bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of interventions to prevent vasovagal reactions among whole blood donors: rationale and design of a large cluster randomised trial.
Authors: McMahon Amy , Kaptoge Stephen , Walker Matthew , Mehenny Susan , Gilchrist Philippe T , Sambrook Jennifer , Akhtar Naim , Sweeting Michael , Wood Angela M , Stirrups Kathleen , Chung Ryan , Fahle Sarah , Johnson Elisha , Cullen Donna , Godfrey Rosemary , Duthie Shannon , Allen Louise , Harvey Paul , Berkson Michael , Allen Elizabeth , Watkins Nicholas A , Bradley John R , Kingston Nathalie , Miflin Gail , Armitage Jane , Roberts David J , Danesh John , Angelantonio Emanuele Di 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background: Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are the most common acute complications of blood donation. Responsible for substantial morbidity, they also reduce the likelihood of repeated donations, and are disruptive and costly for blood services. Although blood establishments worldwide have adopted different strategies to prevent VVRs (including water loading and applied muscle tension [AMT]), robust evidence is limited. The Strategies to Improve Donor Experiences (STRIDES) trial aims to reliably assess the impact of four different interventions to prevent VVRs among blood donors.
Methods: STRIDES is a cluster-randomised cross-over/stepped-wedge factorial trial of four interventions to reduce VVRs involving about 1.4 million whole blood donors enrolled from all 73 blood donation sites (mobile teams and donor centres) of National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT) in England. Each site (“cluster”) has been randomly allocated to receive one or more interventions during a 36-month period, using principles of cross-over, stepped-wedge and factorial trial design to assign the sequence of interventions. Each of the four interventions are compared to NHSBT’s current practices: (i) 500ml isotonic drink before donation vs current 500ml plain water; (ii) 3-minutes rest on donation chair after donation vs current 2 minutes; (iii) new modified AMT vs current practice of AMT; and (iv) psychosocial intervention using preparatory materials vs current practice of nothing. The primary outcome is the number of in-session VVRs with loss of consciousness (i.e., episodes involving loss of consciousness of any duration, with or without additional complications). Secondary outcomes include all in-session VVRs (i.e., with and without loss of consciousness) and delayed VVRs (i.e., those occurring after leaving the venue).
Discussion: The STRIDES trial should yield novel information about interventions, singly and in combination, for the prevention of VVRs, with the aim of generating policy-shaping evidence to help inform blood services to improve donor health, donor experience, and service efficiency.
Trial registration: ISRCTN: 10412338
The malignancy suppression and ferroptosis facilitation of BCL6 in gastric cancer mediated by FZD7 repression are strengthened by RNF180/RhoC pathway
Authors: Guo Shiwei , Wang Pengliang , Kou Fan , Wu Zizhen , Zhang Nannan , Zhao Zhenzhen , Nie Yongzhan , Deng Jingyu , Yang Lili 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) is a transcription repressor that plays a tumor suppressor or promoting role in various tumors. However, its function and molecular mechanism in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Ferroptosis, a novel programmed cell death, is closely related to tumor development. In this research, we aim to explore the role and mechanism of BCL6 in malignant progression and ferroptosis of gastric cancer.
Methods
Firstly, BCL6 was identified as an important biomarker that attenuated the proliferation and metastasis of GC through tumor microarrays and confirmed in GC cell lines. RNA sequence was performed to explore the downstream genes of BCL6. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated by ChIP, dual luciferase reporter assays and rescue experiments. Cell death, lipid peroxidation and MDA level were detected to determine the effect of BCL6 on ferroptosis and the mechanism was revealed. CHX, MG132 treatment and rescue experiments were used to explore the upstream regulatory mechanism of BCL6.
Results
Here we showed that BCL6 expression was significantly decreased in GC tissues, and patients with low BCL6 expression showed more malignant clinical features and poor prognosis. The upregulation of BCL6 may significantly inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that BCL6 directly binds and transcriptionally represses Wnt receptor Frizzled 7 (FZD7) to inhibit the proliferation, metastasis of GC cells. We also found that BCL6 promoted lipid peroxidation and MDA level to facilitate ferroptosis of GC cells by FZD7/β-catenin/TP63/GPX4 pathway. Furthermore, BCL6 expression and function was regulated by the ring finger protein 180 (RNF180)/ras homolog gene family member C (RhoC) pathway, which had been elucidated to be involved in significantly mediating the proliferation and metastasis of GC cells.
Conclusions
In summary, BCL6 should be considered a potential intermediate tumor suppressor to inhibit the malignant progression and induce ferroptosis, which may be a promising molecular biomarker for further mechanistic investigation of GC.
EffEctiveness of Prophylactic fOam dressings in the prevention of saCral pressure injuries in at-risk hospitalised patients: The EEPOC Trial
Authors: Walker Rachel M , Chaboyer Wendy , Cooke Marie , Whitty Jennifer A , Thalib Lukman , Lockwood Ishtar , Latimer Sharon , Campbell Jill , Probert Rosalind , Gillespie Brigid M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Prophylactic dressings are increasingly used to prevent pressure injuries in hospitalised patients. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of these dressings is still emerging. This trial aims to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a prophylactic silicone foam border dressing in preventing sacral pressure injuries in medical-surgical patients.
Methods
This is a multicentre, pragmatic, parallel group, randomised controlled trial. A sample size of 1,320 was calculated to have > 90% power to detect a 5% difference in the primary outcome at an alpha of 0.05. Adult patients admitted to participating medical-surgical wards are screened for eligibility: ≥18 years; admitted to hospital within the previous 36 hours; expected length of stay of ≥ 24 hours and assessed high risk for hospital acquired pressure injury. Consenting participants are randomly allocated to either prophylactic silicone foam dressing intervention or usual care without any dressing as the control group via a web-based randomisation service independent of the trial. Patients are enrolled across three Australian hospitals. The primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of patients who develop a sacral pressure injury. Secondary outcomes include time to sacral pressure injury, incidence of severity (stage) of sacral pressure injury, cost-effectiveness of dressings, and process evaluation. Participant outcomes are assessed daily for up to 14 days by blinded independent outcome assessors using deidentified, digitally modified sacral photographs. Those who develop a sacral pressure injury are followed for an additional 14 days to estimate the costs of pressure injury treatment. Analysis of clinical outcomes will be based on intention-to-treat, per-protocol, and sensitivity analyses.
Discussion
This trial aims to provide definitive evidence on the effect prophylactic dressings have on development of hospital acquired sacral pressure injuries in medical-surgical patients. A parallel economic evaluation of pressure injury prevention and treatment will enable evidence-informed decisions and policy. The inclusion of a process evaluation will help to explain the contextual factors that may have a bearing on the results of the trial including acceptability of the dressings to patients and staff. The trial commenced 5 March 2020 but has been significantly delayed due to COVID-19.
Trial registration:
ANZCTR, prospectively registered 22 May 2019: ACTRN12619000763145
Study of the biosynthesis and functionality of polyphosphate in Bifidobacterium longum KABP042
Authors: Alcántara Cristina , Pérez Marta , Huedo Pol , Altadill Tatiana , Espadaler-Mazo Jordi , Arqués Juan Luís , Zúñiga Manuel , Monedero Vicente 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Polyphosphate (poly-P) biosynthesis in bacteria has been linked to many physiological processes and has been characterized as an interesting functional molecule involved in intestinal homeostasis. We determined the capacity for poly-P production of 18 probiotic strains mainly belonging to Bifidobacterium and former Lactobacillus genera, showing that poly-P synthesis is a strain-specific trait dependent on the availability of phosphate and the growth phase. Bifidobacteria were especially capable of poly-P synthesis and poly-P kinase (ppk) genes were identified in their genomes together with a repertoire of genes involved in phosphate transport and metabolism. In Bifidobacterium longum KABP042, the strain we found with highest poly-P production, variations in ppk expression were linked to growth conditions and presence of phosphate in the medium. Moreover, the strain produced poly-P in presence of breast milk and human milk oligosaccharide lacto-N-tetraose increased the amount of poly-P synthesized. Compared to KABP042 supernatants low in poly-P, exposure of Caco-2 cells to KABP042 supernatants rich in poly-P resulted in decreased epithelial permeability and increased barrier resistance, induction of epithelial protecting factors such as HSP27 and enhanced expression of tight junction protein genes. These results highlight the role of bifidobacteria-derived poly-P as a strain-dependent functional factor acting on epithelial integrity.
Recent irreversible retreat of Pine Island Glacier
Authors: Reed Brad , Green J. A. Mattias , Jenkins Adrian , Gudmundsson G. Hilmar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pine Island Glacier (PIG), a part of the West Antarctic marine ice sheet, has recently undergone substantial changes including acceleration, grounding-line retreat and thinning. Theoretical arguments suggest that marine ice sheets can become unstable, entering phases of irreversible retreat. Modelling work indicates this as a possible future scenario for PIG. However, to date, no firm evidence is available of an unstable retreat phase having occurred. Here we present a modelling study, validated by observational data, of a rapid PIG retreat in the 1970s, and demonstrate that it was self-enhancing and irreversible. Results show PIG had crossed a tipping point by the early 1970s whereby further grounding-line retreat was inevitable despite temporal reversal in climatic conditions. The irreversible phase had ended by the early 1990s after almost 40 km of retreat and 0.34 mm added to global sea level, causing PIG to become the main contributor from the Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Whole-exome sequencing analysis identifies novel variants associated with Kawasaki disease susceptibility
Authors: Zhang Xing , Sun Ying , Meng Lijuan , Ye Caixia , Han Huifeng , Zhang Tiesong , Feng Yue , Li Jianxiao , Duan Lifen , Chen Yanfei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute pediatric vasculitis affecting genetically susceptible infants and children. Although the pathogenesis of KD remains unclear, growing evidence links genetic susceptibility to the disease. To explore the genes associated with susceptibility in KD, we conducted whole-exome sequencing of KD children from Yunnan province, China.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data from 93 KD patients and 91 non-KD controls who underwent whole-exome sequencing.
Results: In this study, we successfully collected and identified relationships between two significant rare variant genes (MYH14 and RBP3) and Kawasaki disease through the genotype/allele frequency analysis (odds ratio [OR], 8.3945 to 13.1963; p-value, 0.0025 to 0.0346). The eight of 20 KD patients all have heterogeneous variants in Chr19: 50281727 (G/A), Chr19: 50223086 (G/A), Chr19: 50280044 (T/G), Chr19: 50301707 (C/A), Chr19: 50301790 (C/T), Chr19: 50293670 (C/T), Chr19: 50292282 (C/T), Chr19: 50244260 (C/T), and the remaining twelve cases had heterogeneous variants in Chr10: 47351134 (G/A), associated with retinitis pigmentosa, which may be associated to one clinal manifestation of KD.
Conclusion: This study suggested that two genes MYH14 and RBP3 may be associated with KD susceptibility in the population from Yunnan province.
Effects of Lead and Lean in Multi-Axis Directed Energy Deposition
Authors: Elsayed Omar , Adapa Venkata Surya Karthik , Kersten Samuel , Vaughan Derek , Masuo Christopher , Kim Myong Joon , Feldhausen Thomas , Saldana Christopher , Kurfess Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The present study examines the effect of varying laser incidence angles on textural, microstructural, and geometric characteristics of directed energy deposition (DED) processed materials, providing a more comprehensive outlook on participating laser-matter interaction phenomena and ultimately devise strategies to ameliorate print performance. In this study, single-layer, single-/multi-track specimens were processed to examine the effect of non-orthogonal angular configurations on bead morphology, microstructure, phase composition and textural representation of DED-processed 316L stainless steel materials. It was observed that bead size decreased at increasing lead and lean angles. Asymmetry in the distribution of the bead morphology as a function of lead angle indicates better catchment for acute lead angle configurations over obtuse configurations. No significant differences in phase composition, texture, and microstructure were observed in moderate off-axis configurations. When penetration depth for the deposits was below 20 µm, columnar structures dominated the microstructure of the deposited material. At deeper penetration depths, columnar and equiaxed structures were observed at the bead-substrate interface and center of the bead, respectively. Compared to powder-blown DED, wire-DED dilution profiles were found to be asymmetric in both orthogonal and non-orthogonal wire DED samples.
Combining host and rumen metagenome profiling for selection in sheep: prediction of methane, feed efficiency, production, and health traits
Authors: Hess Melanie , Zetouni Larissa , Hess Andrew S. , Budel Juliana , Dodds Ken G. , Henry Hannah M. , Brauning Rudiger , McCulloch Alan F. , Hickey Sharon M. , Johnson Patricia L. , Elmes Sara , Wing Janine , Bryson Brooke , Knowler Kevin , Hyndman Dianne , Baird Hayley , McRae Kathryn M. , Jonker Arjan , Janssen Peter H. , McEwan John C. , Rowe Suzanne J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Rumen microbes break down complex dietary carbohydrates into energy sources for the host and are increasingly shown to be a key aspect of animal performance. Host genotypes can be combined with microbial DNA sequencing to predict performance traits or traits related to environmental impact, such as enteric methane emissions. Metagenome profiles were generated from 3,139 rumen samples, collected from 1,200 dual purpose ewes, using Restriction Enzyme-Reduced Representation Sequencing (RE-RRS). Phenotypes were available for methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, the ratio of CH4 to CH4 plus CO2 (CH4Ratio), feed efficiency (Residual Feed Intake: RFI), liveweight at the time of methane collection (LW), liveweight at 8 months (LW8), fleece weight at 12 months (FW12) and parasite resistance measured by faecal egg count (FEC1). We estimated the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by host genetics and the rumen microbiome, as well as prediction accuracies for each of these traits.
Results
Incorporating metagenome profiles increased the variance explained and prediction accuracy compared to fitting only genomics for all traits except for CO2 emissions when animals were on a grass. Combining the metagenome profile with host genotype from lambs explained more than 70% of the variation in methane emissions and residual feed intake. Predictions were generally more accurate when incorporating metagenome profiles compared to genetics alone, even when considering profiles collected at different ages (lamb vs adult), or on different feeds (grass vs lucerne pellet). A reference-free approach to metagenome profiling performed better than metagenome profiles that were restricted to capturing genera from a reference database. We hypothesise that our reference-free approach is likely to outperform other reference-based approaches such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing for use in prediction of individual animal performance.
Conclusions
This paper shows the potential of using RE-RRS as a low-cost, high-throughput approach for generating metagenome profiles on thousands of animals for improved prediction of economically and environmentally important traits. A reference-free approach using a microbial relationship matrix from log10 proportions of each tag normalized within Cohort (i.e., the group of animals sampled at the same time) is recommended for future predictions using RE-RRS metagenome profiles.
Impact of age on indication for chemotherapy in early breast cancer patients in Germany
Authors: Hoffmann Ann Sophie , Hennigs André , Feisst Manuel , Moderow Mareike , Heublein Sabine , Deutsch Thomas Maximilian , Togawa Riku , Schäfgen Benedikt , Wallwiener Markus , Golatta Michael , Heil Jörg , Riedel Fabian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Today, the decision to treat patients with chemotherapy for early breast cancer (EBC) is made based on the patient’s individual risk stratification and tumor biology. In cases with chemotherapy indication, the neoadjuvant application (NACT) is the preferred option in comparison with primary surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT). Age remains a relevant factor in the decision-making process. The aim of the present study was to illustrate the impact of age on the use of systemic therapy in clinical routine.
Methods: The study separately analyzed chemotherapy use among six age cohorts of EBC patients who had been treated at 104 German breast units between January 2008 and December 2017.
Results: In total, 124,084 patients were included, 46,279 (37.3%) of whom had received chemotherapy. For 44,765 of these cases, detailed information on treatment was available. Within this cohort, chemotherapy was administered as NACT to 14,783 patients (33.0%) and as ACT to 29,982 (67.0%) patients. Due to the higher prevalence of unfavorable tumor subtypes, younger patients had a higher rate of chemotherapy (≤29y: 74.2%; 30–39y: 71.3%) and a higher proportion of NACT administration (<29y: 66.9%; 30–39y: 56.0%) in comparison with elderly patients, who had lower rates for overall chemotherapy (60–69y: 37.5%; ≥70y: 17.6%) and NACT (60–69y: 25.5%; ≥70y: 22.8%). Pathologic complete response was higher in younger than in older patients (≤ 29y: 30.4% vs. ≥70y: 16.7%), especially for HER2− subtypes.
Conclusion: The data from the nationwide German cohort reveal relevant age-dependent discrepancies concerning the use of chemotherapy for EBC.
n = 250 words
ANRIL promotes the regulation of colorectal cancer on lymphatic endothelial cells via VEGF-C and is the key target for Pien Tze Huang to inhibit cancer metastasis
Authors: Lin Jiumao , Huang Bin , Lu Yao , Ni Zhuona , Liu Jinhong , He Yanbin , An Honglin , Ye Feimin , shen Jiayu , Lin Minghe , Chen Yong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
lncRNA ANRIL is an oncogene, however the role of ANRIL in the regulation of colorectal cancer on human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) is remain elusive. Pien Tze Huang (PZH, PTH) a Tradition Chinese Medicine (TCM) as an adjunctive medication could inhibit the cancer metastasis, however the mechanism still uncovering. We used network pharmacology, subcutaneous and orthotopic transplanted colorectal tumors models to determine the effect of PZH on tumor metastasis. Differential expressions of ANRIL in colorectal cancer cells, and stimulating the regulation of cancer cells on HLECs by culturing HLECs with cancer cells’ supernatants. Network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and rescue experiments were carried out to verify key targets of PZH. We found PZH interfered with 32.2% of disease genes and 76.7% of pathways, and inhibited the growth of colorectal tumors, liver metastasis, and the expression of ANRIL. The overexpression of ANRIL promoted the regulation of cancer cells on HLECs, leading to lymphangiogenesis, via upregulated VEGF-C secretion, and alleviated the effect of PZH on inhibiting the regulation of cancer cells on HLECs. Transcriptomic, network pharmacology and rescue experiments show that PI3K/AKT pathway is the most important pathway for PZH to affect tumor metastasis via ANRIL. In conclusion, PZH inhibits the regulation of colorectal cancer on HLECs to alleviate tumor lymphangiogenesis and metastasis by downregulating ANRIL dependent PI3K/AKT/VEGF-C pathway.
iMPI – portable human-sized Magnetic Particle Imaging Scanner for real-time endovascular Interventions
Authors: Vogel Patrick , Rückert Martin , Greiner Christoph , Günther Johanna , Reichl Teresa , Kampf Thomas , Bley Thorsten , Behr Volker , Herz Stefan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Minimally invasive endovascular interventions have become an important tool for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease, and stroke. X-ray fluoroscopy and digital subtraction angiography are used to precisely guide these procedures, but they are associated with radiation exposure for patients and clinical staff. Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is an emerging imaging technology using time-varying magnetic fields combined with magnetic nanoparticle tracers for fast and highly sensitive imaging. In recent years, basic experiments have shown that MPI has great potential for cardiovascular applications. However, current MPI scanners were too large, slow and expensive, and had a very small field of view (FOV), which limited further translational research. Here, we present a portable interventional MPI (iMPI) scanner dedicated for real-time endovascular interventions free of ionizing radiation. It uses a novel field generator approach with a very large FOV and an application-oriented open design enabling hybrid approaches with conventional X-ray-based angiography. The feasibility of a real-time iMPI-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is shown in a realistic dynamic human-sized leg model.
CLOOME: contrastive learning unlocks bioimaging databases for queries with chemical structures
Authors: Klambauer Günter , Fernandez Ana Sanchez , Rumetshofer Elisabeth , Hochreiter Sepp 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Currently, bioimaging databases cannot be queried by chemical structures that induce the phenotypic effects captured by the image. We present a novel retrieval system based on contrastive learning that is able to identify the chemical structure inducing the phenotype out of $\sim$2,000 candidates with a top-1 accuracy $>$70 times higher than a random baseline.