bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HARK! Hands up who really loves their classroom reading program? TRI this: three approaches to reading instruction
Authors: Green Mel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is unequivocal evidence that student engagement in reading for enjoyment has many wide-ranging and long-term benefits. Yet, obstacles are mounting in terms of complexities, constraints and contentions. In light of growing concerns around students’ reading attainment and the place of contemporary children’s literature, as well as the imminent release of theAustralian Curriculum: English Version 9.0, this article is well-timed to elucidate reading instruction. As educators prepare for the revised curriculum, it is important to examine reading demands, student entitlements and classroom practices. In this article, I consider and categorise curriculum content for coherence and cohesion. I outline different facets of reading instruction. I emphasise the vitalness of student engagement in reading for enjoyment (RfE) and the need for a dedicated RfE program. With reference to Dewey’s (1934) theory of aesthetic experience, Maxwell’s (1974) definitions of reading and Kalantzis’ et al. (2016)Learning by designmodel, I address complications and impediments. I situate RfE as one of three different but concurrent approaches to the teaching of reading. I position children’s literature at the heart of reading instruction. I aim to expand understanding around reading instruction with improved outcomes for students and teachers alike. In the spirit of promoting high-quality children’s literature, I employ playful palimpsests from prized picture bookHark. It’s me Ruby Lee!(Shanahan & Binny, 2017). I draw on literary devices from children’s literature to encourage its classroom usage. My hope is that this article not only advocates enjoyable reading experience, but also constitutes one.
Recycling waste nickel-laden biochar to pseudo-capacitive material by hydrothermal treatment: roles of nickel-carbon interaction
Authors: Li Deping , Ma Jing , Xu Huacheng , Xu Xiaoyun , Qiu Hao , Cao Xinde , Zhao Ling 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBiochar as an absorbent is used to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater, while the disposal of the residual has received little attention. This study attempted to convert the waste Ni-laden biochar into the pseudo-capacitive materials by hydrothermal treatment, investigated the optimal temperature (90–180 °C) and Ni content (100 and 500 mg g− 1), and explored the role of Ni-C interactions in the formation of the pseudo-capacitive materials. The highest pseudo-capacitance of 386.7 F g− 1 was obtained with the highest Ni content and the lowest temperature. The high temperature (180 °C) induced thicker lamellar crystal Ni(OH)2, while thinner flower-like Ni(OH)2 crystal was observed at 90 °C. Low temperature enabled the Ni(OH)2 crystals to disperse homogeneously on the carbon surface. The infrared spectroscopy showed that Ni promoted the disappearance of functional groups, indicating the catalytic effect of Ni on carbon structure, which also benefited their recrystallization and mutual encapsulation. Moreover, a combination of X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry verified that Ni inserted into biochar graphite layer and enlarged the layer distance. This study provides a strategy for transforming hazardous nickel-laden biochar into the capacitive material and reveals that nickel can amplify the graphite layer and improve the stability of biochar-based pseudo-capacitive material during the hydrothermal treatment.
Graphical Abstract
Staying with the Culture Struggle: The African Union and Eliminating Violence Against Women
Authors: Tornius Karmen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn analysis of the African Union approach to eliminating violence against women shows that while the Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa (the Maputo Protocol) refined the culture/violence nexus, the subsequent regional frameworks reverted to culture-centered explanations. Tornius’s critical analysis reveals how the relationship between culture and gender discourses has changed over time, entangled with processes of colonialism, decolonization, emergence of African socialisms, the end of the Cold War, and the advent of African feminisms. Articulating gendered violence through undefined ahistorical and apolitical notions of “culture” has real life adverse effects for women through ineffective policy and development interventions.
The Tax Models in Japan and Korea: Concepts and Evidence from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Park Sung Ho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExisting studies have relied on the notion of developmentalism to explain key aspects of the tax policies in Japan and Korea. However, limited efforts have been made to explore these cases from a comparative perspective based on relevant evidence. Far fewer studies have been conducted for examining the contemporary evolution of the tax policies following major reforms since the 1990s. This article seeks to fill these gaps in the research. Employing an analytic framework of tax structure, it provides key definitions of the old and new tax models in Japan and Korea in a way that is comparable with other OECD cases. “Residualism” and “constrained activism,” two heuristic models drawn from low-tax OECD countries, provide useful references for this comparative task. To validate key assessments, the author utilizes and replicates extensive tax data that operationalize important aspects of the tax structure from the 1980s to 2018.
Strongly Jordan property and free actions of non-abelian free groups
Authors: Kim Jin Hong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLet $X$ be a connected complex manifold and let $Z$ be a compact complex subspace of $X$. Assume that ${\rm Aut}(Z)$ is strongly Jordan. In this paper, we show that the automorphism group ${\rm Aut}(X,\, Z)$ of all biholomorphisms of $X$ preserving $Z$ is strongly Jordan. A similar result has been proved by Meng et al. for a compact Kähler submanifold $Z$ of $X$ instead of a compact complex subspace $Z$ of $X$. In addition, we also show some rigidity result for free actions of large groups on complex manifolds.
Sedimentological and Geochemical Perspectives on a Marginal Lake Environment Recorded in the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg Members of the Murray Formation, Gale Crater, Mars
Authors: Gwizd S. , Fedo C. , Grotzinger J. , Banham S. , Rivera‐Hernández F. , Stack K. M. , Siebach K. , Thorpe M. , Thompson L. , O’Connell‐Cooper C. , Stein N. , Edgar L. , Gupta S. , Rubin D. , Sumner D. , Vasavada A. R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study utilizes instruments from the Curiosity rover payload to develop an integrated paleoenvironmental and compositional reconstruction for the 65‐m thick interval of stratigraphy comprising the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg members of the Murray formation, Gale crater, Mars. The stratigraphy consists of cross‐stratified sandstone (Facies 1), planar‐laminated sandstone (Facies 2), and planar‐laminated mudstone (Facies 3). Facies 1 is composed of sandstone showing truncated sets of concave‐curvilinear laminae stacked into cosets. Sets are estimated to be meter‐to sub‐meter‐scale, consistent with low‐height dunes. Thin stratigraphic intervals of Facies 1 and stacking patterns with Facies 2 and 3 support a wet aeolian dune interpretation. Meter‐thick packages of planar‐laminated sandstone (Facies 2) are interpreted to represent interfingering dune‐interdune strata. Facies 3 consists of meter‐thick packages of planar‐laminated mudstone interpreted to represent lacustrine deposition with persistent standing water. Integration of geochemistry with each facies reveals some compositional control based on the depositional process. Models for source rock composition from Alpha Particle X‐Ray Spectrometer measurements show that facies derived from a basaltic source. Alteration indices and geochemical trends provide evidence that moderate chemical weathering occurred before compositional changes due to diagenesis. Differences in wt% FeO(T) and TiO2 between facies are minimal, though trends point to sediment sorting in transport. Comparisons to terrestrial basaltic sedimentary systems indicate that the Hartmann's Valley and Karasburg facies reflect deposition in an environment where diverse subaqueous and subaerial facies persisted adjacent to a long‐lived body of water.
A Decentralized Approach for Modeling Organized Convection Based on Thermal Populations on Microgrids
Authors: Neggers R. A. J. , Griewank P. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, a spectral model for convective transport is coupled to a thermal population model on a two‐dimensional horizontal “microgrid,” covering the typical gridbox size of general circulation models. The goal is to explore new ways of representing impacts of spatial organization in cumulus cloud fields. The thermals are considered the smallest building block of convection, with thermal life cycle and movement represented through binomial functions. Thermals interact through two simple rules, reflecting pulsating growth and environmental deformation. Long‐lived thermal clusters thus form on the microgrid, exhibiting scale growth and spacing that represent simple forms of spatial organization and memory. Size distributions of cluster number are diagnosed from the microgrid through an online clustering algorithm, and provided as input to a spectral multiplume eddy‐diffusivity mass flux scheme. This yields a decentralized transport system, in that the thermal clusters acting as independent but interacting nodes that carry information about spatial structure. The main objectives of this study are (a) to seek proof of concept of this approach, and (b) to gain insight into impacts of spatial organization on convective transport. Single‐column model experiments demonstrate satisfactory skill in reproducing two observed cases of continental shallow convection. Metrics expressing self‐organization and spatial organization match well with large‐eddy simulation results. We find that in this coupled system, spatial organization impacts convective transport primarily through the scale break in the size distribution of cluster number. The rooting of saturated plumes in the subcloud mixed layer plays a key role in this process.
Clonal diversification and histogenesis of malignant germ cell tumours
Authors: Oliver Thomas R. W. , Chappell Lia , Sanghvi Rashesh , Deighton Lauren , Ansari-Pour Naser , Dentro Stefan C. , Young Matthew D. , Coorens Tim H. H. , Jung Hyunchul , Butler Tim , Neville Matthew D. C. , Leongamornlert Daniel , Sanders Mathijs A. , Hooks Yvette , Cagan Alex , Mitchell Thomas J. , Cortes-Ciriano Isidro , Warren Anne Y. , Wedge David C. , Heer Rakesh , Coleman Nicholas , Murray Matthew J. , Campbell Peter J. , Rahbari Raheleh , Behjati Sam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGerm cell tumours (GCTs) are a collection of benign and malignant neoplasms derived from primordial germ cells. They are uniquely able to recapitulate embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, which carries prognostic and therapeutic significance. The developmental pathways underpinning GCT initiation and histogenesis are incompletely understood. Here, we study the relationship of histogenesis and clonal diversification in GCTs by analysing the genomes and transcriptomes of 547 microdissected histological units. We find no correlation between genomic and histological heterogeneity. However, we identify unifying features including the retention of fetal developmental transcripts across tissues, expression changes on chromosome 12p, and a conserved somatic evolutionary sequence of whole genome duplication followed by clonal diversification. While this pattern is preserved across all GCTs, the developmental timing of the duplication varies between prepubertal and postpubertal cases. In addition, tumours of younger children exhibit distinct substitution signatures which may lend themselves as potential biomarkers for risk stratification. Our findings portray the extensive diversification of GCT tissues and genetic subclones as randomly distributed, while identifying overarching transcriptional and genomic features.
SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens are detected in continuous air samples from congregate settings
Authors: Ramuta Mitchell D. , Newman Christina M. , Brakefield Savannah F. , Stauss Miranda R. , Wiseman Roger W. , Kita-Yarbro Amanda , O’Connor Eli J. , Dahal Neeti , Lim Ailam , Poulsen Keith P. , Safdar Nasia , Marx John A. , Accola Molly A. , Rehrauer William M. , Zimmer Julia A. , Khubbar Manjeet , Beversdorf Lucas J. , Boehm Emma C. , Castañeda David , Rushford Clayton , Gregory Devon A. , Yao Joseph D. , Bhattacharyya Sanjib , Johnson Marc C. , Aliota Matthew T. , Friedrich Thomas C. , O’Connor David H. , O’Connor Shelby L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwo years after the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, there is still a need for better ways to assess the risk of transmission in congregate spaces. We deployed active air samplers to monitor the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in real-world settings across communities in the Upper Midwestern states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. Over 29 weeks, we collected 527 air samples from 15 congregate settings. We detected 106 samples that were positive for SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 can be detected in continuous air samples collected from a variety of real-world settings. We expanded the utility of air surveillance to test for 40 other respiratory pathogens. Surveillance data revealed differences in timing and location of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus detection. In addition, we obtained SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from air samples to identify variant lineages. Collectively, this shows air sampling is a scalable, high throughput surveillance tool that could be used in conjunction with other methods for detecting respiratory pathogens in congregate settings.
Dearomative di- and trifunctionalization of aryl sulfoxides via [5,5]-rearrangement
Authors: Hu Mengjie , Liu Yanping , Liang Yuchen , Dong Taotao , Kong Lichun , Bao Ming , Wang Zhi-Xiang , Peng Bo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAromatic [5,5]-rearrangement can in principle be an ideal protocol to access dearomative compounds. However, the lack of competent [5,5]-rearrangement impedes the advance of the protocol. In this Article, we showcase the power of [5,5]-rearrangement recently developed in our laboratory for constructing an intriguing dearomative sulfonium specie which features versatile and unique reactivities to perform nucleophilic 1,2- and 1,4-addition and cyclization, thus achieving dearomative di- and trifunctionalization of easily accessible aryl sulfoxides. Impressively, the dearomatization products can be readily converted to sulfur-removed cyclohexenones, naphthalenones, bicyclic cyclohexadienones, and multi-substituted benzenes. Mechanistic studies shed light on the key intermediates and the remarkable chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivities of the reactions.
Megahertz pulse trains enable multi-hit serial femtosecond crystallography experiments at X-ray free electron lasers
Authors: Holmes Susannah , Kirkwood Henry J. , Bean Richard , Giewekemeyer Klaus , Martin Andrew V. , Hadian-Jazi Marjan , Wiedorn Max O. , Oberthür Dominik , Marman Hugh , Adriano Luigi , Al-Qudami Nasser , Bajt Saša , Barák Imrich , Bari Sadia , Bielecki Johan , Brockhauser Sandor , Coleman Mathew A. , Cruz-Mazo Francisco , Danilevski Cyril , Dörner Katerina , Gañán-Calvo Alfonso M. , Graceffa Rita , Fanghor Hans , Heymann Michael , Frank Matthias , Kaukher Alexander , Kim Yoonhee , Kobe Bostjan , Knoška Juraj , Laurus Torsten , Letrun Romain , Maia Luis , Messerschmidt Marc , Metz Markus , Michelat Thomas , Mills Grant , Molodtsov Serguei , Monteiro Diana C. F. , Morgan Andrew J. , Münnich Astrid , Peña Murillo Gisel E. , Previtali Gianpietro , Round Adam , Sato Tokushi , Schubert Robin , Schulz Joachim , Shelby Megan , Seuring Carolin , Sellberg Jonas A. , Sikorski Marcin , Silenzi Alessandro , Stern Stephan , Sztuk-Dambietz Jola , Szuba Janusz , Trebbin Martin , Vagovic Patrick , Ve Thomas , Weinhausen Britta , Wrona Krzysztof , Xavier Paul Lourdu , Xu Chen , Yefanov Oleksandr , Nugent Keith A. , Chapman Henry N. , Mancuso Adrian P. , Barty Anton , Abbey Brian , Darmanin Connie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) and Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) II are extremely intense sources of X-rays capable of generating Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SFX) data at megahertz (MHz) repetition rates. Previous work has shown that it is possible to use consecutive X-ray pulses to collect diffraction patterns from individual crystals. Here, we exploit the MHz pulse structure of the European XFEL to obtain two complete datasets from the same lysozyme crystal, first hit and the second hit, before it exits the beam. The two datasets, separated by <1 µs, yield up to 2.1 Å resolution structures. Comparisons between the two structures reveal no indications of radiation damage or significant changes within the active site, consistent with the calculated dose estimates. This demonstrates MHz SFX can be used as a tool for tracking sub-microsecond structural changes in individual single crystals, a technique we refer to as multi-hit SFX.
In-conduit capture of sub-micron volcanic ash particles via turbophoresis and sintering
Authors: Farquharson Jamie I. , Tuffen Hugh , Wadsworth Fabian B. , Castro Jonathan M. , Unwin Holly , Schipper C. Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAsh emission in explosive silicic eruptions can have widespread impacts for human health, agriculture, infrastructure, and aviation. Estimates of the total grainsize distribution (TGSD) generated during explosive magma fragmentation underpins eruption models and ash dispersal forecasts. Conventionally, the TGSD constrained via erupted deposits is assumed to match the TGSD produced at explosive fragmentation. Here we present observations from within the vent of a recent rhyolitic eruption (Cordón Caulle, Chile, 2011–2012), demonstrating that fine (<63 μm diameter) and ultra-fine (<2.5 μm diameter) ash particles are captured and sintered to fracture surfaces, and thus sequestered in the shallow subsurface, rather than emitted. We establish a conceptual model—uniquely contextualised through a combination of syn-eruptive observations and detailed post-eruption field investigation—in which turbophoresis (particle migration towards zones of lower turbulence) and rapid sintering create an inverse relationship between particle size and the probability of its subsurface capture. Such size-dependent capture efficiency preferentially removes submicron-diameter ash from the erupted componentry, decoupling the erupted size distribution from magmatic source conditions and potentially playing an important role in modulating eruption dynamics.
Cingulate cortex morphology impacts on neurofunctional activity and behavioral performance in interference tasks
Authors: Fedeli Davide , Del Maschio Nicola , Del Mauro Gianpaolo , Defendenti Federica , Sulpizio Simone , Abutalebi Jubin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInhibitory control is the capacity to withhold or suppress a thought or action intentionally. The anterior Midcingulate Cortex (aMCC) participates in response inhibition, a proxy measure of inhibitory control. Recent research suggests that response inhibition is modulated by individual variability in the aMCC sulcal morphology. However, no study has investigated if this phenomenon is associated with neurofunctional differences during a task. In this study, 42 participants performed an Attention Network Task and a Numerical Stroop task in an MRI scanner. We investigated differences in brain activity and response inhibition efficiency between individuals with symmetric and asymmetric aMCC sulcal patterns. The results showed that aMCC morphological variability is partly associated with inhibitory control, and revealed greater activation in individuals with symmetric patterns during the Stroop task. Our findings provide novel insights into the functional correlates of the relationship between aMCC morphology and executive abilities.
Neural activity in afferent projections to the infralimbic cortex is associated with individual differences in the recall of fear extinction
Authors: Russo Amanda S. , Parsons Ryan G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by an impaired ability to extinguish fear responses to trauma-associated cues. Studies in humans and non-human animals point to differences in the engagement of certain frontal cortical regions as key mediators determining whether or not fear extinction is successful, however the neural circuit interactions that dictate the differential involvement of these regions are not well understood. To better understand how individual differences in extinction recall are reflected in differences in neural circuit activity, we labeled projections to the infralimbic cortex (IL) in rats using a retrograde tracer and compared neural activity within, and outside, of IL-projecting neurons. We analyzed these data in groups separated on the basis of how well rats retained extinction memory. We found that within IL-projecting cells, neurons in the posterior paraventricular thalamus showed heightened activity in rats that showed good extinction recall. Outside of the IL-projecting cells, increased Fos activity was observed in good extinction rats in select regions of the claustrum and ventral hippocampus. Our results indicate that differences in extinction recall are associated with a specific pattern of neural activity both within and outside of projections to the IL.
Optimization of target biochar for the adsorption of target heavy metal ion
Authors: Zhou Runjuan , Zhang Ming , Shao Shuai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this work is to study the pyrolysis conditions of target biochar suitable for target heavy metal ion, to characterize the optimized target biochar, and to study the adsorption performance of biochar. With Cu2+ and Zn2+ as the target pollutants, the pyrolysis conditions involved in the preparation process as pyrolysis temperature, pyrolysis time, and heating rate were evaluated and optimized from Box–Behnken Design (BBD), response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function, the optimized pyrolysis conditions of target biochar for Cu2+ (Cu-BC) and Zn2+ (Zn-BC) were obtained. The optimum pyrolysis parameters for Cu-BC and Zn-BC were pyrolysis time of 3.09 and 2.19 h, pyrolysis temperature of 425.27 and 421.97 °C, and heating rate of 19.65 and 15.88 °C/min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model proved to be the best fit for the equilibrium data, with a maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) fitted by Langmuir model were 210.56 mg/g for Cu2+ by Cu-BC and 223.32 mg/g for Zn2+ by Zn-BC, which were both higher than the Qmax of unoptimized biochar (BC) for Cu2+ (177.66 mg/g) and Zn2+ (146.14 mg/g). The physical properties, chemical structure, surface chemistry properties of Cu-BC and Zn-BC were characterized by Zeta potential meter, Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). This study puts forward a new perspective for optimizing target biochar production for special environmental application.