bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolutionarily genetic dissection of flowering behavior in Asian wild and cultivated rice
Authors: Itoh Youki , Onishi Kazumitsu , Nagano Hironori , Sato Yoshikazu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFlowering behaviors (FBs) are important life‐history and agronomical traits, and their genetic architecture and evolution are of great interest to crop breeders. Flowering behavior simply indicates days to the first‐flowering time from germination (DFF) when considering only modern cultivars with small genetic variation, but flowering continuity as the result of asynchronous flowering can be relevant for the FB when an evolutionary variation is present. Evolutionary and genetic nature of asynchronous flowering has been unknown until now. Through daily observation, we recorded the first‐ and third‐flowering date of a plant, and then calculated DFF and days to the third‐flowering time from germination (DTF). Flowering asynchrony in a plant (FA) was defined as the equation, FA = DTF – DFF. Quantitative‐trait locus (QTL) analyses were performed on DFF, DTF, and FA in each of two‐density conditions in a paddy field by using 35 recombinant‐inbred lines derived from an interspecific cross between domesticated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and an annual form of its wild relatives (O. rufipogon Griff.). The present results suggest the following points: (a) FA could have a genetic component that is independent of flowering genes; (b) genetic nature of FA might be polygenic and the majority of the QTLs associated with FA behaved in a complex density‐dependent manner; and (c) FA might have been developed by feeding pressure of animals in their wild habitat.
Managing bermudagrass competition to overseeded alfalfa
Authors: Harling John F. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Rios Esteban F. , Dubeux Jose C. B. , Wallau Marcelo O. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOverseeding alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into existing bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon L. (Pers.)] swards may reduce N fertilizer inputs and improve seasonal distribution of forage. However, achieving successful alfalfa stands in mixture with bermudagrass is difficult because of competition from the grass. This experiment's objective was to assess strategies for managing bermudagrass competition to alfalfa during establishment and subsequent stand life. During 2020 and 2021, a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial was replicated five times in a randomized complete block design. The treatment factors included the glyphosate rate [N‐(phosphonomethyl) glycine], the initial bermudagrass stubble height (SH), and N fertilizer rates. Before planting alfalfa in November 2019, bermudagrass swards were treated with glyphosate at 0 or 890 ml ha–1 and clipped to a SH of 5 or 15 cm. During harvest seasons, N fertilizer was applied at 0 or 40 kg N ha–1 harvest–1. Glyphosate and SH had minimal effect on alfalfa establishment, forage accumulation (FA), and persistence. Application of N in 2020 increased mixture (34%) and bermudagrass (30%) FA over zero N, but alfalfa FA and proportion in mixture FA were not affected by N. In 2021, mixture FA was not affected by N, but alfalfa FA (5,030 vs. 2,380 kg ha–1) and proportion (63 vs. 25%) were greater for 0 than for the 40 kg N ha–1 rate. We conclude that N application increases first‐year alfalfa–bermudagrass mixture FA by increasing bermudagrass production, but it reduces second‐year alfalfa contribution, resulting in lesser alfalfa FA and mixture nutritive value and a shorter harvest season.
FOXO4 alleviates hippocampal neuronal damage in epileptic mice via the miR‐138‐5p/ROCK2 axis
Authors: Jin Xin , Liao Xingjuan , Wu Longfei , Huang Jianling , Li Zhimin , Li Yali , Guo Fan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEpilepsy (EP) is one of the most universal neurological disorders. This study investigated the mechanism of forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) on hippocampal neuronal damage in EP mice. Initially, the EP mouse model and the in vitro HT‐22 cell model were established. EP seizures and neuronal damage in mice were assessed. FOXO4, microRNA (miR)‐138‐5p, and rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) levels in hippocampal tissues or HT‐22 cells were examined. The cell viability and apoptosis of HT‐22 cells were determined. The concentrations of oxidative stress markers and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in hippocampal tissues or HT‐22 cells were detected. We found that FOXO4 was poorly expressed in EP. FOXO4 overexpression alleviated hippocampal neuronal damage in EP mice and improved HT‐22 cell viability and inhibited apoptosis, and decreased oxidative stress and inflammation in hippocampal tissue and HT‐22 cells. The bindings of miR‐138‐5p to FOXO4 and ROCK2 were analyzed, which showed that FOXO4 promoted miR‐138‐5p via binding to the miR‐138‐5p promoter region, and miR‐138‐5p inhibited ROCK2 expression. Joint experiments showed that miR‐138‐5p suppression or ROCK2 overexpression reversed the alleviation of FOXO4 overexpression on hippocampal neuronal damage. FOXO4 inhibited ROCK2 expression via promoting miR‐138‐5p expression, thus alleviating hippocampal neuronal damage in EP mice.
UV‐excited blue‐ to green‐emitting Tb3+‐activated sodium calcium metasilicate colour tunable phosphor for luminescence devices
Authors: Deepali  , Jayasimhadri Mula 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTb3+‐doped Na4Ca4Si6O18 (NCMS:Tb3+) phosphors were synthesized using a solid‐state reaction route with increasing dopant concentration. The phase identification studies for NCMS:Tb3+ phosphors were carried out using an X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The XRD patterns for the as‐synthesized phosphors showed satisfactory agreement with the standard pattern (JCPDS card no. 75‐1687) for the pure phase of the Na4Ca4Si6O18 compound. The morphology and size of particles were illustrated from scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs. The photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectrum of Tb3+‐doped Na4Ca4Si6O18 phosphor depicts the strong excitation peak obtained in the UV spectral region. The trivalent terbium‐activated NCMS phosphors excited in the UV region (232 nm wavelength) exhibited intense emission in the blue (350–470) and green (470–650) spectral regions. When increasing the concentration of Tb3+ ions in the host matrix, the emission colour shifted from the blue to the green region due to cross‐relaxation energy transfer (CRET) mechanisms and showed the tunable behaviour of the Tb3+‐activated as‐synthesized NCMS phosphor. These results demonstrated that the Tb3+‐activated sodium calcium metasilicate phosphor has immense potential to contribute as a green‐ and blue–green‐emitting component in lighting and display device applications.
Comparative photoluminescence study of nitrogen‐doped carbon dots co‐doped with boron and sulphur
Authors: Joseph Julin , Anappara Aji A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlthough different studies in carbon dots (CDs) have been reported based on heteroatom doping, most of them have focussed on the enhancement of fluorescence properties. Here we report a comparative study of both fluorescence and room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of nitrogen–sulphur‐doped CDs (N–S CDs) and nitrogen–boron‐doped CDs (N–B CDs) with N‐doped CDs (N CDs). The CDs used in the study were synthesized through microwave‐assisted pyrolysis. Among the doped CDs, sulphur‐doped CDs showed a high fluorescence quantum yield. Upon irradiation, the aqueous dispersion of the CDs demonstrated blue fluorescence. Furthermore, by incorporating the CDs in a potash alum matrix, blue fluorescence, as well as green phosphorescence was observed. The phosphorescence lifetime measurements indicated that the N–S CDs exhibited a longer emission lifetime and a red‐shifted emission in contrast with other samples, which might be attributed to the presence of a greater proportion of surface states on the N–S CDs.
Simultaneous quantification of caffeine and its main metabolites by gas chromatography mass spectrometry in horse urine
Authors: Göktaş Eylem Funda , Kabil Erol , Yatanaslan Levent , Güneş Ertuğrul , Dirikolu Levent 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCaffeine is a naturally occurring alkaloid and it is metabolized to paraxanthine, theophylline and theobromine. Analysis of caffeine and its metabolites is challenging since the metabolites theophylline and paraxanthine generate similar product and precursor ions. In this study, a new method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline in horse urine using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Urine samples were treated using solid‐phase extraction followed by the elution with dichloromethane–isopropanol (90:10) after the pH was adjusted to 6, and then derivatization with N‐methyl‐N‐trimethylsilyl‐trifluoroacetamide–1% trimethylchlorosilane before analysis with GC–MS. Sample preparation and derivatization steps were optimized and the method permitted elution all of these analytes within 13 min. The method was fully validated according to Commission Decision, 2002/657/EC guidelines. The calibration curves were linear with a correlation coefficient of >0.99. Precision and accuracy were well within the 15% acceptance range and the method was robust. The validation results demonstrated that the method is highly reproducible, easily applicable and selective. The method was applied to urine samples collected from racehorses to demonstrate its applicability.
Inositol monophosphatase 1 (IMPA1) promotes triple‐negative breast cancer progression through regulating mTOR pathway and EMT process
Authors: Yang Shao‐Ying , Xie Yi‐Fan , Zhang Tai‐Mei , Deng Ling , Liao Li , Hu Shu‐Yuan , Zhang Yin‐Ling , Zhang Fang‐Lin , Li Da‐Qiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, which is characterized by high heterogeneity and metabolic dysregulation. Inositol monophosphatase 1(IMPA1) is critical for the metabolism of inositol, which has profound effects on gene expression and other biological processes. Here, we report for the first time that IMPA1 was upregulated in TNBC cell lines and tissues, and enhanced cell colony formation and proliferation in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo. Additionally, IMPA1 promoted cell motility in vitro and metastatic lung colonization in vivo. Mechanistic investigations by transcriptome sequencing revealed that 4782 genes were differentially expressed between cells with IMPA1 knockdown and control cells. Among the differentially expressed genes after IMPA1 knockdown, five significantly altered genes were verified via qRT‐PCR assays. Morerover, we found that the expression profile of those five targets as a gene set was significantly associated with IMPA1 status in TNBC cells. As this gene set was associated with mTOR pathway and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, we further confirmed that IMPA1 induced mTOR activity and EMT process, which at least in part contributed to IMPA1‐induced TNBC progression. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unrecognized role of IMPA1 in TNBC progression and identify IMPA1 as a potential target for TNBC therapy.
Identifying and overcoming barriers to participation of minority populations in clinical trials: Lessons learned from the VanDAAM study
Authors: Fink Angelina K. C. , DeRenzis Amanda C. , Awasthi Shivanshu , Jahan Nawreen , Johnstone Peter A. S. , Pow‐Sang Julio , Torres‐Roca Javier , Grass Daniel , Fernandez Daniel , Naghavi Arash , Tan Susan , Manley Brandon , Li Roger , Poch Michael , Yu Alice , Little Nikki , Bass Eppie , Ercole Cesar E. , Katsoulakis Evangelia , Burri Ryan , Smith Riley , Stanley Nathanael B. , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Yamoah Kosj 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParticipation in cancer research trials by minority populations is imperative in reducing disparities in clinical outcomes. Even with increased awareness of the importance of minority patient inclusion in clinical research to improve cancer care and survival, significant barriers persist in accruing and retaining minority patients into clinical trials. This study sought to identify and address barriers to minority accrual to a minimal risk clinical research study in real‐time.
Development of a semi‐analytical model to predict the pressure drop of clean pleated high‐efficiency particulate air filters
Authors: Alilou Youssef , Bardin‐Monnier Nathalie , Thomas Dominique , Bourrous Soleiman , Lemaître Pascal , Gélain Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present article outlines the development of a semi‐analytical model devoted to predict the pressure drop induced by clean pleated high‐efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. Both experimental measurements and numerical simulations are used to characterize the velocity field in the pleat channel. On this basis, a semi‐analytical model is derived to determine the gas flow within the pleat channel. This analytical formulation is used to predict the air pressure evolution according to filtration velocity in the pleat. This model is then validated on the basis of comparisons with measurements found in the scientific literature for different kinds of HEPA filters with different pleat geometries. This model is easy to use, fast to run compared to standard computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches, and is in good agreement with the experimental results.
Successful eradication of chronic myeloid leukemia in a child despite allogeneic graft rejection
Authors: Vuorenoja Susanna , Vettenranta Kim , Lohi Olli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare disease in children and treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) still in many cases.CaseWe describe an 8‐year‐old patient with CML treated with two different TKIs before proceeding to allogeneic HSCT. Despite successful engraftment, prompt rejection of the graft was followed by autologous reconstitution. TKI therapy was reintroduced post‐rejection in anticipation of relapse but shortly discontinued due to low white blood cell and neutrophil counts. The patient has remained disease‐free over 5 years after graft rejection and without further therapy.ConclusionThis case suggests that even a short antileukemic effect by an allogeneic transplant may succeed in eradicating CML.
Covid‐19 detection from radiographs by feature‐reinforced ensemble learning
Authors: Elen Abdullah 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe coronavirus (Covid‐19) epidemic continues to have a negative influence on the global population's well‐being and health. Scientists in many fields around the world are working non‐stop to find a solution to the prevention of this epidemic. In the field of computer science, this struggle is supported by studies on especially the analysis of X‐ray and CT images with artificial intelligence. In this study, two different ensemble learning models, including deep learning and a combination of machine learning methods, are presented for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection from X‐ray images. The main purpose of this study is to increase the classification ability of Residual Convolutional Neural Network (ResCNN), which is used as a deep learning method, with the assist of machine learning algorithms and extracted features from images. The proposed models were validated on a total of 5228 chest X‐ray images categorized as Normal, Pneumonia, and Covid‐19. The images in the dataset were sized in four different ways, 32 × 32, 64 × 64, 128 × 128, and 256 × 256, in order to analyze the validity of the proposed models in more detail. These four datasets were partitioned with the 10‐fold cross‐validation technique and converted into a total of 40 training and test data. Both proposed models use features derived from the ResCNN as the basis and test a certain number of machine learning algorithms with a majority voting technique by dividing them into subsets. In the architecture of the second model, it combines the features extracted from the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) methods in addition to the features obtained from the ResCNN. It has been seen that the classification ability of both proposed models is better than the ResCNN in the experiments. In particular, the second model gives a similar classification score even though it is tested with images four‐times smaller (e.g., 32 × 32 vs. 128 × 128) than those used in the ResCNN. This shows that the model can give ideal results with lower computational cost.
Bone morphogenetic protein‐2 incorporated calcium phosphate graft promotes peri‐implant bone defect healing in dogs: A pilot study
Authors: Uijlenbroek Henri J. J. , Lin Xingnan , Liu Tie , Zheng Yuanna , Wismeijer Daniel , Liu Yuelian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe evaluation of three different drug delivery modes of bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) in healing peri‐implant bone defects in beagle dogs. BMP‐2 was incorporated in or onto calcium phosphate (CaP) granules in various ways: (i) directly on the outer layer of granules CaP: as an adsorbed depot; (ii) during the entire precipitation process of CaP: an internally incorporated depot; or (iii) during the biomimetic coating precipitation of BMP‐2 on the surface of CaP granules: as a coating incorporated depot.Material and MethodsAfter extraction of the lower molars and wound healing in 6 male beagle dogs, 36 implants were placed (n = 6 animal per group). Peri‐implant bone defects were induced. The following treatment groups were evaluated: no treatment; air abrasive surface cleaning (SC) using hydroxyapatite; SC and the subsequent filling of the defect with CaP without BMP‐2; SC plus the subsequent filling of the defect with CaP adsorbed BMP‐2; SC plus the subsequent filling of the defect with CaP internally incorporated BMP‐2; SC plus the subsequent filling of the defect with CaP coating incorporated BMP‐2. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were carried out to quantify and compare the changes in bone tissue surrounding the treated implants.ResultsIn Group 1 with no treatment, four implants were lost. Group 5 with the SC and the subsequent filling of the defect with internally incorporated BMP‐2 biomimetically prepared CaP (BioCaP), whereby the BMP‐2 is incorporated in the entire volume of all BioCaP particles, showed overall the best results to regenerate bone around the implants.ConclusionThis study concluded that the group treated with SC plus the subsequent filling of the defect with CaP BMP‐2 internally incorporated BMP‐2, whereby BMP‐2 has been incorporated in the entire volume of all CaP particles, showed overall the best results when aiming to regenerate bone around the implants.
Durable, flexible, and super‐hydrophobic wood membrane with nanopore by molecular cross‐linking for efficient separation of stabilized water/oil emulsions
Authors: Cai Yahui , Yu Yang , Wu Jianfei , Wang Kaili , Dong Youming , Qu Jiafu , Hu Jundie , Zhang Liwen , Fu Qiliang , Li Jianzhang , Zhang Qichun , Tian Dan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLarge amount of oily wastewater discharged from domestic sources and industrial has caused lots of pollution to our surrounding. Thus, searching effective and eco‐friendly ways for separation of stabilized oil/water emulsions is urgent and highly desirable. Among various methods, membrane with special wettability is an ideal choice for the efficient treatment of oil/water emulsions owing to its low energy consumption and cost. However, it remains a great challenge to develop super‐wettable membranes using green and inexpensive materials to realize durability, easy fabrication and scale‐up. To address this issue, a highly flexible, durable, robust, and super‐hydrophobic polydivinylbenzene (PDVB)‐wood membrane with hydrophobic‐nanopores is developed by the surface coating of cross‐linked PDVB on the porous wood. The as‐produced PDVB‐wood membrane shows excellent flexibility, durability, chemical resistance and possesses above 99.98% separation efficiency for surfactant‐stabilized water‐in‐oil emulsions. Furthermore, the PDVB‐wood membrane also performs excellent recyclability with separation efficiency up to 99.98% after 20 separation cycles. The synergistic effect of the super‐hydrophobicity and nanopores contributes to the high separation performance. With its excellent durability, easy scale up, easy fabrication, inexpensive, and green regeneration, we envision that this functional biomass‐derived membrane could be used as a substitute for filter membrane in environmental restoration.image
Low‐prestressing, self‐centering energy dissipative brace
Authors: Xiao Yi , Eberhard Marc O. , Zhou Ying , Stanton John F. , Shen Jiehao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSelf‐centering energy dissipative (SCED) braces are designed to limit the maximum story drifts in buildings during earthquakes and to nearly eliminate residual drifts. SCED braces that have been developed in the past face three major challenges: they require high levels of prestressing force, they have limited elongation capacity, and their energy dissipative systems have inadequate reliability or excessive complexity. This paper proposes a new SCED brace that addresses these three challenges with the use of a mild‐steel dissipative element that never experiences compression, so it will not buckle. The feasibility of the new system was demonstrated with a set of experiments in a configuration that uses a series combination of post‐tensioned steel tendon and Belleville springs for re‐centering. The paper develops equations that govern the brace's performance, identifies key parameters and develops a numerical modeling method. The design of an example building shows that the new brace only requires approximately 6% of the prestressing force required for existing SCED braces to achieve similar hysteretic relationships. Numerical analysis confirms that a braced frame equipped with the new brace would control the maximum response to about the same extent as would for existing SCED braces and buckling‐restrained braces, while effectively eliminating residual drift under severe earthquakes. Meanwhile, the new system generates 18–26% smaller axial forces than existing SCED braces and appears to have a large elongation capacity. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the proposed brace successfully addresses the major challenges of previous SCED braces.
Energetic and exergetic efficiency comparison of recuperative transcritical organic Rankine cycles under different pure and mixture fluids
Authors: Hsieh Jui‐Ching , Cheng Chu‐Hong , Lai Chun‐Chieh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA thermodynamic model of basic and recuperative transcritical organic Rankine cycles (TRCs) associated with using five pure and six mixed fluids as working fluids has been developed. This model can be employed to investigate the effects of recuperators at inlet expander temperatures (Texp,in) of 150–200°C and inlet expander pressures (Pexp,in) of 3.7–6.9 MPa. The ratio of change (ROC) of the first‐ and second‐law efficiencies (ηI and ηII) was positively correlated with the heat transfer rate of the recuperator and exhibited an opposite trend for a specific volume ratio. ROC was substantially affected by operating parameters and working fluid. However, the recuperator heat transfer rate was negligibly affected by the mixture temperature glide (Tglide). A universal empirical equation of ηI,II was proposed for both TRC configurations. The equation, a function of the specific volume ratio, can predict the system efficiencies for pure and mixed fluids, even if a mixture has an arbitrary mole fraction. As Tglide of R600a‐base mixture and R245fa/R134a was lower than 16 K, they had low error rates and low standard deviations. Finally, the equation was highly accurate in ηII prediction, particularly at a Texp,in of 160°C and 170°C and a Pexp,in of 4.9–5.8 MPa.