bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Et internationalt netværk af arkiver
Authors: Kromann Thomas Hvid 
Published: January 2022

Thomas Hvid Kromann: An International Network of Archives. The Situationist International and the documents left behind
The international avant-garde movement called the Situationist International, which was founded in 1957, is often considered to be one of the most important political-artistic movements of the post-war period. Over the years, a field of research within this subject has arisen in e.g. France and USA. A new trend in the 2010s, as new source material has become available, including in the archives, is a historical-archival focus. This article examines the international network of archives that is relevant for historical analyses of the Situationist International. Relevant archives are described in the article, including papers left behind by Asger Jorn and Guy Debord at home and abroad. It is argued that the conditions for access to the archives are of specific significance. The issue of the lack of completeness of the archives is also discussed. The article shows how an archival approach, subject to familiarity with the network of archives, can challenge and correct the narratives that have existed in research so far, with Guy Debord as a particular focal point. The article concludes with an analysis of Debord’s own archive and emphasises the need for a critical approach to archives that are arranged by people while they are still alive.
Bestilt arbejde
Authors: Lauridsen John T. 
Published: January 2022

John T. Lauridsen: Hot work.Changes in attitudes in the Copenhagen press between 1941 and 1943
The position of the Danish press and the behaviour of the Foreign Ministry’s presscentre during the German occupation have only been examined sporadically and inadequately.This is illustrated taking outset in Politiken’s crime correspondent, VilhelmBergstrom’s diary and articles recording two court cases involving communists in 1941and 1943. The legal proceedings in both cases were commissioned and orchestratedby the German occupation forces, using Danish courtrooms as the backdrop. In 1941,the Foreign Ministry’s press centre called on newspapers to write about the case, but in1943 the head of the centre remained silent while the drama unfolded as the Germanswanted. There was also a clear difference between the press coverage in 1941 and 1943.In 1941, the majority of the press coverage was about an international terrorist storycentred on communism as the villain, and there was no lack of violent outcomes innewspaper leaders. None of them cast a thought for the mindless contribution theywere making to the occupying forces’ anti-communist propaganda. The backdrop forthis was widespread anti-communism in Denmark.The situation had changed in 1943. It dawned on journalists that they had servedthe interests of the occupying forces in their coverage of a brutal murder committedby communists in 1936, and they wrote their reports on the 1943 case with this inmind. They were more restrained, even though the murder story in itself was juicystuff in peaceful Denmark. As one of the journalists noted, it was time to think aboutthe future, with the advance of the USSR after the German defeat at Stalingrad, thepolitical landscape could change very quickly, so it was a bad idea to have been a meremouthpiece for the occupying forces. Reflection had taken over.
Morphological and Morphometric Analysis of Stylomastoid Foramen in Dry Human Skulls and its Clinical Implications
Authors: Vaishali B. , Mohanraj Karthik Ganesh 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Stylomastoid foramen present between two processes which are styloid process and mastoid process. Facial nerve and stylomastoid arteries are transmitted through the stylomastoid foramen. Facial canal gets terminated in the stylomastoid foramen. Stylomastoid foramen has a site for facial nerve block. Complications reduced by localization of foramen.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the morphology and morphometry of stylomastoid foramen.
Materials and Methods: Damaged skulls were excluded and 60 dry human skulls without any damage were taken for this study. By using digital vernier caliper length and breath of the stylomastoid foramen was measured. Then the statistical analysis was done using SPSS software and paired t-tests were done for comparison.
Results: The length and breadth of the right stylomastoid foramen was 2.39 ± 0.18 mm and 0.85 ± 0.12 mm and the left stylomastoid foramen was 2.18 ±0.33 mm and 1.13 ± 0.38 mm. From the paired t-tests it was very clear that the difference between the breath of right and left stylomastoid foramen was significant (p<0.05) and difference between the length of right and left stylomastoid foramen was not significant (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: The narrow size of stylomastoid foramen varied from individual skull to other. The accurate value for length and breadth, was measured to determine the variations of facial nerve emerging through it. The change in length and breadth of stylomastoid foramen can be correlated with its clinical aspects with reference to facial nerve.
Assessment of Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, Thrombolytic, Anti Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activity of Curcuma longa Linn, Cissus quadrangularis and Boerhaavia diffusa Herbal Mixture - An In vitro Study
Authors: Dinesh Y. , Abilasha R. , Ramani Pratibha , Rajeshkumar S. 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aim: Plants play an important role in drug research, and the pharmaceutical industry is heavily reliant on natural products for new drug development. Curcumin, a natural compound contained in the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa Linn., has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties in scientific studies. Cissus quadrangularis L. is a fleshy plant that can be found all over the world, especially in Asia, Africa, and a few other warm tropical areas. Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Nyctaginaceae) is present in the tropical regions of India, South America, and Africa. B. diffusa roots are commonly used in Ayurveda to treat various ailments. The aim of the study is to assess the cytotoxic, antioxidant and thrombolytic, antiinflammatory and antimicrobial properties of the aqua-alcoholic extract of the herbal mixture (Curcuma longa Linn +Cissus quadrangularis +Boerhaavia diffusa )
Methods: Aqua-alcoholic extract of mixture of Curcuma longa Linn, Cissus quadrangularis and Boerhaavia diffusa was prepared. Phytochemical in-vitro studies were done using the CCB mixture cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality assay, antioxidant activity by DPPH assay, anti inflammatory activity by albumin denaturation assay, antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans by agar well diffusion method, thrombolytic activity by clot lysis assay.
Results: The CCB mixture showed good cytotoxic activity at varying concentration in brine shrimp lethality assay, increasing antioxidant activity with DPPH assay, increasing thrombolytic activity, increasing anti inflammatory activity with increasing concentration, the anti microbial activity was not efficient as positive controls.
Conclusion: In this in-vitro study the CCB mixture shows improved cytotoxic, antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. Further studies on invivo animal and human clinical trials needs to be done.
Spatial abilities associated with open math problem solving
Authors: Wang Li , Cao Chen , Zhou Xinlin , Qi Chunxia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOpen math problem solving is critical to help students deepen the understanding and promote transfer of mathematics knowledge. However, the cognitive mechanism for open math problem solving, particularly the role of spatial abilities, has not been paid enough attention. This study recruited 192 junior middle school students (14.30 ± 0.48 years old). Results showed that both spatial visualisation (measured by paper folding) and spatial working memory (measured by spatial 2‐back) significantly associated with open math problem solving with controlled variables including age, sex, nonverbal matrix reasoning, and arithmetic principles. Moreover, spatial working memory was more associated with easy open math problem solving, while spatial visualisation more associated with difficult open math problem solving. These findings suggested that as the difficulty of open math problems increased, the construction of problem space mattered more than retaining and updating problem space in open math problem solving.
Mucosa‐Like Conformal Hydrogel Coating for Aqueous Lubrication
Authors: Bai Meng‐Han , Zhao Baisong , Liu Zhou‐Yun‐Tong , Zheng Zi‐Li , Wei Xin , Li Lingli , Li Ka , Song Xingrong , Xu Jia‐Zhuang , Li Zhong‐Ming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMucosa is a protective and lubricating barrier in biological tissue, which has a great clinical inspiration because of its slippery, soft, and hydrophilic surface. However, mimicking mucosal traits on complex surface remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a novel approach to create mucosa‐like conformal hydrogel coating is developed. A thin conformal hydrogel layer mimicking the epithelial layer is obtained by first absorbing micelles, followed by forming covalent interlinks with the polymer substrate via interface‐initiated hydrogel polymerization. The resulting coating exhibits uniform thickness (≈15 µm), mucosa‐matched compliance (Young's modulus = 1.1 ± 0.1 kPa) and lubrication (coefficients of friction = 0.018 ± 0.003), robust interfacial bonding against peeling (peeling strength = 1218.0 ± 187.9 J m–2), as well as high water absorption capacity. It effectively resists adhesion of proteins and bacteria without compromising biocompatibility. As demonstrated by an in vivo cynomolgus monkey model and clinical trial, applications of the mucosa‐like conformal hydrogel coating on the endotracheal tube significantly reduce intubation‐related complications, such as invasive stimuli, mucosal lesions, laryngeal edema, inflammation, and postoperative pain. This work offers a promising prototype for surface decoration of biomedical devices and holds great prospects for clinical translation to enable interventional operations with minimally invasive impacts.
Computational Exploration Toward Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon) Solar Cells: Tailoring Higher Efficiency
Authors: Zhou Jiakai , Ren Chengchao , Su Xianglin , Liu Xiaoning , Huang Qian , Zhang Xiaodan , Hou Guofu , Zhao Ying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDespite the inescapable technical challenges and unclear operating mechanisms, the last few years have witnessed considerable advances in tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) structured solar cells, most of which are centered around improving the device performance so as to truly become a step forward from current mainstream technologies. However, a systematic numerical exploration is urgently required to gain a thorough understanding of the effect of the core parameters of the device on the final performance. Here, the numerical simulation way is used to explore the potential of TOPCon technology, focused on the pursuit of higher efficiency. An exhaustive analysis concerning tunnel SiOx and doped polysilicon (poly‐Si) with field passivation effect is carried out to tailor excellent surface passivation. The simulation also suggests that the ultra‐thin SiOx with extremely low pinhole density can suppress the recombination of carriers, thus promoting the passivation quality. Additionally, simulation research is conducted on the potential of using poly‐SiOx(n+) as the doped layer, and an efficiency of 27.60% is realized via adjusting the optimal band gap and dopant concentration. Briefly, this work presents a comprehensive computational analysis of the tunnel oxide, doped layer and their synergistic impacts on the final performance.
Economic performance characterization of intensive shrimp (Penaeus monodon) farming systems in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Hazrat , Rahman Muhammad Meezanur , Jaman Ahmed , Basak Siddhwartha Kumar , Eltholth Mahmoud , Murray Francis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntensive shrimp (Penaeus monodon) production system is relatively new in Bangladesh, and has not yet been adequately described or its viability assessed. The aims of this study were to characterize, assess the economic performance and identify challenges for intensive shrimp farming in Bangladesh. A survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire enumerated between October 2016 to June 2017 with 53 farmers in three districts of Khulna Province, southwest Bangladesh. The surveyed farms were categorized into small, medium and large scale based on the number of culture ponds. The average production, operational costs, gross and net income, net income, and cost‐benefit ratios were higher in large farms, followed by medium and small farms. A Cobb–Douglas production function model was used to identify factors influencing shrimp yields, with feed management, health management, pond depth and aeration identified as significant factors. The benefit‐cost ratio was higher than 1, indicative of a positive investment efficiency of intensive shrimp farming system for farmers. Major challenges were associated with quality of inputs, high investment, maintenance of biosecurity and disease outbreaks, water quality, limited number of input suppliers and lack of diagnostic services and technical information at farm level. Our findings suggest that there is an urgent need for human capacity development for shrimp farm owners, workers and technicians. It is also important to improve access to quality inputs, rapid and affordable diagnostics and other technical services.
Methyl benzoate derivatives as inhibitors of pentose phosphate pathway, which promotes cancer progression and drug resistance: An in silico study supported by in vitro results
Authors: Kesebir Arzu Öztürk , Güller Pınar , Kalın Ramazan , Özdemir Hasan , Küfrevioğlu Ömer İrfan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), whose products are vital in biosynthetic events, is targeted in the treatment of many diseases such as cancer and malaria. The objective of this study was to identify new PPP inhibitors. The inhibition effects of methyl 4‐amino benzoates on glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) were analyzed through in vitro experiments and molecular docking studies were used to estimate inhibition mechanisms. IC50 values of compounds were found between 100.8 and 430.8 μM for G6PD and 206 and 693.2 μM for 6PGD. Molecular docking analysis showed that compound 1 was found the most effective inhibitor against hG6PD and compound 4 had the highest inhibitory potency against h6PGD with the estimated binding energy of −6.71 and −7.61 kcal/mol, respectively. In conclusion, it was determined that in vitro and in silico outcomes of the study were highly correlated with each other. The structure of these benzoates may aid in the development of drugs that target the PPP.
l‐Lactate oxidase‐mediated removal of l‐lactic acid derived from fermentation medium for the production of optically pure D‐lactic acid
Authors: Okano Kenji , Sato Yu , Hama Shnji , Tanaka Tsutomu , Noda Hideo , Kondo Akihiko , Honda Kohsuke 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere has been an increasing demand for optically pure d‐lactic and l‐lactic acid for the production of stereocomplex‐type polylactic acid. The d‐lactic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass is important owing to its great abundance in nature. Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a cheap nitrogen source used for industrial fermentation, though it contains a significant amount of l‐lactic acid, which decreases the optical purity of d‐lactic acid produced.Method and resultsTo remove l‐lactic acid derived from the CSL‐based medium, l‐lactate oxidase (LoxL) from Enterococcus sp. NBRC 3427 was expressed in an engineered Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formally called Lactobacillus plantarum) strain KOLP7, which exclusively produces d‐lactic acid from both hexose and pentose sugars. When the resulting strain was applied for d‐lactic acid fermentation from the mixed sugars consisting of the major constituent sugars of lignocellulose (35 g L–1 glucose, 10 g L–1 xylose, and 5 g L–1 arabinose) using the medium containing 10 g L–1 CSL, it completely removed l‐lactic acid derived from CSL (0.52 g L–1) and produced 41.7 g L–1 of d‐lactic acid. The l‐lactic acid concentration was below the detection limit, and improvement in the optical purity of d‐lactic acid was observed (from 98.2% to > 99.99%) by the overexpression of LoxL.Conclusion and implicationsThe LoxL‐mediated consumption of l‐lactic acid would enable the production of optically pure d‐lactic acid in any medium contaminated by l‐lactic acid.
Engineering Acetobacterium woodii for the production of isopropanol and acetone from carbon dioxide and hydrogen
Authors: Arslan Kübra , Schoch Teresa , Höfele Franziska , Herrschaft Sabrina , Oberlies Catarina , Bengelsdorf Frank , Veiga María C. , Dürre Peter , Kennes Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe capability of four genetically modified Acetobacterium woodii strains for improved production of acetone from CO2 and hydrogen was tested. The acetone biosynthesis pathway was constructed by combining genes from Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium aceticum. Expression of acetone production genes was demonstrated in all strains. In bioreactors with continuous gas supply, all produced acetic acid, acetone, and, surprisingly, isopropanol. The production of isopropanol was caused by an endogenous secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (SADH) activity at low gas‐feeding rate. Although high amounts of the natural end product acetic acid of A. woodii were formed,14.5 mM isopropanol and 7.6 mM acetone were also detected, showing that this is a promising approach for the production of new solvents from C1 gases. The highest acetic acid, acetone, and isopropanol production was detected in the recombinant A. woodii [pJIR750_ac1t1] strain, with final concentrations of 438 mM acetic acid, 7.6 mM acetone, and 14.5 mM isopropanol. The engineered strain A. woodii [pJIR750_ac1t1] was found to be the most promising strain for acetone production from a gas mixture of CO2 and H2 and the formation of isopropanol in A. woodii was shown for the first time.
Glass children: The lived experiences of siblings of people with a disability or chronic illness
Authors: Hanvey Imogen , Malovic Aida , Ntontis Evangelos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSiblings of disabled or chronically ill children are often hidden family members and their needs for support might not be met. Current research however is limited in its understanding of siblings' lived experiences. This study uses semi‐structured interviews to explore the lived experiences of 16 individuals (referred to as siblings) who grew up with a disabled or chronically ill brother or sister. Participants reflected on their childhood and adolescent experiences as siblings, focusing on their social interactions and relationships, social support, and wellbeing. Using thematic analysis, we identified four distinct but theoretically related themes; participants experienced (a) feelings of invisibility during social interactions, (b) psychological difficulties due to the internalisation of family roles or life conditions, and (c) feelings of guilt and self‐blame. Finally, (d) social support was central as siblings were sometimes unable to understand their own needs, and support from family and peer groups helped them have their negative experiences validated. Our findings suggest greater support for siblings is required with a focus on addressing negative feelings and the availability of social support from people with similar experiences.
Anti‐inflammatory role demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo models using nonsteroidal tetranortriterpenoid, Nimbin (N1) and its analogs (N2 and N3) that alleviate the domestication of alternative medicine
Authors: Sudhakaran Gokul , Prathap Pandurangan , Guru Ajay , Rajesh Ravi , Sathish Sruthy , Madhavan Thirumurthy , Arasu Mariadhas V. , Al‐Dhabi Naif A. , Choi Ki Choon , Gopinath Pushparathinam , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHuman health may benefit from the study of natural compounds and phytoconstituents that can protect from inflammation. We investigated Nimbin (N1), a member of the ring C Seco‐tetranortriterpenoids family, and its semi‐natural analog deacetyl Nimbin namely N2 and N3 for their anti‐inflammatory properties. As key findings, N1, N2, and N3 were able to improve wound healing by cell proliferation in a period of 24 h and were able to reduce the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Madin–Darby Canine Kidney cells which were screened using dichloro‐dihydro fluorescein diacetate (DCF‐DA) staining. When the zebrafish larvae were subjected to DCF‐DA assay N1, N2, and N3 were able to substantially reduce the ROS levels in a dose‐dependent manner. In zebrafish larvae, the cell death indicates the fluorescent intensity due to acridine orange staining that was found to be dramatically decreasing upon the treatment of N1, N2, and N3. The cell membrane lipid peroxidation levels were also reduced in a dose‐dependent manner upon the treatment of Nimbin and its analogs indicating lesser blue fluorescent levels. Among the Nimbin and its analogs, N2 was subjected to have better activity. To confirm the activity of N1, N2, and N3, in silico characterization was performed using Density functional theory and molecular docking. As a result, N2 exhibited the lowest electronegative value and highest binding energy when docked with anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant proteins CAT, COX, GP, IL‐1, and MPO. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of N2 must be explored at the molecular level as well as in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammation‐associated diseases.
Neuregulin‐1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells in vitro
Authors: Li Ling , Shang Lingling , Kang Wenyan , Du Lingqian , Ge Shaohua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNeuregulin‐1 (NRG‐1) can promote the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of multiple stem cells, as well as prohibit cell apoptosis. In the present study, we aimed to explore the effects of NRG‐1 on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenic, and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in vitro. The expression of erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 (ERBB2), ERBB3, and ERBB4 on PDLSCs were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence. The effects of NRG‐1 on the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, angiogenic and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs were assessed by cell proliferation and viability assays, transwell migration assay, flow cytometry assay, tubule formation assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and Alizarin Red S staining, respectively. Gene expression of angiogenesis and osteogenesis‐related markers were detected by qRT‐PCR. Among the ERBB family members, ERBB2 had the highest expression level in PDLSCs. Further, 10 ng/ml NRG‐1 exhibited the maximal effect on proliferation, migration and remarkably inhibited the apoptosis of PDLSCs (p < .05). Moreover, NRG‐1 upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule‐1 (CD31), hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF), kinase insert domain‐containing receptor (KDR) in a dose‐dependent manner as well as induced more tube formation. However, NRG‐1 did not affect osteogenesis (p > .05). In summary, our study demonstrated that NRG‐1 promotes the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and inhibits the apoptosis of PDLSCs in vitro and can potentially be used in tissue engineering for periodontal regeneration.