bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
360-Degree laser retinopexy in primary vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: factors associated with its use and impact on surgical outcomes
Authors: Peters Matthew C. , Murray-Douglass Alexander , Park Joseph , Cheng Sean S. H. , Sharma Anil K. , Sharma Abhishek , Vandeleur Kevin W. , Lee Lawrence R. , Moloney Thomas P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine patient and surgical factors associated with the use of 360-degree laser retinopexy during primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) ± scleral buckle (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and its impact on surgical outcomes.

Methods
Patients who underwent PPV ± SB for repair of non-complex RRD at a single centre were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcome was single surgery anatomical success (SSAS). Secondary outcomes included visual acuity, epiretinal membrane formation, the presence of cystoid macular oedema, tonic pupil and corneal epithelial defects. Multiple logistic regression and multivariate regression was used.

Results
The study included 192 cases, of which 130 received 360-degree laser. Worse preoperative logMAR visual acuity (P = 0.009), male sex (P = 0.060), higher PVR grades, supplemental SB (P = 0.0468) and silicone oil/C3F8 tamponade (P < 0.0001) were associated with 360-degree laser use. No significant associations between 360-degree laser and SSAS (P = 0.079), final logMAR visual acuity (P = 0.0623), ERM development (P = 0.8208), postoperative CMO (P = 0.5946), tonic pupil (P > 0.9999) or corneal epithelial defects (P = N/A) were found.

Conclusions
360-degree laser retinopexy during primary PPV ± SB for RRD was associated with more complex cases and more extensive operations. Even when accounting for this, there was no difference in surgical outcomes or complication rates.
Novel [18F]-labeled thiol for the labeling of Dha- or maleimide-containing biomolecules
Authors: Richard Mylène , Hinnen Françoise , Kuhnast Bertrand 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Prosthetic approach for the radiolabeling of biologics with fluorine-18 is a robust strategy and has been employed for many years. It requires fast, biocompatible and selective reactions suited to these fragile molecules. Michael addition of a nucleophilic thiol moiety on α,β-unsaturated carbonyl entities is an interesting compromise between simplicity of preparation of the prosthetic reagent and control of the selectivity of the addition. The α,β-unsaturated carbonyl entity of the biologic can easily be generated by addition of a maleimide function using adequate heterobifunctional linkers or generated by selective modification of a cysteine residue leading to a dehydroalanine moiety. We report here the design, synthesis and radiosynthesis of a new fluoropyridine-based thiol [18F]FPySH and its conjugation via Michael addition on model dehydroalanine- or maleimide-containing biologics.

Results
The preparation of cold reference and labeling precursor of [18F]FPySH was achieved and its radiosynthesis was fully automated, enabling production of the thiol prosthetic group with a 7 ± 2.1% radiochemical yield after two steps. The conjugation of [18F]FPySH to two model Dha-containing molecules was then carried out in reducing conditions, yielding the corresponding adducts in 30–45 min reaction time. Furthermore, [18F]FPySH was employed to radiolabel the maleimide-modified c(RGDfK) peptide, affording the radiofluorinated analogue in 15 min.

Conclusion
We have developed an original [18F]-labeled thiol for site-selective conjugation and radiolabeling of Dha or maleimide-containing biomolecules of interest. Labeling of three model compounds was successfully carried out and gave the expected radiofluorinated adducts in less than 45 min, thus compatible with fluorine-18 half-life.
There are more things in physical function and pain: a systematic review on physical, mental and social health within the orthopedic fracture population using PROMIS
Authors: Houwen Thymen , de Munter Leonie , Lansink Koen W. W. , de Jongh Mariska A. C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Patient-Reported Outcomes Information System (PROMIS®) is more and more extensively being used in medical literature in patients with an orthopedic fracture. Yet, many articles studied heterogeneous groups with chronic orthopedic disorders in which fracture patients were included as well. At this moment, there is no systematic overview of the exact use of PROMIS measures in the orthopedic fracture population. Therefore this review aimed to provide an overview of the PROMIS health domains physical health, mental health and social health in patients suffering an orthopedic fracture.MethodsThis systematic review was documented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched Embase, Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of controlled Trials, CINAHL and Google Scholar in December 2020 using a combination of MeSH terms and specific index terms related to orthopedic fractures and PROMIS questionnaires. Inclusion criteria were available full text articles that were describing the use of any PROMIS questionnaires in both the adult and pediatric extremity fracture population.ResultsWe included 51 relevant articles of which most were observational studies (n = 47, 92.2%). A single fracture population was included in 47 studies of which 9 involved ankle fractures (9/51; 17.6%), followed by humeral fractures (8/51; 15.7%), tibia fractures (6/51; 11.8%) and radial -or ulnar fractures (5/51; 9.8%). PROMIS Physical Function (n = 32, 32/51 = 62.7%) and PROMIS Pain Interference (n = 21, 21/51 = 41.2%) were most frequently used questionnaires. PROMIS measures concerning social (n = 5/51 = 9.8%) and mental health (10/51 = 19.6%) were much less often used as outcome measures in the fracture population. A gradually increasing use of PROMIS questionnaires in the orthopedic fracture population was seen since 2017.ConclusionMany different PROMIS measures on multiple domains are available and used in previous articles with orthopedic fracture patients. With physical function and pain interference as most popular PROMIS measures, it is important to emphasize that other health-domains such as mental and social health can also be essential to fracture patients.
Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus: a broad spectrum bio-agent against mulberry root rot pathogens
Authors: Saratha M. , Angappan K. , Karthikeyan S. , Marimuthu S. , Chozhan K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In India, severe yield and economic losses in sericulture were reported due to mulberry root rot disease. Since the disease was caused by complex soil-borne pathogens with wide host range, an attempt was made to develop actinobacteria based biological management strategy to mitigate it.

Results
As a result of continuous screening for anti-fungal actinobacteria, 2 novel and potent isolates (M11 and M12) belong to the rare genus, Actinoalloteichus were obtained from mulberry rhizosphere. Both isolates were gram positive, grayish, aerobic and produced good amount of melanin pigment during sporulation. They exhibited excellent anti-fungal activity against mulberry root rot pathogens viz., Macrophomina phaseolina, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani. In addition, these melanogenic isolates grew in wide temperature and pH ranges. Their multi-stress tolerance ability/polyextremophilic nature was exposed when amending regular growth medium with excess concentration of salt and alkali. In addition, the potent isolates also showed tolerance to carbendazim (up to 1000 ppm) and UVB irradiation (up to 180 min at 10 cm distance).

Conclusion
The present study focused on the identification and characterization of melanogenic actinobacteria, further made it potential candidate that could be incorporated in eco-friendly, integrated disease management strategies against complex mulberry root rot pathogens.
Thellungiella halophila ST103 enhances salt tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: JAVAID Ayesha , NAZISH Tahmina , ALI Mohsin , ZHU Yonghong , LI Jing , ZHANG Huangyang , WU Jie , XIANG Chengbin , WU Shenjie , ALFATIH Alamin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), the major textile fiber crop of the world, is negatively affected by salinity. It leads to the induction of adverse effects on growth and development of cotton. The overall yield of cotton faces major drawback once they are grown in saline soil. To improve cotton salt tolerance, transgenic approach offers a fast and effective way but it relies on the availability of salt tolerance genes.

Results
In this study, we have reported the evaluation of ThST103, a homologue of Arabidopsis ozone-induced protein (AtOZI1) in Thellungiella halophila, in enhancing salt tolerance in cotton. Overexpression of ThST103 enabled cotton plants to germinate and grow better than the wild types under salt stress. The transgenic lines showed enhanced survival rate in the saline environment and experienced less oxidative damage compared with the wild types. In the field, the transgenic cotton lines produced higher yield than the wild type in saline soil. Transcriptomic comparison analyses of ThST103 overexpression lines versus the wild type revealed upregulated genes enriched in salt stress tolerance and ion homeostasis.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that ThST103 has the capability to improve salt tolerance in cotton. It can be used in cotton breeding for salt tolerance cultivars.
Pretreatment Lymphocyte Count Predicts Benefit From Concurrent Chemotherapy With Radiotherapy in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Price James M. , Mistry Hitesh B. , Betts Guy , Cheadle Eleanor J. , Dixon Lynne , Garcez Kate , Illidge Tim , Iyizoba-Ebozue Zsuzsanna , Lee Lip Wai , McPartlin Andrew , Prestwich Robin J.D. , Papageorgiou Savvas , Pritchard Dylan J. , Sykes Andrew , West Catharine M. , Thomson David J. 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE There is a need to refine the selection of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) for treatment de-escalation. We investigated whether pretreatment absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) predicted overall survival (OS) benefit from the addition of concurrent chemotherapy to radical radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was an observational study of consecutive OPSCCs treated by curative-intent radiotherapy, with or without concurrent chemotherapy (n = 791) with external, independent validation from a separate institution (n = 609). The primary end point was OS at 5 years. Locoregional control (LRC) was assessed using competing risk regression as a secondary end point. Previously determined prognostic factors were used in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model to assess the prognostic importance of ALC and the interaction between ALC and cisplatin chemotherapy use. RESULTS Pretreatment ALC was prognostic for 5-year OS on multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.98; P = .04). It also predicted benefit from the use of concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy, with a significant interaction between cisplatin chemotherapy and pretreatment ALC (likelihood ratio test, P = .04): higher ALC count reduced the 5-year OS benefit compared with radiotherapy alone (HR 2.53; 95% CI, 1.03 to 6.19; P = .043). This was likely driven by an effect on LRC up to 5 years (interaction subdistribution HR 2.29; 95% CI, 0.68 to 7.71; P = .094). An independent validation cohort replicated the OS (HR 2.53; 95% CI, 0.98 to 6.52; P = .055) and LRC findings (interaction subdistribution HR 3.43; 95% CI, 1.23 to 9.52; P = .018). CONCLUSION For OPSCC, the pretreatment ALC is prognostic for OS and also predicts benefit from the addition of cisplatin chemotherapy to radiotherapy. These findings require prospective evaluation, and could inform the selection of good prognosis patients for a de-escalation trial.
TheMangbaeryeExaminations: Ming Loyalist Court Rituals and Royal Authority in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Chosŏn
Authors: Han Seunghyun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring the reigns of Yŏngjo (r. 1724–76) and Chŏngjo (r. 1776–1800), royal audiences and tests were established as important components of the mangbaerye-day events. For the two rulers, the audience was an occasion to use the significance of the rituals to justify bureaucratic promotions for the attendees. The literary and military tests on mangbaerye days were systematized by Yŏngjo and administered by the ruler as a stage in the state examination. By assuming leading ideological roles through rituals, Yŏngjo was able to present the image of a sage-ruler with supreme political and ideological authority. Chŏngjo refrained from bestowing examination privileges in the mangbaerye tests, making the mangbaerye days special occasions for disseminating Ming loyalism. In the nineteenth century, the frequency of Ming loyalist rituals was significantly reduced, and royal audiences came to a complete halt. Moreover, the rituals incrementally lost ground as events for highlighting the importance of the ritual attendees. The mangbaerye-day tests in the nineteenth century served as a venue to promote participating families’ political advancement, rather than as an occasion to bolster the monarchical authority and power.
Dorsiflexion and Hop Biomechanics Associate with Greater Talar Cartilage Deformation in Those with Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: SONG KYEONGTAK , PIETROSIMONE BRIAN , BLACKBURN J. TROY , PADUA DARIN A. , TENNANT JOSHUA N. , WIKSTROM ERIK A. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to identify associations between dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), functional hop test performance, and hopping biomechanics with the magnitude of talar cartilage deformation after a standardized hopping protocol in individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Methods
Thirty CAI and 30 healthy individuals participated. Ankle DFROM was assessed using the weight-bearing lunge test. Four different functional hop tests were assessed. Three-dimensional kinematics and kinetics were sampled during a 60-cm single-leg hop. We calculated cartilage deformation after a dynamic loading protocol consisting of sixty 60-cm single-leg forward hops by assessing the change in average thickness for the overall, medial, and lateral talar cartilage. Linear regressions examined the associations between cartilage deformation magnitude and DFROM, functional hop tests, and hop biomechanical variables after accounting for body weight and time since the initial ankle sprain.

Results
In CAI group, lesser static DFROM (ΔR
2 = 0.22) and smaller peak ankle dorsiflexion angle (ΔR
2 = 0.17) was associated with greater medial deformation. Greater peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) (ΔR
2 = 0.26–0.28) was associated with greater medial and overall deformation. Greater vGRF loading rate (ΔR
2 = 0.23–0.35) was associated with greater lateral and overall deformation. Greater side hop test times (ΔR
2 = 0.31–0.36) and ankle plantarflexion at initial contact (ΔR
2 = 0.23–0.38) were associated with greater medial, lateral, and overall deformation. In the control group, lesser side hop test times (ΔR
2 = 0.14), greater crossover hop distances (ΔR
2 = 0.14), and greater single-hop distances (ΔR
2 = 0.21) were associated with greater overall deformation.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that lesser static DFROM, poorer functional hop test performance, and hop biomechanics associate with greater talar cartilage deformation after a dynamic loading protocol in those with CAI. These factors may represent targets for therapeutic interventions within this population to slow ankle posttraumatic osteoarthritis progression.
Concussion Knowledge, Attitudes, and Reporting Behaviors of Sports Car Racing Drivers
Authors: Bretzin Abigail C. , Hines Julia N.D. , Ferguson David P. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Optimal concussion management includes early recognition, immediate removal from competition, and diagnosis of concussion. However, because of varied medical access, concussion detection in the automobile racing is challenging, warranting further investigation into concussion knowledge, attitudes, and reporting behaviors. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to characterize concussion knowledge, attitudes, and report behaviors in the specialized motorsport format of “sports car racing.”

Methods
A total of 59 racing drivers participating in the Pirelli World Challenge racing series completed a cross-sectional paper-and-pencil survey. Scores for symptom recognition, knowledge, and attitudes of concussion, and describe reporting behaviors were reported.

Results
Drivers commonly recognized confusion (94.4%), headache (92.6%), loss of consciousness (90.7%), and blurred vision (88.9%) as signs of concussion. Sleep problems were the least recognized (48.2%) symptom. Total knowledge score averaged 34.65 ± 4.7 out of 42, and total attitude score was 45.11 ± 3.5 out of 49. Over half of drivers (55.2%) who recalled a racing-related concussion indicated that they reported all their concussions to a medical professional or teammate. The most common reasons for reporting a concussion included they did not want to have any further damage to their brain (31.0%), they thought that they had a concussion (20.7%), and they were scared (13.7%); common reasons for nondisclosure included not wanting to let their team down (15.4%) and not thinking it was serious (15.4%).

Conclusions
Drivers correctly identified common concussion signs and symptoms, and had favorable concussion knowledge and attitudes. Over half of drivers who recalled a previous driving-related concussion indicated that they reported their injury to a medical professional or teammate. The application of the present investigation will inform the health care team working at racing events to help manage concussions.
Harmonisation of welfare indicators for macaques and marmosets used or bred for research
Authors: Prescott Mark J. , Leach Matthew C. , Truelove Melissa A. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Accurate assessment of the welfare of non-human primates (NHPs) used and bred for scientific purposes is essential for effective implementation of obligations to optimise their well-being, for validation of refinement techniques and novel welfare indicators, and for ensuring the highest quality data is obtained from these animals. Despite the importance of welfare assessment in NHP research, there is little consensus on what should be measured. Greater harmonisation of welfare indicators between facilities would enable greater collaboration and data sharing to address welfare-related questions in the management and use of NHPs. Methods: A Delphi consultation was used to survey attendees of the 2019 NC3Rs Primate Welfare Meeting (73 respondents) to build consensus on which welfare indicators for macaques and marmosets are reliable, valid, and practicable, and how these can be measured. Results: Self-harm behaviour, social enrichment, cage dimensions, body weight, a health monitoring programme, appetite, staff training, and positive reinforcement training were considered valid, reliable, and practicable indicators for macaques (≥70% consensus) within a hypothetical scenario context involving 500 animals. Indicators ranked important for assessing marmoset welfare were body weight, NHP induced and environmentally induced injuries, cage furniture, huddled posture, mortality, blood in excreta, and physical enrichment. Participants working with macaques in infectious disease and breeding identified a greater range of indicators as valid and reliable than did those working in neuroscience and toxicology, where animal-based indicators were considered the most important. The findings for macaques were compared with a previous Delphi consultation, and the expert-defined consensus from the two surveys used to develop a prototype protocol for assessing macaque welfare in research settings. Conclusions: Together the Delphi results and proto-protocol enable those working with research NHPs to more effectively assess the welfare of the animals in their care and to collaborate to advance refinement of NHP management and use.
Environmental factors influence the local establishment of Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in two small communities in central Vietnam
Authors: Hien Nguyen T. , Anh Dang D. , Le Nguyen H. , Yen Nguyen T. , Phong Tran V. , Nam Vu S. , Duong Tran N. , Nguyen Nguyen B. , Huong Duong T.T. , Hung Luu Q. , Trinh Chau N.T. , Hoang Nguyen V. , Mai Vien Q. , Nghia Le T. , Dong Nguyen T. , Tho Le H. , Kutcher Simon , Hurst Tim P. , Montgomery Jacqui L. , Woolfit Megan , Rances Edwige , Kyrylos Peter , L. Anders Katherine , Nguyen Le , Brown-Kenyon Jack , Caird Angela , McLean Breeanna J. , Iturbe-Ormaetxe Inaki , Ritchie Scott A. , O'Neill Scott L. , Ryan Peter A. 
Published: April 2022

Background: The wMel strain of Wolbachia has been successfully introduced into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and subsequently shown to reduce transmission of dengue and other pathogens, under both laboratory and field conditions. Here we describe the entomological outcomes of wMel Wolbachia mosquito releases in two small communities in Nha Trang City in central Vietnam. Methods: The wMel strain of Wolbachia was backcrossed into local Aedes aegypti genotype and mosquito releases were undertaken by community members or by staff. Field monitoring was undertaken to track Wolbachia establishment in local Ae. aegypti mosquito populations. Ecological studies were undertaken to assess relationships between environmental factors and the spatial and temporal variability in Wolbachia infection prevalence in mosquitoes. Results: Releases of wMel Wolbachia Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in two small communities in Nha Trang City resulted in the initial establishment of Wolbachia in the local Ae. aegypti mosquito populations, followed by seasonal fluctuations in Wolbachia prevalence. There was significant small-scale spatial heterogeneity in Wolbachia infection prevalence in the Tri Nguyen Village site, resulting in the loss of wMel Wolbachia infection in mosquitoes in north and center areas, despite Wolbachia prevalence remaining high in mosquitoes in the south area. In the second site, Vinh Luong Ward, Wolbachia has persisted at a high level in mosquitoes throughout this site despite similar seasonal fluctuations in wMel Wolbachia prevalence. Conclusion: Seasonal variation in Wolbachia infection prevalence in mosquitoes was associated with elevated temperature conditions, and was possibly due to imperfect maternal transmission of Wolbachia. Heterogeneity in Wolbachia infection prevalence was found throughout one site, and indicates additional factors may influence Wolbachia establishment.
Generation of bright-dark soliton pairs based on a ferromagnetic insulator Cr2Si2Te6 as a modulator in an Er-doped fiber laser
Authors: Sui Zhiqi , Zhu Mingxiao , Chen Si , Yang Fuhao , Wang Yanjuan , Sun Shuo , Hong Zhifeng , Fan Weiyu , Zhang Wenfei , Zhang Huanian , Chen Xiaohan , Wang Guomei , Fu Shenggui 
Published: April 2022

In this work, a saturable absorber (SA) based on

C

r

2

S

i

2

T

e

6

(CST), with a modulation depth of 14.90% and saturation intensity of

4.81

M
W

/

c

m

2

, was prepared by a liquid phase stripping method. Its nonlinear optical properties and application in obtaining mode-locked pulse output of bright-dark solitons are studied. When the pump power was 1250 mW, the maximum output power was 26.60 mW; the energy of the single pulse was 15.02 nJ, and the repetition rate was 1.77 MHz. Our results provided evidence that CST can be used as an excellent SA for a mode-locked laser and demonstrated that ferromagnetic insulators can be used for the study of bright-dark soliton pairs.