bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Business-Information Technology Alignment and Sustainability of State-Owned Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Chidinma Nnyeche Theresa , Bestman E A 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: This work examined Business-Information Technology Alignment and Sustainability of State-Owned Tertiary Institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria. The objective was to investigate the relationship between strategy-driven alignment and sustainability of state-owned tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methodology: To achieve this, two research questions and hypotheses were designed to guide the study. The population for this work comprised 1,224 staff between grade level 11 and above in the five state-owned tertiary institutions in Rivers State. The sample size of this study consisted of 302 selected using the Taro-Yamane sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was the questionnaire. The test for the internal regularity of the instrument was conducted using Spearman Rank Order correlation. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions; Statistical Package for Social Science out version 23.0 was used to test the null hypotheses.
Findings: It was found that strategy-driven alignment significantly influenced the sustainability of quality service delivery of the state-owned tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria; the study therefore concluded that adopting the concept of business-information technology alignment will invariably result to sustainability in tertiary institutions.
Recommendation: The study recommended among other things that: Federal and state governments as well as tertiary institution’s management should, as a matter of urgency, develop credible strategy-driven alignment approach that will ensure that the unique objectives of the tertiary institutions are derived seamlessly while using IT, that tertiary institution management should fore-handily train all IT staff on the objectives of the institution so that everyone in IT has a visceral understanding of the institutions intention with regards to quality service delivery.
Deflecting Roots Near Sidewalks
Authors: Gilman Edward F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConcrete sidewalks 10 cm (4 in) thick measuring 1.2 m (4.5 ft) wide by 5 m (16.5 ft) long were installed in spring 1996 with and without barriers designed to deflect roots. Forty-eightPlatanus occidentalisfrom #15 containers were planted 0.75 m (30 in) from sidewalks and irrigated regularly to encourage rapid growth. Identical studies were installed on one well-drained and one poorly drained site located about 18 km (11.2 miles) apart. Barriers included 30 cm (12 in) deep DeepRoot, Biobarrier®, polyethylene (6 mil), a clean gravel layer (15 cm [6 in] deep; 2 to 3 cm [0.8 to 1.2 in] diameter) under the walk, and a control without a barrier. Roots were excavated 8 years after planting. No roots grew in the gravel in the well-drained site, resulting in a significantly deeper root system (19 cm [7.6 in]) under the walks than all other treatments (11 cm [4.4 in]). Vertical root barriers did not increase root depth compared to the control on the well-drained soil. Gravel under the walk and Biobarrier were most effective on poorly drained soil. DeepRoot was the least effective vertical barrier on the poorly drained site; Biobarrier was the most effective. Treatments had no effect on diameter of roots growing under the sidewalks. Roots deflected by the vertical barriers were forced deeper into the soil, but many returned to the surface by the time they reached the opposite side of the walk. Gravel under the sidewalk appears to hold promise for reducing sidewalk damage, especially on well-drained sites.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web Pada Mata Pelajaran Pemeliharaan Sasis dan Pemindah Tenaga Untuk Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik SMK Negeri
Authors: Situmorang Fredy 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) untuk mengetahui kelayakan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web; (2) untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web pada pembelajaran Perawatan Sasis dan Pemindah Tenaga Kendaraan Ringan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan dengan menggunakan model pengembangan produk Borg and Gaal yang dikombinasikan dengan Dick and Carrey. Uji kelayakan dilakukan melalui validasi para ahli (ahli materi pelajaran Perawatan Sasis dan Pemindah tenaga Kendaraan Ringan, ahli desain pembelajaran dan ahli media pembelajaran), serta uji akseptansi yang langsung di berikan kepada peserta didik sebagai pengguna dari produk. Sedangkan uji efektivitas dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas XI di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 5 Medan. Metode yang digunakan untuk uji efektivitas adalah metode True Experimental Design . Sampel penelitian uji efektivitas dari 60 peserta didik yang terdiri dari 30 peserta didik sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web, dan 30 peserta didik sebagai kelas kontrol yang diajarkan dengan menggunakan buku teks. Hasil uji hipotesis membuktikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil pembelajaran Perawatan Sasis dan Pemindah Tenaga peserta didik yang diajar dengan menggunakan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web, dengan hasil belajar Perawatan Sasis dan Pemindah Tenaga yang diajar dengan menggunakan buku teks. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh perolehan data yaitu thitung = 2,39 sedangkan ttabel = 1,70, pada tingkat signifikan 0,05. Disimpulkan bahwa efektivitas pembelajaran Perawatan Sasis dan Pemindah Tenaga dengan menggunakan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Berbasis Web, lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan menggunakan buku teks.
HEARING HANDICAP IN OLDER ADULTS: A MULTI-CENTER STUDY
Authors: Zahra Gul -e- , Saqulain Ghulam , Mumtaz Nazia 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the level of hearing handicap and its age and gender association in older adults.
Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study conducted at Ear, Nose & Throat outpatients of Yusra General Hospital, National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Islamabad and Cantonment General Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jul to Sep 2017.
Methodology: We recruited two hundred cases of self-reported hearing difficulty, using non-probability consecutive sampling, who fulfilled inclusion criteria. After recording demographic details including history, subjects were screened by the Screening Version of Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE-S). Followed by otoscopy and pure tone audiometry. Analysis was done using SPSS-24.
Results: Study revealed 133 (65.5%) males and 67 (33.5%) females with mean age of 65.45 ± 7.50 years. Out of 179 (89.5%) had significantly high level of hearing handicap with HHIE-S score >43, while 21 (10.5%) revealed mild to moderate handicap with score of 17-42. Hearing handicap was significantly associated with aging (p<0.001), while no significant gender association was noted. Hearing loss was mainly of sensory-neural type 192 (96%).
Conclusion: In older adults with self-reported hearing loss, high level of hearing handicap was present in majority (89.5%) and mild to moderate in 10.5%, with significant association with aging and hearing loss was predominantly sensory- neural type.
NASOPHARYNGEAL SPECIMEN COLLECTION FROM SUSPECTED COVID-19 CASES, MAKING THE PROCEDURE SAFE
Authors: Aslam Sohail , Bukhari Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir , Asghar Adnan , Riaz Naeem , Yousaf Iftekhar , Sadiq Sana , Waseem Muhammad Fahd 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To comparison was made between standard (control group) nasopharyngeal sample collection technique for RTPCR and modified technique and the outcome was compared in terms of the proportion of positive results of Rt-PCR tests.
Study Design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial.
Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Shifa Hospital Karachi Pakistan, from June and July 2020.
Methodology: This study was a newly developed modified technique for nasopharyngeal sampling for RT-PCR tests of COVID-19 suspects. Target population included all patients who developed COVID-19 related symptoms and/or also had history of recent travel or closed contact with Covid-19 patients. Total 1500 nasopharyngeal PCR tests were done by a team of trained technicians. Systemetic probability sampling technique was utilized. Subjects were divided into two groups by using even and odd serial numbers. Proportion of positive test results were compared between two groups by using chi square test.
Results: Results were collected for 3000 nasopharyngeal swab sample for RT-PCR testing. Mean age was 31.68 ± 11.89 years. In study group with modified technique, 470 tests were found positive for a total of 1500 samples while only 297 out of 1500 samples were detected positive in control group with standard technique. Chi square test applied to assess the difference between this proportion and it proved that the difference was highly statistically significant (p-value <0.00).
Conclusion: we interpret that modified samples collection technique is relatively safe for sample collector of Covid-19 PCR which has got potential benefits to get more genuine results of these......
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF EPLEY MANOEUVRE AND VESTIBULAR SEDDATIVE IN POSITIONAL VERTIGO
Authors: Niazi Muhammad Sohail Babar , Kamal Khawar , Hassan Zaheer Ul , Qaiser Aisha , Khattak Shahid Farooq , Tahir Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To carry out the comparison of the effectiveness of Epleys manoeuvre and Vestibular Sedative in the management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital Peshawar, from Jul 2019 to Dec 2020.
Methodology: The study was conducted on 60 patients who were diagnosed Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo by Dix Hallpike test. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 each. Group A was treated with vestibular sedative and group B was treated with Epleys manoeuvre. The examination of all patients was done on day 3, day 7 and day 14 and the results were documented.
Results: The study revealed that the 30 cases which were managed by Epleys manoeuvre, 27 cases were completely symptom free after 14 days. Meanwhile from the 30 patients who were treated by oral vestibular sedation, only 5 patients had total recovery on 14th day. Chi square test was used to compare the results. The results showed that Epleys manoeuvre has greater efficacy in the treatment of Epleys man oeuvre than vestibular sedative.
Conclusion: Epleys manoeuvre is more effective for the management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo than vestibular sedative.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-ADHERENCE TO HEPATITIS B VIRUS ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: Khan Anum , Farooq Asif , Arshad Abdul Rehman , Saeed Farrukh 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess the adherence to antivirals in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infected patients and to determine various social and demographic factors which can have an impact on it.
Study Design: Cross- sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gastroenterology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan to Mar 2019.
Methodology: Patients on oral anti-viral agents for hepatitis B virus infection were enrolled from outdoor clinics using consecutive sampling technique. Medication adherence was assessed using the 4-item Modified Morisky Score Questionnaire. Data was also collected about different variables that could potentially affect compliance, such as age, gender, education, residence, total number of pills prescribed for each day, travelling time to hospital, attendant’s company, adverse effects of treatment, presence of co-morbid conditions, patients’ knowledge regarding importance of adherence and whether they followed any particular routine in taking medicines.
Results: There were 127 patients having mean age of 47.80 ± 14.54 years. Out of these, 20 (15.75%) were not adherent to treatment. Patients not following a fixed drug-dosing schedule, patients not aware of the significance of good drug compliance and residents of urban areas were more likely to have lesser compliance to treatment.
Conclusion: Majority of our patients were compliant to treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection. This was more likely to be the case amongst those following a fixed drug-dosing schedule, having an awareness of significance of adherence to medication and residents of rural areas.
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE BEFORE AND AFTER SURGICAL INTERVENTION PERIOD
Authors: Azim Kiran , Sheikh Abdul Malik , Khokhar Muhammad Masood , Kanwal Asma , Akbar Touqeer , Masood Shafaq 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the level of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease in pre and post-surgical intervention period.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2019.
Methodology: After written informed consent from parents and approval of hospital ethical committee 152 children and adolescents with congenital heart disease were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data was recorded on relevant proforma. In addition to clinical assessment the level of anxiety and depression were objectively measured with the help of Urdu version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale by the mental health specialist a day before and 15 days after surgery.
Results: The mean age of participants was 14.5 ± 3.3 years. Out of 152 participants, 80 (52.6%) were females, while 72 (47.4%) were males. Level of anxiety and depression was found higher in the preoperative period being 44 (28.9%) and 52 (34.2%) which dropped significantly in the postoperative period to 16 (10.5%) and 8 (5.3%) respectively. Majority of the patients had Tetralogy of Fallot i.e., 52 (34.2%) followed by Ventricular Septal Defect in 24 (15.7%) and Atrial Septal Defect in 18 (11.2%). Females were more likely to have depression than males (p-value=0.01).
Conclusion: We found significant decrease in anxiety and depression in the postoperative period.
ROLE OF ALPHA BLOCKER IN URETERORENOSCOPY.
Authors: Nadeem Aamer , Anwar Noreen , Ahmed Naveed , Khan Yasser Saeed , Rashid Irum , Ali Mujahid Zulfiqar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the efficacy of alpha blockers in successful management of lower and mid ureteral stones by ureterorenoscopy.
Study Design: Comparative prospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Combined Military Hospital Quetta Pakistan, from Jul 2018 to Dec 2019.
Methodology: Total of 150 patients having mid and lower ureteric calculi requiring ureterorenoscopy were divided into two groups. Group A included patients without pre-treatment with alpha blocker was administered before they were subjected to ureterorenoscopy. Study group B included patients who received daily oral dose of alpha blocker, Tamsulosin 0.4 mg twice daily, for 1 week before ureterorenoscopy. Per-operative findings in both the groups were recorded. Results were analyzed by comparing the outcome between both groups in terms of ease of performing procedure, duration of procedure, complications, duration of hospital stay and need for stent placement.
Results: Mean operative time was significantly shorter in group B as compared to group A, (15.9 ± 3.81 min vs. 21.9 ± 3.63 min; p≤0.001). Demographic and stone characteristics were comparable between the both groups. Success rate was 74 (98.7%), in group B as compared to 68 (90.7%) in group A, with statistically significant difference (p=0.020). Complications in group B were less frequent 1 (1.3%) vs 7 (9.3%) in group A (p-value=0.027).
Conclusion: Use of alpha blockers for one week before performing ureterorenoscopy resulted in fewer complications and made the procedure easier to perform as well.
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC CHANGES WITH STANDARD DOSE OF MEGLUMINE ANTIMONIATE THERAPY IN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS
Authors: Tahir Moizza , Bashir Uzma , Ahmed Najia , Mumtaz Jauhar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To identify electrocardiographic changes associated with parenteral meglumine antimoniate and to estimate frequency of these changes.
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dermatology department, Combined Military Hospital Quetta and Multan, from Apr 2018 to Feb 2019.
Methodology: Total of 87 patients was recruited by consecutive sampling technique. Cases of Leishmaniasis were confirmed by Leishmania donovani bodies in smear or skin biopsy. Base line electrocardiograph was done and then repeated weekly. All patients were given 15mg/kg body weight intramuscular meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime). Any change in electrocardiograph was documented. Follow up electrocardiograph was repeated two weeks after hospital discharge. Data was analyzed using SPSS-20.
Results: Changes in electrocardiograph appeared between 7-27 days mean 16 SD ± 4.58. T-wave inversion was recorded in 41 (47.12%), ST elevation in 1 (1.14%), prolonged QT interval in 1 (1.14%). Meglumine antimoniate therapy was discontinued after ECG change for 5 ± SD 3 days of therapy. Follow up electrocardiograph two weeks after hospital discharge was normal.
Conclusion: Early repolarization defects of T wave inversion and ST segment deviation were found with standard doses of meglumine antimoniate therapy.
COMPARISON OF EXTRAPERITONEAL AND TRANSPERITONEAL RADICAL CYSTOPROSTATECTOMY IN TERMS OF FIRST 30 DAYS OUTCOMES
Authors: Sajjad Mudassar , Zia Qamar , Sabir Haroon , Kiani Faran , Nawaz Muhammad , Razzaq Sohail , Habib Bilal 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the first 30-day outcomes of Trans-peritoneal and Extra-peritoneal Radical cysto-prostatectomy.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi, from Mar 2015 to Mar 2019.Methodology: A total of 100 patients who underwent Radical cystoprostatectomy were observed in two groups either by extra or trans-peritoneal approach. Patients diagnosed with carcinoma urinary bladder (both muscle and non-muscle invasive) vetted through multidisciplinary meeting, with or without neo-adjuvant chemotherapy were included. Patients undergoing salvage cystectomy or any previous open abdomino-pelvic surgery were excluded. The standard techniques were used for both approaches. Variables under study were recorded for first 30-day-followup period.
Results: The mean age was 59.9 ± 7.231 years (range=34-80). In extra-peritoneal group the mean duration of surgery was 5.6 ± 1.16 hours comparing to 7.2 ± 1.34 hours in the trans-peritoneal group. Statistically significant trend was also noted in the favour of extra-peritoneal group for stay in Intensive care in post-operative period (3.00 ± 1.19 days/4.77 ± 1.20, p<0.001) as well total stay in the hospital (6.06 ± 2.8 days/ 11.74 ± 4.17, p<0.001). Overall comparison of total number of complications as per Clavien-Dindo system in both groups was insignificant (p=0.136), however a significant trend in favour of extraperitoneal group was noted with respect to major wound dehiscence as well rate of blood transfusion (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Extra-peritoneal approach showed a favourable trend in terms of operative time and early recovery after radical cysto-prostatectomy.
FIGHT AGAINST SUPERBUGS IN A BURN CENTRE: ARE WE DOING ENOUGH
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Rizwan , Rizvi Taokeer Ahmed , Munawar Muhammad Tariq , Hussain Muhammad Ashraf , Samuel Tabish 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the superbug infection in a burn centre, its impact on mortality/morbidity and to review all preventive/therapeutic steps taken to fight this menace.
Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, Army Burn Centre, Combined Military Hospital Kharian, from Oct 2018 to Sep 2019.
Methodology: A detailed retrospective audit of departmental data was carried out. Parameters like direct admission vs transferred patient, percentage of burns (Total Burn Surface Area-TBSA%), records of all burns related deaths and all culture/sensitivity reports were analysed using SPSS-20. As a standard practice in our unit blood, tracheal secretions and pus culture specimens of all patients are collected at the time of admission and then periodically fresh samples are taken every week or earlier when-ever required.
Results: Out of 515 patients, 283 (54.95%) were children under the age of 12 years. The overall survival rate improved by 13.43% as compared to last year. Out of 584 bacteriology reports 396 (67.81%) were positive and 188 (32.19%) were negative. On culture 508 organisms were isolated, majority of which were Carbapenem Resistant Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Enterobacteriaceae and Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusion: Multi drug resistant superbug infection is a worldwide menace. The best clinical practices, strict contact isolation, enhanced environmental cleaning and judicious use of appropriate antibiotics are the main strategies in this war. Need for newer more effective antibiotics cannot be overemphasized.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOYBEAN OIL ON MICE LUNG TISSUE INJURY AND ALVEOLAR HEMORRHAGE INDUCED BY BISPHENOL A
Authors: Shaukat Sadia , Kundi Hina , Ullah Qazi Waheed , Waheed Nazish , Deeba Farah , Iftikhar Shazia 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate histomorphological effects of Soybean oil supplementation on lung tissue injury and alveolar hemorrhage induced by Bisphenol A (BPA).
Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from Nov 2015 to Nov 2016.
Methodology: Forty (40) healthy BALB/c mice of 9-11 weeks of age, weighing between 30-37gm were housed in a controlled environment at National Institute of Health. Group 1 (10) was control group. Group 2 (10) was given a daily dose of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight of Bisphenol A and group 3 (10) was given a daily dose of 500 milligram of Soybean oil and group 4 (10) was concurrently given Bisphenol A and Soybean oil with daily doses of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight and 500 milligrams. After a period of 8 weeks, animals were dissected 24 hours after receiving the last dosage. Lung wet weight, animal weight and relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI) were calculated. Tissue processing & staining was done. Alveolar hemorrhage was histomorphologically and statistically analysed using SPSS-21.
Results: On microscopic examination, alveolar hemorrhage (AH) was observed in 10 (100%) group 2 specimens with increase in RTBWI and whereas only 5 (50%) of group 4 specimens had alveolar hemorrhage with slight improvement in relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI).
Conclusion: Bisphenol A (BPA) induced lung injury as evident by intraalveolar hemorrhage, blood vessel congestion and increased RTBWI ratio were ameliorated by concomitant administration of Soybean oil.