bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An observational cross-sectional study on breast cancer patients’ knowledge of their disease: A likely cause of depression and anxiety
Authors: Peixoto Marta , Póvoa Sara , Mariano Mónica , Broco Sofia , Madeira Pedro , Pêgo António , Carvalho Teresa , Pazos Isabel , Sousa Gabriela 
Published: September 2022

Background: This study aimed to assess breast cancer awareness among patients undergoing active treatment for breast cancer at Day Hospital, assess their quality of life (QoL), and explore the association between minor knowledge of the disease and higher levels of anxiety. Methods: This prospective observational study included patients with breast cancer undergoing active treatment at the Instituto Português de Oncologia Coimbra. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQ-C30, QLQ-INFO25, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were completed, and demographic and clinical data were collected and processed using SPSSÒ. Results: In total, 188 patients with breast cancer were included. A vast majority had a positive perception of their QoL, with a higher average value compared to “cognitive functioning” (c=77.22±22.53), “social functioning” (76.86±25.41), and “physical functioning” (75.67±17.24). Regarding the information received, an overall “score” below the “cut-off line” (47.96±14.40) was observed. When evaluating “satisfaction” in isolation, the average value for “satisfaction with the information received” was 53.55±23.99, and patients perceived that the information received was beneficial to them (67.38±23.87) and did not wish to have received less information (99.47±7.29). With decreased functionality, higher levels of depression and anxiety were observed (p<0.0001). Regarding “information related to illness and anxiety/depression”, it was noted that as satisfaction with information decreased, patients tended to have higher levels of anxiety/depression (p<0.013). Conclusions: It is necessary to create dedicated spaces for information and clinical clarification, with regular assessments of patients’ perceptions. The information provided must be reinforced through written or digital support, or brochures.
The state of the art of the electronic bill of lading
Authors: Petronilho Francisco , Fonseca Hugo , Zúquete André 
Published: September 2022

Background: The shipping industry is widely regarded as a slow adapting industry, for any innovation to be made there needs to be a real demand. One of these innovations is the electronic Bill of Lading. The need for an alternative to the expensive and slow traditional Bill of Lading has been rising since the beginning of the century. Now the digital revolution naturally introduced the electronic Bill of Lading, but its unclear legal status and different regulations in different countries make it hard to establish a worldwide solution. Nevertheless, there has been progress and the current focus on standardization along with the many advantages of blockchain technology may take it a step closer to a worldwide adoption. Methods: This paper aims to provide information about the most relevant providers of electronic bills of lading, with a clear focus on the underlying technology, in order to make a grounded analysis about each technological solution individually and in general. Results and Conclusions: The information presented was gathered by searching existing literature and public information from the technology providers, focusing on the technology and avoiding law matters.
Support group for a bullied schoolchild: A case study
Authors: Kvarme Lisbeth Gravdal , Heitman Ann Jeanette , Valla Lisbeth 
Published: September 2022

Bullying among schoolchildren has long-term consequences for children's health. Support groups could be an effective method against this. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the children, mothers, and school nurse regarding bullying and support groups. This study is a qualitative exploratory design case study, with interviews of the participants. Individual interviews were conducted with the bullied child, two mothers and the school nurse and focus group interviews were had with seven boys in the support group. The bullied boy coped better after receiving help from the support group, his family and the school nurse. We found that working together as a team is important to prevent bullying, and the school nurse reported being happy to have the support group as a tool.
Biomarkers for early detection and predicting outcomes in acute kidney injury
Authors: Cottam Daniel , Azzopardi Giada , Forni Lui G 
Published: September 2022

The current diagnosis of acute kidney injury relies on the measurement of serum creatinine levels and urine output. However, both measures are subject to considerable limitations; for example, change in serum creatinine levels ideally requires a knowledge of baseline function that is often not available. Furthermore, creatinine levels are influenced by many factors including diet, drug therapy, muscle mass, gender and ethnicity, which may lead to underestimation of the extent of renal dysfunction. Similarly, urine output lacks both specificity and sensitivity as a marker of acute kidney injury given that oliguria may be an appropriate physiological response to a multitude of stressors and that output may be maintained until significant renal damage has already occurred. Given the well-documented consequences of acute kidney injury and the considerable burden associated with its development, much attention has focused on early identification of patients at high risk to try and improve outcomes. Many studies have focused on the identification of candidate molecules that may enable the early detection of individuals at risk of developing acute kidney injury, including constitutive proteins associated with kidney damage, as well as molecules upregulated in response to injury, non-renal products that may be filtered, reabsorbed or secreted by the kidney, and markers of renal stress. Such biomarkers may also aid stratification for adverse events, such as the need for kidney replacement therapy or progression to chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. This article discusses some of these novel biomarkers and assesses the role they may have in the understanding, management, diagnosis and prognostication of acute kidney injury.
Increasing age does not influence hip-specific functional outcome or health-related quality of life following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Clement Nick D. , Smith Karen M. , Baron Y. J. , McColm Heidi , Deehan David J. , Holland James 
Published: September 2022

Aims The primary aim of our study was to assess the influence of age on hip-specific outcome following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Secondary aims were to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and level of activity according to age. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted. All patients were fitted with an Exeter stem with a 32 mm head on highly cross-linked polyethylene (X3RimFit) cemented acetabulum. Patients were recruited into three age groups: < 65 years, 65 to 74 years, and ≥ 75 years, and assessed preoperatively and at three, 12, 24, and 60 months postoperatively. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Harris Hip Score (HHS), and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), were used to assess hip-specific outcome. EuroQol five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) scores were used to assess HRQoL. The Lower Extremity Activity Scale (LEAS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) were used to assess level of activity. Results There were no significant (p > 0.05) differences in the WOMAC scores, HSS, HOOS, or EQ-5D-5L at any postoperative timepoint between the age groups. Patients aged ≥ 75 years had significantly lower physical function (p ≤ 0.010) and physical role (p ≤ 0.047) SF-36 scores at 12, 24, and 60 months, but were equal to that expect of an age-matched population. No differences according to age were observed for the other six domains of the SF-36 (p > 0.060). The ≥ 75 years group had a lower LEAS (p < 0.001) and longer TUG test times (p ≤ 0.032) compared to the < 65 years group, but older age groups had significant (p < 0.001) improvement relative to their preoperative baseline measures. Conclusion Age did not influence postoperative hip-specific outcome or HRQoL (according to the EQ-5D) following THA. Despite a significant improvement, older patients had lower postoperative activity levels compared to younger patients, but this may be reflective of the overall physical effect of ageing. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(9):692–700.
Closed-loop experimental optimization of tunable lenses
Authors: Lopez-de-Haro Angel G. , Barcala Xoana , Martinez-Ibarburu Ivan , Marrakchi Yassine , Gambra Enrique , Rodriguez-Lopez Victor , Sawides Lucie , Dorronsoro Carlos 
Published: September 2022

Tunable lenses (TLs) are optical devices that can change their optical power in response to an electrical signal. In many applications, they are often pushed to or beyond their temporal limits. Fast periodic and/or abrupt variations of the optical power induce undesired distortions in their transient response and produce a decrease in their performance. A low-cost focimetry system, along with a custom closed-loop iterative optimization algorithm, was developed to (1) characterize a TL’s response at high speed and (2) optimize their performance in realistic TL working conditions. A significant lens performance improvement was found in about 23 iterations with a decrease in the area under the error curve and an improved effective time. Applying the closed-loop optimization algorithm in a depth scanning experiment enhanced the image quality. Quantitatively, the image quality was evaluated using the structural similarity index metric that improves in individual frames, on average, from 0.345 to 0.895.
Core competencies of peer workers who use pulse oximeters to supplement their overdose response in British Columbia
Authors: Mamdani Zahra , Feldman-Kiss Damian , McKenzie Sophie , Knott Mike , Cameron Fred , Voyer Rayne , van Norren Jessica , Scott Tracy , Pauly Bernie , Buxton Jane A. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Peer workers (those with lived/living experience of substance use) are at the forefront of overdose response initiatives in British Columbia, Canada. The onset of the coronavirus disease pandemic has significantly compounded the impact of the overdose crisis. Peer workers are integral in supporting people who use substances. However, despite the important work they do, peer workers often lack formalized credibility and do not have the same resources available to them as service providers without lived experience. The peer-led project titled the Peer2Peer Project implemented several support programs for peer workers, including providing pulse oximeters to peer workers to supplement their overdose response procedures.

Materials and methods
This study was a component of a larger evaluation of the pulse oximeter program at two organizations in BC. The study aims to highlight the competencies of peer workers who use pulse oximeters. Telephone interviews were conducted with seven peer workers who were given pulse oximeters. The transcripts were thematically coded using Covert et al.’s framework of core competencies of community health workers to compare our sample with other widely recognized professions.

Findings
We found that peer workers who used pulse oximeters described several core competencies in their work and these were aligned with Covert et al.’s core competencies for community health workers, including assessment, community health practice, communication, diversity and inclusion, professional practice, and disease prevention and management.

Conclusion
By aligning peer workers’ skills to those of community health workers, we create awareness on the competencies of peer workers in using oximeters to supplement overdose response and advocate for them to receive more recognition and respect within the workplace. Further, our findings act as groundwork for future research in identifying the professional proficiencies of peer workers.
Reducing intraventricular hemorrhage following the implementation of a prevention bundle for neonatal hypothermia
Authors: Chiu Wei-Tse , Lu Yi-Hsuan , Chen Yin-Ting , Tan Yin Ling , Lin Yi-Chieh , Chen Yu-Lien , Chou Hung-Chieh , Chen Chien-Yi , Yen Ting-An , Tsao Po-Nien 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
In very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, hypothermia immediately following birth is common even in countries rich in medical resources. The purpose of this study is to design a standard prevention bundle that decreases the rate of hypothermia among infants after birth and to investigate efficacy of the bundle and short-term outcomes for VLBW infants.

Methods
This quality improvement project was conducted from February 2017 to July 2018 on all VLBW preterm infants admitted at a single referral level III neonatal intensive care unit. The infants were classified into the pre-intervention (February to September 2017) and post-intervention (October 2017 to July 2018) groups according to the time periods when they were recruited. During the pre-intervention period, we analyzed the primary causes of hypothermia, developed solutions corresponding to each cause, integrated all solutions into a prevention bundle, and applied the bundle during the post-intervention period. Afterwards, the incidence of neonatal hypothermia and short-term outcomes, such as intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), acidosis, and shock requiring inotropic agents, in each group were compared.

Results
A total of 95 VLBW infants were enrolled in the study, including 37 pre-intervention, and 58 post-intervention cases. The incidence of hypothermia in preterm infants decreased significantly upon the implementation of our prevention bundle, both in the delivery room (from 45.9% to 8.6%) and on admission (59.5% to 15.5%). In addition, the short-term outcomes of VLBW infants improved significantly, especially with the decreased incidence of IVH (from 21.6% to 5.2%, P = 0.015).

Conclusions
Our standardized prevention bundle for preventing hypothermia in VLBW infants is effective and decreased the IVH rate in VLBW infants. We strongly believe that this prevention bundle is a simple, low-cost, replicable, and effective tool that hospitals can adopt to improve VLBW infant outcomes.
Tools and methods for Edge-AI-systems
Authors: Schwabe Nils , Zhou Yexu , Hielscher Leon , Röddiger Tobias , Riedel Till , Reiter Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The enormous potential of artificial intelligence, especially artificial neural networks, when used for edge computing applications in cars, traffic lights or smart watches, has not yet been fully exploited today. The reasons for this are the computing, energy and memory requirements of modern neural networks, which typically cannot be met by embedded devices. This article provides a detailed summary of today’s challenges and gives a deeper insight into existing solutions that enable neural network performance with modern HW/SW co-design techniques.
From Self-supervised Learning to Transfer Learning with Musculoskeletal Radiographs
Authors: Hinterwimmer Florian , Consalvo Sarah , Neumann Jan , Micheler Carina , Wilhelm Nikolas , Lang Jan , Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger von , Burgkart Rainer , Rueckert Daniel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ewing sarcomas are malignant neoplasm entities typically found in children and adolescents. Early detection is crucial for therapy and prognosis. Due to the low incidence the general experience as well as according data is limited. Novel support tools for diagnosis, such as deep learning models for image interpretation, are required. While acquiring sufficient data is a common obstacle in medicine, several techniques to tackle small data sets have emerged. The general necessity of large data sets in addition to a rare disease lead to the question whether transfer learning can solve the issue of limited data and subsequently support tasks such as distinguishing Ewing sarcoma from its main differential diagnosis (acute osteomyelitis) in paediatric radiographs. 42,608 unstructured radiographs from our musculoskeletal tumour centre were retrieved from the PACS. The images were clustered with a DeepCluster, a self-supervised algorithm. 1000 clusters were used for the upstream task (pretraining). Following, the pretrained classification network was applied for the downstream task of differentiating Ewing sarcoma and acute osteomyelitis. An untrained network achieved an accuracy of 81.5%/54.2%, while an ImageNet-pretrained network resulted in 89.6%/70.8% for validation and testing, respectively. Our transfer learning approach surpassed the best result by 4.4%/17.3% percentage points. Transfer learning demonstrated to be a powerful technique to support image interpretation tasks. Even for small data sets, the impact can be significant. However, transfer learning is not a final solution to small data sets. To achieve clinically relevant results, a structured and systematic data acquisition is of paramount importance.
Iron oxide nanoparticles with supramolecular ureidopyrimidinone coating
Authors: Turrina Chiara , Dankers Patricia Y. W. , Berensmeier Sonja , Schwaminger Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are a promising material in nanomedicine, especially for generating magnetically controlled drug delivery systems. We developed an innovative ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) coating based on supramolecular hydrogen bonding units. The synthesized nanoparticles possess a positively charged surface with a hydrodynamic diameter of 177 nm at pH 7 and magnetization of 31 emu g-1. The system has the potential to be modified by drugs or bioactive molecules altered with UPy units.
Generative-Adversarial-Network-Based Data Augmentation for the Classification of Craniosynostosis
Authors: Kaiser Christian , Schaufelberger Matthias , Kühle Reinald Peter , Wachter Andreas , Weichel Frederic , Hagen Niclas , Ringwald Friedemann , Eisenmann Urs , Engel Michael , Freudlsperger Christian , Nahm Werner 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Craniosynostosis is a congenital disease characterized by the premature closure of one or multiple sutures of the infant’s skull. For diagnosis, 3D photogrammetric scans are a radiation-free alternative to computed tomography. However, data is only sparsely available and the role of data augmentation for the classification of craniosynostosis has not yet been analyzed. In this work, we use a 2D distance map representation of the infants’ heads with a convolutional-neural-network-based classifier and employ a generative adversarial network (GAN) for data augmentation. We simulate two data scarcity scenarios with 15% and 10% training data and test the influence of different degrees of added synthetic data and balancing underrepresented classes. We used total accuracy and F1-score as a metric to evaluate the final classifiers. For 15% training data, the GAN-augmented dataset showed an increased F1-score up to 0.1 and classification accuracy up to 3 %. For 10% training data, both metrics decreased. We present a deep convolutional GAN capable of creating synthetic data for the classification of craniosynostosis. Using a moderate amount of synthetic data using a GAN showed slightly better performance, but had little effect overall. The simulated scarcity scenario of 10% training data may have limited the model’s ability to learn the underlying data distribution.
Dry-fog disinfection as a method for processing vehicles for passenger transport
Authors: Buhl Sebastian , Stich Alexander , Bulitta Clemens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Due to the corona pandemic, the demand for efficient and fast-acting disinfection measures is high. In this work, the disinfecting potential of a dry fogging technology (Apollon Biotech GmbH, Germany) was investigated for the possibility of disinfection of vehicles for passenger transport. This could represent a new approach for processing emergency vehicles or local passenger transport vehicles quickly and cost-effectively. A public bus was used as a model for a passenger transport vehicle (Ferienfahrschule Hense GbR, Germany). This vehicle was tested at predetermined points before and after dry-fog disinfection with swab and contact plate samples. In addition, contaminated sample tiles (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; 5x104 CFU) were placed at some locations in order to be able to record a standardized germ reduction. To determine the decontamination effect of the air in the vehicle, active airborne germ measurements were performed. In the airborne germ measurement, our results indicated a reduction of approx. 68% of the microbiological air contamination. Screening of the total contamination of the bus at several selected sites showed an average load of approximately 348 CFU per test site. After disinfection, the average bacterial count was reduced to approx. 18 CFU per test site. This disinfecting effect could also be shown with the standardized test tiles. An efficiency level of between log 0.8 and 3.7 was obtained at the various test sites.
A validation study for a consumer-grade auditory-visual stimulation device
Authors: Oppermann Hannes , Thelen Antonia , Elliot Stephen , Zanow Frank , Haueisen Jens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Self-care and improving one’s well-being has been growing rapidly in recent years for manifold reasons (e.g. higher workload, corona pandemic). Consumer-grade noninvasive stimulation devices are therefore on the rise to counteract the occurrence of mood disorders and burn-out symptoms. Here, we aim at investigating the impact of dynamically varying auditory-visual stimulation patterns on neural entrainment patterns and resonance phenomena. Twenty-two healthy volunteers (11 female, 25.4±5.1 years, one dropout, seven in control group) participated in the study. EEG data (64 channel; equidistant layout) were acquired preand during stimulation for each volunteer. Visual and auditory stimuli were presented via a headset (ATUM, Neuro- Bright; https://www.neurobright.co.uk/). Presentation patterns (frequency, intensity, spatial distribution) varied within a presentation session but were kept constant across all volunteers. Stimulus intensity was adjusted to individual comfort levels. Individual alpha peak frequencies (iAPF) were calculated via the power spectral density with 50% overlapping 10s epochs from pre-stimulation segments. For both, the study and the control group, a time-frequency representation was calculated for the pre- and during-stimulation segments. From this, power values were determined for different frequency-bands (iAPF, stimulation frequencies and second harmonics of the latter). Statistical analyses focused on contrasting the power values between pre- and during stimulation. Mean iAPF values were 10.25±0.99Hz for the study and 10.63±1.21Hz for the control group respectively. Both, power values at the stimulation frequencies and their second harmonics differed significantly between pre- and during stimulation (pstim=0.001; pharm=0.001) in the study group. No such difference was found for the control group (pstim=0.352; pharm=0.237). Further, neither the study nor the control group showed significant iAPF power differences (pstudy=0.035; pcontrol=0.352; alpha*=0.008). Our results suggest that lightweight, portable auditory-visual presentation devices represent an effective tool for generating entrainment and resonance effects at home. Further analyses will focus on the investigation of individual differences driving such modulatory effects.