bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aging of severely mentally ill patients first admitted before or after the reorganization of psychiatric care in Sweden
Authors: Bülow Pia H. , Finkel Deborah , Allgurin Monika , Torgé Cristina Joy , Jegermalm Magnus , Ernsth-Bravell Marie , Bülow Per 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The concept of deinstitutionalization started in the 1960s in the US to describe closing down or reducing the number of beds in mental hospitals. The same process has been going on in many countries but with different names and in various forms. In Europe, countries like Italy prescribed by law an immediate ban on admitting patients to mental hospitals while in some other European countries psychiatric care was reorganized into a sectorized psychiatry characterized by open psychiatric care. This sectorization has not been studied to the same extent as the radical closures of mental hospitals, even though it entailed major changes in the organization of care. The deinstitutionalization in Sweden is connected to the sectorization of psychiatric care, a protracted process taking years to implement.

Methods
Older people, with their first admission to psychiatric care before or after the sectorization process, were followed using three different time metrics: (a) year of first entry into a mental hospital, (b) total years of institutionalization, and (c) changes resulting from aging. Data from surveys in 1996, 2001, 2006, and 2011 were used, together with National registers.

Results
Examination of date of first institutionalization and length of stay indicates a clear break in 1985, the year when the sectorization was completed in the studied municipality. The results show that the two groups, despite belonging to the same age group (birthyears 1910–1951, mean birthyear 1937), represented two different patient generations. The pre-sectorization group was institutionalized at an earlier age and accumulated more time in institutions than the post-sectorization group. Compared to the post-sectorization group, the pre-sectorization group were found to be disadvantaged in that their level of functioning was lower, and they had more unmet needs, even when diagnosis was taken into account.

Conclusions
Sectorization is an important divide which explains differences in two groups of the same age but with different institutional history: “modern” and “traditional” patient generations that received radically different types of care. The results indicate that the sectorization of psychiatric care might be as important as the Mental Health Care Reform of 1995, although a relatively quiet revolution.
Oxygenation versus driving pressure for determining the best positive end-expiratory pressure in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Rezaiguia-Delclaux Saida , Ren Léo , Gruner Aurélie , Roman Calypso , Genty Thibaut , Stéphan François 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to compare driving pressure and absolute PaO2/FiO2 ratio in determining the best positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level.

Patients and methods
In 122 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome, PEEP was increased until plateau pressure reached 30 cmH2O at constant tidal volume, then decreased at 15-min intervals, to 15, 10, and 5 cmH2O. The best PEEP by PaO2/FiO2 ratio (PEEPO2) was defined as the highest PaO2/FiO2 ratio obtained, and the best PEEP by driving pressure (PEEPDP) as the lowest driving pressure. The difference between the best PEEP levels was compared to a non-inferiority margin of 1.5 cmH2O.

Main results
The best mean PEEPO2 value was 11.9 ± 4.7 cmH2O compared to 10.6 ± 4.1 cmH2O for the best PEEPDP: mean difference = 1.3 cmH2O (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.4–2.3; one-tailed P value, 0.36). Only 46 PEEP levels were the same with the two methods (37.7%; 95% CI 29.6–46.5). PEEP level was ≥ 15 cmH2O in 61 (50%) patients with PEEPO2 and 39 (32%) patients with PEEPDP (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Depending on the method chosen, the best PEEP level varies. The best PEEPDP level is lower than the best PEEPO2 level. Computing driving pressure is simple, faster and less invasive than measuring PaO2. However, our results do not demonstrate that one method deserves preference over the other in terms of patient outcome.
Clinical trial number: #ACTRN12618000554268. Registered 13 April 2018.
Considerations in the management of hereditary angioedema due to C1-INH deficiency in women of childbearing age
Authors: Hsu Florence Ida , Lumry William , Riedl Marc , Tachdjian Raffi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, autosomal disorder that manifests with unpredictable episodes of severe swelling of the skin and mucous membranes. These attacks can be highly disfiguring and range in severity from mild to—in cases of airway swelling—life-threatening. Fluctuations in female sex hormones—such as the changes that occur during puberty, menses, contraceptive use, pregnancy, and menopause—can all affect the frequency and severity of HAE attacks. Disease management decisions for women of childbearing age may be more complex and require additional considerations since they could develop complications related to contraception, pregnancy, labor, delivery, and lactation. In addition, some HAE treatment options are contraindicated during pregnancy. Discussions about medications used to treat HAE should include a risk–benefit assessment of the woman’s health status, her preferences, and other factors that are relevant to the choice of therapy. Planning prophylactic therapies that are effective and safe before, during, and after pregnancy can prevent gaps in treatment, ensure continuity of care, and reduce both disease burden and risk of adverse fetal outcomes. The 2020 US Hereditary Angioedema Association (HAEA) Medical Advisory Board and 2021 World Allergy Organization/European Academy of Allergy and Immunology (WAO/EAACI) Guidelines outline key considerations for managing HAE in females of childbearing age (15–45 years), with the goal of improving treatment efficacy and safety for this cohort of patients. Treatment decisions made in a collaborative manner involving the patient, HAE specialist and obstetric/gynecologic specialist, is the best approach to ensure optimal HAE management and safety in this patient population.
Use of ambr®250 to assess mucic acid production in fed-batch cultures of a marine Trichoderma sp. D-221704
Authors: Tamminen Anu , Turunen Rosaliina , Barth Dorothee , Vidgren Virve , Wiebe Marilyn G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMucic acid, a diacid with potential use in the food, cosmetic, chemical and pharmaceutical industries, can be produced by microbial conversion of D-galacturonic acid, which is abundant in pectin. Using the ambr®250 bioreactor system, we found that a recently generated transformant (D-221704, formerly referred to as T2) of a marine Trichoderma species produced up to 53 g L−1 mucic acid in glucose-limited fed-batch culture with D-galacturonic acid in the feed at pH 4, with a yield of 0.99 g mucic acid per g D-galacturonic acid consumed. Yeast extract was not essential for high production, but increased the initial production rate. Reducing the amount of glucose as the co-substrate reduced the amount of mucic acid produced to 31 g L−1. Mucic acid could also be produced at pH values less than 4.0 (3.5 and 3.0), but the amount produced was less than at pH 4.0. Furthermore, the yield of mucic acid on D-galacturonic acid at the end of the cultivations (0.5 to 0.7 g g−1) at these low pH levels suggested that recovery may be more difficult at lower pH on account of the high level of crystal formation. Another strain engineered to produce mucic acid, Trichoderma reesei D-161646, produced only 31 g L−1 mucic acid under the conditions used with D-221704.
CircGAK inhibits cell growth, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-1323/HHIP axis
Authors: Zhu Hongchun , Lv Shihong , Yang Baijing , Liu Zhuoxi , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing evidence demonstrates that circular RNA (circRNA) plays a pivotal role in the development of disease, especially in Cancer. A previous circRNA microarray study showed that circGAK (hsa_circ_0005830) was remarkably down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. However, the role of circGAK in HCC remains largely unclear. The candidate circRNAs were screened via integrating the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE164803) analysis with the online program GEO2R. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was employed to measure the expression of circGAK miR-1323, and hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP) in HCC tissues and cells. The biological function of circGAK in HCC was examined using colony formation assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, wound healing assay, transwell cell invasion assay, endothelial tubular formation assay, western blot assay, and xenograft mouse model. Bioinformatics analysis, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay, and dual-luciferase reporter assay were utilized to test the interaction between miR-1323, and circGAK or HHIP. The expression of circGAK was abnormally down-regulated in HCC tissues and was associated with the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. Overexpression of circGAK remarkably impeded HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and endothelial tube formation in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo. Bioinformatics predicted that circGAK interacted with miR-1323, which targeted the HHIP mRNA 3'untranslated regions (UTR). Furthermore, upregulation of miR-1323 or shRNA-mediated HHIP suppression could recover circGAK-mediated malignant behaviors of HCC cells and tube formation of endothelial cells. Taken together, the circGAK/miR-1323/HHIP axis could suppress the progression of HCC and may provide potential new targets for the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
Qualitative research with patients and caregivers of patients with PIK3CA related overgrowth spectrum: content validity of clinical outcome assessments
Authors: Raymond Kimberly , Vallow Susan , Saucier Cory , Jackson Kristi , White Michelle K. , Lovley Andrew , D’Alessio Denise 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) are rare syndromes caused by a mutation in the PIK3CA gene, including fibroadipose hyperplasia or overgrowth; congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, scoliosis/skeletal and spinal (CLOVES); megalencephaly-capillary malformation (MCAP or M-CM); fibro-adipose vascular anomaly (FAVA); Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KT; also known as, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome); capillary, lymphatic, and venous malformations (CLVM); and lymphatic malformation (LM). Characterized by malformations and tissue overgrowth, PROS manifests at birth or in early childhood. Pain and functional limitations associated with these conditions may greatly impact the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of persons with PROS including physical functioning, work/school, social functioning, and emotional well-being.

Results
Selected clinical outcome assessments (COAs), identified during a literature review, were tested with adults with PROS, and children with PROS and their caregivers to determine comprehensibility, relevance, and appropriateness for measuring symptom severity and HRQoL. Tested were the Patient Global Impression of Symptom Severity (PGI-S), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Wong-Baker FACES, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Profile, PROMIS Pediatric Short Form Sleep Disturbance, and PROMIS Dyspnea Severity. Qualitative interviews tested the self-report adult, self-report pediatric, and observer-report COAs with adults with PROS, and children with PROS and their caregivers.
Ten adults (≥ 18 years old) with PROS, and 20 children (6–17 years old) with PROS and their caregivers, participated. All reported positive feedback on item relevance. Adults and children over the age of 12 comprehended and responded to self-reported items. Secondary objectives examined the age children could self-report their conditions using pediatric versions and assessed available observer-report versions of the COAs with caregivers. Some participants under the age of 12 had trouble understanding some terminology. Further, adults and children with cognitive impairment associated with MCAP/M-CM sometimes had difficulty with self-report. Caregivers were able to report their child’s symptoms and impacts using observer-report COAs. Participant feedback prompted further consideration of the measurement of pain in this population, including variability of pain over time, location of pain, and type.

Conclusions
This study provided valuable information from patients about PROS, supporting the content validity of the COAs, with recommended revisions. COAs are easily understood by persons with PROS and caregivers and are appropriate for measuring symptoms and disease-related impacts across diverse PROS syndromes in clinical trials.
A multipath mitigation algorithm for GNSS signals based on the steepest descent approach
Authors: Qiu Wenqi , Zeng Qinghua , Xu Rui , Liu Jianye , Shi Jinheng , Meng Qian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMultipath interference seriously degrades the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning in an urban canyon. Most current multipath mitigation algorithms suffer from heavy computational load or need external assistance. We propose a multipath mitigation algorithm based on the steepest descent approach, which has the merits of less computational load and no need for external aid. A new ranging code tracking loop is designed based on the steepest descent method, which can save an early branch or a late branch compared with the narrow-spacing correlation method. The power of the Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) signal is weaker than that of the Line-of-Sight (LOS) signal when the LOS signal is not obstructed and with a relatively high Carrier Noise Ratio (CNR). The peak position in the X-axis of the ranging code autocorrelation function does not move with the NLOS interference. Meanwhile, the cost function is designed according to this phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms the narrow-spacing correlation and the Multipath Estimated Delay Locked Loop (MEDLL) in terms of the code multipath mitigation and computation time. The Standard Deviation (STD) of the tracking error with the proposed algorithm is less than 0.016 chips. Moreover, the computation time of the proposed algorithm in a software defined receiver is shortened by 24.21% compared with the narrow-spacing correlation.
Fiber laser development enabled by machine learning: review and prospect
Authors: Jiang Min , Wu Hanshuo , An Yi , Hou Tianyue , Chang Qi , Huang Liangjin , Li Jun , Su Rongtao , Zhou Pu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, machine learning, especially various deep neural networks, as an emerging technique for data analysis and processing, has brought novel insights into the development of fiber lasers, in particular complex, dynamical, or disturbance-sensitive fiber laser systems. This paper highlights recent attractive research that adopted machine learning in the fiber laser field, including design and manipulation for on-demand laser output, prediction and control of nonlinear effects, reconstruction and evaluation of laser properties, as well as robust control for lasers and laser systems. We also comment on the challenges and potential future development.
Mediastinal teratoma presented with nonimmune hydrops and chylothorax: a case report
Authors: Kostekci Yasemin Ezgi , Kraja Elvis , Ergun Ergun , Demir Berrin , Okulu Emel , Erdeve Omer , Yagmurlu Aydın , Fitoz Omer Suat , Ceyhan Koray , Atasay Begum , Arsan Saadet 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) can be caused by different types of etiologies. Some rare intrathoracic lesions are associated with NIHF. Combination of mediastinal teratoma, NIHF, and chylothorax is extremely rare. Mediastinal teratomas which are located in midline should be difficult to be detected. Thoracic imaging should be performed with unknown etiology for hydrops, and in case of chylothorax, the presence of a mass compressing the ductus thoracicus should be considered primarily.

Case presentation
An infant was born with a diagnosis of NIHF. Bilateral chest tubes were inserted cause of bilateral pleural effusions. After enteral feeding, the previously clear pleural fluid became chylous. Medium-chain triglyceride infant formula and somatostatin analog octreotide were initiated. A mass was appeared on her neck with the disappearance of skin edema. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a large, heterogeneous mass which was suggesting immature teratoma originating from thyroid gland. Complete surgical excision of the mass was performed. Histology confirmed high-grade immature teratoma. The neonate made an uneventful recovery. Following complete cessation of pleural fluid drainage, octreotide was stopped. She was discharged home on exclusive breast milk on day 34 of life.

Conclusions
Mediastinal teratomas are rare masses that cause hydrops fetalis. Although the association of NIHF and mediastinal teratoma is rare, thoracic imaging can be performed if an etiology cannot be found despite basic evaluations for hydrops. In case of chylothorax, the presence of a mass compressing the ductus thoracicus should be considered primarily, and thoracic imaging should be performed.
Analysis of the workload of Dock 16 Ilir workers sing Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, Ovako Working Analysis System, and Nordic Body Map Methods: A quantitative case study
Authors: Desi Kusmindari Christofora , Indriani Poppy , Nu'man A Harits , Muthmainah Salma Mutia , Erina Ira 
Published: July 2022

Abstract: Industry players are encouraged to automate as a result of technological advancements. However, due to lack of finances several businesses continue to require human labor in the production process, particularly in the operation of transferring items . Transportation activities at Dock 16 Ilir in Palembang City, starts with delivering items from the shop to the ship or vice versa by utilizing human strength in less ergonomic work positions with little consideration for the weight of the load. Whencarrying goods , the body is bent, the neck is bent, and the arms are distant from the body, putting the body at a very high risk of injury. This type of working position causes muscle aches ranging from mild to severe. The personnel seen in this investigation were rice transporters and cement transporters. The aim of this study is to quantify the workload and provide a design tool to help lessen worker concerns. The Nordic Body Map, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), and Ovako Working Analysis System (OWAS)methodologies were used in this investigation. The study's findings showed that the five cement transport workers and four rice transport workers were at risk of developing muscoskeletal illnesses, with a risk level of 3 to 4, indicating that the risk category is very high and comprehensive treatment is required as soon as feasible. According to the OWAS technique, the posture of rice transportation employees has a value of 3, indicating that they are at high danger. Meanwhile, the working posture of cement transportation has a score of 7 with a risk level of 4, indicating that the danger of MSDS is very high. The developing aids are projected to lower the danger of Muscoskeletal Disorders in a backpack-like style that can resist large loads and reduce the risk of Muscoskeletal Disorders.
T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in unexposed South African women
Authors: Nunes Marta C. , Johnson Michael J. , Kwatra Gaurav , Weinberg Adriana , Madhi Shabir A. 
Published: July 2022

Background: A potential explanation for the fact that the high rate of infection of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa did not translate into high rates of severe illness and death may be the presence of cross-reactive immunity induced by common cold coronaviruses (CCoV). Methods: We used SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools and whole virus antigen to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected pre-2020 from South African women. Dual-colour FluoroSpot assay was used to measure interferon gamma (IFNγ) and interleukin 2 (IL2) production. Results: Among the 97 study participants, IFNγ responses were observed in 29.9% of the women and IL2 among 39.2%. Overall, 51.6% of women demonstrated response to at least one stimulant. Conclusion: We demonstrate the presence of cross-reactive immunity to SARS-CoV-2, which might have been induced by past exposure to CCoV.
Un estudio sobre las características didácticas, de contenido y narrativas de los productos audiovisuales disponibles en YouTube Kids
Authors: Martín Gómez Sebastián , Vidal Esteve María Isabel , López Gómez Silvia 
Published: July 2022

Este artículo analiza las características de una selección de productos audiovisuales dirigidos a niños de 0 a 4 años alojados en la plataforma YouTube Kids.
Por un lado, se analiza la propia plataforma; su estructura, diseño, usabilidad e interactividad. Por otro lado, se analizan los recursos más populares en cada una de las categorías establecidas en la propia plataforma, a saber: programas, música, aprendizaje y exploración.
Se evaluaron un total de 29 videos, mediante una herramienta de análisis desarrollada ad-hoc, que se estructura en las siguientes áreas de análisis: didáctica, de contenido y narrativa. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la plataforma se basa en una estructura similar a la de YouTube, pero adaptada a los niños, con poca descripción de los contenidos y excluyendo funciones como: valoración de vídeos, comentarios de las familias u observación del número de visualizaciones, entre otras. otros.
En cuanto a los materiales audiovisuales, la mayoría de los vídeos son de larga duración y están enfocados desde una perspectiva lúdica más que pedagógica, haciendo que su consumo se centre principalmente en el ámbito doméstico y familiar.

Palabras clave
YouTube Kids, productos audiovisuales, material didáctico digital, educación infantil, videos.
Simulation and analysis of supercontinuum generation in the waveband up to 25  µm
Authors: Gao Weiqing , Dai Wenwen , Zheng Ziqi , Chen Kai , Chu Yiqi , Luo Qiaoxia , Wang Xian , Zhang Kai , Huang Song , Zhou Yong , Fang Wentan , Chen Xiaolin , Ma Xiaohui , Liao Meisong 
Published: July 2022

The ultra-wideband supercontinuum generation (SCG) in a Te-based chalcogenide (ChG) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is simulated in the mid-infrared (MIR) waveband. The PCF core and cladding materials are

G
e

20

A
s

20

S
e

15

T
e

45

and

G
e

20

A
s

20

S
e

17

T
e

43

, respectively. The supercontinuum (SC) broadening affected by the core diameter and fiber absorption is considered. The selected PCFs at different pumping wavelengths can demonstrate the generation of ultra-wideband MIR supercontinuum according to the simulated results. We consider SC broadening with and without fiber absorption. A SC range from 3 to 25 µm is demonstrated by simulation in a PCF with a core diameter of 8 µm and a pump wavelength of 6 µm considering the fiber absorption. With the increase of the peak power and the pulse width and the decrease of the core diameter, the degree of coherence gradually degraded. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the possibility of SCG up to the waveband of 25 µm in fiber. Our results highlight the potential of a novel Te-based chalcogenide multi-material PCF for SCG. We also provide a way to generate the SCs to longer wavebands than 20 µm in fiber, especially up to the far-infrared waveband.