bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socially responsible marketing in pandemic times at CoKarma
Authors: Nagpal Gaurav , Ruparel Namita , Seth Himanshu , Saha Victor 
Published: November 2022

Learning outcomes
After reading and discussing the case, the participant would be able to: comprehend the ethics in marketing strategies that were displayed by an entrepreneur in the challenging times of the Covid-19 pandemic; appreciate how the marketing was executed in a socially responsible manner through digital means when there was a conflict between the business and the social interest; and understand how the innovative services or products can be developed that turn the trouble into an opportunity. The case shall also enlighten the students on how to create suitable marketing messages in digital times. The purpose of this paper is to let the students appreciate how they can carry out marketing efforts for a business while keeping customer needs and aspirations at the core, how the marketing campaigns can be designed and executed in a socially responsible manner and how the product portfolio can be suitably altered to make it more valued to the customer. After reading and discussing this case, the students will also be able to appreciate that it is important to identify and address the customer’s pain which may be stated or unstated by the customer. The case intends to teach students how to identify and reap the opportunities that get created from time to time and to make them appreciate that businesses can contribute significantly towards societal gains by committing minimal resources.

Case overview/synopsis
The mainstream marketing discipline focuses on excessive consumerism as opposed to the concept of “socially responsible marketing” which advocates that business initiatives should be supported by ethical considerations. The coworking industry was one of the worst affected industries by the pandemic since their customers started working from their homes during and post the lockdowns, leading to a loss in revenues. The protagonist in the case had a strong belief that the business interests would be secondary to the overall interest of society, and therefore, he advised the customers on how they could work productively, safely and stress-free from their homes. As the lockdown was un-eased, the marketing campaigns were launched and executed in a very ethical manner, while designing innovative service offerings were designed.

Complexity academic level
The case is relevant for the students pursuing undergraduate and graduate studies in the field of business and management.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.
Global perspectives on gender diversity and business performance
Authors: Fouad Sam H.L. , Fouad Nadya A. , Li Xu , Carvalho Juliana 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
Based on the resource-based theory, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between operational employment levels of gender diversity and business performance over a multi-year period. This study also explores if gender parity moderates this relationship and how gender diversity is directionally developed.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-lagged panel design and path analysis is applied to a global data set of women employees, women managers and women senior executives – in relation to revenue, of over 6,000 companies over the six-year period from 2012 to 2017.

Findings
Overall results confirm a positive relationship between women managers and revenue over a multi-year period for all companies. A moderating analysis also finds a positive relationship between total women employees (as well as women managers) and revenue growth of companies headquartered in countries with medium levels of gender parity. The overall and moderating analysis do not find a positive relationship between senior women executives and revenue growth. Longitudinal analysis also finds that the multiple operational levels of gender diversity directionally develop in a mutually cyclical manner.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first diversity and business performance study to use a global data set of multiple operational levels of women employees, managers and senior executives over a multi-year period. This study contributes new perspectives on the positive relationship between women managers and business performance. This study also confirms prior findings of a positive relationship between women employees and business performance in medium gender-parity countries. Finally, this longitudinal study introduces the concept of the gender pipeline of executive advancement along the multiple operational levels of employment and finds that gender diversity is directionally developed in a mutually cyclical, bidirectional pattern.
Economic impacts of in-house and packaged software investments: the influence of software investment opportunities
Authors: Qu Wen Guang , Pinsonneault Alain 
Published: November 2022

PurposeSoftware has become increasingly important in business. However, the value of aggregate in-house and packaged software investments and the influence of an industry's software investment opportunities (SIOs) are poorly understood in the literature. This study addresses this research gap and proposes that an industry's SIOs play an essential role in the economic impacts of industry in-house and packaged software investments.Design/methodology/approachA model of the economic impacts of in-house and packaged software investments at the industry level under different SIOs is developed and empirically tested based on a panel dataset of private industries in the USA between 1998 and 2020.FindingsThe results show that with the increase in the number of SIOs in an industry, the economic performance of in-house software investments increases, while that of packaged software investments decreases.Originality/valueBy highlighting the role of SIOs in moderating the economic performance of in-house and packaged software, this study shows the critical role of the information technology (IT) environment in understanding software's economic value.
Lender’s position in the profit and loss sharing Islamic finance: an analytical perspective of Izutsu’s hypotheses on “Islam” and “Hilm”
Authors: Suzuki Yasushi , Miah Mohammad Dulal 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
There is a growing debate as to how Islamic financial institutions can increase the expansion of profit and loss sharing (PLS) finance instead of widely practiced markup finance. This paper aims to seek to argue that protecting lenders right is to be ensured if we expect to see the rise of PLS finance of Islamic banks.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws upon the theorical contribution of Toshihiko Izutsu, who shows the derivation of the modern term Islam from its pre-Islamic root of hilm. Izutsu argues that a halim (Muslim or mu’min) possesses power and becomes altruist for fellow Muslim. This research takes this view to illustrate that Islamic lenders should be bestowed with economic and financial power for the expansion of PLS finance.

Findings
The authors show that Islamic financial system does not furnish required institutions conducive for expansion of PLS finance. The authors further argue that the practice of PLS should be based on an effective power retained by the lender to discipline the borrower, which is currently lacking in a typical PLS contract.

Practical implications
The retention of the power by the lender does not necessarily breach maqasid al-shari’ah, so far as the power is managed upon the concept of hilm. This philosophical speculation, in the authors’ view, would contribute to bridge a gap between Islamic pragmatists and perfectionists’ view toward expansion of PLS finance.

Originality/value
Although Izutsu’s explanation provides an important tool to argue that the altruistic behaver of halim can encourage the supply of participatory finance, this provision has not been adequately argued in the literature.
Better together? How evolution of co-branding alliance affects performance
Authors: Nygaard Arne , Dahlstrom Robert 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine role stress over the course of an alliance between supply chains. This study examines ambiguity as antecedent to multiple organisational outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThis study subsequently uses a time series design that uses a close replication of the authors’ initial study. The design affords the opportunity to examine the dynamics associated with the evolution of the alliance.FindingsThis study recognises that the relationships developed by collaborating firms are enacted by downstream entrepreneurs in the supply chain, yet this observation is rarely incorporated into interfirm research. The authors illustrate that the alliances have a significant downstream influence on operations at the retail level.Research limitations/implicationsThis longitudinal research has the potential to reduce common method variance and enhance causal inference. The second limitation concerns the simultaneous collection of the predictor and criterion variables. The third limitation is the use of single informants as the primary vehicle for the analysis of the theoretical model when prior research indicates that multiple informants offer enhanced reliability and validity.Practical implicationsThe findings contribute to the management theory of business entrepreneurship and strategic alliances and research on supply chains.Originality/valueThis study underscores the need to examine alliances via time series. Research that attempts to generalise from data collected at a single point in time is unlikely to be able to capture the dynamics associated with the development of a joint venture and offers limited opportunity to make inferences about the causal order of relationships. The model based on longitudinal data reveals that the stage of an alliance influences the level of vertical control and ambiguity and the effect of control on role ambiguity.
The determinants of foreign divestment in South Korea
Authors: Lee Seon Ju , Kang Sung Jin 
Published: November 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to enhance empirical research on foreign divestment and international relocation by multinational firms are still limited and understudied, although these issues have been a frequent phenomenon and carry important economic implications.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper investigates the trends of foreign divestment in South Korea and examines firm- and host country-level determinants in total, manufacture and service sectors from 2010 to 2019.

Findings
Using probit model analysis, the main findings are first, among the firm-level factors, sales revenue and parent firm dummy are shown as negative and significant determinants of foreign divestment especially in manufacturing sector. Second, among the country-level factors, gross domestic product growth rate and regulatory quality that measures perceptions of sound policies that promote private sector development are shown negative and significant determinants of foreign divestment. On the other hand, relationship between the environmental policy stringency and foreign divestment is shown positive and significant.

Originality/value
The results suggest that these nonfirm-specific characteristics are also important factors in firm decision to divest from the host country.
Research review on steel–concrete composite joint of railway hybrid girder cable-stayed bridges
Authors: Shi Zhou , Gu Jiachang , Zhou Yongcong , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study aims to research the development trend, research status, research results and existing problems of the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge.Design/methodology/approachBased on the investigation and analysis of the development history, structure form, structural parameters, stress characteristics, shear connector stress state, force transmission mechanism, and fatigue performance, aiming at the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge, the development trend, research status, research results and existing problems are expounded.FindingsThe shear-compression composite joint has become the main form in practice, featuring shortened length and simplified structure. The length of composite joints between 1.5 and 3.0 m has no significant effect on the stress and force transmission laws of the main girder. The reasonable thickness of the bearing plate is 40–70 mm. The calculation theory and simplified calculation formula of the overall bearing capacity, the nonuniformity and distribution laws of the shear connector, the force transferring ratio of steel and concrete components, the fatigue failure mechanism and structural parameters effects are the focus of the research study.Originality/valueThis study puts forward some suggestions and prospects for the structural design and theoretical research of the steel–concrete composite joint of railway long-span hybrid girder cable-stayed bridge.
English version of Japanese guidance for the use of oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatments of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Saeki Hidehisa , Akiyama Masashi , Abe Masatoshi , Igarashi Atsuyuki , Imafuku Shinichi , Ohya Yukihiro , Katoh Norito , Kameda Hideto , Kabashima Kenji , Tsunemi Yuichiro , Hide Michihiro , Ohtsuki Mamitaro ,   Committee for reviewing the Safety of Atopic Dermatitis/Urticaria Treatment, Japanese Dermatological Association
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis is the English version of guidance for the use of oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Several cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐13, IL‐22, IL‐31, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and interferon‐γ, are involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. As oral JAK inhibitors hinder the JAK‐signal transducers and activators of transcription signal transduction routes involved in the signal transduction of these cytokines, they may be effective for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. In Japan, as oral JAK inhibitors for atopic dermatitis, a JAK1/2 inhibitor, baricitinib, expanded its authorized indications for atopic dermatitis in 2020. Consequentially, a JAK1 inhibitor, upadacitinib, also expanded its indications to atopic dermatitis in 2021, followed by new approval of another JAK1 inhibitor, abrocitinib, for the use under the Japanese health insurance system. Physicians who intend to use them should sufficiently understand and comply with contents of guidelines prepared by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare to promote optimal use of these drugs. In the treatment with oral JAK inhibitors, it is important to sufficiently consider disease factors, treatment factors and patient backgrounds, and share them with patients to choose treatment options. Points to be considered for drug selection include the efficacy and safety of drugs, age of patients, and dosage and administration of the drug. This guidance was developed for board certified dermatologists, who are specialized in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, and for promoting proper use of oral JAK inhibitors, taking into account a variety of factors in individual patients.
Role of topical spironolactone in the treatment of acne: A systematic review of clinical trials—Does this therapy open a path towards favorable outcomes?
Authors: Rehan Syeda Tayyaba , Khan Zayeema , Abbas Samina , Imran Laiba , Munir Saqib , Tahir Muhammad Junaid , Kheljee Aqib Zaman , Eljack Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadelallah , Ahmed Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAcne vulgaris is the eighth most common disease worldwide and presents with inflammatory and noninflammatory skin lesions along with other dermal abnormalities. Oral spironolactone is used for treating acne vulgaris due to its antiandrogenic properties and inhibition of sebogenesis. Recent evidence shows that spironolactone in topical form has similar efficacy to its oral form with comparatively fewer adverse events associated with its use. However, to establish an evidence‐based understanding, this systematic review aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of topical spironolactone in the treatment of acne vulgaris. PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar were comprehensively searched from the date of inception till March 18, 2022 All the clinical trials experimenting with the role of topical spironolactone in the treatment of acne were included. Articles examining the effects of oral spironolactone or other topical agents were excluded. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool (RoB 2.0, version 2019) was used to assess the risk of bias in each study. The study findings have been reported in line with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature search yielded 600 articles. Five clinical trials with 195 patients were included in this review. Out of the five trials, two showed a high risk of bias while three had overall some concerns. Patients treated with topical spironolactone showed a significant decrease in the number of papules (p = 0.004), closed comedones (p < 0.05), and lesions (p < 0.05). Compared to placebo, treatment with 5% spironolactone showed a significant decrease in total lesion count (p = 0.007). In addition, 2% spironolactone showed efficacy over clindamycin and reduced the number of comedones (p < 0.0001), papules (p < 0.0001), and pustules (p < 0.0001) while the acne severity index was also considerably lowered (p < 0.0001). Spironolactone was not found to affect significant skin hydration, sebum, elasticity, melanin, and redness (p > 0.05). Topical spironolactone yields better results than other first‐line treatments for acne and displays fewer side effects. However, further large‐scale clinical trials are required before spironolactone can be used as the preferred treatment in the clinical management of acne.
Hedging at the rear edge: Intraspecific trait variability drives the trajectory of marginal populations in a widespread boreal tree species
Authors: Pelletier Emmanuelle , Couture Magali , de Lafontaine Guillaume 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Rear‐edge populations at the warm margin of species distribution are small, isolated and face environmental conditions at the limit of species bioclimatic envelope. Intraspecific phenotypic variation contributing to the persistence of peripheral populations is expected to become increasingly important under future climate conditions to avoid local extirpation where range shifts lag behind climate change velocity.

We investigated the putative role of intraspecific phenotypic variation for the maintenance of rear‐edge populations of fire‐prone jack pine (Pinus banksiana), an obligate pyriscent boreal species. We assessed whether variation in cone serotiny is associated with the population trajectory of marginal stands located south of the boreal biome, in the temperate forest where natural wildfires are infrequent and unpredictable. To this end, we estimated stand‐scale serotiny, minimal age and tree size structure in 26 jack pine stands from the rear edge (n = 17 sites) and the core (n = 9 sites) of the species' range in eastern Canada.

On average, rear‐edge jack pine populations are less serotinous albeit more variably compared with range‐core populations where serotiny is more uniformly high. Rear‐edge stands are generally older and display reverse J‐shape tree size structure indicative of a multi‐aged demographic equilibrium, whereas range‐core stands are younger and show a unimodal stand structure depicting a single ageing cohort generally lacking interfire recruitment. Eco‐evolutionary dynamics shifts from a dependency on wildfires in range‐core populations to stands that can regenerate and persist without recurrent fires at the rear edge, where stand‐scale serotiny reaches values below 85%.

Synthesis. Unlike range‐core populations, rear‐edge jack pine populations can locally rely on a dual life‐history strategy to ensure both steady recruitment during fire‐free intervals and successful postfire regeneration. This capacity to cope with infrequent and unpredictable fire regime should increase the resilience and resistance of jack pine populations as global changes alter fire dynamics of the boreal forest. More generally, unique intraspecific phenotypic variation in rear‐edge populations contributes to long‐term species persistence in marginal environmental conditions that might scale up with global changes. The conservation of rear‐edge populations and their genetic legacy appears crucial for the resilience of species.
Climate and forest attributes influence above‐ground biomass of deciduous broadleaf forests in China
Authors: Chen Guoping , Cai Qiong , Ma Suhui , Feng Yuhao , Fang Wenjing , Ji Chengjun , Zhu Jiangling , Wang Zhiheng , Wang Shaopeng , Tang Zhiyao , Fang Jingyun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Forests provide a huge carbon pool, a substantial portion of which is stored in above‐ground biomass (AGB). Deciduous broadleaf forests in China are an essential component of global deciduous broadleaf forests, yet the impacts of climate and forest attributes on their AGB are not well understood.

Using a comprehensive forest inventory database from 772 plots distributed across temperate and subtropical deciduous broadleaf forests in China (23.51°–42.53°N and 104.24°–128.27°E), we applied variance partitioning analysis, model selection analysis and structural equation models to explore how climate and forest attributes (species diversity, community‐level functional traits and stand structures) affect AGB in different climatic forests (semi‐arid forests, semi‐humid forests and humid forests).

Community‐level functional traits and stand structures together explained a great portion of the variance in AGB. The effect of community‐level functional traits was greater than that of stand structures in semi‐arid forests and semi‐humid forests, but smaller in humid forests. Further analyses showed that community‐level maximum tree height, stem density and tree size inequality were important explanatory variables. Although climate and species diversity had minor effects, the direct positive effect of mean annual precipitation (MAP) was still important, especially in semi‐arid forests.

Synthesis. Community‐level functional traits but not species diversity were key drivers of AGB, indicating that tree species diversity loss may not impair AGB substantially in deciduous broadleaf forests in China. Moreover, stand structures also had strong effects on AGB in both semi‐arid forests and humid forests, highlighting the importance of structural complexity. In addition, MAP had a direct positive effect on AGB in semi‐arid forests and semi‐humid forests, and a future increase in drought might potentially reduce carbon storage in these forests.