bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A temporal network analysis of complex post-traumatic stress disorder and psychosis symptoms
Authors: Panayi Peter , Contreras Alba , Peters Emmanuelle , Bentall Richard , Hardy Amy , Berry Katherine , Sellwood William , Dudley Robert , Longden Eleanor , Underwood Raphael , Steel Craig , Jafari Hassan , Mason Liam , Varese Filippo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Symptoms of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) may play a role in the maintenance of psychotic symptoms. Network analyses have shown interrelationships between post-traumatic sequelae and psychosis, but the temporal dynamics of these relationships in people with psychosis and a history of trauma remain unclear. We aimed to explore, using network analysis, the temporal order of relationships between symptoms of cPTSD (i.e. core PTSD and disturbances of self-organization [DSOs]) and psychosis in the flow of daily life.

Methods
Participants with psychosis and comorbid PTSD (N = 153) completed an experience-sampling study involving multiple daily assessments of psychosis (paranoia, voices, and visions), core PTSD (trauma-related intrusions, avoidance, hyperarousal), and DSOs (emotional dysregulation, interpersonal difficulties, negative self-concept) over six consecutive days. Multilevel vector autoregressive modeling was used to estimate three complementary networks representing different timescales.

Results
Our between-subjects network suggested that, on average over the testing period, most cPTSD symptoms related to at least one positive psychotic symptom. Many average relationships persist in the contemporaneous network, indicating symptoms of cPTSD and psychosis co-occur, especially paranoia with hyperarousal and negative self-concept. The temporal network suggested that paranoia reciprocally predicted, and was predicted by, hyperarousal, negative self-concept, and emotional dysregulation from moment to moment. cPTSD did not directly relate to voices in the temporal network.

Conclusions
cPTSD and positive psychosis symptoms mutually maintain each other in trauma-exposed people with psychosis via the maintenance of current threat, consistent with cognitive models of PTSD. Current threat, therefore, represents a valuable treatment target in phased-based trauma-focused psychosis interventions.
State capacity, military modernisation, and balancing: A conditional model of state capacity neoclassical realism
Authors: Borges Lauro , Smith Nicholas Ross , Eslami Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Typically, neoclassical realist scholars who prioritise state capacity as an intervening variable in their studies have often implied that states directly convert increased state capacity into improved military capabilities, leading them to engage in internal balancing and, occasionally, war. This article argues that the causal chain from state capacity to military modernisation and balancing is not as straightforward as the existing literature makes it look like. Using Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine as a plausibility-probe study, we propose that before states move from underbalancing to balancing, the process by which state capacity is translated into improved military capabilities might depend on conditional mechanisms. This novel theoretical model is labeled ‘conditional state capacity neoclassical realism’ and provides more case-specific explanatory power than the old state capacity theory.
Telesio on Natural Paradoxes: A Metaphysics from Marginal Cases
Authors: Muratori Cecilia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The foundation of Telesio’s physics is remarkably straightforward: he assumes that every phenomenon is explained by referring to the agency of two main principles, heat and cold. Yet, Telesio’s apparently simple physics leads to paradoxes when dealing with two specific problems which Aristotle had already discussed: the explanation of how rivers form and of how insects might be generated in a furnace. If water is simply earth made fluid by the action of the heat, why do rivers maintain a regular course, and how can the flow of water remain constant? And if generation can occur whenever spirit is enclosed to form a living being, thanks solely to the action of the heat, would it not be possible for animals to be generated by controlling any source of heat? This essay shows that Telesio’s answers to these questions reveal his approach to metaphysics, and that this in turn must trigger a historiographical reassessment of the portrait of Telesio at the threshold of modernity.
Pricing and distribution in global value chain regulation
Authors: Eller Klaas Hendrik 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Global value chains (GVCs) function as a distributive arrangement at a global scale, generating and relocating wealth while often exacerbating inequalities across and within countries. The recent rise in GVC-related regulation must hence also be assessed in its distributive implications. Human rights due diligence, the current heart of the playbook of GVC regulation, largely refrains from challenging lead firms’ business models, pricing strategies, and sourcing practices. Given thick evidence that sourcing squeeze translates into vulnerabilities on the ground that are conducive to rights violations, this lacuna significantly limits the potential of human rights due diligence to address wrongful conduct deeply entrenched in economic inequality, such as modern slavery. This article argues that human rights due diligence is marked by a ‘distributional self-restraint’, i.e., a self-inflicted reluctance to engage with deeper underpinnings or root causes of human rights violations. This self-restraint has a pedigree in the intellectual history of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) and of human rights more broadly, as well as in the naturalizing narrative from neo-classical economics around ‘free markets’ and price formation that have immunized prices in value chains from being seen as conducive to harm. It also manifests itself in the legislative texts and debates around the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive. To overcome such limitations, this article develops the notion of a reflexive governance of pricing and sourcing practices that requires companies to assess and reflect, with stakeholders at different tiers, the impact of lead firm pricing down the chain, especially on living wages and incomes.
A comprehensive review of the childhood vaccination landscape in Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruzaman Nor Kamila , Rizzi Marco , Attwell Katie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective and successful public health interventions to prevent infectious diseases. Governments worldwide have tried to optimize vaccination coverage, including using vaccine mandates. This review of recent literature and policy aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Malaysia’s childhood vaccination landscape. The document analysis was used to identify and examine information from government policy documents, official government media statements, mainstream news content, and research papers. Content analysis was then employed to analyze the gathered information. Despite the successes of Malaysia’s National Immunization Programme, a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases has raised concerns about vaccine hesitancy and refusal. Several contributing factors have been identified, including a preference for alternative medicines, doubts about halal status, fear of vaccine injury, concerns about the vaccines’ contents, conspiracy theories, as well as convenience and access barriers. While various initiatives have been implemented, Malaysia may consider using vaccine mandates, as several countries have recently done, as a potential policy intervention to address these challenges. This review benefits policymakers, epidemiologists, as well as researchers involved in regional or global policy planning and advocacy efforts. It also offers comprehensive insights into designing effective interventions and making informed policy decisions regarding childhood vaccination programmes.
Parasitism in wild penguin populations: a comprehensive global assessment of macro- and microparasites and their implications
Authors: Fusaro Bruno , Capasso Sofia , Barbosa Andrés , Ansaldo Martín , Zakrajsek Andrés , Diaz Julia I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Penguins include 18 species of seabirds distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. Climate change is a growing problem that affects penguins, especially those living in Antarctica, making them some of the most currently endangered species. Loss of habitat, commercial fishing and infectious diseases spread by anthropogenic activities in the Southern Ocean are threats facing penguins. In addition, environmental changes affect the distribution of free-living species that act as intermediate hosts for parasites (e.g. krill, fish) and consequently their transmission dynamics and distribution. The present work aims to provide an update on macro- and microparasites recorded in all penguin species in wildlife. Based on published records from penguins, we provide a list of 157 parasite taxa recorded in all penguin species. The list includes 54 helminths, 45 arthropods, 39 bacteria and 19 protozoa reported in 207 scientific publications. Most papers were focused on the genus Spheniscus. In the analysis, we identify the distribution of parasites among hosts to better predict the disease risk facing their populations worldwide. Some pathogenic effects of the parasites found are discussed.
A first Triassic insect from Antarctica (Eisenhower Range, northern Victoria Land)
Authors: Lara María Belén , Bomfleur Benjamin , Brauckmann Carsten , Unverfärth Jan , Mörs Thomas , Möllmann Magali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report here an isolated insect forewing from Triassic deposits of the Eisenhower Range, northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. Based on the reduced venation (e.g. well-developed pterostigma, Rs dichotomously branched, Rs and M vein with five branches each), we tentatively identify the specimen as belonging to Permochoristidae (Mecoptera). However, due to incomplete preservation of the forewing, we prefer a determination under open nomenclature until more material of this taxon is available. The new specimen represents the first insect described from the Triassic of Antarctica and the first fossil record of Mecoptera in the continent, supporting the worldwide distribution and a greater diversity of the family during Triassic times.
Beyond the Work Society? Social Policy and the Reduction of Working Time
Authors: Sage Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recently there has been increased attention in critiques of paid work and calls for less work via working-time reduction. Yet except for universal basic income and the shorter working week, few have examined how welfare states, more broadly, can effectively reduce working-time. This article argues widespread change is required to effectively reduce working-time. First, it explores how welfare states have historically affected working-time. Second, it examines universal basic income and the shorter working week as conduits for working-time reduction. Third, the article analyses alternative ways that working-time reduction has been achieved in advanced welfare states through, for example, parental leave policies, sabbaticals, and annual leave entitlements. In doing so, it concludes with a ‘life-time’ perspective, whereby the goal of less work is imagined and achieved over a whole life. This holds the best hope for a gradual, but profound, change in social and cultural norms around paid work.
Maternal hyperglycemia and postnatal high-fat diet impair metabolic regulation and autophagy response in the liver of adult female rats
Authors: Cruz Larissa Lopes da , Sinzato Yuri Karen , Paula Verônyca Gonçalves , Fioretto Matheus Naia , Gallego Franciane Quintanilha , Barco Vinícius Soares , Camargo Ana Carolina Lima , Corrente José Eduardo , Justulin Luis Antonio , Rodrigues Tiago , Volpato Gustavo Tadeu , Damasceno Débora Cristina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which the association between maternal hyperglycemia and postnatal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure compromises metabolic parameters and hepatic autophagy in adult female pups. For this, Sprague Dawley rats, female pups from nondiabetic (control = FC) or diabetic (FD) mothers, were fed a standard diet (SD) or HFD from weaning until adulthood (n minimum = 5 rats/group): FC/SD, FC/HFD, FD/SD, and FD/HFD. In adulthood, these rats were tested with the oral glucose tolerance test, euthanized, and serum biochemistry parameters were analyzed. Liver samples were collected to evaluate cytokines, redox status, and protein expression autophagy and apoptosis markers. Histomorphometric analyses and an assessment of lipofuscin accumulation were also performed to reflect incomplete autolysosomal digestion. The FC/HFD, FD/SD, and FD/HFD groups showed glucose intolerance and an increased number of hepatocytes. Furthermore, FD/SD and FD/HFD rats showed hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Adaptations in hepatic redox pathways were observed in the FD/SD group with increased antioxidant defense marker activity. The FD/SD group also exhibited increased autophagy protein expression, such as p-AMPK, LC3-II/LC3-I, and p62/SQSTM1, lipofuscin accumulation, and caspase-3 activation. After exposure to HFD, the adult female pups of diabetic rats had a reduced p-AMPK and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, the presence of steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The reduction of autophagy, stimulated by HFD, may be of vital importance for the susceptibility to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease induced by maternal diabetes.
Size‐Dependent Surface Charging of Lunar Cavities Exposed to the Solar Wind
Authors: Nakazono J. , Miyake Y. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSurface charging phenomena on the lunar surface are significantly influenced by topographical features such as craters, boulders, and cavities. This study employs Particle‐in‐Cell (PIC) simulations to explore how the size of surface cavities affects charging under typical solar wind conditions. Our results show that cavities smaller than the lunar sheath thickness develop strong positive potentials at the depths due to ion currents. However, as cavity size increases beyond the sheath thickness, the influence of ion currents is reduced, resulting in a more moderate potential change inside the cavities. This transition is driven by a shift from surface‐charge‐dominated to space‐charge‐dominated electrostatic structures, as larger cavities allow for greater electron inflow and contribution of the space charge. These findings suggest that both macroscopic and microscopic surface irregularities need to be evaluated according to their spatial scale when considering a global charging environment, which would be significant for understanding dust transport and potential breakdown processes.
Denoising Offshore Distributed Acoustic Sensing Using Masked Auto‐Encoders to Enhance Earthquake Detection
Authors: Shi Qibin , Denolle Marine A. , Ni Yiyu , Williams Ethan F. , You Nan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOffshore distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has emerged as a powerful technology for seismic monitoring, expanding the capacities of cable networks and coastal seismic networks to monitor offshore seismicity. However, offshore DAS data often combine signals unfamiliar to seismologists, including new types of instrumental noise and ocean signals that overprint those from tectonic sources, which may hinder seismological research. We develop a self‐supervised deep learning algorithm, a masked auto‐encoder (MAE), to denoise DAS data for seismological purposes. The model is trained on DAS recordings of local earthquakes with randomly masked channels acquired on fiber‐optic cables in the Cook Inlet offshore Alaska. To demonstrate the benefits of denoising for seismological research, we conduct the most fundamental steps to build any earthquake catalog: seismic phase picking, signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) estimation, and event association. We leverage the generalizability of ensemble deep learning models with cross‐correlation to predict phase picks with sufficient precision for post‐processing (e.g., earthquake location). The SNR of the denoised S waves of testing DAS data increased by 2.5 dB on average. The MAE denoised, on average, DAS data allows 2.7 times more S picks than the original noisy data for smaller regional earthquakes. The results demonstrate that our self‐supervised MAE can elevate the accuracy and efficiency of seismic monitoring with higher earthquake detectability.
Automated Mapping of Braided Palaeochannels From Optical Images With Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Vanzani F. , Carbonneau P. , Fontana A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe increasing availability of remotely sensed data has provided an enormous quantity of information for studying the geomorphology of exposed surfaces of alluvial plains. In many cases, the key for reconstructing their formation lies in the recognition of optical traces related to abandoned palaeochannels and their morphometric characteristics. Abundant braided palaeohydrographic traces are documented in alluvial plains of northern Italy, where large sectors of the present surface correspond to landforms related to fluvioglacial systems supplied by Alpine glaciers during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Nevertheless, the complexity of multichannel patterns, the overlapping field division systems and urbanization, hinder the efforts to manually map these traces. In this work, we used high‐resolution aerial photos of the proximal sector of the Friulian Plain (NE Italy) to train an Attention‐UNet deep learning algorithm to segment palaeohydrographic traces. The trained model was used to automatically recognize braided palaeochannels over 232 km2. The resulting map represents a significant step for investigating the long‐term alluvial dynamics. Moreover, we assessed the robustness of our method by deploying the model in three other areas in northern Italy with comparable characteristics, as well as in Montenegro, near Podgorica. In each case, the braided pattern was successfully mapped by the algorithm. This work highlights the breakthrough potential of deep learning methods to rapidly detect complex geomorphological traces in cultivated plains, taking into consideration advantages, challenges and limitations.
Characterization of the Effective Conductivity in Radio Frequency of Additive Manufacturing Materials
Authors: Bachiller Carmen , Ferrer Alvaro , Voronov Aleksandr , Capella Murta , Boscá Francisco , Marin M. Luisa , Sempere Lluc , Kunowsky Mirko , Martínez‐García Asunción 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis work presents the characterization of the effective conductivity of additive manufacturing materials used for the fabrication of high‐frequency communication devices. Factors such as material type, porosity, roughness, and oxidation reduce this conductivity, leading to increased insertion loss in the manufactured devices. For characterization, an X‐band cavity resonator on a rectangular waveguide was designed, and the quality factor was measured for different implementations using various techniques and materials. Conductivity values of up to 17.70 MS/m were obtained for metalized polymeric materials and up to 6.44 MS/m for metallic alloys.
Unusual Drainages of the Americas
Authors: Sowby Robert B. , Siegel Adam C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWhile most rivers and lakes follow predictable principles of hydrology and geology, a few seem to defy the rules. Some rivers diverge rather than converge; some rivers flow in two directions; some lakes have not one but two outlets; some watersheds have ambiguous boundaries. The scientific literature on these exceptions is sparse, scattered, and, in some cases, conflicting. We provide an authoritative review of nine unusual natural drainages in North and South America, including river bifurcations and bifurcation lakes: Casiquiare River, Arroyo Partido, Wayambo River, Atchafalaya River, North Two Ocean Creek, Divide Creek, Committee's Punch Bowl, Echimamish River, and Wollaston Lake. Most instances are found on flatlands and saddles. Some watershed boundaries are still unresolved or even dynamic, suggesting river formation in progress. We discuss the exploration, geophysical settings, morphology, hydrology, ecology, use, and management of these extraordinary drainages, along with implications for hydrologic modeling.
General movement assessments in neonates born with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies: a single site, retrospective study
Authors: Soumekh Lisa , Bell Samantha , Espinosa Sandra L. , Grogan Tristan , Kesavan Kalpashri , Calkins Kara L. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
We aimed to characterize general movements in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies and to compare them to general movements in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.

Study design
This was a retrospective, single-site study. Subjects were divided into two groups: those with gastrointestinal (GI) anomalies and ELBW infants (birth weight <1 kg). The primary outcome was general movement assessments.

Result
Ninety-six infants were included (n = 51, GI group and n = 45, ELBW group). The rates of abnormal general movements between the groups were comparable (writhing movements: 61% vs. 59%, p = 0.89; fidgety movements: 20% vs. 36%, p = 0.13). Writhing movements were different (100% poor repertoire, 0% cramped synchronous in the GI group vs. 50% poor repertoire and 50% cramped synchronous in the ELBW group, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Infants with gastrointestinal anomalies are at risk for abnormal general movements. Abnormal fidgety general movements may be an early biomarker for future motor deficits.
Invasion and metastasis in cancer: molecular insights and therapeutic targets
Authors: Li Yongxing , Liu Fengshuo , Cai Qingjin , Deng Lijun , Ouyang Qin , Zhang Xiang H.-F. , Zheng Ji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The progression of malignant tumors leads to the development of secondary tumors in various organs, including bones, the brain, liver, and lungs. This metastatic process severely impacts the prognosis of patients, significantly affecting their quality of life and survival rates. Research efforts have consistently focused on the intricate mechanisms underlying this process and the corresponding clinical management strategies. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the biological foundations of tumor metastasis, identification of pivotal signaling pathways, and systematic evaluation of existing and emerging therapeutic strategies are paramount to enhancing the overall diagnostic and treatment capabilities for metastatic tumors. However, current research is primarily focused on metastasis within specific cancer types, leaving significant gaps in our understanding of the complex metastatic cascade, organ-specific tropism mechanisms, and the development of targeted treatments. In this study, we examine the sequential processes of tumor metastasis, elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving organ-tropic metastasis, and systematically analyze therapeutic strategies for metastatic tumors, including those tailored to specific organ involvement. Subsequently, we synthesize the most recent advances in emerging therapeutic technologies for tumor metastasis and analyze the challenges and opportunities encountered in clinical research pertaining to bone metastasis. Our objective is to offer insights that can inform future research and clinical practice in this crucial field.