bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of 3D Printing Model in the Intraarticular Osteotomy in the Treatment of Malunion of Tibial Plateau Fracture
Authors: Jiang Liangjun , Li Hang , Huang Lu 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThree‐dimensional (3D) printing technology has shown potential advantages in accurate and efficient tibial plateau fracture (TPF) treatment. This technology can provide structural morphology to repair fracture fragments. Here, we summarize our experience with the use of 3D printing technology during intraarticular osteotomy in the treatment of the malunion of TPF.MethodsThe patients who were treated with malunion of TPF in our hospital between January 2015 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups: the conventional group without 3D‐printed model application and the 3D printing group with 3D‐printed model application. All patients received the intraarticular osteotomy during operation, and we compared the operation time (min), fracture healing time (months), postoperative knee Rasmussen scores (0–30 points), knee mobility range (0–140°) (the independent t‐test), fracture reduction evaluation (Biggi's method) (the chi‐square test: Fisher's exact test), and postoperative complications of each group.ResultsTwenty‐six patients aged 18–65 years who underwent TPF revision operation were included in this study, including 18 patients in the conventional group, and eight patients in the 3D printing group. The follow‐up time was 24–48 months, and the operation time was 185 min in the conventional group and 180 min in the 3D printing group. All patients received a bone union at the last follow‐up. The healing time was 4.2 months in the conventional group and 3.75 months in the 3D printing group (p > 0.05). The respective postoperative Rasmussen scores were 24.6 and 26.2, and postoperative knee mobility was 103.5° and 118.5° in the conventional group and 3D printing group, respectively. Both the Rasmussen scores and degrees of mobility were significantly improved after surgery (p < 0.05), and the postoperative knee mobility was significantly better in the 3D printing group versus the conventional group (p < 0.05). Four patients still had a 2‐mm collapse on the articular surface, and two patients still had slight valgus (<5°) in the conventional group. Only one case in the 3D printing group suffered from an articular surface collapse. Superficial wound infections occurred in two patients in the conventional group.ConclusionThe results show that 3D printing technology is an effective preoperative preparation in the treatment of TPF malunion. This technology can facilitate accurate preoperative planning to select the optimal surgical approach, plan the implant placement, visualize the screw trajectory, and anticipate possible intraoperative difficulties.
Identification, characterization, and rescue of CRISPR/Cas9 generated wheat SPO11‐1 mutants
Authors: Hyde Lucy , Osman Kim , Winfield Mark , Sanchez‐Moran Eugenio , Higgins James D. , Henderson Ian R. , Sparks Caroline , Franklin F. Chris H. , Edwards Keith J. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIncreasing crop yields through plant breeding is time consuming and laborious, with the generation of novel combinations of alleles being limited by chromosomal linkage blocks and linkage‐drag. Meiotic recombination is essential to create novel genetic variation via the reshuffling of parental alleles. The exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes occurs at crossover (CO) sites but CO frequency is often low and unevenly distributed. This bias creates the problem of linkage‐drag in recombination ‘cold’ regions, where undesirable variation remains linked to useful traits. In plants, programmed meiosis‐specific DNA double‐strand breaks, catalysed by the SPO11 complex, initiate the recombination pathway, although only ~5% result in the formation of COs. To study the role of SPO11‐1 in wheat meiosis, and as a prelude to manipulation, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate edits in all three SPO11‐1 homoeologues of hexaploid wheat. Characterization of progeny lines shows plants deficient in all six SPO11‐1 copies fail to undergo chromosome synapsis, lack COs and are sterile. In contrast, lines carrying a single copy of any one of the three wild‐type homoeologues are phenotypically indistinguishable from unedited plants both in terms of vegetative growth and fertility. However, cytogenetic analysis of the edited plants suggests that homoeologues differ in their ability to generate COs and in the dynamics of synapsis. In addition, we show that the transformation of wheat mutants carrying six edited copies of SPO11‐1 with the TaSPO11‐1B gene, restores synapsis, CO formation, and fertility and hence opens a route to modifying recombination in this agronomically important crop.
Effect of Tube Rows on Two-Phase Heat Transfer Characteristics of Water Over Staggered Tube Bundles Under Flow Boiling Mode
Authors: Moharana Subhakanta , Sha Bibhu B. , Das Mihir K. , Pecherkin Nikolay I. , Pavlenko Aleksandr N. , Volodin Oleg A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tube bundles are an integral part of the two-phase heat exchangers and are employed in numerous commercial applications. Present research compares two kinds of horizontal staggered tube bundles under upward crossflow boiling to see how tube rows affect the heat transfer coefficient (HTC). The experimental setup developed houses the tube bundle for temperature measurements and facilities the recording of high-speed images at different operating conditions. The investigation is carried out for heat fluxes of 10–75 kW/m2, mass fluxes of 20–100 kg/m2s, and P/D ratios of 1.25, 1.6, and 1.95, with distilled water as the working fluid. It is observed that both tube bundles show an increase in overall HTC with an increase in heat flux. However, the 5 × 3 tube bundle resulted in a greater heat transfer rate as compared to the 2 × 3 tube bundle due to the bundle effect. Further, both tube bundles have a diminishing trend of HTC with a rise in mass flux. The rate of rising in HTC was found to decrease with an increase in the number of tube rows in the tube bundle and with an increase in the P/D ratio. Therefore, interestingly it is observed that the increase in bundle average HTC of 5 × 3 tube bundle is not twice that of 2 × 3 tube bundle rather it is quite lesser which further deteriorates with an increase in P/D ratio. The row-wise and bundle average HTC obtained is also predicted with a dimensionless correlation within an error of ± 15%.
Analysis of a Digital Pump With Variable Speed Drive
Authors: Kärnell Samuel , Ericson Liselott 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The interest in speed-control of hydraulic pumps is increasing with the electrification of mobile machinery. With speed-control at hand, it is tempting to use fixed pumps where variable pumps earlier have been used. However, it can be beneficial to use variable pumps in combination with variable speed since it can allow downsizing of electric machines and reduce losses. But there are downsides with conventional variable pumps, such as increased complexity, cost, and low efficiency. Digital pumps (i.e., pumps with a discrete number of displacement settings) can address these problems. This paper is focused on the performance of a digital pump, both efficiency-wise and from a dynamic perspective. Shunt-based concepts that can improve the dynamics during switching are proposed. Simulation results show that the concepts can reduce the disruption in output flow during switchings.
An Experimental Study on High-Flowrate Ultrasonic Particle Monitoring in Oil Hydraulics
Authors: Johansen Per , Bech Michael M. , Dupont Sune , Christiansen Uffe N. , Sørensen Jens L. , Østedgaard-Munck David N. , Bentien Anders 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this article an experimental analysis on detection of particles in oil hydraulics by an in-line, high flowrate ultrasonic sensor is presented. This experimental study is conducted by the implementation of a particle concentration sensor prototype in a simple hydraulic circuit. In this system the contamination particles are introduced in an open tank. The sensor prototype is based on the particle scattering of ultrasound measured in a 90° angle in relation to the incoming wave. An experimental analysis of the sensors ability to detect specific concentrations of silicon dioxide particles in oils of varying viscosity grade is presented. Furthermore, an experiment involving a used hydraulic oil from an industrial plant is shown, where the sensor is able to detect increased particle contamination in the system, when the open tank is actively stirred. It is from the experimental analysis found that the prototype can detect particles of above 40 microns in common hydraulic oils, however the background field intensity and frequency could be increased to lower the size of the detectable particles. The paper is concluded with a theoretical analysis, which is examining the background field intensities and frequencies needed to meet standards within measurements of oil cleanliness.
A Multimodal Climbing-Swimming Soft Robotic Lamprey
Authors: Gallentine James , Barth Eric J. , Galloway Kevin , Van Stratum Brian , Clark Jonathan , Shoele Kourosh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Here, we present a multimodal, lamprey-inspired, 3D printed soft fluidic robot/actuator based on an antagonistic pneunet architecture. The Pacific Lamprey is a unique fish which is able to climb wetted vertical surfaces using its suction-cup mouth and snake-like morphology. The continuum structure of these fish lends itself to soft robots, given their ability to form continuous bends. Additionally, the high gravimetric and volumetric power density attainable by soft actuators make them good candidates for climbing robots. Fluidic soft robots are often limited in the forces they can exert due to limitations on their actuation pressure. This actuator is able to operate at relatively high pressures (for soft robots) of 756 kPa (95 psig) with a −3 dB bandwidth of 2.23 Hz to climb at rates exceeding 18 cm/s. The robot is capable of progression on a vertical surface using a compliant microspine attachment as the functional equivalent of the lamprey’s more complex suction-cup mouth. The paper also presents the details of the 3D-printed manufacturing of this actuator/robot.
Syndromes associated with Robin sequence: a national prospective cohort study
Authors: Davies Alex , Davies Amy , Wren Yvonne , Deacon Scott , Cobb Alistair , McLean Neil , David David , Chummun Shaheel 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of syndromic Robin sequence (RS) in the UK and if this group of patients had an increased need for airway and feeding management compared with a non-syndromic RS cohort.DesignA prospective national multicentre study of cases submitted to the Cleft Collective cohort studies.SettingSpecialist cleft services in the UK.Patients259 participants who fulfilled the diagnosis of RS. This group was compared with 548 participants with cleft palate only (CPO).Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the presence of a syndrome in patients with RS and CPO. Secondary outcome measures included the use of airway and feeding adjuncts.ResultsAn associated syndrome was seen in 28% of patients with RS and 14% of patients with CPO. The most common syndrome for the RS group was Stickler syndrome (27%). Syndromic status was significantly higher among patients with RS compared with those with CPO (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.65 to 3.39; p<0.001). Patients with syndromic RS have an increased reliance on airway adjuncts compared with the patients without syndromic RS (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.64; p=0.018). There was no evidence of a difference in the use of feeding adjuncts between syndromic and non-syndromic RS groups (OR 2.43, 95% CI 0.78 to 7.58; p=0.126).ConclusionThe presence of a syndrome has implications for management of patients with RS. Early identification of a syndrome may help prevent the consequences of a missed syndromic diagnosis. Routine ophthalmological and genetic screening for Stickler syndrome should be mandatory for all patients with RS.
A unique presentation of IgG4 disease with ocular, neurologic and mastoid involvement
Authors: Narotam Jeena Heena , Afrogheh Amir , West Joshua , van der Colff Freddie , Brey Naeem 
Published: November 2022

A man in his 20s presented with headache and acute deterioration in visual acuity. He was found to have panuveitis and raised intracranial pressure with papilloedema. MRI and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography confirmed a subclinical, but active, inflammatory mastoid process. Histology of the mastoid showed immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) cells, plasma cells and storiform fibrosis.This presentation of IgG4 disease has not been previously described.Treatment with high-dose steroids was initiated, followed by long-term immunosuppressive therapy. The patient’s symptoms improved, although he remains dependent on azathioprine and low dose oral steroids for symptom control. To date, there has been no progression of the disease.
INvesTigating the Abnormality of detrusor ConTractility by uroflowmetry in diabetic children (INTACT Trial): protocol of a prospective, observational study
Authors: Martonosi Ágnes Rita , Pázmány Piroska , Kiss Szabolcs , Zsákai Annamária , Szabó László 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBladder emptying abnormalities and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction are manifestations of autonomic dysfunction in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), which are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Since they can reduce the quality of life, they are urgent to be addressed before resulting in complications. As uroflowmetry might determine autonomic neuropathy earlier than cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction symptoms occur, our aim is to detect early abnormalities in bladder muscle function in children with DM. We investigate the diagnostic accuracy of uroflowmetry. As a secondary aim, we compare the prevalence of uroflowmetry abnormalities to the appearance of measures of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Finally, as an ancillary study, we examine the association of uroflowmetry with the appearance of peripheral neuropathy. These three aims, we feel, will put our results regarding uroflowmetry into an overall context of nerve disease early in the course of type 1 DM. To our knowledge, such an approach has heretofore not been performed.Methods and analysisThis will be a prospective, observational, single-centre clinical study. Patients with DM fulfilling the inclusion criteria and healthy controls will have uroflowmetry examination, cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction tests (heart rate response to deep breathing, to Valsalva manoeuvre, blood pressure and heart rate response to standing up, and to sustained handgrip) and nerve conduction test. The autonomic nervous system function will be examined by the reproducible and standardised cardiovascular reflex tests described by Ewinget al. During the examination, electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure values will be recorded continuously. Heart rate response to deep inspiration will be executed to investigate the parasympathetic nervous system. Peripheral neuropathy will be evaluated by nerve conduction test. After a pilot period, when the first 50 diabetic and 50 healthy children will be assessed, sample size calculation will be carried out. The primary objective of this trial is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value) of uroflowmetry. To do so, we compare uroflowmetry to the gold standard neuropathy tests, which are cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction tests (heart rate response to deep breathing, to Valsalva manoeuvre, blood pressure and heart rate response to standing up and to sustained handgrip).Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Heim Pál National Paediatric Institute in Budapest, Hungary (registration number KUT-37/2021). Results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT05247840.
Risky business: a single-centre cross-sectional analysis of calculated cardiovascular risk in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension
Authors: Solanki Pravik , Gwini Stella May , Libianto Renata , Gabb Genevieve , Shen Jimmy , Young Morag J , Fuller Peter J , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesPrimary aldosteronism (PA), the most common endocrine cause of hypertension, is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than blood pressure (BP)-matched essential hypertension (EH). We aimed to compare the calculated risks of CVD in patients who had hypertension with PA or EH using CVD risk calculators, hypothesising that they will fail to recognise the increased CVD risk in PA.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingAn endocrine hypertension service in Victoria, Australia.ParticipantsPatients who had hypertension without CVD referred for the investigation of hypertension.Outcome measuresCalculated 5-year or 10-year CVD risk as predicted by the National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance (NVDPA) algorithm, Framingham Risk Score, Pooled Cohort Equations and QRISK3.ResultsThose with PA (n=128) and EH (n=133), did not differ significantly in their calculated CVD risks with the NVDPA algorithm (moderate-to-high 5-year risk 36/100 vs 45/99, p=0.17); the Framingham Risk Score (median 10-year risk 7.72% (4.43%–12.95%) vs 6.84% (3.85%–10.50%), p=0.14); the Pooled Cohort Equations (median 10-year risk 9.45% (4.36%–15.37%) vs 7.90% (2.09%–14.73%), p=0.07); and QRISK3 (median 10-year risk 11.31% (7.22%–20.29%) vs 12.47% (5.10%–19.93%), p=0.51). Similarities persisted on regression analyses accounting for systolic BP.ConclusionsCVD risk algorithms do not reflect the increased risk of CVD in patients with PA, and likely underestimate the true risk of CVD among those with PA. Screening for PA, in addition to using the CVD risk algorithm in patients who had hypertension, may facilitate the targeted treatment of PA and minimisation of cardiovascular risk in affected individuals.
Benefit finding in first-ever young and middle-aged patients who had a stroke and their spousal caregivers in China: a longitudinal mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Li Hui , Zhang Leyun , Wang Wenna , Xiang Dandan , Zhang Zhenxiang , Mei Yongxia 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe global burden caused by stroke is shifting to young and middle-aged people. Researchers have emphasised the significance of benefit finding (BF) in psychological health. However, current research has paid little attention to stroke and has discussed BF from only a single perspective, that is, that of either patients or caregivers. Our study aims to understand the changing trajectory, predictors and dyadic interaction of BF in dyads of patient who had a stroke and caregiver.Methods and analysisThis study is a longitudinal mixed-methods, multicentre study. A total of 142 patients who had a stroke and 142 spousal caregivers will be investigated. Participants will be recruited from four large public hospitals in northern China. Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected at five time points (near discharge and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months following discharge). Validated and reliable questionnaires will be used in quantitative studies. Information on sociodemographic data, BF, functional status, perceived stress, coping styles and mutuality will be collected from the dyads. Qualitative data will be collected via semistructured interviews and observations. The growth mixture model will be used to analyse quantitative data, and Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method will be used to analyse qualitative data. We plan to conduct parallel but separate quantitative and qualitative data analyses and ultimately integrate the data sets to determine confirmation, expansion or discordance.Ethics and disseminationAll participants will be provided with an informed consent form. This study will encode all identifiable data and store all recorded data on a secure research server. This study has been approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the College of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University (ZZUIRB2020-53). The results of the longitudinal study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR2000039509.
Patient and physiotherapist perceptions of the Getting Recovery Right After Neck Dissection (GRRAND) rehabilitation intervention: a qualitative interview study embedded within a feasibility trial
Authors: Fordham Beth , Smith Toby O , Lamb Sarah , Morris Alana , Winter Stuart C 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe Getting Recovery Right After Neck Dissection (GRRAND) intervention is a physiotherapy programme for patients with head and neck cancer who have undergone neck dissection. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand if the intervention was useful, acceptable and whether it was feasible to conduct a randomised controlled trial (RCT).DesignThis qualitative study was embedded within the GRRAND-Feasibility (GRRAND-F) Study.SettingParticipants were recruited from four acute National Health Service hospitals in England between 2020 and 2021.ParticipantsWe interviewed four usual care and four intervention patient-participants from a single study site (Oxford). Six were male, two were female. All were white British ethnicity. We interviewed two physiotherapists from Oxford who delivered the GRRAND-F intervention, and physiotherapists from Birmingham, Poole and Norwich who were trained to deliver the intervention but were not able to deliver it within the study time frame.ResultsThe analysis identified five themes: (1) Acceptability, (2) Adherence, (3) Outcomes, (4) Feasibility and (5) Stand-alone themes (prehabilitation, video consultations, healthcare use).Patient-participants and physiotherapist-participants agreed that usual care was not meeting patients’ rehabilitation needs. The GRRAND intervention provided biopsychosocial support. In comparison to the usual care group, patient-participants who received the intervention were more confident that they could perform rehabilitation exercises and were more motivated to engage in long-term adaptive behaviour change. Physiotherapists felt they needed more administrative support to participate in an RCT.ConclusionParticipants felt that usual care was insufficient. GRRAND provided much needed, biopsychosocial support to patients. Participants were supportive that it would be feasible to test GRRAND in an RCT.Trial registration numberISRCTN11979997.