bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Model for Detection of Ethiopian Fake Banknote Using Deep Learning
Authors: Gebremeskel Gebeyehu , Tadele Tariku Asmamaw , Girmaw Dagne Walle , Salau Ayodeji Olalekan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Recently, analyzing multiple types of fake banknote recognition and detection is a key concern in finance and business. Fake detection is an increasing methodological approach with the significance and technologies in an enormous amount of banknote image data with high dimensionality and unprecedented speed, which leaves a massive data gold ore waiting to be mined. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a deep CNN technique to differentiate between real and fake banknotes using the fake detection method by examining the computer vision features of the digital content for detecting fake banknotes using smartphone cameras in a cross-dataset environment. The proposed CNN model is used to classify and detect real and fake banknotes datasets for Ethiopian banknotes confirming that the proposed algorithm demonstrates a higher detection accuracy. The detection model sequence includes image acquisition, Image size normalization, grayscale conversation, and histogram equalization, which support to reducing the number of parameter counts in the convolutional layer in the DL framework with high performance. The proposed model architecture results in less computational complexity during hardware deployment and model training. The impact of parameter reduction on model accuracy is analyzed by evaluating the proposed Customized model. We used the percentage method to split the banknote dataset into training (80%), validation (10%), and testing (10%). After a different experimental iteration of the proposed model, we get 99.9% training accuracy, 99.4% Validation accuracy, and 97.6% testing accuracy.
Orthogonal proteomics methods warrants development of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy biomarkers
Authors: Johansson Camilla , Hunt Helian , Signorelli Mirko , Edfors Fredrik , Hober Andreas , Svensson Anne-Sophie , Tegel Hanna , Forstström Björn , Aartsma-Rus Annemieke , Niks Erik , Spitali Pietro , Uhlén Mathias , Szigyarto Cristina Al-Khalili 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Molecular components in blood, like proteins, are used as biomarkers to reveal or predict disease states, guide clinical interventions and aid development of therapies. While multiplexing proteomics methods promote discovery of such biomarkers, it is generally difficult to translate them to clinical use due to lack of substantial evidence regarding their reliability as quantifiable indicators of disease state or outcome. To overcome this challenge, a novel orthogonal strategy is developed and used to assess reliability of biomarkers and analytically corroborate already identified serum biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). DMD is a monogenic incurable disease characterized by progressive muscle damage currently lacking reliable and specific disease monitoring tools.
Methods: Two technological platforms are used to detect and quantify the biomarkers in 72 longitudinally collected serum samples from DMD patients at 3 to 5 timepoints. Quantification of the biomarkers is achieved by detection of the same biomarker fragment either through interaction with validated antibodies in immuno-assays or through quantification of peptides by Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry assay (PRM-MS).
Results: Out of ten previously identified biomarkers by immuno-based proteomics methods, five are confirmed using the mass spectrometry based method. Two biomarkers, carbonic anhydrase III and lactate dehydrogenase B, are quantified with two independent methods, sandwich immunoassays and PRM-MS, to a Pearson correlation of 0.92 and 0.946 respectively. The median concentration of CA3 and LDHB in DMD patients is elevated in comparison to healthy individuals to 35- and 3-fold, respectively. Levels of CA3 vary between 10.26 and 0.36 ng/ml in DMD patients whereas that of LDHB vary between 15.1 and 0.8 ng/ml.
Conclusions: These results indicate that orthogonal assays can be used to assess analytical reliability of biomarker quantification assays, providing means to facilitate translation of biomarkers to clinical practice. This strategy also warrants development of the most relevant biomarkers, markers that can be reliably quantified with different proteomics methods.
The Risk factors and adherence to hypotensor and hypotensive effect of ischemic stroke patients with hypertension
Authors: Han Zhiqian , Wei Shourong , Yao Huang , Gan Liangmin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the risk factors and adherence to hypotensor and hypotensive effect of ischemic stroke patients with hypertension.
Methods
The study enrolled 613 ischemic stroke cases from 2020.1-2022.4 of inpatient department of LiYuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Data on the type of stroke, frequency, demographics, chronic diseases history, the presence of influence factors and antihypertensive therapy were obtained from the electronic medical record (EMR). We used logistics model to investigate the possible risk factors of ischemic stroke with hypertension, and calculated the population attributable risk proportion (PARP). We also investigate the adherence to hypotensor and hypotensive effect.
Results
The average age of the 613 ischemic stroke patients was (71.07 ± 11.52) years old, 52.69% were males (323). In ischemic stroke patients, 78.79% had hypertension (483). According to the results of logistics model, ischemic stroke patients with diabetes had the highest risk to combine with hypertension, Odds Ratios (OR) was 2.83 (1.77 ~ 4.52). Considering the prevalence of each factor in ischemic stroke patients, Dyslipidemia had the highest PARP of 60.4% (95%CI:36.5%-76.8%). In ischemic stroke patients with hypertension, 89.44% (432/483) had taken hypotensors, 51.76% (250/483) met the required level.
Conclusion
There still were a large number of ischemic stroke patients with hypertension, a low rate of adherence to hypotensor and reaching the target.
Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Causes and Effects of Depression Among Fourth Year Degree Nursing Students at a University, Windhoek, Namibia.
Authors: Kadhila Joseph Galukeni , Dilu Penehafo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Depression is a common and serious medical illness that negatively affects how you feel, the way you think and how you act. Depression is one of the most common yet serious mental health conditions that individuals have struggled with from the past to the present. Depression affects the functionality of a human being regardless of age, gender, ethnicity, or even religion. Depression is a state of restlessness which can be explained as the extremist and the most profound state of sadness, while restlessness is like a burning flame, and sadness is like the embers that remain after this flame calms down. Moreover, Depression results from a complex interaction of social, psychological and biological factors. Student nurses are care givers to the clients and patient, therefore it is of utmost importance that they must know the causes and effects of depression. Therefore, this study focuses on the knowledge, attitude and practice of 4th year degree nursing students at the main campus in Windhoek, regarding the causes and effects of depression.

Methodology

In this study Quantitative, descriptive approaches were employed to determine the knowledge, and attitude of 4rd year degree nursing students of UNAM main campus in Windhoek, regarding the causes and effects of depression. The target population for this study was 91 4th year degree nursing students at the University of Namibia, main campus, Windhoek. Data was collected from 28th August 2022 until 7th of October 2022 and self-structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. For this study, probability, random sampling was used.

Results

A response rate of 100% was achieved. Out of 79 participants, 86% were female and they were dominating while 14% were male. All participants were Christians. The majority of the participants had grade12 certificate as their highest qualifications 87% and the least had other (certificate, diploma, degree) 13%. The study revealed that there was good display of knowledge, attitude regarding the causes and effects of depression.
Risk Factors for Postoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage Following Retrosigmoid Approach Surgery for Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Hu Zuli , Song YueHua , Liao Gang , Wang Deliang , Yin Zhangjie , Xu Shan , Wang Chun liang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with postoperative CSF leakage.
Methods
The study included 441 patients who underwent a retrosigmoid approach for opening the internal auditory canal posterior wall during complete resection of Vestibular Schwannoma at the department of neurosurgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between May 2012 and May 2022. We conducted a comparative analysis within fifteen days of surgery between patients with and without postoperative CSF leakage, which involved statistical factors, such as age, sex, recurrence, tumor size, tumor site, petrous apex pneumatization, internal auditory canal posterior wall pneumatization, and operation time.
Results
Our study showed that ten (2.27%) of 441 patients exhibited a postoperative CSF leak. Pneumatization of the IAC posterior wall showed statistical significance in postoperative CSF leakage (p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Pneumatization of the internal auditory canal posterior wall was found to be a risk factor for postoperative CSF leakage following the retrosigmoid approach.
The Pathways Study: a cohort study of new food-aid users in rural, semi urban, and urban areas of Quebec, Canada
Authors: Roncarolo Federico , Mercille Geneviève , Riva Mylene , Pérez Elsury , Blanchet Rosanne , Carabali Mabel , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Potvin Louise 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: While considerable research has been conducted on household food insecurity (HFI), little research has examined the effects of food donation programs on users’ living conditions. The Pathways study was established to investigate the long-term effects of food donation programs on food insecurity as well as other critical outcomes, such as diet, health, and social support. Herein, we describe the design of the Pathways Study and the participants’ characteristics at baseline.
Methods: The Pathways study is a prospective cohort study of 1,001 food-aid users in Quebec (Canada). We recruited newly registered users of food donation programs from 106 community-based food-aid organizations that partnered with the study. Baseline data were collected through face-to-face interviews from September 2018 to January 2020, with planned follow-up interviews at 12 and 24 months after enrollment. Household food insecurity, diet, food competencies, food shopping behaviors, perceived food environment, health status, social support and isolation, sociodemographic characteristics, housing conditions, negative life events, and the impacts of COVID-19 were assessed with validated questionnaires.
Results: The cohort included 1,001 participants living in rural (n=181), semi-urban (n=250), and urban areas (n= 570). Overall, household food insecurity was reported as severe among 46.2% and moderate in 36.9% of participants. Severe household food insecurity was more prevalent in rural (51.4%) and urban (47.8%) areas compared to semi-urban (39%) areas. Overall, 76.1% of participants reported an annual income below C$20,000. Half (52%) had low education levels (high school or lower), 22.0% lived in single-parent households, and 52.1% lived alone. Most (62.9%) experienced at least one major financial crisis in the preceding year.
Conclusions: Results show that newly registered users of food donation programs often have low-income and severe food insecurity, with major differences across geographical locations. The Pathways study is the first study designed to follow, over a two-year period, a cohort of newly registered users of food donation programs and to quantify their trajectories of service use. Findings from the Pathways study might help adapt the community response to the strategies used by food-insecure households to feed themselves.
A fluorescent probe based on the hydrazone Schiff base for the detection of Zn 2+ and its application on test strips
Authors: Xu Guo , Ma Shu-Jie , Zhang Hua-Hong , Jing Jing , Chen Xing-Han , Zhang Xiao-Peng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A novel fluorescent probe SHK for Zn2+ detection was designed based on the hydrazone Schiff base, successfully synthesized by Suzuki coupling and condensation reactions. The probe SHK in DMSO/H2O showed extremely weak fluorescence. However, the solution exhibited an intensive yellow-green emission with the introduction of Zn2+. In contrast, negligible fluorescence change was observed when other metal ions were added, suggesting a high selectivity of SHK for Zn2+ detection. The Job’s Plot analysis revealed that a 1:1 stoichiometric adduct SHK-Zn2+ formed during the Zn2+ sensing. The binding constant of the complex was determined to be 184 M− 1, and the detection limit for Zn2+ was calculated to be 112 µM. Moreover, the probe SHK achieved selective fluorescence sensing for Zn2+ on test strips, which guaranteed its practical application prospect.
The use of Pediatric Short-Stay Observation in Italy
Authors: Pinto Luciano , Bianchini Sonia , Barbieri Maria Antonietta , Cherchi Gabriella , Miceli Andrea , Mirauda Maria Pia , Russotto Valeria Spica , Raffaldi Irene , Zangardi Tiziana , Perri Domenico , Agostiniani Rino , Rugolotto Simone , Cardinale Fabio , Zampogna Stefania , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In Italy, the State Regions Conference on 1° August 2019 approved the Guidelines for Short-Stay Observation (SSO). At the beginning of 2022, the main Scientific Societies of the pediatric hospital emergency-urgency area launched a national survey to identify the extent to which these national guidelines had been adopted in the emergency rooms and pediatric wards of the Italian regions.
Methods
A survey has been widespread, among Pediatric Wards and Pediatric Emergency Departments, using an online questionnaire on Google Drive, or by filling in a paper questionnaire, to be sent to the organizers of the survey.
Results
Currently, 8/20 Regions have not yet adopted the Guidelines. As of 12 November 2022, data from 246 hospitals were collected. There are actually 174/246 active Pediatric SSO (70,73% of the Hospitals). There are not active SSO in the 35% of first level DEAs, in the 20% of second level DEAs, and in the 35% of General Hospitals with Pediatric Wards. Active SSO are located mainly (75%) within Pediatric Wards. This survey is still ongoing, and it has been completed in 13 Regions: in the 6 Regions which are using guidelines, SSOs are active in all the second level DEAs (compared to 55,6% of the other 6 Regions), in the 89,7% of first level DEAs (compared to the 22,6%), and in the 94,4% of General Hospitals (compared to 32,3%). Differences result statistically significant: p <0,0001.
Conclusions
The delay in adopting specific guidelines negatively influences activation of SSOs in hospital system and prevents the adjustment of welfare level to new needs. To facilitate the activation of SSOs in hospitals, it is also necessary to guarantee adequate economic recognition for this form of assistance
Fabrication, Comparison, Optimization, and Applications of Conductive Graphene Patterns Induced via CO2 and Diode Lasers
Authors: Sajid Memoon , Awan Faisal Saeed , Javed Mazhar , Khattak Zarak Jamal , Hussain Syed Gohar , Farhad Syed , Rahman Khalid , Saleem Mohsin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fabrication of conductive patterns for flexible and printed electronic devices is one of the most challenging steps in the whole process. Conductive patterns in electronic devices are used as electrodes, transducers, connecting links, and sometimes, also as the active sensing elements. Since the introduction of laser induced graphene (LIG), it has been explored to print electrodes and connecting patterns for various electronic devices and systems. This work focuses on an in-house developed laser printing system and the comparison of various electrical, chemical, and morphological properties of the resulting LIG patterns using CO2 and diode lasers. The system parameters including the laser power, relative printing speed, and the printing resolution were explored and optimized to achieve conductive patterns with varying properties suitable for different targeted applications. The fabricated patterns were characterized for their sheet resistance, surface morphology using scanning electron microscope (SEM), chemical properties using Energy Dispersive (EDS) and RAMAN spectroscopies, and physical size and resolution using optical microscopy. Continuous conductive patterns with sheet resistance in range of 11.5 Ω/□ to 43 Ω/□ were achieved using CO2 laser with a minimum achievable pattern width of ~ 180 µm while patterns with sheet resistance in range of 19 Ω/□ to 105 Ω/□ were achieved using diode laser with a minimum pattern width of ~ 190 µm. The chemical and morphological properties of CO2 laser-based patterns indicate the formation of 2D graphite sheets with high porosity and low O2 concentration while the diode laser-based patterns have a lower porosity and higher percentage of O2 indicating burning and the formation of oxides. Various applications of both types have also been discussed based on their respective properties.
The evolution of the Human mitochondrial bc1 complex- adaptation for reduced rate of superoxide production?
Authors: Rottenberg Hagai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mitochondrial bc1 complex is a major source of mitochondrial superoxide. While bc1-generated superoxide plays a beneficial signaling role, excess production of superoxide lead to aging and degenerative diseases. The catalytic core of bc1 comprises three peptides -cytochrome b, Fe-S protein, and cytochrome c1. All three core peptides exhibit accelerated evolution in anthropoid primates. It has been suggested that the evolution of cytochrome b in anthropoids was driven by a pressure to reduce the production of superoxide. In humans, the bc1 core peptides exhibit anthropoid-specific substitutions that are clustered near functionally critical sites that may affect the production of superoxide. Here we compare the high-resolution structures of bovine, mouse, sheep and human bc1 to identify structural changes that are associated with human-specific substitutions. Several cytochrome b substitutions in humans alter its interactions with other subunits. Most significantly, there is a cluster of seven substitutions, in cytochrome b, the FeS protein, and cytochrome c1 that affect the interactions between these proteins at the tether arm of the Fe-S protein and may alter the rate of ubiquinone oxidation and thus the rate of superoxide production. Another cluster of substitutions near heme bH and the ubiquinone reduction site, Qi, may affect the rate of ubiquinone reduction and thus alter the rate of superoxide production. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that cytochrome b in humans (and other anthropoid primates) evolve to reduce the rate of production of superoxide thus enabling the exceptional longevity and exceptional cognitive ability of humans.
Unconscious goal pursuit strengthens voluntary force during sustained maximal effort via enhanced motor system state
Authors: Takarada Yudai , Nozaki Daichi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractShouting during sustained maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) has been shown to potentiate maximal voluntary force through the enhancement of motor cortical excitability. However, it is not clear whether excitatory input from areas other than the motor-related cortical area to the primary motor cortex (M1) induces muscular force-enhancing effects on sustained maximal force exertion. We investigated the effects of subliminal goal-priming with motivational reward on motor system state by examining motor evoked potentials to transcranial magnetic stimulation during sustained MVC, and assessing handgrip force. The results revealed that barely visible priming of an action concept, when combined with a reward in the form of a consciously visible positive stimulus, increased maximal voluntary force and reduced the silent period (i.e., reduced motor cortical inhibition). This is the first objective evidence linking the muscular force of subliminal reward-goal priming during MVC to the enhancement of motor system activity through the additional drive of subliminal reward-goal priming operating on the motor system, possibly via the potentiation of reward-linked dopaminergic system activity.
Bio-Inspired Approach to Extend Customer Churn Prediction for the Telecom Industry in Efficient Way
Authors: Chinnaraj Ramesh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Churn prevention has always been a top priority in business retention. The significant problem of customer churn was confronted by the telecommunications industry due to saturated markets, harsh competition, dynamic criteria, as well as the launch of new tempting offers. By formalizing the telecom industry's problem of churn prediction as a classification task, this work makes a contribution to the field. To effectively track customer churn, a churn prediction (CP) model is needed. Therefore, using the deep learning model known as the reformatted recurrent neural network in conjunction with the Elephant herding optimization (EHO) method, this work provides a novel framework to forecast customer turnover (R-RNN). EHO is a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm that draws inspiration from nature and is based on the herding behaviour of elephants. The distance between the elephants in each clan in relation to the location of a matriarch elephant is updated by EHO using a clan operator. For a wide range of benchmark issues and application domains, the EHO approach has been shown to be superior to several cutting-edge meta-heuristic methods. In order to classify the Churn Customer (CC) and a regular customer, RRNN is modified. This improved EHO effectively optimises the specific RNN parameters. If a client churns as a result, network usage is examined as a retention strategy. However, this paradigm does not take into account the number of consumers who leave based on how often they use their local networks. The results of the simulation and performance metrics-based comparison are assessed to show that the newly proposed technique can identify churn more successfully than pertinent techniques.