bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
دراسة تاريخية لمشاركة الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي من ذوي الإعاقة العقلية بألعاب القوى والانجازات المتحققة إقليميا (2002- 2018) م
Authors: سجى صباح هادي  , زينب علي عبد الامير  
Published: June 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى دراسة تاريخ الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي لألعاب القوى، وارشفة مشاركة الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي بألعاب القوى في الألعاب الإقليمية للمدة (2002-2018)م، وارشفة وتحليل الإنجازات المتحققة للأولمبياد الخاص العراقي بألعاب القوى في الألعاب الإقليمية للمدة (2002-2018)م، توثيق اسماء واعداد لاعبيّ ومدربيّ الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي لألعاب القوى في الألعاب الإقليمية للمدة (2002-2018)م، واعتمدت الباحثتان المنهج التاريخي الاستنباطي والتحليلي لملائمته وطبيعة المشكلة، كما اعتمدت الباحثتان في جمع البيانات والمعلومات والنتائج على عدد من المقابلات الشخصية مع اداريّ الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي وفق استمارة استبانة غير مقننة أعدت لهذا الجانب، واستعانت الباحثتان في الجانب النظري بعدد من المراجع الخاصة بمشكلة الدراسة، فضلا عن بعض وثائق اتحاد الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي، وشمل مجتمع الدراسة وعينتها لاعبي واداري الاولمبياد الخاص العراقي المشاركين في الألعاب الإقليمية بألعاب القوى للمدة (2002-2018)، وخرجت الباحثتان بجملة من الاستنتاجات: أن المشاركة في البطولات الإقليمية بألعاب القوى لذوي الإعاقة العقلية كانت بمستوى جيد نوعا ما قياسا بقوة الفرق المشاركة والإمكانيات المتوفرة لهم، كما إن غالبية الانجازات المتحققة اقتصرت على فعاليات الأركاض باختلاف مسافاتها وأنواعها، وهذا دليل على اعتماد اللاعبين على قدراتهم البدنية كون هذه الفعاليات لا تحتاج إلى اجهزة وأدوات خاصة في التدريب والمنافسة، وهنا تظهر لنا ارادة ذوي الاعاقة العقلية في تحقيق ذواتهم والشعور بالنجاح وبالقيمة الإنسانية مساواة بأقرانهم من الأسوياء، واوصت الباحثتان بعدد من التوصيات كان اهمها : من الأهمية أن يتم الاهتمام بتوثيق المشاركات والانجازات المتحققة لذوي الاعاقة العقلية بصورة مستمرة ومفصلة عن طريق سجلات تحفظ في اتحاد الأولمبياد الخاص العراقي تضم أسماء ونتائج اللاعبين وكل ما يخص البطولات الإقليمية والدولية وزيادة الاهتمام بالدراسات التاريخية لمختلف الفعاليات والحقب الزمنية
اثر تمرينات تنافسية على إنزيم (LDH) وبعض المهارات الهجومية لدى لاعبي كرة السلة للشباب
Authors: محمد كاظم عاشور  
Published: June 2022

وتعد كرة السلة من الأنشطة الرياضية التي اصبح لها مكانة متميزة في جميع دول العالم كونها تعد أنموذجا جيدا للألعاب الجماعية التي يتسم لاعبيها بالعديد من القدرات البدنية والمهارية والوظيفية والخططية والنفسية إضافة إلى الاستعداد الدائم للتصرف في كل موقف من اجل تحقيق الفوز . كما أن لها مردودا بدنيا وتربويا للفرد لما تمتاز به من شمول في الحركة والمهارة ولما تغرسه في الفرد من صفات نفسية واجتماعية وخلقية وغيرها فضلاً عن أن طرائق اللعب في كرة السلة, تعتمد أساساً على ما يتمتع به اللاعبين من قدرات بدنية ومهارية ووظيفية ونفسية . وتكمن أهمية البحث في إعداد تمرينات تنافسية على إنزيم (LDH) وبعض المهارات الهجومية لدى لاعبي كرة السلة للشباب , فضلاً عن معرفة في تطوير متغيرات البحث، اما مشكلة البحث فقد تجلت في ملاحظة الباحث الى وجود انخفاض في المستوى المهاري والوظيفي لدى اللاعبين لذا ارتأى ,الباحث إعداد تمرينات تنافسية على مدى تأثيرهما في تطوير بعض المتغيرات المهارية والوظيفية الخاصة بكرة السلة على عينة من لاعبي شباب منتخب محافظة ميسان الرياضي فضلاً عن معرفة الفرق في تطوير متغيرات البحث واعتمد،الباحث المنهج التجريبي بالمجموعة الواحدة ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي وذلك لملائمته لأهداف البحث إذ شملت عينة البحث ( 12 لاعباً ) لمجموعة واحده هم لاعبي منتخب محافظة ميسان اما ظهور تطور في نتائج الاختبار البعدي في قيم مؤشرات حامض انزيم ديهايدروجين LDH وقد استنتج الباحث ظهور تطور في نتائج الاختبار البعدي في قيم مؤشرات : انزيم ديهايدروجين (LDH) وتحسن الاداء المهاري المهارات كرة السلة على للشباب، وزيادة نتيجة.وأوصى الباحث العمل على بناء مناهج تدريبية على وفق الأسس البيو كيميائية لعينة اخرى، فضلاً عن معرفة الأثر التجريبي لها وتأثير المنهج الموضوع من قبل المدرب في اللاعبين.ضرورة اجراء الفحوصات للانزيم ديهايدروجين (LDH) كل دائرة تدريبية متوسطة او كل دائرتين متوسطتين لمتابعة الحالة الصحية للاعبي كرة السلة على للشباب
SOSYAL MEDYA ETKİLEYİCİLERİ ARACILIĞIYLA YAPILAN REKLAMLARIN HAKSIZ REKABET KAPSAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: GÜNGÜNEŞ ŞAHİN Hilal Betül 
Published: June 2022

Sosyal medya kullanımının artması geleneksel reklamcılık yöntemleri yerine sosyal medya reklamcılığı gibi modern reklamcılık yöntemlerinin tercih edilmesine neden olmuştur. Sosyal medya reklamcılığı zaman ve mekân kısıtlamasının bulunmaması, etkili olması, hedef kitlenin belirlenebilir olması nedenleriyle işletmeler tarafından tercih edilmektedir.
Sosyal medya reklamcılığında en çok tercih edilen reklamcılık yöntemlerinden birisi sosyal medya etkileyicileri aracılığıyla yapılan reklamlardır. Sosyal medya etkileyicileri, sosyal medya platformlarında yüksek sayıda takipçisi bulunan ve takipçi kitlesini etkileme yeteneğine sahip sosyal medya kullanıcılarıdır. Sosyal medya etkileyicileri tarafından yapılan reklamların çokluğu bu reklamların hukuken değerlendirilmesi ihtiyacını doğurmuştur.
Çalışmamızda öncelikle temel olarak reklam, sosyal medya ve sosyal medya etkileyicisi kavramları incelenecek sonrasında ise sosyal medya etkileyicileri aracılığıyla yapılan reklamlar haksız rekabet düzenlemeleri kapsamında değerlendirilecektir.
NEW FACE OF INDIAN WOMEN IN ARUNDHATI ROY’S THE GOD OF SMALL THINGS
Authors: Islam Jahirul 
Published: June 2022

This study explores the design of female portrayal and their journey from submissiveness to independence within the subjugation of male-dominated India which makes space for women and enables them to grow as new faces. It can be described as a new face of self-awareness for female characters that will ultimately facilitate their journey on the path to self-independence. The study scrutinizes the novel The God of Small Things (1997) through female characters who are curving emancipation in the realm of patriarchal oppression. Most Indian women face current risks stemming from traditional gender roles. The worst social and economic conditions for Indian women were described in this way by Arundhati Roy. As a divorced woman, the life of Ammu with her parents and brother was not comfortable, and they treated her and her children in an awful way. Instead of these ill-treatments, some women desire to be emancipated from existing prejudiced social norms. The study forms a pragmatic combination with feminist theory that seeks to understand the response to the subjugated obstacle of patriarchal society posed by female characters. The protagonist expresses her anger and frustration at the difficulties they face in maintaining the boundaries of social space in which they can make limited progress. The study examines how the female characters eventually become emancipated by their self-consciousness and how female characters emerged as new icons in the subjugated patriarchal society.
Mesh Moving Methods in Flow Computations with the Space–Time and Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian Methods
Authors: Takizawa Kenji , Bazilevs Yuri , Tezduyar Tayfun E. 
Published: June 2022

A good mesh moving method is an important part of ﬂow computations with moving-mesh methods like the space–time (ST) and Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods. With a good mesh moving method, we can decrease the remeshing frequency even when the ﬂuid–solid and ﬂuid–ﬂuid interfaces undergo large displacements, decrease the element distortion in parts of the ﬂow domain where we care about the solution accuracy more, and maintain the quality of the boundary layer meshes near the ﬂuid–solid interfaces as the mesh moves to follow those interfaces. Since 1990, quite a few good mesh moving methods have been developed for use with the ST computational methods, from the mesh Jacobian-based stiﬀening to a mesh moving method based on fiber-reinforced hyperelasticity to a linear-elasticity mesh moving method with no cycle-to-cycle accumulated distortion. These methods have been used in computation of many complex ﬂow problems in the categories of ﬂuid–particle interaction, ﬂuid–structure interaction, and more generally, moving boundaries and interfaces. The computations were with both the ST and ALE methods. We provide an overview of these methods and present examples of the computations performed.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Materialismo histórico-dialético e a transformação da realidade
Authors: Bressan Édio Luís , Brzezinski Iria 
Published: June 2022

O objeto deste artigo é o Materialismo Histórico-Dialético. O problema de pesquisa é analisar a possibilidade de esse método transformar a realidade. O objetivo é discutir a dialética como método, que busca a transformação da realidade. A pesquisa é bibliográfica e realizada com base nas ideias de teóricos que refletiram sobre os aspectos históricos do Materialismo Dialético. Os conceitos básicos desse método fundamentaram a pesquisa. Investigaram-se os contextos históricos, a arte do diálogo, as contradições e as ideias no interior da mente humana. No platonismo, a teologia condenou a dialética. Na Idade Moderna, a dialética foi considerada inútil. No Renascimento a organização democrática, desenvolveu a plenitude do homem. Foram analisadas, também, a dialética, a concepção de homem, de sociedade e de relações de produção. A práxis definida como a verdade sobre a realidade expressa nas ações dos homens, que transformam e produzem a própria história. A teoria e a prática tornam-se indissociáveis. A totalidade, o movimento, a qualidade e a luta dos contrários são conceitos dialéticos construídos nas relações sociais. As categorias da dialética são inacabadas e foram desenvolvidas na ciência moderna. A fidelidade do pesquisador conduz a pesquisa para atingir a estrutura do objeto. O método dialético suscita a realização de pesquisas que vislumbrem a transformação da realidade, por meio de mudanças reais e conscientes.
Hybridité et discours de déconstruction du mythe de Félix Houphouët-Boigny dans 'Le tyran éternel' de Patrick Grainville
Authors: N'Gatta Severin 
Published: June 2022

Dans le récit Le tyran éternel du romancier français Patrick Grainville, deux énonciateurs-observateurs déploient deux discours radicalement opposés sur le mythe politico-héroïque de Félix Houphouët-Boigny. D’un côté, l’écrivain fictif Sylvanus Adé présente les « mots-fantasmes » de Yamoussoukro et de l’Albinos respectivement sur les isotopies de l’hybridation pervertie et de l’amour. De l’autre, Houphouët-Boigny présente ces mêmes notions sur les isotopies respectives de l’hybridation parfaite et de la haine. Cette opposition de perception trahit la volonté auctoriale de déconstruire le mythe de Félix Houphouët-Boigny. Trois moments caractérisent cette déconstruction : la reproduction du mythe houphouétiste, la distorsion biographique et la production d’un mythe de substitution, en l’occurrence le mythe de l’Albinos.
Antagonistic Potential of Lophophora williamsii, Vinca minor and Hydrastis canadensis against Dental Caries Associated Bacteria
Authors: Ahmad Hafiz Muhammad , Ali Iftikhar , Zaman Anila , Hafeez Muhammad Mansoor 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Dental caries is a bacterial illness that causes localized disintegration and loss of calcified components in the teeth. Different plant extracts have been used to assess the anti-bacterial activity against the pathogens known to induced dental caries.
Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the antibacterial potential of Lophophora williamsii, Vinca minor, and Hydrastis canadensis against dental caries associated bacteria. Methodology: The antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Lophophora williamsii (LW), Vinca minor (VM), and Hydrastis Canadensis (HC) was studied. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Staphylococcus aureus were the bacteria employed (S. aureus). The disk diffusion method was used to determine the tendency of bacterial strains towards the two extracts.
Results: S. pyogenes and S. aureus were the most susceptible bacteria, whereas P. aeruginosa was the least susceptible. The methanol extracts of Vinca minor (VM) and Hydrastis Canadensis (HC) had the highest antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes and S. aureus, whereas the aqueous extract of Lophophora williamsii (LW) had the lowest antibacterial activity against (L. acidophilus) and (L. acidophilus) (P. aeruginosa). Methanolic extracts of almost all materials outperformed aqueous extracts in suppressing pathogenic bacteria growth but were less effective than ciprofloxacin extracts used as positive controls. All of the samples had saponins, according to phytochemical analysis. Vinca minor and Hydrastis Canadensis had alkaloids, while Lophophora williamsii contained flavonoids. Only Vinca minor and Hydrastis Canadensis contained tannins, respectively.
Conclusion: Methanolic extracts of practically all materials suppressed pathogenic bacteria growth better than aqueous extracts, although not as well as ciprofloxacin extracts used as positive controls. Plant herbal blends have made major contributions to human health and well-being; as a result, plants have long been seen as a source of hope for novel therapeutic compounds.
Consensus-Based Guidance on Opioid Management in Individuals With Advanced Cancer-Related Pain and Opioid Misuse or Use Disorder
Authors: Fitzgerald Jones Katie , Khodyakov Dmitry , Arnold Robert , Bulls Hailey , Dao Emily , Kapo Jennifer , Meier Diane , Paice Judith , Liebschutz Jane , Ritchie Christine , Merlin Jessica 
Published: June 2022

ImportanceOpioid misuse and opioid use disorder (OUD) are important comorbidities in people with advanced cancer and cancer-related pain, but there is a lack of consensus on treatment.ObjectiveTo develop consensus among palliative care and addiction specialists on the appropriateness of various opioid management strategies in individuals with advanced cancer-related pain and opioid misuse or OUD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsFor this qualitative study, using ExpertLens, an online platform and methodology for conducting modified Delphi panels, between August and October 2020, we conducted 2 modified Delphi panels to understand the perspectives of palliative and addiction clinicians on 3 common clinical scenarios varying by prognosis (weeks to months vs months to years). Of the 129 invited palliative or addiction medicine specialists, 120 participated in at least 1 round. A total of 84 participated in all 3 rounds.Main Outcomes and MeasuresConsensus was investigated for 3 clinical scenarios: (1) a patient with a history of an untreated opioid use disorder, (2) a patient taking more opioid than prescribed, and (3) a patient using nonprescribed benzodiazepines.ResultsParticipants were mostly women (47 [62%]), White (94 (78 [65%]), and held MD/DO degrees (115 [96%]). For a patient with untreated OUD, regardless of prognosis, it was deemed appropriate to begin treatment with buprenorphine/naloxone and inappropriate to refer to a methadone clinic. Beginning split-dose methadone was deemed appropriate for patients with shorter prognoses and of uncertain appropriateness for those with longer prognoses. Beginning a full opioid agonist was deemed of uncertain appropriateness for those with a short prognosis and inappropriate for those with a longer prognosis. Regardless of prognosis, for a patient with no medical history of OUD taking more opioids than prescribed, it was deemed appropriate to increase monitoring, inappropriate to taper opioids, and of uncertain appropriateness to increase the patient’s opioids or transition to buprenorphine/naloxone. For a patient with a urine drug test positive for non-prescribed benzodiazepines, regardless of prognosis, it was deemed appropriate to increase monitoring, inappropriate to taper opioids and prescribe buprenorphine/naloxone.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this qualitative study provide urgently needed consensus-based guidance for clinicians and highlight critical research and policy gaps.
Low‐Dimensional Semiconductor Material‐Based Optoelectronic Devices and Their Applications
Authors: Retamal José Ramón Durán 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Over the past three decades, bottom‐up low‐dimensional semiconductor materials became a high class of materials owing to their superior electronic and optical properties than their bulk counterparts. Accordingly, semiconducting nanostructures have gained a great deal of attention as building blocks for multifunctional optoelectronic devices that control all aspects of light, ranging from absorption, propagation, emission to modulation. Therefore, the article gives a comprehensive review of the intriguing properties of distinct nanostructured semiconducting materials ranging from silicon, III–V compounds, metal oxides, halide perovskites, carbon nanotubes to two‐dimensional (2D) transitional metal dichalcogenides. More specifically, we explore the size dependence, quantum‐confinement effects, structural phase, material composition, surface effects, high surface‐to‐volume ratio, radial or axial structures, 2D in‐plane and out‐of‐plane structures, junction type, energy band alignment, and graded refractive index profile, among others. Accordingly, we next look on how to exploit such properties to build high‐performance optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, photodetectors, waveguides, LEDs, and lasers. Special emphasis is given to nanowire‐based plasmonic lasers for their ability to deliver subwavelength coherent light at the nanoscale. Finally, we survey a large number of applications to display the great potential of semiconducting nanostructures toward the next generation of photonic‐integrated circuits and quantum devices.
Tailoring Coordination Microenvironment of Cu(I) in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhancing Electroreduction of CO2to CH4
Authors: Zhang Ya , Zhou Qiang , Qiu Zhao‐Feng , Zhang Xiao‐Yu , Chen Jia‐Qi , Zhao Yue , Gong Feng , Sun Wei‐Yin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe coordination microenvironment of metal active sites in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) plays a crucial role in its performance for electrochemical CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR). However, it remains a challenge to clarify the structure–performance relationship for CO2RR catalyzed by MOFs. Herein, a series of MOFs with different coordination microenvironments of Cu(I) sites (CuCl, CuBr, and CuI) to evaluate their performances for CO2RR is synthesized. With the increasing radius of halogen atom, the CO2adsorption capacity increases and d‐band center of Cu positively shifts to the Fermi level, leading to enhance the selectivity of CO2to CH4conversion. CuI gives the highest total Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 83.2%, with a FE of CH4up to 57.2% and CH4partial current density of 60.7 mA cm−2at −1.08 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. Theoretical calculations reveal that the shifted d‐band center of Cu site contributes to reduced formation energies of *CH2O and *CH3O intermediates, which is the potential‐determining step of CO2RR and thus facilitates the electrocatalytic CO2reduction to CH4. This study opens a new avenue for studying the relationship between the coordination microenvironment of active site and electroreduction reaction performance of MOFs.
Vapor Lubrication for Reducing Water and Ice Adhesion on Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Brushes
Authors: Li Shuai , Hou Youmin , Kappl Michael , Steffen Werner , Liu Jie , Butt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFast removal of small water drops from surfaces is a challenging issue in heat transfer, water collection, or anti‐icing. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) brushes show good prospects to reach this goal because of their low adhesion to liquids. To further reduce adhesion of water drops, here, the surface to the vapor of organic solvents such as toluene or n‐hexane is exposed. In the presence of such vapors, water drops slide at lower tilt angle and move faster. This is mainly caused by the physisorption of vapor and swelling of the PDMS brushes, which serves as a lubricating layer. Enhanced by the toluene vapor lubrication, the limit departure volume of water drop on PDMS brushes decreases by one order of magnitude compared to that in air. As a result, the water harvesting efficiency in toluene vapor increases by 65%. Benefits of vapor lubrication are further demonstrated for de‐icing: driven by gravity, frozen water drops slide down the vertical PDMS brush surface in the presence of vapor.
A Dual‐Responsive Magnetoactive and Electro–Ionic Soft Actuator Derived from a Nickel‐Based Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Mahato Manmatha , Hwang Won‐Jun , Tabassian Rassoul , Oh Saewoong , Nguyen Van Hiep , Nam Sanghee , Kim Ji‐Seok , Yoo Hyunjoon , Taseer Ashhad Kamal , Lee Myung‐Joon , Zhang Huapeng , Song Tae‐Eun , Oh Il‐Kwon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is growing demand for multiresponsive soft actuators for the realization of natural, safe, and complex motions in robotic interactions. In particular, soft actuators simultaneously stimulated by electrical and magnetic fields are always under development owing to their simple controllability and reliability during operation. Herein, magnetically and electrically driven dual‐responsive soft actuators (MESAs) derived from novel nickel‐based metal–organic frameworks (Ni‐MOFs‐700C), are reported. Nanoscale Ni‐MOFs‐700C has excellent electrochemical and magnetic properties that allow it to be used as a multifunctional material under both magnetoactive and electro‐ionic actuations. The dual‐responsive MESA exhibits a bending displacement of 30 mm and an ultrafast rising time of 1.5 s under a very low input voltage of 1 V and also exerts a bending deflection of 12.5 mm at 50 mT under a high excitation frequency of 5 Hz. By utilizing a dual‐responsive MESA, the hovering motion of a hummingbird robot is demonstrated under magnetic and electrical stimuli.
Organic Hole‐Transport Layers for Efficient, Stable, and Scalable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yao Yiguo , Cheng Caidong , Zhang Chenyang , Hu Hanlin , Wang Kai , De Wolf Stefaan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHole‐transporting layers (HTLs) are an essential component in inverted, p–i–n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) where they play a decisive role in extraction and transport of holes, surface passivation, perovskite crystallization, device stability, and cost. Currently, the exploration of efficient, stable, highly transparent and low‐cost HTLs is of vital importance for propelling p–i–n PSCs toward commercialization. Compared to their inorganic counterparts, organic HTLs offer multiple advantages such as a tunable bandgap and energy level, easy synthesis and purification, solution processability, and overall low cost. Here, recent progress of organic HTLs, including conductive polymers, small molecules, and self‐assembled monolayers, as utilized in inverted PSCs is systematically reviewed and summarized. Their molecular structure, hole‐transport properties, energy levels, and relevant device properties and resulting performances are presented and analyzed. A summary of design principles and a future outlook toward highly efficient organic HTLs in inverted PSCs is proposed. This review aims to inspire further innovative development of novel organic HTLs for more efficient, stable, and scalable inverted PSCs.