bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for conversion to open approach during laparoscopic reduction of intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy-guided pneumatic enema reduction: experience from a single‐center experience in 94 consecutive patients- an original article.
Authors: Sun Jun , Liu Ying-Hua , Xu Wei-Jue , Liu Jiang-Bin , Sheng Qing-Feng , Lv Zhi-Bao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective To summarize our experience in laparoscopic treatment of intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy-guided pneumatic enema reduction, and to identify the independent risk factors that may relate to conversion to open approach.Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with intussusception who failed pneumatic enema reduction was performed from August 2014 to March 2021. Patients who completed laparoscopic intussusception reduction were compared with those who converted to open approach regarding demographic (age, gender), history (previous abdominal surgery history, number (No.) of intussusception before), clinical manifestations (preoperative pneumatic enema attempts, abdominal pain, irritable crying, emesis, bloody stool, abdominal mass, fever, diarrhea, duration of symptoms, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists fitness grade), work-up (Leukocyte counts), and intra-operative findings (anatomic type of intussusception, number (No.) of intussusceptions, length of intussusception, outcome (operative time, complications, postoperative hospital stay). Statistic analyze was performed using univariate and Logistic regression analysis. Results Univariate analysis showed that small bowel intussusception was associated with conversion to laparotomy (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that bloody stool (odds ratio (OR)26.071; 95% confidence interval (CI)2.341,290.33; p < 0.01) and small bowel intussusception (odds ratio (OR)39.194; 95% confidence interval (CI)3.562,431.281; p < 0.01) may be independent risk factors related to the conversion from laparoscopic intussusception to open procedure (p < 0.01).Conclusion Bloody stool and small bowel intussusception may be the independent risk factors associated with the conversion to laparotomy in laparoscopic treatment for intussusception in children who failed fluoroscopy-guided pneumatic enema reduction.
Hyper Expression of Active, GFP-fused HFGF21 in Tobacco Chloroplasts
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Fan Jieying , Xu Nuo , Xin Wen , Wei Zhengyi , Xing Shaochen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Human fibroblast growth factor 21 (hFGF21) is a promising candidate for metabolic diseases. In this study, a tobacco chloroplast transformation vector, pWYP21406, was constructed. In the vector, the codon optimized encoding gene hFGF21 fused with GFP at its 5’ terminal was driven by the promoter of plastid rRNA operon (Prrn) and terminated by the terminator of plastid rps16 gene (Trps16). Spectinomycin resistant gene (aadA) as the selectable marker was placed in the same cistron between hFGF21 and the terminator Trps16. Transplastomic plants were generated by biolistic bombardment method and proven to be homoplastic by Southern Blotting analyses. The expression of GFP was detected under UV light and laser confocal microscope. The expression of GFP-hFGF21 was confirmed by immunoblotting and quantified by ELISA. The accumulation of was GFP-hFGF21confirmed to be 12.44 ± 0.45% of total soluble protein (i.e., 1.9232 ± 0.0673 g kg− 1 of fresh weight). The GFP-hFGF21 was confirmed to be capable of promoting the proliferation of hepatoma cell line HepG2, inducing the expression of glucose transporter 1 in hepatoma HepG2 cells and improve the glucose uptakes. The above results suggested that chloroplast expression is a promising approach for bioactive recombinant hFGF21 production.
Monocyte subsets and their activation markers in Kawasaki disease – A Study from a Tertiary care Center in North India
Authors: Gupta Aarchie , Sairam Kaki , Vignesh Pandiarajan , Sil Archan , Das Jhumki , Arora Kanika , Shandilya Jitendra K. , Kumrah Rajni , Suri Deepti , Rawat Amit , Singh Surjit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common childhood vasculitis and autopsy studies have shown monocyte infiltration in affected blood vessels. Role of monocyte subsets and their activation status in KD have not been completely explored. Materials and methods: Sixteen children diagnosed with KD were included in our study along with 16 age and sex-matched controls. We studied subpopulations of monocytes (classical, intermediate and non-classical), early and late monocyte activation markers during acute and convalescent stages. We also assessed soluble markers of monocyte activation (sCD14, sCD163, CCL2). Results: Significant elevation in absolute number of classical [CD14+CD16-] and intermediate monocytes [CD14++CD16+] were noted in KD and febrile controls in comparison to healthy controls. CD69 expression in classical, intermediate and non-classical monocytes were higher in KD when compared to healthy controls. Absolute counts of classical and intermediate monocytes expressing CD69 and HLA-DR were significantly lower in the convalescent stage as compared to acute KD. We observed no significant elevation in sCD14 and sCD163 levels in KD as compared to controls. However, median CCL2 levels were highest in children with KD. Conclusion: Our results suggest that both early and late monocyte activation occur in acute phase of KD that subsides in convalescent phase.
Dietary Resistant Starch Alleviates Escherichia Coli-induced Bone Loss in Meat Ducks by Promoting Short-chain Fatty Acid Production and Inhibiting Malt1/NF-κB Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Zhang Huaiyong , Qin Simeng , Zhang Xiangli , Du Pengfei , Zhu Yao , Huang Yanqun , Michiels Joris , Zeng Quifeng , Chen Wen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection in humans and animals usually comes with gut dysbiosis, which is potential culprit to skeletal health, it is still unclear to whether diet interfered gut microbiome changes can be a protective strategy to bone loss development. Here, the effects of resistant starch from raw potato starch (RPS), a type of prebiotic, on E. coli-induced bone loss and gut microbial composition in meat ducks were evaluated. Results: The results showed that dietary 12% RPS treatment improved bone quality, depressed bone resorption, and attenuated the pro-inflammatory reaction in both ileum and bone marrow. Meanwhile, the 12% RPS diet also increased the abundance of Firmicutes in E. coli-treated birds, along with higher production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) especially propionate and butyrate. Whereas addition of β-acid, an inhibitor of bacterial SCFAs production, to the drinking water of ducks fed 12% RPS diet significantly decreased SCFAs level in cecum content and eliminated RPS-induced tibial mass improvement. Further, treatment with MI-2 to abrogate mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (Malt1) activity replicated the protective role of dietary 12% RPS in E. coli-induced bone loss including reduced the inhibition on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inflammasome activation, decreased bone resorption, and improved bone quality, which were correlated with comparable and higher regulatory T cells (Treg) frequency in MI-2 and 12% RPS group, respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggested that the diet with 12% RPS could alleviate E. coli-induced bone loss in meat ducks by changing the gut microbial composition and promoting concomitant SCFAs production, and consequently inhibiting Malt1/NF-κB inflammasome activation and Treg cells expansion.
Insecticidal features displayed by the beneficial rhizobacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606
Authors: Arrebola Eva , Aprile Francesca R. , Calderón Claudia E. , de Vicente Antonio , Cazorla Francisco M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The biocontrol rhizobacterium Pseudomonas chlororaphis is one of the bacterial species of the P. fluorescens group where insecticide fit genes have been found. Fit toxin, supported with other antimicrobial compounds, gives the bacterial capacity to repel and fight against predators, such as nematodes and insect larvae, thus protecting the plant host and itself. Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1606 is an antagonistic rhizobacterium isolated from avocado roots with efficient biocontrol against fungal soil-borne disease. The main antimicrobial compound produced by P. chlororaphis PCL606 is 2-hexyl,5-propyl resorcinol (HPR), which plays a crucial role in effective biocontrol against fungal pathogens. Further analysis of the P. chlororaphis PCL1606 genome showed the presence of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), pyrrolnitrin (PRN) and homologous fit genes. To test the insecticidal activity and to determine the bases for such activity, single and double mutants on the biosynthetic genes of these four compounds were tested in a Galleria mellonella larval model using inoculation by injection. The results revealed that fit toxin and HPR are the main compounds responsible for the insecticide phenotype in P. chlororaphis PCL1606, and HCN and PRN could be considered supporting compounds.
Exposure to Job-related Violence Among Young Female Sex Workers in Urban Slums of Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Ikuteyijo Olutoyin Opeyemi , Akinyemi Akanni Ibukun , Merten Sonja 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: In Nigeria, many young girls are engaged in commercial sex work as a means of livelihood and support of dependent relatives. Although studies have documented some of the violence related issues among commercial sex workers, the plight of adolescent and young sex workers particularly in urban slums may be different in context and depth. Objective: This study explored the experiences of violence among young female sex workers and their coping strategies in urban slums in Ibadan and Lagos, Southwest Nigeria.Design: The study applied an interpretive phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews. Settings: Young female sex workers ages (15-24 years) who reported having experienced violence were recruited. Data were transcribed using a phenomenological framework analysis. Participants’ reports based on life experiences were identified: lived experience “daily brothel life experience”; sources of violence such as law enforcement agents’ intermittent raids; violence experience with clients who often demanded sexual acts beyond the agreed scope; and coping strategies employed to mitigate the challenges.Participants: 12 participants completed the interviews out the 20 initially contacted. Results: The results showed that the major motivation for engaging in commercial sex work was for economic reasons in order to sustain their livelihood. The risks involved, exposure to violence and other social vices were enormous.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study raised the need for targeted interventions to mitigate violence against young sex workers. Working with law enforcement officials and health care providers may be the most promising next steps. It should also be made a human rights and public health priority.
Rapid, High Throughput, Automated Detection Of SARS-Cov-2 Neutralizing Antibodies Against Native-Like Vaccine And Delta Variant Spike Trimers
Authors: Cheedarla Narayanaiah , Verkerke Hans , Potlapalli Sindhu , McLendon Kaleb , Patel Anamika , Frank Filipp , Damhorst Gregory , Wu Huixia , O'Sick William , Graciaa Daniel , Hudaib Fuad , Alter David , Bryksin Jeannette , Ortlund Eric , Guarner Jeannette , Auld Sara , Shah Sarita , Lam Wilbur , Mattoon Dawn , Johnson Joseph , Wilson David , Dhodapkar Madhav , Stowell Sean , Neish Andrew , Roback John 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Traditional cellular and live-virus methods for detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) are labor- and time-intensive, and thus not suited for routine use in the clinical lab to predict vaccine efficacy and natural immune protection. Here, we report the development and validation of a rapid, high throughput method for measuring SARS-CoV-2 nAbs against native-like trimeric spike proteins. This assay uses a blockade of hACE-2 binding (BoAb) approach in an automated digital immunoassay on the Quanterix HD-X platform. BoAb assays using vaccine and delta variant viral strains showed strong correlation with cell-based pseudovirus and live-virus neutralization activity. Importantly, we were able to detect similar patterns of delta variant resistance to neutralization in samples with paired vaccine and delta variant BoAb measurements. Finally, we screened clinical samples from patients with or without evidence of SARS-CoV-2 exposure by a single-dilution screening version of our assays, finding significant nAb activity only in exposed individuals. In principle, these assays offer a rapid, robust, and scalable alternative to time-, skill-, and cost-intensive standard methods for measuring SARS-CoV-2 nAb levels.
Low-Grade Albuminuria and Its Relationship with Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Hypertensive and Diabetic Patients in Primary Health Care
Authors: Souza Ramon Augusto Ferreira , Silva Eunice Ferreira , Oliveira Deíse Moura , Colodette Renata Maria , Cotta Rosângela Minardi Mitre , Silva Luciana Saraiva , Moreira Tiago Ricardo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the presence of LGA and the relationship with the 10-year risk of a cardiovascular event in hypertensive and diabetic patients in Primary Health Care. Study Design: The study design used in the study is a cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was based on the application of questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory tests carried out from August 2017 to April 2018. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds ratio of the explanatory variables in relation to the highest tercile of LGA. The Framingham risk score was used to assess the 10-year risk of cardiovascular event. The comparison of this score with the LGA terciles was analyzed by using ANOVA. Results: An increase in the 10-year risk of cardiovascular event score was observed with an increasing LGA tercile, and this pattern prevailed after adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusion: An association between LGA and 10-year risk of cardiovascular event was observed in a representative sample of hypertensive and diabetic patients.
In-hospital Initiation of PCSK9 Inhibitor and Short-term Lipid Profile Alteration, as well as In-hospital Mortality and Readmission Rate in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: She Jianqing , Lou Bowen , Liu Hui , Luo Yongbai , Jiang Gulinigaer Tuerhong , Wu Haoyu , Wang Chen , Wu Yue , Zhou Bo , Yuan Zuyi , Liu Junhui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes when added to conventional statin therapy. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of in-hospital initiation of PCSK9 inhibitor among patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) based on real-world experience.Methods and Results Data were collected from the Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between January 2016 and December 2020. 7556 AMI patients were screened for eligibility. Propensity Score Match(PSM) was employed and covariates were age, sex, admission blood pressure and lipid profiles. Eligible participants were (1) propensity-matched 1:2:2 of Statin plus Evolocumab (dual therapy) vs. Statin vs. Statin plus Ezetimibe. 95 Statin plus Evolocumab users achieved significant decreased LDL level (0.92±0.62 mmol/L in the 1st month and 1.17±0.73 in the 3rd month) and a promising attainment rate of LDL(79.5% in 1st month and 80.0% in the 3rd month ) as compared to the other two groups. (2) propensity-matched 1:2:2 of Statin plus Ezetimibe Evolocumab (triple therapy) vs. Statin vs. Statin plus Ezetimibe. Similarly, 75 triple medication users achieved significantly decreased LDL levels and a promising attainment rate of LDL as compared to the other two groups. In-hospital mortality, readmission rate within 3 months were then analyzed and decreased readmission rate was observed through PCSK9i therapy.Conclusions Based on the present single-centre real-world PSM-adjusted study, PCSK9i has been effective in short-term lipid control among AMI patients. The long-term effectiveness for reducing major cardiovascular events among AMI patients based on real-world experience remains to be explored.Trial registration: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, Unique Protocol ID: 82100477-1.
CDK7 inhibition augments the response against multidrug chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zeng Siyuan , Lan Bin , Ren Xiaofan , Zhang Shuman , Schreyer Daniel , Eckstein Markus , Yang Hai , Britzen-Laurent Nathalie , Dahl Andreas , Debabrata Mukhopadhyay , Chang David , Kutschick Isabella , Pfeffer Susanne , Bailey Peter , Biankin Andrew , Grützmann Robert , Pilarsky Christian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a dismal prognosis. Although combined treatment with gemcitabine and albumin-bound paclitaxel has improved the prognosis of PDAC, both intrinsic and acquired chemoresistance cloud the outcomes. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore new therapeutic targets and formulate innovative strategies for the more effective treatment of PDAC.Methods: We transduced pancreatic cancer cells with a protein kinase library, and transfected cells were selected by puromycin treatment, followed by continuous exposure to vehicle control or gemcitabine/paclitaxel chemotherapy for 21 days. Next-generation sequencing as well as MAGeCK-VISPR analysis were performed to the identify candidate genes. Finally, we used the CRISPR-Cas9 to knockout the target gene, confirming that it is a viable target for overcoming chemoresistance in vivo and in vitro.Results: We identified several cell cycle checkpoint kinases and DNA damage-related kinases as targets for overcoming chemoresistance. Among them, cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) ranked highly in both screenings. We demonstrated that both gene knockout and pharmacological inhibition of CDK7 by THZ1 result in cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction. Furthermore, THZ1 synergized with gemcitabine and paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo, resulting in enhanced antitumor effects.Conclusions: Our findings support the application of CRISPR-Cas9 screening in identifying novel therapeutic targets and provide new strategies for overcoming chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer.
Spatial distribution and extent of environmental risks of strontium metal concentration in water and bottom sediments of Nile River, Egypt
Authors: Khalifa Moutaz , elsaadani zozo , qi wang ming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Strontium is one of the rare heavy metals found in the sediments and water of the Nile River. By examining the metal concentration in 69 sampling points along the river between two Nile banks and the Middle, we could throw further light on its dispersion in the current study. High Sr concentrations were found in the eastern>western>middle regions with average concentrations of 344.3, 338.39, and 327.57ppm, respectively, due to the point sources such as industrial activities, sewage wastes, and agricultural discharge. High Sr concentrations were found in the West and East of Cairo (Samalut and Beni Suef) (395, 397, and 392 ppm). Various pollution indices, such as the Geo-accumulation index, Contamination factor, and Enrichment factor depiction, were used to determine the pollution level caused by this metal, ranging from low to moderate contamination. According to the extraction fractions, the occurrence nature of the element is as follows: Acid soluble > residual >Fe- Mn oxy-hydroxides (reducible)> organic (Oxidizable). The risk assessment code based on the Acid soluble fraction indicates moderate to high risk. Renal failure and baby bone growth problems are common in Egypt, impacting Sr concentration in sediments. The average Sr concentration in water is around (221.58µg/l), indicating that the water is perfectly safe to drink. The study's findings are useful in determining the extent of Sr metal pollution in the river. If not monitored, Sr concentration will be an issue in Egypt and Ethiopia following dam construction. After the dam is built, this study will serve as a baseline.
Previous Cesarean Delivery Affect Pregnancy Outcomes After in Vitro Fertilization and Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yinfeng , Ziegler Dominique , Hu Xinyu , Tai Xiaomei , Han Ying , Ma Junfang , Zhang Yunshan , Luo Haining 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the impact of previous cesarean delivery (CD) on pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET).Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included 1122 women aged <40 years who had a history of only one parturition (after 28 weeks of pregnancy) and were undergoing their first FET cycle between January 2014 and January 2020. Live birth, clinical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, pregnancy loss, pregnancy complications, preterm birth, and neonatal birth weight were compared among patients treated with IVF and FET. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between pregnancy outcomes and FET.Results: After adjustment for confounders, in the single embryo transfer (SET) patients, the adjusted OR for a subsequent live birth was 0.75(95% CI: 0.39–1.42, P=0.370) in women with previous CD and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.18–1.27, P=0.140) in women with a cesarean scar defect (CSD), compared to women with previous vaginal delivery (VD). In the double embryo transfer (DET) patients, the adjusted OR for a subsequent live birth was 0.57(95% CI: 0.41–0.81, P=0.001) in women with previous CD and 0.37(95% CI: 0.20–0.70, P=0.002) in women with a CSD, compared to women with previous VD.Conclusions: Previous CD and the presence of a CSD reduced the success of clinical pregnancy and live birth among patients who received IVF-FET treatment, especially in DET patients.
Lymphocyte Population in Peripheral Blood in Children and Adolescents with Graves Disease. Potential Predictive Tool for Severity of The Disease
Authors: Tuli Gerdi , Munarin Jessica , Mazzucco Beatrice , Matarazzo Patrizia , De Sanctis Luisa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To date, few data are available on the prognostic role of lymphocyte subsets in pediatric Graves’ Disease (GD). The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the role of lymphocyte subtypes in predicting the severity of GD.Methods: Data of 10 pediatric subjects aged <18 years with GD onset in the period November 2017- April 2021 were collected. The lymphocyte population was assessed at the onset of GD as well as hormonal and clinical data. The follow-up period was 2.4 ± 0.8 years. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient between CD4+/CD8+ ratio and fT3 levels and thyroid volume at diagnosis was 0.72 (p=0.04) and 0.81 (p=0.004) respectively; that between CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the TRAb titer at diagnosis and after 6, 12 and 24 months was 0.89, 0.89, 0.73 and 0.77 respectively (p=0.02, p=0.01, p=0.03 and 0.04). The correlation coefficient of anti-thyroid drug (ATD) dose after 6 and 12 months with CD4+/CD8 ratio was 0.88 and 0.78 (p=0.001 and p=0.02 respectively). Patients with a higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio at diagnosis displayed higher fT3 levels (28.73 ± 2.18 vs 13.48 ± 2.19 pmol/L, p = 0.03) and higher TRAb titers (28.9 ± 11.2 vs 4.88 ± 0.97, p=0.01).Conclusion: CD4+/CD8+ ratio appears as a promising predictive tool to be considered together with other prognostic factors to better manage pediatric GD. These preliminary data need to be confirmed over a longer follow-up period and in larger cohorts.