bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of statistical models to determine the age of the deceased and the issue of children’s graves identified by the models as adult burials. Based on the example of burials of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian Culture
Authors: Rajpold Wojciech 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Childhood is the moment in every man’s life when they learn the rules governing the society to which they belong. This process of learning certain principles usually ends when the individual reaches the appropriate age. In primitive communities it was necessary to undergo complex and sometimes painful initiation processes. These moments could be different from one another depending on the community and gender, and what is more, it was often multi-stage. It usually occurred at the age of 14/15 for boys and even a little earlier for girls. It is assumed that up to 60 % of people in the prehistoric populations were under 18 years of age, so it should be assumed that the very moment of initiation could have occurred particularly early. As part of this study, which is the result of NSC grant implemented by the author concerning age and gender determinants in the graves of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian Culture, the author has developed a logit mathematical model that allows to determine on the basis of two variables (vessel size and amount of remains) whether an adult or a child was buried in a given burial. In the case of adults, this model shows very high effectiveness reaching almost 90 %. However, for children, we record ‘only’ 70 % of the correct determinations. There are some indications to believe that among these 30 % false indications there are burials of children who have undergone the initiation process. Confirmation of this thesis and a thorough investigation of this phenomenon are very important because, in a broader source perspective, they can contribute to the discussion on the cultural and biological age in prehistoric populations. It would also create additional opportunities for cooperation between anthropologists and archaeologists, as it is impossible to identify child burials wrongly qualified by the model without the help of the former. In order to verify this regularity, three groups obtained thanks to the model have been assessed in this paper: adults, children correctly indicated by the model and the ones who had been erroneously identified. The tools in the analytical process were various methods of statistical inference, such as: correspondence table, odds ratio chart and chi^2 test. On the basis of the analyses carried out, it was possible to establish that there had been numerous similarities (including similar dimensions and form of urns) between burials of adults and those of children indicated by the model as adults.
Recent progress on fabrication methods of graphene-based membranes for water purification, gas separation, and energy sustainability
Authors: Rehman Faisal , Memon Fida Hussain , Ali Akbar , Khan Shah Masaud , Soomro Faheeda , Iqbal Muzaffar , Thebo Khalid Hussain 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Graphene-based layered materials have got significant interest in membrane technology for water desalination, gas separation, organic nanofiltration, pervaporation, proton exchange applications, etc. and show remarkable results. Up to date, various methods have been developed for fabrication of high performance membrane. Most of them are only suitable for research purposes, but not appropriate for mass transport barrier and membrane applications that require large-area synthesis. In this comprehensive review, we summarized the current synthesis and fabrication methods of graphene-based membranes. Emphasis will be given on fabrication of both graphene-based nanoporous and lamellar membranes. Finally, we discuss the current engineering hurdles and future research directions yet to be explored for fabrication of such membranes.
On the spread of outerplanar graphs
Authors: Gotshall Daniel , O’Brien Megan , Tait Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The spread of a graph is the difference between the largest and most negative eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. We show that for sufficiently large

n

n

, the

n

n

-vertex outerplanar graph with maximum spread is a vertex joined to a linear forest with

Ω

(

n

)

\Omega \left(n)

edges. We conjecture that the extremal graph is a vertex joined to a path on

n
−
1

n-1

vertices.
„Abolish Economists!“
Authors: Wehrs Nikolai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Welchen Anteil hatten Formate der Populärkultur an der Renaissance des politischen Konservatismus nach 1968? Die Britcom „Yes Minister“ (1980–1988) gilt gemeinhin als linke Satire auf den Elitismus des britischen Civil Service. Nikolai Wehrs zeigt dagegen auf, wie zielgerichtet die Autoren der TV-Serie das linke Anti-Establishment-Narrativ mit einem neuen Mittelklassenpopulismus verschmolzen und damit einen politisch-kulturellen Möglichkeitsraum für die konservative Ideologie des Thatcherismus schufen. Zugleich, so die These, lassen sich an „Yes Minister“ zentrale Wandlungsprozesse des britischen Konservatismus unter der Ägide von Margaret Thatcher in den 1980er Jahren untersuchen.
Vertrauen in digitale Technik. Der Einfluss mobiler Apps auf die Bereitschaft zur Verhaltensänderung
Authors: Weyer Johannes , Cepera Kay 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDie folgende Abhandlung geht den Fragen nach, wie mobile Apps im Alltag genutzt werden und inwiefern die Nutzer*innen bereit sind, ihr Verhalten aufgrund der Empfehlungen dieser Apps zu ändern. Ausgehend von der These, dass das Vertrauen in die Apps und deren Anbieter ein entscheidender Faktor ist, wurde ein mehrdimensionales Vertrauenskonzept entwickelt und in das Technikakzeptanzmodell TAM integriert. Eine Online-Befragung bestätigte, dass die Bereitschaft zur Verhaltensänderung groß ist und das Vertrauen in die Apps, die App-Anbieter, aber auch in Institutionen des Datenschutzes eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Zudem wirken sich insbesondere Kompetenzerwartungen sowie die Reputation der Apps positiv auf das Vertrauen aus. Weder die Nutzungshäufigkeit noch negative Erfahrungen oder die Datenschutzsensibilität haben einen vergleichbaren Effekt.
Perspektiven industrieller Produktionstechnik
Authors: Uhlmann Eckart 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wissenschaftliche Forschung muß sich noch stärker an den Anforderungen des Marktes orientieren, um für die Industrie strategischer Entwicklungspartner zu sein. Die produktionstechnische Forschung hat hierbei eine Vorreiterrolle übernommen.
Optimierungspotential beim Schmieden von Zahnrädern
Authors: Doege Eckart , Bohnsack Rüdiger 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Die Präzisionsumformung von Verzahnungen gewinnt immer stärker an Bedeutung. Bedingung für eine wirtschaftlich und technologisch sinnvolle Umsetzung dieser innovativen Technologie ist die umfassende Kenntnis der wesentlichen Einflußgrößen auf die Qualität des geschmiedeten Zahnrads. Im folgenden Beitrag wird anhand mehrerer Beispielgeometrien das Präzisionsschmieden von schrägverzahnten Zahnrädern analysiert.
Novel Elevator Overspeed Governor Design and Multibody Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Cenitagoya A. , Remirez A. , Cabello M. , Esnal I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Overspeed governors are the crucial safety elements that have allowed the popularization of elevators for the last two centuries, being their main function to securely activate the safety breaks of the cab in an overspeed situation such as a failure in the machine or a rope break. The design of these elements has barely changed in the industry and still relays on a cam follower design that stops rotating when centrifugal forces reach a critical point. Such a design of multiple parts with relative motion induces wear, produces noise, and can even lead to availability reduction. In this paper, the design process and the multibody dynamic (MBD) analysis of a novel overspeed governor concept are presented, with the objective to reduce moving parts and improve the performance and robustness of the solution. A group of partitioners and experienced designers along with industrial partners have analyzed new creative designs, and a new governor typology is presented. Owing to the standard required sensitivity of the governor, a deep MBD analysis is performed to precisely define optimal design parameters. The proposed design has fewer moving parts and therefore is more resilient, reducing the possibilities of failure and the maintenance needs and therefore being a more cost-efficient solution. Optimization techniques have been implemented to fit design parameters and evaluate robustness. Additionally, the effect of manufacturing- or wear-induced clearances is analyzed for the traditional and the novel governor concepts, proving that the new concept is safer in the long term. The adopted design and analysis methodology can also be used for the improvement or definition of new overspeed governors.
Russian Old Believers: traditions and innovations
Authors: Pozdeeva Irina V. 
Published: March 2022

The worldview of all Old Believers’ groups is based on a fundamental traditionalism. One of them strictly monitor its performance in everything associated with the faith; the other ones claim that following the ancient tradition is needed in the majority or prevalence of social, family relations and even in everyday life. But in a number of cases, adherence to the traditional way is a characteristic of the entire Old Believers’ community. Therefore, it is important to trace the changes or fading of the tradition in Old Believers’ communities according to changes in geographical, historical and social conditions of life. An attempt to trace a real life in the traditions through centuries is made in the proposed article on the topic of the phenomena of the Pomor Old Believers’ communities of Verkhokamye.
Konstantin Moseichev — icon painter of the Transfiguration almshouse in Moscow
Authors: Maltseva Daria E. 
Published: March 2022

The article examines the icons recently discovered in private, museum and church collections with the monogram “K.M.” on the backside, all dated around the 1890s. Based on a comparative analysis of these inscriptions with the signed icon by Konstantin Moseichev from the collection of the Kirov local history museum, his authorship was established in relation to the entire group of the examined pieces. In this article their existence among the Old Believers Fedoseevtsy (after Feodosiy Vasilyev (1661 — 1711) is traced and the conclusion is drawn that the icon painter belongs to the masters of the Transfiguration almshouse in Moscow.
Stereotyping ideal Woman in American blogs
Authors: Lyubymova Svitlana 
Published: March 2022

Abstract: An ideal woman stereotype presents a verbalized standard of what is most desirable in a woman. A middle class housewife, who fanatically pursues her goal to be an ideal woman is designated the Stepford Wife. She is a diligent mother, a conscious citizen, an attractive woman, and an obedient wife. The study presents qualitative analysis of American blogs. Conversational tone, the author’s stance orientation, and freedom of speech approximate linguistic material to that received experimentally. Based on implicit assumptions and evaluative characteristics, psycholinguistic profile of the Stepford Wife presents attitudinal ambivalence: housewife’s positively assessed qualities come along with criticized subordination of a wife to her husband. Verbal, situational, and associative types of irony convey criticism and sneer at the Stepford Wife. The text graphic execution and illustrations used in blogs emphasize emotionally colored focal points of the utterances.

Keywords: stereotype; Stepford Wife; modern media discourse; American blogs; attitudinal ambivalence; different types of irony.
Validating Scliar’s early literacy system: A grapheme-phoneme relation
Authors: Scliar-Cabral Leonor 
Published: March 2022

The main purpose is discussing Scliar’s Early Literacy Development System (SSA) first validity evidence. Method: Sixteen subjects (10 girls and 6 boys) comprised the Experimental Group, EG (mean age 6.02) and 16 subjects (7 girls and 9 boys) formed the Control Group, CG (mean age 6.10). At the experiment beginning, the EG was submitted to an intervention program based on SSA. Two master degree students developed the experiment, guided by Scliar-Cabral, during 2011. They visited the EG’s school twice each week. After this intervention, both groups read aloud a list of 38 pseudo-words with four or five graphemes, one of the tasks composing the Battery of Reception and Production of Verbal Language (Scliar-Cabral, 2003b, 119-250). Each pseudo-word was signaled by the experimenter. The task was designed to assess children’s ability to convert a grapheme into its correspondent phoneme. Results: Using the confidence level of 5% (α = 0.05), with freedom (df) degree 30, we obtained a p- value of 0.01 as a result of a t test (independent samples, two-tailed test, equal variances). This value is below the limit for the null hypothesis acceptance, that is p > α = 5%. Thus, there is no more than 1% chance that the differences between the data averages from the two classes are randomly determined. The effect size was large, with a Cohen’s d value of 0.97. Test results indicate that SSA application influenced the experimental group performance
La implantación de una Unidad de Manejo de la Vida Silvestre de manglar y la construcción de sujetos ambientales locales en una zona de humedales marino-costeros en el Golfo de México
Authors: Gutiérrez-Campo Rubén , Velázquez-Hernández Emilia 
Published: March 2022

This article describes and analyzes the impact of mangrove protection/conservation policies regarding the Alvarado Lagoon System (ALS), in the Gulf Coast of Mexico, specifically the Costa de San Juan ejido, in the municipality of Alvarado, Veracruz. The paper focuses on how the State, with its laws and government programs, generates differentiated changes in the perception and management of the mangrove, and the territorial organization of the ejido. Therefore, we discuss the creation of local environmental subjects in the context of implementing a Wildlife Management Unit as part of the conservation policies of the Mexican State.
A comparative study of the effect of topical 0.03% tacrolimus plus 1% topical prednisolone with 1% topical prednisolone alone in preventing rejection after penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: Yadav Priti , Bhaisare Vijay , Rawat Preeti , Walia Shweta , Kori Neetu , Gautam Manushree 
Published: March 2022

Immunologic corneal allograft rejection represents one of the main cause for graft failure. This study was conducted to observe and comparing the beneficial effect of topical 0.03% tacrolimus on corneal graft survival.To compare the effect of topical 0.03% tacrolimus plus 1% topical prednisolone with 1% topical prednisolone alone in preventing rejection after PK.40 patients were randomly allocated into two groups:Group A: patients received 0.03% topical tacrolimus ointment twice daily for a month plus 1% prednisolone acetate eye drops 2 hourly and tapered monthly. Group B: patients received 1% prednisolone acetate eye drop only 2 hourly and tapered monthly.The clinical outcomes were assessed in terms of post-op complications, graft rejection, and visual acuity after 6 months of follow-up. SPSS software, 20.0 version, IBM, Chicago were used for statistical analysis.Out of 40 patients, 29 (72.5%) were male and 11(27.5%) were female. Type of surgery and continuous suture closure was found to be statistically significant (p-value &#60; 0.05) with post-op visual acuity in both groups. Types of graft rejection were found to be statistically significant (p-value &#60; 0.05) with enucleation transplantation time(hours) in both groups and with secondary glaucoma (p = &#60;0.001) in group A.We conclude that 0.03% topical tacrolimus ointment along with 1% topical prednisolone shows promising results and can be considered as an effective modality for preventing complications like secondary glaucoma, graft rejection, and getting the better visual outcome, where p-value (&#60;0.05) was statistically significant.All patients should be instructed with regards to the reasonable use of topical tacrolimus to avoid any side effects.
Visual outcome of single piece yellow tinted hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens: A hospital based prospective observational study
Authors: Chada Swarochi , Bosco Arokiam John , Kavitha R Josephine , Raman Malarmozhie 
Published: March 2022

To evaluate the visual outcome of single piece yellow tinted hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) following phacoemulsification.A single center, hospital based, prospective, observational study. Eligible patients with significant cataract, underwent phacoemulsification with implantation of single piece yellow tinted hydrophobic acrylic IOL. Patients followed up for 6 months. Pre and post-operative assessment of UDVA, CDVA was done and documented in LogMAR values. Contrast sensitivity by Pelli-Robson chart, refraction by Auto refractometer was evaluated pre and post operatively. Post-operative evaluation of glistening and PCO done by slit lamp examination. Glare evaluated by pen-torch contrast sensitivity method. Adverse events documented on regular follow-up.132 patients were enrolled in the study. Majority of the subjects (97.7%) achieved expected visual outcome of LogMAR 0.0-0.2 on final follow-up day. Statistically significant improvement in contrast sensitivity noted in 99.2% of our patients. The mean refractive spherical equivalent at 180 days was 0.10±0.81. The incidence of glistening was 3.8% at 180 days follow up. Glare was present in 4.6% subjects on first operative day, 3% on 3rd and decreased to 0.8% on 7th postoperative day. None of our patients complained of glare after 1 month. The incidence of PCO and adverse events was 0.8% and 15.2% respectively, on last postoperative follow-up.Implantation of single piece yellow tinted hydrophobic acrylic IOL provides expected visual outcome, refractive stability, enhances contrast sensitivity with minimal glistening, glare and adverse events. The square edge design of the hydrophobic lens reduces incidence of posterior capsular opacification.
Ocular effects of mobile phone radiation
Authors: Mittal Sanjeev Kumar , Rana Rimpi , Puthalath Athul , Agrawal Ajai , Gupta Neeti , Mittal Sunita 
Published: March 2022

: To find out the adverse effects of prolonged mobile phone radiation on the users’ eyes. : A convenience sample of 200 adults visiting our out-patient’s services with 20/20 vision was randomly recruited for this study. The ipsilateral eye on the preferred side during talking was considered as the preferred side and the other as non-preferred side. All participants underwent Schirmer’s test (S1T), Tear film break-up time (TBUT), central corneal thickness (CCT) and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements for comparison on both the sides. The approximate cumulative duration of the talk time (hours/day) while keeping the phone over the ear was recorded.: The mean age of participants was 25.1+5.4 years and 124 (62%) preferred to use the right ear for telephonic conversations. The TBUT (19 + 2.7 vs. 20 + 3 seconds), Schirmer’s (21.5 + 2.8 vs. 22.6 + 2.5 mm), p &#60;0.001 for both and CCT (527 + 20 vs. 530 + 19µ) (p= 0.005) were significantly lower in the preferred side. Multivariable linear regression showed that speaking on the phone for longer periods lead to slightly lower ipsilateral TBUT (0.31 seconds lower TBUT with every 1-hour increment in talk time, 95%CI= -0.67 to 0.03 seconds, p=0.07)but not Schirmer’s values.: Mobile phone use affects the tear fluid dynamics (TBUT and S1T) and the corneal thickness of the eye. Thus, any of the radiations or thermal effect or both from the mobile phones can affect the eye and its structures. Further studies are needed to address these consequences.
CBC an indicator of development of retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Bhoi Sachala , Devi Sabita , Jena Swikruti 
Published: March 2022

To detect the association of complete blood count with retinopathy of prematurity. A prospective cohort study from May 2020-April 2021. Preterm infants having Gestation Age&#60;34 weeks and birth weight &#60;1750grams were included. All preterm babies CBC were done at birth. Ocular examination was done in all preterm babies after 3 weeks of birth and divided into two group one with ROP and other non-ROP.Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between the ROP vs non-ROP group and p value &#60;0.05 was taken as statistically significant. 150 preterm infants were screened for ROP out of which 47 were having ROP and 103 no any sign of ROP. The mean GA was 31 Weeks and mean birth weight was 1300 grams of ROP group. The mean Hb of ROP Group was 9.8g/dl as compared to Non-ROP Group having mean Hb-11.4g/dl (p&#60;0.05) and MCH, PLT, MCV all were lower in ROP group as compared to non-ROP. CRP and leukocyte were higher in ROP Group as compared to non-ROP. As Hb and MCH plays an principal role in oxygen transport, low levels of these may cause increased vascular endothelial growth factor secretion from the hypoxic retina, leading to ROP. In our study we found that Retinopathy of prematurity infants were having lower Hb, MCH as compared to non-ROP Group.
A study of ophthalmic co-morbidities in mild to moderate cases of COVID- 19 infection
Authors: Mehrotra Neelima , Rizvi Sara , Bajpai Amrita , Dewal Tripti 
Published: March 2022

To study the ophthalmic co-morbidities and post- COVID ophthalmic complications in mild to moderate COVID positive patients. This was a questionnaire based prospective longitudinal study conducted between August 2020 and December 2020. In the first phase, an ophthalmologist in personal protective equipment (PPE) physically visited the patients and a pre-designed structured questionnaire regarding any ophthalmic complaints was filled and scoring was done later. In the second phase, the patients were telephonically interviewed after 3-6 months of their discharge from the hospital, regarding the development of ocular symptoms for which they needed to consult an ophthalmologist and the treatment taken was noted. 9% of the total 77 patients included in the study reported severe symptoms (scores between 17-24/24). On comparing the mean questionnaire scores (out of 24) it was seen that more severe ophthalmic complaints were seen in patients aged &#62;= 50 years than &#60;50 years (11.35 vs 5.75, p&#60;0.05), moderate category than mild category patients (11.70 vs 3.63, p&#60;0.05), patients with systemic co-morbidities than those who had none (11.48 vs 4.04, p&#60;0.05) and in patients who later needed to consult an ophthalmologist due to development of one or more complications than those who did not.(13.27 vs 6.63, p&#60;0.05).Post- COVID complications were seen in 27 patients (35%). They included progression of pre-existing ocular disease like cataract, glaucoma, diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy, and new diagnosis of diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy and HCQ- related maculopathy. Ocular co-morbidities should be looked for in every COVID patient. Those at higher risk of developing complications, should undergo a detailed ophthalmic examination after they are discharged from the isolation wards. Hospitals need to work on capacity building and/or look for alternatives, like telemedicine, to ensure timely eye care to all patients.