bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical Modeling of a Cylindrical-Hemispherical Receiver for Parabolic Dish Concentrator
Authors: Kumar Kolli Harish , Reddy Desireddy Shashidar , Karmakar Malay 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Among all sub-systems ofa solar thermal energy system, thereceiverplays a major role while getting the heat energy from the concentrator. The reliability of such systems depends on the amount of solar energy being collected by the receiver, which ismainlycharacterised by the optical parameters likefocal length, aperture diameter, surface absorptivity and slope error. In this paper,the optical analysis of a cylindrical-hemispherical type receiver coupled with a3m diameter parabolic dish concentrator has been discussed. The studyhas been carried out using SolTracesoftware by varying the parameters likereceiver aperture diameter (Da) ranging from 0.125 to 0.162 m, surface error of the concentrator from 1.7453 to 34.907mrad and also surface absorptivity (α) from 75% to 95%for different receiver distances(H) ranging from 1.7 to 1.95m. From the simulation results, it is observed that the optical efficiency is maximum when the receiver distance is 1.85m for receiver aperture diameter of 0.150 m for the given system. Increase in the slope errors from 1.7453 to 17.453 mrad decreases the average optical efficiency by almost 50% for all receiver diameters.It is alsonoticed that uniform heat flux distribution can be achieved when the position of the receiver is maintained at H = 1.85 m from the concentrator for the given receiver diameterand surface absorptivity of the receiver of 0.150 m and 95% respectively.The simulated results of heat flux intensity on the receiver surface are then compared and validated by the experimental results available in literature. The simulatedoptical efficiency of the presentreceiver is also found to be 8% higher when it is compared with a conventional cylindrical receiver having similardimensions.
Lis1 relieves cytoplasmic dynein-1 autoinhibition by acting as a molecular wedge
Authors: Leschziner Andres , Karasmanis Eva , Reimer Janice , Kendrick Agnieszka , Rodriguez Jennifer , Truong Joey , Lahiri Indrajit , Reck-Peterson Samara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein-1 transports many intracellular cargos towards microtubule minus ends. Dynein is autoinhibited and undergoes conformational changes to form an active complex, consisting of one or two dynein dimers, the dynactin complex and activating adaptor(s)1,2. The Lissencephaly 1 gene, LIS1, is genetically linked to the dynein pathway from fungi to mammals and is mutated in patients with the neurodevelopmental disease lissencephaly3–5. Lis1 is required for active dynein complexes to form6–10, but how it does so is unclear. Here, we present a structure of two dynein motor domains with two Lis1 dimers wedged in-between. The contact sites between dynein and Lis1 in this structure, termed “Chi”, are required for Lis1’s regulation of dynein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in vivo and the formation of active human dynein–dynactin–activating adaptor complexes in vitro. We propose that this structure represents an intermediate in dynein’s activation pathway, revealing how Lis1 relieves dynein’s autoinhibited state.
Identification of molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures based on transient receptor potential channel-related genes to predict the prognostic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Dongyang , Cai Qingshan , Liu Dong , Zuo Ganggang , Li Shudong , Liu Liyou , Zheng Jianxing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: Abnormal transient receptor potential (TRP) channel function interferes with intracellular calcium-based signaling and causes malignant phenotypes. However, effects of TRP channel-related genes on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. This study aimed to identify HCC molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures based on TRP channel-related genes to predict its prognostic risks.
Methods: With the expression data of TRP channel-related genes, unsupervised hierarchical clustering was applied to identify HCC molecular subtypes, followed by comparisons of clinical and immune microenvironment characteristics between the resulting subtypes. After screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among subtypes, prognostic signatures were identified to construct risk score-based prognostic and nomogram models and predict HCC survival. Finally, tumor drug sensitivities were predicted and compared between risk groups.
Results: Sixteen TRP channel-related genes that were differentially expressed between HCC and normal tissues were used to identify two subtypes, of which cluster 1 had higher TRP scores, better survival status, and lower levels of clinical malignancy. Immune-related analyses also revealed higher infiltrations of M1 macrophages and immune and stromal scores in cluster 1 compared with cluster 2. After screening DEGs between subtypes, six prognostic signatures were identified to construct prognostic and nomogram models. The potential of these models for assessing HCC prognostic risks was further validated. Furthermore, cluster 1 was more distributed in the low-risk group with higher drug sensitivities.
Conclusion: Two HCC subtypes were identified, among which cluster 1 was associated with a favorable prognosis. Prognostic signatures related to TRP channel genes and molecular subtypes can predict HCC prognostic risks.
Rumen-protected glucose stimulates the secretion of reproductive hormones and the mTOR/AKT signaling pathway in the ovaries of early postpartum
Authors: Wang Yan , Han Xuefeng , Tan Zhiliang , Wang Zheng , Kang Jinhe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the response of the reproductive hormones and the mTOR/AKT pathway in the ovaries of post-partum dairy cows with the dietary rumen-protected glucose (RPG) supplementation. Twelve Holstein cows were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 6 / group): control group (CT) and RPG group. Cows were fed with the diets from 1 week prepartum to 2 weeks postpartum, and euthanized on d 22 postpartum. Blood samples were collected from cows in each group on d 1, 7 and 14 after calving. The plasma hormones were determined using a bovine specific enzyme linked immimosorbent assay method. The gene expressions of the reproductive hormone receptors and mTOR/AKT pathway in the ovarian tissues were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The results showed that the RPG addition significantly increased the plasma LH, E2, and P4 concentrations on d14 after calving. The mRNA and protein expressions of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD), FSHR, LHR and cytochrome p450 (CYP17A1) were upregulated, while the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) was downregulated in cows of the RPG group compared with the CT group. Immunohistochemical analysis identified higher expressions of the FSHR and LHR in the ovaries of RPG-fed cows versus CT cows. Furthermore, the ratios of the protein expressions of p-AKT to total AKT and p-mTOR to total mTOR ratio were significantly increased in the ovaries of RPG-fed cows compared with the CT group cows. The current results indicated that dietary RPG supplementation regulated the secretion of gonadal hormones, and stimulated the expressions of hormone receptors and the mTOR/AKT pathway in the ovaries of early postpartum dairy cows, and might beneficial for ovarian activity recovery in the post-calving dairy cows.
Development of Two Smart Acoustic Yam Quality Detection Devices Using a Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Audu John , Dinrifo Rufus R. , Adegbenjo Adeyemi , Anyebe Peter S , Alonge A. F. Folarin Akindele 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Quality detection has been a major problem in the agriculture and food industries. This operation is mostly done by a subjective sensory method which is prone to high error and food destruction. Therefore, there is a need to apply artificial intelligence using a machine learning approach. This study developed two intelligent acoustic yam quality detection and classification devices using two sound-generating techniques. The software (multi-wave frequency generator) sound-generating technique generated sound from a laptop to a speaker inside a detecting chamber. This sound passes through the yam and was received on the opposite side by a microphone, into another laptop for analysis using visual analyzer software. The impact sound-generating technique used sound generated from a gentle impact of the yam on a flat surface placed inside the detection chamber. The sound produced was picked up by a microphone into a laptop for analysis. Acoustic properties considered were amplitude, frequency, sound velocity, wavelength, period and sound intensity. Discriminant analysis algorithm only was used in this first stage of the study to prove the applicability of machine learning. Three qualities (good, diseased damaged and insect-damaged) of two yam varieties (white and yellow yam) were tested. The device's performance of white yam was 79 % and 68.7 %, yellow yam was 82.3 % and 68.7 % for the software sound generation-technique and surface impact sound-generating technique, respectively. The study shows that the software sound-generating technique performed better in terms of overall yam quality detection and also proves the applicability of machine learning.
Investigation of B-atp6-orfH79 distributing in Chinese populations of Oryza rufipogon and analysis of its chimeric structure
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Chen Shuying , Zhao Zixian , Ma Cunqiang , Liu Yating 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) of rice is caused by chimeric mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that is maternally inherited in the majority of multicellular organisms. Wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has been regarded as the ancestral progenitor of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.). To investigate the distribution of original CMS source, and explore the origin of gametophytic CMS gene, a total of 427 individuals with seventeen representative populations of O. rufipogon were collected in from Dongxiang of Jiangxi Province to Sanya of Hainan Province, China, for the PCR amplification of atp6, orfH79 and B-atp6-orfH79, respectively.
Results: The B-atp6-orfH79 and its variants (B-atp6-GSV) were detected in five among seventeen populations (i.e. HK, GZ, PS, TL and YJ) through PCR amplification, which could be divided into three haplotypes, i.e., BH1, BH2, and BH3. The BH2 haplotype was identical to B-atp6-orfH79, while the BH1 and BH3 were the novel haplotypes of B-atp6-GSV. Combined with the high-homology sequences in GenBank, a total of eighteen haplotypes have been revealed, only with ten haplotypes in orfH79 and its variants (GSV) that belong to three species (i.e. O. rufipogon, Oryza nivara and Oryza sativa). Enough haplotypes clearly demonstrated the uniform structural characteristics of the B-atp6-orfH79 as follows: except for the conserved sequence (671 bp) composed of B-atp6 (619 bp) and the downstream followed the B-atp6 (52 bp, DS), and GSV sequence, a rich variable sequence (VS, 176 bp) lies between the DS and GSV with five insertion or deletion and more than 30 single nucleotide polymorphism. Maximum likelihood analysis showed that eighteen haplotypes formed three clades with high support rate. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated the occurrence of variation among all populations (FST = 1; P < 0.001), which implied that the chimeric structure occurred independently. Three haplotypes (i.e., H1, H2 and H3) were detected by the primer of orfH79, which were identical to the GVS in B-atp6-GVS structure respectively. All seventeen haplotypes of the orfH79, belonged to six species based on our results and the existing references. Seven existed single nucleotide polymorphism in GSV section can be translated into eleven various amino acid sequences.
Conclusions: Generally, this study, indicating that orfH79 was always accompanied by the B-atp6, not only provide two original CMS sources for rice breeding, but also confirm the uniform structure of B-atp-orfH79, which contribute to reveling the origin of rice gametophytic CMS genes, and the reason about frequent recombination of mitochondrial DNA.
Suspicion and Persistence: ﻿A Case of Deficiency ﻿of Adenosine Deaminase 2 ﻿in a 6-Year-Old Girl
Authors: FENG KAI , Hao Jing , ZHANG KEQING 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The clinical presentation in patients with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) has many faces at vary widely age and the highly variable clinical presentation renders early diagnosis difficult. We report the case of a child with DADA2 has atypical manifestations, which is easy to be misdiagnosed. Therefore, we share the diagnosis process of this case in order to improve the understanding of the disease and reduce misdiagnosis. The case report highlights the persistence and suspicion of the clinician that ultimately allowed the diagnosis to be revealed as well as some of the key features of the underlying disease.
Do the Owner-horse Pairs Have Similar Personality Traits According to the Short Inventory of the Horse Personality?
Authors: Chariatte Cyril , Maigrot Anne-Laure , Sutter Elena , Freymond Sabrina Briefer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The personality of a horse is thought to influence the quality of horse-human relationship. In this study, we developed a questionnaire to assess horse’s personality. For validation, 2431 horse-owners filled it out for their horse along with an existing questionnaire to determine their personality. Out of this sample, 39 horses were tested in personality tests, to monitor the owners' responses to the questionnaires. We then compared the results of the equine questionnaire to the results of the personality tests and then investigated which components of the equine personality and of the owner, were similar. Personality scores obtained from the questionnaire showed, first, that owners with a higher Emotional stability score perceived their horses to be also easily stressed (r = 0.26, N = 2431, p < 0.05) and secondly that Conscientious owners described their horses as Conscientious as well (r = 0.26, N = 2431, p < 0.05). The personality tests confirmed the scores for the Emotional stability trait, i.e. easily stressed horses were more active during personality tests (r = 0.56, N = 39, p < 0.05). These results do not allow us to exclude the effect of the owner's personality on his horse in the long term.
A bioinformatic methodology to investigating possible genes linked to the recurrence of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Qi Dan , Sun Haiyan , Nie Xiaolu , zhang jianjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Among arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation is one of the most prevalent. The most popular procedure for treating atrial fibrillation is now surgery. The prognosis is significantly impacted by postoperative atrial fibrillation recurrence, regardless of whether it is treated with maze or radiofrequency ablation. Genes are linked to the onset, progression of AF, as well as to individual variability in recurrence. Through bioinformatics analysis of open data sets, we sought to uncover probable important genes associated with AF recurrence in the current study. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found using the GSE176166 microarray data set that was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Based on the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Disease Ontology (DO) resources, functional enrichment studies were conducted. Using the STRING database, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created. Possible essential genes were then chosen using the important bioinformatics data given before. The association of possible key genes with AF recurrence (AFR) was investigated using the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). In comparison to controls with sinus rhythm, we discovered 27 DEGs with |log2 FC|≥1 and 7 with |log2 FC|≥3.5 fold changes in gene expression in AFR patients. The probable bringing great were TNNC1, GABARAPL1, GNAS, PHLPP1, ELL2, SNORD108 and miR-548v. With AF, CTD revealed that TNNC1, GABARAPL1, GNAS,PHLPP1, and ELL2 had increased scores. The 4 possible risk factors for AFR, TNNC1, GABARAPL1, GNAS and PHLPP1 may be connected. Our research revealed novel genetic, molecular etiology, and treatment targets of AFR.
Cognitive Test Performance in Chronic Cannabis Flower Users, Concentrate Users, and Non-Users
Authors: Cuttler Carrie , Petrucci Aria S. , LaFrance Emily M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Extremely high-potency cannabis concentrates are becoming increasingly available and popular among consumers. While prior research indicates these products are perceived to have greater detrimental effects relative to cannabis flower, few studies have examined their relative objective effects, and no existing studies have compared the cognitive test performance of sober flower users, concentrate users, and non-users. A total of 198 healthy young adults (98 non-users, 46 exclusive flower users, and 54 concentrate users) were administered a battery of tests of memory, psychomotor speed, attention, and executive functioning under sober laboratory-controlled conditions. Significant group differences were detected on tests of verbal free recall and episodic prospective memory, with both the flower users and concentrate users demonstrating significantly worse performance than non-users. Concentrate (but not flower) users performed worse than non-users on measures of source memory and episodic recall, but contrary to our hypothesis, there were no significant differences between flower and concentrate users on any of the cognitive tests. Results indicate that, under sober conditions, individuals who regularly use concentrates are no more cognitively impacted than those who exclusively use flower. These null findings may reflect the tendency for concentrate users to self-titrate and use significantly lower quantities of concentrates than flower.
Numerical investigation on diffusion length, suspending time, and forces acting on COVID-19 virus particles in an indoor environment
Authors: Dehaghi Mahdi Bagherian , Shams Mehrzad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to study two-dimensional CFD simulations of the COVID-19 virus two-phase flow in steady air with the Euler-Lagrange method. This was accomplished by developing CFD programs in MATLAB and simulations in COMSOL software. Brownian, drag, Saffman, and weight forces are considered for studying the dynamics of virus flow. In order to study the motion of viruses, Brownian, drag forces, and the weight of viruses play an important role. In this study, three different diameters of virus particles were considered, with three different initial conditions and three different initial velocities. The diffusion length and suspending time of viruses in the air have been computed in each of the nine states.
Micro-second Time-resolved X-ray Single-molecule Internal Motions of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants
Authors: Sasaki Daisuke , Arai Tatsuya , Yang Yue , Kuramochi Masahiro , Furuyama Wakako , Nanbo Asuka , Sekiguchi Hiroshi , Morone Nobuhiro , Mio Kazuhiro , Sasaki Yuji C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Single-molecule intramolecular dynamics were successfully measured for three variants of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, alpha: B.1.1.7, delta: B.1.617, omicron: B.1.1.529, with a time resolution of 100 microseconds using X-rays and we compared the results in respects to the magnitude and directions of motions for three variants. The largest 3-D intramolecular movement (=40 mrad2/ms) were observed for the omicron variant with and without ACE2 receptor binding. The smallest movement (=20 mrad2/ms) was observed in the alpha variant. A more detailed analysis of the intramolecular motions revealed that the intramolecular motion distribution state of the three variants showed a complete difference in binding and nonbinding to the ACE2 receptor. Interestingly, in the spike variant without ACE2 receptors, the alpha and delta variants showed a clockwise bias in the direction of rotational motions, while only the omicron variant showed an anticlockwise bias in rotational motion. However, when the ACE2 receptor was bound, all variants exhibited an anticlockwise-biased rotational motion. This information is very important for early assessment of the cell invasion process and the infectivity of the variants.
Effects of Dietary Selenized Bacillus subtilis Peptidoglycan on Growth Performance Immunity and Antioxidant Function of Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus)
Authors: Yang Zhixiang , Zhang Yong , Yin Haicheng , Wang Jinrong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of adding selenized Bacillus subtilis peptidoglycan (Se-PG) in feed on the growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant function of carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Healthy carp were fed with five experimental diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg Se-PG for 56 days. Each group had three replicates with 30 fish per replicate. The results were as follows. The weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the IgE, IgG, IgM, complement 3, and interleukin 10 (IL-10) contents of the experimental group significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas the interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the serum of the experimental group significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase activities (GPx) in the hepatopancreas of the experimental group significantly increased (P < 0.05). The results indicated that adding Se-PG in feed can remarkably promote immunity and antioxidant function to increase the growth of carp, and 400 mg/kg Se-PG is the optimum dose.
A Continuous Toolpath Strategy from Offset Contours for Robotic Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Anh , King Peter , Vargas-Uscategui Alejandro , Lohr Hans , Chu Clement 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Toolpath planning is an essential component of robotic additive manufacturing. An efficient toolpath strategy allows parts to be made that are geometrically accurate, free of defects, have good mechanical properties and low residual stress. Toolpaths for cold spray additive manufacturing have some technical constraints that need to be considered compared to their counterpart designed for conventional 3D printing machines. This study presents an automated toolpath planning method based on offset contours. The generated toolpath is globally continuous, layer-wise setting, making it suitable for robotic cold spray additive manufacturing. The toolpath algorithm was tested on a variety of geometries to demonstrate its robustness. One model was selected for printing using a commercial high pressure cold spray system. The experimental results show that our method is applicable to cold spray robotic additive manufacturing. The method is particularly good for web-rib structures.