bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Social Impact Within Primary School Health Promotion: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robertson Dianne , Carins Julia , Rundle‐Thiele Sharyn , Harris Jessica 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDHealth promotion programs and interventions are designed to encourage behavioral changes in children, encouraging them to make safe and healthy life choices. This systematic review seeks to examine how social impact is measured in primary school health promotion interventions.METHODA systematic search and review process was used to identify and examine primary school health promotion interventions. The PRISMA guidelines were followed to source articles from 6 electronic databases reporting school health promotion programs or interventions in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, or the United Kingdom.RESULTSA total of 77 studies were located, representing 55 health promotion interventions delivered in primary school settings. Of these interventions, only 8 (15%) measured or attempted to measure social impact, whereas another 8 (15%) alluded to social impact. The predominant theories reported were social based theories (theories which examine the social influences on people, environments, and behaviors) (n = 17, 59%), with almost a third not informed by an overt health promotion framework or model (n = 34, 59%). A systematic rating system identified some level of stakeholder engagement (n = 30, 53%).CONCLUSIONSThis systematic review highlights the need for social impact measurement within health promotion to illuminate the role of school programs in delivering lasting change.
Impact of Developmental Disability on Frequent School Absenteeism in US Children Aged 6 to 17 Years: National Survey of Children's Health, 2016 to 2017
Authors: Stromberg Mary Harbert , Rubtsova Anna , Sales Jessica , McGee Robin 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIn the United States, approximately seven million students are chronically absent from school each year. Students with disabilities are more likely to be chronically absent than students without a disability. Using the bioecological systems theory, this study examined the impact of individual developmental disabilities and disability severity on frequent school absenteeism.METHODSThis study conducted a secondary analysis using combined data from the National Survey of Children's Health, 2016 to 2017. Bivariate relationships were examined using x2 tests, and odds ratios adjusting for individual, microsystem, and macrosystem factors were calculated using multivariable logistic regressions.RESULTSChildren with selected developmental disabilities had significantly higher odds of absenteeism compared to children without developmental disabilities. The odds of absenteeism differed between age ranges and developmental disability conditions. A dose‐response relationship was also present for certain developmental disabilities in that children with a moderate to severe condition had higher odds of absenteeism.CONCLUSIONSChildren with one or more developmental disabilities had higher odds of absenteeism compared to children with typical development. However, odds were not consistent across age, condition, or condition severity. This population may benefit from tailored school interventions to promote regular attendance and mitigate the impact of frequent school absenteeism on education.
Does waste make language?
Authors: Reno Joshua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn Thurlow's (2022) paper in this journal, he offers an innovative approach to combining discard studies and sociolinguistics. Many of the examples are about language creating waste in different ways. In this response, I explore the opposite possibility—that is, how waste could be said to create language in turn. I do so with specific attention to how sociolinguistics can be approached through what cannot be said (taboo) and who cannot speak. As examples, I compare two seemingly unrelated yet similarly controversial and important scandals in late 20th century New York State: the pollution caused by the closed yet undisclosed landfill in Love Canal and the abuse and neglect of disabled persons at Willowbrook State School. These are not normal subjects for sociolinguistics, and the latter is not a normal one in discard studies either. Yet I argue that taking them together helps create unexpected linkages between these fields. In doing so, I argue that taking into account what goes unsaid and who cannot speak also helps reveal some of the undiscussed politics in both discard studies and sociolinguistics alike.
U Ok Hun?: The digital commodification of white woman style
Authors: Ilbury Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSociolinguistic research has increasingly explored the ways in which semiotic features are variably recruited to stylistically perform enregistered social personae. In this paper, I add to this body of work by exploring the emergence of a stereotypically feminine style and persona that is widespread in British social media. Specifically, I examine the prevalence of non‐standard spellings (e.g., <dallyn> darling, <gawjus> gorgeous), discourse features (e.g., hun, babe, u ok hun?), and characterological tropes (e.g., the life motto ‘live, love, laugh’) as indexical representations of a particular type of classed, gendered, and ethnic identity in a corpus of Instagram memes. I demonstrate that these features have become enregistered as a characterological figure of a British working‐class White woman—the Hun—that is stylistically deployed as a digital commodity register. Concluding, I emphasise the need for research to engage more fully with stylisation and commodification in social and digital media interaction.
Sleep apnea and the risk of dementia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Guay‐Gagnon Martin , Vat Sopharat , Forget Marie‐France , Tremblay‐Gravel Maxime , Ducharme Simon , Nguyen Quoc Dinh , Desmarais Philippe 
Published: April 2022

SummarySleep apnea (SA) is potentially a modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, its associations to specific aetiologies of dementia remain uncertain. A systematic review and meta‐analysis of cohort studies investigating the association between sleep apnea and specific aetiologies of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), vascular dementia (VaD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) was performed. The use of biomarkers to support clinical diagnoses in eligible studies was collected. Eleven studies were included, comprising 1,333,424 patients. Patients with sleep apnea had an increased risk of developing any type of neurocognitive disorder (HR: 1.43 [95% CI 1.26–1.62]), Alzheimer's disease (HR: 1.28 [95% CI 1.16–1.41]), and Parkinson's disease (HR: 1.54 [95% CI 1.30–1.84]). No statistically significant association was found for vascular dementia. One study reported a two‐fold increased risk for Lewy body dementia (HR: 2.06 [95% CI 1.45–2.91]). No studies investigated the risk for frontotemporal dementia and none of the studies reported results pertaining to biomarkers. Sleep apnea is associated with a significantly increased risk of dementia, particularly for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, but not for vascular dementia. Future studies should look at the impact of sleep apnea on specific dementia biomarkers.
Adverse childhood experiences and sleep difficulties among young adult college students
Authors: Albers Larisa D. , Grigsby Timothy J. , Benjamin Stephanie M. , Rogers Christopher J. , Unger Jennifer B. , Forster Myriam 
Published: April 2022

SummaryAlthough adverse childhood experiences (traumatic events such as maltreatment and household dysfunction) are associated with increased risk for sleep difficulties among adults, the association between adverse childhood experiences and poor sleep health among young adult college populations is understudied. This study examined the adverse childhood experience–sleep health (self‐reported sleep difficulty and diagnosis of insomnia or “other” sleep disorder) association among college students. Data are from the 2018/2019 American College Health Association‐National College Health Assessment II (ACHA‐NCHA‐II) survey administered at public universities in California (n = 3606) and Texas (n = 407). Logistic regression models investigated the relative effect of adverse childhood experiences (maltreatment only, household dysfunction only, and maltreatment + household dysfunction) on three sleep health indicators. Approximately 40% of the sample reported adverse childhood experiences: 11% maltreatment only, 14% household dysfunction only, and 17% both. Compared with students with no adverse childhood experience history, students who reported only household dysfunction or only maltreatment had higher odds of experiencing sleep difficulty in the past year [adjusted odds ratios: 1.52–2.40; 95% confidence intervals: 1.26–2.97]. Additionally, students who reported maltreatment only had 2.47 times the odds of receiving an insomnia diagnosis [95% confidence interval: 1.52, 4.01]. However, students who reported both had higher odds of all three sleep health indicators: past‐year sleep difficulty, insomnia diagnosis, and “other” sleep disorder diagnosis [adjusted odds ratios: 2.53–3.10; 95% confidence intervals: 1.51–4.66]. Sleep is an important facet of health among the college student population, and plays a crucial role in overall well‐being, psychosocial processes, attention and academic success. Results point toward a need for sleep health programmes and interventions on college campuses focused on healthy sleep behaviours in order to mitigate further negative health effects.
Analysis of CRISPR–Cas system and antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus coagulans isolates
Authors: Murugesan A.C. , Varughese H.S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
CRISPR–Cas system contributes adaptive immunity to protect the bacterial and archaeal genome against invading mobile genetic elements. In this study, an attempt was made to characterize the CRISPR–Cas system in Staphylococcus coagulans, the second most prevalent coagulase positive staphylococci causing skin infections in dogs. Out of 45 S. coagulans isolates, 42/45 (93·33%) strains contained CRISPR–Cas system and 45 confirmed CRISPR system was identified in 42 S. coagulans isolates. The length of CRISPR loci ranged from 167 to 2477 bp, and the number of spacers in each CRISPR was varied from two spacers to as high as 37 numbers. Direct repeat (DR) sequences were between 30 and 37, but most (35/45) of the DRs contained 36 sequences. The predominant S. coagulans strains 29/45 did not possess any antimicrobial resistant genes (ARG); 26/29 strains contained Type IIC CRISPR–Cas system. Three isolates from Antarctica seals neither contain CRISPR–Cas system nor ARG. Only 15/45 S. coagulans strains (33·33%) harboured at least one ARG and 13/15 of them were having mecA gene. All the methicillin susceptible S. coagulans isolates contained Type IIC CRISPR–Cas system. In contrast, many (10/13) S. coagulans isolates which were methicillin resistant had Type IIIA CRISPR–Cas system, and this Type IIIA CRISPR–Cas system was present within the SCCmec mobile genetic element. Hence, this study suggests that Type II CRISPR–Cas in S. coagulans isolates might have played a possible role in preventing acquisition of plasmid/phage invasion and Type IIIA CRISPR–Cas system may have an insignificant role in the prevention of horizontal gene transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes in S. coagulans species.
Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal that biobed systems can enrich for antibiotic resistance and genetic mobility genes
Authors: Russell J. N. , Yost C. K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance gene pollution in the environment has been identified as a potential contributor to the global issue of antibiotic resistance prevalence, creating a need to identify and characterize environmental reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes. Because many polluted environments have been shown to contain elevated levels of antibiotic resistance genes, agriculturally based pesticide bioremediation systems called ‘biobeds’ could serve as environmental reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes, although this has never been extensively explored. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses of an on-farm biobed system sampled before and after a season of pesticide use demonstrated that in situ pesticide applications applied to biobeds can enrich for multidrug, sulphonamide, aminoglycoside and beta-lactam resistance genes. Additionally, this study demonstrated an enrichment for genes associated with gene mobilization, such as genes involved in horizontal gene transfer and plasmid mobility, as well as transposons and integrases.
Spinel in CV chondrules: Investigating precursor legacy and chondrule thermal histories
Authors: Schnuriger Nicolas , Cartier Camille , Villeneuve Johan , Batanova Valentina , Regnault Maxence , Marrocchi Yves 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn carbonaceous chondrites, Mg‐spinel (MgAl2O4) grains are ubiquitous in refractory inclusions but rarely reported in chondrules, where they may correspond to minerals either (i) inherited from chondrule precursors or (ii) crystallized from chondrule melts. Here, we report high‐current quantitative electron microprobe measurements and secondary ion mass spectrometry oxygen isotopic analyses of Mg‐spinel‐bearing chondrules in the CV3 carbonaceous chondrites Northwest Africa 10235 and Allende. Compared to spinels in refractory inclusions, chondrule spinels are characterized by higher Cr contents and 16O‐poorer oxygen isotopic signatures (∆17O ≡ δ17O−0.52 × δ18O, from −2 to −6‰). Because the similar Δ17O values of chondrule olivine and spinel crystals imply their comagmatic origin, we applied a geothermometer based on the Al‐Cr distribution between these minerals to determine their crystallization temperatures. The calculated temperatures range from 1200 to 1640 °C (mean = 1470 °C), most being lower than the estimated liquidus temperature of porphyritic chondrules (~1600 °C). Our results suggest that chondrules experienced relatively slow cooling rates (slower than a few hundreds of °C h−1), which is in good agreement with models of chondrule formation invoking nonlinear or two‐stage cooling rates.
Hard versus soft selective sweeps during domestication and improvement in soybean
Authors: Zhong Limei , Zhu Youlin , Olsen Kenneth M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGenome scans for selection can provide an efficient way to dissect the genetic basis of domestication traits and understand mechanisms of adaptation during crop evolution. Selection involving soft sweeps (simultaneous selection for multiple alleles) is probably common in plant genomes but is under‐studied, and few if any studies have systematically scanned for soft sweeps in the context of crop domestication. Using genome resequencing data from 302 wild and domesticated soybean accessions, we conducted selection scans using five widely employed statistics to identify selection candidates under classical (hard) and soft sweeps. Across the genome, inferred hard sweeps are predominant in domesticated soybean landraces and improved varieties, whereas soft sweeps are more prevalent in a representative subpopulation of the wild ancestor. Six domestication‐related genes, representing both hard and soft sweeps and different stages of domestication, were used as positive controls to assess the detectability of domestication‐associated sweeps. Performance of various test statistics suggests that differentiation‐based (FST) methods are robust for detecting complete hard sweeps, and that LD‐based strategies perform well for identifying recent/ongoing sweeps; however, none of the test statistics detected a known soft sweep we previously documented at the domestication gene Dt1. Genome scans yielded a set of 66 candidate loci that were identified by both differentiation‐based and LD‐based (iHH) methods; notably, this shared set overlaps with many previously identified QTLs for soybean domestication/improvement traits. Collectively, our results will help to advance genetic characterizations of soybean domestication traits and shed light on selection modes involved in adaptation in domesticated plant species.
Givenness, ‘Mystery,’ and the Question of Nature and Grace: Reading Marion with the Help of Josef Pieper
Authors: Lahaie Myka S.H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis essay argues that Jean‐Luc Marion’s theology of nature and grace provides a lens through which to assess his entire project. It considers his thought with attention to the nouvelle théologie movement and issues that arise for a contemporary theology of nature and grace—focusing on the question of a shared human ‘nature.’ The article demonstrates how problematic emphases of Marion’s phenomenological account of the self’s givenness mirror a conflation of nature and grace in his explicitly theological work. It then points briefly to what Marion’s project might gain through the intervention of a key insight from Josef Pieper’s The Silence of St. Thomas. Marion and Pieper engender two versions of apophaticism with divergent approaches to the mystery of our shared human nature. In the light of this, I show how Pieper offers a corrective to Marion’s theology that could make his overall project a better resource for theologians. The analysis results in a constructive proposal for approaching nature and grace through dialogical engagement with the disciplines of phenomenology and theological metaphysics.
A new approach to zip‐lignin: 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoate is compatible with lignification
Authors: Unda Faride , Mottiar Yaseen , Mahon Elizabeth L. , Karlen Steven D. , Kim Kwang Ho , Loqué Dominique , Eudes Aymerick , Ralph John , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: April 2022

Summary

Renewed interests in the development of bioenergy, biochemicals, and biomaterials have elicited new strategies for engineering the lignin of biomass feedstock plants. This study shows, for the first time, that 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoate (DHB) is compatible with the radical coupling reactions that assemble polymeric lignin in plants.

We introduced a bacterial 3‐dehydroshikimate dehydratase into hybrid poplar (Populus alba × grandidentata) to divert carbon flux away from the shikimate pathway, which lies upstream of lignin biosynthesis.

Transgenic poplar wood had up to 33% less lignin with p‐hydroxyphenyl units comprising as much as 10% of the lignin. Mild alkaline hydrolysis of transgenic wood released fewer ester‐linked p‐hydroxybenzoate groups than control trees, and revealed the novel incorporation of cell‐wall‐bound DHB, as well as glycosides of 3,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA). Two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D‐NMR) analysis uncovered DHBA‐derived benzodioxane structures suggesting that DHB moieties were integrated into the lignin polymer backbone. In addition, up to 40% more glucose was released from transgenic wood following ionic liquid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis.

This work highlights the potential of diverting carbon flux from the shikimate pathway for lignin engineering and describes a new type of ‘zip‐lignin’ derived from the incorporation of DHB into poplar lignin.
Growth Prospects and the Trade Balance in Advanced Economies*
Authors: Belke Ansgar , Elstner Steffen , Rujin Svetlana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Does an improvement in growth prospects (technological news shock) lead to a fall in the trade balance? We introduce a novel news shock identification scheme and obtain in a panel vector autoregression (VAR) for the G7 countries the following results. Positive news shocks have negative effects on the trade balance in the United States and Japan. However, in other G7 countries, the effects are positive to a great extent. The differences in trade balance dynamics are mainly due to heterogeneous reactions of labour markets and wealth effects. Further, the terms of trade and exchange rate movements play an important role in explaining the results. Therefore, policy recommendations aimed at reducing the trade imbalances through productivity‐enhancing reforms in advanced economies might not entail the targeted effects.
Low levels of refractive blur increase the risk of colour misperception of red train signals
Authors: Wood Joanne M , Atchison David A , Black Alex A , Larue Grégoire S 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeRed signals signify danger in a range of situations, including train operations. Importantly, misperception of a red signal as yellow can have serious safety implications. This study investigated the effects of lens blur on incorrect colour perception of red signals, which has been implicated in previous train crashes.MethodsParticipants included 15 young (26.6 ± 4.6 years) and 15 older (55.8 ± 3.1 years) visually normal adults. Red and yellow wayside train signals were simulated for two brightness levels (dim, bright) using a custom‐built projection system. The effect of blur (best‐corrected refraction [No Blur], +0.25 DS, +0.50 DS, +0.75 DS, +1.00 DS, +1.25 DS) on the number of incorrect colour perception responses of the signals was recorded. The order of conditions was randomised between participants.ResultsFor incorrect responses to the red signal, there were significant main effects of blur (p < 0.001) and signal brightness (p < 0.001) and a significant interaction between blur and brightness (p < 0.001). The effects of blur were greater for the dim compared to the bright signals, with significantly higher colour misperceptions for the dim signal for +0.50 DS blur and higher, compared with No Blur. Colour misperceptions of the yellow signals were low compared with that of the red signals, with only +1.25 DS blur resulting in a significantly higher number of incorrect responses than No Blur (p < 0.001). There were no effects of age for the red or yellow colour misperceptions (p > 0.19).ConclusionsLow levels of blur (+0.50 DS to +1.25 DS) resulted in a significant misperception of the red signals as orange‐yellow, particularly for dim signals. The findings have implications for vision testing and refractive correction of train drivers to minimise the possibility of colour misperception of red train signals.