bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of total knee arthroplasty on knee proprioception of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xue Ya-Yue , Shi Jing-Nan , Zhang Kuan , Zhang Hao-Hua , Yan Song-Hua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies have given some pieces of evidence for the effect of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on knee proprioception of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but their results were conflicting. This review was performed to provide an updated evidence-based meta-analysis investigating the influence of TKA on knee proprioception.

Methods
The electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were accessed from their inception to March 2020. Two reviewers identified the studies that met the selection criteria for this review. Information on study type, participants, follow-up time, and outcome measures was extracted. Methodological quality was independently assessed by two reviewers using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0. Eleven studies with 475 participants were included in the meta-analysis.

Results
The I2 index assessed the heterogeneity between studies. The results showed that the pooled standard mean difference of mean angle of error was − 0.58° (95% CI − 1 to – 0.16; P = 0.007; I2 = 69%), and the joint position sense of KOA patients was better after TKA surgery than that before surgery. Pooled standard mean difference of displacement of center of pressure (COP) was − 0.39 (95% CI − 0.72 to − 0.06; P = 0.02; I2 = 51%), and KOA patients had better static balance after TKA surgery than before surgery.

Conclusions
To conclude, no standardized comprehensive evaluation protocol presently exists though different assessment tools are available to measure proprioception. Contrasting results were found in the literature since some studies found that TKA improves proprioception in KOA patients, while others found no difference in proprioception. These differences are seen whether the proprioception was assessed by joint position sense (JPS), or it was indirectly assessed by static balance. However, the lack of sufficient data on the threshold to detect passive movement (TTDPM) and dynamic balance made it difficult to draw a conclusion about whether or not the sense of motion improved after surgery. The method for measuring and evaluating knee joint force sense is worth paying attention, which will make progress with knee proprioception on TKA patients.
Five-year outcomes of trauma-specific function in patients after acute blunt popliteal artery injury: a matched cohort analysis
Authors: Liu Gang , Chen Jialei , Xiang Zhou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew studies focus on the trauma-specific functional outcomes after surgical revascularization and risk factors contributing to poor outcomes in patients with acute blunt popliteal artery injury (PAI). The objective of this study was to investigate the long-term trauma-specific functional outcomes in patients with acute blunt PAI and identify the associated risk factors.MethodsThere were 36 patients with acute blunt PAI who require surgical revascularization at a national trauma center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March 2010 and April 2019. After propensity matching, each patient was matched to one patient who did not have a concomitant vascular injury in control cohort. Functional outcomes were assessed with trauma-specific functional scores, physical examination of range of motion, nerve functional status and knee stability. A logistics regression model was established to determine the independent risk factors.ResultsThe 5-year (range 2–10 years) follow-up showed that 22 patients (22/36, 61.1%) had functional deficit due to limited activity or chronic neurological symptoms. Patients in vascular cohort had significantly decreased FIM score and AHFS score compared with matched patients without vascular involvement (P = 0.003 andP < 0.001), whereas there was no statistically significant difference in KSS (P = 0.136). Spearman correlation analysis of functional scores in vascular cohort showed that the FIM score was positively correlated with AHFS score (r = 0.926,P < 0.001), but not correlated with the KSS (r =  − 0.007,P = 0.967). Additionally, there was significant difference in the range of motion of ankle between two groups (P < 0.001 andP = 0.034). Logistic regression analysis further demonstrated nerve injuries and compartment syndrome were risk factors for poor ankle function after surgery (OR 22.580,P = 0.036 and OR 12.674,P = 0.041).ConclusionMost patients who sustained blunt PAI had significant functional deficit associated with limited activity and chronic neurological symptoms of ankle and foot, and poor functional outcomes were related to nerve injury and compartment syndrome. Therefore, early and effective decompression for compartment syndrome remains the only potentially modifiable risk factor for improving functional outcomes following PAI.
Pulmonary tumour embolism and lymphangitis carcinomatosa: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Engel Jan , Auer Johann 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary tumour embolism and lymphangitis carcinomatosa are complications of malignancy that may mimic the clinical presentation of pulmonary embolism.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 52-year-old male patient with acute-onset right ventricular strain and dyspnoea with elevated D-dimer and without signs of pulmonary embolism on computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy. The patient died eleven days after initial presentation. The diagnosis of pulmonary tumour embolism and lymphangitis carcinomatosa due to carcinoma of unknown origin was made post-mortem by immunohistochemical examination.

Conclusion
Pulmonary tumour embolism and lymphangitis carcinomaosa are complications of malignancy and potential causes of acute right ventricular strain. Radiological signs are unspecific and the clinical course usually fatal. These differential diagnoses should be considered in patients with acute right ventricular strain, dyspnoea and positive D-dimer if there are no signs of pulmonary embolism on CTPA.
The impact of segmentectomy versus lobectomy on pulmonary function in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Yuan , Qin Yingzhi , Ma Dongjie , Liu Hongsheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Segmentectomy has been reported as an alternative to lobectomy for small-sized NSCLC without detriment to survival. The long-term benefits of segmentectomy over lobectomy on pulmonary function have not been firmly established. This meta-analysis aims to compare postoperative changes in pulmonary function in NSCLC patients undergoing segmentectomy or lobectomy.

Methods
Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus were searched through March 2021. Statistical comparisons were made when appropriate.

Results
Fourteen studies (2412 participants) out of 324 citations were included in this study. All selected studies were high quality, as indicated by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for assessing the risk of bias. Clinical outcomes were compared between segmentectomy and lobectomy. ΔFEV1 [10 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 0.40 (0.29, 0.51)], ΔFVC [4 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 0.16 (0.07, 0.24)], ΔFVC% [4 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 4.05 (2.32, 5.79)], ΔFEV1/FVC [2 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 1.99 (0.90, 3.08)], and ΔDLCO [3 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 1.30 (0.69, 1.90)] were significantly lower in the segmentectomy group than in the lobectomy group. Subgroup analysis showed that in stage IA patients, the ΔFEV1% [3 studies, P < 0.01, WMD = 0.26 (0.07, 0.46)] was significantly lower in the segmentectomy group. The ΔDLCO% and ΔMVV% were incomparable.

Conclusion
Segmentectomy preserves more lung function than lobectomy. There were significantly smaller decreases in FEV1, FVC, FVC%, FEV1/FVC and DLCO in the segmentectomy group than in the lobectomy group.
Surgical repair for left coronary artery-right atrium fistula with giant coronary aneurysm
Authors: Jin Yan , Zhang Mengfei , He Juan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronary artery fistula is a rare coronary anomaly which is defined as a communication between coronary artery and other heart chambers or vascular structures. The coronary artery which supply the fistula with blood can dilated, as a consequence, coronary aneurysm developed.

Case introduction
Coronary artery fistula is frequently asymptomatic in its early stage, here we report a 26-year-old woman with left coronary artery fistula and left coronary artery aneurysm who presented in our hospital with dyspnea, fatigue and palpitation. The orifice of fistula was closed by continuous suture via right atriotomy. The wall of the aneurysm and enlarged LCA were partially resected along its longitudinal axis so that we can reduce the diameter of LCA to approximately normal.

Conclusion
This technique provides a safe method for surgical repair of the giant coronary artery aneurysm with CAF.
Application of Bayesian methods to accelerate rare disease drug development: scopes and hurdles
Authors: Kidwell Kelley M. , Roychoudhury Satrajit , Wendelberger Barbara , Scott John , Moroz Tara , Yin Shaoming , Majumder Madhurima , Zhong John , Huml Raymond A. , Miller Veronica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundDesign and analysis of clinical trials for rare and ultra-rare disease pose unique challenges to the practitioners. Meeting conventional power requirements is infeasible for diseases where sample sizes are inherently very small. Moreover, rare disease populations are generally heterogeneous and widely dispersed, which complicates study enrollment and design. Leveraging all available information in rare and ultra-rare disease trials can improve both drug development and informed decision-making processes.Main textBayesian statistics provides a formal framework for combining all relevant information at all stages of the clinical trial, including trial design, execution, and analysis. This manuscript provides an overview of different Bayesian methods applicable to clinical trials in rare disease. We present real or hypothetical case studies that address the key needs of rare disease drug development highlighting several specific Bayesian examples of clinical trials. Advantages and hurdles of these approaches are discussed in detail. In addition, we emphasize the practical and regulatory aspects in the context of real-life applications.ConclusionThe use of innovative trial designs such as master protocols and complex adaptive designs in conjunction with a Bayesian approach may help to reduce sample size, select the correct treatment and population, and accurately and reliably assess the treatment effect in the rare disease setting.
Do patients with Prader–Willi syndrome have favorable glucose metabolism?
Authors: Qian Yanjie , Xia Fangling , Zuo Yiming , Zhong Mianling , Yang Lili , Jiang Yonghui , Zou Chaochun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, more studies have observed that patients with Prader–Willi syndrome have lower insulin levels and lower insulin resistance than body mass index-matched controls, which may suggest protected glucose metabolism.

Method
The PubMed and Web of Science online databases were searched to identify relevant studies published in the English language using the terms “Prader–Willi syndrome” with “glucose”, “insulin”, “diabetes mellitus”, “fat”, “adipo*”, “ghrelin”, “oxytocin”, “irisin” or “autonomic nervous system”.

Results
The prevalence of impaired glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and some other obesity-associated complications in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome tends to be lower when compared to that in general obesity, which is consistent with the hypothetically protected glucose metabolism. Factors including adipose tissue, adiponectin, ghrelin, oxytocin, irisin, growth hormone and the autonomic nervous system possibly modulate insulin sensitivity in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome.

Conclusion
Although lower insulin levels, lower IR and protected glucose metabolism are widely reported in PWS patients, the causes are still mysterious. Based on existing knowledge, we cannot determine which factor is of utmost importance and what are the underlying mechanisms, and further research is in urgent need.
Rare and potential pathogenic mutations of LMNA and LAMA4 associated with familial arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia with right ventricular heart failure, cerebral thromboembolism and hereditary electrocardiogram abnormality
Authors: Chen Jia , Ma Yuting , Li Hong , Lin Zhuo , Yang Zhe , Zhang Qin , Wang Feng , Lin Yanping , Ye Zebing , Lin Yubi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is associated with ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure (HF), and sudden death. Thromboembolism is also an important and serious complication of ARVC/D. However, the etiology of ARVC/D and thromboembolism and their association with genetic mutations are unclear.MethodsGenomic DNA samples of peripheral blood were conducted for whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing in the ARVC/D family. Then, we performed bioinformatics analysis for genes susceptible to cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias. Further, we analyzed how the potential pathogenic mutations were affecting the hydrophobicity and phosphorylation of amino acids and their joint pathogenicity by ProtScale, NetPhos and ORVAL algorisms.ResultsWe discovered a Chinese Han family of ARVC/D with right ventricular HF (RVHF), cerebral thromboembolism, arrhythmias (atrial fibrillation, atrial standstill, multifocal ventricular premature, complete right bundle block and third-degree atrioventricular block) and sudden death. Based on the WES data, the variants ofLMNAp.A242V,LAMA4p.A225P andRYR2p.T858M are highly conserved and predicated as “deleterious” by SIFT and MetaSVM algorithms. Their CADD predicting scores are 33, 27.4 and 25.8, respectively. These variants increase the hydrophobicity of their corresponding amino acid residues and their nearby sequences by 0.378, 0.266 and 0.289, respectively. TheLAMA4andRYR2variants lead to changes in protein phosphorylation at or near their corresponding amino acid sites. There were high risks of joint pathogenicity for cardiomyopathy among these three variants. Cosegregation analysis indicated thatLMNAp.A242V might be an important risk factor for ARVC/D, electrocardiogram abnormality and cerebral thromboembolism, whileLAMA4p.A225P may be a pathogenic etiology of ARVC/D and hereditary electrocardiogram abnormality.ConclusionsTheLMNAp.A242V may participate in the pathogenesis of familial ARVC/D with RVHF and cerebral thromboembolism, whileLAMA4p.A225P may be associated with ARVC/D and hereditary electrocardiogram abnormality.
Oligodendrocyte death and myelin loss in the cuprizone model: an updated overview of the intrinsic and extrinsic causes of cuprizone demyelination
Authors: Zirngibl Martin , Assinck Peggy , Sizov Anastasia , Caprariello Andrew V. , Plemel Jason R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe dietary consumption of cuprizone – a copper chelator – has long been known to induce demyelination of specific brain structures and is widely used as model of multiple sclerosis. Despite the extensive use of cuprizone, the mechanism by which it induces demyelination are still unknown. With this review we provide an updated understanding of this model, by showcasing two distinct yet overlapping modes of action for cuprizone-induced demyelination; 1) damage originating from within the oligodendrocyte, caused by mitochondrial dysfunction or reduced myelin protein synthesis. We term this mode of action ‘intrinsic cell damage’. And 2) damage to the oligodendrocyte exerted by inflammatory molecules, brain resident cells, such as oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia or peripheral immune cells – neutrophils or T-cells. We term this mode of action ‘extrinsic cellular damage’. Lastly, we summarize recent developments in research on different forms of cell death induced by cuprizone, which could add valuable insights into the mechanisms of cuprizone toxicity. With this review we hope to provide a modern understanding of cuprizone-induced demyelination to understand the causes behind the demyelination in MS.
Elimination of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection using an inactivated vaccine in combination with a roll-over method in a Hungarian large-scale pig herd
Authors: Pertich Attila , Barna Zoltán , Makai Orsolya , Farkas János , Molnár Tamás , Bálint Ádám , Szabó István , Albert Mihály 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes severe economic losses worldwide and only four countries in Europe are free from PRRSV. Complete depopulation–repopulation is the safest and fastest, but also the most expensive method for eradicating PRRSV from a population. Another possible way to eliminate an endemic PRRSV infection is to replace the infected breeding stock by gilts reared isolated and protected from PRRSV on an infected farm. With this method it is possible to maintain continuous production on the farm. The authors report the first successful elimination of PRRSV in a Hungarian large-scale pig farm by using an inactivated vaccine and performing segregated rearing of the offspring.Case presentationThe study was performed on a PRRSV infected farm (Farm A) with 1475 sows. The clinical signs of reproductive failure had been eliminated previously by using an inactivated vaccine (Progressis®, Ceva). At the beginning of the elimination programme, gilts intended for breeding were vaccinated at 60 and 90–100 days of age. After that, gilts selected for breeding were vaccinated at 6 months of age, on the 60–70th day of pregnancy and at weaning.Approximately 1200 piglets from vaccinated sows were transported at 7 weeks of age to a closed, empty farm (Farm B) after being tested negative for PRRSV by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and then were reared here until 14 weeks of age. At this age, all pigs were tested by PRRS ELISA. Seronegative gilts (n = 901) were subsequently transported from Farm B to a third, closed and empty farm (Farm C), and (having reached the breeding age) they were inseminated here after a second negative serological test (ELISA). At the same time, Farm A was depopulated, cleaned and disinfected. All pregnant gilts were transported from Farm C to Farm A after being re-tested negative for antibodies against PRRSV. Follow-up serology tests were performed after farrowing and results yielded only seronegative animals. Based on the subsequent negative test results, the herd was declared PRRSV free by the competent authority.ConclusionsThe presented farm was the first during the National PRRS Eradication Programme of Hungary to eradicate PRRSV successfully by vaccinating the sows with an inactivated vaccine and performing segregated rearing of the offspring. Production was almost continuous during the whole process of population replacement.
Short-term survival rates of 1397 horses referred for colic from 2010 to 2018
Authors: Dybkjær Emma , Steffensen Kirstine Fleng , Honoré Marie Louise , Dinesen Mathias Ankjær , Christophersen Mogens Teken , Pihl Tina Holberg 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundUp-to-date and hospital-specific knowledge of prognoses for horses with various forms of colic is essential for helping to guide owners’ decisions on costly treatments, and for assessing the continuous development of standards of care in the hospital. This study aimed to determine the short-term survival rates of horses admitted with colic to the University Hospital for Large Animals (UHLA), University of Copenhagen, Denmark, from 2010 to 2018, and to compare these to a previous local study as well as recent, comparable international studies.Short-term survival rates were calculated for horses grouped by treatment (surgical, medical) and diseases. Results were compared to the selected studies using Chi-square tests.ResultsA total of 1752 horses were admitted with colic during the period, of which 355 were excluded for reasons such as economic restrictions or immediate euthanasia. Short-term survival of the remaining 1397 cases was significantly higher (83.0% (95% CI 81.1–85.0%)) than a previous local study (76%) and a recent Dutch study (80%). Medical treatment was carried out in 77.1% of cases, and surgery in 22.9% of the cases. Short-term survival for medically (89.7%) and surgically (60.6%) treated horses was significantly higher in the present study compared to the previous study (87% and 42%, respectively), but was similar to that found in the Dutch study. Significantly fewer horses were euthanised during surgery than in the previous study (17.2 vs. 40%), and significantly more horses recovered from surgery (79.1 vs. 56%). Short-term survival rate of surgically treated horses (60.6%) did not differ from other European studies (55–62%).ConclusionsShort-term survival rates have increased since the previous study at UHLA, mainly due to a decrease in intraoperative euthanasia. Survival rates in this study are similar to those found in recent comparable colic studies.
Implementation of maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) in humanitarian settings: insights and experiences of humanitarian health practitioners and global technical expert meeting attendees
Authors: Russell Neal , Tappis Hannah , Mwanga Jean Paul , Black Benjamin , Thapa Kusum , Handzel Endang , Scudder Elaine , Amsalu Ribka , Reddi Jyoti , Palestra Francesca , Moran Allisyn C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR) is a system of identifying, analysing and learning lessons from such deaths in order to respond and prevent future deaths, and has been recommended by WHO and implemented in many low-and-middle income settings in recent years. However, there is limited documentation of experience with MPDSR in humanitarian settings. A meeting on MPDSR in humanitarian settings was convened by WHO, UNICEF, CDC and Save the Children, UNFPA and UNHCR on 17th–18th October 2019, informed by semi-structured interviews with a range of professionals, including expert attendees.

Consultation findings
Interviewees revealed significant obstacles to full implementation of the MPDSR process in humanitarian settings. Many obstacles were familiar to low resource settings in general but were amplified in the context of a humanitarian crisis, such as overburdened services, disincentives to reporting, accountability gaps, a blame approach, and politicisation of mortality. Factors more unique to humanitarian contexts included concerns about health worker security and moral distress. There are varying levels of institutionalisation and implementation capacity for MPDSR within humanitarian organisations. It is suggested that if poorly implemented, particularly with a punitive or blame approach, MPDSR may be counterproductive. Nevertheless, successes in MPDSR were described whereby the process led to concrete actions to prevent deaths, and where death reviews have led to improved understanding of complex and rectifiable contextual factors leading to deaths in humanitarian settings.

Conclusions
Despite the challenges, examples exist where the lessons learnt from MPDSR processes have led to improved access and quality of care in humanitarian contexts, including successful advocacy. An adapted approach is required to ensure feasibility, with varying implementation being possible in different phases of crises. There is a need for guidance on MPDSR in humanitarian contexts, and for greater documentation and learning from experiences.