bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Among-family variations of direct measurement values for chemical and pulp properties in 4-year-old Eucalyptus camaldulensis half-sib families in Thailand
Authors: Mboumba Ulrich Christopher Moussavou , Tanaka Yudai , Nezu Ikumi , Ishiguri Futoshi , Diloksumpun Sapit , Tanabe Jun , Ohshima Jyunich , Iizuka Kazuya , Yokota Shinso 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Amounts of wood chemical components (organic solvent extracts, Klason lignin, and holocellulose) and kraft pulp characteristics (yield and kappa number) were directly determined for 32 trees from eight half-sib Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. families in second generation of elite trees selected in Thailand. The mean values of all trees were 1.4 % for organic solvent extracts, 21.3 % for Klason lignin, 86.1 % for holocellulose, 44.4 % for kraft pulp yield, and 7.2 for kappa number, respectively. While repeatability values of growth traits and basic density were moderate to high (0.18 to 0.51), those in wood chemical components and kraft pulp characteristics showed quite low values (less than 0.10). No correlation coefficients were found between measured traits, except between stem diameter and tree height. Thus, it is concluded that selection of E. camaldulensis families with superior growth traits is suitable for production of raw material of pulp and paper in respect to quantity and quality of wood.
Recyclable magnetically retrievable nanocatalysts for C–heteroatom bond formation reactions
Authors: Dutta Sriparna , Kumar Prashant , Yadav Sneha , Dixit Ranjana , Sharma Rakesh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
During recent years, magnetic separation has proven to be a highly indispensable and sustainable tool for facile separation of catalysts from the reaction medium with the aid of only an external magnetic force that precludes the requirement of energy intensive, solvent based centrifugation or filtration techniques. Extensive research in the area of catalysis has clearly divulged that while designing any catalyst, the foremost features that need to be paid due attention to include high activity, ready recoverability and good reusability. Fortunately, the magnetic nanocatalysts involving a superparamagnetic core material that could comprise of iron oxides such as magnetite, maghemite or hematite or mixed ferrites (CoFe2O4, CuFe2O4) have offered bright prospects of designing the ideal catalysts by proving their efficacy as strong support material that could be further engineered with various tools of nanotechnology and efficiently catalyze various C–heterobond formation reactions. This chapter provides succinct overview of all the approaches utilized for fabricating different types of magnetic nanoparticles and strategies adopted for imparting them durability. The prime forte however remains to exclusively showcase the applications of the various types of magnetic nanocatalysts in C–O, C–N, C–S and miscellaneous (C–Se, C–Te) bond formation reactions which are anticipated to benefit the synthetic community on a broad spectrum by helping them rationalize and analyze the key features that need to be taken into account, while developing these magical nanostructured catalytic systems for boosting the green bond formation reactions/transformations.
Downregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 genes in obesity patients and their relation with obesity-related phenotypes
Authors: Aksoyer Sezgin Saadet Busra , Bayoglu Burcu , Ersoz Feyzullah , Sarici Murat , Niyazoglu Mutlu , Dirican Ahmet , Cengiz Müjgan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Adipose tissue mediates various bioactive molecules and cytokine discharge. The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-10 (IL-10), has roles in systemic inflammation. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases implicating in tissue remodeling, and extracellular matrix degradation. Interleukins and MMPs may have specific roles in obesity development. In this investigation, we marked the roles of IL-10, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in obesity and its related clinical phenotypes.

Methods
Using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), also ELISA, IL-10, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels were detected respectively in the subcutaneous adipose tissues of 34 patients with obesity and 36 healthy individuals.

Results

MMP-2 and MMP-9 gene expression were significantly downregulated in obesity patients compared to controls (p=0.004, p=0.045). Nevertheless, IL-10 was elevated in the obesity group as to controls (p=0.010). MMP-2 mRNA expression was correlated with fasting blood glucose levels (r=0.426, p=0.013) in the patient group. As for protein levels, MMP-2 concentration decreased in patients compared to controls (p=0.001). Moreover, MMP-2 was correlated with BMI (r=−0.411; p=0.022) and weight (r=−0.381; p=0.034) in obesity group.

Conclusions

MMP-2, MMP-9, and IL-10 may be related to increased susceptibility to obesity development and its related phenotypes in a sample of Turkish patients with obesity.
Small Punch Test Setup for In-Cell Testing of Irradiated Materials
Authors: Welschen Romy , Naziris Frideriki , ten Pierick Peter , Kolluri Murthy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A number of surveillance programs for pressurized water reactor (PWR)-type reactors do not contain enough surveillance samples for their long-term operation (LTO) beyond the original design life of 40 years. The use of testing methods based on small/sub-sized specimen is considered a promising approach to overcome this limitation. In addition, small specimen testing will lead to a reduction in the costs of testing radioactive materials, particularly when it comes to the radiation protection measures and radioactive waste management. One miniature testing method that has been recently standardized is the small punch test (SPT) technique, which can be used for estimating mechanical properties such as yield strength (σYS) and tensile strength of structural components. In literature, various validation studies can be found on the estimation of mechanical properties using SPT on nonirradiated materials. However, SPT data regarding (highly) irradiated materials are scarce. Material characterization in hot cells introduces several challenges, such as remote handling of instrumentation and samples, manipulator sensitivity, and limited accessibility of the setup. Within the framework of the STRUctural MATerials research for safe Long Term Operation of LWR NPPs (STRUMAT) project, the Nuclear Research and Consulting Group has developed tools and in-cell methods for producing and testing irradiated SPT disks. This paper presents a newly developed SPT fabrication and test setup that works under hot-cell conditions. Preliminary test results for estimation of tensile properties of 15Kh2NMFA reference material under hot-cell machining and testing condition are presented in this paper.
Autonomous cortisol secretion is associated with worse arterial stiffness and vascular fibrosis in primary aldosteronism: a cross-sectional study with follow-up data
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Hsuan , Liao Che-Wei , Wu Xue-Ming , Chen Zheng-Wei , Pan Chien-Ting , Chang Yi-Yao , Lee Bo-Ching , Shun Chia-Tung , Wen Wen-Fen , Chou Chia-Hung , Wu Vin-Cent , Hung Chi-Sheng , Lin Yen-Hung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
The presence of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) is common and potentially associated with poor outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ACS and vascular remodeling in PA patients.

Design and methods
We prospectively enrolled 436 PA patients from October 2006 to November 2019. ACS (defined as a cortisol level &gt;1.8 μg/dL after a 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test) was detected in 23% of the PA patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) with age, sex, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was performed. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was examined at baseline and 1 year after targeted treatment. Small arteries of periadrenal fat in 46 patients were stained with Picro Sirus red to quantify the severity of vascular fibrosis.

Results
After PSM, the PA patients with ACS had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, higher plasma aldosterone concentration and higher aldosterone-to-renin ratio. The baseline mean baPWV was also significantly higher in the PA patients with ACS. After multivariable regression analysis, the presence of ACS was a significant predictor of worse baseline mean baPWV (β: 235.745, 95% CI: 59.602–411.888, P = 0.010). In addition, the PA patients with ACS had worse vascular fibrosis (fibrosis area: 25.6 ± 8.4%) compared to those without ACS (fibrosis area: 19.8 ± 7.7%, P = 0.020). After 1 year of PA treatment, baPWV significantly improved in both groups.

Conclusion
The presence of ACS in PA patients is associated with worse arterial stiffness and vascular remodeling.
Size- and position-controlled Ge nanocrystals separated by high-k dielectrics
Authors: Lehninger D. , Honeit F. , Rafaja D. , Klemm V. , Röder C. , Khomenkova L. , Schneider F. , von Borany J. , Heitmann J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGermanium nanocrystals embedded in high-k dielectric matrices are of main interest for infrared sensing application, as a role model for Ge-based nanoelectronics passivation or for nonvolatile memory devices. The capability of the size control of those nanocrystals via rapid thermal processing of superlattice structures is shown for the [Ge–TaZrOx/TaZrOx]n, [Ge–TaZrOx/SiO2/TaZrOx]6, and [TaZrOx/Ge–SiO2]n superlattice systems. All superlattices were deposited by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging confirms the formation of spherically shaped nanocrystals. Raman scattering proved the crystallization of Ge above 700°C. The TaZrOx crystallizes above 770°C, associated with a phase separation of Ta2O5 and ZrO2 as confirmed by x-ray diffraction. For the composite layers having 3 nm and 6 nm thickness, the size of the Ge nanocrystals correlates with the deposited layer thickness. Thicker composite layers (above 9 nm) form two fractions of nanocrystals with different sizes. An additional SiO2 layer in the [Ge–TaZrOx/SiO2/TaZrOx]6 superlattice stacks facilitates the formation of larger and better separated Ge nanocrystals. The deposition of Ge-SiO2 composite layers separated by pure TaZrOx illustrates the barrier effect of TaZrOx against Ge diffusion. All three material systems allow the controlled formation of Ge nanocrystals in amorphous matrices at temperatures above 700 and below 770°C.
Graphical abstract
Na uptake at TiO2 anatase surfaces under electric field control: A first-principles study
Authors: Fasulo Francesca , Massaro Arianna , Muñoz-García Ana B. , Pavone Michele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNa-ion batteries (NIBs) are promising devices for large-scale energy-storage facilities. Nanostructured TiO2 is an efficient NIB negative electrode, showing good cycling performance and rate capability, but its activity depends on the crystalline facets exposed by anatase nanoparticles. Hence, we propose here a DFT+U study of Na+ adsorption and insertion at (101), (100) and (001)-TiO2 surfaces under the influence of external electric fields, which are simulated by adding a sawtooth-like electrostatic potential to the bare ionic potential. We find that field polarization affects Na+ uptake as well as titania electronic features, promoting redox processes within Ti sublattice, as in battery charge/discharge cycling. Our results highlight the high-energy (001) surface to be the most active, for both directions of external fields, proving its activity to be exerted reversibly. Besides further insights, these outcomes pave the route for further exploration and design of electrode materials by simulation of battery in operando conditions.
Graphical Abstract
MINIMISATION OF RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF POLLEN-BASED MEDICINES, AT THE STAGE OF POLLEN COLLECTION
Authors: Taube A. A. , Buyanova T. A. , Sakanyan E. I. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of the study is the elaboration of Rules for Harvesting/Collecting of Pollen to minimize the risks associated with the use of pollen-based medicinal products.Materials and methods. The following electronic resources were used in the study: PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, eLibrary, World Allergy Organization, Cochrane Database, Stallergenesgreer, Allergenscienceandconsulting, Pharmacopoeia, Fda.gov, fs.usda.gov, Ema.europa.eu. The analysis covered the period from January 1, 2010 until December 31, 2021.Results. Currently, there are some general requirements for the quality of pollen in Russia, but there are no controls or standardised procedures for harvesting, drying, and purification of pollen. The USA and EU also lack established qualification programmes for pollen-collecting companies and/or individual pollen collectors. Regulatory authorities establish requirements only for visual control of raw materials or delegate responsibility to the manufacturer. The analysis of the existing regulatory documentation revealed lack of requirements for collection, storage, and processing of pollen used as the raw material for the production of allergen products. This calls for the elaboration of appropriate regulatory documents. The authors have compiled the Rules for Harvesting/Collection of Pollen, which include 6 parts. The Rules are intended for individuals directly involved in harvesting/collection of pollen, and contain requirements for pollen collectors, the process of pollen collection, documentation, storage, and transportation.Conclusion. The authors have prepared the Rules for Harvesting/Collecting of Pollen, which include 6 parts. The Rules cover the whole process of pollen collection and all related processes. The implementation of this document will improve the process of pollen collection, thus reducing the risks associated with the use of pollen-based medicines. Further studies will assess the impact of the pollen quality on the safety of medicinal products.
GENDER CHARACTERISTICS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS DEVELOPMENT: EXPERIENCE OF REGIONAL DATABASE ANALYSIS
Authors: Matveev A. V. , Krasheninnikov A. E. , Egorova E. A. , Konyaeva E. I. , Matveeva N. V. 
Published: May 2022

The aim of the article is the gender characteristics study of the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) development based on the data of the notification forms registered in the regional database ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database), for the period from 2009 to 2018.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 6903 notification forms about adverse drug reactions recorded in the regional database called ARCADe (Adverse Reactions in Crimea, Autonomic Database) for the period from 2009 to 2018. The classification of drugs for separate pharmacological groups was carried out using the codes of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system of the World Health Organization (WHO) medicinal products, the instructions data of the State Registers of medicinal preparations used in the Russian Federation and Ukraine (for the cases registered before the entry of the Republic of Crimea into the Russian Federation).Results. A general analysis of the number of cases of the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) development in patients of different genders made it possible to determine that 59.9% (4132 notification forms) of ADRs cases were observed in female patients; 37.7% (2602 cases) – in male patients. In 169 cards (2.4%), information about a patient’s gender was missing. The groups with the largest number of the registered cases of ADRs were antimicrobial agents for a systemic use (2864 cases, 41.5% of the total number of the ADRs registered cases), the drugs affecting the cardiovascular (811 cases, 11.7%) and nervous (734 cases, 10.6%) systems. In each of the presented groups, the incidence rate of ADRs in female patients exceeded that in men.Conclusion. The study of the gender characteristics of the pharmacotherapy safety, carried out on the basis of the notification forms of the ADRs data registered in the Republic of Crimea, confirmed a higher likelihood of developing ADRs in female patients. This may be due to the peculiarities of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in the female body, psychological factors, a more frequent use of drugs by this category of people. The implementation of the drug, taking into account specific features of each gender, can lead not only to better treatment outcomes, but also to increased patients’ compliance.
Electrical Submersible Pump Design Enhancements for Hydrogen Sulfide Harsh Environments
Authors: Al-Khalifa Mohammed , Pessoa Rodrigues Rui , Sinclair Derek 
Published: May 2022

Summary
Electrical submersible pumping (ESP) remains the preferred artificial lift method for high rate production when technically viable. ESP, on the other hand, is sensitive to downhole conditions and pumped fluid. Sour fields, in particular, are considered as a major challenge for producing facilities and well completion elements. Reservoirs producing fluids with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) present a special challenge to ESP systems.
This paper uses ESP field observations and pulled equipment findings from many dismantle inspection and failure analyses (DIFAs). The findings confirmed H2S behavior and root causes of electrical and mechanical failures within multiple ESP components. The outcome of these investigations and the recommended system upgrades to enhance ESP reliability in corrosive environments will be illustrated.
Critical ESP system materials will deteriorate and fail when subjected to sour environments. H2S can penetrate the pump’s cable insulation, attack the copper, and react to form copper sulfide, resulting in electrical failure. It can also permeate the seal bags and o-rings, diffuse in the seal dielectric oil, and attack the bronze and copper components in the seal and the motor. To improve reliability, a new version of motor lead extension (MLE) using three individually armored connectors and a seal with H2S sacrificial anode scavenger inside each chamber were introduced. The improved design encapsulated the insulated conductors individually within metal tubes made of high nickel alloy. The tubes can be terminated individually at the motor and above the production packer with proven swage type connectors.
By utilizing high nickel alloy tubes as barriers against H2S and removing all connections below the packer, the H2S effect has been eliminated. On the other hand, the seal with H2S passive scavenger will retain most of the H2S in the dielectric oil before it reaches the motor. These novelty technologies resulted in a threefold improvement, leading to longer up time, less workover jobs, and more sustainable production.
Multiple biomarker responses in Female Clarias gariepinus exposed to Acetaminophen
Authors: Erhunmwunse Nosakhare Osazee , Tongo Isioma , Ezemonye Lawrence Ikechukwu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There are increasing concerns over the detection of acetaminophen (APAP) in surface and ground waters across the globe. Its impacts on non-target aquatic organisms have often been under monitored due to cost implication with specific biomarkers in the exposed organisms increasing the underestimation of the impacts of APAP thus generating some questions on the credibility of the choice single monitored marker. This study evaluated the possible multi-toxic effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of APAP in female catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed for 28 days using multiple biomarkers. Our results show that acetaminophen triggered oxidative stress with superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) activities significantly differ in the acetaminophen-exposed female catfish from the control. Histopathological alterations in the liver of acetaminophen-exposed female fish showed apoptotic hyperplasia, sinusoidal congestion, and necrosis of the hepatocytes, which were concentration-dependent. APAP exposure enhanced the fusion and shortening of some filaments, hyperplasia of the epithelia gills cells, aneurism, congestion and epithelia rupture of the gills and was ovarian toxic. Multivariate results indicated that there was a distinct response from the acetaminophen-exposed female catfish with over 95% of the biomarkers significantly contributing to the discriminate between the acetaminophen-exposed female catfish and the control groups. Based on the data presented in this study for female catfish exposed to acetaminophen, it can be concluded that monitoring multiple biomarkers provides a more comprehensive picture of the exposed fish's health than single markers. As a result, pharmaceuticals may cause several alterations or multiple effects in non-targeted exposed organisms in the aquatic environment, yielding a less realistic risk assessment result in monitoring programs using single marker. Our research provides evidence supporting the use of a multiple-biomarkers approach to evaluate the impacts of drugs on the health status of female C. gariepinus over single markers.
Collective optical behavior from coupled quantum dots visualized by wavelength-resolved and polarization-resolved super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Ryan Duncan , Dunlap Megan , Hollingsworth Jennifer , Majumder Somak , Gelfand Martin , Werner James , Orden Alan Van , Goodwin Peter 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Applications of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) that place particles into close proximity with other QDs must contend with the effects of interactions between the particles. Electronic coupling facilitates energy transfer, but these environments can also alter the native properties of the individual QDs. How QDs behave collectively due to coupling is a largely unexplored topic. We developed a super-resolution wavelength-resolving and polarization-resolving microscope to capture correlations among the signatures QD coupling. Nanoassemblies containing 2—10 QDs exhibited features of energy transfer: regions of high fluorescence activity from exciton funneling to acceptor particles, and spectral-intensity distributions consistent with donor/acceptor relationships. Spatial distributions of these features were localized with ~10 nm precision, on the order of the size of individual particles. Unexpectedly, polarization signatures from nanoassemblies were uniform, indicating a single emission polarization state for a group of QDs. This demonstrates a strong electronic coupling that alters the native behavior of the individual particles.
Existence of solutions for a class of quasilinear elliptic equations involving the p-Laplacian
Authors: SAEEDI GH , Waseel Farhad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the existence of solutions for the quasilinear elliptic equations−∆ p u − ∆ p (|u| 2α )|u| 2α−2 u + V (x)|u| p−2 u = |u| q−2 u, x ∈ R N, where α ≥ 1, 1 < p < N, p ∗ = N p/(N − p), ∆ p is the p-Laplace operator and the potential V (x) > 0 is a continuous function. In this work we mainly focus on nontrivial solutions. When 2αp < q < p ∗ , we establish the existence of nontrivial solutions by using Mountain-Pass lemma; when q ≥ 2αp ∗ , by using a Pohozaev type variational identity, we prove that the equation has no nontrivial solutions.