bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of the notions of distributed ledger technologies and digital assets for harmonization of their joint use
Authors: Vlasov A. V. 
Published: December 2022

Objective:to analyze the transforming socio-economic relations of the new “digital normality”, to which end the task is solved of bringing into line the terminology used in business turnover between various participants in the digital assets market, in the practical financial activities of economic entities arising in a specific territory, in a certain legal field, and contained in the recommendatory technical documentation (standards).Methods:the article uses systematic and analytical approaches, logical and comparative methods.Results:despite the active use of distributed ledger technologies, theory and practice are currently characterized by a large number of legal and business definitions describing the organization of business processes in this area. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the meaning of various terms of the digital economy was studied. In the course of studying technical terminology, such concepts as a distributed ledger, network nodes, blockchain, etc. were defined. The analysis of financial and economic terms is based on fintech definitions, such as digital asset, cryptocurrency, digital currency, digital financial asset, token, etc. The terms of the digital economy are considered from the perspective of so-called tokenomics, including such as token ecosystem, DLT user, DLT platform, decentralized application, etc.Scientific novelty: the terminology obtained was structured as a theoretical basis with a specification for the digital asset market and use in financial market reform.Practical significance: this review has been prepared: 1) to systematically familiarize the professional community with existing trends; 2) to harmonize socio-economic relations by developing common local recommendations (standards); 3) to develop the market for digital assets produced using distributed ledger technologies through understanding basic concepts.
GATA2 as an outcome signature: promoting bladder cancer migration and inhibiting PD-L1 expression
Authors: Sun Siqing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Embryonic development is regulated by stem cells, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with cell stemness ; nevertheless, the EMT regulation by embryonic development-related genes has not been studied. Immune checkpoints exert an essential effect in tumor treatment ; however, their regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Methods

We obtained clinicopathological and transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Embryonic development- associated genes were obtained from The Human Gene Database. We identified genes using univariate Cox regression analysis and identified various subtypes using consensus clustering analysis. Immunoassays were performed using the CIBERSORT package and Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in the Malignant Tumor tissues using an expression data algorithm. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm and multivariate Cox regression analysis were adopted to generate the prognostic model. We used the OCLR and TIDE algorithms. We conducted functional experiments.

Results

Twenty-two embryonic development-associated genes were risk factors for bladder cancer, and their expression levels significantly correlated with the TNM stage. We assessed the extent of immune infiltration, regulation of immune checkpoints, and responses to immune checkpoint blockade based on these genes. These risk genes were associated with EMT and modulated immune checkpoints. Cellular experiments demonstrated that EVC2 and GATA2 drive BLCA migration. GATA2 regulated the PD-L1 expression.

Conclusion

We identified three critical genes: RUNX2, GATA2 and EVC2. These three genes are related to EMT and immune cell infiltration and are independent prognostic elements for BLCA.
Potential effects of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 on the immunity and prognosis of neuroblastoma
Authors: Ma Yingxuan , Lu Li , Li Zhi , Xu Weijue , Liu Jiangbin , Guo Ting , Wu Yibo , Tan Kezhe , Wu Wei , Zheng Lulu , Fan Feilong , Gong Zhenhua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The present study utilized bioinformatics techniques and data from the GEO, TARGET, and ArrayExpress databases to compare gene expression in INSS4 and INSS1 neuroblastomas (NBs), thereby identifying metabolites with different levels of expression and predicting the prognosis of patients with NB.
METHODS
Genes of patients with INSS4 and INSS1 NBs from the GEO database were screened, with those having ཛྷlog2fold change (FC)ཛྷ>3 and adjusted P < 0.05 defined as being differentially expressed. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened to obtain clinical data and RNA sequence datasets from NB patients in the TARGET database. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis identified prognosis-related genes, which were incorporated into a prognosis model. Based on median risk scores, these patients were divided into high and low-risk groups. Their survival rates were compared, and ROC curves were used to analyze predictive values for NB. NB patients were also divided into two clusters by consensus clustering based on levels of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 expression. Immune infiltration analyses were performed using GSEA, ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and ssGSEA. Tumor tissue of 17 NB patients was used for experimental verification and their survival was compared.
Result
Analysis of three datasets identified 62 up-regulated genes and 163 down-regulated genes. The prognostic model predicted that the areas under the 3-year and 5-year survival curves were 0.786 and 0.817, respectively. Levels of expression of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 accounted for the highest percentage of risk scores and were included in follow-up analysis. Samples were consistently clustered according to their expression matrix. POLR2H was more highly expressed in cluster 2, whereas DYNC1I2 was more highly expressed in cluster 1. The survival rate of cluster 1 was significantly higher than that of cluster 2. Experimental verification in 17 NB patients showed that these patients could also be divided into two groups, which differed significantly in mortality hazard ratio (HR 9.37 P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The expression of POLR2H and DYNC1I2 affects the immune microenvironment of NB and can affect patient prognosis. These factors can be used to refine clinical groupings, guide personalized treatment, and suggest new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of NB.
Uncertainty quantification in mechanistic epidemic models via cross-entropy approximate Bayesian computation
Authors: Cunha Americo , Barton David A W , Ritto Thiago G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a data-driven machine learning framework for parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification in epidemic models based on two key ingredients: (i) prior parameters learning via the cross-entropy method and (ii) update of the model calibration and uncertainty propagation through approximate Bayesian computation. The effectiveness of the new methodology is illustrated with the aid of actual data from COVID-19 epidemic at Rio de Janeiro city in Brazil, employing an ordinary differential equation based model with a generalized SEIR-type mechanistic structure that includes time-dependent transmission rate, asymptomatics, and hospitalizations. A minimization problem with two cost terms (number of hospitalizations and deaths) is formulated, and twelve parameters are identified. The calibrated model provides a consistent description of the available data, able to extrapolate forecasts over a few weeks, which makes the proposed methodology very appealing for use in the context of real-time epidemic modeling.
Surgical treatment of carpometacarpal thumb arthritis with trapeziectomy and intra-tendon (FCR) suspension with one-loop APL: comparative cohort study.
Authors: PASSIATORE MARCO , TACCARDO GIUSEPPE , CILLI VITALE , ROVERE GIUSEPPE , LIUZZA FRANCESCO , PANNUTO LUCIA , DE VITIS ROCCO 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
One of the currents choices of treatment for Trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint arthritis is trapeziectomy with ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition arthroplasty. The original Ceruso’s technique consists in complete trapezial excision and abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendon suspension. APL tendon is tied to the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon with two loops, one around it and one inside, and then used as interposition tissue. The purpose of the present study was to compare two different techniques of trapeziectomy with ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition arthroplasty using the Abductor Pollicis Longus (APL) tendon, which is only Once Looped Around (OLA) versus Once Looped Inside (OLI) the Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) tendon.
Methods
The present retrospective one-center study (Level of evidence: III) has been conducted on sixty-seven patients aged more than 55 years (33 OLI, 35 OLA), assessing clinical outcomes at least 2 years follow-up. The outcomes were to assess and compare surgical outcomes comparing the two groups, in terms of subjective and objective evaluation for both groups at the last follow-up (primary outcome), and at the intermediate follow-ups (three and six months). Complications were also assessed.
Results
The authors found an improvement in pain, range of motion, and function, with equivalent results with both techniques. None subsidence was observed. FCR tendinitis was significantly reduced with OLI, as well as the need of post-operative physiotherapy.
Conclusions
The one-loop technique allows for reduced surgical exposure, providing excellent suspension and clinical outcomes. Intra FCR loop should be preferred to improve post-surgical recovery.
Home confinement's impact on myopia control by using orthokeratology in school-aged children
Authors: Zhang Boyuan , Liao Hongfei , Xiong Fen , Mao Tian , Wu Lili , Li Yue , Xiong Chao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background： Home confinement during the epidemic has a significant impact on the lifestyle and behavior of school-aged children, who have exhibited an increase in the prevalence and development of myopia. Our research will look at how home confinement affects the effectiveness of orthokeratology in controlling myopia in school-aged children.
Method: Data on axial length were gathered from school-aged children who had received orthokeratology before the outbreak, with phone follow-up visits to these patients to collect AL data after the epidemic. The entire data were separated into subgroups based on gender, age, and initial refraction, and the AL change for each period was calculated using the formula defined in our study. Finally, the acquired data will be examined using various statistical approaches, and the ideas of slow, moderate, and rapid myopia progression will be applied to our study.
Result: A total of 258 study subjects met the requirements to be included in the study. We discovered that the fraction of rapid myopia growth increased during the epidemic and decreased afterward in each group. In addition, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test between the AL changes before and during the epidemic was found to be statistically significant in 171 subjects in the overall data. (P=0.041) In the high age group, the AL change before and during the epidemic、(P=0.033) the AL change before and after the epidemic (P=0.023) were found to be statistically significant. The AL change before and during the epidemic (P=0.035) was shown to be statistically significant in the moderate myopia group. Finally, we did not find statistically significant results for other groups.
Conclusion: Home confinement does negatively affect myopia control with orthokeratology, and older children (13-17 years) were more likely to be affected than younger children (8-12 years), and there was no evidence to support this effect subsided even after the home confinement. Children with initial refraction of -3.25D to -5.0D were more susceptible than those with initial refraction of -0.5D to -3.0D.
Patterns of coexistence between two mesocarnivores in presence of anthropogenic disturbances in Western Himalaya
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Meghna , Biswas Suvankar , Dasgupta Tryambak , Krishnamurthy Ramesh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Species' coexistence depends on species-specific resource utilization in a given habitat. Human disturbances in this context can constrain the realized niche by altering their community dynamics. In this study, we considered Western Himalaya as a case study to test the hypothesis that human disturbances influence mesocarnivore coexistence patterns. We regarded red fox and leopard cat as the focal species and assessed the coexistence patterns in low and high human disturbance areas in three dimensions: spatial, temporal and dietary habit. We used camera trap detections and mitochondrial DNA-based species identification of faecal samples. We used generalized linear mixed-effect modelling (GLMM), activity overlap, Levin’s niche breadth and Pianka’s overlap index to capture the spatial, temporal and dietary interactions respectively. We found that red fox and leopard cat coexisted by spatial segregation in low human disturbance area, whereas dietary segregation was the means of coexistence in high human disturbance area. We observed a broader dietary breadth for red fox and a narrower for leopard cat in high human disturbance area. The altered coexistence pattern due to differential human disturbances indicates intensive anthropogenic activities adjacent to natural forests. It can link to increased opportunities for shared spaces between mesocarnivores and humans, leading to future disease spread and conflicts. Our study contributes to scant ecological knowledge of these mesocarnivores and adds to our understanding of community dynamics in human-altered ecosystems. The study elucidates the need for long-term monitoring of wildlife inhabiting interface areas to ensure human and wildlife coexistence.
Driving factors of NOX emission reduction in China's power industry: Based on LMDI decomposition model
Authors: Guo Sen , Liu Guolei , Liu Shixuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, starting from the synergistic effect of carbon dioxide emission reduction on nitrogen oxides emission reduction in the power industry, the "bottom-up" emission factor method was used to measure the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide generated by the power production activities of the Chinese power industry from 2011 to 2019. Then, the contributions of nine factors to nitrogen oxide emission reduction in China's power industry were identified using the Kaya identity and Logistic Mean Divided Index (LMDI) decomposition methods. The research results show that: (1) there is a significant synergistic emission reduction effect between carbon dioxide emission reduction and nitrogen oxide emission reduction; (2) the factors that inhibit the growth of nitrogen oxide emissions reduction in the power industry are roughly energy structure and economic development factors; (3) the main factors that promote the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions from the power industry are energy intensity, power production structure and the power generation intensity factors. Based on the results, several suggestions are proposed, which are the power industry should adjust its structure, improve energy intensity, focus on applying low-nitrogen combustion technology, and improve the air pollutant emission information disclosure system to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions.
People with higher autistic traits show stronger binding for color–shape associations
Authors: Chen Na , Watanabe Katsumi , Spence Charles , Wada Makoto 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-synesthetes exhibit a tendency to associate specific shapes with particular colors (i.e., circle–red, triangle–yellow, and square–blue). Such color–shape associations (CSAs) could potentially affect the feature binding of colors and shapes, thus resulting in people reporting more binding errors in the case of incongruent, rather than congruent, colored-shape pairs. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit atypical sensory processing and impaired multisensory integration. Here, we examined whether autistic traits (Autism-Spectrum Quotient; AQ) influence the strength of color–shape associations, as evidenced by the occurrence of binding errors. Participants took part in an experiment designed to reveal binding errors induced by incongruent and congruent colored-shape pairs, and completed the AQ–50 Japanese version. The results revealed a significant correlation between AQ scores and occurrence of binding errors when participants were presented with the circle–red and triangle–yellow CSAs: That is, individuals with higher autistic traits tend to make more binding errors in incongruent minus congruent colored-shape pairs, indicating a stronger binding of circle–red and triangle–yellow associations. These results therefore suggest that autistic traits play a role in forming color–shape associations, shedding light on the nature of both color–shape associations and autistic perception.
Mental Health Outcomes Before Psychotropic Medications: A Retrospective Case Series of State Hospital Records from 1945-1954
Authors: Chapleau Ann Marie , Harrison Jennifer , Love Stephen , Sherman David Steven 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Current outcomes for mental illness are widely regarded as poor. Since the introduction of psychotropic medications in the mid 1950's, previous psychosocial practices were minimized in favor of medication focused treatment. The majority of large U.S. state hospitals have closed with records destroyed or in storage, inaccessible to researchers. This creates barriers to studying and comparing outcomes before and after this shift in treatment practices.
Aims: The study aim was to examine discharge outcomes in relation to length of stay and diagnosis in one U.S. state hospital.
Methods: This case series study examined 5,618 medical records of participants admitted from 1945-1954, the decade prior to adoption of psychotropic medications.
Results: Of the 3332 individuals who left the facility, over half (59.87%) of first episode hospitalizations were discharged within one year, and only 16.95% were hospitalized for more than five years. 46.17% of all admissions were discharged from hospital alive with no readmission. The most common diagnoses included schizophrenia, other forms of psychosis, and alcoholism. In the decade before the introduction of psychotropic medications, participants were often admitted for a single episode and returned to their homes within several years.
Conclusions: This data challenges the erroneous assumption that prior to the introduction of psychotropic medications, participants were routinely hospitalized for years or decades and did not improve, never returning home.
To molt or not to molt: The dilemma of acquiring sexual maturity while losing durability and dispersal ability in Phorytocarpais fimetorum mites (Acari; Gamasida; Parasitidae)
Authors: Yasui Yukio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dispersal from birthplace is an effective strategy to cope with unpredictable environmental change. In many animals, dispersal is carried out prior to mating and reproduction to avoid inbreeding. However, this also means that the dispersers must find mates in the new habitat. Phorytocarpais fimetorum (Acari; Parasitidae) (= former name Parasitus fimetorum) is a free-living predatory mite inhabiting animal dung and manure. In such ephemeral habitats, the mites quickly develop from egg to deutonymph as the environmentally tolerant, dispersal stage. After dispersal to new habitats utilizing dung beetles as phoretic hosts, deutonymphs have to decide whether to molt to adulthood by losing their tolerance and migration ability or not to molt and continue dispersal. Here, using molt-suppressing deutonymphs that were obtained under isolated conditions, I investigated whether food conditions (amount of rearing medium bearing nematodes as prey) and encounters with conspecifics stimulate their molting. A drastic increase in food resources induced molting in both sexes, but the responses to the pairing treatment were different between sexes. Whereas female deutonymphs molted at the encounter with males regardless of whether they were deutonymphs or adults, molting of male deutonymphs was induced only at the pairing with female deutonymphs (not adult females). Because adult females are usually nonvirgin and have already started oviposition, the males seemed to discriminate against them. The decision about molting is understandable as a male mate choice, which is adaptive to the limited mating opportunities in ephemeral environments.
miRNA Expression Profile in Pediatric Pineal Pure Germinomas
Authors: Fakhry Mona , Elayadi Moatasem , Elzayat Mariam , Samir Omar , Maher Eslam , Taha Hala , El-Beltagy Mohamed , Refaat Amal , Zamzam Manal , Abdelbaki Mohamed S , Sayed Ahmed , Kieran Mark , Elhaddad Alaa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pure germinomas account for 40% of pineal tumors and are characterized by the lack of appreciable tumor markers, thus requiring a tumor biopsy for diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for germ cell tumors and may facilitate the non-invasive diagnosis of pure pineal germinomas.
Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed of all patients treated at Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt diagnosed with a pineal region tumor between June 2013 and March 2021 for whom a research blood sample was available. Plasma samples were profiled for miRNA expression and DESeq2 was used to compare between pure germinoma and other tumor types. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to evaluate diagnostic performance.
Results
Samples from 39 pediatric patients were available including 12 pure germinomas and 27 pineal region tumors of other pathologies, including pineal origin tumors [n = 17; pineoblastoma (n = 13), and pineal parenchymal tumors of intermediate differentiation (n = 4)], and others [n = 10; low grade glioma (n = 6) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (n = 4)]. Using an adjusted p value < 0.05, three miRNAs showed differential expression (miR-143-3p, miR-320c, miR-320d; adjusted p = 0.0058, p = 0.0478 and p = 0.0366, respectively), and good discriminatory power between the two groups (AUC 90.7%, p < 0.001) with a sensitivity of 25% and a specificity of 100%.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated the potential of a three-plasma miRNA signature to non-invasively identify pineal body pure germinomas which may allow selected patients to avoid the potential surgical complications.