bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A non-photorealistic rendering method based on Chinese ink and wash painting style for 3D mountain models
Authors: Yan Ming , Wang Jie , Shen Yinghua , Lv Chaohui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The ink and wash painting stylized rendering with oriental aesthetic features is an important topic in non-photorealistic rendering (NPR). The research on the stylized rendering of two-dimensional (2D) models has received extensive attention, but there is still a lack of systematic research on the three-dimensional (3D) rendering effects of different brush strokes and texture mapping methods. In this paper, we mainly render the 3D mountain models from the whole ink and wash painting rendering process, different winkle rendering methods, and the canvas texture based on spatiotemporal consistency. First, the proposed rendering process is divided into feature lines rendering and interior area stylization, and the wrinkle rendering is carried out by the method of texture synthesis and texture mapping. In addition, mesh parameterization is introduced to avoid stretching and distortion that may occur during the texture mapping. Then, an empirical model is used to simulate the ink diffusion effect in the rendered image space. Finally, we investigate a dynamic canvas texture method considering temporal coherence, which uses a noise-based algorithm to generate the canvas texture that maintains the 2D appearance of the canvas under camera motion. Experimental results show that the winkle rendering and texture mapping method proposed in this paper adds rich details to 3D mountain models, and the “Shower Door” effect does not occur in the case of camera motion.
Development and validation of a disease-specific quality of life scale for adult patients with Fabry disease in Japan
Authors: Koto Yuta , Yamashita Wakana , Lee Yoko , Hadano Nozomi , Kokubu Chikara , Sakai Norio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder. It is associated with physical distress and social challenges that may affect adults differently compared to pediatric patients. However, there is no disease-specific quality of life (QOL) scale that can provide a detailed assessment of QOL for adults with Fabry disease. Therefore, we aimed to determine the factor structure and assess the validity of a scale that was created to assess the QOL of adult patients with Fabry disease. This study was conducted in two phases. First, scale feasibility was confirmed through a questionnaire survey of nine patients. Second, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of patients (aged ≥ 18 years) diagnosed with Fabry disease was conducted. Item development and refinement were conducted based on guidelines for scale development. Exploratory factor analysis was used to clarify the factor structure and confirm internal consistency. As a measure of QOL, construct validity was of the scale was verified based on its correlations with the Short Form-8 (SF-8) scale.

Results
The newly created Adult Fabry Disease QOL (AFQOL) scale comprises 39 items that cover five factors: “neuropathic pain and abdominal symptoms,” “impact on work and school,” “relationship challenges,” “ophthalmologic and otolaryngologic symptoms,” and “cardiovascular and renal symptoms.” Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for all factors was above 0.8, and the AFQOL total scores were significantly correlated with the physical and mental components of the SF-8 (rs = − 0.508 and − 0.400, respectively).

Conclusions
The AFQOL scale assesses physical symptoms and social difficulties experienced by adult patients with Fabry disease. A strength of the scale is its ability to assess the impact of work and relationships on patients. The scale can be useful in objectively assessing QOL for a group or for individual patients. Future research should explore further aspects of the scale’s validity and reliability.
Glycine encephalopathy
Authors: Bhumika S. , Basalingappa Kanthesh M. , Gopenath T. S. , Basavaraju Suman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInherited neurotransmitter diseases are a subset of rare neurometabolic disorders characterized by hereditary deficiencies in neurotransmitter metabolism or transport. Non-ketotic hyperglycinaemia (NKH), called glycine encephalopathy, is an autosomal recessive glycine metabolism disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of glycine in all bodily tissues, including the CNS. The SLC6A9 gene, which codes for the GLYT1 protein, a biochemical abnormality in the GCS, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase enzymes, which function as a GCS component, are responsible for the neonatal form’s symptoms, which include progressive encephalopathy, hypotonia, seizures, and occasionally mortality in the first few days of life. By changing the MAPK signalling pathways, glycine deprivation in the brain damages neurons by increasing NMDA receptor activation, increasing intracellular Ca levels, and leading to DNA breakage and cell death in the neuron region. In addition to the previously mentioned clinical diagnosis, NKH or GE would be determined by MLPA and 13C glycine breath tests. Pediatricians, surgeons, neurologists, and geneticists treat NKH and GE at the newborn period; there is no cure for either condition.
Effects of Statins on Fat Oxidation Improvements After Aerobic Exercise Training
Authors: Alvarez-Jimenez Laura , Morales-Palomo Felix , Moreno-Cabañas Alfonso , Ortega Juan F , Mora-Rodriguez Ricardo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContextStatins blunt cardiorespiratory fitness improvements after exercise training and may affect fat oxidation adaptations to training.ObjectiveTo determine if long-term statin use in dyslipidemic individuals restricts the improvements in fat oxidation typically observed after an intense exercise-training program.MethodsA total of 106 metabolic syndrome individuals either chronically medicated with statins (ie, statin group; n = 46) or statin naive (ie, control group; n = 60) completed a 16-week supervised high-intensity interval training program. Maximal rates of oxygen consumption (V˙O2MAX), fat oxidation (FOMAX), and the shape of the workload-fat oxidation curve were assessed before and 48 hours after training in an overnight fasted state.ResultsStarting from a similar value at baseline, both groups increased V˙O2MAX after training, but the increase was larger in the control than in the statin group (19.4% vs 12.6%; P = .013). Before training, FOMAX in the statin group was lower (0.19 ± 0.08 vs 0.23 ± 0.07 g·min−1; P = .023) and took place at a lower workload (33 ± 21 vs 37 ± 19 W; P = .015) than in the control group. After training, FOMAX improved similarly in both groups (0.06 ± 0.08; 95% CI, 0.03-0.08 g·min−1 and 0.05 ± 0.09; 95% CI, 0.03-0.07 g·min−1, for statin and control groups, respectively; (P &lt; .001). Still, after training, FOMAX occurred at a 28% lower workload in the statin group (38 ± 26 vs 53 ± 32 W; P = .048). The V˙O2-workload slope decreased after training in both groups (both P &lt; .001) along with reductions in the respiratory exchange ratio-workload slope. Fat oxidation increased at all workloads after training regardless of the use of statins.ConclusionLong-term statin treatment is associated with blunted exercise fat oxidation before exercise training. However, statin use does not attenuate the improvements in exercise fat oxidation (FOMAX) derived from intense aerobic exercise training. This finding should encourage statin users to exercise-train to benefit from increased fat oxidation once their fitness level improves.
Bruxism – contemporary knowledge about the disorder and therapeutic possibilities
Authors: Rusin Bartosz , Wójcik Alicja , Pakaszewski Wojciech , Ziomko Bartłomiej , Smulewicz Klaudia 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: bruxism is a parafunction characterized by excessive activity of the masticatory muscles, consisting in grinding, or clenching of the teeth. The etiology of bruxism is multifactorial. Carefully collected history and additional tests enable correct diagnosis. There is no single method that is completely effective in treating bruxism. It is important to make the patient aware of the disorder, it’s possible consequences, and the need for treatment.

Aim of the study: approximation of the bruxism profile, drawing attention to the prevalence of the disorder and the need for early diagnosis, as well as discussing the current therapeutic options

Material and methods: the authors reviewed the literature on bruxism in terms of its causes, epidemiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Conclusions: Correct, short-term diagnosis and application of appropriate treatment may inhibit the development of functional disorders of the masticatory system.
Translation, reliability, and validity of Amharic versions of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7)
Authors: Melkie Tadesse Belayneh , Gashaw Zelalem Mengistu , Workineh Zelalem Ayichew , Andargie Tamiru Minwuye , Debele Tibeb Zena , Nigatu Solomon Gedlu 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Pelvic Floor Disorders (PFDs) affects many women and have a significant impact on their quality of life. Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7) and Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20) help to assess PFDs; however, both are not culturally translated into the Amharic-language. Hence, we aimed to translate the English versions of short forms of the PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 into Amharic-language and evaluate their psychometric properties in Amharic-speaking Ethiopian women with symptomatic PFDs.

Methods
The PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 were translated into Amharic language using standard procedures. The Amharic versions were completed by 197 patients (response rate 92%) with PFDs from University of Gondar specialized and comprehensive Hospital. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined through Cronbach’s alpha and Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). A relative criterion standard, POP-SS-7 score, was correlated with total PFDI-20 and subscale POPDI-6 scores using spearman’s rank order correlation (SCC). Construct validity was evaluated by known group validity using the Mann–Whitney U test.

Results
Both instruments were successfully translated and adapted with an excellent content validity (> 0.90). The Amharic versions of the PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 showed excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability in both summary and subscales (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.92 for PFDI-20 and 0.91 for PFIQ-7; and ICC: 0.97 for PFDI-20 and 0.86 for PFIQ-7). Criterion validity was good for POPDI-6 (SCC = 0.71; p < 0.001). Moreover, construct validity was acceptable, showing significant differences among groups of PFDs in the PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 scores (Mann–Whitney U Test; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The Amharic versions of the PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 are comprehensible, reliable, valid, and feasible in Ethiopian Amharic-speaking women with PFDs to evaluate symptoms and its impact during research and clinical practice. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the responsiveness.
A Delphi technique toward the development of a cognitive intervention framework module for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment following chemotherapy
Authors: Syed Alwi Syarifah Maisarah , Mazlan Mazlina , Mohd Taib Nur Aishah , Che Din Normah , Narayanan Vairavan 
Published: November 2022

Objective
Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a well-known phenomenon among breast cancer survivors. Cognitive impairment among breast cancer survivors can significantly affect their quality of life and ability to function independently. However, there is a lack of specific and focused cognitive intervention to improve their cognitive performances. This study aimed to develop a tailored cognitive intervention framework module by adapting the attention and memory interventions from the Cognitive Rehabilitation Manual of the Brain Injury Interdisciplinary Special Interest Group (BI-SIG) of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM) and incorporating them with the relevant exercises for cognitive rehabilitation for Malaysian breast cancer survivors with CRCI based on the consensus agreement of the expert panel.

Methods and analysis
The Delphi consensus technique was conducted online to review and evaluate the framework module. A panel of experts, including rehabilitation medicine physicians, occupational therapists, and clinical psychologists in Malaysia, was invited to participate in this study. For each round, the expert consensus was defined as more than 90% of the expert panel agreeing or strongly agreeing with the proposed items.

Results
A total of 33 practitioners completed the three Delphi rounds. 72.7% of the expert panel have been practising in their relevant clinical fields for more than six years (M = 10.67, SD = 5.68). In Round 1, 23% of the experts suggested that the framework module for attention training required further improvements, specifically in the language (M = 1.97, SD = 0.75) and instructions (M = 2.03, SD = 0.71) provided. In Round 2, 15% of the experts recommended additional changes in the instruction (M = 2.15, SD = 0.67) for attention training. Amendments made to the framework module in line with the recommendations provided by the experts resulted in a higher level of consensus, as 94% to 100% of the experts in Round 3 concluded the framework module was suitable and comprehensive for our breast cancer survivors. Following the key results, the objectives were practical, and the proposed approaches, strategies, and techniques for attention and memory training were feasible. The clarity of the instructions, procedures, verbatim transcripts, and timeframe further enhanced the efficacy and utility of the framework module.

Conclusions
This study found out that the cognitive intervention framework module for breast cancer survivors with cognitive impairment following chemotherapy can be successfully developed and feasible to be implemented using Delphi technique.
Addressing obstetricians’ awareness of compassion, communication, and self-care when caring for families experiencing stillbirth: Evaluation of a novel educational workshop using applied drama techniques
Authors: McNamara Karen , Smith Aisling , Shine Brid , Cregan Mairie , Prihodova Lucia , O’Shaughnessy Ann , Martin Aisling , Macdonald Jenny , Kingston Phil , Fitzpatrick Chris , Hennessy Marita , O’Donoghue Keelin 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
Obstetricians describe feeling shocked and isolated following stillbirth. Few receive adequate training in how to care for bereaved parents or themselves. We developed a novel workshop for trainee obstetricians using applied drama techniques–in collaboration with the National Theatre of Ireland, the national training body for obstetricians and gynaecologists, and patient support groups–to teach obstetricians skills in communication and self-care around the time of stillbirth.

Materials and methods
Five workshops, delivered January-May 2018, are the focus of this evaluation. Senior trainees in Obstetrics attended and completed a post-workshop evaluation questionnaire. Five-point Likert scales were used to assess participants’ communication and support skills pre- and post- the workshop, and their views on pre-specified attributes needed when caring for families experiencing stillbirth and aspects of the workshop. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, respectively.

Results
39/59 (66%) workshop participants completed the questionnaires. Most had received no prior training in caring for families experiencing antenatal (31/39, 80%) or intrapartum (34/39, 87%) stillbirth. Following the workshop there was a significant improvement in trainee’s level of confidence in breaking bad news, communicating clearly with the family when breaking bad news, recognising the emotional needs of the family, recognising their own emotional responses, and supporting their colleagues. Trainees were positive about the workshop content and delivery; 90% stated they would recommend it to a colleague.

Discussion
Adequate, appropriate, and stimulating education and training in stillbirth care and self-care is clearly needed to improve patient care. Our findings demonstrate that this novel educational workshop using applied drama techniques–developed in collaboration with diverse stakeholders and underpinned by the views of parents and obstetricians who had experience of stillbirth–is an acceptable and appropriate way of training obstetricians in how to care for bereaved parents and/or to engage in self-care.
Pulmonary sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection and factors associated with persistent abnormal lung function at six months after infection: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Yazji Bashour , Voduc Nha , Mulpuru Sunita , Cowan Juthaporn 
Published: November 2022

Background
Information on the long-term pulmonary sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited.

Methods
Prospective cohort study of hospitalized and non-hospitalized adult patients age >18 with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection by RT-PCR three months prior to enrolment between June and December 2020. Participants underwent full pulmonary function test (PFT), cardiopulmonary exercise testing at 3 months and 6 months. Primary outcome was mean differences of forced vital capacity (FVC), diffuse capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and oxygen consumption (VO2) at 6 vs. 3 months. Secondary outcomes were respiratory outcomes classified into 5 clinical groups–no lung disease, resolved lung disease, persistent lung disease, PFT abnormalities attributable to pre-existing lung disease or other factors, and mild PFT abnormalities of uncertain clinical significance.

Results
Fifty-one, 30 hospitalized and 21 non-hospitalized, participants were included. Median age was 51 years; 20 (39.2%) were female. Mean (±SD) percent predicted values of FVC, DLCO and VO2 at 3 vs 6-month-visits were 96.2 ± 15.6 vs. 97.6 ± 15.5, 73.74 ±18 vs. 78.5 ± 15.5, and 75.5 ± 18.9 vs. 76.1 ± 21.5, respectively. Nineteen (37%) patients had physiologic and/or radiographic evidence of lung disease at 3 months with eight (15.7%) continuing to have persistent disease at 6 months. History of diabetes, hypertension, ICU admission and elevated D-Dimer levels were associated with persistent lung disease at 6 months.

Interpretation
Persistent lung disease at 6 months post SARS-CoV-2 infection exists. Changes of lung function between 3- and 6-months are not significant. A longer follow-up is required to determine long-term prognosis.
Evaluating the technical efficiency of neonatal health service among primary hospitals of northwest Ethiopia: Using two-stage data envelopment analysis and Tobit regression model
Authors: Lamesgen Anteneh , Miniyihun Amare , Amare Tsegaw 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMost cases of neonatal mortality are preventable but a substantial number of cases get complicated and become irreversible not only due to scarcity but also due to inefficient utilization of available resources in the health service. However, limited evidence shows the efficiency level of health facilities in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the technical efficiency of neonatal health service and its associated factors among primary hospitals in three zones of Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among fifteen randomly selected primary hospitals from March 17 to April 17, 2021. Input data on non-salary recurrent costs, salary costs, and the number of beds, and output data on neonatal admissions, outpatient visits, and referrals for the 2019/20 fiscal year were collected using a document review. In the first stage of analysis, input-oriented data envelopment analysis with a variable return-to-scale assumption was employed to estimate the efficiency scores using DEAP 2.1. A Tobit regression model was fitted in the second stage to identify the associated factors with technical efficiency. Variables with a p-value <0.05 were declared as statistically associated factors.ResultsIn this study, 80% of the primary hospitals were pure technical efficient whereas 46.67% of the facilities were scale efficient with all of the scale inefficient hospitals operating below their scale. The mean pure technical and scale efficiency score of primary hospitals was 0.948±0.113 and 0.887±0.143, respectively. Total catchment population, incentive packages for the clinical staff, and the educational status of the manager were positively associated with the technical efficiency of hospitals. On the other hand, technical efficiency was negatively associated with the presence of a health facility that provides neonatal health services near the hospital and the distance of the manager’s residence.ConclusionThough most of the primary hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia were technical efficient, more than half of them were working below their scale of operation. Our results also indicated that introducing the performance-based provision of incentive packages for clinical staff and employing master’s and above-educated health professionals as a manager might improve the efficient utilization of resources in primary hospitals.
Indeks Hepatosomatic Rattus norvegicus Hiperlipidemia Setelah Paparan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Azadirachta Indica
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri , Pratiwi Anggih Retno , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun 
Published: November 2022

Pakan tinggi lemak terutama kolesterol dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hiperlipidemia, hal ini merupakan salah satu faktor pemicu terjadinya penyakit perlemakan hepar non alkoholik. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Mimba) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung antioksidan, antihiperlipidemia, dan memiliki aktivitas hepatoprotektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh paparan ekstrak etanol daun mimba (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) terhadap hepatosomatic index (HSI) tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diberi diet tinggi lemak. Dua puluh empat ekor tikus putih dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok perlakuan yaitu, P0 = kontrol normal, P1= kontrol negatif (diet tinggi lemak), P2 (diet tinggi lemak+simvastatin), P3 (diet tinggi lemak + dosis 75mg/ 200gBB), P4 (diet tinggi lemak+dosis 100mg/ 200gBB) dan P5 (diet tinggi lemak+ 125mg/ 200gBB). Penentuan HSI diperoleh dari bobot hepar dan bobot badan. Preparat dibuat dengan metode paraffin dan pewarnaan HE. Data berat badan, berat hepar dan hepatosomatic index yang homogen dan berdistribusi normal dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 5% menggunakan software SPSS 16.0. Hasil analisis hepatosomatic index pada kelompok perlakuan menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata (p>0,05). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mimba tergolong aman untuk digunakan sebagai obat herbal. Diets high in fat, especially cholesterol, can cause hyperlipidemia, this is one of the triggering factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) is an herbal plant that contains antioxidants, antihyperlipidemia, and has hepatoprotective activity. This study aims to determine the effect of exposure to ethanolic extract of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on the hepatosomatic index (HSI) of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) fed a high-fat diet. Twenty-four white rats were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely, P0 = normal control, P1 = negative control (high fat diet), P2 (high fat diet + simvastatin), P3 (high fat diet + 75mg/200gBW dose), P4 (high-fat diet + dose of 100mg/200gBW) and P5 (high-fat diet+125mg/200gBW). Determination of HSI was obtained from liver weight and body weight. Data on body weight, liver weight and hepatosomatic index which were homogeneous and normally distributed were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan's test with a significance level of 5% using SPSS 16.0 software. The results of the analysis of the hepatosomatic index in the treatment group showed no significant difference (p>0.05). So it can be concluded that the administration of neem leaf ethanol extract is safe for use as herbal medicine.