bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative regulation of seed germination by maternal AFB1 and AFB5 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Yixing , Goertz Nadjeschda J. , Rillo Emily , Yang Ming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The plant hormone auxin suppresses seed germination, but how auxin does it remains poorly understood. While studying the functions of the AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) auxin co-receptors in Arabidopsis, we consistently isolated AFB1 and AFB5 in reproductive tissues in co-immunoprecipitation experiments using their interacting protein ASK1 as the bait. However, T2 seeds of the AFB1 or AFB5 transgenic lines generated for the co-immunoprecipitation experiments frequently failed to germinate, which led to the studies of seed germination in these plants and afb1 and afb5 mutants, and AFB1 and AFB5 expression in nearly mature fruit and imbibed seeds using AFB1:GUS and AFB5:GUS lines. We found that AFB1 and AFB5 acted in maternal tissues to suppress seed germination and their effects were positively correlated with the plants’ sensitivity to indole acetic acid. Conversely, afb1 and afb5 single mutants exhibited faster seed germination than the wild type and the seeds of the afb1-5afb5-5 double mutant germinated even faster than those of the afb1-5 and afb5-5 single mutants. Seed germination of the afb1-5afb5-5 double mutant also exhibited higher sensitivity to gibberellic acid than that of the wild-type and the afb1-3, afb1-5 and afb5-5 single mutants. Both AFB1 and AFB5 were expressed in the funiculus during seed maturation, and AFB1 was also transiently expressed in a small chalazal region surrounding the hilum in the seed coat during seed imbibition. Therefore, AFB1 and AFB5 likely suppress seed germination in the funiculus and AFB1 also briefly suppresses seed germination in the chalaza during seed imbibition.
Factors Predicting Mental Effort Associated With Verbal Fluency: Cue Types, Switching, and Fear of Negative Evaluation
Authors: Lam Boji P. W. , Marquardt Thomas P. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Verbal fluency, a task frequently employed in neuropsychological assessment, provides important word productivity data but little information about subjective effort associated with demand monitoring and resource allocation. In two experiments, this study investigated the effects of task variables (semantic vs. phonemic cues; alternating vs. nonalternating conditions) and personal factors (fear of negative evaluation and trait anxiety) on subjective effort for a wide variety of verbal fluency tasks in neurotypical individuals.

Method:
Twenty-one adults completed eight verbal fluency tasks in Experiment 1. The tasks were selected to examine effort reported for verbal fluency that differed in (a) cue types and (b) the disruptions of clustering strategies. In Experiment 2, a separate group of 50 adults completed two verbal fluency tasks twice in separate sessions. Participants also completed social–emotional measures including fear of negative evaluation and trait anxiety. Working memory was assessed as a control variable.

Results:
Experiment 1 showed greater effort for completing semantic than phonemic cue tasks and greater effort for alternating than nonalternating conditions. Alternating semantic verbal fluency yielded the greatest effort among all tasks. Differences in effort could not be accounted for by performance alone. Experiment 2 showed that greater fear toward negative evaluation was associated with greater effort. The relationship between fear and effort was not related to trait anxiety or moderated by performance levels or repeated testing.

Conclusions:
Knowledge about factors that impact subjective effort in neurotypical individuals is fundamental to accurate interpretation of effort reported by clinical populations. This study demonstrated the multifaceted nature of subjective effort that could not be accounted for by performance alone. In addition to task variables, effort assessment needs to consider the impact of social–emotional factors such as fear toward negative evaluation.
The Impact of Self-Disclosure and Strategies for Communication Competence on Professors' Perceptions and Evaluations of Students Who Do and Do Not Stutter
Authors: Werle Danielle , Byrd Courtney T. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of self-disclosure and strategies for communication competence on perceptual ratings and performance evaluations of undergraduate students who do and do not stutter by professors who require oral presentations.

Method:
Two hundred thirty-eight college instructors who require oral presentations in their classes participated in this study. Each participant viewed one video of six possible randomized conditions varying according to the presence and disclosure of stuttering (i.e., fluent, stuttering, stuttering + disclosure) and level of communication competence (i.e., high vs. low). Participants evaluated public speaking performance against a standardized rubric and rated the student along 16 personality traits.

Results:
Results of separate 2 × 3 analyses of variance revealed that professors perceived a student who disclosed stuttering, compared to the identical video without disclosure, more positively overall. Significant interactions between fluency (i.e., presence vs. absence of stuttering vs. disclosure of stuttering) and communication competence (i.e., high vs. low) were found for overall performance evaluation scores. The video during which the student disclosed stuttering and presented with low communication competence was given a higher score than the identical video without disclosure.

Conclusions:
Professors respond positively to both strategies for high communication competence and self-disclosure. High communication competence behaviors mitigate positive feedback bias. Disclosure results in improved positive perceptions across levels of communication competence. For students presenting with low communication competence, disclosure may improve evaluation of performance in oral presentations. The greatest perceptual and evaluative benefits were achieved with the combination of the two strategies.
Quantum algorithms for attacking hardness assumptions in classical and post‐quantum cryptography
Authors: Biasse J.‐F. , Bonnetain X. , Kirshanova E. , Schrottenloher A. , Song F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this survey, the authors review the main quantum algorithms for solving the computational problems that serve as hardness assumptions for cryptosystem. To this end, the authors consider both the currently most widely used classically secure cryptosystems, and the most promising candidates for post‐quantum secure cryptosystems. The authors provide details on the cost of the quantum algorithms presented in this survey. The authors furthermore discuss ongoing research directions that can impact quantum cryptanalysis in the future.
Palliative Care Kompetenzen im Bachelorstudium Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege. Ergebnisse einer Nominalgruppenbefragung in Österreich im Rahmen des EU-Projekts NurseEduPal@euro
Authors: Egger-Rainer Andrea , Weck Christiane , Paal Piret , Bublitz Sarah K. , Lex Katharina , Lorenzl Stefan , Brandstötter Cornelia 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Zur Definition einer europaweit einheitlichen Mindestqualifikation von Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger:innen in Palliative Care werden im Erasmus+-Projekt NurseEduPal@euro curriculare Empfehlungen für das Bachelorstudium erarbeitet. Ziel dieser Studie war die Erstellung einer Konsensliste zu pflegerischen Kernkompetenzen mit österreichischen Expert:innen.
Methodik Im Mai 2021 wurden 8 Expert:innen nach der Nominalgruppentechnik befragt. Die Daten wurden sowohl quantitativ als auch qualitativ ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 47 Ideen generiert. Zu den wichtigsten Kompetenzen zählten Ethik, Achtung und Haltung, rechtliche Grundlagen, Forschung, Selbstreflexion, der Umgang mit Sterbewunsch, Trauer, Sterben und Tod, Symptommanagement, Pflegediagnostik, Kommunikation und kulturelle Kompetenz.
Schlussfolgerung Die gesammelten Ideen bilden einen Expert:innenkonsens und dienen als Anknüpfungspunkt für weitere Forschungsarbeiten.
Efficient Catalyst-Free Henry Reaction between Nitroalkanes and Aldehydes or Trifluoromethyl Ketones Promoted by Tap Water
Authors: Du Zhi-Hong , Da Chao-Shan , Yuan Meng , Tao Bao-Xiu , Ding Tie-Ying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe first examples of highly effective Henry reactions between nitroalkanes and aldehydes or trifluoromethyl ketones that proceed under catalyst-free and additive-free conditions, in a recyclable tap water medium, and at room temperature are reported. This process tolerates a broad range of aldehydes and trifluoromethyl ketones to give a series of β-nitro alcohol products in excellent yields. Such products are widely used in the syntheses of pharmaceutical intermediates and natural products. This protocol can be successfully scaled up to a 50-mmol scale without a reduction in yield. Tap water from different locations in China exhibited pH values ranging from 7.5 to 8.1, but the varying pH had no effect on the yield and the processes were successfully reproduced. Finally, the tap water was effectively recovered and reused without any postprocessing, even when the reaction substrates were different.
Biobehavioral Interventions in Headache Treatment
Authors: Weeks Randall E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeadaches may be highly disabling and can have significant direct and indirect costs for the individual, family, and society. Biobehavioral factors are important variables in the assessment and treatment of headache. As a patient's headache frequency and disability increases, comorbid cognitive and behavioral variables may be important treatment considerations in the comprehensive management. This article will discuss various behavioral factors that the headache practitioner should consider when making a headache diagnosis and formulating a treatment strategy. Biobehavioral interventions (e.g., relaxation training, electromyographic training, thermal biofeedback, mindfulness, and cognitive–behavior therapy) and their efficacy will be described and reviewed, but neuromodulation and noninvasive devices are outside the scope of this article.
Strain-Induced Regioselective Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis of Hybrid Cage Propellane Containing both Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene and Bicyclo[2.2.2]octene Units
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Mehta Gulazarahind 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHerein, we report strain-driven regioselective tandem ring-opening cross-metathesis (ROCM) of a linearly fused cage system that contains both bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene and bicyclo[2.2.2]octene units fused to the same cage system. The synthesis of novel cage propellane involves Diels–Alder cycloaddition and [2+2] photocycloaddition as key steps.
Revisiting Concepts of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Evaluation of Brain Lesions: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Singh Bhanupriya , Yadav Rajlakshmi , Kumar Tushant , Kawlra Sandeep 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has emerged as a technique due to its ability to characterize the metabolite constituent of any lesion. We have evaluated magnetic resonance (MR) spectral patterns in different neoplastic brain lesions, using the ability of MRS in grading of gliomas. MRS also helps in differentiating between high-grade glioma and metastases.
Method A retrospective observational study in histologically confirmed cases of brain neoplasms in which MRS was performed as a part of preoperative MR imaging. The pattern of metabolite peak was observed and means with standard deviation of different metabolite ratios (choline/creatine, choline/N-acetylaspartate [NAA], NAA/creatine) were calculated for different tumors. Analysis was done to see statistically significant differences in metabolite ratios of different grades of gliomas and to differentiate high-grade gliomas from metastases.
Result A total of 61 cases with brain tumor were included in the study. Of which, 20 cases were of gliomas, 11 metastases, 9 meningiomas, 4 dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors, 6 pituitary macroadenomas, 4 trigeminal schwannomas, 3 craniopharyngiomas, 2 acoustic schwannomas, and 2 medulloblastomas. Statistically significant differences in ratios of metabolite peaks were noted between different grades of gliomas and for high-grade glioma versus metastases.
Conclusion MRS compliments the MR imaging and stands out as problem-solving method to distinguish neoplastic lesions in selected cases and also has a role in grading of gliomas and in differentiation of types of malignancies.
Enlargement of the Pancreas in Children Diagnosed with Acute Pancreatitis: An Approach Based on P/V Ratio
Authors: Raut Dhanraj S. , Desai Shubhangi A. , Raje Dhananjay V. , Singh Dinesh , Dandge Vithalrao P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis is a reversible inflammation of the pancreatic parenchyma. Enlargement of the pancreas is often envisaged in such conditions. This study evaluates P/V ratio, as a marker to decide pancreatic enlargement in disease condition.
Purpose The aim of this study was to develop imaging-based diagnostic criterion for acute pancreatitis in children based on P/V ratio.
Material and Methods This study included 37 children with acute pancreatitis and 283 children asymptomatic for pancreatic disorders, from a single hospital center. The age of children ranged between 2 and 18 years. P/V ratio, which is the ratio of greatest anteroposterior dimension of the head, body, and tail of the pancreas relative to the transverse lumbar vertebral body, was obtained for each child through ultrasonographic examination. Age-adjusted receiver operating characteristics (AROC) analysis was performed on P/V ratio at presentation for each pancreatic region, and the sensitivity at 90% specificity, the threshold errors, and the corresponding cutoffs were obtained. The enlargement assessment was also done after clinical recovery by referring to the cutoffs of respective regions.
Results AROC analysis for males and females resulted into a maximum sensitivity of 83.33 and 81.67%, respectively, at 90% specificity for head. The error thresholds for both the groups were same, i.e., 0.098, indicating that 90% of the observations had errors less than the threshold. The corresponding P/V ratio cutoff for males and females was 0.43 and 0.42, respectively.
Conclusion Radiologists and clinicians can refer a cutoff value of 0.4 for each region, along with hypoechogenicity, to decide about enlargement of the pancreas in acute pancreatitis condition.
Development of non-equiatomic Bio-HEAs based on TiZrNbTa-(Mo and Mn)
Authors: Torrento Jhuliene Elen , Sousa Tiago dos Santos Pereira de , Cristino da Cruz Nilson , Santos de Almeida Gerson , Zambuzzi Willian Fernando , Grandini Carlos Roberto , Nespeque Correa Diego Rafael 
Published: August 2022

This study produced non-equiatomic TiNbZrTaMn and TiNbZrTaMo high entropy alloy (HEAs) by argon arc-melting and heat-treated for microstructural homogenization. The phase composition, microstructure, and selected mechanical properties were measured and compared with theoretical predictions. Additionally, electrochemical and cytotoxicity tests evaluated their potential applicability for use as biomaterials. X-ray diffraction measurements patterns showed a single BCC phase for the TiNbZrTaMn and a secondary HCP phase for the TiNbZrTaMo sample. The microstructural analysis revealed the formation of irregular grain boundaries and some lamellae formation, with chemical segregation of the alloying elements at the sub-micro-scale. The samples exhibited elastic modulus (80–110 GPa) closer to CP-Ti grade 2 (100 GPa) and higher Vickers microhardness (450–550 HV) than Ti–6Al–4V alloy (400 HV). The electrochemical and biological tests indicated a superior corrosion resistance against 0.9% NaCl solution compared with commercial metallic biomaterials, with proper cell adhesion and viability of pre-osteoblastic cells and hydrophilic behavior. Altogether, the data indicate that TiNbZrTaMn depicts better applicability potential for being used as a biomaterial in biomedical applications than some commercial materials (SS 316L, CP-Ti grade 2, and Ti–6Al–4V), mainly considering load-bearing orthopedical implants.
Representational gestures correlated with meaning-associated aspects of L2 speech performance
Authors: Ma Sai , Jin Guangsa , Barlow Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGesture and speech are closely associated channels involved in conveying meaning. Previous studies have reported the relationship between gesture use and speech performance for highly proficient speakers. This study extends the investigation of this relationship by correlating the representational gesture rate and complexity, accuracy, and fluency measures for L2 speech produced by lower-intermediate-level EFL learners with Chinese as their L1. Three speech tasks were adopted with two activating concrete concepts and one abstract concepts. The results showed that the representational gesture rate was correlated with meaning-associated but not form-associated speech measures for L2 learners, and that the task type did not influence the relationship between gesture and speech. This study suggests that representational gesture use has a close relationship with meaning-related speech measures for lower proficiency L2 speakers when they talk about both concrete and abstract concepts.
Does relativistic cosmology software handle emergent volume evolution?
Authors: Borkowska Justyna , Roukema Boudewijn F 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Several software packages for relativistic cosmological simulations that do not fully implement the Einstein equation have recently been developed. Two of the free-licensed ones are inhomog and gevolution. A key question is whether globally emergent volume evolution that is faster than that of a Friedmannian reference model results from the averaged effects of structure formation. Checking that emergent volume evolution is correctly modelled by the packages is thus needed. We numerically replace the software’s default random realisation of initial seed fluctuations by a fluctuation of spatially constant amplitude in a simulation’s initial conditions. The average volume evolution of the perturbed model should follow that of a Friedmannian expansion history that corresponds to the original Friedmannian reference solution modified by the insertion of the spatially constant perturbation. We derive the equations that convert from the perturbed reference solution to the effective solution. We find that inhomog allows emergent volume evolution correctly at first order through to the current epoch. For initial conditions with a resolution of N = 1283 particles and an initial non-zero extrinsic curvature invariant I
i
= 0.001, inhomog matches an exact Friedmannian solution to −0.0058% (Einstein–de Sitter, EdS) or −0.0033% (ΛCDM). We find that gevolution models the decaying mode to fair accuracy, and excludes the growing mode by construction. For N = 1283 and an initial scalar potential Φ = 0.001, gevolution is accurate for the decaying mode to 0.012% (EdS) or 0.013% (ΛCDM). We conclude that this special case of an exact non-linear solution for a perturbed Friedmannian model provides a robust calibration for relativistic cosmological simulations.
Plasma-enabled microwave modulation for continuous beam scanning
Authors: Ye Xin , Wang Yongge , Yao Jingfeng , Yuan Chengxun , Zhou Zhongxiang , Astafiev Aleksandr M , Kudryavtsev Anatoly A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The continuous beam scanning capability is a key characteristic of the reconfigurable antenna in wireless communication. In this work, we theoretically imply that the plasma columns are capable of smoothly manipulating the transmission of the electromagnetic waves. And then we propose a plasma-based microwave modulation method for obtaining a high precision beam scanning over 360∘ on the azimuthal plane by tailoring the operating currents in 22-tube plasma window antenna system. Through this simple current modulation approach, a continuous beam scanning is achieved at the reconfiguration time of 0.6 ms without any detriment to the lobe shape.
Spin excitation spectrum of biskyrmion in a confined nanodot
Authors: Yuan Yingyue , Zeng Zhaozhuo , Wang Jianing , Ma Yunxu , Zhang Senfu , Wei Jinwu , Wang Jianbo , Liu Qingfang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A biskyrmion, which consist of two stable Bloch skyrmions with opposite magnetic helicities has been observed in several centrosymmetric ferromagnets such as layered perovskite manganites and MnNiGa. Here, the spin excitation modes of biskyrmion in a confined nanodot were investigated by using micromagnetic simulations. An oscillation mode at the lower frequency and two mixed modes of breathing and rotation at higher frequencies are observed. In addition, the frequencies for mixed modes exhibit remarkable dependence on the change of magnetization profile. However, the in-plane orientation of biskyrmion does not shift the excitation frequencies corresponding to all eigenmodes. Our result indicates novel excitation modes which enrich the theory of eigenmodes for spin textures and offers a direct mean of detecting and characterizing biskyrmion in experiment.
Fabrication and simulation study for vertical micro-TEGs based on printed circuit board manufacturing processes
Authors: Sherkat Negin , Kattiparambil Sivaprasad Athira , Pelz Uwe , Woias Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The development of fabrication procedures for micro-thermoelectric generators (µTEGs) based on low-cost fabrication technologies, appropriate for mass production is discussed and demonstrated in this study. Simulations were carried out, two manufacturing processes were tested, and device performance is compared to simulation results for vertical µTEGs. The substrate for this device is a printed circuit board, and the thermoelectric materials are self-developed Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (p-type) and Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 (n-type) pastes. A square µTEG (15 mm × 15 mm × 500 µm) with eight thermocouples (TCs) was fabricated. The characterization of the fabricated 8-TC-µTEG was carried out and a power output of 1.23 µW was obtained for the fabricated 8-TC-µTEG. The measurement results of this 8-TC-µTEG closely match simulation results as well. Moreover, a novel vertical electrical contact resistance measurement setup is designed and implemented into the final evaluation of µTEG production to have a more accurate assessment. The simulation study is also applied for the designed electrical contact resistance measurement setup. As a result, the contact resistivity of Bi2Te3/Cu was calculated as 5.65 × 10−4 Ωcm2.
Generation of tripartite squeezed state by cascaded four-wave mixing in single hot rubidium atomic system
Authors: Li Changbiao , Li Yufeng , Li Wei , Li Kangkang , Liu Yuliang , Cai Yin , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We report the quantum correlated triple beams via cascaded four-wave mixing (CFWM) amplified in single hot atomic vapor. Experimentally, we show that strong quantum correlation of three light beams, among them any two’s quantum correlation is characterized by the maximum value of intensity-difference squeezing (IDS) about −7.8 ± 0.3 dB. We found there is IDS between two idler beams, because two pairs of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen injections potentially exist in our system. Besides, CFWM can emit three-mode beams at three different frequencies, in which these beams can be well separated in the spatial domain. Moreover, much difference with other methods, the injecting probe field can manipulate the gain and IDS of output three-mode light beams, which is resulting from competition relationship between cascaded two four-wave mixing processes. More interestingly, Autler–Townes splitting of gain peaks of output signals due to dressing effect of pumping fields, will lead to the evolution of measured two- and three-mode IDS from single-mode to multi-mode at frequency domain. This result will provide a multimode quantum resource which can potentially realize multimode entanglement and quantum networks.