bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biodiesel Synthesis From Cucumis melo Var. agrestis Seed Oil: Toward Non-food Biomass Biorefineries
Authors: Ameen Maria , Zafar Muhammad , Nizami Abdul-Sattar , Ahmad Mushtaq , Munir Mamoona , Sultana Shazia , Usma Anwar , Rehan Mohammad 
Published: July 2022

This study aims to examine the potential of non-edible seed oil (Cucumis melo var. agrestis), seed oil content 29.1%, FFA 0.64 (mg KOH/g) for biodiesel production via nano-catalyst. The catalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The maximum biodiesel yield (93%) was attained under optimized conditions, i.e., 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 2 wt% catalyst (MgO) at 60°C. The synthesized biodiesel yield was optimized through response surface technology via Box Behnken design (BBD). Biodiesel was characterized by advanced analytical techniques, including gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy, FTIR, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Fuel properties of synthesized biodiesel, including density (0.800 kg/L), K. viscosity @ 40°C (4.23 cSt), cloud point −12°C, pour point −7°C, sulfur content (0.0001%), flash point (73.5°C), total acid no (0.167 mg KOH/g) were found in lines with international standard of American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM). Cucumis melo var. agrestic seed oil and nano MgO catalyst appeared as economical, sustainable, and feasible candidates to overcome global energy glitches and environmental issues. The study findings involving unpalatable seed oil will be a promising step toward non-food biomass biorefinery.
Nonintrusive Load Monitoring Method Based on Color Encoding and Improved Twin Support Vector Machine
Authors: Zhang Ruoyuan , Wang Yuan , Song Yang 
Published: July 2022

In the process of traditional power load identification, the load information of V-I track is missing, the image similarity of V-I track of some power loads is high and the recognition effect is not good, and the training time of recognition model is too long. In view of the abovementioned situation, this study proposes a power load recognition method based on color image coding and the improved twin support vector machine (ITWSVM). First, based on the traditional voltage–current gray trajectory method, the bilinear interpolation technique is used to solve the pixel discontinuity problem effectively. Considering the complementarity of features, the numerical features are embedded into the gray V-I trajectory by constructing three channels, namely, current (R), voltage (G), and phase (B), so the color V-I image with rich electrical features is obtained. Second, the two-dimension Gabor wavelet is used to extract the texture features of the image, and the dimension is reduced by means of local linear embedding (LLE). Finally, the artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) is used to optimize the twin support vector machine (TWSVM), and the ITWSM is used to train the load recognition model, which greatly enhances the model training speed. Experimental results show that the proposed color V-I image coding method and the ITWSVM classification method, compared with the traditional V-I track image construction method and image classification algorithm, improve the accuracy by 6.12% and reduce the model training time by 1071.23 s.
Size-Resolved Fluorescence Underscores Negligible Interaction of Dissolved Organic Matter During Conservative Mixing in a Large Boreal River
Authors: Xue Jin-Ping , Cuss Chad W. , Wang Yu , Javed Muhammad B. , Noernberg Tommy , Pelletier Rick , Shotyk William 
Published: July 2022

Although river mixing occurs widely in nature, the corresponding evolution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition remains poorly understood. Here, surface water samples were collected at multiple transects in the lower Athabasca River (LAR) under base-flow conditions. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) coupled to online excitation-emission measurements (EEMs) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were utilized to investigate the size distribution of fluorescent DOM components during river mixing and the corresponding variation in size-resolved fluorescence. The majority of fluorescent components occurred at 0.810 and 1.170 kDa, reflecting the small size of the DOM molecules with maximum fluorescence. The loadings of fluorescence normalized to absorbance at 254 nm (A254) were highest for most terrestrial humic-like components, followed by the microbial humic-like component, and the protein-like components. Differences in size-resolved fluorescence were observed between DOM in humic-rich tributaries and in the mainstem of the LAR upstream of tributary inputs. The trend of variations in the A254-normalized PARAFAC loadings of terrestrial humic-like components also illustrates conservative mixing of aromatic-rich terrestrial DOM across size fractions in the LAR. From a molecular point of view, the mixing of fluorescent DOM occurred linearly and simultaneously across sizes without any evidence of aggregation, sedimentation, or changes in the fluorescence or concentration of any size fraction over the &gt;60 km required for complete mixing of the river and its tributaries. Overall, this study provides insights into the size characteristics of fluorescent components of DOM and their conservative mixing behavior in large boreal rivers.
Time Series Analysis and Forecasting of Air Pollutants Based on Prophet Forecasting Model in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Hasnain Ahmad , Sheng Yehua , Hashmi Muhammad Zaffar , Bhatti Uzair Aslam , Hussain Aamir , Hameed Mazhar , Marjan Shah , Bazai Sibghat Ullah , Hossain Mohammad Amzad , Sahabuddin Md , Wagan Raja Asif , Zha Yong 
Published: July 2022

Due to recent developments in the global economy, transportation, and industrialization, air pollution is one of main environmental issues in the 21st century. The current study aimed to predict both short-term and long-term air pollution in Jiangsu Province, China, based on the Prophet forecasting model (PFM). We collected data from 72 air quality monitoring stations to forecast six air pollutants: PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. To determine the accuracy of the model and to compare its results with predicted and actual values, we used the correlation coefficient (R), mean squared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The results show that PFM predicted PM10 and PM2.5 with R values of 0.40 and 0.52, RMSE values of 16.37 and 12.07 μg/m3, and MAE values of 11.74 and 8.22 μg/m3, respectively. Among other pollutants, PFM also predicted SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 with R values are between 5 μg/m3 to 12 μg/m3; and MAE values between 2 μg/m3 to 11 μg/m3. PFM has extensive power to accurately predict the concentrations of air pollutants and can be used to forecast air pollution in other regions. The results of this research will be helpful for local authorities and policymakers to control air pollution and plan accordingly in upcoming years.
Spatiotemporal Variations of Vegetation Net Primary Productivity and Its Response to Meteorological Factors Across the Yellow River Basin During the Period 1981–2020
Authors: Tian Hongwei , Ji Xingjie , Zhang Fangmin 
Published: July 2022

Based on trend analysis, partial correlation analysis, and Mann–Kendall test, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of net primary productivity (NPP) in the Yellow River Basin and their responses to meteorological factors during the period 1981–2020. The results revealed that NPP had high values in the mid-south part but low values in the northwestern part of the Yellow River Basin. The average NPP was 195.3 g C·m−2·a−1 from 1981 to 2020, and the inter-annual fluctuation of NPP showed a significant increasing trend with an increasing rate of 2.35 g C·m−2·a−2 (p &lt; 0.01). The annual mean temperature showed a positive correlation with NPP in 99.6% of the basin, and 91.4% of which passed the 0.01 significant test. NPP and annual precipitation positively correlated in 87.1% of the basin, and 41.7% of which passed the 0.01 significant test. In 75.2% of the basin, NPP was related negatively with annual sunshine hours, and 17.6% of which of which passed the 0.01 significant test.
Population-Based Screening of Newborns: Findings From the NBS Expansion Study (Part One)
Authors: Brower Amy , Chan Kee , Williams Marc , Berry Susan , Currier Robert , Rinaldo Piero , Caggana Michele , Gaviglio Amy , Wilcox William , Steiner Robert , Holm Ingrid A. , Taylor Jennifer , Orsini Joseph J. , Brunelli Luca , Adelberg Joanne , Bodamer Olaf , Viall Sarah , Scharfe Curt , Wasserstein Melissa , Chen Jin Y. , Escolar Maria , Goldenberg Aaron , Swoboda Kathryn , Ficicioglu Can , Matern Dieter , Lee Rachel , Watson Michael 
Published: July 2022

Each year, through population-based newborn screening (NBS), 1 in 294 newborns is identified with a condition leading to early treatment and, in some cases, life-saving interventions. Rapid advancements in genomic technologies to screen, diagnose, and treat newborns promise to significantly expand the number of diseases and individuals impacted by NBS. However, expansion of NBS occurs slowly in the United States (US) and almost always occurs condition by condition and state by state with the goal of screening for all conditions on a federally recommended uniform panel. The Newborn Screening Translational Research Network (NBSTRN) conducted the NBS Expansion Study to describe current practices, identify expansion challenges, outline areas for improvement in NBS, and suggest how models could be used to evaluate changes and improvements. The NBS Expansion Study included a workshop of experts, a survey of clinicians, an analysis of data from online repositories of state NBS programs, reports and publications of completed pilots, federal committee reports, and proceedings, and the development of models to address the study findings. This manuscript (Part One) reports on the design, execution, and results of the NBS Expansion Study. The Study found that the capacity to expand NBS is variable across the US and that nationwide adoption of a new condition averages 9.5 years. Four factors that delay and/or complicate NBS expansion were identified. A companion paper (Part Two) presents a use case for each of the four factors and highlights how modeling could address these challenges to NBS expansion.
Sex chromosome aneuploidies give rise to changes in the circular RNA profile: A circular transcriptome-wide study of Turner and Klinefelter syndrome across different tissues
Authors: Johannsen Emma B. , Just Jesper , Viuff Mette H. , Okholm Trine Line Hauge , Pedersen Steen B. , Meyer Lauritsen Katrine , Trolle Christian , Pedersen Mette Glavind Bülow , Chang Simon , Fedder Jens , Skakkebæk Anne , Gravholt Claus H. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: The landscape of circular RNAs (circRNAs), an important class of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, has never been described in human disorders of sex chromosome aneuploidies. We profiled circRNAs in Turner syndrome females (45,X; TS) and Klinefelter syndrome males (47,XXY; KS) to investigate how circRNAs respond to a missing or an extra X chromosome.Methods: Samples of blood, muscle and fat were collected from individuals with TS (n = 33) and KS (n = 22) and from male (n = 16) and female (n = 44) controls. CircRNAs were identified using a combination of circRNA identification pipelines (CIRI2, CIRCexplorer2 and circRNA_finder).Results: Differential expression of circRNAs was observed throughout the genome in TS and KS, in all tissues. The host-genes from which several of these circRNAs were derived, were associated with known phenotypic traits. Furthermore, several differentially expressed circRNAs had the potential to capture micro RNAs that targeted protein-coding genes with altered expression in TS and KS.Conclusion: Sex chromosome aneuploidies introduce changes in the circRNA transcriptome, demonstrating that the genomic changes in these syndromes are more complex than hitherto thought. CircRNAs may help explain some of the genomic and phenotypic traits observed in these syndromes.
The prognostic value and immune landscape of a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Yao jun , Li Hai yan , Zhang Quan , Wei Sheng li 
Published: July 2022

Background: Cuproptosis has been recognized as a novel regulatory cell death, which has been confirmed to promote the occurrence and development of tumors. However, whether cuproptosis-related lncRNA has an impact on the prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) is still unclear.Methods: In total, 501 HNSCC tumor samples and 44 normal were downloaded from the TCGA database. Cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were obtained by co-expressed analysis. We got prognostic lncRNA that was associated with cuproptosis by using univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression. Then we constructed and validated the prognostic signature of HNSCC and analyzed the immune landscape of the signature.Results: The Prognostic Signature is based on 10 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs including AC090587.1, AC004943.2, TTN-AS1, AL162458.1, AC106820.5, AC012313.5, AL132800.1, WDFY3-AS2, CDKN2A-DT, and AL136419.3. The results of overall survival, risk score distribution, and survival status in the low-risk group were better than those in the high-risk group. In addition, all immune checkpoint genes involved were significantly different between the two risk groups (p &lt; 0.05). The risk score was positively correlated with Eosinophils. M0 and M2 phenotype macrophages, mast cells activated, NK cells activated, and negatively related with B cells naive, mast cells resting, plasma cells, CD8T cells, T cells follicular helper, T cells regulatory (Tregs). Consensus clustering was identified in molecular subtypes of HNSC. More high-risk samples concentrated in Cluster1, which had a higher Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) alternation than Cluster2.Conclusion: Our study elucidated the correlation between cuproptosis-related lncRNA with prognosis and immune landscape of HNSCC, which may provide references for further research on the exploration of the mechanism and functions of the prognosis for HNSCC.
Obstetric risk in pregnancy interacts with hair cortisone levels to reduce gestational length
Authors: Musana Joseph , Cohen Craig R. , Kuppermann Miriam , Gerona Roy , Wanyoro Anthony , Aguilar David , Santos Nicole , Temmerman Marleen , Weiss Sandra J. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMaternal psychological stress has been linked to preterm birth. However, the differential contribution of psychological stress versus stress hormones is not clear. Studies focus primarily on perceived stress and cortisol, with few assessing its inter-convertible hormone cortisone. Furthermore, little is known about the potential moderating roles of obstetric risk and fetal sex in the relationship between maternal stress and gestational length. This gap in knowledge is particularly evident for rural women who typically experience chronic multiple stressors during pregnancy. We explored the relationship of hormonal and psychological stress to gestational length and the effects of obstetric risks and fetal sex on this relationship among Kenyan pregnant women.MethodsThe sample included 130 women recruited between 22 to 28 weeks gestation. They completed a clinical and sociodemographic questionnaire together with the Perceived Stress Scale and provided a hair sample for cortisol and cortisone assay. Women underwent an ultrasound to assess weeks of gestation. At delivery, their pregnancy-related health problems were identified using information extracted from medical records to compile each woman's number of pregnancy risks on the Obstetric Medical Risk Index (OMRI).ResultsPerceived stress and hair cortisol were not significant predictors of gestational length. However, a greater number of obstetric risks on the OMRI was associated with shorter gestational length. This effect was further explained by the interaction between obstetric risk and hair cortisone (B = 0.709, p = 0.02). Hair cortisone levels of mothers who had a shorter gestation were significantly higher in mothers with 2 or more risks on the OMRI but not among mothers with only one or no risks (t = 2.39, p = 0.02). Fetal sex had no relationship to gestational length and also had no moderating effect on the relationship between any stress-related metric and gestational length.ConclusionCortisone levels may increase in anticipation of shorter gestation as a compensatory response to increased obstetric risk. Elevated cortisone may be a more sensitive marker of risk for early delivery than cortisol or psychological stress, with salience for both the male and female fetus.
Incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Qian , Liu Yang , Wang Wei , Zhang Yu , Liu Kui , Chen Song-Hua , Chen Bin 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are particularly susceptible to infections, such as pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). This meta-analysis aimed to determine the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in SLE patients.MethodsThe Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for articles of relevant studies published from the dates the databases were established until April 30, 2022. The I2 statistic and Q test were used to evaluate heterogeneity among the analysed studies. Random-effects models were utilised and subgroup analyses were conducted for analysis of the study data.ResultsA total of 35 studies with 46,327 SLE patients were eligible for analysis. The incidence and prevalence of TB among the SLE patients were 1.16 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-1.93) and 3.59% (95% CI: 2.57%-5.02%), respectively. The pooled prevalence of SLE-PTB and SLE-EPTB was 2.46% (95% CI: 1.73%-3.51%) and 1.42% (95% CI: 0.98%-2.06%), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that the incidence of SLE-TB was higher in Africa and in countries with a high TB burden than in countries with a low TB burden. The prevalence of SLE-TB was elevated in Asia, in patients taking a mean daily dose of glucocorticoids ≥20 mg, in studies with small sample sizes (n &lt;1000) and ended before 2001.ConclusionsThe available evidence suggests that both the incidence and prevalence of TB in SLE patients are high. This study provides a more specific understanding of SLE-TB, which can help health policymakers in the development of preventive strategies for reducing the SLE-TB burden.
Knowledge Mapping of Exosomes in Autoimmune Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis (2002–2021)
Authors: Wu Fengping , Gao Jinfang , Kang Jie , Wang Xuexue , Niu Qing , Liu Jiaxi , Zhang Liyun 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAutoimmune diseases (AIDs) are a class of chronic disabling diseases characterized by inflammation and damage to muscles, joints, bones, and internal organs. Recent studies have shown that much progress has been made in the research of exosomes in AIDs. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of exosomes in AIDs through bibliometrics.MethodPublications related to exosomes in AIDs from 2002 to 2021 were searched on the web of science core collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewers, CiteSpace and R package “bibliometrix” were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis.Results312 articles from 48 countries led by China and the United States were included. The number of publications related to exosomes in AIDs is increasing year by year. Central South University, Sun Yat Sen University, Tianjin Medical University and University of Pennsylvania are the main research institutions. Frontiers in immunology is the most popular journal in this field, and Journal of Immunology is the most co-cited journal. These publications come from 473 authors among which Ilias Alevizos, Qianjin Lu, Wei Wei, Jim Xiang and Ming Zhao had published the most papers and Clotilde Théry was co-cited most often. Studying the mechanism of endogenous exosomes in the occurrence and development of AIDs and the therapeutic strategy of exogenous exosomes in AIDs are the main topics in this research field. “Mesenchymal stem cells”, “microRNA”, “biomarkers”, “immunomodulation”, and “therapy” are the primary keywords of emerging research hotspots.ConclusionThis is the first bibliometric study that comprehensively summarizes the research trends and developments of exosomes in AIDs. This information identifies recent research frontiers and hot directions, which will provide a reference for scholars studying exosomes.
The effects of nursing work environment on patient safety in Saudi Arabian hospitals
Authors: AL-Dossary Reem N. 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the impact of the nursing work environment on patients’ safety in Saudi Arabian hospitals.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional design for collecting the data related to the nursing work environment and patients’ safety from nursing staff in Saudi Arabian hospitals. The survey questionnaire included in this study has two pre-validated questionnaires including practice environment scale-nursing work index questionnaire and hospital’s survey on patients’ safety developed by Surveys on Patients Safety Culture. The survey link was forwarded to HR administrators of 96 hospitals in Saudi Arabia, which included 72 public hospitals, 23 private hospitals, and one public-private hospital. Three hundred sixty-nine responses were received. After removing the incomplete responses, 357 responses were considered for the data analysis, in which t-tests and Pearson’s correlation techniques were adopted.ResultsStrongest correlations were identified between resource adequacy and work area (r = 0.763, p &lt; 0.01), “participation in management and leadership” and work area (r = 0.712, p &lt; 0.01), “participation in management and leadership” and supervisor/managers’ approaches (r = 0.731, p &lt; 0.01), and “nursing care and inter-disciplinary relationships and frequency of events” (r = 0.701, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionThe nursing work environment factors, especially participation, management and leadership, nursing care, inter-disciplinary relationships, and resource adequacy have to be improved in order to improve the patients’ safety.