bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cantharidin increases force of contraction and protein phosphorylation in the isolated human atrium
Authors: Schwarz R. , Hofmann B. , Gergs U. , Neumann J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cantharidin, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A (PP1, PP2A), is known to increase force of contraction and to shorten time of relaxation in human ventricular preparations. We hypothesized that cantharidin has similar positive inotropic effects in human atrial preparations (HAP). During bypass-surgery trabeculae carneae from human right atrium were obtained. These trabeculae were mounted in organ baths and electrically stimulated (1 Hz). For comparison, we studied isolated electrically stimulated left atrial preparations (LA) and isolated spontaneously beating right atrial preparations (RA) from wild type mice. We noted a concentration-dependent positive inotropic effect of cantharidin, cumulatively applied, starting at 10 µM to 30 µM that reached a plateau at 300 µM in HAP, LA and RA. This positive inotropic effect was accompanied by a shortening of time of relaxation in HAP. Notably, cantharidin did not alter the beating rate in RA. Moreover, cantharidin (100 µM) increased the phosphorylation state of phospholamban and the inhibitory subunit of troponin I in HAP that could account for the faster relaxation, that we had measured. The present data suggest a functional role for PP1 and/or PP2A in human atrial contractility.
Predictors of Dopamine Dysregulation Syndrome in Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Liang Keke , Li Xiaohuan , Ma Jianjun , Yang Hongqi , shi Xiaoxue , Fan Yongyan , Yang Dawei , Guo Dashuai , Liu Chuanze , Dong Linrui , Chang Qingqing , Gu Qi , Chen Siyuan , Li Dongsheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Dopamine dysregulationsyndrome (DDS) is a complication of Parkinson's disease (PD) that seriously affects the quality of life of PD patients. Currently, the risk factors for DDS are unknown, and it is critical to identify them in the early stages of PD.
Objective: To explore the incidence of and risk factors for DDS in patients with early PD.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on the general data, clinical features and imaging data of patients with early PD in the PPMI database. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors for the development of DDS in patients with early PD, and Kaplan‒Meier curves examined the frequency and predictors of incident DDS symptoms.
Results: At baseline, 2.2% (n=6) of patients with early PD developed DDS, and the cumulative incidence rates of DDS during the 5-year follow-up period were 2.8%, 6.4%, 10.8%, 15.5% and 18.7%, respectively. In the multivariate Cox regression model controlling for age, sex and drug use, hypersexuality (HR=3.088; 95% CI: 1.416~6.732; P=0.005), compulsive eating (HR=3.299; 95% CI: 1.665~6.534; P=0.001), compulsive shopping (HR=3.899; 95% CI: 1.769~8.593; P=0.001), anxiety(HR=4.018; 95% CI: 2.136~7.599; P<0.01) and lower Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage (HR=0.278; 95% CI: 0.152~0.509; P<0.01) were independent risk factors for DDS in patients with early PD. Dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake in PD patients with DDS was lower after follow-up than at baseline.
Conclusion: Early PD patients with a hypersexuality, compulsive eating, compulsive shopping, anxiety and lower H-Y stage were at increased risk for DDS. The occurrence of DDS may be related to the decrease in the average DAT uptake of the caudate and putamen.
Identification and verification of inflammatory biomarkers for primary sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Liu Xiaodan , Wang Haojie , Wang Xiao , Jiang Xiaodan , Jin Yinji , Han Ying , Zhang Zhihui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory infiltration and dysfunction of the salivary and lacrimal glands. This research aimed to explore the disease pathogenesis and improve the diagnosis and treatment of pSS by mining inflammatory biomarkers.Methods:Five pSS-related datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Inflammatory biomarkers were determined by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machines recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was implemented to profile the infiltration levels of immune cells. The expression of biomarkers in clinical samples was verified by Real-Time Quantitative PCR.Results:Four genes (LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10) were confirmed as inflammatory biomarkers in pSS. Functional enrichment suggested that the biomarkers were involved inimmune and inflammation-related pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that biomarkers were notably connected with some differential immune cells between pSS and control. Also, the RT-qPCR results of clinical samples further affirmed the results of the public database.Conclusion:Four inflammatory biomarkers (LY6E, EIF2AK2, IL15, and CXCL10) were defined and regulatory mechanisms and targeted drugs were investigated in pSS, which provided a basis for understanding the pathogenesis and improving clinical diagnosis and treatment for the disease.
Nicotiana Hairy Roots for Recombinant Protein Expression, Where to Start? A systematic review
Authors: Aragão Matheus , Alvarez Maria , Caiafa Luana , Santos Marcelo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hairy roots are a plant-tissue culture raised by Rhizobium rhizogenes infection (formerly known as Agrobacterium rhizogenes). Nowadays, these roots have been gaining more space in biotechnology due to their benefits for the recombinant expression of valuables proteins; it includes simplified downstream processing, protein rhizosecretion, and scalability in bioreactors. However, due to methodological inconsistency among reports, the tissue platform is still a disruptive technology. In the current paper, we propose the first step to overcome this issue through a systematic review of studies that employ Nicotiana hairy roots for recombinant expression. We conducted a qualitative synthesis of 36 out of 387 publications initially selected. Following the PRISMA procedure, all papers were assessed for exclusion and inclusion criteria. Multiple points of root culture were explored, including transformation methods, root growth curve, external additives, and scale-up with bioreactors to determine which approaches performed best and what is still required to achieve a robust protocol. The information presented here may help researchers who want to work with hairy roots in their laboratories trace a successful path to high recombinant expression.
A terminological portrait of Breast Cancer to improve PubMed search precision
Authors: Khakimova Aida , Zolotarev Oleg , Zatsman Igor , Gu Dongxiao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The aim of the study is to form a set of meaningful terms to improve the precision of searches in the PubMed scientific library for information related to the early stage of breast cancer. The proposed methodology included several stages. First, an experimental array of documents retrieved from PubMed database was generated. Then two groups of terms were formed based on the documents of the array. The terms of the first group referred to the general description of the disease (general terms). The terms of the second group referred to its early stage (original terms). The terms of both groups were divided into seven categories. Next, an expert comparison was made between both groups of terms in each category. Using the methodology, the following results were obtained. The most significant terms for the general course of the disease and for the early stage were identified. The terminological portrait of breast cancer including two corresponding parts (general course and early stage) was created. The main novelty of the results obtained lies in the selection out original terms of the terminological portrait for each category. An increase in the search precision is shown when using original terms in comparison with a search based on the general terms. The using of original terms will allow medical users to retrieve the documents related to the early stage of disease.
Comparing Quantum and Classical Machine Learning for Vector Boson Scattering Background Reduction at the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Cugini Davide , Gerace Dario , Govoni Pietro , Perego Aurora , Valsecchi Davide 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We report on a consistent comparison between techniques of quantum and classical machine learning applied to the classification of signal and background events for the Vector Boson Scattering processes, studied at the Large Hadron Collider installed at the CERN laboratory. Quan- tum machine learning algorithms based on variational quantum circuits are run on freely available quantum computing hardware, showing very good performances as compared to deep neural networks run on classical computing facilities. In particular, we show that such kind of quantum neural networks are able to correctly classify the signal with an Area Under the characteristic Curve (AUC) that is very close to the one obtained with the corresponding classical neural network, but employ- ing a much lower number of resources, as well as less variable data in the training set. Albeit giving a proof-of-principle demonstration with limited quantum computing resources, this work represents one of the first steps towards the use of near term and noisy quantum hardware for practical event classification in High Energy Physics experiments.
Infinite time bubbling for the SU(2) Yang-Mills heat flow on $\mathbb{R}^4$
Authors: Sire Yannick , Wei Juncheng , Zheng Youquan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate the long time behaviour of the Yang-Mills heat flow on the bundle R × SU(2). Waldron [44] proved global existence and smoothness of the flow on closed 4-manifolds, leaving open the issue of the behaviour in infinite time. We exhibit two types of long-time bubbling: first we construct an initial data and a globally defined solution which blows-up in infinite time at a given point in R4. Second, we prove the existence of bubble-tower solutions, also in infinite time. This answers the basic dynamical properties of the heat flow of Yang-Mills connection in the critical dimension 4 and shows in particular that in general one cannot expect that this gradient flow converges to a Yang-Mills connection. We emphasize that we do not assume for the first result any symmetry assumption; whereas the second result on the existence of the bubble-tower is in the SO(4)-equivariant class, but nevertheless new.
Effect of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy for Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome: A Japanese Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: Senda Atsushi , Endo Akira , Fushimi Kiyohide , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundStreptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a rare but potentially fatal condition. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment appears to reduce mortality; however, the clinical evidence remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of IVIG using a nationwide database by considering and adjusting for all background factors.MethodsThe treatment efficacy of IVIG in patients with STSS was investigated. Patient data were extracted from a Japanese nationwide database between April 2015 and March 2018. In-hospital mortality was considered the primary outcome, and 30-day and 7-day mortalities were considered secondary outcomes. Background adjustments were made using multivariate logistic analysis. For the sensitivity analysis, propensity score matching, time dependence of IVIG administration, and dose-response relationship were also assessed.ResultsOverall, 102 patients were included for the analysis. Their characteristics were as follows: median age, 62 years; female sex, 33.0% (34/102); overall mortality, 30.4% (31/102); necrotizing fasciitis patients, 57.8% (59/102); and IVIG-treated patients, 35.3% (36/102). After adjustment using multivariate logistic regression, no effect of IVIG treatment was observed on in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio, [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.99 [0.90–1.08], p=0.88). This result was consistent with that after propensity score matching (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.00 [0.34–2.92], p>0.99). Furthermore, IVIG treatment did not change the 30-day and 7-day mortalities. Neither the timing of IVIG administration nor IVIG dose had an effect on in-hospital mortality.ConclusionsThe administration of IVIG did not show any survival benefits.An equivalent or a more extensive observational study is warranted to confirm these findings.
Predictive Analysis for Soil moisture content and Soil organic matter from Soil Images
Authors: Srivast Pallavi , Shukla Aasheesh , Bansal Atul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
– Soil organic matter (SOM) and soil moisture contents (SMC) are two main properties in defining soil health. It is a challenge to measure organic matter and moisture content in soil, as the conventional methods are time, labor and money consuming. In order to overcome these challenges, various image processing based models have been proposed to predict SOM and SMC. Proposed model uses a stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) method to predict these properties on basis of soil color features like color moments, GLCMs and different color models as well, since, soil moisture and organic content are influenced by soil color. Multiple soil samples from field are collected with a certain distance in order to simulate continuous variation in the contents. Loss of ignition method is used to generate the ground truth to feed the model. For produce and compare the result first 34 and then 6 optimal predictor variables are used in model. The output results in external validation for SOM prediction were: R 2 = 0.07, RMSE = 0.76, RPIQ = 1.00 and that for SMC were: R 2 = 0.77, RMSE = 0.55, RPIQ = 1.07.
Comparison of Mothers of Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexual Abused Children: Is there any predictor related to mothers for sexual abuse?
Authors: Sahbudak Begum , Gencer Ozlem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:Childhood sexual abuse might be transferred to next generations. Our aim was to define the differences between victims of intra and extrafamilial sexual abuse, to compare attachment features, parental attitudes, childhood traumas of mothers and family functionality.Methods:The sample of the study consist of 60 subjects, 60 controls. The data was collected from sociodemographic data form, Parental Attitudes Scale(PAS), Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ) and Family Assessment Device(FAD).Results:There were no significant differences between IFSA and EFSA groups in terms of CTQ, FAD, PBI and PAS. It was found that the rate of marriage before 18 of IFSA was more frequent than in EFSA. The mothers’ marriage at younger ages, familial psychiatric disorders history, mothers with CSA history, and lower PBI scores were found related to CSA.Conclusion:When assessing sexually abused children, it is important to assess the risk factors, especially mothers’ characteristics.
Novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic biomarkers for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-derived hepatocellular carcinoma: Capable to overcome the heterogeneity-specific barrier
Authors: Qi RuYi , Huang ZhiMing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the incidence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-derived liver cancer, the heterogeneity-specific nature of biomarkers is significantly contributing to the high mortality rate worldwide.
Objective: To screen new pathogenic genes associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-derived hepatocellular carcinoma (NASH-related HCC) and related pathways, and break through the heterogeneity barrier.
Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using a gene expression chip. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses were performed after. We then built protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to identify hub gene. The diagnostic and prognostic role of the hub genes in NASH-related HCC patients of various clinicopathological features were revealed by a comprehensive bioinformatics approach.
Results: The following 10 HUB genes were identified: YWHAZ, JUN, MDM2, ACTR3, HNRNPA2B1, FOS, CANX, RBBP4, RBFOX3, and RAC1. These genes were mainly enriched in pathways such as cell division, cell metabolism, protein binding. We further revealed that all the hub genes were significantly dysregulated in HCC patients of various clinicopathological features including different races, cancer stages, genders, age groups, and body weights. Additionally, some chemotherapeutic drugs were found to interact with hub gene.
Conclusions: The genes identified in this study might play a crucial role in the progression of NASH to hepatocellular carcinoma and as potential biomarkers of NASH-HCC patients that could help to overcome the heterogenetic-specific barrier across different clinicopathological features.
Development of a microplate-based novel toxicity bioassay using Chlorophyta and Phaeophyceae macroalgae
Authors: Onduka Toshimitsu , Somiya Rei , Yamagishi Takahiro , Hano Takeshi , Yamamoto Hiroshi , Mochida Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Macroalgae are one of the main producers in marine environments. However, only a few toxicity test methods have been established that use reference strains of macroalgae to evaluate the effects of chemicals on the growth and reproduction of macroalgae to monitor water quality. We selected reference strains of Chlorophyta, Ulva aragoënsis; Phaeophyceae, Ectocarpus siliculosus; and wakame, Undaria pinnatifida, as test species to establish a microplate-based method to investigate the toxicity of potassium dichromate, 3,5-dichlorophenol, and common herbicides (diuron and simazine). We determined the growth of the three macroalgae in their early life stages and during sporangia formation stage in E. siliculosus under laboratory conditions. We observed that the growth and sporangia formation in these algae were impaired in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we investigated the sensitivity of these macroalgae by comparing the toxicity values of toxicants used in this study with those obtained from a database. Compared to other microalgae and plant species, macroalgae showed a relatively high sensitivity to organic compounds, including herbicides. Growth tests using U. aragoënsis and E. siliculosus produced reliable results at 0–32 and 25–32 practical salinity units (PSU). The tests established in this study could test the toxicity of chemical substances in macroalgae and are thus expected to contribute to a better understanding of the environmental risks of chemical substances on aquatic biota. The tests could be applied to all effluent toxicity tests used for the management of seawater and brackish water quality.
Nutrient fluxes via litterfall in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) stands growing on post-arable soils
Authors: Jonczak Jerzy , Oktaba Lidia , Chojnacka Aleksandra , Pawłowicz Edyta , Kruczkowska Bogusława , Oktaba Jarosław , Słowińska Sandra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of litterfall as a link in biogeochemical cycling of certain elements (C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) in silver birch stands growing on post-arable soils under temperate climatic conditions (Poland). The study covered three stands on sandy soils (21, 29, and 40 years old) and three on loamy soils (15, 33, and 41 years old). Litterfall was collected during 2020–2021 and analyzed using standard procedures. Elemental contents were determined also in green leaves collected from the tree crowns in early summer to determine intensity of retranslocation. The total litterfall production varied from 2,576 to 5,293 kg ha− 1, depending on the stand and year. These values are typical of temperate forests. Litterfall production was positively correlated with stand age. Leaves made up the major fraction, followed by twigs. Silver birch litterfall was generally rich in nutrients compared to many other tree species typical for temperate climatic zone. Nutrient fluxes to the soil were in the upper limits reported in the literature. It may partially be an effect of the post-arable history of these stands. Large fluxes of nutrients to the soil via litterfall are important in the context of the high nutritional demands of the studied tree species. This study also showed that silver birch strongly retranslocates N, P, and K from senescing leaves, whereas Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn are accumulated in these organs.
Temperature-induced densification in compressed basaltic glass revealed by in-situ ultrasonic measurements
Authors: Xu Man , Jing Zhicheng , Ryu Young Jay , Chantel Julien , Van Orman James A. , Yu Tony , Wang Yanbin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Acoustic velocities of a model basalt glass (64 mol% CaMgSi2O6 + 36 mol% CaAl2Si2O8) were measured along different pressure-temperature (P-T) paths. One set of experiments involved isothermal compression-decompression cycles, performed at temperatures of 300, 641, 823, and 1006 K and pressures up to 12.2 GPa. The other set of experiments involved constant-load heating-cooling cycles at temperatures up to 823 K and pressures up to 7.5 GPa. Both sets of experiments were performed in a multi-anvil apparatus using a synchrotron-based ultrasonic technique. Our results show that the glass compressed isothermally at 300 K (cold-compression) displays anomalously decreasing compressional (VP) and shear (VS) wave velocities with increasing pressure until ~8 GPa. Beyond 8 GPa, both VP and VS start to increase sharply with pressure and irreversible densification of the glass occurred, producing large hysteresis loops of velocities upon decompression. However, for the glass compressed isothermally at increasingly higher temperatures (hot-compression), the velocity minima gradually shift to lower pressures. At temperature close to the glass transition temperature Tg, the velocity minima disappear completely, displaying a monotonic increase of velocities during compression and higher VP and VS during decompression. In addition, constant-load heating-cooling experiments show that velocities generally decrease slightly with increasing temperature, but start to increase once heated above a threshold temperature (~650 K). During cooling the velocities increase almost linearly with decreasing temperature, resulting in higher velocities (~1.5–2.5% higher) when returned to 300 K. This implies that a temperature-induced densification may have occurred in the glass at high pressures. Raman spectra on recovered samples show that the hot-compressed and high-P heated glasses contain distinctly densified and depolymerized structural signatures compared to the initial glass and the cold-compressed glass below the velocity transition pressure PT (~8 GPa). Such densification may be attributed to the breaking of bridging oxygen bonds and compaction in the intermediate-range structure. Our results demonstrate that temperature can facilitate glass densification at high pressures and point out the importance of P-T history in understanding the elastic properties of silicate glasses. Comparison with melt velocity suggests that hot-compressed glasses may better resemble the pressure dependence of velocity of silicate melts than cold-compressed glasses, but still show significantly higher velocities than melts. If the abnormal acoustic behaviors of cold-compressed glasses were used to constrain melt fractions in the mantle low-velocity regions, the melt fractions needed to explain a given velocity reduction would be significantly underestimated at high pressures.