bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Software Tool for Automatic Quantification of Sarcomere Length and Organization in Fixed and Live 2D and 3D Muscle Cell Cultures In Vitro
Authors: Stein Jeroen M. , Arslan Ulgu , Franken Marnix , de Greef Jessica C. , E. Harding Sian , Mohammadi Neda , Orlova Valeria V. , Bellin Milena , Mummery Christine L. , van Meer Berend J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSarcomeres are the structural units of the contractile apparatus in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. Changes in sarcomere characteristics are indicative of changes in the sarcomeric proteins and function during development and disease. Assessment of sarcomere length, alignment, and organization provides insight into disease and drug responses in striated muscle cells and models, ranging from cardiomyocytes and skeletal muscle cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells to adult muscle cells isolated from animals or humans. However, quantification of sarcomere length is typically time consuming and prone to user‐specific selection bias. Automated analysis pipelines exist but these often require either specialized software or programming experience. In addition, these pipelines are often designed for only one type of cell model in vitro. Here, we present an easy‐to‐implement protocol and software tool for automated sarcomere length and organization quantification in a variety of striated muscle in vitro models: Two dimensional (2D) cardiomyocytes, three dimensional (3D) cardiac microtissues, isolated adult cardiomyocytes, and 3D tissue engineered skeletal muscles. Based on an existing mathematical algorithm, this image analysis software (SotaTool) automatically detects the direction in which the sarcomere organization is highest over the entire image and outputs the length and organization of sarcomeres. We also analyzed videos of live cells during contraction, thereby allowing measurement of contraction parameters like fractional shortening, contraction time, relaxation time, and beating frequency. In this protocol, we give a step‐by‐step guide on how to prepare, image, and automatically quantify sarcomere and contraction characteristics in different types of in vitro models and we provide basic validation and discussion of the limitations of the software tool. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Staining and analyzing static hiPSC‐CMs with SotaToolAlternate Protocol: Sample preparation, acquisition, and quantification of fractional shortening in live reporter hiPSC linesSupport Protocol 1: Finding the image resolutionSupport Protocol 2: Advanced analysis settingsSupport Protocol 3: Finding sarcomere length in non‐aligned cells
Molecular Metallocorrole–Nanorod Photocatalytic System for Sustainable Hydrogen Production
Authors: Dong Kaituo , Le Trung‐Anh , Nakibli Yifat , Schleusener Alexander , Wächtler Maria , Amirav Lilac 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSolar‐driven photocatalytic generation of hydrogen from water is a potential source of clean and renewable fuel. Yet systems that are sufficiently stable and efficient for practical use have not been realized. Here, nanorod photocatalysts that have proven record activity for the water reduction half reaction were successfully combined with molecular metallocorroles suitable for catalyzing the accompanying oxidation reactions. Utilization of OH−/⋅OH redox species as charge transfer shuttle between freely mixed metallocorroles and rods resulted in quantum efficiency that peaked as high as 17 % for hydrogen production from water in the absence of sacrificial hole scavengers. While typically each sacrificial scavenger is able to extract but a single hole, here the molecular metallocorrole catalysts were found to successfully handle nearly 300,000 holes during their lifespan. The implications of the new system on the prospects of realizing practical overall water splitting and direct solar‐to‐fuel energy conversion were discussed.
Alloy‐Driven Efficient Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Biomass‐Derived 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural towards 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid: A Review
Authors: Guo Mengyan , Lu Xuebin , Xiong Jian , Zhang Rui , Li Xiaoyun , Qiao Yina , Ji Na , Yu Zhihao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, electrocatalysis was progressively developed to facilitate the selective oxidation of biomass‐derived 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) towards the value‐added chemical 2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). Among reported electrocatalysts, alloy materials have demonstrated superior electrocatalytic properties due to their tunable electronic and geometric properties. However, a specific discussion of the potential impacts of alloy structures on the electrocatalytic HMF oxidation performance has not yet been presented in available Reviews. In this regard, this Review introduces the most recent perspectives on the alloy‐driven electrocatalysis for HMF oxidation towards FDCA, including oxidation mechanism, alloy nanostructure modulation, and external conditions control. Particularly, modulation strategies for electronic and geometric structures of alloy electrocatalysts have been discussed. Challenges and suggestions are also provided for the rational design of alloy electrocatalysts. The viewpoints presented herein are anticipated to potentially contribute to a further development of alloy‐driven electrocatalytic oxidation of HMF towards FDCA and to help boost a more sustainable and efficient biomass refining system.
Design and investigation of stability‐ and power‐improved 11T SRAM cell for low‐power devices
Authors: Abbasian Erfan , Birla Shilpi , Mojaveri Moslem Emad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe modern system‐on‐chips require stable and low‐power SRAM cells due to technology scaling and limited sources of energy. Therefore, a stability‐ and power‐improved 11T SRAM cell is proposed in this study. The proposed cell core is composed of a strong cross‐coupled structure of a conventional inverter with a N‐type stacked transistor and a Schmitt‐trigger (ST) with a double channel‐length pull‐up network. This coupled with a separate read path enhances the read static noise margin (RSNM). Moreover, a feedback‐cutting N‐type transistor is placed inside the cell core to improve the write static noise margin (WSNM)/write margin (WM). Though the presence of stacked transistors in access paths increases read delay (TRA)/write delay (TWA), it reduces leakage. This metric further minimizes with the aid of a stacked structure of latch core and double channel‐length of pull‐up transistor in the ST inverter. The moderate read/write frequency and single‐ended structure of the suggested cell result in low dynamic power. Simulated results by using 16‐nm CMOS at VDD = 0.7 V show that the proposed cell has the second‐best RSNM/WSNM, which is 4.65/1.44 times higher than that of the fully differential 8T (FD8T) cell, as the basic cell. Moreover, it reduces leakage power by at least 2.01 times and consumes moderate read/write power, nearly 1.44/1.81 times lower than that of FD8T cell, at the cost of 1.61 times area overhead. The proposed cell can eliminate read/write‐half‐select‐disturbance issues to support bit‐interleaving architecture to increase soft error immunity.
Multi‐objective strategy‐based resource allocation and performance improvements in 5G and beyond wireless networks
Authors: Pradeep S. , Lakshminarasimman L. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe increase in mobile communication has been caused the network traffic problem. For that, phantom cell is used for further spectrum efficiency enhancements. In this paper, improved cat swarm optimization clustering (ICSOC)‐based energy aware load balancing is made for both macro cell and small cell to improve the broadband network efficiency using 5G and beyond wireless networks. Then, Multilevel Feedback Queue with Round Robin (MFQ‐RR) scheduling is used to provide superior channel quality and well improved resource sharing for mobile phones. In this wireless network, the phantom cells provided a feasible and cost‐effective way of refining the network coverage and capacity for both local and wide area networks because of their low cost and easy deployment. This system has highly efficient, cost effective, and flexible that will fulfill the end user expectations, and it enhances the capacity and flexible multi‐RAT access to support the diverse applications. This system performance is evaluated using MATLAB 12 software. From experimental results, it is observed that the throughput and spectral efficiency are increased by 20% and 35%, respectively. As well as the packet delay is reduced to 12% and packet loss ratio is 33% decreased when compared with the existing techniques.
Lower prosodic sensitivity in Chinese children with dyslexia and its impact on Chinese reading
Authors: Wang Li‐Chih , Liu Duo , Kwan‐Chen Lorinda Li‐Ying , Chung Kevin Kien‐Hoa , Chen Ji‐Kang 
Published: July 2022

The current study aims to examine prosodic sensitivity in Chinese children with dyslexia and its relation to Chinese reading in children with and without dyslexia. A total of 172 Chinese children from third grade to sixth grade in Taiwanese primary schools were recruited. Thirty (14 male) children were identified as having dyslexia, and the remaining children (N = 142; 67 male) were typically developing children matched with those with dyslexia as carefully as possible with respect to school, grade, and gender. Our results indicated that group differences were found for all three types of prosodic sensitivity. Moderation analyses showed that group had no significant interaction with prosodic sensitivity in predicting Chinese reading, so the participants in the two groups were combined in the following analyses. The results of the stepwise regression analyses showed that only lexical tone awareness could significantly predict Chinese character reading after controlling for phonological awareness, while only intonation awareness could significantly predict reading comprehension after controlling for Chinese character reading. The results provide preliminary evidence on the issue of prosodic sensitivity in Chinese children with dyslexia and its role in Chinese reading, which might provide a novel approach to the teaching of Chinese languages.
Decadal abundance patterns in an isolated urban reptile assemblage: Monitoring under a changing climate
Authors: How Richard A. , Cowan Mark A. , How Jason R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDetermine seasonal, annual, and decadal patterns of abundance in reptile species and assemblages occupying central Bold Park (~338 ha), an isolated urban bushland remnant in Perth, Southwestern Australia. Fenced pitfall trapping in four sampling sites, representing different habitats and fire history, over the primary reptile activity period for 35 consecutive years with over 17,000 individuals captured during 3300 days of sampling; the trapping regime was modified for the last 28 years. Sampling occurred in one of 35 global biodiversity hotspots that has a Mediterranean climate experiencing a 15% decline from the century average rainfall over the last 50 years. Twenty‐nine species were recorded, with 16 captured in 32 or more years and accounting for nearly 97% of all captures; the six most common for 81%. Three taxa became locally extinct. Activity predominates in warmer and dryer months (October to April), peaking in November–December. Species richness remained relatively constant between years with around 73% of known taxa captured annually. Assemblages did not change when analyzing the presence/absence data but moved through five statistically significant assemblages analyzing relative abundance data. Over the last 28 years, relative abundance was significantly and positively correlated with annual rainfall residuals, uniquely for the 4 years preceding annual sampling, resulting in significant changes in total assemblages and significantly similar patterns in four sample sites; the presence/absence data indicated only minor assemblage changes across sites. The number of species recorded annually remained relatively constant, but relative abundance illustrated significant temporal changes in assemblages over decades. The modeled relationship between relative abundance and annual rainfall residuals for 4 years preceding annual sampling is supported by known ecological responses and reptile demographics within this Mediterranean climate. Maintenance of urban biodiversity should consider impacts of a significantly drying climate exacerbating the extinction debt already inherent in isolated bushland populations experiencing limited immigration.
Simulation of Transport under Different Temperature Conditions: Effects on Extra Virgin Olive Oil Quality
Authors: Breschi Carlotta , Guerrini Lorenzo , Zanoni Bruno , Masella Piernicola , Lunetti Lorenzo , Parenti Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is imported/exported globally. However, little is known about the qualitative effects of the transport conditions, and, consequently, they are not usually controlled. This study simulates temperature fluctuations in summer (18–42.5 °C, 12 h–12 h, one week) and winter (4–16.5 °C, 12 h–12 h, one week), to examine their effect on EVOO quality. The EVOO samples undergo evaluation with chemical analyses before and immediately after treatment and after 24 weeks of storage (at room temperature in the dark). The simulated summer conditions cause oil oxidation. This situation bears a connection to an increased lipid oxidation rate, peroxide value, 1.2/1.3 diacylglycerol ratio, rancid score, and rancid‐related volatile compounds. The simulated winter conditions also cause oil oxidation. In this case, the rancid score and the rancid‐related volatile compound content show similarities to the samples exposed to the simulated summer conditions. In winter conditions, the temperature fluctuations seem to play a key role in the rancid defect appearance. Eleven of the 15 (summer) and 10 of the 15 (winter) samples are downgraded from the category of “extra virgin” to “virgin” after 24 weeks of bottle storage.Practical applications: Transportation conditions constitute a critical factor in determining extra virgin olive oil quality. Transport is a critical control point in maintaining the quality of extra virgin olive oil, which can be transported without any specific controls. The obtained results improve the knowledge regarding the risks related to transport in hot and cold seasons, assessing the oxidative damages in both conditions on three different cultivars. A better understanding of the degradation phenomena during transportation helps develop specific technologies and practices (e.g., controlled‐temperature transportation, thermal insulation materials, use of digi‐sense nonreversible temperature labels, and so on) to counter the phenomena and evaluate the costs and limits of the existing protocols.
A procedure for 3D simulation of seismic wave propagation considering source‐path‐site effects: Theory, verification and application
Authors: Wu Mengtao , Ba Zhenning , Liang Jianwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper aims at obtaining a semi‐analytical and semi‐numerical 3D model of source‐to‐site seismic wave propagation due to kinematic finite‐fault sources. To this end, a two‐step procedure integrating the frequency‐wavenumber (FK) approach with the spectral element method (SEM) is proposed based on the concept of domain reduction. First, the broadband responses of a stratified crust are accurately calculated by using a novel FK approach and are converted into effective seismic inputs around the region of interest. After that, the seismic wavefields at local and regional scales arising from complex geological and topographical conditions are finely simulated using the SEM, and a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary condition is simultaneously applied to realize the absorption of outgoing waves. In this procedure, a hybrid source modelling scheme that combines the low‐wavenumber deterministic and high‐wavenumber stochastic components on the fault plane is introduced, effectively addressing the high‐frequency motion radiated from the source rupture process. Subsequently, the proposed FK‐SEM procedure is verified step‐by‐step using the point source and finite‐fault source models. To illustrate the feasibility of the procedure, 3D physics‐based numerical simulations (PBSs) of two seismic events, including a historical Sanhe‐Pinggu earthquake and a well‐recorded Yangbi earthquake, are performed. The case studies validate that the proposed FK‐SEM procedure allows a significant reduction in computational effort and a substantial improvement in modelling resolution and can be applied to the source‐to‐site broadband synthetics of earthquake scenarios with limited resources. In addition, this coupled geophysics‐engineering simulation meets the requirements of time‐history analysis for engineering structures, which facilitates the study of soil‐structure interactions and regional‐scale building damage assessment.
Uncertainty quantification in the calibration of numerical elements in nonlinear seismic analysis
Authors: Zhang Hongzhou , Kwon Oh‐Sung , Christopoulos Constantin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModeling uncertainty in structural models can greatly affect the reliability of nonlinear time history results, which are central to performance‐based earthquake engineering. A crucial source of modeling uncertainty is the uncertainty in the parameters of constitutive models, which simulate the hysteretic behavior of key structural components. In current research and engineering practice, it is assumed that the accuracy of a nonlinear structural model is achieved by component calibration, which is conducted by trying to best match the response of a numerical model of a component to test results under a standardized quasi‐static loading regime. However, previous research has shown that even a very well‐fitted component‐level calibration might result in considerable errors in the system‐level structural dynamic response. This study is an initial attempt to investigate calibration relevance incorporating a rigorous uncertainty quantification framework. In the proposed framework, parameters of a constitutive model are considered as random inputs. Calibration error at the component level and global error at the system level are quantified based on the discrepancies between the simulation models with probabilistic inputs and reference models. Polynomial chaos expansions (PCEs) metamodels are implemented to conduct sensitivity analysis and investigate calibration relevance. Three buckling restrained braced frames (BRBFs) with different heights are investigated using the proposed framework. Four calibration methods’ relevance with global errors based on three engineering demand parameters (EDPs) are studied. The results allow for the identification of optimum hyperparameters to achieve peak calibration relevance and to evaluate different calibration methods for several EDPs for the three BRBFs.
Mechanisms underlying synergism between circularized tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis inducing ligand and bortezomib in bortezomib‐sensitive or ‐resistant myeloma cells
Authors: Leng Yun , Hu Xiaoyan , Li Lin , Nkwocha Jewel , Satta Toshihisa , Sharma Kanika , Kmeiciak Maciej , Zhou Huixing , Zhang Zhiyao , Zhou Liang , Chen Wenming , Grant Steven 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMechanisms underlying interactions between a novel, clinically relevant circularized tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) agonist, circularly permuted TRAIL (CPT) have been examined in multiple myeloma (MM) cells sensitive or resistant to bortezomib (BTZ). Various MM cell lines for example, U266, including those resistant to bortezomib‐resistant U266 cells were exposed to low nanomolar concentrations of bortezomib ± CPT and apoptosis monitored. Circularly permuted TRAIL and bortezomib synergistically induced apoptosis in both BTZ‐naïve and ‐resistant cells. The regimen up‐regulated DR4 receptor internalization in MM cells, known to modulate both NF‐κB and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. CPT/BTZ disrupted the non‐canonical NF‐κB pathway, reflected by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor associated factors 3 (TRAF3) up‐regulation, NF‐κB inducing kinase down‐regulation, diminished p52 and p50 processing, and B‐cell lymphoma‐extra large (BCL‐XL) down‐regulation, but failed to inactivate the canonical NF‐κB pathway, reflected by unchanged or increased expression of phospho‐p65. The regimen also sharply increased extrinsic apoptotic pathway activation. Cells exhibiting TRAF3 knock‐down, dominant‐negative Fas‐associated protein with death domain, knock‐down of caspase‐8, BCL‐2/BCL‐XL, or exposure to a caspase‐9 inhibitor displayed markedly reduced CPT/BTZ sensitivity. Concordant results were observed in bortezomib‐resistant cells. The regimen was also active in the presence of stromal cells and was relatively sparing toward normal CD34+ hematopoietic cells. Finally, ex vivo results revealed synergism in primary MM primary cells, including those BTZ, and the CPT/BTZ regimen significantly decreased tumor growth in a patient‐derived MM xenograft model. These results indicate that the CPT/BTZ regimen acts via the non‐canonical NF‐κB as well as intrinsic/extrinsic apoptotic pathways to induce cell death in MM cells, and may represent an effective strategy in the setting of bortezomib resistance.
Front Cover
Authors: Jia Mengyu , Yu Lequan , Bai Wenxing , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Limin , Wang Wei , Gao Feng 
Published: July 2022

Single‐pixel imaging (SPI) enables the use of advanced detector technologies to benefit sensing beyond the visible spectrum. However, the traditional SPI pipeline typically suffers from low image fidelity when it comes to sub‐Nyquist sampling. A deep compressive sensing framework is here proposed to tackle the challenge above. The approach follows an unsupervised learning fashion that does not need to involve physical sensing, maximizing the generalizability and transferability.Further details can be found in the article by Mengyu Jia, Lequan Yu, Wenxing Bai, Pengfei Zhang, Limin Zhang, Wei Wang, and Feng Gao (e202200045)
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Preparation and characterization of bioactive polyvinylpyrrolidone film via electrospinning technique
Authors: Abdelhafiz Mahmoud , Shalaby Ahmed S. A. , Hussein Ahmed K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractElectrospinning technique became a very common and effective method to fabricate nonwoven films with a large surface area for different purposes especially in the biomedical field. Antimicrobial submicron fibrous films based on polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) doped with silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), and (Ag‐NPS/ZnO), were successfully fabricated via the electrospinning technique. The morphology and the elemental configurations of the as‐prepared films were studied by using scanning electron microscope with EDX. While the phase formation and crystal structures were determined by using XRD analysis. The antibacterial effect was investigated against one of the most common Gram‐negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae by using a modified Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The results showed that the doping nanoparticles were uniformly loaded on the surface of the fabricated film fibers. By using Scherrer equation the calculated average crystallite sizes of Ag‐NPs, ZnO, and Ag‐NPs/ZnO on PVP fibers were 63, 30, and 44 nm, respectively. The antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the growth inhibition zones in the bacteria plates of 23.3, 54, and 60.6 mm for the samples of Ag‐NPs/PVP, ZnO/PVP, and Ag‐NPs/ZnO/PVP, respectively. The antimicrobial efficiency increased by forming nanocomposites of both ZnO nanoparticles and Ag nanoparticles inside the film.Research Highlights
Novel antimicrobial submicron electrospun membranes based on polyvinylpyrrolidone doped with silver, zinc oxide nanoparticles were successfully fabricated.
The fabricated samples showed bactericidal activity against K. pneumoniae