bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraarterial Nimodipine Versus Induced Hypertension for Delayed Cerebral Ischemia: A Modified Treatment Protocol
Authors: Weiss Miriam , Albanna Walid , Conzen-Dilger Catharina , Kastenholz Nick , Seyfried Katharina , Ridwan Hani , Wiesmann Martin , Veldeman Michael , Schmidt Tobias Philip , Megjhani Murad , Schulze-Steinen Henna , Clusmann Hans , Aries Marinus Johannes Hermanus , Park Soojin , Schubert Gerrit Alexander 
Published: June 2022

Background:

Rescue treatment for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage can include induced hypertension (iHTN) and, in refractory cases, endovascular approaches, of which selective, continuous intraarterial nimodipine (IAN) is one variant. The combination of iHTN and IAN can dramatically increase vasopressor demand. In case of unsustainable doses, iHTN is often prioritized over IAN. However, evidence in this regard is largely lacking. We investigated the effects of a classical (iHTN+IAN) and modified (IAN
only
) treatment protocol for refractory DCI in an observational study.

Methods:

Rescue treatment for DCI was initiated with iHTN (target >180 mm Hg systolic) and escalated to IAN in refractory cases. Until July 2018, both iHTN and IAN were offered in cases refractory to iHTN alone. After protocol modification, iHTN target was preemptively lowered to >120 mm Hg when IAN was initiated (IAN
only
). Primary outcome was noradrenaline demand. Secondary outcomes included noradrenaline-associated complications, brain tissue oxygenation, DCI-related infarction and favorable 6-month outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale 4–5).

Results:

N=29 and n=20 patients were treated according to the classical and modified protocol, respectively. Protocol modification resulted in a significant reduction of noradrenaline demand (iHTN+IAN 0.70±0.54 µg/kg per minute and IAN
only
0.26±0.20 µg/kg per minute,
P
<0.0001) and minor complications (15.0% versus 48.3%, unadjusted odds ratio, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.05–0.79];
P
<0.05) with comparable rates of major complications (20.0% versus 20.7%, odds ratio, 0.96 [0.23–3.95];
P
=0.95). Incidence of DCI-related infarction (45.0% versus 41.1%, odds ratio, 1.16 [0.37–3.66];
P
=0.80) and favorable clinical outcome (55.6% versus 40.0%, odds ratio, 1.88 [0.55–6.39];
P
=0.32) were similar. Brain tissue oxygenation was significantly higher with IANonly (26.6±12.8, 39.6±15.4 mm Hg;
P
<0.01).

Conclusions:
Assuming the potential of iHTN to be exhausted in case of refractory hypoperfusion, additional IAN may serve as a last-resort measure to bridge hypoperfusion in the DCI phase. With close monitoring, preemptive lowering of pressure target after induction of IAN may be a safe alternative to alleviate total noradrenaline load and potentially reduce complication rate.
‘It’s Nothing Serious I Suppose’ Family Help-Seeking for Adolescent Social Anxiety
Authors: Mc Donagh Cal , Hennessy Eilis 
Published: June 2022

This article investigates how families seek professional supports for adolescent social anxiety. Many adolescents meet diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder but do not access professional mental health supports. Access to timely interventions is important because social anxiety has a range of developmental implications and typically persists into adulthood when untreated. Twelve adolescents (aged 14 to 18) who had attended mental health services for support with social anxiety and 13 mothers of such adolescents participated in semi-structured interviews which were analysed thematically. Findings indicated that mothers play an important role in noticing difficulties and initiating help-seeking for their children, although adolescents and their mothers can initially view anxiety as ‘just shyness’ and often seek help for a range of difficulties, including unhappiness, rather than anxiety specifically. Furthermore, many adolescents described experiencing help-seeking as embarrassing or shameful. Implications for facilitating families to access professional supports for adolescents are discussed.
Khairul Majalis: Highlighting the Virtues of Shaikh Nasiruddin Chiragh-i-Dehli
Authors: Pratibha  
Published: June 2022

In this article, an attempt has been made to make a nuanced study of the images portrayed of the shaikh by Hamid Qalandar and his protagonist, Shaikh Nasiruddin, in the malfuzat of the shaikh entitled Khairul Majalis. It highlights that the shaikh willingly chose the path of faqr (poverty), faqa (deprivation/hunger) and wanted to renounce duniya wa khalq (world and people), which resulted in an antipathy towards shughl (government service) and the state and all its institutions. Fawaid-al-Fuad, malfuzat of Shaikh Nizamuddin Auliya, constructed the rudimentary tariqa— in effect, a powerful, rudimentary preliminary lineage of the Chishti silsila was constructed. Khairul Majalis effectively highlights the virtues of Shaikh Nasiruddin, and thus he successfully claims to tap into the paradigm of conduct of an ‘ideal murid’—an embodiment of an ‘ideal murid’—stringently following the different principles and practices of Chishti silsila so clearly laid out in Fawaid-al-Fuad—thus a ‘worthy successor’. The didactic and discursive nature of the Khairul Majalis and the malfuzat genre, in general, is evident. These hagiological work(s) need to be studied in the context in which it/they emerged, and the intentions of the hagiographer, the background and/or agenda in presenting the text must be taken into account before reaching any conclusions based on it. As evident, the malfuzat strives to draw out the best traits of the respective protagonist to hold them up as a model of piety and a recipient of divine grace. In the process, they accentuate the construct of the paradigm of conduct appropriate to a Shaikh.
The impact of socio-economic deprivation on recovery following robotic assisted radical cystectomy
Authors: W Abou Chedid , GJ Nason , T Mahesan , A Ashton , A Tay , AL Walsh , A Roodhouse , S Uribe-Lewis , J Uribe , D Moschonas , R Issa , MJA Perry , K Patil 
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite enhanced recovery programmes, length of stay is variable following robotic assisted radical cystectomy (RARC). The aim of this study was to assess the impact socioeconomic deprivation on recovery following RARC. Methods: The prospectively maintained RARC databases at two tertiary referral hospitals were reviewed from 2015 to 2017. Demographic, histological, and outcome data including length of stay (LOS), operation time and blood loss were recorded. The Index of Multiple Deprivation, was chosen as a deprivation index as this is used by the UK government to direct funding and resources to regions, towns and postal codes by assessing a number of indicators. Results: During the study period, 340 consecutive patients underwent RARC. Deprivation deciles were significantly higher in site 1 patients (7.9 in site 1 vs 6.6 in site 2, p < 0.001) implying that these patients are more likely to have higher incomes, levels of education and improved living environments. The mean operating time was longer in the site 1 cohort (397 vs 366 min, p > 0.001) with a reduced mean blood loss volume (252 and 484 mL, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in mean LOS (6.2 days in site 1 vs 10.6 days in site 2, p < 0.001). On multivariable analysis, a higher deprivation decile did not predict LOS (OR = 1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.1, p = 0.407). Sex and operation site were however significantly associated with LOS (p = 0.006 and <0.001). Conclusion: Recovery following RARC was independent of socioeconomic status when comparing two hospitals with diverse catchment areas in the UK.
PD-1/L1 With or Without CTLA-4 Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Guo Luyong , Liang Jiali , Dai Wei , Li Jiayu , Si Yuexiu , Ren Wei , Lu Yan , Chen Danqi 
Published: June 2022

Background With the use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whether ICIs or chemotherapy is more effective still remains controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA-4) alone or in their combination vs chemotherapy in patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to March 2021 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials. Primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoint was adverse events (AEs). This meta-analysis’s Prospero registration number is CRD42022323570. Results The search process has identified 13 studies containing 7918 patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC. The benefit of PD-1/L1 or CTLA-4 inhibitors alone or in combination compared with chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic NSCLC was elucidated in both OS [HR = .75, 95% CI (.70-.80), P < .001] and PFS [HR = .83, 95% CI (.73-.95), P < .001]. Besides, ICIs were associated with fewer AEs compared to chemotherapy. Conclusion PD-1/L1 or CTLA-4 inhibitors alone or in combination, with fewer AEs, was associated with significant improvements in terms of OS and PFS than chemotherapy in advanced or metastatic NSCLC.
Upper eyelid reconstruction using an advancement tarso-conjunctival flap
Authors: Awad Mary , Wilde Craig , Albanese Giorgio , Abercrombie Lorraine 
Published: June 2022

Purpose and context Upper eyelid reconstruction is particularly complex due to its functional and aesthetic importance. We aim to assess the outcomes/ complications of patients who undergo upper eyelid reconstruction of the posterior lamellae with an advancing tarsonconjunctival flap from the same affected eyelid, following excision of a periocular malignancy by Mohs Micrographic Surgery. Method A retrospective consecutive case note review of all eight patients who underwent the procedure between May 2016 and Jan 2021 were included. Patient demographics and factors influencing outcomes (smoking status, use of blood thinners, past medical/ drug history, size/location of the defect), follow up duration and complications were recorded. Key results Minor post-operative complications included an eyelid notch and retraction. There was one patient with lagophthalmos, but no exposure keratopathy. Two patients had misdirected lashes, one requiring electrolysis. Both monocular patients, who required the procedure in their only seeing eye, and were unable to tolerate a compressive dressing, had wound dehiscence. One patient was on steroids and the other on warfarin and a diabetic. No vision loss ensued and no-one underwent surgical revision. Follow up ranged from 4–52 months. Conclusions An advancing tarso-conjunctival flap is an expedient single-stage reconstructive technique that can be used to reform up to two- thirds of the posterior lamellae in full thickness upper eyelid defects involving the lid margin. Complications are minor. It is of particular benefit in patients where occlusion of the visual axis is unacceptable, although the risk of wound dehiscence is high. This technique forms a valuable part of the systematic reconstructive algorithm.
Active-fluidics versus gravity-fluidics in lens extraction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Su Yu-Chen , Lee Yen-Yin , Su Yu-Chi 
Published: June 2022

Objective To investigate differences in outcomes between active-fluidics and gravity-fluidics phacoemulsification systems. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published no later than December 1, 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was used for quality assessment. We presented the outcomes as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sensitivity analysis was performed by removing studies that included ≥2 types of phacoemulsification tips. Results We analyzed six RCTs that totally enrolled 884 patients. Patients undergoing lens extraction with active-fluidics systems exhibited lower cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), total aspiration time (TAT), and estimated fluid usage (EFU) compared with patients who did not (SMD [95% CI]: CDE, − 0.818 [ − 1.054 to − 0.582]; TAT, − 0.664 [ − 0.850 to − 0.479]; EFU, − 0.655 [ − 0.932 to − 0.378]). A sensitivity analysis revealed similar results for CDE, TAT, and EFU. For endothelial cell density (ECD) 1 week after surgery, ECD 1 month after surgery, and central corneal thickness (CCT) 1 week after surgery, outcomes of both systems were comparable (ECD at 1 week, 0.074 [ − 0.177 to 0.325]; ECD at 1 month, 0.069 [ − 0.167 to 0.305]; CCT 1 week after surgery, 0.077 [ − 0.173 to 0.328]). No severe adverse events in patients treated with either system were reported in the studies. Conclusion Active-fluidics systems are superior to gravity-fluidics systems with respect to CDE, TAT, and EFU; no differences in postoperative ECD and CCT were observed. Future studies are required to determine the reasons for heterogeneity and to detect rare adverse events.
The periacetabular osteotomy: angulation of the supraacetabular osteotomy for quantification of correction
Authors: Hoch Armando , Grossenbacher Geraldine , Jungwirth-Weinberger Anna , Götschi Tobias , Fürnstahl Philipp , Zingg Patrick O 
Published: June 2022

Background: Malcorrection of the acetabular fragment in periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is associated with inferior outcomes. 2-dimensional radiographic parameters are being used for intraoperative verification of a satisfactory result. After reorientation of the fragment, the acetabular version must be verified with an intraoperative radiograph. In the case of an unsatisfactory correction, a reorientation would be required. A slim and radiation-free intraoperative navigation method to directly quantify the correction is highly desirable. Aim: To find out whether the measurable angulation of the supraacetabular osteotomy can be used for this purpose. Methods: To determine the angulation, 13 consecutive patients who underwent a PAO were investigated. The preoperative and postoperative standard radiographs as well as CT scans were available. The surgically produced alteration of radiographic parameters was correlated to tilting and spreading of the supraacetabular osteotomy planes. Results: Tilting of the supraacetabular osteotomy planes correlates strongly to alteration of the lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) and the acetabular index (ACI), whereas spreading of the same planes showed also a strong correlation, but to the LCEA only. 1° of tilting resulted in a 0.2° alteration of the LCEA and a 0.5° alteration of the ACI, whereas 1° of spreading resulted in a 0.5° alteration of the LCEA. Conclusions: This study shows that the measurable angulation of the supraacetabular osteotomy planes can be used to monitor the three-dimensional reorientation of the acetabular fragment in PAO. As long as sophisticated modalities are lacking, this technique offers an easy way to intraoperatively navigate the correction in PAO.
Radiographic and clinical outcomes with particle or liquid embolic agents for middle meningeal artery embolization of nonacute subdural hematomas
Authors: Scoville Jonathan P. , Joyce Evan , A. Tonetti Daniel , Bounajem Michael T. , Thomas Ajith , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Moore Justin M. , Riina Howard A. , Tanweer Omar , Levy Elad I. , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Gross Bradley A. , Jankowitz Brian T. , Cawley C. Michael , Khalessi Alexander A. , Pandey Aditya S. , Ringer Andrew J. , Hanel Ricardo , Ortiz Rafael A. , Langer David , Levitt Michael R. , Binning Mandy , Taussky Philipp , Kan Peter , Grandhi Ramesh 
Published: June 2022

Background Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization is an apparently efficacious minimally invasive treatment for nonacute subdural hematomas (NASHs), but how different embolisates affect outcomes remains unclear. Our objective was to compare radiographic and clinical outcomes after particle or liquid MMA embolization. Methods Patients who had MMA embolization for NASH were retrospectively identified from a multi-institution database. The primary radiographic and clinical outcomes—50% NASH thickness reduction and need for surgical retreatment within 90 days, respectively—were compared for liquid and particle embolizations in patients treated 1) without surgical intervention (upfront), 2) after recurrence, or 3) with concomitant surgery (prophylactic). Results The upfront, recurrent, and prophylactic subgroups included 133, 59, and 16 patients, respectively. The primary radiographic outcome was observed in 61.8%, 61%, and 72.7% of particle-embolized patients and 61.3%, 55.6%, and 20% of liquid-embolized patients, respectively (p = 0.457, 0.819, 0.755). Hazard ratios comparing time to reach radiographic outcome in the particle and liquid groups or upfront, recurrent, andprophylactic timing were 1.31 (95% CI 0.78–2.18; p = 0.310), 1.09 (95% CI 0.52–2.27; p = 0.822), and 1.5 (95% CI 0.14–16.54; p = 0.74), respectively. The primary clinical outcome occurred in 8.0%, 2.4%, and 0% of patients who underwent particle embolization in the upfront, recurrent, and prophylactic groups, respectively, compared with 0%, 5.6%, and 0% who underwent liquid embolization (p = 0.197, 0.521, 1.00). Conclusions MMA embolization with particle and liquid embolisates appears to be equally effective in treatment of NASHs as determined by the percentage who reach, and the time to reach, 50% NASH thickness reduction and the incidence of surgical reintervention within 90 days.
Evaluating the safety and efficacy of transradial approach for thrombectomy in posterior circulation stroke. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Marlowe Frederick J A , Powell Eloise 
Published: June 2022

Background Transradial access (TRA) is becoming more popular in neurointerventional radiology procedures and has been associated with reduced mortality, morbidity and access site complications. Guidelines state that TRA is a feasible option for posterior circulation thrombectomy however the evidence base is limited and no systematic literature review has yet been undertaken to evaluate its safety and efficacy. Methods The Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, TRIP and Embase databases were searched. Outcomes collected included TICI scores, puncture to recanalisation time, mRS scores at 90 days and access site complications. Results 291 records were identified and 31 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria and were meta-analysed. The rate of TICI 2b-3 was 94.7% (89.7–99.8% at 95% CI), TICI 3 was 67.9% (42.2–93.6% at 95% CI) and mRS 0–2 at 90 days was 49.8% (31.5–68.1% at 95% CI). Median puncture to reperfusion times were extracted from three studies as 24 (IQR 18–40), 24 (IQR 17.5–56.5) and 27 (IQR 24–33.5) minutes. No access site complications were reported. TICI 2b-3, TICI 3 and mRS scores were comparable to data for transfemoral access (TFA) from a large systematic review. Puncture to recanalisation times appeared lower than the TFA data but statistical comparison of this outcome was not possible. Conclusions The use of TRA in posterior circulation thrombectomy is safe and effective with comparable results to TFA. Further research with a larger sample size is required to fully investigate the potential for shortened puncture to recanalisation times.
Therapy Response of the Yttrium-90 (Y-90) Colloid and Rhenium-186 (Re-186) Sulphur Colloid Radiosynovectomy in Hemophilic Arthropathy
Authors: Kamarulzaman Kamalia , Boon Nang Lee , Shuaib Ibrahim L. , Abdul Karim Faraizah , Wan Zainon Wan Mohd Nazlee , Mat Nawi Norazlina 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Radiosynovectomy (also known as radiosynoviorthesis) is a local form of radiotherapy that is used in chronic hemophilic synovitis in the absence of radiological evidence of extensive joint damage and in patients that have failed conservative therapy with clotting factor replacement and physiotherapy. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of the Yttrium-90 (Y-90) colloid and Rhenium-186 (Re-186) sulphur colloid radiosynovectomy in hemophilic arthropathy in terms of bleeding frequency, pain score, range of motion and performance score. Methodology This was a prospective cohort trial. A total of 68 hemophilic arthropathy patients who had been treated with radiosynovectomy for knee, ankle, elbow and hip joint were included in this study. Patients were followed up to assess their bleeding frequency, pain score, range of motion of the affected joint and Karnofsky or Lansky performance scale at pre and 6 months post therapy. Result A marked decrease (80–100%) in bleeding frequency was seen in 66.2% of patients, 14.7% of patients had moderate decrease (51–79%) and mild decrease (30–50%) was seen in 14.7% of patients. The frequency of intraarticular bleeding and pain score were significantly reduced at 6 months follow up ( p<0.005). The Karnofsky and Lansky performance scales were also improved at 6 months follow up ( p<0.005). There was no significant difference between percentage of range of motion measured before and after the therapy ( p>0.005). Conclusion Radiosynovectomy is a safe and effective procedure in limiting bleeding frequency, reducing pain and increasing performance scale.
Change in axial length after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Authors: Shi Jiemei , Wu Kaicheng , Wen Huiming , Wei Jiaojiao , Zong Yuan , Yu Jian , Zhu Haohao , Jiang Chunhui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to explore the changes in the axial length and related factors after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods
This study retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) tamponade for RRD and subsequent silicone oil removal at our clinic. Using a Zeiss IOLMaster 700, axial length was measured before vitrectomy for RRD and SO removal. The change in axial length (ΔAL) was calculated, and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the potential correlation between ΔAL and clinical factors, such as preoperative hypotony, extreme myopia, age, macular involvement, choroidal detachment, operation duration, and operation history.

Results
In total, 213 eyes from 213 patients were included. The mean axial length changed significantly pre- and post-vitrectomy (25.98 ± 2.87 mm and 26.25 ± 3.07 mm, respectively, P < 0.001); the mean ΔAL was 0.37 ± 0.62 mm. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative hypotony and extreme myopia were significantly correlated with the ΔAL (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). A higher proportion of hypotonic eyes had ΔAL ≥ 0.3 mm (33/76 in hypotony eyes and 32/137 in others; P = 0.003). A higher proportion of extremely myopic eyes also had a ΔAL ≥ 0.3 mm (23/46 in extremely myopic eyes and 42/167 in others; P = 0.002).

Conclusion
For patients with RRD and cataracts, as axial length changed significantly after vitrectomy in those with hypotony or extreme myopia, secondary lOL implantation should be considered.