bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping and Exercises for Pronated Feet in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Authors: Parmar ST , Dhanuka HR , Shetty DR 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Taping is widely used intervention in various conditions treated by physiotherapist. Neurodevelopmental disorders in children leading to foot abnormality is one of the major concen. As taping is one of the intervention in same the study is focusing taping on pronated feet in the selected age group.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the kinesiotaping and exercise improve pronated feet in neurodevelopmental disordered (NDD) children.

Patients and Methods:
This was a cross over study, within subjects study evaluating two treatments, kinesio tape, and exercise. Thirty subjects with age group 6–12 years diagnosed with NDD having pronated feet. Subjects were allocated in the two groups. Group 1 included subjects for taping and Group 2 included subjects for exercise. Taping was applied for two consecutive weeks for 5 days per week and then 2 weeks of the window period, which was followed by two consecutive weeks of exercise sessions for 5 days per week. The navicular drop test and Foot Posture Index were measured pre and post treatment. Foot posture index used to examine the posture of foot and navicular drop test.

Results and Conclusion:
Group 1 (taping) and Group 2 (exercises) showed no significant results as a single entity, whereas there was a small effect seen of the intervention.
Comparison of I-gel and LMA Protector in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Arı DE , Abitağaoğlu S , Köksal C , YıldırımAr A , Emrem D , Üstün M 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Aims:
Comparison of the use of I-gel and Laringeal Mask Airway (LMA) Protector in laparoscopic cholecystectomy regarding the time and ease of insertion for supraglottic airway devices (SAD) and gastric tube (GT), airway sealing capacity, and postoperative complications.

Patients and Methods:
Sixty-four American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I–III patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly allocated into two groups. After anesthesia induction, LMA Protector was inserted in Group LPRO (LMA Protector) (n = 33) and I-gel was inserted in Group IGEL (I-gel) (n = 31) patients. Time of SAD insertion, number of attempts, time, and ease of GT insertion were recorded. The peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) were measured at the time of SAD insertion, 10 min after insertion, 10 min after pneumoperitoneum, and just before the termination of pneumoperitoneum. The presence of bloodstains on SAD, sore throat, hoarseness, nausea, and pain in swallowing was assessed postoperatively. A P value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.

Result:
Two patients in Group LPRO needed endotracheal intubation and were excluded from the study. The SAD insertion time was shorter in Group IGEL than in Group LPRO (13 ± 7.4 s vs. 18.8 ± 9.8 s). The number of attempts and success rate on the first attempt were similar in both groups. GT insertion time was shorter in Group IGEL than Group LPRO (11 ± 7.7 s vs. 21 ± 11 s). The insertion of GT was easier in Group IGEL. The OLP levels decreased during the pneumoperitoneum in Group LPRO while they remained constant in Group IGEL.

Conclusion:
We observed that I-gel offers more stable airway sealing and easier GT insertion advantages when compared with LMA Protector in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Development of Valid and Reliable Tools for Pediatricians' Knowledge and Self-Perceived Competency Towards Oral Health of Children in Turkey
Authors: Ozkaya G , Cubukcu CE , Ozdel ZGE 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire of knowledge about oral health in childhood and a scale of self-perceived competency for pediatricians. In this way, the contributions of Turkish pediatricians on oral health in childhood and their effects on children's oral health and caregivers will be evaluated.

Subjects and Methods:
Items were generated from published scientific literature, other questionnaires, and interviewing notes with the pedodontists. The study group examined publications on the preventive oral health of children, and they included items related to children in the item pool. The initial knowledge questionnaire consisted of 23 items and 10 items for the self-perceived competency scale. The content validity of the questionnaire and scale were determined by the assessments of the expert team. The internal consistency of the knowledge questionnaire and test-retest reliability of the self-perceived competency scale was examined.

Results:
Thirty pediatricians took part in the study. The pediatricians were: 63.3% (n = 19) female and 36.7% (n = 11) male; their mean age was 37.97 ± 3.86 years. Most of the pediatricians were specialists with 83.4% (n = 25). The medical specialization of all pediatricians was university and the working year mean was 10.93 ± 4.28. The knowledge questionnaire had 10 items after content validity and internal consistency reliability investigations. The initial number of items for the self-perception level scale was 10. We excluded five items due to the content validity index. ICC value for 5-item self-perception level scale was calculated as 0.816 (95% CI: 0.606–0.914). Therefore, the scale has a good reliability level.

Conclusion:
Our knowledge questionnaire and self-perceived competency scale provide a validated and reliable tool in the assessment of pediatricians’ knowledge and competency regarding oral health. Pediatricians can test themselves using this knowledge questionnaire and self-perceived competency scale.
Comparison of Inguinal Herniotomies with and Without Opening the External Oblique Aponeurosis in Children Above the Age of Two
Authors: Kart Y , Öztürk C 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Mitchell-Banks technique (MBT), in which inguinal canal is not opened, usually used in inguinal hernia repair in children under 2 years of age. The majority of pediatric surgeons tend to open the inguinal canal while performing inguinal hernia surgery in children over 2 years of age, called as modified Ferguson herniotomy (FH).

Aims:
This study aimed to compare early and late complications of the MBT and FH in over 2 years of age patients who underwent inguinal hernia surgery.

Patients and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all children between 2 and 16 years old who underwent inguinal herniotomy procedure using the MBT and FH between January 2013 and December 2019. Patients were evaluated in terms of demographic data, early and late complications.

Results:
This study included 834 children. Of these, 379 (44.8%) were operated on by an FH with opening the inguinal canal (Group 1), and 455 (55.2%) by MBT superficially to the external ring (Group 2). There were 68 (17.9%) females and 311 (82.1%) males in group 1, while there were 151 (33.2%) females and 304 (66.8%) males in group 2. Early complications were wound infection (1.1% in the group 1 vs. 1.3% in the group 2, P = 1.00) and scrotal hematoma (1.3% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.89). Late complications included recurrence (1.6% in the group 1 vs. 1.8% in the group 2, P = 0.12), undescended testis (2.1% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.71), testicular atrophy (1.5% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.79), and hydrocele (1.9% vs. 1.8%, P = 0.87). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of early and late complications ratio between two groups.

Conclusion:
This study showed that inguinal hernia repair performed without opening the inguinal canal in children older than 2 years do not lead to an increase in complications. In this respect, MBT can be used as a simple and safe procedure in older children.
The Effect of Different Surface Roughening Systems on the Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Aged Resin Composites
Authors: Karadağlioğlu Öİ , Alagöz L Güleç , Çalişkan A , Vaizoğlu G Aksoy 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
There are controversies regarding the most effective surface treatment method to be applied for the effective repair of resin composites.

Aims:
This study aimed to compare the effects of surface roughening processes on repair bond strength of different types of aged composites. Water aging was applied to 60 nanohybrid and 60 micro-hybrid resin composite samples for 1 year. Samples were randomly divided into five groups and four types of roughening processes. Bur, OPTIDISC, SUPERSNAP, and BISCO were applied to the water-aged resin composite samples. Micro-shear test method was used to measure the repair bond strength.

Materials and Methods:
Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS V23. Compliance with normal distribution was examined by Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD test for multiple comparisons were used.

Results:
The main effect of the type of resin composites and surface roughening methods were found to be significantly different. The MPa values of surface roughening groups were similar while the lowest mean value was obtained for the untreated group of the nanohybrid resin composite (P < 0.001). The bond strength for both resin composites was generally considered within acceptable limits except for no treatment group of nanohybrid resin composite.

Conclusions:
This study showed that surface roughening method is mandatory for effective bond strength and the type of fillers in resin composite affects the micro-shear bond strength.
Effect of short duration integrated classroom yoga module on physical, cognitive, emotional and personality measures of school children
Authors: Sinha Atul , Kumari Sony 
Published: January 2022

Context:
Despite evidence of therapeutic benefits of yoga on school children, many schools do not include yoga in their daily schedule. Reasons cited are lack of time and resources. An efficacious short duration integrated classroom yoga module (ICYM) can overcome such problems.

Aim:
This study aimed to test the effect of such a yoga module on physical fitness, cognitive performance, emotional wellbeing, and personality characteristic of school children.

Methods:
The design was a randomized controlled trial with participants sourced from grades 7–10. The intervention period was 2 months. The primary outcome measures were 4 tests from the EUROFIT physical fitness testing battery, Stroop color-word naming task, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, WHO-5 wellbeing index, and Sushruta Child Personality Inventory. Statistical analysis used a repeated measure analysis of variance. Secondary outcome measure was a qualitative assessment.

Results:
The yoga group showed significant differences compared to the control group in 2 of 4 physical fitness variables, Stroop color-word naming task, and in the WHO-5 wellbeing index.

Conclusion:
ICYM is a validated, feasible, and efficacious school-based short-duration integrated yoga module. It can be considered for incorporation into the daily school schedule.
A literature review on behavioral attributes of yoga postures and cognition
Authors: Gupta Ankit , Gupta Ram Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Background:

Hatha Yoga is the science of training one's mind and body through the practice of shatkarma, asana, pranayama, mudra, and samadhi. The objective of this literature review is to provide a theoretical rationale to identify (a) the specific attribute of the yoga poses which have been used in yoga protocol of various studies but not explicitly explored and (b) the minimum time required to hold a posture to bring the corresponding change in the performance among aforesaid cognitive function(s).

Materials and Methods:
Keywords such as yoga and cognition, yoga and working memory, yoga posture and cognition, and yoga and attention have been used to retrieve 24 empirical studies from Google Scholar. Those studies which have included only the yoga poses (asanas) as part of the yoga intervention in improving the cognitive functions were included in the review.

Results:
Traditions of Yoga such as Hatha and Iyengar Yoga emphasizes on postural alignment and accuracy, these asanas improve a variety of psychological, physiological, and cognitive functions. One study showed an improvement in cognitive functions and in another study, yoga practitioners showed improved reaction time.

Conclusion:
Due to inadequate empirical studies on yoga posture and cognition, it is not recommended to definitively conclude about the role of said attributes in improving cognitive performance. Future studies should involve longitudinal and randomized designs, large sample size, and homogeneous sample in terms of age-, gender-, and disease-specific population. The details of the studies are described in the manuscript.
A Predictive Model for Network Intrusion Detection System Using Deep Neural Network
Authors: Abubakar Aminuddeen , Garko Ahmed Baita 
Published: January 2022

Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is an important part of Cyber safety and security. It plays a key role in all networked ICT systems in detecting rampant attacks such as Denial of Service (DoS) and ransom ware attacks. Existing methods are inadequate in terms of accuracy detection of attacks. However, the requirement for high accuracy detection of attacks using Deep Neural Network requires expensive computing resources which in turn make most organisations, and individuals shy away from it. This study therefore aims at designing a predictive model for network intrusion detection using deep neural networks with very limited computing resources. The study adopted Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) as one of the formal methodologies and python was used for both testing and training, using crucial parameters such as the learning rate, number of epochs, neurons and hidden layers which greatly determined the accuracy level of the DNN algorithm. These parameters were experimented with values that are lesser compared to previous studies, training and evaluation were also done on the KDD99 data-set. The varying values of accuracy obtained from this study on four models with different numbers of layers of 50-epochs and learning rate of 0.01 achieved competitive results in comparison with the previous research of 100-1000 epochs and learning rate of 0.1. Therefore, the model with two layers attained same accuracy of 0.955 as the model with three layers from the previous study out of the four models tested in this study.
Also, the models with three and four layers in this study attained an accuracy of 0.956, which is 0.001greater than the previous study's models.
Keywords: Network-Based IDS, Host-Based IDS, Deep Neural Network, Denial of Service, Knowledge Discovery Dataset
Sonographic Correlation of Liver Dimensions with Anthropometric Variables in Apparently Healthy Pediatrics in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Sidi Mohammed , Idris Ahmad Safiyanu , Hassan Aliyu Abdullahi 
Published: January 2022

Accurate measurement of liver size allows for the diagnosis of various liver pathologies. Establishing normal liver size and how it is influenced by anthropometric variables is critical in diagnosis and determining the treatment method for the underlying liver pathology. This study was aimed at establishing the relationship between liver dimensions and anthropometric variables. The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in some selected hospitals in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Four hundred and twenty-six apparently normal pediatric subjects were studied within the age range of 0 – <18years. The liver was examined with the patient in supine position, both the cranio-caudal and antero-posterior liver dimension were obtained through the mid clavicular line in longitudinal and transvers planes respectively. Both descriptive inferential statistics were employed for the data analysis. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used and p>0.05 was set as significance level. There was a statistical significant strong positive correlation between cranio-caudal dimension and age, height, weight, BMI and BSA in <1 month >12month age group (r=0.74, p=0.000; r=0.86, p=0.000; r=0.64, p=0.000; r=0.74, 0.p=000 and r=0.53, p=0.000 respectively for males and r=0.60, p=0.000; r=0.61, p=0.000; r=0.59; p=0.000; r=0.81, p=0.000 and r=0.66, p=0.001 respectively for females). Also, in the same age group both male and female subjects show significant strong positive correlation between anterior-posterior dimension and BMI & BSA: (r=0.67, p=0.000, r=0.67, p=0.000 respectively for males and r=0.69, p=0.000, r=0.77, p=0.000 respectively for females). This study reported that anthropometric variable such as age, height, BMI and BSA is positively correlated with both cranio-caudal and antero-posterior liver dimension.
Keywords: Ultrasound, Liver, Cranio-Caudal, Antero-Posterior, Dimension
Investigation of Amino and Fatty Acid Characterisation of Thevetia peruviana (Milk Bush) Seed
Authors: Akintelu M. T. , Amoo I. A. , Kade I. J , Omoba O. S 
Published: January 2022

This study examined the amino acid profile and fatty acid analysis of Milk bush (thevetia peruviana) seed. The seeds were ground into very fine powder using three processing techniques. The parameters of interest were carried out using standard methods. The results of both essential and non-essential amino acids showed that the total essential amino acid content in oven-dried seed sample (OD.S), airdried seed sample (AD.S) and sun-dried seed sample (SD.S) were within the WHO Standard. It was observed that eighteen out of the twenty amino acids content of food were present in the seed with glutamic acid having the highest value, followed by aspartate and arginine. Also the eight essential amino acid needed in the daily diet were all present in the sample (arginine, valine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylanine, threonine, tryptophan and leucine). There were reductions in the level of some amino acids as a result of the processing treatments. The fatty acid analysis also revealed that the sample contained both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The unsaturated fatty acids for oven-dried, sun-dried and air-dried are 60.89, 2.21 and 20.47 respectively while the saturated fatty acids for oven-dried , sun-dried and air dried 26.15, 3.29 and 35.61 respectively. The result suggested that thevetia peruviana contains high quality protein and the oil is a good source of unsaturation which increases the shelf life and edibility of the oil.
Keywords: Amino acid; Fatty acid; Characterization; Processing techniques; Milk-bush seed
Comparative Analysis of Support Vector Machine and EGARCH Modelling of Zenith Bank Plc. Stock Price on Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Alhaji Ismaila Sulaiman , Nweze N. O , Abubakar Muhammad Auwal 
Published: January 2022

In this 21st century, stock exchange has become a crucial and determining factor for the global economy, any variability in this market affects personal, corporate financial activities and the economic growth a country. A lot of analysis using different models were explored by several authors. However, this study set out to investigates the statistical behaviour of Zenith Bank PLC stock price using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and EGARCH Model on economic growth in Nigeria by adopting quantitative techniques using the causal-comparative research method. The findings from this research shows a coefficient of the Zenith bank Low stock price at (0.546945) and high stock price at (0.453562) which indicates that low stock price is insignificant because is less than α = 0.05, while high stock price of greater than α = 0.05 is significant to predict the Zenith bank stock price. Findings from the study has further revealed that SVM mode approach is more appropriate than EGARCH model and recommends that stockholders, financial analyst and researchers who are investing in stock market should adapt the SVM model approach to determine the volatility rate or level of stochastic in the financial time series data.
Keywords: Stock Price, Support Vector Machine (SVM), EGARCH Model, Stock Exchange, Economic Growth
Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dietary supplements in Jordan
Authors: Basheer Haneen A. , Elsalem Lina , Jaber Deema , Ibraheem Shorouk M. , Alhamad Hamza , Jum’ah Ahmad A. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To investigative the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs pertaining to dietary supplements (DS) use in Jordan.
Methods: Participants were enrolled from four main cities in Jordan, viz, Amman, Zarqa, Irbid, and Mafraq, to fill a self-administered questionnaire which explored the objectives of the study.
Results: Most participants (80 %) knew what DS are. The prevalence of DS use was high (62.1 %) and significantly higher among females (p = 0.004). The most commonly consumed DS among users were in the form of multivitamins (93.0 %), vitamin D (65.8 %) and vitamin C (57.6 %). About half of the participants (46.2 %) believed that DS have no side effects. The most frequent source of information for participants about DS was from non-reliable references, such as social media. Self-prescription was the most common approach by DS users for supplement intake. Finally, the common hypothesis of associating healthy habits with DS use was not found to be true among Jordanians.
Conclusion: These results highlight the need to implement appropriate awareness programs for the public regarding DS benefits and hazards, and especially to advise the public not to initiate DS use without first consulting an appropriate healthcare professional.
Physico-chemical Properties of Mechanically Extracted Banana Juice at Different Ripening Stages
Authors: Mathias Mathayo G , Kaale Lilian D , Kibazohi Oscar 
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the findings of a study on physico-chemical properties of low viscosity banana juice from five banana cultivars: Pisang Awak (PSA) an ABB genome, Yangambi km5 (YKM5) an AAA genome and cultivars from AAA-EA genome, namely Mbilabile, Ndeshi and Mlonga. Low viscosity banana juice was extracted using improved mechanical method at five ripening stages. The physico-chemical properties significantly varied according to cultivars and ripening stages (p < 0.05). Yields, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and pH were in the range of 19.50–74.03%, 7.33–27.64 ºBrix, 0.37–0.76% malic acid equivalent and 4.09–4.70, respectively. Yields decreased in the order of Mbilabile > Ndeshi > Mlonga > YKM5 > PSA whereas the total soluble solids increased as follows Mlonga < Mbilabile < Ndeshi < YKM5 < PSA. Furthermore, ashes and mineral contents decreased with ripening stages whereas the low viscosity banana juice was rich in potassium and magnesium. Finally, the study recommends stage 5 of the ripeness as ideal for producing low viscosity banana juice.
Keywords: Mechanical extraction, Banana cultivar, Ripening stage, Tannin, Banana juice