bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leer la memoria, construir la democracia. Las crónicas sen-timentales de Manuel Vázquez Montalbán
Authors: Minardi Adriana 
Published: January 2022

En esta propuesta tomaremos como corpus analítico las Crónicas sentimentales de España y de la Transición, así como también el conjunto de artículos de La literatura en la construcción de la ciudad democrática, a partir de las cuales intentaremos abordar la cuestión del imaginario de la “sociedad civil” que constituye el epicentro de la llamada construcción de la democracia. En ese derrotero crítico que incluye, además, las reflexiones acerca de la ciudad, la memoria y la perspectiva del pasado como lugar o depósito de memoria, veremos que la escritura programática del ensayo mantiene íntima relación con la politicidad inherente que la encuadra. Memoria, realidad y deseo serán las tres vías de entrada para pensar estas obras en el marco del debate por las apropiaciones del pasado reciente pero también respecto de la ciudad global, lo local y lo transnacional.
Assessment of the Relationship between Reperfusion Success and T-peak to T-end Interval in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention or Pharmacoinvasive Therapy
Authors: Abdo Elezaby Sara Kamel , El-Sheikh Ayman Ahmed , Abd Al-Aal Mohamed Ahmed , El-Masrie Magdi 
Published: January 2022

Background: Acute coronary syndrome encompasses unstable angina, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). STEMI is mostly caused by coronary artery occlusion which treated either by fibrinolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) interval and successful perfusion in patients with STEMI treated with pPCI or pharmaco-invasive therapy.
Methods: This cohort prospective study was carried out on 60 patients admitted to cardiology department in Tanta University Hospitals with STEMI. All patients were subjected to full medical history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, electrocardiography, transthoracic echo Doppler study, coronary angiography, follow up for early outcome during hospital stay and late outcome after 3 months and assessment of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow.
Results: There was a statistically non-significant difference regarding age, gender, hypertension and diabetes between both groups. Regarding vessel affected, in group I, there were 20% with RCA lesion, 46.7% with LAD lesion and 33.3% with LCX lesion while in group II there were 30% with RCA lesion, 43.3% with LAD lesion, 20% with LCX lesion and 6.7% was LM with statistically non-significant difference between the groups. In comparison TPE preprocedural and TPE post-procedural in successful PCI group, there was statistically highly significant difference with P value 0.001. While comparing TPE preprocedural and TPE Postprocedural in failed PCI group, there was statistically non-significant difference with P value =0.09. ROC curve analysis was done to pick up the best cut off value of TPE at admission for prediction of Pharmaco-invasive group which revealed TPE at admission more than 104.5 with sensitivity 73.3% and specificity 63.3%. Area under the curve 0.725 with 95% CI ranged from 0.596 to 0.854.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that prolonged TPE interval is associated with ischemia and thus shortened TPE could be used as a marker for reperfusion success. TPE prolongation also associated with poor prognosis in patients with STEMI
Phosphate-buffered Formalin Fixative Under Controlled Fixation Temperature Yielded Excellently Preserved Histomorphology
Authors: Onyegbula Kenneth C. , Oluwaloye Gideon T. 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Using mouse liver as experimental model, this study attempts to identify a formalin-based fixative and fixation temperature that jointly provides the best balance of preservation of tissue morphology.
Methodology: Liver samples from fifty (50) albino mice aged between of 6 to 8 weeks consisting of both male and female was harvested following cervical dislocation and randomly distributed into control and experimental groups. Control samples were fixed in 10mL of 10% formalin at 25oC, 30oC, 35oC, 40oC, 45oC, 50oC, 55oC and 60oC respectively for 24 hours, while experimental samples were each fixed in equal volume of phosphate-buffered 10% formalin (pH 7.2, 7.4, 7.6 and 7.8) at the same temperature and time duration regimen and processed for general tissue morphology. Nuclear, cytoplasm and cell membrane morphology were assessed as evidence of the combined effectiveness of fixative and fixation temperature. Morphology was scored using a four-point grading scale with 1 being poor and 4 being excellent.
Results: Nuclear, cytoplasm and cell membrane morphology were excellently preserved in tissue fixed with phosphate-buffered 10% formalin (pH 7.2) at 45oC. Tissue fixed with 10% formalin at 35oC exhibited excellent nuclear and cell membrane morphology, while excellent preservation of cell membrane morphology were observed in tissues fixed with 10% formalin at 40oC, phosphate-buffered 10% formalin (pH 7.4) at 55oC and 60oC, (pH 7.6) at 50oC and 55oC and (pH 7.8) at 55oC respectively. Furthermore, excellent preservation of nuclear morphology was observed in tissue fixed with phosphate-buffered 10% formalin (pH 7.8) at 60oC.
Conclusion: Phosphate-buffered 10% formalin at a temperature of 45oC and pH 7.2 provide an excellent formalin-based fixative and fixation temperature that adequately preserves the microanatomy of tissue for histopathology examination.
Prevalence and Characterization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Meat Retail Shops and Meat Handlers in the Buea Municipality, Cameroon
Authors: Nkie Esemu Seraphine , Ahmadou Yaya Fondzenyuy , Nkengum Wandah Peterson , Kaah Keneh Nene , Kfusi Jerome Achah , Smith Stella Ifeanyi , Ndip Lucy Mande , Ndip Roland Ndip 
Published: January 2022

Aim: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a notorious multidrug-resistant biovar of S. aureus associated with infections that result in high morbidity and mortality in humans and animals. Its persistence in both host and non-host environments adds a major ecological dimension to the problem, thereby making it a one health challenge. This study determined the prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of MRSA from meat retail shops and meat handlers in the Buea municipality in addition to basic hygiene practices implemented in the meat retail shops.
Study Design: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 260 samples (comprising 52 swabs each from weighing balances, butchering slabs, cutting knives, hands of meat handlers and meat samples) were randomly obtained and subjected to microbiological analysis. Data on sociodemographic characteristics of meat handlers and basic hygiene practices were captured in a questionnaire.
Methodology: After enrichment, each sample was inoculated on mannitol salt agar and DNA extracted from presumptive S. aureus isolates for detection of the nuc gene. MRSA was identified by oxacillin disk diffusion and confirmed by amplification of the mecA gene. All MRSA isolates were challenged with 10 commonly used antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results: A total of 27 MRSA isolates were recovered from hand swabs (5.8%), meat (15.4%), knives swabs (21.2%) and butchering slabs (9.6%). All (100%) MRSA were resistant to ampicillin and cefepime followed by ofloxacin (92.6%), ciprofloxacin (81.5%) and vancomycin (37%). High susceptibility was observed for gentamicin (100%) and amikacin (100%). All isolates were multidrug-resistant and comprised 11 antibiotypes. Most meat handlers (71.2%) did not have basic meat safety training, while 90.4% of the meat retail shops did not have a nearby water source.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that meat retail shops could be a potential reservoir of MRSA in the environment and meat handlers need more basic meat safety training.
Heavy Metals Contamination and Human Health Risk Asssessment Via Consumption of Medicinal Plants from Amassoma Community, Bayelsa State of Nigeria
Authors: Assayomo Ebimobowei , Patrick Solomon Brepi , Ajimmy Ruth Angobrakumor , Odikeme Eyidenghabofa David , Ogbo Ahiakwo Bright 
Published: January 2022

Aims: Man-made activities such as excessive oil exploration, automobile emissions, gas flaring and agricultural activities tend to elevate the concentrations of heavy metals in the surrounding. Heavy metals have the tendency to accumulate in plant roots, which may result to heavy metal contamination.
Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the concentration of heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel and Zinc (Zn) in Pawpaw fruits, seeds, leaf and Scent leaf from Amosoma community in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The concentrations of these metals were used to assess the human health risk melted to the consumers of the vegetables and fruits.
Materials and Methods: Sixteen different vegetables and fruit samples comprising of Pawpaw and Scent leaves were digested and analyzed for heavy metals using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (F-AAS).
Results: The result of the present study reviewed that Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn ranged from 1.090 ± 0.01 - 5.990 ± 0.06; 0.213 ± 0.03 - 1.317 ± 0.02; 2.810 ± 0.04 - 4.767 ± 0.09; and 0.793 ± 0.01 -5.303 ± 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ni in some of the analyzed pawpaw and scent leaf samples exceeded the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO, EC/CODEX and NAFDAC respectively. The concentrations of Zn were below the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd exceeded the oral reference dose (RfDo) however; Ni and Zn fall within the oral RfDo. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values of Pb, Cd, Ni and Zn were less than 1. The Carcinogenic Risk (CR) of Cd and Ni exceeded the range of permissible predicted lifetime risks for carcinogens as recommended by US EPA, meanwhile, the carcinogenic risk of Pb was within the permissible predicted lifetime risks as recommended by USEPA.
Conclusion: The result from the present study indicate that the fruits and leaves from pawpaw and scent leaf may be contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Ni and the exposed population may be at risk of developing cancer due to carcinogenic ingestion of Cd and Ni over time.
Autoimmune Disease and Chronic Illness in KSA (Cross Sectional Study)
Authors: Balbaid Eman AbdulAziz , Alarnaouti Miasser Mustafa , Abousada Hoda Jehad , Albloshi Sahar Abdulhaq , AlAhmar Salma Ali , Almohammadi Sarah Salem , Alzahrani Hanan Misfer , AlAbdali Aisha Zaher , AlHarbi Abdulaziz Abdullah , Asiri Abdulelah Ali , Bukhari Mohammed Abed , Aljohani Ziyad Sultan , Sabrah Gaith Abdullah , Alshaalan Mosaab Mansour , Yousef Mawaddah Kamal 
Published: January 2022

Background: The shortage of prevalence data based on a representative sample of the general population, as well as the small number of disorders covered in co-morbidity studies, are major issues in autoimmune disease research. In this study, the incidence of autoimmune illnesses in a representative sample of Saudi Arabia's general population is documented, and the hypothesis of an overall relationship between these diseases is explored.
Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study to spot light on the prevalence of autoimmune disease among Saudi population. Since the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune disease and their relationship with chronic illnesses among Saudi, this is the suitable design for this research. The study was carried out among Saudi population. Data were collected from general population using questionnaire. Participants were chosen via probability simple random sampling technique. Participants were selected from the general population. The expected number of sample size was 700 participants. However, the study included 802 participants.
Results: The study included the participation of 802 participants from both genders and different age groups in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. There were 436 female participants (54.4%) and 366 males (45.6%) took place in this study. The most prevalent age group was 45-54 years (n= 232, 28.9%). There were 199 participants reported having a family history of autoimmune diseases (24.8%). Furthermore, there were 186 participants who are using medications for high cholesterol level (23.2%) with no significant for gender (P= 0.08). Diabetes was prevalent among 203 participants (25.3%), blood pressure disorder (n= 211, 26.3%), ulcerative colitis (n= 137, 17.1%) and other comorbid conditions.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this survey confirm relatively high prevalence of autoimmune disease among Saudi population. In addition, participants suffered from additionally comorbid conditions.
Metallurgy, Greece and Rome
Authors: REHREN THILO 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The practice of metallurgy, that is the smelting of ore to metal and the manufacture of metal objects, underpinned much of Greek and Roman economic and cultural activity. Copper, tin, and lead were widely used for tools, decorative, and monetary purposes. Gold and silver were mostly used for coinage, jewelry, and tableware. Particularly during the Roman period, iron and steel were the most commonly used metals for tools and nails, and a wide range of weapons. The principles of metallurgical activity remained broadly the same from the Greek to the Roman periods, while the practical implementation and scale of operation increased significantly during this period.
Geta (Publius Septimius Geta Augustus)
Authors: Imrie Alex 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Publius Septimius Geta (189–211
ce
) ruled the empire alongside his father, Septimius Severus, and older brother, Caracalla, from 209 to 211. Much of his life was characterized by a fierce rivalry with Caracalla, which resulted in Geta's murder in December 211.
Clinical Academic Rheumatology: A Boon for Health Systems
Authors: D'Anna Kathleena M. , Lynch Carlos Silva , Cabling Marven , Torralba Karina D. , Downey Christina 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveFinding a balance between clinical and scholarly productivity is a challenge for many academic clinician‐educator rheumatologists. An examination of workload and downstream revenue determines if the financial value generated by services rendered by rheumatologists are proportionate to the financial value created for a health system. A 2005 study found that academic rheumatologists generate $10.02 for every $1.00 they receive for an office visit.MethodsA retrospective analysis of ordering and billing practices of 5 full‐time clinician‐educator rheumatologists from August 2017 to February 2019 was conducted. Individual workload is defined as averaged full‐time equivalent workload based on time spent on clinical and academic duties. Academic productivity was reviewed. Revenue‐generating activities that benefited the division directly and downstream revenue were collected. Revenue was extrapolated based on volumes of referrals, publicly available drug costs, and estimated Medicare reimbursement values (average sales price) of representative drugs.ResultsThe total revenue by physician that benefited the division directly was $597,203, with evaluation and management codes accounting for $174,456. Downstream revenue by physician totaled $2,119,437. The largest contributor was from referrals to the hospital‐based infusion center, at $1,287,496. The downstream revenue generated by rheumatologist per dollar of evaluation and management services was found to be $12.14 ($9.37 in 2005 dollars).ConclusionFor every $1 generated though office visits by 5 practicing academic rheumatologists at our institution, $12.14 was generated through downstream revenue, which, when adjusted for inflation, shows stability in the value generated by academic rheumatologists ($10.02 versus $9.37).
Designing Artificial Fluorescent Proteins: Squaraine‐LmrR Biophosphors for High Performance Deep‐Red Biohybrid Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ferrara Sara , Mejias Sara H. , Liutkus Mantas , Renno Giacomo , Stella Francesca , Kociolek Irene , Fuenzalida‐Werner Juan Pablo , Barolo Claudia , Coto Pedro B. , Cortajarena Aitziber L. , Costa Rubén D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBiophosphors with fluorescent proteins (FPs) are promising candidates to replace rare‐earth color down‐converting filters for white light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). There is, however, a lack of deep‐red FPs meeting high photostabilities, photoluminescence quantum yields (ϕ), and throughput expression yields. Herein, a new approach for the design of highly emissive and stable deep‐red biophosphors combining an artificial FP (Lactococcal multidrug resistance Regulator (LmrR) as protein host and an archetypal red‐emitting squaraine (S) as guest) with a polymer network is demonstrated toward high performing deep‐red biohybrid LEDs (Bio‐HLEDs). At first, the best protein pocket (aromaticity, polarity, charge, etc.) to stabilize S in water is determined using four LmrR variants (position 96 with tryptophan, histidine, phenylalanine, and alanine). Computational and time‐resolved spectroscopic findings suggest that the tryptophan is instrumental toward achieving artificial red‐emitting FPs with ϕ > 50% stable over weeks. These features are further enhanced in the polymer coating (ϕ > 65% stable over months) without affecting emission color. Finally, deep‐red Bio‐HLEDs are fabricated featuring external quantum efficiencies of 7% and stabilities of ≈800 h. This represents threefold enhancement compared to reference devices with S‐polymer color filters. Overall, this work highlights a new design for highly emissive deep‐red biophosphors, achieving record performance in deep‐red protein‐LEDs.
Micro‐Redoxcapacitor: A Hybrid Architecture Out of the Notorious Energy‐Power Density Dilemma
Authors: Cao Zhiqian , Hu Haibo , Ho Derek 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInsufficient areal energy density along with unstable delivery, resulting from a linearly sloped time‐voltage response rooting in redox‐free/surface‐redox operating mechanisms severely restricts the application scenarios of micro‐supercapacitors. Herein, by coupling silver nanowires (AgNWs) between MXene interlayers with the help of bacterial cellulose (BC) as bio‐dispersant toward MXene/AgNWs&BC hybrid cathode to pair with Zn anode, a novel Zn2+‐Cl− dual‐ions micro‐redox capacitor (MRC) employing polyacrylamide/ZnCl2 + NH4Cl hydrogel electrolyte is first present. The introduced AgNWs nanopillars alleviate the MXene nanosheets restacking to facilitate Cl− transfer kinetics, and concurrently strengthen the charge storage capacity and output stability benefiting from a flat discharge plateau stemming from the extra phase transition behavior (Ag⇔AgCl). Thus, an appealing dual energy storage mechanism, featuring i) expedited Cl− diffusion involved de/intercalation and ii) reversible solid‐to‐solid conversion of Ag/AgCl redox couple confined between MXene interlayers, is established and revealed by in situ XRD/Raman analyses. Consequently, remarkably boosted areal energy density up to 227 μWh cm−2 along with significantly improved output stability and suppressed notorious self‐discharge behavior, are achieved in the resultant MRC. This work provides a brand new strategy for designing innovative MXene‐based MRC featuring a hybrid charge storage mechanism of ions‐intercalation and phase conversion to simultaneously realize high and steady energy output.
Electrochemical Biosensors Employing Hybridization Chain Reaction: From Structural Design to Applications
Authors: Li Hongxing , Li Xun , Li Shaoguang , Shang Zhiwei , Li Hui , Xia Fan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElectrochemical biosensors are one of the most emerging sensor technologies for many applications including disease diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety, etc. They often rely on amplification strategies to achieve ultrasensitivity for the specific analytes of interest, as they feature extremely low abundance, such as ctDNA and other protein‐type cancer biomarkers. Among all the amplification strategies, hybridization chain reaction (HCR) is extremely cost‐effective, simple, enzyme‐free, and reacts under isothermal conditions, thus often employed in the electrochemical biosensors towards the goal of sensitivity enhancement. By coupling HCR and electrochemistry, it has proved to benefit a great variety of analytes, including ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, and cells, etc. Given the recent advance of HCR‐amplified electrochemical biosensors, here one aims to review the significant achievements of this platform over the past 10 years, covering their design in HCR constructs in response to the respective targets, and their challenges and opportunities.
Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Based on Ternary Blends Including a Fluorinated Polymer for Achieving Enhanced Device Stability
Authors: Tamayo Adrián , Salzillo Tommaso , Mas‐Torrent Marta 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe stability of organic semiconductors (OSCs) is strongly hampered by the presence of water molecules. One approach that has been proved to lead to organic field‐effect transistors with an enhanced performance is the use of blends of OSCs with insulating binding polymers. In this work, the fabrication of OSC thin films based on polymeric ternary blends including a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer is reported as a novel route to engineer long‐term reliable organic field‐effect transistors (OFET) devices. In particular, OFETs based on blends of bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS) with polystyrene (PS) and poly(pentafluorostyrene) (PFS) are explored. The PS:PFS ratio is tuned in order to find the optimum formulation. It is shown that films including 20% of PFS in the polymeric blend exhibit an improved device performance, which is reflected by a low bias stress and an exceptional environmental stability, without significantly hampering the OFET mobility. This work advocates that adding a small percentage of fluorinated polymers in OSC blends is a promising route to realize more reliable and stable devices without importantly compromising the device mobility.
Hydroxy‐Group‐Enriched In2O3 Facilitates CO2 Electroreduction to Formate at Large Current Densities
Authors: Liu Zhengzheng , Lv Ximeng , Zhang Junbo , Guan Anxiang , Yang Chao , Yan Shuai , Chen Yangshen , Liu Kunhao , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe development of catalysts and electrochemical systems for CO2 electroreduction has achieved substantial progress recently, while the long‐time operation of electrolyzing CO2 to formate with high activity and selectivity remains as a major challenge, due to the continuous carbonate precipitation at elevated pHs. Herein, hexagonal phase In2O3 (h‐In2O3) is demonstrated with a monodispersed porous nanosphere structure that can serve as an efficient electrocatalyst for converting CO2 to formate, with a peak Faradaic efficiency of 98%, high partial current densities for producing formate, and outstanding electrochemical stability, substantially exceeding cubic phase In2O3 and most of the previously reported electrocatalysts. Both experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the excellent activity and stability are attributed to the enhanced adsorption and activation of CO2 on the h‐In2O3 surface, and the rich surface hydroxyl groups further facilitate the inhibition of carbonate formation. This work suggests attractive features of the phase engineering to modulate surface hydroxyl groups for efficient and robust catalysts for CO2 electroreduction.