bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolving Graphite‐Electrolyte Interphase of Lithium‐Ion Batteries using Air‐Tight Ambient Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Sahraeian Taghi , Zheng Jingfeng , Lalisse Remy F. , Hadad Christopher M. , Wu Yiying , Badu‐Tawiah Abraham K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at graphite electrode is necessary for lithium‐ion batteries (LIB) to prevent excessive degradation of electrolytes. Until now, the exact organic composition of SEI has not been decisively determined with lithium ethylene mono‐carbonate (LEMC) being one of the debated components. An air‐tight ambient mass spectrometry (MS) platform is developed to directly characterize the air‐sensitive organic components present in SEI. Ionization occurs via a solvent‐free field‐induced process at atmospheric pressure. Our experimental data, based on tandem MS analysis, revealed LEMC to be the major organic component in SEI. This result resolves a long‐standing mystery surrounding the composition of native SEI in LIB, where no trace of the other debated compound, lithium ethylene dicarbonate, was detected. The energetics of fragmentation of LEMC and the corresponding stabilities of various ionic species detected during the air‐tight ambient MS analysis were calculated using density functional theory (DFT). Our findings confirmed favorable protonation energies and suggested the molecular structures for many of the detected species. Solvent (i. e., ethylene carbonate)‐induced stabilization effects observed during the ionization process were also confirmed by DFT. The reported study encourages the routine use of ambient mass spectrometry to characterize both anodic and cathodic electrodes of all battery types as well as to study other air‐sensitive materials in their native state.
Open or Closed? Elucidating the Correlation between Micropore Nature and Sodium Storage Mechanisms in Hard Carbon
Authors: Surendran Vishnu , Hema Radhika Krishna , Hassan Muhammed Shafeek Oliyantakath , Vijayan Vinesh , Shaijumon Manikoth M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe sodium storage mechanism related to a high voltage slope region and a low voltage plateau region observed commonly in hard carbon (HC) is still a topic of debate. The difference in physicochemical properties of controllably synthesized carbon reflects the ambiguity in explaining their charge storage mechanism. Herein, we attempt to unravel the sodium storage mechanism using HCs with controlled ′closed′ and ′open′ porosities. Opening the ′closed′ pores diminishes the plateau region but does not affect the slope region. Electrochemical measurements coupled with N2 and CO2 gas adsorption studies reveal a strong correlation between closed pores with a diameter (d), 0.4 < d <1.5 nm and capacity contribution from the plateau region, supporting the adsorption/intercalation‐pore filling model. Solid‐state NMR measurements confirm the near metallic state of sodium in the ′closed′ micropores of HCs at potentials close to 0 V (vs. Na).
Non‐fuel uses for fatty acid methyl esters
Authors: Karis Dylan , Cain Robert , Young Kenneth , Shand Alexander , Holm Trevor , Springer Ethan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFor the past two decades, biodiesel has been the workhorse for pioneering green fuel alternatives to petroleum diesel. Recent advancements in decarboxylation of fatty acid feedstocks through hydrogen treatment or the use of fatty acid photo decarboxylase have led to increasing interest in renewable diesel as the next ‘state of the art’. This paradigm shift has caused concern among traditional biodiesel producers, whose infrastructure may not be suitable for renewable diesel, that the supply chain and market demand for biodiesel will be disrupted. However, there are numerous alternative (non‐fuel) uses for biodiesel, which has applications in solvents, lubricants, feedstock chemicals, and more. This review seeks to highlight the advantages of using biodiesel in these industries and the potential for further research and development. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and external validation of a novel nomogram to predict prostate cancer in biopsy‐naïve patients with PSA <10 ng/ml and PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3 lesions
Authors: Hu Can , Sun Jiale , Xu Zhenyu , Zhang Zhiyu , Zhou Qi , Xu Jiangnan , Chen Hao , Wang Chao , Ouyang Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and externally validate a novel nomogram in biopsy‐naïve patients with prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) <10 ng/ml and PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3 lesions.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 307 men that underwent initial biopsy from October 2015 to January 2022 in Cohort 1 (The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University). External cohort (Cohort 2, Kunshan Hospital) included 109 men that met our criteria from July 2016 to June 2021. By Slicer‐3D Software, the volume of all lesions was divided into two subgroups (PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3a and 3b). Logistic regression analysis was performed to screen for variables and construct nomogram by analyzing clinical data from Cohort 1. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, calibration plot and decision curve analysis (DCA) were plotted to validate the nomogram in external cohort.ResultsA total of 70 (22.8%) patients was diagnosed with prostate cancer in Institution 1. Among them, 34 (11.1%) had clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). Age, prostate‐specific antigen density, digital rectal examination, PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3 subgroups (3a and 3b) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC, <750 mm2/s) were predictive factors for prostate cancer (PCa) and csPCa. High area under the curve of the nomogram was found in Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 for PCa (0.857 vs. 0.850) and for csPCa (0.896 vs. 0.893). Calibration curves showed excellent agreement between the predicted probability and actual risk for the models in internal and external validation. The DCA demonstrated net benefit of our nomogram.ConclusionUntil now, this is the first nomogram that predicts PCa and csPCa in biopsy‐naïve patients with PSA <10 ng/ml and PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3 lesions. Furthermore, PI‐RADS v2.1 = 3 subgroups were considered to be an independent risk factor in our model. Our nomogram may assist urologists in biopsy decision making for these so‐called “double gray zone” patients.
Competing risk analysis of cardiovascular death in patients with primary gallbladder cancer
Authors: Chen Chong , Xu Fengshuo , Yuan Shiqi , Zhao Xuenuo , Qiao Mengmeng , Han Didi , Lyu Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDevelopments in medical technology are resulting in continuous decreases in the cancer mortality rate of patients with gallbladder cancer, while non‐cancer deaths in cancer patients are becoming more common. The main cause of this is cardiovascular mortality (CVM). The purpose of this study was to determine the CVM risk in patients with primary gallbladder cancer (PGC).MethodsWe extracted information on patients in the SEER database who were diagnosed with PGC from 2004 to 2015, compared CVM in patients with PGC with the general United States population, and calculated standardized mortality rates (SMRs) and the absolute excess risk. A competing risks model was used to identify and analyze the independent risk factors for cardiovascular death in patients with PGC.ResultsThis study included 5925 patients, 247 of whom died from cardiovascular disease. The SMR of cardiovascular death in patients with PGC was 15.84 (95% confidence interval: 15.83–15.85), and the SMR was slightly lower in male than female patients. The competing risks analysis indicated that age, marital status, cancer cell differentiation, chemotherapy status, and year of diagnosis were risk factors for cardiovascular death in patients with PGC.ConclusionsThe CVM risk is considerably higher in patients with PGC than in the general population. It is therefore very necessary to apply cardioprotective interventions to patients with PGC.
A Photochemoenzymatic Hunsdiecker‐Borodin‐Type Halodecarboxylation of Ferulic Acid
Authors: Zippilli Claudio , Bartolome Miguel Jimenez , Hilberath Thomas , Botta Lorenzo , Hollmann Frank , Saladino Raffaele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA photochemoenzymatic halodecarboxylation of ferulic acid was achieved using vanadate‐dependent chloroperoxidase as (bio)catalyst and oxygen and organic solvent as sole stoichiometric reagents in a biphasic system. Performance and selectivity were improved through a phase transfer catalyst, reaching a turnover number of 660.000 for the enzyme.
Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the mandible deriving from odontogenic cyst: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Loreti Andrea , Ornella Abate , Arelli Floriana , Spallone Diana , Bruno Edoardo , De Luca Pietro , Costarelli Leopoldo , Camaioni Angelo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) it can origin from a mandibular odontogenic cyst. We report the case of a 63‐year‐old man with MEC of the right retromolar trigonum of the mandibula. We performed a wide mandibular excision and immediate reconstruction with a fibula bone free flap.
Size‐Dependent Structural Alterations in Ag Nanoparticles during CO2 Electrolysis in a Gas‐Fed Zero‐Gap Electrolyzer
Authors: Hu Huifang , Liu Menglong , Kong Ying , Montiel Iván Zelocualtecatl , Hou Yuhui , Rudnev Alexander V. , Broekmann Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAg nanoparticles (NPs) are efficient electrocatalysts for electrochemical CO2‐to‐CO conversion. However, NPs are thermodynamically unstable and can undergo structural alterations under electrolysis operating conditions. These structural changes may play a crucial role in the deterioration of CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) performance on the long‐term electrolysis time scale. Here, we studied the effect of NP size on NP degradation during CO2RR. Polyvinylpyrrolidone‐capped 10, 40, and 100 nm Ag NPs deposited on a gas diffusion electrode were used as testbed catalysts in a gas‐fed zero‐gap electrolyzer. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicated insignificant catalyst‐material detachment after galvanostatic CO2 electrolysis. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that smaller NPs tended to agglomerate during CO2 electrolysis. 100 nm NPs formed agglomerates consisting of only two‐three NPs and underwent pronounced fragmentation with the formation of particles several nanometers in size. The fragmentation was associated with cathodic corrosion of Ag NPs under conditions of intensive CO2RR and hydrogen evolution.
Key risk factors for the relative and absolute 5‐year risk of cancer to enhance cancer screening and prevention
Authors: Patel Alpa V. , Deubler Emily , Teras Lauren R. , Colditz Graham A. , Lichtman Cari J. , Cance William G. , Clarke Christina A. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThis study identifies populations who may benefit most from expanded cancer screening.MethodsTwo American Cancer Society prospective cohort studies, Cancer Prevention Study‐II Nutrition Cohort and Cancer Prevention Study‐3, were used to identify the risk factors associated with a > 2% absolute risk of any cancer within 5 years. In total, 429,991 participants with no prior personal history of cancer were followed for cancer for up to 5 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for association. By using these hazard ratios, individualized coherent absolute risk estimation was used to calculate absolute risks by age.ResultsOverall, 15,226 invasive cancers were diagnosed among participants within 5 years of enrollment. The multivariable‐adjusted relative risk of any cancer was strongest for current smokers compared with never‐smokers. In men, alcohol intake, family history of cancer, red meat consumption, and physical inactivity were also associated with risk (p < .05). In women, body mass index, type 2 diabetes, hysterectomy, parity, family history of cancer, hypertension, tubal ligation, and physical inactivity were associated (p < .05). The absolute 5‐year risk exceeded 2% among nearly all participants older than 50 years and among some participants younger than 50 years, including current or former smokers (<30 years since quitting) and long‐term nonsmokers with a body mass index >25 kg/m2 or a first‐degree family history of cancer. The absolute 5‐year risk was as high as 29% in men and 25% in women.ConclusionsOlder age and smoking were the two most important risk factors associated with the relative and absolute 5‐year risk of developing any cancer.
A telehealth intervention for symptom management, distress, and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jacobs Jamie M. , Post Kathryn , Massad Katina , Horick Nora K. , Walsh Emily A. , Cohn Julia , Rapoport Chelsea S. , Clara Amy J. , Antoni Michael H. , Safren Steven A. , Partridge Ann H. , Peppercorn Jeffrey M. , Park Elyse R. , Temel Jennifer S. , Greer Joseph A. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPatients taking adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) after breast cancer face adherence challenges and symptom‐related distress. We conducted a randomized trial to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a telehealth intervention (Symptom‐Targeted Randomized Intervention for Distress and Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy [STRIDE]) for patients taking AET.MethodsFrom October 2019 to June 2021, 100 patients reporting difficulty with AET were randomly assigned to either STRIDE or a medication monitoring (MedMon) control group. STRIDE included six weekly small‐group videoconferencing sessions and two individual calls. We defined feasibility as having >50% of eligible patients enroll, >70% complete the 12‐week assessment, and > 70% of STRIDE patients complete ≥4/6 sessions. We monitored adherence with the Medication Event Monitoring System Caps (MEMS Caps). At baseline and 12‐ and 24‐weeks after baseline, patients self‐reported adherence (Medication Adherence Report Scale), AET satisfaction (Cancer Therapy Satisfaction Questionnaire), symptom distress (Breast Cancer Prevention Trial‐Symptom Checklist), self‐management of symptoms (Self‐efficacy for Symptom Management‐AET), coping (Measure of Current Status), quality of life (QOL; Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Breast), and mood (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). We used linear mixed effects models to assess the effect of STRIDE on longitudinal outcomes.ResultsWe enrolled 70.9% (100/141) of eligible patients; 92% completed the 12‐week assessment, and 86% completed ≥4/6 STRIDE sessions. Compared with MedMon, STRIDE patients reported less symptom distress (B[difference] = −1.91; 95% CI, −3.29 to −0.52; p = .007) and better self‐management of AET symptoms, coping, QOL, and mood. We did not observe significant differences in AET satisfaction or adherence.ConclusionsSTRIDE is feasible and acceptable, showing promise for improving outcomes in patients taking AET after breast cancer.Lay summary

Patients taking adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) after breast cancer may face challenges while following their treatment regimen.

In this randomized controlled trial of 100 patients taking AET, a brief, small‐group virtual intervention (STRIDE) was well‐received by patients and led to improvements in how upset patients were due to symptoms, how confident they were in managing symptoms, and how well they could cope with stress. Thus, STRIDE is a promising intervention and should be tested in future multi‐site trials.
Strategies for the Construction of Functional Materials Utilizing Presynthesized Metal‐Organic Cages (MOCs)
Authors: Li Tian‐Tian , Liu Shu‐Na , Wu Liang‐Hua , Cai Song‐Liang , Zheng Sheng‐Run 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetal‐organic cages (MOCs) that assemble from metal ions or metal clusters and organic ligands have attracted the interest of the scientific community because of their various functional coordination cavities. Unlike metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with infinite frameworks, MOCs have discrete structures, making them soluble and stable in certain solvents and facilitating their application as starting reagents in the further construction of single components or composite materials. In recent years, increasing progress has been made in this field. In this review, we introduce these works from the perspective of design strategies, and focus on how presynthesized MOCs can be used to construct functional materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges and development prospects in this field.
Mechanism and Kinetics of the Reaction of Nitrate Radicals with Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Paradzinsky Mark , Ponukumati Aditya , Tanko James M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRate constants for the reaction of nitrate radical (NO3⋅) with several carboxylic acids (RCO2H) were measured in acetonitrile using laser flash photolysis, and found to be on the order of 105–106 M−1s−1. No observable H/D kinetic isotope effect was observed at the carboxyl O−H group, α‐C−H bond and (possibly) in the case of formic acid, the formylic C−H bond. This suggests that NO3⋅ does not abstract hydrogen from any of these positions despite the fact that all these processes are thermodynamically favorable. Reactivity increases with increased length and/or branching of the alkyl side chain (R), and approaches, but does not quite reach, that of an alkane towards NO3⋅. The relative inertness of carboxylic acids towards NO3⋅ can be explained by the polar effect.
Practical Considerations for Single‐Cell Genomics
Authors: Regan Claire , Preall Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe single‐cell revolution in the field of genomics is in full bloom, with clever new molecular biology tricks appearing regularly that allow researchers to explore new modalities or scale up their projects to millions of cells and beyond. Techniques abound to measure RNA expression, DNA alterations, protein abundance, chromatin accessibility, and more, all with single‐cell resolution and often in combination. Despite such a rapidly changing technology landscape, there are several fundamental principles that are applicable to the majority of experimental workflows to help users avoid pitfalls and exploit the advantages of the chosen platform. In this overview article, we describe a variety of popular single‐cell genomics technologies and address some common questions pertaining to study design, sample preparation, quality control, and sequencing strategy. As the majority of relevant publications currently revolve around single‐cell RNA‐seq, we will prioritize this genomics modality in our discussion. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Methods to Evaluate the Potential Clinical Significance of Antibodies to Red Blood Cells
Authors: Boligan Kayluz Frias , Sandhu Gurleen , Branch Donald R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImmune‐mediated red blood cell (RBC) destruction due to antibodies is an ongoing problem in transfusion medicine for the selection of the safest blood. Serological testing often revealed incompatibility with donors’ RBCs. When this incompatible blood was transfused, destruction was due mostly to extravascular‐mediated phagocytosis of the antibody‐opsonized RBCs; however, intravascular hemolysis was sometimes observed without explanation. Based on serology, antibodies with potential for clinical sequalae could not be ascertained; thus, antigen‐negative blood was usually selected for transfusion to avoid problems. Antibodies to antigens having very high frequency in the general population (>95%), however, made selection of antigen‐negative blood difficult and sometimes impossible. Some patients, who were sensitized by previous transfusions or by pregnancy, developed multiple antibodies, again creating a problem for finding compatible blood for transfusion, without the ability to discern which of the antibodies may be clinically irrelevant and ignored. Transfusion medicine scientists began searching for an in vitro means to determine the in vivo outcome of transfusion of blood that was serologically incompatible. Methods such as chemiluminescence, monocyte‐macrophage phagocytosis, and antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were described. Over the years, the monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) has emerged as the most reliable in vitro assay for the prediction of the clinical relevance of a given antibody. ADCC has not been fully studied but has the potential to be useful for predicting which antibodies may result in intravascular hemolysis. This article captures the protocols for the implementation and readout of the MMA and ADCC assays for use in predicting the clinical significance of antibodies in a transfusion setting. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Monocyte monolayer assay (MMA)Basic Protocol 2: Antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity assay (ADCC)
Forest restoration treatments increased growth and did not change survival of ponderosa pines in severe drought, Arizona
Authors: Fulé Peter Z. , Sánchez Meador Andrew J. , Moore Margaret M. , Covington W. Wallace , Kolb Thomas E. , Huffman David W. , Normandin Donald P. , Roccaforte John Paul 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe report on survival and growth of ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosaDouglas ex P. Lawson & C. Lawson) 2 decades after forest restoration treatments in the G. A. Pearson Natural Area, northern Arizona. Despite protection from harvest that conserved old trees, a dense forest susceptible to uncharacteristically severe disturbance had developed during more than a century of exclusion of the previous frequent surface‐fire regime that ceased upon Euro‐American settlement in approximately 1876. Trees were thinned in 1993 to emulate prefire‐exclusion forest conditions, accumulated forest floor was removed, and surface fire was re‐introduced at 4‐years intervals (full restoration). There was also a partial restoration treatment consisting of thinning alone. Compared with untreated controls, mortality of old trees (mean age 243 years, maximum 462 years) differed by <1 tree ha−1and old‐tree survival was statistically indistinguishable between treatments (90.5% control, 92.3% full, 82.6% partial). Post‐treatment growth as measured by basal area increment of both old (pre‐1876) and young (post‐1876) pines was significantly higher in both treatments than counterpart control trees for more than 2 decades following thinning. Drought meeting the definition of megadrought affected the region almost all the time since the onset of the experiment, including 3 years that were severely dry. Growth of all trees declined in the driest 3 years, but old and young treated trees had significantly less decline. Association of tree growth with temperature (negative correlation) and precipitation (positive correlation) was much weaker in treated trees, indicating that they may experience less growth decline from warmer, drier conditions predicted in future decades. Overall, tree responses after the first 2 decades following treatment suggest that forest restoration treatments have led to substantial, sustained improvement in the growth of old and young ponderosa pines without affecting old‐tree survival, thereby improving resilience to a warming climate.