bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of eye health in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and celiac disease
Authors: Dereci S , Hizli S , Bolu S , Asik A , Direkci I , Karadag AS 
Published: November 2022

Background:Pediatric celiac disease (CeD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have well established effects on eye health but comorbid effect is not known.Aim:To evaluate the eye health of children with T1DM and CeD to predict microvascular retinal pathologies by diagnosis of probable intraocular pressure increase which is an important glaucoma trigger.Patients and Methods:In this case-controlled study, 28 eyes of 14 children both T1DM and CeD, with a mean age of 12.6 ± 3.9 years, and 28 eyes of gender-matched 14 healthy children as a control group were included. In both groups, detailed ocular examinations and measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), thicknesses of ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and choroid thicknesses (CT) were done. All the patients with T1DM and CeD were newly diagnosed. The evaluations of IOP and OPA were made using a Pascal dynamic tonometer and thicknesses measured by optical coherence tomography.Results:The IOP and OPA values of the patient group were found to be statistically significantly higher than those of the control group (17.1 and 1.86 vs 14.78 and 1.57 mmHg,P<.0001,P<.001, respectively). IOP values of all patients were higher than IOP cut off levels for diagnosis of hypertension. CT was significantly thinner in the patient group than in the control group (385.4 μm vs 331.71 μm, respectively,P< 0.03). No significant difference was found between the groups in respect of GCL, IPL, and RNFL values.Conclusion:The higher IOP and OPA values of the children with T1DM and CeD were considered to be the result of the microvascular pathologies in T1DM and increased inflammation associated with CeD. High IOP and OPA values can lead to damage in the eye as intraocular blood flow and choroidal perfusion are affected. In order to prevent these eye problems, measurement of IOP and OPA should be done in children with diagnosis of T1DM and CeD and also follow up studies needed.
The study of genetic predisposition on periodontitis and peri-implantitis
Authors: Turkmen M , Firatli E 
Published: November 2022

Background:Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis cases increase in number with the increase of implant applications. Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are defined as inflammatory diseases with inflammation and loss in soft and hard tissue, similar to the other periodontal diseases. As observed in many diseases, genetic predisposition factors also affect the progress of periodontitis and peri-implantitis.Aim:This study examines if there is any solid genetic predisposition causing periodontitis and peri-implantitis formation in Turkish patients.Patients & Methods:In order to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Interleukin-8 (IL-8) and N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), playing a role in the chemotaxis of neutrophils, and Fc Gamma Receptor IIA (FcγRIIA) and Fc Gamma Receptor IIIA (FcγRIIIA), playing a role in the antigen-antibody complexes and phagocytosis, were selected. Thirty-two Turkish non-smoking subjects, having periodontitis, thirty-three Turkish non-smoking subjects, having peri-implantitis and thirty-three Turkish non-smoking healthy subjects were selected. In total 98 adults participated in our study. Collected saliva samples from the participants were used for DNA isolation. SNPs were determined in these subgroups of the study by means of genotype-specific polymerase chain reactions.Results:When IL-8 A-251T, FcγRIIa -H131 and FcγRIIIa -V158 polymorphism were evaluated, no significant difference was found between periodontitis, peri-implantitis and healthy groups. However, this study observed that fMLP Receptor (FPR1) gene polymorphism creates a significant difference in individuals at higher risk of periodontitis or peri-implantitis.Conclusion:Results show that individuals with the G genotype have a higher risk of periodontitis, while individuals with G / C genotype have higher risk of peri-implantitis.
Penile skin length can be predicted before frenuloplasty during routine circumcision
Authors: Akman M 
Published: November 2022

Background:
One of the restricting factors for surgical treatment of congenital anatomical pathologies of the penis is the skin structure. Thanks to its structure, the penis is a flexible organ structure, and the treatment can be completed without the need for a free tissue graft. Length changes are obtained on the ventral side of the penis by frenuloplasty.

Aims:
Our study aims to attain an objective formula that could noninvasively predict these changes on the ventral side before the procedure.

Patients and Methods:
In our study, 52 patients who were admitted for routine religious circumcision were included, and penile ventral and dorsal skin and inner mucosa lengths were measured before and after frenuloplasty, which is a part of the normal routine circumcision procedure and performed via the “pull and burn” method. Stitches were done to prevent scar formation in the frenuloplasty area. The results were used to estimate the length changes to be obtained on the ventral side by performing a regression analysis of the patient's weight, height, ventral and dorsal inner mucosa, and outer skin lengths. Result: Following frenuloplasty, an increase was detected in the ventral surface ranging from 20% to 177%. This increase was found to be predictable with 62.5% precision (P < 0.01) using the formulation established by assessing the ventral inner mucosa length from pre-procedure values. No significant result was determined in the regression analysis of the patients' other measurements (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Penile length changes that would occur following frenuloplasty can be calculated using a noninvasive method. Frenuloplasty, which would be performed without any vascular change, could be helpful in the surgical planning of some penile surgeries. More studies should be conducted on older boys, in anatomic deviations, and moreover, to establish a reliable formulation.
An intervention plan for preventing and handling amateur soccer players' injuries
Authors: Bakarman MA , Tashkandi M , Mohammed NS 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The majority of amateur soccer players are vulnerable to soccer-related injuries and many such injuries are avoidable with an adequate education.

Aim:
The present study aimed to measure the impact of an intervention educational plan on improving amateur soccer players' knowledge and skills in preventing and handling soccer-related injuries.

Subjects and Methods:
The study design is a group-clustered randomized intervention-control trial, and it was carried out in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. The “Neighborhood League of Football” players were randomly allocated to a soccer injury prevention education group (intervention group) and a control group. A predesigned and validated questionnaire was used to study the changes in knowledge and skills about soccer injuries before the intervention (response a) and after (response b).

Results:
The study included 246 participants in the intervention group and 256 in the control group (n = 502). The median age was 22 years. The comparison of both groups' participants' performance showed significant differences in response b analyses and participants in the intervention group achieved significantly higher scores than the control group in total score levels (P < .0001), injury mechanisms (P < .0001), injury treatment and prevention (P < .0001), and health status (P < .034). The intervention group's scores on response b (after the educational sessions) were significantly higher than response a (before the educational sessions, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
In multiple scales and overall score levels, intervention group participants achieved significantly higher scores than their control group counterparts. Educational assistance appears to have had a good impact on their knowledge and skills.
Pattern and awareness of complementary and alternative medicine usage for otorhinolaryngological problems among residents in Ekiti State
Authors: Olajide TG , Olajuyin OA , Agboola SM , Aina FO , Adeniyi MA , Popoola GO , Agbana RD 
Published: November 2022

Background:
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the treatment of various ailments globally has called for more research.

Aim:
This study aimed to draw the attention of the stakeholders to the prevalence, pattern and awareness of CAM usage in otorhinolaryngological ailments and the need to safeguard the health of CAM users in Ekiti state, south – west Nigeria.

Patients and Methods:
This is a cross sectional descriptive study carried out over a 12-month period (January to December, 2019) among consented patients that attended ear, nose, and Throat (ENT) clinics in two tertiary health institutions in Ekiti state. All the participants are aged 18 years and above. A self-administered semi structured questionnaire was used to collect data from our respondents.

Results:
A total of 148 respondents were analyzed comprising of 56 (37.8%) males and 92 (62.2%) females given a male to female ratio of 1:1.6. Their age ranged from 20–79 years with a mean of 48.03 ± 15.11 SD. The highest response was in the age group 40–49 years representing 30.4% of the respondents. About half (51.4%) of our respondents were aware of the use of CAM for throat-related conditions. Few of the respondents (18.9%) are currently using CAM. About 33.1% of our respondents were satisfied with CAM. Only 4 (2.7%) of them experienced side effects to the use of CAM. For ear-related problems, Anointing/Olive (Olea europaea) oil was most commonly used in 34.5% of our respondents; Effinrin (Ocimum gratissimum), a local herb was commonly used in 29.7% for nose and local gin in 37.2% of our respondents for throat problems. Majority of them 44 (29.7%) got information about the various agents used through Vendors/traditional health practitioner.

Conclusion:
This study showed that the prevalent of CAM usage in ORL is quite low in our setting, which represent about one-fifth of the respondents. Although respondents claimed that the system was efficacious, awareness to its usage was very low and there was no evidence to prove that the diagnosis were known before using CAM. The use of Orthodox method in treating Otorhinolaryngological ailments is still the best. We therefore recommend empirical studies on CAM in future.
Assessment of Bacterial Community Profile in the Rearing Pond Environment and the Intestinal Tract of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Lampung Province, Indonesia using 16S rRNA Gene Amplicon Sequencing: A Short Research Investigation
Authors: Hastuti Yuni Puji , Fatma Yuli Siti , Tridesianti Siska 
Published: November 2022

Along with the high demand for shrimp, the production challenges faced by practitioners are increasing in Indonesia, one of which is in Lampung region. Various basic monitoring techniques regarding the environment and farmed shrimp are needed to control production sustainability. This present study aimed to identify the bacterial community profile in the rearing pond water and intestinal tract of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Illumina-based sequencing was chosen to determine the bacterial community using the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Sequence data revealed the differences in bacterial community structure between the rearing water and shrimp intestines. Proteobacteria was the most prevalent phylum in the rearing water (W.B), accounting for 45.29 %, followed by Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In the shrimp intestinal tract (S.B), Cyanobacteria (35.15 %) dominated the microbiota, followed by Proteobacteria, Saccharibacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, TM6 (Dependentiae), and Firmicutes. Cyanobacteria were higher in the shrimp intestines (35.15 %) than in the rearing water (26.63 %). In addition, Escherichia-Shigella was the most common genera in the rearing water and shrimp intestines with different relative abundance. Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella highly detected in the rearing water and shrimp’s intestines might indicate that pond water had been polluted. Further investigation is necessary on the correlation of Cyanobacteria in the shrimp intestines with water pollution, proven by the dominance of Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella. These findings provide basic information to enhance our understanding of the microbial community and their roles in the shrimp culture environment to improve the quantity and quality of the yield and support its sustainability.
HIGHLIGHTS

Bacterial community profile in the rearing water and the intestinal tract of Pacific whiteleg shrimp play important roles in shrimp production
Bacterial community structure differed between the rearing water and shrimp intestines
Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the rearing water (W.B), while Cyanobacteria dominated the microbiota in the intestinal tract of Pacific whiteleg shrimp
Cyanobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella highly detected in the rearing water and shrimp’s intestines might indicate that pond water had been polluted

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Consciousness, Revelation, and Confusion
Authors: Roelofs Luke 
Published: November 2022

Critics have charged constitutive panpsychism with inconsistency. Panpsychists reject physicalism for its seeming inability to explain consciousness. In making this argument, they commit themselves to the idea of "revelation": that we know, in some especially direct way, the nature of consciousness. Yet they then attribute properties to ourconsciousness---like being constituted out of trillions of simpler experiential parts---that conflict with how it seems introspectively. This seems to pose a dilemma: either revelation is false, and physicalism remains intact, or revelation is true, and constitutive panpsychists are hoist by their own petard. But this is too simplistic. Constitutive panpsychists can say that our minds contain innumerable phenomenal states that are "confused" with one another: immediately present to introspection only en masse, not individually. Accepting revelation does not require ignoring the attentional, conceptual, and interpretive limitations of introspection, and these familiar limitations remove the tension between panpsychism and relevation.
Maribavir (Livtencity)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: November 2022

CADTH recommends that Livtencity should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adults with post-transplant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection/disease who are refractory (with or without genotypic resistance) to 1 or more prior antiviral therapies if certain conditions are met.
Livtencity should only be covered to treat adult patients with CMV infections that are refractory (with or without resistance) to 1 or more of the following antiviral drugs: valganciclovir, ganciclovir, foscarnet, or cidofovir.
Livtencity should only be reimbursed if prescribed by clinicians with experience and expertise in transplant medicine, transplant infectious disease, or infectious diseases, and if the cost of Livtencity is reduced.
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: November 2022

CADTH recommends that Keytruda should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of stage IIB/IIC melanoma following complete resection only if certain conditions are met.
Keytruda should only be covered to treat patients who have stage IIB or stage IIC melanoma who have not received prior treatment beyond surgery.
Keytruda should only be reimbursed if prescribed in an outpatient oncology clinic and supervised by a specialist who has experience in delivery of immunotherapy, and if the cost of Keytruda is reduced.
Emit now, mitigate later? Earth system reversibility under overshoots of different magnitudes and durations
Authors: Schwinger Jörg , Asaadi Ali , Steinert Norman Julius , Lee Hanna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Anthropogenic CO2 emissions cause irreversible climate change
on centennial to millennial timescales, yet current mitigation efforts are
insufficient to limit global warming to a level that is considered safe.
Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) has been suggested as an option to partially
reverse climate change and to return the Earth system to a less dangerous
state after a period of temperature overshoot. Whether or to what extent
such partial reversal of climate change under CDR would happen is, next to
socio-economic feasibility and sustainability, key to assessing CDR as a
mitigation option. Here, we use a state-of-the-art Earth system model that
includes a representation of permafrost carbon to investigate the
reversibility of the Earth system after overshoots of different durations and
magnitudes in idealized simulations. We find that atmospheric CO2
concentrations are slightly lower after an overshoot, compared to a
reference simulation without overshoot, due to a near-perfect compensation
of carbon losses from land by increased ocean carbon uptake during the
overshoot periods. The legacy of an overshoot is, on a centennial timescale, indiscernible (within natural variability) from a reference case
without overshoot for many aspects of the Earth system including global
average surface temperature, marine and terrestrial productivity, strength
of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, surface ocean pH,
surface O2 concentration, and permafrost extent, except in the most extreme overshoot scenario considered in this study. Consistent with
previous studies, we find irreversibility in permafrost carbon and deep
ocean properties like seawater temperature, pH, and O2 concentrations. We do not find any indication of tipping points or self-reinforcing feedbacks that would put the Earth system on a significantly different trajectory after an overshoot. Hence, the effectiveness of CDR in partially reversing large-scale patterns of climate change might not be the main issue of CDR but rather the impacts and risks that would occur during the period of elevated temperatures during the overshoot.
Historical nitrogen fertilizer use in China from 1952 to 2018
Authors: Yu Zhen , Liu Jing , Kattel Giri 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. China ranks in the highest position for nitrogen (N)
fertilizer consumption in the world. Although N fertilizer use has greatly contributed to the China's food production, this has also caused an unprecedented alteration in the biogeochemical cycles and endangered
terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Existing use of N fertilizers in China,
as shown by digital maps, is usually coarse in resolution and intermittently covered with a biased gridded dataset. Here, we have reconstructed a historical, annual N fertilizer use dataset in China and
resampled it to 5 km×5 km resolution, covering the period from 1952 to 2018 by integrating improved cropland maps. Results showed that most of the N input was directly applied as N-only fertilizer, while the contribution from compound fertilizers has ranged between 16 % and 24 % since 1980. The national total N fertilizer input increased from 0.06 Tg N yr−1 (0.05 g N m−2 yr−1) in 1952 to 31.15 Tg N yr−1 (18.83 g N m−2 yr−1) in 2014 and then decreased to 28.31 Tg N yr−1 (17.06 g N m−2 yr−1) in 2018. Despite the total N input decreasing by 9.1 % (2.84 Tg N yr−1) from 2014 to 2018, the N input from compound fertilizers has increased by 6 % (0.43 Tg N yr−1) during the corresponding period. The previous Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) data-based N fertilizer products in China overestimated N use in low cropland coverage areas but underestimated N use in high cropland coverage areas. However, our newly reconstructed data have not only corrected the existing biases and improved the spatial distribution but have also shown that vegetable and other crops (e.g., orchards), but not grain crops, are the most intensively fertilized crops in China, implying the importance of quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from these croplands. We argue that the reconstructed, spatially explicit N fertilizer use data in this study are expected to contribute to better understanding of biogeochemical cycles, including the simulations of GHG emissions and food production in China. The spatially explicit N fertilizer use and the crop-specific N fertilizer use datasets are available via an open data repository (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21371469.v1; Yu, 2022).
STRETCHING EXERCISE ANTAR WAKTU DIALISA TERHADAP SKOR FATIGUE PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK DI RSUD KABUPATEN CIAMIS
Authors: Taufiq Firdaus Asep Novi , Waluyo Agung , Jumaiyah Wati 
Published: November 2022

Terapi penggantian ginjal (renal replacement therapy) merupakan salah satu terapi yang dipertimbangkan pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik tahap akhir. Terapi penggantian ginjal dapat berupa dialisis dan transplantasi ginjal. Salah satu manifestasi klinik yang timbul akibat penyakit gagal ginjal kronik ini adalah fatigue. Fatigue adalah perasaan subyektif yang tidak menyenangkan berupa kelelahan, kelemahan, dan penurunan energi. Salah satu intervensi nonfarmakologis yang sering direkomendasikan sebagai alternatif untuk mengurangi fatigue pasien hemodialisa adalah latihan fisik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh latihan fisik stretching excercise antar waktu dialisa terhadap skor fatigue. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi-experimental design dengan pendekatan pretest-posttest group design. Sebanyak 34 pasien dengan gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa terdaftar dalam penelitian ini, dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (n=17) dan perlakuan (n=17). Hasil uji T menunjukan skor fatigue pada kelompok intervensi setelah diberikan intervensi latihan fisik stretching exercise dengan (p value = 0,001), sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol terjadi peningkatan rata-rata skor fatigue dengan (p value = 0,059). Terbukti adanya perbedaan yang signifikan rata-rata skor fatigue pada pengukuran pertama dan terakhir (nilai p=0,001). Disarankan untuk institusi pelayanan kesehatan perlu memfasilitasi diterbitkannya prosedur tetap tentang latihan fisik dan mengembangkan latihan fisik sebagai salah satu bagian dari program terapi dan rehabilitasi yang terintegrasi dalam asuhan keperawatan bagi pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis.