bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental Perceptions and Concerns Related to the Consequences of
Pediatric Obesity: Feeling or Real Problem?
Authors: Puma Andrea , Pecoraro Luca , Salvottini Chiara , Carbonare Luca Dalle , Piacentini Giorgio , Pietrobelli Angelo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Lifestyle modifications (i.e., nutrition and physical activity) remain the main tools in the
context of childhood obesity’s treatment and prevention of short and long-term consequences. At the
same time, parental perception of child weight represents an even more important tool. It is known
that more than half of parents of overweight/obese children underestimate their child’s weight status
or are not worried about the risks associated with childhood overweight/obesity. Consequently,
parental perception of childhood obesity can often be erroneous, and, even when accurate, subsequent
parental behaviors can inadvertently contribute to the onset or persistence of childhood and adult
obesity. Starting from the evidence that targeting a parent to induce a behavioral change is more
effective than targeting the child only without parental participation, parental perceptions of
childhood obesity can therefore represent a very important tool to take into consideration to achieve
improvements in the context of childhood obesity. Therefore, knowledge of parental perception of
children's weight status is needed to help pediatricians to organize and adapt activities and programs
that promote healthy weight management among children. Specifically, early assessments of parents'
perceptions of a child's weight, followed by regular follow-up visits, appropriate feedback,
continuing education efforts, and efforts to follow the child’s weight status over time, can be
potentially very helpful.
Location Tracking Mechanisms for Dementia Patients
Authors: Arora Parul , Deswal Suman 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Dementia causes a slow decline in the cognitive impairing abilities in the behavior of the elders. This suppresses the elders to live independently due to their wandering tendencies. To reduce any kind of harm to such patients, consistent supervision is required by the caretaker. The existing location tracking methods consume high energy to provide the accurate location.

Introduction:
Some systems have been developed to track the wandering pattern of patients in indoor and outdoor environments. Initially, the methodologies used for location tracking use sensors, accelerometers and based on embedded programs. However, these methods do not provide high accuracy and are hence unreliable.

Method:
In this paper, a study on the location detection algorithms based upon frequency of visit, navigation, geofences, and movement patterns is carried out. Many other algorithms based on location tracking are discussed in this study.

Results:
The algorithms are compared on the basis of accuracy, recall rate, detection rate, and false alarm rate. The algorithms based on geofence provide 95% detection rate, 95% accuracy, less than 3% false alarm rate, and less than 1 ms latency. The algorithms based on navigation provide 85% detection rate, 95% accuracy, less than 2% false alarm rate, and less than 10 s latency, while the algorithms based on movement pattern offer 90% detection rate, 90% accuracy, 5% false alarm rate and 12 s latency.

Conclusion:
The study shows that geofences provide the best solution in detecting the location of patients.
Anti-Quorum Sensing Effect of Salvadora Persica Against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212)
Authors: Kadhim Ehsan , Amin Bushra , Amin Bassam 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Quorum Sensing (QS) is a mechanism many bacteria use to manage their cooperative activities and physiological functions. The Fsr system in Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29,212) is an example of quorum sensing with a cell density-dependent two-component regulatory system mechanism. Several publications have shown that the Fsr system and proteases independently contribute to E. faecalis pathogenicity in various infection models.

Objectives:
There is currently no published research to determine the exact molecular ability of Salvadora persica on quorum-sensing genes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the plant extracts that inhibit the expression of the quorum-sensing gene (FsrC).

Methods:
Different fractions of Salvadora persica were obtained using different solvents, including standard hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethyl alcohol, and water which are expressed as fractions 1,2,3,4,5 and 6, respectively. Antibacterial activity assay of different plant extracts (S. persica) was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Finally, the relative expression of the quorum-sensing (QS) gene was evaluated using a One-step quantitative RT-PCR PrimeScript™ RT-PCR Kit.

Results:
All fractions of S. persica showed antimicrobial activity. However, ethyl acetate- S. persica inhibited the growth of E. faecalis (ATCC 29,212) at the lowest concentration, which was 20mg/ml and the highest concentration inhibited the growth of E. faecalis (ATCC 29,212) was 60mg/ml (chloroform- S. persica). Furthermore, the highest change fold value of (4.99) was recorded in treated E. faecalis (ATCC 29,212) with fraction 1 (hexane).

Conclusion:
Overall, S. persica showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis (ATCC 29,212). However, more studies are required to investigate the effect of different plant extracts on quorum-sensing genes of Enterococcus faecalis.
Inflammation Progresses to Normal Tissue in Patients with Anthracosis after Discontinuation of Exposure to Fossil Fuel
Authors: Samet Mohammad , Binesh Fariba , Zand Sanaz , Rezaeisadrabadi Mohammad , Nazemian Ryan 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Exposure to toxic materials predisposes the lungs to infectious agents and inflammatory responses. The present study was performed on patients with anthracosis caused by exposure to fossil fuels in previous years, and histopathological features of airways’ normal-appearing tissue were compared with histopathological features of anthracotic plaques in these patients.

Methods:
Bronchoscopic evaluations were performed on bakery workers who were directly in contact with fossil fuels. Samples were taken from anthracotic plaques (Group A) or seemingly intact tissues at their periphery (Group B). Pathological evaluations were done after hematoxylin and eosin staining. Then, microbiological cultures were performed for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Data obtained from bronchoscopy, pathology, and cultures were compared between anthracotic and normal-appearing peripheral tissues using chi-square and analysis of variances (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level.

Results:
Sixty-eight patients were diagnosed with anthracotic plaques. The mean ± SD of the patients’ age was 72.12 ± 13.74 years. Females comprised 58.8% of the sample, and 85.3% of the patients were Iranian. The frequency rates of disseminated plaques and obstructive types were 86.8% and 48.5%, respectively. Ten patients (14.70%) were diagnosed with tuberculosis, and 4.41% (3 of 68) had granuloma, which was detectable only in samples gathered from Group A. Fibrosis was more common in Group A (10.3%, p = 0.03), and most of the evaluated samples in both groups exhibited inflammatory features.

Conclusion:
Inflammatory changes and tissue damage can be seen in anthracotic plaques and the surrounding normal-appearing tissue, even after removing the triggering factors. So, it is suggested to take a biopsy from seemingly intact tissue at the periphery of the anthracotic plaque when a biopsy is needed in a patient with anthracosis to reduce the risk of bleeding. Besides, medical treatment should be done to control inflammation.
The Role of Resilience towards the Correlation between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Post-Traumatic Growth
Authors: Widyorini Endang , Roswita Maria Yang , Primastuti Emiliana , Wijaya Daniswara Agusta 
Published: May 2022

Background:Positive changes may occur in someone after experiencing a traumatic childhood. Previous research found that Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) could not be the only factor that becomes the cause for an individual’s Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG); thus, research that describes the role of a mediator in both variables is needed. Since studies investigating ACEs among Indonesia participants are still lacking, this would be considered as initial research on the relations of ACEs and PTG.Objective:This research was aimed to investigate how resilience becomes a mediator between children’s traumatic experiences of ACEs and PTG.Methods:This research used a quantitative correlational method to investigate the relation between the three examined variables: Adverse Childhood Experience (ACEs), Resilience, and Post-traumatic Growth (PTG). A total of 349 participants were participated in this research, with the age range from 12 to 65 years old, predominantly female (N = 271;77,7%). Three research instruments were used in this study, such as the Adverse Childhood Experiences scale, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, and Post Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI).Results:The results showed a significant correlation between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience, and Post-Traumatic Growth. A Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis revealed a nonsignificant impact from ACEs to PTG. Resilience is proven to play the role of a mediator in the relation between ACEs and PTG, which was shown using the submitted model plot that revealed a higher total effect after resilience was placed as the intervening variable (standardized total coefficient = –.192). Details on mediating effects of each resilience factor were presented and explained further, along with the discussion on Indonesia's cultural background.Conclusion:This article revealed the connection between the ACE that the individual experienced in the past with resilience and PTG. Indonesian-related culture and characteristics were also explained.
Incidence of Preterm Infants, Indications of Admission, Risk Factors, and Discharge Outcome: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hassan Atyat Mohammed 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Prematurity is still a major cause of neonatal and infant mortality and morbidity.

Aim:
This study aimed to describe the incidence of preterm infants, indications of admission, risk factors, and discharge outcome.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective, descriptive design was used. A sample of 692 preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) was included. A structured sheet was used to gather the necessary data. It involved two parts: characteristics of preterm infants and their mothers and risk factors concerning preterm birth.

Results:
The study found that 49.4% of admitted neonates were preterm; among them, 48.1% died on discharge. Moreover, there were significant relations between the type of gestation (p=0.000), mothers' age (p=0.001), anemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, antepartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of membranes, obstructed labor, family history of medical diseases, and mothers' history of medical diseases with preterm infants' gestational age (p=0.01, 0.001, 0.02, 0.01, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, respectively). Moreover, it was observed that higher admission of preterm infants who had respiratory problems, followed by gastrointestinal problems.

Conclusion:
There was a higher prevalence with a higher mortality rate of admitted preterm infants to NICU. Likewise, the type of gestation, mothers' age, presence of complications during pregnancy, bad obstetric history, and family and medical history of diseases were the most common risk factors of prematurity. Moreover, respiratory problems were the main etiology for admission of preterm infants to NICU. Therefore, early screening of diseases and obstetric complications during pregnancy is recommended.

Implications for Nursing Practice:
Providing educational programs for pediatric nurses will increase their level of awareness regarding incidence, indications, risk factors, and discharge outcome of prematurity, thus reducing the rate of mortality and morbidity among preterm infants.
Insulin Sensitivity / Insulin Resistance as Predictors of Esophageal Varices in Post Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients
Authors: Badawi Rehab , Watany Mona Mohamed , Elsabagh Hala Moustafa , Elkhalawany Walaa 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Screening of Esophageal Varices (EV) in liver cirrhosis is highly recommended in all consensus reports. The standard screening procedure is endoscopy. Insulin resistance (IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) are reliable predictors of portal hypertension.

Objective:
The study aimed to assess and compare the validity of insulin sensitivity/insulin resistance markers and other non-invasive markers for the detection of EVs in post chronic hepatitis C virus cirrhotic patients.

Patients and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 76 patients were screened by esophagogastroduodenoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography. Estimation of fasting serum insulin by ELISA technique was carried out. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and QUICKI was performed.

Results:
The patients with an advanced grade of EV had higher insulin resistance and lower QUICKI. A cut-off value of HOMA-IR ≥ 3.4 could significantly predict EVs with 72% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity. Spleen diameter and platelet count/spleen diameter ratio (PC/SD) showed a significant difference among groups.

Conclusion:
Lower insulin sensitivity (assessed by QUICKI) and higher insulin resistance (assessed by HOMA IR) were good non-invasive predictors of EVs. In addition, portal vein (PV) diameter, spleen diameter, and PC/SD were also found as predictors of EVs.
Implementing Electronic Health Records in Primary Care Using the Theory of Change: Nigerian Case Study
Authors: Adedeji Taiwo , Fraser Hamish , Scott Philip 
Published: May 2022

Background
Digital health has been a tool of transformation for the delivery of health care services globally. An electronic health record (EHR) system can solve the bottleneck of paper documentation in health service delivery if it is successfully implemented, but poor implementation can lead to a waste of resources. The study of EHR system implementation in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is of particular interest to health stakeholders such as policy makers, funders, and care providers because of the efficiencies and evidence base that could result from the appropriate evaluation of such systems.

Objective
We aimed to develop a theory of change (ToC) for the implementation of EHRs for maternal and child health care delivery in LMICs. The ToC is an outcomes-based approach that starts with the long-term goals and works backward to the inputs and mediating components required to achieve these goals for complex programs.

Methods
We used the ToC approach for the whole implementation’s life cycle to guide the pilot study and identify the preconditions needed to realize the study’s long-term goal at Festac Primary Health Centre in Lagos, Nigeria. To evaluate the maturity of the implementation, we adapted previously defined success factors to supplement the ToC approach.

Results
The initial ToC map showed that the long-term goal was an improved service delivery in primary care with the introduction of EHRs. The revised ToC revealed that the long-term change was the improved maternal and child health care delivery at Festac Primary Health Center using EHRs. We proposed a generic ToC map that implementers in LMICs can use to introduce an optimized EHR system, with assumptions about sustainability and other relevant factors. The outcomes from the critical success factors were sustainability: the sustained improvements included trained health care professionals, a change in mindset from using paper systems toward digital health transformation, and using the project’s laptops to collect aggregate data for the District Health Information System 2–based national health information management system; financial: we secured funding to procure IT equipment, including servers, laptops, and networking, but the initial cost of implementation was high, and funds mainly came from the funding partner; and organizational: the health professionals, especially the head of nursing and health information officers, showed significant commitment to adopting the EHR system, but certain physicians and midwives were unwilling to use the EHR system initially until they were persuaded or incentivized by the management.

Conclusions
This study shows that the ToC is a rewarding approach to framing dialogue with stakeholders and serves as a framework for planning, evaluation, learning, and reflection. We hypothesized that any future health IT implementation in primary care could adapt our ToC approach to their contexts with necessary modifications based on inherent characteristics.
Intravenous Infusion of Autoserum-Expanded Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Patients With Chronic Brain Injury: Protocol for a Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Oka Shinichi , Yamaki Tomohiro , Sasaki Masanori , Ukai Ryo , Takemura Mitsuhiro , Yokoyama Takahiro , Kataoka-Sasaki Yuko , Onodera Rie , Ito Yoichi M , Kobayashi Shigeki , Kocsis Jeffery D , Iwadate Yasuo , Honmou Osamu 
Published: May 2022

Background
Brain injuries resulting from motor vehicle accidents and falls, as well as hypoxic insults and other conditions, are one of the leading causes of disability and death in the world. Current treatments are limited but include continuous rehabilitation, especially for chronic brain injury. Recent studies have demonstrated that the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has therapeutic efficacy for several neurological diseases, including stroke and spinal cord injury.

Objective
The objective of our investigator-initiated clinical trial is to assess the safety and potential efficacy of the intravenous infusion of autoserum-expanded autologous MSCs for patients with chronic brain injury.

Methods
The (phase 2) trial will be a single-arm, open-label trial with the primary objective of confirming the safety and efficacy of autoserum-expanded autologous MSCs (STR-01; produced under good manufacturing practices) when administered to patients with chronic brain injury. The estimated number of enrolled participants is 6 to 20 patients with a modified Rankin Scale grade of 3 to 5. The assessment of safety and the proportion of cases in which the modified Rankin Scale grade improves by 1 point or more at 180 days after the injection of STR-01 will be performed after MSC infusion.

Results
We received approval for our clinical trial from the Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency on December 12, 2017. The trial will be completed on June 11, 2023. The registration term is 5 years. The recruitment of the patients for this trial started on April 20, 2018, at Sapporo Medical University Hospital in Japan.

Conclusions
Our phase 2 study will aim to address the safety and efficacy of the intravenous infusion of MSCs for patients with chronic brain injury. The use of STR-01 has been performed for patients with cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury, providing encouraging results. The potential therapeutic efficacy of the systemic administration of autoserum-expanded autologous MSCs for chronic brain injury should be evaluated, given its safety and promising results for stroke and spinal cord injury.

Trial Registration
Japan Medical Association Center for Clinical Trials JMA-IIA00333; https://tinyurl.com/nzkdfnbc

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/37898
Menciptakan Aparatur Yang Profesional Untuk Penyelenggaraan Birokrasi Dalam Pelayanan Publik
Authors: Anugrah Dwinda , Satoto Sukamto , Hartati Hartati 
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini dibuat untuk mengetahui permasalahan mengenai aparatur yang tidak profesional dalam melakukan pelayanan publik kepada masyarakat, serta mengetahui bagaimana cara menciptakan aparatur yang profesional. Aparatur sipil negara adalah para pegawai yang berkedudukan sebagai aparatur negara yang bertugas memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Aparatur yang Profesional artinya menekankan kepada kemampuan, keterampilan dan keahlian aparatur pemerintah dalam memberikan pelayanan publik yang responsif, transparansi, efektivitas dan efesien.
Kewenangan Lembaga Ombudsman Terhadap Kategori Rumah Sakit Publik Dan Rumah Sakit Privat di Bidang Kesehatan
Authors: Tumangger Elfi Nola , Satoto Sukamto , Hartati Hartati 
Published: May 2022

Artikel ini membahas mengenai kewenangan ombudsman sebagai pengawas pelayan publik di bidang kesehatan (Studi Undang-Undang NO. 37 TAHUN 2008 Tentang Ombudsman Terhadap Rumah Sakit Publik dan Rumah Sakit Privat). kategori pelayanan kesehatan tidak lepas dengan fasilitas tempat yang namanya rumah sakit. Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Nomor Tahun 2009 tentang Rumah Sakit. Rumah sakit merupakan organisasi yang bergerak di bidang pelayanan publik, secara khusus kesehatan. Dalam perbuatan maladamisnistrasi maka dibutuhkan keberadaan dari lembaga pengawas penyelenggara pelayanan publik secara khusus dibidang kesehatan. Dalam artikel ini akan di bahas mengenai kewenangan Ombudsman dalam konsep rumah sakit publik dan rumah sakit privat sesuai dengan ketentuan ketentuan pasal 1 angka 1 Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2008 tentang Ombudsman Republik Indonesia.
1006-P: Differences in Diabetes Technology Use Only Partially Explain Disparities in Type 1 Diabetes Outcomes in Minority Youth
Authors: STEIN CHERYL R. , ILKOWITZ JENIECE , GONZALEZ JUANA E. , GALLAGHER MARY PAT 
Published: May 2022

Diabetes technology (DT) use is associated with lower HbA1c levels in type 1 diabetes (T1D) . Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic populations with T1D have higher HbA1c levels and lower DT use compared to non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations. At our Pediatric Diabetes Center, DT use is high across all race and ethnicity groups, but disparities in outcomes remain. We sought to examine the extent to which DT use accounts for disparities.
We abstracted EHR data for patients ages 2-25 with T1D &gt;/= 12 month duration. HbA1c &gt;9% was categorized as high. Patients identifying as non-white, Hispanic, or whose preferred language was not English were grouped and compared to the NHW, English speaking group. T-test and chi-square statistics compared demographic and clinical characteristics by HbA1c category. Binomial regression with generalized estimating equations estimated risk ratios (RR; 95% confidence intervals; CI) for the association between minority race/language (MRL) and high HbA1c. First, models were adjusted for age and insurance type, then for CGM and pump use.
Data was collected over 13 months (2020-21) from 264 patients over 549 visits (mean 2.1, SD 1.2) . Thirty-three percent of patients identified as MRL. At their most recent visit, 19% had HbA1c &gt;9% (MRL 36% vs. non-MRL 11%) , 86% used CGMs (MRL 73% vs. non-MRL 93%) , and 80% were using pumps (MRL 76% vs. non-MRL 81%) ; 95% of pump users also used CGMs. There was no difference in HbA1c category by number of visits, time since diagnosis, age, or sex. In regression models, MRL youth were 2.7 (95% CI 1.7-4.4) times more likely to be in the high HbA1c category as compared to non-MRL youth, adjusted for age and insurance. When also adjusting for CGM and pump use, MRL patients remained twice as likely to be in the high HbA1c category (RR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2-3.3) . While the disparity in HbA1c between MRL youth compared to non-MRL youth can be partially attributed to DT use, disparity persists even after accounting for use of DT.

Disclosure
C.R.Stein: None. J.Ilkowitz: None. J.E.Gonzalez: None. M.Gallagher: None.