bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of functionalZnOnanoparticles and their application asUVphotosensitizer and reinforcing agent for waterborne polyurethane acrylate composite coating
Authors: Shen Yun , Liu Jin , Li Zhen , Luo Jialu , Wang Shiwu , Tang Jinyang , Wang Ping , Wang Di , Wang Xianbiao , Hu Xianhai , Zhang Fengjun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFunctional inorganic ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been designed and prepared, used as UV photosensitizers and reinforcing agents applied to waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA) composite coating. The ZnO NPs are modified by the silane coupling agent, and the WPUA@ZnO NP composite coatings photoinitiated with different ZnO NP contents are prepared, their structure and properties are characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, TG, and pencil hardness tester. The UV absorption of the inorganic photosensitizer ZnO NPs and the organic photosensitizer 1‐hydroxycyclohexyl phenone (184) in the composite coating is tested and analyzed separately by DRS UV‐3600 spectrophotometer. Three fabric‐based materials (cotton, PET, and PP) are dipped into the WPUA@184 composite emulsions and WPUA@ZnO NP composite emulsions, and their mechanical properties, water absorption and water contact angle (WCA) are tested. The results show that the absorbance of the WPUA@ZnO NP composite coating is 40.28% higher than that of the WPUA@184 composite coating. Compared with the PP‐WPUA@184 coatings, the stress of the PP‐WPUA@ZnO NP coatings increases by 41.19% and the strain increases by 34.39%. The water absorption of the cotton and PET coatings decreases under the three conditions. Their hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity are changed, and the fabric‐based coatings can be tuned for interfacial properties.
Application of HoloLens‐based augmented reality and three‐dimensional printed anatomical tooth reference models in dental education
Authors: Grad Piotr , Przeklasa‐Bierowiec Anna M. , Malinowski Krzysztof P. , Witowski Jan , Proniewska Klaudia , Tatoń Grzegorz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTooth anatomy is fundamental knowledge used in everyday dental practice to reconstruct the occlusal surface during cavity fillings. The main objective of this project was to evaluate the suitability of two types of anatomical tooth reference models used to support reconstruction of the occlusal anatomy of the teeth: (1) a three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed model and (2) a model displayed in augmented reality (AR) using Microsoft HoloLens. The secondary objective was to evaluate three aspects impacting the outcome: clinical experience, comfort of work, and other variables. The tertiary objective was to evaluate the usefulness of AR in dental education. Anatomical models of crowns of three different molars were made using cone beam computed tomography image segmentation, printed with a stereolithographic 3D‐printer, and then displayed in the HoloLens. Each participant reconstructed the occlusal anatomy of three teeth. One without any reference materials and two with an anatomical reference model, either 3D‐printed or holographic. The reconstruction work was followed by the completion of an evaluation questionnaire. The maximum Hausdorff distances (Hmax) between the superimposed images of the specimens after the procedures and the anatomical models were then calculated. The results showed that the most accurate but slowest reconstruction was achieved with the use of 3D‐printed reference models and that the results were not affected by other aspects considered. For this method, the Hmax was observed to be 630 μm (p = 0.004). It was concluded that while AR models can be helpful in dental anatomy education, they are not suitable replacements for physical models.
Metal cofactor regulation combined with rational genetic engineering of Schizochytrium sp. for high‐yield production of squalene
Authors: Xu Ying‐shuang , Ma Wang , Li Jin , Huang Peng‐wei , Sun Xiao‐Man , Huang He 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe increasing market demand for squalene requires novel biotechnological production platforms. Schizochytrium sp. is an industrial oleaginous host with a high potential for squalene production due to its abundant native acetyl‐CoA pool. We first found that iron starvation led to the accumulation of 1.5 g/L of squalene by Schizochytrium sp., which was 40‐fold higher than in the control. Subsequent transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses showed that the high squalene titer is due to the diversion of precursors from lipid biosynthesis and increased triglycerides (TAG) content for squalene storage. Furthermore, we constructed the engineered acetyl‐CoA C‐acetyltransferase (ACAT)‐overexpressing strain 18S::ACAT, which produced 2.79 g/L of squalene, representing an 86% increase over the original strain. Finally, a nitrogen‐rich feeding strategy was developed to further increase the squalene titer of the engineered strain, which reached 10.78 g/L in fed‐batch fermentation, a remarkable 161‐fold increase over the control. To our best knowledge, this is the highest squalene yield in thraustochytrids reported to date.
Countercurrent chromatography as a frontier tool to discover new mechanical roles in liquid–liquid phase separation of cellular biomolecules
Authors: Shinomiya Kazufusa , Iijima Hiroshi , Ito Yoichiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of countercurrent chromatography (CCC) technology enabled us to achieve higher peak resolutions and more shortened separation times even for protein separation using aqueous two‐phase solvent systems composed of polyethylene glycol and inorganic salts (or dextrans). By eliminating the solid support matrix, all analytes can be recovered from the coiled column after the separation is completed. Recently, it has been found that droplets of biomolecules formed by liquid–liquid phase separation in cells closely relate to the transcription, regulation of signal transduction, and formation of amyloids. Meanwhile, although CCC is a separation technique based on liquid–liquid partitioning of analytes between two immiscible phases, the mechanism of separation could suggest some idea concerning the formation of biomolecule droplets in cells. This article describes the recent advances in the CCC apparatus, the coiled separation column, the choice of a suitable two‐phase solvent system, and the application to separation and purification of bioactive macromolecules such as proteins and enzymes, and also discusses the possibility of CCC as a tool to reveal new mechanical roles of biomolecule droplets in the cellular environments.
Analysis of emotions in the use of augmented reality technologies in education: A systematic review
Authors: Gómez‐Rios Mónica D. , Paredes‐Velasco Maximiliano , Hernández‐Beleño Ruben D. , Fuentes‐Pinargote José A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, the availability and usefulness of computer applications developed supporting the teaching–learning process have increased and are progressively being used in different branches of education. Given the importance of emotions in learning, it is appropriate to review the influence of the use of technology in this field. Out of the many existing technologies, augmented reality (AR) has been of great interest to this study due to its great potential in learning. Therefore, the present study carries out a systematic mapping, whose objective is to review how AR technology influences the emotional state of the student in the learning process. The study indicates that the application of AR technology has both advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, the use of AR on students produces enjoyment and interest due to visual feedback provided by AR, enthusiasm about the use of innovative technology tools, and curiosity when they view and interact with virtual objects in 3D. The attractive visualizations used and feedback generated by AR applications can reduce the cognitive load and increase student motivation in the learning process. On the other hand, AR may present some negative aspects, such as ergonomic problems, which produce that users prone to dizziness or nausea may reject the use of AR devices and a complex interaction when users must use multiple devices. Besides this, it should not be forgotten that their application may entail technological requirements and associated costs that may be difficult for some schools to afford.
Total Synthesis and Bioactivity Evaluation of Hydrophobic Microcionamide‐Inspired Peptides
Authors: Inocentes Carl Rogel V. , Salvador‐Reyes Lilibeth A. , Villaraza Aaron Joseph L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this report, we describe the facile synthesis of four microcionamide‐inspired peptides where the atypical 2‐phenylethylenamine (2‐PEA) functional group in the marine natural product, microcionamide A, was replaced with a similarly‐aromatic but more easily incorporated tryptophan (Trp) residue. Compounds 1–4 were synthesized using a standard Fmoc‐based solid‐phase synthesis strategy followed by iodine‐mediated on‐resin cyclization for disulfide‐bridged compounds 1–3. Compound 1 showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 9.1 μM and 15 μM, respectively. The inactivity of alanine analogs 2–4 against these pathogens suggests that the N‐terminal Val, the cyclic scaffold, the contiguous Ile residues, and consequently, the hydrophobicity of compound 1 are essential for antibacterial activity. Compound 1 also favorably exhibited minimal cytotoxicity against normal mammalian cell lines. In summary, we have synthesized an analog of microcionamide A where replacement of the 2‐PEA moiety with a Trp residue retained the antibacterial activity and with favorably low cytotoxicity.
Comparison of Differences in Chemical Composition and Related Antioxidant Activity of Snow Lotus from Different Origins
Authors: Zhang Huirong , Li Xuan , Meng Xianyao , Ling Xiao , Li Shuowen , Song Guanjie , Li Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe snow lotus is an endangered traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Saussurea involucrata, Saussurea laniceps, and Saussurea medusa, the three main snow lotus species (five herbs and two S. involucrata cell cultures), were selected for this study. Snow lotus (XLs) was extracted using 75 % (v/v) ethanol. Two reversed phase‐high performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detector methods were developed and validated for the determination of 10 representative components in XLs. The antioxidant efficacy of XLs and their components was investigated using DPPH, ABTS free radical scavenging, and ROS inhibition experiments. The results showed that the IC50 for DPPH scavenging ranged from 0.06–0.29 mg/mL for XLs and from 0.13–0.63 mg/mL for ABTS, and could downregulate ROS to varying degrees. The results of the antioxidant activity showed that rutin, quercetin, and isochlorogenic acid A contributed to the antioxidant capacity of XLs. The high content and activity of the cell cultures indicate that they can serve as an effective alternative to snow lotus, thus providing a theoretical basis for the selection of herbs and cell cultures to fulfil various needs.
Effects of Cinobufagin on the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of H1299 Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Sun Mingna , Huang Dongyu , Liu Yun , Chen Haifang , Yu Hua , Zhang Guobin , Chen Qilei , Chen Hubiao , Zhang Jianye 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCinobufagin (CB), with its steroidal nucleus structure, is one of the major, biologically active components of Chan Su. Recent studies have shown that CB exerts inhibitory effects against numerous cancer cells. However, the effects of CB regarding the metastasis of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the involved mechanisms need to be further studied. The purpose of the present study aimed to report the inhibitory function of CB against proliferation and metastasis of H1299 cells. CB inhibited proliferation of H1299 lung cancer cells with an IC50 value of 0.035±0.008 μM according to the results of MTT assays. Antiproliferative activity was also observed in colony forming cell assays. In addition, 5‐ethynyl‐2’‐deoxyuridine (EdU) retention assays revealed that CB significantly inhibited the rate of DNA synthesis in H1299 cells. Moreover, results of the scratch wound healing assays and transwell migration assays displayed that CB exhibited significant inhibition against migration and invasion of H1299 cells. Furthermore, CB could concentration‐dependently reduce the expression of integrin α2, β‐catenin, FAK, Src, c‐Myc, and STAT3 in H1299 cells. These western blotting results indicated that CB might target integrin α2, β‐catenin, FAK and Src to suppress invasion and migration of NSCLC, which was consistent with the network pharmacology analysis results. Collectively, findings of the current study suggest that CB possesses promising activity against NSCLC growth and metastasis.
Long‐term outcomes following intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) for calcified coronary lesions: A Real‐World Multicenter European Study
Authors: Basavarajaiah Sandeep , Ielasi Alfonso , Raja Waseem , Naneishvili Tamara , Testa Luca , Popolo Rubbio Antonio , Mastrangelo Angelo , Bartorelli Antonio L. , Bhatia Gurbir , Choudhury Anirban , Sundara‐Raman Ajay , Buono Andrea , Sharma Vinoda , Cortese Bernardo , Marchesi Alessia , Pitt Michael , Raju Prashanth , Wassef Nancy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the long‐term clinical outcomes following intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) in calcified coronary lesions from a real‐world population.BackgroundIVL is a relatively new but promising modality for treating coronary calcified lesions, but there is a dearth of long‐term outcome data from real‐world patients.MethodsThis was a multicenter, observational study in which we enrolled all patients treated with IVL from November 2018 to February 2021 from eight centers in Europe and the United Kingdom. Procedural success, complications, and clinical outcomes (cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction [TVMI], target lesion revascularization [TLR], and MACE [major adverse cardiac events, the composite of cardiac death, TVMI, and TLR]) were assessed.ResultsIn total, 273 patients with a mean age of 72 ± 9.1 years were treated with IVL. Major comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (n = 110, 40%) and chronic kidney disease (n = 45, 16%). Acute coronary syndrome accounted for 48% (n = 132) of patients, while 52% (n = 141) had stable angina. De novo lesions and in‐stent restenosis accounted for 79% and 21% of cases, respectively. Intravascular imaging was used in 33% (n = 90) of patients. An upfront IVL strategy was adopted in 34% (n = 92), while the rest were bailout procedures. Adjuvant rotational atherectomy (“RotaTripsy”) was required in 11% (n = 31) of cases. The procedural success was 99%. During a median follow‐up of 687 days (interquartile range: 549–787), cardiac death occurred in 5% (n = 14), TVMI in 3% (n = 8), TLR in 6% (n = 16), and MACE rate was 11% (n = 30).ConclusionThis is the largest multicenter registry with a long‐term follow‐up showing the remarkably high procedural success of IVL use in calcified coronary lesions with low rates of hard endpoints and MACE.
Incidental detection of localized prostate cancer with low PSA by computed tomography scan: A report of two cases
Authors: Bilim Vladimir , Watanabe Azuma , Horigome Ryoko , Ito Susumu , Hoshi Senji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSerum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels play an important role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The recommended PSA cut‐off in PCa screening is 4 ng/ml. We report two cases of localized PCa with low PSA levels that were incidentally found by computed tomography (CT) performed for another disease.
Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Acetol and Acrolein Using Metal Oxides: Surface Reactions, Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Fernandes Barbosa Felipe , Pinheiro Braga Tiago 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlycerol dehydration to acetol and acrolein is an interesting reaction pathway for conversion of biomass‐derived products. However, they undergo extensive deactivation due to coke deposition and sintering, requiring the design of stable catalysts. The oxides stand out due to their natural abundance, simple synthesis, low cost and tunable acidic, basic and redox properties. The different studies apply these oxides as pure phase, supported, mixed or doped. However, it is observed that despite the large number of applied oxides in glycerol conversion, few works describe in detail about more complex oxides such as ferrites, hexaferrites, perovskites, among others. This review reports different acid oxides in the glycerol dehydration to acetol and acrolein as well as basic and redox oxides, describing a historical perspective, showing the most important theoretical foundations of heterogeneous catalysis to comprehend surface reactions and mentioning the different possibilities to understanding the different reactional pathway, highlighting the proposal mechanisms that explain the participation of the different active sites on the surface reactions. Furthermore, the sequence of reactions which show the origin of the coke deposited on catalyst surface was presented, emphasizing the main challenges. The role of the Lewis and Brønsted acid‐base sites present in the metal oxides and their interactions on glycerol dehydration were described, providing a direction to design catalysts for selective dehydration reactions resistant against coke deposition and sintering.
Hot Spot‐Dependent Zeolitization of NaY Precursor Gel with High Dissipation Factor in Microwave Heating
Authors: Alimoradi Ahmad , Behin Jamshid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe thermal effect of microwave heating was investigated in a NaY aged precursor gel with high dissipation factor. The influence of power, position, and geometry of the cylindrical vessel was evaluated on hot spots and zeolite formation in a microwave oven. Higher powers and hot spots at higher temperatures led to more thermal heterogeneity and faster zeolite formation near the wall. The highest temperature gradient was achieved in the vessel which was placed off‐center on a turntable with the farthest distance from the center, and the zeolite formation occurred faster when it was in the center. The highest temperature gradient does not guarantee faster zeolite formation and higher crystallinity, while the nonthermal effects were significant and led to zeolite formation in the center of the gel at low temperatures.
Photocatalytic Synthesis of Acetals and Ketals from Aldehydes and Silylenolethers without the Use of Acids
Authors: Steuernagel Desirée , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcetals and ketals are among the most important protecting groups for carbonyl compounds. A new method for acetalization and ketalization by means of photoredox catalysis has been developed. A biscyanolated perylene bisimide is used as an electron‐poor photocatalyst, together with green light (525 nm LED). Silylenolethers derived from aldehydes react efficiently to give acetals in good to excellent yields. A broad substrate range was shown with respect to both the aldehydes and the alcohols. The functional group tolerance is high; in particular, acid‐ and hydrogen‐labile protecting groups are tolerated. Aldehydes can also be directly and selectively converted into the respective acetals. Only ketones must be converted to their silylenolethers before ketalization. This photocatalytic method works without any use of acids or photoacids, and does not need any additives or H‐atom transfer reagents. Hence, it broadens the substrate scope and repertoire of photoredox catalysis with respect to carbonyl chemistry.
Schema therapy for personality disorders in autistic adults: Results of a multiple case series study
Authors: Vuijk Richard , Deen Mathijs , Geurts Hilde M. , Arntz Arnoud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo our knowledge, treatment of personality disorder (PD) comorbidity in autistic adults is understudied and is still in its infancy. We investigated the effectiveness of schema therapy (ST) for autistic adults with PD.MethodA multiple case series design with 12 adults (aged 19–62 years) was used with baseline, exploration, ST (with cognitive behavioural and experiential techniques) and follow‐up conditions. Participants rated dysfunctional core beliefs (primary outcome) weekly during baseline and treatment and monthly during follow‐up. Schema modes, general mental health symptoms, social responsiveness, PD traits and common Axis‐I mental disorders were assessed.ResultsMixed model analyses indicated significant effects of ST with medium to large effect sizes for dysfunctional core beliefs, functional schema modes, PD traits, general mental health symptoms and social responsiveness. Results remained stable during follow‐up.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that ST might be effective in decreasing dysfunctional core beliefs, PD traits and general mental health symptoms and in increasing functional schema modes and social responsiveness. Improvements persisted over time. ST seems effective in treating PD in autistic individuals.
Recent Progress in Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction on Transition Metal Nitrides
Authors: Yang Xiaoju , Xu Bingjun , Chen Jingguang G. , Yang Xuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDistributed electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) powered by renewable energy for the on‐site production of ammonia is an attractive alternative to the industrial Haber–Bosch process, which is responsible for roughly 2 % of global energy consumption. In this Review, we summarize recent progress in the ENRR catalyzed by transition metal nitrides (TMNs). The unique electronic structures of TMNs make them promising ENRR catalysts for active and selective ammonia production, which have been predicted theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Reaction pathways and deactivation mechanisms of the ENRR on different TMNs are surveyed, and current understanding of structure‐activity relations is discussed. To develop highly active, selective, and stable TMN catalysts for industrial‐scale ENRR, membrane electrode assembly configuration is recommended in catalyst evaluation. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of developing mechanistic understanding on ENRR with different operando spectroscopic techniques.
Electrochemical Incorporation of Electrophiles into the Biomass‐Derived Platform Molecule 5‐(Chloromethyl)furfural
Authors: Ling Huitao , Miao Haoqian , Cao Zhiling , Mascal Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe 5‐(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF) derivative ethyl 5‐(chloromethyl)furan‐2‐carboxylate undergoes two‐electron electrochemical reduction in a simple, undivided cell to give the corresponding furylogous enolate anion, which can either be quenched with carbon dioxide to give a 5‐(carboxymethyl)furan‐2‐carboxylate or with hydrogen ion to give a 5‐methylfuran‐2‐carboxylate, thereby expanding the derivative scope of CMF as a biobased platform molecule.