bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Floating Object Directions on Rip Current at Beaches by Using Deflectors
Authors: Hassan Reda M. A. , Abd-Elmonem Ibrahim M. , Iskander Mohb M. , Almaghraby Mostafa M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces an innovative deflector system to reduce the threats of rip currents. The objectives of this research are; the assessment of the proposed tool to deflect the floating subjects caught by rip currents, study the effect of deflector angles on the values and directions of the rip current velocities and investigate the effect of the deflector distances from the shoreline on rip currents. To achieve the study objectives, experimental works, field measurements, and mathematical formula derivation of different parameters, were carried out. The proposed deflector systems were modelled with different shapes and materials. The experiments were executed first without placing the proposed deflectors, as a reference case (A). Then three different types of the proposed deflectors were checked with different water depths (5, 7.5, 10, and 15 cm), different wave frequencies (15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 min− 1), and different distances (95, 105, and 125 cm) for the deflector seaward from the shoreline were examined. The rip current velocities have inversed relation to the distance of the deflector from the shoreline. In addition, it is concluded that the deflectors can direct the swimmers away from the center of rip currents; so, to minimize drowning. It is recommended to investigate the effect of using different scales of the proposed deflectors on the rip current behaviour.
Ultrasonographic features of cervical lymph node metastases from medullary thyroid cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Ni Xiaofeng , Xu Shangyan , Zhan Weiwei , Zhou Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate sonographic features of cervical lymph node metastases from medullary thyroid cancer (LNM-MTC), as compared with lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid cancer (LNM-PTC).Methods: A total of 42 MTC patients with 52 metastatic LNs and 188 PTC patients with 208 metastatic LNs who were confirmed by fine needle aspiration and post-operative pathology, were enrolled in this study. The clinical characteristics and sonographic features of LNs were compared between the two groups. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on the sonographic features of LNs, including short and long-axis diameter, long-axis diameter/short-axis, shape, border, hilum, echogenicity, calcifications, cystic change and vascularity pattern.Results: The mean age of patients with LNM-MTC was 46.81±13.05, which was older than that of LNM-PTC group (P=0.000). No differences were observed in gender, location, long-axis diameter/short-axis, shape, border, echogenicity, cystic change and vascularity pattern between LNM-MTC and LNM-PTC groups (P >0.05, for all). However, long-axis and short-axis diameter, hilum and calcifications were statistically different between these two groups (P<0.05, for all).Conclusion: Compared with LNM-PTC, LNM-MTC tended to have the sonographic characteristics of larger size, absence of hilum, and less calcifications, and awareness of these features might be helpful to in the diagnosis of LNM-MTC.
Other operations Versus MBG Procedure of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Qifan , Liu Jing , Tan Lei , Zhou Pengcheng , Zhu Dong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This study performed a randomized data meta-analysis to assess The Modified Brostrom-Gould (MBG) for proven chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI).
Methods
All randomized clinical trials comparing Other operations and published MBG were found by searching the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The Review Manager 5.4 software was used to compare the two groups regarding postoperative functional score, ankle stability, and complications. Risk Ratio (RR) and Mean Differences(MD) were used in meta-analyses.
Results
8 experiments are suitable for it, 426 patients were enrolled, and 222 patients underwent Other operations surgery. Among the six outcome indicators, in terms of FAOS scores, the Other operations group has an advantage, 8.34 points higher than MBG; others show no significant differences.
Conclusions
Based on this meta-analysis, the author believes that Other operations have a clinical advantage compared with the Other operations group.
Synthesis and characterization of poly(butanediol sebacate-butanediol) terephthalate (PBSeT) reinforced by hydrogen bond containing amide group, with good mechanical properties and improved water vapor barrier
Authors: Feng Yu , Li Yingchun , Almalki Abdulraheem S.A. , Meng Xiangning , Alhadhrami A. , Ye Xinming , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Guo Xin , Algadi Hassan , Huang Mina , Winchestor William , Wang Zhe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded PBSeT copolyesters are synthesized by introducing a polar amide unit into the molecular chain by adding decyldiamine. Two-step esterification and one-step polycondensation melt polymerization were adopted. ATR-FTIR and 1HNMR demonstrated the successful introduction of the amide unit. The effect of adding an amide unit on many properties was also discussed. Due to the formation of hydrogen bond, the force of the molecular chain is increased, the crystallinity is increased by 5.91%, and the yield strength and tear strength are increased by 40.7% and 74.8%, respectively. The addition of 1,10-decyldiamine has no significant effect on the glass transition temperature and thermal stability of polyester. The introduction of an amide unit decreased free volume and increased combined crystallinity, which also increased the water vapor barrier. At the same time, PBSeT copolyester still maintained its biodegradability under hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis. This paper discusses a synthesis method of PBSeT copolyester strengthened by a hydrogen bond. The modified material has higher crystallinity, better mechanical properties, and a better water vapor barrier while maintaining certain biodegradation ability. It can be used in disposable products, food packaging, and other fields.
Efficient and rapid removal of chromium (VI) using industrial waste derived nanoparticles: Optimization and mechanisms
Authors: Hamadeen Hala M. , Elkhatib Elsayed A. , Moharem Mohamed L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the existence of metal ions in the environment like chromium (VI) is of significant worry because of its high toxicity to many life forms. Therefore, in this study, an inexpensive and eco-friendly nano-adsorbent (nWTRs) was produced from the waste of drinking water industry for effective elimination of Cr (VI) from wastewater. The mineralogical and morphological characterization and compositions of the bulk and nano- adsorbents were performed. The adsorption capabilities of nWTRs for Cr(VI) under different experimental conditions of adsorbent dosage, time, Cr (VI) concentration, solution pH, and competitive ions were investigated. The nWTRs adsorbent exhibits very rapid adsorption potential (92 %) for Cr (VI) within the first 15 min. Langmuir model showed high predictive capability for describing Cr (VI) sorption equilibrium data while the sorption kinetics data of Cr (VI) were perfectly fitted to the model of second-order kinetics. High immobilization capability of nWTRs for sorbed Cr (VI) is evident as most of adsorbed Cr (VI) was associated with the residual fraction. The nWTRs efficiency of Cr (VI) removal from wastewater using batch and column techniques were 98.12 and 96.86 respectively. Electrostatic interactions, outer sphere complexation and pore filling are the main mechanisms suggested for binding of Cr(VI) with functional groups of nWTRs. This study demonstrates that the green low-cost nWTRs have the potential to decontaminate industrial wastewater effluents containing Cr (VI).
Biomimetic hydrogel blanket for conserving and recovering intrinsic cell properties
Authors: Um Seung-Hoon , Seo Youngmin , Seo Hyunseon , Lee Kyungwoo , Park Sun Hwa , Jeon Jung Ho , Lim Jung Yeon , Ok Myoung-Ryul , Kim Yu-Chan , Kim Hyunjung , Cheon Cheol-Hong , Han Hyung-Seop , Edwards James R. , Kim Sung Won , Jeon Hojeong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Cells in the human body experience different growth environments and conditions, such as pressure and oxygen concentrations, depending on the type and location of the tissue. For this reason, a culture device that emulates the environment inside the body to study cells outside the body is required. Method: A blanket-type cell culture device (Direct Contact Pressing: DCP) was fabricated with an alginate-based hydrogel. Changes in cell morphology due to DCP pressure were observed with a phase-contrast microscope. The modification of oxygen permeability and pressure according to the hydrogel concentration of DCP was analyzed. To compare the effects of DCP with normal or artificial hypoxic culture, groups were divided into normal culture (Normal), use of DCP culture device (Pressing), and artificial hypoxia environment (Hypoxia). Changes in phenotype, genes, and GAG amounts according to each environment were evaluated. In addition, through the results of culture environment-gene and cell morphology analysis, the mechanism of each culture environment on the conserving chondrocytes intrinsic properties was suggested.Results: When human primary chondrocytes—which require pressure and a low-oxygen environment during culture to maintain their innate properties—were cultured using the hydrogel blanket, the original shapes and properties of chondrocytes were maintained, and recovery of intrinsic properties was observed even in aged cells which lost their original cell properties. Conclusion: A direct contact pressing culture method with the use of a biomimetic hydrogel blanket provides cells with adjustable physical pressure and a low-oxygen environment. Through this technique could maintain the original cellular phenotypes and intrinsic properties of human primary chondrocytes.
Population pharmacokinetic characteristics of tacrolimus in Chinese lung transplant recipients and optimisation of dosing regimen
Authors: Zhou Shouning , Lian Qiaoyan , Xie Hui , Guan Yanping , He Jianxing , Wei Li , Ju Chunrong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To establish a population pharmacokinetic model and optimise tacrolimus dosing regimens in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients. Methods: A total of 780 tacrolimus trough concentrations and clinical data of 127 adult lung transplant recipients were collected. Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a nonlinear mixed effects model. A Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to determine the optimal dosing regimen. 41 patients with 97 tacrolimus trough concentrations were used for external validation.Results: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus could be best described by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. The estimated apparent clearance and volume of distribution were 3.43 L·h-1 and 60.72 L, respectively. The clearance of tacrolimus in the CYP3A5 rapid and intermediate metabolisers were 2.68 and 2.07 times higher than those of CYP3A5 poor metaboliser, respectively. When HCT decreased from 0.30 to 0.20, the clearance of tacrolimus elevated by 32.28% and the apparent distribution volume increased by 33.90%. The clearance of tacrolimus was decreased of 25.99%, 11.49%, 38.12% by concomitant use of voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole respectively. The model was successfully internally and externally validated. Recommended dose regimens were obtained by Monte Carlo simulation based on the established model.Conclusion: A population pharmacokinetic model of tacrolimus in Chinese Han lung transplant recipients was successfully constructed. Recipients with the CYP3A5*1/*1 genotype, low HCT value, and concomitant with AFDs after surgery needed a higher maintenance dose to reach the therapeutic window, which provided a reference for the formulation of individualised tacrolimus regimen.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: a surrogate of P-SILI in critically ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Elabbadi Alexandre , Urbina Tomas , Berti Enora , Contou Damien , Plantefève Gaëtan , Soulier Quintana , Milon Audrey , Carteaux Guillaume , Voiriot Guillaume , Fartoukh Muriel , Gibelin Aude 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP) was described early during the COVID-19 pandemic in large series of patient with severe pneumonia, but all partly involved patients with invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) at the time of SP diagnosis. We aimed, in this retrospective multicenter observational study, to describe the prevalence and outcomes of SP during severe COVID-19 pneumonia before any IMV, in order to rule out mechanisms induced by IMV in the development of pneumomediastinum. A total of 551 patients were included. Twenty-one (4%) developed a SP while under non-invasive respiratory support, with a median of 6 days [4–12] from ICU admission. Although the proportion of patients eventually requiring IMV was similar, time to tracheal intubation was longer in patients with SP (6 days [4–13] vs. 2 days [1–4]; P = 0.0001), with a higher first-line use of non-invasive ventilation (n = 11; 52% vs. n = 150; 28%). By focusing on the 21 patients who developed a SP we noticed persisting signs of severe lung disease and respiratory failure with lower ROX index between admission and occurrence of SP (3.94 [3.15–5.55] at ICU admission vs. 3.25 [2.73–4.02] the day preceding SP; P = 0.1) which may underlie potential indirect signals of patient-self inflicted lung injury (P-SILI). In this series of critically-ill COVID-19 patients, prevalence of SP without invasive mechanical ventilation was not uncommon, affecting 4% of patients and was associated with higher need for vital supports and longer ICU length of stay. One pathophysiological mechanism may potentially be carried-out by P-SILI related to a prolonged respiratory failure as underlined by a delayed use of IMV and the evolution of ROX index between ICU admission and the day preceding SP.
Impact of clinical pharmacist discharge prescription review on the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy: A retrospective comparison
Authors: Spigelmyer Amy , Howard Catessa , Rybakov Ilya , Burwell Sheena , Slain Douglas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing upon hospital discharge has been identified as a significant problem. Despite high rates of antibiotic prescription errors, there is no widely accepted antimicrobial stewardship initiative to prevent such errors. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to determine the impact of hospital-based clinical pharmacist discharge prescription review on the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions. Method: This was an observational study comparing the appropriateness of hospital discharge antibiotic prescriptions between two similar internal medicine services. One cohort of patients were admitted to a Medicine service where rounding clinical pharmacists perform routine antibiotic discharge assessment, and the comparator cohort were admitted to a Hospitalist service without routine pharmacist discharge antibiotic review.Results: Our study included 150 cases per cohort. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, with the exception of increased age (p=0.025) and fewer cases of ABSSSI (p=0.001) in the Hospitalist cohort. Antibiotic appropriateness was considerably greater in the Medicine (pharmacist) group versus Hospitalist group [(83% versus 54%, respectively (p<0.00001)]. Difference in appropriateness was mainly driven by pneumonia and UTI prescriptions. Conclusions: Appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions significantly improved in the setting of pharmacist discharge review. This initiative highlights the important role of clinical pharmacists in outpatient antimicrobial stewardship.
Analysis of plant social network for sustainable development in Mudeungsan National Park
Authors: Jeong Jeongchae 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, the vascular flora of Mudeungsan National Park, which is recognized as an area with high ecological value, was investigated, and based on this, the plant social network was visualized and analyzed. 1,255 plots were set up to include various vegetation such as major plant communities, ridges of the summit, and main trails, and a list of all plants appearing in each plot prepared. Based on the list of all plants, a 2×2 contigency table was prepared, χ2 test was performed, and a matrix table was prepared for analysis of association between taxa. Based on the positive correlation, the plant social network structure was visualized using the Gephi 0.9.2 tool, and the network structure was analyzed. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the sustainable development of Mudeungsan National Park by applying the social network concept used in sociology to plant social and analyzing the interrelationship between plants. The results of this study will be used as basic data for restoration of habitats damaged by people's interference, which will help preserve habitats and sustainable development. In addition, continuous investigation can provide basic data to predict the response of plant communities due to climate change and foreign species inflow. In addition, continuous plant social network data accumulation can provide basic data that can predict the response of plant communities to climate change and the introduction of alien species.
The importance of m6A methylation in the diagnosis and subtype classification of osteoarthritis analyzed by the Gene Expression Omnibus Database
Authors: Hu Shidong , Shen Chen , Yao Xudong , Zou Yulong , Wang Ting , Sun Xianding , Nie Mao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease in orthopedics. RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) exerts an essential effect in a variety of biological processes in the eukaryotes. In this study, we determined the effect of m6A regulators in the OA diagnosis along with performing the subtype classification. Differential analysis of OA and normal samples in the database of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) identified 9 significantly differentially expressed m6A regulators. These regulators were monitored by a random forest algorithm so as to evaluate the risk of developing OA disease. On the basis of these 9 moderators, a nomogram was established. The results of decision curve analysis (DCA) suggested that the patients could benefit from a nomogram model. The OA sample was classified as 2 m6A models through a consensus clustering algorithm in accordance with these 9 regulators. These 2 m6A patterns were then assessed with principal component analysis (PCA). We also determined the m6A scores for the 2 m6A patterns and their correlation with immune infiltration. The results indicated that type A had a higher m6A score than type B. Thus, we suggest that the m6A pattern may provide a new approach for diagnose and provide novel ideas for molecular targeted therapy of OA.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus post-COVID-19: a trigger or a coincidence? A case report
Authors: Deen Nashwan Zainal , Hnish Mohamed , Attal Saleh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:Diabetes mellitus is proven to be one of the highest risks of developing severe illness in people infected with COVID-19, particularly in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Several research works have been done to study the relationship between COVID-19 and new-onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Case presentation:We are reporting a case of 25 years old Arabic male who had a mild COVID-19 infection and presented with type 1 diabetes mellitus with low C-peptide and positive anti-GAD two months after the infection.Conclusions:In conclusion, our case highlights a possible exacerbation of autoimmunity due to COVID-19 that induced or accelerated development of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Our case highlights a possible exacerbation of autoimmunity due to COVID-19 that induced or accelerated development of T1DM. Therefore, clinicians should always keep in mind the possibility of new-onset T1DM following a COVID-19 infection
The incidence and outcomes of late-term pregnancy
Authors: Mehrnoush Vahid , Ranjbar Amene , Darsareh Fatemeh , Shekari Mitra , Jahromi Maliheh Shirzadfard 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: In low-risk women, it is being debated whether to induce labor at 41 weeks + 0 days or to allow the pregnancy to continue until 42 weeks + 0 days. Post-term pregnancy is linked to poor perinatal and maternal outcomes. However, little is known about the outcomes of late-term pregnancy. In this study, we aim to assess the incidence and adverse prenatal outcomes associated with late-term pregnancy.Methods: We retrospectively assessed all the singleton pregnant mothers who gave birth at Khaleej-e-Fars Hospital in Bandar Abbas, Iran, between January 2020-2022. All preterm and post-term deliveries were excluded. Mothers were divided into two groups: 1) late-term mothers and 2) term mothers. Term pregnancy was defined as 37 0/7 weeks to 40 6/7 weeks of gestation, and late-term pregnancy was defined as 41 0/7 weeks to 41 6/7 weeks of gestation. Demographic factors, obstetrical factors, maternal comorbidities, and prenatal outcomes were extracted from the electronic data of each mother. The incidence of late-term births was calculated. The Chi-square test was used to compare differences between the groups. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of prenatal outcome with late-term pregnancy.Results: There were 8888 singleton deliveries during the study period. 1269 preterm and post-term pregnancies were ruled out. 309 (4.1%) of the 7619 deliveries were late-term, while 7310 (95.9%) were term. There were no sociodemographic differences between term and late-term mothers. The late-term group had a higher prevalence of primiparous mothers, and the term group had a higher prevalence of diabetes. Late-term mothers had a higher rate of macrosomia, meconium amniotic fluid, fetal distress, and a lower rate of LBW. After adjusting for confounders, late-term mothers had a higher risk of macrosomia aOR 2.24 (CI: 1.34-3.01), meconium amniotic fluid aOR 2.32 (CI: 1.59-3.14), and fetal distress aOR 2.38 (CI: 1.54-2.79). When compared to term pregnancy, the risk of LBW was lower in late-term pregnancy aOR 0.69 (CI: 0.36-0.81). Conclusions: Late-term pregnancy was found to be more likely to be associated with macrosomia, meconium amniotic fluid, and fetal distress, but serious maternal and neonatal adverse events were comparable to term pregnancy.