bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlimited Surrounding: A Scoping Review on the Impact of the Built Environment on Health, Behavior, and Quality of Life of Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities in Long-Term Care
Authors: Roos Jacqueline , Koppen Gemma , Vollmer Tanja C. , Van Schijndel-Speet Marieke , Dijkxhoorn Yvette 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: To identify available literature on the impact of built environments on health, behavior, and quality of life of individuals with intellectual disabilities in long-term care. Additionally, we aimed to map the available literature, (re)frame the overall research situation in this area, and formulate recommendations. Background: Long-term care facilities in the Netherlands are planned without using knowledge from research regarding evidence-based design because it is unclear what evidence is available about the impact of long-term care built environments on individuals with intellectual disabilities receiving 24/7 care. Methods: Twelve scientific databases were searched for keyword combinations. After systematically screening 3,095 documents, 276 were included in the analysis. Results: There is an underrepresentation of research and publications in intellectual disabilities, compared to other user groups living in long-term care facilities. A total of 26 design components were found in all groups; as for intellectual disabilities, research was available on only seven of them. Community care, home-likeness, and variety seem to have a positive effect on health, behavior, and quality of life. There are conflicting results regarding the effects of house size. Conclusions: Although individuals with intellectual disabilities live in long-term care facilities, sometimes for life, little research has been conducted on the impact of the built environment on them. In the future, more empirical research should be conducted, addressing all aspects of quality of life and specific design components, with hypotheses based on needs assessments and the use of good research designs. This requires an investment of time and funding.
Do weather parameters affect the incidence of renal colic in a predominantly warm country? A multicenter study
Authors: Golomb Dor , Goldberg Hanan , Lavi Arnon , Kafka Ilan , Kleinmann Nir , Shvero Asaf , Verchovsky Guy , Boyarsky Leonid , Darawasha Abd Elhalim , Sadeh Omer , Mekayten Matan , Stav Nir , Lifshitz David 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To determine whether there is any effect of weather parameters on the incidence of renal colic patients presenting to emergency rooms (ERs) during the hottest season in Israel. Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter study involved all ER admissions related to renal colic in nine centres throughout Israel between 2010 and 2017. The collected data included the date of ER visits, the patients’ age and sex, and the weather features of ambient temperature, wind velocity, noon heat index, and barometric pressure. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified predictors of increased ER visits for renal colic. Results: There were 85,501 renal colic-related ER visits during the study period, involving 62,935 (74%) males and 22,566 (26%) females ( p < 0.005). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of the males and females was 50 ± 5.8 and 48 ± 19.6 years, respectively ( p = 0.1). Most of the ER arrivals were in the 31- to 50-year-old age group (37%, 31,508) ( p = 0.02). The maximal ambient temperature (odds ratio (OR) = 2.213, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.148–2.279, p < 0.0001), lower heat index (i.e. low humidity; OR = 0.880, 95% CI = 0.872–0.887, p < 0.0001) and increased wind velocity (OR = 1.165, 95% CI = 1.149–1.182, p < 0.0001) had a significant linear effect on ER visits for renal colic events. Conclusion: Conditions that increase sweat evaporation during the hottest months, including a decreased heat index and increased wind velocity, correlated with more ER visits for renal colic events, probably due to dehydration associated with elevated sweat evaporation. Level of evidence: Not applicable
Bacterial colonization in three different parts of double J stent
Authors: Gorji Daroonkolaee Alireza , Fakhr Yasseri Alimohammad , Khatami Fatemeh , Saatchi Mohammad , Moradi Tabriz Hedieh , Beheshti Masoumeh , Afsari Roohollah , Rakebi Mohammad Mehdi , Tehranipour Elham , Gholamnejad Maryam , Mashhadi Rahil , Aghamir Seyed Mohammad Kazem 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Due to the extensive use of indwelling stents and catheters in urology, bacterial colonization on these materials is a significant cause of infections in this group of patients. This study aims to investigate and compare the bacterial colonization in urine and in the three zones of the double J (DJ) stent. Methods: Between August 2019 and May 2020, 67 patients (18–78 years old) who underwent DJ stenting were recruited in the study. Surgeries before stenting included transurethral lithotripsy (TUL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), or diagnostic ureteroscopy. Before stenting, sterile urine samples were collected, and urinary cultures were performed, and the same procedure was done after removal of the DJ stents. DJ stent cultures were also performed. Results: 61 patients were analyzed. The mean age of all patients was 53 ± 16 years. The mean time of DJ installation in all patients was 27.6 ± 6.7 days (14–43 days). In these three parts of the DJ, 70.5%, 67.2%, and 72.1% of patients were without a colony, respectively. The microorganism distribution is approximately the same in the lower and upperparts, and Escherichia coli has the highest frequency (11.5%). The odds ratio (OR) of contamination was significantly lower in men than in women, but overweight and diabetes were not associated. Conclusion: The severity and pattern of bacterial colonization are not significantly different in the proximal, distal, and middle parts of the DJ stent.
Predictive Factors Associated With Short-Term Clinical Outcomes and Time to Return to Activity After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy in Nonathletes
Authors: Wang Lipeng , Lin Qingxi , Qi Xinsheng , Chen Dongyang , Xia Caiwei , Song Xiaoxiao 
Published: March 2022

Background: Although arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is a widely implemented surgical procedure, studies investigating the time to return to activity (RTA) are rare. Purpose: To explore which factors are associated with the RTA times after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and to investigate whether those factors can also improve short-term patient-reported outcomes. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The authors reviewed the records of patients who underwent isolated partial meniscectomy in their institution from January 2017 to December 2019. Patient and injury characteristics were documented, and time to RTA was obtained via phone interview in January 2021. Pre- and postoperative outcomes were assessed with the Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. The chi-square test and independent-samples t test were used to evaluate differences in outcome scores and time to RTA according to the patient and injury characteristics, and risk factors with a P value <.1 in the univariate analysis were used in the binary regression. Results: Included were 215 patients (87 men and 128 women; mean age, 33.7 years [range, 24-75 years]). Of these patients, 204 provided information on time to RTA (mean, 3.3 months). By 3 months postoperatively, 49.5% (101/204) of patients could perform activities without knee-related restriction; this improved to 69.6% (142/204) at 6 months and 90.2% (184/204) at 12 months. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-1.19; P = .044) and injury duration (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.19-1.07; P = .032) were significantly associated with the time to RTA. IKDC scores improved significantly from 41.2 preoperatively to 76.7 postoperatively, and in the multivariate logistic regression model, female sex (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.10-6.47; P = .030), body mass index (BMI) ≥27 kg/m2 (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.02-8.66; P = .047), and medial meniscal tear (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.04-1.00; P = .050) were associated with inferior outcome scores. Conclusion: Patients aged 40 years and younger who underwent partial meniscectomy surgery within 6 months after a meniscal tear were more likely to have a shorter time to RTA, and female patients with obesity (BMI ≥27 kg/m2), especially those with medial meniscal tears, tended to have inferior clinical outcomes.
Characteristics of the Kicking Motion in Adolescent Male Soccer Players Who Develop Osgood-Schlatter Disease: A Prospective Study
Authors: Takei Seira , Taketomi Shuji , Torii Suguru , Tojima Michio , Kaneoka Koji , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: March 2022

Background: Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) is an apophysitis of the tibial tubercle caused by repeated traction of the patellar tendon during adolescence. Although OSD is associated more with sports such as soccer, it remains unclear whether the kicking motion itself is related to OSD onset. Purpose: To prospectively evaluate the kicking motion in adolescent soccer players who later developed OSD. Study Design: Case-control study. Methods: The authors observed 47 Japanese adolescent male soccer players (mean age, 12 years) over 6 months in 2018-2019; none of the participants had OSD at study onset. The players underwent tibial tubercle ultrasound at baseline, and their kicking motion was evaluated using 3-dimensional (3D) motion analysis with 65 reflective markers. The 3D angle of the lumbar spine, thorax, and pelvis and the angular velocity of the hips, knees, and ankles were calculated for the support leg. The kicking motion was divided into 8 phases, and ball speed, kicking time, and positions of the support (nonkicking) leg and center of mass (COM) from the ball were calculated for each phase. Six months later, the players underwent another ultrasound and were divided into 2 groups: those diagnosed with OSD in the support leg (OSD group) and those without OSD (normal [NRL] group). All factors calculated using the kicking motion analysis at the baseline were compared between groups. Results: There were 19 players in the OSD group and 28 players in the NRL group. Anthropometric measurements, ball speed, and kicking time were similar between the 2 groups. The forward translation of the COM and the support leg, the flexion angle of the thorax, and the rotation angle of the pelvis before impact with the ball were all significantly smaller in the OSD group than in the NRL group ( P < .05). Moreover, the knee extension angular velocity of the support leg was significantly larger in the OSD group ( P < .05) at ball impact. Conclusion: A kicking motion with small COM translation, small thoracic flexion, and small pelvic rotation before ball impact, as well as large knee extension angular velocity of the support leg at ball impact, may be associated with OSD onset.
To Be or Not to Be: Great Power Dilemmas and the Iranian Nuclear Programme
Authors: Hussain Syed Jaleel 
Published: March 2022

Mark Fitzpatrick, Michael Elleman and Paulina Izewicz. 2019. Uncertain Future: The JCPOA and Iran’s Nuclear and Missile Programmes. Routledge. 168 pp. ISBN: 9780367197056. Dennis C. Jett. 2018. The Iran Nuclear Deal: Bombs, Bureaucrats, and Billionaires. Palgrave Macmillan. 481 pp. ISBN: 9783319598222. Moritz. Pieper. 2018. Hegemony and Resistance around the Iranian Nuclear Programme. Routledge. 190 pp. ISBN: 9780367173807. Farhad Rezaei. 2017. Iran’s Nuclear Program: A Study in Proliferation and Rollback. Palgrave Macmillan. 272 pp. ISBN: 9783319441191. Trita Parsi. 2017. Losing an Enemy: Obama, Iran, and the Triumph of Diplomacy. Yale University Press. 472 pp. ISBN: 9780300218169. This article looks at the competing dilemmas faced by the great powers and the reasons for their eventual cooperation concerning Iran’s nuclear programme. The great powers were divided between those who wanted a total roll back and those who supported meaningful and verifiable limits. Using the levels of analysis framework, the article looks at individual actors, structural factors and the domestic interconnections that sustained the Iranian nuclear crisis and propelled its eventual resolution in the form of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action.
Rare case of Torsades de Pointes in severe hypothyroidism: literature review and challenges in management
Authors: Lee Berlin , Lee Wei Feng , Lim Beng Leong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Hypothyroidism can manifest as several important cardiac abnormalities. There are few reports of ventricular dysrhythmias (VDs) in hypothyroidism. We described a rare case of VDs in severe hypothyroidism and reviewed the literature behind its management.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old gentleman, with poor compliance to treatment for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, presented with palpitations to the Emergency Department. He had runs of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT). He was treated with intravenous (IV) amiodarone and admitted to the intensive care unit for observation. He then developed recurrent Torsades de Pointes (Tdp) despite treatment with several anti-arhythmics. He required electrical cardioversion and eventual transvenous overdrive pacing (OP). VT recurred while he was on OP. VT resolved and he was weaned off OP only after adequate thyroid hormone replacement.

Conclusions
VDs, including NSVT, Tdp, and VT, are rare and potentially lethal in hypothyroidism. Our case demonstrates important challenges in the management of severe hypothyroidism. Here, VDs are often refractory to treatment with drugs and electrical means. The choice(s) of anti-arrhthymics requires careful consideration and can be difficult before thyroid function tests are known. Amiodarone use should be cautioned as it is associated with thyroid dysfunction and QT interval prolongation.
There is no literature to guide thyroid hormone replacement in this disease. Aggressive replacement is associated with adverse cardiovascular effects. Our case showed a fine balance between the risk of rapid thyroid hormone replacement and the urgency to terminate VDs. Its administration should be carefully monitored amidst bridging strategies like electrical cardioversion and OP to manage life-threatening VDs.
Exploration of the characteristics and trends of electric vehicle crashes: a case study in Norway
Authors: Liu Chenhui , Zhao Li , Lu Chaoru 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) in the past decade, many new traffic safety challenges are also emerging. With the crash data of Norway from 2011 to 2018, this study gives an overview of the status quo of EV crashes. In the survey period, the proportion of EV crashes in total traffic crashes had risen from zero to 3.11% in Norway. However, in terms of severity, EV crashes do not show statistically significant differences from the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (ICEV) crashes. Compared to ICEV crashes, the occurrence of EV crashes features on weekday peak hours, urban areas, roadway junctions, low-speed roadways, and good visibility scenarios, which can be attributed to the fact that EVs are mainly used for urban local commuting travels in Norway. Besides, EVs are confirmed to be much more likely to collide with cyclists and pedestrians, probably due to their low-noise engines. Then, the separate logistic regression models are built to identify important factors influencing the severity of ICEV and EV crashes, respectively. Many factors show very different effects on ICEV and EV crashes, which implies the necessity of re-evaluating many current traffic safety strategies in the face of the EV era. Although the Norway data is analyzed here, the findings are expected to provide new insights to other countries also in the process of the complete automotive electrification.
Helios expressing regulatory T cells are correlated with decreased IL-2 producing CD8 T cells and antibody diversity in Mozambican individuals living chronically with HIV-1
Authors: Matavele Chissumba Raquel , Magul Cacildo , Macamo Rosa , Monteiro Vânia , Enosse Maria , Macicame Ivalda , Cumbane Victória , Bhatt Nilesh , Viegas Edna , Imbach Michelle , Eller Leigh Anne , Polyak Christina S. , Kestens Luc ,   for the RV363 Study Group, Jani Ilesh , Ake Julie , De Araujo Khelvon , Bhatt Nilesh , Capitine Igor , Chissumba Raquel Matavele , Machaze Alberto , Namalamgo Eduardo , Castiano Celso , Manhiça Emelva , Mutombene Mirna , Matimbe Ducília , Guiliche Onélia , Mapossa Vania , Monteiro Vania , Cavele Nilzio , Crowell Trevor , Eller Leigh Anne , Hassen Zebiba , Imbach Michelle , Inhambizo Luis , Li Qun , Macicame Ivalda , Mandlate Ferrao , Massingue Carmélia , Milazzo Mark , Monteiro Vanessa , Nwoga Chiaka , Polyak Christina S. , Ramgi Patrícia , Robb Merlin L. , Schech Steve , Smith Gail , Swann Edith M. , Viegas Edna , Yates Adam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes impairment of T and B cell responses, which begins during the acute phase of infection and is not completely restored by antiretroviral treatment. Regulatory T cell (Tregs) can improve overall disease outcome by controlling chronic inflammation but may also suppress beneficial HIV-1 specific immune responses. We aimed to analyze the profile of Tregs and their correlation with the status of T cells activation, the expression of IL-2 and IFNγ and the profile of HIV-1 specific antibodies response in Mozambican people living chronically with HIV-1 (PLWH-C).

Results
In PLWH-C, the proportion of total Tregs was positively correlated with the proportion of IL-2+CD4 T cells (r = 0.647; p = 0.032) and IL-2+IFNγ+CD8 T cells (r = 0.551; p = 0.014), while the proportions of Helios+Tregs correlated inversely with levels of IL-2+CD8 T cells (r = − 0.541; p = 0.017). Overall, PLWH-C, with (82%) or without virologic suppression (64%), were seronegative for at least HIV-1 p31, gp160 or p24, and the breadth of antibody responses was positively correlated with proportions of CD38+HLA-DR+CD8 T cells (r = 0.620; p = 0.012), viral load (r = 0.452; p = 0.040) and inversely with absolute CD4 T cells count (r = − 0.481; p = 0.027). Analysis of all individuals living HIV-1 showed that the breadth of HIV-1 antibody responses was inversely correlated with the proportion of Helios+Tregs (r = − 0.45; p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Among Mozambican people living with HIV-1, seronegativity to some HIV-1 proteins is common, particularly in virologically suppressed individuals. Furthermore, lower diversity of HIV-specific antibodies is correlated to lower immune activation, lower viral replication and higher CD4 counts, in PLWH-C. Elevation in the proportion of Helios+Tregs is related to a reduction of CD8 T expressing intracellular IL-2, in PLWH-C, but may contribute to impairment of B cell function.
The use of public transport and contraction of SARS-CoV-2 in a large prospective cohort in Norway
Authors: Ellingjord-Dale Merete , Kalleberg Karl Trygve , Istre Mette S. , Nygaard Anders B. , Brunvoll Sonja H. , Eggesbø Linn M. , Dahl John Arne , Kjetland Eyrun F. , Ursin Giske , Søraas Arne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
For many people public transport is the only mode of travel, and it can be challenging to keep the necessary distances in such a restricted space. The exact role of public transportation and risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is not known.

Methods
Participants (n = 121,374) were untested adult Norwegian residents recruited through social media who in the spring of 2020 completed a baseline questionnaire on demographics and the use of public transport. Incident cases (n = 1069) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test registered at the Norwegian Messaging System for Infectious Diseases by January 27, 2021. We investigated the association between the use of public transport and SARS-CoV-2 using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, calendar time, gender, municipality, smoking, income level, fitness and underlying medical conditions were estimated. Frequency of the use of public transport was reported for 2 week-periods.

Results
Before lockdown, those who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to have used public transport 1–3 times (OR = 1.28, CI 1.09–1.51), 4–10 times (OR = 1.49, CI 1.26–1.77) and ≥ 11 times (OR = 1.50, CI 1.27–1.78, p for trend < 0.0001) than those who had not tested positive.

Conclusion
The use of public transport was positively associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 both before and after lockdown.
Increased CD4+ T cell count is associated with lower anal human papillomavirus prevalence among HIV-positive male cohort in Taizhou, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Jing , Chen Xiaoxiao , Ye Yiwen , Shen Weiwei , Ye Xiaohong , Lin Yajun , Lin Zhebin , Tan Shigang , Gao Meiyang , Ding Yingying , Lin Haijiang , Wang Youyi , He Na , Liu Xing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the association between CD4+T cell count and combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) with the prevalence of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among HIV-positive male cohort in China.MethodsA survey was conducted in men from a HIV cohort in Taizhou, China between 2016 and 2019. A face-to-face questionnaire interview was administered, and an anal-canal swab was collected for HPV genotyping.ResultsA total of 766 HIV-positive men were recruited. The HPV prevalence was lower among those with increased CD4+T cell count than those with decreased or unchanged (46.5 vs. 56.6%, p = 0.033) from baseline. In multivariable models, having the current CD4+T cell count of 350–499 cells/µL (aOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.13–0.64), and of ≥ 500 cells/µL (aOR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11–0.60) were associated with lower prevalence of any type HPV infection compared with those with < 200 cells/µL. Having taken NVP + 3TC + AZT was inversely associated with any high-risk (HR)-HPV (aOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.25–0.90) and any low-risk (LR)-HPV infection (aOR 0.40, 95% CI 0.18–0.88), compared with those taking EFV + 3TC + TDF.ConclusionsIncreased CD4+T cell count at follow-up was significantly associated with lower prevalence of anal HPV infection. Inverse associations between NVP + 3TC + AZT and HR-HPV or LR-HPV infecton were observed.