bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geospatial assessment of freshwater invasive species to inform turtle conservation and management
Authors: Araya‐Donoso Raúl , Orton Joseph P. , Ryan Mason J. , Jones Cristina A. , Kusumi Kenro , Dolby Greer A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Identifying the ecological factors that determine the spread of invasive species is key to adequately managing endangered species in freshwater ecosystems. Invasive species are a main threat to turtles, which are targets of major conservation efforts worldwide.
In freshwater ecosystems of the south‐western USA, invasive bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) and crayfish species (Faxonius virilis and Procambarus clarkii) represent a major risk to the desert mud turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense sonoriense), state‐listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in Arizona. As a species in the early stages of population decline, the desert mud turtle is a top candidate for the development of management plans to decrease extinction risk.
An invasion risk assessment tool was built from available occurrence data for K. s. sonoriense and the invasive bullfrog and crayfish species in Arizona using 5,886 de‐duplicated records from public databases and reports from the Arizona Game and Fish Department. The occurrence density of K. s. sonoriense was calculated state‐wide to define populations in which the level of invasion by bullfrog and crayfish was assessed. The environmental factors associated with the abundance of invasive species in populations of K. s. sonoriense were then analysed.
A higher prevalence of crayfish and bullfrog was detected in turtle populations located in perennial streams. Invasive abundance was significantly higher in turtle populations at higher elevation and closer to the main river trunk for both invasive taxa. Higher bullfrog abundance was detected near human settlements, whereas crayfish were more abundant further from human settlements.
These results will inform which populations of K. s. sonoriense require intensive surveying and control of invasive species to maintain the health of native desert mud turtle populations. This study provides valuable information regarding the environmental conditions associated with the abundance of invasive species threatening turtle populations, helping to develop science‐based management of freshwater ecosystems.
Forearm muscle activity estimation based on anatomical structure of muscles
Authors: Okajima Shotaro , Costa‐García ÁLvaro , Ueda Sayako , Yang Ningjia , Shimoda Shingo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEstimation of muscle activity using surface electromyography (sEMG) is an important non‐invasive method that can lead to a deeper understanding of motor‐control strategies in humans. Measurement using multiple active electrodes is necessary to estimate not only surface muscle activity but also deep muscle activity in dynamic motion. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating muscle activity of dynamic motions based on anatomical knowledge of muscle structures. To estimate muscle activity, a large number of signal sources are set in the muscle model, and connections between the signal sources are defined a priori based on the anatomical structure of the muscles. The signal source activities are first estimated by minimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence with a continuity cost. Then, the muscle activity is computed from the signal source activity. In the experiments, five healthy participants performed five types of motion and the forearm sEMG was measured with 20‐channel active electrodes. The estimation results for these motions were visualized in four dimensions as the three‐dimensional position of the muscle over time. The results showed that the estimation was accurate, with a reproduction rate of 95% for the measured sEMG and continuity of the muscle activity. In addition, the results suggest the advantage of the proposed method over the conventional approaches in terms of estimating the muscle activity for both dynamic and abnormal motions.
Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction by Molecular Ruthenium Complexes with Polypyridyl Ligands
Authors: Huang Yan , He Huixin , Liu Jiale , Thummel Randolph P. , Tong Lianpeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo series of ruthenium complexes with various polypyridyl ligands have been prepared. One series of complexes (5 examples) are featured with tetradentate polypyridyl ligands and two acetonitrile molecules at the axial positions of the coordination sphere; the other series (3 examples) include combinations of a tridentate polypyridyl ligand, one 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) or two picolines, and one acetonitrile ligand. All these complexes were fully characterized by their NMR spectra as well as X‐ray single crystal structures. Their electronic absorption and redox data were measured and reported. Of the 8 complexes, three candidates effectively catalyze electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) in wet acetonitrile medium, generating CO as the major product. All these three catalytically active complexes contain a 2,2′:6′,2′′:6′′,2′′′‐quaterpyridine (qpy) ligand scaffold. A maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) of>1000 s−1 was achieved for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction at a modest overpotential. On the basis of electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical evidences, the CO2 substrate was proposed to bind with the ruthenium center at the two‐electron reduced state of the complex and then entered the catalytic cycle.
Measuring the prediction of observed actions using an occlusion paradigm: Comparing autistic and non‐autistic adults
Authors: Gowen Emma , Poliakoff Ellen , Shepherd Hayley , Stadler Waltraud 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAction prediction involves observing and predicting the actions of others and plays an important role in social cognition and interacting with others. It is thought to use simulation, whereby the observers use their own motor system to predict the observed actions. As individuals diagnosed with autism are characterized by difficulties understanding the actions of others and motor coordination issues, it is possible that action prediction ability is altered in this population. This study compared action prediction ability between 20 autistic and 22 non‐autistic adults using an occlusion paradigm. Participants watched different videos of a female actor carrying out everyday actions. During each video, the action was transiently occluded by a gray rectangle for 1000 ms. During occlusions, the video was allowed to continue as normal or was moved forward (i.e., appearing to continue too far ahead) or moved backwards (i.e., appearing to continue too far behind). Participants were asked to indicate after each occlusion whether the action continued with the correct timing or was too far ahead/behind. Autistic individuals were less accurate than non‐autistic individuals, particularly when the video was too far behind. A trend analysis suggested that autistic participants were more likely to judge too far behind occlusions as being in time. These preliminary results suggest that prediction ability may be altered in autistic adults, potentially due to slower simulation or a delayed onset of these processes.Lay SummaryWhen we observe other people performing everyday actions, we use their movements to help us understand and predict what they are doing. In this study, we found that autistic compared to non‐autistic adults were slightly less accurate at predicting other people's actions. These findings help to unpick the different ways that social understanding is affected in autism.
A photoelectrochemical sensor combining CS−GSH−CuNCs and xanthine oxidase for the detection of xanthine
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Li Pu , Luo Chen , Huang Chaobiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor combining chitosan‐coated and glutathione‐protected copper nanocluster (CS−GSH−CuNCs) with peroxidase‐like activity and xanthine oxidase (XAO) was developed for rapid detection of xanthine. Firstly, CS−GSH−CuNCs was prepared by glutathione (GSH) reduction using chitosan (CS) as protective agent, and then was modified on titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs)/ITO electrode which was prepared by sintering titanium dioxide (TiO2) on the ITO electrode surface by high temperature calcination. After excited by light at 350 nm, the photoinduced electrons from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of CS−GSH−CuNCs were transferred to the conduction band of TiO2, which resulted in spatial separation of electron‐hole and enhancement of photocurrent signal. XAO oxidizes xanthine to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Part of the photoinduced electrons from CS−GSH−CuNCs transferred and catalyzed the reduction of H2O2, resulting in the reduction of the photocurrent. Under optimal conditions, the PEC sensor exhibits good sensitivity and reproducibility with the limit of detection (LOD) of 6.6 nmol ⋅ L−1 and a relative standard deviation of 3.5 % for 10 replicate detections of 1.00 μmol ⋅ L−1 xanthine and the linear range of 0.04–90.0 μmol ⋅ L−1 for xanthine. Furthermore, the PEC sensor presents nice selectivity owing to its enzyme‐like activity and was successfully applied to human urine, indicating its great potential for real sample analysis.
Beliefs about food allergies in adolescents aged 11–19 years: A systematic review
Authors: Newman Kristina L. , Chater Angel , Knibb Rebecca C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsResearch suggests of people with food allergy (FA), adolescents have the highest risk of fatal allergic reactions to food, yet understanding of this population and how they manage their condition is limited. Understanding beliefs and how they affect behaviour could inform ways to reduce risk taking behaviour and fatal reactions in adolescents. This systematic review aimed to explore beliefs adolescents hold about their FA, and how these may be associated with FA management.DemographicsAdolescents aged 11–19 years with FA.MethodologyA systematic search of seven databases was conducted. Papers of any design were included that reported on the beliefs about FA in adolescents aged 11–19 years. Data was systemised by narrative thematic analysis.Findings20 studies were included. Themes included navigating FA in different environments, carriage and use of adrenaline auto‐injectors, management of the risk of anaphylaxis, behaviour and understanding of others, and food‐allergic identity.ImplicationsAdolescents with FA hold a variety of condition beliefs; some beliefs were related to behaviour that could lead to an allergic reaction, while other beliefs were related to protective behaviours. Further research into understanding adolescent beliefs in order to inform clinical management and reduce the risk of potential fatal reactions is essential.
Optoelectronic and Photovoltaic Properties of (NH4)3Bi2I9: A Perovskite‐like Energy Material for Pb‐free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Ahmad Khursheed , Kumar Praveen , Kim Haekyoung , Mobin Shaikh M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecent few years have witnessed a tremendous surge in the design and fabrication of lead (Pb)‐free perovskite or perovskite‐like materials for the development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Bismuth halide perovskite materials such as (CH3NH3)3Bi2I9, Cs3Bi2I9 and FA3Bi2I9 have been utilized as highly efficient perovskite light absorbers in terms of aerobic stability. Herein, we have investigated the optoelectronic properties of the (NH4)3Bi2I9 perovskite and employed as light absorber in the construction of Pb free PSCs. Solvent engineering approach was utilized to improve the photovoltaic performance of the (NH4)3Bi2I9 perovskite based PSCs. The probable HOMO and LUMO energy level values of the (NH4)3Bi2I9 perovskite were also investigated and the band gap of the (NH4)3Bi2I9 perovskite was found to be of 2.1 eV. The developed PSCs device exhibited the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼0.6%.
An optimized novel public cloud system to secure the medical record from third parties
Authors: Singh Kishan Kumar , Jha Vijay Kumar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNowadays, modern technologies are growing rapidly by advancing their application day by day. Moreover, the Internet of Things (IoT) is well utilized in many applications for sensing and information gathering purposes. Considering this, medical applications have used the advances of IoT facilities in sensing the disease rate in humans. After sensing, the sensed data is stored in the cloud system, so securing the cloud system is the more required task to maintain the privacy of the patient's data. But, in front of malicious activities, securing the data is not easy. So, the present research has proposed a novel African buffalo‐based International Data Encryption (ABIDE) public cloud system to secure the medical database during the data transmission. The developed technique is utilized in a public cloud system. The main objective of this research is to secure medical data during transmission. Moreover, the implementation of the proposed ABIDE algorithm is done in the MATLAB environment. Consequently, the performance of the developed technique is compared with existing methods in terms of resource usage, encryption time, decryption time and so forth. Therefore, the proposed model has attained the finest confidential rate of 98.98%, throughput 97.86% and less processing time of 4 ms.
Evaluation of pH and calcium ion release at the simulated external root resorption cavities of teeth obturated with bioceramic sealer
Authors: Angkasuvan Vitchayapun , Panichuttra Anchana , Nawachinda Mettachit , Ratisoontorn Chootima 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate pH and calcium ion release at the outer dentin surface of simulated external root resorption cavities after root canals obturated with bioceramic root canal sealer compared with those medicated with calcium hydroxide.Materials and MethodsSixty extracted human single‐rooted teeth were selected and instrumented. External root resorption cavities were prepared at the lingual surface of the root. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups: (1) Bioceramic sealer group, canals were obturated with gutta‐percha and BioRoot sealer; (2) Calcium hydroxide group, canals were medicated with UltraCal XS; (3) Control group, canals were left empty. Thirty specimens were used for evaluation of pH at 7, 14, and 28 days (n = 10 per group) and the other 30 specimens were used for evaluation of calcium ion diffusion at 28 days (n = 10 per group).ResultsCalcium hydroxide group showed the highest median pH value at all time points (7, 14, and 28 days). Both calcium hydroxide and bioceramic sealer groups showed significantly higher median pH values compared with control (p < .001). Comparing within groups, both bioceramic sealer group and calcium hydroxide group showed significantly decreased median pH over time, while the median pH of the control did not show any significant difference among Days 7, 14, and 28. Both calcium hydroxide and bioceramic sealer groups had significantly higher calcium ion release than control. Notably, bioceramic sealer group showed significantly higher calcium ion release than the calcium hydroxide group (p < .01).ConclusionsRoot canals obturated with gutta‐percha and bioceramic sealer showed high calcium ion levels at the simulated external root resorption cavities but did not show an extended period of alkaline pH.
Mechanistic insights into chloride‐related heart failure progression according to the plasma volume status
Authors: Kataoka Hajime 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsTwo types of heart failure (HF) progression were recently proposed on the basis of an increased vs. non‐increased serum chloride concentration. The applicability of this concept to real‐world HF pathophysiology requires further investigation. The present study evaluated the mechanisms of HF progression to a different type according to changes in the estimated plasma volume status (ePVS).Methods and resultsData from 47 patients (32% men; 78.2 ± 9.7 years of age) with stable to worsening HF (37.5 ± 16 days) were analysed. Physical examination, standard blood tests, and b‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurements were conducted. The ePVS was calculated as follows: ePVS (dL/g) = [100 − haematocrit (%)]/[haemoglobin (g/dL)]. For the study subjects as a whole (n = 47), changes in the ePVS correlated positively with changes in the serum chloride concentration from stable to worsening HF (r = 0.398, P = 0.0056). When divided into two groups of worsening HF with an increased (n = 31) vs. non‐increased serum chloride concentration (n = 16), no significant baseline differences in body weight, serum logBNP, or ePVS were detected between groups. Under worsening HF, the increase in body weight (2.34 ± 1.12 vs. 2.59 ± 1.56 kg, P = 0.57) and logBNP (0.39 ± 0.30 vs. 0.54 ± 0.31 pg/mL, P = 0.13) did not differ between groups, but the increase in the ePVS was smaller in the group with a non‐increased serum chloride concentration compared with that with an increased serum chloride concentration (0.292 ± 0.49 vs. 0.653 ± 0.60 dL/g, P = 0.044). An increase in the %change in ePVS ≥ 10% was less common in patients with a non‐increased chloride concentration (37% vs. 71%, P = 0.03). Patients with a non‐increased serum chloride concentration had more HF signs (3.31 ± 0.79 vs. 2.65 ± 0.71, P = 0.005) and a higher incidence of pulmonary rales (63% vs. 16%, P = 0.0024) than those with an increased serum chloride concentration.ConclusionsAccording to the changes in the ePVS, HF progression may result from a difference between two HF types (i.e. increased vs. non‐increased serum chloride concentration) in the cardiac reserve in response to a given cardiac burden by modulating plasma volume status via the possible tonicity potential of chloride.
Light responsive nucleic acid for biomedical application
Authors: Chen Liwei , Liu Yanfei , Guo Weisheng , Liu Zhenbao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNucleic acids are widely used in biomedical applications because of their programmability and biocompatibility. The light responsive nucleic acids have attracted wide attention due to their remote control and high spatiotemporal resolution. In this review, we summarized the latest developments in biomedicine of light responsive molecules. The molecules which confer light responsive properties to nucleic acids were summarized. The binding sites of molecules to nucleic acids, the induced structural changes, and functional regulation of nucleic acids were reviewed. Then, the biomedical applications of light responsive nucleic acids were listed, such as drug delivery, biosensing, optogenetics, gene editing, etc. Finally, the challenges were discussed and possible future directions of light‐responsive nucleic acids were proposed.
Analysis of the interaction between A1R and A2AR proteins in living cells based on FRET imaging and batch processing method
Authors: Lin Yating , Wang Haoyu , Du Weiwei , Huang Yiming , Gong Wei , Wang Qiwen , Huang Zufang , Lin Juqiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe quantitative FRET analysis of living cells is a tedious and time‐consuming task for freshman lacks technical training. In this study, FRET imaging and batch processing method were combined to analyze reagents‐induced interactions of A1R and A2AR on cell membranes. Results showed that the method had taken less time than if cell‐by‐cell was analyzed. The accuracy and repeatability of FRET efficiency values were likewise improved by removing the interference from anthropogenic factors. Then this method was applied to rapidly analyze acetaldehyde‐induced interactions, which analyzed hundreds of single‐cell trends by one operation, and the results revealed that interactions were consistently attenuated in LX‐2 cells, and statistical differences appeared after 30 min. Combined with batch processing method, procedures of cells FRET analysis have been greatly simplified without additional technical work, which has broad prospects in large‐scale analysis of cellar protein interaction.
Overlapping electron density and the global delocalization of π‐aromatic fragments as the reason of conductivity of the biphenylene network
Authors: Rublev Pavel , Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Boldyrev Alexander I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecently fabricated 2D biphenylene network is an astonishing solid‐state material, which possesses unique metal‐like conductive properties. At the same time, two‐dimensional boron nitride network (2D‐BN)—an isoelectronic and structural analogue of biphenylene network, is an insulator with a wide direct bandgap. This study investigates the relationship between the electronic properties and chemical bonding patterns for these species. It is shown that the insulating 2D‐BN network possesses a strong localization of electron density on the nitrogen atoms. In turn, for a carbon‐containing sheet, we found a highly delocalized electron density and an appreciable overlap of pz orbitals of neighboring C6 rings, which might be a reason for the conductive properties of the material.
Application of collagen triple helix repeat containing‐1 and mitotic spindle apparatus antibody in small cell lung cancer diagnosis
Authors: Liu Yuhan , Hu Tingting , Li Xu , Li Xiaohang , Yu Jianlin , Wu Yang , Chen Simei , Tan Liming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical significance of serum collagen triple helix repeat protein‐1 (CTHRC1) and mitotic spindle apparatus antibody (MSA) in the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC).MethodsOf the 229 lung tumor patients selected, 62 patients were divided into SCLC, 94 patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and 73 patients with benign lung disease (BLD). The health controls (HC) had a span of 66 cases with normal physical condition. The serum extracted from each participator and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was adopted for measuring the serum CTHRC1 and MSA; in the meantime, automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used for the quantitative determination of serum NSA and CEA. And then, the differences in serum CTHRC1, MSA, NSE, and CEA were compared among involved groups.Results① Compared with other groups, the concentrations of CTHRC1, MSA, and NSE showed a marked increase in the group of SCLC (all p < 0.01). Especially for SCLC patients with lymph node metastasis, CTHRC1 provided a notably higher level than those without metastasis. ② CTHRC1 and MSA established a diagnostic criterion with the specificity of 90.99% and 86.27% for SCLC, respectively. ③ In series, the specificity of CTHRC1 and NSE was the highest (99.30%), while MSA and NSE had the highest sensitivity (96.72%) in parallel. ④ Both CTHRC1 and MSA were hazardous factors interconnected with SCLC.ConclusionSerum CTHRC1 and MSA had a more exciting prospect of application. When used in conjunction with NSE and CEA, they could optimize the clinical diagnosis value of SCLC.