bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is in the Myopathy Literature?
Authors: Al-Lahham Tawfiq , Lacomis David 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We cover intensive care unit–acquired neuromuscular disorders associated with coronavirus disease 2019. Outcomes may be worse than expected in these patients, and there is some evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 causes myopathy directly. Corticosteroid regimens in Duchenne muscular dystrophy are addressed including outcomes in pulmonary and cardiac function. A recent article notes a continued diagnostic delay in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. An interesting report of a Canary Islands cohort of patients with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy is discussed. Features and clinical pearls related to a series of patients with limb-girdle muscle dystrophy R12 (anoctaminopathy) and a misdiagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are provided. The last section on autoimmune myopathy includes articles on clinical and pathologic features associated with myositis-specific antibodies and dermatomyositis, the epidemiology of immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNMs) in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and features of a German cohort of hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase–associated IMNM. A recent article proposes the benefit of early intravenous immunoglobulin use for adults with IMNM. We also highlight a report of 2 unusual cases of antisignal recognition particle myopathy presenting with asymmetric distal weakness.
Socioeconomic position and hearing loss: current understanding and recent advances
Authors: Malcolm Kelly A. , Suen Jonathan J. , Nieman Carrie L. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of reviewThe purpose of this review is to describe recent literature examining the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and hearing loss, including the impact of hearing loss on several socioeconomic outcomes over the life course. Additionally, we highlight current policy advances in recent years and review alternative models of hearing care that aim to address disparities related to SEP and hearing healthcare.Recent findingsApplying a social epidemiologic lens to hearing health gives insight into the role of material and social contexts in understanding and improving hearing health outcomes. Recent studies investigating the intersection of SEP and hearing health highlight the disparities that exist for individuals with low SEP as well as the influence of hearing loss on SEP. Individuals with hearing loss are more likely to be unemployed, have lower educational attainment, lower income, and are less likely to use hearing aids and access hearing care. Legislation addressing cost and access to hearing care as well as transforming the current landscape of hearing care, is essential to creating equitable care for individuals, especially older adults, with low SEP.SummaryWith the expected rise in prevalence of hearing loss over the next 40 years, hearing care that is affordable and accessible is a public health priority. As hearing loss is associated with negative outcomes for individuals with low SEP, advances in legislation and care delivery models are necessary in order to include populations traditionally unserved by current hearing healthcare.
Post COVID-19 ongoing symptoms and health related quality of life: does rehabilitation matter? Preliminary evidence
Authors: Mammi Patrizia , Ranza Elena , Rampello Anais , Ravanetti Daniela , Cavaldonati Annalisa , Moretti Silvia , Gobbi Emanuela , Rodà Francesca , Brianti Rodolfo 
Published: August 2022

Objective
Individuals with persisting symptoms after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have reported a decrease in health related quality of life. This study explores the outcome of 50 subjects with post COVID-19 ongoing symptoms including “Long COVID”(symptoms lasting over 3 months), after a rehabilitation program focused on three symptoms: fatigue, breathlessness and pain. Aims were:
- assessing the feasibility of the program
-observing a possible change in symptoms and quality of life (null hypothesis: no differences in variables before and after treatment)
-investigating a possible relationship between symptoms and quality of life

Design
Retrospective observational study

Results
Symptoms intensity measured with Numeric Rating Scale decreased. Mean differences: breathlessness: -2,91; fatigue: -2,05; pain: -2,41 (p > .001). Quality of life measured with Euroqol-5D (EQ-5D) improved. Mean differences: EQ-5D index : 0,104; EQ-5D VAS: 19,21 (p < .001). Effect size of these changings is classifiable as large (Cohen’s d > 0,8 and < 1,3) except for EQ-5D index ( Cohen’s d -0,575), resulting medium(>0,5 and < 0,8). Correlation (Pearson’s r) between symptoms and EQ-5D resulted moderate for pain and fatigue (-0,609 and -0,531, p < .001) and low for breathlessness (-0,533, p < .001)

Conclusions
Rehabilitation can be feasible and may improve symptoms and quality of life. Further research is needed.
Nasal Tip and Alar Groove Plasty Through External Nasal Cutting in Asians: A Clinical Study
Authors: Xu Meng-Qiong , Tang Yu-Xi , Yu Bao-Fu , Zeng Qi , Wei Jiao , Dai Chuan-Chang 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
Nasal tip hypertrophy is common in Asians, and its reshaping is very critical in rhinoplasty. For patients who refuse any implant placed in the nose, there are limited options for tip reshaping. Herein, we introduce a new procedure of nasal tip and alar groove plasty through external nasal cutting in Asians.

Methods:
A total of 20 patients who had hypertrophic nasal tip and refused to have any implants were included in this study. They were performed this procedure of nasal tip and alar groove plasty through external nasal cutting. The authors carefully reviewed the patients’ medical records and preoperative and postoperative photographs. Self-reported satisfactions of patients with the scar morphology and correction effect were assessed at postoperative every follow-up using a questionnaire survey.

Results:
All of the patients’ procedures were completely successful, and the hypertrophic nasal tip was improved. In the long-term postoperative follow-up, the patients’ wound showed no abnormalities such as scar contracture deformity, scar bumps, and nasal deformation. In 1 patient, the nasal wound developed significant scarring, and we performed reoperation to remove the superficial scar tissue. Surgical scars in the remaining patients were not obvious. Eight patients (8/20) reported “very satisfied” with scar shape and nasal tip shape improvement results, and 10 patients (10/20) reported “satisfied” with the outcomes.

Conclusions:
This procedure of nasal tip and alar groove plasty could be an alternative for making the nasal tip more refined. However, the surgical indications for this procedure need to be strictly limited to specific patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Sphingomonas folii sp. nov., Sphingomonas citri sp. nov. and Sphingomonas citricola sp. nov., isolated from citrus phyllosphere
Authors: Feng Guang-Da , Li Jiali , Pan Mingkai , Deng Xiaoqin , Chen Meng , Yao Qing , Zhu Honghui 
Published: August 2022

Three novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated RHCKR7T, RRHST34T and RHCKR47T, were isolated from phyllosphere of healthy citrus collected in Renhua County, Guangdong Province, PR China. Phylogenetic analyses showed that they belonged to the genus

Sphingomonas

, among which both strains RHCKR7T and RRHST34T showed a close relationship with

Sphingomonas yunnanensis

YIM 003T with 16S rRNA gene similarity of 99.0 and 99.1%, respectively, and the similarity between the two novel strains was 99.2%, meanwhile strain RHCKR47T was most closely related to

Sphingomonas palmae

KACC 17591T (99.5%). Genome-derived average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between closely related novel strains RHCKR7T and RRHST34T were 90.43 and 40.80 %, respectively, and their most closely related type strain,

S. yunnanensis

YIM 003T, showed 90.43 % ANI and 40.7 % dDDH with RHCKR7T and 90.21 % and 42.9 % with RRHST34T, respectively, and the corresponding values between strain RHCKR47T and

S. palmae

KACC 17591T were 85.53 % and 29.30%, respectively. They all took C14 : 0 2-OH and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω6c and/or C18 : 1
ω7c) as the major fatty acids, and ubiquinone 10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids contained sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and unidentified phospholipids. sym-Homospermidine was the major polyamine. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, the new isolates should be considered as representing three novel species of the genus

Sphingomonas

, for which the names Sphingomonas folli sp. nov., Sphingomonas citri sp. nov. and Sphingomonas citricola sp. nov. are proposed with RHCKR7T (=GDMCC 1.2663T=JCM 34794T), RRHST34T (=GDMCC 1.2665T=JCM 34796T) and RHCKR47T (=GDMCC 1.2664T=JCM 34795T) as the type strains, respectively.
Neuroimaging and Cognitive Testing in Healthy Aging Adults using a Portable Low-Field MRI Scanner and Web-Based Assessment
Authors: Deoni Sean CL , Burton Phoebe , Beauchemin Jennifer , Cano-Lorente Rosa , De Both Matthew D. , Johnson Megan , Ryan Lee , Huentelman Matthew J. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTConsumer wearables and health monitors, internet-based health and cognitive assessments, and at-home biosample (e.g., saliva and capillary blood) collection kits are increasingly used by public health researchers to recruit and follow large study populations without requiring intensive in-person study visits. In addition to reducing participant time and travel burden, remote and virtual data collection allows individuals who live long distances from a hospital or university research center, have limited time or mobility, or who lack access to transportation to participate. Unfortunately, studies that include magnetic resonance neuroimaging can be particularly burdensome given the infrastructure requirements of 1.5, 3, and 7 Tesla scanners. As a result, they often omit socially, economically, and educationally disadvantaged individuals. Portable lower magnetic field strength systems offer the potential to perform neuroimaging at a participant’s home and convenience. In this work, we present the first report of associations between brain morphometry and cognitive performance assessed using a portable low-field MRI “scan van” and an established online assessment (MindCrowd) of paired-associate learning (PAL). In a sample of 67 individuals between 18-93 years of age who were imaged at their home or convenient nearby location, we show expected trends in brain volumes with age and detail associations between learning and memory-related brain region volumes and PAL performance. Results demonstrate the ability to collect reliable neuroimaging and cognitive data outside of traditional imaging research settings with important implications for engaging traditionally underrepresented communities in neuroimaging research.HIGHLIGHTSFirst demonstration of portable neuroimaging with web-based neurocognitive assessments for routine remote assessment of brain changes associated with aging and age-related cognitive changes.Replication of general brain changes with age and associations with associative learning at low-field strength (64mT) as previously reported at higher routine 1.5T and 3T field strengths.Results demonstrate the ability to collect reliable remote neuroimaging and cognitive test data with important implications for engaging traditionally underrepresented communities in neuroimaging research.
Younger age of initiation of selling sex and depressive symptoms among female sex workers in Eswatini
Authors: Grosso Ashley , Fielding-Miller Rebecca , Matse Sindy , Sithole Bhekie , Baral Stefan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMinors who sell sex are likely to have complex mental health needs that may persist into adulthood. This topic is understudied in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study hypothesized that adult female sex workers in Eswatini who started selling sex as minors have a higher prevalence of depression than those who started as adults. We also examined correlates of depression and underage initiation of selling sex, including stigma and condom-related behaviors.MethodsFrom October-December 2014, women aged 18 or older who sold sex in the past 12 months in Eswatini were recruited through venue-based sampling. Participants completed a survey including the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and a question about the age at which they first sold sex for money. T-tests, χ2 tests and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations.ResultsOverall, 43.1% of participants (332/770) had probable depression, and 16.6% (128/770) started selling sex as minors under the age of 18. Over half (55.5%, 71/128) of those who started selling sex as minors had depression. This was significantly higher than the 40.7% (261/642) prevalence of depression among participants who started selling sex as adults (p=0.002). After adjusting for confounders, female sex workers who started selling sex as minors had higher odds of depression than those who started as adults (adjusted odds ratio 1.70, 95% confidence interval 1.11-2.60). Both depression and underage initiation of selling sex were associated with anticipating stigma toward sex workers in healthcare settings and the number of times the participant reported a condom slipped off or broke in the past month.ConclusionResults highlight the need for trauma-informed and adolescent-friendly mental health services in settings free of stigma toward female sex workers in Eswatini.
Physicians’ Attitudes towards Secondary Use of Clinical Data for Biomedical Research Purposes in Germany. Results of a Quantitative Survey
Authors: Köngeter Anja , Schickhardt Christoph , Jungkunz Martin , Mehlis Katja , Winkler Eva C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundFor biomedical data-driven research purposes, secondary use of clinical data carries great but largely untapped potential. Physicians’ attitudes and their needs towards secondary data use are essential to inform its practical and ethically sound implementation but are currently understudied.ObjectiveTherefore, the objectives of the study are to assess physicians’ (i) general attitudes and concerns, (ii) willingness to adapt workflows and to make data available for secondary use, (iii) group-specific conditions and concerns of physician-scientists and purely clinical physicians.MethodsWe developed an online survey based on a literature review and an expert interview study. Physicians in private practice and at two large German university hospitals were surveyed from May 2021 until January 2022.ResultsIn total, 446 physicians participated in the survey. 96% [380/397] of all physicians reported a positive attitude towards secondary use; 87% [31/397] are in-principle willing to support secondary use of clinical data along with a small proportion of physicians with fundamental reservations 8%. Secondly, the most important conditions for adapting workflows was funding of additional time and effort for research-adequate documentation (71% [286/390]) and the most important condition for providing patients’ clinical data was reliable protection of patients’ privacy (67% [254/382]). Thirdly, physician-scientists were more likely to request additional funding for research-adequate documentation as a precondition for support (83% vs 69%, P=.002) and the privilege to conduct research with patient data prior to other researchers (43% vs 11%, P<.001); while purely clinical physicians more frequently require reliable protection of patient privacy (76% vs 62%, P=.007) and monetary compensation (45% vs 25%, P<.001).ConclusionSince this study presents high in-principle willingness of physicians to support secondary use along with little general concerns, it seems essential to address physicians’ group-specific conditions toward secondary use in order to gain their support.
Targeting default mode network connectivity with mindfulness-based fMRI neurofeedback: A pilot study among adolescents with affective disorder history
Authors: Zhang Jiahe , Raya Jovicarole , Morfini Francesca , Urban Zoi , Pagliaccio David , Yendiki Anastasia , Auerbach Randy P. , Bauer Clemens C.C. , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTAdolescents experience alarmingly high rates of major depressive disorder (MDD), however, gold-standard treatments are only effective for ~50% of youth. Accordingly, there is a critical need to develop novel interventions, particularly ones that target neural mechanisms believed to potentiate depressive symptoms. Directly addressing this gap, we developed a mindfulness-based fMRI neurofeedback (mbNF) for adolescents that targets default mode network (DMN) hyperconnectivity, which has been implicated in the onset and maintenance of MDD. In this proof-of-concept study, adolescents (n = 9) with a lifetime history of depression and/or anxiety were administered clinical interviews and self-report questionnaires, and then, each participant’s DMN and central executive network (CEN) were personalized using a resting state fMRI localizer. After the localizer scan, adolescents completed a brief mindfulness training followed by a mbNF session in the scanner wherein they were instructed to volitionally reduce DMN relative to CEN activation by practicing mindfulness meditation. Several promising findings emerged. First, mbNF successfully engaged the target brain state during neurofeedback; participants spent more time in the target state with DMN activation lower than CEN activation. Second, in each of the nine adolescents, mbNF led to significantly reduced within-DMN connectivity, which correlated with post-mbNF increases in state mindfulness. Last, a reduction of within-DMN connectivity mediated the association between better mbNF performance and increased state mindfulness. These findings demonstrate that personalized mbNF can effectively and non-invasively modulate the intrinsic networks known to be associated with the emergence and persistence of depressive symptoms during adolescence.
Ab initio predictions for 3D structure and stability of single- and double-stranded DNAs in ion solutions
Authors: Mu Zi-Chun , Tan Ya-Lan , Zhang Ben-Gong , Liu Jie , Shi Ya-Zhou 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe three-dimensional (3D) structure and stability of DNA are essential to understand/control their biological functions and aid the development of novel materials. In this work, we present a coarse-grained (CG) model for DNA based on the RNA CG model proposed by us, to predict 3D structures and stability for both dsDNA and ssDNA from the sequence. Combined with a Monte Carlo simulated annealing algorithm and CG force fields involving the sequence-dependent base-pairing/stacking interactions and an implicit electrostatic potential, the present model successfully folds 20 dsDNAs (≤52nt) and 20 ssDNAs (≤74nt) into the corresponding native-like structures just from their sequences, with an overall mean RMSD of 3.4Å from the experimental structures. For DNAs with various lengths and sequences, the present model can make reliable predictions on stability, e.g., for 27 dsDNAs with/without bulge/internal loops and 24 ssDNAs including pseudoknot, the mean deviation of predicted melting temperatures from the corresponding experimental data is only ~2.0℃. Furthermore, the model also quantificationally predicts the effects of monovalent or divalent ions on the structure stability of ssDNAs/dsDNAs.Author SummaryTo determine 3D structures and quantify stability of single- (ss) and double-stranded (ds) DNAs is essential to unveil the mechanisms of their functions and to further guide the production and development of novel materials. Although many DNA models have been proposed to reproduce the basic structural, mechanical, or thermodynamic properties of dsDNAs based on the secondary structure information or preset constraints, there are very few models can be used to investigate the ssDNA folding or dsDNA assembly from the sequence. Furthermore, due to the polyanionic nature of DNAs, metal ions (e.g., Na+ and Mg2+) in solutions can play an essential role in DNA folding and dynamics. Nevertheless, ab initio predictions for DNA folding in ion solutions are still an unresolved problem. In this work, we developed a novel coarse-grained model to predict 3D structures and thermodynamic stabilities for both ssDNAs and dsDNAs in monovalent/divalent ion solutions from their sequences. As compared with the extensive experimental data and available existing models, we showed that the present model can successfully fold simple DNAs into their native-like structures, and can also accurately reproduce the effects of sequence and monovalent/divalent ions on structure stability for ssDNAs including pseudoknot and dsDNAs with/without bulge/internal loops.
Digital maturity and its determinants in General Practice: a cross-sectional study in 20 countries
Authors: Teixeira Fábia , Li Edmond , Laranjo Liliana , Collins Claire , Irving Greg , Fernandez Maria Jose , Car Josip , Ungan Mehmet , Petek Davorina , Hoffman Robert , Majeed Azeem , Nessler Katarzyna , Lingner Heidrun , Jimenez Geronimo , Darzi Ara , Jácome Cristina , Neves Ana Luísa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe extension to which digital technologies are employed to promote the delivery of high-quality healthcare is known as Digital Maturity. Individuals’ and systems’ digital maturity are both necessary to ensure a successful, scalable and sustainable digital transformation in healthcare. Digital maturity in primary care has been scarcely evaluated.ObjectivesThis study assessed the digital maturity - as a whole and in its dimensions - in General Practice and evaluated how participants’ demographic characteristics, practice characteristics and features of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) use are associated with digital maturity.MethodsGeneral Practitioners (GPs) across 20 countries completed an online questionnaire between June and September 2020. Demographic data, practice characteristics and features of EHRs use were collected. Digital maturity was evaluated through a framework built upon usage, resources and ability (divided in this study in its collective and individual components), interoperability, general evaluation methods and impact of digital technologies. Each dimension was rated as 1 or 0. The digital maturity score is the sum of the six dimensions and ranges from 0 to 6 (maximum digital maturity). Multivariable linear regression was used to model the total score, while multivariable logistic regression was used to model the probability of meeting each dimension of the score.Results1,600 GPs (61% female, 68% Europeans) participated. GPs had a median digital maturity of 4 (P25-P75: 3-5). Positive associations with digital maturity were found for: being male (B=0.18 [95%CI 0.01;0.36]), use of EHRs for longer periods (B=0.45 [95%CI 0.35;0.54]) and higher frequencies of access to EHRs (B=0.33 [95%CI 0.17;0.48]). Practising in a rural setting was negatively associated with digital maturity (B=-0.25 [95%CI −0.43;-0.08]). Usage (90%) was the most acknowledged dimension while interoperability (47%) and use of best practice general evaluation methods (28%) were the least. Shorter durations of EHRs use were negatively associated with all digital maturity dimensions (aOR from 0.09 to 0.77).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated notable factors that impact digital maturity and exposed discrepancies in digital transformation across healthcare settings. It provides a roadmap for policymakers to develop more efficacious interventions to hasten and take the best advantage of digital transformation in General Practice.