bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buffering effects of social security benefits for persons with psychiatric disability on caregivers’ burden and quality of life
Authors: Majhi Gobinda , Vasava Tejas Fatesinghbhai 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Out-of-pocket mental health care expenditure has a catastrophic impact on the families living with severe mental illness, with high levels of burden and poor quality of life.

Aim:
The present study aims to understand the buffering effects of social security benefits for persons with psychiatric disability on caregivers’ burden and quality of life.

Methodology:
Two groups of caregivers of people with severe mental illnesses, those receiving disability benefits (n = 100) for the past 6 months and those who were not receiving any benefits (n = 72), were recruited from the out-patient follow-up services. Both the groups were assessed with the Burden Assessment Scale (BAS) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHO QoL-Bref).

Result:
Those who were receiving the disability-related social benefits had reported better quality of life only in psychological and social domains. The maximum value of Pearson’s correlation coefficient was observed between physical and psychological domains (r = 0.12; not significant), and the values did not change even after controlling for the social security status.

Discussion:
The current study did not find full support for buffering effects of social security benefits on caregivers’ quality of life. Thus, there is a need for a comprehensive plan for social security benefits, especially for persons with psychiatric disability, as caregivers are already experiencing high levels of financial stress.
Prognostic utility of cardiovascular indices in COVID-19 infection: A single-center prospective study in India
Authors: Lakhani Aisha , Laturkar Nikhil , Dhok Avinash , Mitra Kajal 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Cardiac signs can show illness progression and severity in a number of respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. The possible importance of CT findings in the prognosis and result of COVID-19 patients is related to the severity of lung disease and cardiac parameters. The CT-assessed cardiac indices are known for predicting the involvement of extent of diseases. Hence, the objective of this study was to correlate the extent of cardiovascular and respiratory involvement in predicting the severity of disease using CT-assessed cardiac indices in Indian population suffering from COVID-19.

Methodology:
A total of 120 COVID-19 patients were included following the inclusion criteria for one year. The confounding factors were assessed and analyzed. The correlation between the cumulative hazard function of death and duration in hospital along with survival rate were done in terms of pulmonary artery-to-aorta ratio (PA/A), and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR).

Results:
The analysis showed mean age of patients to be 49.5(±15.32) years in which mean females were 38(±31.7) and males were 82(±68.3). The interquartile range of CT severity was 8. The PA/A ratio in discharged patients was 0.85 when compared to deceased patients with 1.03 having statistically significant inference (P = 0.00). The CTR (P = 0.00), epicardial adipose thickness (P = 0.00), epicardial adipose density (P = 0.00), and D-dimer (P = 0.007) were showing statistically significant inference.

Conclusion:
The predictive values of CT-assessed cardiac indices might be used for predicting the involvement of cardiovascular and respiratory involvement in COVID-19 patients. It could have an impact on improving the possibilities of survival of patients suffering from COVID-19 in India.
Vaccination and COVID-19 infection among adults aged 45 years and above in a North-Eastern state of India
Authors: Vanlalduhsaki  , Roy Swagnik , Laldinmawii Gracy , Patki Swati M. , Sundaram Shanthosh P. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
In response to this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccines reaching the predetermined levels of safety and efficacy were rolled out for use under emergency use approval/listing (EUA/EUL). The government of India has introduced three vaccines for emergency use as of today.

Aim:
The study was conducted to evaluate the association between the Covishield vaccine and COVID-19 infection among adults (≥45 years) who undergo reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) COVID-19 testing.

Methods:
The study was conducted in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in a north-eastern state of India among adults aged 45 years and above, who underwent RT-PCR testing. Cases were those who tested positive for RT-PCR and controls were those who were RT-PCR negative during the same period. A structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data pertaining to socio-demographic profile, symptoms of COVID-19, vaccination status, co-morbidities, etc. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) to find the association between vaccination and COVID-19 infection.

Results:
A total of 116 participants, 45 years and above were interviewed in the study. It was found that cases were more likely to have symptoms (48% vs. 6.9%, P value = <0.005) and have history of positive family member (89.7% vs. 72.4%, P value = 0.018) than controls. The odds of having COVID-19 infection were OR 12.60 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.03-39.34) for those that have symptoms and OR 6.07 (95% CI 1.90-19.34) for unvaccinated individuals.

Conclusions:
Covishield vaccine protected individuals against COVID-19 infection with the risk of getting the infection being significantly lower in vaccinated individuals. Relevance for Patients: COVID-19 vaccination prevents the infection and addresses misconceptions about the vaccine.
Low-dose ketamine as an analgesic agent in the emergency department: Efficacy and safety
Authors: Parvizrad Ramin , Nikfar Somayeh 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Interest in using low-dose ketamine (LDK) as an alternative analgesic to manage acute pain in the emergency department (ED) has increased. The aim of this systematic review was to compare and evaluate the analgesic effect and safety of LDK for the management of acute pain in the ED.

Method:
Databases were searched and all published articles that met the inclusion criteria were used. Electronic research was conducted on a total of 85 articles, and 13 articles that were relevant in terms of content, topic, and aim were selected for further review. The studies were analyzed and categorized after review.

Results:
The results demonstrated that in 53.84% (7 of 13) of articles, a significant reduction or more than 50% reduction in pain in the group of patients treated with ketamine (alone or combined with other analgesics) was reported. However, in 46.15% (6 out of 13) of the reviewed articles, no significant difference was observed between the pain reduction in the groups treated with ketamine alone and ketamine with other analgesics. The highest decrease in numerical rating scale (NRS) score was 6 and the lowest was 1. There was also a 100% reduction in NRS score in 14 of 30 patients treated with 0.15 mg/kg ketamine and 0.5 mg/kg hydromorphone.

Conclusion:
According to the results of the present study, the use of LDK as an analgesic with low side effects can be suggested. However, further research is needed to determine the appropriate concentration with fewer side effects.
Trends of drug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics to combat the COVID-19 pandemic: Experience from a super-speciality institute of Northern India
Authors: Sahu Chinmoy , Singh Sweta , Pathak Ashutosh , Patel Sangram Singh , Ghoshal Ujjala , Singh Uday Shanker , Hashim Zia 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is purely a viral illness which is not affected by the usage of antibiotics, but the risk of development of secondary bacterial infections during the course of respiratory illness or hospitalisation has led to a surge of antibiotic use. Anti-microbial resistance has taken an upward trend to some of the commonly used or over-used antibiotics. The present study was planned to focus on the trends of resistance rates noticed for the common antibiotics, namely, doxycycline, azithromycin, and so on, before and after the advent of this pandemic.

Material and Methods:
The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital of North India with 2000 samples, 1000 samples between March 2019 and March 2020 before the COVID pandemic and 1000 samples between April 2020 and April 2021 after the advent of the pandemic. Identification and zones for doxycycline and erythromycin were interpreted as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.

Results:
Among the various samples, pus/aspirated fluids were in majority (47%), followed by blood (29%), respiratory specimens (18%), and urine (6%). On stratifying the various pathogens associated with the treatment of doxycycline and erythromycin, Staphylococcus species were the predominant ones in almost 82% of the cases, followed by Enterococcus (12%) and Streptococcus (6%) species. For doxycycline, the overall sensitivity was noted to be 46% in the year 2019–20 and 31% in the year 2020–21, whereas for erythromycin, the sensitivity was seen as 39% in 2019–20 and dropped down to 26% in 2020–21.

Conclusions:
The authors noted a dip in the overall sensitivity towards doxycycline and azithromycin. This finding clearly indicates the increasing rates of antibiotic resistance in a developing country such as India during these COVID times. A proper anti-microbial stewardship programme during these times will help to de-escalate the increasing resistance rates and will prove to be of great help to the primary care physicians.
Analyzing COVID-19 mortality in Ernakulam district of Kerala: A retrospective review of death reports
Authors: Rohini C , Kuriakose Serin , Philip Shoba , Sreedevi S 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
COVID19 pandemic caused considerable mortality and had a huge impact on the health system and the world economy. In this context, it is important to characterize the demographic and clinical features of the fatal cases and to have a basic understanding on the additional burden caused by COVID19 on the health care system.

Methods:
Mortality reports of 408 patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in Ernakulam district during the period of 28th March 2020 - the day which reported the first COVID19 death in the district- till 28 February 2021 were collected using a uniform reporting format prepared by the district COVID19 surveillance unit.

Results:
Out of the 408 fatal cases 260 (64%) were males. The mean age of the cases was 69 years (SD:12, IQR:16-102 years). 31% (n=124) of the patients were admitted to more than one facility for treatment before the death. The median duration between the documented date of onset of symptoms to death was 11 days (IQR:0-46). Mean duration between the onset of COVID19 suspected symptoms to the collection of samples for laboratory test was 3 days and the duration up to the admission to a treatment facility was 4.5 days. The median duration between the admission to a facility and death was 7 days (mean 10, SD:7) with a range 0 to 40 days. The mean duration of hospital stay was 10 days for females and 8.5 days for males. Most frequent symptom at presentation was breathlessness 50% (n=211), followed by fever 43% (n=179). 96% of the cases were reported to have any comorbidity and among those most common was Diabetes mellitus and stroke 60%, followed by Hypertension 54%. However, there was no significant difference in duration of hospital stay and survival period across age group, sex or number of comorbidities which may need further analysis.

Conclusion:
6 out of 10 of the fatal cases were males and the mean age was 69 years, Though the mean age was similar for both sexes, median age was slightly higher for females. The proportion was found increasing as the age advanced. One third of the patients were admitted and treated at more than one facility and moreover 6 out of 10 utilized government facilities for treatment. Median duration of survival was 11 days while the median duration of hospital stay was 10 days. Symptomatology was found similar to cases reported worldwide. More than 9 out of 10 had reported at least one comorbidity and the most frequent comorbidities reported were Diabetes mellitus and Cerebrovascular accident. Most frequently observed combination was of a triad of Hypertension-Diabetes-Stroke. This data is of prime importance as Kerala is at an advanced level of epidemiological transition and demographic transition compared to other Indian states and emerging infections like COVI19 could be a double burden to the community.
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 on glycemic control in post-COVID-19 diabetic patients
Authors: Yadaiah Keerthi Bapanpally , Shah Chirali , Cheryala Vikram , Gali Jayasri Helen , Kishore Saritha K. , Kumar Ravi , Gunturu Haritha , Sushmita G 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Aim:
To study the clinicodemographic profile, outcomes, and post-COVID change in glycemic control among treated COVID-19-infected patients with poorly controlled or well-controlled diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods:
Adult COVID-19-infected patients who tested positive with rapid antigen test or RT-PCR admitted were included in this prospective observational study. Patients were divided into well-controlled and poorly controlled diabetes group based on HbA1c values at admission. Telephonic follow-up and HbA1c estimation was done after three months. Clinical and laboratory investigations performed were compared between both groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality risk in both well-controlled and poorly controlled COVID-19 patients with DM was done by Cox proportional hazard models.

Results:
Out of 260 patients, 140 (53.84%) and 120 (46.15%) were poorly and well-controlled diabetics respectively. One hundred sixty-three patients (62.69%) were male, and the mean age was 52.67 ± 15.69 years. Severity, duration of hospital stay, steroid duration, insulin requirement and mean HbA1C, both at admission and after three months, were significantly higher in poorly controlled group than the well-controlled group (P < 0.005). With increase in age, the HR for all-cause mortality increased by 1.15 times (95% CI, 1.05–1.25; P = 0.0025) in well-controlled than poorly controlled group, whereas with increase in FBS at admission, the HR for all-cause mortality increased by 1.03 times in poorly controlled than well-controlled group (95% CI, 1.01–1.06; P = 0.0044).

Conclusion:
Our results show that well-controlled blood glucose levels or improved glycemic control are associated with a better outcome in patients with COVID-19 and pre-existing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Knowledge and attitude of dental students toward HIV infection in Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abiadh Ammar Ali S. , Jabali Mahmood A. , Sahal Rayan M. , Alzahrani Turki A. , Nassar Afnan A. , Marghalani Abdullah A. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
Immunodeficiency virus infection is a major health crisis. It can spread to other people by transmission of the body fluid. The knowledge about this viral infection can aid in preventing its transmission and help in delivering successful dental care to these patients.

Aims:
To evaluate the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related knowledge and attitude of dental students and also to compare knowledge and attitude between a student’s gender and different clinical levels (second, third vs. fourth to seventh years).

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental students at the college of dentistry in Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah, KSA.

Methods and Material:
A validated survey was sent electronically to dental students from the second year to seventh year. The questionnaire contained 12 knowledge and 13 attitude questions about treating HIV/AIDS patients. Descriptive statistics were presented for the knowledge and attitude of the dental students about HIV/AIDS. Also, the knowledge and attitude were compared using t-test in relation to gender and clinical year.

Results:
The response rate was 65%. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for the knowledge score was 8.32 ± 1.60 out of 12. There was no significant difference between gender and a student’s clinical level. In the majority of the attitude questions, more than half of the students had favorable attitude toward HIV/AIDS subjects. Females had more favorable attitude as well as students with more clinical years of experience.

Conclusions:
Dental students showed acceptable knowledge and positive attitude toward HIV/AIDS patients. Students who were females and with higher clinical years demonstrated better attitude but similar knowledge to males.
Perfection of Shariah Share in the progressiveness of the Halal Value Chain
Authors: Laksono Mufilh Adi 
Published: November 2022

slamic capital market is one part of the capital market in Indonesia, stock prices are always fluctuating as well as commodities sold in the goods market according to the law of supply and demand. This research is descriptive qualitative discusses how the perfection of Islamic stocks on the development of the Islamic economy through strengthening the halal value chain in all of industries. Halal value chain is an economic sector that plays a role in economic progress. Considering the huge potential of Indonesia’s sharia economy, making Indonesia a consumer of halal products in the international market.
Akıllı Telefon Kullanıcılarının Mobil İnternet Reklamlarına Yönelik Tutumu
Authors: İLK Çağrı 
Published: November 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, akıllı telefon kullanan bireylerin mobil internet reklamlarına yönelik tutumlarının incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 163 Kadın 50 Erkek olmak üzere toplam 213 kişi katılmıştır. Çalışmada katılımcılara ilk bölümde cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, akıllı telefona sahip olma süresi, internet kullanım süresi ve reklam mecralarını içeren altı adet soru iletilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak Özbey (2018) tarafından yapılan çalışmada yer alan mobil internet reklamcılığına yönelik ifadeleri içeren ölçek kullanılmıştır. 6 alt boyut ve toplam 23 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Ölçek alt boyutlarının normal dağılım gösterip göstermediğini belirlemek için “kolmogorov-smirnov testi” yapılmış ve normal dağılım gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Buna bağlı olarak ikili değişkenler için parametrik testlerden “bağımsız örneklem t-testi” ve ikiden fazla değişkenler için “one-way anova” analizi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; cinsiyet, eğitim, telefona sahip olma süresi ve internet kullanma sürelerine yönelik alt boyutlar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Ancak yaş ve mobil internet reklamları ile karşılaşmaya yerlerine göre alt boyutlar arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak akıllı telefon kullanıcılarının mobil internet reklamlarına yönelik tutumları sosyo demografik özelliklere göre değişkenlik göstermektedir.
Fe3+ Selective Pyrimidine Based Chromogenic and Fluorogenic Chemosensor
Authors: Patil Prashant , Shinde Swapnil , Sahoo Suban 
Published: November 2022

By using UV-Visible and fluorescence measurements, a new chemosensor N-(pyrimidin-2-yl) thiophene-2-carboxamide (PTC) was introduced for the discriminating and responsive detection of Fe3+ in aqueous methanolic medium. Since the PTC-Fe3+ complexation occurred in 1:1 binding stoichiometry, the receptor PTC preferentially revealed a charge transfer band between 310 to 475 nm in the UV-Vis technique, with the absorption peak at 351 nm. Furthermore, the fluorescence technique, which dampened PTC's fluorescence emission band at 325 nm, showed similar selectivity. The Stern-Volmer graphic shows that fluorescence quenching occurs in a static manner. The series of examined metal ions (Na+, K+, Li+, Cs+, Fe2+, Ni2+, Sr2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Cr3+, Ag+ and Al3+) failed to perturb the UV-Vis and fluorescence of PTC. With PTC, the concentration of Fe3+ can be detected down to 2.03 and 1.24 µM by UV-Vis and fluorescence methods, respectively.
HIGHLIGHTS

An easy-to-synthesize pyrimidine-based receptor PTC was developed for the detection of Fe3+
PTC showed Fe3+selective turn-off fluorescence and a new charge transfer absorption band at 351 nm
LOD of PTC is 2.03 and 1.24 µM, respectively by UV-Vis and fluorescence methods
Fluorescence quenching is static in nature

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
BAZAR SOLIDÁRIO
Authors: Conceição Giomar Domingas Ramos da , Santo Wilza Aparecida Carvalho do Espírito 
Published: November 2022

O presente projeto surge da intenção de despertar nos indivíduos atos de solidariedades e ao mesmo tempo envolve-los em questões que venham beneficiar a nossa creche. Sabe-se que do ponto de vista financeiro, no dia a dia de uma creche surgem despesas que nem sempre estão previstas no orçamento, mas que deve ser solucionado o quanto antes, para não atrapalhar o andamento da mesma. Visando resolver estas necessidades, que montamos este projeto, cuja finalidade é suprir as emergências o mais rápido possível. Para este fim, precisamos da colaboração de todas as pessoas que querem contribuir ou ajudar, doando ou comprando objetos, tais como: roupas, calçados, acessórios, brinquedos, entre outros, tudo em bom estado de uso. Os objetos arrecadados serão vendidos a preços simbólicos, e o recurso angariado com este bazar será transformado em benfeitorias para a creche
Fragmentos de uma narrativa em curso sobre o profissional de apoio pedagógico na Educação Especial
Authors: Nunes Isabel Matos , Fernandes Marcia Alessandra Souza 
Published: November 2022

RESUMO
Apresenta reflexões sobre como está estruturado o serviço de apoio pedagógico ao estudante público-alvo da educação especial, no que tange à regulamentação do cargo e da função desse profissional que atua na sala de aula comum, com o professor regente. Para tanto, questiona sobre aspectos relacionados a nomenclatura, criação do cargo e especificação da função desse profissional no quadro de vagas do serviço público. Parte da rede municipal de educação de São Mateus, Espírito Santo, e utiliza dados da pesquisa qualitativa realizada por Autor 2 (2016) em que analisou a definição de diretrizes para a oferta da Educação Especial no Sistema e a outra que investigou as tensões da gestão municipal na garantia da escolarização de alunos com deficiência múltipla (AUTOR 1, 2016), destacando trechos de entrevistas e números sobre matrícula de estudantes e profissionais da modalidade. As reflexões elaboradas consideram que os governos, ao deixarem de instituir políticas de Estado (OLIVEIRA, 2011), além de normalizar o desvio de função, de impossibilitar o vínculo permanente do profissional com o fazer pedagógico, fere o direito do estudante e, no caso específico da Educação Especial, reforça e perpetua o estigma outsider (ELIAS; SCOTSON, 2000) da modalidade.