bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renal recovery after acute kidney injury in a minority population of hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Authors: Sarwal Amara , Gomez Edgar , Perez-Gutierrez Victor , Carlos Alex , Afzal Afsheen , Sivakumar Mangai , Rabah Sami , Kasubhai Moiz , Gnanasekaran Isaiarasi , Menon Vidya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to characterize survivors of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and acute kidney injury (AKI) that recover their renal function or progress to acute kidney disease (AKD) on discharge; and determine factors associated with progression to AKD during hospital stay.
One thousand seventy four patients with COVID-19 infection were followed up until discharge/death. The incidence of AKI was 59.7%. Two hundred and sixty-six patients were discharged alive and included in the analysis, 71.8% had renal recovery (RR) while 28.2% were discharged with AKD. The AKD subset has higher rate of chronic kidney disease (CKD) ≥3 (33.4% vs 14.1%, P = .001), congestive heart failure (18.7% vs 5.8%, P = .001), use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (10.7% vs 3.7%, P = .026) and vasopressors (25.3% vs 12.0%, P = .007). Of 19 patients in the AKI survivor cohort who received renal replacement therapy, 1 had RR while 18 progressed to AKD on discharge. Predictors to progression to AKD were CKD ≥3 (Odds Ratio [OR]: 3.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59-6.56, P = .001), congestive heart failure (OR: 4.59, 95% CI 1.76-11.78, P = .002), AKI on admission (OR: 2.71, 95% CI, 1.14-6.46, P = .025), and ongoing diarrhea (OR: 3.19, 95% CI, 1.02-9.96, P = .025).
This study demonstrates a higher proportion of RR among survivors of COVID-19 infection in our minority predominant cohort. Early identification and appropriate management of patients at-risk to progress to AKD could improve outcomes, reduce long term sequalae of CKD/end stage renal disease, and have a major impact on health outcome and financial strain on healthcare system.
Demographic predictors of treatments and surgical complications of lumbar degenerative diseases
Authors: Al Jammal Omar M. , Shahrestani Shane , Delavar Arash , Brown Nolan J. , Gendreau Julian L. , Lien Brian V. , Sahyouni Ronald , Diaz-Aguilar Luis Daniel , Shalakhti Omar S. , Pham Martin H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This was a national database study.
To examine the role of comorbidities and demographics on inpatient complications in patients with lumbar degenerative conditions.
Degenerative conditions of the lumbar spine account for the most common indication for spine surgery in the elderly population in the United States. Significant studies investigating demographic as predictors of surgical rates and health outcomes for degenerative lumbar conditions are lacking.
Data were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample from 2010 to 2014 and International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification codes were used to identify patients with a primary diagnosis of degenerative lumbar condition. Patients were stratified based on demographic variables and comorbidity status. Multivariate regression analyses were used to determine whether any individual demographic variables, such as race, sex, insurance, and hospital status predicted postoperative complications.
A total of 256,859 patients were identified for analysis. The rate of overall complications was found to be 16.1% with a mortality rate of 0.10%. Female, Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander patients had lower odds of receiving surgical treatment compared to White patients (P<.001). Medicare and Medicaid patients were less likely to be surgically managed than patients with private insurance (OR = 0.75, 0.37; P<.001, respectively). Urban hospitals were more likely to provide surgery when compared to rural hospitals (P < .001). Patients undergoing fusion had more complications than decompression alone (P < .001). Females, Medicare insurance status, Medicaid insurance status, urban hospital locations, and certain geographical locations were found to predict postoperative complications (P < .001).
There were substantial differences in surgical management and postoperative complications among individuals of different sex, races, and insurance status. Further investigation evaluating the effect of demographics in spine surgery is warranted to fully understand their influence on patient complications.
Effects of low-FODMAP diet on irritable bowel symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Gu Baijian , Yu Zhe , Shi Chong , Yan Chengqiu , Chen Bixin , Zhou Jianhua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease whose etiology is not yet fully understood, and their course is characterized by periods of exacerbation and remission. In quite a few cases, actual disease remission may also accompany with inflammatory bowel disease (IBS)-like symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence, and diarrhea, may greatly impact quality of life. An army of strong evidence to support the FODMAPs diet (LFD) compounds as an effective dietary approach to IBS treatment. However, there is no significant evidence showing the effectiveness of LFD in treating quiescent IBD and its side effects; this lack of evidence is also an important factor hindering its promotion in the treatment of IBD and its complications. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis will evaluate the efficacy and safety of LFD in the treatment of quiescent IBD patients with IBS-like symptoms.

Method:
We searched the following databases from their establishment until December 2021: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases. No restrictions regarding publication date or language were applied. Keywords such as “Crohn’s disease,” “ulcerative colitis,” “inflammatory bowel disease,” and “FODMAPs” have been combined for search. Ongoing and unpublished research in the Clinical Trials Registry Research will also be included. At the same time, we will manually search all reference lists from relevant systematic reviews for other eligible studies. The selected studies were randomized controlled clinical trials. We will meta-analyze the selected literature by Review Manager software (REVMAN v5.4 Cochrane Collaboration). Two researchers will independently review the research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessments. Finally, we will observe the outcome measures.

Results:
This study will provide evidence-based data for TFD treatment of IBD and provide new treatment options for future clinical applications.

Ethics and dissemination:
The protocol of the systematic review does not require ethical approval because it does not involve humans. This article will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.

Registration Number:
INPLASY202220060
Comparative efficacy and safety of glyburide, metformin, and insulin in treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Jing , Tu Rong-zu , Hong Xun-yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
The increased prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has caused a huge societal economic and healthy burden at both the population and individual levels. We aimed to assess the comparative efficiency and safety of the use of glyburide, metformin, and insulin in GDM from a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
Two individual researchers conducted the platform searches on the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to February 2022. Literature retrieving was carried out through a combined searching of subject terms (“MeSH” on PubMed and “Emtree” on “Embase”) and free terms on the platforms of PubMed and Embase, and through keywords searching on platform of Cochrane Library. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the data will be performed in STATA13.0 software according to the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Two authors independently performed the literature searching, data extraction, and quality evaluation. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for randomized controlled trials.

Results:
The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis will provide a comprehensive analysis and synthesis that can be used as an evidence map to inform practitioners and policy makers about the effectiveness of glyburide, metformin, and insulin for patients with GDM.
Risk factors for mortality from sepsis in an intensive care unit in Ecuador
Authors: Vélez Jorge W. , Aragon Davi C. , Donadi Eduardo A. , Carlotti Ana P.C.P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To investigate risk factors for mortality from sepsis in an intensive care unit (ICU) in Quito-Ecuador and their association to adherence to Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommendations.
Prospective cohort study of patients with severe sepsis/septic shock admitted to the ICU of a public Ecuadorian hospital from March, 2018 to March, 2019. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and outcome data were collected from patients’ health records. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to ICU survival or death. Log-binomial regression models were used to identify risk factors for mortality.
In total, 154 patients were included. Patients who died in the ICU (n = 42; 27.3%) had higher sequential organ failure assessment score (median 11.5 vs 9; P<.01), more organ dysfunction (median 4 vs 3; P<.0001), and received greater volumes of fluid resuscitation in the first 6 hours (median 800 vs 600 mL; P = .01). Dysfunction of > 2 organs was a risk factor for mortality (relative risks [RR] 3.80, 95% CI 1.33-10.86), while successful early resuscitation (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.15-0.70), successful empirical antibiotic treatment (RR 0.38, 95%CI 0.18-0.82), and antibiotic de-escalation (RR 0.28, 95%CI 0.13-0.61) were protective factors.
Dysfunction of >2 organs was a risk factor for mortality from sepsis while successful early resuscitation and appropriate antibiotic treatment were protective.
Comparison of the outcomes of hemorrhoidectomy and PPH in the treatment of grades III and IV hemorrhoids
Authors: Zhang Chaojie , Zhang Weiping , Xu Jian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To investigate the clinical effect and outcome of traditional hemorrhoidectomy and procedures for prolapse and hemorrhoid (PPH) for the treatment of grades III and IV hemorrhoids.
We retrospectively reviewed 1003 grades III and IV hemorrhoid patients who presented to our hospital. A total of 585 patients underwent PPH, and 418 patients underwent hemorrhoidectomy. The outcomes were 1-year recurrence, postoperative complications, surgery-related complications, and indicators.
No significant difference between the 2 treatment groups regarding patient demographics. All patients underwent more than 12months of postoperative follow-up. No significant difference between the 2 treatment groups in 1-year recurrence. PPH can markedly improve anal pain, postoperative bleeding, difficult urination, and postoperative resting anal pressure. The operative blood loss, operative time, wound healing time, and wound infection rates were decreased significantly in the PPH group compared with the traditional hemorrhoidectomy group.
Our data suggest that PPH is useful and safe for grades III and IV hemorrhoids. It can reduce postoperative and surgery-related complications. However, this was a single-hospital retrospective study. Therefore, well-designed, multicenter, randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the value of PPH for grades III and IV hemorrhoids.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome triggered by marked cytokine storm in a subject with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Horiya Megumi , Anno Takatoshi , Shigemoto Ryo , Koyama Katsumasa , Kawasaki Fumiko , Tomoda Koichi , Kaku Kohei , Kaneto Hideaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury. Many causes of acute direct and indirect lung injury have been described as possible initiators of ARDS. According to the literature data, ARDS could be a rare complication associated with the acute onset of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Moreover, it has been suggested that cytokine release during DKA is involved in the above-mentioned acute clinical complications of DKA.

Patientconcerns:
A 48-year-old Japanese woman with a 4-year history of type 1 diabetes mellitus was brought to an emergency room with symptoms of deteriorated consciousness. Three days before, she was diagnosed with influenza A infection.

Diagnosis:
Inflammation markers were markedly elevated and she was under DKA condition. Since her respiratory conditions were suddenly and markedly aggravated 2 days later, we diagnosed her as ARDS and continued systemic management with the ventilator.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) level was markedly elevated at the onset of ARDS, although IL-6 level was high at the onset of DKA. ARDS was suggested to be caused by marked cytokine storm and DKA.

Interventions:
We continued to treat her hyperglycemic crises. Moreover, we continued systemic management with the ventilator.

Outcomes:
Approximately three weeks later, her general conditions were stabilized and ventilator management was stopped. We successfully treated her ARDS and hyperglycemic crises.

Lessons:
This case is very important because it shows that DKA can induce cytokine storm, which leads to the onset of ARDS. Therefore, monitoring various cytokines such as IL-6, which are associated with ARDS during the period of treatment of DKA is beneficial.
Effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation for treatment of plantar fasciitis
Authors: Kurtoglu Alper , Kochai Alauddin , Inanmaz Mustafa Erkan , Sukur Erhan , Keskin Dogan , Türker Mehmet , Sen Zafer , Daldal Ismail , Avan Laçin Yüksel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain. Pain can be persistent in some patients and interrupt daily activities and sportive activities. There are a lot of treatment options available for plantar fasciitis. We hypothesized that patients with chronic persistent plantar fasciitis can be successfully treated with radiofrequency nerve ablation (RFNA).
Two hundred sixty-one patients with plantar fasciitis (378 feet) treated with RFNA from February 2017 to January 2019 were retrospectively assessed. All the patients had plantar heel pain for at least 6months. Based on their body mass index (BMI), the enrolled patients were divided into obese (BMI ≥ 30kg/m2) and non-obese (BMI < 30kg/m2) groups. The patients were asked to complete a questionnaire just before and after the procedure and during the final follow-up. The BNS Radiofrequency Lesion Generator was used during a single session. The patients’ information, including their visual analogue scale (VAS) score and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, was assessed. During their final follow-up, the patients were asked to rate the success of their treatment by choosing one of the following options: completely successful, very successful, moderately successful, marginally successful, or not successful.
The VAS and AOFAS scores of all the patients were evaluated pre-procedure, in the first month after procedure, and during the final follow-up (8-24 months). There was a statistically significant difference between the pre-procedure and postprocedure VAS scores (P < .001), there was no statistically significant difference between the VAS scores in the first month postprocedure and during the final follow-up.
There was a statistically significant difference between the pre-procedure and postprocedure AOFAS scores (P < .001), there was no statistically significant difference between the AOFAS scores in the first month postprocedure and during the final follow-up.
RFNA can be used as an alternative method to surgical procedures for treating plantar fasciitis because it is safe and effective. The advantages of RFNA are that patients can quickly return to their work and resume weight-bearing activities.
Serum antiphospholipid antibody status may not be associated with the pregnancy outcomes of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization
Authors: Tan Xiao-Fang , Xu Li , Li Ting-Ting , Wu Yan-Ting , Ma Wei-Wei , Ding Jia-Yi , Dong Hong-Li 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease that is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. It is still controversial whether the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in the serum of patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) has a negative effect on the outcomes. In view of the discrepancies, a meta-analysis of the published data was performed to explore the relationship of aPL and IVF-ET outcomes.

Methods:
We searched for all published articles indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, which were retrieved up to April, 2021. A total of 921 studies were yielded, of which 6 finally met the inclusion criteria. We carried out the meta-analysis by pooling results of these studies with Review Manager 5.3 software. The effect index was measured with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the relative risks (RRs).

Results:
Six eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis, involving 3214 patients. Our results showed that positive aPL was not associated with decreased clinical pregnancy rate (RR 0.97; 95% CI 0.91-1.04). There was no correlation between positive aPL and increased miscarriage risk (RR 1.22; 95% CI 0.94-1.58). Only 5 of the 6 studies referred to live birth rate, but still no association was found between them (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.81-1.11).

Conclusions:
The results showed that the presence of positive aPL neither decreased clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate, nor increased miscarriage rate in women undergoing IVF, which is differed from the opinion of clinical practice. More prospective studies with high quality and larger sample size are needed to evaluate the relationship between positive aPL and outcomes of IVF-ET.
Real-life Progression of the Use of a Genetic Panel in to Diagnose Neonatal Cholestasis
Authors: Ito Shogo , Togawa Takao , Imagawa Kazuo , Ito Koichi , Endo Takeshi , Sugiura Tokio , Saitoh Shinji 
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
The study aimed to construct an advanced gene panel to ascertain the genetic etiology of patients with neonatal/infantile intrahepatic cholestasis (NIIC), and test patients with NIIC in a clinical setting.

Methods:
From the group of NIIC patients, whom we had previously tested with our old 18-gene panel from May 2013 to September 2017 but could not establish a definitive diagnosis, we included 191 in the retrospective reanalysis group for this study. Additionally, we recruited 124 patients with NIIC into a prospective analysis group from October 2017 to October 2019. Cholestasis was defined as a serum direct bilirubin level >1.0 mg/dL. We constructed a 61-gene panel for targeted next-generation sequencing of the patients.

Results:
In the retrospective reanalysis group, we found mutations in ABCC2, MPV17, NPC1, CFTR, NR1H4, or CYP27A1 in 10 (5.2%) of the 191 patients. In the prospective analysis group, 33 (26.6%) of the 124 patients had a causative mutation in JAG1, NOTCH2, ABCC2, SLC25A13, ABCB11, POLG, NPC1, CFTR, ATP8B1, or ABCB4. The top 3 genetic diagnoses were of Alagille syndrome, neonatal Dubin-Johnson syndrome, and neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency, which together constitute 78.8% of the genetic causes of cholestasis in Japan. We also identified 3 genotypes associated with Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 in the retrospective reanalysis group.

Conclusions:
The advanced NIIC gene panel successfully uncovered molecular genetic etiologies of NIIC not only in the reanalysis group but also in the prospective cohort. Crigler-Najjar syndrome type 2 patients may be included along with NIIC patients.
Brief Report: Use of Remnant Specimens to Assess Use of HIV PrEP Among Populations With Risk of HIV Infection: A Novel Approach
Authors: Pathela Preeti , Qasmieh Saba , Gandhi Monica , Rozen Elliot , Okochi Hideaki , Goldstein Harris , Herold Betsy C. , Jamison Kelly , Schillinger Julia A. , Nash Denis 
Published: March 2022

Background:
HIV-uninfected persons being evaluated for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may be good HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) candidates. We measured PrEP use in a sentinel STI patient population.

Design:
Cross-sectional study, New York City Sexual Health Clinics (January 2019–June 2019).

Methods:
Remnant serum samples from 644 HIV-uninfected men who have sex with men (MSM) and 97 women diagnosed with chlamydia, gonorrhea, and/or early syphilis were assayed for tenofovir and emtricitabine levels using a validated liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry assay. Using paired test results and medical records, we assessed (1) prevalence and (2) correlates of PrEP use on the day of STI diagnosis (adjusted prevalence ratios [aPRs]).

Results:
PrEP use among 741 patients was 32.7% [95% confidence interval (CI): 29.3 to 36.0]; 37.3% for MSM and 2.1% for women. PrEP use was high among White MSM (46.8%) and lowest among women. Among MSM with rectal chlamydia/gonorrhea or early syphilis, PrEP use was associated with age [aPR = 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2 to 2.4) for ages 25–34 years and aPR = 2.0 (1.4 to 2.9) for ages 35–44 years, vs. 15 to 24 years]; number of recent sex partners [aPR = 1.4 (1.0 to 2.0) for 3–5 partners, aPR = 2.1 (1.5 to 3.0) for 6–10 partners, aPR = 2.2 (1.6 to 3.1) for >10 partners, vs. ≤2 partners]; having sex/needle-sharing partners with HIV [aPR = 1.4 (1.1–1.7)]; and inconsistent condom use [aPR = 3.3 (1.8–6.1)]. Race/ethnicity, past-year STI diagnosis, and postexposure prophylaxis use were not associated.

Conclusions:
One in 3 people with newly diagnosed STIs had detectable serum PrEP, and PrEP use was exceedingly rare among women. Routinely collected remnant samples can be used to measure PrEP use in populations at high risk of HIV acquisition.