bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer-facilitated treatment access for hepatitis C: the Live Hep C Free project
Authors: Silano Julia A. , Treloar Carla , Leadbeatter Kyle , Davidson Sandy , Doidge Justine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This commentary explores the lessons learned during implementation of a peer-facilitated hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing and treatment access project called the Live Hep C Free (LHCF) project in contributing to micro-elimination efforts.

Case presentation
The LHCF project aims to facilitate access to on-the-spot HCV testing, treatment, and care in priority settings through partnership between a peer worker (PW) and a clinical nurse. Since the start of the project in January 2018, 4515 people were engaged about HCV and encouraged to access on-site HCV health care, and over 1000 people were screened for HCV and liver health, while almost 250 people accessed HCV treatment through the project. This commentary is intended to prompt discussion about incorporating peer-centred HCV health programs into priority sites. HCV care-delivery models such as the LHCF project can continue to contribute to micro-elimination of HCV in key settings to increase treatment uptake amongst high prevalence and/or marginalised populations and support progress toward national elimination targets.

Conclusions
The LHCF project has been able to highlight the benefits of incorporating trustworthy, efficient, and convenient peer-centred health services to engage and support vulnerable populations through HCV testing and treatment, particularly individuals who have historically been disconnected from the health care system. Additional attention is needed to ensure ongoing funding support to sustain the project and deliver at scale and in expanding evaluation data to examine the operation and outcomes of the project in more detail.
Effect of low-dose tadalafil once daily on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and erectile dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study
Authors: Lee Min-Kyung , Lee Jae-Hyuk , Sohn Seo-Young , Lee Seo Yeon , Jeong Tae-Yoong , Kim Sae Chul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors restore nitric oxide signaling, that plays a significant role in erectile function, and appears to counteract insulin resistance in animal and human models. This study was aimed to evaluate the glycemic and metabolic effects of low-dose tadalafil once daily in patients with type 2 diabetes and erectile dysfunction.MethodsA 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted. Eligible patients were randomly assigned in a ratio of 2:1 to the tadalafil 5 mg and placebo groups; all patients received either tadalafil or placebo once a day. The primary efficacy endpoint was the absolute change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels during the 6-month study period. The secondary efficacy endpoints included metabolic parameters and erectile function.ResultsOf the 68 patients who completed this study, 45 and 23 patients were allocated to the tadalafil and placebo groups, respectively. The mean HbA1c level was significantly different between the groups over the 6-month study period (P = 0.021). After 6 months of treatment, the HbA1c decrement in the tadalafil group was greater than that in the placebo group (− 0.14 ± 0.53% vs. 0.20 ± 0.69%,P = 0.030). The International Index of Erectile Function-5 scores improvement was significantly greater in the tadalafil group than in the placebo group at 6 months (P = 0.003).ConclusionThis prospective pilot study showed that low-dose tadalafil administered once a day was effective in improving glycemic control and erectile function in patients with type 2 diabetes and erectile dysfunction.Trial registrationKCT0005666
Ten-year follow-up of renal adenomatosis with magnetic resonance imaging: a case report
Authors: Chou Yi-Chen , Lee Wen-Ying , Huang Steven K. , Wu Reng-Hong , Kuo Yu-Ting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Renal adenomatosis is a rare disease that presents as multiple papillary adenomas in the bilateral kidneys. Moreover, papillary adenoma is considered a precursor to papillary renal cell carcinoma. Therefore, patients with renal adenomatosis may have higher risk of developing malignancy than patients without this benign condition.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 62-year-old Asian woman with past history of papillary thyroid cancer. She underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen to screen for metastasis in 2010 and was followed up with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging annually. She was found to have a right renal tumor on computed tomography and underwent partial nephrectomy. The pathological diagnosis of the right renal tumor was angiomyolipoma. Renal adenomatosis was also histologically confirmed in the renal parenchyma adjacent to the angiomyolipoma. In this case report, we demonstrate the natural course of renal adenomatosis over 10 years using imaging studies. The benign tumors gradually progressed during the follow-up period. Larger tumor sizes and more hypoenhanced nodules in the bilateral kidneys were observed on follow-up computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusions
Due to its malignant potential, the clinical course of renal adenomatosis must be monitored. We present the natural course of renal adenomatosis with magnetic resonance imaging during a 10-year follow-up period.
166Holmium–99mTechnetium dual-isotope imaging: scatter compensation and automatic healthy-liver segmentation for 166Holmium radioembolization dosimetry
Authors: Stella Martina , Braat Arthur J. A. T. , Lam Marnix G. E. H. , de Jong Hugo W. A. M. , van Rooij Rob 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Partition modeling allows personalized activity calculation for holmium-166 (166Ho) radioembolization. However, it requires the definition of tumor and non-tumorous liver, by segmentation and registration of a separately acquired CT, which is time-consuming and prone to error. A protocol including 166Ho-scout, for treatment simulation, and technetium-99m (99mTc) stannous phytate for healthy-liver delineation was proposed. This study assessed the accuracy of automatic healthy-liver segmentation using 99mTc images derived from a phantom experiment. In addition, together with data from a patient study, the effect of different 99mTc activities on the 166Ho-scout images was investigated. To reproduce a typical scout procedure, the liver compartment, including two tumors, of an anthropomorphic phantom was filled with 250 MBq of 166Ho-chloride, with a tumor to non-tumorous liver activity concentration ratio of 10. Eight SPECT/CT scans were acquired, with varying levels of 99mTc added to the non-tumorous liver compartment (ranging from 25 to 126 MBq). For comparison, forty-two scans were performed in presence of only 99mTc from 8 to 240 MBq. 99mTc image quality was assessed by cold-sphere (tumor) contrast recovery coefficients. Automatic healthy-liver segmentation, obtained by thresholding 99mTc images, was evaluated by recovered volume and Sørensen–Dice index. The impact of 99mTc on 166Ho images and the role of the downscatter correction were evaluated on phantom scans and twenty-six patients’ scans by considering the reconstructed 166Ho count density in the healthy-liver.

Results
All 99mTc image reconstructions were found to be independent of the 166Ho activity present during the acquisition. In addition, cold-sphere contrast recovery coefficients were independent of 99mTc activity. The segmented healthy-liver volume was recovered fully, independent of 99mTc activity as well. The reconstructed 166Ho count density was not influenced by 99mTc activity, as long as an adequate downscatter correction was applied.

Conclusion
The 99mTc image reconstructions of the phantom scans all performed equally well for the purpose of automatic healthy-liver segmentation, for activities down to 8 MBq. Furthermore, 99mTc could be injected up to at least 126 MBq without compromising 166Ho image quality.
Clinical trials The clinical study mentioned is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02067988) on February 20, 2014.
Prevalence and associated factors of double and triple burden of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia: Spatial and survey regression analysis
Authors: Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Atalell Kendalem Asmare , Kassa Selam Fisiha , Muhye Addis Bilal , Techane Masresha Asmare , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh , Wubneh Chalachew Adugna , Belay Getaneh Mulualem , Tamir Tadesse Tarik , Kassie Destaye Guadie , Wondim Amare , Terefe Bewuketu , Ali Mohammed Seid , Fentie Beletech , Gonete Almaz Tefera , Tekeba Berhan , Desta Bogale Kassahun , Dessie Melkamu Tilahun , Ayele Amare Demsie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence on double and triple burdens of malnutrition at household level among child-mother pairs is a key towards addressing the problem of malnutrition. In Ethiopia, studies on double and triple burdens of malnutrition are scarce. Even though there is a study on double burden of malnutrition at national level in Ethiopia, it doesn’t assess the triple burdens at all and a few forms of double burden of malnutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.MethodsA total sample of 7,624 child-mother pairs from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 were included in the study. All analysis were performed considering complex sampling design. Anthropometric measures and hemoglobin levels of children, as well as anthropometric measurements of their mothers, were used to calculate double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and triple burden of malnutrition (TBM). Spatial analysis was applied to detect geographic variation of prevalence of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among EDHS 2016 clusters. Bivariable and multivariable binary survey logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with DBM and TBM.ResultsThe overall weighted prevalence of DBM and TBM respectively were 1.8% (95%CI: 1.38–2.24) and 1.2% (95%CI: 0.83–1.57) among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Significant clusters of high prevalence of DBM and TBM were identified. In the adjusted multivariable binary survey logistic regression models, middle household economic status [AOR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.89] as compared to the poor, average birth weight [AOR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.80] as compared to large birth weight and children aged 24–35 months [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.04,0.95] as compared to 6–12 months were less likely to experience DBM. Average birth weight [AOR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.91] as compared to large birth weight and time to water source <=30 min [AOR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.19,0.89] as compared to on premise were less likely to experience TBM.ConclusionThere is low prevalence of DBM and TBM among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Interventions tailored on geographic areas, wealth index, birth weight and child birth could help to control the emerging DBM and TBM at household level among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.
Reverse Periodization for Improving Sports Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: González-Ravé José M. , González-Mohino Fernando , Rodrigo-Carranza Víctor , Pyne David B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundReverse periodization is commonly touted as a salient planning strategy to improve sport performance in athletes, but benefits have not been clearly described.ObjectivesWe sought to identify the main characteristics of reverse periodization, and the influence of training volume and periodization models on enhancing physiological measures and sports performance.DesignSystematic review.MethodsThe electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science were searched using a comprehensive list of relevant terms.ResultsA total of 925 studies were identified, and after removal of duplicates and studies based on title and abstract screening, 17 studies remained, and 11 finally included in the systematic review. There was a total of 200 athletes in the included studies. Reverse periodization does not provide superior performance improvements in swimming, running, muscular endurance, maximum strength, or maximal oxygen uptake, compared to traditional or block periodization. The quality of evidence levels for the reverse periodization studies was 1b (individual randomized controlled trial) for two investigations, 2b (individual cohort study) for the remaining studies and a mean of 4.9 points in the PEDro scale (range 0–7).ConclusionsIt appears that reverse periodization is no more effective than other forms of periodization in improving sports performance. More comparative studies on this alternative version of periodization are required to verify its effectiveness and utility across a range of endurance sports.
Prostatic artery embolization in men with severe hemophilia a: a case report of two patients
Authors: Svarc Petra , Kampmann Peter , Lönn Lars , Røder Martin Andreas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
This is the first case report describing the peri- and postoperative hemostasis plans in two men with severe hemophilia A (HA) who underwent prostatic artery embolization (PAE) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Case presentation
Two patients with severe HA and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) not responding to medical therapy underwent PAE at our institution. In both patients, intermittent administration of decreasing doses of extended half-life recombinant factor VIII (EHL rFVIII) concentrate from 30 min before to 7 days after the PAE resulted in good hemostatic control. In addition to EHL rFVIII, tranexamic acid was administered in the same timeframe to augment the action of EHL rFVIII and to account for possible mucosal bleeding from the urinary tract. Both patients reported a minor localized hematoma at the femoral puncture site in the right groin, that resolved spontaneously. No other bleeding complications were observed.

Conclusions
The procoagulant effects of the chosen dosing of EHL rFVIII showed sufficient to perform a technically successful embolization. At 6 months follow-up, both patients had significant reduction in self-reported urinary symptoms and were content with the outcome.
Evaluation of respiratory tract bacterial co-infections in SARS-CoV-2 patients with mild or asymptomatic infection in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Davies-Bolorunduro Olabisi Flora , Fowora Muinah Adenike , Amoo Olufemi Samuel , Adeniji Esther , Osuolale Kazeem Adewale , Oladele Oluwatobi , Onuigbo Tochukwu Ifeanyi , Obi Josephine Chioma , Oraegbu Joy , Ogundepo Oluwatobi , Ahmed Rahaman Ademolu , Usman Olagoke AbdulRazaq , Iyapo Bosede Ganiyat , Dada Adedamola Adejuwon , Onyia Ngozi , Adegbola Richard Adebayo , Audu Rosemary Ajuma , Salako Babatunde Lawal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
A common complication of any respiratory disease by a virus could be a secondary bacterial infection, which is known to cause an increase in severity. It is, however, not clear whether the presence of some opportunistic pathogens called pathobionts contributes to the severity of the disease. In COVID-19 patients, undetected bacterial co-infections may be associated with the severity of the disease. Therefore, we investigated the implications of bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 cases.

Results
This is a cross-sectional study that involved archived specimens collected from nasopharyngeal samples of 150 people for COVID-19 screening in Lagos. DNA extraction from the samples was carried out to determine the presence of five respiratory bacterial pathogens using nested real-time PCR, and data were analysed using the Chi-square test. Of the 150 samples collected, 121 (80.7%) were positive for SARs-CoV-2 infection and 29 were negative. The proportion of patients with bacteria co-infection in COVID-19-negative, asymptomatic, and mild cases were 93.1%, 70.7%, and 67.5%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between mild COVID-19 conditions and bacteria co-infection (p = 0.097). There was also no significant difference in the nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Haemophilus spp. However, there was a statistically significant increase in the carriage of Moraxella catarrhalis and Chlamydophila pneumoniae among COVID-19-negative patients when compared with the positive patients (p value = 0.003 and 0.000 for Moraxella catarrhalis and Chlamydophila pneumoniae, respectively).

Conclusions
The current study shows that bacterial co-infection and superinfection with COVID-19 are not associated with mild and asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in our setting. However, given the high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae among the mild COVID-19 cases seen in this study, early diagnosis and treatment of these bacterial co-infections are still encouraged to mitigate the effect on the severity of COVID-19.
Relativistic quantum oscillator model under the effects of the violation of Lorentz symmetry by an arbitrary fixed vector field
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study a spin-zero relativistic quantum oscillator model under the violation of Lorentz symmetry defined by an arbitrary constant vector field

. We solve the Klein-Gordon oscillator using the Nikiforov-Uvarov method and obtain the bound-states solutions of the quantum system. We see that vector field

configurations modify the energy profile of the oscillator fields.
Prenatal Oxygen and Glucose Therapy Normalizes Insulin Secretion and Action in Growth-Restricted Fetal Sheep
Authors: Camacho Leticia E , Davis Melissa A , Kelly Amy C , Steffens Nathan R , Anderson Miranda J , Limesand Sean W 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Placental insufficiency (PI) lowers fetal oxygen and glucose concentrations, which disrupts glucose-insulin homeostasis and promotes fetal growth restriction (FGR). To date, prenatal treatments for FGR have not attempted to correct the oxygen and glucose supply simultaneously. Therefore, we investigated whether a 5-day correction of oxygen and glucose concentrations in PI-FGR fetuses would normalize insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Experiments were performed in near-term FGR fetal sheep with maternal hyperthermia-induced PI. Fetal arterial oxygen tension was increased to normal levels by increasing the maternal inspired oxygen fraction and glucose was infused into FGR fetuses (FGR-OG). FGR-OG fetuses were compared with maternal air insufflated, saline-infused fetuses (FGR-AS) and control fetuses. Prior to treatment, FGR fetuses were hypoxemic and hypoglycemic and had reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). During treatment, oxygen, glucose, and insulin concentrations increased, and norepinephrine concentrations decreased in FGR-OG fetuses, whereas FGR-AS fetuses were unaffected. On treatment day 4, glucose fluxes were measured with euglycemic and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. During both clamps, rates of glucose utilization and production were greater in FGR-AS than FGR-OG fetuses, while glucose fluxes in FGR-OG fetuses were not different than control rates. After 5 days of treatment, GSIS increased in FGR-OG fetuses to control levels and their ex vivo islet GSIS was greater than FGR-AS islets. Despite normalization in fetal characteristics, GSIS, and glucose fluxes, FGR-OG and FGR-AS fetuses weighed less than controls. These findings show that sustained, simultaneous correction of oxygen and glucose normalized GSIS and whole-body glucose fluxes in PI-FGR fetuses after the onset of FGR.
Sociality at the End of the World
Authors: Beller Jonathan , Brown Jayna , Manning Erin , Pham Minh-Ha T. , Gómez-Barris Macarena , Cox Aimee Meredith , Tadiar Neferti X. M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This collectively written essay meditates on sociality, mediation, death, and life during Pandemic 2020.
Catastrophe, Care, and All That Remains
Authors: Barker Joanne , Byrd Jodi A. , Goldstein Alyosha , Grande Sandy , Bernal Julia , DeVore Reyes , Marley Jennifer , Teba Justine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
During 2020 a menacing sense of doom and anxiety proliferated by the Trump administration's shock-and-awe tactics compounded the brutally uneven distribution of exposure, social atomization, precarity, abandonment, and premature death under the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has had especially lethal consequences for those who are impoverished, racially abjected, and deemed violable or disposable within economies of dispossession. For Indigenous peoples under US occupation, the mainstream news coverage of the pandemic's death toll on the Navajo Nation, on Standing Rock, and on other Indigenous nations came and went with little sustained inquiry into the conditions of colonization, critical for understanding the current moment. The obstinate negligence of the CARES Act toward peoples and communities most impacted by the pandemic is only one example of this intensified necropolitics. We focus here on conceptions and mobilizations of care and uncaring, and the catastrophe of the settler-capitalist state at this time. With all the talk about the need for self-care and community care in this period of concentrated epic crises, we ask: How does the discourse of care operate within an imperial social formation? Is an otherwise possible? What are our obligations in kinship and reciprocity? And how do we attend to these obligations in times of imposed distance?
Into the Fluid Heart of Wallmapu Territory
Authors: Gómez-Barris Macarena , Calfuqueo Sebástian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In their interview, scholar and writer Macarena Gómez-Barris and artist and performer Sebastián Calfuqueo discuss the role of art, mediation, and coloniality with respect to Indigenous majority spaces and trans embodiment. Calfuqueo's body of work, like Gómez-Barris's scholarship, addresses the colonial and neocolonial processes of extraction, dispossession, and how Mapuche peoples in the southern territories of Chile and the global South continue to be inserted into a paradigm of war and occupation. Their close collaboration, across geographical and linguistic divides, offers a way to think anew about the relationship between queer and trans decolonial connections and collaboration beyond the binary divide.