bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved Representative Particle Monte Carlo method for the simulation of particle growth
Authors: Beutel M. , Dullemond C. P. 
Published: December 2022

Context. A rocky planet is formed out of the agglomeration of around 1040 cosmic dust particles. As dust aggregates grow by coagulation, their number decreases. But until they have grown to hundreds of kilometres, their number still remains well above the number of particles a computer model can handle directly. The growth from micrometres to planetesimal-sized objects therefore has to be modelled using statistical methods, often using size distribution functions or Monte Carlo methods. However, when the particles reach planetary masses, they must be treated individually. This can be done by defining two classes of objects: a class of many small bodies or dust particles treated in a statistical way, and a class of individual bodies such as one or more planets. This introduces a separation between small and big objects, but it leaves open how to transition from small to big objects, and how to treat objects of intermediate sizes.
Aims. We aim to improve the Representative Particle Monte Carlo (RPMC) method, which is often used for the study of dust coagulation, to be able to smoothly transition from the many-particle limit into the single-particle limit.
Results. Our new version of the RPMC method allows for variable swarm masses, making it possible to refine the mass resolution where needed. It allows swarms to consist of few numbers of particles, and it includes a treatment of the transition from swarm to individual particles. The correctness of the method for a simplified two-component test case is validated with an analytical argument. The method is found to retain statistical balance and to accurately describe runaway growth, as is confirmed with the standard constant kernel, linear kernel, and product kernel tests as well as by comparison with a fiducial non-representative Monte Carlo simulation.
The pristine nature of SMSS 1605−1443 revealed by ESPRESSO
Authors: Aguado D. S. , Caffau E. , Molaro P. , Allende Prieto C. , Bonifacio P. , González Hernández J. I. , Rebolo R. , Salvadori S. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Cristiani S. , Pepe F. , Santos N. C. , Cupani G. , Di Marcantonio P. , D’Odorico V. , Lovis C. , Nunes N. J. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Milakovi D. , Rodrigues J. , Schmidt T. M. , Sozzetti A. , Suárez Mascareño A. 
Published: December 2022

Context. SMSS J160540.18−144323.1 is the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) star with the lowest iron abundance ever measured, [Fe/H] = −6.2, which was first reported with the SkyMapper telescope. The carbon abundance is A(C)≈6.1 in the low-C band, as the majority of the stars in this metallicity range. Yet, constraining the isotopic ratio of key species, such as carbon, sheds light on the properties and origin of these elusive stars.
Aims. We performed high-resolution observations of SMSS 1605−1443 with the ESPRESSO spectrograph to look for variations in the radial velocity (vrad) with time. These data have been combined with older MIKE and UVES archival observations to enlarge the temporal baseline. The 12C/13C isotopic ratio is also studied to explore the possibility of mass transfer from a binary companion.
Methods. A cross-correlation function against a natural template was applied to detect vrad variability and a spectral synthesis technique was used to derive 12C/13C in the stellar atmosphere.
Results. We confirm previous indications of binarity in SMSS 1605−1443 and measured a lower limit 12C/13C >  60 at more than a 3σ confidence level, proving that this system is chemically unmixed and that no mass transfer from the unseen companion has happened so far. Thus, we confirm the CEMP-no nature of SMSS 1605−1443 and show that the pristine chemical composition of the cloud from which it formed is currently imprinted in its stellar atmosphere free of contamination.
Ernährung bei Kindern mit cholestatischen Lebererkrankungen
Authors: Mutschler Frauke , Wimmer Karin 
Published: December 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGCholestatische Lebererkrankungen bei Kindern wirken sich negativ auf den Ernährungsstatus, das Wachstum und die Entwicklung aus. Dies zusammen führt zu einem erhöhten Risiko von Morbidität und Mortalität. Kinder mit Cholestase haben neben den Problemen der Maldigestion und Malabsorption einen erhöhten Grundumsatz, eine Malnutrition ist die Folge. Aus diesem Grund spielt die Ernährung eine elementare Rolle, die durch ein professionelles Team begleitet werden sollte. Objektiv und unabhängig von Flüssigkeitsüberladung zu erhebende Messparameter sind vor allem der Oberarmumfang und die Trizeps-Hautfalte, besonders aussagekräftig longitudinal im Verlauf der Ernährungsintervention durch regelmäßige Messungen. Bausteine der Ernährungsintervention sind eine ausreichende Kalorienzufuhr, ein hoher Anteil von Fetten mit mittelkettigen Triglyzeriden (MCT), die Substitution fettlöslicher Vitamine und das Vermeiden von Fastenperioden. Essenzielle Fettsäuren sind ferner für Wachstum und Gehirnentwicklung wichtig. Spezialnahrungen mit MCT oder MCT-Supplemente, die zur Normalkost hinzugegeben werden, kommen zum Einsatz.
Der Einfluss von Schilddrüsenhormonen auf den Knochen
– von der zellulären Ebene, über Mausmodelle bis hin zum
Patienten
Authors: Lademann Franziska , Rauner Martina , Tsourdi Elena 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Schilddrüsenhormone L-Thyroxin und 3,3',5-Triiod-L-thyronin
spielen eine zentrale Rolle im Skelettwachstum und beim Erhalt eines gesunden
Knochens im Erwachsenenalter. Auf zellulärer Ebene sind die Wirkungen
von Schilddrüsenhormonen in Osteoblasten gut erforscht, während
ihre Effekte auf Osteoklasten und Osteozyten nur unzureichend verstanden sind.
Die Behandlung von Osteoblasten mit Schilddrüsenhormonen in vitro
führt zu deren Leistungssteigerung, wobei drei wesentliche Faktoren ihre
zelluläre Wirksamkeit bestimmen können: der Import in die Zelle,
ihre Aktivierung oder Inaktivierung durch Dejodasen und die
Verfügbarkeit der Schilddrüsenhormonrezeptoren.
Präklinische Studien unter Verwendung transgener Mausmodelle zeigen,
dass jeder dieser Faktoren eine wesentliche Rolle im Skelettwachstum und dem
Erhalt der Knochenqualität, -struktur und -mineraldichte spielen.
Schilddrüsenerkrankungen führen zu unterschiedlichen skelettalen
Veränderungen im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter und können in der
Regel durch eine Therapie gut behandelt werden. Sowohl eine Hypo- als auch
Hyperthyreose kann, wenn unbehandelt, im Kindesalter zu Kleinwuchs
führen. In erwachsenen Betroffenen verursacht eine manifeste
Hyperthyreose eine sekundäre Osteoporose mit erhöhten
Frakturrisiko infolge eines gesteigerten Knochenaufbaus und -abbaus. Eine
Hypothyreose hingegen verlangsamt den Knochenumbauzyklus und steigert die
sekundäre Mineralisierung. Da Schilddrüsenhormone den
Knochenumbau direkt regulieren können, nehmen sie ebenfalls Einfluss auf
die Kalzium- und Phosphathomöostase im Körper. Zusammengefasst
sind Schilddrüsenhormone wichtige Regulatoren des Knochen- und
Mineralstoffwechsels.
Synovial Fluid Analysis and Microscopic Assessment of Macrophage Quantities and Morphology in Equine Septic Arthritis
Authors: Strootmann Teresa , Spitzbarth Ingo , della Tommasa Simone , Brehm Walter , Köller Gabor , Troillet Antonia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjective Research and provision of data on macrophages by cytological synovial fluid analysis and light microscopy in horses with septic arthritisMaterial and methods Records of 167 synovial fluid samples were evaluated and subdivided into different groups: (1) non-septic, (2) haematogenous septic arthritis in foals and (3) traumatic/iatrogenic septic arthritis. The effect of joint lavage on synovial fluid cytology and on the occurrence of macrophage phenotypes was investigated.Results Regardless of aetiology and age of the horse, macrophage concentrations in synovial sepsis are decreased to a median of 5–6 % (unaffected joints: 23.5 %) and further diminished by joint lavage. Microscopic assessment led to the identification of 4 phenotypes. Morphological characteristics of type 1 showed similarities to monocytes and predominated in unaffected and in septic joints after lavage.Conclusion and clinical relevance Macrophages are highly versatile by altering their phenotype. A morphological assessment by light microscopy is easily applicable. Type 1 presumably contributes to joint homeostasis.
Sichere Diagnostik der Implantatrotation im hochauflösenden
Ultraschall in Abhängigkeit vom Implantathersteller
Authors: Lohmeyer Jörn Andreas , Shahmiri-Zimmermann Shanly , Keck Maike Katharina 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Rotation eines anatomischen Implantates kann einen vorzeitigen
Implantatwechsel erforderlich machen. Ob eine störende
Formveränderung rotationsbedingt ist, lässt sich klinisch nicht
immer sicher sagen. Der hochauflösende Ultraschall kann helfen, die
genaue Implantatausrichtung zu bestimmen. Die Richtungsmarkierungen von
anatomischen Implantaten werden durch die Hersteller jedoch sehr uneinheitlich
umgesetzt. Ohne genaue Kenntnis der zu erwartenden Bildgebung ist eine
eindeutige Diagnostik daher nicht möglich. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine
abgrenzende Darstellung der Bildgebung gängiger Implanatmarken im
hochauflösenden Ultraschall. Methoden Zur Simulation einer
authentischen Darstellung erfolgte die Untersuchung von anatomischen Implantaten
durch eine auf 1,5–2 cm ausgedünnten Bauchhaut, die im
Rahmen einer klassischen Abdominoplastik gewonnen wurde. Verglichen wurden
Implantate der Firmen Allergan, Eurosilicone, Mentor, Motiva, Nagor, Polytech
und Sebbin. Dabei erfolgte die Dokumentation der Markierungspositionen und
-abmessungen in der Ultraschalldiagnostik. Ergebnisse Durch Platzierung
und Form ist unter den verwendeten Implantaten grundsätzlich eine
eindeutige Zuordnung der Ausrichtung und Herstellerfirma möglich. Die
Bodenplatte war bei allen Fabrikaten klar darstellbar. Beim Hersteller Polytech
ist die sichtbare Strukturänderung jedoch auf ein sehr kleines,
zentrales Areal begrenzt. Auch die Darstellung der Bodenplatte sowie die
Implantathülle lassen Schlüsse auf den Hersteller
zu.Zusammenfassung Im hochauflösenden Ultraschall ist eine
schnelle und zuverlässige Diagnostik der Implantatausrichtung
möglich. Auch die Herstellerfirma ließ sich in diesem Rahmen
eindeutig zuordnen. Dabei kann auch ein Umkippen (flip over) sicher festgestellt
werden. Die hier zusammengefasste Katalogisierung der Markierungen
ermöglicht sowohl den Hersteller zu identifizieren als auch die
Implantatausrichtung sicher zu bestimmen.
Effects of Intrauterine Infusion of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma in Women Undergoing Treatment with Assisted Reproductive Technology: a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Hu Shifu , Jin Zhishan , Tang Qianqian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose This meta-analysis was conducted to systematically retrieve relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and evaluate the effects of intrauterine infusion of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in women with thin endometrium, implantation or pregnancy failure undergoing treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the retrieved RCTs. Studies on the intrauterine infusion of PRP in women undergoing treatment with ART that were published in PubMed, the Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Embase from inception until June 2022 were included. The data were extracted and analyzed independently using the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to heterogeneity.Results Seven RCTs involving 861 patients (435 in the intervention group and 426 in the control group) were included. The rates of clinical pregnancy (risk ratio [RR]: 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0–3.13; P < 0.00001), chemical pregnancy (RR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.58–2.45; P < 0.00001), live births (RR: 7.03; 95% CI: 3.91–12.6; P < 0.00001), and implantation (RR: 3.27; 95% CI: 1.42–7.52; P = 0.005) were significantly higher in the women who received PRP infusion than in the control group. No significant differences were noted in the miscarriage rate (RR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.39–2.42; P = 0.96) between the two groups.Conclusion In summary, intrauterine infusion of PRP may be an effective therapy for women with thin endometrium and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) undergoing treatment with ART. More population-based RCTs are warranted to verify the efficacy of our evidence.
Methoden zur fortlaufenden Körperkonditionsbeurteilung von Milchkühen – eine Übersicht
Authors: Panne Nicola Carina , Mansfeld Rolf 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Körperkonditionsbeurteilungsmethoden Body Condition Scoring (BCS) und Rückenfettdickemessung mittels Ultraschall (RFDM) beim Rind bieten gute und praktikable Möglichkeiten, die Energiebilanz einer Milchkuh in der Trockenstehphase und in der Frühlaktation zu beurteilen. Für den vorliegenden Übersichtsartikel wurde eine umfangreiche Recherche der wissenschaftlichen Literatur (online und analog) durchgeführt. Die verschiedenen Arbeiten wurden in ein Literaturverwaltungsprogramm eingepflegt und kategorisiert. Das BCS ist das Mittel der Wahl, um schnell und präzise einen Überblick über die Verläufe der Körperkondition von Kühen eines Bestands während des Reproduktionszyklus zu bekommen. Die Rückenfettdicke (RFD) kann durch exakt messbare Werte vor allem bei der Einzel- oder Kleingruppenbetreuung herangezogen werden. Ziel derartiger Verfahren ist es, den Energiehaushalt der Milchkuh in der Frühlaktation unter Berücksichtigung der Energieaufnahme und der Energieabgabe optimal zu steuern, um die Inzidenzen von Erkrankungen wie Fettmobilisationssyndrom und Ketose zu minimieren und dementsprechend eine bessere Tiergesundheit und optimale Leistung zu schaffen.
Samarium and Ytterbium in Organic Electrosynthesis
Authors: Lundberg Helena , Röckl Johannes L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLow-valent lanthanide catalysts and reagents are well-established as versatile and tunable mediators for a variety of synthetic transformations. Despite the contemporary interest in electricity as a sustainable alternative to stoichiometric redox reagents, electrochemical (re)generation of such low-valent metal complexes in a synthetic setting is surprisingly limited. With focus on samarium and ytterbium, this review presents a comprehensive overview of electroreductive-mediated transformations with the hope of inspiring further work in this very useful field of research.1	Introduction2	Compounds Containing Carbon–Oxygen Bonds2.1	Ethers2.2	Aldehydes and Ketones2.3	Esters and Phthalimides3	Compounds Containing Nitrogen–Oxygen Bonds4	Compounds Containing Carbon–Halide Bonds5	Conclusions
Curative Effect and Mechanisms of Radix Arnebiae Oil on Burn Wound Healing in Rats
Authors: Gao Ting , Zhao Yu , Zhao Yuna , He Yanping , Huang Qi , Yang Jianhong , Zhang Liming , Chen Jing 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRadix arnebiae oil (RAO) is a clinically useful traditional Chinese medical formula with outstanding curative effects on burns. However, the mechanism of the effect of RAO on wound healing
remains unclear. The present study investigates the molecular mechanisms of the potential curative effect of RAO on wound healing. The concentrations of the main constituents, shikonin,
imperatorin, and ferulic acid in RAO detected by HPLC were 24.57, 3.15, and 0.13 mg/mL, respectively. A rat burn model was established, and macroscopic and histopathological studies were
performed. RAO significantly accelerated wound closure and repair scarring, increased superoxide dismutase activities, and reduced malondialdehyde. RAO also downregulated interleukin (IL)-6,
IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in wound tissues and increased secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor
(TGF)-β1. RAO increased the gene expression of TGF-β1, type I and III collagen, and increased the protein expression of TGF-β1 and phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. In
conclusion, RAO likely promotes wound healing via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and increases re-epithelization. Activation of the TGF-β1/PI3K/Akt pathway may play an
important role in the healing efficacy of RAO. These findings suggest that RAO could be a promising alternative local treatment for burn wound healing.
Application of Supercharge End-to-Side (SETS) Obturator to Femoral Nerve Transfer in Electrical Injury-Induced Neuropathy to Improve Knee Extension
Authors: Wu Katie Pei-Hsuan , Lin Li-Ching , Lu Johnny Chuieng-Yi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFemoral nerve injuries are devastating injuries that lead to paralysis of the quadriceps muscles, weakening knee extension to prohibit ambulation. We report a devastating case of electrical injury-induced femoral neuropathy, where no apparent site of nerve disruption can be identified, thus inhibiting the traditional choices of nerve reconstruction such as nerve repair, grafting, or transfer. Concomitant spinal cord injury resulted in spastic myopathy of the antagonist muscles that further restricted knee extension. Our strategy was to perform (1) supercharge end-to-side technique (SETS) to augment the function of target muscles and (2) fractional tendon lengthening to release the spastic muscles. Dramatic postoperative improvement in passive and active range of motion highlights the effectiveness of this strategy to manage partial femoral nerve injuries.
How Did We Get Here? Antithrombotic Therapy after Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review
Authors: Eikelboom Rachel , Whitlock Richard P. , Lopes Renato D. , Siegal Deborah , Jaffer Iqbal H. , Drakos Paul , Schulman Sam , Belley-Côté Emilie P. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Importance Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular disease, and more than 90% of patients who undergo aortic valve replacement receive a bioprosthetic valve. Yet optimal antithrombotic therapy after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement remains uncertain, and guidelines provide contradictory recommendations.
Observations Randomized studies of antithrombotic therapy after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement are small and underpowered. Observational data present opposing, and likely confounded, results. Historically, changes to guidelines have not been informed by high-quality new data. Current guidelines from different professional bodies provide contradictory recommendations despite citing the same evidence.
Conclusion Insufficient antithrombotic therapy after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement has serious implications: ischemic stroke, systemic arterial thromboembolism, and clinical and subclinical valve thromboses. Unnecessarily intense antithrombotic therapy, however, increases risk of bleeding and associated morbidity and mortality. Professional bodies have used the current low-quality evidence and generated incongruent recommendations. Researchers should prioritize generating high-quality, randomized evidence evaluating the risks and benefits of antiplatelet versus anticoagulant therapy after bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement.
Reevaluation of the Merits and Demerits of Prophylactic Gastrostomy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Kitoh Ryosuke , Iwasa Yoh-ichiro , Yokota Yoh , Matsuura Kazuki , Takumi Yutaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConcurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is one of the standard treatment strategies for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Prophylactic percutaneous gastrostomy (pPEG) has been reported to be useful for nutritional intervention during CCRT. On the other hand, disadvantages such as complications of gastrostomy itself and long-term PEG dependence have also been reported. In the present study, we conducted a retrospective review of the data of HNSCC cases treated with CCRT and reevaluate the merit and demerit of pPEG. Patients with pharyngeal carcinoma treated by CCRT between 2015 and 2020 were enrolled for this analysis. In this study, we limited our analysis to those who received the following treatments: Radiation therapy was planned for a total dose of 70 Gy, and the concomitant chemotherapy regimen was high-dose (100 mg/m2) CDDP administered intravenously once every three weeks (three cycles). A total of 54 patients who underwent pPEG met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen patients who had received similar treatment without pPEG during the study period were used as a control group for comparison. The results revealed that in the pPEG group, there were fewer cases with a weight loss of 10% or more, nutritional intervention was started relatively early, and the hospitalization period after the end of CCRT was shorter as compared with the status in the non-PEG group. In regard to PEG tube dependence, the rate of PEG tube usage at 6 months after CCRT was relatively low, at approximately 13%. No significant factor was identified in this study regarding the need for nutritional intervention by routes, including PEG tube, nasogastric tube, and total parenteral nutrition, other than oral intake. In the review of the literature, it seemed difficult to make a simple comparison due to the lack of uniformity in the selection criteria for pPEG, patient background, and treatment intensity.
Uniqueness of orders and parameters in multi-term time-fractional diffusion equations by short-time behavior
Authors: Liu Yikan , Yamamoto Masahiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As the most significant difference from parabolic equations, long-time or short-time behavior of solutions to time-fractional evolution equations is dominated by the fractional orders, whose unique determination has been frequently investigated in literature. Unlike all the existing results, in this article we prove the uniqueness of orders and parameters (up to a multiplier for the latter) only by principal terms of asymptotic expansions of solutions near t = 0 at a single spatial point. Moreover, we discover special conditions on unknown initial values or source terms for the coincidence of observation data. As a byproduct, we can even conclude the uniqueness for initial values or source terms by the same data. The proof relies on the asymptotic expansion after taking the Laplace transform and the completeness of generalized eigenfunctions.
Microscopic dynamics and Bose–Einstein condensation in liquid helium
Authors: Trachenko K 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We review fundamental problems involved in liquid theory including both classical and quantum liquids. Understanding classical liquids involves exploring details of their microscopic dynamics and its consequences. Here, we apply the same general idea to quantum liquids. We discuss momentum condensation in liquid helium which is consistent with microscopic dynamics in liquids and high mobility of liquid atoms. We propose that mobile transit atoms accumulate in the finite-energy state where the transit speed is close to the speed of sound. In this state, the transit energy is close to the oscillatory zero-point energy. In momentum space, the accumulation operates on a sphere with the radius set by interatomic spacing and corresponds to zero net momentum. We show that this picture is supported by experiments, including the measured kinetic energy of helium atoms below the superfluid transition and sharp peaks of scattered intensity at predicted energy. We discuss the implications of this picture including the macroscopic wave function and superfluidity.