bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The link between countries’ economic and scientific wealth has a complex dependence on technological activity and research policy
Authors: Rodríguez-Navarro Alonso , Brito Ricardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe studied the research performance of 69 countries by considering two different types of new knowledge: incremental (normal) and fundamental (radical). In principle, these two types of new knowledge should be assessed at two very different levels of citations, but we demonstrate that a simpler assessment can be performed based on the total number of papers (P) and the ratio of the number of papers in the global top 10% of most cited papers divided to the total number of papers (Ptop 10%/P). P represents the quantity, whereas the Ptop 10%/P ratio represents the efficiency. In ideal countries, P and the Ptop 10%/P ratio are linked to the gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP the per capita, respectively. Only countries with high Ptop 10%/P ratios participate actively in the creation of fundamental new knowledge and have Noble laureates. In real countries, the link between economic and scientific wealth can be modified by the technological activity and the research policy. We discuss how technological activity may decrease the Ptop 10%/P ratio while only slightly affecting the capacity to create fundamental new knowledge; in such countries, many papers may report incremental innovations that do not drive the advancement of knowledge. Japan is the clearest example of this, although there are many less extreme examples. Independently of technological activity, research policy has a strong influence on the Ptop 10%/P ratio, which may be higher or lower than expected from the GDP per capita depending on the success of the research policy.
GP-ETAS: semiparametric Bayesian inference for the spatio-temporal epidemic type aftershock sequence model
Authors: Molkenthin Christian , Donner Christian , Reich Sebastian , Zöller Gert , Hainzl Sebastian , Holschneider Matthias , Opper Manfred 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe spatio-temporal epidemic type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model is widely used to describe the self-exciting nature of earthquake occurrences. While traditional inference methods provide only point estimates of the model parameters, we aim at a fully Bayesian treatment of model inference, allowing naturally to incorporate prior knowledge and uncertainty quantification of the resulting estimates. Therefore, we introduce a highly flexible, non-parametric representation for the spatially varying ETAS background intensity through a Gaussian process (GP) prior. Combined with classical triggering functions this results in a new model formulation, namely the GP-ETAS model. We enable tractable and efficient Gibbs sampling by deriving an augmented form of the GP-ETAS inference problem. This novel sampling approach allows us to assess the posterior model variables conditioned on observed earthquake catalogues, i.e., the spatial background intensity and the parameters of the triggering function. Empirical results on two synthetic data sets indicate that GP-ETAS outperforms standard models and thus demonstrate the predictive power for observed earthquake catalogues including uncertainty quantification for the estimated parameters. Finally, a case study for the l’Aquila region, Italy, with the devastating event on 6 April 2009, is presented.
A numerically stable algorithm for integrating Bayesian models using Markov melding
Authors: Manderson Andrew A. , Goudie Robert J. B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen statistical analyses consider multiple data sources, Markov melding provides a method for combining the source-specific Bayesian models. Markov melding joins together submodels that have a common quantity. One challenge is that the prior for this quantity can be implicit, and its prior density must be estimated. We show that error in this density estimate makes the two-stage Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler employed by Markov melding unstable and unreliable. We propose a robust two-stage algorithm that estimates the required prior marginal self-density ratios using weighted samples, dramatically improving accuracy in the tails of the distribution. The stabilised version of the algorithm is pragmatic and provides reliable inference. We demonstrate our approach using an evidence synthesis for inferring HIV prevalence, and an evidence synthesis of A/H1N1 influenza.
Particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony algorithm for clustering and mobile based software-defined wireless sensor networks
Authors: Sixu Lu , Muqing Wu , Min Zhao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the development of the internet of things, people pay more and more attention to wireless sensor networks. Designing the energy efficient routing is an essential objective for wireless sensor networks. Cluster routing is one of the most popular routing protocols to enhance the network lifetime. However, hotspot problem always exists in cluster-based routing protocol. The task of this study is designing a cluster routing protocol with mobile base station which aims at balancing the energy consumption and prolonging the network lifetime. In this article, we design a particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony algorithm for clustering and mobile based software-defined wireless sensor networks. The software defined network architecture is used to reduce the energy overhead and computation overhead in sensor nodes. Particle swarm optimization-based cluster routing algorithm is used to calculate the cluster heads and the sojourn locations of base station. Artificial bee colony algorithm-based traversal path algorithm is used to design the move path of the base station. Comparing with relevant protocols, the proposed protocol reduces the energy consumption, enhances the network lifetime and reduces the control overhead.
Cutting uncertain stock and vehicle routing in a sustainability forestry harvesting problem
Authors: Fajemisin Adejuyigbe O. , Prestwich Steven D. , Climent Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSustainable forest management is concerned with the management of forests according to the principles of sustainable development. As a contribution to the field, this paper combines the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) (in which the vehicles are harvesters) with the Multiple Stock Size Cutting Stock Problem under uncertainty (in which the stock is logs). We present an Integer Linear Program that dynamically combines the cutting of the uncertain stock with vehicle routing, and uses it to address real-life problems. In experiments on real data from the forestry harvesting industry, we show that it outperforms a commonly used metaheuristic algorithm.
Signaling Mechanism for Modulation by GLP-1 and Exendin-4 of GABA Receptors on Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ruan Hang-Ze , Wang Yong-Chen , Shao Yu-Qi , Zhou Wei , Weng Shi-Jun , Zhong Yong-Mei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is expressed in retinal neurons, but its role in the retina is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that GLP-1 or the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R; a G protein-coupled receptor) agonist exendin-4 suppressed γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR)-mediated currents through GLP-1Rs in isolated rat retinal ganglion cells (GCs). Pre-incubation with the stimulatory G protein (Gs) inhibitor NF 449 abolished the exendin-4 effect. The exendin-4-induced suppression was mimicked by perfusion with 8-Br-cAMP (a cAMP analog), but was eliminated by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor Rp-cAMP/KT-5720. The exendin-4 effect was accompanied by an increase in [Ca2+]i of GCs through the IP3-sensitive pathway and was blocked in Ca2+-free solution. Furthermore, when the activity of calmodulin (CaM) and CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) was inhibited, the exendin-4 effect was eliminated. Consistent with this, exendin-4 suppressed GABAR-mediated light-evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents in GCs in rat retinal slices. These results suggest that exendin-4-induced suppression may be mediated by a distinct Gs/cAMP-PKA/IP3/Ca2+/CaM/CaMKII signaling pathway, following the activation of GLP-1Rs.
Toward an Overarching Framework for Systematizing Research Perspectives on Diagnostic Thinking and Practice
Authors: Leuders Timo , Loibl Katharina , Sommerhoff Daniel , Herppich Stephanie , Praetorius Anna-Katharina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAssessing students’ learning processes and products is considered a core requirement of effective teaching. As such, it is an object of research in several disciplines and research areas. To structure the various corresponding research perspectives and provide a broader, yet still systematic view of the field, we propose an overarching framework that allows for systematizing foci of interest, goals, methodologies, and theoretical premises as four integral aspects of conducting research in this area. We demonstrate the benefits of the overarching framework by using it as a tool to analyze and systematize previous research from four different research perspectives. Based on this framework, we discuss the strengths and limitations of existing studies and, in particular, highlight theoretical premises that are rarely explicitly addressed but become more obvious by using the overarching framework. In addition, we provide directions for future research by drawing connections within and between research perspectives. Our analyses illustrate how the overarching framework can provide a foundation for research synthesis and inform future studies.
Weight stigma in patients with overweight and obesity: validation of the Italian Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ)
Authors: Rossi Alessandro Alberto , Manzoni Gian Mauro , Pietrabissa Giada , Di Pauli Daniele , Mannarini Stefania , Castelnuovo Gianluca 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to explore the factorial structure of the Italian Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ) (Study1); and to test structural validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and measurement invariance of the questionnaire across gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), age and occurrence of previous hospitalization for obesity (Study2).

Methods
At admission into a hospital-based program for weight reduction and rehabilitation, 150 inpatients with overweight/obesity (68% females) completed the WSSQ (Study1). In Study2, in addition to the WSSQ, 446 inpatients (61.9% females) completed the Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). A subsample of 40 patients also re-completed the WSSQ at discharge from the hospital.

Results
The Italian WSSQ showed good overlap with the original factorial structure (Study1) and results were confirmed in Study2. Test–retest reliability and convergent validity showed adequate values. Measurement invariance revealed that WSSQ was perfectly invariant across both BMI and the occurrence of previous hospitalizations for obesity. In both studies, the internal consistency of the questionnaire was deemed acceptable.

Conclusions
The Italian WSSQ is a valid, reliable, and invariant tool for the assessment of weight-related self-stigma among patients with overweight/obesity. Future studies should assess its longitudinal invariance as well as its responsiveness to weight reduction treatments.

Level of evidence
V, descriptive study.
Hospital physicians’ and older patients’ agreement with individualised STOPP/START-based medication optimisation recommendations in a clinical trial setting
Authors: Huibers C. J. A. , Sallevelt B. T. G. M. , Heij J. M. J. op , O’Mahony D. , Rodondi N. , Dalleur O. , van Marum R. J. , Egberts A. C. G. , Wilting I. , Knol W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the agreement of hospital physicians and older patients with individualised STOPP/START-based medication optimisation recommendations from a pharmacotherapy team.

Methods
This study was embedded within a large European, multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial examining the effect of a structured medication review on drug-related hospital admissions in multimorbid (≥ 3 chronic conditions) older people (≥ 70 years) with polypharmacy (≥ 5 chronic medications), called OPERAM. Data from the Dutch intervention arm of this trial were used for this study. Medication review was performed jointly by a physician and pharmacist (i.e. pharmacotherapy team) supported by a Clinical Decision Support System with integrated STOPP/START criteria. Individualised STOPP/START-based medication optimisation recommendations were discussed with patients and attending hospital physicians.

Results
139 patients were included, mean (SD) age 78.3 (5.1) years, 47% male and median (IQR) number of medications at admission 11 (9–14). In total, 371 recommendations were discussed with patients and physicians, overall agreement was 61.6% for STOPP and 60.7% for START recommendations. Highest agreement was found for initiation of osteoporosis agents and discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors (both 74%). Factors associated with higher agreement in multivariate analysis were: female gender (+ 17.1% [3.7; 30.4]), ≥ 1 falls in the past year (+ 15.0% [1.5; 28.5]) and renal impairment i.e. eGFR 30–50 ml/min/1.73 m2; (+ 18.0% [2.0; 34.0]). The main reason for disagreement (40%) was patients’ reluctance to discontinue or initiate medication.

Conclusion
Better patient and physician education regarding the benefit/risk balance of pharmacotherapy, in addition to more precise and up-to-date medical records to avoid irrelevant recommendations, will likely result in higher adherence with future pharmacotherapy optimisation recommendations.

Clinical trial registration
Trial Registration Number NCT02986425.
End-of-Life Decision making in circular economy using generalized colored stochastic Petri nets
Authors: Vanson Gautier , Marangé Pascale , Levrat Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCircular economy enables to restore product value at the end of life i.e. when no longer used or damaged. Thus, the product life cycle is extended and this economy permits to reduce waste increase and resources rarefaction. There are several revaluation options (reuse, remanufacturing, recycling, …). So, decision makers need to assess these options to determine which is the best decision. Thus, we will present a study about an End-Of-Life (EoL) decision making which aims to facilitate the industrialization of circular economy. For this, it is essential to consider all variables and parameters impacting the decision of the product trajectory. A first part of the work proposes to identify the variables and parameters impacting the decision making. A second part proposes an assessment approach based on a modeling by Generalized Colored Stochastic Petri Net (GCSPN) and on a Monte-Carlo simulation. The approach developed is tested on an industrial example from the literature to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the model. This first application showed the feasibility of the approach, and also the limits of the GCSPN modelling.
A search for technosignatures toward the Galactic Centre at 150 MHz
Authors: Tremblay Chenoa D. , Price Danny C. , Tingay Steven J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper is the fourth in a series of low-frequency searches for technosignatures. Using the Murchison Widefield Array over two nights, we integrate 7 h of data toward the Galactic Centre (centred on the position of Sagittarius$\mathrm{A}^{*}$) with a total field-of-view of$200\,\mathrm{deg}^{2}$. We present a targeted search toward 144 exoplanetary systems, at our best yet angular resolution (75 arcsec). This is the first technosignature search at a central frequency of 155 MHz toward the Galactic Centre (our previous central frequencies have been lower). A blind search toward in excess of 3 million stars toward the Galactic Centre and Galactic bulge is also completed, placing an equivalent isotropic power limit$<\!1.1\times10^{19}\,\mathrm{W}$at the distance to the Galactic Centre. No plausible technosignatures are detected.
Contemporary feeding practices in postoperative patients with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Kim Ji-Yeon , Sarnaik Ajit , Farooqi Ahmad , Cashen Katherine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground:We aimed to assess the current nutritional practices in postoperative patients with Congenital Heart Disease.Methods:Cross-sectional electronic survey was sent to members of The Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society.Measurements and Main Results:In Total, 52 members of the Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Society responded to the survey consisting of 14% paediatric intensivist, 53% paediatric cardiac intensivist, and 33% nurse/nurse practitioner with a median of 10 years of experience. There was an even distribution between intensivist (55%) and dietitian or nutritionist (45%) in nutrition management. Ninety-eight percent of respondents report that they would feed patients on inotropic or vasoactive support. Only 27% of respondents reported using indirect calorimetry in calculating resting energy expenditure which is the current gold standard. Academic hospitals compared to non-academic hospital were most likely to report feeding patients within 24 hours postoperative (p = 0.014). Having a feeding protocol was associated with feeding within 24 hours postoperative (p = 0.014) and associated with >50% goal intake by 48 hours postoperative (p = 0.025).Conclusions:Substantial variation in feeding practice still exists despite the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition guidelines from 2017. Report of institutional established feeding protocol was associated with increased early feeding and reaching goal feeds by 48 hours postoperative. Very few centres reported use of indirect calorimetry in postoperative paediatric cardiac intensive care patients and many respondents lacked knowledge about applications in this population. Additional work to determine optimal feeding pathways and assessment of caloric needs in this population is needed.
Vorticity Within Bursty Bulk Flows: Convective Versus Kinetic
Authors: Zhang L. Q. , Wang Chi. , Dai L. , Baumjohann W. , Lui A. T. Y. , Burch James L. , Khotyaintsev Yu V. , Ren Y. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBased on four‐point Magnetospheric Multiscale observation, we carefully analyze the vorticity field in the course of a reconnection jet on 27 June 2017. In this event, the convective electric field (Ec) is overwhelmed by the kinetic electric field (Ek). Accordingly, the ω‐field in the course of the BBF is dominated by kinetic vorticity (ωk). The ω‐field in the Ek‐dominated bursty bulk flow (BBF) is characterized by perpendicular anisotropy. Comparison of velocity‐curl vorticity () with E/B induced vorticity confirms a greater contribution to the BBF vorticity by E () than by B (). Power spectrum density reveals that in the Ek‐dominated BBF, the Ec and Ek spectra have different power laws. Ec dominates the B‐spectrum while Ek dominates the E‐spectrum. The Ec(B) spectrum has a −5/3‐like slope below 0.25 Hz but a −3‐like above 0.25 Hz. The Ek(E) spectrum is −5/3‐like at the low‐frequency end (below 0.1 Hz) but −2‐like at the high‐frequency end (above 2 Hz). Within its medium frequency range, the spectrum is flat. Particularly, the Ek(E) spectrum exhibits the bump at 1–2 Hz in the frequency domain. The solitary/bipolar E‐spikes, with typical temporal scale of 0.3–1 s, are likely responsible for the E‐bump. Finally, we statistically analyze and compare the vorticity field in Ek‐dominated and Ec ‐dominated BBFs. The result demonstrates that the Ek‐dominated BBF tends to have stronger vorticity than the Ec ‐dominated BBF.
Trends in Global Tropical Cyclone Activity: 1990–2021
Authors: Klotzbach Philip J. , Wood Kimberly M. , Schreck Carl J. , Bowen Steven G. , Patricola Christina M. , Bell Michael M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigates global tropical cyclone (TC) activity trends from 1990 to 2021, a period marked by largely consistent observational platforms. Several global TC metrics have decreased during this period, with significant decreases in hurricane numbers and Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE). Most of this decrease has been driven by significant downward trends in the western North Pacific. Globally, short‐lived named storms, 24‐hr intensification events of ≥50 kt day−1, and TC‐related damage have increased significantly. The increase in short‐lived named storms is likely due to technological improvements, while rapidly intensifying TC increases may be fueled by higher potential intensity. Damage increases are largely due to increased coastal assets. The significant decrease in hurricane numbers and global ACE are likely due to the trend toward a more La Niña‐like base state from 1990 to 2021, favoring North Atlantic TC activity and suppressing North and South Pacific TC activity.
Bayesian Inference of Fault Slip and Coupling Along the Tuosuo Lake Segment of the Kunlun Fault, China
Authors: Jian Huizi , Gong Wenyu , Li Yanchuan , Wang Lifeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntegrating newly‐processed Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and available Global Positioning System (GPS) data, we obtained a dense interseismic velocity field across the Tuosuo Lake segment of the Kunlun fault. Using a Bayesian approach, we obtained the spatial distribution of fault slip and coupling. The slip rate below the locking depth, which represents contemporary steady‐state faulting, demonstrates an overall decrease, and decreases non‐monotonically toward the eastern fault tip in the range of ∼5–11 mm/a. Two strongly locked zones are identified, extending 100–120 km along‐strike and being separated by narrow sections of moderate coupling. These locked zones were likely ruptured during the 1937 M 7.5 Huashixia earthquake. The estimated moment accumulation rate provides a recurrence time of 428 ± 57 years for an earthquake similar to the 1937 event. The Maduo Mw 7.3 earthquake on 21 May 2021 imposed stress loading on the locked zones, equivalent to tectonic loading of ∼10 years, implying increased seismic hazard along the Kunlun fault.
Seamless Projections of Global Storm Surge and Ocean Waves Under a Warming Climate
Authors: Shimura T. , Pringle W. J. , Mori N. , Miyashita T. , Yoshida K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor coastal adaptation purposes, it is important to estimate the climate related changes in extreme sea levels due to storm surges and ocean waves, in addition to mean sea level rise. This study provides the first consistent and continuous estimation of projected changes in global storm surges and ocean waves from the past to the warmer future, based on an extremely high resolution global climate model. The spatial pattern in the trend of annual maximum sea surface heights and wave heights is predominantly driven by changes in tropical cyclone (TC) frequency. In the western North Pacific, future TC frequencies are projected to decrease, and the annual maximum sea surface heights and wave heights show decreasing trends (−20 cm/century and −200 cm/century). Although highly intense tropical cyclones are enhanced in the warmer climate, highly extreme storm surges and wave heights do not necessarily increase due to the large natural variability.