bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Packaging Materials on Storage Stability of Traditional Indian Dairy Confection Peda
Authors: Das Sumita , Bandyopadhyay A. K. , Ghatak P. K. 
Published: March 2022

Peda, a heat desiccated traditional dairy product popular in northern India suffers from poor shelf life due loss of moisture from the surface, mold growth, rancidity etc. Packaging plays an important role in controlling microbial growth as well as biochemical changes and the shelf life can be increased by changing the packaging system. In the present study the role of packaging materials on the storage stability of peda was evaluated at ambient (30±1⁰C) and refrigerated (7±1⁰C) conditions. Peda was prepared in the laboratory from standardized cow milk (4.5% fat and 8.5% SNF) with addition of 8% sugar on the basis of milk and kept without packaging (P0) as well as packaged in two most suitable packaging materials viz. paper box (P1) and polypropylene pouches (P2). During storage the sensory quality, physico-chemical properties, texture profile and microbiological quality was carried out at regular interval. It was found that the rate of most of the quality deteriorative parameters was rapid in P0 followed by P1 and P2 at both storage temperatures. Based on the results obtained in this study it can be concluded that at ambient temperature peda samples could be best preserved up to 4 days without packaging, 8 days in paper box and 14 days in polypropylene pouches whereas refrigerated samples kept well up to 20, 30 and 50 days in P0, P1 and P2 respectively.
Potentials of Establishing Sentinel Integrated Reef Ecosystem in Eastern Coast of Bicol Region, Philippines
Authors: B. Mendoza, Jr Antonino , Karl Bista Joshua 
Published: March 2022

Sentinel species is an important input in understanding environmental health conditions that can provide integrated and relevant information on the possible degree of impact of anthropogenic and natural causes providing information about ecological processes. Identifying “proper set” of ecosystem sentinels will enhance the capacity to monitor and predict environmental change to help guide ecosystem science and conservation efforts. In the Eastern Bicol Region, we surveyed selected areas to identify the healthy coral reefs to develop a “sentinel integrated system” that will allow regular monitoring of the best reefs and as a showcase for proper coral reef ecosystem management. Please describe the methods briefly. Results showed that there are healthy reefs and indicator organisms were found that are good candidate for a sentinel integrated system that can serve as potential markers of environmental or biological changes. Most healthy reefs are found in Eastern Al (Albay and Lagonoy Gulfs) while those in Asid Gulf and Western Albay have low reef quality. This also corresponds to deep and shallow reef areas respectively.
Acquired Rectovaginal Fistula and Faecal Incontinence Following Sexual Assault in a 4-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Shehu H. , Shehu M. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a crime against children. It is largely under-reported and commonly goes unpunished in our society.
Case report: The patient is a 4-year-old girl who presented to our emergency paediatric unit with 14 hours duration of faecal incontinence following sexual assault by her landlord’s son. She also complains of pelvic pain and difficulty in walking. The landlords’s son forced his penis into her anus and inserted his fingers through her vagina.
On examination of her anal region, there was anal sphincter tear at six 0’ clock, extending exteriorly to the right measuring 1 cm long and 0.5 cm deep with a rectovaginal fistula. Vaginal examination revealed minor laceration and excoriation on the right lateral wall and floor of the vagina, with mild bleeding. She had a left hymenal tear at the lower aspect and a vagina floor tear. Results of urine microscopy culture and sensitivity (MCS) revealed white blood counts (WBC) 2+, leucocytes 2+, epithelial cells+, Staphylococcus aureus was isolated which was sensityive to amoxiciilin.
The child was resuscitated and given antibiotics and analgesics and prophylactic antiretroviral drugs. She had a perineal tear repair by the paediatric surgeon. She was placed on sitz bath and she responded well with good healing and recovery. She was discharged after 2 weeks on admission and came back for follow-up.
This report highlights the management of a case of rectovaginal fistula in a child as a result of sexual assault.
Insightful Valorization of Biological Activities of Flax Seed (Linum usitatissimum) through Experimental and Computer Aided Mechanisms
Authors: Raju M. Ganga , Burri Charitha , Reddy V N. V. L. Suvarchala 
Published: March 2022

Flax also known as common flax or linseed, is a flowering plant, Linum usitatissimum, in the family Linaceae. The current study used haloperidol-induced catalepsy and reserpine antagonism to investigate in vivo anti- Parkinson's activity and in silico approaches like docking studies (schrodinger software), Ramchandran plot (procheck), ADME and biological activity score using (molinspiration) online software. The n-hexane extract of Linum usitatissinum (HELU) (flax seeds) exhibited various phytochemical constituents like carbohydrates, lignans, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, fatty acids, coumarin derivatives and sterols. Pharmacological tests were studied at 200 mg/kg bd.wt and 400 mg/kg bd.wt, using in vivo behavioural effects like muscular rigidity, tremors, akinesia, grip strength, and locomotory activity. The experiment was designed by giving haloperidol to induce catalepsy and Reserpne to induce Parkinson’s disease-like symptoms. The increased cataleptic scores were significantly decreased by HELU (200 and 400 mg/kg bd.wt., p.o.) in reserpine antagonism model. Docking studies for natural chemicals against PDB ID: 4I6B, 7JOZ, 4XUD, 4OYX were conducted to better understand the ligand-binding affinity of the extract's active ingredients. The results revealed that D-xylose, D-arabinose, L-rhamnose, L-fucose, hesperidin, herbacetin, β-carboline, isoquinoline, ferulic acid, eicosapentanoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, beta sitosterol, niacin, aesculetin and standard drug levodopa, carbidopa had shown highest glide scores with all the selected proteins which indicate a stronger receptor-ligand binding affinity. Our findings revealed that Linum usitatissimum n-hexane extract has strong anti Parkinson's action.
Depth of Invasion as Tumor Indicator in Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in OSCC
Authors: Abidi Fizza , Fatima Sana , Zaidi Abeeha , Butt Saima , Saeed Shafaq , Batool Hira 
Published: March 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity is the 6th common cancer of the world and a major source of malignancy around the world. The best prognostic indicators for the occult lymph node metastasis are tumor depth of invasion and lymph node biopsies.
SAMPLE ABSTRACT:
Aims:. This study was conducted to assess the association of tumor depth of invasion and lymph nodes metastasis in oral cancer diagnosis at its initial stage.
Study design: Cross-Sectional Study design.
Place and Duration of Study:. Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad campus, Karachi. January 2021 to January 2022.
Methodology: This Cross sectional study was conducted at the Ziauddin hospital, North nazimabad after Ziauddin University Ethical Review Committee approval (Reference
Code: 0330618FAOM).140 biopsied surgical resection specimen slides were included the slides were evaluated by 3 investigators.
Results: . The mean age of 140 OSCC was found to be 46.87 ± 12.25 years. 80.7% of study population comprised of males. 50% of patients had T4 stage. Moderately differentiated grade (89.3%) was the most predominnant grade observed in this study. on the basis of DOI the patients were divided into 2 groups. One Group with Depth of invasion upto 4 mm and second group with Depth of invasion >4 mm. depth of invasion above 4 mm was found in 82.1% and without nodal metastasis(40.7%). The mean tumor size was was found to be 4.36± 2.433 mm and tumor thickness was 1.95±1.48 mm. and the most common anatomical site was found to be buccal mucosa (73.6%). T Stage and Nodal status,Tumour thicknes showed significant association with depth of invasion with p values 0.001, 0.023 and 0.002 respectively.
Conclusion: The tumor depth of invasion is found to be an important variable that can be related with metastasis in Oral cancer as our study showed its significant association with lymph node meatastasis.
The Effect of Levofloxacin Combinations on CRP Decrease in SARS CoV-2 Pneumonia
Authors: Onur Bayrakçi 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Covid 19 pneumonia, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is a disease with severe damage to the lung. It was reported that in Covid 19, rate of 74% antibiotics were used, and secondary bacterial infections were detected in at least 17.6% of the patients who used antibiotics. In this study, the effects of antibiotics in Covid 19 patients who do not use the steroid ​​on CRP decrease were aimed.
Materials and Methods: It was done in Ersin Arslan Training and Research Hospital Covid Wards between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020. The study included with positive PCR test (SARS-CoV-2), 18 age and more than, with pneumonia in CT, but users of steroid were excluded. Ages, genders, comorbidities, WBC values, neutrophil values, CRP values (​​in the first 24 hours and the 3rd day), lung involvements in CT and antibiotics ​​of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Accordingly, a total of 202 patients who compatible criteria were included in the study. Chi Square Test was used in the statistical analysis of the data.
Results: The mean age was 60.2±2.57 (19-89). 53.9% of the patients were males and 46.1% females. There was a history of chronic disease in 54.9% of the patients. Findings of pneumonia in CT were 67.8% multifocal, and 32.2% unifocal. Covid 19 pneumonia was more often in males, in over 60 ages and in have a history of chronic disease. Antibiotics used were levofloxacin (L) and combined levofloxacin with piperacillin/tazobactam (LT) and meropenem (LM) and ceftriaxone (LC). When the 1st and 3rd day CRP values ​​were compared; as L<LT<LM<LC rate of decrease were calculated. It was determined that LM and LC were preferred more often in patients with comorbidities. There was no statistically significant difference between the rates of decrease on CRP values ​​of levofloxacin and its combinations in patients with normal WBC values.
Conclusion: According to this study, in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia; there is no significant difference between the rates of decrease on CRP values ​​of levofloxacin and its combinations. Antibiotics should be preferred if bacterial infection is suspected when the patient's clinic and infection parameters are evaluated. It should be taken into account that secondary coinfection rates are not high in the selection of antibiotics in Covid 19. Further studies are needed to detect bacterial coinfections early in patients.
Is D2 Lymphadenectomy Necessary in Elderly Gastric Cancer Patients? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Endo Shunji , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Higashida Masaharu , Kubota Hisako , Matsumoto Hideo , Tanaka Hironori , Okada Toshimasa , Yoshimatsu Kazuhiko , Sugimoto Ken , Ueno Tomio 
Published: March 2022

Objective
We retrospectively analyzed the validity of limited lymphadenectomy (D1 and D1+) in elderly gastric cancer patients.

Summary of background data
According to the aging trend in Japan, patients with gastric cancer are continuing to age. The extent of lymphadenectomy preferable for older patients is unclear.

Methods
The data of 35 and 52 patients ≥80 years old with cT2− or N(+) gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy and limited lymphadenectomy, respectively, at 2 institutions between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results
The patients who underwent limited lymphadenectomy were older and their Onodera prognostic nutritional indexes were poorer than those who underwent D2 lymphadenectomy, although the differences were not significant. After propensity score matching, 28 patients in each group were analyzed. No significant differences in postoperative complications, initial recurrence sites, or causes of death were observed between the 2 groups except for postoperative respiratory failure, which was more frequent after D2 lymphadenectomy. The median overall survival time after D2 and limited lymphadenectomy was 73.9 and 70.9 months, respectively, with a hazard ratio of 1.32 (P = 0.53).

Conclusions
D1+ or even D1 lymphadenectomy may be acceptable for patients ≥80 years old with advanced gastric cancer.
Predictors of Influenza Vaccination in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis 2017‐2021: Results From the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Ta Viviane , Schieir Orit , Valois Marie‐France , Colmegna Ines , Hitchon Carol , Bessette Louis , Hazlewood Glen , Thorne Carter , Pope Janet , Boire Gilles , Tin Diane , Keystone Edward C. , Bykerk Vivian P. , Bartlett Susan J. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveAdults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a higher risk for infections, including influenza and related complications. We identified influenza vaccination coverage in adults newly diagnosed with RA and examined sociodemographic RA characteristics and attitudes associated with vaccination.MethodsWe used data from patients enrolled in the Canadian Early Arthritis Cohort between September 2017 and February 2021. At enrollment, participants reported their vaccination status in the previous year and completed the Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ). Clinical data were obtained from medical records. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of vaccination in the year after RA diagnosis.ResultsThe baseline analytic sample of 431 patients were mostly White (80%) women (67%) with a mean age of 56 (SD 14) years. Prediagnosis, influenza vaccine coverage was 38%, increasing to 46% post diagnosis in the longitudinal sample (n = 229). Participants with previous influenza vaccination (odds ratio [OR] 15.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.37‐36.90), on biologics or JAKs (OR 5.42; 95% CI 1.72‐17.03), and with a higher change in BMQ Necessity‐Concerns Differential scores (OR 1.08; 95% CI 1.02‐1.15) had greater odds, whereas women (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.14‐0.71), participants with a non‐White racial background (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.04‐0.51), and participants currently smoking (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02‐0.37) had lower odds of influenza vaccine coverage.ConclusionInfluenza vaccination coverage in patients with early RA remains below national targets in adults living with a chronic condition. Discussing vaccine history and medication attitudes at initial clinic visits with new patients with RA may enhance vaccine acceptance and uptake.
Mechanotransductive Mechanisms of Biomimetic Hydrogel Cues Modulating Meckel's Cartilage Degeneration
Authors: Farahat Mahmoud , Hara Emilio S. , Anada Risa , Kazi Gulsan A.S. , Akhter Nahid M. , Matsumoto Takuya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMeckel's cartilage, a cartilage rod present in the mandible during developmental stages, shows a unique developmental fate: while the anterior and posterior portions undergo ossification, the middle part degenerates. Previously, it was shown that a stiff environment promoted cartilage degeneration in the middle region, while a soft environment enhanced the mineralization in the anterior region of Meckel's cartilage. This study aims to elucidate the spatio‐temporal changes in the mechanosensing properties of Meckel's cartilage during its early developmental stages and clarify the mechanotransduction‐related mechanisms involved in its degeneration. The results show that the expression of Hippo pathway effector yes‐associated protein (YAP) is only detectable in the Meckel's cartilage onward embryonic day (E)14.5, indicating that mechanosensing is dependent on the tissue developmental stage. Consistently, microenvironmental stiffness‐induced cartilage degeneration can only be induced in cartilages onward E14.5, but not in those at earlier developmental stages. Expressions of integrin‐β1 and cartilage matrix‐degrading enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP‐1) and MMP‐13, are significantly enhanced in the degeneration area. Moreover, verteporfin (YAP inhibitor) and integrin‐β1 antibody block the substrate stiffness‐induced degeneration by suppressing the expressions of MMP‐1 and MMP‐13. These data provide new insights into the interplay between biochemical and mechanical cues determining the fate of Meckel's cartilage.
High Sensitivity, Broad Working Range, Comfortable, and Biofriendly Wearable Strain Sensor for Electronic Skin
Authors: Ma Chao , Wang Meng , Uzabakiriho Pierre Claver , Zhao Gang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the rapid advances in wearable technology, several excellent strain sensors have been developed. Recent strain sensors have met various requirements, such as mechanical applicability, rapid responsiveness, and high sensitivity. Nevertheless, the processing technology, wearing comfort, and safety of strain sensors, which have received inadequate attention, have greatly hindered their commercial development and large‐scale use. Through mature electrospinning and screen‐printing, a high‐performance, safe, comfortable, waterproof, breathable, economical, and reliable wearable strain sensor is simply and quickly prepared. This strain sensor has excellent repeatability and stability with remarkable sensitivity (maximum gauge factor = 520), a broad working strain range (500%), and an ultrafast response time (100 ms). Notably, the mechanical properties of the proposed strain sensor are similar to those of natural skin, making the sensor a good match to the skin. Additionally, the strain sensor has incomparable biofriendly, enabling long‐term harmless contact with the skin. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report on the optimization of flexible electronic equipment in terms of the manufacturing process, sensing performance, and wearing experience. The results of this study have important implications for the development and practical application of flexible electronics.
Association of life‐course traumatic brain injury with dementia risk: A nationwide twin study
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Yang Wenzhe , Li Xuerui , Dove Abigail , Qi Xiuying , Pan Kuan‐Yu , Xu Weili 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of life‐course traumatic brain injury (TBI) on dementia is unclear.MethodsWithin the Swedish Twin Registry (STR), 35,312 dementia‐free twins were followed for up to 18 years. TBI history was identified via medical records. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equation (GEE) and conditional logistic regression.ResultsIn multi‐adjusted GEE models, the odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of dementia was 1.27 (1.03–1.57) for TBI at any age, 1.55 (1.04–2.31) for TBI at 50 to 59 years, and 1.67 (1.12–2.49) for TBI at 60 to 69 years. Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increased dementia risk associated with TBI at age 50 to 69 years. The ORs in GEE and conditional logistic regression did not differ significantly (P = .37).DiscussionTBI, especially between ages 50 and 69 years, is associated with an increased risk of dementia, and this is exacerbated among people with CMDs. Genetic and early‐life environmental factors may not account for the TBI–dementia association.
Experimentally Validated Three‐Dimensional Modeling of Organic‐Based Sodium‐Ion Battery Electrode Manufacturing
Authors: Lombardo Teo , Lambert Fanny , Russo Roberto , Zanotto Franco M. , Frayret Christine , Toussaint Gwenaelle , Stevens Philippe , Becuwe Matthieu , Franco Alejandro A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have triggered the transition from internal combustion engine cars to electric vehicles, and are also making inroads into the grid storage sector, but the future quantity of batteries necessary poses several challenges in terms of raw material availability and sustainability. For this reason, many alternative chemistries are being proposed, such as substituting lithium with other more abundant elements, like sodium, or shifting from inorganic to organic‐based active materials, all of which require the development and testing of new chemistries. The electrode properties are not only a function of the chemistry, but also of the electrode manufacturing and resulting microstructure. In this work, we applied a three‐dimensional computational workflow, initially developed in the context of inorganic‐based electrodes for LIBs, to simulate the manufacturing of sodium‐ion battery anodes using an in‐house synthesized organic‐based active material. This computational workflow accounts for the slurry, its drying, and electrode calendering steps, and was validated by comparing simulated and experimental properties of the slurry and electrode. In addition, the calendering step was studied computationally to identify optimal electrode compressions, and the trend observed was confirmed experimentally through galvanostatic cycling in half‐cell configuration. The positive results shown here are an important demonstration of the chemistry neutrality of our manufacturing models, paving the way towards their application to both commercial and novel chemistries.
Potassium in silicon‐rich biomass wastes: A perspective of slow‐release potassium sources
Authors: Nguyen Hue T. , Nguyen Anh T.Q. , Vu Trang T.T. , Duong Lim T. , Nguyen Minh N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany plant species that are known as silicon (Si) accumulators can form a so‐called phytolith (silicified structure) within their organs. Together with organic matter, potassium (K) has also been found in phytolith structures (phytK). Annually, billions of tons of Si‐rich biomass wastes are cycled in agricultural and natural systems worldwide. However, the fate of the phytolith and its phytK have not been fully understood. This study aims to examine the dynamic release of phytK from phytoliths of reed, rice straw, maize and sugarcane leaf samples. Phytoliths obtained from the biomasses by performing heat treatment at 600 °C were used for batch kinetic experiments. The phytK was found to have 26.3 ± 10.6, 98.9 ± 17.4, 24.9 ± 14.8 and 58.8 ± 13.9 mg Kg−1 for the reed, rice straw, sugarcane and maize leaves, respectively. These phytK amounts comprised at least >45% of the total K budgets in the biomasses and they were observed to be gradually released with time. The retardation of phytK was tightly related to the dissolution rate of phytoliths. The findings highlight that phytoliths carry certain amounts of K, potentially serving as a slow‐release K source for soil and crops. Additionally, this short communication suggests a premise for the development of refinery strategies or extending the range of agronomic options for billions of tons of Si‐rich biomass wastes worldwide. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd