bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resummation of small-x double logarithms in QCD: inclusive deep-inelastic scattering
Authors: Davies J. , Kom C.-H. , Moch S. , Vogt A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of high-energy double logarithms in inclusive DIS. They appear parametrically as $$ {\alpha}_s^n $$

α
s
n

ln2n−kx at the n-th order in perturbation theory in the splitting functions for the parton evolution and the coefficient functions for the hard scattering process, and represent the leading corrections at small x in the flavour non-singlet case. We perform their resummation, in terms of modified Bessel functions, to all orders in full QCD up to NNLL accuracy, and partly to N3LL and beyond in the large-nc limit, and provide fixed-order expansions up to five loops. In the flavour-singlet sector, where these double logarithms are sub-dominant at small x compared to single-logarithmic $$ {\alpha}_s^n $$

α
s
n

x−1 lnn−kx BFKL contributions, we construct fixed-order expansions up to five loops at NNLL accuracy in full QCD. The results elucidate the analytic small-x structure underlying inclusive DIS results in fixed-order perturbation theory and provide important information for present and future numerical and analytic calculations of these quantities.
Effect of four premolar extractions on the vertical dimension of the face
Authors: Rüedi Anna , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. , Eliades Theodore , Koretsi Vasiliki 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Adequate control of the vertical dimension is of great importance in orthodontic treatment. Although existing evidence is very limited, extraction of four premolars is thought to contribute towards improved control of anterior facial height compared with non-extraction treatment protocols. Thus, the aim of this retrospective cohort study was to compare the effect of fixed-appliance treatment with extraction of four premolars to non-extraction treatment on the skeletal vertical dimension.

Methods
A consecutive sample of 76 children with skeletal hyperdivergence (49% male; mean age 11.9 years) was divided into two groups for treatment with either non-extraction (n = 31) or extraction of four premolars (n = 45). Baseline characteristics were comparable: overjet 5.1 ± 2.5 mm, overbite 2.4 ± 1.9 mm, ANB angle 4.6 ± 2.3°, and SN-ML angle 40.2 ± 3.5°. Patients were treated with standard edgewise fixed appliances with closing loops/sliding mechanics. Vertical skeletal and dental outcomes were measured on lateral cephalograms before and after treatment. Data were analyzed with linear regression at 5%.

Results
Compared to non-extraction treatment, treatment with premolar extractions had no significant effect on the SN-ML angle (difference (Δ) = 0.07°; 95% confidence interval −0.90 to 1.01°; P = 0.88). Statistically significant changes between the extraction and non-extraction groups were only found for the parameters SNA (Δ −1.47°; P = 0.003), ANB (Δ −1.17°; P = 0.004), SN-OP (Δ −1.48°; P = 0.04), and L1-ML (Δ −6.39°; P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Orthodontic treatment of children with skeletal hyperdivergence using systematic extraction of four premolars had minimal effects on the vertical facial dimension compared to non-extraction treatment.
A novel algorithm for optimal buffer allocation in automated asynchronous unreliable lines
Authors: Magnanini Maria Chiara , Terkaj Walter , Tolio Tullio A. M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Buffer Allocation Problem is a well-known optimization problem aiming at determining the optimal buffer sizes in a manufacturing system composed by various machines decoupled by buffers. This problem still has scientific relevance because of problem complexity and trade-off between conflicting goals. Moreover, it assumes industrial relevance in reconfigurable manufacturing lines, where buffer sizes can be easily adapted to the production scenario. This work proposes a novel algorithm integrating performance evaluation and optimization by means of throughput cuts based on a linear approximation. Numerical results show the validity of the proposed approach with respect to the traditional gradient-based method. Moreover, an industrial case study integrating the proposed approach into a decision-support system for the buffer allocation and reallocation is analyzed.
A prospective comparative study between percutaneous cannulated screws and Kirschner wires in treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures
Authors: El-Azab Hossam , Ahmed Khalaf Fathy Elsayed , Khalefa Abdelrahman Hafez , Marzouk Ashraf Rashad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Several minimally invasive procedures were used to treat displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs). No agreement among different authors about either the ideal fixation method or which technique is minimally invasive. The aim of this study was to compare functional and radiographic outcomes of two minimally invasive techniques in treatment of Sanders type II and III DIACFs by using K-wires or cannulated screws without bone grafts.

Methods
A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 28 patients (34 feet) with Sanders type II or III DIACFs, treated by closed reduction and fixation using cannulated screws or K-wires, at the Orthopedics Department of Sohag University Hospital, between April 2020 and February 2022. Functional assessment was done by American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and VAS for pain. Radiographic assessment was done by measurement of three calcaneal angles (Gissane, Böhler’s, and posterior facet inclination angles) and three calcaneal distances (height, length, and width of the calcaneus).

Results
Mean ages of patients at the time of operation were 34.8 years for the cannulated screw group and 36.6 years for the K-wire group. A vast majority of patients were males (78.6%). Involvement of the right side in the cannulated screw group was 57.1% and that in the K-wire group was 47.9%. Mean operative time was significantly shorter among the K-wire group (42 min) compared to the cannulated screw group (57 min). Mean AOFAS score was higher among the cannulated screw group (85.9 points) compared to the K-wire group (75.8 points). Final VAS was significantly better among the cannulated screw group compared to the K-wire group. Mean time of radiographic union in the cannulated screw group was 8.9 weeks and that in the K-wire group was 10.1 weeks.

Conclusion
Both techniques avoided wound complications associated with ORIF with the advantage of a shorter hospital stay. Patients in the cannulated screw group had better functional and radiographic outcomes and a lower rate of subtalar arthritis than patients in the K-wire group. K-wires had advantages of reduced operative time, and easy removal as an outpatient procedure.
Bioprocess development of 2, 3-butanediol production using agro-industrial residues
Authors: Hazeena Sulfath Hakkim , Shurpali Narasinha J. , Siljanen Henri , Lappalainen Reijo , Anoop Puthiyamdam , Adarsh Velayudhanpillai Prasannakumari , Sindhu Raveendran , Pandey Ashok , Binod Parameswaran 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe valorization of agricultural and industrial wastes for fuel and chemical production benefits environmental sustainability. 2, 3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a value-added platform chemical covering many industrial applications. Since the global market is increasing drastically, production rates have to increase. In order to replace the current petroleum-based 2,3-BDO production, renewable feedstock's ability has been studied for the past few decades. This study aims to find an improved bioprocess for producing 2,3-BDO from agricultural and industrial residues, consequently resulting in a low CO2 emission bioprocess. For this, screening of 13 different biomass samples for hydrolyzable sugars has been done. Alkali pretreatment has been performed with the processed biomass and enzyme hydrolysis performed using commercial cellulase. Among all biomass hydrolysate oat hull and spruce bark biomass could produce the maximum amount of total reducing sugars. Later oat hull and spruce bark biomass with maximum hydrolyzable sugars have been selected for submerged fermentation studies using Enterobacter cloacae SG1. After fermentation, 37.59 and 26.74 g/L of 2,3-BDO was obtained with oat hull and spruce bark biomass, respectively. The compositional analysis of each step of biomass processing has been performed and changes in each component have been evaluated. The compositional analysis has revealed that biomass composition has changed significantly after pretreatment and hydrolysis leading to a remarkable release of sugars which can be utilized by bacteria for 2,3-BDO production. The results have been found to be promising, showing the potential of waste biomass residues as a low-cost raw material for 2,3-BDO production and thus a new lead in an efficient waste management approach for less CO2 emission.
Graphical Abstract
The effect of anti-TNF on renal function in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Swart I. A. P. , Visman I. M. , Heslinga M. , van der Horst-Bruinsma I. E. , van Denderen J. C. , Nurmohamed M. T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Biologicals, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF), reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Impaired renal function is a known predictor of CVD and elevated in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Objective
To assess the effect of anti-TNF on renal function in patients with AS and whether anti-TNF use is safe in AS patients with pre-existing risk factors for renal decline.

Method
Biological-naïve consecutive AS patients treated with etanercept or adalimumab were prospectively followed from 2005 to 2014. Renal function was determined by calculation of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), estimated with the abbreviated modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula. The effect of anti-TNF on eGFR was analyzed using mixed model analysis.

Results
211 AS patients were followed for a median of 156 (36–286) weeks. Overall mixed model analyses showed a significant decrease of eGFR over time (β =  − 0.040, p = 0.000), although this association did not remain significant after adjustment for responding to anti-TNF, alcohol use, disease duration, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and disease activity (β =  − 0.018, p = 0.094). However, patients with pre-existing risk factors for renal decline did have a significant change in eGFR over time (β =  − 0.029, p = 0.006).

Conclusions
We found a significant change in eGFR over time, although this small decrease was not clinically relevant. This study further demonstrates that anti-TNF does not affect renal function in AS patients with and without existing risk factors for renal decline, which means that use of anti-TNF is safe concerning renal function in patients with AS.

Key Points• Previous studies showed that biologicals, such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF), reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS).• Impaired renal function is a known predictor of CVD, and also a known concern for many AS patients.• Use of anti-TNF is safe with regard to renal function in patients with AS.• The effect of anti-TNF on CVD in AS patients does not seem to be mediated by changes in renal function.
The ‘welcomed lockdown’ hypothesis? Mental wellbeing and mobility restrictions
Authors: Costa-Font Joan , Knapp Martin , Vilaplana-Prieto Cristina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and its mobility restrictions have been an external shock, influencing mental wellbeing. However, does risk exposure to COVID-19 affect the mental wellbeing effect of lockdowns? This paper examines the ‘welcomed lockdown’ hypothesis, namely the extent to which there is a level of risk where mobility restrictions are not a hindrance to mental wellbeing. We exploit the differential timing of exposure the pandemic, and the different stringency of lockdown policies across European countries and we focus on the effects on two mental health conditions, namely anxiety and depression. We study whether differences in the individual symptoms of anxiety and depression are explained by the combination of pandemic mortality and stringency of lockdown. We draw on an event study approach, complemented with a Difference-in-Difference (DiD), and Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD). Our estimates suggest an average increase in depression (3.95%) and anxiety (10%) symptoms relative to the mean level on the day that lockdown took effect. However, such effects are wiped out when a country’s exhibits high mortality (‘pandemic category 5’). Hence, we conclude that in an environment of high mortality, lockdowns no longer give rise to a reduction in mental wellbeing consistent with the ‘welcome lockdown’ hypothesis.
Using the Implementation Research Logic Model as a Lens to View Experiences of Implementing HIV Prevention and Care Interventions with Adolescent Sexual Minority Men—A Global Perspective
Authors: Nelson LaRon E. , Ogunbajo Adedotun , Abu-Ba’are Gamji Rabiu , Conserve Donaldson F. , Wilton Leo , Ndenkeh Jackson Junior , Braitstein Paula , Dow Dorothy , Arrington-Sanders Renata , Appiah Patrick , Tucker Joe , Nam Soohyun , Garofalo Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdolescents and sexual minority men (SMM) are high priority groups in the United Nations’ 2021 − 2016 goals for HIV prevention and viral load suppression. Interventions aimed at optimizing HIV prevention, testing and viral load suppression for adolescents must also attend to the intersectional realities influencing key sub-populations of SMM. Consequently, there is not a robust evidence-base to guide researchers and program partners on optimal approaches to implementing interventions with adolescent SMM. Using a multiple case study design, we integrated the Implementation Research Logic Model with components of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and applied it as a framework for a comparative description of ten HIV related interventions implemented across five countries (Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and United States). Using self-reported qualitative survey data of project principal investigators, we identified 17 of the most influential implementation determinants as well as a range of 17 strategies that were used in 90 instances to support intervention implementation. We highlight lessons learned in the implementation research process and provide recommendations for researchers considering future HIV implementation science studies with adolescent SMM.
Assessing measures of animal welfare
Authors: Browning Heather 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere are many decision contexts in which we require accurate information on animal welfare, in ethics, management, and policy. Unfortunately, many of the methods currently used for estimating animal welfare in these contexts are subjective and unreliable, and thus unlikely to be accurate. In this paper, I look at how we might apply principled methods from animal welfare science to arrive at more accurate scores, which will then help us in making the best decisions for animals. I construct and apply a framework of desiderata for welfare measures, to assess the best of the currently available methods and argue that a combined use of both a whole-animal measure and a combination measurement framework for assessing welfare will give us the most accurate answers to guide our action.
A Brief Cognitive Behavioural Intervention for Parents of Anxious Children: Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Jewell C , Wittkowski A , Collinge S , Pratt Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Parent-only psychological interventions can be effective treatments for child anxiety. Involving parents in treatment may be beneficial for children, ensuring that interventions are delivered effectively in a supportive environment. Few studies have investigated the feasibility and acceptability of parent-only interventions for child anxiety.

Objective
In this study, we report on feasibility, acceptability and preliminary clinical outcomes of a brief cognitive behavioural group intervention for parents of children (4- to 10-years-olds) experiencing anxiety in the absence of a diagnosed anxiety disorder.

Method
Parent participants attended a three-session group intervention delivered online. We collected feasibility information (recruitment and retention rates); parents and children (when appropriate) completed acceptability and clinical outcome measures after each session. Participants were also interviewed about the acceptability of the intervention and study processes.

Results
Nineteen parents consented to take part (child mean age 6.47, SD 1.23). Participant retention rates (68.4%) and intervention satisfaction (total mean CSQ score 28.52) were high​. Calculated effect sizes were moderate to large for parent-rated outcomes, small for child self-reported anxiety, and small to moderate for parent confidence/efficacy. Thematic analysis of interview data identified benefits, such as connecting with parents and learning strategies, as well as challenges associated with the intervention.

Conclusions
Attendance appeared to be associated with positive changes for parents and children. Overall, participants found this to be an acceptable and useful intervention. These findings demonstrated the potential benefit of a brief intervention for parents of anxious children. A larger trial is required to further investigate these preliminary findings.
Assessing Body Esteem in Adolescents: psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Body Esteem Scale (BESAA-S)
Authors: Beltrán-Garrayo Lucia , Mercado-Garrido Esther , Román Francisco Javier , Rojo Marta , Sepúlveda Ana Rosa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
“How do I perceive my own body?“ is a central question during adolescence, which addresses the subjective assessment of body image, called Body Esteem. Although concern about body esteem increases during adolescence, there is a lack of psychometrically validated measures to assess it specifically among Spanish adolescents.

Objective
This study aims to validate the Body-Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adult populations (BESAA), a widely used measure of body esteem across cultures, among the Spanish adolescent population.

Methods
The cross-cultural adequacy and acceptability of the Argentinian-Spanish version by Forbes et al., (2012) were pilot tested and the questionnaire was completed by 1,258 students (Mage = 15.56). Next, several psychometric analyses were carried out: exploratory (AFE) and confirmatory (CFA) factorial structure, convergent and discriminant validity, nomological validity, internal consistency, and temporal reliability.

Results
The AFE and CFA supported a reduced Spanish version of the BESAA of 14 items (BESAA-S) and maintained the original three-factor structure (BE-Weight, BE-Appearance, and BE-Attribution subscales). The BESAA-S showed acceptable internal consistency and strong test-retest reliability. Discriminant validity between subscales was appropriate, and convergent validity was appropriate except for the BE-Attribution subscale. Nomological validity was supported through significant correlations with body appreciation, general self-esteem, sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and disordered eating symptoms. Body esteem was negatively associated with weight status.

Conclusions
This study presents a culturally appropriate, shortened Spanish BESAA as a reliable instrument for body esteem assessment among Spanish speaking adolescents.
Data governance through a multi-DLT architecture in view of the GDPR
Authors: Zichichi Mirko , Ferretti Stefano , D’Angelo Gabriele , Rodríguez-Doncel Víctor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe centralization of control over the processing of personal data threatens the privacy of individuals due to the lack of transparency and the obstruction of easy access to their data. Individuals need the tools to effectively exercise their rights, enshrined in regulations such as the European Union General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Having direct control over the flow of their personal data would not only favor their privacy but also a “data altruism”, as supported by the new European proposal for a Data Governance Act. In this work, we propose a multi-layered architecture for the management of personal information based on the use of distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). After an in-depth analysis of the tensions between the GDPR and DLTs, we propose the following components: (1) a personal data storage based on a (possibly decentralized) file storage (DFS) to guarantee data sovereignty to individuals, confidentiality and data portability; (2) a DLT-based authorization system to control access to data through two distributed mechanisms, i.e. secret sharing (SS) and threshold proxy re-encryption (TPRE); (3) an audit system based on a second DLT. Furthermore, we provide a prototype implementation built upon an Ethereum private blockchain, InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and Sia and we evaluate its performance in terms of response time.
Nebivolol elicits a neuroprotective effect in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosis in mice: emphasis on M1/M2 polarization and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Naeem Antoinette G. , El-Naga Reem N. , Michel Haidy E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and Aim
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative inflammatory disease affecting mainly young adults. Microgliosis-derived neuroinflammation represents a key hallmark in MS pathology and progression. Nebivolol (Neb) demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in several brain pathologies. This study was conducted to investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of Neb in the cuprizone (Cup) model of MS.

Methods
C57Bl/6 mice were fed 0.2% Cup mixed into rodent chow for 5 weeks. Neb (5 and 10 mg/kg/day) was administered by oral gavage during the last 2 weeks.

Results
Neb prevented Cup-induced weight loss and motor deficits as evidenced by increased latency to fall in the rotarod test and enhanced locomotor activity as compared to Cup-intoxicated mice. Neb reversed Cup-induced demyelination as confirmed by Luxol fast blue staining and myelin basic protein western blotting. Administration of Neb modulated microglial activation status by suppressing M1 markers (Iba-1, CD86, iNOS, NO and TNF-α) and increasing M2 markers (Arg-1 and IL-10) as compared to Cup-fed mice. Furthermore, Neb hindered NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-18 inflammatory cascade and alleviated oxidative stress by reducing lipid peroxidation, as well as increasing catalase and superoxide dismutase activities.

Conclusion
These findings suggest the potential neuroprotective effect of Neb in the Cup-induced model of MS in mice, at least partially by virtue of shifting microglia towards M2 phenotype, mitigation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and alleviation of oxidative stress.