bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pomegranate seed extract enhances the inhibitory effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on breast cancer cell line in co-culture conditions
Authors: Moradi-Gharibvand Nahid , Setayeshmehr Mohsen , Kazemi Mohammad , Safaee Azadeh , Khorsandi Laya Sadat , Nejad Darioush Bijan , Hasheminia Seyed Javad , Hashemibeni Batool 
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose:
Pomegranate seed extract (PSE) possesses anticancer activities and healing effects. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are being considered a new candidate for cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PSE on the cell cycle and apoptosis of the MCF-7 cell line in the co-culture condition with ADSCs.

Experimental approach:
MCF-7 and ADSC cells (ratio 1/1) were cultured in a transwell plate with and without PSE (PSE-co-culture and co-culture groups). MCF-7 cells were cultured in monolayer without and with PSE (mono-culture and PSE-mono-culture groups). MCF-7 cell line was harvested on day 5 and cell viability, apoptotic activity, cell cycle, and gene expression were evaluated.

Findings / Results:
The results of the MTT assay indicated that PSE at 100 μg/mL has the highest cytotoxicity on the MCF-7 in the PSE-co-culture group. The cell cycle analysis revealed that ADSCs in combination with PSE significantly increased the population of MCF-7 cells in the G1 phase, resulting in the arrest of MCF-7 cells cycle in the G0/G1 transition. In addition, the most apoptotic MCF-7 cells (41.5%) were detected in the same group. Expression of BAX and caspase3 genes were upregulated while anti-apoptotic (BCL-2) and angiogenesis inducer (VEGF) genes were downregulated in the PSE-co-culture group compared with the other groups.

Conclusion and implications:
ADSCs reduced cell viability and proliferation of MCF-7 cells in co-culture conditions and adding PSE to the medium increased the apoptosis of cancer cells. This study suggests that ADSCs with PSE can suppress tumor cells.
Anti-nociceptive effect of black seed oil on an animal model of chronic constriction injury
Authors: Talaei Sayyed Alireza , Banafshe Hamid Reza , Moravveji Alireza , Shabani Mohammad , Tehrani Shiva Shirazi , Abed Alireza 
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose:
Traditionally, Nigella sativa L. has been known as a medical intervention to treat numerous diseases. This study aimed at investigating the antihyperalgesic effect of black seed oil (BSO) in an experimental model of neuropathic pain.

Experimental approach:
Chronic constriction injury (CCI) was performed under anesthesia. The sciatic nerve was ligated with four loose ties. Two separate protocols were used to administer BSO. In chronic treatment, rats were given daily doses of BSO (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) from the 1st day until the 21st post-CCI day. While, in acute treatment, BSO (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) was administered only on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days. CCI and sham groups were given almond oil according to the same schedule. Behavioral scores were determined by evaluation of the paw withdrawal in the plantar, Von Frey, and acetone tests, on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days.

Findings/Results:
Our results showed that CCI leads to significant allodynia and hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral paw after surgery. Chronic administration of BSO (500 and 1000 mg/kg) obviously attenuated heat hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. However, daily administration of BSO did not alter cold allodynia. Nevertheless, when BSO was administered, 30 min before the pain assessment tests, hypersensitivity was not improved in the treated animals.

Conclusion and implications:
These results demonstrated BSO can inhibit neuropathic pain progression and suggests a potential use of BSO to manage hyperalgesia and allodynia. However, additional research is necessary to approve BSO effectiveness, in neuropathic pain conditions.
Design of two immunotoxins based rovalpituzumab antibody against DLL3 receptor; a promising potential opportunity
Authors: Ataee Mohammad Hossein , Mirhosseini Seyed Ali , Mirnejad Reza , Rezaie Ehsan , Hosseini Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh , Amani Jafar 
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose:
The lack of a new effective treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an unresolved problem. Due to the new identification of delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) and its high expression in SCLC patients, the use of DLL3 in target therapy can be effective. The use of bacterial toxins belonging to the ADP-ribosyl transferase toxins family and human enzymes to remove cancerous cells has been effective in the structure of immunotoxins. In this study, single-chain fragment variable of rovalpituzumab antibody fused to granzyme B (Rova-GrB) and PltA of typhoid toxin (Rova-Typh) as immunotoxins were designed, and bioinformatics analysis was done.

Experimental approach:

In silico analysis including the physicochemical properties, evaluation of the secondary and tertiary structure, refinement and validation of 3D models, and docking were performed. Immunotoxin genes were cloned and expressed in the Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) host, purified, subsequently confirmed by western blotting and their secondary structure was evaluated by the circular dichroism method.

Findings/Results:
The bioinformatics analysis showed that Rova-GrB and Rova-Typh had hydrophilic properties, their codon optimization parameters were standard, validation parameters were improved after immunotoxin refinement, and docking analysis showed that the binding domain of immunotoxins could bind the N-terminal region of DLL3. immunotoxins had high expression and after purification under denaturing condition by Ni-NTA column, the immunotoxins were dialyzed against PBS buffer.

Conclusion and implications:
The immunotoxins had the right structure and can be produced in a prokaryotic host. The recombinant immunotoxins against DLL3 can be promising therapeutic agents for SCLC cancer.
A pilot study of intraoperative intercostal nerve block during uniportal thoracoscopic wedge resection of the lung
Authors: Kang Do Kyun , Kang Min Kyun 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:
Uniportal thoracoscopic surgery has been reported to result in alleviating the postoperative pain when compared with traditional video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). However, postoperative pain is still the main concerns associated with thoracic surgeries. The objective of this study is to evaluate the postoperative pain of patients undergoing uniportal VATS, especially wedge resection, with the use of intraoperative intercostal nerve block.

METHODS:
All consecutive patients undergoing the uniportal VATS wedge resection between January 2019 and March 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Twenty consecutive patients in Group A underwent the uniportal VATS wedge resection without intraoperative intercostal nerve block. The other 20 consecutive patients in Group B underwent the uniportal VATS wedge resection with intraoperative intercostal nerve block. The numeric pain rating scale (NRS) scores were recorded at 1, 12, and 24 h, postoperatively. The number of opioid consumption was also recorded until the time to chest tube removal.

RESULTS:
There was no difference between groups with regard to sex, age, chest tube duration, length of stay, operative time, laterality time, and diagnosis. There was a significant difference in postoperative NRS scores at 1 h (P = 0.001) and 12 h (P = 0.022) between the groups. The opioid consumption was significantly in Group B lower than those in Group A (P = 0.025).

CONCLUSION:
The intraoperative intercostal nerve block with bupivacaine provided immediate postoperative pain relief with reducing the postoperative opioid consumption compared in patients who underwent uniportal VATS, especially wedge resection of the lung.
Continuous positive airway pressure therapy suppresses inflammatory cytokines and improves glucocorticoid responsiveness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and asthma
Authors: Mahboub Bassam , Kharaba Zelal , Ramakrishnan Rakhee K. , Sharif Askari Narjes Saheb , Salameh Laila Ibraheem , Alhariri Hassan Saber , Vats Mayank G. , Erabia Wafa Taleb , Alshawamreh Esra’a Mohammad , Alfoteih Yassen , Mogas Andrea K. , Halwani Rabih , Hamid Qutayba 
Published: July 2022

CONTEXT:
Asthma and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are prevalent respiratory disorders that frequently coexist. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the standard treatment for OSA. However, its effects on systemic inflammation and glucocorticoid responsiveness in OSA patients with asthma are largely unknown.

AIMS:
To examine the potential role of CPAP therapy in reducing systemic inflammation and improving glucocorticoid responsiveness in asthmatic patients with OSA.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
A case–control study was conducted at the respiratory and sleep clinics involving patients with OSA and patients with asthma and OSA.

METHODS:
The levels of inflammatory asthma biomarkers (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-17A, IL-8, IL-2, and interferon-γ [IFN-γ]), and glucocorticoid receptors (GR)-α and GR-β, were determined to compare systemic inflammation and glucocorticoid responsiveness between pre- and post-1-month CPAP treatment in both groups.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare inflammatory biomarkers before and after CPAP therapy. P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The analysis was performed using SPSS.

RESULTS:
Recruited patients (n = 47), 51% (n = 24) had OSA and 49% (n = 23), had OSA with asthma. Interestingly, the blood levels of IL-17 and IL-8 were significantly decreased post-CPAP therapy in OSA patients, whereas IL-4, IL-17, and IFN-γ were significantly reduced post-CPAP treatment in OSA patients with asthma. Remarkably, CPAP therapy improved glucocorticoid responsiveness in asthmatic patients with OSA, but not in the OSA group and an increase in the GR-α/GR-β ratio was noted post-CPAP therapy.

CONCLUSIONS:
Continuous positive airway pressure therapy improved responsiveness to glucocorticoid treatment and demonstrated a suppressive effect on proinflammatory cytokines in asthmatics with OSA.
Comparison of radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy with distance measurement versus with guide sheath in diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions with a diameter ≥3 cm by thin bronchoscope
Authors: Guan Shuhong , Zhou Jun , Zhang Qiudi , Xu Qianqian , Xu Xiong , Zhang Sujuan 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE:
This study aims to explore the diagnostic values of radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy with distance (rEBUS-D-TBLB) measurement and with guide sheath (rEBUS-GS-TBLB) for peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) with a diameter ≥3 cm by thin bronchoscope.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Six hundred and three patients with PPL (diameter ≥3 cm) were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into the rEBUS-D-TBLB and rEBUS-GS-TBLB groups by the random number table method. Patients were assigned to undergo rEBUS-D-TBLB or rEBUS-GS-TBLB, respectively. The histopathology, positive diagnosis rates, duration of the procedure, and postoperative adverse effects between the two groups were examined.

RESULTS:
A total of 569 patients were included in this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 282 cases in the rEBUS-D-TBLB group and 287 cases in the rEBUS-GS-TBLB group. For malignant diseases, the positive diagnosis rates of PPL in the outer/inner-middle lung bands and the right-upper/-lower lung lobes by rEBUS-D-TBLB were noninferior to those of rEBUS-GS-TBLB. The duration of the procedure of rEBUS-D-TBLB was longer than that of rEBUS-GS-TBLB. There were 14 cases of hemorrhage >50 mL, 1 case of postoperative chest pain in the rEBUS-D-TBLB group, and 3 cases of hemorrhage >50 mL in the rEBUS-GS-TBLB group.

CONCLUSION:
REBUS-D-TBLB by thin bronchoscope has a high diagnostic value for PPL with a diameter ≥3 cm, which may be considered a useful alternative for rEBUS-GS-TBLB in the clinic.
Correlation between changes in corneal asphericity and progression of keratoconus in children
Authors: Tabl Ahmed A. , Elsayed Mohamed A. , Tabl Marwa A. 
Published: July 2022

Clinical relevance
Early detection of keratoconus (KC) progression and timing for retreatment.

Background

Q value (coefficient of corneal asphericity) reflects the shape of the cornea, its refractive power, and spherical aberration. In this study, we aimed to analyze the correlation between changes in Q value and progression of KC in children.

Patients and methods
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, clinical data of 18 eyes of nine children that were diagnosed as bilateral progressive KC (four boys, five girls: mean age of 11.3±1.6 years) were extracted from a Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam) for analysis before (baseline) and annually after bilateral transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking (TE-CXL) up to 5 years of follow-up.

Results
At all follow-up visits up to 5 years, Kmax improved significantly (mean change at 5 years was 1.6 D) (P<0.001); uncorrected visual acuity and best-corrected visual acuity showed significant changes at all follow-up visits (P<0.001). In seven (38.8%) eyes, KC had progressed by more than 1.0 D by the last follow-up visit, despite corneal cross-linking. In the last visit, there was a significant negative correlation between mean Q value and Kmax in both 6 and 8 mm anterior corneal zones (Pearson correlation coefficient, r=−0.847, P<0.001, r=−0.605, P<0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
There is significant negative correlations between changes in corneal asphericity and progression of KC in children, which could be considered with other parameters in early detection of disease progression and timing for retreatment after transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking.
Graded recession technique versus myectomy in management of inferior oblique muscle overaction
Authors: Gaballah Karim 
Published: July 2022

Aim
The aim of this study was to compare two surgical techniques of inferior oblique muscle weakening in the management of inferior oblique overaction whether primary or secondary, that is, inferior oblique myectomy and graded inferior oblique muscle recession.

Patients and methods
This is a randomized prospective study, performed in Alexandria, Egypt, that included cases of inferior oblique muscle overaction, whether primary or secondary, starting on May 2020. It included 40 patients, divided into two groups: group I included 20 patients who were managed by inferior oblique myectomy, and group II included 20 patients who were managed by graded inferior oblique muscle recession, according to the clinical grading of overaction.

Results
The results of the two groups were compared, and it was found that the results were comparable as the final outcomes of correction of hypertropia were satisfactory in both groups.

Conclusion
As the results in both techniques have no significant difference, it is recommended that each surgeon should perform his/her preferred technique.
Evaluation of long-term outcomes of simultaneous corneal collagen cross-linking and femtosecond laser-assisted intracorneal ring segment implantation for keratoconus
Authors: Elbassiouny Khaled A. M. , Hafez Tarek A. , Osman Ihab A. , Elmassry Ahmed A. 
Published: July 2022

Background
Intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation in combination with corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) has shown promising results in improving the visual acuity and reducing refractive errors, but long-term results are lacking.

Aim
To evaluate the long-term outcomes (>5 years) of simultaneous CXL and femtosecond laser-assisted intracorneal stromal ring segment implantation for management of keratoconus.

Design
This was a noncomparative, noncontrolled retrospective single-center study.

Patients and methods
The study included 50 eyes of 37 patients with keratoconus who underwent simultaneous CXL and ICRS implantation and were followed up for at least 5 years regarding visual acuity, refraction, and corneal imaging.

Results
Best-corrected visual acuity showed statistically significant improvement, with mean changed from 1.07±0.41 to 0.40±0.30 LogMAR. The results showed significant improvement also after 5 years. The spherical equivalent also was significantly improved from a mean of −4.61±4.37 D to a mean of −1.41±−1.49 D. Keratometric readings also showed improvement of both K1 and K2. The mean K1 improved from a mean of 49.6±6.76–47.78±6.17 D, and the mean K2 improved from 55.04±7.34 to 52.67±7.38. The results were stable, with no statistically significant change after 5 years.

Conclusions
Simultaneous CXL and femtosecond laser-assisted ICRS is effective and stable for both visual outcome and refraction in patients with keratoconus.
B2 puncture with forward-viewing EUS simplifies EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (with video)
Authors: Okuno Nozomi , Hara Kazuo , Mizuno Nobumasa , Haba Shin , Kuwahara Takamichi , Kuraishi Yasuhiro , Tajika Masahiro , Tanaka Tsutomu , Onishi Sachiyo , Yamada Keisaku , Fumihara Daiki , Yanaidani Takafumi , Ishikawa Sho , Yamada Masanori , Yasuda Tsukasa , Elshair Moaz 
Published: July 2022

Background and Objectives:
EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) is in widespread use; however, there are few dedicated devices. The B2 route is technically easier than the B3 route for guidewire insertion, dilation, and stenting but if performed with conventional oblique-viewing (OV) EUS, B2 puncture can cause transesophageal puncture and severe adverse events. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of forward-viewing (FV) EUS, which we have developed to improve safety for B2 puncture in EUS-HGS (B2-EUS-HGS).

Patients and Methods:
This single-center retrospective study included 61 consecutive patients who underwent B2-EUS-HGS with FV between February 2020 and March 2021 at Aichi Cancer Center, Japan. The patients were prospectively enrolled, and clinical data were retrospectively collected for these 61 cases.

Results:
The overall technical success rate of EUS-HGS was 98.3% (60/61). The rate of EUS-HGS with FV was 95.0% (58/61) after three cases converted to OV, and that of B2-EUS-HGS with FV was 88.5% (54/61). The early adverse event rate was 6.5% (4/61). There were no instances of transesophageal puncture. Median procedure time was 24 min (range, 8–70), and no patient required cautery dilation.

Conclusions:
B2-EUS-HGS can be performed safely using FV, without transesophageal puncture, and supportability of the device is improved as FV is coaxial with the guidewire. FV was efficacious in B2-EUS-HGS, which shows promise for clinical application in the future.
Ex vivo Measurement of the Radioactivity of PET/CT-Guided Biopsy Specimen
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Kumar Rajender , Rana Nivedita , Krishnaraju Venkata Subramanian , Mittal Bhagwant Rai 
Published: July 2022

Objective:

Ex vivo radioactivity measurement of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT)-guided biopsy tissue specimen to check the viable tumor sampling and predict the nature of the biopsied lesion.

Materials and Methods:
We prospectively evaluated the retrieved tissue specimens during PET/CT-guided biopsies for the presence of radioactivity. The qualitative radioactivity was measured by acquiring PET/CT images of the specimen. For quantitative analysis, a multichannel-analyzer (MCA) was used, and a counting-factor (CF) in counts/mCi.mm3 was calculated based on background-corrected net-counts, tissue-volume (mm3), and exponential tracer-activity during biopsy (mCi). The CF-values were compared with the 2-(fluorine-18) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-avidity in the target lesion and correlated with the histopathology.

Results:
A total of 49 patients (30 males) aged 51.8 ± 17.8 years were recruited for the biopsy, and radioactivity was measured. All the specimens revealed the presence of radioactivity on PET/CT images of the specimens and MCA counting. The mean CF-values were 17.2 ± 15.6 counts/mCi.mm3. One sample had meager counts with a CF-value of 0.162 and was subjected to re-biopsy after repositioning the coaxial needle to the hypermetabolic site. Pathological diagnosis was established in all the patients (malignancy-29, benign-20). The CF-values were significantly higher in malignant lesions than benign (21.45 ± 18.05 vs. 10.76 ± 8.96 counts/mCi.mm3, P = 0.025). CF-values and maximum standardized uptake value had a significant correlation (Pearson's r = 0.457, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
The ex vivo measurement of the radioactivity of retrieved tissue specimens during PET/CT-guided biopsy helps to confirm the sampling from viable region and a highly practical approach to avoid erroneous sampling of a lesion with a large necrotic area. It is also helpful in predicting the nature of the biopsied lesion before the histopathological analysis.
Potential Efficacy of Ocimum sanctum Hydro-Alcoholic Leaf Extract as an Adjuvant Role with Phenobarbital
Authors: Shrivastava Aman , Kumar Gupta Jeetendra , Kumar Goyal Manoj 
Published: July 2022

Aim:In Ayurveda, variousOcimumspecies have therapeutic potential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of some antiepileptic drugs in epilepsy.O. sanctumhas two flavonoid compounds that are orientin and vicenin, and both are responsible for their anti-seizure properties in epilepsy.Material and Methods:The ultraviolet spectroscopy instrument was used to detect the absorbance of light by the active constituent present in the herbal extract at various concentrations. A turbidity meter was used to detect the amount of turbidity in the sample. Phenobarbital (PB 40 mg/kg, per oral [p.o.]) andO. sanctumhydroalcoholic leaf extract (OSHE 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered every other day for 2 weeks in which two acute models, maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), models of epilepsy were used.Result:The outcome result data were statistically compared and showed Tukey testP< 0.05 of significant anticonvulsive activity as compared to control and standard (phenobarbitone).Conclusion:We have investigated the anti-seizure activity of PB with hydroalcoholic leaves extract ofO. sanctumL. by using the electrically maximal electroshock seizure and chemically (PTZ) induced convulsion acute models of epilepsy on mice. As per the histopathological study, photomicrographs (×40) of mice brain tissue showed no neuronal degenerations or focal microglia sensitivities in OSHE + PB treated group. We concluded that the standard drug exhibits a synergistic effect with OSHE for the treatment of acute seizures in mice.
Multimodal minimally invasive management of retained impacted denture in duodenum
Authors: Veetil Deepa Kizhakke , Wadhawan Randeep , Verma Naveen Kumar , Gupta Muneendra , Tanai Shamsu Rehman 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Accidental ingestion of dentures can lead to certain life-threatening complications. Duodenal impaction is particularly a challenging situation. Minimally invasive procedures can help when done as a combined approach.

Our Modification:
Endoscopy is the first-line management of retained foreign bodies. However, in difficult locations, a combined endoscopy and laparoscopy can help prevent complications and associated morbidity and improve outcome for the patient.

Benefit:
Decreased post-operative morbidity and better outcome for the patient.