bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post‐introduction evolution of a rapid life‐history strategy in a newly invasive plant
Authors: Woods Ellen C. , Sultan Sonia E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA central question in invasion biology is whether adaptive trait evolution following species introduction promotes invasiveness. A growing number of common‐garden experiments document phenotypic differences between native‐ and introduced‐range plants, suggesting that adaptive evolution in the new range may indeed contribute to the success of invasive plants. However, these studies are often subject to methodological pitfalls, resulting in weak evidence for post‐introduction adaptive trait evolution and leaving its role in the invasion process uncertain. In a common‐garden glasshouse study, we compared the growth, life‐history, and reproductive traits of 35 native‐ and introduced‐rangePolygonum cespitosumpopulations. We used complementary approaches including climate‐matching, standardizing parental conditions, selection analysis, and testing for trait–environment relationships to determine whether traits that increase invasiveness adaptively evolved in the species' new range. We found that the majority of introduced‐range populations exhibited a novel trait syndrome consisting of a fast‐paced life history and concomitant sparse, reduced growth form. Selection analysis confirmed that this trait syndrome led to markedly higher fitness (propagule production) over a limited growing season that was characteristic of regions within the introduced range. Additionally, several growth and reproductive traits showed temperature‐based clines consistent with adaptive evolution in the new range. Combined, these results indicate that, subsequent to its introduction to North America over 100 generations ago,P. cespitosumhas evolved key traits that maximize propagule production. These changes may in part explain the species' recent transition to invasiveness, illustrating how post‐introduction evolution may contribute to the invasion process.
Morphotectonic forcing and anthropogenic impact behind a recently emerged relict island of the Brahmaputra River
Authors: Gogoi Priti Rekha , Chetia Monisha , Borgohain Supriya , Bora Malobika , Kumar Adesh , Lahiri Siddhartha Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLarge rivers can be significantly impacted upon by both tectonics and human activities; yet, there are very few studies where these natural and anthropogenic impacts combine. A new river island called Dibru‐Saikhoa has appeared very recently on the Brahmaputra valley map in Assam. More than 200 km2 in area, it is situated in the extreme upstream reach of the Brahmaputra River and represents the second biggest relict island after Majuli (with a present area of ~500 km2). The cause of the formation of this island is generally attributed to river dynamics, with only a minor anthropogenic role. However, our study, considering morphological changes from 1915 to 2019 and subsurface geophysical data, suggests that the anthropogenic factor was an important ‘trigger’ of island formation, acting on a system made sensitive to change by the combination of local tectonics and rapidly changing sediment influx. Making use of the satellite‐borne Bouguer gravity data and ground survey‐based seismic sections, we located some of the prominent blind faults. Taking into consideration recent activation and interplay of these faults, the mode of accommodation space generation, and aggradation characteristics due to fluvial processes, we suggest a multi‐order mechanism of formation of this relict island. The first‐order trigger is due to the unstable river morphology of the Siang, which is responding to tilting of the valley floor as a co‐seismic phenomenon, and subsequently influences two other rivers—the Dibang and the Lohit. Second‐order forcing comes from intra‐plate residual pop‐up that comes into play due to uneven sediment loading. The third‐order forcing is inter‐plate suturing, which causes arching and fracturing of the basement.
Technological characteristics of sodium reduced wheat bread: Effects of fermentation type and partial replacement of salt with potassium chloride
Authors: Pashaei Mitra , Mollakhalili‐Meybodi Neda , Sadeghizadeh Jalal , Mirmoghtadaei Leila , Fallahzadeh Hossein , Arab Masoumeh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRheological, physicochemical, textural, and sensory characteristics of wheat bread prepared by potassium chloride (KCl) substitution of sodium chloride (NaCl) at different ratio (0:100, 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50) in the presence of two different fermentation types (Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast starter (YSF) and mixed fermentation based on sourdough (MFSD)) were investigated. Considering the results obtained at this study, the technological characteristics change through KCl substitution ratio which depends on the type of fermentation. In other words, the enhanced activity of microflora in MFSD‐fermented samples and decreased activity of yeast in YSF‐fermented ones have been found by increasing the ratio of KCl incorporation level. Despite the increased activity of starter microflora in MFSD‐fermented samples through increasing the KCl incorporation level, the lowest specific volume (p < .05) is found in SD50 (containing 50%w/w KCl in the presence of MFSD) with a quantity equal to 1.71 ± 0.47 cm3/g confirming its inability to restore gases. No significant difference has been found in KCl substitution levels up to 20%w/w in YSF‐fermented samples (Y20) with control (p ≥ .05). The lowest crumb lightness (L*) (65.27 ± 0.12), highest cohesiveness (1.31 ± 0.07 mm), and springiness (0.76 ± 0.01) is also found in Y20. Considering sensory characteristics perception, no significant difference has been found in textural characteristics perception of Y10 and Y20 containing KCl at 10%w/w and 20% w/w, respectively, in the presence of YSF with control sample (Y). The overall acceptability is also found to be more influenced by texture perception(r = 0.827, p < .00).
Hordeum vulgareL. microgreen mitigates reproductive dysfunction and oxidative stress in streptozotocin‐induced diabetes and aflatoxicosis in male rats
Authors: Khattab Marwa S. , Aly Tahany A. A. , Mohamed Sara M. , Naguib Abdel Moneim M. , AL‐Farga Ammar , Abdel‐Rahim Emam A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus type 2 (DM) is a common chronic disease worldwide, which may be due to increased environmental pollution. Aflatoxin B1 is a likely inevitable contaminant in food and dairy products. Both DM and aflatoxicosis exert a deleterious effect on reproduction urging the exploration of various functional food for protection. This study investigated the effect of barley microgreen (BM) on reproductive disorders caused by DM with or without aflatoxicosis in male rats. Rats were divided into eight groups; G1 control, G2 barley, G3 aflatoxin, G4 aflatoxin‐barley, G5 streptozotocin (STZ), G6 STZ‐barley, G7 STZ‐aflatoxin, and G8 STZ‐aflatoxin‐barley. BM chemical composition revealed elevated calcium, iron, phosphorus, and vitamin A compared with barely seeds. Complete blood picture, lipid profile, serum oxidative stress parameters, relative testicular weight, sperm analysis, chromosomal aberration, and testis histopathology were performed. The lipid profile was altered significantly in G7. Oxidative stress was increased in G3, G5, and G7, whereas it was decreased in BM‐treated groups. Sperm counts were reduced significantly in aflatoxin and/or STZ groups but increased significantly in BM‐treated groups. Sperm morphological abnormalities and chromosomal aberrations were decreased significantly in BM‐treated groups compared with untreated groups. Testicular histopathology revealed moderate diffuse degeneration of seminiferous tubules in aflatoxin and/or STZ groups, which were alleviated in BM‐treated groups. In conclusion, aflatoxin and STZ together caused severe reproductive disorder and oxidative stress more than aflatoxin or STZ alone. BM diet reduced significantly oxidative stress and reproductive disorder associated with DM and aflatoxicosis in rats.
Tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of Shillong Plateau, North East India through the Permian‐Eocene window
Authors: Ali Mohammed Amir , Duarah Bhagawat Pran 
Published: July 2022

The Shillong Plateau in the north‐eastern Indian Plate signifies a cut‐off patch of the Indian Peninsular Shield, bordered by fault and thrust sheets, with thick alluvium cover along its periphery. The basement rock in the plateau accomplished about 2 km relief difference with the adjoining Sylhet Trough of Bangladesh in the south. The plateau witnessed Permo‐Carboniferous Gondwana sedimentation at its western margin, with Early Cretaceous basaltic traps and continuous fluvio‐marine sedimentation along its southern edge since the late Cretaceous. Although it is largely believed that strike‐slip movement along the Dauki Fault shifted the plateau about 250 km eastward, however, the driving mechanism for Shillong Plateau detachment and conversion of rift‐intercratonic basin to platformal configuration has drawn more attraction. This article focuses on the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of Shillong Plateau and its adjoining regions on the basis of previous works, to try to understand the distinct tectonic and environmental factors. Early Permian continental rifting to the south‐west of the plateau and south‐east and south‐west of the Malda High presumably separated the Shillong Plateau from Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex (CGGC). Extrusion of Rajmahal Traps west of the Malda High and Bengal‐Sylhet‐Mikir volcanism along an Early Cretaceous geofracture probably accelerated the east‐northeast migration of Shillong Plateau with respect to the CGGC. Since the Late Cretaceous, sedimentation at the southern fringe of Shillong Plateau commenced with an intracratonic basin which gradually transformed into a passive margin configuration during the Late Palaeocene‐Eocene Epoch during growth of the Indian Ocean. Differential subsidence in southern Shillong Plateau caused clastic sedimentation without considerable transportation. At the beginning, the Late Cretaceous intracratonic basin had received volcanoclastic, fluvio‐lacustrine sediments in a series of graben/half‐grabens associated with extensional faulting and volcanism, as represented by the Lower Mahadek and Jadukata formations in the plateau. The upper Mahadek and later Palaeogene sequences along the southern margin of the plateau record marine sedimentation, initiated with an estuarine‐marshy environment during the Late Cretaceous to Palaeocene, followed by a platformal marine succession since the Mid‐Eocene. The Calcutta‐Mymensingh Eocene Hinge Zone that separates a stable shelf from the deep basinal part might be traced through the south‐eastern fringe of Shillong Plateau and presumably continues further north‐east between the Naga and Disang thrusts in the eastern part of Dhansiri Valley.
Comparison of human skin‐ and nerve‐derived Schwann cells reveals many similarities and subtle genomic and functional differences
Authors: Chu Tak‐Ho , Baral Kabita , Labit Elodie , Rosin Nicole , Sinha Sarthak , Umansky Daniel , Alzahrani Saud , Arora Rohit , Cao Leslie , Rancourt Derrick , Biernaskie Jeff , Midha Rajiv 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSkin is an easily accessible tissue and a rich source of Schwann cells (SCs). Toward potential clinical application of autologous SC therapies, we aim to improve the reliability and specificity of our protocol to obtain SCs from small skin samples. As well, to explore potential functional distinctions between skin‐derived SCs (Sk‐SCs) and nerve‐derived SCs (N‐SCs), we used single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. Our results showed that Sk‐SCs expressed typical SC markers. Single‐cell sequencing of Sk‐ and N‐SCs revealed an overwhelming overlap in gene expression with the exception of HLA genes which were preferentially up‐regulated in Sk‐SCs. In vitro, both cell types exhibited similar levels of proliferation, migration, uptake of myelin debris and readily associated with neurites when co‐cultured with human iPSC‐induced motor neurons. Both exhibited ensheathment of multiple neurites and early phase of myelination, especially in N‐SCs. Interestingly, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurite outgrowth assay showed substantially more complexed neurite outgrowth in DRGs exposed to Sk‐SC conditioned media compared to those from N‐SCs. Multiplex ELISA array revealed shared growth factor profiles, but Sk‐SCs expressed a higher level of VEGF. Transplantation of Sk‐ and N‐SCs into injured peripheral nerve in nude rats and NOD‐SCID mice showed close association of both SCs to regenerating axons. Myelination of rodent axons was observed infrequently by N‐SCs, but absent in Sk‐SC xenografts. Overall, our results showed that Sk‐SCs share near‐identical properties to N‐SCs but with subtle differences that could potentially enhance their therapeutic utility.
Highly accurate retinotopic maps of the physiological blind spot in human visual cortex
Authors: Urale Poutasi W. B. , Puckett Alexander M. , York Ashley , Arnold Derek , Schwarzkopf D. Samuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe physiological blind spot is a naturally occurring scotoma corresponding with the optic disc in the retina of each eye. Even during monocular viewing, observers are usually oblivious to the scotoma, in part because the visual system extrapolates information from the surrounding area. Unfortunately, studying this visual field region with neuroimaging has proven difficult, as it occupies only a small part of retinotopic cortex. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging and a novel data‐driven method for mapping the retinotopic organization in and around the blind spot representation in V1. Our approach allowed for highly accurate reconstructions of the extent of an observer’s blind spot, and out‐performed conventional model‐based analyses. This method opens exciting opportunities to study the plasticity of receptive fields after visual field loss, and our data add to evidence suggesting that the neural circuitry responsible for impressions of perceptual completion across the physiological blind spot most likely involves regions of extrastriate cortex—beyond V1.
RNA helicase DEAD‐box protein 5 alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression via tethering TSC complex and suppressing mTORC1 signaling
Authors: Zhang Yanqiu , Ye Shengtao , Lu Weijia , Zhong Jiawen , Leng Yingrong , Yang Ting , Luo Jun , Xu Wenjun , Zhang Hao , Kong Lingyi 
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its progressive form, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are rapidly becoming the top causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently, there are no approved therapies for the treatment of NASH. DEAD‐box protein 5 (DDX5) plays important roles in different cellular processes. However, the precise role of DDX5 in NASH remains unclear.

Approach and Results:
DDX5 expression was downregulated in patients with NASH, mouse models with diet‐induced NASH (high‐fat diet [HFD], methionine‐ and choline‐deficient diet, and choline‐deficient HFD), mouse models with NASH‐HCC (diethylnitrosamine with HFD), and palmitic acid–stimulated hepatocytes. Adeno‐associated virus–mediated DDX5 overexpression ameliorates hepatic steatosis and inflammation, whereas its deletion worsens such pathology. The untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out to investigate the mechanism of DDX5 in NASH and NASH‐HCC, which suggested the regulatory effect of DDX5 on lipid metabolism. DDX5 inhibits mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation by recruiting the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)1/2 complex to mTORC1, thus improving lipid metabolism and attenuating the NACHT‐, leucine‐rich‐repeat (LRR)‐, and pyrin domain (PYD)‐containing protein 3 inflammasome activation. We further identified that the phytochemical compound hyperforcinol K directly interacted with DDX5 and prevented its ubiquitinated degradation mediated by ubiquitin ligase (E3) tripartite motif protein 5, thereby significantly reducing lipid accumulation and inflammation in a NASH mouse model.

Conclusions:
These findings provide mechanistic insight into the role of DDX5 in mTORC1 regulation and NASH progression, as well as suggest a number of targets and a promising lead compound for therapeutic interventions against NASH.
Network meta‐analysis of randomized trials in multiple myeloma: Efficacy and safety in frontline therapy for patients not eligible for transplant
Authors: Botta Cirino , Gigliotta Emilia , Paiva Bruno , Anselmo Rita , Santoro Marco , Otero Paula Rodriguez , Carlisi Melania , Conticello Concetta , Romano Alessandra , Solimando Antonio Giovanni , Cerchione Claudio , Vià Matteo Da , Bolli Niccolò , Correale Pierpaolo , Di Raimondo Francesco , Gentile Massimo , San Miguel Jesus , Siragusa Sergio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe treatment scenario for newly‐diagnosed transplant‐ineligible multiple myeloma patients (NEMM) is quickly evolving. Currently, combinations of proteasome inhibitors and/or immunomodulatory drugs +/− the monoclonal antibody Daratumumab are used for first‐line treatment, even if head‐to‐head comparisons are lacking. To compare efficacy and safety of these regimens, we performed a network meta‐analysis of 27 phase 2/3 randomized trials including a total of 12,935 patients and 23 different schedules. Four efficacy/outcome and one safety indicators were extracted and integrated to obtain (for each treatment) the surface under the cumulative ranking‐curve (SUCRA), a metric used to build a ranking chart. With a mean SUCRA of 83.8 and 80.08 respectively, VMP + Daratumumab (DrVMP) and Rd + Daratumumab (DrRd) reached the top of the chart. However, SUCRA is designed to work for single outcomes. To overcome this limitation, we undertook a dimensionality reduction approach through a principal component analysis, that unbiasedly grouped the 23 regimens into three different subgroups. On the bases of our results, we demonstrated that first line treatment for NEMM should be based on DrRd (most active, but continuous treatment), DrVMP (quite “fixed‐time” treatment), or, alternatively, VRD and that, surprisingly, melphalan as well as Rd doublets still deserve a role in this setting.
Gendered motives towards hybrid entrepreneurial intentions: Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Liu Zhiyang , Wu Guixing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHybrid entrepreneurship research is to probe into the increasingly widespread phenomenon of “employment + entrepreneurship” in real life, and to break the traditional practice of dichotomizing self‐employment and employment. Hybrid entrepreneurship provides entrepreneurs with another employment alternative by combining entrepreneurship and employment. By analyzing data collected mainly from prospective entrepreneurs in China, this paper aims to explore the main influencing factors of hybrid entrepreneurial intentions, in particular how gender moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial motives and hybrid entrepreneurial intentions. Empirical findings reveal that gender differences are evident in prospective entrepreneurs who are motivated to be self‐employed by necessity‐driven factors and those who aim to test the waters of entrepreneurship via the hybrid path.
Explicit solvent repulsive scaling replica exchange molecular dynamics (RS‐REMD) in molecular modeling of protein‐glycosaminoglycan complexes
Authors: Marcisz Mateusz , Gaardløs Margrethe , Bojarski Krzysztof K. , Siebenmorgen Till , Zacharias Martin , Samsonov Sergey A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlycosaminoglcyans (GAGs), linear anionic periodic polysaccharides, are crucial for many biologically relevant functions in the extracellular matrix. By interacting with proteins GAGs mediate processes such as cancer development, cell proliferation and the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite this eminent importance of GAGs, they still represent a limited focus for the computational community in comparison to other classes of biomolecules. Therefore, there is a lack of modeling tools designed specifically for docking GAGs. One has to rely on existing docking software developed mostly for small drug molecules substantially differing from GAGs in their basic physico‐chemical properties. In this study, we present an updated protocol for docking GAGs based on the Repulsive Scaling Replica Exchange Molecular Dynamics (RS‐REMD) that includes explicit solvent description. The use of this water model improved docking performance both in terms of its accuracy and speed. This method represents a significant computational progress in GAG‐related research.
Therapy from my point of view: A case illustration of routine outcome monitoring and feedback in psychotherapeutic interventions
Authors: Demir Selin , Schwarz Franziska , Kaiser Tim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLately, the use of patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) to adapt and improve ongoing psychotherapeutic treatments has become more widespread. Their main purpose is to support data‐informed, collaborative treatment decisions which include the patient's point of view on their progress. In case of nonresponse or deterioration, these systems are able to warn clinicians and guide the process “back on track” in treatment. In this case illustration, the Greifswald Psychotherapy Navigator System (GPNS) detected the deterioration of 19‐year‐old Sarah during the first eight sessions of cognitive‐behavioral therapy for social anxiety and depression. Here, the GPNS helped the therapist gain insight as to how Sarah's social anxiety affected their treatment and adjust her strategy accordingly. Using the symptom curves and progress scales of the GPNS, the therapist was able to then address her patient's struggles in detail during their sessions and with her supervisor. After adapting her therapeutic approach, the patient's deterioration could be averted while simultaneously strengthening their communication in the process. Clinical implications and the benefits of using PROM systems for evidence‐based personalization of psychotherapy are presented.