bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mixture Aqueous Extracts from Oxalis corniculata L. and Acmella caulirhiza Delile Accelerates Bone Healing in Fractured Rats
Authors: Ngueguim Florence Tsofack , Jouonzo Josiane , Donfack Jean Hubert , Gounoue Raceline Kamkumo , Djientcheu Jean Philippe , Djouwoug Clarice Noussi , Ngapout Fifen Rodrigue , Djomeni Dzeufiet Paul Desire , Dimo Théophile 
Published: March 2022

Background: Bone fracture is a condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone due to traumatic or pathological factors. Fracture management includes orthopedic, surgical, non-surgical techniques and drug treatments. However, these treatments possess a limitation. Facilitating bone healing process reduce the cost, the time of treatment and is also beneficial for a quick recovery of the patient. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the mixture aqueous extracts from Oxalis corniculata and Acmella caulirhiza on the bone formation.
Methodology: Wistar female rats were fractured using a drill machine by inserting a drill bit in the femur diaphysis. Fractured animals were subdivided into five groups. One group receiving palm oil, four groups receiving the mixture of plant extracts at the doses of 150, 300, 600 mg/kg or diclofenac at the dose of 357 mg/kg. Substances were given via percutaneous and oral routes for two weeks. At the end of the experimental period, bones were collected and homogenized for the evaluation of the following biochemical parameters: alkaline phosphatase (ALP); reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrites, superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1β and interleukin-6. Moreover, histomorphometry of the bone at the fracture site was realized.
Results: Percutaneous treatment with the plant extracts resulted in a significant increase of ALP activity (p<0.05) in fractured rats as compared to the control. The mixture extracts also alleviated the fracture-induced oxidative stress by increasing the concentrations of GSH and nitrites; SOD and catalase activities. Furthermore, the plant extracts improved deregulated cytokines observed in fractured bone. Histopathological examination showed a more pack-like structure with a significant decrease in trabeculae number, trabecular interspace with the increase in the bone thickness.
Conclusion: The mixture aqueous extracts from Oxalis corniculata and Acmella caulirhiza possesses bone healing effect due to its ability to alleviate oxidative stress, regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve the structure of the new bone formed.
Assessment of Patient’s Satisfaction about the Availability of Medicines at Hospital and Cost Affordability: A Study Protocol
Authors: Pariyal Priyanka S. , Jain Ahmindra , Gudhe Vandana 
Published: March 2022

Background: Consumer satisfaction towards pharmacy services is an essential instrument for measuring the quality of pharmacy services offered to patients and the distribution of pharmacy care in hospitals. The obstacles to better health care services are inadequate access to quality drugs, high drug rates, poor education and lack of access to qualified health professional. Patients who are happy with the pharmaceutical provider are more likely to take medications properly and are less likely to replace health care providers. High quality of pharmaceutical service is required in order to sustain a consistent relationship with patient needs. This study aims to assess the patient’s satisfaction about the pharmacy services, availability of drugs/medicines and its cost affordability at AVBR Hospital Wardha.
Methodology: This will be a descriptive cross-sectional research conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. Patients will be randomly selected and structured questionnaire will be administered with patients and pharmacists. The collected data will be analysed with suitable statistical tests.
Results: Result will reflect the patient satisfaction level with pharmacy services provided at hospital pharmacy and retail pharmacy of AVBRH.
Conclusion: Conclusions will be drawn on careful analysis of results.
Evaluation of Antiasthmatic Activity of Eraippu Noi Chooranam (ENC)
Authors: Hazel A. M. Amala , Mahalakshmi V. , Patturayan R. , Meenakumari R. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Every human race has its own traditional system of medicines. Siddha system of medicine is unique and ancient of its kind originating from Tamil Nadu in India. Siddha system could be considered as the crown of all the traditional arts of the ancient Tamil. Eraippu Noi Chooranam is a modified Siddha Poly Herbal formulation indicated for respiratory diseases in the text Siddha research pharmacopoeia. The indicated traditional claim enforced to evaluate its efficacy in the management of Bronchial asthma.
Aim and Objective: The aim of study is to evaluate the anti asthmatic activity of ENC in Bronchial asthma.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, aqueous extract of ENC was evaluated for its anti asthmatic activity using histamine induced bronchospasm, in guinea pig at different dose levels.
Results: The test drug ENC at all the three doses of 100,200,300 mg/kg p.o significantly (p<0.01) increased the latent period of convulsions following exposure to histamine aerosol when compared to control. The percentage of protection by the standard drug was 82.8 % whereas the protection offered by ENC at 100,200 and 300 mg/kg was found to be 61.5%, 71.1% and 80% respectively. High dose of ENC offered highest protection which was comparable to standard.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that aqueous extract of ENC may be used in the management of asthma.
Plasmonic Nanostructure Engineering with Shadow Growth
Authors: Han Jang‐Hwan , Kim Doeun , Kim Juhwan , Kim Gyurin , Fischer Peer , Jeong Hyeon‐Ho 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhysical shadow growth is a vacuum deposition technique that permits a wide variety of 3D‐shaped nanoparticles and structures to be fabricated from a large library of materials. Recent advances in the control of the shadow effect at the nanoscale expand the scope of nanomaterials from spherical nanoparticles to complex 3D shaped hybrid nanoparticles and structures. In particular, plasmonically active nanomaterials can be engineered in their shape and material composition so that they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Here, the recent progress in the development of shadow growth techniques to realize hybrid plasmonic nanomaterials is discussed. The review describes how fabrication permits the material response to be engineered and highlights novel functions. Potential fields of application with a focus on photonic devices, biomedical, and chiral spectroscopic applications are discussed.
Adaptive Biosensing and Neuromorphic Classification Based on an Ambipolar Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductor
Authors: Zhang Yanxi , van Doremaele Eveline R. W. , Ye Gang , Stevens Tim , Song Jun , Chiechi Ryan C. , van de Burgt Yoeri 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrganic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) are central to bioelectronic applications such as biosensors, health‐monitoring devices, and neural interfaces, and have facilitated efficient next‐generation brain‐inspired computing and biohybrid systems. Despite these examples, smart and adaptive circuits that can locally process and optimize biosignals have not yet been realized. Here, a tunable sensing circuit is shown that can locally modulate biologically relevant signals like electromyograms (EMGs) and electrocardiograms (ECGs), that is based on a complementary logic inverter combined with a neuromorphic memory element, and that is constructed from a single polymer mixed conductor. It is demonstrated that a small neuromorphic array based on this material effects high classification accuracy in heartbeat anomaly detection. This high‐performance material allows for straightforward monolithic integration, which reduces fabrication complexity while also achieving high on/off ratios with excellent ambient p‐ and n‐type stability in transistor performance. This material opens a route toward simple and straightforward fabrication and integration of more sophisticated adaptive circuits for future smart bioelectronics.
Acoustofluidic Stimulation of Functional Immune Cells in a Microreactor
Authors: Kim Seunggyu , Nam Hyeono , Cha Beomseok , Park Jinsoo , Sung Hyung Jin , Jeon Jessie S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe cytotoxic response of natural killer (NK) cells in a microreactor to surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is investigated, where the SAWs produce an acoustic streaming flow. The Rayleigh‐type SAWs form by an interdigital transducer propagated along the surface of a piezoelectric substrate in order to allow the dynamic stimulation of functional immune cells in a noncontact and rotor‐free manner. The developed acoustofluidic microreactor enables a dynamic cell culture to be set up in a miniaturized system while maintaining the performance of agitating media. The present SAW system creates acoustic streaming flow in the cylindrical microreactor and applies flow‐induced shear stress to the cells. The suspended NK cells are found to not be damaged by the SAW operation of the adjusted experimental setup. Suspended NK cell aggregates subjected to an SAW treatment show increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Simultaneously treating the NK cells with SAWs and protein kinase C activator enhances the lysosomal protein expressions of the cells and the cell‐mediated cytotoxicity against target tumor cells. These have important implications by showing that acoustically actuated system allows dynamic cell culture without cell damages and further alters cytotoxicity‐related cellular activities.
Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of N‐Unprotected Unnatural α‐Amino Acid Derivatives by Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Reductive Amination
Authors: Hu Le'an , Wang Yuan‐Zheng , Xu Lei , Yin Qin , Zhang Xumu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn unprecedented highly enantioselective Ru‐catalyzed direct asymmetric reductive amination of α‐keto amides with ammonium salts has been disclosed, efficiently offering valuable enantioenriched N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acid derivatives bearing a broad range of aryl or alkyl α‐substituents. This protocol features easily accessible substrates, good functional‐group tolerance and excellent enantiocontrol, making it a good complementary approach to the known methods. Moreover, this method is also applicable to the preparation of N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acid derivatives containing an additional stereogenic center at the β‐position through a dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) process. Convenient transformations of the obtained products into chiral N‐unprotected unnatural α‐amino acids, drug intermediates, peptides, and organocatalysts/ligands further showcase the utility of this method.
Decarbonylative Transfer Hydrochlorination of Alkenes and Alkynes Based on a B(C6F5)3‐Initiated Grob Fragmentation
Authors: Xie Kaixue , Oestreich Martin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractReadily available cyclohexa‐2,5‐dien‐1‐ylcarbonyl chloride derivatives are introduced as bench‐stable HCl surrogates for transfer hydrochlorination of terminal and internal alkenes as well as selected alkynes. The stepwise Grob fragmentation of those acyl chlorides into chloride, carbon monoxide, a low‐molecular‐weight arene, and a proton is promoted by B(C6F5)3. This decarbonylative transfer process enables the addition of HCl across C−C double and triple bonds with Markovnikov selectivity at room temperature.
Dual epidural catheter technique to provide opioid‐free anaesthesia for an open abdominoperineal resection
Authors: le Roux J. J. , Wakabayashi K. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe peri‐operative analgesic management of patients undergoing major elective colorectal surgery has an impact on patient recovery. An approach that favours an opioid‐free strategy has demonstrated improved patient outcomes. Avoiding systemic opioids during and after abdominal surgery promotes early recovery of bowel function and early re‐initiation of oral intake, shortens hospital length of stay, minimises postoperative complications, and may improve long‐term outcomes. In this case report we describe an opioid‐free anaesthetic technique, in line with current Enhanced Recovery After Surgery recommendations, for a patient undergoing an open abdominoperineal resection who reported experiencing severe side‐effects to opioids in the past. Two epidural catheters were sited pre‐operatively at the interspaces between the ninth and tenth thoracic and third and fourth lumbar vertebrae respectively, and used intra‐ and postoperatively. The utilisation of two epidural catheters not only ensured complete peri‐operative analgesia, but also successfully attenuated the neuroendocrine stress response to surgery. The dual epidural catheter technique may be considered for extensive colorectal surgery when conventional opioid‐based anaesthetic techniques are contraindicated.
Clinical Issues—April 2022
Authors: Wood Amber 
Published: March 2022

THIS MONTH
Perioperative care of the patient with alpha‐gal syndrome
Key words: alpha‐gal syndrome (AGS), red meat allergy, allergic reaction, mammalian‐derived ingredients, gelatin.
Overnight storage of sterile supplies
Key words: sterile supplies, event‐related sterility, terminal cleaning, damp dusting, instrument table.
Unsterile medication cartridges
Key words: dental cartridge, local anesthesia, lidocaine, alcohol, sterile field.
Personnel traffic into the OR
Key words: OR traffic, door openings, airflow, environmental contamination, automatic doors.
Control of hydrolytic degradation of polyglycolic acid using chain extender and anti‐hydrolysis agent
Authors: Sun Xiaojie , Chen Lanlan , Wang Rong , Jiang Meng , Sun Miaomiao , Liang Wenbin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBiodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) shows great potential to substitute engineering petrochemical‐based polymers because of its high mechanical strength, stiffness, and gas barrier. However, drawbacks such as low melt strength, poor thermal stability, and rapid degradation limited its practical applications. In this paper, PGA was modified by reactive extrusion using chain extender (CE) and anti‐hydrolysis agent (AHA). The effects of the modification on the flow properties, melt viscosity and long‐term hydrolysis behaviors of PGA were studied. Compared with the unmodified but one‐pass processed PGA (C‐PGA), the melt mass flow rate of modified PGA (M‐PGA) decreased, while the complex viscosity (ω = 0.1 rad/s) dramatically increased, attributable to the realization of effective chain extension. The accelerated hydrolysis aging test indicated that the hydrolysis rate constant of C‐PGA at 30°C was 0.06183 day−1, and that of M‐PGA was 0.01332 day−1, which exhibited a 78% reduction. Correspondingly, the service life of M‐PGA was significantly prolonged. This may expand the potential applications of PGA, such as packaging film, agriculture, or textiles.
Ranking customers for marketing actions with a two‐stage Bayesian cluster and Pareto/NBD models
Authors: Puig‐de‐Dou Ignasi , González Ibáñez Daniel , Puig Xavier 
Published: March 2022

AbstractModelling customer behaviour to predict their future purchase frequency and value is crucial when selecting customers for marketing activities. The profitability of a customer and their risk of inactivity are two important factors in this selection process. These indicators can be obtained using the well‐known Pareto/NBD model. Here we cluster customers based on their purchase frequency and value over a given period before applying the Pareto/NBD model to each cluster. This initial cluster model provides the customer purchase value and improves the predictive accuracy of the Pareto/NBD parameters by using similar individuals when fitting the data. Finally, taking the outputs from both models, the initial cluster and Pareto/NBD, we present some recommendations to classify customers into interpretable groups and facilitate their prioritisation for marketing activities. To illustrate the methodology, this paper uses a database with sales from a beauty products wholesaler.
Stem cell‐based region‐specific brain organoids: Novel models to understand neurodevelopmental defects
Authors: Shafique Sidra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study of human brain development and neurodevelopmental defects has remained challenging so far due to unique, specific, and complex underlying processes. Recent advances in the technologies and protocols of in vitro human brain organoid development have led to immense possibilities of understanding these processes. Human brain organoids are stem‐cell derived three‐dimensional in vitro tissues that resemble the developing fetal brain. Major advances in stem cell techniques pioneering the development of in vitro human brain development include reprogramming human somatic cells into induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) followed by the targeted differentiation of iPSCs into the cells of three embryonic germ cell layers. The neural progenitor cells produced by the directed differentiation of iPSCs undergo some level of self‐organization to generate in vitro human brain like tissue. A three‐dimensional differentiation approach applied to create region‐specific brain organoids has successfully led to develop highly specialized cortical, forebrain, pallium, and subpallium in vitro human brain organoid models. These stem cell‐based brain organoids are novel models to study human brain development, neurodevelopmental defects, chemical toxicity testing, and drug repurposing screening. This review focuses on the fundamentals of brain organoid development and applications. The novel applications of using cortical organoids in understanding the mechanisms of Zika virus‐induced microcephaly, congenital microcephaly, and lissencephaly are also discussed.
A ratiometric and two‐photon fluorescent probe for imaging hydrogen peroxide in living cells
Authors: Wang Shuoshuo , Yao Jipeng , Wang Bei , Liu Xiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs an important reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide plays a significant role in the life activity system, and its abnormal levels are closely related to many diseases. Developing effective fluorescent probes for detecting hydrogen peroxide is very urgent. Therefore, we constructed a probe Z that can detect hydrogen peroxide in ratio. It has naphthimide as the fluorophore and phenylboronic acid pinacol esters as the recognition group. It shows higher sensitivity, lower detection limit, higher selectivity, and broad pH applicability. Moreover, probe Z has low cytotoxicity that can be used to detect exogenous hydrogen peroxide in HeLa cells and might be a potential tool for studying hydrogen peroxide in physiological activities.
Simplifying plant gene silencing and genome editing logistics by a one‐Agrobacterium system for simultaneous delivery of multipartite virus vectors
Authors: Aragonés Verónica , Aliaga Flavio , Pasin Fabio , Daròs José‐Antonio 
Published: March 2022

AbstractViral vectors provide a quick and effective way to express exogenous sequences in eukaryotic cells and to engineer eukaryotic genomes through the delivery of CRISPR/Cas components. Here, we present JoinTRV, an improved vector system based on tobacco rattle virus (TRV) that simplifies gene silencing and genome editing logistics. Our system consists of two mini T‐DNA vectors from which TRV RNA1 (pLX‐TRV1) and an engineered version of TRV RNA2 (pLX‐TRV2) are expressed. The two vectors have compatible origins that allow their cotransformation and maintenance into a single Agrobacterium cell, as well as their simultaneous delivery to plants by a one‐Agrobacterium/two‐vector approach. The JoinTRV vectors are substantially smaller than those of any known TRV vector system, and pLX‐TRV2 can be easily customized to express desired sequences by one‐step digestion‐ligation and homology‐based cloning. The system was successfully used in Nicotiana benthamiana for launching TRV infection, for recombinant protein production, as well as for robust virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) of endogenous transcripts using bacterial suspensions at low optical densities. JoinTRV‐mediated delivery of single‐guide RNAs in a Cas9 transgenic host allowed somatic cell editing efficiencies of ≈90%; editing events were heritable and >50% of the progeny seedlings showed mutations at the targeted loci.
Dopaminergic signaling regulates zebrafish larvae's response to electricity
Authors: Khalili Arezoo , Wijngaarden Ellen van , Zoidl Georg R. , Rezai Pouya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectrical stimulation of brain or muscle activities has gained attention for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in electric‐induced responses. We recently showed zebrafish's response to electricity. Here, we hypothesized that this response is affected by the dopaminergic signaling pathways. The effects of multiple dopamine agonists and antagonists on the electric response of 6 days‐postfertilization zebrafish larvae were investigated using a microfluidic device with enhanced control of experimentation and throughput. All dopamine antagonists decreased locomotor activities, while dopamine agonists did not induce similar behaviors. The D2‐selective dopamine agonist quinpirole enhanced the movement. Exposure to nonselective and D1‐selective dopamine agonists apomorphine and SKF‐81297 caused no significant change in the electric response. Exposing larvae that were pretreated with nonselective and D2‐selective dopamine antagonists butaclamol and haloperidol to apomorphine and quinpirole, respectively, restored the electric locomotion. These results reveal a correlation between electric response and dopamine signaling pathway. Furthermore, they demonstrate that electric‐induced zebrafish larvae locomotion can be conditioned by modulating dopamine receptor functions. Our electrofluidic assay has profound application potential for fundamental electric‐induced response research and brain disorder studies especially those related to the dopamine imbalance and as a chemical screening method when investigating biological pathways and behaviors.
Progenitor cells derived from gene‐engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells as synthetic cancer cell alternatives for in vitro pharmacology
Authors: Uhlmann Constanze , Nickel Ann‐Christin , Picard Daniel , Rossi Andrea , Li Guanzhang , Hildebrandt Barbara , Brockerhoff Gabriele , Bendt Farina , Hübenthal Ulrike , Hewera Michael , Steiger Hans‐Jakob , Wieczorek Dagmar , Perrakis Aristoteles , Zhang Wei , Remke Marc , Koch Katharina , Tigges Julia , Croner Roland S. , Fritsche Ellen , Kahlert Ulf D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLimitations in genetic stability and recapitulating accurate physiological disease properties challenge the utility of patient‐derived (PD) cancer models for reproducible and translational research. A portfolio of isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with different pan‐cancer relevant oncoprotein signatures followed by differentiation into lineage‐committed progenitor cells was genetically engineered. Characterization on molecular and biological level validated successful stable genetic alterations in pluripotency state as well as upon differentiation to prove the functionality of our approach. Meanwhile proposing core molecular networks possibly involved in early dysregulation of stem cell homeostasis, the application of our cell systems in comparative substance testing indicates the potential for cancer research such as identification of augmented therapy resistance of stem cells in response to activation of distinct oncogenic signatures.