bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual dorsal displacement following surgery in distal radial fractures: A cause for trouble?
Authors: Falk Steffi S. I. , Mittlmeier Thomas , Gradl Georg 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Distal radius fractures have great impact on activities of daily living of affected patients. Repeatedly, a non-anatomic restoration of the volar tilt can be observed in a minimum of 20% in postoperative X-ray control examinations. Hence, the question arises whether the achieved reduction is functionally acceptable, or whether a further attempt should be made to improve the surgical outcome.

Methods
The data presented here originate from a prospective analysis including three therapy studies on surgical treatment options for fractures of the distal radius between 2004 and 2011. For this study, the participants were divided into two groups: The first group represents the cases with non-anatomical restoration of the volar tilt with − 5° to 5°. The second group contains patients with an anatomical volar tilt between 6° and 15°.

Results
A total of 624 patients were screened according to the inclusion criteria. Radiological evaluation showed consolidation of all fractures. The mean volar tilt as measured in standard x-rays of the wrist was 0° and 8°, respectively. The range of wrist motion in relation of the healthy opposite side was comparable in all directions (for example comparison group 1: Ext/Flex 94/94%; group 2: Ext/Flex 93/93%). Functional assessment of postoperative midterm results employing the Castaing and Gartland & Werley scores 2.3 years after surgery did not reveal significant differences between both groups.

Conclusion
According to the available data, a volar tilt in the range of − 5° to 5° can be tolerated intraoperatively without any risk of loss of function regarding the patient's manual abilities.
A review of the potential of lichen substances as antifungal agents: the effects of extracts and lichen secondary metabolites on Fusarium fungi
Authors: Furmanek Łukasz , Czarnota Paweł , Seaward Mark R. D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present meta-analysis provides literature data on the effect of lichen extracts and single secondary metabolites used againstFusariumspp. moulds. Lichen extracts were obtained from 51 corticolous, 17 terricolous and 18 saxicolous lichen species and 37 secondary compounds were tested against eight fungal species, i.e.,Fusarium acuminatum,F. avenaceum,F. culmorum,F. fujikuroi,F. oxysporum,F. roseum,F. solaniandF. udum. The researchers used several test methods, mostly to determine MIC and IZ. Extracts were obtained using several solvents, mainly organic ones with use of the Soxhlet apparatus. The most frequently tested species wasF. oxysporum, against which lichen substances fromAlectoria sarmentosa,Cladonia mitis,C. rangiferina,Flavoparmelia caperata,Hypotrachyna cirrhata,Leucodermia leucomelos,Parmotrema austrosinense,P. reticulatum,Physcia aipolia,Pseudevernia furfuracea,Roccella montagneiandUmbilicaria nylanderianaand secondary metabolites such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-3,6-dimethylbenzoic acid, atranorin, lecanoric and (+)-usnic acids showed the highest antifungal potential. These agencies could compete with the potential of fungicides, such as flucytosine and fluconazole. Other species have been poorly investigated. Statistical analysis of literature data showed that the fungistatic potential of lichen extracts is significantly different from individual secondary metabolites. Similarly, the potential of secondary metabolites often differs significantly from that of non-lichen substances. This meta-analysis indicates the potential of lichen substances as future anti-fusarial agents.
Isothermal circular strand displacement–based assay for microRNA detection in liquid biopsy
Authors: Bellassai Noemi , D’Agata Roberta , Spoto Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular miRNAs are promising targets for developing new assays for the early diagnosis and prognosis of diseases based on liquid biopsy. The detection of miRNAs in liquid biopsies is challenged by their short sequence length, low concentration, and interferences with bodily fluid components. Isothermal circular strand displacement polymerization has emerged as a convenient method for nucleic acid amplification and detection. Herein, we describe an innovative strategy for microRNA detection directly from biological fluids based on hairpin probe–assisted isothermal amplification reaction. We designed and optimized the assay to detect target analytes in 1 µL of the complex media’s biological matrix using a microfluidic device for the straightforward analysis of multiple samples. We validated the assay to detect circulating miR-127-5p in synovial fluid, recently indicated as a predictive biomarker for osteoarthritis disease. The combined use of a mutant polymerase operating with high yield and a primer incorporating locked nucleic acid nucleosides allowed detection of miR-127-5p with 34 fmol L−1 LOD. We quantified circulating miR-127-5p directly in synovial fluid, thus demonstrating that the assay may be employed for the convenient detection of 4.3 ± 0.5 pmol L−1 concentrated miRNAs in liquid biopsy samples.
Graphical abstract
Non-hypervascular hepatobiliary phase hypointense lesions detected in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a post hoc analysis of SORAMIC trial to identify risk factors for progression
Authors: Öcal Osman , Zech Christoph J. , Fabritius Matthias P. , Loewe Christian , van Delden Otto , Vandecaveye Vincent , Gebauer Bernhard , Berg Thomas , Sengel Christian , Bargellini Irene , Iezzi Roberto , Benito Alberto , Pech Maciej , Gasbarrini Antonio , Sangro Bruno , Malfertheiner Peter , Ricke Jens , Seidensticker Max 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To identify clinical and imaging parameters associated with progression of non-hypervascular hepatobiliary phase hypointense lesions during follow-up in patients who received treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
A total of 67 patients with 106 lesions were identified after screening 538 patients who underwent gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI within the SORAMIC trial. All patients were allocated to the trial treatment according to the trial scheme, and 61 of 67 patients received systemic treatment with sorafenib (either alone or combined with locoregional therapies) during the trial period. Follow-up images after treatment according to trial scheme were reviewed for subsequent hypervascularization or > 1 cm size increase. The correlation between progression and several imaging and clinical parameters was assessed using univariable and multivariable analyses.

Results
On a median 178 (range, 48–1072) days follow-up period, progression was encountered in 18 (16.9%) lesions in 12 (17.9%) patients. In univariable analysis size > 12.6 mm (p = 0.070), ECOG-PS (p = 0.025), hypointensity at T1-weighted imaging (p = 0.028), hyperintensity at T2-weighted imaging (p < 0.001), hyperintensity at DWI images (p = 0.007), and cirrhosis (p = 0.065) were correlated with progression during follow-up. Hyperintensity at T2 images (p = 0.011) was an independent risk factor for progression in multivariable analysis, as well as cirrhosis (p = 0.033) and ECOG-PS (p = 0.030).

Conclusions
Non-hypervascular hepatobiliary phase hypointense lesions are associated with subsequent progression after treatment in patients with HCC. T2 hyperintensity, diffusion restriction, cirrhosis, and higher ECOG-PS could identify lesions with increased risk. These factors should be considered for further diagnostic evaluation or treatment of such lesions.

Key Points
• Non-hypervascular hepatobiliary phase hypointense lesions have considerable risk of progression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving treatment.
• T2 hyperintensity, cirrhosis, ECOG-PS, and hyperintensity at DWI are associated with increased risk of progression.
• Non-hypervascular hepatobiliary phase hypointense lesions should be considered in the decision-making process of locoregional therapies, especially in the presence of these risk factors.
Humoral response and safety of the third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ocrelizumab or fingolimod
Authors: Capuano Rocco , Altieri Manuela , Conte Miriana , Bisecco Alvino , d’Ambrosio Alessandro , Donnarumma Giovanna , Grimaldi Elena , Coppola Nicola , Medici Nicola , Galdiero Massimiliano , Tedeschi Gioacchino , Gallo Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The assessment of the safety and the humoral response to a third booster dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is relevant in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS) treated with Ocrelizumab (OCR) or Fingolimod (FNG).

Methods
Serum samples were collected from Healthy controls (HCs) and pwMS treated with OCR or FNG at the following time-points: before the first of two vaccine doses (T0); 8 (T1), 16 (T2), 24 (T3) weeks after the first dose; within 8 weeks before (T0b) and after (T1b) the booster dose. IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 trimeric spike protein (Anti-TSP IgG) were quantified and expressed as binding antibody units (BAU)/mL.

Results
40 HCs, 28 pwMS on OCR and 19 on FNG were included. At T0b 12 (42.9%) pwMS on OCR and 6 (31.6%) on FNG were still positive while, at T1b 16 (57.14%) pwMS on OCR and 16 (84.2%) on FNG, passed the threshold of positivity. The increase of Anti-TSP IgG levels at T1b was higher for: (i) HCs with respect to OCR (p < 0.001) and FNG (p = 0.032) groups; (ii) pwMS on FNG compared with pwMS on OCR (p < 0.001). No socio-demographic, clinical or laboratory variables were able to predict the anti-TSP IgG increase between T0b and T1b. Neither clinical relapses nor severe adverse events were reported in pwMS after each dose of vaccine.

Conclusions
The third booster dose of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to OCR- and FNG-treated pwMS revives the humoral response, independently of any clinical variable, and manifests a good safety and tolerability profile.
The walnut shell network: 3D visualisation of symplastic and apoplastic transport routes in sclerenchyma tissue
Authors: Antreich Sebastian J. , Huss Jessica C. , Xiao Nannan , Singh Adya , Gierlinger Notburga 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
High symplastic connectivity via pits was linked to the lignification of the developing walnut shell. With maturation, this network lessened, whereas apoplastic intercellular space remained and became relevant for shell drying.

Abstract
The shell of the walnut (Juglans regia) sclerifies within several weeks. This fast secondary cell wall thickening and lignification of the shell tissue might need metabolites from the supporting husk tissue. To reveal the transport capacity of the walnut shell tissue and its connection to the husk, we visualised the symplastic and apoplastic transport routes during shell development by serial block face-SEM and 3D reconstruction. We found an extensive network of pit channels connecting the cells within the shell tissue, but even more towards the husk tissue. Each pit channel ended in a pit field, which was occupied by multiple plasmodesmata passing through the middle lamella. During shell development, secondary cell wall formation progressed towards the interior of the cell, leaving active pit channels open. In contrast, pit channels, which had no plasmodesmata connection to a neighbouring cell, got filled by cellulose layers from the inner cell wall lamellae. A comparison with other nut species showed that an extended network during sclerification seemed to be linked to high cell wall lignification and that the connectivity between cells got reduced with maturation. In contrast, intercellular spaces between cells remained unchanged during the entire sclerification process, allowing air and water to flow through the walnut shell tissue when mature. The connectivity between inner tissue and environment was essential during shell drying in the last month of nut development to avoid mould formation. The findings highlight how connectivity and transport work in developing walnut shell tissue and how finally in the mature state these structures influence shell mechanics, permeability, conservation and germination.
Flexible endoscopy in the visualization of 3D-printed maxillary sinus and clinical application
Authors: Xu ZhengRong , Zhang Xin , Dou Xin , Lin ChuanYao , Wang HanDong , Song ShengHua , Yu ChenJie , Cui XinYan , Gao Xia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring postoperative follow-up, the visible range of maxillary sinus (MS) is limited, even combining 0° and 70° rigid endoscopes together. Flexible endoscope has been used in larynx examinations for a long time, but rarely in nasal cavity and sinus. We aimed to evaluate the application values of rigid and flexible endoscopes for visualization of MS.MethodsWe followed up 70 patients with lesions in MS via both rigid and flexible endoscopes. In addition, we used thin-slice CT image of the sinus to create a MS model and divided it into two parts for 3D printing. The inner surface of the 3D-printed sinus was marked with grid papers of the same size (5 mm × 5 mm), then the visual range under rigid endoscopes with different angle and flexible endoscopes was calculated and analyzed.ResultsIn clinical follow-up, we found that flexible endoscopy can reach where rigid endoscopy cannot, which is more sensitive than medical imaging. Endoscopes showed the largest observation range of the posterolateral wall, more than half of which can be visualized by 0° endoscope. Almost all of the posterolateral wall can be revealed under 45° endoscope, 70° endoscope and flexible endoscope. The visual range of each wall under flexible endoscope is generally greater than that under rigid endoscopes, especially of the anterior wall, medial wall and inferior wall.ConclusionThere was obviously overall advantage of using flexible endoscope in postoperative follow-up of MS lesions. Flexible endoscopy can expand the range of observation, and improve the early detection of the recurrent lesion. We recommend flexible endoscope as a routine application.Graphical abstract
Drivers of phenological changes in southern Europe
Authors: Vogel Johannes 
Published: July 2022

Abstract The life cycle of plants is largely determined by climate, which renders phenological responses to climate change a highly suitable bioindicator of climate change. Yet, it remains unclear, which are the key drivers of phenological patterns at certain life stages. Furthermore, the varying responses of species belonging to different plant functional types are not fully understood. In this study, the role of temperature and precipitation as environmental drivers of phenological changes in southern Europe is assessed. The trends of the phenophases leaf unfolding, flowering, fruiting, and senescence are quantified, and the corresponding main environmental drivers are identified. A clear trend towards an earlier onset of leaf unfolding, flowering, and fruiting is detected, while there is no clear pattern for senescence. In general, the advancement of leaf unfolding, flowering and fruiting is smaller for deciduous broadleaf trees in comparison to deciduous shrubs and crops. Many broadleaf trees are photoperiod-sensitive; therefore, their comparatively small phenological advancements are likely the effect of photoperiod counterbalancing the impact of increasing temperatures. While temperature is identified as the main driver of phenological changes, precipitation also plays a crucial role in determining the onset of leaf unfolding and flowering. Phenological phases advance under dry conditions, which can be linked to the lack of transpirational cooling leading to rising temperatures, which subsequently accelerate plant growth.
Spinal cord compression in thoracolumbar burst fractures: application of high-definition three-dimensional exoscope in minimally invasive lateral surgery
Authors: Giorgi Pietro Domenico , Pallotta Maria Ludovica , Legrenzi Simona , Nardi Michele , Andrea Manzoni , Schirò Giuseppe Rosario 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Study design
Spinal cord decompression in thoracolumbar burst fractures is challenging. Development of minimally invasive approaches and the improvement in new magnification technologies allowed a better and safer surgical treatment for these complex spinal injuries. We reported our experience in the minimally invasive surgical treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures with spinal cord compression supported by high-definition (HD) three-dimensional (3D) Video-assisted telescope operating monitor (VITOM) or exoscope.

Objectives
To assess the role and potential advantages of exoscope in the minimally invasive surgery of traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord compression comparing traditional magnification systems.

Setting
The study was conducted in a Northern Italy Spinal Trauma Center.

Methods
We reported 10 consecutive thoracolumbar (T11-L2) burst fractures associated with spinal cord compression treated with minimally invasive corpectomy and exoscope-assisted spinal decompression. Three main indicators were retrospectively analyzed: surgical time, blood loss, and intraoperative complications. The data were compared with those obtained from an equal sample of 10 procedures performed by the same surgeon with the same technique, but traditional microscope assisted. User impressions in terms of ergonomics, magnification, and image quality were rated differently.

Results
A small reduction of surgical time and blood loss were observed in the exoscope assisted group. There were no intraoperative complications attributed to visualization mode or conversion to the traditional microscope in any procedure. In our experience the exoscope allowed a better magnification and image definition with better ergonomics and user-friendliness.

Conclusions
In our preliminary experience the exoscope new technology is a safe and effective tool for spinal cord minimally invasive decompression in thoracolumbar burst fractures. The stereoscopic vision provided by 3D images seems to be crucial in hand eye coordination. There are clear advantages in terms of maneuverability, wide field of view, deep focus, and more comfortable posture for the spinal surgeon.
The WHO 2021 Classification of Central Nervous System tumours: a practical update on what neurosurgeons need to know—a minireview
Authors: Torp Sverre Helge , Solheim Ole , Skjulsvik Anne Jarstein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours, also known as WHO Blue Books, represents an international standardised tool in the diagnostic work-up of tumours. This classification system is under continuous revision, and progress in the molecular classification of tumours in the central nervous system (CNS) enforced an update of the WHO 2016 classification, and the fifth edition, WHO CNS5, was published in 2021. The aim of this minireview is to highlight important changes in this new edition relevant for the practicing neurosurgeon.

Methods
The sixth volume of the fifth edition of the WHO Blue Books of CNS tumours and related papers formed the basis for this minireview.

Results
Major changes encompass standardisation of tumour grading and nomenclature as well as increased incorporation of molecular markers in the classification of CNS tumours.

Conclusion
Advances in molecular genetics have resulted in more accurate diagnosis and prognosis of CNS tumours, and this minireview summarises important changes implemented in the last edition of WHO classification of CNS tumours important for the practicing neurosurgeon.
Prevalence of and factors associated with molar-incisor hypomineralisation in schoolchildren in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland
Authors: Grieshaber Andreina , Waltimo Tuomas , Haschemi Asin A. , Erb Judith , Steffen Richard , Bornstein Michael M. , Kulik Eva M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesAs prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralisation varies considerably in different countries and regions, the aim of this study was to obtain representative epidemiological data for schoolchildren living in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland.Material and methodsA representative population of schoolchildren of three different age groups, i.e. 1st grade (mean age: 7.4 years), 6th grade (mean age: 12.6 years), and 9th grade (mean age: 15.7 years) visiting compulsory schools in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, was examined. The presence or absence of molar-incisor hypomineralisation at time of examination was recorded as well as potential influencing factors such as age group, gender, nationality, or the children’s place of residence.ResultsA total of 1252 schoolchildren could be included. On average, the prevalence of MIH in the study population was 14.8%. No statistically significant differences were found for nationality, gender, or place of residence. Although not statistically significant, children from the youngest age group had the highest while children from the oldest age group had the lowest MIH prevalence.ConclusionWith a mean value of 14.8%, MIH prevalence among schoolchildren living in the canton of Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, is comparable to mean values recorded globally.Clinical relevanceThis study represents the first study on MIH prevalence in Switzerland and also provides further evidence on potential influencing factors.
Approval-based apportionment
Authors: Brill Markus , Gölz Paul , Peters Dominik , Schmidt-Kraepelin Ulrike , Wilker Kai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the apportionment problem, a fixed number of seats must be distributed among parties in proportion to the number of voters supporting each party. We study a generalization of this setting, in which voters can support multiple parties by casting approval ballots. This approval-based apportionment setting generalizes traditional apportionment and is a natural restriction of approval-based multiwinner elections, where approval ballots range over individual candidates instead of parties. Using techniques from both apportionment and multiwinner elections, we identify rules that generalize the D’Hondt apportionment method and that satisfy strong axioms which are generalizations of properties commonly studied in the apportionment literature. In fact, the rules we discuss provide representation guarantees that are currently out of reach in the general setting of multiwinner elections: First, we show that core-stable committees are guaranteed to exist and can be found in polynomial time. Second, we demonstrate that extended justified representation is compatible with committee monotonicity (also known as house monotonicity).
Anomaly detection in the context of long-term cloud resource usage planning
Authors: Nawrocki Piotr , Sus Wiktor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper describes a new approach to automatic long-term cloud resource usage planning with a novel hybrid anomaly detection mechanism. It analyzes existing anomaly detection solutions, possible improvements and the impact on the accuracy of resource usage planning. The proposed anomaly detection solution is an important part of the research, since it allows greater accuracy to be achieved in the long term. The proposed approach dynamically adjusts reservation plans in order to reduce the unnecessary load on resources and prevent the cloud from running out of them. The predictions are based on cloud analysis conducted using machine learning algorithms, which made it possible to reduce costs by about 50%. The solution was evaluated on real-life data from over 1700 virtual machines.