bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of Na,K‐ATPaseβ‐subunits inOncopeltus fasciatusinduces molting problems and alterations in tracheal morphology
Authors: Herbertz Marlena , Lohr Jennifer , Lohr Christian , Dobler Susanne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ubiquitously expressed transmembrane enzyme Na,K‐ATPase (NKA) is vital in maintaining functionality of cells. The association ofα‐ andβ‐subunits is believed to be essential for forming a functional enzyme. In the large milkweed bugOncopeltus fasciatusfourα1‐paralogs and fourβ‐subunits exist that can associate into NKA complexes. This diversity raises the question of possible tissue‐specific distribution and function. While theα1‐subunits are known to modulate cardenolide‐resistance and ion‐transport efficiency, the functional importance of theβ‐subunits needed further investigation. We here characterize all four differentβ‐subunits at the cellular, tissue, and whole organismal scales. A knockdown of differentβ‐subunits heavily interferes with molting success resulting in strongly hampered phenotypes. The failure of ecdysis might be related to disrupted septate junction (SJ) formation, also reflected inβ2‐suppression‐induced alteration in tracheal morphology. Our data further suggest the existence of isolatedβ‐subunits forming homomeric orβ‐heteromeric complexes. This possible standalone and structure‐specific distribution of theβ‐subunits predicts further, yet unknown pump‐independent functions. The different effects caused byβknockdowns highlight the importance of the variousβ‐subunits to fulfill tissue‐specific requirements.
Deodorization of sunflower oil by high voltage electric field as a nonthermal method sunflower oil refining by electric field
Authors: Tavakoli Atefeh , Sahari Mohammad Ali , Barzegar Mohsen , Ahmadi Gavlighi Hassan , Marzocchi Silvia , Marziali Sara , Caboni Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, the high voltage electric field (HVEF) method was used for deodorization of sunflower oil to omit drawbacks of an established industrial method including long time, high energy, chemicals and water consumption, loss of bioactive compounds, and formation of some contaminants due to exposure to heat. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to find the optimal values of processing parameters. The effects of voltage (5–15 kV), clay (0–1%), electrolyte concentration (0–50 mM), the number of electrodes (1–5 pairs), and electrodes distance (1–3 cm) on the volatile compounds and tocopherols content were investigated by HS–SPME‐GC/MS and HPLC, respectively. The optimal processing conditions were determined to be a voltage of 5 kV, a distance of 1 cm between the electrodes and a number of five pairs of electrodes. The amount of bleaching clay and electrolyte concentration were zero under optimal conditions. The refining process by HVEF removed 32.33% of the volatile compounds from crude sunflower oil, while the industrial refining process reduced the volatile compounds by only 17.78%. Results indicated no change was observed in the tocopherols content of refined sunflower oil by HVEF method. Based on PCA results, HVEF‐treated sample not only contained the lowest concentration of volatile compounds but also was the most similar to crude sample in terms of volatile compounds composition.Practical ApplicationThe oil refining process consists of four main stages, the last of which is deodorization. This step involves injecting steam at a temperature of about 240°C, under vacuum for about 50 min. High voltage electric field (HVEF) was able to reduce the number of volatile compounds, while no change was made in the tocopherol content of sunflower oil samples. It also does not form contaminant such as 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol fatty acid esters and glycidyl fatty acid esters. There is no need to apply the vacuum in HVEF refining, which reduces the production cost and makes the process flow straightforward as well as rapid. This research helps to propagate green refining procedures of vegetable oils in food plants.
miR‐92a‐3p promotes breast cancer proliferation by regulating the KLF2/BIRC5 axis
Authors: Yu Zhi‐Hao , Chen Zhao‐Hui , Zhou Guang‐Lei , Zhou Xue‐Jie , Ma Hai‐Yan , Yu Yue , Wang Xin , Cao Xu‐Chen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer remains the most common malignancy in females around the world. Recently, a growing number of studies have focused on gene dysregulation. In our previous study, Krüppel‐like factors (KLFs) were found to play essential roles in breast cancer development, among which KLF2 could function as a tumor suppressor. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.MethodsmiR‐92a‐3p was identified as the upstream regulator of KLF2 by starBase v.3.0. The regulation of KLF2 by miR‐92a‐3p was verified by a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Further exploration revealed that Baculoviral IAP Repeat Containing 5 (BIRC5) was the target of KLF2. ChIP assay, dual‐luciferase reporter analysis, quantitative real‐time PCR, and western blot were performed for verification.ResultsmiR‐92a‐3p functioned as a tumor promoter by inhibiting KLF2 by binding to its 3'‐untranslated region (3'‐UTR). In addition, KLF2 could transcriptionally suppress the expression of BIRC5.ConclusionCollectively, our results uncovered the miR‐92a‐3p/KLF2/BIRC5 axis in breast cancer and provided a potential mechanism for breast cancer development, which may serve as promising strategies for breast cancer therapy.
Increased identification of cannabis use among drivers involved in motor vehicle collisions using an expanded cannabis inventory
Authors: Choo Esther , Trent Stacy A. , Nishijima Daniel K. , Audett Ariane , Hendrickson Robert G. , Eichelberger Angela , Brasel Karen J. , Ye Yu , Cherpitel Cheryl J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to implement and examine the potential capture rate of a novel instrument, the Expanded Cannabis Inventory, in a population of emergency department (ED) patients presenting after motor vehicle collisions (MVC).MethodsStudy participants who presented to the ED after MVC were recruited from three hospitals in cannabis‐legal states (Denver, CO; Portland, OR; and Sacramento, CA). Research assistants (RAs) administered the Expanded Cannabis Inventory, which includes a wide variety of products that have become readily available in states where cannabis is legal, in addition to assessments related to patient demographic characteristics, general health, cannabis attitudes, and dependency measures. RAs also obtained blood samples for delta‐9‐THC and metabolites.ResultsAmong 692 participants who provided responses to questions about cannabis use, 292 (42%) reported past‐year use. Seventy‐eight (27%) of those identified as using cannabis were only captured due to items in the expanded instrument. These patients were more likely to be White and were more likely to perceive daily use to be of high risk. Fewer had Cannabis Use Disorder Inventory Test (CUDIT) scores consistent with hazardous cannabis use. However, more of the patients only captured by the expanded instrument had high measured blood levels of delta‐9‐THC on samples obtained in the ED.ConclusionsChanging cannabis use patterns must be reflected in our measurements for clinical practice, research, and surveillance. Instruments that are the current standard in clinical practice capture limited data and may no longer perform well enough to identify a complete cohort or to provide insight into the health behaviors of patients.
Ophthalmic imaging in diabetic retinopathy: A review
Authors: Nanegrungsunk Onnisa , Patikulsila Direk , Sadda Srinivas R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRetinal imaging has been a key tool in the diagnosis, evaluation, management and documentation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular oedema (DMO) for many decades. Imaging technologies have rapidly evolved over the last few decades, yielding images with higher resolution and contrast with less time, effort and invasiveness. While many retinal imaging technologies provide detailed insight into retinal structure such as colour reflectance photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT), others such as fluorescein or OCT angiography and oximetry provide dynamic and functional information. Many other novel imaging technologies are in development and are poised to further enhance our evaluation of patients with DR.
Clinical performance of implant supported mandibular overdentures with cantilever bar and stud attachments: A retrospective study
Authors: Nejatidanesh Farahnaz , Bonakdarchian Hamidreza , Savabi Ghazal , Bonakdarchian Morteza , Atash Ramin , Savabi Omid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundTreatment of edentulous patients with implant‐supported over‐dentures improves denture's retention and stability. Published data concerning implant‐supported overdenture with cantilever bars that claimed that can affect the survival and bone loss of implants are scarce.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate 5‐year clinical performance of mandibular implant‐supported over‐dentures with different attachment systems.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, 103 patients who had received mandibular over‐dentures supported by two implants were evaluated in a 5‐year follow up. Studied groups were patients with Spherblock ball attachment (58 patients), Dolder bar with cantilever (36 patients), and Locator attachment (9 patients). Marginal bone‐loss around implants, prosthetic complications, soft tissue status of the implants (gingival index, plaque index, pocket depth, and bleeding on probing) were used to compare studied groups. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) criteria was used to assay patient's satisfaction. One‐way ANOVA, Scheffe, Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney, and Fisher's exact tests, were used for the data analysis (α = 0.05).ResultsOne hundred and three patients (46 male, 57 female, mean age 64.7 ± 8.6) with 206 implants (Strauman) were studied. The implant survival rate was 100% with mean bone loss of 0.22 mm around implants in 5 years. Prosthetic complications including attachment wear and denture fracture occurred more often with ball attachments. The number of attachment replacement, and post insertion appointments were significantly less in patients with bar attachments (p < 0.05). Pocket depth and gingival index were less in the ball attachment (p < 0.05).ConclusionMandibular overdenture supported by two implants can be considered a successful treatment in edentulous patients. The frequency of prosthetic complication is higher in unsplinted than splinted superstructures.
Best practices for collaborative conservation philanthropy
Authors: Sanderson John , Alper Richard , Barrack Jordana , Byrd Caroline , Glenn Erik , Jespersen Kristen , Kimple Aaron , Knight Heather , Konrad Peter , Kowalski Ted , Nezzie Dave , Ortez Kristina , Robles Chas , Ruth Toni , Smith David , Steele Nancy , Stevens Tim , Wagner Gerald , Archibald Jessica 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCollaborative conservation brings diverse stakeholders together to sustain healthy landscapes and strengthen communities. Organizations fostering collaborative conservation depend on philanthropy to advance collaborative conservation, while philanthropic organizations depend on these organizations to advance their missions. Both face challenges engaging with each other as they work toward shared goals, yet open dialogue about how funders and practitioners work together is rare. The authors of this paper represent equal numbers of funders and practitioners who, together, identified eight best practices that are practical, effective actions funders and practitioners can take to better achieve shared conservation goals. These eight best practices are: (1) collaborate, (2) nurture relationships, (3) invest in capacity, (4) plan well, implement well, (5) engage diversity, (6) support entrepreneurial spirit, (7) reduce burdens, and (8) tell our story. By centering around collaboration, relationships, and diversity, these best practices exemplify several growing and valuable trends in philanthropy that support collaborative conservation.
Bottom‐up advocacy strategies to abortion access during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Lessons learned towards reproductive justice in Brazil
Authors: Paro Helena Borges Martins da Silva , Catani Renata Rodrigues , Cordeiro Freire Rafaela , Rondon Gabriela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Brazil, abortion is only allowed in cases of rape, serious risk to a woman's life or fetal anecephaly. Legal abortion services cover less than 4% of the Brazilian territory and only 1,800 procedures are performed, in average, per year. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, almost half of the already few Brazilian abortion clinics shut down and women had to travel even longer distances, reaching abortion services at later gestational ages. In this paper, we describe three bottom‐up advocacy strategies that emerged from difficulties deepened during the COVID‐19 pandemic at a single abortion service in Brazil, amidst anti‐gender policies from the federal government. Telemedicine abortion, outpatient surgical abortion and the provision of abortion after 20 weeks' gestation are important strategies that may reduce inequalities that impact the most vulnerable populations, such as black and indigenous women, children, adolescents and women experiencing domestic violence.
Strategic default, multiple installments, and the role of informal moneylender in microcredit contract
Authors: Islam Khan Jahirul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractI model the role of strategic defaults and informal moneylenders on multiple‐installment loan contracts offered by microfinance institutions (MFIs). The results show that a single‐installment loan is not viable due to MFIs' vulnerability to strategic defaults and borrowers' lack of collateral. In contrast, a multiple‐installment contract requires borrowers to borrow from the moneylender, who is immune to strategic default, in order to repay the MFI's early installments that are due before the project yields a return. Consequently, both default costs and borrowing costs increase and incentives to commit strategic default decline, making the multiple‐installment contract profitable for MFIs.
Preselection in the digital age: A comparison of perceptions of asynchronous video interviews with online tests and online application documents in a simulation context
Authors: Basch Johannes M. , Melchers Klaus G. , Büttner Julia C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAsynchronous video interviews (AVIs) are increasingly used to preselect applicants. Previous research found that interviewees are more skeptical of these interviews compared to other forms of interviews. However, comparing AVIs to other interviews is not completely appropriate because of their lack of interactivity and their use during earlier stages of the selection process. Therefore, we compared perceptions of AVIs with perceptions of other preselection tools (online cognitive ability tests and online application documents). Compared to other preselection instruments, potential applicants do not have more skeptical fairness perceptions of AVIs. However, we found differences for perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, privacy concerns, and perceptions of organizational attractiveness. Organizations can take this into account when choosing how to preselect their applicants.
Identification of neoantigens in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Nicholas Ben , Bailey Alistair , McCann Katy J. , Wood Oliver , Walker Robert C. , Parker Robert , Ternette Nicola , Elliott Tim , Underwood Tim J. , Johnson Peter , Skipp Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) has a relatively poor long‐term survival and limited treatment options. Promising targets for immunotherapy are short peptide neoantigens containing tumour mutations, presented to cytotoxic T‐cells by human leucocyte antigen (HLA) molecules. Despite an association between putative neoantigen abundance and therapeutic response across cancers, immunogenic neoantigens are challenging to identify. Here we characterized the mutational and immunopeptidomic landscapes of tumours from a cohort of seven patients with OAC. We directly identified one HLA‐I presented neoantigen from one patient, and report functional T‐cell responses from a predicted HLA‐II neoantigen in a second patient. The predicted class II neoantigen contains both HLA I and II binding motifs. Our exploratory observations are consistent with previous neoantigen studies in finding that neoantigens are rarely directly observed, and an identification success rate following prediction in the order of 10%. However, our identified putative neoantigen is capable of eliciting strong T‐cell responses, emphasizing the need for improved strategies for neoantigen identification.
Antiviral strategies: What can we learn from natural reservoirs?
Authors: Pan Wenbo , Li Weiwei , Liu Lijing , Zhang Huawei 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYViruses cause many severe diseases in both plants and animals, urging us to explore new antiviral strategies. In their natural reservoirs, viruses live and replicate while causing mild or no symptoms. Some animals, such as bats, are the predicted natural reservoir of multiple viruses, indicating that they possess broad‐spectrum antiviral capabilities. Mechanisms of host defenses against viruses are generally studied independently in plants and animals. In this article, we speculate that some antiviral strategies of natural reservoirs are conserved between kingdoms. To verify this hypothesis, we created null mutants of 10‐formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (AtTHFS), an Arabidopsis thaliana homologue of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, cyclohydrolase and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase 1 (MTHFD1), which encodes a positive regulator of viral replication in bats. We found that disruption of AtTHFS enhanced plant resistance to three different types of plant viruses, including the tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and the beet severe curly top virus (BSCTV). These results demonstrate a novel antiviral strategy for plant breeding. We further discuss the approaches used to identify and study natural reservoirs of plant viruses, especially those hosting many viruses, and highlight the possibility of discovering new antiviral strategies from them for plant molecular breeding and antiviral therapy.
Shedding Some (More) Light in Bourdieu's Habitus and Doxa: A Socio‐Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Vakalopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I attempt to shed more light in Bourdieu's habitus and doxa, by drawing on phenomenological and Bourdieusian‐based literature, social theory and some findings from sociological research. Despite the fact that there is a vast work concerning the examination of these two concepts, there are still some misunderstandings about them. For that reason, I have tried to draw a clearer picture of habitus, by linking it with phenomenological “being‐in‐the‐world” and describing its elements. As for doxa, I discuss its conceptual relation with habitus and phenomenology's natural attitude. Also, attention is given to some aspects of both habitus and doxa, which have not addressed in detailed fashion yet, but they are nevertheless theoretically useful for empirical qualitative research.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in malignancies after liver transplantation: A systematic review and pooled analysis
Authors: Kayali Stefano , Pasta Andrea , Plaz Torres Maria Corina , Jaffe Ariel , Strazzabosco Mario , Marenco Simona , Giannini Edoardo G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsTreatment of de novo malignancies and recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in liver transplant recipients (LT) is an attractive strategy that is infrequently pursued because of the lack of strong evidence regarding their safety and efficacy. In this systematic review with pooled analysis, we aimed to assess safety and efficacy of ICI therapy following LT.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of case reports and series published until January 2022. We included 31 publications reporting a total of 52 patients treated with ICIs after LT and assessed in a pooled analysis the risk of graft rejection and the outcome of ICI therapy.ResultsAcute graft rejection occurred in 15 patients (28.8%) and 7 patients (13.4% of the total cohort) died because of graft loss. Rejection was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (17.2 months, confidence interval [CI] 12.1–22.2 vs. 3.5 months, CI 1.6–5.4, p < 0.001). Disease control rate was 44.2% (n = 23), and in these patients, OS was longer than in non‐responders (26.4 months, CI 20.8–32.0 vs. 3.4 months, CI 2.1–4.7, p < 0.001).ConclusionsObservational, off‐label experience suggests that treatment with ICI for advanced malignancies in LT recipients might not be discarded a priori. This notwithstanding, ICI treatment in these patients is associated with a substantial risk of graft rejection and mortality. Prospective studies are needed to provide adequate safety and efficacy figures of ICI treatment in this fragile population.
Clinical significance of small bowel manometry patterns suggestive of intestinal obstruction
Authors: Alcalá‐González Luis G. , Malagelada Carolina , Monrroy Hugo , Mego Marianela , Accarino Anna , Malagelada Juan‐Ramon , Azpiroz Fernando 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionMinute rhythm and prolonged simultaneous contractions are patterns of postprandial small bowel contractile activity that historically have been considered as suggestive of mechanical intestinal obstruction; however, these patterns have been also encountered in patients with motility‐like symptoms in the absence of bowel obstruction. The objective of this study was to determine the current diagnostic outcome of patients with these intestinal manometry patterns.MethodsRetrospective study of patients with chronic digestive symptoms evaluated by intestinal manometry at our center between 2010 and 2018.ResultsThe minute rhythm (MRP) or prolonged simultaneous contractions (PSC) postprandial patterns were detected in 61 of 488 patients (55 MRP and 6 PSC). Clinical work‐up detected a previously non‐diagnosed partial mechanical obstruction of the distal intestine in 10 (16%) and a systemic disorder causing intestinal neuropathy in 32 (53%). In the remaining 19 patients (31%, all with MRP), the origin of the contractile pattern was undetermined, but in 16, substantial fecal retention was detected within 7 days of the manometric procedure by abdominal imaging, and in 6 of them colonic cleansing completely normalized intestinal motility on a second manometry performed within 39 ± 30 days.Conclusion and InferenceCurrently, the most frequent origin of MRP and PSC encountered on small bowel manometry is intestinal neuropathy, while a previously undetected mechanical obstruction is rare. Still, in a substantial proportion of patients, no underlying disease can be identified, and in them, colonic fecal retention might play a role, because in a subgroup of these patients, manometry normalized after colonic cleansing. Hence, colonic preparation may be considered prior to intestinal manometry.
Grounding and defining identity
Authors: Litland Jon Erling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractI systematically defend a novel account of the grounds for identity and distinctness facts: they are all uniquely zero‐grounded. First, this Null Account is shown to avoid a range of problems facing other accounts: a relation satisfying the Null Account would be an excellent candidate for being the identity relation. Second, a plenitudinist view of relations suggests that there is such a relation. To flesh out this plenitudinist view I sketch a novel framework for expressing real definitions, use this framework to give a definition of identity, and show how the central features of the identity relation can be deduced from this definition.