bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on deformation and permeability enhancement of oil sand reservoir by hydraulic fracturing technique under true triaxial stress
Authors: Feng Kangwu , Yu Beichen , Zhang Dongming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHydraulic fracturing technology is often applied to form a permeable zone for geothermal resources near the borehole in tight reservoirs to improve the permeability and extraction efficiency. Steam or hot water is often injected to dissolve the heavy oil to increase its fluidity during the extraction. As the numerical simulation or two‐dimensional physical experiments have great limitations to simulate hydraulic fracturing of oil sand reservoirs, this study conducted a large‐scale three‐dimensional physical simulation experimental study of hydraulic fracturing with high temperature of oil sand reservoir under true triaxial stress state and monitored the water pressure change at various points inside the box during the hydraulic fracturing by laying pressure sensors. The experimental results showed that the hydraulic breakdown pressure of oil sands increases with the increase in σ2, which is related to the increase in σ2 limiting the fracture growth and the decrease in effective stress during fluid injection. To better describe the breakdown pressure variation, we developed a new oil sand breakdown pressure prediction model considering the true triaxial stress condition, which showed a good prediction effect. Due to the formation of fluid hysteresis zone during the fracture expansion, the fluid pressure recorded by the internal pressure sensor lagged behind the injection pressure. Hydraulic fracturing produced shear fractures inside the oil sands under low σ2 conditions and tensile fractures under high σ2 conditions, and the permeability was significantly increased after hydraulic fracturing, in which the shear fractures formed under low σ2 showed a better permeability enhancement effect than the tensile fractures formed under high σ2. The research and analysis in this study can provide reasonable suggestions and feasibility analysis for the design and construction of heavy oil extraction.
Evaluation of IL‐6 for Stepwise Diagnosis of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Gairing Simon Johannes , Anders Julian , Kaps Leonard , Nagel Michael , Michel Maurice , Kremer Wolfgang Maximilian , Hilscher Max , Galle Peter Robert , Schattenberg Jörn M. , Wörns Marcus‐Alexander , Labenz Christian 
Published: January 2022

Diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) requires psychometric testing, which is time‐consuming and often neglected in clinical practice. Elevated Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) serum levels have been linked to MHE. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of IL‐6 as a biomarker in a stepwise diagnostic algorithm to detect MHE in patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 197 prospectively recruited patients without clinical signs of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) served as the development cohort. Another independent cohort consisting of 52 patients served for validation purposes. Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) was applied for the diagnosis of MHE. Fifty (25.4%) patients of the development cohort presented with MHE. Median IL‐6 levels were more than twice as high in patients with MHE than in patients without HE (16 vs. 7 pg/mL; P < 0.001). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher IL‐6 levels (odds ratio 1.036; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.009‐1.064; P = 0.008) remained independently associated with the presence of MHE. IL‐6 levels ≥ 8pg/mL discriminated best between patients with and without MHE in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (area under the ROC 0.751). With a cutoff value of ≥7 pg/mL, further elaborate testing with PHES could be avoided in 38% of all patients with a sensitivity of 90% (95% CI 77%‐96%) and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 93% (95% CI 84%‐98%). This diagnostic accuracy was confirmed in the validation cohort (sensitivity 94%; NPV 93%). Conclusion: Using IL‐6 serum levels as a biomarker in a stepwise diagnostic algorithm to detect MHE could substantially reduce the number of patients requiring testing with PHES and in turn the workload. IL‐6 may have especially helped in patients who are unable to perform other screening tests.
Combination therapy with radiation and hyperthermia‐induced clinical complete response of small cell carcinoma of prostate
Authors: Kawai Noriyasu , Nagai Takashi , Naiki‐Ito Aya , Iida Keitaro , Etani Toshiki , Naiki Taku , Hamamoto Shuzo , Okada Atsushi , Murai Taro , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate has a poor prognosis even with standard systemic chemotherapy. We report a case, in which combination therapy with radiation and hyperthermia‐induced clinical complete response.Case presentationAn 87‐year‐old man complaining of dysuria was referred to our hospital. Based on magnetic resonance imaging findings and a history of prostate cancer, a prostate biopsy was performed, and small cell carcinoma of the prostate was diagnosed. Whole‐pelvis radiation therapy was administered with an additional dose to the prostate; eight cycles of hyperthermia treatment (8 MHz radiofrequency capacitive regional hyperthermia) were administered concurrently. Normalized neuron‐specific enolase levels and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a complete response. A few cancer cells were seen in the post‐treatment biopsy specimen, which demonstrated positive immunostaining for heat shock protein 70 and HIKESHI.ConclusionIn this case, small cell carcinoma of the prostate was effectively treated with combined radiation and hyperthermia therapy.
Predictors of well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The importance of financial satisfaction and neuroticism
Authors: Ng Weiting , Kang Soon‐Hock 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCurrent research suggests that the COVID‐19 pandemic adversely impacts well‐being. This study examined how subjective well‐being (SWB) and psychological well‐being (PWB) in Singapore were affected during the pandemic, and the factors that were important to SWB. A representative sample of 999 respondents completed an online survey during the pandemic in August 2020 (after a lockdown was lifted). Two hundred and thirty‐two respondents completed the follow‐up Wave 2 survey 4 months later. Analyses showed that SWB and PWB during the pandemic were significantly lower than the prepandemic period. However, by Wave 2, well‐being levels recovered to levels similar to those observed in the prepandemic period. Regression analyses showed that previously established key determinants of SWB were still important predictors during the pandemic. Specifically, neuroticism and financial satisfaction were strongly associated with all three major SWB components. PWB, particularly in terms of meeting one's psychological needs for autonomy and mastery, was also closely related to SWB. The importance of financial satisfaction suggests that one avenue to buffer the detrimental effects of the pandemic on well‐being would be to formulate economic policies that can alleviate the pandemic's negative financial impact.
“From the World of Falsehood to the World of Truth”: Recovery and reflexivity in Clubs of Families with Alcohol‐related Problems in Crete
Authors: Vavvos Andreas , Tzanakis Manolis , Triliva Sofia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe potential for a critical realist community psychology in the Greek context is not yet apparent. In this article, we present the results of a qualitative study that adheres to critical realism and community psychology principles. The study's focus is the lives of members of the 12 Clubs of Families with Alcohol‐related Problems (CFAP) that operate on Crete. The empirical material was derived from fieldwork notes, minutes from CFAP weekly meetings, and interviews provided by 13 CFAP members. Participants conceptualized the path from alcohol addiction to sobriety as a transition from a world of falsehood and deceit (“fractured reflexivity”) to a world of truth and communalism (“communicative reflexivity”). The article argues that CFAP's “regime of truth” prioritizes communicative reflexivity as the desirable mode of reflexivity, while at the same time contributing to an ambivalent political stance towards the oppressive structural arrangements that promote addiction.
Advocating for equitable management of hereditary cancer syndromes
Authors: Caffrey Rikki Gaber 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe potential for preventive medicine to lead to more equitable health outcomes exists with the inclusion of genetic testing in medicine. Because of the medical implications of genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes and the financial cost attached to recommended management, ensuring equitable access to cancer screening and prevention must be made a priority. For patients with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome, the benefits of early detection and prevention are clear, significant, and create the opportunity to provide more equitable, personalized, preventive healthcare. Thus, for genetics providers who offer testing access for their patients, it is important to reflect on the ethical responsibility of advocating for access to appropriate management. Cancer genetic counselors can advocate for health equity by providing thorough pre‐test genetic counseling, collaborating with other disciplines to coordinate care, lobbying state, and national representatives to pass legislation promoting health equity, and developing a management clinic that helps to ensure follow‐up. Equitable access to and benefit from hereditary cancer risk management must be achieved in the pursuit of personalized preventive medicine.
Post‐sequelae symptoms and comorbidities after COVID‐19
Authors: Duggal Priya , Penson Tristan , Manley Hannah N. , Vergara Candelaria , Munday Rebecca M. , Duchen Dylan , Linton Elizabeth A. , Zurn Amber , Keruly Jeanne C. , Mehta Shruti H. , Thomas David L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe frequency, severity, and forms of symptoms months after coronavirus 2019 (COVID‐19) are poorly understood, especially in community settings. To better understand and characterize symptoms months after community‐based COVID‐19, a retrospective cohort analysis was conducted. Three hundred and twenty‐eight consecutive persons with a positive test for SARS‐CoV‐2 in the Johns Hopkins Health System, Maryland, March−May 2020, were selected for the study. Symptom occurrence and severity were measured through questionnaires. Of 328 persons evaluated, a median of 242 days (109−478 days) from the initial positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test, 33.2% reported not being fully recovered and 4.9% reported symptoms that constrained daily activities. Compared to those who reported being fully recovered, those with post‐acute sequelae were more likely to report a prior history of heart attack (p < 0.01). Among those reporting long‐term symptoms, men and women were equally represented (men = 34.8%, women = 34.6%), but only women reported symptoms that constrained daily activities, and 56% of them were caregivers. The types of new or persistent symptoms varied, and for many, included a deviation from prior COVID‐19 health, such as being less able to exercise, walk, concentrate, or breathe. A limitation is that self‐report of symptoms might be biased and/or caused by factors other than COVID‐19. Overall, even in a community setting, symptoms may persist months after COVID‐19 reducing daily activities including caring for dependents.
N protein‐based ultrasensitive SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody detection in seconds via 3D nanoprinted, microarchitected array electrodes
Authors: Ali Md. Azahar , Hu Chunshan , Zhang Fei , Jahan Sanjida , Yuan Bin , Saleh Mohammad S. , Gao Shou‐Jiang , Panat Rahul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRapid detection of antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 is critical for COVID‐19 diagnostics, epidemiological research, and studies related to vaccine evaluation. It is known that the nucleocapsid (N) is the most abundant protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 and can serve as an excellent biomarker due to its strong immunogenicity. This paper reports a rapid and ultrasensitive 3D biosensor for quantification of COVID‐19 antibodies in seconds via electrochemical transduction. This sensor consists of an array of three‐dimensional micro‐length‐scale electrode architecture that is fabricated by aerosol jet 3D printing, which is an additive manufacturing technique. The micropillar array is coated with N proteins via an intermediate layer of nano‐graphene and is integrated into a microfluidic channel to complete an electrochemical cell that uses antibody‐antigen interaction to detect the antibodies to the N protein. Due to the structural innovation in the electrode geometry, the sensing is achieved in seconds, and the sensor shows an excellent limit of detection of 13 fm and an optimal detection range of 100 fm to 1 nm. Furthermore, the sensor can be regenerated at least 10 times, which reduces the cost per test. This work provides a powerful platform for rapid screening of antibodies to SARS‐CoV‐2 after infection or vaccination.
Efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of patients with COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lan Shao‐Huan , Lee Hong‐Zin , Chao Chien‐Ming , Chang Shen‐Peng , Lu Li‐Chin , Lai Chih‐Cheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of melatonin on clinical outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). We searched PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before September 11, 2021. Only RCTs that compared the clinical efficacy of melatonin with a placebo in the treatment of patients with COVID‐19 were included. The primary outcome measure was the clinical recovery rate. We included three RCTs in this meta‐analysis. Melatonin 3 mg three times daily was administered in one RCT, and 3 or 6 mg daily before bedtime in the other two trials. Treatment duration was 14 days in two RCTs and 7 days in one trial. The clinical recovery rates were 94.2% (81/86) and 82.4% (70/85) in the melatonin and control groups, respectively. Overall, patients receiving melatonin had a higher clinical recovery rate than did the controls (odds ratio [OR]: 3.67; 95% CI: 1.21−11.12; I2 = 0%, p = 0.02). The risk of intensive care unit admission was numerically lower in the melatonin group than in the control group (8.3% [6/72] vs. 17.6% [12/68], OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.16−1.25; I2 = 0%, p = 0.13), and the risk of mortality was numerically lower in the melatonin group than in the control group (1.4% [1/72] vs. 4.4% [3/68], OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.03−3.18; I2 = 0%, p = 0.33). In conclusion, melatonin may help improve the clinical outcomes of patients with COVID‐19.
Aggregation of high‐frequency RBD mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 with three VOCs did not cause significant antigenic drift
Authors: Li Tao , Cui Zhimin , Jia Yunfei , Liang Ziteng , Nie Jianhui , Zhang Li , Wang Meng , Li Qianqian , Wu Jiajing , Xu Nan , Liu Shuo , Li Xueli , An Yimeng , Han Pu , Zhang Mengyi , Li Yuhua , Qu Xiaowang , Wang Qihui , Huang Weijin , Wang Youchun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVariants of SARS‐CoV‐2 continue to emerge, posing great challenges in outbreak prevention and control. It is important to understand in advance the impact of possible variants of concern (VOCs) on infectivity and antigenicity. Here, we constructed one or more of the 15 high‐frequency naturally occurring amino acid changes in the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants. A single mutant of A520S, V367F, and S494P in the above three VOCs enhanced infectivity in ACE2‐overexpressing 293T cells of different species, LLC‐MK2 and Vero cells. Aggregation of multiple RBD mutations significantly reduces the infectivity of the possible three VOCs. Regarding neutralization, it is noteworthy that E484K, N501Y, K417N, and N439K predispose to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) protection failure in the 15 high‐frequency mutations. Most importantly, almost all possible VOCs (single RBD mutation or aggregation of multiple mutations) showed no more than a fourfold decrease in neutralizing activity with convalescent sera, vaccine sera, and immune sera of guinea pigs with different immunogens, and no significant antigenic drift was formed. In conclusion, our pseudovirus results could reduce the concern that the aggregation of multiple high‐frequency mutations in the RBD of the spike protein of the three VOCs would lead to severe antigenic drift, and this would provide value for vaccine development strategies.
Nontraditional Organic/Polymeric Luminogens with Red‐Shifted Fluorescence Emissions
Authors: Deng Junwen , Jia Haoyuan , Xie Wendi , Wu Hangrui , Li Jingyun , Wang Huiliang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNontraditional organic/polymeric luminogens, which do not contain any conventional chromophores like large π‐conjugated benzene rings and/or heterocycles, have attracted rapidly growing attention owing to their importance in the fundamental understanding of photoluminescence mechanisms and potential practical applications. However, compared to traditional luminogens, most nontraditional luminogens (NTLs) emit fluorescence in the blue region, and only very limited NTLs with green, yellow, and red emissions have been reported. It is of great scientific and practical importance to develop NTLs with red‐shifted emissions and understand their mechanisms. This review first provides a brief overview of the types of NTLs based on heteroatoms in them, the luminescence mechanism and luminescent characteristics of NTLs, then summarizes recent progress in NTLs with red‐shifted emissions and the main strategies employed, i.e., introducing multiple nonconventional chromophores, introducing intra‐/intermolecular interactions to rigidify clusters, and introducing electron‐giving/withdrawing groups into molecules to lower the gap between the HOMO–LUMO energy levels. This review also provides the perspectives and outlook on future development of NTLs with red‐shifted emissions.
AAPM Task Group Report 272: Comprehensive acceptance testing and evaluation of fluoroscopy imaging systems
Authors: Lin Pei‐Jan Paul , Goode Allen R. , Corwin Frank D. , Fisher Ryan F. , Balter Stephen , Wunderle Kevin A. , Schueler Beth A. , Kim Don‐Soo , Zhang Jie , Zhou Yifang (Jimmy) , Jenkins Peter A. , Mahmood Usman , Lin Teh , Zhao Hui , Park Mi‐Ae , Trianni Annalisa , Lendle Markus , Kuhls‐Gilcrist Andrew , Jans Jan C. , Desponds Lionel , Banasiak Gene , Backes Steve , Snyder Carl , Snyder Angela , Lu Minghui , Gonzalez Scott 
Published: January 2022

AbstractModern fluoroscopes used for image guidance have become quite complex. Adding to this complexity are the many regulatory and accreditation requirements that must be fulfilled during acceptance testing of a new unit. Further, some of these acceptance tests have pass/fail criteria, whereas others do not, making acceptance testing a subjective and time‐consuming task. The AAPM Task Group 272 Report spells out the details of tests that are required and gives visibility to some of the tests that while not yet required are recommended as good practice. The organization of the report begins with the most complicated fluoroscopes used in interventional radiology or cardiology and continues with general fluoroscopy and mobile C‐arms. Finally, the appendices of the report provide useful information, an example report form and topics that needed their own section due to the level of detail.
Deep learning‐based AI model for signet‐ring cell carcinoma diagnosis and chemotherapy response prediction in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Cong , Qin Yun , Zhang Wei‐Han , Jiang Hanyu , Song Bin , Bashir Mustafa R. , Xu Heng , Duan Ting , Fang Mengjie , Zhong Lianzhen , Meng Lingwei , Dong Di , Hu Zhenhua , Tian Jie , Hu Jian‐Kun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to develop a noninvasive artificial intelligence (AI) model to diagnose signet‐ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of gastric cancer (GC) and identify patients with SRCC who could benefit from postoperative chemotherapy based on preoperative contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT).MethodsA total of 855 GC patients with 855 single GCs were included, of which 249 patients were diagnosed as SRCC by histopathologic examinations. The AI model was generated with clinical, handcrafted radiomic, and deep learning features. Model diagnostic performance was measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity, while predictive performance was measured by Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsIn the test cohort (n = 257), the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity of our AI model for diagnosing SRCC were 0.786 (95% CI: 0.721–0.845), 77.3%, and 69.2%, respectively. For the entire cohort, patients with AI‐predicted high risk had a significantly shorter median OS compared with those with low risk (median overall survival [OS], 38.8 vs. 64.2 months, p = 0.009). Importantly, in pathologically confirmed advanced SRCC patients, AI‐predicted high‐risk status was indicative of a shorter overall survival (median overall survival [OS], 31.0 vs. 54.4 months, p = 0.036) and marked chemotherapy resistance, whereas AI‐predicted low‐risk status had substantial chemotherapy benefit (median OS [without vs. with chemotherapy], 26.0 vs. not reached, p = 0.013).ConclusionsThe CT‐based AI model demonstrated good performance for diagnosing SRCC, stratifying patient prognosis, and predicting chemotherapy responses. Advanced SRCC patients with AI‐predicted low‐risk status may benefit substantially from adjuvant chemotherapy.