bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Backcrossing of BC3F2 Accession with Local Parents of Rice Plants which Resistance to Submergence Stress
Authors: Hasmeda M , Sulaiman F , Hamidson H , Bactiar A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aims of this research was to know the introgression of Sub1 gene in BC4F1 which was backcrossed between BC3F2 with local parents. This reseach has been conducted in Green house of Agro Techno Park (ATC) and soaking tub at Sriwijaya University, Indralaya Ogan Ilir District. This research was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021. Rice seed of BC3F2 accessions of Pegagan and BC3F2 accessions of Pelita Rampak as male parents and two local genotypes of Pegagan and Pelita Rampak as female parents were used in this study. The methode being used during the research was backcrossing of local genotypes and accessions of BC3F2 to get accessions of BC4F1. Submergence tolerance was conducted during vegetative phase. The parameter being observed included percentage of crossing methods and number of rice seeds after backcrossing. While other parameters being obserbed included plant height, leaves Greenest, dry weight and growth analysis. The results showed that crossing between local genotyes and accession of BC3F2 showed that genotype of pelita rampak showed better growth after submergence indicated by better plant height, leaves greenest and growth analysis.
Management of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery to Increase Food Self-Sufficiency in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province
Authors: Hasbi  , Tunggal T , Rahmaniar C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to find out the feasibility and effectiveness as well as the role of UPJA in achieving its optimal objectives in the study area by comparing the conditions of the Service Units sourced from Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 25 of 2008. This research was conducted in Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province. This research was carried out from October to November 2019. Parameters to be observed in this study included the availability of the number of equipment, the rental price of farm machinery and equipment, operational performance of the farm machinery and equipment Service Business, and the UPJA development strategy. The results of this study were the management of UPJA in the irrigation area of Musi Rawas District, South Sumatra Province, which was still classified as a beginner based on a comparison of the Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 25 of 2008 because it had not fulfilled various aspects, especially technical, economic and training management. UPJA was expected to increase income and prosperity of communities in rural areas by increasing productivity and food self-sufficiency. The UPJA’s organizational structure was formed with the objective to divide and carry out its role properly so that it can develop into productive through business activities. High tolerance levels in the study area resulted in the owners of rice fields choosing to use human power than using farm machinery and equipment.
Growth and Yield of Several Red Chilli (Capsicum Annuum L.) Peat-Strains on Peat Soil
Authors: Susilawati  , Irmawati  , Ammar Muhammad , Harun M. Umar , Syukur Muhamad , Bastoni  , Novitasari  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study was aimed to evaluate agronomic characters of growth and yield of red chili peat-strains grown on peat soil with the application of chicken manure. The study was conducted in Talang Kelapa, Palembang Lat S-2°55’“Long E 104°41’”. Factorial randomized block design was used with 2 factors and 3 replicates. The first factor was chili strains consisting of G1 = Strain 1 (F10120005-141-16-35-1-3); G2 = Strain 3 (F10120005-141-16-35-7-1); and G3 = Strain 4 (F10120005-241-2-9-4-4). While the second factor was chicken manure dosage, P0 = control (without chicken manure); P1 = 10 tons/ha (250 grams/polybag); and P2 = 20 tons/ha (500 grams/polybag). Parameters observed were plant height, leaf number, root shoot ratio, plant fresh and dry weight, leaf area, flowering age, fruit weight, fruit diameter and estimated production per hectare. Results showed that the addition of chicken manure on peat soil had a good effect on growth and production of the red chili peat-strains. G3 (Strain 4= F10120005-241-2-9-4-4) showed the best response to the application of 20 tons/ha (500 grams/polybag) of chicken manure. The combination of P2G3 treatments (20 tons/hectare in G3) resulted in the highest production with an estimated yield of 2.56 tons per hectare.
The Effects of Rhizobium Inoculation On The Growth Of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) and White Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.)
Authors: Nguyen P M , Nguyen H T , Le H T T , Nguyen L B , Tran P H , Dinh Y B , Nguyen T K N , Nguyen M H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The utilization of chemical fertilizers in agriculture production could cause harmful effects on human health and the environment, therefore the development and application of biofertilizers produced from beneficial microorganisms like plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria have been increasingly encouraged. The present study investigated the effects of the inoculation of the two Rhizobium pusense strains (R. pusense GCB108 and R. pusense GCB117) on the growth of the young rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) and white radish (Raphanus sativus L.). The results showed that the inoculation of the two R. pusense strains affected the growth of rice and white radish considerably. On day 7, the shoot length of Oryza sativa L. grown on the medium inoculated with the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 was 22.3 ± 0.42 cm and 21.6 ± 2.26 cm, respectively, while that recorded in the control sample (without bacterial inoculation) was only 18.25 ± 1.06 cm. On day 9, the shoot length of Raphanus sativus L. grown under the hydroponic condition and inoculated with the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 was 12.68 ± 1.22 cm and 13.69 ± 1.47 cm, respectively, while that recorded in the control sample was much lower (9.04 ± 1.86 cm). Moreover, the inoculation of R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 also restricted the growth of the rice pathogen Pseudomonas oryzihabitans RL01 in the rice rhizosphere. Furthermore, the results from the biophysiological assay showed that both two strains R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 could grow under a salinity environment (salt concentration of 3%) and a wide range of pH conditions (pH 5 – 11). The study demonstrates the importance of the R. pusense GCB108 and GCB117 inoculation in the growth of rice and white radish and suggests the potential application of those two strains in biofertilizer production to improve soil quality and stimulate plant growth, contributing to sustainable agriculture development.
Propagation Of Entomopathogenic Bacteria Bacillus Thuringiensis In Various Agricultural Waste and Its Effectivity Against Oryctes Rinoceros (Coleoptera:Scarabaeidae)
Authors: Pujiastuti Y , Hendrawansyah  , Hendarjanti H 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOryctes rhinocerosis an important pest on oil palm plantations, from immature plants to mature plants. Due to the long life cycle of Oryctes, control is not only aimed at the imago but also the larvae. Control using entomopathogenic bacteriumBacillus thuringiensisis expected to overcome this problem. The materials used as a medium for propagation are agricultural waste that is easy to obtain, cheap and safe for the environment. The research objective was to study the use of agricultural waste on growth ofB. thuringiensisand its effectiveness against Oryctes larvae. The results showed bio-urine media enriched with 5% molasses produced the highest spore density compared to other media. The highest mortality rate of Oryctes larvae was 70% inB. thuringiensistreatment which was produced in bio-urine medium enriched with 5% molasses. Weight of Oryctes larvae reflects number of dead larvae. The more that die, the greater the difference in body weight.B. thuringiensiscan be produced in a variety of agricultural waste media and was found to be effective in controlling Oryctes larvae.
Utilization of Cuttlefish Bone as The Alternative Source of Heterogenic Alkali Catalyst
Authors: Herpandi  , Widiastuti I , Wulandari  , Aldino M R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research aims to determine characteristic of heterogeneous alkali catalyst which produced from cuttlefish bone. The catalyst was made by calcination process at 800 °C for 4 hours. The characterization was done by XRD (X-ray diffractometer) and SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray). XRD result showed heterogeneous alkali catalyst from cuttlefish bone have high crystallinity with lime mineral phase. In comparison with calcium oxide powder, the cuttlefish bone catalyst has the highest crystallites (6000) than calcium oxide powder (4000). SEM-EDS result showed the microstructure of cuttlefish bone heterogeneous base catalyst morphologically have dissimilar particle shape and size comparing to tohor lime heterogeneous base catalyst. Cuttlefish bone catalyst particle size is smaller than catalyst from tohor lime. Morphologically showed the difference is cuttlefish bone catalyst has tidy-clots form while tohor lime catalyst has slab-shaped. These particle shape and size will affect to catalyst properties, which smaller particle size will be affected to effectivity of catalyst activity. From EDS result showed main mineral compound of cuttlefish bone catalyst is calcium attain 93%.
An NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) Hydroponic Irrigation System design Using Various Gutter Slopes On Pakcoy Plants (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Puspitahati  , Trianita M , Purnomo R H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This research aims to design irrigation systems an NFT hydroponic with various gutters slope on pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa L.). This research was conducted in October 2020 to March 2021 at greenhouse of Agricultural Engineering Study Program, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University. This research method used observation method. The observed paramaters were plant water need, the uniformity of irrigation water, the uniformity of electrical conductivity, and the uniformity of water flow the thickness and the production of pakcoy plants at NFT using slope of gutters 4%, 6%, and 8%. The results shown that the highest average value of irrigation water uniformity at a gutter slope of 8% was 93.44%. The highest average value of electrical conductivity uniformity of gutters at 8% slope was 99.45%. The highest average value of water thickness uniformity in the three guttering treatment at 8% gutter slope was 89.91%. The weight of crop production at a slope 8% was 3,184 g roots and 2,189 g of plants without roots. Plant water needs in the initial period of growth was 2.43 mm/day, the middle period of growth was 3.42 mm/day, and the final period of growth was 4.95 mm/day.
Population Characteristic of Carcinoscorpius Rotundicauda in The Northern Coast of Rangsang Island, Riau
Authors: Setyawatiningsih S C , Hadis M , Ningsih A F , Himawan B D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda is often found in mangrove areas and is known as mangrove horseshoe crab. The crab is a common species that was abundantly caught by fishermen but currently, it has been said to be declining. The study aimed to estimate the population density and sex ratio of C. rotundicauda. In addition, it is necessary to know the local community’s perception of the horseshoe crab. The study was conducted from March to April 2021 in the northern coast of Rangsang Island of Riau Province. Sampling was carried out using 100x1m nets at 5 selected stations. The crabs were enumerated, marked, and released. People’s perception of C. rotundicauda was obtained by using a questionnaire method. The population density of the crabs in the northern coast of Rangsang Island is 0.026/m2. The sex ratio is 1.67. Public perception of horseshoe crabs is low so it is necessary to socialize the conservation of horseshoe crabs there.
How Sri Lankan Farm Households Intend to Reduce the Risk of Developing the Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Cause Prevalent in Their Communities
Authors: Jayaweera Anuradha , Inaoka Tsukasa , Fujimura Miho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A chronic kidney disease (CKDu), independent of known causes, such as diabetes and hypertension, is emerging as an epidemic in certain agrarian regions of the developing world. Given the unprecedented incidence of the disease among farm households, in the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, CKDu is considered a public health emergency. Ever since the disease was first reported over two and a half decades ago, both local and international research communities have taken significant efforts to reveal the aetiology of the disease. Although the causes of the disease still remain unrevealed, much of the research findings supports a set of environmental and behavioural risk factors that are deemed to be associated with the occurrence and progression of the disease. To encourage healthy behaviours such as consumption of safe, uncontaminated water that minimise the deemed risk factors, several health extension programs have been launched in the high-risk areas of the NCP. However, according to reports, the programs have not achieved the expected success due to non-compliance of the people of the target population. Under a context of uncertainty of proven facts, the effectiveness of such programs and compliance of people to risk reduction behaviour is brought into question by two interrelated socio-cognitive concerns. One concern raises the importance of knowing how the people living in epidemic areas perceive and interpret the disease in terms of causes and risk preventive methods. The second concern being the socio-cognitive determinants that may prevent people from adopting the expected risk reduction behaviour. Highlighting the importance of the above knowledge gap, this study attempts to understand how an agrarian population in Sri Lanka, vulnerable to CKDu, perceive the disease as a health risk. The study further explores, how their psycho-social beliefs structure preventive behaviour against the unknown disease under a context of uncertainty. To achieve the latter objective, the study refers to a theoretical framework based on an extended Protection Motivation Theory.
Compatibility, Effectiveness and Sustainability of Grass-Root Collaboration in Promoting Environmental and Natural Resource Conservation (An Evaluative Analysis)
Authors: Susilo Rachmad Kristiono Dwi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Environmental and natural resource conservation requires collaborative works among the actors who care about environment and natural resources. The objective of research is to evaluate collaboration viewed from compatibility, effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. The method used was qualitative research type with participatory evaluation. Meanwhile, data collection was obtained through in-depth interview and observation, document study, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Sampling was conducted using purposive sampling technique, in which the actors involved in collaborative work for environment and natural resource conservations. Batu City, East Java was selected to be the location of research, recalling that collaborative activities develop in this city. The findings of research are explained as follows. Collaborative actors are campus, community, and non-government organization. Collaboration is manifested into campaign and education. Incentive, form, social learning, and multiplayer effect are the character of collaboration. Incentive includes restlessness and shared interest in environment conservation.. Social learning gives the actors an opportunity to cooperate with each other and multiplayer effect character is that one activity will be followed with the next activity. Some activities are not implemented with without matured plan. Evaluation finds the strengths of collaboration are conservation activity in accordance with the people’s need, and effectiveness and efficiency (being executed well), while its weakness collaboration contains minimum creativity, thereby degrading. The character of subsistent community leads to the difficulty in infusing knowledge and expectation as the sustainable grass-root movement. Consequently, collaborative activity keeps away from grass-root environment that controls the state policy.
Peatlands Restoration Policies in Indonesia: Success or Failure?
Authors: Wicaksono Agung , Zainal  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes the peatland restoration policy undertaken by the Indonesian government. The Indonesian government has since implemented the first phase of peatland restoration in 2016-2020. It can be said that the restoration of the peatland area of 2.4 million hectares faces several problems. One of the main problems is the unsuccessful restoration of peatlands in the company’s concession areas. Companies that are obliged to restore peatlands in their concessions do not comply with regulations set by the government. As the program’s leader, the Peatland Restoration Agency is powerless to do much because its authority extends only to supervising the company’s concession area. Restoration of peatlands outside the concession area (cultivated land and protected forest) can be satisfied because the government can directly restore these peatlands. This paper uses various reliable document sources as the primary data source, which becomes material for analysis.
Effect of gaps/overlaps induced waviness on the mechanical properties of automated fiber placement (AFP)-manufactured composite laminate
Authors: Ju Xiangwen , Xiao Jun , Wang Dongli , Zhao Cong , Gao Tiancheng , Wang Xianfeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) process is widely used to produce lightweight composite components owing to its excellent flexibility and efficiency. However, the out-of-plane fiber waviness induced by gaps and overlaps inevitably formed in the AFP process lack experimental studies. Therefore, an experimental research is proposed to study the influence mechanism of out-of-plane fiber waviness. Herein, based on the description of the shape of the fiber waviness, the relationship between the magnitude factor and the axial elastic modulus of laminate with fiber waviness is established. By embedding gaps and overlaps in the layup, a new approach to manufacturing composite laminate with fiber waviness of sine wave and sine-like wave is proposed, and the rationality of the theoretical analysis on the elastic properties of laminate with fiber waviness is verified. Finally, the effect of the magnitude factor on the mechanical properties of composite laminate is obtained by tensile and compression test. Experimental results show that the tensile and compression properties of laminate decrease significantly with the increase of magnitude factor. The effect of sine-like wave on mechanical properties is similar to that of sine wave, and it is feasible to splice sine-like wave into sine wave for mechanical property analysis.
Role of small wetlands on the regime shift of ecological network in a wetlandscape
Authors: Kim Bin , Lee Junga , Park Jeryang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Globally, wetlands in many places have been at risk by natural and anthropogenic threats including climate change and land use and land cover change. Because of their significant contribution to providing various ecosystem services, understanding the vulnerability to various threats and the effects of their loss on various scales and aspects is an imminent issue for wetland conservation. On a landscape scale, these wetlands can be distributed in a variety of forms (e.g., by size, bathymetry, geology, etc.) and interconnected by dispersal of inhabiting species. Here, we use the network modeling approach associated with wetland hydrology to analyze potential shifts in an ecological network caused by hydro-climatic and anthropogenic forcings. We focus on the role of small wetlands which are often easily ignored in assessing landscape function because of their minor occupancy in an overall area. Specifically, by manipulating the hydrological status of the small wetlands, an area of which only contributes 0.82%, we observed the degrading effects on the characteristics (mean degree and network efficiency) of resulting ecological networks. Our results suggest that wetland size does not necessarily correlate with network centralities, and the loss of small wetlands acting as high centrality nodes induce a critical regime shift in network structure and function. Although hypothetically tested, because of their high sensitivity to hydro-climatic conditions and vulnerability to land use and land change along with climate change effects, the persisting functional loss of small wetlands is highly expected which eventually leads to trapping in the undesirable state of an ecological network. Our study is expected to provide a framework to evaluate the importance of small wetlands that can be easily ignored from an area-based point of view in a landscape.
Deep potentials for materials science
Authors: Wen Tongqi , Zhang Linfeng , Wang Han , E Weinan , Srolovitz David J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To fill the gap between accurate (and expensive) ab initio calculations and efficient atomistic simulations based on empirical interatomic potentials, a new class of descriptions of atomic interactions has emerged and been widely applied; i.e. machine learning potentials (MLPs). One recently developed type of MLP is the deep potential (DP) method. In this review, we provide an introduction to DP methods in computational materials science. The theory underlying the DP method is presented along with a step-by-step introduction to their development and use. We also review materials applications of DPs in a wide range of materials systems. The DP Library provides a platform for the development of DPs and a database of extant DPs. We discuss the accuracy and efficiency of DPs compared with ab initio methods and empirical potentials.
Heterogeneity in Spatial Inequities in COVID-19 Vaccination Across 16 Large US Cities
Authors: Bilal Usama , Mullachery Pricila H , Schnake-Mahl Alina , Rollins Heather , McCulley Edwin , Kolker Jennifer , Barber Sharrelle , Diez Roux Ana V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Differences in vaccination coverage can perpetuate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disparities. We explored the association between neighborhood-level social vulnerability and COVID-19 vaccination coverage in 16 large US cities from the beginning of the vaccination campaign in December 2020 through September 2021. We calculated the proportion of fully vaccinated adults in 866 zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) of 16 large US cities: Long Beach, Los Angeles, Oakland, San Diego, San Francisco, and San Jose, all in California; Chicago, Illinois; Indianapolis, Indiana; Minneapolis, Minnesota; New York, New York; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Austin, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio, all in Texas. We computed absolute and relative total and Social Vulnerability Index–related inequities by city. COVID-19 vaccination coverage was 0.75 times (95% confidence interval: 0.69, 0.81) or 16 percentage points (95% confidence interval: 12.1, 20.3) lower in neighborhoods with the highest social vulnerability as compared with those with the lowest. These inequities were heterogeneous, with cities in the West generally displaying narrower inequities in both the absolute and relative scales. The Social Vulnerability Index domains of socioeconomic status and of household composition and disability showed the strongest associations with vaccination coverage. Inequities in COVID-19 vaccinations hamper efforts to achieve health equity, as they mirror and could lead to even wider inequities in other COVID-19 outcomes.