bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telehealth in outpatient delivery of palliative care: A qualitative study of patient and physician views
Authors: Pasanen Leeanne , Le Gautier Roslyn , Wong Aaron , Wawryk Olivia , Collins Anna , Schwetlik Stephanie , Philip Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has widened the funded use of telehealth in Australia to support telehealth delivery to all patients in any setting. Increasing the use and experience of telehealth brings to light unique insights into the advantages and challenges of this new model of healthcare delivery This study aimed to qualitatively explore the experiences of both palliative care physicians and patients setting, including their views on its future role in healthcare.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted across three metropolitan tertiary palliative care centers in Victoria, Australia between November 2020 and March 2021. Purposive sampling identified 23 participants (12 physicians and 11 patients). Semi-structured interviews focused on the last telehealth consultation, thoughts and impressions of telehealth, and the possibility of telehealth remaining in palliative care. A thematic approach was adopted to code and analyze the data.ResultsTelehealth transformed the ways physicians and patients in this study perceived and engaged with outpatient palliative care across the entire continuum of care. Four key themes were identified: (1) access to care; (2) delivery of care; (3) engagement with care; and (4) the future.Significance of resultsThis study provides novel data bringing together the perspective of patients and physicians, which confirms the utility of telehealth in palliative care. Its convenience enables more frequent review, enables reviews to occur in response to lower levels of concern, and adds toward enhancing the continuity of care across and between settings. Moving forward, support seemed strongest for a hybrid model of telehealth and face-to-face consultations guided by key parameters relating to the level of anticipated complexity.
Co-Inheritance of Variation in All-Cause Mortality and Biochemical Risk Factors
Authors: Whitfield John B. , Colodro-Conde Lucía , Zhu Gu , Timmers Paul R. H. J. , Joshi Peter K. , Montgomery Grant W. , Martin Nicholas G 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiomarkers may be useful endophenotypes for genetic studies if they share genetic sources of variation with the outcome, for example, with all-cause mortality. Australian adult study participants who had reported their parental survival information were included in the study: 14,169 participants had polygenic risk scores (PRS) from genotyping and up to 13,365 had biomarker results. We assessed associations between participants’ biomarker results and parental survival, and between biomarker results and eight parental survival PRS at varying p-value cut-offs. Survival in parents was associated with participants’ serum bilirubin, C-reactive protein, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid, and with LDL cholesterol for participants’ fathers but not for their mothers. PRS for all-cause mortality were associated with liver function tests (alkaline phosphatase, butyrylcholinesterase, gamma-glutamyl transferase), metabolic tests (LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid), and acute-phase reactants (C-reactive protein, globulins). Association between offspring biomarker results and parental survival demonstrates the existence of familial effects common to both, while associations between biomarker results and PRS for mortality favor at least a partial genetic cause of this covariation. Identification of genetic loci affecting mortality-associated biomarkers offers a route to the identification of additional loci affecting mortality.
Plant life span and persistence of soil seedbanks predict the emergence of herbicide resistance in noxious weeds
Authors: Hartway Cynthia R. , Ott Jacqueline P. , Grulke Nancy E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPlant control methods have been developed to reduce weed species that are often problematic in agricultural systems. However, these methods can create new challenges, such as herbicide resistance. Determining which plant traits are associated with herbicide resistance can assist managers in identifying species with the potential to develop herbicide resistance and to better understand factors contributing to the evolution of herbicide resistance. We used random forest models to model herbicide resistance of noxious weeds as a function of 10 biological and ecological plant characteristics. Three noxious weed characteristics—plant life span, seedbank persistence, and occurrence in riparian or wetland microsites—predicted herbicide resistance with 87% accuracy. Species with persistent seedbanks and with short life spans (i.e., annuals) that occurred outside riparian or wetland areas were most likely to develop herbicide resistance. Short life spans indicate short generation times enabling faster evolution for herbicide resistance. Persistent seedbanks may increase the survival of resistant genotypes within a population or may be co-selected as an alternate form of escape from control methods. Species occurring in riparian or wetland microsites may be a case of “avoidance” rather than resistance, as managers typically avoid applying herbicide in these areas. Currently, 47 of the noxious weed species analyzed in this study are herbicide resistant, and our models identified an additional 63 species with traits that are highly associated with herbicide resistance, potentially indicating species that are at risk of developing resistance under conducive conditions. Further data-driven analyses with more plant traits and species from around the world could help refine current risk assessment of herbicide-resistance development.
An Analysis of Interhemispheric Transport Pathways Based on Three‐Dimensional Methane Data by GOSAT Observations and Model Simulations
Authors: Belikov Dmitry A. , Saitoh Naoko , Patra Prabir K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInterhemispheric transport (IHT) of airmass is an important parameter for understanding the transport of air pollutants in the troposphere. Although the IHT time of surface emissions is about 1.39 years, the mechanisms and location for transport through the tropics and the role of monsoonal circulations are poorly understood due to lacking observational evidence. This study clarifies the transport pathways that connect the Northern and Southern Hemispheres by analyzing global three‐dimensional distributions of methane (CH4), observed by the thermal infrared (TIR) sensor onboard the Greenhouse gases Observation SATellite (GOSAT), and simulations of an atmospheric chemistry‐transport model (ACTM). CH4 has a chemical lifetime of about 1 year in the tropical troposphere and increased quickly to about 100 years in heights of the tropopause and above, which makes CH4 an ideal species for studying IHT. We found that the most active IHT occurs in the altitude region of the upper troposphere, in a layer of 200 hPa below the tropopause. The IHT over tropical South America and Africa is active almost all year long, while in the Asia region there is significant seasonality caused by the South Asian summer monsoon (ASM). We confirm and clarify the influence of zonally asymmetric heating on IHT in the ASM. We highlight an important role of the monsoon‐induced eddy circulation in the cross‐Equator transport of long‐lived trace gases in the extended zone between tropical Africa and Southeast Asia. The zones of the most active IHT are clearly marked and quantified over the Asian, African, and American continents.
Household income and maternal education in early childhood and risk of overweight and obesity in late childhood: Findings from seven birth cohort studies in six high-income countries
Authors: White Pär Andersson , Awad Yara Abu , Gauvin Lise , Spencer Nicholas James , McGrath Jennifer J. , Clifford Susan A. , Nikiema Béatrice , Yang-Huang Junwen , Goldhaber-Fiebert Jeremy D. , Markham Wolfgang , Mensah Fiona K. , van Grieken Amy , Raat Hein , Jaddoe V. W. V. , Ludvigsson Johnny , Faresjö Tomas ,   EPOCH Collaborative Group, McGrath Jennifer J. , Séguin Louise , Spencer Nicholas J. , Pickett Kate , Raat Hein , Awad Yara Abu , White Pär Andersson , Bai Guannan , Bird Philippa , Clifford Susan A. , Faresjö Åshild , Faresjö Tomas , Francis Kate L. , Gauvin Lise , Goldfeld Sharon , Goldhaber-Fiebert Jeremy D. , Ludvigsson Johnny , Markham Wolfgang , Mensah Fiona K. , Nikiéma Béatrice , O’Connor Elodie , Woolfenden Sue , Yang-Huang Junwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground/objectivesThis study analysed the relationship between early childhood socioeconomic status (SES) measured by maternal education and household income and the subsequent development of childhood overweight and obesity.Subjects/methodsData from seven population-representative prospective child cohorts in six high-income countries: United Kingdom, Australia, the Netherlands, Canada (one national cohort and one from the province of Quebec), USA, Sweden. Children were included at birth or within the first 2 years of life. Pooled estimates relate to a total ofN = 26,565 included children. Overweight and obesity were defined using International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) cut-offs and measured in late childhood (8–11 years). Risk ratios (RRs) and pooled risk estimates were adjusted for potential confounders (maternal age, ethnicity, child sex). Slope Indexes of Inequality (SII) were estimated to quantify absolute inequality for maternal education and household income.ResultsPrevalence ranged from 15.0% overweight and 2.4% obese in the Swedish cohort to 37.6% overweight and 15.8% obese in the US cohort. Overall, across cohorts, social gradients were observed for risk of obesity for both low maternal education (pooled RR: 2.99, 95% CI: 2.07, 4.31) and low household income (pooled RR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.68, 4.30); between-cohort heterogeneity ranged from negligible to moderate (p: 0.300 to < 0.001). The association between RRs of obesity by income was lowest in Sweden than in other cohorts.ConclusionsThere was a social gradient by maternal education on the risk of childhood obesity in all included cohorts. The SES associations measured by income were more heterogeneous and differed between Sweden versus the other national cohorts; these findings may be attributable to policy differences, including preschool policies, maternity leave, a ban on advertising to children, and universal free school meals.
A new electrochemical angular microaccelerometer with integrated sensitive electrodes perpendicular to flow channels
Authors: Liu Bowen , Liang Tian , Qi Wenjie , Zhong Anxiang , Chen Mingwei , Lu Yulan , Chen Jian , Chen Deyong , Wang Junbo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA new electrochemical angular microaccelerometer with integrated sensitive electrodes perpendicular to flow channels was developed in this paper. Based on a liquid inertial mass, an incoming angular acceleration was translated into varied concentrations of reactive ions around sensitive microelectrodes, generating a detection current. Key structural parameters of the sensitive microelectrodes were designed and compared based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. An angular microaccelerometer incorporating sensitive microelectrodes was then fabricated, assembled and characterized, producing a sensitivity of 338 V/(rad/s2), a −3 dB bandwidth of 0.01–10 Hz and a noise level of 4.67 × 10−8 (rad/s2)/Hz1/2 @ 1 Hz. These performances were better than their commercial counterparts based on traditional electrodes and previously reported microaccelerometers based on microsensitive electrodes in parallel with flow channels, which can be applied to measure rotational accelerations in earthquakes and buildings.
Enhancing metabolic activity and differentiation potential in adipose mesenchymal stem cells via high-resolution surface-acoustic-wave contactless patterning
Authors: Martinez Villegas Karina , Rasouli Reza , Tabrizian Maryam 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcoustofluidics has shown great potential for label-free bioparticle patterning with excellent biocompatibility. Acoustofluidic patterning enables the induction of cell–cell interactions, which play fundamental roles in organogenesis and tissue development. One of the current challenges in tissue engineering is not only the control of the spatial arrangement of cells but also the preservation of cell patterns over time. In this work, we developed a standing surface acoustic wave-based platform and demonstrated its capability for the well-controlled and rapid cell patterning of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a high-density homogenous collagen hydrogel. This biocompatible hydrogel is easily UV crosslinked and can be retrieved within 3 min. Acoustic waves successfully guided the cells toward pressure nodal lines, creating a contactless alignment of cells in <5 s in culture media and <1 min in the hydrogel. The acoustically patterned cells in the hydrogel did not show a decrease in cell viability (>90%) 48 h after acoustic induction. Moreover, 45.53% and 30.85% increases in metabolic activity were observed in growth and differentiation media, respectively, on Day 7. On Day 14, a 32.03% change in metabolic activity was observed using growth media, and no significant difference was observed using differentiation media. The alkaline phosphatase activity showed an increase of 80.89% and 24.90% on Days 7 and 14, respectively, for the acoustically patterned cells in the hydrogel. These results confirm the preservation of cellular viability and improved cellular functionality using the proposed high-resolution acoustic patterning technique and introduce unique opportunities for the application of stem cell regenerative patches for the emerging field of tissue engineering.
Tumor suppressive role of microRNA-139-5p in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in bladder cancer through regulation of the KIF3A/p21 axis
Authors: Xiang Ying , Lv Dong , Song Tao , Niu Chao , Wang Ying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe emerging roles of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bladder cancer have recently been identified. This study aims to elucidate the role of microRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) shuttled by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived EVs (BMSCs-EVs) in bladder cancer, with the possible mechanism explored. Expression of miR-139-5p and KIF3A was tested, followed by an analysis of their correlation. EVs were isolated from BMSCs and co-cultured with T24 or BOY-12E cells with miR-139-5p mimic/inhibitor, oe-KIF3A, and/or si-p21 transfected to study the roles of miR-139-5p/KIF3A/p21 in bladder cancer cell functions. A nude mouse model of subcutaneous xenograft tumor was constructed to detect the effect of miR-139-5p in BMSCs-EVs on the tumorigenesis and lung metastasis of bladder cancer cells in vivo. It was identified that miR-139-5p was highly expressed in BMSCs-EVs, but poorly expressed in bladder cancer. BMSCs-EVs transferred miR-139-5p into bladder cancer cells where miR-139-5p inhibited the malignant features of bladder cancer cells in vitro. miR-139-5p in BMSCs-EVs targeted KIF3A and inhibited the expression of KIF3A, thereby activating p21. miR-139-5p in BMSCs-EVs arrested the tumorigenesis and lung metastasis of bladder cancer cells in vivo by modulation of the KIF3A/p21 axis. Altogether, BMSCs-EVs carried miR-139-5p targeted KIF3A to activate p21, thus delaying the occurrence of bladder cancer.
Mid1 is associated with androgen-dependent axonal vulnerability of motor neurons in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
Authors: Ogura Yosuke , Sahashi Kentaro , Hirunagi Tomoki , Iida Madoka , Miyata Takaki , Katsuno Masahisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an adult-onset hereditary neurodegenerative disease caused by the expansions of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Androgen-dependent nuclear accumulation of pathogenic AR protein causes degeneration of lower motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. While the successful induction of SBMA-like pathology has been achieved in mouse models, mechanisms underlying motor neuron vulnerability remain unclear. In the present study, we performed a transcriptome-based screening for genes expressed exclusively in motor neurons and dysregulated in the spinal cord of SBMA mice. We found upregulation of Mid1 encoding a microtubule-associated RNA binding protein which facilitates the translation of CAG-expanded mRNAs. Based on the finding that lower motor neurons begin expressing Mid1 during embryonic stages, we developed an organotypic slice culture system of the spinal cord obtained from SBMA mouse fetuses to study the pathogenic role of Mid1 in SBMA motor neurons. Impairment of axonal regeneration arose in the spinal cord culture in SBMA mice in an androgen-dependent manner, but not in mice with non-CAG-expanded AR, and was either exacerbated or ameliorated by Mid1 overexpression or knockdown, respectively. Hence, an early Mid1 expression confers vulnerability to motor neurons, at least by inducing axonogenesis defects, in SBMA.
SNHG25 facilitates SNORA50C accumulation to stabilize HDAC1 in neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Zeng Huijuan , Pan Jing , Hu Chao , Yang Jiliang , Li Jiahao , Tan Tianbao , Zheng Manna , Shen Yuanchao , Yang Tianyou , Deng Yun , Zou Yan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing studies have pointed out that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and their host genes (SNHGs) have multi-functional roles in cancer progression. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the importance of snoRNA host gene 25 (SNHG25) in neuroblastoma (NB). Hence, we further explored the function and molecular mechanism of SNHG25 in NB. Our study revealed that SNHG25 expression was upregulated in NB cells. Through loss-of-function assays, we discovered that silencing of SNHG25 suppressed NB cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Moreover, we found that SNHG25 positively regulated snoRNA small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 50 C (SNORA50C) in NB cells, and SNORA50C depletion had the same function as SNHG25 silencing in NB cells. Moreover, we proved that SNHG25 recruited dyskerin pseudouridine synthase 1 (DKC1) to facilitate SNORA50C accumulation and associated small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) assembly. In addition, it was manifested that SNHG25 relied on SNORA50C to inhibit ubiquitination of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), thereby elevating HDAC1 expression in NB cells. Further, HDAC1 was proven to be a tumor-facilitator in NB, and SNORA50C contributed to NB cell growth and migration through the HDAC1-mediated pathway. In vivo xenograft experiments further supported that SNHG25 promoted NB progression through SNORA50C/HDAC1 pathway. Our study might provide a novel sight for NB treatment.
Mitochondrial PKM2 deacetylation by procyanidin B2-induced SIRT3 upregulation alleviates lung ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhao Jing , Wang Guorong , Han Kaitao , Wang Yang , Wang Lin , Gao Jinxia , Zhao Sen , Wang Gang , Chen Shengyang , Luo An , Wu Jianlin , Wang Guangzhi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractApoptosis is a critical event in the pathogenesis of lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an important deacetylase predominantly localized in mitochondria, regulates diverse physiological processes, including apoptosis. However, the detailed mechanisms by which SIRT3 regulates lung I/R injury remain unclear. Many polyphenols strongly regulate the sirtuin family. In this study, we found that a polyphenol compound, procyanidin B2 (PCB2), activated SIRT3 in mouse lungs. Due to this effect, PCB2 administration attenuated histological lesions, relieved pulmonary dysfunction, and improved the survival rate of the murine model of lung I/R injury. Additionally, this treatment inhibited hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced A549 cell apoptosis and rescued Bcl-2 expression. Using Sirt3-knockout mice and specific SIRT3 knockdown in vitro, we further found that SIRT3 strongly protects against lung I/R injury. Sirt3 deficiency or enzymatic inactivation substantially aggravated lung I/R-induced pulmonary lesions, promoted apoptosis, and abolished PCB2-mediated protection. Mitochondrial pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) inhibits apoptosis by stabilizing Bcl-2. Here, we found that PKM2 accumulates and is hyperacetylated in mitochondria upon lung I/R injury. By screening the potential sites of PKM2 acetylation, we found that SIRT3 deacetylates the K433 residue of PKM2 in A549 cells. Transfection with a deacetylated mimic plasmid of PKM2 noticeably reduced apoptosis, while acetylated mimic transfection abolished the protective effect of PKM2. Furthermore, PKM2 knockdown or inhibition in vivo significantly abrogated the antiapoptotic effects of SIRT3 upregulation. Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that the SIRT3/PKM2 pathway is a protective target for the suppression of apoptosis in lung I/R injury. Moreover, this study identifies K433 deacetylation of PKM2 as a novel modification that regulates its anti-apoptotic activity. In addition, PCB2-mediated modulation of the SIRT3/PKM2 pathway may significantly protect against lung I/R injury, suggesting a novel prophylactic strategy for lung I/R injury.
CircRNA mmu_circ_0000021 regulates microvascular function via the miR-143-3p/NPY axis and intracellular calcium following ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Xiong Jingjie , Hu Yisen , Liu Yi , Zeng Xiaocong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is associated with a high rate of complications. Restoring microvascular function is crucial for cardiac repair. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the circRNAs repairs microvascular dysfunction are unknown. High-throughput RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to measures circRNA levels in cardiac tissue samples. We found a total of 80 up-regulated and 54 down-regulated differentially expressed circRNAs, of which mmu_circ_0000021 were consistent with bioinformatics predictions. Next, mmu_circ_0000021 knockdown and overexpression were performed to indicate the functional role of mmu_circ_0000021. The interaction of mmu_circ_0000021, miR-143-3p and NPY were evaluated using dual-luciferase assays, RNA pull-down assays and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence were used to determine the presence of leukocytes and changes in microvascular morphology and function. Mechanistically, mmu_circ_0000021 involved in regulating microvascular dysfunction via miR-143-3p by targeting NPY. However, the contraction of microvascular spasm caused by NPY is related to calmodulin. By regulating NPY, Circular RNA (circRNA) further affects microvascular spasm, regulates microcirculation disorders, and restores cardiac function. Our findings highlight a novel role for mmu_circ_0000021 by regulating microvascular function following I/R injury.
Circular RNA circLDLR facilitates cancer progression by altering the miR-30a-3p/SOAT1 axis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Ruoqin , Wang Jiayu , Chen Yanjun , Chen Yuqi , Xi Qinhua , Sun Linqing , Zhang Xueguang , Zhang Guangbo , Ding Xianglin , Shi Tongguo , Chen Weichang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play critical regulatory roles in tumorigenesis, serving as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the contributions of circRNAs to CRC tumorigenesis are unclear. In our study, high expression of circLDLR was found in CRC tissues and cells and was closely associated with the malignant progression and poor prognosis of CRC patients. We demonstrated that circLDLR boosts growth and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, and modulates cholesterol levels in vitro. Mechanistically, we showed that circLDLR competitively binds to miR-30a-3p and prevents it from reducing the SOAT1 level, facilitating the malignant progression of CRC. In sum, our findings illustrate that circLDLR participates in CRC tumorigenesis and metastasis via the miR-30a-3p/SOAT1 axis, serving as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in CRC.