bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radionuclide Content and Radiation Dose Rates of Uraniferous and Mineralized Granites at GV Occurrence in Gabal Gattar, Northeastern Desert, Egypt.
Authors: Abdelwahab F M , El Gendy N H , Barakat M Kh , Mohamed M S , El-Tohamy A M , El Terb R A , El Feky M G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
G. Gattar is located in the northern part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt, bounded by latitudes 26° 52´ - 27° 08´ N and longitudes 33° 13´ – 33° 26´ E and covers an area of about 178 km2. Eighteen samples, nine from uraniferous and nine from mineralized granites were measured radiometrically for 238U, 232Th, 226RaeU and 40K determination by Na-I detector and the radioactive minerals identified by alpha track method. Based on the petrography, radioactive mineral content and radioactivity, Gattarian granites were classified into uraniferous and mineralized granites. Uranium contents reach up to 229 ppm in the uraniferous granites and to 20300 ppm in the mineralized granites, which is extremely higher than the international limits. eTh/eU ratio of the studied uraniferous and mineralized granites show average ratios of 0.05 and 0.0044, respectively, which is extremely lower than the average of igneous rocks, suggesting uranium enrichment in reducing conditions. The uraniferous and mineralized granites U/Th ratios average are 62.23 and 4234.45, respectively, indicating that the studied two granitic types are considered highly productive rocks. The radioelements interrelations manifest that the distribution of radioelements not only magmatic but also related to hydrothermal redistribution of radionuclides associating with uranium deposition. The radiological hazard parameters, such as the dose rate (D), the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external (Hex), internal (Hin) hazard indices and gamma index (Iγ) were estimated for these granites and compared with the international levels. Nearly, all the studied samples are to a great extent higher than the recommended permissible levels for all environmental parameters.
Isotopic Ratio of Radionuclides in Natural Materials
Authors: Mubarak Fawzia , Ali Abdallah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, the 235U/238U ratio and 235U concentration were discussed. 235,238 U isotopes were measured and calculated for uranium mines samples and reference material. The difference and deviation in experimental and calculated values for 235U were discussed. It can be concluded that the 235U/238U ratio was varied naturally with a range of 0.0442 to 0.0478. The measured ratio was deviated upon the reference value (0.0462) with a range of -0.02% to 1.5%, as we can conclude that the measured values were very accurate. While the values of the calculated ratio were varied from -0.089% up to 17%, which represents low accuracy. Isotopic uranium ratio changes over time depending on spontaneous fission half-life, radioactive decay rate and gamma-ray intensity for 235,238U. These fractions in uranium isotopic were discussed and here we assume a tool for correction and normalization. It can be concluded that the 235U/238U ratio and 235Uconcentration can be varied naturally with a slight deviation. The difference and reliability of 235,238U isotope on experimental results of uranium mines depend on several reasons such as decay rate of natural uranium, Spontaneous fission half-life and Gamma-ray intensity for 235,238U. Therefore, the experimental results for 235U are very accurate than the calculated results to improve the isotopes of U and 235U/238U ratio in Uranium mines.
Process simulation and optimization of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid production plant
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Fathy , Azim Ibrahim El Sayed Waleed Abd El , Moneim Nabil Abdel , Sorour Faisal Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of work is to design sulfonating plant on the basis of a hydrophilic sulfonate head-group and a hydrophobic alkyl benzene tail-group reaction mechanism, study of kinetics and thermodynamics followed by a steady-state simulation for the process was done by ASPEN HYSYS (V8.8) through using Peng-Robinson fluid package. Then heat integration of the process, done by using Aspen Energy Analyzer and studies of the influence parameters on the simulated process of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid. Alkyl benzene sulphonate is produced due to the sulphonation reaction of an alkylbenzene (LAB) plus a sulphonating agent in a falling film sulphonator to produce sulfonic acid (LABSA).The modeling of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid plant depends on : Air drying, Sulphur melting and proportioning, Sulphur combustion and SO3 production, Film sulfonation. Dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid production rate is influenced by changing of the following factors: the sulfur molar flow rate, molar flow rate of air and pressure of dodecyl benzene, the results of optimization shows that : The optimum operating Molar flow rate of sulfur is lies in the range of [3:3.5] Kg.mol/h, The optimum operating Molar flow rate of Air is 25 Kg.mol/h, The optimum operating Molar flow rate of Dodecyl Benzene is 3.1 Kg.mol/h and The optimum operating Pressure of Dodecyl Benzene is 70 KPa. For heat integration, a proposed heat exchanger network is generated which made the process functional without external heating. Generation of the top 10 heat exchanger network (HEN) leads to: the best case scenario from the top 10 scenarios from the point of cost and also from the point of cooling and heating required was design (9). After heat integration, the total amount of cooling demand decreased from 912620.50 KJ/h to 890261.56 KJ/h and the total amount of heating demand decreased from 22358.94 KJ/h to 0KJ/h.
A Mini-Review on Recent Developments in Metal-Organic-Frameworks (MOFs) Derived Carbon as A Microwave Absorption Materials (MAMs)
Authors: Elmowafy Mohamed E. , Abuzalat Osama , Tantawy Hesham , Elsayed Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
As a result of its ability to reduce electromagnetic waves (EMW), microwave absorption materials (MAMs) have gained a lot of interest recently. Thermal or other sources of energy can be used to disperse EMW. Ideal MAMs have many loss processes and must be light, thin, absorb a wide range of frequencies, and have high absorption capabilities. Because of the high concentration of electromagnetic radiation in our surroundings that are detrimental to people, MAMs (microwave absorption materials) are a hot issue. Radar stealth is further aided by MAMs, which are used to hide weaponry. Nanomaterials have been tested as MAMs, however, not all of them have worked out. In this study, we hope to shed light on the design and manufacturing of MOF-derived Carbon-based MAMs, along with their basics and applications.
High Performance Sheet of PBX based on NTO
Authors: Elbeih Ahmed , Elnogomy Mohamed , Elshenawy Tamer , Saleh Ahmed , Azazy Ahmed , Hussein Ahmed k. , Zaky M. G. , Ahmed Hesham S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is a low sensitive high explosive which has been used in the formation of low sensitive ammunitions. In this study, the preparation method of NTO explosive was discussed. A sheet of PBX on the basis of NTO bonded by HTPB binder matrix was prepared (NTO-PBX). The formulation is investigated for explosive properties to understand the influence of NTO on the performance of the PBX sheet. Impact and friction sensitivities of NTO-PBX, heat of Combustion and Detonation velocity were specified. EXPLO5 code, version 5.04, was utilized to calculate the theoretical detonation characteristics of NTO-PBX. For comparison, Data-sheetC, EPX-1, Semtex 1A and Formex P1, were also studied. By comparing the obtained results, confirmation of some relationships was investigated. The detonation velocity of the NTO sheet explosive was the highest of all the studied samples. The experimental and calculated results of NTO-PBX and the other compositions are in a good agreement.
A Novel Approach for Synthesis of Low Sensitive FOX-7 with a high % yield
Authors: Abdelhafiz Mahmoud , Mostafa Hosam E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Attaining a high performance is one of the most seeking demands in the energetic materials field. However, achieving that goal while keeping a high level of safety became a serious puzzle. 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (FOX-7) could be a promising candidate to solve that issue regarding its favorable explosive characteristics together with its low vulnerability. However, its high cost and low yield obtained via the FOI method limit its use in the field of insensitive munition (IM). In this work, we propose a novel approach to synthesis the FOX-7 crystals with high purity, a relatively high yield, and an extremely low impact, friction, ignition sensitivities. The obtained crystals were characterized using FTIR Spectroscopy, Proton NMR Spectroscopy, IKA impact test apparatus, BAM friction test apparatus, Chilworth deflagration test apparatus, and the adiabatic calorific bomb. Results confirmed the successful preparation of pure FOX-7 crystals with a promising yield of 64%, in comparison to the yield of the FOI method of 55%, and extremely low sensitivities using our proposed approach.
Process Engineering Design of Tobacco wastes Incinerator with Utilization of Heat Energy from Combustion Gases
Authors: Elmansy Asmaa , Abdelmonem N. , Shaaban Ahmed , Abdelghany Amr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An integrated incineration unit was developed to handle tobacco waste within a processing plant in the Eastern Company, Egypt. In addition to the unit, subsequent utilization of the heat content of combustion gases was investigated. The incinerator design was tailored around the current process of solid waste combustion within the tobacco processing plants of the Eastern Company in 6th October City, Egypt. A feeding rate of 1 ton/hr of solid waste consisted of 50% mass of tobacco, 20% paper, and cartons, 20% wooden boxes, and 10% plastics. The volume occupied by the remaining ash after the incineration process would not exceed 5% of the feedstock. The overall material and energy balances were calculated based on a 25490 kg/hr combustion gas discharge with a heat content of 20.09 Gj/hr. Energy from flue gases would be utilized to generate saturated steam or produce hot water. The design included a fired-tube boiler capable of generating 7 ton/hr saturated steam at 185 °C and 10 bar. The temperature of the exhaust effluent combustion gases vented into the atmosphere had to stand at 200 °C to avoid penalties. Moreover, this effluent temperature is considered to be effective and efficient utilization of the heat content in the waste.
Compendium data and preliminary results based on alum sludge and gravel continuous fixed-packed-bed column substrate as sustainable practice for constructed wetland development in northern Egypt
Authors: Tony Maha A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present investigation represents the valuable reclaims of the aluminum-based waterworks sludge that is so called “alum sludge” to close the loop concerning the sludge waste production and the sustainable ecosystem. In this study the adsorption behaviors of aluminium based sludge, namely alum sludge (AS) and gravel as cost-efficient adsorbents regarding dye elimination from aqueous synthetic stream were analyzed in fixed bed column. The influence of variable boundaries such as column pack depth and influent concentration on the effluent concentrations via breakthrough curves were examined. It is estimated that the removal uptake and sorption capabilities elevated as the initial influent loading of the dye dismissed for the fixed bed height of the both adsorbents, namely, gravel and AS. Thereafter, a preliminarily results were checked to investigate the feasibility of the adsorption column in Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities were observed around 4 mg L-1 for sample with pH 7.5 that is signified as the natural pH of the synthetic stream. However, increasing the initial dye loading increasing the adsorption capacity which reached to 5.5 mg L-1 for the dye loading 27.8 mg L-$$$1 of Reactive Blue 4 (RB4). Thus, the first results will be a valued scheme in the development of adsorption systems to build up a constructed wetland facility.
Using biochar to control nitric oxide air pollution
Authors: Mohamed Ghada Osama , Saleh Maher Elsayed , Shalaby Elsayed Ahmed , Elsafty Ahmed Samir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study deals with the ability of Rice Husk Biochar (RHB) to adsorb and reduce the concentration of 90 ppm Nitric Oxide (NO) gas which passed through it with a 1.2 liter/min flow rate within 8 minutes. The characteristics of biochar before and after adsorption were studied by SEM, EDAX, and FTIR analyses. To study the effect of different factors on adsorption the effect of manufacturing temperatures of biochar was studied by using two degrees 450 °C and 500 °C. It has also been measured the effect of biochar particles size using two types of size, coarse (C) and fine (F). The effect of the shape of the measurement system on the adsorption was also measured using two types of systems A and B. In general, the RHB450C A gives the best adsorption capacity for NO (95.7 mg/g) followed by RHB450F A (41.9 mg/g) followed by RHB500C A (24.8 mg/g). Both Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal models were applied to mathematical modelling of NO adsorption, and based on the coefficient of determination (r2) Langmuir’s model provided a perfect fit to the experimental data. It was also found that the pseudo-first-order model is suitable for studying adsorption kinetics.
Air pollution remediation using synergetic coupling of AC/TiO2 filter for benzene gas removal: regeneration and reuse of spent activated carbon after the treatment process
Authors: Mohamed E. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Recently, climate change and air pollution are of the most important problems confronting the world. Hence, the present work is designed to provide an air purifier that can be re-utilized many times with high efficiency for several volatile pollutants. The air purifier fabricated from AC/TiO2 was used to investigate the performance of this filter towards the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the air. The filter was composed of a mixture of fiber layers (TiO2, SiO2 and AC). The results indicated that the synergistic coupling of adsorption/oxidation technique is effective for removal of the air pollutants as well as for regeneration of the activated carbon to be extensional reused. The performance test of air purifier confirmed its high removal efficiency (98%). It was found that nearly up to 94% and 86% recovery of the filter activity could be achieved after the second and third cycles of treatment, respectively. From these results, AC/TiO2 filter still has the capability to remove and control extra gas pollutants indicating the synergistic coupling effect of TiO2 with the activated carbon. This filter concerns in developing an economic and feasible air purifier system to remove air contaminants for several times.
Multivariate-Parameters Effect of Dewatered Aluminium-Based Sludge in Catalytic Oxidation into Wastewater Treatment with A Special Strategy for Solar Energy Application
Authors: Thabet Rahma H. , Fouad Mai K. , El Sherbiny Shakinaz A. , Tony Maha A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, the Fenton/adsorption of dye effluent containing Levafix blue dye has been carried out via a cost-efficient and eco-friendly heterogeneous Fenton and solar-Fenton methods. Alum sludge, the water treatment by-product were successfully collected and calcined to 400 °C (AS400) were tested for use as a catalyst in the Fenton process. X-ray diffraction, Scanned electron microscopy techniques were applied to investigate the structural and morphological properties of such catalyst. The results showed that the material had a better photocatalytic activity under sunlight irradiation. The process of solar photo-Fenton reagent including AS400 was found to be competent for the oxidation of Levafix dye compared with the process of using Fenton process. The oxidation was improved to a great extent from 60 to 99% removal in the treatment time of 40-min irradiation. The key factor is containing 1.5 g/L and 800 mg/L of AS400 and H2O2, respectively, at pH 3.0. As a result, the practical application of such a by-product as a catalyst on the Fenton system employing natural solar radiation on the treating dye effluent indicates that technique is extremely efficient for a safer environment.
Surface electronic structure of possible high-Tc
surface superconductor WO3 based on the first-principles calculation
Authors: Sekikawa Takuya , Kawai Hiroyuki , Ōno Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The first-principles calculation is performed to investigate the surface electronic structure of WO3 in which high-Tc
surface superconductivity up to Tc
=120 K is observed when alkali metals are alightly doped. To take into account of the surface effect, we employ the tetragonal 14-layers slab model and find that a remarkable in-gap band with a narrow band width of 0.13 eV appears at about 0.6 eV below the conduction bands. Detailed analysis of the wave functions reveal that the in-gap band mainly consists of orbitals in the first and second layers on the surface. Therefore, the in-gap band is considered to play crucial role for the surface superconductivity in the slightly electron-doped WO3.
Magnetic properties of Hf(P, Se)2 single crystal by high-temperature solution method using CdSe flux
Authors: Kitô H , Kawashima K , Ishida S , Fujihisa H , Gotoh Y , Iyo A , Ogino H , Eisaki H , Yoshida Y 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
By the high pressure and high temperature solution method mixing CdSe fluxes, layered PbFCl-type HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45) and HfSiSe single crystals were successfully grown and obtained under a high-pressure for the first time. It was clarified that the melting temperature of the solid solution was lowered by adding a small amount of CdSe. Typical sizes of ~ 180 × ~ 180 × ~ 20 μm 3 for HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45) and ~ 120 × ~ 100 × ~ 20 μm 3 for HfSiSe were obtained and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive electron spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45) and HfSiSe were grown oriented c - axis. Magnetic susceptibility versus temperature measurement were performed for HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45). Onset of the Tc
was showed at around ~ 5.36 K for HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45) single crystal. Here, the crystal growth and magnetic properties for HfP2-x
Se
x
(x = 0.45) single crystal were presented.
The interplay between the incommensurate spin correlations and superconductivity in Mn substituted La1.90Sr0.10CuO4
Authors: Fujita Masaki , Enoki Masanori 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Mn substitution effect on superconductivity and spin correlations in La1.90Sr0.10Cu1−y
Mn
y
O4 was investigated by means of magnetic susceptibility and neutron scattering measurements. The superconducting (SC) transition temperature (T
c) and the SC volume fraction are reduced by Mn substitution with y = 0.01. It was clarified that the peak-splitting of the incommensurate (IC) low-energy spin excitations narrows by 30% and the magnetic ordering temperature is significantly enhanced in the y = 0.01 sample. Thus, the SC state and the magnetic ordering state coexist at low temperature. Furthermore, incommensurability (δ), corresponding to half the distance between the IC peaks, and T
c (∼ 18 K) of y = 0.01, both follow the linear T
c−δ relation established for the pristine La2−x
Sr
x
CuO4 (LSCO). Therefore, although Tc
varies as a result of Mn substitution, spin correlations are closely coupled to superconductivity as is the case for LSCO.
Dc vortex-flow resistivity in an epitaxially grown MgB2 film probed by pulsed current measurements
Authors: Ueno R , Ienaga K , Maegochi S , Shishido H , Okuma S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Using pulsed currents, we measure the dc vortex-flow resistivity ρf
in a fast-flow regime for an epitaxially grown MgB2 film. In the vortex-solid phase the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in different magnetic fields B exhibit a crossover from nonlinear to linear behavior with an increase in I, indicating a change from pinning-dominated to viscous-force dominated flow. ρf
(B) extracted from the slope of the linear part of the I − V data shows an unusual field dependence with strong enhancement at low B similar to that reported from microwave surface impedance. The results suggest that two-band properties can be also detected by dc measurements with pulsed currents in MgB2 films.
Three-Dimensional Molecular Dynamics Method for Vortex pinning by Splayed Columnar Defects
Authors: Kato Masaru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We have developed three-dimensional molecular dynamics method, in which anisotropy of a superconductor and vortex core energy are included. We have applied it to a superconductor with splayed columnar defects. We have found that under a driving force due to an external current, vortices show wandering structures, which comes from the pinning force from splayed columnar defects. Especially, for weak core energy, vortices become soft or flexible. In an isotropic superconductor, these wandering structures disappear.
Simulation of switching to voltage state in an intrinsic Josephson junction
Authors: Wachi Takamasa , Kato Masaru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
When a current applied to an intrinsic Josephson junction (IJJ) in a copper oxide high-temperature superconductor is increased, the IJJ enters a voltage state and then the voltage increases stepwise. After these voltage states, when the current is lowered, THz oscillation occurs. The voltage state is described as a running state of a particle in a washboard potential, using the RCSJ model of the Josephson junction (JJ). In this study, we investigate these running states in the IJJ, using a coupled layered JJ model with the finite element method. Especially, we focus on time evolution of phase differences in all JJs in the IJJ under weak external current.
Peak Effects in 2H-NbSe2 Single Crystals Introduced with Artificial Defects by Particle Irradiation
Authors: Li W J , Pyon S , Okayasu S , Tamegai T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Effects of splayed columnar defects in NbSe2 single crystals introduced by 800 MeV Xe and 320 MeV Au irradiations were studied. Peak effects have been observed for both samples. For 320 MeV Au irradiated samples, the peak field is found to increase with increasing the splay angle, while in samples irradiated by 800 MeV Xe the peak field shows an opposite dependence. The temperature dependence of the peak field for these two samples are also different. Based on the analysis of pinning force density, this different temperature dependence of the peak field may originate from the different pinning mechanisms.