bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravascular lithotripsy in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the PROGRESS‐CTO registry
Authors: Kostantinis Spyridon , Simsek Bahadir , Karacsonyi Judit , Davies Rhian E. , Benton Stewart , Nicholson William , Rinfret Stephane , Jaber Wissam A. , Raj Leah , Sandesara Pratik B. , Alaswad Khaldoon , Basir Mir Babar , Megaly Michael , Khatri Jaikirshan J. , Young Laura D. , Jaffer Farouc A. , Abi Rafeh Nidal , Patel Mitul P. , Kerrigan Jimmy L. , Haddad Elias V. , Dattilo Phil , Sandoval Yader , Schimmel Daniel R. , Sheikh Abdul M. , ElGuindy Ahmed M. , Goktekin Omer , Mastrodemos Olga C. , Rangan Bavana V. , Burke M. Nicholas , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has received limited study.MethodsWe analyzed the baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 82 CTO PCIs that required IVL at 14 centers between 2020 and 2022.ResultsDuring the study period, IVL was used in 82 of 3301 (2.5%) CTO PCI procedures (0.4% in 2020 and 7% in 2022; p for trend < 0.001). Mean patient age was 69 ± 11 years and 79% were men. The prevalence of hypertension (95%), diabetes mellitus (62%), and prior PCI (61%) was high. The most common target vessel was the right coronary artery (54%), followed by the left circumflex (23%). The mean J‐CTO and PROGRESS‐CTO scores were 2.8 ± 1.1 and 1.3 ± 1.0, respectively. Antegrade wiring was the final successful crossing strategy in 65% and the retrograde approach was used in 22%. IVL was used in 10% of all heavily calcified lesions and 11% of all balloon undilatable lesions. The 3.5 mm lithotripsy balloon was the most commonly used balloon (28%). The mean number of pulses per lithotripsy run was 33 ± 32 and the median duration of lithotripsy was 80  (interquartile range: 40−103) seconds. Technical and procedural success was achieved in 77 (94%) and 74 (90%) cases, respectively. Two (2.4%) Ellis Class 2 perforations occurred after IVL use and were managed conservatively.ConclusionIVL is increasingly being used in CTO PCI with encouraging outcomes.
Application of AgPt Nanoshells in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Experimental and Theoretical Insights of Design Electrocatalysts over Methanol Crossover Effect
Authors: Rangel de Melo Rodrigues Makson , Machado Ferreira Rayse , dos Santos Pereira Fellipe , Anchieta e Silva Felipe , César Azevedo Silva Augusto , Aguilar Vitorino Hector , de Jesus Gomes Varela Júnior Jaldyr , Atsushi Tanaka Auro , Aurélio Suller Garcia Marco , Silva Rodrigues Thenner 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBased on theoretical simulations, the best design for obtaining AgPt nanostructures (nanoshells with hollow interior) was unraveled that could exhibit methanol tolerance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) that occurs during direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) operation. A theoretical investigation of Pt@Ag and Ag@Pt core‐shell nanoparticles and AgPt nanoshells′ interaction with oxygen and methanol revealed that the oxygen interaction is significantly more favorable on AgPt nanoshells′ surface, hindering the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) due to the random arrangement of Ag and Pt atoms. Experimentally, the nanoshells were prepared by a galvanic substitution and immobilized them onto silica, and the material was finely understood by associating electrochemical and physicochemical studies. Cyclic voltammetry showed the reduction and oxidation processes of the catalyst‘s species; however, XPS precisely showed that significant amounts of oxidized species were present (60.5 % of Ag0 and 39.5 % of Ag+, and 55.1 % of Pt0 and 44.9 % of Pt+2), which could affect the performance of the material. Indeed, the catalyst showed an excellent performance to ORR; the system yielded a 4‐electron ORR mechanism with just 1.0 wt.% Pt loading, with significant stability after 1000 runs. In addition, Koutecky‐Levich and Tafel plots assisted in understanding better the mechanism on the catalyst‘s surface, suggesting a first‐electron transfer for the rate‐determining step. Also, the catalyst resistance to the methanol crossover, theoretically simulated and predicted, was tested, showing remarkable tolerance for the alcohol up to a concentration of 2 M. Hence, a cathode catalyst with improved selectivity, low metal loading, high stability, and easy preparation was obtained.
Evaluation of TEMPO‐NH2 and Oxalate Oxidase Enzyme for Complete Ethylene Glycol Oxidation
Authors: Antonio Jesimiel Glaycon R. , Honorio Franco Jefferson , Zaghetto de Almeida Paula , de Lourdes Maria , Polizeli T. M. , Minteer Shelley D. , De Andrade Adalgisa R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study describes the development of an ethylene glycol (EG) biofuel cell that combines the organic catalyst 4‐amino‐TEMPO (TEMPO‐NH2) and the enzyme oxalate oxidase (OxOx) in solution for complete EG oxidation. Cyclic voltammetric curves recorded in the presence of EG showed that the hybrid TEMPO‐NH2/OxOx catalyst provided 1.2 higher current density than the TEMPO‐NH2 catalyst. Chronoamperometric assays after successive EG injections and long‐term electrolysis at a fixed potential of 0.75 V (vs Ag/AgCl) showed that the hybrid TEMPO‐NH2/OxOx catalyst in the presence of EG promoted 14 % and 58 % increase in the current obtained with the TEMPO‐NH2 catalyst, respectively. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results confirmed that TEMPO‐NH2 and OxOx respectively acted on EG oxidation and C−C bond cleavage, leading to complete EG oxidation, harvesting all 10 of the EG electrons and high catalytic activity.
Determination of metal contents in aromatic herbs and spices from Algeria: Chemometric approach
Authors: Kachbi Abdelmalek , Arezoug Djoumad , Kara‐Abdelfettah Dalila , Benamor Mohamed , Senhadji‐Kebiche Ounissa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTrace metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Sr, and Zn) in acid digests of some aromatic herbs and spices (basil, fennel, laurel, mint, oregano, rosemary, thyme, black pepper, cinnamon, coriander, and cumin) were determined quantitatively using ICP‐AES method. The highest concentrations (μg g−1 dry matter) of each of the 11 investigated metals were found as follows: As (0.42) and Pb (1.6) in rosemary samples; Cd (0.1) in basil; Co (0.62), Cu (12.13), and Zn (52.26) in oregano; Cr (2.95) and Mg (3110) in fennel, Fe (494) and Ni (7.61) in cumin; Mn (192) in black pepper; and finally Sr (60.68) in mint. Some chemometric techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) were used on metallic concentrations data in an attempt to classify these aromatic herbs and spices. The unsupervised pattern recognition PCA and HCA models gave the same result about similarities and differences between the studied plant samples, and five clusters of similar aromatic herbs and spices samples were formed. In order to verify the results of this clustering, we used a supervised pattern recognition method called partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA). Classes were groups or clusters of similar plants obtained previously. A hierarchical model builder (HMB) based on four PLS‐DA models was used to simultaneous determination of the class of each sample. It was found that all samples were correctly classified by PLS‐DA in their original groups as determined by PCA and HCA.
Iron controls T helper cell pathogenicity by promoting glucose metabolism in autoimmune myopathy
Authors: Lai Yimei , Zhao Siyuan , Chen Binfeng , Huang Yuefang , Guo Chaohuan , Li Mengyuan , Ye Baokui , Wang Shuyi , Zhang Hui , Yang Niansheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundT helper cells in patients with autoimmune disease of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are characterized with the proinflammatory phenotypes. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown.MethodsRNA sequencing was performed for differential expression genes. Gene expression in CD4+ T‐cells was confirmed by quantitative real‐time PCR. CD4+ T‐cells from IIM patients or healthy controls were evaluated for metabolic activities by Seahorse assay. Glucose uptake, T‐cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated and measured by flow cytometry. Human CD4+ T‐cells treated with iron chelators or Pfkfb4 siRNA were measured for glucose metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. Signalling pathway activation was evaluated by western blot and flow cytometry. Mouse model of experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) were induced and treated with iron chelator or rapamycin. CD4+ T‐cell differentiation and muscle inflammation in the EAM mice were evaluated.ResultsRNA‐sequencing analysis revealed that iron was involved with glucose metabolism and CD4+ T‐cell differentiation. IIM patient‐derived CD4+ T‐cells showed enhanced glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration, which was inhibited by iron chelation. CD4+ T‐cells from patients with IIM was proinflammatory and iron chelation suppressed the differentiation of interferon gamma (IFNγ)‐ and interleukin (IL)‐17A‐producing CD4+ T‐cells, which resulted in an increased percentage of regulatory T (Treg) cells. Mechanistically, iron promoted glucose metabolism by an upregulation of PFKFB4 through AKT‐mTOR signalling pathway. Notably, the knockdown of Pfkfb4 decreased glucose influx and thus suppressed the differentiation of IFNγ‐ and IL‐17A‐producing CD4+ T‐cells. In vivo, iron chelation inhibited mTOR signalling pathway and reduced PFKFB4 expression in CD4+ T‐cells, resulting in reduced proinflammatory IFNγ‐ and IL‐17A‐producing CD4+ T‐cells and increased Foxp3+ Treg cells, leading to ameliorated muscle inflammation.ConclusionsIron directs CD4+ T‐cells into a proinflammatory phenotype by enhancing glucose metabolism. Therapeutic targeting of iron metabolism should have the potential to normalize glucose metabolism in CD4+ T‐cells and reverse their proinflammatory phenotype in IIM.
Relationship between brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) eDNA concentration and angling data in structured wildlife areas
Authors: Gaudet‐Boulay Maxime , García‐Machado Erik , Laporte Martin , Yates Matthew , Bougas Bérénice , Hernandez Cécilia , Côté Guillaume , Gilbert Amélie , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccurate management of exploited fish populations is essential to ensure their long‐term sustainability. The use of eDNA as a tool for providing information on population relative abundance offers much potential although few examples in a fishery context have been documented. In this study, we collected 600 water samples from 30 lakes in Québec (Canada) to document the relationship between brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) angling data and their lake's eDNA concentration. Model selection with angling data and environmental parameters was used to find the best predictive model for eDNA concentration. We found a strong correlation between the average fish density from current and previous years (fish harvested/ha, adj. R2 = 0.76) with the mean eDNA concentration among lakes, supporting the growing trends in the literature. We observed very similar levels of correlation either when eDNA and angling data were from the same year or different years. We also found a pronounced inter‐year difference in lakes' eDNA quantity measured in 2019 and 2020. We hypothesize that the main drivers for this difference were inter‐seasonal variation including water temperature and associated variation in fish behavior. These results support the usefulness of eDNA as a quantitative tool for exploited fish populations.
Base‐Mediated C4‐Selective C−H‐Sulfonylation of Pyridine**
Authors: Friedrich Marius , Manolikakes Georg 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe direct regioselective C−H‐functionalization of simple, unfunctionalized pyridines is considered a long‐standing challenge in heterocyclic chemistry. Herein, we report a novel one‐pot protocol for the C4‐selective sulfonylation of pyridines via triflic anhydride (Tf2O) activation, base‐mediated addition of a sulfinic acid salt, and subsequent elimination/re‐aromatization. Contrary to previous approaches employing tailored blocking groups, positional selectivity can be controlled by usingN‐methylpiperidine as simple, readily available external base. This method offers a highly modular and streamlined access to C4‐sulfonylated pyridines.
Protein adsorption on a nanoparticle with a nanostructured surface
Authors: Canpolat Cetin , Tatlisoz Mehmet Melih 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the adsorption of a protein on a nanoparticle with a nanostructured surface, which is created using successively patterned Gaussian pillars (GPs), is simulated by considering the charge regulation within the electrical double layer of a silica nanoparticle (NP). Namely, the mathematical models for the adsorption mechanism, such as classical Langmuir model, extended Langmuir model, and two‐state model, are coupled with charge regulation model. By this means, size and pH variables are able to included to the calculations. Moreover, free space, surface curvature, and conformational changes are also taken into account. For systematic investigation, the solution's pH, surface charge density, initial protein concentration, electrostatic charge of the protein, and the diameter of the spherical NP are varied. As a result, the vital properties of a nanoparticle, such as protonation/deprotonation, polarization, topography, and morphology, are considered in the current simulations. The surface charge density and surface chemistry change with NP and GP sizes. The present results reveal that the protein adsorption on an NP with a smooth surface reaches a faster complete surface coverage than an NP with a nanostructured surface. Both states of conformational changes are also affected by the presence of the GP.
Differential role of neuronal glucose and PFKFB3 in memory formation during development
Authors: Cruz Emmanuel , Bessières Benjamin , Magistretti Pierre , Alberini Cristina M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe consumption of glucose in the brain peaks during late childhood; yet, whether and how glucose metabolism is differentially regulated in the brain during childhood compared to adulthood remains to be understood. In particular, it remains to be determined how glucose metabolism is involved in behavioral activations such as learning. Here we show that, compared to adult, the juvenile rat hippocampus has significantly higher mRNA levels of several glucose metabolism enzymes belonging to all glucose metabolism pathways, as well as higher levels of the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4 and the glucose transporters endothelial‐GLUT1 and GLUT3 proteins. Furthermore, relative to adults, long‐term episodic memory formation in juvenile animals requires significantly higher rates of aerobic glycolysis and astrocytic‐neuronal lactate coupling in the hippocampus. Only juvenile but not adult long‐term memory formation recruits GLUT3, neuronal 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) and more efficiently engages glucose in the hippocampus. Hence, compared to adult, the juvenile hippocampus distinctively regulates glucose metabolism pathways, and formation of long‐term memory in juveniles involves differential neuronal glucose metabolism mechanisms.
Extracellular S100B inhibits A‐type voltage‐gated potassium currents and increases L‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel activity in dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Bancroft Eric A. , De La Mora Martha , Pandey Gauri , Zarate Sara M. , Srinivasan Rahul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is associated with an increase in secreted S100B within the midbrain and cerebrospinal fluid. In addition, S100B overexpression in mice accelerates the loss of substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic (DA) neurons, suggesting a role for this protein in PD pathogenesis. We found that in the mouse SNc, S100B labeled astrocytic processes completely envelop the somata of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressing DA neurons only in male mice. These data suggest that an increase in S100B secretion by astrocytes within the midbrain could play a role in DA dysfunction during early PD. We therefore asked if acute exposure to extracellular S100B alters the activity of identified TH expressing DA neurons in primary mouse midbrain cultures. Acute exposure to 50 pM S100B specifically inhibited A‐type voltage‐gated potassium currents in TH+, but not TH− neurons. This was accompanied by ~2‐fold increases in the frequency of both intrinsic firing, as well as L‐type voltage‐gated calcium channel (VGCC)‐mediated calcium fluxes only in TH+ neurons. Further, exposure to 100 μM 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP), an A‐type voltage‐gated potassium channel inhibitor, mimicked the S100B mediated increase in intrinsic firing and L‐type VGCC‐mediated calcium fluxes in TH+ neurons. Taken together, our finding that extracellular S100B alters the activity of native DA neurons via an inhibition of A‐type voltage‐gated potassium channels has important implications for understanding the pathophysiology of early PD.
Recurrence risk stratification and treatment strategies of patients with stage IVa‐b hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Heng Yu , Xu Chengzhi , Lin Hanqing , Zhu Xiaoke , Zhou Liang , Zhang Ming , Li Ji , Tao Lei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundOptimal treatment strategies for patients with stage IVa‐b hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) remain controversial. This study aimed to examine the high‐risk factors of postoperative tumor recurrence after surgical resection of HSCC and devise individualized postoperative adjuvant treatment (POAT).MethodsOverall, 218 patients with stage IVa‐b HSCC who received surgery as initial treatment and with negative surgical margins were evaluated. Independent risk factors of recurrence were identified, and survival outcomes were compared according to recurrence risk and POAT use.ResultsPOAT significantly improved recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) only in the high‐risk patients (p = 0.003 and 0.018, respectively). Compared with postoperative radiotherapy alone, postoperative chemoradiotherapy (pCRT) achieved significantly better RFS (p = 0.035) and OS (p = 0.048).ConclusionsPOATs are recommended for high‐risk patients with stage Iva‐b HSCC, with pCRT achieving superior outcomes. Regular re‐examination after tumor resection is sufficient for low‐risk patients.
Combined taxane, platinum, and cetuximab as a first‐line treatment for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Retrospective study
Authors: Liu Yizhen , Xue Liqiong , Xia Zuguang , Zhang Qunling , Guo Ye 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence supporting the use of taxane‐based chemotherapy combined with cetuximab to treat recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). This retrospective study aimed to explore treatment efficacy and safety in a first‐line setting.MethodsFifty‐nine patients received ≤6 cycles of combined cetuximab, platinum compounds, and taxane (median follow‐up, 352 days). Kaplan–Meier survival curves were constructed.ResultsThe median patient age was 54 years (23–75 years; 50 males and 9 females). The most common distant metastatic site was the lung. Patients received ≥2 cycles chemotherapy (33 [55.9%] received cetuximab, paclitaxel, and carboplatin; 21 [35.5%] received cetuximab maintenance; median progression‐free survival, 7 months; overall survival, 12 months). The most common hematological toxicity was Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, which was successfully managed through growth‐stimulating factors and dose modifications. No treatment‐associated deaths occurred.ConclusionsCombined cetuximab, platinum, and taxane is effective and tolerable in R/M HNSCC.
Developmental psychologists should adopt citizen science to improve generalization and reproducibility
Authors: Li Wei , Germine Laura Thi , Mehr Samuel A. , Srinivasan Mahesh , Hartshorne Joshua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWidespread failures of replication and generalization are, ironically, a scientific triumph, in that they confirm the fundamental metascientific theory that underlies our field. Generalizable and replicable findings require testing large numbers of subjects from a wide range of demographics with a large, randomly‐sampled stimulus set, and using a variety of experimental parameters. Because few studies accomplish any of this, meta‐scientists predict that findings will frequently fail to replicate or generalize. We argue that to be more robust and replicable, developmental psychology needs to find a mechanism for collecting data at a greater scale and from more diverse populations. Luckily, this mechanism already exists as follows: Citizen science, in which large numbers of uncompensated volunteers provide data. While best‐known for its contributions to astronomy and ecology, citizen science has also produced major findings in neuroscience and psychology, and increasingly in developmental psychology. We provide examples, address practical challenges, discuss limitations, and compare to other methods of obtaining large datasets. Ultimately, we argue that the range of studies where it makes sense *not* to use citizen science is steadily dwindling.
Using population health‐based strategies to optimize use of direct‐acting oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nigro Stefanie C. , Boemio Nicholas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionPharmacists deploy a variety of population‐health strategies to identify needs related to pharmacotherapy. One area that deserves closer attention is medication management in atrial fibrillation (AF) since managing stroke prevention in older adults with AF requires delicately balancing the risk of thrombosis with the risk of bleeding.Objective(s)Evaluate direct‐acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) prescribing trends and explore strategies for mitigating gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) risk in older adults prescribed a DOAC for stroke prevention in AF.MethodsA quality improvement project was conducted and included Managed‐Medicare patients from a single primary care organization prescribed a DOAC for AF. Pharmacists estimated risk of benefit and harm from the prescribed DOAC using established algorithms and patient characteristics documented in the medical record. They then forecasted the change in net clinical benefit if the prescribed DOAC was switched to a different DOAC.ResultsOverall, 200 patients met the inclusion criteria. Based on distribution of DOACs in the original study population, 52% of patients were in the definitive benefit group (benefit in reducing stroke risk outweigh risk of bleeding by 2‐fold or greater), with 37% and 10.5% in the leaning benefit (reduction in stroke risk was up to 2‐fold greater than bleeding risk) and leaning risk (bleeding risk was up to 2‐fold greater than stroke risk reduction) groups, respectively. Calculation of risk should the prescribed DOAC be changed from rivaroxaban to apixaban was estimated to improve the net clinical benefit and reduce the risk of a patient falling in a negative clinical benefit group when compared to rivaroxaban and the original study population, respectively; 92% (relative risk [RR] 0.08 [0.026‐0.277; P < 0.0001]) and 81% (RR 0.19 [0.067‐0.545; P = 0.0002]).ConclusionPopulation health‐based strategies centered on DOAC use in older adults can help identify prescribing trends and allow organizations to explore ways to mitigate risk of GIB. Preferential use of apixaban could reduce bleeding risk among older adults requiring anticoagulation for AF.