bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic transorbital extradural anterior clinoidectomy: A stepwise surgical technique and case series study [SevEN-013]
Authors: Lim Jaejoon , Sung Kyoung Su , Yoo Jihwan , Oh Jiwoong , Moon Ju Hyung 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAnterior clinoidectomy is an important procedure for approaching the central skull base lesions. However, anterior clinoidectomy through the endoscopic transorbital approach (ETOA) still has limitations due to technical difficulties and the structural complexity of the anterior clinoid process (ACP). Therefore, the authors designed a stepwise surgical technique of extradural anterior clinoidectomy through the ETOA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of this technique.MethodsAnatomical dissections were performed in 6 cadaveric specimens using a neuroendoscope and neuro-navigation system. The extradural anterior clinoidectomy through the ETOA was performed stepwise, and based on the results, this surgical technique was performed in the 7 clinical cases to evaluate its safety and efficiency.ResultsEndoscopic extradural anterior clinoidectomy was successfully performed in all cadaveric specimens and patients using the proposed technique. This 5-step technique enabled detachment of the lesser wing of sphenoid bone from the ACP, safe unroofing of the optic canal, and resection of the optic strut without injuring the optic nerve and internal carotid artery. Since the sequential resection of the 3 supporting roots of the ACP was accomplished safely, anterior clinoidectomy was then successfully performed in all clinical cases. Furthermore, no complications related to the anterior clinoidectomy occurred in any clinical case.ConclusionWe designed a stepwise surgical technique that allows safe and efficient anterior clinoidectomy through the ETOA. Using this technique, extradural anterior clinoidectomy can be accomplished under direct endoscopic visualization with low morbidity. Since this technique is applicable to the central skull base surgery where anterior clinoidectomy is necessary, it expands the application of the ETOA.
The effect of dietary fiber supplement on prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus in women with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Dong-Yao , Cheng De-Cui , Cao Yan-Nan , Su Yao , Chen Li , Liu Wen-Yu , Yu Yue-Xin , Xu Xian-Ming 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate the effect of dietary fiber intake during pregnancy on the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women who are overweight/obese prior to pregnancy.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in Shanghai General Hospital from June 2021 to March 2022. A total of 98 women who reported BMI≥24 kg/m2 prior to pregnancy were recruited before their 20th gestational week, and randomly (simple random allocation) assigned to the fiber supplement group (12 g of dietary fiber power twice daily) and the control group (standard prenatal care) from 20 to 24+6 gestational weeks. Both groups received nutrition education and dietary advice during the study. GDM diagnosis was performed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 25–28 weeks’ gestation. Data are presented as means with SD, as medians with IQR, or as counts with percentages as appropriate. Comparisons were conducted using a t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ2 test, respectively.Results: The incidence of GDM was significantly reduced in the fiber supplement group compared with the control group: 8.3 vs. 24.0% (χ2 = 4.40, p = 0.036). At OGTT, the mean fasting plasma glucose in the fiber supplement group was significantly lower than before the intervention (4.57 ± 0.38 mmol/L vs. 4.41 ± 0.29 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.01) but not in the control group (4.48 ± 0.42 mmol/L vs. 4.37 ± 0.58 mmol/L, p = 0.150). Compared with the control group, the TG and TG/HDL-C ratio levels in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (2.19 ± 0.54 mmol/L vs. 2.70 ± 0.82 mmol/L and 1.19 ± 0.49 vs.1.63 ± 0.63, respectively, all P＜0.05). The body weight gain was significantly lower in the fiber supplement group than the control group (1.99 ± 1.09 kg vs. 2.53 ± 1.20kg, p = 0.022). None of the women randomized to the fiber supplement group experienced preterm birth (&lt;37 weeks gestation) compared with 12.0% in the control group (p = 0.040). Excessive weight gain (total weight gain &gt;11.5 kg for overweight, and &gt;9.0 kg for obesity) occurred in 46.7% of women in the fiber supplement group compared with 68.0% in the control group (p = 0.035). There were no differences in other maternal and neonatal outcomes.Conclusion: Increased dietary fiber intake in pregnant women who were overweight/obese prior to pregnancy may reduce the risk of GDM, excessive weight gain, and preterm birth, but it did not improve blood lipids.
The efficacy of traditional chinese medicine combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for malignant ascites: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Zhixian , Chen Jiangfeng , Liu Yunxia 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Malignant ascites (MA) is a common complication of terminal cancer, which seriously affects the life quality and prognosis of patients. Both hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations have achieved significant efficacy in the treatment of MA. The treatment strategy of TCM combined with HIPEC has been gradually promoted and applied in China. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy of TCM combined with HIPEC in the treatment of MA.Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM combined with HIPEC for MA were searched from seven electronic databases. Two researchers used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool to assess the risk of bias. Excel 2019 was used to establish a database for information extraction, RevMan 5.4 software was used to analyze the included test data, and STATA v16.0 was used to conduct Egger’s test to further detect publication bias.Results: A total of 19 studies involving 1,504 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that compared with the single use of HIPEC, TCM combined with HIPEC could significantly improve the clinical efficacy (RR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.40, 1.63], p &lt; 0.00001) and karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (MD = 8.16, 95% CI [6.46, 9.85], p &lt; 0.00001), reduce the ascites volume (MD = −156.98, 95% CI [−213.71, −100.25], p &lt; 0.00001). However, there was no statistical significance in reducing abdominal circumference between TCM combined with HIPEC and HIPEC alone (MD = −1.8, 95% CI [−4.57, −0.97], p = 0.2).Conclusion: This study found that TCM combined with HIPEC had a beneficial therapeutic effect on MA. However, more standard, double-blind, multicenter RCTs are needed to further confirm the efficacy of TCM combined with HIPEC in the treatment of MA.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, identifier CRD42022319993.
700 W single-frequency all-fiber amplifier at 1064 nm with kHz-level spectral linewidth
Authors: Shi Chaodu , Deng Xun , Fu Shijie , Sheng Quan , Jiang Peiheng , Shi Zheng , Li Yanyan , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan 
Published: August 2022

In this work, a single-frequency fiber amplifier with output power of 703 W was demonstrated at 1,064.4 nm in an all-fiber configuration. Cascaded Yb3+-doped fiber structure with different dopant concentration and hybrid 915/976 nm pump scheme were employed in power scaling stage to improve the gain saturation for higher transverse mode instability threshold. An overall optical efficiency of 67.5% was achieved at the maximum output power and the M2 was measured to be ∼1.4. A spectral linewidth of 2 kHz was obtained from the 703-W single-frequency laser. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a single-frequency all-fiber amplifier with kHz-level spectral linewidth is achieved at such high output power.
Musical instrumental reading affects middle cerebral blood flow and cognitive function
Authors: Kawasaki Ai , Hayashi Naoyuki 
Published: August 2022

Playing a musical instrument includes reading music scores, playing, and listening in parallel. It is unclear which of these activities are responsible for an increase in cerebral blood flow. We investigated the factors increasing middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) during musical performance, and examined whether playing and reading music affects cognitive function. Seventeen musicians played an instrument with reading music, played music from memory, and read music scores in a randomized order, for 10 min each. The MCAv was continuously recorded from 5 min before to 10 min after the performance. A Stroop test was performed before and after performance. The MCAv increased significantly with reading music, playing from memory, and reading music. Stroop test scores increased significantly after music reading. These findings suggest that both music reading and playing an instrument are involved in the increase in MCAv during music performance. Cognitive function was transiently improved by playing musical instruments.
Frontline Health Care Workers' (HCWs) perception of barriers to managing COVID-19 in Fiji
Authors: Deo Anjana , Mohammadnezhad Masoud 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundHealth Care Workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection with their efforts while protecting the greater community and also exposed to hazards, such as psychological distress, fatigue, and stigma. This study aimed to explore the perception of frontline HCWs on barriers of managing COVID-19 in Fiji.MethodsA qualitative study method was approached to conduct this study among the HCWs who worked on the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic based at ten purposively selected health facilities in the Suva subdivision in the Central Division of Fiji. The Colonial War Memorial Hospital (CWMH), the Fiji Centre for Communicable Diseases (Fiji CDC), Twomey hospital laboratory, and CWMH laboratory did the main control and most of the operations of other divisions were monitored from these settings. A semi-structured open-ended questionnaire was used to collect data using in-depth interviews. The participants' responses were audio-recorded and were later transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsA total of twenty-nine HCWs took part in the in-depth interview and the responses were grouped into four themes, which include: workload, poor communication, lack of resources, and hindrance to education. It was also found through this study that some of the HCWs felt tired, frustrated, got rude to patients, and found it difficult to handle situations, which affected them mentally and physically stressed.ConclusionManaging the COVID-19 cases has been attributed to the presence of many barriers, such as workload, tiredness, frustration, and sometimes difficult-to-handle situations, and the HCWs were indeed affected mentally and physically. Regular training for HCWs and more awareness programs would help the general public to follow the preventive measures, which reduces the cases and would help the HCWs manage COVID-19 well.
Metronidazole enhances killing of Porphyromonas gingivalis by human PMNs
Authors: Serbanescu Mihaela Anca , Oveisi Morvarid , Sun Chunxiang , Fine Noah , Bosy Anne , Glogauer Michael 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectivesPeriodontitis affects the supporting structures of the teeth as a result of the interactions between the subgingival biofilm and the host immune system. Periodontal therapy in severe forms of periodontitis often utilizes antimicrobial agents with some potential to improve host defense responses. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effect of metronidazole (MTZ) at concentrations achievable in the periodontal pocket on PMN activation and PMN mediated killing of Porphyromonas gingivalis.Materials and methodsFlow cytometry based assays were used to measure the impact of MTZ on PMN degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release and phagocytosis in response to the keystone oral pathogen P. gingivalis. Functional assays for PMN mediated killing of P. gingivalis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in PMN were also carried out.ResultsWe demonstrate that PMNs pretreated with MTZ (2 μg/ml or 50 μg/ml) displayed enhanced killing of P. gingivalis compared to untreated PMNs. At concentrations achieved physiologically in the periodontal pocket, MTZ induced PMN surface expression of two activation markers (CD66 and CD63). MTZ did not alter P. gingivalis-induced NETosis, but suppressed P. gingivalis-induced ROS production and phagocytosis.ConclusionMTZ displays a positive interaction with PMNs to potentiate PMN mediated killing of P. gingivalis and may therefore contribute to its beneficial effects in the treatment of periodontitis initiated by P. gingivalis infections including those refractory to conventional treatment.
Additive Manufacturing for Sensors: Piezoresistive Strain Gauge with Temperature Compensation
Authors: Lanzolla Anna Maria Lucia , Attivissimo Filippo , Percoco Gianluca , Ragolia Mattia Alessandro , Stano Gianni , Di Nisio Attilio 
Published: August 2022

Additive manufacturing technologies allow the fabrication of smart objects, which are made up of a dielectric part and an embedded sensor able to give real-time feedback to the final user. This research presents the characterization of a low-cost 3D-printed strain sensor, fabricated using material extrusion (MeX) technology by using a conductive material composed of a polylactic acid (PLA)-based matrix doped with carbon black and carbon nanotubes (CNT), thus making the plastic conductive. A suitable measurement set-up was developed to perform automatic characterization tests using a high repeatability industrial robot to define either displacement or force profiles. The correlation between the applied stimulus and the variation of the electrical resistance of the 3D-printed sensor was evaluated, and an approach was developed to compensate for the effect of temperature. Results show that temperature and hysteresis affect repeatability; nevertheless, the sensor accurately detects impulse forces ranging from 10 g to 50 g. The sensor showed high linearity and exhibited a sensitivity of 0.077 Ω g−1 and 12.54 Ω mm−1 in the force and displacement range of 114 g and 0.7 mm, respectively, making them promising due to their low cost, ease of fabrication, and possible integration into more complex devices in a single-step fabrication cycle.
Reset Noise Sampling Feedforward Technique (RNSF) for Low Noise MEMS Capacitive Accelerometer
Authors: Lai Xinquan , Wang Yuheng , Li Qinqin , Habib Kashif 
Published: August 2022

The reset noise sampling feedforward (RNSF) technique is proposed in this paper to reduce the noise floor of the readout circuit for micro-electromechanically systems (MEMS) capacitive accelerometer. Because of the technology-imposed size restriction on the sensing element, the sensing capacitance and the capacitance variation are reduced to the femto-farad level. As a result, the reset noise from the parasitic capacitance, which is pico-farad level, becomes significant. In this work, the RNSF technique focuses on the suppression of the parasitic-capacitance-induced noise, thereby improving the noise performance of MEMS capacitive accelerometer. The simulation results show that the RNSF technique effectively suppresses the thermal noise from the parasitic capacitance. Compared with the traditional readout circuit, the noise floor of the readout circuit with the RNSF technique is reduced by 9 dBV. The presented circuit based on the RNSF technique is fabricated by a commercial 0.18-μm BCD process and tested with a femto-farad MEMS capacitive accelerometer. The physical measurement results show that, compared with the readout circuit without the RNSF technique, the RNSF technique reduces the noise floor of the readout circuit for MEMS capacitive accelerometer from −72 dBV to −80 dBV. Compared with other similar works, the proposed readout circuit achieves better FoM (FoM=(power×noise floor)/system bandwidth=490 μW·μg/Hz) among the switched-capacitor readout circuits.
Sedación paliativa en enfermedad terminal
Authors: Quintero Carreño Valeria , Martínez Vásquez Catalina , Agámez Insignares Claudia 
Published: August 2022

Algunos pacientes con enfermedad terminal que están cerca del final de la vida pueden experimentar un sufrimiento intolerable dado por síntomas refractarios a las terapias paliativas específicas. La Sedación Paliativa (SP) se considera una modalidad de tratamiento eficaz para el manejo de estos síntomas refractarios cuando los esfuerzos agresivos no proporcionan alivio. La SP consiste en el uso de medicamentos que inducen sedación y disminución del nivel de conciencia con el objetivo de aliviar el sufrimiento intolerable en los últimos días de la vida. Los síntomas físicos refractarios más frecuentes son el dolor, delirium y disnea, sin embargo, la SP también se indica para tratar el sufrimiento existencial o la angustia psicológica, que es un problema extremadamente difícil y delicado. La SP ha sido ampliamente debatida por las obvias implicaciones éticas, socioculturales y de toma de decisiones. Se ha reportado que la SP se proporciona entre el 2% y el 52% de los pacientes con enfermedades terminales. Los estudios han sugerido que la SP es exitosa en el manejo de los síntomas intratables al final de la vida, no genera efectos perjudiciales sobre la supervivencia y es satisfactoria para los familiares.
El origen del rubor
Authors: Ginnobili Santiago 
Published: August 2022

Algunos aspectos de La expresión de las emociones de Charles Darwin pueden resultar intrigantes, pues, en la explicación de cómo tales expresiones se originan, Darwin casi nunca apela a la selección natural. En cambio, apela principalmente a la idea de que movimientos voluntarios se asocian a emociones, volviéndose por hábito innatos e involuntarios al heredarse a la descendencia. Si bien Darwin da varias razones para defender esta explicación, en este trabajo trataré de mostrar que, si se entiende el libro sobre las expresiones en relación con los objetivos explícitos e implícitos de El origen del hombre (libro del cual originalmente iba a ser un capítulo), el asunto se entiende mejor. En particular, resulta interesante la tesis que Desmond y Moore plantean respecto a la importancia de los ideales antiesclavistas de Darwin a la hora del tratamiento de las razas. Defenderé en este trabajo que el enfoque de Desmond y Moore puede extenderse al libro acerca de las expresiones. Específicamente, estableceré vínculos entre la explicación del origen de las razas y la explicación del origen del rubor.
Palabras clave: Charles Darwin, La expresión de las emociones, El origen del hombre, Rubor, Antiesclavismo.
Desafíos territoriales y culturales. Oportunidades siglo XXI para Chile. Una Mirada Post - Crítica a un Desafío Vigente.
Authors: Contreras Godoy Juan 
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo pone en tensión reflexiva, por una parte, lo dicho por Charles Percy Snow en 1959 y, por otra, la respuesta correctiva cuarenta y cinco años después de parte de Peter Sloterdijk. El primero avanzó que la preocupación más radical de lo moderno tardío consistía en el divorcio entre la cultura científica y la humanística. El segundo, en cambio, avanzó que tal dilema ha existido por siglos y que en el siglo XX tomó características de catástrofe. Asumiendo la diferencia entre estos dos pensadores, la hipótesis aquí es la siguiente: en dicha tensión no sólo parece revelarse el desafío global mayor del siglo XXI, sino que una extraordinaria posibilidad y oportunidad para países como el nuestro que, desde precarias condiciones de desarrollo científico tecnológico cuentan - desde una perplejidad e incertidumbre globalmente compartidas -, con privilegios geográficos y poblacionales que pueden ofrecer un inmejorable contexto para responder a dicha tensión desafiante.
Evolución de la formación y capacitación técnica ferroviaria en el contexto de la Pandemia COVID-19. Experiencias y perspectivas en Argentina 2020–2023.
Authors: Papaleo Pablo , Zitello Matías 
Published: August 2022

El trabajo presenta la evolución de la formación y capacitación técnica en una empresa ferroviaria argentina, tomando el periodo y perspectivas para el 2020-2023, en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19. Se conformará por los orígenes del área de capacitación técnica ferroviaria, describiendo los antecedentes más relevantes que dieron base al surgimiento de esta; luego una breve descripción del dictado de las capacitaciones, comentando el uso acotado de las tecnologías hasta ese momento.
Continuaremos cuando la virtualidad se hizo cotidianeidad, presentando el proceso de reconversión del área y las líneas, la profundización del uso y conocimiento de los recursos tecnológicos disponibles, como el proceso de aprendizaje autodidacta de los integrantes del área en recursos digitales. A continuación, un breve análisis de los resultados en las encuestas de satisfacción realizadas en dichas actividades, focalizándonos en la valoración del taller y del expositor de la actividad. Esto permitirá analizar lo relevante de reconocer una nueva información externa, asimilarla y aplicarla (Cohen y Levinthal, 1989), el identificar aquel conocimiento útil y generar un nuevo conocimiento (Rivera, Robert y Yoguel, 2015) y su potencial articulación de sentar las bases para los primeros lineamientos de la innovación abierta (Chesbrough, 2003).
Posteriormente, abordaremos el proceso de aprendizaje de aprehender los recursos virtuales disponibles, contemplando y evaluando los aspectos positivos y negativos de estos, como un aprovechamiento eficiente en cuanto al uso. Finalizaremos el mismo con unas breves conclusiones, delineando someramente las próximas acciones a desarrollar en un corto y mediano plazo.
PROPUESTA.UNA REVISTA CULTURAL, JUVENIL (Y ALGO MÁS) EN LA DICTADURA ARGENTINA
Authors: Luciani Laura 
Published: August 2022

Este artículo analiza la revista Propuesta que, surgida en 1977 y con una tirada de veintidós números, es considerada una publicación contracultural o juvenil, al igual que otras emergentes en la última dictadura argentina (1976-1983). Se enfoca en su relación con el Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores, al cual se vinculó a partir de 1978, con el objetivo de comprender esa dinámica y reponerla en el universo de prácticas políticas militantes en contextos represivos. En ese sentido se privilegia una mirada relacional que permite indagar en la confluencia de objetivos de quienes formaron inicialmente la revista y los proyectos editoriales del partido.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA CASH CONVERSION CYCLE DAN GROWTH OPPORTUNITY DENGAN PROFITABILITAS
Authors: Agustin Naning Dewi , Suryani Ani Wilujeng 
Published: August 2022

Profitabilitas menjadi indikator dalam pengembangan perusahaan dengan perolehan pendapatan dalam mengelola operasi perusahaan. Perusahaan berupaya mempertahankan dan meningkatkan profitabilitas untuk mengukur kinerja perusahaan dengan meningkatkan efisiensi manajemen modal kerjanya. Penelitian ini menyelidiki pengaruh manajemen modal kerja melalui cash conversion cycle dan growth opportunity melalui sales growth terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 91 perusahaan sektor industri barang konsumsi di Indonesia dari tahun 2015 hingga 2020. Pengujian hipotesis dari 489 data dilakukan dengan analisis regresi data panel dengan model random effect. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CCC dan growth opportunity tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan sektor barang konsumsi perlu melakukan pertimbangan mengenai pengelolaan manajemen modal kerja yang menjadi bagian dalam operasional perusahaan secara efisien, sehingga perusahaan dapat memaksimalkan keuntungan perusahaan.