bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Success Rate of Growth Factors for Existing Periapical Lesions in Failed Endodontically Treated Teeth in Adult Population
Authors: Shaik Izaz , Gaddam Bhavyasri , Patel Anjali , Deshmukh Rashmi , Bhavana Manasa , Sunku Mohana S. M. , Minnikanti Anusha 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
In this study, we investigated the success rate of growth factors for existing periapical lesions in failed endodontically treated teeth in an adult population by systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted an online data search based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyses (PRISMA), from databases PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, for the application of various types of growth factors in endodontically failed teeth with periapical lesions in adults. These included the “platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF),” blood, etc. The data were meta-analyzed using MetaXL 5.3, and GRADE was used to assess the certainty.

Results:
We observed that success of 0.95 was achieved by the end of a year's follow-up with the application of growth factors for periodontal lesions. We also observed that the teeth responded to thermal tests, indicating regeneration; however, studies were with bias and lower sensitivity.

Discussion:
\ Similar to regeneration in immature teeth, growth factors also showed greater success in the treatment of periapical lesions in the failed endodontic teeth in adults.
A Descriptive Study on Visual Outcome and Intraocular Pressure Control after Trabeculectomy with Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in Patients with Glaucoma and Cataract
Authors: Naik Gajaraj T. , Achar Prashanthkumar , Kripalini S. H , Sajjan Sujata 
Published: July 2022

Context:
Glaucoma is a optic neuropathy having multifactorial causes. Both cataract and glaucoma condition can influence management of the one another.

Aims:
To know the visual outcome and intraocular pressure control after combined trabeculectomy in patients with glaucoma and cataract.

Settings and Design:
It was a descriptive interventional study done for two years. All patients diagnosed to have significant cataract and diagnosed glaucoma were included in study.

Methods and Material:
After taking consent, combined surgery was performed and post-op follow up was done on 1st postoperative day and then on 1st week, 2weeks, 4weeks, 6weeks, 8weeks and 6 months. All parameters assessed and tabulated for statistical analysis.

Results:
Mean age of subjects was 59 years. 46.7% were males. Most of the patients (73.4%) were diagnosed as POAG. 26.7% were having PACG. Pre-operatively, 7 patients had vision better than 6/36. 13 patients had 6/36 and 10 patients had less than 6/36. At 6 weeks postoperatively, 76.7% had vision 6/9 or better, 16.7% had between 6/12 to 6/18, 6.7% less than 6/18. Mean IOP, Preoperatively among POAG and PACG was 19.90 and 33.25mmHg. Among POAG, Postoperatively at 6weeks, 8week, and 6months, IOP was 13.81, 13.91 and 12.72mmHg respectively. Postoperatively at 6weeks, 8week, and 6months, IOP was 19.75, 18.00 and 17.25mmHg in case of PACG.

Conclusions:
The study has showed the postoperative visual outcome and control of intraocular pressure is better with combined trabeculectomy with cataract surgery but still patients should be individualised according to their presentation.
Evaluation of Level of TNF-α among Obese Patients with and without Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Fathima Kamal Hameed , Rajendran Venkateshwaran , Sekhar Prasanna , Sivasubramaniam Harish Vadivelu 
Published: July 2022

Aim:
The purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate the role of TNF-α in gingival crevicular fluid among obese women with chronic periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 subjects were randomly selected for the study. The study population was further divided into three groups (Group 1, Obese women without periodontitis; Group 2, Non-obese women without periodontitis; Group 3, Obese with chronic periodontitis). Gingival crevicular fluid samples were taken for assessment based on clinical parameters like probing depth, bleeding on probing, and BMI.

Results:
There was significant increase in the level of TNF-α in gingival crevicular fluid from obese patients with chronic periodontitis and a positive correlation was found between TNF-α levels and values of the plaque index, OHI –I and BMI.

Conclusion:
Based on these results, it can be concluded that GCF level of TNF-α was significantly higher in obese patients with and without chronic periodontitis, and highest in obese patients with chronic periodontitis group.
Comparison of Maxillary Molar Roots with Maxillary Sinus in High-resolution CBCT
Authors: Ranjan Vikash , Maiti Soumendu Bikash , Gupta Ragini , Singh Lalit Narayan , Tyagi Mahima , Bhardwaj Deepti 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The maxillary sinus is a pyramidal-shaped osseous cavity, and maxillary molars are found to be in close proximity to the sinus floor or even protruding into it. The present study was conducted to measure the relation between the roots and sinus floor and also the thickness of the bone using CBCT to determine age and gender differences.

Materials and Methods:
The individuals were separated into two groups based on age: Those under 40 and those over 40 years. There were 25 men and 25 females in the study. Axial, coronal, and sagittal slices of the CBCT images were obtained.

Results:
The first molar root distance and cortical bone thickness varied significantly between men and women, as well as across different ages. Mesiobuccal root with sinus floor was shown to have a substantial mean value for both sexes (P = 0.049 and P = 0.003). In females, the thickness of the buccal plate was 1.291 mm, whereas, in men, it was 2.447 mm (P = 0.000). There was a substantial difference in the thickness of the buccal plate between men and women who were at least 40 years old (P = 0.000).

Conclusion:
This study suggests how important it is to look at anatomical features and bone thickness when determining a person's age and gender.
Effects of pH and Time on Nickel Ion Release from Pediatric Stainless-Steel Crowns
Authors: Tiwari Sonia , Saxena Sudhanshu 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Frequent use of stainless-steel crowns in pediatric dentistry has led to concerns that heavy metals in the crowns could be released into the mouth and potentially trigger allergic reactions. Of these constituents, nickel is known to be a common cause of hypersensitivity reactions.

Aim:
To evaluate and compare nickel ion release from pediatric stainless-steel crowns of 3M ESPE and DNTO Kids Crown at pH levels of 4.3, 5.5, and 6.3 for days 1, 7, 15, and 30.

Methods:
In this in-vitro study, nickel ion release (in PPM) from stainless steel crowns of 3M ESPE (n = 60) and DNTO Kids Crown (n = 60) in artificial saliva of pH 4.3, 5.5, and 6.3 on days 1, 7, 15, and 30 was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry at Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way and three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by least significant difference post hoc test and Spearman's rank order correlation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
In both groups (3M ESPE and DNTO Kids Crown), a significantly higher amount of nickel ion release was observed at pH 4.3. Among different time intervals, significantly maximum nickel ion release was observed on day 7. Nickel ion release from DNTO Kids Crowns was significantly higher than 3M ESPE at all the pH levels and time intervals.

Conclusions:
The pH of artificial saliva and nickel ion release is inversely related. The manufacturing process may affect the biodegradability of stainless-steel crowns. The maximum average nickel ion release from stainless steel crowns is below the recommended dietary intake but sufficient to cause allergic reactions.
Propofol's Efficacy and Outcomes on Anxious Children's Behavior in the Course of Dental Therapy
Authors: Singh Swati , Neyaz Nudrat , Tanwar Aditi S. , Patil Anand N. , Khan Asim M. , Kakti Ateet 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Tranquility therapies have recently been more popular as a means of reducing anxiety amongst children in the course of painful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. As a result, a variety of techniques (oral tranquility, intravenous (IV) tranquility) have been developed to assist practitioners in order to deal with such instances. The goal of this trial was to see how effective propofol could be in calming anxious youngsters during the course of dental therapy. The interventional investigation was undertaken at the Hazaribag College of Dental Sciences and Hospital in Jharkhand.

Materials and Methods:
To assess the outcomes of intravenous propofol on their performance in the course of therapy, 40 children within the age group of 3–6 years pursuing good physical health but uncooperative in nature (negative or definitely negative, bestowing to Frankel's performance scale) were comprised in the study. The performance rating scale was utilized to assess their performance throughout the therapy (BRS). In addition, the point of tranquility was assessed beforehand. Mann–Whitney U test was utilized to equate male and female points of performance along with gradations of drowsiness. The P value for significance was fixed at 0.05.

Results:
All participants' performance and point of tranquility in the course of therapy were promising, and therapy was accomplished for everyone. Mann–Whitney U test revealed no statistically significant differences in point of performance, or gradation of drowsiness amid males and females. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed a strong positive association of therapy time with awakening time.

Conclusion:
Intravenous propofol deep tranquility in the presence of an anesthesiologist was found to be beneficial in restraining nervous and recalcitrant youngsters in the course of dental therapy.
A Survey on the COVID-19 Awareness and Vaccination Acceptance/Hesitance Among the Transgender Population in Various Districts of Tamilnadu
Authors: Alden S Jason , Magesh KT , Sivachandran A , Aravindhan R , Sathyakumar M , Deenadayalan Purushothaman 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) has been deemed as one of the biggest global health crisis. The pandemic has caused a landslide in governance, economics, health care systems, and the daily lifestyle of man for the past 2 years. One of the chief weapons installed by various governments worldwide was the rapid development of an efficient vaccine to combat the disease. This study aims to identify the awareness of COVID 19 and seeks to find the challenges faced by the community in vaccination. This study hypothesized the presence of a multifaceted issue among the transgender populations' hesitance to vaccination. The results from the study could be exploited by the policy makers of the government to provide policies that best alleviate the hesitance among the transgender population.

Material and Methods:
This study is a cross sectional questionnaire based study. A total of 121 transgender people above the age of 18 years who were voluntarily willing for the study were included in the study, while excluding the male and female participants and those transgender participants who were unwilling for the study.

Results and Discussion:
A 100% response regarding COVID-19 awareness from the 121 participants showed exemplary reach to the population. With 76% of individuals being vaccinated, the acceptance of the vaccine and reach of the vaccine was high. COVID-19 awareness has reached the people from all walks of life. With little tweaks to the current policies, India could achieve absolute vaccination against the pandemic.
A Comparative Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of Triphala and Calcium Hydroxide as Intracanal Medicament
Authors: Selvi Mathi Muthamil , Selvabalaji Arumugam , Chonat Anagha , Ananthan Vasanthakumari , Mani Ebenezeer , Chinnaswamy Ananda Devi 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The goal for placement of intracanal medicament during pulpal therapy procedures is to eradicate the bacteria and the exotoxins from the infected root canal, thereby preventing and controlling pulpal and periradicular infections. Chemo-mechanical preparation is considered an essential step in root canal disinfection; but to accomplish the total elimination of bacteria in highly complex root canal anatomy is difficult. Intracanal medicaments help eliminate bacteria by remaining in the root canal, and calcium hydroxide has been recommended as one of the most effective antimicrobial dressings during endodontic therapy. The herbal agents offer an alternative to synthetic compounds. They have been considered either non-toxic or less toxic. The rapid increase in antibiotic-resistant strains and side effects caused by synthetic drugs have prompted researchers to look for herbal alternatives.

Aim and Objective:
The in vitro study aims to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of triphala and calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis as an intracanal medicament

Materials and Methods:
The antimicrobial efficacy of triphala and calcium hydroxide was evaluated against E. faecalis cultured and incubated for various time frames in 42 intact, caries-free, human, single-rooted teeth with straight roots and mature apices. The comparison of the number of counted colonies after each incubation time and based on the type of drug used inside the canal is evaluated using non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U test, respectively. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 14.0.

Results:
Efficacy of calcium hydroxide against Enterococcus faecalis was best in the first 72-hr time duration compared with triphala. Triphala showed significant antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis that was closely parallel to the calcium hydroxide group in one week. Calcium hydroxide and triphala had complete eradication of Enterococcus faecalis in a given one-month time duration.
A Comparative Clinical Study to Assess the Role of Antibiotics in Periodontal Flap Surgery
Authors: Singhi Arpit , Sharma Anant Raghav , Nath Jishnu , Sharma Sangeeta , Marri Ranjitha , Ekka Rashmi Kiran 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Periodontitis is a multifaceted disease that results from the intricate interplay of infectious pathogens and host factors. Periodontal surgical techniques may be required in moderate to severe cases of chronic periodontitis. As a result of the potential for postoperative infection to have a substantial impact on the surgical outcome, an attempt will be made in the study to assess the role of antibiotics in periodontal flap procedures in minimizing postoperative infections.

Methodology:
From the Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, 30 patients (male and female) with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were chosen. Amoxicillin 500 mg three times a day for 5 days following surgery was given in the therapeutic group (15 patients). Antibiotics were not provided to the control group (15 patients) after surgery. Both groups were administered analgesics and antiseptic mouthwash. On the seventh day after suture removal, patients were assessed for pain (measured on a visual analogue scale [VAS]), modified gingival index, wound healing index, swelling, fever, ulceration, and delayed wound healing.

Results:
The VAS reported in the control group was 2.67, while the VAS recorded in the therapeutic group was 2.20. The mean modified gingival index score in the control group was 0.94, while it was 0.67 in the therapeutic group. The mean Wound Healing Index score in the control group was 3.80, whereas it was 3.97 in the therapeutic group. When antibiotics were administered to patients, they reported less pain and faster wound healing. Following flap surgery with or without antibiotics, however, there were no statistically significant variations in all clinical measures.

Conclusion:
The findings of our study imply that antibiotics for the sole goal of avoiding postsurgical infections may not be beneficial.
The Effects of Corticotomy and Piezocision in Orthodontic Canine Retraction
Authors: Sonone Truppti P. , Nawab Aftab , Krishnaraj Parthiban , Nagar Priya , Arya  , Mohan Ipshita 
Published: July 2022

Background:
There have been many studies and experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of dental treatment. Maxillary canine extraction is such a dental treatment which can be performed through either alveolar corticotomy (AC) or piezocision (PZ). The current study aims to compare the effectiveness of these two types of dental procedures. It is based on a randomized clinical trial (RCT) through the split-mouth technique supported by a parallel group design. The participants in the trial were selected on the basis of a medical criterion. The clinical trial involved extraction of both the first maxillary premolar teeth through use of orthodontic instruments. This study aims to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of alveolar corticotomy and piezocision corticotomy in acceleration of maxillary canine retraction and how it can be used for expression of multiple bone remodeling gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). As part of this study, a RCT was performed on the basis of split-mouth technique at the Department of Orthodontics of Pontifical Catholic University at Minas Gerais in Brazil. The sample size for the clinical trial consisted of people who required extraction of maxillary premolar teeth after canine extraction. After digital intraoral scans, the cumulative distal movement of canines was measured on the basis of superimposition of digital model and the results were considered as the primary outcome of the study. The GCF bone remodeling samples were considered as the secondary outcomes.

Results:
50 patients, involving 22 males and 28 females were analyzed in this particular clinical trial. The age range that was considered for this clinical trial was 19–33 years. In case of understanding the distal movement between control and AC, no statistical significance was observed in Group1 (G1). Lower cumulative cervical and incisal measurements in case of PZ was lower than the measurement in the control state. In all the groups, the expression of the biomarkers had occurred in specific timepoints (P < 0.05) but no distinct pattern was observed.

Conclusions:
In order to accelerate the maxillary canine retraction, PZ and AC were ineffective. No distinct induction pattern of biomarker expression was noted as well.
Assessment of Dimensional Changes in Periodontium with Immediate Replacement of Tooth by Socket-shield Technique
Authors: Goutam Manish , Singh Harkanwal Preet , Sharma Deepak , Kumar Santosh , Marish Panjami , Sonune Shital J. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The reduction of alveolar bone volume following tooth extraction may interfere with the placement of implants. The present study was conducted to assess dimensional changes in periodontium with immediate replacement of tooth by socket-shield technique.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty fractured central incisors were enrolled, and periodontal ligament (PDL)-mediated root preservation technique was planned with simultaneous implant placement.

Results:
Out of 20 patients, males were 11 and females were 9. Preoperatively, buccolingual alveolar bone width was 8.1 mm and postoperatively, 9.0 mm. There was 2.1 mm bone loss preoperatively and 2.2 mm postoperatively. The difference was significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
PDL-mediated root preservation technique with simultaneous implant placement is effective.
A Comparative Study on Accuracy of SRK-T And Haigis Formulas in IOL Power Calculation in Axial Myopes Undergoing Cataract Surgery
Authors: Amulya Padmini H M , Dhananjaya K H , Budihal Shivaraj B. , Naik Gajaraj T. 
Published: July 2022

Background and Objective:
It has been a significant challenge since the advent of intraocular lens to give the best postoperative visual acuity and prevent refractive surprises due to biometry error. Among myopic eyes, it has been a debate among the various formulas introduced and their efficacy to prevent postoperative refractive surprises. Hence, the need for an accurate formula in high myopic eyes is obligatory.

Objectives of the Study:
To compare the accuracy of SRK-T and Haigis formulas in IOL power calculation in axial myopic eyes undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods:
A total of 50 cases with axial length >24 mm were taken up for the study and were examined in detail and error between both formulas were assessed.

Results:
The mean age of the subjects in the study was 53.50 ± 16.12 years; 27 were males, and 23 were females. The majority of patients had PSC + NS II. Seven out of 50 cases had posterior staphyloma. Most of the patients had average K value in the 44–46-D range. AL of most of the patients (66%) was between 24 and 26 mm. The majority of patients had IOL power >15 D, and 82% (41 eyes) were found to have no post-op complications. Four eyes had severe iritis, and five eyes had striate keratopathy. At the follow-up at 6th week postoperatively, 82% were found to have 6/6–6/9 vision on Snellen's chart. Four eyes had 6/12–6/24 post-op vision, mainly attributed to primary PCO. Five eyes (10%) had <6/24 post op vision at the end of 1 week due to the presence of posterior staphyloma. A higher percentage of eyes in the SRK/T group had a mean error >0.5 D. Upon comparing the mean error between the two groups, P was 0.005; hence, the results are statistically very significant, showing that Haigis formula is better than SRK/T formula in achieving target refraction (−1) in myopic eyes undergoing phacoemulsification.

Interpretation and Conclusion:
Our study shows that Haigis formula was better than SRK/T formula for achieving the target postoperative refraction in high axial myopes.
Orofacial Features and Their Correlation in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Sinha Sonal , Toshi Toshi , Raj Nikhil , Mankotia Chahat Singh , Kumari Khushboo , Irfan Ahamed KA , Rangari Priyadarshini 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The association between cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis had different pathophysiological mechanisms involved. These mechanisms are both inflammatory and microbial. Furthermore, the possible association between two diseases can be explained by common risk factors.

Aims:
The present trial was carried out to establish a relation between coronary artery disease and periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty-six participants advised for the angiography were included. Periodontists determined the presence of periodontitis in all participants followed by lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and blood coronary angiography was then performed. The collected data were subjected to the statistical analysis, and the results were formulated.

Results:
The level of CRP in participants with and without coronary artery disease was 0.66 ± 1.52 and 0.53 ± 1.01, respectively, which was nonsignificant with a P = 0.63. Nonstatistically significant difference was seen in values of cholesterol and blood glucose in participants with and without coronary artery disease (P = 0.28 and P = 0.53). The mean tooth loss in participants with coronary artery disease was 14.2 ± 6.4 and in participants with no coronary artery disease was 11.8 ± 6.5, and such difference was statistically significant (P = 0.05).

Conclusion:
The present study establishes an association between poor oral health, periodontitis, and coronary artery disease. This study demonstrates that tooth loss which is an important feature of periodontitis is significantly associated with coronary artery disease.