bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negotiating Justice: From Conflict to Agreement
Authors: Albin Cecilia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This special issue of International Negotiation explores how justice is, and may best be, negotiated when parties adhere to conflicting notions of what it means and requires. “Conflicting notions” refer to the endorsement of different principles or to conflicting interpretations of how the same justice principle is to be applied. It may also involve some party’s adhering to a justice principle, while its counterpart endorses criteria other than justice as the proper basis for the case at hand. A diversity of cases and methodological traditions is used to explore a set of analytical questions: Why do parties adhere to conflicting notions of justice in international negotiations? How do conflicting justice notions affect negotiation dynamics and what are different ways in which they can be handled? Are some ways of handling such notions better than others, in the sense of enhancing the chances of a durable agreement?
Who Killed Osman Xate?
Authors: Häberl C.G. , Kashintseva K. , Loesov S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The grammar of the village dialects of Ṭuroyo remains poorly described apart from that of Midən, and within the documentation there is a dearth of spontaneous conversations. Consequently, much about Ṭuroyo pragmatics and sociolinguistics in general also remains undescribed. We therefore present two short conversations between three residents of Kfarze in Tur Abdin, concerning a significant event in its recent history, together with a translation and a glossary. In addition to their value as oral histories of the Christian-Kurdish relationship in the region, they reveal significant details about the dialect of Kfarze, including 1) the contraction of triphthongs in ii-y verbs; 2) nouns consistently marked with l- when they express the agent of an ‘ergative’ preterite; and 3) the retention of ‘soft’ (unaspirated) ḳ in Kurmanji loan vocabulary. The presence of the last feature, and of frequent code-switching between Ṭuroyo and Kurmanji in the spontaneous speech of these villagers, attests to the bilingual situation in Kfarze.
Environmental Modulation of Mechanical and Thermodynamic Forcing from Cold Pool Collisions
Authors: Falk Nicholas M. , van den Heever Susan C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cold pools can initiate new convection by increasing vertical velocity (mechanical forcing) and locally enhancing moisture content (thermodynamic forcing). This study investigates the impact of the environment on mechanical and thermodynamic forcing from cold pool collisions. An ensemble of high-resolution numerical simulations was conducted that tested the sensitivity of cold pool collisions to three parameters: 1) the initial temperature deficit of cold pools, 2) the initial distance between cold pools, and 3) the static stability and moisture content of the environment. These parameters are tested in the absence of condensation, surface fluxes, radiation, and wind shear. Colder initial cold pools increase mechanical and thermodynamic forcing owing to greater horizontal winds during collisions. For all environments tested, mechanical forcing peaked robustly at an optimal initial distance between the cold pools due to a balance between the creation and dissipation of kinetic energy, and the different phases of density current evolution. Thermodynamic forcing peaked for greater initial cold pool distances than those associated with mechanical forcing. Decreased low-level static stability and an increased vertical gradient in low-level moisture enhanced mechanical and thermodynamic forcing, respectively. It is also shown that the initial temperature deficit had the greatest impact on mechanical and thermodynamic forcing, followed by the environment, and finally the initial separation distance. Finally, cold pool collisions are classified as “mechanically strong” or “mechanically weak,” where mechanically strong collisions increased mechanical forcing beyond that driven by the initial outward spreading of the cold pools. An analogous classification of “thermodynamically strong/weak” is also presented.
Low Cloud–SST Feedback over the Subtropical Northeast Pacific and the Remote Effect on ENSO Variability
Authors: Yang Liu , Xie Shang-Ping , Shen Samuel S. P. , Liu Jing-Wu , Hwang Yen-Ting 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Low clouds frequent the subtropical northeastern Pacific Ocean (NEP) and interact with the local sea surface temperature (SST) to form positive feedback. Wind fluctuations drive SST variability through wind–evaporation–SST (WES) feedback, and surface evaporation also acts to damp SST. This study investigates the relative contributions of these feedbacks to NEP SST variability. Over the summer NEP, the low cloud–SST feedback is so large that it exceeds the evaporative damping and amplifies summertime SST variations. The WES feedback causes the locally enhanced SST variability to propagate southwestward from the NEP low cloud deck, modulating El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurrence upon reaching the equator. As a result, a second-year El Niño tends to occur when there are significant warm SST anomalies over the subtropical NEP in summer following an antecedent El Niño event and a second-year La Niña tends to occur when there are significant cold SST anomalies over the subtropical NEP in summer following an antecedent La Niña event The mediating role of the NEP low cloud–SST feedback is confirmed in a cloud-locking experiment with the Community Earth System Model, version 1 (CESM1). When the cloud–ocean coupling is disabled, SST variability over the NEP weakens and the modulating effect on ENSO vanishes. The nonlocal effect of the NEP low cloud–SST feedback on ENSO has important implications for climate prediction.
Rainfall–Mixed Layer–SST Feedback Contributing to Atlantic Meridional Mode Development
Authors: Kataoka Takahito , Suzuki Tatsuo , Tatebe Hiroaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A simple air–sea coupled model for wind–evaporation–sea surface temperature (SST), wind-induced turbulence–mixed layer (ML)–SST, and wind–evaporation–ML–SST feedback is extended to unitedly represent the precipitation anomaly associated with moisture convergence and the ML depth (MLD) anomaly due to freshwater-induced buoyancy flux. An eigenanalysis reveals the presence of yet another feedback accompanying a cross-equatorial SST gradient. The feedback operates as follows: A cross-equatorial SST gradient anomaly forces surface wind anomalies to blow toward the warmer hemisphere, causing low-level convergence (divergence) and hence a positive (negative) precipitation anomaly in the warmer (cooler) hemisphere. The positive (negative) precipitation anomaly stratifies (destabilizes) the near-surface ocean and results in a shallower (deeper) ML, which enhances (reduces) the warming by climatological shortwave radiation, and thus provides positive feedback to the initial SST gradient anomaly. The strength of this feedback is similar to the three known feedbacks in terms of stability. Sensitivity experiments with the coupled general circulation model MIROC6 reveal that the precipitation-induced buoyancy flux anomaly accounts for up to ∼14% of the Atlantic meridional mode (AMM) amplitude in boreal spring through affecting the MLD anomaly in the deep tropics, which is consistent with the simple model results, supporting the existence of the feedback. In contrast, the evaporation-induced buoyancy anomaly contributes only marginally to the MLD and thus the SST anomalies. The ML temperature budget from MIROC6 confirms that sensitivity changes of the ML to the warming by climatological shortwave radiation due to the MLD anomaly are important in generating the SST anomalies associated with the AMM, which is consistent with previous observational studies.

Significance Statement
It is known that year-to-year variations in the sea surface north–south temperature gradient in the tropical Atlantic can affect the climate in both surrounding and remote regions. In this study, we used theoretical and state-of-the-art climate models to investigate a tropical air–sea coupled process and establish its contribution to the Atlantic climate variability. As a result, we identified a previously unknown process contributing to north–south gradient variations in which the atmosphere and ocean interact to enhance the initial variation, thus forming a positive feedback loop. In particular, precipitation and near-surface ocean state changes were determined to be essential. This feedback process accounts for up to 14% of the north–south temperature gradient variations in the tropical Atlantic during the boreal spring.
The Indo-Pacific Maritime Continent Barrier Effect on MJO Prediction
Authors: Abhik S. , Hendon Harry H. , Zhang Chidong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is often observed to weaken or sometimes completely decay as its convective anomaly moves from the Indian Ocean over to the Maritime Continent (MC), which is known as the MC barrier effect on the MJO. This barrier effect is often exaggerated in numerical models. Using 23 years of the retrospective intraseasonal forecast from two coupled model systems with useful MJO prediction skills, we show that the predictive skill of the real-time multivariate MJO (RMM) index for the continuously propagating MJO events across the MC region is higher than for the blocked MJO events. The greater prediction skill is not related to the higher initial RMM amplitude for the continuous MJO events. Rather the higher skill arises from the more persistent behavior of the propagating MJO events as the convective anomaly moves through the MC region into the western Pacific. The potential predictability is similar for both types of MJO events, suggesting the forecast models hardly differentiate the two types of MJO events in prediction; they only maintain higher RMM magnitudes of the continuously propagating events. The global reanalysis dataset indicates that the blocked events are often associated with persistent higher surface pressures over colder sea surface temperatures in the central Pacific, suggesting the large-scale environment plays a role in promoting or inhibiting the MJO propagation across the MC region. Caveats in the models to reproduce the observed MJO events are also discussed.
Estimation of colon cancer grade and metastatic lymph node involvement using DWI/ADC sequences
Authors: Marija Cavar , Kresimir Dolic , Ognjen Barcot , Iva Peric , Nenad Kunac , Matija Boric 
Published: October 2022

Background The potential benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in colon cancer is under evaluation. There is a need to improve preoperative non-invasive diagnostics using techniques that provide more accurate staging information in assessing patient eligibility for NAC. Purpose To investigate the link between the tumor grade (pathohistological confirmed) and the N status (corresponding to lymph node involvement) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Material and Methods A total of 17 patients planned for surgical resection had a biopsy confirming colon carcinoma and participated in the study. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging/ADC sequence was recorded before surgery. The tumor and all visible lymph nodes were manually delineated directly on a grayscale ADC map for every single slice and detected to access the total tumor and summarized lymph node volume. The mean ADC value was further calculated for the mean tumor and mean lymph node values. Results Low-grade tumors had a mean ADC equivalent to 1225 ± 170×10−6 mm2/s, and the coefficient of high-grade tumors was 1444 ± 69×10−6 mm2/s. The group of patients with positive lymph nodes in operative tissue samples (N+) exhibited lower mean ADC values (1023 ± 142×10−6 mm2/s) as opposed to the group without metastatic lymph nodes (N–) with ADC values of 1260 ± 231×10−6 mm2/s. Conclusion The mean whole-tumor ADC is associated with the histological tumor grade, and the mean ADC value of whole-volume abdominal lymph nodes could assume real nodal infiltration.
A Randomized Trial of Behavioral Nudges Delivered Through Text Messages to Increase Influenza Vaccination Among Patients With an Upcoming Primary Care Visit
Authors: Patel Mitesh S. , Milkman Katherine L. , Gandhi Linnea , Graci Heather N. , Gromet Dena , Ho Hung , Kay Joseph S. , Lee Timothy W. , Rothschild Jake , Akinola Modupe , Beshears John , Bogard Jonathan E. , Buttenheim Alison , Chabris Christopher , Chapman Gretchen B. , Choi James J. , Dai Hengchen , Fox Craig R. , Goren Amir , Hilchey Matthew D. , Hmurovic Jillian , John Leslie K. , Karlan Dean , Kim Melanie , Laibson David , Lamberton Cait , Madrian Brigitte C. , Meyer Michelle N. , Modanu Maria , Nam Jimin , Rogers Todd , Rondina Renante , Saccardo Silvia , Shermohammed Maheen , Soman Dilip , Sparks Jehan , Warren Caleb , Weber Megan , Berman Ron , Evans Chalanda N. , Lee Seung Hyeong , Snider Christopher K. , Tsukayama Eli , Van den Bulte Christophe , Volpp Kevin G. , Duckworth Angela L. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To evaluate if nudges delivered by text message prior to an upcoming primary care visit can increase influenza vaccination rates. Design Randomized, controlled trial. Setting Two health systems in the Northeastern US between September 2020 and March 2021. Subjects 74,811 adults. Interventions Patients in the 19 intervention arms received 1-2 text messages in the 3 days preceding their appointment that varied in their format, interactivity, and content. Measures Influenza vaccination. Analysis Intention-to-treat. Results Participants had a mean (SD) age of 50.7 (16.2) years; 55.8% (41,771) were female, 70.6% (52,826) were White, and 19.0% (14,222) were Black. Among the interventions, 5 of 19 (26.3%) had a significantly greater vaccination rate than control. On average, the 19 interventions increased vaccination relative to control by 1.8 percentage points or 6.1% ( P = .005). The top performing text message described the vaccine to the patient as “reserved for you” and led to a 3.1 percentage point increase (95% CI, 1.3 to 4.9; P < .001) in vaccination relative to control. Three of the top five performing messages described the vaccine as “reserved for you.” None of the interventions performed worse than control. Conclusions Text messages encouraging vaccination and delivered prior to an upcoming appointment significantly increased influenza vaccination rates and could be a scalable approach to increase vaccination more broadly.
Exploring Cultural Factors of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Acceptance in African Americans: An Integrative Review
Authors: Henderson Rashida L. , Zoucha Rick , Colbert Alison , Braxter Betty J. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can prevent HPV-related cancers. However, African Americans (AA) have a 30% higher incidence of HPV-related cervical cancer than Whites. The purpose of this integrative review is to explore cultural factors and beliefs impacting HPV vaccine decisions in AA adults. Methodology: The Whittemore & Knafl model guided this review. Databases searched were PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase. Key terms included “human papillomavirus,” “vaccine,” “cultural values,” “African American,” and “adult.” Inclusion criteria were AAs aged 18 years and over living in the United States. Results: A total of 634 articles were identified, and 20 studies published from 2010 to 2020 were used. Common factors influencing HPV vaccine decisions included religion, knowledge, physician recommendation, social network, attitudes, mistrust, benefits, and safety. Discussion: Limitations included omission of articles lacking AA representation, limited databases searched, and one-author-evaluated studies. Future studies to discover additional cultural factors influencing HPV vaccine acceptance are critical.
Outcomes From a Randomized Trial of a Bilingual mHealth Social Media Intervention to Increase Care Engagement Among Young Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women With HIV
Authors: Rhodes Scott D. , Tanner Amanda E. , Mann-Jackson Lilli , Alonzo Jorge , Song Eunyoung Y. , Smart Benjamin D. , Garcia Manuel , McCoy Thomas P. , Schafer Katherine R. , Wilkin Aimee M. 
Published: October 2022

Background The North Carolina Community Research Partnership developed, implemented, and tested weCare, a 12-month bilingual mHealth social media intervention designed to reduce missed HIV care appointments and increase viral suppression among racially/ethnically diverse gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women living with HIV by harnessing established social media platforms (i.e., Facebook, texting, and dating apps). Methods We randomized 198 GBMSM and transgender women (mean age = 26) living with HIV to the weCare intervention ( n = 100) or usual-care ( n = 98) group. Inclusion criteria included being newly diagnosed or not in care. Participants completed structured assessments at baseline and 6-month postintervention follow-up (18 months after baseline data collection). HIV care appointment and viral load data were abstracted from each participant’s electronic health record at baseline and follow-up. Follow-up retention was 85.5%. Results Among participants, 94% self-identified as cisgender men, 6% as transgender, 64% as African American/Black, and 13% as Latine. Participants in both groups significantly reduced missed HIV care appointments and increased viral suppression at follow-up compared with baseline. However, there were no significant differences between weCare and usual-care participants for either outcome at follow-up. Conclusions An intervention effect was not identified for our two primary outcomes. Several factors may have influenced the lack of significant differences between weCare and usual-care participants at follow-up, including intervention implementation (e.g., staffing changes and lack of fidelity to the intervention as originally designed by the partnership), data collection (e.g., data collection time points and retention strategies), and clinical (e.g., contamination) factors.
Livestock Owners’ Perception on the Impact of Ghibe-III Hydroelectric Dam on Bovine Trypanosomosis, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Wudneh Solomon Mekuria 
Published: October 2022

Background: Trypanosomosis is an endemic livestock disease in Ethiopia. The problem prevails mainly in the South, Southwest, and Northwest regions following main rivers and their tributaries. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Loma and Kindo Didaye districts near the Ghibe-III hydroelectric dam, to compare dam impact upstream and downstream, from January 2019 to June 2020. Two hundred standardized questionnaire surveys were administered. The questionnaire included biography, livestock population before and after dam construction, knowledge of major livestock diseases, clinical signs, transmission, seasonality, and wildlife population status was assessed. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U Test. Results and discussion: A total of 189 questionnaires were returned out of 200 questionnaires administered. Among the respondents, the majorities were males and had an average age of 39.4 + 10.6. In all herd size levels, there was no significant ( P > .05) difference before dam construction between the 2 districts; whereas, statistically significant ( P < .05) large and medium herd sizes increased by 16%(95% CI: 0.5, 31.5) after dam construction in Loma district; whereas, the same herd size reduced by 20%(95% CI:0,43.7) after dam construction with statistically significant( P < .05) difference. Bovine trypanosomosis ranked first among major diseases. Knowledge of clinical signs, transmission, and seasonality of trypanosomosis was consistent with the literature. 87.8% of respondents in Loma associated reduction of trypanosomosis and tsetse population, but 77% of Kindo Didaye respondents perceived no change in prevalence after dam construction. More reduction in wildlife population was observed upstream than downstream, health services improved, and disease outbreaks and cattle deaths were reduced. Studies in African countries indicate the reduction in tsetse apparent density and absences of wildlife contributed to the reduction of trypanosomosis. CONCLUSION: An increased herd size, reduced trypanosomosis prevalence, and wildlife population observed upstream, indicate artificial Lake has an impact on tsetse apparent density. Therefore, follow-up of the disease prevalence and investigation of drug resistance is recommended to prove the situation in the study area.
Are There Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Management and Outcomes of Surgically Treated Distal Radius Fractures?
Authors: Dhanjani Suraj A. , Gomez Gabriela , Rogers Davis , LaPorte Dawn 
Published: October 2022

Background: Racial/ethnic disparities have been demonstrated across multiple orthopedic sub-specialties. There is a paucity of literature examining disparities in distal radius fracture (DRF) management. Methods: Using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, we analyzed 15 559 non-Hispanic (NH) White, NH Black, NH Asian, and Hispanic adults who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for DRF from 2013 to 2019. We evaluated time from hospital admission to surgery and length of stay using Poisson regression. Deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism (PE), and wound complications were reported using descriptive statistics. Thirty-day reoperation and readmission were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results: Wait time to surgery was longer for Hispanic patients than NH White patients (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 2.54, P < .001); this narrowed over time (IRR: 0.944, P = .047). Length of stay was longer for NH Black (IRR: 1.78, P < .001) and Hispanic patients (IRR: 1.83, P < .001), but shorter for NH Asian (IRR: 0.715, P = .019) than NH White patients; this temporally narrowed for NH Black patients (IRR: 0.908, P = .001). Deep venous thrombosis, PE, and wound complications occurred at a rate less than 0.30% across all groups. Hispanic patients were less likely to undergo reoperation than NH White patients (odds ratio [OR]: 0.254, P = .003). While there was no difference in readmission between groups in the aggregated study period, NH Black patients experienced a temporal increase in readmissions relative to NH White patients (OR: 1.40, P = .038). Conclusions: Racial and ethnic disparities exist in DRF management. Further investigation on causes for and solutions to combat these disparities in DRF care may help improve the inequities observed.