bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of image-guided ablation and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for T1 renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chan Vinson Wai-Shun , Osman Filzah Hanis , Cartledge Jon , Gregory Walter , Kimuli Michael , Vasudev Naveen S. , Ralph Christy , Jagdev Satinder , Bhattarai Selina , Smith Jonathan , Lenton James , Wah Tze Min 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
To compare long-term outcomes and peri-operative outcomes of image-guided ablation (IGA) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).

Material and methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of localised RCC (T1a/bN0M0) patients undergoing cryoablation (CRYO), radio-frequency ablation (RFA), or LPN at our institution from 2003 to 2016. Oncological outcomes were compared using Cox regression and log-rank analysis. eGFR changes were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-rank tests.

Results
A total of 296 (238 T1a, 58 T1b) consecutive patients were identified; 103, 100, and 93 patients underwent CRYO, RFA, and LPN, respectively. Median follow-up time was 75, 98, and 71 months, respectively. On univariate analysis, all oncological outcomes were comparable amongst CRYO, RFA, and LPN (p > 0.05). On multivariate analysis, T1a patients undergoing RFA had improved local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) (HR 0.002, 95% CI 0.00–0.11, p = 0.003) and metastasis-free survival (HR 0.002, 95% CI 0.00–0.52, p = 0.029) compared to LPN. In T1a and T1b patients combined, both CRYO (HR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.73, p = 0.026) and RFA (HR 0.04, 95% CI 0.03–0.48, p = 0.011) had improved LRFS rates. Patients undergoing CRYO and RFA had a significantly smaller median decrease in eGFR post-operatively compared to LPN (T1a: p < 0.001; T1b: p = 0.047). Limitations include retrospective design and limited statistical power.

Conclusions
IGA is potentially as good as LPN in oncological durability. IGA preserves kidney function significantly better than LPN. More studies with larger sample size should be performed to establish IGA as a first-line treatment alongside LPN.

Key Points
• Ablative therapies are alternatives to partial nephrectomy for managing small renal cell carcinomas.
• This study reports long-term outcomes of image-guided ablation versus partial nephrectomy.
• Ablative therapies have comparable oncological durability and better renal function preservation compared to partial nephrectomy.
Lack of evidence for the oxidative stress theory of bleaching in the sea anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana, under elevated temperature
Authors: Dungan Ashley M. , Maire Justin , Perez-Gonzalez Alexis , Blackall Linda L. , van Oppen Madeleine J. H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo survive in nutrient-poor waters corals rely on a symbiotic association with intracellular microalgae. However, increased sea temperatures cause algal loss—known as coral bleaching—often followed by coral death. Some of the most compelling evidence in support of the ‘oxidative stress theory of coral bleaching’ comes from studies that exposed corals, cultures of their algal endosymbionts, or the coral modelExaiptasia diaphanato exogenous antioxidants during thermal stress. Here, we replicate these experiments usingE.diaphanawith the addition of the antioxidants ascorbate + catalase, catechin, or mannitol under ambient and elevated temperatures along with an antioxidant-free control. In the absence of exogenous antioxidants,E.diaphanaexposed to elevated temperatures bleached with no change in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels associated with their microalgal cells. Ascorbate + catalase and mannitol treatments rescued the anemones from bleaching, although microalgal ROS levels increased in these antioxidant treatments under elevated temperature conditions. While bleaching was not associated with changes in net ROS for the intracellular algal symbionts, it is evident from our findings that excess ROS is connected to the bleaching phenotype as exogenous antioxidants were successful in mitigating the effects of thermal stress in cnidarians. This understanding may assist applied research that aims to reduce the impact of climate change on coral reefs.
Improved cardiovascular health by supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10: applying structural equation modelling (SEM) to clinical outcomes and biomarkers to explore underlying mechanisms in a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention project in Sweden
Authors: Alehagen Urban , Johansson Peter , Svensson Erland , Aaseth Jan , Alexander Jan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Selenium and coenzyme Q10 have synergistic antioxidant functions. In a four-year supplemental trial in elderly Swedes with a low selenium status, we found improved cardiac function, less cardiac wall tension and reduced cardiovascular mortality up to 12 years of follow-up. Here we briefly review the main results, including those from studies on biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk that were subsequently conducted. In an effort, to explain underlying mechanisms, we conducted a structured analysis of the inter-relationship between biomarkers.

Methods
Selenium yeast (200 µg/day) and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/ day), or placebo was given to 443 elderly community-living persons, for 48 months. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to investigate the statistical inter-relationships between biomarkers related to inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin-like growth factor 1, expression of microRNA, fibrosis, and endothelial dysfunction and their impact on the clinical effects. The main study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov at 30th of September 2011, and has the identifier NCT01443780.

Results
In addition to positive clinical effects, the intervention with selenium and coenzyme Q10 was also associated with favourable effects on biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. Using these results in the SEM model, we showed that the weights of the first-order factors inflammation and oxidative stress were high, together forming a second-order factor inflammation/oxidative stress influencing the factors, fibrosis (β = 0.74; p < 0.001) and myocardium (β = 0.65; p < 0.001). According to the model, the intervention impacted fibrosis and myocardium through these factors, resulting in improved cardiac function and reduced CV mortality.

Conclusion
Selenium reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. According to the SEM analysis, these effects reduced fibrosis and improved myocardial function pointing to the importance of supplementation in those low on selenium and coenzyme Q10.
The McNorm library: creating and validating a new library of emotionally expressive whole body dance movements
Authors: Smith Rebecca A. , Cross Emily S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe ability to exchange affective cues with others plays a key role in our ability to create and maintain meaningful social relationships. We express our emotions through a variety of socially salient cues, including facial expressions, the voice, and body movement. While significant advances have been made in our understanding of verbal and facial communication, to date, understanding of the role played by human body movement in our social interactions remains incomplete. To this end, here we describe the creation and validation of a new set of emotionally expressive whole-body dance movement stimuli, named the Motion Capture Norming (McNorm) Library, which was designed to reconcile a number of limitations associated with previous movement stimuli. This library comprises a series of point-light representations of a dancer’s movements, which were performed to communicate to observers neutrality, happiness, sadness, anger, and fear. Based on results from two validation experiments, participants could reliably discriminate the intended emotion expressed in the clips in this stimulus set, with accuracy rates up to 60% (chance = 20%). We further explored the impact of dance experience and trait empathy on emotion recognition and found that neither significantly impacted emotion discrimination. As all materials for presenting and analysing this movement library are openly available, we hope this resource will aid other researchers in further exploration of affective communication expressed by human bodily movement.
Blimp-1 is a prognostic indicator for progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2
Authors: Saito Mayumi , Rajesh Aarthi , Innes Carrie , van der Griend Rachael , Fitzgerald Peter , Simcock Bryony , Sykes Peter , Hibma Merilyn 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundProgression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to higher grade disease is associated with persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and an absence of immune-mediated regression. However, the immune microenvironment that distinguishes progression from persistent or regressing lesions has not been well defined.MethodsA total of 69 patients under the age of 25 with high-risk HPV-positive cytology and biopsy-confirmed p16-positive CIN2 were included in the study. Biopsies were stained using 20 antibodies to a range of immune markers. Based on a 2-year follow-up, samples were analysed in “progressor” (CIN3 +) or “persister/regressor” (CIN1, 2 or normal) groups.ResultsProgression was most strongly associated with Blimp-1 positive cell staining in the lesion (P = 0.0019) and with low numbers of infiltrating CD4 cells in the dermal region beneath the lesion (P = 0.0022). The presence of CD4, CD8 and T bet-positive cells in the dermal region most strongly correlated with CD11c cells in the persister/regressor but not the progressor group.ConclusionHigh numbers of Blimp-1 + cells in CIN2 lesions may predict progression to more severe disease. Measurement of Blimp-1 may have diagnostic utility for the determination of the need to treat women with cervical pre-cancer.HighlightsCIN2 progression is associated with high numbers of Blimp-1 positive cells in the lesion. Detection of Blimp-1 in the lesion may have utility as a prognostic test to inform the need to treat CIN2.
Cannabinoide reduzieren den Opioidverbrauch bei älteren Schmerzpatienten
Authors: Gastmeier K. , Gastmeier A. , Rottmann F. , Herdegen T. , Böhm R. 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDas Datenmaterial zur Verschreibung und therapeutischen Wirkung von medizinischen Cannabinoiden (CAM) im klinischen Alltag für ältere und geriatrische Patienten ist sehr beschränkt. Für diese Patienten rückt die Verordnung von CAM immer mehr in den therapeutischen Fokus.Ziel der ArbeitErfassung der Patientencharakteristika und Verordnung (Verordnungsdauer, Dosierung) von CAM (Dronabinol, Nabiximols, Cannabisextrakte) und komedizierten Opioiden einer schmerztherapeutischen Praxis.MethodenMit dem Stichtag 1. Juli 2020 wurde der Verbrauch von Opioiden (Morphinäquivalenz) und CAM-Tetrahydrocannabinol-Äquivalenz (THC-Äq.) für Männer bzw. Frauen und nach Alter analysiert.Ergebnisse178 Schmerzpatienten wurden durchschnittlich (Median) 366 Tage (31 bis 2590 Tage) therapiert. Das Durchschnittsalter (Median) betrug 72 Jahre (26–96 Jahre); von den 115 Frauen (64,8 %) waren 34 jünger als 65 Jahre, 42 zwischen 65 und 80 Jahre und 40 über 80 Jahre alt; von den 63 Männern (35,2 %) waren 29 jünger als 65 Jahre, 24 zwischen 65 und 80 Jahre und 10 über 80 Jahre alt. Indikationen waren chronische Schmerzen und Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität. Von 1001 Verschreibungen waren 557 (55,6 %) Dronabinol als ölige Tropfen, 328 (32,7 %) Vollspektrumextrakte und 66 (6,6 %) Nabiximolsspray. 50 Rezepte (5 %) enthielten mehr als ein CAM simultan. Der Tagesverbrauch betrug im Median bei Dronabinolöl und Extrakten 9,6 mg THC, für Sprays 13,6 mg THC; er war bei Patienten > 64 Jahre konstant bzw. stieg bei jüngeren Patienten nichtsignifikant an. Frauen benötigten weniger THC als Männer (8,1 mg vs. 14,8 mg). 10 Patienten (5,6 %) brachen wegen fehlender Wirkung ab, 7 (3,9 %) wegen fehlender Kostenübernahme und nur 5 (2,8 %) wegen unerwünschter Arzneimittelwirkungen. 115 (65 %) Patienten erhielten gleichzeitig Opioide mit 65 Morphinäquivalenten/d im Median. Der Opioidverbrauch reduzierte sich signifikant um 24 Morphin-Äq./d (Median) bzw. 50 %, unabhängig von CAM-Dosis (< 7,5 oder > 7,5 mg THC-Äq./d), Geschlecht oder Alter.DiskussionSchmerzpatienten profitieren von einer lang dauernden Therapie mit CAM, die sicher und signifikant auch in niedriger Dosis den Opioidverbrauch senken. Frauen benötigen evtl. weniger THC als Männer. Nebenwirkungen von THC limitieren nicht einen Therapieversuch mit CAM im höheren und hohen Alter.
A reply to: “Response to Comment on “Density Functional Theory and 3D-RISM-KH molecular theory of solvation studies of CO2 reduction on Cu-, Cu2O-, Fe-, and Fe3O4-based nanocatalysts””
Authors: Gusarov Sergey 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn response (Kovalenko and Neburchilov, J. Mol. Model. 28:33, 1) to the comment (Gusarov, J. Mol. Model. 27:344–354, 2), the authors avoided answering the main question about the incorrect intermediate state of CO2 + H2 reduction reaction studied by Kovalenko and Neburchilov (J. Mol. Model. 26:267–276, 3). The intermediate products of this reaction are well known and presented in the literature including the studies of Li and Kanan (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134:7231–7234, 4); Feaster et al. (ACS Catal. 7:4822–4827, 5); Choi et al. (Sci. Rep. 7:41,207–41,210, 6); Kuhl et al. (Am. Chem. Soc. 136:14,107–14,113, 7); Kuhl et al. (Energy Environ. Sci. 5:7050–7059, 8); and Hatsukade et al. (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16:13,814–13,819, 9) referenced by Kovalenko and Neburchilov (J. Mol. Model. 26:267–276, 3). In particular, in Figs. 2(d), 3(d), 4(d), and 5(d) (Kovalenko and Neburchilov, J. Mol. Model. 26:267–276, 3), the orientation of carbon monoxide is opposite to Fig. 4 (Feaster et al., ACS Catal. 7:4822–4827, 5), Fig. 6(a) (Choi et al., Sci. Rep. 7:41,207–41,210, 6), Fig. 7 (Kuhl et al., Energy Environ. Sci. 5:7050–7059, 8), Fig. 7 (Hatsukade et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16:13,814–13,819, 9), and Fig. 2 (Gusarov, J. Mol. Model. 27:344–354, 2). This obvious fact which also comes from chemical properties of components should not be ignored.
The combined effect of fractures and mineral content on coal hydromechanical response
Authors: Lv Adelina , Bahaaddini Mojtaba , Masoumi Hossein , Roshan Hamid 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe hydromechanical behaviour of fractured coal is a complex function of interaction between coal bulk and fracture deformation driven by fluid pressure and external stress. Despite the research studies conducted to date, the combined effect of mineral content and fracture structure on hydromechanical behaviour of sorptive fractured coal remains unexplored. To study this combined effect, we performed a series of X-ray computed tomography (XRCT) imaging on a range of coal specimens with non-sorbing (helium) and sorbing (CO2) gases at different effective stress paths using a newly developed X-ray transparent triaxial system. The compressibility of system components was obtained from processed 3D XRCT images which were used to interpret the results. The results of this study show that coal matrix/solid compressibility has a positive nonlinear relation with mineral content irrespective of mineral type. Effective stress coefficient is also a strong function of both mineral content and fracture porosity. Furthermore, the increase in mineral content leads to less fracture opening by an increase in helium pressure. Interestingly, the effect of mineral content on the bulk strength of coal is more significant than the effect of fracture porosity. Finally, coal with more open fractures shows less bulk swelling by gas adsorption under external stress due to damping effect of fracture volume on developed internal volumetric swelling strain.
A wavelet-in-time, finite element-in-space adaptive method for parabolic evolution equations
Authors: Stevenson Rob , van Venetië Raymond , Westerdiep Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work, anr-linearly converging adaptive solver is constructed for parabolic evolution equations in a simultaneous space-time variational formulation. Exploiting the product structure of the space-time cylinder, the family of trial spaces that we consider are given as the spans of wavelets-in-time and (locally refined) finite element spaces-in-space. Numerical results illustrate our theoretical findings.
The Measurement and Analysis of Shapes
Authors: Benn James , Marsland Stephen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA de Rham p-current can be viewed as a map (the current map) between the set of embeddings of a closed p-dimensional manifold into an ambient n-manifold and the set of linear functionals on differential p-forms. We demonstrate that, for suitably chosen Sobolev topologies on both the space of embeddings and the space of p-forms, the current map is continuously differentiable, with an image that consists of bounded linear functionals on p-forms. Using the Riesz representation theorem, we prove that each p-current can be represented by a unique co-exact differential form that has a particular interpretation depending on p. Embeddings of a manifold can be thought of as shapes with a prescribed topology. Our analysis of the current map provides us with representations of shapes that can be used for the measurement and statistical analysis of collections of shapes. We consider two special cases of our general analysis and prove that: (1) if $$p=n-1$$

p
=
n
-
1

then closed, embedded, co-dimension one surfaces are naturally represented by probability distributions on the ambient manifold and (2) if $$p=1$$

p
=
1

then closed, embedded, one-dimensional curves are naturally represented by fluid flows on the ambient manifold. In each case, we outline some statistical applications using an $${\dot{H}}^{1}$$

H
˙

1

and $$L^{2}$$

L
2

metric, respectively.
More Than a Glance: Investigating the Differential Efficacy of Radicalizing Graphical Cues with Right-Wing Messages
Authors: Tomczyk Samuel , Pielmann Diana , Schmidt Silke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent years, online radicalization has received increasing attention from researchers and policymakers, for instance, by analyzing online communication of radical groups and linking it to individual and collective pathways of radicalization into violent extremism. But these efforts often focus on radical individuals or groups as senders of radicalizing messages, while empirical research on the recipient is scarce. To study the impact of radicalized online content on vulnerable individuals, this study compared cognitive and affective appraisal and visual processing (via eye tracking) of three political Internet memes (empowering a right-wing group, inciting violence against out-groups, and emphasizing unity among human beings) between a right-wing group and a control group. We examined associations between socio-political attitudes, appraisal ratings, and visual attention metrics (total dwell time, number of fixations). The results show that right-wing participants perceived in-group memes (empowerment, violence) more positively and messages of overarching similarities much more negatively than controls. In addition, right-wing participants and participants in the control group with a high support for violence directed their attention towards graphical cues of violence (e.g., weapons), differentness, and right-wing groups (e.g., runes), regardless of the overall message of the meme. These findings point to selective exposure effects and have implications for the design and distribution of de-radicalizing messages and counter narratives to optimize the efficacy of prevention of online radicalization.
Imagining is Not Observing: The Role of Simulation Processes Within the Mimicry-Liking Expressway
Authors: Kulesza Wojciech , Chrobot Nina , Dolinski Dariusz , Muniak Paweł , Bińkowska Dominika , Grzyb Tomasz , Genschow Oliver 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIndividuals automatically mimic a wide range of different behaviors, and such mimicking behavior has several social benefits. One of the landmark findings in the literature is that being mimicked increases liking for the mimicker. Research in cognitive neuroscience demonstrated that mentally simulating motor actions is neurophysiologically similar to engaging in these actions. Such research would predict that merely imagining being mimicked produces the same results as actually experiencing mimicry. To test this prediction, we conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, being mimicked increased liking for the mimicker only when mimicry was directly experienced, but not when it was merely imagined. Experiment 2 replicated this finding within a high-powered online sample: merely imagining being mimicked does not produce the same effects as being actually mimicked. Theoretical and practical implications of these experiments are discussed.
Participatory Ergonomics Intervention to Prevent Work Disability Among Workers with Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Workplace Setting
Authors: Sormunen Erja , Mäenpää-Moilanen Eija , Ylisassi Hilkka , Turunen Jarno , Remes Jouko , Karppinen Jaro , Martimo Kari-Pekka 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurpose In order to support people with low back pain (LBP) to stay at work, work arrangements are regarded important. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a workplace intervention using a participatory approach on work disability of workers with ongoing or recurrent LBP. Methods A total of 107 workers with LBP, with duration of pain for at least two consecutive weeks or recurrent pain of any duration during the last year, were randomized either to the intervention (n = 51) or control group (n = 56). The intervention included arrangements at the workplace, along with individual guidance provided by an occupational physiotherapist (OPT). The randomized intervention study used standard counselling and guidance by an OPT without workplace intervention as a comparison. Surveys were completed at baseline, and 6 and 12 months after baseline. Results There were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups on the primary outcome measure, i.e. self-assessed work ability. We found no between-group differences in perceived health, self-assessed work productivity, number of sickness absence days and severity of back pain. However, there were significant positive within-group changes in the intervention group in the intensity of LBP, perceived health and the number of sickness absence days due to LBP. Conclusion Workplace arrangements are feasible using participatory ergonomics, but more quantitative and qualitative research is needed on its utilization and effectiveness among workers with LBP.
HDM, interfacing thermal analysis and ambient ionisation mass spectrometry
Authors: Ashton Gage P. , Harding Lindsay P. , Parkes Gareth M. B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThermomicroscopy (aka hot-stage microscopy) has been shown to be an excellent complimentary tool when used in conjunction with other analytical techniques, such as DSC and TGA. The optical data obtained from thermomicroscopy aid in the elucidation of complex events, often seen in many thermoanalytical profiles. Here, a system linking hot-stage microscopy and direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry is described. This combination allows the simultaneous detection of both physical and chemical properties of a material as it is heated. Results showcasing the benefits of this combination include the thermal separation of energetic materials, the analysis of 3D printer filaments, and the profiling of trace materials including paint chips and fibres.