bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apple Watch is useful in demonstrating coffee-triggered atrial fibrillation with a very short duration: a case report
Authors: Itoh Akira 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Although there are many negative reports on coffee consumption and the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF), several factors are involved in the metabolism of caffeine, and it is possible that the response to caffeine changes with age. We present a case in which Apple Watch was useful in detecting very brief paroxysmal AF that was thought to be triggered by coffee consumption.

Case summary
The patient was a man in his early 60s. He often drank a cup of coffee after breakfast. At some point, after drinking coffee and commuting to work, he noticed palpitations. He got an Apple Watch, and when he recorded his electrocardiogram when the symptoms occurred, he found that he had AF. During the following month, the frequency of AF was examined in relation to whether coffee was consumed in the morning. Twenty days of 28 days, coffee was consumed, and of these, AF was observed on 8 days (40%). In the 8 days when he did not drink coffee, there was no AF. For the next 28 days, the coffee was changed to decaffeinated coffee and the frequency of AF was examined. AF was observed on 5 of the 24 days when decaffeinated coffee was consumed (21%). AF did not occur on the 4 days when decaffeinated coffee was not consumed.

Discussion
These results may indicate that AF was significantly more common on days when coffee was consumed. In the case of frequent but short-lasting AF, it is worth considering whether coffee consumption may be a trigger.
Progressive cervical tumour in an HIV-patient: giant pseudoaneurysm of the carotid artery: a case report
Authors: Fraund-Cremer Sandra , Bernd Rouven , Cremer Jochen , Rusch Rene 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Aneurysms of the extracranial carotid artery are a rare entity and correspond to &lt;1% of all arterial aneurysms.

Case summary
A 58-year-old male with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented in the emergency department with a massive cervical tumour on the right side of the neck and a severe occipital pain. Contrast computed tomography demonstrated a pseudoaneurysm of the proximal right internal carotid artery (ICA). Open surgery of the ICA was performed with reconstruction of the posterior vessel wall, embolectomy of the ICA, and anterior pericardial patch reconstruction. After an uneventful postoperative course, the patient was readmitted 4 weeks later with a right retrobulbous haematoma caused by a carotid cavernous fistula. Therefore a coil-embolization of the fistula and finally of the distal right carotid artery was performed.

Discussion
In patients with a proven HIV infection, the occurrence of a vasculopathy in the extra- or intracranial carotid artery is significantly increased and the second most common site after the lower extremities. In patients with progredient neck swelling it should be considered in the differential. Surgical therapy is the preferred treatment strategy in the extracranial aneurysm type, especially in this patient collective.
A rare case of common arterial trunk with coarctation of the aorta: a case report
Authors: Abdelaal Mohamed , Dedieu Nathalie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
A common arterial trunk is a relatively uncommon type of congenital heart defect. The anomaly is caused by an incomplete conotruncal septation. Arch anomalies, such as interruption, are associated with 10–20% of cases. We present a rare case of common arterial trunk with coarctation of the aorta and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Case summary
A term baby who was discovered to have a murmur on examination, for evaluation of the murmur an echocardiography was performed on Day 2 of life, which revealed the diagnosis of a common arterial trunk and coarctation of the aorta. The baby was given prostaglandin and intubated. Due to his poor general condition, he underwent an emergency pulmonary artery branch banding. He needed another 5 days in the intensive care unit to be stabilized before undergoing full repair.

Discussion
Our patient has a common arterial trunk with a tricuspid competent truncal valve. The trunk is subdivided further into ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery provided two branches and a PDA that connected to the descending aorta. The aortic branching pattern was as usual, there was an area of tight coarctation and posterior shelf just after the origin of the left subclavian artery before the descending aorta–PDA junction. The presence of coarctation may be considered as the left side of the spectrum of morphological changes toward the formation of aortic arch interruption (Type 4 Van Praagh).
Systemic leak capillary syndrome with myocardial involvement and cardiogenic shock: a case report
Authors: Garatti Laura , Wu Maddalena Alessandra , Ammirati Enrico , Sacco Alice 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a potentially fatal disorder characterized by relapses of hypovolemic shock episodes.

Case Summary
We present a case of a 58-year-old man who presented to the Emergency Department with a history of recurrent episodes of syncope in the last hours. A few days before medical contact the patient complained of sore throat, fever, and flu-like symptoms. He was initially admitted with a diagnosis of suspected myopericarditis. Forty-eight hours later, the haemodynamic status suddenly deteriorated to a mixed cardiogenic and shock; an endomyocardial biopsy showed localized inflammatory infiltrates and areas of necrosis of cardiomyocytes with positive viral search for parvovirus B19 (PVB19), therefore the patient was treated with methylprednisolone pulses. Based on the concurrent presence of the typical triad of hypotension, hypoalbuminaemia, and haemoconcentration we suspected systemic leak capillary syndrome potentially triggered by the PVB19 infection with acute myocarditis. The clinical conditions further deteriorated with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: we started continuous veno-venous haemofiltration adding a cytokines adsorber. In the following hours, we observed a significant clinical improvement. The patient was discharged 1 month later and 5 months after discharge he experienced a new attack of SCLS, this time without myocardial involvement and with prompt symptoms resolution.

Conclusion
Systemic capillary leak syndrome is a potentially fatal disorder: early recognition of this entity and prompt initiation of supportive therapy are warranted, therefore, it is paramount that an emergency physician thinks of SCLS in patients with signs of cardiogenic shock and the classical triad of hypotension, hypoalbuminia, and haemoconcentration.
Clinical utility of antifungal susceptibility testing
Authors: McCarty Todd P , Luethy Paul M , Baddley John W , Pappas Peter G 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Invasive fungal diseases cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular affecting immunocompromised patients. Resistant organisms are of increasing importance, yet there are many notable differences in the ability to both perform and interpret antifungal susceptibility testing compared with bacteria. In this review, we will highlight the strengths and limitations of resistance data of pathogenic yeasts and moulds that may be used to guide treatment and predict clinical outcomes.
Medical data formatting to improve physician interpretation speed in the Military Healthcare System
Authors: Peterson Jacob E 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this project was to improve ease and speed of physician comprehension when interpreting daily laboratory data for patients admitted within the Military Healthcare System (MHS).

Materials and Methods
A JavaScript program was created to convert the laboratory data obtained via the outpatient electronic medical record (EMR) into a “fishbone diagram” format that is familiar to most physicians. Using a balanced crossover design, 35 internal medicine trainees and staff at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth were asked to complete timed comprehension tests for laboratory data sets formatted in the outpatient EMR’s format and in fishbone diagram format. The number of responses per second and error rate per response were measured for each format. Participants were asked to rate relative ease of use for each format and indicate which format they preferred.

Results
Comprehension speed increased 37% (6.28 seconds per interpretation) with the fishbone diagram format with no observed increase in errors. Using a Likert scale of 1–5 (1 being hard, 5 easy), participants indicated the new format was easier to use (4.14 for fishbone vs 2.14 for table) with 89% expressing preference for the new format.

Discussion
The publically available web application that converts tabular lab data to fishbone diagram format is currently used 10 000–12 000 times per month across the MHS, delivering significant benefit to the enterprise in terms of time saved and improved physician experience.

Conclusions
This study supports the use of fishbone diagram formatting for laboratory data for inpatients within the MHS.
Evaluation of Pretreatment and Extraction Parameters for the Analysis of Fentanyl in Hair Using Statistical Design of Experiments (DoE)
Authors: Spear Brianna , DeCaprio Anthony P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Optimal methods for hair analysis are often debated. Previous work in this laboratory demonstrated that the statistical technique known as Design of Experiments (DoE) is useful for such optimization. DoE evaluates both the individual roles and the combinatorial associations among multiple independent variables (i.e., hair pretreatment parameters) and a dependent variable (i.e., drug recovery from hair). In this study, hair externally contaminated with fentanyl underwent decontamination with combinations of parameters based on a 24 fractional factorial block design DoE matrix. The parameters of interest included aqueous wash solvent (1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or water), organic wash solvent (dichloromethane or methanol), number of consecutive washes (one or three), sequence of washes (aqueous first or organic first) and wash time (30 s or 30 min). The optimal method for decontaminating fentanyl from the hair surface was found to be one 30-min wash with dichloromethane followed by one 30-min wash with water. Pretreatment parameters were optimized with a 23 full factorial DoE matrix using authentic hair reference material (HRM), which consisted of pooled drug user hair diluted to a known concentration of fentanyl with drug-free hair. The factors of interest were extraction solvent/sample weight ratio (12.5 or 25 µL/mg), hair particle size (pulverized or 1 mm segments) and extraction time (2 or 24 h). The most effective pretreatment method for fentanyl consisted of pulverizing the hair prior to a 2-h extraction in a 25 µL/mg extraction solvent volume/sample weight ratio. Finally, using the optimized pretreatment methods, fentanyl containing authentic HRM was extracted using aqueous base, solvent and enzymatic hair extraction methods, where it was determined that the aqueous base technique was most effective for recovery of fentanyl. These experiments further demonstrate the value of DoE and authentic HRM in method development for forensic hair analysis.
Patient-centered Care and Integrated Practice Units: Embracing the Breast Care Continuum
Authors: Paluch Jeremy , Kohr Jennifer , Squires Amanda , Loving Vilert 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Patient-centered care is a health care approach optimized for the needs of the patient. As patients have sought more autonomy in recent years, this model has been more frequently adopted. Breast radiologists aspiring to advance patient-centered care should seek greater ownership of the breast diagnostic imaging and intervention workflows, helping their patients navigate the complex breast care landscape with patients’ preferences taken into account. Applying this approach to breast radiology will increase patient satisfaction and compliance while also limiting wasted health care dollars, unnecessary diagnostic delays, and overall confusion. Herein, the benefits of patient-centered breast radiology are discussed, and numerous suggestions and case examples are provided to help readers reshape their practice toward the priorities of their patients.
BI-RADS 3 Assessment on MRI: A Lesion-Based Review for Breast Radiologists
Authors: Nguyen Derek L , Myers Kelly S , Oluyemi Eniola , Mullen Lisa A , Panigrahi Babita , Rossi Joanna , Ambinder Emily B 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnlike mammography and US, limited data exist to establish well-defined criteria for MRI findings that have a ≤2% likelihood of malignancy. Therefore, determining which findings are appropriate for a BI-RADS 3 assessment on MRI remains challenging and variable among breast radiologists. Emerging data suggest that BI-RADS 3 should be limited to baseline MRI examinations (or examinations with less than two years of prior comparisons) performed for high-risk screening and only used for masses with all of the typical morphological and kinetic features suggestive of a fibroadenoma or dominant enhancing T2 hypointense foci that is distinct from background parenchymal enhancement and without suspicious kinetics. This article presents an updated discussion of BI-RADS 3 assessment (probably benign) for breast MRI using current evidence.
Effects of degree of translation or rotation of acetabular fragment of periacetabular osteotomy procedure on pelvic X-ray parameters
Authors: Hapa Onur , Aydemir Selahattin , Husemoglu R Bugra , Yanik Berkay , Gursan Onur , Balci Ali , Havitcioglu Hasan 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The present study aims to investigate the effect of amount of lateralization and/or anteversion of the point where the iliac cut meets with the posterior column cut of periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), on X-ray parameters such as Center of edge (CE) angle, retroversion index (RVI) and sharp angle. Fourteen patients with symptomatic hip dysplasia (CE° &lt; 20°) were included. Pelvis Computerized tomography (CT) sections were used for 3D printing. PAO was then performed on these models. The point (A), 1 cm lateral to the pelvic brim, is marked where the iliac cut intersects the posterior column cut. In Group I (1.5–0), point A is lateralized parallel to the osteotomy line for 1.5 cm. In Group II (1.5–0.5), it is additionally anteverted for 0.5 cm. In Group III (3–0), point A is lateralized for 3 cm and then additionally anteverted for 1 cm (Group IV: 3–1). Radiographs were taken in each stage. The lateral CE angle, RVI and sharp angle were measured. All had an increase in the CE angle and RVI and a decrease in the sharp angle compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The amount of CE angle (ΔCE) or RVI increase (ΔRV) was as follows: 3–1(38°, 0.3) &gt; 3–0(27°, 0.2) and 1.5–0.5(25°, 0.1) &gt; 1.5–0(17°, 0.07) (P &lt; 0.05) (with no difference between groups 1.5–0.5 and 3–0, P = 0.7). The amount of sharp angle decrease was as follows: 3–1(20°), 3–0(18°) &lt; 1.5–0.5(11°) &lt; 1.5–0(8°) (P &lt; 0.05). The lateralization of the intersection point where the iliac wing cut meets with the posterior column cut along the cut surface led to an increase of lateral cover and focal retroversion. Additional anteversion leads to further increases in those parameters, while groups 1.5–0.5 and 3–0 did not differ between.
Glutaraldehyde and uranyl acetate dual fixation combined sputtering/unroofing enables intracellular fatty acids TOF-SIMS imaging with organelle-corresponding subcellular distribution
Authors: Zhang Chi , Horikawa Makoto , Kahyo Tomoaki , Matsudaira Takaomi , Tanaka Tatsuya , Xu Lili , Takei Shiro , Setou Mitsutoshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) have diverse functions in cellular activities. The intracellular distribution of FAs is critical for their functions. Imaging of FAs by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) has been achieved. However, TOF-SIMS images of FAs so far do not have subcellular distribution due to inadequate sample preparation methods. In this study, we developed a chemical fixation method using glutaraldehyde (GA) with uranyl acetate (UA), which preserved cellular structure and intracellular FA distribution well. Combining GA+UA fixation with sputtering-based methods and unroofing-based methods, respectively, we successfully imaged intracellular lipids with the subcellular distribution.
Analyzing gender clues in war-time letters
Authors: Keskustalo Heikki , Korkeamäki Laura , Vanamo Selja , Kettunen Kimmo , Kumpulainen Sanna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany historians struggle with their information needs which cannot be directly served by the information access systems. Satisfying these needs often requires reasoning and interpretation of pieces of information in context, from user-specific viewpoints. One common need in studying historical phenomena is what indicates gender in historical text. We call such textual indicators ‘gender clues’ because they help satisfy information needs regarding the concept of gender. In this article, we analyze gender clues qualitatively and present a typology of them based on a set of private letters from the Second World War in Finland. We also discuss the general need to create metadata to support the historian’s explorations from specific viewpoints, especially in small and noisy collections that are common in the historical domain.
Addressing Persistent Vaccine Hesitancy in a Military Community Through a Physician-Led Intervention
Authors: Glendening Joseph , Bickford Brant , Markert Ronald , Yuhas Joseph , Berglund Andrew , Kelly Devin , Scott Joshua , Burtson Kathryn 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Following the identification of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, the virus has spread rapidly around the world causing severe illness and death. Several vaccines were found to be safe and effective and made available first to those most at risk and then to the general public. Despite the safety and efficacy profiles, vaccine hesitancy remains a significant barrier to widespread immunity. Within the military community at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, we provided multiple physician-led educational seminars to address vaccination concerns and decrease vaccine hesitancy.

Materials and Methods
The authors presented a PowerPoint presentation of the available vaccinations, their safety data, and efficacy, followed by a town hall-style question-and-answer period where questions were presented from the previous submission, as well as real-time submissions through Facebook Live. The questions were fielded by specialists in Internal Medicine, Infectious Disease, Pulmonary-Critical Care, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Rheumatology. The entire presentation was streamed through Facebook Live and was freely available. Following the presentation, an online survey was provided for willing participants to complete which included demographic data and addressed their previous and current attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccinations and their opinions on the presentation. Data from the survey were then analyzed through IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 to find any associations or risk factors for hesitancy.

Results
There were 73 respondents to the assessment, most of which were nonmedical. Of the 73, the majority (45) had already received a vaccine for COVID-19. Of those unvaccinated, 17 did not want a vaccination before or after the seminar. Two did change their mind about being receptive to vaccination, and one changed from receptive to hesitant. The only statistically significant risk factors for vaccine hesitancy were those with a moderate to great amount of trust in their health care provider compared to those with little to no trust (73% vs. 4%, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Our intervention was limited in its effectiveness to address vaccine hesitancy late in the pandemic, with our study limited by our small sample size. Regardless, it identified a peculiar discrepancy with those with the most trust in health care providers being the most likely to be vaccine-hesitant. This highlights the importance of the information that trusted health care providers are providing to their patients and may identify more effective routes to address vaccine hesitancy in the future.
Duplication of Horizontally Acquired GH5_2 Enzymes Played a Central Role in the Evolution of Longhorned Beetles
Authors: Shin Na Ra , Doucet Daniel , Pauchet Yannick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The rise of functional diversity through gene duplication contributed to the adaption of organisms to various environments. Here we investigate the evolution of putative cellulases of the subfamily 2 of glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5_2) in the Cerambycidae (longhorned beetles), a megadiverse assemblage of mostly xylophagous beetles. Cerambycidae originally acquired GH5_2 from a bacterial donor through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and extant species harbor multiple copies that arose from gene duplication. We ask how these digestive enzymes contributed to the ability of these beetles to feed on wood. We analyzed 113 GH5_2, including the functional characterization of 52 of them, derived from 25 species covering most subfamilies of Cerambycidae. Ancestral gene duplications led to five well-defined groups with distinct substrate specificity, allowing these beetles to break down, in addition to cellulose, polysaccharides that are abundant in plant cell walls (PCWs), namely, xyloglucan, xylan, and mannans. Resurrecting the ancestral enzyme originally acquired by HGT, we show it was a cellulase that was able to break down glucomannan and xylan. Finally, recent gene duplications further expanded the catalytic repertoire of cerambycid GH5_2, giving rise to enzymes that favor transglycosylation over hydrolysis. We suggest that HGT and gene duplication, which shaped the evolution of GH5_2, played a central role in the ability of cerambycid beetles to use a PCW-rich diet and may have contributed to their successful radiation.