bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health care seeking behavior for common childhood illnesses in Birendranagar municipality, Surkhet, Nepal: 2018
Authors: Tiwari Ganga , Thakur Ajoy Kumar , Pokhrel Sushil , Tiwari Ganesh , Pahari Durga Prasad 
Published: March 2022

Background
Appropriate and prompt health care seeking by parents or caretakers can reduce morbidity and mortality among under-five year children. Although remarkable progress has been made in the reduction of under-five mortality, still the under-five mortality rate is high in Nepal. There are few studies on health care seeking behavior among caretakers in Nepal. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevailing health care seeking behavior of caretakers on common childhood illness of under five year children and to identify the association of socio demographic, economic, illness related and health system related factors with health care seeking behavior in 2018.

Methods
A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September to November 2018. Data were collected using a pretested semi-structured interview schedule. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with health care seeking behavior.

Results
A total of 387 caretakers participated in the study. Of these, 84.8% sought any type of care and 15.2% did nothing. Amongst those who sought care 42.4% visited the pharmacy directly, 25.3% visited the health facility. Amongst those who visited a health facility, 37.2% of caretakers sought prompt health care. Common danger sign stated by caretakers was fever in children (92.4%). Secondary education(AOR = 0.357, 95%CI = 0.142–0.896), involvement in service as an occupation(AOR = 3.533, 95%CI = 1.096–11.384), distance to reach nearest health facility(0.957, 95%CI = 0.923–0.993) and perceived severity of illness; moderate severity (7.612, 95%CI = 2.127–27.242), severe severity (AOR = 15.563, 95%CI = 3.495–69.308) were found to be significantly associated with health care seeking behavior.

Conclusion
Strong policies and regulations should be formulated and implemented at Birendranagar municipality of Surkhet district to prevent direct purchase of medicines from pharmacies without any consultation. It is essential to conduct the health awareness program at community level on early recognition of danger signs and importance of consulting health facilities.
Record on dominant microfungi and their potential phosphate solubilization in tea garden soils
Authors: JAMIR Temsurenla , AJUNGLA T. , KICHU Asangla 
Published: March 2022

Microfungi are one of the important microbial groups in agriculture due to their positive, mutualistic and negative effect on plant growth and productivity. The roles of fungi extend from organic matter decomposition and mineral cycling to plant growth promotion. Considering these indispensable roles of this microbial group, the present research was undertaken to investigate the indigenous dominant microfungi in tea garden soils of Mokokchung district, Nagaland in India. The dominant microfungi were screened for their phosphate solubilization activity in PVK agar medium using tri-calcium phosphate as the sole phosphate source. Microfungal isolates showed significant differences in culture plates as well as microscopic studies. A total of 110 fungal isolates under 19 genera were identified in the present study. Among the soil microfungi, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Trichoderma were found to dominate the studied tea garden soils. The highest phosphate solubilization activities were observed for species under Aspergillus (1.95 cm to 1.71 cm) followed by Penicillium (1.57 cm to 1.18 cm) and Trichoderma species (1.13 cm to1.06 cm). The present study offers a glimpse of indigenous microfungi as well as provide information on the dominant microfungi in tea garden soils of Mokokchung district, Nagaland and hence, will aid and expand knowledge on indigenous fungi and their various roles. Also, the applications of potent phosphate-solubilizers isolated in this study can be a future source of biofertilizers consortium for tea and other plants.
Argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels) Seed Germination Under Some Pretreatments of Thermal Shocks
Authors: SAID ALI Ouswati , HACHEMI Abdouroihamane , MOUMNI Aicha , ZINE Hamza , ELGADI Sara , BELGHAZI Tarik , OUHAMMOU Ahmed , LAHROUNI Abderrahman , EL MESSOUSSI Said 
Published: March 2022

Aim of study: The objective of this study was to optimize the germination of A. spinosa seeds after different physical pretreatments by thermal shock to establish a simple, effective, and less expensive procedure.
Area of study: The study was conducted in the laboratory on seeds from four regions of Morocco (Aoulouz, Essaouira, Sidi Bou Othmane, and Boulaouane).
Material and methods: The seeds were dried and stored. Before the launching of the experimental protocol, they were dehulled and applied each their pre-treatment for the four provenances. The pre-treatment used are the following. C: control without thermal shock, HC1: freezing, HC2: hot water, HC3: freezing + hot water.
Main results: The results showed that the onset of germination of argan seeds subjected to pretreatment HC3 was reduced by 2 days on mean compared to seeds that were subjected to pretreatment (C). The application of the cold or hot pretreatment allowed us to reach up to 82% of the final percentage of germination. However, the combination of two pretreatments allowed us to reach up to 100% of the final germination percentage.
Highlights: Freezing combined with hot water significantly improved the germination of A. spinosa seeds. This pretreatment could be recommended in the nursery for practitioners
Cutaneous adverse effects following COVID 19 precaution taking measures
Authors: Sharma Rohini , Abrol Sameer 
Published: March 2022

The outbreak of a mysterious pneumonia, reported from a sea food wet market of Wuhan, Hubei, China in 2019 has now taken the shape of a pandemic with successive waves sweeping across nations and creating havoc. Moreover, the transmission speed is much more than earlier severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS) making it imperative for the use of protective gears like masks, gloves and personal protective equipment(PPE) kits but ironically they in itself lead to a range of cutaneous complications making it difficult to continuously wear them. : The purpose of this study was to assess the various adverse dermatological manifestation among general population in view of the various precautions taken against COVID-19. This was a descriptive questionnaire based study and a total of ­105 patients were taken up for the study who came to the dermatology outpatient department(opd) with dermatological manifestations following covid 19 protection measures who met the inclusion criterias . All those who didn’t give consent for the study were excluded from the study. : A total of 105 questionnaires were collected. The males outnumbered the females with 71 males and 34 females. The most common reason implicated was wearing masks, goggles in 42(36.19%) patients followed by use of hand sanitizers and frequent hand washing seen in 36(12.4%) patients. In 20(19%) patients, use of gloves resulted in adverse dermatological manifestations followed by the use of PPE kits in 7(6.6%).: The prevalence of Covid -19 precaution taking measures is of utmost importance specially among the health care workers and office going people who have to adorn it for prolonged hours thus leading to adverse effects. Prompt diagnosis and this data can offer valuable insights to help modify the adverse effects.
Optimum fluence of Q-switched 1064nm laser in lip melanosis
Authors: Subramaniam Reshmi , Vasanth Vani , Chandrashekar Byalekere Shivanna 
Published: March 2022

Pink lips have always been considered an attribute of a beautiful face. The content of lip cosmetics is cause for concern as they are easily ingested. Hence, the need for lip-lightening by other means, like lasers. We aimed to find the efficacy and optimum fluence of the Qs-Nd :YAG 1064 nm laser in reducing lip melanosis of unknown cause.A prospective Case series study was carried out. Fifteen consecutive patients with lip melanosis of unknown etiology, were selected. Patients were advised to undergo Lip toning with Spectra laser (Qs Nd:YAG 1064 nm) every 2 weeks, for atleast 8-10 sessions. Before each session, photographs and Digital dermoscopy (polarized,20x) pictures were taken to assess outcome. Lip pigmentation and erythema were assessed quantitatively using skin colorimetric device called ‘Dermacatch’Ten patients completed atleast 5 sessions. Of this, four patients completed 7-8 sessions and showed significant clinical improvement. Dermoscopic changes in patients after treatment are ‘hazy whitening’ of areas which were ‘velvety’ in color. The four patients who showed clinical improvement also showed dermoscopic changes.Lip pigmentation improvement is slow and fluence-dependent and may need more than five sessions. The effective fluence for lip lesions is 3 to 4 times that for facial melanosis. Patients maybe started on higher fluences depending on tolerance. Dermoscopic changes precede clinical improvement.Lip pigmentation was found to respond to high fluences only. Dermoscopic changes can give an early indication of possible clinical improvement that can be expected. Skin colorimetry device did not correlate well with clinical features with respect to melanosis of lip.
ARTE, CIÊNCIA E O DESENHO DAS PALAVRAS
Authors: Assis Costa Moreira Gabriela de 
Published: March 2022

O processo de representar Arte e Ciência por meio do desenho, e seus múltiplos significados.
Título: Até (a cegueira da razão)
Material: Tinta acrílica, marcador colorido e nanquim sobre papel
Ano: 2021
Qualidade de vida de idosos acompanhados na Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Oliveira Márcia Soares de , Gomes Rafaela Borges , Damasceno Carolinne Kilcia Carvalho Sena , Alencar Delmo de Carvalho , Moreira Wanderson Carneiro 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de idosos atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família de uma capital do nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, realizado com 89 idosos atendidos em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Os critérios de inclusão foram: idade entre 60 e 70 anos e concordar em participar do estudo, assinando o termo de consentimento. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário com perguntas fechadas, com o objetivo de levantar dados confiáveis e atualizados dos idosos. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva, utilizando a folha de cálculo Excel (versão 2010). Resultados: A maioria dos idosos avalia sua qualidade de vida como mediana e estão satisfeitos com a vida. Boa parte deles apresenta um nível de energia relativamente adequado para a execução de tarefas e possui acesso às informações. 30,3% relatam ter muito pouca ou nenhuma oportunidade de lazer. Quanto ao padrão de sono, é satisfatório, tendo em vista que apenas 9% estão muito pouco satisfeitos. Com relação ao desempenho de atividades rotineiras, a maioria relatou que as ações são executadas satisfatoriamente (88,7%). 31,5% dos idosos informou ter uma vida sexual completa, 28,1% muito boa e 15,7% médio. Quanto à presença de sentimentos negativos, percebe-se que a maioria dos idosos (65,1%) tem muito pouco ou nada de sentimentos negativos, conferindo um percentual significativo. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário que os profissionais de saúde atentem mais para os aspectos que influenciam negativamente na determinação da qualidade de vida dos idosos.
Presença do acompanhante no processo de parto: percepção dos profissionais de saúde
Authors: Sousa Juliana Evaristo , Martins Jéssica Duarte , Lopes Renata Miranda de Araújo Laet , Silva Raiana Soares de Sousa , Da Silva Kelson Nonato Gomes , Torres Michelle Vicente 
Published: March 2022

A presença do acompanhante durante o parto ainda enfrenta resistência, pois é vista de forma negativa por muitos profissionais de saúde. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a percepção desses profissionais sobre a participação do acompanhante no parto. Realizou-se a análise descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, de entrevistas semiestruturadas feitas com 12 profissionais de uma maternidade pública. Os dados foram processados no software IRAMUTEQ. Foram apresentadas seis classes: 1-A parturiente vivencia sentimentos de ansiedade e medo, 2-A importância da presença do acompanhante no processo de parto, 3-A participação do acompanhante na humanização do parto, 4-O acompanhante e a sua repercussão na duração do trabalho de parto, 5-O parto sem o acompanhante e 6-Dificuldades para permanência do acompanhante na instituição. O estudo evidenciou que o acompanhamento é relevante para a parturiente. Contudo, são necessárias adequações institucionais e sociais para haver uma assistência obstétrica adequada.
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Dominant Non-biting Midge Forcipomyia bikanni (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) around West Lake, Hangzhou, China
Authors: Yang Tian-Ci , Xue Wen-Hua , Zhang Hai-Zhen , Shen Xiao , Liu Xiao-Hui , Bao Ze-Ying , Chen Chuan , He Hong-Shuai , Lou Guang-Hong , Xu Qi , Zheng Wei , Wu Zhong-Hua , Xu Hai-Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The nonbiting midges are tiny insects with a wide distribution around West Lake, China. In this study, the seasonal dynamics of the local dominant midge species was investigated. Phylogenetic trees of this species also were analyzed to discover its evolutionary history. Ultraviolet (UV) light traps were used for surveillance around West Lake in the period from April 2017 to November 2018. External morphological identification was performed using a stereomicroscope. Two genes of adult female midges that encoded the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) were sequenced and aligned online using GenBank nucleotide database and the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software 10.1.7. According to the field surveillance in 2017–2018, Forcipomyia bikanni Chan and LeRoux (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is the representative dominant species of West Lake, with its activity peaking in August and October. The COI and ITS-1 gene sequences of F. bikanni (XH01-5) were 523 bp and 315 bp, respectively. The final phylogenetic tree of the COI implied that F. bikanni (XH01-5) has 97.9% significant similarity with conspecific F. bikanni (LC015045) from the adjacent Fujian Province, China (E-value ≤ 0.1%). Furthermore, the ITS-1 sequences with 98% likelihood showed the highest linkage between F. bikanni (XH01-5) and F. townsvillensis (Taylor) (HM775502-HM775504) with different branches. Thus, the final unrooted phylogenetic trees of COI and ITS-1 are essential tools for reconstructing the evolutionary histories of nonbiting midges.
Remoción de materia organica natural por tratamiento convencional de agua en un río tropical
Authors: Jiménez-Antillón Joaquín , Quesada-Delgado Sidney , Romero-Esquivel Luis G. 
Published: March 2022

En Costa Rica, la efectividad del tratamiento convencional de agua es evaluada principalmente en términos de remoción de color y turbidez y no de materia orgánica natural (MON) que, al clorarla, puede formar subproductos de desinfección (DBPs) potencialmente carcinogénicos como los trihalometanos (THMs). Se monitoreó mensualmente, de marzo 2015 a febrero 2016, en cada etapa del tratamiento, el agua de la planta potabilizadora del río Jorco, en San José. Se cuantificaron carbono orgánico total (COT) y disuelto (COD), absorbancia ultravioleta a 254nm (UV254) y absorbancia ultravioleta específica (SUVA). Durante todo el período, el COT y DOC del agua cruda variaron entre 0,42 ± 0,01 mg-C/L y 0,96 ± 0,19 mg-C/L. La absorbancia UV254 y el SUVA variaron entre 0,0106 cm-1 y 2,71±0,55 L/mg-m (época seca) y 0,250 cm-1 y 2,06±1,16 L/mg-m (época lluviosa), indicando mezcla de sustancias aromáticas y alifáticas. La mayor eficiencia de remoción durante las dos estaciones, fue en el proceso de coagulación-sedimentación con valores cercanos a 21% y 23% para COT y COD, respectivamente. El sistema total removió el 51% de UV254 y 32% SUVA, indicando remoción de MON aromática, precursora de DBPs. La determinación de UV254 mostró buena correlación con MON (>99% según coeficiente de Pearson), indicando su posible uso como sustituto al análisis de COT y COD. Considerando el tipo y la baja concentración de MON del agua cruda junto con la capacidad del tratamiento, el monitoreo de THMs en la red de distribución confirmó una producción de THMs totales cercana a 10 µg/L, muy por debajo a la legislación nacional (460 µg L-1 como trihalometanos totales).
KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEHUTANAN PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA [The Authority of Local Governments in the Context of Forestry Management after the Law on Job Creation]
Authors: Pambudhi Hario Danang , Virgy Muhammad Arief 
Published: March 2022

<p>The Indonesian government initiated a law called Job Creation which aims to facilitate the flow of licensing bureaucracy to increase investment in Indonesia. However, there are problems that have come to the attention of the author regarding the regulation of forestry matters in this regulation, namely the centralization of authority to issue permits in the central government, the role of local governments in the formation and assessment of environmental impact analysis (AMDAL) and Environmental Management Efforts-Environmental Monitoring Efforts (UKL-UPL), and regarding the features of the National Strategic Project (PSN). These problems are the main discussion of the authors in this study. By using normative juridical research through a statutory approach as well as descriptive analytical concepts, the authors conclude that forestry regulations in these laws tend to restore the dignity of centralization of authority in the context of forest management authority, particularly with regard to forest use. This is not in line with the constitutional design regulated in the constitution regarding the division of authority for forest use between the central and regional governments which must be carried out based on the spirit of autonomy as wide as possible in a fair and harmonious manner.</p><p><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: </strong>Pemerintah Indonesia menginisiasi sebuah Undang-Undang dengan nama Cipta Kerja yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah alur birokrasi perizinan untuk meningkatkan investasi di Indonesia. Namun, terdapat permasalahan yang menjadi perhatian penulis terkait pengaturan soal kehutanan dalam regulasi ini, yaitu pemusatan kewenangan pemberian izin di pemerintah pusat, peran pemerintah daerah dalam pembentukan dan penilaian analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan (AMDAL) dan Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup-Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup (UKL-UPL), dan perihal keistimewaan Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN). Permasalahan tersebut menjadi bahasan utama penulis pada penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan serta konsep yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa pengaturan kehutanan dalam undang-undang tersebut cenderung mengembalikan marwah sentralisasi kewenangan dalam konteks kewenangan pengelolaan hutan, khususnya berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan hutan. Hal ini tidak selaras dengan desain konstitusional yang diatur dalam konstitusi mengenai pembagian kewenangan pemanfaatan hutan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah yang harus diselenggarakan berdasarkan semangat otonomi seluas-luasnya yang adil dan selaras.</p>
Heuristic procedure for synthesis of separation system for multicomponent mixtures using fuzzy logic
Authors: Bugaieva Liudmyla , Beznosyk Yurii 
Published: March 2022

In this study, the task is to develop a heuristic procedure for the synthesis of systems for the separation of multicomponent mixtures, which would take into account the uncertainty of the factors of the separation processes and the multivariance of the solution.
The authors reviewed the current state of the existing methods for the separation of mixtures. Many works devoted to the synthesis of effective systems for the separation of multicomponent mixtures leave unsolved the problem of taking into account the uncertainty of many factors of the separation processes. In the presented work, it is proposed that a heuristic approach is applied using fuzzy logic.
The proposed procedure is based on the choice of a separation sequence that takes into account the value of the separation coefficient and the difference in boiling points of two adjacent key components. The proposed strategy is based on an estimate of the likelihood of each rule for each possible separation. The search for solutions has five stages. First, the mixture to be separated and the available equipment are determined. After that, an ordered list of all separation options is drawn up with possible values of the economic costs of their implementation. Next, the mass load of possible separation is estimated and the separation with the minimum value of the separation ratio is selected. The heuristic is that the heavy separation is done last. And, at the last step, the most economical separation scheme is selected.
The above strategy at the stage of quantitative assessment is subject to the value of the threshold S (boiling point difference). This point can be used to determine the quasi-optimal solutions to the problem of sequencing according to the rules of relaxation of separation.
For this fuzzy heuristic method for determining cost-effective separation sequences for mixtures, appropriate software has been developed. In addition, since the procedure uses the theory of fuzzy sets, the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox package of the Matlab was also used to solve the problem of synthesizing schemes for separating hydrocarbon mixtures. The proposed procedure was successfully tested in both software implementations using the example of separating a five-component mixture.
The main difference between the proposed approach and other approaches based on fuzzy logic for the synthesis of separation systems is the gradation of working rules and possible quantification of a set of rules, which eliminates conflicts between the rules.