bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of physiological responses of running on a nonmotorized and conventional motor-propelled treadmill at similar intensities
Authors: Sousa Filipe A. B. , Manchado-Gobatto Fúlvia B. , de A. Rodrigues Natália , de Araujo Gustavo G. , Gobatto Claudio A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to test the agreement of the incremental test's physiological responses between tethered running on a nonmotorized treadmill (NMT) to matched relative intensities while running on a conventional motorized treadmill (MT). Using a within-subject crossover design, nine male recreational runners (age = 22 ± 5 years; height = 175 ± 6 cm; weight = 68.0 ± 16.6 kg) underwent two test sessions: one was an incremental intensity protocol on an MT; the other was on an instrumented NMT. Intensity thresholds at $${\dot{\text V}}$$

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O2max, respiratory compensation point (iRCP), and lactate threshold (iLT) were registered for analysis, together with $${\dot{\text V}}$$

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̇O2, $${\dot{\text V}}$$

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̇E, ƒR, and blood lactate concentration ([Lac]). Comparisons were based on hypothesis testing (Student's T-test), effect sizes (Cohen's d), ICC, and Bland Altman analysis. Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05. Attained $${\dot{\text V}}$$

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O2max (MT = 52.2 ± 7.3 mL·kg-1·min-1 vs NMT = 50.1 ± 8.1 mL·kg-1·min-1) and $${\dot{\text V}}$$

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̇O2 at iRCP (MT = 46.3 ± 7.2 mL·kg-1·min-1 vs NMT = 42.8 ± 9.3 mL·kg-1·min-1) were not different between ergometers (p = 0.15 and 0.13, respectively), with significant ICCs (0.84 and 0.70, respectively) and Pearson’s correlations (r = 0.87 and 0.76, respectively). The [Lac] at iLT presented poor agreement between conditions. Significant correlations were found (r between 0.72 and 0.83) for relative power values of i$${\dot{\text V}}$$

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O2max (6.56 ± 1.28 W·kg−1), iRCP (4.38 ± 1.50 W·kg−1), and iLT (4.15 ± 1.29 W·kg−1) related to their counterpart obtained on MT. Results show that running on an NMT offers a higher glycolytic demand under the same relative internal load as running on an MT but with a similar aerobic response and correlated intensity determination.
Modelling rate of penetration in drilling operations using RBF, MLP, LSSVM, and DT models
Authors: Riazi Mohsen , Mehrjoo Hossein , Nakhaei Reza , Jalalifar Hossein , Shateri Mohammadhadi , Riazi Masoud , Ostadhassan Mehdi , Hemmati-Sarapardeh Abdolhossein 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the most important problems that the drilling industry faces is drilling cost. Many factors affect the cost of drilling. Increasing drilling time has a significant role in increasing drilling costs. One of the solutions to reduce drilling time is to optimize the drilling rate. Drilling wells at the optimum time will reduce the time and thus reduce the cost of drilling. The drilling rate depends on different factors, some of which are controllable and some are uncontrollable. In this study, several smart models and a correlation were proposed to predict the rate of penetration (ROP) which is very important for planning a drilling operation. 5040 real data points from a field in the South of Iran have been used. The ROP was modelled using Radial Basis Function, Decision Tree (DT), Least Square Vector Machine (LSSVM), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). Bayesian Regularization Algorithm (BRA), Scaled Conjugate Gradient Algorithm and Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm were employed to train MLP and Gradient Boosting (GB) was used for DT. To evaluate the accuracy of the developed models, both graphical and statistical techniques were used. The results showed that DT-GB model with an R2of 0.977, has the best performance, followed by LSSVM and MLP-BRA with R2of 0.971 and 0.969, respectively. Aside from that, the proposed empirical correlation has an acceptable accuracy in spite of simplicity. Moreover, sensitivity analysis illustrated that depth and pump pressure have the highest effects on ROP. In addition, the leverage approach approved that the developed DT-GB model is valid statistically and about 1% of the data are suspected or out of the applicability domain of the model.
Cumulative effects of widespread landscape change alter predator–prey dynamics
Authors: Boucher Nicole P. , Anderson Morgan , Ladle Andrew , Procter Chris , Marshall Shelley , Kuzyk Gerald , Starzomski Brian M. , Fisher Jason T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPredator search efficiency can be enhanced by anthropogenic landscape change, leading to increased predator–prey encounters and subsequent prey population declines. Logging increases early successional vegetation, providing ungulate forage. This increased forage, however, is accompanied by linear feature networks that increase predator hunting efficiency by facilitating predator movement and increasing prey vulnerability. We used integrated step selection analyses to weigh support for multiple hypotheses representing the combined impact of logging features (cutblocks and linear features) on wolf (Canis lupus) movement and habitat selection in interior British Columbia. Further, we examine the relationship between logging and wolf kill-sites of moose (Alces alces) identified using spatiotemporal wolf location cluster analysis. Wolves selected for linear features, which increased their movement rates. New (0–8 years since harvest) cutblocks were selected by wolves. Moose kill-sites had a higher probability of occurring in areas with higher proportions of new and regenerating (9–24 years since harvest) cutblocks. The combined selection and movement responses by wolves to logging features, coupled with increased moose mortality sites associated with cutblocks, indicate that landscape change increases risk for moose. Cumulative effects of landscape change contribute to moose population declines, stressing the importance of cohesive management and restoration of anthropogenic features.
Effects of technology-supported brain breaks videos on exercise self-efficacy among type 2 diabetes mellitus Malaysians
Authors: Hidrus Aizuddin , Kueh Yee Cheng , Norsa’adah Bachok , Chang Yu-Kai , Kuan Garry 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe technology supported Brain Breaks (BB) videos are a series of structured, web-based physical activity (PA) videos designed to promote learning and health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of BB videos on exercise self-efficacy (ESE) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using the Malay-versioned exercise self-efficacy scale (ESE-M). The study used a double-blind research design and was randomised into two groups: (1) The Technology Supported BB intervention group, and (2) the control group. 70 T2DM patients with a mean age of 57.6 years (SD = 8.5) were recruited from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. For 4 months, participants in the intervention group were required to undertake PA every day using the BB videos (approximately 10 min). Both groups completed the ESE-M at pre-intervention, the end of the first month, the second month, the third month, and post-intervention. For the data analysis, a mixed factorial analysis of variance was used. The results showed that at the end of the intervention, the two groups’ ESE was significantly different (p < 0.001). From pre- to post-intervention, the intervention group’s ESE-M mean scores improved significantly. Technology-supported BB videos may be an effective strategy for improving ESE in T2DM patients.
Chronology of embryonic and gonadal development in the Reeves’ turtle, Mauremys reevesii
Authors: Akashi Hiroshi , Kubota Manami , Yamamoto Hibiki , Miyaoku Kaori , Yamagishi Genki , Miyagawa Shinichi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTemperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) is a mechanism in which environmental temperature, rather than innate zygotic genotype, determines the fate of sexual differentiation during embryonic development. Reeves’ turtle (also known as the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle, Mauremys reevesii) exhibits TSD and is the only species whose genome has been determined in Geoemydidae to date. Thus, M. reevesii occupy phylogenetically important position for the study of TSD and can be compared to other TSD species to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of this process. Nevertheless, neither embryogenesis nor gonadogenesis has been described in this species. Therefore, herein, we investigated the chronology of normal embryonic development and gonadal structures in M. reevesii under both female- and male-producing incubation temperatures (FPT 31 °C or MPT 26 °C, respectively). External morphology remains indistinct between the two temperature regimes throughout the studied embryonic stages. However, the gonadal ridges present on the mesonephros at stage 16 develop and sexually differentiate at FPT and MPT. Ovarian and testicular structures begin to develop at stages 18–19 at FPT and stages 20–21 at MPT, respectively, and thus, the sexual differentiation of gonadal structures began earlier in the embryos at FPT than at MPT. Our results suggest that temperature sensitive period, at which the gonadal structures remain sexually undifferentiated, spans from stage 16 (or earlier) to stages 18–19 at FPT and to stages 20–21 at MPT. Understanding the temperature-dependent differentiation in gonadal structures during embryonic development is a prerequisite for investigating molecular basis underlying TSD. Thus, the result of the present study will facilitate further developmental studies on TSD in M. reevesii.
The spatial spillover effect of environmental regulation on the total factor productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in China
Authors: Wu Qijie , Li Yuexin , Wu Yufei , Li Fei , Zhong Shen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs an important embodiment of a country's economic strength and national health, pharmaceutical manufacturing industry has made rapid development in China in recent years. But at the same time, the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is facing many environmental problems, such as large pollution emissions, complex pollution components, controlling difficulties and so on. This paper measures the total factor productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry (HTFP) by using data envelopment analysis with unexpected output, which is more accurate and effective than the traditional model. It also studies the effect of environmental regulation on the total factor productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry (HTFP) by establishing panel data regression model and spatial econometric model based on 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2019, which enriches the research results in the field of cleaning in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Environmental regulation and total factor productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry have significant spatial autocorrelation, showing "high-high" or "low-low" spatial aggregation characteristics; (2) Environmental regulation has a significant promoting effect on improving pharmaceutical manufacturing total factor productivity in local and surrounding areas, and there are differences in the impact of eastern, central and western regions; (3) Green technology, production technology and industrial structure play an important role in the impact of environmental regulation on pharmaceutical manufacturing total factor productivity, which provides theoretical guidance and policy recommendations for improving the level of total factor productivity of pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in the environmental aspect.
Diurnal and semidiurnal internal waves on the southern slope of the Yermak Plateau
Authors: Wang Shuya , Cao Anzhou , Li Qun , Chen Xu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Yermak Plateau (YP) is located across the Arctic–Atlantic gateway in the northwest of the Svalbard archipelago. In this region, internal waves are believed to cause intense turbulent mixing and hence influence the heat budget in the Arctic Ocean. Based on year-long observations from three moorings, the characteristics and energetics of diurnal and semidiurnal internal waves on the southern slope of the YP are investigated in this study. Diurnal internal waves induce large isothermal displacements exceeding 100 m, which are nearly one order of magnitude greater than those of semidiurnal internal waves. In addition, diurnal internal waves are strong in winter but weak in summer, while the semidiurnal internal waves exhibit complicated temporal variation. For the diurnal internal waves, their available potential energy is greater than the horizontal kinetic energy; whereas the situation is opposite for the semidiurnal ones. This feature is further clarified with two-dimensional numerical simulations. Due to the larger tidal excursion, diurnal tidal forcing yields the generation of stronger higher harmonics, i.e., the semidiurnal internal waves. In contrast, higher harmonics are rather weak under the semidiurnal forcing. Moreover, a large proportion of energy for both diurnal and semidiurnal internal waves is dissipated locally. Results of this study can provide useful insight on the dynamics of internal waves in the Arctic Ocean.
Insights into amino acid fractionation and incorporation by compound-specific carbon isotope analysis of three-spined sticklebacks
Authors: Hesse Tobias , Nachev Milen , Khaliq Shaista , Jochmann Maik A. , Franke Frederik , Scharsack Jörn P. , Kurtz Joachim , Sures Bernd , Schmidt Torsten C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInterpretation of stable isotope data is of upmost importance in ecology to build sound models for the study of animal diets, migration patterns and physiology. However, our understanding of stable isotope fractionation and incorporation into consumer tissues is still limited. We therefore measured the δ13C values of individual amino acids over time from muscle and liver tissue of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) on a high protein diet. The δ13C values of amino acids in the liver quickly responded to small shifts of under ± 2.0‰ in dietary stable isotope compositions on 30-day intervals. We found on average no trophic fractionation in pooled essential (muscle, liver) and non-essential (muscle) amino acids. Negative Δδ13C values of − 0.7 ± 1.3‰ were observed for pooled non-essential (liver) amino acids and might indicate biosynthesis from small amounts of dietary lipids. Trophic fractionation of individual amino acids is reported and discussed, including unusual Δδ13C values of over + 4.9 ± 1.4‰ for histidine. Arginine and lysine showed the lowest trophic fractionation on individual sampling days and might be useful proxies for dietary sources on short time scales. We suggest further investigations using isotopically enriched materials to facilitate the correct interpretation of ecological field data.
Epidemiological analysis of second primary malignant neoplasms in cancer survivors aged 85 years and older: a SEER data analysis (1975–2016)
Authors: Zhao Xianlan , Zhang Li , Bai Lanjun , Zhao Yangyang , Yang Qiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCancer burden in patients aged 85 years and older has rapidly increased accompanying the decrease in mortality, which is raising the concern of developing second primary malignant neoplasms (SPM). This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of the SPM in this population in the US by using the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database (1975–2016). The cumulative incidence of developing a SPM was calculated by the Fine and Gray model. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated via Poisson regression. The relative post-SPM survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Male patients with skin melanoma, kidney and renal pelvis and urinary bladder cancers had high cumulative incidences (15.32%, 13.55%, and 12.26%, respectively) and increased SIRs (1.47, 1.44, and 1.16, respectively) for developing SPMs. Female patients with skin melanoma and urinary bladder cancers had high cumulative incidences (10.18% and 7.87%, respectively) and increased SIRs (1.34 and 1.18, respectively). In general, the incidence of SPM cases increased over time. The median latency ranged from 17 to 37 months. A less than 50% of patients had 1-year post-SPM survival. In conclusion, some of these patients had an increased risk of the SPM, with poor survival.
News headline generation based on improved decoder from transformer
Authors: Li Zhengpeng , Wu Jiansheng , Miao Jiawei , Yu Xinmiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMost of the news headline generation models that use the sequence-to-sequence model or recurrent network have two shortcomings: the lack of parallel ability of the model and easily repeated generation of words. It is difficult to select the important words in news and reproduce these expressions, resulting in the headline that inaccurately summarizes the news. In this work, we propose a TD-NHG model, which stands for news headline generation based on an improved decoder from the transformer. The TD-NHG uses masked multi-head self-attention to learn the feature information of different representation subspaces of news texts and uses decoding selection strategy of top-k, top-p, and punishment mechanisms (repetition-penalty) in the decoding stage. We conducted a comparative experiment on the LCSTS dataset and CSTS dataset. Rouge-1, Rouge-2, and Rouge-L on the LCSTS dataset and CSTS dataset are 31.28/38.73, 12.68/24.97, and 28.31/37.47, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can improve the accuracy and diversity of news headlines.
Photosynthetic response and antioxidative activity of ‘Hass’ avocado cultivar treated with short-term low temperature
Authors: Chung Sun Woo , Rho Hyungmin , Lim Chan Kyu , Jeon Mi Kyoung , Kim Seolah , Jang Yeon Jin , An Hyun Joo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effects of short-term low temperatures, three-year-old avocado (Persea americana cv. Hass) seedlings were treated with 1, − 2, or − 5 °C for 1 h and subsequently recovered in ambient condition for 24 h. Leaf color changes were investigated with chlorophyll, carotenoid, and phenolic contents. Photosynthetic responses were examined using gas exchange analysis. With H2O2 contents as oxidative stresses, enzymatic (ascorbate peroxidase, APX; glutathione reductase, GR; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD) and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities were determined using spectrophotometry. Leaves in the avocado seedlings started to be discolored with changes in the contents of chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and phenolics when treated with − 5 °C. However, the H2O2 content was not different in leaves treated with low temperatures. Photosynthetic activities decreased in leaves in the seedlings treated with − 5 °C. Of antioxidant enzymes, APX and GR have high activities in leaves in the seedlings treated with 1 and − 2 °C. In leaves in the seedlings treated with − 5 °C, the activities of all enzymes decreased. Non-enzymatic antioxidant activity was not different among leaves treated with low temperatures. These results indicated that APX and GR would play a critical role in withstanding chilling stress in ‘Hass’ avocado seedlings. However, under lethal temperature, even for a short time, the plants suffered irreversible damage with the breakdown of photosystem and antioxidant system.
Extremely low effective impedance in stratified graphene-dielectric metamaterials
Authors: Hwang Ruey-Bing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe periodic reflections in frequency were observed in a stack of graphene layers and generally reported as a series of mini photonic bandgaps owing to the multiple interference by the graphene layers. In this research, the Floquet-Bloch theory was employed to obtain the effective refractive index and Bloch impedance for understanding the wave propagation characteristic therein. Interestingly, the periodic reflections were found to occur in the frequency band having drastic variation in complex Bloch impedance and effective refractive index as well, wherein a Floquet-Bloch mode having pure real effective refractive index and extremely low Bloch impedance exists.
Bioinformatics analysis of the role of aldolase A in tumor prognosis and immunity
Authors: Tian Wanjia , Zhou Junying , Chen Mengyu , Qiu Luojie , Li Yike , Zhang Weiwei , Guo Ruixia , Lei Ningjing , Chang Lei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAldolase A (ALDOA) is an enzyme that plays an important role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, which is closely related to tumor metabolism. In this study, the overall roles of ALDOA in pan-cancer have been investigated from several aspects using databases and online analysis tools. Using the ONCOMINE database, the expression of ALDOA in various cancers was analyzed. The prognostic role of ALDOA was explored by PrognoScan, GEPIA, and Kaplan–Meier Plotter. The immune-related role of ALDOA and its downstream substrates was decided by TIMER, cBioPortal and String. Our data indicate that ALDOA expression level in lung adenocarcinoma, liver hepatocellular carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is higher than that in normal tissues. Increased expression of ALDOA often indicates a poor prognosis for patients. The correlation between ALDOA and immune infiltration among different tumors is very different. We also investigate the relationship between ALDOA and its upstream/downstream proteins. Our results showed that ALDOA could be used as a biomarker for the tumor prognosis, and could be correlated with the infiltrating levels of macrophages, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells.
Toxicometabolomic profiling of resistant and susceptible western corn rootworm larvae feeding on Bt maize seedlings
Authors: Huynh Man P. , Hibbard Bruce E. , Ho Khanh-Van , Shelby Kent S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is the most serious pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in the U.S. Corn Belt and parts of Europe. Transgenic maize hybrids expressing at least one of the four currently available insecticidal toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner, currently the most widely adopted control method in continuous maize, have faltered due to the emergence of resistance. The resistance mechanisms of WCR to Bt toxins are not fully understood. We identified metabolic profiles of susceptible and resistant WCR larvae fed on maize hybrids expressing each of three available Cry3 proteins (eCry3Ab1, mCry3A, and Cry3Bb1) targeting corn rootworms and a control non-Bt maize via an untargeted metabolomics approach. Over 580 unique metabolites found in WCR larvae were classified into different pathways (amino acids, carbohydrates, cofactors and vitamins, energy, lipid, nucleotide, peptide, and xenobiotics). By exploring shifts in WCR larval metabolome exclusively by Bt toxins, several candidate metabolites and metabolic pathways were identified in susceptible and resistant larvae that may be involved in defense against or recovery from Bt ingestion by these larvae. These findings would provide mechanistic insights into altered metabolic pathways associated with the resistance mechanisms of WCR to Bt toxins.