bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights Into to the KX (X = Cl, Br, I) Adsorption‐Assisted Stabilization of CsPbI2Br Surface
Authors: Li Xiao‐Fen , Cheng Song‐Qi , Zhou Yu‐Qian , Ouyang Wen‐Hong , Li Shunning , Liu Bai‐Xin , Liu Jian‐Bo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite the excellent optoelectronic properties, organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still present significant challenges in terms of ambient stability. CsPbI2Br, a member of all‐inorganic perovskites, may respond to this challenge because of its inherent high stability against light, moisture, and heat, and therefore has gained tremendous attraction recently. However, the practical application of CsPbI2Br is still impeded by the notorious phenomenon of photoinduced halide segregation. Herein, by applying first‐principles calculations, the stability, electronic structure, defect properties, and ion‐diffusion properties of the stoichiometric CsPbI2Br (110) surface and that with the adsorption of KX (X = Cl, Br, I) are systematically investigated. It is found that the adsorbed KX can serve as an external substitute of the halogen vacancies on the surface, therefore inhibiting halogen segregation and improving the stability of the CsPbI2Br surface. The KX can also eliminate deep‐level defect states caused by antisites, thereby contributing to the promoted optoelectronic properties of CsPbI2Br. The mechanistic understanding of surface passivation in this work can lay the foundation for the future design of CsPbI2Br PSCs with optimized optoelectronic performance.
Anomalous Self‐Optimizing Microporous Graphene‐Based Lithium‐ion Battery Anode from Laser Activation of Small Organic Molecules
Authors: Zhang Binghao , Cheng Le , Huang Libei , Tang Yu , Fang Yongjin , Li Tao , Ye Ruquan , Liu Qi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLaser scribing technology is a straightforward technique to fabricate porous graphene, yet only conducted with polymeric precursors. Compared to polymers, molecular engineering of small organic molecules is much easier, which can be used to modify the graphene with tailored performance. Here we report the first employment of a laser to respectively transform small organic molecules, pentacene quinone and tetraazapentacene quinone (TAPQ), into graphene (P‐LIG and N‐LIG) as high‐performance lithium‐ion battery anodes. The TAPQ, as the N‐fused molecular precursor, produces nitrogen‐doped graphene. Both N‐LIG and P‐LIG exhibit significant self‐enhancement of capacity upon cycling; the N‐LIG anode delivers reversible capacities of 5863 mAh g‐1 at 0.2 A g‐1 and retains 1970 mAh g‐1 at 2 A g‐1 after another 500 cycles, which is the best performance for the graphene‐type anode. Kinetics studies and structural characterizations verify that the surface‐ and diffusion‐controlled processes are both progressively optimized, providing extra lithium storage upon cycling. It is also supported by small‐angle X‐ray scattering that the disordering level of micropores is increased upon cycling for N‐LIG, corresponding to the enhancement of microporous level. Our work successfully develops a novel facile approach to fabricating heteroatom‐doped microporous graphene exhibiting high performance and provides new insight into the lithium storage mechanism.
Determination of copper and lead ions using gold nanoparticles as a colorimetric probe with the aid of cysteine
Authors: Peng Li‐Jing , Chen Guo‐Ying , Zhou Hang‐Yu , Yang Feng‐Qing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis work describes a simple and reliable colorimetric method based on the gold nanoparticles without any modification, which can realize the rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of lead (Pb2+) and copper (Cu2+) ions, providing a reference for monitoring metal ions in the environmental water. When Pb2+ was added to the gold nanoparticles solution containing a low concentration of L‐Cysteine, the combination of Pb2+ and L‐Cysteine can induce the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. On the contrary, Cu2+ can catalyze the oxidation of L‐Cysteine and destroy the formation of the Au‐S bond between L‐Cysteine and gold nanoparticles, thereby preventing the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. As the ultraviolet‐visible spectrum of gold nanoparticle solution is closely related to their aggregation status, the Cu2+ and Pb2+ can be determined. The calibration curves, which are constructed based on ratios of the absorbance at 650 nm and 520 nm of gold nanoparticles, display good linearity in the range of 50.0−2.5 × 103 nM for Pb2+ and 25.0−300.0 nM for Cu2+, respectively. The limits of quantitation of Pb2+ and Cu2+ are determined to be 50.0 and 25.0 nM, respectively. In addition, the spiked recoveries of Pb2+ and Cu2+ in real water samples are 94.6−112.5 and 87.3−114.7% with a relative standard deviation of less than 6.3%, respectively.
Designing Nanoengineered Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation by Water Splitting and Conversion of Carbon Dioxide to Clean Fuels
Authors: Bhosale Reshma , Debnath Bharati , Ogale Satishchandra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSemiconductor photocatalysis has received tremendous attention in the past decade as it has shown great promise in the context of clean energy harvesting for environmental remediation. Sunlight is an inexhaustible source of energy available to us throughout the year, although it is rather dilutely dispersed. Semiconductor based photocatalysis presents one of the best ways to harness this source of energy to carry out chemical reactions of interest that require external energy input. Photocatalytic hydrogen generation by splitting of water, CO2 mitigation, and CO2 conversion to green fuel have therefore become the highly desirable clean and sustainable processes for a better tomorrow. Although numerous efforts have been made and continue to be expended to search and develop new classes of photocatalyst materials in recent years, several significant challenges still remain to be resolved before photocatalysis can reach its commercial potential. Therefore, major attention is required towards improving the efficiencies of the existing photocatalysts by further manipulating them and parallelly employing newer strategies for novel photocatalyst designs. This personal account aims to provide a broad overview of the field primarily invoking examples of our own research contributions in the field, which include photocatalytic hydrogen generation and CO2 reduction to value added chemicals. This account reviews the state‐of‐the‐art research activities and scientific possibilities which a functional material can offer if its properties are put to best use through goal‐oriented design by combining with other compatible materials. We have addressed fundamental principles of photocatalysis, different kind of functional photocatalysts, critical issues associated with them and various strategies to overcome the related hurdles. It is our hope that this current personal account will provide a platform for young researchers to address the bottleneck issues in the field of photocatalysis and photocatalysts with a sense of clarity, and to find innovative solutions to resolve them by a prudent choice of materials, synthesis protocols, and approaches to boost the photocatalysis output. We emphasize that a targeted or goal‐directed photocatalyst nanoengineering as perhaps the only way to realize an early success in this multiparametric domain.
Recent Advances of Pore Structure in Disordered Carbons for Sodium Storage: A Mini Review
Authors: Yue Liang , Lei Yusi , Niu Yubin , Qi Yuruo , Xu Maowen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDisordered carbons as the most promising anode materials for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted much attention, due to the widely‐distributed sources and potentially high output voltage when applied in full cells owing to the almost lowest voltage plateau. The complex microstructure makes the sodium storage mechanism of disordered carbons controversial. Recently, many studies show that the plateau region of disordered carbons are closely related to the embedment of sodium ion/semimetal in nanopores. In this regard, the classification, characterization and construction of nanopores are exhaustively discussed in this review. In addition, perspectives about the controllable construction of nanopores are presented in the last section, aiming to catch out more valuable studies include not only the construction of closed pores to enhance capacity but also the design of carbon materials to understand Na storage mechanism.
Versorgung und Reanimation des reifen Neugeborenen nach der Geburt
Authors: Schwindt J.‑C. , Grass B. , Schäfer S. , Deindl P. , Schwindt E. M. , Wald M. , Schroth M. 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie volle Reanimation eines Neugeborenen mit Beatmungen, Thoraxkompressionen und der Gabe von Medikamenten ist ein äußerst seltenes Ereignis, das selbst neonatologische Teams immer wieder vor Herausforderungen stellt. Gerade in diesen seltenen und häufig dramatischen Situationen ist schnelles und umsichtiges Handeln im Team gefragt. Dabei ist die effektivste und meist einzig notwendige Maßnahme für die erfolgreiche Versorgung eines nicht spontan atmenden Neugeborenen eine suffiziente Maskenbeatmung. Wird diese effektiv durchgeführt, sind beim Neugeborenen in den seltensten Fällen tatsächlich Thoraxkompressionen notwendig. Im März 2021 wurde vom European Resuscitation Council (ERC) die neue Leitlinie zur Reanimation von Neugeborenen publiziert. Auf Basis dieser Leitlinie beschreibt der vorliegende Beitrag detailliert den im Algorithmus der Versorgung und Reanimation von reifen Neugeborenen dargestellten Handlungsablauf. Er richtet sich damit einerseits insbesondere an NichtneonatologInnen, die für die Versorgung v. a. von reifen Neugeborenen nach der Geburt verantwortlich sind. Andererseits soll er auch jenen zur Unterstützung dienen, die medizinisches Personal in der Versorgung von lebensbedrohten Neugeborenen trainieren und den Algorithmus der Neugeborenenreanimation als didaktisches Konzept vermitteln.
Geomorphological drivers of deeper reef habitats around Seychelles
Authors: Swanborn D. J. B. , Fassbender N. , Huvenne V. A. I. , Pittman S. J. , Stefanoudis P. V. , Woodall L. C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMesophotic (30–150 m) and rariphotic (150–300 m) deeper reef habitats are important from an ecological and conservation perspective, yet remain understudied. Key knowledge gaps exist on the environmental patterns and processes that drive and shape their geographical distributions. Understanding these is particularly important for regions as the Western Indian Ocean, where deeper reefs are poorly known but support food security and host economically important species. Spatial predictive models of assemblage occurrences, using terrain variables as predictors, offer a solution to address knowledge gaps around deeper reef distributions. We identified relationships between seafloor geomorphology, quantified at multiple scales, and sessile benthic assemblages in four atoll seascapes in Seychelles using terrain models derived from high-resolution multibeam sonar and underwater video surveys. Using random forests and boosted regression trees, we demonstrated that terrain derivatives extracted over multiple scales perform as reliable predictors of deeper reef assemblages. The most influential environmental predictors were depth, distance to shore, topographic complexity, slope and curvature and substrate characteristics. The relative importance of predictors was explained by assemblage functional characteristics. Assemblage–environment relationships were used to produce probability distribution maps that showed similar distributional patterns for identified assemblages across locations, with high occurrence probabilities linked to complex geomorphological structures. Our results help contribute to a consistent baseline understanding of the relationship between seascape structure and mesophotic reef ecosystems in this area. Complex geomorphological structures, including terraces and paleoshorelines, supported high densities of mesophotic assemblages and could be considered priority habitats for management.
The clinical application value of phase angle of six parts in nutritional evaluation of tumor patients
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Zhang Jialei , Du Yunyi , Wu Xiaoyu , Chang Yali , Li Weiling , Liu Yaqin , Hu Wenqing , Zhao Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical application value of phase angle (PA) of six parts in the nutritional evaluation and construct a prediction model for diagnosing malnutrition of tumor patients.

Methods
A total of 1129 patients with malignant tumors were analyzed retrospectively. The age, sex, tumor location and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were collected, and PA of six parts was measured. The Patient Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used to evaluate the nutritional status of each patient.

Results
According to the PG-SGA, 66.5% (n = 750) of the patients were evaluated as malnourished. Patients under the age of 65 had higher PA values. The PA value of men was higher than that of women (except PA-RL). In different disease groups, the PA-RA and PA-TR values were significantly different. In our study, PA value increases with BMI and decreases with PG-SGA (except PG-SGA 0–1 group). Multivariate regression analysis indicates that the age (HR = 1.051, 95% CI 1.037–1.066, P < 0.001), BMI (HR = 0.885, 95% CI 0.849–0.924, P < 0.001), and PA-WB (HR = 0.615, 95% CI 0.546–0.692, P < 0.001) were independent significant predictors associated with malnutrition. The AUC of the prediction model is 0.7631 (p < 0.001), indicating that the model including age, BMI, and PA-WB has certain diagnostic value for the diagnosis of malnutrition.

Conclusion
The PA-WB is an independent prognostic factor of malnutrition. The prediction model constructed by age, BMI, and PA-WB can be used as a useful tool for nutritional evaluation of tumor patients.

Trial registration
Clinical Trial No.: ChiCTR2100047858.
The impact of nutrition on the lives of patients with digestive cancers: a position paper
Authors: Vitaloni Marianna , Caccialanza Riccardo , Ravasco Paula , Carrato Alfredo , Kapala Aleksandra , de van der Schueren Marian , Constantinides Dora , Backman Eva , Chuter David , Santangelo Claudia , Maravic Zorana 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Nutritional intervention is an essential part of cancer treatments. Research and clinical evidence in cancer have shown that nutritional support can reduce length of hospitalisation, diminish treatment-related toxicity, and improve nutrient intake, quality of life, and physical function. Nutritional intervention can improve outcomes and help patients in the successful completion of oncological treatments by preventing malnutrition. Malnutrition is a very common hallmark in patients with cancers. Almost one-fourth of cancer patients are at risk of dying because of the consequences of malnutrition, rather than cancer itself. Patients with digestive cancers are at higher risk of suffering malnutrition due to the gastrointestinal impairment caused by their disease. They are at high nutritional risk by definition, yet the majority of them have insufficient or null access to nutritional intervention.Inadequate resources are dedicated to implementing nutritional services in Europe. Universal access to nutritional support for digestive cancer patients is not a reality in many European countries. To change this situation, health systems should invest in qualified staff to reinforce or create nutritional teams’ experts in digestive cancer treatments. We aim to share the patient community’s perspective on the status and the importance of nutritional intervention. This is an advocacy manuscript presenting data on the topic and analysing the current situations and the challenges for nutrition in digestive cancers. It highlights the importance of integrative nutrition in the treatment of digestive cancers and advocates for equitable and universal access to nutritional intervention for all patients.
Surgery for clinoidal meningiomas with cavernous sinus extension: Near-total excision and chiasmopexy
Authors: Starnoni Daniele , Tuleasca Constantin , Levivier Marc , Daniel Roy T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The main factors limiting the extent of resection for clinoidal meningiomas are cavernous sinus extension and vessel adventitia involvement. The proximity to the optic apparatus and the risk of radiation-induced optic neuropathy often prevents many surgeons from proposing adjuvant radiosurgery.

Method
We describe a simple technical solution that is to place a fat graft between the optic apparatus and the residual tumor to maintain the distance gained at surgery and facilitates the identification of anatomic structures.

Conclusion
This technique allows to deliver optimal therapeutic doses to the residue reduces the dose received by the optic nerve below 8 Gy.
Iatrogenic post-surgical tension pneumosyrinx—a first reported case
Authors: Swarna Shyam S. , Jung Josephine , Connor Steve , Belci Maurizio , Grahovac Gordon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We describe the first ever-reported occurrence of a post-operative tension pneumosyrinx occurring after a resection of an intradural intramedullary spinal tumour in a 40-year-old patient. Post-operatively, he developed sudden onset paraplegia and imaging revealed a tension pneumosyrinx which was subsequently surgically decompressed. He made a gradual neurological recovery. This is an extremely rare complication with potentially long-lasting deleterious effects on patients’ neurological status if not recognized. We aim to bring this pathology to the attention of our neurosurgical colleagues and share our surgical approach and management to assist those who may encounter this pathology in the future.
Analyse von Einflussfaktoren auf die Transporthäufigkeit von Frequent Usern mit Angststörung
Authors: Breuer Florian , Pommerenke Christopher , Poloczek Stefan 
Published: June 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Frequent User wählen wiederholt den Notruf 112 und sind für eine Vielzahl von Einsätzen verantwortlich. In vielen Fällen ist eine Angststörung ursächlich für das Verhalten. Hierbei spielen vermutlich eine unzureichende Anbindung an eine geeignete Versorgungseinrichtung sowie eine mangelhafte Compliance eine wesentliche Rolle.

Methodik
Als Frequent User mit Angststörung wurden diejenigen Patientinnen definiert, bei denen im Einsatzprotokoll die Kombination aus der (Verdachts‑)Diagnose „psychiatrischer Notfall“ sowie dem psychiatrischen Befund „ängstlich“ dokumentiert wurde und es im betrachteten Zeitraum (01.10.2020 bis 31.05.2021) zu mindestens 2 Einsätzen der Notfallrettung kam (n = 74). Ergänzend erfolgte eine Auswertung aus den Daten aus dem Einsatzleitsystem. Die Einsätze (n = 326) wurden in Bezug auf die Transporthäufigkeit in Abhängigkeit von mNACA-Score, Einsatzort sowie der Notrufmeldung analysiert.

Ergebnisse
In 52,1 % handelte es sich um mNACA-II-Einsätze, in 42,3 % um mNACA-III-Einsätze und in 5,5 % um mNACA-IV-Einsätze. Neben dem mNACA-Score hatte weder der Einsatzort noch die Einsatzzeit noch die Dringlichkeit Einfluss auf die Transporthäufigkeit. Im Ergebnis zur Alarmierung zum „psychiatrischen Notfall“ wurden signifikant mehr Transporte durchgeführt. Das Alter war ebenfalls nicht maßgeblich.

Schlussfolgerung
Neben der Notwendigkeit der Verbesserung der Gesundheitskompetenz von vulnerablen Gruppen muss sich auch der Rettungsdienst in den kommenden Jahren vermehrt auf ein verändertes Einsatzspektrum einstellen. Damit einhergehend müssen Schnittstellen und die Anbindung an alternative Versorgungsformen optimiert werden. Neben einem Case Management sind Strukturen denkbar, die psychosoziale Hilfe unmittelbar an die Notfallrettung anbinden.

Graphic abstract
Incomplete incentive contracts in complex task environments: an agent-based simulation with minimal intelligence agents
Authors: Wall Friederike 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncentive contracts often do not govern all task elements for which an employee is responsible. Prior research, particularly in the tradition of principal-agent theory, has studied incomplete incentive contracts as multi-task problems focusing on how to motivate the employee to incur effort for a not-contracted task element. Thus, emphasis is on the “vertical” relation between superior and subordinate, where both are modeled as gifted economic actors. This paper takes another perspective focusing on the “horizontal” interferences of—contracted and not-contracted—task elements across various employees in an organization and, hence, on the complexity of an organization’s task environment. In order to disentangle the interactions among tasks from agents’ behavior, the paper pursues a minimal intelligence approach. An agent-based simulation model based on the framework of NK fitness landscapes is employed. In the simulation experiments, artificial organizations search for superior performance, and the experiments control for the complexity of the task environment and the level of contractual incompleteness. The results suggest that the complexity of the task environment in terms of interactions among task elements may considerably shape the effects of incomplete incentive contracts. In particular, the results indicate that moderate incompleteness of incentive contracts may be beneficial with respect to organizational performance when intra-organizational complexity is high. This is caused by stabilization of search resulting from incomplete contracts. Moreover, interactions may induce that the not-contracted task elements could serve as means objectives, i.e., contributing to achieving contracted task elements.
Mein Klient, der Narzisst? – Kritische Gedanken zum Umgang mit dem Begriff Narzissmus im Coaching
Authors: Zimmermann Jannik , Friedrichs Juliane 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungNarzissmus wird im Alltag zunehmend „diagnostiziert“. Viele Coaches sind hier keine Ausnahme; sie sehen in vermeintlich narzisstischen Klient:innen die Ursache für Störungen im Coachingprozess. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich der Frage, ob in diesem Zusammenhang die Verwendung eines Narzissmus-Etiketts sinnvoll ist. Um die damit einhergehende Problematik zu verdeutlichen, gehen wir auf die Entstehung des heutigen Narzissmus-Verständnisses ein, diskutieren die aktuelle Forschung und zeigen Fallstricke auf. Abschließend bieten wir zielführende Alternativen zur Verwendung eines Narzissmus-Etiketts an.