bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Immediate Effect of Pneumatic and Conventional Knee Braces on Gait, Satisfaction and Pain in Patients With Knee Medial Osteoarthritis
Authors: Rezaei Mehdi , Daryabor Aliyeh , Khosravi Mobina , Pour Samira Hassan , Saeedi Hassan 
Published: December 2022

Background/Aims Knee braces can change loading direction on knees in people with osteoarthritis, thereby reducing symptoms and progression of the disease. The aims of this study were to explore the immediate effect of two types of braces, a pneumatic knee brace with air pressure embedded in a sandal cuff (sandal cuff pressure) and a conventional knee brace on gait, pain and satisfaction during walking in patients with knee medial osteoarthritis. Methods A total of 28 patients with knee medial osteoarthritis were assigned to two groups, 14 patients used a conventional brace and 14 used a prototype brace with a pneumatic system, which was designed and fabricated by the authors, and followed the mechanism of variable pressures in the stance and swing phases of a gait cycle in a patient’s knee. The gait parameters (walking self-selected speed, cadence, stride length, knee range of motion, and maximum knee adduction moment) were measured with a Kistler force plate and Vicon motion analysis under two conditions: with and without brace for the conventional brace group, and under three conditions of no brace, brace with sandal cuff pressure, and brace without sandal cuff pressure for the pneumatic brace group. Patients’ pain and satisfaction were also measured using a visual analogue scale and Likert scale respectively. Results Both groups showed a significant reduction in maximum knee adduction moment and pain wearing braces in comparison to no brace during walking (P<0.05). The knee range of motion was significantly decreased in the pneumatic brace group with and without sandal cuff pressure compared with no brace (P<0.001). No significant difference was found for any of the variables when using the pneumatic brace with and without sandal cuff pressure (P>0.05). In the between-group comparison, only patients’ satisfaction was significantly reduced when using the pneumatic brace in both walking with (P=0.041) and without (P=0.02) sandal cuff pressure compared to those using the conventional brace. Conclusions Both conventional and pneumatic braces led to reduced knee adduction moment and pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, using a pneumatic brace reduced the knee range of motion and satisfaction of patients, which could be because the brace was a prototype.
Consultation in out-of-hours practice: a clinical review of Lyme disease
Authors: Brydon Sharon , MacVicar Sonya 
Published: December 2022

In this article Sharon Brydon and Dr Sonya MacVicar highlight the importance of reaching a shared decision with the patient understanding the perceived risk and benefits of treatment In recent times, telephone triage and virtual consultation have been expedited in the out-of-hours urgent primary care setting. This brings challenges concerning gaining a comprehensive history and building a therapeutic relationship between nurse prescriber and patient. This article presents a clinical review of Lyme disease to explore consultation models and how implementing a hybrid consultation approach may support the practitioner to develop safe prescribing practices and optimise patient expectations. This review of Lyme disease management highlights the sparse, low-quality evidence available, with national guidance indicating antimicrobial treatment for those who present with an erythema migrans rash prior to laboratory testing confirmation. This reinforces the importance of reaching a shared decision with the patient understanding the perceived risk and benefits of treatment. The factors discussed include Lyme disease prevention and how the practitioner ensures safety netting in the out-of-hours setting.
A systematic review of multicentric giant cell tumour with the presentation of three cases at long-term follow-up
Authors: Trovarelli Giulia , Pala Elisa , Angelini Andrea , Ruggieri Pietro 
Published: December 2022

Aims We performed a systematic literature review to define features of patients, treatment, and biological behaviour of multicentric giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone. Methods The search terms used in combination were “multicentric”, “giant cell tumour”, and “bone”. Exclusion criteria were: reports lacking data, with only an abstract; papers not reporting data on multicentric GCT; and papers on multicentric GCT associated with other diseases. Additionally, we report three patients treated under our care. Results A total of 52 papers reporting on 104 patients were included in the analysis, with our addition of three patients. Multicentric GCT affected predominantly young people at a mean age of 22 years (10 to 62), manifesting commonly as metachronous tumours. The mean interval between the first and subsequent lesions was seven years (six months to 27 years). Synchronous lesions were observed in one-third of the patients. Surgery was curettage in 63% of cases (163 lesions); resections or amputation were less frequent. Systemic treatments were used in 10% (n = 14) of patients. Local recurrence and distant metastases were common. Conclusion Multicentric GCT is rare, biologically aggressive, and its course is unpredictable. Patients with GCT should be followed indefinitely, and referred promptly if new symptoms, particularly pain, emerge. Denosumab can have an important role in the treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(12):1352–1361.
Simultaneous Brillouin and piezoelectric coupling to a high-frequency bulk acoustic resonator
Authors: Yoon Taekwan , Mason David , Jain Vijay , Chu Yiwen , Kharel Prashanta , Renninger William H. , Collins Liam , Frunzio Luigi , Schoelkopf Robert J. , Rakich Peter T. 
Published: December 2022

Bulk acoustic resonators support robust, long-lived mechanical modes, capable of coupling to various quantum systems. In separate works, such devices have achieved strong coupling to both superconducting qubits, via piezoelectricity, and optical cavities, via Brillouin interactions. In this work, we present a hybrid microwave–optical platform capable of coupling to bulk acoustic waves through cavity-enhanced piezoelectric and photoelastic interactions. The modular, tunable system achieves fully resonant and well-mode-matched interactions among a 3D microwave cavity, a high-frequency bulk acoustic resonator, and a Fabry–Perot cavity. We realize this piezo–Brillouin interaction in x-cut quartz, demonstrating the potential for strong optomechanical interactions and high cooperativity using optical cavity enhancement. We further show how this device functions as a bidirectional electro–opto–mechanical transducer, with transduction efficiency exceeding

10

−
8

, and a feasible path towards unity conversion efficiency. The high optical sensitivity and ability to apply a large resonant microwave field in this system also offers a tool for probing anomalous electromechanical couplings, which we demonstrate by investigating (nominally centrosymmetric)

C
a
F

2

and revealing a parasitic piezoelectricity of 83 am/V. Such studies are an important topic for emerging quantum technologies, and highlight the versatility of this hybrid platform.
Effect of different electrostimulation currents on female urinary incontinence: A protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Escandiusi Avramidis Raissa , Barbosa Angélica Mércia Pascon , Thomaz de Aquino Nava Guilherme , Hikaru Nagami Danielle , Prudencio Caroline Baldini , Rodrigues Pedroni Cristiane 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) is characterized by involuntary urine leakage immediately after reporting of sudden, compelling desire to void. Electrostimulation and non-invasive neuromodulation have been considered as the first and third line of UUI treatment but there is a lack of consensus on which parameters are more efficient. Thus, this study aims to compare the effect of low versus medium frequency currents on urinary incontinence severity and quality of life in women with UUI complains.

Methods
It will be a randomized controlled trial with 5 arms, double-blinded (outcome assessor and statistician). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 11479119.9.0000.5406) and has been prospectively registered on the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-8bkkp6). Concerning, double-blind process, the blinded assessor will be responsible for evaluate primary and secondary outcomes at baseline and follow-up without information about allocation and the statistician will perform analyses without information about group codification. One hundred and five participants will be randomized to receive: (1) Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation-low frequency, (2) Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation-high frequency, (3) Aussie median frequency, (4) Interferencial median frequency or (5) High voltage stimulation. The application will be performed during 20 sessions of 45-minutes, twice a week for 10 weeks, in groups of maximum 5 participants. The participants will be evaluated before treatment (baseline- 0 week), during the treatment (5 weeks) and after the last treatment session (10 weeks). The primary outcomes measures will be UI severity and quality of life, and the secondary outcome will be pelvic floor strength. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software version 24.0 for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The variables will be described by the mean and 95% confidence interval. The distribution of normality will be analyzed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. ANOVA for repeated measures will be performed. Mauchly’s test the hypothesis of sphericity and when if this violated the hypotheses, the analyses will be based on the Greenhouse-Geisser test. Peer-to-peer comparisons will be performed using the Bonferroni Post-Hoc test. The significant level adopted will be 5% (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
This study will enhance knowledge about effect of different neuromodulation currents in the improvement of UUI.
Wheelchair skill tests in wheelchair Basketball: A systematic review
Authors: Ferreira da Silva Carlos Mariano Aguiar , de Sá Karina Santos Guedes , Bauermann Andreia , Borges Mariane , de Castro Amorim Minerva , Rossato Mateus , Gorla José Irineu , de Athayde Costa e Silva Anselmo 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify, describe and synthesize the skill tests used in wheelchair basketball.MethodA systematic review was carried out in the databases: PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of science and Google Scholar from inception to January 2021 with up to date in January 2022. the eligibility criteria used were Inclusion: (i) evaluation of wheelchair basketball athletes; (ii) using skill tests (defined as agility, speed, ball maneuverability, slalom, etc.) and (iii) papers needed to be written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals. Exclusion: (i) papers with poor description of the test methodology, (ii) participants not classified as wheelchair basketball athletes (less than one year of practice) and (iii) Participants were not people without disabilities.ResultsOur main findings were: a) the most explored skills were pass and speed, and the most frequent test was the pass tests and sprint tests, b) Strong associations were found between sports classes and performance in field tests, c) The most used tests for each skill were: pass = pass accuracy and maximum pass; speed = 20m sprint test with and without the ball; agility = slalom test; dribbling = obstacle dribbling tests and throw = free throw and spot shot.ConclusionThe most explored skills were passing and speed, and to evaluate these skills we highlight the two-handed chest pass test, 20m sprint test with ball and the WMP test. The use of specific tests can facilitate the creation of reference standards and possible comparison of athletes and, thus, enable better training conditions, aiming to meet the specific demands of each athlete and team.
Validating emergency department cardioversion procedures in provincial administrative data in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Atzema Clare L. , Stiell Ian G. , Chong Alice S. , Austin Peter C. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Cardioversion of acute-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) via electrical or pharmacological means is a common procedure performed in many emergency departments. While these procedures appear to be very safe, the rarity of subsequent adverse outcomes such as stroke would require huge sample sizes to confirm that conclusion. Big data can supply such sample sizes.

Objective
We aimed to validate several potential codes for successful emergency department cardioversion of AF patients.

Methods
This study combined 3 observational datasets of emergency department AF visits seen at one of 26 hospitals in Ontario, Canada, between 2008 and 2012. We linked patients who were eligible for emergency department cardioversion to several province-wide health administrative datasets to search for the associated cardioversion billing and procedural codes. Using the observational data as the gold standard for successful cardioversion, we calculated the test characteristics of a billing code (Z437) and of procedural codes 1.HZ.09JAFS and 1.HZ.09JAJS. Both include pharmacological and electrical cardioversions, as well as unsuccessful attempts; the latter is <10% using electricity (in Canada, standard practice is to proceed to electrical cardioversion if pharmacological cardioversion is unsuccessful).

Results
Of 4557 unique patients in the three datasets, 2055 (45.1%) were eligible for cardioversion. Nine hundred thirty-three (45.4%) of these were successfully cardioverted to normal sinus rhythm. The billing code had slightly better test characteristics overall than the procedural codes. Positive predictive value (PPV) of a billing was 89.8% (95% CI, 87.0–92.2), negative predictive value (NPV) 70.5% (95% CI, 68.1–72.8), sensitivity 52.1% (95% CI, 48.8–55.3), and specificity 95.1% (95% CI, 93.7–96.3).

Conclusions
AF patients who have been successfully cardioverted in an emergency department can be identified with high PPV and specificity using a billing code. Studies that require high sensitivity for cardioversion should consider other methods to identify cardioverted patients.
Changes in the determinants and spatial distribution of under-five stunting in Bangladesh: Evidence from Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys (BDHS) 1996–97, 2014 and 2017/18
Authors: Saha U. R. , van Wesenbeeck C. F. A. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Bangladesh has experienced tremendous change in child nutrition over the past few decades, but there are large differences between different regions in progress made. The question is whether continuation of current policies will bring the progress needed to reach national and international targets on child nutrition security.

Data and methods
Using national data BDHS 1996/97, 2014, and 2017, this study attempts to map such reductions across Bangladesh and to explore the distribution of covariate effects (joint effects) that are associated with childhood stunting over these two periods, overall and by region. The main contribution of this paper is to link observed stunting scores to a household profile. This implies that different variables are evaluated jointly with stunting to assess the likelihood of being associated with stunting.

Results
Overall, the covariates: ‘Parental levels of education’, ‘children older than one year old’, ‘children live in rural area’, ‘children born at home’ formed the country winning profile in 1996/97, whereas parental levels of education disappear in the winning profile for children stunted in 2014. This implies that over the years, Bangladesh has been successful in addressing parental education for long-term reductions in child undernutrition. In addition, the diversity of profiles of households with stunted children increases over time, pointing at successful targeting of policies to increase food security among children over the period. However, in areas where improvements have been insignificant, also the profiles remain stable, indicating a failure of policies to reach the target populations. The analysis for 2017 confirms this picture: the diversity of profiles remains high, with little change in the dominant profiles.

Conclusion
Further decline in stunting is possible through region specific multipronged interventions, targeting children older than one year among vulnerable groups, in addition with strengthening family planning programs as larger families also have a higher risk to have stunted children. In general, the profiles in 2014 and 2017/18 are much more diverse than in 1996, which can be explained by the relative success of specific targeted policies in some divisions, while being much less successful in other regions. In sum, our results suggest that the challenge lies in the implementation of policies, rather than in the generic approach and assumed theory of change.
Psychological distress among people living with chronic medical illness and the general population, Northwest Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study
Authors: Tareke Minale , Bayeh Agegnehu Berie , Birhanu Minyichil , Belete Amsalu 
Published: December 2022

Background
Psychological distress is often linked to and negatively affects the outcomes of chronic medical conditions; however, data on psychological distress and its predictors among individuals with chronic medical illnesses are scarce in developing countries like Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was to assess the magnitude and predictors of psychological distress among people living with chronic medical illness and the general population.

Methods
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Mecha demographic research center, Northwest Ethiopia. The participants were selected from the general population and outpatient departments. Kessler-10 (K-10) was used to assess psychological distress.

Result
The magnitude of psychological distress among people living with chronic medical illness and those from the general population was 62.0% and 35.1%, respectively. The odds of psychological distress in people living with chronic medical illness was three times more than the one in the general population. Divorced marital status, family history of chronic medical illness, and low social support were statistically significantly associated with psychological distress in both groups.

Conclusion
The magnitude of psychological distress was significantly higher among people living with chronic medical illness. Routine screening of such cases for psychological distress during their visits for their medical illness helps take appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Depressive symptoms and HIV risk behaviours among adolescents enrolled in the HPTN071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa
Authors: Shanaube Kwame , Gachie Thomas , Hoddinott Graeme , Schaap Albertus , Floyd Sian , Mainga Tila , Bond Virginia , Hayes Richard , Fidler Sarah , Ayles Helen ,   on behalf of the HPTN071 (PopART) Study Team
Published: December 2022

Background
Mental health is a critical and neglected public health problem for adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper we aim to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the association with HIV risk behaviours in adolescents aged 15–19 years in Zambia and SA.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey from August-November 2017 in seven control communities of HPTN 071 (PopART) trial (a community-randomised trial of universal HIV testing and treatment), enrolling approximately 1400 eligible adolescents. HIV-status was self-reported. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), with a positive screen if adolescents scored ≥12. We fitted a logistic regression model to identify correlates of depressive symptoms with subgroup analyses among those who self-reported ever having had sex, by gender and country.

Results
Out of 6997 households approached, 6057 (86.6%) were enumerated. 2546 adolescents were enumerated of whom 2120 (83.3%) consented to participate and were administered the SMFQ. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 584/2120 (27.6%) [95%CI: 25.7%-29.5%]. Adolescents in SA were less likely to experience depressive symptoms (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.63 (95% CI: 0.50, 0.79), p-value<0.0001).
Female adolescents (AOR = 1.46 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.81), p-value<0.0001); those who reported ever having sex and being forced into sex (AOR = 1.80 (95% CI: 1.45, 2.23), p-value<0.001) and AOR = 1.67 (95% CI: 0.99, 2.84); p-value = 0.057 respectively) were more likely to experience depressive symptoms. Among 850 (40.1%) adolescents who self-reported to ever having had sex; those who used alcohol/drugs during their last sexual encounter were more likely to experience depressive symptoms (AOR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.37, 3.47); p-value = 0.001), whereas those who reported using a condom were less likely to experience depressive symptoms (AOR = 0.74 (95% CI: 0.55, 1.00); p-value = 0.053).

Conclusion
The prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents ranged from 25–30% and was associated with increased HIV-risk behaviour.
BREAKOUT EDU METODOLOGIAREN ERABILERA GURASOEI ZUZENDUTAKO JARDUERETAN: ESKUHARTZE BATEN EBALUAZIOA
Authors: Etxague Itxaro , Altuna Jon , Lareki Arkaitz 
Published: December 2022

Informazio eta Komunikazio Teknologien eskuragarritasunak zein erabilera anitzak komunikatzeko modu berriak ekarri ditu egungo jendartera. Teknologia digitalek, ordea, espazio segurua eta aberatsa izan behar dute parekoekin harremantzeko eta norbanakoaren ikaskuntza eta garapen prozesuan aurrera jarraitzeko. Egoera honen aurrean, zenbait eskolek teknologia digitalen erabilera arduratsua bultzatzea helburu duten hainbat hezkuntza esku-hartze eskaintzen dituzte, ikasleei zein haien gurasoei zuzenduak. Lan honen helburua gurasoei zuzendutako hezkuntza esku-hartze bat ebaluatzea eta aztertzea da. Aurrera eramandako esku-hartze horren xedea teknologia digitalen erabilera arduratsua lantzea da eta, horretarako, breakout edu jarduera erabili da. Guztira, bi ikastetxetako 37 gurasok parte hartu dute. Emaitzen artean gurasoek jarduerari buruz egindako balorazio positiboa nabarmentzen da, batez ere saioan izandako eztabaida giro aberasgarria eta proposaturiko ariketaren lankidetza izaera. Lan honetan ikusiko dugun moduan, mota honetako jarduera berritzaileak ikasleekin lan egiteko aberasgarri eta eraginkorrak izateaz gain, gurasoekin lantzeko ere baliagarriak ote diren aztertu da.
Notas sobre o eixo viário Olisipo – Bracara e a sua epigrafia
Authors: Mantas Vasco Gil 
Published: December 2022

Os testemunhos epigráficos, sobretudo os miliários, são essenciais para a reconstituição do traçado de estradas romanas e para esboçar a sua história, em particular naqueles casos em que os vestígios materiais das mesmas escasseiam.
O longo itinerário que ligava Olisipo a Bracara encontra-se nessa situação, contando com meia centena de miliários, com desigual repartição, alguns achados recentemente, justificando uma nova apreciação deste razoável corpus e de alguns dos problemas ainda em aberto.