bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors associated with rural women’s protected against tetanus in East Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys of ten East African countries
Authors: Belay Alebachew Taye , Fenta Setegn Much , Agegn Setegn Bayabil , Muluneh Mitiku Wale 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTetanus is a deadly bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani wound contamination characterized muscular spasms and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. Maternal and neonatal tetanus occurs under improper hygiene practices during childbirth. Globally, an estimated 3.3 million newborn deaths occur every year, and about 9,000 babies die every day in the first 28 days of life. This study sought to identify risk factors associated with the immunization of rural women against tetanus in rural areas in ten East African countries.MethodThe data used in this study were taken from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of ten East African countries (Ethiopia, Burundi, Comoros, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Malawi, Ruanda, Tanzania, Uganda and, Zambia). Multivariable binary logistic regression is used to determine the risk factors associated with tetanus-protected women in east Africa.ResultsThe weighted total samples of 73735 rural women were included in the analysis. The combined prevalence of tetanus immunization among protected rural women in ten East African countries was 50.4%. Those women with age of 24–34 (AOR = 0.778; 95%CI: 0.702–0.861), higher educational level (AOR = 4.010; 95%CI: 2.10–5.670), rich women (AOR = 3.097;95%CI: 2.680–3.583), mass media coverage(AOR = 1.143; 95%CI: 1.030–1.269),having above three antenatal care follow up (AOR = 1.550; 95% CI: 1.424–1.687), big problem of distance to health facility (AOR = 0.676; CI: 0.482–0.978) and place of delivery health facility (AOR = 1.103; 95% CI: 1.005–1.210) had a significant effect on women’s protected from tetanus.ConclusionThe coverage of tetanus immunization in East Africa was very low. Public health programs target rural mothers who are uneducated, poor households, longer distances from health facilities, mothers who have the problem of media exposure, and mothers who have not used maternal health care services to promote TT immunization.
Mobile applications in medical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chandran Viji Pulikkel , Balakrishnan Athira , Rashid Muhammed , Pai Kulyadi Girish , Khan Sohil , Devi Elsa Sanatombi , Nair Sreedharan , Thunga Girish 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThis review evaluates the effectiveness of smartphone applications in improving academic performance and clinical practice among healthcare professionals and students.MethodsThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane library through a comprehensive search strategy. Studies that included medical, dental, nursing, allied healthcare professional, undergraduates, postgraduates, and interns from the same disciplines who used mobile applications for their academic learning and/or daily clinical practice were considered.Results52 studies with a total of 4057 learner participants were included in this review. 33 studies (15 RCTs, 1 cluster RCT, 7 quasi-experimental studies, 9 interventional cohort studies and 1 cross-sectional study) reported that mobile applications were an effective tool that contributed to a significant improvement in the knowledge level of the participants. The pooled effect of 15 studies with 962 participants showed that the knowledge score improved significantly in the group using mobile applications when compared to the group who did not use mobile applications (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.57 to1.31, P<0.00001). 19 studies (11 RCTs, 3 quasi-experimental studies and 5 interventional cohort studies) reported that mobile applications were effective in significantly improving skills among the participants.ConclusionMobile applications are effective tools in enhancing knowledge and skills. They can be considered as effective adjunct tools in medical education by considering their low expense, high versatility, reduced dependency on regional or site boundaries, online and offline, simulation, and flexible learning features of mobile apps.
Logistic regression analysis of ultrasound findings in predicting the malignant and benign phyllodes tumor of breast
Authors: Li Tingting , Li Yanjie , Yang Yingqi , Li Juan , Hu ZiYue , Wang Lu , Pu Wei , Wei Ting , Lu Man 
Published: March 2022

Objective
To evaluate ultrasound characteristics in the prediction of malignant and benign phyllodes tumor of the breast (PTB) by using Logistic regression analysis.

Methods
79 lesions diagnosed as PTB by pathology were analyzed retrospectively. The ultrasound features of PTB were recorded and compared between benign and malignant tumors by using single factor and multiple stepwise Logistic regression analysis. Moreover, the Logistic regression model for malignancy prediction was also established.

Results
There were 79 patients with PTB, including 39 benign PTBs and 40 malignant PTBs (33 borderline PTBs and 7 malignant PTBs by pathologic classification). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of lesion size and age were 0.737 and 0.850 respectively. There were significant differences in age, lesion size, shape, internal echo, liquefaction, and blood flow between malignant and benign PTBs by using single-factor analysis (P<0.05). Age, internal echo, and liquefaction were significant features by using Logistic regression analysis. The corresponding regression equation In (p/(1 − p) = -3.676+2.919 internal echo +3.029 liquefaction +4.346 age).

Conclusion
Internal echo, age, and liquefaction are independent ultrasound characteristics in predicting the malignancy of PTBs.
Understanding the psychological mechanisms of return to sports readiness after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Liew Bernard X. W. , Feller Julian A. , Webster Kate E. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe psychological response to an Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is significant and can negatively impact return to sports outcomes. This study aimed to quantify the association between factors associated with return to sport using network analysis.Methods441 participants who underwent primary ACL reconstruction. The 12-item ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale was administered to all participants 12 months after surgery. Three network analyses were used to quantify the adjusted correlations between the 12 items of the ACL-RSI scale, and to determine the centrality indices of each item (i.e., the degree of connection with other items in the network). Further subgroup network analyses were conducted for those who had (n = 115) and had not returned (n = 326) to their pre-injury level of sport.ResultsThe greatest adjusted correlation was between Q7 and Q9 (fear of re-injury and afraid of accidentally injuring knee) of the ACL-RSI (group 0.48 (95%CI [0.40 to 0.57])) across all three networks. The most important item in the network was Q12 (relaxed about sport) across all three networks. Individuals who did return to sport had greater Strength centrality for Q8 (confidence in knee, P = 0.014) compared to those who did not return to sport.ConclusionFear of re-injury and being relaxed about playing sport were the two most important nodes in the network models that describe the return to sport readiness. The importance of knee confidence at influencing psychological readiness was greater in athletes who did return to sport compared to those who did not. Our findings provide candidate therapeutic targets that could inform future interventions designed to optimize return to sport rates in athletes post ACL reconstruction.
Stem cell sheet interpositioned between the tendon and bone would be better for healing than stem cell sheet overlaid above the tendon-to-bone junction in rotator cuff repair of rats
Authors: Choi Jae hee , Shim In Kyong , Shin Myung Jin , Lee Yu Na , Koh Kyoung Hwan 
Published: March 2022

Background
Although stem cells might enhance natural enthesis healing in surgical rotator cuff repair, not much attention has been given to the delivery and location of delivering stem cells. The purpose of this study to know where to locate those stem cells during repair.

Methods
Animal model of chronic rotator cuff tear was created in 24 rats. Adipose-derived stem cells were engineered as a sheet and transplanted 1) between a torn tendon and humerus (interposition group) or 2) over a repaired tendon-to-bone junction (overlay group) at the time of surgical repair. Tracking of stem cells with overexpression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) were carried out at the time of sacrifice in additional 4 shoulders in each group. Histological and Biomechanical evaluation was performed to compare the differences in tendon-to-bone healing.

Results
Histology showed increased fibrocartilage, a clear boundary at the mineralized fibrocartilage, abundant collagen type III, and higher total scores, especially in the interposition group. GFP-overexpression was observed at the transplanted site at 2 weeks after repair. Although two groups where stem cell sheets applied showed higher load to failure than the repair-only group, the load to failure was not different between the interposition and overlay group.

Conclusion
In the chronic rotator cuff repair model, stem cell sheets enhanced regeneration of the tendon-to-bone junction. This regeneration was effective when the stem cell sheet was interpositioned at the tendon-to-bone interface.

Level of evidence
Basic Science Study; In Vivo Animal Model; Histology and Biomechanics.
A national survey on current clinical practice pattern of Korean Medicine doctors for treating obesity
Authors: Jegal Kyung Hwan , Ko Mi Mi , Kim Bo-Young , Son Mi Ju , Kim Sungha 
Published: March 2022

Background and aimsGiven the multifactorial nature of obesity, there is current interest on Korean medicine (KM) for weight loss. This survey aimed to investigate current practice patterns of KM treatment for obesity among doctors.MethodsA questionnaire on clinical practice patterns of KM treatment for obesity was constructed and distributed to 21,788 KM doctors (KMDs). The questionnaire was consisted of respondent characteristics, state of treated patient, diagnosis, treatment, and usage pattern of herbal medicine for obesity.ResultsA total of 4.9% of KMDs (n = 1,084/21,788) validly completed the survey. Patients with Obesity Class I (25 ≤ Body mass index (BMI) ≤ 29.9) are the most common in KM clinics. Bioelectric impedance and KM Obesity Pattern Identification Questionnaire were routinely used for diagnosis. The average treatment duration was 4.16 weeks, and patients visited on an average 4.25 times per month for treatment. Herbal medicine is the most commonly used for obesity treatment by KMDs, and Taeeumjowui-tang was the most frequently prescribed. Ephedrae Herba, which is identified as the most used herbs for weight loss, was prescribed 5.18 ± 2.7 g/day at minimum and 10.06 ± 4.23 g/day at maximum. A total of 62.9% of responded KMDs had ever a patient with uncomfortable symptoms due to Ephedrae Herba use, neuropsychiatric events were the most common symptoms, followed by gastrointestinal events.ConclusionTaken together, this study provides information on real clinical practice patterns of KM including patients, diagnosis, treatments, and herbal medicine for obesity.
Labor Share Dynamics and Factor Complementarity
Authors: Chang Juin-Jen , Kuo Chun-Hung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the mechanism behind the cyclical movements in the labor income share. We build a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with search and matching frictions to examine the counter-cyclicality and overshooting of the labor income share, following a technology innovation. This model features (i) a time-varying output elasticity of labor, generated from the capital–labor complementarity under a constant-elasticity-of-substitution production function, and (ii) an endogenous markup variation, generated from wage/price rigidity. Through the output elasticity and markup channels, the capital–labor complementarity interacts with wage rigidity, which allows us to produce a satisfactory matching of the amplitude of the labor share overshooting observed in the data. The amplitude of the labor share overshooting is more significant when wages (prices) are more (less) sticky, and when the government’s interest rate rule is more (less) responsive to the deviation in the inflation (output) target.
Efforts made in enhancing corrosion inhibition potential of organic compounds: recent developments and future direction
Authors: Verma Chandrabhan , Quraishi Mumtaz A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Numerous attempts have been made to enhance the corrosion inhibition (%IE) of organic compounds. Each method has its own advantages and drawbacks. One of the important methods of enhancing %IE of organic compounds is their chemical functionalization which involves addition of polar functional groups, which enhances %IE due to combined effect of enhanced solubility and the number of adsorption centers. A large number of organic compounds derivatized through covalent and noncovalent functionalization are extensively used as corrosion inhibitors. It is well documented that properly functionalized organic compounds show higher %IE than the parent compounds. Other important factors that usually affect corrosion inhibition performance are transportability rate, immersion time, planarity, strength of electrolyte, and synergism. In the present article effect of these factors has been discussed. A proper understanding of these factors will help corrosion scientists and engineers in designing and synthesis (formulation) of effective corrosion inhibitors for industrial scale applications.
Feeling Right: Regulatory Fit Theory and Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Investment Decisions
Authors: Jiang Shiyao , Li Guiquan , Liu Haixin , Xiong Jie , Chakraborty Shubho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent advances in entrepreneurial investment decisions research implied that early-stage investment decisions, given their extreme uncertainty and unpredictability, were results of investors’ intuition processes. In other words, investors manage the high risks of early-stage investment decisions by finding justifications of future value against risk in the invested entrepreneurial projects. Although some studies have discussed the decision-making process of mid- and late-stage venture capital, there is still a lack of discussion on the early-stage investment decision-making mechanism. In this paper, we draw on regulatory fit theory to theorize how the fit of regulatory focus between investor and entrepreneur could lead to the investor’s early-stage investment decisions in terms of investment amount and speed. Across three experimental studies, we found empirical support for our proposed model. Specifically, investors who have similar regulatory focus with the entrepreneurs are more likely to invest a larger amount of funds at a faster speed. We further found that investor’s sense of rightness mediates the relationship between regulatory fit and investment decision, and investor’s previous investment experience plays a moderating role.
Estimating the volume of the 1978 Rissa quick clay landslide in Central Norway using historical aerial imagery
Authors: Robson Benjamin Aubrey , Hölbling Daniel , Nielsen Pål Ringkjøb , Koller Max 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Quick clay is found across Scandinavia and is especially prominent in south-eastern and central Norway. Quick clay is prone to failure and can cause landslides with high velocities and large run-outs. The 1978 Rissa landslide is one of the best-known quick clay landslides to have occurred in the last century, both due to its size and the fact that it was captured on film. In this article, we utilise Structure from Motion Multi-View Stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry to process historical aerial photography from 1964 to 1978 and derive the first geodetic volume of the Rissa landslide. We found that the landslide covered a total onshore area of 0.36 km2 and had a geodetic volume of 2.53 ± 0.52 × 106 m3 with up to 20 m of surface elevation changes. Our estimate differs profusely from previous estimates by 43–56% which can partly be accounted for our analysis not being able to measure the portion of the landslide that occurred underwater, nor account for the material deposited within the landslide area. Given the accuracy and precision of our analyses, we believe that the total volume of the Rissa landslide may have been less than originally reported. The use of modern image processing techniques such as SfM-MVS for processing historical aerial photography is recommended for understanding landscape changes related to landslides, volcanoes, glaciers, or river erosion over large spatial and temporal scales.
Spatial accessibility between commercial and ecological spaces: A case study in Beijing, China
Authors: Xue Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The accessibility evaluation between ecological and commercial spaces is important for “production-living-ecological” coordination. This article selects Tongzhou of Beijing as an example. Significance tests showed the commercial facilities in Tongzhou district followed an agglomerated distribution. Further exploration of the relationship between concentrated commercial and ecological spaces show the distribution of ecological space in Tongzhou district is unbalanced, which shows that the northern, western, and central regions of Tongzhou district cover a wide area, whereas the southeast region has a low level of accessibility. The coverage rate of ecological space of each street with 10 min walking is lower than 50% on average. The coverage rate of walking for 20 min varies greatly, and the sub-districts with high coverage rate are basically distributed along the north–south central axis and east–west central axis. Emerging commercial spaces have poor accessibility towards ecological space, which indicates that in the new commercial space, ecological space has not been considered in the planning. It also reflects that in the existing daily ecological management, managers tend to focus on the ecological remediation of the built area and ignore the ecological planning in the community construction stage of commercial space.
Geomorphological and hydrological heritage of Mt. Stara Planina in SE Serbia: From river protection initiative to potential geotouristic destination
Authors: Marjanović Miloš , Milenković Jelena , Lukić Milica , Tomić Nemanja , Antić Aleksandar , Marković Rastko S. , Atanasijević Jasna , Božić Dragana , Buhmiler Sandra , Radaković Milica , Radivojević Aleksandar R. , Milićević Ana Langović , Gavrilov Milivoj B. , Marković Slobodan B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mt. Stara Planina is located in the eastern part of the Republic of Serbia and represents the westernmost part of the large mountain massif of the Balkans. Both endogenous and exogenous forces created interesting geomorphological and hydrological features for geotourism development in this area. This article proposes a preliminary list of geomorphological and hydrological sites and analyses them to reveal which geosite possesses geotourism potential. This research was carried out by applying the modified geosite assessment model. In this article, ten geosites were singled out based on the degree of their attractiveness for geotourism development. The results reveal information about the key fields of improvement for each evaluated geosite, and identify which areas require more attention and better management in the upcoming period for Mt. Stara Planina to become a well-known geotourism destination that would attract a large number of tourists in the future.
Optical properties of transparent wood composites prepared using transverse sections of poplar wood
Authors: Bisht Priya , Pandey Krishna K. , G Srinivas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The revolutionary transformation of opaque wood into a transparent material, with combination of high optical transmittance and high haze, has gained widespread interest in the realms of advanced functional materials. However, the thickness of transparent wood composite (TWC) is limited to a few millimeters which restricts potential use. In this study, TWC were prepared using transverse sections of poplar (Populus deltoides) in thickness ranging from 1.5 to 15 mm by lignin modification bleaching followed by epoxy resin infiltration. The effects of bleaching duration as well as sample thickness on the optical properties of TWC were investigated. TWC was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The optical properties of TWC were measured using UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy. The results indicated that light transmittance depended on severity of bleaching, lignin content and sample thickness.
Construction of optical solitons of Radhakrishnan–Kundu–Lakshmanan equation in birefringent fibers
Authors: Ullah Naeem , Asjad Muhammad Imran , Ur Rehman Hamood , Akgül Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article, we are attracted to discover the multiple-optical soiltons in birefringent fibers for Radhakrishnan–Kundu–Lakshmanan equation (RKLE) by applying the Sardar-subequation method (SSM) and the new extended hyperbolic function method (EHFM). We construct the solutions in the form of exponential, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions solitons solutions like mixed complex solitons and multiple-optical solitons solutions. In addition, singular periodic wave solutions are constructed, and the restraint conditions for the presence of soliton solutions are also defined. Moreover, the physical interpretation of the obtained solutions is disclosed in forms of 3D and 2D plots for different suitable parameters. The attained results indicate that the implemented computational scheme is straight, proficient, and brief and can be applied in more complex phenomena with the associate of representative computations. We have obtained several sorts of new solutions.
Beyond the Standards of the Epoch – The Phenomenon of Elżbieta Sieniawska Née Lubomirska and Anna Katarzyna Radziwiłł née Sanguszko based on Selected Aspects of Their Economic Activities in Times of Political Unrest in the Saxon Era
Authors: Kicińska Urszula 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
At the turn of the eighteenth century, the political and economic situation in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was difficult and unstable. This period was brimming with military conflicts, the most important of which was the Great Northern War, and contributed to devastation and impoverishment in many areas of the country. The post-war damage in cities and villages could be felt among civilians for many years. While women did not take part in military operations directly, they were interested in the reports from the war front, they caught up on political news, and sometimes personally experienced the toll of the war since Saxon, Swedish, and Russian troops, which were marching across the country, plundered their lands and homes, instilling fear and terror among the residents. And yet there was something that played an important role in the fight against the destructive enemy – a possibility to gain influential patrons and use their authority as a “shield” protecting one’s property from the troops and aggressive neighbours. Respect for some people from the ruling spheres or local elites as well as fear for their revenge built a barricade of sorts, strong enough to protect their clients from adverse actions of the destroyer.
A Gini estimator for regression with autocorrelated errors
Authors: Ka Ndéné , Mussard Stéphane 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The widely used Prais–Winsten technique for estimating parameters of linear regression model with serial correlation is sensitive to outliers. In this paper, an alternative method based on Gini mean difference (GMD) is proposed. A Monte Carlo simulation is used to show that the Gini estimator is more robust than the general least squares one when the data are contaminated by outliers.