bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Effective Lead Ion Adsorption by Manganese-Dioxide-Supported Core-Shell Structured Magnetite
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Chen Shiyong , Shan Yuhua , Qian Xiaoqing , Yang Yanju , Wang Juanjuan 
Published: May 2022

In this research, a magnetic core-shell composite, consisting of a Fe3O4 core and a silica shell (called Fe3O4@SiO2), was developed and then functionalized via MnO2 grafting at different MnO2 deposition levels (termed Fe3O4@SiO2-MnO2). The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, a vibration sample magnetometer, transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, zeta-potential studies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Visualizations showed that Fe3O4@SiO2-MnO2 had a magnetite core with size of 100 nm, overlaid by a rough silica shell and a relatively loose MnO2 deposition. The Pb(II) adsorption onto the composites was also assessed. It was found that MnO2 deposition on the Fe3O4@SiO2 surface enhanced Pb(II) adsorption, and the Pb(II) adsorption amount was highly correlated to the MnO2 deposition level. The adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the adsorption rate could be decreased by increasing the initial concentration of Pb(II). A higher pH resulted in enhanced Pb(II) adsorption, which slightly increased with the coexistence of Na+ and Ca2+, along with the presence of dissolved humic acid. The adsorbent could easily be separated and recovered under the action of the external magnetic component and it displayed stable adsorption behaviour over four adsorption-desorption periods. The results emphasize the high potential of Fe3O4@SiO2-MnO2 materials for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) in water.
Association of PTPN22 SNP1858 (rs2476601) and Gene SNP1123 (rs2488457) Polymorphism With Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies and Trial Sequential Analysis
Authors: Tian Haokun , Xu Weikai , Wen Lequan , Tang Lirui , Zhang Xinyuan , Song Tiangang , Yang Changsen , Huang Peng 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Systematic review of the association of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene 1858 and 1123 sites single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with the susceptibility of primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).Method: Database searched includes PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data. The retrieval period is from the establishment of the database to 30 June 2021. After screening articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted and methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software. The combined OR value and its 95%CI were calculated. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were performed. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed using TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software.Results: A total of 10 studies with 10 articles were included, with a total of 932 cases and 2,112 controls. The results of meta-analysis showed that for SNP1858, the susceptibility of TT genotype to ITP was 5.01 times higher than CC genotype [95%CI (1.81, 13.86), p = 0.002]. For SNP1123, G allele carriers were more susceptible to ITP than C allele carriers [OR = 1.23, 95%CI (1.05, 1.45), p = 0.01], and GG genotype carriers were 1.51 times more susceptible to ITP than CC genotype carriers [95%CI (1.11, 2.06), p = 0.009]. Although the results are statistically significant, the results of sensitivity analysis showed certain limitations of stability, and the TSA analysis still indicated the possibility of false positive. No significant publication bias was observed.Conclusion: PTPN22 gene SNP1858 (rs2476601) and SNP1123 (rs2488457) polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to primary immune thrombocytopenia. Due to the limitation of the number and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
The Long-Term and Short-Term Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chu Xianjing , Niu Lishui , Xiao Gang , Peng Haiqin , Deng Fuxing , Liu Zhiyuan , Wu Honghua , Yang Lei , Tan Zhuguilong , Li Zhanzhan , Zhou Rongrong 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAlthough immunotherapy has been widely used, there is currently no research comparing immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMs). This meta-analysis addresses a gap in the comparison of immunotherapy efficacy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chemotherapy (CT), radiotherapy (RT), and ICI combined CT or RT.MethodsA search of Pubmed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrial.gov was conducted to identify studies which enrolled NSCLC patients with BM treated with ICIs. The outcomes consisted of intracerebral overall response rate (iORR), intracerebral disease control rate (iDCR), extracranial overall response rate (EORR), distant brain failure (DBF), local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 3160 participants from 46 trials were included in the final analysis. Patients treated with immunotherapy were associated with a longer PFS (0.48, 95%CI: 0.41-0.56), and a longer OS (0.64, 95%CI: 0.60-0.69) compared with immunotherapy-naive patients. In prospective studies, dual ICI combined CT and ICI combined CT achieved a better OS. The hazard ratio (HR) of dual ICI combined CT versus dual ICI was 0.61, and the HR of ICI combined CT versus ICI monotherapy was 0.58. Moreover, no statistical difference in PFS, OS, EORR, iORR, iDCR, and EDCR was found between patients with ICI monotherapy and ICI combined cranial radiotherapy. Concurrent ICI combined RT was shown to decrease the rate of DBF (OR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03-0.73) compared with RT after ICI. Patients treated with WBRT might have an inferior efficacy than those with SRS because the iORR of SRS was 0.75 (0.70, 0.80) and WBRT was 0. Furthermore, no obvious difference in PFS and OS was observed among the three different types of ICI, which targets PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4, respectively.ConclusionsPatients treated with ICI got superior efficacy to those without ICI. Furthermore, dual ICI combined CT and ICI combined CT seemed to be optimal for NSCLC patients with BM. In terms of response and survival, concurrent administration of SRS and ICI led to better outcomes for patients with BMs than non-concurrent or non-SRS.Importance of the StudyIn the new era of immunotherapy, our meta-analysis validated the importance of immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastases (BMs). By comparing the long-term and short-term impacts of various regimens, all immunotherapy treatments had superior efficacy to immunotherapy-naive. At the same time, through pairwise comparison in immunotherapy, our findings can help clinicians to make treatment decisions for NSCLC patients with BMs.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=269621, identifier CRD42021269621.
The Time Course of Quadriceps Strength Recovery After Total Knee Arthroplasty Is Influenced by Body Mass Index, Sex, and Age of Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Paravlic Armin H. , Meulenberg Cécil J. , Drole Kristina 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionFor patients with osteoarthritis who have undergone total knee arthroplasty (TKA), quadriceps strength is a major determinant of general physical function regardless of the parameters adopted for functional assessment. Understanding the time course of quadriceps strength recovery and effectiveness of different rehabilitation protocols is a must. Therefore, the aim of this study was to: (i) determine the magnitude of maximal voluntary strength (MVS) loss and the time course of recovery of the quadriceps muscle following TKA, (ii) identify potential moderators of strength outcomes, and (iii) investigate whether different rehabilitation practices can moderate the strength outcomes following TKA, respectively.DesignGeneral scientific databases and relevant journals in the field of orthopedics were searched, identifying prospective studies that investigated quadriceps’ MVS pre-to post-surgery.ResultsSeventeen studies with a total of 832 patients (39% males) were included. Results showed that in the early post-operative days, the involved quadriceps’ MVS markedly declined, after which it slowly recovered over time in a linear fashion. Thus, the greatest decline of the MVS was observed 3 days after TKA. When compared to pre-operative values, the MVS was still significantly lower 3 months after TKA and did not fully recover up to 6 months following TKA. Furthermore, a meta-regression analysis identified that the variables, time point of evaluation, patient age, sex, and BMI, significantly moderate the MVS of the quadriceps muscle.ConclusionThe analyzed literature data showed that the decrease in strength of the involved quadriceps muscles following TKA is considerable and lasts for several months post-surgery. Therefore, we recommend to specifically target the strengthening of knee extensor muscles, preserve motor control, and apply appropriate nutrition to ensure a holistic quadriceps muscle recovery. Since age, sex, and BMI were found to be moderating factors in patients’ recovery, further research should include specific analyses considering these moderators.
Digitizing the Informed Consent Process: A Review of the Regulatory Landscape in the European Union
Authors: De Sutter Evelien , Meszaros Janos , Borry Pascal , Huys Isabelle 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundRapid technological advancements are reshaping the conduct of clinical research. Electronic informed consent (eIC) is one of these novel advancements, allowing to interactively convey research-related information to participants and obtain their consent. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of establishing a digital, long-distance relationship between research participants and researchers. However, the regulatory landscape in the European Union (EU) is diverse, posing a legal challenge to implement eIC in clinical research. Therefore, this study takes the necessary steps forward by providing an overview of the current regulatory framework in the EU, relevant to eIC.MethodsWe reviewed and analyzed the key EU regulations, such as the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Clinical Trials Regulation (CTR). We investigated the legality of eIC in several EU Member States, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. To this end, we contacted the medicines agencies of various countries to clarify the national requirements related to the implementation and use of eIC in clinical research. Our research was complemented by comparing the legal acceptance of eIC between the EU and the United States.ResultsIn the EU, a distinction must be made between eIC for participation in clinical research and eIC for processing the participants’ personal data, complying respectively with requirements laid down by the CTR and the GDPR. On a national level, countries were classified into three groups: (1) countries accepting and regulating the use of eIC, (2) countries accepting the use of eIC without explicitly regulating it, and (3) countries not accepting the use of eIC. As a result, the regulation of eIC through laws and guidelines shows a large variety among EU Member States, while in the United States, it is harmonized through the Code of Federal Regulations.ConclusionVarious requirements must be considered when implementing eIC in clinical research. Nevertheless, requirements across the EU Member States may differ significantly, whereas, in the United States, efforts have already been made to achieve a harmonized approach.
Identification of Four Novel Prognostic Biomarkers and Construction of Two Nomograms in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Multi-Omics Data Study via Bioinformatics and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Yi Xiaochun , Wan Yueming , Cao Weiwei , Peng Keliang , Li Xin , Liao Wangchun 
Published: May 2022

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an orphan tumor which has poor prognoses. Therefore, it is of urgent need for us to find candidate prognostic biomarkers and provide clinicians with an accurate method for survival prediction of ACC via bioinformatics and machine learning methods.Methods: Eight different methods including differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, survival analysis, expression level comparison, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to identify potential prognostic biomarkers for ACC via seven independent datasets. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), and time-dependent ROC were performed to further identify meaningful prognostic biomarkers (MPBs). Cox regression analyses were performed to screen factors for nomogram construction.Results: We identified nine hub genes correlated to prognosis of patients with ACC. Furthermore, four MPBs (ASPM, BIRC5, CCNB2, and CDK1) with high accuracy of survival prediction were screened out, which were enriched in the cell cycle. We also found that mutations and copy number variants of these MPBs were associated with overall survival (OS) of ACC patients. Moreover, MPB expressions were associated with immune infiltration level. Two nomograms [OS-nomogram and disease-free survival (DFS)-nomogram] were established, which could provide clinicians with an accurate, quick, and visualized method for survival prediction.Conclusion: Four novel MPBs were identified and two nomograms were constructed, which might constitute a breakthrough in treatment and prognosis prediction of patients with ACC.
Effects of Skin Stimulation on Sensory-Motor Networks Excitability: Possible Implications for Physical Training in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Ceccanti Marco , Cambieri Chiara , Libonati Laura , Tartaglia Giorgio , Moret Federica , Garibaldi Matteo , Inghilleri Maurizio 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundMany different trials were assessed for rehabilitation of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with non-unique results. Beside the effects on muscle trophism, some of the encouraging results of physical training could be ascribed to the modulation of cortical excitability, which was found hyperexcited in ALS.ObjectiveThe effects of tactile skin stimulation in the modulation of the sensory-motor integrative networks in healthy subjects were assayed through the paired associative stimulation (PAS) protocol.MethodsIn total, 15 healthy subjects were enrolled. In the standard PAS session, the average amplitude of the motor evoked potential (MEP) after 10 stimuli of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was measured at the baseline and after the PAS protocol (0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min). In the skin stimulation session, the average amplitude of the MEP was measured before and after 10 min of skin stimulation over the hand. Subsequently, each subject underwent the PAS stimulation and the measure of the average amplitude of the MEP (0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min).ResultsThe tactile skin stimulation on healthy subjects increases the PAS-induced sensory-motor network hyperexcitability in healthy subjects.ConclusionSkin stimulation should be avoided in the physiotherapeutic approaches for patients with ALS, given the possible hyperexciting effects on the already upmodulated sensory-motor networks. They can be taken into account for diseases characterized by downregulation of cortical and transcortical networks.
The Preoperative Diagnostic Performance of Multi-Parametric Quantitative Assessment in Rectal Carcinoma: A Preliminary Study Using Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Zhu Kexin , Chen Zhicheng , Cui Lingling , Zhao Jinli , Liu Yi , Cao Jibin 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveSynthetic MRI (SyMRI) can reconstruct different contrast-weighted images(T1, T2, PD) and has shorter scan time, easier post-processing and better reproducibility. Some studies have shown splendid correlation with conventional mapping techniques and no degradation in the quality of syMRI images compared with conventional MRI. It is crucial to select an individualized treatment plan based on the preoperative images of rectal carcinoma (RC). We tried to explore the feasibility of syMRI on T, N stage and extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) of rectal cancer.Materials and MethodsA total of 100 patients (37 females and 63 males) diagnosed with rectal carcinoma were enrolled. All the patients underwent preoperative pelvic MR examinations including conventional MR sequence and synthetic MRI. Two radiologists evaluated the MRI findings of each rectal carcinoma and EMVI score in consensus. The values for T1, T2 relaxation times and PD value were measured in tumor(ROI-1) and pararectal fat space(ROI-2) and analyzed independently. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed. Correlations between the T1, T2 and PD values and EMVI score were also evaluated.ResultsCompared with the normal rectal wall, the values of T1 and T2 relaxation times of the tumor were significantly higher (P &lt;0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the PD value (P &gt;0.05). As for ROI, the ROI of pararectal fat space(ROI-2) had better significance than rectal cancer lesion (ROI-1). T2 value of ROI-1 and T1 value of ROI-2 were higher in the pEMVI positive group than in the negative group (P=0.002 and 0.001) and T1 value of ROI-2 had better performance with an AUC of 0.787, (95% CI:0.693- 0.882). T1 value, T2 value and PD value from ROI-2 were effective for both T and N stage of rectal cancer. High-grade pathological stage had showed higher T1 value (PT stage=0.013,PN stage=0.035), lower T2 value (PT stage=0.025,PN stage=0.034) and lower PD value (PT stage=0.017). We also enrolled the characteristics with P &lt; 0.05 in the combined model which had better diagnostic efficacy. A significant positive correlation was found between the T1 value of pararectal fat space(ROI-2) and EMVI score (r value = 0.519, P&lt;0.001). The T2 value(r=0.213,P=0.049) and PD value(r=0.354,P=0.001) from ROI-1 was correlated with EMVI score. Correlation analysis did not show any significant associations between T2 value of tumor, T2, PD values of pararectal fat space and EMVI scores.ConclusionSynthetic MRI can provide multi-parameter quantitative image maps with a easier measurement and slightly shorter acquisition time compared with conventional MRI. The measurement of multi-parametric quantitative values contributes to diagnosing the tumor and evaluating T stage, N stage and EMVI. It has the potential to be used as a preoperative diagnostic and grading technique in rectal carcinoma.
LncRNAs as Theragnostic Biomarkers for Predicting Radioresistance in Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Ping , Xing Wenmin , Ren Qian , Wang Qin , Yan Jing , Mao Genxiang 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundRadioresistance is the major obstacle after cancer radiotherapy. The dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was closely related the radioresistance response. This meta-analysis was aimed to interpret the relationship between lncRNAs and radiotherapy responses in different cancers.MethodThe studies were selected from databases including PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar, PMC, and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). The publication time was limited to before March 20, 2021. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval were calculated with random-effects models. Subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias were also conducted.ResultTwenty-seven lncRNAs in 14 cancer types were investigated, in which 23 lncRNAs were upregulated and four lncRNAs were downregulated. Dysregulation of these lncRNAs were found to be related to radioresistance response. The pooled HR and 95% confidence interval for the combined up-regulated lncRNAs was 1.73 (95% CI=1.50-2.00; P&lt; 0.01) and down-regulated lncRNAs was 2.09 (95% CI= 1.60-2.72; P&lt; 0.01). The HR values of the subgroup analysis for glioma (HR= 2.22, 95% CI= 1.79-2.74; p&lt; 0.01), non-small cell lung cancer (HR=1.48, 95% CI=1.18-1.85; P&lt;0.01), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HR=4.26; 95% CI= 1.58-11.46; P&lt; 0.01), and breast cancer (HR=1.29; 95% CI= 1.08-1.54; P&lt; 0.01) were obtained. Moreover, the expression of lncRNAs was significantly related to overall survival of patients no matter if the sample size was &gt;50 or not. In addition, the HR values of the subgroup analysis for lncRNA H19 (HR=2.68; 95% CI= 1.92-3.74; P &lt;0.01), lncRNA FAM201A (HR=2.15; 95% CI= 1.15-3.99; P &lt;0.01), and lncRNA HOTAIR (HR=1.22; 95% CI= 0.98-1.54; P =0.08) were also obtained.ConclusionLncRNAs can induce cancer radioresistance by regulating cell death-related signaling pathways. Results indicated that lncRNAs, especially lncRNA H19, FAM201A, and HOTAIR, could be considered as a predictive theragnostic biomarker to evaluate radiotherapy response.
Fermented Dairy Food Intake and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liang Zhi , Song Xiaobiao , Hu Jiang , Wu Riga , Li Pengda , Dong Zhenyu , Liang Lu , Wang Jijun 
Published: May 2022

It was highly controversial whether fermented dairy foods protect against colorectal cancer (CRC) because of conflicting results from current human epidemiologic studies; we therefore conducted this meta-analysis based on the case–control and cohort studies to estimate the holistic analyses. Finally, a total of seven case–control studies and ten cohort studies comprising a total of &gt;20,000 cases were incorporated in the quantitative synthesis. Specifically, statistical evidence of significantly decreasing CRC risk in case–control studies was found to be associated with cheese intake (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.82–0.97). In a subgroup analysis, cheese intake was correlated with lower colon cancer (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.79–1.00) and rectal cancer (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.74–1.00) risk in case–control studies. Furthermore, we also found that the higher intake of yogurt may lower the risk of rectal cancer (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.65–0.88) in cohort studies. The consumption of fermented dairy foods may be relevant to decrease CRC risk in this meta-analysis.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021269798, CRD42021269798.