bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflation in the G7 countries: persistence and structural breaks
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Gil-Alana Luis Alberiko , Poza Carlos 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper examines long-range dependence in the inflation rates of the G7 countries by estimating their (fractional) order of integration d over the sample period January 1973—March 2020. The results indicate that the series are very persistent, the estimated value of d being equal to or higher than 1 in all cases. Possible non-linearities in the form of Chebyshev polynomials in time are ruled out. Endogenous break tests are then carried out, and the degree of integration is estimated for each of the subsamples corresponding to the detected break dates. Significant differences are found between subsamples and countries in terms of the estimated degree of integration of the series, which is likely to be related to the reputation and credibility of the monetary authorities.
BAP1-defficient breast cancer in a patient with BAP1 cancer syndrome
Authors: Blatnik Ana , Ribnikar Domen , Šetrajčič Dragoš Vita , Novaković Srdjan , Stegel Vida , Grčar Kuzmanov Biljana , Boc Nina , Perić Barbara , Škerl Petra , Klančar Gašper , Krajc Mateja 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBAP1 cancer syndrome is a rare and highly penetrant hereditary cancer predisposition. Uveal melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and cutaneous melanoma are considered BAP1 cancer syndrome core cancers, whereas association with breast cancer has previously been suggested but not confirmed so far. In view of BAP1 immunomodulatory functions, BAP1 alterations could prove useful as possible biomarkers of response to immunotherapy in patients with BAP1-associated cancers. We present a case of a patient with BAP1 cancer syndrome who developed a metastatic breast cancer with loss of BAP1 demonstrated on immunohistochemistry. She carried a germline BAP1 likely pathogenic variant (c.898_899delAG p.(Arg300Glyfs*6)). In addition, tumor tissue sequencing identified a concurrent somatic variant in BAP1 (partial deletion of exon 12) and a low tumor mutational burden. As her triple negative tumor was shown to be PD-L1 positive, the patient was treated with combination of atezolizumab and nab-paclitaxel. She had a complete and sustained response to immunotherapy even after discontinuation of nab-paclitaxel. This case strengthens the evidence for including breast cancer in the BAP1 cancer syndrome tumor spectrum with implications for future cancer prevention programs. It also indicates immune checkpoint inhibitors might prove to be an effective treatment for BAP1-deficient breast cancer.
Digitisation of metal AM for part microstructure and property control
Authors: Dogu Merve Nur , McCarthy Eanna , McCann Ronan , Mahato Vivek , Caputo Annalina , Bambach Markus , Ahad Inam Ul , Brabazon Dermot 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetal additive manufacturing, which uses a layer-by-layer approach to fabricate parts, has many potential advantages over conventional techniques, including the ability to produced complex geometries, fast new design part production, personalised production, have lower cost and produce less material waste. While these advantages make AM an attractive option for industry, determining process parameters which result in specific properties, such as the level of porosity and tensile strength, can be a long and costly endeavour. In this review, the state-of-the-art in the control of part properties in AM is examined, including the effect of microstructure on part properties. The simulation of microstructure formation via numerical simulation and machine learning is examined which can provide process quality control and has the potential to aid in rapid process optimisation via closed loop control. In-situ monitoring of the AM process, is also discussed as a route to enable first time right production in the AM process, along with the hybrid approach of AM fabrication with post-processing steps such as shock peening, heat treatment and rolling. At the end of the paper, an outlook is presented with a view towards potential avenues for further research required in the field of metal AM.
A single-centre prospective evaluation of left bundle branch area pacemaker implantation characteristics
Authors: Heckman L. I. B. , Luermans J. G. L. M. , Jastrzębski M. , Weijs B. , Van Stipdonk A. M. W. , Westra S. , den Uijl D. , Linz D. , Mafi-Rad M. , Prinzen F. W. , Vernooy K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has recently been introduced as a physiological pacing technique with synchronous left ventricular activation. It was our aim to evaluate the feasibility and learning curve of the technique, as well as the electrical characteristics of LBBAP.

Methods and results
LBBAP was attempted in 80 consecutive patients and electrocardiographic characteristics were evaluated during intrinsic rhythm, right ventricular septum pacing (RVSP) and LBBAP. Permanent lead implantation was successful in 77 of 80 patients (96%). LBBAP lead implantation time and fluoroscopy time shortened significantly from 33 ± 16 and 21 ± 13 min to 17 ± 5 and 12 ± 7 min, respectively, from the first 20 to the last 20 patients. Left bundle branch (LBB) capture was achieved in 54 of 80 patients (68%). In 36 of 45 patients (80%) with intact atrioventricular conduction and narrow QRS, an LBB potential (LBBpot) was present with an LBBpot to onset of QRS interval of 22 ± 6 ms. QRS duration increased significantly more during RVSP (141 ± 20 ms) than during LBBAP (125 ± 19 ms), compared to 130 ± 30 ms without pacing. An even clearer difference was observed for QRS area, which increased significantly more during RVSP (from 32 ± 16 µVs to 73 ± 20 µVs) than during LBBAP (41 ± 15 µVs). QRS area was significantly smaller in patients with LBB capture compared to patients without LBB capture (43 ± 18 µVs vs 54 ± 21 µVs, respectively). In patients with LBB capture (n = 54), the interval from the pacing stimulus to R‑wave peak time in lead V6 was significantly shorter than in patients without LBB capture (75 ± 14 vs 88 ± 9 ms, respectively).

Conclusion
LBBAP is a safe and feasible technique, with a clear learning curve that seems to flatten after 40–60 implantations. LBB capture is achieved in two-thirds of patients. Compared to RVSP, LBBAP largely maintains ventricular electrical synchrony at a level close to intrinsic (narrow QRS) rhythm.
Earth stewardship: Shaping a sustainable future through interacting policy and norm shifts
Authors: Chapin F. Stuart , Weber Elke U. , Bennett Elena M. , Biggs Reinette , van den Bergh Jeroen , Adger W. Neil , Crépin Anne-Sophie , Polasky Stephen , Folke Carl , Scheffer Marten , Segerson Kathleen , Anderies John M. , Barrett Scott , Cardenas Juan-Camilo , Carpenter Stephen R. , Fischer Joern , Kautsky Nils , Levin Simon A. , Shogren Jason F. , Walker Brian , Wilen James , de Zeeuw Aart 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransformation toward a sustainable future requires an earth stewardship approach to shift society from its current goal of increasing material wealth to a vision of sustaining built, natural, human, and social capital—equitably distributed across society, within and among nations. Widespread concern about earth’s current trajectory and support for actions that would foster more sustainable pathways suggests potential social tipping points in public demand for an earth stewardship vision. Here, we draw on empirical studies and theory to show that movement toward a stewardship vision can be facilitated by changes in either policy incentives or social norms. Our novel contribution is to point out that both norms and incentives must change and can do so interactively. This can be facilitated through leverage points and complementarities across policy areas, based on values, system design, and agency. Potential catalysts include novel democratic institutions and engagement of non-governmental actors, such as businesses, civic leaders, and social movements as agents for redistribution of power. Because no single intervention will transform the world, a key challenge is to align actions to be synergistic, persistent, and scalable.
Analysis of a continuously stirred two tank reactor cascade with Haldane kinetics
Authors: Stacey A. J. , Shepherd J. J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiological reactors are employed in industrial applications to break down organic waste. We view the cascade of two open loop continuously stirred tank reactors with Haldane growth function as chemostats with bacterial inputs. A function of some of the reactor parameters is derived, the sign of which determines the maximum number of critical points a reactor can have. This allows us to determine the parameter combinations which ensure a reactor has only a single critical point for all bacterial removal rates (dilution rate plus death rate). Where a simple condition on the above function is confirmed to hold, if the first reactor in a cascade only has a single critical point for all bacterial removal rates then, the next reactor will also only have a single critical point for all bacterial removal rates. A global stability result is also given for some of these cases. A simple proof is given for the local stability of critical points of a reactor with a general class of bacterial growth functions, bacteria and substrate input, and a death rate. For the special case where the first reactor has zero bacteria input, we compare a two reactor cascade with a single reactor under various conditions, long and short residence times, and different death rates. This follows the pattern of similar papers that considered cascades using the Monod and Contois growth functions.
Implementation of the frailty assessment to improve liver transplant outcomes
Authors: Corradi Mattia , Mazzarelli Chiara , Cesari Matteo , Viganò Raffaella , Belli Luca Saverio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe majority of patients undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation (OLT) have increased in age, therefore chronological age may have become an unreliable parameter for supporting clinical decisions. The age-related deficit accumulation model measuring frailty proposed by Rockwood et al., may propose an alternative in providing an estimate of an individual’s biological age. No Frailty Index (FI) tailored specifically for OLT patients exists to date. Forty-three consecutive OLT patients with ≥ 20 years of survival with a functioning graft were included in our study. The FI was computed taking to account 39 items (FI-39), meeting the standard criteria for internal validation. Endpoints were polypharmacy, and recent Emergency Room admission. The mean age of our population was 69 (sd 9) years. The mean FI-39 was 0.23 (sd 0.1). The FI-39 was associated with polypharmacy [odds ratio (OR) 1.13; Confidence interval (95%CI) 1.03–1.24; p = 0.01], and recent Emergency Room admission [beta coefficient + 1.98; 95%CI + 0.26, + 3.70; p = 0.03], independent for age and sex. This study demonstrates that an FI can be derived from data collected during routine clinical follow-up and allows for improved differentiation related to the OLT clinical complexity in OLT patients, independent of chronological age. This may lead to the adoption of FI-39 to improve personalized OLT patient care.
Building First-Year Medical Students’ Skills in Finding, Evaluating, and Visualizing Health Information Through a “Debunking Medical Myths” Curricular Module
Authors: Akers Katherine G. , Hu Ella , Rehman Narmeen , Yun Ho Jun , Hoofman Jacob , Monconduit Rachel , Mendez Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo provide an online service learning opportunity for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic, medical faculty and librarians developed and implemented a “Debunking Medical Myths” module in which students learned to search for emerging medical literature, evaluate evidence, and use that evidence to create an infographics debunking a COVID-19-related myth for a non-medical audience. The resultant infographics are visually appealing and designed to make complex health information easy to understand. The module was well-received by students, who demonstrated a nuanced understanding of the use of infographics to convey health information, and students’ work was evaluated highly by community members.
Anthropogenic Disturbances and the Emergence of Native Diseases: a Threat to Forest Health
Authors: Burgess Treena I. , Oliva Jonàs , Sapsford Sarah J. , Sakalidis Monique L. , Balocchi Felipe , Paap Trudy 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewHuman-caused global change is fundamentally altering natural forest ecosystems. More trees are exhibiting a wide range of symptoms indicative of poor vigour, particularly stressed species at the edge of their native ranges and stands growing on marginal sites. This review will focus on complex tree diseases (declines) caused by native pathogens and the key environmental drivers that contribute to this phenomenon. These systems are frequently complex, with multiple drivers at work.Recent FindingsUsing four cases studies on different continents, we explored the direct and indirect environmental drivers underlying these decline syndromes. Although climate and weather events seem to be usually associated with forest decline, we found that environmental disturbance by either forest management or land-use changes is also a global predisposing factor of decline which deserves more attention. Changes in land use have directly benefited pathogens such as root rots in the Pyrenees (Spain) or indirectly by making the environment more conducive for canker and foliar diseases in Australia and the USA. Focus on land-use changes could improve understanding of current decline problems such as those affecting Araucaria in Chile.SummaryThe next century will almost certainly see an unprecedented rise in forest pathogen epidemics, requiring a proactive rather than reactive response. Diseases caused by native pathogens with complex aetiologies will become more common, and recognising, characterising and managing these epidemics are difficult because native pathogens are frequently already widespread, and eradication is not feasible. We need to start approaching these issues from a ‘whole ecosystem’ perspective, highlighting the many aspects and entanglements of forest declines and allowing us to respond with management options tailored to each scenario. The approach proposed here provides logical steps based on six questions to untangle the direct and indirect environmental drivers of tree declines.
Effect of layered joints on rockburst in deep tunnels
Authors: He Mingming , Zhao Jinrui , Deng Bianyuan , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe existence of joints in the surrounding rock mass has a considerable effect on tunnel rockbursts. Herein, we studied the effect of layered joints with different inclination angles and spacings on rockburst in deep tunnels and investigated the failure area, deformation process of the surrounding rock mass, stress change inside the surrounding rock mass, velocity of the failed rock, and the kinetic energy of the failure. The failure type of the surrounding rock mass can thus be determined. The results showed that the intensity of rockburst increases as rock quality designation (RQD) decreases, while the deformation rate of the surrounding rock mass first increases and then decreases. The deformation rate exhibits a turning point between RQD = 50 and 70, below which the deformation rate of the surrounding rock mass gradually decreases, ultimately ceasing to be a rockburst. Rockburst always occurs perpendicular to the direction of the joint. When σx = σy, as the joint inclination angle changes from 45° to 90°, the intensity of a rockburst first decreases (from 45° to 60°), and then increases (from 60° to 90°). When combined with the evolution law of stress and strain energy, the rockburst process can be divided into four stages.
New priorities for academic integrity: equity, diversity, inclusion, decolonization and Indigenization
Authors: Eaton Sarah Elaine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe topics of equity, diversity, inclusion, decolonization, and Indigenization have been neglected in academic and research integrity. In this article, I offer examples of how these issues are being addressed and argue that academic integrity networks and organizations ought to develop intentional strategies for equity, diversity and inclusion, and decolonization in terms of leadership, scholarship, and professional opportunities. I point out that existing systems perpetuate the conditions that allow for overrepresentation of reporting among particular student groups including international students, students of colour, and those for whom English is an additional language. I conclude with concrete recommendations for action.
The film festival sector and its networked structures of gender inequality
Authors: Ehrich Martha E. , Burgdorf Katharina , Samoilova Zhenya , Loist Skadi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe global film industry is shaped by gender inequality. Women are structurally underrepresented in professional roles that include high levels of creative and economic decision-making power, such as directors, writers, and producers. In our study, we ask to what extent the film festival sector, a prestigious sub-field of the film industry, is structured by gender biases. To address this question, we conceptualize the festival sector as a one-mode network consisting of film festivals that are connected through screening the same film, and as a two-mode network consisting of films and festivals. The composition of film core creative teams (incl. directors, writers, and producers) varies by gender. While some films are made by mixed gender core creative teams, others are made by women-only or men-only core creative teams. We use data on 1323 films that circulate among 1523 festivals and apply network analysis to describe and disentangle the structural facets that underlie persistent gender inequality in the film festival sector. In the first step, we analyze to what extent the one-mode film festival network is connected through the circulation of films with varying gender compositions, and what festivals occupy broker positions in this network. In the second step, we analyze to what extent films of different gender compositions are equally distributed across the overall festival landscape. For the first step, we find that the festival network connected through films by women-only core creative teams is much sparser in comparison to the network connected through films by men-only core creative teams. We also find that the majority of festivals obtaining important broker positions in the network, has not signed the 5050 × 2020 Gender Parity Pledge, which has important policy implications. For the second step, we find that films by men-only core creative teams are on average screened at more festivals as compared to films by women-only core creative teams, and that the degree of distribution of films by men-only core creative teams is much more skewed indicating a more pronounced festival hit dynamic.
Technology-Based Methods for Training Counseling Skills in Behavioral Health: a Scoping Review
Authors: Magill Molly , Mastroleo Nadine R. , Martino Steve 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the present review, we consider technology-based methods for training and monitoring counseling skills in behavioral health (i.e., addictions, mental health, and behavioral medicine). We provide an overview of topical foci and design features, as well as review the available research. The Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping review was used and there were two project phases. First, we reviewed and charted design features and training topics. Second, we reviewed and charted published research evaluating training outcomes. The search process yielded six commercial companies or academic research centers targeting online training of behavioral health counseling skills. These programs could be categorized by an avatar (i.e., computer-generated) or video (i.e., human actor) client interface, as well as by a completely interactive experience (i.e., virtual reality) or an experience with a pre-programmed, branch-logic interaction (i.e., computer simulation). One final company provided monitoring services only, without an explicit training component. The literature in this area is in its nascent stages, with primarily pilot scope and comparatively less progress if contrasted with fields such as general medicine. Online training and monitoring of behavioral health counseling skills is a promising emerging field with positive qualities such as scalability, resource efficiency, and standardization. Future research should emphasize (1) between-group randomized clinical trials, (2) comparisons to standard training practices, and (3) alignment with professional competency standards.
Flukebook: an open-source AI platform for cetacean photo identification
Authors: Blount Drew , Gero Shane , Van Oast Jon , Parham Jason , Kingen Colin , Scheiner Ben , Stere Tanya , Fisher Mark , Minton Gianna , Khan Christin , Dulau Violaine , Thompson Jaime , Moskvyak Olga , Berger-Wolf Tanya , Stewart Charles V. , Holmberg Jason , Levenson J. Jacob 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDetermining which species are at greatest risk, where they are most vulnerable, and what are the trajectories of their communities and populations is critical for conservation and management. Globally distributed, wide-ranging whales and dolphins present a particular challenge in data collection because no single research team can record data over biologically meaningful areas. Flukebook.org is an open-source web platform that addresses these gaps by providing researchers with the latest computational tools. It integrates photo-identification algorithms with data management, sharing, and privacy infrastructure for whale and dolphin research, enabling the global collaborative study of these global species. With seven automatic identification algorithms trained for 15 different species, resulting in 37 species-specific identification pipelines, Flukebook is an extensible foundation that continually incorporates emerging AI techniques and applies them to cetacean photo identification through continued collaboration between computer vision researchers, software engineers, and biologists. With over 2.0 million photos of over 52,000 identified individual animals submitted by over 250 researchers, the platform enables a comprehensive understanding of cetacean populations, fostering international and cross-institutional collaboration while respecting data ownership and privacy. We outline the technology stack and architecture of Flukebook, its performance on real-world cetacean imagery, and its development as an example of scalable, extensible, and reusable open-source conservation software. Flukebook is a step change in our ability to conduct large-scale research on cetaceans across biologically meaningful geographic ranges, to rapidly iterate population assessments and abundance trajectories, and engage the public in actions to protect them.