bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long sleep duration is associated with incident sarcopenia after two years in community- dwelling older men
Authors: Lee Hyona , Kim Sunyoung , Kim BS , Kim Miji , Yang JS , Bae HH , Won Chang Won 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia, a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving accelerated loss of muscle mass and muscle function, is a common condition in older individuals. This study aims to determine whether sleep latency and duration are independently associated with incident sarcopenia and to explore sex differences in these associations.Methods: A two-year longitudinal analysis of cohort study data was conducted. The sample was 70-84 years old community-dwelling participants in the Korea Frailty and Aging Cohort Study at baseline survey in 2016-2017 who completed the follow-up survey after 2 years. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for sarcopenia and sarcopenia components. Sarcopenia was defined using the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines.Results: Among 1,353 non-sarcopenic participants in the baseline survey, 1,160 participants were classified as non-sarcopenic (85.8%) and 193(14.2%) as sarcopenic after 2 years. Long sleep duration (> 8 hours per night) was associated with incident sarcopenia in men (OR = 2.410 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.125-5.166) after adjusting for confounding factors). Long sleep duration was specifically associated with development of low skeletal muscle mass and low muscle strength in men; adjusted ORs were 2.163 (95% CI 1.016-4.605) and 2.695 (95% CI 1.130-6.431), respectively. There was no significant association between sleep latency and sarcopenia in men (OR 1.014; 95% CI 0.505-2.036). For women, long sleep duration (OR 2.093; 95% CI 0.753-5.812) and sleep latency (OR 0.674; 95% CI 0.351-1.296) were not associated with sarcopenia.Conclusion: In men, long sleep duration was associated with incident sarcopenia, specifically the development of low muscle mass and low muscle strength, but not with low gait speed. In contrast, there was no such association for women.
Study on the movement characteristics and predicted prevention effect of debris flow in Zile Valley, Ganluo, Sichuan, China
Authors: Qiu Enxi , Wang Bin , Sun Xiwang , Zhang Rui , Qu Mengfei , Wan Xusheng , He Jianjun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ganluo County is located in the southwestern part of Sichuan Province in China. It has strong geological tectonic movement, strong earthquake affected area and frequent debris flow disasters. There are two huge debris flows occurred in Zile Valley of Ganluo County in 1987 and 2019, a large amount of debris flow deposits went down the valley, destroyed the buildings at the mouth of the valley, causing huge property damage to local residents. In this regard, based on data of field survey and UAV aerial photography, the Arcgis and Massflow software were used to invert and analyze the movement characteristics of the debris flows occurred in 1987 and 2019, and the future activity characteristics of the valley are predicted. The results show that if the debris flow breaks out in the valley again based on the existing sources, the maximum mud depth will reach to 11.9m, the flow intensity will reach to 123.37m2/s, the total volume of material flushed out is 11.18×104m3 and the accumulation fan area is 6.925×104m2. However, after adopting reasonable engineering measures, the maximum mud depth is reduced to 8.5m, the flow intensity is reduced by 52.7% to 58.32m2/s, the accumulation fan area is reduced by 80% to 1.406×104m2 and the total volume of material flushed out is reduced by 75% to 2.75×104m3. This shows that the use of retaining measures to control the debris flow in Zile Valley can achieve good results.
Tailoring of Solidification and Crystallization Behaviour of Blast Furnace Slag for Developing Glass-Ceramics during Melt Cooling
Authors: Ayyandurai Ammasi , Prasad Anil , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In an attempt to develop glass ceramics during the direct cooling of molten blast furnace (BF) slag, its solidification and crystallisation behaviour are studied using the JMAK model and experimental techniques. The maximum rate of crystallisation occurs at a higher heating rate (20⁰C /min). Mould materials (copper, iron, graphite and sand mould) with different thermal conductivity are used to control the cooling rate of molten slag. XRD shows that, in the slowest cooled sample, gehlenite, akermanite and calcium aluminium magnesium silicate (CaMg2Al16O27) is formed as a crystalline phase (80 %) while the fasting cooling sample produces a 98 % glassy phase. SEM studies show that the growth and morphology of mineral phases are a function of cooling rate. Glass-ceramics with 50 % crystalline and 50 % glass phase can be produced by direct cooling in the mould materials, which has a thermal conductivity of 20-30 W/mK with a cooling rate of 120-150 K/min.
A mechanistic approach to predict cutting forces based on cutting force coefficients in slot milling Al-7075
Authors: Mali Rahul A , Chinchanikar Satish , Gupta T. V. K. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The force in metal cutting is a crucial factor that determines surface quality, tool wear, and cutting stability. It has a significant role in defining the power requirement, machine and cutting tool specifications which govern the overall machining time and cost. In this study, a force prediction approach is presented using cutting force coefficients evaluated in slot milling Al-7075 based on Taguchi's design of experiments. The adopted mechanistic approach is the inverse way to evaluate milling forces by solving the analytical models using known (measured) cutting force data. A total of 27 slot milling experiments are performed by varying the speed, feed and cutting depth to get the main effect plots considering mean values of feed and cutting forces. These plots show a strong linear correlation between feed per tooth and milling forces. Accordingly, the linear force components (Fic and Fie) and corresponding cutting force coefficients (Kic, and Kie,) are evaluated considering analogy with an equation of line. The shearing action in metal cutting is represented by shear force coefficients and plowing, friction, and rubbing action is reflected with friction/edge force coefficients. Subsequently, the forces in milling are estimated based on these force coefficients for predefined input parameters. The force coefficients and corresponding forces are also evaluated using classical mechanistic approach and results are compared. The accuracy of presented approach is verified through confirmation tests showing approximately 5 % average error compared to experimentally measured forces.
Influence of Multi-Modal Warning Interface on Takeover Efficiency of Autonomous High-Speed Train
Authors: Jing Chunhui , Dai Haohong , Yao XING , Chen Yaodong , Zhi Jinyi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As a large-scale public transport mode, the driving safety of high-speed rail has a profound impact on public health. In this study, we determined the most efficient multi-modal warning interface for automatic driving of a high-speed train and put forward suggestions for optimization and improvement. Forty-eight participants were selected, and a simulated 350 km/h high-speed train driving experiment equipped with a multi-modal warning interface was carried out. Then, the parameters of eye movement and behavior were analyzed by independent sample Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the current level 3 warning visual interface of a high-speed train had the most abundant warning graphic information, but it failed to increase the takeover efficiency of the driver. The visual interface of the level 2 warning was more likely to attract the attention of drivers than the visual interface of the level 1 warning, but it still needs to be optimized in terms of the relevance of and guidance between graphic-text elements. The multi-modal warning interface had a faster response efficiency than the single-modal warning interface. The auditory-visual multi-modal interface had the highest takeover efficiency and was suitable for the most urgent (level 3) high-speed train warning. The introduction of an auditory interface could increase the efficiency of a purely visual interface, but the introduction of a tactile interface did not improve the efficiency. These findings can be used as a basis for the interface design of automatic driving high-speed trains and help improve the active safety of automatic driving high-speed trains, which is of great significance to protect the health and safety of the public.
Experimental and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modeling of instream vegetation hydrodynamic resistance
Authors: Afzal Ahmed , Valyrakis Manousos , Ghumman Abdul Razzaq , Farooq Rashid , Pasha Ghufran Ahmed , Janjua Shahmir , Raza Ali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present study investigates the effect of upstream structure on the bulk drag coefficient of vegetation experimentally by placing an embankment model with or without moat/depression upstream of the vegetation. The results indicate that in the presence of the upstream structure, the bulk drag coefficient of vegetation is decreased because the upstream structure shares the drag with vegetation. Further, it is noticed that by placing only the embankment on the upstream side, the maximum decrease in the bulk drag coefficient is 11%, and by placing both embankment and moat models on the upstream side of the vegetation, a 20% decrease in the bulk drag coefficient is observed. Based on the variables affecting the bulk drag coefficient, regression models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models are developed to predict the bulk drag coefficient. The results from five ANN models with different training functions are compared to find the best possible training function. The coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Sum of Square Error (SSE), Mean absolute error (MAE), and Taylor's diagrams are used to evaluate the performance of ANN modeling techniques. The ANN model having nine neurons in each hidden layer, performs best among the five models, as this model shows the optimal values for the performance indicators, such as the highest R2 and NSE, and minimum values for the RMSE, SSE, and MAE. Finally, the comparison between the regression model and the ANN model shows that the best ANN model, achieving R2 values of 0.99 and 0.98 for the training and validation subsets, outperforms the regression models.
Knowledge, attitudes and acceptance of voluntary medical male circumcision among males attending high school in Shiselweni region, Eswatini: a cross sectional study
Authors: Shezi Mirriam Hlelisani , Tlou Boikhutso , Naidoo Saloshni 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background In countries such as Eswatini, where there is a high HIV prevalence and low male circumcision the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme for HIV/AIDS recommend infant and adult circumcision be implemented. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and acceptability of voluntary medical male circumcision amongst males attending high school in Eswatini. MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted during February and March of 2018 amongst 407 young males (15-21 years) attending Form 4, in nine high schools in the Shiselweni region of Eswatini using a self-administered questionnaire of 42 close ended questions. Sociodemographic details, circumcision status, acceptance of voluntary medical male circumcision, knowledge and attitude scores analysed in Stata® 14 statistical software were described using frequencies, medians and ranges respectively. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression was used to assess the impact of independent variables on circumcision status and acceptance of voluntary medical male circumcision. The level of statistical significance was p<0.05ResultsAmongst the 407 high school-going males, 48.98% (n= 201) reported being circumcised. The majority of the adolescents (75.74%; n= 306) were knowledgeable about voluntary medical male circumcision. However, an even larger majority (84.90% (n= 343) had a negative attitude towards it. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, having parented their own children (OR: 3.55; 95%CI: 1.2 – 10.48), and having circumcised friends (OR: 3.99; 95%CI: 1.81 -8.84) were significantly associated with being circumcised. Neither knowledge nor attitude were associated with the acceptability of voluntary medical male circumcision.ConclusionIn Eswatini male high school students are knowledgeable about voluntary medical male circumcision, but have a negative attitude towards it. Having parented their own children, and having circumcised friends influenced being circumcised.
Mycorrhiza and Silicon Influence Glycyrrhiza glabra L. under Water-deficit; Antioxidant Activity, Medicinal Metabolites and Mineralogical Analysis
Authors: Haghighi Tahereh Movahhed , Saharkhiz Mohammad Jamal , Zarei Mehdi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:Exogenous application of silicon (Si) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help plants cope with drought stress. An experiment was designed with two Si solute levels in irrigation water (i.e. 0 (Si0) and 300 mg/L (Si1)), two levels of AMF inoculation (i.e. inoculation with Claroiedoglomus etunicatum (F1) and without inoculation (F0)), and five soil moisture regimes (i.e. 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20% of field capacity (FC). After two months, the licorice roots were harvested and analyzed.ResultsUnder water deficit conditions, there were significant decreases in root length and dry weight (DW) (p < 0.05), compared to the control. Si and AMF could significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced root area (47.75-150.64 cm2) under all irrigation levels. The maximum glycyrrhizic acid (26.62 mg/g DW) was achieved by the interaction between Si and AMF in response to 40% FC. A reduction in total flavonoids and phenolics of licorice was observed under severe drought levels; however, the Si and AMF acted to increase sinapic acid (16.46 mg/g DW), and trans ferulic acid (1.11 mg/g DW) in roots. The results indicated that the interaction between Si and AMF positively affected nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in roots (53.51 and 74.07%, respectively). Also, there was an increase in potassium concentration in response to 100, 80, and 40% FC among Si-treated plants (38.5–44.7%).ConclusionIn conclusion, the exogenous application of Si and AMF showed a synergistic impact on the ability to mitigate the adverse effects of drought stress by improving plant growth and enhancing metabolite accumulation in licorice.
Circulating metabolites modulated by diet are causally associated with depression
Authors: Amin Najaf , Spek Ashley van der , Stewart Isobel , Kühnel Brigitte , Pietzner Maik , Alshehri Tahani , Gauß Friederike , Hysi Pirro , Dehkordi Siamak Mahmoudian , Heinken Almut , Luik Annemarie , Ladwig Karl-Heinz , Kastenmüller Gabi , Menni Cristina , Hertel Johannes , Ikram M. Arfan , de Mutsert Renée , Suhre Karsten , Gieger Christian , Strauch Konstantin , Völzke Henry , Meitinger Thomas , Mangino Massimo , Flaquer Antonia , Waldenberger Melanie , Peters Annette , Thiele Ines , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima , Dunlop Boadie , Rosendaal Frits , Wareham Nick , Spector T , Kunze Sonja , Grabe Hans , Mook-Kanamori Dennis , Langenberg Claudia , Duijn Cornelia van 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metabolome reflects the interplay of genome and exposome at molecular level and thus can provide deep insights into the pathogenesis of a complex disease like major depression. To identify metabolites associated with depression we performed a metabolome-wide association analysis in 13,596 participants from five European population-based cohorts characterized for depression, and circulating metabolites using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS) based Metabolon platform. We tested 806 metabolites covering a wide range of biochemical processes including those involved in lipid, amino-acid, energy, carbohydrate, xenobiotic and vitamin metabolism for their association with depression. In a conservative model adjusting for life style factors and cardiovascular and antidepressant medication use we identified 8 metabolites, including 6 novel, significantly associated with depression. In individuals with depression, increased levels of retinol (vitamin A), 1-palmitoyl-2-palmitoleoyl-GPC (16:0/16:1) (lecithin) and mannitol/sorbitol and lower levels of hippurate, 4-hydroxycoumarin, 2-aminooctanoate (alpha-aminocaprylic acid), 10-undecenoate (11:1n1) (undecylenic acid), 1-linoleoyl-GPA (18:2) (lysophosphatidic acid; LPA 18:2) are observed. These metabolites are either directly food derived or are products of host and gut microbial metabolism of food-derived products. Hippurate and mannitol/sorbitol have previously been consistently associated with depression. Our Mendelian randomization analysis suggests that low hippurate levels are causally related to depression. Further analysis of dietary sources of the metabolites in the UK Biobank reveals that increased vitamin A intake may also have causal implications for major depression. Our findings highlight putative actionable targets for depression prevention that are easily modifiable through diet interventions.
The neighborhood effects on the online financial investment of rural households: Evidence from China
Authors: Han Kefei , zhao Yuan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Neighborhood effects are a common strategy for rural households to deal with irrational situations such as deficient information and ability. Based on the 2019 CHFS survey data, our paper explores whether neighborhood effects exist in the online financial investment of rural households. We find that: (1) There exists significant neighborhood effects on online financial investment by rural households. (2) Heterogeneity analysis shows that neighborhood effects are stronger among women, the younger, and low-income rural households. (3) Through the multiple mediation model, we proved that the neighborhood effects on online financial investment of the peasant household work by the financial knowledge spillover and risk-taking enhancement. Our study conduces to a better understanding of the financial decision-making of rural households, which may provide a practical implication for the popularization of new financial products and the optimal design of policy interventions.JEF: D14 G11
What should be considered when studying the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on neonatal gut microbiota
Authors: Liu Cheng , Zheng Wei , Wang Jia , Wang Aili , Yuan Xianxian , Zhang Yuan , Wang Yuanyuan , Ma Xu , Li Guanghui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has suggested that maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could influence the neonatal gut microbiota. However, the neonatal initial microbial colonization is still unclear. The discrepancy in results between studies may be due to many other prenatal factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that cannot be ignored when studying the influence of GDM on neonatal gut microbiota.Methods: This nested case-control study was based upon a mother and child cohort (2016YFC1000304). Meconium samples were collected from neonates of mothers with (n=114) and without GDM (n=133) within 24 hours after birth. The meconium was assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Differences in diversity and composition were compared according to maternal GDM status and other perinatal characteristics. Results: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum of the neonatal gut microbiota in our cohort. Gut microbiota in neonates born to GDM mothers exhibited a lower alpha diversity. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) showed that meconium samples were clustered primarily by the mother GDM status. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) revealed that 81 taxa were found to be significantly different between the GDM group and the control group. Delivery mode contributes 226 significant representative taxa in the control group, while in the GDM group, there were no significant representative taxa according to delivery mode. In addition, neonatal gender contributes 79 significant representative taxa in the GDM group and 7 in the control group. Other perinatal characteristics, such as maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, age, gestational weight gain and birth weight can also influence the differential taxa of neonatal gut microbiota between the two groups. Conclusion: Newborns from GDM mothers and normoglycemic mothers shared a similar composition but a different abundance of gut microbiota in our cohort. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, age, gestational weight gain and neonatal delivery mode, gender, birth weight caused different influences on the diversity and differential taxa of neonatal gut microbiota. The results in this study suggest that when studying the influences of GDM on neonatal gut microbiota, it is necessary to consider the concomitant perinatal characteristics.
A J-shaped Relationship Between Triglyceride to High-Density LipoproteinCholesterol Ratio and Diabetes Risk in Japanese: A Secondary Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Wang Changming , Xuan Xiuping , Xiaoning Zhong , Xie Zhouni , Qiu Yuanyuan , Qin Huiping 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Abnormal lipid metabolism is known to increases the risk for metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). The relationship between baseline ratio of triglyceride to HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) and T2DM in Japanese adults was investigated in this study.Methods: Our secondary analysis included 8419 male and 7034 female Japanese subjects who were free of diabetes at baseline. The correlation between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM was analyzed by a proportional risk regression model, the nonlinear correlation between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM was analyzed by a generalized additive model (GAM), and the threshold effect analysis was performed by a segmented regression model. We conducted subgroup analyses in different populationsResults: During the median 5.39 years follow-up, 373 participants, 286 males and 87 females, developed diabetes mellitus. After full adjustment for confounders, the baseline TG/HDL-C ratio positively correlated with the risk of diabetes (hazard ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.3), and smoothed curve fitting and two-stage linear regression analysis revealed a J-shaped relationship between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM. The inflection point for baseline TG/HDL-C was 0.35. baseline TG/HDL-C>0.35 was positively associated with the development of T2DM (hazard ratio 1.2, 95% confidence interval 1.10-1.31). Subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in the effect between TG/HDL-C and T2DM in different populations.Conclusion：A J-shaped relationship was observed between baseline TG/HDL-C and T2DM risk in the Japanese population. When TG/HDL-C was higher than 0.35, there was a positive relationship between baseline TG/HDL-C and the incidence of diabetes mellitus.