bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy transition in the Levant region: assessing the legal, institutional and policy landscape
Authors: Darwish Mahdy , Ghanem Christelle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The rising energy demand can have a devastating effect on energy security and the environment if not mitigated properly, and it challenges world governments to ensure sustainable energy availability. While some countries are already leading the way in energy transition, others are struggling to cope with the process. Tackling the Levant region, namely Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq and Palestine, it can be simply deduced that these nations still haven’t reached an advanced level of energy shift yet. Intuitively, they have a lot of potential to unlock. This article aims to shed light on these aforementioned countries by exploring and assessing the impediments to the application of energy transition from legal, institutional and policy perspectives, and then suggesting reforms that might enable this process to move forward successfully. The article excludes Syria due to the ongoing conflict.
ROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1)–RGF1 INSENSITIVE 1 peptide–receptor pair inhibits lateral root development via the MPK6–PUCHImodule in Arabidopsis
Authors: Jeon Byeong Wook , Kim Jin Sun , Oh Eunkyoo , Kang Na Young , Kim Jungmook 
Published: December 2022

AbstractROOT MERISTEM GROWTH FACTOR1 (RGF1) and its receptors RGF1 INSENSITIVEs (RGIs) regulate primary root meristem activity via a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) signaling cascade in Arabidopsis. However, it is unknown how RGF1 regulates lateral root (LR) development. Here, we show that the RGF1–RGI1 peptide–receptor pair negatively regulates LR development via activation of PUCHI encoding AP2/EREBP. Exogenous RGF1 peptides inhibited LR development of the wild type. However, the rgi1 mutants were partially or fully insensitive to RGF1 during LR development, whereas four other rgi single mutants, namely rgi2, rgi3, rgi4, and rgi5, were sensitive to RGF1 in inhibiting LR formation. Consistent with this, the red fluorescent protein (RFP) signals driven by the RGF1 promoter were detected at stage I and the following stages, overlapping with RGI1 expression. PUCHI expression was significantly up-regulated by RGF1 but completely inhibited in rgi1. LR development of puchi1-1 was insensitive to RGF1. PUCHI expression driven by the RGI1 promoter reduced LR density in both the wild type and rgi1,2,3. Further, mpk6, but not mpk3, displayed significantly down-regulated PUCHI expression and insensitive LR development in response to RGF1. Collectively, these results suggest that the RGF1–RGI1 module negatively regulates LR development by activating PUCHI expression via MPK6.
Handling support cycles and collective interactions in the logical encoding of higher-order bipolar argumentation frameworks
Authors: Lagasquie-Schiex Marie-Christine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn our paper [17], we have proposed a logical encoding of argumentation frameworks with higher-order interactions (i.e. attacks or supports whose targets are arguments or other attacks or supports) with an evidential interpretation for supports, such frameworks are called REBAF. With this encoding, we are able to characterize the semantics of REBAF under the form of specific logical models. Nevertheless, this encoding has two important drawbacks: first, the handling of support cycles has some weaknesses, and second, the collective interactions (i.e. attacks or supports whose source is a set of arguments and not only one argument) are not taken into account. The present paper proposes an improvement of this encoding for solving these drawbacks. Moreover, we also extend this proposal to another kind of Higher-Order Bipolar Argumentation Framework, the RAFN, in which supports are interpreted as necessity.
Predictive Performance of Gram Staining of Catheter Tips for Candida Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections
Authors: Yamada Gen , Iwamoto Noriko , Ishikane Masahiro , Moriya Ataru , Kurokawa Masami , Mezaki Kazuhisa , Ohmagari Norio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We analyzed 2462 episodes of suspected catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for detecting Candida CRBSI by gram staining of catheter tips were 66.1%, 99.4%, 84.4%, and 98.4%, respectively. Gram staining may be useful for the early detection of Candida CRBSI.
Safety Profile of Linezolid in Older Adults With Renal Impairment: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bai Anthony D , McKenna Susan , Wise Heather , Loeb Mark , Gill Sudeep S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to characterize the safety profile of linezolid in patients with renal impairment compared with patients without renal impairment.

Methods
A population-based retrospective cohort study using linked administrative databases included patients aged 66 years or older in Ontario, Canada
who were prescribed linezolid from 2014 to 2021. Renal impairment was defined using baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or receipt of dialysis. The primary outcomes were change in platelet count and severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count &lt;50 × 109/L) within 90 days. Secondary outcomes included bleeding, neutropenia, peripheral neuropathy, optic neuropathy, acidosis, serotonin syndrome, and mortality. Inverse probability of treatment weighting on propensity score was used to balance comparison groups on baseline health.

Results
Of 625 patients, 98 (15.7%) patients had renal impairment. The mean (SD) platelet change was −88.3 (108.4) 109/L in the renal impairment group and −76.5 (109.8) 109/L in the no renal impairment group, with an adjusted mean difference of −29.4 (95% CI, −53.4 to −5.3; P = .0165). Severe thrombocytopenia occurred in 9.2% for the renal impairment group and 5.9% for the no renal impairment group, with an adjusted risk difference of 2.7% (95% CI, −3.1% to 8.6%; P = .3655). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
Patients with renal impairment on linezolid therapy had a larger decrease in platelet count, but their risks for severe thrombocytopenia and bleeding were not significantly different than patients without renal impairment. Linezolid is likely safe in renal impairment without dose adjustment or drug level monitoring.
Suzaku and Chandra study of diffuse X-ray emission from the massive star-forming region RCW 38
Authors: Fukushima Aoto , Ezoe Yuichiro , Odaka Hirokazu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In some massive star-forming regions, diffuse X-ray emission has been observed. It can be classified as thermal emission from sub- or several-keV plasmas, non-thermal emission represented by the power law, or a mixture of them. We have studied the nearby (∼1.7 kpc) young massive star-forming region RCW 38. In a previous study, non-thermal diffuse X-ray emission of 1.25 × 1.75 pc (∼2${_{.}^{\prime}}$5 × 3${_{.}^{\prime}}$5) was reported from Chandra observation. We observed the same region for 72 ks with Suzaku which has a low background and is highly sensitive to spatially extended emission. To detect and consider point source contributions, we also used Chandra data. We divided the area according to the radius from the cluster center. In the inner region (r &lt; 2${_{.}^{\prime}}$0), the existence of the non-thermal component (power law, Γ = 1.7 ± 0.4) was suggested although a two-temperature thermal model (kT = 0.90 ± 0.07 and $6.2^{+7.7}_{-2.3}\:$keV) could not be rejected. In the outer region (r = 2${_{.}^{\prime}}$0–5${_{.}^{\prime}}$5), a two-temperature (kT = 0.95 ± 0.10 and 4.8 ± 0.6 keV) thermal plasma model was favorable. In this paper, the origin of the diffuse X-ray emission is discussed in the context of non-thermal/thermal emission and energetics.
Recalling Responses: A RCT on Police Learning and Knowledge Retention
Authors: Bonadies Timothy , Herbert Jessica , Blum Jon , Schaefer Peggy , Beer-Maxwell Dianne , Cordner Gary , Carter Chris 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Public and policy demands to address police training are prominent in modern policing. While existing research has highlighted the gaps of inclusive topics and content dosage to meet reasonable expectations of knowledge or competency, there is a significant gap in policing research on evidence-based training methods. Specifically, the evaluation of police recruit training methods and the impact to student knowledge gain, retention, and application of concepts. This study is designed as two, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 152 police recruit participants. These participants are divided into control and treatment groups for in-person and online instructional methods and again into subgroups for traditional and integrated learning. These four groups are defined as: Group 1: In-Person Traditional; Group 2: Online Traditional; Group 3: In-Person Integrated; and Group 4: Online-Integrated. For all participants, four tests were administered to measure changes in knowledge gain and retention. Panel data within a weighted stratification model evaluated changes within groups and differences among groups. Integrated learning groups performed best overall for knowledge gain and longer retention of content. In-person Integrated (Group 3) had highest scoring for immediate knowledge gain and continued retention throughout the experiment. Knowledge retention decreased immediately for in-person traditional (Group 1) participants. These findings have direct impacts to the current practices of traditional police training during basic academies. Furthermore, additional details on student engagement during the experiment indicate additional expectations of recruit learners. Outcomes from this RCT inform practitioners how to deliver critical topics (e.g., communication skills) and measure officer knowledge and retention. The outcomes inform agencies on training development practices for future in-service and/or field training programming that reinforces concepts and critical skills.
Measurement Properties of the Simplified Chinese Version of the Lumbar Spine Instability Questionnaire for Patients With Low Back Pain in Mainland China
Authors: Chen Shao-Feng , Zhou Xiao-Yi , Cheng Ya-Jun , Yang Hao-Yan , Li Man-Ping , Zhai Xiao , Li Ming , Bai Yu-Shu , Wei Xian-Zhao 
Published: December 2022

Study Design.
A prospective study.

Objective.
To develop a simplified Chinese version of Lumbar Spine Instability Questionnaire (SC-LSIQ) and test its measurement properties.

Summary of Background Data.
The LSIQ has been translated into several languages. Different versions of LSIQ have proved good reliability and validity in evaluating patients with low back pain. However, there is no simplified Chinese version of LSIQ (SC-LSIQ).

Materials and Methods.
The SC-LSIQ has been translated into a simplified Chinese version according to a standard procedure. A total of 155 patients with low back pain completed the SC-LSIQ along with Oswestry Disability Index, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and visual analogue scale (VAS). The internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity of SC-LSIQ were then calculated to evaluate the measurement properties of SC-LSIQ.

Results.
The results of SC-LSIQ demonstrated that there was no ceiling or floor effect detected. The Cronbach α coefficient of 0.911 determined a well internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient (0.98) presented an excellent reliability of SC-LSIQ. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) showed that the SC-LSIQ was excellent correlated to Oswestry Disability Index (r=0.809), Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (r=0.870), and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (r=0.945,). Furthermore, it moderately correlated to visual analogue scale (r=0.586).

Conclusion.
The SC-LSIQ features good internal consistency, reliability, and validity for evaluating Chinese patients with LBP. Results suggest that the SC-LSIQ can be appropriately applied to patients with LBP in routine clinical practice.
Correlation Between Demographic Variables and Complications in Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis
Authors: Martinez Jose del Carmen , Tellez Nicolas , Gonzalez Luis Vicente , López Juan Pablo , Rodríguez-Sáenz Álvaro , Orjuela María Paula , Torres Ivan 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
This retrospective cross-sectional, observational study aims to determine the correlation between demographic variables and nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out. The inclusion criteria were nonsyndromic craniosynostosis and the exclusion criteria were patients who did not have complete records.

Results:
The sample included 49 patients and mainly women. Patients with more than 4 days in the intensive care unit were related with more complications. Intracranial Hypertension was seen predominantly in patients between 6 and 8 months P=0007.

Conclusion:
Some variables can modificate complications risk but future studies are needed to further investigate the influence of such variables on craniofacial care.
Effect of a high-fat diet and leptin on STAT3 phosphorylation in hippocampal astrocytes
Authors: Naranjo V. , Merino Beatriz , Del Olmo N. , Frago L.M. , Chowen J.A. , Ruiz-Gayo M. , Cano González Victoria 
Published: December 2022

Diet-induced obesity evoked by high-fat diets (HFD) impairs hippocampus-dependent learning and memory in juvenile mice. Leptin resistance has been proposed to play a role in this phenomenon. We have recently reported that leptin receptor (LepR) knockdown in astrocytes yields mice displaying both impaired synaptic plasticity and low Glu uptake efficacy in the hippocampus. These findings support the pivotal role for astrocyte LepR in hippocampus function, which could eventually be affected by HFD consumption.

Objective
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of HFD on the functionality of LepR by quantifying phosphorylated levels of 705Tyr-STAT3 in hippocampus astrocytes from mice that consumed an HFD either during the juvenile or the adult period.

Methods
Five- and eight-week-old male mice, fed during 8 weeks with either control chow or HFD, received a single dose of leptin and their brains were prepared for immunofluorescence to identify double-positive GFAP/p705Tyr-STAT3 cells.

Results
HFD intake led to increased pSTAT3 immunoreactivity in GFAP+ cells in the CA1/CA3 hippocampus areas. The effect was observed both in adolescent and adult mice. Leptin increased pSTAT3 immunoreactivity in control animals but was devoid of effect in HFD mice. HFD itself has no effect on the number of GFAP+ cells.

Conclusions
Our data show that regular intake of HFD enhances STAT3 signaling in CA1/CA3 astrocytes, an effect that could be linked to the increase of leptin triggered by HFD. The increase of pSTAT3 might be integral to homeostatic mechanisms aimed at maintaining hippocampus function.
Do relational benefits influence commitments and loyalty in a non-contract mechanism?
Authors: Lee Chang-Ju , Lee Sae-Mi , Iyer Rajesh , Lee Yong-Ki 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe study focuses on how to build long-term relationships with multi-channel agencies (MCAs) (dealers) who serve multiple manufacturers on a non-exclusive basis in a business-to-business (B2B) market. This study looks at the framework of relational benefits-commitment-long term orientation in a business-to-business context.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from MCAs of three leading companies in the food distribution business. The survey used established scales to measure the relational benefits (core, operational, social and special treatment), commitment (affective and calculative) and long-term orientation (LTO).FindingsThe findings of the study show that core, social and special treatment benefits influence calculative commitment, and operational and special treatment benefits influence affective commitment. The study also supports that calculative and affective commitment play an important role in understanding the loyalty of MCAs.Originality/valueThe research examines how relational benefits impact commitment and loyalty among MCAs and manufacturers, in a non-exclusive relationship, in the business-to-business environment. This study incorporates social exchange theory (SET), relational benefits paradigm and commitment and long-term orientation in its framework and tests it within the food distribution industry. This study is the first of its kind to examine the effects of relational benefits on MCAs behavior in a food supplier–buyer setting.
Valuing volunteers: emerging trends in the training of Volunteer Police Cadet Leaders
Authors: Pepper Ian , Rogers Colin 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to consider the training provided to Volunteer Police Cadet (VPC) Leaders in police forces across England and Wales who, as part of the wider policing volunteer family, lead organised youth development activities for uniformed police cadets.

Design/methodology/approach
An online ethically approved questionnaire was administered to volunteer leaders across six VPC schemes hosted by police forces in England and Wales. The sample population being selected due to their geographical spread across both nations, along with the similarities of their VPC schemes. The questionnaire collected demographic information of respondents, then used a blend of closed questions. Likert scales and free text boxes to explore attitudes.

Findings
The training for the volunteer leaders seems to focus on the mandated elements provided to protect the cadets from harm and also the organisation from litigation. With little development of additional knowledge, skills and behaviours (and in some cases required qualifications) to enhance the service and opportunities delivered to the young people by the volunteers.

Research limitations/implications
Due in part to the limited response rate, this research cannot claim to be representative of all individuals engaged in this voluntary role; it does however provide insights into the training of such volunteers.

Practical implications
The research informs the decision makers of how the training of volunteer cadet leaders within forces seems to focus on the completion of the mandatory elements, with little further development of the volunteers to deliver both varied and challenging activities for the cadets.

Originality/value
The research provides an insight for decision makers on how the training of volunteer cadet leaders within forces seems to focus on the mandatory elements, with few opportunities for further development of volunteer leaders to deliver new, varied and challenging activities for the cadets.
Diversity as an innovative means to improve corporate governance: a new perspective
Authors: Leung Tak Yan , Sane Anjali 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to address the research gap about the impact of board and audit committee diversity (gender, ethnicity, age and education) on audit fee by using a balanced panel of listed firms in four Asian markets – Hong Kong, India, Malaysia and Singapore. The authors argue that a more diverse board and audit committee with the inclusion of females, international directors and directors of different education levels may act as a more effective and innovative mechanism to monitor and regulate important managerial decision such as audit fee.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use a two-stage framework to address the endogeneity issue and the random-effects panel model to control for firm heterogeneity on a balanced panel of 200 firms in four Asian regions over 2011–2013 to examine the hypotheses presented in this study.

Findings
The authors find that diversity is a factor determining the level of fees paid to audit firms. A more diverse board and audit committee may demand audit services involving differential effort. Firms with more international directors on board and in audit committee pay a higher fee. In addition, a more educationally diverse board and audit committee also pay a higher fee. In contrast, a significant negative relationship is found between audit committee gender diversity and audit fees, but not between board gender diversity and audit fees, suggesting that a more gender-diverse audit committee asks for less audit effort and pays a lower audit fee.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of this study are based on three years of data from the largest 50 firms in four Asian regions, which limits the generalizability of the results. Like other cross-country studies, the analyses in this study also have problems in controlling for all unobservable factors related to cross-country differences in regulations or institutional environments. Diversity can take other forms, including experience, profession, tenure and marital status which are not a part of this study and lay the foundation for future research.

Practical implications
A firm with a more education-diverse board is more committed to quality monitoring and demands higher audit effort, and consequently, higher fees are paid to audit firms. More educationally diverse board and audit committee exercise more effective monitoring and prefer greater audit effort.

Social implications
Firms with more ethnic-diverse boards and audit committees may demand greater assurance for investor protection and pay higher audit fees. The complementary view of internal and external governance systems suggests more effective monitors may prefer additional protection through the purchase of more audit effort. The findings on education diversity and ethnic diversity are consistent with the argument of the complementary view.

Originality/value
This study highlights the significant impacts of diversity (gender, education and ethnicity) in the financial reporting process.
Understanding customers hospital experience and value co-creation behavior
Authors: Samsa Çağlar , Yüce Alpaslan 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test what experience value factors are required to constitute customer value co-creation behavior.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected the opinions of 395 customers who had hospital experience in the last one year and the value they perceived from these experiences through random sampling. In addition, they tested the effect of the value perceived by the customers from these experiences on the customer value co-creation behavior with the partial least structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) model using Smart PLS 3 software.FindingsThe measurements had strong reliability and validity. In addition, PLS-SEM results showed that customer experience value had a positive and significant effect on customer value co-creation behavior. The results of the study have revealed that creating the perception of customer experience value is an important determinant of customer value co-creation behavior (customer citizenship behavior and customer participation behavior) in hospitals.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the study is that the study was conducted only in public hospitals. The application was carried out in only one city and two public hospitals.Practical implicationsIt was concluded that customer experience value is the key factor for co-creation value in hospitals.Originality/valueAchieving co-creation value is considered a key element in the success and competitive advantage of hospitals. In the study, it was seen that the perception of customer experience value is very important in the success of the companies. It is predicted that these results will make significant contributions to firm managers in the design of hospital journeys of customers, service improvement and service excellence efforts.