bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel Wim Hof psychophysiological training program to reduce stress responses during an Antarctic expedition
Authors: Petraskova Touskova Tereza , Bob Petr , Bares Zdenek , Vanickova Zdislava , Nyvlt Daniel , Raboch Jiri 
Published: April 2022

Objective The aim of this prospective observational study was to investigate the effects of a novel Wim Hof psychophysiological training program on stress responses and hormone release in healthy participants during an Antarctic expedition. Methods All members of an Antarctic expedition were included in the study. The participants were healthy volunteers allocated to an intervention group (n = 6) and a control group (n = 7). The intervention consisted of 8 weeks of Wim Hof training. The training program comprised three integrated parts: breathing exercises, cold exposure and meditation. Psychometric measures (the Beck Depression Inventory and the Trauma Symptom Checklist-40) and neuroendocrine measures (cortisol, melatonin) were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Results The results showed that the 8-week training program significantly reduced stress responses, as indicated by a reduction in depressive symptoms. A non-significant reduction in cortisol was also observed. Conclusions These data constitute preliminary findings indicating that the Wim Hof Method may positively affect stress symptoms and adaptability of the hormonal system to respond adequately to the circadian rhythm in healthy volunteers who participated in an Antarctic expedition.
Synthesis and piezoelectric photocatalytic, mechanical, and electrical properties of porous t-BaTiO3/Ag/β-PVDF composite material
Authors: Jiao Hua , Jin Jiechen , Zhao Kang , Zhou Xue R , Zhang Xinyuan , Song Sen , Wang Jia , Tang Yufei , Cui Guodong 
Published: April 2022

Barium titanate (BaTiO3) is a typical perovskite-type oxide with high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and excellent ferroelectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and other properties. In view of the low photogenerated electron-hole separation efficiency of T-BT itself, it is proposed to prepare nanocomposites with good catalytic performance by compound modification with Ag. Considering repeated use, on the basis of powder catalysis, a porous block is prepared by compounding powder and organic polymer PVDF. In this study, the t-BaTiO3/Ag/β-PVDF composite material with porosity of ∼70.4% was prepared with the raw material of PVDF and piezoelectric t-BaTiO3/Ag. The mechanical and piezoelectric photocatalytic properties of the composite material was studied systematically. The piezoelectric coefficient d 33 is 1.44 pC/N which can be explained by COMSOL simulation calculation. Moreover, the compressive strength is 1.76 MPa. The degradation MO and RhB results indicated that t-BaTiO3/Ag/β-PVDF composite material had good degradation and cycle stability.
Efficacy of acupuncture in improving symptoms and quality of life of patients with acne vulgaris: a randomized sham acupuncture-controlled trial
Authors: Jiao Ruimin , Zhai Xu , Zhang Xuecheng , Xiong Zhiyi , Liu Zhishun 
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating the symptoms and quality of life (QoL) of patients with moderate or severe acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive 12 treatment sessions of acupuncture or sham acupuncture over 4 weeks with 24 weeks of follow-up. The primary outcome was the change from baseline in the Skindex-16 scale total score at treatment completion. Secondary outcomes included Skindex-16 subscale score, Dermatology Life Quality Index scale total score, total lesion count and inflammatory lesion count, and visual analogue scale scores for itch and pain evaluation. Results: There was no statistically significant between-group difference for the primary outcome or any secondary outcomes after 4 weeks of treatment and at 16 and 28 weeks of follow-up, except for the Skindex-16 emotions subscale at week 4 (p = 0.026). No serious adverse events occurred in either group. Conclusion: Acupuncture may not effectively relieve the symptoms of patients with moderate or severe AV, or improve QoL. Given the limitations of a relatively short treatment course compared to other studies and the likelihood that sham acupuncture is not inert, further studies with treatment durations of 12 weeks or longer and a waitlist (no treatment) control or Western medicine-treated control group should be considered to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on AV. Trial registration number: ChiCTR-1900023649 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry)
The risk of hospital readmission, revision, and intra- and postoperative complications between direct anterior versus posterior approaches in primary total hip arthroplasty: a stratified meta-analysis and a probability based cost projection
Authors: Awad Mohamed E , Farley Brendan J , Mostafa Gamal , Darwiche Hussein F , Saleh Khaled J 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: This study presents stratified meta-analysis and projected cost per case analysis of direct anterior approach (DAA) versus posterior approach (PA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) to determine the best surgical approach and guarantee hip joint longevity. Methods: Several online databases were searched for clinical trials comparing DAA and PA in primary THA. The stratified analysis was conducted to test for confounding and biases across the different types of included trials. The average cost and probability were used to determine projected added costs of medical and surgical management for complications. Results: 30 clinical trials included 11,562 patients who underwent THA. Almost 50% of these patients performed DAA. As compared to PA, both non-stratified and stratified analyses demonstrated that DAA has a significant higher incidence of the overall intra- and postoperative complications (non-stratified, OR 1.64; p = 0.003) (stratified, OR 4.12; p = 0.005), nerve injury (non-stratified, OR 22.0; p  < 0.00001) (stratified, OR 0.28; p < 0.00001), higher rate of revision surgery (non-stratified; OR 1.54; p = 0.01) (stratified, OR 7.37; p = 0.006), and higher incidence of surgical wound complications (non-stratified; OR 1.67; p = 0.002) as compared to PA following primary THA. In addition, DAA demonstrated higher trends of incidence (non-statistically significant) of femur fracture (Non-stratified, OR 1.32, p = 0.10) and thrombo-embolic complications (Retrospective studies, OR 1.39, p = 0.69). However, PA demonstrated higher trends of incidence (non-statistically significant) of hip joint dislocation, as compared to DAA. (Stratified RCTs, OR 0.63, p = 0.65]. Collectively, this amounts a $421,068.68 surplus in DAA complication costs. Conclusions: PA may provide a more lucrative, safer approach to those undergoing THA given its comparable postoperative outcomes, reduced complication rates, and lower overall cost relative to DAA.
The 45-year evolution of the Mathys RM monoblock cups: have the paradigm shifts been worthwhile?
Authors: Foxall-Smith Michael , Wyatt Michael C , Frampton Christopher , Kieser David , Hooper Gary 
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The Robert Mathys (RM) monoblock uncemented cup is a design less commonly used in primary total hip replacement. It’s purported advantages over modular cemented cups are: (1) its modulus of elasticity approximating bone, thus mimicking load transmission and the biomechanical behaviour of the cup to better match stresses on the acetabulum, leading to bone-preservation; and (2) as a 1-piece cup there is absence of a mobile interface between a liner and shell, preventing backside wear. Since its inception in 1983 there have been 3 major design changes: the RM Classic, the RM Pressfit, and the RM Vitamys with the most modern polyethylene (vitamin E). Methods: In a retrospective cohort study of the New Zealand Joint Registry, all designs of RM acetabular cup were reviewed. Data were included from1998 to 2018. All-cause revision rates, reasons for revision and the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) were assessed. Results: In total 13,272 acetabular cups were included. The all-cause revision rates did not differ between the designs. Revision rates for aseptic loosening in the RM Vitamys were lower, but the follow-up was shorter and more larger heads were used. There was no difference in the OHS. Conclusion: All implant designs were safe. The use of larger heads led to a decrease in revisions due to dislocation. It has to be waited out whether the RM Vitamys performs superior in the long-term due to the highly cross-linked polyethylene.
The experience of lived body as expressed by people with dementia: A systematic meta-synthesis
Authors: Eriksen Siren , Grov Ellen K. , Ibsen Tanja L. , Mork Rokstad Anne M. , Telenius Elisabeth W. 
Published: April 2022

Introduction People with dementia undergo extensive bodily changes during the course of dementia. Even though this is largely unrecognised in the literature, these changes greatly impact on the persons’ experiences of living with dementia. Consequently, health care professionals and family caregivers need to be aware of the implications this has for delivering care to people with dementia. Hence, a systematic review that synthesises the knowledge on this topic is called for. Method This article presents a qualitative systematic meta-synthesis of interview studies with people with dementia. The theoretical framework of lifeworlds by van Manen provided the context for the study. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program criteria for qualitative studies were used to appraise the studies. Thirty-nine qualitative research studies were included in the review. The analysis followed the principles of interpretive synthesis. Findings When exploring people’s experiences of their body when living with dementia, four categories emerge: (1) My body works; (2) My body betrays me; (3) Understanding and adapting to my body’s changes; and (4) My body in relation to others. Discussion/Conclusion Every individual has their own personal experience of living with dementia; however, if health professionals fail to regard the body as more than an object, this may lead to the person’s alienation both from the relation and from the body. The lived body experience has relational aspects as people with dementia are aware that others observe them, and they also observe others. Others’ behaviour may affect the person’s experience of body; one can perceive oneself as approved or denounced. People with dementia describe that a body that is capable and strong gives access to the world and to participation.
Coercion in intensive care, an insufficiently explored issue—a scoping review of qualitative narratives of patient’s experiences
Authors: Joebges Susanne , Mouton-Dorey Corine , Ricou Bara , Biller-Andorno Nikola 
Published: April 2022

Purpose The use of coercion, in a clinical context as imposing a measure against a patient’s opposition or declared will, can occur in various forms in intensive care units (ICU). One prime example of a formal coercive measure in the ICU is the use of restraints, which are applied for patients’ own safety. Through a database search, we sought to evaluate patient experiences related to coercive measures. Results For this scoping review, clinical databases were searched for qualitative studies. A total of nine were identified that fulfilled the inclusion and the CASP criteria. Common themes emerging from the studies on patient experiences included communication issues, delirium, and emotional reactions. Statements from patients revealed feelings of compromised autonomy and dignity that came with a loss of control. Physical restraints were only one concrete manifestation of formal coercion as perceived by patients in the ICU setting. Conclusion There are few qualitative studies focusing on patient experiences of formal coercive measures in the ICU. In addition to the experience of restricted physical movement, the perception of loss of control, loss of dignity, and loss of autonomy suggests that restraining measures are just one element in a setting that may be perceived as informal coercion.
Validating a Semi-Automated Technique for Segmenting Femoral Articular Cartilage on Ultrasound Images
Authors: Harkey Matthew S. , Michel Nicholas , Kuenze Christopher , Fajardo Ryan , Salzler Matt , Driban Jeffrey B. , Hacihaliloglu Ilker 
Published: April 2022

Objective To validate a semi-automated technique to segment ultrasound-assessed femoral cartilage without compromising segmentation accuracy to a traditional manual segmentation technique in participants with an anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL). Design We recruited 27 participants with a primary unilateral ACL injury at a pre-operative clinic visit. One investigator performed a transverse suprapatellar ultrasound scan with the participant’s ACL injured knee in maximum flexion. Three femoral cartilage ultrasound images were recorded. A single expert reader manually segmented the femoral cartilage cross-sectional area in each image. In addition, we created a semi-automatic program to segment the cartilage using a random walker-based method. We quantified the average cartilage thickness and echo-intensity for the manual and semi-automated segmentations. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC2,k) and Bland-Altman plots were used to validate the semi-automated technique to the manual segmentation for assessing average cartilage thickness and echo-intensity. A dice correlation coefficient was used to quantify the overlap between the segmentations created with the semi-automated and manual techniques. Results For average cartilage thickness, there was excellent reliability (ICC2,k = 0.99) and a small mean difference (+0.8%) between the manual and semi-automated segmentations. For average echo-intensity, there was excellent reliability (ICC2,k = 0.97) and a small mean difference (−2.5%) between the manual and semi-automated segmentations. The average dice correlation coefficient between the manual segmentation and semi-automated segmentation was 0.90, indicating high overlap between techniques. Conclusions Our novel semi-automated segmentation technique is a valid method that requires less technical expertise and time than manual segmentation in patients after ACL injury.
Incidence, management and treatment outcomes of renal malignancy in a post-transplant recipient at a tertiary care centre: A 16-year experience
Authors: Manasa T , Meyyappan Vivek , Sandeep Puvvada , Mylarappa Prasad , Ramesh D , Jayakumar Vivek , Penmetsa Gowtham Krishna 
Published: April 2022

Introduction and Objective: Although the incidence of malignancy in renal transplant recipients is on the rise owing to boom in the post-transplant immunosuppressive therapy, there is paucity of literature regarding their reporting and management. In this study, we report the incidence of de novo renal malignancies, post-renal transplantation at our centre over a 16-year period and discuss their management. Methods: All patients who underwent renal transplantation at our department between March 2004 and February 2020 were included and retrospectively reviewed. We analysed the incidence of renal malignancy both in the native kidney and the graft, histological subtype, time to and type of treatment. Results: A total of 376 patients underwent renal transplantation. Mean age of recipients was 48.2 and 52.15 years among those who developed cancer. 13 (2.93%) of 376 recipients developed urogenital malignancy, of whom 8 had renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in their native kidneys and 1 in the allograft. Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of renal pelvis was noted in three patients with one concomitant TCC of bladder. No treatment-related graft losses occurred in the native kidney malignancy. Patients with RCC underwent nephrectomy while TCC of renal pelvis underwent nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision. Transurethral resection was done for bladder tumour. All patients were followed up as per standard protocol. Conclusion: A rise in urological post-transplant malignancies mandates regular surveillance after renal transplantation to ensure early detection of de novo malignancies and early initiation of treatment. Goal should be to minimise adverse graft outcomes with no compromise on oncological outcomes. Level of evidence: Not applicable
Coxofemoral luxation as a complication of localised tetanus in a cat
Authors: Danciu Cecilia-Gabriella , Milgram Joshua , Ober Ciprian Andrei , Tăbăran Flaviu Alexandru , Demény Helga , Chai Orit 
Published: April 2022

Case summary A 9-month-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented 2 weeks after castration with a 48 h history of acute-onset lateral recumbency and severe hindlimb rigidity. Physical examination findings included hyperthermia, tachypnoea, hindlimb rigidity and a healed orchidectomy site. Neurological examination of the head and forelimbs was normal; however, there was a spastic, non-ambulatory paraparesis of the hindlimbs, which was more severe on the left. Abnormal findings included mildly elevated serum creatine kinase levels and on electromyography there was bilateral pathological spontaneous activity of the biceps femoris muscles. A tentative diagnosis of tetanus was made based on clinical presentation. Treatment was initiated with tetanus antitoxin, diazepam, metronidazole, buprenorphine and physiotherapy of the hindlimbs. There was an improvement over the following 20 days. Twenty-five days later the cat presented with acute, painful, non-weightbearing lameness of the left hindlimb. Physical examination was suggestive of craniodorsal coxofemoral joint luxation, which was confirmed radiographically. This was treated with analgesia and rest. A marked clinical improvement was observed at the 3-month follow-up. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge, there have been no previously published reports of spontaneous coxofemoral joint luxation as a complication of hindlimb localised tetanus infection in cats. This report suggests that coxofemoral luxation should be considered as a possible complication in young cats with hindlimb localised tetanus.
Trauma Informed Care: Trafficking Out-Comes (TIC TOC Study)
Authors: Chambers Ronald , Greenbaum Jordan , Cox Jennifer , Galvan Terri 
Published: April 2022

Background: Little is known about the impact of trauma-informed primary healthcare on recovery from human trafficking, or individual characteristics associated with successful participation in community services. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a trauma-informed family medicine clinic, the Medical Safe Haven (“MSH”), in facilitating success in a community-based anti-trafficking victim service program, Community Against Sexual Harm (“CASH”), and to identify participant characteristics associated with successful CASH completion. Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from 57 adult females participating in the CASH program, 37 of whom received care at MSH. We examined differences in descriptive statistics between those who completed the CASH program and those who did not; then conducted logistic and linear regressions testing the association between MSH care and CASH program outcomes. Survival analysis models examined the time to CASH program drop-out (program incompletion). Results: Odds of successful CASH completion increased by a factor of 5.37 for MSH patients compared to other participants. This association strengthened with increases in the duration of MSH care and degree of patient engagement. The positive association of MSH care on program completion was mediated by the length of program participation. The extended length of participation among MSH patients was even stronger when those patients were in a stable and independent housing situation. The risk of program incompletion was 68% lower for MSH patients compared to other participants. Conclusions: Adults who experience human trafficking and receive healthcare at MSH are significantly more likely to successfully complete the CASH program than those who do not receive healthcare or who use alternative health systems. Study findings argue for the importance of consistent, trauma-informed longitudinal healthcare for trafficked persons.
‘It was brutal. It still is’: a qualitative analysis of the challenges of bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic reported in two national surveys
Authors: Torrens-Burton Anna , Goss Silvia , Sutton Eileen , Barawi Kali , Longo Mirella , Seddon Kathy , Carduff Emma , Farnell Damian J.J. , Nelson Annmarie , Byrne Anthony , Phillips Rhiannon , Selman Lucy E. , Harrop Emily 
Published: April 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a devastating, mass bereavement event characterised by high levels of disruption to end-of-life, grieving and coping processes. Quantitative evidence is emerging on the effects of the pandemic on grief outcomes, but rich qualitative evidence on the lived experiences of people bereaved during these times is lacking. Methods: We analysed qualitative data from two independent UK-wide online surveys to describe the experiences of 881 people bereaved during the pandemic. We analysed the data in two phases, conducting an inductive thematic analysis and then applying Stroebe and Schut’s Dual Process Model (DPM) and concepts of loss-oriented and restoration-oriented coping (1999; 2010) as an analytic lens to further contextualise and interpret the data. Results: We identified six main themes: troubled deaths; mourning, memorialisation and death administration; mass bereavement, the media and the ongoing threat of the pandemic; grieving and coping; work and employment; and support from the health and social care system. Examples of loss-oriented stressors included being unable to visit and say goodbye at the end of life and restricted funeral and memorialisation practices. Associated reactions were feelings of guilt, anger, and problems accepting the death and beginning to grieve. Examples of restoration-oriented stressors and reactions were severely curtailed support-systems and social/recreational activities, which impacted people’s ability to cope. Conclusion: Study results demonstrate the exceptionally difficult sets of experiences associated with pandemic bereavement, and the utility of the DPM for conceptualising these additional challenges and their impacts on grieving. Our analysis builds and expands on previous use of the DPM in explicating the impact of the pandemic on bereavement. We make recommendations for statutory, private and third sector organisations for improving the experiences of people bereaved during and following this and future pandemics.