bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with posttraumatic growth among spouses of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhou Lihua , Hong Jingfang , Henricson Maria , Qin Rumeng , Dai Yu , Enskär Karin , Stenmarker Margaretha , Browall Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the factors that are associated with posttraumatic growth among spouses of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive study.MethodsA convenience sample of 312 spouses of women diagnosed with gynaecological cancer was recruited from two comprehensive hospitals in China, from March 2018 to March 2020. Demographic characteristics, cancer‐related characteristics, posttraumatic growth, perceived social support and coping were assessed using self‐reported questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were performed. The methods were guided by the STROBE checklist.ResultsThe mean score of posttraumatic growth was 46.7 (standard deviation = 16.7). The associated factors of posttraumatic growth were spouses' age, perceived social support, problem‐focused coping, dysfunctional coping (e.g. denial) and cancer treatment received by partners, which accounted for 34% of total posttraumatic growth score.Patient or public contributionAll participants contributed to the conducting of this study by completing self‐reported questionnaires.
Validation of the cognitive performance scale of the interRAI‐PAC and montreal cognitive assessment
Authors: Ou Jibing , Xu Chunyan , Fu Yuton , Chen Qian , Han Yongqian , Yao Liqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThe Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS), a minimum data set instrument of the interRAI, was initially designed to evaluate cognition in residential care and has demonstrated strong diagnostic accuracy. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and validity of the CPS in the post‐acute care setting among post‐stroke patients hospitalized in rehabilitation wards.DesignMixed methods.MethodsThe observational study was conducted in rehabilitation wards. Diagnostic accuracy was used to explore the level of agreement between CPS and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in 321 inpatients (62.12 years; 68.2% male).ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of the CPS was poor when MoCA was less than 24 as a gold standard, with an area under the curve of 0.69 (standard error 0.03, 95% confidence interval = 0.62–0.75). The CPS had a poor to moderate correlation with MoCA (rs = −.35).
Construction of haemodialysis nursing‐sensitive quality indicators based on Donabedian theory: A Delphi method study
Authors: Chen Lin , Zhang Yingjun , Li Chao , Li Qiao , He Li 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo establish a sensitive, scientific and practical evaluation system for haemodialysis nursing and to provide a reference for the evaluation of haemodialysis nursing quality.DesignThrough a literature review and Delphi method.MethodAccording to the literature review, a preliminary nursing‐sensitive quality indicators for haemodialysis were established, and an expert survey questionnaire was designed. Finally, the evaluation system for the nursing‐sensitive quality indicators was determined using the Delphi method.ResultsThirteen nursing‐sensitive quality indicators for haemodialysis were finally constructed, including two structural indicators, three process indicators and eight outcome indicators. The effective recovery rate of the two rounds of expert survey questionnaires was 100%, the coefficient of judgement basis is 0.956, the coefficient of familiarity is 0.833, the coefficient of authority is 0.895, and the Kendall's harmony coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.158 ~ 0.307 and 0.170 ~ 0.315, respectively, with statistical significance (p < .05).Clinical relevanceIn this study, the nursing‐sensitive quality indicators for haemodialysis were developed by the Delphi method and included structural indicators, outcome indicators and process indicators, which made up for some deficiencies noted in previous studies. The authors have provided a more reliable and comprehensive basis for evaluating the quality and safety of haemodialysis nursing in the future.
Stress‐free two‐way shape memory property and microstructure evolution of single‐phase polymer networks
Authors: Hao Chaobo , Yue Huimin , Zhou Junjie , He Suqin , Liu Hao , Huang Miaoming , Liu Wentao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, single‐phase polymer networks with excellent stress‐free two‐way shape memory effect (2W‐SME) were successfully fabricated based on poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA) and dicumyl peroxide. The microstructural evolution during actuation was repeatable and reversible, as demonstrated by the in situ wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. During multiple heating and cooling cycles, the (110) and (200) reflections of EVA appeared with increasing intensity, and the orientation degree was high at the low temperature point (10°C), suggesting that the oriented crystallites are present throughout the entire sample and hold extended conformation of the polymer strands in the amorphous phase. When heating to a high temperature (Thigh = 70°C), partial melting of crystallites leads to the contraction of the material, and the intensity of the (110) and (200) reflections and the orientation became smaller, indicating that the residual oriented crystallites could still provide an anisotropic skeleton for the oriented recrystallization of the amorphous molecular chain. Moreover, the reversible actuation strain showed a maximum value of 15.6% at a Thigh of 72°C and was present even at a Thigh of 80°C when the polymer had a very small crystalline fraction (2.2%). Considering the remarkable stress‐free 2W‐SME, EVA may have potential applications in smart grippers, actuators, and sensors.
Role of private prescriptions in the long‐term use of benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs: A patient‐related follow‐up study
Authors: Grimmsmann Thomas , Himmel Wolfgang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo analyse (1) how often patients insured under the statutory health insurance (SHI) scheme received repeated prescriptions for benzodiazepines or Z‐drugs as private prescriptions and (2) how often doctors switched from SHI prescriptions to private prescriptions and vice versa when issuing repeat prescriptions.MethodsOn basis of anonymized prescriptions from 874 ambulatory practices in Germany, we analysed the percentage of private prescriptions for Z‐drugs, benzodiazepines/anxiolytics, and benzodiazepines/hypnotics and sedatives over 6 years (2014 to 2020).ResultsOf 2 200 446 prescriptions for a benzodiazepine or Z‐drug, 38% were private prescriptions. In case of Z‐drugs, the rate of private prescriptions was 44.1% for single prescriptions and 48.9% for refills. The difference was smaller for anxiolytics (23.3% vs. 26.0%) and, for benzodiazepine/hypnotics and sedatives, the proportion of private prescriptions for refills was even lower than for single prescriptions. In case of Z‐drugs, the proportion of private prescriptions was, on average, 42.7% for the first prescription of a series of repeat prescriptions and 49.6% for the tenth prescription. The increase was smaller for anxiolytics and negligible for benzodiazepine/hypnotics and sedatives. Doctors stayed with their initial decision in more than three quarters of repeat prescriptions, be it a SHI or private prescription.ConclusionWhile we observed a large number of private prescriptions for benzodiazepines and Z‐drugs, the proportion was only slightly higher for refills than for single prescriptions. Doctors do not seem to issue private prescriptions as a strategy to mask especially long‐term use of these substances.
Clinical presentation and outcomes of hospitalized children with COVID‐19 in Mexico City
Authors: Diaz David R. , Urrutia Samuel , Gutierrez Gabriel , Cuevas Francisco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe describe the demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings relating them also to the severity and clinical outcome of 129 children (0–18 years) who were admitted to a tertiary care pediatric hospital in Mexico City due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection between April 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021. The infection was confirmed using reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction Fever (82.2%), tachypnea (72.1%), and cough (71.3%) were the most reported signs at the moment of hospitalization. The most frequent radiological pattern that stood out was the interstitial pattern (66.7%). History of oncologic pathology (25.6%) was the most frequent past medical history. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (93%), antibiotics (57.4%), and steroids (40.3%) were the most common medication given. The average hospitalization stay was 14.2 days, and 21.7% of the total patients required transfer to the intensive care unit. At discharge, 20.2% required oxygen on an outpatient basis, and unfortunately, 7.0% of the patients who were admitted to the institute for COVID‐19 died. Our findings confirm that COVID‐19 in children has a mild presentation except for patients with hematologic/oncologic comorbidities who had severe presentations.
Randomized gates eliminate bias in sort‐seq assays
Authors: Trippe Brian L. , Huang Buwei , DeBenedictis Erika A. , Coventry Brian , Bhattacharya Nicholas , Yang Kevin K. , Baker David , Crawford Lorin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSort‐seq assays are a staple of the biological engineering toolkit, allowing researchers to profile many groups of cells based on any characteristic that can be tied to fluorescence. However, current approaches, which segregate cells into bins deterministically based on their measured fluorescence, introduce systematic bias. We describe a surprising result: one can obtain unbiased estimates by incorporating randomness into sorting. We validate this approach in simulation and experimentally, and describe extensions for both estimating group level variances and for using multi‐bin sorters.
A rice plant expressing viral glycoprotein NSvc2‐NS reduces the transmission of rice stripe virus by the small brown planthopper
Authors: Lu Chengye , Jin Daoran , Zhang Lujie , Lu Gang , Ji Yinghua , Zhou Yijun , Wang Yunyue , Li Shuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors threaten crop health worldwide. Rice stripe virus (RSV) is one of the most important rice viruses in East Asia and is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH). Previously, it was demonstrated that the viral glycoprotein NSvs2‐N could mediate RSV infection of the vector midgut. Therefore, NSvc2‐N protein could potentially be used to reduce RSV transmission by competitively blocking midgut receptors.RESULTSHere, we report that transgenic rice plants expressing viral glycoprotein can interfere with RSV acquisition and transmission by SBPH. The soluble fraction (30–268 amino acids, designated NSvs2‐NS) of NSvs2‐N was transformed into rice calli, which produced plants harboring the exogenous gene. When SBPH was fed on transgenic plants prior to RSV‐infected rice (sequential feeding) and when insects were fed on RSV‐infected transgenic plants (concomitant feeding), virus acquisition by the insect vector was inhibited, and subsequent viral titers were reduced. Immunofluorescence labeling also indicated that viral infection of the insect midgut was inhibited after SBPH was fed on transgenic plants. The system by which RSV infected insect cells in vitro was used to corroborate the role of NSvc2‐NS in reducing viral infection. After the cells were incubated with transgenic rice sap, the virus infection rate of the cells decreased significantly, and viral accumulation in the cells was lower than that in the control group.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrated the negative effect of NSvs2‐NS transgenic plants on RSV transmission by insect vectors, which provides a novel and effective way to control plant viral diseases. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mutation of a lepidopteran‐specific PMP‐like protein, BmLSPMP‐like, induces a stick body shape in silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Tan Duan , Hu Hai , Tong Xiaoling , Han Minjin , Gai Tingting , Lou Jinghou , Yan Zhengwen , Xiong Gao , Lu Cheng , Dai Fangyin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDLepidoptera is one of the largest orders of insects, some of which are major pests of crops and forests. The cuticles of lepidopteran pests play important roles in defense against insecticides and pathogens, and are indispensable for constructing and maintaining extracellular structures and locomotion during their life cycle. Lepidopteran‐specific cuticular proteins could be potential targets for lepidopteran pest control. But information on this is limited. Our research aimed to screen the lepidopteran‐specific cuticular proteins using the lepidopteran model, the silkworm, to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of cuticular proteins in body shape construction.RESULTSPositional cloning showed that BmLSPMP‐like, a gene encoding a lepidopteran‐specific peritrophic matrix protein (PMP) like protein which includes a peritrophin A‐type chitin‐binding domain (CBM_14), is responsible for the stick (sk) mutation. BmLSPMP‐like is an evolutionarily conserved gene that exhibits synteny in Lepidoptera and underwent purifying selection during evolution. Expression profiles demonstrated that BmLSPMP‐like is expressed in chitin‐forming tissues, testis and ovary, and accumulates in the cuticle. BmLSPMP‐like knockout, generated with CRISPR/Cas9, resulted in a stick‐like larval body shape phenotype. Over‐expression of BmLSPMP‐like in the sk mutant rescued its abnormal body shape. The results showed that BmLSPMP‐like may be involved in assemblage in the larval cuticle.CONCLUSIONOur results suggested that the dysfunction of BmLSPMP‐like may result in a stick body shape phenotype in silkworm, through the regulation of the arrangement of the chitinous laminae and cuticle thickness. Our study provides new evidence of the effects of LSPMP‐likes on lepidopteran body shape formation, metamorphosis and mortality, which could be an eco‐friendly target for lepidopteran pest management. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Study on the pathogenesis and prevention strategies of kidney stones based on GC–MS combined with metabolic pathway analysis
Authors: Xie Haijie , Wang Rui , Xie Linguo , Wang Xianhua , Liu Chunyu 
Published: August 2022

RationaleMost kidney stone composition analyses include organic compounds, and only few organic volatile compounds have been reported.MethodsIn the present study, a novel approach for studying the pathogenesis and prevention of kidney stones was established. First, common organic volatile compounds were detected using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) in 137 kidney stone samples. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database and MetaboAnalyst 5.0 software were then used to analyze the metabolic pathways associated with the development of kidney stones.ResultsThe metabolic pathway analysis of the common component cholesterol revealed that two metabolic pathways, the steroid biosynthesis pathway and the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway, were closely associated with the formation of kidney stones. The pretreatment process for stone analysis, including the solvent type, solvent volume, and extraction time, was optimized to improve the detection efficiency. The calibration curve was y = 756 299x – 8 000 000, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9992, which was obtained over the concentration range of 10–500 μg ml−1 of cholesterol. The recovery values of cholesterol ranged from 93.34% to 94.67%, 96.98% to 99.23%, and 87.27% to 93.00% when spiked with 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 μg, respectively, with a relative standard deviation of no less than 3.18%. Finally, the content of common compounds was determined in 37 renal stone samples using the modified GC–MS method.ConclusionsThe common organic volatile compound in the kidney stone samples detected using GC–MS was cholesterol, and the steroid biosynthesis and primary bile acid biosynthesis pathways were determined to be closely associated with the formation of kidney stones. The GC–MS method for detecting cholesterol in kidney stones was optimized for efficiency and accuracy.
From Knightian uncertainty to real‐structuredness: Further opening the judgment black box
Authors: Rapp David J. , Olbrich Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryEntrepreneurial judgment remains a concept that resembles a black box. This article attempts to further open that black box by developing a dimensionalization of types of judgment. To achieve this, it joins recent efforts to explicitly link entrepreneurship to Simonian themes by integrating the notion of decision problem structures into the judgment‐based approach (JBA) to entrepreneurship. This article proposes a more comprehensive and nuanced approach to judgment in the face of decision problems we label “real‐structured.” Extending the JBA comes with several important implications: It uncovers additional entrepreneurial knowledge problems, provides new insights for both economic organization and judgment communicability, and informs research on entrepreneurial success and failure. It also sheds new light on the controversy over the relationship between effectuation and judgment.Managerial SummaryWhen taking decisions, entrepreneurs cannot know how the future will pan out. Those decisions are made under conditions of uncertainty and only time will tell whether they prove astute or otherwise. The uncertainty of the future leads entrepreneurs to exercise judgment based on their individual beliefs and to act accordingly. The components of that entrepreneurial judgment remain rather underexplored. The purpose of this article is to dig deeper into, and thereby improve, the understanding of entrepreneurial judgment. The main result of this article is a four‐part dimensionalization of judgment, covering entrepreneurial (sub‐)judgments on the effects incurred by action, the appraisal of action alternatives, the goals underlying action, and resolving the decision problem.
Injectable “cocktail” hydrogel with dual‐stimuli‐responsive drug release, photothermal ablation, and drug‐antibody synergistic effect
Authors: Zhao Li , Xu Jiawen , Tong Yao , Gong Pengyu , Gao Fucheng , Li Hui , Jiang Yanyan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe combination of the first‐line standard chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and the molecular‐targeted drug Herceptin (HCT) has emerged as a promising strategy for human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER‐2) overexpressing breast cancer treatment. However, insufficient drug accumulation and severe cardiotoxicity are two major challenges that limit its clinical application. Herein, an in situ forming gold nanorods (AuNRs)‐sodium alginate (ALG) hybrid hydrogel encapsulating DOX and HCT was engineered for tumor synergistic therapy involving injectable, dual‐stimuli‐responsive drug release, photothermal ablation, and drug‐antibody synergistic therapy. The photothermal agent AuNRs, anticancer drug DOX, and anticancer antibody HCT were mixed in ALG solution, and after injection, the soluble ALG was quickly transformed into a hydrogel in the presence of Ca2+ in the body. Significantly, the hybrid hydrogel exhibits an extremely high photothermal conversion efficiency of 70% under 808 nm laser irradiation. The thermal effect can also provide photothermal stimulation to trigger the drug release from the gel matrix. In addition, the drug release rate and the releasing degree are also sensitive to the pH. In vitro studies demonstrated that the PEI‐AuNR/DOX/HCT/ALG hydrogel has facilitated the therapeutic efficiency of each payload and demonstrated a strong synergistic killing effect on SK‐BR‐3 cells. In vivo imaging results showed that the local drug delivery system can effectively reduce the nonspecific distribution in normal tissues and increase drug concentration at tumor sites. The proposed hydrogel system shows significant clinical implications by easily introducing a sustainable photothermal therapy and a potential universal carrier for the local delivery of multiple drugs to overcome the challenges faced in HER‐2 overexpressing cancer therapy.
Veterinarians’ experiences of treating cases of animal abuse: An online questionnaire study
Authors: Williams Joanne M. , Wauthier Laura ,   Scottish SPCA, Knoll Monja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine veterinarians’ experiences of treating cases of nonaccidental injury and other forms of animal abuse and to assess their support needs and barriers to reporting cases.MethodsAn online questionnaire was completed by 215 veterinarians. The survey included items on demographics and veterinary experience, experience of nonaccidental injuries during the last 12 months, case studies, perceptions of the roles of veterinarians in identifying and reporting cases, and barriers to reporting.ResultsFifty‐three percent reported treating cases and 9% reported suspected cases of abuse in the last 12 months. Experience of abuse in the last 12 months did not vary in terms of veterinarians’ age, sex or number of years in practice. The most commonly affected animals were dogs, cats and rabbits, and the most common forms of abuse were neglect and physical abuse. Case studies focused on physical abuse cases, but neglect cases more often resulted in death. Veterinarians showed high concern about animal abuse but varied in their confidence to intervene and perceived barriers to reporting.ConclusionExperience of animal abuse is common, and veterinarians feel a strong moral duty to act, but can lack confidence in intervening. Abuse cases affect stress levels and compassion fatigue; therefore, support and training are needed.
Activated aggregation strategies to construct size‐increasing nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Authors: Lu Zhenni , Liu Dongya , Wei Peng , Yi Tao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of novel therapeutic strategies and modalities for tumors is still one of the important areas of current scientific research. Low permeability and short residence time of drugs in solid tumor areas are important reasons for the low efficiency of existing therapeutic strategies. Typically, nanoparticles with large size displayed enhanced residence time but low permeability. Therefore, to prolong the retention time of materials in solid tumors, size‐increasing strategies have been developed to directly generate large‐scale nanoparticles using small molecular compounds or increase the size of small nanoparticles in solid tumor areas. In this review, we summarize recently reported activatable aggregation systems that could be activated by cancer‐related substances for cancer therapy and classify them by the mechanisms that lead to aggregation. In the end, we propose some potential challenges briefly from the view of our opinion.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease