bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of pandemic and stigma effects in removal proceedings
Authors: Peacock Ian , Ryo Emily 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examines how a rapid change in social perceptions of a national‐origin group triggered by the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced immigration judges' decision‐making in US removal proceedings. Using originally compiled court data on removal proceedings decided between 2019 and 2020, we applied a difference‐in‐differences framework to produce three key findings. First, consistent with theory of event stigma, Chinese respondents experienced a significantly higher removal rate during the early pandemic period. Second, consistent with theory of associative stigma, East and Southeast (E/SE) Asian respondents also experienced a significantly higher removal rate during the early pandemic period. Third, the removal rate declined for both Chinese and E/SE respondents during the later pandemic period, but this decline was more gradual and lagged for E/SE Asian than for Chinese respondents. Finally, increases in the number of cases involving Chinese respondents increased the removal rate for E/SE Asian respondents during the early months of the pandemic. The last two findings suggest that associative or indirect stigmatization may be harder to combat than direct stigmatization owing to the implicit nature of bias underlying associative stigma. This study highlights the socially constructed nature of national origin groups, and the importance of both direct and indirect stigmatization in the production of social inequality.
Association of breastfeeding with undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in developing countries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mardani Raden Ahmad Dedy , Wu Wan‐Ru , Nhi Vo Thi , Huang Hui‐Chuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis meta‐analysis was conducted to examine the association between breastfeeding and undernutrition among children under 5 years of age in developing countries.Study designSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted of datasets from Embase, CINHAL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Indonesian databases to include eligible studies. Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis 3.0 statistical software was used to perform data entry and data analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted from each study or were calculated based on the reported number of cases and controls in each study. Random‐effects models or fixed‐effects models were used to demonstrate overall risk estimates. A moderator analysis was conducted to examine possible moderators explaining the heterogeneity across studies.FindingsIn total, 33 studies were included which examined the association of breastfeeding with undernutrition. A random‐effects model showed that breastfeeding had inverse correlations with overall undernutrition (OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68, 0.99) and the stunting type of undernutrition (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.95). A moderator analysis showed that studies which included exclusive breastfeeding and unclear birth weights had low risks of overall undernutrition (p < 0.05). Moreover, studies which included exclusive breastfeeding and adopted a case–control study design exhibited a low risk of the stunting type of undernutrition (p < 0.05).ConclusionsProviding breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding can benefit children under 5 years of age in developing countries reduce overall undernutrition and the stunting type of undernutrition.Clinical relevanceHealthcare professionals should develop and implement suitable strategies to increase awareness regarding the importance of breastfeeding and enhance breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding adherence.
Prognostic values of human epididymis protein 4 expression in patients with endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Han Li‐na , Han Yi‐wei , Yan Ping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is no consensus on the correlation between human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) and prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC). Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis to assess the relationship between HE4 and prognosis of EC.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta‐analysis, the databases were searched. Correlation of serum or tissue HE4 with clinicopathological characteristics was determined by odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI was calculated to evaluate the correlation between HE4 and survival outcome.ResultsA total of 38 published studies were eligible. We found that high levels of serum HE4 were associated with FIGO III‐IV stage (SMD = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.18–1.98, p < 0.001), grade 3 (SMD = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.39–0.93, p = 0.001), ≥50% myometrial invasion (SMD = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.58–0.99, p < 0.001), lymphovascular space invasion (SMD = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.54–1.11, p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (SMD = 1.27, 95%CI: 0.84–1.69, p < 0.001), cervical involvement (SMD = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.43–0.98, p = 0.003), parametrial involvement (SMD = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.71–1.35, p < 0.001) and peritoneal cytology (SMD = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.22–0.75, p < 0.001). High expression of tissue HE4 was only significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 6.19, 95%CI: 2.07–18.50, p = 0.001). High levels of serum HE4 were significantly associated with poor overall survival (univariate: HR = 3.77, 95%CI: 1.94–7.32, p < 0.001; multivariate: HR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.65–2.80, p < 0.001) and disease‐free survival (univariate: HR = 2.89, 95%CI: 2.14–3.88, p < 0.001; multivariate: HR = 2.31, 95%CI:1.20–2.67, p < 0.001) in EC. Compared with cancer antigen 125, serum HE4 may be a better prognostic indicator for EC.ConclusionsHigh HE4 expression is associated with poor prognosis of EC and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for EC.
Carotid plaque surface echogenicity predicts cerebrovascular events: An Echographic Multicentric Swiss Study
Authors: Sztajzel Roman F , Engelter Stefan T , Bonati Leo H , Mono Marie‐Luise , Slezak Agnieska , Kurmann Rebekka , Nedeltchev Krassen , Gensicke Henrik , Traenka Christopher , Baumgartner Ralf W , Bonvin Christophe , Hirt Lorenz , Medlin Friedrich , Burow Annika , Kägi Georg , Kapauer Monika , Vehoff Jochen , Lovblad Karl O , Curtin Francois , Lyrer Philippe A 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeTo determine the prognostic value for ischemic stroke or transitory ischemic attack (TIA) of plaque surface echogenicity alone or combined to degree of stenosis in a Swiss multicenter cohortMethodsPatients with ≥60% asymptomatic or ≥50% symptomatic carotid stenosis were included. Grey‐scale based colour mapping was obtained of the whole plaque and of its surface defined as the regions between the lumen and respectively 0‐0.5, 0–1, 0–1.5, and 0–2 mm of the outer border of the plaque. Red, yellow and green colour represented low, intermediate or high echogenicity. Proportion of red color on surface (PRCS) reflecting low echogenictiy was considered alone or combined to degree of stenosis (Risk index, RI).ResultsWe included 205 asymptomatic and 54 symptomatic patients. During follow‐up (median/mean 24/27.7 months) 27 patients experienced stroke or TIA. In the asymptomatic group, RI ≥0.25 and PRCS ≥79% predicted stroke or TIA with a hazard ratio (HR) of respectively 8.7 p = 0.0001 and 10.2 p < 0.0001. In the symptomatic group RI ≥0.25 and PRCS ≥81% predicted stroke or TIA occurrence with a HR of respectively 6.1 p = 0.006 and 8.9 p = 0.001. The best surface parameter was located at 0‐0.5mm. Among variables including age, sex, degree of stenosis, stenosis progression, RI, PRCS, grey median scale values and clinical baseline status, only PRCS independently prognosticated stroke (p = 0.005).ConclusionIn this pilot study including patients with at least moderate degree of carotid stenosis, PRCS (0‐0.5mm) alone or combined to degree of stenosis strongly predicted occurrence of subsequent cerebrovascular events.
Reviewing the intellectual structure of product modularization: Toward a common view and future research agenda
Authors: Mertens Kai G. , Rennpferdt Christoph , Greve Erik , Krause Dieter , Meyer Matthias 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProduct modularization in new product development has attracted considerable interest among scholars and practitioners from diverse fields of specialization. This has resulted in cross‐disciplinary diversity in the field, diverting attention from its overall intellectual structure and hindering the development of a common view and shared concepts. Extant research lacks an integrative review, transcending a focal discipline that could identify gaps and ambiguities while making recommendations to advance the field. Considering a period of 30 years (1990–2020), we generate a data set of 2988 citing publications to which we apply a co‐citation analysis. Thereby, we uncover the intellectual structure of the field and find three research perspectives that represent key knowledge bases: (1) product system, (2) production system, and (3) organizational system. Delimiting the data set into four periods, we can track developments over time, where we notice an increasing disintegration of the product system perspective, which is rooted in the discipline of engineering design. Within the two other perspectives, we document extensive dynamism in terms of publications, especially in the two most recent periods, indicating an active discussion and a potential receptivity to new trends. For these periods, we also identify an emerging cluster of fundamental publications and an increasing emphasis on the concept of system architecture. Leveraging the synthesis of these results, we forge links between neighboring disciplines and recommend avenues for further research, ideally to develop a more common view.
Investigating diverse sources of variation in the amount of time Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) pups spend in the water during the lactation period
Authors: Petch Shane M. , Rotella Jay J. , Link William A. , Paterson J. Terrill , Garrott Robert A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractField observations suggest that time spent in the water by Weddell seal pups during lactation varies among individuals, which could yield important developmental tradeoffs. We analyzed data from 713 pups born to 419 different mothers over 9 years to evaluate total time in the water, age at first entry, and potential sources of variation using temperature loggers attached to the rear flipper of pups. Pups first entered the water at 11–29 days of age (M = 14.9) and spent 4–204 hr (M = 69.3) in the water by 30 days of age. Age at first entry was earlier for pups with higher birth mass and mothers of above average reproductive experience. Total time in the water was related to maternal identity and greater for female pups and for pups that had higher birth mass, mothers of intermediate age, mothers that skipped reproduction in the previous year, and for pups that first entered the water at younger ages. Phenotypic traits explain observed variation in the development of a key life history behavior in the Weddell seal. Strong individual variation in time spent in metabolically costly swimming and diving might lead to variation in growth, energy stores, and survival and fitness outcomes.
Live cells are not affected by dead sperm in liquid boar semen: New insights based on a thermo‐resistance test
Authors: Quirino Monike , Jakop Ulrike , Mellagi Ana Paula Gonçalves , Bortolozzo Fernando Pandolfo , Jung Markus , Schulze Martin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of different proportions of dead spermatozoa on the quality of liquid boar semen during a thermo‐resistance test (TRT). After 3 days of storage (17°C), 54 conventional artificial insemination semen doses (~23 × 106 sperm/ml in ~88 ml of BTS) were split into three 15 ml‐treatments (25%, 50%, and 75% dead sperm cells) by mixing two subsamples containing 75% (I) and 0% (II) of live cells. Spermatozoa were evaluated after TRT at 30 (on‐test) and 300 min (off‐test) incubation at 38°C. At the on‐test, treatments of 25%, 50%, and 75% dead sperm cells showed medians for total sperm motility of 77.6%, 50.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. Considering the absolute variation of sperm motility during TRT, doses with 25% dead sperm lost more percentage points (pp) (−9.4 pp) compared to doses containing 50% (−8.2 pp) and 75% dead sperm (−4.5 pp). The lowest loss was observed for doses with 75% dead sperm (p < .01). However, data showed that treatments lost similar proportion of motile cells over the TRT: 25% dead sperm = −11.9%, 50% dead sperm = −16.0%, and 75% dead sperm = −17.5% (p = .31). Regarding the flow cytometry parameters (plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity of cells with intact plasma membrane, high degree of lipid disorder, and apoptotic cells), the absolute variations did not surpass values of −1.8, 3.4, −5.4, and 4.7 pp, respectively. Furthermore, the relative variation suggested that dead sperm did not substantially change their values over the TRT. In conclusion, dead sperm cells did not influence the quality of contemporary live cells during the period and in conditions of a TRT.
Genetic polymorphisms of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 in female elderly patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain
Authors: Campello Camilla Porto , Lima Elker Lene Santos , Fernandes Renata Silva Melo , Lemos Cleidiel Aparecido Araújo , Muniz Maria Tereza Cartaxo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimTo verify the association of the TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 polymorphisms with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain development in female elderly patients.MethodsParticipants were evaluated according to Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The genomic DNA was extracted from blood according to the Salting Out method followed by a quantification using the NanoDrop spectrophotometer. The –308G/A TNF‐α polymorphism analysis was performed by the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism technique, the determination of –174G/C IL‐6 polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction, and the evaluation of the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphism was carried out by polymerase chain reaction‐ allele‐specific amplification. Data were analyzed using the BioEstat 5.3 software.ResultsThe –308G/A TNF‐α polymorphism showed a significant difference when genotypes of cases with chronic temporomandibular disorder pain and controls were compared (p = .025). There was a lack of association regarding the –174G/C IL‐6 polymorphism (p = .286) however, a positive association between the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphism with chronic temporomandibular disorder was observed (p = .020).ConclusionThe analyzed data of elderly subjects support the possible involvement of the GA genotype of the –308G/A TNF‐α and the AA genotype of the –1082A/G IL‐10 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of chronic temporomandibular disorder pain.
Intraocular pressure estimates using rebound tonometry in juvenile northern bobwhite quails (Colinus virginianus)
Authors: Spitznagel Katya , Sadar Miranda , Pucket Jonathan , Kanda Ian , Brandão João 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine intraocular pressure (IOP) estimates using rebound tonometry in juvenile northern bobwhite quails.Animals StudiedEighteen, 28‐day‐old, wild caught, captive raised, northern bobwhite quails.ProceduresBirds were manually restrained in sternal recumbency with two fingers placed below the head, applying minimal pressure. Following detailed ophthalmic examination by a board‐certified veterinary ophthalmologist, IOP was obtained via rebound tonometry using the Tonovet “P” setting for undefined species in animals without obvious ocular pathology. IOPs were estimated three times on each eye. The mean result of the three estimates was recorded for further analysis. Only readings with low or no reported error were recorded.ResultsNo difference was detected between the eyes; therefore, a reference interval was calculated using both eyes. The overall IOP (n = 36 eyes) was 5.6 ± 1.2 mmHg (mean ± SD), the median was 6 mmHg, and the range was 2–7 mmHg. The 95% reference interval was 2.2–7.6 mmHg. All quails were ultimately released with no clinically appreciable abnormalities.ConclusionsThis study provides information on normal IOP values for juvenile northern bobwhite quails, which can be used to evaluate the ocular health of this species. Future studies with a larger number of animals are needed, as well as validation of the rebound tonometry method using direct manometry.
Aerodynamic Analysis of Conventional and Boundary Layer Ingesting Propellers
Authors: Paula Costa Fabíola , Tomita Jesuíno Takachi , Silva Vinicius Tavares , Andersson Niklas , Grönstedt Tomas , Bringhenti Cleverson 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The boundary layer ingestion (BLI) concept has emerged as a novel technology for reducing aircraft fuel consumption. Several studies designed BLI-fans for aircraft. BLI-propellers, although, have still received little attention, and the choice of open-rotors or ducted propellers is still an open question regarding the best performance. The blade design is also challenging because the BLI-propulsors ingest a nonuniform flow. These aspects emphasize further investigation of unducted and ducted BLI-propulsors and the use of optimization frameworks, coupled with computational fluid dynamics simulations, to design the propeller to adapt to the incoming flow. This paper uses a multi-objective NSGA-II optimization framework, coupled with three-dimensional RANS simulations and radial basis function (RBF) metamodeling, used for the design and optimization of three propeller configurations at cruise conditions: (a) conventional propeller operating in the freestream, (b) unducted BLI-propeller, and (c) ducted BLI-propeller, both ingesting the airframe boundary layer. The optimization results showed a significant increase in chord and a decrease in the blade angles in the BLI configurations, emphasizing that these geometric parameters optimization highly affects the BLI-blade design. The unducted BLI-propeller needs approximately 40% less shaft power than the conventional propeller to generate the same amount of propeller force. The ducted BLI-propeller needs even less power, 47%. The duct contributes to the tip vortex weakening, recovering the swirl, and turning into propeller force, as noticed from 80% of the blade span to the tip. However, the unducted and ducted BLI-configurations presented a higher backward force, 26% and 46%, respectively, compared to the conventional propeller, which can be detrimental and narrow the use of these configurations.
Behavior of Cell Flowing Over Oblique Microrectangular Groove
Authors: Hashimoto Shigehiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIs it possible to distinguish cells with minimally invasive methods according to the characteristics of cells when moving through flow paths in vitro? A microflow-channel with microgrooves 45 deg diagonal to the mainstream direction has been manufactured by photolithography technology. The flow path between the two transparent polydimethylsiloxane disks (0.05 mm high, 1 mm wide, and 25 mm long) has rectangular microgrooves (4.5 μm deep, 0.2 mm long) at the bottom with variations in groove widths (0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, and 0.05 mm). Deformation and orientation of floating mouse-myoblasts (C2C12) during passage over the microgrooves were measured. Experimental results show that the larger the shape change of the two-dimensional projected image in the groove, the smaller the angle change tends to be. This method may be applicable to classification by cell deformation.
Valve Vibration Induced Intake Air Flow Dynamics Analysis Using Near Valve Particle Image Velocimetry
Authors: Shi Fenghao , Liu Mengqi , Hung David L. S. , Li Xuesong , Xu Min 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The transient dynamics of air flow running through the moving intake valve gaps in combustion cylinders is crucial to the performance of spark-ignition direct-injection engines. However, research on the air flow behavior in the vicinity of valve exits is still limited. In this work, transient air flow characteristics of a custom-designed dual-valve system under the operating conditions of a fixed valve lift and a vibrating valve lift at two frequencies are experimentally investigated. The velocity vector field measured using planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) is first analyzed in time domain based on temporal mean and root-mean-square (RMS) values. Comparison of temporal mean flow fields reveals the difference in flow pattern while RMS represents the variation of intake air jet velocity along the inlet path of the vibration-affected jet. Instantaneous snapshots provide direct analysis of the valve vibration-induced intake air jet behavior. Furthermore, investigation in frequency domain extends insights into the dominant spectral components of flow structures. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) applied to every vector on the velocity field yields a vibration frequency affected zone (VFAZ), indicating the regions where the effect of valve vibration is significant. By employing dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) method, the spatio-temporal PIV results are decomposed into modes with specific frequencies. Reconstructed flow field using modes with the valve operating frequency visually unveils a cyclic vortex structure near the valve exit. In summary, this study elucidates the mechanism of near-valve intake air flow impingement and interaction behavior induced by the valve vibrating motion.
Design and Experiment of a Prescribed-Time Trajectory Tracking Controller for a 7-DOF Robot Manipulator
Authors: Bertino Alexander , Naseradinmousavi Peiman , Krstic Miroslav 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present an analytical design and experimental verification of trajectory tracking control of a 7-DOF robot manipulator, which achieves convergence of all tracking errors to the origin within a finite terminal time, also referred to as the “settling time.” A key feature of this control strategy is that the settling time is explicitly assigned by the control designer to a value desired, or “prescribed” by the user and that the settling time is independent of the initial conditions and of the reference signal. In order to achieve this beneficial property with the controller, a scaling of the state by a function of time that grows unbounded toward the terminal time is employed. Through Lyapunov analysis, we first demonstrate that the proposed controller achieves regulation of all tracking errors within the prescribed time as well as the uniform boundedness of the joint torques, even in the presence of a matched, nonvanishing disturbance. Then, through both simulation and experiment, we demonstrate that the proposed controller is capable of converging to the desired trajectory within the prescribed time, despite large distance between the initial conditions and the reference trajectory, i.e., in spite of large initial tracking errors, and in spite of a sinusoidal disturbance being applied in each joint.