bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the Pharmacological Effect and Mechanism of Jinbei Oral Liquid in the Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Zhang Aijun , Zou Yixuan , Xu Qingcui , Tian Shuo , Wang Jie , Li Yilin , Dong Renchao , Zhang Liangzong , Jiang Juanjuan , Wang Lili , Tao Kai , Meng Zhaoqing , Liu Yanqiu 
Published: June 2022

Overview: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease caused by many factors, eventually resulting in lung function failure. Jinbei oral liquid (JBOL) is a traditional Chinese clinical medicine used to treat pulmonary diseases. However, the pharmacological effects and mechanism of the action of JBOL on IPF remain unclear. This study investigated the protective effects and mechanism of the action of JBOL on IPF using network pharmacology analysis, followed by in vivo and in vitro experimental validation.Methods: The components of JBOL and their targets were screened using the TCMSP database. IPF-associated genes were obtained using DisGeNET and Drugbank. The common targets of JBOL and IPF were identified with the STRING database, and a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. GO and KEGG analyses were performed. Sprague–Dawley rats were injected with bleomycin (BLM) to establish an IPF model and treated orally with JBOL at doses of 5.4, 10.8, and 21.6 ml/kg. A dose of 54 mg/kg of pirfenidone was used as a control. All rats were treated for 28 successive days. Dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cdyn), minute ventilation volume (MVV), vital capacity (VC), and lung resistance (LR) were used to evaluate the efficacy of JBOL. TGF-β–treated A549 cells were exposed to JBOL, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) changes were assessed. Western blots were performed.Results: Two hundred seventy-eight compounds and 374 targets were screened, and 103 targets related to IPF were identified. Core targets, including MAPK1 (ERK2), MAPK14 (p38), JUN, IL-6, AKT, and others, were identified by constructing a PPI network. Several pathways were involved, including the MAPK pathway. Experimentally, JBOL increased the levels of the pulmonary function indices (Cdyn, MVV, and VC) in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the RL level in the BLM-treated rats. JBOL increased the epithelial marker E-cadherin and suppressed the mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in the TGF-β–treated A549 cells. The suppression of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 phosphorylation by JBOL was validated.Conclusion: JBOL had therapeutic effects against IPF by regulating pulmonary function and EMT through a systemic network mechanism, thus supporting the need for future clinical trials of JBOL.
Central Obesity Is Associated With an Increased Rate of Multisite Pain in Older Adults
Authors: Dimino Cara , Teruya Sergio L. , Silverman Kevin D. , Mielenz Thelma J. 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveCentral obesity has been associated with several adverse health events, but little research exists about the longitudinal effects of central obesity on multisite pain. The purpose of this study was to assess if central obesity, as measured by waist circumference measurement, was associated with an increased rate of having multisite pain among older adults aged 65 years and older.DesignThe National Health and Aging Trends Study is a longitudinal cohort study initiated in 2011 and intended to be representative of Medicare beneficiaries in the contiguous United States.MethodsThere were 7,145 community-dwelling participants included in this study. Data for this study were collected annually between 2011 and 2018. Researchers assessed if waist circumference risk level was associated with an increased rate ratio of multisite pain. Weighted data were used in a multivariable generalized estimating equation model that used a log link specified with a Poisson distribution.ResultsParticipants with high-risk waist circumferences (98 cm or greater for women and 109 cm or greater for men) had a 11% higher rate of multisite pain than those with low-risk waist circumferences [rate ratio (RR) 1.11, 95% CI: 1.07–1.15] adjusting for gender, age, race, education, probable major depression, arthritis, and multimorbidity count.ConclusionAs measured by waist circumference, central adiposity is associated with multisite pain in older adults. While more research is needed, reducing waist circumference may prove beneficial in reducing the burden of multisite pain.
Quality of Internet Videos Related to Pediatric Urology in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bai Gaochen , Fu Kai , Fu Wen , Liu Guochang 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPediatric urological diseases pose serious threats to children's physical and mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in poor pediatric outcomes for cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and testicular torsion. Presently, many people tend to seek health information via social media platforms. This study aims to quantitatively assess the quality of videos as an information source for pediatric urology in mainland China.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a search was performed on social media platforms (Tiktok, Bilibili, and Weibo) with the search terms “cryptorchidism”, “hypospadias”, and “testicular torsion”. The first 30 results with any search term listed by relevance were selected in each platform. Video features (duration, number of likes, comments, and shares) and video sources were collected. Each video included in the study was assessed using DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Benchmark Criteria, and Hexagonal Radar Schema. A correlation analysis was performed considering video features, video source, DISCERN scores and JAMA scores.ResultsA total of 152 videos were included and analyzed. The majority of videos were from physicians (65.8%). According to the DISCERN classification, most videos were rated as “very poor” (48.0%) and “poor” (36.8%). The mean DISCERN and JAMA scores were 36.56 and 2.68, respectively. The duration of videos uploaded by physicians was the shortest (P &lt; 0.001). The video source had no relevance to numbers of “likes”, “comments”, “shares”, DISCERN scores, and JAMA scores (all P-values &gt; 0.05). Other than video duration (P &lt; 0.001), there was no statistically significant difference between groups for any of the recorded or calculated video data (all P values &gt; 0.05). Hexagonal Radar Charts showed the severe imbalance and deficiency of video information. In general, Tiktok videos with the shortest duration received the most numbers of “likes”, “comments”, and “shares”, whereas the overall quality of videos on Weibo was relatively high.ConclusionsDespite most of the videos on social media platforms being uploaded by medical authors, the overall quality was poor. The misleading, inaccurate and incomplete information may pose a health risk to the viewers, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Much effort needs to be undertaken to improve the quality of health-related videos regarding pediatric urology.
Microaggressions: Prevalence and Perspectives of Residents and Fellows in Post-Graduate Medical Education in Kuwait
Authors: Al Rashed Asmaa , Al Yousef Rawan , Alhouti Farah 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveMicroaggression prevalence in post-graduate medical education is unknown in Kuwait. The objective is to determine the prevalence of and capture the perspectives on microaggression among post-graduate trainees in Kuwait.Materials and MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study of an anonymous online survey targeting residents and fellows in Kuwait. Data collected included demographics, level of training, country of training, microaggression experience, types, and response. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the Chi-square test and binary logistic regression, respectively.ResultsA total of 319 participants (69.1% females) included 52% junior residents, 39.2% senior residents, and 8.78% fellows. Forty-three percent were aware of the microaggression definition. The percentage was significantly higher in respondents from Gulf/Middle East Countries (57.9%) than from Kuwait. Approximately three-quarters experienced microaggressions. Senior residents were more likely to report exposure to microaggressions [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, P &lt; 0.05] and had higher odds of exposure than juniors (OR = 9.85, P &lt; 0.05). Exposure to microaggressions was highest in surgery/surgical specialties. The most common act of microaggression was verbal, followed by invalidation/dismissal of thoughts/ideas, and then acts of discrimination. Of those who experienced microaggressions, two-thirds thought that the experience had a psychological effect on them. Both groups reported low confidence in dealing with microaggressions (Gulf/Middle East Countries 18.8% and Kuwait 30.1%); the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionsMicroaggressions are common among post-graduate medical trainees in Kuwait. Implementation of strategies to manage it is necessary. Further research on its impact on medical-training outcomes is needed.
GENÉTICA DE LA RESISTENCIA A ROYA AMARILLA EN LOS GENOTIPOS DE TRIGO HARINERO PI250413 Y C591
Authors: Rodríguez-Flores Mariana , Huerta-Espino Julio , Sandoval-Islas José Sergio , Gómez-Rodríguez Olga , Rodríguez-García María Florencia , Villaseñor-Mir Héctor Eduardo 
Published: June 2022

La roya amarilla del trigo, causada por Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, ha evolucionado rápidamente en los últimos años, ocasionando pérdidas económicas importantes en trigo harinero (Triticum aestivum L.) y macarronero (Triticum durum D.). El manejo de P. striiformis se basa en la resistencia genética, que constituye el método más económico y ambientalmente seguro. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue estimar el número de genes que condicionan la resistencia a P. striiformis en los genotipos de trigo harinero PI250413 y C591 e identificar la presencia o ausencia de los genes Yr46 y Yr67. Se generaron familias F3, F4 y F5 provenientes de la cruza Apav × PI250413 y la F3 de la cruza PI250413 × C591, mismas que fueron evaluadas bajo condiciones de campo e invernadero durante 2019 y 2020. Epidemias artificiales se crearon utilizando la raza MEX14.191 de P. striifomis. El número de genes se estimó con el uso de proporciones fenotípicas. La presencia de los genes se corroboró con marcadores moleculares SNP. El comportamiento de las familias en planta adulta y el análisis de X2 indicó la presencia de dos a tres genes. Las frecuencias de las distribuciones observadas en plántula se ajustaron a la segregación de un gen. Los resultados indicaron que PI250413 y C591 poseen resistencia de tipo cuantitativa y cualitativa. El análisis molecular confirmó la presencia de Yr46 y Yr67 en los progenitores PI250413 y C591. La combinación Yr46/Yr67 es efectiva tanto en plántula como en planta adulta y disminuye considerablemente los niveles de infección a casi inmunidad, por lo menos en PI250413 y C591; dichos genotipos son adecuados para usarse como progenitores en los programas de mejoramiento para lograr una resistencia durable a roya amarilla.
Eric Hobsbawm: The Last of the Universal Historians?
Authors: Tagliaferri Teodoro 
Published: June 2022

Drawing on a discussion of Richard J. Evans’s Eric Hobsbawm: A Live in History (2019), this article takes stock of Eric Hobsbawm’s unique role in the development of professional historiography during the second half of the twentieth century, focusing critically on the biographical and intellectual roots of his achievements in the field of world history.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Rendahnya Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR)
Authors: Rostianingsih Dewi , Yuanti Yocki , Nisa Hainun , Rustini Rustini 
Published: June 2022

Latar Belakang: Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) merupakan suatu alat kontrasepsi yang dimasukkan dalam rahim terbuat dari bahan polyethyline dilengkapi dengan benang nylon sehingga mudah dikeluarkan dari rahim. Menurut Data Statistik Sektoral Kabupaten Karawang pemakaian AKDR sebanyak 5,6 %. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor - faktor yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim (AKDR) di Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB) Rustini Karawang tahun 2021. Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional. Populasi yang diteliti adalah akseptor KB yang berkunjung ke PMB Rustini dan bersedia menjadi responden. Sampel yang diambil sebanyak 79 responden dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis univariat dan bivariat (uji chi square).Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (p= 0.003) dengan rendahnya pemakaian AKDR (P Value > 0,05), Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara umur (p= 0.320), paritas (p= 1,000), pekerjaan (p= 1,000), dukungan suami (p= 1,000), pemberian informasi (p= 1,000) dengan rendahnya pemakaian AKDR (P Value < 0,05). Kesimpulan: Proporsi pemakaian AKDR di PMB Rustini masih sangat rendah yaitu sebanyak 5,1%. Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan rendahnya pemakaian AKDR, adapun yang tidak terdapat hubungan dengan rendahnya pemakaian AKDR yaitu umur, paritas, pekerjaan, dukungan suami dan sumber informasi.
IDENTIFIKASI PEMAHAMAN MAHASISWA TERHADAP BESARAN VEKTOR DAN BESARAN SKALAR PADA KONSEP MOMENTUM DAN ENERGI
Authors: Supardi Supardi , Poerwono Pradanto , Kaban Hadir , Cahyati Nilam 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan awal mahasiswa mengenai besaran vektor dan skalar pada konsep momentum dan energi. Bentuk penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode campuran. Populasinya adalah seluruh mahasiswa yang mengikuti Kompetisi Olimpiade Fisika tingkat Universitas Sriwijaya tahun 2021 pada bidang Fisika dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpuan data yang digunakan adalah metode tes. Pada tes ini juga disertakan tingkat keyakinan mahasiswa dalam menjawab soal dan alasan memberikan jawaban. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 60% mahasiswa menjawab pertanyaan dengan salah. Hal ini menunjukkan ketidakpahaman mahasiswa terhadap konsep, terutama pada operasi perkalian antara besaran vektor dan besaran skalar ataupun sesama besaran vektor. Kurangnya rasa kepercayaan diri akan kemampuan yang dimiliki oleh mahasiswa, juga menyebabkan kesalahan.
CRIANÇAS, INFÂNCIAS E A PEDAGOGIA DO DESEMPAREDAMENTO: COMPREENSÕES DE PROFESSORAS EM TURMAS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL EM UMA ESCOLA DO CAMPO
Authors: Hahn Rodrigues Andrieli Taís , Schneiders Angélica Tais , Emmel Rúbia 
Published: June 2022

A pesquisa teve como objetivo geral: compreender as concepções e relações entre crianças, infâncias e natureza de professoras em turmas de Educação Infantil em uma Escola do Campo. Se caracteriza como narrativa tendo uma abordagem qualitativa, como contexto da pesquisa teve-se uma Escola da Rede Municipal de Ensino, caracterizada como escola do campo, de um município da Região Noroeste no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, que possui turmas de Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental. Sendo que os sujeitos da pesquisa foram duas professoras da Educação Infantil e uma coordenadora pedagógica. A produção de dados ocorreu a partir de um questionário desenvolvido na plataforma google forms. O questionário era composto por vinte e uma (21) perguntas, sendo catorze (14) no formato de sentenças afirmativas de respostas, haviam sete (7) questões de múltipla escolha. As análises de dados foram expressas a partir de três categorias elaboradas. A partir da análise dos dados coletados, relacionados ao referencial teórico da área, foi possível refletir os benefícios de uma Educação Infantil que considera o desemparedamento da infância nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem, pois para se desenvolver integralmente as práticas pedagógicas com crianças, precisam ir além das paredes da sala de aula.
Мовностилістичні особливості оповідання остапа вишні «Веселі артисти»
Authors: Шевчук Тамара , Ткачук Ольга 
Published: June 2022

У статті акцентовано увагу на одному з пріоритетних напрямів сучасної лінгвістики – дослідженні ідіостилю письменника. Підкреслено, що вивчення мови художника слова дозволяє простежити взаємозв’язок літературної мови і мови художньої літератури, продемонструвати можливості функціонування загальнонародної мови в певний період життя людей, хоча у процесі творчості кожен письменник створює власний мовний світ, який відображає його світо­бачення й світосприйняття, загальну культуру тощо.
Проаналізовано мовностилістичні особливості оповідання Остапа Вишні (Павла Губенка) «Веселі артисти», визначено специфіку творчої манери автора, відбору ним лінгвістичного матеріалу в процесі вербального зображення подій, процесів, героїв тощо – такої фантастичної реальності, якою її бачить письменник. Наголошено, що в тексті оповідання природно переплелися елементи різних функціональних стилів – художнього, публіцистичного, наукового, розмовного, що не впливає на злитість, нерозривність змісту твору.
Визначено мовностилістичні засоби: метафори, персоніфікації, терміни, слова з емоційними відтінками значень, експресивно забарвлені слова, вигуки та звуконаслідувальні слова, за допомогою яких автор описує події, створює яскраві образи, надає тексту емоційності та досконалості.
Виокремлено дотепні й художньо неповторні діалоги як один з основних засобів характеристики й оцінки персонажів. Зазначено, що саме діалогам притаманні неоднозначність, життєво-змістова наповненість, колоритність, адже в них – не лише безпосередня інформація про маленького артиста, обставини дії, ситуацію, а й авторська оцінка зображуваного.
Мовностилістичні засоби, дібрані Остапом Вишнею для творення словесних картин оповідання «Веселі артисти», посилюють увагу читача до певного виразу, слова, вербально зображеної галереї художніх образів артистів цирку. Звичні для кожного лексеми у тексті набувають нових значень, відтінків, а в результаті діти отримують нові враження, захоплюються героями твору та їхніми виступами.
Комплексна система виховання в українській школі
Authors: Гавлітіна Тетяна 
Published: June 2022

У статті розкрито сутність дослідження системи виховання в українській школі з урахуванням розвитку європейського освітнього простору, представлено рекомендації щодо створення комплексної системи виховання у закладі загальної середньої освіти, завдяки якій закладається бажана концепція інноваційного розвитку виховання. Системоутворювальним фактором створення такої системи є об’єднання її елементів, компонентів, підсистем в єдине ціле заради досягнення важливої виховної мети – розвитку національно свідомої та духовно-моральної особистості.
Підсумком представленого експерименту стало створення таких моделей виховних систем закладів загальної середньої освіти, як: школа суб’єкт-суб’єктної взаємодії; школа виховання особистості інноваційного типу на основі позитивних цінностей; школа духовно-морального зростання; школа виховання етнокомпетентної особистості; школа екології здоров’я; школа соціально-педагогічних ініціатив; школа життєво активної компетентної особистості; школа нового вибору; школа патріотичного зростання; школа життєвого вчинку; школа життєвих цінностей; школа академічно-аматорського мистецтва; школа соціально-активного громадянина-патріота. Такий підхід враховує не лише впорядкованість діяльності щодо реалізації Регіональної програми національного виховання дітей та учнівської молоді Рівненської області, що забезпечує її цілісність і взаємодію підсистем, компонентів, суб’єктів і об’єктів виховного процесу, а й особливості змістово-технологічного забезпечення ефективності її функціонування та розвитку в означеному освітньо-виховному середовищі.
A Deadly Spontaneus Hemopneumothorax: A Case Report
Authors: Karim Chan Muhammad Zulfikar , Kelly Christy  , Herman Darmawan  , Brilliant Bergant  
Published: June 2022

Background: Spontaneous hemopneumothorax (SHP) is a subtype of hemopneumothorax in which there is an accumulation of blood and air in the pleural space without trauma or other definitive cause. Spontaneous hemopneumothorax is a rare disease.
Case presentation: A man, aged 32 years, came with a complaint of sudden shortness of breath due to a right hemopneumothorax patient who was put on a chest tube insertion. It looked like 1500 cc of blood came out accompanied by an air component. Next, the chest tube is connected to the water-sealed drainage. The patient found a decrease in Hb from 15 mg/dl to 12 mg/dl. In the next nine hours, the patient's Hb became 10 mg/dl. As a result of this condition, the patient underwent an emergency thoracotomy to evaluate the source of bleeding, where the patient's source bleeding was found to be an arterial vein malformation (AVM) at the apex of the lung attached to the chest wall. Anatomical and pathological examination showed confirmed arterial vein malformation.
Conclusion: Spontaneous hemopneumothorax, in this case, is a rare case caused by arterial-vein malformation. The right decision in patient management will determine the outcome and outcome of the treatment given.
Magnetic Field Observations in the Very Local Interstellar Medium by Voyagers 1 and 2
Authors: Burlaga L. F. , Ness N. F. , Berdichevsky D. B. , Jian L. K. , Kurth W. , Park J. , Rankin J. , Szabo A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Observations of the magnetic field
B
in the very local interstellar medium (VLISM) were made by Voyager 1 (V1) in the northern hemisphere from 2012 to mid-2021 and by Voyager 2 (V2) in the southern hemisphere from 2018 through 2020. Near 2019.4, V2 observed an abrupt increase in B associated with a pressure front near the heliopause. During 2020, V2 observed an abrupt increase in B at a jump in B that was preceded by electron plasma oscillations and cosmic rays, indicating that it was a shock. The shock was followed by a decrease in B ending ∼50 days later. V2 observed large-scale waves in all three components of
B
, before and after the shock. The largest- and intermediate-amplitude waves were in the BN and BR component, respectively, indicating that the waves were predominantly transverse several au from the heliopause. It was shown previously that waves near the heliopause were predominantly longitudinal at V1 and V2. Thus, V2 observed a mode transformation process within 10 au of the heliopause in the southern hemisphere, like that observed by V1 in the northern hemisphere. The elevation and azimuthal angles observed by V1 and V2 varied linearly with increasing distance in the VLISM. Voyager 1 observed jumps in B at two shocks and a pressure front, each followed by a decrease in B in a ramp. V1 also observed a fourth jump in B, at 2020.4, but B continued to increase until at least year 2021.5. This long-lasting increase in B was not anticipated.