bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An advanced computational intelligent framework to predict shear sonic velocity with application to mechanical rock classification
Authors: Safaei-Farouji Majid , Hasannezhad Meysam , Rahimzadeh Kivi Iman , Hemmati-Sarapardeh Abdolhossein 
Published: April 2022

AbstractShear sonic wave velocity (Vs) has a wide variety of implications, from reservoir management and development to geomechanical and geophysical studies. In the current study, two approaches were adopted to predict shear sonic wave velocities (Vs) from several petrophysical well logs, including gamma ray (GR), density (RHOB), neutron (NPHI), and compressional sonic wave velocity (Vp). For this purpose, five intelligent models of random forest (RF), extra tree (ET), Gaussian process regression (GPR), and the integration of adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with differential evolution (DE) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) optimizers were implemented. In the first approach, the target was estimated based only on Vp, and the second scenario predicted Vs from the integration of Vp, GR, RHOB, and NPHI inputs. In each scenario, 8061 data points belonging to an oilfield located in the southwest of Iran were investigated. The ET model showed a lower average absolute percent relative error (AAPRE) compared to other models for both approaches. Considering the first approach in which the Vp was the only input, the obtained AAPRE values for RF, ET, GPR, ANFIS + DE, and ANFIS + ICA models are 1.54%, 1.34%, 1.54%, 1.56%, and 1.57%, respectively. In the second scenario, the achieved AAPRE values for RF, ET, GPR, ANFIS + DE, and ANFIS + ICA models are 1.25%, 1.03%, 1.16%, 1.63%, and 1.49%, respectively. The Williams plot proved the validity of both one-input and four-inputs ET model. Regarding the ET model constructed based on only one variable,Williams plot interestingly showed that all 8061 data points are valid data. Also, the outcome of the Leverage approach for the ET model designed with four inputs highlighted that there are only 240 “out of leverage” data sets. In addition, only 169 data are suspected. Also, the sensitivity analysis results typified that the Vp has a higher effect on the target parameter (Vs) than other implemented inputs. Overall, the second scenario demonstrated more satisfactory Vs predictions due to the lower obtained errors of its developed models. Finally, the two ET models with the linear regression model, which is of high interest to the industry, were applied to diagnose candidate layers along the formation for hydraulic fracturing. While the linear regression model fails to accurately trace variations of rock properties, the intelligent models successfully detect brittle intervals consistent with field measurements.
Black Kites on a flyway between Western Siberia and the Indian Subcontinent
Authors: Literák Ivan , Škrábal Jan , Karyakin Igor V. , Andreyenkova Natalya G. , Vazhov Sergey V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Black Kite (Milvus migrans) is one of the most widespread raptors in the world. The Palaearctic is populated by two migrating subspecies, Milvus migrans migrans and Milvus migrans lineatus, in the western and eastern part of this realm, respectively. There is a large intergradation zone of M. m. migrans/M. m. lineatus in-between. Although the migration routes of M. m. migrans from Europe to Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East are well known, detailed information about migration routes of Black Kites from intergradation zone are missing. Using satellite telemetry we are able to fill this gap in our knowledge of these birds. We tagged with GPS/SMS/GPRS telemetry loggers 13 and 6 Black Kite pulli in lowland around Biysk (Altai Krai, Russia) and in mountains around Kosh-Agach (Altai Republic, Russia), respectively. After fledging, Black Kites from both subpopulations stayed in a small, non-overlapping areas and then migrated to southern Asia through narrow corridors. Black Kites originating from Biysk migrated through the Western Circum-Himalayan Corridor. Black Kites originating from Kosh-Agach used the Trans-Himalayan Corridor crossing the Himalayas in altitudes of up to 6256 m asl. The average total distance travelled of Black Kites from both subpopulations was 9166 km without any significant differences between these subpopulations. Timing of both spring and autumn migration did not vary along different age groups. Black Kites from both subpopulations wintered in low elevations of Pakistan and India. Birds wintered on average for 190 days, and the mean area of individual home ranges in winter was 4704 km2. During the breeding period, birds dwelled in south-western Siberia, where they spent on average 125 days with an average home range size 3537 km2. We found that ontogenetic shifts in migratory behaviour of Black Kites from Eastern Russia differ from those in population/subspecies in Europe. Black Kites crossing the Himalayas fly and, moreover, stay for hours resting at night in the environment of mountains at altitudes over 5000 m.
Nutrient intake differs among persons with celiac disease and gluten-related disorders in the United States
Authors: Unalp-Arida Aynur , Liu Rui , Ruhl Constance E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPersons with celiac disease (CD) may develop nutritional deficiencies, while individuals following a gluten-free diet (GFD) may lack essential nutrients. We examined nutrient intake from diet and supplements among persons with CD and GFD in the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2014. Among 15,610 participants 20 years and older, we identified CD based on positive serology for immunoglobulin A against tissue transglutaminase, health care provider diagnosis, and adherence to a GFD. People without CD avoiding gluten (PWAG) adhered to a GFD without a diagnosis of CD. Two 24-h recalls assessed nutrient intake from diet and supplements. Compared to participants without CD or PWAG, persons with diagnosed CD had lower intake of total energy, carbohydrates, fat, and saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, persons with undiagnosed CD and positive serology had higher intake of those nutrients, sugar, and protein. Total carbohydrate and sugar intake was lower among PWAG. Persons with diagnosed CD had higher vitamin A and E intake, while those with undiagnosed CD had increased intake of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, alpha-carotene, folic acid, and choline. Higher micronutrient intake with undiagnosed CD was observed more at high latitudes. PWAG had higher beta-carotene and lutein/zeaxanthin and lower folic acid intake. In the U.S. population over a 6-year period, total energy and macronutrient intake was decreased among persons with diagnosed CD, while intake of total energy, macronutrients, and multiple micronutrients was increased among persons with undiagnosed CD. Nutriomics studies of multiple analytes measured simultaneously across affected persons and populations are needed to inform screening for malabsorption and treatment strategies.
Epigenetic and post-transcriptional repression support metabolic suppression in chronically hypoxic goldfish
Authors: Farhat Elie , Talarico Giancarlo G. M. , Grégoire Mélissa , Weber Jean-Michel , Mennigen Jan A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGoldfish enter a hypometabolic state to survive chronic hypoxia. We recently described tissue-specific contributions of membrane lipid composition remodeling and mitochondrial function to metabolic suppression across different goldfish tissues. However, the molecular and especially epigenetic foundations of hypoxia tolerance in goldfish under metabolic suppression are not well understood. Here we show that components of the molecular oxygen-sensing machinery are robustly activated across tissues irrespective of hypoxia duration. Induction of gene expression of enzymes involved in DNA methylation turnover and microRNA biogenesis suggest a role for epigenetic transcriptional and post-transcriptional suppression of gene expression in the hypoxia-acclimated brain. Conversely, mechanistic target of rapamycin-dependent translational machinery activity is not reduced in liver and white muscle, suggesting this pathway does not contribute to lowering cellular energy expenditure. Finally, molecular evidence supports previously reported chronic hypoxia-dependent changes in membrane cholesterol, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function via changes in transcripts involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, β-oxidation, and mitochondrial fusion in multiple tissues. Overall, this study shows that chronic hypoxia robustly induces expression of oxygen-sensing machinery across tissues, induces repressive transcriptional and post-transcriptional epigenetic marks especially in the chronic hypoxia-acclimated brain and supports a role for membrane remodeling and mitochondrial function and dynamics in promoting metabolic suppression.
A suspension technique for efficient large-scale cancer organoid culturing and perturbation screens
Authors: Price Stacey , Bhosle Shriram , Gonçalves Emanuel , Li Xiaodun , McClurg Dylan P. , Barthorpe Syd , Beck Alex , Hall Caitlin , Lightfoot Howard , Farrow Luke , Ansari Rizwan , Jackson David A. , Allen Laura , Roberts Kirsty , Beaver Charlotte , Francies Hayley E. , Garnett Mathew J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOrganoid cell culture methodologies are enabling the generation of cell models from healthy and diseased tissue. Patient-derived cancer organoids that recapitulate the genetic and histopathological diversity of patient tumours are being systematically generated, providing an opportunity to investigate new cancer biology and therapeutic approaches. The use of organoid cultures for many applications, including genetic and chemical perturbation screens, is limited due to the technical demands and cost associated with their handling and propagation. Here we report and benchmark a suspension culture technique for cancer organoids which allows for the expansion of models to tens of millions of cells with increased efficiency in comparison to standard organoid culturing protocols. Using whole-genome DNA and RNA sequencing analyses, as well as medium-throughput drug sensitivity testing and genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screening, we demonstrate that cancer organoids grown as a suspension culture are genetically and phenotypically similar to their counterparts grown in standard conditions. This culture technique simplifies organoid cell culture and extends the range of organoid applications, including for routine use in large-scale perturbation screens.
Effects of prenatal professional breastfeeding education for the family
Authors: Gao Haifeng , Wang Jie , An Jing , Liu Shuyu , Li Yan , Ding Songtao , Zhang Yi , Chen Ying 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMastering the correct breastfeeding posture remains a challenge for many new mothers. Generalized pregnancy breastfeeding education plays a role in helping mothers master breastfeeding positions and prevent nipple damage. This study prospectively analyzed the effects of prenatal professional breastfeeding education for the family on mastering the lactation latch and preventing nipple damage. Medical records of pregnant women in the authors' hospital from April 2020 to July 2020 were prospectively analyzed. A total of 342 patients were enrolled and divided into experimental and control groups according to whether or not they had received prenatal professional breastfeeding education for the family by the random number table method. The difference in the mastery rate of the postpartum breastfeeding posture and nipple damage was examined three days postpartum. The mastery rate in the experimental group (88.5%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (63.8%), whereas the rate of nipple damage in the experimental group (23.1%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (46.9%). Prenatal professional breastfeeding education for the family can promote mothers' mastery of breastfeeding latch skills and reduce the risk of nipple damage.
Population density, bottom-up and top-down control as an interactive triplet to trigger dispersal
Authors: Kreuzinger-Janik Bianca , Gansfort Birgit , Ptatscheck Christoph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDispersal reflects the trade-offs between the cost of a change in habitat and the fitness benefits conferred by that change. Many factors trigger the dispersal of animals, but in field studies they are typically not controllable; consequently, they are mostly studied in the laboratory, where their single and interactive effects on dispersal can be investigated. We tested whether three fundamental factors, population density as well as bottom-up and top-down control, influence the emigration of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Nematode movement was observed in experiments conducted in two-chamber arenas in which these factors were manipulated. The results showed that both decreasing food availability and increasing population density had a positive influence on nematode dispersal. The presence of the predatory flatworm Polycelis tenuis did not consistently affect dispersal but worked as an amplifier when linked with population density with respect to certain food-supply levels. Our study indicates that nematode dispersal on small scales is non-random; rather, the worms’ ability to perceive environmental information leads to a context-dependent decision by individuals to leave or stay in a patch. The further use of nematodes to gain insights into both the triggers that initiate dispersal, and the traits of dispersing individuals will improve the modeling of animal behavior in changing and spatial heterogenous landscapes.
Unveiling the roles of halogen ions in the surface passivation of CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells
Authors: Han Shichuang , Guan Li , Yin Tao , Zhang Jianen , Guo Jianxin , Chen Xiaobo , Li Xu 
Published: April 2022

The electrons at the CBM emerged to accumulate around the Pb2+ ion neighboring the iodine vacancy. Cl− and Br− ions provided an effective passivation to the trap states and played a substantial role in reducing the non-radiative recombination.
Efficient 6D object pose estimation based on attentive multi‐scale contextual information
Authors: Gao Fang , Sun Qingyi , Li Shaodong , Li Wenbo , Li Yong , Yu Jun , Shuang Feng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract6D pose estimation has been pervasively applied to various robotic applications, such as service robots, collaborative robots, and unmanned warehouses. However, accurate 6D pose estimation is still a challenge problem due to the complexity of application scenarios caused by illumination changes, occlusion and even truncation between objects, and additional refinement is required for accurate 6D object pose estimation in prior work. Aiming at the efficiency and accuracy of 6D object pose estimation in these complex scenes, this paper presents a novel end‐to‐end network, which effectively utilises the contextual information within a neighbourhood region of each pixel to estimate the 6D object pose from RGB‐D images. Specifically, our network first applies the attention mechanism to extract effective pixel‐wise dense multimodal features, which are then expanded to multi‐scale dense features by integrating pixel‐wise features at different scales for pose estimation. The proposed method is evaluated extensively on the LineMOD and YCB‐Video datasets, and the experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to several state‐of‐the‐art baselines in terms of average point distance and average closest point distance.
Phase‐shifted circularly polarised ring microstrip antenna and application in phased array antennas
Authors: Ishida Masaya , Watanabe Toshiaki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA phase‐shifted circularly polarised ring microstrip antenna (PS‐CP‐RMSA), which can switch between three different phases, is proposed. The phase of a circularly polarised antenna can be shifted by changing the angle of rotation. Taking advantage of this property, the proposed PS‐CP‐RMSA comprises a circularly polarised ring microstrip antenna (CP‐RMSA) with three groups of feed lines and perturbation elements; phase shift can be achieved by switching their groups. Thus, the phase of a circularly polarised antenna can be electronically shifted without phase shifters, which has been difficult in the past. Therefore, the PS‐CP‐RMSA array can perform beam tilt electronically. In this study, PS‐CP‐RMSA and its four‐element array were designed, fabricated, and measured. The maximum circular polarisation gain of the prototype PS‐CP‐RMSA was 6.3 dBic with an axial ratio of 1.1 dB at 5.7 GHz. The maximum gain of the boresight directional beam of the four‐element array was 11.3 dBic with an axial ratio of 0.4 dB at 5.67 GHz. The proposed antenna can be a candidate for a new beam‐control method for array antennas.
A novel broadband circularly polarised waveguide slot array antenna with a wide axial ratio bandwidth
Authors: Wang Hai , Lei Xue , Duan Tiandong , Li Tianpeng , Zhao Ming‐yang , Gao Jun , Wang Xinren 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel broadband circularly polarised waveguide slot array antenna with a wide axial ratio bandwidth is designed. The circular polariser is excited by the waveguide radiation linear polarised antenna, whose end is bent by 90° and generates a circularly polarised electric field. The matching waveguide between the slot and the polariser improves impedance matching. Furthermore, the structure with the added waveguide changes waveguide impedance, which can be used to realise impedance matching, and reduces the spacing between the units. In this study, a 4 × 4 antenna array is fabricated. The measured results reveal that the array achieves −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 27% (11.15–14.63 GHz) and the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 23% (11.48–14.52 GHz). An aperture efficiency higher than 71% is obtained, with the maximum gain of 22 dB. The antenna side lobes levels are less than −13 dB in the operating bandwidth.
Parallel kernel solver of an FPGA‐based real‐time simulator for active distribution networks
Authors: Li Peng , Wang Xin , Wang Zhiying , Fu Xiaopeng , Fu Hao , Wang Kun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractField‐programmable gate array (FPGA)‐based real‐time simulators are often applied in simulations of active distribution networks (ADNs) because of their parallel architectures and low cost. The overall performance of an FPGA‐based real‐time simulator is mainly determined by its kernel solver, which solves the nodal equation at each simulation time step. With the increasing scale of ADNs, real‐time simulations of fast switching dynamics, along with limited computation hardware, have increased the requirements of the solver in terms of both time and resource consumption. In this study, a highly parallel kernel solver is proposed to improve the simulation efficiency of the FPGA‐based real‐time simulator. The multi‐level parallel design and its implementation, including the parallelism at the system and module and element levels, are presented in detail. A modified IEEE 123‐node system with distributed photovoltaics (PVs) is then simulated using a three‐FPGA‐based real‐time simulator. Simulation results are compared with the commercial simulation tool PSCAD/EMTDC to validate the proposed kernel solver.
Gas disk interactions, tides and relativistic effects in the rocky planet formation at the substellar mass limit
Authors: Sánchez Mariana B. , de Elía Gonzalo C. , Downes Juan José 
Published: April 2022

Context. The confirmed exoplanet population around very low mass stars is increasing considerable through data from the latest space missions and improvements in ground-based observations, particularly with the detection of Earth-like planets in the habitable zones. However, theoretical models need to improve in the study of planet formation and evolution around low-mass hosts.
Aims. Our main goal is to study the formation of rocky planets and the first 100 Myr of their dynamical evolution around a star with a mass of 0.08 M⊙, which is close to the substellar mass limit.
Methods. We developed two sets of N-body simulations assuming an embryo population affected by tidal and general relativistic effects, refined by the inclusion of the spin-up and contraction of the central star. This population is immersed in a gas disk during the first 10 Myr. Each set of simulations incorporated a different prescription from the literature to calculate the interaction between the gas-disk and the embryos: one widely used prescription which is based on results from hydrodynamics simulations, and a recent prescription that is based on the analytic treatment of dynamical friction.
Results. We found that in a standard disk model, the dynamical evolution and the final architectures of the resulting rocky planets are strongly related with the prescription used to treat the interaction within the gas and the embryos. Its impact on the resulting close-in planet population and particularly on those planets that are located inside the habitable zone is particularly strong.
Conclusions. The distribution of the period ratio of adjacent confirmed exoplanets observed around very low mass stars and brown dwarfs and the exoplanets that we obtained from our simulations agrees well only when the prescription based on dynamical friction for gas-embryo interaction was used. Our results also reproduce a close-in planet population of interest that is located inside the habitable zone. A fraction of these planets will be exposed for a long period of time to the stellar irradiation inside the inner edge of the evolving habitable zone until the zone reaches them.