bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metode notranjega fiksiranja križnice na črevnico – Pregled literature in analiza serije primerov fiksiranja z iliakalnim vijakom
Authors: Mohar Janez 
Published: June 2022

Da bi dosegli zatrditev med gibljivo ledveno hrbtenico in negibljivo križnico, so se ob razvoju instrumentacijskih sistemov za notranje fiksiranje prsno-ledvene hrbtenice razvijale kirurške tehnike, ki omogočajo podaljšati take sisteme na kostne elemente medenice. Izraz sakroiliakalno (SI) fiksiranje zajema vse instrumentacijske sisteme in kirurške tehnike za notranjo učvrstitev ledveno-križničnega predela hrbtenice na črevnico. Preprečevanje psevdoartroze kostne fuzije ledveno-križničnega prehoda, ki nastane na meji med dvema različnima strukturama (gibljivo ledveno hrbtenico in statičnim medeničnim obročem), je dandanes eden glavnih izzivov kirurškega zdravljenja deformacij ledvene hrbtenice pri odraslih. Ledveno-križnični prehod je biomehansko os vrtenja, ki v stranski ravnini poteka skozi posteriorni longitudinalni ligament v višini medvretenčne ploščice gibljivega segmenta L5-S1. Velikost ročice fleksijskega navora je odvisna od števila instrumentiranih ravni gibljive prsno-ledvene hrbtenice, za stabilnost sistema pa je potreben nasprotni navor, ki je zaradi kratke ročice odvisen predvsem od pričvrstitvene moči vsadka na kostne elemente medeničnega obroča. Sistemi SI-fiksiranja preprečujejo nastanek psevdoartroze kostne fuzije ledveno-križničnega prehoda, njen pojav pa je ob odsotnosti bioloških vzrokov (npr. okužba) odvisen izključno od trdnosti instrumentacijskega sistema (lomljivost materiala) in kakovosti fiksiranja instrumentarija na medenični obroč (omajanje na stiku med vsadkom in kostjo).
Indikacije za SI-fiksiranje so ledveno-križnična kostna fuzija (zatrditev) več kot treh ledvenih vretenc, razširjene korektivne osteotomije ledvenih vretenc, zlomi križnice s spinopelvično (SP) disociacijo, delna ali popolna sakrektomija, ledveno-križnična kostna fuzija pri osteoporotični kosti, spondilolisteza, ki je večja od II. stopnje po Meyerdingovi klasifikaciji, korekcija kifotične ali skoliotične deformacije ledvene hrbtenice in nagib medenice v čelni ravnini pri živčnomišičnih deformacijah ledvene hrbtenice.
Pregledni članek opisuje biomehaniko SP prehoda, predstavi zgodovino razvoja vsadkov ter kirurških tehnik in prikaže sodobne metode SI-fiksiranja.
A semi-automatic three-dimensional technique using a regionalized facial template enables facial growth assessment in healthy children from 1.5 to 5.0 years of age
Authors: Bruggink Robin , Baan Frank , Brons Sander , Loonen Tom G.J. , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne Marie , Maal Thomas J.J. , Ongkosuwito Edwin M. 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
To develop a semi-automatic technique to evaluate normative facial growth in healthy children between the age of 1.5 and 5.0 years using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric images.

Materials and Methods
Three-dimensional facial images of healthy children at 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 years of age were collected and positioned based on a reference frame. A general face template was used to extract the face and its separate regions from the full stereophotogrammetric image. Furthermore, this template was used to create a uniform distributed mesh, which could be directly compared to other meshes. Average faces were created for each age group and mean growth was determined between consecutive groups for the full face and its separate regions. Finally, the results were tested for intra- and inter-operator performance.

Results
The highest growth velocity was present in the first period between 1.5 and 2.0 years of age with an average of 1.50 mm (±0.54 mm) per six months. After 2.0 years, facial growth velocity declined to only a third at the age of 5.0 years. Intra- and inter-operator variability was small and not significant.

Conclusions
The results show that this technique can be used for objective clinical evaluation of facial growth. Example normative facial averages and the corresponding facial growth between the age 1.5 and 5.0 years are shown.

Clinical Relevance
This technique can be used to collect and process facial data for objective clinical evaluation of facial growth in the individual patient. Furthermore, these data can be used as normative data in future comparative studies.
Adversity Quotient and Work Commitment among Public Secondary School Teachers in Davao City
Authors: Baog Ismael W. , Cagape Wenefredo E. 
Published: June 2022

Aims: To determine the relationship between the teachers’ adversity quotient and work commitment and the effect of teachers’ demographic profile in both variables.
Study Design: Descriptive-correlational
Place and Duration of Study: This was conducted in the Division of Davao City more specifically Cluster 1 and Cluster 3 from November 2020 to June 2021
Methodology: This research used stratified random sampling technique to identify 623 respondents. It utilized questionnaires developed by Stoltz (1997) and Celep (2000). Both questionnaires were adapted and modified to fit the need of the research locale and environment where the study was being conducted.
Results: The findings showed that most of the respondents were female and most aged were from 20 to 49 years old. The majority of teachers were less than 10 years in the government service with a teacher I position and not attended graduate studies. Furthermore, the teachers’ adversity quotient was below average and teachers’ work commitment was at a high level; teachers’ adversity quotient was positively associated with teachers’ work commitment. Moreover, the results confirmed that females have a significantly higher level of work commitment than males; all other teachers’ demographic profile were not significantly influenced teachers’ adversity quotient and work commitment.
Conclusion: The study concludes that teachers tend to recover slowly from adversities; teachers' adversity quotient affects their work commitment, and female teachers are more committed to their work compared with male teachers. The study recommends for teachers to attend personality development activities to improve their adversity quotient; the Human Resource Management Office (HRMO) of the school may utilize the data for policy making towards increasing teacher’s adversity quotient and work commitment. Additionally, further studies through qualitative research and similar studies in other clusters or districts both rural and urban areas are also recommended.
Phenolic Compounds of Rumex L: Aerial Part Fractions and Essential Oil Results of In vitro Screening for Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Shermatova G. D. , Bobakulov Kh. M. , Shamuratov B. A. , Mavlyanov S. M. , Zhang Y. J. , Eshbakova K. A. , Azimova Sh. S. , Sasmakov S. A. 
Published: June 2022

The aim of the present study to clarify the phytochemical constituents of Rumex plants, extraction, separation and structural identification of chemical components, provide theoretical support and scientific basis for its traditional use, further expand the application scope of traditional medicinal plant resources in Uzbekistan, and develop its potential value. Three known anthraquinone derivatives has been isolated from the chloroform fraction extract of Rumex pamiricus roots and two known compounds were separated from the ethyl acetate fraction extract of Rumex conglomeratus roots. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic evidence and chemical methods. Qualitative analyses of major phenolics by TLC analysis were also evaluated. The ester oil from the aerial parts of Rumex confertus and Rumex pamiricus, the gasoline, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of Rumex pamiricus aerial part and alcohol extract of Rumex pamiricus roots were tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity.
This study aimed to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the medicinal plants traditionally used in Uzbekistan against the microbial strains associated with infectious diseases.
Soil Quality Indicators under Conventional and Organic Coffee Farming Systems in Rwanda
Authors: Maniraho Eric , Nkezabera Jean Adolphe , Mupenzi Christophe , Nishimwe Gaudence 
Published: June 2022

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the soil quality under conventional and organic coffee farming Systems
Study Design: Two farming systems were selected: Conventional and Organic systems under coffee plantations.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out between May 2021 and March 2022. The soil samples were collected from Karaba coffee growers’ cooperative (KOAKAKA) within Karambi coffee washing station zone in Kigoma Sector of Huye District, Southern Province of Rwanda. The soil samples were analyzed in Research and postgraduate laboratory of soil and plant at University of Rwanda Biotechnology Laboratory Complex.
Methodology: The soil samples were collected across three selected plots from each coffee production system under study. Both disturbed and non-disturbed soil samples were collected from each plot at (0–30 cm) depth to assess selected soil quality indicators.
Results: This study found a significant difference in total organic carbon, organic matter and earthworms abundance between two studied systems. The findings also revealed higher aggregate stability, electrical conductivity, moisture content, soil pH water in the organic coffee farming system than conventional coffee farming system with 0.665, 0.051 (dS/m), 23.84 (%), 5.47 respectively.
Conclusion: Organic farming system provided higher soil qualities, it could improve soil conditions and reduce the demand for inorganic fertilizers hence improve people’s livelihood.
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder amongst Surgical Residents of Lahore
Authors: Fatima Noor Ul Ain , Tariq Sania , Rasheed Sidra , Zulfiqar Saba , Batool Sadia , Hussain Syed Usama 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The psychological state of the doctors independently is a danger that is frequently undervalued and neglected in many clinical environments. Whilst also treating patients in intense pain and existence injuries, doctors could feel afraid and acute stress in either themselves.
Objectives: To regulate the occurrence of PTSD between surgical trainees also correlation of PTSD with demographic profile and well-being in Lahore and Islamabad.
Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted in Surgery and allied departments of Mayo Hospital, Services Hospital, Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore General Hospital, Gulab Devi Hospital, Sheikh Zaid Hospital, Punjab Institute of Cardiology and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, on 207 surgical trainees. It was a cross sectional descriptive study and stratified random sampling was used to collect data. Our current research was organized from April 2018 to April 2020. Non-surgical and non-Pakistan based surgeons were excluded from the study. Questionnaires were designed with PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 and WHO well-being index. SPSS v25 was used for data analysis.
Results: For 164 returned surveys average age remained 29.2 (SD 2.9) years; 100/164 respondents remained male. Average years in training remained 2.66 (SD 1.4). Average PCL-5 score remained 14. 31/164 respondents had cut off score ≥ 33. 38/164 respondents met the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Females were more likely to have PTSD p=0.016(<0.05). Correlation between PCL-5 score and WHO well-being index was found to be significant at the 0.000 level, showing a -0.332 Pearson correlation value.
Conclusion: PTSD will be much more prevalent in surgical interns than in the general public. Recognizing and managing this threat is critical for trainee psychological health and quality care.
Excavations in a prehistoric landscape at Blackford, Perth & Kinross, 2007–8
Authors: O'Connell Chris , Anderson Sue , Clarke Ann , Cressey Michael , Ellis Clare , Hastie Mhairi , Hunter Fraser , Johnson Melanie , McLaren Dawn 
Published: June 2022

The extensive remains of enclosed and unenclosed prehistoric settlements, including the remains of at least 14 circular structures, were discovered within ten areas of archaeological interest, situated on well-drained knolls in an undulating landscape north of Blackford village. The settlements have been dated principally to the Middle and Late Bronze Age, although continued habitation can be traced through to the Early Iron Age. Most of the structures were probably roundhouses, and were likely to have been the foci of domestic and economic life across generations. The remains ranged from single isolated structures to groups of closely spaced structures. Some were enclosed by palisades, possibly for defence, others were not. Diachronic changes in architecture are readily identifiable. The community made their living from a mixed farming economy, with some craft production also undertaken. Evidence for funerary rites was rare, but what little there was suggests that the dead were cremated and buried in urns.
Analyses of national mountain lion harvest indices yield ambiguous interpretations
Authors: Elbroch L. Mark , Petracca Lisanne S. , O'Malley Connor , Robinson Hugh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Wildlife managers make difficult decisions about how best to ensure sustainable wildlife populations. This is especially contentious in the absence of accurate abundance data. Currently, many managers rely upon harvest metrics to monitor mountain lion abundance and to set management objectives.
We analysed mountain lion harvest data from 2005 to 2016 across 10 U.S. states to determine mountain lion metapopulation trends.
Our results were ambiguous and suggested conflicting population trends. Three hunting metrics indicated that the metapopulation was declining, two metrics could be interpreted as support for either an increasing or decreasing metapopulation and one metric indicated that the mountain lion metapopulation was stable.
This ambiguity may indicate that some metrics better reflect carnivore abundance than others or that harvest metrics are a poor method for monitoring carnivore abundance. This is a concern because ambiguity in population trends may also fuel conflict between different stakeholder groups with different views of mountain lions.
To avoid future ambiguity and to mitigate dissension among stakeholders, state agencies might consider a collaborative integrated population model to monitor mountain lions at a national scale.
Innovating aircraft control systems with the use of artificial intelligence and electronics
Authors: Abdul‐Aziz Qasim , Hashemi Hassan H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite all the research being done in an attempt to bridge the gap between control systems and artificial intelligence, there is still an immense risk of failure and instability that exists. One particular application that this research will look into and expand on is aircraft control mechanisms. This article will examine the existing uncertainties within these systems that could be suspected as the cause of failure in the artificial control operation of an aircraft. This study will act as a further extension of research on the feedback linearization of an aircraft's control architecture using adaptive neural networks to decrease the probability of an uncontrolled error resulting from the nonlinearity of the aircraft's dynamic characteristics. The stability of previously implemented mechanisms to control aircraft systems will also be investigated. This research will require a thorough approach and understanding of various possible areas of malfunction and instability caused by multiple factors, including, external interferences and inefficiencies that accumulate within the controller that can mislead or cause an undesirable effect on the system. Examining similar areas where this study may be used for further research, while also discussing opportunities to apply these procedures to relatable applications will be analyzed, as it is of key importance for the progression of this technology.
3D Bioprinted Silk‐Based In Vitro Osteochondral Model for Osteoarthritis Therapeutics
Authors: Singh Yogendra Pratap , Moses Joseph Christakiran , Bandyopadhyay Ashutosh , Mandal Biman B. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract3D bioprinting of osteochondral tissue offers unique opportunities for enabling precise pharmacological interventions in osteoarthritis (OA). The current study investigates the screening potential of anti‐inflammatory drugs using bioprinted inflamed human osteochondral units. The biomimetic hierarchical geometry is bioprinted using silk‐based bioinks encapsulating pre‐differentiated stem cells, creating an in vitro model. Inflammation is stimulated in the model, using tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and Interleukin‐1 beta pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The resultant degeneration, akin to OA, is flagged by key markers like sulfated glycosaminoglycan, collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and downregulation of osteochondral transcript levels. In the next step, the screening of anti‐inflammatory drugs is validated using celecoxib and rhein. Consequently, in the inflamed constructs, the initial upregulation of the key inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, Prostaglandin E2), is subsequently downregulated, post‐drug treatment. In addition, catabolic markers (matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase‐1), indicative of hypertrophic and apoptosing chondrocytes, are significantly downregulated in the treatment groups; while the transcript and protein levels required for osteochondral health are attenuated. Therefore, the in vitro model mimicks the inflammation in the early stages of OA, and corroborates a potential high‐throughput platform for screening novel anti‐inflammatory drugs in OA therapeutics.
Composite Superelastic Aerogel Scaffolds Containing Flexible SiO2 Nanofibers Promote Bone Regeneration
Authors: Liu Mingyue , Shafiq Muhammad , Sun Binbin , Wu Jinglei , Wang Wei , EL‐Newehy Mohamed , EL‐Hamshary Hany , Morsi Yosry , Ali Onaza , Khan Atta ur Rehman , Mo Xiumei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRepairing irregular‐shaped bone defects poses enormous challenges. Scaffolds that can fully fit the defect site and simultaneously induce osteogenesis and angiogenesis hold great promise for bone defect healing. This study aimed to produce superelastic organic/inorganic composite aerogel scaffolds by blending silica nanofibers (SiO2) and poly (lactic acid)/gelatin (PLA/gel) nanofibers; the content of SiO2 nanofibers is varied from 0–60 wt% (e.g., PLA/gel, PLA/gel/SiO2‐L, PLA/gel/SiO2‐M, and PLA/gel/SiO2‐H for 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% of SiO2 nanofibers, respectively) to produce a range of scaffolds. The PLA/gel/SiO2‐M scaffold has excellent elasticity and good mechanical properties. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the silicon ions released from PLA/gel/SiO2‐M scaffolds promote the differentiation of rat bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, enhancing alkaline phosphatase activity and bone‐related genes expressions. The released silicon ions also promote the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factors, thereby promoting angiogenesis. The assessment of these scaffolds in a calvarial defect model in rats shows good potential of PLA/gel/SiO2‐M to induce bone regeneration as well as promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Overall, these organic/inorganic composite scaffolds have good biological activity, which may have broad applications for tissue engineering.
Body Temperature Enhanced Adhesive, Antibacterial, and Recyclable Ionic Hydrogel for Epidermal Electrophysiological Monitoring
Authors: Liu Ying , Wang Chan , Xue Jiangtao , Huang Guanhua , Zheng Shuang , Zhao Ke , Huang Jing , Wang Yiqian , Zhang Yan , Yin Tailang , Li Zhou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHydrogel‐based epidermal electrodes attract widespread attention in health monitoring and human‐machine interfaces for their good biocompatibility, skin‐matched Young's modulus, and stable in situ electrophysiological recording performance. However, it is difficult to make the exact conformal attachment between skin and electrodes because of the hair, wrinkles, as well as complex, curved contours of the skin. This also results in signal distortion and large noise. Here, a body temperature enhanced skin‐adhesive epidermal electrode is proposed based on non‐covalent cross‐linked network ionic hydrogel. The ionic hydrogel is fabricated by the polyvinyl alcohol, branched polyethyleneimine, and calcium chloride (CaCl2), which demonstrates impressive performances including ultra‐stretchability of 1291%, great adhesion to skin and other non‐biological materials, stable conductivity of 3.09 S m−1, recyclability, and outstanding antibacterial ability, simultaneously. Specifically, the adhesion of the ionic hydrogel behaves as temperature‐sensitive and could be enhanced by body temperature. Furthermore, the ionic hydrogel is utilized as epidermal electrodes, which display seductive capability to record multifarious electrophysiological signals with high signal‐to‐noise ratio and ultra‐low detection limit, including electrocardiogram, electromyogram, and electroencephalogram. The as‐proposed body temperature enhanced skin‐adhesive ionic hydrogel brings intelligent functions and broadens the way for epidermal electronics, promoting the development of healthcare electronics.
SERS Hotspot Engineering by Aerosol Self‐Assembly of Plasmonic Ag Nanoaggregates with Tunable Interparticle Distance
Authors: Li Haipeng , Merkl Padryk , Sommertune Jens , Thersleff Thomas , Sotiriou Georgios A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful sensing technique. However, the employment of SERS sensors in practical applications is hindered by high fabrication costs from processes with limited scalability, poor batch‐to‐batch reproducibility, substrate stability, and uniformity. Here, highly scalable and reproducible flame aerosol technology is employed to rapidly self‐assemble uniform SERS sensing films. Plasmonic Ag nanoparticles are deposited on substrates as nanoaggregates with fine control of their interparticle distance. The interparticle distance is tuned by adding a dielectric spacer during nanoparticle synthesis that separates the individual Ag nanoparticles within each nanoaggregate. The dielectric spacer thickness dictates the plasmonic coupling extinction of the deposited nanoaggregates and finely tunes the Raman hotspots. By systematically studying the optical and morphological properties of the developed SERS surfaces, structure–performance relationships are established and the optimal hot‐spots occur for interparticle distance of 1 to 1.5 nm among the individual Ag nanoparticles, as also validated by computational modeling, are identified for the highest signal enhancement of a molecular Raman reporter. Finally, the superior stability and batch‐to‐batch reproducibility of the developed SERS sensors are demonstrated and their potential with a proof‐of‐concept practical application in food‐safety diagnostics for pesticide detection on fruit surfaces is explored.