bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated regional citrate anticoagulation based on online monitoring of ionized calcium concentration: Proof of concept
Authors: Bi Xiao , Zhang Qi , Ding Damin , Zhang Tao , Lu Jianxin , Wu Zhenkai , Li Jiaolun , Ding Feng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRegional citrate anticoagulation (RCA), a complex and effective technique, is recommended as the anticoagulation of choice for continuous renal replacement therapy. One of its key objectives is to keep the ionized calcium in the targeted range. In this study, we aimed to develop an automated RCA based on online monitoring of the ionized calcium concentration and closed‐loop feedback.MethodsWe constructed calcium‐selective electrodes with liquid inner contact, which measured a potentiometric signal as the output. We tested the responses, stability, and selectivity of the electrodes in flowing fluid containing calcium chloride. We compared the measurement accuracy between the electrodes and an i‐STAT system in vivo. Moreover, we established closed‐loop feedback using a proportional–integral–derivative controller model. We performed simulated automated RCA both in vivo and in vitro.ResultsThe electrode gave a Nernstian response to the variation of ionized calcium concentration. It showed high stability and a relatively short response time. Changes in the fluid flow rate, solution PH, and addition of metal ions including Mg2+ and K+ did not interfere with the measurements of ionized calcium. These measurements in whole blood by the electrode were very close to those assessed by the i‐STAT system. The feedback control system responded quickly to an abnormal ionized calcium concentration and regulated the infusion rates of calcium or citrate to maintain the concentration of ionized calcium within the targeted range.ConclusionsWe successfully trialed automated RCA, which may help simplify the complexities of RCA in the future.
“Kissing” basaloid follicular hamartomas of the eyelid
Authors: Ezemma Ogechi , Ragi Sara D. , Ruiz Renata , Robinson‐Bostom Leslie , Enzer Yoash , DiMarco Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBasaloid follicular hamartomas (BFHs) are rare, benign, cutaneous adnexal tumors characterized by branching cords and anastomosing strands of basaloid cells in a loose, fibrous stroma. BFHs exhibit variable clinical presentations although they are commonly observed as skin‐colored papules and are diagnosed based on histopathological features. Common systemic diseases associated with BFH include alopecia, myasthenia gravis, and palmoplantar pitting. BFH of the eyelid is extremely rare with only five cases reported in the literature to date. Congenital “kissing” lesions have only previously been reported with nevi. Here, we present a novel case of congenital “kissing” BFH of the right upper and right lower eyelid, and histopathological examination revealed intradermal nodules of basaloid cells forming reticulated strands, pseudohorn cysts, mucinous stroma, and palisading with CD34 and Bcl‐2 expression in the stromal fibroblasts and periphery, respectively.
Excitability of the radiculo‐medullary circuitry in spastic cerebral palsy: An intraoperative neurophysiological study in children undergoing selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Sindou Marc , Georgoulis George , Joud Anthony , Neromyliotis Eleftherios , Dinopoulos Argyrios 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo explore – through intraoperative neurophysiology mapping and recordings – the comparative distribution of the reflexive excitability of the L2 to S2 radiculo‐metameric segments of the spinal cord in a series of children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP) who underwent selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR).MethodOur series included 46 consecutive children (36 males, 10 females; aged 5–16 years, mean 8 years) who underwent SDR, using keyhole interlaminar dorsal rhizotomy. The procedure allowed access to all L2 to S2 roots independently, while preserving the posterior architecture of the lumbar spine. Dorsal roots were stimulated selectively to test reflexive excitability of the corresponding radiculo‐metameric levels. Stimulation parameters were identical for all roots for optimal comparison between root levels, with an intensity just above threshold to avoid excessive diffusion. The responses in the main muscular groups in each lower limb were clinically observed and electromyograms recorded. Degrees of excitability were quantified according to Fasano's scale.ResultsThe difference between root levels was highly significant. Median values of excitability were 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, and 3 for the L2, L3, L4, L5, S1, and S2 levels respectively. Lower root levels exhibited significantly more excitability.InterpretationIn addition to insight into the spasticity of children with CP, the profile of segmental excitability can be useful in establishing surgical planning when programming SDR.What this paper adds

Keyhole interlaminar dorsal rhizotomy modality allowed selective stimulation of all L2–S2 dorsal roots for testing excitability.
There were significant differences in reflexive excitability of L2–S2 radiculo‐medullary segments.
Lower segments of L2–S2 medullary levels have higher excitability.
Interindividual variability in excitability of lumbosacral segments justifies intraoperative neurophysiology.

This original article is commented on by Young on pages 9–10 of this issue.
Building a nest in a storm: The impact of immigration‐related stress on Latino mothers' parenting
Authors: Fuentes‐Balderrama Jaime , Vanderziel Alyssa , Parra‐Cardona José Rubén 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLatina/o immigrant mothers in the United States (U.S.) often experience discrimination, which results in deleterious impacts on their parenting practices. Because of the cumulative impact of immigration‐related stress, there is a need for research aimed at identifying specific contextual stressors that have the greatest impact on Latina/o immigrant parenting. Further, given significant barriers to access mental health services, there is an urgency to comprehend how pre‐existing family strengths might counteract these parenting shortcomings in Latina/o families. Accordingly, we examined in these investigation‐specific pathways through which immigration‐related stress affects maternal parenting practices, and how emotional and relational processes within families might act as predecessors to positive parenting practices within a context of adversity. This study is embedded within a larger program of research aimed at culturally adapting evidence‐based parenting programs for low‐income Latina/o immigrants. Our sample consisted of 71 Mexican‐origin Latina/o mothers, residents of an urban setting in the Midwest. According to Bayesian estimated path analysis, immigration‐related stress was associated with parenting stress and emotional support, while emotional support, parenting stress, and the co‐parenting alliance were associated with positive parenting practices. Indirect effects demonstrate that immigration‐related stress is negatively associated with positive parenting practices when mediated by parenting stress and emotional support. Current findings highlight the need to carefully examine the impact of immigration‐related stress on the parenting practices of Latina/o immigrant families and the need to inform parent training interventions accordingly.
Homoarginine treatment of rats improves cardiac function and remodeling in response to pressure overload
Authors: Koch Vitali , Gruenewald Leon D. , Gruber‐Rouh Tatjana , Martin Simon , Eichler Katrin , Booz Christian , Yel Ibrahim , Vogl Thomas J. , Buchner Kristina , Hagenmueller Marco , März Winfried , Frey Norbert , Hardt Stefan E. , Riffel Johannes H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLow serum concentrations of the amino acid homoarginine (HA) are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality by incompletely understood mechanisms. This study sought to assess the influence of HA on cardiac remodeling in rats undergoing either transaortic banding or inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by Nω‐Nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L‐NAME). Male Wistar rats (n = 136) underwent sham operation (SH) or aortic banding (AB). Both groups were equally divided into 14 subgroups, receiving different doses of HA alone or in combination with lisinopril, spironolactone, or L‐NAME for 4 weeks. HA treatment in AB animals resulted in a dose‐dependent improvement of cardiac function up to a concentration of 800 mg·kg−1·day−1. Combining 800 mg·kg−1·day−1 HA with spironolactone or lisinopril yielded additional effects, showing a positive correlation with LV ejection fraction (+33%, p = 0.0002) and fractional shortening (+41%, p = 0.0014). An inverse association was observed with collagen area fraction (−41%, p < 0.0001), myocyte cross‐sectional area (−22%, p < 0.0001) and the molecular markers atrial natriuretic factor (−74%, p = 0.0091), brain natriuretic peptide (−42%, p = 0.0298), beta‐myosin heavy chain (−46%, p = 0.0411), and collagen type V alpha 1 chain (−73%, p = 0.0257) compared to placebo‐treated AB animals. Co‐administration of HA and L‐NAME was found to attenuate cardiac remodeling and prevent NO‐deficient hypertension following AB. HA treatment has led to a dose‐dependent improvement of myocardial function and marked histological and molecular changes in cardiac remodeling following AB. Combining HA with standard heart failure medication resulted in additional beneficial effects boosting its direct impact on heart failure pathophysiology.
Resist, accept, and direct responses to biological invasions: A social–ecological perspective
Authors: Dunham Jason , Benjamin Joseph R. , Lawrence David J. , Clifford Katherine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBiological invasions represent an important and unique case of ecological transformation that can strongly influence species and entire ecosystems. Challenges in managing invasions arise on multiple fronts, ranging from diverse and often divergent values associated with native and introduced species, logistical constraints, and transformation via other change agents (e.g., climate and land‐use change). We address biological invasions considering the Resist‐Accept‐Direct (RAD) framework for addressing ecological transformation. Because RAD is focused on decisions, we address both social and ecological factors that influence preferences for decision alternatives. We address social factors first as these can constrain the range of alternatives considered in an ecological context. Next, we address ecological dynamics by modeling trajectories from RAD alternatives in a two‐species scenario involving impacts of introduced brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) on native bull trout (S. confluentus). Results reveal that decision alternatives aligned with each of the major components of RAD can produce positive outcomes. In a management context, these findings highlight the value of investing in early engagement to fully identify decision alternatives, formalizing models of system dynamics to understand ecological trajectories, and applying this knowledge to set the stage for longer term efforts to address biological invasions.
Bound phenolics in rice bran dietary fibre released by different chemical hydrolysis methods: content, composition and antioxidant activities
Authors: Zhao Guanghe , Zhang Ruifen , Dong Lihong , Liu Lei , Huang Fei , Jia Xuchao , Deng Mei , Chi Jianwei , Ma Yongxuan , Chen Yanxia , Ma Qin , Zhang Mingwei 
Published: June 2022

SummaryPhenolics in whole grains naturally occur in free and bound forms, and are dominated by the latter. Previous study indicated that bound phenolics played an indispensable role in the health benefits of whole grain dietary fibre. However, existing extraction methods can only partly release bound phenolics, which results in an underestimation of their contents and activity. The content, composition and antioxidant activity of bound phenolics released from rice bran dietary fibre (RBDF) by different chemical hydrolysis methods were analysed in this study to explore a method releasing much more bound phenolics. The results showed that alkaline hydrolysis could release 1.54 times more phenolics than acid hydrolysis. The combination of 2 hydrolysis methods, especially alkaline‐acid hydrolysis (the residue after alkaline hydrolysis was then hydrolysed with acid), could more effectively release bound phenolics from RBDF. The 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant activity of the RBDF hydrolysates from different hydrolysis methods were generally consistent with their phenolic contents. However, the alkaline hydrolysate had 7.62% less phenolics, but showed 53.03% higher CAA activity than the acid‐alkaline hydrolysate. The RBDF residues after different chemical hydrolysis, furthermore, exhibited considerable DPPH and FRAP activity by QUENCHER method, indicating their possible local antioxidant activity in the colonic microenviroment.
Process of developing models of maternal nutrition interventions integrated into antenatal care services in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and India
Authors: Sanghvi Tina , Nguyen Phuong Hong , Ghosh Sebanti , Zafimanjaka Maurice , Walissa Tamirat , Karama Robert , Mahmud Zeba , Tharaney Manisha , Escobar‐Alegria Jessica , Dhuse Elana Landes , Kim Sunny S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntegrating nutrition interventions into antenatal care (ANC) requires adapting global recommendations to fit existing health systems and local contexts, but the evidence is limited on the process of tailoring nutrition interventions for health programmes. We developed and integrated maternal nutrition interventions into ANC programmes in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso, Ethiopia and India by conducting studies and assessments, developing new tools and processes and field testing integrated programme models. This paper elucidates how we used information and data to contextualize a package of globally recommended maternal nutrition interventions (micronutrient supplementation, weight gain monitoring, dietary counselling and counselling on breastfeeding) and describes four country‐specific health service delivery models. We developed a Theory of Change to illustrate common barriers and strategies for strengthening nutrition interventions during ANC. We used multiple information sources including situational assessments, formative research, piloting and pretesting results, supply assessments, stakeholder meetings, household and service provider surveys and monitoring data to design models of maternal nutrition interventions. We developed detailed protocols for implementing maternal nutrition interventions; reinforced staff capacity, nutrition counselling, monitoring systems and community engagement processes; and addressed micronutrient supplement supply bottlenecks. Community‐level activities were essential for complementing facility‐based services. Routine monitoring data, rapid assessments and information from intensified supervision were important during the early stages of implementation to improve the feasibility and scalability of models. The lessons from addressing maternal nutrition in ANC may serve as a guide for tackling missed opportunities for nutrition within health services in other contexts.
Paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in the rabbit
Authors: Leonard Katherine C. , Zhao Qianqian , Taber Rachel H. , Colopy Sara A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the paracostal approach to caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits and compare the outcome of paracostal versus ventral midline approach for caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits with caudate liver lobe torsion (LLT).Study designCadaveric and retrospective study.AnimalsNormal rabbit cadavers (n = 5) and rabbits with caudate LLT (n = 22).MethodsCadavers – a right paracostal or ventral midline approach was made. Accessibility of the caudate liver lobe and relationship to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract were assessed. Clinical LLT cases – 9 cases were treated via the paracostal approach and 13 were treated via the ventral midline approach. Medical records (January, 2018 to October, 2021) were reviewed. Anesthesia and surgical times, mortality rate, and relevant clinical data were compared between groups.ResultsIn cadavers, caudate liver lobectomy was feasible through a paracostal approach without retraction of the GI tract. In clinical cases, there was no difference in anesthesia time (P = 0.1397) or surgical time (P = 0.9462) between groups. All rabbits that underwent paracostal approach survived to discharge. Mortality was lower (P = .053) and postoperative time until eating was shorter (P = .0238) for patients undergoing paracostal approach.ConclusionRabbits experienced lower mortality and shorter time until eating when treated through a right paracostal approach compared to the ventral midline approach. The paracostal approach resulted in minimal to no manipulation of the GI tract.Clinical significanceA right paracostal approach for caudate liver lobectomy in rabbits provides good exposure while avoiding GI tract manipulation. This approach may result in improved survival and earlier eating in rabbits with caudate LLT.
Swirl Ratio Prediction Model in Rotor-Stator Cavity With Superposed Outward Radial Throughflow Based on Region Partition
Authors: Du Qiang , Xie Lei , Liu Guang , Lian Zengyan , Liu Jun , Ren Ran 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Rotor-Stator cavity (R-S cavity) is a prototype model in many engineering applications such as gas turbine secondary air systems. The flow characteristics of the R-S cavity are relatively complex considering the rotation effect. A radial through flow is usually superposed in the R-S cavity, further complicating the fluid motion. The flow inside an R-S cavity with a superposed radial throughflow can be divided into four regions based on flow characteristics: a source region, a rotor entrainment layer, a rotating core, and a mixing region. In the present work, a one-dimensional (1-D) radial swirl ratio predictive model is built and verified based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results in the rotor entrainment layer and rotating core region. A swirl ratio gradient governing equation is deduced at first. The equation involves two scale factors CS and CR which are related to the stator and rotor friction correspondingly. The governing equation in the rotor entrainment layer is further simplified by neglecting the stator friction factor CS where the rotor friction prevails. Then, based on the discretized governing equation, CR and CS are determined via approximation with CFD results. Correlations between CR, CS, and nondimensional radial through flowrate cw are determined and verified. The obtained correlations and the discretized governing equation together form the complete swirl ratio, predictive model. The model accuracy is described by cross-correlation coefficients, which show a good agreement. The 1-D model is then implemented to different rotating speed cases, based on which the model portability is discussed.
Trampoline centre injuries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nunez Carlos , Eslick Guy D , Elliott Elizabeth J 
Published: June 2022

ContextNo evidence-based review has compared injury risks sustained on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres.ObjectiveTo present pooled results for injury type, site and treatment from studies reporting injuries that occurred on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar and Embase databases were searched to 31 December 2021.Study selectionInclusion criteria: (1) assessment of trampoline injuries (home and trampoline centres); (2) children and adolescents; (3) the point estimate was reported as an odds ratio (OR); and (4) an internal comparison was used.Data extractionData were reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used to estimate effect.ResultsThere were 1 386 843 injuries (n=11 studies). There was an increased likelihood of musculoskeletal and/or orthopaedic injuries (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.61, p<0.001), lower extremity injury (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.97, p<0.001), sprains (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.97, p<0.001) and a need for surgery (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.60, p<0.001) at trampoline centres compared with home trampolines. Conversely, upper extremity injury (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.95, p=0.03), concussion (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.65, p<0.001) and lacerations (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.59, p<0.001) were less likely to occur at trampoline centres than at home.ConclusionsChildren using trampoline centres are more likely to suffer severe trauma and require surgical intervention than children using home trampolines. Development and implementation of preventative strategies, public awareness, and mandatory safety standards are urgently required for trampoline centres.
Postconcussion discharge advice does not improve concussion knowledge in a community sample
Authors: Sullivan Karen , Kinmond Sally , Singaravelu Jaganathan Kannan 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivePoor concussion knowledge in the community has been linked to reduced injury identification. This study investigated if concussion knowledge could be improved by providing standard postinjury advice (written brochure).MethodsThis study was a prospective, controlled study, with random allocation of 199 Australian adults to receive either a concussion information (CI, n=101), or non-CI (n=98). All participants completed the Rosenbaum Concussion Knowledge and Attitudes Survey on three occasions: pre-education and posteducation, and 1 week later.ResultsA 2 (condition) × 3 (occasion) mixed analysis of variance with concussion knowledge as the dependent variable did not find a statistically significant interaction (p>0.05). This result was unchanged: (1) with the covariate addition of background education and; (2) in a subgroup analysis (individuals with initially ‘low’ self-rated knowledge). Some key misconceptions about concussion were identified.ConclusionThe community knowledge of concussion was not significantly improved by the concussion advice. Since injury recognition relies ton an extent on community knowledge, the identified misconceptions should be addressed. This could occur via public health messaging. In clinical settings and for future research, the next steps should also include regular updating of concussion information to keep pace with advances in the field.