bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal erythrocyte fatty acid composition as a predictive marker for pregnancy health
Authors: Fayezi Shabnam , Mehdizadeh Amir , Germeyer Ariane , Strowitzki Thomas , Fayyazpour Parisa , Nowrouzi Zahra , Zarezadeh Reza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPregnancy is accompanied by a surge in demand for fatty acids (FAs) in order to support maternal health, as well as fetal growth and development. Of particular demand is essential for long‐chain polyunsaturated FAs. FAs are primarily obtained from dietary sources and are distributed in the body. In comparison with the use of self‐reporting approaches, measuring the FA levels within different blood compartments can present a more accurate image of nutritional, and thus tissue, FA composition. Hence, the FA profile of plasma or serum is commonly used for physiological analyses. Nevertheless, plasma and serum FAs are not yet incorporated into cell membranes, and consequently may not be a suitable reflection of the FA status of body tissues. The evaluation of erythrocyte FA levels offers a superior possibility for the following reasons: the biological fluctuation of erythrocyte FA composition is low, phospholipids account for almost all the lipid content of erythrocytes, and the FA profiles of erythrocytes represent those of tissues. Here, we elaborate on whether the status of maternal erythrocyte FAs can serve as a prognostic biomarker for reproductive health and fetomaternal complications, including embryonic and fetoplacental development, gestational length, and preeclampsia. In addition, factors with the potential of altering the maternal erythrocyte FAs such as maternal diet, lifestyle habits, genetics, and body composition are discussed.
Immune‐related gene signature predicts clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Xu Qiang , Cao Dedong , Fang Bin , Yan Siqi , Hu Yu , Guo Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe immune response in the bone marrow microenvironment has implications for progression and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, few immune‐related biomarkers for AML prognosis and immunotherapy response have been identified. We aimed to establish a predictive gene signature and to explore the determinants of prognosis in AML.MethodsImmune‐related genes with clinical significance were screened by a weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. Seven immune‐related genes were used to establish a gene signature by a multivariate Cox regression analysis. Based on the signature, low‐ and high‐risk groups were compared with respect to the immune microenvironment, immune checkpoints, pathway activities, and mutation frequencies. The tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) method was used to predict the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. The Connectivity Map database was used to explore small‐molecule drugs expected to treat high‐risk populations.ResultsA seven‐gene prognostic signature was used to classify patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups. Prognosis was poorer for patients in the former than in the latter. The high‐risk group displayed higher levels of immune checkpoint molecules (LAG3, PD‐1, CTLA4, PD‐L2, and PD‐L1), immune cell infiltration (dendritic cells, T helper 1, and gamma delta T), and somatic mutations (NPM1 and RUNX1). Moreover, hematopoietic stem cell/leukemia stem cell pathways were enriched in the high‐risk phenotype. Compared with that in the low‐risk group, the lower TIDE score for the high‐risk group implied that this group is more likely to benefit from ICB therapy. Finally, some drugs (FLT3 inhibitors and BCL inhibitors) targeting the expression profiles associated with the high‐risk group were generated using Connectivity Map.ConclusionThe newly developed immune‐related gene signature is an effective biomarker for predicting prognosis in AML and provides a basis, from an immunological perspective, for the development of comprehensive therapeutic strategies.
Understanding the landscape of community college transfer in North Carolina
Authors: Worsham Rachel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBeginning with the revision of the existing Comprehensive Articulation Agreement (CAA) in 2014, North Carolina policymakers have implemented several articulation agreements that create structured pathways between two‐ and four‐year colleges. The purpose of this article is to detail the demographic makeup and post‐transfer outcomes of transfer students in North Carolina. This article will help policymakers and practitioners identify areas in which they can help facilitate successful transfer and eventual bachelor's degree attainment.
Engineering community college transfer pathways through pre‐transfer programs
Authors: Grote Dustin M. , Richardson Amy J. , Glisson Hannah E. , Knight David B. , Lee Walter C. , Watford Bevlee A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCommunity college scholars and practitioners consistently seek ways to support vertical transfer from community colleges to four‐year institutions. An emerging practice to streamline coursework transfer is the use of tailored, intrusive pre‐transfer advising to increase information access for students still enrolled at the community college. In this article, we explore how one pre‐transfer program—the Virginia Tech Network for Engineering Transfer Students (VT‐NETS)—improved the transfer pathway in engineering through early integration programming and advising structures that help to streamline vertical transfer. Using a quasi‐experimental design, we compare the experience of transfer students who participated in VT‐NETS with transfer students that did not participate in the pre‐transfer program. Based on our findings, we make practical recommendations that may be useful to community colleges and university partners seeking to establish, improve, or scale up early‐integration programs for prospective transfer students.
Using shared governance to advance completion and transfer
Authors: Salomon‐Fernández Yves 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article explores shared governance in advancing access, completion, and transfer. Shared governance is a critical vehicle for consultation and collective decision‐making in higher education. It is the structure and process through which priorities are set and decisions are made in academic institutions. The demographic cliff facing higher education across most of the country for admissions demands coordination and collaboration among stakeholders to ensure the sustainability of institutions. Additionally, to address the completion and transfer challenges, presidents need to engage stakeholders including trustees, students, faculty, and staff to identify and implement related strategic priorities. The article calls for constructive engagement of unions in advancing these priorities through legislative advocacy for funding and collaboration on student enrollment and persistence efforts. The 2020 pandemic highlighted how well college stakeholders can mobilize and respond to a crisis. The demographic threat most institutions are facing calls for the same level of organization and response.
Effect of Thermal Treatment on Nickel‐Cobalt Electrocatalysts for Glycerol Oxidation
Authors: Andreu Teresa , Mallafré Maria , Molera Martí , Sarret Maria , Oriol Roger , Sirés Ignasi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractNickel‐cobalt electrocatalysts with atomic ratios of 2 : 1 and 1 : 2 were synthesized on nickel foam (NF) substrates by cathodic electrodeposition, further evaluating the performance of the pristine and thermally‐treated materials as anodes for glycerol oxidation in alkaline medium. The electrodes were characterized by cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry at alkaline pH, showing an indirect oxidation of glycerol mediated by the metal oxyhydroxides. Under the selected conditions, a favourable potential window of 0.2 V upon comparison of water and glycerol oxidation was found. In addition, the increase in nickel content and the thermal treatment enhanced the anode polarization. After galvanostatic electrolysis at 10 mA cm−2, the products were analysed by HPLC, formate ion being the primary product, with a faradaic efficiency (FE) higher than 70 % in most cases. Both the FE to formate and the glycerol conversion were substantially enhanced using the thermally‐treated anodes, whereas the effect of the Ni/Co ratio on these two parameters did not follow a clear trend.
Development of a Fully Continuous‐Flow Approach Towards Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Tetrahydroprotoberberine Natural Alkaloids
Authors: Li Weijian , Jiang Meifen , Liu Minjie , Ling Xu , Xia Yingqi , Wan Li , Chen Fener 
Published: March 2022

AbstractContinuous flow synthetic technologies had been widely applied in the total synthesis in the past few decades. Fully continuous flow synthesis is still extremely focused on multi‐step synthesis of complex natural pharmaceutical molecules. Thus, the development of fully continuous flow total synthesis of natural products is in demand but challenging. Herein, we demonstrated the first fully continuous flow approach towards asymmetric total synthesis of natural tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids, (−)‐isocanadine, (−)‐tetrahydropseudocoptisine, (−)‐stylopine and (−)‐nandinine. This method features a concise linear sequence involving four chemical transformations and three on‐line work‐up processing in an integrated flow platform, without any intermediate purification. The overall yield and enantioselectivity of this four‐step continuous flow chemistry were up to 50 % and 92 %ee, respectively, in a total residence time of 32.5 min, corresponding to a throughput of 145 mg/h.
A Carbene‐Stabilized Boryl‐Phosphinidene
Authors: Kumar Sarkar Samir , Kundu Subrata , Nazish Mohd , Kretsch Johannes , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Stalke Dietmar , Parvathy Parameswaran , Parameswaran Pattiyil , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHerein, the synthesis and characterization of the carbene‐stabilized boryl phosphinidenes 1–3 are reported. Compounds 1–3 are obtained by reacting Me‐cAAC=PK (Me2‐cAAC=dimethyl cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene) and dihaloaryl borane in toluene. All three compounds were characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Quantum mechanical studies indicated that these compounds have two lone pairs on the P center viz., an σ‐type lone pair and a “hidden” π‐type lone pair. Hence, these compounds can act as double Lewis bases, and the basicity of the π‐type lone pair is higher than the σ‐type lone pair.
A non‐isolated high gain DC‐DC converter with coupled‐inductor and built‐in transformer for grid‐connected photovoltaic systems
Authors: Kokkonda Karun , Kulkarni Prakash S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA non‐isolated high gain DC‐DC converter based on coupled‐inductor (CI) and built‐in transformer (BT) with voltage multiplier cell (VMC) is presented for renewable energy applications, especially solar photovoltaic (PV) sources. In this circuit, the BT used in addition to the coupled inductor improves the design flexibility. It enhances the voltage gain with the simultaneous action of CI and BT, compared to converters that include BT or CI. Also, the formation of voltage multiplier cell with the series combination of secondary windings of the CI and BT, switched capacitors and the diodes give an extra voltage gain to the converter. This converter structure adds the turns ratios in voltage gain expression and does not entail a reverse recovery issue with the leakage energy. The active clamped circuit recycles this leakage energy to alleviate the switching stresses. Consequently, active clamping provides add‐on features like improved converter efficiency with ZVS operation and further voltage gain. The converter principle of operation and the design procedure of all components are presented. Finally, a 400 W laboratory prototype with input voltage range 24–40 V and output 400 V is developed and illustrated the effectiveness of the converter at a switching frequency of 100 kHz.
Dyke demolition led to a sharp decline in waterbird diversity due to habitat quality reduction: A case study of Dongting Lake, China
Authors: Zhu Feng , Zou Yeai , Zhang Pingyang , Zhang Siqi , Chen Xinsheng , Li Feng , Deng Zhengmiao , Zhang Hong , Yu Zhibing , Zhu Xiaoyong , Xie Yonghong , Zou Dongsheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDongting Lake, an important wintering habitat for migratory waterbirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, has suffered serious degradation in recent decades. To restore habitats for biodiversity conservation and flood control, 459 dykes were demolished and 14 were preserved in 2017. However, the direct impact of dyke demolition on wintering waterbirds was not comprehensively assessed. In this study, based on annual waterbird census and habitat data (2013/14–2020/21), we compared the differences in habitat areas and species composition of waterbirds in the dyke‐demolished and preserved areas, and explored whether habitat changes caused by the dyke demolition were responsible for the changes in the number of species and percentages of waterbird individuals. The results indicate that the areas of water (including shallow water) and mudflat habitats significantly decreased, but the vegetation area significantly increased in the dyke‐demolished areas. The species numbers and percentages of waterbird individuals at the community and foraging guilds levels, and the percentages of nine species, were higher in the dyke‐preserved areas than those in the dyke‐demolished areas. Changes in the numbers of species and percentages of individuals of fish eaters, insectivores, and omnivores positively correlated with drastic changes in the percentages of water habitats (including shallow water) after dyke demolition. Effective measures should be carried out to restore hydrological regimes, providing waterbirds sufficient suitable habitats with different water depths. These findings improve our understanding of the influence of dyke demolition on waterbirds and provide insights for wetland management and waterbird conservation.
The first experience with sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor for the treatment of systemic right ventricular failure
Authors: Egorova Anastasia D. , Nederend Marieke , Tops Laurens F. , Vliegen Hubert W. , Jongbloed Monique R.M. , Kiès Philippine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, the morphological right ventricle supports the systemic circulation. This chronic exposure to pressure overload ultimately leads to systemic right ventricular (sRV) dysfunction and heart failure. Pharmacological options for the treatment of sRV failure are poorly defined and no solid recommendations are made in the most recent guidelines. Sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors are a new class of antihyperglycaemic drugs that have been demonstrated to significantly reduce the risk of worsening heart failure and death from cardiovascular causes in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, yet no data are available in sRV patients. We report on the treatment and clinical follow‐up of a patient with advanced heart failure and poor sRV function in the context of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries, who did not tolerate sacubitril/valsartan and had a high burden of heart‐failure‐related hospitalizations. Treatment with dapagliflozin was well tolerated and resulted in (small) subjective and objective functional and echocardiographic improvement and a reduction in heart‐failure‐related hospitalizations.
Towards gene therapy for IPEX syndrome
Authors: Borna Simon , Lee Esmond , Sato Yohei , Bacchetta Rosa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractImmune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X linked (IPEX) syndrome is an uncurable disease of the immune system, with immune dysregulation that is caused by mutations in FOXP3. Current treatment options, such as pharmacological immune suppression and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, have been beneficial but present limitations, and their life‐long consequences are ill‐defined. Other similar blood monogenic diseases have been successfully treated using gene transfer in autologous patient cells, thus providing an effective and less invasive therapeutic. Development of gene therapy for patients with IPEX is particularly challenging because successful strategies must restore the complex expression profile of the transcription factor FOXP3, ensuring it is tightly regulated and its cell subset‐specific roles are maintained. This review summarizes current efforts toward achieving gene therapy to treat immune dysregulation in IPEX patients.
A Computational Physical Organic Study of a Torque, Lock, and Propagate Approach and Validation with the Synthesis of Configurationally Stable First‐Generation Helically Twisted Acenes
Authors: Weber Jacob A. , Clennan Edward L. , Arulsamy Navamoney 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHybrid polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) consisting of helicene and acene domains, referred to as [7]heli‐D‐acenes, are introduced as scaffolds to generate enantiopure twisted acenes (heli‐twistacenes) by a torque, lock, and propagate (TLP) approach. Computational methods with and without dispersion corrections were used to explore the structural and electronic features of these PAHs and to explore the possible formation of twistomers that might complicate reaction mixtures. Syntheses of unsubstituted and disubstituted members of the [7]heli‐D‐acene series confirmed the viability of the TLP approach, and together with the computational results, provided proof‐of‐concept of this new approach as a viable means to generate enantiopure twisted‐acenes. The X‐ray structures, absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, and CD spectra of these first generation heli‐acenes are compared to the structure and photophysical properties of pentacene and [7]helicene. A high barrier for the enantio‐enriched M enantiomer of 19,24‐dicyano[7]heli‐D‐anthracene verified its configurational stability at room temperature.
Isometric artifacts from polymerase chain reaction‐massively parallel sequencing analysis of short tandem repeat loci: An emerging issue from a new technology?
Authors: Zupanič Pajnič Irena , Previderè Carlo , Zupanc Tomaž , Zanon Martina , Fattorini Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recent introduction of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technologies in forensics has changed the approach to allelic short tandem repeat (STR) typing because sequencing cloned PCR fragments enables alleles with identical molecular weights to be distinguished based on their nucleotide sequences. Therefore, because PCR fidelity mainly depends on template integrity, new technical issues could arise in the interpretation of the results obtained from the degraded samples. In this work, a set of DNA samples degraded in vitro was used to investigate whether PCR‐MPS could generate “isometric drop‐ins” (IDIs; i.e., molecular products having the same length as the original allele but with a different nucleotide sequence within the repeated units). The Precision ID GlobalFiler NGS STR panel kit was used to analyze 0.5 and 1 ng of mock samples in duplicate tests (for a total of 16 PCR‐MPS analyses). As expected, several well‐known PCR artifacts (such as allelic dropout, stutters above the threshold) were scored; 95 IDIs with an average occurrence of 5.9 IDIs per test (min: 1, max: 11) were scored as well. In total, IDIs represented one of the most frequent artifacts. The coverage of these IDIs reached up to 981 reads (median: 239 reads), and the ratios with the coverage of the original allele ranged from 0.069 to 7.285 (median: 0.221). In addition, approximately 5.2% of the IDIs showed coverage higher than that of the original allele. Molecular analysis of these artifacts showed that they were generated in 96.8% of cases through a single nucleotide change event, with the C > T transition being the most frequent (85.7%). Thus, in a forensic evaluation of evidence, IDIs may represent an actual issue, particularly when DNA mixtures need to be interpreted because they could mislead the operator regarding the number of contributors. Overall, the molecular features of the IDIs described in this work, as well as the performance of duplicate tests, may be useful tools for managing this new class of artifacts otherwise not detected by capillary electrophoresis technology.
Invitro biocompatibility evaluation of a heat‐resistant 3D printing material for use in customized cell culture devices
Authors: Winkler Steffen , Meyer Katharina V. , Heuer Christopher , Kortmann Carlotta , Dehne Michaela , Bahnemann Janina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (3D printing) enables the fabrication of highly customized and complex devices and is therefore increasingly used in the field of life sciences and biotechnology. However, the application of 3D‐printed parts in these fields requires not only their biocompatibility but also their sterility. The most common method for sterilizing 3D‐printed parts is heat steam sterilization—but most commercially available 3D printing materials cannot withstand high temperatures. In this study, a novel heat‐resistant polyacrylate material for high‐resolution 3D Multijet printing was evaluated for the first time for its resistance to heat steam sterilization and in vitro biocompatibility with mouse fibroblasts (L929), human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293E), and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)). Analysis of the growth and viability of L929 cells and the growth of S. cerevisiae confirmed that the extraction media obtained from 3D‐printed parts had no negative effect on the aforementioned cell types, while, in contrast, viability and growth of HEK 293E cells were affected. No different effects of the material on the cells were found when comparing heat steam sterilization and disinfection with ethanol (70%, v/v). In principle, the investigated material shows great potential for high‐resolution 3D printing of novel cell culture systems that are highly complex in design, customized and easily sterilizable—however, the biocompatibility of the material for other cell types needs to be re‐evaluated.
LKB1 acts as a critical brake for the glucagon‐mediated fasting response
Authors: Acevedo‐Acevedo Suehelay , Stefkovich Megan L. , Kang Sun Woo Sophie , Cunningham Rory P. , Cultraro Constance M. , Porat‐Shliom Natalie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As important as the fasting response is for survival, an inability to shut it down once nutrients become available can lead to exacerbated disease and severe wasting. The liver is central to transitions between feeding and fasting states, with glucagon being a key initiator of the hepatic fasting response. However, the precise mechanisms controlling fasting are not well defined. One potential mediator of these transitions is liver kinase B1 (LKB1), given its role in nutrient sensing. Here, we show LKB1 knockout mice have a severe wasting and prolonged fasting phenotype despite increased food intake. By applying RNA sequencing and intravital microscopy, we show that loss of LKB1 leads to a dramatic reprogramming of the hepatic lobule through robust up‐regulation of periportal genes and functions. This is likely mediated through the opposing effect that LKB1 has on glucagon pathways and gene expression. Conclusion: Our findings show that LKB1 acts as a brake to the glucagon‐mediated fasting response, resulting in “periportalization” of the hepatic lobule and whole‐body metabolic inefficiency. These findings reveal a mechanism by which hepatic metabolic compartmentalization is regulated by nutrient‐sensing.