bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Biomarker-Selected, Phase II Clinical Trial of Maintenance Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase Inhibition With Rucaparib Following Chemotherapy for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Crabb Simon J. , Hussain Syed , Soulis Eileen , Hinsley Samantha , Dempsey Laura , Trevethan Avril , Song YeePei , Barber Jim , Frew John , Gale Joanna , Faust Guy , Brock Susannah , McGovern Ursula , Parikh Omi , Enting Deborah , Sundar Santhanam , Ratnayake Gihan , Lees Kathryn , Birtle Alison J. , Powles Thomas , Jones Robert J. 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE A DNA repair deficiency (DRD) phenotype exists within a subset of metastatic urothelial carcinomas (mUC) predicting benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy. We tested switch maintenance therapy with the poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor rucaparib, following chemotherapy, for DRD biomarker–positive mUC. METHODS DRD biomarker–positive mUC patients, within 10 weeks of chemotherapy, and without cancer progression, were randomly assigned (1:1) to maintenance rucaparib 600 mg twice a day orally, or placebo, until disease progression. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Statistical analysis targeted a hazard ratio of 0.5 with a 20% one-sided α for this signal-seeking trial. PFS (RECIST 1.1) was compared between trial arms, by intention to treat, within a Cox model. RESULTS Out of 248 patients, 74 (29.8%) were DRD biomarker–positive and 40 were randomly assigned. A total of 12 (60%) and 20 (100%) PFS events occurred in the rucaparib and placebo arms, respectively (median follow-up was 94.6 weeks in those still alive). Median PFS was 35.3 weeks (80% CI, 11.7 to 35.6) with rucaparib and 15.1 weeks (80% CI, 11.9 to 22.6) with placebo (hazard ratio, 0.53; 80% CI, 0.30 to 0.92; one-sided P = .07). In the safety population (n = 39) treatment-related adverse events were mostly low grade. Patients received a median duration of 10 rucaparib or six placebo cycles on treatment. Treatment-related adverse events (all grades) of fatigue (63.2% v 30.0%), nausea (36.8% v 5.0%), rash (21.1% v 0%), and raised alanine aminotransferase (57.9% v 10%) were more common with rucaparib. CONCLUSION Maintenance rucaparib, following platinum-based chemotherapy, extended PFS in DRD biomarker-selected patients with mUC and was tolerable. Further investigation of poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibition in selected patients with mUC is warranted.
Alpha Cell Thioredoxin-interacting Protein Deletion Improves Diabetes-associated Hyperglycemia and Hyperglucagonemia
Authors: Lu Brian , Chen Junqin , Xu Guanlan , Grayson Truman B , Jing Gu , Jo SeongHo , Shalev Anath 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) has emerged as a key factor in pancreatic beta cell biology, and its upregulation by glucose and diabetes contributes to the impairment in functional beta cell mass and glucose homeostasis. In addition, beta cell deletion of TXNIP protects against diabetes in different mouse models. However, while TXNIP is ubiquitously expressed, its role in pancreatic alpha cells has remained elusive. We generated an alpha cell TXNIP knockout (aTKO) mouse and assessed the effects on glucose homeostasis. While no significant changes were observed on regular chow, after a 30-week high-fat diet, aTKO animals showed improvement in glucose tolerance and lower blood glucose levels compared to their control littermates. Moreover, in the context of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, aTKO mice showed significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to controls. While serum insulin levels were reduced in both control and aTKO mice, STZ-induced diabetes significantly increased glucagon levels in control mice, but this effect was blunted in aTKO mice. Moreover, glucagon secretion from aTKO islets was &gt;2-fold lower than from control islets, while insulin secretion was unchanged in aTKO islets. At the same time, no change in alpha cell or beta cell numbers or mass was observed, and glucagon and insulin expression and content were comparable in isolated islets from aTKO and control mice. Thus together the current studies suggest that downregulation of alpha cell TXNIP is associated with reduced glucagon secretion and that this may contribute to the glucose-lowering effects observed in diabetic aTKO mice.
The Painful Road to Freedom in Maram al-Masri’sElle Va Nue la Liberté(Freedom Walks Naked)
Authors: Mehta Brinda J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis essay examines the poetry of the Francophone author Maram al-Masri, a diasporic feminist poet from Syria who has lived in exile in Paris since 1992. Elle va nue la liberté is an indictment of the regime of Bashar al-Assad and an ode to the creative resilience of ordinary people during the Syrian revolution (2011). This essay demonstrates how al-Masri’s poetry grafts landscapes of pain and resistance in a poetics of the gut that bears witness to horror, trauma, and resistance. It focuses on the trope of blood writing, documentary poetry or poésie-vérité, and the poet’s sense of exile in France.
Transcriptional targets of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia protein TDP-43 – meta-analysis and interactive graphical database
Authors: Cao Maize C. , Scotter Emma L. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
TDP-43 proteinopathy is the major pathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and tau-negative frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Mounting evidence implicates loss of normal TDP-43 RNA-processing function as a key pathomechanism. However, the RNA targets of TDP-43 differ by report, and have never been formally collated or compared between models and disease, hampering understanding of TDP-43 function. Here, we conducted re-analysis and meta-analysis of publicly available RNA-sequencing datasets from six TDP-43-knockdown models, and TDP-43-immunonegative neuronal nuclei from ALS/FTD brain, to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differential exon usage (DEU) events. There was little overlap in DEGs between knockdown models, but PFKP, STMN2, CFP, KIAA1324 and TRHDE were common targets and were also differentially expressed in TDP-43-immunonegative neurons. DEG enrichment analysis revealed diverse biological pathways including immune and synaptic functions. Common DEU events in human datasets included well-known targets POLDIP3 and STMN2, and novel targets EXD3, MMAB, DLG5 and GOSR2. Our interactive database (https://www.scotterlab.auckland.ac.nz/research-themes/tdp43-lof-db/) allows further exploration of TDP-43 DEG and DEU targets. Together, these data identify TDP-43 targets that can be exploited therapeutically or used to validate loss-of-function processes.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
A multicentric, 2 × 2 factorial, randomised, open-label trial to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of structured physical activity training and cognitive behavioural therapy versus usual care in heart failure patients: a protocol for the PACT-HF trial
Authors: Jeemon Panniyammakal , Reethu Salim , Ganapathi Sanjay , Lakshmi Kanth Lakshmipuram Rajappan , Punnoose Eapen , Abdullakutty Jabir , Mattumal Shafeeq , Joseph Johny , Joseph Stigi , Venkateswaran Chitra , Sunder Poornima , Babu Abraham Samuel , Padickaparambil Sebastian , Neenumol Kandagathuparambil Rajan , Chacko Susanna , Shajahan Shamla , Krishnankutty Krishnaja , Devis Selma , Joseph Rani , Shemija Bhagavathikandy , John Sneha Anna , Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai 
Published: August 2022

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a multi-morbid chronic condition, which adversely affects the quality of life of the affected individual. Engaging the patient and their caregivers in self-care is known to reduce mortality, rehospitalisation and improve quality of life among HF patients. The PACT-HF trial will answer whether clinical benefits in terms of mortality and hospitalisation outcomes can be demonstrated by using a pragmatic design to explore the specific effects of physical activity, and cognitive behavioural therapy in HF patients in India. Methods: We will conduct a 2 × 2 factorial, randomized, open-label trial, which aims to see if rehabilitation strategies of structured physical activity training and cognitive behavioural therapy for depression and self-management reduce the risk of repeat hospitalisation and deaths in HF patients in India. Patients will be randomised to (1) physical activity + usual care (2) cognitive behaviour therapy + usual care, (3) physical activity + cognitive behaviour therapy + usual care, and (4) usual care at 1:1:1:1 ratio. Time to mortality will be the primary outcome. A composite of mortality and hospitalisation for HF will be the main secondary outcome. Additional secondary outcomes will include ‘days alive and out of hospital’, cumulative hospitalisation, quality of life, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire score, depression score, six minutes walking distance, handgrip strength, and adherence to medicines and lifestyle. The effects of intervention on the primary outcome will be estimated from Cox proportional hazard models. For the continuous secondary outcome variables, differences between randomised groups will be estimated from linear mixed models or generalised estimating equations (GEE) as appropriate. Discussion: PACT-HF is designed to provide reliable evidence about the balance of benefits and risks conferred by physical activity and cognitive behavioural therapy-based cardiac rehabilitation for those with HF, irrespective of their initial disease severity.
Possible transgenerational associations between grandparents’ childhood exposures and religious belief in their granddaughters: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Golding Jean , Gregory Steven , Northstone Kate , Pembrey Marcus , Ellis Genette , Watkins Sarah , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Suderman Matthew 
Published: August 2022

Background: Research in non-genetic inheritance indicates that grandparents’ smoking habits and their childhood experiences of trauma can influence the physical and psychological attributes of their grandchildren. This was particularly apparent for outcomes such as autism and obesity where the population prevalence changed over time. Other factors which have changed temporally include religious and spiritual beliefs (RSBs) which have been declining in Western populations. Methods: We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to explore whether grandparental exposures were associated with the religious and/or spiritual beliefs of their grandchildren. In line with other inter/trans-generational human studies we predicted that: (P1) grandparents’ childhood exposures to cigarette smoking (whether in utero or by active smoking) and/or exposure to traumatic events during childhood will be associated with their grandchild’s RSB; (P2) associations will differ between maternal and paternal lines of inheritance; (P3) relationships will vary with age at grandparental exposure, and (P4) associations will differ between grandsons and granddaughters. Results: We found significant associations between the grandchild’s RSB and both the grandparents’ smoking and their childhood trauma histories (P1 supported). These associations were mainly found down the maternal line (P2 possibly supported) and results varied with age of exposure of the grandparents; being strongest for in utero exposure of cigarette smoke and for pre-puberty exposure of traumatic events (P3 supported), and that granddaughters were more affected than grandsons (P4 supported). Conclusions: We hope that these results will motivate collection of similar data to further evaluate these questions in other populations, including a possible role for biological mechanisms.
Communication of a University Teacher: New Realities and Facets of Transformation
Authors: Semenova L. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to an actual problem - the study of the problems of pedagogical communication in modern higher education, the design and modeling of a modern teacher. Modern realities, state and social orders are changing the requirements for competencies and skills of hard skills and soft skills, predicting future skills.
Aim. The purpose of the article is to develop the design of a modern university teacher by analyzing current trends in the transformation of higher education and pedagogical communication.
Methodology and methods. The study is based on the integrative-competence paradigm and professional approach. Research methods: analytical review of literary sources and the content of the research, pedagogical modeling and design, included observation, analysis, synthesis, generalization.
Results. Based on the analysis of literary sources, current trends in the transformation of higher education and pedagogical communication, the requirements for a modern teacher and problems in pedagogical communication are determined.
Scientific novelty lies in the identification and systematization of a set of requirements for a modern teacher, which replenishes scientific knowledge about pedagogical communication.
Practical significance. The results of the study can be useful for developing ideas about the formation of professional competence of a university teacher and can be applied by them in the process of self-development, professional development.
A rare case of woman with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
Authors: Grądzik Anna , Gorajek Anna , Kudan Małgorzata , Osiejewska Aleksandra , Mikut Karolina 
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is an inherited disorder of sexual development caused by mutations in the androgen receptor encoding gene.Case report: A female patient born in 1984, at the age of 17, was diagnosed with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, during the diagnosis of primary amenorrhea. She was assigned grade 7 in the Quigley scale. Cytogenetic analysis showed a 46 XY karyotype. Gynecological examination revealed a blind ending vagina and a lack of uterus. Physical examination revealed normal breast development and scanty pubic and axillary hair. The patient kept seeing herself as a woman. At the age of 18, the patient underwent laparoscopic gonadectomy. After the procedure, the patient was under medical supervision and was taking orally 1 mg of estradiol daily. At the age of 24 patient was diagnosed with. The patient received sodium alendronate and ibandronic acid. The level of FSH was 35.50 mlU / ml and LH was 13.05 mlU/ml.
Discussion: Quigley grades 6 and 7 correspond to complete androgen insensitivity. The genitals are completely feminized and newborns at birth are assigned as females. The diagnosis is usually established during the diagnostics of primary amenorrhea. CAIS is associated with high risks of gonad carcinogenesis and therefore a gonadectomy must be performed. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is required after gonadectomy in order to maintain secondary sexual characteristics. Due to the high risk of osteoporosis patient requires calcium and vitamin D supplementation and bone density control. The prognosis is good, and gonadectomy and HRT usually give satisfactory long-term results.
The popularity and usability of mobile applications for women and expecting mothers
Authors: Grądzik Anna , Gorajek Anna , Osiejewska Aleksandra , Wojtachnio Dominika , Nowakowska Izabela , Bartoszewicz Jakub 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose: There are many applications for women, including those planning to conceive, being pregnant or having a small child. These applications have various functions, among others: menstrual cycle control, information about fetal development, labor contractions counting or lifestyle advice. Aim of the study was to assess the popularity, usability, most frequently used functions and expectations of users in relation to mobile applications designed for period tracking, for pregnant women and for parents.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in the form of a self-prepared, anonymous survey shared on social media.
Results: 522 correctly completed questionnaires were analysed. The main sources of knowledge about pregnancy and motherhood were: Internet (90.4%) and doctor (73.5%). 78.7% of participating women used period tracking applications. The most useful functions were: date of period (94.7%), fertile days and ovulation (86.4%) and menstrual cycle regularity (58,2%). 86.6% of women used pregnancy tracker applications. The most useful features were: information about week of pregnancy (98.5%), child development (95.3%) and countdown to childbirth (83%). Using application during pregnancy: 74.8% of women felt more aware and 68.6% enjoyed the expectation time more. Parenting applications were the least popular - only 25% of respondents used them.
Conclusions: Thanks to the mobile applications, women can be more aware and better prepared for planning pregnancy and motherhood. Encouraging them to use the applications can bring many benefits in a doctor-patient relationships, provided that the information contained therein is properly constructed.
A Computational Framework for Solving Nonlinear Binary Optimization Problems in Robust Causal Inference
Authors: Islam Md Saiful , Morshed Md Sarowar , Noor-E-Alam Md. 
Published: August 2022

Identifying cause-effect relations among variables is a key step in the decision-making process. Whereas causal inference requires randomized experiments, researchers and policy makers are increasingly using observational studies to test causal hypotheses due to the wide availability of data and the infeasibility of experiments. The matching method is the most used technique to make causal inference from observational data. However, the pair assignment process in one-to-one matching creates uncertainty in the inference because of different choices made by the experimenter. Recently, discrete optimization models have been proposed to tackle such uncertainty; however, they produce 0-1 nonlinear problems and lack scalability. In this work, we investigate this emerging data science problem and develop a unique computational framework to solve the robust causal inference test instances from observational data with continuous outcomes. In the proposed framework, we first reformulate the nonlinear binary optimization problems as feasibility problems. By leveraging the structure of the feasibility formulation, we develop greedy schemes that are efficient in solving robust test problems. In many cases, the proposed algorithms achieve a globally optimal solution. We perform experiments on real-world data sets to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms and compare our results with the state-of-the-art solver. Our experiments show that the proposed algorithms significantly outperform the exact method in terms of computation time while achieving the same conclusion for causal tests. Both numerical experiments and complexity analysis demonstrate that the proposed algorithms ensure the scalability required for harnessing the power of big data in the decision-making process. Finally, the proposed framework not only facilitates robust decision making through big-data causal inference, but it can also be utilized in developing efficient algorithms for other nonlinear optimization problems such as quadratic assignment problems. History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning. Funding: This work was supported by the Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation of the National Science Foundation [Grant 2047094]. Supplemental Material: The online supplements are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1226 .
Passion, commitment, and burnout: Experiences of Black gay men working in HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention in Atlanta, GA
Authors: Jones Marxavian , Smith Justin C. , Moore Shamia , Newman Antonio , Camacho-González Andrés , Harper Gary W. , del Río Carlos , Hussen Sophia A. 
Published: August 2022

Background
HIV-focused organizations, care providers and research programs often hire Black gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in their efforts to reach highly affected communities. Due to their unique social position within and outside of organizations, Black GBMSM are ideally situated to contribute to HIV care and prevention programming targeting their own communities, but may also be at risk for stress and burnout in these settings. Despite this critical role for Black GBMSM in efforts to end the epidemic, little is known about subjective experiences of Black GBMSM who work in the HIV field.

Methods
We conducted qualitative interviews with 19 Black GBMSM who were identified as key informants. All were working in community-based organizations, clinical or academic settings in the area of HIV prevention and treatment in Atlanta, Georgia. We used a thematic analysis approach to identify salient themes with respect to the workplace experiences of Black GBMSM as well as the role of their identities in their work in the field.

Results
Participants discussed: (1) Shared experiences and growth; (2) Work-related stressors; (3) Worker burnout; and (4) Commitment to continue working in the HIV field. On the whole, Black GBMSM derived meaning from their work, and found their intersectional identities to be a strength in fulfilling job duties. At the same time, Black GBMSM described multiple stresses faced as they balanced their personal and professional connections to this work, while also dealing with their own challenges related to discrimination, socioeconomic status, and health. Participants repeatedly described sacrificing their own well-being for the greater good of their communities, highlighting contributors to burnout within and outside of the workplace.

Conclusions
Our participants derived meaning from their work in the HIV field and were affirmed by professional interactions with other Black GBMSM. At the same time, they also faced work-related and other psychosocial stressors that predisposed them to frustration and burnout. To promote workplace equity and wellness for Black GBMSM, we share recommendations for HIV-focused organizations that employ and serve men in this demographic.