bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lost sales obsolescence inventory systems with positive lead time: a system-point level-crossing approach
Authors: Preethi K. , Shophia Lawrence A. , Sivakumar B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, we provide a comprehensive analyses of two continuous review lost sales inventory system based on different replenishment policies, namely $(s,S)$ and $(s,Q)$. We assume that the arrival times of demands form a Poisson process and that the demand sizes have i.i.d. exponential distribution. We assume that the items in stock may obsolete after an exponential time. The lead time for replenishment is exponential. We also assume that the excess demands and the demands that occurred during stock out periods are lost. Using the system point method of level crossing and integral equation method, we derive the steady-state probability distribution of inventory level explicitly. After deriving some system performance measures, we computed the total expected cost rate. We also provide numerical examples of sensitivity analyses involving different parameters and costs. As a result of our numerical analysis, we provide several insights on the optimal $(s,S)$ and $(s,Q)$ policies for inventory systems of obsolescence items with positive lead times. The better policy for maintaining inventory can be quantified numerically.
Hardly predictable and yet an equitable solution: Delimitation by judicial process as an option for Greece and Turkey in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Schaller Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the dispute between Greece and Turkey concerning the reach of their sovereign rights and jurisdiction in the Eastern Mediterranean, which is essentially about delimitation of the continental shelf and exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Turkey has delineated its continental shelf in the region to extend directly to the outer limits of the territorial waters of the Greek islands, specifically Crete, Rhodes, and Kastellorizo. Greece sees this as an attempt to deprive the islands of their maritime zones. The present article discusses what the two states might expect if they would request the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to determine the course of their maritime boundaries. The outcome of such a process would be difficult to foresee because international case law regarding the effect of islands on the delimitation of the continental shelf and EEZ is rather diffuse. Nevertheless, this article will explore what an equitable solution could look like. In particular, the small island of Kastellorizo, Greece’s most remote outpost in the Eastern Mediterranean, which lies just off the Turkish coast, requires special consideration. The present article discusses different options for dealing with this island in a future delimitation.
Remittances and food security in Bangladesh: an empirical country-level analysis
Authors: Szabo Sylvia , Ahmed Sayem , Wiśniowski Arkadiusz , Pramanik Malay , Islam Rashadul , Zaman Ferdousi , Kuwornu John KM 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:To examine the association between remittances and food security in Bangladesh, controlling for other key factors.Design:The secondary data analysis was performed on the most recent (2016) nationally representative Household Income and Expenditure Survey. We used logistic regression models to measure the association between food security of the household and remittances received. The household food security was measured based on expenditure on food items and the energy intake of the household members. The key explanatory variables included the receipt of remittances by the household and household-level socio-economic characteristics.Setting:Bangladesh.Participants:Totally, 45 977 households across seven divisions of Bangladesh.Results:Findings suggested that remittances have a significant positive effect on food security. Further, the households with female heads were significantly more likely to be food insecure. The wealth status and geographical locations were significantly associated with food security status in Bangladesh.Conclusions:The findings highlight the importance of considering remittance as one of the key factors, while stakeholders implement nutritional interventions in Bangladesh and other low-income settings. Future research should consider this as an important determinant while further examining food security in such settings.
Feasibility of the automatic ingestion monitor (AIM-2) for infant feeding assessment: a pilot study among breast-feeding mothers from Ghana
Authors: Cerminaro Caroline , Sazonov Edward , McCrory Megan A , Steiner-Asiedu Matilda , Bhaskar Viprav , Gallo Sina , Laing Emma , Jia Wenyan , Sun Mingui , Baranowski Tom , Frost Gary , Lo Benny , Anderson Alex Kojo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:Passive, wearable sensors can be used to obtain objective information in infant feeding, but their use has not been tested. Our objective was to compare assessment of infant feeding (frequency, duration and cues) by self-report and that of the Automatic Ingestion Monitor-2 (AIM-2).Design:A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in Ghana. Mothers wore the AIM-2 on eyeglasses for 1 d during waking hours to assess infant feeding using images automatically captured by the device every 15 s. Feasibility was assessed using compliance with wearing the device. Infant feeding practices collected by the AIM-2 images were annotated by a trained evaluator and compared with maternal self-report via interviewer-administered questionnaire.Setting:Rural and urban communities in Ghana.Participants:Participants were thirty eight (eighteen rural and twenty urban) breast-feeding mothers of infants (child age ≤7 months).Results:Twenty-five mothers reported exclusive breast-feeding, which was common among those < 30 years of age (n 15, 60 %) and those residing in urban communities (n 14, 70 %). Compliance with wearing the AIM-2 was high (83 % of wake-time), suggesting low user burden. Maternal report differed from the AIM-2 data, such that mothers reported higher mean breast-feeding frequency (eleven v. eight times, P = 0·041) and duration (18·5 v. 10 min, P = 0·007) during waking hours.Conclusion:The AIM-2 was a feasible tool for the assessment of infant feeding among mothers in Ghana as a passive, objective method and identified overestimation of self-reported breast-feeding frequency and duration. Future studies using the AIM-2 are warranted to determine validity on a larger scale.
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's Mars Color Imager (MARCI): A New Workflow for Processing Its Image Data
Authors: Robbins Stuart J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's (MRO's) Mars Color Imager (MARCI) has returned approximately daily, approximately global image data of Mars since late 2006, in up to seven different colors, from ultraviolet through near‐infrared. To‐date, that is over 5,300 Mars days of data, nearly eight full Mars Years, or more than 15 Earth years. The data are taken at up to nearly 500 m per pixel, and the nearly circular orbit of MRO and its consistent early afternoon imaging provide an unprecedented baseline of data with which to study Mars' atmosphere and surface processes. Unfortunately, processing MARCI data is difficult, fraught with exploding file sizes, issues that require work‐arounds in free software, and other problems that make this a severely under‐utilized data set. This article discusses a workflow to process MARCI data to their fullest, including suggestions on how to work around issues unique to MARCI and how the data work with the current version of the free software ISIS (Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers). Discussion of some trades that can be made to dramatically speed data processing are also described. Examples of processed MARCI images, mosaics, and color composites are shown, demonstrating the abilities of this workflow on global, regional, and local areas at the full, 96 pixels per degree scale afforded by MARCI.
Fractional crystallisation of eclogite during the birth of a Hawaiian Volcano
Authors: Miller Laura A. , O’Neill Hugh St. C. , Berry Andrew J. , Le Losq Charles 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe initial melts erupted by a Hawaiian volcano have a range of alkalic compositions but are rarely observed as they are covered by enormous volumes of shield stage tholeiites. A remarkable record of the early evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes, however, is preserved by a volcanic sandstone dredged from the submarine flank of Kilauea, which contains a suite of petrogenetically related pre-shield basanite to nephelinite glasses. Here we show that the systematic variation in the rare earth element (REE) patterns of these samples requires the fractional crystallisation of garnet. A fractionating assemblage of Ca-rich garnet (32%), omphacitic clinopyroxene (63%), and minor phlogopite can explain the variation in the major and trace element contents of the suite. The results suggest fractional crystallisation of eclogite from a primitive Hawaiian melt near the base of the lithosphere (>90 km) and that a deep magma chamber is the first stage in the development of a Hawaiian volcano.
An integral genomic signature approach for tailored cancer therapy using genome-wide sequencing data
Authors: Wang Xiao-Song , Lee Sanghoon , Zhang Han , Tang Gong , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLow-cost multi-omics sequencing is expected to become clinical routine and transform precision oncology. Viable computational methods that can facilitate tailored intervention while tolerating sequencing biases are in high demand. Here we propose a class of transparent and interpretable computational methods called integral genomic signature (iGenSig) analyses, that address the challenges of cross-dataset modeling through leveraging information redundancies within high-dimensional genomic features, averaging feature weights to prevent overweighing, and extracting unbiased genomic information from large tumor cohorts. Using genomic dataset of chemical perturbations, we develop a battery of iGenSig models for predicting cancer drug responses, and validate the models using independent cell-line and clinical datasets. The iGenSig models for five drugs demonstrate predictive values in six clinical studies, among which the Erlotinib and 5-FU models significantly predict therapeutic responses in three studies, offering clinically relevant insights into their inverse predictive signature pathways. Together, iGenSig provides a computational framework to facilitate tailored cancer therapy based on multi-omics data.
Genomic analyses of 10,376 individuals in the Westlake BioBank for Chinese (WBBC) pilot project
Authors: Cong Pei-Kuan , Bai Wei-Yang , Li Jin-Chen , Yang Meng-Yuan , Khederzadeh Saber , Gai Si-Rui , Li Nan , Liu Yu-Heng , Yu Shi-Hui , Zhao Wei-Wei , Liu Jun-Quan , Sun Yi , Zhu Xiao-Wei , Zhao Pian-Pian , Xia Jiang-Wei , Guan Peng-Lin , Qian Yu , Tao Jian-Guo , Xu Lin , Tian Geng , Wang Ping-Yu , Xie Shu-Yang , Qiu Mo-Chang , Liu Ke-Qi , Tang Bei-Sha , Zheng Hou-Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe initiate the Westlake BioBank for Chinese (WBBC) pilot project with 4,535 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) individuals and 5,841 high-density genotyping individuals, and identify 81.5 million SNPs and INDELs, of which 38.5% are absent in dbSNP Build 151. We provide a population-specific reference panel and an online imputation server (https://wbbc.westlake.edu.cn/) which could yield substantial improvement of imputation performance in Chinese population, especially for low-frequency and rare variants. By analyzing the singleton density of the WGS data, we find selection signatures in SNX29, DNAH1 and WDR1 genes, and the derived alleles of the alcohol metabolism genes (ADH1A and ADH1B) emerge around 7,000 years ago and tend to be more common from 4,000 years ago in East Asia. Genetic evidence supports the corresponding geographical boundaries of the Qinling-Huaihe Line and Nanling Mountains, which separate the Han Chinese into subgroups, and we reveal that North Han was more homogeneous than South Han.
The long noncoding RNA ADIPINT regulates human adipocyte metabolism via pyruvate carboxylase
Authors: Kerr Alastair G. , Wang Zuoneng , Wang Na , Kwok Kelvin H. M. , Jalkanen Jutta , Ludzki Alison , Lecoutre Simon , Langin Dominique , Bergo Martin O. , Dahlman Ingrid , Mim Carsten , Arner Peter , Gao Hui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe pleiotropic function of long noncoding RNAs is well recognized, but their direct role in governing metabolic homeostasis is less understood. Here, we describe a human adipocyte-specific lncRNA, ADIPINT, that regulates pyruvate carboxylase, a pivotal enzyme in energy metabolism. We developed an approach, Targeted RNA-protein identification using Orthogonal Organic Phase Separation, which identifies that ADIPINT binds to pyruvate carboxylase and validated the interaction with electron microscopy. ADIPINT knockdown alters the interactome and decreases the abundance and enzymatic activity of pyruvate carboxylase in the mitochondria. Reduced ADIPINT or pyruvate carboxylase expression lowers adipocyte lipid synthesis, breakdown, and lipid content. In human white adipose tissue, ADIPINT expression is increased in obesity and linked to fat cell size, adipose insulin resistance, and pyruvate carboxylase activity. Thus, we identify ADIPINT as a regulator of lipid metabolism in human white adipocytes, which at least in part is mediated through its interaction with pyruvate carboxylase.
Multiomics reveals persistence of obesity-associated immune cell phenotypes in adipose tissue during weight loss and weight regain in mice
Authors: Cottam Matthew A. , Caslin Heather L. , Winn Nathan C. , Hasty Alyssa H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWithin adipose tissue (AT), immune cells and parenchymal cells closely interact creating a complex microenvironment. In obesity, immune cell derived inflammation contributes to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Diet-induced weight loss improves glucose tolerance; however, weight regain further exacerbates the impairment in glucose homeostasis observed with obesity. To interrogate the immunometabolic adaptations that occur in AT during murine weight loss and weight regain, we utilized cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITEseq) in male mice. Obesity-induced imprinting of AT immune cells persisted through weight-loss and progressively worsened with weight regain, ultimately leading to impaired recovery of type 2 regulatory cells, activation of antigen presenting cells, T cell exhaustion, and enhanced lipid handling in macrophages in weight cycled mice. This work provides critical groundwork for understanding the immunological causes of weight cycling-accelerated metabolic disease. For further discovery, we provide an open-access web portal of diet-induced AT immune cell imprinting:https://hastylab.shinyapps.io/MAIseq.
Tandem utilization of CO2 photoreduction products for the carbonylation of aryl iodides
Authors: Xia Yuan-Sheng , Tang Meizhong , Zhang Lei , Liu Jiang , Jiang Cheng , Gao Guang-Kuo , Dong Long-Zhang , Xie Lan-Gui , Lan Ya-Qian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction has been developed as an effective strategy to convert CO2 into reusable chemicals. However, the reduction products of this reaction are often of low utilization value. Herein, we effectively connect photocatalytic CO2 reduction and amino carbonylation reactions in series to reconvert inexpensive photoreduction product CO into value-added and easily isolated fine chemicals. In this tandem transformation system, we synthesize an efficient photocatalyst, NNU-55-Ni, which is transformed into nanosheets (NNU-55-Ni-NS) in situ to improve the photocatalytic CO2-to-CO activity significantly. After that, CO serving as reactant is further reconverted into organic molecules through the coupled carbonylation reactions. Especially in the carbonylation reaction of diethyltoluamide synthesis, CO conversion reaches up to 85%. Meanwhile, this tandem transformation also provides a simple and low-cost method for the 13C isotopically labeled organic molecules. This work represents an important and feasible pathway for the subsequent separation and application of CO2 photoreduction product.
SARS-CoV-2 accessory proteins reveal distinct serological signatures in children
Authors: Hachim Asmaa , Gu Haogao , Kavian Otared , Mori Masashi , Kwan Mike Y. W. , Chan Wai Hung , Yau Yat Sun , Chiu Susan S. , Tsang Owen T. Y. , Hui David S. C. , Mok Chris K. P. , Ma Fionn N. L. , Lau Eric H. Y. , Amarasinghe Gaya K. , Qavi Abraham J. , Cheng Samuel M. S. , Poon Leo L. M. , Peiris J. S. Malik , Valkenburg Sophie A. , Kavian Niloufar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe antibody response magnitude and kinetics may impact clinical severity, serological diagnosis and long-term protection of COVID-19, which may play a role in why children experience lower morbidity. We therefore tested samples from 122 children in Hong Kong with symptomatic (n = 78) and asymptomatic (n = 44) SARS-CoV-2 infections up to 200 days post infection, relative to 71 infected adults (symptomatic n = 61, and asymptomatic n = 10), and negative controls (n = 48). We assessed serum IgG antibodies to a 14-wide antigen panel of structural and accessory proteins by Luciferase Immuno-Precipitation System (LIPS) assay and circulating cytokines. Infected children have lower levels of Spike, Membrane, ORF3a, ORF7a, ORF7b antibodies, comparable ORF8 and elevated E-specific antibodies than adults. Combination of two unique antibody targets, ORF3d and ORF8, can accurately discriminate SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. Principal component analysis reveals distinct pediatric serological signatures, and the highest contribution to variance from adults are antibody responses to non-structural proteins ORF3d, NSP1, ORF3a and ORF8. From a diverse panel of cytokines that can modulate immune priming and relative inflammation, IL-8, MCP-1 and IL-6 correlate with the magnitude of pediatric antibody specificity and severity. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 internal proteins may become an important sero surveillance tool of infection with the roll-out of vaccines in the pediatric population.
The effect of low-intensity exercise on emotional and cognitive engagement in the classroom
Authors: Tamura Ayame , Murayama Kou , Ishii Ryo , Sakaki Michiko , Tanaka Ayumi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study examined whether engaging in physical exercise during a university class would have beneficial effect on students’ learning motivation. One hundred and forty-nine participants took part in a psychology class over nine weeks (one lesson per week); for each lesson, participants engaged in a three-minute physical activity (low-intensity aerobic exercise) or control activity (watching a video), about 20 min after the lesson started. Participants reported higher vigour and lower fatigue during the class when they exercised than when they engaged in control activities. These findings suggest the utility of incorporating a short exercise activity in university settings to enhance students’ classroom motivation.
Phage-like particle vaccines are highly immunogenic and protect against pathogenic coronavirus infection and disease
Authors: Davenport Bennett J. , Catala Alexis , Weston Stuart M. , Johnson Robert M. , Ardanuy Jeremy , Hammond Holly L. , Dillen Carly , Frieman Matthew B. , Catalano Carlos E. , Morrison Thomas E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe response by vaccine developers to the COVID-19 pandemic has been extraordinary with effective vaccines authorized for emergency use in the United States within 1 year of the appearance of the first COVID-19 cases. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and obstacles with the global rollout of new vaccines highlight the need for platforms that are amenable to rapid tuning and stable formulation to facilitate the logistics of vaccine delivery worldwide. We developed a “designer nanoparticle” platform using phage-like particles (PLPs) derived from bacteriophage lambda for a multivalent display of antigens in rigorously defined ratios. Here, we engineered PLPs that display the receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein from SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV, alone (RBDSARS-PLPs and RBDMERS-PLPs) and in combination (hCoV-RBD PLPs). Functionalized particles possess physiochemical properties compatible with pharmaceutical standards and retain antigenicity. Following primary immunization, BALB/c mice immunized with RBDSARS- or RBDMERS-PLPs display serum RBD-specific IgG endpoint and live virus neutralization titers that, in the case of SARS-CoV-2, were comparable to those detected in convalescent plasma from infected patients. Further, these antibody levels remain elevated up to 6 months post-prime. In dose-response studies, immunization with as little as one microgram of RBDSARS-PLPs elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses. Finally, animals immunized with RBDSARS-PLPs, RBDMERS-PLPs, and hCoV-RBD PLPs were protected against SARS-CoV-2 and/or MERS-CoV lung infection and disease. Collectively, these data suggest that the designer PLP system provides a platform for facile and rapid generation of single and multi-target vaccines.
iTRAQ proteomics of sentinel lymph nodes for identification of extracellular matrix proteins to flag metastasis in early breast cancer
Authors: Pathania Sheetal , Khan Mohd Imran , Bandyopadhyay Sabyasachi , Singh Suneet Shekhar , Rani Komal , Parashar Tanvi Ramesh , Jayaram Jnaneshwari , Mishra Piyush Ranjan , Srivastava Anurag , Mathur Sandeep , Hari Smriti , Vanamail Perumal , Hariprasad Gururao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPatients with early breast cancer are affected by metastasis to axillary lymph nodes. Metastasis to these nodes is crucial for staging and quality of surgery. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy that is currently used to assess lymph node metastasis is not effective. This necessitates identification of biomarkers that can flag metastasis. Early stage breast cancer patients were recruited. Surgical resection of breast was followed by identification of sentinel lymph nodes. Fresh frozen section biopsy was used to assign metastatic and non-metastatic sentinel lymph nodes. Discovery phase included iTRAQ proteomics coupled with mass spectrometric analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins. Data is available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD027668. Validation was done by bioinformatic analysis and ELISA. There were 2398 unique protein groups and 109 differentially expressed proteins comparing metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes. Forty nine proteins were up-regulated, and sixty proteins that were down regulated in metastatic group. Bioinformatic analysis showed ECM-receptor interaction pathways to be implicated in lymph node metastasis. ELISA confirmed up-regulation of ECM proteins in metastatic lymph nodes. ECM proteins have requisite parameters to be developed as a diagnostic tool to assess status of sentinel lymph nodes to guide surgical intervention in early breast cancer.