bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multicentric survey among patients with substance use disorders during the COVID-19 lockdown in India
Authors: Arya Sidharth , Ghosh Abhishek , Mishra Shree , Swami Mukesh Kumar , Prasad Sambhu , Somani Aditya , Basu Aniruddha , Sharma Kshitiz , Padhy Susanta Kumar , Nebhinani Naresh , Singh Lokesh Kumar , Choudhury Shinjini , Basu Debasish , Gupta Rajiv 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The unprecedented first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted mental health services globally. However, the negative impact of such disruptions on people with substance use disorders (SUD) seeking treatment remains unclear. We aim to explore the behaviors adopted by these individuals to overcome the service disruptions.

Materials and Methods:
We explored the changes related to substance use behavior (quit attempts, withdrawal experienced, treatment-seeking, and risky behaviors), and behavioral changes in response to COVID-19 lockdown. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 404 people with SUD seeking treatment from seven centers across India. They were assessed by a specially designed structured questionnaire during the first wave (June–September) of the pandemic.

Results:
An overwhelming majority experienced withdrawal symptoms, with close to half making quit attempts and seeking treatment during the lockdown. Three-fourth of the sample reported difficulty in accessing treatment services and medications. Patients with opioid use were significantly more likely to think about quitting (χ2 = 20.408, P = 0.000), make attempts (χ2 = 12.436, P = 0.000), seek treatment (χ
2 = 7.536, P = 0.006), and self-medicate for withdrawal symptoms (χ2 = 5.885, P = 0.015). In turn, those with alcohol use were more likely to use telepsychiatry services (χ2 = 35.143, P = 0.000) and experience stigma by family members (χ2 = 29.951, P = 0.000) and neighbors (χ2 = 17.725, P = 0.000). Among COVID-19 safety precautions, majority practised wearing masks and social distancing but not others.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 lockdown led a significant proportion of substance users, especially opioid users, to make quit attempts and seek help. However, these could not be sustained due to difficulty in accessing treatment services. Further, significant proportion failed to adhere to COVID-19 safety precautions.
Psychological Contract Theory Relation to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of Flight Attendants
Authors: Teguh Setiawan Wibowo  
Published: January 2022

In service organizations such as airlines, flight attendants as one of the components that play a direct role in serving the needs of passengers during flights are required to work independently without supervision and have confidence in carrying out job demands since they are accepted as employees. The agreement formed between the flight attendant and the airline is the initial motivation and trust given by the airline to flight attendants as employees known as psychological contracts. A high psychological contract with a reciprocal relationship where the flight attendant's expectations are fulfilled by the airline will make the flight attendant feel valued for her work and empowered. This feeling raises the motivation of flight attendants as employees to be more active by showing OCB. OCB is the behavior of flight attendants as individuals voluntarily outside of their formal job descriptions to support the advancement of the airline where they work. In this article, psychological contracts are an important factor in the growth of OCB in flight attendants, such as arriving to work early, helping coworkers or new employees who are experiencing difficulties, and contributing more to activities organized by airlines.
Multi-Class Retinopathy classification in Fundus Image using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Wankhade Nisha , Bhoyar Kishor 
Published: January 2022

Retinopathy classification from fundus images put a lot of issues in front of ophthalmologists. Convolution and deep neural network models open the doors to handle such challenges and achieve great success in computer vision, but it is reaching its computational limits. This leads to the rethinking of less computationally intensive network architectures for computer vision problems. In this work we have used a RFMiD dataset, which is challenging for machine learning researchers due its multiclass, multi-labelled, and imbalanced nature. In the proposed work three models are developed to classify the retinopathy from fundus images. The first model inherits the properties of the VGG Net and Inception Net. This results in significant reduction in computational complexity compared with VGG Net and Inception net models. The second model is an improvised version of the previous one with an increase in depth that yields notable improvement in results, while maintaining the lower number of computations. The third model uses a bidirectional LSTM model as a classifier with 192 hand-crafted features. This model gives 0.985 AUC, with a precision of 0.98, and recall of 0.9 respectively.
Standardization of Rajapravartini Vati Tablets
Authors: Mayuri Dani , Surendra Pimparkar , Kishor Gadkari , Tarun Pable 
Published: January 2022

“Standardization” expression is used to describe all measures, which are taken during the manufacturing process and quality control leading to a reproducible quality. Standardization of Ayurvedic drugs is a need of the hour in the field of Pharmacy. In Classical Ayurvedic texts the parameters given are mostly subjective. Hence there is a need to set some objective parameters through pharmaceutical and Analytical study. Rajapravartini Vati (Tablets) is prescribed for the treatment of scanty bleeding and amenorrhea. Dosage form plays a important role in delivery and proper action of particular drug. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to develop pharmaceutical and analytical standards for Rajapravartini Vati and transform it into Tablet form. In-house preparation and which was standardized on the basis of macroscopic, microscopic, physic-chemical parameters and Fingerprinting. Three samples were prepared and evaluated on the basis of ayurvedic as well as modern parameters. All three samples shows identical parameters and shows no significant difference. The set parameters were found to be sufficient to evaluate the Rajapravartini Vati Tablet and can be used as reference standards for the quality control/quality assurance in future
Investigating the knowledge of the first degree relatives of patients regarding the risk factors and signs of colorectal cancer and colonoscopy screening test
Authors: Mahmoodabad Seyyed Saeed Mazloomy , Rafaatmah Marzieh , Vaezi Aliakbar , Hosseini Seyed Vahid 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The risk of suffering from colorectal cancer in the first degree relatives is two to eight times higher than the ordinary people of the society. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of the first degree relatives of the clients regarding the risk factors and signs of colorectal cancer and colonoscopy screening tests.
Methodology: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, 116 of the first degree relatives of patients were selected through simple random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was utilized to collect information about warning signs and risk factors. The reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α= 0.70) was calculated and then face and content validity were assessed by the professors. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 23 and using descriptive statistics (mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (T-test and ANOVA).
Results: The level of samples' knowledge about the risk signs of colorectal cancer was higher than the mean level (36.15 ± 8.46). The highest level of awareness about their (positive / negative) effects on colorectal cancer was related to consumption of vegetables, fruits (2.82 ± 0.65), and Aspirin consumption (1.34 ± 0.62). There wasn't a statistically significant difference between age, gender and education with the level of awareness of first degree of relatives but there was significant difference between the occupation of people and the level of awareness (P=0/005). The level of awareness of first degree of relatives about colonoscopy test was above the average level. (24.65 ± 4.57). The most knowledge about the nature of colonoscopy (2.78 ± 0.52) and the least awareness about the vitality of the operation were reported of the people above 50 (1.76 ± 0.74). There wasn't a statistically significant difference between the level of awareness of performing the colonoscopy and demographic characteristics of gender, age, education, and occupation.
Conclusion: It is necessary to use new methods and strategies to maintain the available status and to raise the awareness of all people in the community regarding the signs and symptoms, especially the use of colorectal cancer screening to manage the initial programs of prevention and treatment.
A Few Western Trips to the Bahawalpur Region (In the Eyes of a Colonialist)
Authors: Irshad Saira 
Published: January 2022

خطۂ بہاول پور کے چند مغربی اسفار(ایک نو آبادیاتی باشندے کی نظر میں)
Where the western colonial powers have had a profound influence on other forms of literature, such a genre of travel journalism in the Bahawalpur region could not be safeguarded. The region is known for its civilization and culture, yet the rumors that have been written from Pakistan to Pakistan remain mournful that the tradition under the influence has stirred. Although the nature of the journals being written in the Bahawalpur region varied, the correspondents here discussed the impact that the west had given them. At the national level, the ambassadors sought for western couples and also showed an attitude of disregarding civilization and culture. At the national level, the ambassadors sought for western couples and also showed an attitude of disregarding civilization and culture. Travelling entrepreneurs separate from their country apart from a new angle and independent thinking, they seem to be lacking in the west. This difference can be seen even more clearly if domestic and international travels are taken into account.
Linguistics and Social Connections
Authors: Hussain Arif 
Published: January 2022

لسانیات اورمعاشرتی روابط
Language is fundamental to any society. It is through language that we can communicate our thoughts to others. The more a language is used, the more it will develop. There are many types of languages including mother tongue, regional language, religious language, official language, business language, national language, international language and so on. When speaking, language and ascent are not taken into consideration, but there is a need to be careful while writing. People who cannot speak a language use specific gestures or symbols to convey their point of view to others. Therefore, we can say that the use of language began as soon as man came into this world.
Some Aspects of Iqbal's Personality: A Research Study
Authors: Bilal Maria , Amir Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

اقبال کی شخصی تعمیر کے چند پہلو:تحقیقی مطالعہ
Life of Iqbal is the source of many virtues. This article focuses on some of the sources and motivations that influenced Iqbal's personality. Home environment was the first school of training for Iqbal. Parent's training made him a person of outstanding qualities from the time of childhood. The teachers polished more. Iqbal was also influenced by Sir Syed's movement. This article will give you a glimpse of the research and critique of many new aspects. We must consider the motives of Iqbal's knowledge and wisdom. By the study of these motives, we can examine the mental evolution of Iqbal. Therefore, everything should come to light. Iqbal also expressed his love for nature but within limits. Otherwise, people would make nature an idol and start worshiping it. Authoritative quotes from experts are the part of this research article. These references will provide assistance in the topics of Iqbal Studies.
CO-MORBIDITIES AS DETERMINANTOF HEART FAILURE: A HOSPITAL BASED MATCHED CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Shafiq Muhammad Saad , Islam Farooq , Maryam Amina , Ghafoor Jamila , Akram Areeba 
Published: January 2022

To evaluate the one most common combination of co-morbidities that can lead to heart failure.Methods:Total374 participants (case=187 & control=187 with 1:1) of age ≥20 included in this case control study through non probability convenient sampling from hospitals of Tehsil Wazirabad and District Gujrat.187 participants having heart failure were included in case group and 187 nothaving heart failure included in control group. Asemi structure questionnaire was used to collect data and results were compiled through SPSS software. There was no gender specification in this study.Results: Results showed thatFrequency of single disease was 55 in case group and 88 in control group. Participants having >1 disease were 51 in cases and 55 in control. Frequency of >2 diseases was 44 and 41 in case and control group respectively and in >3diseases 17 participants were in case group and 2 were in control group.As number of diseases increases in combination, frequency of participants increased in case group as compared to control group.This study was significant with P value less than 0.05 and odds ratio of combination of comorbidities was 1.213.Conclusion:Theobserved association indicated that combined effect of comorbidities is higher in case group to cause heart failure than one disease at a time.frequency becomes higher in case group as the number of diseases increases in combination such asSleep apnea, DM, Anemia and COPD (combination of four diseases) and Hypercholesterolemia, RA, DM, COPD and HCV(combination of five diseases) were more in case group than in control group. Hence we concluded that combined effect of comorbidities is higher in case group to cause heart failure than one disease at a time.
ANALYZING TRIALS THROUGH ONLINE MEDIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA
Authors: Putra Pratama Angga , Pradnya Yustiawan Dewa Gede 
Published: January 2022

The Corona Virus (Covid-19) pandemic is a challenge for humans to transform life activities, so that people have to adapt to changes in human activities, along with the addition of positive cases of the Covid-19 corona virus, the government enforces the Work from Home (WFH) policy. Likewise, the judicial apparatus must carry out its obligations to carry out trials, with the existence of online court media being an alternative in conducting virtual trials/teleconferences, this is a new breakthrough in conducting trials. So that people get justice and the right to get a legal process

Keywords: the judge, online media, Corona Virus (covid-19)
Pengaruh Organisasi Terhadap Mahasiswa Universitas Riau
Authors: Sa’diyah Halimatus , Anwar US Kasful 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Riau tepatnya di sekretariat BEM Universitas Riau. Perbedaan pandangan antara mahasiswa yang mengikuti organisasi dan mahasiswa yang tidak mengikuti organisasi yang menyebabkan penulis tertarik meneliti masalah ini. Dengan rumusan bagaimana pengaruh aktivitas organisasi terhadap prestasi pengurus BEM Universitas Riau dan apa yang menjadi faktor nya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas organisasi terhadap prestasi belajar. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori organisasi, teori interaksi, teori motivasi, teori prestasi dengan menggunakan metode penelitin Kuantitatif Deskriptif. Cara mendapatkan data dengan observasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui pengaruh aktivitas organisasi terhadap prestasi belajar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Dalam penelitian ini diketahui bahwa aktivitas organisasi memiliki pengaruh positif terhada pengurus yang mengikutinya. Salah satu pengaruh positif yag didapat adalah mampu mengatur waktu antara organisasi dengan kuliah, komunikasi baik. Pengaruh tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, baik internal maupun eksternal. Faktor internal berasal dari diri seperti orang tua, masas depan, persaingan dan percaya diri. Sedangkan faktor eksternal seperti teman, pola fikir dan pandangan, jiwa kompetisi dan pengalaman organisasi.
How Do In –Service English Teachers Enact Classroom Management Strategies in EFL Context?
Authors: Nurhadi Kardi , Afrilia Devi Nur 
Published: January 2022

Despite myriad of studies explore how the teachers enacting classroom management, there is a scant from the literature on investigating how the EFL teachers experiences while they were engaging classroom management. To fill this gap, this study report the teachers lived experiences in classroom management situated in EFL classroom. Grounded in qualitative approach narrative inquiry design, this research provided critical incidents or moments engaging in classroom management. Three English teachers participate voluntarily in this study. Data were derived from semi structure interview to capture the teachers lived experiences enacting classroom management. Drawing on the thematic analysis, three emergent findings are reported here. First, the participants showed that the importance of classroom management strategies in EFL context, and they told about the main goals of classroom management strategies Second, the conditions. It means there are some difficulties in the classroom management but the most of difficulties in manage the classroom are vocabularies, environment, and overactive students. The researchers asked the teachers' feelings when they are teaching in the classroom Third, strategies, the researcher found there are some strategies to manage the classroom such as organizing the physical design of the classroom, establishing rules and routines, developing caring relationships, implementing engaging and effective instruction, and addressing discipline issue.
HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF GURU DENGAN MOTIVASI GURU SMA BIOLOGI DI KABUPATEN LEBAK PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Nugraheni Latif Sofiana 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan kognitif guru dengan motivasi guru Biologi di Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasional. Subjek penelitian adalah guru Biologi SMAN Kabupaten Lebak Provinsi Banten dengan teknik pengambilan simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunaka tes kemampuan Kognitif guru dan kuesioner Motivasi guru dengan sampel sebanyak 60 guru Biologi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen non tes. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji model regresi (α= 0,05) dan uji koefisien korelasi dengan uji Pearson Product Moment (α= 0,05). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara Iklim sekolah dengan motivasi guru Biologi. Dari hasil penelitian di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan motivasi guru.
Characterization and commissioning of a Leksell Gamma Knife ICON system for framed and frameless stereotactic radiosurgery
Authors: Hu Yue‐Houng , Hickling Susannah V. , Qian Jing , Blackwell C. Robert , McLemore Luke B. , Tryggestad Erik J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeThe Leksell Gamma Knife Icon unit (IU) was introduced recently as an upgrade to the Perfexion unit (PU) at our Gamma Knife practice. In the current study, we sought mainly to characterize dosimetry and targeting accuracy of the IU treatment deliveries using both invasive frame and frameless treatment workflows.MethodsRelative output factors were measured by delivering single‐shot 4, 8 and 16 mm radiation profiles in the manufacturer's acrylonitrile butadiene styrene spherical phantom in coronal and sagittal planes using EBT3 film. Resultant dosimetry was compared with the manufacturer's dose calculation and derived output factors were compared with the manufacturer's published value. Geometric consistency of stereotactic coordinates based on cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) versus the traditional conventional CT‐based method was characterized using a rigid phantom containing nine fiducial indicators over four separate trials. End‐to‐end (E2E) testing using EBT3 film was designed to evaluate both dosimetric and geometric accuracy for hypothetical framed and frameless workflows.ResultsRelative output factors as measured by the manufacturer were independently confirmed using EBT3 film measurements to within 2%. The mean 3D radial discrepancy in stereotactic space between CBCT and CT‐based definition over the sampled locations in our rigid geometry phantom was demonstrated to be between 0.40 mm and 0.56 mm over the set of trials, larger than prior reported values. E2E performed in 2D demonstrates sub‐mm (and typically < 0.5 mm) accuracy for framed and frameless workflows; geometric accuracy of framed treatments using CBCT‐defined stereotactic coordinates was shown to be slightly improved in comparison with those defined using conventional CT. Furthermore, in phantom, frameless workflows exhibited better accuracy than framed workflows for fractionated treatments, despite large magnitudes of introduced interfraction setup error. Accuracy of dosimetric delivery was confirmed in terms of qualitative comparisons of dose profiles and in terms of 2D gamma pass rates based on 1%/1 mm criteria.ConclusionThe IU was commissioned for clinical use of frameless and framed treatment protocols. The present study outlines an extensive E2E methodology for confirmation of dosimetric and geometric treatment accuracy.
Site‐Specific Axial Oxygen Coordinated FeN4 Active Sites for Highly Selective Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Zhang Ting , Han Xu , Liu Hong , Biset‐Peiró Martí , Li Jian , Zhang Xuan , Tang Pengyi , Yang Bo , Zheng Lirong , Morante Joan Ramon , Arbiol Jordi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRegulating the coordination environment via heteroatoms to break the symmetrical electronic structure of M‐N4 active sites provides a promising route to engineer metal‐nitrogen‐carbon catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction. However, it remains challenging to realize a site‐specific introduction of heteroatoms at atomic level due to their energetically unstable nature. Here, this paper reports a facile route via using an oxygen‐ and nitrogen‐rich metal–organic framework (MOF) (IRMOF‐3) as the precursor to construct the Fe‐O and Fe‐N chelation, simultaneously, resulting in an atomically dispersed axial O‐coordinated FeN4 active site. Compared to the FeN4 active sites without O coordination, the formed FeN4‐O sites exhibit much better catalytic performance toward CO, reaching a maximum FECO of 95% at −0.50 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, such performance exceeds that of the existing Fe‐N‐C‐based catalysts derived from sole N‐rich MOFs. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the axial O‐coordination regulates the binding energy of intermediates in the reaction pathways, resulting in a smoother desorption of CO and increased energy for the competitive hydrogen production.