bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Effects of Imidacloprid, Thiacloprid, and Clothianidin on the Growth and Development of Eisenia andrei
Authors: van Loon Sam , Vicente Victor B. , van Gestel Cornelis A. M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, the high toxicity of neonicotinoids to the survival and reproduction of adult earthworms has become apparent in standard 56-day toxicity tests. The persistence of some neonicotinoids and/or their repeated application may lead to long-term exposure, possibly also affecting other parts of the life cycle of earthworms. The present study aimed at providing insight into the sublethal effects of imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and clothianidin on juvenile Eisenia andrei exposed for 16 weeks in Lufa 2.2 soil. Significant effects on growth and maturation were observed for all compounds. Exposure to 0.125 mg imidacloprid/kg dry soil and 0.03125 and 0.0625 mg thiacloprid/kg dry soil significantly affected the growth of the earthworms, while significant maturation effects were observed at 0.03125 mg/kg dry soil for imidacloprid and thiacloprid and 0.25 mg clothianidin/kg dry soil. The 16-week no-observed-effect concentrations (NOECs) found in the present study were lower than previously reported NOECs for effects on earthworm reproduction. Predicted environmental concentrations after a single application exceeded the observed NOECs for effects on earthworm maturation in the case of imidacloprid and thiacloprid and for effects on earthworm growth in the case of thiacloprid and clothianidin. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1686–1695. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Harrington Claire , Krishnan Swathi , Mack Cara L. , Cravedi Paolo , Assis David N. , Levitsky Josh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare disease of unclear etiology characterized by loss of self‐tolerance that can lead to liver injury, cirrhosis, and acute liver failure. First‐line treatment consists of systemic corticosteroids, or budesonide, and azathioprine, to which most patients are initially responsive, although predictors of response are lacking. Relapses are very common, correlate with histological activity despite normal serum transaminases, and increase hepatic fibrosis. Furthermore, current regimens lead to adverse effects and reduced quality of life, whereas medication titration is imprecise. Biomarkers that can predict the clinical course of disease, identify patients at elevated risk for relapse, and improve monitoring and medication dosing beyond current practice would have high clinical value. Herein, we review novel candidate biomarkers in adult and pediatric AIH based on prespecified criteria, including gene expression profiles, proteins, metabolites, and immune cell phenotypes in different stages of AIH. We also discuss biomarkers relevant to AIH from other immune diseases. We conclude with proposed future directions in which biomarker implementation into clinical practice could lead to advances in personalized therapeutic management of AIH.
Label‐free analysis of inflammatory tissue remodeling in murine lung tissue based on multiphoton microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and machine learning
Authors: Kreiss Lucas , Ganzleben Ingo , Mühlberg Alexander , Ritter Paul , Schneidereit Dominik , Becker Christoph , Neurath Markus F. , Friedrich Oliver , Schürmann Sebastian , Waldner Maximilian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInflammatory fibrotic tissue remodeling can lead to severe morbidity. Histopathology grading requires extraction of biopsies and elaborate tissue processing. Label‐free optical technologies can provide diagnostic readout without preparation and artificial stainings and show potential for in vivo applications. Here, we present an integration of Raman spectroscopy (RS) and multiphoton microscopy for joint investigation of the bio‐chemical composition and morphological features related to cellular components and connective tissue. Both modalities show that collagen signatures were significantly increased in a murine fibrosis model. Furthermore, autofluorescence signatures assigned to immune cells show high correlation with disease severity. RS indicates increased levels of elastin and lipids. Further, we investigated the effect of joint data sets on prediction performance in machine learning models. Although binary classification did not benefit from adding more features, multi‐class classification was improved by integrated data sets.
A clinical illustration of short‐term mentalization‐based therapy for borderline personality disorder
Authors: Juul Sophie , Frandsen Frederik W. , Bo Hansen Sune , Sørensen Per , Bateman Anthony , Simonsen Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveMentalization‐based therapy (MBT) is an evidence‐supported, long‐term psychotherapy program developed to treat borderline personality disorder (BPD). A short‐term, 20‐week adaptation to the original MBT format including case formulation, psychoeducation, and group and individual therapy has recently been proposed. The current case material will illustrate how the recent adaptation to the mentalization‐based practice can enhance personality functioning using a short‐term format.MethodsCase material is presented to demonstrate the clinical application of short‐term MBT in the treatment of a young woman diagnosed with BPD who has a history of failed treatment attempts and who showed signs of affective dysregulation, unstable relationships, and intense abandonment anxiety.ResultsThe case illustration shows how short‐term MBT can facilitate improvement in personality functioning, specifically targeting situations in which the patient lost her temper and became overwhelmed by abandonment anxiety. By continuously employing therapeutic shifts toward greater autonomy and agency, and by maintaining a balanced empathetic therapeutic stance, the therapists were able to enhance the patients mentalizing and personality functioning.ConclusionsShort‐term MBT can be effectively implemented to enhance the mentalizing capacity and personality functioning in outpatients with BPD.
Eddy transport, wave–mean flow interaction, and Eddy forcing during the 2013 Uttarakhand extreme event in the reanalysis and S2S retrospective forecast data
Authors: Kalshetti Mahesh , Chattopadhyay Rajib , Hunt Kieran M. R. , Phani R. , Joseph Susmitha , Pattanaik D. R. , Sahai A. K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, to explore the wave–mean interaction during the monsoon season, we investigate (a) the potential role of transient eddy forcing and the wave–mean interaction on the monsoon weather during the June 2013 heavy rainfall event over the Himalayan regions (especially the Uttarakhand State of India and the nearby regions) and (b) how they are captured in a set of operational models. Some studies have pointed out how prolonged breaks can occur due to extratropical trough incursions. However, there is a lack of clarity on how transient eddy forcing associated with such interactions can lead to modulation of monsoonal circulation or whether such interaction can lead to heavy rainfall events. E‐vector fields are analysed to quantify the eddy forcing from extratropical transient eddies and the feedback mechanism between transient eddies and the mean flow during June 2013. Analysis reveals that along with local factors (orography, moisture convergence), the large‐scale heavy rainfall event over the Uttarakhand region during June 16–17, 2013 was influenced by eddy forcing due to the intrusion of extratropical Rossby waves over the Indian region. The location of eddy affects the location of regional occurrence of the eddy‐mean interaction. Model hindcast analysis results suggest that operational models cannot forecast the upper‐level eddy forced circulation patterns, and the improper representation of the E‐vector divergence field leads to the underestimation of intensity and the spatial pattern of rainfall.
An extended finite element method for coupled Darcy–Stokes problems
Authors: Cao Pei , Chen Jinru 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, we propose an extended finite element method to deal with coupled Darcy–Stokes problems with straight or curved interfaces. A mixed approximate form is presented based on Brezzi‐Douglas‐Marini finite element space and piecewise constant function space for Darcy equations, and a mixed approximate form is shown based on piecewise quadratic function space and piecewise constant function space for Stokes equations. By introducing some stabilization terms, we prove that the inf‐sup condition for the discrete coupled problem is valid. Moreover, the optimal convergence is derived. Finally, some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate our theoretical results.
Absence of NOTCH1 mutation and presence of CDKN2A deletion predict progression of esophageal lesions
Authors: Liu Mengfei , Liu Ying , Zhou Ren , Liu Zhen , Guo Chuanhai , Xu Ruiping , Li Fenglei , Liu Anxiang , Yang Haijun , Zhang Sanshen , Shen Lin , Duan Liping , Wu Qi , Zhao Meng , Su Hong , Liu Fangfang , Pan Yaqi , Cai Hong , He Zhonghu , Ke Yang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently, surveillance for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) runs a risk of underestimation of early lesions which show absence of iodine staining, with no or only mild histologic changes. The development of molecular markers that indicate risk of progression is thus warranted. We performed whole‐exome sequencing on biopsies from two sequential endoscopies of a single esophageal lesion and matching blood samples. There were 27 pairs of age‐, gender‐, pathologic stage‐, and sampling interval‐matched progressors and non‐progressors identified in a prospective community‐based ESCC screening trial. Putative molecular progression markers for ESCC were first evaluated by comparing somatic mutation, copy number alteration (CNA), and mutational signature information among progressors and non‐progressors. These markers were then validated with another 24 pairs of matched progressors and non‐progressors from the same population using gene alteration status identified by target sequencing and quantitative PCR. Progressors had more somatic mutation and CNA burden, as well as apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide‐like and age‐related signature weights compared with non‐progressors. A gene score consisting of somatic NOTCH1 mutation and CDKN2A deletion is predictive of risk of progression in lesions which show absence of iodine staining under endoscopy but have no or only mild dysplasia. This gene score was also validated in an external cohort of matched progressors and non‐progressors. Absence of NOTCH1 mutation and presence of CDKN2A deletion are markers of progression in squamous lesions of the esophagus. This gene score would be an ideal indicator for assisting the pathologist in the identification of high‐risk individuals who could be potentially 'missed' or subject to a risk underestimation by histologic analysis, and might improve the performance of ESCC surveillance. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Genetic spectrum of prenatally diagnosed skeletal dysplasias in a Finnish patient cohort
Authors: Rajala Katri , Kasanen Ellamaija , Toiviainen‐Salo Sanna , Valta Helena , Mäkitie Outi , Stefanovic Vedran , Tanner Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study aims to describe the genetic spectrum of fetal skeletal dysplasias detected in a Finnish patient cohort and the diagnostic yield of various analysis methods used.MethodA total of 121 pregnancies with prenatally suspected or diagnosed skeletal dysplasia were analyzed between 2013 and 2020. Clinical details and findings from genetic testing were collected.ResultsAbnormal ultrasound triggered further testing in most cases. However, there were several cases with increased nuchal translucency and/or abnormal risk ratio in the first trimester combined screening as the initial finding. Further genetic testing was performed in 84/121 (69.4%) cases. A genetic diagnosis was confirmed in 36/84 (42.9%) cases. Half of the identified cases could be attributed to a founder mutation specific to the Finnish Disease Heritage, whereas the other half consisted of a variety of other genetic defects.ConclusionIn our patient cohort, the overall genetic spectrum of prenatally diagnosed skeletal dysplasias was wide. However, the impact of Finnish founder mutations was considerable, suggesting that the genetic spectrum of skeletal dysplasias may differ significantly between populations. This should be taken into consideration during the diagnostic process especially as initial ultrasound findings may be unspecific and the interpretation of ultrasound features is usually difficult.
Systematic prediction of EMS‐induced mutations in a sorghum mutant population
Authors: Simons Jared M. , Herbert Tim C. , Kauffman Coleby , Batete Marc Y. , Simpson Andrew T. , Katsuki Yuka , Le Dong , Amundson Danielle , Buescher Elizabeth M. , Weil Clifford , Tuinstra Mitch , Addo‐Quaye Charles 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe precise detection of causal DNA mutations (deoxyribonucleic acid) is very crucial for forward genetic studies. Several sources of errors contribute to false‐positive detections by current variant‐calling algorithms, which impact associating phenotypes with genotypes. To improve the accuracy of mutation detection, we implemented a binning method for the accurate detection of likely ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)‐induced mutations in a sequenced mutant population. We also implemented a clustering algorithm for detecting likely false negatives with high accuracy. Sorghum bicolor is a very valuable crop species with tremendous potential for uncovering novel gene functions associated with highly desirable agronomical traits. We demonstrate the precision of the described approach in the detection of likely EMS‐induced mutations from the publicly available low‐cost sequencing of the M3 generation from 600 sorghum BTx623 mutants. The approach detected 3,274,606 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), of which 96% (3,141,908) were G/C to A/T DNA substitutions, as expected by EMS‐mutagenesis mode of action. We demonstrated the general applicability of the described method and showed a high concordance, 94% (3,074,759) SNPs overlap between SAMtools‐based and GATK‐based variant‐calling algorithms. Our clustering algorithm uncovered evidence for an additional 223,048 likely false‐negative shared EMS‐induced mutations. The final 3,497,654 SNPs represent an 87% increase in SNPs detected from the previous analysis of the mutant population, with an average of one SNP per 125 kb in the sorghum genome. Annotation of the final SNPs revealed 10,263 high‐impact and 136,639 moderate‐impact SNPs, including 7217 stop‐gained mutations, which averages 12 stop‐gained mutations per mutant, and four high‐ or medium‐impact SNPs per sorghum gene. We have implemented a public search database for this new genetic resource of 30,285 distinct sorghum genes containing medium‐ or high‐impact EMS‐induced mutations. Seedstock for a select 486 of the 600 described mutants are publicly available in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) database.
Preparation and properties of self‐healable solid‐state polymer electrolytes based on covalent adaptive networks enabled by disulfide bond
Authors: Sun Shiqi , Wu Tongfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCovalent adaptive networks (CANs) have numbers of versatile abilities derived from topological reshuffling with interesting potentials. Here, self‐healable solid‐state polymer electrolytes were developed by integrating epoxy‐resin‐based CANs enabled by disulfide bond with a solid lithium salt (LiTFSI). The disulfide bond was introduced by using a disulfide‐containing aliphatic polyamine as the epoxy‐curing agent. To determine the cure cycle of this epoxy‐resin system, the curing kinetics in the presence of LiTFSI was studied by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry. The prepared ion‐conducting (IC) CANs with different LiTFSI content were optically transparent and self‐healable at temperatures above glass transition temperature (Tg). The effect of LiTFSI content on the thermal stability and tensile properties was investigated. The electrical properties of the IC CANs were studied by impedance spectroscopy at various temperatures. Their ionic conductivity was analyzed by the Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher model and equivalent‐circuit fitting. Due to the high mobility of charge carriers, the IC CAN sample (containing15 wt% LiTFSI) exhibited the best ionic conductivity, which reached a value of 3.35 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 8.31 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 100 °C, presenting great attraction for self‐healing iontronics.
Steel fiber reinforced concrete tensile testing with eliminated lateral wall effect
Authors: Look Katharina , Mark Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA test rig and a novel experimental procedure are introduced and qualified to obtain realistic tensile strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete specimen with supercritical fiber contents from direct tensile tests. To eliminate the wall effect an optimal shape is found employing the method of tension triangles that ensures uniformly distributed stresses throughout. By water jet cutting an initially rectangular casted specimen is tapered at the center. The resulting bone‐shaped specimen replicates the true manufacturing conditions of the component regarding fiber distribution and orientation. Accuracy of load introduction and surface quality are monitored tracking eccentricities and slip. Both are found strictly limited and without impact on the maximum experimental residual tensile strength of 2.87 MPa on average with a low scatter of 15%. Employing flexural bending tests from the same concrete batch, a conversion factor to the direct tensile test of β = 0.38 was found for the first time.
Bootstrability in defect CFT: integrated correlators and sharper bounds
Authors: Cavaglià Andrea , Gromov Nikolay , Julius Julius , Preti Michelangelo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We continue to develop Bootstrability — a method merging Integrability and Conformal Bootstrap to extract CFT data in integrable conformal gauge theories such as $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM. In this paper, we consider the 1D defect CFT defined on a $$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

-BPS Wilson line in the theory, whose non-perturbative spectrum is governed by the Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC). In addition, we use that the deformed setup of a cusped Wilson line is also controlled by the QSC. In terms of the defect CFT, this translates into two nontrivial relations connecting integrated 4-point correlators to cusp spectral data, such as the Bremsstrahlung and Curvature functions — known analytically from the QSC. Combining these new constraints and the spectrum of the 10 lowest-lying states with the Numerical Conformal Bootstrap, we obtain very sharp rigorous numerical bounds for the structure constant of the first non-protected state, giving this observable with seven digits precision for the ’t Hooft coupling in the intermediate coupling region $$ \frac{\sqrt{\lambda }}{4\pi}\sim 1 $$

λ

4
π

~
1
, with the error decreasing quickly at large ’t Hooft coupling. Furthermore, for the same structure constant we obtain a 4-loop analytic result at weak coupling. We also present results for excited states.
Turbopropellerlappen zur Rekonstruktion eines Ellenbogendefektes in Regionalanästhesie
Authors: Ring Andrej , Bauer Martin , Dellmann Niklas-Chris , Bushart Sebastian Ulrich , Witt Mathias 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungEine alternative Methode zur plastischen Defektdeckung am Ellenbogen wird vorgestellt. Verwendet wurde ein perforatorbasierter, retrograd gestielter Propellerlappen vom lateralen Oberarm mit additiver mikrovaskulärer „Turbo“-Anastomosierung an die A. und V. radialis. Die Turbolappenplastik wurde in Regionalanästhesie durchgeführt.
MRT-Befundung hirneigener Tumoren
Authors: Huckhagel Torge , Riedel Christian 
Published: May 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Eine strukturierte MRT-Befundung unter Verwendung konsensbasierter inhaltlicher Kategorien hat das Potenzial, die interdisziplinäre Kommunikation in der Neuroonkologie zu verbessern. Ziel dieser Studie war es daher, mittels einer bundesweiten Befragung von Mitgliedern medizinischer Fachgesellschaften mit neuroonkologischem Bezug die wesentlichen Befundungskategorien der Bildgebung hirneigener Tumoren aus klinischer Perspektive zu ermitteln.

Material und Methoden
Auf der Basis eines interdisziplinär entwickelten Katalogs von MRT-Befundungselementen wurde ein Online-Fragebogen erstellt. Im Anschluss wurden fachärztliche Mitglieder der Deutschen Gesellschaften für Neurochirurgie, Radioonkologie, Hämatologie und Medizinische Onkologie, Neurologie und Neuropathologie dazu eingeladen, die Items hinsichtlich ihrer klinischen Relevanz zu bewerten.

Ergebnisse
An der Umfrage nahmen insgesamt 171 Fachärzte aus dem Bundesgebiet teil (81 Neurochirurgen, 66 Strahlentherapeuten und 24 andere neuroonkologische Experten). Anzahl und anatomische Ausdehnung der Tumoren in einer kontrastmittelverstärkten T1- und 2‑D-T2-Sequenz (98,8 % vs. 97,1 %) sowie neu diagnostizierte Läsionen bei Folgeuntersuchungen (T1 + Kontrast 98,2 %; T2 94,7 %) wurden am häufigsten als essenziell betrachtet. Darüber hinaus beurteilten die Experten insbesondere die Beschreibung einer ependymalen und/oder leptomeningealen Tumordissemination (93,6 %) sowie Zeichen der Raumforderung inklusive Verschlusshydrozephalus und parenchymale Massenverschiebungen (jeweils > 75,0 %) als wesentlich. Eine standardmäßige Erwähnung von intratumoralen Verkalkungen, Hämorrhagien, Tumorgefäßarchitektur oder erweiterter Bildgebungsmethoden wie MR-Perfusion, Diffusion, Traktographie und Protonenspektroskopie bewertete lediglich eine Minderheit der Umfrageteilnehmer als praxisrelevant.

Schlussfolgerung
Ein zuweiserorientierter inhaltlicher Mindeststandard der magnetresonanztomographischen Hirntumordiagnostik sollte als klinisch relevante Kernelemente die exakte anatomische Ausbreitung der Raumforderung(en) inklusive ependymaler und meningealer Beteiligung sowie die einschlägigen Raumforderungszeichen enthalten.
Bayesian nonlinear expectation for time series modelling and its application to Bitcoin
Authors: Siu Tak Kuen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a two-stage approach to parametric nonlinear time series modelling in discrete time with the objective of incorporating uncertainty or misspecification in the conditional mean and volatility. At the first stage, a reference or approximating time series model is specified and estimated. At the second stage, Bayesian nonlinear expectations are introduced to incorporate model uncertainty or misspecification in prediction via specifying a family of alternative models. The Bayesian nonlinear expectations for prediction are constructed from closed-form Bayesian credible intervals evaluated using conjugate priors and residuals of the estimated approximating model. Using real Bitcoin data including some periods of Covid 19, applications of the proposed method to forecasting and risk evaluation of Bitcoin are discussed via three major parametric nonlinear time series models, namely the self-exciting threshold autoregressive model, the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model and the stochastic volatility model.