bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Implementation and Adoption Potential of a Saliva-based Malaria Detection Technique in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Diaz John , Gusto Cody , McCoy Kaci , Silvert Colby , Bala Joseph A. , Atibu Joseph , Tshefu Antoinette , Mwandagalirwa Melchior , Dinglasan Rhoel R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The reliance on blood for thin and thick blood smear microscopy – using a relatively invasive procedure ­– has precluded the use of reliable diagnostic tests in non-clinical settings at the Point-of-Need (PON). To improve the capacity of non-blood-based rapid diagnostic tests to confirm subclinical infections and thereby identify and quantify the human reservoir at the PON, a cross-sectoral collaboration between university researchers and commercial partners produced an innovative, non-invasive saliva-based RDT capable of identifying novel, non-hrp2/3 parasite biomarkers. While this new Saliva-based Malaria Asymptomatic and Asexual Rapid Test (SMAART-1) shows increased detection sensitivity and precision potential by identifying a new P. falciparum protein marker (PSSP17), appraising its utility in the field – particularly with respect to its adoption potential with children and adults in high risk, endemic regions – is necessary to warrant its continued development.Methods: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the acceptability, usability, and adoption potential of the SMAART-1 at select PON sites in the Kinshasa Province. Teachers, community health workers, nurses, and laboratory technicians participated in data collection at three distinct community sites in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three data collection methods were utilized in this mixed methods study to provide an overarching performance and usability evaluation of the SMAART-1 at PON field sites: observation checklists of SMAART-1 implementation, focus group discussions, and surveys with local health care practitioners – particularly teachers and community health workers.Results: Findings indicate participants were interested in and supportive of the SMAART-1 protocol, with approximately 99% of the participants surveyed indicating that they either “agreed” or “strongly agreed” with the statement that they “would use the saliva-based malaria asymptomatic rapid test as part of a community malaria detection and treatment program.” Data also suggest that the protocol was broadly appealing for its testing sensitivity and ease of use.Conclusions: The SMAART-1 protocol’s clinically reliable results demonstrate a promising new level of sensitivity and precision for detecting parasite biomarkers. This study’s evaluation of the protocol’s utility and adoption potential in the field, with a target user audience, advances its development and points to opportunities to expand evaluation efforts.
Small Island Developing States threatened by rising seas even if 2oC warming goal is achieved
Authors: Vousdoukas Michalis , Athanasiou Panagiotis , Giardino Alessio , Mentaschi Lorenzo , Stocchino Alessandro , Kopp Robert , Feyen Luc 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Small Island Developing States (SIDS) have been long recognized as some of the planet’s most vulnerable areas to climate change, notably to rising sea levels and coastal extremes. They have been crucial in raising ambition to keep global warming to well below 2°C and advancing the difficult debate on loss and damage. Still, quantitative estimates of loss and damage for different mitigation targets are lacking. Here, we carry out a comprehensive assessment of future flood risk from slow onset sea level rise and episodic sea level extremes along coastlines of SIDS worldwide.
We show that by the end of this century absolute direct damages from coastal inundation will become more than 50-fold present damages for a high emissions scenario without adaptation, or 20 times as much when compared to the size of the economy. A scenario that keeps warming below 2°C could avoid a quarter to half of unmitigated damage, depending on the region. Achieving this climate target, however, would in most SIDS still inflict economic losses that correspond to considerable shares of their economy and result in forced migration from low-lying coastal zones. These results call for making important promises of the Paris Agreement on climate loss and damage become reality.
Risk factors for cholesterol polyps in the gallbladder: a multicenter retrospective case-control study
Authors: Bao Wenqing , Xu Anan , Yang Jing , Ni Shubin , Hu Guanglong , Tang Tianyu , Liu Qi , Xu Zhiying , Wang Bo , Zhang Kai , Zhang Bosen , Zhao Bin , Hu Hai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Gallbladder polyps are often found in clinical examination, of which cholesterol polyps (CPs) account for the vast majority. However, there is limited evidence-based guidance on the management of CPs patients. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for CPs formation and provide bases for optimizing treatment and prevention strategies.Methods: In this multicenter retrospective case-control study, patients with pathologically-proven CPs between September 2018 to June 2022 were included in the CPs group. The control group included age- and gender-matched subjects sonographically diagnosed without GPs or other gallbladder lesions, randomly selected from the health checkup center in a 1:1 (CPs: control) ratio. Clinical characteristics, ultrasound findings, and laboratory examination results were reviewed and compared between the two groups to determine the risk factors for CPs.Results: In total, 3110 patients who met the inclusion criteria were equally enrolled in CPs and the control groups. The mean age of CPs patients was 41.66±13.18 years, with the highest proportion in the 30-39 years group. On multivariate analysis, triacylglycerol ≥ 2.3mmol/L, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and fatty liver were significantly associated with CPs (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). There was no strong correlation between CPs and other parameters, such as body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and liver function.Conclusion: The morbidity of CPs displayed a younger trend and was closely associated with two types of dyslipidemia: decreased HDL and increased triacylglycerol. Moreover, fatty liver was found to be an independent risk factor for CPs.
Comparative study of supracervical hysterectomy between da Vinci SP® surgical system and conventional single-site laparoscopy for uterine fibroid: Single center experiences
Authors: Lee Juhun , Hong Dae Gy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to review the surgical outcomes of supracervical hysterectomy using the da Vinci SP® surgical system and conventional single-site laparoscopic surgery for uterine fibroids.
Materials and methods
This study included 79 patients who underwent supracervical hysterectomy with the da Vinci SP® surgical system and conventional single-site laparoscopy for uterine fibroid between June 2018 and April 2021. All the surgeries were performed by an experienced surgeon. Surgical outcomes and complications were reviewed in both groups.
Results
No significant difference was found between the two groups with regards to the patients’ preoperative surgical conditions such as weight of the uterus, history of pelvic surgery, and pelvic adhesion. A significantly longer operation time (p < 0.01) and higher levels of C-reactive protein (p < 0.01) were found in the robotic surgery group; in particular, the uterus-out time was significantly longer (p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in other surgical outcomes such as complication rates and hospital stays.
Conclusion
Supracervical hysterectomy using the da Vinci® SP surgical system is comparable to conventional single-site laparoscopy in uncomplicated cases. However, it requires a significantly longer operative time and has a higher inflammatory response.
The Coase Conjecture When the Monopolist and Customers Have Different Discount Rates
Authors: Groseclose Tim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the most famous and outstanding formalizations of the Coase Conjecture is that by Gul, Sonnenschein, & Wilson (1986). A peculiarity of their model—as well as nearly all other examinations of the Coase Conjecture, including that by Coase himself—is that it assumes that the monopolist and customers have the same discount rate. I reexamine their model, while relaxing this restriction. Gul, Sonnenschein, and Wilson show that, if the (common) discount rate of the monopolist and customers approaches one, then the Coase Conjecture follows. I show that one only needs the discount rate of the customers to approach one for this to be true. I also show a second result: If the customers’ discount rate is fixed at a value less than one while the monopolist’s discount rate approaches one, then the Coase Conjecture is guaranteed not to follow. (JEL: C7, C79, D7, D72)
The snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, displays body-wide exoskeletal resistance to the effects of long-term ocean acidification
Authors: Algayer Tait , Mahmoud Ahmed , Saksena Sanjana , Long W. Christopher , Swiney Katherine M. , Foy Robert J , Steffel Brittan V , Smith Kathryn E , Aronson Richard B , Dickinson Gary 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Structural and mechanical properties of the decapod exoskeleton affect foraging, defense, and locomotion, making the ability of decapods to maintain their calcified exoskeleton a crucial physiological process. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a threat to marine biomes and their inhabitants, particularly calcifying organisms. Vulnerability of the snow crab, Chionecetes opilio, a commercially important, high-latitude species, to OA has not been explored. Although all oceans are experiencing acidification, abiotic factors in high-latitude areas increase the rate of acidification. We examined the effect of long-term (2-year) exposure to decreased seawater pH (7.8 and 7.5) on exoskeletal properties in post-terminal-molt female C. opilio. Since the effects of OA vary among body regions in decapods, exoskeletal properties (microhardness, thickness, and elemental composition) were measured in five body regions: the carapace, both claws, and both third-walking legs. Overall, the C. opilio exoskeleton was robust to OA in all body regions. Decreased pH had no effect on microhardness or thickness of the exoskeleton, despite a slight (~6%) reduction in calcium content in crabs held at pH 7.5. In contrast, exoskeletal properties varied dramatically among body regions regardless of pH. The exoskeleton of the claws was harder, thicker, and contained more calcium but less magnesium than that of other body regions. Exoskeleton of the legs was thinner than that of other body regions and contained significantly greater levels of magnesium (~2.5 times higher than the claws). Maintenance of exoskeletal properties after long-term OA exposure in C. opilio suggests that wild populations may tolerate future ocean pH conditions.
Gravitational folding of surface tension regions originates bio quantum path duality that quantizes Newtonian rigid inertia into parameter trigonometric inversion topological bio inertia
Authors: Lai Yi Yu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Universal interaction reference systems in nature can’t avoid elastic inversion(memory). Newton established the parameter quantity-driving rigid reference system with zero system inversion. Bio-systems fall to another extremity that can only utilize inversion energy with almost zero rigidness. We define inversion energy as parameter-against-gravity-internal-fluctuation, write down modifications of Newtonian three Laws as, first law: 𝑑𝑑𝑥cosx =−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥, 𝑑𝑑𝑥sinx = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥; second law: 𝐹⃗=𝑚∙𝑎⃗ + |𝑚𝑔⃗∫𝑡𝑔𝜃⋅𝑑𝜃 ⟩↿⇂; third law: Wavelength = 2𝑛L, frequency = n𝑓0 . The Schrödinger equation has only quantized energy but still hasn’t quantized time thus inducing quantum collapse. We then conjugate inversion energy with quantizing time which composes of event inversion superposition to establish entropy-control lifespan for bio-systems. Originated from the gravitational folding of surface tension regions, bio quantum path duality fluctuation scales as macrocosmic elastic quantum ranges from a codon to the spinal size drives life evolution. The driving dynamics of biological functions including consciousness revive from the bio quantum path duality that modulates by the three modified laws.
The Influencing Factors of Self-evaluation in Adolescents: A Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Zhai Xiaobing , Jiang Can , Zeng Jing , Yang Mei , Zhou Feng , Cao Jinhong , Xiang Bing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Adolescents’ self-evaluation is an expressive form of their self-concept. Parental bonding, personality traits, and psychological status were the three main determining factors of adolescents’ self-evaluation; however, no study has tested the effects of the three variables simultaneously. We aimed to explore these effects by a systematic approach.
Methods
Data came from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The associations of parental bonding (measured by the Parental Bonding Instrument), personality traits (the Responsibility Scale), and psychological status (the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K6) with self-evaluation measured in three domains (the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Nowicki- Strickland Locus of Control Scale for children and the Self-Discipline Scale) were tested by the structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis.
Results
A total of 892 Chinese adolescents were included. Significant positive correlations were found among self-evaluation, parental bonding, personality traits, and psychological status. The overall (direct and indirect) effect of parental bonding on adolescents’ self-evaluation was 0.49. Personality traits and psychological status were directly associated with adolescents’ self-evaluation.
Conclusions
The use of SEM offered a detailed analysis of the correlations between parental bonding, personality traits, and psychological status and a systematic approach to investigate their direct and indirect effects on adolescents’ self-evaluation. The three factors directly associated with adolescents’ self-evaluation and parental bonding indirectly affected adolescents’ self-evaluation that was mediated by both personality traits and psychological status.
Effective phosphate removal from sewage water using zerovalent iron nanomaterial as an adsorbent
Authors: Som Ipsita , Suman Sourav , Roy Mouni , Gupta Srimanta , Saha Rajnarayan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In recent times, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles have attracted significant attention from researchers for their effectiveness in removing phosphates, a hazardous contaminant found in groundwater and surface water. nZVI possesses some excellent characteristics such as high reactivity, high surface area, and effective surface-to-volume ratio. In this study, nZVI was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The effect of variations in nZVI dosage, pH, ionic strength, and coexisting anions on the removal of phosphate from laboratory-based synthetic water was explored. A maximum phosphate removal efficiency of 96% was achieved at an initial phosphate concentration of 25 mg/L, an nZVI dosage of 560 mg/L, and a shaking rate of 500 rpm, and pH 2 was attained within 120 min. Kinetic and equilibrium studies revealed that the adsorption of phosphate follows a pseudo-2nd-order kinetic model and a Temkin isotherm model, respectively. A thermodynamic study confirmed that phosphate adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Finally, nZVI was proved to be stable up to five cycles. nZVI was further applied for the removal of phosphate from sewage water, which was collected from Saheb bandh, Purulia district of West Bengal, Eastern India.
Application of machine learning to groundwater spring potential mapping using averaging, bagging, and boosting techniques
Authors: Wei Aihua , Li Duo , Bai Xiaoli , Wang Rui , Fu Xiaogang , Yu Jieqing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Determining groundwater potential is vital for groundwater resource management. This study aims to present a comparative analysis of three widely used ensemble techniques (averaging, bagging, and boosting) in groundwater spring potential mapping. Firstly, 12 spring-related factors and a total of 79 groundwater spring locations were collected and used as the dataset. Secondly, three typical ensemble models were adopted to predict groundwater spring potential, namely, Bayesian model averaging (BMA), random forest (RF), and the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) and four statistical indexes (accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the root mean square error (RMSE)) were used to estimate the model's accuracy. The results indicate that the three models had a good predictive performance and that the AUC values of the GBDT, RF, and BMA were 0.88, 0.84, and 0.78, respectively. Furthermore, the GBDT had the best performance (accuracy = 0.89, sensitivity = 0.91, specificity = 0.87, and RMSE = 0.33) in terms of the four indexes, followed by RF (accuracy = 0.87, sensitivity = 0.91, specificity = 0.83, and RMSE = 0.36) and BMA (accuracy = 0.76, sensitivity = 0.87, specificity = 0.65, and RMSE = 0.49). This research can provide effective guidance for using ensemble models for mapping groundwater spring potential in the future.
Sampling patterns may influence the evaluation of irrigation uniformity of Center Pivot systems
Authors: Rodrigues Tambo Fidel Luís , Lima Luiz Antonio , Silveira Thebaldi Michael , Corrêa Flávia Vilela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The evaluation of irrigation uniformity can be affected by the sampling pattern in the field. Thus, this work aimed to compare the water application uniformities of a Center Pivot using three sampling patterns: along the equipment radius (radial), in the direction of movement of the pivot (circular) and in a two-dimensional way (meshed). For this, samplers were positioned under the spans of a Center Pivot system, being evaluated the effects of the sampling pattern and of the span, in a 3×3 statistical factorial design, with three replications. The results showed that circular and meshed arrangements were statistically equal and had higher values of Christiansen's and Distribution Uniformity Coefficients. The mesh type arrangement represented a more uniform distribution profile of irrigation depths on the surface. For areas of flat or slightly undulating topography and when using pressure regulating valves for the emitters, sampling in a radial pattern is sufficient, but for terrains with irregular topography or when pressure head variations along the lateral line are important for the operation of the emitters, the combination of the radial and circular pattern is interesting. The meshed sampling detects the stoppage effect of the towers and drift, however, in a reduced area.
Identifying the effects of environmental factors on benthic diatom assemblages in typical tributaries of Taizi River, northeast China using the CCA method
Authors: Chen Libin , Li Qing , Ye Hui , Li Jinrui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Rivers are one of the important sources of water supply and benthic diatoms are a crucial part of the river ecosystem. It is necessary to investigate the effects of environmental factors on river benthic diatoms. In this study, the benthic diatom assemblages, environment factors including physical–chemical factors, and altitude factors were intensively investigated in gradient tributaries of Taizi River, northeast China. The CCA method was used to explore the relationships between benthic diatom assemblages and environmental factors. The results demonstrated that the altitude, distance to river source, water temperature, TN, SS, average water depth, TP, and CODCr were the environmental factors that accounted for significant (P &lt; 0.05) portions of the total variance in species composition. These suggest that the diatom assemblage is a good indicator of environmental change, and it is not only sensitive to physical–chemical factors but also significantly sensitive to large-scale factors (e.g., altitude, distance to river source).
Evaluation of using a porous medium approach to simulate flat-sheet membrane bioreactors
Authors: Chen Danmei , Lakghomi Babak , Lawryshyn Yuri 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The porous medium approach has been applied by others to study the global hydrodynamics in hollow-fiber (HF) membrane bioreactors (MBR). This study explores the usability of the porous medium approach for flat-sheet (FS) MBR and introduces a CFD-based numerical calibration of the porous parameters. Two key modeling strategies are suggested to ensure the pressure prediction accuracy: (1) use SST turbulence model incorporated with an intermittency transition model (SSIT); (2) considerate two-phase flow during the calibration. The results showed that SSIT significantly improved the pressure prediction of the flow between two sheets. Also, unlike HF MBR, the gas phase was observed to be non-negligible during the calibration for FS MBR. The numerically calibrated porous parameters were then applied in a three-dimensional simplified model (SPM), where multiple membrane sheets were treated as one porous zone. The SPM was compared with a realistic model (RM), where all membrane sheets were simulated directly. A similar pressure distribution was observed in both models; however, local flow characteristics (i.e., the acceleration of the flow entering the module zone) were not reflected in the SPM. Hence, it is recommended to use the porous medium approach for global hydrodynamics investigation when the local flow characteristics are not of interest.
Utility of Fibrinogen Levels for Predicting Survival and Functional
Outcomes in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xu Juan , Sun Yimeng , Gong Dandan , Fan Yu 
Published: August 2022

Background and Objective:
Studies on the association between blood fibrinogen level and adverse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke have produced controversial results. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the association of elevated fibrinogen level with adverse outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Methods:
Two authors comprehensively searched the articles indexed in PubMed and Embase databases until December 31, 2021. All cohort studies that assessed the value of fibrinogen level in predicting poor functional outcome or all-cause mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients were included.

Results:
Nine studies reporting on ten articles involving 16,998 patients met the inclusion criteria. For the highest versus lowest fibrinogen group, the pooled adjusted risk ratio (RR) was 1.48 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.17–1.87) for poor functional outcome defined by the modified Rankin Scale ≥ 3. In addition, elevated fibrinogen was not significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (RR 1.76; 95% CI 1.42–2.20). Subgroup analysis suggested that there was no clear association between elevated fibrinogen level and PFO in younger acute ischemic stroke patients (RR 1.16; 95% CI 0.87–1.53).

Conclusion:
Elevated fibrinogen level at baseline is possibly an independent predictor of short-term poor functional outcome and long-term all-cause mortality, particularly in elderly acute ischemic stroke patients. Blood fibrinogen level may serve as a useful biomarker for risk classification of acute ischemic stroke patients.