bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the atherogenic index of plasma and major adverse cardiovascular events among non-diabetic hypertensive elderly patients
Authors: Hang Fei , Chen Jieruo , Wang Zefeng , Zheng Keyang , Wu Yongquan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The literature on the association between the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among non-diabetic hypertensive elderly patients is quite limited at present. Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of data obtained from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and explored the predictive value of AIP on the risk of MACEs among non-diabetic hypertensive elderly patients, to evaluate whether the benefit of intensive blood pressure control in preventing MACEs is stable in different AIP subgroups. Results: 9,323 participants with AIP were included in this analysis, and 561(6.02%) participants had composite cardiovascular outcomes during a median of 3.22 years of follow-up. The subjects in the highest quartile of AIP had a significantly increased risk of the primary outcome. In the fully adjusted Model 3, the adjusted HRs of the primary outcome for participants in Q2, Q3, and Q4 of AIP were 1.32 (1.02, 1.72), 1.38 (1.05, 1.81), and 1.56 (1.17, 2.08) respectively. Consistently, the trend test for the association between AIP quartiles and the primary outcome showed that a higher AIP quartile was associated with a significantly higher risk of the primary outcome (adjusted HR (95%CI) in Model 3: 1.14 (1.04, 1.25), P=0,004). However, within each AIP quartile, absolute event rates were lower for the intensive treatment group. No evidence was found for the interaction of intensive blood pressure control and AIP for the risk of the primary outcome (P for interaction = 0.932).Conclusion: This study found that elevated AIP is independently and positively associated with the risk of MACEs among non-diabetic elderly hypertensive patients. The benefit of intensive blood pressure control in managing cardiovascular events was consistent in different AIP subgroups.
Evaluation of a Modified Coagulation and Clipping Method To Prevent Postoperative Bleeding After Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Terasaki Kei , Okuda Kotaro , Sakai Kyoko , Shirono Takao , Amioka Shohei , Nonaka Takahiro , Miura Takahiro , Iwai Naoto , Fujino Seiji , Oya Hirohisa , Katayama Takayuki , Miyawaki Kiichirou , Okuda Takashi , Matsumoto Junko , Mitsumoto Yasuhide , Mizuno Chiemi , Mizuno Masayuki , Mitsufuji Shoji , Shima Toshihide , Itoh Yoshito , Okanoue Takeshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Postoperative bleeding is one of the most frequent adverse events in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Post-ESD coagulation (PEC) is widely performed to prevent postoperative bleeding; nonetheless, the postoperative bleeding rate after gastric ESD remains 3.1 - 5.5%. This study aimed to compare postoperative bleeding rates between patients receiving conventional treatment and those receiving the modified coagulation and clipping (MCC) treatment. Overall, 481 patients were treated between April 2007 and July 2020. The PEC method was perfomed from April 2007 to June 2010, whereas the MCC method was performed from July 2010 to July 2020. Clinicopathological characteristics were retrospectively compared between patients who underwent these two methods using univariate analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Of the 481 included patients, 160 and 321 underwent PEC and MCC, respectively. Nine patients (5.6%) in the PEC group developed postoperative bleeding, whereas no patient (0.0%) in the MCC group developed postoperative bleeding. The univariate analysis and PSM analysis showed that the MCC method was significantly associated with the prevention of postoperative bleeding. In conclusion, the postoperative bleeding rate is lower with the MCC method than with the conventional method. The MCC method may be beneficial in preventing postoperative bleeding.
Promoter Motif And Conserved Module Analysis In DNA And RNA Using Almodules
Authors: Aydinli Muharrem , Liang Chunguang , Dandekar Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Identification of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) elucidates regulation and control of transcription and gene expression. Overprediction of TFBS due to the high abundance of the small binding motifs is a notorious problem. For this comparative evaluation of TFBS is important.The tool AIModules presented in this paper presents an integrated solution for TFBS analysis as Web service and downloadable software. It works for other DNA and RNA motifs as well. Several sequences (DNA and RNA) are searched for TFBSs using predefined matrices from the JASPAR DB or by using own matrices for DNA or RNA motif discovery. Furthermore, AIModules can find TFBS common to two or more sequences. Demanding high or low conservation AIModules outperforms other solutions in speed and finds more modules (specific combinations of TFBS) than alternatives. The web application searches also RNA motifs (e.g. polyadenylation motif) as well as other DNA motifs (e.g. enhancers, silencers) and motif combinations. The application is free and open source to be used on-site or locally. These functionalities allow a number of biological applications, in particular analysis of promoters, including conserved modules and shared TFBSs in conserved gene families, presence of modules, motifs or regulatory elements in mRNA.
Artistic Gymnastics as a Semiotic Construct: The Case of the Chinese National Team at the Olympic Games
Authors: Wang Jiya , Yao Dawei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
China is one of the most dynamically developing countries that experienced rapid and tumultuous modernization in the second half of the XX century. This modernization consisted of the sports organization improvement and appropriate target-setting in Olympic sports. Sport is the most important sphere of international communication, and gymnastics pertains to the expression of semiotic units by the movement itself. The purpose of this research is to study a semiotic construct embracing the victories, behavior patterns, and organization of the Chinese gymnastics team at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, where China demonstrated its highest achievements in gymnastics. Another reason for selecting these Olympic Games is that semiotically significant elements of the athlete behavior differ from other contexts and Olympics. Consequently, the latter feature facilitates the segregation of these elements through phenomenological research.
Giant Adrenal Myelolipoma and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chen Stephanie Yi-Tsi , Justo Monica AR , Ojukwu Kenechukwu , Russo Ashley , Balzer Bonnie L , Silberman Allan W , Gangi Alexandra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Adrenal myelolipomas (AMs) are rare, benign tumors without endocrine activity comprised of mature adipose and hematopoietic tissue. Surgical excision may be required for lesions which have associated symptoms, those that are growing, or have features concerning for malignancy. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is often associated with adrenal masses such as AM. The majority of literature regarding AMs consists of case reports and case series with few describing giant AMs in the context of CAH. Case Report: We present the case of a 50-year-old woman with CAH and surgical history relevant for left adrenalectomy who presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) imaging led to a diagnosis of diverticulitis which was treated non-operatively. Their scan also revealed a 20x13x23-cm right retroperitoneal mass causing mass effect on the duodenum, pancreas, right kidney, and inferior vena cava. CT-guided biopsy demonstrated adrenal and adipose tissue with hematolymphoid aggregates possibly representing myelolipoma but unable to rule out malignancy. Due to concern for retroperitoneal liposarcoma, the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy, resection of >40-cm right retroperitoneal mass, right nephrectomy, right adrenalectomy, and cholecystectomy. Final pathology demonstrated a myelolipoma with intra-tumoral ossification and hemorrhage as well as diffuse cortical hyperplasia with lymphoid aggregates. Due to acquired complete adrenal insufficiency, the patient required stress-dose steroids and steroid taper post-operatively.Conclusion: Key points from this report include the occurrence of a giant AM in the context of CAH and special considerations in the diagnosis and operative approach of a giant retroperitoneal mass.
Self-employment and health inequality of migrant workers
Authors: Wen xin , Zhou deshui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: This research aims to discuss the impact of self-employment on health inequality of migrant workers, and explore the mechanism and group differences of the influence of self-employment on health inequality in Chinese migrant workers.Background: Self-employment is one of the main types of employment for migrant workers in China, it is important to promote self-employment of migrant workers for Chinese employment-first policy. However, self-employment will affect the life and behavior of migrant workers, as well as health inequality of them.Method: This research uses the data from the 2018 China Migrant Workers Dynamic Monitoring Survey, and examines the impact of self-employment on health inequality of migrant workers by using RIF-I-OLS decomposition method.Results: We find that self-employment will reduce the health inequality of Chinese migrant workers significantly, especially among migrant workers with low education, low income groups and low social integration. Further analysis shows that self-employment can directly promote the self-rated health of migrant workers. Moreover, it indirectly alleviates the health inequality of migrant workers by mediating effect of improving public welfare accessibility such as health records and health education.Conclusion: It is necessary to allow and support migrant workers to engage in self-employment activities, the government should provide public services such as health education, health records and health rights for migrant workers, focus on the employment of migrant workers in city, especially those with low income and low education. Therefore, we believe that measures should be taken to enhance the sense of belonging of migrant workers in city, and promote migrant workers to truly achieve “urbanization of people”. In this manner, reducing the health inequality of migrant workers.
Pneumonia and COVID-19 Classification in Chest X-rays Using Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNN)
Authors: Farhat Hanan J , Sakr Georges E. , Kilany Rima , Smayra Tarek , Mallak Iyad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chest X-rays have been a subject of deep learning applications on medical images forthe high expectations of their evidence in assessing pulmonary diseases. Whereas thearising of COVID-19 or 2019 novel coronavirus in December 2019 have prioritizedresearch on pulmonary diseases diagnosis and prognosis, especially using artificialintelligence (AI) and Deep Learning (DL). For this sake, we extend the work ondetecting pneumonia using Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks(Faster R-CNN) by applying Faster R-CNN to the detection of Pneumonia and COVID-19 in Chest X-ray images using several datasets involving COVID-19 images. Differentcombinations of training scenarios in addition to internal and external testing atdifferent objectiveness thresholds, epochs counts, and lengths yielded variant results.Our results comply with the state of the art of Faster-RCNN in pneumonia detection butdo not show promising results in COVID-19 detection as a standalone model. Futurework may emphasize introducing segmentation to the model pipeline, adding asecondary classification stage, and even engaging other medical data to improve theperformance and constitute a robust Faster R-CNN-based prediction model.
Complete Genome Sequence of Aconitum Amalgavirus 1, a Distinct Member of the Genus Amalgavirus
Authors: Li Fan , Yang Jie , Lan Ping-Xiu , Li Jin-Ming , Chen Xiao-Jiao , Tan Guan-Lin , Wei Tai-Yun , Li Ru-Hui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A novel virus named Aconitum amalgavirus 1 (AcoAV-1) was identified from Chinese aconite (Aconitum carmichaelii) plants with viral disease symptoms. The genome of this monopartite dsRNA virus is 3,370 nucleotides long, which containing two partially overlapping open reading frames encoding a putative coat protein and RNA dependent RNA polymerase, respectively. AcoAV-1 shares 34.9-50.7% amino acid sequence identities to other amalgaviruses. Phylogenetic analyses group AcoAV-1 with blueberry latent virus and other related viruses in a clade, suggesting that it belongs to the genus Amalgavirus in the family Amalgaviridae.
The ratio of CD8+ lymphocytes to tumor-infiltrating suppressive FOXP3+ effector regulatory T cells is associated with treatment response in invasive breast cancer
Authors: Kadoya Takayuki , Goda Noriko , Sasada Shinsuke , Shigematsu Hideo , Masumoto Norio , Arihiro Koji , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi , Sakaguchi Shimon , Okada Morihito 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: FOXP3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are prototypical immunosuppressive TILs in breast cancer. However, the FOXP3+ TIL subset of effector regulatory T cells (eTregs) cannot be detected with conventional immunohistochemical staining. Therefore, we evaluate the immunosuppressive potential of eTregs and the role of immunostimulatory CD8+ TILs in invasive breast cancer.Methods: Fresh TILs were extracted from 84 patients with breast cancer and divided into CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by flow cytometry. Tregs were further classified into eTregs (CD4+FOXP3highCD45RA−), other FOXP3+ Treg subsets (naïve and non-Tregs), and total CD8+CD4- TILs.). The association between TILs subpopulation, clinicopathological characteristics, and the response to chemotherapy was evaluated.Results: The median eTreg proportion among total CD4+ TILs was 18.7% (interquartile range [IQR], 16.4–25.5%), whereas this proportion for CD8+TILs was 124% (IQR, 87.5–140%). The proportion of eTregs to total FOXP3+ TILs varied widely among patients (median, 65.6%; range, 10.1–93.2%). In an immunosuppression assay with Treg subsets, only eTregs displayed potent immunosuppression. Among the patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the pathological complete response(pCR) rate was significantly higher among individuals with a high CD8+/eTreg ratio (90.2% vs. 33.3%). TILs predominance and CD8/eTreg ratio were independent predictive factors for pCR to chemotherapy (P = 0.043 and P = 0.034, respectively). Conclusions: The CD8+/eTreg ratio is a simple, optimal indicator of cancer immunity, and a high CD8+/eTreg ratio may enhance the prognosis and treatment response of patients with invasive breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to validate the present findings.
Factor XII silencing using siRNA prevents thrombus formation in a rat model of extracorporeal life support
Authors: Umei Nao , Shin Suji , Lai Angela , Miller Jennifer , Roberts Kalliope , Strelkova Daria , Chaudhary Namit , Ichiba Shingo , Sakamoto Atsuhiro , Whitehead Kathryn , Cook Keith 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Heparin anticoagulation increases the bleeding risk during extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and thus must be limited and monitored carefully. This study determined whether factor XII (FXII) silencing using short interfering RNA (siRNA) can provide ECLS circuit anticoagulation, maintain normal tissue coagulation, and reduce the need for careful anticoagulation monitoring.Methods: Adult male, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to four groups (n = 3 each) based on anticoagulant: (1) no anticoagulant, (2) heparin, (3) FXII siRNA, or (4) non-targeting siRNA. In group 1, no anticoagulant was administered. In group 2, heparin was administered intravenously before and during ECLS at an activated clotting time of 180–250 seconds. In groups 3 and 4, siRNA was administered intravenously three days before the initiation of ECLS via lipidoid nanoparticles. The rats were placed on pumped, arteriovenous ECLS with a small 3D-printed mock-oxygenator, and blood flow was maintained at 2 mL/min for eight hours or until the blood flow resistance reached three times its baseline resistance.Results: A single dose of 3 mg/kg siRNA led to a reduction of plasma FXII to 26% ± 3% (mean +/- standard error) of baseline levels three days after treatment. Without anticoagulant, mock-oxygenator resistance tripled within 7 ± 2 minutes. The resistance in the heparin group was significantly (p < 0.05) elevated in the first hour of the experiment before returning to a lower, normal value for the rest of the experiment. The resistance in the FXII siRNA group did not change significantly with time (p = 0.94). There were no significant differences in resistance or mock-oxygenator thrombus volume between the FXII siRNA and the heparin groups (p > 0.99). However, the bleeding time in the FXII siRNA group (3.4 ± 0.6 minutes) was significantly shorter than that in the heparin group (5.5 ± 0.5 minutes, p < 0.05).Conclusions: FXII silencing using siRNA provided simpler anticoagulation of ECLS circuits with reduced bleeding risk as compared to heparin.
Infectious viral load in unvaccinated and vaccinated patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 WT, Delta and Omicron
Authors: Meyer Benjamin , Puhach Olha , Adea Kenneth , Hulo Nicolas , Sattonnet Pascale , Genecand Camille , Iten Anne , Bausch Frédérique Jacquérioz , Kaiser Laurent , Vetter Pauline , Eckerle Isabella 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Viral load (VL) is one determinant of secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Emergence of variants of concerns (VOC) Alpha and Delta was ascribed, at least partly, to higher VL. Furthermore, with parts of the population vaccinated, knowledge on VL in vaccine-breakthrough infections is crucial. As RNA VL is only a weak proxy for infectiousness, studies on infectious virus presence by cell culture isolation are of importance.
We assessed nasopharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients for quantitative infectious viral titres (IVT) by focus-forming assay and compared to overall virus isolation success and RNA genome copies. We assessed IVTs during the first 5 symptomatic days in a total of 440 patients: unvaccinated individuals infected with pre-VOC SARS-CoV-2 (n= 118) or Delta (n= 127) and vaccine-breakthrough infections with Delta (n= 133) or Omicron (n=62). Correlation between RNA copy number and IVT was low for all groups. No correlation between IVTs and age or sex was seen. We observed higher RNA genome copies in pre-VOC SARS-CoV-2 compared to Delta, but significantly higher IVTs in Delta infected individuals. Vaccinated Delta infected individuals had significantly lower RNA genome copies and IVTs compared to unvaccinated subjects and cleared virus faster. In addition, vaccinated individuals with Omicron infection had lower IVTs in comparison to Delta breakthrough infections.
Quantitative IVTs can give detailed insights into virus shedding kinetics. Vaccination was associated with lower infectious titres and faster clearance for Delta, showing that vaccination would also lower transmission risk. Omicron vaccine-breakthrough infections did not show elevated IVTs compared to Delta, suggesting that other mechanisms than increased VL contribute to the high infectiousness of Omicron.
Gargle and mouthwash can replace nasopharyngeal swab sampling when concentrated with a new method for diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Sancak Banu , Mutlu Esvet , Cirit Osman Sezer , Kocagöz Tanil , Can Özge , Çicek Candan , Sayiner Ayça Arzu , Appak Özgür , Uyar Neval Yurttutan , Külah Canan , Çiçek Aysegül Çopur , Özgümüs Osman Birol , Altintop Yasemin Ay , Saatçi Esma , Karsligil Tekin , Zer Yasemin , Özen Nevgün Sepin , Çekin Yesim , Karahan Zeynep Ceren , Evren Ebru , Karakoç Ayse Esra , Gülbahçe Sultan , Mutlu Derya , Bozdemir Tugba , Çayci Yeliz Tanriverdi , Çinar Canberk , Tasbakan Meltem , Mert Merve , Çinar Ece , Kutsoylu Oya Özlem Eren , Kocagöz Sesin , Ertürk Ayse , Çelik Ilhami , Mete Ayse Özlem , Eneyli Müge Günalp , Akdemir Irem , Karakök Taliha , Inan Dilara , Atilla Aynur 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diagnosis of COVID19 is based on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing of nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples. As NPS sampling is a discomforting invasive procedure, studies were conducted to investigate the performance of saliva and mouthwash (MW) samples in RT-PCR. There is limited data about MW samples. We have developed a new method for concentrating gargle and mouthwash (GMW) samples to be used in RT-PCR. In our study, we aimed to investigate the performance of concentration of GMW samples in detection of SARS-CoV-2. A paired sample of NPS and GMW samples were collected from patients in 11 centers in Turkey. MW samples were concentrated using MyMagiCon-RW100® (Bio-T, Istanbul, Turkey). NPS, GMW and concentrated GMW samples were tested by RT-PCR for the presence of SARS-CoV2 and the results were compared. The viral RNA was detected in 47.5% of NPS samples, in 28.8% of GMW before concentration and in 37.5% GMW samples after concentration. Concentration of samples increased the number of samples in which SARS-CoV2 RNA was detected by 16.6%. The RT-PCR of concentrated GMW samples yielded better results than the RT-PCR of NPS samples in two centers. Concentrated GMW sampling can be an alternative method to NPS sampling in rapid and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19.
Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) of Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis (SE) and identification of key gene modules to uncover SE-associated hub genes
Authors: de Silva Kithmee K. , Dunwell Jim M. , Wickramasuriya Anushka M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Somatic embryogenesis (SE), which occurs naturally in many plant species, serves as a model to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms of embryo patterning in plants. Decoding the regulatory landscape of SE is essential for its further application. Hence, the present study aimed to employ Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis (WGCNA) to construct a gene co-expression network (GCN) for Arabidopsis SE, and then identify highly correlated gene modules to uncover the hub genes associated with SE that may serve as potential molecular targets.
Results

A total of 17,059 genes with a variance greater than 0.25 quantile were filtered from microarray datasets derived from Arabidopsis SE (NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus accession number: GSE48915). This included 1,711 transcription factors and 445 EMBRYO DEFECTIVE genes. GCN analysis identified a total of 26 gene modules with the module size ranging from 35 to 3,418 genes using a dynamic cut tree algorithm. The module-trait analysis revealed that four, four, seven and four modules were associated with Stage I (zygotic embryos), Stage II (proliferating tissues at 7 days of induction), Stage III (proliferating tissues at 14 days of induction) and Stage IV (mature somatic embryos), respectively. Further, we identified a total of 260 hub genes based on the degree of intramodular connectivity. Validation of the hub genes using publicly available expression datasets demonstrated that at least 78 hub genes are potentially associated with embryogenesis; of these many genes remain functionally uncharacterized thus far. In silico promoter analysis of these genes revealed the presence of EBOXBNNAPA and SEF4MOTIFGM7S motifs; this suggests these genes may play important roles in plant embryo development.
Conclusion

The present study successfully applied WGCNA to construct a GCN for SE in Arabidopsis and identified hub genes involved in the development of somatic embryos. These hub genes could be used as molecular targets to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SE in plants.