bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Methods for Identifying and Quantifying Ice Rafted Debris on the Antarctic Margin
Authors: McKay Robert , Albot Olga , Dunbar Gavin B. , Lee Jae Il , Lee Min Kyung , Yoo Kyu‐Cheul , Kim Sunghan , Turton Nikita , Kulhanek Denise , Patterson Molly , Levy Richard 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuantification of ice rafted debris (IRD) abundances in deep‐sea records is often used as a key proxy for identifying links between ice sheet instability and the oceanic overturning circulation. There currently exist multiple methods to determine IRD content in deep‐sea sediment cores. The preference for a given method is often determined by the accessibility to core material and destructive nature of some methods. While many studies have discussed the caveats between linking IRD to ice sheet dynamics, the uncertainties relating to the methodological approaches are often not considered in the interpretation or comparisons between different IRD datasets, particularly in the Antarctic. To address this, we compare three independent methodologies of obtaining IRD abundances and also discuss how different approaches will affect determinations of mass accumulation rates (MARs). The three methodologies we examine include: counting clasts >2 mm in x‐radiographs; the sieved weight percentage of the medium‐to‐coarse sand fraction (250 μm–2 mm); and volumetric estimates of the >125 μm sand fraction using laser diffraction particle size analysis. The x‐radiograph and sieve methods produced comparable results, while the laser particle size analysis, although showing comparable long‐term signals at most locations, in general has lower correlation to the other two methods and therefore a higher potential to obtain a noisy signal. We discuss the caveats associated with all methods, and emphasize that a combination of multiple methods should ideally be employed when assessing if a core is suitable for IRD study, and if sand or gravel fractions are accurately reflecting contents of IRD.
Active Tectonics of the North Tunisian Continental Margin
Authors: Camafort Miquel , Ranero César R. , Gràcia Eulàlia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA poorly defined boundary between the Nubia and Eurasian plates runs along the Northern Tunisian continental margin. The Tunisia margin is deformed by a slow NW–SE trending convergence resulting in a diffuse deformation zone with scarce and scattered seismicity compared to the seismic activity into the neighboring regions to the east and west along the boundary. The area has been poorly studied and therefore its recent evolution is almost unknown, particularly offshore. Here, we present a structural analysis of the active tectonics in this submarine continental margin. The data used for this analysis are high‐resolution bathymetric maps together with parametric echosounder images which have allowed to obtain a map of active faulting with unprecedented detail. The structural analysis supports a dominantly transpressive to compressive component of faulting, resulting from the current regional NW–SE trending compressive regime between plates. The North‐eastern Domain of the study region contains the highest number of active faults with numerous pockmarks aligned along them. This study shows that the plate boundary across the North Tunisia margin is incipient and poorly developed, which may be due to the fact that deformation is partitioned over a large number of structures, each accommodating a small percentage of convergence, with the exception of the Hayat fault system. The Hayat reverse fault, striking WSW–ENE, is the largest fault system that comparatively may accommodate a greater amount of displacement, and is probably responsible for the uplift of the North‐eastern Domain of the continental margin.
Crustal Mercury Addition Into the Giant Jinchuan Ni‐Cu Sulfide Deposit, China, and Its Geological Implications
Authors: Gao Lingjian , Long Ting‐Mao , Sun Deyou , Deng Changzhou , Tian Zhendong , Song Xie‐Yan , Yin Runsheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMercury (Hg) isotopes have shown their power of tracing Hg pollution sources in ecosystems, but their potentials for petrogenetic tracing are yet to be explored. Here we conducted Hg isotope analysis for samples collected from major orebodies of the world‐class Jinchuan Ni‐Cu sulfide deposit, China. These samples show large variations of δ202Hg (−2.65 to +0.19‰) and Δ199Hg (−0.16 to +0.19‰). Some of the Δ199Hg values significantly deviate from current estimates on the primitive mantle (Δ199Hg: 0.0 ± 0.1‰, 2SD). The pronounced Hg mass‐independent fractionation (Hg‐MIF) signals, with significant positive (>0.1‰) and negative (<0.1‰) Δ199Hg values similar to marine sediments and terrestrial soils, respectively, suggests the addition of crustal materials into the Jinchuan deposit, via crustal assimilation during mantle‐derived magma ascending to the crust. These samples show δ34S values (−1.09 to +1.38‰) identical to that of the primitive mantle (0.0 ± 2.0‰), which may indicate a major sulfur source from the mantle. However, δ34S provides poor constraints on the sulfur source, and the early reported anomalous Δ33S values (+0.12 to +2.67‰) in the Jinchuan deposit support the involvement of external sulfur from Archean and Proterozoic sedimentary rocks during the formation of this deposit, similar to the case of Hg. This study shows the powerful use of Hg isotopes as a petrogenic tracer and highlights the importance of interaction between mantle‐derived magmas and crustal materials on the formation of the Jinchuan Cu‐Ni sulfide deposit.
Evidence for a Global Slowdown in Seafloor Spreading Since 15 Ma
Authors: Dalton Colleen A. , Wilson Douglas S. , Herbert Timothy D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe rate of ocean‐crust production exerts control over sea level, mantle heat loss, and climate. Different strategies to account for incomplete seafloor preservation have led to differing conclusions about how much production rates have changed since the Cretaceous, if at all. We construct a new global synthesis of crust production along 18 mid‐ocean ridges for the past 19 Myr at high temporal resolution. We find that the global production rate during 6–5 Ma was only 69%–75% of the 16–15 Ma interval. The reduction in crust production is mostly due to slower seafloor spreading along almost all ridge systems. While the total ridge length has varied little since 19 Ma, some fast‐spreading ridges have grown shorter and slow‐spreading ridges grown longer, amplifying the spreading‐rate changes. Our production curves represent a new data set for investigating the forces driving plate motions and the role of tectonic degassing on climate.
Effects of Oxygen Fugacity on Hydroxyl Incorporation in Garnet at 1–3 GPa and 800–1000°C and Implications for Water Storage in the Mantle
Authors: Zhang Kai , Liu Hanyong , Ionov Dmitri A. , Yang Xiaozhi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGarnet, an important mineral component in Earth's interior, usually contains minor water as structural OH, but experimental data on OH incorporation in the mineral as a function of chemical and thermodynamic parameters remain rare. In particular, the role of oxygen fugacity (fO2) that is variable in the Earth has not been well assessed. We examine the effects of fO2 on the incorporation of OH at 1–3 GPa and 800–1000°C, by H‐annealing gem‐quality spessartine‐rich, grossular‐rich, and pyrope‐rich garnets. For each type of annealed garnet, the OH peak positions and spectral shapes are the same, suggesting the same OH incorporation mechanism(s). Under identical conditions, spessartine‐rich and grossular‐rich garnets are rich in OH, with solubility orders of magnitudes greater than for pyrope‐rich garnets. Over the studied conditions, the solubility of OH increases with pressure and temperature but decreases with fO2. The negative correlation of fO2 and OH solubility is probably due to the Fe3+ to Fe2+ reduction at more reduced conditions and the coupled OH incorporation in the structure. The effects of fO2 on OH solubility are more significant in Fe‐rich garnets. The ascertained small OH solubility in peridotite garnets, together with comparisons with relevant studies, suggest that mantle garnet is unlikely to be a major water carrier. In combination with literature‐reported positive correlation of fO2 and OH solubility in olivine, the partition coefficient of OH between garnet and olivine in the upper mantle is expected to be redox‐dependent.
Alteration of barrier properties, stratum corneum ceramides and microbiome composition in response to lotion application on cosmetic dry skin
Authors: Murphy Barry , Grimshaw Sally , Hoptroff Michael , Paterson Sarah , Arnold David , Cawley Andrew , Adams Suzanne E. , Falciani Francesco , Dadd Tony , Eccles Richard , Mitchell Alex , Lathrop William F. , Marrero Diana , Yarova Galina , Villa Ana , Bajor John S. , Feng Lin , Mihalov Dawn , Mayes Andrew E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractXerosis, commonly referred to as dry skin, is a common dermatological condition affecting almost a third of the population. Successful treatment of the condition traditionally involves the application of cosmetic products facilitating the moisturisation of the skin with a range of ingredients including glycerol and fatty acids. While the effectiveness of these treatments is not in question, limited information exists on the impact on the skin microbiome following use of these products and the improvement in skin hydration. Here, we describe improvements in skin barrier properties together with increased levels of cholesterol, ceramides and long-chain fatty acids following application of Body Lotion. Concomitant alterations in the skin microbiome are also seen via 16S rRNA metataxonomics, in combination with both traditional and novel informatics analysis. Following 5 weeks of lotion use, beneficial skin bacteria are increased, with improvements in microbiome functional potential, and increases in pathways associated with biosynthesis of multiple long chain fatty acids.
Homeoffice – fest etabliertes Arbeitsmodell auch nach der
Corona-Pandemie?
Authors: Sailer Larisa , Hoffmann Felix 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Einhaltung der Covid-19-Pandemie-Maßnahmen forderte von vielen
Unternehmen die Einführung und Umsetzung von Homeoffice. Nicht nur die
Arbeitsprozesse, sondern auch die Teamführung musste binnen kurzer Zeit
an die neuen Anforderungen angepasst werden [1, 6]. Gerade für die
Führungskräfte des mittleren Managements stellte die
räumliche Dezentralisierung und Führung auf Distanz eine
Herausforderung dar [7,11]. Auch die AOK – Die Gesundheitskasse
Südlicher Oberrhein hat im Rahmen der Corona-Pandemie-Maßnahmen
ihren Mitarbeitern Homeoffice ermöglicht und das Arbeitsmodell optional
angeboten. Die Leitenden des mittleren Managements haben in der
Covid-19-Pandemie-Zeit Erfahrungen bzw. Erkenntnisse gesammelt und
wünschen für die Zukunft die feste Etablierung des flexiblen
Homeoffice-Arbeitsmodells.
Nutzen und Wirtschaftlichkeit der Topischen Behandlung Peripherer
Neuropathischer Schmerzen mit dem Capsaicin-Pflaster Qutenza – ein
Literaturüberblick
Authors: Thiem Helena , Kunde Katharina , Quandel Tamara , Schubert Tino 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Periphere Neuropathien sind häufig und
beeinträchtigen die Lebensqualität der PatientInnen erheblich.
Die Behandlung ist komplex und kann, in Abhängigkeit von der
Grunderkrankung, bei vielen PatientInnen keine vollständige
Beschwerdefreiheit erzielen. Eine Therapieoption ist hochdosiertes Capsaicin
179 mg (oder 8%) in Form eines kutanen Pflasters (Qutenza). Die
vorliegende Literaturübersicht soll eine Einschätzung zu Nutzen
und Kosten dieser Therapie, auch im Vergleich zu systemischer Medikation,
bieten.
Methodik In der bibliografischen Datenbank PubMed wurde eine strukturierte
Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, um relevante Publikationen zur
topischen Therapie peripherer neuropathischer Schmerzen mit dem hochdosierten
Capsaicin-Pflaster zu identifizieren und hinsichtlich ihres Nutzens sowie unter
ökonomischen Gesichtspunkten zu bewerten. Die Ergebnisse der
eingeschlossenen Publikationen wurden extrahiert und narrativ
zusammengefasst.
Ergebnisse Es wurden insgesamt 29 Artikel in die Auswertung einbezogen. In
acht randomisierten kontrollierten Studien konnte die Wirksamkeit einer
Behandlung peripherer neuropathischer Schmerzen unterschiedlicher Genese mit
hochdosiertem Capsaicin in Form eines kutanen Pflasters belegt werden. Das
Capsaicin-Pflaster führte gegenüber der Standard-Therapie zu
einer vergleichbaren Reduktion der neuropathischen Schmerzsymptome bei deutlich
geringeren Nebenwirkungen. Für den Bereich der Wirtschaftlichkeit
konnten nur drei Publikationen ermittelt werden, die jedoch nicht das deutsche
Gesundheitssystem berücksichtigen. Die drei Analysen kommen zu dem
Schluss, dass die topische Capsaicin-Therapie im Vergleich zu den jeweils
untersuchten systemisch wirksamen Vergleichspräparaten kosteneffektiv
ist.
Schlussfolgerung Es konnte für periphere neuropathische Schmerzen
unterschiedlicher Genese der Nutzen einer topischen Behandlung mit dem kutanen
Capsaicin-Pflaster Qutenza nachgewiesen werden. In Bezug auf die
Wirtschaftlichkeit dieser Therapieoption, besonders in Hinblick auf das deutsche
Gesundheitssystem, sind weitere Analysen notwendig.
Renteneintrittswünsche und mögliche Determinanten bei
Hausärztinnen und Hausärzten
Authors: Bodendieck Erik , Jung Franziska Ulrike , Bleckwenn Markus , Hussenöder Felix , Luppa Melanie , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung In Hinblick auf den immer größer werdenden
Ärztemangel und gleichzeitig steigenden Versorgungsbedarf in der
Allgemeinbevölkerung war das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung, ein
detailliertes Bild über Renteneintrittswünsche der aktiven
Hausärztinnen und Hausärzte (N=143) zu erfassen.
Methode Die Daten wurden im Rahmen einer Baseline-Befragung einer
Langzeitstudie erhoben (repräsentative Ärztebefragung). Es wurde
untersucht, inwiefern soziodemographische als auch berufsbezogene Variablen mit
einem vorzeitigen bzw. späteren Renteneintritt in Zusammenhang gebracht
werden können und welche Gründe für eine
ärztliche Tätigkeit über das Rentenalter hinaus
sprechen.
Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Hälfte der Befragten
zwischen 29 und 66 Jahren vorzeitig in den Ruhestand gehen möchte und
diese Entscheidung vor allem von Familienstand, aber auch von
Arbeitszufriedenheit und Arbeitsbelastung abhängig ist. Zu den
Gründen, die für einen späteren Eintritt sprechen,
zählen „Freude an der Arbeit“, „sich
nützlich und gebraucht fühlen“ und ein allgemein
„berufliches Interesse“.
Schlussfolgerung Renteneintrittswünsche sollten bei der
zukünftigen Planung der Versorgung berücksichtigt werden, um
Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, die einem ungewollten oder vorzeitigen Ausstieg
der Mediziner aus der Versorgung entgegenwirken.
Potent Anti-amoebic Effects of Ibogaine, Voacangine and the Root Bark Alkaloid Fraction of Tabernaemontana arborea
Authors: Carrero Julio César , Curay-Herrera Violeta , Chacón-Niño Lysette , Krengel Felix , Guzmán-Gutiérrez Silvia-Laura , Silva-Miranda Mayra , González-Ramírez Luisa-Carolina , Bobes Raúl J. , Espitia Clara , Reyes-Chilpa Ricardo , Laclette Juan-Pedro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlants of Tabernaemontana species have several pharmacological activities including antimicrobial effects. Amoebiasis continues to be a public health problem, with increasing
evidence of resistance to metronidazole. In this study, we assessed the effect of the alkaloid fraction of T. arborea root bark and the alkaloids ibogaine and voacangine on the
viability and infectivity of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. Cultures were exposed to 0.1 – 10 µg/mL for 24, 48 and 72 h, and viability was then determined using a tetrazolium dye
reduction assay and type of cellular death analyzed by flow cytometry. Results showed that the alkaloid fraction, but mainly ibogaine and voacangine alkaloids, exhibited potent
dose-dependent anti-amoebic activity at 24 h post-exposure (IC50 4.5 and 8.1 µM, respectively), comparable to metronidazole (IC50 6.8 µM). However, the effect decreased
after 48 and 72 h of exposure to concentrations below 10 µg/mL, suggesting that the alkaloids probably were catabolized to less active derivatives by the trophozoites. The treatment of
trophozoites with the IC50 s for 24 h induced significant morphological changes in the trophozoites, slight increase in granularity, and death by apoptonecrosis. The capacity of
T. arborea alkaloids to inhibit the development of amoebic liver abscesses in hamsters was evaluated. Results showed that even when the treatments reduced the number of amoebic
trophozoites in tissue sections of livers, they were unable to limit the formation of abscesses, suggesting their rapid processing to inactive metabolites. This work leaves open the
possibility of using Tabernaemontana alkaloids as a new alternative for amoebiasis control.
TransPPMP: predicting pathogenicity of frameshift and non-sense mutations by a Transformer based on protein features
Authors: Nie Liangpeng , Quan Lijun , Wu Tingfang , He Ruji , Lyu Qiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Motivation
Protein structure can be severely disrupted by frameshift and non-sense mutations at specific positions in the protein sequence. Frameshift and non-sense mutation cases can also be found in healthy individuals. A method to distinguish neutral and potentially disease-associated frameshift and non-sense mutations is of practical and fundamental importance. It would allow researchers to rapidly screen out the potentially pathogenic sites from a large number of mutated genes and then use these sites as drug targets to speed up diagnosis and improve access to treatment. The problem of how to distinguish between neutral and potentially disease-associated frameshift and non-sense mutations remains under-researched.

Results
We built a Transformer-based neural network model to predict the pathogenicity of frameshift and non-sense mutations on protein features and named it TransPPMP. The feature matrix of contextual sequences computed by the ESM pre-training model, type of mutation residue and the auxiliary features, including structure and function information, are combined as input features, and the focal loss function is designed to solve the sample imbalance problem during the training. In 10-fold cross-validation and independent blind test set, TransPPMP showed good robust performance and absolute advantages in all evaluation metrics compared with four other advanced methods, namely, ENTPRISE-X, VEST-indel, DDIG-in and CADD. In addition, we demonstrate the usefulness of the multi-head attention mechanism in Transformer to predict the pathogenicity of mutations—not only can multiple self-attention heads learn local and global interactions but also functional sites with a large influence on the mutated residue can be captured by attention focus. These could offer useful clues to study the pathogenicity mechanism of human complex diseases for which traditional machine learning methods fall short.

Availability and implementation
TransPPMP is available at https://github.com/lennylv/TransPPMP.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Utility of Follow-up Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Antigen Tests After Acute Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection Among Healthcare Personnel
Authors: Tande Aaron J , Swift Melanie D , Challener Douglas W , Berbari Elie F , Tommaso Christopher P , Christopherson Darrin R , Binnicker Matthew J , Breeher Laura E 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report the utility of rapid antigen tests (RAgT) in a cohort of US healthcare personnel with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection who met symptom criteria to return to work at day 5 or later of isolation. In total, 11.9% of initial RAgT were negative. RAgT can be helpful to guide return to work decisions.
The early oblivion of the firstAeneidin Turkish: aiming at a moving target
Authors: Öyken Ekin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe first complete translation of Vergil’s Aeneid into Turkish was published in 1935–36, during the first decades of the Turkish Republic. The translator Ahmed Reşid (1870–1955) was an intellectual and statesman who not only witnessed but also played active roles in arguably the most radical sociocultural turn in the country’s long history. As Reşid did not know Latin, he used an intermediary French translation as his source text. If this alone might seem from a normative viewpoint an obstacle to success, a broader perspective that considers various approaches in current translation criticism reveals a more complete and nuanced image of Reşid's translation project. My aim here is to contextualize historically and to critically discuss this carefully made but too soon forgotten Vergil translation, by using a case-specific plurality of methods. I argue that Antoine Berman's hermeneutical model is especially useful for studies on classical reception including Vergil translations.
Changes in left ventricular geometry after subannular repair in type IIIb functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Sinn Martin , Pausch Jonas , Ragab Haissam , Sequeira-Gross Tatiana , von Stumm Maria , Spink Clemens , Adam Gerhard , Reichenspurner Hermann , Bannas Peter , Lund Gunnar , Girdauskas Evaldas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Papillary muscle repositioning in functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) alleviates mitral valve (MV) tenting by reducing the distance between papillary muscle tips and MV annular plane, i.e. apical left ventricular (LV) displacement. We aimed to quantify the effect of papillary muscle repositioning on papillary muscle geometry and to evaluate whether improved papillary muscle geometry after papillary muscle repositioning translates into the global LV reverse remodelling in FMR type IIIb.

METHODS
Patients with severe FMR type IIIb were prospectively enrolled and underwent pre- and postoperative 1.5-T cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. A new variable was defined, the papillary muscle to mitral annulus distance, which quantifies the distance between papillary muscle tips and MV annular plane. All parameters were measured by 2 independent investigators.

RESULTS
A total of 63 patients were enrolled. In all patients, papillary muscle to mitral annulus distance correlated significantly with established markers of LV remodelling and MV tenting severity. In patients who underwent subannular papillary muscle repositioning procedure (surgical cohort, n = 23), preoperative median papillary muscle to mitral annulus distance was 30 mm [interquartile range (IQR): 27–34 mm] and was significantly reduced postoperatively to 25 mm (IQR: 21–27 mm) (P = 0.001). LV end-diastolic diameter was reduced from 66 mm (IQR: 60–71) preoperatively to 58 mm (IQR: 53–67) after the surgery (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
MV repair with papillary muscle repositioning results in a papillary muscle to mitral annulus distance reduction and significantly improved MV tenting parameters. Improved papillary muscle geometry after papillary muscle repositioning is associated with a global LV reverse remodelling and may, thereby, improve the prognosis of FMR patients.