bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced antitumor immune responses via a new agent [131I]-labeled dual-target immunosuppressant
Authors: Jiang Chunjuan , Tian Qiwei , Xu Xiaoping , Li Panli , He Simin , Chen Jian , Yao Bolin , Zhang Jianping , Yang Ziyi , Song Shaoli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Radionuclides theranostic are ideal “partners” for bispecific antibodies to explore the immune response of patients and synergistic treatment. A bispecific single-domain antibody-Fc fusion protein, KN046, exhibits a good treatment effect by binding to programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). An ionizing-radiation stimulus mediated by a low-dose of [131I] may be used for immunopotentiation. In this study, we established [131I]-labeled KN046 as a novel radioimmunotherapy agent to treat malignant melanoma and explored the mechanism.

Methods
After intravenous injection of [131I]-KN046, SPECT/CT imaging was applied to identify candidate targets for KN046 immunotherapy. [18F]-FDG and [68 Ga]-NOTA-GZP (granzyme B-specific PET imaging agent) micro-PET/CT imaging was used to assess the immune response in vivo after [131I]-KN046 treatment. The synergistic treatment effect of [131I]-KN046 was evaluated by exploring the [131I]-based radionuclide-induced release of tumor immunogenicity-related antigens as well as the histology and survival of tumor-bearing mice after treatment.

Results
The constructed [131I]-KN046 exhibited high affinity and specificity for PD-L1/CTLA-4 immune targets and had excellent in vivo intratumoral retention capability so as to achieve good antitumor efficacy. More importantly, the combination of low-dose [131I] and KN046-enhanced immunosensitivity increased the immunotherapy response rates significantly. Exposure of tumor cells to [131I]-KN046 led to upregulated expression of MHC-I and Fas surface molecules and significant increases in the degree of T-cell activation and counts of tumor-infiltrating immunocytes.

Conclusion
Use of low-dose [131I] combined with a dual-target immunosuppressant could be exploited to identify the subset of treatment responders but also exhibited great potential for enhancing antitumor immune responses.
Spatial and temporal scaling of sub-daily extreme rainfall for data sparse places
Authors: Wilby R. L. , Dawson C. W. , Yu D. , Herring Z. , Baruch A. , Ascott M. J. , Finney D. L. , Macdonald D. M. J. , Marsham J. H. , Matthews T. , Murphy C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGlobal efforts to upgrade water, drainage, and sanitation services are hampered by hydrometeorological data-scarcity plus uncertainty about climate change. Intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) tables are used routinely to design water infrastructure so offer an entry point for adapting engineering standards. This paper begins with a novel procedure for guiding downscaling predictor variable selection for heavy rainfall simulation using media reports of pluvial flooding. We then present a three-step workflow to: (1) spatially downscale daily rainfall from grid-to-point resolutions; (2) temporally scale from daily series to sub-daily extreme rainfalls and; (3) test methods of temporal scaling of extreme rainfalls within Regional Climate Model (RCM) simulations under changed climate conditions. Critically, we compare the methods of moments and of parameters for temporal scaling annual maximum series of daily rainfall into sub-daily extreme rainfalls, whilst accounting for rainfall intermittency. The methods are applied to Kampala, Uganda and Kisumu, Kenya using the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM), two RCM simulations covering East Africa (CP4 and P25), and in hybrid form (RCM-SDSM). We demonstrate that Gumbel parameters (and IDF tables) can be reliably scaled to durations of 3 h within observations and RCMs. Our hybrid RCM-SDSM scaling reduces errors in IDF estimates for the present climate when compared with direct RCM output. Credible parameter scaling relationships are also found within RCM simulations under changed climate conditions. We then discuss the practical aspects of applying such workflows to other city-regions.
No influence of posterior tibial slope change on outcomes after cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Miralles-Muñoz Francisco A. , Sebastia-Forcada Emilio , Perez-Aznar Adolfo , Ruiz-Lozano Matias , Gonzalez-Navarro Blanca , Lizaur-Utrilla Alejandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate whether the functional outcomes were affected by the change in posterior tibial slope (PTS) after using a predetermined PTS for primary cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (CR-TKA).

Methods
Prospective cohort study of 152 patients who underwent primary CR-TKA with a standardized PTS of 5º regardless of the native PTS. Patients were classified postoperatively in two ways. Firstly, according to the PTS change from preoperative to postoperative (increased or decreased PTS group). Secondly, according to the PTS difference between preoperative and postoperative ≤ 4º (group A) and > 4º (group B). The functional outcomes were assessed with the Knee Society Scores (KSS), McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire (WOMAC), and range of motion (ROM). Preoperative and postoperative PTS were measured on lateral knee radiographs.

Results
The minimum follow-up was 5 year. There were no significant differences at the final follow-up in functional outcomes between increased (88 patients) and decreased (64 patients) PTS groups. Likewise, there were no significant differences in functional outcomes between group A (79 patients) and group B (73 patients). In multivariate analysis, the PTS change was not significant predictor for improvement in functional outcome (OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.70–1.40; p = 0.061).

Conclusion
The PTS change between preoperative and postoperative has no influence on the functional outcomes using a CR-TKA. A standardized PTS regardless of the native is a reliable procedure for primary CR-TKA.
Pessary with perineal suture for treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: description and benefit of the technique
Authors: Pérez-Febles Marta , De-Miguel-Manso Sonia , García-García Elena , López-País María , Cuaresma-González María , Ibañez-Nieto Marta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Vaginal pessaries are used as a conservative treatment for POP in women who do not want or are not candidates for surgery, or as a preliminary step to surgery. Our goals are: evaluate the evolution of patients with advanced POP and repeated expulsion of the pessary, who underwent perineal suture to try to maintain the device. Describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients treated with pessaries in our environment, with or without perineal closure.

Methods
Observational, descriptive and prospective study (October 2016-March 2021) that includes 352 women with advanced-stage POP treated with a pessary, of which 55, after repeated expulsion of the pessary, were treated with a pessary and perineal suture.

Results
After pessary insertion associated with perineal closure, 26 patients (47.2%) expelled the pessary and underwent surgery, and 29 (52.8%) kept the device, avoiding surgery. Regarding the women who required perineal suture: The mean age was higher than in the group of patients who did not need this intervention (75.3 vs. 68.3 years), 94.5% had POP ≥ grade III and 100% had a perineal width > 2.5 cm.

Conclusions
Treatment with pessary and perineal closure avoids surgery in women with advanced age and repeated expulsion. Although age should not be an independent factor that limits surgical treatment or the type of intervention, it would be useful to have scales to quantify the frailty of patients, being able to standardize perineal closure in elderly and/or frail women, and in those who do not want or have contraindications for surgery.
Radiation dose rate effects: what is new and what is needed?
Authors: Lowe Donna , Roy Laurence , Tabocchini Maria Antonella , Rühm Werner , Wakeford Richard , Woloschak Gayle E. , Laurier Dominique 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite decades of research to understand the biological effects of ionising radiation, there is still much uncertainty over the role of dose rate. Motivated by a virtual workshop on the “Effects of spatial and temporal variation in dose delivery” organised in November 2020 by the Multidisciplinary Low Dose Initiative (MELODI), here, we review studies to date exploring dose rate effects, highlighting significant findings, recent advances and to provide perspective and recommendations for requirements and direction of future work. A comprehensive range of studies is considered, including molecular, cellular, animal, and human studies, with a focus on low linear-energy-transfer radiation exposure. Limits and advantages of each type of study are discussed, and a focus is made on future research needs.
The idiopathic intracranial hypertension prospective cohort study: evaluation of prognostic factors and outcomes
Authors: Thaller Mark , Homer Victoria , Hyder Yousef , Yiangou Andreas , Liczkowski Anthony , Fong Anthony W. , Virdee Jasvir , Piccus Rachel , Roque Marianne , Mollan Susan P. , Sinclair Alexandra J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
There are limited longitudinal data evaluating outcomes in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes in a real-world cohort of patients with IIH and sought to establish the prognostic factors.

Methods
A longitudinal prospective cohort study was conducted over 9 years (2012–2021). Data included demographics and disease status. All consenting patients with IIH were recruited. Visual outcomes included visual acuity, Humphrey visual field and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging measurements. Headache frequency, severity, and impact were noted. We analysed the key variables impacting visual and headache outcomes.

Results
The cohort contained 490 patients with a confirmed IIH diagnosis. 98% were female with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 38 kg/m2. Those with the highest OCT retinal nerve fibre layer had the worst visual outcomes. We noted a delayed decline, in the visual field and OCT ganglion cell layer after 12 months. In the medically managed cohort (n = 426), we found that disease duration and change in BMI had the greatest influence on visual outcomes. There was a high burden of headache, with a daily headache at presentation and prior migraine history influencing long-term headache prognosis.

Conclusions
There is a delayed decline in visual outcomes in those with the most severe papilloedema. Disease duration and change in BMI were the key visual prognostic factors, therefore those with the more acute disease may require closer monitoring. Improving prognosis in IIH should focus on the potentially modifiable factor of weight management.
Distribution of tetraspanins in bovine ovarian tissue and fresh/vitrified oocytes
Authors: Jankovičová Jana , Sečová Petra , Horovská Ľubica , Olexiková Lucia , Dujíčková Linda , Makarevich Alexander V. , Michalková Katarína , Antalíková Jana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTetraspanin proteins are mostly known as organizers of molecular complexes on cell membranes, widely expressed on the surface of most nucleated cells. Although tetraspanins participate in many physiological processes of mammals, including reproduction, their relevance to the processes of folliculogenesis and oogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. We bring new information regarding the distribution of tetraspanins CD9, CD81, CD151, CD82, and CD63 at different stages of follicular development in cattle. The found distribution of tetraspanin CD9, CD63, and integrin alpha V in similar areas of ovarian tissue outlined their possible cooperation. We also describe yet-unknown distribution patterns of CD151, CD82, and CD63 on immature and mature bovine oocytes. The unique localization of tetraspanins CD63 and CD82 in the zona pellucida of bovine oocytes suggested their involvement in transzonal projections. Furthermore, we present an unchanged distribution pattern of the studied tetraspanins in vitrified mature bovine oocytes. The immunofluorescent analysis was supplemented by in silico data addressing tetraspanins expression in the ovarian cells and oocytes across several species. The obtained results suggest that in the study of the oocyte development and potentially the fertilization process of cattle, the role of tetraspanins and integrins should also be taken into account.
Cuprizone feeding induces swollen astrocyte endfeet
Authors: Fallier-Becker Petra , Bonzheim Irina , Pfeiffer Friederike 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe cuprizone model is a widely used model to study the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Due to the selective loss of mature oligodendrocytes and myelin, it is mainly being used to study demyelination and the mechanisms of remyelination, as well as the efficiency of compounds or therapeutics aiming at remyelination. Although early investigations using high dosages of cuprizone reported the occurrence of hydrocephalus, it has long been assumed that cuprizone feeding at lower dosages does not induce changes at the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Here, by analyzing BBB ultrastructure with high-resolution electron microscopy, we report changes at astrocytic endfeet surrounding vessels in the brain parenchyma. Particularly, edema formation around blood vessels and swollen astrocytic endfeet already occurred after feeding low dosages of cuprizone. These findings indicate changes in BBB function that will have an impact on the milieu of the central nervous system (CNS) in the cuprizone model and need to be considered when studying the mechanisms of de- and remyelination.
The effects of Borrelia infection on its wintering rodent host
Authors: Sipari Saana , Hytönen Jukka , Pietikäinen Annukka , Mappes Tapio , Kallio Eva R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn seasonal environments, appropriate adaptations are crucial for organisms to maximize their fitness. For instance, in many species, the immune function has been noticed to decrease during winter, which is assumed to be an adaptation to the season’s limited food availability. Consequences of an infection on the health and survival of the host organism could thus be more severe in winter than in summer. Here, we experimentally investigated the effect of a zoonotic, endemic pathogen, Borrelia afzelii infection on the survival and body condition in its host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), during late autumn–early winter under semi-natural field conditions in 11 large outdoor enclosures. To test the interaction of Borrelia infection and energetic condition, four populations received supplementary nutrition, while remaining seven populations exploited only natural food sources. Supplementary food during winter increased the body mass independent of the infection status, however, Borrelia afzelii infection did not cause severe increase in the host mortality or affect the host body condition in the late autumn–early winter. While our study suggests that no severe effects are caused by B. afzelii infection on bank vole, further studies are warranted to identify any potentially smaller effects the pathogen may cause on the host fitness over the period of whole winter.
Clique-Based Separators for Geometric Intersection Graphs
Authors: de Berg Mark , Kisfaludi-Bak Sándor , Monemizadeh Morteza , Theocharous Leonidas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLet F be a set of n objects in the plane and let $$\mathcal {G}^{\times }(F)$$

G

×

(
F
)

be its intersection graph. A balanced clique-based separator of $$\mathcal {G}^{\times }(F)$$

G

×

(
F
)

is a set $$\mathcal {\mathcal {S}}$$
S
consisting of cliques whose removal partitions $$\mathcal {G}^{\times }(F)$$

G

×

(
F
)

into components of size at most $$\delta n$$

δ
n

, for some fixed constant $$\delta <1$$

δ
<
1

. The weight of a clique-based separator is defined as $$\sum _{C\in \mathcal {\mathcal {S}}}\log (|C|+1)$$

∑

C
∈
S

log

(
|
C
|
+
1
)

. Recently De Berg et al. (SIAM J. Comput. 49: 1291-1331. 2020) proved that if S consists of convex fat objects, then $$\mathcal {G}^{\times }(F)$$

G

×

(
F
)

admits a balanced clique-based separator of weight $$O(\sqrt{n})$$

O
(

n

)

. We extend this result in several directions, obtaining the following results. (i) Map graphs admit a balanced clique-based separator of weight $$O(\sqrt{n})$$

O
(

n

)

, which is tight in the worst case. (ii) Intersection graphs of pseudo-disks admit a balanced clique-based separator of weight $$O(n^{2/3}\log n)$$

O
(

n

2
/
3

log
n
)

. If the pseudo-disks are polygonal and of total complexity O(n) then the weight of the separator improves to $$O(\sqrt{n}\log n)$$

O
(

n

log
n
)

. (iii) Intersection graphs of geodesic disks inside a simple polygon admit a balanced clique-based separator of weight $$O(n^{2/3}\log n)$$

O
(

n

2
/
3

log
n
)

. (iv) Visibility-restricted unit-disk graphs in a polygonal domain with r reflex vertices admit a balanced clique-based separator of weight $$O(\sqrt{n}+r\log (n/r))$$

O
(

n

+
r
log

(
n
/
r
)

)

, which is tight in the worst case. These results immediately imply sub-exponential algorithms for Maximum Independent Set (and, hence, Vertex Cover), for Feedback Vertex Set, and for q-Coloring for constant q in these graph classes.
Potential of Rice-Flour Jelly Made from High-Amylose Rice as a Dysphagia Diet: Evaluation of Pharyngeal Residue by FEES
Authors: Tsubokawa Misao , Fujitani Junko , Ashida Kanae , Hayase Mika , Kobayashi Namiko , Horita Chika , Sakashita Masafumi , Tokunaga Takahiro , Hamano Tadanori , Kikuta Ken-ichiro , Fujieda Shigeharu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDysphagia diets are recommended to prevent choking and aspiration in people with dysphagia; however, rice-porridge and mashed rice-porridge, which are used as staple foods for people with dysphagia in Japan, are time-consuming to prepare. The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization has found jelly-like food products made from high-amylose rice-flour (rice-flour jelly) to be easy to prepare with a texture suitable for dysphagia diets. To investigate the potential of rice-flour jelly for the dysphagia diet, we evaluated the amount of pharyngeal residue after swallowing rice-flour jelly using fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and compared it with those of rice-porridge, mashed rice-porridge, and fruit jelly. We enrolled 70 participants (43 males and 27 females, aged 32–96 years, median 74.5 years) and evaluated their pharyngeal residue using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale which includes five levels from I (none) to V (severe). Statistical analysis showed that level I was more common in fruit jelly for vallecula residue and pyriform sinus residue, and level III (mild) was more common in rice-porridge for vallecula residue (p < 0.05). No differences of pharyngeal residue were found in rice-flour jelly or mashed rice-porridge. No significant difference was observed in the number of participants with laryngeal penetration or aspiration. Therefore, rice-flour jelly is a suitable alternative to rice-porridge as a staple food for people with dysphagia in terms of food texture.
Patients’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and the change to telephone consultations in cancer care
Authors: Bødtcher Hanne , Lindblad Katrine Vammen , Sørensen Dina Melanie , Rosted Elizabeth , Kjeldsted Eva , Christensen Helle Gert , Svendsen Mads Nordahl , Thomsen Linda Aagaard , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
During the COVID-19 pandemic, teleconsultations have increasingly been used to reduce physical contact and thus risk of infection. This study investigated how patients with cancer experienced the COVID-19 pandemic and how they perceived the change from in-person consultations to telephone consultations in an oncology outpatient clinic. The aim was to provide insights that could optimize the future use of teleconsultations in cancer care.

Methods
This qualitative study included 15 patients with colorectal, breast, gynecological, lung, or prostate cancer treated at the outpatient clinic at the Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Denmark in June or July 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and analyzed by thematic analysis.

Results
Patients with cancer experienced social, psychological, and organizational consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic related to their cancer care. Not all patients were comfortable with telephone consultations. Six themes were identified: (1) double burden as a consequence of simultaneous cancer and the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) parameters for patient satisfaction with telephone consultations, (3) the importance of relatives attending consultations, (4) loss of information and nuances during telephone consultations, (5) the impact of physicians’ language and communicative skills during telephone consultations, and (6) patients’ suggestions for future telephone consultations.

Conclusion
Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important that hospitals offering teleconsultations involve patients’ preferences, consider for which patients and consultations the solution is suitable, which technology to use, how to prepare patients and relatives, and how to provide physicians with the necessary communicative skills.
Few-shot learning for modeling cyber physical systems in non-stationary environments
Authors: Ntalampiras Stavros , Potamitis Ilyas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a modeling scheme for cyber physical systems operating in non-stationary, small data environments. Unlike the traditional modeling logic, we introduce the few-shot learning paradigm, the operation of which is based on quantifying both similarities and dissimilarities. As such, we designed a suitable change detection mechanism able to reveal previously unknown operational states, which are incorporated in the dictionary online. We elaborate on spectrograms extracted from high-resolution ultrasound depth sensor timeseries, while the backbone of the proposed method is a Siamese Neural Network. The experimental scenario considers data representing liquid containers for fuel/water when the following five operational states are present: normal, accident, breakdown, sabotage, and cyber-attack. Thorough experiments were carried out assessing every aspect of the present framework and demonstrating its efficacy even when very few samples per class are available. In addition, we propose a probabilistic data selection scheme facilitating one-shot learning. Last but not least, responding to the wide requirement for interpretable AI, we explain the obtained predictions by examining the layer-wise activation maps.