bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term multicentre analysis of robot‐assisted radical cystectomy for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Tillu Neeraja , Ben‐David Reuben , Skokic Viktor , Rich Jordan M. , Kolanukuduru Kaushik P. , Dey Linda , Rautiola Juhana , Björklund Johan , Almoflihi Mohammed , Eraky Ahmed , Miranda Gus , Cacciamani Giovanni , Desai Mihir , Mehrazin Reza , Sfakianos John P. , Wiklund Peter 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate the 12‐year survival outcomes of patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who underwent robot‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD), focusing on those upstaged to ≥pT2 or with node‐positive disease.Materials and MethodsA multicentre, prospectively maintained database (2004–2022) was reviewed to identify patients who had undergone RARC. Univariable and multivariable models were used to assess upstaging (≥pT2, ≥pN1), and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to predict cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsAmong 355 patients with NMIBC (295 men, 60 women), 12.68% had pT2, 8.2% had pT3, 4.2% had pT4, 5.4% had pN1, and 2.8% had pN2 disease. Age ≥ 83 years (odds ratio [OR] 19.7), presence of carcinoma in situ (CIS), in combination with Ta/ T1 bladder cancer (OR 2.7), squamous cell carcinoma (OR 6.6), and variant histology (OR 6.2), predicted upstaging. A body mass index ≥28 kg/m2 (OR 0.4) and Tis alone (OR 0.1) reduced upstaging. The OS rate for the entire cohort was 93% at 1 year, 87% at 5 years and 49% at 12 years. The CSS rate was 97% at 1 year, 83% at 5 years and 76% at 12 years. At 12 years, OS was better in the non‐upstaged cohort (52%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 37%–74%) vs the upstaged cohort (39%, 95% CI 26%–57%). CSS was higher in the non‐upstaged cohort (79%, 95% CI 71%–88%; P < 0.001) vs the upstaged cohort (68%, 95% CI 56%–82%; P < 0.001).ConclusionThis study provides the longest follow‐up data on RARC in NMIBC. The presence of CIS, variant histology, and pT1 on transurethral resection of the bladder tumour were predictors of upstaging, which correlated with higher recurrence and worse survival. RARC with ICUD is a minimally invasive option for NMIBC patients who need to undergo early cystectomy, offering comparable long‐term outcomes.
Perioperative clinical and radiological predictors of late post‐traumatic seizures in surgically treated patients with depressed skull fractures: A prospective observational study
Authors: Lekuya Hervé Monka , Vandersteene Jelle , Kateete David Patrick , Makumbi Fredrick , Cose Stephen , Kalala Jean‐Pierre Okito , Galukande Moses , Baert Edward 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify perioperative clinical and radiological factors that predict the risk of developing late posttraumatic seizures (PTS) within 24 months of injury among surgically managed traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with depressed skull fracture (DSF).MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted at Mulago Hospital, Uganda, involving mild‐to‐moderate TBI patients with DSF, followed up perioperatively and at outpatient clinics, and additionally via phone interviews for up to 24 months. The study monitored the incidence and recurrence of late PTS.ResultsThe cohort included 171 patients with DSF, with a median age of 24 years (interquartile range = 15–31), 89.5% of whom were male, and 49.73% were assault victims. Approximately 73.1% had mild TBI, and 25% had a history of immediate or early PTS. The frontal bone was most commonly involved (46.2%). Over 24 months, nine patients (5.3%) experienced their first late PTS within 6 months, and a total of 20 reported late PTS by the end of follow‐up (277.17 person‐years, with 37 lost to follow‐up). Incidence rate of late PTS was higher among those with a history of immediate and early PTS (.1319 vs. .0527, p = .0449). Multivariate analysis identified the absence of basal cisterns, midline shift (MLS) ≥ 5 mm, and dural tear as significant predictors of late PTS, with increased risks of sevenfold, fourfold, and >2.5‐fold, respectively. Furthermore, abnormal basal cisterns were associated with a higher risk of late PTS recurrence.SignificanceA history of immediate or early PTS and abnormal radiological findings such as absent basal cisterns, MLS ≥ 5 mm, and dural tear are strong predictors of late PTS in DSF patients. The risk of developing late PTS gradually increases over time. We recommend aggressive management of increased intracranial pressure during the acute phase of TBI and systematic antiseizure prophylaxis to potentially mitigate the risk of late PTS. We also emphasize the importance of implementing long‐term management and surveillance strategies for high‐risk patients.
Characterising equine abdominal lipomata: Can histological features improve the understanding of pathogenesis and risk?
Authors: Gillen Alexandra , Archer Debra , Ireland Joanne , Rocchigiani Guido 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundStrangulating lipomata are the most common cause of small intestinal strangulating obstruction. Evaluation of histological features of pathological and non‐pathological lipomata, and the histological properties of omental and retroperitoneal fat have not been described.ObjectivesTo characterise histological features of equine abdominal lipomata, omental and retroperitoneal adipose tissue, and associations between them.Study designProspective observational anatomic (gross and histological).MethodsHorses undergoing emergency laparotomy for management of abdominal pain in a single hospital were recruited. Signalment was recorded. Gross features of lipomata that were a cause of strangulating obstruction (pathological lipomata [PAL]), and lipomata that were currently not causing an intestinal obstruction (pedunculated [PEL] or non‐pedunculated [NPL]) were recorded. Lipomata that were removed intra‐operatively, or following owner‐requested euthanasia, as well as omentum or retroperitoneal adipose tissue, where excised routinely as part of routine management (or post‐euthanasia) were fixed in 10% neutral‐buffered formalin prior to staining (haematoxylin and eosin, picrosirius red). Descriptive statistical analyses were performed. Pearson's chi‐square, Fisher's exact or Kruskal–Wallis tests, as appropriate, were used to assess associations. Significance was p < 0.05.ResultsSeventy‐four horses were enrolled; 71 lipomata, 48 retroperitoneal adipose samples, and 26 omental samples underwent evaluation. Increasing age was predictive of lipomata presence and PAL/PEL. Neither omental nor retroperitoneal adipose tissue histological features were correlated with lipomata presence or type. PAL were more likely to exhibit capsule formation (PAL: 70%, NPL: 42%, p = 0.03), and had a higher vascular density (median 10.6; IQR: 8.8–16.8; p = 0.05), compared with NPL. PEL were more likely to exhibit steatonecrosis (PEL: 92%, NPL: 33%, p = 0.01) and had increased mineralisation (PEL: 67%, NPL: 17%, p = 0.05) compared with NPL.Main limitationsSmall sample size.ConclusionsHistological features of omental and retroperitoneal fat do not predict presence of lipomata or type. However, there are histological features of PAL and PEL which may be related to pathological potential.
Root Morpho‐Physiological Characteristics and Yield Formation of Rice Under Combined Salinity‐Drought Stress
Authors: Meng Tianyao , Wang Lulu , Zhu Wang , Zhu Guanglong , Wei Huanhe , Xu Ke , Dai Qigen , Zhou Guisheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBecause of inadequate freshwater resources and poor irrigation facilities, salinity and drought often co‐occur for rice production in saline lands. The root is the primary and most vulnerable organ for detecting and perceiving salinity and drought stresses in soil. Still, little information is available on the root morpho‐physiological characteristics and grain yield of rice when subjected to the combined salinity‐drought stress. The present study was conducted under two salinity levels (NS, non‐salinity treatment; S, salinity treatment) and three drought levels imposed from jointing to heading (ND, non‐drought treatment; MD, moderate drought treatment; SD, severe drought treatment). Salinity and drought treatments shortened the duration from heading to maturity by 5–9 days and total growth duration by 3–6 days. Grain yield was reduced (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) under salinity and drought, and the reduction was more significant under their combined stress. The aggravated yield loss under the combined salinity‐drought was attributed to lower yield components relative to salinity and drought alone. The combined stress caused greater decreases in root and shoot biomass and root/shoot ratio at heading and maturity, although there was an increase in harvest index. Individual salinity and drought, and especially their combined stress, reduced root length and root volume at heading and maturity and increased reduction rates of root length and root volume after heading. Root‐bleeding rate and root oxidative activity after heading were decreased under salinity and drought, and the decreases were greater under the combined salinity‐drought stress; similar trends were detected for flag leaf photosynthetic rate and zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) contents in the root‐bleeding sap and flag leaf. Our results suggested a greater yield penalty of rice when subjected to the combined stress of salinity and drought. Individual salinity, drought, and especially their combined stresses deteriorated root morphology and physiology, which shortened growth duration, accelerated plant senescence, weakened leaf photosynthesis and biomass accumulation, and led to poor grain yield.
Quantitative analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell morphology and tubulogenesis
Authors: Mignone Viviane , Arruda Maria Augusta , Kilpatrick Laura , Moore Benjamin , Woolard Jeanette , Hill Stephen , Goulding Joëlle 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPrimary human umbilical vein endothelial cells can grow as both a monolayer in culture and also as a capillary‐like network making them an ideal model system in order to study vascular remodelling. Image‐based analysis can allow assessment of cell morphology and motility but is dependent on accurate cell segmentation which requires high‐contrast images not normally achievable without fluorescent markers. Here, ptychography is employed as a label‐free image‐based modality in order to extract quantitative metrics of morphology and tubulogenesis from cultured HUVECs over time in an automated multiwell assay. Phase‐specific parameters of dry mass, optical thickness and sphericity were extracted and assessed alongside other metrics of cell number and shape. Tubulogenesis could be captured dynamically without any imaging artefacts from use of a basement membrane matrix and metrics of tube number, growth and branching exported alongside morphology metrics at early time‐points. Utilising ptychography‐based image analysis, all VEGF165a isoforms studied, elicited a concentration‐dependent effect on cell elongation and survival within a HUVEC monolayer. Pharmacologically relevant parameters of potency (EC50) and efficacy were derived, exemplifying this label‐free approach for the multiparameter and multiwell quantitative study of vascular remodelling in physiologically relevant cells at 37°C.
Co‐Creation of Complementary Food for Operational Rations: An Exploratory and Collaborative Case Study Between Brazilian Military Personnel
Authors: de Abreu Vitor Luiz F. , Tavares Filho Elson R. , Monteiro Sabrina S. , Esmerino Erick A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn the development of operational rations, products designed to meet military demands must support adequate nutritional intake to enhance performance in missions and operations. In this sense, the present study adopted a co‐creation methodology to develop a product intended for inclusion in operational rations, guided by the perceptions of Brazilian military personnel with experience in using these rations. An online questionnaire was conducted to collect both structured and unstructured data, framed as a co‐creation task involving 360 members of the Brazilian Army. The results revealed a clear preference for a product with a high protein content (specifically, whey protein), chocolate flavor, bar format, and soft texture among different presentations, flavors, and formulations. This approach addresses existing questions about developing optimal products for military personnel and offers industrial and academic insights for tailored product development in specialized sectors.
Time‐integrated δ2H in n‐alkanes and carbohydrates from boreal needles reveal intra‐annual physiological and environmental signals
Authors: Angove Charlotte , Wiesenberg Guido L. B. , Lehmann Marco M. , Saurer Matthias , Tang Yu , Sahlstedt Elina , Speckert Tatjana C. , Schiestl‐Aalto Pauliina P. , Rinne‐Garmston Katja T. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Reliable insights from key δ2H bioindicators, n‐alkanes and carbohydrates, are hindered by our limited understanding of isotope fractionation processes related to leaf water and primary assimilates. We addressed this with the first study to investigate time‐integrated intra‐annual δ2H signals of n‐alkanes and carbohydrates in a natural forest.
We sampled 1‐yr‐old needles (1N) and current‐year needles (0N) from five Scots Pine trees in a coniferous forest in Hyytiälä, Finland, biweekly during 2019. The δ2H of their n‐alkanes (δ2Halkane), water‐soluble carbohydrates (δ2HWSC) and starch (δ2Hstarch) were evaluated for time‐integrated physiological (gas‐exchange) and environmental (hydrological) signals.
Time integration was critical for interpreting δ2HWSC and δ2Halkane. Time‐integrated net assimilation rate (T:An), the strongest signal in δ2HWSC, correlated negatively with 1N δ2HWSC (early season) and positively with 0N δ2HWSC (late season). Unexpectedly, δ2Halkane exhibited stronger environmental signals in 1N than in 0N, with the most pronounced being physiologically mediated hydrological signals.
T:An is a major signal in intra‐annual δ2HWSC in a boreal forest, subject to seasonal interactions with needle age and δ2Hstarch. There could be enough de novo n‐alkane synthesis in situ to enhance the reliability of δ2Halkane as a hydrological indicator, bringing promise to interpretations of the n‐alkane palaeohydrological record.
Entitlement, Disagreement and Cognitive Disaster
Authors: Thorne Michael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEpistemologists debate whether it is rationally permissible for people to disagree, for example in politics or religion, while nevertheless regarding each other's opinions as reasonable. I consider this question in relation to Crispin Wright's Wittgensteinian notion of entitlement, that is, rational warrant without evidence. I criticise Allan Hazlett's defence of the rationality of mutually recognised reasonable disagreement, which is based on the idea that one is entitled to trust a source of information if not trusting it would result in a ‘cognitive disaster’. I argue that this argument involves an equivocation in its use of the concept of a cognitive disaster.
Exploring Differences in the Lateralized Readiness Potential in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Martell Shelby G. , Keye Shelby A. , Kim Jeongwoon , Walk Anne , Erdman John W. , Adamson Brynn , Motl Robert W. , Khan Naiman A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease often leading to cognitive and motor impairment. Little research has examined motor preparation and initiation outcomes in the brain among persons with MS. The lateralized readiness potential is an ERP component that indexes pre‐motor activity evaluating the stimulus (LRP‐S) and motor activation for the response (LRP‐R). We examined the LRP‐S and LRP‐R in MS and healthy controls (HC) to understand impairments in neural activity associated with response activation and selection. Persons with MS (n = 53) and HC (n = 53) completed a flanker task with concurrent EEG for LRP extraction. Paired t‐tests were conducted to determine differences for accuracy, reaction time (RT), LRP‐S, and LRP‐R. Within‐group Pearson correlations were conducted to investigate the relationship between LRP indices and behavioral performance. Participants with MS had delayed LRP‐S latency and reduced LRP‐R amplitudes compared to HC for both trial types. In the HC group, LRP‐S amplitude and latency were positively related to RT. In the MS group, LRP‐S latency was positively related to RT. In both MS and HC, incongruent LRP‐R latency was negatively related to RT, suggesting that individuals with a shorter time interval between activation and response had faster reaction times. Persons with MS had delayed response selection, and less neural response activation compared to HC. Impairment in MS is evident for both pre‐motor and motor response initiation during a selective attention task. Our study also provided evidence the relationship between action‐based components and task performance differ in persons with MS and HC.
Communication Interventions for Families with Parental Cancer With Dependents: Findings from a Scoping Review
Authors: Caparso Cinzia , Bowen Zoe , Choi Sung Won 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSince 2019, invasive cancer diagnoses in people younger than 50 years old have increased by 12.8%, which impacts people of childbearing age. Currently, family interventions for parents with cancer primarily focus on the impacted parent communicating the initial cancer diagnosis or at end‐of‐life messages with their dependents through in‐person interventions. Limited web‐based interventions have been developed to increase communication across all family members (e.g., parents with cancer with co‐parents or children with their parents) about communicating the impact of cancer on the individual's and family's well‐being across the cancer trajectory, a key gap to improved outcomes in this population.AimThis scoping review aimed to comprehensively summarize family communication interventions designed for a parent with cancer who has dependents and to identify and analyze any knowledge gaps regarding family communication interventions in this population.MethodsA comprehensive informationist‐assisted search was completed in seven databases. Two reviewers independently performed title/abstract reviews and full‐text reviews within the Rayyan software system. Two reviewers performed data extraction.ResultsThirty‐five articles were included, and 24 different interventions were investigated. Most articles were published by European teams (45%). Fourteen articles (40%) evaluated interventions that included the entire family, seven (20%) reported family theories, and three (9%) used a web‐based delivery. Most articles focused on the outcomes of the parent with cancer and the outcomes of their dependents (31%). Most interventions aimed to increase parent communication with dependents at end‐of‐life (43%) or at early diagnosis (32%) in the breast cancer population.Linking Evidence to ActionIn‐person communication interventions have been developed to communicate with dependents about an early or terminal cancer diagnosis. The impact of the intervention on parents with cancer and their children's outcomes were also investigated. No web‐based interventions have been published that focus on the entire family, include family‐level outcomes, or completed dyadic analysis across the family on the family‐level outcomes to determine relationships. Web‐based interventions are needed to address communication challenges for all family members affected by a cancer diagnosis, and equitable access to such interventions should be supported.
On CFRP honeycomb mechanical metamaterials under out-of-plane crushing
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Bai Chunyu , Cui Tianning , Zhang Wei , Wu Tianxing , Yu Haotian , Liang Bo , Qin Qinghua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Honeycomb mechanical metamaterials with semi-re-entrant, square and hexagonal cells were prepared by using continuous twill weave carbon fiber prepreg. Out-of-plane crushing behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) honeycomb mechanical materials was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The full-field strain evolution and distribution of buckling modes were obtained. Analytical models were proposed to predict Young's moduli, buckling half-wave numbers, and initial collapse stresses of CFRP honeycomb cores and sandwich panels. The analytical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results. It is shown that the face sheets have significant effects on the crushing behavior of CFRP honeycombs. The strength, stiffness and energy absorption of CFRP honeycombs are dependent upon the configuration, height and boundary condition. CFRP honeycombs exhibit higher specific strength and specific energy absorption than the counterparts.
Design, Analsysis and Experimental Evaluation of A New Expansion Screw using Compliant Mechanisms
Authors: Gan Jinqiang , Chen Feng , Ge Ming-Feng , Lu Qinghua , Chen Weilin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a design solution for a new expansion screw based on compliant mechanisms. The new expansion screw applies distributed compliant mechanisms, rhombus amplification mechanisms and right circular flexure hinges to it. The distributed compliant mechanism realizes the contraction, the rhombus amplification mechanism realizes its expansion and fixation and the right circular flexure hinges are used to reduce friction. The forces analysis of the new expansion screw when it works is used to calculate its maximum load bearing capacity. A series of simulations and experiments are carried out to demonstrate the practicability and efficiency of the new expansion screw. In experiments, the new expansion screws using ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and nylon plastic are fabricated respectively, and the expansion screws using nylon plastic already available on the market are set as a comparison.The experimental results indicate that the structure of the new expansion screws is better than the existing expansion screws on the market, and the corresponding overall bearing capacity is more than double than the expansion screw already available on the market. The new expansion screw realizes a significant increase in its bearing capacity, and shows a strong application prospect.
Bat adaptations in inflammation and cell death regulation contribute to viral tolerance
Authors: Das Subham , Jain Disha , Chaudhary Priyansh , Quintela-Tizon Rita M. , Banerjee Arinjay , Kesavardhana Sannula 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Bats are reservoirs for multiple viruses, some of which are known to cause global disease outbreaks. Virus spillovers from bats have been implicated in zoonotic transmission. Some bat species can tolerate viral infections, such as infections with coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses, better than humans and with less clinical consequences. Bat species are speculated to have evolved alongside these viral pathogens, and adaptations within the bat immune system are considered to be associated with viral tolerance. Inflammation and cell death in response to zoonotic virus infections prime human immunopathology. Unlike humans, bats have evolved adaptations to mitigate virus infection-induced inflammation. Inflammatory cell death pathways such as necroptosis and pyroptosis are associated with immunopathology during virus infections, but their regulation in bats remains understudied. This review focuses on the regulation of inflammation and cell death pathways in bats. We also provide a perspective on the possible contribution of cell death-regulating proteins, such as caspases and gasdermins, in modulating tissue damage and inflammation in bats. Understanding the role of these adaptations in bat immune responses can provide valuable insights for managing future disease outbreaks, addressing human disease severity, and improving pandemic preparedness.