bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study on Risk Allocation for Different Procurement Type in Malaysian Industry
Authors: Zainudin Nurhuda Athira , Adnan Hamimah , Azrin Baharuddin Har Einur , Rosman Muhammad Redza , Wan Ismail Wan Norizan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Risk allocation is one of the important aspects in risk management. However, there is a tendency that risks in construction are being allocated to parties that are least able to resist taking on the risk rather than parties that are more capable to manage the risks. There are different types of procurement that led to different approaches in settling risk allocation between contracting parties. This paper aims to identify risk allocation for different procurement types in construction projects focusing on traditional, design-build and public-private partnership procurement. For this research, a quantitative method was used, where 354 sets of questionnaires were distributed to selected construction firms in Klang Valley. Ninety-two (92) sets of questionnaires were returned and analyzed and the respondents were asked to rate the probability of risk occurrence. The result indicated that the top ranked risk factors are ‘unstable government’, ‘delay in project approvals and permits’, ‘fluctuation of material cost’, ‘poorly written contract’ and ‘inadequate specification in contract’. The recommended risk allocation by respondent for each procurement is presented and found that client and contractor in Traditional procurement, the risks are allocate based on its nature of work. In Design-build, risk factors are mainly allocated to contractor. While in PPP, both contracting parties prefer the majority of the risk factors to be shared. The results of this research will assist practitioners in allocating risks to the party that most qualified to analyze, control, and manage these risks.
Understanding the Effect of Movement Control Order during Covid-19 Pandemic on Contractors
Authors: Ahmad Rashid Zul Zakiyuddin , Adnan Hamimah , Hanafi Hanizun , Ismail Noor Akmal Adillah , Mohamad Yusuwan Nor Azian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Series of Movement Control Order (MCO), also known as - Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) were issued by Malaysian government with the intention of flattening the spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. The series of MCO, though successfully flattened the curve of Covid-19 spread in the country, has affected all areas of life, including the construction industry. This paper aims to investigate the impacts as well as collisions of Covid-19 Pandemic and the handling of MCO effects from contractors’ perspectives. Representative from 2 major contractors association were interviewed. The method adopted was joint In-depth interview or paired interview and was conducted online. Data collected was coded and thematic analysis ensued. The findings exposed those various impacts were inflicted on the contractors namely financial, time and human resource because of Covid-19 and MCO. Several proposals namely introduce stimulus package and lunch new projects to get the economy running, legalize illegal foreign workers as immediate and short- term solution, and emphasizing new ways of construction, particularly by adopting the Industrialized Building System (IBS) and automated or digital construction were raised, to cushion the impact and sustain the industry in the long haul.
Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic to the Contractor Organizations in the Construction Industry.
Authors: Binti Sany Abdillah Nurul Haziqah Adilah , Isnaini Janipha Nurul Afida , Judi Siti Suhana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in late December 2019 has led to the closure of Wuhan, China, where the disease was first discovered and has spread to Malaysia in January 2020. The Malaysian Government’s initiative to limit people’s daily movement since March 2020 prevents the coronavirus from spreading even more as the virus can be transmitted through touch and air. The public health systems faced a burden; hence there is a need to flatten the curve of the COVID-19. However, due to the pandemic and the Movement Control Order (MCO) imposed by the Government, the construction industry has faced huge losses since all construction projects are put on hold for the people to prioritize more on their safety and health. Although delay issues commonly arise as an impact of a pandemic where force majeure is seen as an excusable risk that entitles contractors to time extensions, none of the parties can have monetary compensation to recover from the damages incurred due to the delay. Hence, this study focuses on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Malaysian contractors. A stratified random sampling method is to be used to provide practical means of enabling the data collection and for the research components to be carried out. 205 numbers of G7 Contractors in Klang Valley are the research participants. However only 63 feedbacks obtained which contributed to 30% response rates. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that there were five major impacts criteria faced by the contractors during pandemic. Therefore, the construction industry should be able to take preventive measures so that construction projects can still be executed whilst maintaining the well-being of all the parties involved during these uncertain times.
Financial Risk in managing Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Project
Authors: Ramli Nabila Huwaina , Adnan Hamimah , Azrin Baharuddin Har Einur , Bakhary Nor Azmi , Rashid Zul Zakiyuddin Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The implementation of Public Private Partnership (PPP) initiatives in Malaysia aims to improve the delivery of infrastructure facilities and services for the public sectors. However, there are failure in financial risk due to lack of financial risk control between Government and SPV. This paper aims to identify the financial risk in Public- Private Partnership (PPP) projects. The questionnaire was prepared in Google Form and sent at randomly 80 industry players experienced in PPP projects; however, only 66 questionnaires were answered with an 83 percent response rate. Based on the result and findings, most of the respondents are well experienced on financial risk management in the PPP projects. Risk management knowledge is essential in managing the financial risk on the PPP projects. In term of classification of financial risk, majority of the respondent agreed on the statement of construction cost overruns in PPP projects. It was found that risk analysis, identification and management to deal with uncertainty and unexpected event in term of scope, time, cost, and quality are proposed as the most agreed for financial risk management in PPP projects. The findings of this study may benefit practitioners to further improve financial risk in PPP and its source of financing towards successful PPP projects.
Green Cleaning as a Tool in Combating COVID-19: A Content Validity Study for Malaysian Healthcare Facilities
Authors: Kamaruddin A. , Zainol N.N. , Sulaiman M.A. , Sukereman A.S , Hashim H.A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Today’s healthcare industry continues to advance its efforts on cleaning and disinfecting while also effectively addressing COVID-19 and other harmful organisms. However, excessive exposure to hazardous cleaning and disinfecting products can itself endanger health. Many of the ingredients used in cleaning products could be very detrimental to the health of the cleaning workers, patients and the environment. Thus, green cleaning practice plays an important role in combating COVID-19 while protecting human health and environment. This study aims to determine the components of green cleaning for healthcare facilities in Malaysia and how green cleaning contributes to human health and prevent common environmental consequences of conventional cleaning practices. A content validity study was conducted which involves eight panels of green cleaning experts. This paper is anticipated to provide an initial guideline as a basis for healthcare facilities in Malaysia in a structured way in practicing green cleaning during the pandemic.
Challenges in Privatization Development Projects under Local Government in Malaysia
Authors: Saron N.N.M. , Jaafar M.N. , Sukereman A.S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Malaysia’s development plan, privatization continued to be an important part of the overall strategy to enhance the role of the private sector in the country’s economic development. For several years, local governments in Malaysia had used privatization to expand facilities, which made local governments a significant player in the economic development of cities. However, studies had also shown that the privatization programmes among local governments in Malaysia are not entirely successful. Some of privatization development failed not achieving project goals. There are some criteria which lead the privatization into failure. The effectiveness of privatization requires efficiency and transparency in its implementation. Therefore, the study explores the challenges that have been studied in the development of privatization projects among local governments. By adopting a qualitative approach, the primary data are obtained using semi-structured interviews, where 16 respondents are selected using Purposive Stratified Sampling from five local authorities that actively implemented privatization in development projects. Thematic network analysis was adopted in analyzing the primary data. Finding transpired that there are eight critical challenges: political interferences, internal company problems, communication between parties, current financial situation, existing experts, compliance with prescribed conditions, land status issues, and objection and complaints from the community.
Experimental Form-finding: A review
Authors: Baroš T , Kabošová L , Baroš M , Katunský D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper deals with the review and categorization of form-finding techniques. Their utilization in architectural design, consisting of realized as well as theoretical concepts, is studied. Employing experiments, parametric and simulation-based designing, or artificial intelligence in the design process provides a platform for novel, architecturally unique, unexpected structures.
Life cycle assessment of residential buildings and scenarios for prolonged life span
Authors: Blichova Z , Vilcekova S , Kridlova Burdova E , Katunský D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study deals with determination of the share of building materials impacts in whole building life cycle considering longer life span. Our aim is to investigate differences between widely used 50-year life span compared to100 and 150 years. Purpose of this study is thinking about aging residential building fond in Slovakia and their future. It is needs to be said that highest peak in building development occurred between 1955 till 1983 when prefabricated residential buildings were mostly made. These buildings take almost 38% share of all buildings finished till 2020 and youngest of them are almost 40 years old in 2022. It is needed to re-evaluate 50-year life span in all cases. Based on this situation this work focuses on residential buildings located in Slovak republic. For the assessment One Click LCA software was used, boundaries were set for cradle to grave. The functional unit was chosen 1 m2 of the total floor area in duration of determined life span. Results are presented for modelled scenarios which investigates changes in global warming potential impact category.
Economic efficiency: yield on cost as core tool of benchmarking
Authors: Pagac S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to introduce and evaluate the yield of cost as tool of measurement and comparison in construction economy. Yield on cost evaluates the ratio of investment or development costs to project income over given period. Evaluation of effect time indexation and discount rates on comparative metrics is required. As result the base equation is proposed to use in comparing economic performance of peer project across development industry
Digital preservation of the Jesuitas Church in Valencia (Spain) using 3D laser scanning
Authors: Moreno-Puchalt J , Almerich-Chulia A , Laumain X 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The urgent need to improve the quality in the refurbishment of historical buildings has led to the adoption of many innovative technologies. 3D laser scanning is a non-destructive technique used in the study of architectural heritage. It consists of producing millions of accurate 3D points with a very high point density in a short time. To get the complete 3D model, multiple shots must be taken from different directions that provide data from all sides of the building. These scans are integrated into a common reference system so that through a process of aligning the information obtained in all the stations, a complete model is achieved in a single file. This model faithfully reproduces the current volume of the temple, including its deformations and collapses, and provides very precise information from which to make its geometric survey. The refurbishment project of the Jesuitas Church in Valencia (Spain) has been realized thanks to the help of 3D laser scanning carried out three times during the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. The results obtained have not only served to make a very precise graphic survey but have also been applied in the necessary structural calculation.
Corrosion Acceleration Test on Weathering Steel and Paint-coated Steel for Bridge Structural Members
Authors: Liu J , Ojima K , Jiang F , Hirohata M , Nakayama T , Sakamoto T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A new accelerated corrosion test authorized as ISO16539 Method B in 2013 has shown a good correlation with corrosion behavior in an actual corrosive atmospheric environment. This study aims to extend the application of this method to steel bridge members. The corrosion acceleration tests by the ISO 16539 Method B to weathering steel without anti-corrosive coating and paint-coated steel were conducted through 6 months of the test periods. A series of fundamental studies were conducted to clarify the characteristics of this test in the durability evaluation of the steel used for bridge structural members by comparing the results of the atmospheric exposure test. The accelerated test of 168 days produced the thickness reduction by 10 to 14 times larger than the exposure test of 365 days to the weathering steel. The blister area of the paint-coating as a measure of the paint degradation by the accelerated test was 11 to 14 times larger than the exposure test of 365 days to paint-coated steel. These results showed the effectiveness of the accelerated test by ISO16539 Method B to evaluate the degradation characteristics of the weathering steel and the paint-coated steel.
Green roofs on buildings – different view on its construction solution
Authors: Kováč M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The need of green in cities or the increase of its ratio is very requested in this time of global warming. Buildings in combination with traffic cause so called urban heat islands. The high surface temperature on the facade of buildings causes the increase of surrounding air temperature in the towns. This situation creates the discomfort for their citizens. Also we have to consider with higher operating costs for cooling systems in buildings. The solution how to help is the using of green architecture for each new building but also for reconstructed existing buildings. Green roofs and walls are not new and we have different construction solutions. But this article brings different view on the construction solution of green roofs. It should be the solution that can decrease the heat load of building. This proposed solution allows using the area of flat roof for installation of air handling units and their ducts. The design of space on the flat roof overarched by greens creates better conditions for the operations of air handling units during the hot summer days when the fresh air is sucked from the shaded space that is not overheated by solar radiation.
The impact of the exterior green wall on the summer regime in the building – energy simulation
Authors: Kováč M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The analysis is based on the results of computer simulation by using DesignBUILDER software. In the analysis is the multi dwelling house assessed. There are standard building constructions used like as the brick wall with polystyrene thermal insulation, Windows with plastic frame and double glazing and the flat roof with thermal insulation from polystyrene without the gravel layer. In this thermal simulation is considered with so called green walls, that are localized at eastern, southern, and western facade of the building. The light steel frame construction with the net from thin steel ropes creates the area for the climbing plants like a ivy. The function of the used green walls with climbing plants is to shade the external walls of the building in order to reduce the impact of solar radiation on the building facade during the hot summer days. We can these green walls in combination with external blinds consider like a effectively solution in order to reduce the energy consumption for cooling system in the building. By the way the used green walls help to reduce the air temperature surrounding the buildings and so they create the better town climate for their citizens.
Use of synthetic Fe3O4-rich tribofilms to investigate the effect of microconstituents, temperature and atmosphere on the friction coefficient during pin-on-disc tribotest
Authors: Rodrigues A C P , Feller A H , Jácome L Agudo , Azevedo C R F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This work investigates the effect of the tribotesting parameters (temperature, atmosphere, and third body chemical composition) on the coefficient of friction (CoF) during pin-on-disc dry (PoD) sliding tribotests using artificial third bodies. The third body comprised nanometric Fe3O4-based binary to quaternary chemical compositions containing copper, graphite, and zirconia. These mixtures were manually or ball-milled prepared, and pin-on-disc tribotests were conducted at 23 °C and 400 °C under air or nitrogen atmospheres. Combining PoD and artificial third body to create synthetic tribofilms might be useful for testing new formulations of Cu-free friction materials. Microstructural characterisation of the tribofilms was used to study the stability of the Fe3O4, copper, and graphite nanoparticles under different testing conditions to understand their effects on the CoF. For the Fe3O4-C-ZrO2-X systems, the ball milling mixing promoted the formation of turbostratic graphite in the tribofilm, impairing the lubricating effect of the graphite under air atmosphere at 23 °C. The formation of monoclinic CuO in the tribofilms during tribotests at 400 °C under air and N2 atmospheres promoted a lubricating effect.
Anisotropic laser-pulse-induced magnetization dynamics in van der Waals magnet Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Lichtenberg Tom , Schippers Casper F , van Kooten Sjoerd C P , Evers Stijn G F , Barcones Beatriz , Guimarães Marcos H D , Koopmans Bert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Femtosecond laser-pulse excitation provides an energy efficient and fast way to control magnetization at the nanoscale, providing great potential for ultrafast next-generation data manipulation and nonvolatile storage devices. Ferromagnetic van der Waals materials have garnered much attention over the past few years due to their low dimensionality, excellent magnetic properties, and large response to external stimuli. Nonetheless, their behaviour upon fs laser-pulse excitation remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the ultrafast magnetization dynamics of a thin flake of Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) and extract its intrinsic magnetic properties using a microscopic framework. We find that our data is well described by our modeling, with FGT undergoing a slow two-step demagnetization, and we experimentally extract the spin-relaxation timescale as a function of temperature, magnetic field and excitation fluence. Our observations indicate a large spin-flip probability in agreement with a theoretically expected large spin–orbit coupling, as well as a weak interlayer exchange coupling. The spin-flip probability is found to increase when the magnetization is pulled away from its quantization axis, opening doors to an external control over the spins in this material. Our results provide a deeper understanding of the dynamics van der Waals materials upon fs laser-pulse excitation, paving the way towards two-dimensional materials-based ultrafast spintronics.
A novel heart sound segmentation algorithm via multi-feature input and neural network with attention mechanism
Authors: Guo Yang , Yang Hongbo , Guo Tao , Pan Jiahua , Wang Weilian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective. Heart sound segmentation (HSS), which aims to identify the exact positions of the first heart sound(S1), second heart sound(S2), the duration of S1, systole, S2, and diastole within a cardiac cycle of phonocardiogram (PCG), is an indispensable step to find out heart health. Recently, some neural network-based methods for heart sound segmentation have shown good performance. Approach. In this paper, a novel method was proposed for HSS exactly using One-Dimensional Convolution and Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory neural network with Attention mechanism (C-LSTM-A) by incorporating the 0.5-order smooth Shannon entropy envelope and its instantaneous phase waveform (IPW), and third intrinsic mode function (IMF-3) of PCG signal to reduce the difficulty of neural network learning features. Main results. An average F1-score of 96.85 was achieved in the clinical research dataset (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital heart sound dataset) and an average F1-score of 95.68 was achieved in 2016 PhysioNet/CinC Challenge dataset using the novel method. Significance. The experimental results show that this method has advantages for normal PCG signals and common pathological PCG signals, and the segmented fundamental heart sound(S1, S2), systole, and diastole signal components are beneficial to the study of subsequent heart sound classification.
Research on dynamic characteristics of arc under electrode relative motion
Authors: DONG Keliang , WU Guangning , QIAN Pengyu , XU Zhilei , MA Yaguang , YANG Zefeng , GAO Guoqiang , WEI Wenfu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The relative motion of the electrodes is a typical feature of sliding electrical contact systems. The system fault caused by the arc is the key problem that restricts the service life of the sliding electrical contact system. In this paper, an arcing experimental platform that can accurately control the relative speed and distance of electrodes is built, and the influence of different electrode speeds and electrode distances on arc motion characteristics is explored. It is found that there are three different modes of arc root motion: single arc root motion mode, single and double arc roots alternating motion mode, and multiple arc roots motion mode. The physical process and influence mechanism of different arc root motion modes are further studied, and the corresponding relationship between arc root motion modes and electrode speed is revealed. In addition, to further explore the distribution characteristics of arc temperature and its influencing factors, an arc magnetohydrodynamic model under the relative motion of electrodes is established, and the variation law of arc temperature under the effect of different electrode speeds and electrode distances is summarized. Finally, the influence mechanism of electrode speed and electrode distance on arc temperature, arc root distance, and arc root speed is clarified. The research results enrich the research system of arc dynamic characteristics in the field of sliding electrical contact, and provide theoretical support for restraining arc erosion and improving the service life of the sliding electrical contact system.