bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allele‐specificcis‐regulatory methylation of the gene for vasoactive intestinal peptide in white‐throated sparrows
Authors: Prichard Mackenzie R. , Grogan Kathleen E. , Merritt Jennifer R. , Root Jessica , Maney Donna L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhite‐throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) offer a unique opportunity to connect genotype with behavioral phenotype. In this species, a rearrangement of the second chromosome is linked with territorial aggression; birds with a copy of this “supergene” rearrangement are more aggressive than those without it. The supergene has captured the geneVIP, which encodes vasoactive intestinal peptide, a neuromodulator that drives aggression in other songbirds. In white‐throated sparrows,VIPexpression is higher in the anterior hypothalamus of birds with the supergene than those without it, and expression ofVIPin this region predicts the level of territorial aggression regardless of genotype. Here, we aimed to identify epigenetic mechanisms that could contribute to differential expression ofVIPboth in breeding adults, which exhibit morph differences in territorial aggression, and in nestlings, before territorial behavior develops. We extracted and bisulfite‐converted DNA from samples of the hypothalamus in wild‐caught adults and nestlings and used high‐throughput sequencing to measure DNA methylation of a region upstream of theVIPstart site. We found that the allele inside the supergene was less methylated than the alternative allele in both adults and nestlings. The differential methylation was attributed primarily to CpG sites that were shared between the alleles, not to polymorphic sites, which suggests that epigenetic regulation is occurring independently of the genetic differentiation within the supergene. This work represents an initial step toward understanding how epigenetic differentiation inside chromosomal inversions leads to the development of alternative behavioral phenotypes.
Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
Authors: Villegas Daniel M. , Arévalo Ashly , Sotelo Mauricio , Nuñez Jonathan , Moreta Danilo , Rao Idupulapati , Ishitani Manabu , Subbarao Guntur V. , Arango Jacobo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the low fertility acid soils of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia, Urochloa humidicola cv. Tully or Humidicola is one of the most widely planted tropical forage grasses for improving livestock productivity. Low nutritional quality of this grass limits sustainable livestock production in this region. In this study, we conducted a phenotypic evaluation under field and greenhouse conditions of one of the first hybrid populations of U. humidicola generated from the forage breeding program of CIAT. Our objective was to identify a set of new hybrids of U. humidicola that combine improved productivity and nutritional quality plus the biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) trait/ability to reduce nitrogen (N) losses via leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To this end, we tested 118 hybrids (planted in pots) in the greenhouse for over 6 months and measured potential nitrification rates (NR) using soil microcosm incubation. NR values observed ranged from 0.27 to 5.75 mg N‐NO3− kg soil−1 day−1. Later, 12 hybrids with different levels of NR were selected and field‐tested in the Orinoquia region over a 4 years period (2013–2017) for dry matter production, nutrition quality (crude protein, in vitro digestibility and fibres content) and NR in each year. In the rainy season of 2018, two hybrids with superior agronomic performance and contrasting field level NR (Uh08/1149 and 0450) were subjected to analysis of soil‐borne N2O emissions after fertilization during 13 days. The NR values recorded were not directly correlated with the forage quality parameters evaluated, however, the two grasses with the lowest NR values were among those with the highest biomass production, crude protein content, and N uptake. The grass hybrid Uh08/1149 and the germplasm accession CIAT 16888 were found as materials with superior forage value, with production of 14.1 and 14.6 tons dry matter ha−1 year−1 (up to 8% higher than the cv. Tully), crude protein of 11.5 and 9.1% per cut (up to 20% higher than the cv. Tully), and N uptake of 31.6 and 25.7 kg N ha−1 cut−1 (up to 30% higher than the cv. Tully). Additionally, these two grasses are likely to exhibit high‐BNI ability, with potential to improve N use efficiency in managed pastures.
WHO 2022 classification of penile and scrotal cancers: updates and evolution
Authors: Menon S , Moch H , Berney DM , Cree IA , Srigley JR , Tsuzuki T , Compérat E , Hartmann A , Netto G , Rubin MA , Gill AJ , Turajlic S , Tan PH , Raspollini MR , Tickoo SK , Amin M B 
Published: October 2022

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant tumour of the penis. The 2022 WHO classification reinforces the 2016 classification and subclassifies precursor lesions and tumours into human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated and HPV‐independent types.HPV‐associated penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) is a precursor lesion of invasive HPV‐ associated SCC, whereas differentiated PeIN is a precursor lesion of HPV‐independent SCC. Block‐type positivity of p16 immunohistochemistry is the most practical daily utilised method to separate HPVassociated from HPVindependent penile SCC. If this is not feasible, the term SCC, not otherwise specified (NOS) is appropriate. Certain histologies that were previously classified as “subtypes” are now grouped, and coalesced as “patterns”, under the rubric of usual type SCC and verrucous carcinoma (e.g. usual‐type SCC includes pseudohyperplastic and acantholytic/pseudoglandular carcinoma, and carcinoma cuniculatum is included as a pattern of verrucous carcinoma). If there is an additional component of the usual type of invasive SCC (formerly termed hybrid histology), the tumour would be a mixed carcinoma (e.g. carcinoma cuniculatum or verrucous carcinoma with usual invasive SCC); in such cases, reporting of the relative percentages in mixed tumours may be useful. The consistent use of uniform nomenclature and reporting of percentages will inform the refinement of future reporting classification schemes and guidelines/recommendations.The classification of scrotal tumours is provided for the first time in the fifth edition of the WHO Blue book, and it follows the schema of penile cancer classification for both precursor lesions and the common SCC of the scrotum. Basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum may have a variable clinical course and finds a separate mention.
T‐cell receptor αβ+ double‐negative T cells in the kidney are predominantly extravascular and increase in abundance in response to ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Snelgrove Sarah L , Susanto Olivia , Yeung Louisa , Hall Pamela , Norman M Ursula , Corbett Alexandra J , Kitching A Richard , Hickey Michael J 
Published: October 2022

AbstractT‐cell receptor+CD4−CD8− double‐negative (DN) T cells are a population of T cells present in low abundance in blood and lymphoid organs, but enriched in various organs including the kidney. Despite burgeoning interest in these cells, studies examining their abundance in the kidney have reported conflicting results. Here we developed a flow cytometry strategy to clearly segregate DN T cells from other immune cells in the mouse kidney and used it to characterize their phenotype and response in renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI). These experiments revealed that in the healthy kidney, most DN T cells are located within the renal parenchyma and exhibit an effector memory phenotype. In response to IRI, the number of renal DN T cells is unaltered after 24 h, but significantly increased by 72 h. This increase is not related to alterations in proliferation or apoptosis. By contrast, adoptive transfer studies indicate that circulating DN T cells undergo preferential recruitment to the postischemic kidney. Furthermore, DN T cells show the capacity to upregulate CD8, both in vivo following adoptive transfer and in response to ex vivo activation. Together, these findings provide novel insights regarding the phenotype of DN T cells in the kidney, including their predominant extravascular location, and show that increases in their abundance in the kidney following IRI occur in part as a result of increased recruitment from the circulation. Furthermore, the observation that DN T cells can upregulate CD8 in vivo has important implications for detection and characterization of DN T cells in future studies.
Fcγ receptor‐mediated phagocytosis pathway was involved in phagocytosis of mIgM+ B lymphocytes from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Wu Jing , Nie Yifan , Wang Jingya , Feng Guoqing , Hao Le , Ma Yanping , Li Yugu , Liu Zhenxing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe potential for phagocytosis has been proven in teleost B cells, but the research on the regulatory mechanism of phagocytosis remains lacking. In this study, three largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (15 ± 5 g) were injected intraperitoneally with Nocardia seriolae (105 CFU/100 μl/fish) in vivo, and their spleen was collected at 72 h post‐infection for mRNA‐seq. After the de novo assembly of the paired‐end reads, 73,622 unigenes were obtained. Gene expression profiling revealed that 2043 unigenes were differentially expressed after N. seriolae infection, comprising 1285 upregulated and 758 downregulated unigenes (q‐value <0.05, log2FC > |2|) of which 181 genes were involved in phagocytosis. The Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that 12 differentially expressed genes (DEG) associated with phagocytosis were enriched in the Fcγ receptor‐mediated phagocytosis signalling pathway. In vitro, the phagocytic ability of mIgM+ B lymphocytes was validated using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIFA) and fluorescence activating cell sorter (FACS), and the phagocytosis rates of the mIgM+ B lymphocytes incubated with a Lyn inhibitor had decreased from 18.533 ± 6.00% to 11.610 ± 4.236% compared with the unblocked group. These results suggested that the Fcγ receptor‐mediated phagocytosis signalling pathway had participated in the phagocytosis of B cells and provide further insight into the role of B cells in innate immunology.
The impact of flooding on poor communities in Lagos State, Nigeria: The case of the Makoko urban settlement
Authors: Lawanson Olukemi Iyabode , Proverbs David , Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe impacts of flooding on socioeconomic outcomes have become a global concern for governments, policymakers, and international organizations alike. The situation is particularly challenging in developing nations where poor communities are more vulnerable to the impacts of flooding. Consequently, this study investigated the impact of flooding on poor communities and poverty levels in Africa with particular reference to the Makoko community in Lagos State, South‐West Region of Nigeria. A survey design was employed with the collection of data through an environmental structured audio interview questionnaire (ESAIQ). Three Hundred and Fifty‐Eight participants located in the core six district areas of the community took part in the research. The impacts of flooding were found to be negative and a significant impediment to community development. Flooding was found to aggravate poverty levels and negatively impact educational status and community development. This study recommends more community‐based approaches to help raise awareness and support the co‐development of interventions that can help improve resilience.
Predictors of persistent depressive and anxiety symptoms among older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Canada
Authors: Siddhpuria Shailee , Webber Colleen , Mahar Alyson L. , Hallet Julie , Rochon Paula A. , Reppas‐Rindlisbacher Christina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic has increased the risk of psychological distress for older adults during a period of reduced access to mental health support. We identified predictors of persistent depressive and anxiety symptoms among older adults throughout the initial 9 months of the pandemic.MethodsThis was a longitudinal study using web‐based surveys sent to a convenience sample of Canadians aged ≥55 years. A baseline survey was sent in May 2020, with eight surveys sent monthly between June 2020 and January 2021. Data were separated into three study periods, corresponding to coronavirus case rates. Respondents who met predetermined thresholds for elevated depressive or anxiety symptoms using standardized mental health scales during all three periods were defined as having persistent symptoms. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to compare the risk of persistent symptoms across respondent characteristics selected a priori.ResultsThere were 835 respondents who answered questions about depressive symptoms and 865 who answered questions about anxiety symptoms across all three study periods. Among those with complete follow‐up data, 19.2% (n = 159/827) reported persistent depressive symptoms and 16.4% (n = 140/856) reported persistent anxiety symptoms. Respondents with persistent depressive symptoms were more likely to be women (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 1.71; 95% CI 1.19–2.46), and report multimorbidity (aRR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07–1.97), pre‐existing depression (aRR 2.00; 95% CI 1.45–2.77) and pre‐existing anxiety (aRR 1.50; 95% CI 1.10–2.06). The same respondent characteristics were correlates of persistently elevated anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsOlder women, older adults with pre‐existing depression and anxiety, and those with multimorbidity were more likely to report persistent mental health symptoms during the first 9 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. These individuals were known to have elevated risk prior to the pandemic, and expanded interventions targeted to these groups are necessary to adequately address their mental health needs.
Asymmetric dimethyl arginine in captive owl monkeys (Aotus sp)
Authors: Teixeira André Luis de Souza , da Silva Welington Bandeira , de Gouvêa Liana Villela , de Souza Guilherme Nunes , Oliveira Karol Guimarães , Gonzaga Camila Nunes , Almosny Nádia Regina Pereira , de Alencar Nayro Xavier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOnly four of 40 animals had measurable asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels. The young primate had the lowest value (53.4 ng/ml) when compared with the two adults (218.8 ± 9.3 ng/ml) and the elderly one (320.5 ng/ml). The ADMA levels in this study may relate to the echocardiographic abnormalities found, and possible hypertensive individuals.
Amplifying research influence through the social network, open access publishing, and international collaboration: A mediation analysis on nursing studies literature
Authors: Tang Arthur , Li Kin‐Kit , Han SeungHee , Kwok Kin On , Tung Neo , Tam Wilson 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionResearch impact and influence are commonly measured quantitatively by citation count received by research articles. Many institutes also use citation count as one of the factors in faculty performance appraisal and candidate selection of academic positions. Various strategies were recommended to amplify and accelerate research influence, particularly citation counts, by bringing research articles to a wider reach for potential readers. However, no prior empirical study was conducted to examine and valid effects of those strategies on nursing studies.This study examines and verifies the direct effects and mediation effects of some strategies, namely, the use of Twitter, international collaboration, the use of ResearchGate, and open access publishing, for amplifying the citation of research and review articles in nursing studies.DesignCross‐sectional study design.MethodsArticles published in top nursing journals in 2016 were identified in PUBMED and the citation metrics for individual articles until 2021 were extracted from Scopus. The primary outcome was the citation count of the article, while the tweet count on Twitter of the article was considered a mediator. The predictors included paper type, the total number of authors, the proportion of authors with a ResearchGate account in the article, funding support, open‐accessed article, and the number of different countries stated in the authors' affiliation. A mediation analysis was conducted to examine the predictors' direct and indirect effects (i.e., via tweet count) on the citation count of the article.ResultsA total of 2210 articles were included in this study, of which 223 (10.1%) were review articles. The median (IQR) number of Scopus citations, tweets, countries, and percentage of authors with ResearchGate accounts were 12 (6–21), 2 (0–6), 1 (1–1), and 75% (50%–100%) respectively. In the mediation analysis, tweet count, article type, number of countries, percentage of authors with a ResearchGate account, and journal impact factors in 2014 were positively associated with the Scopus citation count. The effects of article type, open access, and journals' impact factors in 2014 on Scopus citation count were mediated by the tweet count.ConclusionThis study provides empirical support for some strategies researchers may employ to amplify the citation count of their research articles. The methodology of our study can be extended to compare research influence between entities (e.g., across countries or institutes).Clinical RelevanceThe citation refers to the research work cited by peers and is one of the indicators for research impact. Higher citations implied the research work is read and used by others, therefore, understanding the associated factors with higher citations is critical.
Dentist attitudes toward an annual benefit maximum in Iowa's adult Medicaid program
Authors: Scholtes Morgan , Comnick Carissa , Reynolds Julie C. , Ingleshwar Aparna , McKernan Susan C. , Damiano Peter C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Dental Wellness Plan (DWP) provides dental coverage for adult Medicaid enrollees in Iowa. In September 2018, a $1000 annual benefit maximum (ABM) was implemented in the DWP program. The aim of this study was to explore private dentists' attitudes toward ABMs and factors associated with ABM attitudes.MethodsThe data source was a mailed survey administered in spring 2019 to all private practice dentists in Iowa. The two dependent variables were (1) attitude toward the $1000 ABM and (2) attitude towardanyABM generally. Independent variables included demographic and practice‐related factors, and participation in and attitudes toward the DWP. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were conducted.ResultsWhile over half (56%) of providers reported a positive attitude toward “Any ABM,” less than half (40%) reported a positive attitude toward the “$1000 ABM.” Attitudes toward both “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” were significantly and positively associated with attitudes toward DWP overall and toward DWP structure. Independent variables that were significantly associated with both the “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” included overall attitude toward the DWP, attitude toward DWP structure, and practice busyness.ConclusionsUtilizing an ABM, particularly one set at $1000 for a Medicaid program, elicits mixed attitudes among dentists. Future research should evaluate the impact of Medicaid ABMs on long term dentist participation and patient's ability to receive needed care.
Identifying characteristics of a skilled communicator in the clinical encounter
Authors: Verheijden Michelle , Giroldi Esther , van den Eertwegh Valerie , Luijkx Marscha , van der Weijden Trudy , de Bruin Anique , Timmerman Angelique 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn medical communication research, there has been a shift from ‘communication skills’ towards ‘skilled communication’, the latter implying the development of flexibility and creativity to tailor communication to authentic clinical situations. However, a lack of consensus currently exists what skilled communication entails. This study therefore aims to identify characteristics of a skilled communicator, hereby contributing to theory building in communication research and informing medical training.MethodIn 2020, six nominal group technique (NGT) sessions were conducted in the context of the general practitioner (GP) training programme engaging 34 stakeholders (i.e. GPs, GP residents, faculty members and researchers) based on their experience and expertise in doctor–patient communication. Participants in each NGT session rank‐ordered a ‘Top 7’ of characteristics of a skilled communicator. The output of the NGT sessions was analysed using mixed methods, including descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis during an iterative process.ResultsRankings of the six sessions consisted of 191 items in total, which were organised into 41 clusters. Thematic content analysis of the identified 41 clusters revealed nine themes describing characteristics of a skilled communicator: (A) being sensitive and adapting to the patient; (B) being proficient in applying interpersonal communication; (C) self‐awareness, learning ability and reflective capacity; (D) being genuinely interested; (E) being proficient in applying patient‐centred communication; (F) goal‐oriented communication; (G) being authentic; (H) active listening; and (I) collaborating with the patient.ConclusionsWe conceptualise a skilled communication approach based on the identified characteristics in the present study to support learning in medical training. In a conceptual model, two parallel processes are key in developing adaptive expertise in communication: (1) being sensitive and adapting communication to the patient and (2) monitoring communication performance in terms of self‐awareness and reflective capacity. The identified characteristics and the conceptual model provide a base to develop a learner‐centred programme, facilitating repeated practice and reflection. Further research should investigate how learners can be optimally supported in becoming skilled communicators during workplace learning.