bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production Riser Life Extension – A Class Perspective
Authors: Song Hao , Wang Suqin 
Published: September 2022

Risers are a critical element in subsea production systems for transporting hydrocarbons from the seafloor to the surface. Many subsea production risers are approaching the end of their original design life (e.g. 20 or 25 years); therefore, they need to be either decommissioned or entered into in a life extension process. Due to enhanced recovery and tiebacks from adjacent fields, more and more existing fields are continuing to produce. As a result, the life extension of those offshore assets including production risers has become a viable solution.
For a riser’s life extension application, the process generally includes three phases: investigation, determination, and implementation. Baseline surveys and data collection should be performed during the investigation phase. A riser’s life extension requires a life extension assessment created from collected riser characteristic data, condition data, and operating data to confirm the riser’s integrity and its capacity for extended operations under future operating conditions. The life extension assessment may confirm that the riser is fit-for-service in its present condition for the planned extended service life, or call for a plan with repairs, component replacements, additional inspections, additional monitoring, or a combination of these.
An application for riser life extension is usually required to be submitted to the local Authority (if applicable) for approval. Owners and operators generally require the review of the riser life extension by an independent third party (I3P). The earlier the I3P/CVA engages in the process, the better the readiness of the life extension application.
Currently, industry experience on production riser life extension is limited, and safety of aging production risers is a major focus of the industry. This paper addresses the technical recommendations and guidance from a Class perspective on life extension for subsea production risers attached to floating production installations that produce and/or store hydrocarbons. The same process and methodology are also applicable to injection risers and import/export risers. The technological challenges associated with riser life extensions are highlighted. Special cases of the riser life extension in Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and risers managed in an integrity management program are also demonstrated.
Integrity Management of Ageing Offshore Structures: Technical Developments and Challenges
Authors: Stacey Alexander , Sharp John V 
Published: September 2022

The offshore industry in the North Sea and other parts of the world is a mature industry and a significant and ever-increasing proportion of the infrastructure is being operated beyond the original design life. This requires the implementation of a suitable integrity management system based on the use of codes, standards and guidance, which have been developed from a considerable body of research over many years, to enable the safe operation of ageing structures. During this time, the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has led the commissioning of relevant research aimed at developing suitable guidance in support of its enforcement activities. This has covered a very wide range of relevant topics and the substantial body of results has been incorporated subsequently into offshore industry standards and guidance.
Despite the considerable technical advances that have been made over the years in areas such as fatigue performance, static strength, inspection techniques / strategies and repair methods, significant technical challenges to the maintenance of the integrity of ageing structures remain. This is due to the uncertainties associated with complex analytical predictions and the condition of the structure, the full extent of which is not always known due to limitations in current inspection methods and practices. Furthermore, the economic aspects of continued operation present another important challenge.
In addition to the detailed review of the extensive research programme funded by the UK Department of Energy and the Health and Safety Executive, the paper addresses the several uncertainties that are relevant to the safe management of ageing and life extension of offshore structures and the consequent challenges that characterise integrity management strategies.
Supplemental Material: Novel age constraints for the onset of the Steptoean Positive Isotopic Carbon Excursion (SPICE) and the late Cambrian time scale using high-precision U-Pb detrital zircon ages
Authors: Cothren Hannah R. , al. et 
Published: September 2022

<p>Biostratigraphic data (S1, S2, S7); chemostratigraphic data (S3); detailed methodology (S4, S8, S9); geochronological data (S5, S6); and location details (S10). </p>
Adult-onset reversible idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in male adult carrying aWDR11missense mutation
Authors: Yamada Rie , Yamakita Noriyoshi , Yasuda Keigo , Imai Atsushi 
Published: September 2022

Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) occurs mostly in childhood or adolescence and very rarely in adulthood. It is characterised by delayed onset of secondary sexual characteristics. Many genetic abnormalities have been reported in congenital IHH cases, but rarely in adult-onset IHH cases. IHH requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy; however, a few reports suggest the reversibility of this condition.In this case, after having his first child, a man in his 20s was diagnosed with gynecomastia followed by IHH. He improved with gonadotropin-releasing hormone replacement therapy and had two more children. The treatment was discontinued after 4 years, but the improvement was sustained. He had a heterozygous missense variant inWDR11(c.2390G>A; p.Arg797His), which may play a role in adult-onset IHH reversal. Accumulation of such cases can contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis and genetic component of IHH.
Contribution of insurance status to the association between marital status and cancer-specific survival: a mediation analysis
Authors: Yang Kai-bin , Zhang Yuan-Zhe , Chen Zi-Hang , Wu Chen-Fei , Zheng Wei-Hong , Kou Jia , Chen Wei , Chen Jin-wei , Qi Si-fan , Liu Qing , Sun Ying , Ma Jun , Lin Li 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the extent to which marriage influences cancer-specific survival (CSS) by influencing the insurance status among patients with common solid cancers and the feasibility of reducing the survival gap caused by marriage by increasing private insurance coverage for unmarried patients.SettingA retrospective cohort study with patients retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results programme.ParticipantsPatients with nine common solid cancers diagnosed between 2007 and 2016 were included. Patients were excluded if their marital status, insurance status, socioeconomical status, stage or cause of death was unavailable, if survival time was less than 1 month, or if they were younger than 18 years at the time of diagnosis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was CSS, which was compared between married and unmarried individuals. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine the contribution of insurance status to the association between marriage and CSS.ResultsMarried patients had better CSS than those unmarried (time ratio 1.778; 95% CI 1.758 to 1.797). Private health insurance was a key factor mediating the association between marital status and CSS (proportion mediated (PM), 17%; 95% CI 17% to 17.1%). The PM ranges from 10.7% in prostate cancer to 20% in kidney cancer. The contribution of private insurance to the association between marital status and CSS was greater among women than among men (PM 18.5% vs 16.7%). The mediating effect of private insurance was the greatest for the comparison between married and separated individuals (PM 25.6%; 95% CI 25.3% to 25.8%) and smallest for the comparison between married and widowed individuals (PM 11.0%; 95% CI 10.9% to 11.1%).Conclusions17% of the marital disparities in CSS are mediated by private insurance coverage. Increasing private insurance coverage for unmarried patients may reduce the survival gap related to marital status and sex. However, it is unclear whether better publicly funded insurance would have the same effect.
Concussion in Non-athletes: Assessment of Cognition and Symptomatology (CONTACTS) study protocol – an exploratory cohort study investigating the utility of sports concussion assessment tools and salivary microRNAs to diagnose concussion in NHS patients
Authors: Toman Emma , Riley Max , Hodgson Sam , Yakoub Kamal M , Cooper Lauren , Bishop Jon , Naumann David N , Welbury Richard , Hammond Douglas , Di Pietro Valentina , Belli Antonio 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionConcussion is a complex pathophysiological process with a wide range of non-specific signs and symptoms. There are currently no objective diagnostic tests to identify concussion, and diagnosis relies solely on history and examination. Recent research has identified a unique panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) that distinguish between concussed and non-concussed rugby players. This study aims to assess the diagnostic utility of salivary miRNAs in concussion for a sample of UK National Health Service patients and whether well-established sports-related concussion (SRC) assessment tools may be translated into the emergency department (ED).Methods and analysisConcussion in Non-athletes: Assessment of Cognition and Symptomatology is a single-centre, prospective, two-phase cohort study. The concussed cohort will consist of participants with maxillofacial trauma and concurrent concussion. The control cohort will consist of participants with isolated limb trauma and no evidence of concussion. Participants will be recruited in the ED and saliva samples will be taken to identify the presence of miRNAs. The SRC assessments being investigated include the Sports Concussion Assessment Test, Fifth Edition (SCAT5), the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) and the ImPACT Quick. Follow-up will be at 24–48 hours in-hospital and remotely via telephone and email at 14 days and 6 months.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted in February 2021 by the West Midlands Coventry & Warwickshire Research Ethics Committee (ref 20/WM/0299). The investigators intend to submit their study findings for publication in peer-reviewed journals and to disseminate study findings via presentation at academic meetings. The results will also form part of a doctorate thesis, registered at the University of Birmingham.
Dual mobility versus conventional total hip arthroplasty in femoral neck fractures (DISTINCT): protocol for a registry-nested, open-label, cluster-randomised crossover trial
Authors: Farey John E , Hooper Tamara , Alland Tania , Naylor Justine M , Kelly Thu-Lan , Lorimer Michelle , Lewin Adriane M , Rogers Margaret , Law Chi Kin , Close Jacqueline , Graves Steven E , de Steiger Richard S , Lewis Peter L , Adie Sam , Harris Ian A 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHip fractures treated with total hip arthroplasty (THA) are at high risk of prosthesis instability, and dislocation is the most common indication for revision surgery. This study aims to determine whether dual mobility THA implants reduce the risk of dislocation compared with conventional THA in patients with hip fracture suitable to be treated with THA.Methods and analysisThis is a cluster-randomised, crossover, open-label trial nested within the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR). The clusters will comprise hospitals that perform at least 12 THAs for hip fracture per annum. All adults age ≥50 years who meet the Australian and New Zealand Hip Fracture Registry guidelines for THA will be included. The intervention will be dual mobility THA and the comparator will be conventional THA. Each hospital will be allocated to two consecutive periods, one of dual mobility THA and the other of conventional THA in random order, aiming for an average of 16 patients eligible for the primary analysis per group (32 total per site), allowing different recruitment totals between sites. Data will be collected through the AOANJRR and linked with patient-level discharge data acquired through government agencies. The primary outcome is dislocation within 1 year. Secondary outcomes include revision surgery for dislocation and all-cause, complications and mortality at 1, 2 and 5 years. If dual mobility THA is found to be superior, a cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted. The study will aim to recruit 1536 patients from at least 48 hospitals over 3 years.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted (Sydney Local Health District - Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Zone (approval X20-0162 and 2020/ETH00680) and site-specific approvals). Participant recruitment is via an opt-out consent process as both treatments are considered accepted, standard practice. The trial is endorsed by the Australia and New Zealand Musculoskeletal Clinical Trials Network.Trial registration numberACTRN12621000069853.
Novel blue-phosphorescent platinum(II) ternary complexes with β-diketonate and fluorinated phenylimidazole for organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Hakjo , Hong Seungyeon , Kim Seung Chan , Lee Jun Yeob , Kang Youngjin 
Published: September 2022

In this study, the one-pot synthesis of two novel Pt(II) β-diketonate compounds, namely Pt(tpim)(O^O) (1) and Pt(mtpim)(O^O) (2) (tpim = 1-([1,1′:3′,1′′-terphenyl]-2′-yl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1 H-imidazole, mtpim = 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(5′-methyl-[1,1′:3′,1′′-terphenyl]-2′-yl)-1 H-imidazole, and O^O = acetylacetonato), was achieved. Both compounds had a distorted square-planar geometry without direct intermolecular Pt(II)—Pt(II) interactions, which was attributed to the bulky terphenyl group of the C^N chelate as well as strong intermolecular Pt(II)—H(terphenyl/imidazole) interaction. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited bright sky-blue-phosphorescent emission with a λmax = 490 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.50 and 0.47, respectively. The time-dependent density functional theory calculations revealed that the electronic transitions of both compounds were attributed to the combination of intraligand charge transfer (π(phenylimidazole)–π*(terphenyl)) and ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (π(acac)–π*(terphenyl)), in addition to a contribution from the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (Ptd–π*(terphenyl)). Compounds 1 and 2, as the dopants, and 3′-di(9 H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1′-biphenyl:9-(3'-carbazol-9-yl-5-cyano-biphenyl-3-yl)-9 H-carbazole-3-carbonitrile, as the mixed host were used to fabricate multilayer phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Compound 1 doped in the emissive layer at a 10% doping level demonstrated a maximum current efficiency of 21.7 cd A−1 at 100 cd m−2.
Magnetic Characterization of Electrodeposited Pt1−xNix Alloy Films: Influence of Deposition Potential and the Presence of Boric Acid
Authors: Rus Eric D. , L. Corrêa Eduardo , Groopman Evan , Williamson Todd , Hijazi Hussein , Kasaei Leila , Dennis Cindi L. , Moffat Thomas P. 
Published: September 2022

Pt1-xNix (x = 0.25 to 0.92) thin films were examined for possible application as magnetic thermometers. The alloys were prepared by potentiostatic electrodeposition from aqueous chloride-based solutions in the presence and absence of 0.5 mol dm−3 B(OH)3. Alloy composition was controlled by the deposition potential with the Ni concentration increasing towards more reducing potentials. Films with x > 0.45 were ferromagnetic with the magnetization at 300 K increasing with nickel content. Magnetization vs temperature (M vs T) at 8 kA m−1 (100 Oe) showed an increase in the Curie temperature from less than 200 K to above 400 K for the alloys investigated. For films deposited at potentials >−0.6 V vs the saturated calomel electrode (SCE), boric acid had negligible effect on the magnetization at the maximum applied field in M vs H measurements. In contrast, for depositions at more reducing potentials <−0.6 V vs SCE the presence of boric acid resulted in diminished magnetization. This effect was attributed to elevated incorporation of oxygen (up to ∼4 atomic %), along with boron incorporation of about 400 μmol mol−1.
Dietary Factors and Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer in the United States—an Ecologic Analysis
Authors: Chen Jianjiu , Zhang Isabella L. , Terry Mary Beth , Yang Wan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:
Incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC; e.g., diagnosed before age 50) in the United States has increased substantially since the 1990s but the underlying reasons remain unclear.

Methods:
We examined the ecologic associations between dietary factors and EOCRC incidence in adults aged 25–49 during 1977–2016 in the United States, using negative binomial regression models, accounting for age, period, and race. The models also incorporated an age-mean centering (AMC) approach to address potential confounding by age. We stratified the analysis by sex and computed incidence rate ratio (IRR) for each study factor. Study factor data (for 18 variables) came from repeated national surveys; EOCRC incidence data came from the Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results Program.

Results:
Results suggest that confounding by age on the association with EOCRC likely existed for certain study factors (e.g., calcium intake), and that AMC can alleviate the confounding. EOCRC incidence was positively associated with smoking [IRR (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17 (1.10–1.24) for men; 1.15 (1.09–1.21) for women] and alcohol consumption [IRR (95% CI), 1.08 (1.04–1.12) for men; 1.08 (1.04–1.11) for women]. No strong associations were found for most other study factors (e.g., fiber and calcium).

Conclusions:
Alcohol consumption was positively associated with EOCRC and has increased among young adults since the 1980s, which may have contributed to the EOCRC incidence increases since the 1990s. The AMC approach may help alleviate age confounding in similar ecologic analyses.

Impact:
Increases in alcohol consumption may have contributed to the recent increases in colorectal cancer incidence among young adults.
See related commentary by Ni et al., p. 164
A Single-Arm Phase Ib/II Study of Lenvatinib plus Eribulin in Advanced Liposarcoma and Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: Chen Tom Wei-Wu , Hsu Chia-Lang , Hong Ruey-Long , Lee Jen-Chieh , Chang Koping , Yu Chih-Wei , Chen San-Chi , Guo Jhe-Cyuan , Chen Mei-Lu , Hsu Meng-Chi , Kung Ting-Fang , Cheng Ann-Lii , Yen Chueh-Chuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Satisfactory treatment options for advanced leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma are limited. The LEADER study (NCT03526679) investigated the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib plus eribulin.

Patients and

Methods:
LEADER is a multicenter phase Ib/II study for advanced leiomyosarcoma or liposarcoma. The phase Ib part enrolled 6 patients to determine the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) with the starting dose of lenvatinib 18 mg/day and eribulin 1.1 mg/m2 D1, D8 every 21 days. The primary endpoint of the phase II part was objective response rate (ORR) based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1, with phase Ib patients preplanned to be included in the efficacy analysis. Translational analyses were based on the transcriptomic data obtained from the NanoString nCounter platform.

Results:
Thirty patients were enrolled (leiomyosarcoma 21, liposarcoma 9); the median age was 59. One patient had to temporarily stop lenvatinib due to grade 2 arthritis in the first cycle, meeting DLT criteria. Four of 6 patients had to decrease the dose of lenvatinib to 14 mg between cycles two and three. RP2D was determined at lenvatinib 14 mg/day and eribulin 1.1 mg/m2. The confirmed ORR was 20%, and the ORR was not significantly different between phase Ib/II cohorts (P = 0.23). The median progression-free survival was 8.56 months (95% confidence interval, 4.40–not reached). Translational studies suggested increased dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) after treatment.

Conclusions:
Lenvatinib plus eribulin has a manageable safety profile and exhibits promising efficacy for treating advanced leiomyosarcoma and liposarcoma.
First-in-Class Small Molecule to Inhibit CYP11A1 and Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis
Authors: Karimaa Mari , Riikonen Reetta , Kettunen Henna , Taavitsainen Päivi , Ramela Meri , Chrusciel Marcin , Karlsson Stefan , Rummakko Petteri , Simola Outi , Wohlfahrt Gerd , Hakulinen Pasi , Vuorela Annamari , Joensuu Heikki , Utriainen Tapio , Fizazi Karim , Oksala Riikka 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Binding of steroid hormones to their cognate receptors regulates the growth of most prostate and breast cancers. We hypothesized that CYP11A inhibition might halt the synthesis of all steroid hormones, because CYP11A is the only enzyme that catalyses the first step of steroid hormone biosynthesis. We speculated that a CYP11A inhibitor could be administered safely provided that the steroids essential for life are replaced. Virtual screening and systematic structure–activity relationship optimization were used to develop ODM-208, the first-in-class, selective, nonsteroidal, oral CYP11A1 inhibitor. Safety of ODM-208 was assessed in rats and Beagle dogs, and efficacy in a VCaP castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) xenograft mouse model, in mice and dogs, and in six patients with metastatic CRPC. Blood steroid hormone concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. ODM-208 binds to CYP11A1 and inhibited its enzymatic activity. ODM-208 administration led to rapid, complete, durable, and reversible inhibition of the steroid hormone biosynthesis in an adrenocortical carcinoma cell model in vitro, in adult noncastrated male mice and dogs, and in patients with CRPC. All measured serum steroid hormone concentrations reached undetectable levels within a few weeks from the start of ODM-208 administration. ODM-208 was well tolerated with steroid hormone replacement. The toxicity findings were considered related to CYP11A1 inhibition and were reversed after stopping of the compound administration. Steroid hormone biosynthesis can be effectively inhibited with a small-molecule inhibitor of CYP11A1. The findings suggest that administration of ODM-208 is feasible with concomitant corticosteroid replacement therapy.
A two-element planar multiple input multiple output array for ultra-wideband applications
Authors: Mohammad Zakir Hossain Abdul Kayum , Ibn Ibrahimy Muhammad , Sutikno Tole , Jopri Mohd Hatta , Jamil Alsayaydeh Jamil Abedalrahim , Manap Mustafa 
Published: September 2022

<span>In this article, a planar monopole two-element multiple input multiple output (MIMO) array has been designed and characterized with the intention of ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The array has a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) working bandwidth (BW) of 13.258 GHz between 3.394-16.652 GHz, with a fractional BW (FBW) of 132.28% with respect to a center frequency of 10.023 GHz. The two elements of the MIMO array are 900 polarizations mismatched for better isolation. Consequently, less than 20 dB of isolation has been achieved throughout the entire BW. Also observed was a good combined realized peak gain of up to 5.85 dBi and total efficiency of greater than 85%. For MIMO performance key parameters, the array exhibits the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) &lt;0.0033, diversity gain (DG) &gt;9.983, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) &lt;0.445, mean effective gain difference (MEG12) ≈0 dB, and the channel capacity loss (CCL) &lt;0.4 bps/Hz. This design would encourage designers to create high-performance MIMO antennas for UWB frequency-related applications.</span>