bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Compliance in Generating Traveling Waves on a Bio-Inspired Flexible Propulsor
Authors: Hess Isabel , Musgrave Patrick 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Body and caudal fin fish, like tuna and eels, are classified on a scale of kinematic modes from thuuniform to anguilliform. What differentiates the thuuniform and anguilliform motion is the relative dominance of standing and traveling waves in their body’s deformation. The anguilliform swimming mode, where a traveling wave is propagated along the body length, is desirable for certain applications of bio-inspired underwater vehicles because of its low-speed efficiency and high maneuverability. In nature, anguilli form swimmers are more flexible and slender than thuuniform fishes. The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between body flexibility, fluid damping, and induced swimming kinematics in a bio-inspired propulsor. A nonlinear electro-hydro-elastic model was derived and a parametric study was conducted over different body stiffness. To find the relative strength of standing and traveling waves in the body deformation the steady-state response was analyzed using orthogonal decomposition. Traveling wave quality was dependent on excitation frequency and the presence of nonlinear fluid damping. A peak in traveling wave quality was induced at the natural frequencies due to significant nonlinear fluid loading. At the first couple natural frequencies, flexible beams had greater overall traveling wave quality, but stiffer beams exhibited a stronger nonlinear response. While future work is needed to examine the high frequency response of flexible structures, the frequency band which maximizes traveling wave quality may identify an optimal regime for passively flexible bio-inspired propulsors.
Towards Meta-Fixture Design for Indirect Electromechanical Impedance Measurements: On the Effects of Elastic Metastructures on Defect Detection Capabilities
Authors: Oyekola Peter O. , Rogers William , Albakri Mohammad I. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electromechanical impedance (EMI) measurements have seen an increased application in the assessment of the structural integrity of manufactured parts. This has allowed for a cost-effective and simple solution to non-destructively evaluate additively manufactured components. EMI-based non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is normally conducted by instrumenting individual parts with piezoelectric wafers. Recently, indirect EMI measurements have been proposed as a rapid NDE solution for manufactured parts. With indirect EMI, manufactured parts are inspected through an instrumented fixture, which alleviates the need for individual part instrumentation, reducing measurement cost and time. EMI signatures obtained for the fixture-part combination are found to be dominated by the fixture’s dynamic response. It is hypothesized that integrating the concepts of elastic metastructures in the fixture design allows for obtaining EMI signatures that are dominated by the part itself, leading to an improved defect detection capability.
This paper investigates the effects of elastic metastructures on EMI signatures and defect-detection capabilities. For this purpose, a set of beams with integrated mechanical resonators are designed and fabricated. Frequency response functions of the beams are then experimentally measured to identify the bandgaps. The EMI signatures of the beam are measured over the frequency range encompassing the beam’s bandgap. This is then compared with the signature obtained when structural changes at the opposing beam end are introduced. The sensitivity of EMI signatures measured over these frequency ranges is then evaluated to assess the impact of bandgap on defect detection capabilities. This work is a first step in investigating the feasibility of eliminating the fixture’s dynamics from the measured EMI signature for indirect EMI-based NDE.
Proteomic Analysis of Zebrafish Protein Recoding via mRNA Editing by ADAR Enzymes
Authors: Nasaev Shamsudin S. , Kopeykina Anna S. , Kuznetsova Ksenia G. , Levitsky Lev I. , Moshkovskii Sergei A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
RNA editing by adenosine deaminases of the ADAR family can lead to protein recoding, since inosine formed from adenosine in mRNA is complementary to cytosine; the resulting codon editing might introduce amino acid substitutions into translated proteins. Proteome recoding can have functional consequences which have been described in many animals including humans. Using protein recoding database derived from publicly available transcriptome data, we identified for the first time the recoding sites in the zebrafish shotgun proteomes. Out of more than a hundred predicted recoding events, ten substitutions were found in six used datasets. Seven of them were in the AMPA glutamate receptor subunits, whose recoding has been well described, and are conserved among vertebrates. Three sites were specific for zebrafish proteins and were found in the transmembrane receptors astrotactin 1 and neuregulin 3b (proteins involved in the neuronal adhesion and signaling) and in the rims2b gene product (presynaptic membrane protein participating in the neurotransmitter release), respectively. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of recoding of the said three proteins in the zebrafish.
Angiotensin receptor blockers for the treatment of covid-19: pragmatic, adaptive, multicentre, phase 3, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jardine Meg J , Kotwal Sradha S , Bassi Abhinav , Hockham Carinna , Jones Mark , Wilcox Arlen , Pollock Carol , Burrell Louise M , McGree James , Rathore Vinay , Jenkins Christine R , Gupta Lalit , Ritchie Angus , Bangi Ashpak , D’Cruz Sanjay , McLachlan Andrew J , Finfer Simon , Cummins Michelle M , Snelling Thomas , Jha Vivekanand 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
To determine whether disrupting the renin angiotensin system with angiotensin receptor blockers will improve clinical outcomes in people with covid-19.

Design
CLARITY was a pragmatic, adaptive, multicentre, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

Setting
17 hospital sites in India and Australia.

Participants
Participants were at least 18 years old, previously untreated with angiotensin receptor blockers, with a laboratory confirmed diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection who had been admitted to hospital for management of covid-19.

Intervention
Oral angiotensin receptor blockers (telmisartan in India) or placebo (1:1) for 28 days.

Main outcome measures
The primary endpoint was covid-19 disease severity using a modified World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale (WHO scale) at day 14. Secondary outcomes were WHO scale scores at day 28, mortality, intensive care unit admission, and respiratory failure. Analyses were evaluated on an ordinal scale in the intention-to-treat population.

Results
Between 3 May 2020 and 13 November 2021, 2930 people were screened for eligibility, with 393 randomly assigned to angiotensin receptor blockers (of which 388 (98.7%) to telmisartan 40 mg/day) and 394 to the control group. 787 participants were randomised: 778 (98.9%) from India and nine (1.1%) from Australia. The median WHO scale score at day 14 was 1 (interquartile range 1-1) in 384 participants assigned angiotensin receptor blockers and 1 (1-1) in 382 participants assigned placebo (adjusted odds ratio 1.51 (95% credible interval 1.02 to 2.23), probability of an odds ratio of >1 (Pr(OR>1)=0.98). WHO scale scores at day 28 showed little evidence of difference between groups (1.02 (0.55 to 1.87), Pr(OR>1)=0.53). The trial was stopped when a prespecified futility rule was met.

Conclusions
In patients admitted to hospital for covid-19, mostly with mild disease, not requiring oxygen, no evidence of benefit, based on disease severity score, was found for treatment with angiotensin receptor blockers, using predominantly 40 mg/day of telmisartan.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04394117
.
Feasibility and potential effects of tai chi for the fatigue-sleep
disturbance-depression symptom cluster in patients with breast cancer:
protocol of a preliminary randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yao Li-Qun , Tan Jing-Yu (Benjamin) , Turner Catherine , Wang Tao 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
The fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster (FSDSC) is
one of the most common and debilitating side effects in patients with
breast cancer (BC) throughout their treatment trajectory. Tai chi has
been supported as a promising non-pharmacological intervention for the
individual symptom relief of cancer-related fatigue, sleep disturbance
and depression. However, relevant evidence of using tai chi for FSDSC
management in patients with BC has been lacking.

Methods
This study will be a two-arm, single-blinded pilot randomised
controlled trial involving an 8-week intervention and a 4-week
follow-up. Seventy-two patients with BC experiencing the FSDSC will be
recruited from two tertiary medical centres in China. The participants
will be randomised to either a tai chi group (n=36) or a control group
(n=36). The participants in the tai chi group will receive an 8-week tai
chi intervention in addition to standard care, while the participants in
the control group will receive standard care only consisting of a
booklet on the self-management of cancer symptoms. The primary outcomes
will include a series of feasibility assessments of the study protocol
in relation to the study’s methodological procedures, including subject
recruitment and follow-up process, completion of study questionnaires
and the feasibility, acceptability and safety of the intervention. The
secondary outcomes will be the clinical outcomes regarding the effects
of tai chi on the FSDSC and quality of life, which will be evaluated by
the Brief Fatigue Inventory, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Functional Assessment of
Cancer Therapy-Breast questionnaires.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethics approval was obtained from relevant sites (H19094, KY2019133,
201932). The findings of the study will be published in peer-reviewed
scientific journals and at conferences.

Trail registration number
NCT04190342; Pre-results
Relevance of assessment items in community paramedicine home visit
programmes: results of a modified Delphi study
Authors: Leyenaar Matthew S , Allana Amir , Sinha Samir K , Nolan Michael , Agarwal Gina , Tavares Walter , Costa Andrew P 
Published: November 2022

Objective
Guidelines for a structured assessment in community paramedicine
home visit programmes have not been established and evidence to inform
their creation is lacking. We sought to investigate the relevance of
assessment items to the practice of community paramedics according to a
pre-established clarity-utility matrix.

Design
We designed a modified-Delphi study consisting of predetermined
thresholds for achieving consensus, number of rounds of for scoring
items, a defined meeting and discussion process, and a sample of
participants that was purposefully representative.

Setting and participants
We established a panel of 26 community paramedics representing 20
municipal paramedic services in Ontario, Canada. The sample represented
a majority of paramedic services within the province that were operating
a community paramedicine home visit programme.

Measures
Drawing from a bank of standardised assessment items grouped
according to domains aligned with the International Classification on
Functioning, Disability, and Health taxonomy, 64 previously pilot-tested
assessment items were scored according to their clarity (being free from
ambiguity and easy to understand) and utility (being valued in care
planning or case management activities). Assessment items covered a
broad range of health, social and environmental domains. To conclude
scoring rounds, assessment items that did not achieve consensus for
relevance to assessment practices were discussed among participants with
opportunities to modify assessment items for subsequent rounds of
scoring.

Results
Resulting from the first round of scoring, 54 assessment items were
identified as being relevant to assessment practices and 3 assessment
items were removed from subsequent rounds. The remaining 7 assessment
items were modified, with some parts removed from the final items that
achieved consensus in the final rounds of scoring.

Conclusion
A broadly representative panel of community paramedics identified
consensus for 61 assessment items that could be included in a
structured, multidomain, assessment instrument for guiding practice in
community paramedicine home visit programmes.

Trail registration number
NCT58273216.
Prospective, randomised, parallel-group, open-label study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IMU-838, in combination with oseltamivir, in adults with COVID-19: theIONICtrial protocol
Authors: Sharma Kavi , Berry Lisa , Vryonis Evangelos , Ali Asad , Lara Beatriz , Noufaily Angela , Parsons Nicholas , Bradley Christopher , Haley Becky , Tabuso Maria , Arasaradnam Ramesh P 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundGlobally, there is a scarcity of effective treatments for SARS-CoV-2 infections (causing COVID-19). Repurposing existing medications may offer the best hope for treating patients with COVID-19 to curb the pandemic. IMU-838 is a dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, which is an effective mechanism for antiviral effects against respiratory viruses. When used synergistically with oseltamivir, therapeutic effects have been observed against influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in rodents. The IMU-838 and Oseltamivir in the Treatment of COVID-19 (IONIC) trial is a randomised controlled trial that will investigate whether time to clinical improvement in patients with COVID-19 is improved following a 14-day course of IMU-838+oseltamivir versus oseltamivir alone.MethodsIONIC trial is an open-label study in which participants will be randomised 1:1 in two parallel arms: the intervention arm (IMU-838+oseltamivir) and the control arm (oseltamivir only). The primary outcome is time to clinical improvement; defined as the time from randomisation to a two-point improvement on WHO ordinal scale; discharge from hospital, or death (whichever occurs first). The study is sponsored by the University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust and funded by LifeArc.DiscussionThe IONIC protocol describes an overarching trial design to provide reliable evidence on the effectiveness of IMU-838 (vidofludimus calcium) when delivered in combination with an antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) (IONIC intervention) for confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection in adult patients receiving usual standard of care.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been independently reviewed and approved by Wales Research Ethics Committee. In addition, required regulatory approvals were received from Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.Trial registration numberEudraCT 2020-001805-21,ISRCTN53038326,NCT04516915.
Risk and response adapted therapy following autologous stem cell transplant in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (RADAR (UK-MRA Myeloma XV Trial): study protocol for a phase II/III randomised controlled trial
Authors: Royle Kara-Louise , Coulson Amy Beth , Ramasamy Karthik , Cairns David A , Hockaday Anna , Quezada Sergio , Drayson Mark , Kaiser Martin , Owen Roger , Auner Holger W , Cook Gordon , Meads David , Olivier Catherine , Barnard Lorna , Lambkin Rhiannon , Paterson Andrea , Dawkins Bryony , Chapman Mike , Pratt Guy , Popat Rakesh , Jackson Graham , Bygrave Ceri , Sive Jonathan , de Tute Ruth , Chantry Andrew , Parrish Christopher , Cook Mark , Asher Samir , Yong Kwee 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMultiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy that accounts for 1%–2% of newly diagnosed cancers.At diagnosis, approximately 20% of patients can be identified, using cytogenetics, to have inferior survival (high-risk). Additionally, standard-risk patients, with detectable disease (minimal residual disease (MRD)-positive) postautologus stem cell transplant (ASCT), fare worse compared with those who do not (MRD-negative). Research is required to determine whether a risk-adapted approach post-ASCT could further improve patient outcomes.MethodsRADAR is a UK, multicentre, risk-adapted, response-guided, open-label, randomised controlled trial for transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients, using combinations of lenalidomide (R), cyclophosphamide (Cy), bortezomib (Bor), dexamethasone (D) and isatuximab (Isa).Participants receive RCyBorD(x4) induction therapy, followed by high-dose melphalan and ASCT. Post-ASCT, there are three pathways as follows:A phase III discontinuation design to assess de-escalating therapy in standard-risk MRD-negative patients. Participants receive 12 cycles of Isa maintenance. Those who remain MRD-negative are randomised to either continue or stop treatment.A phase II/III multiarm multistage design to test treatment strategies for treatment escalation in standard-risk MRD-positive patients. Participants are randomised to either; R, RBorD(x4) +R, RIsa, or RBorIsaD(x4) + RIsa.A phase II design to assess the activity of intensive treatment strategies in high-risk patients. Participants are randomised to RBorD(x4) +R or RBorIsaD(x4) + RIsa.1400 participants will be registered to allow for 500, 450 and 172 participants in each pathway. Randomisations are equal and treatment is given until disease progression or intolerance.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was granted by the London–Central Research Ethics Committee (20/LO/0238) and capacity and capability confirmed by the appropriate local research and development department for each participating centre prior to opening recruitment. Participant informed consent is required before trial registration and reconfirmed post-ASCT. Results will be disseminated by conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberISCRTN46841867.
Evaluating the feasibility, effectiveness and costs of implementing person-centred follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors in four European countries: the PanCareFollowUp Care prospective cohort study protocol
Authors: van Kalsbeek Rebecca J , Korevaar Joke C , Rijken Mieke , Haupt Riccardo , Muraca Monica , Kepák Tomáš , Kepakova Katerina , Blondeel Anne , Boes Stefan , Frederiksen Line E , Essiaf Samira , Winther Jeanette F , Hermens Rosella P M G , Kienesberger Anita , Loonen Jacqueline J , Michel Gisela , Mulder Renée L , O'Brien Kylie B , van der Pal Helena J H , Pluijm Saskia M F , Roser Katharina , Skinner Roderick , Renard Marleen , Uyttebroeck Anne , Follin Cecilia , Hjorth Lars , Kremer Leontien C M 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionLong-term survival after childhood cancer often comes at the expense of late, adverse health conditions. However, survivorship care is frequently not available for adult survivors in Europe. The PanCareFollowUp Consortium therefore developed the PanCareFollowUp Care Intervention, an innovative person-centred survivorship care model based on experiences in the Netherlands. This paper describes the protocol of the prospective cohort study (Care Study) to evaluate the feasibility and the health economic, clinical and patient-reported outcomes of implementing PanCareFollowUp Care as usual care in four European countries.Methods and analysisIn this prospective, longitudinal cohort study with at least 6 months of follow-up, 800 childhood cancer survivors will receive the PanCareFollowUp Care Intervention across four study sites in Belgium, Czech Republic, Italy and Sweden, representing different healthcare systems. The PanCareFollowUp Care Intervention will be evaluated according to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework. Clinical and research data are collected through questionnaires, a clinic visit for multiple medical assessments and a follow-up call. The primary outcome is empowerment, assessed with the Health Education Impact Questionnaire. A central data centre will perform quality checks, data cleaning and data validation, and provide support in data analysis. Multilevel models will be used for repeated outcome measures, with subgroup analysis, for example, by study site, attained age, sex or diagnosis.Ethics and disseminationThis study will be conducted in accordance with the guidelines of Good Clinical Practice and the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol has been reviewed and approved by all relevant ethics committees. The evidence and insights gained by this study will be summarised in a Replication Manual, also including the tools required to implement the PanCareFollowUp Care Intervention in other countries. This Replication Manual will become freely available through PanCare and will be disseminated through policy and press releases.Trial registration numberNetherlands Trial Register (NL8918;https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8918).
In-depth look into urban and rural disparities in prehospital delay in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and its impact on prognosis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Shen Changxian , Li Chengzong , Wang Jin , Yin Jianrong , Lou Peian , Wang Zhirong , Lu Yuan , Yang Yu , Li Mingfang , Chen Minglong 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesIn line with the cardiac fast track, the ‘green pathway for patients with heart attack’ policy in China is implemented to reduce door-to-balloon time in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, the difference in prehospital delay between urban and rural areas of China and its impact on prognosis is unclear.DesignProspective observational study.SettingThis study was conducted in a tertiary hospital, the only nationally accredited chest pain centre with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capacity in Pizhou, China.Participants394 patients with STEMI without patients with in-hospital STEMI or patients lost to follow-up were included.Primary outcome measuresPrimary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and heart failure.ResultsAmong 394 patients enrolled, 261 (66.2%) were men, the median age was 69 years (interquartile range: 61–77 years), and 269 (68.3%) were from rural areas. Symptom-to-door (S2D) time was significantly longer for rural patients than for urban patients (p<0.001). Cox regression analyses revealed living in rural areas was independently associated with prolonged S2D time (adjusted HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.43 to 0.81; p=0.001). HR of <1 indicates that the S2D time is longer for patients in the rural group (group of interest). During 1-year follow-up, the incidence of MACEs was higher in rural patients (p=0.008). The unadjusted OR for MACEs between rural and urban patients was 2.22 (95% CI 1.22 to 4.01). Adjusting for sex did not attenuate the association (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.13 to 3.76), but after further adjusting for age, cardiac function classification, S2D time and performance of primary PCI, we found that odds were similar for rural and urban patients (OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.59 to 2.38).ConclusionsRural patients with STEMI had a longer S2D time, which led to a higher incidence of MACEs. This study provides rationales for taking all the measures to avoid prehospital delay.