bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skeletal muscle metastases of the trunk and pelvis: focus on ultrasound, CT findings, and clinical manifestations
Authors: Cha So Yeon , Kim Hyun Su , Lee Ji Hyun , Yoon Young Cheol 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To describe the ultrasound, CT findings, and clinical manifestations of pathologically confirmed skeletal muscle metastases involving trunk and pelvis. Methods: 71 patients with 71 skeletal muscle metastases of the trunk and pelvis, pathologically proven by ultrasound-guided biopsy, were included in the study, and ultrasound findings were reviewed. CT findings were reviewed for 60 patients who underwent post-contrast CT obtained prior to biopsy, which included skeletal muscle metastases. Medical records, including the type of primary malignancy, presence of coexisting distant metastasis, and method of detection that led to referral for biopsy, were reviewed. Results: Most skeletal muscle metastases were hypoechoic (98.6%) with well-defined margins (85.9%), round-to-oval (47.9%), or lobulated (42.2%) with intralesional vascularity (64.8%). Typical CT findings included abscess-like lesions with rim enhancement (53.3%) or round-to-oval lesions with homogeneous enhancement (40.0%). The most common primary malignancy was lung cancer (49.3%), followed by gastrointestinal cancer (7.0%). Distant metastases other than muscle metastases were found in 84.5% of patients, and coexisting skeletal muscle metastases were found in 47.9%. CT was the most common detection method for metastases (57.8%), being more common than positron emission tomography-CT (22.5%). Conclusion: The current study describes the typical imaging findings of skeletal muscle metastases of the trunk and pelvis in patients with advanced cancer. CT may play an important role in the early detection of skeletal muscle metastases, and our results may aid radiologists in their diagnosis. Advances in knowledge: 1. Skeletal muscle metastases of the trunk and pelvis demonstrate typical imaging findings on ultrasound and CT. 2. CT may aid in the early detection of skeletal muscle metastases, which are among the rarest, and our results may aid radiologists in their diagnosis.
Perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 among community members of low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gachabayov Mahir , Sharun Khan , Felsenreich Daniel M. , Nainu Firzan , Anwar Samsul , Yufika Amanda , Ophinni Youdiil , Yamada Chika , Fahriani Marhami , Husnah Milda , Raad Rawan , Khiri Namareg ME. , Abdalla Rashed YA. , Adam Rashed Y. , Ismaeil Mohajer IH. , Ismail Asma Y. , Kacem Wajdi , Teyeb Zeineb , Aloui Khaoula , Hafsi Montacer , Ferjani Manel , Dahman Nasrine Ben Hadj , Deeb Dalia A. , Emad Dina , Abbas Kirellos Said , Monib Fatma A. , Sami Farah S. , Ramanarayanan Subramaniam , Panchawagh Suhrud , Anandu Sunil , Haque Md Ariful , Ferreto Lirane ED. , Briones María FC. , Morales Rocío BI. , Lazcano-Díaz Sebastián , Aburto José TO. , Rojas Jorge ET. , Balogun Emmanuel O. , Kusuma Hendrix I. , Yeni Cut Meurah , Utami Niken Asri , Enitan Seyi S. , Yomi Akele R. , Durosinmi Abiodun , Adejumo Esther N. , Ezigbo Eyiuche D. , Babadi Elham , Kakemam Edris , Ullah Irfan , Malik Najma I. , Rosiello Francesco , Emran Talha B. , Imelda Eva , Wendt Guilherme W. , Arab-Zozani Morteza , Dhama Kuldeep , Mudatsir Mudatsir , Harapan Harapan 
Published: September 2022

Background: Risk perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are considered important as they impact community health behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 and to assess the factors associated with such risk perceptions among community members in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and South America. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 LMICs in Africa, Asia, and South America from February to May 2021. A questionnaire was utilized to assess the perceived risk of infection and death from COVID-19 and its plausible determinants. A logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with such risk perceptions. Results: A total of 1,646 responses were included in the analysis of the perceived risk of becoming infected and dying from COVID-19. Our data suggested that 36.4% of participants had a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, while only 22.4% had a perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Being a woman, working in healthcare-related sectors, contracting pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, as well as seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV were all associated with a higher perceived risk of becoming infected with COVID-19. In addition, being a woman, elderly, having heart disease and pulmonary disease, knowing people in the immediate social environment who are or have been infected with COVID-19, and seeing or reading about individuals infected with COVID-19 on social media or TV had a higher perceived risk of dying from COVID-19. Conclusions: The perceived risk of infection and death due to COVID-19 are relatively low among respondents; this suggests the need to conduct health campaigns to disseminate knowledge and information on the ongoing pandemic.
Corneal endothelial morphology of healthy myopic Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity aged 8-9 years and its association with axial length
Authors: Norhani Mohidin , Low Yu Chen , Bariah Mohd-Ali , Mizhanim Mohamad Shahimin , Norlaili Arif 
Published: September 2022

Background: This is a cross-sectional study to further understand the effects of axial length elongation on the corneal endothelial cell’s morphology in myopic children. Abnormal changes in the morphology of corneal endothelium are indicators of corneal stress or instability which could be linked to myopia. Methods: 111 school children comprising of 37 emmetropes, 37 mild myopes and 37 moderate myopes aged 8-9 years old were recruited. Visual acuity was measured using the LogMar chart, cycloplegic refraction was determined using an open-field autorefractor (Grand Seiko WAM-5100, Hiroshima, Japan) and refined using subjective refraction. Morphology of corneal endothelial cells [endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonality and central corneal thickness] was evaluated using a non-contact specular microscope (Topcon SP-2000P). Axial length was measured with A-scan ultrasound biometry (PacScan Plus, Sonomed Escalon, NY). The correlation between morphology of corneal endothelial cells and axial length were assessed using Pearson Correlation and Linear regression analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in corneal endothelial cells and axial length between gender (p>0.05). Significant reduction in endothelial cells density and hexagonality and increased coefficient of variation was found in eyes of higher myopic power which had longer axial when compared to emmetropes (p<0.001). Except for central corneal thickness, all corneal endothelial cells parameters correlated significantly with axial length (p<0.05). For every 1mm increase in axial length, endothelial cells density decreased by 73.27cells/mm2, hexagonality decreased by 2.32% and coefficient of variation increased by 1.75%. Conclusions: There were significant changes in morphology of cornea endothelial cells in young moderate myopic children of Chinese ethnicity at 8-9 years of age. This result provides normative data for Malaysian children of Chinese ethnicity that can be used for comparison and reference for clinical procedures, thereby facilitating decision-making with respect to interventions for myopia control, especially in prescribing contact lens for children.
Association of Leptin and Leptin receptor Gene polymorphisms with Insulin resistance in pregnant women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Adiga Usha , Banawalikar Nandit , Rai Tirthal 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine hormone that regulates insulin sensitivity and lipid profile, which may contribute to complications like gestational diabetes.The goal of the study was to examine if there was a link between the leptin (LEP)/leptin receptor (LEPR) gene polymorphism and insulin resistance in pregnant women, and to determine the extent to which the leptin gene polymorphism could cause insulin resistance.. Methods: 208 pregnant women participated in this cross-sectional study of which 74 were insulin resistant cases and 134 were insulin sensitive controls. The study was carried out from December 2018 to December 2020 at a charitable hospital in Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Genotyping of leptin and its receptor gene were carried out using the Polymerase Chain Reaction- Restriction fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Serum levels of leptin, insulin, and C peptide were assayed using Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) and lipid profile by automated chemistry analyzer. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 23. Results: Insignificant association was observed between leptin receptor gene polymorphisms and insulin resistance, and leptin gene and insulin resistant women. There was no significant difference in the serum leptin levels among the cases and control (61.62±29.23 and 59.88±22.25). However, fasting blood sugar, insulin, C peptide, Triglycerides (TG), and very low-density Lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were significantly higher in cases as compared to controls (p=0.0068, p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and 0.01 respectively). Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA IR) was greater in subjects with homozygous dominant, 'GG' of LEPR (p=0.0409) and hyperinsulinemia (p=0.023) as compared to other genotypes. However, hyperglycaemia was observed in subjects with homozygous dominant, ‘AA’ of leptin gene (p=0.0173). Conclusion: No significant association was found between leptin and leptin receptor gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance in pregnancy. However, genotyping of these genes may be useful in predicting insulin resistance and gestational diabetes in pregnancy.
Case Report: Extensive digital gangrene as a primary manifestation of late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Boussaid Soumaya , Ben Majdouba Marouene , Rekik Sonia , Jemmali Samia , Zouaoui Khaoula , Rahmouni Safa , Sahli Hela , Elleuch Mohamed 
Published: September 2022

Background: Digital gangrene is a rare but serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It occurs usually in middle-aged patients with longer disease duration. Case: Herein we report the case of a 56-year-old man (with no history suggestive of Raynaud’s phenomenon, diabetes mellitus, smoking, trauma, infection, or chemical exposure), who presented with SLE and digital gangrene was among the first signs. He presented with a one-month history of joint pain, hair loss, photosensitivity, mouth ulcers, malar rash, dyspnea, and digital pain. Physical examination revealed painful and diffuse erythematous skin lesions in the extremities and back, as well as cyanosis in the fingers. We noted lymphocytopenia (600 cells/mm3), and an elevated C-reactive protein (15.1 mg/l) on laboratory tests. Immunological tests were positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) with Title 1:400. Pulmonary computed tomography revealed pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary function tests revealed the restrictive pulmonary disease. Diagnosis of SLE with lung involvement was retained. The immunological assessment in search of elements in favor of a vascular origin of the patient's skin lesions was negative. Treatment was initiated with 200 mg/day hydroxychloroquine. For dermal and pulmonary involvement, intravenous (IV) pulse therapy was used with methylprednisolone (1,000 mg/d for three consecutive days monthly) and cyclophosphamide (1 g/month). Calcium blocking agents were also prescribed. However, the lesions did not improve. The patient was given two infusions of rituximab (1 g) at a 14-day interval with a marked improvement of the majority of vasculitis lesions, and a partial improvement of dyspnea. Conclusions: Digital gangrene is a rare complication of late-onset SLE, especially as a primary manifestation.
Depression among pet owners and non-pet owners: a comparative cross-sectional study in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Chakma Samar Kishor , Islam Taswib Tajwar , Shahjalal Md. , Mitra Dipak Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Background: Depression is a major contributor to overall global disease burden, often beginning in the teenage years and continuing into later life. Previous studies have reported high global rates of depression during these formative years, including in Bangladesh. At the same time, the positive impact that pet ownership can have on depression is steeply being recognized. However, studies examining these effects in Bangladesh are scarce. This study examined the association between household pet ownership and depression among people older than 13 years in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using online and offline approaches. We employed a snowball sampling technique to identify pet owners aged greater than 13 years residing in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Both web-based survey questionnaires using social media and hard copies were used to collect data from urban-dwelling pet owners. Logistic regression model was used to identify the independent role of pet ownership in depression, adjusting for confounders, including age, sex, marital status, known chronic disabilities, and other variables. Results: A total of 140 pet owners and an equal number of non-pet owners participated in the study. Pet owners were found to be 41% less depressed than non-pet owners (AOR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.31–1.14). In addition, males (AOR: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.50–7.62) who were either unmarried (AOR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.05–4.16), smoked tobacco (AOR: 5.27; 95% CI: 1.50–18.53), or had a physical disability (AOR: 5.27; 95% CI: 1.50–18.53) were significantly more likely to be depressed. Conclusion: Regression analysis revealed that in Dhaka, pet owners were associated with lower levels of depression compared to non-pet owners.
Fair and Consistent Prize Allocation in Competitions
Authors: Dietzenbacher Bas J. , Kondratev Aleksei Y. 
Published: September 2022

Given the ranking of competitors, how should the prize endowment be allocated? This paper introduces and axiomatically studies the prize allocation problem. We focus on consistent prize allocation rules satisfying elementary solidarity and fairness principles. In particular, we derive several families of rules satisfying anonymity, order preservation, and endowment monotonicity, which all fall between the equal division rule and the winner-takes-all rule. Our results may help organizers to select the most suitable prize allocation rule for rank-order competitions. This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: A. Y. Kondratev is supported by HSE University [Basic Research Program and “Priority 2030” Program].
The Way People Lie in Markets: Detectable vs. Deniable Lies
Authors: Tergiman Chloe , Villeval Marie Claire 
Published: September 2022

In a finitely repeated game with asymmetric information, we experimentally study how individuals adapt the nature of their lies when settings allow for reputation building. Although some lies can be detected ex post by the uninformed party, others remain deniable. We find that traditional market mechanisms, such as reputation, generate strong changes in the way people lie and lead to strategies in which individuals can maintain plausible deniability; people simply hide their lies better by substituting deniable lies for detectable lies. Our results highlight the limitations of reputation to root out fraud when a deniable lie strategy is available. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: Financial support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-14-CE28-0010-01] and from IDEXLYON at Universite de Lyon (project INDEPTH) within the Programme Investissements d’Avenir of the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-16-IDEX-0005] is acknowledged. This research also benefited from the support of the Laboratory of Excellence CORTEX of the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-11-LABX-0042] of Universite de Lyon within the program Investissements Avenir operated by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche [Grant ANR-11-IDEX-007]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4526 .
Examining Differences in Community Participation in Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Brown Sierra L. , Pearl Amanda M. , Brusilovskiy Eugene , Murray Michael J. , Townley Greg , Edwards Erin , Salzer Mark S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) demonstrate low levels of community participation, though no studies have examined the perceived value and satisfaction when assessing community participation among young adults with ASD. Using the Temple University Community Participation measure, young adults with and without ASD were compared on the frequency, perceived importance, and satisfaction of community participation. Adults with ASD participated less frequently in participation areas and identified fewer important participation areas. Importantly, no differences were reported in satisfaction with participation between the two groups despite adults with ASD participating less frequently in the community. Results suggest a need for further exploration of predictors of poor community participation in adults with ASD, as well as effective interventions targeting community participation in this population.
Employers' Perspectives on Individuals With IDD in Community Integrated Employment Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Athamanah Lindsay S. , White Keeley , Sung Connie , Fisher Marisa H. , Leader Geraldine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience high rates of unemployment and underemployment. Although research often focuses on job training and preparing people with IDD for work, few address the perspectives of the employers toward the employment of people with IDD. In this scoping review, research on the perspectives of employers of individuals with IDD working in community integrated employment settings were identified and evaluated. Findings revealed varying research trends by country and journal type since the 1960s, such as the finding that &lt;50% of employers have prior experience working/hiring individuals with IDD and that studies have been conducted globally using primarily a quantitative/descriptive methodology and informal nonvalidated survey tools. Limitations and implications for future research are provided.
The impact of a brief mindfulness training on interoception: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lima-Araujo Geissy Lainny de , de Sousa Júnior Geovan Menezes , Mendes Thatiane , Demarzo Marcelo , Farb Norman , Barros de Araujo Draulio , Sousa Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de 
Published: September 2022

Interoception is a collection of different representations of signals originating within the body. The way of perceiving these signals seems to be related to both emotion regulation and dysregulation, and its dysfunction is implicated across a variety of affective disorders. There is a growing body of research investigating the relationship between mindfulness meditation practices and interoception showing an increase in interoceptive processes with regular training. In this study, we assessed the effects of a three-day mindfulness training on interoceptive accuracy and sensibility in a young healthy adult sample. Moreover, we also performed a mediation analysis on interoceptive sensibility and anxiety. Healthy participants (n = 40) naive to mindfulness practices were randomized to a brief mindfulness training (MT) (n = 20, females = 10) or to an active control group (n = 20, females = 10). Participants were assessed before and after the 3-days intervention for both groups on measures of interoception and anxiety in a modified intention-to-treat approach. The brief mindfulness training group increased interoceptive sensibility while active control had no effects on this variable. Five out of eight subdomains of interoceptive sensibility were significantly improved after mindfulness training. There was no significant difference in interoceptive accuracy after training. The effect of a brief mindfulness training on interoceptive sensibility mediated changes in the anxiety state. To date, this is the first study showing a plausible mechanism of a brief mindfulness training to explain the anxiolytic effects of meditation practices.
Trial registration: RBR-7b8yh8, March 28th 2017 http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-7b8yh8/.
Konektivitas Mangrove dan Terumbu Karang Berdasarkan Komunitas Ikan Karang (Studi Kasus: Raja Ampat dan Maluku Tenggara)
Authors: Ain Rahmayani Kurnia , Pribadi Rudhi , Ulumuddin Yaya Ihya 
Published: September 2022

Ikan karang selama hidupnya dapat mendiami satu habitat saja atau melakukan migrasi ke ekosistem di sekitarnya. Faktor tersebut membuat terjadinya interaksi antara ikan karang dengan ekosistem mangrove dan terumbu karang. Pendekatan bentang laut (seascape ecology) masih belum banyak dilakukan mengingat pendekatan ini penting untuk mengetahui kelimpahan ikan yang berada di sekitar area terumbu karang, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman dalam pengelolaan kawasan pesisir. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur bentang laut (seascape), interaksinya dengan ikan karang, dan menilai tingkat konektivitas dari keduanya di Raja Ampat dan Maluku Tenggara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pengolahan dan analisis data spasial dan statistika menggunakan software QGIS 3.14 dan RStudio versi 2.0.4. Hasil penelitian dari analisis data statistika menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi diperoleh bahwa kelimpahan Ikan Lutjanidae pada Pulau Kei Kecil, Maluku Tenggara memiliki konektivitas dengan nilai regresi tertinggi yang dijelaskan oleh metrik Distance to Mangrove (DistM) dengan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,88; R2 0,7777; dan nilai AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) 18,01. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah matriks Distance to Mangrove (DistM) menjadi matriks yang memiliki hubungan erat dengan Ikan Lutjanidae yang dapat mempengaruhi kelimpahan Ikan Lutjanidae di lokasi penelitian. Reef fish, during their lifetime, can inhabit only one habitat or migrate to the surrounding ecosystem. These factors make the interaction between reef fish with mangrove ecosystems and coral reefs. However, the seascape ecology approach is still not widely used, considering that it is important to determine the abundance of fish around coral reef areas, so that it can be used as a guideline in the management of coastal areas. Therefore, this study aims to determine the structure of the seascape, its interaction with reef fish, and assess the level of connectivity of both in Raja Ampat and Southeast Maluku. The research method used is the processing and analysis of spatial and statistical data using software QGIS 3.14 and RStudio 2.0.4. The results of statistical data analysis using correlation and regression analysis showed that the abundance of Lutjanidae on Kei Kecil Island, Southeast Maluku had connectivity with the highest regression value described by the Distance to Mangrove (DistM) metric and has a correlation coefficient value of -0.88; R2 0.7777; and the AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) score of 18,01112. Based on the results of the study, the conclusion obtained is that the Distance to Mangrove (DistM) metric is a metric that has a close relationship with Lutjanidae fish which can affect the abundance of Lutjanidae fish in the research location.