bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QRS area as a predictor of cardiac resynchronization therapy response: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tokavanich Nithi , Prasitlumkum Narut , Mongkonsritragoon Wimwipa , Trongtorsak Angkawipa , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundQRS area, a three‐dimensional QRS complex, is a novel vectorcardiography method of measuring the magnitude of electrical forces in the heart. Hypothetically, a greater QRS area denotes higher dyssynchrony and indicates potential benefits from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Previous studies suggest a positive correlation between QRS area and the degree of response to CRT, but its clinical use remains unclear. We performed a meta‐analysis of the relationship between QRS area and survival benefit following CRT.MethodsWe comprehensively searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from inception to August 2021. We included studies with prospective and retrospective cohort designs that reported QRS area before CRT and total mortality. Data from each study were analyzed using a random‐effects model. The results were reported as a hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsFive observational studies including 4931 patients were identified. The cut‐off values between large and small QRS areas ranged from 102 to 116 μVs. Our analysis showed a larger QRS area was statistically associated with increased 5‐year survival in patients implanted with CRT (HR pooled 0.48, 95% CI 0.46–0.51, I2 = 54%, p < .0001). Greater QRS area reduction (pre‐ and post‐implantation) were associated with a lower total mortality rate (HR pooled 0.45, 95% CI 0.38–0.52, I2 = 0%, p < .0001).ConclusionLarger pre‐implantation QRS area was associated with increased survival after CRT. QRS area reduction following CRT implantation was also associated with lower mortality. QRS area may potentially become an additional selection criterion for CRT implantations.
Hacking macrophages to combat cancer and inflammatory diseases – Current advances and challenges
Authors: Christopoulos Panagiotis F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, immunotherapy has been served as the treatment of choice for various human pathophysiologies, including inflammatory diseases and cancer. Though most of the current approaches target the lymphoid compartment, macrophages intimately implicated in the induction or resolution of inflammation have rationally gained their place into the therapeutics arena. In this review, I discuss the past and novel ground‐breaking strategies focusing on macrophages in different human diseases and highlight the current challenges and considerations underlying their translational potentials.
Estimation for change point of discretely observed ergodic diffusion processes
Authors: Tonaki Yozo , Kaino Yusuke , Uchida Masayuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe treat the change point problem in ergodic diffusion processes from discrete observations. Tonaki et al. (2021a) proposed adaptive tests for detecting changes in the diffusion and drift parameters in ergodic diffusion process models. When any change in the diffusion or drift parameter is detected by this or any other method, the next question to consider is where the change point is located. Therefore, we propose the method to estimate the change point of the parameter for two cases: the case where there is a change in the diffusion parameter, and the case where there is no change in the diffusion parameter but a change in the drift parameter. Furthermore, we present rates of convergence and distributional results of the change point estimators. Some examples and simulation results are also given.
Parenthetical niching: A third‐factor phonosyntactic analysis
Authors: McInnerney Andrew 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article, I develop a theory of how a syntactically unintegrated parenthetical is integrated with its host at the sensorimotor interface. First, I observe that thenichesopen to parentheticals, traditionally described in syntactic terms, are more accurately described in the terms of prosodic‐hierarchy theory. In particular, I show that a niche corresponds to a phonological‐phrase boundary. I then argue that this follows if a parenthetical is constructed in a separate syntactic workspace and is integrated with its host at the sensorimotor interface (without ever being integrated in narrow syntax) in a manner that is constrained by (i) certain properties of the syntactic workspace, (ii) the No‐Tampering Condition, and (iii) certain properties of the syntax–phonology mapping.
Plant cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins: an update on classification, nomenclature, evolution and resources
Authors: Lan Ting , Xiong Wei , Chen Xuemei , Mo Beixin , Tang Guiliang 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYStandardized naming systems are essential to integrate and unify distinct research fields, and to link multi‐species data within and across kingdoms. We conducted a comprehensive survey of cytoplasmic ribosomal proteins (CRPs) in the dicot model Arabidopsis thaliana and the monocot model rice, noting that the standardized naming system has not been widely adopted in the plant community. We generated a database linking the old classical names to their updated and compliant names. We also explored the sequences, molecular evolution, and structural and functional characteristics of all plant CRP families, emphasizing evolutionarily conserved and plant‐specific features through cross‐kingdom comparisons. Unlike fungal CRP paralogs that were mainly created by whole‐genome duplication (WGD) or retroposition under a concerted evolution mode, plant CRP genes evolved primarily through both WGD and tandem duplications in a rapid birth‐and‐death process. We also provide a web‐based resource (http://www.plantcrp.cn/) with the aim of sharing the latest knowledge on plant CRPs and facilitating the continued development of a standardized framework across the entire community.
Fermionic and bosonic fluctuation-dissipation theorem from a deformed AdS holographic model at finite temperature and chemical potential
Authors: Caldeira Nathan G. , Capossoli Eduardo Folco , Zarro Carlos A. D. , Boschi-Filho Henrique 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work we study fluctuations and dissipation of a string in a deformed anti-de Sitter (AdS) space at finite temperature and density. The deformed AdS space is a charged black hole solution of the Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton action. In this background we take into account the backreaction on the horizon function from an exponential deformation of the AdS space. From this model we compute the admittance and study the influence of the temperature and the chemical potential on it. We calculate the two-point correlations functions, and the mean square displacement for bosonic and fermionic cases, from which we obtain the short and large time approximations. For the long time, we obtain a sub-diffusive regime $$\sim \log t$$

∼
log
t

. Combining the results from the admittance and the correlations functions we check the fluctuation-dissipation theorem for bosonic and fermionic systems.
Formação de professores de línguas para crianças: um olhar sobre as abordagens de ensino
Authors: Semeguini Bianca Silva , Rebello Camilla Amatuzzi , Freitas Paula Garcia de 
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo visa a refletir sobre a formação de professores de línguas estrangeiras da atualidade para crianças, tema ainda pouco explorado. Os dados aqui apresentados são respostas dos cursistas, professores de línguas em formação inicial e continuada, às atividades do minicurso criado pelas bolsistas do Programa Licenciar da Universidade Federal do Paraná, intitulado “Abordagens de ensino de língua estrangeira para crianças”, que tratou de três abordagens de ensino: a Abordagem Estruturalista, a Abordagem Intercultural e a Abordagem por Tarefas, sendo as duas últimas aquelas que norteiam as ações do projeto. O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a familiaridade dos cursistas com as abordagens de ensino apresentadas a partir da análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos dados obtidos. Os resultados apontam para a prevalência de uma visão estruturalista de aprendizagem, de língua e de ensino entre os sujeitos da amostra, além de sugerir que novas práticas de ensino precisariam ser estabelecidas com o intuito de viabilizar a formação prático-reflexiva (ROLDÃO, 2017) de professores (de línguas estrangeiras).
Oficinas de italiano e crioulo haitiano para todos: línguas adicionais em um Centro Integrado de Educação de Jovens e Adultos
Authors: Vieira Daniela Aparecida , Fialho Cristiane Maria Coutinho 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o Centro Integrado de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (CIEJA) Perus I – instituição educacional da rede pública municipal de São Paulo (SP) – e duas atividades extracurriculares desenvolvidas nessa escola: as oficinas de italiano e de crioulo haitiano. Visando a atingir esse objetivo, primeiramente, discorremos sobre tal instituição, cujas práticas de ensino são fortemente embasadas pelos postulados de Paulo Freire (1974, 1996), autor que defende a ideia de que a educação é um direito que deve ser garantido a todos. Posteriormente, abordamos o funcionamento dessas atividades extracurriculares, concentrando-nos nas oficinas de italiano e crioulo haitiano como línguas adicionais. Tais oficinas são espaços públicos e coletivos de construção colaborativa de conhecimentos e reflexões críticas sobre essas línguas e suas respectivas culturas, o que permite aos participantes dessas atividades extracurriculares refletir, também, sobre a sua própria língua e a sua própria cultura. Baseando-nos nos postulados desse importante educador brasileiro, é possível dizer que essas oficinas são consideradas, de certa maneira, uma medida de justiça social, pois são públicas e gratuitas e têm como principal escopo a deselitização do ensino-aprendizagem de línguas adicionais.
Análise da interlíngua, avaliação formativa e experimentação educacional na formação de professores
Authors: Pallotti Gabriele , Rosi Fabiana , Borghetti Claudia 
Published: January 2022

O artigo apresenta o projeto de ensino da produção escrita Osservare l’interlingua (Observar a interlíngua), que, desde 2007, envolveu dezenas de professores e centenas de alunos do ensino fundamental em Reggio Emilia (Itália) e região. Por meio de sessões de formação de professores e da atividade de pesquisa-ação conduzidas nas aulas, o projeto visa a promover uma educação linguística eficaz e inclusiva para todos os alunos e não somente para subgrupos específicos, como, por exemplo, estudantes monolíngues ou multilíngues, nativos ou não nativos, com habilidades de escrita mais ou menos desenvolvidas. O artigo ilustra os princípios teóricos e metodológicos que alicerçam as propostas didáticas do projeto, a partir da própria ideia de “interlíngua” que está no nome do projeto: para planejar e realizar percursos pedagógicos coerentescom as trajetórias evolutivas dos alunos, é necessário, antes de mais nada, partir da análise pontual das produções e das estratégias de escrita de cada um. Propõe-se uma avaliação de tipo formativo que valoriza a evolução do aprendizado, facilita a identificação das causas dos aspectos críticos e, consequentemente, permite o planejamento deintervenções didáticas pontuais. Além de apresentar a organização geral de Osservare l’interlingua e alguns de seus percursos pedagógicos, o artigo relata, de forma sintética, os principais resultados dos estudos experimentais que são periodicamente conduzidos sobre as produções orais e escritas das crianças, para verificar os efeitos das intervençõesdidáticas sobre as habilidades de escrita e sobre a motivação para escrever. Ambos os tipos de estudos confirmam a eficácia do projeto, que recebe também um retorno muito positivo por parte de todos os atores envolvidos (docentes, estudantes e famílias).
Cardiorenal Effects of Long‐Term Phosphodiesterase V Inhibition in Pre–Heart Failure
Authors: Hubers Scott A. , Wan Siu‐Hin , Adel Fadi W. , Benike Sherry L. , Burnett John C. , Scott Christopher , Chen Horng H. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Phosphodiesterase V (PDEV) is upregulated in heart failure, leading to increased degradation of cGMP and impaired natriuresis. PDEV inhibition improves the renal response to B‐type natriuretic peptide in animal models. We tested the hypothesis that long‐term PDEV inhibition would improve renal function and cardiorenal response after short‐term volume load in subjects with pre–heart failure.

Methods and Results

A total of 20 subjects with pre–heart failure (defined as an ejection fraction ≤45% without previous diagnosis of heart failure) and renal impairment were randomized in a 2:1 manner to tadalafil or placebo. Baseline echocardiography and renal clearance study were performed, followed by a short‐term saline load and repeated echocardiography and renal clearance study. Subjects then received either tadalafil at a goal dose of 20 mg daily or placebo, and the study day was repeated after 12 weeks. Long‐term tadalafil did not improve glomerular filtration rate (median increase of 2.0 mL/min in the tadalafil group versus 13.5 mL/min in the placebo group;
P
=0.54). There was no difference in urinary sodium or cGMP excretion with PDEV inhibition following short‐term saline loading.

Conclusions
Glomerular filtration rate and urinary sodium/cGMP excretion were not significantly different after 12 weeks of tadalafil compared with placebo. These results do not support the use of PDEV inhibition to improve renal response in patients with pre–heart failure.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01970176.
Outcome of Antibody‐Mediated Fetal Heart Disease With Standardized Anti‐Inflammatory Transplacental Treatment
Authors: Mawad Wadi , Hornberger Lisa , Cuneo Bettina , Raboisson Marie‐Josée , Moon‐Grady Anita J. , Lougheed Jane , Diab Karim , Parkman Julia , Silverman Earl , Jaeggi Edgar 
Published: January 2022

Background
Transplacental fetal treatment of immune‐mediated fetal heart disease, including third‐degree atrioventricular block (AVB III) and endocardial fibroelastosis, is controversial.

Methods and Results

To study the impact of routine transplacental fetal treatment, we reviewed 130 consecutive cases, including 108 with AVB III and 22 with other diagnoses (first‐degree/second‐degree atrioventricular block [n=10]; isolated endocardial fibroelastosis [n=9]; atrial bradycardia [n=3]). Dexamethasone was started at a median of 22.4 gestational weeks. Additional treatment for AVB III included the use of a β‐agonist (n=47) and intravenous immune globulin (n=34). Fetal, neonatal, and 1‐year survival rates with AVB III were 95%, 93%, and 89%, respectively. Variables present at diagnosis that were associated with perinatal death included an atrial rate <90 beats per minute (odds ratio [OR], 258.4; 95% CI, 11.5–5798.9;
P
<0.001), endocardial fibroelastosis (OR, 28.9; 95% CI, 1.6–521.7;
P
<0.001), fetal hydrops (OR, 25.5; 95% CI, 4.4–145.3;
P
<0.001), ventricular dysfunction (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 1.5–39.4;
P
=0.03), and a ventricular rate <45 beats per minute (OR, 12.9; 95% CI, 1.75–95.8;
P
=0.034). At a median follow‐up of 5.9 years, 85 of 100 neonatal survivors were paced, and 1 required a heart transplant for dilated cardiomyopathy. Cotreatment with intravenous immune globulin was used in 16 of 22 fetuses with diagnoses other than AVB III. Neonatal and 1‐year survival rates of this cohort were 100% and 95%, respectively. At a median age of 3.1 years, 5 of 21 children were paced, and all had normal ventricular function.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal a low risk of perinatal mortality and postnatal cardiomyopathy in fetuses that received transplacental dexamethasone±other treatment from the time of a new diagnosis of immune‐mediated heart disease.
Deep Phenotypic Analysis for Transposition of the Great Arteries and Prognosis Implication
Authors: Shen Huayan , He Qiyu , Shao Xinyang , Li Shoujun , Zhou Zhou 
Published: January 2022

Background
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) consists of about 3% of all congenital heart diseases and 20% of cyanotic congenital heart diseases. It is always accompanied by a series of other cardiac malformations that affect the surgical intervention strategy as well as prognosis. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the phenotypes of the patients who had TGA with concordant atrioventricular and discordant ventriculoarterial connections and explored their association with prognosis.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively reviewed 666 patients with a diagnosis of TGA with concordant atrioventricular and discordant ventriculoarterial connections in Fuwai Hospital from 1997 to 2019. Under the guidance of the Human Phenotype Ontology database, patients were classified into 3 clusters. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to analyze the prognosis, and the Cox proportional regression model was used to investigate the risk factors. In this 666‐patient TGA cohort, the overall 5‐year survival rate was 94.70% (92.95%–96.49%). Three clusters with distinct phenotypes were obtained by the Human Phenotype Ontology database. Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed a significant difference in freedom from reintervention among 3 clusters (
P
<0.001). To eliminate the effect of surgeries, we analyzed patients who only received an arterial switch operation and still found a significant difference in reintervention (
P
=0.019).

Conclusions
We delineated a big cardiovascular phenotypic profile of an unprecedentedly large TGA cohort and successfully risk stratified them to reveal prognostic significance. Also, we reported the outcomes of a large TGA population in China.
Killing or Sparing Inedible Animals: Ādāb and Internormativity in al-Jīlānī’s Kitāb al-Ghunya
Authors: Sohbi (صبرينة صحبي) Sabrina I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article draws on an excerpt of ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī (d. 561/1166) in his al-Ghunya li-Ṭālibī al-Ḥaqq (“The Sufficient Provision for Seekers of the Path to the Truth [God]”), dealing with ādāb related to killing or sparing inedible animals. It first pleads for a detailed textual analysis, in order to understand the normative frame the author uses. Keeping away from an exclusive juridical perspective, we try to consider Islamic normativity as a whole, using a holistic normative methodology and encompassing ādāb, popular beliefs, and spiritual tenets beyond fiqh rules. This analysis is the key to find out which function do ādāb toward animals have for believers.
Occam’s Razor and Managing Acute Thrombosis in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Lovelock Thomas , Walker Stuart R , Thoo Catherine 
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly influenced the practice of medicine in Australia over the last 24 months. Recently, the development of several vaccines to COVID-19 has been accompanied by reports of an associated rare syndrome of thrombosis and thrombocytopaenia (VITTS). The possibility of this rare disorder confronts all clinicians who deal with acute thrombosis, particularly given the prevalence of patients who have recently been immunised. However, VITTS remains rare, and we believe unnecessary focus on its potential diagnosis may distract from other more common causes of acute thrombosis. We discuss this with reference to a recent case at our institution.
Claudication due to adventitial cystic degeneration: A differential diagnosis of peripheral artery disease
Authors: Tayeh M , Galkin P , Majd P 
Published: January 2022

Background Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is an important and rare non-atherosclerotic cause of intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia. Since the first case of CAD involving the external iliac artery was described by Atkins and Key in 1947, approximately 300 additional cases have been reported. Objectives The aim of this article is to report a rare vascular disorder, predominantly seen in young healthy men with minimal cardiovascular risk factors. Methods We report a rare case of cystic adventitial disease of a young policeman. To confirm the diagnosis, an ultrasonography and a conventional angiography were performed. The therapeutic approach was surgical first. Results The procedure was successful without any complication, and the patient was discharged to home 4 days after procedure. Conclusion While CAD is rare, the diagnosis should be suspected in a young patient who presents with arterial insufficiency and no risk factors for atherosclerosis. Catheter angiography is the investigation of choice in the absence of multislice CT and good MRA. It seems that the treatment that assures the best long-term results is reconstructive arterial bypass surgery.
The Influence of Regional Differences on the Reliability of the AO Spine Sacral Injury Classification System
Authors: Karamian Brian A. , Schroeder Gregory D. , Lambrechts Mark J. , Canseco Jose A. ,   AO Spine Sacral Classification Group Members, Vialle Emiliano N. , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan , Benneker Lorin M. , Dvorak Marcel R. , Kandziora Frank , Oner Cumhur , Schnake Klaus , Kepler Christopher K. , Vaccaro Alexander R. 
Published: January 2022

Study Design Global cross-sectional survey. Objective To explore the influence of geographic region on the AO Spine Sacral Classification System. Methods A total of 158 AO Spine and AO Trauma members from 6 AO world regions (Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin and South America, Middle East, and North America) participated in a live webinar to assess the reliability, reproducibility, and accuracy of classifying sacral fractures using the AO Spine Sacral Classification System. This evaluation was performed with 26 cases presented in randomized order on 2 occasions 3 weeks apart. Results A total of 8320 case assessments were performed. All regions demonstrated excellent intraobserver reproducibility for fracture morphology. Respondents from Europe (k = .80) and North America (k = .86) achieved excellent reproducibility for fracture subtype while respondents from all other regions displayed substantial reproducibility. All regions demonstrated at minimum substantial interobserver reliability for fracture morphology and subtype. Each region demonstrated >90% accuracy in classifying fracture morphology and >80% accuracy in fracture subtype compared to the gold standard. Type C morphology (p2 = .0000) and A3 (p1 = .0280), B2 (p1 = .0015), C0 (p1 = .0085), and C2 (p1 =.0016, p2 =.0000) subtypes showed significant regional disparity in classification accuracy (p1 = Assessment 1, p2 = Assessment 2). Respondents from Asia (except in A3) and the combined group of North, Latin, and South America had accuracy percentages below the combined mean, whereas respondents from Europe consistently scored above the mean. Conclusions In a global validation study of the AO Spine Sacral Classification System, substantial reliability of both fracture morphology and subtype classification was found across all geographic regions.