bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in an Atlantic Forest Urban Park, Salvador, Brazil
Authors: de Souza Raquel Lima , Ferreira Gabriel dos Santos , Borja Lairton Souza , Nazaré Romero de Jesus , Mugabe Vánio Andre , Argibay Hernan Darío , Portilho Moyra Machado , Jacob-Nascimento Leile Camila , Reis Mitermayer Galvão , Kitron Uriel D , Ribeiro Guilherme Sousa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We identified mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae) in an Atlantic Forest fragment located in a large urban park in Salvador, Brazil, one year after a citywide epizootic of yellow fever virus (YFV). Between May 2 and August 2, 2018, adult mosquitoes were collected using the human attraction method, followed by trapping with hand-nets, and CO2-baited light traps placed at ground level and in the canopy. We collected a total of 11,914 mosquitoes, which belonged to three tribes, five genera, and at least seven species. The most abundant taxa captured by CO2-baited light traps were Culex quinquefasciatus (Say, Diptera: Culicidae) Limatus spp. (Diptera: Culicidae), and Wyeomyia spp. (Diptera: Culicidae), while by human attraction, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Wyeomyia spp., and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, Diptera: Culicidae) were captured most often. The diversity of mosquitoes by species was greater in the park area with restinga vegetation compared to the area with dense rainforest. Although vectors commonly associated with sylvatic YFV transmission were not captured, we collected several species capable of transmission of other arboviruses. Given the high likelihood of encounters between mosquitoes and human visitors in environments, such as the one studied, periodic entomological surveys to determine the risk of arbovirus transmission in these settings are warranted.
MeerTRAP: 12 Galactic fast transients detected in a real-time, commensal MeerKAT survey
Authors: Bezuidenhout M C , Barr E , Caleb M , Driessen L N , Jankowski F , Kramer M , Malenta M , Morello V , Rajwade K , Sanidas S , Stappers B W , Surnis M 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
MeerTRAP is a real-time untargeted search project using the MeerKAT telescope to find single pulses from fast radio transients and pulsars. It is performed commensally with the MeerKAT large survey projects (LSPs), using data from up to 64 of MeerKAT’s 13.96 m dishes to form hundreds of coherent beams on sky, each of which is processed in real time to search for millisecond-duration pulses. We present the first 12 Galactic sources discovered by MeerTRAP, with DMs in the range of 33–381 pc cm−3. One source may be Galactic or extragalactic depending on the Galactic electron density model assumed. Follow-up observations performed with the MeerKAT, Lovell, and Parkes radio telescopes have detected repeat pulses from 7 of the 12 sources. Pulse periods have been determined for four sources. Another four sources could be localized to the arcsecond-level using a novel implementation of the tied-array beam localization method.
Spitzer and Herschel studies of dust in supernova remnants in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Matsuura Mikako , Ayley Victoria , Chawner Hannah , Filipović M D , Reid Warren , Priestley F D , Rigby Andy , Barlow M J , Gomez Haley E 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
With the entire Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) mapped by the Spitzer Space Telescope and Herschel Space Observatory, we were able to search 8–250 $\mu$m images in order to identify infrared (IR) emission associated with SMC supernova remnants (SNRs). A valid detection had to correspond with known X-ray, H α, and radio emission from the SNRs. From the 24 known SNRs, we made five positive detections with another five possible detections. Two detections are associated with pulsars or pulsar wind nebula, and another three detections are part of the extended nebulous emission from the SNRs. We modelled dust emission where fast moving electrons are predicted to collide and heat dust grains which then radiate in IR. With known distance (62.44 ± 0.47 kpc), measured SNR sizes, electron densities, temperatures from X-ray emission as well as hydrogen densities, the modelling of SMC SNRs is straightforward. If the higher range of hydrogen and electron densities were to be accepted, we would expect almost all SMC SNRs to be detected in the IR, at least at 24 $\mu$m, but the actual detection rate is only 25 per cent. One possible and common explanation for this discrepancy is that small grains have been destroyed by the SNRs shockwave. However, within the uncertainties of hydrogen and electron densities, we find that IR dust emission can be explained reasonably well, without invoking dust destruction. There is no conclusive evidence that SNRs destroy swept-up ISM dust.
Nodal precession of WASP-33b for 11 yr by Doppler tomographic and transit photometric observations
Authors: Watanabe Noriharu , Narita Norio , Palle Enric , Fukui Akihiko , Kusakabe Nobuhiko , Parviainen Hannu , Murgas Felipe , Casasayas-Barris Núria , Johnson Marshall C , Sato Bun’ei , Livingston John H , de Leon Jerome P , Mori Mayuko , Nishiumi Taku , Terada Yuka , Esparza-Borges Emma , Kawauchi Kiyoe 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTWASP-33b, a hot Jupiter around a hot star, is a rare system in which nodal precession has been discovered. We updated the model for the nodal precession of WASP-33b by adding new observational points. Consequently, we found a motion of the nodal precession spanning 11 yr. We present homogenous Doppler tomographic analyses of eight data sets, including two new data sets from TS23 and HIDES, obtained between 2008 and 2019, to illustrate the variations in the projected spin–orbit obliquity of WASP-33b and its impact parameter. We also present its impact parameters based on photometric transit observations captured by MuSCAT in 2017 and MuSCAT2 in 2018. We derived its real spin–orbit obliquity ψ, stellar spin inclination is, and stellar gravitational quadrupole moment J2 from the time variation models of the two orbital parameters. We obtained $\psi = 108.19^{+0.95}_{-0.97}$ deg, $i_\mathit{ s} = 58.3^{+4.6}_{-4.2}$ deg, and $J_2=(1.36^{+0.15}_{-0.12}) \times 10^{-4}$. Our J2 value was slightly smaller than the theoretically predicted value, which may indicate that its actual stellar internal structure is different from the theoretical one. We derived the nodal precession speed $\dot{\theta }=0.507^{+0.025}_{-0.022}$ deg yr−1, and its period $P_{\mathrm{pre}}=709^{+33}_{-34}$ yr, and found that WASP-33b transits in front of WASP-33 for only ∼ 20 per cent of the entire nodal precession period.
Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with inflammation and poor survival in early-stage HPV-negative tongue cancer
Authors: Desai Sanket , Dharavath Bhasker , Manavalan Sujith , Rane Aishwarya , Redhu Archana Kumari , Sunder Roma , Butle Ashwin , Mishra Rohit , Joshi Asim , Togar Trupti , Apte Shruti , Bala Pratyusha , Chandrani Pratik , Chopra Supriya , Bashyam Murali Dharan , Banerjee Anirban , Prabhash Kumar , Nair Sudhir , Dutt Amit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Persistent pathogen infection is a known cause of malignancy, although with sparse systematic evaluation across tumor types. We present a comprehensive landscape of 1060 infectious pathogens across 239 whole exomes and 1168 transcriptomes of breast, lung, gallbladder, cervical, colorectal, and head and neck tumors. We identify known cancer-associated pathogens consistent with the literature. In addition, we identify a significant prevalence of Fusobacterium in head and neck tumors, comparable to colorectal tumors. The Fusobacterium-high subgroup of head and neck tumors occurs mutually exclusive to human papillomavirus, and is characterized by overexpression of miRNAs associated with inflammation, elevated innate immune cell fraction and nodal metastases. We validate the association of Fusobacterium with the inflammatory markers IL1B, IL6 and IL8, miRNAs hsa-mir-451a, hsa-mir-675 and hsa-mir-486-1, and MMP10 in the tongue tumor samples. A higher burden of Fusobacterium is also associated with poor survival, nodal metastases and extracapsular spread in tongue tumors defining a distinct subgroup of head and neck cancer.
Pitfalls of using the ILO classification for silicosis compensation claims
Authors: Akgün Metin , Ozmen Ipek , Ozari Yildirim Elif , Tuzun Bahar , Nur Toreyin Zehra , Kayinova Atinc , Arbak Peri , Akkurt Ibrahim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The International Labour Organization (ILO) Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses is used as the primary tool to determine compensation for pneumoconiosis in Turkey.

Aims
We aimed to evaluate how the ILO classification applied, but obtaining chest radiographs in the workplace for screening until the completion of compensation claim files by the referral centres, based on the ILO reading.

Methods
The study included 320 digital chest radiographs previously taken for screening from eight different ceramic factories and having finalised claim files by referral centres. We used an expert reference panel consisting of five ILO readers to re-evaluate all the radiographs independently using ILO standard films and reached a conclusion based on the agreement among at least three readers. The evaluation primarily included technical quality and silicosis diagnosis with an ILO 1/0 or above small profusion. The results were compared with previous findings.

Results
Sixty-three (20%) chest radiographs were unacceptable for classification purposes according to the ILO technical quality grades. Among the remaining 257 chest radiographs, we diagnosed 103 with silicosis (40%), while the referral centres diagnosed 182 (71%). A discrepancy was found between our results and previous evaluations. We diagnosed silicosis in 50% and 17% of the previous silicosis and normal evaluations, respectively.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the use of the ILO classification for compensation claims may be problematic due to the way of its implementation in Turkey in addition to its subjectivity.
Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder for Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States: Gaps in Coverage by State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs
Authors: McManus Kathleen A , Davy-Mendez Thibaut , Killelea Amy , Schranz Asher J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Life-saving medications for opioid use disorder are inaccessible for people with human immunodeficiency virus relying on the AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAP) in 40% of jurisdictions. Funding/policies should address this through increasing access through ADAP and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP), partnerships between RWHAP and substance use programs, and other state/federal initiatives.
Hepatosplenic Candidiasis in Patients With Hematological Malignancies: A 13-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Boussen Inès , Lisan Quentin , Raffoux Emmanuel , Di Blasi Roberta , Boissel Nicolas , Oksenhendler Eric , Adès Lionel , Xhaard Aliénor , Bretagne Stéphane , Alanio Alexandre , Molina Jean-Michel , Denis Blandine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Hepatosplenic candidiasis (HSC) used to be reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) without antifungal prophylaxis. The aim was to describe the clinical features and outcomes of HSC over the last 13 years in a single French hematology center.

Methods
All patients diagnosed with HSC between 2008 and 2020 were included in a single-center retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from patient charts, and HSC was classified according to the 2020 European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group definitions.

Results
Sixty patients were included, with 18.3% proven, 3.3% probable, and 78.3% possible HSC according to the 2020 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Mycoses Study Group classification. Among them, 19 patients were treated for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 21 for lymphomas, and 14 for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. HSC occurred in 13 patients after autologous stem cell transplantation for lymphoma. At HSC diagnosis, 13 patients were receiving antifungal prophylaxis. Candida colonization was present in 84.2%, with prior candidemia in 36.7% of cases. β-D-glucans was positive in 55.8%, and 45.8% of tissue biopsies were contributive. First-line antifungal therapy was azoles in 61.7%, and steroids were associated in 45% of cases. At 3 months of follow-up, partial response to antifungal therapy was 94.2%. At last follow-up (mean, 22.6 months), 41 patients (68.3%) presented a complete hematological remission and 22 patients were deceased, none because of HSC.

Conclusions
The epidemiology of HSC has changed in the last decade, with fewer cases occurring in the AML setting. A better identification of patients at risk could lead to specific prophylaxis and improved diagnosis.
Reluctant Republicans, Eager Democrats?
Authors: Clinton Joshua D , Lapinski John S , Trussler Marc J 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUsing the registration-based samples and disposition codes of state-level pre-election telephone polls conducted by the National Election Pool as part of the National Exit Poll in 12 states, we test whether likely Democrats were more likely to cooperate with the National Exit Poll than likely Republicans and independents. Using information about both respondents and nonrespondents, we find that Democrats are more likely to cooperate with telephone interviewers than Republicans and independents by 3 and 6 percentage points, respectively, even after controlling for individual and geographic features plausibly related to nonresponse (e.g., age, gender, race, urban/rural, community support for President Trump, and effects of COVID-19). Equalizing the partisan cooperation rate when post-stratifying to account for the partisan differences in cooperation decreases the average polling error on the margin of victory by 4 percentage points in the polls we examine, but sizable errors remain in critical swing states because of within-party differences in who responds and/or errors in the available partisanship measures in the voter file.
Intermediate hypocretin-1 cerebrospinal fluid levels and typical cataplexy: their significance in the diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1
Authors: van der Hoeven Adrienne Elisabeth , Fronczek Rolf , Schinkelshoek Mink Sebastian , Roelandse Frederik Willem Cornelis , Bakker Jaap Adriaan , Overeem Sebastiaan , Bijlenga Denise , Lammers Gert Jan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
The diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is based upon the presence of cataplexy and/or a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hypocretin-1/orexin-A level ≤ 110 pg/mL. We determined the clinical and diagnostic characteristics of patients with intermediate hypocretin-1 levels (111–200 pg/mL) and the diagnostic value of cataplexy characteristics in individuals with central disorders of hypersomnolence.

Methods
Retrospective cross-sectional study of 355 people with known CSF hypocretin-1 levels who visited specialized Sleep-Wake Centers in the Netherlands. For n = 271, we had full data on cataplexy type (“typical” or “atypical” cataplexy).

Results
Compared to those with normal hypocretin-1 levels (&gt;200 pg/mL), a higher percentage of individuals with intermediate hypocretin-1 levels had typical cataplexy (75% or 12/16 vs 9% or 8/88, p &lt; .05), and/or met the diagnostic polysomnographic (PSG) and Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) criteria for narcolepsy (50 vs 6%, p &lt; .001). Of those with typical cataplexy, 88% had low, 7% intermediate, and 5% normal hypocretin-1 levels (p &lt; .001). Atypical cataplexy was also associated with hypocretin deficiency but to a lesser extent. A hypocretin-1 cutoff of 150 pg/mL best predicted the presence of typical cataplexy and/or positive PSG and MSLT findings.

Conclusion
Individuals with intermediate hypocretin-1 levels or typical cataplexy more often have outcomes fitting the PSG and MSLT criteria for narcolepsy than those with normal levels or atypical cataplexy. In addition, typical cataplexy has a much stronger association with hypocretin-1 deficiency than atypical cataplexy. We suggest increasing the NT1 diagnostic hypocretin-1 cutoff and adding the presence of clearly defined typical cataplexy to the diagnostic criteria of NT1.
Clinical trial information: This study is not registered in a clinical trial register, as it has a retrospective database design.
Updating the phylogeny and taxonomy of pleurostomatid ciliates (Protista: Ciliophora) with establishment of a new family, a new genus and two new species
Authors: Zhang Gongaote , Zhao Yan , Chi Yong , Warren Alan , Pan Hongbo , Song Weibo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe order Pleurostomatida is one of the most confusing groups in the ciliate class Litostomatea. In the present study, two new species, Paralitonotus foissneri gen. & sp. nov. and Loxophyllum apochlorelligerum sp. nov., were investigated using an integrative approach. Paralitonotus foissneri differs from other pleurostomatids by its distinctive ciliary pattern (i.e. the anterior ends of the right somatic kineties are progressively shortened from the middle towards dorsal and perioral ones). Therefore, we place it in the new genus Paralitonotus. Loxophyllum apochlorelligerum is characterized by seven to nine left and 12–14 right somatic kineties, three to five anterior dorsal warts and a subterminal contractile vacuole. Phylogenetic analyses show that Pa. foissneri clusters with Apolitonotus lynni and Pseudolitonotus gracilis to form a deep-branching subclade that is basal to other core pleurostomatids. All three genera have distinctive anteriorly shortened right kineties, suggesting that this might be a familial character state. We therefore establish a new family, Paralitonotidae fam. nov., for pleurostomatids with this character and propose a new taxonomic scheme and a hypothetical evolutionary trajectory of the order Pleurostomatida. In addition, the generic diagnostic characters for pleurostomatids are updated, and a key to the identification of pleurostomatid genera is provided.
Research Priorities for Pediatric Intensive Care Nutrition Within the United Kingdom: A National Institute of Health Research James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership
Authors: O’Connor Graeme , Marino Luise V. , Tume Lyvonne N. , Stewart Alexandra , Gates Simon , Lanigan Julie , Bangalore Harish , Kinsella Suzannah 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES:
To determine research priorities in PICU nutrition, which represent the shared priorities of patients, parents, carers, and PICU healthcare professionals within the United Kingdom.

DESIGN:
A national multiphase priority setting methodology in partnership with the James Lind Alliance delivered over 16 months (June 2020–September 2021). Part 1: a national scoping survey asked respondents to submit their research uncertainties related to PICU nutrition. Part 2: summarizing and evidence-checking the submitted uncertainties. Part 3: interim prioritization survey. Part 4: consensus workshop.

SETTING:
PICU.

PARTICIPANTS:
Patients, parents, and carers of patients who had been admitted to PICU, and PICU healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of these patients within the United Kingdom.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
A national scoping survey asked respondents to submit their research uncertainties related to PICU nutrition. In the first survey, 165 topic ideas were suggested (12% by parents/carers and 88% by PICU healthcare professionals). These were categorized into 57 summary questions. The existing evidence was searched to ensure that the proposed summary questions had not already been answered. Forty were judged to be true uncertainties following a systematic literature review. These 40 uncertainties were grouped into eight themes for the second interim survey, which asked respondents to prioritize their top research questions. One hundred and forty participants contributed to this second interim survey. A final shortlist of 25 questions was derived, with the top 18 questions taken to a multistakeholder workshop where a consensus was reached on the top 10 priorities.

CONCLUSIONS:
This research identified important research gaps in the management of patients in PICU. Areas that need to be addressed as a priority include energy requirements in ventilated neonates, nutritional supplementation of probiotics to manage and prevent sepsis, the impact of postintensive care syndrome on nutrition and growth, and when to commence parenteral (IV) nutrition. The challenge now is to refine and deliver answers to these research priorities.
Visit-to-visit glycated hemoglobin A1c variability in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qu Furong , Shi Qingyang , Wang Yang , Shen Yanjiao , Zhou Kaixin , Pearson Ewan R. , Li Sheyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
Current practice uses the latest measure of glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) to facilitate clinical decision-making. Studies have demonstrated that HbAlc variability links the risk of death and complications of diabetes. However, the role of HbAlc variability is unclear in clinical practice. This systematic review summarized the evidence of visit-to-visit HbAlc variability regarding different metrics in micro- and macro-vascular complications and death in people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, EMBASE (via OVID), and Cochrane Central Register (CENTRAL, via OVID) for studies investigating the association between HbAlc variability and adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and performed random-effects meta-analysis stratified by HbAlc variability metrics in terms of standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and HbAlc variability score (HVS).

Results:
In people with type 2 diabetes, the highest quantile of all three HbAlc variability metrics (HbAlc-standard deviation [HbAlc-SD], HbAlc-coefficient of variance [HbAlc-CV], and HVS) is associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, progression to chronic kidney disease, amputation, and peripheral neuropathy. For example, the hazard ratio of HbAlc-SD on all-cause mortality was l.89 with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) l.46–2.45 (HbAlc-CV l.47, 95% CI l.26–l.72; HVS l.67, 95% CI l.34–2.09).

Conclusions:
High HbAlc variability leads to micro- and macro-vascular complications of type 2 diabetes and related death. People with type 2 diabetes and high HbAlc variability need additional attention and care for the potential adverse outcomes.
Associations of insulin resistance and beta-cell function with abnormal lipid profile in newly diagnosed diabetes
Authors: Tang Xiaohan , Yan Xiang , Zhou Houde , Huang Gan , Niu Xiaohong , Jiang Hongwei , Su Heng , Yang Xilin , Li Xia , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
Abnormal lipids are strong predictors of cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the potential associations of insulin resistance (IR) and beta-cell function (BCF) with abnormal lipids in newly diagnosed T1DM or T2DM patients are not fully understood.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey of 15,928 participants was conducted. Homeostasis model assessment and postprandial C-peptide levels were used to estimate IR and BCF. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) nested in binary logistic regression was used to examine the associations of IR and BCF with abnormal lipids.

Results:
High triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) accounted for 49.7%, 47.8%, and 59.2% of the participants, respectively. In multivariable analysis, high IR was associated with an increased risk of high TGs (P for trend <0.001) in T1DM and is associated with an elevated risk of high TG and low HDL-C (all P for trend <0.01) in T2DM. Low BCF was not associated with risks of dyslipidemia in patients with T1DM or T2DM after adjustment for potential confounders.

Conclusion:
High IR had different associations with the risk of dyslipidemia in newly diagnosed T1DM and T2DM patients, suggesting that early treatment that improves IR may benefit abnormal lipid metabolism.