bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Placental Growth Factor, Neuropilin-1 and Neuropilin-2 in Primary Pterygium Tissue
Authors: Gundogan Ali Osman , Oltulu Refik , Belviranli Selman , Oltulu Pembe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Placental Growth Factor (PLGF), Neuropilin-1 (NP-1) and Neuropilin-2 (NP-2) molecules in the primary pterygium tissue compared with the normal conjunctival tissue.
Methods
The records of 42 patients who underwent excision surgery with autograft for primary pterygium (pterygium group) and 20 patients who underwent conjunctival nevus excision surgery (control group) in the same period were reviewed retrospectively. The samples obtained from the pterygium tissues in the pterygium group, and the clean conjunctival tissues adjacent to the nevus in the control group were collected from the archive. Immunohistochemical stains of the primary antibodies: 1/100 diluted PLGF, NP-1, and NP-2 (Abcam Cambridge Science Park, UK) were applied to all groups. Staining intensities and percentage of positive cells in epithelial, endothelial, stromal, and inflammatory cells were analyzed by an experienced pathologist.
Results
The positivity rates of PLGF and NP-2 expression in epithelial, endothelial, stromal, and inflammatory cells were found to be higher in the pterygium group compared with the control group (PLGF: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively; NP-2: p < 0.001, for all). Staining intensities for PLGF and NP-2 were higher in the pterygium group than in the control group (PLGF: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, respectively; NP-2: p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, no significant difference was found in all cell types in terms of NP-1 expression positivity rate (p = 0.730, p = 0.121, p = 0.524 and p = 0.624, respectively) and staining intensity (p = 0.716, p = 0.147, p = 0.147 and p = 0.780, respectively).
Conclusion
High levels of PLGF and NP-2 detected in pterygium tissue suggest that they may be future therapeutic targets in preventing pterygium progression and postoperative recurrence.
A cognitive behavioral treatment method for gaming disorder: pilot data findings from the GOT-TO-GO manual
Authors: Hofstedt Annika , Mide Mikael , Arvidson Elin , Ljung Sofia , Lindskog Amanda , Mattiasson Jessica , Gordh Anna Söderpalm 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Gaming disorder (GD) is a brand-new diagnosis included for the first time in the latest edition of the International Classification of Disease -11.
Recently conducted international studies suggest a prevalence rate close to 2% for GD, highlighting the need for effective treatments for this patient population. Internationally there are very few studies investigating effective treatments for this condition. In this pilot study, we wanted to test a newly developed method, the Swedish GOT-TO-GO manual; a 15-week cognitive behavioral therapy treatment for GD.
Method: This study utilized a single group design with pretest, post-test and a 3 and 6 month follow up with measures of severity of GD and mood. Patients (n=20) were treatment-seeking adults with GD (mean age 27).
Results: Results show a statistically significant decrease in symptoms of GD after treatment. Hours of gaming per week also decreased concomitant with a 100 % increase in non-gaming leisure hours. The decrease in symptoms of GD was sustained at follow up 6 months after treatment. Correspondingly we saw a decrease in depression that was sustained 6 months after treatment. The drop-out rate was 20% and we were able to recruit 20 patients during the study period.
Conclusion: As GD is a new diagnostic concept more research is needed to arrive at evidence-based conclusions on effective treatments. Considering the promising results in this small pilot study with large behavioral changes and reduced symptoms of GD, upheld at least 6 months after treatment, a larger randomized controlled study is warranted and considered to be feasible based on recruitment and drop-out rates.
Trial registration: CBT treatment of gaming disorder (IGD RCT), NCT05328596 Registered 14 April 2022 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT05328596?term=NCT05328596&draw=2&rank=1
Anthropogenic nest materials in two distinct populations of migratory bird in Europe.
Authors: Jagiello Zuzanna , Dylewski Łukasz , Aguirre Jose , Białas Joanna , Dylik Andrzej , Lopez-Garcia Alejandro , Kaługa Ireneusz , Olszewski Adam , Siekiera Joachim , Tobolka Marcin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transformation of natural habitats into farming lands and spread of built up areas has a pervasive effect on wildlife, especially for birds. Also, plastic pollution is affecting wildlife on a global scale. Discarded plastic is ubiquitous and accessible for birds, which can be incorporated in the nest structure. By now, a large collection of studies has been published regarding the anthropogenic nest material incorporation by birds. However, studies are predominately biased to marine birds. To balance this disproportion, we describe here the differences in type, prevalence and the amount of anthropogenic nest materials between two populations of terrestrial, mainly farmland bird, the white stork Ciconia ciconia on a broad geographical scale, from two migratory divides – eastern in Poland and western in Spain (in total 303 nests). We detected significant differences in anthropogenic nest material incorporation between two populations in regard to human pressure reflected by Human Footprint Index (HFI) and urbanisation level measured by Impervious Surface Areas (ISA). In Spanish population, we found that probability of anthropogenic nest material incorporation was positively related to ISA, and amount of anthropogenic nest material was positively associated to HFI, in contrast to Polish one, where there was no significant relationship. Moreover, we showed that the prevalence of nests with anthropogenic nest material was two times higher in Spanish than in Polish white stork population. This study demonstrates that the vulnerability to solid waste pollution differs on a population scale within one species.
Genetically predisposed motor bias drives individuality in vocal learning
Authors: Toji Noriyuki , Sawai Azusa , Wang Hongdi , Ji Yu , Sugioka Rintaro , Go Yasuhiro , Wada Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Individuality during learned behavior is observed across animal species, yet the biological bases underlying this process remain unclear. We utilized interspecific F1 hybrid songbirds possessing heterozygous genomes from Taeniopygia guttata and T. bichenovii to examine developmental neural mechanisms underlying individuality in vocal learning. When tutoring with songs of both parental species, F1 pupils showed vast individual differences in their acquired songs. Approximately 30% of F1 hybrids selectively learned either song of the two parental species, whereas others developed songs merged with the parental species’ traits. Individuality in song learning was formed due to inherent acoustic biases during vocal babbling. Furthermore, the glutamatergic neurons projecting from the cortical vocal output nucleus to the hypoglossal nuclei represented individually unique transcriptional signatures associated with individual differences in the song acoustic biases. These results indicate that a genetically predisposed motor bias is the origin of individuality in learning motor skills.
Helping General Dental Practitioners use the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need: An Assessment of the Easy IOTN App
Authors: Murray David , Sivamurthy Gautham , Mossey Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) defines who receives treatment on the NHS. The British Orthodontic Society developed the ‘Easy IOTN’ app to help the dental team use IOTN more effectively.
Aim:
This study aims to investigate the quality of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app and any alternative mobile apps developed to aid a dentist’s ability to use IOTN.
Materials and Method:
The App Store and Google Play were searched to identify available apps which provide an educational resource for IOTN. Any app identified was assessed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the Royal College of Physicians Health Informatics Unit Checklist. The ‘Easy IOTN’ app continuous professional development section was assessed for accuracy using a focus group.
Results:
Only the ‘Easy IOTN’ app was identified. It has a mean MARS score: 3.6. Significant inaccuracies were found within the CPD component of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app.
Discussion:
A mean MARS score: 3.6 is deemed average and is comparable to the quality of other orthodontic apps which exist. Errors contained within the CPD component could confuse users and have a negative impact on IOTN skill development.
Conclusions:
The educational component of the ‘Easy IOTN’ app is of an acceptable standard but the CPD section is flawed.
Severe Monkeypox Infection of the Eye and Periocular Region
Authors: Bacorn Colin , Majidi Shahriyar , Schultz Hannah , Eberhart Charles G. , Mahoney Nicholas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic infection with potentially severe ocular and periocular consequences, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Case Presentation: Two cases of monkeypox presenting in patients with AIDS are described. In the first case confluent lesions resulted in orbital compartment syndrome and total eyelid necrosis. In the second case eyelid involvement was accompanied by corneal melt and perforation. Despite aggressive treatment both patients developed permanent loss of vision and, in one case, death.
Conclusions: Many cases of ocular or periocular monkeypox are mild and self-limiting. In immunocompromised patients more severe disease may manifest and requires systemic as well as local ophthalmologic treatment.
Zinc Localization and Speciation in Rice Grain Under Variable Nutrient Limitation Conditions
Authors: Shen Yating , Wiita Elizabeth , Nghiem Athena A. , Liu Jingyu , Haque Ezazul , Austin Rachel N. , Seng Chheng Y , Phan Khongkea , Zheng Yan , Bostick Benjamin C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and Aims
Severely low soil nutrient status and malnutrition or "hidden hunger" are two serious global problems. The consumption of rice constitutes approximately 20% of human caloric intake. Trace elements like zinc (Zn) is essential nutrient for rice growth, and to the populations depend on rice staples. This research examines the speciation of Zn in rice, how that speciation is impacted by soil fertility and its potential effect on malnutrition.
Methods
The composition and Zn speciation of Cambodian rice grain is analyzed using synchrotron-based microprobe X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy (EXAFS).
Results
Zn levels in rice grain ranged between 15–30 mg kg-1 and were not correlated to Zn availability in soils. 72%-90% of Zn in rice grains is present as Zn-phytate, generally not bioavailable, while smaller quantities of Zn are bound as labile nicotianamine complexes, Zn minerals like ZnCO3 or thiols, using EXAFS method based on coordination numbers for Zn binding to oxygen and sulfur.
Conclusion
Zn speciation in rice grain is affected by nutrient limitation more than previously recognized. The Zn phytate concentration in rice grain was highest for rice produced in Zn-deficient soils, consistent with increased phytate production under nutrient limitation. Phytates are generally not bioavailable, so low soil Zn fertility may not only impact grain yields, but also decrease the fraction of bioavailable Zn in grain consumers. The reduced accessibility of human zinc due to low soil nutrient levels and its exacerbation of hidden hunger may require widespread global attention.
Genetic risk for severe mental illness does not influence adipose tissue functions.
Authors: Clarke Victoria E , Ward Joey , Havyarimana Enock , Lyall Donald M , Arner Peter , Dahlman Ingrind , Strawbridge Rona J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Psychiatric disorders are associated with an increased risk of metabolic diseases, including obesity. The aim of this study was to determine whether genetic variants associated with severe mental illness (individually or combined in polygenic risk scores) have significant associations with adipose tissue biology.
Methods: Adipose phenotypes, clinical and genetic data from was available from the participants of the GENiAL study. Summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium genome-wide association study meta-analyses were used to calculate polygenic risk scores for major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Individual genetic variants associated with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia were cross referenced for associations with adipose phenotypes – specifically adipocyte morphology (sample N=895), adipocyte number (sample N=896), spontaneous (sample N=856) and stimulated lipolysis (sample N=875). We used R to carry out linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, population structure and body mass index (BMI; where appropriate).
Results: There was no evidence that genetic variation associated with psychiatric disorders (individually or combined in polygenic risk scores) had significant effects on any adipose phenotypes.
Conclusions: This study suggests that genetic variation associated with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia does not have direct effects on adipocytes.
Photonic crystals with rainbow colors by centrifugation-assisted assembly of colloidal lig-nin nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Jinrong , Nero Mathias , Jansson Kjell , Wilhammar Tom , Sipponen Mika 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Photonic crystals are optical materials that are often fabricated by assembly of particles into periodically arranged structures. However, assembly of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) into close-packed structures has been limited due to lacking methods and incomplete understanding of the interparticle forces and packing mechanisms. Here we show a centrifugation-assisted fabrication of photonic crystals by classifying LNPs according to their particle size. Regardless of the initial broad size distribution of LNPs, centrifugation produced monodispersed particle layers that displayed gradient colors from red to violet in agreement with their size distribution and reflectance spectra. Each assembled layer of LNPs displayed semi-closed packing structures, which gave rise to coherent scattering and the resulting rainbow structural colors. In situ optical microscope images provided additional evidence on the importance of dynamic rearrangement of LNPs during their assemble into semi-closed packed structures. The preparation of LNPs combined with the methodology for their classification and assembly pave the way for a new generation of sustainable photonic crystals.
Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Following Moxibustion in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Qingping , Liang Lingyan , Lai Ziyan , Wei Yichen , Duan Gaoxiong , Lai Yinqi , Liu Peng , Deng Demao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Moxibustion has definite clinical effect in improving the cognitive condition of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, yet its potential neural mechanism remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate the changes of spontaneous brain activity and cognitive function in MCI patients with moxibustion treatment.
Methods
We enrolled a cohort of 30 MCI patients and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) in this study. MCI subjects were assigned to receive moxibustion treatment for two months. Based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging technique, we used regional homogeneity (ReHo) to evaluate changes in brain activity and Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to assess changes in the participants' cognitive performance.
Results
There existed aberrant ReHo values in different brain areas mainly involved in the default mode network (DMN) in MCI subjects compared with HCs. After moxibustion treatment, MCI subjects showed an inverse change in ReHo values from baseline in the hippocampus/parahippocampus and insula, as well as an increase ReHo value in the middle frontal gyrus. Furthermore, changes in ReHo values of the left hippocampus/parahippocampus and middle frontal gyrus correlated with cognitive improvement in MCI group.
Conclusion
Abnormal neural activity occurred in MCI subjects mainly within the DMN. Moxibustion therapy may improve the cognitive function of MCI subjects through regulating their brain activity, particularly reversing the neural activity of DMN and salience network at reset, and may hold great potential for the early intervention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Construction 3D-printing in reducing the incidence of long latency respiratory diseases among construction workers in the UK
Authors: G.A. Filip , F.H. Abanda , F. Azenwi Fru 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Onsite construction workers are exposed to many hazards which affect their body, but the ones which are sometimes overlooked are dust and silica dust inhalation, probably because it takes years to see the side effects. The damage inflicted to the lungs is irreversible and it is often discovered when it is too late. The aim of this research is to address the problem of occupational respiratory diseases among construction workers and investigate the potential of construction 3D printing in reducing the incidence of some of these diseases. The research objectives were to identify the causes of the most prevalent respiratory diseases in construction; to investigate the strategies of minimising onsite dust/ silica dust exposure; to investigate the benefits of 3D printing in the minimisation of onsite dust/ silica dust exposure; to explore the barriers of 3D printing in the minimisation of onsite dust/ silica dust exposure and to explore the strategies for wider adoption of construction 3D printing to minimise the incidence of long latency respiratory disease among construction workers. To achieve these objectives, a literature review was conducted, an online survey was carried out and professionals and researchers in the 3D printing field have been engaged in structured interviews to obtain relevant information to understand the intricacies of the new technology and its impact from a workers’ health perspective.
Brain dysfunction in gait disorders of Caribbean Atypical Parkinsonism and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy patients: a comparative study
Authors: Welter Marie-Laure , Vasseur Alexandre , Edragas Regine , Chaumont Hugo , Pineau Fanny , Mangone Graziella , Olivier Claire , Leber Isabelle , Rivaud-Pechoux Sophie , Lehericy Stéphane , Gallea Cecile , Yahia Lydia , Lannuzel Annie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Here, we characterised gait and balance disorders in 16 Caribbean AP patients (mean age = 64.3 ± 6.8 years, 9F/7M), which we compared to 15 PSP-RS patients (mean age = 66.2 ± 5.9 years, 6F/9M), and 17 controls (mean age = 64.6 ± 5.1 years, 12F/5M) (Table S1), using clinical scales and gait initiation recordings. We also recorded oculomotor parameters. We measured brain atrophy using MRI imagery to calculate the Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI 2.0)(5), and performed Voxel Based Morphometry (VBM) analysis of T1 images to examine the changes in the grey and white matter volumes (GMV and WMV). To analyse the link between brain atrophy and gait and balance disorders, we performed principal and multiple factor analysis, and multi-table Partial Least square correlations.
The extent of nitrogen isotopic fractionation in rumen bacteria is associated with changes in rumen nitrogen metabolism
Authors: Cantalapiedra-Hijar G. , Martinez-Fernandez G. , Forano E. , Denman S. , Morgavi D. P. , McSweeney C. S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nitrogen use is an important index of efficiency in ruminants and can be indirectly evaluated through the N isotopic discrimination between the animal and its diet (Δ15Nanimal-diet). Evidence also exists that the concentration and type of N may determine the extent of the N isotopic discrimination in bacteria. We hypothesised that the uptake and release of ammonia by rumen bacteria will have an impact on the natural 15N enrichment of the bacterial biomass over their substrates (Δ15Nbacteria-substrate) and thereby further impacting Δ15Nanimal-diet. To test this hypothesis, two independent in vitro experiments were conducted using two contrasting N sources (organic vs inorganic) at different levels either in pure rumen bacteria culture incubations (Experiment #1) or in mixed rumen cultures (Experiment #2). In experiment #1, Δ15Nbacteria-substrate was lowest when the ammonia-consumer bacterium F. succinogenes was grown on ammonium chloride, and highest when the proteolytic bacterial strain X. ruminicola was grown on tryptone. In experiment #2, Δ15Nbacteria-substrate was lower with inorganic (ammonium chloride) vs organic (peptone) N source. A strong negative correlation between Δ15Nbacteria-substrate and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, a potential fibrolytic rumen bacterium, was detected. Together, our results showed that Δ15Nbacteria-substrate may change according to the balance between synthesis of microbial protein from ammonia versus non-ammonia N sources and confirm the key role of rumen bacteria as modulators of Δ15Nanimal-diet.
Prevalence of genetic diamine oxidase (DAO) deficiency in women with fibromyalgia in Spain
Authors: Okutan Gülşah , Casares Eva Ruiz , Alcalde Teresa Perucho , Niño Guerthy Melissa Sánchez , Penadés Bruno F. , Lora Ana Terrén , Martin Ismael San Mauro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Diamine oxidase (DAO) is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of intestinal histamine. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the AOC1 gene are associated with low enzymatic activity or functionality in the metabolism of histamine. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of DAO deficiency for four variants of the AOC1 gene, p.Thr16Met (rs10156191), p.Ser332Phe (rs1049742), p.His664Asp (rs1049793) and c.691G > T (rs2052129) in Spanish women with fibromyalgia, as well as to compare the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies with European population samples in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) extracted from the ALFA (Allele Frequency Aggregator) database. The sample consisted of 98 Spanish women with fibromyalgia between 33 and 60 years old (48.5 years ± 7.5) DAO enzyme activity was determined by a sample of oral mucosa and a standard hygiene protocol was followed. The patients' DNA was extracted and the analysis of gene variants of interest was performed using SNPE Multiplex (Single Nucleotide Primer Extension). The prevalence of genetic DAO deficiency was 74.5% by the four variants of the AOC1 gene. The deficit for each SNP followed the following frequencies: p.Thr16Met (53.1%), c.691G > T (49%), p.His664Asp (48%) and p.Ser332Phe (19.4%). The allelic and genotypic prevalence of the variants had similar distributions of European population except for p.Ser332Phe. Variants of the AOC1 gene could be associated with genetic DAO deficiency and potential disruptive biomarker in fibromyalgia patients.