bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of salvage radiotherapy initiation at PSA ≤ 0.5 ng/ml on metastasis‐free survival in patients with relapsed prostate cancer following prostatectomy
Authors: Lee Emerson E. , Singh Tanmay , Hu Chen , Han Misop , Deville Curtiland Jr. , Halthore Aditya , Greco Stephen , Tran Phuoc , DeWeese Theodore , Song Daniel Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeSalvage radiation therapy (SRT) is indicated for biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy. Prior data have shown that initiation of SRT at lower PSA levels improves subsequent biochemical control, yet given the long natural history of prostate cancer questions remain regarding optimal timing of SRT. We analyzed the impact of prostate specific antigen (PSA) level at time of salvage radiotherapy with regard to both biochemical relapse‐free (bRFS) as well as metastasis‐free survival (MFS) in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer.MethodsUsing prospective institutional tumor registry data, univariate and multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to assess association between outcomes and clinical and pathologic prognostic features, including pre‐SRT PSA, interval from prostatectomy to SRT, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and adverse pathologic features.ResultsWe identified 397 patients who received salvage RT between 1985 and 2016: 187 (45.8%) received SRT initiated when pre‐RT PSA was ≤0.5 ng/ml; 212 (52.0%) patients had pre‐SRT PSA > 0.5 ng/ml. Independent of pathologic risk status and ADT use, pre‐SRT PSA ≤ 0.5 ng/ml was the most significant predictor of bRFS (HR 0.39, 95% CI [0.27, 0.56]) as well as MFS (HR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.37, 0.91]). Seminal vesicle invasion was also associated with shorter interval to biochemical failure, HR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.07, 2.98], and eventual metastases, HR = 2.07, 95% CI [1.14, 3.740].ConclusionsInitiation of salvage RT while PSA levels remain ≤0.5 ng/ml was associated with improved MFS. Consideration for salvage RT initiation while PSA levels remain low is warranted to minimize risk of future prostate cancer metastasis.
Pulmonary IgG4‐related disease with favourable response to rituximab: A case report
Authors: Muller Romain , Ebbo Mikael , Habert Paul , Torrents Julia , Gaubert Jean Yves , Schleinitz Nicolas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPulmonary involvement of IgG4‐associated disease is a rare condition with no codified treatment apart from steroid administration. We report here the case of a patient with pulmonary involvement of IgG4‐RD successfully managed with Rituximab, in induction and maintenance therapy. This original case could support the use of Rituximab in rare situations of steroid‐resistant or steroid‐dependent pulmonary IgG4‐RD.
The AI ESG protocol: Evaluating and disclosing the environment, social, and governance implications of artificial intelligence capabilities, assets, and activities
Authors: Sætra Henrik Skaug 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAI and data are key strategic resources and enablers of the digital transition. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and data are also intimately related to a company's environment, social, and governance (ESG) performance and the generation of sustainability related impacts. These impacts are increasingly scrutinized by markets and other stakeholders, as ESG performance impacts both valuation and risk assessments. It impacts an entity's potential to contribute to good, but it also relates to risks concerning, for example, alignment with current and coming regulations and frameworks. There is currently limited information on and a lack of a unified approach to AI and ESG and a need for tools for systematically assessing and disclosing the ESG related impacts of AI and data capabilities. I here propose the AI ESG protocol, which is a flexible high‐level tool for evaluating and disclosing such impacts, engendering increased awareness of impacts, better AI governance, and stakeholder communication.
Osteosarcoma‐Derived Exosomes as Potential PET Imaging Nanocarriers for Lung Metastasis
Authors: Almeida Sara F.F. , Fonseca Alexandra , Sereno José , Ferreira Hugo R. S. , Lapo‐Pais Mariana , Martins‐Marques Tânia , Rodrigues Teresa , Oliveira Rui C. , Miranda Catarina , Almeida Luís P. , Girão Henrique , Falcão Amílcar , Abrunhosa Antero J. , Gomes Célia M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLung metastases represent the most adverse clinical factor and rank as the leading cause of osteosarcoma‐related death. Nearly 80% of patients present lung micrometastasis at diagnosis not detected with current clinical tools. Herein, an exosome (EX)‐based imaging tool is developed for lung micrometastasis by positron emission tomography (PET) using osteosarcoma‐derived EXs as natural nanocarriers of the positron‐emitter copper‐64 (64Cu). Exosomes are isolated from metastatic osteosarcoma cells and functionalized with the macrocyclic chelator NODAGA for complexation with 64Cu. Surface functionalization has no effect on the physicochemical properties of EXs, or affinity for donor cells and endows them with favorable pharmacokinetics for in vivo studies. Whole‐body PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images in xenografted models show a specific accumulation of 64Cu‐NODAGA‐EXs in metastatic lesions as small as 2–3 mm or in a primary tumor, demonstrating the exquisite tropism of EXs for homotypic donor cells. The targetability for lung metastasis is also observed by optical imaging using indocyanine green (ICG)‐labeled EXs and D‐luciferin‐loaded EXs. These findings show that tumor‐derived EXs hold great potential as targeted imaging agents for the noninvasive detection of small lung metastasis by PET. This represents a step forward in the biomedical application of EXs in imaging diagnosis with increased translational potential.
A Multiple Remotely Controlled Platform from Recyclable Polyurethane Composite Network with Shape‐Memory Effect and Self‐Healing Ability
Authors: Chen Xiaohu , Zeng Xiyang , Luo Kun , Chen Tao , Zhang Ting , Yan Guilong , Wang Li 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStimuli‐responsive materials can transform from temporary to permanent shapes by specific external triggers. However, the damage might inevitably occur to them when exposed to complex environments, causing a significant reduction in their lifetime and quality. In this study, recyclable remotely controlled shape‐changing polyurethane composite with self‐healing compacity is developed from polyethylene glycol, polytetrahydrofuran diol using isophorone diisocyanate as crosslinker. After the incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs), remote heating could be generated by near‐infrared irradiation and alternating magnetic fields. The results show that MNPs are uniformly distributed in the smart networks, resulting in tunable temperature changes of the polymer composite material under various direct/indirect triggering in bending experiments, presenting different shape recovery rates. Moreover, to enhance the self‐healing capability, a disulfide bond is introduced into the polymer networks, and the results show that highly efficient and rapid healing could be achieved from tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy as well as optical microscopy. Additionally, the synergistic effect of transesterification and the dynamic exchange of disulfide bonds brin the networks reproducibility for recycling use. The obtained material is promising to be an alternative material for soft robots and smart sensors.
Surveillance Capitalism
Authors: Stahl Bernd Carsten , Schroeder Doris , Rodrigues Rowena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSurveillance capitalism hinges on the appropriationand commercialisationof personal datafor profit-making. This chapter spotlights three cases connected to surveillance capitalism: data appropriation, monetisationof health data and the unfair commercial practice when “free” isn’t “free”. It discusses related ethical concerns of powerinequality, privacy and data protection, and lack of transparencyand explainability. The chapter identifies responses to address concerns about surveillance capitalism and discusses three key responses put forward in policy and academic literature and advocated for their impact and implementation potential in the current socio-economicsystem: antitrustregulation, data sharingand access, and strengthening of data ownership claims of consumers/individuals. A combination of active, working governance measures is required to stem the growth and ill-effects of surveillance capitalism and protect democracy.
Right to Life, Liberty and Security of Persons
Authors: Stahl Bernd Carsten , Schroeder Doris , Rodrigues Rowena 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence(AI) cansupport individuals’ enjoyment of life, libertyand security, but it can also have adverse effects on them in a variety of ways. This chapter covers three cases affecting human life, liberty and security: one in transportation(self-driving cars), one in the home (smart security systems) and one in healthcareservices (adversarial attacks). The chapter discusses ethical questions and three potential solutions to address AIhuman rights issues related to life, liberty and security of persons: defining and strengthening liability regimes, implementing quality management systems and adversarial robustness. AI developers, deployers and users must respect the sanctity of human life and embed, value and respect this principle in the design, development and use of their products and/or services. Critically, AI systems should not be programmed to kill or injure humans.
European Language Grid: Introduction
Authors: Rehm Georg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEurope is a multilingual society with 24 European Union Member State languages and dozens of additional languages including regional and minority languages as well as languages spoken by immigrants, trade partners and tourists. While languages are an essential part of our cultural heritage, language barriers continue to be unbreachable in many situations. The only option to enable and to benefit from multilingualism is through Language Technologies (LTs) including Natural Language Processing (NLP), Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Speech Technologies. The commercial European LT landscape is dominated by hundreds of SMEs that develop many different kinds of LTs. While the industrial and also the academic European LT community is world-class, it is also massively fragmented. This chapter is an introduction to the present volume, which describes the European Language Grid (ELG) cloud platform, initiative and EU project. The ELG system is targeted to evolve into the primary platform and marketplace for LT in Europe by providing one umbrella platform for the entire European LT community, including research and industry, enabling all stakeholders to showcase, share and distribute their services, tools, products, datasets and other resources. At the time of writing, the ELG platform provides access to more than 13,000 commercial and non-commercial language resources and technologies covering all official EU languages and many national, co-official, regional and minority languages.
European Language Technology Landscape: Communication and Collaborations
Authors: Rehm Georg , Marheinecke Katrin , Kückens Jens-Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe European Language Technology community is a diverse group of stakeholders that is characterised by severe fragmentation. This chapter provides an overview of the stakeholders that are relevant for the European Language Grid. We also briefly describe our communication channels and strategies with regard to the promotion of ELG. Furthermore, we highlight a few of the current projects and initiatives and their relationship to and relevance for ELG, especially with regard to collaborations. The overall goal of the target group-specific communication strategy we developed is to create more and more uptake of ELG in the European LT community, eventually creating a snowball effect.
CEFR Labelling and Assessment Services
Authors: Breuker Mark 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur pilot project aims to develop a set of text collections and annotation tools to facilitate the creation of datasets (corpora) for the development of AI classification models. These classification models can automatically assess a text’s reading difficulty on the levels described by the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). The ability to accurately and consistently assess the readability level of texts is crucial to authors and (language) teachers. It allows them to more easily create and discover content that meets the needs of students with different backgrounds and skill levels. Also, in the public sector using plain language in written communication is becoming increasingly important to ensure citizens can easily access and comprehend government information. EDIA already provides automated readability assessment services (available as APIs and an online authoring tool) for the CEFR in English. Support for Dutch, German and Spanish are added as part of this project. Using the infrastructure developed in this project the effort for creating high quality datasets for additional languages is lowered significantly. The tools and datasets are deployed through the European Language Grid. The project is scheduled to be completed in the second quarter of 2022.
Multilingual Image Corpus
Authors: Koeva Svetla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ELG pilot project Multilingual Image Corpus (MIC 21) provides a large image dataset with annotated objects and multilingual descriptions in 25 languages. Our main contributions are: the provision of a large collection of highquality, copyright-free images; the formulation of an ontology of visual objects based on WordNet noun hierarchies; precise manual correction of automatic image segmentation and annotation of object classes; and association of objects and images with extended multilingual descriptions. The dataset is designed for image classification, object detection and semantic segmentation. It can be also used for multilingual image caption generation, image-to-text alignment and automatic question answering for images and videos.
Interoperable Metadata Bridges to the wider Language Technology Ecosystem
Authors: Labropoulou Penny , Piperidis Stelios , Deligiannis Miltos , Voukoutis Leon , Giagkou Maria , Košarko Ondřej , Hajič Jan , Rehm Georg 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne of the objectives of the European Language Grid is to help overcome the fragmentation of the European Language Technology community by bringing together language resources and technologies, information about them, Language Technology consumers, providers and the wider public. This chapter describes the mechanisms ELG has put in place to build interoperable bridges to related initiatives, infrastructures, platforms and repositories in the wider Language Technology landscape. We focus on the different approaches implemented for the exchange of metadata records about, in a generic sense, resources and exemplify them with the help of four use cases through which the ELG catalogue has been further populated. The chapter presents the protocols used for the population processes as well as the adaptations of the ELG metadata schema and platform policies that proved necessary to be able to ingest these new records.
Language Technology Tools and Services
Authors: Roberts Ian , Silva Andres Garcia , Aroca Cristian Berrìo , Gómez-Pérez Jose Manuel , Jánoší Miroslav , Galanis Dimitris , Calizzano Rémi , Lagzdiņš Andis , Straka Milan , Germann Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAt the time of writing, the European Language Grid includes more than 800 LT services of varied types, including machine translation (MT), automatic speech recognition (ASR), text-to-speech synthesis (TTS), and text analysis ranging from simple tokenisers and part-of-speech taggers through to complete named entity recognition and sentiment analysis systems. This chapter gives a high-level summary of the development of the ELG service catalogue over time and digs deeper to discuss the process of service integration by looking at a few example services.
Algebraic foliations and derived geometry: the Riemann–Hilbert correspondence
Authors: Toën Bertrand , Vezzosi Gabriele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis is the first in a series of papers about foliations in derived geometry. After introducing derived foliations on arbitrary derived stacks, we concentrate on quasi-smooth and rigid derived foliations on smooth complex algebraic varieties and on their associated formal and analytic versions. Their truncations are classical singular foliations defined in terms of differential ideals in the algebra of forms. We prove that a quasi-smooth rigid derived foliation on a smooth complex variety X is formally integrable at any point, and, if we suppose that its singular locus has codimension $$\ge 2$$

≥
2

, its analytification is a locally integrable singular foliation on the associated complex manifold $$X^h$$

X
h

. We then introduce the derived category of perfect crystals on a quasi-smooth rigid derived foliation on X, and prove a Riemann-Hilbert correspondence for them when X is proper. We discuss several examples and applications.
Error estimates for total-variation regularized minimization problems with singular dual solutions
Authors: Bartels Sören , Kaltenbach Alex 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent quasi-optimal error estimates for the finite element approximation of total-variation regularized minimization problems using the Crouzeix–Raviart element require the existence of a Lipschitz continuous dual solution, which is not generally given. We provide analytic proofs showing that the Lipschitz continuity of a dual solution is not necessary, in general. Using the Lipschitz truncation technique, we, in addition, derive error estimates that depend directly on the Sobolev regularity of a given dual solution.
The damped wave equation with acoustic boundary conditions and non-locally reacting surfaces
Authors: Barbieri Alessio , Vitillaro Enzo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to study the problem$$\begin{aligned} {\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} u_{tt}+du_t-c^2\Delta u=0 \qquad &{}\text {in}\, {\mathbb {R}}\times \Omega ,\\ \mu v_{tt}- \textrm{div}_\Gamma (\sigma \nabla _\Gamma v)+\delta v_t+\kappa v+\rho u_t =0\qquad &{}\text {on}\, {\mathbb {R}}\times \Gamma _1,\\ v_t =\partial _\nu u\qquad &{}\text {on}\, {\mathbb {R}}\times \Gamma _1,\\ \partial _\nu u=0 &{}\text {on}\, {\mathbb {R}}\times \Gamma _0,\\ u(0,x)=u_0(x),\quad u_t(0,x)=u_1(x) &{} \text {in}\, \Omega ,\\ v(0,x)=v_0(x),\quad v_t(0,x)=v_1(x) &{} \text {on}\, \Gamma _1, \end{array}\right. } \end{aligned}$$utt+dut-c2Δu=0inR×Ω,μvtt-divΓ(σ∇Γv)+δvt+κv+ρut=0onR×Γ1,vt=∂νuonR×Γ1,∂νu=0onR×Γ0,u(0,x)=u0(x),ut(0,x)=u1(x)inΩ,v(0,x)=v0(x),vt(0,x)=v1(x)onΓ1,where$$\Omega $$Ωis a open domain of$${\mathbb {R}}^N$$RNwith uniformly$$C^r$$Crboundary ($$N\ge 2$$N≥2,$$r\ge 1$$r≥1),$$\Gamma =\partial \Omega $$Γ=∂Ω,$$(\Gamma _0,\Gamma _1)$$(Γ0,Γ1)is a relatively open partition of$$\Gamma $$Γwith$$\Gamma _0$$Γ0(but not$$\Gamma _1$$Γ1) possibly empty. Here$$\textrm{div}_\Gamma $$divΓand$$\nabla _\Gamma $$∇Γdenote the Riemannian divergence and gradient operators on$$\Gamma $$Γ,$$\nu $$νis the outward normal to$$\Omega $$Ω, the coefficients$$\mu ,\sigma ,\delta , \kappa , \rho $$μ,σ,δ,κ,ρare suitably regular functions on$$\Gamma _1$$Γ1with$$\rho ,\sigma $$ρ,σand$$\mu $$μuniformly positive,dis a suitably regular function in$$\Omega $$Ωandcis a positive constant. In this paper we first study well-posedness in the natural energy space and give regularity results. Hence we study asymptotic stability for solutions when$$\Omega $$Ωis bounded,$$\Gamma _1$$Γ1is connected,$$r=2$$r=2,$$\rho $$ρis constant and$$\kappa ,\delta ,d\ge 0$$κ,δ,d≥0.
Immune markers and microbial factors are related with periodontitis severity in people with HIV
Authors: Groenewegen Hester , Delli Konstantina , Vissink Arjan , Spijkervet Frederik K. L. , Bierman Wouter F. W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
The objective of the study is to assess systemic immune markers and microbial factors related to periodontitis severity in people living with HIV.

Methods
Eighty people living with HIV (PLWH), who exhibited in the last two viral load measurements < 40 copies/mL, underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations and sub-gingival plaque sampling. Periodontitis was classified according to the CDC-AAP case definition. Inflammation, immune-activation, and immunosenescence markers were assessed, microbiological analyses were performed, and oral care routines and HIV characteristics were noted.

Results
From our group of PLWH, 42.5% and 57.5% suffered from moderate and severe periodontitis, respectively. Oral care habits did not differ between PLWH with moderate and severe periodontitis. Bacterial subgingival plaque loads were higher, and Porphyromonas gingivalis was more prevalent in PLWH with severe periodontitis than with moderate periodontitis (53% vs 7%, respectively). Mean C-reactive protein levels [CRP, 1.6 mg/L versus 0.8 mg/L, p = 0.020] and percentages of senescent CD28-CD57 + CD8 + T-cells in peripheral blood [16.5 versus 8.9, p = 0.035] were higher with severe periodontitis. Infection duration, CD4 count, CD4/CD8 ratio and type of antiretroviral therapy did not differ between both groups.

Conclusions
Periodontitis severity is related to increased prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, elevated CRP levels, and higher frequencies of circulating CD8 + senescent cells in PLWH.
Effect of temperature on survival of Australian entomopathogenic nematodes and their virulence against the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni
Authors: Aryal Sitaram , Nielsen Uffe N. , Sumaya Nanette H. , Wilson Craig , Riegler Markus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are commonly used biocontrol agents of insect pests, with a wide range of commercially available isolates targeting specific pests. New isolates are, however, required to improve pest control across a wider range of environmental conditions for target pests, including emerging threats. We assessed the effect of temperature on survival and virulence of 17 Australian isolates of five EPN species (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Heterorhabditis indica, Heterorhabditis marelatus, Heterorhabditis zealandica and Steinernema feltiae) against larvae and pupae of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni. All isolates still infected and killed larvae after infective juveniles (IJ) had been kept without insect hosts at 15 °C, 25 °C or 30 °C for two weeks, indicating their potential to remain viable under field conditions. However, the mean LD50 value ranged from 35 to 150 and was generally lower at 15 °C than at 25 °C and 30 °C. Similarly, after IJs had been kept at 25 °C for 1–3 weeks without insect hosts, all isolates infected B. tryoni larvae, with mean LD50 values ranging from 25 to 144. Interestingly, 15 isolates infected and killed B. tryoni pupae after one week, with a mean LD50 value between 130 and 209, but only two isolates after two weeks, with a mean LD50 value between 229 to 209. No pupal mortality was seen after three weeks. In absence of hosts, EPNs survived longer at 15 °C and 25 °C than at 30 °C. Complete EPN mortality occurred after nine weeks at 30 °C, and after 18 weeks at 15 °C and 25 °C, except for some survival in one S. feltiae isolate (Sf.ECCS). Overall, six isolates of H. indica (Hi.HRN2, Hi.LMI2, Hi.QF6), H. bacteriophora (Hb.HIE), H. zealandica (Hz.NAR1) and S. feltiae (Sf.ECCS) performed best and need further testing as potential biocontrol agents against B. tryoni under semi-field and field conditions.