bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Intrapersonal Communication on Human Development of Direct and Indirect Conflict Participants in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Trishna 
Published: August 2022

Human development of conflict participant during Nepal’s armed conflict started from 2052 BS has been studied in this research paper. Role of intrapersonal communication in difficult life condition (conflict) in human development of both direct and indirect conflict participant has been researched using qualitative research methodology taking human’s inward development factor as physiological, psychological, emotional, cognitive, and intellectual aspect as well as outward support system as social, economic, political, cultural, religious, technological and global system are taken as the variables.
For this hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative study in-depth interview of 4 participants from direct and indirect conflict participant in Nepal is taken being based on interpretive research philosophy in a cross-sectional time frame adopting inductive approach.
Major finding of this study is that healthy positive intrapersonal communication should be initiated by individual with active functionality of support system for individual’s growth to its fullest human potential for which constant communication with self is significant.
The Prospects of Domestic Tourism in Post-Covid Nepal: Connecting the Missing Dots
Authors: Silwal Ashma , Gonzales Garcia Grizelda Noraine , Silwal Amisha 
Published: August 2022

Nepal has experienced challenges in developing its international tourism business during Covid-19 and domestic tourism has not yet been considered a viable alternative to the allure of foreign travel in Nepal. There are no statistics on domestic tourism in Nepal. Worldwide, domestic tourism has been sought as an alternative to revive the tourism industry during a pandemic, and the Ministry of Tourism and Nepal Tourism Board is implementing strategies and plans to promote domestic tourism in Nepal.
This study aims to investigate the potential of domestic tourism in Nepal from the perspective of domestic tourists. The study is qualitative in nature and has used an online survey from May to June 2020. Data has been analyzed thematically using SPSS, MS-Excel, and descriptive statistics. This study attempts to connect the dots by focusing on domestic tourism and tourist destinations in Nepal in accordance with respondents’ opinions. The findings reveal that the tourism industry can potentially be revitalized by domestic tourism. A high percentage of respondents indicated that the Covid lockdown has floored the tourism sector however, they are highly motivated to travel domestically rather than overseas despite the travel restrictions. To summarize, the potentiality of domestic tourism to strengthen the tourism industry should be further explored, and the absence of strategies and policies, travel restrictions, lack of provision of tourism infrastructure, and safety protocol are barriers to the flourishment of domestic tourism.
The Karimata Strait: Heritage of Network System and Socio-political History of Malay Sultanate
Authors: Erman Erwiza 
Published: August 2022

Indonesia's maritime historiography so far has focused more on socio-economic interactions, such as: shipping-trade history, ethnic identity, downstream-upstream connections, and the politics of the harbor workers. Meanwhile, the sea, strait, and river function to connect people, goods, and ideas have made their own history which unfortunately to be neglected in Indonesian historiography. By using the historical method, this study focuses on examining a marine network system offered by Indonesian maritime historian A.B. Lapian. The Karimata Strait, an intangible heritage, has produced its own socio-political history through social interactions of the various ethnic groups such as Bugis, Malays, Chinese, Arabs, Dayaks and Arabs. This article focuses on two ethnic groups, Bugis and Arabs who had an important role in the formation of Malay sultanates and maintain their own authorities in the East and West of the Straits. The Bugis ethnic network was represented by the migration of Opu and his Five Son from East Indonesia in the 17th and 18th centuries, while the Arabs were represented by Syarif Abdurrachman's family coming from the West, the Arab-Hadramaut and set up the sultanate of Pontianak. Following the movement of these two groups, and the networks they form, this study shows that their network histories are complex, intersecting in various ways through diaspora, religion, friendship, kinship, intermarriages, diplomacy and war. The intersection of these various networks became social capital to gain political power and economic control in the Malay sultanates. The formation and ways where the network operated had blurred the territorial boundaries of a sultanate in the East and West of Karimata Strait.
SKIN: The Use of External Surface in Yacht Design
Authors: Morozzo Della Rocca Maria Carola , Zappia Giulia 
Published: August 2022

Skin, external surface, coating… Those are words strictly linked to the concept of appearance, which means to be watched, to show, and sometimes to seem: a comparison between being and appearing. From a design point of view, the surface coating is, mainly, an esthetical choice. Nevertheless, sometimes that element has been due to other reasons. During the First World War, painting warships with the dazzle technique allowed them to “hide” from the enemy: the shapes and colours applied to hulls allowed them to appear in different sizes or positions compared to the actual real one. In that case, the skin assumed a vital defensive role. Even if most yachts today do not shine with peculiar external surfaces – if we closed our eyes we could imagine hulls in neutral colours, generally in one or two tones – skin however is a project element with significant potential. Ivana Porfiri commissioned Jeff Koons, acclaimed contemporary artist, to finish the external coat of the Guilty. The skin highlights shapes and formal choices of hull and superstructure, and also takes forward the link between art and yacht design, explicit by the display of art in the interiors. Another example of designed skin is LAP-1 by Francesco Paszkowski Design. Here the external coating was designed with camouflage with shades of blue, a symbolic colour for the Baglietto shipyard, responsible for building the yacht. Finally, browsing the most significant projects, the paper aims to analyse the design and use of external coatings of yachts. The skin project in a nautical context is today mainly linked to aesthetic reasons. Nevertheless, also thanks to the use of new materials, innovative painting, and covering techniques, new possibilities for skin design are envisaged. External coating, colours, textures and hull finishing could meet different and new needs in the energy and environmental field.
Selecting, Speaking and Saving: Applying Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy in ESL Classroom at Intermediate Level at NUML
Authors: Sameen Tahira , Ayaz Amina 
Published: August 2022

This particular research was conducted under the light of Martha Rapp Haggard’s vocabulary approach known as Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy (VSS). The aim of this particular research was to enhance the active usage of vocabulary in learners with the help of VSS. Moreover, the current study was based on the role of VSS in an English language learning classroom at intermediate level. A diagnostic pre-test was conducted on the ‘vocabulary self-collection group’ and the ‘controlled group’. The two groups were enrolled in two sections of the same reading and writing course of this diploma course. The learners who belonged to ‘vocabulary self-collection group’ were asked to self-collect words to improve their vocabulary, whereas the ‘controlled group’ was taught the vocabulary in usual manner. After two weeks of practice, the unseen post-test was administered from both the groups. The performance of both groups in the post-test was statistically analyzed and the results were quite optimistic, as vocabulary self-collection group outperformed the controlled group. The participants of this research were the researchers and the students of the intermediate level, from diploma classes at NUML. This particular research was based on qualitative and quantitative data. The quantitative data was gathered through the pre-test and the post-test and the qualitative data was attained by the observation of the researcher who analyzed the scores. The research tools were lesson plans, pre-test, and post-test. The current study material used in this course were five illustrated texts for intermediate level and vocabulary journals of the students. The sample size included 46 students of diploma level from National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad. The implementation of this particular strategy led to several improvements. Firstly, vocabulary of the learners improved and also it became a part of their active memory. Furthermore, it helped learners to define the words properly that were not known to them before, based on the context of the given text. Finally, group discussion activity improved ‘student-student interaction’ and ‘student-teacher interaction’ in the class.
Keywords: active, vocabulary, vocabulary self-collection strategy, VSS
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) Berbasis Kontekstual Materi Sumber Energi Kelas III di SD Muhammadiyah 37 Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Firlia Aulia , Sukmawati Wati 
Published: August 2022

This research is based on Contextualnergy source material of Student Worksheets (LKPD). This study aimed to generate a contextual-based Student Worksheet (LKPD) on energy sources. This LKPD was developed by the research and development (R&D) method and used a 4D model through four stages: 1) definition stage, 2) design stage, 3) develop stage, 4) dissemination stage. The final product of this development is LKPD based on 3rd-grade energy source materials. This study also includes the product growth and being tested on 3rd-grade students, consist of 30 respondents with data collection carried out by question sheet. The study obtained data through validation process by LKPD media experts and validation by material experts and student respondents. The research data were analyzed using a Likert scale using a quantitative approach. The data on the assessment results from validation and student respondents with the following gains: (1) LKPD media validation 95%, (2) Material Validation 83%, and (3) Student Respondents amounting to 93%. Last, the results shows that the development of energy source materials Contextual-based LKPD meets the criteria very suitable to elementary school students.
Penelitian ini meneliti tentang pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang berbasis kontekstual materi sumber energi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) yang secara kontekstual dari pelajaran mengenai sumber energi. LKPD ini dikembangkan dalam penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) menggunakan model 4D yang melalui empat tahap yaitu: 1) tahap pendefisian (define), 2) tahap perancangan (design), 3) tahap pengembangan (develop), 4) tahap penyebaran (dissiminate). Produk akhir dari pengembangan ini adalah LKPD berbasis kontekstual materi sumber energi kelas III. Penelitian ini mencakup pengembangan produk dan hasil akhirnya yang diujicobakan pada siswa kelas III dengan jumlah sebanyak 30 responden dengan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket. Data dari hasil penelitian didapat dari proses validasi oleh ahli media LKPD dan validasi oleh ahli materi serta responden peserta didik. Hasil penelitian di analisis dengan skala likert menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data penilaian hasil validasi dan responden peserta didik dengan perolehan yaitu: (1) validasi media LKPD 95%, (2) validasi Materi 83%, dan (3) responden peserta didik sebesar 93%. Data menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan LKPD berbasis kontekstual pada materi sumber energi memenuhi kriteria sangat layak digunakan siswa sekolah dasar dalam proses pembelajaran.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ПРОТИДІЇ ҐЕНДЕРНОЇ ДИСКРИМІНАЦІЇ У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ УКРАЇНИ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ
Authors: Кримець Л. , Саєнко О. , Телелим I. 
Published: August 2022

Ґендерна рівність у Збройних Силах України - це рівні права і рівні можливості для чоловіків і жінок; це рівна відповідальність представників обох статей за захист нашої держави, рівний доступ до ресурсів та інформації і, як наслідок, - рівні обов'язки і рівний внесок в підвищення обороноздатності України.
Досвід перших місяців активної фази бойових дій 2022 року продемонстрував, що шлях до перемоги вимагає об’єднання зусиль всіх верств населення, тому дуже важливо долучити до захисту держави представників всіх статей, релігійних конфесій, етнічних груп, консолідувати все українське суспільство задля ефективної підтримки Збройних Сил України та підвищення обороноздатності держави.
Проте, незважаючи на явні успіхи та позитивні здобутки Збройних Сил України на початку 2022 року, під час повномасштабного вторгнення Російської Федерації на територію України, нажаль у військах мали місце численні прояви дискримінації за ознакою статі, на мінімізацію і подолання яких і спрямована ця стаття.
Investigasi Penalaran Spasial Mahasiswa Calon Guru Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Berpikir Matematis
Authors: Rahayu Suning , Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu , Kurniawan Ade 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran spasial mahasiswa calon guru ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir matematis. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melibatkan 3 mahasiswa pendidikan matematika semester 6 yang dipilih berdasarkan IPK dengan kategori, yaitu (1) IPK <3.20, (2) 3.20<IPK<3.60 dan (3) IPK> 3.60. Data dikumpulkan melalui hasil tes kemampuan penalaran spasial dan berpikir matematis serta rekaman hasil wawancara sebagai tindak lanjut untuk memperdalam temuan yang diperoleh dari hasil tes. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk kemampuan berpikir matematis subjek A1 memiliki kemampuan berpikir matematis yang baik, subjek A2 penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk kemampuan berpikir matematis subjek A1 memiliki kemampuan berpikir matematis yang sangat baik dan subjek A3 penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa untuk kemampuan berpikir matematis subjek A1 memiliki kemampuan berpikir matematis yang cukup baik, sedangkan kemampuan penalaran spasialnya subjek A1 memiliki penalaran spasial yang baik, subjek A2 memiliki penalaran spasial yang sangat baik dan subjek A3 memiliki penalaran spasial yang cukup baik, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa jika dilihat dari kemampuan berpikir matematis, mempengaruhi kemampuan penalaran spasial subjek. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi salah satu bukti ilmiah mengenai hubungan antara penalaran spasial dengan kemampuan berpikir matematis.
Studi Literatur: Pengalaman Menyusui pada Ibu Usia Remaja
Authors: Wardani Arista Kusuma , Yanti Yanti , Rachman Irwan Taufiqur 
Published: August 2022

Breastfeeding in one of the best ways to reduce infant mortality. However, UNICEF data in 2019 recorded that only 43% of newborns started breastfeeding in the first hour and 41% received exclusively breastfed. The causes of initiation and continuation of breastfeeding are closely related to the age of the mother. Adolescent mothers were found to not continue exclusive breastfeeding. This article aims to explore the experience of exclusive breastfeeding for adolescent mothers. The method used is a literature study. Research questions were identified using the PEOS (Population, Exposure, Outcome, Study Design) framework. The journals used in the literature review were obtained through the Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases from 2010-2020. The keywords used according to MESH (Medical Subject Heading) are "experience", "exclusive breastfeeding", and "adolescent mothers", and selected full text. The results of the review of 6 articles include: mother’ decisions to breastfeed such as, breastfeeding is a natural, easy, and fun way, a supportive environment, breastfeeding can improve baby’s health, provide benefits for mothers, save costs. The obstacles faced by adolescent mother include, lack of knowledge and skills, uncontrollable and unplesant physical experiences, inadequate response to health services, lack of support for breastfeeding at work/school, and difficulty breastfeeding in public places. So, adolescent mothers need breastfeeding support such as information support, instrumental support, emotional support, and apraisal support.
The Consequences of Stalinist Economic Policy in Hungary (1949-1953)
Authors: Domonkos Endre 
Published: August 2022

By 1948, with the eradication of private property ownership and multi-party-system, the institutional background of the Soviet-type dictatorship was created by the Hungarian Workers Party (HWP). In economic terms, forced industrialisation became buzzword, whereas both agricultural and infrastructural development were neglected by the communist leadership. The forced collectivisation in the agriculture, accompanied by the postponement of necessary investments led to a permanent shortage of goods. Compulsory deliveries coupled with the application of the principle of quantity further aggravated the situation of the agrarian sector. As a result of aggressive campaign against the wealthy peasants and forced collectivisation, 300 000 people ceased to work in the agriculture and were employed by industry. Within the centrally planned economy, profitability, cost of production, marketability and quality of products were neglected. Only one principle was taken into account, which was the fulfilment or overfulfilment of the global production plan index and all other criteria were ignored by decision-makers. Foreign trade relations were embedded within the framework of the command economy. Foreign trade corporations were set up and world market prices became hermetically isolated from domestic prices. Within Comecon, the endeavour of the USSR was to reduce any dependency of the socialist bloc on world markets and to achieve self-sufficiency. The introduction of fixed prices in 1950 led to serious price distortions, whilst Hungary depended on increasing import of raw material, which was essential for the development of heavy industry. Therefore, the targets of foreign trade were not fulfilled during the period 1949-53. The irrational economic objectives of the first Five-Year Plan produced lasting damages in the national economy of Hungary.
Beyond aroma: A scoping review on the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis on retronasal olfaction
Authors: James Joel , Palte Ilan C. , Vilarello Brandon J. , Axiotakis Lucas G. , Jacobson Patricia T. , Gudis David A. , Overdevest Jonathan B. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundRetronasal olfaction (RNO) refers to the perception of odorants inhaled through the mouth and carried through the nasopharynx to olfactory receptors within the olfactory cleft, enabling the perception of flavor. Although orthonasal olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been widely described, the impact of CRS on RNO is less clear. In this study, we systematically review available literature to provide an update on RNO in the setting of CRS.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies examining RNO in patients with documented CRS. The primary outcome of interest was objective psychophysical measurement of olfaction, including characterization of RNO.ResultsWe identified 404 unique references that underwent title and abstract review by two independent reviewers, with 52 articles undergoing full-text review, where 10 relevant studies underwent data extraction. Although outcome measures varied, all included studies demonstrated diminished RNO in patients with CRS. Of six studies evaluating the relationship between retronasal and orthonasal olfactory test scores in CRS patients two out of six (33%) demonstrated a correlation between both forms of olfaction and CRS, and two out of six studies (33%) found significantly lower orthonasal olfactory test scores compared to retronasal olfactory test scores. Two of three found significant improvement in RNO with treatment of underlying CRS. Of three studies examining patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in CRS, two found significant associations between retronasal olfactory test scores and PROMs.ConclusionsBased on the current literature, CRS patients appear to have diminished RNO, which may be associated with orthonasal olfactory dysfunction and decreased quality of life in this population. Higher level of evidence studies are required to further elucidate these relationships and the impact of medical and surgical CRS management on RNO.
Long-term prognosis of successful left ventricular substrate modification of electrical storm
Authors: Margkarian Artak , Bogossian Harilaos , Bandorski Dirk , Khan Atisha , Hasan Fuad , Fortmann Tobias , Jahaj Klothilda , Lemke Bernd , Zarse Markus 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe Electrical storm (ES) subsumes a state of electrical instability of the heart, which manifests itself in repeated and potentially fatal ventricular arrhythmias (VA). We examine the long-term effects of substrate modification with regards to mortality, ventricular tachycardia (VT) recurrences and hospitalization depending on age, gender, heart function, scare location, VT documentation, postprocedural electrical stimulation (PES) and induced VTs.MethodsFrom 08/2008 and 09/2019 160 consecutive patients admitted for ES ablation via electroanatomical mapping were followed up until 04/2021.Results50/160 patients showed VT recurrences after 13.8 ± 21.7 (0.0–80.3) months, with a characteristic steep curve directly after ES and then a rapid decline leading to a plateau (first month 10/50 (20%), first year 35/50 VT recurrences (70%) Mortality rates followed a similar pattern also the initial decline was not as steep. 42 patients died during the observation period (26%) after 16.6 ± 16.1 (0.0-67.9) months after ablation day (first month (n = 7, 16.7%) first year (n = 21, 50%). Gender, age, scare localization, missing VT documentation did not worsen outcome. Induction of &gt;3 VTs and lack of PES due to hemodynamic instability significantly decreased effectiveness. Finding the entry significantly increased long-term effects.ConclusionAblation of ES is safe and feasible independent of a variety of factors. Employing more sophisticated tools to understand the reentry mechanism will further improve the long-term outcome.