bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of post‐induction therapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma patients with end‐induction residual disease
Authors: Desai Ami V. , Applebaum Mark A. , Karrison Theodore G. , Oppong Akosua , Yuan Cindy , Berg Katherine R. , MacQuarrie Kyle , Sokol Elizabeth , Hall Anurekha G. , Pinto Navin , Wolfe Ian , Mody Rajen , Shusterman Suzanne , Smith Valeria , Foster Jennifer H. , Nassin Michele , LaBelle James L. , Bagatell Rochelle , Cohn Susan L. 
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUNDHigh‐risk neuroblastoma patients with end‐induction residual disease commonly receive post‐induction therapy in an effort to increase survival by improving the response before autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The authors conducted a multicenter, retrospective study to investigate the efficacy of this approach.METHODSPatients diagnosed between 2008 and 2018 without progressive disease with a partial response or worse at end‐induction were stratified according to the post‐induction treatment: 1) no additional therapy before ASCT (cohort 1), 2) post‐induction “bridge” therapy before ASCT (cohort 2), and 3) post‐induction therapy without ASCT (cohort 3). χ2 tests were used to compare patient characteristics. Three‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan‐Meier method and survival curves were compared by log‐rank test.RESULTSThe study cohort consisted of 201 patients: cohort 1 (n = 123), cohort 2 (n = 51), and cohort 3 (n = 27). Although the end‐induction response was better for cohort 1 than cohorts 2 and 3, the outcomes for cohorts 1 and 2 were not significantly different (P = .77 for EFS and P = .85 for OS). Inferior outcomes were observed for cohort 3 (P < .001 for EFS and P = .06 for OS). Among patients with end‐induction stable metastatic disease, 3‐year EFS was significantly improved for cohort 2 versus cohort 1 (P = .04). Cohort 3 patients with a complete response at metastatic sites after post‐induction therapy had significantly better 3‐year EFS than those with residual metastatic disease (P = .01).CONCLUSIONSProspective studies to confirm the benefits of bridge treatment and the prognostic significance of metastatic response observed in this study are warranted.
12(S)‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid is significantly increased in diabetic kidney disease and associated with renal function decline
Authors: Xu Jie , Jin Li , Sun Yi , Zhang Rong , Chen Xianghui , Zhou Ranran , Gu Yunjuan , Hu Cheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAims12(S)‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (12(S)‐HETE), an alternate arachidonic acid metabolite, has been recently examined in metabolic disease. However, the role of 12(S)‐HETE in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains unclear. We studied for the first time the relationship of serum 12(S)‐HETE and DKD and renal function parameters in a Chinese population.Materials and MethodsWe recruited 275 subjects who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) for more than 10 years, including 149 DKD patients and 126 T2DM patients without DKD. Serum 12(S)‐HETE was measured using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsSerum 12(S)‐HETE was significantly higher in DKD patients than controls [384.69 (77.54, 1003.05) pg/ml and 17.77 (8.11, 75.13) pg/ml, respectively, p < 0.0001]. Compared to controls, 12(S)‐HETE was significantly increased in both macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria groups (p < 0.0001). Further, the macroalbuminuria group also had a higher serum 12(S)‐HETE level compared to the microalbuminuria group (p = 0.0063). Moreover, serum 12(S)‐HETE was positively correlated with the albuminuria level (r = 0.5833, p < 0.0001), serum creatinine (r = 0.2725, p < 0.0001), and was negatively associated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (r = −0.2085, p = 0.0005). Further, receiver operating characteristic analysis (ROC) revealed that 12(S)‐HETE had a good performance of distinguishing DKD from controls (AUC 0.828) with a sensitivity of 0.913 and a specificity of 0.711.ConclusionOur findings revealed that serum 12(S)‐HETE significantly associated with DKD and disease severity, suggesting that serum 12(S)‐HETE may be used as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of DKD.
Anomalous coloration in European pine marten Martes martes in Elba Island, Central Italy
Authors: Manzo Emiliano , Bartolommei Paola , Dell’Agnello Filippo , Cozzolino Roberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvidence of abnormal coloration in wild animals provides useful information to better understand its adaptive function and its impact on survival. For this reason, we need to know the frequency and distribution of these abnormal phenotypes in wild populations. Here, we report two records of hypopigmentation in European pine marten Martes martes, obtained during a camera‐trapping survey on Elba Island, Central Italy. We do not know what has caused anomalous coloration of pine marten on Elba Island, but it is possible that the inbreeding may have played a role in this isolated population. Although the light coloration certainly entails an increased visibility of pine martens, it is possible that the low predator pressure and the absence of other wild carnivore populations in our study could mitigate the mortality risk due to the light phenotype. The increased use of camera traps across the world can potentially facilitate the discovery of cases of anomalous colorations in wild populations, providing an unprecedented insight into the occurrence of this phenomenon in wild mammal species.
Towards the Synthesis of Highly Hindered Pyrrolidines by Intramolecular AAC Click Reactions: What Can Be Learned from DFT Calculations?**
Authors: Cicetti Soledad , Maestre Eugenia , Spanevello Rolando A. , Sarotti Ariel M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA straightforward synthesis of a highly substituted biomass‐derived chiral pyrrolidine conveniently functionalized to obtain macrocycles through intramolecular “click” reactions is reported. The experimental difficulties encountered during the macrocyclization stage led us to conduct an extensive DFT study to understand the origins of the findings. The results suggest that the improper conformational landscape of the reactant precludes the pre‐organization required to connect the reactive moieties. We propose that the cumulative Boltzmann amplitudes of reactive conformations (CBAR) prove to be a simple and useful parameter to predict the success or failure of related transformations.
A splitting method for the numerical simulation of free surface flows with sediment deposition and resuspension
Authors: Mrad Arwa , Caboussat Alexandre , Picasso Marco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a numerical model for the simulation of 3D sediment transport in a Newtonian flow with free surfaces. The Navier–Stokes equations are coupled with the transport, deposition, and resuspension of the particle concentrations, and a volume‐of‐fluid approach to track the free surface between water and air. The numerical method relies on operator splitting to decouple advection and diffusion phenomena, and a two‐grid method. An appropriate combination of characteristics, finite volumes, and finite elements methods is advocated. The numerical model is validated through comparisons with numerical experiments, sediment flushing, shear flow erosion, and the formation of dunes.
Analysis of cost and outcomes in bony versus soft tissue midface free flap reconstruction
Authors: Alnemri Angela , Philips Ramez , Sussman Sarah , Xu Vivian , Givens Alyssa , Patel Anjali , Swendseid Brian , Agarwal Aarti , Keith Scott , Shimada Ayako , Selman Yamil , Cognetti David M. , Heffelfinger Ryan , Goldman Richard , Luginbuhl Adam J. , Wax Mark K. , Sweeny Larissa , Curry Joseph M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes and cost of soft tissue versus bony midface free flap reconstruction (MR) with and without virtual surgical planning (VSP) were evaluated.MethodsRetrospective review of MR including ischemic time (IT), operative duration (OD), length of stay (LOS), and total cost (TC). Eighty‐one soft tissue and 76 bony MR (VSP = 23) were reviewed.ResultsBony MR was used for higher complexity defects (p = 0.003) and was associated with higher IT (p < 0.001), OD (p < 0.001), LOS (p = 0.032), and TC (p < 0.001). VSP was associated with a mean 111.2 ± 37.9 minute reduction in OD (p = 0.004) compared to non‐VSP bony flaps. VSP was associated with higher itemized cost, but no increase in TC (p = 0.327).ConclusionsBony MR was used for higher complexity MR and was associated with increased TC, LOS, OD, and IT. VSP shortened OD with no significant increase in TC.
Reduced number of IFN‐γ producing cells in peripheral blood is a biomarker for patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Kun‐Jin , Yang Kun , Zhang Feng‐Ping , Liu Si‐Nan , Yang Kai‐Bo , Ma Xiao‐Hua , Zhang Xing , Ma Yan‐Fen , Geng Hui , Wang Zheng , Liu Chang , Lin Ting 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRenal cell cancer (RCC) is the most lethal of all the common urologic cancers and constitutes 2.2% of all malignancy diagnoses. The incidence of RCC has been steadily increasing in recent decades. The classic risk factors of RCC include smoking, hypertension, obesity, genetics, and genetic mutations. Recent studies also revealed that RCC was an immunogenic tumor and affected by host immune status. Among the pan‐cance, RCC presented with the highest degree of immune infiltration, indicating RCC patients might benefit from immunotherapy. A new immune classification of RCC has been developed by Su et al. based on tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes to guide clinical practice. However, these studies mainly focus on biomarkers derived from tumor microenvironment (TME), the biomarkers based on peripheral blood samples to RCC have rarely been described. We collected peripheral blood samples from RCC patients and their matched healthy controls and detected the number of IL‐2 and IFN‐γ producing cells by implementing an enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. This is the first study to report blood‐based immune biomarkers for RCC using an ELISPOT assay. Our results suggested the frequency of IFN‐γ producing cells but not IL‐2 producing cells was associated with RCC risk. These findings warrant further validation in larger prospective studies.
Targeting euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferases sensitizes colorectal cancer to histone deacetylase inhibitors
Authors: Bamberg Leonhard Valentin , Heigwer Florian , Wandmacher Anna Maxi , Singh Ambika , Betge Johannes , Rindtorff Niklas , Werner Johannes , Josten Julia , Skabkina Olga Valerievna , Hinsenkamp Isabel , Erdmann Gerrit , Röcken Christoph , Ebert Matthias P , Burgermeister Elke , Zhan Tianzuo , Boutros Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEpigenetic dysregulation is an important feature of colorectal cancer (CRC). Combining epigenetic drugs with other antineoplastic agents is a promising treatment strategy for advanced cancers. Here, we exploited the concept of synthetic lethality to identify epigenetic targets that act synergistically with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors to reduce the growth of CRC. We applied a pooled CRISPR‐Cas9 screen using a custom sgRNA library directed against 614 epigenetic regulators and discovered that knockout of the euchromatic histone‐lysine N‐methyltransferases 1 and 2 (EHMT1/2) strongly enhanced the antiproliferative effect of clinically used HDAC inhibitors. Using tissue microarrays from 1066 CRC samples with different tumor stages, we showed that low EHMT2 protein expression is predominantly found in advanced CRC and associated with poor clinical outcome. Cotargeting of HDAC and EHMT1/2 with specific small molecule inhibitors synergistically reduced proliferation of CRC cell lines. Mechanistically, we used a high‐throughput Western blot assay to demonstrate that both inhibitors elicited distinct cellular mechanisms to reduce tumor growth, including cell cycle arrest and modulation of autophagy. On the epigenetic level, the compounds increased H3K9 acetylation and reduced H3K9 dimethylation. Finally, we used a panel of patient‐derived CRC organoids to show that HDAC and EHMT1/2 inhibition synergistically reduced tumor viability in advanced models of CRC.
Circulating brain‐derived neurotrophic factor dysregulation and its linkage with lipid level, stenosis degree, and inflammatory cytokines in coronary heart disease
Authors: Xia Feng , Zeng Qingrong , Chen Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates the lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis plaque formation, and inflammatory process, while the study about its clinical role in coronary heart disease (CHD) is few. The present study intended to explore the expression of BDNF and its relationship with stenosis, inflammation, and adhesion molecules in CHD patients.MethodsAfter serum samples were obtained from 207 CHD patients, BDNF, tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐17A, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) levels were determined using ELISA. Then, the BDNF level was also examined in 40 disease controls (DCs) and 40 healthy controls (HCs), separately.ResultsBDNF was lower in CHD patients than in DCs and HCs (median (95% confidential interval) value: 5.6 (3.5–9.6) ng/mL vs. 10.7 (6.1–17.0) ng/mL and 12.6 (9.4–18.2) ng/mL, both p < 0.001). BDNF could well distinguish CHD patients from DCs (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.739) and HCs (AUC: 0.857). BDNF was negatively associated with triglyceride (p = 0.014), total cholesterol (p = 0.037), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.008). BDNF was negatively associated with CRP (p < 0.001), TNF‐α (p < 0.001), IL‐1β (p = 0.008), and IL‐8 (p < 0.001). BDNF was negatively related to VCAM‐1 (p < 0.001) and ICAM‐1 (p = 0.003). BDNF was negatively linked with the Gensini score (p < 0.001).ConclusionBDNF reflects the lipid dysregulation, inflammatory status, and stenosis degree in CHD patients.
Scanning electron microscopy for identification of local strain of Aspergillus Parasiticus and its larvicidal efficacy against Aedes Aegypti and non‐target toxicity testing on fingerlings of Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix
Authors: Abrar Amina , Abbas Moneeza , Mehmood Salma , Ghani Nadia , Fatima Ammara , Shahzadi Rabia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractScanning electron microscopy proved to be helpful in identification of Aspergillus parasiticus. A. parasiticus has a worldwide occurrence with high entomopathogenic efficacy against Aedes aegypti. However, assessment of pathogenic effects of entomopathogenic fungi on non‐target organisms is required to evaluate its use as bio control agent. Aim of the present research is to study the parricidal activity of the local strain of A. parasiticus (MK371710) against A. aegypti and its toxicity assessment against aquatic model organism Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. A. parasiticus was isolated from the soil of Jallo Park, Lahore. The larvicidal effect of A. parasiticus was evaluated against fourth instar larvae of A. aegypti. Hundred percent of mortality of larvae was observed after exposure to 1 × 107 conidia/ml of fungal suspension after 72 h post treatment. The LC50 value of A. parsiticus in 24 h post treatment and 48 h post treatment was recorded as 1.0 × 107conidia/ml 2.99 × 105conidia/ml, respectively. However, an in‐depth understanding safety to non‐target organisms is necessary, if we are to properly control the action of these entomopathogenic fungi under natural conditions. For the toxicity assessment fingerlings of H. molitrix were exposed to conidial suspensions of A. parasiticus. Eye pop (64%), fin hemorrhage (33%), and scale infection (30%) were the major morphological effects observed during the study. Results reveal that although A. parasiticus is highly pathogenic to dengue vector but also have significant effects on organisms other than insects and its application as biological control agent requires safety considerations.Highlights
Assessment of pathogenic effects of entomopathogenic fungi on non‐target organisms is required to evaluate its use as biocontrol agent.
SEM was used to identify the microscopic view of Aspergillus parasiticus.
Aim of the present research is to study the larvicidal activity of the local strain of A. parasiticus (MK371710) against Aedes aegypti and its toxicity assessment against aquatic model organism Hypophthalmichthys molitrix.
A compact tri‐band filter based on a dual‐capacitively loaded triple‐mode substrate integrated waveguide resonator
Authors: Jing Huaishu , Zhang Yonghong , Qu Lili , Jing Shouzhao , Liu Jiawei , Bo Xiaole 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis letter presents a compact tri‐band filter using a dual‐capacitively loaded (DCL) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) triple‐mode resonator. The frequencies of TE101, TE102, and TE103 are shifted lower by the capacitive loading effect, which is achieved by the DCL structure. A compact tri‐band example filter is then built by using two DCL triple mode SIW resonators. Following that, seven transmission zeros are generated to improve filter selectivity by vertical coupling of two cavities. The area of the filter occupies only 0.46 λg2. The measured results demonstrate that this compact tri‐band filter has the advantages of flexible control of passbands, easy interconnection with other planar radio frequency components, making it promising for millimeter wave implementations and 3D‐integrated systems.
Gradient‐echo‐train‐based sub‐millisecond periodic event encoded dynamic imaging with random (k, t)‐space undersampling: k‐tget‐SPEEDI
Authors: Luo Qingfei , Zhong Zheng , Sun Kaibao , Scotti Alessandro , Zhou Xiaohong Joe 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe gradient‐echo‐train‐based Sub‐millisecond Periodic Event Encoded Dynamic Imaging (get‐SPEEDI) technique provides ultrahigh temporal resolutions (∼0.6 ms) for detecting rapid physiological activities, but its practical adoption can be hampered by long scan times. This study aimed at developing a more efficient variant of get‐SPEEDI for reducing the scan time without degrading temporal resolution or image quality.MethodsThe proposed pulse sequence, named k‐t get‐SPEEDI, accelerated get‐SPEEDI acquisition by undersampling the k‐space phase‐encoding lines semi‐randomly. At each time frame, k‐space was fully sampled in the central region whereas randomly undersampled in the outer regions. A time‐series of images was reconstructed using an algorithm based on the joint partial separability and sparsity constraints. To demonstrate the performance of k‐t get‐SPEEDI, images of human aortic valve opening and closing were acquired with 0.6‐ms temporal resolution and compared with those from conventional get‐SPEEDI.Resultsk‐t get‐SPEEDI achieved a 2‐fold scan time reduction over the conventional get‐SPEEDI (from ∼6 to ∼3 min), while achieving comparable SNRs and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNRs) for visualizing the dynamic process of aortic valve: SNR/CNR 70/38 vs. 73/39 in the k‐t and conventional get‐SPEEDI scans, respectively. The time courses of aortic valve area also matched well between these two sequences with a correlation coefficient of 0.86.ConclusionsThe k‐t get‐SPEEDI pulse sequence was able to half the scan time without compromising the image quality and ultrahigh temporal resolution. Additional scan time reduction may also be possible, facilitating in vivo adoptions of SPEEDI techniques.
Systematic Dimensional Analysis of the Scaling Relationship for Gradient and Shim Coil Design Parameters
Authors: Lee Seung‐Kyun , Bernstein Matt A. 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo demonstrate systematic, linear algebra–based, dimensional analysis to derive a scaling relationship among the design parameters of MRI gradient and harmonic shim coils.Theory and MethodsThe dimensions of five physical quantities relevant for gradient coil design (inductance, gradient amplitude, inner diameter [], current, and the permeability of free space) were decomposed into fundamental units, and their exponents were arranged into a dimensional matrix. The resulting set of homogenous equations was solved using standard linear algebraic methods. Inclusion of the number of turns as an additional unit yielded a 5 × 5 dimensional matrix with a unique, nontrivial solution. The analysis was extended to harmonic shim coils. The gradient coil scaling relationship was compared with data from 24 published gradient coil sets.ResultsOnly when the unit of turns was included did the linear algebra–based analysis uniquely produce the known scaling relationship that gradient inductance is proportional to gradient efficiency squared times . By applying the same methodology to anlth order shim coil, a novel result is obtained: Shim inductance is proportional to its efficiency squared times . The predicted power‐law relationship between inductance‐normalized gradient efficiency and the diameter accounted for > 92% of the efficiency variation of the surveyed gradient coils. A dimensionless parameter is proposed as an intrinsic figure‐of‐merit of gradient coil efficiency.ConclusionSystematic application of linear algebra–based dimensional analysis can provide new insight in gradient and shim coil design by revealing fundamental scaling relations and helping to guide the design and comparison of coils with different diameters.
Correcting for imaging gradients–related bias of T2 relaxation times at high‐resolution MRI
Authors: Bnaiahu Natalie , Omer Noam , Wilczynski Ella , Levy Shir , Blumenfeld‐Katzir Tamar , Ben‐Eliezer Noam 
Published: June 2022

PurposeHigh‐resolution animal imaging is an integral part of preclinical drug development and the investigation of diseases' pathophysiology. Quantitative mapping of T2 relaxation times (qT2) is a valuable tool for both preclinical and research applications, providing high sensitivity to subtle tissue pathologies. High‐resolution T2 mapping, however, suffers from severe underestimation of T2 values due to molecular diffusion. This affects both single‐echo and multi‐echo spin echo (SSE and MESE), on top of the well‐known contamination of MESE signals by stimulated echoes, and especially on high‐field and preclinical scanners in which high imaging gradients are used in comparison to clinical scanners.MethodsDiffusion bias due to imaging gradients was analyzed by quantifying the effective b‐value for each coherence pathway in SSE and MESE protocols, and incorporating this information in a joint T2‐diffusion reconstruction algorithm. Validation was done on phantoms and in vivo mouse brain using a 9.4T and a 7T MRI scanner.ResultsUnderestimation of T2 values due to strong imaging gradients can reach up to 70%, depending on scan parameters and on the sample's diffusion coefficient. The algorithm presented here produced T2 values that agreed with reference spectroscopic measurements, were reproducible across scan settings, and reduced the average bias of T2 values from −33.5 ± 20.5% to −0.1 ± 3.6%.ConclusionsA new joint T2‐diffusion reconstruction algorithm is able to negate imaging gradient–related underestimation of T2 values, leading to reliable mapping of T2 values at high resolutions.