bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmers’ perceptions of climate change, long-term variability and trends in rainfall in Apac district, northern Uganda
Authors: Atube Francis , Malinga Geoffrey M. , Nyeko Martine , Okello Daniel M. , Mugonola Basil , Omony George William , Okello-Uma Ipolto 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Climate change poses severe threats to smallholder farmers' agricultural livelihoods and food security in Sub Saharan Africa. Understanding long-term rainfall trends of variability and extremes at local scales and perceptions regarding long-term changes in climate variables is important in planning appropriate adaptation measures to climate change. This paper examines the perception of farmers in Apac district regarding long-term changes in climate variables and analyzes the trend of occurrence in seasonal and annual rainfall in Apac district, northern Uganda. A cross-sectional survey design was employed to collect data on farmers' perceptions regarding long-term changes in climate from 260 randomly selected smallholder farmers’ households across two sub-counties in Apac district by administering semi-structured questionnaires in February 2018. Monthly rainfall data sets from the Uganda Meteorological Authority (UMA) for the period 1980 to 2019 for Apac district were also used to analyze trends of occurrences in seasonal and annual rainfall in the study area. The non-parametric Sequential Mann–Kendall (SMK) tests were employed at a 5% significance level to detect mean seasonal rainfall trends and abrupt change points.

Results
The majority of the respondents (87%) perceived a decrease in precipitation over the past 39 years. The plot of forward regression u(ti) values and backward regression u’(ti) values showed interactions indicating rainfall trends, rainfall lower and upper limits and abrupt change points in the different cropping seasons. Analysis of historical series of mean monthly and annual rainfall showed an abrupt change in rainfall in March, April, May (MAM) season in 1982. Although the September, October and November (SON) season did not show a significant abrupt change, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in rainfall above the upper limit from 1994 to date.

Conclusion
The mean seasonal rainfall for MAM and SON cropping seasons in Apac district were highly variable from different time points within the past 39 years (1980–2019), while June, July, and August (JJA) did not realize a significant change in rainfall within the same study period that the two cropping seasons (MAM and SON) in the district experienced remarkable variations in rainfall. This, therefore, provides a basis for the government to strengthen the provision of an effective climate tailored agricultural advisory service to aid farmers’ adaptation planning at the local level and to assist smallholder farmers and land-use managers in developing effective adaptation management strategies to the effects of climate change.
Follicular Hyperstimulation Dysgenesis: New Explanation for Adverse Effects of Excessive FSH in Ovarian Stimulation
Authors: Clark Zaramasina L , Ruebel Meghan L , Schall Peter Z , Karl Kaitlin R , Ireland James J , Latham Keith E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
High follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) doses during ovarian stimulation protocols for assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are detrimental to ovulatory follicle function and oocyte quality. However, the mechanisms are unclear. In a small ovarian reserve heifer model, excessive FSH doses lead to phenotypic heterogeneity of ovulatory size follicles, with most follicles displaying signs of premature luteinization and a range in severity of abnormalities. By performing whole transcriptome analyses of granulosa cells, cumulus cells, and oocytes from individual follicles of animals given standard or excessive FSH doses, we identified progressive changes in the transcriptomes of the 3 cell types, with increasing severity of follicular abnormality with the excessive doses. The granulosa and cumulus cells each diverged progressively from their normal phenotypes and became highly similar to each other in the more severely affected follicles. Pathway analysis indicates a possible dysregulation of the final stages of folliculogenesis, with processes characteristic of ovulation and luteinization occurring concurrently rather than sequentially in the most severely affected follicles. These changes were associated with disruptions in key pathways in granulosa and cumulus cells, which may account for previously reported reduced estradiol production, enhanced progesterone and oxytocin production and diminished ovulation rates. Predicted deficiencies in oocyte survival, stress response, and fertilization suggest likely reductions in oocyte health, which could further compromise oocyte quality and ART outcomes.
How to Read the Rock Face? Getting Old in the Archive of Postcolonial Mexico
Authors: O'Hara Matt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCould the horrors of Spanish colonialism be resolved when Mexico became a postcolonial republic? What did liberty mean for Indigenous peoples in the aftermath of independence from Spain? In the 1830s, Manuel Espinosa de los Monteros tried to answer these questions by reading ancient symbols high on the rock face of Tianguistepetl. Espinosa's reading of the rock face led to the most aggressive prediction of Indigenous political liberation in early Mexico. He produced a work of history and prophecy that probed the limits of the new nation to address the legacies of colonialism. Immersed in the wreckage of the past, an old man surveyed the ruins and imagined a future that looked nothing like the world outside his doors. This article analyzes Espinosa's prophecy and explores the methodological challenges of studying historical subjects who are at odds with their earlier selves.
Toward a Holistic Demographic Profile of Sexual and Gender Minority Well-being
Authors: Stacey Lawrence , Reczek Rin , Spiker R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations experience disadvantages in physical health, mental health, and socioeconomic status relative to cisgender heterosexual populations. However, extant population research has tended to use objective measures and ignore subjective measures, examined well-being outcomes in isolation, and lacked information on less well studied but possibly more disadvantaged SGM subgroups. In this study, we use Gallup's National Health and Well-Being Index, which permits identification of gay/lesbian, bisexual, queer, same-gender-loving, those who identify as more than one sexual identity, transgender men, transgender women, and nonbinary/genderqueer populations. We estimate bivariate associations and ordinary least-squares regression models to examine differences along five dimensions of well-being: life purpose, residential community belonging, physical and mental health, financial well-being, and social connectedness. The results reveal that most SGM groups experience stark disadvantages relative to heterosexuals and cisgender men, which are most pronounced among bisexual, queer, and nonbinary/genderqueer populations. Intergroup and intragroup variations illuminate even greater disparities in well-being than prior research has uncovered, bringing us closer to a holistic profile of SGM well-being at the population level.
Understanding the development of oral epithelial organs through single cell transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Ye Qianlin , Bhojwani Arshia , Hu Jimmy K. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
During craniofacial development, the oral epithelium begins as a morphologically homogeneous tissue that gives rise to locally complex structures, including the teeth, salivary glands and taste buds. How the epithelium is initially patterned and specified to generate diverse cell types remains largely unknown. To elucidate the genetic programs that direct the formation of distinct oral epithelial populations, we mapped the transcriptional landscape of embryonic day 12 mouse mandibular epithelia at single cell resolution. Our analysis identified key transcription factors and gene regulatory networks that define different epithelial cell types. By examining the spatiotemporal patterning process along the oral-aboral axis, our results propose a model in which the dental field is progressively confined to its position by the formation of the aboral epithelium anteriorly and the non-dental oral epithelium posteriorly. Using our data, we also identified Ntrk2 as a proliferation driver in the forming incisor, contributing to its invagination. Together, our results provide a detailed transcriptional atlas of the embryonic mandibular epithelium, and unveil new genetic markers and regulators that are present during the specification of various oral epithelial structures.
SmcHD1 underlies the formation of H3K9me3 blocks on the inactive X chromosome in mice
Authors: Ichihara Saya , Nagao Koji , Sakaguchi Takehisa , Obuse Chikashi , Sado Takashi 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Stable silencing of the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in female mammals is crucial for the development of embryos and their postnatal health. SmcHD1 is essential for stable silencing of the Xi, and its functional deficiency results in derepression of many X-inactivated genes. Although SmcHD1 has been suggested to play an important role in the formation of higher-order chromatin structure of the Xi, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here, we explore the epigenetic state of the Xi in SmcHD1-deficient epiblast stem cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts in comparison with their wild-type counterparts. The results suggest that SmcHD1 underlies the formation of H3K9me3-enriched blocks on the Xi, which, although the importance of H3K9me3 has been largely overlooked in mice, play a crucial role in the establishment of the stably silenced state. We propose that the H3K9me3 blocks formed on the Xi facilitate robust heterochromatin formation in combination with H3K27me3, and that the substantial loss of H3K9me3 caused by SmcHD1 deficiency leads to aberrant distribution of H3K27me3 on the Xi and derepression of X-inactivated genes.
Growth conditions inducing G1 cell cycle arrest enhance lipid production in the oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi
Authors: Morimoto Yasutaka , Saitoh Shigeaki , Takayama Yuko 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Lipid droplets are cytoplasmic organelles that store lipids for energy and membrane synthesis. The oleaginous yeast Lipomyces starkeyi is one of the most promising lipid producers and has attracted attention as a biofuel source. It is known that the expansion of lipid droplets is enhanced under nutrient-poor conditions. Therefore, we prepared a novel nitrogen-depleted medium (N medium) in which to culture L. starkeyi cells. Lipid accumulation was rapidly induced, and this was reversed by the addition of ammonium. In this condition, cell proliferation stopped, and cells with giant lipid droplets were arrested in G1 phase. We investigated whether cell cycle arrest at a specific phase is required for lipid accumulation. Lipid accumulation was repressed in hydroxyurea-synchronized S phase cells and was increased in nocodazole-arrested G2/M phase cells. Moreover, the enrichment of G1 phase cells seen upon rapamycin treatment induced massive lipid accumulation. From these results, we conclude that L. starkeyi cells store lipids from G2/M phase and then arrest cell proliferation in the subsequent G1 phase, where lipid accumulation is enhanced. Cell cycle control is an attractive approach for biofuel production.
Kategorie analityczne konfliktu politycznego w interdyscyplinarnej perspektywie
Authors: Sobkowiak Leszek 
Published: July 2022

ANALYTICAL CATEGORIES OF POLITICAL CONFLICT IN AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE
The article takes up selected issues present in research on social conflicts: 1. The impact of theoretical and methodological pluralism of social sciences on the evolution and current state of the theory of social conflict; 2. The importance of the interdisciplinary approach in explaining research problems and constructing the theory of conflict; 3. Sociological, psychological and political aspects of conflict research, including social inequalities, the influence of cognitive and emotional processes on the perception of reality and conflict activities, the origin and regulation of political conflicts related to the processes of exercising power and the diversification of the political structure of society; 4. The complexity of the basic categories of the political conflict analysis scheme: causes, phases, strategies, and methods of operation of entities, types, and effects.
Reliability and validity of the Hungarian version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5)
Authors: S. Nagy Zita , Salgó Ella , Bajzát Bettina , Hajduska-Dér Bálint , Unoka Zsolt Szabolcs 
Published: July 2022

Objectives and methods
In order to assess the internal consistency, fit indexes, test-retest reliability, and validity of the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 (PID-5) and its associations with age, gender, and education, 471 non-clinical (69,6% female; mean age: 37,63) and 314 clinical participants (69,7% female, mean age: 37,41) were administered the Hungarian translation of the PID-5, as well as the SCL-90-R and the SCID-II Personality Questionnaire.

Results
We found that; (a) temporal consistency of the Hungarian PID-5 was confirmed by one-month test-retest reliability analysis, (b) validity of the PID-5 instrument is acceptable in the clinical and the non-clinical sample as well, based on significant correlations with SCID-II and SCL-90-R, (c) PID-5 facets’ and domains’ associations with gender, age, and level of education are in accordance with previous findings.

Conclusion
These findings support that the Hungarian PID-5 is a reliable and valid instrument for both clinical and non-clinical populations.
Risk factors for graft loss and death among kidney transplant recipients: A competing risk analysis
Authors: Pinto-Ramirez Jessica , Garcia-Lopez Andrea , Salcedo-Herrera Sergio , Patino-Jaramillo Nasly , Garcia-Lopez Juan , Barbosa-Salinas Jefferson , Riveros-Enriquez Sergio , Hernandez-Herrera Gilma , Giron-Luque Fernando 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionKidney transplantation is the best therapeutical option for CKD patients. Graft loss risk factors are usually estimated with the cox method. Competing risk analysis could be useful to determine the impact of different events affecting graft survival, the occurrence of an outcome of interest can be precluded by another. We aimed to determine the risk factors for graft loss in the presence of mortality as a competing event.MethodsA retrospective cohort of 1454 kidney transplant recipients who were transplanted between July 1, 2008, to May 31, 2019, in Colombiana de Trasplantes, were analyzed to determine risk factors of graft loss and mortality at 5 years post-transplantation. Kidney and patient survival probabilities were estimated by the competing risk analysis. The Fine and Gray method was used to fit a multivariable model for each outcome. Three variable selection methods were compared, and the bootstrapping technique was used for internal validation as split method for resample. The performance of the final model was assessed calculating the prediction error, brier score, c-index and calibration plot.ResultsGraft loss occurred in 169 patients (11.6%) and death in 137 (9.4%). Cumulative incidence for graft loss and death was 15.8% and 13.8% respectively. In a multivariable analysis, we found that BKV nephropathy, serum creatinine and increased number of renal biopsies were significant risk factors for graft loss. On the other hand, recipient age, acute cellular rejection, CMV disease were risk factors for death, and recipients with living donor had better survival compared to deceased-donor transplant and coronary stent. The c-index were 0.6 and 0.72 for graft loss and death model respectively.ConclusionWe developed two prediction models for graft loss and death 5 years post-transplantation by a unique transplant program in Colombia. Using a competing risk multivariable analysis, we were able to identify 3 significant risk factors for graft loss and 5 significant risk factors for death. This contributes to have a better understanding of risk factors for graft loss in a Latin-American population. The predictive performance of the models was mild.
Association between urinary biomarkers MMP-7/TIMP-2 and reduced renal function in children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction
Authors: Wang Hsin-Hsiao S. , Cho Patricia S. , Zhi Hui , Kostel Stephen A. , DiMartino Shannon , Dagher Adelle M. , Davis Kylie H. , Cabour Lily D. , Shimmel Ashley , Lee James , Froehlich John W. , Zurakowski David , Moses Marsha A. , Lee Richard S. 
Published: July 2022

Importance
Extracellular matrix proteins and enzymes involved in degradation have been found to be associated with tissue fibrosis and ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). In this study we developed a promising urinary biomarker model which can identify reduced renal function in UPJ obstruction patients. This can potentially serve as a non-invasive way to enhance surgical decision making for patients and urologists.

Objective
We sought to develop a predictive model to identify UPJO patients at risk for reduced renal function.

Design
Prospective cohort study

Setting
Pre-operative urine samples were collected in a prospectively enrolled UPJO biomarker registry at our institution. Urinary MMP-2, MMP-7, TIMP-2, and NGAL were measured as well as clinical characteristics including hydronephrosis grade, differential renal function, t1/2, and UPJO etiology.

Participants
Children who underwent pyeloplasty for UPJO

Main outcome measurement
Primary outcome was reduced renal function defined as MAG3 function <40%. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify the independent predictive biomarkers in the original Training cohort. Model validation and generalizability were evaluated in a new UPJO Testing cohort.

Results
We included 71 patients with UPJO in the original training cohort and 39 in the validation cohort. Median age was 3.3 years (70% male). By univariate analysis, reduced renal function was associated with higher MMP-2 (p = 0.064), MMP-7 (p = 0.047), NGAL (p = 0.001), and lower TIMP-2 (p = 0.033). Combining MMP-7 with TIMP-2, the multivariable logistic regression model predicted reduced renal function with good performance (AUC = 0.830; 95% CI: 0.722–0.938). The independent testing dataset validated the results with good predictive performance (AUC = 0.738).

Conclusions and relevance
Combination of urinary MMP-7 and TIMP-2 can identify reduced renal function in UPJO patients. With the high sensitivity cutoffs, patients can be categorized into high risk (aggressive management) versus lower risk (observation).
The future health and economic burden of obesity-attributable type 2 diabetes and liver disease among the working-age population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Coker Timothy , Saxton Jennifer , Retat Lise , Alswat Khalid , Alghnam Suliman , Al-Raddadi Rajaa Mohammad , Abdul Razack Habeeb Ibrahim , Webber Laura , Alqahtani Saleh A. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundObesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are increasing in Saudi Arabia (SA). Among other conditions, these risk factors increase the likelihood of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which in turn increases risks for advanced liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and cancer. The goal of this study was to quantify the health and economic burden of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease in SA.MethodsWe developed a microsimulation of the SA population to quantify the future incidence and direct health care costs of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease, including liver cancer. Model inputs included population demographics, body mass index, incidence, mortality and direct health care costs of T2DM and liver disease and relative risks of each condition as a function of BMI category. Model outputs included age- and sex-disaggregated incidence of obesity-attributable T2DM and liver disease and their direct health care costs for SA’s working-age population (20–59 years) between 2020 and 2040.ResultsBetween 2020 and 2040, the available data predicts 1,976,593 [± 1834] new cases of T2DM, 285,346 [±874] new cases of chronic liver diseases, and 2,101 [± 150] new cases of liver cancer attributable to obesity, amongst working-age people. By 2040, the direct health care costs of these obesity-attributable diseases are predicted to be 127,956,508,540 [± 51,882,446] USD.ConclusionsThe increase in obesity-associated T2DM and liver disease emphasises the urgent need for obesity interventions and strategies to meaningfully reduce the future health and economic burden of T2DM, chronic liver diseases and liver cancer in SA.
Smaller CO2 injection volume and lower gastric pressure induce bothersome symptoms in drug-resistant functional dyspepsia patients with less frequent belching
Authors: Momma Eri , Kanai Saori , Hoshikawa Yoshimasa , Koeda Mai , Tanabe Tomohide , Hoshino Shintaro , Kawami Noriyuki , Kaise Mitsuru , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: July 2022

Background
The relationship between bothersome symptoms and gastric pressure or CO2 injection volumes in drug-resistant functional dyspepsia (FD) patients remains unknown; therefore, this relationship was examined in drug-resistant FD and non-FD patients.

Methods
Thirty drug-resistant FD patients and 30 non-FD patients were recruited. Gastric pressure was assessed using an external pressure transducer, and the CO2 injection volume was measured using an endoscopic CO2-supplied device and flow meter. The following variables were examined: gastric pressure at baseline and gastric pressure and the CO2 injection volume when patients initially felt abdominal tension and bothersome symptoms following the CO2 injection. The relationship between belching and bothersome symptoms was also investigated.

Results
No significant differences were observed in basal gastric pressure between the groups. Initial and bothersome symptoms in the upper abdomen in drug-resistant FD patients developed at a significantly lower gastric pressure and significantly smaller CO2 injection volume than in non-FD patients. The frequency of belching was significantly lower in the drug-resistant FD group than in the non-FD group.

Conclusion
Bothersome symptoms in drug-resistant FD patients develop at a lower gastric pressure and smaller CO2 injection volume than in non-FD patients. These patients also had difficulties with belching.
Dressed for Freedom: The Fashionable Politics of American Feminism, Einav Rabinovitch-Fox (2021)
Authors: Sperling Joy 
Published: July 2022

Review of: Dressed for Freedom: The Fashionable Politics of American Feminism, Einav Rabinovitch-Fox (2021)
Urbana, IL, Chicago, IL and Springfield, IL: University of Illinois Press, 248 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-25204-401-4, h/bk, $110.00
ISBN 978-0-25208-606-9, p/bk, $24.95
ISBN 978-0-25205-294-1, e-book, $14.95