bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of Patras Immunotherapy Score model for prediction and prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab: results from a European multicentre study
Authors: Dimitrakopoulos Foteinos-Ioannis , Mountzios Giannis , Christopoulos Petros , Papastergiou Thomas , Elshiaty Mariam , Daniello Lea , Zervas Elefterios , Agelaki Sofia , Samantas Epaminondas , Nikolaidi Adamantia , Athanasiadis Ilias , Baka Sofia , Syrigos Konstantinos , Christopoulou Athina , Lianos Evangelos , Samitas Konstantinos , Tsoukalas Nikolaos , Perdikouri Eleni-Isidora , Oikonomopoulos George , Kottorou Anastasia , Kalofonou Foteini , Makatsoris Thomas , Koutras Angelos , Megalooikonomou Vasileios , Kalofonos Haralabos 
Published: September 2022

Background: Recently, the Patras Immunotherapy Score (PIOS) has been developed to estimate the survival benefit of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab. The aim of this study was to validate the clinical value of PIOS in an external cohort of aNSCLC patients. Methods: PIOS is a baseline formula produced by the combination of performance status, body mass index, age and line of treatment. In this multicentre study, 626 patients with confirmed NSCLC pathology, who had been treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab, as well as 444 patients with aNSCLC, who had been managed with chemotherapy alone, were retrospectively enrolled. Predictive and prognostic values of PIOS were finally evaluated. Results: Patients treated with immunotherapy and higher PIOS score had an improved progression-free survival not only in univariate [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.621, p = 0.001], but also in multivariable analysis (HR = 0.651, p = 0.003). In addition, improved overall survival with increasing PIOS score was also observed (HR = 0.608, p < 0.001) with this association remaining statistically significant after adjusting for programmed-cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (HR = 0.620, p < 0.001). In addition, patients with disease progression (PD) had lower scores compared to those with stable disease (SD), partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) in a two-tier model ( p < 0.001) as well as in a four-tier model (PD, SD, PR and CR; p < 0.001). Prognostic significance of PIOS score also persisted using a binary logistic regression analysis, adjusted for disease stage and PD-L1 status ( p = 0.002, odds ratio: 0.578). Contrarily, PIOS had no prognostic significance in the chemotherapy group; however, upon combined analysis of the two cohorts, PIOS was found to have a significant interaction with the type of treatment (HR = 0.066 with p < 0.001), confirming its predictive value for immunotherapy. Conclusions: This study provides further validation of PIOS in aNSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1 monotherapy.
Establishment of a New Qualitative Evaluation Method for Articular Cartilage by Dynamic T2w MRI Using a Novel Contrast Medium as a Water Tracer
Authors: Hosokawa Yoshiaki , Onodera Tomohiro , Homan Kentaro , Yamaguchi Jun , Kudo Kohsuke , Kameda Hiroyuki , Sugimori Hiroyuki , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: September 2022

Objective In the early stages of cartilage damage, diagnostic methods focusing on the mechanism of maintaining the hydrostatic pressure of cartilage are thought to be useful. 17O-labeled water, which is a stable isotope of oxygen, has the advantage of no radiation exposure or allergic reactions and can be detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate MRI images using 17O-labeled water in a rabbit model. Design Contrast MRI with 17O-labeled water and macroscopic and histological evaluations were performed 4 and 8 weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transection surgery in rabbits. A total of 18 T2-weighted images were acquired, and 17O-labeled water was manually administered on the third scan. The 17O concentration in each phase was calculated from the signal intensity at the articular cartilage. Macroscopic and histological grades were evaluated and compared with the 17O concentration. Results An increase in 17O concentration in the macroscopic and histologically injured areas was observed by MRI. Macroscopic evaluation showed that the 17O concentration significantly increased in the damaged site group. Histological evaluations also showed that 17O concentrations significantly increased at 36 minutes 30 seconds after initiating MRI scanning in the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) grade 3 (0.493 in grade 0, 0.659 in grade 1, 0.4651 in grade 2, and 0.9964 in grade 3, P < 0.05). Conclusion 17O-labeled water could visualize earlier articular cartilage damage, which is difficult to detect by conventional methods.
Central venous sampling and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Aydoğan Ünsal Yasemin , Öz Gül Özen , Ateş Coşkun , Aydemir Ensar , Cander Soner , Ersoy Canan , Özpar Rifat , Hakyemez Bahattin , Ertürk Erdinç 
Published: September 2022

Objectives Central venous sampling (CVS) with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation is a crucial technique in evaluating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing’s syndrome (CS). We evaluated central venous sampling (CVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in predicting the localization and lateralization of pituitary microadenomas. Methods We analyzed 29 patients with CS who underwent CVS with CRH stimulation and examined with MRI retrospectively. Catheterization to central sinuses was successfully performed in 26 patients. Three patients with variant anatomy or inability to cannulate were diagnosed with CD after examination of pathology. Results After CVS, among 26 patients, 23 patients were determined to have CD (88.4%) and 2 (7.7%) patients were diagnosed with ectopic ACTH syndrome. One patient was diagnosed with CD postoperatively. While the sensitivity of the CVS was 95.6%, sensitivity of the preoperative pituitary MRI was lower (69.5%). Also, the negative predictive value ratio was higher in CVS than in MRI (66% versus 22%). Diagnostic accuracy in the lateralization of the tumor was high as in CVS as in MRI (76.4% versus 73.9%). Conclusion Central venous sampling with higher sensitivity in the localization of pituitary microadenoma, also has approximately similar diagnostic accuracy in lateralizing the tumor with MRI.
Oral surgery: Considerations for the medically complex patient
Authors: Bryant Cathy 
Published: September 2022

As life expectancy and the number of people living with chronic illness increases, the medical complexity of patients requiring oral surgery will also increase. This and the continuously evolving range of medical treatments used to manage their conditions will increasingly challenge dentists in both primary and secondary care to avoid complications and treat this patient group safely. This paper will describe the importance of careful treatment planning including consideration of the timing and location in which oral surgery is undertaken for medically complex patients. The risk of acute medical events, bleeding, infection, and impaired healing which may complicate oral surgical procedures in this group of patients is discussed and the role in their care played by general dental practitioners explored.
An evaluation of patient informed consent for dental extractions
Authors: Arya Richa , Jadun Sarah , Shah Aneesha 
Published: September 2022

Dental practitioners are well versed in informing patients of the risks and benefits associated with dental extractions. The purpose of this service evaluation was to determine whether patients understood and recalled information relevant to their planned oral surgery procedure, prior to second stage consent. A questionnaire was distributed to patients who were attending for their elective treatment appointment. This explored their ability to recall the planned intervention, the modality of treatment (local anaesthetic, intravenous sedation, or general anaesthetic), understanding of alternative treatment options and the risks associated with the procedure. Completed responses were received from 29 of the distributed questionnaires (response rate=58%). The majority of patients were not aware of the following risks with their procedure: pain, bleeding, bruising, swelling, infection, damage to adjacent structures. Despite a well-documented consent form and comprehensive discussion, we identified that patients may not comprehend or recollect the risks associated with their dental extraction. As dental professionals we have a duty to seek ways to facilitate patient understanding and maximise their autonomy.
Anticoagulant but not antiplatelet use is associated with haematuria complications after bladder outflow surgery
Authors: Hilbert Rebecca , Bibby Lisa , Boxall Nicholas , Srinivasan Luxna , Aho Tev , Lamb Benjamin W 
Published: September 2022

Objective: The evidence on the safety of peri-procedural management of more novel antithrombotic medication in the context of a wider option of bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) procedures is limited. We aimed to assess the risk of delayed discharge or readmission (specifically due to haematuria) for all patients undergoing BOO surgery. Patients and methods: Prospective identification of all patients undergoing any type of BOO procedure at a single centre between April and December 2019 was performed. Clinical information was obtained from electronic patient records to scrutinise medications, procedure, delayed discharge and readmission within 30 days of surgery due to haematuria. Results: Two hundred forty patients were identified. In all, 78.6% (22/28) of patients on anticoagulants were on novel agents. The delayed discharge rate due to haematuria was 0.58% (1/171) in the no antithrombotic group and 7.14% (2/28) in the anticoagulant-only group. Increased age and perioperative anticoagulant therapy predicated delayed discharge. Readmissions due to haematuria were statistically significant with 1.16% (2/171) readmitted with no antithombotics, compared with 14.3% (4/28) of those on anticoagulants ( p ⩽ 0.01). Conclusion: Perioperative anticoagulant use is associated with an increased risk of readmission following BOO surgery. Further work is required to help stratify and lower risk, especially with evolving surgical and medical technologies. Level of evidence: 3b
Reported Events Associated With Spine Robots: An Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience Database
Authors: Kirchner Gregory J. , Kim Andrew H. , Kwart Ariel H. , Weddle John B. , Bible Jesse E. 
Published: September 2022

Study Design Cross-Sectional Analysis Objectives To summarize medical device reports (MDRs) between August 1, 2017 and November 30, 2021 relating to robot-assisted spine systems within the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database maintained by The Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Methods The MAUDE database was abstract for all MDRs relating to each FDA-approved robot-assisted spine system. Event descriptions were reviewed and characterized into specific event types. Outcome measures include specific robot-assisted spine systems and reported events as detailed by the MDRs. All data is de-identified and in compliance with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Results There were 263 MDRs consisting of 265 reported events. Misplaced screws represented 61.5% (n = 163) of reported events. Of the 163 reported events, 57.1% (n = 93) described greater than 1 misplaced screw, 15.3% (n = 25) required return to the operating room, 8.6% (n = 14) resulted in neurologic injury, 4.3% (n = 7) resulted in dural tear, and 1.2% (n = 2) resulted in hemorrhage or bleeding. Reported events other than misplaced screws included system imprecision detected prior to screw placement (58/265, 21.9%), mechanical failure (23/265, 8.7%), and software failure (18/265, 6.8%). Conclusions As more robot-assisted spine systems gain FDA approval and the adoption of these systems continues to grow, documenting and understanding the range of reported events associated with each “tool” is imperative to balancing patient safety with surgical innovation. This study of the MAUDE database provides a unique summary of reported events associated with robot-assisted spine systems that is not directly linked to a research setting.
Refractory Choroidal Neovascularization in a Patient With Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum and Cowden Syndrome
Authors: Wu Frances , Mukai Shizuo 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: To describe a patient with concurrent pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) and Cowden syndrome who developed choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to angioid streaks. The CNV presented at a young age and was relatively refractory to intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed. Results: A 32-year-old man was treated for bilateral sequential CNV over 11 years. Good visual acuity was maintained with 53 anti-VEGF injections in the right eye and 82 injections in the left eye. On average, 1 injection was administered every 1.7 months in each eye to control the exudation. A skin biopsy and genetic testing confirmed a diagnosis of PXE. He was also found to harbor a PTEN mutation consistent with Cowden syndrome. Conclusions: The concurrent PTEN mutation lends a possible explanation for the relative resistance of CNV to anti-VEGF therapy in this patient with PXE. Phosphatase and tensin homolog is a tumor suppressor that negatively regulates the VEGF pathway.
Māori elders’ perspectives of end-of-life family care: whānau carers as knowledge holders, weavers, and navigators
Authors: Simpson Mary Louisa , McAllum Kirstie , Oetzel John , Berryman Kay , Reddy Rangimahora 
Published: September 2022

Background: There is growing interest in palliative care within Indigenous communities, and within Aotearoa New Zealand, of the significant role that Māori (Indigenous people) families play in caring for older relatives. This study explored the centrality of culture in how Māori extended families ( whānau) in Aotearoa New Zealand interpret and enact family-based care roles within the Māori world ( Te Ao Māori). Methods: Applying Māori-centered and community-based participatory research principles, we examined 17 interviews with older Māori who shared experiences of palliative care for a partner or family member. The thematic analysis used a cultural-discursive framework incorporating Māori principles of wellbeing and values expressed within the care relationship. Results: The findings centered on three whānau roles in palliative care: whānau as (1) Holders and protectors of Māori knowledge; (2) Weavers of spiritual connection; and (3) Navigators in different worlds. Conclusion: The study problematizes the notion of a single ‘primary caregiver’, privileges whānau as an inter-woven relational, dynamic care network, and encourages health professionals to recognize the cultural embeddedness of dominant approaches to palliative care.
Columbite supergroup of minerals: nomenclature and classification
Authors: Chukanov Nikita V. , Pasero Marco , Aksenov Sergey M. , Britvin Sergey N. , Zubkova Natalia V. , Yike Li , Witzke Thomas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe columbite supergroup is established. It includes five mineral groups (ixiolite, wolframite, samarskite, columbite and wodginite) and one ungrouped species (lithiotantite). The criteria for a mineral to belong to the columbite supergroup are: the general stoichiometry MO2; the crystal structure based on the hexagonal close packing (hcp) of anions (or close to it); the six-fold coordination number of M-type cations (augmented to eight-fold in the case of slight distortion of hcp); and the presence of zig-zag chains of edge-sharing M-centred polyhedra. The ixiolite-type structure is considered as an aristotype with the space group Pbcn, the smallest unit cell volume, and the basic vectors a0, b0 and c0. Based on the multiplying of the ixiolite-type unit cell the following derivatives are distinguished: ixiolite type [ixiolite-group minerals; a = a0,b = b0 and c = c0; space group Pbcn; the members are ixiolite-(Mn2+), ixiolite-(Fe2+), scrutinyite, seifertite and srilankite]; wolframite type [wolframite-group minerals, ordered analogues of the ixiolite type with a = a0,b = b0 and c = c0; P2/c; the members are ferberite, hübnerite, huanzalaite, sanmartinite, heftetjernite, nioboheftetjernite, rossovskyite and riesite]; samarskite type [samarskite-group minerals; a = 2a0, b = b0 and c = c0; P2/c; the members are samarskite-(Y), ekebergite and shakhdaraite-(Y)]; columbite type [columbite-group minerals; a = 3a0,b = b0 and c = c0; Pbcn; the members are columbite-(Fe), columbite-(Mn), columbite-(Mg), tantalite-(Fe), tantalite-(Mn), tantalite-(Mg), fersmite, euxenite-(Y), tanteuxenite-(Y) and uranopolycrase]; and wodginite type [wodginite-group minerals; a = 2a0,b = 2b0 and c = c0; C2/c; the members are wodginite, ferrowodginite, titanowodginite, ferrotitanowodginite, tantalowodginite, lithiowodginite and achalaite]. Samarskite-(Yb), ishikawaite and calciosamarskite are insufficiently studied, tentatively considered as possible members of the samarskite supergroup. Qitianlingite, yttrocolumbite-(Y), yttrotantalite-(Y) and yttrocrasite-(Y) are questionable and need further studies. Polycrase-(Y) is discredited as identical to euxenite-(Y). Ixiolite has been renamed as ixiolite-(Mn2+), with the end-member formula (Ta2/3Mn2+1/3)O2. Ta- and Nb-dominant analogues of ixiolite with different schemes of charge balancing have the end-member formulae (M15+0.5M23+0.5)O2, M15+2/3M22+1/3)O2, M15+0.75M2+0.25)O2 or M15+0.8□0.2)O2 and the root name ‘ixiolite’ (for M1 = Ta) or ‘nioboixiolite’ (for M1 = Nb).
Prospective Hemophilia Inhibitor PUP Study reveals distinct antibody signatures during FVIII inhibitor eradication
Authors: Paul Helmut , Berg Verena , Gangadharan Bagirath , Bowen Joel , LeBeau Petra , Blatný Jan , Male Christoph , Radulescu Vlad C. , Diaz Rosa , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Brown Deborah L. , Reipert Birgit M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitor formation is a major clinical concern during replacement therapy in patients with hemophilia A. Immune tolerance induction (ITI) is the only therapeutic approach to attempt inhibitor eradication and establishment of long-term immune tolerance to FVIII. Hemophilia Inhibitor Previously Untreated Patient (PUP) Study (HIPS) was a prospective clinical trial to investigate changes in the immune system of PUPs with severe hemophilia A. Five patients who developed persistent FVIII inhibitors during HIPS entered an ITI extension arm (HIPS-ITI). During HIPS-ITI, inhibitor patients received ITI with the same FVIII product (a single source of recombinant, human full-length FVIII) used in HIPS until successful tolerance, declared failure, or a maximum of 2 years after HIPS-ITI enrollment, whichever came first. Blood samples and clinical data were collected monthly. Longitudinal FVIII-binding antibody signatures, associated binding specificities, and apparent affinities were determined for each patient at each sampling time point. ITI was successful or partially successful in 2 patients and failed in 3. Both groups presented with distinct FVIII-specific antibody signatures. ITI success required the disappearance of FVIII inhibitors, which was associated with the eradication or sustained titer minimization of high-affinity FVIII-specific antibodies, particularly of the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG4 subclasses. In contrast, ITI failure, as reflected by FVIII inhibitor persistence, was associated with persistent high-affinity FVIII-specific antibodies. Interestingly, 1 patient with partial ITI success and 1 patient with ITI failure developed apparent oligoreactive FVIII-binding antibodies during ITI. The explanation of the true nature of these antibodies requires more comprehensive follow-ups in future studies. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01652027.
Proinflammatory microenvironment promotes lymphoma progression in mice with high megakaryocyte and TPO levels
Authors: Au Amanda E. , Corbin Jason , Lebois Marion , Gangatirkar Pradnya , Yassinson Fatme , Hyslop Stephanie R. , Cannon Ping , Mason Kylie D. , Li-Wai-Suen Connie S. N. , Garnham Alexandra L. , Moujalled Diane , Cimmino Luisa , Alexander Warren S. , Josefsson Emma C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Platelets have been shown to enhance the survival of lymphoma cell lines. However, it remains unclear whether they play a role in lymphoma. Here, we investigated the potential role of platelets and/or megakaryocytes in the progression of Eμ-myc lymphoma. Eμ-myc tumor cells were transplanted into recipient wild-type (WT) control, Mpl−/−, or TpoTg mice, which exhibited normal, low, and high platelet and megakaryocyte counts, respectively. TpoTg mice that underwent transplantation exhibited enhanced lymphoma progression with increased white blood cell (WBC) counts, spleen and lymph node weights, and enhanced liver infiltration when compared with WT mice. Conversely, tumor-bearing Mpl−/− mice had reduced WBC counts, lymph node weights, and less liver infiltration than WT mice. Using an Mpl-deficient thrombocytopenic immunocompromised mouse model, our results were confirmed using the human non-Hodgkin lymphoma GRANTA cell line. Although we found that platelets and platelet-released molecules supported Eμ-myc tumor cell survival in vitro, pharmacological inhibition of platelet function or anticoagulation in WT mice transplanted with Eμ-myc did not improve disease outcome. Furthermore, transient platelet depletion or sustained Bcl-xL–dependent thrombocytopenia did not alter lymphoma progression. Cytokine analysis of the bone marrow fluid microenvironment revealed increased levels of the proinflammatory molecule interleukin 1 in TpoTg mice, whereas these levels were lower in Mpl−/− mice. Moreover, RNA sequencing of blood-resident Eμ-myc lymphoma cells from TpoTg and WT mice after tumor transplantation revealed the upregulation of hallmark gene sets associated with an inflammatory response in TpoTg mice. We propose that the proinflammatory microenvironment in TpoTg mice promotes lymphoma progression.