bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D bioprinted extracellular vesicles for tissue engineering—a perspective
Authors: Han Pingping , Ivanovski Sašo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Harnessing three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted extracellular vesicles (EVs) holds great promise for advancing the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. EVs are naturally occurring biological nanoparticles that are emerging as powerful ‘cell-free’ nanotherapeutics characterized by a cargo of protein, lipids, or genetic material that can be delivered to recipient cells. Conventional 3D bioprinting utilizes bioinks, a mixture of biomaterial and live cells, to fabricate 3D constructs for tissue regeneration purposes. The utilization of EVs instead of living cells for bioprinting may achieve targeted EV delivery, thus addressing a key challenge of EVs application in tissue engineering, as well as overcoming the regulatory and cost-effectiveness issues of using live cells. Given that 3D bioprinted EVs combine the regenerative capabilities of both bioprinting and EVs, this perspective explores the existing literature reporting their applications in tissue engineering, which target angiogenesis, osteogenesis, chondrogenesis, myogenesis, and carcinoprevention. Technical challenges and future trends for 3D bioprinted EVs in biofabrication and tissue engineering are examined. Ultimately, a personalized bioprinted EVs concept and a workflow for future bioprinted EVs studies focussed on clinical translation are proposed.
Width determination for deep grooves in dark-field confocal microscopy measurements
Authors: Liu Jian , Jiang Yong , You Xiaoyu , Liu Chenguang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Dark-field confocal microscopy is effectively used for 3D surface and subsurface measurement due to its ability to suppress strong reflected signals from measured surfaces. However, in 3D characterization of microstructure morphology, edge imaging degrades due to the influence of microstructure edge occlusion, so the microstructure edge position cannot be accurately determined. This limitation is serious when dark-field confocal microscopy is used for width determination of deep grooves/step samples. In this paper, a method for determining the width for deep grooves in dark-field confocal microscopy is proposed to determine the edge position with the groove’s lower surface in focus. Experimental results show the width determination method has higher precision compared to conventional 1/4 edge determination, reducing the standard deviation by 57.58%.
Influence of the bath pH value on the microstructure and properties of a novel electrodeposited Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating
Authors: Gao Mengyan , Chen Weiqing , Xiao Qi , Jiang Chang , Wang Xiang , Zhang Xuehui , Liang Tongxiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
According to the previous research, the hardness of Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating is 24.3% higher than that of Ni-W alloy coating without adding Ti3C2TX. Meanwhile, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the composite coating are significantly better than that of Ni-W coating. It is known that the electrodeposition process parameters have a great influence on the performance. The Ni-W-Ti3C2TX composite coating was prepared by the direct current deposition method. The influence of bath pH on the morphology, composition, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and friction resistance of the coating was systematically studied. The results show that the surface morphology of the coating is improved with the increase of pH value. The content of W in the coating decreases from 44.95 wt.% to 12.66 wt.%, and the grain size decreases from 77.1 nm to 8.9 nm. The hardness of the coating increases first and then decreases with the increase of pH under the joint action of fine grain strengthening and solution strengthening. When pH is 9, the corrosion resistance and tribological properties are the best, and the corrosion current density and wear rate are 1.782 × 10−3 mA·cm−2 and 0.865 × 10−6 mm3·n−1·m−1, respectively. A suitable pH value provides excellent surface quality, appropriate grain size and good hardness for the composite coating to show excellent corrosion resistance and friction resistance.
Twisted bilayered graphenes at magic angles and Casimir interactions: correlation-driven effects
Authors: Rodriguez-Lopez Pablo , Le Dai-Nam , Calderón María J , Bascones Elena , Woods Lilia M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Twisted bilayered graphenes (TBGs) at magic angles are systems housing long ranged periodicity of moiré patterns together with short ranged periodicity associated with the individual graphenes. Such materials are a fertile ground for novel states largely driven by electronic correlations. Here we find that the ubiquitous Casimir force can serve as a platform for macroscopic manifestations of the quantum effects stemming from the magic angle bilayered graphenes properties and their phases determined by electronic correlations. By utilizing comprehensive calculations for the electronic and optical response, we find that Casimir torque can probe anisotropy from the Drude conductivities in nematic states, while repulsion in the Casimir force can help identify topologically nontrivial phases in magic angle TBGs.
Effect of induction heating temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of HSLA square tubes
Authors: Wang Yu , Mehari Zelalem Abathun , Wu Junyuan , Han Jingtao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Severe strain hardening, thickness reduction, and large outer corner radius are three typical characteristics in the corner section of cold roll-formed steel. This paper presents a new manufacturing technology called cold and hot composite roll forming to improve the shape and properties in the corner section. In order to study the effect of induction heating temperature, a multi-pass cold and hot composite roll forming experiment for high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) square tubes was carried out under three different heating temperature ranges namely: the non-austenitizing zone, partial austenitizing zone, and austenitizing homogenizing zone. The microstructure and mechanical properties in the corner section of square tubes were studied using the material testing machine, optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results showed that with the increase of induction heating temperature, the geometrical morphology and mechanical properties in the corner section of the cold and hot composite roll-formed square tube were significantly improved. Thus, compared with cold roll-formed square tubes, the corner thickness of cold and hot composite roll-formed square tubes was increased by 59%, the product of strength and elongation was increased by 48%, the outer corner radius was decreased by 91%, and no cracks appeared during the flattening test. Moreover, the proportion of granular bainite in the outer corner section increased, and the grain distortion in the inner corner section was relieved. The experimental results further showed that the austenitizing homogenizing zone was preferable among the three heating temperature ranges to manufacture high-quality HSLA square tubes.
Effect of controlled cooling process on the atmospheric corrosion behaviour of HRB400E hot rolled rebar
Authors: Qian Zhen , Bao Si-qian , Zhang Yong-qing , Qian Xue-hai , Chen Xue-liang , Feng Lei , Li Ming-quan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To address the problem of rusting of reinforcing bars that occurs in industry, the aim is to control the denseness of the iron oxide skin by changing the controlled cooling process without increasing the production cost, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the bars. In this paper, the effect of different cooling control processes on the industrial atmospheric corrosion behaviour of HRB400E hot-rolled rebar was investigated using alternating wet and dry corrosion tests. The morphology and structure of iron oxide on the surface and cross-section of the rebar were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and field emission electron probe microanalysis (EPMA); the corrosion products and electrochemical behaviour of the specimens after alternating wet and dry tests were compared using x-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the hot-rolled rebar without controlled cooling had a dense surface, a thicker iron oxide skin and a tighter bond between the iron oxide skin and the substrate; the corrosion rate of the hot-rolled rebar without controlled cooling was less than that of the rebar with controlled cooling in the alternating wet and dry corrosion tests; the corrosion products mainly consisted of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH and Fe3O4; the self-corrosion potential and rust layer resistance of the hot rolled rebar without controlled cooling after rolling are higher than those of the controlled cooling bars, showing good corrosion resistance.
Improvement of charge collection efficiency of the CdZnTe detectors by decreasing the Te inclusions
Authors: Choi Hyojeong , Park Jeong Min , Chai Jong-Seo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
CdZnTe is a promising material for room-temperature radiation semiconductor detectors. However, their radiation response performance might be deteriorated owing to defects within the material such as Te inclusions. This study employs the Cd thermal annealing process to reduce the size of these Te inclusions. An ampoule containing Cd powder and CdZnTe was sealed under the vacuum conditions of 2.5 × 10−5 Torr for Cd-vapor annealing. Subsequently, the ampoule was annealed at 783 K for 64 h. An IR camera was used to observe the distribution of Te inclusions in the CdZnTe before and after annealing. As a second experiment, NH4F + H2O2 passivation was performed to suppress the increased leakage current due to Cd-vapor annealing. Then an 241Am radioisotope source was used to obtain a radiation response spectrum. The improved charge collection efficiency was about 35%.
A uniqueness property for Bergman functions on the Siegel upper half-space
Authors: Liu Congwen , Si Jiajia , Xu Heng 
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we show that the Bergman functions on the Siegel upper half-space enjoy the following uniqueness property: if

f
∈

A
t
p

(

U

)

f\in A_t^p(\mathcal {U})

and

L

α

f
≡
0

\mathcal {L}^{\alpha } f\equiv 0

for some nonnegative multi-index

α
\alpha

, then

f
≡
0

f\equiv 0

, where

L

α

≔
(

L

1

)

α
1

⋯
(

L

n

)

α
n

\mathcal {L}^{\alpha }≔(\mathcal {L}_1)^{\alpha _1} \cdots (\mathcal {L}_n)^{\alpha _n}

with

L

j

=

∂

∂

z
j

+
2
i

z
¯

j

∂

∂

z
n

\mathcal {L}_j = \frac {\partial }{\partial z_j} + 2i \bar {z}_j \frac {\partial }{\partial z_n}

for

j
=
1
,
…
,
n
−
1

j=1,\ldots , n-1

and

L

n

=

∂

∂

z
n

\mathcal {L}_n = \frac {\partial }{\partial z_n}

. As a consequence, we obtain a new integral representation for the Bergman functions on the Siegel upper half-space. In the end, as an application, we derive a result that relates the Bergman norm to a “derivative norm”, which suggests an alternative definition of the Bloch space and a notion of the Besov spaces over the Siegel upper half-space.
Integrating bioinformatic strategies in spatial life science research
Authors: Hao Yangyang , Lu Liang , Liu Anna , Lin Xue , Xiao Li , Kong Xiaoyue , Li Kai , Liang Fengji , Xiong Jianghui , Qu Lina , Li Yinghui , Li Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs space exploration programs progress, manned space missions will become more frequent and farther away from Earth, putting a greater emphasis on astronaut health. Through the collaborative efforts of researchers from various countries, the effect of the space environment factors on living systems is gradually being uncovered. Although a large number of interconnected research findings have been produced, their connection seems to be confused, and many unknown effects are left to be discovered. Simultaneously, several valuable data resources have emerged, accumulating data measuring biological effects in space that can be used to further investigate the unknown biological adaptations. In this review, the previous findings and their correlations are sorted out to facilitate the understanding of biological adaptations to space and the design of countermeasures. The biological effect measurement methods/data types are also organized to provide references for experimental design and data analysis. To aid deeper exploration of the data resources, we summarized common characteristics of the data generated from longitudinal experiments, outlined challenges or caveats in data analysis and provided corresponding solutions by recommending bioinformatics strategies and available models/tools.
Squid Gameoutside the wall: fandom nationalism in China and negotiation with state power
Authors: Wang Erika Ningxin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the post-COVID era, the prevalence of “fandom nationalism” on Chinese social media has led to the development of two distinct attitudes toward Squid Game among Chinese netizens. Some nationalist netizens are dedicated to accusing Squid Game of plagiarism or dismissing it as a “cultural invasion.” Another group of fans, due to the ever-tightening Chinese Internet governance, use fandom nationalism as a disguise to protect themselves against cyberbullying by declaring an anti-Korean political stance before posting positive comments about Squid Game. Therefore, two such divergent attitudes eventually led to a negotiation between fan culture and state power, where on the one hand fandom nationalistic practices were accepted by the mainstream for party-state propaganda, but on the other, in order to prevent being censored, fan culture had to be subordinated to the state’s governance.
Nosocomial Malaria Transmissions Resolved by Genomic Analyses—A Retrospective Case Report Study in France: 2007–2021
Authors: Coppée Romain , Sarrasin Véronique , Zaffaroulah Rizwana , Bouzayene Azza , Thellier Marc , Noël Harold , Clain Jérôme , Houzé Sandrine ,   the Investigation Study Group, Abgrall Sophie , Alizada Ulviyya , Argy Nicolas , Benet Blandine , Botterel Françoise , Bouetard Laura , Braun François , Broustal Oriane , Brun Sophie , Calba Clementine , Chosidow Anaïs , Damoisel Charles , De suremain Nathalie , Dhote Robin , Eclache-saudreau Virginie , Fenneteau Odile , Figoni Julie , Fremont-goudot Guillemette , Gaudichon Agnès , Gette Sebastien , Goetz Christophe , Guigui Laura , Hamon Christelle , Harich Raya , Hautcoeur Antoine , Jaureguiberry Stéphane , Joste Valentin , Kendjo Eric , Khouadhria Siham , Lepainteur Margaux , Leleu Anaïs , Llorens Mathieu , Lorrot Mathie , Marteau Anthony , de molliens Isabelle Poujol , Quermelin Valérie , szatmary Lydia Raineri di , Renaudin Laurie , Riviere Simon , Robert Céline , Simon Loïc , Siriez Jean-yves , Soualah Santa , Tarantola Arnaud , Tastet Fanny , Vignes Dorothée , Zhu-soubise Aurélien , Zouiti Fouzia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundExposure of blood to malaria parasites can lead to infection even in the absence of the mosquito vector. During a stay in a healthcare facility, accidental inoculation of the skin with blood from a malaria patient might occur, referred to as nosocomial malaria.MethodsBetween 2007 and 2021, we identified 6 autochthonous malaria cases that occurred in different French hospitals, originating from nosocomial transmission and imported malaria cases being the infection source. Four cases were observed during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. The genetic relatedness between source and nosocomial infections was evaluated by genome-wide short tandem repeats (STRs) and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).ResultsNone of the patients with autochthonous malaria had travel history to an endemic area nor had been transfused. For each case, both the source and recipient patients stayed a few hours in the same ward. After diagnosis, autochthonous cases were treated with antimalarials and all recovered except 1. Genetically, each pair of matched source/nosocomial parasite infections showed &lt;1% of different STRs and &lt;6.9% (&lt;1.5% for monoclonal infections) of different SNPs. Similar levels of genetic differences were obtained for parasite DNA samples that were independently sequenced twice as references of identical infections. Parasite phylogenomics were consistent with travel information reported by the source patients.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that genomics analyses may resolve nosocomial malaria transmissions, despite the uncertainty regarding the modes of contamination. Nosocomial transmission of potentially life-threatening parasites should be taken into consideration in settings or occasions where compliance with universal precautions is not rigorous.
Microemboli induced by air bubbles may be deposited in organs as a consequence of contamination during medical care
Authors: Forsberg Ulf , Jonsson Per , Stegmayr Bernd 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundLarger volumes of accidental air infused during medical care may end up as emboli while microbubbles of air are supposed to be absorbed and cause no harm. The aim of this autopsy study was to investigate if microbubbles of air accidently entering the bloodline may be detected as microemboli (ME) in tissue such as lungs, brain and heart. If so, do differences in prevalence exist between haemodialysis (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients.MethodsIncluded were data from 44 patients treated by medical healthcare before death. Twenty-five cases had been treated with chronic HD and 19 cases died from ALS. Since air in the bloodline activates coagulation, ME could appear. To discriminate between microbubbles caused by artificial contamination during autopsy versus microbubbles deposited in vivo, tissues were stained with a polyclonal fluorescent antibody against fibrinogen, fibrin and fragments E and D. Fluorescence staining was used to visualize ME counted within 25 microscopic fields (600×) of a tissue preparation. One tissue preparation was used if available from the lung, heart and frontal lobe of the brain and in five cases also the cerebellum.ResultsMicrobubbles can be verified at autopsy as ME in the lung, heart and brain in tissue from patients exposed to more extensive medical care. There were significantly more ME in the lungs versus the heart or brain. Women had fewer ME than men. The HD group had a higher median of ME per section than the ALS group (lung: 6 versus 3, P = .007; heart: 2.5 versus 1, P = .013; brain: 7.5 versus 2, P = .001) and had more sections with ME findings than the ALS group (P = .002). A correlation existed between the time on HD (months) and ME in the lungs.ConclusionsMore ME were present in HD patients compared with those who suffered from ALS. Minimizing air contamination from syringes, infusions and bloodlines will decrease ME and subsequent tissue injury.
Adaptability of Two Soybean Aphid Species to High Diurnal Temperatures
Authors: Huo Dongbo , Tian Zhenqi , Liu Dailin , Wu Cirui , Wang Ling , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The local temperature in the Harbin region of northeast China has been rising, with temperatures above 27°C often being recorded. The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), are important pests in soybeans in the region, which face great survival pressure due to rising temperatures. In this study, A. glycines and A. solani were reared at thermoperiods with diurnal temperatures of 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, and 37°C, nocturnal temperature of 20 °C, 70% ± 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L: D) hr. Diurnal thermoperiod 25°C was used as control. Some life characteristics of the aphids were assessed. The adaptation of A. solani to high diurnal temperatures was found to be worse than that of A. glycines. Aphis glycines could develop and reproduce successfully at diurnal temperatures of 27–35°C, whereas A. solani could only develop and reproduce at 27–29°C. At diurnal thermoperiods at 25°C, adult lifespan of A. solani was as long as that of A. glycines. When diurnal temperatures increased from 27 to 31°C, adult lifespan of A. solani were shorter than those of A. glycines. At diurnal thermoperiods at 25 and 27°C, the body sizes of A. solani adults were larger than those of A. glycines. At diurnal thermoperiods at 29 and 31°C, the body size of A. solani adults were as large as those of A. glycines. Our results provide important information on the survival, development, and reproduction of A. glycines and A. solani exposed to temperatures above 27°C, which is important for evaluating the adaptability of aphids to high temperatures and predicting their dynamics in soybeans in northeast China, where the local environmental temperature continues to rise.
Jumping the Gun: How Dictators Got Ahead of Their Subjects
Authors: Hariri Jacob Gerner , Wingender Asger Mose 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEconomic modernisation is widely seen as a path to democracy, but the technological progress that drives modernisation also provides rulers with new means of repression. We collect data on the international diffusion of 29 repressive military technologies, and demonstrate that such technologies spread faster from Western Europe and the United States than economic development. Moreover, in a panel of all independent countries in the period 1820–2010, we show that the rapid diffusion of repressive technologies has impeded democratisation around the world, by allowing autocratic rulers to suppress popular resistance against their regimes.
ORal anticoagulation risks late aortic intervention in Conservatively managed type B Aortic dissection (ORCA study)
Authors: Jesse Katarzyna , Meuli Lorenz , Kopp Reinhard , Reutersberg Benedikt , Stadlbauer Thomas , Zimmermann Alexander , Dueppers Philip 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Single-center retrospective cohort study to evaluate the impact of oral anticoagulation (OAC) on long-term outcomes of conservatively managed acute type B aortic dissection.

METHODS
Clinical and morphological data of eligible patients from a high-volume vascular centre from 1 January 2003 through 31 December 2020 were evaluated. Patients were excluded for: type A or non-A-non-B dissection, isolated abdominal dissection, intramural haematoma and connective tissue disease. The primary outcome was freedom from late aortic events (intervention, rupture and mortality). Secondary outcomes included spinal cord ischaemia, bleeding, reno-visceral artery occlusion, ilio-femoral intervention, dissection propagation, aortic growth, aortic remodelling, deterioration of false lumen thrombosis as well as 30-day and overall mortality. Time to event was analysed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with OAC as time-varying covariate and mortality as a competing risk. The impact of OAC was adjusted for potential confounding factors.

RESULTS
A total of 69 patients [50 males, median age 65 (interquartile range: 58–72) years] were enrolled. The median follow-up was 49.3 (28–92) months. A total of 47 patients (68%) received OAC at any time throughout the follow-up for a median length of 26 (11–61) months. Late aortic events occurred in 28 patients (41%) including intervention (n = 27, 39%) and rupture (n = 1, 1%). OAC was associated with more late aortic events (hazard ratio 3.94, 95% confidence interval 1.06–14.6, P = 0.040). Secondary outcomes were not associated with OAC.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest a relation of OAC therapy with an increased risk for late aortic interventions. Type B aortic dissection should not be the primary indication for OAC and patients with OAC for other indications require frequent follow-up imaging.