bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
So sánh hiệu quả tài chính mô hình chăn nuôi vịt thịt theo hướng an toàn sinh học với chăn nuôi truyền thống tại huyện Mang Thít, tỉnh Vĩnh Long
Authors: Nguyễn Tấn Lợi , Nguyễn Thanh Bình 
Published: May 2022

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm so sánh hiệu quả tài chính mô hình chăn nuôi vịt theo hướng an toàn sinh học (ATSH) với mô hình truyền thống (MHTT) để có những đề xuất phù hợp cho phát triển bền vững nghề nuôi vịt tại huyện Mang Thít, tỉnh Vĩnh Long trong tương lai. Số liệu và thông tin được thu thập từ phỏng vấn những người am hiểu và điều tra hai nhóm hộ chăn nuôi vịt theo hướng ATSH (30 hộ) và MHTT (30 hộ) tại huyện Mang Thít, tỉnh Vĩnh Long. Thống kê mô tả, kiểm định T-test và phân tích SWOT được sử dụng để phân tích dữ liệu. Kết quả cho thấy mô hình chăn nuôi vịt hướng ATSH mang lại hiệu quả cao hơn thể hiện ở tỷ lệ nuôi sống cao, sản lượng cao, trọng lượng xuất chuồng lớn và đồng đều, dẫn đến lợi nhuận cao, hiệu quả đồng vốn và hiệu quả công lao động gia đình cao hơn so với chăn nuôi truyền thống (P<0,05). Mặt khác, mô hình nuôi theo hướng ATSH cũng được đánh giá là ít ô nhiễm môi trường, giải quyết được công ăn việc làm cho lao động nông thôn. Tuy nhiên, mô hình vẫn còn một số tồn tại như chi phí đầu tư cao, giá bán còn thấp và không khác biệt so với MHTT, chưa có liên kết tiêu thụ. Do vậy, định hướng phát triển trong tương lai cần tập trung giải quyết các vấn đề trên.
APOL1 Kidney Risk Variants and Proteomics
Authors: Chen Teresa K. , Surapaneni Aditya L. , Arking Dan E. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Boerwinkle Eric , Chen Jingsha , Coresh Josef , Köttgen Anna , Susztak Katalin , Tin Adrienne , Yu Bing , Grams Morgan E. 
Published: May 2022

Background and objectives
The APOL1 risk variants (G1 and G2) are associated with kidney disease among Black adults, but the clinical presentation is heterogeneous. In mouse models and cell systems, increased gene expression of G1 and G2 confers cytotoxicity. How APOL1 risk variants relate to the circulating proteome warrants further investigation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Among 461 African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (AASK) participants (mean age: 54 years; 41% women; mean GFR: 46 ml/min per 1.73 m2), we evaluated associations of APOL1 risk variants with 6790 serum proteins (measured via SOMAscan) using linear regression models. Covariates included age, sex, percentage of European ancestry, and protein principal components 1–5. Associated proteins were then evaluated as mediators of APOL1-associated risk for kidney failure. Findings were replicated among 875 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study Black participants (mean age: 75 years; 66% women; mean eGFR: 67 ml/min per 1.73 m2).

Results
In the AASK study, having two (versus zero or one) APOL1 risk alleles was associated with lower serum levels of APOL1 (P=3.11E-13; P=3.12E-06 [two aptamers]), APOL2 (P=1.45E-10), CLSTN2 (P=2.66E-06), MMP-2 (P=2.96E-06), SPOCK2 (P=2.57E-05), and TIMP-2 (P=2.98E-05) proteins. In the ARIC study, APOL1 risk alleles were associated with APOL1 (P=1.28E-11); MMP-2 (P=0.004) and TIMP-2 (P=0.007) were associated only in an additive model, and APOL2 was not available. APOL1 high-risk status was associated with a 1.6-fold greater risk of kidney failure in the AASK study; none of the identified proteins mediated this association. APOL1 protein levels were not associated with kidney failure in either cohort.

Conclusions

APOL1 risk variants were strongly associated with lower circulating levels of APOL1 and other proteins, but none mediated the APOL1-associated risk for kidney failure. APOL1 protein level was also not associated with kidney failure.
Susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos de bactérias isoladas de leite caprino em Sergipe, Brasil
Authors: Rizzo Huber Huber , Carrillo Gaeta Natália , Andrade Coelho Ramon , Ribeiro Alves da Silva Caíque , Katiele Souza de Jesus Taile , Livingstone Felizola Soares de Andrade Rachel 
Published: May 2022

Introdução: A resistência bacteriana é parte fundamental da Saúde Única, definida como a união humana indissociável entre as saúdes animal, e ambiental. produto, pelo consumo epidemiológica a disseminação de resistência bacteriana em animais, seus produtos são apresentados são alimentos vista carne, e podem apresentar-se por meio da cadeia de produção de alimentos pela manipulação faça o alimentos vista carne. Em virtude da resistência da informação, faz com que a caracterização da epidemia não seja necessária. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar uma frequência e o perfil de sensibilidade a bactérias antimicrobianas isoladas de amostras de municípios de estado de Sergipe.
Discussão : A E. coli, foi a espécie mais frequente nas amostras. É considerado um patógeno ambiental, e sua alta frequência nos diferentes rebanhos indica higiene de ordem precária. E. coli também se destaca como uma espécie que mais apresentou isolados multidroga resistentes (MDR; 50%), com cepas resistentes a beta-lactâmicos, aminoglicosídeos, quinolonas, tetraciclinas e cloranfenicol. Os estafilococos coagulase negativas (SCN) são reconhecidos publicamente como um problema de saúde, já que são agentes etiológicos de várias enfermidades e têm facilidade de adquirirem genes de resistência a antimicrobianos. Embora não tenha sido a espécie mais isolada, S. aureusfoi a segunda espécie com maior frequência de cepas MDR. A presença de espécies MDR é relevante e alerta uma necessidade de ações urgentes para aumentar a disseminação da antimicrobianos, uma resistência para ser de maneira conjunta por profissionais na saúde humana, animal e ambiental.
Vietnam en 2021: el proceso de transformación dentro de la pandemia
Authors: León de la Rosa Raquel Isamara 
Published: May 2022

Este informe rescata los principales eventos ocurridos en Vietnam desde el cuarto trimestre de 2020 al tercer trimestre de 2021. El documento se encuentra dividido en tres secciones: política, relaciones internacionales y economía. De acuerdo con estos eventos, se plantea la pregunta de si este país camina o no hacia una transformación a partir de las reformas económicas de Doi Moi, luego de las elecciones dentro del XIII Congreso Nacional del Partido y dado el papel que desempeñan los actores regionales e internacionales que determinan el posicionamiento económico vietnamita y su dinámica dentro de la política internacional. De igual manera, uno de los temas importantes es la revisión de la estrategia seguida por el gobierno respecto a la crisis sanitaria de la covid-19.
Effect of different contrast medium injection protocols for analysis of hepatic computed tomography perfusion in healthy dogs
Authors: Amaha Takao , Ishigaki Kumiko , Ishikawa Chieko , Iizuka Keigo , Nagumo Takahiro , Tamura Kei , Asano Kazushi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the hepatic CT perfusion (CTP) for determining the appropriate protocol for the dual-input maximum-slope model in dogs.

ANIMALS
5 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES
Each dog underwent CTP with different contrast medium administration protocols. Combinations of three different injected doses of iohexol (450, 600, and 750 mg/kg) and injection durations (5, 10, and 15 seconds) were used. The CT values at the aorta, portal vein, and hepatic parenchyma were measured to create a time–density curve, and CTP parameters were measured simultaneously on each hepatic lobe using a 320-row multidetector CT scanner.

RESULTS
The maximum peak enhancement at the aorta, portal vein, and hepatic parenchyma was greater with the 750-mg/kg dose than with the 450-mg/kg dose. With an injection duration of 15 seconds, the aortic enhancement peak was less, and the arrival time at the aortic enhancement peak was longer compared to that with a 5-second injection duration. The CTP parameters in the caudate process of the caudate lobe and left lateral lobe differed with different injection durations. The CTP parameters in the caudate process of the caudate lobe, left lateral lobe, and right lateral lobe differed with varying injected doses.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Our study demonstrated that rapid administration of the contrast medium was required for quantitative analysis of hepatic CTP in healthy dogs. The CTP parameters differed with respect to the contrast medium administration protocol, and it was necessary to administer the contrast medium within a fixed duration and at a fixed dose to evaluate CTP correctly.
A randomized clinical trial to compare ketamine-butorphanol-azaperone-medetomidine and detomidine-etorphine-acepromazine for anesthesia of captive Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii)
Authors: Milnes Ellie L. , Skelding Alicia M. , Larouche Cédric B. , Ferro Angelica , Delnatte Pauline , Dutton Christopher , Anderson Neil E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare ketamine-butorphanol-azaperone-medetomidine (KBAM) to detomidine-etorphine-acepromazine (DEA) for field anesthesia in captive Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii).

ANIMALS
10 adult Przewalski horses.

PROCEDURES
A prospective randomized crossover trial was conducted. Each horse was immobilized once with KBAM (200 mg ketamine, 109.2 mg butorphanol, 36.4 mg azaperone, and 43.6 mg medetomidine) and once with DEA (40 mg detomidine premedication, followed 20 minutes later by 3.9 to 4.4 mg etorphine and 16 to 18 mg acepromazine). Both protocols were administered by IM remote dart injection with a washout period of 6 months between treatments. Selected cardiorespiratory variables and quality of anesthesia were recorded. Antagonists were administered IM (KBAM, 215 mg atipamezole and 50 mg naltrexone; DEA, 4 mg RX821002 and 100 mg naltrexone).

RESULTS
All horses were anesthetized and recovered uneventfully. Inductions (DEA, 6.8 min; KBAM, 11.6 min; P = 0.04) and recoveries (DEA, 3.2 min; KBAM, 19.6 min; P < 0.01) were faster with DEA compared with KBAM. Quality scores for induction and recovery did not differ between protocols, but maintenance quality was poorer for DEA (P < 0.01). Clinical concerns during DEA immobilizations included apnea, severe hypoxemia (arterial partial pressure of oxygen < 60 mm Hg), muscle rigidity, and tremors. Horses treated with KBAM were moderately hypoxemic, but arterial partial pressures of oxygen were higher compared with DEA (P < 0.01).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Captive Przewalski horses are effectively immobilized with KBAM, and this protocol results in superior muscle relaxation and less marked hypoxemia during the maintenance phase, but slower inductions and recoveries, compared with DEA.
Determination of the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in donkeys
Authors: Escobar André , Dzikiti Brighton T. , Thorogood Jemma C. , Maney Jill K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane in donkeys and characterize recovery from anesthesia.

ANIMALS
7 healthy castrated male adult donkeys.

PROCEDURES
Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained under mechanical ventilation with 1.3% isoflurane end-tidal concentration (ETiso). The MAC of isoflurane was determined after a 60-minute propofol washout period using the bracketing method. A continuous noxious electrical stimulation was applied to the oral mucosa for 1 minute or until the donkey moved. The ETiso was increased or decreased by 10% depending on the response, and MAC was defined as the average of 2 ETiso values allowing and preventing movement in response to stimulation. Arterial blood gases were measured during anesthesia and the recovery period. Unassisted recovery was timed, and a quality score was assigned from 1 (very poor) to 5 (excellent).

RESULTS
The mean dose of propofol required for induction was 3.0 ± 0.6 mg/kg. The MAC of isoflurane was 1.44 ± 0.13%. One donkey was excluded from the study because it was still responsive when stimulated at ETiso of 2.8%. Immediately after extubation, the median (range) partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood was 63 (minimum to maximum, 46 to 72) mm Hg and 3 donkeys were hypoxemic (partial pressure of arterial oxygen < 60 mm Hg). The median time to standing was 13 (7 to 38) minutes, while the recovery score was 3 (2 to 5).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The MAC of isoflurane in donkeys is similar to that reported in other species. Oxygen support should be provided to donkeys during recovery from isoflurane anesthesia to prevent hypoxemia.
An Evaluation of a Language Processor for an African Native Language-based Programming Language
Authors: Olatunji Ezekiel K. , Olabiyisi Stephen O. , Oladosu John B. , Odejobi Odetunji A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The design and prototype implementation of a subset of an African indigenous language-based programming language has been carried out and reported. In this study, an evaluation of the processor developed for the native language-based programming language was carried out in order to assess its level of conformance to the characteristics required of a good software product as set by the international organization for standardization (ISO). The developed language processor was evaluated using some metrics for evaluating the quality of software systems including structural and time complexity. A usability test was also conducted to assess users’ perception of the system concerning its relevance and ease of use. The result of system evaluation indicated that the system contains 1558 lines of code, its cyclomatic complexity is 14 and its asymptotic time complexity is of order big oh O (n3), where n is the size of the input to the system. Over 86% of the participants in the usability test attested to the system’s relevance while the usability rating was 86%. The developed system can be inferred to be of good quality as the results of its evaluation are positively on the high side for satisfying most of the ISO criteria for adjudging a software product as being of good quality. Furthermore, the high usability rating for the system indicates that the programming language whose compiler was evaluated satisfies most of the criteria set by the Department of Defense (DOD) for assessing the ‘goodness’ or otherwise of a programming language.
How does prosodic deficit impact naïve listeners recognition of emotion? An analysis with speakers affected by Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Biassoni Federica , Gnerre Martina , Malaspina Eleonora , Di Tella Sonia , Anzuino Isabella , Baglio Francesca , Silveri Maria Caterina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to understand the impact of the prosodic deficit in Parkinson’s disease (PD) on the communicative effectiveness of vocal expression of emotion. Fourteen patients with PD and 13 healthy control subjects (HC) uttered the phrase “non è possible, non ora” (“It is not possible, not now”) six times reading different emotional narrations. Three experts evaluated the PD subjects’ vocal production in terms of their communicative effectiveness. The PD patients were divided into two groups: PD+ (with residual effectiveness) and PD− (with impaired effectiveness). The vocal productions were administered to 30 naïve listeners. They were requested to label the emotion they recognized and to make judgments about their communicative effectiveness. The PD speakers were perceived as less effective than the HC speakers in conveying emotions (especially fear and anger). The PD− group was the most impaired in the expression of emotion, suggesting that speech disorders impact differently at the same stage of the disease with varying degrees of severity.
MicroRNA Regulation of Messenger RNA in Lung Neuroendocrine Cell Lines
Authors: Fang Alexis 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare lung cancers whose pathomechanisms are poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs (19-24 nucleotides in length) that negatively regulate messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Each miRNA targets a specific set of mRNAs to regulate. To better understand the molecular biology of lung NENs, we investigated miRNA-mediated mRNA regulation in NEN and non-NEN cell lines.
Methods: NEN and non-NEN cell line expression profiles were relative frequency normalized before undergoing outlier and batch detection. We identified the top 1% most highly expressed miRNAs in all cell lines, NEN cell lines, and non-NEN cell lines. Next, we identified differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs between NEN and non-NEN types. We used the Bio-miRTa target prediction algorithm to identify the putative mRNA targets of key miRNAs. Key miRNAs are miRNAs uniquely expressed in NENs compared to non-NENs types. We subsequently determined the likely biological pathways of the predicted targets using the g:Profiler software.
Results: High and differential expression analyses identified miRs-375, -200c, -100, -141, and -7 to be the key miRNAs in lung NEN cell lines compared to non-NEN types. 8014 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified between NEN and non-NEN types. 3916 predicted mRNA targets were identified, which collectively participated in pathways from 21 different categories of cellular function.
Discussion: Comparisons between NEN and non-NEN cell lines identified the key miRNAs of lung NENs to be miRs-375, -200c, -100, -141, and -7. The identified biological pathways of the predicted targets highlight the functional differences between NENs and non-NENs.
Conclusions: Our high and differential expression analyses results identified the key miRNAs in lung NEN cell lines. The biological pathways of the predicted mRNA targets of key miRNAs were also identified. The results generated in this study help to differentiate NENs from non-NENs, which provides a deeper insight into the pathomechanisms of lung NENs. These results also expand our current knowledge in lung NEN biology, which may facilitate the future development of NEN specific drugs and diagnostic tests.
MRI spectrum of avascular necrosis of femoral head in patients treated for COVID-19
Authors: Kachewar Sushil Ghanshyama , Kachewar Smita Sushil 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were to analyze the spectrum of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head as seen in MRI images of patients treated for COVID-19.

Material and Methods:
The different patterns of the findings of AVN of the femoral head as seen in MRI images in 200 patients who received standard treatment for COVID-19 in the recent past and presented with hip pain were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:
No positive findings to suggest any femoral head AVN as per the Ficat and Arlet classification were seen in 94% of cases. Stage IV AVN was seen in 0 cases (0%). Stage I AVN was seen in 6 cases (3%). Stage II AVN was seen in 4 cases (2%). Stage III AVN was seen in 2 cases (1%).

Conclusion:
In patients who have received standard treatment for COVID-19 and who later developed hip pain, the incidence of AVN was seen in 6% of cases. It was mainly seen more in the younger population (<40 years of age) probably due to quick ambulation and return to daily work. Elderly patients were rarely affected. Normal MRI findings were more common in these cases. Among the positive MRI scans of such cases, mild findings of AVN (Stage I) were the most predominant.
The Factor of Sustainability of Ethnic Culture in the Global World: To the Concept of Cultural Federalism
Authors: Pudov Aleksey G. 
Published: May 2022

The article proposes the concept of cultural federalism, which contributes to the sustainability of ethnic cultures in the era of global unification. The new understanding of federalism revives the meanings of modernity, contributing to the synergy of Russia’s multinational culture, overcoming alienation, and disintegration of multiculturalism.The novelty of the topic lies in the substantiation of the concept of cultural federalism vs ethno-federalism. The concept is adequate to the cultural situation of modern Russia, its multinational cultural capital, capable of countering the secession with the integration model of interaction and mutual enrichment of cultural programs. The cultural federalism contributes to the development of a national Russian idea, the absence of which reduces the effect of national consolidation and nation-building.The proposed concept serves as a tool for resolving the contradiction between the form and content of the “sleeping” ethnic federalism. The article considers the dialectical self-development of the federation subjects entering the era of organic socio-cultural modernization. This is expressed by the ethno-cultural renaissance in the field of art. Thus, the ethno-modern in the art of Yakutia demonstrates productivity, ensuring the sustainability of the ethnic cultures of the North-East of Russia from the erosion of their moral and spiritual foundations.
Roman Jakobson: deux programmes de fondation de la slavistique, 1929/1953
Authors: Avtonomova Natalja , Sériot Patrick 
Published: May 2022

Natalja AVTONOMOVA, Institute of Philosophy, Moscow : «R. Jakobson : two founding programs of slavistics, 1929 - 1953»
This paper shows the specificity of Jakobson's ideas about the Slavic world, in their relations to classical slavophilism (which considered that the Western Slavs, for religious reasons, did not really belong to the Slavic world) and to eurasianism (as represented by N. Trubetzkoy, who denied to the Slavic world any existence other than the purely linguistic).
In Prague Jakobson is deeply involved in comparing Russian scientific ideas and corresponding Czech ideas. He strives to include into the scope of Eurasianism Western Slavic problematics, which had been expelled from studying by the Slavophils and Trubetzkoy.
The «American» Jakobson, on the other hand, deals with the problem of Slavdom from another geographical and epistemological point of view. The Slavic cultural community is presented through the literature of the Western, Southern and Eastern Slavs, and Jakobson studies how the community of language determines a certain degree of cultural community.
The «Eurasian» line of Jakobson's work is a missing link between the slavophile approach of the Slavic world and the conception he had after 1939, as a political, linguistic and cultural unit.
Fonctionnalisme et thérapeutique
Authors: Gadet Françoise 
Published: May 2022

Françoise GADET, University of Paris-X-Nanterre : «Functionalism and therapeutics»
At about the same time (around 1930) a number of works written by different linguists, representing various schools of thought in various countries, all highlight a concern with language change and in particular with the notion of causality (Jakobson, Frei). Each in his own way is aiming to develop a functionalist perspective on a system, in which teleology and function will play – in varying degrees – an important part, thorough the incorporation of the idea of the «speaking subject».
This article starts from a close reading of Jakobson and uses current notions of language change, in order to shed light on the relation between Jakobson's work and that of other linguists in the 1930s.
Ta mère... Notes sur un changement de pratique discursive
Authors: Adam Jean-Michel 
Published: May 2022

Une très singulière pratique discursive a été observée par le socio-linguiste américain William Labov, dans le chapitre 8 du premier volume de la traduction française de son second grand livre : Le Parler ordinaire (1978). Il s’agit de ce qu’on appelle : les injures ou insultes rituelles, ou encore les vannes ou les charres.