bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life Writing as Solidarity Work in the 1970s Turkish Left
Authors: Erbil Duygu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis chapter analyses the dialectic of cultural memory and political solidarity in Three Saplings on the Gallows (Darağacında Üç Fidan) by the Turkish socialist writer Nihat Behram. First published in 1976 to commemorate the 1972 executions of the Marxist-Leninist revolutionaries Deniz Gezmiş, Hüseyin İnan, and Yusuf Aslan, Three Saplings on the Gallows constitutes one of the most widely circulated life narratives in the history of the Turkish left, undergoing its 125th print in 2022 despite being banned for two decades. Situating the book as relational life writing and as a “portable monument” in Turkey’s leftist memory culture, I argue that Behram’s commemoration of these figures’ lives constitutes activist memory work that conceptualises and practices remembrance as a foundation for political solidarity, establishing memory work as solidarity work. Situating memory work as auto/biographical, I first trace how Behram conceptualises witnessing as a way of forging solidarity through self-reflective acts of remembrance. Then, I examine the ways in which Behram’s own life narrative was inscribed into later editions of the book through paratextual additions to evidence his solidaristic self-sacrifice. I argue that the book’s formative role in left-wing cultural memory in Turkey relies on its conceptualisation and defiant practice of bearing witness to the deaths of ‘three saplings’ as a form of building and sustaining political alliance.
Nicaragua in the Rearview Mirror: Life Writing by Leftist US Activists Since the 1980s
Authors: Baier Verena 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe legacy of 1980s leftist Nicaragua activism in the US is still evident in the life writing of former US activists, revealing a dynamic interplay between past experiences and present-day reflections. Through an examination of six works of life writing published between 1991 and 2022, this chapter offers a mosaic of perspectives on the remembrance of 1980s Nicaragua activism. Drawing on Enzo Traverso’s concept of left-wing melancholia, this chapter explores the production and negotiation of cultural memory within the US Nicaragua peace and solidarity movement (PSM) post-1990, alongside the mobilisation of past narratives for contemporary socio-political endeavours. It thus underscores the role of life writing in maintaining activist engagement and shaping the discourse surrounding the movement’s legacy which, in some instances, challenges previously unified assessments within PSM circles and scholarly communities.
The Syrian Prison: From Autobiography to the Creation of Identity
Authors: Baker Jaber 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIf we can understand and analyse Syrian identity under a prison microscope, we can protect Syrians. Over the past century, the Syrian Prison has developed and grown to play a supreme role in Syrian political life. It has evolved from a mere penal institution to a political space that reflects its impact on public political life outside it; then, it turned into an eternal prison, then an extermination prison. The Syrian Prison has a clear imprint on Syrian society and identity. Therefore, writing an autobiography of this prison is a great challenge. But how do we write the prison’s autobiography without official sources and government documents? How do the life narratives of former prisoners contribute to building the collective autobiography of the prison? Are the witness accounts of former detainees sufficient as the sole source for this process? What about oral histories? How can I, a former political prisoner myself, interview others to collaborate on writing the autobiography of the Syrian Prison that lives through us? What technique should be used for these interviews? If it is possible to write the autobiography of prison, how can this work help us understand and reshape Syrian collective identity? How can this research as a practice of life writing and memory work contribute to building this identity? These are the questions I seek to reflect on in this chapter.
Temporal Closeness for Enhanced Cross-Modal Retrieval of Sensor and Image Data
Authors: Yamamoto Shuhei , Kando Noriko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to dense retrieval across multiple modalities, emphasizing the integration of images and sensor data. Traditional cross-modal retrieval techniques face significant challenges, particularly in processing non-linguistic modalities and creating effective training datasets. To address these issues, we propose a method that uses a shared vector space, optimized with contrastive loss, to enable efficient and accurate retrieval across diverse modalities. A key innovation of our approach is the introduction of a temporal closeness metric, which evaluates the relationship between data points based on their timestamps. This metric helps automatically extract positive and hard negative samples related to the query, improving the training process and enhancing the retrieval model’s performance. We validate our approach using the Lifelog Search Challenge 2024 (LSC’24) dataset, one of the largest multi-modal datasets, including non-linguistic data such as egocentric images, heart rate, and location information. Our evaluation shows that incorporating temporal closeness into the dense retrieval process significantly improves retrieval accuracy and robustness in real-world, multi-modal scenarios. This paper’s contributions include developing a novel dense retrieval framework, introducing the temporal closeness metric, and successfully applying these innovations to a comprehensive multi-modal dataset.
Linear and nonlinear record high optical birefringence in anisotropic van der Waals crystals
Authors: Sortino Luca 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMultilayered van der Waals (vdW) materials are semiconductors composed of atomically thin crystal layers, held together by weak vdW forces. They offer unique crystal structures and electronic properties, distinct from conventional semiconductors, making them a promising platform for linear and nonlinear optics. In this context, the large refractive indexes given by highly polarizable transition metals, combined with excitonic resonances and unconventional crystalline structures, provides a toolbox for exploring non-linear physics and strong light–matter interactions with unprecedented opportunities for nanoscale optics. Recent reports highlight novel vdW materials, particularly PdPSe, a pentagonal crystal with strong nonlinear responses, and As2S3, a record high birefringence crystal, as favorable candidates to engineer nonlinear responses and miniaturization of optical components, owing to the combination of high refractive index and strong optical anisotropy of the underlying crystal structures. While still in its infancy, research on vdW materials promise a florid ground for fundamental studies, bridging the gap between material science and nanoscale optics.
Metrology with a twist: probing and sensing with vortex light
Authors: Cheng Mingjian , Jiang Wenjie , Guo Lixin , Li Jiangting , Forbes Andrew 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOptical metrology is a well-established subject, dating back to early interferometry techniques utilizing light’s linear momentum through fringes. In recent years, significant interest has arisen in using vortex light with orbital angular momentum (OAM), where the phase twists around a singular vortex in space or time. This has expanded metrology’s boundaries to encompass highly sensitive chiral interactions between light and matter, three-dimensional motion detection via linear and rotational Doppler effects, and modal approaches surpassing the resolution limit for improved profiling and quantification. The intricate structure of vortex light, combined with the integration of artificial intelligence into optical metrology, unlocks new paradigms for expanding measurement frameworks through additional degrees of freedom, offering the potential for more efficient and accurate sensing and metrological advancements. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances and future trends in optical metrology with structured light, specifically focusing on how utilizing vortex beams has revolutionized metrology and remote sensing, transitioning from classical to quantum approaches.
Light People: Prof. Henry Snaith’s (FRS) perovskite optoelectronics journey
Authors: Xia Ruidong , Hu Ying 
Published: January 2025

EditorialIn 2012, Prof. Henry Snaith demonstrated the first solid-state perovskite solar cell (PSC) with an efficiency of 10.9%, igniting a surge of interest and research into perovskite materials for their potential to revolutionize the photovoltaic (PV) industry. Over the past two decades, perovskite optoelectronics have made remarkable progress, with significant improvements in efficiency, stability, and commercial viability, which has transformed these materials from a scientific curiosity into a leading platform for a wide range of applications, particularly in PVs and light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Prof. Henry Snaith’s election as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) credits to his groundbreaking discovery of the use of perovskites in efficient solar cells. In addition to his academic role, Henry co-founded and served as the Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) of two spin-off companies, Oxford PV Ltd. and Helio Display Materials Ltd., which focus on commercializing metal halide perovskite PVs and light-emitting applications, respectively. His team has led the global R&D community in advancing the fundamental understanding and practical use of perovskites since 2012. On 5th September 2024, Oxford PV announced the world’s first commercial sale of next-generation perovskite tandem solar panels, which generate up to 20% more energy than a standard silicon panel. In an insightful conversation with Light: Science & Applications, Prof. Henry Snaith, a pioneer of metal halide perovskite optoelectronics, shared his story on how scientific curiosity, close observation to unexpected results, and serendipity led to the discovery of perovskite as a solid light absorber, as well as the key findings and breakthroughs to achieve the remarkable efficiency of PSCs. He highlighted the significant contribution of his team to the progress of PSC technology from its initial discovery to its current exciting commercialization status; this includes the development of tandem solar cells and the exploration of p-i-n configurations for better stability. Moreover, he expressed his views on the future of perovskite LEDs and environmental and safety concerns related to perovskite optoelectronics technology. The interviews further explored Henry’s journey from an undergraduate physics student to a renowned scientist. His career success is undoubtedly driven by his ambition for immediate real-world impact and his relentless pursuit of more efficient, low-cost, and sustainable energy solutions to address global environmental challenges. When asked about the potential for a Nobel Prize, Henry acknowledged that PSC technology could be worthy of such recognition, given its scientific advancements and significant contributions to addressing the global challenge of climate change. Looking ahead, Henry has expressed an interest in contributing to public policy, particularly in the areas of renewable energy and education reform, with an emphasis on the creation of an inclusive education system that better supports neurodiversity.
One-step smoothing splines instrumental regression
Authors: Beyhum Jad , Lapenta Elia , Lavergne Pascal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We extend nonparametric regression smoothing splines to a context where there is endogeneity and instrumental variables are available. Unlike popular existing estimators, the resulting estimator is one-step and relies on a unique regularization parameter. We derive rates of the convergence for the estimator and its first derivative, which are uniform in the support of the endogenous variable. We also address the issue of imposing monotonicity in estimation and extend the approach to a partly linear model. Simulations confirm the good performances of our estimator compared to two-step procedures. Our method yields economically sensible results when used to estimate Engel curves.
INTRODUCING A SERVICE DELIVERY MODEL TO OPTIMIZE HOME MODIFICATION OUTCOMES
Authors: Nabors Emily , Cameron Kathleen , Yan Mengzhao , Pynoos Jon , Trudeau Scott 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Home modification services have become more widely available in response to the aging population’s growing need for accessible home environments. Despite this growth, the home modification service delivery process is not well-defined, leading to services that do not adequately meet the needs of older adults. To address this gap, the Service Delivery Subcommittee of the National Home Safety and Home Modification Work Group, led by the National Council on Aging and funded by the Administration for Community Living, developed a Home Modification Service Delivery Model. Using an iterative, consensus building approach, this group of interdisciplinary practitioners and researchers developed a model to describe the ideal home modification service delivery process based on evidence and expert perspectives. The model outlines the value of working in a transdisciplinary team, describes key providers and professionals to involve on the team, and their respective roles in the home modification service delivery process (i.e., intake, assessment, completion of modifications, and follow-up). An understanding of the complexity of home modification and awareness of the types of providers that can and should be involved across all phases of home modification can increase the likelihood that consumers will receive the right services at the right time to adequately meet their current and future needs, regardless of their background and point of entry to the process. The Home Modification Service Delivery Model sets a critical foundation for future research and implementation efforts in the community. This session will review the model, describe the development process, and highlight next steps.
RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD AMENITY ENVIRONMENTS OF US OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Fisk Calley , Cha Hyungmin , Choi Eunyoung , Choi Yeon Jin , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Living in neighborhoods with diverse amenity environments, including a variety of facilities and services, may impact the health and well-being of older residents by providing increased access to essential services, fostering social networks, and building social capital within communities. Such environments, however, may not be uniformly experienced across racial/ethnic groups, potentially creating and reinforcing racial/ethnic disparities in aging-related outcomes. Our study provides rich descriptive information on the distribution of neighborhood amenities of U.S. adults ages 50 and older across and by different racial and ethnic groups. We link census tract-level data on amenities from the National Neighborhood Data Archive to population-level data from the Health and Retirement Study for the 2004-2016 data waves (N=26,194 respondents, 107,254 observations). Neighborhood amenity diversity was measured as a total amenity diversity score (range: 0-119), calculated by top-coding (at two) and summing counts of amenities across four categories: food (e.g., restaurants, grocery stores), retail (e.g., clothing, convenience stores), general services (e.g., banks, gyms), and civic services (e.g., senior facilities, community centers). On average, Black (mean=40.4, SE=0.80) and Hispanic (mean=43.2, SE=0.97) older adults lived in neighborhoods with significantly lower total amenity diversity scores compared to their White counterparts (mean=46.8, SE=0.49). In linear regression models, adjusting for clustering at the individual and tract levels and including demographic and socioeconomic variables, these differences remained significant for Black (b=-7.1, p&lt; 0.001), but not Hispanic (b=-2.0, p=0.062) older adults. Finally, supplementary analyses stratifying by urbanicity and examining racial/ethnic differences in category-specific amenities revealed similar patterns as the total amenity diversity score.
UNDERSTANDING THE MEANING OF HOME THROUGH A CO-DESIGNED VIRTUAL PHOTOVOICE STUDY
Authors: Weil Joyce , Iyer Gitanjali 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Co-designed photovoice is a way for older adults to express what a place means to them from their own point of view using images and narrative. The goal of this study is to understand the concept of “home” using photovoice through the lens of older adults living in Baltimore, Maryland. As part of this co-designed, IRB-approved study, 14 older adults were interviewed twice via Zoom, a video calling platform, about the meaning of home and their community or neighborhood. Participants shared and explained the meaning of 10 photographs regarding what home meant to them. In the second Zoom interview, participants explained the meaning behind each photo and why they selected them. After analyzing the transcripts and photos of each participant, some common themes were found highlighting the meaning of home for the participants. Themes were about symbolism and meaning of objects around their home, neighborhood accessibility and walkability, daily routines and practices, and how “home” had changed during the pandemic. The ways in which virtual co-designed photovoice were based on older adults’ reframing and designing the study will be discussed.
ATTITUDES TOWARD AGING AND SUBJECTIVE COGNITIVE COMPLAINTS: DOES DEPRESSION MODERATE THEIR RELATIONSHIP?
Authors: Colombowala Fatema , Bower Emily 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias and affects a significant portion of the population, with prevalence ranging from 12.3% to 57% of older adults. Although some people with SCD will later develop dementia, others will not, suggesting that factors other than objective cognitive ability impact subjective cognition. Attitudes towards aging (ATA) may influence how individuals interpret age-related cognitive changes, potentially leading to heightened subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) among those who hold more negative attitudes toward aging. We investigated the relationship between ATA and SCC in a sample of older adults with SCD. We hypothesized negative attitudes would be associated with more SCC. Additionally, we examined if depression moderated the relationship between ATA and SCC, predicting that more severe depression would strengthen the relationship. There is a scarcity of studies that directly compare the strength of association between SCC and various outcomes such as depression and ATA. Preliminary analyses included 51 participants, predominantly female (72.5%), with an average age of 72 (SD = 8.5) who had SCD. They completed validated measures of SCC, aging attitudes (ATA), and depression as part of a larger study. Hypotheses were tested using linear regression models. We found more negative attitudes on the ATA psychosocial loss subscale were associated with higher SCC (B = 26.50, p =.007). Additionally, a diagnosis of depression moderated the relationship by strengthening it (B = 35.80, p =.0096). Findings suggest intervening to reduce depression and negative ATA could reduce SCC burden.
NUMBER AND REACH OF INTERVENTIONS IN BEST PROGRAMS FOR CAREGIVING
Authors: Bass David , Fete Zoe , Huth Megan , Cannon Rachel , Minyo Morgan , Powers Sara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A major advance in Gerontology is the development of numerous evidence-based support programs for dementia family and friend caregivers. However, a common untested assumption is that these proven programs are not widely available to caregivers. Data collected for the new version of Best Programs for Caregiving (BPC) for family and friend caregivers afforded an opportunity to carefully document the scaling and reach of the 47 evidence-based programs in BPC. The first phase of this research surveyed program-developers to identify all healthcare and community organizations delivering their programs in 2022/2023. 600 service organizations were identified as offering a BPC program (nearly twice the number identified in 2019). The second phase of research surveyed the 600 delivery organizations to verify that programs were being delivered and to collect related data, such as geographic areas served. 252 (42%) of the 600 organizations were verified as delivering a BPC program. The geographic areas served ranged from a single city or county to the entire U.S. Notably, 25 organizations served caregivers nationally via remote program delivery. Reasons the 348 (58%) delivery organizations that were identified by developers, but not verified as delivering programs, included: stopped the program because of funding or staffing challenges, never delivered the program, or could not be reached. Results suggest more programs are available and have a wider reach to caregivers than expected, but the distribution of programs could be improved, if developers had more capacity or assistance with marketing, tracking, and monitoring program implementations.
DESIGN, EVALUATION, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRISM SOFTWARE SYSTEM: A SOFTWARE SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Czaja Sara , Wahl Hans-Werner , Charness Neil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The PRISM system is an integrated software system designed, using a user-centered design approach, to foster social connectivity, cognitive engagement, and resource access among aging adults. Versions of PRISM have been evaluated in diverse contexts and geographic regions, and with diverse populations. This session will discuss how PRISM has been adapted, and present data on the impact of the use of PRISM across diverse contexts, on outcomes related to technology acceptance and proficiency, social isolation and loneliness, and quality of life. Walter R. Boot will discuss the evolution of PRISM and highlight how the findings from the PRISM 1.0 trial led to the development of PRISM 2.0 and PRISM CI for aging adults with a cognitive impairment. He will also discuss how PRISM was adapted for implementation in Germany. Sara J. Czaja will present the primary outcomes from the PRISM 2.0 trial, which evaluated a refined version of PRISM with older adults in diverse settings (rural locations, senior housing, assisted living facilities). She will focus on outcomes related to loneliness, social isolation, and quality of life. Wendy A. Rogers will focus on the acceptability and usability of PRISM. She will present data from the PRISM 1.0 and PRISM 2.0 trials and highlight findings regarding acceptability according to context of implementation. Nicole Memmer will address long-term usage of PRISM Germany. She will discuss differential patterns and preferences of use in relation to gender, technology generation, and technology skills and attitudes. N. Charness will serve as a discussant for the session.