bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling nitrogen transformation in the Lake Bunyonyi ecosystem, South-Western Uganda
Authors: Saturday Alex , Lyimo Thomas J. , Machiwa John , Pamba Siajali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLake Bunyonyi is one of the major resources of social-economic potential in the districts of Rubanda and Kabale, South-Western Uganda. The lake’s sub-catchment faces environmental problems because of intensive agriculture, settlement, business and tourism activities, which consequently cause pollution of water in the lake’s system. This study, therefore, intended to determine the processes that govern nitrogen dynamism using a numerical model that takes into account various processes in the system using STELLA® 8.1.1 software. From the model simulation, it was found that mineralization, microbial uptake and nitrification were the major processes governing nitrogen transformation in the water phase, accounting for 47.8% (0.49 g/d m−2), 44.2% (0.45 g/d m−2), and 7.8% (0.05 g/d m−2), respectively. The developed model predicted reasonably well the behaviour of the lake evidenced by the validation results of observed and simulated data that showed good linear regression coefficients (R2) of organic nitrogen (0.48), ammonia–nitrogen (0.68), and nitrate–nitrogen (0.61). The model has proven suitable for application on lakes with characteristics similar to that of Lake Bunyonyi. The study recommended that a compressive investigation that puts into consideration all the possible sources of nutrient and water inflow into the lake system be done on Lake Bunyonyi.
Mean GH profile is more accurate than single fasting GH in the evaluation of acromegaly disease control during somatostatin receptor ligands therapy
Authors: Bona C. , Prencipe N. , Berton A. M. , Bioletto F. , Parasiliti-Caprino M. , Gasco V. , Ghigo E. , Grottoli S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to compare the accuracy of mean GH profile (GHP) < 2.5 ng/ml and single fasting GH (SGH) < 1 ng/ml in the evaluation of disease control in acromegaly patients during somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs) therapy.

Methods
We retrospectively enrolled 100 acromegaly patients, 68 responder, and 32 partial responder to SRLs. Controlled disease has been defined as IGF-I levels within age-related normal limits, while partial response as pathological IGF-I values despite a reduction ≥ 50%. In all patients, GHP, SGH, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 were evaluated.

Results
Median GHP levels (1.2 ng/ml, IQR 0.5–2.3 ng/ml) were lower (p = 0.001) than SGH (1.9 ng/ml, IQR 1.0–3.6 ng/ml). Accuracy of GHP was 81%, whereas that of SGH was 55%, with a Kappa index of 0.520 and 0.237, respectively. In multivariable analysis GHP (p = 0.002) and IGFBP-3 (p = 0.004), but not SGH, were independently associated with normal IGF-I levels. At receiver–operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis GHP cut-off sensitivity and specificity were 94.1% and 50.0%, respectively, while SGH sensitivity and specificity were 35.3% and 93.7%, respectively. Finally, in obese patients the GH cut-off level (both as SGH and GHP) associated to good disease control was significantly different with respect to not obese ones.

Conclusions
GHP associates with IGF-I (and therefore with appropriate control of disease) with higher accuracy than SGH. When GH evaluation is needed, the measurement of mean GHP should be preferred and use of BMI-related cut-offs is suggested.
Vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone assessment in girls with central precocious puberty
Authors: Durá-Travé T. , Gallinas-Victoriano F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to analyze vitamin D status and PTH concentrations in 6- to 8-year-old girls with central precocious puberty.

Methods
A cross-sectional clinical and blood testing study (calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)D and PTH) was carried out in 78 girls with central precocious puberty (CPP group), aged 6.1–7.9 years. A control group was recruited (137 prepubertal girls, aged 6.1–8.2 years). The criteria of the US Endocrine Society were used for the definition of hypovitaminosis D.

Results
There were no significant differences in vitamin D status between both groups. There were no significant differences in 25(OH)D concentrations between CPP (25.4 ± 8.6 ng/mL) and control groups (28.2 ± 7.4 ng/mL). In contrast, PHT concentrations in CPP group (44.8 ± 16.3 pg/mL) were higher (p < 0.05) with respect to control group (31.0 ± 11.9 ng/mL). In CPP group, there was a positive correlation (p < 0.05) between PTH concentrations and growth rate, bone age, and basal estradiol, basal FSH, basal LH and LH peak concentrations.

Conclusion
Vitamin D status in 6- to 8-year-old girls with CPP is similar to that in prepubertal girls. PTH concentrations were significantly higher in girls with CPP, and this could be considered as a physiological characteristic of puberty and, in this case, of pubertal precocity.
A novel density deviation multi-peaks automatic clustering algorithm
Authors: Zhou Wei , Wang Limin , Han Xuming , Parmar Milan , Li Mingyang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe density peaks clustering (DPC) algorithm is a classical and widely used clustering method. However, the DPC algorithm requires manual selection of cluster centers, a single way of density calculation, and cannot effectively handle low-density points. To address the above issues, we propose a novel density deviation multi-peaks automatic clustering method (AmDPC) in this paper. Firstly, we propose a new local-density and use the deviation to measure the relationship between data points and the cut-off distance ($$d_c$$

d
c

). Secondly, we divide the density deviation into multiple density levels equally and extract the points with higher distances in each density level. Finally, for the multi-peak points with higher distances at low-density levels, we merge them according to the size difference of the density deviation. We finally achieve the overall automatic clustering by processing the low-density points. To verify the performance of the method, we test the synthetic dataset, the real-world dataset, and the Olivetti Face dataset, respectively. The simulation experimental results indicate that the AmDPC method can handle low-density points more effectively and has certain effectiveness and robustness.
Electromagnetic counterparts to massive black-hole mergers
Authors: Bogdanović Tamara , Miller M. Coleman , Blecha Laura 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe next two decades are expected to open the door to the first coincident detections of electromagnetic (EM) and gravitational-wave (GW) signatures associated with massive black-hole (MBH) binaries heading for coalescence. These detections will launch a new era of multimessenger astrophysics by expanding this growing field to the low-frequency GW regime and will provide an unprecedented understanding of the evolution of MBHs and galaxies. They will also constitute fundamentally new probes of cosmology and would enable unique tests of gravity. The aim of this Living Review is to provide an introduction to this research topic by presenting a summary of key findings, physical processes and ideas pertaining to EM counterparts to MBH mergers as they are known at the time of this writing. We review current observational evidence for close MBH binaries, discuss relevant physical processes and timescales, and summarize the possible EM counterparts to GWs in the precursor, coalescence, and afterglow stages of a MBH merger. We also describe open questions and discuss future prospects in this dynamic and quick-paced research area.
Formalizing and Integrating User Knowledge into Security Analytics
Authors: Böhm Fabian , Vielberth Manfred , Pernul Günther 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Internet-of-Things and ubiquitous cyber-physical systems increase the attack surface for cyber-physical attacks. They exploit technical vulnerabilities and human weaknesses to wreak havoc on organizations’ information systems, physical machines, or even humans. Taking a stand against these multi-dimensional attacks requires automated measures to be combined with people as their knowledge has proven critical for security analytics. However, there is no uniform understanding of information security knowledge and its integration into security analytics activities. With this work, we structure and formalize the crucial notions of knowledge that we deem essential for holistic security analytics. A corresponding knowledge model is established based on the Incident Detection Lifecycle, which summarizes the security analytics activities. This idea of knowledge-based security analytics highlights a dichotomy in security analytics. Security experts can operate security mechanisms and thus contribute their knowledge. However, security novices often cannot operate security mechanisms and, therefore, cannot make their highly-specialized domain knowledge available for security analytics. This results in several severe knowledge gaps. We present a research prototype that shows how several of these knowledge gaps can be overcome by simplifying the interaction with automated security analytics techniques.
Machine learning and artificial intelligence use in marketing: a general taxonomy
Authors: De Mauro Andrea , Sestino Andrea , Bacconi Andrea 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe emergence of consumer-generated data and the growing availability of Machine Learning (ML) techniques are revolutionizing marketing practices. Marketers and researchers are far from having a thorough understanding of the broad range of opportunities ML applications offer in creating and maintaining a competitive business advantage. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy of ML use cases in marketing based on a systematic review of academic and business literature. We have identified 11 recurring use cases, organized in 4 homogeneous families which correspond to the fundamentals leverage areas of ML in marketing, namely: shopper fundamentals, consumption experience, decision making, and financial impact. We discuss the recurring patterns identified in the taxonomy and provide a conceptual framework for its interpretation and extension, highlighting practical implications for marketers and researchers.
The generalized spatial random effects model in R
Authors: Millo Giovanni 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe describe a user-friendly, production quality R implementation of the maximum likelihood estimator of the generalized spatial random effects (GSRE) model of Baltagi, Egger and Pfaffermayr within the well known ’splm’ package for spatial panel econometrics. We extend the maximum likelihood estimator for the GSRE to including a spatial lag of the dependent variable (SAR), and we discuss the theoretical and computational approach. This is the first implementation of the SAR+GSRE, and the second of the original GSRE. Until recently only estimators restricting the spatial structure of individual effects in an arbitrary way have been available and widely employed in applied practice. We present results from the SAR+GSRE and the restricted estimators side by side, drawing on some well-known examples from the spatial econometrics literature. The potential biases from imposing inappropriate restrictions to the spatial error process and/or from omitting the SAR term are illustrated by simulation.
Development and characterisation of an irradiation device for biomedical studies covering the solar spectrum with individual regulated spectral bands
Authors: Plitta-Michalak B. , Stricker N. , Pavez Loriè E. , Chen I. , Pollet M. , Krutmann J. , Volkmer B. , Greinert R. , Boukamp P. , Rapp A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo understand the importance of terrestrial solar exposure on human skin, not only individual spectral components need to be considered in biomedical studies, but also the relevance of the combined action profile of the complete solar spectrum (cSS) must be established. We therefore developed a novel irradiation device that combines the emission of four individual lamps (UVB, UVA, VIS and nIR) to achieve exposure from 280 to 1400 nm with individual controllable lamps. The integrated irradiance of each spectral band is similar to the solar spectrum. The lamps can be utilised individually or in any desired combination. Here we present the design, realisation, and validation of this irradiation device as well as biological results on cellular metabolism (MTT assay), cell cycle alterations, and clonogenic growth in HaCaT cells after exposures to the individual spectral bands as well as their simultaneous combinations. Thereby, we demonstrate that UVB combined with UVA is the main determinant for the metabolic activity within cSS. Also, UVB-dependent effects dominate cell cycle regulation in cSS, whilst UVA and nIR have little influence. Lastly, also clonogenic growth is dominated by the UVB action profile in cSS, despite nIR showing modulatory activity when applied in combination with UVB. Together, this highlights the regulatory influence of the different spectral bands on the three biological endpoints and demonstrates their modulation when being part of the complete solar spectrum.
Graphical abstract
On Some Mixing Properties of Copula-Based Markov Chains
Authors: Longla Martial , Mous-Abou Hamadou , Ngongo Isidore Seraphin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper brings some insights of $$\psi '$$

ψ
′

-mixing, $$\psi ^*$$

ψ
∗

-mixing and $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing for copula-based Markov chains and the perturbations of their copulas. We provide new tools to check Markov chains for $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing or $$\psi '$$

ψ
′

-mixing. We show that perturbations of $$\psi '$$

ψ
′

-mixing copula-based Markov chains are $$\psi '$$

ψ
′

-mixing while perturbations of $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing Markov chains are not necessarily $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing Markov chains, even when the perturbed copula generates $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing. The Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern, gaussian and Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula families are considered among other examples. A statistical study is provided to emphasize the impact of perturbations on copula-based Markov chains in a simulation study. Moreover, we provide a correction to a statement made in Longla et al. (J Korean Stat Soc, 1–23, 2021) on $$\psi$$
ψ
-mixing.
Generalized topology optimization for architectural design
Authors: Xie Yi Min 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn recent years, topology optimization has become a popular strategy for creating elegant and innovative forms for architectural design. However, the use of existing topology optimization techniques in practical applications, especially for large-scale projects, is rare because the generated forms often cannot satisfy all the design requirements of architects and engineers. This paper identifies the limitations of commonly used assumptions in topology optimization and highlights the importance of having multiple solutions. We show how these limitations could be removed and present various techniques for generating diverse and competitive structural designs that are more useful for architects. Unlike conventional topology optimization, we may include load and support conditions as additional design variables to enhance the structural performance substantially. Furthermore, we show that varying the design domain provides a plethora of opportunities to achieve more-desirable design outcomes.
Characterization of the plasma mirror system at the J-KAREN-P facility
Authors: Kon Akira , Nishiuchi Mamiko , Fukuda Yuji , Kondo Kotaro , Ogura Koichi , Sagisaka Akito , Miyasaka Yasuhiro , Dover Nicholas P. , Kando Masaki , Pirozhkov Alexander S. , Daito Izuru , Chang Liu , Choi Il Woo , Nam Chang Hee , Ziegler Tim , Schlenvoigt Hans-Peter , Zeil Karl , Schramm Ulrich , Kiriyama Hiromitsu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report on the design and characterization of the plasma mirror system installed on the J-KAREN-P laser at the Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology. The reflectivity of the single plasma mirror system exceeded 80%. In addition, the temporal contrast was improved by two orders of magnitude at 1 ps before the main pulse. Furthermore, the laser near-field spatial distribution after the plasma mirror was kept constant at plasma mirror fluence of less than 100 kJ/cm2. We also present the results of investigating the difference and the fluctuation in energy, pulse width and pointing stability with and without the plasma mirror system.
Effect of cloud-based information systems on the agile development of industrial business process management
Authors: Wang Jian , Xu Yi-Peng , She Chen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBusiness process management (BPM) has been the main driver behind company optimization and operational efficiency. However, the digitization era we live in necessitates that organizations be agile and adaptable. Delivering unprecedented rates of automation-fueled agility is necessary to be a part of this digital revolution. On the other hand, BPM automation cannot be done only by concentrating on procedure space and traditional planning methodologies. With the introduction of BPM, where the deployment of BPM with cloud computing has undergone enormous development lately, cloud computing has been considered a particularly active topic of study. Cloud computing points to the provision of dependable computing environments based on improved infrastructure availability and service quality without imposing a significant cost load. This research aims to discover the relationship between technical factors, financial factors, environmental factors, security of the cloud-based information systems, and the agile development of industrial BPM (IBPM). The present study aims to fill this gap and show how partial least squares structural equation modeling (SEM) can be employed in this field. Importance–performance map analysis (IPMA) evaluated the importance and performance of factors in the SEM. IPMA enables the identification of factors with relatively low performance but relatively high importance in shaping dependent variables. The empirical findings showed that four key factors (technical, financial, environmental, and security) positively influence the agile development of IBPM.
Girl at the margin: historicizing Adunni’s subjective rendition of colonial Lagos, 1930–60
Authors: Decker Tunde 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article tells one of the many stories that remain largely untold despite the vast literature on colonial Lagos history. Although the social history of Lagos has witnessed increasing interest on the part of historians and scholars from other disciplines and has been told in relation to sex, childhood, social welfare, state, gender and elitism, many personal renditions of the city’s history are hidden from mainstream narratives. The article examines one such personal history. In particular, it exhumes narratives from the phenomenological content of Adunni’s story – of teenage and early adult years, largely lived in the late colonial period. Adunni’s personal experiences speak to those of other living (though few) individuals whose status as living archives often enriches scholarly interrogations but who are regarded as sources of history rather than history itself. This article presents Adunni as a telling example of this neglected aspect of colonial Lagos history.
On the computation of Hopf 2-cocycles with an example of diagonal type
Authors: García Iglesias Agustín , Sánchez José Ignacio 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a framework for the computation of the Hopf 2-cocycles involved in the deformations of Nichols algebras over semisimple Hopf algebras. We write down a recurrence formula and investigate the extent of the connection with invariant Hochschild cohomology in terms of exponentials. As an example, we present detailed computations leading to the explicit description of the Hopf 2-cocycles involved in the deformations of a Nichols algebra of Cartan type
$A_2$
with
$q=-1$
, a.k.a. the positive part of the small quantum group
$\mathfrak{u}^+_{\sqrt{-\text{1}}}(\mathfrak{sl}_3)$
. We show that these cocycles are generically pure, that is they are not cohomologous to exponentials of Hochschild 2-cocycles.
Impacts of alien polychaete species in marine ecosystems: a systematic review
Authors: Alvarez-Aguilar A. , Van Rensburg H. , Simon C.A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis systematic review analysed scientific publications to identify relevant research about the impact of alien polychaete species around the world, using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) guide. The criterion for inclusion was studies published in English, with the key terms (e.g. ‘impact’, ‘alien species’, ‘polychaetes’) in the title, abstract and keywords. The literature search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science from April to December 2020. The search resulted in 150 papers that included information about impact of alien polychaete species. Of these studies, 98% were published in the last 25 years, reporting on the impact of 40 species in 18 regions of the world. Sixty-one per cent of the research was conducted in the Baltic Sea, South-west Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. The most frequent type of study was field surveys (46%) and the most studied system was open coast areas (36%). The species with the highest number of publications about their impacts were Ficopomatus enigmaticus, Marenzelleria viridis, Sabella spallanzanii and Boccardia proboscidea. Based on evidence of their most severe documented impacts in their introduced ranges, the impact mechanisms (IMos) of the alien polychaete species were strongly related to their biology and lifestyles. We found that species that build conspicuous reefs and tube-dwellers mainly showed physical and structural impact on ecosystems; shell-borers, mainly parasitism and infauna species, showed mainly chemical, physical and structural impacts on ecosystems. Some recommendations for the study of alien polychaete species are discussed.
Are Factors Associated with Adult Refugees’ Settlement different from Well-Being? A Longitudinal Study focusing on Gender and Age in Australia
Authors: MAHADEVAN RENUKA , JAYASINGHE MANEKA 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing three waves of data and tracing the same refugees over time, this paper shows that some factors associated with settlement experience are different from life satisfaction. Evidence shows that although settlement experience has not improved over time, life satisfaction of both male and female refugees has. The non-linear effect of age on life satisfaction disappears over time while that of settlement experience lingers on. Discrimination affects both male and female life satisfaction but is only a concern for females and the younger cohort’s settlement experience. Psychological capital did not appear to moderate the discrimination effect, but this needs to be robustly examined further. Lastly, different support for refugees over time and a targeted focus on some groups is likely to be more effective than a blanket support policy.