bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital wastewater treatment and the role of membrane filtration – removal of micropollutants and pathogens: A review
Authors: Klatt Marten , Beyer Falk , Einfeldt Jörn 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dissemination of multiresistant bacteria and high concentrations of micropollutants by hospitals and other medical facilities can be significantly reduced by a wide variety of on-site treatment approaches. Membrane filtration technologies, ranging from microfiltration to reverse osmosis, have been adapted in many studies and offer multiple purposes in advanced wastewater treatment configurations. While the direct rejection of pharmaceutical compounds and pathogens can only be achieved with nanofiltration and reverse osmosis processes, porous membranes are known for their pathogen removal capabilities and can be used in combination with other advanced treatment approaches, such as oxidation and adsorption processes. This review was conducted to systematically assess studies with membrane filtration technologies that are used as either stand-alone or hybrid systems for the treatment of hospital wastewater. In this review, four different databases were screened with a pre-set of search strings to thoroughly investigate the application of membrane filtration technology in hospital wastewater treatment. Hybrid systems that combine multiple treatment technologies seem to be the most promising way of consistently removing micropollutants and pathogens from hospital wastewater, but additional economic assessments are needed for an extensive evaluation.
Contemporary application of microbubble technology in water treatment
Authors: Nair Sarita S. , Pinedo-Cuenca Ruben , Stubbs Tony , Davis Seth J. , Ganesan Poo Balan , Hamad Faik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microbubble (MB) technology constitutes a suite of promising low-cost technologies with potential applications in various sectors. Microbubbles (MBs) are tiny gas bubbles with diameters in the micrometre range of 10–100 μm. Along with their small size, they share special characteristics like slow buoyancy, large gas–liquid interfacial area and high mass-transfer efficiency. Initially, the review examines the key dissimilarities among the different types of microbubble generators (MBG) towards economic large-scale production of MBs. The applications of MBs to explore their effectiveness at different stages of wastewater treatment extending from aeration, separation/ flotation, ozonation, disinfection and other processes are investigated. A summary of the recent advances of MBs in real and synthetic wastewater treatment, existing research gaps, and limitations in upscaling of the technology, conclusion and future recommendations is detailed. A critical analysis of the energetics and treatment cost of combined approaches of MB technology with other advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is carried out highlighting the potential applicability of hybrid technology in large-scale wastewater treatment.
Investigation of Bioactivity Degradation During Storage of Sour Cherry
(Prunus cerasus L.) Peel Extract
Authors: Kurtulbaş Ebru , Sevgen Selcuk , Samli Ruya , Şahin Selin 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Limited number of researches in the literature have been reported to examine
degradation stability by regression methods. Monitoring storage stability of plant extracts containing
phytochemicals has become a special field.

Objective:
This study aims to develop model equations to examine the stability of total phenolic
material (TPM) and total anthocyanin (TA) in the sour cherry peel extract under several conditions,
such as keeping the samples in a freezer (-20°C), refrigerator (4°C) and room temperature (25°C)
conditions. In addition, two types of ambient conditions (under dark and light, respectively) were
applied to observe the effect of sunlight on oxidation.

Methods:
The storage stability was monitored in terms of TPM and TA. 8 different polynomial regression
equations were produced for the data obtained under each condition in order to define the
deterioration of the TPM and TA during 60 days of the storage.

Results:
Keeping the samples in the light at ambient conditions was the least efficient for stability
(~10 days), while the shelf life of the product could have been quite long with the storage in the
freezer after opening the package of the product.

Conclusions:
The most suitable condition for both TPM and TA has been determined as -20 °C
with the calculation of degradation days as 157 and 115 (R^2 = 0.9874 / 0.9265, and average error
rates = 0.207097 % / 0.119541 %).
Superior Anticancer Potential of Nano-Paclitaxel Combined Bevacizumab
Treatment in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Qu Na , Wang Chunyan , Meng Yiming , Gao Yuhua 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Ovarian cancer is the second most common cancer to cause large death
among gynecological tumors. Paclitaxel is important to the standard treatment for epithelial ovarian
cancer. Due to its low solubility and permeability, nano-paclitaxel came into public view.

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of nano-paclitaxel in ovarian cancer.

Methods:
Considering the importance of bevacizumab in clinical treatment, we set four groups for
research: control, paclitaxel, paclitaxel + bevacizumab, and nano-paclitaxel + bevacizumab. CCK-8,
apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were used to detect the cell survival condition. qRT-PCR and western
blot were used to detect the gene mRNA and protein expression level. Tumor xenograft in nude
mice was used to detect the effect in vivo.

Results:
The nano-paclitaxel combined with bevacizumab had the best curative effect. Moreover, the
downstream indicators, such as caspases, BAX, FAS, OGFr, PD-L1 and VEGF, changed in four
groups, which suggested that the therapy worked by affecting the cell apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis,
and immune reaction.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study helped us better commandof nano-paclitaxel for ovarian cancer
treatment and thus could play a role in OC therapy.
Hypertension Risk Prediction Based on SNPs by Machine Learning
Models
Authors: Kargari Mehrdad , Lajevardi S. Ali , Daneshpour Maryam S. , Akbarzadeh Mahdi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hypertension is one of the most significant underlying ailments of cardiovascular disease; hence, methods that can accurately reveal the risk of hypertension at an early age are essential. Also, one of the most critical personal health objectives is to improve disease prediction accuracy by examining genetic variants.

Objective:
Therefore, various clinical and genetically based methods are used to predict the disease; however, the critical issue with these methods is the high number of input variables as genetic markers with small samples. One approach that can be used to solve this problem is machine learning.

Methods:
This study was conducted on participants' genetic markers in 20-year research of cardiometabolic genetics in Tehran (TCGS). Various machine learning methods were used, including linear regression, neural network, random forest, decision tree, and support vector machine. The top ten genetic markers were identified using importance-based ranking methods, including information gain, gain ratio, Gini index, χ², relief, and FCBF.

Results:
A model based on a neural network with AUC 89% was presented. This model has an accuracy and an f-measure of 0.89, which shows the quality. The final results indicate the success of the machine learning approach.
Cinobufotalin Induces Ferroptosis to Suppress Lung Cancer Cell Growth by lncRNA
LINC00597/hsa-miR-367-3p/TFRC Pathway via Resibufogenin
Authors: Lu Meizhen , Huang Junming , Deng Caijiu , Guo Tianshen , Chen Xiaofeng , Chen Peixi , Du Shaoshan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated death and the first most diagnosed cancer in the world. More than 2 million new cases are diagnosed and 1.6 million people die due to lung cancer every year. It is urgent to explore novel drugs and approaches for lung cancer treatment. Cinobufotalin is a TCM isolated from dried toad venom, which has been used to treat lung cancer, However, the precise mechanism remains not clear.

Objective:
This study was to investigate the mechanism of cinobufotalin treated in lung cancer.

Methods:
Cell growth was identified by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Besides, ferroptosis of lung cancer cells was determining by intracellular iron content, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, RNA levels and proteins were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB), respectively. In addition, the regulatory effect of hsa-miR-367-3p on TFRC was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay.

Results:
This study indicated that cinobufotalin suppressed lung cancer cell growth through resibufogenin. Besides, cinobufotalin induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells through resibufogenin. Moreover, cinobufotalin increased lncRNA LINC00597 level whereas downregulated hsa-miR-367-3p expression in lung cancer cells via resibufogenin. In addition, ferroptosis inducer transferrin receptor (TFRC) was the target of hsa-miR-367-3p, and lncRNA LINC00597 upregulates TFRC expression through sponging hsa-miR-367-3p in lung cancer cells.

Conclusion:
In summary, this study indicated that cinobufotalin induced ferroptosis to suppress lung cancer cell growth by lncRNA LINC00597\hsa-miR-367-3p\TFRC pathway via resibufogenin, which might provide novel therapeutic targets for lung cancer therapy.
Relation between Soluble CD14 Levels, Inflammation, Subclinical Atherosclerosis
and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Abdallah Amany Mohamed , Elhakeem Heba , Yahia Mohamed Basiouny , Youssef Eman Mohy Ibrahim , El-Khouly Nashwa , Elmohaseb Ghada Fathy , Awad Eman Abu-Elnasr , Hassan Marwa Mohamed , Ghamry Esam Mohamed , Abdelhamed Mohamed Rashed , Kotb Essam , Mahmoud Tamer Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by persistent lowgrade
inflammation. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) is involved in many pathological conditions, including
inflammation and atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between
sCD14 levels, subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA), inflammation and mortality in Egyptian hemodialysis
(HD) patients.

Patients and Methods:
The present longitudinal study included 62 HD patients. All patients were
submitted to careful history taking, thorough clinical examination and laboratory assessment for
high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and sCD14. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT)
was also assessed. Patients were followed for a maximum of 18 months. The primary outcome is
patients’ mortality. Data were statistically analyzed using standard descriptive, comparative, correlative
and regression methods.

Results:
The present study was conducted on 62 HD patients. They comprised 34 males and 28
females with an age of 54.6 ± 9.0 years. At the end of follow-up, 12 patients (19.4 %) died. It was
shown that survivors had significantly lower hsCRP levels (104.2 ± 38.2 versus 134.1 ± 15.3 mg/dL,
p < 0.001), lower sCD14 levels (32.7 ± 10.3 versus 47.4 ± 18.4 μg/mL, p = 0.02) and lower CIMT
(1.32 ± 0.5 versus 1.5 ± 0.2 mm, p = 0.049). sCD14 levels were significantly correlated with hsCRP
(r = 0.4, p = 0.001) and CIMT (r = 0.31, p = 0.013). Multivariate analysis identified HD duration
[HR (95% CI): 1.02 (1.0-1.04), p = 0.021] and sCD14 levels [HR (95% CI): 1.06 (1.0-1.12), p =
0.026] as significant predictors of patients’ survival.

Conclusions:
sCD14 levels in this cohort of HD patients are well-correlated with hsCRP levels and
CIMT. In addition, they are significant predictors of patients’ mortality.
Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Men and the Contribution of
Androgen and its Receptor in Pathogenesis and Therapy
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Nabil Mohie , Al-Quzweny Rawaa Muayad 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a solid cancer with high predominance
in males. Liver tissue of both genders has saturable specific oestrogen receptors. Androgen and its
receptor (AR) have been suggested to contribute to the predominance in men. Anti-oestrogens, like
tamoxifen may reduce the expression of oestrogen receptors, sustaining cellular in HCC. In vitro
and human, studies confirmed that both testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) enhanced the
growth and proliferation of hepatic normal and tumour cells. Although the activity of AR is escalated
by the chemical induction of hepatocarcinogenesis; clinical trials with AR-targeted agents alone
failed to generate survival benefits.

Purpose:
This review will outline the possible pathophysiological mechanisms by which both androgen
and AR contribute to hepatocarcinogenesis and to which extent this pathway can be responsible
for the male prevalence and if they could be pharmacological targets in HCC management.

Conclusion:
Influencing factors that seem to be responsible for male prevalence include testosterone,
dihydrotestosterone and androgen receptors, as well as, proteomic deficiency of DNA packaging,
nuclear proteins and homeostasis-related functional proteins. Understanding the reasons for
males, rather than females the HCC prevalence may help in suggesting new approaches by improving
the anti-AR therapies through co-targeting of AR and protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target
of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway.
The Effects of Virtual Reality in Maternal Delivery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Nuo , Chen Sijing , Liu Yan , Jing Yuewen , Gu Ping 
Published: October 2022

Background
Extreme labor pain has negative effects; pharmacologic analgesic modalities are effective but are accompanied by adverse effects. Virtual reality (VR) works as a distracting nonpharmacologic intervention for pain and anxiety relief; however, the effects of VR use in laboring women is unknown.

Objective
Our study aimed to determine the safety and effectiveness of VR technology during labor and delivery and investigate whether it impacts labor and patient satisfaction.

Methods
In all, 7 databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan-Fang Database) were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials of VR use in pregnancy and childbirth from the time of database construction until November 24, 2021. Two researchers extracted data and evaluated study quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0. Outcome measures were labor pain, anxiety, duration, satisfaction, and adverse events. Meta-analyses were performed where possible.

Results
A total of 12 studies with 1095 participants were included, of which 1 and 11 studies were rated as “Low risk” and “Some concerns” for risk of bias, respectively. Of the 12 studies, 11 reported labor pain, 7 reported labor anxiety, and 4 reported labor duration. Meta-analysis revealed that VR use could relieve pain during labor (mean difference –1.81, 95% CI –2.04 to –1.57; P<.001) and the active period (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.41, 95% CI –0.68 to –0.14; P=.003); reduce anxiety (SMD –1.39, 95% CI –1.99 to –0.78; P<.001); and improve satisfaction with delivery (relative risk 1.32, 95% CI 1.10-1.59; P=.003). The effects of VR on the duration of the first (SMD –1.12, 95% CI –2.38 to 0.13; P=.08) and second (SMD –0.22, 95% CI –0.67 to 0.24; P=.35) stages of labor were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
VR is safe and effective in relieving maternal labor pain and anxiety; however, due to the heterogeneity among studies conducted to date, more rigorous, large-scale, and standardized randomized controlled trials are required to provide a higher-quality evidence base for the use of VR technology in maternal labor, with the aim of improving experience and outcomes.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021295410; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=295410
Underestimated Prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Triple Infection Globally: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Sisi , Ren Feng , Huang Xiaojie , Xu Ling , Gao Yao , Zhang Xiangying , Cao Yaling , Fan Zihao , Tian Yuan , Liu Mei 
Published: October 2022

Background
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a satellite RNA virus that relies on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for transmission. HIV/HBV/HDV coinfection or triple infection is common and has a worse prognosis than monoinfection.

Objective
We aimed to reveal the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection in the global population.

Methods
A systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed for studies of the prevalence of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection published from January 1, 1990, to May 31, 2021. The Der Simonian-Laird random effects model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence.

Results
We included 14 studies with 11,852 participants. The pooled triple infection rate in the global population was 7.4% (877/11,852; 95% CI 0.73%-29.59%). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of triple infection was significantly higher in the Asian population (214/986, 21.4%; 95% CI 7.1%-35.8%), in men (212/5579, 3.8%; 95% CI 2.5%-5.2%), and in men who have sex with men (216/2734, 7.9%; 95% CI 4.3%-11.4%). In addition, compared with people living with HIV, the HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection rate was higher in people with hepatitis B.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis suggests that the prevalence of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection in the global population is underestimated, and we should focus more effort on the prevention and control of HIV/HBV/HDV triple infection.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021273949; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=273949
How Face Masks Affect the Use of Echolocation by Individuals With Visual Impairments During COVID-19: International Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Kreidy Chantal , Martiniello Natalina , Nemargut Joseph Paul , Wittich Walter 
Published: October 2022

Background
Although a critical safety measure, preliminary studies have suggested that the use of a face mask may pose a problem for some users with disabilities. To date, little is known about how the wearing of a traditional face mask may pose a barrier to individuals with visual impairments who draw on auditory cues and echolocation techniques during independent travel.

Objective
The goal of this study was to document the difficulties, if any, encountered during orientation and mobility due to the use of a face mask during the COVID-19 pandemic and the strategies used to address these barriers.

Methods
In total, 135 individuals aged 18 years and older who self-identified as being blind, being deafblind, or having low vision and who could communicate in either English or French completed an anonymous cross-sectional online survey between March 29 and August 23, 2021.

Results
In total, 135 respondents (n=52, 38.5%, men; n=83, 61.5%, women) between the ages of 18 and 79 (mean 48.22, SD 14.48) years participated. Overall, 78 (57.7%) self-identified as blind and 57 (42.3%) as having low vision. In addition, 13 (9.6%) identified as having a combined vision and hearing loss and 3 (2.2%) as deafblind. The most common face coverings used were cloth (n=119, 88.1%) and surgical masks (n=74, 54.8%). Among the barriers raised, participants highlighted that face masks made it more difficult to locate people (n=86, 63.7%), communicate with others (n=101, 74.8%), and locate landmarks (n=82, 60.7%). Although the percentage of those who used a white cane before the pandemic did not substantially change, 6 (14.6%) of the 41 participants who were guide dog users prior to the pandemic reported no longer working with a guide dog at the time of the survey. Moreover, although guide dog users reported the highest level of confidence with independent travel before the pandemic, they indicated the lowest level of confidence a year after the pandemic began.

Conclusions
These results suggest that participants were less able to draw on nonvisual cues during independent travel and social interactions due to the use of a facemask, contributing to a reduction in perceived self-confidence and independence. Findings inform the development of evidence-based recommendations to address identified barriers.
A Telerehabilitation Program for Maintaining Functional Capacity in Patients With Chronic Lung Diseases During a Period of COVID-19 Social Isolation: Quasi-Experimental Retrospective Study
Authors: Miozzo Aline Paula , Camponogara Righi Natiele , Yumi Shizukuishi Maria Luiza , Marques Ferreira Aguilar Hérica , Florian Juliessa , da Costa Machado Scheila , Schardong Jociane , Della Méa Plentz Rodrigo 
Published: October 2022

Background
Pulmonary diseases represent a great cause of disability and mortality in the world, and given the progression of these pathologies, pulmonary rehabilitation programs have proven to be effective for people with chronic respiratory diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, telerehabilitation has become an alternative for patients with such diseases.

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes (ie, functional capacity and quality of life) of telerehabilitation to those of usual care among patients who previously participated in face-to-face pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Methods
We conducted a quasi-experimental retrospective study from April 2020 to August 2021. A total of 32 patients with chronic lung diseases were included and divided into the control and intervention groups. The intervention group performed telerehabilitation synchronously twice per week and was supervised by a physical therapist during breathing, strengthening, and aerobic exercises. Changes in the degree of dyspnea and leg discomfort were assessed based on changes in Borg scale scores. The control group did not perform any activities during the period of social isolation. Functional capacity was assessed with the 6-minute walk test, and quality of life was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form Health Survey.

Results
The telerehabilitation group’s mean 6-minute walk distance decreased by 39 m, while that of the control group decreased by 120 m. There was a difference of 81 m between the groups’ mean 6-minute walk distances (P=.02). In relation to the quality of life, telerehabilitation was shown to improve the following two domains: social functioning and mental health.

Conclusions
Telerehabilitation programs for patients with chronic lung diseases can ease the deleterious effects of disease progression, be used to maintain functional capacity, and improve aspects of quality of life.
The Influence of Professional Commitment and Rationalization-Discrediting Interventions on Unethical Audit Decisions
Authors: Lowe D. Jordan , Reckers Philip M. J. , Sauciuc Ashley K. 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARY
Individuals often engage in a rationalization process to self-justify questionable conduct. However, as “gatekeepers” to the market, it is vitally important for professional auditors to avoid such practices. Recognizing that some individuals may be more prone to rationalize than others, we first identify an important subset of professional auditors that we expect is more susceptible to rationalizing unethical behavior: those with low professional commitment. We then examine whether rationalization-discrediting interventions can mitigate such behavior among this auditor subset. Specifically, we developed interventions geared toward discrediting some of the most commonly-used rationalizations found in practice in order to promote a more ethical mindset and reduce unethical behavior. Using professional auditor participants, our results confirm that auditors with low (high) professional commitment are more (less) likely to accede to unethical requests from superiors. Further, among those with low professional commitment, our rationalization-discrediting interventions were effective in reducing unethical intentions.