bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A practicable and reliable test for metal powder spreadability: development of test and analysis technique
Authors: Hulme Christopher Neil , Mellin Pelle , Marchetti Lorenzo , Hari Vignesh , Uhlirsch Markus , Strandh Emil , Saeidi Kamran , Dubiez-Le Goff Sophie , Saleem Saud , Pettersson Victor , Memarpour Arashk , Jakobsson Karin , Meurling Fredrik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA crucial step in the powder bed metal additive manufacturing process is the formation of a thin layer of powder on top of the existing material. The propensity of the powder to form thin layers under the conditions used in additive manufacturing is critically important, but no test method has yet been established to measure this characteristic, which is sometimes referred to as spreadability. The current work spreads a single layer of powder using commercial equipment from the paint and food industries and derives the density of a layer of powder, which is of a similar thickness to that in additive manufacturing. Twenty-four powders from eight suppliers have been tested and the density of the layers has been measured as a function of various parameters. Twenty-two of the powders successfully form thin layers, with a density of at least 40% of each powder’s apparent density. Hall flow time did not correlate with the spread layer density, although the two powders that did not spread did not pass through the Hall funnel. The roughness of the plate onto which the powder was spread, the recoater speed, the layer thickness, particle size and aspect ratio all affect the measured layer density. Results of the new test are repeatable and reproducible. These findings can be used to develop a test for spreadability for metal powders that can be used for additive manufacturing, which will help to improve the quality of printed components.
On conjugacy of natural extensions of one-dimensional maps
Authors: BOROŃSKI J. , MINC P. , ŠTIMAC S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe prove that for any non-degenerate dendriteD, there exist topologically mixing maps$F : D \to D$and$f : [0, 1] \to [0, 1]$such that the natural extensions (as known as shift homeomorphisms)$\sigma _F$and$\sigma _f$are conjugate, and consequently the corresponding inverse limits are homeomorphic. Moreover, the mapfdoes not depend on the dendriteDand can be selected so that the inverse limit$\underleftarrow {\lim } (D,F)$is homeomorphic to the pseudo-arc. The result extends to any finite number of dendrites. Our work is motivated by, but independent of, the recent result of the first and third author on conjugation of Lozi and Hénon maps to natural extensions of dendrite maps.
The preservation of cause and effect in the rock record
Authors: D'Antonio Michael P. , Ibarra Daniel E. , Boyce C. Kevin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEvolutionary events may impact the geological carbon cycle via transient imbalances in silicate weathering, and such events have been implicated as causes of glaciations, mass extinctions, and oceanic anoxia. However, suggested evolutionary causes often substantially predate the environmental effects to which they are linked—problematic when carbon cycle perturbations must be resolved in less than a million years to maintain Earth's habitability. What is more, the geochemical signatures of such perturbations are recorded as they occur in widely distributed marine sedimentary rocks that have been densely sampled for important intervals in Earth history, whereas the fossil record—particularly on land—is governed by the availability of sedimentary basins that are patchy in both space and time, necessitating lags between the origination of an evolutionary lineage and its earliest occurrence in the fossil record. Here, we present a simple model of the impact of preservational filtering on sampling to show that an evolutionary event that causes an environmental perturbation via weathering imbalance should not appear earlier in the rock record than the perturbation itself and, if anything, should appear later rather than simultaneously. The Devonian Hangenberg glaciation provides an example of how evolutionary events might be more fruitfully considered as potential causes of environmental perturbations. Just as the last samplings of species lost in mass extinction are expected to come before the true environmental event, first appearance should be expected to postdate the geological expression of a lineage's environmental impact with important implications for our reading of Earth history.
A RADIOCARBON CHRONOLOGY FOR ESTADIO DE QUILLOTA IN THE ACONCAGUA VALLEY, CENTRAL CHILE, WITH REFERENCE TO THE ADOPTION OF INTENSIVE MAIZE AGRICULTURE AND REVISITING THE TIMING OF INKA INFLUENCE ON THE SOUTHERN FRONTIER
Authors: Swift Jaime L , Fuenzalida Bahamodes Nicole , Schulting Rick J 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTEstadio de Quillota (EDQ) is the largest known pre-Columbian cemetery site within the Aconcagua Valley of Central Chile. Despite its importance, existing chronological data for EDQ are limited and questions remain regarding the prehistory of the Valley, particularly around the adoption and intensification of maize agriculture, as well as the timing of Inka influence reaching the region. Seventeen new AMS radiocarbon dates presented here indicate two distinct phases of use at EDQ: An earlier phase (339–196 cal BC to cal AD 128–339), and a later phase (cal AD 1280–1387 to cal AD 1413–1458). Accompanying stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses of human bone collagen (n=22) demonstrate diachronic dietary changes corresponding to these phases, with a reliance on terrestrial C3 resources during the earlier period, followed by a heavy dependence on C4-based (maize) resources during the later use. Bayesian modeling of the dates from Late Period contexts suggests Inka influence arrived in Central Chile by ca. cal AD 1400, decades before the date cited in traditional chronologies, AD 1471. Inka expansion likely occurred here with an initial phase of interaction and exchange preceding a later phase of integration. This finding supports growing evidence that the traditional chronology of the Inka Empire requires reconsideration.
Ideologies of Voice Type and Ravel's L'heure espagnole
Authors: Kapusta John 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDespite the advent of voice studies, opera scholars have yet to develop a thoroughgoing conversation about one of the most familiar elements of operatic vocal culture: voice type (categories such as soprano, tenor and the like). To address this, I suggest opera scholars analyse ideologies of voice type: the complex of ideas and practices that guide how individuals understand voice types and their relevance to the operatic experience. I devote the main part of this article to a historical case study of ideologies of voice type in action, focusing on Maurice Ravel, his 1911 opera L'heure espagnole, and the relatively obscure voice type Ravel assigned to Ramiro, the opera's male protagonist, the baryton-Martin. I argue that the characteristically modern ideology of voice type Ravel adopted in L'heure espagnole was unusual for its time and that this helps explains the work's reception.
On the Existence of Summer Shamal Wind Induced by the Zagros Mountains in the Middle East
Authors: Mofidi Abbas , Zarrin Azar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA new structure is proposed to explain the mechanism governing the summer Shamal wind (SSW) formation in the Middle East (ME). Here, the irreplaceable role of the Zagros Mountains (ZAG) as the primary driver of a localized atmospheric circulation over the ME has been clarified. We show that the SSW is mainly established and maintained due to the local forcing of the ZAG. A background low‐level easterly flow dominates on the east side of the ZAG which is basically from Turkmenistan Anticyclone. The flow in association with a vertical heat advection over the ZAG while generating Iran anticyclone (IA) in the middle troposphere, develops so‐called regional atmospheric circulation over the ME. As a part of the localized circulation, descending air from IA establishes the Arabian anticyclone‐Zagros Trough coupling pattern over Mesopotamia. This coupling pattern is the significant driver of SSW and its induced dust storms over the ME.
Secular Trends in Global Tides Derived From Satellite Radar Altimetry
Authors: Bij de Vaate I. , Slobbe D. C. , Verlaan M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that tides are subject to considerable changes on secular time scales. However, these studies rely on sea level observations from tide gauges that are predominantly located in coastal and shelf regions and therefore, the large‐scale patterns remain uncertain. Now, for the first time, satellite radar altimetry (TOPEX/Poseidon & Jason series) has been used to study worldwide linear trends in tidal harmonic constants of four major tides (M2, S2, O1, and K1). This study demonstrates both the potential and challenges of using satellite data for the quantification of such long‐term changes. Two alternative methods were implemented. In the first method, tidal harmonic constants were estimated for consecutive 4‐year periods, from which the linear change was then estimated. In the second method, the estimation of linear trends in the tidal constants of the four tides was integrated in the harmonic analysis. First, both methods were assessed by application to tide gauge data that were sub‐sampled to the sampling scheme of the satellites. Thereafter the methods were applied to the real satellite data. Results show both statistically significant decreases and increases in amplitude up to 1 mm/year and significant phase changes up to ∼0.1 deg/year. The level of agreement between altimeter‐derived trends and estimates from tide gauge data differs per region and per tide.
Stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex blocks the return of subcortically mediated fear responses
Authors: Szeska Christoph , Pünjer Hannah , Riemann Steffen , Meinzer Marcus , Hamm Alfons O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) mediates the inhibition of defensive responses upon encounters of cues, that had lost their attribute as a threat signal via previous extinction learning. Here, we investigated whether such fear extinction recall can be facilitated by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Extinction recall was tested twenty-four hours after previously acquired fear was extinguished. Either anodal tDCS or sham stimulation targeting the vmPFC was applied during this test. After stimulation ceased, we examined return of fear after subjects had been re-exposed to aversive events. Fear was assessed by reports of threat expectancy and modulations of autonomic (skin conductance, heart rate) and protective reflex (startle potentiation) measures, the latter of which are mediated by subcortical defense circuits. While tDCS did not affect initial extinction recall, it abolished the return of startle potentiation and autonomic components of the fear response. Results suggest hierarchical multi-level vmPFC functions in human fear inhibition and indicate, that its stimulation might immunize against relapses into pathological subcortically mediated defensive activation.
Current understanding of osteoarthritis pathogenesis and relevant new approaches
Authors: Tong Liping , Yu Huan , Huang Xingyun , Shen Jie , Xiao Guozhi , Chen Lin , Wang Huaiyu , Xing Lianping , Chen Di 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes painful swelling and permanent damage to the joints in the body. The molecular mechanisms of OA are currently unknown. OA is a heterogeneous disease that affects the entire joint, and multiple tissues are altered during OA development. To better understand the pathological mechanisms of OA, new approaches, methods, and techniques need to be used to understand OA pathogenesis. In this review, we first focus on the epigenetic regulation of OA, with a particular focus on DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA regulation, followed by a summary of several key mediators in OA-associated pain. We then introduce several innovative techniques that have been and will continue to be used in the fields of OA and OA-associated pain, such as CRISPR, scRNA sequencing, and lineage tracing. Next, we discuss the timely updates concerning cell death regulation in OA pathology, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, as well as their individual roles in OA and potential molecular targets in treating OA. Finally, our review highlights new directions on the role of the synovial lymphatic system in OA. An improved understanding of OA pathogenesis will aid in the development of more specific and effective therapeutic interventions for OA.
Feasibility of supported self-management with a pictorial action plan to improve asthma control
Authors: Sazlina Shariff Ghazali , Lee Ping Yein , Cheong Ai Theng , Hussein Norita , Pinnock Hilary , Salim Hani , Liew Su May , Hanafi Nik Sherina , Abu Bakar Ahmad Ihsan , Ng Chiu-Wan , Ramli Rizawati , Mohd Ahad Azainorsuzila , Ho Bee Kiau , Mohamed Isa Salbiah , Parker Richard A. , Stoddart Andrew , Pang Yong Kek , Chinna Karuthan , Sheikh Aziz , Khoo Ee Ming ,   RESPIRE collaboration, Sazlina Shariff Ghazali , Khoo Ee Ming , Pinnock Hilary , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSupported self-management reduces asthma-related morbidity and mortality. This paper is on a feasibility study, and observing the change in clinical and cost outcomes of pictorial action plan use is part of assessing feasibility as it will help us decide on outcome measures for a fully powered RCT. We conducted a pre–post feasibility study among adults with physician-diagnosed asthma on inhaled corticosteroids at a public primary-care clinic in Malaysia. We adapted an existing pictorial asthma action plan. The primary outcome was asthma control, assessed at 1, 3 and 6 months. Secondary outcomes included reliever use, controller medication adherence, asthma exacerbations, emergency visits, hospitalisations, days lost from work/daily activities and action plan use. We estimated potential cost savings on asthma-related care following plan use. About 84% (n = 59/70) completed the 6-months follow-up. The proportion achieving good asthma control increased from 18 (30.4%) at baseline to 38 (64.4%) at 6-month follow-up. The proportion of at least one acute exacerbation (3 months: % difference −19.7; 95% CI −34.7 to −3.1; 6 months: % difference −20.3; 95% CI −5.8 to −3.2), one or more emergency visit (1 month: % difference −28.6; 95% CI −41.2 to −15.5; 3 months: % difference −18.0; 95% CI −32.2 to −3.0; 6 months: % difference −20.3; 95% CI −34.9 to −4.6), and one or more asthma admission (1 month: % difference −14.3; 95% CI −25.2 to −5.3; 6 months: % difference −11.9; 95% CI −23.2 to −1.8) improved over time. Estimated savings for the 59 patients at 6-months follow-up and for each patient over the 6 months were RM 15,866.22 (USD3755.36) and RM268.92 (USD63.65), respectively. Supported self-management with a pictorial asthma action plan was associated with an improvement in asthma control and potential cost savings in Malaysian primary-care patients.Trial registration number: ISRCTN87128530; prospectively registered: September 5, 2019, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN87128530.
Different inhaled corticosteroid doses in triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Park Hee Moon , Jang Eun Jin , Lee Chang-Hoon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis is necessary to evaluate the efficacy and safety of triple therapy with different doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We selected 26 parallel randomized controlled trials (41,366 patients) comparing triple therapy with ICS/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA), LABA/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), and LAMA in patients with stable COPD for ≥ 12 weeks from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries (search from inception to June 30, 2022). Triple therapy with high dose (HD)-ICS exhibited a lower risk of total exacerbation in pre-specified subgroups treated for ≥ 48 weeks than that with low dose (LD)-ICS (odds ratio [OR] = 0.66, 95% credible interval [CrI] = 0.52–0.94, low certainty of evidence) or medium dose (MD)-ICS (OR = 0.66, 95% CrI = 0.51–0.94, low certainty of evidence). Triple therapy with HD-ICS exhibited a lower risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbation in pre-specified subgroups with forced expiratory volume in 1 s < 65% (OR = 0.6, 95% CrI = 0.37–0.98, low certainty of evidence) or previous exacerbation history (OR = 0.6, 95% CrI = 0.36–0.999, very low certainty of evidence) than triple therapy with MD-ICS. Triple therapy with HD-ICS may reduce acute exacerbation in patients with COPD treated with other drug classes including triple therapy with LD- or MD-ICS or dual therapies.
Synthesis and comparative evaluation of 177Lu-labeled PEG and non-PEG variant peptides as HER2-targeting probes
Authors: Sharma Amit Kumar , Sharma Rohit , Vats Kusum , Sarma Haladhar Dev , Mukherjee Archana , Das Tapas , Satpati Drishty 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHighest global cancer incidence of female breast cancer is a matter of great concern. HER2-positive breast cancers have high mortality rate hence detection at an early stage is vital for successful treatment, improved cancer care and survival rate. Radiolabeled peptides have emerged as new alternatives to radiolabeled antibodies to overcome the limitations of slow clearance and uptake in non-target tissues. Herein, DOTA-A9 peptide and its pegylated variant were constructed on solid phase and radiolabeled with [177Lu]LuCl3. [177Lu]DOTA-A9 and [177Lu]DOTA-PEG4-A9 displayed high binding affinity (Kd = 48.4 ± 1.4 and 55.7 ± 12.3 nM respectively) in human breast carcinoma SKBR3 cells. Two radiopeptides exhibited renal excretion and rapid clearance from normal organs. Uptake in SKBR3 tumor and tumor-to-background ratios were significantly higher (p < 0.05) for [177Lu]DOTA-PEG4-A9 at the three time points investigated. Xenografts could be clearly visualized by [177Lu]DOTA-PEG4-A9 in SPECT images at 3, 24 and 48 h p.i. indicating the potential for further exploration as HER2-targeting probe. The encouraging in vivo profile of PEG construct, [177Lu]DOTA-PEG4-A9 incentivizes future studies for clinical applications.
Evaluation and comparison of unsupervised methods for the extraction of spatial patterns from mass spectrometry imaging data (MSI)
Authors: Prasad Mridula , Postma Geert , Franceschi Pietro , Buydens Lutgarde M. C. , Jansen Jeroen J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor the extraction of spatially important regions from mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data, different clustering methods have been proposed. These clustering methods are based on certain assumptions and use different criteria to assign pixels into different classes. For high-dimensional MSI data, the curse of dimensionality also limits the performance of clustering methods which are usually overcome by pre-processing the data using dimension reduction techniques. In summary, the extraction of spatial patterns from MSI data can be done using different unsupervised methods, but the robust evaluation of clustering results is what is still missing. In this study, we have performed multiple simulations on synthetic and real MSI data to validate the performance of unsupervised methods. The synthetic data were simulated mimicking important spatial and statistical properties of real MSI data. Our simulation results confirmed that K-means clustering with correlation distance and Gaussian Mixture Modeling clustering methods give optimal performance in most of the scenarios. The clustering methods give efficient results together with dimension reduction techniques. From all the dimension techniques considered here, the best results were obtained with the minimum noise fraction (MNF) transform. The results were confirmed on both synthetic and real MSI data. However, for successful implementation of MNF transform the MSI data requires to be of limited dimensions.
In vitro and in vivo low-dose exposure of simulated cooking oil fumes to assess adverse biological effects
Authors: Li Shuangde , Wang Li , Guan Shanyue , Zhou Shuyun , Chen Yunfa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCooking oil fumes (COFs) represent a major indoor environmental pollutant and exhibit potent mutagenic or carcinogenic health effects caused by containing various heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) and long-chain aldehydes. Despite some evaluation of the cumulative exposure of COFs to cancer cells under high concentration were evaluated, their biological adverse effects with low-dose exposure to healthy cells had been inadequately investigated. Herein, we firstly scrutinized the three selected typically toxic compounds of heterocyclic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), 3,8-dimethylammidazo[4,5-f]quinoxalin-2-amine (MeIQx) and trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (TDA)) emitted from COFs. In vitro studies revealed that the PhIP, MeIQx and TDA aerosol particles were negligible toxicity to cancer cells (A549 and HepG-2) but strong cytotoxicity to normal healthy cells (HelF and L02) under 0.5–4 μg/mL low dose exposure based on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mechanism. In vivo studies demonstrated that PhIP caused significant lung and liver damage after exposure to PhIP for 30 days with mice. These results indicated the direct proof of healthy cell damage even at low-dose exposure to HAAs and aldehydes.
Effect of different revascularization times on intermediate-risk non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kong Xiangyong , Yin Jun , Chen Hongwu , Wu Jiawei , Yu Xiaofan , Zhou Ningtian , Ma Likun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNon-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) is a specific type of acute coronary syndrome. We applied the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score for risk stratification of patient prognosis. There was uncertainty about the routine revascularization time in patients with intermediate-risk NSTE-ACS. A total of 2835 patients with intermediate-risk NSTE-ACS (TIMI score 3–4) included in the China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry from November 2014 to January 2017 were analyzed according to the time window from symptom onset to revascularization: within 24 h, Group I (814/28.7%); within 24 to 48 h, Group II (526/18.6%); within 48 to 72 h, Group III (403/14.2%); and after 72 h, Group IV (1092/38.5%). Risk factors, management and in-hospital outcomes were analyzed in the four groups. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference in the incidence of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) when revascularization was completed within 48 h than when it was completed after 48 h (P < 0.05). The results of revascularization within 48 h were similar, and the incidence of in-hospital MACEs was lower than when revascularization was completed after 48 h. The incidence of in-hospital MACEs among patients who underwent revascularization within 48 h is lower than that of patients who underwent revascularization after 48 h.