bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A note on financial literacy among literate people and their participation in different securities market segments
Authors: Alves Carlos Francisco 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the relationship between perceived and actual financial literacy, among generally literate people, pertaining to market participation and market participation intensity. It examines such market participation in both the traditional segments of the financial markets and the new segments [cryptocurrencies, structured retail products (SRPs) and crowdfunding].

Design/methodology/approach
The data are from a survey conducted in 2020 by the Portuguese Securities Commission in cooperation with 12 Portuguese universities. The final sample comprises 2,054 respondents. The basic and advanced financial literacy indexes were calculated following van Rooij et al. (2011). This paper uses probit regressions and ordinary least squares regressions with robust errors.

Findings
This study shows that even highly literate people are influenced by their perceived financial knowledge and its bias toward their actual skills. However, overconfidence has no significant association with securities market participation but rather is marginally correlated with the intensity of such participation. Underconfidence is negatively related to both. Moreover, the relationship between advanced financial literacy and overconfidence pertaining to participation in more complex market segments depends on the product type. Specifically, overconfidence has a positive relationship with participation in cryptocurrencies and SRPs but not with crowdfunding.

Research limitations/implications
The securities market regulators should take note that participation in some complex market segments, even among literate people, is associated with investor overconfidence. Given that effective financial literacy correlates with participation in some more complex financial market segments and not others, the implication for future research is that the performance of individual investors may differ across these different segments. Additionally, this paper argues that the metrics used to assess financial literacy must take cognizance of the topics required to participate in the new market segments of financial markets.

Originality/value
This paper augments this stream of literature in several respects. First, it focuses on highly educated and trained people rather than the general population. Second, while the previous literature measures market participation using a simple dummy to identify respondents who invest in stocks, this paper also measures the intensity of participation. In addition, this study investigates the financial literacy effect from participation in the more complex segments of the securities markets, as in the case of cryptocurrencies and SRPs.
Expanding flexible citizenship: Chinese international school students and global mobilities for higher education
Authors: Ma Ying , Wright Ewan 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
This study aims to interrogate and expand on the flexible citizenship framework by illuminating students' emergent identities and imagined future mobilities in China's expanding international school sector.

Design/methodology/approach
In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with international school students and their parents in Shenzhen, covering their motivations for overseas higher education, experience with international schooling, self-perceived identities and imagined futures.

Findings
The participants aspired to overseas higher education for both symbolic capital attainment and embodied cultural cultivation to thrive in a globalised world. They expressed confidence that international schooling experiences prepared students for mobility to Western higher education and cultivated globally-oriented identities while not undermining their Chinese roots. They imagined their futures in terms of considerable flexibility, with a rising China viewed as an attractive and feasible option for career development.

Research limitations/implications
This research provides an enriched understanding of a new generation of globally mobile Chinese students. The participants held distinctively different outlooks, aspirations and attitudes than depicted in the flexible citizenship framework, which emphasised a one-dimensional and instrumentalist portrayal of Chinese international students. This study discusses cross-generational changes in the desire for overseas education and a global-national outlook among young people in the context of significant social transformations in urban China.

Originality/value
The originality of this study is in expanding the flexible citizenship framework with reference to the emergent identities and pathways of students in the international schooling sector in China.
Effect of COVID‐19 stimulus payments on sales of local small businesses: Quasi‐experimental evidence from Korea
Authors: Choi Hoon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines how sales of local small businesses can be promoted through COVID‐19 stimulus payments. In the beginning of April, 2020, The Gyeonggi provincial government in Korea implemented a stimulus payment program worth up to 500 thousand Korean Won (416 US dollars) per person to encourage local consumption. By exploiting unique features of the stimulus payments that restricted the use of the payments in the municipality of residence at establishments accepting the Gyeonggi local currency, the paper identifies the treatment effect of the stimulus payments, taking a difference‐in‐difference‐in‐differences approach. The results suggest that the stimulus payments led to significant increases in card spending in establishments accepting the Gyeonggi local currency, relative to other establishments. The estimated overall spending effect of 4.1% persisted over three weeks, and the effects are heterogeneous across sectors. While the estimated spending effect of the stimulus payments is larger among sectors such as groceries, furniture, and beauty, sectors such as restaurants, leisure, and travel that experienced substantial sales losses did not gain much from the stimulus payments. This suggests that targeting sectors the most severely affected can be a more effective policy measure in terms of alleviating the gaps in COVID‐19 induced economic losses across sectors.
Social Networks Analysis in Accounting and Finance*
Authors: Bianchi Pietro A. , Causholli Monika , Minutti‐Meza Miguel , Sulcaj Valbona 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTSocial network analysis (SNA) examines whether interactions between individuals, teams, and organizations result in network structures and patterns that can explain important outcomes, including firm performance, management reporting behaviors, investor beliefs, and audit outcomes. This paper reviews the growing body of work on SNA in accounting and finance research, focusing on 162 articles published between 2000 and 2021, and offers a roadmap that may help move this literature forward. Our survey summarizes the elements of SNA, organizes this literature within a theoretical framework, and provides a thematic discussion of the context and contribution of the selected studies. We also discuss opportunities and challenges for future research. Finally, we include an empirical illustration of the key concepts and tools of SNA. We believe that SNA will continue to offer an interesting avenue for conducting high‐impact and cross‐disciplinary research in accounting and finance.
Can digitally‐enabled financial instruments secure an inclusive agricultural transformation?
Authors: Carter Michael R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch shows that risk management will be key if an agricultural transformation that includes the smallholder farm sector is to occur in sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia. While the smallholder farm sector has historically had poor access to financial and other risk management tools, digital technologies are rapidly impacting the cost and availability of savings, credit, and insurance services in remote rural regions. While these services are all different ways of moving money through time, and thus would seem to be substitutes for each other, they are characterized by quite different pre‐requisites in terms of trust and understanding, and in terms of required tangible and reputational assets. This observation suggests that resilience and an inclusive agricultural transformation might be best promoted by a flexible system that offers indexed risk management tools that can meet the needs of households that enjoy different assets and beliefs. This article lays out this logic and models the use and impacts of a system of flexible financial tools for risk management and an inclusive agricultural transformation. Key findings include that farmers will optimally combine all three financial instruments. The model also shows that these combined financial risk management tools are by themselves sufficient to induce agricultural intensification for less poor, but not for the deeply poor households who have already been decapitalized by shocks.
Highlights from the Turin international workshop on liver machine perfusion
Authors: Patrono Damiano , De Stefano Nicola , Martins Paulo N. , Romagnoli Renato ,   Meeting Collaborators
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe 1st Turin international workshop on liver machine perfusion, which was held in Turin (Italy) on June 10th–11th, 2022, gathered more than 50 key opinion leaders and more than 220 delegates from 11 countries. The purpose of the meeting was discussing several aspects of liver machine perfusion in liver transplantation, including the state of the art, real‐world clinical indications, and potential developments of this technology. We herein provide a brief summary of the evidence, perspectives and controversies presented during the meeting.
Outcomes of modular cable exchange in HeartMate 3 patients versus conventional driveline repair in HeartMate II patients
Authors: Merzah Ali Saad , Hanke Jasmin S. , Li Tong , Saad Merzah Fadi A. , Gabriel Maria , Derda Anselm A. , Homann Katharina , Haverich Axel , Schmitto Jan D. , Dogan Günes 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDriveline (DL) damages are a common difficulty among ventricular assist devices (VAD). Repairing the electrical fibers inside the DL on a running pump is hazardous and requires technical expertise, which is not easily available on site. A new feature of the HeartMate3 (Abbott, U.S.A.) LVAD is a modular driveline that allows an easy exchange of the DL cord. In this report we analyze our experiences with this feature.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 302 patients who underwent either HeartMate II or HeartMate 3 implantation between February 2004 and September 2021. Patients were screened for driveline faults and need for exchange or repair of driveline or VAD exchange. Documented were baseline characteristics, reasons for DL or VAD exchange, and complications. Follow‐up was three months after the procedure.ResultsWe present a cohort of 302 patients who underwent either HMII (n = 107;35.4%) or HM 3 (n = 195; 64.5%) implantation. Out of those, 40 patients (40/302; 13.2%) required driveline repair (DLRe) or exchange (DLEx). Out of 107 HMII patients, 9 showed severe DL damages (9/107; 8.4%). Six patients (6/9; 66.6%) underwent DLRe, two patients (2/6; 33.3%) required VAD exchange after DLRe, one patient (1/2;50%) experienced emergency VAD exchange after pump stop. The DLRe procedure in the other four patients (4/6; 66.6%) was successful. Due to damage to the internal driveline two patients (2/9; 22.2%) underwent emergency device exchange and one patient (1/9;11.1%) was listed for transplantation. 31 out 195 HM3 patients underwent exchange of the modular DL. In none of the cases, damages of the internal fibers were the reasons for the exchange. In 100% of the cases, damages of the external coating were the reason for DL exchange. In none of the cases, complications occurred after the exchange procedure.ConclusionsDriveline damages are a habitual, recurrent complication in VAD patients. The exchange of the modular driveline cable of the HM3 is feasible and safe compared to the conventional DL repair in HMII patients. Risky repair attempts and surgical LVAD exchange due to major damages of the electrical fibers can be avoided successfully by the new feature of HM3 driveline.
Burning the seed bank: Seed response of eight species to different fire intensities in Patagonian steppe
Authors: Gonzalez Sofía , Salazar César Vallejos , Ghermandi Luciana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQuestionsFire intensity influences the soil seed bank in fire‐prone environments. The aim of this investigation was to study the effects of fire intensity on seed germination and seedling growth of native species which belong to three functional groups (grasses, shrubs, and fire ephemerals). We addressed the following questions: (1) How does fire intensity affect the seed germination and seedling growth of the functional groups? Are there differences among species within each functional group? (2) How do seed traits (shape, size, protection structures of seeds, and embryo position) influence the resistance to high temperatures? (3) What conclusions at the community level can we infer from our results?LocationNorthwestern Patagonian grasslands, Argentina.MethodsWe performed two experimental burns using different amounts of grassland biomass to simulate low and high fire intensities on sowed seeds of eight native species (four grasses, two shrubs, and two fire ephemerals). We calculated the frequency of seed germination, mean germination time, and estimated seedling growth by weighing the dry biomass (roots and leaves). We examined the relationship of seed mass, length, and shape to the percentage of seed germination in low‐ and high‐temperature treatments.ResultsBoth temperature treatments negatively affected the seed germination of all functional groups and species, except for the fire ephemeral Boopis gracilis with protected linear embryos. Among grasses, the presence of protective structures in Pappostipa speciosa seeds and of hairs in Poa lanuginosa seeds probably provides resistance to high temperatures. Root growth of seedlings of the grasses Pappostipa speciosa and Festuca pallescens was stimulated by high‐temperature treatment ensuring post‐fire establishment.ConclusionsOur results suggest that fire intensity influences the post‐fire seed germination and seedling growth of the three dominant functional groups of northwestern Patagonian grasslands. In addition, we can affirm that the species of these functional groups have adaptations to resist wildfires and are capable of exploiting post‐fire resources.
Irresponsible contagions: Propagating harmful behavior through imitation
Authors: Bryant Andrew , Griffin Jennifer J. , Perry Vanessa G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract‘Monkey see, monkey do’ is an old saying referring to imitating another's actions without necessarily understanding the underlying motivations or being concerned about consequences, such as propagating harmful behaviors. This study examines the likelihood of firms imitating and proliferating others’ unethical, irresponsible practices thereby exacerbating harmful effects among even more firms; in doing so, irresponsible contagions can rapidly spread more broadly, negatively affecting even more consumers. Building upon rivalry‐ and information‐based imitation theories, we examine if harmful behaviors of others, in combination with misbehavior of referent firms, influences the likelihood of a firm to engage in irresponsible consumer‐related practices. After examining 25,824 firm‐year observations over 12 years, our findings suggest that imitation of harmful product‐related behavior occurs; with size an important factor related to proliferation of harmful behaviors. Testing the model against a holdout sample finds 94% accuracy. Implications for scholars, managers, and policy makers are explored.
Novel rare mutation in a conserved site of PTPRB causes human hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Jia Yangying , Chen Jianhai , Zhong Jie , He Xuefei , Zeng Li , Wang Yanmin , Li Jiakun , Xia Shengqian , Ye Erdengqieqieke , Zhao Jing , Ke Bin , Li Chunyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare but fatal birth defect in which the left side of the heart is underdeveloped. HLHS accounts for 2% to 4% of congenital heart anomalies. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted for a family trio consisting of a proband and his parents. A homozygous rare variant was detected in the PTPRB (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type B) gene of the proband by functional annotation and co‐segregation analysis. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm genotypes of the variant. The in silico prediction tools, including Mutation Taster, SpliceAI, and CADD, were used to predict the impact of the mutation. The allele frequencies across populations were compared based on multiple databases, including “1000 genomes” and “gnomAD”. We used two vectors (pcMINI and pcDNA3.1) to generate a minigene construct to validate the mutational effect at the transcriptional level. Family‐based WGS analyses showed that only a homozygous splice acceptor variant (NC_000012.12: g.70636068T>G, NM_001109754.4: c.56‐2A>C, NG_029940.2: g.6373A>C) at the exon‐intron border of PTPRB gene associates with HLHS. This variant is also within the region with the enhancer activity based on UCSC genome annotation. Genotyping and Sanger sequencing revealed that the proband's parents are heterozygous for this variant. Evolutionary conservation analysis revealed that the site (NC_000012.12: g.70636068) is extremely conserved across species, supporting the evolutionary functional constraints of the ancestral wild type (T). In silico tools universally predicted a deleterious or disease‐causing impact of the mutation from T to G. The mutation was not found in the 1000 genomes and gnomAD databases, which indicates that this mutation is very rare in most human populations. A splicing assay indicated that the mutated minigene caused aberrant splicing of mRNA, in which a 3 bp missing in the second exon resulted in the deletion of one amino acid (NP_001103224.1:p.Glu19del) compared to the normal protein of PRPTB (also the VE‐PTP). Structure prediction revealed that the deletion occurred within the C‐region of the signal peptide of VE‐PTP, suggesting signal peptide‐related defects as a potential mechanism for the HLHS cellular pathogeny. We report a rare homozygous variant with splicing error in PTPRB associated with HLHS. Previous model species studies revealed conserved functions of PTPRB in cardiovascular and heart development in mice and zebrafish. Our study is the first report to show the association between PTPRB and HLHS in humans.
Anthropogenic dark earth: Evolution, distribution, physical, and chemical properties
Authors: Asare Michael O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic dark earth (ADE) is a category of Anthrosols (anthropogenic soils) characterised by dark colour from homogeneous charcoal inclusion and extraordinary fertility compared with non‐anthropogenic soils. The study aims to provide a detailed overview of the origin and distributions of ADEs, together with their physical and chemical characteristics, to reveal their fertility status for arable land use. According to this study, most studied ADEs are well distributed in tropical (Amazonian and African dark earth) and temperate (European dark earth) climatic regions. Middens are localised, with large‐sized ones well preserved in the Arctic region due to the wet and cold weather conditions. The formation of ADE is mainly associated with deliberate and unintentional ancient human activities: deposition of domestic and occupational wastes, charred residues, biomass ashes, burning, and fertilisation of fields. The characteristic dark colour of ADE resulted mainly from charcoal and the decomposition of organic wastes. The material composition of ADEs (including charcoal, organic matter, and clay) contributes to the formation of sizable pores for the retention of water and elements and aeration. ADE exhibits a C:N ratio for good mineralization, stable organic matter stock, and higher cation exchange capacity. Additionally, ADEs are characterised by circum‐neutral reactions and enriched by nutrients (C, N, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) and other elements (Sr, Rb, and Ba) compared with surrounding non‐anthropogenic soils. Although generally highly productive, a comparison of herbage production and crop yields between ADEs and natural soils is not well studied. The persistence of anthropogenic activities that lead to the formation of ADE indicates that these soils are still subject to continuous development, especially in rural settings. Adopting the process of ADE development in recent arable land can represent a promising future for sustainable agriculture.Highlights
Anthropogenic dark earths (ADEs) are characterized by their physical and chemical signatures.
Characteristic high pore size of ADEs due to charcoal inclusion support the retention of nutrients.
ADEs are often have reduced acidity and high C, N, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe contents.
ADEs represent an archive of fertile soils suitable for sustainable agriculture.
Electroencephalography functional connectivity—A biomarker for painful polyneuropathy
Authors: Topaz Leah Shafran , Frid Alex , Granovsky Yelena , Zubidat Rabab , Crystal Shoshana , Buxbaum Chen , Bosak Noam , Hadad Rafi , Domany Erel , Alon Tayir , Meir Yalon Lian , Shor Merav , Khamaisi Mogher , Hochberg Irit , Yarovinsky Nataliya , Volkovich Zeev , Bennett David L. , Yarnitsky David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeAdvanced analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data has become an essential tool in brain research. Based solely on resting state EEG signals, a data‐driven, predictive and explanatory approach is presented to discriminate painful from non‐painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) patients.MethodsThree minutes long, 64 electrode resting‐state recordings were obtained from 180 DPN patients. The analysis consisted of a mixture of traditional, explanatory and machine learning analyses. First, the 10 functional bivariate connections best differentiating between painful and non‐painful patients in each EEG band were identified and the relevant receiver operating characteristic was calculated. Later, those connections were correlated with selected clinical parameters.ResultsPredictive analysis indicated that theta and beta bands contain most of the information required for discrimination between painful and non‐painful polyneuropathy patients, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values of 0.93 for theta and 0.89 for beta bands. Assessing statistical differences between the average magnitude of functional connectivity values and clinical pain parameters revealed that painful DPN patients had significantly higher cortical functional connectivity than non‐painful ones (p = 0.008 for theta and p = 0.001 for alpha bands). Moreover, intra‐band analysis of individual significant functional connections revealed a positive correlation with average reported pain in the previous 3 months in all frequency bands.ConclusionsResting state EEG functional connectivity can serve as a highly accurate biomarker for the presence or absence of pain in DPN patients. This highlights the importance of the brain, in addition to the peripheral lesions, in generating the clinical pain picture. This tool can probably be extended to other pain syndromes.