bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broad distribution of spider-shaped lebensspuren along the Australian continental margin
Authors: Przeslawski Rachel 
Published: December 2022

During feeding and burrowing, many epibenthic and infaunal animals bioturbate sediments and form a range of traces called lebensspuren (German for ‘life traces’), defined as any type of sedimentary structure produced by a living organism. During a 2020 survey along western Australia in the Gascoyne Marine Park, a distinct trace was observed several times, identical to the ‘spider trace’ observed in a 2007 survey along eastern Australia, over 4000 km away. The purpose of this brief note is to document and describe the occurrence of this unique and distinctive type of lebensspuren and to discuss ways in which similar observations may be effectively shared to increase our understanding of deep-sea biology.
Review of the VO2 smart material applications with emphasis on its use for spacecraft thermal control
Authors: Haddad Emile , Kruzelecky Roman V. , Murzionak Piotr , Jamroz Wes , Tagziria Kamel , Chaker Mohamed , Ledrogoff Boris 
Published: December 2022

It is surprising to see the wide range and versatile potential of applications of the VO2, due to its transition from a semiconductor phase at low temperature, to a metallic state at high temperature. Although this transition’s atomic mechanism is not yet well understood, the tuneability is very reproducible experimentally and can be monitored by various triggering schemes, not only by heating/cooling but also by applying a voltage, pressure, or high power single fast photonic pulse. Many of the recent applications use not only the low-temperature phase and the high-temperature phase, but also the transition slope to monitor a specific parameter. The paper starts with a summary of the VO2 thin film deposition methods and a table presenting its recent proposed applications, some of which our team had worked on. Then the development characterization and application of the VO2 as a smart thermal radiator is provided along with the recent progress. The experimental results of the emissivity were measured at low temperature and high temperature, as well as during the transition in vacuum based on the thermal power balance. These measurements were compared with those deduced from an average of Infrared Reflectance (2–30 µm) weighed with the blackbody reflection spectrum. The roadmap is to try alternatives of the multilayers in order to increase the emissivity tuneability, increase the device dimensions, have an easier application on space surfaces, while lowering cost.
The gut microbiome in human health and disease—Where are we and where are we going? A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Huang Zhiqiang , Liu Kun , Ma Wenwen , Li Dezhi , Mo Tianlu , Liu Qing 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere are trillions of microbiota in our intestinal tract, and they play a significant role in health and disease via interacting with the host in metabolic, immune, neural, and endocrine pathways. Over the past decades, numerous studies have been published in the field of gut microbiome and disease. Although there are narrative reviews of gut microbiome and certain diseases, the whole field is lack of systematic and quantitative analysis. Therefore, we outline research status of the gut microbiome and disease, and present insights into developments and characteristics of this field to provide a holistic grasp and future research directions.MethodsAn advanced search was carried out in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), basing on the term “gut microbiome” and its synonyms. The current status and developing trends of this scientific domain were evaluated by bibliometric methodology. CiteSpace was used to perform collaboration network analysis, co-citation analysis and citation burst detection.ResultsA total of 29,870 articles and 13,311 reviews were retrieved from the database, which involve 42,900 keywords, 176 countries/regions, 19,065 institutions, 147,225 authors and 4,251 journals. The gut microbiome and disease research is active and has received increasing attention. Co-cited reference analysis revealed the landmark articles in the field. The United States had the largest number of publications and close cooperation with other countries. The current research mainly focuses on gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), while extra-intestinal diseases are also rising, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease. Omics technologies, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and metabolites linked to mechanism would be more concerned in the future.ConclusionThe gut microbiome and disease has been a booming field of research, and the trend is expected to continue. Overall, this research field shows a multitude of challenges and great opportunities.
Metagenomic insights into the characteristics of soil microbial communities in the decomposing biomass of Moso bamboo forests under different management practices
Authors: Zhang Xiaoping , Huang Zhiyuan , Zhong Zheke , Li Qiaoling , Bian Fangyuan , Yang Chuanbao 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionConsidering the rapid growth and high biomass productivity, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) has high carbon (C) sequestration potential, and different management practices can strongly modify its C pools. Soil microorganisms play an important role in C turnover through dead plant and microbial biomass degradation. To date, little is known about how different management practices affect microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and their responses to dead biomass degradation.MethodsBased on metagenomics analysis, this study analyzed CAZymes in three comparable stands from each Moso bamboo plantation: undisturbed (M0), extensively managed (M1), and intensively managed (M2).ResultsThe results showed that the number of CAZymes encoding plant-derived component degradation was higher than that encoding microbe-derived component degradation. Compared with the M0, the CAZyme families encoding plant-derived cellulose were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) high in M2 and significantly (p &lt; 0.05) low in M1. For microbe-derived components, the abundance of CAZymes involved in the bacterial-derived peptidoglycan was higher than that in fungal-derived components (chitin and glucans). Furthermore, M2 significantly increased the fungal-derived chitin and bacterial-derived peptidoglycan compared to M0, whereas M1 significantly decreased the fungal-derived glucans and significantly increased the bacterial-derived peptidoglycan. Four bacterial phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi) mainly contributed to the degradation of C sources from the plant and microbial biomass. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and mantel test suggested the abundance of CAZyme encoding genes for plant and microbial biomass degradation are significantly correlated with soil pH, total P, and available K. Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) showed that management practices indirectly affect the CAZyme encoding genes associated with plant and microbial biomass degradation by regulating the soil pH and nutrients (total N and P), respectively.DiscussionOur study established that M2 and M1 impact dead biomass decomposition and C turnover, contributing to decreased C accumulation and establishing that the bacterial community plays the main role in C turnover in bamboo plantations.
Photovoltaic panels have altered grassland plant biodiversity and soil microbial diversity
Authors: Bai Zhenyin , Jia Aomei , Bai Zhenjian , Qu Shanmin , Zhang Meng , Kong Linghang , Sun Renhao , Wang Mingjun 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionHuman concerns about fossil fuel depletion, energy security and environmental degradation have driven the rapid development of solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation. Most of the photovoltaic power generation plants are concentrated in desert, grassland and arable land, which means the change of land use type. However, there is still a gap in the research of the PV panel layout on grassland plant species diversity and ecological function.MethodsIn this study, Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the effects of PV panel arrangement on grassland plant species diversity and soil microbial diversity. In view of the differences in the microclimate at different sites of the PV panels, quadrates were arranged in front edge (FE), beneath the center of each panel (BP), back edge (BE), the uncovered interspace adjacent to each panel (IS) and the undisturbed grassland around the PV panels (Control), respectively.ResultsPV panels (especially FE) significantly increased the total aboveground productivity (total AGB) and plant species diversity in grasslands. FE increased precipitation accumulation and plant species diversity directly and indirectly changed the diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities. PV panels decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, while increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Methylomirabilota. EC, Margalef’ s richness and total AGB were the main factors affecting the composition of bacterial communities, while alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) were the main factors affecting the composition of fungal communities.DiscussionIn conclusion, the arrangement of PV panels increased the plant species diversity and soil microorganisms in grassland. This study provides important information for further understanding the impact of PV panels on grassland ecosystem function and is of great significance for maintaining grassland ecosystem function.
A panel of blood-derived miRNAs with a stable expression pattern as a potential pan-cancer detection signature
Authors: Sabbaghian Amir , Mussack Veronika , Kirchner Benedikt , Bui Maria L. U. , Kalani Mohammad Reza , Pfaffl Michael W. , Golalipour Masoud 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: MicroRNAs have a significant role in the regulation of the transcriptome. Several miRNAs have been proposed as potential biomarkers in different malignancies. However, contradictory results have been reported on the capability of miRNA biomarkers in cancer detection. The human biological clock involves molecular mechanisms that regulate several genes over time. Therefore, the sampling time becomes one of the significant factors in gene expression studies.Method: In the present study, we have tried to find miRNAs with minimum fluctuation in expression levels at different time points that could be more accurate candidates as diagnostic biomarkers. The small RNA-seq raw data of ten healthy individuals across nine-time points were analyzed to identify miRNAs with stable expression.Results: We have found five oscillation patterns. The stable miRNAs were investigated in 779 small-RNA-seq datasets of eleven cancer types. All miRNAs with the highest differential expression were selected for further analysis. The selected miRNAs were explored for functional pathways. The predominantly enriched pathways were miRNA in cancer and the P53-signaling pathway. Finally, we have found seven miRNAs, including miR-142-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-223-5p, let-7d-5p, miR-148b-3p, miR-340-5p, and miR-421. These miRNAs showed minimum fluctuation in healthy blood and were dysregulated in the blood of eleven cancer types. Conclusion: We have found a signature of seven stable miRNAs which dysregulate in several cancer types and may serve as potential pan-cancer biomarkers.
Identification of an immune-related gene prognostic index for predicting prognosis, immunotherapeutic efficacy, and candidate drugs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Wei Caihui , Zhu Yu , Li Shu , Chen Wenzhi , Li Cheng , Jiang Shishi , Xu Renshi 
Published: December 2022

Rationale and objectivesConsidering the great insufficiency in the survival prediction and therapy of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), it is fundamental to determine an accurate survival prediction for both the clinical practices and the design of treatment trials. Therefore, there is a need for more accurate biomarkers that can be used to identify the subtype of ALS which carries a high risk of progression to guide further treatment.MethodsThe transcriptome profiles and clinical parameters of a total of 561 ALS patients in this study were analyzed retrospectively by analysis of four public microarray datasets. Based on the results from a series of analyses using bioinformatics and machine learning, immune signatures are able to be used to predict overall survival (OS) and immunotherapeutic response in ALS patients. Apart from other comprehensive analyses, the decision tree and the nomogram, based on the immune signatures, were applied to guide individual risk stratification. In addition, molecular docking methodology was employed to screen potential small molecular to which the immune signatures might response.ResultsImmune was determined as a major risk factor contributing to OS among various biomarkers of ALS patients. As compared with traditional clinical features, the immune-related gene prognostic index (IRGPI) had a significantly higher capacity for survival prediction. The determination of risk stratification and assessment was optimized by integrating the decision tree and the nomogram. Moreover, the IRGPI may be used to guide preventative immunotherapy for patients at high risks for mortality. The administration of 2MIU IL2 injection in the short-term was likely to be beneficial for the prolongment of survival time, whose dosage should be reduced to 1MIU if the long-term therapy was required. Besides, a useful clinical application for the IRGPI was to screen potential compounds by the structure-based molecular docking methodology.ConclusionUltimately, the immune-derived signatures in ALS patients were favorable biomarkers for the prediction of survival probabilities and immunotherapeutic responses, and the promotion of drug development.
Association between otolin-1 and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Xiaoxia , Han Kun , Zhou Min , Wu Yunqin 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere is increasing research on the potential of inner ear proteins as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of various inner ear diseases. Among them, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vestibular disease. Notably, otolin-1, an inner ear-specific protein, is detectable in the serum of most patients with BPPV patients. Therefore, we found a need to conduct this meta-analysis to determine the relationship between otolin-1 in serum and BPPV.MethodsThis meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and China Network Knowledge Infrastructure databases for the eligible original studies in Chinese or English published between January 2010 and February 2022. Data were collected and pooled by using the mean differences (MDs) corresponding to 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity among these studies was assessed by using I2 statistics and the adopted fixed or random-effect mode thereafter. Egger's and Begg's tests were also used to assess the publication bias.ResultsThis meta-analysis included six articles with a total of 585 participants. Serum otolin-1 levels were remarkably increased in patients with BPPV as compared to that in healthy controls (MD: 165.38, 95% CI: 110.13–220.64, p &lt; 0.00001). However, Egger's and Begg's tests have indicated no publication bias, and the results were reliable based on the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionThis meta-analysis indicated that there is a higher serum level of otolin-1 in patients with BPPV than in healthy controls. Therefore, otolin-1 may serve as a biomarker for the onset of BPPV.
Prefrontal brain function in patients with chronic insomnia disorder: A pilot functional near-infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Gong Haiyan , Sun Hui , Ma Yeyang , Tan Yaling , Cui Minglong , Luo Ming , Chen Yuhui 
Published: December 2022

PurposeInsomnia is one of the most common diseases in elderly patients, which seriously affect the quality of life and psychological state of patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the functional network pattern of the prefrontal cortex in patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) after taking drugs, using non-invasive and low-cost functional neuroimaging with multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).MethodsAll subjects were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and fNIRS. The fNIRS assessment consists of two parts: the verbal fluency test (VFT) task state and the resting state, which assessed the differences in prefrontal activation and functional connectivity, respectively.ResultsA total of 30 patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID) and 15 healthy peers completed the study. During the VFT task, a significantly lower PFC activation was observed in patients with insomnia compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05). However, the PFC activation in patients taking medication was higher than in patients who did not receive medication. Functional connectivity analysis showed a weaker mean PFC channel connectivity strength in patients with CID who did not receive drug treatment. Drug treatment resulted in enhanced functional connectivity of the prefrontal lobe, especially the DLPFC and frontal poles.ConclusionA weak prefrontal cortex response was detected in patients with CID when performing the VFT task, which could be enhanced by taking hypnotics. The weakened right prefrontal lobe network may play a role in the development of CID. fNIRS may serve as a potential tool to assess sleep status and guide drug therapy.
Predicting postural control adaptation measuring EEG, EMG, and center of pressure changes: BioVRSea paradigm
Authors: Stehle Simon A. , Aubonnet Romain , Hassan Mahmoud , Recenti Marco , Jacob Deborah , Petersen Hannes , Gargiulo Paolo 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Postural control is a sensorimotor mechanism that can reveal neurophysiological disorder. The present work studies the quantitative response to a complex postural control task.Methods: We measure electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), and center of pressure (CoP) signals during a virtual reality (VR) experience called BioVRSea with the aim of classifying different postural control responses. The BioVRSea paradigm is based on six different phases where motion and visual stimulation are modulated throughout the experiment, inducing subjects to a different adaptive postural control strategy. The goal of the study is to assess the predictability of those responses. During the experiment, brain activity was recorded from a 64-channel EEG, muscle activity was determined with six wireless EMG sensors placed on lower leg muscles, and individual movement measured by the CoP. One-hundred and seventy-two healthy individuals underwent the BioVRSea paradigm and 318 features were extracted from each phase of the experiment. Machine learning techniques were employed to: (1) classify the phases of the experiment; (2) assess the most notable features; and (3) identify a quantitative pattern for healthy responses.Results: The results show that the EEG features are not sufficient to predict the distinct phases of the experiment, but they can distinguish visual and motion onset stimulation. EMG features and CoP features, when used jointly, can predict five out of six phases with a mean accuracy of 74.4% (±8%) and an AUC of 0.92. The most important feature to identify the different adaptive strategies is the Squared Root Mean Distance of points on Medio-Lateral axis (RDIST_ML).Discussion: This work shows the importance and the feasibility of a quantitative evaluation in a complex postural control task and demonstrates the potential of EEG, CoP, and EMG for assessing pathological conditions. These predictive systems pave the way for developing an objective assessment of pathological behavior PC responses. This will be a first step in identifying individual disorders and treatment options.
Isorhynchophylline ameliorates stress-induced emotional disorder and cognitive impairment with modulation of NMDA receptors
Authors: Wang Chen , Zhu Ming-Hao , Sun Na , Shen Wei , Jiang Ning , Zhao Qin-Shi , Zhang Yong-Xiang , Huang Yan , Zhou Wen-Xia 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionIsorhynchophylline is one of the main active ingredients fromUncaria rhynchophylla, the effects and mechanisms of isorhynchophylline on stress-induced emotional disorders and cognitive impairment remain unclear.MethodsLong-term potentiation (LTP)in vivowas used for synaptic plasticity evaluation; chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model was used to evaluate the effect of isorhynchophylline on stress induced emotional disorders and cognitive impairment; sucrose preference test (SPT), open field test (OFT), and elevated plus maze (EPM) were used to evaluate emotional disorders; morris water maze (MWM) test was used to evaluate cognitive impairment; Western blotting (WB) was used to the expression of proteins; high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify neurotransmitters; Nissl staining was used to identify pathological changes induced by stress.ResultsIn this study, we found that isorhynchophylline improved corticosterone-inducedin vivoLTP impairment significantly, indicating positive effects on stress. Therefore, 28-day CUMS model was adopted to evaluate the anti-stress effects of isorhynchophylline. The results showed that isorhynchophylline improved CUMS-induced weight loss, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and spatial memory impairment. Isorhynchophylline reduced CUMS-induced corticosterone elevation. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors play an important role in the process of emotion and memory. Glutamate and the expression of GluN2B increased in the CUMS mice, while D-serine and the expression of serine racemase (SR) decreased significantly, and isorhynchophylline restored these changes to normal level.ConclusionThese results indicated that isorhynchophylline ameliorated stress-induced emotional disorders and cognitive impairment, modulating NMDA receptors might be one of the underlying mechanisms.