bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Proposal for Live Load Distribution Factors of Bridges with Transverse Beams
Authors: Abrishamkar Mohammad Bagher , Kholghi Reza , Maleki Shervin 
Published: August 2022

Many bridge superstructures use transverse beams as load carrying components. In these systems, usually the transverse beams are connected to the main longitudinal girders or trusses on the two sides of the bridge. Such systems are commonly used in plate girder, box girder, cable-stayed and truss bridges. The live load distribution factor (LLDF) for bridge superstructures with transverse beams in AASHTO-LRFD bridge design specification has remained unchanged for decades and is prescribed as a function of the distance between the transverse beams. However, for slab-beam superstructures in which longitudinal beams at close spacing carry the loads to the substructure, the LLDFs have gone through many changes throughout the years and in their current forms depend on many parameters such as concrete slab thickness, beam span, longitudinal beam stiffness as well as the distance between the longitudinal beams. This study investigates the factors affecting the LLDF for transverse beams and intends to obtain new equations similar to AASHTO’s longitudinal beam equations. For this purpose, 3D finite element models of different sample bridges were developed and critical parameters affecting the LLDF were identified and varied. Accordingly, the LLDFs for moment and shear forces of transverse beams were obtained through regression analyses. The proposed equations have less than 3.1% of average error for the cases considered.
Pelatihan Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Android untuk Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Pada MGMP Matematika Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Yurinanda Sherli , Rozi Syamsyida , Multahadah Cut 
Published: August 2022

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PPM) merupakan salah satu wujud dari Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil observasi, Guru MGMP Matematika Wil IV Kab. Muaro Jambi yang menjumpai siswa lebih dominan menggunakan android untuk bermain. Pada kenyataannya android dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media untuk belajar matematika agar lebih mudah salah satunya melalui aplikasi yaitu Mathway versi Web. Untuk itu Tema PPM ini yaitu Pelatihan Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Android untuk Memecahkan Masalah Matematika di Bidang Aljabar Pada MGMP Matematika Kab. Muaro Jambi. Kegiatan ini dilakukan secara daring melalui platform ZOOM. Metode pelaksanaannya berupa pendekatan tentang rencana program dan pelaksanaan. PPM ini dilaksanakan tanggal 27 November 2021 dengan jumah peserta 25 orang. Setelah melaksanakan kegiatan PPM ini, para peserta yang berpartisipasi sangat antusias dan 95% peserta pelatihan merasa software berbasis android lebih mudah diperoleh, diaplikasikan serta bisa membantu memahami pelajaran di sekolah.
Role and Clinical Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Immunocompromised Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure During Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Zhao Yang-Chao , Ding Yan-Zhong , Zhao Xi , Fu Guo-Wei , Huang Ming-Jun , Li Xing-Xing , Sun Qian-Qian , Kan Ya-Bai , Li Jun , Wang Shi-Lei , Ma Wen-Tao , Xu Qin-Fu , Liu Qi-Long , Li Hong-Bin 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThere are few studies of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in immunocompromised patients assisted by veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO). The present study is aimed to investigate the pathogen-detected effect and clinical therapy value of mNGS technologies in immunocompromised patients assisted by vv-ECMO.MethodsOur study retrospectively enrolled 46 immunocompromised patients supported by vv-ECMO from Jan 2017 to June 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, respectively. Patients were divided into the deterioration group (Group D) (n = 31) and improvement group (Group I) (n = 15) according to their outcomes. Baseline characteristics and etiological data of patients during hospitalization of 2 groups were compared. The pathogens detected by mNGS and antibiotic regimens guided by mNGS in immunocompromised patients assisted by vv-ECMO were analyzed.ResultsCompared with Group I, the deterioration patients showed a higher percentage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (32.3% vs. 6.7%, p &lt; 0.01) and were significantly older (47.77 ± 16.72 years vs. 32 ± 15.05 years, p &lt; 0.01). Within 48 h of being ECMO assisted, the consistency of the samples detected by traditional culture and mNGS at the same time was good (traditional culture vs. mNGS detection, the positive rate of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) culture: 26.1% vs. 30.4%; the positive rate of blood sample culture: 12.2% vs. 12.2%, p &gt; 0.05). However, mNGS detected far more pathogen species and strains than conventional culture (30 strains vs. 78 strains, p &lt; 0.01); the most popular pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae. Parts of patients had their antibiotic treatment adjustments, and the improvement patients showed less usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics.ConclusionsmNGS may play a relatively important role in detecting mixed pathogens and personalized antibiotic treatment in immunocompromised patients assisted by vv-ECMO.
Relationship between lifestyle and metabolic factors and carotid atherosclerosis: A survey of 47,063 fatty and non-fatty liver patients in China
Authors: Zhang Chun , Wang Jiangang , Ding Siqing , Gan Gang , Li Lijun , Li Ying , Chen Zhiheng , Duan Yinglong , Xie Jianfei , Cheng Andy S. K. 
Published: August 2022

Background and aimsCarotid atherosclerosis and stenosis are common lesions of the artery wall that form the basis of cardiovascular events. Compared with coronary atherosclerosis, few studies have explored the influencing factors of carotid atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to explore the influencing factors of carotid atherosclerosis and carotid stenosis without and with fatty liver disease (FLD).MethodsA total of 47,063 adults were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The color Doppler ultrasound, including metabolic factors and lifestyle surveys, was used to determine whether the participants had FLD and carotid artery disease. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the influencing factors of lifestyle and metabolism of carotid atherosclerosis and stenosis in the participants with and without FLD.ResultsIn participants without FLD, current alcohol consumption (OR: 0.749, 95% CI: 0.588) and hip circumference (OR: 0.970, 95% CI: 0.961, 0.979) were the main protective factors for carotid atherosclerosis. Systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.022, 95% CI: 1.019, 1.025) and diastolic blood pressure (OR: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.010), elevated fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.012, 95% CI: 1.005, 1.019), and non-sedentary behavior (OR: 1.084, 95% CI: 1.014, 1.160) were the main risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis. Hip circumference (OR: 0.932, 95% CI: 0.910, 0.954) and low-density lipoprotein (OR: 0.979, 95% CI: 0.964, 0.994) were protective factors for carotid stenosis. Smoking (OR: 3.525, 95% CI: 1.113, 11.169) and unqualified exercise (OR: 1.402, 95% CI: 1.083, 1.815) were risk factors for carotid stenosis. In participants with FLD, smoking (OR: 0.827, 95% CI: 0.703, 0.973) and hip circumference (OR: 0.967, 95% CI: 0.958, 0.977) were the main protective factors for carotid atherosclerosis. BMI 18.5–23.9 (OR: 1.163, 95% CI: 1.002, 1.351), non-sedentary behavior (OR: 1.086, 95% CI: 1.009, 1.168), and waist circumference (OR: 1.030, 95% CI: 1.022, 1.038) were the main risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.ConclusionBased on a large-sample check-up population in China, this study investigated the influencing factors of carotid atherosclerosis and carotid stenosis in fatty liver and non-fatty liver patients and explored the influencing factors of metabolism and lifestyle, which were mainly focused on exercise, sedentary behavior, smoking, alcohol consumption, hip circumference, and blood pressure.
Students’ learning approaches as a factor of academic achievement at selected public universities: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Negash Tadese Tamire , Eshete Million Tesfaye , Hanago Getu Ataro 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionExcellence in anesthesia education has been advocated to meet the current and future needs of society. Universities play a key role in creating a conducive climate for learning and facilitating the development of expected competencies among graduates. This study assessed students’ learning approaches and their relationship with their academic achievement at two selected public universities in Ethiopia.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 anesthesia students. All 3rd- and 4th-year students were recruited for the study. Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) was used to assess students’ learning approaches. Perceived performance, cumulative grade point average (cGPA), and 100 MCQ items were used to assess academic achievement. Data were entered into Epi-data and exported to SPSS for statistical analysis. An independent t-test was used to determine the presence of a difference in academic achievement across learning approaches. Bivariate and multivariable linear regressions were fitted to assess the association of students’ characteristics and learning approaches with their academic achievement. A P-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance.ResultThere were no statistically significant differences between the groups on most of the learning approaches and academic achievement measures. In multivariable linear regression, university entrance exam results, students’ perception of the definition of learning, and a deep approach to learning were found to be the predictors of students’ academic achievement (β = 0.004 and P = 0.03, β = 0.14 and P = 0.015, and β = 0.13 and P = 0.023), respectively.ConclusionIn this study, students mainly follow deep approaches to learning, and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups on most of the learning approach measures and academic achievements. Entrance exam results, positive perception of the definition of learning, and a deep approach to learning were found to be positive predictors of academic achievement. Emphasis has to be given to improving students’ learning approaches for better academic achievement and success.
Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on arrhythmias and its subtypes in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Jinjing , Wang Ruxin , Ye Haowen , Wang Ying , Wang Lihong , Zhang Xiaofang 
Published: August 2022

PurposeAn update of a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of arrhythmias and their subtypes in type 2 diabetic patients receiving glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) medication according to data from the Cardiovascular Outcome Trial(CVOT).MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCT) on GLP-1RA therapy and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients published in full-text journal databases such as MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Clinical Trials.gov, and the Cochrane Library from establishment to March 1, 2022 were searched. We assessed the quality of individual studies by the Cochrane risk-of-bias algorithm. RevMan 5.4.1 software was use for calculating meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 60,081 randomized participants were included in the data of these 8 GLP-1RA cardiovascular outcomes trials. Pooled analysis reported no significant effect on total arrhythmia [RR=0.96, 95% CI (0.96, 1.05), p =0.36], and its subtypes such as atrial fibrillation [RR=0.96, 95% CI (0.86, 1.07), p =0.43], atrial flutter [RR= 0.82, 95% CI (0.57, 1.19), p =0.30], atrial tachycardia [RR=0.64, 95% CI (0.20, 2.01), p =0.44)], sinoatrial node dysfunction [RR=0.74, 95% CI (0.44, 1.25), p =0.26], ventricular preterm systole [RR=1.42, 95% CI (0.62, 3.26), p =0.41], second degree AV block [RR=0.96, 95% CI (0.53, 1.72), p =0.88], complete AV block [RR=0.75, 95% CI (0.49, 1.17), p =0.21], ventricular fibrillation [RR=1.00, 95% CI (0.50, 2.02), p =1.00], ventricular tachycardia [RR=1.37, 95% CI (0.91, 2.08), p =0.13] from treatment with GLP-1RA versus placebo. However, the risk of hypoglycemia was reduced by about 30% [RR=0.70, 95% CI (0.57, 0.87), p=0.001] and the risk of pneumonia by about 25% [RR=0.85, 95% CI (0.75, 0.97), p=0.01], both statistically significant differences.ConclusionIn type 2 diabetic patients, treatment with GLP-1RA has no significant effect on the risk of major arrhythmias but significantly reduces the risk of hypoglycemia and pneumonia.
Fecal microbiota transplantation treatment of autoimmune-mediated type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: He Lina , Chen Rongping , Zhang Bangzhou , Zhang Shuo , Khan Barkat Ali , Zhu Dan , Wu Zezhen , Xiao Chuanxing , Chen Baolong , Chen Fengwu , Hou Kaijian 
Published: August 2022

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune-mediated disease characterized by a reduced or absolute lack of insulin secretion and often associated with a range of vascular and neurological complications for which there is a lack of effective treatment other than lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments such as insulin injections. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota is involved in mediating the onset and development of many fecal and extrafecal diseases, including autoimmune T1DM. In recent years, many cases of gut microbiota transplantation for diseases of the bowel and beyond have been reported worldwide, and this approach has been shown to be safe and effective. Here, we conducted an experimental treatment study in two adolescent patients diagnosed with autoimmune T1DM for one year. Patients received one to three rounds of normal fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) and were followed for up to 30 weeks. Clinical outcomes were measured, including biochemical indices, medication regimen, and dosage adjustment. Fecal microbiota metagenomic sequencing after transplantation provides a reference for more reasonable and effective microbiota transplantation protocols to treat autoimmune T1DM. Our results suggest that FMT is an effective treatment for autoimmune T1DM.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100045789.
A bibliometric and scientific knowledge-map study of the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (NK) cell-related research from 2010 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Juan , Chen Peng , Miao Lele 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesAs emerging adoptive immunotherapy after CAR-T cell therapy, CAR-NK cell therapy has been developing rapidly in recent years. Presently, the research on CAR-NK cells has become a hotspot in the field of tumor immunotherapy.MethodsIn this descriptive study, CtieSpace and VOSviewer were used to perform the bibliometric and scientific knowledge-map analysis of articles and reviews related to CAR-NK cells.Results5371 authors from 715 institutions in 65 countries published 1028 papers about CAR-NK cells in 346 journals. The number of publications related to CAR-NK cells was increasing overall, especially from 2018 to 2021. The United States was in a leading position. The most active institution was Univ Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center (USA). The journal with the most publications was Frontiers in immunology, and the most co-cited journal was Blood. The researcher with the most published papers was Winfried S. Wels, while the most co-cited researcher was Shannon L Maude. The research of CAR-NK cells in hematological malignancies and solid tumors (especially the selection of targets and the evaluation of efficacy and safety) was a research hotspot in this field. The emerging topics mainly included three aspects. First, further improve the proliferation and persistence of NK cells in vivo. Secondly, optimizing and improving the CAR structure for NK cells to improve the anti-tumor ability of CAR-NK cells. Thirdly, the related research of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology in constructing engineered immune cells.ConclusionIn this study, a bibliometric and scientific knowledge-map study provided a unique and objective perspective for the CAR-NK cell field. This information would provide a helpful reference for researchers interested in this field.
Field investigation of steel pipe pile under lateral loading in extensively soft soil
Authors: Yi Shixuan , Liu Jianmei 
Published: August 2022

The construction of railway and highway embankments has a significant influence on the behavior of existing pile foundations, especially in the situation of high embankments and extensively soft soils, which are commonly encountered in coastal areas. A high embankment might produce large lateral movement and bending moment to the existing adjacent piles, which would cause the failure of the pile if the surcharge loading is not properly considered. A field test was designed and performed to investigate the effect of lateral surcharge loading on the existing adjacent pile in extensively soft soils. A 4 m high embankment was constructed in five lifts and was close to the existing adjacent steel pipe pile with a length of 35 m. The deformation of the pile and the soft soils, the excess pore water pressure, and lateral earth pressures were measured during the surcharge loading test. The test results showed that the lateral displacement of the steel pipe pile at the ground surface exceeded 229.9 mm and could not maintain constant due to the surcharge loading. The lateral displacement decreased along with the pile depth and was relatively small when the pile depth exceeded 10 m. Large lateral displacements were observed in the soft soils at different locations. The surcharge loading zone showed obvious downward displacements, while the soft soils close to the loading zone showed upward displacements. The excess pore water pressure changed regularly with the construction of the embankment, and its maximum value reached 53.6 kPa. The lateral earth pressures that acted on the pile continuously increased with the increase in the embankment height, which caused large deformation of the pile.
Activation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ameliorates metabolic syndrome-induced renal damage in rats by renal TLR4 and nuclear transcription factor κB downregulation
Authors: El-Domiaty Heba F. , Sweed Eman , Kora Mona A. , Zaki Nader G. , Khodir Suzan A. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) through many mechanisms, including activation of the renin–angiotensin system. The deleterious effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) can be counterbalanced by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Diminazene aceturate (DIZE), an anti-trypanosomal drug, can activate ACE2.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the possible reno-protective effects of DIZE in MetS rats with elucidation of related mechanisms.Materials and methodsThirty adult male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into control, MetS, and MetS + DIZE groups. Body weight, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and urinary albumin levels were measured. Serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin, uric acid, lipid profile, urea, and creatinine were measured. Homeostasis Model Assessment Index (HOMA-IR) was estimated. Subsequently, renal levels of ACE2, Ang II, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured with histopathological and immunohistochemical assessment of TLR4 and NF-κB in renal tissues.ResultsMetS caused dyslipidemia with significant increases in body weight, SBP, FBG, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, uric acid, urea, creatinine, urinary albumin, and renal levels of Ang II, MDA, and TNF-α, whereas renal ACE2 and GSH were significantly decreased. Renal TLR4 and NF-κB immunoreactivity in MetS rats was upregulated. DIZE supplementation of MetS rats induced significant improvements in renal function parameters; this could be explained by the ability of DIZE to activate renal ACE2 and decrease renal Ang II levels with downregulation of renal TLR4 and NF-κB expression.ConclusionDIZE exerts a reno-protective effect in MetS, mainly by downregulating renal TLR4 and NF-κB levels.
Ultra-early endovascular treatment improves prognosis in High grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wu Botao , Huang Zhe , Liu Huan , He Jiayao , Ju Yan , Chen Ziwei , Zhang Taiwei , Yi Fuxin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe long-term survival prognosis of patients with high-grade (Hunt-Hess grade IV–V or World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade IV–V) aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is generally poor, and the association between endovascular treatment timing and the prognosis of high-grade aSAH has not been explored in depth. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine whether endovascular treatment within 24 h of high-grade aSAH is associated with a better prognosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with high-grade aSAH who were admitted to our institution between January 2018 and January 2021. The Modified Rankin Scale score was used to assess the 6-month prognosis of patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with prognosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the model's discriminatory ability.ResultsEighty-six patients were included in the study. In the multivariate analysis, the timing of endovascular treatment (odds ratio = 7.003 [1.800–27.242], P = 0.005) was an independent risk factor for prognosis. The ROC curve showed that the predictive power of the timing of endovascular treatment was 0.744, the best cut-off value was 12.5 h, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 71.4 and 70.5%, respectively. Hydrocephalus (P = 0.005) and pulmonary infection (P = 0.029) were also associated with prognosis. In addition, cerebrospinal fluid drainage immediately after endovascular treatment had a significant effect on reducing hydrocephalus formation.ConclusionsEndovascular therapy within 24 h is feasible and improves the prognosis of patients with high-grade aSAH.
Neuroprotection in neurodegenerations of the brain and eye: Lessons from the past and directions for the future
Authors: Levin Leonard A. , Patrick Christopher , Choudry Nozhat B. , Sharif Najam A. , Goldberg Jeffrey L. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundNeurological and ophthalmological neurodegenerative diseases in large part share underlying biology and pathophysiology. Despite extensive preclinical research on neuroprotection that in many cases bridges and unifies both fields, only a handful of neuroprotective therapies have succeeded clinically in either.Main bodyUnderstanding the commonalities among brain and neuroretinal neurodegenerations can help develop innovative ways to improve translational success in neuroprotection research and emerging therapies. To do this, analysis of why translational research in neuroprotection fails necessitates addressing roadblocks at basic research and clinical trial levels. These include optimizing translational approaches with respect to biomarkers, therapeutic targets, treatments, animal models, and regulatory pathways.ConclusionThe common features of neurological and ophthalmological neurodegenerations are useful for outlining a path forward that should increase the likelihood of translational success in neuroprotective therapies.