bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regularized Online Allocation Problems: Fairness and Beyond
Authors: Balseiro Santiago R. , Lu Haihao , Mirrokni Vahab 
Published: February 2025

Problem definition: Online allocation problems with resource constraints have a rich history in operations management. In this paper, we introduce the regularized online allocation problem, a variant that includes a nonlinear regularizer acting on the total resource consumption. In this problem, requests repeatedly arrive over time, and for each request, a decision-maker needs to take an action that generates a reward and consumes resources. The objective is to simultaneously maximize additively separable rewards and the value of a non-separable regularizer subject to the resource constraints. Methodology/results: We design an algorithm that is simple and fast and attains good performance with stochastic and adversarial inputs. In particular, our algorithm is asymptotically optimal under stochastic i.i.d. input models, attains a fixed competitive ratio that depends on the regularizer when the input is adversarial, and can handle a sublinear amount of non-stationarity. Furthermore, the algorithm and analysis do not require convexity or concavity of the reward function and the consumption function, which allows more model flexibility. Numerical experiments confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and of regularization in an Internet advertising application. Managerial implications: Introducing a regularizer allows decision-makers to trade off separable objectives such as the economic efficiency of an allocation with ancillary, non-separable objectives such as fairness or equity of an allocation. Our results have implications for online allocation problems across many sectors, such as Internet advertising, cloud computing, and humanitarian logistics, in which fairness and equity are key considerations for managers. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0212 .
Effects of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training on cardiorespiratory and exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Chao , Yue Yuchuan , Wu Dongmei , Zhang Junming , Zhu Shuyao 
Published: February 2025

Background
With the increasing utilization of cardiac rehabilitation in clinical treatment and prognosis for patients with cardiovascular diseases, exercise training has become a crucial component. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) are commonly employed in rehabilitating patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, further investigation is required to determine whether HIIT and MICT can effectively enhance the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of HIIT and MICT interventions, optimal intervention duration for different intensity levels of training, as well as effective training modalities that improve cardiorespiratory function and exercise capacity among patients.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) pertaining to high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) interventions in patients with coronary artery disease from inception until publication on September 26, 2024. Two independent researchers assessed articles that met the inclusion criteria and analyzed the results using Sata 17.0 software. Forest plots were employed to evaluate the impact of HIIT and MICT on outcome indicators. Sensitivity analysis and funnel plot assessment were performed to examine publication bias. Subgroup analysis was conducted to determine optimal intervention duration and training methods.

Results
A total of 22 studies with 1364 patients were included in the study, including the HIIT group (n = 685) and the MICT group (n = 679). The results showed that compared to MICT, HIIT significantly increased PeakVO2(Peak oxygen uptake)[WMD = 1.42mL /kg/min 95%CI (0.87, 1.98), P = 0.870, I2 = 0%], 6MWT(6-minute walk test)[WMD = 18.60m 95%CI (2.29, 34.92), P = 0.789, I2 = 0%], PHR(Peak heart rate)[WMD = 4.21bpm 95%CI (1.07, 7.36), P = 0.865, I2 = 0%], DBP(diastolic blood pressure)[WMD = 3.43mmHg 95%CI (1.09, 5.76), P = 0.004, I2 = 60.2%]. However, in LVEF(left- ventricular ejection fraction)[WMD = 0.32mL 95%CI (-1.83, 2.46), P = 0.699, I2 = 0%], LVEDV(left ventricular end-diastolic volume)[WMD = 0.91 ml 95%CI (-1.83, 2.46), P = 0.995, I2 = 0%] and SBP(systolic blood pressure)[WMD = 1.85mmHg 95%CI (-0.23, 3.93),P = 0.266, I2 = 18.2%], there was no significant difference between HIIT and MICT.

Conclusion
Based on the findings of this systematic review, HIIT demonstrates superior efficacy compared to MICT in enhancing PeakVO2, PHR, 6MWT and DBP. However, no significant differences were observed in LVEF, LVEDV, and SBP. In summary, HIIT exhibits potential for improving cardiopulmonary function and exercise capacity among patients with coronary artery disease.
Kemampuan Degradasi Mikroplastik Polycaprolactone oleh Bakteri Asosiasi Karang Keras di Pantai Kartini Jepara
Authors: Azizi Muhammad Faris , Endrawati Hadi , Sabdono Agus 
Published: February 2025

Jutaan ton sampah plastik global akan berakhir ke laut setiap tahunnya. Dampak adanya mikroplastik telah menjadi ancaman bagi organisme laut, salah satunya karang keras yang merupakan penyusun ekosistem terumbu karang. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh bakteri asosiasi karang keras yang berpotensi mendegradasi mikroplastik dari dari perairan Pantai Kartini, Jepara. Sampel karang diambil dari tiga macam life form yaitu branching, massive, dan submassive pada kedalaman 5 – 10 meter. Sampel karang selanjutnya dilakukan pengenceran bertingkat, kemudian diinokulasi pada media agar laut zobell 2216E. Skrining uji potensi degradasi mikroplastik dilakukan menggunakan substrat tributyrin sebagai tahap awal untuk mengetahui aktivitas enzim lipolitik, dilanjutkan dengan uji polycaprolactone untuk mengetahui potensi adanya enzim poliesterase yang dapat memecah partikel mikroplstik. Tahapan analisa molekuler dilakukan meliputi ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi DNA gen 16S rRNA, elektroforesis, dan analisa filogenetik. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 37 isolat bakteri asosiasi karang keras dari berbagai life form. Delapan bakteri diketahui berpotensi memiliki aktivitas enzim lipolitik pada media tributyrin. Dilanjutkan pada uji polycaprolactone dihasilkan satu isolat bakteri dari karang massive degan kode PK-KM-1.1 yang berpotensi mendegradasi polimer polycaprolactone. Analisa molekuler menunjukkan isolat PK-KM-1.1 memiliki kemiripan dengan Bacillus aerius hingga 99,71%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan karang keras berpotensi mendegradasi senyawa mikroplastik polycaprolactone dan dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber inang di dalam eksplorasi bakteri pendegradasi mikroplastik.
Analisis Vegetasi Mangrove Berdasarkan Faktor Lingkungan Perairan di Kawasan Pesisir Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Rahman Rahman , Bramana Aditya , Suharti Ratna , Irawan Hendra 
Published: February 2025

Kabupaten Pati terletak di pesisir utara Pulau Jawa, pantainya berlumpur dan sebagian wilayah ditumbuhi mangrove. Dari tahun ke tahun, hutan mangrove di Kabupaten Pati di beberapa kecamatan mengalami penurunan kuantitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis vegetasi ekosistem mangrove berdasarkan faktor lingkungan perairan di Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah untuk mengetahui kondisi dan struktur komunitas mangrove daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari 21 Agustus sampai dengan 12 Oktober. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan metode observatif. Pengambilan data mangrove menggunakan metode Line Transect Plot. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan lima jenis mangrove yaitu Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Acanthus ilicifolius, Excoecaria agallocha, dan Sonneratia caseolaris. kerapatan jenis pohon dan semai mangrove >1500 tergolong sangat rapat serta pancang tergolong rendah-sangat rapat, frekuensi jenis pohon tertinggi ialah Avicennia marina dengan nilai 1, tutupan jenis pohon berkisar 0,292%/m2-0,623%/m2 dan INP tingkat pohon terbesar ialah spesies Avicennia marina berkisar 246,1%-300%. Indeks biologi menunjukkan keanekaragaman mangrove stasiun penelitian berkategori rendah, keseragaman rendah-sedang, dan dominansi berkategori tinggi. Kualitas fisika dan kimia yang diukur pada tiap stasiun penelitian dikategorikan normal. Terdapat 6 spesies biota yang ditemukan yang berasosiasi yaitu Boleophthalmus boddarti, Boleophthalmus pectinirostris, Scylla serrata, Telescopium telescopium, Cerithidea cingulate dan Ellobium aurisjudae. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, maka hutan mangrove Kabupaten Pati perlu dijaga dan dilakukan upaya-upaya dalam pelestariannya.
Every salami has two ends
Authors: Hua Bobo , Münch Florentin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A salami is a connected, locally finite, weighted graph with non-negative Ollivier Ricci curvature and at least two ends of infinite volume.
We show that every salami has exactly two ends and no vertices with positive curvature.
We moreover show that every salami is recurrent and admits harmonic functions with constant gradient.
The proofs are based on extremal Lipschitz extensions, a variational principle and the study of harmonic functions.
Assuming a lower bound on the edge weight, we prove that salamis are quasi-isometric to the line, that the space of all harmonic functions has finite dimension and that the space of subexponentially growing harmonic functions is two-dimensional.
Moreover, we give a Cheng–Yau gradient estimate for harmonic functions on balls.
Approximation of maps between real algebraic varieties
Authors: Banecki Juliusz , Kucharz Wojciech 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A nonsingular real algebraic variety 𝑌 is said to have the approximation property if, for every nonsingular real algebraic variety 𝑋, the following holds: if

f
:

X
→
Y

f\colon X\rightarrow Y

is a

C
∞

\mathcal{C}^{\infty}

map that is homotopic to a regular map, then 𝑓 can be approximated in the

C
∞

\mathcal{C}^{\infty}

topology by regular maps.
In this paper, we characterize the varieties 𝑌 with the approximation property.
We also characterize the varieties 𝑌 with the approximation property combined with a suitable interpolation condition.
Some of our results have variants concerning the regular approximation of continuous maps defined on (possibly singular) real algebraic varieties.
Synthesis of magnetic ionic liquids and teaching materials: practice in a science fair
Authors: Takagi Yumiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Applications of magnetic ionic liquids have been receiving growing interest recently. The magnetic properties of magnetic ionic liquids have been included in high school science textbooks in Japan as an area of possible future development. In the Science Fair event described here, magnetic ionic liquids synthesized in various ratios were correlated with their thermodynamic properties. This article describes Microscale Chemistry for a science fair with a focus on elementary school students as the target audience. Magnetic ionic liquids can be expected to become a new class of materials with potential for further educational applications in a more sustainable way.
The crystal structure of 1-methyl-3-(N-methylnitrous amide–N-methylene) imidazolidine-2,4,5-trione
Authors: Xiaolin Wei , Jianhui Zhou , Jinjun Geng , Zhiwei Wen , Manyi Qu , Xiaoting Hou , Ruiqin Li , Rui Feng , Lukui Zhao , Pengbao Lian , Jianlong Wang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
C6H8O4N4, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 6.5487(4) Å, b = 17.5223(9) Å, c = 7.5728(4) Å, V = 868.97(8) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0740, wR
ref (F
2) = 0.0761, T = 106.0 K.
Structural Measures Against the Risks of Flash Floods in Patara and Consequent Considerations Regarding the Location of the Oracle Sanctuary of Apollo
Authors: Koçak Mustafa , Aktaş Şevket 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Located in the southwest of the Lycian Xanthos Valley, the harbor city of Patara and its surroundings are surrounded by hills and ravines. Many of these ravines, which are often referred to as streams by the locals, carry water during heavy rainfall, which can sometimes turn into huge torrents. Even today, this poses a threat to the modern village of Gelemiş and the ruins of the ancient city of Patara. It seems that things were not much different in antiquity. Architectural remains that have been uncovered in recent years bear witness to structural measures taken against such risks. These are canals, bridges, or tunnels that form parts of a drainage system. A brief analysis of this drainage system and the topography of the area surrounding the city of Patara provides valuable information that brings us a step closer to locating the oracle sanctuary of Apollo of Patara, which was famous well beyond the region in antiquity. It was probably located north-northeast of today’s marshy harbor bay of Patara.
The Cunning of Misrecognition: Indigenous Politics and the Five Tribes’ Capitols
Authors: Nolan Ginger 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article examines Native American political strategies that were leveraged in the design, construction, and eventual preservation of the mid-nineteenth-century civic architectures of the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Muscogee (Creek), and Seminole Nations. Predating a turn toward the “politics of recognition,” these architectures advanced what could be described as “cultural misrecognition,” as they presented an appearance of assimilation to U.S. cultural and political norms while nonetheless supporting the Five Tribes’ resistance to one of the most fundamental operations of U.S. governance: the treatment of land as a privately owned exploitable resource. In the absence of detailed historical records attesting to the architectural choices made by the Five Tribes’ leaders, this article reads architecture through the political histories of the Five Tribes in order to understand how these buildings served the nations in their struggles to maintain sovereignty.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ И ЧИСЛЕННОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ГОРЕНИЯ БОГАТЫХ СМЕСЕЙ МЕТИЛОВОГО СПИРТА И ВОДОРОДА С ВОЗДУХОМ
Authors: БУНЕВ В А. 
Published: February 2025

Экспериментально и численными методами исследованы процессы горения богатых смесей метанола и водорода с воздухом. Показано, что отклонение от правила Ле-Шателье для богатых пределов распространения пламени обусловлено двумя факторами: ингибированием метанолом распространения пламени в богатых смесях водорода и наличием сверхадиабатических температур в богатых смесях метанола. Показано, что результат действия добавки водорода в малых количествах в богатые смеси метанола совпадает с результатом действия инертных добавок азота и двуокиси углерода. Численное моделирование показало, что добавление небольших количеств водорода в богатые смеси метанола приводит только к физическому воздействию на значение нормальной скорости распространения пламени. Добавки Н2 действуют на реализацию сверхадиабатических температур в пламени метанола так же, как инертные добавки СО2 и N2.
The combustion of rich mixtures of methanol and hydrogen with air has been studied by experimental and numerical methods. It has been shown that the deviation from the Le Chatelier rule for the rich flammability limits is due to two factors: inhibition of flame propagation by methanol in rich mixtures of hydrogen and the presence of superadiabatic temperatures in rich mixtures of methanol. It has been found that the effect of adding small amounts of hydrogen to rich mixtures of methanol is the same as the effect of adding inert nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Numerical simulation has shown that adding small amounts of hydrogen to rich mixtures methanol leads only to physical effects on the normal flame speed. Additives of H2 affect the implementation of above-adiabatic temperatures in a methanol flame in the same way as Inert additives of CO2 and N2.
Evaluation of the combination of Linear Alkylbezene Sulfonate (LAS) with emerging pollutants: an approach to aquatic ecotoxicity and Electron Beam treatment
Authors: Garcia Vanessa Silva Granadeiro , Kiyoshi Tominaga Flávio , Fonseca Boiani Nathalia , Feher Anselmo , Ivone Borrely Sueli 
Published: February 2025

The presence of surfactants and other emerging pollutants in water bodies has become a major environmental concern in several places around the world, since these pollutants cause adverse problems in aquatic ecosystems and compromise public health, regarding the supply of good quality water. These pollutants often originate from various sources, including industrial activities, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products. A critical aspect of this issue is that many of these pollutants and their mixtures are difficult to degrade in biological treatment processes, requiring auxiliary treatments. Electron beam technology has been applied in various environmental matrices to degrade these pollutants, helping not only to increase degradability, as also to reduce the toxicity of these compounds. The present work aimed to evaluate LAS surfactant single and combined effects with emerging pollutants (caffeine and ciprofloxacin antibiotic) to aquatic organism Daphnia similis. It was also evaluated the electron beam (EB) treatment for reducing toxicity of single compounds. The organisms were exposed to samples (non-irradiated and irradiated LAS and mixtures) for 48 hours and the observed effect was immobility. The toxicity was evaluated through EC50 (median effective concentration) calculations. The EC50 values showed a high toxicity level for surfactant LAS with EC50s below 9%. Caffeine and Ciprofloxacin EC50 data were higher than 20%. EC50% values ​​of the mixtures were close to the values ​​of the isolated compounds. After the EB treatment (5 kGy) about 70% acute toxicity reduction was obtained for LAS surfactant. The combined presence of surfactants and emerging pollutants in aquatic matrices requires a comprehensive approach to monitoring and mitigating their impacts to protect aquatic ecosystems and human health.
Coupling Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction data and reverse Monte Carlo analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra
Authors: Winterer Markus 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra contain information about the local, molecular type structure, whereas (X-ray) diffraction (XRD) data reveal the periodic structure or long-range order (crystal structure) of materials. Variations in local and periodic structure greatly influence materials properties and related applications. However, data analysis often is performed independently for EXAFS spectra and diffraction data even if measured simultaneously. We show that it is possible to couple both Reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) analysis of EXAFS spectra and Rietveld refinement of diffraction data by mapping structural parameters consistently and applying a feedback algorithm between both refinement paths. This method is applied to EXAFS and XRD data of nanocrystalline tin dioxide (SnO2) with a crystallite size of 6 nm as model system and compared to independent data analysis of diffraction and EXAFS data as well as a simultaneous analysis using the Debye scattering equation (DSE) for diffraction.

Graphical abstract
Postural assessment, Part Two: Deviation for sense of and actual alignment
Authors: Hough PA , Nel M 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Accurate sensing of the body position in space is important for safe and mechanically effective interaction with theenvironment. Clinical evidence however suggests that a client's sense of postural alignment differs from their actual alignment, whichmay influence the accuracy of postural repositioning during participation in activities of daily life.Objectives: The aim of this quantitative descriptive study was to investigate the difference between sense and actual posturalalignment during sitting and standing positions, with the anatomical landmarks as reference points for measurement from anterior andlateral views.Methods: Ten health care clinics in the Free State towns of Botshabelo and Thaba N'chu, were randomly selected and 95 patientsparticipated in the study. Measurements consisted of (a) a biographical questionnaire, (b) assessment of actual postural alignment, and(c) assessment of sensed postural alignment. Assessment of actual postural alignment was done by using the Photographic Method ofPostural Assessment (P-MPA), during which the actual (real) distance on photos was established by calculating the ratio of measured/real distance x distance from plumb line for each photo. A clinical significant difference from the reference point as measured on thephoto was set at 10mm. The sense and actual deviation, for sitting and standing were compared by means of 95% confidence intervalsfor median differences.Results: Results show statistical and clinically significant differences for sense and actual deviations from the plumb line for lateralviews for all anatomical landmarks, in both sitting and standing positions. With the exception of a clinical significant difference at thenose landmark in anterior view, results show no other statistical or clinical significant differences for anterior sitting or standing.Recommendations: The authors recommend that follow up studies investigate postural repositioning during motion and in additionto speed and direction, also test the degree to which discrepancy between sense and actual values occurs.Conclusion: Increased awareness by health care professionals and educators of the discrepancy between sensed and actual posturalalignment, in anterior and lateral views, may benefit the planning of intervention programmes aimed to enhance safe and meaningfuloccupational performanceKeywords:Â Postural alignment, sense of posture and actual posture
RPNet: Robust P-Wave First-Motion Polarity Determination Using Deep Learning
Authors: Han Jongwon , Kim Seongryong , Sheen Dong-Hoon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present RPNet, a robust deep-learning model for P-wave first-motion polarity determination aimed at deriving earthquake focal mechanism solutions. RPNet integrates advanced deep-learning techniques, including inception modules, attention mechanisms, and Monte Carlo dropout, to improve prediction accuracy and stability with quantified uncertainty. We conduct benchmark tests against four existing models using data sets from the western United States and Italy. The results address key issues such as sensitivity to misaligned P-wave onsets, class imbalance between up and down polarities, and handling of “unknown” labels. To enhance robustness, we apply intensive random time shifts of P-wave onsets within a ± 0.5 s range during training. To address the class imbalance, RPNet is trained with an equal amount of data for both up and down polarities. The performance of RPNet is evaluated through three tests. First, we test RPNet on a data set comprising 10% of the data excluded from training, achieving 99% recall for both up and down polarities. Next, we apply RPNet to independent Hi-net data from Japan, where it demonstrates superior generalization compared to previous deep-learning models, achieving recall rates above 97.5% even under time shifts of up to ±0.40 s. Finally, RPNet is tested on the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence, where its automatically derived focal mechanism solutions closely match those manually derived by the Japan Meteorological Agency, outperforming the previous model in Kagan angle and polarity misfit. These results highlight RPNet’s potential as a reliable tool for automating focal mechanism derivation across diverse regions and waveform conditions without the need for additional optimization.