bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Newly Developed Smartphone App for Risk Factor Management in Young Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fruhwirth Viktoria , Berger Lisa , Gattringer Thomas , Fandler-Höfler Simon , Kneihsl Markus , Schwerdtfeger Andreas , Weiss Elisabeth Margarete , Enzinger Christian , Pinter Daniela 
Published: January 2022

Background: Efficient treatment of modifiable vascular risk factors decreases reoccurrence of ischemic stroke, which is of uttermost importance in younger patients. In this longitudinal pilot study, we thus assessed the effect of a newly developed smartphone app for risk factor management in such a cohort.Methods: The app conveys key facts about stroke, provides motivational support for a healthy lifestyle, and a reminder function for medication intake and blood pressure measurement. Between January 2019 and February 2020, we consecutively invited patients with ischemic stroke aged between 18 and 55 years to participate. Patients in the intervention group used the app between hospital discharge and 3-month follow-up. The control group received standard clinical care. Modifiable risk factors (physical activity, nutrition, alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and hypertension) were assessed during the initial hospital stay and at a dedicated stroke outpatient department three months post-stroke.Results: The study cohort comprised 21 patients in the app intervention group (62% male; age = 41 ± 11 years; education = 12 ± 3 years) and 21 sex-, age- and education-matched control patients with a comparable stroke risk factor profile. Baseline stroke severity was comparable between groups (intervention: median NIHSS = 3; control: median NIHSS = 4; p = 0.604). Three months post-stroke, patients in the intervention group reported to be physically almost twice as active (13 ± 9 h/week) compared to controls (7 ± 5 h/week; p = 0.022). More intense app usage was strongly associated with higher physical activity (r = 0.60, p = 0.005) and lower consumption of unhealthy food (r = −0.51, p = 0.023). Smoking behavior (p = 0.001) and hypertension (p = 0.003) improved in all patients. Patients in the intervention group described better self-reported health-related quality of life three months post-stroke (p = 0.003).Conclusions: Specifically designed app interventions can be an easily to implement and cost-efficient approach to promote a healthier lifestyle in younger patients with a stroke.
Alterations in Neural Networks During Working Memory Encoding Related to Cognitive Impairment in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Pan Liping , Wu Yakun , Bao Jie , Guo Dandan , Zhang Xin , Wang Jiajing , Deng Meili , Yu Peiran , Wei Gaoxu , Zhang Lulin , Qin Xiao , Song Yijun 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the alterations in the neural networks of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) during working memory (WM) encoding.Methods: Patients with TLE (n = 52) and healthy volunteers (n = 35) completed a WM task, during which 34-channel electroencephalogram signals were recorded. The neural networks during WM encoding were calculated in TLE patients with (TLE-WM) and without (TLE-N) WM deficits.Results: Functional connectivity strength decreased, and the theta network was altered in the TLE-WM group, although no significant differences in clinical features were observed between the TLE-N and TLE-WM groups.Conclusions: Not all patients with TLE present with cognitive impairments and alterations in the theta network were identified in TLE patients with functional cognitive deficits.Significance: The theta network may represent a sensitive measure of cognitive impairment and could predict cognitive outcomes among patients with TLE.
Combined Structural MR and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Classify the Presence of Alzheimer’s Disease With the Same Performance as MR Combined With Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography: A Data Integration Approach
Authors: Agostinho Daniel , Caramelo Francisco , Moreira Ana Paula , Santana Isabel , Abrunhosa Antero , Castelo-Branco Miguel 
Published: January 2022

Background: In recent years, classification frameworks using imaging data have shown that multimodal classification methods perform favorably over the use of a single imaging modality for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. The currently used clinical approach often emphasizes the use of qualitative MRI and/or PET data for clinical diagnosis. Based on the hypothesis that classification of isolated imaging modalities is not predictive of their respective value in combined approaches, we investigate whether the combination of T1 Weighted MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can yield an equivalent performance as the combination of quantitative structural MRI (sMRI) with amyloid-PET.Methods: We parcellated the brain into regions of interest (ROI) following different anatomical labeling atlases. For each region of interest different metrics were extracted from the different imaging modalities (sMRI, PiB-PET, and DTI) to be used as features. Thereafter, the feature sets were reduced using an embedded-based feature selection method. The final reduced sets were then used as input in support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. Three different base classifiers were created, one for each imaging modality, and validated using internal (n = 41) and external data from the ADNI initiative (n = 330 for sMRI, n = 148 for DTI and n = 55 for PiB-PET) sources. Finally, the classifiers were ensembled using a weighted method in order to evaluate the performance of different combinations.Results: For the base classifiers the following performance levels were found: sMRI-based classifier (accuracy, 92%; specificity, 97% and sensitivity, 87%), PiB-PET (accuracy, 91%; specificity, 89%; and sensitivity, 92%) and the lowest performance was attained with DTI (accuracy, 80%; specificity, 76%; and sensitivity, 82%). From the multimodal approaches, when integrating two modalities, the following results were observed: sMRI+PiB-PET (accuracy, 98%; specificity, 98%; and sensitivity, 99%), sMRI+DTI (accuracy, 97%; specificity, 99%; and sensitivity, 94%) and PiB-PET+DTI (accuracy, 91%; specificity, 90%; and sensitivity, 93%). Finally, the combination of all imaging modalities yielded an accuracy of 98%, specificity of 97% and sensitivity of 99%.Conclusion: Although DTI in isolation shows relatively poor performance, when combined with structural MR, it showed a surprising classification performance which was comparable to MR combined with amyloid PET. These results are consistent with the notion that white matter changes are also important in Alzheimer’s Disease.
Mapping of Recurrence Sites Following Adjuvant or Salvage Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer Patients
Authors: Gonzalez-Moya Ana , Supiot Stéphane , Seegers Valérie , Lizée Thibaut , Legouté Florence , Perennec Tanguy , Calais Gilles 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionAlthough salvage and adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) are effective in prostate cancer (PC) patients, 30%–40% of men will have disease progression. The objective was to describe the pattern of recurrence in PC patients with biochemical failure (BF) following postoperative RT.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 935 PC patients treated from 2009 to 2019 with adjuvant or salvage RT at the Institut de Cancérologie de l’Ouest. Of these, 205 (22%) developed BF of whom 166 underwent imaging. Patients with identified radiologic failure prior any specific treatment were included to determine the site of relapse categorized as local (L)-only, locoregional (LR), or metastatic (M) recurrence. Main disease characteristics and RT fields were examined in relation to sites of recurrence.ResultsOne hundred forty-one patients were identified with 244 sites of failure on imaging. Of these, 108 patients had received RT to the PB alone and 33 RT to the PB and pelvic lymph nodes (PB+PLN). Androgen-deprivation therapy was used concomitantly in 50 patients (35%). The median PSA at imaging was 1.6 ng/ml (range, 0–86.7). In all, 74 patients (52%) had M disease (44% in the PB group and 79% in the PB+PLN group), 61 (43%) had LR failure (52% in the PB alone group and 15% in the PB+PLN group), and six (4%) had L-only failure, at a median of 26.7 months (range, 5–110.3) from RT. Metastases were in extra-pelvic LN (37 (15%)), bones (66 (27%)), and visceral organs (eight (3%)). Fifty-three (48%) of the pelvic LN failures in the PB group would have been encompassed by standard PLN RT volume.ConclusionWe found that most patients evaluated for BF after postoperative RT recurred outside the RT field. Isolated pelvic nodal failure was rare in those receiving RT to the PB+PLN but accounted for half of failures in those receiving PB alone RT. Imaging directed salvage treatment could be helpful to personalize radiation therapy plan.
Variations in the Consumption of Antimicrobial Medicines in the European Region, 2014–2018: Findings and Implications from ESAC-Net and WHO Europe
Authors: Robertson Jane , Vlahović-Palčevski Vera , Iwamoto Kotoji , Högberg Liselotte Diaz , Godman Brian , Monnet Dominique L. , Garner Sarah , Weist Klaus ,   ESAC-Net Study Group,   WHO Europe AMC Network Study Group
Published: January 2022

Background: Surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (AMC) is important to address inappropriate use. AMC data for countries in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) and Eastern European and Central Asian countries were compared to provide future guidance.Methods: Analyses of 2014–2018 data from 30 EU/EEA countries of the European Surveillance of Antibiotic Consumption network (ESAC-Net) and 15 countries of the WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHO Europe) AMC Network were conducted using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification and Defined Daily Dose (DDD) methodology. Total consumption (DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day) of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC group J01), relative use (percentages), trends over time, alignment with the WHO Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification, concordance with the WHO global indicator (60% of total consumption should be Access agents), and composition of the drug utilization 75% (DU75%) were calculated.Findings: In 2018, total consumption of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC J01) ranged from 8.9 to 34.1 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (population-weighted mean for ESAC-Net 20.0, WHO Europe AMC Network 19.6, ESAC-Net Study Group, and WHO Europe AMC Network Study Group). ESAC-Net countries consumed more penicillins (J01C; 8.7 versus 6.3 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day), more tetracyclines (J01A; 2.2 versus 1.2), less cephalosporins (J01D; 2.3 versus 3.8) and less quinolones (J01M; 1.7 versus 3.4) than WHO Europe AMC Network countries. Between 2014 and 2018, there were statistically significant reductions in total consumption in eight ESAC-Net countries. In 2018, the relative population-weighted mean consumption of Access agents was 57.9% for ESAC-Net and 47.4% for the WHO Europe AMC Network. For each year during 2014–2018, 14 ESAC-Net and one WHO Europe AMC Network countries met the WHO global monitoring target of 60% of total consumption being Access agents. DU75% analyses showed differences in the choices of agents in the two networks.Interpretation: Although total consumption of antibacterials for systemic use was similar in the two networks, the composition of agents varied substantially. The greater consumption of Watch group agents in WHO Europe AMC Network countries suggests opportunities for improved prescribing. Significant decreases in consumption in several ESAC-Net countries illustrate the value of sustained actions to address antimicrobial resistance.
Diagnostic Contribution of the DSM-5 Criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder
Authors: Luo Tao , Wei Dan , Guo Jiangfan , Hu Maorong , Chao Xuelin , Sun Yan , Sun Qian , Xiao Shuiyuan , Liao Yanhui 
Published: January 2022

Background: Internet gaming disorder (IGD) can have long-term severe consequences in affected individuals, especially adolescents and young people. Empirical studies of IGD using the DSM-5 criteria are still lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of specific criteria to the diagnosis of IGD based on the DSM-5 in the context of Chinese culture.Methods: The Chinese version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short Form (IGDS9-SF) was applied to investigate the prevalence of IGD in a general sample of 28,689 middle school students aged 12–19 years from two cities in China.Results: The prevalence of IGD was 4.6% among this adolescent sample. The group of IGD students reported longer weekly gaming times and worse academic performance than the group of non-IGD students. Although “preoccupation” and “playing to escape” were the most frequently reported criteria, the conditional inference trees showed that “give up other activities,” ‘negative consequences,” and “continue despite problems” contributed most to the diagnosis of IGD based on the DSM-5.Conclusions: The prevalence of IGD among Chinese adolescents (ages 12–19) was 4.6%. This study provides evidence for retaining or deleting specific diagnostic criteria by the DSM framework in the future.
Effect of Clothing Fabric on 20-km Cycling Performance in Endurance Athletes
Authors: Ferguson Jared , Hadid Amir , Epstein Yoram , Jensen Dennis 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Examine the effect of synthetic fabrics (SYN, 60% polyester: 40% nylon) vs. 100% cotton fabric (CTN) on the 20-km cycling time trial (20 kmCTT) performance of competitive cyclists and triathletes.Methods: In this randomized controlled crossover study, 15 adults (5 women) aged 29.6 ± 2.7 years (mean ± SE) with a peak rate of O2 consumption of 60.0 ± 2.0 ml/kg/min completed a 20 kmCTT under ambient laboratory conditions (24.3 ± 0.7°C and 17 ± 7% relative humidity) with a simulated wind of ~3 m/s while wearing SYN or CTN clothing ensembles. Both ensembles were of snowflake mesh bi-layer construction and consisted of a loose-fitting long-sleeved shirt with full-length trousers.Results: Participants maintained a significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher cycling speed and power output over the last 6-km of the 20 kmCTT while wearing the SYN vs. CTN ensemble (e.g., by 0.98 km/h and 18.4 watts at the 20-km mark). Consequently, 20 kmCTT duration was significantly reduced by 15.7 ± 6.8 sec or 0.8 ± 0.3% during SYN vs. CTN trials (p &lt; 0.05). Improved 20 kmCTT performance with SYN vs. CTN clothing could not be explained by concurrent differences in esophageal temperature, sweat rate, ratings of perceived exertion and/or cardiometabolic responses to exercise. However, it was accompanied by significantly lower mean skin temperatures (~1°C) and more favorable ratings of perceived clothing comfort and thermal sensation during exercise.Conclusion: Under the experimental conditions of the current study, athletic clothing made of synthetic fabrics significantly improved the 20 kmCTT performance of endurance-trained athletes by optimizing selected thermoregulatory and perceptual responses to exercise.
Advantages and Limitations of Clinical Scores for Donation After Circulatory Death Liver Transplantation
Authors: Meier Raphael P. H. , Kelly Yvonne , Yamaguchi Seiji , Braun Hillary J. , Lunow-Luke Tyler , Adelmann Dieter , Niemann Claus , Maluf Daniel G. , Dietch Zachary C. , Stock Peter G. , Kang Sang-Mo , Feng Sandy , Posselt Andrew M. , Gardner James M. , Syed Shareef M. , Hirose Ryutaro , Freise Chris E. , Ascher Nancy L. , Roberts John P. , Roll Garrett R. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Scoring systems have been proposed to select donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors and recipients for liver transplantation (LT). We hypothesized that complex scoring systems derived in large datasets might not predict outcomes locally.Methods: Based on 1-year DCD-LT graft survival predictors in multivariate logistic regression models, we designed, validated, and compared a simple index using the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) cohort (n = 136) and a universal-comprehensive (UC)-DCD score using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) cohort (n = 5,792) to previously published DCD scoring systems.Results: The total warm ischemia time (WIT)-index included donor WIT (dWIT) and hepatectomy time (dHep). The UC-DCD score included dWIT, dHep, recipient on mechanical ventilation, transjugular-intrahepatic-portosystemic-shunt, cause of liver disease, model for end-stage liver disease, body mass index, donor/recipient age, and cold ischemia time. In the UNOS cohort, the UC-score outperformed all previously published scores in predicting DCD-LT graft survival (AUC: 0.635 vs. ≤0.562). In the UCSF cohort, the total WIT index successfully stratified survival and biliary complications, whereas other scores did not.Conclusion: DCD risk scores generated in large cohorts provide general guidance for safe recipient/donor selection, but they must be tailored based on non-/partially-modifiable local circumstances to expand DCD utilization.
PENGARUH MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION BERBANTUAN PRAKTIKUM SEDERHANA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA MATERI SUHU DAN KALOR DI KELAS V SD
Authors: Debiyanto Sutardi Sendi , Hendrawan Budi , Pratiwi Anggia Suci 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Group Investigation berbantuan praktikum sederhana terhadap prestasi belajar siswa materi suhu dan kalor di kelas V SDN 3 Cibalong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperimental Design dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN 3 Cibalong dengan populasi siswa kelas V SDN 3 Cibalong yang berjumlah 28 orang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan pengambilan sampel dengan cara simple random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan pretest dan posttest kemudian data dianalisis dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 25, diperoleh sig. (2-tailed) 0,004, sehingga sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05 yaitu 0,004 < 0,05 yang berarti terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dan H_0 ditolak. Untuk t hitung yang diperoleh yaitu 3,203 yang berada pada wilayah yang positif. Dengan demikian 3,203 > 2,05553 sehingga H_0 ditolak. Nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen adalah 88,29 dan nilai rata-rata kelas kontrol yaitu 81,43. Sehingga 88,29 > 81,43. Maka model pembelajaran Group Investigation berbantuan praktikum sederhana berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas V SDN 3 Cibalong pada materi suhu dan kalor mata pelajaran IPA.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF ISLAMIC BANKING IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA ISLAMICITY PERFORMANCE INDEX APPROACH
Authors: Priyono Puji Prasetyo  , Pribawa E Pantas  , Nurul Jihadah Ashar  , Fanny Riana Pertiwi  
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze the comparison of Islamic banking performance in Indonesia and Malaysia using the Islamicity Performance Index approach. This research is a quantitative study using non-statistical descriptive analysis. The research object used data from 10 banks representing Islamic banking in Indonesia and Malaysia, each taken from 5 Islamic banks with the most extensive asset ownership criteria. This research's source of data is the annual Islamic banking financial report downloaded from each Islamic bank's official website, obtained from 2015-2019. The results of the calculation of the four ratios show that Indonesian Islamic banking is superior in Profit-Sharing Ratio and Equitable Distribution Ratio, while the average score of Malaysian Islamic banking is only slightly higher in Zakat Performance Ratio and Islamic Income vs. Non-Islamic Income Ratio.
Keywords: Performance, Islamic Banking, Islamicity Performance Index
Growth of 6Li-enriched LiCl/BaCl2 eutectic as a novel neutron scintillator
Authors: Takizawa Yui , Kamada Kei , Yoshino Masao , Yajima Ryuga , Kim Kyoung Jin , Kochurikhin Vladimir. V. , Yoshikawa Akira 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, Eu:6LiCl/BaCl2 with a high Li concentration was developed as a novel thermal neutron scintillator. Eu ions were doped as activators for the BaCl2 phase, and Eu:6LiCl/BaCl2 eutectics were grown via the vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger method in quartz ampoules (inner diameter = 4 mm). The Eu:6LiCl/BaCl2 eutectic exhibited a lamellar eutectic structure and optical transparency. The 400 nm emission due to the Eu2+ 4f–5d transition was observed in the BaCl2 phase by a cathode luminescence measurement. The light yield under neutrons was estimated to be over 20 200 photons MeV−1. A PSD study was also performed using gamma and alpha-rays. The Eu:6LiCl/BaCl2 eutectic scintillator showed good potential for PSD.
Development of a high-speed, phase-sensitive laser probe system for RF surface/bulk acoustic wave devices with an autofocus function for long-time continuous operation
Authors: Kawai Kazuki , Takahashi Hikaru , Omori Tatsuya , Hashimoto Ken-ya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the implementation of an autofocus function for a laser beam in a high-speed, phase-sensitive laser probe system for RF surface/bulk acoustic wave devices. This implementation can compensate for defocus caused during continuous measurements that take dozens of hours. After a brief explanation of the system used in this work, a detailed discussion is given on the employed evaluation function indicating focus status, which is a key factor determining autofocus reliability. It is shown that the sum of the energies of Laplacians is suitable as an evaluation function, which can be calculated by an image of the probing laser spot captured by a built-in CCD camera. Then, the implementation of the autofocus function in the current system is detailed. It is confirmed that this function can adjust the focus within almost

±
20

μ
m

defocus conditions. Finally, it is confirmed how the implemented autofocus function works effectively to keep just-in-focus under disturbance.
Study on the efficiency of a transducer for sonochemistry by calorimetry
Authors: Asakura Yoshiyuki , Yasuda Keiji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSonochemistry is an effective method for the initiation or enhancement of the chemical reactions by ultrasound in a wide range of applications. In this study, the efficiency of a sonochemistry transducer, defined as the ratio of ultrasonic power to electrical power, was investigated for different materials and the thicknesses of the vibration plate in the frequency range 22 kHz–2 MHz. The ultrasonic power was measured by calorimetry. To eliminate the influence of reflected waves, the transducer was attached to the side of a cylindrical vessel. The transducer with a stainless steel vibration plate was more efficient than those with vibration plates of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic or chloroprene rubber. The efficiencies of the transducers also increased with decreasing thickness of the vibration plates. Langevin-type transducers were less efficient than the disk-type transducers.
Switchable acoustic metagrating for three-channel retroreflection and carpet cloaking
Authors: Song Ailing , Sun Chaoyu , Xiang Yanxun , Xuan Fu-Zhen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a switchable acoustic metagrating composed of periodic grooves for realizing switchable functionalities of three-channel retroreflection and carpet cloaking. The groove parameters are determined by calculating and analyzing the reflectance of different diffracted waves, and only one propagating reflected wave is allowed. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are performed to validate the three-channel retroreflection and carpet cloaking performances of the proposed metagrating. Our research work provides a practical and simple method to design acoustic devices with switchable functionalities and simple structure, and has potential applications in practical fields of acoustic sensing and acoustic communication.