bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dbar-dressing methods to nonlinear defocusing Hirota equation with nonzero boundary conditions
Authors: Huang Yehui , Di Jingjing , Yao Yuqin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study the defocusing Hirota equation with nonzero boundary condition by using Dbar -dressing method. Dbar -problem with non-canonical normalization conditions are introduced. The Lax pair of the defocusing Hirota equation with nonzero boundary condition is derived from an asymptotic expansion method. The N-soliton solutions are constructed under the selected special spectral transformation matrix and the dynamic behavior of soliton solutions are analyzed.
Effect of Zinc Consumption on Salivary Interleukin 1-Beta Levels in Periodontitis: An Experimental Study on Periodontitis Male Wistar Rats.
Authors: Tofrizal Tofrizal , Fitri Haria , Fajrin Fildzah Nurul , Ernesto Gian , Juwita Dinda Ratna , Octaricha Tasha , Kasuma Nila 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Micronutrients such as Zn are known for their benefits in cell metabolism and enzyme modulation during inflammation. Although Zn is known to benefit cells in the body, few studies have examined its role in curing periodontal disease. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of oral consumption with interleukin 1-beta levels in saliva, which is the main cytokine secreted during the inflammatory process. This post-test design experimental study was carried out on 40 male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, namely, the control group, periodontitis, periodontitis who were given Zn supplementation, and periodontitis were given a low Zn diet, each group consisted of 10 rats studied through the induced ligature method. Ligature wire was removed after 14 days, zinc sulfate supplementation was given for 14 days by the foundation method. Rat saliva was collected on day 15. Interleukin 1 beta levels in saliva were analyzed by the ELISA Sandwich method. The measurement results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA test on IBM SPSS 15. The results showed that there were significant differences in clinical parameters between each group (p = 0.003). There were differences in the levels of IL-1Β in saliva between the treatment groups. Significantly different groups were the periodontitis group with the control group, periodontitis with periodontitis that were given Zn supplements, and periodontitis with periodontitis that were given a low Zn diet (p = 0.0005). Zinc can reduce the levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1B. Therefore, consumption of oral zinc can help cure periodontal disease.
Analysis of Clinical Features and Inflammatory Related Molecules with The Disease in Acute Infectious Urticaria.
Authors: Liu Zhezhang , Al-Quran Lina , Tong Jianbo , Cao Xianwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Acute infectious urticaria, a subset of acute urticaria, with severe persistence wheals and systemic symptom, are responded well to corticosteroid treatment in combination with antibiotic. The exact pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. Our aimed was to analyze the different clinical features between acute infectious urticaria and acute urticaria and to investigate the expression of cytokines and chemokines in acute infectious urticaria that may be involved. There are 18 patients with acute infectious urticaria and 18 patients acute non-infectious urticaria were included in this study. We analyzed the differences between the clinical features and the serum expression of pro-inflammatory factors in the two groups. We further examined the levels of T helper cell (Th cell)-associated cytokines and infection-related chemokines before and after treatment of acute infectious urticaria. Neutrophil granulocytes, leukocytosis, inflammatory markers (IL-6 and CRP) and fibrinolysis (D-dimer) were significantly higher in acute infectious urticaria than in acute urticaria. No significant difference was found between the serum levels of TNFα, IL -4, IL -17 before and after treatment, but the serum expression levels of chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8) were higher before treatment in acute infectious urticaria than after treatment. In this study, both CCL8 and CRP were positively correlated with neutrophil granulocytes. In addition, there was a significant correlation between CRP level and IL-6. Neutrophil granulocyte activation, which was significantly correlated with high expression of CCL8, may be involved in the pathogenic mechanism of acute infectious urticaria.
Weight perception and Self-rated Health: Are There Differences Between Cancer Survivors and Non-Cancer Survivors?
Authors: Lee Kayoung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To compare relationships between self-perceived weight and self-rated health (SRH) between cancer survivors and non-cancer survivors.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted for the associations of self-perceived weight status, measured BMI categories, and combined categories by self-perceived weight and measured BMI with SRH in 1622 cancer survivors and 29903 non-cancer survivors using complex samples ordinal regression analysis after adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and concurrent diseases..Results: Compared to the comparison group (those who were normal weight and self-perceived as average weight in non-cancer survivors), adjusted odds for poorer SRH were higher in cancer survivors and non-cancer survivors who were underweight and self-perceived as underweight (adjusted odds ratios[aORs], 2.69 for non-cancer survivors;2.62 for cancer survivors), those who were normal weight but self-perceived as underweight or overweight (aORs, 1.69-2.38 for non-cancer survivors;2.34-3.78 for cancer survivors), and those who were overweight and self-perceived as overweight (aORs, 1.52 for non-cancer survivors; 2.42 for cancer survivors). In cancer survivors, the odds for poorer SRH was greater for those who were normal weight and self-perceived as average weight (aOR=1.84), whereas the odds was not significant for those who were underweight or overweight and self-perceived as average weight. In non-cancer survivors who self-perceived as average weight, the odds for poorer SRH was significant in those with underweight (aOR=1.35) or overweight (aOR=0.84).Conclusion: According to actual weight status, the association between self-perceived weight and SRH may differ between cancer survivors and non-cancer survivors.
Exosomal miR-29b-3p derived from cancer- associated fibroblasts contributes to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell progression by NAA60 hypomethylation
Authors: Xia Haifeng , Lu Fei , Pan Liangbin , Xu Chengcheng , Ma Haitao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main cell types in the tumor microenvironment. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common type of esophageal cancer. In this study, we will explore the molecular mechanism of CAFs promoting the effect of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Exosomes secreted by HEEC cells (normal esophageal epithelial cells) and EC109 cells (ESCC cells) were extracted and labeled as EXO-HEEC and EXO-EC109, respectively. Morphology of exosomes was observed by electron microscope. The expression of exosome specific marker protein was detected by Western blot. The expression of miR-29b-3p in exosomes was detected by qRT-PCR. EC109 cell line was constructed to interfere with miR-29b-3p. Tumor cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and tumor cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay.Results: We demonstrated hypomethylation of the promoter of NAA60 in ESCC-associated fibroblasts, and that overexpression of NAA60 induces the transformation of fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts. In addition, our results showed that the expression level of NAA60 increased significantly after DNMT3A interference, and miR-29b-3p was most significantly expressed in exosomes and miR-29b-3p had the best binding with DMNT3A. Further experiments confirmed that interference of miR-29b-3p inhibited the progression of ESCC cells through NAA60 hypomethylation after transferring from CAFs to cancer cells. Conclusions: This study showed that CAFs promote ESCC progression through exosomal miR-29b-3p, and suggested that inhibition of CAFs-derived miR-29b-3p maybe an alternative approach for ESCC treatment.
The Size and Behavior of Virtual Objects have influence on Functional Exercise and Motivation of Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: a randomized study
Authors: Cikajlo Imre , Hukić Alma , Pertot Anja Udovčić 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe consequences of multiple sclerosis are problems related to movement of extremities, coordination and vision. Heretofore frequent treatment with additional medications can change the course of the disease. Motor relearning of small range movements are important to support daily living activities. We have designed a virtual environment for pick and place task. The user hand and finger movements were tracked with a small infrared camera. The primary objective of the study was to examine the influence of size and behavior of virtual cubes on motor control, motivation and functional performance. The secondary objective was to examine the changes of heart rate and intensity of the task due to the different size and behavior of the virtual objects.MethodsIn the randomized study 84/107 eligible inpatients with multiple sclerosis participated. They were randomized into 4 groups by computer random function; group 1 - small and bouncing, group 2 - small and non-bouncing, group 3 - big and bouncing and group 4 - big and non-bouncing virtual cubes. Each participant took 50 sessions, each up to 2 min in approximately 14 days. Before commencement of the study the participants took visual-spatial and cognitive tests. The participants’ subjective experiences was assessed daily with Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. Box and Blocks Test was carried out before and after the study.ResultsIn the study the group 4 was the most successful (inserted cubes > 9) and the fastest (63.4 SD 25.8 s). The group 1 was the slowest (88.9 SD 28.2 s), but with high interest/enjoyment rate and pressure/tension at high heart rate. There were substantial differences in intrinsic motivation between the 1st and the last session within the groups (Cohen's U3 < 0.3 or > 0.8). Kinematic analysis showed differences between the groups (average manipulation time p = 0.008, inserted cubes p = 0.004).ConclusionsThe size and behavior of virtual objects may be crucial for the motivation of participants with equal visual-spatial and cognitive capabilities while maintaining effort and keep trying to improve their performance. Furthermore, the clinical outcomes can confirm the effectiveness of the approach.Trial registration: The small scale randomized pilot trial has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04266444, 12 February 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04266444
Computed tomography bronchus sign subclassification during radial endobronchial ultrasound-guided bronchoscopy: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Imabayashi Tatsuya , Matsumoto Yuji , Uchimura Keigo , Furuse Hideaki , Tsuchida Takaaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: The presence of computed tomography bronchus sign (CT-BS) substantially increases the diagnostic yield of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) through enhanced lesion identification with radial endobronchial ultrasound (rEBUS). However, the clinical significance of subdividing CT-BS remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic impact of CT-BS subclassification, integrating previously reported classifications.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent endobronchial ultrasound with a guide sheath between April 2012 and October 2015. We classified the bronchus types into six subtypes (types Ia–Ic for CT-BS group I, in which the bronchus led　directly within the lesion, and types IIa–IIc for the group II, in which the bronchus did not) to clarify the differences in their characteristics. We investigated the factors associated with successful rEBUS visualization and diagnosis in CT-BS group I, using a multivariable logistic regression model.Results: A total of 1,327 cases were analyzed, with median diameters of 25.0 mm and 15.6 mm in CT-BS groups I and II, respectively. Our findings in diagnostic yields were that in CT-BS group I, penetrating type Ic was inferior to obstructed type Ia and narrowing type Ib (51.2% vs. 81.2% and 76.3%, P < 0.001), and in CT-BS group II, compressed type IIa, which was typically classified as positive CT-BS, showed no difference when compared with invisible type IIb and uninvolved type IIc (38.0% vs. 32.8% and 34.5%, P = 0.747). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that type Ic had a direct impact on the diagnostic yield (odds ratio: 2.31, P < 0.001) without affecting the rEBUS visualization yield in CT-BS group I.Conclusions: CT-BS subclassification may provide useful information regarding the bronchoscopic technique to facilitate accurate diagnosis of PPLs. The presence of type Ic is a key factor for determining the indication for bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of PPLs with CT-BS.
Gam-COVID-Vac, EpiVacCorona, and CoviVac effectiveness against lung injury during Delta and Omicron variant surges in St. Petersburg, Russia: test-negative case-control study
Authors: Barchuk Anton , Bulina Anna , Cherkashin Mikhail , Berezina Natalia , Rakova Tatyana , Kuplevatskaya Darya , Skougarevskiy Dmitriy , Okhotin Artemiy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Monitoring vaccine effectiveness (VE) remains a priority for epidemiological research throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. VE against infection declines with the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, but VE against the severe disease remains high. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines used in Russia against lung injury during delta and omicron surges. Methods: We designed a case-control study (test-negative design) to estimate VE against any lung injury associated with COVID-19 between October 1, 2021 – April 28, 2022 (Delta variant dominance period followed by Omicron dominance period). We included the data of patients with symptomatic confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection referred to the low-dose computer tomography triage centres. Results: Among 23996 patients in the primary analysis, 13372 (55.7%) had any lung injury, and 338 (1.4%) had severe lung injury. The adjusted for age, sex and triage centre VE against any lung injury was 56% (95% confidence interval 54 to 59) for two-dose Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V), 71% (68 to 74) for three-dose Gam-COVID-Vac (booster), 2% (-27 to 24) for EpiVacCorona, and 46% (37 to 53) for CoviVac. VE against severe lung injury was higher for all vaccines in our study. Conclusions: Gam-COVID-Vac remains effective against lung injury associated with COVID-19, and one Gam-COVID-Vac booster can be seen as an appropriate option after a two-dose regimen. EpiVacCorona use in population-based vaccination should be halted until additional effectiveness and efficacy evidence is provided. CoviVac efficacy and safety data are still required to justify its use in a population-based vaccination despite our study results.Trial registration: The joint study of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in St. Petersburg was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04981405, date of registration — August 4, 2021)
Risk of functional disability associated with solid fuel use and population impact of reducing indoor air pollution in China: a national cohort study
Authors: Ren Ziyang , Sun Weidi , Hou Leying , Shan Shiyi , Zhu Siyu , Yi Qian , Wu You , Guo Chao , Liu Jufen , Song Peige 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background In China, numerous people still rely on solid fuel for household use. To date, the association between household solid fuel use and functional disability, and what benefit reducing household solid fuel usage could bring at the population level to China remain unclear.Method Data were from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Household fuel was classified as clean or solid for cooking or heating. Functional disability was defined as difficulties in any item of activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The associations of household fuel use in 2011 and its transitions between 2011 and 2013 with subsequent ADL or IADL disability were assessed with Cox proportional-hazards models. The number of events prevented in a population (NEPP) was generated to estimate how many functionally disabled patients could be rescued by reducing solid fuel usage. Results A total of 6226 and 9730 participants without prior ADL or IADL disability in 2011 were included. Solid (vs. clean) fuel users were more likely to develop ADL and IADL disability, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1.37 (1.29~1.46) and 1.38 (1.31~1.46) for using both solid cooking and heating fuel. Furthermore, participants that switched heating fuel from solid to clean (vs. keep solid) were about 20% less likely to develop functional disability. Cooking fuel use switching from solid to clean (vs. keep solid) was also negatively associated with IADL disability (HR=0.84, 95% CI 0.74~0.95). Over the next 7 years, raising clean fuel usage to 80% could rescue about 11 million ADL disability and 5 million IADL disability among Chinese aged 45 and older.Conclusion Household solid fuel use was a risk factor for functional disability. Reducing solid fuel usage could help reduce the burden of functional disability in the current aging society of China.
Identification of novel ATRX mutations in Chinese patients with ATRX syndrome related intellectual disability/developmental delay
Authors: Wang Junyu , Yan Huifang , Duan Ruoyu , Xiao Jiangxi , Zhang Yu , Wang Jingmin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD) is a kind of neurodevelopmental disorders of which the genetic etiologies are to be clarified in majority of the patients. The features of ID/DD patients with hemizygous variants in ATRX in China remains unclear due to the rare reports in worldwide.Methods Clinical data of six Chinese pedigrees with hemizygous variants in ATRX and ID/DD was collected. The information of physical examination, blood tests, metabolism screening of blood and urine, cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and whole exome sequencing (WES) of each patient was elaboratively analyzed.Result ID/DD patients with hemizygous variants in ATRX in China were characterized by moderate to profound ID/DD, facial malformations (microcephaly, hypertelorism, low nasal bridge and ear deformities), hypotonia and poor malmyelination. Five ARTX variants in six Chinese patients consisted of missense, in-frame deletion and frameshift variants, two of which were novel.Conclusion Six Chinese ID/DD patients were clinically and genetically diagnosed with ATRX mutations related syndrome (ATRX syndrome). And genotype–phenotype correlation was revealed in the participants, which expanded the clinical and genetic spectrum of ATRX syndrome.
An unreported infraspinatus muscle variation – two-headed infraspinatus minor muscle and three-headed fusion with the teres minor muscle
Authors: Koptas Krzysztof , Zielinska Nicol , Tubbs Richard Shane , Olewnik Łukasz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The infraspinatus muscle is situated under the scapular spine in the infraspinous fossa and inserts into the greater tuberosity of the humerus. It is a component of a crucial shoulder muscle group, the rotator cuff. There are a few interesting additional muscles in the infraspinal region. In the literature they are called the infraspinatus superficialis, infraspinatus minor and infraspinatus accessory muscles. The infraspinatus minor muscle is described as a superficial muscle bundle running under the scapular spine. During routine anatomical dissection, an unreported variation of the infraspinatus minor muscle was found. It derived from the inferior surface of the scapular spine and the infraspinous fossa. It had two heads. The superior head inserted on the greater tuberosity of the humerus. The inferior head inserted on the tendinous part of the infraspinatus muscle. There was also an unusual fusion of the infraspinatus muscle with the teres minor muscle. In this paper we will discuss the anatomical and physiological relationships of this morphological variation.
Mental Health and Visual Acuity in Patients with Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Fonteh Cheryl N. , Mathias Marc , Mandava Naresh , Manoharan Niranjan , Lynch Anne M. , Navo Roxanne , Patnaik Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Visual acuity (VA) loss has been associated with depression in patients with AMD. However, previous studies did not incorporate subgroups of AMD when correlating VA and mental health. The goal of this study was to describe the relationship between VA and mental health questions in patients with different classifications of AMD, and to identify associations of mental health subscale scores. Methods: AMD patients classified by multi-modal imaging were recruited into an AMD registry. Habitual VA was obtained by ophthalmic technicians using the Snellen VA at distance. At enrollment, patients completed the NEI-VFQ-25, which includes 25 questions regarding the patient’s visual functionality. Median with interquartile-range (IQR) scores on the mental health subscale of the VFQ were calculated by AMD classification and VA groups. Univariate and multivariable general linear models were used to estimate associations between mental health scores and variables of interest. Results: 875 patients were included in the study. Patients with bilateral GA or bilateral GA and NV AMD scored lowest on the mental health subscales with a median (IQR) of 58.2 (38-88) and 59.3 (38-88). When stratified by visual acuity, patients with a habitual VA of 20/200 or worse scored the lowest on mental health subscales scores: median of 43.8 (IQR: 31-62). Patients with a VA of 20/20 scored the highest: 87.5 (IQR: 81-94). Habitual VA of the better- and worse-seeing eye and AMD classification were significantly associated with mental health subscale scores (all p<0.0001 in both the univariate and multivariable analysis, except the VA of the worse-seeing eye in multivariable model p=0.027). Patients enrolled during the COVID pandemic had mental health scores that were 2.7 points lower than prior to the pandemic, but this difference was not significant in univariate (p=0.300) or multivariable analysis (p=0.202).Conclusion: There is a significant association between mental health questionnaire scores and AMD classification, as well as VA in both the better and worse-seeing eyes in patients with AMD. It is important for clinicians to recognize feelings of worry/ frustration in these patients, so they can be appropriately referred, screened, and treated for mental health problems.