bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substitution Preferences for Fish in Senegal
Authors: Lancker Kira , Bronnmann Julia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn a marine multi-species environment, consumers’ decisions may introduce interactions between species beyond biological ecosystem links. The theoretical literature shows that consumer preferences for variety can trigger a sequential (local) extinction of fish stocks. However, consumer preferences are not yet fully understood empirically, as it is uncertain how variety-loving consumers really are, in particular in specific settings such as in developing countries. In this article, we present an aggregation procedure to study consumer preferences in a highly diverse marine system. In a first step, we use co-integration analysis and aggregation theorems by Hicks and Lewbel to find groups of species that consumers find substitutable. In a second step, we use a direct quadratic almost ideal demand system (QUAIDS) to estimate price elasticities between these groups. We then quantify and compare welfare losses and spillovers from species-specific price shocks that may for example result from restoration efforts. Our case study from Senegal across 28 species reveals evidence that consumers do indeed have a preference for diversity of species on their plates.
Identifying benchmark units for research management and evaluation
Authors: Wang Qi , Jeppsson Tobias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile normalized bibliometric indicators are expected to resolve the subject-field differences between organizations in research evaluations, the identification of reference organizations working on similar research topics is still of importance. Research organizations, policymakers and research funders tend to use benchmark units as points of comparison for a certain research unit in order to understand and monitor its development and performance. In addition, benchmark organizations can also be used to pinpoint potential collaboration partners or competitors. Therefore, methods for identifying benchmark research units are of practical significance. Even so, few studies have further explored this problem. This study aims to propose a bibliometric approach for the identification of benchmark units. We define an appropriate benchmark as a well-connected research environment, in which researchers investigate similar topics and publish a similar number of publications compared to a given research organization during the same period. Four essential attributes for the evaluation of benchmarks are research topics, output, connectedness, and scientific impact. We apply this strategy to two research organizations in Sweden and examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. Identified benchmark units are evaluated by examining the research similarity and the robustness of various measures of connectivity.
Community Members Prioritise Indicators of Both Mental Health and Wellbeing to Define Flourishing and Quality of Life: Towards The Total Psychological Health Framework
Authors: Burns Richard Andrew , Crisp Dimity Ann , Chng Jiayun , Murray Kristen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Current frameworks define flourishing in terms of wellbeing alone. This paper examines whether community members similarly define flourishing in terms of wellbeing or whether they prioritise both wellbeing and mental health. We also compare whether those indicators of wellbeing and mental health prioritised to define flourishing are similarly important for community members’ definition of quality of life. Results are from 2 surveys of community respondents (Survey 1 n = 359; Survey 2 n = 287) aged between 18 and 84 years. Participants were asked to identify 5 indicators of wellbeing or mental health which best reflected ‘Quality of Life’ (Survey 1), and Flourishing (Survey 2). Eleven indicators of wellbeing were from the European Social Survey (ESS) Wellbeing module and nine indicators of mental health were from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Disorders V.5 (DSM 5) diagnoses for Major Depressive Disorder and Generalised Anxiety Disorder. Respondents defined flourishing and quality of life in similar ways and in terms of a combination of mental health and wellbeing indicators. Importantly respondents rated both wellbeing and absence of mental illness as reflecting flourishing. There was no single indicator that was endorsed by all participants; instead a range of wellbeing and mental health indicators were endorsed by participants as reflecting flourishing and quality of life. Contrary to current flourishing frameworks, community respondents defined flourishing in terms of both the presence of wellbeing and absence of mental illness. We propose a new model of psychological health that is informed by both wellbeing and mental health/illness and where flourishing is defined in terms of both wellbeing and mental health.
Understanding probability and irreversibility in the Mori-Zwanzig projection operator formalism
Authors: te Vrugt Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExplaining the emergence of stochastic irreversible macroscopic dynamics from time-reversible deterministic microscopic dynamics is one of the key problems in philosophy of physics. The Mori-Zwanzig (MZ) projection operator formalism, which is one of the most important methods of modern nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, allows for a systematic derivation of irreversible transport equations from reversible microdynamics and thus provides a useful framework for understanding this issue. However, discussions of the MZ formalism in philosophy of physics tend to focus on simple variants rather than on the more sophisticated ones used in modern physical research. In this work, I will close this gap by studying the problems of probability and irreversibility using the example of Grabert’s time-dependent projection operator formalism. This allows to better understand how general proposals for understanding probability in statistical mechanics, namely (a) quantum approaches and (b) almost-objective probabilities, can be accomodated in the MZ formalism. Moreover, I will provide a detailed physical analysis, based on the MZ formalism, of various proposals from the philosophical literature, such as (a) Robertson’s theory of justifying coarse-graining via autonomous macrodynamics, (b) Myrvold’s problem of explaining autonomous macrodynamics, and (c) Wallace’s simple dynamical conjecture.
Application of hybrid artificial neural network (ANN)–particle swarm optimization (PSO) for modelling and optimization of the adsorptive removal of cyanide and phenol from wastewater using agro-waste-derived adsorbent
Authors: Pramanik Sabyasachi , Sarkar Biswajit , Lahiri Sandip , Ghanta Kartik Chandra , Dutta Susmita 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the present study, the waste part of the banana tree was used as a precursor, and copper chloride salt was used as an impregnating agent for the preparation of adsorbent to remove both cyanide and phenol from synthetic wastewater. Initially, thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the rate of carbonization of the material with temperature, and thus, the optimum temperature (370 °C) and time of carbonization (35 min) were assessed. Different samples of adsorbents were prepared next by varying the weight ratio of pseudo-stem of waste banana tree to copper salt from 1:1 to 30:1. All the samples were then tested for removal of both the pollutants, and the ratio (20:1) corresponding to maximum removal of both the pollutants was considered as optimum. Therefore, further studies were conducted with the adsorbent prepared at optimum ratio, temperature and time and such adsorbent was termed as copper impregnated activated banana tree (CIABT). One variable at a time approach was followed to find out the most effective condition based on the maximum removal of pollutants. Maximum removal of 95.99 ± 1.03% and 97.33 ± 0.04% was achieved for cyanide (initial concentration: 100 ppm) and phenol (initial concentration: 450 ppm), respectively, at an optimum contact time of 150 min, the particle size of 90 μ, the adsorbent dosage of 10 g/L, pH 8.0 using CIABT at 25 °C. Hybrid artificial neural network–particle swarm optimization were employed for modelling-optimization of removal of both the pollutants while achieving 91.4–99.99% and 86.43–99.99% removal of cyanide and phenol, respectively, from simulated wastewater.
Bounded learning progressions: a framework to capture young children’s development of mathematical activity in play-based contexts
Authors: Cutting Chelsea , Lowrie Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLearning progressions have become increasingly prevalent in mathematics education as they offer a fine-grain map of possible learning pathways a child may take within a particular domain. However, there is an opportunity to build upon this research in ways that consider learning from multiple perspectives. Many current forms of learning progressions describe learning pathways without explicit consideration of how related skills and contexts directly or indirectly enhance or influence learning. That is, the structured and unstructured learning contexts that can help children develop conceptual understanding in a range of STEM contexts. We consider learning progressions from multiple perspectives, which will be particularly important for supporting learning in early years, play-based contexts. We propose a novel theoretical perspective, termed Bounded Learning Progressions (BLP), which demonstrates the connection and influence ways of reasoning have on the progression of learning in specific domains, bounded by the context in which learning develops. We suggest that this approach provides a broader perspective of children’s learning capabilities and the possible connections between such abilities, acknowledging the critical role context plays in the development of learning.
Use of rituximab in SARS-CoV-2-positive renal transplant recipient with EBV reactivation and probable haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Chan Derek , Karimi Sabina , Follows George , Torpey Nicholas , Suchanek Ondrej 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a case of a rapid clinical recovery in a critically ill kidney transplant recipient with SARS-CoV-2 positivity, Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation and probable secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) treated with etoposide-free regimen, based on dexamethasone and a single dose of rituximab. Although rituximab is often a part of EBV-HLH treatment strategy, its use in simultaneous Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) and solid-organ transplantation has not been reported yet. We review the current evidence for the potential of SARS-CoV-2 to trigger EBV reactivation, leading to a severe clinical illness. Finally, we compare the clinical features of hyper-inflammatory response typical for severe COVID-19 and classical secondary HLH and discuss the benefits of therapeutic B-cell depletion in both conditions.
Diagnosing similarities in probabilistic multi-model ensembles: an application to soil–plant-growth-modeling
Authors: Schäfer Rodrigues Silva Aline , Weber Tobias K. D. , Gayler Sebastian , Guthke Anneli , Höge Marvin , Nowak Wolfgang , Streck Thilo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere has been an increasing interest in using multi-model ensembles over the past decade. While it has been shown that ensembles often outperform individual models, there is still a lack of methods that guide the choice of the ensemble members. Previous studies found that model similarity is crucial for this choice. Therefore, we introduce a method that quantifies similarities between models based on so-called energy statistics. This method can also be used to assess the goodness-of-fit to noisy or deterministic measurements. To guide the interpretation of the results, we combine different visualization techniques, which reveal different insights and thereby support the model development. We demonstrate the proposed workflow on a case study of soil–plant-growth modeling, comparing three models from the Expert-N library. Results show that model similarity and goodness-of-fit vary depending on the quantity of interest. This confirms previous studies that found that “there is no single best model” and hence, combining several models into an ensemble can yield more robust results.
Non-linear Neutrosophic Numbers and Its Application to Multiple Criteria Performance Assessment
Authors: Reig-Mullor Javier , Salas-Molina Francisco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe concept of fuzzy set has been extended by neutrosophic fuzzy sets to represent sets whose elements have different degrees of membership characterized by a truth-membership function, an indeterminacy-membership function and a falsity-membership function. It is usually assumed that these functions are linear, hence excluding the possibility of non-linearity in many decision-making situations. From an alternative definition of non-linear neutrosophic numbers, we develop the concepts of $$(\alpha ,\beta ,\gamma )$$

(
α
,
β
,
γ
)

-cuts, possibility mean, variance, skewness and a new possibility score function. These concepts are useful to deal with multiple criteria decision making problems. We illustrate the practical use of these concepts by means of a real case study in supply chain risk management in the motor industry. Due to the fact that neutrosophic sets have been used in several areas of decision-making, finance and economics, we argue that our proposal contributes to enhance the application of neutrosophic numbers.
Evaluation of physical and chemical disinfection methods of Brassica oleracea seeds naturally contaminated with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
Authors: Sanna M. , Gilardi G. , Gullino M. L. , Mezzalama M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractXanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), the causal agent of black rot of crucifers, is a seedborne pathogen that causes severe yield losses worldwide. Seed treatments represent the most effective strategies to control the pathogen. In this study several physical and chemical treatments were evaluated for their efficacy in containing the contamination of the seeds with Xcc, without compromising the germination. The experiments were carried out with a naturally contaminated seed batch, selected among four lots for its higher contamination with Xcc (9.5 × 101 cells/g of seed). The evaluation was performed under controlled conditions following a modified protocol from ISTA (2019), highlighting different degrees of effectiveness of the tested disinfection treatments. Seeds disinfected under laboratory conditions with hydrogen peroxide (3%) for 30 min showed the 100% containment of the level of contamination with Xcc with the germination rate at 95.3% after the treatment, if compared with the untreated control. The same treatment was tested at the operation site of the seed company to evaluate the applicability of the method under commercial conditions. Under practical conditions, reducing the length of the treatment to 15 min, the strict control of the temperature of the disinfecting bath, the drying temperature at 37 °C and the use of small quantities of seeds, between 50 and 300 g, were crucial to obtain disinfected and viable seed.
A Virtual Prototyping Approach for Development of PMSM on Real-Time Platforms: A Case Study on Temperature Sensitivity
Authors: Scheer René , Bergheim Yannick , Aleff Simon , Heintges Daniel , Rahner Niclas , Gries Rafael , Andert Jakob 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of system interactions in a battery electric vehicle caused by temperature sensitivity of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM). An analytical model of a PMSM considering iron losses and thermal impact is implemented on a field programmable gate array suitable for hardware-in-the-loop testing. By the presented virtual prototyping approach, different machine characteristics defined by the design are used to parameterize the analytical model. The investigated temperature effect is understood as an interacting influence between machine characteristics and control, which are investigated in terms of torque generation, voltage utilization and efficiency under closed-loop condition in a vehicle environment. In particular, using a surface permanent magnet rotor and an interior permanent magnet rotor, the performance of both machine designs is analyzed by varying temperature-adjusted feedforward control strategies on the basis of a driving cycle from a racetrack. The comparison shows that the machine design with surface-mounted magnets is associated with higher temperature sensitivity. In this case, the temperature consideration in the feedforward control provides a $$14\,\%$$

14

%

loss reduction in closed-loop vehicle test operation. It can be summarized that the electromagnetic torque is less sensitive to a temperature variation with increasing reluctance. The presented development approach demonstrates the impact of interactions in electric powertrains without the need of real prototypes.
Onlay and retrorectus synthetic nonabsorbable mesh-augmented fascia closure during midline laparotomy: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis using trial sequential analysis
Authors: Kasetsermwiriya Wisit , Laopeamthong Issaree , Sukhvibul Pakkapol , Techapongsatorn Suphakarn , Tansawet Amarit 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have confirmed the efficacy of prophylactic mesh placement. This study aimed to update evidence on IH prophylaxis using onlay (OM) or retrorectus (RM) mesh-augmented fascia closure and assess the certainty of evidence using trial sequential analysis (TSA).

Methods:
Scopus and Medline databases were searched to identify new studies on prophylactic OM and RM (2019–2022). Studies were eligible if they were RCTs and had investigated nonabsorbable mesh efficacy in midline laparotomy. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Relative risk (RR) of IH, with 95% confidence interval (CI), was estimated from a meta-analysis. Heterogeneities were explored using meta-regression, and publication bias was assessed. Required information size (RIS) was calculated using control event rate (CER) and relative risk reduction (RRR), and accumulated Z-scores were compared with adjusted significance boundary in TSA.

Results:
Nine RCTs were included for analysis. RR (95% CI) of IH compared to primary suture closure (PSC) was 0.28 (0.15, 0.50) for OM and 0.33 (0.17, 0.65) for RM. TSA indicated that evidence from meta-analyses for OM versus PSC and RM versus PSC was certain. However, uncertainty was observed in RM versus PSC meta-analysis when sensitivity TSA was performed using 40% RRR.

Conclusions:
Both OM and RM significantly lowered IH incidence, and TSA indicated that evidence from meta-analysis for OM versus PSC was certain. Evidence from RM versus PSC was less certain than that of OM versus PSC, especially when the results from sensitivity analysis were considered.

Highlights
How we do it: endoscopic tracheal dilatation technique using a supraglottic airway device and non-occlusive balloon
Authors: Hofmeyr R , Lubbe D 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTracheal stenosis can be difficult to manage. Dilatation can relieve acute symptoms, avoid emergency tracheostomy and may be curative, but traditional dilators risk injury and obstruction in an already critical airway. This paper describes a novel technique for conducting tracheobronchial dilatation with a non-occlusive balloon through a supraglottic airway device, performed under endoscopic guidance.Technical descriptionA supraglottic airway device is placed whilst the patient is under total intravenous anaesthesia with mechanical ventilation. Using a multiport airway adaptor, inspection is performed by flexible endoscopy and a guidewire is placed through the stenosis. A non-occlusive balloon is advanced over the guidewire and positioned using the endoscope reinserted through the second adaptor port. Ventilation can thus be continued throughout dilatation under vision.ConclusionThis technique has revolutionised our approach to tracheal dilatation in our institution. It avoids tracheostomy, and can be safely and reliably performed by junior staff in the emergency setting after adequate training.
Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by targeted deletion of Mfn1 does not result in telomere shortening in oocytes
Authors: Cozzolino Mauro , Seli Emre 
Published: June 2022

SummaryTelomere shortening during oocyte growth and development is related to reproductive ageing and infertility. The main mechanism involved in the maintenance of telomeres is based on telomerase activity, a specialized enzyme complex, which is capable of adding TTAGGG repeats at the ends of the chromosomes. Mitochondrial dysfunction may cause progressive shortening of telomeres by promoting the generation of reactive oxygen species. Mitofusin-1 is a protein required for mitochondrial fusion. Mice with the mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) deletion in the oocyte are characterized by accelerated follicular depletion and infertility, associated with defective oocyte maturation and follicular development. We hypothesized whether mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes with targeted deletion of Mfn1 causes telomere shortening. We analyzed telomere length in oocyte and somatic cells in 3-, 6- and 9-month-old Mfn1−/− and wild-type mice. Immunofluorescence in oocyte mice of TRF1 and H2A.X was assessed to evaluate the interplay between the end-protection functions and the response to DNA damage occurring inside the telomeric repeats. Mitochondrial dysfunction due to the deletion of Mfn1 does not seem to affect telomere length in mouse oocytes.
Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX‐AQ Campaign and Beyond
Authors: Dickinson Gabrielle N. , Miller Dylan D. , Bajracharya Aakriti , Bruchard William , Durbin Timbre A. , McGarry John K. P. , Moser Elijah P. , Nuñez Laurel A. , Pukkila Elias J. , Scott Phillip S. , Sutton Parke J. , Johnston Nancy A. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality was a NOAA/NASA collaborative campaign conducted during the summer of 2019. The objectives included identifying and quantifying wildfire composition, smoke evolution, and climate and health impacts of wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States. Ground based mobile sampling via sorbent tubes occurred at the Nethker and Williams Flats fires (2019) and Chief Timothy and Whitetail Loop fires (2020) in Idaho and Washington. Air samples were analyzed through thermal desorption‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry for a variety of volatile organic compounds to elucidate both composition and health impacts. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, butenes, phenol, isoprene and pinenes were observed in the wildfire smoke, with benzene ranging from 0.04 to 25 ppbv. Health risk was assessed for each fire by determining sub‐chronic (wildfire event) and projected chronic inhalation risk exposure from benzene, a carcinogen, as well as other non‐carcinogenic compounds including toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and hexane. The cancer risk of benzene from sub‐chronic exposure was 1 extra cancer per million people and ranged from 1 to 19 extra cancers per million people for the projected chronic scenarios, compared to a background level of 1 extra cancer per million people. The hazard index of non‐carcinogenic compounds was less than one for all scenarios and wildfires sampled, which was considered low risk for non‐cancer health events.