bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning to Optimise a Swarm of UAVs
Authors: Duflo Gabriel , Danoy Grégoire , Talbi El-Ghazali , Bouvry Pascal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The usage of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has shown a drastic increase of interest in the past few years. UAVs find applications where human action would be ineffective, slow, risky or even impossible. With a three-dimensional mobility and payload flexibility, they can indeed be used for missions like infrastructure inspection or search and rescue. Most applications have considered the usage of a single UAV so far, but using several autonomous UAVs as a swarm would overcome some drawbacks like mission duration (if one UAV of the swarm is out of battery, the latter can pause the mission while others keep flying) or payload capacity (the payload can be distributed among all UAVs). Designing an efficient swarm of UAVs however comes with some challenges, including the difficulty to define the necessary distributed algorithms to tackle specific tasks. The desired global behaviour, e.g. monitoring an area or transporting material, is indeed emergent from local interactions. Manually designing these local interactions can therefore be tedious and time-consuming.
This work thus aims at automating that process in the context of area coverage. The first step has been to define a multi-objective optimisation problem to represent an area coverage mission. The second step has been to define an algorithm to generate distributed heuristic for the latter optimisation problem. The proposed method is based on Q-learning and experimental results demonstrate that it permits to generate heuristics that not only outperform the state-of-the-art, but also provide a high stability.
2021 Asia Pacific Graves’ Disease Consortium Survey of Clinical Practice Patterns in the Management of Graves’ Disease
Authors: Parameswaran Rajeev , de Jong Mechteld C , Kit James Lee Wai , Sek Kathleen Sy , Nam Tran Quang , Thang Tran Viet , Khue Nguyen Thy , Aye Than Than , Tun Phone Myint , Cole Timothy , Miller Julie A , Villa Michael Lim , Khiewvan Benjapa , Sirinvaravong Sirinart , Sin Yong Li , Muhammad Rohaizak , Jap Tjin Shing , Agrawal Amit , Rajput Rajesh , Fernando Ranil , Sumanatilleke Manilka , Suastika Ketut , Shong Young Kee , Lang Brian , Bartalena Luigi , Yang Samantha Peiling 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aim
Although Graves’ disease (GD) is common in endocrine practices worldwide, global differences in diagnosis and management remain. We sought to assess the current practices for GD in countries across Asia and the Pacific (APAC), and to compare these with previously published surveys from North-America and Europe.
Methods
A web-based survey on GD management was conducted on a pool of practicing physicians. Responses from 542 eligible physicians were received and subsequently analysed and compared to outcomes from other, similar surveys.
Results
During initial work-up, majority of respondents would request thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; 73%) and free thyroxine assays (75%), as well as TSH-receptor autoantibodies (68%). Thyroid ultrasound would be requested by about half of respondents (53%), while the use of nuclear medicine scans was very limited. The preferred first-line treatment was antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy (79%) with methimazole (MMI) or carbimazole (CBZ), followed by radioiodine (RAI; 19%) and surgery (2%). In case of surgery, one-third of respondents would opt for a subtotal rather than a total thyroidectomy. In case of mild Graves orbitopathy (GO), ATDs (67%) remained the preferred treatment, but a larger proportion would prefer surgery (20%). For a patient with a pregnancy (wish), the overall preferred treatment pattern remained unchanged, although propylthiouracil (PTU) became the preferred ATD-agent during the first trimester. While on most issues choices of the physicians from APAC fell between European and American practices, marked differences were noted in the relatively infrequent usage of nuclear medicine scans and the overall higher concomitant use of a ATDs and β-blockers and adjunctive ATD-treatment during RAI.
Conclusion
Although regional differences regarding the diagnosis and management of GD are apparent in this first pan-Asia-Pacific survey, the overall approach to the management of this disease in APAC to generally fall between the trends appreciated in the American and European cohorts.
Spondylolisthesis and Mismatch Deformity Affect Outcomes after Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sheppard William L. , Chiou Daniel , Upfill-Brown Alexander , Shah Akash , Edogun Eghosa , Sassoon Adam A. , Park Don Y. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Little published data currently exist regarding the potential relationships between spondylolisthesis, mismatch deformity and clinical outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesize that pre-existing spondylolisthesis will result in decreased functional outcomes after TKA.
Methods
This retrospective cohort comparison of 933 TKAs was performed between January 2017–2020. TKAs were excluded if they were not performed for primary osteoarthritis (OA) or if preoperative lumbar radiographs were unavailable/inadequate to measure the degree of spondylolisthesis. 95 TKAs were subsequently available for inclusion and divided into two groups: those with spondylolisthesis and those without. Within the spondylolisthesis cohort, pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were calculated on lateral radiographs to determine the difference (PI-LL). Radiographs with PI-LL > 10° were then categorized as having mismatch deformity (MD). The following clinical outcomes were compared between the groups: need for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), total postoperative arc of motion (AOM) both pre-MUA or post-MUA/revision, incidence of flexion contracture, and a need for later revision.
Results
49 TKAs met the spondylolisthesis criteria, while 44 did not have spondylolisthesis. There were no significant differences in gender, body-mass-index (BMI), preoperative knee range of motion (ROM), preoperative AOM, or opiate use between the groups. TKAs with spondylolisthesis and concomitant MD were more likely to have MUA (p = 0.016), ROM < 0-120 (p < 0.014), and a decreased AOM (p < 0.02) without interventions.
Conclusion
Pre-existing spondylolisthesis by itself may not have adverse effect clinical results following TKA. However, spondylolisthesis increases the likelihood of developing MD. In those with both spondylolisthesis and concomitant mismatch deformities, patients had statistically and clinically significantly decreased in post-operative ROM/AOM and increased need for MUA. Surgeons should consider clinical/radiographic assessments of patients with chronic back pain who present for total joint arthroplasty.
Child maltreatment exposures and adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: The mediating roles of difficulty in emotion regulation and depressive symptoms
Authors: Hu Changchun , Huang Jialing , Shang Yushan , Huang Tingting , Jiang Wenhao , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Although child maltreatment (CM) experiences are recognized risk factors for Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine if difficulty in emotion regulation (DER) and depressive symptoms mediate between child maltreatment experiences and NSSI severity, adjusting for demographic variables.Method: Participants were 224 adolescent inpatients recruited from a hospital in China (mean age 15.30 years, SD=1.83; 78.6% females). Study measures included Clinician-Rated Severity of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury (CRSNSSI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The hypothesized chain mediation model was tested using the structural equation model.Results: 146 (65.18%) adolescents reported engaging in NSSI during the past 12 months and 103 (45.98%) participants met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for NSSI. emotional neglect (48.1%) and emotional abuse (46.1%) had the highest prevalence, followed by physical neglect (43.1%) and physical abuse (24.1%) and sexual abuse (12.5%) was the least prevalent form of CM. The DER or depressive symptoms significant-ly mediated the association between CM and NSSI, DER was the strongest mediator with an indirect effect of 49.40% (p=0.014). At the same time, we also proved a potential chain-mediated pathway of DER and depression between CM and NSSI.Conclusion: Child Maltreatment and NSSI are indeed, common among Chinese psychiatric patients. DER may be an important proximal mechanism linking CM and adolescent NSSI, but not depressive symp-toms, findings from the study have implications for preventing and treating NSSI in youth with CM history.
Where are the vulnerable children? Identification and comparison of clusters of young children with health and developmental vulnerabilities across Queensland
Authors: Areed Wala Draidi , Price Aiden , Arnett Kathryn , Mengersen Kerrie , Thompson Helen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Developmental vulnerabilities within children in Queensland have a variety of domains; these domains measure the development of children in their first five years. It is crucial to understand how these domains are grouped, or clustered, with respect to population risk factor profiles. These groups inform policy implementation, which can help to provide assistance to the most vulnerable children across Queensland. Methods: K-means analysis was conducted on data from the Australian Early Development Census and the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The clusters were then compared with respect to their geographic locations and risk factor profiles. The results are presented in this paper and are publicly available via an interactive dashboard application in R Shiny. Results: This study presents a comprehensive clustering analysis for child development vulnerability domains in Queensland. In addition, all of the clustering analyses reveal a strong relationship between developmental vulnerability and socio-economic and remoteness factors. In addition, we found that children who attend preschool and whose primary language is English are, in most cases, in the lowest developmental vulnerability cluster. Conclusion: In this study, the performance of the K-means clustering algorithm has been developed to study the clusters inside child development vulnerabilities when analysing the data at the small area level. Further, R shiny application was created, and the feature of the risk factors in each region was studied.
Edible composition of different finfishes imported by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from certain Asian and Arab countries
Authors: Jannathulla R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Edible composition of different finfishes viz., Grouper, Rabbitfish, Parrotfish, Catfish, Emperor, Tilapia, Milkfish, Sea bream and Sea bass imported by Saudi Arabia from certain Asian and Arab countries was evaluated in the present study. The statistical analysis of one-way ANOVA revealed that the moisture content varied (p < 0.05) from 65.03–87.27%. Catfish had the highest value of moisture (87.24%) and the least value was noticed in Sea bream (65.03%). Tilapia, Emperor and Milkfish had the highest (p < 0.05) crude protein (21.39–21.77%) followed by Sea bass, Grouper and Parrotfish (19.34-21.012%). The level of crude lipid was drastically high (p < 0.05) in Sea bream (17.08%) compared to all other species (0.31–6.63%). The total ash content was relatively similar in all the fishes and was > 1.2%, except Sea bream (0.96%). There was no significant difference in total carbohydrates among the fishes analyzed. Sea bream showed the highest gross energy (2563.11 Cal/g), while the least value was found in Catfish (692.02 Cal/g). The daily values of protein for all the fishes were grouped under the category of very good (22.28–47.11%) and it was poor for lipid in all the fishes (0.40–8.51%), except Seabream (21.91%). Results conclude that all the analyzed fishes have own nutritional characteristics and all are found to be good sources of nutrients.
The Association between Disability and Psychological Distress in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Patients with Extraterritorial Symptoms
Authors: Habbal Aya Al , Alsharif Aya , Hawat Lama Al , Daaboul Yaman , Kakaje Ameer 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Aims: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a median nerve neuropathy that classically causes symptoms along the median nerve distribution. However, extraterritorial symptoms are common and associated with more severe pain. Therefore, assessing the disability caused and its association with psychological distress is crucial. This paper aims to discover the degree of psychological distress, disability, and upper extremity symptoms that CTS patients with extraterritorial symptoms experience and the correlation between disability, psychological distress, and nerve conduction studies (NCS). Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in a neurophysiology outpatient clinic. Participants were patients diagnosed with CTS with extraterritorial symptoms. Data were collected during interviews using Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder & Hand (QuickDASH), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Dimensions of Anger Reactions scale-5 (DAR-5), and NCS.Results: This study included 171 patients. CTS patients with extraterritorial symptoms demonstrated 44.4% disability with 50.9% severe to extreme pain, borderline abnormal anxiety and depression, and problematic anger. There was a significant positive correlation between disability level and anxiety, depression, and anger (p<0.05). However, no significant correlation between disability and NCS was found (p>0.05). The work-related disability had a significant correlation with anxiety and depression but no correlation with anger. Interpretation: This study opens the door for future studies to test the contribution of psychological factors to the spread of extraterritorial symptoms as a part of other mechanisms discussed by previous studies.
Evaluation of a continuous glucose monitor-derived homeostasis metric for type 2 diabetes screening
Authors: Kaufman Jaycee , Veen Lenneart van , Fossat Yan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Effective intervention for Type 2 Diabetes relies heavily on early detection. However, a majority of people with early-onset diabetes are not aware of their condition and are likely to consult with a physician only when their homeostatic control of blood sugar levels is irreparably damaged. Thus, there is a growing demand for screening tools that can easily be integrated into routine check-ups and do not require changes in daily routine and diet, doctor consults or laboratory analysis of blood samples. The screening tool we propose here is based on data gathered from Continuous Glucose Monitors and on a model of the blood glucose level as a function of glucose intake and the dynamics of the feedback control. We calibrate the method using data from a clinical trial with subjects diagnosed by a physician (n=123) and validate it on a larger follow-up study (n=270). Here we show that the sensitivity of the proposed test is on par with that of the HbA1c criterion and exceeds that of the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.
Sugar and Proline Accumulation in Grapefruit Flavedo and Leaves during Cold Hardening of Young Trees1
Authors: Purvis A. C. , Yelenosky G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Four-year-old ‘Marsh’ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) trees on trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] rootstock were temperature acclimated to 5°C in controlled environment facilities with approximately 400 μeinsteins m−2s−1 PAR. Total soluble carbohydrates and proline increased in both leaves and fruit flavedo as temperatures were progressively decreased. Maximum accumulation of carbohydrates occurred in leaves and flavedo at 10° ambient air. Both sucrose and reducing sugars increased in leaves at all acclimating temperatures, but only reducing sugars increased in the flavedo at temperatures below 15°. The concentration of proline was the greatest in the leaves and flavedo at 5°. Both total soluble carbohydrates and proline decreased during temperature deacclimation at 25°.
The Influence of Irrigation and Row Spacing on the Quality of Processed Snap Beans1
Authors: Drake S. R. , Silbernagel M. J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Irrigation method and row spacing had a significant influence on the quality of fresh, canned, and frozen snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Sprinkle irrigated fresh and canned snap beans contained more ascorbic acid than rill irrigated snap beans. Rill irrigated snap beans had more intense color, lower shear values, less turbid brine, and less drained weight loss. Canned snap beans grown in narrow rows had less drained weight loss than snap beans from wide rows. Frozen snap beans from narrow rows had more drip loss, less moisture, increased soluble solids, and increased ascorbic acid content than those from wide rows. Under the conditions of this study, rill irrigated snap beans and snap beans grown in narrow rows did have quality advantages over sprinkle irrigated snap beans and snap beans grown in wide rows.
Response of Bush Snap Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Irrigation and Plant Density1
Authors: Mack H. J. , Varseveld G. W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Yields of snap bean pods were increased by irrigation and plant density in 4 field experiments. Highest yields were obtained with the −0.6 bar soil water potential regime which represented removal of 40-45 percent of the available soil water at 30 cm depth. Yields were lowest with the −2.5 bars soil water potential which represented 65-70 percent water removal. An average of 60 percent more water applied to the −0.6 bar than the −2.5 bars treatment increased yields approximately 54 percent. Yields were usually intermediate with the −1.0 bar soil water potential representing 50-55 percent available soil water removal. Two cultivars were used in 2 of the experiments and responded differently to irrigation. Yield of ‘Oregon 1604’ was higher than that of ‘Galamor’ with −0.6 bar soil water potential but was lower than ‘Galamor’ with −2.5 bars. Yield of ‘Oregon 1604’ averaged 27 percent higher in square arrangement than in 91 cm rows and the increase was greater for the high than for the low population density when compared in 1 experiment. Yield was 20 percent higher for high density of 43.0 plants/m2 than for low density of 21.5 plants/m2. Yields of 2 cultivars in 2 experiments averaged 67 percent higher in high density (40-57 plants/m2) than in low density (20-33 plants/m2) plantings. There were no consistent irrigation × density interactions. Usually there was a more rapid depletion of soil water for high density than for low density. Fiber in canned sieve size 5 pods was higher in ‘Oregon 1604’ at −2.5 bars soil water potential than for ‘Galamor’, but at the −0.6 bar soil water potential regime, the amount of fiber was similar in the 2 cultivars. Percent of pod weight attributed to seed and percent fiber were usually highest at −2.5 soil water potential.
Growth Responses of Seed Geranium and Petunia to N Source and Growing Media1
Authors: Schrock Patricia A. Tew , Goldsberry Kenneth L. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pelargonium hortorum (Bailey) ‘Sprinter Scarlet’ and Petunia hybrida (Bailey) ‘Candy Apple’ seedlings were grown in 2 media and watered with 5 nutrient solutions containing varying ratios of NO3−:NH4+, each resulting in a total NO3− plus NH4+ concentration of 15 meq liter−1. There were no significant differences in height, fresh and dry weights, or number of vegetative breaks in soil-grown plants due to the N forms. Plant growth in the soilless medium was substantially reduced as the proportion of NH4+ increased above 50%.
Nitrogen Movement Comparisons in Cropped versus Fallowed Soils1
Authors: Boswell Fred C. , Anderson O. E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe movement and accumulation patterns of N, applied as KNO3 to cropped and fallowed plots, were studied on two widely different soils, Marlboro and Davidson. Generally, the movement and accumulation patterns indicated movement of N to a greater depth and extent on the cropped than on fallowed plots. Nitrogen movement in the Marlboro surface and subsoil was considerably greater than in Davidson soil. Even with excessive rainfall, most of the N recovered 11 to 12 months after application was concentrated between the 46 to 122‐cm depths with the largest accumulation occurring in the 61 to 91‐cm layer. After 10 weeks and 29 cm of rainfall, 78% of the applied N was recovered on the fallowed Davidson soil while after 50 weeks and 154 cm of rainfall 53% was recovered. Comparable recoveries for the cropped plots were 89 and 49% respectively. After 5 weeks and 12 cm rainfall, the recovery on the fallowed plots of the Marlboro soil was 109% but had decreased to 33% after 46 weeks and 124 cm of accumulated rainfall. Data for cropped plots indicated 119 and 25% recovery for the respective sampling periods. Recovery increased approximately 5 to 10% on the cropped plots when the plant N uptake values were included.
Soil Moisture Effects on Root Growth and Phosphorus Uptake by Corn1
Authors: Mackay A. D. , Barber S. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhile the effects of soil moisture and P level on corn (Zea maysL.) root growth and P uptake have been measured, the extent each of the mechanisms involved in P uptake is affected by soil moisture has not been determined. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of soil moisture on each of the parameters used in a mechanistic mathematical model to predict P uptake by corn. The effect of volumetric soil moisture, 0.22 (M0), 0.27 (M1), and 0.32(M2), the water held at potentials of −7.5, −33, and −170 kPa, respectively, and three soils (S0and S1, Raub, fine‐silty, mixed, mesic Aquic Argiudolls and S2, Chalmers, fine‐silty, mixed, mesic Typic Haplaquolls, silt loams) obtained from plots having different longtime P histories, on root growth and P uptake by corn was investigated in a series of pot experiments in a controlled climate chamber. As soil moisture was raised from M0to M1, total plant weight increased by 13 to 43%, total P uptake by corn increased by 55 to 70%, and corn root length increased 41 to 52% with the three soils for measurements made at 28 days. Raising soil moisture content further from M1to M2, in contrast, decreased total plant weight by an average of 13%, total P uptake by an average of 15%, and root length by an average of 16% at 21 days. Root surface area and mean P influx, which both increased as soil P increased, were correlated with P uptake. These correlations suggest that increasing soil P increases P uptake, both by increasing P influx and root growth. Raising soil moisture from M0to M1increased P uptake by increasing root growth. Soil moisture did not significantly (P<0.05) affect P influx. Using data for three moisture levels on three soils, predicted P uptake (y) in µmol pot−1calculated with the simulation model for corn grown for 7, 14, and 21 days agreed with observed P uptake (x) (y= 0.78x+ 10.93; r= 0.975**, significant at the 0.01 level).