bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The X-Ray and Radio Loud Fast Blue Optical Transient AT2020mrf: Implications for an Emerging Class of Engine-driven Massive Star Explosions
Authors: Yao Yuhan , Ho Anna Y. Q. , Medvedev Pavel , A. J. Nayana , Perley Daniel A. , Kulkarni S. R. , Chandra Poonam , Sazonov Sergey , Gilfanov Marat , Khorunzhev Georgii , Khatami David K. , Sunyaev Rashid 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present AT2020mrf (SRGe J154754.2+443907), an extra-galactic (z = 0.1353) fast blue optical transient (FBOT) with a rise time of t

g,rise = 3.7 days and a peak luminosity of M

g,peak = −20.0. Its optical spectrum around peak shows a broad (v ∼ 0.1c) emission feature on a blue continuum (T ∼ 2 × 104 K), which bears a striking resemblance to AT2018cow. Its bright radio emission (ν
L

ν
= 1.2 × 1039 erg s−1; ν
rest = 7.4 GHz; 261 days) is similar to four other AT2018cow-like events, and can be explained by synchrotron radiation from the interaction between a sub-relativistic (≳0.07–0.08c) forward shock and a dense environment (

M

̇

≲

10

−
3

M

⊙

yr

−
1

for v
w = 103 km s−1). AT2020mrf occurs in a galaxy with M
* ∼ 108
M
⊙ and specific star formation rate ∼10−10 yr−1, supporting the idea that AT2018cow-like events are preferentially hosted by dwarf galaxies. The X-ray luminosity of AT2020mrf is the highest among FBOTs. At 35–37 days, SRG/eROSITA detected luminous (L
X ∼ 2 × 1043 erg s−1; 0.3–10 keV) X-ray emission. The X-ray spectral shape (f

ν
∝ ν
−0.8) and erratic intraday variability are reminiscent of AT2018cow, but the luminosity is a factor of ∼20 greater than AT2018cow. At 328 days, Chandra detected it at L
X ∼ 1042 erg s−1, which is >200 times more luminous than AT2018cow and CSS161010. At the same time, the X-ray emission remains variable on the timescale of ∼1 day. We show that a central engine, probably a millisecond magnetar or an accreting black hole, is required to power the explosion. We predict the rates at which events like AT2018cow and AT2020mrf will be detected by SRG and Einstein Probe.
Slowly Cooling White Dwarfs in NGC 6752
Authors: Chen Jianxing , Ferraro Francesco R. , Cadelano Mario , Salaris Maurizio , Lanzoni Barbara , Pallanca Cristina , Althaus Leandro G. , Cassisi Santi , Dalessandro Emanuele 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Recently, a new class of white dwarfs (“slowly cooling WDs”) has been identified in the globular cluster M13. The cooling time of these stars is increased by stable thermonuclear hydrogen burning in their residual envelope. These WDs are thought to be originated by horizontal branch (HB) stars populating the HB blue tail that skipped the asymptotic giant branch phase. To further explore this phenomenon, we took advantage of deep photometric data acquired with the Hubble Space Telescope in the near-ultraviolet and investigate the bright portion of the WD cooling sequence in NGC 6752, another Galactic globular cluster with a metallicity, age, and HB morphology similar to M13. The normalized WD luminosity function derived in NGC 6752 turns out to be impressively similar to that observed in M13, in agreement with the fact that the stellar mass distribution along the HB of these two systems is almost identical. As in the case of M13, the comparison with theoretical predictions is consistent with ∼70% of the investigated WDs evolving at slower rates than standard, purely cooling WDs. Thanks to its relatively short distance from Earth, NGC 6752 photometry reaches a luminosity 1 order of a magnitude fainter than the case of M13, allowing us to sample a regime where the cooling time delay, with respect to standard WD models, reaches ∼300 Myr. The results presented in this paper provide new evidence for the existence of slowly cooling WDs and further support to the scenario proposing a direct causal connection between this phenomenon and the HB morphology of the host stellar cluster.
Improving the Low-energy Transient Sensitivity of AMEGO-X using Single-site Events
Authors: Martinez-Castellanos I. , Fleischhack Henrike , Karwin C. , Negro M. , Tak D. , Lien Amy , Kierans C. A. , Wadiasingh Zorawar , Fukazawa Yasushi , Ajello Marco , Baring Matthew G. , Burns E. , Caputo R. , Hartmann Dieter H. , Perkins Jeremy S. , Racusin Judith L. , Sheng Yong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
AMEGO-X, the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer, is a proposed instrument designed to bridge the so-called “MeV gap” by surveying the sky with unprecedented sensitivity from ∼100 keV to about 1 GeV. This energy band is of key importance for multimessenger and multiwavelength studies but it is nevertheless currently underexplored. AMEGO-X addresses this situation by proposing a design capable of detecting and imaging gamma rays via both Compton interactions and pair production processes. However, some of the objects that AMEGO-X will study, such as gamma-ray bursts and magnetars, extend to energies below ∼100 keV where the dominant interaction becomes photoelectric absorption. These events deposit their energy in a single pixel of the detector. In this work we show how the ∼3500 cm2 effective area of the AMEGO-X tracker to events between ∼25 and ∼100 keV will be utilized to significantly improve its sensitivity and expand the energy range for transient phenomena. Although imaging is not possible for single-site events, we show how we will localize a transient source in the sky using their aggregate signal to within a few degrees. This technique will more than double the number of cosmological gamma-ray bursts seen by AMEGO-X, allow us to detect and resolve the pulsating tails of extragalactic magnetar giant flares, and increase the number of detected less-energetic magnetar bursts—some possibly associated with fast radio bursts. Overall, single-site events will increase the sensitive energy range, expand the science program, and promptly alert the community of fainter transient events.
Spectral Analysis of GRB 220426A: Another Case of a Thermally Dominated Burst
Authors: Deng Li-Tao , Lin Da-Bin , Zhou Li , Wang Kai , Yang Xing , Hou Shu-Jin , Li Jing , Wang Xiang-Gao , Lu Rui-Jing , Liang En-Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report a very bright, long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB), GRB 220426A, observed by the Fermi satellite. GRB 220426A, with a total duration of T
90 = 6 s, is composed of two main pulses and some subpeaks. The spectral analysis of this burst with a Band function reveals that both the time-integrated and the time-resolved spectra are very narrow with a high α ≳ 0.2 and low β ≲ −3.1. It is highly reminiscent of GRB 090902B, a special GRB with a photospheric emission identification. Then, we perform the spectral analysis of this burst based on nondissipated photospheric emission, which can be well modeled by a multicolor blackbody with a cutoff power-law distribution of the thermal temperature. The spectral fittings reveal that the photospheric emission can well describe the radiation spectrum of this burst. We conclude that this burst would be a second burst in the class of GRB 090902B observed by the Fermi satellite. We also discuss the physics of the photosphere and the origin of the high-energy component in GRB 220426A.
Approximate Relation Between Integral Albedo and Single-scattering Albedo of the Particulate Media
Authors: Petrov Dmitry 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The radiative transfer model makes it possible to establish relationships between the single scattering albedo and the integral albedo of a medium consisting of particles. In this paper, an approximation is proposed for solving the inverse problem—calculating the albedo of a single scattering of a particle, based on the known value of the integral albedo. This approximation can be useful to all researchers involved in the photometry of solar system bodies with regolith-like surfaces.
Tuberculosis of the ribcage by dissemination of Koch bacilli
Authors: González Saldaña Napoleón , Galvis Trujillo Diego M , Solórzano Morales Sara A , Veloz Corona Quetzalli , Trujillo Jimenez Francisca , Juarez Olguin Hugo 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious, transmissible and immune disease caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-complex (MTBC). Although osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) has been widely described, the ribcage variety remains a rare form.
Case report: A thirteen-month-old male and a twenty-month-old female, both with pain and increased volume of anterolateral left rib cage were described. Physical examination revealed the presence of a soft consistent mass at the level of the 9th and 5th costal arches in the male and female patients respectively. Upon clinical evaluation, tuberculosis was suspected, which was confirmed by X-ray and histopathological studies. After confirmation, the management, based on anti-tuberculosis therapy was started as follows: nine months of anti-tuberculosis therapy for the male patient and fourteen months for the female. The outcomes were favorable for both patients. However, further interventions, consisting of abscess drainage in the male patient and excisional biopsy in the female patient were necessary. With these therapeutic interventions, to date, the patients are without any evidence of active TB.
Secondary bacterial infections of the respiratory tract in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Mumcuoğlu İpek , Çağlar Hatice , Erdem Deniz , Aypak Adalet , Gün Pınar , Kurşun Şenol , Çakır Esra Yakışık , Aydoğan Sibel , Kırca Fisun , Dinç Bedia 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Secondary Bacterial Infections (SBIs) of the respiratory system are one of the biggest medical concerns in patients undergoing hospitalization with a diagnosis of COVID-19. This study aims to provide relevant data for the initiation of appropriate empirical treatment after examining the etiology and antimicrobial resistance of SBIs in COVID-19 patients under care in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in the largest pandemic hospital of our country.
Methodology: Between March 16, 2020 and December 31, 2021, 56,993 COVID patients were hospitalized, of which 7684 were admitted to ICUs. A total of 1513 patients diagnosed with SBIs have been included in this study. During the course of the study, demographic data, clinical course, etiology and antimicrobial resistance data of all patients were collected.
Results: The most common causative agents of SBIs were inferred as Acinetobacter baumanii (35.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.3%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.4%). The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-resistant A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were 83.7%; 42.7%, 79.2%, and 5.6%, 42.7%, 1.7%, respectively. Acinetobacter pittii clustering was seen in one of the ICUs in the hospital. Multidrug resistant 92 (5.4%) Corynebacterium striatum isolates were also found as a causative agent with increasing frequency during the study period.
Conclusions: SBI of the respiratory system is one of the major complications in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The antimicrobial resistance rates of the isolated bacteria are generally high, which indicates that more accurate use of antibacterial agents is necessary for SBIs in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis.
Enquête sur le sentiment et l’engagement religieux de Montaigne
Authors: Legros Alain 
Published: July 2022

Montaigne était-il dénué de tout sentiment religieux, comme le pense une certaine doxa critique ? Tel n’est pas l’avis d’Alain Legros . Certes, les Essais , ce lieu délibérément profane où Montaigne teste son jugement, n’ont pas vocation à exposer sa piété, mais on trouve ici et là les indices d’une réelle ferveur, toute de reconnaissance à l’égard du don divin de la vie. Quant à son engagement dans la société de son siècle en proie aux guerres civiles, il est resté d’un bout à l’autre fidèle à l’Église catholique et au roi de France, donc opposé aux protestants, pour lui doctrinaires et séditieux (adversaires toutefois plus qu’ennemis), mais sans se référer à un principe de tolérance.
Que veut dire pour le sujet et pour ce qu’on appelle Dieu exister dans l’asymétrie ? Une lecture contrastive du christianisme à partir d’ Autrement qu’être d’Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Gisel Pierre 
Published: July 2022

Le texte qui suit est celui d’une intervention de Pierre Gisel , le 19 octobre 2021, dans le séminaire de Danielle Cohen-Levinas de la rue d’Ulm, « Lectures lévinassiennes. “Subjectivité” : phénoménologie, éthique et philosophie de la religion ». Le texte propose une lecture serrée de l’ouvrage Autrement qu’être d’Emmanuel Levinas. Outre la tentative d’en restituer l’axe en matières de Dieu et de subjectivité, il s’efforce de repenser certains mots lourds de la tradition chrétienne dont use Levinas, tels incarnation, passion, expiation, substitution. Il le fait ici à l’écart tant de certains lecteurs juifs qui soupçonnent Levinas de complaisance à l’endroit du christianisme, ou tout au moins de trop grande proximité, que de lecteurs chrétiens qui récupèrent trop vite, voire faussement, sa pensée, tout particulièrement en lien aux thématiques du visage, d’autrui et de l’altérité. À regarder de près, les mots du christianisme que reprend ici Levinas sont l’objet de subtils décalages, de fait selon une perspective juive, à quoi s’ajoute que, certes surchargés de résonances chrétiennes, ce sont des mots de la langue commune.
Une lecture culturelle de la gestion publique de la crise Covid-19 au Vietnam
Authors: Do Benoit Hien , Benoit Benjamin 
Published: July 2022

La crise sanitaire de la Covid-19 fait entendre de nouveau le nom du « Vietnam ». Pays cité par les institutions mondiales comme un exemple de gestion publique de la pandémie, le Vietnam est pourtant situé aux portes de la Chine, « l’œil du cyclone », et ne dispose que de ressources limitées. Cette contribution propose une analyse de la maîtrise de la crise Covid-19 par l’État vietnamien en privilégiant une approche culturelle. Il s’agit de comprendre dans quelle mesure des éléments socio-historico-culturels sont perçus au Vietnam comme des facteurs explicatifs de la mise en œuvre réussie des actions publiques.
Covid-19 et budgets régionaux : austérité ou « quoi qu’il en coûte » ?
Authors: Michel-Clupot Muriel , Rouot Serge 
Published: July 2022

La pandémie de la Covid-19 vient percuter des budgets régionaux, gérés avec rigueur. Une analyse textuelle comparée des contenus des DOB 2020 et 2021 montre de nettes évolutions : des politiques de relance coexistant avec certaines mesures d’austérité. La crise aura révélé la capacité des régions françaises à réagir.
La crise sanitaire : un contexte capacitant ?
Authors: Beaucourt Christel , Roux Laëtitia 
Published: July 2022

Comme dans toute crise sanitaire, les professionnels et organisations ont dû faire face à l’urgence et la déstabilisation. Certains ont été débordés voire submergés. Toutefois, notre analyse de 11 entretiens avec des dirigeants ou cadres dirigeants de structures situées dans le champ du handicap ou des personnes âgées, montrent que la crise sanitaire a également pu être un contexte capacitant, propice au développement des « capabilités » (Sen, 1990) des individus et des organisations. Face à une situation inédite, les protocoles, scripts, référentiels qui organisent habituellement l’action ont été secondarisés pour laisser place, ici ou là, à l’intuition, l’agilité, l’ingéniosité ou la débrouillardise des professionnels. En cela, la crise sanitaire a bel et bien révélé l’adaptabilité des acteurs, leur désir d’autonomie en venant par ailleurs interroger les pratiques organisationnelles et managériales.
Les enseignements de la crise Covid pour la gestion de la complexité : la perspective One Health
Authors: Chamoin Ariane , Maclouf Étienne 
Published: July 2022

À partir d’entretiens auprès de 25 experts et décideurs publics européens, spécialistes de santé engagés dans la mise en place de l’approche « One Health », notre article présente des perspectives pour développer le management de la complexité dans les organisations publiques. La crise Covid a révélé des limites structurelles du système de santé face à l’incertitude et la complexité des enjeux. En réponse, le mouvement One Health défend une approche plus holistique, interdisciplinaire, des politiques de santé publique. Cela implique de reconsidérer les architectures administratives et les modes d’évaluation publique, notamment la valorisation de la prévention par opposition à la rationalisation.
Fractures of the Mandible
Authors: Agbara Rowland , Fomete Benjamin , Omeje Kelvin Uchenna 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Epidemiological studies despite their limitations provide information that is useful for the formulation of effective and efficient injury prevention strategies.

Aim:
The aim is to carry out epidemiology study of mandibular fracture in a Nigerian population.

Setting:
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective observational study was carried out at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika-Zaria. Data retrieved from patients’ case notes and operating records were subjected to statistical analysis involving frequencies (count, percent), measures of central tendency (mean), and measures of dispersion (standard deviation) using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Mandibular fracture was classified based on sites, and patients’ socioeconomic status was classified based on United Kingdom National Statistics Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC, 2010).

Results:
There were 466 (89.9%) males and 53 (10.1%) females. Based on Socio-economic Classification (NS-SEC, 2010), there was a preponderance of analytical class 6 (n = 217; 54.9%) and 8 (n = 127; 32.2%). Road traffic–related accident (n = 385; 74.2%) was the most common aetiological factor, and a total of 215 (41.4%) patients had a record of loss of consciousness. The mandibular body (n = 225; 32.0%) followed by the parasymphyseal (n = 187; 26.6%) regions were the most fractured sites. Closed-reduction technique was the predominant treatment modality.

Conclusions:
A road traffic accident was the most common aetiological factor for mandibular fracture, and the mandibular body had the highest frequency of fractures. Measures aimed at injury prevention should be continually reviewed and updated to limit the morbidity and economic burden on individuals.
Burdens and predictors of the Burden experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients with Oral and Maxillofacial Tumours
Authors: Gbolahan Olalere O. , Olowookere Samuel A. , Aladelusi Timothy O. , Olusanya Adeola A. , Fasola Abiodun O. , Akinmoladun Victor I. , Okoje Victoria N. , Arotiba Juwon T. 
Published: July 2022

Aim:
There is a dearth of knowledge on the burden of family caregivers of patients with maxillofacial tumours in Nigeria. This burden may be influenced by racial peculiarities and the disease entity of the patient. The aim of this study is to assess and document the burdens and predictors of burdens experienced by family caregivers of patients with oral maxillofacial tumours presenting at a tertiary health facility in South Western Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study that included 110 consenting family caregivers of patients diagnosed with oral and maxillofacial tumours. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information on their sociodemographic characteristics and caregiving burden using the Zarit burden interview tool. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0.

Result:
The most frequent group of caregivers was patients’ children (32.0%), aged 30–39 years (28.2%), females (54.5%), with secondary education (41.8%), and traders (38.2%), who earned less than national minimum wage (55.5%). Majority (42.7%) experienced mild-to-moderate burden; coping strategy was mainly prayers (76.4%), while the greatest need expressed was financial assistance (93.6%). The significant predictors of caregiver burden were the presence of pain (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.961; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.165–7.526; P = 0.023) and severe clinical condition (AOR = 3.342; 95% CI = 1.133–9.853; P = 0.029).

Conclusion:
The most common category of the burden of family caregivers of patients with maxillofacial tumours was the mild-to-moderate category, and the most significant predictors were the presence of pain and severity of clinical condition. The greatest need expressed was financial assistance. Therefore, an emphasis on adequate pain control and alternate sources of funding may appreciably relieve the burden of family caregivers of patients with maxillofacial tumours.
Anthropometric Breast Measurements of Nulliparous Women in Lagos Nigeria
Authors: Archibong Omamuyovwi Rosetta , Abikoye Folake Olusola , Osisanya Taiwo Olusola 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The breast is an important aesthetic feature in a woman. It defines her body shape and is a measure of beauty and attraction. Anthropometric breast measurements done in different countries have shown anatomic variations, but there have been very few studies in the Nigerian females to aid the planning of aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgeries and serves as a guide in designing breast accessories and clothing.

Objectives:
The study measured anthropometric breast parameters in Nigerian females, assessed the degree of symmetry in volume of the right and left breasts and compared the measurements in females from the six geo-political zones in Nigeria and with values from women from other countries.

Materials and Methods:
This was a prospective descriptive analytical study of three hundred and seventy (370) female students chosen randomly from three higher institutions of learning in Yaba Local Council Development Area (LCDA) Lagos State Nigeria between ages 18 and 32 years. Fourteen parameters were measured using a measuring tape and long ruler.

Results:
The right sternal notch nipple length (RSNL), left sternal notch nipple length (LSNL), and the nipple nipple length (NNL) was found to be 21.88 cm, 22.31 cm and 21.70 cm, respectively. The mean mammary volume for the right and left breast were 395.78 mL and 437.65 mL, respectively. There was no significant difference in the parameters across the six geopolitical zones.

Conclusions:
There was no statistically significant difference in the anthropometric parameters measured across the six geopolitical zones. The anthropometric values of the left breast were significantly larger.