bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollution level of trace metals (As, Pb, Cr and Cd) in the sediment of Rupsha River, Bangladesh: Assessment of ecological and human health risks
Authors: Kubra Khadijatul , Mondol Anwar Hossain , Ali Mir Mohammad , Palash Md. Amin Ullah , Islam Md. Saiful , Ahmed A. S. Shafiuddin , Masuda Mst Antara , Islam Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul , Bhuyan Md. Simul , Rahman Md. Zillur , Rahman Md. Mostafizur 
Published: August 2022

The study area was selected in the Rupsha river basin and the sediment samples were collected to determine trace metal concentrations of As, Pb, Cd, and Cr along with biological effects, and potential ecological and human health hazards for adults and children. The concentrations of trace metals were detected from sixty composite sediment samples using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) following some sequential analytical procedures. The mean concentrations of trace metals were organized in the descending order of chromium (Cr) (43.2 mg/kg) &gt; lead (Pb) (29.21 mg/kg) &gt; arsenic (As) (5.18 mg/kg) &gt; cadmium (Cd) (1.8 mg/kg). The current study highlighted that metals were attributed to the riverine sediments from natural sources and other anthropogenic sources, particularly from various industries. Based on the effect-range classifications of threshold effect concentration (TEC) and probable effect concentration (PEC), the trace metal concentrations can impact on the sediment-dwelling organisms occasionally especially for Cr, Cd, and Pb. That is, the concentrations had negative biological consequences on aquatic creatures. The assessed potential ecological risk of Cd offers a significant risk to the aquatic ecosystem, whereas As, Cr, and Cd were in low-risk. Most of the sites of the study area were within the range of moderate risk, indicated by the risk index (RI) values. Furthermore, the applied sediment quality indices, geo-accumulation index (Igeo) indicated that sediment was contaminated by Cd whereas contamination factor (CF) denoted that the sediment of the study area was moderately polluted by Pb. However, pollution load index (PLI) revealed that the study area was polluted for cumulative sence especially in winter season. The age-group risk index (HI) was much lower than the threshold limit of 1, showing that the pollution had no non-carcinogenic risk effect. Total carcinogenic risk (TCR) was less than one-tenth of a percentile. For the sake of human and environmental health, proper monitoring of metal element attribution and strict regulation are required to lessen trace metal pollution.
Identification of Autophagy-Related LncRNA to Predict the Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Duan Ling , Xia Yang , Li Chunmei , Lan Ning , Hou Xiaoming 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To establish a prediction model based on autophagy-related lncRNAs and investigate the functional enrichment of autophagy-related lncRNAs in colorectal cancer.Methods: TCGA database was used to extract the transcriptome data and clinical features of colorectal cancer patients. HADb was used to obtain autophagy-related genes. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to identify autophagy-related lncRNAs. The autophagy-related lncRNAs with prognostic values were selected. Based on the selected lncRNAs, the risk score model and nomogram were constructed, respectively. Calibration curve, concordance index, and ROC curve were performed to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the prediction model. GSEA was performed to figure out the functional enrichment of autophagy-related lncRNAs.Results: A total of 13413 lncRNAs and 938 autophagy-related genes were obtained. A total of 709 autophagy-related genes were identified in colon cancer tissues, and 11 autophagy-related lncRNAs (AL138756.1, LINC01063, CD27-AS1, LINC00957, EIF3J-DT, LINC02474, SNHG16, AC105219.1, AC068580.3, LINC02381, and LINC01011) were finally selected and set as prognosis-related lncRNAs. According to the risk score, patients were divided into the high-risk and low-risk groups, respectively. The survival K–M (Kaplan–Meier) curve showed the low-risk group exhibits better overall survival than the high-risk group. The AUCs under the ROC curves were 0.72, 0.814, and 0.83 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The C-index (concordance index) of the model was 0.814. The calibration curves at 1, 3, and 5 years showed the predicting values were consistent with the actual values. Functional enrichment analysis showed that autophagy-related lncRNAs were enriched in several pathways.Conclusions: A total of 11 specific autophagy-related lncRNAs were identified to own prognostic value in colon cancer. The predicting model based on the lncRNAs and clinical features can effectively predict the OS. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis showed that autophagy-related genes were enriched in various biological pathways.
Mushrooms as Potential Sources of Active Metabolites and Medicines
Authors: Bhambri Anne , Srivastava Malay , Mahale Vivek G. , Mahale Sushma , Karn Santosh Kumar 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundMushrooms exist as an integral and vital component of the ecosystem and are very precious fungi. Mushrooms have been traditionally used in herbal medicines for many centuries.Scope and ApproachThere are a variety of medicinal mushrooms mentioned in the current work such asAgaricus, Amanita, Calocybe, Cantharellus, Cordyceps, Coprinus, Cortinarius, Ganoderma, Grifola, Huitlacoche, Hydnum, Lentinus, Morchella, Pleurotus, Rigidoporus, Tremella, Trametessp., etc., which play a vital role in various diseases because of several metabolic components and nutritional values. Medicinal mushrooms can be identified morphologically on the basis of their size, color (white, black, yellow, brown, cream, pink and purple-brown, etc.), chemical reactions, consistency of the stalk and cap, mode of attachment of the gills to the stalk, and spore color and mass, and further identified at a molecular level by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions of gene sequencing. There are also other methods that have recently begun to be used for the identification of mushrooms such as high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), microscopy, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), DNA sequencing, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), chemical finger printing, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-TOF) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Lately, the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique is also used for the identification of fungi.Key Finding and ConclusionMedicinal mushrooms possess various biological activities like anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-parasitic, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, anti-HIV, anti-diabetic, and many others that will be mentioned in this article. This manuscript will provide future direction, action mechanisms, applications, and the recent collective information of medicinal mushrooms. In addition to many unknown metabolites and patented active metabolites are also included.
An Automated Approach to Assess Relative Galectin-Glycan Affinity Following Glycan Microarray Analysis
Authors: Ho Alex D. , Wu Shang-Chuen , Kamili Nourine A. , Blenda Anna V. , Cummings Richard D. , Stowell Sean R. , Arthur Connie M. 
Published: August 2022

Numerous studies have highlighted the utility of glycan microarray analysis for the elucidation of protein-glycan interactions. However, most current glycan microarray studies analyze glycan binding protein (GBP)-glycan interactions at a single protein concentration. While this approach provides useful information related to a GBP’s overall binding capabilities, extrapolation of true glycan binding preferences using this method fails to account for printing variations or other factors that may confound relative binding. To overcome this limitation, we examined glycan array binding of three galectins over a range of concentrations to allow for a more complete assessment of binding preferences. This approach produced a richer data set than single concentration analysis and provided more accurate identification of true glycan binding preferences. However, while this approach can be highly informative, currently available data analysis approaches make it impractical to perform binding isotherms for each glycan present on currently available platforms following GBP evaluation. To overcome this limitation, we developed a method to directly optimize the efficiency of assessing association constants following multi-GBP concentration glycan array analysis. To this end, we developed programs that automatically analyze raw array data (kdMining) to generate output graphics (kaPlotting) following array analysis at multiple doses. These automatic programing methods reduced processing time from 32.8 h to 1.67 min. Taken together, these results demonstrate an effective approach to glycan array analysis that provides improved detail and efficiency when compared to previous methods.
Assessing bilateral ankle proprioceptive acuity in stroke survivors: An exploratory study
Authors: Pan Li , Xu Dongyan , Wang Weining , Rong Jifeng , Xu Jinyao , Ferland Amanda , Adams Roger , Han Jia , Zhu Yulian 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundBilateral proprioception deficits were reported in stroke survivors. However, whether bilateral proprioception deficits exist in the ankle joint after stroke was unclear. Ankle proprioception is a significant predictor of balance dysfunction after stroke, and previous studies to date are lacking appropriate evaluation methods.ObjectivesWe want to determine whether the active movement extent discrimination apparatus (AMEDA) is a reliable tool for assessing ankle proprioceptive acuity in stroke survivors and the presence of deficits in ankle proprioception on the affected and unaffected sides in patients after stroke.MethodsBilateral ankle proprioception was assessed in 20 stroke patients and 20 age-matched healthy controls using AMEDA. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe ICC in the affected and unaffected sides was 0.713 and 0.74, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed significant deficits in ankle proprioception in subacute stroke survivors vs. healthy controls (F = 2.719, p = 0.045). However, there were no significant differences in proprioception acuity scores between the affected and unaffected sides in patients after stroke (F = 1.14, p = 0.331).ConclusionsStroke survivors had bilateral deficits in ankle proprioceptive acuity during active movements compared with age-matched healthy controls, underscoring the need to evaluate these deficits on both sides of the body and develop effective sensorimotor rehabilitation methods for this patient population. The AMEDA can reliably determine bilateral ankle proprioceptive acuity in stroke survivors.
Perampanel and childhood absence epilepsy: A real life experience
Authors: Operto Francesca Felicia , Orsini Alessandro , Sica Gianpiero , Scuoppo Chiara , Padovano Chiara , Vivenzio Valentina , de Simone Valeria , Rinaldi Rosetta , Belfiore Gilda , Mazza Roberta , Aiello Salvatore , Vetri Luigi , Donadio Serena , Labate Angelo , Pastorino Grazia Maria Giovanna 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of perampanel (PER) as first add-on and as second line monotherapy in subjects with childhood absence epilepsy.MethodsOur sample consisted of 20 patients with childhood absence epilepsy, aged between 8 and 10, already in therapy with a first antiseizure medication with incomplete seizure control. PER was added as first add-on in a dose ranging from 3 to 8 mg/die with 1- 2 mg/week increments. The patients that were seizure-free were shifted to a PER monotherapy. All patients underwent a standardized neuropsychological evaluation in order to assess non-verbal intelligence and executive functions before adding PER and after 6 months of drug therapy. All parents completed two questionnaires, in order to assess the emotional-behavioral problems and parental stress.Results15/20 patients responded to add-on PER and were seizure-free, in 3/20 patients we observed a reduction of seizure frequency &lt;50%, and in the 2 remaining patients the add-on therapy with PER did not lead to a reduction in seizures frequency from baseline. The patients who were seizure-free were switched to PER monotherapy. 9/15 patients remained seizure-free in monotherapy with PER. In the first month of therapy with PER 2/20 patients (10%) reported mild, transient side effects of irritability, headache and dizziness, which did not lead to discontinuation of therapy. Adjunctive treatment with PER did not negatively affect non-verbal intelligence, executive functions, emotional/behavioral symptoms of children and parental stress levels.SignificanceOur clinical experience in real life showed that PER appears to be effective in the control of absence seizures in childhood absence epilepsy, with a favorable tolerability profile. PER would seem effective on absence seizures even in monotherapy. Further studies with larger samples, longer follow-up and controlled vs. placebo (or other first choice antiseizure medications) are needed to confirm our data.
Association Between the Risk of Hyperuricemia and Changes in Branched-Chain Amino Acids Intake Over Twelve Years: A Latent Class Trajectory Analysis From the China Health and Nutrition Survey, 1997–2009
Authors: Ren Xiyun , Wu Shasha , Xie Wei , Liu Ying , Yang Shucai 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to identify dietary branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) consumption trajectories in Chinese adults and to evaluate their association with the risk of hyperuricemia (HU).MethodsCohort data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1997–2009 were adopted in this research. A total of 6,810 participants aged ≥18 years were included in this study. Participants were designated into four subgroups on basis of the trajectories of dietary BCAA consumption. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to discuss the relationships between varied trajectories and the risk of HU after adjusting potential confounders. The intermediary effect of differential blood indexes between the trajectories and the risk of HU was explored with mediation analysis.ResultsFour distinct trajectory groups of dietary BCAA consumption were identified. Compared with the low stable trajectory group, high to low trajectory group was greatly related to an increased risk of HU (HR 1.35 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.79)) with modification for covariates. Total cholesterol (TC), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and triglyceride (TG) partially regulated trajectories and HU.ConclusionGradually decreasing dietary BCAA intake increased the risk of HU, which is, at least, partially mediated by TC, HbA1c, FBG, and TG levels.
Association of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with cognitive function among the adolescents aged 12–16 years in US, NHANES III, 1988–1994
Authors: Yan Xiaofang , Xu Yingxia , Huang Jitian , Li Yanmei , Li Qian , Zheng Juan , Chen Qingsong , Yang Wenhan 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveAs a major source of added sugar, the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) continues to increase worldwide. The adverse health effects associated with SSBs are also risk factors for cognitive development, but studies on the relationship between SSBs and adolescents' cognitive function are limited. We used data released by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) to explore the association between the consumption of SSBs and cognitive function among children and adolescents aged 12–16 years in the United States.Methods and proceduresA nationally representative population sample included 1,809 adolescents aged 12–16 years who participated in the United States NHANES from 1988 to 1994 and provided samples for the dietary intake frequency questionnaire and measures of cognitive function. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the frequency of SSB consumption and scores on cognitive function tests.ResultsThis study of 1,809 adolescents aged 12–16 years comprised 963 girls (weighted proportion, 48.17%) and 846 boys (weighted, 51.83%), with a weighted mean (SE) age of 13.99 (0.05) years. Compared with adolescents who intake SSBs 0–1 times per week, those who drank 4–7 times per week had better scores in arithmetic, reading, and digit span tests, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.36 (95% CI = 0.16–0.82), 0.35 (95% CI = 0.18–0.70), and 0.19 (95% CI = 0.08–0.44), respectively. The ORs for abnormal block design scores increase with the frequency of SSB intake after being adjusted for potential confounders (P for trend 0.02). Stratified analyses showed that compared with normal or below BMI, among overweight or obese individuals, the frequency of SSB intake had significant ORs for abnormal digit span scores (OR = 4.76, 95% CI = 1.19–18.96 vs. 0.35, 95% CI = 0.10–1.25; P for interaction = 0.01).ConclusionThe positive associations of SSBs at moderate level intake with better scores in arithmetic, reading, and digit span were observed, but no dose-response relationship was identified at the overall level. Additionally, with the increasing frequency of SSB consumption, the risk of anomalous block design scores increased among US adolescents. Further investigation is warranted to confirm the association and mechanism between SSBs and cognitive function among adolescents.
Automated segmentation of colorectal liver metastasis and liver ablation on contrast-enhanced CT images
Authors: Anderson Brian M. , Rigaud Bastien , Lin Yuan-Mao , Jones A. Kyle , Kang HynSeon Christine , Odisio Bruno C. , Brock Kristy K. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesColorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer in the USA, is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Up to 60% of patients develop liver metastasis (CRLM). Treatments like radiation and ablation therapies require disease segmentation for planning and therapy delivery. For ablation, ablation-zone segmentation is required to evaluate disease coverage. We hypothesize that fully convolutional (FC) neural networks, trained using novel methods, will provide rapid and accurate identification and segmentation of CRLM and ablation zones.MethodsFour FC model styles were investigated: Standard 3D-UNet, Residual 3D-UNet, Dense 3D-UNet, and Hybrid-WNet. Models were trained on 92 patients from the liver tumor segmentation (LiTS) challenge. For the evaluation, we acquired 15 patients from the 3D-IRCADb database, 18 patients from our institution (CRLM = 24, ablation-zone = 19), and those submitted to the LiTS challenge (n = 70). Qualitative evaluations of our institutional data were performed by two board-certified radiologists (interventional and diagnostic) and a radiology-trained physician fellow, using a Likert scale of 1–5.ResultsThe most accurate model was the Hybrid-WNet. On a patient-by-patient basis in the 3D-IRCADb dataset, the median (min–max) Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was 0.73 (0.41–0.88), the median surface distance was 1.75 mm (0.57–7.63 mm), and the number of false positives was 1 (0–4). In the LiTS challenge (n = 70), the global DSC was 0.810. The model sensitivity was 98% (47/48) for sites ≥15 mm in diameter. Qualitatively, 100% (24/24; minority vote) of the CRLM and 84% (16/19; majority vote) of the ablation zones had Likert scores ≥4.ConclusionThe Hybrid-WNet model provided fast (&lt;30 s) and accurate segmentations of CRLM and ablation zones on contrast-enhanced CT scans, with positive physician reviews.
Leveraging Predictive Pharmacometrics-Based Algorithms to Enhance Perinatal Care—Application to Neonatal Jaundice
Authors: Koch Gilbert , Wilbaux Melanie , Kasser Severin , Schumacher Kai , Steffens Britta , Wellmann Sven , Pfister Marc 
Published: August 2022

The field of medicine is undergoing a fundamental change, transforming towards a modern data-driven patient-oriented approach. This paradigm shift also affects perinatal medicine as predictive algorithms and artificial intelligence are applied to enhance and individualize maternal, neonatal and perinatal care. Here, we introduce a pharmacometrics-based mathematical-statistical computer program (PMX-based algorithm) focusing on hyperbilirubinemia, a medical condition affecting half of all newborns. Independent datasets from two different centers consisting of total serum bilirubin measurements were utilized for model development (342 neonates, 1,478 bilirubin measurements) and validation (1,101 neonates, 3,081 bilirubin measurements), respectively. The mathematical-statistical structure of the PMX-based algorithm is a differential equation in the context of non-linear mixed effects modeling, together with Empirical Bayesian Estimation to predict bilirubin kinetics for a new patient. Several clinically relevant prediction scenarios were validated, i.e., prediction up to 24 h based on one bilirubin measurement, and prediction up to 48 h based on two bilirubin measurements. The PMX-based algorithm can be applied in two different clinical scenarios. First, bilirubin kinetics can be predicted up to 24 h based on one single bilirubin measurement with a median relative (absolute) prediction difference of 8.5% (median absolute prediction difference 17.4 μmol/l), and sensitivity and specificity of 95.7 and 96.3%, respectively. Second, bilirubin kinetics can be predicted up to 48 h based on two bilirubin measurements with a median relative (absolute) prediction difference of 9.2% (median absolute prediction difference 21.5 μmol/l), and sensitivity and specificity of 93.0 and 92.1%, respectively. In contrast to currently available nomogram-based static bilirubin stratification, the PMX-based algorithm presented here is a dynamic approach predicting individual bilirubin kinetics up to 48 h, an intelligent, predictive algorithm that can be incorporated in a clinical decision support tool. Such clinical decision support tools have the potential to benefit perinatal medicine facilitating personalized care of mothers and their born and unborn infants.