bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P695 Attitudes and predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zhang E , Gupta A , Macrae F A , Christensen B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Vaccination has proven to be an effective public health measure to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, vaccine “hesitancy” has limited uptake in some populations. We surveyed individuals with IBD to explore factors associated with vaccine uptake, concerns, and which sources of information were considered trustworthy surrounding vaccination.

Methods
Patients with IBD were recruited from a specialist IBD clinic at a tertiary hospital in Australia, and through a national IBD patient society (Crohn’s & Colitis Australia). Patients were invited to complete an anonymous survey between 31 October – 17 November 2021. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with vaccine uptake. Data was analysed using SPSS (Chicago, IL).

Results
There were a total of 441 respondents. Demographic and IBD characteristics are presented in Table 1. Most respondents 411 (93.2%) had received at least 1 dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Among 30 (6.8%) respondents who had not been vaccinated, concern about experiencing an IBD flare with vaccination and vaccine safety were most commonly identified. Of those who had not yet been vaccinated, the possibility of getting vaccinated in the future was likely in 3 (10.7%), unlikely in 12 (42.8%), whilst 13 (45.4%) were unsure about future vaccination. Multivariate analysis [Table 2] demonstrated past influenza vaccination (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.34–8.9, p = 0.009) and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 infection due to IBD was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 5.25, 95% CI 1.96–14.04, p &lt;0.001). Most agreed that that vaccination in general was safe 306 (90.1%). The perceived risk of COVID-19 vaccination causing an IBD flare, and concern that vaccination is unsafe in pregnancy were both negatively associated with vaccine uptake (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10–0.77, p = 0.01 and OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08–0.65, p = 0.006) respectively. Trust in healthcare workers was high with 282 (73.7%) responders ranking them the most trusted source to obtain information surrounding vaccination [Figure 1]. Social media was ranked the least trusted source of information by 225 (58.6%).

Conclusion
Past influenza vaccination and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 due to IBD, were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in IBD patients. Concerns about an IBD flare with vaccination is a unique consideration in those vaccine hesitant and is a negative predictor of vaccine uptake. Among those not yet vaccinated, 45% were uncertain about future vaccination. Given healthcare providers were ranked the most trusted source surrounding this domain, this survey highlights the key role they have in exploring vaccination concerns and misconceptions in IBD patients
P714 Comparison of intestinal microbiota profiles of faecal samples, rectal swabs and mucosal biopsies in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. A multicentre, observational study
Authors: Van Rossen T , van den Hoek K , Budding A , van Bodegraven A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Since the gut microbiota is altered in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), microbiome-based biomarkers may be useful for diagnosing and monitoring of IBD. Currently, endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis and monitoring disease activity, which can be a high burden for patients. This study aimed to compare intestinal microbiota profiles between three different sampling

methods
faecal samples, rectal swabs and colonic mucosal biopsies. This could provide more insight into the microbiota composition in different sample types and might contribute to the development of a less invasive biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring IBD.

Methods
Patients with IBD (Crohn’s Disease or Ulcerative Colitis) who were scheduled for endoscopy were asked to participate. Prior to bowel preparation, a fecal sample and rectal swab were collected. During colonoscopy, mucosal biopsies were derived 20 cm ab ano. Microbiota composition was analyzed by IS-pro, a PCR technique based on species-specific differences in the 16S-23S interspace region of the bacterial ribosomal DNA. Microbiota profiles of the three different sample types were compared within the same patient (for each patient: fecal sample vs. mucosal biopsy, fecal sample vs. rectal swab, rectal swab vs. mucosal biopsy), and between different patients (for each patient: fecal sample of one patient vs. mucosal biopsies of all patients, fecal sample of one patient vs. rectal swabs of all patients, etcetera).

Results
A total of 200 patients were included. For each patient, similarity of microbiota composition between two sample types was assessed by calculating the Pearson’s correlation (expressed as R2). R2 values of all patients were combined in boxplots. We found a significantly higher correlation between the microbiota profiles of different sample types within the same patient, than between microbiota profiles of different sample types of different patients (median R2 0.27–0.33 and 0.02–0.03 respectively, Figure 1). However, correlation between different sample types from the same patient was still relatively low. The highest correlation was found between microbiota profiles of faecal samples and rectal swabs (median R2 0.33, ICR 0.17–0.54). On phylum level, the highest correlation was found in the Bacteroidetes phylum (Figure 2). For a global analysis of all versus all samples, we generated a clustered heat map, which confirmed the previous finding that microbiota profiles from faecal samples and rectal swabs were most similar to each other.

Conclusion
Microbiota composition in different sample types from the same patient were more similar to each other than to profiles from different patients. Microbiota profiles of faecal samples and rectal swabs were most identical.
P717 Faecal Microbiota Transplant in Ulcerative Colitis (FMTUC) – A randomised clinical trial feasibility study
Authors: Jitsumura M , Cunningham A , Hitchings M D , Wilkinson T , Kinross J , Row P , Davies A , Dean Anthony H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may be responsible for the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Restoration of gut microbiota diversity by means of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is of increasing interest as a therapeutic option in the management of UC. The aims of this phase II feasibility study are to estimate the magnitude of treatment response to FMT in treatment-naïve patients with newly diagnosed UC, evaluate donor and patient recruitment rates and determine optimal study conditions for phase III study (ISRCTN 58082603).

Methods
Treatment-naïve patients with histologically confirmed UC below the sigmoid were recruited. Subjects were randomised to three arms; single FMT enema, five daily enemas and control. All groups received antibiotic for 10 days and bowel preparation 48 hours before the interventions. They were followed up for 12 weeks with quality of life (QOL) scores (IBDex, CUCQ-32) and 16S RNA study on faecal samples. Endoscopic (Mayo score) and histological assessments were performed at the baseline and week 12. The primary endpoints were endoscopic remission of UC and rate of persistent microbial engraftment at 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints included QoL and mucosal cytokine profiling with IL-10. Clinical remission was defined as Mayo score ≤ 2 with an endoscopic Mayo score of 0.

Results
Eighteen UC patients were recruited between July 2016 and February 2020 until the COVID-19 pandemic, of those five achieved Clinical remission. One subject from the control group withdrew at week 4 due to worsening symptoms. 72% improved Mayo and QOL scores, and 44% avoided medical treatment. Clinical remission was more observed among subjects with lower baseline QoL and mild-moderate disease, although this did not reach statistical significance (P=0.173). No correlation between FMT dose, frequency and clinical remission were observed. The 16S evaluation of the faecal samples demonstrated successful engraftment of FMT and showed a similar faecal microbiota profile amongst the intervention groups, which was markedly different from the control group. Coprococcus was found to be much more abundant amongst subjects who responded to the FMT intervention. This study also suggested an inverse correlation between IL-10 and the severity of UC.

Conclusion
FMT intervention protocols were well adhered and achieved 94% completion rate, though the recruitment period was much longer than the original plan due to unforeseen interruptions. Yet, this feasibility study demonstrated potential for employing this method for a larger multicentre RCT to further evaluate FMT dose and frequency effects. The correlation between IL-10 and IL-10 producing microorganisms should be sought in the future study.
N18 Introduction of inflammatory bowel disease specialized dietitian and nutritional status in a multidisciplinary IBD team
Authors: Hoekx S , Vanderstappen J , Wellens J , Verstockt B , Marc F , Vermeire S , Guedelha Sabino J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Qualitative inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care is marked by a multidisciplinary approach including physicians, nurses, psychologists and dietitians. Specialist IBD dietitians can address the specific needs of patients with IBD, with an emphasis on nutritional status, disease activity, and functional symptoms. We wanted to obtain a snapshot of the IBD population referred to the dietitian at our IBD clinic.

Methods
Since February 2021, two specialist IBD dietitians were hired at the multidisciplinary IBD-team of our tertiary referral centre. Data from all IBD patients seen by the IBD-dietitians were prospectively collected. Patients with IBD were referred to the IBD dietitians for dietary advice concerning optimization of nutritional status, modulation of diet-induced abdominal symptoms, and IBD-related problems (e.g. high output stoma, obstruction, enteral or parenteral nutrition). Malnutrition as reason for referral was defined as an abnormal body mass index (BMI &lt;18.5 or &gt;25 kg/m²).

Results
From 1 February 2021 until 16 November 2021, 219 IBD patients (58.4% women, median age 38 years, 127 Crohn’s disease, 92 ulcerative colitis) were seen by the IBD-dietitians. Patient characteristics are described in table 1. A total of 303 contacts were registered, including 82% in-hospital consultations (16% in-patient clinic, 66% outpatient clinic) and 18% remote consultations (via telephone or email). The median BMI at first consultation was 23.49 kg/m2. In this cohort, 46.6% of IBD patients had a normal BMI, 37% were obese or overweight, and 13.2% has underweight. Males had a significantly higher BMI than females (BMI 24.5 vs 22.5 kg/m2, p-value 0.048). The main reasons for referral were IBD-related symptoms or disease activity (46.6%), malnutrition (26%), functional symptoms (16.4%), and patient’s interest in receiving more information on diet (9%). Of note, none of the patients were being treated with enteral nutrition at time of referral, and only 5 patients were being treated with parenteral nutrition. Most patients received dietary advice (92%) and only 1 patient was started with enteral nutrition.

Conclusion
The introduction of IBD-dietitians in our multidisciplinary IBD care program has allowed IBD-patients with or without malnutrition, to be assessed by a specialist IBD dietitian who can provide appropriate dietary advice. Of note was that despite an already expert IBD center with a multidisciplinary team in place, the prevalence of malnutrition in this selected IBD cohort was very high. Nevertheless, IBD disease activity and IBD-related symptoms were the main reason for referral to the IBD-dietitian, reflecting the need for tailored nutritional advice complementary to medical or surgical treatment.
Adaptive Diversification in the Cellular Circadian Behavior of Arabidopsis Leaf- and Root-Derived Cells
Authors: Nakamura Shunji , Oyama Tokitaka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The plant circadian system is based on self-sustained cellular oscillations and is utilized to adapt to daily and seasonal environmental changes. The cellular circadian clocks in the above- and belowground plant organs are subjected to diverse local environments. Individual cellular clocks are affected by other cells/tissues in plants, and the intrinsic circadian properties of individual cells remain to be elucidated. In this study, we monitored bioluminescence circadian rhythms of individual protoplast-derived cells from leaves and roots of a CCA1::LUC Arabidopsis transgenic plant. We analyzed the circadian properties of the leaf- and root-derived cells and demonstrated that the cells with no physical contact with other cells harbor a genuine circadian clock with ∼24-h periodicity, entrainability and temperature compensation of the period. The stability of rhythm was dependent on the cell density. High cell density resulted in an improved circadian rhythm of leaf-derived cells while this effect was observed irrespective of the phase relation between cellular rhythms. Quantitative and statistical analyses for individual cellular bioluminescence rhythms revealed a difference in amplitude and precision of light/dark entrainment between the leaf- and root-derived cells. Circadian systems in the leaves and roots are diversified to adapt to their local environments at the cellular level.
Digitalization and beyond: the effects of Covid-19 on post-pandemic educational policy and delivery in Europe
Authors: Zancajo Adrián , Verger Antoni , Bolea Pedro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEducation has been extremely affected by the coronavirus disease crisis, with almost all countries temporarily closing their schools in 2020. After the first stage of the pandemic, in which national governments focused on guaranteeing the academic year’s continuity, key international organizations emphasized the need to adopt structural policy reforms to face the challenges posed by the crisis. Based on international and European countries’ policy documents, this paper analyzes long-term responses articulated in the education sector. The analysis has allowed us to identify three preponderant areas of response: the digitalization of the educational system, educational inequalities, and teachers’ development. The agendas and policy instruments that international organizations have so far pushed for in relation to each of these areas do not differ substantially from the agendas and instruments they promoted in the pre-pandemic era. It is still early to assess the deepness of the transformations in course, but in most cases, prevailing responses represent the intensification of change processes initiated before the pandemic. Nonetheless, the type and intensity of country responses vary among the European Union member states. Although the pandemic represents a common thread, countries have experienced the crisis differently according to the characteristics of their educational systems and the main problems the crisis has revealed.
Collagen X Longitudinal Fracture Biomarker Suggests Staged Fixation in Tibial Plateau Fractures Delays Rate of Endochondral Repair
Authors: Working Zachary M. , Peterson Danielle , Lawson Michelle , O'Hara Kelsey , Coghlan Ryan , Provencher Matthew T. , Friess Darin M. , Johnstone Brian , Miclau Theodore , Bahney Chelsea S. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:To use a novel, validated bioassay to monitor serum concentrations of a breakdown product of collagen X in a prospective longitudinal study of patients sustaining isolated tibial plateau fractures. Collagen X is the hallmark extracellular matrix protein present during conversion of soft, cartilaginous callus to bone during endochondral repair. Previous preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated a distinct peak in collagen X biomarker (CXM) bioassay levels after long bone fractures.Setting:Level 1 academic trauma facility.Patients/Participants:Thirty-six patients; isolated tibial plateau fractures.Intervention:(3) Closed treatment, ex-fix (temporizing/definitive), and open reduction internal fixation.Main Outcome Measurements:Collagen X serum biomarker levels (CXM bioassay).Results:Twenty-two men and 14 women (average age: 46.3 y; 22.6–73.4, SD 13.3) enrolled (16 unicondylar and 20 bicondylar fractures). Twenty-five patients (72.2%) were treated operatively, including 12 (33.3%) provisionally or definitively treated by ex-fix. No difference was found in peak CXM values between sexes or age. Patients demonstrated peak expression near 1000 pg/mL (average: male—986.5 pg/mL, SD 369; female—953.2 pg/mL, SD 576). There was no difference in peak CXM by treatment protocol, external fixator use, or fracture severity (Schatzker). Patients treated with external fixation (P= 0.05) or staged open reduction internal fixation (P= 0.046) critically demonstrated delayed peaks.Conclusions:Pilot analysis demonstrates a strong CXM peak after fractures commensurate with previous preclinical and clinical studies, which was delayed with staged fixation. This may represent the consequence of delayed construct loading. Further validation requires larger cohorts and long-term follow-up. Collagen X may provide an opportunity to support prospective interventional studies testing novel orthobiologics or fixation techniques.Level of Evidence:Level II, prospective clinical observational study.
Which Surgical Approach Provides Maximum Visualization and Access for Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Femoral Head Fractures?
Authors: Singh Keerat , Weitlich John D. , Zitsch Bradford P. , Schweser Kyle M. , Cook James L. , Crist Brett D. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
Femoral head fracture open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) requires adequate surgical access and visualization. The purpose of this study was to objectively characterize femoral head access associated with commonly used surgical approaches. Our hypothesis was that a surgical hip dislocation (SHD) provides the greatest visualization and access to the femoral head.

Methods:
Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric whole-pelvis specimens (n = 20 hips) were used to compare 4 surgical approaches to the femoral head (n = 5 hips per approach): SHD, Smith-Petersen (with and without rectus release), and Hueter. After surgical exposure, standardized and calibrated digital images were captured and analyzed to determine the percent-area visualized. Three independent investigators assessed each specimen to determine surgical visualization and access to the following femoral head anatomic quadrants: anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, and posterolateral. Data were analyzed for significant (P < 0.05) differences using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher exact tests.

Results:
The Hueter approach provided the lowest calculated % visualization. For surgeon visualization, SHD demonstrated a significantly (P < 0.001) higher proportion of visualized anatomic landmarks compared with all other approaches. SHD provided significantly (P < 0.049) more access to the femoral head quadrants compared with all other approaches. The Hueter approach had significantly (P = 0.004) lower surgeon access compared with the Smith-Petersen with release.

Conclusions:
SHD provided superior visualization and access to clinically relevant femoral head anatomy compared with the Smith-Petersen with or without rectus release and Hueter approaches.
A Novel Operative Approach to the Treatment of Posterior Malleolus Fractures
Authors: Fahey Eoin J. , Russell Shane P. , Ni Fhoghlu Cliodhna , Curran Niamh , Bayer Thomas , McKenna Johnny 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Posterior malleolar fractures are a common subtype of ankle fractures. The management of these fractures remains controversial, though there has been a move toward more operative management in recent years. The operative approach most commonly used to treat these fractures is posterolateral. This method has several drawbacks including the amount of retraction required on already traumatized skin, the risk of damaging the posterior interosseous tibio-fibular ligament, and the difficulty visualizing both the distal fibular and posterior malleolar fractures. We describe a novel operative approach for visualizing and treating these fractures and report on our results.

Method:
This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data. Data from 2 orthopedic trauma units where this technique is used was analyzed. Demographic and radiographic data was recorded, and a chart review was conducted to identify any noted complications.

Results:
On analysis of medical records, 50 patients were identified who had been operated on using this technique. When classified using the Bartonicek classification, 46% were type II, 36% were type III and 18% were type IV. Analysis of final x-rays showed that there was no incidence of implant failure or loss of reduction in this cohort. There were 2 complications recorded: 1 early wound dehiscence and 1 late infection giving an overall complication rate of 4%.

Discussion:
The technique described in this paper is a novel approach, which we feel offers several benefits. We demonstrated that this technique is safe with an incidence of early complications lower than figures commonly quoted for standard care of this cohort of patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series