bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Synergetic Codoping Strategy Enabling Performance Improvement of Pure‐Blue Perovskite Quantum Dots Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Pan Jiangyong , Zhao Zihan , Fang Fan , Wang Lixi , Wang Guangzhao , Liu Chengjun , Huang Qianqian , Sun Jinyi , Huang Yuling , Mao Lei , Xie Jing , Xue Ying , Chen Jing , Lei Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHighly efficient green and red perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) light‐emitting diodes (PeQDLEDs) have been achieved. However, blue PeQDLEDs, especially those with the relatively short wavelengths (<470 nm) meeting National Television System Committee blue standard, have struggled to match the high efficiency and stability of their red and green counterparts. The main critical problems are the low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and poor stability of PeQDs, as well as the unfavorable device structure. Herein, a strategy of codoping Mn2+ and Ni2+ in CsPb(Br1.8Cl1.2) is developed to improve the PLQY and thermal stability of PeQDs due to the defect passivation and enhanced formation energy. Meanwhile, the valence band position of PeQDs is elevated to reduce the hole injection barrier benefitting from the synergetic codoping strategy. As a result, the PeQDLEDs based on codoped PeQDs exhibit the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.31% with the emission peak located at 469 nm, and lifetime exceeding 8 min. The work provides a new avenue to achieve efficient and stable pure blue PeQDLEDs.
Development of Prismatic Cells for Rechargeable Seawater Batteries
Authors: Kim Youngjin , Shin Kwangho , Jung Youngjae , Lee Wang‐Geun , Kim Youngsik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRechargeable seawater batteries (SWBs) using seawater as a catholyte have attracted extensive attention owing to the ocean's high theoretical energy density (3051 Wh L‐1, 3145 Wh kg‐1) and excellent thermal management. However, despite many improvements in materials and cell designs used in SWBs so far, there is a limit on the energy density in practical use, because of the lack of optimization of the cell structure. Herein, this work introduces a novel design by applying a rigid frame with an extended space called “prismatic‐type.” Consequently, an energy density of 23 Wh (242 Wh L‐1) is obtained by increasing the specific area of the unit cell and the capability of the anode active materials in the internal space. In addition, it enables the design of a discrete type that can improve the power density by increasing the surface area of the cathode current collectors. With the increased surface area, a peak power of 1162 mW is achieved for the discrete type compared to 727 mW for the integral type. These results suggest that these newly designed prismatic SWBs could contribute to practical applications in the near future.
Vertical Heterostructures between Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides—A Theoretical Analysis of the NbS2/WSe2 Junction
Authors: Golsanamlou Zahra , Kumari Poonam , Sementa Luca , Cusati Teresa , Iannaccone Giuseppe , Fortunelli Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow‐dimensional metal‐semiconductor vertical heterostructures (VH) are promising candidates in the search of electronic devices at the extreme limits of miniaturization. Within this line of research, here a theoretical/computational study of the NbS2/WSe2 metal‐semiconductor vertical hetero‐junction using density functional theory (DFT) and conductance simulations is presented. First atomistic models of the NbS2/WSe2 VH considering all the five possible stacking orientations at the interface are constructed, and DFT and quantum‐mechanical (QM) scattering simulations are conducted to obtain information on band structure and transmission coefficients. Then an analysis of the QM results in terms of electrostatic potential, fragment decomposition, and band alignment is carried out. The behavior of transmission expected from this analysis is in excellent agreement with, and thus fully rationalizes, the DFT results, and the peculiar double‐peak profile of transmission. Finally, maximally localized Wannier functions, projected density of states, and a simple analytic formula to predict and explain quantitatively the differences in transport in the case of epitaxial misorientation are used. Within the class of Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenide systems, the NbS2/WSe2 VH exhibits a wide interval of finite transmission and a double‐peak profile, features that can be exploited in applications.
Designing a universal tool for developing content of debriefing: The how and what questions
Authors: Rajendran Gunaseelan , Mahalingam Sasikumar , Balaraman Nithya , Kumaran Aswin , Ganessane Ezhilkugan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesClear and specific content for debriefing promotes learning and reflection for the learner. Currently, there is no universal tool for developing the content for debriefing.MethodsWe developed a tool for debriefing that can be applied for developing content for debriefing, which can be used for instructor‐led and within‐team debriefing. These tools include two sets of eight questions, namely, the how and the what questions.ResultsWe used these tools in our monthly simulation activities and got a favorable response from the residents who used them.ConclusionsThe how question deals with human factors, and the what questions deal with educational factors.
Deep learning to predict power output from respiratory inductive plethysmography data
Authors: Husom Erik Johannes B. L. G , Bernabé Pierre , Sen Sagar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPower output is one of the most accurate methods for measuring exercise intensity during outdoor endurance sports, since it records the actual effect of the work performed by the muscles over time. However, power meters are expensive and are limited to activity forms where it is possible to embed sensors in the propulsion system such as in cycling. We investigate using breathing to estimate power output during exercise, in order to create a portable method for tracking physical effort that is universally applicable in many activity forms. Breathing can be quantified through respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP), which entails recording the movement of the rib cage and abdomen caused by breathing, and it enables us to have a portable, non‐invasive device for measuring breathing. RIP signals, heart rate and power output were recorded during a N‐of‐1 study of a person performing a set of workouts on a stationary bike. The recorded data were used to build predictive models through deep learning algorithms. A convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on features derived from RIP signals and heart rate obtained a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.20 (ie, 20% average error). The model showed promising capability of estimating correct power levels and reactivity to changes in power output, but the accuracy is significantly lower than that of cycling power meters.
When good intentions are not enough: Professionals’ perceptions of the South Australian communication partner scheme
Authors: Hoff Sarah , Powell Martine , Plater David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractChildren and other vulnerable parties such as those with a cognitive, social or communication impairment frequently struggle to understand, and be understood in, the criminal justice environment. One way this has been addressed in jurisdictions around Australia and overseas is through the introduction of intermediary (or communication partner) schemes, whereby an independent third party assists vulnerable witnesses, and in some cases, defendants, with their communication needs. The South Australian Government introduced a trained volunteer communication partner scheme for defendants and prosecution witnesses as one element of its Disability Justice Plan in 2016. However, the scheme had relatively limited use and ceased operation on 1 March 2020. This study provides a qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ (N = 23 professionals) perceptions of how the scheme was implemented, the factors that constrained the usefulness of the scheme and how the initiative could be improved. Participants highlighted the need for a future communication partner service to include highly trained and specialized professionals situated within a government agency.
Attitudes and beliefs about family and domestic violence in faith‐based communities: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Truong Mandy , Sharif Mienah , Olsen Anna , Pasalich Dave , Calabria Bianca , Priest Naomi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFamily and domestic violence (FDV) is a major social, economic and health issue that is associated with a range of physical, mental and behavioural health outcomes. Religion and faith are powerful and influential in shaping the lives of many individuals and societies, in addition to the social practices, norms and structures that are significant in understanding and responding to FDV. This study examines the influence of religious beliefs and values on attitudes and beliefs of FDV among culturally diverse faith communities in Australia. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 64 participants from a range of cultural and religious backgrounds and included faith leaders, community members and FDV sector workers. Overall, findings indicate that tensions exist between expressions of faith and attitudes to women and FDV. Whilst there is general agreement among participants that their faiths did not condone violence, they also identified cultural structures related to their faiths that enabled and ignored abuse against women. Further exploration of these issues within specific faith communities, as well as how to support and engage with these communities in increasing understandings of FDV and developing effective responses, is needed in the Australian context.
Organic Four‐Electron Redox Systems Based on Bipyridine and Phenanthroline Carbene Architectures
Authors: Antoni Patrick W. , Golz Christopher , Hansmann Max M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNovel organic redox systems that display multistage redox behaviour are highly sought‐after for a series of applications such as organic batteries or electrochromic materials. Here we describe a simple strategy to transfer well‐known two‐electron redox active bipyridine and phenanthroline architectures into novel strongly reducing four‐electron redox systems featuring fully reversible redox events with up to five stable oxidation states. We give spectroscopic and structural insight into the changes involved in the redox‐events and present characterization data on all isolated oxidation states. The redox‐systems feature strong UV/Vis/NIR polyelectrochromic properties such as distinct strong NIR absorptions in the mixed valence states. Two‐electron charge–discharge cycling studies indicate high electrochemical stability at strongly negative potentials, rendering the new redox architectures promising lead structures for multi‐electron anolyte materials.
High efficiency preparation of standard grade γ‐tocopherol and its antioxidant activity
Authors: Li Yaping , Zhang Linshang , Wang Zhide , Bi Yanlan , Peng Dan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNatural standard grade γ‐tocopherol is of great interest due to its good antioxidant activity and special pharmacological functions. This study separated and purified γ‐tocopherol from mixed tocopherols using eco‐friendly and low toxicity solvents. γ‐Tocopherol (0.28 g) was obtained per performance with a purity of (98.89 ± 0.68)% and a recovery rate of (93.23 ± 0.89)%. The purification conditions were as follows: elution solvent n‐hexane/ethyl acetate 94.5:5.5 (v/v), sample load 0.5 g, a column height to diameter ratio of 16:1 (length and diameter, 60 × 3 cm) and an elution rate of 2 ml/min. The purity and structure of γ‐tocopherol was confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. The adsorption isotherm of γ‐tocopherol on silica gel (200–300 mesh) fitted the Langmuir isotherm model well. The antioxidant activity analysis showed that γ‐tocopherol had the strongest antioxidant activity followed by δ‐tocopherol and α‐tocopherol. This study provides an economically attractive solution for the production of natural standard grade γ‐tocopherol.
Integrating tissue‐direct PCR into genetic identification: An upgraded molecular ecology approach to survey fern gametophytes in the field
Authors: Wu Yi‐Hsuan , Ke Ya‐Ting , Chan Yuan‐Yao , Wang Goang‐Jiun , Kuo Li‐Yaung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPremiseThe gametophytes of different fern species collected in the field can be difficult to distinguish because of their morphological similarities. Nonetheless, emerging molecular ecology techniques are starting to be used to tackle such limitations. Here, using case studies and a detailed protocol, we demonstrate a convenient methodology, tissue‐direct PCR (TD‐PCR), that foregoes a traditional DNA extraction and facilitates the identification of fern gametophytes, as well as enabling the elucidation of their natural distribution.MethodsBased on updated plastome information, we designed a universal primer set targeting the trnL‐L‐F region, which is effective across extant ferns. We used this primer set to perform TD‐PCR on the case‐studied populations of Taiwanese Lomariopsis gametophytes, using the generated sequences for their identification. In the case study concerning the microhabitat preference of Vaginularia junghuhnii, we designed and used a taxon‐specific primer set.ResultsCompared with approaches requiring DNA extraction, the use of TD‐PCR with either universal or taxon‐specific primers could save significant time, money, labor, and research materials in the genetic identification of fern gametophytes.DiscussionThe use of modern genetic tools can aid in the identification of fern gametophytes. An updated TD‐PCR strategy not only facilitates the DNA‐based identification of gametophytes, but also promotes new avenues of research for investigating these plants in the field.
Fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) restocking experiment in an urban turbid reef environment
Authors: Ow Yong Wei Long , Todd Peter A. , Ang Ambert C.F. , Ying Lynette S.M. , Teo Aaron , Lee Samuel H.R. , Low Jeffrey , Neo Mei Lin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Giant clam populations in Singapore are endangered due to historical exploitation, habitat loss, and sediment pollution.
Transplanting cultured giant clams onto reefs is a potential conservation strategy. This study examined the growth and survival of three initial size classes (50.0–60.0 mm, 60.1–70.0 mm, >70 mm) of cultured juvenile fluted giant clams, Tridacna squamosa, transplanted to three reef sites under two caging treatments (caged and uncaged).
After 145 days, there was no significant difference in clam survival within the size classes and within caging treatments across reef sites, even though environmental conditions varied greatly between sites. However, there was a significant effect of initial size class on T. squamosa survival, with higher survival with increasing size class (50.0–60.0 mm: 11.1%; 60.1–70.0 mm: 34.1%; >70.0 mm: 46.9%).
Clams in caged treatments had significantly lower survival (16.7%) than uncaged clams (43.1%), likely due to biofouling atop caged treatments reducing light availability. Growth rates in the caged treatment (2.2 ± SD 1.8 mm month−1) were also lower than those in the uncaged treatment (3.9 ± SD 2.2 mm month−1).
By optimizing transplant procedures for Singapore's turbid reef conditions, T. squamosa restocking efforts could play an important role in boosting local population numbers to facilitate natural recovery.
Scaling Methodology to Describe the Capacity Dependent Responses During Thermal Runaway of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Doose Stefan , Hahn Alexander , Bredekamp Michael , Haselrieder Wolfgang , Kwade Arno 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, internal short‐circuit tests on prototypically battery cells of different cell capacities were performed to determine scalable dependencies of the thermal runaway. It shows that this pouch cells with NMC111/graphite electrodes must have a minimum capacity of 1.5 A h to develop a thermal runaway. In addition, it could be determined that with increasing battery capacity the strength of the reaction also increases, which is visible, among other things, in the linear temperature increase on the cell surface from 1.5 A h to 3.0 A h of overall 66.77 °C and the increasing weight loss, of up to 37.5 % compared to the starting weight. It could also be shown that the processes of the thermal runaway can be described within certain limits by simple linear (cell surface temperatures, penetration depth, time until cell voltage reaches 0 V) and nonlinear fits (cell weight loss, setoff voltage at TR). This allows the determination of scalable parameters and test results with a minimum of test effort. Furthermore, increasing concentrations of the determined substances could be measured for the infrared‐active gaseous reaction products. In particular, the decomposition products CO and CO2, as well as the linear hydrocarbons, increase significantly with increasing capacity. On the whole, parameters for the description of the thermal runaway could be determined, which describe the effects and reactions of the thermal runaway well and could minimize test efforts with known materials.
TRPV4: A trigger of pathological RhoA activation in neurological disease
Authors: Bagnell Anna M. , Sumner Charlotte J. , McCray Brett A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a member of the TRP superfamily, is a broadly expressed, cell surface‐localized cation channel that is activated by a variety of environmental stimuli. Importantly, TRPV4 has been increasingly implicated in the regulation of cellular morphology. Here we propose that TRPV4 and the cytoskeletal remodeling small GTPase RhoA together constitute an environmentally sensitive signaling complex that contributes to pathological cell cytoskeletal alterations during neurological injury and disease. Supporting this hypothesis is our recent work demonstrating direct physical and bidirectional functional interactions of TRPV4 with RhoA, which can lead to activation of RhoA and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Furthermore, a confluence of evidence implicates TRPV4 and/or RhoA in pathological responses triggered by a range of acute neurological insults ranging from stroke to traumatic injury. While initiated by a variety of insults, TRPV4–RhoA signaling may represent a common pathway that disrupts axonal regeneration and blood–brain barrier integrity. These insights also suggest that TRPV4 inhibition may represent a safe, feasible, and precise therapeutic strategy for limiting pathological TRPV4–RhoA activation in a range of neurological diseases.
Interaction properties of biosynthesized cadmium sulphide quantum dots with human serum albumin: further investigation of antibacterial activities and sensing applications
Authors: Haque Mahabul , Lyndem Sona , Singha Roy Atanu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of small‐sized quantum dots (QDs) (1–10 nm) via the green route has garnered great interest regarding their prospective use in many biological applications (diagnosis, drug delivery and in vivo sensing); this is difficult to achieve using chemical synthesis methods, which produce larger size QD particles and also require hazardous reagents. Here, we synthesized biogenic cadmium sulphide (CdS) QDs using green tea extract as the reducing agent to produce particles that were homogeneous and a smaller size of 2–4 nm. We also elucidated the (a) protein binding, (b) antibacterial use and (c) sensing applications of biogenic CdS QDs in this present work. The biosynthesized CdS QDs were found to have extensive antibacterial activity against both Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Enterococcus faecalis bacterial strains. The introduction of QDs in biological medium can lead to the formation of protein–QD complexes; therefore we investigated the binding interaction of CdS QDs with the carrier protein human serum albumin (HSA) in vitro. The synthesized CdS QDs quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching mechanism and the binding constant (Kb) was in the order of 104 M−1. It was also observed that the presence of biogenic CdS QDs affected the HSA–ligand interactions in vitro. The synthesized CdS made highly effective sensors for tetracycline, rifampicin, and bilirubin with limit of detection (LOD) values of 99, 141 and 29 ng/ml, respectively.
Differential effects on natural killer cell production by membrane‐bound cytokine stimulations
Authors: Chang Meiping , Tang Xiaoyan , Nelson Luke , Nyberg Gregg , Du Zhimei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRobust manufacturing production of natural killer (NK) cells has been challenging in allogeneic NK cell‐based therapy. Here, we compared the impact of cytokines on NK cell expansion by developing recombinant K562 feeder cell lines expressing membrane‐bound cytokines, mIL15, mIL21, and 41BBL, individually or in combination. We found that 41BBL played a dominant role in promoting up to 500,000‐fold of NK cell expansion after a 21‐day culture process without inducing exhaustion. However, 41BBL stimulation reduced the overall cytotoxic activity of NK cells when combined with mIL15 and/or mIL21. Additionally, long‐term stimulation with mIL15 and/or mIL21, but not 41BBL, increased CD56 expression and the CD56bright population, which is unexpectedly correlated with NK cell cytotoxicity. By conducting single‐cell sequencing, we identified distinct subpopulations of NK cells induced by different cytokines, including an adaptive‐like CD56brightCD16‐CD49a+ subset induced by mIL15. Through gene expression analysis, we found that different cytokines modulated signaling pathways and target genes involved in cell cycle, senescence, self‐renewal, migration, and maturation in different ways. Together, our study demonstrates that cytokine signaling pathways play distinct roles in NK cell expansion and differentiation, which sheds light on NK cell process designs to improve productivity and product quality.
Managing tensions in sustainable development in Chinese and New Zealand business partnerships: Integrative approaches
Authors: Chen Sitong (Michelle) , Eweje Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExisting research posits that there are tensions in addressing divergent sustainability issues which need to be managed and embraced by firms. However, if these tensions cannot be addressed adequately, it will not only have negative impacts on individuals' interests but also on the development of organisations and ultimately the prosperity of the society, ultimately resulting in unethical consequences. Hence, this paper empirically examines tensions in addressing divergent sustainability issues and how to manage them between Chinese and New Zealand firms in business partnerships. Guided by an interpretivist philosophy, this research adopts a qualitative and abductive approach as the preferred research method. In doing so, 33 in‐depth individual interviews alongside one informal group discussion were carried out at 16 relatively large Chinese and New Zealand firms known for their commitment to sustainability that are in business partnerships. Interestingly, we find that these companies are faced with complex and multiple sustainability tensions. In order to better manage these tensions, we found that these firms adopt integrative approaches with opening, surfacing, collaborative and synergistic strategies which can help these companies to enhance their organisational ambidexterity.