bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life after sialendoscopy: prospective non-randomized study
Authors: Melo Giulianno Molina , Neves Murilo Catafesta , Rosano Marcello , Vanni Christiana Maria Ribeiro Salles , Abrahao Marcio , Cervantes Onivaldo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The symptomatic (swelling and pain) salivary gland obstructions are caused by sialolithiasis and salivary duct stenosis, negatively affecting quality of life (QOL), with almost all candidates for clinical measures and minimally invasive sialendoscopy. The impact of sialendoscopy treatment on the QOL has been little addressed nowadays. The objective is to prospectively evaluate the impact of sialendoscopy on the quality of life of patients undergoing sialendoscopy due to benign salivary obstructive diseases, measured through QOL questionnaires of xerostomia degree, the oral health impact profile and post sialendoscopy satisfaction questionnaires.

Result
37 sialendoscopies were included, most young female; there were 64.5% sialolithiasis and 35.4% post-radioiodine; with 4.5 times/week painful swelling symptoms and 23.5 months symptom duration. The pre- and post-sialendoscopy VAS values were: 7.42 to 1.29 (p < 0.001); 86.5% and 89.2% were subjected to sialendoscopy alone and endoscopic dilatation respectively; 80.6% reported improved symptoms after sialendoscopy in the sialolithiasis clinic (p < 0.001). The physical pain and psychological discomfort domain scores were mostly impacted where sialendoscopy provided relief and improvement (p < 0.001). We found a positive correlation between sialendoscopy and obstructive stone disease (p < 0.001) and no correlation in sialendoscopy satisfaction in xerostomia patients (p = 0.009).

Conclusions
We found improved symptoms with overall good satisfaction after sialendoscopy correlated with stones; and a negative correlation between xerostomia. Our findings support the evident indication of sialendoscopy for obstructive sialolithiasis with a positive impact on QOL and probably a relative time-dependent indication for stenosis/other xerostomia causes that little improved QOL satisfaction.

Level of evidence
2b—Prospective non-randomized study.
Trial registration: WHO Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1247-7028; Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBeC): RBR-6p8zfs.
Latissimus dorsi muscle flap transfer through endoscopic approach combined with the implant after tissue expansion for breast reconstruction of mastectomy patients
Authors: Ma Jian-Xun , Li Bi , Xia You-Chen , You Wei-Tao , Zhang Jie , Sun Yi-Mou , Chang Xu , Lang Yue 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Implant-based breast reconstruction is easy to be performed but has flaws that an unnatural appearance might be presented when no sufficient coverage existing. While autologous tissue reconstruction also has disadvantages like donor site scar and skin patch effect. There is a demand for a new method to obtain natural and aesthetic appearance while surmounting drawbacks of conventional breast reconstruction surgery.

Methods

A retrospective review of thirty-one patients undergoing tissue expander (TE)/implant two-stage breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi muscle flap (LDMF) transfer through endoscopic approach in Peking University Third Hospital from April 2016 to August 2020 was performed. The LDMF harvest time, drain time, and complications were reviewed. The 3D volume was obtained to assess the volume symmetry of bilateral breasts. The BREAST-Q reconstruction module was used to evaluate the satisfaction.

Results

The mean endoscopic LDMF harvest time was 90.4 min. In the mean follow-up of 11.2 months, there were no severe capsular contracture happened. The reconstructed side achieved good volume symmetry to the contralateral side (P = 0.256). Based on the evaluation of the BREAST-Q scores, the outcome of Satisfaction with Breasts was excellent or good in 87.1% of the cases.

Conclusions

The novel type of two-stage breast reconstruction protocol, which includes tissue expansion followed by implant insertion with endoscopy-assisted LDMF transfer, could effectively reduce visible scars, avoid the patch effect, while require short time for LDMF harvest and present low incidence of complications. It is a promising method for breast reconstruction because it achieves good outcomes in the mastectomy patients.
Joint effect of particulate matter and cigarette smoke on women’s sex hormones
Authors: Merklinger-Gruchala Anna , Jasienska Grazyna , Thune Inger , Kapiszewska Maria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Although relationships between exposure to air pollution and reproductive health are broadly studied, mechanisms behind these phenomena are still unknown. The aim of the study was to assess whether exposure to particulate matter (PM10) and tobacco smoking have an impact on menstrual profiles of 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) and the E2/P ratio.

Methods
Levels of sex hormones were measured daily in saliva during the entire menstrual cycle among 132 healthy, urban women. Exposure to smoking (active or passive) was assessed by questionnaire, whilst exposure to PM10 with municipal monitoring data.

Results
During the early luteal phase, profiles of E2 were elevated among women with higher versus lower exposure to PM10 (p = 0.02, post-hoc tests). Among those who were exposed versus unexposed to tobacco smoking, the levels of mean E2 measured during the entire cycle were higher (p = 0.02). The difference in mean E2 levels between the group of joint exposure (i.e. to high PM10 and passive or active smoking) versus the reference group (low PM10, no smoking) was statistically significant at p = 0.03 (18.4 vs. 12.4 pmol/l, respectively). The E2/P ratios were higher among women with higher versus lower exposure to PM10 and this difference was seen only in the early luteal phase (p = 0.01, exploratory post-hoc tests).

Conclusions
We found that PM10 and tobacco smoking affect ovarian hormones independently and do not interact with each other. Both exposures appear to have estrogenic effects even though women's susceptibility to these effects differs across the menstrual cycle. We propose that the hormonal mechanisms are involved in observed relationships between air pollution and smoking with women’s reproductive health.
The design of an evaluation framework for diabetes self-management education and support programs delivered nationally
Authors: Olson Jenny Louise , White Becky , Mitchell Helen , Halliday Jennifer , Skinner Timothy , Schofield Deborah , Sweeting Jennifer , Watson Natasha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this work was to develop a National Evaluation Framework to facilitate the standardization of delivery, quality, reporting, and evaluation of diabetes education and support programs delivered throughout Australia through the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS). The NDSS is funded by the Australian Government, and provides access to diabetes information, education, support, and subsidized product across diverse settings in each state and territory of Australia through seven independent service-providers. This article reports the approach undertaken to develop the Framework.MethodsA participatory approach was undertaken, focused on adopting nationally consistent outcomes and indicators, nominating objectives and measurement tools, specifying evaluation processes, and developing quality standards. Existing programs were classified based on related, overarching indicators enabling the adoption of a tiered system of evaluation.ResultsTwo outcomes (i.e., improved clinical, reduced cost) and four indicators (i.e., improved knowledge and understanding, self-management, self-determination, psychosocial adjustment) were adopted from the Eigenmann and Colagiuri national consensus position statement for diabetes education. This allowed for the identification of objectives (i.e., improved empowerment, reduced distress, autonomy supportive program delivery, consumer satisfaction) and related measurement instruments. Programs were categorized as comprehensive, topic-specific, or basic education, with comprehensive programs allocated to receive the highest-level of evaluation. Eight quality standards were developed, with existing programs tested against those standards. Based on the results of testing, two comprehensive (OzDAFNE for people with type 1 diabetes, DESMOND for people with type 2 diabetes), and eight topic-specific (CarbSmart, ShopSmart, MonitorSmart, FootSmart, MedSmart, Living with Insulin, Insulin Pump Workshop, Ready Set Go – Let’s Move) structured diabetes self-management education and support programs were nominated for national delivery.ConclusionsThe National Evaluation Framework has facilitated consistency of program quality, delivery, and evaluation of programs delivered by multiple service providers across diverse contexts. The Framework could be applied by other service providers who facilitate multiple diabetes education and support programs and could be adapted for use in other chronic disease populations where education and support are indicated.
Aujeszky’s disease in hunting dogs after the ingestion of wild boar raw meat in Sicily (Italy): clinical, diagnostic and phylogenetic features
Authors: Ciarello Flavia Pruiti , Moreno Ana , Miragliotta Nicola , Antonino Aliberti , Fiasconaro Michele , Purpari Giuseppa , Amato Benedetta , Ippolito Dorotea , Di Marco Lo Presti Vincenzo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAujeszky's disease is caused by Suid Herpes Virus-1 and species belonging to the genusSus scrofaare the main reservoir hosts. This virus, however, is capable of infecting and causing severe disease, with an almost constant fatal outcome in other species, both domestic and wild (carnivores, monogastric herbivores and ruminants). Moreover, the possibility of transmission to humans has been demonstrated. This study reports and describes the clinical, diagnostic, pathological and phylogenetic aspects of two cases of Aujeszky's disease in two hunting dogs following the ingestion of infected wild boar raw meat. These cases are contextualized in the province of Messina (Sicily), where a high prevalence of Aujeszky's disease has been recorded (average of 12,20% in the period 2010–2019) in farmed pig, and with evidence of spread to other species. A severe outbreak in cattle has recently been reported in these areas. Nevertheless, cases of Aujeszky's disease in dogs are rarely reported and this study represents the first well-documented report in this species in Sicily.Case presentationAfter a wild boar hunt, two dogs showed neurological symptoms and intense itching unresponsive to therapy. Diagnosis of Aujeszky's disease was made based on clinical suspicion, anamnestic information and confirmed by the isolation of the virus from the brain of both dogs. In addition, molecular typing, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the Real-Time PCR products were performed. The sequences studied were placed in the Italian Clade 1 along with the sequences obtained from wild boars and hunting dogs from Italy and France.ConclusionsThe finding of this disease in non-natural hosts in Sicilian multi-host epidemiological contexts suggests that the risk of inter-species transmission is concrete and that attention should be paid to developing disease control programs in these territories. The data obtained from genome sequencing of the two SuHV-1 isolates contribute to the enrichment of the GenBank with unknown sequences and the phylogenetic analysis implementation.
Health symptom trajectories and neurotoxicant exposures in Gulf War veterans: the Ft. Devens cohort
Authors: Krengel Maxine H. , Zundel Clara G. , Heeren Timothy , Yee Megan , Spiro Avron , Proctor Susan P. , Grasso Claudia M. , Sullivan Kimberly 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Thirty years ago, Gulf War (GW) veterans returned home with numerous health symptoms that have been associated with neurotoxicant exposures experienced during deployment. The health effects from these exposures have been termed toxic wounds. Most GW exposure-outcome studies utilize group analyses and thus individual fluctuations in symptoms may have been masked. This study investigates health symptom trajectories in the same veterans over 25 years.

Methods
Veterans were categorized into 5 a priori trajectory groups for each health symptom and Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI) clinical case status. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between these trajectories and neurotoxicant exposures.

Results
Results indicate that more than 21 Pyridostigmine Bromide (PB) pill exposure was associated with consistent reporting of fatigue, pain, and cognitive/mood symptoms as well as the development of six additional symptoms over time. Chemical weapons exposure was associated with both consistent reporting and development of neurological symptoms over time. Reported exposure to tent heater exhaust was associated with later development of gastrointestinal and pulmonary symptoms. Veterans reporting exposure to more than 21 PB pills were more than 8 times as likely to consistently meet the criteria for CMI over time.

Conclusion
This study highlights the importance of the continued documentation of the health impacts experienced by GW veterans’, their resulting chronic health symptoms, and the importance of exposure-outcome relationships in these veterans now 30 years post-deployment.
A qualitative study on pharmacy policies toward over-the-counter syringe sales in a rural epicenter of US drug-related epidemics
Authors: Fadanelli Monica , Cooper Hannah L. F. , Freeman Patricia R. , Ballard April M. , Ibragimov Umed , Young April M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Expanding access to sterile syringes in rural areas is vital, as injection-related epidemics expand beyond metropolitan areas globally. While pharmacies have potential to be an easily accessible source of sterile syringes, research in cities has identified moral, legal and ethical barriers that preclude over-the-counter (OTC) sales to people who inject drugs (PWID). The current study builds on prior urban-based research by elucidating (1) pharmacy OTC policies and (2) pharmacists’ rationale for, and barriers and facilitators to, OTC syringe sales in a US rural area hard hit by drug-related epidemics.

Methods
We conducted 14 semi-structured interviews with pharmacists recruited from two Eastern Kentucky health districts. Interview domains included experiences with, and attitudes toward, selling OTC syringes to PWID. Constructivist grounded theory methods were used to analyze verbatim transcripts.

Results
Most pharmacists operated “restrictive OTC” pharmacies (n = 8), where patients were required to have a prescription or proof of medical need to purchase a syringe. The remainder (n = 6) operated “open OTC” pharmacies, which allowed OTC syringe sales to most patients. Both groups believed their pharmacy policies protected their community and pharmacy from further drug-related harm, but diverging policies emerged because of stigma toward PWID, perceptions of Kentucky law, and belief OTC syringe sales were harmful rather than protective to the community.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that restrictive OTC pharmacy policies are rooted in stigmatizing views of PWID. Anti-stigma education about substance use disorder (SUD), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Hepatitis C (HCV) is likely needed to truly shift restrictive pharmacy policy.
“There hasn’t been a career structure to step into”: a qualitative study on perceptions of allied health clinician researcher careers
Authors: Brandenburg Caitlin , Ward Elizabeth C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
There are many demonstrated benefits for health service organizations engaging in research. As a result, growing numbers of clinicians are being encouraged to pursue research as part of their clinical roles, including in allied health (AH). However, while the benefits of having clinician researchers embedded in AH services have been well established, the career needs of those engaged in these dual roles are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to examine perspectives of the career pathway for AH clinicians engaged in “clinician researcher” roles within Australian health services.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to ensure selection of varied locations, professions and role types. Results were analysed using thematic analysis. Trustworthiness was established using regular peer debriefing during theme development, and respondent validation of final themes.

Results
Fifty-seven AH clinician researchers, including those who did and did not have research as a formal component of their current role, participated in semi-structured interviews. Key themes were as follows: (1) clinician researchers prefer roles which are embedded in health services; (2) current opportunities for clinician researcher roles in health are insufficient; (3) there are deficiencies in the pathway for clinician researcher careers; (4) clinician researchers are not always valued or incentivized by health services; (5) the current career challenges impair the viability of clinician researcher careers; and (6) the clinician researcher career path has been improving, and there is hope it will continue to improve.

Conclusion
This study outlines a number of weaknesses in the current career structure and opportunities for AH clinician researchers in Australian health services. In particular, while there are strong intrinsic drivers to pursue this dual career, extrinsic drivers are poorly developed, including a lack of job opportunities, an unstable career pathway and a lack of valuing or incentivizing this career choice within health services. This often means that clinician researchers feel compelled to choose between a research or clinical career, leading to loss of this valuable combined skill set. The findings of this research may assist health services in developing and supporting improved clinician researcher career pathways.
Comprehensive analysis of a TNF family based-signature in diffuse gliomas with regard to prognosis and immune significance
Authors: Wang Qiang-Wei , Lin Wei-Wei , Zhu Yong-Jian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Several studies have shown that members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family play an important role in cancer immunoregulation, and trials targeting these molecules are already underway. Our study aimed to integrate and analyze the expression patterns and clinical significance of TNF family-related genes in gliomas.

Methods
A total of 1749 gliomas from 4 datasets were enrolled in our study, including the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset as the training cohort and the other three datasets (CGGA, GSE16011, and Rembrandt) as validation cohorts. Clinical information, RNA expression data, and genomic profile were collected for analysis. We screened the signature gene set by Cox proportional hazards modelling. We evaluated the prognostic value of the signature by Kaplan–Meier analysis and timeROC curve. Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis were performed for functional annotation. CIBERSORT algorithm and inflammatory metagenes were used to reveal immune characteristics.

Results
In gliomas, the expression of most TNF family members was positively correlated. Univariate analysis showed that most TNF family members were related to the overall survival of patients. Then through the LASSO regression model, we developed a TNF family-based signature, which was related to clinical, molecular, and genetic characteristics of patients with glioma. Moreover, the signature was found to be an independent prognostic marker through survival curve analysis and Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, a nomogram prognostic model was constructed to predict individual survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years. Functional annotation analysis revealed that the immune and inflammatory response pathways were enriched in the high-risk group. Immunological analysis showed the immunosuppressive status in the high-risk group.

Conclusions
We developed a TNF family-based signature to predict the prognosis of patients with glioma.
VCP/p97 inhibitor CB-5083 modulates muscle pathology in a mouse model of VCP inclusion body myopathy
Authors: Cheng Cheng , Weiss Lan , Leinonen Henri , Shmara Alyaa , Yin Hong Z. , Ton Timothy , Do Annie , Lee Jonathan , Ta Lac , Mohanty Eshanee , Vargas Jesse , Weiss John , Palczewski Krzysztof , Kimonis Virginia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPathogenic gain of function variants in Valosin-containing protein (VCP) cause a unique disease characterized by inclusion body myopathy with early-onset Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (also known as Multisystem proteinopathy (MSP)). Previous studies in drosophila models of VCP disease indicate treatment with VCP inhibitors mitigates disease pathology. Earlier-generation VCP inhibitors display off-target effects and relatively low therapeutic potency. New generation of VCP inhibitors needs to be evaluated in a mouse model of VCP disease. In this study, we tested the safety and efficacy of a novel and potent VCP inhibitor, CB-5083 using VCP patient-derived myoblast cells and an animal model of VCP disease.MethodsFirst, we analyzed the effect of CB-5083 in patient-derived myoblasts on the typical disease autophagy and TDP-43 profile by Western blot. Next, we determined the maximum tolerated dosage of CB-5083 in mice and treated the 2-month-old VCPR155H/R155Hmice for 5 months with 15 mg/kg CB-5083. We analyzed motor function monthly by Rotarod; and we assessed the end-point blood toxicology, and the muscle and brain pathology, including autophagy and TDP-43 profile, using Western blot and immunohistochemistry. We also treated 12-month-old VCPR155H/+mice for 6 months and performed similar analysis. Finally, we assessed the potential side effects of CB-5083 on retinal function, using electroretinography in chronically treated VCPR155H/155Hmice.ResultsIn vitro analyses using patient-derived myoblasts confirmed that CB-5083 can modulate expression of the proteins in the autophagy pathways. We found that chronic CB-5083 treatment is well tolerated in the homozygous mice harboring patient-specific VCP variant, R155H, and can ameliorate the muscle pathology characteristic of the disease. VCP-associated pathology biomarkers, such as elevated TDP-43 and p62 levels, were significantly reduced. Finally, to address the potential adverse effect of CB-5083 on visual function observed in a previous oncology clinical trial, we analyzed retinal function in mice treated with moderate doses of CB-5083 for 5 months and documented the absence of permanent ocular toxicity.ConclusionsAltogether, these findings suggest that long-term use of CB-5083 by moderate doses is safe and can improve VCP disease-associated muscle pathology. Our results provide translationally relevant evidence that VCP inhibitors could be beneficial in the treatment of VCP disease.