bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole pharmacodynamics against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in the in vitro chemostat model
Authors: Lasko Maxwell J , Tabor-Rennie Jennifer L , Nicolau David P , Kuti Joseph L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole has historically been the treatment of choice for infection caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. This study sought to define the pharmacodynamic indices and magnitude of exposure required for stasis and 1 log10 cfu reductions.

Methods
Pharmacodynamic studies were conducted using the in vitro chemostat model over 24 h against three trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-susceptible S. maltophilia isolates with MICs from 0.25/4.75 to 2/38 mg/L. The primary endpoint was the change in cfu at 24 h relative to baseline. The log ratio of the area under the cfu curve (LR AUcfu) was a secondary endpoint. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole exposures required for stasis and 1 log10 cfu/mL reduction were determined.

Results
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole exposures achieved stasis and 1 log10 cfu/mL reductions in 9/16 (56%) and 2/16 (13%) of experiments. Both the fAUC/MIC and fCmax/MIC were identified as equivalent pharmacodynamic drivers, with stasis achieved at an fAUC/MIC of 67.4 and 30.0 for trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, respectively. Clinically meaningful exposures required to achieve 1 log10 cfu/mL reductions were not quantifiable. The LR AUcfu analysis supported the lack of overall bacterial burden reduction against S. maltophilia.

Conclusions
In this in vitro chemostat model, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole monotherapy, even at higher doses, achieved limited activity against susceptible S. maltophilia.
Modification of BIOFISH 300 HIS for Determination of Histamine in Fish and Fish Products: AOACPerformance Tested MethodSM 051604
Authors: Garate Jone , Ortiz de Zarate Itziar , González Roberto , Jaureguibeitia Arrate , Salleres Sandra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe BIOFISH 300 HIS method for the quantification of histamine in fish and fish products was validated by the AOAC Research Institute and granted Performance Tested MethodSM certification in 2016. The method is based on the use of an electrochemical reader (BIOFISH 300 device) together with disposable gold electrodes (Biotest) modified with a specific enzyme that oxidizes the histamine molecules and produces a detectable and quantifiable electric current signal. It was validated for raw fish (tuna, mackerel, sardine, and anchovy), cooked fish (tuna), canned fish (tuna in water, tuna in oil, mackerel in tomato sauce, and pickled sardine), and salted fish (canned salted anchovy). The validated ranges were 30–150 mg/kg histamine for canned salted anchovy and 10–200 mg/kg histamine for all other matrices.ObjectiveThe objective of the present report is to validate some method modifications, namely the use of a new reader (BIOFISH 3000), the inclusion of new quantification ranges, new matrixes in the certified claims, a histamine reference solution (Verifying Solution) that will enable the user to perform a system verification, and also the inclusion of the kit ASC1-10 for the elimination of ascorbic acid from sample extract.MethodsNew quantification ranges can be obtained by diluting the sample appropriately into the measurement cuvette, thereby adjusting the concentration to the internal calibration range of the device. New matrixes such as fish meal, preserved salted anchovy, and fish with added ascorbic acid were validated. The new digitalized reader enables new functionalities such as the use of an intuitive app and cloud storage of the results, with no changes in the data acquisition and processing. As the use of the new reader does not imply any change at the electrochemical readout level, all assays were performed using the BIOFISH 3000 device.ResultsThe method was shown to be linear in all the quantitation ranges configured. Accuracy and recovery studies over a wide range of matrixes showed that the method yields comparable results to the reference method used. Stability and product consistency testing of kit components demonstrated that the system produces accurate results when expiration dates from the manufacturer are met.ConclusionsAll modifications made to the BIOFISH 300 HIS method, PTM 051604, have been validated satisfactorily, under criteria of the AOAC Research Institute.HighlightsThe use of the BIOFISH 300/3000 HIS method is ideal as a routine histamine control method for the fish industry. After a simple aqueous extraction of the sample, results are obtained in less than 3 minutes. All data generated by the new BIO3000 biosensor are sent to a web platform, allowing new functionalities to the user. All these technical capabilities represent a competitive advantage over other existing technologies.
Wind Tunnel and Field Evaluation of Trapping Efficiency of Semiochemical Baited Camera-Traps for Capturing Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Frewin Andrew J , Adams Christopher , Judd Gary , Hazell Jordan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sex pheromone baited monitoring traps are a critical tool for integrated pest management decisions against many insects, particularly codling moths (Cydia pomonella L.). The addition of cameras for remote monitoring has the potential to enhance the usefulness of these important tools. However, changes in trap design could potentially alter plume structure and trapping efficiency of these new traps. Here we look at several trap configurations designed to optimize the capture of codling moths in traps equipped with cameras. We found that, in both wind tunnel and field trials, camera equipped triangle traps and camera equipped rectangle traps (both V1 and V2) caught codling moths equivalent to a standard ‘delta’ style trap. While catch was unaffected, altering our rectangular trap opening from 4 to 8 cm (V1 and V2, respectively) decreased frequency of moths contacting the front of trap and increased the frequency of moths flying directly into the trap. We show that these novel camera equipped semiochemical-baited traps catch equivalent to the industry standard white delta trap.
Does corruption hinder female political participation? Evidence from a measure against organized crime
Authors: Baraldi Anna Laura , Ronza Carla 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article analyzes the effect of anti-corruption measures on female political empowerment. We exploit a measure that prescribes the dissolution of city councils for mafia infiltration, leading to an exogenous decrease in the level of corruption within local government. We find that the percentage of female councilors and aldermen elected after compulsory administrations, as well as the probability of a female mayor, sharply increases relative to the control group; the effect of the measure is decreasing over time. The evidence suggests that the most likely mechanism mediating the result relies on the reduction in the voter bias against women as policymakers rather than the (self-)selection of women (JEL D72, D78, J16, J71, I38).
Do not open wide; accidentally swallowed dental mold causing bowel obstruction. A case report
Authors: Negrete Jose R , Carrillo Marco D , Molina Gabriel A , Ayala O Andres V , Flores Daniel , Castillo Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Foreign body ingestion is a common condition in daily practice; fortunately, most cases do not require endoscopic or surgical treatment, as most foreign bodies pass through the intestine without injuring it. Although mainly seen in children, adults can also be affected, especially in accidental situations and suicide attempts. Therefore, the clinical history and the environment in which the event occurred are essential for a rapid diagnosis. This can be even more challenging as most adult patients are rarely aware of ingestion. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is necessary. Therapy will depend on the foreign body’s size, shape and material; treatment should not be delayed if complications are detected. We present a case of a 34-year-old man who accidentally swallowed the mold of his teeth while undergoing a dental procedure. Subsequently, he presented with an intestinal obstruction that required surgery. Fortunately, he made a full recovery.
Minimally invasive management of an ascending colonic perforation secondary to distal biliary stent migration: a multidisciplinary, novel laparoendoscopic approach
Authors: Kodia Karishma , Huerta Carlos T , Arora Yingyot , Wickham Carey , Deshpande Amar R , Paluvoi Nivedh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Endobiliary stents placed for benign and malignant indications can spontaneously dislocate from the biliary system and migrate to the distal gastrointestinal tract. Stent migration can result in gastrointestinal perforation, with the most common locations in the sigmoid and distal colon, and may require surgical intervention. We describe the case of a 60-year-old female presenting with an ascending colonic perforation secondary to a dislodged plastic biliary stent placed for palliation of her gallbladder carcinoma. The patient was managed with a combined laparoendoscopic approach by a multidisciplinary team—gastroenterology performed an endoscopic stent retrieval and colorectal surgery identified the location of the perforation laparoscopically and performed colonic serosal repairs. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged on postoperative day 4. This case demonstrates a novel minimally invasive laparoendoscopic approach at a high-volume academic center for the treatment of ascending colonic perforation secondary to biliary stent migration.
VIVID: A Web Application for Variant Interpretation and Visualization in Multi-dimensional Analyses
Authors: Tichkule Swapnil , Myung Yoochan , Naung Myo T , Ansell Brendan R E , Guy Andrew J , Srivastava Namrata , Mehra Somya , Cacciò Simone M , Mueller Ivo , Barry Alyssa E , van Oosterhout Cock , Pope Bernard , Ascher David B , Jex Aaron R 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLarge-scale comparative genomics- and population genetic studies generate enormous amounts of polymorphism data in the form of DNA variants. Ultimately, the goal of many of these studies is to associate genetic variants to phenotypes or fitness. We introduce VIVID, an interactive, user-friendly web application that integrates a wide range of approaches for encoding genotypic to phenotypic information in any organism or disease, from an individual or population, in three-dimensional (3D) space. It allows mutation mapping and annotation, calculation of interactions and conservation scores, prediction of harmful effects, analysis of diversity and selection, and 3D visualization of genotypic information encoded in Variant Call Format on AlphaFold2 protein models. VIVID enables the rapid assessment of genes of interest in the study of adaptive evolution and the genetic load, and it helps prioritizing targets for experimental validation. We demonstrate the utility of VIVID by exploring the evolutionary genetics of the parasitic protist Plasmodium falciparum, revealing geographic variation in the signature of balancing selection in potential targets of functional antibodies.
Factors associated with dropout from an intradialytic exercise program among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomoya , Yabe Hiroki , Kono Kenichi , Moriyama Yoshifumi , Yamada Tetsuya 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundContinuation of an intradialytic exercise program is necessary to improve and maintain physical function in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Factors associated with dropout must be identified to ensure program continuation. This study aimed to investigate the dropout rates from an intradialytic exercise program at 6 and 12 months in patients undergoing hemodialysis and to identify dropout predictors.MethodsThis was a multicenter, retrospective observational study. Overall, 980 patients were enrolled in this study. Grip strength, 10-m walking speed, physical function, demographics and blood sampling data were measured at baseline, and dropouts were observed. Patients were classified as either continued or dropped out of the program at 6 and 12 months. The dropout rate was calculated for each time point. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of dropout.ResultsThe dropout rate was 26.4% (n = 259) after 6 months, 24.1% (n = 172) between 6 and 12 months, and 44.3% (n = 424) overall at 1 year. Significant predictors of dropout after 6 months were slower 10-m walking speed, older age and high C-reactive protein level. Predictors of dropout after 12 months were slower 10-m walking speed and lower standardized dialysis volume.ConclusionsWalking capacity, age, inflammation and hemodialysis volume were determinants of dropout from the exercise program. Our findings provide new and important insights into the potential risk factors for dropout from long-term intradialytic exercise programs in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
A Proactive Outreach Strategy Using a Local Area Code to Refer Unassisted Smokers in a Safety Net Health System to a Quitline: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial
Authors: Valencia Cindy V , Dove Melanie S , Cummins Sharon E , Kirby Carrie , Zhu Shu-Hong , Giboney Paul , Yee Hal F , Tu Shin-Ping , Tong Elisa K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Proactive outreach offering tobacco treatment is a promising strategy outside of clinical settings, but little is known about factors for engagement. The study objective is to examine the impact of caller area code in a proactive, phone-based outreach strategy on consenting low-income smokers to a quitline e-referral.

Aims and Methods
This pragmatic randomized trial included unassisted adult smokers (n = 685), whose preferred language was English or Spanish, in a Los Angeles safety-net health system. Patients were randomized to receive a call from a local or generic toll-free area code. Log-binomial regression was used to examine the association between area code and consent to a quitline e-referral, adjusted for age, gender, language, and year.

Results
Overall, 52.1% of the patients were contacted and, among those contacted, 30% consented to a referral. The contact rate was higher for the local versus generic area code, although not statistically significant (55.6% vs. 48.7%, p = .07). The consent rate was higher in the local versus generic area code group (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.01–1.65) and also higher for patients under 61 years old than over (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.47, 95% CI 1.07–2.01), and Spanish-speaking than English-speaking patients (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.05–1.86).

Conclusions
Proactive phone-based outreach to unassisted smokers in a safety net health system increased consent to a quitline referral when local (vs. generic) area codes were used to contact patients. While contact rate did not differ by area code, proactive phone-based outreach was effective for engaging younger and Spanish-speaking smokers.

Implications
Population-based proactive phone-based outreach from a caller with a local area code to unassisted smokers in a safety net health system increases consent to an e-referral for quitline services. Findings suggest that a proactive phone-based outreach, a population-based strategy, is an effective strategy to build on the visit-based model and offer services to tobacco users, regardless of the motivational levels to quit.
Effectiveness of diet quality indices in measuring a change in diet quality over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: McAuley Erynn A , MacLaughlin Helen L , Hannan-Jones Mary T , King Neil , Ross Lynda J 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextDiet quality indices (DQIs) were developed to score and rank adherence to dietary patterns in observational studies, but their use to measure changes in diet quality in intervention trials is becoming common in the literature.ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of DQIs to measure change in diet quality in intervention trials.Data SourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from January 1994 to June 2020. Two reviewers independently completed full-text screening. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials that used validated a priori DQIs to measure change in diet quality in adults.Data ExtractionData were extracted by an independent reviewer and reviewed by the research team. Risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias 2.0 tool.Data AnalysisThe 34 included studies (52% of reviewed studies, 0.6% of initially identified studies) used 10 different DQIs, 7 of which were able to measure significant change in diet quality. Meta-analyses of pooled results demonstrated change in the Healthy Eating Index (MD 5.35; 95%CI, 2.74–7.97; P &lt; 0.001) and the Mediterranean Dietary Adherence Screener (MD 1.61; 95%CI, 1.00–2.23; P &lt; 0.001) scores. DQIs were more likely to measure change in diet quality if they reflected the diet pattern being implemented, if the intervention was significantly different from the baseline and control diets, and if the study was adequately powered to detect change.ConclusionDQIs are responsive to change in diet quality in intervention trials when the index used reflects the dietary changes made and the study is adequately powered. The appropriate selection of a DQI to suitably match dietary changes and study populations is important for future dietary intervention trials.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO registration no. CRD42020181357.
Profile and Predictors of Blood Tumor Mutational Burden in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Franses Joseph W , Lim Mir , Burgoyne Adam M , Mody Kabir , Lennerz Jochen , Chang Jeremy , Imperial Robin , Dybel Stacey N , Dinh Thi M , Masannat Jude , Weipert Caroline M , Hsiehchen David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, but there are currently no known biomarkers to predict treatment benefit. Blood TMB (bTMB) estimation via circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling can provide a convenient means to estimate HCC TMB. Here we provide the first landscape of bTMB in advanced HCC using a commercially available next-generation sequencing assay, show that it is approximately three times as high as matched tissue TMB, and show that bTMB correlates with NAFLD cirrhosis etiology and the presence of genomic alterations in HTERT and TP53. These results lay the foundation for subsequent studies evaluating bTMB as an immune therapy predictive biomarker in HCC.
Transcription factors ABF4 and ABR1 synergistically regulate amylase-mediated starch catabolism in drought tolerance
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhu Jian , Khan Madiha , Wang Yue , Xiao Wei , Fang Tian , Qu Jing , Xiao Peng , Li Chunlong , Liu Ji-Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
β-Amylase (BAM)-mediated starch degradation is a main source of soluble sugars that help plants adapt to environmental stresses. Here, we demonstrate that dehydration-induced expression of PtrBAM3 in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.) functions positively in drought tolerance via modulation of starch catabolism. Two transcription factors, PtrABF4 (P. trifoliata abscisic acid-responsive element-binding factor 4) and PtrABR1 (P. trifoliata ABA repressor 1), were identified as upstream transcriptional activators of PtrBAM3 through yeast one-hybrid library screening and protein–DNA interaction assays. Both PtrABF4 and PtrABR1 played a positive role in plant drought tolerance by modulating soluble sugar accumulation derived from BAM3-mediated starch decomposition. In addition, PtrABF4 could directly regulate PtrABR1 expression by binding to its promoter, leading to a regulatory cascade to reinforce the activation of PtrBAM3. Moreover, PtrABF4 physically interacted with PtrABR1 to form a protein complex that further promoted the transcriptional regulation of PtrBAM3. Taken together, our finding reveals that a transcriptional cascade composed of ABF4 and ABR1 works synergistically to upregulate BAM3 expression and starch catabolism in response to drought condition. The results shed light on the understanding of the regulatory molecular mechanisms underlying BAM-mediated soluble sugar accumulation for rendering drought tolerance in plants.
Analytic continuation for giant gravitons
Authors: Imamura Yosuke 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We investigate contributions of giant gravitons to the superconformal index. We concentrate on coincident giant gravitons wrapped around a single cycle, and each contribution is obtained by a certain variable change for fugacities from the index of the worldvolume theory on the giant gravitons. Because we treat the index as a series of fugacities and the variable change relates different convergence regions, we need an analytic continuation before summing up such contributions. We propose a systematic prescription for the continuation. Although our argument is based on some unproven assumptions, it passes non-trivial numerical checks for some examples. With the prescription we can calculate the indices of the M5-brane theories from those of the M2-brane theories, and vice versa.
Illiquidity and Higher Cumulants
Authors: Glebkin Sergei , Malamud Semyon , Teguia Alberto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We characterize the unique equilibrium in an economy populated by strategic CARA investors who trade multiple risky assets with arbitrarily distributed payoffs. We use our explicit solution to study the joint behavior of illiquidity of option contracts. Option bid-ask spreads are proportional to risk aversion and risk-neutral variances of option payoffs. Spreads may decrease in risk aversion, physical variance, open interest, and increase after earnings announcements in a result contrary to conventional wisdom. All these predictions are confirmed empirically using a large panel data set of U.S. stock options.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.