bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of early and middle adulthood physical activity with symptoms of pelvic floor disorders in middle-aged women: an observational study with retrospective physical activity assessment
Authors: Kuutti Mari , Hyvärinen Matti , Kauppinen Markku , Sipilä Sarianna , Aukee Pauliina , Laakkonen Eija 
Published: August 2022

Objective To investigate associations of early and middle
adulthood physical activity (PA) with symptoms of pelvic floor disorders
(PFD), i.e. stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence
(UUI), fecal incontinence (FI), constipation or defecation difficulties
(CDD), and feeling of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) among middle-aged
women.
Design A cross-sectional, observational study with
retrospective physical activity assessment.
Setting University Research Laboratory.
Sample A random population sample of 1098 47-to-55-year-old
Finnish women.
Methods PA history, current PA, and demographical and
gynaecological variables were assessed using self-report questionnaires.
Logistic regression analyses were applied to study associations of past
and current PA with PFDs. Associations of demographical and
gynaecological variables with PFDs were studied and their potential
confounding effect was controlled in multiple logistic regression
models.
Main outcome measures Structured questionnaire-assessed
retrospective physical activity history at the age of 17–29, current
physical activity at middle age, and prevalence of SUI, UUI, FI, CDD and
POP.
Results Current PA was not independently associated with the
occurrence of the PFDs. Middle-aged women with early adulthood history
of competitive sports were more likely to experience UUI (OR 2.161, 95%
CI 1.102–4.237, p=0.025) but not SUI, FI or POP, while women with
history of regular PA were more likely to experience FI (OR 4.405, 95%
CI 1.049–18.493, p=0.043) but not other PFDs.
Conclusions Competitive sports during early adulthood may
increase the risk of UUI at middle age. The history of regular PA may
increase the risk of FI. Keywords Pelvic floor function, exercise,
menopausal women
Climate change effect on river runoff under CMIP6 GCM's in the Upper regions of Indus River
Authors: Haleem Kashif Haleem , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Fayaz Ahmad , Zada Umar , Khan Jehanzeb 
Published: August 2022

Pakistan is primarily dependent on water supplies from the Upper Indus
basin for irrigated agriculture. Any changes in available resources due
to climate, consequently has the potential to have a significant impact
on the environment. Coupled model inter-comparison project phase 6
(CMIP6) based global climate models (GCMs) under shared socioeconomic
pathways (SSP245) scenario were assessed to evaluate the study area for
climate change effect on river runoff using Soil and water assessment
tool (SWAT). Temperature fluctuations have a significant effect on
stream flow, since the primary sources of river runoff in the Upper
Regions of Indus Basin (URIB) are snow and glacier melting. The
temperature (min & max) will likely increase by almost 18% in the
future, the projected precipitation pattern will increase by 13-17 %,
and the stream flow will increase by 19-30 % in the future due to the
warmer temperature. Temperature (min & max), precipitation and stream
flow have had different effects in each season, while their variability
in the projected annual changes are increasing for mid and late 21
century. Hydroelectricity generation, irrigation,
flood prevention, and storage reservoir will be required in the
strategies and action plans for the effective water resources
management.
Optimal deployment of cultivated land quality monitoring points based on satellite-driven cultivated land quality and improved spatial simulated annealing
Authors: Liu Zhenhua , Yang Wenhao , Peng Yiping , Lin Chenjie , Yang Hao , Cheng Xinrong , Wu Xiaofang , Wen Ya 
Published: August 2022

The deployment of scientific and reasonable cultivated land quality
(CLQ) monitoring points can provide timely and accurate information on
the current situation and changes in CLQ, which is highly important to
protect national food security. The conventional methods of selecting
CLQ monitoring points are based on the CLQ of land use patches. As there
may be different grades of large patches, being selected as monitoring
points reduces the reliability of monitoring CLQ. Moreover, the
conventional monitoring point deployment method mainly considers only
CLQ and ignores road accessibility and terrain as factors, resulting in
the inaccessibility of some monitoring points. Therefore, to improve the
reliability of CLQ monitoring, this study presented a novel approach for
deploying CLQ monitoring points. First, the pixel-scale CLQ was
estimated using the genetic algorithm-back propagation neural network
(GA-BPNN) model based on the Landstat8 data with 30 m spatial
resolution. Second, the stratified sampling model was used to determine
the optimal sample points. Finally, the improved spatial simulated
annealing algorithm (ISSA), considering both slope and road
accessibility, was applied to optimize the location of monitoring
points. This study was conducted in the Conghua District of Guangzhou,
Guangdong Province, China. The results highlighted that (1) compared to
the accuracy of measured CLQ, the accuracy (R 0.63, RMSE = 79.32, and
NRMSE = 13.77%) of CLQ estimated using the remote sensing technique was
reliable, and the pixel-scale CLQ data was more reasonable than the
patch-scale CLQ data with different grades. (2) A total of 132
monitoring points were finally identified in the study area based on the
stratified sampling model. (3) When compared with those of the spatial
simulated annealing algorithm (SSA) and the standard grid method, the
approach proposed in this study had a higher total score (F = 94.61).
Moreover, the obtained sample points were mainly located near roads and
flat terrain. This can effectively avoid the inaccessible places. Thus,
the results based on the novel approach proposed in this study provide a
scientific basis and technical support for obtaining the optimal CLQ
monitoring points.
Cathepsin D drives the formation of hybrid insulin peptides relevant to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Crawford Samantha A. , Wiles Timothy A. , Wenzlau Janet M. , Powell Roger L. , Barbour Gene , Dang Mylinh , Groegler Jason , Barra Jessie M. , Burnette KaLia S. , Hohenstein Anita C. , Baker Rocky L. , Tse Hubert M. , Haskins Kathryn , Delong Thomas 
Published: August 2022

<p>Hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs) form in pancreatic beta-cells through the formation of peptide bonds between proinsulin fragments and other peptides. HIPs have been identified in pancreatic islets by mass spectrometry and are targeted by CD4 T cells in patients with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), as well as by pathogenic CD4 T cell clones in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. The mechanism of HIP formation is currently poorly understood; however, it is well established that proteases can drive the formation of new peptide bonds in a side reaction during peptide bond hydrolysis. Here, we used a proteomic strategy on enriched insulin granules and identified cathepsin D (CatD) as the primary protease driving the specific formation of HIPs targeted by disease-relevant CD4 T cells in T1D. We also established that NOD islets deficient in cathepsin L (CatL), another protease implicated in the formation of disease-relevant HIPs, contain elevated levels of HIPs, indicating a role for CatL in the proteolytic degradation of HIPs. In summary, our data suggest that CatD may be a therapeutic target in efforts to prevent or slow down the autoimmune destruction of beta-cells mediated by HIP-reactive CD4 T cells in T1D. </p>
STUDI TENTANG KONSEP AKAR KARAKTERISTIK PADA GERAKAN SPESIFIK SHALAT
Authors: Tristono Tomi , Rumanah Zuhrotul 
Published: August 2022

Specific postural gestures at one rak'ah in Muslim prayer (Shalat) include standing, bowing once, and two prostrations. This phenomenon is a full round of movement. This study is aimed to analyze the mathematical concepts, especially based on the root characteristics of a full round (rotation) of one rak'ah of Muslim prayer (Shalat). This study was conducted with a qualitative approach. It was the liberary research. It compared between the specific postural gestures of Muslim prayer (Shalat) to the round of Thawaf at the Kaaba. This method was used. Then furthermore, the mathematical concepts were analyzed based on their equilibrium points, their characteristic roots, and their orbitals. Muslim prayer (Shalat) is a manifestation of rotation at a single equilibrium point, its characteristic roots are purely imaginary, and it always pass through certain orbitals as long as the parameters do not change. In general, it is said, specific postural gestures at one rak'ah in Muslim prayer (shalat) is the core of the recognition of monotheism to Allah SWT (Al-Ahad) and the faith in Allah SWT as the Unseen (Al-Ghaib).
PANDANGAN KEUANGAN PUBLIK ABU YUSUF DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rudiyanto Rudiyanto 
Published: August 2022

Kajian ekonomi Islam merupakan ilmu maupun aktivitas antara sesama manusia dalam berinteraksi dan bersosial untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya sehari-hari. Keilmuan yang begitu luas sehingga menjadi daya tarik ilmuan atau cendikiawan Muslim dalam mengkajinya. Oleh karenanya menarik untuk dibicarakan satu tokoh ekonomi yang terkenal pada masanya, yaitu Abu Yusuf. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pemikiran Abu Yusuf mengenai keuangan publik terbagi menjadi tiga sumber penerimaan negara yaitu ghanimah, sadaqah atau zakat, dan harta fay. Implementasi pemikiran Abu Yusuf tentang keuangan publik di Indonesia sejalan dengan pendapatan pajak penghasilan masuk dalam kategori sadaqah, pajak bumi dan bangunan masuk kharaj, dan pajak perdagangan internasional terdiri dari bea masuk dan keluar disebut ‘usyr. Pembahasan ini akan di awali dengan biografi Abu Yusuf serta penjelasan singkat mengenai keuangan publik menurut pandangan Abu Yusuf.
KONSEP DAN FILOSOFI HIDAYAH: STUDI KASUS PADA MASYARAKAT DENGAN LATAR BELAKANG BERBEDA
Authors: Arifin Imamul , Devi Maharani Ayu , ‘Ainiyatur rohmah Shafira Zelinda 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini didasari oleh hidayah yang menjadi pemahaman kebanyakan umat Islam bahwa istilah hidayah selalu dihubungkan dengan datangnya dari Allah Swt semata, padahal jika ditinjau dari segi bahasa pengertian hidayah diartikan sebagai petunjuk, bimbingan, arahan, keterangan dan kebenaran. Dari istilah bahasa hidayah bisa datang dengan banyak cara akan tetapi harus diimbangi oleh usaha manusia itu sendiri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan observasi (pengamatan), wawancara kepada narasumber dengan latar belakang yang berbeda-beda, dan yang terakhir studi literatur. Hidayah juga berpengaruh pada keselamatan dan kebaikan hidup manusia di dunia dan di akhirat, cara dan sikap kita untuk mendapatkan hidayah tersebut. Sehingga, barangsiapa yang dimudahkan oleh Allah SWT untuk meraihnya, maka sungguh dia telah meraih keberuntungan yang besar dan tidak akan ada seorang pun yang mampu mencelakakannya. Sebagai makhluk ciptaan Tuhan, manusia memiliki jiwa sebagai penyempurna manusia itu sendiri, yang mana jiwa itu sebagai alat yang dipergunakan untuk mencari hidayah Allah S.W.T. Jiwa itu pada awalnya dalam keadaan situasi yang sama dalam menerima dua jalan iaitu kebaikan dan keburukan. Akan tetapi Allah S.W.T memberi sesuatu yang teramat penting berupa akal pikiran untuk memikirkan dan menimbang dua jalan tersebut. Hidayah tidak dapat dibeli, tapi ini adalah nikmat Allah S.W.T yang hanya dianugerahi kepada hamba-Nya yang dikehendaki-Nya, maka dari itu seseorang akan mendapatkan hidayah karena memang mereka mempersiapkan dirinya.This research is based on guidance which is the understanding of most Muslims that the term guidance is always connected with coming from Allah SWT alone, even though when viewed from the language point of view the meaning of guidance is interpreted as guidance, guidance, direction, information and truth. From the terms of the language of guidance, it can come in many ways, but it must be balanced by human efforts themselves. This research uses data collection methods carried out by observation (observation), interviews with sources with different. Hidayah also affects the safety and goodness of human life in this world and in the hereafter, our ways and attitudes to get that guidance. So, whoever is facilitated by Allah SWT to achieve it, then indeed he has achieved great luck and no one will be able to harm him. As a creature created by God, humans have a soul as a complement to man himself, which is the soul as a tool used to seek guidance from Allah SWT. The soul is initially in the same situation in accepting the two paths of good and bad. However, Allah SWT gave something very important in the form of a mind to think about and consider these two paths. Hidayah cannot be bought, but this is a blessing from Allah SWT which is only bestowed upon His servants whom He wants, therefore someone will get guidance because they are preparing themselves.
PERAN GERAKAN JAMA’AH DAN DAKWAH JAMA’AH DALAM INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI ISLAM DI RANTING MUHAMMADIYAH BLIMBINGREJO
Authors: Rafsanjani Toni Ardi , Rozaq Muhammad Abdur 
Published: August 2022

The researcher aims to analyze and describe the role of the congregation movement and da'wah ja'ah in the internalization of Islamic values in Blimbingrejo. This research is qualitative research, the data collection uses observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive data analysis techniques which included three concurrent activities, data reduction, and presentation of conclusion drawing data. The results of this study are 1) the role of the congregation movement and congregational da'wah organized by the Muhammadiyah branch of Blimbingrejo; 2) the process of internalizing religious values to the branch congregation; 3) Doctrine of religious values strengthened by the word of Allah SWT and the hadith of the Prophet. The form of success is the growth of stronger religious understanding, changes in behavior in accordance with religious values, strong ukhuwah Islamiyah and progressive thinking. The process of internalizing religious values is conveyed during recitations and other religious activities. PRM Blimbingrejo continues to develop its da'wah methodology in fostering the congregation and developing Islam in the village.Peneliti bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendiskripsikan peran gerakan jama’ah dan dakwah ja’ah dalam internalisasi nilai-nilai keislaman di Blimbingrejo. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi dan interview. Analisis data dialakukan dengan Teknik analisis data diskriptif yang mencakup tiga kegiatan bersamaan, reduksi data, penyajian data penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) peran gerakan jama’ah dan dakwah jama’ah yang diselenggarakan Pimpinan ranting Muhammadiyah Blimbingrejo; 2) proses internalisasi nilai-nilai agama kepada jama’ah ranting; 3) Dotkrinasi nilai-nilai agama yang dikuatkan dengan firman Allah SWT dan hadist Nabi. Wujud keberhasilanya adalah pertumbuhan pemahaman agama semakin kuat, perubahan perilaku sesuai dengan nilai-nilai agama, ukhuwah Islamiyah yang kuat dan berfikir berkemajuan. Proses internalisasi nilai-nilai agama ini disampaikan pada saat pengajian dan kegiatan keagaam yang lain. PRM Blimbingrejo terus mengembangkan metodologi dakwahnya dalam membina jama’ah dan mengembangkan Islam di desa tersebut.
KETERBACAAN BUKU TEKS KURIKULUM MERDEKA BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS 7 DENGAN GRAFIK FRY
Authors: FEBRIANA IKA , Wulandari Ayu Nadira , Sari Yuliana 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat keterbacaan wacana siswa kelas 7 SMP pada buku teks Bahasa Indonesia Kurikulum Merdeka. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu teknik simak catat. Langkah-langkah dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) memilih wacana pada kegiatan membaca di buku teks untuk sampel yang dianalisis, (2) menganalisis wacana dengan menggunakan formula Grafik Fry, (3) menemukan tingkat keterbacaan wacana siswa, (4) mengelompokkan hasil analisis pada diagram lingkarandalam bentuk persentase dan membahasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 42% dari 12 wacana yang dianalisis sesuai dengan tingkat keterbacaan, 5 wacana sesuai dengan tingkat kelas dan 7 wacana tidak sesuai dengan tingkat kelas. Dari 7 wacana yang tidak sesuai dengan tingkat kelas, 5 wacana tergolong sangat mudah dan 2 wacana tergolong sangat sulit. Kata Kunci: Formula Grafik Fry, Buku Teks Bahasa Indonesia, Tingkat Keterbacaan Wacana
Comparison of the pyrolysis properties of corn straw fermentation residue and phenolic resin
Authors: Ma Rui , Wang Ze , He Lu , Song Wenli , Zhang Songpo 
Published: August 2022

The regularity and variability of the composition distribution of the pyrolysis products of corn stover fermentation residue and phenolic resin with the pyrolysis temperature were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and lyser-gas/mass spectrometer (Py-GC/MS). The results show that toluene, phenol and methyl phenol are the main common components of the two systems, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, alkoxy compounds and a small amount of carboxylic acid are the unique components in the pyrolysis products of corn straw fermentation residue, while dimethyl phenol, 9H-xanthene and other components in the phenolic. This is a reflection of the differences in the composition and structure of the two raw materials.
Dichotomous role of autophagy in cancer
Authors: Arif Amin , Khawar Muhammad Babar , Mehmood Rabia , Abbasi Muddasir Hassan , Sheikh Nadeem 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved catabolic process that plays physiological and pathological roles in a cell. Its effect on cellular metabolism, the proteome, and the number and quality of organelles, diversely holds the potential to alter cellular functions. It acts paradoxically in cancer as a tumor inhibitor as well as a tumor promoter. In the early stage of tumorigenesis, it prevents tumor initiation by the so-called “quality control mechanism” and suppresses cancer progression. For late-staged tumors that are exposed to stress, it acts as a vibrant process of degradation and recycling that promotes cancer by facilitating metastasis. Despite this dichotomy, the crucial role of autophagy is evident in cancer, and associated with mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR), p53, and Ras-derived major cancer networks. Irrespective of the controversy regarding autophagic manipulation, promotion and suppression of autophagy act as potential therapeutic targets in cancer treatment and may provide various anticancer therapies.
Ultrasonographic shear wave elastography of the thyroid in patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Burakgazi Gulen , Ilhan Gul , Ozcan Oguzhan , Dirican Emre 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Although thyroid radiology has been conducted in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), to our knowledge, there is no report of thyroid gland assessment using ultrasonographic shear wave elastography (US-SWE).

Objectives
To determine values for ultrasonographic US-SWE of the thyroid in patients with SCA and correlations between thyroid elasticity and biochemical variables used to evaluate thyroid function.

Methods
Prospective case–control observational study of 36 patients with SCA and 33 healthy volunteer controls. US-SWE measurements of thyroid gland parenchyma and biochemical parameters of the participants were obtained and compared, and the diagnostic accuracy of elasticity was determined.

Results
The thyroid volume was smaller in patients with SCA than that in controls (P = 0.001). Compared with the controls, the patients with SCA had significantly lower serum levels of free triiodothyronine (fT3) (P = 0.004) and thyroglobulin (Tg) (P = 0.001) and significantly higher levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (P = 0.028). Thyroid stiffness was significantly higher in the left lobe (LL) of the patients with SCA than in the controls (P = 0.003). In the patients with SCA, we found a significant correlation between right lobe (RL) and LL stiffness and serum levels of Tg (RL [r = −0.439] and LL [r = −0.484]; P = 0.021) and fT3 (RL [r = −0.463] and LL [r = −0.386]; P = 0.012). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of thyroid elasticity that represented a diagnosis of SCA found a cutoff of >7.31 kPa, a sensitivity of 52.0%, and a specificity of 72.0% for the RL (P = 0.316, area under the curve [AUC] 0.570), and a cutoff of >8.06 kPa, a sensitivity of 58.0%, and a specificity of 84.0% for the LL (P = 0.011, AUC 0.680).

Conclusions
US-SWE can be used to follow up thyroid changes in patients with SCA.
Sexualidade, ética e feminismos – velhos e novos dilemas
Authors: Rodrigues Alexnaldo Teixeira 
Published: August 2022

Este artigo reflete sobre a articulação entre sexualidade, ética e feminismos, no sentido de que esses campos convergem para definir comportamentos, atitudes e valores das pessoas em todo o mundo. A pesquisa é bibliográfica, realizada a partir de obras de cunho científico-filosófico no tocante à sexualidade. Decerto, a ética sexual possibilita às pessoas descobrir e ressignificar normas de conduta sexual satisfatórias para si, ao mesmo tempo em que se compromete com o respeito e a importância do universo partilhado. Como resultado, foi possível demarcar que a articulação desses campos contribui para a efetivação de práticas pedagógicas que atendam a demandas pessoais e sociais, na medida em que rompem com uma moral de imperativos heterônomos e cria condições para o enfrentamento de novos.
دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في العراق
Authors: Khalid Abdulrahman Aveen , Jameel Shexo Renjbar 
Published: August 2022

يعتبر القضاء الدستوري أهم أجهزة السلطة القضائية الاتحادية، وهو من أهم المرتكزات التي تقوم عليها الدولة الفيدرالية، إنطلاقاً من ذلك، فقد منح الدستور له العديد من الصلاحيات والاختصاصات المختلفة وجعله ذو مكانة سامية لكونها سلطة حامية للدستور وحافظة لوحدة البلاد، وتماشياً مع دورها في إرساء دعائم دولة القانون، وبناء دولة المؤسسات التي تحافظ على وحدة المجتمع من خلال الاعتراف بالثقافات المجتمعية المتنوعة، ينبغي أن يكون أعضاء هذه المحكمة على درجة من الخبرة المهنية والسياسية والنزاهة والعلمية والحياد والاستقلال لا سيما في الدول ذات المجتمعات المتعددة وغير المتجانسة مثل العراق، باعتبار أن المحكمة الدستورية هي الملاذ الوحيد التي يمكن اللجوء إليه من قبل كافة المكونات المجتمعية المختلفة لحماية حقوقهم الدستورية في حال انتهاكهم وتجاوز عليهم من قبل السلطات السياسية داخل الدولة. إنطلاقاً من ذلك أن لتشكيل المحكمة الدستورية وتحديد أختصاصاتها وكذلك ضمانات استقلالها أثر كبير في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في الدولة الفيدرالية.
فلا يكفي الأعتراف الدستوري بثقافة وبخصوصيات الجماعات المجتمعية المختلفة، كما انه لا قيمة لمشاركة تلك الجماعات في السلطات الاتحادية، ما لم يكن هناك جهة قضائية مستقلة ومحايدة لها صلاحية حامية الدستور، لأن القضاء المستقل والمحايد هو السد المنيع أمام تجاوز أو تعسف السلطات الاتحادية في استعمال صلاحياتها أو خروجها من حدودها الدستورية. والمعلوم في الدولة الفيدرالية هو أن الدستور يعطي هذا الدور إلى المحكمة الدستورية أو ما يسمى بـ(القضاء الدستوري) لكونها أهم مؤسسة قضائية داخل الدولة ولها أختصاصات عدة من شأنها حماية كافة المكونات المجتمعية داخل الدولة. من هنا تظهر أهمية البحث في دور القضاء الدستوري في حماية التعددية المجتمعية في الدولة الفيدرالية.