bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOXO acts as a positive regulator of CncC and deltamethrin tolerance in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhang Nan , Meng Xiangkun , Jiang Heng , Ge Huichen , Zheng Yang , Qian Kun , Wang Jianjun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoth forkhead box O (FOXO) and nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2‐like‐2 (Nrf2) are key transcription factors related to stress responses. Whereas limited studies in mammals and Caenorhabditis elegans have revealed the interaction between FoxO/DAF‐16 and Nrf2/SKN‐1, the role of FOXO in metabolic detoxification and regulation of the Nrf2–Keap1 signaling pathway are poorly understood in insects.RESULTSUsing Tribolium castaneum as a model organism, we found that RNA interference‐mediated knockdown of FOXO enhanced deltamethrin‐induced lethality by affecting the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of CYP6BQ cluster genes. We further demonstrated that injection of dsFOXO into the beetle larvae decreased expression of CncC and KEAP1 at both the mRNA and protein level. Notably, dual‐luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assays both confirmed direct regulation of CncC by FOXO, whereas Keap1 was directly regulated by CncC.CONCLUSIONFOXO can directly regulate the expression of CncC and indirectly regulate the expression of Keap1 through CncC. The data provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of the Nrf2–Keap1 signaling pathway in insects.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis on the cardio‐protective activity of naringin based on pre‐clinical evidences
Authors: Viswanatha Gollapalle Lakshminarayanashastry , Shylaja Hanumanthappa , Keni Raghuvir , Nandakumar Krishnadas , Rajesh Subbanna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe cardioprotective role of naringin has been scientifically well demonstrated in various experimental models such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart diseases, diet‐induced cardiac injury, antihypertensive and anti‐platelet activities through various mechanisms. However, there is no meta‐analysis performed on the cardioprotective activity of naringin. This systematic review and meta‐analysis were focused to summarize and conclude the therapeutic benefits of naringin in various cardiovascular disorders using pre‐clinical evidence. The online search was performed using electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google scholar. The search was mainly focused on the role of naringin in various cardiovascular disorders in experimental animals. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria 34 studies were selected. The meta‐analysis revealed that naringin could significantly alleviate various physical and chemical stimuli induced cardiovascular disorders such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart diseases, oxidative stress‐induced cardiac injury, diet‐induced cardiovascular dysfunctions in experimental models involving multiple mechanisms such as antioxidant (ROS/RNS pathways), anti‐inflammatory (COX‐2, IL‐6, TNF‐α, NF‐κB pathways), enhancing angiogenic factors (VEGF, VCAM, HIF‐1α, iNO), suppressing the apoptotic factors (BCL‐2, BAX, caspases) and modulation of PCSK‐9, PKCα/β, PPAR‐α, JAK/STAT, MAPKs (p38α, ERK1/2, JNK), and PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K associated pathways. Further, these changes at the cellular and molecular levels were manifested as improvement in the structural, functional, and physiology of the heart upon the naringin treatment. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta‐analysis support the available scientific evidence on the therapeutic benefits of naringin in the management of various cardiovascular conditions.
The cognitive and affective roles of learning assistants in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics college classrooms: An exploration of classroom experiences and students' metacognitive awareness and disciplinary identity
Authors: Kornreich‐Leshem Hagit , Benabentos Rocio , Hazari Zahra , Potvin Geoff , Kramer Laird 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe power of knowledgeable peers (in this case undergraduate learning assistants [LAs]) to scaffold learning in ways that can positively influence both cognitive and affective outcomes in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), is explored in this study. In terms of the cognitive perspective, we use a metacognitive awareness (MA) framework for which the MA indicator predicts course performance. For the affective perspective, we use a disciplinary identity (DI) framework for which the DI indicator predicts discipline‐specific persistence. A survey that included these indicators as well as students' experiences in STEM classes was administered to over 2000 students. Multiple regression models reveal student experiences (individually and socially) as predictors of MA and DI. Certain social learning experiences (e.g., explaining to others when the LA is present) were found to be more predictive of MA than individual learning experiences. This result provides evidence to suggest that collaborative environments may align with increased metacognitive processes. Social learning experiences (e.g., explaining to the LA) were also found to be positive and significant predictors of DI but with a smaller effect than for MA. Fully participating in group activities was found to be a significant and positive predictor of both outcomes. This study provides further evidence for the importance of active learning (both individually and socially) for both cognitive and affective outcomes as well as the growing role that LAs can play to enhance these outcomes.
Fungal dermatitis secondary to a hemipenal plug in a rhinoceros viper (Bitis nasicornis)
Authors: Kane Daniel , Guthrie Amanda , Michaels Christopher J. , Spiro Simon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA rhinoceros viper presented with recurrent grey, thickened and crusted tissue protruding from the vent, with unilateral thickening and firmness of the left side of the base of the tail. Under anaesthesia, a plug of caseous material was removed from the inverted left hemipene. Fungal culture of the cloaca showed confluent growth of a single species, which could not be definitively identified at that stage. Because of the potential for Ophidiomyces ophidiicola, the causative agent of ophidiomycosis (snake fungal disease), antifungal treatments were initiated on Day 14. This included 30 minutes daily nebulisation with terbinafine dissolved in sterile saline and topical dilute betadine spray and enilconazole spray on the affected area, with infrequent oral terbinafine. Treatment continued until Day 101. The fungus was ultimately identified by a reference laboratory as a species of Fusarium Clinical resolution was confirmed on Day 214. Aggressive treatment was chosen because of the risk that ophidiomycosis can present to a collection of snakes.
A numerical study of strut and tower influence on the performance of vertical axis wind turbines using computational fluid dynamics simulation
Authors: Aihara Aya , Mendoza Victor , Goude Anders , Bernhoff Hans 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the influence of the strut and the tower on the aerodynamic force of the blade for the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). It has been known that struts degrade the performance of VAWTs due to the inherent drag losses. In this study, three‐dimensional Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes simulations have been conducted to investigate the effect of the strut and the tower on the flow pattern around the rotor region, the blade force distribution, and the rotor performance. A comparison has been made for three different cases where only the blade; both the blade and the strut; and all of the blade, the strut, and the tower are considered. A 12‐kW three‐bladed H‐rotor VAWT has been studied for tip speed ratio of 4.16. This ratio is relatively high for this turbine, so the influence of the strut is expected to be crucial. The numerical model has been validated first for a single pitching blade and full VAWTs. The simulations show distinguished differences in the force distribution along the blade between two cases with and without struts. Since the wake from the struts interacts with the blades, the tangential force is reduced especially in the downwind side when the struts are considered. The calculated power coefficient is decreased by 43 %, which shows the importance of modeling the strut effect properly for accurate prediction of the turbine performance. The simulations also indicate that including the tower does not yield significant difference in the force distribution and the rotor power.
Poincaré series for modular graph forms at depth two. Part I. Seeds and Laplace systems
Authors: Dorigoni Daniele , Kleinschmidt Axel , Schlotterer Oliver 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We derive new Poincaré-series representations for infinite families of non-holomorphic modular invariant functions that include modular graph forms as they appear in the low-energy expansion of closed-string scattering amplitudes at genus one. The Poincaré series are constructed from iterated integrals over single holomorphic Eisenstein series and their complex conjugates, decorated by suitable combinations of zeta values. We evaluate the Poincaré sums over these iterated Eisenstein integrals of depth one and deduce new representations for all modular graph forms built from iterated Eisenstein integrals at depth two. In a companion paper, some of the Poincaré sums over depth-one integrals going beyond modular graph forms will be described in terms of iterated integrals over holomorphic cusp forms and their L-values.
Proca theory from the spinning worldline
Authors: Carosi Matthias , Sachs Ivo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We obtain Proca field theory from the quantisation of the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric worldline upon supplementing the graded BRST-algebra with an extra multiplet of oscillators. The linearised theory describes the BV-extended spectrum of Proca theory, together with a Stückelberg field. When coupling the theory to background fields we derive the Proca equations, arising as consistency conditions in the BRST procedure. We also explore non-abelian modifications, complexified vector fields as well as coupling to a dilaton field. We propose a cubic action on the space of BRST-operators which reproduces the known Proca action.
Celestial IR divergences in general most-subleading-color gluon and gravity amplitudes
Authors: Nastase Horatiu , Rojas Francisco , Rubio Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Gluon amplitudes at most-subleading order in the 1/N expansion share a remarkable simplicity with graviton amplitudes: collinear divergences are completely absent in both and, as a consequence, their full IR behavior arises from soft gluon/graviton exchange among the external states. In this paper we study the effect of all-loop IR divergences of celestial most-subleading color gluon amplitudes and their similarities with the celestial gravity case. In particular, a simple celestial exponentiation formula for the dipole part can be written. We also analize how this exponentiation is modified by non-dipole contributions. Finally we also show that, in the Regge limit, the soft factor satisfies the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation hinting at the possibility that, in this limit, an effective Wess-Zumino-Witten model would describe the dynamics of the infrared sector.
Electroweak signatures of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking in multiple hidden sectors
Authors: Franzosi Diogo Buarque , Ferretti Gabriele , Riefel Ellen , Strandberg Sara 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses electroweak collider signatures of the NMSSM with multiple-sector gauge mediation. We focus on the production of neutralinos and charginos which cascade decay into standard model particles and lighter supersymmetric particles, with special emphasis on final states with multiple photons. A search strategy for signatures with at least three photons is presented and compared with current exclusion limits based on two-photon searches. We show that in many regions of the parameter space our strategy gives stronger constraints than the existing two-photon analysis for these models.
The orthogonal momentum amplituhedron and ABJM amplitudes
Authors: Huang Yu-tin , Kojima Ryota , Wen Congkao , Zhang Shun-Qing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the momentum space amplituhedron for tree-level scattering amplitudes of ABJM theory. We demonstrate that the scattering amplitude can be identified as the canonical form on the space given by the product of positive orthogonal Grassmannian and the moment curve. The co-dimension one boundaries of this space are simply the odd-particle planar Mandelstam variables, while the even-particle counterparts are “hidden” as higher co-dimension boundaries. Remarkably, this space can be equally defined through a series of “sign flip” requirements of the projected external data, identical to “half” of four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory (sYM). Thus in a precise sense the geometry for ABJM lives on the boundary of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 sYM. We verify this relation through eight-points by showing that the BCFW triangulation of the amplitude tiles the amplituhedron. The canonical form is naturally derived using the Grassmannian formula for the amplitude in the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 formalism for ABJM theory.
Microtubule-associated protein tau in murine kidney: role in podocyte architecture
Authors: Vallés-Saiz Laura , Peinado-Cahuchola Rocio , Ávila Jesús , Hernández Félix 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTau is a cytoskeletal protein that is expressed mainly in neurons and is involved in several cellular processes, such as microtubule stabilization, axonal maintenance, and transport. Altered tau metabolism is related to different tauopathies being the most important Alzheimer’s disease where aberrant hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau is found in the central nervous system. Here, we have analyzed that function in kidney by using tau knockout mice generated by integrating GFP-encoding cDNA into exon 1 of MAPT (here referred to as TauGFP/GFP). IVIS Lumina from PerkinElmer demonstrated GFP expression in the kidney. We then demonstrated by qPCR that the main tau isoform in the kidney is Tau4R. The GFP reporter allowed us to demonstrate that tau is found in the glomeruli of the renal cortex, and specifically in podocytes. This was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. TauGFP/GFP mice present a podocyte cytoskeleton more dynamic as they contain higher levels of detyrosinated tubulin than wild-type mice. In addition, transmission electron microscopy studies demonstrated glomerular damage with a decrease in urinary creatinine. Our results prove that tau has an important role in kidney metabolism under normal physiological conditions.
Sequential lipidomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses of serum, liver, and heart tissue specimens from peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11α knockout mice
Authors: Garikapati Vannuruswamy , Colasante Claudia , Baumgart-Vogt Eveline , Spengler Bernhard 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPeroxisomes are versatile single membrane-enclosed cytoplasmic organelles, involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid metabolism and diverse other metabolic processes. Peroxisomal disorders result from mutations in Pex genes-encoded proteins named peroxins (PEX proteins) and single peroxisomal enzyme deficiencies. The PEX11 protein family (α, β, and γ isoforms) plays an important role in peroxisomal proliferation and fission. However, their specific functions and the metabolic impact caused by their deficiencies have not been precisely characterized. To understand the systemic molecular alterations caused by peroxisomal defects, here we utilized untreated peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11α knockout (Pex11α KO) mouse model and performed serial relative-quantitative lipidomic, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses of serum, liver, and heart tissue homogenates. We demonstrated significant specific changes in the abundances of multiple lipid species, polar metabolites, and proteins and dysregulated metabolic pathways in distinct biological specimens of the Pex11α KO adult mice in comparison to the wild type (WT) controls. Overall, the present study reports comprehensive semi-quantitative molecular omics information of the Pex11α KO mice, which might serve in the future as a reference for a better understanding of the roles of Pex11α and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders.
Graphical abstract
Thymidine phosphorylase induction by ionizing radiation antagonizes 5-fluorouracil resistance in human ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Lucas D. , Pozios Ioannis , Liu Verena , Nachbichler Silke B. , Böhmer Dirk , Kamphues Carsten , Beyer Katharina , Bruns Christiane J. , Kreis Martin E. , Seeliger Hendrik 
Published: January 2022

AbstractChemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) frequently contributes to failure of systemic therapy. While the radiosensitizing properties of 5-fluorouracil (FU) are well known, it is unknown whether ionizing radiation (IR) sensitizes towards FU cytotoxicity. Here, we hypothesize that upregulation of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) by IR reverses FU chemoresistance in PDAC cells. The FU resistant variant of the human PDAC cell line AsPC-1 (FU-R) was used to determine the sensitizing effects of IR. Proliferation rates of FU sensitive parental (FU-S) and FU-R cells were determined by WST-1 assays after low (0.05 Gy) and intermediate dose (2.0 Gy) IR followed by FU treatment. TP protein expression in PDAC cells before and after IR was assessed by Western blot. To analyze the specificity of the FU sensitizing effect, TP was ablated by siRNA. FU-R cells showed a 2.7-fold increase of the half maximal inhibitory concentration, compared to FU-S parental cells. Further, FU-R cells showed a concomitant IR resistance towards both doses applied. When challenging both cell lines with FU after IR, FU-R cells had lower proliferation rates than FU-S cells, suggesting a reversal of chemoresistance by IR. This FU sensitizing effect was abolished when TP was blocked by anti-TP siRNA before IR. An increase of TP protein expression was seen after both IR doses. Our results suggest a TP dependent reversal of FU-chemoresistance in PDAC cells that is triggered by IR. Thus, induction of TP expression by low dose IR may be a therapeutic approach to potentially overcome FU chemoresistance in PDAC.
Abbautechnologien für zukünftige, mobile Bergbau-Roboter
Authors: Berner Michael , Sifferlinger Nikolaus August 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Anwendbarkeit unterschiedlicher Abbauwerkzeuge in kleinen, mobilen Bergbau-Robotern. Konventionelle, mechanische Abbauverfahren nehmen einen hohen Stellenwert im aktuellen Untertage-Bergbau ein, jedoch wird deren Effizienz durch die Gesteinsfestigkeit stark eingeschränkt. Die dort entstehenden Reaktionskräfte sind in der Regel hoch und erfordern eine hohe Masse sowie hohe Leistung der Gewinnungsmaschine. Mithilfe zukünftiger Bergbau-Roboter wird versucht, in neue Areale vorzudringen, um Lagerstätten zu erschließen, welche mit herkömmlichen Methoden bis dato als unwirtschaftlich angesehen wurden. Der vergleichsweise kleine Maßstab sowie die geringe Masse dieser Roboter stellen den Einsatz von aktuellen Abbaumethoden vor große Herausforderungen, und es erfordert die Entwicklung neuer Konzepte, um ökonomisch Gestein zu lösen. Die vielversprechendsten Abbaumethoden werden anhand definierter Parameter verglichen und ihre Anwendung für verschiedene Gesteinsfestigkeiten – unter Berücksichtigung der maximal aufnehmbaren Reaktionskräfte durch die Maschine/den Roboter – bewertet. Auf der Grundlage dieser Studien werden die Durchführbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit bestimmter Abbauwerkzeuge für verschiedene Szenarien und Gesteinsfestigkeiten analysiert. Es ist zu erkennen, dass „klassische“, mechanische Abbaumethoden hinsichtlich der maximalen Druckfestigkeit des Gesteins sehr stark eingeschränkt werden und den dabei entstehenden Reaktionskräfte nicht mehr standgehalten werden kann. Aufgrund dieser Erkenntnisse und unter Berücksichtigung definierter Anforderungen wird eine Konzeptidee eines kombinierten Abbausystems vorgestellt. Die großen Vorteile dieser Technologie sind die vergleichsweise geringen Reaktionskräfte, die verschleißärmere Anwendung und die wasser-hydraulische Energieversorgung. Im ersten Schritt wurden Konzepte von mechanischen Bohrgeräten entwickelt und anschließend erste Simulationen des Abbauprozesses mittels DEM durchgeführt, um vorläufige Untersuchungen durchzuführen. Der Beitrag dieser Arbeit soll einen Überblick über die aktuelle Problematik geben und als Basis für künftige Konzeptideen und -entwicklungen dienen.
Monitoringsystem für Gurtbandförderer
Authors: Prenner Michael , Müller Jakob 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungDurch die Überwachung der Anlagenparameter von Gurtbandförderern kann deren Verfügbarkeit und die Funktion deutlich verbessert werden. In Zusammenarbeit mit der Firma ScrapeTec Trading GmbH wurde am Lehrstuhl für Bergbaukunde – Fördertechnik und Konstruktionslehre ein Gurtschieflaufsüberwachung- und Korrektursystem für Gurtbandförderer entwickelt, welches mit einer Monitoringfunktion ausgestattet ist. Bei diesem System handelt es sich um eine Gurtlenkrolle, die das seitliche Verlaufen des Gurtes durch das automatische Verstellen der Rollenrotationsachse bis zu einem bestimmten Grad verhindert. Durch die Positionsüberwachung der Rotationsachse und weiterer Gurtparameter kann zum einen der auskorrigierte Gurtschieflauf detektiert werden und zum anderen auf Grund von charakteristischen Bewegungsmustern des Lenksystems auf den schieflaufverursachenden Fehler rückgeschlossen werden.
Infectivity and antigenicity of pseudoviruses with high-frequency mutations of SARS-CoV-2 identified in Portugal
Authors: Wang Hai-xin , Zhang Li , Liang Zi-teng , Nie Jian-hui , Wu Jia-jing , Li Qian-qian , Ding Ru-xia , Zhang Yue , Chen Guo-qing , Wang You-chun , Wang Hui-guo , Huang Wei-jin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had a major impact on global human health. During the spread of SARS-CoV-2, weakened host immunity and the use of vaccines with low efficacy may result in the development of more-virulent strains or strains with resistance to existing vaccines and antibodies. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 mutant strains differs between regions, and this variation may have an impact on the effectiveness of vaccines. In this study, an epidemiological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was performed, and the VSV-ΔG-G* pseudovirus system was used to construct 12 spike protein epidemic mutants, D614G, A222V+D614G, B.1.1.7, S477N+D614G, P1162R+D614G+A222V, D839Y+D614G, L176F+D614G, B.1.1.7+L216F, B.1.1.7+M740V, B.1.258, B.1.258+L1063F, and B.1.258+N751Y. The mutant pseudoviruses were used to infect four susceptible cell lines (Huh7, hACE2-293T-293T, Vero, and LLC-MK2) and 14 cell lines overexpressing ACE2 from different species. Mutant strains did not show increased infectivity or cross-species transmission. Neutralization activity against these pseudoviruses was evaluated using mouse serum and 11 monoclonal antibodies. The neutralizing activity of immunized mouse serum was not significantly reduced with the mutant strains, but the mutant strains from Portugal could evade nine of the 11 monoclonal antibodies tested. Neutralization resistance was mainly caused by the mutations S477N, N439K, and N501Y in the spike-receptor binding domain. These findings emphasize the importance of SARS-CoV-2 mutation tracking in different regions for epidemic prevention and control.