bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐cost outdoor spectral irradiances determination and its application on Concentrator Photovoltaic module power rating and energy yield calculation
Authors: Steiner Marc , Martínez Juan F. , Mathur Paresh , Sarkar Subrata , Siefer Gerald 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, a method to calculate the aerosol content in the atmosphere and the prevailing spectral irradiance of the sunlight is introduced. This method does not aim for low measurement uncertainty but for cost effectiveness and does not require sophisticated equipment. The bases of the method are the clear sky direct normal irradiance (DNI) and a look‐up table calculated with the software tool SMARTS2. The ratio of clear sky DNI to the prevailing DNI in combination with the look‐up table allows the determination of aerosol optical depth (AOD), spectral matching ratios (SMR), and spectral irradiances. Besides the prevailing DNI, the following ambient condition parameters are required: Air pressure, relative humidity, and ambient temperature. This means a weather station and a pyrheliometer are sufficient for the determination of the prevailing spectral irradiance. Obviously, this method cannot guarantee the same accuracy as conventional spectral irradiance measurement methods (e.g., using a spectroradiometer). However, in this work, we demonstrate the potential of this new method as a fall‐back strategy for missing spectral irradiance data. This method is worth using when (C)PV module power output data needs to be evaluated in dependence of the composition of the spectral irradiance, but no regular spectral irradiance data are available. In this paper, the AOD and SMR values determined with the introduced method are compared to measurement data with common measurement devices demonstrating a satisfying agreement. The spectral irradiances calculated with this method are successfully tested for using as the basis for energy yield calculations and for the determination of the CPV module power output at Concentrator Standard Conditions according to IEC 62670‐1.
The effect of different cold atmospheric plasma sources and treatment modalities on the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in water
Authors: Armenise Vincenza , Veronico Valeria , Cosmai Savino , Benedetti Danilo , Gristina Roberto , Favia Pietro , Fracassi Francesco , Sardella Eloisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) can be generated in liquids by different cold plasma processes. These species can influence cell biology and pathological states, and trigger wound healing, disinfection, and cancer treatments. The optimization of plasma sources' configurations and experimental conditions is fundamental to dose‐produced RONS in liquids. This research is a case study comparing RONS generation (H2O2 and NO2−) in water, after exposure to two different atmospheric pressure cold dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma sources: a plasma jet‐DBD and a planar‐DBD operating in contact with the liquid and in remote, respectively. The data demonstrate that the reactor geometry and the treatment modality strongly impact the generation of the active species in water.
A breakthrough effect of gene replacement therapy on respiratory outcomes in children with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: AlNaimi Amal , Hamad Sara G. , Mohamed Reem B. A. , Ben‐Omran Tawfeg , Ibrahim Khalid , Osman Mahmoud F. El‐Said , Abu‐Hasan Mutasim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited progressive neuromuscular disorder characterized by generalized hypotonia, respiratory failure and early death. The introduction of gene replacement therapy (GRT) modified the natural history of the disease. However, more data is needed to understand the long‐term effect of GRT on measurable respiratory outcomes. We report the respiratory outcomes in our cohort of patients with SMA post‐GRT in 2‐year period.MethodsA retrospective chart‐review of genetically confirmed children with SMA who received GRT between 2019 and 2021 in Qatar. The evaluated respiratory outcomes were chronic respiratory support, respiratory hospitalizations, escalation of respiratory support and polysomnography results before and after GRT. Nonrespiratory outcomes; nutritional status, swallowing, and motor functions; were also assessed.ResultsA total of 11 patients (9 patients with SMA‐1 and 2 patients with SMA‐2) received GRT at a median age of 12 months and 22 months in patients with SMA‐1 and SMA‐2, respectively. All patients were successfully weaned off Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) except one patient who remained on mechanical ventilation through tracheostomy tube. The annualized hospitalization rate dropped by half after GRT. The average length of stay (LOS) in intensive care unit (ICU) decreased by 17.32 days/patient/year after GRT. Duration of required escalation of respiratory support during acute hospitalizations has dropped by 18.56 days/patient/year post‐GRT.ConclusionWe report favorable respiratory outcomes of GRT in our cohort. GRT resulted in discontinuation of chronic respiratory support in majority of ventilated patients. GRT also resulted in decreased respiratory hospitalization rate, hospital‐LOS, ICU‐LOS, and need for escalation of ventilatory support.
Fast and straightforward simultaneous quantification of multiple apolipoproteins in human serum on a high‐throughput LC‐MS/MS platform
Authors: Kim Hyojin , Yang Won Suk , An Dongheui , Lee Sang‐Guk , Baek Je‐Hyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeApolipoprotein monitoring is useful for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, as they are risk factors of arteriosclerosis and other neutral fat‐related diseases. Liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) is advantageous for simultaneous apolipoprotein quantification, differentiation, and standardization including their isoforms. However, fast and straightforward sample preparation that retains quantification accuracy remains challenging in clinical MS.Experimental DesignWe developed a simultaneous assay for serum apolipoprotein A‐I (ApoA‐I), apolipoprotein B100 family, and apolipoprotein C‐III (ApoC‐III) using a high‐throughput LC‐MS/MS platform coupled with a BRAVO system. The assay was simplified by using sodium deoxycholate and trypsin/lys‐C without reduction and alkylation steps.ResultsSimple sample preparation reduced turnaround time by 1.5 h and neat goat serum was chosen as an optimal calibration matrix for accurate protein quantification. Assay precision, linearity, correlation, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), and carryover were validated according to CLSI guidelines over 41 days using more than 100 human serum samples. Good correlation compared with turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) was observed by Deming regression for all analytes.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceA high‐throughput LC‐MS/MS and BRAVO assay for simultaneous apolipoprotein analysis was validated using a simple preparation method with a human serum calibrator in goat serum matrix. The assay is readily expandable to include other target serum proteins and/or their isoforms.
Regulatory utility of physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling to support alternative bioequivalence approaches and risk assessment: A workshop summary report
Authors: Wu Fang , Mousa Youssef , Raines Kimberly , Bode Chris , Tsang Yu Chung , Cristofoletti Rodrigo , Zhang Hongling , Heimbach Tycho , Fang Lanyan , Kesisoglou Filippos , Mitra Amitava , Polli James , Kim Myong‐Jin , Fan Jianghong , Zolnik Banu S. , Sun Duxin , Zhang Yi , Zhao Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis report summarizes the proceedings for day 2 sessions 1 and 3 of the 2‐day public workshop entitled “Regulatory Utility of Mechanistic Modeling to Support Alternative Bioequivalence Approaches,” a jointly sponsored workshop by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Center for Research on Complex Generics (CRCG). The aims of this workshop were: (1) to discuss how mechanistic modeling, including physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and simulation, can support product development, and regulatory submissions; (2) to share the current state of mechanistic modeling for bioequivalence (BE) assessment through case studies; (3) to establish a consensus on best practices for using PBPK modeling for BE assessment to help drive further investment by the generic drug industry into mechanistic modeling and simulation; and (4) to introduce the concept of a Model Master File to improve model‐sharing. The theme of day 2 covered PBPK absorption model for oral products as an alternative BE approach and a tool for supporting risk assessment and biowaiver (session 1), oral PBPK for evaluating the impact of food on BE (session 2), successful cases, and challenges for oral PBPK (session 3). This report summarizes the topics of the presentations of day 2 sessions 1 and session 3 from FDA, academia, and pharmaceutical industry, including the current status of oral PBPK, case examples as well as the challenges and opportunities in this area. In addition, panel discussions on the utility of oral PBPK in both new drugs and generic drugs from regulatory and industry perspective are also summarized.
Exploring a cobot risk assessment approach combining FMEA and PRAT
Authors: Murino Teresa , Nardo Mario Di , Pollastro Daniele , Berx Nicole , Francia Angela Di , Decré Wilm , Philips Johan , Pintelon Liliane 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCollaborative robots are an emerging technology falling within the scope of Industry 4.0 and based on the concept of Human‐Robot Collaboration (HRC). Unlike traditional industrial robots, collaborative robots are used in shared workspaces with no safety fences. Hence, prospective hazardous contacts need to be avoided or mitigated through a risk assessment. The normative standards such as ISO TS 15066 suggest a list of common hazards, but do not guide the robot system user through the risk assessment process. To address this shortcoming, this paper proposes a practical eight steps risk assessment approach, resulting in a risk priority list. In order to provide an accurate, practical, quantitative and supportive tool for HRC environments, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and the Proportional Risk Assessment technique (PRAT) techniques are proposed for risk assessment. The two techniques mentioned above are combined in the suggested new methodology, highlighting both their benefits and disadvantages. The proposed methodology is applied with positive results to a collaborative brick‐lifter case study.
Large lung mass lesion with spontaneous regression in a patient with IgG4‐related lung disease
Authors: Iwasaki Kazuhiko , Araya Tomoyuki , Kita Toshiyuki , Sakai Tamami 
Published: December 2022

Key messageIgG4‐related lung disease (IgG4‐RLD) may present with a variety of radiological findings, but large lung mass lesion are rare. Although steroid therapy is strongly recommended for IgG4‐RLD with or without symptoms, respirologists should be aware that some patients may not need steroid therapy.
Long future frame prediction using optical flow‐informed deep neural networks for enhancement of robotic teleoperation in high latency environments
Authors: Moniruzzaman M. D. , Rassau Alexander , Chai Douglas , Islam Syed Mohammed Shamsul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHigh latency in teleoperation has a significant negative impact on operator performance. While deep learning has revolutionized many domains recently, it has not previously been applied to teleoperation enhancement. We propose a novel approach to predict video frames deep into the future using neural networks informed by synthetically generated optical flow information. This can be employed in teleoperated robotic systems that rely on video feeds for operator situational awareness. We have used the image‐to‐image translation technique as a basis for the prediction of future frames. The Pix2Pix conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) has been selected as a base network. Optical flow components reflecting real‐time control inputs are added to the standard RGB channels of the input image. We have experimented with three data sets of 20,000 input images each that were generated using our custom‐designed teleoperation simulator with a 500‐ms delay added between the input and target frames. Structural Similarity Index Measures (SSIMs) of 0.60 and Multi‐SSIMs of 0.68 were achieved when training the cGAN with three‐channel RGB image data. With the five‐channel input data (incorporating optical flow) these values improved to 0.67 and 0.74, respectively. Applying Fleiss' κ gave a score of 0.40 for three‐channel RGB data, and 0.55 for five‐channel optical flow‐added data. We are confident the predicted synthetic frames are of sufficient quality and reliability to be presented to teleoperators as a video feed that will enhance teleoperation. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to attempt to reduce the impacts of latency through future frame prediction using deep neural networks.
NIR‐II Self‐Luminous Molecular Probe for In Vivo Inflammation Tracking and Cancer PDT Effect Self‐Evaluating
Authors: Yuan Meng , Fang Xiao , Liu Jianyong , Yang Kaiqiong , Xiao Shenggan , Yang Sheng , Du Wei , Song Jibin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOptical imaging in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 900–1700 nm) window has been extensively investigated for bioimaging. However, a strong autofluorescence background from real‐time excitation light significantly reduces the images’ quality of NIR‐II fluorescence (FL) imaging. To resolve this issue, a NIR‐II self‐luminous small molecule (CLPD) based on bioluminescence (BL) resonance energy transfer (BRET) mechanism is first developed. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) can trigger NIR‐II BL and reduce the NIR‐II FL signals of the CLPD simultaneously, enabling ROS‐correlated ratiometric BL/FL imaging. CLPD is used for high‐contrast NIR‐II BL imaging of osteoarthritis as well as guiding the treatment process by ratiometric BL/FL imaging. Moreover, CLPD is applied for NIR‐II BL imaging of tumor triggered by the generated ROS during PDT. A correlation between the ratiometric NIR‐II BL/FL signal and tumor size is constructed, providing a trustworthy tool for early assessment of PDT effect. Overall, this study presents a novel NIR‐II self‐luminous small molecular probe for in vivo imaging and provides a strategy for design a self‐evaluation system of therapeutic effect.
Large‐scale experiments on concrete hinges under general loading
Authors: Markić Tomislav , Kaufmann Walter 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe structural behavior of concrete hinges under general loading is far from being properly understood, which is to a large extent due to the lack of pertinent experimental data. This paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap by presenting and discussing the results of an experimental campaign on one‐way Freyssinet concrete hinges. Seven large‐scale concrete hinges were tested in the Large Universal Shell Element Tester, which allowed the investigation of their behavior under general loading by all six stress resultants. A combination of digital image correlation and distributed fiber optic measurements allowed a deeper insight into the structural behavior of the specimens. The tested hinges could sustain very high axial stresses exceeding 4.5 times the uniaxial concrete compressive strength, large rotations of over 60 mrad, and shear stresses in transverse and longitudinal directions up to 2.24 times the axial compressive stress. The resistance to bending moments about the strong axis and torques also proved to be significant. A moderate amount of reinforcement crossing the hinge throat considerably increased the shear resistance at low axial stresses and produced a ductile shear behavior.
Owner perspectives on the impact of veterinary surgeons upon their decision making in the management of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
Authors: Pergande Amy E. , Belshaw Zoe , Volk Holger A. , Packer Rowena M. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIdiopathic epilepsy is a prevalent canine condition that can be challenging to manage. A positive vet–owner relationship contributes to satisfaction and compliance, but its impact on management is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate owner perspectives about the impact of veterinary surgeons on decision making and management.MethodsQualitative methods were utilised, and semi‐structured interviews were completed with 21 owners of dogs with epilepsy who lived in England. Transcripts were thematically analysed, and this study discusses the theme ‘influences of the veterinary surgeon’.ResultsMany owners felt that more precise expectations could have improved interactions with their veterinary surgeon(s), and their experiences of caring for their dog. Most owners referred to a specialist reported a positive experience, often due to specialists being perceived to have greater experience or knowledge. Owners who reported predominantly negative experiences were often less trusting of the veterinary profession, and more likely to perform self‐directed research.LimitationsThese results represent the experiences of a small subset of owners, and larger scale studies are required to support these findings.ConclusionOwners appear to value the formation of partnerships of care with their veterinary surgeon, and greater availability of educational resources could further improve owner satisfaction.
To improve existing marsh bird survey protocols, we need to evaluate closure assumptions
Authors: Fournier Auriel M. V. , Bradshaw Therin M. , Hagy Heath M. , Shirkey Brendan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOur collective understanding of secretive marsh birds has increased in the past decades due to the development and implementation of the North American Standardized Marsh Bird Monitoring Protocol (hereafter, Protocol). The Protocol proposes call broadcast surveys to increase vocalization and detection rates within 3 standardized survey periods aimed at surveying peak breeding activity for a suite of secretive marsh birds. We noted a trend in the literature linking occupancy modeling with the survey design from the Protocol, despite some evidence that vocalizations decline across survey periods, which could indicate lack of population closure. An underlying assumption of occupancy modeling is closure, and the Protocol was designed to focus on only birds which will remain in an area throughout the breeding season and not migrants that may only be present in the first survey period. Including migrating marsh birds, especially if a large percentage of marsh bird detections are migrants, can bias occupancy estimates and lead to erroneous density and population size estimates that may affect conclusions about habitat resource and bird associations. We urge researchers and managers to carefully consider the analytical and field techniques when designing studies for marsh birds and to not simply pair the biweekly survey design within the Protocol with occupancy modeling and ignore closure assumptions, turnover rates, and potential differences in resource use by migrating and breeding marsh birds. Specifically, we suggest that researchers consider short survey interval times (e.g., ~2 days rather than 2 weeks) or continuous call monitoring using automated recorded devices deployed for 1–2 weeks per survey location when using occupancy analysis on secretive marsh birds. We also call for future study of turnover rates, stopover duration, and vocalization rates during migration and breeding periods to better inform study designs and increase the appropriateness of statistical analysis.
External Voting Patterns: CEE Migrants in Western Europe
Authors: Szulecki Kacper , Erdal Marta Bivand , Stanley Ben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter compares external voting of CEE diasporas in Western Europe with voting patterns observed in those diasporas’ respective countries of origin. It focuses on electoral turnout, overall variation in support for parties, and variation in support for parties with respect to key ideological dimensions and issues. Using quantitative data on all parliamentary and presidential elections held in Bulgaria, Czechia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, and Poland, it analyzes the aggregate patterns of divergence and convergence between diaspora and origin-country electorates from the last pre-EU-accession election onward. The analysis shows that diaspora voters are less likely to turn out in elections, but that those who do vote make choices which are legible with respect to origin-country political dynamics and relatively consistent over time, with no evidence of divergence or convergence. The chapter concludes by identifying three important issues to be investigated at the individual level: the impact of election laws and infrastructure on propensity to participate in elections, the relative importance of migration experiences and socio-demographic factors in determining diaspora vote choices, and the impact of host-country society and politics on the behavior of diaspora voters.
Conclusions
Authors: Szulecki Kacper , Erdal Marta Bivand , Stanley Ben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter takes stock of the evidence gathered in the empirical sections and summarizes the main findings. We discuss the differences between diaspora voting and homeland results, the ideological differences, as well as the question of low turnout and its determinants. We then move to the broader problem of legitimacy and normative consideration of external voting. Building on the interviews presented in Chap. 4, we also ask how external voting plays into the broader mechanism of political remittances and whether migrants necessarily desire to be agents of political change in their homelands. We conclude with an overview of the areas for future research, presenting both the empirical knowledge needs and normative questions to be tackled.
Remarks on q-Monotone Functions and the Bernstein polynomials
Authors: Abel Ulrich , Leviatan Dany , Raşa Ioan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe show that certain inequalities involving differences of the Bernstein basis polynomials and values of a function $$f\in C[0,1]$$

f
∈
C
[
0
,
1
]

, which is twice differentiable in [0, 1], imply that the function is q-monotone. This provides a partial answer to an open problem of the authors in a recent paper.
Schleichender demografischer Wandel und neurologische Rehabilitation – Teil 1: Situationsbeschreibung
Authors: Knecht Stefan , Reiners Harmut , Siebler Mario , Platz Thomas , Flöel Agnes , Busse Reinhard 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den nächsten zwei Jahrzehnten werden in Deutschland die Babyboomer aus dem Erwerbsleben ausscheiden. Erwerbsarbeit muss dann von der zahlenschwachen „Pillenknick“-Generation geleistet werden. Mehr ältere Personen in der Gesellschaft bedeuten trotz und teilweise wegen verbesserter medizinischer Möglichkeiten eine höhere Belastung durch Gesundheits- und Pflegeversorgung, die finanziert und personell getragen werden muss. Um mit weniger Erwerbstätigen mehr Bedürftige zu versorgen, muss das Gesundheitssystem umgebaut werden. Weil allerdings die Entwicklungen schleichend verlaufen, ist das Problembewusstsein vielerorts noch gering. Hier fokussieren wir auf den Bereich in unserem Gesundheitssystem, welcher mit am stärksten wächst und zusätzlich den größten Personalbedarf pro Betroffenem hat: die Versorgung schwerkranker und selbsthilfeeingeschränkter Menschen. Das Nebeneinander von Krankenhaus, Rehabilitationsklinik und Pflegeinstitution ist historisch bedingt und unzureichend koordiniert. Es fördert die Tendenz, selbsthilfeeingeschränkte Patient*innen in Pflegeeinrichtungen ohne Chance auf Wiederbefähigung zu entlassen, statt sie zu rehabilitieren. Mit dem weiteren demografischen Wandel droht sich diese Tendenz zu verstärken. Hier versuchen wir in einem ersten von zwei Teilen eine Beschreibung der aktuellen Situation.