bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oblique lateral interbody fusion combined with lateral plate VS. combined with pedicle screw fixation for the treament of lumbar degenerative diseases
Authors: Li Hai-Dong , Zhu Xin-Hong , Min Ji-Kang , Zhong Li 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive indirect decompression technique for the treatment of degenerative spinal disease. It is usually combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation to decrease perioperative complications.The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of OLIF combined with lateral plate (LP) vs. combined with posterior pedicle screw (PS) fixation for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD).Methods: The clinical data of 53 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases who underwent OLIF from May 2020 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, 24 patients in OLIF+LP group and 29 paients in OLIF+PS group. We compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes between two groups. The operation time, blood loss, fusion rate and complications were recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH) and cross-sectional area (CSA) were also evaluated.Results: Fifty-three patients were followed up postoperatively for 13.2±6.5 (range 12-16) months. The operation time was 75.41±11.53 min in OLIF+LP group, which was much shorter than that in OLIF+PS group. Similarly, the blood loss was also much less in OLIF+LP group (39.55±5.32 VS 89.81±9.62 ml, P<0.01). In both of two groups, the VAS and ODI score had significantly decreased at the final follow-up compared to pre-operation. However, the OLIF+LP group suffered both less VAS scores and less ODI scores at 7 days (3.05±0.67 VS 4.55±0.39, P<0.01; 17.36±2.76 VS 22.80±6.02, P<0.01) after surgery than OLIF+PS group. Interestingly, these differences were both disappeared at one year after surgery. The DH, FH, and CSA had also improved by final follow-up. The total complication rate was 13.21% in this study, and there was no siginificant difference between the two groups, and the most common approach-related complication was end-plate injury.Conclusions: OLIF+LP technique seems to be a valuable surgical option for single-segmental lumbar degenerative disease. It can achieve the similar clinical outcome with less damagment, compared with OLIF+PS technique.
Incidence and prevalence of alcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective, community-based study among adult Sri Lankans
Authors: Niriella Madunil , Kasturiratne Anuradhani , Beddage Thulani , De Silva Shamila , AS Dassanayake , Pathmeswaran Arunasalam , Wickramasinghe Rajitha , Kato Norihiro , de Silva Janaka 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Data on alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is limited. We investigated patterns of alcohol use and AFL, among urban, adult, Sri Lankans.
Methods
The study population (selected by age-stratified random sampling) was screened in 2007 (35–64 years) and re-evaluated in 2014. On both occasions they were assessed by structured-interview, anthropometric measurements, liver-ultrasound, biochemical and serological tests. AFL was diagnosed on ultrasound criteria, ‘unsafe’ alcohol consumption (Asian standards: males > 14units, females > 7units per-week) and absence of hepatitis B/C markers. Controls were unsafe alcohol consumers who had no fatty liver on ultrasound.
Results
2985/3012 (99%) had complete data for analysis. 272/2985 (9.1%) were unsafe-drinkers in 2007 [males-270; mean-age-51.9, SD-8.0 years]. 86/272 (31.6%) had AFL [males-85; mean-age-50.2, SD-8.6 years]. Males [p < 0.001], increased waist-circumference (WC) [OR 4.9, p < 0.01] and BMI > 23kg/m2 [OR 3.5, p < 0.01] and raised alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [OR 2.8, p < 0.01] were independently associated with AFL. 173/272 (63.6%) unsafe alcohol consumers from 2007 were re-evaluated in 2014. 134/173 had either had AFL and/or had changed to ‘safe’ or no alcohol consumption. 21/39 (53.8%) [males-21 (100%), mean-age-57.9, SD-7.9 years] who remained ‘unsafe’ alcohol users who had no fatty liver in 2007, developed AFL after 7-years (annual incidence 7.7%). On bivariate analysis, only males were associated with new-onset AFL. Of the 42 who had AFL at baseline but changed their drinking status from unsafe to safe or no alcohol, 6 had resolution of fatty liver in 2014.
Conclusion
In conclusion, in this community-based study among urban Sri Lankan adults, the annual incidence of AFL among unsafe alcohol users was 7.7%. New onset AFL was associated with males.
Cervical kyphosis was reversed into lordosis by cervical manipulation: A case report with 9 months follow-up
Authors: Pei Shuai , You Junyi , Li Yuwei , Shen Xiaofeng , Yu Jie , Feng Minshan , Yin Xunlu , Yu Pengfei , Jiang Hong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundCervical kyphosis (CK) is an abnormal structure that accelerates cervical disc degeneration and causes neck pain. Nearly a quarter of young people have CK, yet its treatment remains controversial. Case presentation We present an interesting case of CK; In this case report, a 32-year-old male patient with neck pain was seen in our hospital, whose cervical sagittal alignment was kyphotic and was given a cervical manipulation therapy (CMT). CK was subsequently reversed into lordosis in one day after the treatment along with the patient’s clinical symptoms alleviated. Three months later, the patient complained his neck pain had come back, so we scheduled him a second X-ray. We gave him a second CMT because the radiograph showed he got CK again. A follow-up after 6 months showed that the patient’s neck pain relieved and the cervical spine was still lordotic. ConclusionsIt suggested that CK can be reversed into CL by CMT immediately, but requires continuous treatment at the early stage; neck pain may relate to CK.
Dietary pattern related to physical examination indicators in Tibetan migrants：A cross-sectional study
Authors: Su Rui , Zhang Wenrui , Huang Jie , Fan Jing , Peng Ping , Li Hao , Zhang Delong , LI Yong , Ma Hailin , Nie Lijuan , Li Zixuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Although dietary patterns of highlander have been widely investigated, no study has explored the relationship between dietary patterns and physical examination indicators in high-altitude migrants. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary and physiological indexes and explore the suitable dietary patterns of Tibetan migrants. Methods: 116 participants who had migrated to Tibet for > 2 years were recruited. Dietary patterns and physical examination indicators were assessed using a self-adjusted food frequency questionnaire and blood gas analysis, and six principal dietary patterns were obtained using principal component analysis. Results: The following results were obtained: adherence to a coarse grain dietary pattern was positively associated with mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (odds ratio (OR) = 1.077, p = 0.054) and negatively associated with urea level (OR = 0.601, p = 0.013). High meat dietary pattern is positively associated with creatinine level (OR = 1.050, p = 0.023) but negatively associated with glomerular filtration rate (OR = 0.960, p = 0.020). Adherence to the beverage dietary pattern was positively associated with uric acid levels (OR = 1.005, p = 0.044). High fruit intake is positively correlated with aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase level (OR = 5.271, p = 0.005) and red blood cell count (OR = 4.805, p = 0.033). An unhealthy dietary pattern was positively correlated with lymphocyte counts (OR = 2.904, p = 0.011). Conclusions: In summary, a coarse grain-rich diet is suitable for Tibetan migrants. However, meat and fruit should not be consumed in excessive amounts, and sweetened drinks and alcohol should be avoided.
Open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures via anterolateral and posterolateral approaches
Authors: Shen Jie , Zhao Jiaju , Yi Nan , Zhang Yong , Zuo Zhicheng , Chai LuLu , Jiang Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to analyze and compare the efficacy of the anterolateral and posterolateral approaches for surgical treatment of supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures.Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 60 patients (60 feet) with supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures, including 30 patients (30 feet) treated via the anterolateral approach and 30 patients (30 feet) treated via the posterolateral approach. Postoperative clinical efficacy was compared between the groups based on operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, fracture healing time, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores, and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores. Comparisons between the two groups were performed using independent-samples t-tests and analyses of variance. Intra-group differences were compared using paired t-tests, and the Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables.Results: All 60 included patients completed follow-up ranging from 12 to 18 months (mean duration: 14.8±3.5 months). Although baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups, there were significant differences in operation time (86.73±17.44 min vs. 111.23±10.05 min, P<0.001) and intraoperative blood loss (112.60±25.05 ml vs. 149.47±44.30 ml, P<0.001). Although fracture healing time (10.90±0.66 weeks vs. 11.27±0.94 weeks, P=0.087) was shorter in the anterolateral group than in the posterolateral group, the difference was not significant. Postoperative complications occurred in one and three patients in the anterolateral and posterolateral approach groups, respectively. VAS scores were significantly lower in the anterolateral group than in the posterolateral group (1.43±0.50 vs. 1.83±0.75, P=0.019), although there was no significant difference in SF-36 scores between the groups (73.63±4.07 vs. 72.70±4.04, P=0.377). However, AOFAS scores were higher in the anterolateral group than in the posterolateral group (80.43±4.32 vs. 75.43±11.32, P=0.030).Conclusion: Both the anterolateral and posterior lateral approaches can achieve good results in the treatment of supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures. Compared with the posterolateral approach, the anterolateral approach is advantageous for the treatment of supination-external rotation type IV ankle fractures given its safety and ability to reduce trauma, provide clear exposure, and allow for exploration and repair of the inferior tibiofibular anterior syndesmosis within the same incision.
TCRosetta: a powerful server for analyzing and annotating T-cell receptor repertoire
Authors: Yue Tao , Chen Si-Yi , Shen Wen-Kang , Cheng Liming , Guo An-Yuan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Analyzing the T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is important with the advent of precision medicine and immunotherapy, as TCR repertoire could serve as a biomarker of immune response and disease progression. Though many TCR analysis methods have been developed for analyzing various aspects of the TCR repertoire, the usage of these methods requires experience in bioinformatics and is technically cumbersome. There is an urgent need to develop an easy-used online server for TCR repertoire analysis.
Methods
TCR CDR3 sequence with clinical information were collected from TCRdb. In TCR repertoire general analysis, Renyi entropy and 1-Pielou’s index was used to calculate diversity and clonality of the TCR repertoire, respectively. GIANA and iGraph were used to discover possible disease-specific TCR CDR3 sequences and construct a TCR network in network analysis. OLGA was used to calculate the generation probability of a CDR3 sequence in healthy individuals in public analysis. PHATE was used to embed TCR repertoire in embedding analysis.
Results
In this study, we introduce TCRosetta, a powerful platform for analyzing and annotating TCR repertoire. Above 244 million complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences of TCR beta chain (TRB) with disease information are integrated into the webserver, enabling big-data-based CDR3 annotation for the first time. The main functions of TCRosetta are as follows: (i) General feature analysis for TCR repertoire, including diversity, V/J gene usage, CDR3 length distribution, and clonality etc.; (ii) Annotate the disease preference of TCR repertoire and TRB CDR3 sequences; (iii) TCR repertoire network construction and analysis; (iv) Calculate generation probability of TRB CDR3 sequences. TCRosetta is the first comprehensive online server for TCR repertoire analysis and is useful for immunology research.
Biomarkers related to eRNAs predict early diagnosis and prognosis of colon cancer patients
Authors: Han Xinhao , Tian Wei , Sun Lin , Wang Hongying , Li Yan , Jia Huixun , Gao Guohong , Mai Liudan , Yin Shuwen , Zhang Qiuju , Liu Yanlong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We aimed to explore the potential roles of enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) and their target enhancer regulated genes (ERGs) in the diagnosis and prognosis of colon cancer. The selected colorectal cancer cases (stage I-III) from the TCGA were used as a training cohort and the GEO as a validation cohort. In the first part, ERGs related to diagnosis and TNM classification were identified by limma and univariate analyses. Then, based on the logistic regression model, a diagnosis score model was established. In the second half, ultimate ERGs were screened through three steps: the potential, candidates, and prognosis ERGs. Multivariate cox analysis was recruited to identify independently prognostic factors. The biology significance and clinical application of the genes obtained were investigated in different aspects. 2 ERGs (AXIN2, SLC12A2) were filtered, and the AUC of the diagnostic model was 0.94 and 0.89 respectively. Based on the multiple tiers of strict screening, 11 ERGs were obtained which were combined a signature. The model was reliable in distinguishing the risk of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲ colon patients, with 0.78, 0.70 at 5, 7 years and 0.73, 0.70 in the validation set, and also yielded good calibration. In this study, the usefulness and specificity of the ERGs markers in diagnosis and prognosis were described, which should be considered as a key feature in early examination, warning, and clinical guidance of colon cancer. We conclude that the major implications of the enhancers and ERGs should be valued, which would be an emerging hallmark in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
The leaf anatomical trade-offs associated with plant ecological strategy variation
Authors: Pierce Simon , Maffi Dario , Faoro Franco , Cerabolini Bruno E.L. , Spada Alberto 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plant functioning depends on variation in resource economics traits (acquisition vs. conservation) and the size of plants and their parts (the ‘global spectrum of plant form and function’). The anatomical basis of single traits (e.g., leaf mass per area; LMA) is understood, but little is known regarding the relationship between anatomical trade-offs and ecological strategies (suites of traits). We hypothesised correlations between the relative extent of leaf tissue types and Grime’s Competitor Stress-tolerator Ruderal (CSR) strategies, principally a trade-off between structural (mechanical/fibro-vascular) vs. photosynthetic (chlorenchyma and intercellular airspace; ICAS) tissues, for ecologically-contrasting herbaceous angiosperms in northern Italy. Specifically, that in the lamina portion the trade-off represents the economics spectrum (S-R selection), but in the mid-vein portion it reflects the mechanical constraints inherent to large leaves (varies with C-selection). We used microscopy and image analysis to determine the relative cross-sectional area of tissues from transverse leaf sections (lamina and midvein portions) of angiosperms of contrasting CSR strategies. Principal components analysis (PCA) determined that the main spectrum was that of economics (S-R selection) characterised by a mechanical/ICAS vs. chlorenchyma/epidermis trade-off in the midvein, but contrary to expectations ICAS and chlorenchyma did not trade-off in the lamina. The secondary axis involved a trade-off between larger leaved competitors with extensive mechanical/fibrovascular tissue and small-leaved species (S and R-selected) with proportionally greater ICAS, chlorenchyma and epidermis. Our results confirm the expectation that ecological strategy variation has a basis in underlying trade-offs between tissues with contrasting physiological and structural roles.
Dysregulated Spliceosome Activity Involves Increased Intron Retention Plus Upregulation and Phosphorylation of SF3B1 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Kashyap Manoj Kumar , Karathia Hiren , Kumar Deepak , Alvarez Roberto Vera , Lengerke-Diaz Paula A , Forero-Forero Jose Vicente , Moreno Eider , Lujan Juliana Velez , Amaya-Chanaga Carlos Ivan , Vidal Newton Medeiros , Yu Zhe , Achinko Daniel , Ghia Emanuela M. , Choi Michael Y. , Rassenti Laura Z. , Mariño-Ramírez Leonardo , Mount Stephen M. , Hannenhalli Sridhar , Kipps Thomas J. , Castro Januario E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAlternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental process in eukaryotes contributing to the diversity of mRNA isoforms with variable ratios of intron/exon. SF3B1 is a pivotal protein of the spliceosome machinery. Mutations in the SF3B1 gene have prognostic value in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). Our previous studies have shown that SF3B1 inhibition with macrolides induces apoptosis specifically in CLL compared with normal cells. SF3B1 inhibition is associated with a widespread increase in intron retention (IR) on most transcripts, suggesting that IR can be used as a marker of spliceosome inhibition in CLL cells. However, it is unknown how the activity of SF3B1 contributes to the spliceosome activity and the poor clinical prognosis in CLL.MethodsTo better understand this process, we performed a comprehensive analysis to quantify the abundance of individual exonic and intronic mapped reads on annotated RNA-Seq transcripts derived from the B cells of 98 CLL patients and nine healthy volunteers (Normal B cells – NBC). We calculated ratios for intron and exon abundance for each transcript and use this as a measure of intron retention (IR) and a surrogate for alternative splicing (AS).ResultsWe found that 66% of CLL B-cells transcripts had significant IR elevation compared to NBC and that transcripts with high IR were associated with low expression levels and mRNA downregulation. The IR increase in CLL B-cells was independent of prognostic factors such as IgVH or SF3B1 mutations. Transcripts with the highest IR levels belonged to biological pathways associated with gene expression and RNA splicing. Also, we observed a >2-fold increase of active pSF3B1 in CLL B-cells compared to NBC. Additionally, when the CLL-B cells were treated with macrolides (pladienolide-B), a significant decrease in pSF3B1, but not total SF3B1 protein was observed. ConclusionsOur findings suggest that IR/ARS is increased in CLL and that this process is associated with SF3B1 phosphorylation and susceptibility to SF3B1 inhibitors. These data provide additional support to the relevance of AS in carcinogenesis and evidence of pSF3B1 participation in this process.
Tissue dissociation for single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing for low amounts of input material
Authors: Wiegleb Gordon , Reinhardt Susanne , Dahl Andreas , Posnien Nico 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background Recent technological advances opened the opportunity to simultaneously study gene expression for thousands of individual cells on a genome-wide scale. The experimental accessibility of such single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) approaches already allowed gaining insights into the cell type composition of heterogeneous tissue samples of animal model systems and emerging models alike. A major prerequisite for a successful application of the method is the dissociation of complex tissue into individual cells, which often requires large amounts of input material and harsh mechanical, chemical and temperature conditions. However, the availability of tissue material may be limited for small animals, specific organs, certain developmental stages or if samples need to be acquired from collected specimens. Therefore, we evaluated different dissociation protocols to obtain single-cells from small tissue samples of Drosophila melanogaster eye-antennal imaginal discs. ResultsWe show that a combination of mechanical and chemical dissociation resulted in sufficient high-quality cells. As an alternative, we tested protocols for the isolation of single nuclei, which turned out to be highly efficient for fresh and for frozen tissue samples. Eventually, we performed scRNAseq and single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) to show that the best protocols for both methods successfully identified relevant cell types. However, snRNAseq resulted in less artificial gene expression that is caused by rather harsh dissociation conditions needed to obtain single cells for scRNAseq. Conclusion We present two dissociation protocols that allow isolating single cells and single nuclei, respectively, from low input material. Both protocols resulted in extraction of high-quality RNA for subsequent scRNAseq or snRNAseq applications. If tissue availability is limited, we recommend the snRNAseq procedure of fresh or frozen tissue samples as it is perfectly suited to obtain thorough insights into cellular diversity of complex tissue.
Association of Genitourinary Cancer Among Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: A Unique Pattern in a Tertiary Care Saudi Cohort
Authors: Seyam Raouf , Chaer Kenan Abou , Abouelkhair Ahmed , Almouh Arwa , Alzahrani Othman , Alghafees Mohammad , Alhamidi Razan A. , Al-Gonaim Ali , Al-Hussain Turki , Amin Tarek Mahmoud , Altaweel Waleed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The gastrointestinal tract's most commonly occurring primary mesenchymal tumor is the gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). However, few cases worldwide were reported associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we aimed to identify the association of genitourinary tumors in patients with GIST in our tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia.
Methods
We identified all patients in the pathology department database with the diagnosis of GIST. We excluded duplicate and recurrent cases. We examined patients’ files for the presence of RCC, adrenal tumors, or other genitourinary cancer.
Results
From 2003 to 2022, 170 patients had a histopathologic diagnosis of primary GIST, 100 men and 70 women, median age of 63 (± 15.5) years at the time of diagnosis. The site of primary GIST was gastric 103, small bowel 43, mesenteric 5, omentum/peritoneum 7, abdomen 4, isolated adrenal 1, and other 7. Eight patients had associated genitourinary cancer. Three patients had RCC (two clear cell RCC and one radiologic diagnosis only), three had adrenal tumors (one adrenal carcinoma, one an isolated adrenal GIST and one pheochromocytoma), and two had a tumor invading the urinary bladder. Although the cohort included 63 men aged 60 years old or above (median 71 ± 8.7 years, range 60–94), none demonstrated clinical prostatic carcinoma.
Conclusion
We report the rare association between GIST tumors and primary genitourinary cancer, mainly RCC and adrenal tumors. Also, we identified a secondary invasion of the urinary bladder. Unlike the reported series, none of the older male patients had clinical prostate cancer.