bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular screening of the landraces from Turkey and modern bread wheat cultivars for HMW-GS, wbm, waxy genes and Lr34 gene
Authors: Sönmez Mesut Ersin , Güleç Tuğba , Demir Bedrettin , Bayraç Ceren , Çakmak Mustafa , Aydın Nevzat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Landraces are significant genetic resources for wheat breeding as they can adapt to their regions of origin. However, for this genetic resource to be used effectively in wheat breeding, it should be screened molecularly for some functional genes. The study used 123 landraces and modern bread wheat varieties grown in Turkey. We screened the genetic materials for the wbm , waxy genes, High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits (HMW-GS), and the Lr34 gene, which provides adult plant resistance to rust disease. There were three different alleles for the Glu-A1 locus, six different alleles for the Glu-B1 locus, and five different alleles for the Glu-D1 locus. For the Glu-A1 locus, a null subunit was found in 73 genotypes (59.3%) and that is the most common subunit. 7+8 subunit is the most common alleles (65.8%) in the Glu-B1 locus. In the Glu-D1 locus, 2+12 is the most common (63.4%) subunit associated with poor gluten quality, and 78 genotypes contain this subunit. When the three loci were evaluated, 23 combinations were found among all the genotypes screened. The two combinations include two new subunits (2+12ˈ and 2+12*) whose effects on bread quality have not yet been evaluated. Halbert and Gülümbür-Makas wheat cultivars contain the wbm gene, while six cultivars contain the Lr-34 gene. Six genotypes have only Wx-A1 and Wx-D1 alleles for waxy alleles. The results revealed that the landraces did not contain the genes screened within the scope of the study in terms of functional genes used in wheat breeding. The results indicated that we should use modern cultivars containing target genes in breeding programs when these landraces are used as the parent.
Evaluating an intervention to improve the quality and use of sub-national routine immunization data for improved immunization decision-making in Nigeria: a qualitative implementation research
Authors: Ogbuabor Daniel Chukwuemeka , Ghasi Nwanneka Chidinma , Okenwa Uchechukwu Joel , Nwangwu Chukwunweike Nnanna , Ezenwaka Uchenna , Onwujekwe Obinna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies evaluating data quality are needed to better identify what interventions might improve the quality of routine immunization (RI) data and use in decision-making. This study evaluated the outcomes of interventions that were implemented to improve the quality and use of RI data for decision-making in Enugu state, Nigeria.Methods: The study was conducted in six local government areas (LGAs) of Enugu State, Nigeria using a cross-sectional, qualitative design. Data was collected through semi-structured in-depth phenomenological interviews. Twenty-one interviews were conducted with purposively selected RI stakeholders including: State-level programme managers (n=3), primary healthcare coordinators (n=6), LGA RI officers (n=6) and facility RI focal persons (n=6). Acceptability, adoption, and feasibility dimensions of the Proctor et al framework was used to assess the interventions, which were 1). data review meetings; and 2). data-focused supervision. The self-selected changes in data management practices including ‘tally as you vaccinate’, ‘adherence to reporting timeline’, ‘use of demographic information to set target’, ‘use of local alternatives to archive paper records’, ‘updating monitoring chart’, and ‘data use in health facilities’ were also evaluated. Data were coded and analysed thematically using NVivo software version 11. Findings: Most participants accepted and adopted the interventions and self-selected data management practices. However, their feasibility depended on context-specific issues. Unpredictable funding undermined the feasibility of implementing the interventions. Resistance among health workers constrained ‘tally as you vaccinate’ due to staff shortage, long waiting time and staff unwillingness to use Open Data Kit mobile data application. Adherence to reporting timeline was constrained by irregular funding, inadequate staffing, and lack of computers. Use of inappropriate denominators constrained target setting by health facilities. Health workers used baskets in place of cupboards and shelves to archive paper-based records. Delayed supplies limited updating monitoring of charts, while mentoring enhanced it. Self-reported use of data for decision-making was facilitated by demand by health facility committees but constrained by inadequate staffing and lack of funds.Conclusion: The intervention improved acceptability and adoption of self-selected changes in immunisation data management practices. Nevertheless, the feasibility of sustaining the practices required decision-makers to address contextual limitations identified in this study.
Quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls as constitutive androstane receptor agonists
Authors: Akinola Lukman Kehinde , Uzairu Adamu , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Abechi Stephen Eyije 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs), a series of toxic chemical compounds produced via biotic and abiotic transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), are known to cause endocrine disruption by interacting inappropriately with human nuclear receptors. Due to occurrence of high numbers of inactive OH-PCB congeners recorded in many experimental toxicity studies, it is pertinent to develop rapid and inexpensive QSAR models that can reliably predict the activities of OH-PCB congeners prior to experimental testing. Using a combination of genetic function approximation and multiple linear regression methods, a local QSAR model, consisting of six 2D descriptors (MATS1s, VE3_DzZ, VE1_Dzp, SpMin8_Bhv, SpMax5_Bhi, topoRadius) and two 3D descriptors (RDF95u, RDF45m), was developed from a training set of 44 OH-PCBs. Statistical parameters for fitting (\({R}^{2}\) = 0.8902, \({R}_{adj}^{2}\) = 0.8651, s = 0.2840), cross-validation (\({Q}_{LOO}^{2}\) = 0.8201, \({RMSE}_{CV}\) = 0.3242) and Y-randomization (\({cR}_{p}^{2}\) = 0.8019) obtained for the developed QSAR model indicate that the model is reliable, robust and provides good fit to the data in the training set. The results of external validation carried out on 20 OH-PCBs in the test set also indicate that the developed QSAR model possessed good external predictivity and can be used to predict the agonistic activities of untested OH-PCB congeners to constitutive androstane receptor.
Altered dynamic brain functional connectivity in patients with white matter hyperintensities: a prospective case-control study
Authors: Liu yuanyuan , Cao Shanshan , Du Baogen , Zhang Jun , Chen Chen , Hu Panpan , Tian Yanghua , Wang Kai , Ji Gong-Jun , Wei Qiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are commonly observed in older adults and are associated with cognitive impairment. Although resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have explored the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in patients with WMHs, knowledge about the role of dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) is limited in such patients. Our aim is to explore whether the dFC consists in such patients and associates with cognitive impairment.
Methods
We included 36 healthy controls (HCs) and 104 patients with mild (n = 39), moderate n = 37), and severe (n = 28) WMHs. Comprehensive neuropsychological scales were used to assess the cognitive functions. The sliding window approach was used to generate dFC matrices, and graph theory methods were applied to calculate the variability of the network topological properties. Relationships between cognitive functions and abnormal dFC were evaluated by Pearson’s correlation.
Results
Patients with WMHs and HCs showed no significant difference in small-world properties. However, there were significant differences in variability of nodal properties between the four groups, which were located within the default mode network (DMN) and cognitive control network (CCN). Correlation analysis revealed that, as the temporal variability of the nodal cluster coefficient increased in the left SMG, the TMT-A time and the AVLT-study score decreased in patients with WMHs. Moreover, as the nodal efficiency of the left Rolandic operculum increased, the MoCA score, the TMT-A and the TMT-B time increased in patients with WMHs.
Conclusions
Our results indicate that dynamic functional connectivity consists in patients with WMHs and associate with executive and memory function.
Activation of SIRT1 promotes membrane resealing via cortactin
Authors: Iwahara Naotoshi , Azekami Kuya , Hosoda Ryusuke , Nojima Iyori , Hisahara Shin , Kuno Atsushi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are inherited myopathic disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness. Recently, several gene therapies have been developed; however, the treatment options are still limited. Resveratrol, an activator of SIRT1, ameliorates muscular function in muscular dystrophy patients and dystrophin-deficient mdx mice, although its mechanism is still not fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the effects of resveratrol on membrane resealing. We found that resveratrol promoted membrane repair in C2C12 cells via the activation of SIRT1. To elucidate the mechanism by which resveratrol promotes membrane resealing, we focused on the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, which occurs in the early phase of membrane repair. Treatment with resveratrol promoted actin accumulation at the injured site. We also examined the role of cortactin in membrane resealing. Cortactin accumulated at the injury site, and cortactin knockdown suppressed membrane resealing and reorganization of the cytoskeleton. Additionally, SIRT1 deacetylated cortactin and promoted the interaction between cortactin and F-actin, thus possibly enhancing the accumulation of cortactin at the injury site. Finally, we performed a membrane repair assay using single fiber myotubes from control and resveratrol-fed mice, where the oral treatment with resveratrol promoted membrane repair ex vivo. These findings suggest that resveratrol promotes membrane repair via the SIRT1/cortactin axis.
Empirical antibiotics of non-carbapenems for ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae bacteremia in children : a retrospective medical record review
Authors: Park Saera , So HyeJin , Kim Mi-Na , Lee Jina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The efficacy of non-carbapenems as an empirical antibiotic for extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in children remains controversial. We compared clinical and microbial outcomes according to the types of empirical antibiotics for treating pediatric patients with ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae bacteremia.Methods: Data from pediatric patients aged ≤18 years who were hospitalized with monomicrobial ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia between January 2014 and May 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The impact of empirical therapy was assessed as 30-day all-cause mortality and 2-day microbiological outcomes evaluated by sterility of blood cultures collected on day 2 after empirical antibiotic administration. Logistic regression analysis was used to control for the effects of confounding variables.Results: A total of 53 patients with bacteremia caused by ESBL-producing E. coli (n=29) and K. pneumoniae (n=24) were included in this study; the median age was 3.6 years, and all had underlying comorbidities. As empirical antibiotics, 27 patients were treated with meropenem, and non-carbapenem agents were administered to 26 patients; 84.6% (22/26) were converted to carbapenem antibiotics as the definitive antibiotic by day 2 after empirical antibiotic administration. Overall, the 30-day all-cause mortality of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae bacteremia was 17.0% (9/53). After adjustment, there was no statistically significant association of use of a non-carbapenem agent as an empirical antibiotic with microbiological failure at day 2 and 30-day all-cause mortality [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.22–4.88, and adjusted OR, 0.1; 95% Cl, 0.01–1.56].Conclusions: The empirical use of non-carbapenems might not be a risk factor for mortality and early microbiological outcomes in pediatric patients with ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae BSI if early transition to appropriate antimicrobial therapy was possible.
Evaluation of Quality Of Life in Endometriosis Patients Before and After Surgical Treatment Using the EHP30 Questionnaire
Authors: Tiringer Denise , Pedrini Alexandra , Gstöttner Manuela , Husslein Heinrich , Küssel Lorenz , Perricos Alexandra , Wenzl René 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Backround: Endometriosis is one of the most common gynaecological illnesses causing extensive psychological, physical and social impact on patient´s life and exerts negative effects on health-related quality of Life (HRQoL). However, the effects of surgery on the postoperative HRQoL in the different endometriosis subgroups have not been fully evaluated.Methods: We performed a comparative retrospective study between 2014 and 2018 at the Medical University of Vienna, including all patients with surgically confirmed endometriosis who had completed the standardized Endometriosis Health Profile - 30 (EHP-30) questionnaire one day after surgery (the questions refer to the four weeks preoperatively) and six to ten weeks postoperatively. Results: Compared to preoperative values, we found significant benefits, regarding postoperative conditions, in our study group (n=115) in all five categories, “pain” (HR 0.78, p<0.001); “self-determination” (HR 0,92, p<0.001); “emotional health” (HR 0,83, p<0.001);” social environment” (HR 0,67, p<0.001); and “self-image” (HR 0,47, p<0,001). Patients with only peritoneal endometriosis had the lowest preoperative clinical symptoms and there were no significant changes in any of the categories. In the subgroups deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and DIE + ovarian endometrioma, surgical intervention results in a significantly greater improvement in all categories of EHP 30 compared to ovarian endometrioma without DIE or peritoneal endometriosis.Conclusion: Our study shows, that especially women with DIE - with or without ovarian endometrioma - demonstrate a more pronounced benefit from surgical therapy compared to patients with peritoneal endometriosis or endometrioma without DIE.
Probability distribution characteristics of summer extreme precipitation in Xinjiang, China during 1970-2021
Authors: Aihaiti Ailiyaer , Yu Wang , Mamtimin Ali , Lianhua Zhu , Junjian Liu , Hailiang Zhang , Jiacheng Gao , Cong Wen , Meiqi Song 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Based on the daily precipitation data of 96 stations in Xinjiang from 1970 to 2021, the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) model was used to investigate the fitting effect of stationary and non-stationary GEV models on summer extreme precipitation series in Xinjiang. The time trend of extreme precipitation in summer and the difference of probability distribution of extreme precipitation in South and North Xinjiang were analyzed. The results show that: (1) In North and South Xinjiang, the averaged PRCPTOT (The summer total precipitation) at most stations were between 20–50 mm and exceeded 50 mm in the past 50 years, respectively. The RX1day (maximum 1-days precipitation) and RX5day ( maximum 5-days precipitation) at most stations in Xinjiang showed a an increasing trend, while the summer CDD (consecutive dry day) at most stations in Xinjiang showed a decreasing trend. (2) The increase of return period, the confidence interval (uncertainty) of the return level of each extreme precipitation induces increases. The average intensity of RX1day and RX5day at stations in North Xinjiang are greater than at stations in South Xinjiang. The average intensity and inter-annual variability of CDD at stations in South Xinjiang are greater than at stations in North Xinjiang. (3) The RL20 (20-year return level) of RX1day and RX5day at most stations are 25 ~ 40 mm and 30 ~ 60 mm respectively except central region of Xinjiang. However, the RL20 of CDD at most stations in South Xinjiang exceeded 40 days, and experienced 30 ~ 50 days in North Xinjiang.
Epstein-Barr virus infection and toll-like receptor 9 gene variants affect the susceptibility of Iranian individuals to rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shamohammadi Fatemeh Nezhad , Daryabor Gholamreza , Ataollahi Mohammad Reza , Shams Keivan , Eklund Kari K , Kalantar Kurosh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles. This study aimed to investigate the possible associations between toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of RA or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, as well as the probable link between EBV infection, TLR9 gene variants, and risk of RA among Iranians.Method: 213 RA patients and 235 healthy individuals participated in this study. TLR9 SNPs rs187084 and rs352140 were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) while EBV DNA was determined by real-time PCR.Results: The frequency of rs352140 CT and TT+CT genotypes was significantly higher in healthy individuals compared with RA patients (p=0.01 and p=0.02 respectively). Furthermore, TC/TC haplotype combination was more frequently seen in RA patients (p= 0.01). EBV infection was more frequently detected in RA patients compared to the controls (p=0.04). Moreover, a significantly higher frequency of the rs187084 C allele was observed in EBVneg infected healthy subjects, in particular in females (p=0.05 and p=0.04 respectively).Conclusion: EBV infection and TC/TC haplotype combination might act as a susceptibility factor for RA while rs352140 CT genotype and rs352140 CT+TT genotype combination might be protective. In addition, the rs187084 C allele might protect EBVneg infected subjects from developing RA.
A six-year retrospective clinical review of iatrogenic injuries repaired in a resource- deprived setting
Authors: Ali Mahamudu Ayamba , Maalman Raymond Saa-Eru , Oyortey Mawuenyo , Donkor Yaw Otchere , Adanu Kekele , Tampouri John , Kyei Mathew Yamoah 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Ureteric injuries resulting from iatrogenic causes is over 70% with about 75% of these cases diagnosed in the post-operative period with complications that increase morbidity and treatment cost.Objective: The purpose of the study is to identify risk factors for iatrogenic ureteric injuries(IUI) from open surgical procedures and the clinical outcome of interventions. Patients and methods: Clinical records of patients with IUI between 2015-2021 who were repaired at the urology units, MMCH and HTH were retrieved. Important data extracted included patients' demographics, clinical presentation, primary surgery details, time from surgery to injury types of ureteric injury, complications, and interventional outcomes data were extracted and analysed using the Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS version 24). Results: Twelve patients with 19-injuries aged between 24 - 54 years were treated. Injuries resulting from hysterectomy 83.3%, Caesarean section, and hernia repairs resulted in other 16.7%. Most were post-operative diagnoses after 48-hours(7/12). Bilateral injuries occurred in 7 cases(14/19 injuries) performed entirely by non-surgeon clinicians. Intra-operative recognition was related to unilateral damage and surgeries performed by surgeons. Ureteroneocystostomy(14/19), uretero-ureterostomy(1/19), and open suture release were the proceduresDiscussion: Open hysterectomy(83.7%) was the single surgery with many IUI. Outcome indicators related to major presenting complications, frequency, bilateral and late recognition of injuries, were those performed by general physicians on mostly elective cases. This pattern is a pre-operative predictive factor of the worst IUI occurrence.Conclusion:Mishaps during hysterectomies by none-surgeon clinicians are the single dangerous risk factor for complicated open surgery IUIs in the Volta region.
Prevalence of child restraint system use and parental knowledge of such systems in Mianyang, China
Authors: Wan Li , Wen Dan , Wan Xinli , Reng Yinghong , Jia Chao , Yang Xiuru , He Mei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the prevalence of restraint system use for children passengers in cars, and it assessed parental knowledge and attitudes about such restraint systems in Mianyang, China.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 2021 and January 2022. Hospitals and kindergartens in Mianyang were randomly selected for inclusion and parents with cars were surveyed about whether they owned and used child restraint systems and about their knowledge and attitudes towards such systems. Factors associated with CRS use were explored using binary logistic regression.
Results
A total of 4,764 questionnaires were distributed to families with children 0–6 years old. Among the 4,455 responses received, 50.8% of families owned child restraint systems, most of which were front-facing child seats (42.0%). Just under half of families (44.4%) reported using a child restraint system at least sometimes, but only 19.6% used one all the time. Possession and use of a child restraint system varied significantly with parental education level, age of the child, place of residence, number of children, family income, travel frequency, and travel distance. Logistic regression showed that frequency of car travel with a child and monthly family income significantly affected CRS use. Most parents (85.2%) wrongly believed that adult seat belts in cars are effective at protecting their children in the event of a crash. The most frequent reason that parents cited for not using a child restraint system was that it would lead children to travel in the car less often.
Conclusions
Although approximately half the parents in our sample owned a child restraint system, most used them rarely, if at all. Educating parents about the safe ways for children to ride in a car and about safety restraint systems and safety belts may promote the use of restraint systems.
The long-term Impact of The Earthquake on Substance Use
Authors: Amiri Hadis , Riyahifar Sevda , Nakhaee Nouzar , Nekoei-Moghadam Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Earthquake is associated with several health conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between earthquake and substance use has been less studied to date. We conducted a historical cohort study 17 years after the Bam earthquake by enrolling 818 households using multi-stage cluster sampling. The sample consisted of earthquake-exposed and non-exposed citizens. ASSIST Screening Test was used to determine substance use. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of variables of interest with substance use. Nearly 60% of the study subjects were female and the mean ± SD age of the sample was 46.6±11.5 years. The prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs use in exposed group was 19.5%, 24.9%, and 21.6%, respectively. The corresponding figures in the non-exposed group were 15.6%, 19.3%, and 20.1%, respectively (P>0.05). The logistic regression model found no association between the history of earthquake exposure and risk of any current drug use. Our results showed those 17 years after the Bam earthquake, there was no relationship between earthquake exposure and substance use.