bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic performance of the plasma‐triggered‐based protective gas switch used in the hybrid UHVDC system
Authors: Wang Wen , Gao Keli , Li Zhibing , Qu Xuebin , Zhang Ran , Wang Yongxing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFollowing the design demands of the protective switch used in ±800 kV hybrid UHVDC system, a plasma‐triggered‐based protective gas switch (PTGS) is developed by performing the comparative study of its dynamic performance by considering the arc dynamic behaviour induced by the transverse magnetic field (TMF)‐based electrode used in the PTGS. The PTGS‐based electrode, as the core component, is designed with a helical‐slotted structure, the TMF could drive the arc between moving from the electrode centre to the electrode edge and then rotate rapidly along the edge. A 3D magnetohydrodynamic model (MHD) was established to computationally evaluate the effects of electrode structure variation on arc rotation characteristics. The model was verified by comparing the calculation results with experiments performed on the designed PTGS prototype. A comprehensive evaluation approach was also proposed to support the comparative analysis of the arc dynamic behaviour and estimate the arc‐controlling capability of the designed electrode to further assess the dynamic performance of the designed PTGS. This approach could quantitatively estimate the arc behaviour from a spatial scale, the variation of characterised parameters such as temperature associated with arc behaviour is concerned as well, which reasonably supports the electrode optimum design and the PTGS.
SMARCB1(INI-1)-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma: An Evolving Entity
Authors: Chung Sei Y. , Kenee Parker , Mitton Tanner , Halderman Ashleigh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSMARCB1(INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma is a rare, poorly differentiated neoplasm with a poor prognosis. Though historically most were identified as sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, we now understand it to be a distinct entity. There is currently a general consensus supporting multimodal therapy, though the optimal sequence of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation has yet to be defined.
Degrees and grammar
Authors: Luo Qiongpeng , Xie Zhiguo , Li Xiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article, we discuss some fundamental issues as well as several unresolved questions of degree-based
theories in contemporary linguistics from the perspective of East Asian languages, with a view to pointing out some directions for
future research. We first focus on several controversies surrounding the studies of comparative constructions in the literature,
i.e., phrasal comparison vs. clausal comparison, individual comparison vs. degree comparison, big DegP vs. small DegP, the points
of cross-linguistic variation, etc. We then expand the discussion to comparative constructions and other degree-related
constructions in Mandarin Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, and demonstrate how an East Asian perspective offers a novel insight into
those controversies and uncovers considerable in-depth commonality underlying a variety of degree-related constructions
cross-linguistically. We conclude by suggesting some directions for future within- and cross-linguistic research.
Simulation and Optimization of Penalty Kicks and Shooting Probability Based on Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Jiao Tiankuo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Since there are few models that specialize Penalty kicks probability or shooting accuracy, this research innovatively uses the Monte Carlo method to simulate the situation of real football penalty kicks and shooting. Unifrom random generator and normal random generator are both used to better simulate the real situation, and finally the most suitable distribution model is chosen from these two distributions. Since the existence of goalkeepers is considered in a real football competition, this simulation experiment also divides the goalkeeper’s actions into 5 types, and the corresponding probability of each action is also considered. Finally, specific shooting probability is collected from the Premier League in 2021 to compare with our simulated situation to obtain the most accuracy model. By comparing with real probability, I finally confirm the appropriate model and the goalkeeper’s action probability. Similarly, the Monte Carlo method can also simulate some other real situations to determine the most suitable model.
Optimal Control of Microgrid Integrated with PV, WT and BESS
Authors: Sun Huaiyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Distributed renewable sources (DES) are widely deployed to satisfy the requirements of increasing energy demand, slowing down the consumption traditional energy and reducing the side effect on environment. However, with the increasing amount of DES connected into the microgrid, the stability, robustness and economy of grid will encounter with some challenges. So, this paper will discuss the energy management system (EMS) of microgrid integrated with wind turbine (WT) system, photovoltaics (PV) system and battery energy storage systems (BESS) to realize the stability, enhance the robustness and reduce the cost of microgrid. This paper first reviews the current relative works. Secondly, the mathematical model of microgrid is constructed which is followed by the different microgrid control strategies. Then, the simulation with results is provided.
The Overview of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)
Authors: Yan Yuhan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is one of the strongest and most efficient cryptographic techniques in modern cryptography. This paper gives the following introduction: The introduction of cryptography’s development; the introduction of the elliptic curve; the principle of ECC; the horizontal comparison between ECC and other types of cryptography; the modern breakthrough of ECC; the applications of ECC; by using a method of literature review. The study’s findings indicate that this factor is responsible for the rapid historical development of cryptography, from the classical password to the leap to modern cryptography. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), as one of the most important modern cryptographies, is stronger than most other cryptographies both in terms of security and strength, because it uses an elliptic curve to construct and, at the same time, uses mathematical operations to encrypt and generate keys. At the same time, elliptic curve cryptography can continue to improve the speed and intensity with the improvement of accelerators, scalar multiplication, and the speed of order operation. The applications of the elliptic curve in ECDSA and SM2 are very efficient, which further illustrates the importance of elliptic curve cryptography.
Mission Planning in Time-Invariant Domains with MDPs and Gaussian Distribution
Authors: Yuan Minsen , Shi Zhenshan , Shen Zhouyi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This thesis uses the Markov decision process (MDP) to investigate how the optimal path is decided by the underwater robot in the presence of different currents. The use of this MDP decision allows the machine to reduce the unwanted travel energy and travel time in different environments, enhancing the cost of using the machine. The scope of the study is a specific problem, and the paper describes how to use a python planning framework to solve path selection in the case where the direction and strength of the currents are determined, while incorporating a probability distribution of Gaussian functions in a finite space. The dynamical ocean current problem is used as a basis to use the MDP decision process. The final results show that the present study meets the hypotheses presented in the expectations. The results are able to simulate that the robot can find the optimal path and reach the target point when facing different currents underwater. By expanding the spatial extent of the observation and changing the parameter settings, it is possible to simulate the robot’s path in other situations. The research method can be extended from specificity to generality, and the same research method can be used to obtain optimal path decisions for other different situations.
Group Theory and Ring Theory
Authors: Xue Zeqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Group theory is an important theory in abstract algebra. A ring is a kind of algebraic system with two operations (addition and multiplication). It has a deep relationship with groups, especially with the Abelian group. In this essay, the ring and the residual class ring will be talked about. Firstly, this passage is aim to talk about some basic knowledge about the ring which will let readers have a basic understanding of a ring. Then this passage will discuss the residual class ring and subring of the residual class ring of modulo. Some concepts about the ring are also mentioned, such as the centre of the ring, the identity of the ring, the classification of a ring, the residual class ring, the field and the zero divisors. The definitions of mathematical terms mentioned before are stated, as well as some examples of the part of those terms are given. In this passage, there are also some lemmas which are the properties of ring and subring. Future studies of rings and subrings can focus on the application of physics.
Overview of Research Progress of Digital Image Processing Technology
Authors: Huang Yitao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Digital image processing technology has gone through rapid development and is extensively applied in daily life and production, with the rapid development of modern information technology. It plays an inestimable role in remote sensing, medicine, recognition and other fields. This paper briefly introduces the basic concept of digital image processing, summarizes and analyses the commonly used digital image processing technology and the latest scientific research achievements from four aspects, and puts forward the future development direction of digital image processing. In the future, it will pay more attention to artificial intelligence algorithms and achieve better processing results by optimizing the logical structure. By using the simplified image algorithm, the application scope of digital image processing will gradually expand, and will develop in the direction of miniaturization, intelligence, and convenience.
Literature Review on Image Restoration
Authors: Liu Zihan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Image restoration is an essential part in the field of computer vision, which aims at predicting and filling the pixels of the missing images to achieve satisfactory visual effects, it has extensive application value in the fields of film and television special effects production, image editing, digital cultural heritage protection and virtual reality. With the introduction and application of the concept of deep learning in recent years, it has been widely studied in the academic and industrial fields, the performance of image restoration has been significantly improved, so that this long-standing research topic has once again aroused widespread concern and heated discussion on the social level. In order to enable more researchers to explore the theory of image restoration and its development, this paper reviews the related technologies in this field: firstly, the traditional image restoration methods are described, secondly, the background of deep learning is introduced, then the image restoration methods based on deep learning are described, subsequently, the several deep-learning based methods are compared and analyzed, finally, the future research direction and emphasis of image restoration are analyzed and prospected.
Modern Electromagnetic Field Theory and Its Application in Future Wireless Communication
Authors: Cui Wuwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the advent of the 5G era, more and more technologies in life are applied to the technological development and theory of antennas. Waveform constraints. These basic applications are obtained due to the natural seismic source and the continuous arrangement and combination of arrays. In this article, we first discuss the spherically symmetric electric field distribution of antenna elements in space, and then discuss the influence of a circular array on the electromagnetic intensity of the space radiated field. At the same time, the basic characteristics of waveform restraint, array radar and array telescope are discussed. Afterwards, from a theoretical point of view, the physical properties and radiation characteristics of the near-field induction field and radiation field of the factory around the vibrator were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Later, I discussed the relationship between an annular array and the eddy current. Through theoretical derivation and excitation factors, we used the original radiation equation to derive the Bessel function, and used a computer to make a simulation to explore the factors that can affect the array radiation.
Process Optimization of Single-Step Photolithography
Authors: Zhang Junyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Due to the precision and sizing requirements of popular semiconductor devices nowadays, thickness control and uniformity optimization of the photoresist during the photolithography process are thought to be critical issues for process engineers to consider. In this paper, the parameters affecting photoresist thickness are thoroughly analyzed and an economic and novel approach improving uniformity during spin coating is presented. In the Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility at the California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology (Calit2), 8 silicon wafers were coated with a positive photoresist named Shipley 1827 for this purpose. At the end of this paper, the author concludes several essential but easily ignored factors that can affect the uniformity and thickness of the photoresist. By following the given rules, high quality single-layer silicon wafer can be coated at ease.
Introduction to Mirror Symmetry in Aspects of Topological String Theory
Authors: Chen Shu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Under the compactification by the Calabi-Yau threefold, the string theory shows there is duality called mirror symmetry, which implies there is an isomorphism between two string theories under the compactifications of two topologically different internal manifolds. By twisting the topological string theory in two methods, the twisted theories named A-model and B-model have an isomorphism to each other under the mirror symmetry.
Mechanical Design and Analysis of a 3D-printed Planar Compliant-Rigid Hybrid Robot Prototype
Authors: Wang Yuxuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In our daily life, rigid-body robots have been widely encountered in many applications, such as industrial robots working in the assembling stream and medical robots for healthcare of patients. Rigid-body robots nowadays achieved great success in load carrying and motion compensation. However, rigid-body robots have strong stiffness during interaction with objects and may not suitable for human utilization. Compliant robotics, on the other hand, is flexible and can modulate stiffness and deformation, resulting comfortable interaction for human bodies. Motivated by taking advantage of both rigid-body robots and compliant robots, in this paper, the design of a planar robot prototype with a hybrid compliant-rigid structure is presented. Forward and inverse kinematics are analyzed for such a compliant-rigid robot. Simulation presents the feasibility of trajectory tracking on such robot for path planning tasks. The designed robot prototype is further manufactured by 3D-printing technique.
A Optimization Study on the Upper Limb Exoskeleton based on Beetle Antennae Search
Authors: Jiang Yingnan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Paralyzed exoskeleton robots of upper limb can be used to help patients with paralysis or stroke to carry out rehabilitation training, and it has attracted extensive attention because of its standard and effective help to rehabilitation. However, the exoskeleton robots are coupled highly-nonlinear systems, which is difficult to solve it through the traditional analytical method. The most common method is to obtain the analytic joint angles from joint velocity spaces by using the pseudo-inverse-based calculation method, which may lead to more calculation cost and lower system accuracy. In this paper, a motion planning method based on beetle antenna search algorithm(BAS) was improved. The proposed method greatly enhance the control accuracy of the system, and also improves the efficiency of the original algorithm. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the improved motion planning method.
The Review of Types of Radiation Resistance Materials and Proposed Experiments
Authors: Su Yuexin , Ye Yuting 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the last decade, the development of irradiation materials has greatly promoted the progress of nuclear technology. Therefore, the application of radiation resistance materials and the understanding of its principle are very important. This paper summarized several irradiation resistance materials to reflect the type, principle, calculation and its application in nuclear reactors. For example, the atoms of the alloy interfere with each other to form a material more resistant to radiation than pure nickel under temperature changes. And the organic radiation resistance material glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs) can resist the gamma rays generated in nuclear reactors. The radiation resistance principle of magnesium aluminate defect clusters will also be discussed. In addition, we have designed an experiment to measure the energy-loss of neutron irradiation to test the material’s neutron resistance ability.
A high precision phase extraction method in heterodyne interferometer based on FPGA
Authors: Deng Wen , Peng Xifeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The high-precision phase extraction method directly determines the final measurement performance of the heterodyne laser interferometer. This paper proposes a digital quadrature phase-locked (DQPL) method with sub-nanometer precision based on FPGA hardware and compiled on the LABVIEW FPGA platform. DQPL method can accurately extract the phase difference of the two optical signals in the heterodyne laser interferometer. The validity and stability of the method have been verified by simulations and experiments. The experimentally obtained measurement resolution is 0.074 nm, and the measurement standard deviation obtained by the Monte Carlo method is 0.22 nm.
Improved performance of nafion membranes by blending ultra-high molecular weight polyvinylidene fluoride
Authors: Feng Chao , He Weidong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is developing towards thin thickness and high mechanical strength for extraordinary performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the commercial membrane such as Nafion can hardly satisfy the practical application of PEMFCs because of high gas crossover and low mechanical strength when the thickness is less than 20 μm. Here, a reinforced composite membrane (denoted as P110-PFSA) was synthesized by blending poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) featured with high molecular weight of Mw= 1100000 g mol-1 into perfluorosulfonic acid resin (PFSA). The P110-PFSA with the thickness of 15 μm exhibits tensile strength of over 33 MPa because the PVDF with high molecular weight forms a higher density of hydrogen bonds with PFSA, resulting in a reinforcement of the bonding strength between PVDF and PFSA. H2/O2 fuel cell performance with the P110-PFSA shows more than 1170 mW cm-2 fed with H2 at 70 °C and 100% RH much better than that with Nafion 211. Direct methanol fuel cell power densities of the blent PEM are 92, 61, 50, 28 and 15 mW cm-2 fed with 2, 6, 10,16 and 20 M methanol solution respectively at the anode.
Research on PID control of electric traction DC motor speed based on MATLAB
Authors: Wang Huarong , Yan Qiyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
With the development of science and technology, digital control systems are more widely used, which is more conducive to the development of intelligent power locomotives. In the speed control process of electric traction DC motor, considering the stability, rapidity, accuracy and other requirements of speed control, digital position type PID control strategy is adopted.This study first models the power traction DC motor and analyzes the performance of the system. In order to improve the performance index of the system, a digital PID control strategy is adopted.MATLAB simulation results show that the controller has good speed and stability for the speed control of electric traction DC motor.
Investigation of the surface recombination rate in polycrystalline films from the A6B6 compound by the MW-PC method
Authors: Alimov N E , Vaitkus J V , Otajonov S M , Botirov K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this article, the surface recombination rates in polycrystalline CdTe films obtained on oxidized substrates are studied. The results of the corona discharge effect on the CdTe-SiO2–Si-Al structure are presented. In this case, in the static mode, a shift of the short-circuit current spectra to the short-wave region was observed. To analyze the shift of the short-circuit current spectra, the method of microwave probe photoconductivity (MW-PC) was used and non-contact registration of decay transients for excess carriers was carried out. Considering that for CdTe in the wavelength range of about 800–1000 nm, the absorption coefficient increases sharply with the excitation photon energy at the absorption edge. It was found that the surface recombination rate was estimated at 19 ns. It has been determined that the filling of surface traps in CdTe leads to a decrease in the effect of surface recombination.
Method of manufacturing working surfaces of ironing tables for wet-heat works of garments from composite materials
Authors: Nutfullaeva L N , Nutfullaeva Sh N , Tashpulatov S Sh , Muminova M S , Sayfullaeva L M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article studied the components, types and properties, as well as the classification of composite materials. The direction of use and methods for obtaining new structural materials are considered. The developed new technology for the production of composite materials is described, which is used for the manufacture of parts for ironing equipment of sewing enterprises. The method of forming the working surface of ironing tables from a new composite material is substantiated.
Graphene nanotechnologies: experience in using the mechanical and electrical properties of graphene
Authors: Andreev D V 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article is about the unique properties of graphene, which can make a breakthrough in various fields. Graphene is the material of the future for creating various technologies. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of this component. In addition, the latest achievements of Yakutia in the field of graphene-based materials research are described, mainly using the mechanical and electrical properties of graphene.
Mathematical model of the process of vertical drying of raw cotton in the hot airflow
Authors: Safarov Nazirjon , Mukhammadjanova Iroda , Kabulov Mukhammadali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article covers theoretical studies that have been carried out on the development of the mathematical model of the process of drying raw cotton, considering the laws of aerodynamics in a vertical cylindrical drying device using a hot airflow obtained using alternative energy sources.