bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIGH VALUED LIMONENE IN ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACT FROM LIME PEEL WASTE FOR PARFUM INDUSTRY
Authors: Hasibuan Rosdanelli , Sundari Rita , Gultom Elisabeth , Anggraini Rini , Hidayati Juliza 
Published: September 2022

Limonene in essential oils is highly valuable attracts great interest of consumers due to its specific fragrance. It is not surprising that many big perfume industries are looking for high purified limonene found in essential oils of certain fruits and flowers. This study investigates the extraction process of essential oil from lime peel waste. This study has used two extraction methods, i.e. maceration method and Soxhlet technique. Two types of organic solvent applied, i.e. hexane and ethanol. This work studies the effect of extraction time, type of organic solvent, and extraction method on yield of extraction. Characterization studies as FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) Spectroscopy related to type of chemical bonding of limonene in essential oil and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry) related to limonene fragmentation have also investigated.
Serum angiopoietin 2 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies.
Authors: Elgenidy Anas , Awad Ahmed K , Afifi Ahmed M , Jalal Prasun K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background & Aims: HCC is characteristically a hypervascular tumor where angiogenesis is directly linked to its progression. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) promotes vascular remodeling as the Ang-2-Tie2 pathway suppresses interactions between endothelial cells and vascular mural cells: pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. However, the importance of Ang-2 has a controversial outcome between the studies, thus we aimed to systematically analyze the diagnostic utility of serum Ang-2 in patients with HCC in comparison with cirrhotic liver diseases.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases until Jan 2022, to identify studies assessing serum levels of Ang-2 in patients with HCC. Studies that measured Serum Angiopoietin 2 levels of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, articles that were published in peer-reviewed international journals and had enough data for qualitative and quantitative analysis were included with no language restriction.
We conducted our double-arm meta-analysis using the “meta” package in R version 4.1.0. Random-effects meta-analysis models were employed to estimate the pooled serum level on angiopoietin 2 level. The data was continuous, we used the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval to assess the estimated effect measure. A leave-one-out meta-analysis was performed to show how each individual study affects the overall estimate by removing one study alternately from the meta-analysis.
Results: Ten studies with 3175 patients met our criteria and were included in our meta-analysis. The serum level of Ang-2 was higher in the HCC group when compared to healthy participants, Chronic liver disease patients or patients with liver cirrhosis.
Ang-2 as a marker was compared between HCC and healthy participants with significant favor for HCC (p=0.00001). The cumulative mean difference was significant at 2.88 (95% CI of 1.87, 3.89). Furthermore, Ang-2 as a marker was compared between HCC and cirrhotic liver patients with significant favor for HCC (p=0.003) with significant mean difference(MD) 2.52 (95% CI of 0.85, 4.18), while when compared between HCC and Chronic liver disease patients revealed a significant favor for HCC (p=0.0002) with MD 1.93 (95% CI of 0.92, 2.93).The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio were 0.79, 0.89, 9.86, and 0.08, respectively. The summary ROC plot showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9816 and Q*=0.9403.
Conclusion: Having both high pooled sensitivity and specificity, serum Ang-2 shows the potential to have a vital role as an independent diagnostic marker in HCC over decades of other biomarkers used.
Doctors Can Step Into the ‘Rough Ground’ with Confidence: Confirmed Route to Cultivate Practical Wisdom in Ethical Decision-Making for the Medical Community
Authors: Malik Aisha. Y. , Conroy Mervyn , Hale Catherine , Turner Chris 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
It has been argued that phronesis (practical wisdom) has been reduced to following guidelines or a sequential algorithm and there is a call from medical practice to be provided with the means to apply phronesis to their decision-making without yet another set of guidelines. The concept of the phronesis virtue offers a way to navigate the complexity of any given situation through the ‘rough ground’ by drawing on acquired wisdom from self and a practice peer group to make good and wise decisions for the people served by the practice. Our research that informs the work to date involved collecting narratives of doctors’ lived experiences that transmit their ‘collective practical wisdom’ of what it means to make ethical decisions. This second paper provides evidence that phronesis can be cultivated within medical practice by using that ‘collective practical wisdom’ in the form of a film series and app as a unique contemporary moral debating resource. Here we summarise the outcomes and impact of a twelve-month evaluation of the application of those resources to medical and other healthcare practices.
Methods
Data collected answered two primary questions:
1. Do these resources work in educational or CPD programmes to support practitioners in cultivating practical wisdom in their ethical decision-making practice?
2. What does it mean to education providers and medical practitioners to be using the resources to enhance ethical decision-making?
Data were collected through open-ended question and interviews. We used the framework approach to analyse the data.
Results
The findings are grouped into subthemes which provided answers to two main themes: 1.impact on practice and 2. impact on education.
Conclusion
The paper evidences that these learning resources make a real difference to practice in terms of improving ethical decision-making for doctors and other healthcare professionals.
The implications are that these unique resources can be used by medical educators and practitioners with confidence that they will make a difference to ethical decision-making for patients and their communities. The wider implications are that other professions, globally, can learn to enhance their ethical decision-making whether that be by using these ‘collective practical wisdom’ resources as a starting point or by developing their own bespoke resources.
Study on the temporal and spatial trend of viral hepatitis in China from 2007 to 2019
Authors: Ming Ke , Zhang Xu , Wu Cui-ping , Ye Xiao-qing , He Hua-zhen , Chen Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To understand the temporal and spatial trend of viral hepatitis incidence in China and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis.
Method
Data on viral hepatitis reported in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China (excluding Macau Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan Province) from 2007 to 2019 were collected. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and annual percentage change (APC) were used to analyze the temporal trend of viral hepatitis. The spatial trend analysis, global spatial autocorrelation, and local spatial autocorrelation were used to analyze the spatial trend of viral hepatitis.
Results
The AAPC of incidence of viral hepatitis in China from 2007 to 2015 showed a downward trend (AAPC2007 − 2019 = -1.4; 95% CI: 2.5, 0.3; P < 0.01). The connection point of the trend curve was 2015. From 2007–2015, the curve showed a significant downward trend (APC2007 − 2015 = -2.51%; 95% CI: -3.6, -1.4; P < 0.01). From 2015–2019, the trend was not statistically significant (APC2015 − 2019 = 0.75%; 95% CI: -2.5, 4.1; P = 0.608). The average incidence rate of viral hepatitis showed a spatial trend of high in the south and low in the north, and high in the west and low in the east. The global spatial autocorrelation from 2007 to 2019 was positive (Moran's I > 0, P < 0.01), showing an aggregated pattern. The local spatial autocorrelation high-high (H-H) aggregated regions include Xinjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, and Guangdong; there is no high-low (H-L) aggregated regions; Low-high (L-H) aggregated regions include Tibet, Shaanxi and Gansu; and low-low (L-L) aggregated regions include Shanghai and Jiangsu.
Conclusion
The temporal change in the incidence of viral hepatitis in China from 2004 to 2019 generally showed a downward trend, but the spatial distribution was still aggregated. The H-H aggregated regions shifted from the northwestern region to the southern region, and regarding prevention and control of viral hepatitis, special attention should be paid to Guangdong and neighboring provinces.
The Prevalence of Abuse and risk factors associated with elder abuse
Authors: Khalili Zahra , Ghanbari-Afra Leila , Gholipour Fardeneh , Nemati Reza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
elder abuse is a neglected problem and many cases remain unreported. This study aimed to identify types of elder abuse and to investigate its associated risk factors.
Methods:
This cross sectional study was conducted on people over 60 years old in Ardabil, Iran. Data were collected using elder abuse questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22, Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression. The significance level was P < 0.05.
Results:
Among 500 participants, 377(75.4%) reported that they had experienced at least one type of abuse in the past year. The highest rate of elder abuse was observed regarding Emotional abuse (47.2%) and psychological abuse (40.8%), and the lowest rate was measured for ostracizing (15.4%) and physical abuse (12.4%). Result showed that elder abuse was significantly associated with Having a chronic illness and Number of children 1–4.
Conclusions:
Considering at least eight out of ten elderly people experienced on type of abuse. for the majority of the reported elder abuse cases at least two associated risk factors could be identified. Knowledge about these red flags and a multifaceted strategy are needed to identify and prevent elder abuse.
Kinetic and Mechanism of Cellulose Thermal Degradation
Authors: Abolpour Bahador , Abbaslou Hanie 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cellulose is one of the biomaterials that have been studied over recent decades due to the many wide applications with the potential to be used extensively as a future material. Flame controlling using cellulose is a key process for fire safety, energy management, and reducing environmental pollution. Therefore, kinetics of the thermal degradation of cellulosic materials is of interesting for researchers. Hence, in the present study, the reaction kinetics of cellulose thermal degradation is investigated using thermogravimetric method at temperature range of 580 to 610 K. Fitting method and model Free are used to obtain the governing mechanism and kinetics parameters of this phenomenon. It is obtained that the mechanism of this degradation process follows the geometrical contraction models. Dependency of the degradation rate on the amount of cellulose is obtained as power functions with 1/2 and 1/3 powers, which indicate the governance of the area and volume contracting mechanisms, respectively. Finally, the activation energy of cellulose degradation is obtained about 18 kJ.mol− 1.
Bivariate binary logistic regression analysis on undernutrition and anemia among under-five children in Rwanda; evidence from 2019/20 Rwanda demographic health survey
Authors: Asmare Abebew Aklog , Agmas Yitateku Adugna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground:In low and middle-income countries such as Rwanda, undernutrition and anemia were major causes of death and morbidity among children under the age of five. Thus, this study aims to conduct a bivariate binary logistic regression model by accounting for the possible dependency of childhood undernutrition and anemia.Methods:The data came from the DHS program's measurement. A total of 3,206 under-five children were involved in this study. A single composite index measure was calculated for stunting, wasting, and underweight using principal component analysis. A bivariate binary logistic regression model is used to assess the association between undernutrition and anemia given the effect of other predictors.Results:Among 3,206 under-five children considered in this study, 1482 (46.2%) and 658 (20.5%) children were agonized by anemia and undernutrition, respectively. Nearly half of the children (48.8%) were female and 83.0% lived in rural areas. Children from urban areas were 0.663 and 0.751 times less likely to be undernourished and anemic, respectively, as compared to children from rural areas, and multiple birth children were more likely to be undernourished and anemic as compared to single-birth children. Children from families with an improved water source were 0.681 and 0.581 times less likely to be anemic and undernourished, respectively, as compared to children from families without an improved water source. The estimated odds of children who had diarrhea were 1.134 and 1.052 times anemic and undernourished, respectively, as compared to children who had no diarrhea.Conclusion:The prevalence of both undernutrition and anemia was high in Rwanda. The following determinants are statistically associated with both childhood undernutrition and anemia: place of residence; source of drinking water; maternal anemia; being a twin; birth size of children; diarrhea; fever; and child age. Policy measures that reduce the burden of undernutrition and anemia can be applied to increase access to health care through providing vital services. Besides, it is better to strengthen the strategies of early recognition and organization of maternal anemia to decrease the prevalence of childhood undernutrition and anemia.
Investigating the asymmetric impact of renewable energy consumption and trade openness for carbon emission abatement: A case of India
Authors: Roy Hiranmoy , Rej Soumen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The present study tests the Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) for India incorporating important macro-economic variables - industry value added (IVA) and trade openness that will address how a structural change in the Indian economy (represented by IVA) is affecting environmental conditions along with other macro-economic variables per-capita GDP and renewable energy consumption. In most of the previous studies trade, openness, and industry value added were not included which are the most important variables affecting CO2 emission along with per-capita GDP and renewable energy consumption Most importantly, the asymmetric impact of renewable energy consumption and trade openness in the pathway of carbon neutralization in India has not yet been studied in the existing body of literature. Thus, we have applied a nonlinear ARDL (asymmetric ARDL) test to provide some policy-oriented guidelines in the context of India. The presence of EKC is further established by our study while examining the asymmetric impact of trade openness and renewable energy consumption in the pathway of correction of CO2 emissions over the period of 1970–2019 for India by utilizing non-linear ARDL techniques. The positive shock of renewable energy reduces CO2 emission while the negative shock intensifies emission. Investigating the positive shock of trade openness, it is found that CO2 emission increases the negative shock of trade openness pacifies emission. Structural change in the Indian economy leads exacerbate CO2 emissions both in the short and in long run.
Jel classification: C15, F18, O44, P18, Q56
Analysis of the effectiveness of pulmonary surfactant in the treatment of moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in infants and toddlers —a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Fang Boliang , Qian Suyun , Zeng Jiansheng , Li Kechun , Xu Feng , Lu Guoping , Ren Xiaoxu , Zhang Yucai , Jin Youpeng , Wang Ying , Liu Chunfeng , Cheng Yibing , Yang Qiaozhi , Xiao Shufang , Yang Yiyu , Huo Ximin , Lei Zhixian , Dang Hongxing , Liu Shuang , Wu Zhiyuan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine the effectiveness of exogenous pulmonary surfactant (PS) on moderate or severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in infants and toddlers who need invasive mechanical ventilation support.
Methods
We conducted a multicenter prospective non-randomized control study in 14 tertiary pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) across China from 2016.12.1 to 2021.12.1. Infants and toddlers aged from 29 d to 3 years old with moderate or severe PARDS who needed invasive mechanical ventilation support were included and divided into experimental and controlled groups. In the experimental group, PS with a single dose of 140 mg was used after PARDS onset and it would be used once to thrice with an interval of 8 h according to the improvement of oxygenation index (OI). Patients in both groups received standard care.
Results
101 patients were enrolled, 34 in PS group, 67 in control group. Demographic and baseline clinical data have no statistic differences. Mortality in the PS group is significantly lower (5.9%, 2/34 vs. 31.3%, 21/67, P = 0.004). The OI decrease within 24 hours in patients who use PS thrice is significantly faster than that in the control group [5.9 (2.53,12.73) vs. 2.6 (-2.2, 6.2), P = 0.048]. Subgroup analysis shows that OI improvement within 24 h (0.32 ± 0.21 vs. 0.02 ± 0.45, t = 2.08, P = 0.046) and 72 h [0.37 (0.17, 0.56) vs. 0.03 (-0.31, 0.40), z=-1.885, P = 0.059]is greater in PS-3 group compared to dead patients in control group.
Conclusions
Exogenous PS delivery may improve the pulmonary oxygenation in the acute phase of moderate or severe PARDS among infants and toddlers, thereby further decrease mortality. PS is expensive and should be used properly. Further study is needed to verify the effectiveness of PS in treating PARDS and identify the reasonable administration time and dosage.
Trial registration:
The research was registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry website (Registration Number: ChiCTR-ONC-16009213, 17/09/2016).
Real Time Crowd Analysis and Anomaly Detection
Authors: P AMINA , S Binu L 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Crowd analysis is gaining a lot of attention in both the technological and social aspects as the population expands. As certain crowdactivity cannot be assessed easily, These techniques differ dependingon the crowd. Strikes, protests, and other crowded events are commonin overpopulated cities. Parades and other public gatherings providea variety of security challenges. Security forces are frequently enlistedto keep an eye on these issues and ensuring the safety of those whoattend meetings. In these circumstances, ensuring the safety of thosewho attend meetings are challenging . Cutting-edge crowd control methods are necessary for an intelligent surveillance system. The goal of theproposed method is to find crowd analysis subfields, such as anomalydetection, that have not yet been well explored or that seem to beaddressed infrequently. Public data sets for indoor and outdoor useare used to evaluate the proposed system’s bespoke architecture. The Experimental findings demonstrate that the custom architecture performs better than the exixting Architectures.Our aim is to providerecent state-of-the-art algorithms to provide a novel strategy that canhelp with improved crowd surveillance and crowd activity analysis.
Analysis of 2D maps based on similarity in DFT‑calculated vs experimental 13C‑15N spin couplings for a representative sample of conformationally rigid and structurally fixed nitrogen‑containing organic compounds
Authors: Stanishevskiy Vladislav V. , Shestakova Alla K. , Chertkov Vyacheslav A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this work, we carried out an extended verification of the 13C‑15N spin‑spin coupling constants as a new structural indicator of nitrogen-containing organic compounds. In this regard, we performed a quantum-chemical calculation of a set of 193 spin-spin coupling values (B3LYP with basis functions 6-311++G(2df,2p)) for the set of all currently known conformationally rigid and structurally fixed nitrogen-containing compounds. Comparison of theoretical relationships with experimental ones shows a statistically significant good or excellent agreement. A parallel analysis of the variability of the calculated values of 13C‑15N spin bonds with the variability of experimental data within groups of related compounds turned out to be practically useful. The approach we have developed can be used to perfectly reasonable determine the signs of the 13C‑15N spin-spin interaction constants. It can also provide important additional information for assigning 13C peaks in cases where this cannot be done using standard NMR spectroscopy techniques.
Association between body composition and subsequent cardiovascular diseases among 5-year breast cancer survivors
Authors: Kim Ji Soo , Song Jihun , Choi Seulggie , Kim Sung Min , Park Young Jun , Park Sun Jae , Cho Yoosun , Oh Yun Hwan , Jeong Seogsong , Kim Kyae Hyung , Park Sang Min 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain one of the leading causes of mortality in breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to investigate the association between body composition and subsequent CVDs in breast cancer survivors.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of more than 70 thousand 5-year breast cancer survivors aged 40 years or older was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Based on the percentage of predicted lean body mass (pLBMP), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (pASMP), and body fat mass (pBFMP), which were calculated using prediction equations with anthropometric data and health habits, groups were equally divided into quartiles. The risk of CVD was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.Results: Compared to those with the lowest pLBMP and pASMP, those with the highest pLBMP and pASMP had a 37% and 42% lower risk of CVDs, respectively. In contrast, those with the highest pBFMP had a 57% higher risk of CVDs compared to those with the lowest pBFMP. Each 1 % increase in pLBMP and pASMP was associated with a decreased risk of CVDs [pLBMP, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98, p<0.05; pASMP, aHR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.95, p<0.05] while each 1 % increase in pBFMP was associated with the increased risk of CVDs (aHR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07, p<0.01). Conclusions: In this cohort study, high pLBMP, a high pASMP, and a low pBFMP were associated with reduced risk of CVDs.