bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exchange rate dynamics of emerging and developing economies: Not all capital flows are alike
Authors: Nguyen Thong Trung , Nasir Muhammad Ali , Vo Xuan Vinh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increasing cross‐border capital flows have raised the question of whether capital inflows and outflows have different impacts on exchange rates in emerging markets than they do in developed markets and economies. To explore the potential heterogeneity in the impacts that can arise from the different types and directions of capital flows, we classify them according to whether they involve foreign direct investment (FDI) or foreign portfolio investment (FPI) and examine these inflows and outflows separately. The characteristics of these different types of capital flows and their effects on the real exchange rate in both advanced and emerging markets during 2002–2017 are investigated using a set of estimation approaches. To capture the relationship between real exchange rates and capital flows while controlling for other variables, a dynamic panel data model is utilized for the dataset covering emerging countries. Key findings suggest that the composition of capital flows determines the impact of those flows on real exchange rates, whereby FPI brings a faster appreciation of the real exchange rate than FDI and capital outflows bring a sharper degree of exchange rate adjustment than capital inflows. F20F30.
Dynamic and non‐neutral productivity effects of foreign ownership: A nonparametric approach
Authors: Lee Yoonseok , Lovely Mary E. , Pham Hoang 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThis paper studies two novel productivity characteristics of foreign acquisition on high‐tech manufacturing firms: the dynamic and the non‐Hicks‐neutral effects. A dynamic productivity effect of foreign ownership arises when adoption of foreign technology and management practices takes time to fully realize. Furthermore, these dynamic adjustments may be capital or labor augmenting as adoption of advanced production technologies tends to have non‐neutral productivity implications in developed countries. We propose and implement an econometric framework to estimate both effects using firm‐level data from China's manufacturing sector. Our framework extends a nonparametric productivity framework, in which identification is achieved using a firm's first‐order conditions and timing assumptions. We find strong evidence of dynamic and non‐neutral effects from foreign ownership, with significant differences across investment sources. Investment from OECD sources is found to provide a long‐term productivity boost for all but the largest recipients, while that from Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan does not raise performance. These findings have implications for China's declining labor share and for the rising domestic value‐added content of its high‐tech exports.
Longitudinal Change in Bone Density, Geometry, and Estimated Bone Strength in Older Men and Women From The Gambia: Findings From the Gambian Bone and Muscle Aging Study (GamBAS)
Authors: Ó Breasail Mícheál , Pearse Camille , Zengin Ayse , Jarjou Landing , Cooper Cyrus , Ebeling Peter R , Prentice Ann , Ward Kate A 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Musculoskeletal aging in the most resource-limited countries has not been quantified, and longitudinal data are urgently needed to inform policy. The aim of this prospective study was to describe musculoskeletal aging in Gambian adults. A total of 488 participants were recruited stratified by sex and 5-year age band (aged 40 years and older); 386 attended follow-up 1.7 years later. Outcomes were dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (n = 383) total hip areal bone mineral density (aBMD), bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA); peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) diaphyseal and epiphyseal radius and tibia (n = 313) total volumetric BMD (vBMD), trabecular vBMD, estimated bone strength indices (BSIc), cross-sectional area (CSA), BMC, and cortical vBMD. Mean annualized percentage change in bone outcomes was assessed in 10-year age bands and linear trends for age assessed. Bone turnover markers, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were explored as predictors of change in bone. Bone loss was observed at all sites, with an annual loss of total hip aBMD of 1.2% in women after age 50 years and in men at age 70 years plus. Greater loss in vBMD and BSIc was found at the radius in both men and women; strength was reduced by 4% per year in women and 3% per year in men (p trend 0.02, 0.03, respectively). At cortical sites, reductions in BMC, CSA, and vBMD were observed, being greatest in BMC in women, between 1.4% and 2.0% per annum. Higher CTX and PINP predicted greater loss of trabecular vBMD in women and BMC in men at the radius, and higher 25(OH)D with less loss of tibial trabecular vBMD and CSA in women. The magnitude of bone loss was like those reported in countries where fragility fracture rates are much higher. Given the predicted rise in fracture rates in resource-poor countries such as The Gambia, these data provide important insights into musculoskeletal health in this population. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Targeting DNA repair to enhance the efficacy of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Samadaei Mahzeiar , Senfter Daniel , Madlener Sibylle , Uranowska Karolina , Hafner Christine , Trauner Michael , Rohr‐Udilova Nataliya , Pinter Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe multityrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib remains an important systemic treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Signaling pathways, which are targeted by sorafenib, are involved in checkpoint and DNA repair response, RAD51 being a candidate protein. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of the human RAD51 inhibitor B02 in combination with sorafenib in human HCC cells. Impact of RAD51 expression on HCC patient survival was evaluated by an in silico approach using Human Protein Atlas dataset. Cell viability of HUH7, AKH12, AKH13, and 3P was assessed by neutral red assay. To measure the cytotoxicity, we quantified loss of membrane integrity by lactate dehydrogenase release. We also employed colony formation assay and hanging drop method to assess clonogenic and invasive ability of HCC cell lines upon sorafenib and B02 treatment. Cell cycle distribution and characterization of apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. In silico approach revealed that HCC patients with higher expression of RAD51 messenger RNA had a significantly shorter overall survival. The RAD51 inhibitor B02 alone and in combination with sorafenib significantly reduced viability, colony formation ability, and invasion capacity of HCC cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the combination of both agents reduces the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase while leading to an accumulating in the subG1 phase. The RAD51 inhibitor B02 seems to be a promising agent for HCC treatment and enhances the antitumor effects of sorafenib in vitro.
EV‐ADD, a database for EV‐associated DNA in human liquid biopsy samples
Authors: Tsering Thupten , Li Mingyang , Chen Yunxi , Nadeau Amélie , Laskaris Alexander , Abdouh Mohamed , Bustamante Prisca , Burnier Julia V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in cellular communication both in physiological conditions and in pathologies such as cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that EVs are active carriers of molecular cargo (e.g. protein and nucleic acids) and a powerful source of biomarkers and targets. While recent studies on EV‐associated DNA (EV‐DNA) in human biofluids have generated a large amount of data, there is currently no database that catalogues information on EV‐DNA. To fill this gap, we have manually curated a database of EV‐DNA data derived from human biofluids (liquid biopsy) and in‐vitro studies, called the Extracellular Vesicle‐Associated DNA Database (EV‐ADD). This database contains validated experimental details and data extracted from peer‐reviewed published literature. It can be easily queried to search for EV isolation methods and characterization, EV‐DNA isolation techniques, quality validation, DNA fragment size, volume of starting material, gene names and disease context. Currently, our database contains samples representing 23 diseases, with 13 different types of EV isolation techniques applied on eight different human biofluids (e.g. blood, saliva). In addition, EV‐ADD encompasses EV‐DNA data both representing the whole genome and specifically including oncogenes, such as KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, MYC, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). An EV‐ADD data metric system was also integrated to assign a compliancy score to the MISEV guidelines based on experimental parameters reported in each study. While currently available databases document the presence of proteins, lipids, RNA and metabolites in EVs (e.g. Vesiclepedia, ExoCarta, ExoBCD, EVpedia, and EV‐TRACK), to the best of our knowledge, EV‐ADD is the first of its kind to compile all available EV‐DNA datasets derived from human biofluid samples. We believe that this database provides an important reference resource on EV‐DNA‐based liquid biopsy research, serving as a learning tool and to showcase the latest developments in the EV‐DNA field. EV‐ADD will be updated yearly as newly published EV‐DNA data becomes available and it is freely available at www.evdnadatabase.com.
Considerations for the use of qualitative methodologies in genetic counseling research
Authors: Wainstein Tasha , Elliott Alison M. , Austin Jehannine C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn abundance of qualitative research is being conducted within the genetic counseling field. As this area of research expands, many within our community are “learning through doing”, an approach which is practical, but may lack theoretical grounding. This can result in study outputs that do not have the sort of utility for informing clinical practice that is the hallmark of excellent clinical qualitative research. Furthermore, our alignment as a discipline within the health sciences, which still tends to favor quantitative approaches, means that we may often be obliged to justify the use of qualitative methodologies, especially when we intend to use the findings for informing clinical practice. We aim to address these issues by providing guidance about how we, individually and collectively, might think about what excellent qualitative research can look like in our field. In addition to providing information and resources about current best‐practices, we discuss how quality can be ensured and evaluated. We seek to legitimize the idea of developing a philosophy of research in pursuit of establishing genetic counseling as an academic discipline. We argue that the principles, ethics, values, and practices of genetic counseling are sufficiently unique that establishing a discipline‐specific qualitative research framework is not only warranted, but essential. Ultimately, we hope that this paper can serve as a launching point from which additional discussion about qualitative research can emanate as we strive towards the elevation of this form of inquiry in our field.
Morphological and radiological study of the shoulder and elbow joints of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)
Authors: Lyra da Silva Carolina Castro , Cardoso Júlio Roquete , Rodrigues da Silva Wanessa Patrícia , Pinheiro Lizandra Araújo , Ferreira Lucas Rodrigues , Nunes Gabriel Oliveira , Borges Naida Cristina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) has specialized thoracic limbs to forage by breaking the walls of anthills and termite mounds. They also play critical roles in defense posture and locomotion. This study aimed to provide a morphological and radiographic description of the shoulder joint and elbow joint of the giant anteater. Both joints of 13 tamanduas were assessed by morphological dissections and histological evaluation and radiographies without and with positive contrast. The radiographic projections selected to this study were the mediolateral and craniocaudal projections. The radiographic and anatomical findings were compared with the following results: the shoulder joint had a continuous joint capsule with the tendon sheaths of the short head and long head of the biceps brachii muscle, which could be visualized with an injection of 3 ml of intra‐articular contrast. The shoulder joint arthrography was performed with the needle positioned cranially to the joint for contrast injection. The elbow joint presented three articular compartments, and the insertion of the joint capsule was proximal to the radial fossa and distal to the radial tuberosity in the radial notch of the ulna, which were possible to identify with 2 ml of intra‐articular contrast. The elbow joint arthrography was performed with the needle positioned laterally to the joint for contrast injection. Moreover, the joint capsule presented a caudomedial distention and fat pads. The powerful muscles of the forelimb play a fundamental role in maintaining the shoulder joint and elbow joint stability due to bony adaptations and the absence of usual ligaments. The morphological and radiological study provided relevant information on the soft‐tissue characteristics of shoulder and elbow joints, which may aid clinical‐surgical and diagnostic imaging procedures.
Estimation of the serial interval of monkeypox during the early outbreak in 2022
Authors: Guo Zihao , Zhao Shi , Sun Shengzhi , He Daihai , Chong Ka Chun , Yeoh Eng Kiong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith increased transmissibility and novel transmission mode, monkeypox poses new threats to public health globally in the background of the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic. Estimates of the serial interval, a key epidemiological parameter of infectious disease transmission, could provide insights into the virus transmission risks. As of October 2022, little was known about the serial interval of monkeypox due to the lack of contact tracing data. In this study, public‐available contact tracing data of global monkeypox cases were collected and 21 infector‐infectee transmission pairs were identified. We proposed a statistical method applied to real‐world observations to estimate the serial interval of the monkeypox. We estimated a mean serial interval of 5.6 days with the right truncation and sampling bias adjusted and calculated the reproduction number of 1.33 for the early monkeypox outbreaks at a global scale. Our findings provided a preliminary understanding of the transmission potentials of the current situation of monkeypox outbreaks. We highlighted the need for continuous surveillance of monkeypox for transmission risk assessment.
Magnetic dosimetry simulations of wireless power transfer systems with high resolution voxel models utilizing the co‐simulation scalar potential finite difference scheme
Authors: Haussmann Norman , Zang Martin , Mease Robin , Schmuelling Benedikt , Clemens Markus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWireless power transfer (WPT) systems can be utilized to charge batteries of electrically powered vehicles with a power transfer in the order of tens of kilowatts. The low frequency source currents in the WPT system emanate magneto‐quasistatic fields that induce electric fields inside the body tissues of exposed persons. This article compares the International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) recommended 99th percentile of the voxel averaged electric field strengths inside the body model determined by commercial simulation tools and the co‐simulation scalar potential finite difference scheme. Furthermore, the body model resolution is enhanced to 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 which results in about eight times larger numbers of degrees of freedom than obtained by using the ICNIRP recommended resolution. The fine resolution body model electric field values (and also the resulting simulation times) are compared against field values of the coarser model recommended by ICNIRP. To cover a broad range of exposure scenarios, the comparisons are presented for different configurations of a WPT system of an electric vehicle and also for varying postures of the human body as passenger and bystanding person.
Socio‐Economic Status and Creativity: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Acar Selcuk , Tadik Harun , Uysal Recep , Myers Danielle , Inetas Betul 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTIn the present study, we examined the relationship between socio‐economic status (SES) and creativity through a meta‐analysis of 885 effect sizes from 151 samples in 117 studies. Analyses of a multivariate model with a robust variance estimator showed a small positive correlation between creativity and SES (r = .120, 95% CI [0.086, 0.154]). Further analyses with four groups of moderators (i.e., creativity measure, SES indicator, sample characteristics, and study characteristics) indicated that the mean effect size is significantly higher when the creativity index is flexibility rather than fluency or when SES is measured by parental or one's own level of education and parental occupation rather than the location of residency. In addition, the relationship between creativity and SES dissipated as the students progressed from elementary school through college. The potential role of schooling in the creativity‐SES link is discussed.
Servants and masters: An activity theory investigation of human‐AI roles in the performance of work
Authors: Allen Robert A. , White Gareth R. T. , Clement Claire E. , Alexander Paul , Samuel Anthony 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOrganizations considering AI adoption must be mindful of media that portrays dystopian future scenarios. While machine sentience remains philosophically and ethically moot, the future implications of AI adoption are unclear. The issues that surround AI adoption need to be examined but there are a lack of implementations cases around which empirical research can be undertaken and practical experience can be gained. AI adoption needs to be considered from multiple viewpoints including, but not necessarily limited to the social, ethical and legal issues, and not merely be reduced to questions of financial return or organizational efficiency.
Serum and diet long‐chain omega‐3 fatty acid nutritional status in Chinese elite athletes
Authors: Zhang Qiuping , Xu Qian , Tian Huajun , Chu Yudan , Qiu Jun , Sun Mengwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOmega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega‐3 PUFAs) are essential for improving the health and performance of athletes. The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of omega‐3 PUFAs in Chinese elite athletes by both dietary intake analysis and serum biomarker detection. A cross‐sectional analysis of data from 54 elite athletes (24 men and 30 women) from Shanghai professional sports teams was conducted. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was employed to analyze dietary intake, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) was conducted to measure serum biomarkers of PUFAs. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationships of PUFA biomarkers with diet, inflammation and oxidative stress. The results showed that the median intake of EPA + DHA among athletes was 132 mg/d, which is lower than the minimum value recommended by dietary guidelines (250 mg/d). The average serum EPA + DHA was 4.0 ± 1.1%, and the ratio of omega‐6/omega‐3 was 7.7 ± 1.7. Most (96.3%) of the athletes were below the targeted value of serum EPA + DHA, which is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular risk. Correlation analysis showed that the serum EPA + DHA was positively correlated with the long‐term dietary intake of EPA + DHA and negatively correlated with inflammatory markers. In conclusion, the serum circulating EPA + DHA and omega‐6/omega‐3 ratio are effective biomarkers reflecting the nutritional status of PUFAs in athletes. Omega‐3 PUFAs have a potential effect on inhibiting inflammatory markers. Hence, it is necessary for Chinese athletes to improve their suboptimal nutritional status of PUFAs through dietary intervention.
Environmental variability in aquatic ecosystems: Avenues for future multifactorial experiments
Authors: Gerhard Miriam , Koussoroplis Apostolos‐Manuel , Raatz Michael , Pansch Christian , Fey Samuel B. , Vajedsamiei Jahangir , Calderó‐Pascual Maria , Cunillera‐Montcusí David , Juvigny‐Khenafou Noël P. D. , Polazzo Francesco , Thomas Patrick K. , Symons Celia C. , Beklioğlu Meryem , Berger Stella A. , Chefaoui Rosa M. , Ger Kemal Ali , Langenheder Silke , Nejstgaard Jens C. , Ptacnik Robert , Striebel Maren 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe relevance of considering environmental variability for understanding and predicting biological responses to environmental changes has resulted in a recent surge in variability‐focused ecological research. However, integration of findings that emerge across studies and identification of remaining knowledge gaps in aquatic ecosystems remain critical. Here, we address these aspects by: (1) summarizing relevant terms of variability research including the components (characteristics) of variability and key interactions when considering multiple environmental factors; (2) identifying conceptual frameworks for understanding the consequences of environmental variability in single and multifactorial scenarios; (3) highlighting challenges for bridging theoretical and experimental studies involving transitioning from simple to more complex scenarios; (4) proposing improved approaches to overcome current mismatches between theoretical predictions and experimental observations; and (5) providing a guide for designing integrated experiments across multiple scales, degrees of control, and complexity in light of their specific strengths and limitations.
Teaching Old Polymers New Tricks: Improved Synthesis and Anomalous Crystallinity for a Lost Semi‐Fluorinated Polyaryl Ether via Interfacial Polymerization of Hexafluoroacetone Hydrate and Diphenyl Ether
Authors: Muñoz Gustavo , Chamberlain Kari M. , Athukorale Sumudu , Ma Guorong , Gu Xiaodan , Pittman Charles U. , Smith Dennis W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA practical and direct electrophilic polymerization of hexafluoroacetone hydrate with diphenyl ether toward the preparation of semi‐fluorinated polyaryl ethers (PAE) is reported. Electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) polymerization under interfacial conditions with phase transfer catalyst (Aliquat 336) proceeds in trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride by generation of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and the protonated hexafluoroacetone (HFA) in situ affording 1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoroisopropylidene (6F) PAE with high regioselectivity (4,4’‐DPE) and high molecular weight (≈60 kDa). Although first reported in a 1966 US Patent by DuPont using harsh conditions, improved synthetic methods or modern characterization has not been disclosed until now. Despite the presence of the 6F group, known to impart disordered morphology, this simple semi‐fluorinated PAE exhibits anomalous crystallinity with polymorphic melting points (Tm) ranging from 230–309 °C, high solubility in common organic solvents, a glass transition (Tg) of 163 °C, and thermo‐oxidative stability above 500 °C. Tough optically clear films prepared from solution give transmittance higher than 90% throughout the visible region. Synthesis, mechanistic aspects, and characterization including surface and dielectric properties are discussed.