bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Irregular Labour Pains and Meconium in Low Risk Pregnancies
Authors: Haq Aqsa Ikram ul , Bashir Shama , Sadiq Nadia , Shabana Nargis , Waheed Nabeela , Aqsa Umm E 
Published: February 2022

Background
Meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a frequent occurrence seen by health care providers in obstetric and neonatal practice. MSAF is a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome even in low risk pregnancies, so MSAF can be taken as independent marker of fetal distress. MSAF was associated with higher rate of caesarean delivery, meconium aspiration syndrome, hospital admission and perinatal mortality.
Objective
The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of MSAF in low risk pregnancies presenting with irregular labour pains between 37 to 40 weeks of gestation.
Material and Methods
This was a Descriptive case series conducted in Gynae / Obs Unit II, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from December 2020 to May 2021. All patients registered in the labour room of Obs/Gynae Unit-II between 37 to 40 weeks were evaluated for the occurrence of irregular labour pains, with the help of history and clinical examination. Presence of meconium stained amniotic fluid in low risk pregnancies presenting with irregular labour pains was noted. A cutoff value of 12 hours for irregular labour pains was taken and after that elective amniotomy was done to see the colour of liquor and delivery was planned accordingly. Informed written consent was taken from all patients before enrollment in study. All relevant information was recorded on specified proforma.
Results
Out of 120 low risk pregnant women those presenting with irregular labour pains, meconium was found positive in 77 (64.2%) pregnant women. Out of which majority 45 (37.5%) was 26-30 years old. The mean age of the pregnant women was 28.05 years those fall in the category of low risk pregnancies with irregular labour pains and the standard deviation was 4.354. Among 36 (30.0%) pregnant women who were 19-25 years old, meconium was found positive in 21 (17.5%) pregnant women. Among 45 (37.5%) pregnant women who were 26-30 years old, meconium was found positive in 32 (26.7%) pregnant women. Likewise among 39 (32.5%) pregnant women who were 31-38 years old, meconium was found positive in 24 (20.0%) pregnant women.

Conclusion
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid was prevalent among majority of the women (64.2%) those presented with irregular labour pains and categorized as low risk. Mean age of the women was 28.05 years. MSAF was found positive among all three age groups but it was more prevalence in age group 26-30 years.
The ODYSSEUS Survey. Motivation and First Results: Accretion, Ejection, and Disk Irradiation of CVSO 109
Authors: Espaillat C. C. , Herczeg G. J. , Thanathibodee T. , Pittman C. , Calvet N. , Arulanantham N. , France K. , Serna Javier , Hernández J. , Kóspál Á. , Walter F. M. , Frasca A. , Fischer W. J. , Johns-Krull C. M. , Schneider P. C. , Robinson C. , Edwards Suzan , Ábrahám P. , Fang Min , Erkal J. , Manara C. F. , Alcalá J. M. , Alecian E. , Alexander R. D. , Alonso-Santiago J. , Antoniucci Simone , Ardila David R. , Banzatti Andrea , Benisty M. , Bergin Edwin A. , Biazzo Katia , Briceño César , Campbell-White Justyn , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Coffey Deirdre , Eislöffel Jochen , Facchini Stefano , Fedele D. , Fiorellino Eleonora , Froebrich Dirk , Gangi Manuele , Giannini Teresa , Grankin K. , Günther Hans Moritz , Guo Zhen , Hartmann Lee , Hillenbrand Lynne A. , Hinton P. C. , Kastner Joel H. , Koen Chris , Maucó K. , Mendigutía I. , Nisini B. , Panwar Neelam , Principe D. A. , Robberto Massimo , Sicilia-Aguilar A. , Valenti Jeff A. , Wendeborn J. , Williams Jonathan P. , Xu Ziyan , Yadav R. K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) Director’s Discretionary Program of low-mass pre-main-sequence stars, coupled with forthcoming data from Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and James Webb Space Telescope, will provide the foundation to revolutionize our understanding of the relationship between young stars and their protoplanetary disks. A comprehensive evaluation of the physics of disk evolution and planet formation requires understanding the intricate relationships between mass accretion, mass outflow, and disk structure. Here we describe the Outflows and Disks around Young Stars: Synergies for the Exploration of ULLYSES Spectra (ODYSSEUS) Survey and present initial results of the classical T Tauri Star CVSO 109 in Orion OB1b as a demonstration of the science that will result from the survey. ODYSSEUS will analyze the ULLYSES spectral database, ensuring a uniform and systematic approach in order to (1) measure how the accretion flow depends on the accretion rate and magnetic structures, (2) determine where winds and jets are launched and how mass-loss rates compare with accretion, and (3) establish the influence of FUV radiation on the chemistry of the warm inner regions of planet-forming disks. ODYSSEUS will also acquire and provide contemporaneous observations at X-ray, optical, near-IR, and millimeter wavelengths to enhance the impact of the ULLYSES data. Our goal is to provide a consistent framework to accurately measure the level and evolution of mass accretion in protoplanetary disks, the properties and magnitudes of inner-disk mass loss, and the influence of UV radiation fields that determine ionization levels and drive disk chemistry.
Unresolved Binaries in the Intermediate Mass Range in the Pleiades Star Cluster*
Authors: Malofeeva Alina A. , Seleznev Anton F. , Carraro Giovanni 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The identification of binary stars of different mass ratios in resolved stellar populations is a challenging task. We show how the photometric diagram constructed with the pseudocolors (H-W2)-W1 versus W2-(BP-K) can be employed to estimate the binary and multiple star ratios and the distribution of their component mass ratio q effectively. As an application, we investigate the Pleiades star cluster in the range of primary component mass between 0.5 and 1.8 M
⊙. The binary star ratio is found to be between 0.54 ± 0.11 and 0.70 ± 0.14. On the other hand, the ratio of systems with a multiplicity of more than two is between 0.10 ± 0.00 and 0.14 ± 0.01. The distribution of the component mass ratio q has been approximated by a power law with the exponent between −0.53 ± 0.10 and −0.63 ± 0.22. Below 0.5 M
⊙, we expect a large number of brown dwarfs among secondary components.
Accretion Disk Luminosity for Black Holes Surrounded by Dark Matter with Anisotropic Pressure
Authors: Kurmanov E. , Boshkayev K. , Giambò R. , Konysbayev T. , Luongo O. , Malafarina D. , Quevedo H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We investigate the luminosity of the accretion disk of a static black hole surrounded by dark matter with anisotropic pressure. We calculate all basic orbital parameters of test particles in the accretion disk, such as angular velocity, angular momentum, energy, and radius of the innermost circular stable orbit as functions of the dark matter density, radial pressure, and anisotropic parameter, which establishes the relationship between the radial and tangential pressures. We show that the presence of dark matter with anisotropic pressure makes a noticeable difference in the geometry around a Schwarzschild black hole, affecting the radiative flux, differential luminosity, and spectral luminosity of the accretion disk.
Knowledge of HIV AIDS and Sexual Risk Transgender Women Behavior on Suburban City of Indonesia
Authors: Muzakkir Muzakkir , Darwis Darwis , Yunding Junaedi , Irfan Irfan 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Transvestites are male sex-oriented women and look like women, transvestites physically want to look like women and psychologically they identify themselves as women. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge about HIV AIDS and risky sexual behavior in transvestites. Method: The research design used was Analytical Observational with a Crossectional Study approach. The number of samples of 103 people was selected by Purposive Sampling from all transvestites in Majene Regency. Retrieving data using knowledge questionnaires and risky sexual behavior. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test. Results: Average age of 25.33 years (SD = 4.43). Only about 13% had received university or higher education. The results of this study indicate that 33.0% with high level knowledge categories and 67.0% categories of lower level knowledgeableThe results showed a value of P: 0.007. Conclusion: There is a relationship between knowledge about HIV AIDS and risky sexual behavior in transvestites with p 0.007.
Profiles of Patients with Musculoskeletal Injury in Children at Tertiary Referral Hospital in Indonesia
Authors: Sananta Panji , Julana Rizky , Siahaan Lasa Dhakka 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Fractures in children cause a long-term disability and decrease the quality of life in every person involved. Factors that affect fracture incidence must be identified so that we can create prevention management. This study evaluates children's fracture patterns in Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang from January 2016 until August 2020.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among children under 18 years old by analyzing patients' medical records. The characteristics of patients and fractures are reviewed using SPSS version 25 for Windows.
Results: We analyze 774 children as the sample study, with 70% of them being boys. Fractures mainly occur in the 12-18 years old group (92.8%). Most of them are caused by traffic accidents (58%). Consequently, the street (76.9%) is the most frequent place of trauma. Closed fractures (70%) are the most common type, and distal radius or ulna (21.2%) is the fracture's most frequent site. For treatment, the majority of patients have undergone closed reduction and casting (21.7%).
Conclusion: Fractures in children occur predominantly in boys and result from traffic accidents. A single and close fracture is the most common type of fracture.
Prevalence of Subclinical Keratoconus in Children with Astigmatism in Iraq
Authors: Layikh Haider , Abbas Farooq M. , Attar Hasanain H. , Kadhum Alyaa A. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Keratoconus is a progressive ectatic corneal pathology that involves both eyes, its usually asymmetrical, its early diagnosis and treatment are vital for the prevention of ocular morbidity that usually happen if it's not treated.
Aim: To detect the prevalence of subclinical keratoconus and keratoconus suspect in children with the astigmatic error of ≥2 Diopters in Diwaniya city, Iraq.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study, which investigates all the children aged six to eighteen years with an astigmatic error of ≥2 Diopters who attended the ophthalmology department for a routine eye examination during the period from January 2020 to June 2021.
All children underwent full eye examination and corneal imaging study with a modern set which is a pentagram with Scheimpflug technology.

Results: we had 488 children participated in our study, the Mean age of participants was 12.01 ± 1.24 (range 6–18) years, 255 children were males (52.2%) and 233 were female children (47.7%) and they were divided into 2 age groups: first one between 6 and 12 years 225 children ( 46.1%) the second one between 12 to 18 years include 263 children (53.8%).
We found 21 children with subclinical keratoconus ( 4.3% ) and 24 children were keratoconus suspects ( 4.9% ).

Conclusion: the prevalence of keratoconus whether subclinical or suspect among the children with astigmatism who enrolled in our study was relatively high, the use of modern imaging technique tests is vital in the diagnosis.
Benthic macroinvertebrates assemblages of glacial-fed (Bheri) and rain-fed (Babai) rivers in western Nepal in the wake of proposed inter-basin water transfer
Authors: Khatri Kumar , Gurung Smriti , Jha Bibhuti , Khadka Udhab 
Published: February 2022

Benthic macroinvertebrates, encompassing large taxonomic groups of invertebrate organisms, are important components of aquatic ecosystems and play crucial roles in aquatic food webs. These organisms are also extensively used in water quality assessments as bioindicators for a range of stressors. Inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) is the transfer of water from a donor basin to a recipient basin and such transfers have both beneficial as well as adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts. This study attempts to generate baseline information on macroinvertebrates assemblages in glacial-fed (Bheri) and rain-fed (Babai) rivers of west Nepal, where Nepal’s first ever inter-basin transfer is in progress and the data can be used to assess the impact of inter-basin water transfer on water quality and aquatic biodiversity after completion.
The dataset includes the records on the taxonomic diversity of macroinvertebrate in the Bheri and the Babai River systems. A total of 56 families of macroinvertebrates belonging to eight classes and four phyla were observed. A significant variation between the glacial-fed and rain-fed and seasons were observed reflecting different ecological zones and abiotic variables in the rivers and their catchments. Hydropsychidae and Baetidae were reported to be the most abundant taxa in the Bheri River system, whereas Gyrinidae, Physidae, Chironomidae and Hydropsychidae were most abundant taxa in the Babai River system.
La fin de l’urbanisation en France ?
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François , Guieysse Jean-Albert , Rebour Thierry 
Published: February 2022

De l’avènement de l’ère industrielle à la fin des Trente Glorieuses, l’espace français a connu un phénomène de concentration de sa population dans les villes, donc d’urbanisation. Cette dynamique a fait devenir majoritaire la population des villes auparavant minoritaire. Ce phénomène se prolonge-t-il jusqu’à ce que le peuplement de la France devienne exclusivement urbain ? Ne serait-ce pas le contraire qui se déploie face à des dynamiques centrifuges du peuplement à toutes les échelles ? Une étude fine des évolutions et de leurs causes, enrichie par l’analyse des changements dans la hiérarchie des villes, permet de répondre à ces questions.
An overview of human infections caused by <em>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius:</em> A zoonotic risk of the oldest friend
Authors: Priyantha MAR 
Published: February 2022

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is colonized in 90% of healthy dogs and the infection has also been reported in humans who have close contact with dogs. S. pseudintermedius is a Gram positive coagulase positive coccus which is an opportunistic pathogen. Human infection has been reported less frequently either due to misidentification or misdiagnosis or to underreporting. The objective of this overview is to highlight the epidemiology, clinical presentation, importance of laboratory tests and antimicrobial resistance of S. pseudintermedius in humans.Human infections of S. pseudintermedius have been reported as case studies or clusters of infections in the literature. Several cases have been reported among the adult population, and in patients with metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, immunocompromised states such as AIDS, cancers, and autoimmune diseases. The organism had been isolated and identified both in healthy people and individuals with adverse clinical outcomes. S. pseudintermedius causes skin and soft tissue infections, catheter associated infections and surgical site infections in humans. The incidence of skin and soft tissue infection by S. pseudintermedius in humans was 0.025% in Canada. Methicillin resistance S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) has been isolated both in healthy people and associated with clinical infections. MRSP is often multidrug resistant and therapeutic options are limited. Multidrug resistance has been detected in methicillin susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP). Close association of a canine host is the major risk factor in humans and vulnerable individuals need to be persuaded to practice hygienic practices to minimize the risk of zoonotic infection.In conclusion, differentiation of S. pseudintermedius from S. aureus is required to understand the epidemiology of the disease, diagnosis, clinical presentation, and further interpretation of antimicrobial resistance in the human clinical context. Suitable hygienic practices post handling of dogs and improvement of laboratory facilities would help minimize the incidence of S. pseudintermedius infections in humans.
Comparison of Clinical and Radiological Features of Aquaporin4 (AQP-4) Antibody Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and Anti Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (Anti-MOG) Syndrome-Our Experience from Northwest India
Authors: Jain Rajendra Singh , Jain Deepak , Murarka Sourabh , Vyas Arvind , Sharma Bhawna , Srivastava Trilochan , Kumar Kamlesh , Jain Yavnika , Rao Kavya , Agrawal Jitesh , Tejwani Shankar 
Published: February 2022

Background:
More and more cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody are being diagnosed with the availability of laboratory tests helping us to know the differing patterns from AQP-4 antibody disease and we need to understand the natural course, treatment, and prognosis in a better way.

Objectives:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and anti-MOG syndromes are immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating conditions of the central nervous system (CNS) that mainly involve the optic nerves and the spinal cord. We conducted this study to compare demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of AQP-4 antibody and MOG antibody positive patients.

Methods:
A single-centre retrospective observational study from a large tertiary care university centre of Northwest India conducted during 2019--2021. We screened all patients presenting with acute CNS demyelinating attacks and recruited total 47 patients of which 25 were positive for AQP4 antibody and 22 were positive for MOG antibody. No patient tested positive for both antibodies. Data were collected using a standardized format including demographic, clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging data.

Results:
In our study, total 47 patients were included, amongst which 25 patients were AQP4 antibody and 22 patients were MOG antibody positive. Though there was no gender preponderance, pediatric patients were more frequently affected in MOG antibody positive group. In AQP-4 antibody positive patients, myelitis was most common presenting clinical feature followed by optic neuritis (ON), simultaneous ON with myelitis, and brainstem syndrome. In MOG antibody positive group, myelitis was the commonest phenotype followed by ON, brainstem syndrome, and cerebral syndrome. The neuroimaging revealed involvement of medulla mainly area postrema, cervicodorsal spinal cord and extension of cervical lesion up to brainstem more commonly in AQP4 antibody group, on the other hand involvement of upper brainstem (midbrain and pons), cortex, and conus was more common in MOG antibody group.

Conclusion:
We have made an attempt to find differentiating features in AQP-4 vs. MOG antibody positive cases but they were of no statistically significance value as the numbers were small. Further larger studies may prove helpful in planning better strategies in two groups.
Escherichia coli Ingested via Food May Overshadow the Positive Effects of Clean Drinking Water: An Example from Dhaka
Authors: Jensen Peter Kjær Mackie , Hossain Zenat Zebin , Ferdous Jannatul , Sultana Rebeca , Almeida Sara , Koch Ellen Bjerre , Begum Anowara 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
The minimal health impact observed in large-scale water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) intervention studies motivated us to investigate the contribution of contaminated food and drinking water to the total daily Escherichia coli load ingested by the average adult in a low-income, urban area. Leftover food (food left at room temperature for more than 6 hours) from 32 households was collected eight times at 6-week intervals in 2014–2015 in the low-income area of Arichpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. In total, 117 samples were obtained from four food types: fish, lentils, rice, and vegetables, which comprise approximately 85.2% of the average adult’s personal daily food consumption. Samples were analyzed for E. coli using selective chromogenic media. For an average adult, the daily consumption of the four food types at mean contamination levels of E. coli can contribute 4.45 log colony-forming units (cfu)/day (95% confidence interval 4.06–4.84). Drinking water quality was measured 211 times at the point of drinking, with a mean, median, and maximum contamination of 1.9, 1.2, and 2.82 log E. coli cfu/100 mL, respectively. If the typical adult in Arichpur was able to drink water with 0 E. coli cfu/100 mL, it would only remove < 5.2% of the total E. coli ingested per day with a mean-contaminated diet. These approximations may suggest why insignificant effects have been observed for water quality interventions in similar, low-hygiene settings. In Arichpur, the E. coli contribution from drinking water to the total E. coli load was insufficient to exert a substantial effect.
Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Malaria Diagnosis Can Be Increasingly Adopted during Current Phase of Malaria Elimination in India
Authors: Rahi Manju , Sharma Rishu , Saroha Poonam , Chaturvedi Rini , Bharti Praveen K. , Sharma Amit 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
Despite commendable progress in control of malaria in India and other countries, there are hidden reservoirs of parasites in human hosts that continually feed malaria transmission. Submicroscopic infections are a significant proportion in low-endemic settings like India, and these infections possess transmission potential. Hence, these reservoirs of infection add to the existing roadblocks for malaria elimination. It is crucial that this submerged burden of malaria is detected and treated to curtail further transmission. The currently used diagnostic tools, including the so-called “gold standard” microscopy, are incapable of detecting these submicroscopic infections and thus are suboptimal. It is an opportune time to usher in more sensitive molecular tools like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for routine diagnosis at all levels of healthcare as an additional diagnostic tool in routine settings. PCR assays have been developed into user-friendly formats for field diagnostics and are near-point-of-collection. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, these are being used rampantly across the country. The facilities created for COVID-19 diagnosis can easily be co-opted and harnessed for malaria diagnosis to augment surveillance by the inclusion of molecular techniques like PCR in the routine national malaria control program.