bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency in sequential testing: Comparing the sequential probability ratio test and the sequential Bayes factor test
Authors: Stefan Angelika M. , Schönbrodt Felix D. , Evans Nathan J. , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a sequential hypothesis test, the analyst checks at multiple steps during data collection whether sufficient evidence has accrued to make a decision about the tested hypotheses. As soon as sufficient information has been obtained, data collection is terminated. Here, we compare two sequential hypothesis testing procedures that have recently been proposed for use in psychological research: Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT;Psychological Methods, 25(2), 206–226, 2020) and the Sequential Bayes Factor Test (SBFT;Psychological Methods, 22(2), 322–339, 2017). We show that although the two methods have different philosophical roots, they share many similarities and can even be mathematically regarded as two instances of an overarching hypothesis testing framework. We demonstrate that the two methods use the same mechanisms for evidence monitoring and error control, and that differences in efficiency between the methods depend on the exact specification of the statistical models involved, as well as on the population truth. Our simulations indicate that when deciding on a sequential design within a unified sequential testing framework, researchers need to balance the needs of test efficiency, robustness against model misspecification, and appropriate uncertainty quantification. We provide guidance for navigating these design decisions based on individual preferences and simulation-based design analyses.
The Completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: The Damped Lyα Systems Catalog
Authors: Chabanier Solène , Etourneau Thomas , Le Goff Jean-Marc , Rich James , Stermer Julianna , Abolfathi Bela , Font-Ribera Andreu , Gonzalez-Morales Alma X. , de la Macorra Axel , Pérez-Ràfols Ignasi , Petitjean Patrick , Pieri Matthew M. , Ravoux Corentin , Rossi Graziano , Schneider Donald P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present the characteristics of the damped Lyα (DLA) systems found in data release DR16 of the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The DLAs were identified using the convolutional neural network of Parks et al. (2018). A total of 117,458 absorber candidates were found with 2 ≤ z
DLA ≤ 5.5 and

19.7
≤
log
(
N
(

H

I

)

/

cm

−
2

)
≤
22

, including 57,136 DLA candidates with

log
(
N
(

H

I

)

/

cm

−
2

)
≥
20.3

. Mock quasar spectra were used to estimate the DLA detection efficiency and the purity of the resulting catalog. Restricting the quasar sample to bright forests, i.e., those with mean forest fluxes

f

λ

¯

>
2
×

10

−
19

W

m

−
2

nm

−
1

, the efficiency and purity are greater than 90% for DLAs with column densities in the range

20.1
≤
log
(
N
(

H

I

)

/

cm

−
2

)
≤
22

.
The Evidence-based Effect of Platelet-rich Fibrin in Osteogenesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Idulhaq Mujaddid , Mudigdo Ambar , Utomo Pamudji , Wasita Brian 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Background: Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is a growth factor concentration functioning as an initiator of wound healing and bone regeneration, and it is mainly reported in dentistry rehabilitation and rejuvenation.
Objective: summarize and analyze the evidence based on the effect of PRF on the bone osteogenesis
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on the bibliographic databases or Medical Subject Headings in the PubMed. The search was conducted among articles that were published between 2010 and 2021. Required article information was extracted from each article by abstract and full paper availability that focuses on the Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF) And Osteogenesis. We recruited studies with the design was employed clinical trials with in vitro and in vivo approaches. The only study that provided osteogenesis outcome proceeded to the quantitative analysis.
Results: Regarding literature search and screening processes, it yielded 24 studies for qualitative assessment and eleven studies for quantitative analysis. Most of the studies performed a combination of PRF with other materials such as Mg ring, BMSCs, Gold nanoparticles, and PDLSCs. It showed that PRF combined with other materials enhanced the osteogenic ability. The assessment of PRF only showed the various result in multiple outcome markers. For the ALP, the mean difference is 1.40 [1.14-1.67] p-value 0.001. It indicates there is a significant effect of PRF application with the increase of ALP. For the RUNX2, there is a significant effect of PRF application with the increase of RUNX2 1.10 [0.93, 1.26]. For OCN, the mean difference of PRF in OCN is 0.77 [0.43, 1.12] p=0.001. It showed a significant effect of PRF application with the increase of OCN. There is also a significant effect of PRF application for TRAP with the declining number of TRAP is -1.59 [-2.96, -0.22] p=0.001.
Conclusion: PRF combined with other materials showed more promising results rather than PRF only. Moreover, in the assessment of PRF only, it was found that PRF has a significant effect in accelerating bone osteogenesis.
Keywords:
PRF, Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Osteogenesis
Two new species of the genus Anufrievia Dworakowska (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae) from karst region of southwest China
Authors: Yuan Zhouwei , Zhang Ni , Song Yuehua 
Published: March 2022

The leafhopper genus Anufrievia was established by Dworakowska with A. rolikae Dworakowska as its type species. They are widely distributed in China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Nepal, India, Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam.
Two new species, A. ventricosa sp. nov. and A. unianxialis sp. nov., found in the karst area of Guanling and Shibing City, Guizhou Province, China are described and illustrated. The key to the identification of the specie of this genus is given.
Auto-tooth bone graft material for reconstruction of bone defects in the oral region: case reports
Authors: Kanazirski Nikolay , Kanazirska Petya 
Published: March 2022

We present some clinical cases of autogenous tooth graft - a modern method in which the extracted teeth are processed into a demineralised dentin matrix (DDM) and are then immediately transplanted into the post-extraction sockets or bone defects.
We included patients with jaw lesions due to chronic inflammatory conditions, cystic formations, or peri-implantitis. After removing the pathological processes and tissues, we performed curettage with an Er-YAG laser and treated the bone structures in the borderline area. Then auto-tooth bone (ATB) graft material was applied. The clinical results showed favourable wound healing and good bone integration of implants. Radiological studies showed stimulation and acceleration of bone regeneration with alveolar crest resorption of graft material of no more than 10%. Histological examination found new bone formation which was induced by the osteo-inductive material.
On the basis of the clinical outcomes and the favourable healing process with a very good bone integration of the DDM, we can recommend this method as an option for bone defect reconstruction. The satisfactory quantity (up to 3 grams per molar) and quality of the demineralised dentin matrix determine a relatively low cost of bone grafting.
Lysophospholipid Metabolism and Signalling&nbsp;in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Papadopoulos Charalambos , Tentes Ioannis , Papazoglou Dimitrios , Anagnostopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: March 2022

Non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) constitutes a global health pandemic. It is estimated that about 25% of the world&rsquo;s population suffers from NAFLD. In the long-term, a subgroup of the patients can develop inflammation and fibrosis. The end result in some cases is cirrhosis and even liver-related death. The epidemiology and natural history of NAFLD lead to extreme financial costs.&nbsp;
To date, there is no approved treatment for NAFLD. Lipotoxicity has been proposed to be one of the main regulators of the implicated molecular pathomechanisms. Research has been focused on the role of cholesterol, free fatty acids and ceramides. Nevertheless, lysophospholipids, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) have emerged as potential contributors to NAFLD/NASH. Finally, the metabolism of other lysophospholipids, such as lysophosphatidylserine (LPSer), lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), and lysocardiolipin (LCL), has come to light in the context of NAFLD. In this review, we try to summarize the current knowledge regarding the potential of lysophospholipid signalling and metabolism as therapeutic targets and biomarkers in NAFLD and/or NASH.
Faire charnière entre l’État et les professions. Fabrique des réformes managériales et mobilisations professionnelles
Authors: Aust Jérôme , Gozlan Clémentine 
Published: February 2022

Depuis plus de trente ans, les réformes managériales ont restructuré les relations entre l’État et les groupes professionnels. Ces réformes ont fait l’objet de nombreux travaux de sociologie des professions et de l’État ; ils en décrivent les conséquences sur le travail professionnel et en éclairent la genèse. La participation des professionnels à la fabrique des réformes de leur secteur d’activité est cependant un angle mort de cette littérature. En empruntant cette notion à Andrew Abbott, cet article propose de considérer les réformes managériales comme des charnières entre l’État et les professions. Cette perspective renouvelée offre un autre éclairage sur le rôle des professionnels dans l’élaboration et la contestation des réformes afférant à leur secteur d’activité et révèle la pluralité des formes d’investissement professionnel des réformes managériales.
Les inspecteurs au rapport. Recomposition de l’identité des contrôleurs autour d’un instrument d’action publique (1959-2021)
Authors: Demonteil Marion 
Published: February 2022

L’article analyse le processus de différenciation de la fonction d’inspection de l’administration centrale à partir du cas des inspections de la Culture. Inscrit dans la théorie écologique des professions, il met en évidence ce que la professionnalisation des inspecteurs, à l’œuvre dans les années 1990-2000, doit à des luttes internes à l’État. Le rapport d’inspection est ici considéré comme une charnière entre des juridictions tenues par de hauts fonctionnaires dirigeants et des inspecteurs en cours de professionnalisation : ressource politique, il permet aux uns d’attester de la rationalité des orientations données à leurs programmes d’action et de leur indépendance vis-à-vis de considérations extérieures à l’intérêt général ; artefact d’un travail intellectuel, il permet aux autres de s’affirmer comme détenteurs d’un savoir professionnel abstrait, de donner à voir leur capacité d’inférence à travers la déclinaison de diagnostics et préconisations opérationnelles.
Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor, Caregiver Version: Screening for Post–Intensive Care Syndrome
Authors: Wang Sophia , Jawed Yameena , Perkins Anthony , Gao Sujuan , Seyffert Sarah , Khan Sikandar , Boustani Malaz , Khan Babar 
Published: March 2022

Background
Cognitive impairment is common in intensive care unit survivors, pointing to the potential utility of a caregiver-based tool to screen for post–intensive care syndrome.

Objective
To validate the Healthy Aging Brain Care Monitor, Caregiver Version (HABC-M CG), as a caregiver-based tool to screen for post–intensive care syndrome.

Methods
A total of 116 patients who survived a stay in the intensive care unit completed standardized assessments of cognition, psychological symptoms, and physical functioning, and their caregivers completed the HABC-M CG. The Cronbach α was used to measure the internal consistency of the scale items. Validity of the HABC-M CG versus comparison tests was measured using the Spearman rank correlation. Generalized linear models were used to adjust for age, sex, and education level.

Results
The total scale and all subscales of the HABC-M CG showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.88-0.93). Scores on the psychological subscale correlated with standardized measures of depressive symptoms (Spearman ρ = 0.58). Scores on the cognitive subscale correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination score (Spearman ρ = −0.33). Scores on the functional subscale correlated with scores on the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (Spearman ρ = −0.36).

Conclusion
The HABC-M CG is a valid informant-based clinical tool for the assessment of symptoms of post– intensive care syndrome.
Arrhythmia and its risk factors post myocardial infarction
Authors: Sharma Rajinder , Chowdhary Ishfaq , Sharma Ankita 
Published: February 2022

Objectives:
To determine the occurrence of arrhythmia and its associated risk factors in the first week after acute myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods:
A total of 100 patients with acute MI were recruited, who were followed up for one week to determine the occurrence of arrhythmia and its association with electrolyte disturbances, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and demographic factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify significant risk factors of arrhythmia.

Results:
Among 100 cases, arrhythmia was seen in 27 patients. Sinus tachycardia was the commonest, followed by ventricular premature beats and sinus bradycardia. Ejection fraction, serum calcium and magnesium were significantly different between non-arrhythmia and arrhythmia patients (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ejection fraction was an independent significant risk factor of arrhythmia. Patients with ejection fraction >40% had a significantly lower risk of arrhythmia with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.22 (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.64).

Conclusions:
Arrhythmia is common in the first week after myocardial infarction. The type of arrhythmia and the type of block may depend on the heart muscles involved during myocardial infarction. Ejection fraction is a risk factor that may affect the occurrence of arrhythmia.
Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine versus Propofol in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Transnasal Transsphenoidal Pituitary Tumor Resection
Authors: Abdallah Maha Younis Youssef , Khafagy Yasser Wafik , AbdAllah Mohamed Younes Yousef 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Dexmedetomidine is associated with good perioperative hemodynamics together with decreased opioid requirements. Furthermore, propofol has been used to achieve hypotensive anesthesia as a part of total intravenous anesthesia.

Aims:
This study was performed to compare dexmedetomidine and propofol on the adequacy of hypotensive anesthesia during transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 110 cases were included in this prospective randomized study. They were randomized into two equal groups; Group D commenced on Dexmedetomidine, and Group P, which received propofol. Comparing intraoperative hemodynamic parameters and the Boezaart Bleeding Scale was our primary outcome. The secondary outcomes included isoflurane and propranolol consumption, recovery, postoperative analgesic profile.

Statistical Analysis:
IBM's SPSS Statistics (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for Windows (version 25, 2017) was used for the statistical analysis of the collected data. Shapiro–Wilk test was used to check the normality of the data distribution. The quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation, whereas the categorical variables were expressed as frequency and percentage. Independent sample t and Mann − Whitney tests were used for the comparison of parametric and nonparametric continuous data, respectively. For pair-wise comparison of data (within-subjects), the follow-up values were compared to their corresponding basal value using the paired samples t-test or Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. Fisher exact and Chi-square tests were used for inter-group comparison of nominal data using the crosstabs function.

Results:
Age, gender, body mass index, and systemic comorbidities did not significantly differ between the two groups. Furthermore, heart rate and blood pressure were comparable at baseline, during operation, and after extubation. Boezaart score, blood loss, isoflurane, and propranolol consumption were also comparable between the two groups. Group D expressed significantly longer emergence and extubation times than Group P. Nevertheless, cases in the same group expressed lower Visual Analog Scale values and postoperative analgesic requirements.

Conclusion:
Although Dexmedetomidine and propofol are associated with comparable intraoperative hemodynamic changes, the former drug appears to be superior regarding pain control, postoperative analgesic requirement.
Prospective Randomized Study Comparing the Usefulness of Dexmedetomidine versus Esmolol in Blunting Hemodynamic Responses to Intubation in Surgical Patients
Authors: Roy Roniya Ann , Kesavan Rajesh , Rajan Sunil , Kartha Niveditha , Kumar Lakshmi 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Sympathetic response due to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation though transient, could be life-threatening in patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases.

Aim of the Study:
The aim of this study is to assess the effects of dexmedetomidine and esmolol on the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery.

Settings and Design:
Prospective, randomized study conducted in a tertiary care center.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty patients were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Group A received 0.5 mcg.kg−1 dexmedetomidine and Group B 0.5 mg.kg−1 esmolol infusions over 10 min. All patients were induced with propofol 2 mg.kg−1 followed by succinylcholine 2 mg.kg−1 and intubated. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at different time points.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and paired t-test.

Results:
Baseline HR was statistically different in both groups. There was significant decrease in percentage change in baseline HR in Group A compared to Group B at preinduction (20.44% ± 10.82%, 13.63% ± 11.84%), before intubation (23.49 ± 12.62, 13.95 ± 14.86), and 7 min after intubation (14.65 ± 12.62, 6.80 ± 16.11). Percentage change in HR remained comparable in all other time points. Baseline MAP was comparable between the groups. Percentage change from baseline of MAP was significantly higher in Group B before intubation. All other time points MAP were comparable. The incidence of hypotension was comparable in both groups.

Conclusions:
Both dexmedetomidine and esmolol suppressed the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation, but dexmedetomidine was more effective than esmolol in maintaining hemodynamic stability.
Disseminated Histoplasmosis in HIV patients- Case series from a single tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Arora Sumit , Ashta Kuldeep K. , Hashmi Syed Asif , Arun N. , Dudani Sharmila 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
HIV-positive patients are at risk of developing various opportunistic infections, including disseminated histoplasmosis, the incidence of which is 29% in India. Diagnosis is usually delayed as the clinical manifestations are diverse and mimic other common diseases endemic to this region such as tuberculosis and visceral leishmaniasis. This leads to preventable morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods:
We carried out a retrospective data analysis of 1280 HIV positive patients' who were on treatment at our centre between 2016 and 2020., of which 8 cases of confirmed histoplasmosis were identified. The clinicopathological spectrum and outcomes of these patients were analyzed and presented as a case series.

Results:
The median age of patients was 39.5 years. In six out of eight patients, disseminated histoplasmosis was the initial presentation of HIV. Fever, weight loss, macular-papular skin lesions, bicytopenia, and respiratory system involvement were the most common clinical manifestations. Pulmonary lesions included patchy areas of consolidation, miliary nodules, and pleural effusion. Gastrointestinal symptoms were uncommon. In six out of eight patients, CD4 count was <50/mm3. The median CD4 count and median HIV RNA at presentation were 21.5 per mm3 (interquartile range [IQR]: 12–54) and 2.98 × 105 copies/ml (IQR: 1.24 × 104–5.33 × 106), respectively. Diagnosis in all cases was made by direct visualization of the fungus on biopsy. Most patients responded to L-amphotericin or itraconazole. Three out of eight patients expired due to septic shock following disseminated disease.

Conclusion:
A high index of clinical suspicion along with early institution of therapy is essential to reduce mortality.
Study of Relationship between Bone Mineral Density in Ipsilateral Proximal Femur and Severity of Osteoarthritis of Knee
Authors: Anand Vijender , Gupta Ajay , Sethi Satyaranjan , Kumar Sushil 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:
Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common rheumatic disease that is characterized by degradation of articular cartilage, subchondral bone alteration, meniscal degeneration, synovial inflammatory response, and overgrowth of bone and cartilage. In severe OA, the reduced mobility caused by pain can increase bone loss and reduction of bone mineral density leading to osteoporosis.

Objective:
To examine the possible relationship between severity of osteoarthritis (OA) and bone mineral density (BMD) by evaluating the bone mineral density in ipsilateral proximal femur and radiographic grading of knee OA in the Indian population.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional observational study, 100 subjects diagnosed with OA knee using ACR criteria were enrolled. Severity of OA knee was assessed using Kellgren-Lawrence scale (1 to 4) on weight-bearing radiographs. The BMD, T-score, and Z-score of the ipsilateral proximal femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to test the association of severity of OA knee with BMD.

Results:
Among 100 subjects, there were 51 females and 49 males with mean age 59.94 ± 6.67. Maximum patients were with K-L grade 2 (42%) followed by grade 3 (30%) and grade 4 (22%). There was statistically significant (p < 0.0001) association between BMD and severity of OA knee. BMD decreased as the K-L grade of OA knee increased from 1 to 4. Similar statistically significant association was observed in T-score and Z-score.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that BMD of ipsilateral proximal femur decreases with severity of OA knee. These data support the fact that the two conditions may be related to each other and primary care physicians must look for these two conditions in coexistence. Primary prevention of either of the two conditions should be advised, if the other condition coexists in the same patient.