bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near-infrared spectroscopy measured cerebral oxygenation in full-term infants during transition: an observational study
Authors: Farag Marwa Mohamed , Ghazal Hesham Abd E. L.-Rahim , Ibrahim Alaa , Hammad Bahaa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrain is one of the most sensitive organs to hypoxia during resuscitation. NIRS-measured cerebral oxygenation is an evolving brain monitoring tool for neonatal resuscitation.MethodsWe undertook a prospective observational study for monitoring of cerebral oxygenation and peripheral preductal saturation at 1, 5, and 10 min after birth. Fractional tissue oxygen extraction was calculated as well. In addition to studying factors affecting cerebral oxygenation at those points in time. For the current cohort, cerebral oxygenation centile charts were provided at those time points. This work was registered in the cinicaltrial.gov NCT05158881.ResultsSixty healthy term neonates were enrolled to define reference ranges and centile charts of cerebral oxygenation at 1, 5, and 10 min after birth. The strongest correlations between cerebral oxygenation metrics and peripheral preductal saturation were at 5 min after birth withrvalue = 0.628. Using logistic regression analysis to determine the most significant factors affecting NIRS-measured crSO2 in healthy full-term neonates, we found that the mode of delivery was the most significant factor with OR = 4.000 (1.367–11.703) at 5 min and 8.726 (2.517–30.25) at 10 min.ConclusionsNormal values for NIRS may help to identify infants with cerebral oxygenation below a certain value indicating regional hypoxia at certain time points and can guide neonatal resuscitation interventions. Caesarean section is the most significant factor affecting cerebral oxygenation during the transition of healthy full-term neonates.
A narrative review of pox: smallpox vs monkeypox
Authors: Jayswal Samiksha , Kakadiya Jagdish 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe famed variola (smallpox) virus and the monkeypox virus (MPXV) are closely related, and MPXV causes a milder form of febrile rash disease in people. Human monkeypox was mostly an uncommon zoonotic illness that was restricted to West and Central African wooded areas in the twentieth century. The global population’s smallpox vaccine-induced immunity, however, has started to decrease as the number of cases and the geographic breadth have both increased significantly in this century. Several countries have seen human monkeypox outbreaks since May 2022. A possible shift in the monkeypox transmission pattern that might represent a bigger worldwide danger is raised by the atypical nature of these outbreaks, which are characterized by their high-case numbers and absence of ties to endemic countries. Here, we explore a wide range of MPXV biology topics.
The Early Reception of the Phillips Curve in the United Kingdom: New Evidence from the Papers of the Council on Prices, Productivity, and Incomes
Authors: Cristiano Carlo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs shown in a 2018 article by Cristiano and Paesani, the element of Phillips's 1958 article that immediately obtained attention in the policy debate was the estimate of the unemployment rate compatible with price stability. Building on this previous work and based on the unpublished papers of the Council on Prices, Productivity, and Incomes and other published sources, the present article throws fresh light on why the curve paper failed to influence policymaking. At least two reasons may account for this. First, by the late 1950s and early 1960s, works based on inferential statistics still failed to obtain widespread attention among professional economists in the United Kingdom. Second, Phillips's 1958 article came at the beginning of a process that led to the abandonment, for some time at least, of the idea of buying price stability at the cost of increasing the unemployment rate.
Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Intraventricular Metastases: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Mantziaris Georgios , Pikis Stylianos , Xu Zhiyuan , Mullen Reed , Alzate Juan , Bernstein Kenneth , Kondziolka Douglas , Wei Zhishuo , Niranjan Ajay , Lunsford L. Dade , Liscak Roman , May Jaromir , Lee Cheng-chia , Yang Huai-che , Coupé François-Louis , Mathieu David , Sheehan Kimball , Sheehan Darrah , Palmer Joshua D. , Perlow Haley K. , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Peterson Jennifer , Trifiletti Daniel M. , Shepard Matthew J. , Elhamdani Shahed , Wegner Rodney E. , Speckter Herwin , Hernandez Wenceslao , Warnick Ronald E. , Sheehan Jason 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Intraventricular metastases (IVMs) are uncommon, and their optimal management remains debatable.

OBJECTIVE:
To define the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the treatment of IVMs.

METHODS:
This retrospective, multicenter study included patients managed with SRS for IVMs. SRS-induced adverse events, local tumor or intracranial progression, and the frequency of new-onset hydrocephalus or leptomeningeal spread were documented. Analyses of variables related to patient neuroimaging or clinical outcomes were also performed.

RESULTS:
The cohort included 160 patients from 11 centers who underwent SRS for treatment of 1045 intracranial metastases, of which 196 were IVMs. The median survival from SRS was 10 months. Of the 154 patients and 190 IVMs with imaging follow-up, 94 patients (61%) experienced distant intracranial disease progression and 16 IVMs (8.4%) progressed locally. The 12- and 24-month local IVM control rates were 91.4% and 86.1%, respectively. Sixteen (10%) and 27 (17.5%) patients developed hydrocephalus and leptomeningeal dissemination post-SRS, respectively. Adverse radiation effects were documented in 24 patients (15%). Eleven patients (6.9%) died because of intracranial disease progression.

CONCLUSION:
SRS is an effective treatment option for IVMs, with a local IVM control rate comparable with SRS for parenchymal brain metastases. Leptomeningeal spread and hydrocephalus in patients with IVM occur in a minority of patients, but these patients warrant careful follow-up to detect these changes.
Clinical Outcomes of Liposomal Bupivacaine Erector Spinae Block in Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery
Authors: Dincer Alper , Wang Andy , Kanter Matthew J. , Olmos Michelle , Yang Michael , Riesenburger Ron I. , Kryzanski James T. 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Postoperative pain is a barrier to early mobility and discharge after lumbar surgery. Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) has been shown to decrease postoperative pain and narcotic consumption after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusions (TLIFs) when injected into the marginal suprafascial/subfascial plane-liposomal bupivacaine (MSSP-LB). Erector spinae plane (ESP) infiltration is a relatively new analgesic technique that may offer additional benefits when performed in addition to MSSP-LB.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate postoperative outcomes of combining ESP-LB with MSSP-LB compared with MSSP-LB alone after single-level TLIF.

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis was performed for patients undergoing single-level TLIFs under spinal anesthesia, 25 receiving combined ESP-LB and MSSP-LB and 25 receiving MSSP-LB alone. The primary outcome was length of hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pain score, time to ambulation, and narcotics usage.

RESULTS:
Baseline demographics and length of surgery were similar between groups. Hospitalization was significantly decreased in the ESP-LB + MSSP-LB cohort (2.56 days vs 3.36 days, P = .007), as were days to ambulation (0.96 days vs 1.29 days, P = .026). Postoperative pain area under the curve was significantly decreased for ESP-LB + MSSP-LB at 12 to 24 hours (39.37 ± 21.02 vs 53.38 ± 22.11, P = .03) and total (44.46 ± 19.89 vs 50.51 ± 22.15, P = .025). Postoperative narcotic use was significantly less in the ESP-LB + MSSP-LB group at 12 to 24 hours (13.18 ± 4.65 vs 14.78 ± 4.44, P = .03) and for total hospitalization (137.3 ± 96.3 vs 194.7 ± 110.2, P = .04).

CONCLUSION:
Combining ESP-LB with MSSP-LB is superior to MSSP-LB alone for single-level TLIFs in decreasing length of hospital stay, time to ambulation, postoperative pain, and narcotic use.
Transdural Approach for Resection of Craniovertebral Junction Cysts: Case Series
Authors: Jamshidi Aria M. , Govindarajan Vaidya , Levi Alan D. 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:
Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) cysts, including retro-odontoid pseudotumors, are challenging pathologies to treat and manage effectively. Surgical intervention is indicated when these lesions result in progressive myelopathy, intractable pain, or instability.

OBJECTIVE:
To present a case series of older patients who underwent successful resection retro-odontoid lesions using transdural approach.

METHODS:
A single-center, retrospective observation study of older patients who underwent transdural resection of CVJ cysts at a single institution was performed. Summary demographic information, clinical presentation, perioperative and intraoperative imaging, and Nurick scores were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS:
Eight patients were included (mean age [±SD] 75.88 ± 9.09 years). All patients presented with retro-odontoid lesions resulting in severe cervical stenosis, cord compression, and myelopathy. The mean duration of surgery was 226 ± 83.7 minutes. The average intraoperative blood loss was 181.2 cc. The average hospital stay was 4.5 days ± 1.3 (range, 3-7 days). The average follow-up time was 12.5 ± 9.5 months. No intraoperative complications were encountered. The Nurick classification score for myelopathy improved at the final postoperative examination (2.38 ± 1.06 vs 1 ± 1.07). Three patients demonstrated a pre-existing deformity prompting an instrumented fusion. Both computed tomography and MRI evidence of complete regression of retro-odontoid cyst were noted in all patients on the final follow-up.

CONCLUSION:
Posterior cervical transdural approach for ventral lesions at the CVJ is a safe and effective means of treating older patients with progressive myelopathy. This technique provides immediate spinal cord decompression while limiting neurological complications commonly associated with open or endoscopic anterior transpharyngeal approaches.
Laforin targets malin to glycogen in Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy
Authors: Mitra Sharmistha , Chen Baozhi , Wang Peixiang , Chown Erin E. , Dear Mathew , Guisso Dikran R. , Mariam Ummay , Wu Jun , Gumusgoz Emrah , Minassian Berge A. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Glycogen is the largest cytosolic macromolecule and is kept in solution through a regular system of short branches allowing hydration. This structure was thought to solely require balanced glycogen synthase and branching enzyme activities. Deposition of overlong branched glycogen in the fatal epilepsy Lafora disease (LD) indicated involvement of the LD gene products laforin and the E3 ubiquitin ligase malin in regulating glycogen structure. Laforin binds glycogen, and LD-causing mutations disrupt this binding, laforin–malin interactions and malin's ligase activity, all indicating a critical role for malin. Neither malin's endogenous function nor location had previously been studied due to lack of suitable antibodies. Here, we generated a mouse in which the native malin gene is tagged with the FLAG sequence. We show that the tagged gene expresses physiologically, malin localizes to glycogen, laforin and malin indeed interact, at glycogen, and malin's presence at glycogen depends on laforin. These results, and mice, open the way to understanding unknown mechanisms of glycogen synthesis critical to LD and potentially other much more common diseases due to incompletely understood defects in glycogen metabolism.
Clearing of hemozoin crystals in malaria parasites enables whole-cell STED microscopy
Authors: Kehrer Jessica , Pietsch Emma , Heinze Julia , Spielmann Tobias , Frischknecht Friedrich 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Malaria is a devastating mosquito-borne parasitic disease that manifests when Plasmodium parasites replicate within red blood cells. During the development within the red blood cell, the parasite digests hemoglobin and crystalizes the otherwise toxic heme. The resulting hemozoin crystals limit imaging by STED nanoscopy owing to their high light-absorbing capacity, which leads to immediate cell destruction upon contact with the laser. Here, we establish CUBIC-P-based clearing of hemozoin crystals, enabling whole-cell STED nanoscopy of parasites within red blood cells. Hemozoin-cleared infected red blood cells could reliably be stained with antibodies, and hence proteins in the hemozoin-containing digestive vacuole membrane, as well as in secretory vesicles of gametocytes, could be imaged at high resolution. Thus, this process is a valuable tool to study and understand parasite biology and the potential molecular mechanisms mediating drug resistance.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Radiobiological evaluation considering the treatment time with stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases
Authors: Nakano Hisashi , Takizawa Takeshi , Kawahara Daisuke , Tanabe Satoshi , Utsunomiya Satoru , Kaidu Motoki , Maruyama Katsuya , Takeuchi Shigekazu , Onda Kiyoshi , Koizumi Masahiko , Nishio Teiji , Ishikawa Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2022

Objective: We evaluated the radiobiological effect of the irradiation time with the interruption time of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using CyberKnife® (CK) systemfor brain metastases. Methods: We used the DICOM data and irradiation log file of the 10 patients with brain metastases from non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent brain SRS. We defined the treatment time as the sum of the dose–delivery time and the interruption time during irradiations, and we used a microdosimetric kinetic model (MKM) to evaluate the radiobiological effects of the treatment time. The biological parameters, i.e. α0, β0, and the DNA repair constant rate (a + c), were acquired from NCI-H460 cell for the MKM. We calculated the radiobiological dose for the gross tumor volume (GTVbio) to evaluate the treatment time’s effect compared with no treatment time as a reference. The D95 (%) and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group conformity index (RCI) and Paddick conformity index (PCI) were calculated as dosimetric indices. We used several DNA repair constant rates (a + c) (0.46, 1.0, and 2.0) to assess the radiobiological effect by varying the DNA repair date (a + c) values. Results: The mean values of D95 (%), RCI, and PCI for GTVbio were 98.8%, 0.90, and 0.80, respectively, and decreased with increasing treatment time. The mean values of D95 (%), RCI, and PCI of GTVbio at 2.0 (a+c) value were 94.9%, 0.71, and 0.49, respectively. Conclusion: The radiobiological effect of the treatment time on tumors was accurately evaluated with brain SRS using CK. Advances in knowledge: There has been no published investigation of the radiobiological impact of the longer treatment time with multiple interruptions of SRS using a CK on the target dose distribution in a comparison with the use of a linac. Radiobiological dose assessment that takes into account treatment time in the physical dose in this study may allow more accurate dose assessment in SRS for metastatic brain tumors using CK.
Areas of research interest: joining the dots between government and research at last?
Authors: Oliver Kathryn , Boaz Annette , Cuccato Giulia 
Published: December 2022

Background: With the aim of making it easier for researchers to produce policy-relevant research, the UK Government now requires all departments and arms-length bodies to publish annually-updated statements of their evidence needs, called ‘Areas of Research Interest’ (ARIs). We describe how ARIs are produced, and how they are used to support this aim. Aims and objectives: In this paper we offer a description of ARIs and their development by UK governmental departments, and an assessment of how different stakeholders, including academia and funders, have responded to or otherwise used the ARIs. Key conclusions: ARIs are a mechanism for organisations to share their research interests with external audiences in the form of a published document. In addition to this primary aim, they also have a much broader set of uses, including connecting departments with each other and helping intermediaries shape engagement plans. All groups would benefit from more robust evidence to choose effective engagement mechanisms, and more can be done to make the ARIs discoverable and useable. Overall, the ARIs are a useful tool to illuminate, and begin to connect different parts of the research-policy system.
Estimating Customer Impatience in a Service System With Unobserved Balking
Authors: Inoue Yoshiaki , Ravner Liron , Mandjes Michel 
Published: December 2022

This paper studies a service system in which arriving customers are provided with information about the delay they will experience. Based on this information, they decide to wait for service or leave the system. Specifically, every customer has a patience threshold, and they balk if the observed delay is above the threshold. The main objective is to estimate the parameters of the customers’ patience-level distribution and the corresponding potential arrival rate, using knowledge of the actual queue-length process only. The main complication and distinguishing feature of our setup lies in the fact that customers who decide not to join are not observed, and remarkably, we manage to devise a procedure to estimate the underlying patience and arrival rate parameters. The model is a multiserver queue with a Poisson stream of customers, enabling evaluation of the corresponding likelihood function of the state-dependent effective arrival process. We establish strong consistency of the MLE and derive the asymptotic distribution of the estimation error. Several applications and extensions of the method are discussed. The performance is further assessed through a series of numerical experiments. By fitting parameters of hyperexponential and generalized hyperexponential distributions, our method provides a robust estimation framework for any continuous patience-level distribution. Funding: The research of Y. Inoue is supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI [Grant JP18K18007]. The research of L. Ravner and M. Mandjes is partly funded by NWO Gravitation Project Networks [Grant 024.002.003]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/stsy.2022.0101 .
Macroscopic morphology of the male genitalia of Caenolestes caniventer (Caenolestidae: Paucituberculata)
Authors: Brito Jorge , Nivelo-Villavicencio Carlos , Reyes-Puig Carolina , Yánez-Muñoz Mario H. 
Published: December 2022

La anatomía del pene en paucituberculados ha merecido poca atención. El único tratado que aborda la genitalia y próstata en este grupo de marsupiales proviene de hace un siglo. El presente trabajo describe la morfología macroscópica de la genitalia masculina del ratón marsupial de vientre gris, Caenolestes caniventer, estructura que puede ser de utilidad en el campo taxonómico, reproductivo y evolutivo. Los genitales fueron removidos (n = 2) con una incisión basal durante la taxidermia de los especímenes y conservados en una solución de alcohol al 90 %. En el laboratorio los genitales fueron preparados siguiendo protocolos de eversión y tinturado los genitales para resaltar las estructuras. Se describió el genital y sus estructuras. El pene presenta un glande largo y ancho, con dos distintivos apéndices ubicados en su extremo. Un surco medio espermático se extiende hasta los apéndices. Los apéndices son 1.6 veces más largos que la longitud del glande, de forma relativamente cilíndrica y estriada, estrechándose progresivamente hasta terminar en una punta distal con aspecto de garfio. El largo de los apéndices y las protuberancias en forma de espina podrían ser clave para la eficiencia reproductiva. Hipotetizamos que la familia Caenolestidae presenta de manera general formas similares del pene, pero con diferencias entre especies. Los resultados son de utilidad en el campo taxonómico, reproductivo y evolutivo.
First case of piebaldism in Eumops auripendulus in Costa Rica
Authors: Mora José M. , Sánchez Ronald 
Published: December 2022

Las anomalías pigmentarias son causadas por deficiencia o exceso de melanina, lo que resulta en alteraciones cromáticas de la piel y el pelaje o las plumas. La anomalía que consiste en manchas blancas se ha definido en murciélagos como leucismo o piebaldismo. Presentamos el primer registro de piebaldismo en Eumops auripendulus en Costa Rica. Mientras monitoreamos murciélagos en áreas urbanas, medimos el antebrazo de todos los individuos y notamos (entre otros rasgos) el color del pelaje y la longitud de las orejas. Buscamos la presencia de glándulas y evaluamos el grado de osificación de las placas epifisarias en las articulaciones falángicas. El 13 de septiembre de 2021 encontramos un macho muerto de E. auripendulus en San Ramón, Costa Rica. Su antebrazo midió 57.5 mm, que está dentro del rango de 57 – 63 mm registrado para esta especie. El murciélago era un individuo juvenil con una mancha blanca en la región abdominal media. Casos similares de coloración aberrante se han definido como piebaldismo. El registro de piebaldismo en E. auripendulus es el segundo para Molossidae en Costa Rica en un total de 6 casos de desórdenes cromáticos. Estos casos de coloración aberrante podrían estar relacionados con circunstancias potencialmente perjudiciales; por ejemplo, la presencia de manchas blancas puede estar asociada a la sordera, lo que en el caso de los murciélagos les impediría utilizar la ecolocalización. El conocimiento de casos de anomalías cromáticas en murciélagos ayudará a comprender las implicaciones ecológicas y fisiológicas de esta condición.
O COMPLIANCE COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETIVAÇÃO DA SEGURANÇA DE BARRAGENS DE MINERAÇÃO / COMPLIANCE AS A MINING DAM SAFETY EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT
Authors: Gomes Magno Federici , Araujo Luíza Guerra 
Published: December 2022

Resumo: Este artigo tem como escopo analisar a possibilidade de exigência do compliance como um instrumento de efetivação do sistema de segurança das barragens de mineração, verificando de qual forma essa exigência pode ocorrer com base no ordenamento jurídico vigente. Como marco teórico foram utilizados a Portaria nº 70.389/2017 do Departamento Nacional de Produção Mineral (DNPM) e a obra Processo Administrativo Ambiental, de Niebuhr (2014), utilizando método analítico-dedutivo. Após exame da literatura especializada, observou-se que o compliance é viável quando utilizado como instrumento de efetivação do sistema de gestão de segurança das barragens de mineração e pode ser exigido pelos órgãos competentes pelo licenciamento ambiental e para concessão do título minerário.Palavras-chave: Barragens de mineração; Segurança; Gestão; Compliance; Programas de integridade. Abstract: This article aims to analyze the possibility of compliance requirement as an instrument of effectiveness of the security system of mining dams, verifying how this requirement can occur based on the current legal system. As theoretical framework were used Ordinance No. 70.389 / 2017 of the National Department of Mineral Production (DNPM) and the work Environmental Administrative Process, Pedro de Menezes Niebuhr, using analytical-deductive method. After reviewing the specialized literature, it was observed that yes, compliance can be used as an instrument to implement the safety management system of mining dams and may be required by the competent agencies for environmental licensing and for the granting of mining title.Keywords: Mining dams; Safety; Management; Compliance; Integrity programs.