bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attosecond dynamics of multi-channel single photon ionization
Authors: Peschel Jasper , Busto David , Plach Marius , Bertolino Mattias , Hoflund Maria , Maclot Sylvain , Vinbladh Jimmy , Wikmark Hampus , Zapata Felipe , Lindroth Eva , Gisselbrecht Mathieu , Dahlström Jan Marcus , L’Huillier Anne , Eng-Johnsson Per 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPhotoionization of atoms and molecules is one of the fastest processes in nature. The understanding of the ultrafast temporal dynamics of this process often requires the characterization of the different angular momentum channels over a broad energy range. Using a two-photon interferometry technique based on extreme ultraviolet and infrared ultrashort pulses, we measure the phase and amplitude of the individual angular momentum channels as a function of kinetic energy in the outer-shell photoionization of neon. This allows us to unravel the influence of channel interference as well as the effect of the short-range, Coulomb and centrifugal potentials, on the dynamics of the photoionization process.
Spermidine-mediated hypusination of translation factor EIF5A improves mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and prevents non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression
Authors: Zhou Jin , Pang Jeremy , Tripathi Madhulika , Ho Jia Pei , Widjaja Anissa Anindya , Shekeran Shamini Guna , Cook Stuart Alexander , Suzuki Ayako , Diehl Anna Mae , Petretto Enrico , Singh Brijesh Kumar , Yen Paul Michael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpermidine is a natural polyamine that has health benefits and extends life span in several species. Deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (DOHH) are key enzymes that utilize spermidine to catalyze the post-translational hypusination of the translation factor EIF5A (EIF5AH). Here, we have found that hepaticDOHHmRNA expression is decreased in patients and mice with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatic cells treated with fatty acids. The mouse and cell culture models of NASH have concomitant decreases in Eif5aHand mitochondrial protein synthesis which leads to lower mitochondrial activity and fatty acid β-oxidation. Spermidine treatment restores EIF5AH, partially restores protein synthesis and mitochondrial function in NASH, and prevents NASH progression in vivo. Thus, the disrupted DHPS-DOHH-EIF5AHpathway during NASH represents a therapeutic target to increase hepatic protein synthesis and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and prevent NASH progression.
Interrupted-time-series analysis of the immediate impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on preterm birth in China
Authors: Xie Yanxia , Mu Yi , Chen Peiran , Liu Zheng , Wang Yanping , Li Qi , Li Mingrong , Liang Juan , Zhu Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPreliminary evidence from China and other countries has suggested that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mitigation measures have caused a decline in preterm births, but evidence is conflicting. Utilising a national representative data of 11,714,947 pregnant women in China, we explored the immediate changes in preterm birth rates during the COVID-19 mitigation period using an interrupted-time-series analysis. We defined the period prior to February 1, 2020 as the baseline, followed by the COVID-19 mitigation stage. In the first month of the COVID-19 mitigation, a significant absolute decrease in preterm birth rates of 0.68% (95%CI:−1.10% to −0.26%) in singleton, and of 2.80% (95%CI:−4.51% to −1.09%) in multiple births was noted. This immediate decline in Wuhan was greater than that at the national level among singleton births [−2.21% (95%CI:−4.09% to −0.34% vs. −0.68%)]. Here we report an immediate impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures on preterm birth in China.
Electron-donating amine-interlayer induced n-type doping of polymer:nonfullerene blends for efficient narrowband near-infrared photo-detection
Authors: Liu Quan , Zeiske Stefan , Jiang Xueshi , Desta Derese , Mertens Sigurd , Gielen Sam , Shanivarasanthe Rachith , Boyen Hans-Gerd , Armin Ardalan , Vandewal Koen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInherently narrowband near-infrared organic photodetectors are highly desired for many applications, including biological imaging and surveillance. However, they suffer from a low photon-to-charge conversion efficiencies and utilize spectral narrowing techniques which strongly rely on the used material or on a nano-photonic device architecture. Here, we demonstrate a general and facile approach towards wavelength-selective near-infrared phtotodetection through intentionally n-doping 500–600 nm-thick nonfullerene blends. We show that an electron-donating amine-interlayer can induce n-doping, resulting in a localized electric field near the anode and selective collection of photo-generated carriers in this region. As only weakly absorbed photons reach this region, the devices have a narrowband response at wavelengths close to the absorption onset of the blends with a high spectral rejection ratio. These spectrally selective photodetectors exhibit zero-bias external quantum efficiencies of ~20–30% at wavelengths of 900–1100 nm, with a full-width-at-half-maximum of ≤50 nm, as well as detectivities of >1012 Jones.
Stereoretentive cross-coupling of chiral amino acid chlorides and hydrocarbons through mechanistically controlled Ni/Ir photoredox catalysis
Authors: Lee Geun Seok , Park Beomsoon , Hong Soon Hyeok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe direct modification of naturally occurring chiral amino acids to their amino ketone analogs is a significant synthetic challenge. Here, an efficient and robust cross-coupling reaction between chiral amino acid chlorides and unactivated C(sp3)–H hydrocarbons is achieved by a mechanistically designed Ni/Ir photoredox catalysis. This reaction, which proceeds under mild conditions, enables modular access to a wide variety of chiral amino ketones that retain the stereochemistry of the starting amino acids. In-depth mechanistic analysis reveals that the strategic generation of an N-acyllutidinium intermediate is critical for the success of this reaction. The barrierless reduction of the N-acyllutidinium intermediate facilitates the delivery of chiral amino ketones with retention of stereochemistry. This pathway avoids the formation of a detrimental nickel intermediate, which could be responsible for undesirable decarbonylation and transmetalation reactions that limit the utility of previously reported methods.
Self-sorting in macroscopic supramolecular self-assembly via additive effects of capillary and magnetic forces
Authors: Tan Minghui , Tian Pan , Zhang Qian , Zhu Guiqiang , Liu Yuchen , Cheng Mengjiao , Shi Feng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSupramolecular self-assembly of μm-to-mm sized components is essential to construct complex supramolecular systems. However, the selective assembly to form designated structures at this length scale is challenging because the short-ranged molecular recognition could hardly direct the assembly of macroscopic components. Here we demonstrate a self-sorting mechanism to automatically identify the surface chemistry of μm-to-mm components (A: polycations; B: polyanions) based on the A-B attraction and the A-A repulsion, which is realized by the additivity and the competence between long-ranged magnetic/capillary forces, respectively. Mechanistic studies of the correlation between the magnetic/capillary forces and the interactive distance have revealed the energy landscape of each assembly pattern to support the self-sorting results. By applying this mechanism, the assembly yield of ABA trimers has been increased from 30%~40% under conventional conditions to 100% with self-sorting. Moreover, we have demonstrated rapid and spontaneous self-assembly of advanced chain-like structures with alternate surface chemistry.
Identification of risk loci for primary aldosteronism in genome-wide association studies
Authors: Le Floch Edith , Cosentino Teresa , Larsen Casper K. , Beuschlein Felix , Reincke Martin , Amar Laurence , Rossi Gian-Paolo , De Sousa Kelly , Baron Stéphanie , Chantalat Sophie , Saintpierre Benjamin , Lenzini Livia , Frouin Arthur , Giscos-Douriez Isabelle , Ferey Matthis , Abdellatif Alaa B. , Meatchi Tchao , Empana Jean-Philippe , Jouven Xavier , Gieger Christian , Waldenberger Melanie , Peters Annette , Cusi Daniele , Salvi Erika , Meneton Pierre , Touvier Mathilde , Deschasaux Mélanie , Druesne-Pecollo Nathalie , Boulkroun Sheerazed , Fernandes-Rosa Fabio L. , Deleuze Jean-François , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Zennaro Maria-Christina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism affects up to 10% of hypertensive patients and is responsible for treatment resistance and increased cardiovascular risk. Here we perform a genome-wide association study in a discovery cohort of 562 cases and 950 controls and identify three main loci on chromosomes 1, 13 and X; associations on chromosome 1 and 13 are replicated in a second cohort and confirmed by a meta-analysis involving 1162 cases and 3296 controls. The association on chromosome 13 is specific to men and stronger in bilateral adrenal hyperplasia than aldosterone producing adenoma. Candidate genes located within the two loci, CASZ1 and RXFP2, are expressed in human and mouse adrenals in different cell clusters. Their overexpression in adrenocortical cells suppresses mineralocorticoid output under basal and stimulated conditions, without affecting cortisol biosynthesis. Our study identifies the first risk loci for primary aldosteronism and highlights new mechanisms for the development of aldosterone excess.
Expanding the terpene biosynthetic code with non-canonical 16 carbon atom building blocks
Authors: Ignea Codruta , Raadam Morten H. , Koutsaviti Aikaterini , Zhao Yong , Duan Yao-Tao , Harizani Maria , Miettinen Karel , Georgantea Panagiota , Rosenfeldt Mads , Viejo-Ledesma Sara E. , Petersen Mikael A. , Bredie Wender L. P. , Staerk Dan , Roussis Vassilios , Ioannou Efstathia , Kampranis Sotirios C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHumankind relies on specialized metabolites for medicines, flavors, fragrances, and numerous other valuable biomaterials. However, the chemical space occupied by specialized metabolites, and, thus, their application potential, is limited because their biosynthesis is based on only a handful of building blocks. Engineering organisms to synthesize alternative building blocks will bypass this limitation and enable the sustainable production of molecules with non-canonical chemical structures, expanding the possible applications. Herein, we focus on isoprenoids and combine synthetic biology with protein engineering to construct yeast cells that synthesize 10 non-canonical isoprenoid building blocks with 16 carbon atoms. We identify suitable terpene synthases to convert these building blocks into C16 scaffolds and a cytochrome P450 to decorate the terpene scaffolds and produce different oxygenated compounds. Thus, we reconstruct the modular structure of terpene biosynthesis on 16-carbon backbones, synthesizing 28 different non-canonical terpenes, some of which have interesting odorant properties.
The genus Serratia revisited by genomics
Authors: Williams David J. , Grimont Patrick A. D. , Cazares Adrián , Grimont Francine , Ageron Elisabeth , Pettigrew Kerry A. , Cazares Daniel , Njamkepo Elisabeth , Weill François-Xavier , Heinz Eva , Holden Matthew T. G. , Thomson Nicholas R. , Coulthurst Sarah J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe genusSerratiahas been studied for over a century and includes clinically-important and diverse environmental members. Despite this, there is a paucity of genomic information across the genus and a robust whole genome-based phylogenetic framework is lacking. Here, we have assembled and analysed a representative set of 664 genomes from across the genus, including 215 historic isolates originally used in defining the genus. Phylogenomic analysis of the genus reveals a clearly-defined population structure which displays deep divisions and aligns with ecological niche, as well as striking congruence between historical biochemical phenotyping data and contemporary genomics data. We highlight the genomic, phenotypic and plasmid diversity ofSerratia, and provide evidence of different patterns of gene flow across the genus. Our work provides a framework for understanding the emergence of clinical and other lineages ofSerratia.
Electronic modulation of metal-support interactions improves polypropylene hydrogenolysis over ruthenium catalysts
Authors: Kots Pavel A. , Xie Tianjun , Vance Brandon C. , Quinn Caitlin M. , de Mello Matheus Dorneles , Boscoboinik J. Anibal , Wang Cong , Kumar Pawan , Stach Eric A. , Marinkovic Nebojsa S. , Ma Lu , Ehrlich Steven N. , Vlachos Dionisios G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRuthenium (Ru) is the one of the most promising catalysts for polyolefin hydrogenolysis. Its performance varies widely with the support, but the reasons remain unknown. Here, we introduce a simple synthetic strategy (using ammonia as a modulator) to tune metal-support interactions and apply it to Ru deposited on titania (TiO2). We demonstrate that combining deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with temperature variation and density functional theory can reveal the complex nature, binding strength, and H amount. H2 activation occurs heterolytically, leading to a hydride on Ru, an H+ on the nearest oxygen, and a partially positively charged Ru. This leads to partial reduction of TiO2 and high coverages of H for spillover, showcasing a threefold increase in hydrogenolysis rates. This result points to the key role of the surface hydrogen coverage in improving hydrogenolysis catalyst performance.
Determination of topological edge quantum numbers of fractional quantum Hall phases by thermal conductance measurements
Authors: Srivastav Saurabh Kumar , Kumar Ravi , Spånslätt Christian , Watanabe K. , Taniguchi T. , Mirlin Alexander D. , Gefen Yuval , Das Anindya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo determine the topological quantum numbers of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states hosting counter-propagating (CP) downstream (Nd) and upstream (Nu) edge modes, it is pivotal to study quantized transport both in the presence and absence of edge mode equilibration. While reaching the non-equilibrated regime is challenging for charge transport, we target here the thermal Hall conductance GQ, which is purely governed by edge quantum numbers Nd and Nu. Our experimental setup is realized with a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulated graphite gated single layer graphene device. For temperatures up to 35 mK, our measured GQ at ν = 2/3 and 3/5 (with CP modes) match the quantized values of non-equilibrated regime (Nd + Nu)κ0T, where κ0T is a quanta of GQ. With increasing temperature, GQ decreases and eventually takes the value of the equilibrated regime ∣Nd − Nu∣κ0T. By contrast, at ν = 1/3 and 2/5 (without CP modes), GQ remains robustly quantized at Ndκ0T independent of the temperature. Thus, measuring the quantized values of GQ in two regimes, we determine the edge quantum numbers, which opens a new route for finding the topological order of exotic non-Abelian FQH states.
Suppression of ACE2 SUMOylation protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection through TOLLIP-mediated selective autophagy
Authors: Jin Shouheng , He Xing , Ma Ling , Zhuang Zhen , Wang Yiliang , Lin Meng , Cai Sihui , Wei Lu , Wang Zheyu , Zhao Zhiyao , Wu Yaoxing , Sun Lin , Li Chunwei , Xie Weihong , Zhao Yong , Songyang Zhou , Peng Ke , Zhao Jincun , Cui Jun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn addition to investigating the virology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), discovering the host–virus dependencies are essential to identify and design effective antiviral therapy strategy. Here, we report that the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, ACE2, conjugates with small ubiquitin-like modifier 3 (SUMO3) and provide evidence indicating that prevention of ACE2 SUMOylation can block SARS-CoV-2 infection. E3 SUMO ligase PIAS4 prompts the SUMOylation and stabilization of ACE2, whereas deSUMOylation enzyme SENP3 reverses this process. Conjugation of SUMO3 with ACE2 at lysine (K) 187 hampers the K48-linked ubiquitination of ACE2, thus suppressing its subsequent cargo receptor TOLLIP-dependent autophagic degradation. TOLLIP deficiency results in the stabilization of ACE2 and elevated SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, our findings suggest selective autophagic degradation of ACE2 orchestrated by SUMOylation and ubiquitination as a potential way to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Taz protects hematopoietic stem cells from an aging-dependent decrease in PU.1 activity
Authors: Kim Kyung Mok , Mura-Meszaros Anna , Tollot Marie , Krishnan Murali Shyam , Gründl Marco , Neubert Laura , Groth Marco , Rodriguez-Fraticelli Alejo , Svendsen Arthur Flohr , Campaner Stefano , Andreas Nico , Kamradt Thomas , Hoffmann Steve , Camargo Fernando D. , Heidel Florian H. , Bystrykh Leonid V. , de Haan Gerald , von Eyss Björn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSpecific functions of the immune system are essential to protect us from infections caused by pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. However, as we age, the immune system shows a functional decline that can be attributed in large part to age-associated defects in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs)—the cells at the apex of the immune cell hierarchy. Here, we find that the Hippo pathway coactivator TAZ is potently induced in old HSCs and protects these cells from functional decline. We identify Clca3a1 as a TAZ-induced gene that allows us to trace TAZ activity in vivo. Using CLCA3A1 as a marker, we can isolate “young-like” HSCs from old mice. Mechanistically, Taz acts as coactivator of PU.1 and to some extent counteracts the gradual loss of PU.1 expression during HSC aging. Our work thus uncovers an essential role for Taz in a previously undescribed fail-safe mechanism in aging HSCs.
Cooperative-effect-induced one-way steering in open cavity magnonics
Authors: Guan Si-Yu , Wang Hong-Fu , Yi Xuexi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe propose to generate and control stationary one-way steering with strong entanglement between photon and magnon modes by the cooperative effect of coherent coupling and dissipative coupling. Due to the combination of two couplings, the system becomes a parity-time-like symmetric non-Hermitian system, and two exceptional points (EPs)-like appear in the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalues. We demonstrate that the especially obvious quantum entanglement and perfect one-way steering can be obtained around two EPs-like. The continuous variable entanglement and steering produced by this cooperative effect show stronger robustness to environment temperature and system dissipation than that induced by nonlinearity. The one-way steering directivity can be controlled by the relative phase of cooperative dissipation and the frequency detuning of the magnon mode. Our work shows the controllability advantage of the open cavity magnonic system and may open up a platform for the generation of stationary one-way steering.
Harnessing conserved signaling and metabolic pathways to enhance the maturation of functional engineered tissues
Authors: Callaghan Neal I. , Durland Lauren J. , Ireland Ronald G. , Santerre J. Paul , Simmons Craig A. , Davenport Huyer Locke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe development of induced-pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell types offers promise for basic science, drug testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine, and translatable cell therapies across many tissue types. However, in practice many iPSC-derived cells have presented as immature in physiological function, and despite efforts to recapitulate adult maturity, most have yet to meet the necessary benchmarks for the intended tissues. Here, we summarize the available state of knowledge surrounding the physiological mechanisms underlying cell maturation in several key tissues. Common signaling consolidators, as well as potential synergies between critical signaling pathways are explored. Finally, current practices in physiologically relevant tissue engineering and experimental design are critically examined, with the goal of integrating greater decision paradigms and frameworks towards achieving efficient maturation strategies, which in turn may produce higher-valued iPSC-derived tissues.
Production of scaffold-free cell-based meat using cell sheet technology
Authors: Tanaka Ryu-ichiro , Sakaguchi Katsuhisa , Yoshida Azumi , Takahashi Hironobu , Haraguchi Yuji , Shimizu Tatsuya 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the production of cell-based meat, it is desirable to reduce animal-derived materials as much as possible to meet the challenges of sustainability. Here, we demonstrate the “cell sheet-based meat”: scaffold-free cell-based meat using cell sheet technology and characterize its texture and nutrients. Bovine myoblast cell sheets were prepared using temperature-responsive culture dishes (TRCDs) and 10 stacked cell sheets to fabricate three-dimensional tissue of 1.3–2.7 mm thickness. Hardness was increased by incubation on the TRCD and was further increased by boiling as is characteristic of natural meat. The wet weight percentage of total protein in the cell sheet was about half that of beef. In this method, large-sized items of cell sheet-based meat were also created by simply scaling up the TRCD. This method promises an environment-friendly food product.
A rodent obstacle course procedure controls delivery of enrichment and enhances complex cognitive functions
Authors: Gattas Sandra , Collett Heather A. , Huff Andrew E. , Creighton Samantha D. , Weber Siobhon E. , Buckhalter Shoshana S. , Manning Silas A. , Ryait Hardeep S. , McNaughton Bruce L. , Winters Boyer D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEnrichment in rodents affects brain structure, improves behavioral performance, and is neuroprotective. Similarly, in humans, according to the cognitive reserve concept, enriched experience is functionally protective against neuropathology. Despite this parallel, the ability to translate rodent studies to human clinical situations is limited. This limitation is likely due to the simple cognitive processes probed in rodent studies and the inability to control, with existing methods, the degree of rodent engagement with enrichment material. We overcome these two difficulties with behavioral tasks that probe, in a fine-grained manner, aspects of higher-order cognition associated with deterioration with aging and dementia, and a new enrichment protocol, the ‘Obstacle Course’ (OC), which enables controlled enrichment delivery, respectively. Together, these two advancements will enable better specification (and comparisons) of the nature of impairments in animal models of complex mental disorders and the potential for remediation from various types of intervention (e.g., enrichment, drugs). We found that two months of OC enrichment produced substantial and sustained enhancements in categorization memory, perceptual object invariance, and cross-modal sensory integration in mice. We also tested mice on behavioral tasks previously shown to benefit from traditional enrichment: spontaneous object recognition, object location memory, and pairwise visual discrimination. OC enrichment improved performance relative to standard housing on all six tasks and was in most cases superior to conventional home-cage enrichment and exercise track groups.