bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commensal oral microbiota impacts ulcerative oral mucositis clinical course in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Bruno Julia S. , Heidrich Vitor , Knebel Franciele H. , de Molla Vinícius Campos , Parahyba Claudia Joffily , Miranda-Silva Wanessa , Asprino Paula F. , Tucunduva Luciana , Rocha Vanderson , Novis Yana , Arrais-Rodrigues Celso , Camargo Anamaria A. , Fregnani Eduardo R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOral mucositis (OM) is a complex acute cytotoxicity of antineoplastic treatment that affects 40–85% of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. OM is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased extensive pharmacotherapy, need for parenteral nutrition, and elevated treatment costs. As OM onset relates to the mucosal microenvironment status, with a particular role for microbiota-driven inflammation, we aimed to investigate whether the oral mucosa microbiota was associated with the clinical course of OM in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. We collected oral mucosa samples from 30 patients and analyzed the oral mucosa microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing. A total of 13 patients (43%) developed ulcerative OM. We observed that specific taxa were associated with oral mucositis grade and time to oral mucositis healing. Porphyromonas relative abundance at preconditioning was positively correlated with ulcerative OM grade (Spearman ρ = 0.61, P = 0.028) and higher Lactobacillus relative abundance at ulcerative OM onset was associated with shortened ulcerative OM duration (P = 0.032). Additionally, we generated a machine-learning-based bacterial signature that uses pre-treatment microbial profiles to predict whether a patient will develop OM during treatment. Our findings suggest that further research should focus on host-microbiome interactions to better prevent and treat OM.
Heat transfer and hybrid ferrofluid flow over a nonlinearly stretchable rotating disk under the influence of an alternating magnetic field
Authors: Rauf Abdul , Mushtaq Aqsa , Shah Nehad Ali , Botmart Thongchai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnder the influence of an alternating magnetic field, flow and heat transfer of a ferrofluid flow over a flexible revolving disc are examined. The flow is hampered by the external magnetic field, which is dependent on the alternating magnetic field's frequency. The current work examines the heat transfer and three-dimensional flow of fluid with high viscosity on a spinning disc that is stretched in a radial direction. The governing equations' symmetries are computed using Lie group theory. In the problem, there is a resemblance that can accomplish with radially stretching velocities divided into two categories, specifically, linear and power-law, by imposing limits from the boundary conditions. The literature has already covered linear stretching, but this is the first discussion of power-law stretching. The governing partial differential is turned into an ordinary differential equations system using additional similarity transformations, which are then numerically handled. The results are presented for hybrid alumina–copper/ethylene glycol ($${\text{Al}}_{2} {\text{O}}_{3} - {\text{Cu}}/{\text{EG}}$$

Al
2

O
3

-
Cu
/
EG

) nanofluid. The calculated findings are novel, and it has been seen that they accord quite well with those of the earlier extended literature. It has been found that hybrid nanofluid flow outperforms nanofluid flow in terms of Nusselt number or heat transfer rate. The heat transmission in the fluid is reduced as the Prandtl number is increased. The heat transfer increases as dimensionless magnetic field intensity $$\xi$$
ξ
increases. Also, axial velocity and radial velocity decrease as magnetic field intensity increases. As the ferromagnetic interaction parameter is raised, the efficiency of heat transmission decreased. For non-linear stretching with stretching parameter 0 < m < 1, the velocity decreases with the increase in m.
A randomized trial assessing the efficacy of Silymarin on endometrioma-related manifestations
Authors: Mirzaei Negin , Jahanian Sadatmahalleh Shahideh , Rouholamin Safoura , Nasiri Malihe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo study the effect of silymarin on the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level, size of endometrioma lesion, pain, sexual function, and Quality of Life (QoL) in women diagnosed with endometriosis. This randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed on 70 women with endometriosis which was divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention was 140 mg silymarin (or matching placebo) administered twice daily for 12 weeks. The volume of endometrioma lesions, the level of IL-6 concentration in serum, pain, sexual function, and QoL were analyzed before and after the intervention. The means of endometrioma volume (P = 0.04), IL-6 (P = 0.002), and pain (P < 0.001) were reduced significantly in the silymarin group after intervention. However, the QoL and female sexual function did not improve substantially in the two groups (P > 0.05). Silymarin significantly reduced interleukin-6 levels, sizes of endometrioma lesions, and pain-related symptoms. The trial has been registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20150905023897N5) on 4th February 2020 (04/02/2020) (https://en.irct.ir/trial/42215) and the date of initial participant enrollment was 2nd March 2020 (02/03/2020).
Breast milk mesenchymal stem cells abate cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult male albino rats via modulating the AMPK pathway
Authors: Nageeb Mahitab M. , Saadawy Sara F. , Attia Seba Hassan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMyocardial injury influenced by cisplatin (Cis) is a compelling reason to hunt out a treatment modality to overcome such a threat in cisplatin-treated patients. Breast Milk mesenchymal stem cells (Br-MSCs) are a non-invasive, highly reproducible source of stem cells. Herein, we investigate Br-MSCs' role in cardiotoxicity induced by cisplatin. Rats were divided into; control, Cis-treated (received 12 mg/kg single intraperitoneal injection), BrMSCs-treated (received single intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml sterilized phosphate-buffered saline containing 2 × 107 cells of Br-MSCs); metformin-treated (received 250 mg/kg/day orally) and BrMSCs + metformin + Cis treated groups. At the experiment end, serum creatine kinase (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) activates were estimated, cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured, cardiac expression of Bax and Bcl-2 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), as well as heart histopathology, were evaluated. Study results showed that Cis explored acute cardiotoxicity evidenced by deteriorated cardiac indices, induction of oxidative stress, and inflammation with myocardium histological alterations. Treatment with Br-MSCs restored heart function and structure deteriorated by Cis injection. The antioxidant/anti-inflammatory/anti-apoptotic results of Br-MSCs were supported by AMPK activation denoting their protective role against cisplatin-induced cardiac injury. These results were superior when metformin was added to the treatment protocol.
Transition matrices model as a way to better understand and predict intra-hospital pathways of covid-19 patients
Authors: Foucrier Arnaud , Perrio Jules , Grisel Johann , Crépey Pascal , Gayat Etienne , Vieillard-Baron Antoine , Batteux Frédéric , Gauss Tobias , Squara Pierre , Lo Seak-Hy , Wargon Matthias , Hellmann Romain 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince January 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has severely affected hospital systems worldwide. In Europe, the first 3 epidemic waves (periods) have been the most severe in terms of number of infected and hospitalized patients. There are several descriptions of the demographic and clinical profiles of patients with COVID-19, but few studies of their hospital pathways. We used transition matrices, constructed from Markov chains, to illustrate the transition probabilities between different hospital wards for 90,834 patients between March 2020 and July 2021 managed in Paris area. We identified 3 epidemic periods (waves) during which the number of hospitalized patients was significantly high. Between the 3 periods, the main differences observed were: direct admission to ICU, from 14 to 18%, mortality from ICU, from 28 to 24%, length of stay (alive patients), from 9 to 7 days from CH and from 18 to 10 days from ICU. The proportion of patients transferred from CH to ICU remained stable. Understanding hospital pathways of patients is crucial to better monitor and anticipate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on health system.
BDNF/TRKB axis provokes EMT progression to induce cell aggressiveness via crosstalk with cancer-associated fibroblasts in human parotid gland cancer
Authors: Moriwaki Kazumasa , Wada Masaki , Kuwabara Hiroko , Ayani Yusuke , Terada Tetsuya , Higashino Masaaki , Kawata Ryo , Asahi Michio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParotid gland cancer (PGC) is a rare malignancy and its molecular characteristics remain poorly understood, which has precluded the development of effective drug therapies. Given the poor prognosis of many human cancers in which tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRKB) is highly expressed, we investigated the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/TRKB pathway in PGC cells using clinical specimens and observed upregulation of TRKB and BDNF. In primary culture systems of patient-derived PGC cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), PGC cells co-cultured with CAFs exhibited significant upregulation of BDNF and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Similar results were observed in PGC cells treated with conditioned medium from co-cultures of PGC cells with CAFs. Administration of TRK inhibitors suppressed BDNF-induced cell migration in PGC cells. Immunohistochemical and clinicopathological analyses of tumors from patients with PGC revealed that BDNF and TRKB were highly expressed in both tumor cells and stromal cells such as CAFs, and TRKB expression levels in PGC cells were significantly correlated with aggressive features, including vascular invasion, nodal metastasis, and poor prognosis. Collectively, these data suggest that the BDNF/TRKB pathway regulates PGC cell aggressiveness via crosstalk with CAFs and is a potential therapeutic target for PGC harboring invasive and metastatic features.
Assessing Müllerian mimicry in North American bumble bees using human perception
Authors: Wilson Joseph S. , Pan Aaron D. , Alvarez Sussy I. , Carril Olivia Messinger 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDespite the broad recognition of mimicry among bumble bees, distinct North American mimicry rings have yet to be defined, due in part to the prevalence of intermediate and imperfect mimics in this region. Here we employ a generalization approach using human perception to categorize mimicry rings among North American bumble bees. We then map species distributions on North American ecoregions to visually test for geographic concordance among similarly-colored species. Our analyses suggest that there are five mimicry rings in the North American bumble bee mimicry complex, and one broadly distributed group of mixed and intermediate color forms. We describe the Black Mimicry Ring, Black-cloaked Mimicry Ring, Eastern Yellow Mimicry Ring, Red Mimicry Ring, and Western Yellow Mimicry Ring as well as the mixed group. We then test these hypothesized mimicry rings by examining other insects that participate in these mimicry rings. Describing these mimicry rings is a vital step that will enable future analyses of imperfect mimicry, intermediate mimicry, and additional analyses of other insects that mimic bumble bees.
Efficient achievement of enteral autonomy facilitates resolution of liver injury in necrotizing enterocolitis induced short bowel syndrome
Authors: Mutanen Annika , Pöntinen Ville , Gunnar Riikka , Merras-Salmio Laura , Pakarinen Mikko P. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChildren with short bowel syndrome (SBS) are at high risk for intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). The aim of this retrospective follow-up study was to compare weaning off parenteral nutrition (PN) and IFALD between necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and non-NEC induced SBS. Altogether, 77 patients with neonatal SBS treated by our multidisciplinary intestinal failure unit (NEC n = 38, non-NEC SBS n = 39) were included and followed-up at least for 2 years until median age of 10 years (interquartile range, 6.0–16). Occurrence and characteristics of IFALD was assessed with liver biopsies obtained at median age of 3.2 (1.0–6.7) years (n = 62) and serum liver biochemistry. Overall, NEC patients had less end-jejunostomies and autologous intestinal reconstruction surgeries performed compared to non-NEC patients (< 0.05), while remaining small bowel anatomy was comparable between groups. Cumulative weaning off PN was more frequent and duration of PN shorter among NEC patients (P < 0.05). Overall cumulative probability of histological IFALD was lower among NEC patients during whole follow-up period (P = 0.052) and at 10 years (P = 0.024). NEC patients had lower ALT and GGT levels at last follow-up (P < 0.05 for all). In univariate Cox regression analysis, absence of end-jejunostomy, NEC diagnosis, longer remaining small bowel length, multidisciplinary treatment and prematurity were predictive for weaning off PN, while NEC diagnosis and lower birth weight in addition to multidisciplinary care protected from histological IFALD. Neonates with NEC induced SBS reached enteral autonomy earlier than those with non-NEC SBS, which associated with more efficient resolution of histological IFALD among long-term survivors.
Investigation of the ionic conditions in SiRNA-mediated delivery through its carriers in the cell membrane: a molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Darvishi Mohammad Hasan , Allahverdi Abdollah , Hashemzadeh Hadi , Javadi Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSiRNA is a new generation of drug molecules and a new approach for treating a variety of diseases such as cancer and viral infections. SiRNA delivery to cells and translocation into cytoplasm are the main challenges in the clinical application of siRNA. Lipid carriers are one of the most successful carriers for siRNA delivery. In this study, we investigated the interaction of siRNA with a zwitterionic bilayer and how ion concentration and lipid conjugation can affect it. The divalent cation such as Mg2+ ions could promote the siRNA adsorption on the bilayer surface. The cation ions can bind to the head groups of lipids and the grooves of siRNA molecules and form bridges between the siRNA and bilayer surface. Our findings demonstrated the bridges formed by divalent ions could facilitate the attachment of siRNA to the membrane surface. We showed that the divalent cations can regulate the bridging-driven membrane attachment and it seems the result of this modulation can be used for designing biomimetic devices. In the following, we examined the effect of cations on the interaction between siRNA modified by cholesterol and the membrane surface. Our MD simulations showed that in the presence of Mg2+, the electrostatic and vdW energy between the membrane and siRNA were higher compared to those in the presence of NA+. We showed that the electrostatic interaction between membrane and siRNA cannot be facilitated only by cholesterol conjugated. Indeed, cations are essential to create coulomb repulsion and enable membrane attachment. This study provides important insight into liposome carriers for siRNA delivery and could help us in the development of siRNA-based therapeutics. Due to the coronavirus pandemic outbreak, these results may shed light on the new approach for treating these diseases and their molecular details.
The Latin America Early Career Earth System Scientist Network (LAECESS): addressing present and future challenges of the upcoming generations of scientists in the region
Authors: Yáñez-Serrano Ana María , Aguilos Maricar , Barbosa Cybelli , Bolaño-Ortiz Tomás Rafael , Carbone Samara , Díaz-López Stephanie , Diez Sebastián , Dominutti Pamela , Engelhardt Vanessa , Alves Eliane Gomes , Pedraza Jenniffer , Saturno Jorge , Tzompa-Sosa Zitely A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarly career (EC) Earth system scientists in the Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC) have been facing several issues, such as limited funding opportunities, substandard scientific facilities, lack of security of tenure, and unrepresented groups equality issues. On top of this, the worsening regional environmental and climatic crises call for the need for this new generation of scientists to help to tackle these crises by increasing public awareness and research. Realizing the need to converge and step up in making a collective action to be a part of the solution, the Latin America Early Career Earth System Scientist Network (LAECESS) was created in 2016. LAECESS’s primary goals are to promote regional networking, foster integrated and interdisciplinary science, organize soft skills courses and workshops, and empower Latin American EC researchers. This article is an initial step towards letting the global science community grasp the current situation and hear the early career LAC science community’s perspectives. The paper also presents a series of future steps needed for better scientific and social development in the LAC region.
Continuous exchange of nectar nutrients in an Oriental hornet colony
Authors: Bouchebti Sofia , Bodner Levona , Levin Eran 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNutritional exchanges play a fundamental role in the evolution of animal societies. In higher animal societies, while adult individuals can be both food donors and receivers, the offspring usually only receive food from the adults. Hornets and wasps are fierce insect hunters that feed their larvae with prey. However, although the adults also consume floral nectar, the role of nectar in vespid nutrition has remained largely unknown. We provided experimental colonies of the Oriental hornet with artificial nectar enriched with a 13C-labeled amino acid, and found that a continuous cycle of nutrition took place, in which nectar nutrients were used and exchanged back and forth between adults and larvae. We posit that this continuous cycle of nutrients constitutes a mechanism contributing to social cohesion. In an additional experiment, we found that nectar consumption was essential for adult and larval survival, suggesting the importance of wasps and hornets as pollinators in natural ecosystems.
Discovery, nuclear properties, synthesis and applications of technetium-101
Authors: Johnstone Erik V. , Mayordomo Natalia , Mausolf Edward J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTechnetium-101 (101Tc) has been poorly studied in comparison with other Tc isotopes, although it was first identified over ~80 years ago shortly after the discovery of the element Tc itself. Its workable half-life and array of production modes, i.e., light/heavy particle reactions, fission, fusion-evaporation, etc., allow it to be produced and isolated using an equally diverse selection of chemical separation pathways. The inherent nuclear properties of 101Tc make it important for research and applications related to radioanalytical tracer studies, as a fission signature, fusion materials, fission reactor fuels, and potentially as a radioisotope for nuclear medicine. In this review, an aggregation of the known literature concerning the chemical, nuclear, and physical properties of 101Tc and some its applications are presented. This work aims at providing an up-to-date and first-of-its-kind overview of 101Tc that could be of importance for further development of the fundamental and applied nuclear and radiochemistry of 101Tc.
HypoMap—a unified single-cell gene expression atlas of the murine hypothalamus
Authors: Steuernagel Lukas , Lam Brian Y. H. , Klemm Paul , Dowsett Georgina K. C. , Bauder Corinna A. , Tadross John A. , Hitschfeld Tamara Sotelo , del Rio Martin Almudena , Chen Weiyi , de Solis Alain J. , Fenselau Henning , Davidsen Peter , Cimino Irene , Kohnke Sara N. , Rimmington Debra , Coll Anthony P. , Beyer Andreas , Yeo Giles S. H. , Brüning Jens C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe hypothalamus plays a key role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Despite recent progress in single-cell technologies, a unified catalog and molecular characterization of the heterogeneous cell types and, specifically, neuronal subtypes in this brain region are still lacking. Here, we present an integrated reference atlas, ‘HypoMap,’ of the murine hypothalamus, consisting of 384,925 cells, with the ability to incorporate new additional experiments. We validate HypoMap by comparing data collected from Smart-Seq+Fluidigm C1 and bulk RNA sequencing of selected neuronal cell types with different degrees of cellular heterogeneity. Finally, via HypoMap, we identify classes of neurons expressing glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (Glp1r) and prepronociceptin (Pnoc), and validate them using single-molecule in situ hybridization. Collectively, HypoMap provides a unified framework for the systematic functional annotation of murine hypothalamic cell types, and it can serve as an important platform to unravel the functional organization of hypothalamic neurocircuits and to identify druggable targets for treating metabolic disorders.
The early Japanese books reorganization by combining image processing and deep learning
Authors: Lyu Bing , Li Hengyi , Tanaka Ami , Meng Lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany early Japanese books record a large amount of information, including historical politics, economics, culture, and so on, which are all valuable legacies. These books are waiting to be reorganized at the moment. However, a large amount of the books are described by Kuzushiji, a type of handwriting cursive script that is no longer in use today and only readable by a few experts. Therefore, researchers are trying to detect and recognise the characters from these books through modern techniques. Unfortunately, the characteristics of the Kuzushiji, such as Connect‐Separate‐characters and Many‐variation, hinder the modern technique assisted re‐organisation. Connect‐Separate‐characters refer to the case of some characters connecting each other or one character being separated into unconnected parts, which makes character detection hard. Many‐variation is one of the typical characteristics of Kuzushiji, defined as the case that the same character has several variations even if they are written by the same person in the same book at the same time, which increases the difficulty of character recognition. In this sense, this paper aims to construct an early Japanese book reorganisation system by combining image processing and deep learning techniques. The experimentation has been done by testing two early Japanese books. In terms of character detection, the final Recall, Precision and F‐value reaches 79.8%, 80.3%, and 80.0%, respectively. The deep learning based character recognition accuracy of Top3 reaches 69.52%, and the highest recognition rate reaches 82.57%, which verifies the effectiveness of our proposal.