bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topographic design in wearable MXene sensors with in-sensor machine learning for full-body avatar reconstruction
Authors: Yang Haitao , Li Jiali , Xiao Xiao , Wang Jiahao , Li Yufei , Li Kerui , Li Zhipeng , Yang Haochen , Wang Qian , Yang Jie , Ho John S. , Yeh Po-Len , Mouthaan Koen , Wang Xiaonan , Shah Sahil , Chen Po-Yen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWearable strain sensors that detect joint/muscle strain changes become prevalent at human–machine interfaces for full-body motion monitoring. However, most wearable devices cannot offer customizable opportunities to match the sensor characteristics with specific deformation ranges of joints/muscles, resulting in suboptimal performance. Adequate wearable strain sensor design is highly required to achieve user-designated working windows without sacrificing high sensitivity, accompanied with real-time data processing. Herein, wearable Ti3C2Tx MXene sensor modules are fabricated with in-sensor machine learning (ML) models, either functioning via wireless streaming or edge computing, for full-body motion classifications and avatar reconstruction. Through topographic design on piezoresistive nanolayers, the wearable strain sensor modules exhibited ultrahigh sensitivities within the working windows that meet all joint deformation ranges. By integrating the wearable sensors with a ML chip, an edge sensor module is fabricated, enabling in-sensor reconstruction of high-precision avatar animations that mimic continuous full-body motions with an average avatar determination error of 3.5 cm, without additional computing devices.
Lagging strand gap suppression connects BRCA-mediated fork protection to nucleosome assembly through PCNA-dependent CAF-1 recycling
Authors: Thakar Tanay , Dhoonmoon Ashna , Straka Joshua , Schleicher Emily M. , Nicolae Claudia M. , Moldovan George-Lucian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe inability to protect stalled replication forks from nucleolytic degradation drives genome instability and underlies chemosensitivity in BRCA-deficient tumors. An emerging hallmark of BRCA-deficiency is the inability to suppress replication-associated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps. Here, we report that lagging strand ssDNA gaps interfere with the ASF1-CAF-1 nucleosome assembly pathway, and drive fork degradation in BRCA-deficient cells. We show that CAF-1 function at replication forks is lost in BRCA-deficient cells, due to defects in its recycling during replication stress. This CAF-1 recycling defect is caused by lagging strand gaps which preclude PCNA unloading, causing sequestration of PCNA-CAF-1 complexes on chromatin. Importantly, correcting PCNA unloading defects in BRCA-deficient cells restores CAF-1-dependent fork stability. We further show that the activation of a HIRA-dependent compensatory histone deposition pathway restores fork stability to BRCA-deficient cells. We thus define lagging strand gap suppression and nucleosome assembly as critical enablers of BRCA-mediated fork stability.
Corneal confocal microscopy differentiates patients with Parkinson’s disease with and without autonomic involvement
Authors: Che Ning-Ning , Chen Shuai , Jiang Qiu-Huan , Chen Si-Yuan , Zhao Zhen-Xiang , Li Xue , Malik Rayaz A. , Ma Jian-Jun , Yang Hong-Qi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAutonomic dysregulation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can precede motor deficits and is associated with reduced quality of life, disease progression, and increased mortality. Objective markers of autonomic involvement in PD are limited. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a rapid ophthalmic technique that can quantify small nerve damage in a range of peripheral and autonomic neuropathies. Here we investigated whether CCM can be used to assess autonomic symptoms in PD. Based on the scale for outcomes in Parkinson’s disease for autonomic symptoms (SCOPA-AUT), patients with PD were classified into those without autonomic symptoms (AutD-N), with single (AutD-S), and multiple (AutD-M) domain autonomic dysfunction. Corneal nerve fiber pathology was quantified using CCM, and the relationship with autonomic symptoms was explored. The study enrolled 71 PD patients and 30 control subjects. Corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL), and CNBD/CNFD ratio were lower in PD patients with autonomic symptoms compared to those without autonomic symptoms. Autonomic symptoms correlated positively with CNFD (r = −0.350, p = 0.004), and were not related to Levodopa equivalent daily dose (r = 0.042, p = 0.733) after adjusting for age, disease severity, disease duration or cognitive function. CCM parameters had high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing patients with PD with and without autonomic symptoms. PD patients with autonomic symptoms have corneal nerve loss, and CCM could serve as an objective ophthalmic imaging technique to identify patients with PD and autonomic symptoms.
Topological nonlinear optics with spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in cavity
Authors: Yasir Kashif Ammar , Zhuang Lin , Liu Wu-Ming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe investigate topological nonlinear optics with spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a cavity. The cavity is driven by a pump laser and a weak probe laser. Both lasers excite Bose-Einstein condensate, in the presence of standard Raman process for spin-orbit coupling, to an intermediate storage level. We theoretically show that the quantum interference at the transitional pathways of dressed atomic states results in different types of optical transparencies, which get completely inverted in atomic damping induced gain regime. The synthetic pseudo-spin states also implant different phases in the probe field forcing modes in probe transparencies to form gapless Dirac cones, which become gapped in presence of Raman detuning. These features get interestingly enhanced in gain regime where the amplified part of probe transparencies appear as gapless topological edge-like states between the probe bulk modes and cause non-trivial phase transition. We illustrate that the nonlinear interactions of the pseudo-spin states also enhance the slow light features in probe transmission. The manipulation of dressed states for topological optical transparencies in our findings could be a crucial step towards topological photonics and their application in quantum computation.
MilkyBase, a database of human milk composition as a function of maternal-, infant- and measurement conditions
Authors: Pacza Tünde , Martins Mayara L. , Rockaya Maha , Müller Katalin , Chatterjee Ayan , Barabási Albert-László , Baranyi József 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study describes the development of a database, called MilkyBase, of the biochemical composition of human milk. The data were selected, digitized and curated partly by machine-learning, partly manually from publications. The database can be used to find patterns in the milk composition as a function of maternal-, infant- and measurement conditions and as a platform for users to put their own data in the format shown here. The database is an Excel workbook of linked sheets, making it easy to input data by non-computationally minded nutritionists. The hierarchical organisation of the fields makes sure that statistical inference methods can be programmed to analyse the data. Uncertainty quantification and recording dynamic (time-dependent) compositions offer predictive potentials.
Chromosomal-scale genome assembly of the near-extinction big-head schizothorcin (Aspiorhynchus laticeps)
Authors: Niu Jiangong , Zhang Renming , Hu Jiangwei , Zhang Tao , Liu Hong , Minavar Muyit , Zhang Hui , Xian Weiwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe big-head schizothorcin (Aspiorhynchus laticeps) is an endemic and near-extinction freshwater fish in Xinjiang, China. In this study, a chromosome-scale genome assembly ofA. laticepswas generated using PacBio and Hi-C techniques. The PacBio sequencing data resulted in a 1.58 Gb assembly with a contig N50 of 1.27 Mb. Using Hi-C scaffolding approach, 88.38% of the initial assembled sequences were anchored and oriented into a chromosomal-scale assembly. The final assembly consisted of 25 pseudo-chromosomes that yielded 1.37 Gb of sequence, with a scaffold N50 of 44.02 Mb. BUSCO analysis showed a completeness score of 93.7%. The genome contained 48,537 predicted protein-coding genes and 58.31% of the assembly was annotated as repetitive sequences. Whole genome duplication events were further confirmed using 4dTv analysis. The genome assembly ofA. laticepsshould be valuable and important to understand the genetic adaptation and endangerment process of this species, which could lead to more effective management and conservation of the big-head schizothorcin and related freshwater fish species.
Kinetic and thermodynamic study in piezo degradation of methylene blue by SbSI/Sb2S3 nanocomposites stimulated by zirconium oxide balls
Authors: Babakr Karukh A. , Amiri Omid , Guo L. Jay , Rashi Mohammad Ali , Mahmood Peshawa H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMechanical energy harvesting by piezoelectric materials to drive catalysis reactions received extensive attention for environmental remediation. In this work, SbSI/Sb2S3 nanocomposites were synthesized as a catalyst. ZrO2 balls were used as an alternative mechanical force to ultrasonic for stimulating the piezocatalyst for the first time. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the piezo degradation of methylene blue (MB) were studied deeply. Besides the effect of the type of mechanical force, the number of ZrO2 balls, and temperature of the reaction on the degradation efficiency were studied. Here mechanical energy came from the collision of the ZrO2 balls with the catalyst particles. Using ZrO2 balls instead of ultrasonic vibration led to enhance degradation efficiency by 47% at 30 ± 5 °C. A kinetic study revealed that piezo degradation of methylene blue (MB) by SbSI/Sb2S3 catalyst followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. Based on thermodynamic results piezo degradation of MB was an exothermic reaction.
The impact of expanded telehealth availability on primary care utilization
Authors: Dixit Ram A. , Ratwani Raj M. , Bishop Jasmine A. , Schulman Kevin , Sharp Christopher , Palakanis Kerry , Booker Ethan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe expanded availability of telehealth due to the COVID-19 pandemic presents a concern that telehealth may result in an unnecessary increase in utilization. We analyzed 4,114,651 primary care encounters (939,134 unique patients) from three healthcare systems between 2019 and 2021 and found little change in utilization as telehealth became widely available. Results suggest telehealth availability is not resulting in additional primary care visits and federal policies should support telehealth use.
Privacy‐preserving gradient boosting tree: Vertical federated learning for collaborative bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Xia Liqiao , Zheng Pai , Li Jinjie , Tang Wangchujun , Zhang Xiangying 
Published: September 2022

AbstractData‐driven fault diagnosis approaches have been widely adopted due to their persuasive performance. However, data are always insufficient to develop effective fault diagnosis models in real manufacturing scenarios. Despite numerous approaches that have been offered to mitigate the negative effects of insufficient data, the most challenging issue lies in how to break down the data silos to enlarge data volume while preserving data privacy. To address this issue, a vertical federated learning (FL) model, privacy‐preserving boosting tree, has been developed for collaborative fault diagnosis of industrial practitioners while maintaining anonymity. Only the model information will be shared under the homomorphic encryption protocol, safeguarding data privacy while retaining high accuracy. Besides, an Autoencoder model is provided to encourage practitioners to contribute and then improve model performance. Two bearing fault case studies are conducted to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach by comparing it with typical scenarios. This present study's findings offer industrial practitioners insights into investigating the vertical FL in fault diagnosis.
Drastically reduced sensor hardware for solvable chaos‐based sonar
Authors: Syed Tamseel Mahmood , Pappu Chandra Shekar , Beal Aubrey N. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAn acoustic ranging demonstration is presented in a reflective environment using solvable chaos with novel and practical hardware advances. Previously, solvable chaos was optimally detected using ideal alignment, random codes and an 11 element microphone array for environments free of multipath reflections. In this work, ranging experiments were performed with drastically reduced sensor hardware and measurements were extended to include non‐ideal effects such as multipath and angle misalignment from reduced line of sight (LOS). Importantly, this new scheme not only reduces the size and power of these systems by over 83%, a novel triggering technique allows for triggering on targeted bit sequences and produces sidelobe levels that are independent of oscillator dynamics. Ranging results from a closed, reflective cavity obtained using a 10 kHz solvable chaotic oscillator are reported. Measured sidelobe levels were typically between −1.80 dB and −15.85 dB. The resulting demonstration shows successful ranging despite drastically reduced hardware and environmental imperfections.
OMC-2 FIR 4 under the microscope: Shocks, filaments, and a highly collimated jet at 100 au scales
Authors: Chahine L. , López-Sepulcre A. , Podio L. , Codella C. , Neri R. , Mercimek S. , De Simone M. , Caselli P. , Ceccarelli C. , Bouvier M. , Sakai N. , Fontani F. , Yamamoto S. , Alves F. O. , Lattanzi V. , Evans L. , Favre C. 
Published: September 2022

Context. Star-forming molecular clouds are characterised by the ubiquity of intertwined filaments. The filaments have been observed in both high- and low-mass star-forming regions, and they are thought to split into collections of sonic fibres. The locations where filaments converge are termed hubs, and these are associated with the young stellar clusters. However, the observations of filamentary structures within hubs at distances of 75–300 pc require a high angular resolution <2″ (~ 150–600 au) that limits the number of such studies conducted so far.
Aims. The integral shaped filament (ISF) of the Orion A molecular cloud is noted for harbouring several hubs within which no filamentary structures have been observed so far. The goal of our study is to investigate the nature of the filamentary structures within one of these hubs, which is the chemically rich hub OMC-2 FIR 4, and to analyse their emission with high density and shock tracers.
Methods. We observed the OMC-2 FIR 4 proto-cluster using Band 6 of the Atacama Large (sub-)Millimetre Array (ALMA) in Cycle 4 with an angular resolution of ~0.26″ (100 au). We analysed the spatial distribution of dust, the shock tracer SiO, and dense gas tracers (i.e., CH3OH, CS, and H13CN). We also studied the gas kinematics using SiO and CH3OH maps.
Results. Our observations for the first time reveal interwoven filamentary structures within OMC-2 FIR 4 that are probed by several tracers. Each filamentary structure is characterised by a distinct velocity as seen from the emission peak of CH3OH lines. They also show transonic and supersonic motions. SiO is associated with filaments and also with multiple bow-shock features. The bow-shock features have sizes between ~500 and 2700 au and are likely produced by the outflow from HOPS-370. Their dynamical ages are <800 yr. In addition, for the first time, we reveal a highly collimated SiO jet (~1°) with a projected length of ~5200 au from the embedded protostar VLA 15.
Conclusions. Our study unveiled the previously unresolved filamentary structures as well as the shocks within OMC-2 FIR 4. The kinematics of the filamentary structures might be altered by external and/or internal mechanisms such as the wind from H II regions, the precessing jet from the protostellar source HOPS-370, or the jet from VLA 15. While the complexity of the region, coupled with the limited number of molecular lines in our dataset, makes any clear association with these mechanisms challenging, our study shows that multi-scale observations of these regions are crucial for understanding the accretion processes and flow of material that shape star formation.
COVID-19 health certification reduces outgroup bias: evidence from a conjoint experiment in Japan
Authors: Kubo Yoshiaki , Okada Isamu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe psychological theory argues that serious threats cause negative attitudes from ingroups to outgroups. However, the factors that can reduce such outgroup bias caused by the health threats of a pandemic are unknown. Here, we provide evidence that health certifications to prove immunity or negative test result for COVID-19 reduce outgroup bias. Using a discrete choice experiment with a randomized conjoint design in Japan, we investigated public attitudes towards inbound travelers entering the country, including foreigners, immigrants, and tourists. We found that travelers carrying a vaccination certificate or a negative test result for COVID-19 have a higher probability or rating of being admitted to the country. These effects are the same size as those for travelers undergoing self-isolation. Thus, our results demonstrate that health certification can mitigate outgroup bias among ingroup members experiencing threats to health due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We anticipate that the findings would support the combined usage of vaccine passports and negative certificates to reopen the international borders.
Loneliness, student engagement, and academic achievement during emergency remote teaching during COVID-19: the role of the God locus of control
Authors: Mizani Hilmi , Cahyadi Ani , Hendryadi Hendryadi , Salamah Salamah , Retno Sari Santi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has raised many problems in the education sector, one of which is the increasing trend toward student loneliness owing to a lack of interpersonal connections in online learning activities. The present study explicitly aims to examine the relationship between loneliness and academic achievement for university students in Indonesia. Moreover, we propose moderating God’s locus of control (i.e., God’s control over behavior-related learning) (GLC) and learning student engagement, playing mediating roles in these relationships. The data were collected from 324 respondents among university students in Indonesia during emergency remote teaching. The moderated-mediated regression analysis using Hayes’ PROCESS macro found loneliness negatively related to engagement and academic achievement. Student engagement had a positive relationship with academic achievement and served as a mediator between loneliness and academic achievement. Furthermore, GLC was found to moderate the relationship between loneliness and learning engagement as well as loneliness and academic achievement. This study’s findings uncover GLC’s role as a boundary condition, and confirms that learning-engagement intermediates the relationship between loneliness and academic achievement. Students with high perceived God control tend to anticipate the impact of loneliness on learning behavior amid isolation and loneliness because of the pandemic.
Frequency of feeding during the periconceptional period did not alter reproduction in Merino sheep
Authors: Robertson Susan M. , Morona Alexandra , Gunn Allan , Piltz John , Scott Christopher J. , Friend Michael A. 
Published: September 2022

Context During drought, it is currently recommended to feed complete rations to sheep every second or third day, rather than daily, to reduce labour costs and the incidence of shy feeders. However, the frequency of feeding to ewes in the periconceptual period may influence fertility and fecundity and therefore profitability. Aims The study was designed to determine whether the feeding frequency of maintenance energy levels during joining affects reproductive performance and wool production of Merino ewes. Methods A group-fed pen study was conducted using two treatments and four replicates. Naturally oestrous-cycling Merino ewes (n = 800) were fed barley grain (90%) and wheat straw (10%) from 17 days before ram introduction until Day 30 of a 48-day joining period, either once-daily or on alternate days at maintenance energy levels. Lambing performance was recorded for 505 ewes pregnant by Day 19 of joining. Wool quality was assessed on Day 117 after commencement of joining. Key results Clinical acidosis occurred in both treatments, although the rate of mortality was low (4/800). The proportion of shy feeders was not affected (P = 0.486) by feeding frequency (n = 77, removed from pens). For the remaining ewes, weight loss was reduced by 1 kg (P = 0.003) when fed daily. Plasma progesterone concentrations post-mating were reduced (P < 0.001) by 18% with alternate-day feeding. Proportions of ewes mated, returning to service, pregnant or bearing multiple fetuses, lamb survival, lamb weights at marking and ram semen morphology were similar (P > 0.05) between feeding groups. Wool fibre diameter, staple strength and yield were similar between treatments. Ewes removed as shy feeders and joined on pasture recorded a 33% lower pregnancy rate but 17% higher rate of multiple fetuses than pen-joined ewes. Conclusions Ewes can be fed complete high-grain maintenance rations at 2-day intervals during joining without a reduction in reproductive traits or wool quality compared with daily feeding. Implications Producers may save labour with longer feeding intervals; however, greater monitoring and management intervention may be needed to maintain ewe liveweight when fed long term. Impacts in flocks without acidosis, on ram fertility when feeding is prolonged pre-joining, and with different diets require study.
The insignificant effect of increased sulfate concentration on nitrogen dynamics in eutrophic lakes: the neglected role of iron ions
Authors: Liu Baogui , Peng Yu , Yu Miaotong , Zhou Muchun , Zhang Lanqing , Chen Li , Jia Ruoyu , Zhou Chuanqiao , Wu Yiting , Xu Xiaoguang , Wang Guoxiang 
Published: September 2022

Context Sulfate (SO42−) concentrations in eutrophic lakes are continuously increasing. Aims This study aimed to explore the effects on nitrogen and their limiting factors in eutrophic lakes. Methods We constructed a series of microcosms with different initial SO42− concentrations (0–180 mg L−1) to simulate the SO42− concentration in eutrophic lakes. Key results The NO3−-N concentration rapidly decreased in all treatments. The respective 2.21 and 2.77 mg L−1 concentrations of NO3−-N recorded on Day 5 in the initial 150 and 180 mg L−1 SO42− concentration treatments were higher than in other treatments. The highest N2O concentrations in all treatments showed insignificant differences. The existence of free Fe2+ that was released from iron reduction resulted in an insignificant effect of increased SO42− concentration on nitrogen dynamics. With a decrease in Fe2+, the acid volatile sulfate (AVS) increased, and the highest AVS concentrations were positively correlated with the initial SO42− concentration (7.20–12.88 mg kg−1). Conclusion This effect could be ascribed to the fact that the rapid combination of sulfide (∑S2−) and Fe2+ prevents ∑S2− from producing a toxic effect on the denitrification. Implications Our study highlighted the role of iron in eutrophic lakes, especially in the coupling of sulfate reduction and nitrogen dynamics.