bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Back-to-back azimuthal correlations in $$\mathrm {Z} +$$jet events at high transverse momentum in the TMD parton branching method at next-to-leading order
Authors: Yang H. , Bermudez Martinez A. , Estevez Banos L. I. , Hautmann F. , Jung H. , Mendizabal M. , Moral Figueroa K. , Prestel S. , Taheri Monfared S. , van Kampen A. M. , Wang Q. , Wichmann K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAzimuthal correlations in $$\mathrm {Z} +$$

Z
+

jet production at large transverse momenta are computed by matching Parton-Branching (PB) TMD parton distributions and showers with NLO calculations via MCatNLO. The predictions are compared with those for dijet production in the same kinematic range. The azimuthal correlations $$\Delta \phi $$

Δ
ϕ

between the Z boson and the leading jet are steeper compared to those in dijet production at transverse momenta $$\mathcal{O}(100)$$

O
(
100
)

GeV , while they become similar for very high transverse momenta $${{\mathcal {O}}}(1000)$$

O
(
1000
)

GeV . The different patterns of $$\mathrm {Z} +$$

Z
+

jet and dijet azimuthal correlations can be used to search for potential factorization-breaking effects in the back-to-back region, which depend on the different color and spin structure of the final states and their interferences with the initial states. In order to investigate these effects experimentally, we propose to measure the ratio of the distributions in $$\Delta \phi $$

Δ
ϕ

for $$\mathrm {Z} +$$

Z
+

jet- and multijet production at low and at high transverse momenta, and compare the results to predictions obtained assuming factorization. We examine the role of theoretical uncertainties by performing variations of the factorization scale, renormalization scale and matching scale. In particular, we present a comparative study of matching scale uncertainties in the cases of PB-TMD and collinear parton showers.
Non-Gaussianity and secondary gravitational waves from primordial black holes production in $$\alpha $$-attractor inflation
Authors: Rezazadeh Kazem , Teimoori Zeinab , Karimi Saeid , Karami Kayoomars 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the non-Gaussianity and secondary Gravitational Waves (GWs) in the process of the Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) production from inflation. In our work, we focus on the $$\alpha $$
α
-attractor inflation model in which a tiny bump in the inflaton potential enhances the amplitude of the curvature perturbations at some scales and consequently leads to the PBHs production with different mass scales. We implement the computational code BINGO which calculates the non-Gaussianity parameter in different triangle configurations. Our examination implies that in this setup, the non-Gaussianity gets amplified significantly in the equilateral shape around the scales in which the power spectrum of the scalar perturbations undergoes a sharp declination. The imprints of these non-Gaussianities can be probed in the scales corresponding to the BBN and $$\mu $$
μ
-distortion events, or in smaller scales, and detection of such signatures in the future observations may confirm the idea of our model for the generation of PBHs or rule it out. Moreover, we investigate the secondary GWs in this framework and show that in our model, the peak of the present fractional energy density is obtained as $$\Omega _{\mathrm{GW0}} \sim 10^{-8}$$

Ω

GW
0

∼

10

-
8

at different frequencies which depends on the model parameters. These results lie well within the sensitivity region of some GWs detectors at some frequencies, and therefore the observational compatibility of our model can be evaluated by the forthcoming data from these detectors. We further provide some estimations for the tilts of the induced GWs spectrum in the different intervals of frequency, and demonstrate that the spectrum obeys the power-law relation $$\Omega _{\mathrm{GW0}}\sim f^{n}$$

Ω

GW
0

∼

f
n

in those frequency bands.
Analysis on Effects of Laparoscopic Total Hysterectomy Combined with High Hysterosacral Ligament Suspension in the Treatment for Uterine Prolapse
Authors: Qiu Bing , Wang Aili , Chen Yanxin , Wang Zhijun 
Published: August 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of laparoscopic total hysterectomy combined with high hysterosacral ligament suspension on the treatment for uterine prolapse. Methods. A total of 100 patients with uterine prolapse treated in our two hospitals from January 2019 to December 2021 were included in this study, which were divided into two groups through the number double-blind method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with transvaginal total hysterectomy, and the research group was treated with laparoscopic total hysterectomy combined with high hysterosacral ligament suspension. The surgical effect on patients was evaluated through the pelvic organ prolapse quantification method (POP-Q). The patients’ adverse reactions were compared. The quality of sexual life was evaluated with the short form of the pelvic organ prolapse/urinary incontinence sexual questionnaire (PISQ-31). And, the patients’ quality of life was also evaluated with the pelvic floor distress inventory-short form 20 (PFDl-20). Results. The surgical effect on the control group and the research group was 80.00% and 96.00%, respectively, with statistical significance (X2 = 6.601,

P
<
0.001

). The incidences of adverse reactions of the two groups were 4.00% and 6.00%, respectively, which were comparable (X2 = 0.211,

P
=

0.646

). The total PISQ-31 scores before surgery of the control group (97.07 ± 9.80) and the research group (97.02 ± 9.80) were comparable (t = 0.020,

P
=
0.984

), and those after surgery were 112.55 ± 13.78 in the control group and 130.80 ± 17.42 in the research group, respectively, with statistical significance (t = 4.500,

P
<
0.001

). And, the total PFDl-20 scores before surgery of the control group (72.50 ± 13.58) and the research group (72.50 ± 13.60) were comparable (t = 0.057,

P
=
0.098

), and that after surgery were 56.10 ± 10.51 in the control group and 42.30 ± 8.05 in the research group, respectively, with statistical significance (t = 5.709,

P
<
0.001

). Conclusion. Laparoscopic total hysterectomy combined with high hysterosacral ligament suspension has an ideal effect in patients with uterine prolapse, with few adverse reactions, effectively promoting the improvement of the quality of patients’ sexual life and their life. This combination has the significance of active promotion in the clinic.
Erring on the Side of Indigenous peoples
Authors: Ojeda-Zavala Nicolas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The recognition of indigenous peoples’ right to participate in decision-making is one of the most important developments in international law, enabling them to use their knowledge and influence the adoption of measures that could affect them. However, due to a narrow approach to indigenous participation, states often disregard this knowledge, thus moving forward without having full certainty about potential effects on indigenous peoples’ environment and livelihood. In this context, there is a role for the precautionary principle, by which states must avoid the materialisation of non-negligible harm in situations of scientific uncertainty. Yet, this principle has been shaped by a conventional understanding of ‘science’, inadequate to deal with these risks and uncertainties involving socio-cultural aspects beyond conventional sciences. Considering this, I argue that the adoption of effective precautionary measures requires relying on another relevant form of knowledge, traditional knowledge, expanding this notion of ‘science’ and strengthening indigenous peoples’ participatory rights.
Revisiting Diagrams of Ice Growth Environments
Authors: Hueholt Daniel M. , Yuter Sandra E. , Miller Matthew A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ice habit diagrams published prior to 2009—and many since—do not accurately describe in situ observations of ice shapes as a function of temperature and moisture. Laboratory studies and analysis of field observations by Bailey and Hallett in a series of papers in 2002, 2004, and 2009 corrected several errors from earlier studies, but their work has not been widely disseminated. We present a new, simplified diagram based on Bailey and Hallett’s work that focuses on several ice growth forms arising from the underlying surface processes by which mass is added to a crystal: tabular, columnar, branched, side branched, two types of polycrystalline forms, and a multiple growth regime at low ice supersaturations. To aid interpretation for a variety of applications, versions of the ice growth diagram are presented in terms of relative humidity with respect to water as well as the traditional formats of relative humidity with respect to ice and vapor density excess. These diagrams are intended to be understandable and useful in classroom settings at the sophomore undergraduate level and above. The myriad shapes of pristine snow crystals can be described as the result of either a single growth form or a sequence of growth forms. Overlays of data from upper-air soundings on the ice growth diagrams aid interpretation of expected physical properties and processes in conditions of ice growth.
Different ENSO Teleconnections over East Asia in Early and Late Winter: Role of Precipitation Anomalies in the Tropical Indian Ocean and Far Western Pacific
Authors: Ma Tianjiao , Chen Wen , Chen Shangfeng , Garfinkel Chaim I. , Ding Shuoyi , Song Lei , Li Zhibo , Tang Yulian , Huangfu Jingliang , Gong Hainan , Zhao Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to better understand the ENSO impacts on climate anomalies over East Asia in early winter (November–December) and late winter (January–February). In particular, the possible mechanisms during early winter are investigated. The results show that ENSO is associated with a Rossby wave train emanating from the tropical Indian Ocean toward East Asia (denoted as tIO-EA) in early winter. This tIO-EA wave train in El Niño (La Niña) is closely related to a weakening (strengthening) of the East Asian trough, and thereby a weakened (strengthened) East Asian winter monsoon and warm (cold) temperature anomalies over northeastern China and Japan. By using partial regression analysis and numerical experiments, we identify that the formation of tIO-EA wave train is closely related to precipitation anomalies in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific (denoted as eIO/wP). In addition, the ENSO-induced North Atlantic anomalies may also contribute to formation of the tIO-EA wave train in conjunction with the eIO/wP precipitation. The response of eIO/wP precipitation to ENSO is stronger in early winter than in late winter. This can be attributed to the stronger anomalous Walker circulation over the Indian Ocean, which in turn is caused by higher climatological SST and stronger mean precipitation state in the Indian Ocean during early winter.
Time Series Construction of Oregon and Washington Snowfall since 1890 and an Update of California Snowfall through 2020
Authors: Christy John R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Time series of snowfall observations from over 500 stations in Oregon (OR) and Washington (WA) were generated for subregions of these states. Data problems encountered were as follows: 1) monthly totals in printed reports prior to 1940 that were not in the digital archive, 2) archived data listed as “missing” that were available, 3) digitized reports after 2010 eliminated good data, and 4) “zero” totals incorrectly entered in the official archive rather than “missing,” especially after 1980. Though addressing these was done, there is reduced confidence that some regional time series are representative of true long-term trends, especially for regions with few systematically reporting stations. For most regions characterized by consistent monitoring and with the most robust statistical reproducibility, we find no statistically significant trends in their periods of record (up to 131 years) for November–April seasonal totals through April 2020. This result includes the main snowfall regions of the Cascade Range. However, snowfall in some lower-elevation areas of OR and WA appear to have experienced declining trends, consistent with an increase in northeastern Pacific Ocean temperatures. Finally, previously constructed time series through April 2011 for regions in California are updated through April 2020 to include the recent, exceptionally low seasonal totals on the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada. This update indicates 2014/15 was the record lowest, 2013/14 was the 5th lowest, and 2012/13 was the 14th lowest of 142 years. Even so, the 1879–2020 linear trend in this key watershed region, though −2.6% decade−1, was not significantly different from zero due to high interannual variability and reconstruction uncertainty.
Diabatic Transformations along the Global Routes of the Middepth Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Rousselet Louise , Cessi Paola 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The diabatic transformations of the middepth meridional overturning circulation (MOC) as it exits and reenters the South Atlantic to close the AMOC are studied using a state estimate assimilating data into a dynamically consistent ocean model. Virtual Lagrangian parcels in the lower branch of the MOC are followed in their global tour as they return to the upper branch of the MOC. Three return pathways are identified. The first pathway enters the abyssal Indo-Pacific as Circumpolar Deep Water, directly from the northern Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), and before sampling the Antarctic margin. The second pathway sinks to abyssal densities exclusively in the Southern Ocean, then upwells while circulating within the ACC and eventually enters the Indo-Pacific or Atlantic at mid- to upper depths. The third pathway never reaches densities in the abyssal range. Parcels sinking in the Antarctic Bottom Water range upwell to mid- to upper depths south of 55°S. Parcels in all three pathways experience additional diabatic transformations after upwelling in the Southern Ocean, with more diabatic changes north of about 30°S than elsewhere. Diabatic changes are predominantly in the mixed layer of the tropical and subpolar gyres, enabled by Ekman suction. A simple model of the wind-driven flow illustrates that parcels always reach the surface in the tropical and subpolar gyres, regardless of their initial condition, because of coupling among gyres, the Ekman transport, and its return.
An Experimental 1-km Warn-on-Forecast System for Hazardous Weather Events
Authors: Wang Yaping , Yussouf Nusrat , Kerr Christopher A. , Stratman Derek R. , Matilla Brian C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
An experimental Warn-on-Forecast System (WoFS) ensemble data assimilation (DA) and prediction system at 1-km grid spacing is developed and tested using two landfalling tropical cyclone (TC) events, one springtime severe thunderstorm event, and one summertime flash flood event. To evaluate the impact of DA at 1-km grid spacing, two experiments are conducted. One experiment, namely, the WoFS-1km, generates 3-h ensemble forecasts from the 1-km WoFS analyses while another experiment, namely, the Downscaled-1km, generates 3-h ensemble forecasts from downscaled 3-km analyses. With 1-km DA, the two landfalling TC events and the summertime event show some improvement in predicting high reflectivity, while the springtime event performs worse. Meanwhile, WoFS-1km is slightly better at predicting heavier precipitation (>20 mm h−1) with lower bias. However, heavy precipitation spatial placement error is only mitigated in one TC event and the summertime event with 1-km DA but is neutral or worse in the other two events. Object-based verification for rotation objects indicates that WoFS-1km performs better in one of the TC events, but worse in the springtime event with lower probability of detection and higher false alarm ratio due to fewer strong rotation objects being generated. The forecast skill of WoFS-1km for the springtime event is degraded mainly because the convective cores do not sufficiently develop as the forecast advances. The conditional benefits from 1-km DA in this study highlights the need for evaluation of a larger sample of convective storm cases and further development of the system.
Bioinformatics analysis on differentially expressed genes between colorectal adenoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Ning , Luo Hongbiao , Peng Tianshu , Zhang Tao , Li Menglei , Deng Yu , He Yongheng 
Published: August 2022

Background Colorectal adenoma (CRA) is the main cause of the progression of Colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Therefore, it is very important to accurately reveal its developmental mechanism. Methods Differential expression genes (DEGs) in three microarray datasets were screened using GEO and GEO2R. R packages were used for gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) path enrichment analysis. Hub genes screened by STRING, Cytoscape and CytoHubba were used. R was used for DEGs of hub genes, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2) database was used for prognostic Analysis. R-packet were used to analyze tumor pathology, tumour, lymph-nodes, and metastases (TNM) staging, enrichment, immune invasion and prognosis. Results Among the 66 genes, including 36 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated genes. Survival analysis showed that COL1A1, COL5A2, COL5A1 and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) were associated with disease-free survival in patients. The four genes were related to tumor pathological stage, TNM stage and immune invasion. COL1A1 and COL5A2 were highly expressed in chromatin modification and cellular senescence. Low expression of COL5A1 and SPARC was significantly enriched in neutrophil degranulation and Wp VegfavegFR2 signaling pathways. Conclusions Obviously, these four key genes can serve as important targets for early diagnosis, treatment, immunity and prognosis of CRA to COAD.
Pulse pressure within the first 2 days of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is predictive of death prior to hospital discharge, renal dysfunction requiring dialysis and pulmonary oedema
Authors: Siriwardena Maithri , Breeding Jeff , Gopalakrishnan Mani , Jansz Paul , Granger Emily K , Jackson Andrew , MacDonald Peter S , Lowe David , Buscher Hergen , Nair Priya 
Published: August 2022

Background Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) flows are titrated to achieve adequate perfusion while attempting to ideally maintain arterial pulse pressure (PP). We assessed risk in patients with low PP defined as <10 mmHg within the first 2 days of support. Methods Demographics, haemodynamics, echocardiographic and radiological findings were recorded retrospectively in cases conducted between 2014 and 2016. Outcomes were hospital mortality, requirement for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and severe pulmonary oedema (PO). Results Of 101 patients, 66.3% were male, mean age was 56 (range 18–71 years), mean duration of support was 6.3 days ± 4.1 days, 37.6% died prior to hospital discharge, 39.6% needed RRT and 11.9% had severe PO. Areas under the receiver operating curves of PP at 48 h for hospital mortality, RRT and severe PO were (respectively): 0.69 (95% CI 0.58–0.80, p = .001), 0.64 (95% CI 0.50–0.77, p = .044), 0.69 (95% CI 0.55–0.82, p = .009). The odds ratio for mortality, RRT, severe PO for those with low PP were (respectively) 2.8 (95% CI 1.01–7.5, p = .04), 3.1 (95% CI 1.11–8.40, p = .026), 7.6 (95% CI 2.06–27.89, p = .001). Central venous pressure, mean arterial pressure were not predictive. Conclusion PP during the first 2 days of support is predictive of clinically important outcomes in patients supported with VA-ECMO.
Circuit haemodynamics during non-citrate and regional citrate continuous renal replacement, and impact of blood flow on filter life
Authors: Sansom Benjamin , Udy Andrew , Sriram Shyamala , Presneill Jeffrey , Bellomo Rinaldo 
Published: August 2022

Background: During continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA), blood flow (Qb) might affect vascular access dysfunction (AD) and, thereby, circuit life. Methods: Circuit life and circuit haemodynamics were studied in three intensive care units (ICUs) by analysing hemofilter device data (Prismaflex®, Baxter, Chicago, IL). The three sites shared similar RCA protocols but differed in Qb (120–130 vs 150–200 mL/h). Non-RCA circuits were compared with RCA circuits in which the impact of Qb was also assessed. Results: About 3,981,906 min of circuit pressures were analysed in 2568 circuits in 567 patients. High-Qb RCA was associated with more extreme pressures, and greater AD (IRR 3.7 (1.93–7.08) as well as reduced filter life 21.1 (10.2–42.6) vs 27.0 (14.8–41.6) h). AD in high-Qb RCA circuits was associated with a 49% reduction in filter life, versus 24% reduction in low-Qb RCA, associated with a rise in the rate of increase in transfilter pressure. Conclusions: High-Qb RCA-CRRT was associated with greater access dysfunction, earlier filter loss and increased haemodynamic impacts of access dysfunction, suggesting low-Qb RCA-CRRT may improve circuit mechanics, function and longevity.
Feasibility of population-based screening of sickle cell disease through the primary health care system in tribal areas of India
Authors: Babu Bontha V. , Sharma Yogita , Sridevi Parikipandla , Surti Shaily B. , Ranjit Manoranjan , Bhat Deepa , Sarmah Jatin , Sudhakar Godi 
Published: August 2022

Objective To describe the development and implementation of a population-based screening programme for sickle cell disease (SCD) implemented in 12 SCD-endemic and tribal-dominated primary/community health centres (PHCs/CHCs) across six districts of India. Setting India reports a huge burden of SCD, especially among indigenous (tribal) communities. However, there is no state-led SCD programme in many places, and systematic screening is absent. This situation necessitates developing a model of population screening. Methods This programme was meant to screen all people and was carried out in three tiers. The first tier was a symptomatic survey carried out by community health workers. Regular health workers then screened those referred by sickle cell solubility test at sub-health centres as the second tier. The third tier was confirmation by haemoglobin electrophoresis at PHCs/CHCs. Communities were mobilised and prepared to accept the screening. Capacity building of health facilities was ensured through training and supply of equipment and material. Results Initial observation based on six months’ data revealed that out of the 110,754 tribal population of 12 PHCs/CHCs, 8418 (7.6%) were identified in the symptomatic survey. Subsequently, 9416 people, including the above 8418, underwent the solubility test, and 2607 (27.7%) were found to be positive. Of these, 1978 (78.9%) underwent electrophoresis. About 64.2% were found to be positive for sickle haemoglobin (233 (18.4%) SCD and 1036 (81.6%) SCD trait). Conclusions The study demonstrates the feasibility of establishing a population-based screening programme in the primary health care system. It is easy to implement in tribal habitations as part of the proposed national SCD/haemoglobinopathies programme.