bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Level 2 processor and auxiliary data for ESA Version 8 final full mission analysis of MIPAS measurements on ENVISAT
Authors: Raspollini Piera , Arnone Enrico , Barbara Flavio , Bianchini Massimo , Carli Bruno , Ceccherini Simone , Chipperfield Martyn P. , Dehn Angelika , Della Fera Stefano , Dinelli Bianca Maria , Dudhia Anu , Flaud Jean-Marie , Gai Marco , Kiefer Michael , López-Puertas Manuel , Moore David P. , Piro Alessandro , Remedios John J. , Ridolfi Marco , Sembhi Harjinder , Sgheri Luca , Zoppetti Nicola 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. High quality long-term data sets of altitude-resolved measurements of the atmospheric composition are important because they can be used both to
study the evolution of the atmosphere and as a benchmark for future missions. For the final ESA reprocessing of MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for
Passive Atmospheric Sounding) on ENVISAT (ENViromental SATellite) data, numerous improvements were implemented in the Level 2 (L2) processor
Optimised Retrieval Model (ORM) version 8.22 (V8) and its auxiliary data. The implemented changes involve all aspects of the processing chain, from
the modelling of the measurements with the handling of the horizontal inhomogeneities along the line of sight to the use of the optimal estimation technique
to retrieve the minor species, from a more sensitive approach to detecting the spectra affected by clouds to a refined method for identifying low
quality products. Improvements in the modelling of the measurements were also obtained with an update of the used spectroscopic data and of the
databases providing the a priori knowledge of the atmosphere. The HITRAN_mipas_pf4.45 spectroscopic database was finalised with new spectroscopic
data verified with MIPAS measurements themselves, while recently measured cross-sections were used for the heavy molecules. The Level 2
Initial Guess (IG2) data set, containing the climatology used by the MIPAS L2 processor to generate the initial guess and interfering species profiles
when the retrieved profiles from previous scans are not available, was improved taking into account the diurnal variation of the profiles defined
using climatologies from both measurements and models. Horizontal gradients were generated using the ECMWF ERA-Interim data closest in time and space
to the MIPAS data. Further improvements in the L2 V8 products derived from the use of the L1b V8 products, which were upgraded to reduce the
instrumental temporal drift and to handle the abrupt changes in the calibration gain. The improvements introduced into the ORM V8 L2 processor and
its upgraded auxiliary data, together with the use of the L1b V8 products, lead to the generation of the MIPAS L2 V8 products, which are characterised
by an increased accuracy, better temporal stability and a greater number of retrieved species.
A multi-instrumental and modeling analysis of the ionospheric responses to the solar eclipse on 14 December 2020 over the Brazilian region
Authors: Resende Laysa C. A. , Zhu Yajun , Denardini Clezio M. , Chen Sony S. , Chagas Ronan A. J. , Da Silva Lígia A. , Carmo Carolina S. , Moro Juliano , Barros Diego , Nogueira Paulo A. B. , Marchezi José P. , Picanço Giorgio A. S. , Jauer Paulo , Silva Régia P. , Silva Douglas , Carrasco José A. , Wang Chi , Liu Zhengkuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This work presents an analysis of the ionospheric responses to the solar
eclipse that occurred on 14 December 2020 over the Brazilian sector. This
event partially covers the south of Brazil, providing an excellent
opportunity to study the modifications in the peculiarities that occur in
this sector, as the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). Therefore, we used
the Digisonde data available in this period for two sites: Campo Grande (CG;
20.47∘ S, 54.60∘ W; dip ∼23∘ S) and
Cachoeira Paulista (CXP; 22.70∘ S, 45.01∘ W; dip ∼35∘ S), assessing the E and F regions and Es layer behaviors.
Additionally, a numerical model (MIRE, Portuguese acronym for E Region
Ionospheric Model) is used to analyze the E layer dynamics modification
around these times. The results show the F1 region disappearance and an
apparent electronic density reduction in the E region during the solar
eclipse. We also analyzed the total electron content (TEC) maps from the
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that indicate a weakness in the
EIA. On the other hand, we observe the rise of the Es layer electron
density, which is related to the gravity waves strengthened during solar
eclipse events. Finally, our results lead to a better understanding of the
restructuring mechanisms in the ionosphere at low latitudes during the solar
eclipse events, even though they only partially reached the studied regions.
High-resolution spatial-distribution maps of road transport exhaust emissions in Chile, 1990–2020
Authors: Osses Mauricio , Rojas Néstor , Ibarra Cecilia , Valdebenito Víctor , Laengle Ignacio , Pantoja Nicolás , Osses Darío , Basoa Kevin , Tolvett Sebastián , Huneeus Nicolás , Gallardo Laura , Gómez Benjamín 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This description paper presents a detailed and consistent estimate and
analysis of exhaust pollutant emissions generated by Chile's
road transport activity for the period 1990–2020. The complete database for
the period 1990–2020 is available at the following DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17632/z69m8xm843.2 (Osses et al., 2021). Emissions are
provided at a high spatial resolution (0.01∘ × 0.01∘) over continental Chile from 18.5 to 53.2∘ S,
including local pollutants (CO; volatile organic compounds, VOCs; NOx; PM2.5), black carbon (BC) and
greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4). The methodology considers 70 vehicle
types, based on 10 vehicle categories, subdivided into 2 fuel types and
7 emission standards. Vehicle activity was calculated based on official
databases of vehicle records and vehicle flow counts. Fuel consumption was
calculated based on vehicle activity and contrasted with fuel sales to
calibrate the initial dataset. Emission factors come mainly from the Computer programme to calculate emissions from road
transport version 5 (COPERT 5),
adapted to local conditions in the 15 political regions of Chile, based on
emission standards and fuel quality. While vehicle fleet grew 5-fold
between 1990 and 2020, CO2 emissions have followed this trend at a
lower rate, and emissions of air local pollutants have decreased due to
stricter abatement technologies, better fuel quality and enforcement of
emission standards. In other words, there has been decoupling between fleet
growth and emissions' rate of change. Results were contrasted with global
datasets (EDGAR, CAMS, CEDS), showing similarities in CO2 estimations
and striking differences in PM, BC and CO; in the case of NOx and CH4
there is coincidence only until 2008. In all cases of divergent results,
global datasets estimate higher emissions.
POLA ASUH SINGLE PARENT TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR ANAK SISWA KELAS II UPT SDN 90 GRESIK
Authors: Siskhayunita Zelly , Umam Nanang Khoirul , Marzuki Ismail 
Published: March 2022

Abstract : This research aims to describe the parenting styles of parents especilly single parents in educating their children and how parents can motivate their children to learning achievement owned of student in class II UPT SDN 90 Gresik. The data collection techniques using interview, observation, and documentation. Data collection instrument using guidelines and validation tests. The data analysis using data collection, data presentation and conclusions. The data validity test using trigulation techniques and resources.The results of the study concluded that both parents applied authoritative parenting, but one of the two parents also applied authoritarian parenting. Activities carried out by students receive support from parents and children needs are met. The both parents prioritize children in terms of education and also in terms of education and also in terms of religion. Children are not required to get good grades, but parents always support whatever the child gets. If the child gets good results, the child gets a reward from both words and things. The both parents did not give physical punishment but it was a warning. The achievements of the two students are the most stand out from aspect academic.

Keywords : Parenting, Achievers, Motivation Learn.

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola asuh orang tua khususnya pada orang tua tunggal atau single parent dalam mendidik anaknya serta cara orang tua dalam memberikan motivasi belajar kepada anak untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik pada kelas II di UPT SDN 90 Gresik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Instrumen pengumpelan data menggunakan pedoman dan uji validasi. Analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Uji keabsaan data menggunakan tringulasi teknik dan sumber. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kedua orang tua tersebut menerapkan pola asuh otoritif, namun pada salah satunya dari orang tua A tersebut juga menerapkan pola asuh otoriter. Kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh peserta didik mendapat dukungan oleh orang tua serta kebutuhan anak terpenuhi. Kedua orang tua memproritaskan anak dalam hal pendidikan serta diimbangi pula dari segi agama. Anak tidak dituntut untuk mendapatkan nilai bagus, namun orang tua selalu mendukung apapun yang didapatkan oleh anak. Jika anak mendapatkan hasil yang bagus, anak mendapat hadiah baik dari ucapan maupun barang. Kedua orang tua tidak memberikan hukuman yang berbentuk fisik namun berupa teguran. Prestasi yang dihasilkan dari kedua peserta didik menonjol dari segi akademik.

Kata kunci : Pola Asuh, Berprestasi, Motivasi Belajar.
REPRESENTASI SEKSUALITAS TOKOH PEREMPUAN DALAM BUDAYA POPULER MASYARAKAT JAWA PADA NOVEL KAMALAULYA KARYA TULUS SETIYADI
Authors: Mardinata Safandi 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian berjudul” Representasi Seksualitas Tokoh Perempuan dalam Budaya Populer Masyarakat Jawa pada Novel Berbahasa Jawa Kamalaulya Karya Tulus Setiyadi” bertujuan untuk mengetahui deskripsi terhadap representasi seksualitas perempuan dalam budaya populer masyarakat Jawa pada novel tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kritik sastra feminis dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah ditemukannya representasi seksualitas tokoh perempuan, budaya populer dalam masyarakat Jawa, dan pengaruh budaya populer terhadap tokoh perempuan pada novel Kamalaulya karya Tulus Setiyadi.
Model Pengembangan Pesantren Ramah Anak Sebagai Upaya Deradikalisasi Keagamaan Sejak Dini
Authors: Saini Mukhamat 
Published: March 2022

Adapun tujuan pelaksaan Pesantren Ramah Anak ialah suatu upaya untuk mewujudkan Pesantren yang aman, bersih, sehat, hijau, inklusif dan nyaman bagi perkembangan fisik, kognisi dan psikososial anak perempuan dan anak laki-laki. Beberapa alasan peneliti melakukan research tentang Pesantren Ramah Anak Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang Jawa Timur. Pertama, pentingnya Pesantren dalam menanamkan nilai agama yang moderat, karakter dan moral kepada Santri. Kedua, besarnya jumlah Pesantren secara nasional di Indonesia dan besarnya partisipasi Santri di Pesantren, masyarakat, bangsa dan Negara. Kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak termasuk salah satunya di Pesantren. Ketiga, karena Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang Jawa Timur sebagai pilot project Pesantren Ramah Anak tingkat Provinsi Jawa Timur.
Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Pengecekan keabsahan data menggunakan kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependibilitas dan konfirmabilitas.
Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah Pertama, Pesantren Ramah Anak Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang Jawa Timur memiliki suasana yang kondusif dan dinamis dalam balutan nilai ta’aruf, takarum, tarahum, ta’awun dan tawashau serta tasamuh. Santri dan Asatidz berinteraksi dalam suasana komunikasi yang interaktif dan harmonis, serta terjaminnya kebebasan berpendapat. Menempatkan anak sebagai pusat pembelajaran dalam rangka mendukung pengembangan potensi dan bakat anak melalui kurikulum berbasis kebutuhan anak. Media dan fasilitas lingkungan pembelajaran yang memadai dan berorientasi untuk memotivasi anak agar lebih berpikir aktif dan berkreasi. Kedua, Nilai akhlaq yang diajarkan dan ditanamkan oleh Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang Jawa Timur terhadap para Santri ialah salah satunya nilai toleransi. Santri yang baik ialah mereka yang secara garis besar memiliki sifat jujur, adil dan toleran. Ketiga, Dampak dari pelaksanaan Pesantren Ramah Anak ternyata mampu membuat pemikiran/ pola pikir Santri Pondok Pesantren Darul Ulum Peterongan Jombang Jawa Timur menjadi tidak radikal atau tidak mempunyai mindset yang kaku dan merasa paling benar.
Strategi Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Masyarakat
Authors: Choir Miftachul , Sujono Gatot , Okhman Mauhibur 
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat masyarakat di MI Darussalam serta langkah-langkah strategis madrasah dalam menumbuhkan minat masyarakat di MI Darussalam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling, dimana sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari kepala madrasah, guru, wali murid, dan masyarakat sekitar. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peneliti menggunakan analisis SWOT mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat masyarakat di MI Darussalam. Faktor-faktor tersebut terdiri dari faktor internal yang terdiri dari kelemahan dan kekuatan dan faktor eksternal yang terdiri dari ancaman dan peluang. Setelah menganalisis faktor-faktor tersebut diperoleh langkah-langkah strategis yaitu: 1) Melakukan perbaikan internal tata kelola lembaga dan sumber daya manusia serta meningkatkan kualitas layanan kepada masyarakat. 2) Melakukan inovasi program kegaiatan yang berorientasi peningkatan potensi dan prestasi siswa serta mengikutkan siswa dalam kompetisi lomba antar sekolah. 3) Melalakukan inovasi pembiayaan dengan menjalin kerjasama dengan sponsor, memanfaatkan koperasi madrasah, serta menjalin hubungan yang baik dengan wali murid melalui komite madrasah. 4) Mempercepat pembangunan sarana gedung yang terpisah dengan unit lain.
Membentuk Generasi Milenial Qur’ani Melalui Pembelajaran PAI
Authors: Ardiningrum Aufaa Dzakiy , Maulidya Farah Nida , Rahayu Indah 
Published: March 2022

Al-Quran merupakan sumber ilmu pengetahuan baik ilmu agama maupun ilmu umum. Generasi milenial sebagai generasi berjiwa qurani merupakan generasi yang diidam-idamkan bangsa. Melihat akhlak dari generasi milenial yang semakin jauh dari ajaran agama Islam maka dalam tulisan ini berupaya memberikan solusi bagaimana cara pemuda bertindak sesuai ajaran agama Islam dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan beragama tanpa melupakan indentitasnya sebagai milenial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif.
Tulisan ini juga membahas tentang konsep generasi milenial berbasis qur’ani, eksistensi PAI dalam membentuk generasi milenial qurani, pembentukan karakter generasi milenial berjiawa qur’ani dalam perspektif PAI, dan peran mapel PAI dalam pembentukan generasi berjiwa qur’ani . PAI merupakan pendidikan karakter yang paling utama. Melalui PAI para siswa diajarkan cara bertingkah laku sesuai Al-Quran dan menjadikan Al-Quran dan sunnah sebagai way of life, PAI juga memuat sejarah yang didalamnya kita dapat mempelajari tokoh-tokoh nabi, sahabat, maupun sastrawan dimasa lampau untuk dijadikan suri tauladan sebagai konsepsi dari masa lalu untuk dijadikan ibrah dimasa sekarang. Dan fiqih sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran PAI mengajarkan rambu-rambu hukum dalam beribadah. Oleh sebab itu tujuan utama dari pembelajaran PAI adalah pembentukan kepribadian bernafaskan unsur qurani.
Hasil dari pembahasan ini diharapkan bagi generasi milenial menjaga ayat-ayat Allah, mencintai ayat-ayat Al-Quran, memahami, mentadabburi, dan mengaktualisaiskan dalam kehidupan sehari hari melalui pembelajaran PAI.
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik dan Xilanolitik yang Potensial untuk Dekomposisi Jerami Padi
Authors: Nur Hasrul Satria , Meryandini Anja , Hamim . 
Published: March 2022

There were 3 prospective isolates of cellulolytic bacteria resulted from the total of 31 isolates we found, i.e. C4-4, C5-1, and C11-1. Four combinations of bacteria including C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A), C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B), C11-1 + Xilanolytic (C), 45I-3 + 234P-16 (D), and control (E, without bacteria) were applied as inoculant of rice straw decomposition. In the incubation period the pH-H2O value of C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A) and C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B) was relatively stable. The C/N ratio of all treatments decreased after 3 weeks of incubation. The C/N ratio value of A, B, C, D and E treatments were 22.48, 23.43, 27.49, 26.82, and 29.53 respectively. Decomposition rate all of combination treatments were faster than the control. The content of macro-micro nutrient of A, B, C, and D treatments increased in the end of measurement, while the control didn’t. The physical characteristic of substrate after incubation was better in A and B treatments that others. The result indicated that the combination of C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A) and C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B) bacteria were the best combination for decomposition of rice straw.
Kandungan Fosfor Tanaman Padi dan Emisi Karbon Tanah Gambut yang Diaplikasi dengan Amelioran Fe3+ dan Fosfat Alam pada Beberapa Tingkat Pemberian Air
Authors: Nelvia . 
Published: March 2022

The addition of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates containing high Fe cation can reduce effect of toxic organic acids, increase peat stability through formation of complex compounds and reduce carbon emission. The research was conducted in the laboratory and green house of the Departement of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agriculture University. Peat samples with hemic degree of decomposition were taken from Riau. Rock phosphates were taken from the rock phosphates of PT. Petrokimia Gresik, Christmas Island phosphates, and Huinan China and FeCl3.6H2O was used as the other Fe3+ source. The aims of the research were to study (a) the effect of the applications of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates on the P content of plants dan (b) the effect of the application ameliorant Fe3+ and the contribution of Fe cation in rock phosphates in the decrease of carbon emission. The results showed that the P content of plants rice increased 58 – 286 % with the applications of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates. The estimation of carbon loss through CO2 and CH4 emissions from peats if planted continuously with rice was around 2.5, 2.2 and 2.6 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 respectively in field capacity condition, two times of field capacity condition, and 5 cm of saturated condition. The application of ameliorant Fe3+ and rock phosphates containing high Fe cation increased the stability of peats and reduced the carbon loss around 1.7 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (64%) in 5 cm of saturated condition, 1,3 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (58%) in two times of field capacity condition, and 1.0 Mg of C ha-1 year-1 (41%) in field capacity condition.
The effect of NPK Compound (6:16:7) on Chemical Soil Properties of Thapic Epiaquands and Cucumber Yield
Authors: Sukristiyonubowo . , Sipahutar Ibrahim Adamy , Achmad Ishak 
Published: March 2022

The effect of NPK compound (6:16:7) on chemical soil properties of Thapic Epiaquands, growth and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) has been studied in Punthuk Rejo Village, Karanganyar District. The aims were to study the influence of NPK fertiliser on chemical soil properties, growth and yield of cucumber. The treatments were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. The treatments were rate of NPK fertilisers including control, NPK standard, 150 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1, 300 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1, 450 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1, 600 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1, 300 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1 + ¼ NPK standard, and 300 kg NPK compound (6:16:7) ha-1 + ½ NPK standard. The NPK standard originated from single fertiliser, namely urea, SP-36 and KCl, while the NPK compound was Agrotop, containing 6.15% N, 16.23% P2O5 and 6.87% K2O following named NPK compound (6:16:7). The rate of NPK standard was 100 kg urea ha-1, 100 kg SP-36 ha-1 and 200 kg KCl ha-1 referring to the local recommended fertiliser rate. Application of NPK, both NPK (6:16:7) and NPK Standard, improved the chemical soil properties, namely N, P and K total as well available P. So far, application of 300 kg NPK compound ha-1 significantly increased the number of cucumber fruits and cucumber yield. Compared to the control, the increases were 13% and 44% for the number of cucumber fruits and cucumber yield, respectively. So far, combination of NPK compound (6:16:7) at the rate of 300 kg ha-1 with half recommended rate of NPK standard yielded a significant effect on both the number of cucumber fruits and weight of cucumber. These improvements were comparable to the NPK standard under fully recommended rate. The relative agronomic effectiveness value of combination of NPK (6:16:7) at the rate of 300 kg ha-1 with half recommended rate of NPK standard were about 100%, similar with the value of NPK standard. The economic analysis indicated that NPK standard with recommended application rate and combination of NPK Agrotop at the rate of 300 kg ha-1 with half recommended rate of NPK standard gave high benefit, B/C ratio and IBCR. The B/C ratio and IBCR were higher than one.
Suspicious Eyes:Hypopsiaand Democracy in Lysias 1 and Pericles'sFuneral Oration
Authors: Roy Sydnor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article suggests that the theme of suspicion, or lack thereof, in Lysias 1, On the Murder of Eratosthenes, draws on Pericles's description of Athenian democratic citizenry as reflected in Thucydides's Funeral Oration (2.37.2). Euphiletos's argument depends upon jurors accepting his self-image as a straightforward and trusting citizen. This self-image is crafted, in part, to be reminiscent of the ideal democratic citizen as outlined in the Funeral Oration, who practices tolerance towards his fellow citizens and protects against injustice. Lysias 1’s use of Pericles's speech as reported by Thucydides signals that the speech may be more political than previously acknowledged.
A Tailor-made Legal Form for Social Enterprises in the Netherlands is on Its Way
Authors: Lambooy Tineke , Argyrou Aikaterini , Bolhuis Andrea 
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the question how a social enterprise can best be recognised by customers, financiers, contract partners, the government and other stakeholders. Many EU Member States provide tailor-made legal forms for social enterprises. This enhances their recognition in the market. Dutch corporate law does not offer such a legal facility to social enterprises. Hence, in the Netherlands, social enterprises employ for their activities regular company legal forms such as the BV form (limited liability company) or the nonprofit legal form of the foundation, or a combination of both legal forms. Various network organisations and self-regulatory initiatives have emerged in order to support social enterprises in their development and in being acknowledged as such. Nonetheless, social enterprises have indicated that this is insufficient and that a tailor-made legal form is desired in the Netherlands. The Dutch government has initiated a study to find out what would be the best format and what should be the core elements thereof. In this article, the research questions, the methodology and the findings of this study are presented, as well as the decisions of the government taken on the basis of this study.
social enterprises, legal enterprise forms, societal purpose, B corps, purpose companies, Netherlands, corporate law