bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment with femoro-femoral venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in traumatic tracheal injury: a case report
Authors: Ko Haein , Oh Sang Gi , Lee Kyo Seon , Song Sang Yun , Kim Do Wan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTraumatic tracheal injury is a rare type of trauma. In this type of injury, catastrophes may occur owing to a failure to secure the patient's airway. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is rescue therapy available for the treatment of urgent cardiorespiratory distress until the patient's vital signs have stabilized. The various applications of ECMO configurations have expanded the scope for this therapy.Case presentationWe describe the case of a 66-year-old man with tracheal rupture with thyroid cartilage fracture due to cultivator handle who was treated with veno-venous ECMO. This case reflects the role and limitations of veno-venous ECMO, in which patient survival was possible with a bi-femoral configuration while also ensuring a clear airway. ConclusionWe shared our experience with bi-femoral veno-venous ECMO as a therapeutic option to contribute to choosing an appropriate approach. Based on our review of the literature, the present case was an uncommon report of survival after tracheal rupture due to trauma without other complications.
Synergistic antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of resveratrol and polymyxin B against Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Qi Lin , Liang Rongxin , Duan Jingjing , Song Songze , Pan Yunjun , Liu Hui , Zhu Mingan , Li Lian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bacterial infection caused by Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a tricky problem in clinical practice. In recent years, lots of efforts have been made the treatment this type of bacterial infection. Polymyxins, which usually act as the available antibiotic for otherwise untreatable Gram-negative bacteria, can also be useful for the treatment of Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. However, current pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) data on polymyxins suggest that polymyxin monotherapy is unlikely to generate reliably efficacious plasma concentrations. Also, polymyxin resistance has been frequently reported, especially among Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which further narrows the availability of polymyxins in clinical practice. A strategy for improving antimicrobial properties of polymyxins and preventing the development of polymyxin resistance is the use of polymyxins in combination with other agents. Indeed, it is increasingly being used clinically. In this study, we have demonstrated that resveratrol, a compound that can be well tolerated by human body, has synergistic effect with polymyxin B on antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities, which suggests that it may be an ideal partner for the combination therapy of polymyxin B against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Engaging stakeholders to identify gaps and develop strategies to inform evidence use for health policymaking in Nigeria.
Authors: Eboreime Ejemai , Ogwa Oluwafunmike , Nnabude Rosemary , Aluka-Omitiran Kasarachi , Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi , Orji Nneka , Eluwa Achama , Ezeokoli Adaobi , Rotimi Aanu , Eze Laz Ude , Offiong Vanessa , Odu Ugochi , Okonkwo Rita , Umeh Chukwunonso J. C , Ilika Frances , Oreh Adaeze , Adams Faith Nkut , Okpani Ikedichi Arnold , Ogundeji Yewande , Obi Felix Abrahams , Badejo Okikiolu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:
Recent efforts to bridge the evidence-policy gap in low- and middle-income countries has seen growing interest from key audiences such as government, civil society, international organizations, private sector players, academia, and media. One of such engagements was a two-day virtual participant-driven unconference (the convening) in Nigeria. The aim of the convening was to develop strategies for improving evidence use in health policy. The convening witnessed a participant blend of health policymakers, researchers, political policymakers, philanthropists, global health practitioners, program officers, students and the media.
Methods:
In this study, we analyzed conversations at the convening with the aim to disseminate findings to key stakeholders in Nigeria. The recordings from the convening were transcribed and analyzed inductively to identify emerging themes, which were interpreted, and inferences drawn.
Results:
A total of 630 people attended the convening. Participants joined in from 13 countries. Participants identified poor collaboration between researchers and policymakers, poor community involvement in research and policy processes, poor funding for research and inequalities as key factors inhibiting the use of evidence for policymaking in Nigeria. Strategies proposed to address these challenges include the use of participatory and embedded research methods, leveraging existing systems and networks, advocating for improved funding and ownership for research, and the use of context-sensitive knowledge translation strategies.
Conclusion:
Overall, better interaction among the various stakeholders will improve the evidence generation, translation and use in Nigeria. A road map for dissemination of findings from this unconference has been developed for implementation across the strata of the health system.
Immediate psychological impact on healthcare workers, general population and affected individuals of SARS and COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheung Teris , Cheng Calvin Pak Wing , Fong Tommy Kwan Hin , Sharew Nigussie Tadesse , Anders Robert L , Xiang Yu-Tao , Lam Simon Ching , Working-Group SR-Nursing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Any infectious diseases outbreak may lead to negative detrimental psychological impact to individuals and community at large, however; there was no systematic review nor meta-analysis that examined the relationship between early stages of infectious disease outbreaks and mental health in Asia. Methods/design: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases from 1/1/2000 to 1/6/2020. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we analyzed the psychological impact on confirmed/suspected cases, healthcare workers and the general public during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak and Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemics. Primary outcomes included prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, aggression, sleeping problems and psychological symptoms. Result: Twenty-three eligible studies (N=27,325) were included. Random effect model was used to analyze the data using STATA. Of these studies, 11 were related to the SARS outbreak and 12 related to COVID-19 outbreaks. The overall prevalence rate of anxiety during SARS and COVID-19 was 37.8% (95% CI: 21.1- 54.5, P<0.001, I2 = 96.9%) and 34.8% (95% CI: 29.1- 40.4), respectively. For depression, the overall prevalence rate during SARS and COVID-19 was 30.9% (95% CI: 18.6-43.1, P<0.001, I2 = 97.3%) and 32.4% (95% CI: 19.8-45.0, P<0.001, I2 = 99.8%), respectively. The overall prevalence rate of stress was 9.4% (95% CI: -0.4 -19.2, P = 0.015, I2 = 83.3%) and 54.1% (95% CI: 35.7- 72.6, P<0.001, I2 = 98.8%) during SARS and COVID-19, respectively. The overall prevalence of PTSD was 15.1% (95% CI: 8.2-22.0, P < 0.001) during SARS epidemic, calculated by random-effects model (P < 0.05), with significant between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 93.5%).Conclusion: The SARS and COVID-19 epidemics have brought about high levels of psychological distress to individuals. Psychological interventions and contingent digital mental health platform should be promptly established nationwide for continuous surveillance of the increasing prevalence of negative psychological symptoms. Health policymakers and mental health experts should jointly collaborate to provide timely, contingent mental health treatment and psychological support to those in need to reduce the global disease burden.
Isorhamnetin improves cognitive impairment of Alzheimer’s disease through Sirt1/AKT/ERK/CREB signaling pathway
Authors: ying li , Rong-Wei Zhang , Sha Sha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Isorhamnetin (IH), a flavonoid, has extensive pharmacological activities including anti-inflammation and antioxidation. However, the effects of IH in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are not very clear. This study investigates the effect and mechanism of IH in the pathological process of AD. Four-month-APP/PS1 mice were treated with IH in 50 mg/kg/d for 3 months. Morris water maze and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect whether IH could improve AD pathology. The mechanisms of IH improving AD pathology were detected by Western blot. The results indicated that IH improved the memory impairment of APP/PS1 mice by decreasing the time of escape latency as well as increasing the times of crossing the platform. Moreover, IH significantly reduced senile plaques deposition in the brain and increased the expression of ADAM10 in APP/PS1 mice through activating Sirt1/AKT/ERK/CREB pathway. Furthermore, IH reduced ROS formation, GP91 expression, upregulated the expression of SOD1 and Nrf2. Moreover, IH inhibited astrocytes activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α release. In conclusion, IH improved cognitive function, inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation response in AD. Therefore, we suggest that IH may be considered as a potential drug for AD treatment.
Effect of Nitrogen Application Level on Cotton Yield and Fibre Quality- Results from Recent Trials in Australia
Authors: Sluijs Marinus H van der , Weaver Timothy B 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
A recent extensive review showed that the effect of Nitrogen application levels on fibre quality were rather varied and often inconsistent. As a consequence, trials were conducted in Australia in 2018 and 2019 in four locations using three popular high yielding commercial varieties common in the Australian system. Nitrogen was applied at application levels ranging from zero to excessive.
Results
These trials concluded that in general, the application of moderate (100 to 200 kg.ha− 1) levels of N resulted in the highest yield and produced longer, more even, and stronger fibre. N application levels also negatively affected colour and lint turn out.
Conclusions
Nitrogen plays a major role in determining the yield, lint turn out and fibre quality. However excessive application levels over 14 to 15 kg of N for each bale produced has no economic benefit and has the potential of negatively affecting yield and fibre quality.
lncHOTAIR and SNHG-7 expression in correlation to miR-34a expression in gastric cancer pathogenesis
Authors: Dehghan Mahshid , Asadi Milad , Shanehbandi Dariush , Caner Ayse , Zafari Venus , Zarehdar Habib , Virani Peyman , Farbod Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: gastric cancer (GC) is one of the common cancers with a high mortality rate and complex pathogenesis. In recent years many studies focused on the roles of non-coding RNA in GC biology. Long noncoding RNAs (lnc-RNAs) like HOTAIR and SNHG-7 are a class of non-coding RNA that can affect the cell’s biology by sponging of micro-RNAs. Recent studies reveal the relation between these lnc-RNAs and miR-34a expression which can affect various molecular pathways in malignant cells. Methods: GeneAll Trizol RNA extraction kit (Korea) was used to extract total RNA according to the supplied procedures and gene expression was evaluated. The qRT-PCR assay was performed to evaluate the expression levels of miR-34a, HOTAIR, and SNHG-7 in GC and paired marginal tissue specimens. The AUC of the ROC curve was estimated based on their expression in GC and gastric normal tissues to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy.Results: Expression levels of miR-34a were higher in adjacent marginal samples compared to GC tissue samples. We noted significantly higher levels of HOTAIR expression in GC samples compared to non-tumor adjacent tissue samples and the expression of HOTAIR in GC tissues was negatively correlated with mir-34a. Similarly, we noted GC tissue samples showed higher levels of SNHG-7 expression and that SNHG-7 expression was negatively correlated with mir-34a. Regarding the clinicopathological factors, miR-34a expression was lower in patients with advanced GC, while enhanced expression of HOTAIR and SNHG-7 was noted in these patients. Conclusion: Our findings suggested that miR-34a, HOTAIR, and SNHG-7 expression levels have high potential as diagnostic markers for discriminating GC patients from normal cases. In Addition, there is a negative correlation between miR-34a with two other genes which suggests the regulatory effects of HOTAIR and SNHG-7 on miR-34a.
Distinctive origin and evolution of endemic thistle of Korean volcanic island: structural organization and phylogenetic relationships with complete chloroplast genome
Authors: Kim Bongsang , Lee Yujung , Koh Bomin , Jhang So Yun , Lee Chul Hee , Kim Soonok , Chi Won-Jae , Cho Seoae , Yu Jaewoong , Kim Heebal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Unlike other Cirsium in Korea, Cirsium nipponicum (Island thistle) is distributed only on Ulleung Island, a volcanic island off the east coast of the Korean Peninsula, and a unique thistle with none or very small thorns. Although many researchers have questioned the origin and evolution of C. nipponicum, there is not much genomic information to estimate it. We thus assembled the complete chloroplast of C. nipponicum and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Cirsium. The chloroplast genome was 152,586 bp, encoding 133 genes consisting of 8 rRNA genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 88 protein-coding genes. We found 833 polymorphic sites and eight highly variable regions in chloroplast genomes of six Cirsium species by calculating nucleotide diversity, as well as 18 specific variable regions distinguished C. nipponicum from other Cirsium. As a result of phylogenetic analysis, C. nipponicum was closer to C. arvense and C. vulgare than native Cirsium in Korea: C. rhinoceros and C. japonicum. These results indicate that C. nipponicum is likely introduced through the north Eurasian root, not the mainland, and evolved independently in Ulleung Island. This study contributes to further understanding the evolutionary process and the biodiversity conservation of C. nipponicum on Ulleung Island.
Allied Health Professionals’ Perceptions of Research in the United Kingdom National Health Service: a survey of research capacity and culture
Authors: Comer Christine , Collings Richard , McCracken Alison , Payne Carol , Moore Ann 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
With growing recognition of the importance of research in allied healthcare, the new Health Education England (HEE) research strategy articulates a need to transform Allied Health Professional (AHP) identities, culture and roles. An understanding of current AHP research capacity and culture is first required.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey targeted AHPs working in NHS health and social care settings across the United Kingdom. The validated Research Capacity and Culture tool was modified and distributed through research and professional networks. Aggregate median scores for perceived research success were categorised as adequate, more than, or less than adequate.
Results
Of 3344 participants, 3145 identified as HEE-defined AHP. Individual- and organisation-level research success was perceived as adequate (median scores 4 (IQR 2 to 6); 4 (IQR 2 to 7) respectively). Team-level research success was rated less than adequate (median score 2 (IQR 1–5)).
Conclusions
In the UK, AHPs working in NHS health and social care perceive individual and organisational level research skill/success to be adequate. In contrast, inadequacies in research skill/support at team level were exposed, which may hinder successful integration of allied health research into everyday health and social care practice. Recommendations are made with reference to the HEE AHP strategy.
Morphological and structural network analysis of sporadic AD brains based on the ApoE4 gene
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhu Meng-Zhuo , Lu Jing , Dai Wen-Zhuo , Ni Jian-Ming , Li Rong , Ma Tao , Zhu Xi-Chen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasingly common type of dementia that presents a heavy economic and social burden. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a strong risk factor for AD. Here, we explored alterations in grey matter structure and networks in AD, as well as the effects of the ApoE ε 4 allele on neuroimaging regions based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI).MethodsPatients with AD and healthy controls who visited the Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, from July 2020 to March 2021 were enrolled and grouped according to ApoE ε 4 allele carrying status. All subjects underwent an sMRI scan. Grey matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness were calculated using voxel-based morphological analysis, and structural networks were constructed based on graph theory analysis to compare differences between AD and normal controls.Results(1) Compared with the control group, the volumes of grey matter in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, right limbic lobe, right frontal lobe, left anterior cingulate gyrus, and bilateral olfactory cortex of patients with AD were significantly decreased. GMV was moderately correlated with MMSE scores in patients with AD and in controls. (2) Compared with the controls, the cortical thickness in patients with AD was significantly reduced in the left lateral occipital lobe, inferior parietal lobe, orbitofrontal region, precuneus, superior parietal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, pars opercularis gyrus, insular gyrus, superior marginal gyrus, bilateral fusiform gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. The normal aging population having the ApoE ε 4(+) gene has more pronounced temporal lobe atrophy than non-carriers. (3) In terms of the global properties of the network, ApoE ε 4(+) AD shows a more random topology than ApoE ε 4(-) AD. In terms of local properties, there were significant differences between the AD and control groups in these areas, including the right bank, right temporalis pole, bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right transverse temporal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, and left parahippocampal gyrus.ConclusionThere were significant differences in the morphological and structural covariate networks between patients with AD and healthy controls. The ApoE ε 4 allele has important effects on neuroimaging and cognitive function.
Banxia Xiexin Decoction Ameliorates Cognition Deficits by Activating Autophagy-induced Clearance of Aβ in APP/PS1 Mice
Authors: Gao Chenyan , Gong Zhuoyan , Tian Meijing , Qin Gaofeng , Zheng Mingcui , He Yannan , Wang Pengwen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of the Chinese herbal compound Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) concerning autophagy in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance of AD mice is weakened by autophagy dysfunction, which is caused by excessive Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), the primary negative regulator of autophagy signaling pathway. Therefore, resuming normal autophagic modulation efficiency may promote the clearance of Aβ, which can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for AD. Many active components of BXD exert the therapeutic effects on AD to some extent, and our previous research demonstrated that treatment with BXD improves cognitive ability in APP/PS1 mice. In this study, BXD alleviates the memory and cognitive impairment in the Morris water maze (MWM) test. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot (WB) results revealed that BXD reduces hippocampal Aβ42 load in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy(TEM) showed that BXD activates autophagy by improving the ultrastructure of autophagosomes. IHC, WB, and RT-qPCR results indicated that expression of autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1 and LC3) and their mRNAs, was increased in response to BXD intervention. Finally, WB data demonstrated that BXD improved the classical pathway of autophagy by decreasing the expression of mTOR and p-mTOR, and increasing the expression of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, and p-Akt in APP/PS1 mice. We conclude that BXD improves cognitive levels of APP/PS1 mice, possibly by acting on the classic autophagy pathway, affecting protein expression of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and autophagy proteins (Beclin1 and LC3), then reducing the accumulation of Aβ42.
The Interaction Between General and Strategic Leadership and Climate on Their Cross-Level Associations with Implementer Attitudes Toward Universal Prevention Programs for Youth Mental Health: A Multilevel Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Yanchen , Cook Clay , Fallon Lindsay , Corbin Catherine , Ehrhart Mark , Brown Eric , Locke Jill , Lyon Aaron 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The education sector is one of the most common and accessible settings for universal prevention programs for youth mental health. But it suffers from suboptimal implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs). Although the organizational context (OC) contains crucial implementation factors, successful implementation ultimately resides in the behavioral and cognitive factors of individual implementers (e.g., attitudes toward EBPs). Also, emerging literature called for discerning the general and strategic types of OC factors and exploring their interaction effect on individual implementation behaviors. This study aimed to examine the cross-level associations among implementer attitudes toward EBPs and leadership and climate (general and strategic) at the individual and organizational-levels and their mechanistic interaction effect.
Methods
A series of multilevel models (MLMs) were fitted on a diverse sample of educational agencies actively implementing universal prevention programs for youth mental health (441 implementers from 52 schools). The organization-level aggregates and individual perceptions of general and strategic leadership and climate, and their interaction terms, were entered as level-2 and level-1 predictors based on their level of measurement. The outcomes are four dimensions of implementer attitudes toward EBPs (Requirement, Openness, Appeal, and Divergence).
Results
At the organizational level, higher levels of strategic leadership and climate, but not their general counterparts, were consistently associated with more favorable attitudes in all four dimensions. At the individual level, higher levels of perceived general and strategic leadership and climate were associated with more favorable attitudes of Requirement and Openness. But only general leadership and climate showed significant associations with Appeal. At the organizational-level, general climate moderated the positive effect of strategic climate on implementers' perception of appeal and divergence of EBPs.
Conclusions
Leaders supporting EBP implementation need to selectively allocate resources on strategic and/or general OC factors, because (a) the associations between implementer attitudes toward EBPs and climate and leadership varied across the level of measurement, specificity to implementation, and attitudinal dimensions; and (b) general climate moderates the effect of strategic climate on whether implementers perceive EBPs as appealing or useless. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed and extended to general youth mental health settings.