bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the associations between polypharmacy and COVID-19-related hospitalisations and deaths: a population-based cohort study among older adults in Quebec, Canada
Authors: Sirois Caroline , Boiteau Véronique , Chiu Yohann , Gilca Rodica , Simard Marc 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesTo study the association between polypharmacy and the risk of hospitalisation and death in cases of COVID-19 in the population over the age of 65.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingQuebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System, composed of five medico-administrative databases, in the province of Quebec, Canada.Participants32 476 COVID-19 cases aged over 65 whose diagnosis was made between 23 February 2020 and 15 March 2021, and who were covered by the public drug insurance plan (thus excluding those living in long-term care). We counted the number of different medications they claimed between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2020.Outcome measuresRobust Poisson regression was used to calculate relative risk of hospitalisation and death associated with the use of multiple medications, adjusting for age, sex, chronic conditions, material and social deprivation and living environment.ResultsOf the 32 476 COVID-19 cases included, 10 350 (32%) were hospitalised and 4146 (13%) died. Compared with 0–4 medications, polypharmacy exposure was associated with increased hospitalisations, with relative risks ranging from 1.11 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.19) for those using 5–9 medications to 1.62 (95% CI 1.51 to 1.75) for those using 20+. Similarly, the risk of death increased with the number of medications, from 1.13 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.30) for those using (5–9 medications to 1.97 (95% CI 1.70 to 2.27) (20+). Increased risk was mainly observed in younger groups.ConclusionsPolypharmacy was significantly associated with the risk of hospitalisations and deaths related to COVID-19 in this cohort of older adults. Polypharmacy may represent a marker of vulnerability, especially for younger groups of older adults.
Parenting a newborn baby during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative survey
Authors: Sledge Hailey , Lawler Marguerite , Hourihane Jonathan , Franklin Ruth , Boland Fiona , Dunne Sumi , McCallion Naomi , O’Mahony Liam , Byrne Susan 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic caused long periods of lockdown, social isolation and intense challenges for parents. This study examines parenting in an infant cohort born at the pandemic onset.MethodsThe CORAL study is a prospective longitudinal observational study looking at allergy, immune function and neurodevelopmental outcome in babies born between March and May 2020. Demographic information was collected, babies were reviewed at 6-monthly intervals, and serology for COVID-19 infection was recorded. When babies were 12 months old, parents were asked for 3–5 words to describe raising a baby during the pandemic. Frequency of word usage was compared between first time parents and parents with other children, and parents of babies with and without a diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.Results354 babies were recruited to CORAL study. Social circles were small. At 6 months the median number of people (including parents) who had kissed the baby was 3, and by 12 months one-quarter of babies had never met another child of similar age. 304 parents completed the word choice. Commonly reported words were lonely (44.4%), isolating (31.9%) and strong bond (15.8%). 12 of those 304 babies had COVID-19 in their first year of life and there was no significant difference in reported negative or positive word number compared with parents of babies without a COVID-19 infection, or by first time parents or those who already had children.ConclusionThe lockdowns and social restrictions made raising an infant challenging for all parents in Ireland. It is important parents know this was a shared experience.
FOCUS4 biomarker laboratories: from the benefits to the practical and logistical issues faced during 6 years of centralised testing
Authors: Richman Susan D , Hemmings Gemma , Roberts Helen , Gallop Niall , Dodds Rachel , Wilkinson Lyndsay , Davis Jonathan , White Rhian , Yates Emma , Jasani Bharat , Brown Louise , Maughan Tim S , Butler Rachel , Quirke Philip , Adams Richard 
Published: March 2022

AimsFOCUS4 was a phase II/III umbrella trial, recruiting patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer, between 2014 and 2020. Molecular profiling of patients’ formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour blocks was undertaken at two centralised biomarker laboratories (Leeds and Cardiff), and the results fed directly to the Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, and used for subsequent randomisation. Here the laboratories discuss their experiences.MethodsFollowing successful tumour content assessment, blocks were sectioned for DNA extraction and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Pyrosequencing was initially used to determine tumour mutation status (KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA), then from 2018 onwards, next-generation sequencing was employed to allow the inclusion of TP53. Protein expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 and pTEN was determined by IHC. An interlaboratory comparison programme was initiated, allowing sample exchanges, to ensure continued assay robustness.Results1291 tumour samples were successfully analysed. Assay failure rates were very low; 1.9%–3.3% for DNA sequencing and 0.9%–1.3% for IHC. Concordance rates of>98% were seen for the interlaboratory comparisons, where a result was obtained by both laboratories.ConclusionsPractical and logistical problems were identified, including poor sample quality and difficulties with sample anonymisation. The often last-minute receipt of a sample for testing and a lack of integration with National Health Service mutation analysis services were challenging. The laboratories benefitted from both pretrial validations and interlaboratory comparisons, resulting in robust assay development and provided confidence during the implementation of new sequencing technologies. We conclude that our centralised approach to biomarker testing in FOCUS4 was effective and successful.
Genotypes and phenotypes heterogeneity in PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum and overlapping conditions: 150 novel patients and systematic review of 1007 patients with PIK3CA pathogenetic variants
Authors: Mussa Alessandro , Leoni Chiara , Iacoviello Matteo , Carli Diana , Ranieri Carlotta , Pantaleo Antonino , Buonuomo Paola Sabrina , Bagnulo Rosanna , Ferrero Giovanni Battista , Bartuli Andrea , Melis Daniela , Maitz Silvia , Loconte Daria Carmela , Turchiano Antonella , Piglionica Marilidia , De Luisi Annunziata , Susca Francesco Claudio , Bukvic Nenad , Forleo Cinzia , Selicorni Angelo , Zampino Giuseppe , Onesimo Roberta , Cappuccio Gerarda , Garavelli Livia , Novelli Chiara , Memo Luigi , Morando Carla , Della Monica Matteo , Accadia Maria , Capurso Martina , Piscopo Carmelo , Cereda Anna , Di Giacomo Marilena Carmela , Saletti Veronica , Spinelli Alessandro Mauro , Lastella Patrizia , Tenconi Romano , Dvorakova Veronika , Irvine Alan D , Resta Nicoletta 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPostzygotic activatingPIK3CAvariants cause several phenotypes within thePIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). Variant strength, mosaicism level, specific tissue involvement and overlapping disorders are responsible for disease heterogeneity. We explored these factors in 150 novel patients and in an expanded cohort of 1007PIK3CA-mutated patients, analysing our new data with previous literature to give a comprehensive picture.MethodsWe performed ultradeep targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) on DNA from skin biopsy, buccal swab or blood using a panel including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway genes andGNAQ,GNA11,RASA1andTEK. Additionally, 914 patients previously reported were systematically reviewed.Results93 of our 150 patients hadPIK3CApathogenetic variants. The merged PROS cohort showed thatPIK3CAvariants span thorough all gene domains, some were exclusively associated with specific PROS phenotypes: weakly activating variants were associated with central nervous system (CNS) involvement, and strongly activating variants with extra-CNS phenotypes. Among the 57 with a wild-typePIK3CAallele, 11 patients with overgrowth and vascular malformations overlapping PROS had variants inGNAQ,GNA11,RASA1orTEK.ConclusionWe confirm that (1) molecular diagnostic yield increases when multiple tissues are tested and by enriching NGS panels with genes of overlapping ‘vascular’ phenotypes; (2) strongly activatingPIK3CAvariants are found in affected tissue, rarely in blood: conversely, weakly activating mutations more common in blood; (3) weakly activating variants correlate with CNS involvement, strong variants are more common in cases without; (4) patients with vascular malformations overlapping those of PROS can harbour variants in genes other thanPIK3CA.
Predicting the kinematic response of a helmeted headform during oblique impacts
Authors: Abram Daniel E. , Wikarna Adrian , Golnaraghi Farid , Wang G. Gary 
Published: March 2022

A total of 160 oblique impact tests were performed to study the relationship between the kinematic response of a helmeted headform and the impact severity caused by a change in speed (Group 1) and anvil angle (Group 2). In this study, the kinematic response of a helmeted headform was evaluated by measuring its linear acceleration, rotational acceleration, and rotational velocity. In Group 1, a football helmet was tested at 45° anvil angle at four different impact speeds ranging from 4.5 to 7.4 m/s on five impact locations. The results showed that, for all cases, the relationship between the impact speed and helmeted headform kinematic response was linear, with an average R2 value of 0.98. At each impact location, a prediction line was generated using the data points for the lowest and highest speeds. For the speeds of 5.5 and 6.5 m/s, the prediction of the helmeted headform kinematic response was validated with an average error of 4.7%. In Group 2, the helmeted headform was tested at 5.5 m/s impact speed at six different anvil angles between 15° and 55°, and the response was fitted with a second-degree polynomial (curve) with an average R2 value of 0.96. The kinematic response of the higher and lower impact speeds was obtained experimentally for one angle, and the fitted curve for 5.5 m/s was offset to pass through the obtained kinematic response. The predicted helmeted headform kinematic response was experimentally validated, and the average error was found to be 8.3%. The results showed that it is possible to predict the kinematic response of a helmeted headform by interpolating or extrapolating the data without having to perform an additional impact test. An analysis of other research works also showed similar predictable behaviour for headform equipped with other helmet models. Therefore, the number of tests during the process of evaluating helmet performance can be reduced.
Correlation integral vs. second order factorial moments and an efficient computational technique
Authors: Diakonos F. K. , Kapoyannis A. S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe develop a mapping between the factorial moments of the second order $$F_2$$

F
2

and the correlation integral C. We formulate a fast computation technique for the evaluation of both, which is more efficient, compared to conventional methods, for data containing number of pairs per event which is lower than the estimation points. We find the effectiveness of the technique to be more prominent as the dimension of the embedding space increases. We are able to analyse large amount of data in short computation time and access very low scales in C or extremely high partitions in $$F_2$$

F
2

. The technique is an indispensable tool for detecting a very weak signal hidden in strong noise.
Electric current and heat production by a neutral carrier: an effect of the axion
Authors: Brevik Iver H. , Chaichian Moshe M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA general axion-electrodynamic formalism is presented on the phenomenological level when the environment is dielectric (permittivity and permeability assumed to be constants). Thereafter, a strong and uniform magnetic field is considered in the z direction, the field region having the form of a long material cylinder (which corresponds to the haloscope setup). If the axion amplitude depends on time only, the axions give rise to an oscillating electric current in the z direction. We estimate the magnitudes of the azimuthal magnetic fields and the accompanying Joule heating in the cylinder, taking the cylinder to have ordinary dissipative properties. We evaluate and calculate the electric current and the heat production separately, without using the effective approximation, both when there is a strong magnetic field and when there is a strong electric one, showing that with the magnetic field there is a heat production, while with the electric field there is not. The heat generation that we consider, is a nontrivial effect as it is generated by the electrically neutral axions, and has obvious consequences for axion thermodynamics. The heat production can moreover have an additional advantage, since the effect is accumulative and so grows with time. The boundary conditions (in a classical sense) are explained and the use of them in a quantum mechanical context is discussed. This point is nontrivial, accentuated in particular in connection with the Casimir effect. For comparison purposes, we present finally some results for heat dissipation taken from the theory of viscous cosmology.
Gauge embedding procedure: classical and quantum equivalence between dual models
Authors: Marques B. Alves , Felippe B. Z. , Scarpelli A. P. Baeta , Brito L. C. T. , Petrov A. Yu. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper the gauge embedding procedure of dualization is reassessed through a deeper analysis of the mutual equivalence of vector field models of more generic forms, explicitly, a general modified massive gauge-breaking extension of electrodynamics and its dual gauge-invariant model we derive in the paper. General relations between the vector field propagators and interaction terms of these models are obtained. Further, these models are shown to be equivalent at tree-level and one-loop physical calculations. Finally, we discuss extension of this equivalence to all loop orders.
On the Faults Found in REST APIs by Automated Test Generation
Authors: Marculescu Bogdan , Zhang Man , Arcuri Andrea 
Published: March 2022

RESTful web services are often used for building a wide variety of enterprise applications. The diversity and increased number of applications using RESTful APIs means that increasing amounts of resources are spent developing and testing these systems. Automation in test data generation provides a useful way of generating test data in a fast and efficient manner. However, automated test generation often results in large test suites that are hard to evaluate and investigate manually.
This article proposes a taxonomy of the faults we have found using search-based software testing techniques applied on RESTful APIs. The taxonomy is a first step in understanding, analyzing, and ultimately fixing software faults in web services and enterprise applications. We propose to apply a density-based clustering algorithm to the test cases evolved during the search to allow a better separation between different groups of faults. This is needed to enable engineers to highlight and focus on the most serious faults.
Tests were automatically generated for a set of eight case studies, seven open-source and one industrial. The test cases generated during the search are clustered based on the reported last executed line and based on the error messages returned, when such error messages were available. The tests were manually evaluated to determine their root causes and to obtain additional information.
The article presents a taxonomy of the faults found based on the manual analysis of 415 faults in the eight case studies and proposes a method to support the classification using clustering of the resulting test cases.
An In Vivo and In Vitro Assessment of the Probiotic Potentials of Indigenous Halotolerant Bacteria on Growth Performance and Digestive Enzymes of White Leg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in High-Salinity Waters
Authors: Mirbakhsh Maryam , Ghaednia Babak , Tabatabaee Bafroee Akram Sadat 
Published: March 2022

The present study was aimed at evaluating Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum strain IS02 (B.s.i. IS02; GenBank accession number: JN856456.1) to determine the growth kinetics of antimicrobial metabolite production in different ranges of environmental factors, such as salinity (15-55‰), pH (5-9), and temperature (30-40°C); to evaluate the lifespan of antimicrobial metabolites in different ranges of salinity (0-57‰), pH (2-12), and temperature (35-121°C); and to investigate the effect of B.s.i. IS02 as an additive to functional feed on the digestive activity of Litopenaeus vannamei under high-salinity conditions. Based on the present findings, the bacterium maintained its antimicrobial properties up to 45‰ salinity (

10729.93
±
23.93

A
U

m

l

−
1

). There was no significant difference in the antimicrobial activity of metabolites at 35°C and 40°C (

p
>
.05

). In the experimental trials, the shrimp postlarvae were fed different concentrations of B.s.i. IS02 (106, 107, and 108 CFU kg-1 diets) under high-salinity (>55‰) conditions. The activity of digestive enzymes, amylase, lipase, and protease in the probiotic-fed shrimp postlarvae was significantly higher than that of the control group (

p
<
.05

). The present findings revealed that B.s.i. IS02 maintained the antimicrobial metabolite production, retained the antibacterial lifespan in high-salinity waters, and improved the growth and digestive enzyme activities of shrimps.
A pot line rectiformer scheme with hybrid-shunt active power filter
Authors: Albasri Fadhel Abbas , Al-Mawsawi Sayed Ali , Al-Mahari Mahmood 
Published: March 2022

Passive harmonic filters (PHF) are commonly used in conventional potline rectifier transformers (Rectiformer) schemes of aluminum smelters to improve the power quality and reduce harmonic distortions to an acceptable level. However, changes in operating conditions and system configuration affect the performance capability of PHF in attenuating harmonics. In this paper, a Rectiformer scheme with hybrid-shunt active power filter (SAPF) is used instead of PHF and compared with the other commonly applied schemes in aluminum smelter in terms of harmonic attenuation capability. The SAPF potline Rectiformer scheme and other schemes are modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. A control strategy suitable for potline load behavior is furnished in this paper for SAPF. The simulation results reveal the performance superiority of the proposed SAPF as compared to the conventional and ALBA pot line (PL) 6 schemes.
Relatos biográficos y procesos de individuación juveniles en barrios marginalizados de Argentina
Authors: Di Leo Pablo Francisco , Camarotti Ana Clara 
Published: March 2022

(analítico): el objetivo general de nuestra investigación es analizar las continuidades y heterogeneidades presentes en los procesos de individuación de jóvenes que viven en barrios marginalizados del Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Para la construcción de los datos empíricos utilizamos como estrategia metodológica los relatos biográficos. A partir de nuestro análisis identificamos tres nodos biográficos que ocupan un lugar central en las vidas de estas y estos jóvenes: vínculos afectivos; barrio; instituciones públicas. Sin embargo, sus efectos y relaciones con las vidas de jóvenes no son directos ni lineales sino que, a partir de complejas y dinámicas articulaciones entre sus trayectorias personales, sus relaciones intersubjetivas y sus condiciones estructurales -socio-económicas, territoriales e institucionales-, pueden constituirse en obstáculos o potencialidades para el despliegue de sus procesos de individuación.

Palabras clave: juventud, identidad, marginalidad, biografía (Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco).
Formación en valores sociales en adolescentes que juegan Grand Theft Auto V
Authors: Meza-Maya Clara Victoria , Lobo-Ojeda Sandra Marcela 
Published: March 2022

(analítico): Objeto: comprensión de las relaciones entre los preadolescentes y las nuevas prácticas comunicativas en las redes informáticas, respecto a la construcción de valores sociales que se propician mediante su participación en los videojuegos colaborativos, en una observación en adolescentes con el videojuego Grand Theft Auto V (GTA V). Metodología: es un estudio cualitativo, con herramientas etnográficas, apoyado por una encuesta tipo Likert, con estudiantes de un colegio de Bogotá. Resultados y conclusiones: Los estudiantes diferencian con claridad el contexto valorativo del juego y el de la vida real. Los valores sociales como el respeto, la solidaridad, la otredad y el cumplimiento de las normas tienen significaciones diferentes en el juego y en la vida. La familia es la fuente de valores más reconocida en la vida real. Se extraen enseñanzas del mundo avieso del juego.

Palabras clave: valores sociales, preadolescentes, comunicación interactiva, ética, videojuego (Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco).

Palabras clave autoras: espacios convergentes, videojuegos colaborativos, Grand Theft Auto V.
¿Corresponsabilidad familiar en instituciones de reeducación para adolescentes infractores?
Authors: Ávila-Navarrete Viviana Carmenza 
Published: March 2022

(analítico): en el presente artículo expongo los aprendizajes de un plan estratégico para el incremento de la corresponsabilidad familiar en instituciones de reeducación en Colombia. Mediante la metodología de marco lógico propongo estrategias y acciones participativas para que las familias garanticen la atención, el cuidado y la protección de los individuos adolescentes al momento de llevar a cabo un proceso reeducativo integral. El análisis situacional evidenció que el déficit en la corresponsabilidad familiar tiene origen multicausal, con factores extrainstitucionales e intrainstitucionales que influyen y repercuten de manera bidireccional. Concluyo que el trabajo coordinado, articulado y competente entre los diversos profesionales adscritos al Sistema colombiano de Responsabilidad Penal Para Adolescentes, basado en el análisis de relaciones e interacciones, puede proveer elementos necesarios para que la familia reconozca y asuma la corresponsabilidad.

Palabras clave: adolescencia, delincuencia juvenil, conflicto social, corresponsabilidad, formación, reeducación, institución, organización, familia, papel de los padres y madres (Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco).
Prácticas familiares de paz: un acercamiento a las narrativas de jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Patiño-López Jhoana Alexandra 
Published: March 2022

(analítico): Objetivo: identificar la forma en que la familia como grupo socializador desarrolla potencialidades afectivas, comunicativas, éticas, y prácticas favorables para la construcción de paz cotidiana. Metodología: es un estudio cualitativo interpretativo, realizado mediante narrativas biográficas, analizadas en forma colaborativa con los agentes. Resultados: encontré que la construcción socio-familiar de significados en torno a la paz se asocia al contexto, a la experiencia de vida familiar y al reconocimiento de cinco prácticas familiares. Alcances: las prácticas familiares como compartir en familia, distribuir los trabajos domésticos, dialogar en familia, tomar decisiones de forma conjunta y cuidar en familia, aportan a la democratización de la vida familiar y a la construcción de paz a partir de las interacciones.

Palabras clave: joven universitario, familia, educación para la paz (Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco).

Palabras clave autora: narrativas, significados, prácticas familiares, construcción de paz.