bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online course delivery, assessment, and student satisfaction: The case of Quantitative Chemical Analysis course in the time of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sonji Ghassan , Hammoudi Halat Dalal , Mehyou Zeina , Rahal Mohamad 
Published: February 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has transformed the concept and perception of normalcy, compelling instructors to switch from face-to-face to online instruction overnight. Meanwhile, the satisfaction of course learning outcomes remains a critical element of modern educational systems and should be monitored during online education.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the online delivery and assessment tools of a Quantitative Chemical Analysis course and evaluate student satisfaction.
Methods: Formative and summative assessments were used to test students' learning and the application of Quantitative Chemical Analysis concepts using online teaching models. At the end of the semester, a Likert scale survey was sent to all students to get their feedback.
Results: Students were extremely satisfied with online learning, believing that the course's intended learning outcomes were met, with student ability to perform calculations and evaluate errors, precision, and accuracy receiving the highest scores, and student ability to explore multiple solutions for a given problem receiving the lowest scores.
Nursing needs and prevention of complications after central venous catheterisation
Authors: Zujeva Olga , Gierasimovič Zita , Giedrimė Lina 
Published: February 2022

Central venous catheterisation (CVC) is an invasive medical procedure with a high risk of complications. The role of the advanced practice nurse, who is aware of the types of CVC, potential risk factors and complication prevention tactics, is important in order to reduce the incidence of CVC complications.
Objective. The aim of this article is to review the nursing needs and prevention of complications after central venous catheterisation.
Materials and methods. Seventeen publications up to five years old on the topic were analysed. Articles from 2016 to 2021 were selected from PubMed, UpToDate and Google medical databases. All publications are in English, the text is full and free to access, and the year is no older than 2019. The selected publications describe complications associated with the CVC insertion procedure, choice of catheterisation site, recommendations for nursing staff on CVC care, and prevention of complications.
Results. The mortality rate from bloodstream infection associated with CVC is approximately 12-25%. Because of the increased risk of infection, it is recommended to avoid femoral vein access. Inadvertent puncture of the artery, air embolism, bleeding and thrombosis are common complications. To reduce the incidence of mechanical complications, ultrasound should be used for diagnostic purposes during the insertion of the central venous catheter. The role of the nurse in the interprofessional team during the CVC insertion procedure is important. The nurse's knowledge and clinical skills are one of the preventive measures, which is significant and important in controlling late infection and aseptic management of CVC.
Conclusions. 1. Clinical practice of the nurse is based on the regulating legal acts, systematic training of the advanced practice nurse allows to manage the interventional procedure of central venous catheter placement. 2. Diagnostic control is used to reduce the risk of mechanical complications. Aseptic care of the central venous catheter is important for the prevention of infections.
“GOSTO DE HOMEM COM JEITO DE HOMEM”: CONFIGURAÇÕES DO DESEJO, DA ATRAÇÃO E DA SEXUALIDADE NA BUSCA PELA MASCULINIDADE IDEAL
Authors: Francisco dos Reis Aparecido , Luiz Ferro Angelo , De Morais Rodrigues Felipe 
Published: February 2022

Este texto é parte do projeto de pesquisa sobre a erótica dissidente nos grupos de mulheres lésbicas, homens gays, transexuais e travestis em Campo Grande. O objetivo geral do projeto foi investigar a afetividade, o desejo, a atração, a sexualidade e a corporalidade nesses grupos sociais. No entanto, o artigo a seguir delimita essa discussão ao âmbito de nove (9) homossexuais masculinos entre 25 e 35 anos, entrevistados durante os anos de 2018 e 2019. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de campo com entrevistas semiestruturadas. O resultados demonstraram que a visão de mundo dos homens gays entrevistados sobre o corpo, desejo, atração e sexualidade estão em conformidade com o padrão de masculinidade vigente na sociedade local e de certo modo, consonante ao processo sociocultural predominante no mundo ocidental nos últimos dois séculos, como se pôde perceber pela pesquisa e pela literatura acerca do tema.
Hominescence
Authors: Serres Michel 
Published: February 2022

According to Michel Serres, a process of ‘hominescence’ has taken place throughout human history. Hominescence can be described as a type of adolescence; humanity in a state of growing, a state of constant change, on the threshold of something unpredictable. We are destined never to be the same again but what will does the future hold?
In this innovative and passionately original work of philosophy, Serres describes the future of man as an adolescence, transitioning from childhood to adulthood, or luminescence, when a dark body becomes light. After considering the radical changes that humanity has experienced over the last fifty years, Serres analyzes the new relationship of man has with diverse concepts, like the dead, his own body, agriculture, and new communication networks. He alerts us to the consequences of these changes, particularly on the danger of growing inequalities between rich and poor countries.
Should we rejoice in the future, ignore it, or even dread it? Unlike other philosophies that preach doom and gloom, Hominescence calls for us to anticipate the uncertain light of the future.
Happiness
Authors: Badiou Alain 
Published: February 2022

‘All philosophy is a metaphysics of happiness…or it’s not worth an hour of trouble’ claims Alain Badiou in this lively intervention into one of the most persistent themes in philosophy: what is happiness? And what do I need to do to be happy? The desire to be happy is one of our most universal goals and yet there doesn’t seem to be any easy answers or formulas for achieving happiness. And the concept has become so commodified and corrupted to be almost unrecognizable as something worth pursuing. In light of this, should we just give up the aspiration to be happy altogether? Alain Badiou thinks not.
While eschewing futile procedures for magically becoming ‘happy’, Badiou does passionately maintain that in order to be truly happy we need philosophy. And, bolder still, that a life lived philosophically is the happiest life of all!
Philosophy For Non-Philosophers
Authors: Althusser Louis 
Published: February 2022

In 1980, at the end of the most intensely political period of his work and life, Louis Althusser penned Philosophy for Non-philosophers. Available here for the first time in English, Philosophy for Non-philosophers constitutes a rigorous and engaged attempt to address a wide reading public unfamiliar with Althusser’s project. As such, the work is a concentration of the most fundamental theses of Althusser’s own ideas, and presents a synthesis of his sprawling and disparate philosophical and political writings. Nowhere else does Althusser push the distinction between philosophy and other disciplines as far, or develop in such detail the concept of ‘practice’.
Rather than a work of ‘popular philosophy’, Philosophy for Non-philosophers is a continuation and conglomeration of Althusser’s thought; a thought whose radicality is still perceptible in those that have followed since. Philosophy for Non-philosophers thus provides a vivid encapsulation of Althusser’s seminal influence on the leading thinkers of today, including Ranciere, Badiou, Balibar, and Žižek.
Branches
Authors: Serres Michel 
Published: February 2022

Despite being one of France’s most enduring and popular philosophers, Branches is the first English translation of what has been identified as Michel Serres’ key text on humanism.
In attempting to reconcile humanity and nature, Serres examines how human history ‘branches’ off from its origin story. Using the metaphor of a branch springing from the stem and arguing that the branch’s originality derives its format, Serres identifies dogmatic philosophy as the stem, while philosophy as the branch represents its inventive, shape-shifting, or interdisciplinary elements. In Branches, Serres provides a unique reading of the history of thought and removes the barriers between science, culture, art and religion. His fluency and this fluidity of subject matter combine here to make a book suitable for students of Continental philosophy, post-humanism, the medical humanities and philosophical science, while providing any reader with a wider understanding of the world in which they find themselves.
THỰC TRẠNG KIẾN THỨC THỰC HÀNH VỀ TUÂN THỦ ĐIỀU TRỊ CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Thị Hường Nguyễn , Thị Bình Lê 
Published: February 2022

Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang kết hợp phân tích thực hiện trên 384 bệnh nhân tại Khoa Khám bệnh, Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 12/2020 đến tháng 5/2021 trên bệnh nhân tăng huyết áp đến khám bệnh tại bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Mục tiêu phân tích tuân thủ điều trị, chăm sóc người bệnh tăng huyết áp và một số yếu tố liên quan. Có đạt kiến thức chung về tăng huyết áp là 68% và chưa đạt về kiến thức chiếm 32%. Thực hành chung về điều trị tăng huyết áp mức đạt là 40,9% và chưa đạt là 59,1%; Về tuân thủ thực hành điều trị tăng huyết áp tốt chiếm 63,5% và tuân thủ chưa tốt chiếm 36,5%; Có sự khác biệt rõ rệt và có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa tuổi > 60 tuổi và < 60 tuổi với tuân thủ điều trị (p<0,05), giữa BMI < 18,5 và 18,5 – 23 (p < 0,05), giữa BMI < 18,5 và > 23 (p < 0,05), giữa thời gian bị THA mắc bệnh trên 10 năm và dưới 10 năm với tuân thủ điều trị (p < 0,000). Giữa đã từng có biến chứng và không với tuân thủ điều trị (p < 0,000). Giữa có tăng Lipid máu với tuân thủ điều trị (p < 0,000). Giữa kiến thức chưa đạt và có kiến thức đạt với tuân thủ điều trị (p<0,000); giữa nhóm BMI với kiến thức; giữa thời gian bị bệnh < 5 năm và > 5 năm với kiến thức (p < 0,05); giữa đã từng bị biến chứng với thực hành (p <0,05). Giữa Kiến thức về tăng huyết áp đạt và chưa đạt với thực hành đạt và chưa đạt (p < 0,000)
Urban inland wintertime N2O5 and ClNO2 influenced by snow-covered ground, air turbulence, and precipitation
Authors: Kulju Kathryn D. , McNamara Stephen M. , Chen Qianjie , Kenagy Hannah S. , Edebeli Jacinta , Fuentes Jose D. , Bertman Steven B. , Pratt Kerri A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The atmospheric multiphase reaction of dinitrogen
pentoxide (N2O5) with chloride-containing aerosol particles
produces nitryl chloride (ClNO2), which has been observed across the
globe. The photolysis of ClNO2 produces chlorine radicals and nitrogen
dioxide (NO2), which alter pollutant fates and air quality. However,
the effects of local meteorology on near-surface ClNO2 production are
not yet well understood, as most observational and modeling studies focus on
periods of clear conditions. During a field campaign in Kalamazoo, Michigan,
from January–February 2018, N2O5 and ClNO2 were measured
using chemical ionization mass spectrometry, with simultaneous measurements
of atmospheric particulate matter and meteorological parameters. We examine
the impacts of atmospheric turbulence, precipitation (snow, rain) and fog,
and ground cover (snow-covered and bare ground) on the abundances of
ClNO2 and N2O5. N2O5 mole ratios were lowest during
periods of lower turbulence and were not statistically significantly
different between snow-covered and bare ground. In contrast, ClNO2 mole
ratios were highest, on average, over snow-covered ground, due to saline
snowpack ClNO2 production. Both N2O5 and ClNO2 mole
ratios were lowest, on average, during rainfall and fog because of
scavenging, with N2O5 scavenging by fog droplets likely
contributing to observed increased particulate nitrate concentrations. These
observations, specifically those during active precipitation and with
snow-covered ground, highlight important processes, including N2O5
and ClNO2 wet scavenging, fog nitrate production, and snowpack
ClNO2 production, that govern the variability in observed atmospheric
chlorine and nitrogen chemistry and are missed when considering only clear
conditions.
Long-term fluxes of carbonyl sulfide and their seasonality and interannual variability in a boreal forest
Authors: Vesala Timo , Kohonen Kukka-Maaria , Kooijmans Linda M. J. , Praplan Arnaud P. , Foltýnová Lenka , Kolari Pasi , Kulmala Markku , Bäck Jaana , Nelson David , Yakir Dan , Zahniser Mark , Mammarella Ivan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The seasonality and interannual variability of
terrestrial carbonyl sulfide (COS) fluxes are poorly constrained. We present
the first easy-to-use parameterization for the net COS forest sink based on the
longest existing eddy covariance record from a boreal pine forest, covering 32 months
over 5 years. Fluxes from hourly to yearly scales are reported, with the aim
of revealing controlling factors and the level of interannual variability.
The parameterization is based on the photosynthetically active radiation,
vapor pressure deficit, air temperature, and leaf area index. Wavelet
analysis of the ecosystem fluxes confirmed earlier findings from
branch-level fluxes at the same site and revealed a 3 h lag between COS
uptake and air temperature maxima at the daily scale, whereas no lag between
radiation and COS flux was found. The spring recovery of the flux after the
winter dormancy period was mostly governed by air temperature, and the onset
of the uptake varied by 2 weeks. For the first time, we report a significant
reduction in ecosystem-scale COS uptake under a large water vapor pressure
deficit in summer. The maximum monthly and weekly median COS uptake varied by
26 % and 20 % between years, respectively. The timing of the latter varied
by 6 weeks. The fraction of the nocturnal uptake remained below 21 % of
the total COS uptake. We observed the growing season (April–August) average
net flux of COS totaling −58.0 g S ha−1 with 37 % interannual
variability. The long-term flux observations were scaled up to evergreen
needleleaf forests (ENFs) in the whole boreal region using the Simple Biosphere
Model Version 4 (SiB4). The observations were closely simulated using
SiB4 meteorological drivers and phenology. The total COS uptake by boreal
ENFs was in line with a missing COS sink at high latitudes pointed out in
earlier studies.
Surface ozone impacts on major crop production in China from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Li Dianyi , Shindell Drew , Ding Dian , Lu Xiao , Zhang Lin , Zhang Yuqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Exposure to elevated surface ozone is damaging to crops. In this
study, we performed an analysis of temporal and spatial distributions of
relative yield losses (RYLs) attributable to surface ozone for major crops
in China from 2010 to 2017, by applying AOT40 metrics (hourly ozone
concentration over a threshold of 40 ppbv during the growing season)
simulated using a chemical transport model. The major crops in China include
wheat, rice (including double early and late rice, and single rice), maize
(including north and south maize), and soybean. The aggregated production
and associated economic losses in China and major provinces were evaluated
by combing annual crop production yields and crop market prices. We
estimated that the national annual average AOT40 in China increased from
21.98 ppm h in 2010 to 23.85 ppm h in 2017, with a peak value of 35.69 ppm h
in 2014, as simulated with the model. There is significant spatial
heterogeneity for the AOT40 and RYLs across the four crops due to the
seasonal ozone variations. We calculated that national mean RYLs for wheat,
rice, maize, and soybean were 11.45 %–19.74 %, 7.59 %–9.29 %,
0.07 %–3.35 %, and 6.51 %–9.92 %, respectively, from 2010 to 2017. The
associated crop yield losses were estimated at 13.81–36.51, 16.89–20.03, 4.59–8.17, and 1.09–1.84 million metric
tons (Mt) respectively,
which accounted for annual average economic loss of USD 9.55 billion,
USD 8.53 billion, USD 2.23 billion, and USD 1.16 billion individually over the
8 years. Our study provides the first long-term quantitative estimation of
crop yield losses and their economic cost from surface ozone exposure in
China before and after the China Clean Air Act in 2013, and improves
understanding of the spatial sensitivity of Chinese crops to ozone impacts.
Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity analysis of low-hygroscopicity aerosols using the aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC)
Authors: Gohil Kanishk , Asa-Awuku Akua A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The aerodynamic aerosol classifier (AAC) is a novel instrument that size-selects aerosol particles based on their mechanical mobility. So far, the application of an AAC for cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity analysis of aerosols has yet to be explored. Traditionally, a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) is used for aerosol classification in a CCN experimental setup. A DMA classifies particles based on their electrical mobility. Substituting the DMA with an AAC can eliminate multiple-charging artifacts as classification using an AAC does not require particle charging. In this work, we describe an AAC-based CCN experimental setup and CCN analysis method. We also discuss and develop equations to quantify the uncertainties associated with aerosol particle sizing. To do so, we extend the AAC transfer function analysis and calculate the measurement uncertainties of the aerodynamic diameter from the resolution of the AAC. The analysis framework has been packaged into a Python-based CCN Analysis Tool (PyCAT 1.0) open-source code, which is available on GitHub for public use. Results show that the AAC size-selects robustly (AAC resolution is 10.1, diffusion losses are minimal, and particle transmission is high) at larger aerodynamic diameters (≥∼ 85 nm). The size-resolved activation ratio is ideally sigmoidal since no charge corrections are required. Moreover, the uncertainties in the critical particle aerodynamic diameter at a given supersaturation can propagate through droplet activation, and the subsequent uncertainties with respect to the single-hygroscopicity parameter (κ) are reported. For a known aerosol such as sucrose, the κ derived from the critical dry aerodynamic diameter can be up to ∼ 50 % different from the theoretical κ. In this work, we do additional measurements to obtain dynamic shape factor information and convert the sucrose aerodynamic to volume equivalent diameter. The volume equivalent diameter applied to κ-Köhler theory improves the agreement between measured and theoretical κ. Given the limitations of the coupled AAC–CCN experimental setup, this setup is best used for low-hygroscopicity aerosol (κ≤0.2) CCN measurements.
From glacial erosion to basin overfill: a 240 m-thick overdeepening–fill sequence in Bern, Switzerland
Authors: Schwenk Michael A. , Schläfli Patrick , Bandou Dimitri , Gribenski Natacha , Douillet Guilhem A. , Schlunegger Fritz 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We drilled a 210 m-thick succession of Quaternary sediments and extended it 30 m upsection with information that we collected from an adjacent outcrop. In the 240 m-thick succession we identified 12 different lithofacies, grouped them into five facies assemblages, and distinguished two major sedimentary sequences. A sharp contact at 103 m depth cuts off cross-beds in sequence A and separates them from the overlying horizontal beds in sequence B. Although the lowermost facies assemblage of each sequence includes a till deposited during a period of ice cover, the two tills differ from each other. In particular, the till at the base of sequence A is dominated by large clasts derived from the underlying Molasse bedrock, whereas the till at the base of sequence B has no such Molasse components. Furthermore, the till in sequence A bears evidence of glaciotectonic deformation. Both tills are overlain by thick assemblages of subaqueous, most likely glaciolacustrine and lacustrine facies elements. The cross-bedded and steeply inclined sand, gravel, and diamictic beds of sequence A are interpreted as deposits of density currents in a subaqueous ice-contact fan system within a proglacial lake. In contrast, the lacustrine sediments in sequence B are considered to record a less energetic environment where the material was most likely deposited in a prodelta setting that gradually developed into a delta plain. Towards the top, sequence B evolves into a fluvial system recorded in sequence C, when large sediment fluxes of a possibly advancing glacier resulted in a widespread cover of the region by a thick gravel unit. Feldspar luminescence dating on two samples from a sand layer at the top of sequence B provided uncorrected ages of 250.3 ± 80.2 and 251.3 ± 59.8 ka. The combination of these ages with lithostratigraphic correlations of sedimentary sequences encountered in neighboring scientific drillings suggests that sequence B was deposited between Marine Isotope Stage 8 (MIS 8; 300–243 ka) and MIS 7 (243–191 ka). This depositional age marks the end of one stage of overdeepening–fill in the perialpine Aare Valley near Bern.
A comparison of the stability and performance of depth-integrated ice-dynamics solvers
Authors: Robinson Alexander , Goldberg Daniel , Lipscomb William H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. In the last decade, the number of ice-sheet models has increased substantially, in line with the growth of the glaciological community. These models use solvers based on different approximations of ice dynamics. In particular, several depth-integrated dynamics solvers have emerged as fast solvers capable of resolving the relevant physics of ice sheets at the continental scale. However, the numerical stability of these schemes has not been studied systematically to evaluate their effectiveness in practice. Here we focus on three such solvers, the so-called Hybrid, L1L2-SIA and DIVA solvers, as well as the well-known SIA and SSA solvers as boundary cases. We investigate the numerical stability of these solvers as a function of grid resolution and the state of the ice sheet for an explicit time discretization scheme of the mass conservation step. Under simplified conditions with constant viscosity, the maximum stable time step of the Hybrid solver, like the SIA solver, has a quadratic dependence on grid resolution. In contrast, the DIVA solver has a maximum time step that is independent of resolution as the grid becomes increasingly refined, like the SSA solver. A simple 1D implementation of the L1L2-SIA solver indicates that it should behave similarly, but in practice, the complexity of its implementation appears to restrict its stability. In realistic simulations of the Greenland Ice Sheet with a nonlinear rheology, the DIVA and SSA solvers maintain superior numerical stability, while the SIA, Hybrid and L1L2-SIA solvers show markedly poorer performance. At a grid resolution of Δx=4 km, the DIVA solver runs approximately 20 times faster than the Hybrid and L1L2-SIA solvers as a result of a larger stable time step. Our analysis shows that as resolution increases, the ice-dynamics solver can act as a bottleneck to model performance. The DIVA solver emerges as a clear outlier in terms of both model performance and its representation of the ice-flow physics itself.