bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac MRI predictors of adverse outcomes in adults with a systemic right ventricle
Authors: Lewis Matthew J. , Van Dissel Alexandra , Kochav Jonathan , DiLorenzo Michael P. , Ginns Jonathan , Zemer‐Wassercug Noa , Groenink Maarten , Mulder Barbara , Rosenbaum Marlon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsPredicting risk in individuals with a systemic right ventricle (SRV) remains difficult. We assessed the value of cardiac MRI (CMR) for predicting death, heart transplantation (HT), or need for a ventricular assist device (VAD) in adults with D‐transposition of the great arteries (DTGA) post Mustard/Senning and in adults with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) at two large academic centres.Methods and resultsBetween December 1999 and November 2020, 158 adult patients with an SRV underwent CMR. Indexed right ventricular end‐diastolic volume (RVEDVI), indexed right ventricular end‐systolic volume (RVESVI), right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), and right ventricular mass (RV mass) were determined by a core laboratory. Receiver operating curves, area under the curve (AUC), and cut‐points maximizing sensitivity and specificity for the endpoint for each CMR parameter were calculated. Over a median of 8.5 years, 21 patients (13%) met a combined endpoint of HT referral, VAD, or death. Each CMR parameter was significantly associated with the endpoint in both cohorts. The AUCs for RVEDVI, RVESVI, RVEF, and RV mass to predict the endpoint were 0.93, 0.90, 0.73, and 0.84 for DTGA and 0.76, 0.74, 0.71, and 0.74 for ccTGA, respectively. Optimized cut‐points for RVEDVI were calculated for DTGA and ccTGA and were 132 and 126 mL/m2, respectively. RVEDVI cut‐points were simplified to 130 mL/m2 for survival analysis, which was significantly associated with survival in both cohorts.ConclusionsCardiac MRI parameters are associated with an increased risk of death, HT, or VAD in patients with an SRV and should be considered to facilitate risk stratification.
Blood pressure trajectories in early adulthood and myocardial structure and function in later life
Authors: Zhou Haobin , Zhang Hao , Zhan Qiong , Bai Yujia , Liu Shenrong , Yang Xi , Li Jiaying , Ma Zhuang , Huang Xingfu , Zeng Qingchun , Ren Hao , Xu Dingli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsThis study sought to investigate the association between blood pressure (BP) trajectories from early to middle adulthood and echocardiographic indices of structure and function in middle age.Methods and resultsThis prospective cohort study included 4717 black and white adults aged 18–30 years at baseline (1985–86) who were followed over 30 years in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Trajectories of systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) from the Year 0 examination to Year 30 examination were identified using latent mixture modelling. Echocardiographic indices of myocardial structure, systolic function, and diastolic function were assessed at the Year 30 examination. Five distinct SBP trajectory groups were identified: low‐stable [1110 participants (23.5%)], moderate‐stable [2188 (46.4%)], high‐stable [850 (18.0%)], moderate‐increasing [416 (8.8%)], and high‐increasing [153 (3.2%)]. After adjustment for clinical variables, a significant decreasing trend was observed from the high‐increasing and moderate‐increasing groups through to the low‐stable group for left ventricular (LV) mass index [mean (SE): high‐increasing, 112.3 (3.4); moderate‐increasing, 99.3 (2.6); high‐stable, 88.9 (2.5); moderate‐stable, 86.1 (2.3); low‐stable, 82.1 (2.4), P trend < 0.01], as well as LV end‐diastolic dimension, left atrial volume index, and E/e′, while an increasing trend was apparent for LV longitudinal strain, E/A ratio, and average e′ velocities. Results were generally consistent for trajectories of DBP and PP.ConclusionsHigher BP trajectories from early to middle adulthood were associated with worse indices of myocardial modelling and LV systolic and diastolic function at middle age.
Associations between aflatoxin B1‐albumin adduct levels with metabolic conditions in Guatemala: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Alvarez Christian S. , Rivera‐Andrade Alvaro , Kroker‐Lobos María F. , Florio Andrea A. , Smith Joshua W. , Egner Patricia A. , Freedman Neal D. , Lazo Mariana , Guallar Eliseo , Dean Michael , Graubard Barry I. , Ramírez‐Zea Manuel , McGlynn Katherine A. , Groopman John D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMetabolic conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly prevalent in Guatemala and increase the risk for a number of disorders, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) levels are also notably elevated in the population and are known to be associated with HCC risk. Whether AFB1 also contributes to the high prevalence of the metabolic disorders has not been previously examined. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the association between AFB1 and the metabolic conditions.MethodsFour‐hundred twenty‐three individuals were included in the study, in which AFB1‐albumin adduct levels were measured in sera. Metabolic conditions included diabetes, obesity, central obesity, metabolic syndrome, and NAFLD. Crude and adjusted prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated for the associations between the metabolic conditions and AFB1‐albumin adduct levels categorized into quartiles.ResultsThe study found a significant association between AFB1‐albumin adduct levels and diabetes (Q4 vs Q1 POR = 3.74, 95%CI: 1.71‐8.19; P‐trend .003). No associations were observed between AFB1‐albumin adduct levels and the other conditions.ConclusionsAs diabetes is the metabolic condition most consistently linked to HCC, the possible association between AFB1 exposure and diabetes may be of public health importance. Further studies are warranted to replicate the findings and examine potential mechanisms.
Alcohol metabolism genes and risks of site‐specific cancers in Chinese adults: An 11‐year prospective study
Authors: Im Pek Kei , Yang Ling , Kartsonaki Christiana , Chen Yiping , Guo Yu , Du Huaidong , Lin Kuang , Kerosi Rene , Hacker Alex , Liu Jingchao , Yu Canqing , Lv Jun , Walters Robin G. , Li Liming , Chen Zhengming , Millwood Iona Y. ,   the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Collaborative Group
Published: January 2022

AbstractTwo genetic variants that alter alcohol metabolism, ALDH2‐rs671 and ADH1B‐rs1229984, can modify oesophageal cancer risk associated with alcohol consumption in East Asians, but their associations with other cancers remain uncertain. ALDH2‐rs671 G>A and ADH1B‐rs1229984 G>A were genotyped in 150 722 adults, enrolled from 10 areas in China during 2004 to 2008. After 11 years' follow‐up, 9339 individuals developed cancer. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for site‐specific cancers associated with these genotypes, and their potential interactions with alcohol consumption. Overall, the A‐allele frequency was 0.21 for ALDH2‐rs671 and 0.69 for ADH1B‐rs1229984, with A‐alleles strongly associated with lower alcohol consumption. Among men, ALDH2‐rs671 AA genotype was associated with HR of 0.69 (95% confidence interval: 0.53‐0.90) for IARC alcohol‐related cancers (n = 1900), compared to GG genotype. For ADH1B‐rs1229984, the HRs of AG and AA vs GG genotype were 0.80 (0.69‐0.93) and 0.75 (0.64‐0.87) for IARC alcohol‐related cancers, 0.61 (0.39‐0.96) and 0.61 (0.39‐0.94) for head and neck cancer (n = 196) and 0.68 (0.53‐0.88) and 0.60 (0.46‐0.78) for oesophageal cancer (n = 546). There were no significant associations of these genotypes with risks of liver (n = 651), colorectal (n = 556), stomach (n = 725) or lung (n = 1135) cancers. Among male drinkers, the risks associated with higher alcohol consumption were greater among ALDH2‐rs671 AG than GG carriers for head and neck, oesophageal and lung cancers (Pinteraction < .02). Among women, only 2% drank alcohol regularly, with no comparable associations observed between genotype and cancer. These findings support the causal effects of alcohol consumption on upper aerodigestive tract cancers, with ALDH2‐rs671 AG genotype further exacerbating the risks.
The association between bromodomain proteins and cancer stemness in different solid tumor types
Authors: Czerwinska Patrycja , Jaworska Anna Maria , Wlodarczyk Nikola Agata , Cisek Małgorzata , Karwacka Marianna , Lipowicz Julia , Ostapowicz Julia , Rosochowicz Monika , Mackiewicz Andrzej Adam 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCancer stemness, which covers the stem cell‐like molecular traits of cancer cells, is essential for tumor development, progression and relapse. Both transcriptional and epigenetic aberrations are essentially connected with cancer stemness. The engagement of bromodomain (BrD) proteins—a family of epigenetic factors—has been presented in the pathogenesis of several tumor types, although their association with cancer stemness remains largely unknown. Here, we harnessed TCGA and GEO databases and used several bioinformatic tools (ie, Oncomine, PrognoScan, GEPIA2, TIMER2.0, TISIDB, GSEA, R2 platform) to characterize the association between the BrD family members' expression and cancer stemness in solid tumors. Our results demonstrate that significant upregulation of ATAD2 and SMARCA4, and downregulation of SMARCA2 is consistently associated with enriched cancer stem cell‐like phenotype, respectively. Especially, higher‐grade tumors that display stem cell‐like properties overexpress ATAD2. In contrast to most BrD members, the gene expression profiles of ATAD2HIGH expressing tumors are strongly enriched with known markers of stem cells and with specific targets for c‐Myc transcription factor. For other BrD proteins, the association with cancer de‐differentiation status is rather tumor‐specific. Our results demonstrate for the first time the relation between distinct BrD family proteins and cancer stemness across 27 solid tumor types. Specifically, our approach allowed us to discover a robust association of high ATAD2 expression with cancer stemness and reveal its' versatility in tumors. As bromodomains are attractive targets from a chemical and structural perspective, we propose ATAD2 as a novel druggable target for de‐differentiated tumors, especially those overexpressing MYC.
IFRS 8 and the cost of capital in Europe
Authors: Saleh Ahmed , Aboud Ahmed , Eliwa Yasser 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study examines segment reporting information usefulness after the adoption of IFRS 8 in 18 European Union countries. Specifically, 1) we introduce a new comprehensive measure of segment reporting quality that reflects four different dimensions of segment information, 2) we investigate the impact of segment reporting quality on the cost of equity and debt capital after the adoption of IFRS 8, and 3) we investigate the moderating role of the country‐level enforcement system on the association between segment reporting quality and the cost of equity and debt capital after the adoption of IFRS 8. Using a self‐constructed segment reporting quality measure and a sample of 884 firm‐year observations over the period of 2007 to 2011, we provide evidence that investors and lending institutions find no change in the usefulness of segment reporting after the adoption of IFRS 8. Our study is original in using a comprehensive measure of segment reporting quality. Furthermore, our study is the first to examine the relationship between segment reporting quality and the cost of debt capital after the adoption of IFRS 8 and the moderating role of the country‐level enforcement system. Our findings provide useful insights to regulator and accounting standard‐setting bodies about segment reporting.
Red blood cell distribution width: A severity indicator in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Wang Zhong‐hua , Fu Bing‐qi , Lin Ying‐wen , Wei Xue‐biao , Geng Heng , Guo Wei‐xin , Yuan Hui‐qing , Liao You‐wan , Qin Tie‐he , Li Fei , Wang Shou‐hong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRed blood cell distribution width (RDW) was frequently assessed in COVID‐19 infection and reported to be associated with adverse outcomes. However, there was no consensus regarding the optimal cutoff value for RDW. Records of 98 patients with COVID‐19 from the First People's Hospital of Jingzhou were reviewed. They were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value for RDW on admission by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis: ≤11.5% (n = 50) and >11.5% (n = 48). The association of RDW with the severity and outcomes of COVID‐19 was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic curve indicated that the RDW was a good discrimination factor for identifying COVID‐19 severity (area under the curve = 0.728, 95% CI: 0.626–0.830, p < 0.001). Patients with RDW > 11.5% more frequently suffered from critical COVID‐19 than those with RDW ≤ 11.5% (62.5% vs. 26.0%, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed RDW to be an independent predictor for critical illness due to COVID‐19 (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.27−4.55, p = 0.007). A similar result was obtained when we included RDW > 11.5% into another model instead of RDW as a continuous variable (OR = 5.41, 95% CI: 1.53−19.10, p = 0.009). RDW, as an inexpensive and routinely measured parameter, showed promise as a predictor for critical illness in patients with COVID‐19 infection. RDW > 11.5% could be the optimal cutoff to discriminate critical COVID‐19 infection.
Tannins as interphase corrosion inhibitors for aluminum in near‐neutral chloride solutions
Authors: Byrne Christian , D'Alessandro Oriana , Deyá Cecilia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe addition of tara and quebracho colorado tannins remarkably reduces the corrosion rate of aluminum in near‐neutral and naturally aerated NaCl solutions. The experimental results (potentiodynamic polarization curves, corrosion potential measurements, scanning electron microscopy–energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy [SEM‐EDS] analysis on exposed surfaces) show that both tannins behave as a mixed‐type corrosion inhibitor of aluminum. In the absence of tannins, the SEM‐EDS analysis of the exposed samples demonstrates the accumulation of corrosion products and the existence of chlorinated compounds adsorbed on the metal surface. In the samples immersed in both tannins solutions, a more homogenous and compact layer is formed over the aluminum surface. Furthermore, in these layers chlorine was not found, revealing a high blocking capacity of the chloride adsorption when the tannins are present. Taking into account these findings, an inhibitory mechanism of aluminum corrosion is proposed. This mechanism is interphase inhibition, which involves the adsorption and incorporation of tannin molecules during the corrosion products passive layer formation, resulting in a protective three‐dimensional structure that retards both anodic and cathodic reactions.
Differential Phospho‐Signatures in Blood Cells Identify LRRK2 G2019S Carriers in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Garrido Alicia , Santamaría Enrique , Fernández‐Irigoyen Joaquín , Soto Marta , Simonet Cristina , Fernández Manel , Obiang Donina , Tolosa Eduardo , Martí María‐José , Padmanabhan Shalini , Malagelada Cristina , Ezquerra Mario , Fernández‐Santiago Rubén 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinicopathological phenotype of G2019S LRRK2‐associated Parkinson's disease (L2PD) is similar to idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD), and G2019S LRRK2 nonmanifesting carriers (L2NMCs) are at increased risk for development of PD. With various therapeutic strategies in the clinical and preclinical pipeline, there is an urgent need to identify biomarkers that can aid early diagnosis and patient enrichment for ongoing and future LRRK2‐targeted trials.ObjectiveThe objective of this work was to investigate differential protein and phospho‐protein changes related to G2019S mutant LRRK2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from G2019S L2PD patients and G2019S L2NMCs, identify specific phospho‐protein changes associated with the G2019S mutation and with disease status, and compare findings with patients with iPD.MethodsWe performed an unbiased phospho‐proteomic study by isobaric label–based mass spectrometry using peripheral blood mononuclear cell group pools from a LRRK2 cohort from Spain encompassing patients with G2019S L2PD (n = 20), G2019S L2NMCs (n = 20), healthy control subjects (n = 30), patients with iPD (n = 15), patients with R1441G L2PD (n = 5), and R1441G L2NMCs (n = 3) (total N = 93).ResultsComparing G2019S carriers with healthy controls, we identified phospho‐protein changes associated with the G2019S mutation. Moreover, we uncovered a specific G2019S phospho‐signature that changes with disease status and can discriminate patients with G2019S L2PD, G2019S L2NMCs, and healthy controls. Although patients with iPD showed a differential phospho‐proteomic profile, biological enrichment analyses revealed similar changes in deregulated pathways across the three groups.ConclusionsWe found a differential phospho‐signature associated with LRRK2 G2019S for which, consistent with disease status, the phospho‐profile from PD at‐risk G2019S L2NMCs was more similar to healthy controls than patients with G2019S L2PD with the manifested disease. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Epitaxially crystallized polyethylene exhibiting near‐equilibrium melting temperatures*
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Liu Jason X. , Gu Kaichen , Soman Anishkumar , Gu Tingyi , Arnold Craig B. , Register Richard A. , Loo Yueh‐Lin , Priestley Rodney D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe morphology and orientation of polymer crystals are important factors which determine the performance of thin‐film, polymer‐based technologies such as organic electronic devices and gas separation membranes. Here, we utilize polymer‐substrate epitaxy to achieve a highly oriented crystalline morphology during thin‐film processing. To accomplish this, we employ matrix‐assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE), a slow physical vapor deposition process, to deposit linear polyethylene epitaxially atop a graphene substrate. Via MAPLE, we demonstrate the ability to achieve a film morphology comprised of well‐aligned, edge‐on crystalline lamellae. Furthermore, we show that MAPLE can be exploited to grow crystalline lamellae composed entirely of extended polymer chains which exhibit a near‐equilibrium melting temperature. Our study demonstrates that MAPLE, as a bottom‐up approach, can deposit polymer thin films with improved control over crystalline morphology.
Anionic ring‐opening polymerization behavior of trans‐cyclohexene carbonate using metal tert‐butoxides: Construction of living anionic ring‐opening polymerization by lithium tert‐butoxide
Authors: Kawamoto Masato , Mori Yasuyuki , Tsuge Akihiko , Endo Takeshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnionic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) behavior of trans‐cyclohexene carbonate (CHC) using metal alkoxides as initiators was investigated. As a result, lithium tert‐butoxide‐initiated ROP of CHC with a high‐monomer concentration (10 M) at low temperature (−15 to −10°C) proceeded to afford a poly(trans‐cyclohexene carbonate) (PCHC) without undesired side reactions such as mainly backbiting. The suppression of side reactions enables the control of the molecular weight (Mn = 2400–6100) of PCHC with low molar‐mass dispersity values (Mw/Mn = 1.16–1.22). Furthermore, by increasing the feed ratio of the monomer to the initiator, the molecular weight increases proportionally, indicating a controllable polymerization. The results of a matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry analysis, a kinetic study, and a chain extension experiment suggested a living nature of this ROP using lithium tert‐butoxide.
Structures of plasmepsin X from Plasmodium falciparum reveal a novel inactivation mechanism of the zymogen and molecular basis for binding of inhibitors in mature enzyme
Authors: Kesari Pooja , Deshmukh Anuradha , Pahelkar Nikhil , Suryawanshi Abhishek B. , Rathore Ishan , Mishra Vandana , Dupuis John H. , Xiao Huogen , Gustchina Alla , Abendroth Jan , Labaied Mehdi , Yada Rickey Y. , Wlodawer Alexander , Edwards Thomas E. , Lorimer Donald D. , Bhaumik Prasenjit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlasmodium falciparum plasmepsin X (PfPMX), involved in the invasion and egress of this deadliest malarial parasite, is essential for its survival and hence considered as an important drug target. We report the first crystal structure of PfPMX zymogen containing a novel fold of its prosegment. A unique twisted loop from the prosegment and arginine 244 from the mature enzyme is involved in zymogen inactivation; such mechanism, not previously reported, might be common for apicomplexan proteases similar to PfPMX. The maturation of PfPMX zymogen occurs through cleavage of its prosegment at multiple sites. Our data provide thorough insights into the mode of binding of a substrate and a potent inhibitor 49c to PfPMX. We present molecular details of inactivation, maturation, and inhibition of PfPMX that should aid in the development of potent inhibitors against pepsin‐like aspartic proteases from apicomplexan parasites.
CircFAM64A enhances cellular processes in triple‐negative breast cancer by targeting the miR‐149‐5p/CDT1 axis
Authors: Maimaiti Yusufu , Zhang Ning , Zhang Yunke , Zhou Jing , Song Haiping , Wang Shuntao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer subtype without targeted treatment options. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the roles of circular RNAs in cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of circFAM64A in TNBC. The GSE101124 dataset from the GEO database was examined to identify the differentially expressed circular RNAs in TNBC. RT‐qPCR and western blot analyses were performed to measure gene expression. TNBC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle were assessed using cell counting kit‐8, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell invasion experiments. Bioinformatics analysis, RIP, RNA pulldown, and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the regulatory mechanism of circFAM64A. In this study, CircFAM64A expression was significantly upregulated in TNBC tissues and cells compared with normal tissues and cells. Overexpression of circFAM64A increased the proliferative, migratory, and invasive capacities of TNBC cells and promoted cell cycle progression. Mechanistically, circFAM64A acted as a molecular sponge for miR‐149‐5p, and miR‐149‐5p directly targeted the Cdc10‐dependent transcript 1 (CDT1) 3′UTR. Moreover, the high expression of CDT1 is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. Rescue experiments demonstrated that circFAM64A sponged miR‐149‐5p to increase CDT1 expression, thereby promoting cellular processes in TNBC. Overall, CircFAM64A plays an oncogenic role in TNBC by interacting with miR‐149‐5p to increase CDT1 expression.