bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive prescribed time control for quadrotor formation with stochastic links failure
Authors: Shang Wei , Jing Guohao , Wang Yulin , Chen Tianlong , Liu Zhou , Zheng Zhongzhong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe formation control for multiple quadrotors subject to maintaining the formation configuration and collision avoidance in the situation of stochastic links failure is investigated in this paper. First, the distributed formation controller is designed, the position controller is developed to manage the desired formation of position, and the attitude controller is developed to control the translation and rotation movements of the quadrotor. Then, in order to avoid the collisions between multiple quadrotors and the obstacles, a potential energy function method is introduced into the quadrotor formation control combined with the nest adaptive control. Inspired by the design of event trigger controller, a communication compensation controller is designed to ensure the stability of quadrotor formation under the condition of random communication interruption and recovery. Moreover, a prescribed time function is designed, which means the convergence time of the formation system can be set in advance. The prescribed time stability of the formation control system is proved by Lyapunov theory. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness and superiority of this method.
An improved adaptive FastSLAM algorithm with time‐varying noise estimator
Authors: Karaçam Serhat , Navruz Tuğba Selcen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, an adaptive FastSLAM (AFastSLAM) algorithm, which is obtained by estimating the time‐varying noise statistics and improving FastSLAM algorithm, is proposed. This improvement was accomplished by using maximum likelihood estimation and expectation maximization criterion and a one‐step smoothing algorithm in importance sampling. In addition, innovation covariance estimation (ICE) method was used to prevent loss of positive definiteness of the process and measurement noise covariance matrices. The proposed method was compared with FastSLAM by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE) using different particle numbers at varying initial process and measurement noise values. Simulation studies have shown that AFastSLAM provides much more accurate, consistent, and successful estimates than FastSLAM for both robot and landmark positions.
A comparative analysis of the cumulative greenhouse gas emissions and financial viability of residential heating systems located in New York state
Authors: Frank Jenny , Brown Tristan , Ha HakSoo , Slade Dave , Haverly Martin , Malmsheimer Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAchieving the stringent climate goals established by New York State will require significant emissions reductions across the agriculture, commercial and residential, electricity, industry and transportation sectors. This study analyzed the residential heating sector and quantified the environmental and financial impacts of four different residential heating pathways for buildings located in New York State. A conventional ultra‐low sulfur diesel pathway served as the baseline scenario against which three low‐carbon alternative pathways were compared: (1) a ‘bioheat’ scenario in which biomass‐based diesel is blended with heating oil; (2) a natural gas scenario; and (3) an electric scenario (air‐source heat pump). The low‐carbon alternative heating pathways incorporate the social cost of carbon as an internalized financial benefit from the conventional ultra‐low sulfur diesel baseline scenario. The bioheat pathway yielded the highest net present value (NPV) at $3 684 513 and the electric (air‐source heat pump) pathway had a NPV of $3 618 229. The electric and bioheat scenarios yielded the lowest and second lowest total cumulative emissions at 28545 Mt CO2e and 51 438 Mt CO2e, respectively. This study also incorporated a comprehensive sensitivity analysis to depict the impact of: NPV discount rates, fuel costs, carbon intensity values, system installation costs and social cost of carbon values. The study provides policymakers, researchers and other interested stakeholders with a comparison of the environmental and financial impacts of diverse residential heating systems. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scramblases and virus infection
Authors: Tang Dan , Wang Yichang , Dong Xiuju , Yuan Yiqiong , Kang Fanchen , Tian Weidong , Wang Kunjie , Li Hong , Qi Shiqian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe asymmetric distribution of lipids, maintained by flippases/floppases and scramblases, plays a pivotal role in various physiologic processes. Scramblases are proteins that move phospholipids between the leaflets of the lipid bilayer of the cellular membrane in an energy‐independent manner. Recent studies have indicated that viral infection is closely related to cellular lipid distribution. The level and distribution of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) in cells have been demonstrated to be critical regulators of viral infections. Previous studies have supported that the infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Zika virus, Ebola virus (EBOV), influenza virus, and dengue fever virus require the externalization of phospholipids mediated by scramblases, which are also involved in the pathogenicity of the pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). In this review, we review the relationship of scramblases with viruses and the potential viral effector proteins that might utilize host scramblases.
Single‐molecule approaches reveal outer membrane protein biogenesis dynamics
Authors: Svirina Anna , Chamachi Neharika , Schlierf Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOuter membrane proteins (OMPs) maintain the viability of Gram‐negative bacteria by functioning as receptors, transporters, ion channels, lipases, and porins. Folding and assembly of OMPs involves synchronized action of chaperones and multi‐protein machineries which escort the highly hydrophobic polypeptides to their target outer membrane in a folding competent state. Previous studies have identified proteins and their involvement along the OMP biogenesis pathway. Yet, the mechanisms of action and the intriguing ability of all these molecular machines to work without the typical cellular energy source of ATP, but solely based on thermodynamic principles, are still not well understood. Here, we highlight how different single‐molecule studies can shed additional light on the mechanisms and kinetics of OMP biogenesis.
A reversed‐phase‐high performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of paracetamol, caffeine, drotaverine HCl and their related impurities with dissolution profiling of their tablets and greenness profile assessment
Authors: Tawfik Samia A. , El‐Ragehy Nariman A. , Hegazy Maha A. , Sedik Ghada A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA sensitive, specific and eco‐friendly reversed‐phase‐HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of paracetamol, caffeine and drotaverine HCl along with their related impurities. The separation was accomplished using an X‐bridge C18 column (5 μm; 250 mm × 4.6 mm inner diameter) and a green mobile phase consisting of methanol and 0.02 M phosphate buffer at pH 5.0 in the gradient elution mode. The detector used was a diode array detector. The proposed method was validated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines. Linear regressions were found in the range of 1–100, 1–100, 2–60, 1–20, 0.50–30 and 1–15 μg/mL for paracetamol, caffeine, drotaverine HCl, p‐aminophenol, theophylline and 3,4‐dimethoxyphenylacetic acid, respectively. The suggested method was successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their tablet dosage form without interference from any excipients. No discernible difference was found between the obtained results and official or reported methods, statistically, in terms of both accuracy and precision. Dissolution profiling of the studied tablet was also performed using the suggested procedure. Moreover, the greenness profile was assessed using three different tools, namely, the National Environmental Methods Index, the Analytical Eco‐Scale and the Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach. The acquired results assert the agreement of the assay with green chemistry principles.
Bioactivity and Cell Imaging of Antitumor Fluorescent Agents (Curcumin Derivatives) Coated by Two‐Way Embedded Cyclodextrin Strategy
Authors: Liu Ying , Hu Kaibo , Lian Guangchang , Zhou Meng , Lu Chichong , Jin Guofan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCurcumin has a wide range of pharmacological activities, which can be used to treat tumors, inflammation and other diseases. However, curcumin's poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its application. In this article, the structure of curcumin was modified with boron trifluoride ether to change fluorescent labeling. The compounds were then embedded into the hydrophobic cavity of α‐cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin to form inclusion complexes. The two inclusion complexes have excellent photophysical properties, and the maximum emission wavelength is in the range of 550–565 nm. In addition, the two compounds were applied to the fluorescence imaging of HCT‐116 cells and HeLa cells, and the proliferation toxicity of the compounds was detected. Both compounds showed certain inhibitory effects on the proliferation of cancer cells. In short, the fluorescent drug molecule synthesized in this article has great reference value for the development of new dosage forms of curcumin.
Dioxetane Derivative Containing Carboxy Group as a Chemiluminophore‐Introducing Reagent
Authors: Nohara Yukie , Masuda Shun , Kaneda‐Nakashima Kazuko , Shirakami Yoshifumi , Matsumoto Masakatsu , Yoshiya Taku 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSome types of dioxetanes are called chemiluminophores because they produce luminescence light without the use of enzymes. Here, we designed and synthesized a novel carboxy group‐containing chemiluminophore derivative, which enabled the simple introduction of such a chemiluminophore to the molecule of interest. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the in vivo imaging system (IVIS imaging system) can recognize tagged chemicals, indicating that such a chemiluminophore could be employed as a tracer molecule for biological studies.
Electrostatic CH−π Interactions Can Override FluorineGaucheEffects To Exert Conformational Control
Authors: Emenike Bright U. , Farshadmand Amiel , Zeller Matthias , Roman Armando J. , Sevimler Arzu , Shinn David W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFluorinegaucheeffects are conformational properties of 2‐fluoroethanes often applied in modern molecular designs. However, the physical origins of fluorinegaucheeffects are not well understood, with the consensus favoring the established hyperconjugation theory over an emerging electrostatic model. Using a series of model systems, we show that a shift to fluorinegaucheeffects can be influenced by intramolecular CH⋅⋅⋅π aromatic interactions, a through‐space event. Modulating the π‐ring (forming the aromatic interaction) with substituent groups resulted in a linear Hammett relationship, thus indicating that the CH⋅⋅⋅π interaction has electrostatic features. For instance, attaching a nitro group (an electron‐withdrawing substituent) to the π‐ring weakened the CH⋅⋅⋅π interaction and led to agauchepreference, whereas ananticonformer is preferred with amine as substituent. The experimental results performed by using proton NMR spectroscopy are corroborated by gas‐phase DFT calculations and solid‐state X‐ray crystallography.
Benchmarking a DEM‐CFD Model of an Optical Belt Sorter by Experimental Comparison
Authors: Bauer Albert , Maier Georg , Reith‐Braun Marcel , Kruggel‐Emden Harald , Pfaff Florian , Gruna Robin , Hanebeck Uwe , Längle Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA DEM‐CFD (discrete element method ‐ computational fluid dynamics) model of an optical belt sorter was extensively compared with experiments of a laboratory‐scale sorter to assess the model's accuracy. Brick and sand‐lime brick were considered as materials. First, the transport characteristics on the conveyor belt, involving mass flow, lateral particle distribution and proximity, were compared. Second, sorting results were benchmarked for varying mixture proportions at differing mass flows. It was found that the numerical model is able to reproduce the experimental results with high accuracy.
Multi‐Method Characterization of the High‐Entropy Spinel Oxide Mn0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2Fe2O4: Entropy Evidence, Microstructure, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Senkale Svenja , Kamp Marius , Mangold Stefan , Indris Sylvio , Kienle Lorenz , Kremer Reinhard K. , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe novel spinel Cu0.2Co0.2Mn0.2Ni0.2Zn0.2Fe2O4 comprising six transition metal cations was successfully prepared by a solution‐combustion method followed by distinct thermal treatments. The entropic stabilization of this hexa‐metallic material is demonstrated using in situ high temperature powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) and directed removal of some of the constituting elements. Thorough evaluation of the PXRD data yields sizes of coherently scattering domains in the nanometre‐range. Transmission electron microscopy based methods support this finding and indicate a homogeneous distribution of the elements in the samples. The combination of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy with X‐ray absorption near edge spectroscopy allowed determination of the cation occupancy on the tetrahedral and octahedral sites in the cubic spinel structure. Magnetic studies show long‐range magnetic exchange interactions which are of ferri‐ or ferromagnetic nature with an exceptionally high saturation magnetization in the range of 92–108 emu g−1 at low temperature, but also an anomaly in the hysteresis of a sample calcined at 500 °C.
Survival outcomes among colorectal cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Degu Amsalu , Karimi Peter N. , Opanga Sylvia A. , Nyamu David G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer is a growing burden in Africa. However, survival for patients with colorectal cancer remains low in sub‐Saharan African countries, with the poorest survival, particularly at a late stage at diagnosis. Despite this, there is a paucity of sufficient data about the survival outcomes of colorectal cancer patients in Kenya.AimsThis study aimed to determine the survival outcomes among colorectal cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital.Methods and ResultsA retrospective cohort study was employed among 232 eligible medical records of colorectal cancer patients. Simple random sampling was used to select the medical records of the patients. The included medical records of the study participants were followed up retrospectively from the date of primary cancer diagnosis until the last visit to the hospital. All relevant data, such as sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, and outcome‐measuring parameters, were recorded in the predesigned data abstraction tool by reviewing the documented clinical records of the patients. The data were entered and analyzed using International Business Machines (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software. Mean, median, standard deviation, frequency tables, and figures were used to present the data. Kaplan Meier analyses were employed to determine survival outcomes. The mean age of the study participants was 54.1 ± 13.3 years, and the majority were males (126, 54.3%). Almost a third (34.1%) of patients had evidence of disease progression despite treatment in the follow‐up period, with 7.8% showing no response to therapy and 23.6% experiencing new distant metastasis. The survival rate dwindled from the first year (87.9%) to the fifth year (45.4%), and the mortality rate was 22.8%ConclusionThere was a high mortality rate, disease progression, and distant metastasis in the last follow‐up period suggesting the need to strengthen the healthcare system by ensuring access to prevention, early diagnosis, and optimal treatment of colorectal cancer.
A Randomized, Open‐Label, Phase I Clinical Study of Dalpiciclib With Different Specifications After Process Modification in Healthy Chinese Volunteers
Authors: Tao Ye , Li Ting , Lin Pingping , Jiang Xin , Shi Ping , Fu Yao , Liu Xin , Wang Chenjing , Li Shaorong , Li Xiaofeng , Cao Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic characteristics and safety of dalpiciclib at 100‐, 125‐, and 150‐mg doses after process modification in healthy Chinese volunteers. This single‐center, randomized, open‐label, three‐dose, phase I clinical study was conducted in healthy Chinese adults. Thirty‐six volunteers were randomized to three groups, including groups administered 100, 125, and 150 mg of dalpiciclib, and each group contained an equal number of males and females. A single oral dose of dalpiciclib was administered to each group, and plasma concentrations were measured by a validated liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method. The oral formulation of dalpiciclib was well absorbed, the plasma concentration reached the maximum concentration (Cmax) in 4–6 hours, and it was eliminated from plasma with a mean terminal half‐life of 42.9–45.5 hours after 100–150 mg was administered. Dalpiciclib exhibited safety and favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, supporting further investigations in phase II studies. The plasma exposure of dalpiciclib was dose‐dependent, with increasing doses in the range of 100–150 mg.
An optimized radial bias function neural network for intrusion detection of distributed denial of service attack in the cloud
Authors: Varghese Meble , Victor Jose M. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryCloud system is a set of resources meant to provide cloud customers with on‐demand services. Accessibility to cloud environment is provided through internet services, making data stored on cloud more accessible to attackers internally and externally. Several intrusion detection systems and authentication methods have been developed in previous studies to identify the intruders, however they are generally unsuccessful with certain drawbacks. Numerous existing researchers have focused on machine learning techniques for identifying intrusions. This article intends to introduce a new intrusion detection model in the cloud and it involves three processes like preprocessing, feature extraction and detection. Initially, preprocessing takes place and the preprocessed data are subjected to feature extraction process. The flow‐based features, statistical, and higher‐order statistical features with improved holoentropy features, and the technical indicators are extracted. After extracting the features, they are subjected to a detection process, where the optimized radial bias function neural network (RBF‐NN) is exploited. For precise detection, the weight of RBF‐NN is tuned optimally by (harmonic mean based poor and rich optimization) HMPRO Algorithm. The main aim of the proposed model is to detect attacks in the cloud. Finally, the performance of the presented scheme is computed over the existing approaches using the CICDDoS2019 and UNSW‐NB_15 dataset in terms of different metrics.
On the Uses of PCA to Characterise Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Biological Macromolecules: Basics and Tips for an Effective Use
Authors: Palma Juliana , Pierdominici‐Sottile Gustavo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) is a procedure widely used to examine data collected from molecular dynamics simulations of biological macromolecules. It allows for greatly reducing the dimensionality of their configurational space, facilitating further qualitative and quantitative analysis. Its simplicity and relatively low computational cost explain its extended use. However, a judicious implementation of PCA requires the knowledge of its theoretical grounds as well as its weaknesses and capabilities. In this article, we review these issues and discuss several strategies developed over the last years to mitigate the main PCA flaws and enhance the reproducibility of its results.
“SIT” with Emx1‐NuTRAP Mice: Simultaneous INTACT and TRAP for Paired Transcriptomic and Epigenetic Sequencing
Authors: Raus Anthony M. , Nelson Nellie E. , Fuller Tyson D. , Ivy Autumn S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEpigenetic regulation of transcription is gaining increasing importance in the study of neurobiology. The advent of sequencing technology has enabled the study of this regulation across the entire genome and transcriptome. However, modern methods that allow the correlation of transcriptomic data with epigenomic regulation have had several key limitations, including use of separate tissue sources and detection of low‐expression genes. This article describes a method combining isolation of nuclei tagged in specific cell types (INTACT) with translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP) in the same cell homogenate, referred to as Simultaneous INTACT and TRAP (SIT). We used this technical approach to directly couple transcriptomic sequencing with epigenomic data in neurons derived from the mouse hippocampus. We demonstrate this method with an Emx1‐NuTRAP transgenic mouse model. Here, we present protocols for SIT and for the generation and validation of the Emx1‐NuTRAP mouse model that we used to demonstrate SIT. These methods enable cell type–specific comparison of translating mRNA and chromatin data from the same set of cells. Using SIT and the Emx1‐NuTRAP transgenic mouse model, researchers can compare epigenomic data to transcriptomic data in the same set of hippocampal excitatory neurons. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Emx1‐NuTRAP transgenic mouse line for labeling excitatory neurons in the hippocampusBasic Protocol 2: SIT: Simultaneous Isolation of nuclei tagged in specific cell types (INTACT) and Translating ribosome affinity purification (TRAP)