bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reform mode of sports training and competition organization based on data mining
Authors: Wan Li 
Published: August 2022

SummaryChina has continuously strengthened its efforts in reforming the sports training and competition organization mode, issued a series of measures and made some innovations, but the current optimized policies and measures still have certain limitations. Therefore, this article first uses data mining technology to model students' sports training and competition mode, considering multi event competition, the scoring of the project itself, the uncertainty of the number of students in sports training and other factors. The results show that the average prediction accuracy of the time series data mining method applied in this article is 89.82%, which is 19.71% and 44.78% higher than that of ANN and traditional clustering methods, respectively. The average error rate of ARMA time series algorithm data mining is reduced by 21.95% and 18.89% compared with AR and Ma time series algorithm. In addition, compared with the convergence time of multidimensional sports data mining realized by AR algorithm and Ma algorithm, ARMA time series algorithm is shortened by 77.13% and 70.02%, respectively.
Studying Photochemical Transformations using Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI‐MS)
Authors: Burykina Julia V. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis concept article reviews application‐oriented possibilities in the mechanistic investigation of photochemical reactions by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Photo‐Chem‐ESI‐MS). A brief review of essential techniques for coupling photochemical reactions with ESI‐MS online monitoring is presented. Representative customized advanced tools for “light on/light off” mechanistic studies of photochemical reactions aimed at the detection of specific intermediates are discussed. The design of dedicated Photo‐Chem‐ESI‐MS setups is the focus of modern research and will enable more profound insight into the field.
DNA aneuploidy combined with radial EBUS in the diagnosis of peripheral lung lesions
Authors: Guo Cuiyan , Hu Yan , Yu Qing , Zhang Qi , Wang Guangfa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the diagnostic value of DNA aneuploidy analysis combined with radial endobronchial ultrasound (R‐EBUS)‐guided transbronchial biopsy in peripheral lung lesions.MethodWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent R‐EBUS examination. DNA aneuploidy analysis of bronchial washing from the target bronchial segment were performed. The clinical information, R‐EBUS data, pathological results and DNA image cytometry (DNA‐ICM) results were collected. For patients who did not have a clear diagnosis after bronchoscopy, follow‐up data was recorded.ResultsA total of 42 cases were included. Thirty patients had confirmed malignant tumor of the lung, 19 of which were confirmed by pathology after bronchoscopy, and 11 cases were confirmed later by surgery or percutaneous lung puncture. Twelve patients were finally considered to have benign lesions. The sensitivity of R‐EBUS is 63.3% and the specificity is 100%. DNA‐ICM has a sensitivity of 76.7% and a specificity of 91.7%. When combined, they have a sensitivity of 90%, and specificity 91.7%. As for malignant lesions, we further analyzed smoking, the size and location of lesions on chest CT, the number of aneuploid cells and the maximum value of DNA content. The results indicated that increased number of aneuploid cells or increased max value of DNA content may predict higher probability of malignancy.ConclusionDNA‐ICM combined with R‐EBUS can improve the diagnostic sensitivity of malignant peripheral lung lesions. Increased number of aneuploid cells or increased max value of DNA content may indicate that the lesions are more likely to be malignant.
Liver fluke eggs in bile duct brush cytology: An unexpected diagnosis during evaluation of a biliary stricture
Authors: Chen Fei , Aguero‐Rosenfeld Maria , Simsir Aylin , Brandler Tamar C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke parasite, infects humans through ingestion of raw or undercooked fish, crabs, or crayfish in endemic areas where the parasite is found. Clonorchis sinensis infects the liver, gallbladder, and bile duct in humans, causing Clonorichiasis. Although the majority of patients are asymptomatic, long‐lasting infections may cause severe disease. Without treatment, human infection may persist for the parasite's lifespan (25–30 years). Pathologic diagnosis can be challenging as sampling may demonstrate limited cellularity with minuscule eggs that may be overlooked. Here, we report a rare case of liver fluke eggs diagnosed in bile duct brush cytology.
Ecology of Eriogonum tiehmii, a rare soil specialist: Arthropod diversity, soil preferences, and demography
Authors: McClinton Jamey D. , Shriver Robert K. , Leger Elizabeth A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoil specialists can have restricted distributions, and effective management in the face of land use change depends on a thorough understanding of the ecology of these unique plants. We investigated the ecology of Eriogonum tiehmii Reveal, a rare soil specialist, using pitfall traps, flower observations, and pollinator exclusion to assess arthropod communities in E. tiehmii habitat, the most common visitors to E. tiehmii flowers, and the importance of pollination for seed set. We collected soil from 21 occupied and unoccupied sites for analysis of physical and chemical characteristics, and conducted a greenhouse soil preference experiment to test how seeds and seedlings respond to soil variation. We also monitored tagged plants in extant populations, measuring survival, size, and reproductive output. Arthropod communities within and around E. tiehmii sites were abundant and diverse; each sample site contained numerous unique species, and there was high turnover in arthropod community composition over time. Open pollination significantly increased seed production, with beetles, wasps, and flies the most likely important pollinators. Reproductive output and size class distributions varied among wild populations, and soil properties differed between occupied and unoccupied sites. Occupied sites were, on average, lower in sulfur, zinc, potassium, and magnesium and, on average higher in boron, pH, and silt, among other differences, though there was high variation in these characteristics among sites. Seedlings demonstrated sensitivity to individual soil properties, and seedlings grown in soils from occupied sites had, on average, higher total biomass and higher root allocation than seedlings grown in soils from unoccupied sites. These preference tests suggest a “specialist” model of soil specialization rather than a “refuge” model, indicating that plants are not simply highly stress‐tolerant, but are specifically adapted to their native soil types. While some unoccupied sites we tested were favorable for some life history stages, we did not identify unoccupied sites that could support both establishment and growth of E. tiehmii seedlings. Future work could consider the effects of biotic interactions such as plant competition and herbivores on plant growth, and employ additional demographic monitoring to better understand life history and population dynamics of this extreme soil specialist.
Qualitative and quantitative aspects of time‐, charge‐, and mobility‐based electropherograms
Authors: da Costa Eric Tavares , Oliveira Daniel Rossado , do Lago Claudimir Lucio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe migration process in capillary electrophoresis is obtained by using a high‐voltage power supply, and the basic idea is to keep the control on the migration velocity of the analytes by controlling either the applied voltage or current. The effectiveness of this control has impact on the resulting electropherogram and, thus, in the identification and quantification of the analytes. Although the usual electropherogram is the record of the detector signal as a function of time, other two domains should be considered: charge and mobility. Both mathematical modeling and experimental results were used to evaluate the two different approaches for controlling the electrophoretic migration and the resulting time‐, charge‐, and mobility‐based electropherograms. The main conclusions are (1) the current‐controlled mode is superior to the voltage‐controlled mode; (2) when the first mode cannot be implemented, the electrophoretic current should be monitored to improve the identification and quantification procedures; and (3) the consistent monitoring of the electrophoretic current allows the implementation of the charge‐based electropherogram and the mobility spectrum. The first one is advantageous because the peak position is more reproducible, and the peak area is more resistant to change than the ones from the time‐based electropherogram. The mobility spectrum has the additional advantage of being more informative about the mobility of the analytes. Although peak area is less robust, the spectrum may also be used for quantitation when the number of plates is greater than 103.
Patient and mentor language style matching as a predictor of working alliance, engagement with treatment as usual, and eating disorders symptoms over the course of an online guided self‐help intervention for anorexia nervosa
Authors: Albano Gaia , Salerno Laura , Cardi Valentina , Brockmeyer Timo , Ambwani Suman , Treasure Janet , Lo Coco Gianluca 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the processes involved in a guided self‐help (GSH) pre‐treatment intervention (RecoveryMANTRA) for patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), by measuring the levels of patient/mentor Language Style Matching (LSM). RecoveryMANTRA was supported by student mentors or peer mentors (recovered individuals) over six weekly chat‐based sessions. We examined whether LSM during RecoveryMANTRA predicted patients'working alliance with the clinic therapist, motivation, eating disorder (ED) and general psychopathology. A further aim was to examine differences in LSM between student mentors and peer mentors.Method87 AN adults received RecoveryMANTRA plus treatment as usual. The LSM algorithm was used to calculate verbal attunement between patient and mentor. Participants were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention.ResultsBoth early (1st session) and late (6th session) LSM predicted higher working alliance with the clinic therapist. Moreover, late LSM predicted lower EDs symptoms at the end of the RecoveryMANTRA intervention. Patient/peer mentor dyads showed higher late verbal attunement than patient/student mentor dyads.ConclusionsThese findings suggests that in the early phase of treatment relational aspects can impact on engagement with treatment. Verbal attunement in a GSH for AN is associated with working alliance and better clinical outcome.
Study on the distribution law of airflow velocity in rectangular and semicircular roadway sections
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Luo Guang , Zou Shuqi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReliable ventilation is the cornerstone of safe production in coal mines, and accurate monitoring of ventilation parameters is the fundamental guarantee of ventilation technology decision‐making. To improve the accuracy of airflow velocity monitoring in coal mine roadways, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field tests were utilized to study the distribution law of airflow velocity in typical roadway sections. First, the calculation model of position of mean airflow velocity line in rectangular and semicircular arch roadway is established based on Boussinesq theory and Pelant turbulence theory. Then, to verify the correctness of the theoretical model, 25 groups of numerical simulation tests were conducted by using COMSOL‐Multiphysics 3.5a software. The errors between theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are all less than 4%. In addition, the numerical results also show that the contour line of airflow velocity in roadway section is consistent with the shape of roadway section, and the isoline of airflow velocity is basically parallel to the roadway wall. In addition, the closer to the roadway wall, the denser the airflow velocity isoline, indicating that the airflow velocity gradient near the wall is larger. And the thickness of the boundary layer decreases with the increase of airflow inlet velocity. Finally, field tests have been conducted in Chongqing Research Institute and Sima Coal Mine to further verify the correctness of the calculation model and numerical simulation results. The measured distribution law of airflow velocity is consistent with the numerical simulation. And the errors between theoretical analysis and field tests are all less than 4%.
Foundational women in planetary geomorphology: Some contributions in fluvial, aeolian, and (cryo)volcanic subdisciplines
Authors: Burr Devon M. , Diniega Serina , Quick Lynnae C. , Gardner‐Vandy Kathryn , Rivera‐Hernandez Frances 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite undeserved challenges to participation in the field of planetary geomorphology, women have made significant contributions in the fluvial, aeolian, and (cryo)volcanic subdisciplines. In this work, some women—in particular, women of color—are highlighted to show a part of these foundational contributions. We focused on women scientists who were working in the latter half of the 20th century, a revolutionary time for terrestrial geomorphology and the inception of the discipline of planetary geomorphology. We also focused on women working in our scientific subdisciplines so that we could provide proper context for their work. These contributions have occurred both as discoveries in terrestrial geomorphology leading to follow‐on discoveries in planetary geomorphology and through serving as educators and role models. With women increasingly achieving positions of influence both in the geo‐ and planetary sciences as in American society, this research allows us to celebrate these contributions of women and particularly women of color while looking forward to a more complete record of their past contributions and greater future achievements.
Effects of a dementia virtual reality‐based training with peer support for home care workers: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sung Huei‐Chuan , Su Hsin‐Feng , Lee Wen‐Li , Yamakawa Miyae , Wang Hsiu‐Mei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesHome care workers who are the first‐line care workers for community‐dwelling dementia patients often have limited dementia knowledge, skills, and empathy towards those with dementia. Research is sparse on dementia care training using virtual reality (VR) technology and support network for home care workers.MethodsThis cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of a dementia VR‐based training with peer support on dementia knowledge, attitude, competence, and empathy of home care workers. Each home care worker team was used as the unit for randomization. Sixteen teams were randomly assigned to either VR group or non‐VR control group There was a total of 124 participants completed the study, the VR group (n = 61) received a dementia VR‐based training consisted of 3‐month dementia care e‐book modules, dementia VR‐based activity and 1‐h monthly face‐to‐face peer support group meetings. The non‐VR control group (n = 63) only receive the 3‐month dementia care e‐book modules and 1‐h monthly regular staff meetings with no VR activity. Outcome measures were assessed at three time points: baseline, the end of the 3‐month intervention, and 1‐month post intervention.ResultsGeneralized estimating equations results indicate that the improvement in dementia knowledge, attitudes, competence, and empathy over time is significant in the VR group compared to the non‐VR control group. The effects remained significant 1 month after the end of the 3‐month intervention.ConclusionsInnovative and accessible dementia training using VR technology with peer support is a promising training approach to improve dementia knowledge, attitudes, competence, and empathy of home care workers.
Medication‐related problems in geriatric psychiatry—a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Heck Johannes , Ihlefeld Christian , Krause Olaf , Stichtenoth Dirk O. , Schulze Westhoff Martin , Noltemeyer Nina , Jahn Kirsten , Prost Lea , Gerbel Swetlana , Klietz Martin , Bleich Stefan , Frieling Helge , Groh Adrian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesInformation on medication‐related problems (MRPs) in elderly psychiatric patients is scarce. In the present study, we analyzed the frequency and characteristics of MRPs in patients ≥60 years treated on the gerontopsychiatric ward of Hannover Medical School in 2019.MethodsTaking advantage of an interdisciplinary approach, two independent investigators screened hospital discharge letters of 230 psychiatric inpatients for clinically relevant MRPs, followed by validation through an interdisciplinary expert panel. Drug interactions as a subset of MRPs were analyzed with the aid of two different drug interaction programs.Results230 patients (63.0% female, mean age 73.7 ± 8.4 years, median length of stay 18 days) were prescribed a median of 6 drugs. In total, 2180 MRPs were detected in the study population and 94.3% of the patients exhibited at least one MRP. Patients displayed a median of 7 MRPs (interquartile range 3–15). Pharmacodynamic interactions accounted for almost half of all MRPs (48.1%; 1048/2180). The number of drugs prescribed and the number of MRPs per patient showed a strong linear relationship (adjusted R2 = 0.747).ConclusionAn exceedingly high proportion of elderly psychiatric inpatients displayed clinically relevant MRPs in the present study, which may be explained by the multimorbidity prevalent in the study population and the associated polypharmacy. The number of drug interactions was largely in accordance with previous studies. As a novel finding, we detected that a considerable proportion of elderly psychiatric inpatients were affected by potential prescribing omissions, potentially inappropriate duplicate prescriptions, and insufficient documentation.
Two Singapore public healthcare AI applications for national screening programs and other examples
Authors: Ta Andy Wee An , Goh Han Leong , Ang Christine , Koh Lian Yeow , Poon Ken , Miller Steven M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article explains how two AI systems have been incorporated into the everyday operations of two Singapore public healthcare nation‐wide screening programs. The first example is embedded within the setting of a national level population health screening program for diabetes related eye diseases, targeting the rapidly increasing number of adults in the country with diabetes. In the second example, the AI assisted screening is done shortly after a person is admitted to one of the public hospitals to identify which inpatients—especially which elderly patients with complex conditions—have a high risk of being readmitted as an inpatient multiple times in the months following discharge. Ways in which healthcare needs and the clinical operations context influenced the approach to designing or deploying the AI systems are highlighted, illustrating the multiplicity of factors that shape the requirements for successful large‐scale deployments of AI systems that are deeply embedded within clinical workflows. In the first example, the choice was made to use the system in a semi‐automated (vs. fully automated) mode as this was assessed to be more cost‐effective, though still offering substantial productivity improvement. In the second example, machine learning algorithm design and model execution trade‐offs were made that prioritized key aspects of patient engagement and inclusion over higher levels of predictive accuracy. The article concludes with several lessons learned related to deploying AI systems within healthcare settings, and also lists several other AI efforts already in deployment and in the pipeline for Singapore's public healthcare system.
The added value and unintended negative consequences of public involvement processes in the planning, development and implementation of community health services: Results from a thematic synthesis
Authors: Pedersen Johanne Frøsig , Overgaard Charlotte , Egilstrød Barbara , Petersen Kirsten Schultz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposePublic involvement is widely considered a means to improve health and quality of health services. The research literature reveals ambiguities concerning added value and unintended negative consequences of public involvement processes. The aim of this study is to identify, synthesise and present an overview of added value and unintended negative consequences of public involvement processes in the planning, development and implementation of community health services.MethodsData from 36 peer‐reviewed articles retrieved from a systematic search in the CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus databases in October 2019 and updated in April 2021 were extracted. A three‐step thematic synthesis was conducted involving (1) line‐by‐line text coding, (2) developing descriptive themes and (3) generating analytical themes.ResultsTwo main themes along with their corresponding themes provided an overview of the added value of public involvement processes at the individual, service and political levels. Unintended negative consequences concerning individual resources, uncertainty about the effect of involvement and power differences were revealed.ConclusionAdded value of public involvement processes is primarily reported on an individual and service level. The added value seems to be accompanied by unintended negative consequences. Training of professional facilitators and recruitment of participants that come from vulnerable groups could help promote equality in public involvement. Unintended negative consequences need to be further explored in future evaluations in order to achieve the desired goals of public involvement.
Does India need a new pharmaceutical policy? Examining the implications of the drug price control order
Authors: Kumar Rupali , Joshi Mahika Milind , Palod Rajat Jagdish , Dharmagadda Sreedhar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis article aims to analyse the impact of the pharmaceutical policy on the availability, accessibility and affordability of medicines to the Indian populace. The article delves into the shortcomings of the Drug Price Control Order 2013 and highlights its real‐world implications.MethodsPublished literature in the form of scientific articles on the proposed reforms that took place in the pharmaceutical policy was reviewed. The study used the memorandums, laws and government decisions published by the Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority|National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authorities.ResultsThe pharmaceutical policy in India underwent several changes during 2013–2020 to enhance the affordability and accessibility of drugs. The stringent policy hampered innovation due to the lack of profitability to the Multinational Companies. Moreover, it was found that the impact of the price control order on the low‐cost local generic manufacturers affected much of the country's price‐sensitive population.ConclusionThe pharmaceutical policy of India needs to be amended to extend its benefit to its stakeholders. The government should shift its attention to improving the quality of drugs, increasing competition amongst manufacturers and enhancing the accessibility of medicines through state/centre sponsored initiatives.