bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Law Enforcement Against Online Fraud Crimes: A Case Study at Police District Area of Wajo
Authors: Ardi Aswar , Karim M. Said , Haeranah Haeranah 
Published: January 2022

The Internet has brought new realities to every human life, the internet has also changed distance and time to infinity. crimes that often occur in the internet media is fraud on behalf of online businesses in the name of internet media. the purpose of the study was to analyze the barriers in law enforcement against online crimes as well as the effectiveness of law enforcement against online fraud crimes in the wajo police jurisdiction. the type of research used in this study is empirical law research located in wajo police jurisdiction. The results showed that obstacles in law enforcement against online crimes In terms of Personnel or Investigator Aspects, Aspects of Facilities and Infrastructure, Budget Aspects, and Community Aspects while the effectiveness of law enforcement against online fraud crimes in the Wajo Police Jurisdiction is 1) substance that in the law enforcement system needs to take decisive action or see the legal basis of the criminal, and the basis of law enforcement to optimize and maximize its performance is the legal basis of Law No. 19 of 2016 on amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 on information and electronic transactions Article 28 paragraph (1) and Article 378 in the Criminal Code, and Article 390 of the Criminal Code and law enforcement that is before the investigation, certain crimes have been known but the crime is not yet clear and it is not yet known who did it.
La psicopedagogía desde el enfoque de género para la convivencia social
Authors: Zambrano-Pincay Graciela Hernestina , Viton-de-Antonio María Jesús , Vallejo-Pilligua Patricio Yosué , Vallejo-Valdivieso Patricio Alfredo 
Published: January 2022

Se tuvo por objetivo determinar la eficacia de un programa formativo en psicopedagogía desde el enfoque de género para la convivencia social dirigido a docentes, padres, madres, representantes, para el acompañamiento de infantes entre los 3 a 5 años en ambientes de aprendizaje de la ciudad de Portoviejo, provincia de Manabí – Ecuador. Se planteó un tipo de investigación explicativa con diseño cuasi experimental de pre y pos test con un solo grupo de trabajo o muestra poblacional de 84 personas. Se aplicó la prueba de T de Student. Al existir significancia bilateral de 0,046 para el momento de postest, se considera que el programa formativo aplicado surtió efecto en la muestra poblacional. En el campo de la lingüística, es necesario enseñar desde los primeros años de formación académica, el discernimiento de signos y códigos no feministas ocultos en la música, redes sociales.
Deducción de gastos personales de los contribuyentes en relación de dependencia: Restricciones y perspectivas
Authors: Jarrín-Armijos Johanna-del-Rocío , Torres-Palacios Mireya Magdalena 
Published: January 2022

Las deducciones de gastos personales son incentivos para las personas naturales con relación de dependencia, permiten determinar la base imponible concediendo la disminución de la carga impositiva del impuesto a la renta. En Ecuador estos beneficios son creados, modificados y autorizados por el primer mandatario mediante el Reglamento para la aplicación de la Ley de Régimen Tributario Interno, su administración y regulación está a cargo del Servicio de Rentas Internas y tiene por finalidad fortalecer el cumplimiento de los principios constitucionales y tributarios como la equidad, igualdad, proporcionalidad. Sin embargo, las restricciones en la deducción no se ajustan a los gastos reales efectuados por las personas naturales, por ello, en esta investigación se analizará si es pertinente admitir la deducibilidad según prioridades de consumo; la composición familiar; e, imprevistos o modificaciones de hábitos de consumo, efectuados por factores externos como la emergencia sanitaria ocasionada por la pandemia covid-19.
Estados financieros bajo impacto del COVID-19. Caso: Federación de Pequeños Exportadores Agropecuarios Orgánicos del Ecuador
Authors: Guamán-Ramos Jenny Eugenia , Montero-Cobo Myriam Alejandra 
Published: January 2022

En este artículo se analiza el impacto del COVID-19 sobre la Federación de Pequeños Exportadores Agropecuarios Orgánicos de la Provincia de Zamora Chinchipe y sus estados financieros, pues cuanto la pandemia ha incidido en el mercado financiero mundial y en la mayoría de industrias, las mismas que han tenido que enfrentar problemas relacionados con la disrupción de la producción, de la cadena de suministros, reducción de las ventas, despidos del personal, sobreendeudamiento, incapacidad de pago, entre otros. Los principales resultados del análisis permiten inferir que las ventas de la entidad analizada no se vieron afectadas durante el año 2020, puesto que forma parte del sector primario de la producción, en el cual la demanda no tuvo mayor afectación como sí ocurrió con los sectores de turismo, vivienda, transporte, entre otros. A pesar de ello, sus directivos resaltan la necesidad de apoyarse en las subvenciones establecidas por el gobierno nacional.
Análisis del Clima organizacional del personal y colaboradores del cuerpo de Bombero. Caso: Cantón Cañar-Ecuador
Authors: Camas-Montero Jessica Paulina , Ordoñez-Espinoza Cristina Guadalupe 
Published: January 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el clima organizacional del personal y colaboradores del cuerpo de Bombero del Cantón Cañar. El enfoque de investigación fue cuantitativo del tipo de campo y nivel descriptivo. La población estará conformada por el total de empresas del rubro de construcción que operan actualmente en la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. La muestra se determinó por muestreo intencional en función seleccionable de 6 empresas de construcción de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. La técnica fue la encuesta y el instrumento un cuestionario de 47 preguntas de tipo Likert. Los resultados evidenciaron que los encuestados están insatisfechos con el desarrollo laboral y la supervisión, debilidades en la comunicación, condiciones de trabajo y ambiente laboral desfavorable, por lo tanto, los directivos de la institución deben reflexionar para tomar correctivos y crear un buen ambiente laboral, con el objetivo de crear lazos de compromiso entre trabajador e institución.
Development of a Dry Biopreservative Based on Heterofermentative Lactic-Acid Bacteria
Authors: Бирюк Е.Н. , Фурик Н.Н. , Ходаренок Е.П. , Сидерко И.А. 
Published: January 2022

Сконструировано 12 бактериальных консорциумов из гомо- и гетероферментативных молочнокислых бактерий, с которыми заложены лабораторные партии силосов из кукурузы в фазе молочно-восковой спелости зерна с провяливанием до содержания сухого вещества 30–35%. Молочнокислые бактерии вносили в количестве 2х105 на единицу силосуемой массы. Контрольный вариант – консервированный корм спонтанного брожения. Содержание молочной кислоты в опытных образцах силоса находилось в пределах от 61,9 до 67,6%, в контрольном варианте – 54,9%. Масляная кислота отсутствовала во всех вариантах. Наименьшее содержание сырой клетчатки, ухудшающей переваримость питательных веществ, отмечено в варианте БК 2/5 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri) – 24,16%. Наиболее высокой питательной ценностью по содержанию кормовых единиц характеризовались варианты силосов с использованием консорциумов БК 2/5 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri)и БК 2/6 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum). Содержание обменной энергии в данных образцах составило 9,98–9,96 МДж в 1 кг сухого вещества (9,65 МДж в контрольном варианте). Установлено, что все бактериальные консорциумы обеспечивали оптимальный процесс подкисления силосуемой массы. Внесение гетероферментативных лактобактерий при силосовании кукурузы способствовало повышению питательной ценности кормов.
12 bacterial consortia of homo- and heterofermentative lactic-acid bacteria were constructed, with which laboratory batches of corn silos in the phase of milky-wax ripeness of grain with withering to a dry matter content of 30–35% were laid. Lactic acid bacteria were introduced in an amount of 2x105 per unit of silage mass. The control variant is canned food of spontaneous fermentation. The lactic acid content in the experimental silage samples ranged from 61.9 to 67.6%, in the control variant – 54.9%. Butyric acid was absent in all variants. The lowest content of crude fiber, which impairs the digestibility of nutrients, was noted in the variant BK 2/5 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri) – 24.16%. The highest nutritional value in the content of feed units was characterized by the variants of silos using the consortia BK 2/5 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus reuteri) and BK 2/6 (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus ferment). The content of metabolic energy in these samples was 9.98–9.96 MJ in 1 kg of dry matter (9.65 MJ in the control variant). It was found that all bacterial consortia ensured the optimal acidification process of the silage mass. The introduction of heterofermentative lactic-acid bacteria during corn silage increased the nutritional value of feed.
Legitimidade constitucional e democrática nos novos contextos do Constitucionalismo
Authors: Magalhães Bruno Dias 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo busca analisar as influências e tensões existentes entre o constitucionalismo e a democracia, mais especificamente no que diz respeito a como os direitos, regras e princípios constitucionais potencializam ou socavam a deliberação política no atual contexto de pluralismo social. Além disso, busca-se analisar como a própria Constituição também é influenciada pela deliberação na esfera pública. Para tanto, parte-se do conceito de força normativa como pretensão de vigência, tal como formulado por Hesse (1992), trazendo-o à luz das perspectivas doutrinárias mais recentes, em consonância com os novos contextos do constitucionalismo. O exercício realizado permite reconhecer ao menos três aspectos inerentes à relação entre constitucionalismo e democracia. Primeiramente, em um contexto de pluralismo, os conflitos sociais não podem ser esgotados apenas no plano do texto fundamental, requerendo atuação da política infraconstitucional. Em segundo lugar, cada participante atua na realização da norma constitucional de maneira parcial, contingente e mais ou menos mediada, sendo que as posições são determinadas pelas regras democráticas vigentes. Finalmente, a legitimidade democrática é capaz de produzir influências na legitimidade constitucional e vice-versa. Como proposta de estudos futuros, sugere-se a aplicação do arcabouço teórico formulado a análises empíricas.
Childhood Obesity: Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Konstantinova Maia 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims

The World Health Organization (WHO, www.who.int) and European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO, www.easo.org) have suggested to substitute the term Obesity with Adiposity Based Chronic Disease (ABCD) in the 11th International Classification of Diseases
ICD­11. The term ABCD is believed to be more precise based on three dimensions—etiology, degree of disease and health risk. The intention is to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms as well as the relationship between healthcare professionals and society [1].

Aim

The aim of the present study is to make an overview of the current data for epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of childhood obesity. The current data for the prevalence of severe obesity among primary school children in 21 European countries show differences among the countries: from 1 in 5 to 1 in 3 obese children [2]. Childhood obesity is an extremely heterogeneous disorder and demands proper diagnostic evaluation for every individual patient. Early onset and severe obesity may be caused by rare mutations of the genes associated with appetite or energy control and rare syndromes. Once diagnosed, treatment options are available [3].
The most prevalent type of obesity is polygenic and is called “simple obesity”. It is extremely heterogeneous in genetic susceptibility. The new approach of quantifying inherited susceptibility has led to the validation of the genome­wide polygenic score (GPS) [4].
The treatment options for childhood obesity are still limited and the success rate is inconsistent [5]. The success rate of childhood obesity treatment and prevention of severe obesity is highly dependent on timely referral to specialist care.
Laron Syndrome—Possibilities of Diagnoses, Treatment, and Outcome
Authors: Alkhzouz Camelia , Lazea Cecilia , Miclea Diana 
Published: January 2022

Background
Laron syndrome (growth hormone insensitivity) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by severe short stature with postnatal onset usually (1), particular facial features and hypoglycemia in childhood, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and obesity in adulthood (2), caused by growth hormone receptor (GHR) anomalies (insensitivity). It is estimated that there are 350 people with this condition worldwide (3). The growth hormone receptor mutation prevents the stimulating effects of growth hormone, inducing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) deficiency. Treatment with recombinant IGF1, the only treatment option which can improve final height (4), is not available for all patients.
Aim
Present the clinical outcomes of a Laron syndrome patient untreated and on hormonal substitution treatment.
Case Report
A 18-year-old girl with Laron syndrome diagnosed at the age of 2 years and 10 months, based on the clinical feature of severe short stature (height—63 cm; −8.24 SDS, standard deviation score), particular facial features (protruding forehead, saddle nose, large eyes, sparse and thin silky hair, and high-pitched voice), small hands and feet, and sweating and hypotonic episodes, especially in the morning. The endocrine growth axis assessment revealed an elevated growth hormone concentration (>40 ng/mL; 0–8 ng/mL) and very low serum IGF-1 levels ( A L141X) in the 6 exon of the GHR gene. The growth velocity without hormonal substitution was low at 0.23 cm/month (14.5 cm/63 months). After 15 months (between 8 years 1 month and 9 years 4 months) of IGF1 (mecasermin) treatment, the growth velocity increased to 0.53 cm/month, the girl’s height increased from 77.5 cm (−8.55 SDS) to 85.6 cm (−7.94 SDS). After IGF1 treatment discontinuation, height velocity fell to 0.22 cm/month. At the age of 17 years and 2 months, hormone replacement therapy with mecasermin was resumed up to 18 years. The patient also had associated pubertal delay; thelarche started at the age of 15 and progressed slowly. The final height of the patient was 117 cm. In addition, she has developed focal epilepsy, obesity, and depression.
Conclusions
Early diagnosis and hormone substitution therapy may reduce the clinical consequences of complications, improving the prognosis.
Abitare l’intangibile: paesaggio e spazio pubblico
Authors: Colafranceschi Daniela , Nogué Joan 
Published: January 2022

Nella geografia complessa delle nostre città, quella dello Spazio Pubblico è entità oggi quanto mai flessibile, aperta e contraddittoria, concettualmente più permeabile e necessariamente rispondente ai cambiamenti così incisivi e profondi delle comunità che le abitano.
Il progetto come dispositivo, in coerenza con il portato della Convenzione Europea del Paesaggio, indirizza le ragioni di una strategia di intervento sui valori intangibili come strumenti operativi che ne determinano qualità e successo. Livelli di identità e appropriazione diventano strumenti del fare, insieme a relazioni percettive e dinamiche, flessibilità e pluralità di funzioni, traiettorie e tempi che scandiscono forme e maniere di vivere ed abitare nelle città. Quando da ‘pubblici’ gli ambiti urbani passano ad essere collettivi, partecipati, quotidiani, condivisi. Quando da ‘spazi’ diventano ‘luoghi’.
Il numero presenta ricerche, esperienze, tendenze e attitudini di progetto che lasciano emergere i caratteri di un progressivo allontanarsi da un’attenzione prevalente agli aspetti stilistico-formali e compositivi di piazze, strade, marciapiedi, passeggi, giardini, parchi per essere trattati come spazi emozionali della nostra esistenza. Esso raccogliere esperienze progettuali innovative in cui antropologia, filosofia, questioni sociali, si fondono alla composizione architettonica, all’urbanistica, alla progettazione urbana e alimentano ricerca, sperimentazione, sensibilità operativa per sostanziare un progetto di paesaggio più consapevole e complesso.
الخدمات العامة في مملكة غرناطة الباحثان
Authors: عبـد القـادر م. م. همسـة صالـح , سلمان أ. د. مثنـى فليفل 
Published: January 2022

افتقرت الدراسات الأندلسية لدراسة حول الخدمات العامة في مملكة غرناطة، التي يمكن ‏أن نطلق عليها اسم ”الأندلس الصغرى“، بعدما تساقطت المدن الأندلسية الواحدة تلو الأخرى ‏وخاصة على فترة دويلات الطوائف، التي تميزت بالتنافر فيما بينهم، الأمر الذي ساعد ‏الطرف الآخر (النصارى) من استثمار هذه النزاعات إلى استعادة بعض المدن الأندلسية التي ‏سرعان ما عادت بعد دخول المرابطين إليها.‏
وهكذا صارت حال الأندلس بين المد والانحسار، وعلى أثر ذلك أطلقنا على مملكة ‏غرناطة التي ظلت وحيدة واقفة أمام كل الغزوات القادمة من النصارى اسم ”الأندلس ‏الصغرى“ والتي امتد صمودها للفترة (629-897ه/1232-1492م).‏
إن مثل هذا الصمود لابد أن يقف وراءه الكثير من العوامل بشتى مناحيها السياسي ‏والاقتصادي والاجتماعي، بمعنى كل عوامل نمو واستمرار الحضارة الإسلامية فيها، فكان ‏لابد أن تكون الخدمات العامة إحدى تلك العوامل التي ترتبط بدرجة وبأخرى بالنواحي الآنفة ‏الذكر... من هنا جاء بحثنا الموسوم بـ ”الخدمات العامة في مملكة غرناطة“. إذ إن بقاء ‏الأندلس الصغرى اكثر من قرنين ونصف لهو دليل على رقي الخدمات ومدى تنوعها ‏وتطورها، فبقاء الشخص وتشبثه بالأرض مرتبط بالقيم الإسلامية والأخلاقية وما إلى ذلك، ‏كان لابد لنوع وتنوع الخدمات أثر في ذلك التشبث الذي دام كل تلك الفترة، من هنا جاءت ‏دراستنا لهذا الموضوع الذي تضمن بقدر ما أمدتنا به المصادر والمراجع التي اطلعنا عليها ‏وبما تجبرنا شروط البحث تشكيلاً منوعاً من الخدمات.
الــعــلاقــات الليبية – الامريــكيـــة 1969-2011
Authors: عبيد أ.م.د منى حسين 
Published: January 2022

اكتسبت ليبيا أهمية كبيرة في استراتيجية الولايات المتحدة الامريكية وعلى المستويات كافة ،اذ سعت الولايات المتحدة الامريكية من خلال علاقتها بليبيا الى تحقيق جملة من الاهداف السياسية والاقتصادية. وبناء على الاهمية التي تتمتع بها ليبيا فقد عمدت الولايات المتحدة الامريكية ومنذ زمن بعيد اي منذ العهد الملكي الى عقد اتفاقات وتحالفات مع ليبيا بل وحتى اقامة القواعد فيها.
وعلى الرغم من علاقات التحالف والتعاون التي ربطت كلا البلدين، الا ان تلك العلاقات سرعان ما شهدت نفورا كبيراً منذ ثورة الفاتح عام 1969م، بسبب السياسات التي تبنتها تلك الثورة ومنها التوجهات القومية في تحقيق الوحدة العربية، واجلاء القواعد البريطانية والامريكية، وتأميم شركات النفط عام 1973م .
ومما زاد العلاقة سوءاً محاولة الولايات المتحدة الامريكية وضع ليبيا ضمن الدول الراعية للإرهاب ولاسيما بعد احداث 11 ايلول 2001م، الا ان ليبيا استطاعت من ان تغير سلوكها الخارجي مع الولايات المتحدة الامريكية وابدت استعدادها للتعاون مع الاخيرة في مجال مكافحة الارهاب .
الا ان تلك العلاقات اخذت بالتدهور ولاسيما بعد احداث الربيع العربي وتدخل الولايات المتحدة الامريكية لإسقاط معمر القذافي. وفي الواقع، اننا لا نقلل من شأن طبيعة القذافي ونظامه التسلطي والذي دفعت الولايات المتحدة الامريكية للقضاء عليه ،ولكن ما قامت به الدعاية الامريكية وحلفاؤها وغيرهم ضد نظام القذافي وتصويره نظاما وحشيا ودكتاتوراً دموياً ومنتهكا لجميع اشكال حقوق الانسان لم يكن سوى حجة واهية للتخلص من الرئيس الليبي معمر القذافي.
Influence of basic tillage, fertilizers and herbicides on weediness of pea crops for grain in stationary crop rotation
Authors: Hutianskyi R. , Popov S. , Kuzmenko N. , Hlubokyi O. 
Published: January 2022

Goal. To establish the influence of the methods of basic tillage, fertilization system and herbicides on the weediness of pea crops for grain during cultivation in a stationary steam-grain-row crop rotation of the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. The research was carried out by route surveys of pea crops for grain in the field crop rotation.
Results. According to the research of 2016—18, 52 types of weeds and contaminants (spring early and late were 54%; wintering, winter and biennials were 23%; perennials were 23%) were found in pea crops for grain after spring cereal crops (spring barley, spring wheat, spring triticale) as forecrop. The largest number of them was noted on the organic-mineral background (manure aftereffect, 30 t/ha + N30P30K30) for the application of fertilizers for plowing (33 species) and chisel tillage (35 species). The weeds found in the pea crops for grain belonged to 20 families, of which the aster family (17 species) was the most represented. The main weeds in the crops were Setaria glauсa (L.) Beauv., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Roem. et Schult., Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Solanum nigrum L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Stachys annua L., Xanthium strumarium L., Galium aparine L., Viola arvensis Murr., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Sonchus arvensis L. and Convolvulus arvensis L. The use of herbicides and their compositions in the cultivation of peas for grain has significantly influenced the dominance and subdominance of certain weed species in the years of research. The fertilization system and the methods of basic tillage in crop rotation had a significant impact on the type and level of weediness of crops. The type of weed control crops (without fertilizers) differed significantly from organic and organo-mineral fertilizer backgrounds. For the most part, the version with chisel tillage had a higher level of weeding compared to plowing.
Conclusions. Methods of basic tillage, fertilizer system and herbicides significantly affect the weediness of pea crops for grain in steam-grain-row crop rotation, which should be taken into account by farmers when developing methods of its control in the eastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
Harmfulness of cotton bollworm caterpillars on maize hybrids
Authors: Liaska Y. , Stryhun O. , Honcharenko O. , Kravchenko V. 
Published: January 2022

Goal. Determine the damage to modern corn hybrids by the caterpillars of the cotton bollworm, develop a point scale for assessing the damage of kernels on the cob, and calculate the direct losses of grain yield.
Methods. Field. The studies were carried in the research fields of the Cherkasy Research Station of Bioresources of the NSC «Institute of Agriculture of NAAS» 2017—2019. The cultivation of corn was carried out in accordance with the cultivation technology recommended for the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine, Cherkasy region. Plot size — 56 m2, in four replicates. Placement of plots — randomized. The number of damaged corncobs of cotton scoop was determined per hectare. To calculate the number of damaged kernels per corncobs, each damaged corn cobs was opened and the number of eaten and damaged kernels was counted. To calculate the direct yield losses for each corn hybrid, the total number of kernels eaten and damaged by the caterpillars of the cotton bollworm (per hectare) was calculated, which was multiplied by the mass of 100 kernels, respectively.
Results. The degree of harmfulness of cotton bollworm caterpillars on maize hybrids of different maturity was investigated. In 2017—2019 The corncobs are most damaged in hybrids of the mid-maturing group — 58.4%, less — in early-maturing hybrids — 41.1%, and in the middle-early ones — 47.8%. For the first time, a nine-point scale was developed for assessing the defeat of caryopses on the cob by Helicoverpa armigera Hbn. caterpillars direct losses of grain yield are calculated. It was found that significant yield losses were observed in all mid-season maize hybrids (0.185—0.280 t/ha).
Conclusions. In the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, the cotton bollworm turned out to be a dangerous pest of the generative organs of corn. Therefore, the selection of resistant hybrids to attack by caterpillars of the cotton bollworm is a key element in the protection of this crop. And the nine-point scale developed by us allows us to assess the degree of damage to caryopses by the caterpillars of Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.