bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From believers to skeptics: Latent class analysis of COVID‐19 protective practices and perceptions among agricultural community members
Authors: Rudolphi Josie M. , Cuthbertson Courtney , Kaur Amandeep , Sarol Jesus N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeThis cross‐sectional study aimed to identify homogenous groups of agricultural producers and stakeholders based on their perceptions of effectiveness and use of COVID‐19 protective behaviors.MethodsWe conducted an online survey of agricultural producers and stakeholders through Qualtrics. Participants responded to 7 statements about COVID‐19 protective behavior effectiveness and 7 statements about participation in COVID‐19 protective behaviors in the previous 2 weeks. These statements included handwashing, disinfecting, refraining from touching one's face, covering one's face when coughing/sneezing, staying at home, social distancing, and wearing a face mask. Additional survey sections included demographics and health history. We performed separate latent class analysis (LCA) to identify clusters of agricultural producers’ and stakeholders’ perceptions and participation in COVID‐19‐related protective behaviors based on their pattern of responses.FindingsBased on LCA, participants were distributed as universal believers (33%), social believers (16%), personal believers (26%), moderate believers (17%), and social skeptics (85%) of effectiveness and as low (15%), moderate (40%), and high (45%) adherents of COVID‐19 protective behaviors. Those who were female, older, or had underlying health conditions were more likely to be universal believers and highly adherent. High adherence was also more likely among those who lived in urban areas or were not self‐employed.ConclusionsResults suggest that groups of agricultural producers and stakeholders based on perception of effectiveness and participation in COVID‐19 protective behaviors are associated with demographic and health characteristics. Public health campaigns that increase or maintain motivation to comply with protective behaviors should be developed and implemented specific for agricultural populations.
Effect of adaptive servo ventilation on central sleep apnea and sleep structure in systolic heart failure patients: polysomnography data from the SERVE‐HF major sub study
Authors: Tamisier Renaud , Pepin Jean‐Louis , Cowie Martin R. , Wegscheider Karl , Vettorazzi Eik , Suling Anna , Angermann Christiane , d'Ortho Marie‐Pia , Erdmann Erland , Simonds Anita K. , Somers Virend K. , Teschler Helmut , Lévy Patrick , Woehrle Holger 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThis SERVE‐HF (Treatment of Predominant Central Sleep Apnea by Adaptive Servo Ventilation in Patients With Heart Failure) sub study analysis evaluated polysomnography (PSG) data in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and predominant central sleep apnea (CSA) randomised to guideline‐based medical therapy, with or without adaptive servo ventilation (ASV). Patients underwent full overnight PSG at baseline and at 12 months. All PSG recordings were analysed by a core laboratory. Only data for patients with baseline and 3‐ or 12‐month values were included. The sub study included 312 patients; the number with available PSG data differed for each variable (94–103 in the control group, 77–99 in the ASV group). After 12 months, baseline‐adjusted respiratory measures were significantly better in the ASV group versus control. Although some between‐group differences in sleep measures were seen at 12 months (e.g., better sleep efficiency in the ASV group), these were unlikely to be clinically significant. The number of periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) increased in the ASV group (p = 0.039). At 12 months, the respiratory arousal index was significantly lower in the ASV versus control group (p < 0.001), whilst the PLMS‐related arousal index was significantly higher in the ASV group (p = 0.04 versus control). ASV attenuated the respiratory variables characterising sleep apnea in patients with HFrEF and predominant CSA in SERVE‐HF. Sleep quality improvements during ASV therapy were small and unlikely to be clinically significant. The increase in PLMS and PLMS‐related arousals during ASV warrants further investigation, particularly relating to their potential association with increased cardiovascular risk.
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) following intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, and oral administrations
Authors: Durna Corum Duygu , Corum Orhan , Tekeli Ibrahim Ozan , Turk Erdinc , Kirgiz Fatma Ceren , Uney Kamil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of danofloxacin in swan geese (Anser cygnoides) after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and oral (PO) administrations at 10 mg/kg dose. In this study, eight clinically healthy swan geese were used. The study was performed in four periods according to a crossover design with a 15 days washout period between two administrations. The plasma concentrations of danofloxacin were analyzed using high‐performance liquid chromatograph‐ultraviolet detection, and pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by non‐compartmental analysis. Following IV administration, terminal elimination half‐life (t1/2ʎz), total clearance, and volume of distribution at steady state were 6.03 h, 0.34 L/h/kg, and 2.71 L/h/kg, respectively. After IM, SC, and PO administration, t1/2ʎz was longer than that after IV administration. The Cmax of danofloxacin following IM, SC, and PO administrations was 3.65, 2.76, and 1.98 μg/mL at 0.63, 1, and 2 h, respectively. The bioavailability following IM, SC, and PO administrations was 87.99, 72.77, and 57.68%, respectively. This information may help in the use of danofloxacin in geese, yet the determination of optimal dosage regimen and pharmacodynamic studies are needed.
Analysis of the humoral and cellular response after the thirdCOVID‐19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Hartl Johannes , Rüther Darius Ferenc , Duengelhoef Paul Maria , Brehm Thomas Theo , Steinmann Silja , Weltzsch Jan Philipp , Glaser Fabian , Sterneck Martina , Sebode Marcial , Weiler‐Normann Christina , Lütgehetmann Marc , Schaub Golda Melina , Haag Friedrich , Schramm Christoph , Wiesch Julian Schulze zur , Lohse Ansgar Wilhelm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground & aimsTo explore the humoral and T‐cell response to the third COVID‐19 vaccination in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).MethodsAnti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody titers were prospectively determined in 81 AIH patients and 53 healthy age‐ and sex‐matched controls >7 days (median 35) after the first COVID‐19 booster vaccination. The spike‐specific T‐cell response was assessed using an activation‐induced marker assay (AIM) in a subset of patients.ResultsMedian antibody levels were significantly lower in AIH compared to controls (10 908 vs. 25 000 AU/ml, p < .001), especially in AIH patients treated with MMF (N = 14, 4542 AU/ml, p = .004) or steroids (N = 27, 7326 AU/ml, p = .020). Also, 48% of AIH patients had antibody titers below the 10% percentile of the healthy controls (9194 AU/ml, p < .001). AIH patients had a high risk of failing to develop a spike‐specific T‐cell response (15/34 (44%) vs. 2/16 (12%), p = .05) and showed overall lower frequencies of spike‐specific CD4 + T cells (median: 0.074% vs 0.283; p = .01) after the booster vaccination compared to healthy individuals. In 34/81 patients, antibody titers before and after booster vaccination were available. In this subgroup, all patients but especially those without detectable/low antibodies titers (<100 AU/ml) after the second vaccination (N = 11/34) showed a strong, 148‐fold increase.ConclusionA third COVID‐19 vaccination efficiently boosts antibody levels and T‐cell responses in AIH patients and even seroconversion in patients with the absent immune response after two vaccinations, but to a lower level compared to controls. Therefore, we suggest routinely assessing antibody levels in AIH patients and offering additional booster vaccinations to those with suboptimal responses.
A longitudinal study to explore unmet care needs, social support, and hope of women with gynecological cancer
Authors: Tsao Ying , Kuo Hui‐Chen , Chen Zon‐Jen , Liou Wen‐Shiung , Creedy Debra Kay 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe experience of a life‐threatening illness, such as cancer, can have an array of health impacts and social and psychological well‐being can be compromised. This study compared differences in unmet care needs, social support, and hope of Taiwanese women with either newly diagnosed (n = 72) or recurring (n = 39) gynecological cancer at baseline (T0) and three follow‐up surveys every 2 months (T1; T2; T3). Sociodemographic questions and three standardized self‐administered questionnaires were used. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) method was used to analyze data. Women with recurrent cancer reported higher levels of care needs and lower levels of hope than those with a primary diagnosis. Significant positive correlations between social support and hope scores were observed for women with recurring cancer at T1 and T2. However, these women reported less hope at T3 compared to those with a primary diagnosis. Routine assessment of women's care needs related to their medical condition and provision of different kinds of support can aim to improve well‐being and their hope for the future.
Significance of chlorine‐dioxide‐based oral rinses in preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 cell entry
Authors: Travis Briana Joy , Elste James , Gao Feng , Joo Bo Young , Cuevas‐Nunez Maria , Kohlmeir Ellen , Tiwari Vaibhav , Mitchell John C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis work aims to determine the efficacy of preprocedural oral rinsing with chlorine dioxide solutions to minimize the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) transmission during high‐risk dental procedures.MethodsThe antiviral activity of chlorine‐dioxide‐based oral rinse (OR) solutions was tested by pre‐incubating with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pseudovirus in a dosage‐dependent manner before transducing to human embryonic kidney epithelial (HEK293T‐ACE2) cells, which stably expresses ACE‐2 receptor. Viral entry was determined by measuring luciferase activity using a luminescence microplate reader. In the cell‐to‐cell fusion assay, effector Chinese hamster ovary (CHO‐K1) cells co‐expressing spike glycoprotein of SARS‐CoV‐2 and T7 RNA polymerase were pre‐incubated with the ORs before co‐culturing with the target CHO‐K1 cells co‐expressing human ACE2 receptor and luciferase gene. The luciferase signal was quantified 24 h after mixing the cells. Surface expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein and ACE‐2 receptor was confirmed using direct fluorescent imaging and quantitative cell‐ELISA. Finally, dosage‐dependent cytotoxic effects of ORs were evaluated at two different time points.ResultsA dosage‐dependent antiviral effect of the ORs was observed against SARS‐CoV‐2 cell entry and spike glycoprotein mediated cell‐to‐cell fusion. This demonstrates that ORs can be useful as a preprocedural step to reduce viral infectivity.ConclusionsChlorine‐dioxide‐based ORs have a potential benefit for reducing SARS‐CoV‐2 entry and spread.
Inducibility of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia and ectopic atrial tachycardia in children under general anesthesia
Authors: Kast Brigitte , Balmer Christian , Gass Matthias , Berger Florian , Constance Rippel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn children, invasive electrophysiological studies (EPS) and radiofrequency catheter ablations (RFA) of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) are often performed under general anesthesia. Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT) must be inducible during EPS as reliable diagnosis and subsequent therapy are not possible in sinus rhythm. This study aims to assess the problem of noninducible AVNRT and EAT under general anesthesia.Methods and resultsAnesthesia protocols of 166 patients undergoing EPS were retrospectively analyzed. 122 AVNRT patients were compared to 22 whose tachycardia was not inducible but probably due to an AVNRT mechanism. Another 16 patients with inducible EAT were compared to 6 whose EAT appeared on surface ECG but not during EPS. Demographic characteristics were similar among all groups. Inducibility did not differ (p = .42) between AVNRT patients with inhalational anesthesia (sevoflurane and/or nitrous oxide) and patients with intravenous anesthesia (propofol with/without remifentanil). The EAT group exhibited lower inducibility under intravenous anesthesia (64%) than under inhalational (88%), however without significance (p = .35).ConclusionTachycardia induction succeeds with similar frequency under both inhalational and intravenous general anesthesia in children with AVNRT. In children with EAT, inhalational anesthesia is associated with a trend towards better inducibility.
Why is the patient still symptomatic after myectomy for HCM!
Authors: Goel Ramil , Thompson Iain , Miles William M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe describe the case of a young female patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with a dual chamber implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and complete heart block from a prior septal ablation procedure. Due to persistent left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and symptoms, she underwent surgical myectomy. Her exertional symptoms continued despite improved LVOT flow parameters. A comprehensive evaluation, including ICD interrogation, helped arrive at the correct diagnosis and treatment plan.
Diversity dynamics of microfossils from the Cretaceous to the Neogene show mixed responses to events
Authors: Jamson Katie M. , Moon Benjamin C. , Fraass Andrew J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicrofossils have a ubiquitous and well‐studied fossil record with temporally and spatially fluctuating diversity, but how this arises and how major events affect speciation and extinction is uncertain. We present one of the first applications of PyRate to a micropalaeontological global occurrence dataset, reconstructing diversification rates within a Bayesian framework from the Mesozoic to the Neogene in four microfossil groups: planktic foraminiferans, calcareous nannofossils, radiolarians and diatoms. Calcareous and siliceous groups demonstrate opposed but inconsistent responses in diversification. Radiolarian origination increases from c. 104 Ma, maintaining high rates into the Cenozoic. Calcareous microfossil diversification rates significantly declines across the Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary, while rates in siliceous microfossil groups remain stable until the Paleocene–Eocene transition. Diversification rates in the Cenozoic are largely stable in calcareous groups, whereas the Palaeogene is a turbulent time for diatoms. Diversification fluctuations are driven by climate change and fluctuations in sea surface temperatures, leading to different responses in the groups generating calcareous or siliceous microfossils. Extinctions are apparently induced by changes in anoxia, acidification and stratification; speciation tends to be associated with upwelling, productivity and ocean circulation. These results invite further micropalaeontological quantitative analysis and study of the effects of major transitions in the fossil record. Despite extensive occurrence data, regional diversification events were not recovered; neither were some global events. These unexpected results show the need to consider multiple spatiotemporal levels of diversity and diversification analyses and imply that occurrence datasets of different clades may be more appropriate for testing some hypotheses than others.
Skeletal and soft tissue completeness of the acanthodian fossil record
Authors: Schnetz Lisa , Butler Richard J. , Coates Michael I. , Sansom Ivan J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcanthodians are a poorly understood paraphyletic grade of extinct Palaeozoic fishes. They play an increasingly prominent role in our understanding of vertebrate evolution as part of the chondrichthyan stem‐group even though their evolutionary history is scarce. The limited preservation of their mostly cartilaginous skeleton largely results in a bias towards isolated remains such as fin spines and scales. Here, we quantify the quality of the acanthodian fossil record by using a variation of the Skeletal Completeness Metric (SCM), an approach that calculates how complete the skeletons of individuals are compared to their theoretical complete skeleton. A novel Soft Tissue Completeness Metric (STCM) is introduced to estimate the percentage of soft body tissue preserved as an alternate measurement of completeness. Completeness scores for >1600 specimens comprising >300 taxa obtained from museum collection visits and literature surveys were assembled into a database. Acanthodian completeness peaks in the Lower–Middle Devonian, Pennsylvanian, and earliest Permian. There is no correlation between acanthodian taxonomic richness and completeness. Acanthodians show a significantly lower completeness distribution than many tetrapod groups, but a similarly low distribution to bats. Skeletons deposited in freshwater are significantly more complete than in marine environments where sea level significantly negatively correlates with observed completeness. Our assessment reveals only weak spatial biases influencing the acanthodian fossil record while environmental biases are much higher. This quantified evaluation of acanthodians provides a foundation for further assessments of the likely influence of character absences from morphological datasets on estimates of early chondrichthyan and, therefore, early gnathostome evolution.
Ventricular assist device support following pediatric heart transplantation
Authors: Krauss Annemarie , Pidborochynski Tara , Buchholz Holger , Urschel Simon , Al‐Akalabi Mohammed , Freed Darren H. , Anand Vijay , Holinkski Paula , Bates Angela , Conway Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundVAD support for early graft failure after HTx is a rare event in pediatrics.MethodsWe retrospectively describe our single‐center experience with post‐HTx VAD support in a cohort of patients transplanted between 01/05 and 12/20.ResultsNine patients underwent VAD insertion in the early post‐HTx period [median age 6.1 years (Range 0.3–20.3), median weight 17.6 kg (Range 3.5–65.0), and congenital heart disease (67%)]. Of the nine patients with early graft failure, almost half (44%) were implanted after 2015 and all of these patients had a pre‐HTx plan for possible post‐transplant VAD insertion. Time to VAD implant was a median of 0 day (Range 0–11). Total time on VAD support was a median of 12 days (Range 3.0–478.0). Two‐thirds (n = 6; 67%) of the patients were weaned from support, retransplanted (11%) and two patients died (22%). In all of the patients where post‐HTx VAD was anticipated there was 100% survival.ConclusionsIn this small patient series, post‐HTx VAD was a useful measure in selected patients especially with pre‐HTx planning. However, more shared experiences to verify these findings are needed.
The Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Disinfectant Trichloroisocyanuric Acid Causes Chlorination Stress Enhancing Solar UV‐Induced Inflammatory Gene Expression in AP‐1 Transgenic SKH‐1 Luciferase Reporter Mouse Skin†
Authors: Snell Jeremy A. , Vaishampayan Prajakta , Dickinson Sally E. , Jandova Jana , Wondrak Georg T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFreshwater sanitation and disinfection using a variety of chemical entities as chlorination agents is an essential public health intervention ensuring water safety for populations at a global scale. Recently, we have published our observation that the small molecule oxidant, innate immune factor and chlorination agent HOCl antagonize inflammation and photocarcinogenesis in murine skin exposed topically to environmentally relevant concentrations of HOCl. Chlorinated isocyanuric acid derivatives (including the chloramines trichloroisocyanuric acid [TCIC] and dichloroisocyanuric acid [DCIC]) are used worldwide as alternate chlorination agents serving as HOCl precursor and stabilizer compounds ensuring sustained release in aqueous environments including public water systems, recreational pools and residential hot tubs. Here, for the first time, we have examined the cutaneous TCIC‐induced transcriptional stress response (in both an organotypic epidermal model and in AP‐1 luciferase reporter SKH‐1 mouse skin), also examining molecular consequences of subsequent treatment with solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Taken together, our findings indicate that cutaneous delivery of TCIC significantly enhances UV‐induced inflammation (as profiled at the gene expression level), suggesting a heretofore unrecognized potential to exacerbate UV‐induced functional and structural cutaneous changes. These observations deserve further molecular investigations in the context of TCIC‐based freshwater disinfection with health implications for populations worldwide.
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, Skin Cancer and Photoprotective Strategies in South Africa†
Authors: Wright Caradee Yael , Norval Mary 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe most recent data relating to the incidence of, and mortality from, the three commonest forms of skin cancer, namely basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous melanoma (CM), in the Black African, Colored, Asian/Indian and White population groups in South Africa are reviewed. While exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation is the major environmental risk factor for BCC in all four groups, for SSC in the White and Asian/Indian groups and for CM in the White group, this is unlikely to be the case for most SCCs in the Black African group and for most CMs in the Black African and Asian/Indian groups. Strategies for practical personal photoprotection in South Africa are discussed with particular emphasis on people at heightened risk of skin cancer including the White population group, those with HIV or oculocutaneous albinism and outdoor workers.
A new highly effective hybrid fungicide containing difenoconazole and tea tree oil for managing scab of apple, pecan and almond trees and as a tool in resistance management
Authors: Reuveni Moshe , Gur Lior , Henriquez José Luis , Frank James , Tedford Eric , Cloud Gary , Adaskaveg James E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractManagement of scab diseases of apple, pecan and almond is mostly based on fungicide applications according to host phenological stage and wetness events. Resistance to widely used locally systemic fungicides including the methyl benzimidazoles, demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) and quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) has been reported. We evaluated the activity of a new premixed hybrid fungicide containing the DMI difenoconazole and essential tea tree oil (TTO) against mycelial growth of Venturia inaequalis in vitro and against scab of apple, pecan and almond in field trials. Mycelial growth of 24 isolates of V. inaequalis collected from commercial apple orchards varied in their sensitivity to difenoconazole (EC50 values of 0.0002–1.29 mg/L). Difenoconazole–TTO was significantly more inhibitory to some of the isolates than difenoconazole alone, primarily to those that were less sensitive to difenoconazole. Protective foliar applications of difenoconazole–TTO in field trials were highly effective in controlling scab of apple and generally provided significantly higher disease control than difenoconazole alone. On apple and almond, difenoconazole–TTO treatments were similarly or more effective than applications with other synthetic fungicides belonging to the DMI, QoI and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) groups, or their mixtures. Difenoconazole–TTO completely prevented scab on pecan trees. Results suggest that difenoconazole–TTO can be integrated into scab control programmes for these crops and be used as a strategic approach in fungicide resistance management in orchards.