bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 Reactivity as a Biomarker of Exposure-based Therapy Non-Response: Study Protocol
Authors: Smits Jasper A. J. , Monfils Marie-H. , Otto Michael W. , Telch Michael J. , Shumake Jason , Feinstein Justin S. , Khalsa Sahib S. , Cobb Adam R. , Parsons E. Marie , Long Laura J. , McSpadden Bryan , Johnson David , Greenberg Alma , Consortium Exposure Therapy Consortium Therapy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Exposure-based therapy is an effective first-line treatment for anxiety-, obsessive-compulsive, and trauma- and stressor-related disorders; however, many patients do not improve, resulting in prolonged suffering and poorly used resources. Basic research on fear extinction may inform the development of a biomarker for the selection of exposure-based therapy. Growing evidence links orexin system activity to deficits in fear extinction and we have demonstrated that reactivity to an inhaled carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge - a safe, affordable and easy-to-implement procedure - can serve as a proxy for orexin system activity and predicts fear extinction deficits in rodents. Building upon this basic research, the goal for the proposed study is to validate CO2 reactivity as a biomarker of exposure-based therapy non-response.
Methods: We will assess CO2 reactivity in 600 adults meeting criteria for one or more fear- or anxiety-related disorders prior to providing open exposure-based therapy. By incorporating CO2 reactivity into a multivariate model predicting treatment non-response that also includes reactivity to hyperventilation as well as a number of related predictor variables, we will establish the mechanistic specificity and the additive predictive utility of the potential CO2 reactivity biomarker. By developing models independently within two study sites (University of Texas at Austin and Boston University) and predicting the other site’s data, we will validate that the results are likely to generalize to future clinical samples.
Discussion: Representing a necessary stage in translating basic research, this investigation addresses an important public health issue by testing an accessible clinical assessment strategy that may lead to a more effective treatment selection (personalized medicine) for patients with anxiety- and fear-related disorders, and enhanced understanding of the mechanisms governing exposure-based therapy.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05467683
On-chip highly efficient octave-spanning long-wavelength mid-infrared optical parametric generation with a 74% quantum efficiency
Authors: Ho Bo , Yang Xuemei , Wu Jiangen , Lu Siyi , Yang Hang , Long Zhe , He Linzhen , Tian Kan , Wang Weizhe , Li Yang , Wu Han , Li Wenlong , Yang Huan , Wang Qi Jie , Liang Houkun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The realization of integrated broadband mid-infrared (MIR) lasers has enormous impacts in promoting MIR spectroscopy for various important applications. On-chip MIR supercontinuum and frequency combs have been demonstrated based on cubic nonlinearities, but unfortunately third-order nonlinear conversions inherently have low efficiencies. Here, we propose and demonstrate for the first time a χ(2) parametric integrated device based on birefringence phase matching with a high quantum efficiency and low pump threshold. In a ZnGeP2-based integrated waveguide, an octave-spanning spectrum covering 5 - 11 μm is generated through optical parametric generation. A quantum conversion efficiency of 74% as a new record in MIR parametric processes is achieved. The threshold energy is found to be as low as ~616 pJ, reduced by more than 1-order of magnitude as compared to the state-of-the-art MIR parametric conversions. Moreover, a universal and cost-effective fabrication technique for integrated nonlinear photonics is demonstrated extendable to various other χ(2) crystals.
Diversity of Culture dependent endophytic bacteria isolated from leguminous agroforestry trees in western Kenya
Authors: Emitaro william omuketi , Kawaka Fanuel , Musyimi David , Adienge Asenath 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plants have diverse and vast niches colonized by endophytic microorganisms that promote the well being of host plant. These microbes inhabit internal plant tissues with no signs of ill health. Bacterial endophytes from many plants have been isolated and characterized due to their beneficial roles however their diversity in leguminous plants still remain unexploited. Diversity of bacterial endophytes isolated from L. diversifolia, S. sesban and C. Salothyrsus were assessed using morphological and molecular characteristics. A total of 27 pure isolates were recovered from C. Calothyrsus, L. diversifolia and S. sesban constituting 44.4%, 31.8% and 23.8% from the leaves, stems and roots respectively. The isolates differentiated into Gram positive and negative with rods and spherical shapes. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed 10 closely related bacterial genera that consisted of Bacilli (33.3%), Staphylococcus (22.2%), Alcaligens (11.2%), Xanthomonas and Sphingomonas (47.4 %). Others included Enterobacteria, Pantoea, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Bacterium. These results indicate the presence of high diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with the different parts of L. diversifolia, S. sesban and C. salothyrsus growing in western Kenya.
Observation of many-body Fock space dynamics in two dimensions
Authors: Yao Yunyan , Xiang Liang , Guo Zexian , Bao Zehang , Yang Yong-Feng , Song Zixuan , Shi Haohai , Zhu Xuhao , Jin Feitong , Chen Jiachen , Xu Shibo , Zhu Zitian , Shen Fanhao , Wang Ning , Zhang Chuanyu , Wu Yaozu , Zou Yiren , Zhang Pengfei , Li Hekang , Song Chao , Wang Zhen , Cheng Chen , Mondaini Rubem , Wang Haohua , You Jian-Qiang , Zhu Shiyao , Ying Lei , Guo Qiujiang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Quantum many-body simulation provides a straightforward way to understand fundamental physics and connect with quantum information applications. However, suffering from exponentially growing Hilbert space size, characterization in terms of few-body probes in real space is often insufficient to tackle challenging problems such as quantum critical behavior and many-body localization (MBL) in higher dimensions. Here, we experimentally employ a new paradigm on a superconducting quantum processor, exploring such elusive questions from a Fock space view: mapping the many-body system onto an unconventional Anderson model on a complex Fock space network of many-body states. By observing the wave packet propagating in Fock space and the emergence of a statistical ergodic ensemble, we reveal a fresh picture for characterizing representative many-body dynamics: thermalization, localization, and scarring. In addition, we observe a quantum critical regime of anomalously enhanced wave packet width and deduce a critical point from the maximum wave packet fluctuations, which lend support for the two-dimensional MBL transition in finite-sized systems. Our work unveils a new perspective of exploring many-body physics in Fock space, demonstrating its practical applications on contentious MBL aspects such as criticality and dimensionality. Moreover, the entire protocol is universal and scalable, paving the way to finally solve a broader range of controversial many-body problems on future larger quantum devices.
Reducing medication errors by adopting automatic dispensing cabinets in critical care units
Authors: Tu Hui-Ning , Shan Tzu-Hao , Wu Yu-Chin , Shen Pei-Hsuan , Wu Tsung-Yu , Lin Wen-Liang , Yang Yea-Huei Kao , Cheng Ching-Lan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The benefits of automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs) need to be assessed, given the different healthcare practice models. This study aimed to compare the rates of medication errors, including prescription, dispensing, and administrative, before and after using ADCs in intensive care units.
Methods The prescription, dispensing, and administrative error data before and after the adoption of ADCs were retrospectively collected from the medication error report system. The severity of medication errors was classified according to the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention guidelines. The study outcome was the rate of medication errors. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed to estimate the rates of medication errors before and after the adoption of ADCs, and Fisher’s exact test was to compare them.
Results After the adoption of ADCs in the intensive care units, the rates of prescription and dispensing errors reduced from 3.03 to 1.75 per 100,000 prescriptions and 3.87 to 0 per 100,000 dispensations, respectively. The administrative error rate decreased from 0.046% to 0.026%. The ADCs decreased National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention category B and D errors by 75% and category C errors by 43%.
Conclusions To improve medication safety, multidisciplinary collaboration and strategies, such as the use of automated dispensing cabinets, education, and training programs from a systems perspective, are warranted.
Management of Complex Pulmonary Vein Stenosis at Altitude Combining Comprehensive Percutaneous Interventional Treatment with Sirolimus, Pulmonary Hypertension Medications and Intraluminal Imaging with Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Shorofsky Michael J. , Morgan Gareth J. , Mejia Ernesto , Rodriguez Salvador A , Greene Megan , Sheaks Paige , Zablah Jenny E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a growing problem for the pediatric congenital heart population. Sirolimus has previously been shown to improve survival and slow down the progression of in-stent stenosis in patients with PVS. We evaluated patients before and after initiation of sirolimus to evaluate its effects on re-intervention and vessel patency utilizing Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).
Methods:
We performed a retrospective study, reviewing the charts of patients with PVS, who had been prescribed sirolimus between October 2020 and December 2021. OCT was performed in the pulmonary vein of interest as per our published protocol. Angiographic and OCT imaging was retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square and Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre-and post-sirolimus data.
Results:
Ten patients had been started and followed on sirolimus. Median age at sirolimus initiation was 25 months with median weight of 10.6kg and average follow-up of 1 year. Median total catheterizations were 7 for patients prior to starting sirolimus and 2 after starting treatment (p = 0.014). Comparing pre- and post-sirolimus, patients were catheterized every 3-months vs every 11-months (p = 0.011), median procedure time was 203min vs 145min (p = 0.036) and fluoroscopy time, 80min vs 57.2min (p = 0.036). 23 veins had severe in-stent tissue ingrowth prior to SST (luminal diameter < 30% of stent diameter). Post-sirolimus, 23 pulmonary veins had moderate to severe in-stent tissue ingrowth that responded to non-compliant balloon inflation only with stent luminal improvement of > 75%.
Conclusion:
Our study suggests that the addition of sirolimus in patients with moderate-severe PVS helps to decrease disease progression with decrease frequency of interventions. Reaching therapeutic levels for sirolimus is critical and medication interactions and side-effects need careful consideration. OCT continues to be important for evaluation and treatment guidance in this patient population.
Effects of iron on the biomass, chlorophyll a, total lipids, and fatty acids of Chaetoceros lorenzianus
Authors: Zhang Zuhao , Peng Ruibing , Xia Xinyi , Liu Pingping , Chen Si , Xia Ran , Jiang Xiamin , Jiang Maowang , Lin Jianyuan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are essential for the health of aquatic organisms and human beings. In order to optimize the culture conditions of Chaetoceros lorenzianus, effects of different iron sources (FeC6H5O7, FeCl3, FeSO4) and different iron concentrations (0.10 mg L− 1, 0.25 mg L− 1, 0.50 mg L− 1, 0.75 mg L− 1, 1.00 mg L− 1, 1.25mg L− 1) on C. lorenzianus were studied. The results showed that different iron sources and different iron concentrations had significant effects on the biomass, chlorophyll A, total lipid and fatty acids of C. lorenzianus (P < 0.05). Compared with FeSO4 and FeC6H5O7, FeCl3 had better effects on the growth, chlorophyll a, total lipids, and n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) content of C. lorenzianus. The optimum concentration of FeCl3 for the growth and synthesis of chlorophyll a in C. lorenzianus was 0.75–1 mg L− 1, and the optimum concentration for lipid accumulation was 0.25 mg L− 1. The secondary culture method can be used in large-scale culture, that is, the initial culture is performed under the optimal iron concentration (0.75mg L− 1 FeCl3) for obtaining higher biomass, and then, the subsequent culture is performed under a low iron concentration(0.25 mg L− 1 FeCl3) to accumulate higher total lipids.
Rapid Genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 Strains Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.12.1, and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 Using ARMS- PCR and Molecular Beacon Technology
Authors: Fu Yu , He Xiaobai , Fang Quan , Kong Fei , Zhang Yan , Chen Liang , Liu YanXin , Chen Linjie , Lyu Jianxin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
SARS-CoV-2 subtypes Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.12.1, and Omicron BA.4/BA.5 have significant differences in transmission and immune escape ability. Currently, no effective detection methods are available for these subtypes. Routine detection methods are prone to missed detection.
Methods
In this study, a rapid detection method based on ARMS-PCR and molecular beacon probes was developed for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 subtypes Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.12.1, and Omicron BA.4/5. Specific primers and probes were designed and validated using gel electrophoresis, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and molecular hybridization.
Results
ARMS-PCR and molecular beacon probe-based assays can be applied in RT-PCR and fluorescence assays to differentiate SARS-CoV-2 subtypes Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.12.1, and Omicron BA.4/5.
Conclusions
In the present study, we developed a simple, rapid and accurate detection method based on ARMS-PCR and molecular beacon probes for rapid genotyping of SARS-CoV-2 subtypes Alpha, Delta, Omicron BA.1, Omicron BA.2, Omicron BA.2.12.1, and Omicron BA.4/5. It can be used in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and molecular hybridization to identify subtypes of COVID-19, effectively improving the detection rate to provide guidance for disease prevention and treatment.
Conductive Smart Nanocomposite Polymeric Materials for Structural Health Monitoring and Motion Detection
Authors: Sanchez-Sobrado Olalla , Rosario Daniel , Losada Ricardo , Rodriguez Elena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Abstract:

Presented work collects results from evaluation of different polymeric based composite materials for applications in Structural Health Monitoring and Strain Detection. With the aim of showing the variety of key materials in sectors like civil aviation, wind energy, automotive or railway that present this ability, specimens of very different nature have analyzed: a) thermoplastic commercial 3D printing filaments loaded with carbonic nanofillers; b) epoxy resin loaded with graphene and c) long carbon fiber reinforced resin composite. Measurements of electrical properties of resulting materials were taken to evaluate capability to detect the presence and the size of a structural defect as well as its spatial location. On the other hand, simultaneous measurements of electrical resistivity and mechanical strain during tensile tests were performed to analyze the behavior of materials as strain detectors. All composites studied have shown a positive response (modification of electrical performance) to external mechanical stimulus: induced damage and deformations.
Learning from Other Communities: Organising Collective Action in a Grassroots Food-sharing Initiative
Authors: Berns Katie , Rossitto Chiara , Tholander Jakob 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper illustrates the work of creating, infrastructuring, and organising a food-sharing community from the ground up. Drawing on Participatory Action Research (PAR) and long-term engagement with FoodSharing Stockholm, the paper shows how the processes of starting up a grassroots initiative are shaped by participants’ direct experience and knowledge of other related initiatives. The analysis draws attention to: (1) how central activities such as recruiting volunteers, choosing digital tools, and establishing partnerships with food donors are conceived and organised, (2) the concrete challenges of sharing surplus food, such as adopting a distribution model and negotiating fairness, and (3) how governance and decision-making models are adopted and (re)negotiated over time. The paper shows the impact that previous experiences can have on communities' efforts get up and running and re-orients design visions towards the appropriation of existing sociotechnical practices, rather than digital innovations. The paper continues the cycle of learning by contributing practical guidelines to build, sustain, and infrastructure surplus food-sharing initiatives where configuring capacities, configuring sociotechnical practices, and configuring participation, are discussed as central matters.
Toward a stable and low-resource PLM-based medical diagnostic system via prompt tuning and MoE structure
Authors: Dong Bowen , Wang Zhuo , Li Zhenyu , Duan Zhichao , Xu Jiacheng , Pan Tengyu , Zhang Rui , Liu Ning , Li Xiuxing , Wang Jie , Liu Caiyan , Dong Liling , Mao Chenhui , Gao Jing , Wang Jianyong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Machine learning (ML) has been extensively involved in assistant disease diagnosis and prediction systems to emancipate the serious dependence on medical resources and improve healthcare quality. Moreover, with the booming of pre-training language models (PLMs), the application prospect and promotion potential of machine learning methods in the relevant field have been further inspired. PLMs have recently achieved tremendous success in diverse text processing tasks, whereas limited by the significant semantic gap between the pre-training corpus and the structured electronic health records (EHRs), PLMs cannot converge to anticipated disease diagnosis and prediction results. Unfortunately, establishing connections between PLMs and EHRs typically requires the extraction of curated predictor variables from structured EHR resources, which is tedious and labor-intensive, and even discards vast implicit information. In this work, we propose an Input Prompting and Discriminative language model with the Mixture-of-experts framework (IPDM) by promoting the model's capabilities to learn knowledge from heterogeneous information and facilitating the feature-aware ability of the model. Furthermore, leveraging the prompt-tuning mechanism, IPDM can inherit the impacts of the pre-training in downstream tasks exclusively through minor modifications. IPDM remarkably outperforms existing models, proved by experiments on one disease diagnosis task and two disease prediction tasks. Finally, experiments with few-feature and few-sample demonstrate that IPDM achieves significant stability and impressive performance in predicting chronic diseases with unclear early-onset characteristics or sudden diseases with insufficient data, which verifies the superiority of IPDM over existing mainstream methods, and reveals the IPDM can powerfully address the aforementioned challenges via establishing a stable and low-resource medical diagnostic system for various clinical scenarios.
Does sexuality matter? A cross-sectional study of drug use, social injecting, and access to injection-specific care among men who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Schroeder Sophia Elvira , Wilkinson Anna , O'Keefe Daniel , Bourne Adam , Doyle Joseph , Hellard Margaret , Pedrana Alisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are overrepresented in cohorts of people who inject drugs. GBMSM’s substance use is usually explored in the context of its contribution to sexual risk. We examined drug use practices, connectedness to other people who inject drugs, peer-to-peer injecting, and access to care among men who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia. We aim to describe similarities and differences in these parameters for GBMSM and other men.
Methods:
Data were drawn from a prospective cohort study of people who inject drugs conducted in Melbourne, Australia since 2009. This cross-sectional study used data collected between 2016 and 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to assess differences between GBMSM and other men.
Results:
Of 525 men who injected drugs over the study period, 48 (9%) identified as gay or bisexual, or reported sex with other men in the past 12 months. GBMSM and other men reported similar socio-demographics, drug practices (age of injecting initiation, most injected drug, peer-to-peer injecting, receptive syringe sharing) and access to injecting-specific care (drug treatment, source of needle-syringes). A significantly greater percentage of GBMSM reported preferring methamphetamine (31% vs 16%, p=0.022). Higher proportions of GBMSM reported knowing >50 other people who inject drugs (46% vs 37%) and accessing drug treatment over the reporting period (81% vs 71%), but these differences were not statistically significant. Both groups primarily obtained injecting equipment from needle-syringe programs; a minority had accessed injecting-specific primary care.
Conclusion:
Men who injected drugs in this cohort and those who identified as GBMSM reported similar drug and health-seeking practices. The higher prevalence of methamphetamine injecting among GBMSM may warrant different harm reduction support for this group. Health promotion should utilise opportunities to connect men who inject drugs in Melbourne to injecting-specific primary healthcare.