bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of phytate on crystallization on ureteral stents and bacterial attachment: an in vitro study
Authors: Calvó Paula , Mateu-Borras Margalida , Costa-Bauza Antonia , Albertí Sebastián , Grases Fèlix 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe use of double J ureteral stents can lead to several adverse effects, as urinary infection. Bacteria tend to colonize the stent surface, leading to the formation of bacterial biofilms. The presence of urease-producing bacteria increase the urine pH leading to the incrustation and blockage of the stent. On the other hand, these large crystalline masses function as niduses, allowing the attachment of even more bacteria and decreasing its exposure to antibiotics. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of phytate on the attachment of bacteria to the catheter surface under conditions that favor crystallization. Catheter sections were incubated in a synthetic urine medium (pH 6.5) in the presence or absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and phytate. Amount of calcium deposits was measured using an Arsenazo III colorimetric method and the number of attached bacteria to the stent was determined. Differences were assessed using an ANOVA with a Bonferroni post hoc test. The formation of calcium phosphate deposits (brushite and hydroxyapatite) and oxalate crystals (COM), as were as the amount of bacteria decreased when phytate was present. Thus, phytate successfully decreased bacterial adhesion by inhibiting the formation of crystalline deposits.
Percutaneous treatment of chest wall chondroid hamartomas: the experience of a single center
Authors: Inserra Alessandro , Martucci Cristina , Cassanelli Giulia , Crocoli Alessandro , Paolantonio Guglielmo , Gregori Lorenzo M. , Natali Gian Luigi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Thoracic mesenchymal hamartomas are rare benign lesions. Rarely symptomatic, they may compress pulmonary parenchyma, leading to respiratory distress. Although spontaneous regression has been documented, the more common outcome is progressive growth. The treatment of choice is en bloc excision of the involved portion of the chest wall, frequently leading to significant deformity.

Objective
The aim of our study was to describe percutaneous techniques to treat these lesions.

Materials and methods
We collected data of children with thoracic mesenchymal hamartomas who were treated at our institution from 2005 to 2020 using various percutaneous techniques. Techniques included radiofrequency thermoablation, microwave thermoablation (microwave thermoablation) and cryoablation.

Results
Five children were treated for chest wall hamartomas; one child showed bilateral localization of the mass. Two children underwent microwave thermoablation, one radiofrequency thermoablation and two cryoablation; one child treated with cryoablation also had radiofrequency thermoablation because mass volume increased after the cryoablation procedure. The median reduction of tumor volume was 69.6% (24.0–96.5%). One child treated with microwave thermoablation showed volumetric increase of the mass and underwent surgical removal of the tumor. No major complication was reported.

Conclusion
Percutaneous ablation is technically feasible for expert radiologists and might represent a valid and less invasive treatment for chest wall chondroid hamartoma, avoiding skeletal deformities.
The late Holocene introduction of Juglans regia (walnut) to Cyprus
Authors: Pound Matthew J. , Hazell Calian J. , Hocking Emma P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe island of Cyprus has a long history of human impacts, including the introduction of more than 250 plant species. One of these introduced species is Juglans regia (walnut), which is considered a naturalised non-native (introduced in last 500 years). Here we report the earliest occurrence of Juglans regia pollen grains from a sedimentary deposit on Cyprus. The pollen recovered from the Akrotiri Marsh provides an earliest introduction date of 3,100-3,000 cal yr bp. This Bronze Age occurrence of Juglans regia is sporadic. However, by 2,000 cal yr bp the pollen signal becomes more persistent and indicates that introduction or expansion of Juglans regia was highly likely in the Roman period. We integrate our new results with younger pollen occurrences of Juglans regia on Cyprus, the archaeobotanical record and documentary evidence to provide an overview of this archaeophyte. Our findings show that, following the conventions of the Flora of Cyprus, Juglans regia should be reclassified from naturalised non-native to indigenous.
Ilmenite and magnetite microfabrics in shocked gneisses from the Vredefort impact structure, South Africa
Authors: Dellefant Fabian , Trepmann Claudia A. , Gilder Stuart A. , Sleptsova Iuliia V. , Kaliwoda Melanie , Weiss Benjamin P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigated microfabrics of shocked Archean gneisses from two, 10 m-deep drill cores located near the center of the Vredefort impact structure in an area that is characterized by a prominent, long-wavelength negative magnetic anomaly (< − 3000 nT) together with short-wavelength, high-amplitude anomalies attributed to lightning strikes. Planar fractures and feather features in quartz, which can be partially recrystallized, indicate shock conditions less than 20 GPa. Micrometer-sized magnetite and ilmenite along shock-related shear fractures in quartz and feldspar emanate from adjacent deformed coarse (> 100 µm) ilmenite and magnetite host grains. These fine-scaled veins suggest mobilization of magnetite and ilmenite during shear deformation of host Fe-phases and adjacent silicates, probably associated with frictional heating. Coarse ilmenite has fine-lamellar mechanical twins parallel to {10$$\overline{1}$$

1
¯

1} and single (0001) twins, indicative of dislocation-glide-controlled deformation under non-isostatic stresses related to shock. A few µm-wide magnetite lamellae parallel to {10$$\overline{1}$$

1
¯

1} and spheroidal magnetite (diameter ≈10 µm) within coarse ilmenite document exsolution after shock. Dauphiné twins associated with planar features in quartz imply cooling from 650 to 725 °C after shock, which accords with estimates of pre-impact basement temperatures from petrographic studies. The Curie temperature of magnetite is 580 °C; therefore, the central negative magnetic anomaly was produced as a thermoremanent magnetization acquired during cooling of the initially hot crust. The long-wavelength anomaly was likely amplified by the newly created magnetite that also acquired a thermal remanence. Although the magnetic properties of surface samples are often influenced by lightning strikes, we found no microstructural evidence for lightning-related processes.
Difference-form group contests
Authors: Cubel María , Sanchez-Pages Santiago 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper is the first to study difference-form group contests, that is, contests fought among groups where their probability of victory depends on the absolute difference of their effective efforts. We show that key equilibrium variables in these contests can be expressed as a function of a modified version of the Watts poverty index. We use the properties of this index to study the impact of heterogeneity, both within and between groups. In the case of homogeneous groups, we show that multiple groups can be active in equilibrium and that more groups are active and aggregate effort is higher the more similar their valuations of victory are. We then characterize equilibria under heterogeneous groups. We show that within-group heterogeneity is typically detrimental to the success of a group in the contest. Groups may have an incentive to become more homogeneous in order to increase their chances of victory.
Autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction and platelet concentrates for the treatment of complex perianal fistulas
Authors: Tutino R. , Di Franco S. , Massani M. , Bonventre S. , Mazzola G. , Lo Re G. , Gulotta E. , Kamdem Mambou L. J. , Stassi G. , Cocorullo G. , Gulotta G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Complex perianal fistulas are a major challenge for modern surgery since 10–35% of patients have functional problems after treatment. Sphincter-saving techniques have a wide range of efficacy (10–80%). We hypothesised that autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in combination with platelet rich plasma is a new therapeutic strategy with enhanced cure and function preservation rates.

Methods
Adult patients with complex cryptoglandular perianal fistulas were treated with injection of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in combination with platelet rich plasma around and inside the fistulous tract between May 2018 and April 2019 at the General and Emergency Surgery Operative Unit of the University Hospital “P. Giaccone” of Palermo. Fistulas were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Patients completed the Short Form-36 score on quality of life and the Wexner and Vaizey scores on faecal incontinence, and they were functionally studied using a three-dimensional anorectal manometry. The clinical and functional follow-up was performed at 1 year and 2 years after surgery.

Results
Nine patients (4 males, 5 females; median age 42 years [19–63 years]) with high trans-sphincteric or horseshoe fistulas were treated. The average number of previous surgeries per patient was 4.8. At 1 year follow-up, 77.7% of patients were cured, while at 2 years there was 1case of relapse. The variation in Short Form-36 score in cured patients was not significant (p = 0.0936). No statistically significant differences were found in continence scores.

Conclusions
The proposed treatment is a treatment option that preserves sphincter integrity and function, potentially avoiding postoperative incontinence and the need of repeated treatments.
Effect of neuromuscular reversal with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate versus sugammadex on postoperative ileus following colorectal surgery
Authors: Traeger L. , Hall T. D. , Bedrikovetski S. , Kroon H. M. , Dudi-Venkata N. N. , Moore J. W. , Sammour T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication following colorectal surgery and is mediated in part by the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP). Neostigmine (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor), co-administered with glycopyrrolate, is frequently given for neuromuscular reversal before tracheal extubation and modulates the CAIP. An alternative reversal agent, sugammadex (selective rocuronium or vecuronium binder), acts independently from the CAIP. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of neuromuscular reversal agents used during anaesthesia on gastrointestinal recovery.

Methods
Three hundred thirty-five patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery at the Royal Adelaide Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively included. The primary outcome was GI-2, a validated composite measure of time to diet tolerance and passage of stool. Demographics, 30-day complications and length of stay were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results
Two hundred twenty-four (66.9%) patients (129 [57.6%] males and 95 [42.4%] females, median age 64 [19–90] years) received neostigmine/glycopyrrolate and 111 (33.1%) received sugammadex (62 [55.9%] males and 49 [44.1%] females, median age 67 [18–94] years). Sugammadex patients achieved GI-2 sooner after surgery (median 3 (0–10) vs. 3 (0–12) days, p = 0.036), and reduced time to first stool (median 2 (0–10) vs. 3 (0–12) days, p = 0.035). Rates of POI, complications and length of stay were similar. On univariate analysis, POI was associated with smoking history, previous abdominal surgery, colostomy formation, increased opioid use and postoperative hypokalaemia (p < 0.05). POI was associated with increased complications, including anastomotic leak and prolonged hospital stay (p < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, neostigmine, bowel anastomoses and increased postoperative opioid use (p < 0.05) remained predictive of time to GI-2.

Conclusions
Patients who received sugammadex had a reduced time to achieving first stool and GI-2. Neostigmine use, bowel anastomoses and postoperative opioid use were associated with delayed time to achieving GI-2.
Field surveys of September 2018 landslide-generated waves in the Apporo dam reservoir, Japan: combined hazard from the concurrent occurrences of a typhoon and an earthquake
Authors: Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Miyazaki Hiroko , Ishibe Takeo , Takagi Hiroshi , Sabeti Ramtin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report and analyze a case study of landslide-generated waves that occurred in the Apporo dam reservoir (Hokkaido, Japan) culminating from the rare incident of hazard combination from the September 2018 Typhoon Jebi and Hokkaido earthquake (Mw 6.6 on 5 September 2018). The typhoon and earthquake were concurrent and produced thousands of landslides in the area by the combined effects of soil saturation and ground acceleration. Here, we report the results of our field surveys of the landslides that occurred around the Apporo dam and generated damaging waves in the reservoir. We identified six landslides at a close distance to the dam body; the largest one has a length of 330 m, a maximum width of 140 m and a volume of 71,400 m3. We measured wave runup at a single point with height of 5.3 m for the landslide-generated wave in the reservoir and recorded the damage made to the revetments at the reservoir banks. By considering the locations of the landslides and their potential propagation paths, we speculate that possibly three of the six surveyed landslides contributed to the measured wave runup. The surveyed runup was reproduced by inputting landslide parameters into two independent empirical equations; however, other independent empirical relationships failed to reproduce the observed runup. Our field data from the Apporo dam can be used to improve the quality of predictions made by empirical equations and to encourage further research on this topic. In addition, our field data serves as a call for strengthening dams’ safety to landslide-generated waves in reservoirs.
Short-time implied volatility of additive normal tempered stable processes
Authors: Azzone Michele , Baviera Roberto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEmpirical studies have emphasized that the equity implied volatility is characterized by a negative skew inversely proportional to the square root of the time-to-maturity. We examine the short-time-to-maturity behavior of the implied volatility smile for pure jump exponential additive processes. An excellent calibration of the equity volatility surfaces has been achieved by a class of these additive processes with power-law scaling. The two power-law scaling parameters are $$\beta $$
β
, related to the variance of jumps, and $$\delta $$
δ
, related to the smile asymmetry. It has been observed, in option market data, that $$\beta =1$$

β
=
1

and $$\delta =-1/2$$

δ
=
-
1
/
2

. In this paper, we prove that the implied volatility of these additive processes is consistent, in the short-time, with the equity market empirical characteristics if and only if $$\beta =1$$

β
=
1

and $$\delta =-1/2$$

δ
=
-
1
/
2

.
A Cartesian Immersed Boundary Method Based on 1D Flow Reconstructions for High-Fidelity Simulations of Incompressible Turbulent Flows Around Moving Objects
Authors: Giannenas Athanasios E. , Bempedelis Nikolaos , Schuch Felipe N. , Laizet Sylvain 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present numerical study is to show that the recently developed Alternating Direction Reconstruction Immersed Boundary Method (ADR-IBM) (Giannenas and Laizet in Appl Math Model 99:606–627, 2021) can be used for Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) problems and can be combined with an Actuator Line Model (ALM) and a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) interface for high-fidelity simulations of fluid flow problems with rotors and geometrically complex immersed objects. The method relies on 1D cubic spline interpolations to reconstruct an artificial flow field inside the immersed object while imposing the appropriate boundary conditions on the boundaries of the object. The new capabilities of the method are demonstrated with the following flow configurations: a turbulent channel flow with the wall modelled as an immersed boundary, Vortex Induced Vibrations (VIVs) of one-degree-of-freedom (2D) and two-degree-of-freedom (3D) cylinders, a helicopter rotor and a multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle in hover and forward motion. These simulations are performed with the high-order fluid flow solver which is based on a 2D domain decomposition in order to exploit modern CPU-based supercomputers. It is shown that the ADR-IBM can be used for the study of FSI problems and for high-fidelity simulations of incompressible turbulent flows around moving complex objects with rotors.
Long-term culture of feline oviduct epithelial cells on permeable filter supports
Authors: Eder Susanne , Müller Karin , Chen Shuai , Schoen Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBasic knowledge about cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying feline reproduction is required to improve reproductive biotechnologies in endangered felids. Commonly, the domestic cat (Felis catus) is used as a model species, but many of the fine-tuned, dynamic reproductive processes can hardly be observed in vivo. This necessitates the development of in vitro models. The oviduct is a central reproductive organ hosting fertilization in the ampulla and early embryonic development in the isthmus part, which also functions as a sperm reservoir before fertilization. In other species, culturing oviduct epithelial cells in compartmentalized culture systems has proven useful to maintain oviduct epithelium polarization and functionality. Therefore, we made the first attempt to establish a compartmentalized long-term culture system of feline oviduct epithelial cells from both ampulla and isthmus. Cells were isolated from tissue samples (n = 33 animals) after routine gonadectomy, seeded on permeable filter supports and cultured at the liquid–liquid or air–liquid interface. Cultures were harvested after 21 days and microscopically evaluated for epithelial differentiation (monolayer formation with basal–apical polarization) and protein expression of marker genes (oviduct-specific glycoprotein, acetylated tubulin). Due to the heterogeneous and undefined native tissue material available for this study, the applied cell culture approach was only successful in a limited number of cases (five differentiated cultures). Even though the protocol needs optimization, our study showed that the compartmentalized culture approach is suitable for maintaining differentiated epithelial cells from both isthmus and ampulla of the feline oviduct.
Bayesian multi-species N-mixture models for unmarked animal communities
Authors: Mimnagh Niamh , Parnell Andrew , Prado Estevão , Moral Rafael de Andrade 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose an extension of the N-mixture model that enables the estimation of abundances of multiple species as well as the correlations between them. Our novel multi-species N-mixture model (MNM) is the first to address the estimation of both positive and negative inter-species correlations, which allows us to assess the influence of the abundance of one species on another. We provide extensions that permit the analysis of data with excess of zero counts, and relax the assumption that populations are closed through the incorporation of an autoregressive term in the abundance. Our approach provides a method of quantifying the strength of association between species’ population sizes and is of practical use to population and conservation ecologists. We evaluate the performance of the proposed models through simulation experiments in order to examine the accuracy of both model estimates and coverage rates. The results show that the MNM models produce accurate estimates of abundance, inter-species correlations and detection probabilities at a range of sample sizes. The MNM models are applied to avian point data collected as part of the North American Breeding Bird Survey between 2010 and 2019. The results reveal an increase in Bald Eagle abundance in south-eastern Alaska in the decade examined.
Activation of sweet pepper defense responses by novel and known biocontrol agents of the genus Bacillus against Botrytis cinerea and Verticillium dahliae
Authors: Poveda Jorge , Calvo Javier , Barquero Marcia , González-Andrés Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Fresno-Benavente Pepper (F-BP) Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) is a horticultural crop characterized by its great agronomic, economic and cultural importance in the region of Castilla y León (Spain). Field production is threatened by verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae and postharvest losses due to grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea. Eight Bacillus spp. strains endophytically isolated from F-BP roots were used in the study. By conducting an in vitro antagonism study, we found that all Bacillus strains were effective against B. cinerea and five of them showed high antagonism against V. dahliae, with B. siamensis and B. proteolyticus strains being the most effective against both pathogens. Eight Bacillus strains were used for an infection test in F-BP fruits and plants to test their activity against both fungal pathogens. We report that Bacillus thuringiensis, B. siamensis and B. pumilus (SCFC 1–2) could control B. cinerea in pepper fruits through direct action and local activation of plant defences. In the case of V. dahliae root infection, plant roots inoculated with B. siamensis and B. proteolyticus were able to significantly decrease the occurrence of disease through direct action and local activation of jasmonic acid as a defence response. Therefore, we propose that B. siamensis could be used to control B. cinerea and V. dahliae in F-BP fruits and plants, respectively, through direct antagonism as well as the induction of local plant defence responses.
Bayesian rule in the framework of uncertainty theory
Authors: Lio Waichon , Kang Rui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Bayesian rule an unknown parameter is thought to be a quantity whose variation can be characterized by a prior distribution. Then some data are observed from a population whose distribution function is indexed by the unknown parameter and then the prior distribution is updated according to the observed data. The updated prior distribution is named as the posterior distribution. Based on uncertainty theory, this paper first makes a connection between posterior uncertainty distribution and likelihood function, and proposes a new method to obtain the posterior uncertainty distribution from the prior uncertainty distribution with given observed data. Some examples with special uncertainty distributions are employed to explain the calculation. Furthermore, an uncertain urn problem is provided to illustrate the application of the new method.
Is Gravitational Entanglement Evidence for the Quantization of Spacetime?
Authors: Döner M. Kemal , Großardt André 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExperiments witnessing the entanglement between two particles interacting only via the gravitational field have been proposed as a test whether gravity must be quantized. In the language of quantum information, a non-quantum gravitational force would be modeled by local operations with classical communication (LOCC), which cannot generate entanglement in an initially unentangled state. This idea is criticized as too constraining on possible alternatives to quantum gravity. We present a parametrized model for the gravitational interaction of quantum matter on a classical spacetime, inspired by the de Broglie–Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics, which results in entanglement and thereby provides an explicit counterexample to the claim that only a quantized gravitational field possesses this capability.