bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhamnose Is Superior to Mannitol as a Monosaccharide in the Dual Sugar Absorption Test: A Prospective Randomized Study in Children With Treatment-Naïve Celiac Disease
Authors: Holtz Lori R. , Hoffmann Julie , Linneman Laura , He Mai , Smyrk Thomas C. , Liu Ta-Chiang , Shaikh Nurmohammad , Rodriguez Cynthia , Dyer Roy B. , Singh Ravinder J. , Faubion William A. 
Published: April 2022

Background and AimWe sought to correlate two different measures of gut permeability [lactulose:mannitol (L:M) and lactulose:rhamnose (L:R)] to the severity of duodenal histopathology in children with and without elevated antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (tTG). A secondary objective was to correlate gut permeability with celiac disease (CD) serology and indices of inflammation and bacterial product translocation.MethodsWe prospectively randomized children undergoing endoscopy with abnormal (n = 54) and normal (n = 10) concentrations of circulating antibodies to tTG, to either L:M or L:R. Biopsies underwent modified Marsh scoring to measure mucosal injury. Circulating anticore Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) IgG, α-1 acid glycoprotein, LPS-binding protein, and C-reactive protein concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassays.ResultsOf the 54 cases with positive celiac serology, 31 and 69% had modified Marsh 0/1 scores or ≥3a, respectively. Circulating tTG IgA correlated with the modified Marsh score (p = 0.03). L:R, but not L:M or percent L excreted, differed according to modified Marsh scores (p = 0.01). There was no significant association between any systemic marker of inflammation or gut injury, and modified Marsh scores. Concerningly, most participants had evidence of urinary M before the challenge sugar was administered.ConclusionsL:R, but not L:M, is associated with modified Marsh scores in children undergoing small bowel biopsy for suspected CD. Despite increased intestinal permeability, we see scant evidence of systemic exposure to gut microbes in these children. Gut permeability testing with L:R may predict which patients with abnormal celiac serology will have biopsy evidence for celiac disease and reduce the proportion of such patients undergoing endoscopy whose Marsh scores are ≤1. M should not be used as a monosaccharide for permeability testing in children.
Preoperative MRI Evaluation of Hand Vessels in Children With Congenital Syndactyly Malformation by a Contrast-Enhanced Three-Dimensional Water-Selective Cartilage Scan
Authors: Liu Bo , Cai Jinhua , Tian Xiaofei , Huang Kaiping , Liu Daisong , Zheng Helin , Wang Longlun , Yang Jing , Xu Hongrong 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundIt is crucial to preoperatively assess the arteries of the hands in congenital syndactyly malformation (CSM) patients because this information can affect the therapeutic outcome and prognosis.ObjectiveTo investigate the value of a contrast-enhanced three-dimensional water-selective cartilage scan for the preoperative evaluation of CSM in children.Materials and MethodsContrast-enhanced three-dimensional water-selective cartilage scan 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in 16 clinically diagnosed CSM patients with 17 affected hands. The arteries of the hands were displayed with a focus on the bifurcation position of the common palmar digital arteries (CPDAs) and the maturity of the proper palmar digital arteries (PPDAs). The MRI results were interpreted by consensus between two experienced pediatric radiologists with 10 years of MRI experience each. The MRI findings were compared with the operation results.ResultsOf 51 CPDAs in the 17 affected hands, MRI showed that 30 had an abnormal bifurcation position and 20 had a normal position, and of the 102 PPDAs, 14 were shown to have an abnormal maturity and 85 a normal state, which were confirmed by surgery. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for determining the bifurcation position of the CPDAs based on MR maximum intensity projection reconstructed images were 98.04% (50/51), 96.77% (30/31) and 100% (20/20), respectively. The maturity of the PPDAs was judged by MR maximum intensity projection reconstructed images with an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 97.06% (99/102), 82.35% (14/17) and 100% (85/85), respectively.ConclusionContrast-enhanced three-dimensional water-selective cartilage scan has excellent performance in displaying the bifurcation position of the CPDAs and the maturity of the PPDAs and is of high value for the preoperative evaluation of CSM in children.
Comparative Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Injections for Septic Shock: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Huang Peiying , Chen Yan , Zhang Haobo , Chen Bojun , Zhao Shuai , Feng Yuchao , Lei Sisi , Wu Qihua 
Published: April 2022

Background: Septic shock is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have reported that Chinese herbal injections (CHIs) in combination with Western medicine (WM) were more favorable. However, the debate on optimal CHIs is ongoing. The objective of this study is to explore the comparative effectiveness of CHIs for septic shock.Methods: We retrieved data from the English and Chinese databases with retrieval time from database inception to 30 September 2021. Network meta-analysis was performed, with evaluation of methodological quality among the included studies and assessment of strength of evidence among the outcomes.Results: A total of 77 RCTs with 5,647 patients were included. All the studies were rated as some concerns. In terms of 28-days-mortality, Yiqifumai injection (YQFM)+WM, Shuxuetong injection (SXT)+WM, Xuebijing injection (XBJ)+WM, and Shenfu injection (SF)+WM were better than WM; YQFM + WM and SXT + WM were superior for Shenmai injection (SM)+WM; YQFM + WM was superior for SF + WM; YQFM + WM ranked first. Regarding ICU length of stay, SF + WM and XBJ + WM were better than WM; XBJ + WM was superior for SF + WM; XBJ + WM ranked first. Concerning hospital length of stay, Shenqifuzheng injection (SQFZ)+WM, Shengmai injection (SGM)+WM, and XBJ + WM had greater potential than WM and SF + WM; SQFZ + WM ranked first. As for SOFA score at 7-days, XBJ + WM and SF + WM were superior for WM; XBJ + WM was superior for SF + WM; XBJ + WM ranked first. Regarding procalcitonin level at 7-days, SF + WM, SM + WM, and Xiyanping injection (XYP)+WM were better than WM; XYP + WM was superior for SF + WM, SGM + WM, SM + WM, Danshen injection (DS)+WM, and XBJ + WM; XYP + WM ranked first. Concerning serum lactate level at 7-days, SF + WM and SM + WM were more effective than XBJ + WM and WM; SM + WM ranked first. The comparisons were rated as moderate (15.05%), low (40.86%), and very low quality (44.09%); the strength of evidence of ranking probability for hospital length of stay was low whereas the remaining outcomes were rated as very low.Conclusions: CHIs combined with WM might have higher efficacies for septic shock than WM alone. YQFM, XBJ, SQFZ, XYP, SM, SGM, and SF may be the potential optimal CHIs for septic shock. More and better evidence is needed to validate the conclusions.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?, identifier CRD42021282958.
Tle4z1 Facilitate the Male Sexual Differentiation of Chicken Embryos
Authors: Chen Chen , Zhou Shujian , Lian Ziyi , Jiang Jingyi , Gao Xiaomin , Hu Cai , Zuo Qisheng , Zhang Yani , Chen Guohong , Jin Kai , Li Bichun 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundSex differentiation is a complex and precisely regulated process by multiple genes in chicken. However, it is still unclear on the key genes of sex differentiation.ObjectiveTo explore the function of Tle4z1 screened by RNA-seq sequencing on sex differentiation during the development of chicken embryos.MethodsTle4z1 was differentially expressed from the RNA-seq of ESCs and PGCs in male and female chickens. Then, we established an effective method to overexpression or knocking down the expression of Tle4z1 in ovo and in vitro, respectively. Histomorphological observation, qRT-PCR and ELISA were applied to detect the function of Tle4z1 in the process of male sex differentiation by injecting vectors into embryos at day 0.ResultsIt showed that Tle4z1 has significant male preference in embryonic day 4.5, such phenomenon persisted during the growth period of chicken embryos. Morphological observation results showed that the gonads on both sides of genetic male (ZZ) embryos with Tle4z1 knocking down developed asymmetrically, the gonadal cortex became thicker showing the typical characteristics of genetic female (ZW) gonads. Furthermore, the expression of Cyp19a1, which dominates female differentiation, was significantly increased, while the expression of male marker genes Dmrt1, Sox9, WT1 and AR was significantly downregulated. In addition, the concentration of testosterone also significantly decreased, which was positively correlated with the expression of Tle4z1 (P &lt; 0.01). Conversely, the ZW embryo showed defeminized development when Tle4z1 was overexpressed.ConclusionWe prove that the Tle4z1 is a novel gene through the male sexual differentiation via gene regulation process and synthesis of testosterone, which construct the basis for understanding the molecular mechanism of sex differentiation in chickens.
Sexual Activity in Couples Dealing With Breast Cancer. A Cohort Study of Associations With Patient, Partner and Relationship-Related Factors
Authors: Rottmann Nina , Larsen Pia Veldt , Johansen Christoffer , Hagedoorn Mariët , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg , Hansen Dorte Gilså 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveBreast cancer may profoundly affect a couple’s sex life. The present study examines whether patient-, partner- and relationship-related characteristics are associated with sexual activity of couples following breast cancer diagnosis in the treatment phase and over time.MethodsWomen with breast cancer and their male cohabiting partners participated in a longitudinal study in Denmark. Logistic regression was used to examine associations of patient-, partner- and relationship-related characteristics at baseline (≤4 months following surgery) with couples’ sexual activity at baseline, 5 and 12 months later. The longitudinal analyses were stratified for couples’ sexual activity status at baseline.ResultsA total of 722, 533 and 471 couples were included in the analyses at baseline, 5- and 12-months follow-up, respectively. Older age, depressive symptoms and lower vitality of patients were associated with lower odds of couples’ sexual activity at baseline; chemotherapy treatment and older age of patients were associated with lower odds at 5-months follow-up in couples who were not sexually active at baseline. Higher ratings of emotional closeness, affectionate behavior and satisfaction with dyadic coping were associated with higher odds for sexual activity at baseline and over time in couples who were sexually active at baseline.ConclusionSexual counseling during cancer treatment and rehabilitation should include a couple perspective. Relationship-related variables may be a protective factor for remaining sexually active after breast cancer diagnosis. Interventions could focus on strengthening these factors. Health professionals also need to consider the patients’ breast cancer treatment, vitality, and emotional distress in counselling on sexuality.
Toward Sustainable Consumption Behavior in Online Education Industry: The Role of Consumer Value and Social Identity
Authors: Jiang Songyu , Jotikasthira Nuttapong , Pu Ruihui 
Published: April 2022

The prosperous development of online education in the digital age harvested countless consumers. Education for sustainable development is an important proposition for both academic community and practitioner, however, current little studies have shed light on Sustainable Consumption Behavior in online education industry (SCBOEI). The Consumer Value Theory and Social Identity Theory as theoretical basis linked with the field of Sustainable Consumption Behavior. This study is to further investigate the role of consumer value and social identity in the relation to Sustainable Consumption Behavior. Putting forward suggestions from this study to online education providers toward sustainable development.MethodData on the impact of personal value on SCBOEI through a survey method with 552 valid students as respondents are collected from higher education institutions in China. A structural equation modeling approach is employed in this study for data analysis.ResultsThe result shows at the level of excellent model fit as indicated by all indicators: X2/DF = 1.053 (&lt;3), RMSEA = 0.010 (&lt;0.08), CFI = 0.991, GFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.989, AGF = 0.961 (&gt;0.9). The results showed that, through social identity, functional value (indirect effect = 0086, P &lt; 0.001), emotional value (indirect effect = 0061, P &lt; 0.001), and social value (indirect effect = 0.073, P &lt; 0.001) influence the variance of SCBOEI. The finding reveals that both theories can explain the SCBOEI of higher education students by showing that functional, social, and emotional values as well as social identity are powerful predictors of the Sustainable Consumption Behavior. The proposed model highlights the mediating role of social identity between SCBOEI and the three values. The functional, emotional, and social values influence SCBOEI directly and through social identity.ImplicationsThe study significantly contributes to market promotion, college students, education planning, and teaching. Online education market personnel and college students can better understand the significance of sustainable development aspect of online education. Teaching and learning activities help lead students to SCBOEI by shaping their values and identities while paying more attention to quality education, knowledge sharing, and social equality.
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship Among Cytokines, 5-HT2A Receptor Polymorphisms, and Sleep Quality of Non-manual Workers in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wang Juan , Gao Xiaoyan , Gao Pengcheng , Liu Jiwen 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundStudies have shown that cytokine activity changes during the sleep-wake process, suggesting that inflammatory factors may be involved in a mechanism affecting sleep quality. Furthermore, the serotonergic system is also one of the essential components of airway relaxation during sleep, especially the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HTR2A) type that plays an important role in the sleep-wake process. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the effects of cytokines and 5-HTR2A polymorphisms on sleep quality in non-manual workers in Urumqi, Xinjiang in order to explore the relationship between the three.MethodsThis study used a cluster sampling method to randomly select non-manual workers who worked in Urumqi, Xinjiang for at least 1 year. From July 2016 and December 2017, this study recruited 1,500 non-manual workers for physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 1,329 non-manual workers were finally included in the questionnaire study. It used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire to assess sleep quality. Moreover, another 15% of respondents were randomly selected as the experimental study group. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect 5-HTR2A gene genotypes. Simultaneously, the cytokine (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α) content was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunoassay.ResultsThe results showed that among the 1,329 respondents, 870 had sleep quality problems, and the detection rate was 65.46%. The distribution of −1438G/A genotypes in the 5-HTR2A gene was significantly different among different sleep quality groups (p &lt; 0.05), with no statistical significance present when comparing to T102C (p &gt; 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the AG [odds ratio (OR) = 2.771, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.054–7.287] and GG (OR = 4.037, 95% CI: 1.244–13.105) genotypes at −1438G/A loci were both associated with poor sleep quality and were thus considered the susceptibility genotypes for sleep problems. Furthermore, IL-1β was shown to be a protective factor for sleep quality (OR = 0.949, 95% CI: 0.925–0.974). The interaction results showed that AG × IL-1β (OR = 0.952, 95% CI: 0.918–0.987) was associated with a lower risk of sleep problems than AA × IL-1β.ConclusionCytokines and 5-HTR2A polymorphisms not only have independent effects on sleep but also may have cumulative effects. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the related mechanisms affecting sleep quality to improve the sleep quality of non-manual workers.
Maintenance Therapy of Psychosis Spectrum Disorders in a Real-World Setting: Antipsychotics Prescription Patterns and Long-Term Benzodiazepine Use
Authors: Maric Nadja P. , Andric Petrovic Sanja , Russo Manuela , Jerotic Stefan , Ristic Ivan , Savić Bojana , Pemovska Tamara , Milutinovic Milos , Ribic Emina , Markovska-Simoska Silvana , Dzubur Kulenovic Alma , Jovanovic Nikolina 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundMaintenance therapy of patients with primary psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) in the Western Balkans has received limited interest so far. The present study aimed to investigate long-term prescription patterns among outpatients with PSD.MethodsInformation about prescription of antipsychotics (AP), benzodiazepines (BZD) and other psychotropic medication over a 6-month period was collected from outpatients (n = 134; ICD-10 diagnosis F20-29) recruited by a larger multi-site study, to find mean daily number of psychotropic drugs, AP prescription patterns (including AP daily dose, route of administration, monotherapy vs. polypharmacy) and BZD utilization (long-term add-on BZD therapy). Additionally, sex-differences in the variables were explored.ResultsClinically stable outpatients (age 41.7 ± 11.0; male 62.7%; duration of untreated illness 12.7 ± 8.7 years; mean number of lifetime hospitalizations 2.6 ± 0.7) were prescribed 2.8 ± 1.1 psychotropic medications daily. The mean 6-month AP dose was 14.2 ± 7.8 mg olanzapine equivalents. Long-acting injectable AP was prescribed to 25.2% of the patients. Long-term AP monotherapy was found in 52.7% patients and most of them were prescribed second generation AP (65.2%). Long-term AP polypharmacy (42.7%) was more common in males (p = 0.015). The most frequent co-prescription patterns were first generation AP plus clozapine. The highest rate of long-term AP co-prescription was found for BZD (in 42.7% cases, average 6-months daily dose of 2.8 ± 2.7 mg lorazepam equivalents) and anticholinergics (33.6%).ConclusionExisting appropriately designed interventions aiming to safely switch the inappropriate therapeutic regimens, i.e. very high prevalence of long-term AP polypharmacy and non-rational BZD co-prescription, should be implemented in the region of Western Balkans.
Altered Levels of Plasma Inflammatory Cytokines and White Matter Integrity in Bipolar Disorder Patients With Suicide Attempts
Authors: Jiang Xiaowei , Guo Yingrui , Jia Linna , Zhu Yue , Sun Qikun , Kong Lingtao , Wu Feng , Tang Yanqing 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveBipolar disorder (BD) has a higher lifetime rate of suicide attempts (SA) than other psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, BD patients with SA (BD + S) are prone to a worse quality of life. However, the pathophysiology of BD + S is poorly understood. To further reveal the potential mechanisms of BD + S, abnormalities in peripheral plasma inflammatory cytokines and brain white matter (WM) in BD + S, as well as the correlation between them are investigated.MethodsWe tested the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in peripheral plasma and collected the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 14 BD + S, 24 BD patients without SA (BD-S), and 26 healthy controls (HCs). The three groups were matched by age and gender. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were detected by Luminex multifactor detection technology, and the fractional anisotropy (FA) values were employed to depict the alterations of WM. Partial correlation analyses were conducted to detect correlations between levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and changes of WM, and the relationships between severity of clinical symptoms, including scores of HAMD-17 and YMRS, and cytokine levels or FA values in all groups.ResultsFor plasma inflammatory cytokines, there was no significant difference in their levels except for IL-6 among the three groups. Post-hoc analyses revealed that increased IL-6 level was only detected in BD + S (p &lt; 0.05, Bonferroni correction). For DTI, BD + S showed specifically decreased FA in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncle and the left superior corona radiata compared to BD-S and HCs (p &lt; 0.05, Bonferroni correction). Additionally, both BD + S and BD-S groups revealed decreased FA in the bilateral body and genu of corpus callosum (CC) compared to HCs (p &lt; 0.05, Bonferroni correction). No significant correlation between plasma inflammatory cytokines and WM integrity was found. In the BD + S group, we found negative correlation between the scores of YMRS and FA values of the left middle cerebellar peduncle (r = −0.74, p = 0.035).ConclusionThe inflammation and impaired WM integrity may provide a scientific basis to understand the potential mechanisms of BD + S.
The Black Panther, Masculinity Barriers to Medical Care, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Intention Among Unscreened American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and White Men
Authors: Brooks Ellen , Islam Jessica Y. , Perdue David G. , Petersen Ethan , Camacho-Rivera Marlene , Kennedy Carson , Rogers Charles R. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo determine if masculinity barriers to medical care and the death from colorectal cancer (CRC) of actor Chadwick Boseman (The Black Panther) influenced CRC early-detection screening intent among unscreened American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) and Non-Hispanic-Black (Black) men compared with Non-Hispanic-White (White) men.MethodsUsing a consumer-panel, we surveyed U.S. men aged 18–75 years (N = 895) using the 24-item Masculinity Barriers to Medical Care (MBMC) scale. We calculated the median score to create binary exposures to evaluate associations with CRC screening intent and conducted multivariable logistic regression to evaluate independent associations stratified by race/ethnicity.ResultsOverall, Black respondents were most likely to have a high MBMC score (55%) compared to White (44%) and AIAN (51%) men (p = 0.043). AIAN men were least likely to report CRC screening intent (51.1%) compared with Black (68%) and White men (64%) (p &lt; 0.001). Black men who reported the recent death of Chadwick Boseman increased their awareness of CRC were more likely (78%) to report intention to screen for CRC compared to those who did not (56%) (p &lt; 0.001). Black men who exhibited more masculinity-related barriers to care were more likely to intend to screen for CRC (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 0.98–3.16) than their counterparts, as were Black men who reported no impact of Boseman's death on their CRC awareness (aOR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.13–7.67). Conversely, among AIAN men, those who exhibited more masculinity-related barriers to care were less likely to have CRC screening intent (aOR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.27–0.82) compared with their counterparts.ConclusionsMasculinity barriers to medical care play a significant role in intention to screen for CRC. While Black men were most likely to state that The Black Panther's death increased their awareness of CRC, it did not appear to modify the role of masculine barriers in CRC screening intention as expected. Further research is warranted to better understand how masculine barriers combined with celebrity-driven health-promotion interventions influence the uptake of early-detection screening for CRC.ImpactOur study provides formative data to develop behavioral interventions focused on improving CRC screening completion among diverse men.