bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIC: a database for the transcriptional landscape of bacteria in cancer
Authors: Chen Kai-Pu , Hsu Chia-Lang , Oyang Yen-Jen , Huang Hsuan-Cheng , Juan Hsueh-Fen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Microbial communities are massively resident in the human body, yet dysbiosis has been reported to correlate with many diseases, including various cancers. Most studies focus on the gut microbiome, while the bacteria that participate in tumor microenvironments on site remain unclear. Previous studies have acquired the bacteria expression profiles from RNA-seq, whole genome sequencing, and whole exon sequencing in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). However, small-RNA sequencing data were rarely used. Using TCGA miRNA sequencing data, we evaluated bacterial abundance in 32 types of cancer. To uncover the bacteria involved in cancer, we applied an analytical process to align unmapped human reads to bacterial references and developed the BIC database for the transcriptional landscape of bacteria in cancer. BIC provides cancer-associated bacterial information, including the relative abundance of bacteria, bacterial diversity, associations with clinical relevance, the co-expression network of bacteria and human genes, and their associated biological functions. These results can complement previously published databases. Users can easily download the result plots and tables, or download the bacterial abundance matrix for further analyses. In summary, BIC can provide information on cancer microenvironments related to microbial communities. BIC is available at: http://bic.jhlab.tw/.
In vitro structural maturation of an early stage pre-40S particle coupled with U3 snoRNA release and central pseudoknot formation
Authors: Cheng Jingdong , La Venuta Giuseppe , Lau Benjamin , Berninghausen Otto , Beckmann Roland , Hurt Ed 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The transition of the 90S to the pre-40S pre-ribosome is a decisive step in eukaryotic small subunit biogenesis leading to a first pre-40S intermediate (state Dis-C or primordial pre-40S), where the U3 snoRNA keeps the nascent 18S rRNA locally immature. We in vitro reconstitute the ATP-dependent U3 release from this particle, catalyzed by the helicase Dhr1, and follow this process by cryo-EM revealing two successive pre-40S intermediates, Dis-D and Dis-E. The latter has lost not only U3 but all residual 90S factors including the GTPase Bms1. In vitro remodeling likewise induced the formation of the central pseudoknot, a universally conserved tertiary RNA structure that comprises the core of the small subunit decoding center. Thus, we could structurally reveal a key tertiary RNA folding step that is essential to form the active 40S subunit.
Overcoming barriers to implementing new guideline-directed therapies for chronic kidney disease
Authors: Nee Robert , Yuan Christina M , Narva Andrew S , Yan Guofen , Norris Keith C 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTFor the first time in many years, guideline-directed drug therapies have emerged that offer substantial cardiorenal benefits, improved quality of life and longevity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes. These treatment options include sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. However, despite compelling evidence from multiple clinical trials, their uptake has been slow in routine clinical practice, reminiscent of the historical evolution of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker use. The delay in implementation of these evidence-based therapies highlights the many challenges to optimal CKD care, including: (i) clinical inertia; (ii) low CKD awareness; (iii) suboptimal kidney disease education among patients and providers; (iv) lack of patient and community engagement; (v) multimorbidity and polypharmacy; (vi) challenges in the primary care setting; (vii) fragmented CKD care; (viii) disparities in underserved populations; (ix) lack of public policy focused on health equity; and (x) high drug prices. These barriers to optimal cardiorenal outcomes can be ameliorated by a multifaceted approach, using the Chronic Care Model framework, to include patient and provider education, patient self-management programs, shared decision making, electronic clinical decision support tools, quality improvement initiatives, clear practice guidelines, multidisciplinary and collaborative care, provider accountability, and robust health information technology. It is incumbent on the global kidney community to take on a multidimensional perspective of CKD care by addressing patient-, community-, provider-, healthcare system- and policy-level barriers.
Clinical implications and guidelines for CKD in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Rong M , Persson Frederik , McGill Janet B , Rossing Peter 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with high morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of CKD in T2D is increasing due to rising numbers of persons with T2D. Multiple clinical trials have been conducted testing novel therapies to reduce the progression of CKD, cardiovascular morbidity, in particular hospitalization for heart failure, and mortality. Results of these clinical trials have informed guidelines for the management of CKD in T2D.MethodsThe epidemiology of CKD in T2D and the process of guideline writing, including data gathering, grading and consensus development, were reviewed. Recent guidelines for the management of CKD in T2D that include recent renal outcome clinical trials are reported, along with supporting evidence.ResultsAll current guidelines recommend annual screening for CKD, control of blood pressure and glucose, although the target levels and background therapy recommendations vary. Renin–angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition is uniformly recommended. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibition with proven agents is recommended by all guidelines, with minor variations in suggested estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria levels. Finerenone, the first nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with renal outcome data, is recommended by the most recent guideline available.ConclusionsCurrent guidelines continue to recommend screening for CKD, blood pressure control using RAS inhibition as first-line therapy, and glucose control. SGLT2 inhibition and finerenone are recent additions to current guidelines to improve CKD outcomes in T2D, based on robust clinical trial data.
Overreach
Authors: Shirk Susan L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Overreach traces the trajectory of China’s peaceful rise from being a fragile superpower to a global bully. Following decades after Mao’s death in 1976, Chinese leaders adopted a restrained approach to foreign policy. China began to overreach its power after threatening Taiwan and its South China Sea neighbors, tightening its grip over Hong Kong, and challenging the preeminence of the United States in terms of economy, technology, and military. Exploring China’s political system, the book examines the country under the leadership of Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping, looking at the shifts under their respective administrations. It highlights the importance of understanding the domestic roots of China’s actions to avoid similar mistakes that could likely lead to war.
Workforce Development Services in the United States
Authors: Heinrich Carolyn J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fiscal austerity, volatile labor markets, and inadequate or depreciating labor force skills have stimulated debate about the role, scope, and targeting of public workforce development programs. While few disagree about the potential to benefit from investments in human capital, limited resources constrain who receives these services and their type and intensity. This chapter considers public- and private-sector roles in supporting human capital development and takes a close, critical look at the evidence base on the effectiveness of workforce development programs. Examining the public-sector role in seeding and supporting innovative training strategies, this investigation shows that while low-skilled, less advantaged workers are least likely to be offered private-sector (employer) training, public workforce development programs that combine education and on-the-job training with personalized, work-based learning supports (in coordination with employers) hold considerable promise for improving labor market outcomes for disadvantaged youth and adults and for better meeting employer workforce needs.
Navigating Life with Dementia
Authors: Noble James M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This book begins by establishing a shared understanding of key terms used when describing dementia and explaining how dementia differs from the normal changes of aging. It then discusses the process of establishing a diagnosis, explains how the brain works in the process, and takes a deep dive into each of the most common types of dementia. The book also explores treatments, including standard medical therapies for the symptoms of dementia, evolving treatments that target the biology of disease to potentially slow the course, and complementary strategies to support the patient and caregiver/care partner, as well as the option of participating in research. It features patient stories to help in understanding how problems may emerge in daily life. Ultimately, the book serves a dual purpose: to help in day-to-day challenges and in understanding what lies ahead.
Treatment of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Noble James M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter explores the treatment of cognitive impairment and dementia. Different classes of therapies and medications are prescribed to control specific symptoms of dementia. Treatments for early-stage dementia and mild cognitive impairment can be divided into symptom-based therapies and newly available disease-modifying therapies. Aducanumab (Aduhelm) is the first disease-modifying therapy available for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in the United States and represents a fundamental change in how Alzheimer’s is treated. Instead of just treating symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, it is designed to impact the underlying microscopic or biological changes seen in Alzheimer’s disease and, in turn, hopefully slow cognitive decline. The chapter then looks at symptom-based treatment for cognitive changes in mild dementia and middle- to late-stage dementia. It also considers the use of stem cells and gene therapy to treat forms of dementia.
Dementia Care Support
Authors: Noble James M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter discusses dementia care support. Caregiving for people with dementia can be an intense and stressful but rewarding experience. Identifying care plans and resources to help support caregivers and care partners is important to help deliver timely, efficient, and effective care. Caregivers and care partners may be spouses, children, grandchildren, or close friends. Professional caregivers can help with a range of needs, often depending on the stage of dementia. Depending on the caregiver’s phase of life, the availability of material support and resources, and the patient’s stage and needs, care may be delivered through a combination of personal and professional caregivers over the course of dementia. Care provided outside the home can largely be divided into two categories: day programs and residential living.
Occam’s Razor and the Challenges of Generalization in Ethnomethodology
Authors: Tavory Iddo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter addresses the relationship between ethnomethodology and the attempts to generalize observations in sociology. Garfinkel’s original program was sharply opposed to sociological generalization, precluding any simple inclusion of ethnomethodology into the sociological canon. However, as the author shows, conversation analysis (CA), institutional CA, and ethnomethodology-inspired ethnography provide different routes to generalize findings, while still inspired by Garfinkel’s original position. CA does so by suspending the grounds for generalization while de facto claiming extremely wide generalizability; institutional CA does so by focusing on recurring “institutional fingerprints” that mesh CA patterns with institutionally predefined structures and local pragmatics, and ethnomethodology-inspired ethnography does so by either focusing on institutions, or generalizing what the author calls a space of legibility. The author argues that although ethnomethodology deliberately loses the battle for parsimony in its insistence on the detailed production of orderliness, it is actually much closer to the original notion of Occam’s razor. Instead of assuming that generalizations—whether the researchers’ or the subjects’—have a reality beyond their instantiations, it treats the social world as built of its moments of production.
Birkbeck
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In 2023, Birkbeck, University of London celebrates 200 years of educating working people in central London. It was founded in 1923 as the London Mechanics’ Institution and, from its inception, was a pioneering and radical institution. This history is animated by the conviction that Birkbeck is its people. Their thoughts and ambitions, hopes and dreams, labour and laughter are what this book describes, celebrates, and occasionally laments. It explores the history of education as well as the history of place, politics, radicalism, class, race, gender, disciplinarity, theatre, food, leisure, war, and everyday encounters. Most of all, this book is about ideas. What does it mean to be educated? How have these meanings changed over time? What makes Birkbeck students unique? What does it mean to be fully human, exploiting our faculties in order to become better people?
Worlds at War, 1914–1918
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
At least ninety-three Birkbeckians were killed during the First World War; thousands were wounded. The College continued to operate during the war. It welcomed Belgian refugees and established classes designed to help the ‘war effort’. The travails of the men and women on the home front were trivial when compared with those in or near the front lines. However, Birkbeck staff and students had to deal with disruptions due to air raids. The biggest contribution was made by Professor of Botany, Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, who was appointed the first Chief Controller of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps. In the aftermath of the war, special classes were established for ex-servicemen. The war memorial to the dead was widely disliked.
Reds in the Classroom
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the extraordinary intellectual and political lives of Eric Hobsbawm and J. D. Bernal. It makes use of Security Service documents. Hobsbawm and Bernal were not alone amongst the intellectual ‘giants’ at Birkbeck at the time, who also included Paul Dienes, Geoffrey de Ste Croix, Robert Browning, J. W. Jeffrey, Alan Mackay, and M. S. P. Blackett. The College was a hot-bed of communist and leftist activity. Birkbeck’s left-wing academics were acutely aware of the importance of intellectuals to understanding the major crises (including war and Nazism) of their times. When Pablo Picasso visited, he drew a peace mural on the wall of Bernal’s flat. Bernal and Hobsbawm responded in different ways to revelations about Stalin’s crimes and the 1956 Soviet invasion of Hungary. For both, these events were a shock.
Disciplines
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Why do categories of knowledge appear and recede in university prospectuses? How does academic knowledge come to be ‘bunched’ into seemingly coherent entities called ‘disciplines’? This chapter explores these questions from the foundation of the London Mechanics’ Institution to today, exploring some of the ways academic disciplines have been constructed, demarcated, maintained, deconstructed, and reconstructed. It focuses on: mathematics, geography, occupational (later, organizational) psychology, and psycho-social studies. These epistemic fields and academic departments were not chosen because of their contested histories—all disciplines are constructed and contested entities. Rather, they have been selected because they illustrate some of the ways academics have apportioned different ‘ways of knowing’ into ostensibly distinctive ‘disciplines’.
Numerical Automation; Or, Computing
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Andrew Donald Booth headed the Electronic Computation Research Laboratory which later became the Department of Numerical Automation. It was the first academic department in the UK (and possible worldwide) devoted to teaching and research relating to computing. Working in partnership, he and Kathleen Britten (later, Booth) developed some of the earliest digital computers. These included the Automatic Relay Calculator in 1947, the prototype Simple Electronic Computer in 1949, and the All Purpose Electronic Computer in 1951. Booth was also the British inventor of the world’s first rotating storage device in the form of a magnetic drum as well as the binary multiplication procedure (also known as Booth’s multiplier).
‘Birkbeck’s Unique Mission?’
Authors: Bourke Joanna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter looks at threats to Birkbeck’s ‘unique mission’ of providing evening education for working Londoners. This mission was threatened by the Master, John Lockwood, in the 1960s. He planned a revolution to deal with poor accommodation in central London, significant increases in student numbers, and the 1963 Robbins Report. This would entail moving outside of central London and teaching full-time students in the daytime. The controversy was tied into the ‘two cultures’ debate, most famously articulated by C. P. Snow. What Lockwood had not anticipated was the strength of resistance from Birkbeck’s students and staff. He also harboured animosity towards J. D. Bernal and sought to shut down physics and crystallography. The bitter feuding is often said to have contributed to the deaths of both Lockwood and Bernal.
Atmospheric Attunement in the Becoming of a Happy Object
Authors: Gherardi Silvia , Cozza Michela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This chapter illustrates the empirical and processual study of affect. By drawing on a posthumanist practice theory, we conceive a research practice as an agencement of heterogeneous elements that achieve agency by entanglement, focusing on how affect realizes ‘agencing’. We experiment with ‘slow seeing’ as a research practice in our engagement with the digital materiality of a video produced for promoting welfare technologies in Sweden. We follow our ‘becoming-with’ the main character of the video and her digital embodiments as ‘self-in-control’, a ‘vulnerable’ body, a ‘technologically mediated body’, and the body of a ‘happy consumer’. From affect theory, we borrow the concept of ‘happy object’ as a method to engage the flow of performative ‘becoming-with’ ideas, values, and objects. Our contribution in theorizing the process of atmospheric attunement is noticing how the labour of attuning proceeds in iterations of sensing, becoming, and becoming-with.
Arts-Based Techniques in Process Research
Authors: Amacker Ariana , Eklund Anna Rylander 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this chapter we explore how mind-body techniques derived from arts-based pedagogy can inform process research. Following William James and John Dewey, our inquiry starts from direct experience as we aspire to ‘learn to see’ the forest for the trees both literally and figuratively. We develop a set-up to help guide intention, attention, and connection, and experiment with and reflect on body-mind techniques. As we respond to our sensory and imaginative encounter with a forest, we find out how our integrated awareness in the present moment helps us learn to notice differently. We enact a shift in perspective from an entitative view that focuses on the trees, to a processual view, which focuses on the forest as a living organism. This shift enables a different relationship to the forest, helping us notice the continuity, relationality, and temporality of the forest. These insights open up new possibilities for us as processual researchers.
Rhythms of Writing
Authors: Wegener Charlotte 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of this chapter is to write an academic text about processual aspects of research that in itself exemplifies processes of writing. The author’s research field is innovation, one hallmark of which is that ideas or objects from previously unrelated domains are brought together, or fused. The performative text presented here is an innovative experiment in writing, a rhythmanalysis that seeks to connect and even confuse the everyday and the conceptual. Connecting with the concept of ‘rhythm’, the text weaves a narrative of the entangled nature of words and life, freedom, motherhood, music, and passion. It is a text that aims to describe the world by keeping it open; it’s about being open to the world, fine-tuning the senses, and welcoming resonance—as a researcher, a human being, and most of all as a reader.
Opening Conversation on Doing Process Research
Authors: Jackson Alecia Y. , Mazzei Lisa A. , Revsbæk Line , Simpson Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This closing chapter of the book is intended to open up to a wider trans-disciplinary conversation about the doing of research that arises from a commitment to process ontology. It takes the form of a conversation between the book’s editors, Line Revsbæk and Barbara Simpson, and two prominent exponents of post-qualitative inquiry in the field of education, Alecia Jackson and Lisa Mazzei. We traverse a range of topics including the teaching of research practice and the receptivity of students to new ways of thinking, the relationship between process ontology and other post-foundationalist philosophies, the challenges of ‘posthuman subjectivities’ and ‘power’ in process ontological inquiry, and the potential for process ontological research to inform the tremendous demands for transformative change that our world(s) are increasingly imposing upon all of us. We end on an optimistic note, looking forward to ‘a people to come’.
The Legislative Priority Rule and the Internal Market for Goods
Authors: Ní Chaoimh Eadaoin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The law of the internal market, including the internal market for goods, is built on a constitutional ambiguity. This book explores how secondary (product) legislation, as interpreted and enforced by the European Court of Justice, contributes to resolving this ambiguity without undermining the free movement of goods. Chapter 1 provides the building blocks to carry out this task, by outlining the evolving role played by positive integration, both in compensating for the limits of the negative integration regime and providing a potential outlet for national Voice. To this end, it traces the concept of harmonization as understood before and after adoption of the Single European Act. It also explores how the goals of market integration and market regulation can be accommodated within the internal market for goods, in both the absence and presence of EU product rules. It is in this latter context that the Legislative Priority Rule emerges as a guide for the Court to resolve disputes in a manner that respects both the principle of institutional balance and the hierarchy of norms.