bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPATIO-TEMPORAL PARAMETERS OF THE FRONT OF THE FORCE FIELD IN THE SYSTEM OF ELONGATED CHARGES
Authors: Kravets Viktor , Sagalo Bogdan , Shukurov Azar 
Published: December 2022

Purpose and task is to study the nature of the formation of the force field in the heel region by the interaction of the upper end parts of adjacent charges.Research results. Based on the fact that outside the zone of plastic deformations the force field is created by stresses close to elastic, analytical studies used a simplified computing apparatus based on known data on the shape and numerical values of force and time parameters of a single pulse from a single cylindrical charge of a given mass and length. The main results. The regularities of the formation of the force field in the boundary zones of action of the system of adjacent elongated charges are considered. The phenomenon of field degradation observed near the end part of the charges, which has a negative effect on the overall mechanical effect of the mass explosion, is analyzed.Conclusions and practical consequences. The shape of the total field of maximum stresses on the middle axis between adjacent charges initiated simultaneously from the lower end should have manifestations of the cumulative effect in the area of the upper end areas of adjacent charges.Therefore, after the inclined counter power fronts, counter mass shifts should take place, generally directed towards the superbore layer of the rock mass at the level of the stamping. The technique of forming upward movements in the intercharging volume of the rock is a new technological element that takes over the experience of conducting mass blasting operations according to an effective traditional system of switching a network of wells in the form of a horizontal wedge or trapezoidal cut. Such a traditional scheme initiates successive pairwise counter mass shifts with short decelerations in the direction of the lateral slope of the ledge. In contrast to this scheme, the new technology of mass explosion is based on a combined technique of simultaneous lower charge initiation in groups of 2-3 rows and the use of traditional short decelerations between groups to prevent excessive seismic effect. Thus, in groups the combined scheme of KSP "vertical wedge" which promotes additional destruction of the top layer of the planted rock block and reduction of an exit ofoversized fraction at the level of a stamping is realized.Keywords: charges, cumulative effect, rock mass, intercharging volume, explosion, seismic effect, vertical wedge.
PROCESSING OF BULK AND ROD MATERIALS IN COMBINED VESSELS
Authors: Trofymova Olena , Felonenko Stanislav , Hubkina Viktoriia 
Published: December 2022

Purpose and task is making research on the dynamics of a vibrating installation to process tubular materials and the kinematics of their movement (circulation) in hemispherical chambers.
Methodology. To achieve the target goal, an expert assessment of existing approaches to methods of processing bulk and rod materials in air and liquid environments has been carried out.
Research methods. Using vibrations for heat treatment of bulk and tubular materials makes it possible to intensify the heat exchange process, significantly reduce processing time, save fuel and electricity consumption, improve product quality, reduce costs on maintenance and environmental protection. The materials of theoretical studies on vibrating machine dynamics under different types of working body oscillations and the number of vibration drives are presented. Analytical dependences of vibration parameters have been obtained.
The main results. Using vibrations to develop highly reliable and efficient technological units incorporating the performance of low technological operations in one device.
Conclusions and practical significance. Based on the analysis of vibrating machines with a liquid environment, the results of research aimed at improving technologies and appropriate technical means to process bulk, lump and rod materials in air and liquid environments are provided. The solution of linear differential equations resulted in obtaining amplitude parameters of steady oscillations of an installation working body with relevance to the movement of working camera points and the installation angular oscillations as well. It has been proved that the amplitude of the vertical oscillations of the point is equal to the amplitude of the circular oscillations of the installation gravity center. Obtained rational trajectories of installation point oscillations to determine rational parameters are based on the requirements of material processing technology. The developed calculation methods can be used while studying machine dynamics of other types of a similar class containing liquid in the working space. Installation design makes it possible to adjust the oscillation amplitude and the nature of the trajectory of the installation working body points within wide limits.
Keywords: rod or bulk material, motion kinematics, processing, vibrating machines, vibration trajectories, liquid, or air environment.
EXPERIENCE IN STRENGTHENING UNDERGROUND PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS IN WATER-SATURATED CITY SOILS
Authors: Tuhanov Hirei 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: to analyze the problem of subsidence of vertical and horizontal elements of underground pedestrian crossings in the conditions of the city of Kyiv (Intersection of Mineralna – Ukrainian streets) taking into account the water-logged structure of the soil. Find a modern solution to this problem using a scientific approach. Using the example of an underground pedestrian crossing, identify the most deformed areas in the elements of the joints of vertical and horizontal structures for further processing and drawing a conclusion for the elimination of similar ones in the future.Methodology: in order to establish the reasons that caused the deformation of structures, to solve the task of engineering survey of the technical condition of their reinforced concrete structures with an instrumental survey of the actual strength, geometry and monitoring of uneven precipitation. Based on the results of field and chamber work, a complex ofstrengthening and restoration engineering and technical measures was developed and recommended to the customer for implementation, taking into account the requirements. Originality: the article provides an example of the implementation of the construction of the foundations of underground pedestrian crossings erected on water-saturated soils in complex engineering and geological conditions using construction water subsidence, usingtechnological methods, with the aim of excluding uneven deformations of foundation sediments above the zones of depression funnels from water subsidence or artificial foundations from vertical cement-soil reinforcing elements, the frontal part of which must be wrapped in reliable base soils.Findings and practical implications. The sealing of horizontal and vertical technological and sedimentary-temperature seams in the construction of foundations, walls and the covering of underground structures should be carried out using modern types of hydraulic plugs that perceive the hydraulic pressure from underground water and exhibit the property of swelling when in contact with flooding water. Such technological solutions can be used in the construction of underground pedestrian crossings in the conditions of dense urban development, in the presence of significant possible vertical deformations in water-saturated soils.Keywords: subsidence, sediment, crack, depression curve, mountain pressure, waterproofing, pile, cement-soil reinforcing element, monitoring
Evaluasi Penerapan Moodle Dalam Pembelajaran Kejuruan Menggunakan Gibb's Reflective Learning Cycle
Authors: Affandi Lukman Rian , Lestari Muji 
Published: December 2022

<p>Good interaction between educators and learners can encourage the achievement of learning objectives. However, if the interaction goes well, the result will be the opposite. Moreover, the learning process needs to encourage students to think critically. However, it will instead become a burden in the learning process so that there is no collaboration between students during the learning process. This study aims to understand the perceptions of teachers and students towards the application of the Moodle Learning Management System (LMS) to improve learning outcomes that are still low using several types of learning media. This research uses a qualitative approach with Gibb's Reflective Learning Cycle technique to obtain the perceptions of educators and students. This research was conducted because, in the learning process, many still need to learn to use technology appropriately. The media used is less innovative and limited, so learning has yet to be created that encourages students to think critically and comprehensively. Unlike moodle research in general, this research is used to evaluate two sides of using technology, especially moodle, in helping the learning process, namely on the side of educators and students. </p>
Stable knockdown of attached cells with pSUPER.retro.puro vector
Authors: Fuks Francois 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This protocol describes how stable knockdown is performed using the pSUPER.retro.puro (pRS) lentiviral vector (OligoEngine) to form short hairpin RNAs for RNAi. Transient co-transfection of HEK293GP packaging cells is used to generate cell-free viral supernatants, which is then used to infect target cells. Stable shRNA production is then maintained by puromycin selection.This protocol has been optimized for attached cultured cell lines.
Isolation, culture and, characterization of endometrial mesenchymal stromal cells (endMSCs)
Authors: Álvarez Verónica , Casado Javier García , Marinaro Federica , de Pedro María de los Ángeles , Pulido María , Nieto Esther López 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (endMSCs) can be isolated from menstrual blood of healthy women and expanded under standard culture conditions. Once the cell culture is established, the multipotency of endMSCs can be in vitro evaluated using specific differentiation media for 21 days. Cell differentiation state can be observed by optical microscopy. On the other hand, the phenotypical characterization can be performed by flow cytometry targeting a combination of surface markers.This protocol is suitable for establishing an endMSCs culture for multiple purposes: in vitro assays, preclinical studies, “omic” analyses, etc.
Vitrification with microinjection of single seminiferous tubules
Authors: HAN SHA , ZHAO LIANGYU 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This is a protocol for vitrification with microinjection of single seminiferous tubules an efficient cryopreservation approach for limited testicular tissue. Microinjection of seminiferous tubules maintained tubule structural integrity and germ cell numbers, and reduced spermatogonial apoptosis after cryopreservation. But it cannot be used on large testicular tissues. The key stages of the protocol is vitrification solution introduced into the seminiferous tubules via microinjection needles connected to a microinjection pump with a flow rate set at 2 μl/s under microscopy. The time taken for it to be completed is about half an hour for vitrification and 15 min for thawing
Cell culture protocol for sc-Tiling: High-resolution characterization of gene function using single-cell CRISPR tiling
Authors: Chen Chun-Wei David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Identification of novel functional domains and characterization of detailed regulatory mechanisms in cancer-driving genes is critical for advanced cancer therapy. Here, we present the cell culture protocol for “sc-Tiling,” which integrates a CRISPR gene-tiling screen with 10X Genomics single-cell RNAseq (sc-RNAseq) workflow.
The metabolic and redox signaling of the nucleoredoxin-like 2 gene supports brain function
Authors: Léveillard Thierry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The nucleoredoxin genes NXNL2 encodes by alternative splicing for a secreted truncated thioredoxin that mediates neuronal survival and a thioredoxin enzyme that regulates the phosphorylation of TAU. Behavioral analyses of young Nxnl2-/- mice demonstrate that this gene is involved in regulating of brain functions and is essential for learning and memory exerting positive effects on long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus. LTP dysfunction on the young Nxnl2-/- mice can be fully corrected by the synergistic action of the two products of the Nxnl2 gene. The expression pattern of the Nxnl2 gene in the brain shows a predominant expression in circumventricular organs, such as the area postrema. Glucose metabolism of the hippocampus of young Nxnl2-/- mice is abnormal, as shown by metabolomic analyses of hippocampal tissue specimens. Aging Nxnl2-/- mice have brain stigmata of tauopathy. This late occurring tauopathy can be prevented, although at modest efficacy, by recombinant AAVs encoding RdCVF2 and RdCVF2L when administrated to young animals. The NXNL2 metabolic and redox signaling in the brain announces a new area of ​​research in neurodegenerative diseases.
Developing and Assessing the Validity of a Metric to Quantify the Competitiveness of Surgical Residency Programs
Authors: Treffalls Rebecca N , Haideri Umme Farwa , Treffalls John A , Engledow Kevin , Davies Mark G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As surgical residencies become increasingly competitive, efforts are needed to improve the definition and measurement of competitiveness. Historically, most applicants utilize match rate to determine how competitive a residency is. However, there is limited data validating the use of match rate as a metric for competitiveness, and such use can lead to applicant self-selection. Metrics to measure competitiveness have been created by other studies; however, such metrics are specific to fellowships or are not straightforward enough for general use. An applicant's competitiveness is often determined based on metrics, such as the United States Licensing Exam (USMLE) Step 1 and Step 2, letters of recommendation, clerkship grades, research, and volunteering. In addition to match rate, applicants often use metrics of prior matched applicants to determine how competitive a specialty is. While metrics have continuously increased over time, it is unknown how applicant metrics correlate with the standard methods of assessing competitiveness, such as match rate. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a simple metric to assess the competitiveness of general and subspecialty surgical residency programs.
Protocol for the assay of biliverdin by the recombinant protein HUG
Authors: Tramer Federica , Perez Rocio Cardenas , Sist Paola , Passamonti Sabina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Biliverdin is a secondary metabolite of heme catabolism. It is formed by the reaction catalyzed by heme oxygenase, which converts the heme group contained in proteins, such as hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and catalase, to biliverdin, iron (II), and CO in equimolar amounts, consuming NADPH. Biliverdin is then reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase (again by the simultaneous oxidation of NADPH), which together forms an intracellular redox couple. Heme oxygenase-1 is an inducible enzyme induced by hypoxic conditions, increased availability of heme, or proinflammatory mechanisms, such as LPS, UV radiation, etc. Moreover, both heme oxygenase-1 and biliverdin reductase play roles other than catalysis, by modulating specific metabolic pathways at the transcriptional level. We present here a protocol for the determination of biliverdin based on its enzymatic conversion to bilirubin, which specifically binds to the recombinant protein HUG, resulting in fluorescence emission. This method allows the measurement of bilirubin and biliverdin in nM concentrations.
An update to: Tracking TAU in neurons: How to grow, fix and stain primary neurons for the investigation of TAU in all developmental stages
Authors: Buchholz Sarah , Bell-Simons Michael , Haag Natja , Zempel Hans 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Primary murine neurons are a well-established tool for investigating TAU in the context of neuronal development and neurodegeneration. However, culturing primary neurons is usually time-consuming and requires multiple feeding steps, media exchanges, proprietary media supplements, and/or preparation of complex media. Here we describe i) a relatively cheap and easy cell culture procedure for the cultivation of forebrain neurons from embryonic mice (E13.5) based on a commercially available neuronal supplement (NS21), ii) a protocol for the cultivation of hippocampal and cortical neurons from postnatal (P0-P3) animals, as well as iii) basic fixation and immunofluorescence techniques for the staining of neuronal markers and endogenous TAU. We demonstrate a staining technique, which minimizes antibody consumption and allows for fast and convenient processing of samples for immunofluorescence microscopy of endogenous TAU in primary neurons. We also provide a protocol that enables cryopreservation of fixed cells for years without measurable loss of TAU signal. In sum, we provide reliable protocols enabling microscopy-based studies of TAU in primary murine neurons.
Targeted treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma
Authors: Riskjell Anne Iren , Mäkinen Vivi-Nelli , Paulsen Birgitte Sandfeld , Aggerholm-Pedersen Ninna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is a heterogeneous group of sarcomas with a low incidence. The treatment of advanced disease is poor, and the mortality is high. In other types of cancer, targeted treatment has shown promising results. Therefore, we aimed to generate an overview of the clinical experiences with targeted treatments based on a pre-specified target in patients with STS.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase databases. The programs ENDNOTE and COVIDENCE were used for data management. The literature was screened to assess the article’s eligibility for inclusion. A total of 31 articles were included in this review.
Results
Twenty-eight targeted agents were used in the treatment of 80 patients with advanced STS and a known pre-specified genetic alteration. MDM2-inhibitors were the most studied drug (n = 19), followed by crizotinib (n = 9), ceritinib (n = 8) and 90Y-OTSA (n = 8). All patients treated with MDM2 inhibitor achieved a treatment response of stable disease (SD) or better with a treatment duration of 4 to 83 months. For the remaining drugs, a more mixed response was observed. The evidence is low since most studies were case reports or cohort studies, where only a few STS patients were included.
Conclusion
Many targeted agents are available that can precisely target specific genetic alterations in advanced STS. The MDM2 inhibitor has shown promising results and must be considered in patients with MDM2 amplification; however, further investigation is needed to identify the potential survival effect of targeted treatment in sarcoma.
Influence of calcium nanoparticles on antioxidant enzymes, total carbohydrates content and isozymes of in vitro cultured Lupinus termis under cadmium stress.
Authors: Khalaf Basma M.M. , Mohsen Awatif A. , El-Kemary Maged , Dowidar Samha M.A. , Abo-Hamad Shaimaa A. , Elhaak Mahmoud A.A. , Elsherif Doaa E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Tissue culture technique was carried out in order to assess the possible effects of calcium nanoparticles either Ca(OH) 2 or CaO at concentration of 100 and 50 µM, respectively on peroxidase and catalase enzymes, total soluble carbohydrates content, starch content and isozymes of peroxidase and amylase of Lupinus termis callus at 30 days of growth. The experimental plant tissues were grown in culture using B 5 medium amended with either different concentrations of CdCl 2 (20 and 60 mg/l) or calcium nanoparticles either Ca(OH) 2 or CaO at concentrations of 100 and 50 µM, respectively. Ca nanoparticles decreased the harmful effects of Cadmium as the activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were reduced by applying nanoparticles either Ca(OH) 2 or CaO to media having different concentrations of Cd. The content of Starch Tissue culture technique was carried out on Lupinus termis plant.was increased only by addition of Ca nanoparticles either Ca(OH) 2 or CaO and their mixture to 60 mg/l Cd. Isozyme profile of peroxidase and amylase in callus showed 2 isoforms of POD and three isoforms of amylase varied in their intensity and thickening in response to different treatments.
Progesterone Acts Synergistically with Niraparib in Ovarian Cancer by Promoting Ferroptosis via the PR/SCD1/ Fatty Acid Oxidation Pathway
Authors: Wu Nayiyuan , Fang Chao , Zhang Xiu , Zhu Miaochen , Wang Zhibin , Jian Lian , Tan Weili , Wang Ying , Li He , Xu Xuemeng , Zhou Yujuan , Wang Jing , Liao Qianjin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) play an increasing role in the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC). However, more than 40% BRCA1/2-deficient patients do not respond to PARPi, and wild-type BRCA cases have no significant benefit. Here, we demonstrated progesterone acted synergistically with niraparib in ovarian cancer cells with or without BRCA deficient. This synergism has been confirmed in the ovarian cancer organoid model and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, progesterone can enhance activity of niraparib in ovarian cancer via ferroptosis induction by upregulating progesterone receptor (PR)/SCD1-mediated fatty acid metabolism and enhancing mitochondrial damage. In clinical cases, PR and SCD1 were expressed at higher levels in PARPi sensitive cases compared with resistant cases, and high PR expression was associated with improved prognosis and higher sensitivity to PARPi in OC. This study provides new strategies for improving the efficacy of PARPi in ovarian cancer.
An investigation on the mechanical and microstructural properties of pigeon pea stalk ash concrete: An approach towards environmental sustainability
Authors: Krishnan Anitha , Subramanian Senthil Selvan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The concept of sustainability in agricultural residue management has gained increasing traction around the world in recent years. After harvesting, large volumes of waste are generated that are often dumped into the environment, causing pollution. In addition to preventing environmental degradation, these wastes can also be used in the concrete industry to reduce mineral resource depletion. With this approach, sustainable development is possible. According to the results of this investigation, the effect of pigeon pea stalk ash (PPSA) as a partial replacement of cement in concrete, a series of experimental tests were performed. It has been found that the compressive strength increases for the mixes from 4 to 8% of cement replacement. In contrast, the strength decreases when the percentage replacement of pigeon pea stalk ash with cement exceeds 8%. Based on the experimental results, concrete infused with 8% pigeon pea stalk ash increased its compressive strength by 6.96%. The compressive strength decreased with a further increase in PPSA content. Although the split tensile strength value of PPSA8 concrete was same value compared to the control concrete, even an 8% PPSA concrete has higher strength than other replacement levels. Concrete with 8% PPSA content was observed to have a higher flexural strength than control concrete. PPSA concrete was prepared with pigeon pea stalk waste up to 8% substitution of cement. PPSA concrete has reduced permeability and higher resistance to acid attack. All the strength and durability test results revealed that PPSA concrete type was superior to the control concrete in terms of mechanical qualities and durability characteristics. The present work discusses concrete's improved economic and environmental aspects with incorporated pigeon pea stalk ash. Hence, this study points toward the highest potential use of more concerned about agricultural wastes like pigeon pea stalk ash in green concrete.