bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Size Fits All? The Differential Impact of Federal Regulation on Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity Across US States
Authors: Dove John A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Numerous studies evaluate how a jurisdiction’s institutional and specifically regulatory environment impact firm formation and entrepreneurial activity. This study adds to this by employing a dataset measuring the differential impact that federal regulations have on industries across US states. Specifically, the paper addresses how such differences affect several facets of early-stage entrepreneurial activity, including and index measure of early-stage entrepreneurship, opportunity entrepreneurship, job creation at startup, and new firm survival rates all derived from the Kauffman Index of Entrepreneurial Activity. Overall, the results suggest that early-stage entrepreneurial activity tends to be negatively correlated with a relatively more burdensome federal regulatory environment. While the channels do not indicate an effect through new firm formation and firm survival rates, both opportunity entrepreneurship and job formation are negatively and significantly affected. Implications are discussed.
JEL Codes: D78, H73, K20, L26, L51
New "iPARKO" finger extensor facilitation training device for chronic hemiplegic hand after stroke: Development and verification of its effectiveness in healthy individuals
Authors: Nakamura Ai , Peichen Zhou , Morita Yoshifumi , Tanabe Hirofumi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
After stroke, hemiplegic individuals have difficulty opening their hands by themselves due to paralysis. A finger extensor facilitation technique was therefore developed to increase the activity of the extensor muscle in hemiplegic individuals who cannot open their paralyzed hands by themselves. In our previous study, we created a training device prototype called the "PARKO", that imitates the finger extensor facilitation technique; however, the activity of the extensor muscle using the device was much smaller than that of the finger extensor facilitation technique.
In this study, we developed a new finger extensor facilitation training device, the "iPARKO", to increase the activity of the extensor muscle during active training. We thus improved the structure of the PARKO device—including a modified method to apply force to the fingertips—and attached force sensors to the device to monitor these forces. To verify the effectiveness of the iPARKO device, we conducted active training using the device in healthy individuals. Comparing the results of the muscle activities between the PARKO and iPARKO devices among three healthy subjects demonstrated that the iPARKO device increased the mean activity of the extensor muscle by 43.8%, and decreased the mean activity of the flexor muscle by 33.7% when compared with the PARKO device. Additionally, when the iPARKO device was used to apply force to the fingertips, the fingertip forces and normalized values for maximum voluntary contraction of the extensor muscle were revealed in two healthy subjects. In conclusion, the iPARKO device improved the accuracy of imitating manual therapy compared with the PARKO device.
Quality assessment of Astragali Radix based on pseudo-targeted metabolomics approach
Authors: Guo Yaxuan , Li Zhenyu , Qin Xuemei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Astragali Radix (AR) is widely used because of its dual use in medicine and food, and its quality evaluation is of great importance. In this study, a pseudo-targeted metabolomics approach based on scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (sMRM) was developed, and a total of 114 compounds with good linearity, sensitivity and reproducibility were selected for relative quantification. With the help of multivariate and univariate analysis, 26 differential compounds between wild/semi-wild AR (AR-W) and cultivated AR (AR-C) were determined. Then 5 marker compounds were screened out by lasso regression, and further verified by systematic clustering, random forest, support vector machine, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. In addition, malonyl-substituted flavonoids showed relative higher content in AR-W. Thus, the malonyl-substitution was the characteristic for flavonoids in AR-W. In conclusion, the application of pseudo-targeted metabolomics and various statistical methods could offer multi-dimensional information for the holistic quality evaluation of AR.
Influence of gestational weight gain on placental oxidative stress in women with normal pre-pregnancy body mass index
Authors: Santos-Rosendo Celeste , Mateos Rosa María , Vázquez-Fonseca Luis , Ábalos-Martínez Jessica , Olmedo-Iglesias Hugo , Melero-Jiménez Victoria , Fajardo-Expósito María A. , Bugatto Fernando , Visiedo Francisco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Body mass index (BMI) has long been used as a well-known risk factor for assessing the presence of an inappropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) and their potential repercussions on maternal-fetal axis during pregnancy and postpartum, especially for women with overweight and obesity. However, the potential role that the placenta plays on pregnancy outcomes has not been considered so far, particularly in those women that initiate with a normal-range BMI. We aim to examine the impact of GWG on redox state biomarkers in full-term human placentas from uncomplicated pregnant women with normal pregestational BMI.
Methods: 25 full-term pregnancies were chosen among a total of 94 after fulfilling the required study inclusion criteria, including mandatory normal singleton pregnancies and scheduled caesarean sections. The selected pregnant women were subsequently categorized as insufficient (<11 Kg), recommended (11-16 Kg) and excessive (>16 Kg), according to the weight gained during gestation for a normal pregestational BMI (18,5-24,9 Kg/m2), as indicated in the clinical guidelines revised and published by the IOM in 2009. At delivery, fresh placental villi were isolated and subjected to measure universal indicators of oxidative damage (carbonyl groups and NADPH oxidase activity) and antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and antioxidant capacity parameters) by molecular biology techniques.
Results: We significantly report an elevated presence of oxidized proteins (carbonyl groups), along with a high activity of the NADPH oxidase enzyme in agreement with an increasing rate of GWG, being more accentuated above 11 kg. Conversely, we also show an overall decrease in both SOD and other antioxidant defense activity in relation to increased weight gain in pregnancy.
Conclusions: Our findings reveal the presence of severe oxidative damage, accompanied by a decline in antioxidant function, in those placentas from healthy pregnancies that achieved a GWG within the recommended range associated with pregnancy “good outcomes” for a normal pregestational BMI. Thus, GWG could be a key “unrecognized” maternal factor in the development of a redox impairment in human placenta, and consequently, in the fetal programming of metabolic disease during pregnancy and later in life.
A Big-data Analysis of the Potential Rebound Effect of Electric Vehicles on Vehicle Kilometers Travelled
Authors: Fallah Narjes , farahani Ali , Fitzpatrick Colin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Electric vehicles are becoming a significant technology alternative in the development of sustainable transportation. Although this technology is promising for carbon reduction, there are social and behavioural impacts that might rebound on the environmental benefits. One impact of interest is the effect of the reduced marginal cost per kilometre of electric vehicles against internal combustion engines on their distances travelled, and this study aims to investigate this behavioural impact through inspection of the UK-MOT database. Drivers’ behaviours were examined by grouping them based on several attributes, including vehicle segmentation, tax class and year of registration. Results compare the annual vehicle kilometres travelled of traditional and electric vehicle drivers for two different generations and show that VKT increases with range for EV drivers. While no distinct rebound effect was observed, it cannot be ruled out in the future and should continue being monitored as the range, choice and adoption of electric vehicles grow over time.
IRONSperm swimming by Rigid-Body Rotation Versus Transverse Bending Waves
Authors: Magdanz Veronika , Klingner Anke , Abelmann Leon , Khalil Islam S.M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cell membrane potential affects the electrostatic self-assembly of magnetizable nanoparticles around the flagellum of sperm cells, leading to the formation of biohybrid microrobots (i.e. IRONSperm) with various bending stiffness. Here we explain the influence of bull sperm cell membrane potential on the formation of two types of IRONSperm samples that are produced by electrostatic self-assembly. The first is a proximal-coated soft body with nanoparticles concentrated on the head to maintain high flexibility of the flagellum and create a passively propagating transverse bending wave under the influence of an external rotating magnetic field. The second is a rigid-body with nanoparticles approximately uniformly distributed along the length to provide arbitrary geometry that maintains a constant chiral shape and propel by rotation about its long axis. We present a magneto-elastohydrodynamic model to predict the swimming speed at low Reynolds number for rigid IRONSperm with arbitrary shapes, and show that decreasing the bending stiffness allows the model to capture the behavior of its soft counterpart. While the response of a rigid chiral IRONSperm is distinguished by a greater swimming speed with a smooth decay with frequency, the benefit of a soft flagellum in certain scenarios would present a much smaller range of frequencies for wireless actuation.
Response surface optimization of ultrasonic extraction conditions of nuciferine and its purification
Authors: Wu Mengdie , Ren Xinshui , Liu Simin , Pan Hongzhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lotus leaf is an agricultural product as well as a kind of Chinese herbal medicine. Nuciferine is an amorphine alkaloids in lotus leaf that has anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic effects, so it is greatly significant to extract and purify nuciferine. However, the factors that affect the nuciferine of lotus leaf extraction by dipping-acid-assisted ultrasonic extraction method (DAUEM) are rarely studied. The purpose of this research estimates DAUEM conditions (ethanol concentration, ratio of solution to material, ultrasonic extraction time) on responses by Box–Behnken response surface design. In addition, nuciferine of lotus leaf is purified by D101 macroporous adsorptive resin. A single factor test was conducted using nuciferine yield as an indicator and taking ethanol concentration (V/V), ratio of solution to material (V/M), ultrasonic extraction time as the influencing factor. The extraction process of nuciferine was optimized by response surface method based on the single factor test results. Nuciferine in lotus leaf was separated and purified by D101 macroporous adsorptive resin. The nuciferine yield (0.1035 ± 0.005) % was the largest as using 74% ethanol (V/V), ratio of solution to material 26:1, and the extraction time 82 min. The purity of nuciferine was 67.14% with 70% ethanol as eluent and through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination. This experiment has good precision and accuracy, so can be used for the extraction, separation and purification of nuciferine in lotus leaf. The method provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of nuciferine. Dipping-acid-assisted ultrasonic extraction method (DAUEM) can fully extract nuciferine in lotus leaf. Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the ultrasonic extraction process. D101 macroporous adsorption resin can admirably separate and purify nuciferine in lotus leaf.
Preparation of Reed Straw Hydrochar Adsorbent and Its Environmental Impact Assessment
Authors: Wang Jing , Zang Yufei , Zhang Jiawen , Chen Feiyong , Liu Guanhong , Liu Bing , Matsumoto Toru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization technology has attracted increasingly the amount of attention due to its efficient conversion of biomass resources. Such technology benefits both the economy and the environment. In this study, hydrothermal carbonization of reed was conducted in a hydrothermal reactor under laboratory conditions. The factors that control the hydrochar yield and the efficiency of methylene blue adsorption, such as temperature, residence time, and solid-liquid ratio were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure of the reed hydrochar. The experimental results indicated that the order of the factors affecting hydrochar yield was as follows: residence time > maximum temperature > solid-liquid ratio. The order of factors that determine the extent of methylene blue adsorption was: solid-liquid ratio > maximum temperature > residence time. The optimum condition for hydrochar production was with a reaction temperature at 260 ℃, a residence time of 2 h, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10. The optimum condition for the highest amount of methylene blue adsorption was with a reaction temperature at 260 ℃, a residence time of 1 h, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10. The SEM imaging revealed a pore structure at the surface of the hydrochar comprising carbon microspheres and multilayer structure. Whereas the FTIR analysis indicated that the hydrochar had a high number of oxygen-containing surface functional groups. The environmental impact of the reed hydrochar preparation process was evaluated using the life cycle assessment approach by the SimaPro 9.2.0.2 software. The results revealed that the hydrothermal carbonization process majorly impacted the toxicity to the environment, the land use and the global warming. Future optimization of the hydrothermal carbonization process should focus on: (1) reducing the energy consumption during this process; (2) evaluating the environmental impact of the hydrochar-producing system, including the resource recycling of the by-products during this process.
A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of SYHA1813, a VEGFRs and CSF1R Inhibitor, in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Gliomas or Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Kang Zhuang , Li Shenglan , Lin Yi , Li Yongsheng , Mao Ying , Zhang Jing , Lei Ting , Wang Haidan , Su Yangzhi , Yang Yang , Qiu Jingbo , Li Wenbin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
SYHA1813 is a potent, multi-kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs)/ colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). This study aimed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antitumor activity of escalating doses of SYHA1813 in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas (HGG) or advanced solid tumors. This study adopted a combination of accelerated titration and a 3 + 3 design for dose escalation, with a starting dose of 5 mg once daily. The dose escalation continued at successive dose levels until the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) was determined. A total of 14 patients were enrolled and treated, including 13 with WHO grade III or IV gliomas, and 1 with colorectal cancer. Two patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities (grade 4 hypertension and grade 3 mucositis oral) at 30 mg SYHA1813. The MTD was defined as 15 mg once daily. Hypertension (n = 6, 42.9%) was the most frequent treatment-related adverse event. Among evaluable patients (n = 10), 2 (20%) patients reached partial response, and 7 (70%) had stable disease. The exposure increased with increasing doses within the studied dose range of 5 to 30 mg. Biomarker assessments demonstrated significant reductions in soluble VEGFR2 (P = .0023) and increases in VEGFA (P = .0092) and placental growth factor (P = .0484). The safety of SYHA1813 was manageable, and encouraging anti-tumor efficacy was observed in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx), identifier ChiCTR2100045380.
Predicting labour productivity for formwork activities in high rise building construction – A case study
Authors: Bhilwade Vijay , Delhi Venkata Santosh Kumar , Nanthagopalan Prakash , Das Amit Kumar , Modi Keyur 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Predicting labour productivity accurately in critical activities like formwork erection would enable management interventions to improve the site situations especially in the context of high rise building construction. In this study, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were employed to model and predict three categories of formwork erection activities – aluminium formwork, horizontal formwork and vertical formwork. 16 input factors were identified and a total of 19,344 data points from 42 construction sites all over India were used to train and validate the ANN models. The developed models show a high degree of accuracy in predicting the productivity on sites. The models also give major insights into the factors affecting the productivity of formwork related activities. The adverse effects of some factors like the number of workers on the site were also discussed. The study indicates the usefulness of data-driven techniques for prediction of labour productivity of formwork activities on Indian construction sites.
Promotion or competition? the role of Internet use on social participation and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal mediation analysis using three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS)
Authors: Mu Aruhan , Hong Ziying , Wu Xiang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Prior studies have shown that the three dimensions of social connectedness, including informal social participation, formal social participation, and Internet use, reduce the risk of late-life depression. But little is known about the association between different dimensions. We aimed to assess opposing hypotheses among the three dimensions of social connectedness and how they affect depressive symptoms.
Methods: We did a focused longitudinal mediation analysis using nationally representative data from three waves (2013, 2015, 2018) of the CHARLS, including 13,671 Chinese adults aged 45 and over at baseline. Structural equation modeling was used to construct longitudinal path models.
Results: Internet use at baseline directly predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms over time. Importantly, Internet use promoted formal and informal social participation over time (we clarified the gateway role of Internet use rather than competition). Higher levels of formal social participation facilitated by Internet use, in turn, predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms. Yet, informal social participation was not mediated the protective effect of Internet use.
Conclusions: For “coming older” and “older” developing countries with insufficient professional resources, it is critical to develop innovative projects that converge Internet use and formal social participation to prevent late-life depression.
Unravelling the fabric of the human mind: the brain-cognition space
Authors: Pacella Valentina , Nozais Victor , Talozzi Lia , Forkel Stephanie J , de Schotten Michel Thiebaut 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Thirty years of functional neuroimaging have been accumulating a wealth of evidence of the intricate relationship between structure and function. However, potential overlap, independence, granularity of and gaps between functions remain poorly understood at the global level. In this study, we extracted the latent structure of the current brain-cognition knowledge and revealed its organisational structure. This knowledge has been derived from the most comprehensive meta-analytic fMRI database (Neurosynth) that was used to compute a two-dimensional embedding space – the brain-cognition space – capturing the relationship between brain functions as we know it. The structure of the space allowed us to test the degree of logic in the relationship between functions statistically – a rationality index – and to predict the activation pattern of new and still undetermined functions. The organisation and predictive framework defined by the brain-cognition space will foster the investigation of novel functions and guide the exploration of the fabric of human cognition.
Density Functional Theoretical Assessment of Titanium Metal for Adsorption of Hydrogen, Deuterium and Tritium Isotopes
Authors: Boda Anil , Chandorkar Nirbhay , Ali Sk. Musharaf 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Titanium, a high temperature tolerance metal is preferred as neutron targets due to high hydrogen storage capacity. Therefore, there is a need to understand the interaction and dynamical behaviours of hydrogen isotopes with Ti which is investigated by means of linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) and projector augmented wave (PAW) potential within the density functional theoretical framework. The hydrogen isotope is studied by incorporating zero point energy and the harmonic transition state theory (HTST) were used to determine the rate constant. The values of surface adsorption energy of hydrogen isotopes were predicted to follow the trend: Ead(H2) > Ead(D2) > Ead(T2). The activation energy barrier from top to bridge and top to hollow sites was negative for H atom indicating barrier less diffusion. The computed total density of states (TDOS) and partial density of states (PDOS) confirmed that the hollow site offers the most stable site for H atom adsorption than that by bridge and top sites. The calculated barrier height for dissociation was 0.4eV at surface coverage of θH > 0.5ML whereas the barrier height for recombination was found to be much higher than that of dissociation. The calculated dissociation rate constant using HTST was found to be quite fast whereas the rate constant for recombination was determined to be very slow as expected. The ZPE corrected activation heights for bulk diffusion in Ti from one Td void to nearby Td void for H, D and T were computed to be 0.118, 0.126 and 0.129 eV respectively at the PAW level. The calculated diffusivity establishes that the lighter H atom migrates faster than that of heavier D and T atoms. The classical barrier height was observed to be reduced after quantum correction.