bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reinforcement learning‐based tracking control for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle under external disturbances
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Bo , Xiao Bing , Ran Dechao , Zhang Chengxi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the high‐accuracy intelligent trajectory tracking control problem of a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) subject to external disturbances. The tracking error systems are first reestablished by utilizing the feedforward control technique to compensate for the raw error dynamics of the quadrotor UAV. Then, two novel appointed‐fixed‐time observers are designed for the processed error systems to reconstruct the disturbance forces and torques, respectively. And the observation errors can converge to origin within the appointed time defined by users or designers. Subsequently, two novel control policies are developed utilizing reinforcement learning methodology, which can balance the control cost and control performance. Meanwhile, two critic neural networks are used to replace the traditional actor‐critic networks for approximating the solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations. More specifically, two novel weight update laws are developed. They can not only update the weights of the critic neural networks online, but also avoid utilizing the persistent excitation condition innovatively. And that the ultimately uniformly bounded stability of the whole control system is proved according to Lyapunov method by utilizing the proposed reinforcement learning‐based control polices. Finally, simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and superior performances of the developed control scheme.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Aromatic Thiadiazol Crown Ethers and Determination of Complexation Properties with Metal Ions by Application of Job′s Plot Method to Conductometry
Authors: Canbolat Musa , Çalışır Ümit , Çiçek Baki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe microwave‐assisted synthesis technique, one of the pioneers of green chemistry, was used to synthesize aromatic thiadiazole crown ethers in this study. Thiadiazole crown ethers were synthesized by the cyclization reaction of 2‐amino‐5‐mercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole and mono‐di‐tri‐tetra ethylene glycol dichloride compounds using the SN2 reaction mechanism in acetonitrile solvent and the presence of cesium carbonate base. FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, LC‐MS/MS spectroscopic techniques, and elemental analysis were used to characterize the synthesized compounds after purification. Furthermore, the conductivity behaviour of the synthesized compounds against metal salts (NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, ZnCl2, FeSO4, AgNO3, CoCl2) was determined using Job′s Plot technique, which was adapted to conductometry. Interactions between ligands and ions were investigated. According to conductometric data, thiadiazole crown ethers showed significant complexations; M1 and M4 with Ca2+, M2 with Fe2+, and M3 with Co2+ ions.
Guanylguanidines: Catalyst and Ligand for Organic Transformations
Authors: Bankar Apoorva A. , Kathuria Deepika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGuanylguanidines are well known for their wide range of therapeutic applications such as antidiabetic, anticancer, antifilarial, antitrypanosomal, antiaging, etc. Apart from this, they have been explored in the field of crystal engineering, organic synthesis as substrate, non‐linear optics etc. Their metal complexation ability and superbasic nature has paved their way in the field of organocatalysis. In the recent past, various guanylguanidine derivatives have been synthesized and have proven to be excellent catalysts in several organic reactions which include transesterification, C−C and C−N coupling, oxidation, reduction, Beckmann rearrangement etc. However, the limited studies call for more focused research in this direction to fasten the process of development of environmental‐friendly methods. In this review, a comprehensive and systematic discussion of guanylguanidine based catalysts and their applications in various organotransformations has been compiled and discussed meticulously. This review aims to highlight guanylguanidine moiety as a potential catalyst that can be utilized for design and development of novel guanylguanidine based catalysts.
Production of light olefins and C5+ hydrocarbons in the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis by using inorganic precursor
Authors: Saheli Sania , Reza Rezvani Ali , Moghaddami Ahmad , Dusek Michal , Samolova Erika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe role of the synthetic route in Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis (FTS) over the Ba−Co‐Mn catalysts was investigated in the fixed bed micro reactor. Synthesis of catalysts through inorganic complex [Ba0.5Co0.34Mn0.66(btc)2(H2O)5] (1) led to enhancement of the surface area and decreased particle sizes. Therefore, the catalytic activity of catalysts prepared this way was improved as well as their olefins and C5+ selectivity. The synthesised catalysts prepared by inorganic precursor had higher selectivity to heavier hydrocarbons at high pressure in comparison to lower pressure.
Preparation of Visible‐Light‐Driven Ag/BiVO4 Photocatalysts and Their Performance for Cr(VI) Reduction
Authors: Wang Wenqin , Zhao Yubao , Wang Ruibin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAg/BiVO4 that can serve as a visible light‐driven photocatalyst was synthesized by a simple one‐step hydrothermal method. The morphology and structure were analyzed by SEM and XRD, and the optical electrochemical properties were investigated by spectroscopic experiments. The experimental results found the introduction of Ag can significantly improve the photocatalytic performance of BiVO4 irradiated by a 10 W white LED. Among them, Ag/BiVO4(Ag : Bi=1 : 20) gives the best reduction activity: the reduction ratio of Cr(VI) hits 99.3 %. This result shows that the activity of BiVO4 for photocatalytic reduction of chromium can increase over 6‐fold by the introduction of Ag with a suitable amount. Exploration experiments of reusability show that the material has high photocatalytic performance.
Bacterial Pyruvate Kinase: A New Potential Target to Combat Drug‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections
Authors: Akunuri Ravikumar , Unnissa Tanveer , Vadakattu Manasa , Bujji Sushmitha , Mahammad Ghouse Shaik , Madhavi Yaddanapudi Venkata , Chopra Sidharth , Nanduri Srinivas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeverity of Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus ranges from trivial to spine chilling. Irrespective of multiple drugs availability to treat S. aureus infections, increase in drug‐resistance has led to the continuous emergence of resistant strains of all S. aureus including MRSA. Hence, there is an urgent unmet need for novel antibacterial agents to combat multi drug resistant infections which act through unexploited targets/mechanism. Bacterial pyruvate kinase (PK) is one such unique cytoplasmic enzyme crucial in carbohydrate metabolism. It exists in several microorganisms including Mycobacterium sp, P. falciparaum, T. gondii, L. mexicana, V. cholera, etc. In MRSA, PK is an important hub in protein‐protein network with more than 200 interacting partners in a large‐scale protein interaction analysis and might be less susceptible to genetic mutation and resistance due to the network centrality‐lethality criteria. Methicillin resistant S. aureus pyruvate kinase (SAPK) antisense and knockout tests revealed that it is required for growth of MRSA. In recent times, PKs gained attention as potential new targets to combat trypanosomal, leishmanial, malarial and viral infections. This review provides valuable insights about indole alkaloids from natural products and synthetic SAPK inhibitors along with their inhibitory properties against S. aureus and MRSA strains. This review also describes essential structural features and Structure‐Activity Relationship (SAR) for SAPK inhibition.
An integrative approach of the use of recycled concrete aggregate in high‐rise buildings: Example of the Elysium
Authors: Ulucan Muhammed , Alyamac Kursat Esat 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe primary purpose of this study is to examine in detail the mechanical, environmental, and economic properties of concrete produced using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in different ratios. This study used RCAs obtained from construction and demolition wastes (CDW) that emerged after the 24 January 2020 Sivrice‐Elazig earthquake to produce recycled aggregate concretes. The ultimate aim of this study is to determine the advantages and disadvantages of these structures in terms of mechanical, environmental, and economic properties if RCA will be used at certain rates in high‐rise private buildings built with natural aggregate concrete (NAC) in Elazig. For this purpose, concretes with all natural aggregates, all recycled aggregates, and both natural aggregates and recycled aggregates were produced. A mathematical model was developed using response surface method to predict the mechanical properties of recycled coarse aggregate concretes (RCACs) by utilizing the compressive strength values of the produced concretes. Then, the component amounts of RCACs, which have the same compressive strength as the compressive strength values of the NAC used in Elysium, which was chosen as a sample building in Elazig, were estimated. Considering the estimated component amounts, environmental impact assessments and feasibility analyses were made according to four different scenarios, including parameters such as cement amount, chemical additive amount, the cost difference between RCA‐natural coarse aggregate, and transportation distance. As a result of these evaluations and analyses, it was foresighted that using RCA would provide significant advantages in buildings produced using large amounts of concrete. This foresight is exemplified by the Elysium buildings. As a result, it was determined that the use of RCAs is appropriate, especially the concrete produced with aggregates obtained from CDW is more important for a sustainable environment, and the use of RCAs in high‐rise buildings built using large amounts of concrete can provide significant environmental and economic advantages.
N‐Heterocyclic Imine‐Stabilized Binuclear Tin(II) Cations: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Catalytic Application
Authors: Zhao Xuan‐Xuan , Kelly John A. , Kostenko Arseni , Fujimori Shiori , Inoue Shigeyoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe reaction of Cp*Sn[OTf] (Cp*=C5Me5; OTf=O3SCF3) with one equivalent of IPrNLi (IPrN=bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐iminato) resulted in the binuclear [OTf]‐bridged tin complex 1. Similarly, the [BF4]‐bridged bimetallic complex 2 was synthesized by the reaction of Cp*Sn[BF4] with IPrNLi (1 eq.). It was also possible to prepare 1 from 2 via an anion exchange reaction. The high‐yield conversion of 2 into the binuclear iodostannylene [IPrNSnI]2 3 was accomplished by treatment with LiI. The catalytic potential of 1 and 2 was demonstrated in the hydroboration of carbonyls.
Exclusive semileptonic B → πℓνℓ and Bs → Kℓνℓ decays through unitarity and lattice QCD
Authors: Martinelli Guido , Simula Silvano , Vittorio Ludovico 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element ∣Vub∣ is obtained from exclusive semileptonic B → πℓνℓ and Bs→ Kℓνℓ decays adopting the unitarity-based dispersion matrix approach for the determination of the hadronic form factors (FFs) in the whole kinematical range. We use lattice computations of the relevant susceptibilities and of the FFs in the large-q2 regime in order to derive their behavior in the low-q2 region without assuming any specific momentum dependence and without constraining their shape using experimental data. Then, we address the extraction of |Vub| from the experimental data, obtaining |Vub| = (3.62 ± 0.47) · 10−3 from B → π and |Vub| = (3.77 ± 0.48) · 10−3 from Bs→ K, which after averaging yield |Vub| = (3.69 ± 0.34) · 10−3. These results are compatible with the most recent inclusive value |Vub|incl = 4.13 (26) · 10−3 at the 1σ level. We also present purely theoretical estimates of the ratio of the τ/μ decay rates $$ {R}_{\pi (K)}^{\tau /\mu } $$

R

π

K

τ
/
μ

, the normalized forward-backward asymmetry $$ {\overline{\mathcal{A}}}_{FB}^{\ell, \pi (K)} $$

A
¯

FB

ℓ
,
π

K

and the normalized lepton polarization asymmetry $$ {\overline{\mathcal{A}}}_{\mathrm{polar}}^{\ell, \pi (K)} $$

A
¯

polar

ℓ
,
π

K

.
Quasi-sterile neutrinos from dark sectors. Part I. BSM matter effects in neutrino oscillations and the short-baseline anomalies.
Authors: Alves Daniele S. M. , Louis William C. , deNiverville Patrick G. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Quasi-sterile neutrinos are a natural consequence of dark sectors interacting with the Standard Model (SM) sector via neutrino- and vector-portals. Essentially, quasi-sterile neutrinos are light dark sector fermions with two generic properties: (i) they mix with the active neutrinos of the SM, and (ii) they are charged under a vector mediator that couples feebly to SM matter. Various interesting phenomenological consequences result from this class of particles. In this article, we investigate one such consequence: new, beyond the SM matter effects that can alter in-medium neutrino oscillations. In particular, for special windows of energy and matter densities, active neutrinos can resonantly oscillate into sterile neutrinos. We take advantage of this feature to build a quasi-sterile neutrino model that can explain the MiniBooNE and LSND anomalies, while remaining compatible with observations from long-baseline reactor- and accelerator-based neutrino experiments. This model is also likely compatible with the recent results reported by the MicroBooNE collaboration (albeit we cannot precisely quantify this claim due to a lack of information in MicroBooNE’s public data releases to date). Implications for solar neutrinos and νe disappearance searches are also briefly discussed.
The complete search for the supersymmetric Pati-Salam models from intersecting D6-branes
Authors: He Weikun , Li Tianjun , Sun Rui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe construct a systematic method to build all the possible three-family$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 supersymmetric Pati-Salam models from Type IIA orientifolds on 𝕋6/(ℤ2×ℤ2) with intersecting D6-branes, in which the SU(4)C×SU(2)L×SU(2)Rgauge symmetry can be broken down to the SU(3)C×SU(2)L×U(1)YStandard Model gauge symmetry by the D-brane splitting and supersymmetry preserving Higgs mechanism. This is essentially achieved by solving all the common solutions for three generation conditions, RR tadpole cancellation conditions, and$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 1 supersymmetry conditions with deterministic algorithm. We find that there are 202752 possible supersymmetric Pati-Salam models in total, and show that there are only 33 independent models with different gauge coupling relations at GUTs scale after modding out equivalent relations, such as T-dualities, etc. In particular, there is one and only one independent model which has gauge coupling unification. Furthermore, one can construct other types of intersecting D-brane models utilizing such deterministic algorithm, and therefore we suggest a brand new method for D-brane model building.
Narain CFTs and error-correcting codes on finite fields
Authors: Yahagi Shinichiro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We construct Narain CFTs from self-dual codes on the finite field Fp through even self-dual lattices for any prime p > 2. Using this correspondence, we can relate the spectral gap and the partition function of the CFT to the error correction capability and the extended enumerator polynomial of the code. In particular, we calculate specific spectral gaps of CFTs constructed from codes and compare them with the largest spectral gap among all Narain CFTs.
Quantitative mapping of mercury and selenium in mushroom fruit bodies with laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
Authors: Braeuer Simone , Van Helden Tom , Van Acker Thibaut , Leroux Olivier , Van Der Straeten Dominique , Verbeken Annemieke , Borovička Jan , Vanhaecke Frank 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work describes the development of a novel method for quantitative mapping of Hg and Se in mushroom fruit body tissues with laser ablation coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). Different parameters of the protocol for preparation of the standards used for quantification via external calibration were assessed, e.g., the dissolution temperature of gelatin standards and the addition of chitosan and l-cysteine as additives to the gelatin-based calibration droplets to better match the sample matrix. While chitosan was not suited for this purpose, the presence of l-cysteine considerably improved the figures of merit of the calibration, leading to limits of detection of 0.006 and 0.3 µg g−1 for Hg and Se, respectively, at a pixel size of 20 × 20 µm. Further, an in-house reference material, ideally suited for the validation of the method for application to mushroom samples, was successfully prepared from a paste of Boletus edulis. The newly developed method was used to investigate the distribution of Hg and Se in tissue sections of five porcini mushroom individuals of three different species (Boletus edulis, Boletus aereus, and Boletus pinophilus) and one sample of a parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera). For one sample, additional areas were ablated at higher spatial resolution, with a laser spot size down to 5 µm, which allows a detailed investigation of the spatial distribution of Hg and Se in mushrooms.
Graphical abstract
Comparing lesion and feature selections to predict progression in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients with FDG PET/CT radiomics features
Authors: Eertink Jakoba J. , Zwezerijnen Gerben J. C. , Cysouw Matthijs C. F. , Wiegers Sanne E. , Pfaehler Elisabeth A. G. , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , van der Holt Bronno , Hoekstra Otto S. , de Vet Henrica C. W. , Zijlstra Josée M. , Boellaard Ronald 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Biomarkers that can accurately predict outcome in DLBCL patients are urgently needed. Radiomics features extracted from baseline [18F]-FDG PET/CT scans have shown promising results. This study aims to investigate which lesion- and feature-selection approaches/methods resulted in the best prediction of progression after 2 years.

Methods
A total of 296 patients were included. 485 radiomics features (n = 5 conventional PET, n = 22 morphology, n = 50 intensity, n = 408 texture) were extracted for all individual lesions and at patient level, where all lesions were aggregated into one VOI. 18 features quantifying dissemination were extracted at patient level. Several lesion selection approaches were tested (largest or hottest lesion, patient level [all with/without dissemination], maximum or median of all lesions) and compared to the predictive value of our previously published model. Several data reduction methods were applied (principal component analysis, recursive feature elimination (RFE), factor analysis, and univariate selection). The predictive value of all models was tested using a fivefold cross-validation approach with 50 repeats with and without oversampling, yielding the mean cross-validated AUC (CV-AUC). Additionally, the relative importance of individual radiomics features was determined.

Results
Models with conventional PET and dissemination features showed the highest predictive value (CV-AUC: 0.72–0.75). Dissemination features had the highest relative importance in these models. No lesion selection approach showed significantly higher predictive value compared to our previous model. Oversampling combined with RFE resulted in highest CV-AUCs.

Conclusion
Regardless of the applied lesion selection or feature selection approach and feature reduction methods, patient level conventional PET features and dissemination features have the highest predictive value.
Trial registration number and date: EudraCT: 2006–005174-42, 01–08-2008.
Criteria for Preliminary Risk Assessment of Brownfield Site: An International Survey of Experts
Authors: Mahammedi Charf , Mahdjoubi Lamine , Booth Colin , Bowman Russell , Butt Talib E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractComprehensive risk assessment of brownfield sites requires a broad range of knowledge and multi-disciplinary expertise. Whilst the identification of criteria requirements for preliminary risk assessment has received some attention, there appears to be no studies that have specifically examined professional perspectives relating to these requirements. Yet, variations in professional practitioners’ assessments may have significant consequences for the assessment of risks, and how the criteria are imparted to stakeholders. This study aims to identify the criteria requirements for preliminary risk assessment, using the pollutant linkage model (Source–Pathway–Receptor), and explores cross-disciplinary professional perspectives related to these requirements. To this end, this study commenced with a systematic review to identify various criteria streams required for the preliminary risk assessment of brownfield sites. Thereafter, a questionnaire survey was design and shared with brownfield site professionals. Quantitative analysis of the survey responses (n = 76) reveals disciplines have markedly different priorities relating to the same hazard. For instance, geophysicists, geochemists, and hydrologists do not raise concerns regarding ground movement that can result from the removal of storage and tanks, whilst the same hazard was considered as having a high importance by other professions (such as geologists and geotechnical engineers). This example, amongst others revealed in the study, underpins potential issues and implications for various stakeholders compiling and/or using preliminary risk assessment criteria. This study clarifies both the key criteria requirements for the preliminary risk assessment of brownfield sites, as well as the importance of recognising how variation in professionals’ perceptions plays in the risk assessment process. Although, specialist knowledge is essential for brownfield site investigation, so is the maintaining a broad-based view of other experts coming from different backgrounds, as this renders holistic risk assessment insights.