bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gardnerella Vaginalis Alters Cervicovaginal Epithelial Cell Function Through Epithelial Cell-type Specific Immune Responses
Authors: Anton Lauren , Ferguson Briana , Friedman Elliot S. , Gerson Kristin , Brown Amy G. , Elovitz Michal A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The cervicovaginal (CV) microbiome is highly associated with vaginal health and disease in both pregnant and non-pregnant individuals. An overabundance of Gardnerella vaginalis in the CV space is commonly associated with adverse reproductive outcomes including bacterial vaginosis (BV), sexually transmitted diseases and preterm birth while the presence of Lactobacillus spp is often associated with reproductive health. While host-microbial interactions are hypothesized to contribute to CV health and disease, the mechanisms by which these interactions regulate CV epithelial function remain largely unknown. Results: Using an in vitro co-culture model, we assessed the effects of Lactobacillus crispatus and G. vaginalis on the CV epithelial barrier, the immune mediators that could be contributing to decreased barrier integrity and the immune signaling pathways regulating the immune response. G. vaginalis, but not L. crispatus, significantly increased epithelial cell death and decreased epithelial barrier integrity in an epithelial cell-specific manner. A G. vaginalis-mediated epithelial immune response including NFkB activation and proinflammatory cytokine release was initiated partially through TLR2 dependent signaling pathways. Additionally, investigation of the cytokine immune profile in human CV fluid showed distinctive clustering of cytokines by G. vaginalis abundance and birth outcome. Conclusions: The results of this study show both microbe- and epithelial cell-type specific effects on CV epithelial function. Altered epithelial barrier function through cell death and immune mediated mechanisms by G. vaginalis, but not L. crispatus, indicates that host epithelial cells respond to bacteria-associated signals, resulting in altered epithelial function and ultimately CV disease. Additionally, distinct immune signatures associated with G. vaginalis or birth outcome provide further evidence that host-microbial interactions may contribute significantly to the biological mechanisms regulating reproductive outcomes.
Efficacy, safety and prognostic factors in patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer treated with trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab in a real-world setting
Authors: Martínez-Lago Nieves , Chucla Teresa Calleja , de Castro Beatriz Alonso , Ponte Rafael Varela , Rendo Cristina Reboredo , Rodriguez Martin Igor Gomez-Randulfe , Diaz Sofia Silva , Suarez Begoña Graña , Gomez Juan de la Camara , López Fernando Busto , Salvador María Mateos , Lopez Margarita Reboredo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy and safety of trifluridine/tipiracil (TAS-102) plus bevacizumab in treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in a retrospective, observational study. Patients refractory or intolerant to standard therapies received TAS-102 (30–35 mg/m2 twice daily on days 1–5 and days 8–12 every 28 days) plus bevacizumab 5 mg/kg on days 1 and 15. Clinical and pathological characteristics, overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) data were collected and analysed. Thirty-five patients were treated from July 2019 to October 2021 (median age 64 years). The majority of patients (68.6%) were receiving TAS-102 plus bevacizumab as third-line treatment. Patients received a median of 4 (range 2–15) cycles of treatment. Among 31 patients evaluable for response (88.6%), ORR and DCR were 3.2% and 51.6%, respectively. After a median 11.6 months’ follow-up, median PFS was 4.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.4–5.1) months and median OS was 9.3 (95% CI 6.6–12.1) months. The most common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia, asthenia and nausea/vomiting, and there were no treatment-related deaths. This real-world study confirms the efficacy and safety of TAS-102 plus bevacizumab in patients with refractory mCRC.
Anchoring silver nanoparticles on imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s with engineered nanopores as an efficient carrier for anticancer drug controlled delivery with antimicrobial effect
Authors: Aliakbari Ehsan , Zamiri Reza Eghdam , Mahdavi Mehri , Yousefi Vahid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Due to the significance of drug delivery, the design of novel progressive nanomaterials for targeting drug delivery is a significant role in pharmacotherapy, as this method is supposed to reach a more exact target. One of the most distinguished materials by researchers is the poly ionic liquid (PIL), which have been used as anticancer drugs carriers and notably improve the antitumor effect and half-life. In this work, an efficient and stable nanocarrier containing silver nanoparticle, which were well distributed throughout the ionic liquid-based copolymer network (PILP-Ag), was reported for the drug delivery with antimicrobial effect. PILP was synthesized by radical silver nanoparticles was anchored into PIL voids by in-situ reduction, which enrich the adsorption capability of drug and antimicrobial effect of the nanocarrier. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by various techniques such as BET, TGA, SEM, TEM, AAS and FT-IR spectroscopy. The antibacterial activities of the silver-containing PIL against both S. aureus and E. coli were studied by determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration.
Spatiotemporal Cluster Patterns of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease at the Province level in Mainland China, 2009-2018
Authors: Wu Yuanzhe , Wang Tingwei , Zhao Mingyi , Dong Shumin , Wang Shiwen , Shi Jingcheng 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough three monovalent EV-A71 vaccines have been launched in mainland China since 2016, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) still causes a considerable disease burden in China. Vaccines’ use may change the epidemiological characters of HFMD. This study aims to analyze the spatiotemporal cluster of HFMD at the province level in mainland China from 2009 to 2018 and compare the difference before and after the vaccines were launched. MethodsAll HFMD cases’ data from January 2009 to December 2018 were obtained from the public health science data center given by the Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and space-time scan statistics analysis were used to explore the spatiotemporal distribution pattern of this disease at the provincial level in mainland China. ResultsThe median annual incidence of HFMD was 143.22 per 100,000 (ranging from 87.01 to 205.06) in mainland China from 2009 to 2018. Two peaks of infections were observed per year. Children 5 years and under were the main morbid population. The global autocorrelation analysis showed that the spatial distribution of HFMD was presented a significant clustering pattern in each year (P<0.001), and the local autocorrelation analysis indicated that the high incidence areas were clustered in the southern and southeastern coastal provinces. The distribution of HFMD cases was clustered in time and space. The range of cluster time was between April and October. The most likely cluster appeared in the southern coastal provinces (Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan) from 2010 to 2017 and in the southeastern coastal provinces (Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang) in 2018. ConclusionChanges in the spatiotemporal cluster of HFMD after the launch of EV-A71 vaccines were observed at the province level in mainland China in 2018. It is necessary to advance the EV-A71 vaccination plan, analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of different enterovirus pathogens of HFMD, and promote HFMD multivalent vaccines.
Core Competencies for a Biomedical Laboratory Scientist – a Delphi study
Authors: Stollenwerk Maria M. , Gustafsson Anna , Edgren Gudrun , Gudmundsson Petri , Lindqvist Magnus , Eriksson Tommy 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

After completing university education Biomedical Laboratory Scientists work in clinical laboratories, in biomedical research laboratories, in biotech, and in pharmaceutical companies. Laboratory diagnostics have undergone rapid development over the recent years, and the pace shows no signs of abatement. Rapid development challenges the competence of the staff and will most certainly influence the education of future staff. This study was aimed to examine what was considered the necessary competencies needed to pursue a career as a Biomedical Laboratory Scientist
Methods

A modified Delphi technique was used, and the panel of experts expressed their views in a three questionnaire series. Consensus was defined as the point when 75% or more of the panel participants agreed that a particular competence was necessary.
Results

The study highlights the perceived importance of mostly generic competencies that relate to quality, quality assurance, and accuracy, as well as different aspects of safety, respect, trustworthiness (towards patients/clients and colleagues), and communication skills. The results also stress the significance of self-awareness and professionality.
Conclusions

We identified important competencies for Biomedical Laboratory Scientists. Together with complementary information from other sources, i.e., guidelines, laws, and scientific publications, the competencies identified can be used as learning outcomes in a competency-based education to provide students with all competencies needed to work as professional Biomedical Laboratory Scientists.
Effect of Estradiol as a Continuous Variable on Breast Cancer Survival by Menopausal Status: a Cohort Study in China
Authors: Li Junxian , Li Chenyang , Feng Ziwei , Liu Luyang , Zhang Liwen , Kang Wenjuan , Liu Ya , Ma Baoshan , Li Haixin , Huang Yubei , Zheng Hong , Song Fangfang , Song Fengju , Chen Kexin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
High levels of circulating estradiol (E2) are associated with increased risk of breast cancer, whereas its relationship with breast cancer prognosis is still unclear. We evaluated the effect of E2 concentration on survival endpoints among 8766 breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2005 and 2017 from the Tianjin Breast Cancer Cases Cohort. Levels of serum E2 were measured in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between quartile of E2 levels and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of breast cancer. The penalized spline was then used to test for non-linear relationships between E2 (continuous variable) and survival endpoints. 612 deaths and 982 progressions occurred over follow-up through 2017. Compared to women in the quartile 3, the highest quartile of E2 was associated with reduced risk of both PFS in pre-menopausal women (HR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.17-2.75, P=0.008) and OS in post-menopausal women (HR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.04-1.74, P=0.023). OS and PFS in pre-menopausal women exhibited a nonlinear relation (“L-shaped” and “U-shaped”, respectively) with E2 levels. However, there was a linear relationship in post-menopausal women. Moreover, patients with estrogen receptor-negative (ER-negative) breast cancer showed a “U-shaped” relationship with OS and PFS in pre-menopausal women. Pre-menopausal breast cancer patients have a plateau stage of prognosis at the intermediate concentrations of E2, whereas post-menopausal patients have no apparent threshold, and ER status may have an impact on this relationship.
Visibility Threshold: Some Considerations on Data Mining Applied to the Study of Eblaite Society
Authors: Scarpa Erica 
Published: January 2022

Accounting is a routine activity. Through repetition, the scribes of the Ebla Archives (Syria, 24th cent. BCE) have been able to record thousands of transactions. They organized and stored accounting data referred to more than thirty years of the Palace G activities. The recurring textual patterns characterizing the administrative corpus are a byproduct of this routine-based approach. The ability to see recurring patterns in the textual record is fundamental when dealing with an administrative corpus: however, this ability fails when the patterns are buried in data. In this paper, I argue that theoretical aspects of data mining are not far from theoretical and methodological tenets of the historical approach. Data mining is a useful technique for the identification of document clusters and relevant information which would otherwise remain hidden. Furthermore, textual pattern recognition is critical to address topics such as the study of society: belonging to a category of complex problems, any socio-historical investigation requires dealing with multiple interconnected variables. However, not all research topics require such an approach. I define the line beyond which digital approaches are extremely useful (if not indispensable) as 'visibility threshold’. The position of this interface is relative and subjective.
VAKSIN FLU BURUNG DI MANUSIA SEBAGAI UPAYA ALTERNATIF PENCEGAHAN TERHADAP RE-EMERGING VIRUS H5N1
Authors: Saraswati Ratih Dian , Novita Risqa 
Published: January 2022

A total of 182 human cases of avian influenza have been reported in Indonesia in the period 2004-2011, with a case fatality rate (CFR) among them of 86%. Various risk factors for avian influenza transmission have also been identified, including a high population, having many types of poultry (broiler, layer, village chickens, etc), traditional poultry systems that promote close human relationships, and the presence of several areas in Indonesia which are strategic locations as a place to rest and meet various wild birds. Vaccination is one of the efforts to prevent the re-emergence of H5N1 avian influenza transmission. However, the avian influenza vaccine for the public is not yet available in Indonesia. The purpose of this review article is to examine the avian influenza vaccine in humans as a preventive measure against the re-emergence of avian influenza in Indonesia, and to determine the progress of developing avian influenza vaccines. The results of the review show that several avian influenza vaccine candidates have been approved by WHO, one of which is a vaccine candidate using an isolated virus from Indonesia. This information on the development of avian influenza vaccines for humans is useful and can be used as an avian influenza pre-pandemic preparedness in Indonesia.
Abstrak
Sebanyak 182 kasus flu burung pada manusia telah dilaporkan di Indonesia pada periode tahun 2004-2011, dengan case fatality rate (CFR) sebesar 86%. Berbagai faktor risiko penularan flu burung juga telah diidentifikasi, antara lain jumlah penduduk yang tinggi, memiliki banyak jenis unggas (ayam broiler, layer, kampong, dsb), sistem perunggasan tradisional yang membuat kedekatan hubungan antara manusia, dan adanya beberpa wilayah di Indonesia yang menjadi lokasi strategis sebagai tempat istirahat dan bertemunya berbagai unggas liar. Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mencegah munculnya kembali penularan flu burung H5N1. Namun demikian, vaksin flu burung untuk masyarakat belum tersedia hingga saat ini. Tujuan dari review artikel ini adalah untuk mengkaji vaksin flu burung pada manusia sebagai tindakan pencegahan terhadap kemunculan kembali flu burung di Indonesia, dan untuk mengetahui kemajuan pengembangan vaksin flu burung. Hasil review menunjukkan beberapa kandidat vaksin flu burung telah disetujui oleh WHO, salah satunya adalah kandidat vaksin menggunakan isolat virus asal Indonesia. Informasi perkembangan vaksin flu burung bagi manusia ini bermanfaat dan dapat digunakan sebagai kesiapsiagaan prepandemi flu burung di Indonesia.
UJI EFEKTIVITAS INFUSA DAUN SIRIH MERAH Piper crocatum ruiz TERHADAP MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti
Authors: Winandasari Riwanti , Udiyani Ritna , Dewy Tika Sari , Kusumaningtyas Harninda , Rahayu Nita 
Published: January 2022

Indonesia is known as a dengue-endemic country with an increasing number of cases. Appropriate dengue vector control efforts are needed to control the transmission of this disease effectively and efficiently. Botanical larvicide is one type of dengue vector control which is expected to be an alternative as a substitute for chemical larvicides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red betel (Piper crocatum)infusion on the mortality of Ae. aegypti. True experimental design with post-test only with control group was used in this study. The test was carried out by dividing the sample into two groups, including the red betel infusion group and the control group (with aquadest), the observations were carried out for 24 hours. The results of the study showed that the larvacide test of red betel leaf infusion had an effect on 12 to 24 hours, and there was an increase in mortality of Ae. egypti for 24 hours. The humidity of the test room is one of the factors that can affect the results of the study.
Abstrak
Indonesia dikenal sebagai negara endemis dengue dengan jumlah kasus yang terus meningkat. Appropriate dengue vector control efforts diperlukan untuk mengendalikan penularan penyakit ini secara efektif dan efisien. Larvasida botani merupakan salah satu jenis pengendalian vektor dengue yang diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif sebagai pengganti larvasida kimia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh infusa sirih merah (Piper crocatum) terhadap mortalitas larva Ae. aegypti. True eksperimen design dengan post test only with control group digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membagi menjadi dua kelompok sampel, meliputi kelompok infusa sirih merah dan kelompok kontrol (dengan Aquadest), pengamatan dilakukan selama 24 jam. Hasil studi menunjukkan Uji larvasida infusa daun sisrih merah berpengaruh pada 12 sampai dengan 24 jam, dan terdapat peningkatan mortalitas larva Ae. egypti selama 24 jam. Kelembaban ruangan uji menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi hasil studi.
STUDI CROSS SECTIONAL TENTANG PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP MASYARAKAT TENTANG PENGGUNAAN LETHAL OVITRAP DI KOTA SALATIGA
Authors: Pujiyanti Aryani , Prasetyo Arif Suryo , Trapsilowati Wiwik , Widjajanti Wening , Mujiyanto Mujiyanto 
Published: January 2022

Lethal ovitrap is a new alternative in dengue vector control (Aedes spp.) that needs to be socialized to the public. A study of community knowledge and attitudes towards the use of lethal ovitrap as a vector control tool is required as initial data before field application. The purpose of the study was to describe the knowledge and attitudes of the community towards the use of lethal ovitrap before it was applied in the field. An analytical description study with a cross sectional design was conducted in Pulutan Village, Salatiga City. A total of 107 respondents were taken by proportional random sampling to be interviewed. The results showed that 54.30% of respondents had low knowledge and 57.05% of respondents had a less supportive attitude towards the application of lethal ovitrap. In general, the knowledge and attitude of the community towards lethal ovitrap as a vector control tool is still low. Knowledge and gender variables were shown to be significantly related to the supportive attitude given by the community to the application of lethal ovitrap. Education about lethal ovitrap needs to be done before installing lethal ovitrap in the community.
Abstrak
Lethal ovitrap merupakan salah satu alternatif baru dalam pengendalian vektor dengue (nyamuk Aedes spp.) yang perlu disosialisasikan ke masyarakat. Studi tentang pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap penggunaan lethal ovitrap sebagai alat pengendali vektor diperlukan sebagai data awal sebelum aplikasi lapangan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap penggunaan lethal ovitrap sebelum diaplikasikan di lapangan. Studi deskripsi analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional yang dilakukan di Kelurahan Pulutan, Kota Salatiga. Total 107 responden yang diambil secara proportional random sampling untuk di wawancarai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 54,30% responden memiliki pengetahuan rendah dan 57,05% responden memiliki sikap kurang mendukung terhadap aplikasi lethal ovitrap. Secara umum pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat terhadap lethal ovitrap sebagai alat pengendalian vektor masih rendah. Variabel pengetahuan dan jenis kelamin terbukti secara signifikan berhubungan dengan sikap mendukung yang diberikan masyarakat terhadap aplikasi lethal ovitrap. Edukasi mengenai lethal ovitrap perlu dilakukan sebelum pemasangan lethal ovitrap di masyarakat.
Hubungan Curah Hujan dan Air Lolos (Troughfall) pada Beberapa Jenis Tegakan di Kawasan Hutan Produksi Sub DAS Gumbasa
Authors: Harijanto Herman , Rachman Imran , Wahid Abdul 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui besar air lolos (troughfall) serta hubungan antara curah hujan dan air lolos pada tegakan kume ((Palaquium quercifolium)., tegakan tahiti (Dysoxyum rufum) dan tegakan cempaka (Elmerrillia ovalisMig) di Sub DAS Gumbasa Penelitian menggunakan 3 jenis tegakan yaitu tegakan kume ((Palaquium quercifolium)., tegakan tahiti (Dysoxyum rufum) dan tegakan cempaka (Elmerrillia ovalisMig) yang diulang 3 kali. Curah hujan diukur mengguunakan alat ukur hujan manual (ombrometer) selama 30 kali. Hubungan curah hujan dengan air lolos dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air lolos terbesar dijumpai pada tegakan kume yakni sebesar 58,06% dan yang terkecil pada tegakan cempaka yakni sebesar 43,74%. Curah hujan dan air lolos mempunyai korelasi yang sangat kuat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi curah hujan, air lolospun semakin tinggi.
Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Kecil Melalui Program Rumah Tanam Metode Smart Farming 4.0
Authors: Farid Erwan Sastrawan , Hamzah Karim Sitti Aminah , Rustam Rustam , Suardi Suardi 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji penerapan program Rumah Tanam berbasis komunitas metode Smart Farming 4.0.dalam rangka peningkatan kesejahteraan dan pendapatan petani khususnya cluster petani kecil. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Padang Tumbuo Kecamatan Ampana Kota Kabupaten Tojo Una Una. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan metode analisis pendapatan guna mengetahui rata-rata pendapatan yang diperoleh per panen serta metode ZOPP (Ziel Orienterte Project Planning) yaitu metode yang digunakan untuk proses perencanaan pembangunan daerah, proyek yang berorientasi pada tujuan dan merupakan perencanaan partisipatif yang digunakan dalam rangka mengkaji keadaan Desa Padang Tumbuo dengan memberikan informasi secara ringkas mengenai mengapa program tersebut perlu dibuat,apa yang ingin dihasilkan dan bagaimana program tersebut akan bekerja untuk mencapai hasil yang diinginkan.
Hasil Penelitian berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari jumlah penduduk 2.238 jiwa dan 664 KK. Rata-rata masyarakat adalah petani jagung dengan pendapatan per panen Rp.5.248.936,- dan jumlah biaya produksi yang cukup tinggi. Kendala umum yang dihadapi karena keterbatasan lahan garapan yang mereka miliki, namun demikian dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya petani menggarap dengan menggunakan lahan orang lain melalui kesepakatan bagi hasil dengan pemilik lahan dan dapat diindikasikan bahwa petani desa Padang Tumbuo dikategorikan sangat miskin. Berdasarkan Metode ZOPP yang peneliti gunakan dalam mengkaji kelayakan proyek perencanaan Program Rumah Tanam Metode Smart Farming 4.0, melalui Analisis partisipatif, analisis masalah, analisis tujuan dan analisis alternative, sehingga disimpulkan bahwa program tersebut dapat diterapkan di Desa Padang Tumbuo. Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tojo Una-Una berperan penting dalam menyusun kebijakan-kebijakan yang pro petani kecil sebagai upaya meningkatkan pendapatan dan produktivitas petani.