bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chatbots in retail: How do they affect the continued use and purchase intentions of Chinese consumers?
Authors: Jiang Kan , Qin Meilian , Li Shurong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe application of artificial intelligence in the retail industry has exposed many innovation opportunities and significantly impacts consumer behavior. Based on the social presence, retailer innovativeness, and self‐determination theories, this study constructs an integrated and original framework for elucidating the influence mechanism of the social characteristics of anthropomorphic intelligent services (chatbots) on consumer behavioral intentions. An empirical study of Chinese consumers (n = 442) reveals the following: first, the social presence of chatbots exerts a direct and positive impact on retailer experience innovativeness and intimacy; second, retailer experiential innovativeness, intimacy, and sense of empowerment mediate the influence of the social presence of chatbots on consumers' behavioral intentions; third, the cute communication styles in the low‐level social presence are very conducive for promoting the relationships between social presence and experiential innovativeness. By improving the level of social presence, formal communication styles can play a key role in promoting relationships. Theoretically, this study contributes to the social presence theory by extending it to the interaction with retailer experiential innovativeness and exploring the chain‐like mediating role of experiential innovativeness, as well as the self‐determined satisfaction between the social presence and consumer behavior intentions. Furthermore, this study also examines how different chatbot communication styles moderate the influence of social presence on consumers' behavioral intentions, thereby revealing the differential effects and boundary conditions of chatbot social presence on consumer behaviors. These findings will offer retailers insights into consumers' psychological activities to practically design chatbots and conduct smart retail innovation activities.
Heterostructured Perylene Diimide (PDI) Supramolecular Nanorods with SnO2 Quantum Dots for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Activity and Stability
Authors: Liu Di , Li Yi , Zhang XinLing , Yang Li , Luo Xin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA novel SnO2 QDs (quantum dots)/PDI heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully constructed by a simple in‐situ compounded method and exhibited highly enhanced photocatalytic performance and long‐term stability under visible light irradiation. The results of ISI‐XPS and AFM‐KPFM revealed that the effective photo‐generated electrons transferred from PDI supramolecular nanorods to closely attached to SnO2 QDs, which was driven by a giant built‐in electric field across this hetero‐interface, thus highly improved the migration and separation of photo‐generated carriers. Importantly, we have proved for the first time that the formation of heterojunction can effectively hinder the generation of PDI anion radicals (PDI.−), thereby realized improved photocatalytic stability of PDI supramolecular aggregates by reducing the dissociation of PDI supramolecular caused by electrostatic repulsion interaction between PDI.− units. Furthermore, the established high structure and morphology stability also supported its excellent photocatalytic stability.
Unfolding the Role of Building Units of MOFs with Mechanistic Insight Towards Selective Metal Ions Detection in Water**
Authors: Fajal Sahel , Mandal Writakshi , Majumder Dipanjan , Shirolkar Mandar M. , More Yogeshwar D. , Ghosh Sujit K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe potential emergence of fluorescence‐based techniques has propelled research towards developing probes that can sense trace metal ions specifically. Although luminescent metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are well suited for this application, the role of building blocks towards detection is not fully understood. In this work, a systematic screening by varying number of Lewis basic (pyridyl‐N atoms) sites is carried out in a series of isostructural, robust UiO‐67 MOFs, and targeting a model metal ion‐Fe3+. All the three fluorescent MOFs are seen to present quenching response towards Fe3+ ions in water. However, UiO‐67@N exhibits highly selective and sensitive response, whereas emission of both UiO‐67 and UiO‐67@NN is quenched by several metal ions. Detailed experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigation is carried out in addition to demonstration of UiO‐67@N being able to sense trace amount of Fe3+ ions in synthetic biological water sample. Further, UiO‐67@N based mixed‐matrix membrane (MMM) has been prepared and employed to mimic the real time Fe3+ ions detection in water.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral C−N Atropisomers
Authors: Rodríguez‐Salamanca Patricia , Fernández Rosario , Hornillos Valentín , Lassaletta José M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMolecules with restricted rotation around a single bond or atropisomers are found in a wide number of natural products and bioactive molecules as well as in chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis and smart materials. Although most of these compounds are biaryls and heterobiaryls displaying a C−C stereogenic axis, there is a growing interest in less common and more challenging axially chiral C−N atropisomers. This review offers an overview of the various methodologies available for their asymmetric synthesis. A brief introduction is initially given to contextualize these axially chiral skeletons, including a historical background and examples of natural products containing axially chiral C−N axes. The preparation of different families of C−N based atropisomers is then presented from anilides to chiral five‐ and six‐membered ring heterocycles. Special emphasis has been given to modern catalytic asymmetric strategies over the past decade for the synthesis of these chiral scaffolds. Applications of these methods to the preparation of natural products and biologically active molecules will be highlighted along the text.
Direct gem‐Difluoroalkenylation of X−H Bonds with Trifluoromethyl Ketone N‐Triftosylhydrazones for Synthesis of Tetrasubstituted Heteroatomic gem‐Difluoroalkenes
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Li Linxuan , Zanoni Giuseppe , Han Xinyue , Bi Xihe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe direct gem‐difluoroalkenylation of X−H bonds represents the most straightforward approach to access heteroatomic gem‐difluoroalkenes that, as the isostere of the carbonyl group, have great potency in drug discovery. However, the construction of tetrasubstituted heteroatomic gem‐difluoroalkenes by this strategy is still an unsolved problem. Here, we report the first direct X−H bond gem‐difluoroalkenylation of amines and alcohols with trifluoromethyl ketone N‐triftosylhydrazones under silver (for (hetero)aryl hydrazones) or rhodium (for alkyl hydrazones), thereby providing a most powerful method for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted heteroatomic gem‐difluoroalkenes. This method features a broad substrate scope, high product yield, excellent functional group tolerance, and operational simplicity (open air conditions). Moreover, the site‐specific replacement of the carbonyl group with a gem‐difluorovinyl ether bioisostere in drug Trimebutine and the post‐modification of bioactive molecules demonstrates potential use in medicinal research. Finally, the reaction mechanism was investigated by combining experiments and DFT calculations, and disclosed that the key step of HF elimination occurred via five‐membered ring transition state, and the difference in the electrophilicity of Ag‐ and Rh‐carbenes as well as the multiple intermolecular interactions rendered the effectiveness of Rh catalyst selectively for alkyl hydrazones.
Expanding the Repertoire of Low‐Molecular‐Weight Pentafluorosulfanyl‐Substituted Scaffolds
Authors: Jose Arathy , Guest Daniel , LeGay Remi , Tizzard Graham J. , Coles Simon J. , Derveni Mariliza , Wright Edward , Marrison Lester , Lee Alpha A. , Morris Aaron , Robinson Matt , von Delft Frank , Fearon Daren , Koekemoer Lizbé , Matviuk Tetiana , Aimon Anthony , Schofield Christopher J. , Malla Tika R. , London Nir , Greenland Barnaby W. , Bagley Mark C. , Spencer John , The Covid Moonshot Consortium  
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe pentafluorosulfanyl (‐SF5) functional group is of increasing interest as a bioisostere in medicinal chemistry. A library of SF5‐containing compounds, including amide, isoxazole, and oxindole derivatives, was synthesised using a range of solution‐based and solventless methods, including microwave and ball‐mill techniques. The library was tested against targets including human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (HDHODH). A subsequent focused approach led to synthesis of analogues of the clinically used disease modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), Teriflunomide and Leflunomide, considered for potential COVID‐19 use, where SF5 bioisostere deployment led to improved inhibition of HDHODH compared with the parent drugs. The results demonstrate the utility of the SF5 group in medicinal chemistry.
Turnover and nestedness drive plant diversity benefits of organic farming from local to landscape scales
Authors: Carrié Romain , Ekroos Johan , Smith Henrik G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBiodiversity‐benefits of organic farming have mostly been documented at the field scale. However, these benefits from organic farming to species diversity may not propagate to larger scales because variation in the management of different crop types and seminatural habitats in conventional farms might allow species to cope with intensive crop management. We studied flowering plant communities using a spatially replicated design in different habitats (cereal, ley and seminatural grasslands) in organic and conventional farms, distributed along a gradient in proportion of seminatural grasslands. We developed a novel method to compare the rates of species turnover within and between habitats, and between the total species pools in the two farming systems. We found that the intrahabitat species turnover did not differ between organic and conventional farms, but that organic farms had a significantly higher interhabitat turnover of flowering plant species compared with conventional ones. This was mainly driven by herbicide‐sensitive species in cereal fields in organic farms, as these contained 2.5 times more species exclusive to cereal fields compared with conventional farms. The farm‐scale species richness of flowering plants was higher in organic compared with conventional farms, but only in simple landscapes. At the interfarm level, we found that 36% of species were shared between the two farming systems, 37% were specific to organic farms whereas 27% were specific to conventional ones. Therefore, our results suggest that that both community nestedness and species turnover drive changes in species composition between the two farming systems. These large‐scale shifts in species composition were driven by both species‐specific herbicide and nitrogen sensitivity of plants. Our study demonstrates that organic farming should foster a diversity of flowering plant species from local to landscape scales, by promoting unique sets of arable‐adapted species that are scarce in conventional systems. In terms of biodiversity conservation, our results call for promoting organic farming over large spatial extents, especially in simple landscapes, where such transitions would benefit plant diversity most.
A global review of socioeconomic and environmental impacts of ants reveals new insights for risk assessment
Authors: Gruber Monica A. M. , Santoro Davide , Cooling Meghan , Lester Philip J. , Hoffmann Benjamin D. , Boser Christina , Lach Lori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRisk assessments are fundamental to invasive species management and are underpinned by comprehensive characterization of invasive species impacts. Our understanding of the impacts of invasive species is growing constantly, and several recently developed frameworks offer the opportunity to systematically categorize environmental and socioeconomic impacts of invasive species. Invasive ants are among the most widespread and damaging invaders. Although a handful of species receives most of the policy attention, nearly 200 species have established outside their native range. Here, we provide a global, comprehensive assessment of the impacts of ants and propose a priority list of risk species. We used the Socioeconomic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT), Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Generic Impact Scoring System (GISS) to analyze 642 unique sources for 100 named species. Different methodologies provided generally consistent results. The most frequently identified socioeconomic impacts were to human health. Environmental impacts were primarily on animal and plant populations, with the most common mechanisms being predation and competition. Species recognized as harmful nearly 20 years ago featured prominently, including Wasmannia auropunctata (little fire ant, electric ant), Solenopsis invicta (red imported fire ant), Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant), and Pheidole megacephala (African big‐headed ant). All these species except W. auropunctata have been implicated in local extinctions of native species. Although our assessments affirmed that the most serious impacts have been driven by a small number of species, our results also highlighted a substantial number of less well publicized species that have had major environmental impacts and may currently be overlooked when prioritizing prevention efforts. Several of these species were ranked as high or higher than some of the previously recognized “usual suspects,” most notably Nylanderia fulva (tawny crazy ant). We compared and combined our assessments with trait‐based profiles and other lists to propose a consensus set of 31 priority species. Ever‐increasing global trade contributes to growing rates of species introductions. The integrated approaches we used can contribute to robust, holistic risk assessments for many taxa entrained in these pathways.
General‐purpose computation of two‐axis frequency characteristics of power converter circuit for stability analysis controlled in αβ frame
Authors: Kaneko Akinobu , Kato Toshiji , Inoue Kaoru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFrequency characteristics for a converter are necessary to design circuit and control parameters and they are utilized, for example, for stability analysis by the impedance method. This paper proposes an automatic formulation and analysis method, which are based on a general‐purpose simulation algorithm for the frequency analysis of an averaged power converter, based on node‐connection and model characteristic information of circuit and control elements. The general equation formulation method is extended to be able to include circuits controlled in αβ frame and characteristic expressions with αβ or dq frame. As the first application example, a three‐phase grid‐following inverter with a digital sinusoidal controller based on the complex vector theory in αβ frame is analyzed for the frequency characteristics of the output admittances. The characteristics are utilized for stability analysis by the impedance method and the inverter is assured to have passive characteristics and to be stable. As the second example, a three‐phase inverter is analyzed for its αβ and dq impedances. The proposed method is investigated for the computed results and it is validated.
Common mode noise suppression control for two‐motor drive systems
Authors: Hanioka Shota , Iezawa Masahiro , Ogasawara Satoshi , Takemoto Masatsugu , Orikawa Koji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a pulse‐width modulation (PWM) method for a two‐motor drive system that reduces the propagation of conduction noise to the power supply. This two‐motor drive system consists of two motors with two inverters, each of which is connected to a common DC bus. The proposed method suppresses the common mode voltage ideally to zero by shifting the rise and fall times of the output voltage of each inverter. Our experimental results show that the rise and fall times of the output voltage can be synchronized even when the two inverters are driven at different amplitudes and frequencies. We confirm that the proposed method suppresses the propagation of conduction noise to the power supply.
Matching algorithm for compact ride‐sharing in rural area using genetic algorithm
Authors: Takano Shina , Chida Shinya , Horita Yuukou 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTo solve the last mile problem in rural areas, we deal with compact ride‐sharing model. For reducing the computational cost, we use a simple GA method and compared the performance of the parameters. To simplify the problem, our algorithm use a simple linear distance and minimize the total traveling distance. A data set used for GA was based on the Inami area in Nanto City, Toyama Prefecture, that is a real case study region. The performance comparison experiment of the algorithm by changing parameters was carried out. Experimental results show that the algorithm is likely to give correct answers for up to four vehicles. It was also shown that the combination of population size and elite proportion for GA could reduce computational costs while ensuring accuracy. In addition, by ride‐sharing was actually carried out using the obtained experimental result, it was shown that it could be applied to the actual route even if the calculation was carried out in the linear distance.
Nondistractive extraction of intracellular molecules from yeast using PEF‐assisted autolysis
Authors: Okamoto Shuji , Murakami Yoji , Urabe Gen , Katsuki Sunao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses the possibility of nondestructive extraction of intracellular proteins of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by means of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) combined with autolysis. First, the effects of PEFs (20 kV/cm, 600 ns) on yeast and the subsequent cell wall collapse phenomenon were studied by morphological observation of fluorescence staining. Morphological observation shows that the PEFs increase the permeability of the cell membrane and also disrupt the intracellular vacuoles, whereas the cell wall morphology remains unchanged. However, the cell wall was collapse during the postPEF incubation. Next, the amount of extracted protein was evaluated by using the BCA assay. The amount of extracted protein in the PEF treated suspension was only a little, whereas the additional incubation promotes the extraction. Lastly, the size of the extracted proteins was investigated by using both Native‐PAGE and SDS‐PAGE. The PEF‐treated and incubated suspension contains the large protein over 250 kDa.
A simple staging system using biomarkers for wild‐type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in Japan
Authors: Nakashima Naoya , Takashio Seiji , Morioka Mami , Nishi Masato , Yamada Toshihiro , Hirakawa Kyoko , Ishii Masanobu , Tabata Noriaki , Yamanaga Kenshi , Fujisue Koichiro , Sueta Daisuke , Kanazawa Hisanori , Hoshiyama Tadashi , Hanatani Shinsuke , Araki Satoshi , Usuku Hiroki , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Ueda Mitsuharu , Matsushita Kenichi , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsIt has been reported that a staging system combining N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide and high‐sensitivity troponin T (hs‐cTnT) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is useful in patients with wild‐type transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTRwt‐CM). However, these studies were mainly conducted in Western countries, and their usefulness for the Japanese population is unclear. We examined and validated the staging system using hs‐cTnT, eGFR, and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in Japanese patients with ATTRwt‐CM.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively evaluated 176 patients with ATTRwt‐CM. The cut‐off values of hs‐cTnT and eGFR were selected as 0.05 ng/mL and 45 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, based on a previous report. The optimal cut‐off value of BNP was 255.6 pg/mL to predict all‐cause mortality (sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 58%; area under the curve, 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.78; P < 0.001) based on a receiver operating characteristic curve. We defined the cut‐off value of BNP as 250 pg/mL. Increased hs‐cTnT (>0.05 ng/mL) and BNP (>250 pg/mL) and decreased eGFR (<45 mL/min/1.73 m2) were significant predictors of poor prognosis (P < 0.05). We calculated the score by adding 1 point if hs‐cTnT and BNP levels increased or eGFR decreased by more than the cut‐off value. The hazard ratio of all‐cause death adjusted by age and sex, using score 0 as a reference, was 0.44 (95% CI 0.08–2.49, P = 0.44) for score 1, 3.69 (95% CI 1.21–11.21, P = 0.02) for score 2, and 5.40 (95% CI 1.57–18.54, P = 0.007) for score 3. We divided patients into a low score group (0–1 point) and high score group (2–3 points). Kaplan–Meier analyses revealed significant differences in all‐cause death and rehospitalization for heart failure (log rank test; P < 0.001), and after adjusting for sex and age, the hazard ratio of all‐cause death was 6.96 (95% Cl 2.88–16.83, P < 0.001) and that for rehospitalization for heart failure was 4.27 (95% Cl 2.26–8.07, P < 0.001) in the high‐risk group, compared with those in the low‐risk group. The median survival period was 32.0 months in the high‐risk group.ConclusionsThis simple staging system, which combines hs‐cTnT, BNP, and eGFR, was useful for predicting prognosis in Japanese patients with ATTRwt‐CM. This system can objectively evaluate the disease progression of ATTRwt‐CM and may be useful for patient selection for disease‐modifying therapy.
Taxonomy and distribution of desmids in Karapuzha Dam, Western Ghats, Kerala
Authors: Jose Dhanya , Antony Ignatius , Varghese Anto Puthur , Paul Parappully Tessy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDuring the studies of algae in the Wayanad district, a notable diversity of desmids observed in the Karapuzha dam, Kerala, India. Karapuzha Dam is 700 to 2061 metres above sea level and is a part of Western Ghats. Thirty‐nine taxa of desmids were identified from Karapuzha Dam of Wayanad district from June 2019 to May 2020. The collection comprises ten genera of 39 desmids, including 24 species ofCosmarium, 5Staurastrum, 2Closterium, 2Euastrum, 1Gonatozygon, 1Triplastrum, 1Penium, 1Spondylosium, 1Micrasteriasand 1Arthrodesmus. Among these,Cosmarium regnesivar.montanumis new to India, 8 taxa are new to Kerala and 2 taxa are new to South India. Some rare and high altitude distributed species are found in the study. This desmid diversity relates to the oligotrophic nature of the dam. This paper is a pioneer attempt to document the desmid flora of Karapuzha Dam, Kerala.