bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic polymorphism in the tumour necrosis factor alpha gene (G‐308A) is associated with persistent apical periodontitis in Brazilians
Authors: de Castro Guilherme Assed Piedade , Petean Igor Bassi Ferreira , de Paula‐Silva Francisco Wanderley Garcia , Kuchler Erika Calvano , Antunes Leonardo dos Santos , Segato Raquel Assed Bezerra , da Silva Lea Assed Bezerra , Silva‐Sousa Alice Corrêa , Sousa‐Neto Manoel Damião 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate if there was an association between genetic polymorphisms in tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐⍺ and its receptors TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) in Brazilian subjects.MethodologyPatients who had pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis at the time of treatment, with at least 1‐year of follow‐up after non‐surgical root canal treatment were recalled. Three hundred and seventy eight subjects were included, 150 subjects with signs/symptoms of PAP and 228 subjects with root canal‐treated teeth exhibiting healthy perirradicular tissues (healed). Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and used for TNF‐⍺ (rs1800629), TNFRSF1A (rs1800693) and TNFRSF1B (rs1061622) genotyping by real‐time PCR. Genotypes and alleles frequencies were evaluated by c2 or Fisher's exact tests and odds ratios were implemented (α = 5%).ResultsThe genetic polymorphism in TNF‐α (rs1800629) was associated as a protective factor for the development of PAP (p < .05), once subjects who presented at least one allele A (AA+AG X GG), had a higher chance to lesion repair (p < .05). The polymorphisms rs1800693 and rs1061622 in TNF receptors (TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B, respectively) were not associated with the development of PAP (p > .05).ConclusionsThe observed results demonstrate that polymorphism in TNF‐α but not in its receptors is associated with PAP.
Skin fibrosis associated with keloid, scleroderma and Jorge Lobo's disease (lacaziosis): An immuno‐histochemical study
Authors: Tafuri Wagner Luiz , Tomokane Thaise Yumie , Silva Ana Maria Gonçalves , Kanashiro‐Galo Luciane , Mosser David Miichael , Quaresma Juarez Antonio Simões , Pagliari Carla , Sotto Mirian N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFibrosis is a common pathophysiological response of many tissues and organs subjected to chronic injury. Despite the diverse aetiology of keloid, lacaziosis and localized scleroderma, the process of fibrosis is present in the pathogenesis of all of these three entities beyond other individual clinical and histological distinct characteristics. Fibrosis was studied in 20 samples each of these three chronic cutaneous inflammatory diseases. An immunohistochemical study was carried out to explore the presence of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and vimentin cytoskeleton antigens, CD31, CD34, Ki67, p16; CD105, CD163, CD206 and FOXP3 antigens; and the central fibrotic cytokine TGF‐β. Higher expression of vimentin in comparison to α‐SMA in all three lesion types was found. CD31‐ and CD34‐positive blood vessel endothelial cells were observed throughout the reticular dermis. Ki67 expression was low and almost absent in scleroderma. p16‐positive levels were higher than ki67 and observed in reticular dermis of keloidal collagen in keloids, in collagen bundles in scleroderma and in the external layers of the granulomas in lacaziosis. The presence of α‐actin positive cells and rarely CD34 positive cells, observed primarily in keloids, may be related to higher p16 antigen expression, a measure of cell senescence. Low FOXP3 expression was observed in all lesion types. CD105‐positive cells were mainly found in perivascular tissue in close contact with the adventitia in keloids and scleroderma, while, in lacaziosis, these cells were chiefly observed in conjunction with collagen deposition in the external granuloma layer. We did not find high involvement of CD163 or CD206‐positive cells in the fibrotic process. TGF‐β was notable only in keloid and lacaziosis lesions. In conclusion, we have suggested vimentin to be the main myofibroblast general marker of the fibrotic process in all three studied diseases, while endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and M2 macrophages may not play an important role.
Single source precursor‐derived SiOC/TiOxCy as an anode component for Li‐ion batteries
Authors: Vendra SS Lokesh , Singh Gurpreet , Kumar Ravi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmorphous silicon oxycarbides are known to be an effective anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. Despite their exceptional properties and high charge capacities, however, their practical uses are limited by their significant first‐cycle loss, considerable hysteresis, and low cyclic ability. Comparatively, SiOC/metal oxide materials have demonstrated increased rate capability and cyclic stability. This study utilized a liquid precursor‐derived ceramic method to modify SiOC with titanium (IV) butoxide precursor to synthesize SiOC/TiOxCy. X‐ray diffractograms confirmed the amorphous nature of SiOC/TiOxCy. The elemental composition and bonding properties were investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electron microscopy was used to explore morphological features. In the first cycle, the reversible capacity of pyrolyzed SiOC/TiOxCy was 520 mAh g−1, which then increased to 736 mAh g−1 for the 1200°C annealed SiOC/TiOxCy due to the increased free carbon network and TiC conductive phases. The irreversible capacity of the first cycle was 568 mAh g−1, which was lower than the annealed SiOC irreversible capacity of 695 mAh g−1. Interestingly, the rate stability of the pyrolyzed SiOC/TiOxCy performed more stability than the annealed sample. Localized carbothermal reactions between amorphous SiOC/TiOxCy and free carbon at annealing temperatures resulted in loss of structure stability.
Emojis to conversion on social media
Authors: Mladenović Dušan , Koštiál Kamil , Ljepava Nikolina , Částek Ondřej , Chawla Yash 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEmojis have become popular in online marketing communications. Marketers use emojis to humanize brand voice and elicit an emotional response from target audiences. However, little is known about how emojis are perceived and what kind of reactions they evoke. Therefore, this study aims to verify whether exposure to emojis leads to an increased intention to purchase and whether the use of emojis impacts campaign effectiveness in a real‐life environment. In a theory build‐up process, we draw upon the Dual Coding Theory and emotional contagion concept and develop seven hypotheses. We performed two data collection studies to test the hypothesized relations. The first study is based on a questionnaire (N = 318), while the second is based on experimental design in a real‐life business environment. Surprisingly, we found that using emojis had a negative effect on purchase intention, while the effect was positive when mediated by positive affect. Emojis increased the effectiveness of marketing campaigns for hedonic products and strongly impacted the return on advertising spent. The findings of this study have both theoretical and practical implications in the observed domains, particularly about the type of products emojis are most effective in promoting, gender differences, and real‐life consumer behaviour. This is the first study to use an experimental design in a real‐life scenario to capture the role of emojis on campaign effectiveness and decipher the differences between genders and their perceptions of emojis. Theoretical and practical implications together with future prospects are discussed.
African American race is a risk factor for severe hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Ulschmid Caden , Serrano Linda , Wu Ruizhe , Roth Gretchen M. , Sokumbi Olayemi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAfrican Americans face a disproportionate incidence and prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) in the United States, but HS severity and outcomes across racial and ethnic groups have not been well‐established while controlling for potentially confounding factors. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated the associations of race and ethnicity with HS severity, emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and surgeries for HS while controlling for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), tobacco use, and insurance type.MethodsWe reviewed 1190 patients seen at the Medical College of Wisconsin with ≥3 encounters for HS between 1/1/2002 and 3/19/2019, excluding those without race data or an encounter in which HS was treated.ResultsA total of 953 patients were included; 470 patients were Black or African American non‐Hispanic (49%), 39 Hispanic (4%), 418 White non‐Hispanic (44%), and 26 other race or ethnicity (3%). Controlling for age, sex, BMI, tobacco use, and insurance type, Black patients had 2.8 times the odds of having Hurley stage III disease (95% CI 1.76–4.45, P < 0.001), 2.86 times the risk for experiencing an ED visit for HS (95% CI 2.12–3.88, P < 0.001), 2.25 times the risk for experiencing a hospitalization for HS (95% CI 1.42–3.56, P < 0.001), and 1.61 times the risk for experiencing a surgical encounter for HS (95% CI 1.34–1.95, P < 0.001) when compared to White patients.ConclusionsAfrican Americans face significant disparities in HS severity, ED visits, hospitalizations, and surgeries. The causes of these disparities must be further investigated and addressed.
Effects of citrus fibre and soybean protein isolate on heat‐induced pork myofibrillar protein gel properties under low‐sodium salt conditions
Authors: Shi Yuxuan , Zang Mingwu , Wang Shouwei , Zhao Bing , Xu Chenchen , Bai Jing , Zhao Yan , Qiao Xiaoling , Wu Jiajia 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of citrus fibre (CF) and soy protein isolate (SPI) on pork myofibrillar protein (MP) gel properties under low‐sodium salt conditions during the heating process. The composite (with CF and SPI) and single (with 1% and 2% NaCl) MP gels properties were evaluated by colour, water holding capacity (WHC), gel strength, rheological properties, microstructure, secondary structure, and water state. The addition of 0.45% CF and 1.5% SPI significantly improved WHC and gel strength, as well as increased the values of G′ and G′′ (P < 0.05). The microstructure indicated that the CF/SPI could decrease the water channels and form a denser structure through filling effects, which was also proved by the fastT21relaxation time. However, the addition of 0.9% CF and 3.0% SPI could inhibit the protein aggregation and disrupt the stable and homogeneous structure. The analysis of the secondary structure showed that the CF/SPI resulted in a lower α‐helix content and a higher β‐sheet content compared with MP gels. This study may provide some guidance for the use of CF/SPI to improve MP gel properties in low‐salt meat products.
By‐product of raspberry juice as a functional ingredient: effects on the properties and qualitative characteristics of enriched pasta
Authors: De Santis Diana , Ferri Serena , Rossi Alice , Frisoni Riccardo , Turchetti Giovanni 
Published: October 2022

SummaryRaspberry pomace, the main by‐product of the raspberry juice extraction process, consists mainly of raspberry peels and seeds, rich in polyphenols and fibres. The recovery of this waste by drying and fine grinding gives a powder suitable for many applications. This study aimed to assess the technical quality, functional properties, and consumer acceptability of five pasta samples produced by replacing durum wheat semolina (Triticum durum) with 3.70%, 5.61%, 7.69%, 9.88%, and 12.00% raspberry powder. The control sample was 100% hard semolina pasta. The cooked pasta (RP) with 7.69% raspberry powder replacement showed higher acceptability values, a slight decrease in hardness, compactness, and time of optimal cooking (OCT) than the control semolina pasta (CP). Furthermore, the “half of the maximum inhibitory concentration” (IC50), evaluated through the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic) acid (ABTS) tests, showed an increase of about twice the antioxidant activity compared to the semolina paste, both before and after cooking.
Physicochemical and gel properties of pumpkin seed protein: a comparative study
Authors: Zeng Lin , Wang Zhaojun , He Zhiyong , Zeng Maomao , Qin Fang , Chen Jie 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe physicochemical properties and heat‐induced gel properties of pumpkin seed protein isolates (PSPI) were explored and compared with soybean protein isolate (SPI) and pea protein isolates (PPI). These plant proteins were subjected to ultrasound, acid or alkaline treatment (pH 3 or 11). The content of amino acids and subunit composition were different in PSPI compared with SPI and PPI. Rheological and textural experiments showed that native PSPI had the highest gel strength among the three proteins. This was due to the high hydrophobicity of PSPI and the filling effect of insoluble particles in the protein solution. PSPI had a more pronounced improvement in gel properties after ultrasound or alkaline treatment compared with SPI and PPI, which was due to the increased surface hydrophobicity, increased solubility and reduced particle size of the proteins. The acid treatment induced insoluble aggregates increased the protein particle size, and decreased the protein solubility, resulting in a negative effect on the PSPI protein gel. Therefore, it can be concluded that PSPI has better heat‐induced gelation than SPI and PPI and can be used as a substitute for SPI and PPI in the food industry.
Mycobacterium potentiates protection from colorectal cancer by gut microbial alterations
Authors: Kim Yu‐Mi , Choi Jin‐Ouk , Cho Yong‐Joon , Hong Bong‐Ki , Shon Hoh‐Jeong , Kim Bum‐Joon , Park Joo‐Hong , Kim Wan‐Uk , Kim Donghyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNot only are many Mycobacteria pathogens, but they can act as strong non‐specific immunopotentiators, generating beneficial effects on the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, there has been no direct evidence of the effect of mycobacterial species on colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we showed that there may be a meaningful inverse correlation between the incidence of tuberculosis and CRC based on global statistics and that heat‐killed Mycobacterial tuberculosis and live Mycobacterium bovis (Bacillus Calmette–Guérin strain) could ameliorate CRC development. In particular, using a faecal microbiota transplantation and a comparison between separate housing and cohousing, we demonstrated that the gut microbiota is involved in the protective effects. The microbial alterations can be elucidated by the modulation of antimicrobial activities including those of the Reg3 family genes. Furthermore, interleukin‐22 production by T helper cells contributed to the anti‐inflammatory activity of Mycobacteria. Our results revealed a novel role of Mycobacteria involving gut microbial alterations in dampening inflammation‐associated CRC and an immunological mechanism underlying the interaction between microbes and host immunity.
MTAP deficiency contributes to immune landscape remodelling and tumour evasion
Authors: Chang Wen‐Hsin , Hsu Ssu‐Wei , Zhang Jun , Li Ji‐Min , Yang David D. , Chu Chih‐Wei , Yoo Estelle E. , Zhang Weici , Yu Sung‐Liang , Chen Ching‐Hsien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMethylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deficiency occurs in various malignancies and is associated with poor survival in cancer patients. However, the mechanisms underlying tumour progression due to MTAP loss are yet to be elucidated. Utilizing integrated analyses of the transcriptome, proteome and secretome, we demonstrated that MTAP deficiency alters tumour‐intrinsic, immune‐related pathways and reprograms cytokine profiles towards a tumour‐favourable environment. Additionally, MTAP‐knockout cells exhibited a marked increase in the immune checkpoint protein PD‐L1. Upon co‐culturing primary T cells with cancer cells, MTAP loss‐mediated PD‐L1 upregulation inhibited T cell‐mediated killing activity and induced several T cell exhaustion markers. In two xenograft tumour models, we showed a modest increase in average volume of tumours derived from MTAP‐deficient cells than that of MTAP‐proficient tumours. Surprisingly, a remarkable increase in tumour size was observed in humanized mice bearing MTAP‐deficient tumours, as compared to their MTAP‐expressing counterparts. Following immunophenotypic characterization of tumour‐infiltrating leukocytes by mass cytometry analysis, MTAP‐deficient tumours were found to display decreased immune infiltrates with lower proportions of both T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and higher proportions of immunosuppressive cells as compared to MTAP‐expressing tumour xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that MTAP deficiency restructures the tumour immune microenvironment, promoting tumour progression and immune evasion.
Unraveling the role of shell thickness and pore size on the mechanical properties of ceramic‐based macroporous structures
Authors: Gomez‐Gomez Alberto , Winhard Benedikt , Lilleodden Erica , Huber Norbert , Furlan Kaline P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMacroporous structures are of interest for several technological applications such as catalysis, sensors, filters, membranes, batteries, energy conversion devices, structural colors, and reflective thermal barrier coatings. Ceramic‐based inverse opal macroporous structures are especially interesting for high‐temperature applications. However, the interrelation between the structural parameters, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of such structures is not yet clarified. In this work, we analyzed the mechanical properties as well as the thermal stability of aluminum oxide inverse opal three‐dimensional macroporous structures with different macropore sizes and shell thicknesses produced by atomic layer deposition. Our results show that the structures’ thermal stability increased with increasing shell thickness and macropore size, however, their higher stability was not linked to their mechanical properties. To be able to explain this unexpected behavior, finite element modeling simulations were performed, showing that bending stresses became more pronounced with increasing shell thickness, potentially creating additional critical sites for crack initiation and consequent structural failure.
Stability trend, weak bonding, and magnetic properties of the Al‐ and Si‐containing ternary‐layered borides MAB phases
Authors: Qi Xinxin , He Xiaodong , Yin Weilong , Song Guangping , Zheng Yongting , Bai Yuelei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith first‐principles calculations, a global screening was conducted for the Al‐ and Si‐containing MAB phases by considering their stability, damage tolerance, and magnetic properties, of much interest, where these predicted results are in good agreement with the available experimental ones. By examining the thermodynamics competing with all the experimentally identified phases and lattice dynamics, 29 stable MAB phases are predicted in total. Moreover, the Si‐containing MAB phases are much fewer than the Al‐containing ones, except for the 512 phases. Using the “bond stiffness” model, the strongest covalent bonding is formed between B and M/B atoms while the weakest bonding is formed between M/B and A atoms. For most Al‐containing MAB phases except 512‐type, the ratio of bond stiffness of weakest M‐Al or Al‐Al bonds to the strongest M‐B bonds (kmin/kmax) falls into the range of 1/3–1/2, indicating their high damage tolerance. But this is not true for the Si‐containing ones, with the kmin/kmax greater than 1/2 and strong M‐Si bonds. Furthermore, all the Fe/Mn/Co‐containing MAB phases are screened to be magnetic, with the accurately estimated Curie temperature (TC) and magnetic moment, where Fe2AlB2 and Mn2AlB2 have TC around room temperature, contributing to the future design of magnetic MAB phases for potential applications, such as the magnetic refrigeration and two‐dimensional MBenes.
Climate disequilibrium of fishes along elevation and latitudinal gradients: Implications for climate tracking
Authors: Kirk Mark A. , Rahel Frank J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimDifferences in realized and fundamental thermal niches can reveal how temperature constrains species distributions. Because climate‐induced range shifts assume that temperature influences distribution limits (i.e. climate equilibrium assumption), understanding the factors that determine the realized thermal niche of species is critical for understanding their climate tracking abilities.LocationGlobal, and the Great Plains–Rocky Mountain region, U.S.A.TaxonMarine and freshwater fishes.MethodsThermal niches were evaluated for two scales: Globally (n = 95 species) andacross the Great Plains–Rocky Mountain region, U.S.A (n = 28 species). We used a combination of realized and fundamental cold limit, thermal niche data to investigate how fish species overfill or underfill their distribution limit along elevation and latitudinal gradients in the context of four hypotheses about dispersal and movement.ResultsFirst, freshwater species were not more likely than marine species to underfill their latitudinal cold‐edge limit, despite restricted dispersal in freshwater environments from biogeographic barriers. Second, biological traits of dispersal ability were not associated with patterns of overfilling or underfilling along latitudinal gradients, aside from migratory species being more likely to overfill their cold‐edge limits. Third, similar biological traits were not associated with freshwater fishes overfilling or underfilling their cold‐edge, elevation limit with respect to their cold‐edge latitudinal limit. Fourth, 78% of freshwater fish species (22 of 28) were observed underfilling their elevation limit relative to their latitudinal limit.Main conclusionsOur results reveal that the climate equilibrium assumption is not satisfied for half of marine and freshwater fishes along thermal‐spatial gradients and is largely unrelated to dispersal and movement. Freshwater fishes appear particularly limited in their distribution potential along elevation gradients, given the strong patterns of elevation underfilling.