bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of prenatal subjective well-being on birth outcomes and child development: A longitudinal study
Authors: Estinfort Wanda , Huang Jian-Pei , Au Heng-Kien , Lin Chen-Li , Chen Yi-Yung , Chao Hsing Jasmine , Chien Ling-Chu , Lo Yu-Chun , Chen Yi-Hua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Although maternal mental illnesses have been found to influence child health and development, little is known about the impact of maternal positive well-being on child health and development. Therefore, this longitudinal study investigated the effects of prenatal subjective well-being on birth outcomes and child development by considering the potential modifier effect of parity.

Methods
Pregnant women in early stages of pregnancy were recruited at five selected hospitals in Taipei, Taiwan, during their prenatal appointments since 2011. Self-reported evaluations were conducted at seven time points up to 2 years postpartum. Linear regression and generalized estimating equation models were used for examination.

Results
Higher prenatal eudaimonic well-being was associated with longer gestational length (adjusted beta [aβ] = 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03, 0.68) and higher birth weight (aβ = 124.71, 95% CI = 35.75, 213.66). Higher positive and negative affect were associated with longer gestational length (aβ = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.70) and smaller birth weight (aβ = −93.51, 95% CI = −178.35, −8.67), respectively. For child’s outcomes, we found an association between higher prenatal eudaimonic well-being and decreased risks of suspected developmental delay, particularly for children of multiparous mothers (adjusted odds ratio = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.70). Higher levels of prenatal depression and anxiety were significantly associated with increased risks of suspected developmental delay for children of primiparous mothers.

Conclusions
Positive prenatal maternal mental health may benefit birth outcomes and child development, particularly for children of multiparous mothers. Interventions for improving prenatal mental health may be beneficial for child development.
A Framework for Harmonization of Radiomics Data for Multicenter Studies and Clinical Trials
Authors: Soliman Moataz A.S. , Kelahan Linda C. , Magnetta Michael , Savas Hatice , Agrawal Rishi , Avery Ryan J. , Aouad Pascale , Liu Benjamin , Xue Yue , Chae Young K. , Salem Riad , Benson Al B. , Yaghmai Vahid , Velichko Yuri S. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Variability in computed tomography images intrinsic to individual scanners limits the application of radiomics in clinical and research settings. The development of reproducible and generalizable radiomics-based models to assess lesions requires harmonization of data. The purpose of this study was to develop, test, and analyze the efficacy of a radiomics data harmonization model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radiomic features from biopsy-proven untreated hepatic metastasis (N = 380) acquired from 167 unique patients with pancreatic, colon, and breast cancers were analyzed. Radiomic features from volume-match 551 samples of normal liver tissue and 188 hepatic cysts were included as references. A novel linear mixed effect model was used to identify effects associated with lesion size, tissue type, and scanner model. Six separate machine learning models were then used to test the effectiveness of radiomic feature harmonization using multivariate analysis. RESULTS Proposed model identifies and removes scanner-associated effects while preserving cancer-specific functional dependence of radiomic features on the tumor size. Data harmonization improves the performance of classification models by reducing the scanner-associated variability. For example, the multiclass logistic regression model, LogitBoost, demonstrated the improvement in sensitivity in the range from 15% to 40% for each type of liver metastasis, whereas the overall model accuracy and the kappa coefficient increased by 5% and 8% accordingly. CONCLUSION The model removed scanner-associated effects while preserving cancer-specific functional dependence of radiomic features.
Margetuximab Versus Trastuzumab in Patients With Previously Treated HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer (SOPHIA): Final Overall Survival Results From a Randomized Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Rugo Hope S. , Im Seock-Ah , Cardoso Fatima , Cortes Javier , Curigliano Giuseppe , Musolino Antonino , Pegram Mark D. , Bachelot Thomas , Wright Gail S. , Saura Cristina , Escrivá-de-Romaní Santiago , De Laurentiis Michelino , Schwartz Gary N. , Pluard Timothy J. , Ricci Francesco , Gwin William R. , Levy Christelle , Brown-Glaberman Ursa , Ferrero Jean-Marc , de Boer Maaike , Kim Sung-Bae , Petráková Katarína , Yardley Denise A. , Freedman Orit , Jakobsen Erik H. , Gal-Yam Einav Nili , Yerushalmi Rinat , Fasching Peter A. , Kaufman Peter A. , Ashley Emily J. , Perez-Olle Raul , Hong Shengyan , Rosales Minori Koshiji , Gradishar William J. ,   on behalf of the SOPHIA Study Group
Published: November 2022

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. Final overall survival (OS) in SOPHIA (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02492711 ), a study of margetuximab versus trastuzumab, both with chemotherapy, in patients with previously treated human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive advanced breast cancer, is reported with updated safety. Overall, 536 patients in the intention-to-treat population were randomly assigned to margetuximab (15 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks; n = 266) plus chemotherapy or trastuzumab (6 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks after a loading dose of 8 mg/kg; n = 270) plus chemotherapy. Primary end points were progression-free survival, previously reported, and OS. Final OS analysis was triggered by 385 prespecified events. The median OS was 21.6 months (95% CI, 18.89 to 25.07) with margetuximab versus 21.9 months (95% CI, 18.69 to 24.18) with trastuzumab (hazard ratio [HR], 0.95; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.17; P = .620). Preplanned, exploratory analysis of CD16A genotyping suggested a possible improvement in OS for margetuximab in CD16A-158FF patients versus trastuzumab (median OS, 23.6 v 19.2 months; HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52 to 1.00) and a possible improvement in OS for trastuzumab in CD16A-158VV patients versus margetuximab (median OS, 31.1 v 22.0 months; HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.12). Margetuximab safety was comparable with trastuzumab. Final overall OS analysis did not demonstrate margetuximab advantage over trastuzumab. Margetuximab studies in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–positive breast cancer with different CD16A allelic variants are warranted.
Radiation Therapy for Low-Risk Breast Cancer: Whole, Partial, or None?
Authors: Moran Meena S. , Ho Alice Y. 
Published: November 2022

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology , to patients seen in their own clinical practice. The following case represents a relatively common clinical scenario of a postmenopausal female patient who presents with low-risk, estrogen receptor–positive/progesterone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative, early-stage, left-sided breast cancer to discuss the role of postoperative radiation (RT) following wide local excision (WLE) and sentinel node biopsy. The spectrum of choices, ranging from omission of RT, accelerated partial breast irradiation (PBI), whole-breast radiation therapy, and the nuances of various dose/fractionation regimens for each option, are discussed in the context of the Danish Breast Cancer Study Group (DBCSG) PBI trial published in this issue, with additional review of other key trials that inform these treatment recommendations. After consideration of the clinical-pathologic features in the framework of the existing data and an in-depth discussion taking into consideration the patient's preferences/goals, the decision was made to deliver moderately hypofractionated RT (40 Gy/15 fractions) to a PBI volume, in concordance with the DBCSG-PBI trial.
The 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index as a More Useful Associated Factor Than Chronological Age After Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysm Surgery: A Nationwide Registry Study
Authors: Kuwabara Masashi , Ikawa Fusao , Michihata Nobuaki , Sakamoto Shigeyuki , Okazaki Takahito , Hosogai Masahiro , Maeda Yuyo , Horie Nobutaka , Kurisu Kaoru , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
Although chronological age is associated with mortality and morbidity after surgery for unruptured cerebral aneurysms (UCAs), there is little evidence regarding an association between the simplified 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) and postoperative outcomes based on age group.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the association of the mFI-5 score with worse outcomes, mortality, and complications in patients after surgery for UCA by chronological age groups using a Japanese national database.

METHODS:
This study included 32 902 patients with UCAs enrolled in a Japanese national database between 2011 and 2015. Age group (younger than 65 years, 65-74 years, and 75 years or older), sex, UCA location, treatment, medications, Barthel Index (BI), medical history, mFI-5 score, and in-hospital mortality and complications were evaluated. We identified risk factors for worsening BI score, in-hospital mortality, and overall postoperative complications in each age group.

RESULTS:
In total, 14 465 patients were enrolled in this study. Multivariable analysis showed that elderly groups and patients with an mFI-5 score ≥2 items were associated with worsening BI scores (odds ratio 1.95; 95% CI 1.52-2.51) and in-hospital complications (odds ratio 1.79; CI 1.49-2.15), despite having no association with in-hospital mortality. Multivariable analysis by age groups showed that the mFI-5 score ≥2 items was associated with in-hospital complications in all age groups, unlike chronological age in patients younger than 74 years.

CONCLUSION:
The mFI-5 score was a more useful associated factor of in-hospital complications than chronological age in patients younger than 74 years undergoing surgery for UCA.
Modelling inner ear development and disease using pluripotent stem cells – a pathway to new therapeutic strategies
Authors: Connolly Keeva , Gonzalez-Cordero Anai 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The sensory epithelia of the mammalian inner ear enable sound and movement to be perceived. Damage to these epithelia can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction because they lack regenerative capacity. The human inner ear cannot be biopsied without causing permanent damage, significantly limiting the tissue samples available for research. Investigating disease pathology and therapeutic developments have therefore traditionally relied on animal models, which often cannot completely recapitulate the human otic systems. These challenges are now being partly addressed using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cultures, which generate the sensory epithelial-like tissues of the inner ear. Here, we review how pluripotent stem cells have been used to produce two-dimensional and three-dimensional otic cultures, the strengths and limitations of these new approaches, and how they have been employed to investigate genetic and acquired forms of audiovestibular dysfunction. This Review provides an overview of the progress in pluripotent stem cell-derived otic cultures thus far, focusing on their applications in disease modelling and therapeutic trials. We survey their current limitations and future directions, highlighting their prospective utility for high-throughput drug screening and developing personalised medicine approaches.
Job Search during COVID-19: How Online Mindfulness Intervention helped to Reduce Stress and Enhance the Self-esteem of the Job Seeker
Authors: S.A. Rajalakshmi , C.S. Sowndaram , Ganesh Preetham , Vasu Harsha Vardhini 
Published: November 2022

Background: Immediately after graduation from university, college students need to make significant decisions about starting their careers or pursuing higher studies. They are also pressured to meet the expectations and demands of self, others, and the environment. Owing to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the aforementioned challenging decisions may become hazardous stressors for college students. Hence, the researchers intended to assist and assess the college students involved in student placements. The research goal was to investigate the impact of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on the stress and self-esteem of college students involved in student placements. Methods: One hundred college students participating in the campus placements were selected using purposive sampling from Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University in Coimbatore, India. For evaluation purposes, college students were administered the perceived stress, Rosenberg self-esteem, and Kuppuswamy socio-economic scales. Seventy-five college students were selected for the MBI process and were administered with a pre-intervention and post-intervention without a control group research design. Results: Statistical analysis including analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni post hoc test showed a significant increase in self-esteem and a decrease in the stress of the college students involved in placements. Conclusions: Thus, the researchers recommend that policymakers create awareness, include MBI in the curriculum, and allocate funds for training ventures in educational institutions to assist college students in their challenging life journeys
Integration of single-cell RNA-Seq and CyTOF data characterises heterogeneity of rare cell subpopulations
Authors: Repapi Emmanouela , Agarwal Devika , Napolitani Giorgio , Sims David , Taylor Stephen 
Published: November 2022

Background: The simultaneous measurement of cellular proteins and transcriptomes of single cell data has become an exciting new possibility with the advent of highly multiplexed multi-omics methodologies. However, mass cytometry (CyTOF) is a well-established, affordable technique for the analysis of proteomic data, which is well suited for the discovery and characterisation of very rare subpopulations of cells with a wealth of publicly available datasets. Methods: We present and evaluate the multimodal integration of single cell RNA-Seq and CyTOF datasets coming from both matched and unmatched samples, using two publicly available datasets. Results: We demonstrate that the integration of well annotated CyTOF data with single cell RNA sequencing can aid in the identification and annotation of cell populations with high accuracy. Furthermore, we show that the integration can provide imputed measurements of protein markers which are comparable to the current gold standard of antibody derived tags (ADT) from CITE-Seq for both matched and unmatched datasets. Using this methodology, we identify and transcriptionally characterise a rare subpopulation of CD11c positive B cells in high resolution using publicly available data and we unravel its heterogeneity in a single cell setting without the need to sort the cells in advance, in a manner which had not been previously possible. Conclusions: This approach provides the framework for using available proteomic and transcriptomic datasets in a unified and unbiased fashion to assist ongoing and future studies of cellular characterisation and biomarker identification.
Hand injuries in Kenya: a chaff cutter menace
Authors: Wanjara Samuel , Oduor Peter 
Published: November 2022

Introduction Hand injuries are a recognized occupational hazard from the use of chaff cutters. With increasing mechanization of farming in our region, the burden of hand injuries is poised to increase. Methods We conducted a descriptive study of 47 patients presenting with chaff cutter hand injuries at our center in one year. Results They were predominantly male (98%) and the majority (70%) were aged between 21 and 40 years. The majority of patients who had not resumed work were those with severe injuries and those who had had an amputation. There was a positive correlation between age category and severity of injury. Discussion Chaff cutter injuries contribute considerably to hand amputations at our center. The majority of patients with severe injuries and those undergoing amputations do not return to gainful activities one year after sustaining the injury, suggesting increased dependency. Further research is paramount to identify safety features of chaff cutters in this region.
Patient experience of informed consent for diagnostic coronary angiogram and follow-on treatments
Authors: Blanchard Howard T , Carroll Diane L , Astin Felicity 
Published: November 2022

Background/Aims Coronary angiography requires a complex informed consent process as a legal and ethical requirement before treatment. This process may allow percutaneous coronary intervention to be completed as a continuation of a coronary angiography. Patients routinely consent to both interventions, but over one-quarter will only receive the diagnostic angiogram. This study explored views and understandings of the informed consent process, and associations with demographic characteristics, among patients who consented to coronary angiography and same-setting percutaneous coronary intervention, but were found to be ineligible for the latter. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to explore patients' views. A total of 62 participants (73% male, mean age 68.4 years) completed a 36-item survey the day after undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography. Results Female participants reported greater difficulty in recalling treatment information (P<0.03), found discussions about alternative treatments more confusing (P<0.02), and the disclosure of comprehensive risk information more of a deterrent to consent for treatment (P<0.02) compared to men. Higher levels of education were associated with greater preference for information and involvement in treatment decisions (P<0.002). Conclusions Patients who give informed consent for diagnostic coronary angiography with or without a same-setting percutaneous coronary intervention need clear comprehensive information regarding alternative options. By recognising the patient's need for information, nurses can provide an individualised explanation and reinforcement of the information provided during informed consent.
Development of a mechanism for reconstruction of terahertz single-frequency images of biological samples
Authors: Tang Xin , Zhou Shengling , Zhu Shiping , Pu Jing , Zheng Quan , Ma Lingkai 
Published: November 2022

Algorithmic mechanisms are used
to improve terahertz (THz) image quality, which is critical to a
biological sample analysis. A complete mechanism for the
super-resolution reconstruction and evaluation of THz biological
sample images was constructed
in this study. With eucalyptus leaves as an example, the THz spectral
region screening technique was adopted to select the characteristic
frequencies for imaging, and the THz single-frequency images were
reconstructed with the single-image super-resolution image
reconstruction technique. The THz super-resolution reconstructed
images without ideal reference were evaluated after the introduction
of three no-reference image evaluation criteria considering the
diversity and complexity of organisms. The results show that the THz
image reconstruction mechanism proposed in this study led to an
increase in resolution and a decrease in noise. At the same
time, the imaging quality of biological samples was considerably
improved, and the detailed information was enriched. These provide a
reference for a THz imaging analysis of leaves and other biological
samples.
Isotope selective three-step photoionization of 174Yb
Authors: Suryanarayana M. V. , Sankari M. 
Published: November 2022

A three-step photoionization scheme has been theoretically studied for the laser isotope separation of

174

Y
b

from natural Yb using density matrix formalism. The effects of bandwidth and peak power density of lasers, Doppler broadening, and the number density of atoms on the degree of enrichment and production rate have been studied, and the optimum conditions for the efficient separation of

174

Y
b

have been derived. It has been shown that it is possible to enrich the

174

Y
b

isotope up to

∼

90

%

using lasers with a bandwidth of 500 MHz with a production rate up to 48 mg/h. On the whole, the system required for the laser isotope separation of

174

Y
b

is much simpler than that required for the separation of any of the

176

L
u

,

177

L
u

, and

176

Y
b

isotopes. 1 g of the enriched isotope mixture upon irradiation for 21 days in widely available low flux reactors produces 759 doses (7.4 GBq each) of

175

Y
b

radionuclide for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 98.6% radionuclidic purity. It is envisaged that the production of the

175

Y
b

isotope through this route will be economical and widely available to the public at large as a PRRT drug for cancer therapy.