bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The acetylome of adult mouse sciatic nerve
Authors: Shen Mi , Chen Zixin , Ming Mengru , Cheng Zhenghui , Sun Junjie , Liang Qingyun , Shang Tongxin , Zhang Qi , Zhou Songlin , Ji Yuhua , Ding Fei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLysine acetylation is a reversible post‐translational modification (PTM) involved in multiple physiological functions. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of protein acetylation in modulating the biology of Schwann cells (SCs) and regeneration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). However, the mechanisms underlying these processes remain partially understood. Here, we characterized the acetylome of the mouse sciatic nerve (SN) and investigated the cellular distribution of acetylated proteins. We identified 483 acetylated proteins containing 1442 acetylation modification sites in the SN of adult C57BL/6 mice. Bioinformatics suggested that these acetylated SN proteins were mainly located in the myelin sheath, mitochondrial inner membrane, and cytoskeleton, and highlighted the significant differences between the mouse SN and brain acetylome. Manual annotation further indicated that most acetylated proteins (> 45%) were associated with mitochondria, energy metabolism, and cytoskeleton and cell adhesion. We verified three newly discovered acetylation‐modified proteins, including neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL), neurofilament medium/high polypeptide (NFM/H), and periaxin (PRX). Immunofluorescence illustrated that the acetylated proteins, including acetylated alpha‐tubulin, were mainly co‐localized with S100‐positive SCs. Herein, we provided a comprehensive acetylome for the mouse SN and demonstrated that acetylated proteins in the SN were predominantly located in SCs. These results will extend our understanding and promote further study of the role and mechanism of protein acetylation in SC development and PNS regeneration.image
How parole boards judge remorse: Relational legal consciousness and the reproduction of carceral logic
Authors: Young Kathryne M. , Chimowitz Hannah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne in seven people in prison in the US is serving a life sentence, and most of these “lifers” will someday be eligible for discretionary parole. But little is known about a key aspect of parole decision-making: remorse assessments. Because remorse is a complex emotion that arises from past wrongdoing and unfolds over time, assessing the sincerity of another person's remorse is neither a simple task of lie detection, nor of determining emotional authenticity. Instead, remorse involves numerous elements, including the relationship between a person's past and present motivations, beliefs, and affective states. To understand how parole board members make sense of remorse, we draw on in-depth interviews with parole commissioners in California, the state with the largest proportion of parole-eligible lifers. We find that commissioners' remorse assessments hinge on their perceptions of lifers' relationships to law and carceral logic. In this way, relational legal consciousness—specifically, second-order legal consciousness—functions as a stand-in for the impossible task of knowing another person's heart or mind. We distinguish relational from second-order legal consciousness and argue that understanding how they operate at parole hearings reveals the larger import of relational legal consciousness as a mechanism via which existing power relations are produced and reproduced, bridging the legal consciousness and law and emotion literatures.
Phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate: a key determinant of plasma membrane identity and function in plants
Authors: Marković Vedrana , Jaillais Yvon 
Published: May 2022

SummaryPhosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate (PI4P) is an anionic phospholipid which has been described as a master regulator of the Golgi apparatus in eukaryotic cells. However, recent evidence suggests that PI4P mainly accumulates at the plasma membrane in all plant cells analyzed so far. In addition, many functions that are typically attributed to phosphatidylinositol 4,5‐bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) in animal and yeast cells are also supported by PI4P in plants. For example, PI4P is the key anionic lipid that powers the strong electrostatic properties of the plasma membrane. Phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate is also required for the establishment of stable membrane contacts between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane, for exocytosis and to support signaling pathways. Thus, we propose that PI4P has a prominent role in specifying the identity of the plasma membrane and in supporting some of its key functions and should be considered a hallmark lipid of this compartment.
Supplemental Material: Geophysical extent of the Wyoming Province, western USA: Insights into ancient subduction and craton stability
Authors: Bedrosian Paul A. , Frost Carol D. 
Published: May 2022

<p>(1) A published compilation of U-Pb zircon, monazite, titanite and baddeleyite age determinations of igneous and metamorphic rocks from the WP and adjacent areas. This compilation is provided as both an Excel spreadsheet (B36417_SuppMat1.xls) and shapefile (B36417_SuppMat1.zip). (2) A compilation of published magnetotelluric studies over known suture zones (B36417_SuppMat2.xls). (3) A report and spreadsheet (B36417_SuppMat3.xls) documenting a newly reported U-Pb zircon age on gneiss sample 04SP-QF from the Wind River Range, Wyoming. (4) Figures summarizing the data fit of the final 3-D resistivity model. </p>
Novel treatments in B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas
Authors: Sawalha Yazeed , Maddocks Kami 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe improved understanding of lymphoma biology and recent advances in the field of cancer immunology have paved the way for the development of many effective small molecule inhibitors and immunotherapies in B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. This article reviews novel treatments that have been approved recently by the US Food and Drug Administration and are now routinely used in clinical practice. It discusses their mechanisms of action, efficacy and safety, current therapeutic roles, and future directions in the treatment paradigm of different types of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It also reviews other exciting novel treatments that are not yet approved but have unique mechanisms of action and have shown encouraging early results.
Risks of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding after covid-19: nationwide self-controlled cases series and matched cohort study
Authors: Katsoularis Ioannis , Fonseca-Rodríguez Osvaldo , Farrington Paddy , Jerndal Hanna , Lundevaller Erling Häggström , Sund Malin , Lindmark Krister , Fors Connolly Anne-Marie 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo quantify the risk of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding after covid-19.DesignSelf-controlled case series and matched cohort study.SettingNational registries in Sweden.Participants1 057 174 people who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 February 2020 and 25 May 2021 in Sweden, matched on age, sex, and county of residence to 4 076 342 control participants.Main outcomes measuresSelf-controlled case series and conditional Poisson regression were used to determine the incidence rate ratio and risk ratio with corresponding 95% confidence intervals for a first deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or bleeding event. In the self-controlled case series, the incidence rate ratios for first time outcomes after covid-19 were determined using set time intervals and the spline model. The risk ratios for first time and all events were determined during days 1-30 after covid-19 or index date using the matched cohort study, and adjusting for potential confounders (comorbidities, cancer, surgery, long term anticoagulation treatment, previous venous thromboembolism, or previous bleeding event).ResultsCompared with the control period, incidence rate ratios were significantly increased 70 days after covid-19 for deep vein thrombosis, 110 days for pulmonary embolism, and 60 days for bleeding. In particular, incidence rate ratios for a first pulmonary embolism were 36.17 (95% confidence interval 31.55 to 41.47) during the first week after covid-19 and 46.40 (40.61 to 53.02) during the second week. Incidence rate ratios during days 1-30 after covid-19 were 5.90 (5.12 to 6.80) for deep vein thrombosis, 31.59 (27.99 to 35.63) for pulmonary embolism, and 2.48 (2.30 to 2.68) for bleeding. Similarly, the risk ratios during days 1-30 after covid-19 were 4.98 (4.96 to 5.01) for deep vein thrombosis, 33.05 (32.8 to 33.3) for pulmonary embolism, and 1.88 (1.71 to 2.07) for bleeding, after adjusting for the effect of potential confounders. The rate ratios were highest in patients with critical covid-19 and highest during the first pandemic wave in Sweden compared with the second and third waves. In the same period, the absolute risk among patients with covid-19 was 0.039% (401 events) for deep vein thrombosis, 0.17% (1761 events) for pulmonary embolism, and 0.101% (1002 events) for bleeding.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that covid-19 is a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and bleeding. These results could impact recommendations on diagnostic and prophylactic strategies against venous thromboembolism after covid-19.
How conflicts of interest hinder effective regulation of healthcare: an analysis of antimicrobial use regulation in Cambodia, Indonesia and Pakistan
Authors: Khan Mishal , Rahman-Shepherd Afifah , Bory Sothavireak , Chhorn Sophea , Durrance-Bagale Anna , Hasan Rumina , Heng Sotheara , Phou Socheata , Prien Chanra , Probandari Ari , Saphonn Vonthanak , Suy Sovanthida , Wiseman Virginia , Wulandari Luh Putu Lila , Hanefeld Johanna 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThere has been insufficient attention to a fundamental force shaping healthcare policies—conflicts of interest (COI). We investigated COI, which results in the professional judgement of a policymaker or healthcare provider being compromised by a secondary interest, in relation to antimicrobial use, thereby illuminating challenges to the regulation of medicines use more broadly. Our objectives were to characterise connections between three groups—policymakers, healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies—that can create COI, and elucidate the impacts of COI on stages of the policy process.MethodsUsing an interpretive approach, we systematically analysed qualitative data from 136 in-depth interviews and five focus group discussions in three Asian countries with dominant private healthcare sectors: Cambodia, Indonesia and Pakistan.FindingsWe characterised four types of connections that were pervasive between the three groups: financial, political, social and familial. These connections created strong COI that could impact all stages of the policy process by: preventing issues related to medicines sales from featuring prominently on the agenda; influencing policy formulation towards softer regulatory measures; determining resource availability for, and opposition to, policy implementation; and shaping how accurately the success of contested policies is reported.InterpretationOur multicountry study fills a gap in empirical evidence on how COI can impede effective policies to improve the quality of healthcare. It shows that COI can be pervasive, rather than sporadic, in influencing regulation of medicine use, and highlights that, in addition to financial connections, other types of connections should be examined as important drivers of COI.
Medical negligence claims and the health and life satisfaction of Australian doctors: a prospective cohort analysis of the MABEL survey
Authors: Bradfield Owen M , Bismark Marie , Scott Anthony , Spittal Matthew 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the association between medical negligence claims and doctors’ self-rated health and life satisfaction.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsRegistered doctors practising in Australia who participated in waves 4 to 11 of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal survey between 2011 and 2018.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction.ResultsOf the 15 105 doctors in the study, 885 reported being named in a medical negligence claim. Fixed-effects linear regression analysis showed that both self-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction declined for all doctors over the course of the MABEL survey, with no association between wave and being sued. However, being sued was not associated with any additional declines in self-rated health (coef.=−0.02, 95% CI −0.06 to 0.02, p=0.39) or self-rated life satisfaction (coef.=−0.01, 95% CI −0.08 to 0.07, p=0.91) after controlling for a range of job factors. Instead, we found that working conditions and job satisfaction were the strongest predictors of self-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction in sued doctors. In analyses restricted to doctors who were sued, we observed no changes in self-rated health (p=0.99) or self-rated life satisfaction (p=0.59) in the years immediately following a claim.ConclusionsIn contrast to prior overseas cross-sectional survey studies, we show that medical negligence claims do not adversely affect the well-being of doctors in Australia when adjusting for time trends and previously established covariates. This may be because: (1) prior studies failed to adequately address issues of causation and confounding; or (2) legal processes governing medical negligence claims in Australia cause less distress compared with those in other jurisdictions. Our findings suggest that the interaction between medical negligence claims and poor doctors’ health is more complex than revealed through previous studies.
Pandemic impact on patients with advanced non-COVID-19 illness and their family carers receiving specialised palliative home care: a qualitative study
Authors: Nyblom Stina , Benkel Inger , Carling Linnéa , Löfdahl Elisabet , Molander Ulla , Öhlén Joakim 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the experiential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with non-COVID, life-threatening disease and their family carers.DesignAn interpretative qualitative design informed by phenomenological hermeneutics and based on data from in-depth interviews, performed between June and September 2020.SettingPatients receiving specialised palliative home care and their family carers living in Sweden.Participants22 patients (male/female 11/11) and 17 carers (male/female 5/12) aged 50 years and older. All the patients received specialised palliative home care and most were diagnosed with cancer. Inclusion criteria: aged 18 years or older, diagnosed with an incurable life-threatening, non-COVID disease, sufficient strength to participate and capacity to provide informed consent. Participants were selected through a combination of convenient and consecutive sampling.ResultsThe significance of the pandemic for both patients and carers showed a continuum from being minimally affected in comparison to the severe underlying disease to living in isolation with constant fear of becoming infected and falling ill with COVID-19, which some likened to torture.The imposed restrictions on social contact due to the pandemic were particularly palpable for this group of people with a non-COVID-19, life-limiting condition, as it was said to steal valuable moments of time that had already been measured.Most patients and carers found access to specialised palliative home care was maintained despite the pandemic. This care was of paramount importance for their sense of security and was often their sole visiting social contact.ConclusionsIn the pandemic situation, highly accessible support from healthcare and social care at home is particularly important to create security for both patients and carers. Thus, to provide appropriate support, it is important for healthcare and social care personnel to be aware of the great diversity of reactions patients in palliative care and their carers may have to a pandemic threat.
Prior AICAR induces elevated glucose uptake concomitant with greater γ3-AMPK activation and reduced membrane cholesterol in skeletal muscle from 26-month-old rats
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Zheng Amy , Arias Edward B. , Cartee Gregory D. 
Published: May 2022

Attenuated skeletal muscle glucose uptake (GU) has been observed with advancing age. It is important to elucidate the mechanisms linked to interventions that oppose this detrimental outcome. Earlier research using young rodents and (or) cultured myocytes reported that treatment with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR; an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator) can increase γ3-AMPK activity and reduce membrane cholesterol content, each of which has been proposed to elevate GU. However, the effect of AICAR treatment on γ3-AMPK activity and membrane cholesterol in skeletal muscle of aged animals has not been reported. Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of AICAR treatment on these potential mechanisms for enhanced glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle of aged animals. Epitrochlearis muscles from 26–27-month-old male rats were isolated and incubated ± AICAR, followed by 3 h incubation without AICAR, and then incubation with 3- O-methyl-[3 H] glucose (to assess GU ± insulin). Muscles were also analyzed for γ3-AMPK activity and membrane cholesterol content. Prior AICAR treatment led to increased γ3-AMPK activity, reduced membrane cholesterol content, and enhanced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle from aged rats. These observations revealed that two potential mechanisms for greater GU previously observed in younger animals and (or) cell models are also potentially relevant for enhanced GU by muscles from older animals.
P2RX7 Enhances Tumor Control by CD8+ T Cells in Adoptive Cell Therapy
Authors: Wanhainen Kelsey M. , Peng Changwei , Zhou Maggie H. , Macedo Bruna de Gois , O'Flanagan Stephen , Yang Tingyuan , Kelekar Ameeta , Burbach Brandon J. , Borges da Silva Henrique , Jameson Stephen C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Expression of the purinergic receptor P2RX7 by CD8+ T cells promotes the generation of memory populations following acute infections. However, data suggest that P2RX7 may limit the efficacy of antitumor responses. Herein, we show that P2RX7 is beneficial for optimal melanoma control in a mouse CD8+ T-cell adoptive transfer model. Tumor-specific P2rx7–/– CD8+ T cells exhibited impaired mitochondrial maintenance and function but did not display signs of overt exhaustion early in the antitumor response. However, as the tumor burden increased, the relative frequency of P2RX7-deficient CD8+ T cells declined within the tumor; this correlated with reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Extending these studies, we found that the transient in vitro stimulation of P2RX7 using the ATP analogue BzATP led to enhanced B16 melanoma control by CD8+ T cells. These findings are in keeping with the concept that extracellular ATP (eATP) sensing by P2RX7 on CD8+ T cells is required for their ability to efficiently eliminate tumors by promoting mitochondrial fitness and underscore the potential for P2RX7 stimulation as a novel therapeutic treatment to enhance tumor immunotherapy.
Ghostbusting Fascism?
Authors: Griffin Roger 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article seeks to exorcise some of fascism’s more haunting taxonomic horrors by focusing on the multiple ‘phantasmagorical’ aspects of comparative fascist studies which thwart attempts to achieve definitive resolutions of such nebulous and contested issues as its relationship to the radical right. It first considers the lasting traumatic effect on collective memories resulting from the catastrophic scale of inhumanity and casualties generated by the Third Reich and the war needed to destroy it. It argues that the dark psychological shadow cast by World War II, along with Marxist essentialism and the speculative component of all conceptualization, has made mapping the relationship between fascism and the contemporary radical right particularly fraught not just with ideological controversy but even subliminal psychological factors that subvert objectivity. It then suggests how the difficulties such issues pose to modelling the relationship can be overcome by the consistent application of widely agreed ideal types of the key phenomena to establish the intricacies of fascism’s morphological adaptation to postwar realities and its often subtle interactions with new non-fascist forms of right. On this basis a complex but comprehensible and heuristically researchable relationship between fascism and the radical right looms into view which is spectral in a sense that owes more to natural science than the supernatural.
Code Critical Airway: A Collaborative Solution to a Catastrophic Problem
Authors: Himmler Amber , Mcdermott Chelsea , Martucci Jordan , Rhoades Emily , Trankiem Christine T. , Johnson Laura S. 
Published: May 2022

Background In 2006, a multi-disciplinary “Code Critical Airway” (CCA) Team was created at our institution. The objective of this study is to examine the demographics and outcomes of the patients for whom a CCA is activated. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of patients for whom a CCA was activated from 2008-2020. Data from 2006-2008 was not available due to timing of the implementation of the hospital’s electronic medical record system. The early period of the experience with CCAs (2008-2014) was compared to the later period (2015-2020) CCA activations. Results There were 953 CCA activations. Over time, there was a statistically significantly increase in the number of CCA activations. CCAs occurred in the emergency department in 274 (29.0%), intensive care unit in 255 (27.0%), step-down unit in 60 (6.4%), wards in 294 (31.1%), and elsewhere in 61 (6.5%) cases. CCAs were managed with direct laryngoscopy in 97 patients (10.2%), video laryngoscope in 160 patients (16.8%), fiberoptic bronchoscopy in 179 patients (18.8%), bougie in 7 patient (0.7%), replacement of a prior tracheostomy in 262 patients (27.5%), and creation of a new surgical airway in 95 patients (10.0%). The definitive management of the CCA was not recorded in 76 patients (8.0%). Seven patients required removal of a foreign body (0.7%). There was no intervention in 70 patients (7.3%). There was an increase in successful first attempts at obtaining an airway comparing our experience in the early period (2008-2014) compared to the later period (2015-2020) (P < 0 .001). There was also a decrease in number of CCAs requiring a surgical airway (P = .030). Conclusion Inculcation of aggressive early escalation of airway emergencies through implementation of a CCA Team has resulted in significant improvement in first attempt airway stabilization and a decrease in surgical airways.