bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charmless two-body B meson decays in the perturbative QCD factorization approach*
Authors: Chai Jian , Cheng Shan , Ju Yao-hui , Yan Da-Cheng , Lü Cai-Dian , Xiao Zhen-Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) approach based on

factorization has resulted in great achievements in the QCD calculation of hadronic B decays. By regulating the endpoint divergence by the transverse momentum of quarks in the propagators, one can perform the perturbation calculation for various diagrams, including annihilation type diagrams. In this paper, we review the current status of the PQCD factorization calculation of two-body charmless

U decays up to next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections. Two new power suppressed terms in the decaying amplitudes are also considered. Using universal input (non-perturbative) parameters, we collect the branching ratios and

asymmetry parameters of all charmless two body B decays, which are calculated in the PQCD approach up to NLO. The results are compared with those of the QCD factorization approach, soft-collinear effective theory approach, and current experimental measurements. For most of the considered B meson decays, the PQCD results for branching ratios agree well with those of other approaches and experimental data. The PQCD predictions for the

asymmetry parameters of many of the decay channels do not agree with those of other approaches but have better agreement with experimental data. The longstanding

puzzle regarding the pattern of the direct CP asymmetries of penguin-dominated

decays can be understood after the inclusion of NLO contributions in PQCD. The NLO corrections and power suppressed terms play an important role in color suppressed and pure annihilation type B decay modes. These rare decays are more sensitive to different types of corrections, providing an opportunity to examine the factorization approach with more precise experimental measurements.
Smart Airport: Mobile Asset Information Modeling Management based on Gamificative VR Environment --- A Case Study of Ningbo Lishe International Airport Staff Restaurant
Authors: Kong Dezhou , Kapogiannis Georgios , Cheshmehzangi Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
With the popularization of Virtual Reality (VR) technology, the application of the complementary advantages of BIM+VR collaboration in facility management (FM) and asset management (AM) is an emerging research field. This theory holds that BIM information generated and acquired in the life cycle of the facility can improve the management of the facility and asset based on the visual expression of VR technology. With this proposition as a starting point, based on the Ningbo Lishe International Airport’s staff restaurant project, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the value of BIM and VR and the challenges they pose in influencing their adoption in AM applications. By establishing a BIM model and a quantitative asset information model, and using the 720 cloud VR platform and related smart devices to complete the visual expression of asset information. The results demonstrated that that the value of BIM+VR in AM comes from the improvement of the existing manual information transfer process, which reduces the data delay to a large extent. Secondly, the accuracy and accessibility of AM data are improved, and the efficiency of the management is improved. The originality of this paper is to prove the great potential of BIM and VR in AM optimization and improvement through real case study, and to provide empirical evidence for the value and challenges of BIM+VR in AM application.
Effect of lemon juice as an eco-friendly additive on the microstructure and corrosion properties of anodized alumina layers
Authors: Hasanpour Jalal , Azadi Mahboobeh , Mohri Maryam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe challenge of anodizing processes is to decrease the chromate compounds or other poisonous materials from the anodizing bath in a way that the performance of oxide layers does not change. Therefore, in this study, a new anodizing bath was developed to create the alumina layers. The new bath contained an H2SO4solution with an eco-friendly additive. This additive was lemon juice (which contained natural citric acid) at various concentrations (0.3 to 2.5 vol%). Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was used to investigate the microstructural evaluations. Tafel polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were also utilized to study the corrosion behavior of the alumina layers on aluminum substrates. The obtained results depicted that the presence of the bio-additive in the anodizing bath caused a reduction in corrosion rates of alumina layers by approximately 90.2 to 100% compared to the layer manufactured without additive. EIS measurements showed an increase in impedance of modified alumina layers by approximately 46%–71% in 0.6 M NaCl solution. Optimum corrosion properties were related to the modified alumina layer when the additive concentration in the anodizing bath was approximately 1.8 vol%. Since it contained low porosity with a value of 3.8% and a thick barrier layer with a thickness of 21 nm.
Ti3C2T
x
MXene anchoring semi-metallic selenium atoms: self-powered photoelectrochemical-type photodetector, hydrogen evolution, and gas-sensing applications
Authors: Azadmanjiri Jalal , Roy Pradip Kumar , Děkanovský Lukáš , Regner Jakub , Sofer Zdeněk 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
MXenes have demonstrated substantial promise as photocatalysts and electrocatalysts for a variety of applications such as self-powered photoelectrochemical (PEC)-type photodetector, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and vapor sensing applications. However, their mechanism is still poorly figured out. Currently, Ti3C2T
x
MXene suffers from low photoresponsivity, high overpotential, and low sensitivity in such important applications. In order to develop catalytic activity and performances of those devices, modifications must be made to the structure of MXenes to enhance the separation of photogenerated charges, rate of the H+/e− couplings, and surface-active sites. These manipulations of MXenes heavily depend on understanding the mechanism of devices, appropriate modification elements, and the method of modification. This study for the first time reveals a facile solid-state annealing strategy for doping semi-metallic selenium (Se) atoms on Ti3C2T
x
MXene for self-powered PEC-type photodetector, HER, and vapor sensor applications. The suitable characteristics of Ti3C2T
x
make it an appropriate substrate to accommodate Se atoms. The well-designed Se-doped Ti3C2 heterojunction including some TiO2 cuboids could exhibit unprecedented photoresponsivity (up to 90 mA W−1) and detectivity (up to 2.0 × 108 cm Hz1/2 W−1) for 420 nm light, HER (−0.7 V at 10 mA cm−2), and gas sensitivity (Z′ = 347 Ω and Z′′ = 150 Ω, for ethanol) in comparison with the pristine Ti3C2T
x
nanosheets. The acquired promising results can be promoted with some other elements and also be examined in other electrolytes. Then, bring inspiration to the applications involving charge transfer, H+/e− couplings, and surface-active sites.
Highly sensitive stretchable sensor combined with low-power memristor for demonstration of artificial mechanoreceptor properties
Authors: Papakonstantinopoulos Charalampos , Bousoulas Panagiotis , Aslanidis Evangelos , Skotadis Evangelos , Tsigkourakos Menelaos , Tsoukalas Dimitris 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The development of high-performance sensors emulating the response of the human skin to external mechanical stimuli is of increasing importance in the era of artificial intelligence and robotics. To realize artificial skin, various parameters must be met, including flexibility, biocompatibility and low power consumption of the employed sensors. In parallel, a multisensory platform for both detection and storage is required for emulating the physical properties of human skin. With this in mind, in this work we demonstrate an extremely sensitive resistive stretchable sensor that can achieve a gauge factor of ∼107 based on the employment of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate decorated with Pt nanoparticles as the stretch-sensitive medium placed in between two Ag electrodes. A critical step to achieve such performance is the formation of a rippled surface of the PDMS substrate through the combined use of pre-stretch and the deposition of a thin Al2O3 film by atomic layer deposition that enables the fabrication of highly stretchable Ag electrodes. The wavelength of the ripples, as well as the peak-to-valley height between them, can be directly controlled by tuning the applied pre-stretch load on the PDMS. By taking advantage of the extreme sensor sensitivity achieved, emulation of the functionality of a biological mechanoreceptor was further demonstrated by connecting the sensor in a parallel circuit configuration with a SiO2-based conductive-bridge memory. Various synaptic properties of the above sensory system are demonstrated, including paired-pulse facilitation and long-term plasticity, indicating the capabilities of our system to perform neuromorphic computations at the edge.
Propagation of errors and quantitative quantum simulation with quantum advantage
Authors: Flannigan S , Pearson N , Low G H , Buyskikh A , Bloch I , Zoller P , Troyer M , Daley A J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The rapid development in hardware for quantum computing and simulation has led to much interest in problems where these devices can exceed the capabilities of existing classical computers and known methods. Approaching this for problems that go beyond testing the performance of a quantum device is an important step, and quantum simulation of many-body quench dynamics is one of the most promising candidates for early practical quantum advantage. We analyse the requirements for quantitatively reliable quantum simulation beyond the capabilities of existing classical methods for analogue quantum simulators with neutral atoms in optical lattices and trapped ions. Considering the primary sources of error in analogue devices and how they propagate after a quench in studies of the Hubbard or long-range transverse field Ising model, we identify the level of error expected in quantities we extract from experiments. We conclude for models that are directly implementable that regimes of practical quantum advantage are attained in current experiments with analogue simulators. We also identify the hardware requirements to reach the same level of accuracy with future fault-tolerant digital quantum simulation. Verification techniques are already available to test the assumptions we make here, and demonstrating these in experiments will be an important next step.
Reflected impedanceometry: a contact-free technique for measuring induced magnetic hysteresis and eddy current heating
Authors: Noble Jonathan P P , Hill Alfred K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Reflected Impedanceometry is a new technique that can remotely measure the power absorbed during radiofrequency induction heating. It measures the total system impedance from the phase difference between current and voltage in the electromagnetic field work coil and uses the characteristic impedance of the work coil circuit to infer the heating power transferred into a susceptor bed. Induction heating of susceptor materials within alternating magnetic fields occurs by magnetic hysteresis, eddy currents, Néel relaxation or Brownian relaxation. It shows potential for replacing fossil fuels with renewable electricity in carbon-intensive industrial applications but requires advances in measurement techniques. Previously developed methods for measuring heating power, such as pick-up coils, are limited to applications involving magnetic materials. Results presented here show that reflected impedanceometry accurately measures heating power for both magnetic hysteresis and eddy currents, fulfilling the requirement for measuring induction heating power.
Embedding ℚ into a finitely presented group
Authors: Belk James , Hyde James , Matucci Francesco 
Published: August 2022

We observe that the group of all lifts of elements of Thompson’s group

T
T

to the real line is finitely presented and contains the additive group

Q

\mathbb {Q}

of the rational numbers. This gives an explicit realization of the Higman embedding theorem for

Q

\mathbb {Q}

, answering a Kourovka notebook question of Martin Bridson and Pierre de la Harpe.
Evolution of resource generalism via generalized stress response confers increased reproductive thermal tolerance in a pest beetle
Authors: Leonard Aoife M , Lancaster Lesley T 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGeneralism should be favoured evolutionarily when there is no genetic constraint or loss of fitness across alternative environments. However, evolution of generalism can require substantial evolutionary change, which can confer a general stress response to other aspects of the environment. We created generalist lineages from an ancestral, resource-specialized laboratory population of seed beetles (Callosobruchus maculatus) by rearing lines over 60 generations on a mixture of both ancestral and novel host species to test for costs associated with the evolution of generalism involving evolutionary changes in gene expression and correlated phenotypic responses during a shift to generalism. Evolved lines had higher fitness on the novel resource, with no loss of fitness on the ancestral resource, indicating that they overcame initial fitness trade-offs. This involved upregulation of major stress response (heat shock protein) genes and genes coding for metabolic enzymes, suggesting an underpinning metabolic and physiological cost. Resource generalist populations also evolved greater thermal tolerance breadth, highlighting that the evolution of resource generalism might pre-adapt species to respond favourably to other environmental stressors, following selection for generalized stress response gene upregulation. The rapid gain of novel hosts during a pest invasion might also confer greater thermal resilience to ongoing climate change.
Efficacy of PET/CT in diagnosis of regional lymph node metastases in patients with colorectal cancer: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yukimoto Ryohei , Uemura Mamoru , Tsuboyama Takahiro , Sekido Yuki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Ogino Takayuki , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Takahashi Hidekazu , Kida Akira , Furuyashiki Mamoru , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Endoscopic and transanal local resection without lymph node dissection are treatment options for patients with a low risk of lymph node metastasis; however, some patients might have undiagnosed lymph node metastases before surgery. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative PET/CT for diagnosing regional lymph node metastasis.

Methods
Patients who underwent curative resection with lymph node dissection for colorectal cancer at Osaka University between January 2012 and December 2015 were included. The cut-off values appropriate for diagnosing lymph node metastasis were calculated by way of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves from maximum standard unit value (SUVmax) of main tumour, and lymph node short axis, and SUVmax of lymph node. The cut-off values of primary tumour SUVmax: 7, short-axis diameter of the lymph node at 7 mm, and lymph node SUVmax at 1.5 were set.

Result
A total of 541 patients were included. Regional lymph node metastases were confirmed in resected specimens from 187 patients (35 per cent). With a primary tumour SUVmax of 7 used as a cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity of regional lymph node metastasis were 70.1 per cent and 45.5 per cent respectively. With a cut-off short-axis diameter of the regional lymph node of 7 mm, the sensitivity and specificity of regional lymph node metastasis were 75.2 per cent and 82.6 per cent respectively, and with a cut-off regional lymph node SUVmax of 1.5, the sensitivity and specificity of regional lymph node metastasis were 78.6 per cent and 96.8 per cent respectively. When the diagnostic criteria were defined by a lymph node short-axis diameter of 7 mm or SUVmax of 1.5, the sensitivity and specificity were 87.4 per cent and 81.8 per cent respectively.

Conclusion
Preoperative PET/CT is a useful modality for evaluating regional lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer.
Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor improves early risk stratification in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Hongisto Mari , Lassus Johan , Tarvasmäki Tuukka , Sans-Roselló Jordi , Tolppanen Heli , Kataja Anu , Jäntti Toni , Sabell Tuija , Banaszewski Marek , Silva-Cardoso Jose , Parissis John , Jurkko Raija , Spinar Jindrich , Castrén Maaret , Mebazaa Alexandre , Masip Josep , Harjola Veli Pekka ,   for the CardShock Study Investigators and the GREAT Network
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
Soluble urokinase–type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker reflecting the level of immune activation. It has been shown to have prognostic value in acute coronary syndrome and heart failure as well as in critical illness. Considering the complex pathophysiology of cardiogenic shock (CS), we hypothesized suPAR might have prognostic properties in CS as well. The aim of this study was to assess the kinetics and prognostic utility of suPAR in CS.

Methods and results
SuPAR levels were determined in serial plasma samples (0–96 h) from 161 CS patients in the prospective, observational, multicentre CardShock study. Kinetics of suPAR, its association with 90-day mortality, and additional value in risk-stratification were investigated. The median suPAR-level at baseline was 4.4 [interquartile range (IQR) 3.2–6.6)] ng/mL. SuPAR levels above median were associated with underlying comorbidities, biomarkers reflecting renal and cardiac dysfunction, and higher 90-day mortality (49% vs. 31%; P = 0.02). Serial measurements showed that survivors had significantly lower suPAR levels at all time points compared with nonsurvivors. For risk stratification, suPAR at 12 h (suPAR12h) with a cut-off of 4.4 ng/mL was strongly associated with mortality independently of established risk factors in CS: OR 5.6 (95% CI 2.0–15.5); P = 0.001) for death by 90 days. Adding suPAR12h &gt; 4.4 ng/mL to the CardShock risk score improved discrimination identifying high-risk patients originally categorized in the intermediate-risk category.

Conclusion
SuPAR associates with mortality and improves risk stratification independently of other previously known risk factors in CS patients.
Uptake of prescription smoking cessation pharmacotherapies after hospitalization for major cardiovascular disease
Authors: Robijn Annelies L , Woodward Mark , Pearson Sallie-Anne , Hsu Benjumin , Chow Clara K , Filion Kristian B , Jorm Louisa , Havard Alys 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
We determined the prevalence of prescription smoking cessation pharmacotherapy (SCP) use after hospitalization for major cardiovascular disease (MCD) among people who smoke and whether this varies by sex.

Methods and results
We conducted a population-based cohort study including all people hospitalized in New South Wales, Australia, between July 2013 and December 2018 (2017 for private hospitals) with an MCD diagnosis. For patients who also had a diagnosis of current tobacco use, we used linked pharmaceutical dispensing records to identify prescription SCP dispensings within 90 days post-discharge. We determined the proportion who were dispensed an SCP within 90 days, overall and by type of SCP. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds of females being dispensed an SCP relative to males. Of the 150 758 patients hospitalized for an MCD, 20 162 (13.4%) had a current tobacco use diagnosis, 31% of whom were female. Of these, 11.3% (12.4% of females, 10.9% of males) received prescription SCP within 90 days post-discharge; 3.0% were dispensed varenicline, and 8.3% were dispensed nicotine replacement therapy patches. Females were more likely than males to be dispensed a prescription SCP [odds ratio (OR) 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.27)]; however, this was not maintained after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.94–1.15).

Conclusion
Very few females and males who smoke use prescription SCPs after hospitalization for an MCD. The use of varenicline, the SCP with the highest efficacy, was particularly low. This represents a missed opportunity to increase smoking cessation in this high-risk population, thereby reducing their risk of recurrent cardiovascular events.
The complexity landscape of viral genomes
Authors: Silva Jorge Miguel , Pratas Diogo , Caetano Tânia , Matos Sérgio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Viruses are among the shortest yet highly abundant species that harbor minimal instructions to infect cells, adapt, multiply, and exist. However, with the current substantial availability of viral genome sequences, the scientific repertory lacks a complexity landscape that automatically enlights viral genomes’ organization, relation, and fundamental characteristics.

Results
This work provides a comprehensive landscape of the viral genome’s complexity (or quantity of information), identifying the most redundant and complex groups regarding their genome sequence while providing their distribution and characteristics at a large and local scale. Moreover, we identify and quantify inverted repeats abundance in viral genomes. For this purpose, we measure the sequence complexity of each available viral genome using data compression, demonstrating that adequate data compressors can efficiently quantify the complexity of viral genome sequences, including subsequences better represented by algorithmic sources (e.g., inverted repeats). Using a state-of-the-art genomic compressor on an extensive viral genomes database, we show that double-stranded DNA viruses are, on average, the most redundant viruses while single-stranded DNA viruses are the least. Contrarily, double-stranded RNA viruses show a lower redundancy relative to single-stranded RNA. Furthermore, we extend the ability of data compressors to quantify local complexity (or information content) in viral genomes using complexity profiles, unprecedently providing a direct complexity analysis of human herpesviruses. We also conceive a features-based classification methodology that can accurately distinguish viral genomes at different taxonomic levels without direct comparisons between sequences. This methodology combines data compression with simple measures such as GC-content percentage and sequence length, followed by machine learning classifiers.

Conclusions
This article presents methodologies and findings that are highly relevant for understanding the patterns of similarity and singularity between viral groups, opening new frontiers for studying viral genomes’ organization while depicting the complexity trends and classification components of these genomes at different taxonomic levels. The whole study is supported by an extensive website (https://asilab.github.io/canvas/) for comprehending the viral genome characterization using dynamic and interactive approaches.