs for relevant knowledge and skills specified for T1D and pregnancy with T1D.ConclusionsAn immense gap was identified between the needs of women with T1D regarding pregnancy-related care and current care provision in China. These findings suggest that education be provided to patients and HCPs, and the role of professional and multidisciplinary support should be enhanced to optimise pregnancy care for women with T1D in China.
Community collaboration to improve access and outcomes in breast cancer reconstruction: protocol for a mixed-methods qualitative research study
Authors: Mundy Lily R , Stukes Bryanna , Njoroge Moreen , Fish Laura Jane , Sergesketter Amanda R , Wang Sabrina M , Worthy Valarie , Fayanju Oluwadamilola M , Greenup Rachel A , Hollenbeck Scott T 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBreast reconstruction plays an important role for many in restoring form and function of the breast after mastectomy. However, rates of breast reconstruction in the USA vary significantly by race, ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The lower rates of breast reconstruction in non-white women and in women of lower socioeconomic status may reflect a complex interplay between patient and physician factors and access to care. It remains unknown what community-specific barriers may be impacting receipt of breast reconstruction.Methods and analysisThis is a mixed-methods study combining qualitative patient interview data with quantitative practice patterns to develop an actionable plan to address disparities in breast reconstruction in the local community. The primary aims are to (1) capture barriers to breast reconstruction for patients in the local community, (2) quantitatively evaluate practice patterns at the host institution and (3) identify issues and prioritise interventions for change using community-based engagement.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained at the investigators’ institution. Results from both the quantitative and qualitative portions of the study will be circulated via peer-review publication. These findings will also serve as pilot data for extramural funding to implement and evaluate these proposed solutions.
Less than full-time training (LTFT), is this the new norm? A cross-sectional study using a UK-wide online survey to evaluate trainees’ views and intentions for LTFT
Authors: Cathcart Jennifer , Mayne Kaitlin J , Hull Richard , Jones Michael , Miller Alastair 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesInterest in less than full-time training (LTFT) is growing among doctors in training. LTFT applications have previously been limited to fulfilment of specific criteria such as childcare or health reasons, but Health Education for England (HEE) has recently completed a pilot into LTFT for a third category: lifestyle choice. This was recognised as an opportunity to canvas trainee perspectives and intentions on LTFT and implications for workforce planning.DesignA cross-sectional study of UK trainees via an online questionnaire.Setting/participantsThe survey was distributed via email to trainees in all specialities and stages of training across the UK. The survey focused on three key themes: experiences of current LTFT trainees, perspectives of trainees considering LTFT in the future and experience of working with LTFT colleagues.ResultsResponses were received from 783 trainees across the UK, with most responses received from physician trainees (76%). Current LTFT trainees represented one-third of respondents. Of those not currently working LTFT, 75% expressed an intention to do so in future with lifestyle being the most common reason. Almost half of this group were concerned about the impact on their training. Stigma, reduced training opportunities, prolonged training and the application process were commonly cited barriers. These difficulties were experienced by several current LTFT trainees, 32% of whom described a negative impact on their training. Almost two-thirds (62%) of respondents stated they wish to work LTFT as a consultant.ConclusionSystems must adapt to increase access to LTFT training to promote trainee well-being and retention. Progress is being made and we suggest HEE’s category three pilot be rolled out across the UK as a priority. Workforce planning needs to consider the substantial rise in popularity of LTFT among trainees to offset any shortfalls in the present and future workforce.
Dietary and/or physical activity interventions in women with overweight or obesity prior to fertility treatment: protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Evans-Hoeker Emily , Wang Zheng , Groen Henk , Cantineau Astrid E P , Thurin‐Kjellberg Ann , Bergh Christina , Laven Joop S E , Dietz de Loos Alexandra , Jiskoot Geranne , Baillargeon Jean-Patrice , Palomba Stefano , Sim Kyra , Moran Lisa J , Espinós Juan J , Moholdt Trine , Rothberg Amy E , Shoupe Donna , Hoek Annemieke , Legro Richard S , Mol Ben W , Wang Rui 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionDietary and/or physical activity interventions are often recommended for women with overweight or obesity as the first step prior to fertility treatment. However, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) so far have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, we propose this individual participant data meta-analysis (IPDMA) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of dietary and/or physical activity interventions in women with infertility and overweight or obesity on reproductive, maternal and perinatal outcomes and to explore if there are subgroup(s) of women who benefit from each specific intervention or their combination (treatment–covariate interactions).Methods and analysisWe will include RCTs with dietary and/or physical activity interventions as core interventions prior to fertility treatment in women with infertility and overweight or obesity. The primary outcome will be live birth. We will search MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and trial registries to identify eligible studies. We will approach authors of eligible trials to contribute individual participant data (IPD). We will perform risk of bias assessments according to the Risk of Bias 2 tool and a random-effects IPDMA. We will then explore treatment–covariate interactions for important participant-level characteristics.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval for the project (Venus-IPD) was exempted by the medical ethics committee of the University Medical Center Groningen (METc code: 2021/563, date: 17 November 2021). Data transfer agreement will be obtained from each participating institute/hospital. Outcomes will be disseminated internationally through the collaborative group, conference presentations and peer-reviewed publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021266201.
‘Out of sync’: a qualitative investigation of patients’ experiences of atrial fibrillation and perceptions of weight management
Authors: Bates Rachel Wendy , Bailey Cara , Topping AE 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo explore ways to enhance the design of risk factor management and weight-loss services for people with overweight/obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF).BackgroundAF is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, with serious consequences for health and quality of life. Some evidence indicates weight reduction in people with AF and overweight/obesity may improve symptoms. This population may require additional support with weight management due to factors associated with ageing and health.DesignQualitative investigation based on semi-structured interviews.Methods12 adult participants (4 female, 8 male) with diagnosed AF and a current or previous body mass index >27 kg/m2were recruited at a large tertiary cardiac referral centre in southern England between September 2020 and January 2021. Participants completed quality of life and AF symptom questionnaires using Think-Aloud technique and semi-structured interviews relating to their weight management experiences, needs and preferences. Interviews were audio recorded and analysed thematically using the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation-Behaviour model as a theoretical framework.ResultsThree main themes were identified.Being out of rhythmexplores the psychological and physical impact of AF on weight management;doing the right thingdiscusses participants’ weight management experiences andbroaching the subjectexplores participants’ perspectives on weight management conversations with clinicians.ConclusionsThere was dissatisfaction with the weight management advice received from healthcare professionals including cardiologists. Participants wanted open, non-judgemental discussion of cardiac health implications of overweight/obesity supported by referral to weight management services. Improved communication including research findings regarding the benefits of weight loss as a factor in AF management might increase motivation to adhere to weight-loss advice in this population.
Increased cytomegalovirus immune responses at disease onset are protective in the long-term prognosis of patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Comabella Manuel , Tintore Mar , Sao Avilés Augusto , Carbonell-Mirabent Pere , Malhotra Sunny , Rovira Alex , Fissolo Nicolás , Lünemann Jan D , Montalban Xavier 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveIt remains unclear whether viral infections interfere with multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression. We evaluated the prognostic role of antibody responses toward viruses determined at disease onset on long-term disease outcomes.MethodsHumoral immune responses against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded nuclear antigen EBNA1, viral capsid antigen (VCA) and early antigen, and toward cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpesvirus 6 and measles were investigated in a cohort of 143 patients with MS for their association with long-term disability and inflammation disease outcomes.ResultsMedian (IQR) follow-up was 20 (17.2–22.8) years. In univariable analysis, increased HCMV levels were associated with a lower risk to Expanded Disability Status Scale 4.0 (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91 to 0.99; p=0.03), to develop a secondary progressive MS (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.90 to 0.99; p=0.02) and to first-line treatment (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99; p=0.04). High HCMV IgG levels were associated with a longer time to first-line treatment (p=0.01). Increased immune responses against EBV-VCA were associated with higher risk for first-line (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.88; p=0.005) and second-line treatments (HR 2.03; 95% CI 1.18 to 3.49; p=0.01), and high VCA IgG levels were associated with shorter time to first-line (p=0.004) and second-line (p=0.02) therapies. EBNA1-specific IgG levels correlated with disease severity (0.17; p=0.04) and with an increased relapse rate during follow-up (relapse rate 1.26; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.56; p=0.02) that remained stable in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsThese results indicate that elevated immune responses against HCMV at disease onset have protective effects on long-term disability and inflammation disease outcomes. Our data also indicate that increased immune responses against EBV in early phases may influence long-term disease prognosis.
Anxiety and depression in lung cancer: effect of psychological interventions – network meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Dongling , Huang Yuda , Wu Jialing , Guo Zhenli , Li Shansi , Zhang Yi 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe prevalence of depression and anxiety is high in patients with lung cancer, while multiple psychological interventions have revealed a positive impact on patients’ negative emotions. However, it remains scarce which psychological intervention is the best choice for patients.This study was conducted to compare and rank the efficacy of psychological interventions on anxiety and depression in patients with lung cancer using a network meta-analysis.MethodsThe Chinese academic database (CNKI, Wan Fang and Vip) and English academic database (The Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science) were searched from their inception to March 2022. Randomised controlled studies of psychological interventions on depression and anxiety in patients with lung cancer were included. Study selection and evaluation were conducted independently by two researchers. Included studies were performed a network meta-analysis to compare and rank the psychological interventions for negative emotions of patients with lung cancer. The clustered ranking of psychotherapies in the network was based on surface under the cumulative probability ranking curve values.Results23 studies (2221 participants) with 13 psychological interventions were retrieved. The random-effects model showed a significantly large effect size of supportive therapy for anxiety (mean difference, MD 14.38, 95% CI 2.42 to 26.21) and depression (MD 14.29, 95% CI 2.74 to 25.70). The supportive therapy, sandplay therapy and music therapy were top three rankings of interventions for anxiety, while supportive therapy, dignity therapy and sandplay therapy were the top three interventions for depression.ConclusionsSupportive therapy would be a more appropriate option for alleviating negative emotions in patients with lung cancer. Other psychological intervention techniques may be used as alternatives, such as sandplay therapy and music therapy for anxiety, dignity therapy and sandplay therapy for depression.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022320188.
Online e-cigarette promotion in Indonesia
Authors: Bigwanto Mouhamad , Ramadhan Farandi Agesti , Wijayanto Xenia Angelica 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe decline in the global prevalence of cigarette smoking has prompted tobacco companies to expand their business by producing and marketing new nicotine-based products in various countries, including Indonesia. The study aims to assess e-cigarette promotional frequency and content on social media in Indonesia.MethodsMonitoring was conducted on Instagram in October 2021. A total of 45 Instagram influencer accounts were monitored to assess the frequency of posting and interactions from 4 to 20 October for InstaStories and from 4 to 31 October for Instagram Feeds. Content analysis was carried out on 310 posts collected from 10 randomly selected accounts from 1 to 31 October (one post per account per day) to evaluate the form, type and characteristics of the promotions.ResultsThere were a total of 2 897 327 followers across the 45 Instagram accounts. On average, the 45 accounts posted about 185 stories and 43 feed posts per day. Of the 310 feed posts analysed from 10 randomly selected accounts, 64% featured images of women; 50% highlighted or displayed the product; and 32% showed enjoyment of the product flavours.ConclusionsThe tobacco industry has successfully taken advantage of the e-cigarette promotion regulatory void. The Indonesian government needs to ban the promotion of these products, including those on online platforms.
Echoes of charged black-bounce spacetimes
Authors: Wu S. R. , Wang B. Q. , Liu Dong , Long Z. W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn present work, the evolution of scalar field and electromagnetic field under the background of the charged black-bounce spacetimes are investigated, and we obtain an obvious echoes signal which appropriately reports the properties of the charged black-bounce spacetimes and disclose the physical reasons behind such phenomena. Furthermore, by studying the quasinormal ringdown, we analyze the three states of the charged black-bounce spacetimes in detail, our results show that the echoes signal only appears when $$(|{Q}|\le m)$$

(
|
Q
|
≤
m
)

and $$(|{l}|> m+ \sqrt{m ^{2}-Q^{2} })$$

(
|
l
|
>
m
+

m
2

-

Q
2

)

in this spacetime, while when the parameters demand $$(|{Q}|>m)$$

(
|
Q
|
>
m
)

, the echoes signal will be transformed into a quasinormal ringdown of the two-way traversable wormhole, and the charged black-bounce is a regular black hole with normal horizons by requiring $$(|{Q}|\le m)$$

(
|
Q
|
≤
m
)

and $$(|{l}|< m-\sqrt{m ^{2}-Q^{2} })$$

(
|
l
|
<
m
-

m
2

-

Q
2

)

.
Ecological and evolutionary responses of terrestrial arthropods to Middle–Late Pennsylvanian environmental change
Authors: Donovan Michael P. , Schachat Sandra R. , Monarrez Pedro M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Middle–Late Pennsylvanian Subperiod was marked by recurrent glacial–interglacial cycles superimposed on a longer-term trend of increasing aridity. Wetland and drought-tolerant floras responded with repeated migrations in the tropics, and a major plant turnover occurred in swamp ecosystems in parts of Euramerica near the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian boundary. However, the corresponding ecological and evolutionary responses of insects and other terrestrial arthropods are poorly understood. Here, we review the record of plant–arthropod interactions and analyse origination and extinction rates of insects during the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian. Although preliminary, plant–arthropod associations broadly persist through the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian boundary, and new damage types and host-plant associations first appear in the Late Pennsylvanian, possibly related to increased availability of accessible vascular and foliar tissues associated with the shift from arborescent lycopsid to tree and seed fern dominance in Euramerican wetlands. Likewise, our analysis of the insect body fossil record does not suggest especially high rates of origination or extinction during this interval. Together, these results suggest that insects did not suffer major extinctions during the Middle–Late Pennsylvanian, despite short- and long-term changes in climate and environmental conditions.
Linear Logic Properly Displayed
Authors: Greco Giuseppe , Palmigiano Alessandra 
Published: November 2022

We introduce proper display calculi for intuitionistic, bi-intuitionistic and classical linear logics with exponentials, which are sound, complete, conservative, and enjoy cut elimination and subformula property. Based on the same design, we introduce a variant of Lambek calculus with exponentials, aimed at capturing the controlled application of exchange and associativity.
Properness
(i.e., closure under uniform substitution of all parametric parts in rules) is the main technical novelty of the present proposal, allowing both for the smoothest proof of cut elimination and for the development of an overarching and modular treatment for a vast class of axiomatic extensions and expansions of intuitionistic, bi-intuitionistic, and classical linear logics with exponentials. Our proposal builds on an algebraic and order-theoretic analysis of linear logic and applies the guidelines of the multi-type methodology in the design of display calculi.
Garlic Powder Supplementation Improves Growth, Nonspecific Immunity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Flora of Chinese Mitten Crabs (Eriocheir sinensis)
Authors: Zhou Ruoyu , Liu Jinsong , Shi Xueyan , Fu Chunsheng , Jiang Ying , Zhang Ruiqiang , Wu Yanping , Yang Caimei 
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to survey the effects of garlic powder on growth performance, nonspecific immunity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal flora structure of Chinese mitten crabs. Altogether, 216 crabs which originally weigh

20.71
±
0.13

g

were randomly allocated into three treatment groups with 6 replicates of 12 crabs per replicate. The control group (CN) was fed a basal diet, while the other two groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg/kg (GP1000) and 2000 mg/kg (GP2000) garlic powder, respectively. This trial lasted 8 weeks. The results showed that the supplementation of garlic powder improved the final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate of the crabs (

P
<
0.05

). Meanwhile, in serum, better nonspecific immune was confirmed by the enhancement of phenoloxidase and lysozyme levels, with the improvement of phosphatase activities in GP1000 and GP2000 (

P
<
0.05

). On the other hand, the levels of total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidases, and total superoxide dismutase in serum and hepatopancreas were increased (

P
<
0.05

) while malondialdehyde content declined (

P
<
0.05

) as the garlic powder was added to the basal diet. And, catalase in serum also shows an increase (

P
<
0.05

). In both GP1000 and GP2000, genes related to antioxidant and immunity, for instance, Toll-like receptor 1, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, myeloid differentiation factor 88, TuBe, Dif, relish, crustins, antilipopolysaccharide factor, lysozyme, and prophenoloxidase mRNA expression levels, were increased (

P
<
0.05

). The abundance of Rhizobium and Rhodobacter was reduced by adding garlic powder (

P
<
0.05

). This study indicated that dietary addition of garlic powder promoted growth, enhanced nonspecific immunity and antioxidant capacity, activated Toll pathway, IMD pathway, and proPO system, increased antimicrobial peptide expression, while simultaneously improving the intestinal flora of Chinese mitten crabs.