bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing sleep‐related attitudes with the implicit association test: A prospective study in young adults
Authors: Peuters Carmen , Cummins Jamie , Vandendriessche Ann , DeSmet Ann , Crombez Geert 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe measurement of automatic attitudes towards sleep, in addition to reflective self‐reports, might improve our ability to predict and explain sleep‐hindering practices. Two types of implicit association tests (IATs), a sleep‐related evaluations IAT and a sleep‐related self‐identity IAT, were developed to evaluate their efficacy for assessing automatic sleep‐related attitudes. In addition, a speeded self‐report measure of sleep evaluations was explored as a means to assess automatic sleep‐related attitudes. The study included 136 young adults (age = 21.70 ± 2.22, 43% female). At baseline, the two IATs, the speeded self‐report, and standard self‐reports of sleep determinants (reflective attitudes, self‐efficacy, intention and action planning for sleep‐promoting behaviour), sleep hygiene practices, sleep quality, and sleep duration were assessed. All variables except for the sleep determinants were assessed again at 2‐week follow‐up. The results demonstrated good reliability of the two IAT versions, but both IATs were unrelated to the speeded self‐report, the sleep determinants, sleep practices, sleep quality or sleep duration. The speeded self‐report correlated significantly with the standard self‐reports of sleep determinants. Baseline scores on the IATs or speeded self‐report did not predict sleep hygiene practices, sleep duration or sleep quality at follow‐up. The findings indicate that sleep‐related IATs might not be suited to assess automatic sleep‐related attitudes. Further investigation is needed to determine whether speeded self‐reports are valid measures of automatic attitudes. Moreover, more empirical research is required to clarify the role of automatic processes for sleep hygiene behaviours.
Management of supragastric belching
Authors: Velosa Monica , Sergeev Ilia , Sifrim Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncreased SGB is currently more often recognized not only in patients with belching as a main symptom, but also in patients with reflux like symptoms that are refractory to PPI treatment or patients with reflux hypersensitivity. Detection of increased SGB during analysis of impedance‐pHmetry can help to better understand the pathophysiology of symptoms in individual patients and to provide more focused and specific treatment. At the moment, the most efficient treatments for increased SGB are CBT and Speech therapies, pharmacological treatment being less effective and prone to mild secondary effects.In this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Punkinnen et al demonstrate, in controlled clinical trial, that behavioral therapy was superior to follow‐up without intervention in patients with SGB. We present a critical review of the different treatment modalities currently available for patients with pathological SGB.
Thiophanate‐methyl and carbendazim resistance in Fusicoccum amygdali, the causal agent of constriction canker of peach and almond
Authors: Fontaine Séverine , Caddoux Laëtitia , Remuson Florent , Barrès Benoit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn light of growing environmental concerns, surveys of fungicide resistance are needed to ensure efficient control of fungi and avoid unnecessary treatments. Investigations of fungicide resistance in Fusicoccum amygdali are scarce despite the economic impacts of this pathogen in peach and almond orchards. Thiophanate‐methyl has been registered for more than 20 years to control F. amygdali but no resistance has been reported to date. This propesticide is metabolized by fungi into carbendazim, a β‐tubulin inhibitor. Sensitivity to carbendazim of nine populations of F. amygdali from French orchards was assessed using germination bioassays. Also, resistance levels of 63 strains isolated from four populations were evaluated using mycelial growth assays. The underlying mechanism of resistance was investigated by sequencing the β‐tubulin gene, the molecular target of thiophanate‐methyl, in a set of isolates with different levels of sensitivity to carbendazim. Cross‐resistance to thiophanate‐methyl and to another β‐tubulin inhibitor, diethofencarb, was also assessed in carbendazim‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains. Isolates highly resistant to carbendazim were found in one of the nine orchards studied. Sequencing showed that resistant phenotypes carry a mutation in the β‐tubulin gene leading to E198K substitution. Positive cross‐resistance to thiophanate‐methyl was confirmed and no negative cross‐resistance to diethofencarb was identified in the phenotyped isolates, which were all resistant to this active substance. To our knowledge, this is the first report of resistance to thiophanate‐methyl in F. amygdali. The high level of resistance of isolates sampled in one population is of concern, although the limited geographical scope of resistance suggests its recent emergence.
The impact of the COVID‐19 outbreak on activation of the massive transfusion protocol in the emergency department
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Xin , Lin Pei‐Chin , Chang Chih‐Chun , Tsai Huang‐Wen ,   The Transfusion Committee, Sun Jen‐Tang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAn outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) occurred in mid‐May of 2021 in Taiwan. After 2 months of hard work, transmissions were successfully prevented and the number of newly confirmed COVID‐19 cases fell remarkably. We evaluated the impact of this outbreak on the massive transfusion protocol (MTP) in the emergency department (ED) of a trauma centre.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively compared the activation and efficacy of MTP before, during and after the outbreak by analysing the clinical data relevant to MTP activations.ResultsThere was no remarkable change in the average number of MTP triggers per month during the outbreak. The interval from an MTP trigger to the first unit of blood transfused at bedside was significantly increased during the outbreak compared to that before the outbreak (22.4 min vs. 13.9 min, p < 0.001); while the 24‐h survival rate decreased (57.1% vs. 71.1%, p = 0.938). There were no remarkable changes in blood unit return or wastage during the outbreak.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 outbreak limitedly affected MTP activation and waste of blood products, but significantly increased the interval from an MTP trigger to the first unit of blood transfused at bedside.
Magma recharge patterns control eruption styles and magnitudes at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico)
Authors: Mangler Martin F. , Petrone Chiara Maria , Prytulak Julie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diffusion chronometry has produced petrological evidence that magma recharge in mafic to intermediate systems can trigger volcanic eruptions within weeks to months. However, less is known about longer-term recharge frequencies and durations priming magma reservoirs for eruptions. We use Fe-Mg diffusion modeling in orthopyroxene to show that the duration, frequency, and timing of pre-eruptive recharge at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico) vary systematically with eruption style and magnitude. Effusive eruptions are preceded by 9–13 yr of increased recharge activity, compared to 15–100 yr for explosive eruptions. Explosive eruptions also record a higher number of individual recharge episodes priming the plumbing system. The largest explosive eruptions are further distinguished by an ~1 yr recharge hiatus directly prior to eruption. Our results offer valuable context for the interpretation of ongoing activity at Popocatépetl, and seeking similar correlations at other arc volcanoes may advance eruption forecasting by including constraints on potential eruption size and style.
TIM-3 blockade enhances IL-12-dependent antitumor immunity by promoting CD8+T cell and XCR1+dendritic cell spatial co-localization
Authors: Gardner Alycia , de Mingo Pulido Álvaro , Hänggi Kay , Bazargan Sarah , Onimus Alexis , Kasprzak Agnieszka , Conejo-Garcia Jose R , Rejniak Katarzyna A , Ruffell Brian 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundT cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing−3 (TIM-3) blocking antibodies are currently being evaluated in clinical trials for solid and hematological malignancies. Despite its identification on T cells, TIM-3 is predominantly expressed by myeloid cells, including XCR1+type I conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s). We have recently shown that TIM-3 blockade promotes expression of CXCR3 chemokine ligands by tumor cDCs, but how this drives a CD8+T cell-dependent response to therapy is unclear.MethodsT cell infiltration, effector function, and spatial localization in relation to XCR1+cDC1s were evaluated in a murine orthotopic mammary carcinoma model during response to TIM-3 blockade and paclitaxel chemotherapy. Mixed bone marrow chimeras and diphtheria toxin depletion were used to determine the role of specific genes in cDC1s during therapeutic responses.ResultsTIM-3 blockade increased interferon-γ expression by CD8+T cells without altering immune infiltration. cDC1 expression of CXCL9, but not CXCL10, was required for response to TIM-3 blockade. CXCL9 was also necessary for the increased proximity observed between CD8+T cells and XCR1+cDC1s during therapy. Tumor responses were dependent on cDC1 expression of interleukin-12, but not MHCI.ConclusionsTIM-3 blockade increases exposure of intratumoral CD8+T cells to cDC1-derived cytokines, with implications for the design of therapeutic strategies using antibodies against TIM-3.
Risk prediction in patients with low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis and reduced ejection fraction undergoing TAVI
Authors: Ludwig Sebastian , Goßling Alina , Seiffert Moritz , Westermann Dirk , Sinning Jan-Malte , Sugiura Atsushi , Adam Matti , Mauri Victor , Frank Derk , Seoudy Hatim , Rudolph Tanja , Potratz Max , Conradi Lenard , Schofer Niklas 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivePatients with low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis (LFLG AS) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are known to suffer from poor prognosis after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). This study aimed to develop a simple score system for risk prediction in this vulnerable subset of patients.MethodsAll patients with LFLG AS with reduced EF and sufficient CT data for aortic valve calcification (AVC) quantification, who underwent TAVI at five German centres, were retrospectively included. The Risk prEdiction in patients with Low Ejection Fraction low gradient aortic stenosis undergoing TAVI (RELiEF TAVI) score was developed based on multivariable Cox regression for all-cause mortality.ResultsAmong all included patients (n=718), RELiEF TAVI score variables were defined as independent predictors of mortality: male sex (HR 1.34 (1.06, 1.68), p=0.013), underweight (HR 3.10 (1.50, 6.40), p=0.0022), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (HR 1.55 (1.21, 1.99), p=0.001), pulmonary hypertension (HR 1.51 (1.17, 1.94), p=0.0015), atrial fibrillation (HR 1.28 (1.03, 1.60), p=0.028), stroke volume index (HR 0.96 (0.95, 0.98), p<0.001), non-transfemoral access (HR 1.36 (1.05, 1.76), p=0.021) and low AVC density (HR 1.44 (1.15, 1.79), p=0.0012). A score system was developed ranging from 0 to 12 points (risk of 1-year mortality: 13%–99%). Kaplan-Meier analysis for low (0–1 points), moderate (2–4 points) and high RELiEF TAVI score (>4 points) demonstrated rates of 18.0%, 29.0% and 46.1% (p<0.001) for all-cause mortality and 23.8%, 35.9% and 53.4% (p<0.001) for the combined endpoint of all-cause mortality or heart failure rehospitalisation after 1 year, respectively.ConclusionsThe RELiEF TAVI score is based on simple clinical, echocardiographic and CT parameters and might serve as a helpful tool for risk prediction in patients with LFLG AS and reduced LVEF scheduled for TAVI.
Role of synovial fibroblast subsets across synovial pathotypes in rheumatoid arthritis: a deconvolution analysis
Authors: Micheroli Raphael , Elhai Muriel , Edalat Sam , Frank-Bertoncelj Mojca , Bürki Kristina , Ciurea Adrian , MacDonald Lucy , Kurowska-Stolarska Mariola , Lewis Myles J , Goldmann Katriona , Cubuk Cankut , Kuret Tadeja , Distler Oliver , Pitzalis Costantino , Ospelt Caroline 
Published: January 2022

ObjectivesTo integrate published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and assess the contribution of synovial fibroblast (SF) subsets to synovial pathotypes and respective clinical characteristics in treatment-naïve early arthritis.MethodsIn this in silico study, we integrated scRNA-seq data from published studies with additional unpublished in-house data. Standard Seurat, Harmony and Liger workflow was performed for integration and differential gene expression analysis. We estimated single cell type proportions in bulk RNA-seq data (deconvolution) from synovial tissue from 87 treatment-naïve early arthritis patients in the Pathobiology of Early Arthritis Cohort using MuSiC. SF proportions across synovial pathotypes (fibroid, lymphoid and myeloid) and relationship of disease activity measurements across different synovial pathotypes were assessed.ResultsWe identified four SF clusters with respective marker genes: PRG4+ SF (CD55, MMP3, PRG4, THY1neg); CXCL12+ SF (CXCL12, CCL2, ADAMTS1, THY1low); POSTN+ SF (POSTN, collagen genes, THY1); CXCL14+ SF (CXCL14, C3, CD34, ASPN, THY1) that correspond to lining (PRG4+ SF) and sublining (CXCL12+ SF, POSTN+ + and CXCL14+ SF) SF subsets. CXCL12+ SF and POSTN+ + were most prominent in the fibroid while PRG4+ SF appeared highest in the myeloid pathotype. Corresponding, lining assessed by histology (assessed by Krenn-Score) was thicker in the myeloid, but also in the lymphoid pathotype + the fibroid pathotype. PRG4+ SF correlated positively with disease severity parameters in the fibroid, POSTN+ SF in the lymphoid pathotype whereas CXCL14+ SF showed negative association with disease severity in all pathotypes.ConclusionThis study shows a so far unexplored association between distinct synovial pathologies and SF subtypes defined by scRNA-seq. The knowledge of the diverse interplay of SF with immune cells will advance opportunities for tailored targeted treatments.
Distribution of spiking and bursting in Rulkov’s neuron model
Authors: Ramírez-Ávila Gonzalo Marcelo , Depickère Stéphanie , Jánosi Imre M. , Gallas Jason A. C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLarge-scale brain simulations require the investigation of large networks of realistic neuron models, usually represented by sets of differential equations. Here we report a detailed fine-scale study of the dynamical response over extended parameter ranges of a computationally inexpensive model, the two-dimensional Rulkov map, which reproduces well the spiking and spiking-bursting activity of real biological neurons. In addition, we provide evidence of the existence of nested arithmetic progressions among periodic pulsing and bursting phases of Rulkov’s neuron. We find that specific remarkably complex nested sequences of periodic neural oscillations can be expressed as simple linear combinations of pairs of certain basal periodicities. Moreover, such nested progressions are robust and can be observed abundantly in diverse control parameter planes which are described in detail. We believe such findings to add significantly to the knowledge of Rulkov neuron dynamics and to be potentially helpful in large-scale simulations of the brain and other complex neuron networks.
U-Net Modelling-Based Imaging MAP Score for Tl Stage Nephrectomy: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Sun Ruixue , Chang Ruiting , Yu Tianshu , Wang Dongxin , Jiang Lijie 
Published: January 2022

We evaluate the stability of the clinical application of the MAP scoring system based on anatomical features of renal tumour images, explore the relevance of this scoring system to the choice of surgical procedure for patients with limited renal tumours, and investigate the effectiveness of automated segmentation and reconstruction 3D models of renal tumour images based on U-net for interpretative cognitive navigation during laparoscopy Tl stage radical renal tumour cancer surgery. A total of 5 000 kidney tumour images containing manual annotations were applied to the training set, and a stable and efficient full CNN algorithm model oriented to clinical needs was constructed to regionalism and multistructure and to finely automate segmentation of kidney tumour images, output modelling information in STL format, and apply a tablet computer to intraoperatively display the Tl stage kidney tumour model for cognitive navigation. Based on a training sample of MR images from 201 patients with stage Tl renal tumour cancer, an adaptation of the classical U-net allows individual segmentation of important structures such as renal tumours and 3D visualisation to visualise the structural relationships and the extent of tumour invasion at key surgical sites. The preoperative CT and clinical data of 225 patients with limited renal tumours treated surgically at our hospital from August 2011 to August 2012 were retrospectively analysed by three imaging physicians using the MAP scoring system for the total score and the variables R (maximum diameter), E (exogenous/endogenous), N (distance from the renal sinus), A (ventral/dorsal), L (relationship along the longitudinal axis of the kidney), and h (whether in contact with the renal hilum). The score for each variable (contact with the renal hilum) was statistically compared with each other for the three observers. Patients were divided into three groups according to the total score—low, medium, and high—and according to the surgical procedure—radical and partial resection. The correlation between the total score and the score of each variable and the choice of surgical procedure was analysed. The agreement rate of the total score and the score of each variable for all three observers was over 90% (

P

≤ 0.001). The map scoring system based on the anatomical features of renal tumour imaging was well stabilized, and the scores were significantly correlated with the surgical approach.
The Effect of Broccoli Extract in Arsenic-Induced Experimental Poisoning on the Hematological, Biochemical, and Electrophoretic Parameters of the Liver and Kidney of Rats
Authors: Raeeszadeh Mahdieh , Karimi Pouria , Khademi Nadia , Mortazavi Pejman 
Published: January 2022

Heavy metals such as arsenic contribute to environmental pollution that can lead to systemic effects in various body organs. Some medicinal plants such as broccoli have been shown to reduce the harmful effects of these heavy metals. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of broccoli extract on liver and kidney toxicity, considering hematological and biochemical changes. The experimental study was performed in 28 days on 32 male Wistar rats classified into four groups: the control group (C), a group receiving 5 mg/kg oral arsenic (AS), a group receiving 300 mg/kg broccoli (B), and a group receiving arsenic and broccoli combination (AS + B). Finally, blood samples were taken to evaluate the hematological and biochemical parameters of the liver and kidney, as well as serum proteins’ concentration. Liver and kidney tissue were fixed and stained by H&E and used for histopathological diagnosis. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) in the AS group compared to other groups. However, in the B group, a significant increase in RBC and WBC was observed compared to the AS and C groups (

P

< 0.05). Moreover, RBC and WBC levels increased significantly in the AS + B group compared to the AS group (

P

= 0.046). However, in the AS group, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels increased, while total protein, albumin, and globulin decreased. This can be a result of liver and kidney damage, which was observed in the AS group. Furthermore, the increase in the concentration of albumin and globulin in the AS + B group was higher than that in the AS group. Infiltration of inflammatory cells and necrosis of the liver and kidney tissue in the pathological evaluation of the AS group were significantly higher than other groups. There was an increase in superoxide dismutases (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC); however, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was seen in the AS + B group compared to the AS group. It seems that broccoli is highly effective at reducing liver and kidney damage and improving the hematological and biochemical factors in arsenic poisoning conditions.
Hypochlorous Acid Can Be the Novel Option for the Meibomian Gland Dysfunction Dry Eye through Ultrasonic Atomization
Authors: Li Zhiyuan , Wang Haiyan , Liang Mo , Li Zhenghua , Li Yvliang , Zhou Xiaoping , Kuang Guoping 
Published: January 2022

Background. Dry eye is a multifactor disease which needs comprehensive treatments to keep the homeostasis of ocular surface. Objective. To explore the effect of hypochlorous acid on the meibomian gland dysfunction dry eye through ultrasonic atomization. Methods. We set this study of 0.01% HOCL and 0.1% hyaluronate by ultrasonic atomization. All the data was recorded at the 1st, 15th, 30th, and 55th days. The patients’ complains, the meibum analysis, conjunctive congestion, corneal staining, Schirmer’s I test, and NIBUT were recorded by K5M, the MMP-9, and IL-2 of tear by inflammation kit; the Demodex was recorded by microscopy. Results. 53 patients have joined this study. There is no statistic difference between them on OSDI (day 15:

p
=
0.061

, 30:

p
=
0.055

, 55:

p
=
0.052

); results show the

10.57
±
0.13

and

12.54
±
0.17

reduction on OSDI; the differences of both treatments are significant (

∗

∗

p
<
0.01

). Increased Schirmer’s and TBUT are

3.27
±
0.10

and

6.29
±
0.10

(

∗

∗

p
<
0.01

) or

7.32
±
1.72

s and

9.22
±
1.41

s (

∗

p
<
0.05

); the decreased conjunctive and corneal staining are

0.23
±
0.07

and

0.45
±
0.06

(

∗

∗

p
<
0.01

) or

0.42
±
0.03

and

0.37
±
0.02

(

∗

p
<
0.05

) at both groups. The differences of MMP-9 and IL-2 negative rate are significant (

Z
=
0.896

,

∗

∗

p
=
0.002
<
0.01

;

Z
=
0.659

,

∗

∗

p
=
0.001
<
0.01

); the number of Demodex mites at first is 10 or 11, while the last is 2 or 6 (

Z
=
−
4.642

,

∗

∗

p
<
0.01

;

Z
=
2.742

,

p
>
0.05

). The Demodex count between them is significant (

Z
=
−
2.310

,

∗

p
=
0.032
<
0.05

). The survival times (ST) of each stage at the HOCL are 110.75 (

108.50
±
24.50

), 95.50 (

90.25
±
14.50

), and 75.25 (

73.48
±
8.50

) min which are shorter than those of control which are 155.50 (

160.10
±
21.50

), 130.25 (

128.25
±
16.50

), and 105.75 (

102.50
±
14.50

) min (

∗

∗

p
<
0.01

). The Demodex eradication rate of HOCL is statistic significant (

∗

p

15th vs. 1st

day
=
0.028
<
0.05

;

∗
∗

p

30th vs. 1st

day
=
0.002
<
0.01

;

∗
∗

p

55th vs. 1st

day
=
0.0018
<
0.01

). Conclusions. 0.01% HOCL improves the Demodex eradication by shortening the survival time; the HOCL acts on the ocular surface by reducing the inflammation. The ultrasonic atomization helps for the drug usage.