bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The limited use of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant for fit older patients with multiple myeloma in India: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Revannasiddaiah Swaroop , Nagaraju Prathap Raja Varma Muppalla Ayalgar , Palassery Rasmi , Jagadish Apoorva , Maka Vinayak V. , Kilara Nalini , Rondelli Damiano , Devadas Santhosh Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) predominantly affects older patients; many of whom do not undergo autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) despite the associated survival benefits. This study was conceived to investigate the patterns of AHSCT among MM patients with due regard to their age and standardized fitness assessments.

Methods
Fitness scores as per the hematopoietic stem cell transplant-comorbidity index (HSCT-CI) and risk scores as per the revised-myeloma comorbidity index (R-MCI) of MM patients treated between January 2017 and December 2019 were analyzed to assess fitness for AHSCT. Proportions of patients who underwent AHSCT were calculated with regard to age and fitness for AHSCT.

Results
Of the 81 eligible patient records with a median age of 62 years, the HSCT-CI classified 79.6% and 77.8% of patients aged ≤65 years and >65 years as AHSCT eligible (p 1). Using the R-MCI, 96.3% and 81.5% of patients aged ≤65 years and >65 years, respectively, were classified as eligible for AHSCT (p 0.0381). Overall, patients aged ≤65 years underwent AHSCT with a greater frequency compared to those aged >65years (38.9 vs. 14.8%, p 0.0402). Irrespective of the age group, there was a statistically significant difference (p 0.0167) in terms of survival which favored those who underwent AHSCT.

Conclusions
Both the HSCT-CI and the R-MCI revealed that nearly 80% of patients aged >65 years were fit enough to receive AHSCT. However, far fewer patients of this age group underwent AHSCT. We propose that the routine inclusion of objective fitness assessment could ensure that fit older patients undergo AHSCT and thus do not miss out on the benefits of the same.
Thymus CT-grading and rebound hyperplasia during COVID-19 infection: a CT volumetric study with multivariate linear regression analysis
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Bastawi Rim Aly , Baess Ayman Ibrahim , Sweed Rania Ahmed , Eldin Omnia Ezz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The importance of thymic CT-grading and presence of thymic rebound hyperplasia during COVID-19 infection were only investigated in a few studies. This multivariate study aims to evaluate the relation between thymus CT-grading and rebound during COVID-19 infection and the following: (1) the patients' age, (2) the patients' blood lymphocytic count, (3) the CT-volumetry of the diseased lung parenchyma, (4) the patient's clinical course and prognosis, and finally (5) the final radiological diagnosis.

Results
Multicenter retrospective analyses were conducted between March and June 2021 on 325 adult COVID-19 patients with positive PCR results and negative history of malignant or autoimmune diseases. They included 186 males and 139 females (57.2%:42.8%). Their mean age was 40.42 years ± 14.531 SD. Three consulting radiologists performed CT-grading of the thymus gland (grade 0–3) and CT-severity scoring (CT-SS) of the pathological lung changes in consensus. Two consulting pulmonologists correlated the clinical severity and blood lymphocytic count. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and linear regression analyses were statistically utilized. Sub-involuted thymus (with CT-grade 0:2) was detected in 42/325 patients (12.9%); all of them had a mild clinical course and low CT-SS (0–1). Thymic rebound hyperplasia was the only positive CT-finding in 15/325 patients (4.6%) without pathological lung changes. A weak positive significant correlation was proved between thymic grade and patient's age, clinical course, and CT-SS (r = 0.217, 0.163, and 0.352 with p ≤ 0.0001, < 0.0001, and 0.002, respectively). A weak negative significant correlation was found between thymic grade and lymphocytic count (r = − 0.343 and p ≤ 0.0001). A strong positive significant correlation was encountered between clinical severity against patients' age and CT-SS (r = 0.616 and 0.803 with p ≤ 0.0001).

Conclusions
The presence of sub-involuted thymus or thymic rebound should not be radiologically overlooked in COVID-19 patients. During COVID-19 infection, the presence of sub-involuted thymus with low CT-grading (0–2) was correlated with young age groups, low CT-severity scoring, mild clinical course, and better prognosis (good prognostic factor). It was seldom seen in old hospitalized patients. Atypically, it was also correlated with normal lymphocytic count or even lymphocytosis. The thymic rebound could be the only positive CT-finding even during the absence of lung involvement.
Revisiting Cantillon's Admirable Theory of Distribution and Value: A Misinterpretation Corrected
Authors: Grieve Roy H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The question at issue in this article is whether Richard Cantillon, notwithstanding his high reputation as an analyst of economic phenomena, failed to construct a tenable theory of value. That is a not uncommon allegation or implication found in the current literature. Several assessments of Cantillon's work do him a disservice by saddling him with a crude and unsatisfactory theory of value—specifically a “land-embodied” explanation of relative commodity values. That may at present be described as the dominant reading. While it is true that not all interpreters of Cantillon take the land-embodied line, it is nevertheless high time that the misrepresentation of Cantillon as the proponent of a land theory of value be called into question. This serious error needs to be highlighted and a proper understanding of Richard Cantillon's remarkably insightful analysis of distribution and value brought more firmly into mainstream thinking. This article wishes to establish that Cantillon was offering not—as alleged—a crude land-embodied explanation of relative values but, on the contrary, a viable cost-of-production treatment, set firmly in the contemporary social context (an approach that would be further developed by Smith and Marx as appropriate to later economic and social conditions).
How the Phillips Curve Shaped Full Employment Policy in the 1970s: The Debates on the Humphrey-Hawkins Act
Authors: Goutsmedt Aurélien 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article relates the history of economists' influence in shaping the content of the Humphrey-Hawkins Act (1978) and its immediate consequences. The act committed the federal government to reducing unemployment to 4 percent and inflation to 3 percent as soon as 1983. Initially, the Humphrey-Hawkins bill was conceived as a project to favor the economic integration of African Americans and economic planning and targeted only the unemployment rate. Republican senators successfully pushed for adding a numerical inflation target during the debates in Congress. The act eventually put on equal footing inflation and unemployment. This article argues that the economists in the Carter administration, and notably the Council of Economic Advisers, were instrumental, even if unintentionally, in favoring the integration of an inflation target and such an interpretation of the bill. In the negotiations that opposed them to the supporters of the bill, as well as in the analysis of the bill they produced, they insisted on the existence of a trade-off between inflation and unemployment and referred frequently to the famous Phillips curve. They endeavored to anchor their expertise on academic publications, which strengthened the role of the Phillips curve in shaping the debates. Business organizations and senators used references to the trade-off to undermine the bill and favor the integration of an inflation target.
Ni-MOF with Dual Organic Ligands Derived Pt-Ni Alloy Catalyst for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Zewu , Dai Yifan , He Zhaohui , Wang Zhizhi , Ji Hongjin , Lu Linhan , Wu Yin , Bu Xiaohai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
N-doped carbon-modified carbon nanotube/Pt-Ni alloy catalysts were prepared via a thermal decomposition of Ni-MOF with dual organic ligands (triethylene diamine and terephthalic acid). Different from the individual Pt and Ni nanoparticles derived from Ni-MOF with a single organic ligand, the dual organic ligands bestow the obtained Pt-Ni nanoparticles with alloy structure. The fabricated catalyst exhibits significant hydrogen evolution reaction activity and stability in the alkaline solution, with an overpotential of −196 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2. Moreover, the TOF value of CNT/Pt-Ni catalyst is 2.1 times greater than the incumbent commercial Pt/C catalyst (at the overpotential of −300 mV), demonstrating it as a promising electrocatalyst for water splitting reaction.
Mental health, suicide attempt, and family function for adolescents’ primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rojas-Torres Indiana-Luz , Ahmad Mostapha , Martín Álvarez Juan Manuel , Golpe Antonio A , Gil Herrera Richard de Jesús 
Published: May 2022

Background: The study’s purpose was to identify associations between mental health risk, suicide attempts, and family function. Methods: A correlational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of adolescents in the last grade of secondary school to establish the association between mental health risk, suicide attempt, and family functionality. The instruments used were the self-report questionnaire, the suicide risk assessment scale, and the family APGAR. Data analysis was performed using the artificial intelligence algorithm (gower clustering). Results: 246 adolescents responded to the three instruments, which made it possible to select those with correlations of sensitive interest and, based on these, an intervention plan. Psychological distress was found in 28%, psychotic symptoms in 85%, and problematic alcohol use in 9%. Good family functioning was identified in 34% and some type of family dysfunction in 66%. In terms of suicide risk, there was a low suicide risk of 74%, 24% medium risk, and 2% high risk. It could be shown that there is a correlation in a group of 15% of the respondents. Conclusions: The risk of suffering mental health deterioration and the suicide risk, during this pandemic period, seems to be related to family functionality.
Antiproliferative activity of standardized herbal phytopreparation from Asclepias subulata
Authors: González Gutiérrez Francisco Humberto , Rascón Valenzuela Luisa Alondra , Meneses Sagrero Salvador Enrique , Dias-Silva Marcelo J. , Valenzuela Antelo Olivia , Velazquez Carlos , Vilegas Wagner , Robles Zepeda Ramón Enrique 
Published: May 2022

Background: Several studies have shown that active compounds of Asclepias subulata (cardenolides) have antiproliferative effect on human cancer cells. Cardenolides isolated from A. subulata can be used as active chemical markers to elaborate phytopharmaceutical preparations. To evaluate the antiproliferative effect of a standardized extract of the aerial parts, based on Asclepias subulata cardenolides. Methods: Four standardized extracts were prepared by HPLC-DAD depending on the concentration of calotropin and the antiproliferative activity was measured for the MTT assay, on the A549, MCF-7, HeLa, PC3 and ARPE cell lines. The concentrations of calotropin used for the standardization of the extracts were 10, 7.6, 5 and 1 mg/dL. Results: Standardization of the A. subulata extract based on calotropin at 7.6 mg/g dry weight was achieved and the antiproliferative activity was evaluated over A549, HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, obtaining proliferation percentages of 3.8 to 13.4%. Conclusions: The standardized extracts of A. subulata at different concentrations of calotropin showed antiproliferative activity against all the cell lines evaluated. The greatest effect was observed against the HeLa cell line.
Marine plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using mangrove Rhizophora stylosa: Effect of variable process and their antibacterial activity
Authors: Willian Nancy , Syukri Syukri , Zulhadjri Zulhadjri , Pardi Hilfi , Arief Syukri 
Published: May 2022

Background: Most natural plants used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles are limited to marine plants. To carry out applications, colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNps) should have appropriate properties such as homogeneous shapes, small and narrow particle size distribution, and long time stability. This study aims to determine the effects of a variable process of AgNps mediated mangrove Rhizophora stylosa (RS) leaf extract, and antibacterial activity. Methods: Synthesis of AgNps was carried out by stirring silver nitrate solution with aqueous extract. The characterization of AgNps was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) zetasizer and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Evaluation of antibacterial activity was carried out on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Reaction conditions such as the concentration of metal ions (0.001 M, 0.005 M, and 0.01 M), extracts (1%, 3%, and 5% v/v), and the reaction time on the size and stability of nanoparticles were also explored. Results: The UV-Vis spectroscopy showed an absorption of colloidal AgNps in a wavelength range of 403–443 nm. TEM analysis showed that as-synthesized AgNps were spherical in shape with a size range of 5–87 nm. The use of 0.001 M and 0.005 M of Ag+ resulted in a smaller diameter than the synthesized AgNps, using 0.01 M Ag+, in the same extract concentration. The range of zeta potential was -24.9 mV to -27.7 mV. The as-synthesized AgNps were stable for more than one month. The XRD analysis showed four peaks, which were attributed to the face centered cubic crystal structure of metallic silver. The results of the silver nanoparticles synthesis showed good activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with an inhibition zone between 4.1–7.2 mm. Conclusions: The AgNps synthesized with RS leaf extract, which is a reducing agent, showed good potential as an antibacterial component.
Uterine diagnostics: what is the best sample?
Authors: Chedgey Emma 
Published: May 2022

Uterine disease, particularly endometritis, is commonly encountered in equine reproduction and has major implications for mare fertility and breeding economics. A thorough reproductive examination, combined with selection of appropriate uterine diagnostics and interpretation of those findings, is essential in the work up of cases of mare infertility. Addition of endometrial cytology and alternative culture methods, such as the low-volume lavage and uterine biopsy, will increase the clinician's diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. The practitioner's approach to the investigation of uterine disease in the field and required techniques are described in this review article.
1D quasi-bound states in the continuum with large operation bandwidth in the ω∼k space for nonlinear optical applications
Authors: Sun Kaili , Jiang Hui , Bykov Dmitry A. , Van Vien , Levy Uriel , Cai Yangjian , Han Zhanghua 
Published: May 2022

The phenomenon of bound state in the continuum (BIC) with an infinite quality factor and lifetime has emerged in recent years in photonics as a new tool to manipulate light–matter interactions. However, most of the investigated structures only support BIC resonances at very few discrete points in the

ω
∼
k

space. Even when the BIC is switched to a quasi-BIC (QBIC) resonance through perturbation, its frequency will still be located within a narrow spectral band close to that of the original BIC, restricting their applications in many fields where random or multiple input frequencies beyond the narrow band are required. In this work, we demonstrate that a new set of QBIC resonances can be supported by using a special binary grating consisting of two alternatingly aligned ridge arrays with the same period and zero-approaching ridge width difference on a slab waveguide. These QBIC resonances are distributed continuously over a broad band along a line in the

ω
∼
k

space and can thus be considered as 1D QBICs. With the

Q

factors generally affected by the ridge difference, it is now possible to arbitrarily choose any frequencies on the dispersion line to achieve significantly enhanced light–matter interactions, facilitating many applications where multiple input wavelengths are required; e.g., sum or difference frequency generations in nonlinear optics.
Experimental demonstration of robust nanophotonic devices optimized by topological inverse design with energy constraint
Authors: Zhang Guowu , Xu Dan-Xia , Grinberg Yuri , Liboiron-Ladouceur Odile 
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present the experimental results for integrated photonic devices optimized with an energy-constrained inverse design method. When this constraint is applied, optimizations are directed to solutions that contain the optical field inside the waveguide core medium, leading to more robust designs with relatively larger minimum feature size. We optimize three components: a mode converter (MC), a 1310 nm/1550 nm wavelength duplexer, and a three-channel C-band wavelength demultiplexer for coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) application with 50 nm channel spacing. The energy constraint leads to nearly binarized structures without applying independent binarization stage. It also reduces the appearance of small features. In the MC, well-binarized design, improved insertion loss, and cross talk are obtained as a result. Furthermore, the proposed constraint improves the robustness to fabrication imperfections as shown in the duplexer design. With energy constraint optimization, the corresponding spectrum shifts for the duplexer under

±
10

nm

dimensional variations are reduced from 105 nm to 55 nm and from 72 nm to 60 nm for the 1310 nm and 1550 nm channel, respectively. In the CWDM demultiplexer, robustness toward

±
10

nm

fabrication error is improved by a factor of 2. The introduction of the energy constraint into topological optimization demonstrates computational gain with better-performing designs.
Stimulated generation of deterministic platicon frequency microcombs
Authors: Liu Hao , Huang Shu-Wei , Wang Wenting , Yang Jinghui , Yu Mingbin , Kwong Dim-Lee , Colman Pierre , Wong Chee Wei 
Published: May 2022

Dissipative Kerr soliton generation in chip-scale nonlinear resonators has recently observed remarkable advances, spanning from massively parallel communications, to self-referenced oscillators, and to dual-comb spectroscopy. Often working in the anomalous dispersion regime, unique driving protocols and dispersion in these nonlinear resonators have been examined to achieve the soliton and soliton-like temporal pulse shapes and coherent frequency comb generation. The normal dispersion regime provides a complementary approach to bridge the nonlinear dynamical studies, including the possibility of square pulse formation with flattop plateaus, or platicons. Here we report observations of square pulse formation in chip-scale frequency combs through stimulated pumping at one free spectral range and in silicon nitride rings with

+
55

fs

2

/
mm

normal group velocity dispersion. Tuning of the platicon frequency comb via a varied sideband modulation frequency is examined in both spectral and temporal measurements. Determined by second-harmonic autocorrelation and cross correlation, we observe bright square platicon pulse of 17 ps pulse width on a 19 GHz flat frequency comb. With auxiliary-laser-assisted thermal stabilization, we surpass the thermal bistable dragging and extend the mode-locking access to narrower 2 ps platicon pulse states, supported by nonlinear dynamical modeling and boundary limit discussions.
Entomological risk of African tick-bite fever (Rickettsia africae infection) in Eswatini
Authors: Ledger Kimberly J. , Innocent Hanna , Lukhele Sifiso M. , Dorleans Rayann , Wisely Samantha M. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Rickettsia africae is a tick-borne bacterium that causes African tick-bite fever (ATBF) in humans. In southern Africa, the tick Amblyomma hebraeum serves as the primary vector and reservoir for R. africae and transmits the bacterium during any life stage. Previous research has shown that even when malaria has been dramatically reduced, unexplained acute febrile illnesses persist and may be explained by the serological evidence of rickettsiae in humans.

Methodology/Principal findings
We collected 12,711 questing Amblyomma larvae across multiple land use types in a savanna landscape in Eswatini. Our results show that host-seeking Amblyomma larvae are abundant across both space and time, with no significant difference in density by land use or season. We investigated the entomological risk (density of infected larvae) of ATBF from A. hebraeum larvae by testing over 1,600 individual larvae for the presence of R. africae using a novel multiplex qPCR assay. We found an infection prevalence of 64.9% (95% CI: 62.1–67.6%) with no land use type significantly impacting prevalence during the dry season of 2018. The mean density of infected larvae was 57.3 individuals per 100m2 (95% CI: 49–65 individuals per 100m2).

Conclusions
Collectively, our results demonstrate R. africae infected A. hebraeum larvae, the most common tick species and life stage to bite humans in southern Africa, are ubiquitous in the savanna landscape of this region. Increased awareness of rickettsial diseases is warranted for policymakers, scientists, clinicians, and patients. Early detection of disease via increased clinician awareness and rapid diagnostics will improve patient outcomes for travelers and residents of this region.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dublin Sascha , Idu Abisola , Avalos Lyndsay A. , Cheetham T. Craig , Easterling Thomas R. , Chen Lu , Holt Victoria L. , Nance Nerissa , Bider-Canfield Zoe , Neugebauer Romain S. , Reynolds Kristi , Badon Sylvia E. , Shortreed Susan M. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo compare maternal and infant outcomes with different antihypertensive medications in pregnancy.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingKaiser Permanente, a large healthcare system in the United States.PopulationWomen aged 15–49 years with a singleton birth from 2005–2014 treated for hypertension.MethodsWe identified medication exposure from automated pharmacy data based on the earliest dispensing after the first prenatal visit. Using logistic regression, we calculated weighted outcome prevalences, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals, with inverse probability of treatment weighting to address confounding.Main outcome measuresSmall for gestational age, preterm delivery, neonatal and maternal intensive care unit (ICU) admission, preeclampsia, and stillbirth or termination at > 20 weeks.ResultsAmong 6346 deliveries, 87% with chronic hypertension, the risk of the infant being small for gestational age (birthweight < 10th percentile) was lower with methyldopa than labetalol (prevalence 13.6% vs. 16.6%; aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.92). For birthweight < 3rdpercentile the aOR was 0.57 (0.39 to 0.80). Compared with labetalol (26.0%), risk of preterm delivery was similar for methyldopa (26.5%; aOR 1.10 [0.95 to 1.27]) and slightly higher for nifedipine (28.5%; aOR 1.25 [1.06 to 1.46]) and other β-blockers (31.2%; aOR 1.58 [1.07 to 2.23]). Neonatal ICU admission was more common with nifedipine than labetalol (25.9% vs. 23.3%, aOR 1.21 [1.02 to 1.43]) but not elevated with methyldopa. Risks of other outcomes did not differ by medication.ConclusionsRisk of most outcomes was similar comparing labetalol, methyldopa and nifedipine. Risk of the infant being small for gestational age was substantially lower for methyldopa, suggesting this medication may warrant further consideration.