bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Works for Whom in School-Based Anti-bullying Interventions? An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Hensums Maud , de Mooij Brechtje , Kuijper Steven C. ,   BIRC: the anti-Bullying Interventions Research Consortium, Cross Donna , DeSmet Ann , Garandeau Claire F. , Joronen Katja , Leadbeater Bonnie , Menesini Ersilia , Palladino Benedetta Emanuela , Salmivalli Christina , Solomontos-Kountouri Olga , Veenstra René , Fekkes Minne , Overbeek Geertjan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of bullying worldwide is high (UNESCO, 2018). Over the past decades, many anti-bullying interventions have been developed to remediate this problem. However, we lack insight into for whom these interventions work and what individual intervention components drive the total intervention effects. We conducted a large-scale individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis using data from 39,793 children and adolescents aged five to 20 years (Mage = 12.58, SD = 2.34) who had participated in quasi-experimental or randomized controlled trials of school-based anti-bullying interventions (i.e., 10 studies testing nine interventions). Multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that anti-bullying interventions significantly reduced self-reported victimization (d =  − 0.14) and bullying perpetration (d =  − 0.07). Anti-bullying interventions more strongly reduced bullying perpetration in younger participants (i.e., under age 12) and victimization for youth who were more heavily victimized before the intervention. We did not find evidence to show that the inclusion of specific intervention components was related to higher overall intervention effects, except for an iatrogenic effect of non-punitive disciplinary methods–which was strongest for girls. Exploratory analyses suggested that school assemblies and playground supervision may have harmful effects for some, increasing bullying perpetration in youth who already bullied frequently at baseline. In conclusion, school-based anti-bullying interventions are generally effective and work especially well for younger children and youth who are most heavily victimized. Further tailoring of interventions may be necessary to more effectively meet the needs and strengths of specific subgroups of children and adolescents.
Promoting University Students’ Engagement in Intercultural Group Work: The Importance of Expectancy, Value, and Cost
Authors: Poort Irene , Jansen Ellen , Hofman Adriaan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntercultural group work (IGW) is a valuable learning strategy to enhance deep learning and prepare university students to participate in a globalized world, so more insight is needed into what motivates students to engage actively in IGW. Using an expectancy–value theory framework, this study investigates the extent to which the different components of this theory (i.e., self-efficacy, perceived benefit, and perceived cost) relate to each other and contribute to student engagement in IGW. Responses to a questionnaire, gathered from 846 bachelor’s students from six universities in the Netherlands and Canada, reveal that strong self-efficacy for IGW, high perceived benefit of IGW, and low perceived cost of IGW correlate. In structural equation modeling analyses, self-efficacy and emotional cost emerge as important predictors of behavioral and cognitive engagement; intercultural benefit is critical for cognitive engagement. As a prerequisite of cognitive engagement, behavioral engagement also mediates the effects of self-efficacy, costs, and benefits. Therefore, developing students’ self-efficacy, increasing perceived benefits of IGW, and decreasing perceived costs of IGW can promote student engagement and deeper learning. Universities thus should prepare students for IGW and provide support and feedback during group work process. Based on the results, we theorize about the relationships among the components of the expectancy–value theory.
Gastrointestinal parasites in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) hunted in Spain: a warning to game managers
Authors: Arcenillas-Hernández Irene , Martínez-Carrasco Carlos , Tizzani Paolo , Berriatua Eduardo , del Rocío Ruiz de Ybáñez María 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRed-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) populations are currently declining in the Iberian Peninsula, mainly due to habitat degradation and hunting pressure. In addition, the release of farm-reared partridges may introduce pathogens, including parasites, to wild populations. The presence of digestive parasites in red-legged partridges hunted in fifteen Spanish provinces was studied. Fecal samples and gastrointestinal tracts were collected, analyzed, and the morphometric identification of parasites was carried out.Eimeriaspp. oocysts, nematode, cestode and trematode eggs were observed in fecal samples. Adult nematodes (Ascaridia galli,Ascaridia compar,Heterakis gallinarum,Heterakis tenuicauda,Trichostrongylus tenuis, Subuluraspp.,Cyrneaspp. andAonchotheca caudinflata), tapeworms (Raillietina tetragona, R. echinobothrida, R. micracantha,Rhabdometra nigropunctata,andChoanotaenia infundibulum), and trematodes (Brachylaimaspp.,Brachylecithumspp.,Dicrocoeliumspp.) were identified in the gastrointestinal tracts. Significant statistical differences were found among climatic regions in the prevalence and intensity ofEimeriaspp. infection, median intensity and the prevalence of indirect life cycle helminths, with Southern areas always showing higher infection values. The study provides information of the health status of red-legged partridges in Spain, highlighting the risk associated with the release of farm-reared partridges for restocking purposes. This should be taken into account to improve management strategies for the long-term conservation of the species.
Biomarkers of aging in real life: three questions on aging and the comprehensive geriatric assessment
Authors: Zampino Marta , Polidori M. Cristina , Ferrucci Luigi , O’Neill Desmond , Pilotto Alberto , Gogol Manfred , Rubenstein Laurence 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMeasuring intrinsic, biological age is a central question in medicine, which scientists have been trying to answer for decades. Age manifests itself differently in different individuals, and chronological age often does not reflect such heterogeneity of health and function. We discuss here the value of measuring age and aging using the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), cornerstone of geriatric medicine, and operationalized assessment tools for prognosis. Specifically, we review the benefits of employing the multidimensional prognostic index (MPI), which collects information about eight domains relevant for the global assessment of the older person (functional and cognitive status, nutrition, mobility and risk of pressure sores, multi-morbidity, polypharmacy, and co-habitation), in the evaluation of the functional status, and in the prediction of health outcomes for older adults. Further integration of biological markers of aging into multidimensional prognostic tools is warranted, as well as actions which could facilitate prognostic assessments for older persons in all healthcare settings.
Friedrich Engels als Journalist
Authors: Gehrau Volker , Birkner Thomas 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungObwohl Friedrich Engels Teil des wohl bedeutendsten Intellektuellenpaars des 19. Jahrhunderts war, das den Verlauf der Weltgeschichte massiv geprägt hat, sind sein Leben und sein Werk noch immer eine kommunikationswissenschaftliche Leerstelle. Der Beitrag ordnet Engels in die Journalismusgeschichte als Sozialgeschichte ein und zeigt auf, dass er ein journalistischer Prototyp und Pionier auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen der Entwicklung des Journalismus war. Er prägte eine Redaktion und bearbeitete eine beachtliche Themenvielfalt. So schrieb er über soziale Verhältnisse, Kriegsereignisse und politische Zusammenhänge. Der Beitrag entwickelt aus Engels’ journalistischem Wirken einen Typologievorschlag und schließt mit weiteren analytischen Forschungsperspektiven, die sich aus der kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Beschäftigung mit Friedrich Engels ergeben.
Obesity trends over 10 years in primary hip and knee arthroplasty—a study of 12,000 patients
Authors: Downey Colum , John Katie St , Chatterji Jeet , Cassar-Gheiti Adrian , O’Byrne John M. , Kenny Paddy , Cashman James P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives/Aims
Obesity and its increasing prevalence are global public health concerns. Following joint replacement, there is evidence to support that obese patients are more likely to suffer complications. We examined 10-year trends in BMI of the primary total hip and total knee replacement cohorts in our institution to discern whether the BMI of these patients has changed over time.

Methods
We examined BMI data of patients who underwent primary hip and knee arthroplasty from our institutional database from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 (n = 12,169). We analysed trends in BMI over this period with respect to (i) surgical procedure, (ii) gender, and (iii) age categories.

Results
The overall number of surgical procedures increased over the study period which meant more obese patients underwent surgery over time. Average BMI did not change significantly over time; however, there was a statistically significant increase in BMI in females aged < 45 in both arthroplasty groups.

Conclusion
The average BMI of patients undergoing primary hip and knee arthroplasty in our high-volume tertiary orthopaedic centre has remained relatively unchanged over the past 10 years; however, our local service is caring for a greater number of overweight/obese patients due to the increase in overall volume. This will have significant implications on health care expenditure and infrastructure going forward which further emphasises the importance of ongoing national obesity prevention strategies. The increase in BMI seen in females aged < 45 may mark an impending era of obese younger patients with end-stage osteoarthritis.
Hydrochemical and quality assessment of irrigation water at the trans-himalayan high-altitude regions of Leh, Ladakh, India
Authors: Giri Arup , Bharti Vijay K. , Kalia Sahil , Kumar Krishna , Khansu Mayarngam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA total of seventy irrigation water samples were collected from Leh, Ladakh, India, to determine their hydrochemistry profile and water quality for irrigation purposes. Water quality indices such as total hardness (TH), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), potential salinity (PS), permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR), sodium absorption ratio (SAR), corrosivity ratio (CR), and chloroalkaline indices (CAI) were measured. The Piper diagram, Durov's diagram, and United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram were drawn to determine the water types, ion exchange processes, and rock–soil–water interaction. The findings indicated that the hydrochemical characteristics of irrigation water are naturally alkaline. Furthermore, water quality parameters revealed that the study area’s surface water is suitable for irrigation purposes, despite relatively high TH and MH levels. The level of CR indicated that water should not be transported using metal pipes. The CAI and Durov's plot indicated direct ionic exchange processes controlling water chemistry. Additionally, this irrigation water is mainly dominated by the Ca2+–Cl−–SO42−, Na+–K+–CaCO3 + HCO3−, and Na+–K+–Cl− type, which indicates silicate rock weathering along with some anthropogenic input. The USSL salinity diagram indicated a medium salinity and low Na hazard. Hence, it is concluded that the rock weathering cycle is the natural source of all the cations and anions, and these ions pass directly from water to rock and vis-à-vis, along with some input of anthropogenic activity.
Cultures of Success: How elite students develop and realise aspirations to study Medicine
Authors: Ho Christina , Hu Wendy , Griffin Barbara 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite decades of policies to widen participation in medical degrees, students selected for Medicine continue to reflect a socially elite group, rather than the diversity of the communities that graduates will serve. While research has documented experiences of students from disadvantaged backgrounds, this paper examines the “cultures of success” that enable advantaged students to gain entry to medical school. It documents how these students’ school and home environments enable the development and realisation of “aspirational capacity”. Aspirational capacity is not just about having a dream, but also the resources and knowledge to realise one’s dream. The paper also examines a negative side of a narrow aspirational focus. “Aspirational constriction” describes the premature foreclosure of career ambitions, which can have negative implications for both the students and for society, and for less advantaged students, who are effectively excluded from degrees such as Medicine.
The EMT-activator ZEB1 is unrelated to platinum drug resistance in ovarian cancer but is predictive of survival
Authors: Rae Sophie , Spillane Cathy , Blackshields Gordon , Madden Stephen F. , Keenan Joanne , Stordal Britta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe IGROVCDDP cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line is an unusual model, as it is also cross-resistant to paclitaxel. IGROVCDDP, therefore, models the resistance phenotype of serous ovarian cancer patients who have failed frontline platinum/taxane chemotherapy. IGROVCDDP has also undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We aim to determine if alterations in EMT-related genes are related to or independent from the drug-resistance phenotypes. EMT gene and protein markers, invasion, motility and morphology were investigated in IGROVCDDP and its parent drug-sensitive cell line IGROV-1. ZEB1 was investigated by qPCR, Western blotting and siRNA knockdown. ZEB1 was also investigated in publicly available ovarian cancer gene-expression datasets. IGROVCDDP cells have decreased protein levels of epithelial marker E-cadherin (6.18-fold, p = 1.58e−04) and higher levels of mesenchymal markers vimentin (2.47-fold, p = 4.43e−03), N-cadherin (4.35-fold, p = 4.76e−03) and ZEB1 (3.43-fold, p = 0.04). IGROVCDDP have a spindle-like morphology consistent with EMT. Knockdown of ZEB1 in IGROVCDDP does not lead to cisplatin sensitivity but shows a reversal of EMT-gene signalling and an increase in cell circularity. High ZEB1 gene expression (HR = 1.31, n = 2051, p = 1.31e−05) is a marker of poor overall survival in high-grade serous ovarian-cancer patients. In contrast, ZEB1 is not predictive of overall survival in high-grade serous ovarian-cancer patients known to be treated with platinum chemotherapy. The increased expression of ZEB1 in IGROVCDDP appears to be independent of the drug-resistance phenotypes. ZEB1 has the potential to be used as biomarker of overall prognosis in ovarian-cancer patients but not of platinum/taxane chemoresistance.
Evidence-Based Practice in Medical Education: Mapping a Research and Critical Analysis Program Against the Sicily Statement
Authors: Burns Pippa , Weston Kathryn M 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper describes how evidence-based practice (EBP) is taught through an integrated curriculum across a 4-year graduate MD program. Mapping of the curriculum to the domains of the Sicily Statement of EBP was an effective approach to evaluate integration of EBP into a graduate medical education program. The longitudinal integration of EBP engages students in multiple opportunities to learn, understand, and apply these concepts. The EBP program incorporates both traditional and innovative teaching approaches and can easily be adapted for other professional courses. This whole-course approach is graduating a new generation of doctors with a sound understanding of EBP.
Freight Traffic Impacts and Logistics Inefficiencies in India: Policy Interventions and Solution Concepts for Sustainable City Logistics
Authors: Sahu Prasanta K. , Pani Agnivesh , Santos Georgina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFreight traffic fulfils not only the business needs of a region to move goods between producers, manufacturers, and end consumers, but also creates a host of unintended environmental, social, and economic impacts. Despite its importance, freight traffic impacts and associated logistic inefficiencies are largely overlooked in the urban transport discussions in developing economies like India. This paper addresses this research gap by outlining the research progress related to freight transport in India and discusses the key problems related to freight system performance. The published literature in the last three decades (1990–2020), policy briefs and institutional reports are explored to summarize key findings and uncover thematic linkages. We categorize the inefficiencies in the freight system into four aspects: (i) long-haul trucking, (ii) last-mile logistics, (iii) freight distribution (inventory level), and (iv) policies and regulations. Apart from identifying the limitations in policy discourse, this paper also explores the possible solution concepts to improve efficiency in freight transport and mitigate the unintended negative externalities in urban areas. The overall conclusion is that increasing and improving infrastructure and equipment, technology and operations, and policy and regulations will go some way towards making freight more efficient in India and reducing congestion and emissions of air pollutants and GHG. The present paper can be expected to promote further freight research and effective policy instrument design in India.
Approaches Adopted by Researchers to Measure the Quality of the Experience of People Working from Home: a Scoping Review
Authors: Federici Stefano , De Filippis Maria Laura , Mele Maria Laura , Borsci Simone , Bracalenti Marco , Bifolchi Giovanni , Gaudino Giancarlo , Amendola Massimo , Cocco Antonello , Simonetti Emilio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWorking from home (WFH) remotely is a modality of working that requires the careful design of systems of rules and tools to enable people to exchange information and perform actions. WFH is expected to expand after the COVID-19 pandemic. How to assess and compare in a reliable way the experience of workers with different (sociotechnical) systems of WFH is a central point to supporting the diffusion of acceptable modalities of working. However, the concept of experience and how it can be measured in the domain in WFH is yet to be clearly characterized. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology for scoping reviews, we systematically map the approaches used by researchers to assess WFH, identify which aspects are usually investigated, and examine how such aspects are usually measured in terms of questions and tools. Literature is collected using Scopus and Web of Science. Thirty-four records out of 323 focusing either on validating a scale, presenting theoretically the experience of workers or testing this empirically are included in the qualitative synthesis. The results highlight a lack of unified terminology and tools, with assessments of workers’ experience mainly characterized by survey approaches and qualitative questions. Clustering together the most investigated aspects in the literature and reviewing how these aspects are assessed, we propose a list of 10 relevant overarching dimensions and attempt to define workers’ experience in the domain of WFH remotely. This definition can be used as a tool by researchers aiming to assess the experience of workers in order to inform the design or redesign of the sociotechnical systems that enable WFH.
Globale Arbeitsstandards und Arbeitswissenschaft: Wie weiter auf dem Weg zu nachhaltiger Arbeit in globalen Lieferketten?
Authors: Helfen Markus 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungGemessen an den Bewertungsmaßstäben einer sich interdisziplinär und humanistisch verstehenden Arbeitswissenschaft klafft ein tiefer Abgrund zwischen dem erreichten Wissensstand einer nachhaltigen Arbeitsgestaltung und der dokumentierten Arbeitswirklichkeit am Beginn der globalen Lieferketten. Dieser kommentierende Beitrag lädt deshalb zum interdisziplinären Dialog zwischen der Arbeitswissenschaft und ihren sozialwissenschaftlichen Schwesterdisziplinen ein, um die arbeitswissenschaftliche Forschung zu globalen Lieferketten zu erweitern. Vor dem Hintergrund der Berichte der Internationalen Arbeitsorganisation (ILO) wird zunächst dargestellt, wie die Lücke zwischen formaler Standardsetzung einerseits und der Einhaltung der Regeln in der Praxis andererseits in der derzeitigen sozialwissenschaftlichen Literatur interpretiert wird. Zudem werden anhand der privaten Zulieferaudits und der öffentlichen Arbeitsinspektion einzelne Befunde betrachtet, die Hinweise auf besondere Beiträge der Arbeitswissenschaft zur Thematik geben können. Der Beitrag schließt mit Überlegungen, wie die Arbeitswissenschaft die Internationalisierung ihrer Forschung ausdehnen kann, um in der Debatte um die Durchsetzung globaler Arbeitsstandards – etwa durch das Lieferkettengesetz – Gehör zu finden.
Zwischen Ich-Gesellschaft und Wir-Nation. Religionszugehörigkeit, Religiosität und der Umgang mit religiöser Vielfalt in der Schweiz
Authors: Liedhegener Antonius 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag wirft anhand der Daten des Religionsmonitors 2017 einen differenzierten Blick auf die religiöse Vielfalt der auch sonst sehr vielschichtigen Schweizer Gesellschaft. Die Zugehörigkeit zu alten wie neuen Religionsgemeinschaften und die Religiosität ihrer Mitglieder werden herausgearbeitet. Davon ausgehend werden verschiedene Zusammenhänge des religiösen Bereichs mit anderen mehr oder weniger säkularen Teilbereichen in der ‚Ich-Gesellschaft‘ untersucht. Mit einem systemtheoretischen Ansatz und einem empirischen Zugriff wird die Frage beantwortet, wo sich welche religiösen Bezüge im Alltag und im gesellschaftlichen Miteinander ausmachen lassen, wie stark diese sind und welche Qualität sie haben. Insbesondere werden die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen den unterschiedlichen religiösen Traditionen und ihren Mitgliedern sowie jenem Teil der Gesellschaft, der sich selbst keiner Religionsgemeinschaft zuordnet, in religiöser wie gesellschaftlicher Hinsicht dargestellt. Erstmals werden zudem die religionspolitischen Implikationen der aktuellen religiösen Vielfalt auf einer empirischen Datenbasis herausgestellt. Um einer Verwandlung der Schweiz von einer Willensnation in eine ‚Wir-Nation‘ und der sich abzeichnenden religionspolitischen Handlungsblockade zu entgehen, wird vorgeschlagen, die produktiven Potenziale der Schweizer Religionsgeschichte und insbesondere die Überwindung der langen konfessionellen Spaltung der Schweizer Gesellschaft als Lerngeschichte für ein neues Miteinander in religiöser Vielfalt stärker in den Blick zu nehmen.