bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the cost of energy matter for innovation? The effects of energy prices on SME innovation in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Hussain Javed , Karimu Amin , Salia Samuel , Owen Robyn 
Published: February 2022

PurposeEnergy and environment has gained traction within the field of entrepreneurship literature, but a comprehensive empirical study that examines the relationship between the cost of energy and small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) innovation is an omission. Therefore, this novel study aims to examine the relationship between the cost of energy and SMEs innovation in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) by first examining the differential impact of the various generation sources on the price of electric energy. This research has enabled us to investigate and understand the transmission mechanism of increasing/decreasing electricity price on innovation decisions and activities of SMEs in SSA.Design/methodology/approachUsing quantitative approach, with the data from the World Bank Enterprise and Innovation Follow-up Surveys, the study utilises a Tobit model to test whether the generation mix (renewable and non-renewable generation sources) increases or decreases electricity prices and examine the impact of the cost of electric energy on SMEs innovation in SSA.FindingsThe findings of this study shows that the cost of electricity affects negatively on SMEs innovation decision and activities of SMEs in SSA. The impact of renewables on the price of electricity has a larger magnitude relative to that of non-renewables. This finding has implications for policy makers promoting renewable energy without a policy design to tackle the unintended price effect of promoting renewable energy.Originality/valueThis is the first study to introduce cost of energy into an innovation model and to empirically examine the role of cost of energy for innovation activities of SMEs in SSA. Further, it examines the sources of generation on electricity price in SSA. The study contributes towards the empirical literature, and the findings also have implication for policy makers regarding the unintended consequences of promoting the transition to low-carbon electricity generation sources on SMEs via the cost of doing business implication.
Quality disclosure in sharing economy platform with network externality under consumer risk aversion
Authors: Fan Haowen , Zhang Yulin 
Published: February 2022

Purpose This work aims to examine the quality disclosure strategy of sharing economy platforms with network externality, considering consumer risk aversion.Design/methodology/approach The game theory, sensitive analysis and numerical study are used herein. The equilibria are derived from the game theory. The quality disclosure strategy is analyzed by profit comparison. To further understand the characteristics of the optimal disclosure strategy, sensitive analysis and numerical studies are conducted to detail the analytical results.Findings Regardless of market structure, the quality disclosure decision problem is a trade-off between information effect and cost effect. Consumer risk aversion is a factor that can incentivize low-quality platforms to disclose quality. Both consumer risk aversion and network externality influence the quality disclosure strategy through information effect. Interestingly, for different competition intensities, consumer risk aversion and network externality could lead to positive or negative information effects of removing uncertainty. The authors show that under certain conditions, consumer risk aversion and network externality could induce more quality concealment.Research limitations/implications The quality is set exogenous herein, and the integrated process of quality investment and information disclosure is an interesting direction for future research.Practical implications This work provides managerial insights for sharing economy platforms regarding how to wisely consider consumer risk aversion and network externality when sharing quality information.Originality/value This work identifies two effects that determine quality disclosure strategy and specifies the role of each factor on quality disclosure.
Automated service assistances to the visually impaired people using android application
Authors: Hemalatha S. , Das Nripendra Narayan , Ramasamy Jayanthy , Madan Suman , Mahesh P.C. Senthil 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Internet of Things (IoT) involves connecting physical objects to the internet to provide opportunities to build smart systems or applications. IoT paradigm assumes many devices connected over a conventional intent network. These devices usually have restricted resources, so moving part of the service implementation to a cloud infrastructure is a prominent solution. This study aims to proposes in this project human voice as a potential interface for one or more devices in IoT ecosystem enabling issuing commands and receiving information.

Design/methodology/approach
System design is the process of defining the elements of a system such as the architecture, modules and components, the different interfaces of those components and the data that goes through that system. It is meant to satisfy specific needs and requirements of a business or organization through the engineering of a coherent and well-running system.

Findings
The main aim of this proposed work is to develop a ticket booking application that performs all the operations by speech recognition. Hence, visually impaired people can make use of this application. There are several applications that help visually impaired people. This application adds extra features to those available soft wares. Using this, visually impaired people can book the tickets without the help of personal assistants. For future research, this study hopes to extend this application to perform various other operations that will help visually impaired people to do their daily activities like normal people without the help of personal assistants. For example, making a phone call, sending text messages, booking a taxi, easy navigation, etc.

Originality/value
System design involves the identification of classes, their relationship as well as their collaboration. In objector, classes are divided into entity classes and control classes.
Phylogenomics, epigenomics, virulome and mobilome of Gram‐negative bacteria co‐resistant to carbapenems and polymyxins: a One Health systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Ramaloko Winnie Thabisa , Osei Sekyere John 
Published: February 2022

SummaryGram‐negative bacteria (GNB) continue to develop resistance against important antibiotics including last‐resort ones such as carbapenems and polymyxins. An analysis of GNB with co‐resistance to carbapenems and polymyxins from a One Health perspective is presented. Data of species name, country, source of isolation, resistance genes (ARGs), plasmid type, clones and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were deduced from 129 articles from January 2016 to March 2021. Available genomes and plasmids were obtained from PATRIC and NCBI. Resistomes and methylomes were analysed using BAcWGSTdb and REBASE whilst Kaptive was used to predict capsule typing. Plasmids and other MEGs were identified using MGE Finder and ResFinder. Phylogenetic analyses were done using RAxML and annotated with MEGA 7. A total of 877 isolates, 32 genomes and 44 plasmid sequences were analysed. Most of these isolates were reported in Asian countries and were isolated from clinical, animal and environmental sources. Colistin resistance was mostly mediated by mgrB inactivation (37%; n = 322) and mcr‐1 (36%; n = 312), while OXA‐48/181 was the most reported carbapenemase. IncX and IncI were the most common plasmids hosting carbapenemases and mcr genes. The isolates were co‐resistant to other antibiotics, with floR (chloramphenicol) and fosA3 (fosfomycin) being common; E. coli ST156 and K. pneumoniae ST258 strains were common globally. Virulence genes and capsular KL‐types were also detected. Type I, II, III and IV restriction modification systems were detected, comprising various MTases and restriction enzymes. The escalation of highly resistant isolates drains the economy due to untreatable bacterial infections, which leads to increasing global mortality rates and healthcare costs.
Naked‐eye detection strategies coupled with isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques for the detection of human pathogens
Authors: Garrido‐Maestu Alejandro , Prado Marta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNucleic acid amplification‐based techniques have gained acceptance by the scientific, and general, community as reference methodologies for many different applications. Since the development of the gold standard of these techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), back in the 1980s many improvements have been made, and alternative techniques emerged reporting improvements over PCR. Among these, isothermal amplification approaches resulted of particular interest as could overcome the need of specialized equipment to accurately control temperature changes, but it was after year 2000 that these techniques have flourished in a huge number of novel alternatives with many different degrees of complexities and requirements. An added value is their possibility to be combined with many different naked‐eye detection strategies, simplifying the resources needed, allowing to reduce cost, and serving as the basis for novel developments of lab‐on‐chip systems, and miniaturized devices, for point‐of‐care testing. In this review, we will go over different types of naked‐eye detection strategies, combined with isothermal amplification. This will provide the readers up‐to‐date information for them to select the most appropriate strategies depending on the particular needs and resources for their experimental setup.
FODMAP modulation as a dietary therapy for IBS: Scientific and market perspective
Authors: Ispiryan Lilit , Zannini Emanuele , Arendt Elke K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) is a promising therapeutic approach to reduce gastrointestinal symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, a shift toward a more sustainable, healthy diet with higher inclusion of whole‐grain cereals (i.e., wheat, rye, barley) and pulses, naturally rich in FODMAPs, poses a severe challenge for susceptible individuals. Dietary restriction of fermentable carbohydrates (commonly called the “low FODMAP diet”) has received significant consideration. Hence, the development of functional low FODMAP products is emerging in food science and the food industry. In this review, we evaluate the most promising yet neglected (bio)‐technological strategies adopted for modulating the FODMAP contents in complex food systems and the extent of their uptake in the global food market. We extensively investigated the global low FODMAP market, contrasted with the status quo in food science and discussed the key principles and concomitant challenges of targeted FODMAP reduction strategies. Powerful tools are available which are based either on the use of ingredients where FODMAPs have been physically removed (e.g., by membrane filtration) or biotechnologically reduced during the food processing, mediated by added enzymes, microbial enzymes during a fermentation process, and seed endogenous enzymes. However, <10% of the small market of functional products with a low FODMAP claim (total ∼800 products) used any of the targeted FODMAP reduction techniques. The global market is currently dominated by gluten‐free products, which are naturally low in FODMAPs and characterized by inferior sensory attributes.
Effects of Climate, Basin Characteristics, and High‐Capacity Wells on Baseflow in the State of Wisconsin, United States
Authors: Borchardt Susan , Choi Woonsup , Choi Jinmu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhen it comes to water resources management, it is critical to understand the factors that affect baseflow processes. Declines in baseflow due to increased use of the groundwater from unconfined aquifers is well documented, but that is not the case for confined aquifers. Furthermore, since the groundwater basin size and shape can be different than the surface water basin, the use of the surface basin to determine well withdrawal rates can affect baseflow and be problematic. This study used the variables determined to be related to baseflow variability (precipitation, temperature, drainage class, available storage, land use, and slope) and the withdrawal rates of wells located within the study basins to create regression models for the state of Wisconsin, United States. We find that: (1) precipitation and temperature variable are significant in explaining the temporal variability of baseflow, whereas land cover variables are important when the temporal variability is not considered; (2) evaporation and soil drainage are important in basins over unconfined aquifers, whereas precipitation the most significant over confined aquifers; (3) whether to use surface water or groundwater divides to delineate basins matters in particular conditions, and (4) groundwater withdrawal rates do not significantly affect baseflow when using statistical analysis. Therefore, analyzing baseflow should be supplemented by a process‐based model for the effects of groundwater withdrawals.
Cardiac dysfunction and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID‐19: A Swedish multicentre observational study
Authors: Holmqvist Jacob , Beck‐Friis Josefine , Jensen Carl , Dalla Keti , Mårdstam Simon , Christensen Jens , Nordén Nina , Widing Hannes , Rosén‐Wetterholm Elin , Cavefors Oscar , Yilmaz Aylin , Cronhjort Maria , Redfors Björn , Oras Jonatan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence and importance of cardiac dysfunction in critically ill patients with COVID‐19 in Sweden is not yet established. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of cardiac dysfunction and elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and its influence on mortality in patients with COVID‐19 in intensive care in Sweden.MethodsThis was a multicentre observational study performed in five intensive care units (ICUs) in Sweden. Patients admitted to participating ICU with COVID‐19 were examined with echocardiography within 72 h from admission and again after 4 to 7 days. Cardiac dysfunction was defined as left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (ejection fraction <50% and/or regional hypokinesia) or right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (defined as TAPSE <17 mm or visually assessed moderate/severe RV dysfunction).ResultsWe included 132 patients, of whom 127 (96%) were intubated. Cardiac dysfunction was found in 42 (32%) patients. Most patients had cardiac dysfunction at the first assessment (n = 35) while a few developed cardiac dysfunction later (n = 7) and some changed type of dysfunction (n = 3). LV dysfunction was found in 21 and RV dysfunction in 19 patients, while 5 patients had combined dysfunction. Elevated PAP was found in 34 patients (26%) and was more common in patients with RV dysfunction. RV dysfunction and elevated PAP were independently associated with an increased risk of death (OR 3.98, p = .013 and OR 3.88, p = .007, respectively).ConclusionsCardiac dysfunction occurs commonly in critically ill patients with COVID‐19 in Sweden. RV dysfunction and elevated PAP are associated with an increased risk of death.
CEO organizational identification and corporate innovation investment
Authors: Du Dongying , Tang Xiaojian , Wang Huaiming , Zhang Joseph H. , Tsui Stephanie , Lin Dongjie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIdentity theory in economics reveals that organisational identification motivates managers to take actions that are strongly aligned with firm interests. Nevertheless, organisational identification may also play a role in personal incentives. Leveraging the availability of CEO organisational identification data from the national internal control survey of listed firms in China, we document a positive impact of CEO organisational identification on corporate innovation. We also find that the positive impact is more pronounced for firms whose CEOs own shares, that are followed by more financial analysts, and that have higher institutional ownership. Additional analyses suggest that the interaction between CEO organisational identification and corporate innovation investment significantly enhances firm value. Overall, our study shows that CEO organisational identification is a non‐trivial driver of firm innovation and growth.
Elevated transferrin saturation in individuals with alcohol use disorder: Association with HFE polymorphism and alcohol withdrawal severity
Authors: Kroll Danielle S. , McPherson Katherine L. , Manza Peter , Schwandt Melanie L. , Shen Pei‐Hong , Goldman David , Diazgranados Nancy , Wang Gene‐Jack , Wiers Corinde E. , Volkow Nora D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIron loading has been consistently reported in those with alcohol use disorder (AUD), but its effect on the clinical course of the disease is not yet fully understood. Here, we conducted a cohort study to examine whether peripheral iron measures, genetic variation in HFE rs1799945 and their interaction differed between 594 inpatient participants with alcohol use disorder (AUD) undergoing detoxification and 472 healthy controls (HC). We also assessed whether HFE rs1799945 was associated with elevated peripheral iron and can serve as a predictor of withdrawal severity. AUD patients showed significantly higher serum transferrin saturation than HC. Within the AUD group, transferrin saturation significantly predicted withdrawal symptoms (CIWA‐Ar) and cumulative dose of benzodiazepine treatment during the first week of detoxification, which is an indicator of withdrawal severity. HFE rs1799945 minor allele carriers showed elevated transferrin saturation compared to non‐carriers, both in AUD and healthy controls. Exploratory analyses indicated that, within the AUD cohort, HFE rs1799945 predicted CIWA withdrawal scores, and this relationship was significantly mediated by transferrin saturation. We provide evidence that serum transferrin saturation predicts alcohol withdrawal severity in AUD. Moreover, our findings replicated previous studies on elevated serum transferrin saturation in AUD and an involvement of HFE rs1799945 in serum transferrin saturation levels in both AUD and healthy controls. Future studies may use transferrin saturation measures as predictors for treatment or potentially treat iron overload to ameliorate withdrawal symptoms.
Identifying and managing adverse drug reactions: Qualitative analysis of patient reports to the UK yellow card scheme
Authors: O' Donovan Bernadine , Rodgers Ruth M. , Cox Anthony R. , Krska Janet 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) can have significant negative impact on peoples' daily lives, with physical, economic, social and/or psychological effects. Patient reporting of ADRs has been facilitated by pharmacovigilance systems across Europe. However, capturing data on patients' experiences of ADRs has proved challenging. Existing patient reports to the UK Yellow Card Scheme contain free‐text comments which could be useful sources of information.ObjectivesTo investigate patients' experiences of ADRs and their impact on patients as described in free‐text data within patient Yellow Card (YC) reports submitted to the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency.MethodsA qualitative review of narrative texts was conducted on free‐text data from 2255 patient YC reports from July to December 2015.ResultsThree key narrative themes emerged from analysis of the free‐text data in 2255 reports: (1) identification of ADRs, (2) severity and impact of ADRs, and (3) management of ADRs. Temporal associations were the most common method of identification followed by differential diagnoses and confirmation with information sources such as healthcare professionals (HCPs). A combination of explicit and implicit impacts were described: physical, psychological, economic and social effects often persisted and caused serious disruption to many patients' lives. A range of strategies were used to manage ADRs, including consultation with HCPs, stopping/reducing the medicine or taking medicines to alleviate symptoms.ConclusionFree‐text data from YC reports has been an underutilised resource to date, but this research has confirmed its potential value to pharmacovigilance and medication safety research.
Urological General Medical Council (GMC) fitness to practice complaints in the UK: an analysis over the last 14 years (2007–2021) based on trends, ethnicity and outcomes
Authors: Lane Jenni , Somani Bhaskar K. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo present the number and outcomes of urological referrals to the General Medical Council (GMC) and provide a breakdown of the doctors' demographics.MethodsData were requested and collected from the GMC under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 for all complaints about urologists between 2007 and 2021 (14‐year period).ResultsBetween 2007 and 2021 a total of 635 urologists were referred to the GMC, totalling 734 referrals (1.15 referrals/doctor). Of these, 50% (364) were closed following a provisional enquiry (PE; 1 month) and another 43% were investigated but no action was taken. Action was taken for only 7% of urologists (49); these urologists were given advice, required to do extra training, suspended from practice, or erased from the medical register. Compared to the current urology workforce, a marginally higher proportion of those referred were international medical graduates or from diverse backgrounds.ConclusionFor urologists unfairly referred to the GMC it is reassuring to know that half of cases are closed at a PE. Of those investigated, only 7% of urologists were given sactions, suspension or given extra training. Reassuringly, our data demonstrate a robust process of GMC investigation, with most doctors going back into work following suitable complaints and, over the last 14 years, only nine urologists received sanctions, two of whom were erased from the medical register. There were only marginal differences when comparing our data to the current urologist population with regard to race and location of primary medical qualification. Conversely, the male‐to‐female split was more heavily weighted towards males being referred to the GMC.