bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation versus ethanol ablation for Morton's neuroma: a clinical trial using patient recorded outcome measures
Authors: Silvester Renee , Nargahi Reza , Woods John , Schoen Deborah 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Morton’s neuroma is a common cause of forefoot pain and can be difficult to treat. Ethanol ablation (ETA) and Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are increasingly used for treatment of chronic Morton's neuroma. However, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of these guided ablation therapies in relation to broad-ranging patient recorded outcome measures (PROMs), and prospective studies directly comparing the two interventions are lacking. In this pragmatic clinical trial, we aimed to compare the efficacy of Ethanol ablation (ETA) and Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on patient recorded outcome measures (PROMs) in pain, function, and ability in patients with Morton's neuroma.
Methods Participants with chronic Morton's neuroma were randomly assigned to either ETA or RFA. Outcome measures were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the eight-domain Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ) and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). These were assessed at baseline, three, and six months after treatment.
Results Sixty-three participants were allocated to either RFA (n=35) or ETA (n=28). A slight decrease in pain ascertained through VAS scores was observed in both intervention groups over six months relative to baseline. FAAM scores moderately improved in both groups over six months, with ETA showing a marginally greater mean change compared to RFA (3.8 points; p=0.004). FHSQ scores improved from baseline to six months in both groups, across all domains except vigour, which decreased in both interventions over three months and then stabilised in the ETA group at six months. Between-group differences of minor clinical importance favouring the ETA group were reported in improvement from baseline to six months of foot pain (3.7 points on 100 point scale; p<0.005), foot function (3.3 points; p=0.017), general health (2.5 points; p=0.013), and physical activity (11.0 points; p<0.001).
Conclusion In the treatment of chronic Morton’s neuroma, ETA and RFA appear to confer comparable six-month improvements in pain, foot health, function, and ability. Multi-dimensional scales such as the FHSQ and the FAAM potentially elicit substantial treatment-related improvements that are not evident from VAS. Accordingly, incorporation of diverse PROMs into clinical assessments may enhance therapeutic decision-making and research in this context.
Trial registration Australian New Zealand Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12622000912785 (retrospectively registered on 27/06/2022
Naturally Selected CD7 CAR-T Therapy without Genetic editing Exerts Significant Antitumor Efficacy against Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia(R/R-AML)
Authors: Lu Yu , liu Ying , Zhang Xuejun , Kuang Na , wen shupeng , Wang Fuxu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground Survival time for patients with relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R-AML) remains threatened and treatment appears challenging. Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) has been widely used for hematologic malignancies. Current CAR-T therapies for acute myeloid leukemia mostly target myeloid-lineage antigens such as CD123 and CD33, which may have potential hematopoietic toxicity. CD7, as a lineage-specific receptor, is expressed in acute myeloid leukemia cells and T cells, while not expressed in myeloid cells. Methods In this report, Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used to analyze CD7 expression in clinical samples from R/R-AML patients and healthy donors. we designed naturally selected CD7 CAR-T to analyze various functions and in vitro anti-leukemic efficacy by flow cytometry, while xenograft models were used to validate in vivo tumor dynamics Results we calculated the percentage of CD7 expression in our institution's AML patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) (5/16, 31.25%) and tested CD7 in myeloid and lymphoid lineage cells of R/R-AML patients, concluding that CD7 is expressed in T cells and not in myeloid cells, similar to previous studies. Subsequently, we constructed and designed a naturally selected CD7 CAR-T (CD7 CAR). We did not perform CD7 antigen knockdown on CD7 CAR-T cells, but it naturally eliminated CD7 molecule expression at the end of the culture cycle and then evaluated its ability to target and kill the acute myeloid leukemia cell line MOLM-13 in vitro and in vivo. CD7 CAR-T cells efficiently murder acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and significantly inhibit the growth of leukemia cells in xenograft model mice. Conclusion Naturally Selected CD7 CAR-T cells were proven to be an effective and safe treatment strategy for relapsed refractory acute myeloid leukemia in preclinical studies.
Original Research Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganjiang Decoction is more efficacious in treating irritable bowel syndrome than Dicetel according to metabolomics analysis
Authors: Li Mingming , Zhu Jiawei , Liu Xuan , Dong Zhiyin , Tang Jigui , Zhang Cian , Jiao Jianpeng , Chen Jiani , Yin Fenghao , Qiu Shi , Zhang Feng , Gao Shouhong , Wang Zhipeng , Tao Xia , Yue Xiaoqiang , Sun Lianna , Chen Wansheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Chaihu-Guizhi-Ganjiang Decoction (CGGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription used to treat viral influenza in China. There is evidence that CGGD can be used to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but the potential mechanism of action and metabolites produced upon CGGD treatment are not known.

Methods

Patients with IBS were treated with pinaverium bromide (Dicetel™) and then CGGD after a washout period of 1 week. Both treatments lasted for 30 days. Efficacy and changes in metabolites in plasma after the two treatments were compared. Plasma samples were acquired before and after each treatment, and untargeted metabolics analysis undertaken.

Results

Efficacy was measured by two systems: the Rome IV criteria and TCM theory. Irrespective of whether the Rome IV criteria or TCM theory were used, CGGD showed significantly better efficacy than Dicetel against IBS. CGGD also had a greater influence on plasma metabolism than Dicetel. Dicetel treatment led to increased tryptophan metabolism (increased levels of 5-Hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde) and increased protein metabolism (increased levels of L-arginine). CGGD use led to increased carnitine metabolism, with increased levels of L-carnitine and acylcarnitine. Such changes in these metabolites could suppress IBS by improving gastrointestinal motility and suppressing pain, depression, and inflammation.

Conclusions

CGGD appeared to be more efficacious than Dicetel in treating IBS. Metabolomics analysis helped to reveal the biomolecular basis of this beneficial effect.
Clonal outbreak of Trichophyton tonsurans causing tinea capitis among a wrestling team in Beijing, China
Authors: Wang Qiqi , Chen Wei , Wan Zhe , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Trichophyton tonsurans, an anthropophilic dermatophyte, mostly causes tinea capitis and tinea corporis and often associates with outbreaks among athletes involving in combat sports. Here, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among five juvenile athletes aged ten to fourteen in a wrestling team in Beijing, China. Scrapings from the lesions of the five patients were performed by direct microscopic examination and fungal culture. The fungal pathogens were all identified as T. tonsurans by morphology and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Multilocus genotyping analysis was performed by sequencing of the five gene loci including the ITS and non-transcribed spacer (NTS) of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) locus, alkalineprotease-1 (ALP1), metalloprotease-5 (MEP5), carboxypeptidases Y (CarbY). The sequences of these markers were identical among the five isolates, revealing a single genotype. Antifungal susceptibilities of terbinafine (TBF), itraconazole (ITC), fluconazole (FLC), ketoconazole (KTC), and amphotericin B (AMB) against T. tonsurans was determined by broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A3 document and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 0.015 µg/mL, 0.015 µg/mL, 8 µg/mL, 0.06 µg/mL, and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among wrestlers in Beijing, China. Multilocus genotyping analysis revealed that all isolates consisted of a single genotype, suggesting the outbreak may be caused by a single strain of T. tonsurans. The isolates were all susceptible to the common antifungal drugs treating tinea capitis.
EMI shielding and strain-sensitive tape based on ultraprecise 3D printed graphene oxide aerogel microlattices
Authors: Chen Qian , Shen Junting , Estevez Diana , Chen Yanlin , Zhu Zihao , Yin Jun , Qin Faxiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
3D printed graphene aerogels hold promise for multifunctional applications due to their elasticity, low density and adjustable conductivity. However, low printing accuracy/fidelity and stochastic porous networks have hindered both research and applications. Here we formulate printable graphene oxide (GO) inks through modulating oxygen functional groups and trace addition of Ca2+ ions as gelators. Self-standing 3D graphene aerogel microlattices (GOALs) were thus printed with minimal shrinkage and ultra-high printing resolution of 70 μm. The improved resolution facilitated customizable 3D structure and inner pore architecture which was exploited for EMI shielding by modulating the lattice aperture and layers in the scaffold. The GOALs were then replicated into adhesive tape as a simple and large-scale strategy to adapt their functionalities into target applications. The GOAL tape is highly durable displaying not only excellent shielding (SSE/t=5714.3 dB cm2/g) but outstanding resistive bending sensitivity (gauge factor=90) making it promising for stealth and flexible sensing electronics.
Non-Rectangular Neurostimulation Waveforms Elicit Varied Sensation Quality and Perceptive Fields on the Hand
Authors: Collu Riccardo , Earley Eric J. , Barbaro Massimo , Ortiz-Catalan Max 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the nerves is known to elicit distinct sensations perceived in distal parts of the body. The stimulation is typically modulated in current with charge balance rectangular shape that, although they are easily generated by the stimulators available on the market, they are not able to cover the entire range of somatosensory experiences required in daily life. In this regard, we have investigated the effect of electrical neurostimulation with four non-rectangular waveforms in an experiment involving 11 healthy able-bodied subjects. Weiss curves were estimated for different subjects, showing different charges required to elicit a sensation based on the shape. The localization and dimensions of the sensations reported in the hand also differed between waveforms showing larger areas for non-rectangular waveforms. Finally, the possibility of distinguishing different charge- and amplitude-matched stimuli was demonstrated through a two-alternative-forced-choice (2AFC) task, showing the ability of participants to successfully distinguish between waveforms. This study shows that by using different waveforms to stimulate nerves, it is possible to affect not only the required charge to elicit sensations, but also the quality of sensation and its dimension, in terms of area and location.
Novel sulfonated poly (vinyl alcohol)/Carboxy methyl Cellulose/ Acrylamide - based hybrid polyelectrolyte membranes
Authors: Mahmoud Atia , Fahmy Alaa , Naser Abdelrahman , Saied Mohamed Abu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Novel polyelectrolytic hybrid membranes are prepared by blending carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)- acrylamide (AA). Succinic acid and chlorosulfonic acid (CSA) are employed as crosslinkers and modifiers, respectively. Additionally, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CCNT) and sulfonated activated carbon (SAC) as fillers are used to attain appropriate chemical and mechanical stability for use as polyelectrolyte membranes (PEM). CMC, PVA, and AA are mixed and treated with CSA, CCNT, and SAC in different concentrations. First, CMC/PVA/AA solution is modified using CSA to produce a sulfonated polymeric matrix. Second, a different amount of CCNT or SAC was added as a filler to enhance the ion exchange capacity (IEC), ionic conductivity, and stability. Third, the solution is cast as polyelectrolytic membranes. Chemical interactions between CMC, PVA, AA and other membrane components were confirmed using various characterization techniques such as Raman scattering spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Furthermore, mechanical strength, methanol uptake, gel fraction, ion exchange capacity (IEC), and proton conductivity were determined as functions of varied membrane modification components. Results reveals that the increasing of CSA, CCNT and SAC is leading to increase the IEC values reached 1.54 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA), 1.74 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4%CSA-2%CCNT) and 2.31 mmol/g for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA-2% SAC) comparing to 0.11 mmol/g for non-modified CMC/PVA/AA membrane. Sequentially, proton conductivity value is changed from 1×10− 3 S/cm in non-modified CMC/PVA/AA membrane to 0.082 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA), 0.0984 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4%CSA-2%CCNT) and 0.1050 S/cm for (CMC/PVA-4% CSA-2% SAC). Such results enhance the potential feasibility of modified CMC/PVA/AA hybrid as polyelectrolytic membranes.
Increasing Impacts of Summer Extreme Precipitation and Heatwaves in Eastern China
Authors: Yao Yulong , Zhang Wei , Kirtman Ben 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Observational and modeling analysis suggests an increased frequency of heatwaves and extreme precipitation in an anthropogenically warmed climate. However, the accurate link between extreme precipitation events (EPEs) and heatwaves (HWs), and changes in these extremes and associated socio-economic impacts in eastern China have not been fully resolved. This study examines historical and future changes of summer EPEs and HWs in eastern China based on observations, reanalysis, and model outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6. The results show that EPEs and HWs in eastern China have increased in the past four decades and are projected to rise in the future. The Yangtze River Basin and its southern regions will be confronted with the compound disaster of HWs and EPEs in the future projections. High values of the annual mean total person-times (estimated as population density multiplied by event frequency) affected by EPEs and HWs are observed in the North China Plain, Yangtze River Delta, Sichuan Basin, and southeast coast. The total person-times affected by EPEs show a slightly decreasing trend under both scenarios. However, the total person-times affected by HWs under Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 245 scenario maximize at around 4.0 billion, lower than the peak person-times (about 5.0 billion) under SSP585 scenario. We further investigate the linkage of such extreme events with sea surface temperature and western North Pacific subtropical high anomalies. The correlations between the mean-state and extreme precipitation and maximum temperature anomalies both shifted from negative in the historical period to positive under future projections.
Graphs for analyzing and handling the complexity of software programs used in Safety Critical Systems
Authors: Singh Pooja , Singh Lalit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In recent years, software programs are widely used in many safety-critical systems. These systems do have high reliability targets and hence it is necessary to analyze these programs. Also, the complexity of such programs must be very low, which can be ensured by analyzing the dynamic coupling between the functions. We propose call graph construction of a program for such analysis. It also proposes method to partition program graphs for reducing the complexity of the system, which also helps to bring out the system composition. The robustness of the method is shown from an implementation of the algorithm.
Using Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) in Assessing the Impact of Nutrition Education on Associated Nutrition and Health Outcomes in Northern Ghana
Authors: Sienso Gifty , Lyford Conrad , Oldewage-Theron Wilna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Health extension and nutrition education encourage healthy lifestyles for improved nutrition and health outcomes and overall productivity and economic development. However, there is a limited assessment of the impact of nutrition education on associated health and nutrition knowledge, attitudes and practices in Ghana. This study evaluated the impact of access to nutrition information on household knowledge, attitudes and practices on nutrition and health outcomes in Northern region of Ghana
Method: This study used primary data from a cross-sectional survey from 504 households in Northern region of Ghana. To establish the association between access to nutrition information and maternal KAP, descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi square tests and Fisher’s exact test were used.
Results: The results showed that 53.6% of women had a KAP score above the mean score on knowledge on nutrition related issues. Furthermore, 75.8% of women had good attitude regarding nutrition related issues whilst 96.8% had good practices towards nutrition issues. Women’s knowledge on the first food to give to a baby, length of exclusive breastfeeding, causes of undernutrition and prevention of undernutrition were also significantly and positively associated with access to nutrition information. Also, the results on attitude showed that women had a good attitude towards hand washing, the use of safe water for household purposes, and the effects of weight loss and undernutrition in children. Lastly, the results showed that women had good practices towards using water from protected sources.
Conclusion: Access to nutrition information improved maternal knowledge on Women’s knowledge on the first food to give to a baby, length of exclusive breastfeeding, causes of undernutrition and prevention of undernutrition, this suggests that less emphasis may be required in terms of nutrition education interventions on these areas. On the other hand, low levels of knowledge was observed for signs of undernutrition, and causes of undernutrition in both women and children, and prevention of undernutrition amongst 6-23 month’s children suggesting that more emphasis may be required in terms of nutrition intervention designs to address these problems. It is recommended that this surveillance of performance be conducted regularly to refocus and target efforts to needed areas.
Machine Learning to Assess the Prognostic Utility of Radiomic Features for In-hospital COVID-19 Mortality
Authors: Sun Yuming , Salerno Stephen , He Xinwei , Pan Ziyang , Yang Eileen , Sujimongkol Chinakorn , Song Jiyeon , Wang Xinan , Han Peisong , Kang Jian , Sjoding Michael W , Jolly Shruti , Christiani David C , Li Yi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

As portable chest X-rays are an efficient means of triaging emergent cases, their increased use has raised the question as to whether imaging carries additional prognostic utility for survival among patients with COVID-19. This study assessed the importance of known risk factors on in-hospital mortality and to investigate the predictive utility of radiomic texture features using various machine learning approaches. We detected incremental improvements in survival prognostication utilizing texture features derived from emergent chest X-rays, particularly among older patients or those with higher comorbidity burden. Important features included age, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and certain comorbid conditions, as well as image features related to the intensity and variability of the pixel distribution. Thus, widely available chest X-rays, in conjunction with clinical information, may be predictive of survival outcomes of patients with COVID-19, especially older, sicker patients, and can aid in disease management by providing additional information.
Discovery and comparative genomic analysis of a novel equine Anellovirus species, representing the first complete Mutorquevirus genome
Authors: Fisher Mathew , Nebroski Michelle , Davies Jennifer , Janzen Eugene , Sullivan Daniel , Lung Oliver 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The complete genome of a novel torque teno virus species (Torque teno equus virus 2 (TTEqV2) isolate Alberta/2018) was obtained by high throughput sequencing (HTS) of nucleic acid extracted from the lung and liver tissue of a Quarter Horse gelding that died of nonsuppurative encephalitis in Alberta, Canada. The 2,805 nucleotide circular genome is the first complete genome from the Mutorquevirus genus and has been approved as a new species by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses. The genome contains several characteristic features of torque teno virus (TTV) genomes, including an ORF1 encoding a putative 631 aa capsid protein with an arginine-rich N-terminus, several rolling circle replication associated amino acid motifs, and a downstream polyadenylation signal. A smaller overlapping ORF2 that encodes a protein with an amino acid motif (WX7HX3CXCX5H) which, in general, is highly conserved in TTVs and anelloviruses. The UTR contains two GC-rich tracts, two highly conserved 15 nucleotide sequences, and what appears to be an atypical TATA-box sequence also observed in two other TTV genera. Codon usage analysis of TTEqV2 and 11 other selected anelloviruses from five host species revealed a bias toward adenine ending (A3) codons in the anelloviruses, while in contrast, A3 codons were observed at a low frequency in horse and the four other associated host species examined. Phylogenetic analysis of TTV ORF1 sequences available to date shows TTEqV2 clusters with the only other currently reported member of the Mutorquevirus genus, Torque teno equus virus 1 (TTEqV1, KR902501). Genome-wide pairwise alignment of TTEqV2 and TTEqV1 shows the absence of several highly conserved TTV features within the UTR of TTEqV1, suggesting it is incomplete and TTEqV2 is the first complete genome within the genus Mutorquevirus.