bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication and Emotional Vocabulary; Relevance for Mental Health Among School-Age Youths
Authors: Rimehaug Tormod , Kårstad Silja Berg 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe association between language and mental health may be connected to several aspects of language. Based on the known associations, emotional vocabulary could be an important contribution to mental health and act as a risk, protective or resilience factor for mental health in general. As a preliminary test of this hypothesis, an assessment of emotional vocabulary was constructed and used among youths in school age. Cross-sectional associations and prediction models with parent-reported youth mental health as outcome were examined for emotional vocabulary as well as general vocabulary, non-verbal problem solving and social communication, controlled for age, gender and subsamples.ResultsEmotional vocabulary, general vocabulary and non-verbal problem solving were directly associated with each other and similarly associated with age and gender. However, they were not significantly associated with social communication skills or mental health in the expected direction. Only social communication skills showed significant negative associations with behavioral mental health problems, suggesting these skills to be potential resources related to mental health.ImplicationFuture research should investigate whether behavioral problems may be prevented or improved by developing better social communication skills among community school-age youths. However, our results suggest that merely expanding emotional vocabulary is not likely to produce such effects unless this is integrated with improving social communication.
Psychological Distress, Fear and Coping Strategies During the Second and Third Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Southern Germany
Authors: Elsayed Mohamed , Schönfeldt-Lecuona Carlos , Welte Xenia Anna , Dardeer Khaled Tarek , Kamal Manar Ahmed , Abdelnaby Ramy , Rudek Markus A. , Riedel Evelyne , Denkinger Michael , Gahr Maximilian , Connemann Bernhard J. , Alif Sheikh M. , Banik Biswajit , Cross Wendy , Rahman Muhammad Aziz 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has imposed enormous psychological discomfort and fear across the globe, including Germany.ObjectivesTo assess the levels of COVID-19 associated psychological distress and fear amongst Southern German population, and to identify their coping strategies.MethodsA cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted in healthcare and community settings in the region of Ulm, Southern Germany. Assessment inventories were the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), which were valid and reliable tools.ResultsA total of 474 Individuals participated in the study. The mean age was 33.6 years, and 327 (69%) were females. Most participants (n = 381, 80.4%) had high levels of psychological distress, whereas only 5.1% had high levels of fear, and two-thirds of participants showed higher levels of coping. Moderate to very high levels of psychological distress were associated with being female, living alone, distress due to employment changes, experiencing financial impact, having multiple co-morbidities, being a smoker, increased alcohol use over the previous 6 months, contact with COVID-19 cases and healthcare providers for COVID-19-related stress. Individuals who were ≥60 years, lived with non-family members, had co-morbidities and visited a healthcare provider had higher levels of fear. Higher levels of education and income showed better coping amongst participants.ConclusionPsychological distress was very high during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany and associated with low levels of coping. This study identified vulnerable groups of people, who should be given priorities for addressing their health and wellbeing in future crisis periods.
Development and Validation of a Model to Predict the Contract Service of Family Doctor: A National Survey in China
Authors: Nie Zhiqiang , Chen Chen , Chen Guo , Wang Chao , Gan Yong , Feng Yingqing , Lu Zuxun 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported a relatively low utilization of family doctor contract services (FDCS) in China, while the associated factors are unknown. The current study aimed to explore the factors associated with the utilization of FDCS, and then developed and validated a predictive model based on these identified factors.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire, from March 2019 to April of 2019. Routinely collected variables in daily practice by family doctors were used to develop a derivation model to determine the factors associated with FDCS utilization, and then the external performance of the model was tested.ResultsA total of 115,717 and 49,593 participants were included in the development and validation datasets, respectively. Nearly 6.8% of the participants who signed a contract with FDCS received healthcare services from family doctors in China. Factors associated with the utilization of FDCS included age, male sex, self-reported household income, education attainment, insurance status, self-reported health status, smoking, drinking, self-reported physical activity status, chronic disease, walking distance from the nearest community center, and illness in the last 2 weeks, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.660 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.653–0.667] and good calibration. Application of this nomogram in the validation dataset also showed acceptable diagnostic value with an AUC of 0.659 (95% CI, 0.649–0.669) and good calibration.ConclusionTwelve easily obtainable factors in daily practice of family doctors were used to develop a model to predict the utilization of FDCS, with a moderate performance.
Levels of Burnout and Its Determinant Factors Among Nurses in Private Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Ethiopia, 2020. A Multi Central Institutional Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Feleke Dejen Getaneh , Chanie Ermiase Sisay , Hagos Misganaw Girma , Derseh Behailu Tariku , Tassew Sheganew Fetene 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundBurnout among nurses is a significant problem in healthcare establishments and has negative implications on clinical outcomes. International studies have shown the prevalence of burnout ranged from 10 to 70%. However, this is unknown among nurses in private hospitals in Addis Ababa. The study was intended to assess the levels of burnout and the associated factors among nurses working in private hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional study was used. A probability sampling, specifically, a simple random sampling technique was employed to collect data, and the Maslach burnout inventory human services survey (MBI-HSS) instrument was adapted to measure the levels of burnout. The data obtained was edited manually and entered into EPI-data version 4.6 and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between the dependent and independent variables and variables with p &lt; 0.25 on bivariate analysis were taken into multivariate logistic regression, and then variables with p &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultA total of 385 questionnaires were distributed to participants, but only 368 (96%) of them were collected and included in this study. The majority 56% and 69.8% of them were females and belonged to the age group of 20–29 years, respectively. Two hundred seven (56.5%) of them reported suffering from a high level of burnout. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, night duty shift [AOR = 2.699; 95% CI: (1.043–6.987)], excessive workload [AOR = 6.013; 95% CI: (3.016–11.989)], staff shortage [AOR = 6.198; 95% CI: (3.162–12.147)], persistent interpersonal conflict [AOR = 2.465; 95% CI: (1.225–4.961)], and nurses' poor health status [AOR = 3.4878; 95% CI: (1.815–8.282)] demonstrated a statistical significant association with the professional burnout.Conclusions and RecommendationsNurses' burnout in private hospitals of Addis Ababa was highly prevalent. Therefore, ensuring adequate staffing and minimizing the workload of nurse professionals are mandatory to prevent it.
Mapping Cancer in Africa: A Comprehensive and Comparable Characterization of 34 Cancer Types Using Estimates From GLOBOCAN 2020
Authors: Sharma Rajesh , Aashima  , Nanda Mehak , Fronterre Claudio , Sewagudde Paul , Ssentongo Anna E. , Yenney Kelsey , Arhin Nina D. , Oh John , Amponsah-Manu Forster , Ssentongo Paddy 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveCancer incidence and mortality rates in Africa are increasing, yet their geographic distribution and determinants are incompletely characterized. The present study aims to establish the spatial epidemiology of cancer burden in Africa and delineate the association between cancer burden and the country-level socioeconomic status. The study also examines the forecasts of the cancer burden for 2040 and evaluates infrastructure availability across all African countries.MethodsThe estimates of age, sex, and country-specific incidence and mortality of 34 neoplasms in 54 African countries, were procured from GLOBOCAN 2020. Mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) was employed as a proxy indicator of 5-year survival rates, and the socioeconomic development of each country was measured using its human development index (HDI). We regressed age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), and MIR on HDI using linear regression model to determine the relationship between cancer burden and HDI. Maps were generated for each cancer group for each country in Africa. The data about the cancer infrastructure of African countries were extracted from the WHO Cancer Country Profiles.ResultsIn Africa, an estimated 1.1 million new cases [95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) 1.0 – 1.3 million] and 711,429 [611,604 – 827,547] deaths occurred due to neoplasms in 2020. The ASIR was estimated to be 132.1/100,000, varying from 78.4/100,000 (Niger) to 212.5/100,000 (La Réunion) in 2020. The ASMR was 88.8/100,000 in Africa, ranging from 56.6/100,000 in the Republic of the Congo to 139.4/100,000 in Zimbabwe. The MIR of all cancer combined was 0.64 in Africa, varying from 0.49 in Mauritius to 0.78 in The Gambia. HDI had a significant negative correlation with MIR of all cancer groups combined and main cancer groups (prostate, breast, cervical and colorectal). HDI explained 75% of the variation in overall 5-year cancer survival (MIR). By 2040, the burden of all neoplasms combined is forecasted to increase to 2.1 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths in Africa.ConclusionHigh cancer mortality rates in Africa demand a holistic approach toward cancer control and management, including, but not limited to, boosting cancer awareness, adopting primary and secondary prevention, mitigating risk factors, improving cancer infrastructure and timely treatment.
Field Evaluation of the New Rapid NG-Test® SARS-CoV-2 Ag for Diagnosis of COVID-19 in the Emergency Department of an Academic Referral Hospital
Authors: Avgoulea Kalliopi , Beredaki Maria-Ioanna , Vourli Sophia , Siopi Maria , Siafakas Nikolaos , Pournaras Spyros 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAs the COVID-19 pandemic resurges affecting large numbers of patients, rapid, and accurate diagnosis using point-of-care tests is very important.ObjectivesTo evaluate the NG-Test® SARS-CoV-2 Ag (NG-Test) immunoassay for qualitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen in nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) samples compared with RT-PCR, in patients attending the Emergencies of an academic referral hospital.MethodsAll adult ambulatory patients presenting to the Emergencies of “Attikon” University hospital (Athens, Greece) within three consecutive hours per day between December 2020 and March 2021 and for whom SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing was requested were included. Two NP and one OP samples obtained from each participant were analyzed to determine the diagnostic performance [sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative predictive values (PPV/NPV)] of the NG-Test (NP/OP swabs) in comparison to the reference RT-PCR (NP swab).ResultsOverall, 134/263 (51%) patients tested were RT-PCR positive, whereof 108 (overall sensitivity 81%, 95% CI 73–87%) were NP NG-Test positive (PPV 99%, NPV 83%) and 68 (overall sensitivity 51%, 95% CI 42–59%) were OP NG-Test positive (PPV 100%, NPV 66%). The test's specificity (95% CI) was 99% (95–100%) and 100% (96–100%) for NP and OP swabs, respectively. The assay's sensitivity (95% CI) for high viral load (Ct ≤25) was 99% (92–100%) and 71% (60–81%) for NP and OP swabs, respectively.ConclusionsNG-Test using NP swabs detected almost all patients with high viral loads, showing satisfactory performance as a point-of-care test for NP samples obtained from patients with acute infection.
Combined Vitamin D, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and a Simple Home Exercise Program May Reduce Cancer Risk Among Active Adults Aged 70 and Older: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Bischoff-Ferrari Heike A. , Willett Walter C. , Manson JoAnn E. , Dawson-Hughes Bess , Manz Markus G. , Theiler Robert , Braendle Kilian , Vellas Bruno , Rizzoli René , Kressig Reto W. , Staehelin Hannes B. , Da Silva José A. P. , Armbrecht Gabriele , Egli Andreas , Kanis John A. , Orav Endel J. , Gaengler Stephanie 
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to test the individual and combined benefit of vitamin D, omega-3, and a simple home strength exercise program on the risk of any invasive cancer.Design: The DO-HEALTH trial is a three-year, multicenter, 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design double-blind, randomized-controlled trial to test the individual and combined benefit of three public health interventions.Setting: The trial was conducted between December 2012 and December 2017 in five European countries.Participants: Generally healthy community-dwelling adults ≥70 years were recruited.Interventions: Supplemental 2000 IU/day of vitamin D3, and/or 1 g/day of marine omega-3s, and/or a simple home strength exercise (SHEP) programme compared to placebo and control exercise.Main outcome: In this pre-defined exploratory analysis, time-to-development of any verified invasive cancer was the primary outcome in an adjusted, intent-to-treat analysis.Results: In total, 2,157 participants (mean age 74.9 years; 61.7% women; 40.7% with 25-OH vitamin D below 20 /ml, 83% at least moderately physically active) were randomized. Over a median follow-up of 2.99 years, 81 invasive cancer cases were diagnosed and verified. For the three individual treatments, the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CI, cases intervention versus control) were 0.76 (0.49–1.18; 36 vs. 45) for vitamin D3, 0.70 (0.44–1.09, 32 vs. 49) for omega-3s, and 0.74 (0.48–1.15, 35 vs. 46) for SHEP. For combinations of two treatments, adjusted HRs were 0.53 (0.28–1.00; 15 vs. 28 cases) for omega-3s plus vitamin D3; 0.56 (0.30–1.04; 11 vs. 21) for vitamin D3 plus SHEP; and 0.52 (0.28–0.97; 12 vs. 26 cases) for omega-3s plus SHEP. For all three treatments combined, the adjusted HR was 0.39 (0.18–0.85; 4 vs. 12 cases).Conclusion: Supplementation with daily high-dose vitamin D3 plus omega-3s, combined with SHEP, showed cumulative reduction in the cancer risk in generally healthy and active and largely vitamin D–replete adults ≥70 years.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT01745263.
Validation of a Disability Assessment Tool Based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health in the Chinese Context
Authors: Li Jiahui , Qiu Huaide , Zhang Xia , Jin Juan , Zhao Yuanping , Yan Juan , Xie Hong , Liu Shouguo , Li Jianan 
Published: April 2022

Background:The common standards of disability assessment for long-term care (LTC) insurance are currently absent. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was designed for a better description of health and functioning, which could fill the demand gap for the standards of disability assessment and be a promising tool for the development of LTC insurance system.ObjectivesTo validate a disability assessment scale for disabled elderly individuals based on the ICF for LTC in the Chinese context.MethodsThe present study is a cross-sectional study. A disability assessment tool based on the ICF was developed by referring to other assessment tools and an expert consensus meeting in the initial phase of the study. The developed tool was used to evaluate 1,610 elderly individuals in the LTC institutions. The Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability were applied to test the internal consistency of the tool, while the Interclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the interrater reliability (IRR). Factor analysis was performed to verify the construct validity of the tool. The scores from the Medical Outcomes Short Form-12 (SF-12) were correlated with that from the disability assessment tool, to assess the criterion-related validity.ResultsThe Cronbach's α coefficient and split-half reliability of the disability assessment tool were 0.969 and 0.877, respectively. The ICCs of the sum scale was 0.85, and the ICCs of each of the 20 items in the scale ranged from 0.78 to 0.94. The items were divided into three factors through analysis, which is consistent with the structure expectation. The scores of each item and the sum score of the disability assessment scale were negatively correlated with the scores of the physical and psychological fields in SF-12 (p &lt; 0.001). Overall, the data indicated that the tool was characterized by good internal consistency, IRR, construct validity, and criterion-related validity.ConclusionsThe disability assessment tool based on the ICF is a reliable and valid tool for the collection of information on functioning across various LTC settings. The information of disability provided evidence for the distribution of LTC service and guided the development of LTC insurance standards.
Laparoscopic Proximally Extended Colorectal Resection With Two-Stage Turnbull-Cutait Pull-Through Coloanal Anastomosis for Late Complications of Chronic Radiation Proctopathy
Authors: He Yanjiong , Zhou Zuolin , Huang Xiaoyan , Guan Qi , Qin Qiyuan , Zhu Miaomiao , Wang Huaiming , Zhong Qinghua , Chen Daici , Wang Hui , Fang Lekun , Ma Tenghui 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundChronic radiation proctopathy (CRP) is a common complication after radiation therapy for pelvic malignancies. Compared with diversion surgery, resection surgery removes the damaged tissue completely to avoid the risks of recurrence and improve patients' outcome. Hence, resection surgery could be an optimal surgical approach when CRP is complicated by late complications. This study aimed to describe a modified surgical procedure of resection surgery and report its preliminary efficacy and safety in treating patients with CRP with late complications.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the patients who were diagnosed with CRP with late complications and underwent the modified surgical procedure of laparoscopic proximally extended colorectal resection with two-Stage Turnbull-Cutait pull-through coloanal anastomosis (PE-Bacon) between November 2019 and October 2020 in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.ResultsA total of 15 patients were performed the modified laparoscopic procedure of PE-Bacon, of which 1 patient underwent conversion from laparoscopic to open operation for intraoperative massive hemorrhage. Overall, the major (Clavien-Dindo III-V) postoperative complications occurred in 1 patient, anastomotic leakage was observed in 2 (13.3%) patients, and anastomotic stricture was observed in 4 (26.7%) patients. No patient had to be reoperated and died. Up to now, at the average follow-up of (524.40 ± 108.39) days, the preoperative symptoms of 93.3% (14/15) patients were relieved, with nine patients achieved complete remission, five patients only suffered minor symptoms. Because of the progression of radiation uropathy, one patient still had a vesicovaginal fistula as pre-operative complication. Colostomy reversal has been performed on 8 (53.3%) patients at an average postoperative duration of 299.5 ± 92.68 days, among whom only 2 patients suffered from major Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) until now.ConclusionsLaparoscopic PE-Bacon surgery is a safe and feasible surgical procedure for late complications of CRP with low morbidity and high symptom remission rate.
Transient Receptor Potential Channel 1 Potentially Serves as a Biomarker Indicating T/TNM Stages and Predicting Long-Term Prognosis in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Liang , Shan Guang , Ge Minghuan , Qian Huijun , Xia Yue 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundTransient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) regulates the progression of several cancers, but its clinical implication in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been explored yet. This study aimed to investigate the correlation of TRPC1 with clinical characteristics and prognosis in patients with RCC.MethodsTotally, 177 patients with primary RCC who received surgical resection were retrospectively screened. Their tumor and paired adjacent tissue specimens were retrieved to assess TRPC1 mRNA expression using RT-qPCR and TRPC1 protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsBoth TRPC1 IHC score and TRPC1 mRNA expression were elevated in RCC tissue than in adjacent tissue (both P &lt; 0.001). Meanwhile, both TRPC1 IHC score and TRPC1 mRNA expression in tumor were associated with higher T stage (both P = 0.02) and TNM stage (P = 0.009, P = 0.003, respectively). However, no correlation was found in tumor TRPC1 IHC score or TRPC1 mRNA expression with other tumor properties (all P &gt; 0.05). Besides, the 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival (OS) were 81.4, 68.6, and 60.2%, respectively in patients with high tumor TRPC1 protein, while they were 89.3, 82.7, and 76.7%, respectively in patients with low tumor TRPC1 protein. High (vs. low) TRPC1 protein in the tumor was associated with shorter OS (P = 0.017), while high (vs. low) TRPC1 mRNA in the tumor was not correlated with OS (P = 0.144). By the forward stepwise method, TRPC1 protein expression independently predicted poor OS (P = 0.01, hazard ratio = 2.052).ConclusionTRPC1 serves as a potential biomarker reflecting tumor features and long-term survival profile in patients with RCC.