bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping native and non-native vegetation in the Brazilian Cerrado using freely available satellite products
Authors: Lewis Kennedy , de V. Barros Fernanda , Cure Marcio B. , Davies Christian A. , Furtado Mariana N. , Hill Timothy C. , Hirota Marina , Martins Demétrius L. , Mazzochini Guilherme G. , Mitchard Edward T. A. , Munhoz Cássia B. R. , Oliveira Rafael S. , Sampaio Alexandre B. , Saraiva Nicholas A. , Schmidt Isabel B. , Rowland Lucy 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNative vegetation across the Brazilian Cerrado is highly heterogeneous and biodiverse and provides important ecosystem services, including carbon and water balance regulation, however, land-use changes have been extensive. Conservation and restoration of native vegetation is essential and could be facilitated by detailed landcover maps. Here, across a large case study region in Goiás State, Brazil (1.1 Mha), we produced physiognomy level maps of native vegetation (n = 8) and other landcover types (n = 5). Seven different classification schemes using different combinations of input satellite imagery were used, with a Random Forest classifier and 2-stage approach implemented within Google Earth Engine. Overall classification accuracies ranged from 88.6–92.6% for native and non-native vegetation at the formation level (stage-1), and 70.7–77.9% for native vegetation at the physiognomy level (stage-2), across the seven different classifications schemes. The differences in classification accuracy resulting from varying the input imagery combination and quality control procedures used were small. However, a combination of seasonal Sentinel-1 (C-band synthetic aperture radar) and Sentinel-2 (surface reflectance) imagery resulted in the most accurate classification at a spatial resolution of 20 m. Classification accuracies when using Landsat-8 imagery were marginally lower, but still reasonable. Quality control procedures that account for vegetation burning when selecting vegetation reference data may also improve classification accuracy for some native vegetation types. Detailed landcover maps, produced using freely available satellite imagery and upscalable techniques, will be important tools for understanding vegetation functioning at the landscape scale and for implementing restoration projects.
Mechanical frequency control in inductively coupled electromechanical systems
Authors: Luschmann Thomas , Schmidt Philip , Deppe Frank , Marx Achim , Sanchez Alvaro , Gross Rudolf , Huebl Hans 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNano-electromechanical systems implement the opto-mechanical interaction combining electromagnetic circuits and mechanical elements. We investigate an inductively coupled nano-electromechanical system, where a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) realizes the coupling. We show that the resonance frequency of the mechanically compliant string embedded into the SQUID loop can be controlled in two different ways: (1) the bias magnetic flux applied perpendicular to the SQUID loop, (2) the magnitude of the in-plane bias magnetic field contributing to the nano-electromechanical coupling. These findings are quantitatively explained by the inductive interaction contributing to the effective spring constant of the mechanical resonator. In addition, we observe a residual field dependent shift of the mechanical resonance frequency, which we attribute to the finite flux pinning of vortices trapped in the magnetic field biased nanostring.
Comparison of retinal layer thickness and microvasculature changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy treated with intravitreous bevacizumab vs panretinal photocoagulation
Authors: Lee Min-Woo , Baek Seung-Kook , Lee Kook-Hyung , Lee Sung-Chul , Kim Jung-Yeul , Lee Young-Hoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTo compare changes in retinal layers and microvasculature in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients after bevacizumab therapy and panretinal photocoagulation (PRP). This prospective study divided patients into two groups: patients treated with bevacizumab and those treated with PRP. Patients visited our retinal clinic at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Retinal layer thickness and vessel density (VD) using optical coherence tomography angiography were analyzed. 37 eyes in the bevacizumab group and 36 eyes in the PRP group were enrolled. In the bevacizumab group, the parafoveal RNFL, GCL, and IPL thicknesses significantly decreased (P < 0.001, P = 0.013, and P = 0.017, respectively), whereas the thicknesses in the PRP group showed an increasing tendency over time (P = 0.087, P = 0.005, and P = 0.003, respectively). The VD of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the bevacizumab group did not show significant changes, whereas the VD in the PRP group significantly increased over time (both P < 0.001). Additionally, RNFL (P = 0.001) and GCL thicknesses (P = 0.035) were significant factors affecting changes in BCVA, whereas the VDs of SCP and DCP did not. Patients who received bevacizumab therapy did not show a significant change in macular VD, whereas the VD of patients after PRP significantly increased after treatment. The increased macular VD in patients after PRP would be associated with the increased inner retinal layer thickness after treatment, which was significantly related to the impairment in visual acuity.
Competition between the tadpoles of Japanese toads versus frogs
Authors: Haramura Takashi , Eto Koshiro , Crossland Michael R. , Nishikawa Kanto , Shine Richard 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCompetition within and among species can play a key role in structuring the assemblages of anuran tadpoles. Previous studies have reported that tadpoles of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina) are more strongly disadvantaged by the presence of native frog tadpoles than by the same number of conspecific toad tadpoles. That effect might arise from a lack of coevolution of the invasive toad with its competitors; and/or from a generalized superiority of frog tadpoles over toad tadpoles. To clarify those possibilities, we conducted experimental trials using the larvae of a native rather than invasive toad (Bufo japonicus formosusin Japan) exposed to larvae of native anurans (the sympatric frogsRana japonicaandRana ornativentrisand the parapatric toadBufo japonicus japonicus). In intraspecific competition trials, higher densities ofB. j. formosusprolonged the larval period and reduced size at metamorphosis, but did not affect survival. In interspecific competition trials, the effects of the other anuran species onB. j. formosuswere similar to the effects of the same number of conspecific larvae. This similarity in impact of interspecificversusintraspecific competition argues against any overall competitive superiority of frog larvae over toad larvae. Instead, the vulnerability of larval cane toads to frog tadpoles may result from a lack of coevolutionary history.
An in silico analysis identifies drugs potentially modulating the cytokine storm triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Sanchez-Burgos Laura , Gómez-López Gonzalo , Al-Shahrour Fátima , Fernandez-Capetillo Oscar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest health challenges of recent decades. Among the causes of mortality triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection, the development of an inflammatory “cytokine storm” (CS) plays a determinant role. Here, we used transcriptomic data from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of COVID-19 patients undergoing a CS to obtain gene-signatures associated to this pathology. Using these signatures, we interrogated the Connectivity Map (CMap) dataset that contains the effects of over 5000 small molecules on the transcriptome of human cell lines, and looked for molecules which effects on transcription mimic or oppose those of the CS. As expected, molecules that potentiate immune responses such as PKC activators are predicted to worsen the CS. In addition, we identified the negative regulation of female hormones among pathways potentially aggravating the CS, which helps to understand the gender-related differences in COVID-19 mortality. Regarding drugs potentially counteracting the CS, we identified glucocorticoids as a top hit, which validates our approach as this is the primary treatment for this pathology. Interestingly, our analysis also reveals a potential effect of MEK inhibitors in reverting the COVID-19 CS, which is supported by in vitro data that confirms the anti-inflammatory properties of these compounds.
Temporomandibular disorders cases with high-impact pain are more likely to experience short-term pain fluctuations
Authors: Herrero Babiloni Alberto , Exposto Fernando G. , Peck Connor M. , Lindgren Bruce R. , Martel Marc O. , Lenglet Christophe , Bereiter David A. , Eberly Lynn E. , Moana-Filho Estephan J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTemporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients can present clinically significant jaw pain fluctuations which can be debilitating and lead to poor global health. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale evaluates pain-related disability and its dichotomous grading (high/low impact pain) can determine patient care pathways and in general high-impact pain patients have worse treatment outcomes. Individuals with low-impact TMD pain are thought to have better psychosocial functioning, more favorable disease course, and better ability to control pain, while individuals with high-impact pain can present with higher levels of physical and psychological symptoms. Thereby, there is reason to believe that individuals with low- and high-impact TMD pain could experience different pain trajectories over time. Our primary objective was to determine if short-term jaw pain fluctuations serve as a clinical marker for the impact status of TMD pain. To this end, we estimated the association between high/low impact pain status and jaw pain fluctuations over three visits (≤ 21-day-period) in 30 TMD cases. Secondarily, we measured the association between jaw pain intensity and pressure pain thresholds (PPT) over the face and hand, the latter measurements compared to matched pain-free controls (n = 17). Jaw pain fluctuations were more frequent among high-impact pain cases (n = 15) than low-impact pain cases (n = 15) (OR 5.5; 95% CI 1.2, 26.4; p value = 0.033). Jaw pain ratings were not associated with PPT ratings (p value > 0.220), suggesting different mechanisms for clinical versus experimental pain. Results from this proof-of-concept study suggest that targeted treatments to reduce short-term pain fluctuations in high-impact TMD pain is a potential strategy to achieve improved patient perception of clinical pain management outcomes.
Effects of reduced salinity caused by reclamation on population and physiological characteristics of the sesarmid crab Chiromantes dehaani
Authors: Lv Weiwei , Yuan Quan , Huang Weiwei , Sun Xiaolin , Zhou Wenzong , Zhao Yunlong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractReduced salinity is a major factor that causes macrobenthic degradation in reclaimed wetlands. We investigated populations of the sesarmid crab Chiromantes dehaani in reclaimed and natural wetlands. Then, in the laboratory, we exposed male and female crabs to four salinity levels (0, 6, 12 and 18) for 96 h to analyse the effects of reduced salinity on osmoregulatory enzyme activities in the posterior gills and digestive and immune enzyme activities in the hepatopancreas of C. dehaani. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the number of crabs and salinity. In the laboratory, we found that the isosmotic point of C. dehaani was close to 16 ppt. The crabs showed strong hyper-osmotic regulation when exposed to 0–6 ppt salinities. Moreover, in this salinity range, amylase activities were significantly inhibited. Under low-salinity stress, the immune enzyme activities were significantly activated. However, phenoloxidase and lysozyme activities were inhibited in the freshwater environment. The male and female crabs showed no significant differences in most of the enzyme activities. Thus, reduced salinity can adversely affect the digestive and immune functions of C. dehaani, which may cause population degradation in reclaimed wetlands. Our findings can provide new insights into the effects of reclamation on macrobenthos.
Identification of a clonal population of Aspergillus flavus by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry using deep learning
Authors: Normand Anne-Cécile , Chaline Aurélien , Mohammad Noshine , Godmer Alexandre , Acherar Aniss , Huguenin Antoine , Ranque Stéphane , Tannier Xavier , Piarroux Renaud 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe spread of fungal clones is hard to detect in the daily routines in clinical laboratories, and there is a need for new tools that can facilitate clone detection within a set of strains. Currently, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry is extensively used to identify microbial isolates at the species level. Since most of clinical laboratories are equipped with this technology, there is a question of whether this equipment can sort a particular clone from a population of various isolates of the same species. We performed an experiment in which 19 clonal isolates of Aspergillus flavus initially collected on contaminated surgical masks were included in a set of 55 A. flavus isolates of various origins. A simple convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to detect the isolates belonging to the clone. In this experiment, the training and testing sets were totally independent, and different MALDI-TOF devices (Microflex) were used for the training and testing phases. The CNN was used to correctly sort a large portion of the isolates, with excellent (> 93%) accuracy for two of the three devices used and with less accuracy for the third device (69%), which was older and needed to have the laser replaced.
Chronic inflammation markers and cytokine-specific autoantibodies in Danish blood donors with restless legs syndrome
Authors: Dowsett Joseph , Didriksen Maria , von Stemann Jakob Hjorth , Larsen Margit Hørup , Thørner Lise Wegner , Sørensen Erik , Erikstrup Christian , Pedersen Ole Birger , Hansen Morten Bagge , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Banasik Karina , Ostrowski Sisse Rye 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRestless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a neurological sensorimotor disorder negatively impacting sufferers’ quality of sleep and health-related quality of life. The pathophysiology of RLS is poorly understood and research focusing on the link between RLS and inflammation has been limited. Our study aimed to investigate whether chronic inflammation markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), as well plasma levels of five different cytokine-specific autoantibodies (c-aAb), i.e. modulators of inflammation, associate with RLS in otherwise healthy individuals. CRP, suPAR and c-aAb were measured in plasma samples of participants from the Danish Blood Donor Study in 2010. Returning donors between 2015 and 2018 completed the validated Cambridge-Hopkins RLS-questionnaire for RLS assessment, resulting in datasets with RLS assessment and values for CRP (N = 3564), suPAR (N = 2546) and c-aAb (N = 1478). We performed logistic regression models using the CRP, suPAR or c-aAb as the independent variable and RLS status as the dependent variable, adjusted for appropriate covariates. Our study indicates that a high concentration of CRP is associated with RLS, while an increased probability of experiencing frequent RLS symptoms in those with an elevated plasma suPAR level appears to be mediated through lifestyle factors. We additionally report that a high titer of autoantibodies specific against the cytokine interferon-alpha was associated with RLS. Our results support the existence of links between systemic inflammation and RLS, though further RLS studies on CRP, suPAR and c-aAb in larger cohorts are warranted to confirm our findings and further reveal the hitherto underexplored links between RLS and inflammation.
Psychological impact of far-right terrorism against Muslim minorities on national distress, community, and wellbeing
Authors: Byrne Kate G. , Yogeeswaran Kumar , Dorahy Martin J. , Gale Jessica , Afzali M. Usman , Bulbulia Joseph , Sibley Chris G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Christchurch mosque shootings on March 15th, 2019 was the deadliest incident of mass violence in New Zealand for over a century. The present study investigated the psychological impact of these terrorist attacks targeting a specific minority community on the psychological functioning of the wider New Zealand population by examining changes in terrorism anxiety, sense of community, psychological distress, and wellbeing. Data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Survey (N = 47,951; age range 18–99 years, M = 48.59, SD = 13.86; 62% female) collected across a year, including approximately 6 months following the terrorist attack, was used. Regression discontinuity analyses found a statistically significant increase in terrorism anxiety and sense of community following the attacks, yet counterintuitively, no significant change in psychological distress or wellbeing. These findings provide unique insight into the psychological implications of politically motivated violence for the wider population when terrorism is directed toward a specific minority group.
Late-life longitudinal blood pressure trajectories as predictor of dementia
Authors: Lee Allen T. C. , Fung Ada W. T. , Richards Marcus , Chan Wai C. , Chiu Helen F. K. , Lee Ruby S. Y. , Lam Linda C. W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile hypertension is widely recognized as a risk factor for dementia, few observational studies and clinical trials fully accounted for the effect of age on blood pressure (BP) changes prior to dementia onset. In this territory-wide population-based longitudinal study of 16,591 community-living dementia-free older adults, we followed their BP and cognitive status and tested if loss of longitudinal increase in BP in late life was associated with higher dementia risk in 6 years, with consideration of the confounding effects of hypertension, hypotension, BP variability, and other health problems and behaviours and, in the data analysis, exclusion of individuals who developed dementia within 3 years after baseline to minimize risk of reverse causality. Over 72,997 person-years of follow-up, 1429 participants developed dementia. We found that loss of longitudinal increase in systolic BP (defined as SBP increased by either < 10 mmHg or 10%) from baseline to Year 3 was independently associated with higher risk of incident dementia at Years 4 to 6 (adjusted OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02–1.45, p = 0.03; adjusted OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.03–1.50, p = 0.02; respectively). Our findings suggest that late-life SBP trajectory changes might independently predict dementia onset and highlight the importance of including longitudinal BP monitoring in dementia risk assessment.
PSD3 downregulation confers protection against fatty liver disease
Authors: Mancina Rosellina M. , Sasidharan Kavitha , Lindblom Anna , Wei Ying , Ciociola Ester , Jamialahmadi Oveis , Pingitore Piero , Andréasson Anne-Christine , Pellegrini Giovanni , Baselli Guido , Männistö Ville , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Kärjä Vesa , Grimaudo Stefania , Marini Ilaria , Maggioni Marco , Becattini Barbara , Tavaglione Federica , Dix Carly , Castaldo Marie , Klein Stephanie , Perelis Mark , Pattou Francois , Thuillier Dorothée , Raverdy Violeta , Dongiovanni Paola , Fracanzani Anna Ludovica , Stickel Felix , Hampe Jochen , Buch Stephan , Luukkonen Panu K. , Prati Daniele , Yki-Järvinen Hannele , Petta Salvatore , Xing Chao , Schafmayer Clemens , Aigner Elmar , Datz Christian , Lee Richard G. , Valenti Luca , Lindén Daniel , Romeo Stefano 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFatty liver disease (FLD) is a growing health issue with burdening unmet clinical needs. FLD has a genetic component but, despite the common variants already identified, there is still a missing heritability component. Using a candidate gene approach, we identify a locus (rs71519934) at the Pleckstrin and Sec7 domain-containing 3 (PSD3) gene resulting in a leucine to threonine substitution at position 186 of the protein (L186T) that reduces susceptibility to the entire spectrum of FLD in individuals at risk. PSD3 downregulation by short interfering RNA reduces intracellular lipid content in primary human hepatocytes cultured in two and three dimensions, and in human and rodent hepatoma cells. Consistent with this, Psd3 downregulation by antisense oligonucleotides in vivo protects against FLD in mice fed a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-inducing diet. Thus, translating these results to humans, PSD3 downregulation might be a future therapeutic option for treating FLD.
Syrbactin-class dual constitutive- and immuno-proteasome inhibitor TIR-199 impedes myeloma-mediated bone degenerationin vivo
Authors: Tandon Vasudha , Vala Ruturajsinh M. , Chen Albert , Sah Robert L. , Patel Hitendra M. , Pirrung Michael C. , Banerjee Sourav 
Published: January 2022

AbstractProteasome-addicted neoplastic malignancies present a considerable refractory and relapsed phenotype with patients exhibiting drug resistance and high mortality rates. To counter this global problem, novel proteasome-based therapies are being developed. In the current study, we extensively characterize TIR-199, a syrbactin-class proteasome inhibitor derived from a plant virulence factor of bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv syringae. We report that TIR-199 is a potent constitutive and immunoproteasome inhibitor, capable of inducing cell death in multiple myeloma, triple-negative breast cancer, (TNBC) and non-small cell lung cancer lines. TIR-199 also effectively inhibits the proteasome in primary myeloma cells of patients, and bypasses the PSMB5 A49T+A50V bortezomib-resistant mutant. TIR-199 treatment leads to accumulation of canonical proteasome substrates in cells, it is specific, and does not inhibit 50 other enzymes tested in vitro. The drug exhibits synergistic cytotoxicity in combination with proteasome-activating kinase DYRK2 inhibitor LDN192960. Furthermore, low-doses of TIR-199 exhibits in vivo activity by delaying myeloma-mediated bone degeneration in a mouse xenograft model. Together, our data indicates that proteasome inhibitor TIR-199 could indeed be a promising next-generation drug within the repertoire of proteasome-based therapeutics.
A new approach for top‐oil thermal modelling of power transformers using Unscented Kalman filter considering IEEE C57.91 standard
Authors: Bagheri Alireza , Allahbakhshi Mehdi , Arefi Mohammad Mehdi , Najafi Nassim , Javadi Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDetermining the transformer top‐oil temperature (TOT) is one of the key issues in determining the transformer insulation life and reliability of the power system. Due to the non‐linear nature of the model presented in the IEEE C57.91 standard to determine this temperature, a more precise method is needed to estimate the equation coefficients to estimate the TOT in the future. This paper presents a method for online thermal modelling of the transformer according to the IEEE C57.91 based on the Unscented Kalman filter (UKF). This method can be applied to transformers with a variety of cooling modes and estimates the TOT with an acceptable error. In order to evaluate the proposed method, the practical data of the 800 kVA distribution transformer with unknown equation coefficients and simulated data with known coefficients are used, and finally, by calculating the estimation error, the proper performance of the presented method is proved. It is proved that the proposed method predicts TOT even in the presence of noise with an error of less than 0.5°C and a delay of less than 1.5 h. It makes the proposed method can be implemented for purposes such as load management, and insulation life estimation of the transformer.