bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impairment of induction chemotherapy for stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy: A propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Lai YuLin , Wang ChengTao , Yang XingLi , He ShaSha , Wang Yan , Chen Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the efficacy of induction chemotherapy (IC) plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).MethodsTotally, 450 eligible patients with staged II NPC on the basis of the 8th edition of the AJCC/UICC TNM staging system were eventually included from January 2010 to September 2020. The one‐to‐one propensity score‐matched (1:1 PSM) analysis was employed to balance variables. We conducted univariate and multivariate analysis of survival to identify prognostic factors and demonstrated the findings in the matching cohort.ResultsIn total, 141 pairs were selected by 1:1 PSM. IC + CCRT group in the matched data decreased 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS, 75.5% vs. 88.0%, p = 0.032) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS, 86.0% vs. 96.5%, p = 0.009). There was no significant difference in 5‐year overall survival (OS, 93.8% vs. 95.6%, p = 0.192) and locoregional relapse‐free survival (LRRFS, 87.1% vs. 94.3%, p = 0.169) compared with RT/CCRT. Multivariate analysis indicated that IC + CCRT was associated with significantly poor PFS (p = 0.024) and DMFS (p = 0.010). High neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (>4.1) was negatively associated with OS (p = 0.034), PFS (p = 0.017) and DMFS (p = 0.001).ConclusionAdding IC to CCRT or IMRT alone has decreased PFS and DMFS, therefore, IC should not be recommended in stage II NPC patients. No significant differences in OS and LRRFS were observed in stage II disease.
Cancer and psychiatric diagnoses in the year preceding suicide
Authors: Kahn Geoffrey D. , Tam Samantha H. , Felton Julia W. , Westphal Joslyn , Simon Gregory E. , Owen‐Smith Ashli A. , Rossom Rebecca C. , Beck Arne L. , Lynch Frances L. , Daida Yihe G. , Lu Christine Y. , Waring Stephen , Frank Cathrine B. , Akinyemi Esther O. , Ahmedani Brian K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cancer are known to be at increased risk for suicide but little is known about the interaction between cancer and psychiatric diagnoses, another well‐documented risk factor.MethodsElectronic medical records from nine healthcare systems participating in the Mental Health Research Network were aggregated to form a retrospective case–control study, with ICD‐9 codes used to identify diagnoses in the 1 year prior to death by suicide for cases (N = 3330) or matching index date for controls (N = 297,034). Conditional logistic regression was used to assess differences in cancer and psychiatric diagnoses between cases and controls, controlling for sex and age.ResultsAmong patients without concurrent psychiatric diagnoses, cancer at disease sites with lower average 5‐year survival rates were associated with significantly greater relative risk, while cancer disease sites with survival rates of >70% conferred no increased risk. Patients with most psychiatric diagnoses were at higher risk, however, there was no additional risk conferred to these patients by a concurrent cancer diagnosis.ConclusionWe found no evidence of a synergistic effect between cancer and psychiatric diagnoses. However, cancer patients with a concurrent psychiatric illness remain at the highest relative risk for suicide, regardless of cancer disease site, due to strong independent associations between psychiatric diagnoses and suicide. For patients without a concurrent psychiatric illness, cancer disease sites associated with worse prognoses appeared to confer greater suicide risk.
Craft a compelling narrative for grant funding success
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: September 2022

LAS VEGAS — “I spent about 16 years at Syracuse University, in their emergency communications department. In [this] my former job, ‘no’ was never an option. I had to find a solution [to whatever problem we faced]. Grant funding is similar,” Shannon Day, Grants Development Consultant, Grants Office, LLC, said.
Genetic and agronomic zinc biofortification modify processing and nutritional quality of common wheat
Authors: Ahsin Muhammad , Pasha Imran , Liaquat Marrium , Amir Mamoona 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe combined genetic and agronomic zinc (Zn) biofortification of wheat is effective in minimizing Zn deficiency‐related issues, but its milling efficiency, baking quality, and effectiveness to improve animals' Zn status are unknown. We, therefore, studied Zincol‐2016 (genetically Zn‐biofortified wheat) Zn nutrition, suitability for milling, and rheological properties; both with and without soil Zn application.FindingsHigher test weight and extraction rate suggest that Zincol‐2016 is better suited (p < .0001) for milling, however its significantly lower gluten content and water absorption shows poor suitability for baking. More dietary Zn supply and higher Zn levels in blood and tissues confirm improved (p < .001) Zn nutrition trait of Zincol‐2016, and that's further enhanced (p < .001) by soil Zn application.ConclusionCultivation of Zincol‐2016, on Zn‐deficient soil, with Zn application for optimum grain yield can improve wheat Zn nutrition but not up to desired levels, however, higher rates may achieve adequate Zn levels. Low protein content may limit Zincol‐2016 application in baking industry, thus protein traits must be focused in genetic biofortification.Significance and NoveltyOur research may help millers and bakers intending to meet Zn‐biofortified products demand, and the breeders trying to replace standard cultivars.
Respiratory questionnaire‐based analysis of awareness of COPD in a large multicenter rural population‐based study in India
Authors: Patil Shital , Patil Rajesh , Bhise Mukund , Jadhav Anil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a more prevalent chronic lung disease with a significant health burden, and the majority of these cases receive inadequate treatment.MethodsProspective, observational, interview (questionnaire) based complete workup COPD study, screened 12,000 cases with chronic respiratory symptoms with cough, sputum production, and shortness of breath. A total of 6000 COPD cases were enrolled after the spirometry test. COPD cases were assessed as disease knowledge and methods of treatment offered by applying questionnaires to patients and treating physicians.ResultsIn the present study, 3% of study cases were aware of their COPD illness, 54% were not having knowledge about the disease, and 43% cases were not accepting the COPD diagnosis (p < 0.0001). A total of 58% of cases received inhalation treatment as levosalbutamol monotherapy in 31% cases, levosalbutamol plus beclometasone in 18% cases, and formoterol plus budesonide or salmeterol plus fluticasone only in 9% of COPD cases (p < 0.0001). Total 42% cases received oral treatment as theophylline in 16% cases, salbutamol in 7% cases, oral steroids in 19% cases (p < 0.0001).Conclusion“Doctor–patient–drug trio” discordance clubbed as “difficult doctor, difficult patient, and difficult treatment” is a very crucial issue observed during diagnosis and management of COPD in peripheral settings in India.
New Strategy for Optimizing the Properties of Copper Halide Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Lighting‐emitting Materials
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhou Zhennan , Li Haibo , Lv Yi , Tong Hua , Zhu Jialin , Ouyang Gangfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCopper(I) halide organic‐inorganic hybrid luminescent materials have many advantages, such as diverse structure, facile synthesis, high luminescent efficiency, tunable optical performance, etc., and show a broad application prospect in energy‐saving lighting, display and other fields. However, compared with commercial rare‐earth‐metal‐based phosphors, the reported hybrids generally suffer from poor stability and low luminescent efficiency, which are the bottleneck problem of their practical application. With the aim of developing high‐performance organic‐inorganic hybrid luminescent materials, a new synthesis strategy has been reported. This strategy can systematically design and synthesis copper(I) halide ionic hybrid structures by combining the covalent bonding and ionic bonding between inorganic and organic components into one structure, and use their synergistic effect to optimizing their properties. This design method is expected to develop high‐performance organic‐inorganic hybrid luminescent materials, promote the in‐depth understanding of this field, and provide new ideas for the optimization of other types of hybrid materials.
Experimental study on the drainage gas recovery of an environmentally friendly nanofluid in tight gas reservoirs
Authors: Guowei Qin , Qingping Liu , Xiaohui Li , Saisai Sun , Wenlong Qin , Mei Wu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe efficiency of gas recovery in tight gas reservoirs has been a challenge in the oil and gas industry for the past decade because conventional drainage or water‐controlled gas recovery technologies typically have poor performance in low‐permeability reservoirs. To solve this problem, self‐made nanofluid was introduced to enhance drainage gas recovery in a tight gas reservoir. In this paper, nanofluid was prepared by phase reversal technology for application in a tight gas reservoir. Its thermal, acidic, alkaline, and salty stabilities were systematically investigated by using light transmittance as a shortcut index. At the same time, its biodegradability and biotoxicity were evaluated based on the industry/national standard, and the effectiveness of its drainage gas recovery was studied by dynamic gas–water percolation. The results showed that the self‐made nanofluid can be effectively used for drainage gas recovery in tight gas reservoirs. The nanofluid has chemical stability and is environmentally friendly, which fully conforms to the contemporary development trend of the oil and gas industry. The nanofluid can shift the isotonic point of the gas–water relative permeability to the left (its minimum is 1.83% at 6.25 wt.% and maximum is 4.78% at 100 wt.%) and reduce the irreducible water saturation (its minimum is 8.84% at 6.25 wt.% and maximum is 4.28% at 100 wt.%), achieving the purpose of the enhancement of drainage gas recovery. The research results provide technical support for the application of nanofluid to improve the gas production in tight gas reservoirs.
Piperazine‐Modified Ketoconazole Derivatives Show Increased Activity against Fungal and Trypanosomatid Pathogens
Authors: Štěpánek Ondřej , Čmoková Adéla , Procházková Eliška , Grobárová Valéria , Černý Jan , Slapničková Martina , Zíková Alena , Kolařík Miroslav , Baszczyňski Ondřej 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKetoconazole (KTZ) is an imidazole drug applied topically to treat numerous skin infections. However, as a systemic antifungal, KTZ′ efficacy and safety no longer justify its use as a first‐line treatment. Azole conjugates often display higher solubility and better antifungal activities than their parent azoles. Accordingly, we aimed at developing suitable linkers for clickable azole conjugation with a second antifungal molecule, and targeted drug delivery towards improving antifungal activity. For its low price and high availability, we selected KTZ as a molecular scaffold to introduce such chemical modifications. We prepared a series of piperazine‐modified KTZ derivatives and we evaluated their in vitro antifungal and antitrypanosomal activity against fourteen strains of pathogenic fungi and two strains of Trypanosoma parasites. Several compounds were more effective against the pathogens than KTZ. Compound 5 was 24 times more potent against Aspergillus flavus and 8 times more potent against A. fumigatus than KTZ, with similarly low cytotoxicity to HEK cells up to 100 μM. Derivative 6 had 9‐ and 7‐fold higher activity against T. brucei gambiense and T. brucei brucei than KTZ, respectively, and inhibited trypanosoma growth at single micromolar EC50 values. Combined, our findings will foster further research of piperazine‐modified KTZs as promising antifungal and antiparasitic drugs towards enhancing the properties of both KTZ and other azole derivatives.
Fuzzy optimization based detection of attacker nodes in wireless networks using deep neural network
Authors: Daniel Jesline , Anita Rose J. T. , Francelin Vinnarasi F. Sangeetha 
Published: September 2022

SummaryNowadays, information security attacks are emerging as the main threat to network behavior. The deployment of sensor nodes in the open environment will be subjected to various kinds of DoS attacks and it needs to be analyzed. In this article, we considered two attacks namely, black hole attack and wormhole attack. The number of sensor nodes in the wireless network deployed in the network is taken as input data. Data packet drop and transmission latency are considered as two significant drawbacks of black hole and wormhole attack. Therefore, to conquer such limitations, the deep neural network based fuzzy imperialist competitive algorithm (DNN‐FICA) is developed which accurately detects the presence of attacker node in the wireless network. Here, the FICA approach is utilized to optimize the weights of DNN. The simulation is conducted using MATLAB software considering the performance metrics such as detection rate, packet delivery ratio, energy consumption, network lifetime, end‐to‐end delay, communication overhead, throughput, and residual energy. The comparative results are carried out and the result analysis proved that the proposed DNN‐FICA technique achieved greater overall performance than other compared methods.
A blockchain anonymity solution to prevent location homogeneity attacks
Authors: Liu Zhenpeng , Liu Qiannan , Miao Dewei , Ren Lele , Zhao Yonggang 
Published: September 2022

SummaryLocation‐based services currently face two critical issues: an insufficient number of anonymous users and the problem of location semantic homogeneity. To prevent location homogeneity attacks, we suggest a blockchain‐based anonymization approach. This scheme introduces blockchain to store the anonymous process of the requesting user and collaborating user as evidence, establishes an incentive mechanism to promote cooperation between the two parties, and then selects users who meet the semantic threshold through the location semantic tree to construct the final anonymous set. The security analysis and simulation experiments demonstrate that the scheme suggested in this article can effectively motivate and constrain each user. The semantic security value is close to the maximum value of 1, preventing homogeneity attacks caused by location semantics and protecting users' location privacy.
Toward Stable Al Negative Electrodes of Aluminum‐Ion Batteries: Kinetic Parameters and Electrode Structure
Authors: Li Na , She Dongmei , Zhang Kailun , Chen Hao‐Sen , Song Wei‐Li , Jiao Shuqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRechargeable aluminum‐ion batteries have attracted significant attention as candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices owing to their high theoretical capacity, safe performance, and abundance of raw materials. Al metal is the best option as the negative electrode, while its issues such as dendrite growth and corrosion accompanying hydrogen evolution in ionic liquid electrolyte have been seriously overlooked. Understanding the electrochemical mechanism of the surface evolution behavior of Al metal is a vital pathway for solving these issues. Kinetic parameters and electrode structure are the two key parameters that affect the surface evolution behavior of Al negative electrodes. Herein, the qualitative relationship between the kinetic parameters and surface evolution behavior of the Al negative electrode was established through a combination of in‐situ optical technology and multi‐physical field numerical simulation method. The key kinetic parameters, including ion concentration and transfer coefficient, exhibited different laws of influence on the surface evolution behavior, such as dendrite growth and corrosion. The electrochemical mechanism on the surface evolution was explored to guide the optimization design of Al‐ion batteries. Based on the coupling design of the electrode structure and kinetic parameters, a highly stable porous aluminum structure composed of Al powder with a particle size of 100 μm was constructed to obtain highly stable and high‐performance aluminum‐ion batteries. This method provides new sight into the design of high‐performance aluminum‐ion batteries.
EPO and the athlete biological passport: Hematological results from a placebo‐controlled, boosting and microdose EPO administration in male recreational athletes
Authors: Miller Geoffrey D. , Husk Jacob , Crouch Andre K. , Eichner Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHematological results in the context of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP) from a placebo‐controlled EPO administration study are provided here. Twelve participants administered eight subcutaneous boosting doses of epoetin alfa (at 40 IU/kg) over the course of 20 days. After a 10‐day washout period, the same volunteers administered six microdoses (900 IU), intravenously, over 13 days. A blinded placebo cohort followed the same dosing pattern, administering saline instead of EPO. All participants supplemented with oral iron, daily, throughout the entirety of the study. In the EPO cohort, as expected, significant changes from baseline were identified in IRF, RET#, RET%, RDW, HCT, HGB, and RBC. No meaningful changes were identified in the placebo cohort population. From the ABP perspective, atypical passport findings (ATPF) were identified in 49% of the samples collected during the boosting and initial washout phases, and 24% of the samples during the microdosing and final washout phases. ATPFs from this cohort were flagged as late as Day 70, the final day of the study. Only a single ATPF was identified from all samples collected from the placebo cohort. ABPs from all volunteers in the study are provided as an avenue to visually convey differences in magnitude and timing of the hematological changes caused by EPO on the individual level. These data are expected to provide important content for Athlete Passport Management Units and ABP expert panels alike.
Sexual size dimorphism and male reproductive traits vary across populations of a tropical rainforest dung beetle species (Onthophagus babirussa)
Authors: Toh Kai Xin , Yap Sean , Goh Thary Gazi , Puniamoorthy Nalini 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSexual size dimorphism (SSD) arises when natural selection and sexual selection act differently on males and females. Male‐biased SSD is rarer in insects and usually indicates strong sexual selection pressure on male body size in a species. Patterns of SSD can also vary between populations of species that are exposed to different environmental conditions, such as differing resource availability and diversity. Here, we investigate intraspecific variation in SSD as well as relative investment in precopulatory (horn length) and postcopulatory traits (sperm length and testes weight) in a tropical rainforest dung beetle Onthophagus babirussa across Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Overall, three out of four populations displayed significant male‐biased SSD, and SSD was greater in populations with smaller overall body size. Average male body size was similar across all populations while female body size was significantly smaller in Singapore, suggesting that the pronounced SSD may also be due to stronger sexual selection on male body size in Singapore populations. All populations showed significant investment in horns as a weapon likely used in male‐male competition, while postcopulatory traits showed no clear scaling relationship with body size, suggesting a higher priority on precopulatory sexual traits in the mating system of this species.
Niche and range dynamics of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), a globally cultivated invasive tree
Authors: Cao Runyao , Gong Xiang , Feng Jianmeng , Yang Rujing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ecological niche concept has provided insights into various areas in ecology and biogeography. Although there remains much controversy regarding whether species niches are conserved across space and time, many recent studies have suggested that invasive species conserve their climatic niche between native and introduced ranges; however, whether the climatic niche of cultivated invasive species, whose niches are strongly affected by human activities, are conserved between native and introduced ranges remains unclear. Additionally, the range dynamics of invasive species in their native and introduced regions have not been extensively studied. Here, we investigated the niche and range dynamics of Tasmanian blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), a globally cultivated invasive tree, using ecological niche models and niche dynamic analyses. The most important factors affecting the niche changes between native and introduced Tasmanian blue gum were max temperature of the warmest month and precipitation of the wettest month. The climate niche was not conserved between introduced and native range Tasmanian blue gum; moreover, the niche area of the former was ca. 7.4 times larger than that of the latter, as introduced Tasmanian blue gum could survive in hotter, colder, wetter, and drier climates. In addition, the potential range of introduced Tasmanian blue gum was ca. 32 times larger than that of its native counterpart. Human introduction and cultivation may play a key role in the niche and range expansion of introduced Tasmanian blue gum. Given that small increases in niche area can result in large range expansions, the niche expansion of an invasive species could be used to evaluate invasion risk, which might even be more sensitive than range expansions.
Rising temperatures threaten pollinators of fig trees—Keystone resources of tropical forests
Authors: van Kolfschoten Lisette , Dück Lovisa , Lind Martin I. , Jandér K. Charlotte 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPollinating insects are decreasing worldwide in abundance, biomass, and species richness, affecting the plants that rely on pollinators for fruit production and seed set. Insects are often sensitive to high temperatures. The projected temperature increases may therefore severely affect plants that rely on insect pollinators. Highly specialized mutualisms are expected to be particularly vulnerable to change because they have fewer partner options should one partner become unavailable. In the highly specialized mutualism between fig trees and their pollinating fig wasp, each fig species is pollinated by only one or a few wasp species. Because of their year‐round fruit production, fig trees are considered a keystone resource for tropical forests. However, to produce fruits, wild fig trees need to be pollinated by fig wasps that typically travel a long one‐way trip from the tree donating pollen to the tree receiving pollen. In a few previous studies from China and Australia, increasing temperatures dramatically decreased fig wasp lifespan. Are these grim results generalizable to fig mutualisms globally? Here, we use survival experiments to determine the effect of increasing temperature on the lifespan of Neotropical fig wasps associated with five common PanamanianFicusspecies. Experimental temperatures were based on the current daytime mean temperature of 26.8°C (2SD: 21.6–31.7°C) and the predicted local temperature increase of 1–4°C by the end of the 21st century. We found that all tested pollinator wasp species had a significantly shorter lifespan in 30, 32, 34, and 36°C compared to the current diurnal mean temperature of 26°C. At 36°C pollinator median lifespan decreased to merely 2–10 h (6%–19% of their median lifespan at 26°C). Unless wasps can adapt, such a dramatic reduction in lifespan is expected to reduce the number of pollinators that successfully disperse to flowering fig trees, and may therefore jeopardize both fruit set and eventually survival of the mutualism.