bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scenario optimization of water supplement and outflow management in Yilong Lake based on the EFDC model
Authors: Wu Tao , Su Baolin , Wu Huaxin , Wang Shengrui , Wang Guoqiang , Ratnaweera Harsha , Weerakoon S. B. , Zhang Zhibin , Yao Bo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To address the problem of poor hydrodynamic conditions in Yilong Lake and to meet the water quality standards, the EFDC model was applied to propose an optimization plan for water supplement and outflow management of Yilong Lake. The model explores the impact of wind forcing, water supplement from external watersheds, outflow management and setting up an enclosure in the lake on the hydrodynamics in Yilong Lake. The results show that (1) the overall velocity of the water body of Yilong Lake is relatively slow, 90% of the area is lower than 0.01 m s−1, the central and eastern areas are faster and the western is slower. During the dry period and the wet periods of the year, improves the flow velocity of the water body in 90% of the area is increased by 80% compared to no wind velocity; (2) the increase in the amount of water supplement is significant for the improvement of the hydrodynamic conditions of water body; the water supplement volume at the two water supplement points of Mafangwan is conducive to improving the hydrodynamic conditions. If the total water supplement volume is increased by 10 million cubic meters per year which corresponds to water supplement volume increases at the Pubu and the Mafangwan by 33 and 35%, respectively, then water area with flow velocity greater than 0.007 m can be increased to 70%; (3) based on the demand for water quality, the water level management curves for different seasons are designed. It should be dominated by the eastern outflow, during the spring, coordinated by the southern and eastern outflows during the summer, and should be dominated by the southern outflow during the autumn and winter period.
Evolution of water resource allocation in the river basin between administrators and managers
Authors: Lu Zuliang , Cai Fei , Liu Jinkui , Yang Jiayuan , Zhang Shuhua , Wu Shuang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe reasonable allocation of water resources runs through the main links of regional water resource planning and management, which is a complex decision-making issue, ensures the sustainable development and utilization of water resources, and makes a greater contribution to the sustainable development of social economy. In this paper, evolutionary game theory is applied to the allocation of watershed water resources in a river basin. Also, the analysis of the replication dynamics and evolutionary stability strategies of water resource allocation among water resource manufacturers was done. It was found that the evolutionary game among the water resource manufacturers has only an evolutionary stability strategy. Considering the evolutionary game between water resource managers and water resource manufacturers, the evolutionary stability strategy is analyzed. This study suggests that there are two evolutionary stability strategies ( normal water intake, high level of regulation) and ( excess water intake, low level of regulation) between the water resource manufacturers and the administrative water resource regulators, where the strategy ( normal water intake, high level of regulation) is the expected direction. The evolution factors of the strategy ( normal water intake, high level of regulation) were analyzed. Furthermore, it also suggested that an effective reward and punishment mechanism will help to draw up excessive water, dismantle the conflicts between the water resource manufacturers and the administrative water resource regulators, and increase the benefits of both sides.
Study on discharge characteristics of fermentor and oak barrel washing wastewater from typical wineries in Ningxia, China
Authors: Zheng Lanxiang , Hou Jiaxiang , Pan Cenxuan , Zhao Bochao , Dou Guangyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wine wastewater management is critical to the sustainable development of the wine industry. In this study, three wineries were selected with growing wine production scales of Ningxia. The number of fermentors and oak barrels washing wastewater were counted during the production period of 2019. The water quality was analyzed and finally the pollutant production was estimated. The results showed that fermentor (barrel) cleaning method greatly influences wastewater amount. The five-step method during fermentor washing stage produced more wastewater than direct high-pressure washing. However, high-temperature fumigation in the oak barrels washing stage can effectively reduce wastewater. The residue of grape juice in fermentors and oak barrels made the main pollutant of washing fermentor (barrel) wastewater COD, and the unit product of washing oak barrels' wastewater produced more COD than washing fermentor wastewater. COD production of washing fermentor wastewater per unit product was ranked as Winery C (412.5 g·kL−1) &gt; Winery B (331.5 g·kL−1) &gt; Winery A (33.6 g·kL−1), in oak barrels washing stage, Winery C (679.2 g·kL−1) &gt; Winery A (507.2 g·kL−1) &gt; Winery B (350 g·kL−1). The results showed that a good linear relationship between annual wastewater production and COD production of the winery (R2 is 0.9777 and 0.9934, respectively). Compared with the first-level standard of cleaner wine production, the production of fermentors and oak barrels washing wastewater in winery accounts for 11–18% of total wine production wastewater, while COD production accounts for 17–43% of total COD.
Exploring the Core Prescription and Underlying Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Allergic Rhinitis in Children: A Real- World Study Based on an Illustrious Senior Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioner
Authors: He Yu , Gu Xiaohong , Luo Changyong , Wang Yuhan , He Bing , Yan Yurou , Wang Junhong 
Published: April 2022

Background:Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to treat allergic rhinitis (AR) in China, especially in children. However, due to the complicated composition rules and unclear underlying mechanisms, effective herbal prescriptions’ popularization and application are limited.Purpose:This study tried to detect the core prescription of herbs in treating AR in children, reveal its mechanism based on the ingredients’ network, and explore the main signaling pathways.Methods:We screened medical records of children patients with AR who were treated by TCM in DongZhiMen Hospital from Aug 2009 to Jan 2020 and adopted a descriptive analysis method on herbal characteristics. We used association rules to mine core prescriptions and used network pharmacology to establish the ingredient-target-pathway network through online databases and TCMSP, Genecards, KEGG pathway, Excel, R-Studio, and Cytoscape software.Results:The analysis of 1,092 clinical visits highlighted that the principle of formulating prescription was as follows: ‘pungent and warm herbs were used more frequently while cold-natured herbs were paid equal attention as warm-natured herbs.’ The core prescription was formed by FangFeng, BaiZhi, CangErzi, and ChanTui. These herbs covered 130 underlying targets and 141 signaling pathways of AR, which mainly had an effect on signal transduction and immunoregulation.Conclusion:The core prescription based on these real-world clinical records includes FangFeng, BaiZhi, CangErzi, and ChanTui. It principally acts on targets of signal transduction pathways and immune pathways.
Gut Microbiota Might Act as a Potential Therapeutic Pathway in COVID-19
Authors: Eslami Solat , Gharajeh Nahid Hosseinzadeh , Pourjafar Hadi , Derakhshanian Hoda , Mohammadi Hamed , Barzegari Abolfazl 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
It has been very recently suggested that individuals with chronic gut inflammation are
highly susceptible to COVID-19. They constitute the serious cases of COVID-19, in which inflammatory
cytokine storm is observed. On the contrary, the healthy gut microbiota is linked with low
chronic gut and systemic inflammation. This raises the idea that maintenance of the healthy gut microbiota
and prevention of gut microbial dysbiosis in COVID-19 patients might avoid the increased
cytokine storm, which in turn might reduce the mortality rate. It has been shown that the modulation
of the gut microbiota is an effective strategy to strengthen immunity and might be a possible treatment
for individuals with viral infections. Currently, there is no clinical data considering the impact
of the modulation of the gut microbiota on the treatment of COVID-19. We hypothesize that targeting
the gut microbiota might be a novel therapeutic approach or at least a supportive therapy. In the
present review article, we described the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and gut microbiota dysbiosis
through two possible mechanisms, including aberrant immune activation and aberrant mammalian
target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation. Further, the disruption of the gastrointestinal reninangiotensin
system (GI RAS), dysregulation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, and the
activity of human serine proteases in COVID-19 pathogenesis were addressed. We also provided
possible strategies to restore all the discussed aspects via gut microbiota modulation.
Evodiamine: A Privileged Structure with Broad-ranging Biological Activities
Authors: Liu Wenwu , Zhao Qingchun , Li Deping , Li Yan , Jiang Xiaowen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Evodiamine (EVO) is a natural quinolone alkaloid firstly isolated from the fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa,
which is one of the most frequently used traditional Chinese herb for treating a variety of ailments,
including headaches, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, amenorrhea difficult menstruation,
postpartum hemorrhage, and other diseases. Latest pharmacological studies showed that EVO possesses a
broad spectrum of pharmacological activities through different mechanisms. However, its moderate activities
and poor physicochemical properties have hampered its clinical application. In this regard, the
modification of EVO aiming at seeking derivatives with more potency and better physicochemical properties
has been extensively emerging. These derivatives exhibit diverse biological activities, including
antitumor, anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-pulmonary hypertension, anti-fungi, and thermogenic activities
via a variety of mechanisms. Moreover, they are described to act as single, dual, or multiple inhibitors or
agonists of many proteins, such as topoisomerase I, topoisomerase II, tubulin, histone deacetylase,
sirtuins, butyrylcholinesterase, phosphodiesterase 5, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. However,
hitherto, there is no comprehensive review to systematically summarize the derivatives of EVO. Considering
this perspective, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive description of them by focusing on
their diverse biological activities. For each biological activity, the mechanisms and the main structureactivity
relationships (SARs) will be presented in cases where adequate information is available. Finally,
future directions of this class of compounds will be discussed. This review will be helpful in understanding
and encouraging further exploration of EVO.
Synthesis, Characterization and ADME Prediction Study of Heterocyclic
Moieties-linked Indole Derivatives as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Singh Rajesh Kumar , Kumari Archana 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Heterocyclic compounds are vital for research due to their diverse pharmacological
profiles. They are key structural components of many of the potent antimicrobial drugs available on
the market today but still facing the problem of drug resistance by microbes. Indole and its derivatives
display versatile pharmacological activities, such as analgesic, antimicrobial, antidepressant, antidiabetic,
anti-convulsant, antihelmintic, and anti-inflammatory.

Objective:
Indole ring was linked to other key heterocyclic moieties, such as morpholine, imidazole, piperidine,
and piperazine at the active 3rd position by Schotten-Baumann reaction, and further evaluated
against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with the hope to develop potent antimicrobial agents.

Method:
Synthesis of derivatives was performed under appropriate conditions and characterized by IR,
NMR (1H and 13C), and CHN elemental analysis. Further, in vitro assays were used to evaluate their antimicrobial
activity by agar diffusion and agar streak dilution method against Bacillus subtilis (ATCC
6633) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). ADME properties were also calculated using the Swiss
ADME online program.

Results:
Compounds 4b, 4f, 4i, 4k showed maximum potency in both in vitro assays calculated as the
zone of inhibition (17±0.5 mm-22±0.25 mm) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC= 6.25-25
μg/ml)) comparable to standard drugs ciprofloxacin and ampicillin. ADME results showed zero violation
of the Lipinski’s rule.

Conclusion:
A great deal of work has been done on the synthesis and evaluation of indole derivatives to
explore their antimicrobial effect. These findings may lead to the design and development of more effective
antimicrobial drug candidates.
Impact of Lean and Fat Mass on Disease Activity and Function in Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Makhlouf Yasmine , Kaffel Dhia , Maatallah Kaouther , Ferjani Hanene , Abaza Nahaline , Hamdi Wafa 
Published: April 2022

Background and Aims:
Changes in body mass composition, such as reduced lean and fat mass, can occur in a patient with rheumatic diseases. However, data about body composition in spondyloarthritis (SpA) showed conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to assess by DXA the distribution of lean and fat mass in SpA patients compared to healthy controls and to in-vestigate the association between body mass composition and disease characteristics.

Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study including 50 SpA patients and 50 con-trols. Sociodemographic data, as well as disease characteristics, were assessed. Body composition measurements and biochemical and inflammatory serum markers were evaluated. Radiographic data (Bath Ankylosing Radiologic Index and the modified Stroke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score) was also recorded.

Results:
No statistically significant correlation was found between the two groups regarding bone mineral density and body mass distribution. However, a lower weight was observed in the study group compared to the control group (p = 0.043). Male gender and younger age were associated with a higher lean mass (p = 0.05). C-reactive protein (CRP) level was positively correlated with lean mass (r = 0.38, p = 0.023). Similarly, BASFI was higher in patients with lower fat mass (r = -0.42, p = 0.024). A longer duration of NSAIDs intake was associated with a lower lean mass and a higher fat mass. However, no correlations were found between body mass composition and BASRI mSASSS scores as well as bone mineral density and calcium intake.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that younger age, male gender, and axial phenotype were associ-ated with higher lean mass.
Potential Role of Exercise in Regulating YAP and TAZ During Cardiomyocytes
Aging
Authors: Limyati Yenni , Sanjaya Ardo , Lucretia Teresa , Gunadi Julia Windi , Biben Vitriana , Jasaputra Diana Krisanti , Lesmana Ronny 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Adaptation of cardiac muscle to regular exercise results in morphological and structural
changes known as physiological cardiac hypertrophy, to which the Hippo signaling pathway might
have contributed. Two major terminal effectors in the Hippo signaling pathway are Yes-associated
protein (YAP) and its homolog transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ). The latest
studies have reported the role of YAP and TAZ in different life stages, such as in fetal, neonatal,
and adult hearts. Their regulation might involve several mechanisms and effectors. One of the
possible coregulators is exercise. Exercise plays a role in cardiomyocyte hypertrophic changes during
different stages of life, including in aged hearts. YAP/TAZ signaling pathway has a role in
physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by exercise and is associated with cardiac remodelling.
Thus, it can be believed that exercise has roles in activating the signaling pathway of YAP and
TAZ in aged cardiomyocytes. However, the studies regarding the roles of YAP and TAZ during
cardiomyocyte aging are limited. The primary purpose of this review is to explore the response of
cardiovascular aging to exercise via signaling pathway of YAP and TAZ.
Foreign Body in the Cervical Oesophagus: A Case Report
Authors: Botti Cecilia , Giordano Davide , Iotti Valentina , Ghidini Angelo 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract represent an uncommon cause
of visits to emergency departments. In the majority of cases, foreign bodies do not go beyond the pharynx.
They cause dyspnoea or pneumonia if they reach the tracheobronchial tree. If ingested, they will
pass spontaneously through the gastrointestinal canal in the majority of cases. Nevertheless, especially
in the case of sharp-pointed or large objects, the foreign bodies can stop in the oesophagus.
In case of dysphagia, stinging sensation and/or odynophagia occurring after eating a meal, a foreign
body in the upper aerodigestive tract should be suspected. If not clinically visible, imaging is required.

Case presentation:
A 72-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department with pharyngodynia,
odynophagia, stinging, dysphagia, and sialorrhea for 12 hours. Her symptoms started after eating a
meal involving meat. The patient underwent a standard two-projection radiogram of the neck. The
antero-posterior projection radiogram was unremarkable. The lateral projection radiogram showed 16
millimetres in maximum length radiopaque foreign body within the cervical oesophagus. The patient
underwent transoral flexible oesophagoscopy under general anaesthesia, which resulted in successful
removal of the foreign body (bony fragment). Her symptoms improved rapidly after the procedure, and
the patient was discharged after 48 hours in good health.

Conclusion:
A foreign body in the cervical oesophagus may lead to visceral perforation. Once suspected,
every effort should be made to identify and remove the foreign body to avoid potentially catastrophic
consequences. In some cases, imaging could be necessary to detect the foreign body.
Chalcones and Flavones as Multifunctional Anticancer Agents- A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Palanikarasu Pavithra , Surajambika Remya Ramachandran , Ramalakshmi Natarajan 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Chalcone and flavone moieties play an important role in medicinal chemistry
for the development of potential therapeutic agents. These two derivatives serve a wide range
of applications in recent studies and are promising lead molecules for the synthesis of compounds
with vast therapeutic utility for many diseases, particularly for cancer therapy.

Objective:
The present review focused on the fact that chalcone and flavone derivatives possess an
interesting spectrum of anticancer activities and their representative mechanisms of action for antitumor
therapy. Chalcone and flavones have potential in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity on
multiple targets with different mechanisms, including topoisomerase inhibition, MDR channel
inhibition Targeting NF-kB pathway, Serine/threonine protein kinase inhibition, PRAP1 inhibition,
tubulin polymerase inhibition, Aromatase inhibition, cell cycle disruption, apoptosis inducing,
immunomodulatory and inflammation mediatory mechanism. The advantage of chalcone and flavone
scaffolds is their convenient synthetic methods and wide clinical potential.

Methods:
We have scrutinized and reviewed 60 research articles published in different databases in
recent years highlighting chalcones and flavones with different anticancer activities and evaluated
their binding interactions in docking studies and potency in in vitro studies. Substituted chalcones
and flavones with various heterocyclic nuclei and aliphatic and aromatic side chains are discussed.
A thorough investigation on the mechanism by which each flavone and chalcone exerted its
specific anticancer activity was done and is reviewed.

Results:
It was seen that research conducted on chalcones and flavones proved it as a privileged
structure with multifunctional anticancer activity. More exploration of these molecules will provide
newer cancer therapeutic agents with less toxicity.

Conclusion:
The review will be helpful for the wide variety of scientific community doing research
on these versatile molecules.
Identification of Potential of Drug-drug Interaction and its Affecting Factors:
A Cross-sectional Study Among Hospitalized Coronary Heart Disease
Patients
Authors: Rosmasari Reny , Esha Pramitha , Figueras Albert 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) patients are at risk of suffering from drug interactions,
leading to a higher risk of mortality and morbidity among these patients. This study aims to
identify the potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and CHD patients' related factors.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed among the CHD patients to identify the PDDIs from
2014 to 2017 at a Secondary Hospital. The PDDIs were categorized according to the interaction
mechanism, onset, severity, and documentation.

Results:
Among 91 CHD patients, 151 PDDIs were identified consisting of pharmacokinetics mechanism
and delayed onset, 50.33%, and 83.44%, respectively. Furthermore, there was a correlation between
the number of PDDIs and the number of drugs (r = 0.496; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that the more the drugs were prescribed to CHD patients, the more
the PDDIs risk would occur. The regular monitoring of the CHD patient’s prescriptions is noteworthy
to avoid the PDDIs.
Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions among Pregnant Women and Pediatric
Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rani Neha 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among pregnant women and pediatric patients
are a significant public health concern. ADRs monitoring and documentation are considered
essential practices to decrease the chances of ADRs and ensure the safe use of drugs.

Objective:
Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate the pattern of adverse drug reactions
among pregnant women and pediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods:
The study was conducted at Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College and Hospital,
Karnal, Haryana, for a period of 2 years. During this period, ADRs reported by the healthcare
professionals of gynecology and pediatric department to the ADRs monitoring centre of our institute
were included in the study.

Results:
Out of 54 total ADRs, 40 ADRs occurred among pregnant women, and 14 ADRs were reported
in pediatric patients. The majority of the ADRs were observed in the age group of 21-30
years (pregnant women) and 3-5 years (pediatric patients). Antibiotics were most commonly implicated
in ADRs among pregnant women (60%) and pediatric patients (79%). In our study, the dermatological
system was mostly affected among pregnant women and pediatric patients. Urticaria,
contact dermatitis, and erythematous rash were the most commonly reported ADRs among pregnant
women and pediatric patients.

Conclusion:
Over-prescribing and irrational use of antibiotics make these vulnerable populations
more susceptible to ADRs and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness
among health care professionals regarding the spontaneous reporting of ADRs for ensuring drug
safety and reducing morbidity and mortality among pregnant women and pediatric patients.