bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Complexation Study of New Aminoalkynyl−amidinate Ligands
Authors: Wang Sida , Liebing Phil , Engelhardt Felix , Hilfert Liane , Busse Sabine , Goldhahn Rüdiger , Edelmann Frank T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current library of amidinate ligands has been extended by the synthesis of two novel dimethylamino‐substituted alkynylamidinate anions of the composition [Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NR)2]−(R =iPr, cyclohexyl (Cy)). The unsolvated lithium derivatives Li[Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NR)2] (1: R =iPr,2: R = Cy) were obtained in good yields by treatment ofin situ‐prepared Me2N−CH2−C≡C−Li with the respective carbodiimides, R−N=C=N−R. Recrystallization of1and2from THF afforded the crystalline THF adducts Li[Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NR)2] ⋅ nTHF (1 a: R =iPr,n=1;2 a: R = Cy,n=1.5). Precursor2was subsequently used to study initial complexation reactions with selected di‐ and trivalent transition metals. The dark red homoleptic vanadium(III) tris(alkynylamidinate) complex V[Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NCy)2]3(3) was prepared by reaction of VCl3(THF)3with 3 equiv. of2(75 % yield). A salt‐metathesis reaction of2with anhydrous FeCl2in a molar ratio of 2 : 1 afforded the dinuclear homoleptic iron(II) alkynylamidinate complex Fe2[Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NCy)2]4(4) in 69 % isolated yield. Similarly, treatment of Mo2(OAc)4with 3 or 4 equiv. of2provided the dinuclear, heteroleptic molybdenum(II) amidinate complex Mo2(OAc)[Me2N−CH2−C≡C−C(NCy)2]3(5; yellow crystals, 50 % isolated yield). The cyclohexyl‐substituted title compounds2 a,4, and5were structurally characterized through single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies.
Gravity at the tip of the throat
Authors: Bento Bruno Valeixo , Chakraborty Dibya , Parameswaran Susha , Zavala Ivonne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study the gravitational signatures that arise from compactifying Type IIB supergravity on a compact space containing a Klebanov-Strassler warped throat. After reviewing the dimensional reduction of the 10d graviton and explicitly obtaining the equa- tions of motion for the 4d tensor hμν, vector hμn and scalar hmn modes, we find the masses and wavefunctions of the Kaluza-Klein tower of spin-2 states. We explore how the masses and wavefunctions depend on the balance between the strength of the warping and the size of the bulk, and how these relate to the range and strength of the interactions which correct the Newtonian gravitational potential. By computing the modified Newtonian potential for sources on a brane somewhere along the throat, and applying consistency constraints on the Klebanov-Strassler parameters, we obtain predictions for the phenomenological pa- rameter space. In the case of a fully warped throat, and depending on where the brane is along the throat, these predictions are narrow in range and consistent with current obser- vational and experimental constraints. We also begin an exploration of gravitational wave signatures of KK gravitons in warped throats, finding that strong warping can bring the corresponding frequencies down to the windows of current and proposed experiments.
Developing a Consistent Travel-Time Framework for Comparing Three-Dimensional Velocity Models for Seismic Location Accuracy
Authors: Begnaud Michael L. , Davenport Kathy , Conley Andrea , Ballard Sanford , Hipp James , Porritt Robert W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLocation algorithms have historically relied on simple, one-dimensional (1D) velocity models for fast seismic event locations. 1D models are generally used as travel-time lookup tables, one for each seismic phase, with travel-times pre-calculated for event distance and depth. These travel-time lookup tables are extremely fast to use and this fast computational speed makes them the preferred type of velocity model for operational needs. Higher-dimensional (i.e., three-dimensional—3D) seismic velocity models are becoming readily available and provide more accurate event locations over 1D models. The computational requirements of these 3D models tend to make their operational use prohibitive. Additionally, comparing location accuracy for 3D seismic velocity models tends to be problematic, as each model is determined using different ray-tracing algorithms. Attempting to use a different algorithm than the one used to develop a model usually results in poor travel-time prediction. We demonstrate and test a framework to create first-P and first-S 3D travel-time correction surfaces using an open-source framework (PCalc + GeoTess, https://www.sandia.gov/salsa3d/software/geotess) that easily stores 3D travel-time and uncertainty data. This framework produces fast travel-time and uncertainty predictions and overcomes the ray-tracing algorithm hurdle because the lookup tables can be generated using the exact ray-tracing algorithm that is preferred for a model.
Besonders geschützt oder ausgestoßen? Wie Personen im Alter über 65 Jahre die Coronapandemie erlebten
Authors: Aversa Rosangela , Fluri Stefanie , von Wyl Agnes 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Zu Beginn der Coronapandemie wurden auch in der Schweiz Personen im Alter ab 65 Jahren der besonders gefährdeten Bevölkerungsgruppe zugeordnet. Aufgrund vermehrter Vorerkrankungen wurde vermutet, sie seien einem erhöhten Risiko für schwere Krankheitsverläufe ausgesetzt. Dadurch rückten ältere Personen in den Fokus der Aufmerksamkeit, wodurch deren gebrechliche und hilflose Seite betont wurde. Dies lässt Fragen offen, bezüglich der Selbsteinschätzung der älteren Menschen, was ihr konkretes subjektives Befinden und Erleben während der Pandemie betrifft.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Studie ergründet die subjektive Sichtweise von Personen ab 65 Jahren und hat zum Ziel, ihre Alltagsbewältigung während der Pandemie zu untersuchen, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Auswirkungen auf ihre Lebenssituation, ihre Selbsteinschätzung als vulnerable Gruppe und ihre Ängste rund um COVID-19.

Material und Methoden
Es handelt sich um eine Längsschnittstudie im Mixed-Methods-Design, bei welcher von Ende April bis Mitte Juni 2020 2‑wöchentlich ein leitfadengestütztes Telefoninterview mit geschlossenen und offenen Fragen durchgeführt wurde. Es wurden 40 Personen (m = 18, w = 22) im Alter zwischen 65 und 90 Jahren zu verschiedenen Aspekten der Alltagsbewältigung während der Coronapandemie und ihren Folgen befragt. Die quantitativen Daten wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet. Die qualitativen Daten wurden mittels strukturierter Inhaltsanalyse mit induktiver Kategorienbildung evaluiert.

Ergebnisse
Die Studie zeigte, dass sich das Alltagsleben der Befragten trotz des Lockdowns zu Hause kaum veränderte. Auch wurde mehrheitlich über eine gute Stimmungslage berichtet. Als große Belastung wurden die sozialen Einschränkungen erlebt. Die Einordnung als Risikogruppe wurde als undifferenziert und willkürlich empfunden. Angst oder Sorgen hinsichtlich einer Ansteckung mit dem Coronavirus waren wenig vorhanden.

Diskussion
Die Befragten schienen die Krise deutlich besser bewältigt zu haben, als der öffentliche Diskurs nahelegte. Aktivitäten und Routinen können als Strategien im Alltag schützend gewirkt haben. Eine homogene Einteilung der älteren Personen als Risikogruppe vernachlässigt deren Ressourcen und fördert sowohl negative Stereotype als auch Altersdiskriminierung.
Medical instrument detection in ultrasound: a review
Authors: Yang Hongxu , Shan Caifeng , Kolen Alexander F. , de With Peter H. N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMedical instrument detection is essential for computer-assisted interventions, since it facilitates clinicians to find instruments efficiently with a better interpretation, thereby improving clinical outcomes. This article reviews image-based medical instrument detection methods for ultrasound-guided (US-guided) operations. Literature is selected based on an exhaustive search in different sources, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. We first discuss the key clinical applications of medical instrument detection in the US, including delivering regional anesthesia, biopsy taking, prostate brachytherapy, and catheterization. Then, we present a comprehensive review of instrument detection methodologies, including non-machine-learning and machine-learning methods. The conventional non-machine-learning methods were extensively studied before the era of machine learning methods. The principal issues and potential research directions for future studies are summarized for the computer-assisted intervention community. In conclusion, although promising results have been obtained by the current (non-) machine learning methods for different clinical applications, thorough clinical validations are still required.
CBI-time-changed Lévy processes for multi-currency modeling
Authors: Fontana Claudio , Gnoatto Alessandro , Szulda Guillaume 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe develop a stochastic volatility framework for modeling multiple currencies based on CBI-time-changed Lévy processes. The proposed framework captures the typical risk characteristics of FX markets and is coherent with the symmetries of FX rates. Moreover, due to the self-exciting behavior of CBI processes, the volatilities of FX rates exhibit self-exciting dynamics. By relying on the theory of affine processes, we show that our approach is analytically tractable and that the model structure is invariant under a suitable class of risk-neutral measures. A semi-closed pricing formula for currency options is obtained by Fourier methods. We propose two calibration methods, also by relying on deep-learning techniques, and show that a simple specification of the model can achieve a good fit to market data on a currency triangle.
Department for Education Statutory Guidance for Relationships and Sex Education in England: A Rights-Based Approach?
Authors: Setty Emily , Dobson Emma 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn England, the Children and Social Work Act (HMSO, 2017) bestowed compulsory status on relationships and sex education (RSE), which means that young people’s right to receive RSE has been codified in law. This paper analyzes how this right is upheld and enacted within the Department for Education (DfE) (2019) statutory guidance on RSE for schools in England. The analysis suggests that the guidance features contradictory discourses in which young people’s rights are ostensibly advanced, but remain structured by adult-centric, heteronormative understandings of sex and relationships. It upholds a decontextualized and legalistic approach to rights, responsibilities, informed choice, and decision making. A narrow conception of rights is particularly evident regarding young people’s digital sexual cultures, which are predominantly framed in terms of risk and harm. We argue that scholars should investigate how educators are designing and delivering RSE in light of the guidance, and the opportunities for and obstacles to a genuinely “rights-based” approach to RSE. While the policy discussed in this article is specific to England, the discussion has wider relevance for practitioners and policymakers across cultural and geographic contexts as it draws upon a model for analyzing how young people’s sexuality is presented and addressed in legislative and curricular documentation.
Gold functions and switched cube functions are not 0-extendable in dimension n > 5
Authors: Beierle Christof , Carlet Claude 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the independent works by Kalgin and Idrisova and by Beierle, Leander and Perrin, it was observed that the Gold APN functions over $$\mathbb {F}_{2^5}$$

F

2
5

give rise to a quadratic APN function in dimension 6 having maximum possible linearity of $$2^5$$

2
5

(that is, minimum possible nonlinearity $$2^4$$

2
4

). In this article, we show that the case of $$n \le 5$$

n
≤
5

is quite special in the sense that Gold APN functions in dimension $$n>5$$

n
>
5

cannot be extended to quadratic APN functions in dimension $$n+1$$

n
+
1

having maximum possible linearity. In the second part of this work, we show that this is also the case for APN functions of the form $$x \mapsto x^3 + \mu (x)$$

x
↦

x
3

+
μ

(
x
)

with $$\mu $$
μ
being a quadratic Boolean function.
Building staff capability, opportunity, and motivation to provide smoking cessation to people with cancer in Australian cancer treatment centres: development of an implementation intervention framework for the Care to Quit cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Ryan Annika , Young Alison Luk , Tait Jordan , McCarter Kristen , McEnallay Melissa , Day Fiona , McLennan James , Segan Catherine , Blanchard Gillian , Healey Laura , Avery Sandra , White Sarah , Vinod Shalini , Bradford Linda , Paul Christine L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFew rigorous studies provide a clear description of the methodological approach of developing an evidence-based implementation intervention, prior to implementation at scale. This study describes the development, mapping, rating, and review of the implementation strategies for the Care to Quit smoking cessation trial, prior to application in nine cancer services across Australia. Key stakeholders were engaged in the process from conception through to rating, reviewing and refinement of strategies and principles. An initial scoping review identified 21 barriers to provision of evidence-based smoking cessation care to patients with cancer, which were mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) to identify relevant intervention functions. The mapping identified 26 relevant behaviour change techniques, summarised into 11 implementation strategies. The implementation strategies were rated and reviewed against the BCW Affordability, Practicality, Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, Acceptability, Side-effects/safety, and Equity criteria by key stakeholders during two interactive workshops to facilitate a focus on feasible interventions likely to resonate with clinical staff. The implementation strategies and associated intervention tools were then collated by form and function to provide a practical guide for implementing the intervention. This study illustrates the rigorous use of theories and frameworks to arrive at a practical intervention guide, with potential to inform future replication and scalability of evidence-based implementation across a range of health service settings.
Sequence-aware news recommendations by combining intra- with inter-session user information
Authors: Symeonidis Panagiotis , Chaltsev Dmitry , Berbague Chemseddine , Zanker Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere exist many research works that strive to answer the question “what news article is a user going to click next given his profile”. These works take into account the time dimension to reveal users’ preferences over time. However, few works exploit adequately the information that is hidden inside user sessions. User sessions include a list of user interactions with items within a short period of time such as 30 min, and can reveal her very last intentions. In this paper, we combine intra- with inter-session item transition probabilities to reveal the short- and long-term intentions of individuals. Thus, we are able to better capture the similarities among items that are co-selected inside a user session but also within any two consecutive sessions. We have evaluated experimentally our method and compare it against state-of-the-art algorithms on three real-life datasets. We demonstrate the superiority of our method over its competitors.
Stability and Structure of Silver–l-methionine Complexes
Authors: Bottari Emilio , D’Ambrosio Antonietta , Festa Maria Rosa , Iuliano Mauro , Meschino Martina , De Tommaso Gaetano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStability and structure of complexes between silver (I) and l-methionine (L) deduced from potentiometric and 1H NMR measurements allow to assume the prevailing of several protonated species. The experimental data are compatible with the formation of the following complexes: AgL, AgL2, AgH2L, AgH1L2, AgH2L2, AgH3L2 and AgH4L2. The coordination sites are obtained by 1H NMR spectra, showing that only the bond between the methylthioether sulfur atom and silver (I) is responsible of the complex stability. The system is studied potentiometrically with silver and glass electrodes at 25 °C and 1.00 mol·dm−3 NaClO4 as ionic medium. Amino acids containing sulfur are few and not extensively studied. In particular, l-methionine, even if it is the most important, enantiomer and their complexes with silver (I) present anticarcinogenic properties, is quite not investigated. In the same experimental conditions, l-methionine protonation constants are determined. The 1H NMR data allow one to assume that, in moderately alkaline solution, silver (I) is bond with six membered chelate rings with sulfur and amino nitrogen, while carboxylic groups are not involved. No polynuclear species are present. The high stability of the complex with ratio 1:2 (silver (I)/l-methionine), involving also two hydrogen ions, predominating in a wide range of hydrogen ion concentration suggests to propose a study for the preparation of an electrode to measure the deprotonated l-methionine concentration.
Conceptions of Professionalism in U.S. Research Universities: Evidence from the gradSERU Survey
Authors: Brint Steven , Ilhan Ali O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecent scholars of the professions have argued that a new hybrid form of professionalism is becoming dominant. This new form combines traditional commitments to ethics and community service with new commitments to managerial and entrepreneurial objectives. We analyze the perceptions of 4,300 U.S. graduate students in 21 fields concerning how well their programs have prepared them for leadership and management and for ethics and community service. These assessments allow us to examine the prevalence of this new conception of professionalism and to examine it in relation to two other conceptions: the “neo-classical” emphasis on ethics and community service as opposed to leadership and management, and another that emphasizes a divergence between business and technical professions on one side and social and cultural professions on the other. Hybridization was comparatively rare but occurred more frequently among students preparing for management, law, and medicine, and among men and students from more affluent families. We also find some support for the neo-classical thesis insofar as students tended to score higher on the ethics and community measure than on the leadership and management measure. However, the largest number of students took positions consistent with the divergence thesis.
Mapping the Oxford Shoulder Score onto the EQ-5D utility index
Authors: Valsamis Epaminondas M. , Beard David , Carr Andrew , Collins Gary S. , Brealey Stephen , Rangan Amar , Santos Rita , Corbacho Belen , Rees Jonathan L. , Pinedo-Villanueva Rafael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
In order to enable cost-utility analysis of shoulder pain conditions and treatments, this study aimed to develop and evaluate mapping algorithms to estimate the EQ-5D health index from the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) when health outcomes are only assessed with the OSS.

Methods
5437 paired OSS and EQ-5D questionnaire responses from four national multicentre randomised controlled trials investigating different shoulder pathologies and treatments were split into training and testing samples. Separate EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L analyses were undertaken. Transfer to utility (TTU) regression (univariate linear, polynomial, spline, multivariable linear, two-part logistic-linear, tobit and adjusted limited dependent variable mixture models) and response mapping (ordered logistic regression and seemingly unrelated regression (SUR)) models were developed on the training sample. These were internally validated, and their performance evaluated on the testing sample. Model performance was evaluated over 100-fold repeated training–testing sample splits.

Results
For the EQ-5D-3L analysis, the multivariable linear and splines models had the lowest mean square error (MSE) of 0.0415. The SUR model had the lowest mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.136. Model performance was greatest in the mid-range and best health states, and lowest in poor health states.
For the EQ-5D-5L analyses, the multivariable linear and splines models had the lowest MSE (0.0241–0.0278) while the SUR models had the lowest MAE (0.105–0.113).

Conclusion
The developed models now allow accurate estimation of the EQ-5D health index when only the OSS responses are available as a measure of patient-reported health outcome.
Resilient entrepreneurs? — revisiting the relationship between the Big Five and self-employment
Authors: Runst Petrik , Thomä Jörg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Big Five personality traits and their influence on entrepreneurial action have been repeatedly studied using a trait-based approach. The present paper partly deviates from this perspective by analysing the role of personality prototypes in relation to entrepreneurship. This person-centred approach suggests that combinations of Big Five traits form individual personalities. By using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), we show that at least three prototypes can be identified, one of which — the resilient type — can be hypothesized to significantly increase the likelihood of entrepreneurial action. Our regression results provide evidence of a positive impact of this prototype on the likelihood of and transitioning into self-employment but not the likelihood of exit. We also show that the prototyping approach explains individual self-employment decisions over and above what can already be explained by the profiling approach, another person-centred Big Five approach. The paper concludes with implications for policy and research.
Automatic and controlled information processing in the context of students’ ethnic background and social status: An eye-tracking study
Authors: Tobisch Anita , Dresel Markus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBased on the continuum model of impression formation (Fiske & Neuberg, 1990), information processing can be more or less automated or controlled and thus relies more or less on stereotype-based or individual-based characteristics. Also, teachers’ impression formation can be influenced by social categories like students’ ethnic background or social status. However, when teachers form an impression of students’ abilities or performance social categories should not play a role. But a lot of empirical findings show that teachers make a difference depending on students’ backgrounds. Whether this can be explained by a more automated or controlled information processing depending on students’ backgrounds is still an open question. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate teacher students’ impression formation in dependence on students’ ethnic backgrounds and social status. In order to investigate whether information processing differs according to students’ ethnic backgrounds and social status, an experimental eye-tracking study with 45 teacher students was designed. As physiological processes are strongly connected to psychological processes, specific eye-movements can be interpreted as indicators for physiological arousal in first place, but might also allow conclusions about mental processes like information processing. Pupil diameter and blink rate were measured while participants read three case vignettes with manipulated student background. Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed differences in pupil diameter and blink rate according to students’ background. Results showed less arousal when forming an impression about students without immigrant background and with high social status compared to students with immigrant background and with low social status. This might indicate more automated information processing for non-immigrant students with high-status, and more controlled processing for students with immigrant background and low-status.