bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes Following Hemodynamic Parameter or Intravascular Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the Era of Drug-Eluting Stents: An Updated Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of 28 Randomized Trials and 11,860 Patients
Authors: Hu Meng-Jin , Tan Jiang-Shan , Yin Lu , Zhao Yan-Yan , Gao Xiao-Jin , Yang Jin-Gang , Yang Yue-Jin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCoronary angiography (CAG) is the standard imaging modality for guiding percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Intracoronary imaging techniques such as intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and hemodynamic parameter like fractional flow reserve (FFR) can overcome some limitations of CAG.ObjectiveWe sought to explore the clinical outcomes of different PCI guidance modalities in the era of drug-eluting stent (DES).MethodsA network meta-analysis of 28 randomized trials and 11,860 patients undergoing different modalities-guided PCI in the era of DES was performed. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% credible interval (CrI) were calculated.ResultsIn comparison with CAG, IVUS was associated with a significant reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, OR: 0.60; 95% CrI: 0.46–0.79), cardiovascular death (OR: 0.46; 95% CrI: 0.20–0.94), target vessel/lesion revascularization (TVR/TLR, OR: 0.55; 95% CrI: 0.41–0.74), and a trend toward decreased risk of stent thrombosis (OR: 0.44; 95% CrI: 0.17 to 1.00). FFR/quantitative flow ratio (QFR) could significantly reduce stroke compared with CAG, IVUS, and OCT/optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI). However, myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause death, stent thrombosis, and any revascularization presented similar risks for different PCI guidance modalities.ConclusionIn the era of DES, IVUS led to lower risks of MACE than CAG, which was mainly due to lower risks of cardiovascular death and TVR/TLR. A trend toward decreased risk of stent thrombosis was also observed with IVUS. Hemodynamic parameter (FFR/QFR)-guided PCI could significantly reduce the stroke risk compared with CAG, IVUS, and OCT/OFDI.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [CRD42021291442].
Transcriptome Sequencing Data Reveal LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Network in Calcified Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Huang Kai , Wu Lujia , Gao Yuan , Li Qin , Wu Hao , Liu Xiaohong , Han Lin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCalcified aortic valve disease (CAVD) is one of the most common valvular heart diseases in the elderly population. However, no effective medical treatments have been found to interfere with the progression of CAVD, and specific molecular mechanisms of CAVD remain unclear.Materials and MethodsTranscriptome sequencing data of GSE55492 and GSE148219 were downloaded from the European Nucleotide Archive, and the microarray dataset, GSE12644 was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Software, including FastQC, HISAT2, samtools, and featureCounts was applied to generate the read count matrix. The “Limma” package in R was utilized to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Thereafter, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were used to identify hub genes associated with CAVD, which were further validated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis using GSE12644. The long non-coding RNA (LncRNA)-mediated regulatory network was established based on the differentially expressed LncRNAs and hub genes, which were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in clinical samples and valve interstitial cells. Moreover, CIBERSORT was used to calculate the expression distribution of immune cell infiltration in CAVD.ResultsA total of 126 DEGs were included in the PPI network. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, hematopoietic cell lineage, cell adhesion molecules, and focal adhesion were the most enriched pathways revealed by KEGG. Four LncRNAs, including TRHDE-AS1, LINC00092, LINC01094, and LINC00702 were considered the differentially expressed LncRNA. SPP1, TREM1, GPM6A, CCL19, CR1, NCAM1, CNTN1, TLR8, SDC1, and COL6A6 were the 10 hub genes identified to be associated with CAVD. Moreover, the calcified aortic valve samples had a greater level of Tregs, naïve B cells, and M0 macrophages than the noncalcified ones, whereas CAVD samples had a lower M2 macrophage expression compared to the noncalcified valve tissues.ConclusionThe current study identified SPP1, TREM1, TLR8, SDC1, GPM6A, and CNTN1 as hub genes that could potentially be associated with CAVD. The LINC00702–miR-181b-5p–SPP1 axis might participate in the development of CAVD. Additionally, M2 macrophages, Tregs, naïve B cells, and M0 macrophages might possibly play a role in the initiation of CAVD.
Cardioprotection of Repeated Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Chen Shaomin , Li Shijia , Feng Xinheng , Wang Guisong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRepeated remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) after myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to improve left ventricular (LV) remodeling in the experimental studies, but its cardioprotective effect in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is still unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate whether repeated RIC started early after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can improve LV function in patients with STEMI.MethodsPatients with STEMI treated by primary PCI were included and randomized to the repeated RIC group (n = 30) or the control group (n = 30). RIC was started within 24 h after PCI and repeated daily for 1 week, using an Auto RIC device. 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) was used to assessed LV function. The primary study endpoint was the change in LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) from baseline to 1 month after PCI.ResultsThe repeated RIC group and the control group were well-matched at baseline including mean GLS (−9.8 ± 2.6% vs. −10.1 ± 2.5%, P = 0.62). Despite there was no significant difference in mean GLS at 1 month between the two groups (−11.9 ± 2.1% vs. −10.9 ± 2.7%, P = 0.13), the mean change in GLS from baseline to 1 month was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (−2.1 ± 2.5% vs. −0.8 ± 2.3%, P = 0.04). There were no significant differences in the changes in global circumferential strain (GCS), global area strain (GAS), global radial strain (GRS), LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), and LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) between the two groups. Peak creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB, peak high-sensitivity troponin T, and plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels at 24 h after PCI did not differ significantly between the two groups, but NT-proBNP levels at 1 week were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group [357.5 (184.8–762.8) vs. 465.0 (305.8–1525.8) pg/ml, P = 0.04].ConclusionDaily repeated RIC started within 24 h after PCI can improve GLS and reduce plasma NT proBNP levels in patients with STEMI.
Case Report: Severe Peripartum Cardiac Disease in Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1
Authors: Besant Georgia , Bourque Pierre R. , Smith Ian C. , Chih Sharon , Lamacie Mariana M. , Breiner Ari , Zwicker Jocelyn , Lochmüller Hanns , Warman-Chardon Jodi 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a hereditary muscular dystrophy affecting ∼2.1–14.3/100,000 adults. Cardiac manifestations of DM1 include conduction disorders and rarely cardiomyopathies. DM1 increases the risk of obstetric complications, however, little is known about the relationship between pregnancy and cardiomyopathy in DM1 due to disease rarity.CaseA 23-year-old with DM1 developed cardiomyopathy during pregnancy. Despite initial medical stabilization, she subsequently developed multiple spontaneous coronary artery dissections postpartum, worsening cardiomyopathy and multiorgan failure. She died 5 months postpartum.ConclusionThough cardiomyopathy and arterial dissection are both known complications of pregnancy, this case suggests individuals with myotonic dystrophy type 1 may be at heightened risk for cardiac disease during the peripartum period. Physicians caring for women with suspected or proven DM1 should offer counseling and be alerted to the risk of cardiac complications with pregnancy and in the peripartum period. Pregnant and peripartum women with DM1 are likely to benefit from more frequent assessments of cardiac function including echocardiograms and early institution of heart failure management protocols when symptoms of cardiomyopathy present.
The Association Between Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction and Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation After Catheter Ablation
Authors: Li Rui-bin , Yang Xiao-hong , Zhang Ji-dong , Wang Dong , Cui Xiao-ran , Bai Long , Zhao Lei , Cui Wei 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).MethodsWe examined the association between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the recurrence of AF at a large university-affiliated cardiac arrhythmia center in China. Data were collected from consecutive patients who underwent RFCA for AF, excluding those with a history of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or ongoing medical treatment for hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, biochemically defined overt thyroid disease, and long-term use of amiodarone before admission. The primary end point was the recurrence of AF in a time-to-event analysis. We compared outcomes in patients who had subclinical hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism with those who had euthyroid state, using a multivariable Cox model with inverse probability weighting and propensity score matching.ResultsIn all, 93 patients were excluded from 435 consecutive patients who underwent RFCA for AF. Of the remaining 342 patients for the analysis, the prevalence of subclinical hyperthyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were 26 (7.6%) and 41 (12.0%), respectively; during a median follow-up of 489 days, 91 patients (26.6%) developed a primary end point event. In the main analysis of the multivariable Cox model, only subclinical hyperthyroidism [hazard ratio: 3.07, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.54–6.14] was associated with an increased risk of end point event after adjusting for potential confounders. However, the association between subclinical hypothyroidism and the end point event was not significant (hazard ratio: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.31–1.43). Results were consistent either in multiple sensitivity analyses or across all subgroups of analysis. Compared with individuals with free triiodothyronine (fT3) in the lowest quintile, those with fT3 in the highest quintile had an HR of 2.23 (95% CI: 1.16–4.28) for recurrence of AF. With the increase of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), a reduction in the risk of recurrence of AF was detected in the adjusted model, and the hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation (SD) increase was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.68–0.98).ConclusionIn this retrospective cohort study involving patients who underwent RFCA for AF, patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism were associated with a markedly higher prevalence of recurrence of AF, whereas patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had a similar recurrence rate of AF compared to those with the euthyroid state.
The Effect of Early Life Exposure to Triclosan on Thyroid Follicles and Hormone Levels in Zebrafish
Authors: Tang Ning , Fan Pianpian , Chen Li , Yu Xiaogang , Wang Wenjuan , Wang Weiye , Ouyang Fengxiu 
Published: June 2022

Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial chemical widely used in personal care products. Most of the TCS component is discharged and enters the aquatic ecosystem after usage. TCS has a similar structure as thyroid hormones that are synthesized by thyroid follicular epithelial cells, thus TCS has a potential endocrine disrupting effect. It is still not clear how the different levels of the environmental TCS would affect early development in vivo. This study examines the effects of TCS on thyroid hormone secretion and the early development of zebrafish. The fertilized zebrafish eggs were exposed to TCS at 0 (control), 3, 30, 100, 300, and 900 ng/mL, and the hatching rate and the larvae mortality were inspected within the first 14 days. The total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured at 7, 14, and 120 days post-fertilization (dpf). The histopathological examinations of thyroid follicles were conducted at 120 dpf. TCS exposure at 30-300 ng/mL reduced the hatching rate of larvae to 34.5% to 28.2 % in the first 48 hours and 93.8 .7 % to 86.8 % at 72 h. Extremely high TCS exposure (900 ng/mL) strongly inhibited the hatching rate, and all the larvae died within 1 day. Exposure to TCS from 3 to 300 ng/mL reduced the thyroid hormones production. The mean TT3 and FT3 levels of zebrafish decreased in 300 ng/mL TCS at 14 dpf (300 ng/mL TCS vs. control : TT3 , 0.19 ± 0.08 vs. 0.39 ± 0.06; FT3, 19.21 ± 3.13 vs. 28.53 ± 1.98 pg/mg), and the FT4 decreased at 120 dpf ( 0.09 ± 0.04 vs. 0.20 ± 0.14 pg/mg). At 120 dpf , in the 300 ng/mL TCS exposure group, the nuclear area and the height of thyroid follicular epithelial cells became greater, and the follicle cell layer got thicker. This happened along with follicle hyperplasia, nuclear hypertrophy, and angiogenesis in the thyroid. Our study demonstrated that early life exposure to high TCS levels reduces the rate and speed of embryos hatching, and induces the histopathological change of thyroid follicle, and decreases the TT3, FT3, and FT4 production in zebrafish.
Nationwide Trends of Pediatric Obesity and BMI z-Score From 2017-2021 in China: Comparable Findings From Real-World Mobile- and Hospital-Based Data
Authors: Yang Yan , Zhang Miao , Yu Jian , Pei Zhou , Sun Chengjun , He Jingwei , Qian Tian , Luo Feihong , Zhang Shaoyan , Xu Zhenran 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionLifestyle changes including COVID-19 lockdown cause weight gain and may change obesity trends; however, timely changes are largely unknown and monitoring measures are usually lack. This first large-scale study aimed to analyze the real-world national trends of obesity prevalence of Chinese children in the past five years, and the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric obesity development through both mobile- and hospital-based data.MethodsThis study included children aged 3 to 19 years old all over China from January 2017 to April 2021. Hospital-measured and parent-reported cases from XIGAO database were analyzed. Body mass index (BMI) z-score calculation and obesity status evaluation were made according to Chinese standards. We evaluated obesity/overweight prevalence over the past five years and the changes of BMI z-score during COVID-19 lockdown.ResultsA total of 656396 children from 31 provinces were involved, including 447481 hospital-measured cases and 208915 parent-reported cases. The obesity and overweight prevalence were 8.05% (95%CI 7.76%–8.39%) and 10.06% (95%CI 10.79%–11.55%), comparable to those of China National Nutrition Surveys during 2015–2019. Northern China had the highest obesity prevalence. Parent-reported data had higher obesity/overweight prevalence than hospital-measured data (18.3% [95%CI 17.7%–18.9%] vs. 21.7% [95%CI 20.7%–23.0%]). The trend of obesity prevalence remained stable with slight decrease, but COVID-19 lockdown caused a significant increase of 1.86% in 2020. Both mobile- and hospital-based data showed weight gain in the first half of 2020. High BMI z-score increase were found among primary and junior middle school children, and children in northeast area during lockdown.ConclusionWeight gain during COVID-19 among Chinese children had regional differences and mainly affect primary and junior middle school children, thus warrants targeted interventions. The mobile growth assessment based on parent-reported data was a feasible, efficient and timely way for obesity monitoring among Chinese children, especially during epidemic.
Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes With Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes After In-Vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Authors: Wang Qiumin , Wang Honghong , Li Ping , Li Xiufang , Wang Ze , Yan Lei , Shi Yuhua 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) phenotypes and adverse perinatal outcomes, comparing the characteristics, ovarian response, and assisted reproductive outcomes in patients with various PCOS phenotypes after in-vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).MethodsThis study comprised 6,732 patients who underwent the first cycle of IVF/ICSI treatment in our outpatient department from January 2017 to July 2018. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used in PCOS and non-PCOS groups to balance the influence of intergroup confounding factors. After the PSM procedure, 1,186 patients were included in the two groups, and the PCOS patients were further divided into four PCOS phenotype groups based on the Rotterdam criteria.ResultsPatients with various PCOS phenotypes had similar rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth (all P-values &gt; 0.05). The overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (including ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, preterm birth) was significantly higher in PCOS phenotype A and D groups than in the control group (44% and 46.4% vs. 28.7%, P = 0.027). The rates of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) were significantly higher in PCOS phenotype A and C groups than in the control group (9.3% and 12.5% vs. 3.1%, P = 0.037). After adjustment for potential confounders, the differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes persisted (P = 0.025).ConclusionsThe overall incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes is higher in women with PCOS phenotypes A and D than in women with non-PCOS.
SQLE, A Key Enzyme in Cholesterol Metabolism, Correlates With Tumor Immune Infiltration and Immunotherapy Outcome of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: You Weiqiang , Ke Jia , Chen Yufeng , Cai Zerong , Huang Ze-ping , Hu Peishan , Wu Xiaojian 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundPancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a treatment-refractory cancer with poor prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that squalene epoxidase (SQLE) plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of several cancer types in humans. However, the function and underlying mechanism of SQLE in PAAD remain unclear.MethodsSQLE expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression database. SQLE alterations were demonstrated based on the cBioPortal database. The upstream miRNAs regulating SQLE expression were predicted using starBase. The function of miRNA was validated by Western blotting and cell proliferation assay. The relationship between SQLE expression and biomarkers of the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) was analyzed using the TIMER and TISIDB databases. The correlation between SQLE and immunotherapy outcomes was assessed using Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion. The log-rank test was performed to compare prognosis between the high and low SQLE groups.ResultsWe demonstrated a potential oncogenic role of SQLE. SQLE expression was upregulated in PAAD, and it predicted poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with PAAD. “Amplification” was the dominant type of SQLE alteration. In addition, this alteration was closely associated with the OS, disease-specific survival, DFS, and progression-free survival of patients with PAAD. Subsequently, hsa-miR-363-3p was recognized as a critical microRNA regulating SQLE expression and thereby influencing PAAD patient outcome. In vitro experiments suggested that miR-363-3p could knock down the expression of SQLE and inhibit the proliferation of PANC-1. SQLE was significantly associated with tumor immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints (including PD-1 and CTLA-4), and biomarkers of the TME. KEGG and GO analyses indicated that cholesterol metabolism-associated RNA functions are implicated in the mechanisms of SQLE. SQLE was inversely associated with cytotoxic lymphocytes and predicted immunotherapy outcomes.ConclusionsCollectively, our results indicate that cholesterol metabolism-related overexpression of SQLE is strongly correlated with tumor immune infiltration and immunotherapy outcomes in patients with PAAD.
Vitamin D Supplementation Modulates Platelet-Mediated Inflammation in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Johny Ebin , Jala Aishwarya , Nath Bishamber , Alam Md Jahangir , Kuladhipati Indra , Das Rupam , Borkar Roshan M. , Adela Ramu 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRecently, our group identified increased platelet-mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, and it is a well-established risk factor for diabetes complications, particularly for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Furthermore, vitamin D is reported to play an important role in the modulation of platelet hyperactivity and immune function, although the effect of vitamin D on platelet-mediated inflammation is not well studied. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on platelet-mediated inflammation in T2DM patients.MethodsAfter screening a total of 201 subjects, our randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 59 vitamin-D-deficient T2DM subjects, and the participants were randomly assigned to placebo (n = 29) or vitamin D3 (n = 30) for 6 months. Serum vitamin D metabolite levels, immunome profiling, platelet activation, and platelet–immune cell aggregate formation were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Similarly, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines were assessed by a multiplex assay.ResultsSix months of vitamin D supplementation increases the serum vitamin D3 and total 25(OH)D levels from the baseline (p &lt; 0.05). Vitamin D supplementation does not improve glycemic control, and no significant difference was observed in immune cells. However, platelet activation and platelet immune cell aggregates were altered after the vitamin D intervention (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, vitamin D reduces the serum levels of IL-18, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CXCL-10, CXCL-12, CCL-2, CCL-5, CCL-11, and PF-4 levels compared to the baseline levels (p &lt; 0.05). Our ex vivo experiment confirms that a sufficient circulating level of vitamin D reduces platelet activation and platelet intracellular reactive oxygen species.ConclusionOur study results provide evidence that vitamin D supportive therapy may help to reduce or prevent the disease progression and cardiovascular risk in T2DM patients by suppressing oxidative stress and platelet-mediated inflammation.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinical Trial Registry of India: CTRI/2019/01/016921.