bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation genomics and species distribution models motivate proactive and collaborative conservation in an era of rapid change
Authors: Sagatelova Maria , Rodriguez-Pena Rosa A. , Rodhouse Thomas J. , Lonneker Jeffrey , Sherrill Kirk R. , Wolfe Andrea D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Small, fragmented plant populations with low genetic diversity are susceptible to deterministic and stochastic events that can affect long-term persistence of species. Penstemon lemhiensis Keck (Plantaginaceae) is a rare endemic with small, scattered populations across Idaho and Montana threatened by cumulative impacts of biological invasion, drought, and altered fire regimes. When contextualized by an understanding of range-wide distributions under different environmental change scenarios, conservation genetics can be leveraged to motivate proactive conservation action among collaborating stakeholder groups. We applied a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach across eight populations and 93 individuals of P. lemhiensis. Genetic differentiation among populations followed an isolation-by-distance pattern and ranged from low to moderate (FST = 0.095–0.280). Values of inbreeding were low, and often negative (FIS = -0.039-0.032), indicating outbreeding within populations. Population structure analyses identified six ancestral populations and admixture across all individuals. We contextualized these findings by fitting bioclimatic niche models to past, present, and future climate regime scenarios. Habitat connectivity peaked mid-Holocene and nearly disappeared in the future scenario. Genetic analyses and species distribution models indicated that the species may experience drastic range contraction and accelerated isolation and inbreeding in future. We identified a core area in the Upper Big Hole Valley, Montana most likely to persist as suitable habitat. The National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, and US Forest Service were identified as key stakeholders in that valley. We outline a proactive collaborative conservation strategy that aim to maintain wild P. lemhiensis populations.
Accumulation of arsenic and other metals in soil and human consumable foods of Meherpur district, southwestern Bangladesh and associated health risk assessment
Authors: Rahman Md. Shazzadur , Reza A.H.M. Selim , Siddique Md. Abu Bakar , Akbor Md. Ahedul , Hasan Mehedi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Groundwater contaminated with arsenic is a significant environmental health concern worldwide because of the potential health risk due to ingestion of agricultural products produced to irrigate arsenic-contaminated water. Besides arsenic, heavy metals like Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, and Ni pollution in agricultural soil and foods worldwide has increased in short order. Metals are indefatigable environmental pollutants that cause adverse effects on human health and the main entrance of those toxic metals in the human body through drinking or consuming contaminated foods and water. In this research, we have determined arsenic and other metals concentration in soil and food samples associated with health risk with possible multivariate statistical approaches like principal component and cluster analysis to identify the probable origin. The outcome of soil pollution measurement indices like contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, and enrichment factor revealed that the soil sample is strongly contaminated by arsenic, which is considered an anthropogenic activity. Two rice grains (R-1, R-3) and drumstick (Sajna) exceed the Indian standard of arsenic concentration (As- 1.1 mg/kg) in food. Compared with WHO, all the samples exceeded the WHO limit except Red amaranth in Cu and Pb, Guava in Cr, Cd, and Pb, and Drumsticks in Cu and Cd for food samples. Arsenic and Cd show the highest transfer factor in the soil to food sample. The high value of bioaccumulation index and translocation coefficient indicate that metals absorb in plant tissue both from soil and supplied contaminated water. In the case of daily ingestion of metals, all highly toxic metals like As, Ni, and Pb represent high concentrations and exceed the daily ingestion limit (As- 3µg kg-1day-1, Ni- 1.3µg kg-1day-1, and Pb- 3.57 µg kg-1day-1) developed by FAO/WHO and EFSA. From the potential hazard quotient, values of As and Pb indicate that residents are at high health risk. The results of carcinogenic risk for harmful metals indicate that for rice grain, the values of As, Pb, and Cd are greater than 10 − 6, which suggest that the inhabitant of the investigated area are at very high carcinogenic risk according to USEPA.
Multi-port real-time observation for ultrafast intracavitary evolution dynamics
Authors: Du Yufan , liao Chen , Lei Zihui , Zhang Chi , Zhao Luming , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recent advance of real-time spectral measurements offers a promising route for revealing the underlying mechanisms of transient phenomena, and successfully provides direct experimental evidence for soliton-related theoretical predictions. However, as current real-time spectrum measurement focuses on the single-port observation of laser, the continuous evolution intracavitary process with short duration cannot be fully and truly characterized. To alleviate this restriction, we present a new conceptual approach for the intracavitary process, where spectra from multi-ports of a mode-locked fiber laser are collected in time division multiplexed sequence to realize synchronous real-time observation. The sinusoidal evolution of spectral beating process caused by the non-equilibrium state between intracavitary nonlinear devices is clearly observed and matched well with the simulation. Furthermore, the intracavitary evolutions of Kelly sidebands and peaks induced by self-phase modulation are obvious asynchronous with the soliton. This work may open up possibilities for real-time observation of various intracavitary nonlinear dynamics in photonic systems.
Detecting inappropriate total duration of antimicrobial therapy using semi-automated surveillance
Authors: Broek Annemieke K. , Court Jara R. , Groot Thomas , Hest Reinier M. , Visser Caroline E. , Sigaloff Kim C.E. , Schade Rogier P. , Prins Jan M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Evaluation of the appropriateness of the duration of antimicrobial treatment is a cornerstone of antibiotic stewardship programs, but it is time-consuming. Furthermore, it is often restricted to antibiotics prescribed during hospital admission. This study aimed to determine whether mandatory prescription-indication registration enables reliable semi-automated assessment of the duration of antibiotic therapy, including post-discharge duration.
Methods
Antibiotic prescription and admission data, from 1-6-2020 to 31-12-2021, were electronically extracted from the Electronic Medical Record of two hospitals using mandatory indication registration. All consecutively prescribed antibiotics of adult patients who received empiric therapy in the first 24 hours of admission were merged to calculate the total length of therapy (LOT) per patient, broken down per registered indication. Endpoints were the accuracy of the data, evaluated by comparing the extracted LOT and registered indication with the clinical notes in 400 randomly selected records, and guideline adherence of treatment duration. Data were analysed using a reproducible syntax, allowing semi-automated surveillance .
Results
A total of 3,466 antibiotic courses were analysed. LOT was accurately retrieved in 96% of the 400 evaluated antibiotic courses. The registered indication did not match chart review in 17% of antibiotic courses, of which only half affected the assessment of guideline adherence. On average, in 44% of patients treatment was continued post-discharge, accounting for 60% (± 19%) of their total LOT. Guideline adherence ranged from 26 to 75% across indications.
Conclusions
Mandatory prescription-indication registration data can be used to reliably assess total treatment course duration, including post-discharge antibiotic duration, allowing semi-automated surveillance.
Estimation of soil erosion in the Balason River Basin using RUSLE modelling of the Darjeeling Himalayan region, India
Authors: ROY DIPESH , MITRA RAJIB 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Globally soil erosion is a frequent concern for the environment, which has an adverse effect on the agricultural outputs as well as the economy. The physical set-up and the development of different land-use practices across the watershed with time have a greater effect on soil degradation. The study has been conducted with employing the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) modelling in the Balason River Basin (BRB) (basin area: 367.42 km2) of the Darjeeling Himalayan region to predict the actual or predicted and potential soil loss with the incorporation of remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques. The input factors were the rainfall erosivity (R factor), soil erodibility (K factor), slope length and steepness (LS factor), cover and management (c factor), and support practice (P factor). The study depicted the region into five predicted and potential in both soil erosion-wise categorized. The outcome of the work reflects that the actual soil loss in the BRB ranges from 0 to 1054.41 t ha− 1 year− 1, while the potential soil loss varies from 0 to 6125.56 t ha− 1 year− 1. In the study area, the central and northernmost portions are in the extremely very high potential soil loss zone, while the lower course of this watershed is in the low anticipated soil loss zone. It also proposed scientific soil conservation practices, which are mainly required for the areas with high soil erosion rate. The study will be immensely beneficial in identifying areas of high soil erosion risk, where the government must speed effective preservation procedures.
Structural and developmental dynamics of Matrix Associated Regions in Drosophila melanogaster genome
Authors: Sureka Rahul , Avvaru Akshay Kumar , Sowpati Divya Tej , Pathak Rashmi Upadhyay , Mishra Rakesh Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundEukaryotic genome is compartmentalized into structural and functional domains. One of the concepts of higher order organization of chromatin posits that the DNA is organized in constrained loops that behave as independent functional domains. Nuclear Matrix (NuMat), a ribo-proteinaceous nucleoskeleton, provides the structural basis for this organization. DNA sequences located at base of the loops are known as the Matrix Attachment Regions (MARs). NuMat relates to multiple nuclear processes and is partly cell type specific in composition. It is a biochemically defined structure and several protocols have been used to isolate the NuMat where some of the steps have been critically evaluated. These sequences play an important role in genomic organization it is imperative to know their dynamics during development and differentiation. ResultsHere we look into the dynamics of MARs when the preparation process is varied and during embryonic development of D. melanogaster. A subset of MARs termed as “Core-MARs” present abundantly in pericentromeric heterochromatin, are constant unalterable anchor points as they associate with NuMat through embryonic development and are independent of the isolation procedure. Euchromatic MARs are dynamic and reflect the transcriptomic profile of the cell. New MARs are generated by nuclear stabilization, and during development, mostly at paused RNA polymerase II promoters. Paused Pol II MARs depend on RNA transcripts for NuMat association. ConclusionsOur data reveals the role of MARs in functionally dynamic nucleus and contributes to the current understanding of nuclear architecture in genomic context.
Impact of bariatric surgery on cardiac function, 10-year and lifetime arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with obesity: a retrospective study in Chinese population
Authors: Wang Qianyun , Yang Wah , Chen Yuan , Liu Junqing , Zhou Chaofan , Dong Zhiyong , Wang Cunchuan , Guo Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Obesity contributes to cardiac dysfunction and has an impact on arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) may not only influence cardiac function, but also ASCVD risk. Very few studies considered the Chinese population. The primary objective was to examine the effect of surgical weight reduction on cardiac function and structure in Chinese subjects with obesity. The secondary objectives was to evaluate the impact of BS on ASCVD risk, employing the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equation.
Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis of 143 patients with obesity were included in the analysis. According to the follow-up time, the enrolled patients were divided into three groups: < 12 months were defined as T1 group (n = 52); 12–24 months was defined as T2 group (n = 53); > 24 months was defined as T3 group (n = 38). The effects of BS on the cardiac function were evaluated by analyzing the echocardiographic parameters. The China-PAR equation was used to calculate ASCVD risk. Assessed the differences in variables before and after surgery. Linear regression analyses were used to find potential determinants associated with an LV function and geometry change.
Results
After BS, body mass index decreased (39.7 ± 8.0 kg/m2 to 28.4 ± 6.4 kg/m2, P < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased (152.0 ± 19.9 mmHg to 116.5 ± 13.6 mmHg, P < 0.001, and 94.1 ± 12.6 mmHg to 76.8 ± 12.2 mmHg, P < 0.001, respectively). Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) decreased (43.7 ± 16.4 g/m2.7 to 37.8 ± 13.4 g/m2.7, P < 0.001). The change in LVMI was correlated with the change in BMI (R2 = 0.14, P < 0.001). 10-year and lifetime ASCVD risk decreased [3.7% (1.0-11.2) to 0.2% (0.1–0.8), P < 0.001, and 44.2% (34.5–56.9) to 10.7% (9.0-13.7), P < 0.001, respectively].
The pressure field as a methodology for fluid management and red cell preservation during cardiac surgery
Authors: Woodford Stephen F , Butlin Mark , Wei Bai , Chao Wei , Avolio Alberto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Anemia and red cell transfusion contribute to morbidity and mortality of surgery. The concept of patient blood management to mitigate preoperative anemia, optimize coagulation, conserve red cells intraoperatively and accept lower post-operative transfusion thresholds has recently gained widespread acceptance across a range of surgical disciplines. Fluid administration is likely to contribute significantly to perioperative anemia and red-cell transfusion requirements, yet a robust basis for managing fluid administration in this context has not been articulated. There is an urgent need for this. Methods:We developed ‘the pressure field method’ as a novel approach to guiding the administration of fluid and drugs to optimize tissue perfusion. The pressure field method was used for the intraoperative management of 67 patients undergoing semi-elective cardiac surgery. We retrospectively compared intraoperative anemia and transfusion requirements in this cohort with a conventional group of 413 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Results:In the pressure field group, no patients required transfusion whereas in the conventional group, 16% required transfusion during bypass with an average of 2.4 units of packed red cells (P < 0.0001). The average decrease in hemoglobin in the pressure field group was only 13 g/L, whereas in the conventional group it was 52 g/L (P < 0.0001). 80% of the pressure field group received no intravenous fluid during cardiac surgery, and the average intraoperative fluid load was 160 mL.Conclusion:The pressure field method appears to significantly reduce transfusion requirements due to decreased intraoperative fluid loading.
Distal aortic replacement followed by endovascular repair for the management of severe intra-pleural adhesions accidentally detected during open surgery for chronic type B aortic dissection: A report of two cases
Authors: Daimon Masahiro , Shimada Ryo , Motohashi Yoshikazu , Uchida Hiroaki , Ozawa Hideki , Katsumata Takahiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOpen repair is the most promising curative treatment option for patients with chronic type B aortic dissection. However, based on our experience, following the accidental detection of intra-pleural adhesions during open surgery for chronic type B aortic dissection, complete replacement of the diseased aorta cannot be accomplished. To overcome this problem, we switched the procedure to create a distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair by replacing the distal aorta with a vascular graft. Case presentationWe report two cases in which open repair was attempted; however, the proximal descending thoracic aorta could not be exposed due to the presence of severe adhesion in the pleural cavity. In these patients, we accessed the lower descending thoracic aorta or thoracoabdominal aorta and created a distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair by replacing the aorta with a vascular graft. Thereafter, endovascular repair was performed with good outcomes.ConclusionsReplacement of the distal aorta, which is typically easy to access despite the presence of intra-pleural adhesions, with a vascular graft serves as a reliable distal landing zone for subsequent endovascular repair. This method may be a viable option for the management of severe adhesions accidentally detected in the pleural cavity during open repair for chronic type B aortic dissection.
The validation of the Arabic Version of the Resilience Scale 14 (RS-14)
Authors: Honein-AbouHaidar Gladys , Bou-Hamad Imad , Dhaini Suzanne , Davidson Patricia , Reynolds Nancy R , Zaru Ibtisam Al , Gharaibeh Muntaha , Dumit Nuhad Y 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background/Objectives:
Nurses in Lebanon are facing multiple crises and the severity of the situation calls for an empirical examination of their resilience status. Evidence indicates that resilience can buffer the negative effect of workplace stressors on nurses and is associated with favorable patient outcomes. The objective of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Arabic Resilience Scale-14 that was utilized to measure resilience among Lebanese nurses,
Methods
Data was collected from nurses working in health care centers using a cross-sectional survey design. We estimated the confirmatory factor analysis using the Diagonally Weighted least Squares. Fit indices for the confirmatory factor analysis model included Model chi-square, root-mean squared error of approximation and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results
1,488 nurses were included in the analysis. The squared multiple correlations values ranged from 0.60 to 0.97 thus supporting the construct validity of the originally hypothesized five factor model (self-reliance, purpose, equanimity, perseverance, and authenticity).
Conclusions
The Arabic version of the Resilience Scale 14 tool is considered a valid tool for measuring resilience in any situation involving Arabic speaking nurses.
Biosynthesis and Detection of Domoic Acid from Diatom Pseudo-nitzschia:
A Review
Authors: Liu Hong-chang , Nie Zhen-yuan , Long Xiao-ping , Bouroubi Nour EI Houda , Cao Si-ting , Chen Yu-xin , Zheng Xing-fu , Xia Jin-lan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The domoic acid (DA) produced by certain species of the marine pennate diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia is highly neurotoxic and can induce nerve excitability and neurotoxicity by binding with ionotropic glutamate receptors, causing amnesic shellfish poisoning in humans who consume seafood contaminated with DA. In recent years, poisoning to humans caused by DA has occurred around the world, which has attracted increasing attention, and studies on DA production by Pseudo-nitzschia have become the hotpot. This article reviews the progress on the biosynthesis of DA by the typical diatom Pseudo-nitzschia, in which the metabolic pathway of the biosynthesis of DA and its precursors, i.e., geranyl pyrophosphate and L-glutamate, and the various environmental factors affecting DA production including temperature, light intensity, nutrients, trace metals, and alien bacteria are discussed. The detection methods of DA (including bioassays, enzyme linked immunosorbent assays, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and biosensors), as well as the morphology and toxigenicity of Pseudo-nitzschia are also presented.
Cellular Therapeutics for Chronic Wound Healing: Future for Regenerative
Medicine
Authors: Kumar Arun , Sharma Preety , Dey Asmita Deka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Chronic wounds are associated with significant morbidity and mortality which demands long-term effective treatment and represents a tremendous financial strain on the global healthcare systems. Regenerative medicines using stem cells have recently become apparent as a promising approach and are an active zone of investigations they hold the potential to differentiate into specific types of cells and thus possess self-renewable, regenerative, and immune-modulatory effects. Furthermore, with the rise of technology various cell therapies and cell types such as Bone Marrow and Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Cell (ADMSC), Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs), Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs), Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs), and Pluripotent Stem Cells (PSCs) are studied for their therapeutic impact on reparative processes and tissue regeneration. Cell therapy has proven to have substantial control over enhancing the quality and rate of skin regeneration and wound restoration. The literature review brings to light the mechanics of wound healing, abnormalities resulting in chronic‐wound and the obstacles faced by wound care researchers thus exploring the multitude of opportunities for potential improvement. Also, the review is focused on providing particulars on the possible cell-derived therapeutic choices and their associated challenges in healing, in the context of clinical trials, as solutions to these challenges will provide fresh and better future opportunities for improved study design and therefore yield a substantial amount of data for the development of more specialized treatments.
The Key Roles of Makorin RING Finger Protein 3 (MKRN3) During
the Development of Pubertal Initiation and Central Precocious
Puberty (CPP)
Authors: Liu Jiang , Li Tangluo , Peng Mindan , Luo Min , Gui Zihao , Long Shuanglian , Mo Zhongcheng , He Weiguo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Puberty is initiated from the continuous and growing pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus and then the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Numerous factors involve pubertal initiation whose abnormality may come from dysfunction of these regulators. Makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) inhibits the secretion of GnRH and plays indispensable roles during the development of pubertal onset, and mutations of MKRN3 showed the commonest genetic cause of central precocious puberty (CPP). Recently, growing studies have revealed the functional mechanisms of MKRN3 in the pubertal initiation and the occurrence of CPP. In this review, we mainly summarized the research advances on the roles of MKRN3 in the development of pubertal onset and their underpinning mechanisms, contributing to the better understanding of the precise mechanisms of pubertal initiation and the pathogenesis of CPP.