bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology, trend and in-hospital outcome of traumatic spinal injuries due to road traffic accidents
Authors: Algahtany Mubrak A 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to provide information on the epidemiology, trend, associated traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and non-spinal injuries, and risk factors affecting the in-hospital outcome of RTA-related traumatic spinal injury (TSI) over the past decade in Aseer province, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: In this retrospective study, we included all RTA-related traumatic injuries (5797) admitted to ACH from 1st January 2010 to 31 December 2019, from which 810 cases were TSIs. The cases were identified through the hospital database registry.. Descriptive analysis was performed for gender, age, level of spinal injury, admission day, type of care unit, associated injuries, presence of TSCI and discharge category.
Results: TSIs accounted for 13.97% of RTA-related injuries with a predominantly male population. The patients had a mean age of 30.7 years, 46.67 % of victims were between 19 to 30-years old. There was a significant decrease in the number of RTA-related TSIs over the study period. Lumbar and cervical injuries were more prevalent (32.47 and 31.36 %, respectively). Most (73.58 %) TSIs occurred during working days, and 6.54% required critical care admission. Associated non-spinal injuries occurred in 50.25% and TSCI in 6.91% of patients. The in-hospital mortality was 5.18%. The Age, level of spine injury, need for critical care, associated injuries, and TSCI significantly affected the likelihood of improvement.
Conclusion: The latest government initiatives to reduce RTA like speed limits and waring of seat belts have resulted in a concordant decline in TSI incidence with good consistency between police and health registration data
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.5288
How to cite this:Algahtany MA. Epidemiology, trend and in-hospital outcome of traumatic spinal injuries due to road traffic accidents. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.5288
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Ex-vivo experimental strategies for assessing unconstrained shoulder biomechanics: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Genter Jeremy , Croci Eleonora , Ewald Hannah , Müller Andreas M. , Mündermann Annegret , Baumgartner Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Background: Shoulder biomechanics cannot be measured directly in living persons. While different glenohumeral joint simulators have been developed to investigate the role of the glenohumeral muscles in shoulder biomechanics, a standard for these simulators has not been defined. With this scoping review we want to describe available ex-vivo experimental strategies for assessing unconstrained shoulder biomechanics. Objective: The scoping review aims at identifying methodological and/or experimental studies describing or involving ex-vivo simulators that assess unconstrained shoulder biomechanics and synthesizing their strengths and limitations. Inclusion criteria: All unconstrained glenohumeral joint simulators published in connection with ex-vivo or mechanical simulation experiments will be included. Studies on glenohumeral simulators with active components to mimic the muscles will be included. We will exclude studies where the experiment is static or the motion is induced through an external guide, e.g., a robotic device. Methods: We will perform database searching in PubMed, Embase via Elsevier and Web of Science. Two reviewers will independently assess full texts of selected abstracts. Direct backward and forward citation tracking on included articles will be conducted. We will narratively synthesize the results and derive recommendations for designing ex-vivo simulators for assessing unconstrained shoulder biomechanics.
Circulating tumor cells isolated from colorectal cancer patients can form spheroids spontaneously: a small study in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia
Authors: Abdullah Murdani , Noor Dimas R. , Maulahela Hasan , Aziza Nursyirwan Saskia 
Published: January 2022

Background: Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) are tumor cells that have been separated from the primary site and enter the blood or lymphatic circulation of cancer patients. CTCs are known to have tumorigenic properties and are thought to have a relationship with metastasis. One of the tests that can be used to assess tumorigenesis is the spheroid formation test. This study was conducted to determine CTCs’ ability to form spheroids. Methods: A 1 ml sample of blood was taken from two patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and placed in separate heparin tubes. The CTCs were then isolated using the DirectCTC enrichment kit according to the manufacturer's procedure. A total of 10,000 cells were grown in nuncsphera u plates in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) for three days under standard culture conditions. Spheroid or aggregation was then evaluated using an inverted microscope. Results: We identified a CTC culture derived from each of the patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, namely CTC ID001 and CTC 002 respectively. CTC ID001 formed spheroids spontaneously while CTC ID002 did not. CTC ID001 appears to aggregate spontaneously and resembles primary tumor cells in their ability to form spheroids. Conclusions: We observed that CTCs can mimic primary tumors to form spheroids spontaneously, though some CTCs are not able to form spheroids. We suspected that this was related to the tumorigenic nature of CTC in these patients.
Transmission of yellow fever vaccine virus from breast feeding mothers to their infants: reporting of yellow fever virus (YFV) RNA detection in milk specimens
Authors: Hassan Tarteel , Bashir Razan A. , Abdelrahman Dina N. , Madni Hassan , M El Hussein Abdel Rahim , Elkidir Isam M. , Enan Khalid A. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Because of yellow fever’s serious impact on health, vaccination is the principal strategy to control the disease. Administration of the yellow fever vaccine to breastfeeding women should be before they complete 9 months post-delivery, in order to prevent transmission of the yellow fever vaccine virus to their infants through breast feeding. This study aimed to confirm whether the excretion of yellow fever vaccine virus is in milk of vaccinated breastfeeding mothers and to confirm the probable transmission to their infants through breast milk. Methods: Samples were taken as follows: one serum specimen was taken 3-14 days after the date of the vaccination, and breast milk specimens were taken at four different time points between 3-4 days apart. Specimens were obtained from eight nursing mothers, who received the YVF vaccine (17DD). Mothers were asymptomatic before and after the vaccine administration but their infants developed symptoms after administration. Maternal serum samples were tested for YFV specific IgM antibodies through immuno-fluorescent assay (IFA). RNA was extracted from serum and breast milk specimens and YFV RNA screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: In total, five mothers (62.5%) were positive for YFV and two mothers (25%) had YFV RNA in serum. Among milk specimens, YFV RNA was detected during the four different mentioned collection times as follows (positive milk specimens/total milk specimens): 3/8 (37.5 %), 4/6 (66.6%) and 1/4(25%). RNA was completely undetectable in the last collection time. Conclusions: YFV transmission from mothers to their babies through breast-feeding was highly probable indicated by the temporal relationship to mother’s YF vaccination.
DARLENE – Improving situational awareness of European law enforcement agents through a combination of augmented reality and artificial intelligence solutions
Authors: Apostolakis Konstantinos C. , Dimitriou Nikolaos , Margetis George , Ntoa Stavroula , Tzovaras Dimitrios , Stephanidis Constantine 
Published: January 2022

Background: Augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) are highly disruptive technologies that have revolutionised practices in a wide range of domains, including the security sector. Several law enforcement agencies (LEAs) employ AI in their daily operations for forensics and surveillance. AR is also gaining traction in security, particularly with the advent of affordable wearable devices. Equipping police officers with the tools to facilitate an elevated situational awareness (SA) in patrolling and tactical scenarios is expected to improve LEAs’ safety and capacity to deliver crucial blows against terrorist and/or criminal threats. Methods: In this paper we present DARLENE, an ecosystem incorporating novel AI techniques for activity recognition and pose estimation tasks, combined with a wearable AR framework for visualization of the inferenced results via dynamic content adaptation according to the wearer’s stress level and operational context. The concept has been validated with end-users through co-creation workshops, while the decision-making mechanism for enhancing LEAs’ SA has been assessed with experts. Regarding computer vision components, preliminary tests of the instance segmentation method for humans’ and objects’ detection have been conducted on a subset of videos from the RWF-2000 dataset for violence detection, which have also been used to test a human pose estimation method that has so far exhibited impressive results, constituting the basis of further developments in DARLENE. Results: Evaluation results highlight that target users are positive towards the adoption of the proposed solution in field operations, and that the SA decision-making mechanism produces highly acceptable outcomes. Evaluation of the computer vision components yielded promising results and identified opportunities for improvement. Conclusions: This work provides the context of the DARLENE ecosystem and presents the DARLENE architecture, analyses its individual technologies, and demonstrates preliminary results, which are positive both in terms of technological achievements and user acceptance of the proposed solution.
Nanosecond Q-switched laser with PEDOT: PSS saturable absorber
Authors: Al-Hiti Ahmed Shakir , Yasin Moh , Harun Sulaiman Wadi 
Published: January 2022

We demonstrate deployment of the nonlinear saturable absorption property of the organic material poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) for pulse generation in the near-infrared region. The saturable absorber (SA) film was made using a straightforward process of depositing a layer of the PEDOT: PSS material onto a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film. The prepared SA was inserted into an erbium-doped fiber laser cavity as a

Q

-switcher to produce laser pulses with a maximum pulse rate of 92.75 kHz, minimum pulse duration of 912 ns, and highest pulse energy of 222.83 nJ. Results showed that PEDOT: PSS/PVA SA could become a promising SA for various laser applications. To our knowledge, this is the first time that PEDOT: PSS/PVA has been utilized as a SA to produce a stable

Q

-switched laser in 1.55 µm.
The effect of mind-body exercise on cervical spine mobility of people with neck discomfort: A systemic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Liao Xianhui , Chen Hao , Ge Beihai 
Published: January 2022

Background
Long-term and high-intensity work can lead to considerable discomfort in people’s cervical spines.

Objectives
This study sought to explore the effect of mind-body exercise intervention on the cervical spine mobility of people with neck discomfort through meta-analysis.

Methods
This study’s researchers were searched a total of five research databases for data retrieval: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (from 1979), Web of Science (from 1950), PubMed (from 1965), Cochrane (from 1991), and EBSCO (from 1949) (Date of retrieval: March 10, 2021). Two authors independently searched literature records, scanned titles, abstracts, and full texts, collected data, and assessed materials for risk of bias. Stata14.0 software was used for the data analysis (Registration number: INPLASY202140126).

Results
Four articles were finally included with a total of 208 participants, and their age range was 18–65 years old. (1) Mind-body exercise intervention had a significant improving effect on Cervical extension, effect size of [SMD = 0.51 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.88), p <0.01; I2 = 45.2%], there was moderate heterogeneity; Mind-body exercise intervention had a significant improving effect on Cervical flexion, effect size of [SMD = 0.61 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.90), p <0.01; I2 = 5.7%], no heterogeneity; (2) Mind-body exercise intervention was no effect on the other four cervical range of motions; (3) The difference in participant’s neck discomfort was the source of heterogeneity, and all results had the potential risk of publication bias.

Conclusion
This study showed that mind-body exercise had a positive effect on the extension and flexion of people with neck discomfort. However, further research and more reliable evidence were needed to prove that mind–body exercise could be used for the treatment of neck discomfort.
Avaliação da capacidade de confinamento de solos finos Portugueses: selecção dos lixiviados e dos solos
Authors: Roque António 
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo evidenciou que no transporte dos poluentes através dos solos finos, deve ser tomada em consideração, não apenas a condutividade hidráulica, como prescreve o Decreto-Lei n.º 152/2002, de 23 de Maio e a maior parte dos regulamentos internacionais, mas também o coeficiente de difusão e o factor de retardamento dos poluentes. A tomada de consciência da importante influência da difusão molecular e da retenção na migração dos poluentes através dos solos significa que é mais correcto, por simular com maior aproximação as condições reais, dimensionar as barreiras minerais presentes nos aterros de resíduos com base no transporte dos poluentes por advecção e por difusão.
De forma a se obter uma amostragem alargada sobre o transporte dos poluentes nos solos, procedeu-se, numa primeira fase do programa de investigação, à preparação de dois lixiviados, representativos dos produzidos nos aterros de resíduos sólidos urbanos, à caracterização de trinta amostras recolhidas em diferentes formações argilosas portuguesas e à selecção de amostras representativas e, numa segunda fase, ao estudo do desempenho hidrogeoquímico dos solos com base, quer na compatibilidade solo-lixiviado, quer no tempo de transporte das espécies químicas nos solos por advecção e por difusão. Neste artigo apenas se apresentam os trabalhos desenvolvidos na primeira fase.
Transforming the Architecture of Food
Authors: Malaia Kateryna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Transforming the Architecture of Food: From the Soviet to the Post-Soviet Apartment focuses on the changes to urban domestic architecture and food-related spaces—those for eating, cooking, and storage—that occurred parallel to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. In this article, Kateryna Malaia traces a path from standardized Soviet apartment housing built and regulated by the state to the implementation of architectural and spatial solutions by individual apartment dwellers and designers in the post-Soviet years. From the 1980s through the early 2000s, such remodeling projects affected late- and post-Soviet architectural imagination and urban apartments en masse, coinciding with ephemeral yet important changes in domestic practices. To navigate these complex transformations, Malaia questions traditional architectural programmatic labeling—kitchen, dining room, family room, open plan—within the late- and post-Soviet context. Drawing on both archival and popular sources as well as interviews with apartment dwellers, architects, and engineers collected in the post-Soviet urban centers of Kyiv and Lviv in Ukraine, this study shows how the grassroots adaptation of standardized apartment housing at this time echoed new economic and political circumstances. Malaia’s analysis of changes in food-related spaces and practices provides a critical index of the widespread social impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union in everyday architecture and life.
Tissue sensitivity to thyroid hormones may change over time
Authors: Radetti Giorgio , Rigon Franco , Salvatoni Alessandro , Campi Irene , De Filippis Tiziana , Cirello Valentina , Longhi Silvia , Guizzardi Fabiana , Bonomi Marco , Persani Luca 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) may transiently show a certain degree of pituitary resistance to levothyroxine (LT4) which, however, normalizes subsequently. However, in some individuals, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) fails to normalize despite adequate LT4 treatment.

Methods
Nine patients with CH followed in three Academic Centre who developed over time resistance to thyroid hormones underwent extensive biochemical and genetic analyses. These latter were performed by Sanger sequence or targeted next-generation sequencing technique including a panel of candidate genes involved in thyroid hormone actions and congenital hypothyroidism (CH): THRA, THRB, DIO1, DIO2, SLC16A2, SECISBP2, DUOX2, DUOXA2, FOXE1, GLIS3, IYD, JAG1, NKX2-1, NKX2-
5, PAX8, SLC26A4, SLC5A5, TG, TPO, TSHR.

Results
All patients displayed a normal sensitivity to thyroid hormone (TH) in the first years of life but developed variable degrees of resistance to LT4 treatment at later stages. In all cases, TSH normalized only in the presence of high free thyroxine levels. Tri-iodothyronine suppression test followed by thyrotrophin-releasing hormone stimulation was performed in two cases and was compatible with central resistance to THs. This biochemical feature was present independently on the cause of CH, being observed either in patients with an ectopic (n = 2) or eutopic gland (n = 3) or in case of athyreosis (n = 1). None of the patients had genetic variants in genes involved in the regulation of TH actions, while in two cases, we found two double heterozygous missense variants in TSHR and GLIS3 or in DUOX2 and SLC26A4 genes, respectively.

Conclusions
We report CH patients who showed an acquired and unexplainable pituitary refractoriness to TH action.
The amino acids, bacterial communities, and their correlations in Wuliangye-flavour liquor production
Authors: Wang Q. , Liu K.Y. , Liu L.L. , Zheng J. , He C.R. , Jiang B. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
With the enhancement of people’s awareness of drinking health, the health factors in Wuliangye-flavour liquor is worth our attention. Bacterial communities in 4 layers of Zaopei from the same fermentation pit and amino acids as major health factors in 4 liquors directly related Zaopeis were investigated by Illumina MiSeq sequencing and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, respectively. Results indicated that 18 amino acids were detected and 8 dominant bacteria (genus level) were observed. Meanwhile, total amino acids, 11 amino acids (Glu, Asp, Val, etc), bacterial diversity, and the percentages of Lactobacillus and Pseudomonas increased with the increase of Zaopei’s depth; 5 amino acids (Pro, Ser, Phe, etc) and the percentages of Pediococcus and Bacteroides first increased and then decreased with the increase of Zaopei’s depth. Moreover, 11 amino acids were significantly (P < 0.01) and strongly (|ρ| > 0.8) positively correlated with Lactobacillus and Pseudomonas numbers.
El ABPrj como estrategia pedagógica aplicada en un curso de Programación Orientada a Objetos
Authors: Lasso-Cardona Luis 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de percepción que tuvieron los alumnos con respecto al uso de la metodología ABPrj como herramienta usada en la asignatura de Introducción a la Programación Orientada a Objetos, dictada en segundo semestre en las sedes de Buga y Tuluá de la Universidad del Valle Método: La investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque descriptivo-cuantitativo. El enfoque cuantitativo permitió medir los datos recolectados al aplicar la encuesta diseñada. El estudio se realizó en cinco fases: 1) Recolección de información, 2) Construcción del marco teórico, 3) Diseño y aplicación de la encuesta, 4) Análisis de datos recolectados, y 5) Conclusiones. Resultados: Se obtuvo una calificación promedio de 4.5 pts. equivalente al 90% de aprobación. Se logró establecer que existió una correlación entre la edad y el promedio de la evaluación, alcanzando su mayor diferencia en los estudiantes de Tecnología con un 16.61% Discusión y Conclusiones: Las pruebas estadísticas confirmaron la hipótesis del investigador, en cuanto a que no existieron diferencias muy marcadas en los estudiantes de Tecnología e Ingeniería respecto a la evaluación de la estrategia implementada
"The Way History Lands on a Face": Disability, Indigeneity, and Embodied Violence in Tommy Orange's There There
Authors: Bushman Brandi , Toscano Pasquale 
Published: January 2022

At the start of Tommy Orange's There There, Cheyenne child Tony Loneman peers into his television screen and considers a playground taunt: "Why's your face look like that?" Confronted with his reflection, he discovers the "Drome"—the way fetal alcohol syndrome has contoured his body, "the way history lands on a face." The novel ends with another question from Tony: "Grandma, what are we?" With these pillared concerns—the "why" of nonnormative embodiment and the "what" of cultural identity—There There invites us to consider the ways that Indigeneity and disability are constitutive of one another. We argue that Orange (Cheyenne and Arapaho) explores how the disabled Native bodymind is always under the surveillance of the present colonial eye. We do so via close-readings of three of Tony's encounters in the novel: with himself, with an able-bodied, non-Native interlocutor who interrogates his cultural and bodymind alterity, and with his grandmother. Embodying the ancestral trauma renewed in these moments, Tony must not only live within a multi-generational temporality but must also (re)assemble his reality through constant encounters with non-Native interlocuters, moments that mimic and remind the reader of the original contact zones of American coloniality. In analyzing these moments, this article considers how disability and Indigeneity are, at once, in tension while also mutually constitutive of one another through three ongoing operations of the colonial project: the branding, transformation, and invasive reading of the bodymind. As settler colonialism continues to find its "specific, irreducible element" of territoriality not only on the geographical space of the Americas, but also on the individual bodymind, disability and Indigeneity, the corporeal and the ideological, the national and the personal, become metonymically connected and intimately imbricated.