bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of isolation, crowding, and different psychological countermeasures on crew behavior and performance
Authors: Shved Dmitry , Kuznetsova Polina , Rozanov Ivan A. , Lebedeva Svetlana A. , Vinokhodova Alla , Savinkina Alexandra , Shishenina Ksenia , Rey Nicole Diaz , Gushin Vadim 
Published: November 2022

Studies conducted by I. Altman in the 1960–70s revealed the increase in the individual stress level under isolation and confinement. Altman introduced the term “privacy” as a desired level of personal space that humans need to feel psychologically comfortable. The author also mentioned the dynamic process of boundary regulation that can be accompanied by the increase in conflict tension in the confined groups. In our study with short-term chamber isolation ESKIS, we analyzed behavior, crew interactions, and psychological state of a mixed-gender crew with none or minimal previous isolation experience (4 males and 2 females) who spent 14 days in a small chamber of 50 m3. The study confirmed that the pre-isolation period was particularly stressful for the subjects who felt also significant anxiety during the first days of isolation. Also, some mood and sleep disturbances were detected under isolation and crowding. Psychological stress made the crew more cohesive; they demonstrated the increase in common values. Extraverted subjects who could obtain social support from their partners and Mission Control’s duty teams were less interested in psychological support via VR.
QTL analysis identified two major all-internodes solidness loci from a completely solid-stemmed spring wheat line
Authors: Dhariwal Raman , Hiebert Colin W. , Randhawa Harpinder S. 
Published: November 2022

The culms of solid-stemmed wheat cultivars are filled with “pith” – a parenchymatous tissue largely composed of soft, spongy, and compact parenchyma cells. Breeding solid-stemmed cultivars is the most effective way to decrease the detrimental impact of wheat stem sawfly (WSS), Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) on wheat production. Although a major solid stem gene has been previously identified from durum wheat, it produces an intermediate level of stem solidness in common wheat which is insufficient to provide the required level of WSS resistance. The maximum resistance is achieved when stems are totally filled with pith. Thus, to identify a secondary source of solidness in common wheat, we developed three mapping populations from wheat cvs. Sadash, ‘AAC Innova’ and ‘AAC Cameron’, each crossed separately with P2711, a completely solid-stemmed hexaploid wheat breeding line. All populations were genotyped using either wheat 15K or 90K Infinium iSelect SNP Assay and high-density linkage maps were generated from individual populations along with consensus maps for chromosomes 3B and 3D from all populations. ‘Sadash/P2711’ and ‘AAC Innova/P2711’ populations were subjected to extensive phenotyping in ≥3 environments followed by quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses using population-specific and consensus linkage maps. We identified two major solid stem QTLs in the distal regions of chromosome arms 3BL and 3DL in both populations in addition to several population-specific or common minor QTLs. Internode-specific QTL analyses detected both major QTLs of chromosomes 3B and 3D across internodes, from top to bottom of the stalk, but minor QTLs were largely detected in upper or middle internodes. Our results suggest that both major QTLs are sufficient to develop highly solid-stemmed cvs; however, the minor loci, which additively enhance the pith expression, can be coupled with major genes to achieve a complete solid stem phenotype in common wheat. Comparative and haplotype analyses showed that the 3B locus is homoeologous to 3D, the former being mapped to a 1.1 Mb genomic region. Major QTLs identified in this study can be incorporated in modern wheat cultivars to achieve maximum WSS resistance from high pith expression.
Demoralization: Where it stands-and where we can take it: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zheng Qingyong , Xiong Lu , Li Huijun , Liu Ming , Xu Jianguo , Luo Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe purpose is to analyze existing studies related to the field of demoralization through bibliometrics.MethodologyRelevant literature on demoralization was searched from PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL Complete. Bibliometric analysis was performed using GraphPad Prisma 8.2.1, VOSviewer 1.6.18 and R software. Research publication trends, author-country collaboration, research hotspots and future trends were explored by generating network relationship maps.ResultsA total of 1,035 publications related to the field of demoralization were identified. The earliest relevant studies have been published since 1974, and the studies have grown faster since 2000. Psyche-oncology and Psychother Psychosom had the highest number of publications (n = 25). The United States, Italy and Australia have made outstanding contributions to the field and there was an active collaboration among leading scholars. Major research hotspots include the multiple ways of assessing demoralization, the specificity of various demographics and psychological disorders in different disease contexts, and the association and distinction of diverse clinical psychological abnormalities. The impact of COVID-19 on demoralization and subsequent interventions and psychological care may become a future research direction.ConclusionThere has been a significant increase in research in the field of demoralization after 2000. The United States provided the most publications. There is overall active collaboration between authors, countries, and institutions. In future research, more attention will be paid to the effects of COVID-19 on demoralization and intervention care for this psychology.
Mortality rate of mental disorder trends in China from 2002 to 2020
Authors: Li Boxuan , Zhang Guoshuang , Ma Jing , Kang Mingxiu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe number of people with mental disorders is increasing in China, but there are few studies on the temporal trends and population distribution of mental disorder mortality.MethodsThe mortality of mental disorders were derived from the China Health Statistics Yearbook published by the National Health and Family Planning Commission. Temporal trends in mortality were examined with a joinpoint regression using annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC). A Poisson regression model was utilized to test the population-level risk factors associated with the death of people with mental disorders.ResultsThe mortality of mental disorders in rural Chinese residents showed a decreasing trend from 2002 to 2020 [AAPC –2.06%, 95% confidence interval (CI) –3.16 to –0.91%]. The mortality of mental disorders in urban Chinese residents declined between 2005 and 2011 (APC –13.01%, 95% CI –21.08 to –4.13%). The mortality rate of mental disorders has decreased for urban males with an APC of –2.71% (95% CI –4.52 to –0.71) from 2002 to 2020. Urban women showed an increase in mental disorder mortality from 2002 to 2005 and from 2012 to 2020 with APCs of 19.65% (95% CI 0.64–42.32%) and 6.16% (95% CI 2.22–10.33%), respectively. Age was a significant risk factor for mental disorder mortality (odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI 1.23–1.32).ConclusionThe dissemination of medical and health information, investment in medical and health resources, and the modification and optimization of regulations have led to a decrease in mental disorder mortality in China. It is vital to devote greater attention to elderly individuals suffering from mental disorders.
Toward a possible trauma subtype of functional neurological disorder: impact on symptom severity and physical health
Authors: Paredes-Echeverri Sara , Guthrie Andrew J. , Perez David L. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAs a group, individuals with functional neurological disorder (FND) report an approximately 3-fold increase in adverse life experiences (ALEs) compared to healthy controls. In patients with FND, studies have identified a positive correlation between symptom severity and the magnitude of ALEs. While not all individuals with FND report ALEs, such findings raise the possibility of a trauma-subtype of FND.ObjectiveThis study investigated if patients with FND, with or without probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or significant childhood maltreatment, differed in their symptom severity and physical health.Materials and methodsSeventy-eight patients with FND were recruited (functional seizures,n= 34; functional movement disorder,n= 56). Participants completed self-report measures of symptom severity [Somatoform Dissociation Questionniare-20 (SDQ-20), Screening for Somatoform Disorders: Conversion Disorder subscale (SOMS:CD), Patient Health Questionniare-15 (PHQ-15)], physical health [Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF36-physical health)], childhood maltreatment [Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)], and PTSD [PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5)]; a psychometric battery of other common predisposing vulnerabilities was also completed. To adjust for multiple comparisons, a Bonferroni correction was applied to all univariate analyses.ResultsPatients with FND and probable PTSD (n= 33) vs. those without probable PTSD (n= 43) had statistically significant increased scores on all symptom severity measures – as well as decreased physical health scores. In secondarypost-hocregression analyses, these findings remained significant adjusting for age, sex, race, college education, and: pathological dissociation; alexithymia; attachment styles; personality characteristics; resilience scores; functional seizures subtype; or moderate-to-severe childhood abuse and neglect scores; SOMS:CD and SDQ-20 findings also held adjusting for depression and anxiety scores. In a separate set of analyses, patients with FND and moderate-to-severe childhood abuse (n= 46) vs. those without moderate-to-severe childhood abuse (n= 32) showed statistically significant increased SDQ-20 and PHQ-15 scores; inpost-hocregressions, these findings held adjusting for demographic and other variables. Stratification by childhood neglect did not relate to symptom severity or physical health scores.ConclusionThis study provides support for a possible trauma-subtype of FND. Future research should investigate the neurobiological and treatment relevance of a FND trauma-subtype, as well as continuing to delineate clinical characteristics and mechanisms in individuals with FND that lack a history of ALEs.
The role of metformin in treatment of weight gain associated with atypical antipsychotic treatment in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Mansuri Zeeshan , Makani Ramkrishna , Trivedi Chintan , Adnan Mahwish , Vadukapuram Ramu , Rafael John , Lodhi Ashutosh , Reddy Abhishek 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionSecond-generation antipsychotics are associated with significant weight gain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of metformin for the treatment of weight gain in children and young adults treated with second-generation antipsychotics.MethodsWe followed PRISMA guidelines to evaluated studies published before March 2020 in Medline, Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane library database, annual scientific sessions of the American Psychiatric Association, American Academy of Child and Adolescent, Psychiatry, and American Society of Clinical Psychopharmacology. Studies included compared metformin with the placebo for management of weight gain in children and adolescents taking atypical antipsychotics. Non-randomized studies, animal experiment studies, editorials, and review studies were excluded. Multiple parameters, including change in anthropometric-biochemical parameters, drug discontinuation rate, and side effects among the groups were assessed. The random-effects method was used for meta-analysis.ResultsFour studies with were included in the final analysis (213 patients; metformin: 106; control: 107). After pooled analysis, 12–16 weeks of metformin therapy was associated with a significant reduction in weight [(mean difference (MD): −4.53 lbs, confidence interval (CI): −6.19 to −2.87, p-value &lt; 0.001)], and BMI z score [MD, −0.09, CI: −0.16, −0.03, p-value: 0.004] compared to control. Metformin was also associated with a significant reduction in insulin resistance [MD: −1.38, CI: −2.26 to −0.51, p-value: 0.002]. There were higher odds of nausea-vomiting [OR: 4.07, CI: 1.32–12.54, p-value: 0.02] and diarrhea [OR: 2.93, CI: 1.50–5.71, p-value: 0.002] in the metformin group. However, there was no difference in drug discontinuation rate [OR: 1.45, CI: 0.41–5.06, p-value: 0.56].ConclusionMetformin may prove beneficial in the treatment of weight gain in children treated with second-generation antipsychotics. The pooled treatment effect showed a significant reduction in BMI Z-score and weight in just 12–16 weeks. The limitations include small sample size, variation in metformin dose, and duration of treatment. This meta-analysis should be interpreted as promising, and further larger studies are warranted before drawing a conclusion.
The importance of recognizing worthlessness for suicide prevention in adolescents with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Katzenmajer-Pump Luca , Komáromy Dániel , Balázs Judit 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses among children and adolescents. Depression and general anxiety disorder (GAD) are often co-occurring with ADHD among children and adolescents. Previous studies have found that ADHD, depression and GAD are all strongly correlated with suicidal thoughts and planning.AimThe current study aimed to further explore the association between ADHD, GAD and depressive symptoms as well as their association with suicidal thoughts and planning among adolescents.MethodAdolescents with ADHD diagnosis were involved from child psychiatry outpatient clinics and adolescents without a psychiatric treatment or diagnosis were enrolled from high schools in Hungary. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents was used to evaluate psychiatric symptoms and disorders as well as suicidal thoughts and planning. Regularized psychological networks were used to investigate the associations.ResultsAltogether 185 adolescents (58 females and 127 males; mean age 14.79 years, SD = 1.48), 89 with ADHD and 96 without ADHD were enrolled. Depression symptom worthlessness was directly related to suicidal thoughts and planning, CI95 of the logit B between worthlessness and suicidal thought (0.72, 1.66). Both ADHD and anxiety were indirectly related to suicidal thoughts and planning through depression: CI95 of the logit B between being disorganized and feeling worthless is (0.38, 3.02), and CI95 of the logit B between being distressed and feeling worthless is (0.57, 2.52).ConclusionsThis study draws the attention of clinicians to the importance of recognizing “worthlessness” for suicide prevention in adolescents with ADHD. Furthermore, the results support previous studies, whereby symptoms of depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between ADHD and suicidal thoughts and planning. These results highlight the importance of ADHD comorbidities with depression and GAD and their effect on suicidal thoughts and planning.
The influence of arts engagement on the mental health of isolated college students during the COVID-19 outbreak in China
Authors: Chen Yanying , Zeng Xue , Tao Lijian , Chen Junxiang , Wang Yuhui 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the mental health of college students. This study aimed to investigate the buffering effect of arts engagement on anxiety and resilience in college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Study designA cross-sectional study.MethodsThe data were collected via an online survey during a wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Shanghai (March 15 to April 15, 2022). In total, 2,453 college students throughout China reported general anxiety symptom levels (according to the GAD-7), resilience (according to the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale), frequency of receptive arts engagement in the previous year, exposure to risk situations, and behavioral changes due to the pandemic.ResultsDuring the current stage of the pandemic, 43.7% of college students suffered from varying degrees of anxiety, and 2.6% showed severe anxiety. Gender and learning stage were not associated with anxiety. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that the decision to return to academic institution, the degree of exposure to COVID-19, and the frequency of accepting art participation and resilience could significantly predict the anxiety level of college students. Gender, study stage, behavioral changes arising from COVID-19, and exposure to COVID-19 significantly predict the resilience level of college students. There was an association between high frequency music activities, reading activities and low anxiety level (p &lt; 0.001). There was an association between high frequency digital art, music activities, reading and high resilience (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionsArts engagement appears to help students cope with mental health problems and those at risk. Policymakers should encourage college students to participate in art activities, especially in the context of social distancing.
The clinical and virological features of two children's coinfections with human adenovirus type 7 and human coronavirus-229E virus
Authors: Liu Shelan , Zhu An , Pan Jinren , Ying Lihong , Sun Wanwan , Wu Hanting , Zhu Haiying , Lou Haiyan , Wang Lan , Qin Shuwen , Yu Zhao , Cai Jian , Chen Yin , Chen Enfu 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveHuman adenovirus (HAdV) coinfection with other respiratory viruses is common, but adenovirus infection combined with human coronavirus-229E (HCoV-229E) is very rare.Study design and settingClinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and disease severity were compared between three groups: one coinfected with HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E, one infected only with adenovirus (mono-adenovirus), and one infected only with HCoV-229E (mono-HCoV-229E).ResultsFrom July to August 2019, there were 24 hospitalized children: two were coinfected with HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E, and 21 were infected with a single adenovirus infection. Finally, one 14-year-old boy presented with a high fever, but tested negative for HAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E. Additionally, three adult asymptotic cases with HCoV-229E were screened. No significant difference in age was found in the coinfection and mono-adenovirus groups (11 vs. 8 years, p = 0.332). Both groups had the same incubation period (2.5 vs. 3 days, p = 0.8302), fever duration (2.5 vs. 2.9 days, p = 0.5062), and length of hospital stay (7 vs. 6.76 days, p = 0.640). No obvious differences were found in viral loads between the coinfection and mono-adenovirus groups (25.4 vs. 23.7, p = 0.570), or in the coinfection and mono-HCoV-229E groups (32.9 vs. 30.06, p = 0.067). All cases recovered and were discharged from the hospital.ConclusionHAdV-Ad7 and HCoV-229E coinfection in healthy children may not increase the clinical severity or prolong the clinical course. The specific interaction mechanism between the viruses requires further study.
Recent HIV infection among newly diagnosed cases and associated factors in the Amhara regional state, Northern Ethiopia: HIV case surveillance data analysis (2019-2021)
Authors: Alemu Tefera , Ayalew Misganaw , Haile Mahteme , Amsalu Abraham , Ayal Alie , Wale Fisseha , Belay Amogne , Desta Birhanu , Taddege Tesfahun , Lankir Damtie , Bezabih Belay 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDistinguishing a recent from long-standing HIV infection is a critical step to reduce new infections in 2030. Therefore, this analysis determines the proportion of recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed cases and associated factors in the Amhara regional state between 2019 and 2021.MethodsWe got the HIV case-based surveillance dataset (July 2019 up to August 12/2021) from the Amhara Public Health Institute. Recent infection is an infection gained within the last 12 months as identified by Asante recency test kits. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with recent infection. Adjusted odd with 95% CI and a p-value of &lt; 0.05 was considered to declare significant associations.ResultsOut of 5,689 eligible cases, 3,129 (55%) recency tests had been performed. The proportion of recent HIV infection is 443 (14.2%, 95% CI: 13, 15.4%). High proportion of recent infections is reported from Bahir Dar city (23.3%), Central Gondar (17.7%), West Gojjam (16.5%), North Shewa (16.5%) and South Gondar zones (15.7%). Besides, the proportion of recent infection is high among clients aged ≥ 51 years (32.4%), illicit drug users (30.6 %), homelessness (28.5%), current commercial sex workers (27.9%), prisoners (21.1%), and among clients with invasive medical procedures (22.2%). Recent infection is significantly associated with females (AOR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–3.1), secondary and above education (AOR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3–3.4), commercial sex workers (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2–2.7), having contact with index case (AOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8) and illicit drug utilization (AOR: 3.6, 95% CI: 1.1–12.4).ConclusionIn the Amhara region, the proportion of recent HIV infection is high with marked variation across sociodemographic characteristics. We identified the risk or preventive factors associated with a recent infection. Therefore, all HIV responders should target their prevention efforts toward hot spot areas and sub-populations to stop further transmission.
In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-Ham. Ex D. Don Extract via Blockage of the NF-κB/JNK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Activated Microglial Cells
Authors: Lim Jae Sung , Bae Jaehoon , Lee Seoyoung , Lee Da Young , Yao Lulu , Cho Namki , Bach Tran The , Yun Narae , Park Su-Jin , Cho Young-Chang 
Published: November 2022

Symplocos sumuntia Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don (S. sumuntia) is a traditional medicinal herb used in Asia to treat various pathologies, including cough, stomachache, tonsillitis, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Although the anti-inflammatory activity of S. sumuntia has been reported, little is known about its anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanisms in microglial cells. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory effects of S. sumuntia methanol extract (SSME) on the inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated BV2 cells. The SSME significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression, as well as the production of nitric oxide (NO), a proinflammatory mediator. The production of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β, was suppressed by the SSME in the LPS-induced BV2 cells. The mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of SSME involves the suppression of the LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as JNK. Moreover, we showed that the LPS-stimulated nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/p65 protein, followed by IκB degradation, was decreased by the SSME treatment. Collectively, these results showed that the SSME induced anti-inflammatory effects via the suppression of the MAPK signaling pathways, accompanied by changes in the NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Therefore, SSME may be employed as a potential therapeutic candidate for various inflammatory diseases.