bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating gender in medical curriculum of Bangladesh: exploring perceptions, prospects and challenges
Authors: Haseen Fariha , Khanam Mosammat Ivylata , Sharmin Sabrina , Mahindra Katia , Hasan Sanjida , Tabassum Fariba , Akhter Sharlin , Mahmud Sakib , Chowdhury Ayesha Afroz , Ahmed Abu Momtaz Saaduddin , Khan Md. Saidur Rahman , Rahman AGM Mashuqur , Mahmud Mohd. Shahadt Hossain , Islam Syed Shariful 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Gender is an important biological, behavioral, societal and cultural factor influencing affecting health and health care utilization. In medical education, gender tends to be less prioritized and limiting gender sensitivity among medical professionals leading to compromised and substandard health care. Our study aims to investigate the gender perceptions among medical students and practitioners identifying possibilities and challenges in better integrating gender into medical curriculum.
Method
Quantitative data were collected from 249 respondents (151 medical students, 33 service providers and 65 service recipients) by using structured questionnaires. Descriptive and univariate analysis were conducted to assess socio-demographic characteristics and gender perceptions of participants respectively. To determine the relations of mean perception score with socio-demographic variables, we used one-way ANOVA tests. Finally, we performed multivariate linear regression to determine socio-demographic variables predicting perceptions of respondents towards gender. SPSS version 25 was used for analysis. For qualitative data 16 key informants (6 administrative staffs, 2 policy makers and 8 teaching staffs) were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed manually using thematic analysis procedure.
Result
Mean score of perception on ‘gender’ among medical students and medical professionals were 10.29 (SD = 2.70) with 52% positive perception and 9.94 (SD = 2.98) with 50% positive perception out of 20 respectively. Significantly greater perception was found among female compared to male. Mean perception score was found significantly higher among respondents aged 20–25 years and students studying in Government medical college. In terms of opinion regarding gender integration in medical or dental curriculum, maximum respondents (91%) thought that inclusion may initiate gender sensitive attitude and respectful behavior and 85% respondents thought people’s health care rights will be ensured. Regarding challenges of integrating greater gender content in medical curriculum, majority service providers (42%) said there are no challenges, but 70% of students responded that due to the huge syllabus, it may create an extra burden to students. The majority of respondents recommended to start reviewing curriculum by a review board (91%) and to develop an intention module (85%). Qualitative findings supported the quantitative results.
Conclusion
An early sensitization on gender among medical personnel and it’s influence on health care system could contribute in ensuring gender equitable health services and achieving SDGs.
IVUS guided versus OCT guided PCI among patients presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Abdelmonaem Mostafa , Abushouk Abdelrahman , Arafa Sherif , Aboulenein Hisham , Bendary Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to compare the procedural and short-term outcomes between IVUS guided and OCT guided percutaneous coronary interventions in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods
In the present retrospective study, we reviewed the data of 50 patients who had IVUS-guided PCI and 50 patients who had OCT-guided PCI for ACS between January 2021 and June 2021. Intravascular imaging was done before and after stenting. Both groups were compared in terms of minimal luminal area (MLA), stent dimensions, final minimal stent area (MSA) and stent expansion as well as negative angiographic outcomes. Patients were followed for six months to record MACE.
Results
The mean age of analyzed patients was 57 ± 13 years with male predominance (78%). The radiation time and dose were significantly higher among IVUS group. Pre-stenting MLA was significantly higher in IVUS group (2.63mm vs 2.22 mm in OCT, P = 0.013). Stent expansion was significantly higher among OCT group (97% vs 93% in IVUS group, P = 0.001) with no significant difference between both groups regarding MSA [mm2] (8.88 ± 2.87 in IVUS vs 8.1 ± 2.76 in OCT, P = 0.169). No significant difference between both groups was noted regarding contrast volume, edge dissection and no reflow. The rates of six-months MACE were significantly higher in the IVUS group.
Conclusion
OCT-guided PCI in ACS is safe and associated with similar MSA to that of IVUS-guided PCI.
The association of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels and liver fibrosis and inflammation stage in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Lian Mingjian , Chen Shidong , Wang Qianming , Yang Yuanyuan , Hong Guolin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The utility of serum immunoglobulin and complement in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients remains controversial. The study aimed to investigate the association of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels and liver fibrosis and inflammation stage in CHB patients.Methods: A total of 720 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy were enrolled. Serum immunoglobulin and complement were measured before liver biopsy. And liver pathological results were recorded. Associations of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels and liver fibrosis and inflammation stage were analyzed.Results:C3, C4, IgG and IgG1 had statistical difference among different fibrosis groups and among different inflammation groups, whereas IgM and IgA had no statistical difference. Also, both C3 and C4 negatively correlated with fibrosis stage and inflammation stage. And both IgG and IgG1 positively correlated with fibrosis stage and inflammation stage. The area under curve (AUC) of IgG and IgG1for predicting fibrosis stage≥S2, ≥S3 and ≥S4 were 0.601 (95%CI: 0.556-0.647) and 0.647 (95%CI: 0.585-0.710), 0.615 (95%CI: 0.568-0.661) and 0.645 (95%CI: 0.570-0.719), and 0.657 (95%CI: 0.578-0.736) and 0.773 (95%CI: 0.656-0.890), respectively. The AUC of IgG and IgG1for predicting liver inflammation stage≥G2, ≥G3 and ≥G4 were 0.625 (95%CI: 0.567-0.682) and 0.658 (95%CI: 0.577-0.739), 0.628 (95%CI: 0.587-0.670) and 0.710 (95%CI: 0.651-0.769) and 0.659 (95%CI: 0.582-0.736) and 0.692 (95%CI: 0.538-0.847), respectively. Conclusion: C3, C4, IgG and IgG1 were correlated with liver fibrosis and inflammation stage in CHB patients. IgG and IgG1 had diagnostic value for liver fibrosis and inflammation.
Ileocecal duplication in children: A single-center experience of 115 cases
Authors: Yan Jiayu , Lei Waiun , Yan Jun , Ding Cailin , Liu Tingting , Chen Yajun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the clinical features, surgical management, and prognosis of ileocecal duplication in children.Methods A total of 115 patients diagnosed with ileocecal duplication at Beijing Children’s Hospital between January 2010 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Ileocecal duplications were divided into ileal extraluminal (n = 24), ileal intraluminal (n = 41), ileocecal valve (n = 11), cecal extraluminal (n = 3), and cecal intraluminal (n = 18) types according to their locations.Results Mean age at diagnosis was 9.5 (0.1-169.2) months. Intussusception was only observed preoperatively in patients with the ileal intraluminal (8/41), ileocecal valve (4/11), and cecal intraluminal (7/18) types (P=0.004). Ileocecal resection and ileocolostomy, and cyst excision were performed in 41 (35.7%) and 74 (64.3%) patients, respectively. The proportions of cyst excision performed in patients with different types were 91.7% (22/24), 78.0% (32/41), 27.3% (3/11), 100.0% (3/3), and 27.8% (5/18) (P＜0.001). Mean time of oral intake and hospital stay after surgery were significantly shorter in patients undergoing cyst excision (P=0.003; P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in the complications, growth, and stool frequency (older than 4 years) between patients undergoing different surgical procedures. Regarding the stool consistency (older than 4 years), there was a lower proportion of dry stool in patients undergoing cyst excision (P=0.008).Conclusions Ileocecal duplications at specific locations are prone to intussusception and can influence the surgical procedure choice. At mid-term follow-up, the children’s growth and defecation patterns do not seem to be affected by ileocecal resection.
Experimentally-induced Endophthalmitis in a rabbit model with Staphylococcus epidermidis of two different virulence profiles
Authors: Samudio Margarita , Abente Sonia , Villalba Vanesa , Penniecook Jason , González Emilio , Correa Fátima , Schinini Alicia , Figueredo Susy , Duré Carolina , Laspina Florentina , Nentwich Martin , de Kaspar Herminia Mino 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association between S. epidermidis virulence and severity of endophthalmitis in an animal model. Methodology: New Zealand albino rabbits were inoculated with 100 colony forming units (CFU) of S. epidermidis strains with different antibiotic-resistance and biofilm-producing profiles (virulent [Group 1] and no-virulent [Group 2] group). The virulent group comprised seven rabbits in total. Four rabbits were inoculated with a multi antibiotic resistant and mec A, ica and atlE genes carriers S. epidermidis isolated from the conjunctiva of patients undergoing cataract surgery, and three rabbits with S. epidermidis ATCC 35984 (biofilm-forming and antibiotic multi-resistance strain). In the non-virulent group (n = 8), five rabbits were inoculated with a strain sensitive to all tested antibiotics and non-carrier of the mec A, ica and atlE genes isolated from a patient, and three with S. epidermidis ATCC 29122 strain (none biofilm producer). Clinical and ultrasound examinations were performed in all animals every three hours until a sign of endophthalmitis was evident. The clinical course was evaluated every 24 hours thereafter. Fifteen days post inoculation the eyes were enucleated for histologic evaluations.Results: Rabbits inoculated with the less virulent strains showed less severe inflammation and damage to intraocular structures compared to those inoculated with more virulent strains by both clinical and ultrasound evaluation. However histopathologic results showed similar degree of inflammation 15 days after inoculation. Conclusions: S. epidermidis was able to induce endophthalmitis in all animals regardless of their virulence profile. While less virulent strains caused less severe inflammation and assessed clinically and by ultrasound examination, long-term effects in histopathologic evaluations were comparable with the more virulent strain.
Dispersion and Stability Mechanism of Pt Nanoparticles on Transition-Metal Oxides
Authors: Jeong Eun-Suk , Hwang In-Hui , Han Sang-Wook 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The heterogeneous catalysts of Pt/transition-metal oxides are typically synthesized through calcination at 500℃, and Pt nanoparticles are uniformly and highly dispersed when hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is applied before calcination. The influence of H2O2 on the dispersion and the stability of Pt nanoparticles on titania-incorporated fumed silica (Pt/Ti-FS) supports was examined using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements at the Pt L3- and Ti K-edges as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The local structural and chemical properties around Pt and Ti atoms of Pt/Ti-FS with and without H2O2 treatment were monitored using in-situ XAFS during heating from room temperature to 500℃. XAFS revealed that the Pt nanoparticles of H2O2-Pt/Ti-FS are highly stable and that the Ti atoms of H2O2-Pt/Ti-FS support form into a distorted-anatase TiO2. DFT calculations showed that Pt atoms bond more stably to oxidized-TiO2 surfaces than they do to bare- and reduced-TiO2 surfaces. XAFS measurements and DFT calculations clarified that the presence of extra oxygen atoms due to the H2O2 treatment plays a critical role in the strong bonding of Pt atoms to TiO2 surfaces.
Verbascoside induces the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer via suppression of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Ou Yuying , Zhang Ye , Zhu Xinbing , Zhu Demiao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite the continuous progression in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, the prognosis of breast cancer patients is still not optimistic. Verbascoside (VER), a pharmacologically active extract of Cistanche is proved possessing anti-cancer activities. Our study was aimed to investigate the anti-proliferation activities of VER and to explore the underlying mechanism in breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Our work evidenced that the anti-proliferation activity of VER in breast cancer cells may associate with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. VER treatment dose-dependently altered the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis related proteins. CyclinB1, Cdc2, Bcl-2 and surviving were decreased, while cleaved PARP1, BAX, and cleaved caspase3/9 were increased. Mechanistically, VER suppressed the activity of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our experimental data suggests that VER might be an effective and low toxicity drug against breast cancer.
Feasibility and Effects of Mobile Videoconference-based Parent- Implemented Early Start Denver Model Intervention for Early Autism
Authors: Kim Hye Hyeon , Choi Ki Won , Choi Ye Jin , Park So Young 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Parent-implemented Early Start Denver Model (P-ESDM) is an evidence-based early intervention model for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We investigated the effectiveness of a low-intensity, mobile videoconferencing-based P-ESDM intervention, for 20 parents and their toddler with ASD. They were evaluated at baseline and after 3 months of intervention. We conducted stratified subgroup analysis based on participants’ characteristics and evaluated feasibility using parent questionnaires. Significant improvement was found in parental acquisition of ESDM intervention skills. However, there were no significant differences in any variables between baseline and after intervention. Stratified subgroup analysis based on ASD severity indicated significant effects on parent-child interaction among parents in the high ASD severity group. Stratified subgroup analysis based on personal health record (PHR) access frequency indicated significant effects on toddler's problem behaviour and parent’s stress among high PHR access frequency group. We observed promising feasibility outcomes for P-ESDM intervention through videoconferencing.
A genome-wide association study of longitudinal change in CSF tau among non-demented elders
Authors: Liu Ying-Bei , Chen Jing , Yang Chen-Li , Wang Ling , Li Hai-Yan , Gu De-An , Yu Xiao-Long , Liang Jue-yin , Sun Li , Zhong Xiao-ling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-binding protein that is critical to the organization and stabilization of microtubules physiologically. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) total tau (t-tau) and CSF phosphorylated tau (p-tau) have been recommended as diagnostic biomarkers for AD according to the 2018 National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA) research framework. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of longitudinal change in CSF t-tau among 317 non-demented elders from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort in non-Hispanic Caucasians. We employed the linear regression model to identify novel variants associated with longitudinal change of t-tau in CSF. One single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs17149074) in the region of C9orf171 (CFAP77) gene was found to reach genome-wide significance associated with longitudinal change of CSF t-tau. Five SNPs (rs10916844, rs10916846, rs9425869, rs3744474, rs8078303) were identified as potential candidate loci associated with longitudinal change of CSF t-tau. Validation of the identified loci in larger samples and various races was needed in future research.
Evaluation Nitrotyrosine and Nitric Oxide Levels in the Blood of Acute Mercury Intoxication
Authors: Arik Elif , Gungor Olcay , Temiz Fatih , Tepe Murat , Kurutas Ergul Belge , Dilber Cengiz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Several mechanisms shown in present data for identify the mercuric chloride’s biologocal toxicity, and oxidative stress is one of those mechanisms. Some studies showed mercury have some effects on human body. Such as; bind to sulfhidril groups which on proteins, expose the reactive oxygen molecules and lead to formation of free oxygen radicals. Superoxide radical can lead to peroxidation of lipid membrans, changes in activities of proteins and antioxidant enzymes and gene transcription. The nitrotirozyne formed by conjoint of peroxinitrit and tirozyne residues of proteins and it can be used as a marker for evaluate potential cytotoxic effects of NO (Nitric Oxide). Although animal experiments carried out to date, there was no human series about mercury poisoning and effects of this toxicity on nitrotirozyne and NO in the literature as we evaluated in our study. With this purpose, we planned the identify nitrotirozyne and NO levels in serums of children who exposured to mercury.Methods: 65 children who exposure mercury in school’s laboratory from Gaziantep and Kahramanmaraş were included in the study. Those children had> 10 μg/l blood-mercury levels and >15 μg/l urine- mercury levels. 23 children who refer out pediatric clinic for another reasons enrolled in the study as control group. Results: NO and nitrotirozyne levels found higher in mercury exposed children compared the control group. Conclusıon: Markers of oxidative stress such as NO and nitrotirozyne increase at the acute mercury intoxication.
Immunoglobulin-producing AT2-like cells secrete IgA into the extracellular matrix in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Chao Jie , Chen Mengling , Wang Jing , Yuan Mengqin , Long Min , Wang Sha , Luo Wei , Huang Jie , Cheng Yusi , Zhang Wei , Jiang Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an interstitial lung disease that can be caused by various factors, such as exposure to workplace environmental factors, drugs or X-rays1–3. As one driving factor of pulmonary fibrosis, epithelial cells can proliferate and secrete many kinds of cytokines to affect fibroblasts, although the molecular mechanism is unclear4. IgA, traditionally thought to be secreted by B cells5, can activate fibroblasts6. Here, we first observed extensive IgA deposition in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the lungs of mice with pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica inhalation. Consistent with this phenomenon, spatial transcriptomic sequencing of fresh mouse lung tissues from control mice and model mice showed that Igha transcripts were highly expressed in the lesion area. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of whole mouse lung tissue from the control group and model group and reconstruction of B cell receptor (BCR) sequences revealed a new cluster of cells with a shared BCR and high expression of genes related to immunoglobulin IgA production. Surprisingly, these clonal cells had more characteristics of AT2 (alveolar epithelial cell type 2) cells than B cells, such as Sftpc, Sftpa1, and Sftpb; thus, these cells were named AT2-like cells. Therefore, we propose that secretion of IgA into the ECM by AT2-like cells is an important process that occurs during lung fibrosis. In fact, IgA has been reported to promote lung fibrosis by acting on fibroblasts6. Our research suggests that IgA levels can be used as a diagnostic tool for this type of lung fibrosis with IgA deposition. Targeted blockade of lung epithelial cell secretion of IgA may be a potential approach for treating pulmonary fibrosis.
Effect of Electrochemically Activated Water on the Quality Indicators of Dough and Wheat Flour Products
Authors: Pogorelov Alexander , Panait Artem , Kuznetsov Alexander , Molchanova Elena , Suvorov Oleg , Ipatova Larisa 
Published: April 2022

Electrochemically activated water has a high physicochemical and biological activity. It interacts with food ingredients and affects the baking process in a different way than untreated water. The research objective was to study the effect of the anodic and cathodic fractions of electrochemically activated water on the quality indicators of wheat flour, dough, and bread.
The study featured electrochemically activated water fractions, wheat flour, yeast, dough, and wheat bread. It employed standard physicochemical and organoleptic methods of analysis to study the redox potential and pH of electrochemically activated water during relaxation.
The indicators returned to the initial level, but they changed significantly after 72 h. The experiment included the quantity and quality of gluten, extensibility and hydration, water-retaining capacity of flour, yeast fermentation, titratable acidity, dough fermentation rate, and the quality of finished products. The anolyte did not change the quality of gluten but decreased its amount by 2.0–3.7%, probably due to a weaker protein hydration. As for the effect of catholyte on the quality of gluten, the bonds between proteins became stronger in weak as the measurement of gluten deformation index decreased by 11.3%; they relaxed in stronger as the measurement of gluten deformation index increased by 20%. Catholyte increased the water-retaining capacity of weak flour by 11.7% and that of resistant gluten – by 5.3%. It also activated yeast cells. The samples of bread cooked on catholyte had a greater specific volume by 3.7–5.4% and porosity – by 2.3–4.6%, compared to the samples cooked on anolyte. The research also included a comparative analysis of the shape of the hearth bread samples. It confirmed that the catholyte strengthened the dough when the flour was weak and relaxed it when resistant gluten was used.
The research revealed some patterns regarding the effect of electrochemically activated water fractions on the amount and properties of gluten, water-retaining capacity of flour, yeast activity, and bread quality indicators. The results can be used to correct the properties of dough from low-quality flour, as well as for reagent-free control of the properties and behavior of
food and biological raw materials.