bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a 6-week Cycle of Nordic Walking Training on Vitamin 25(OH)D3 Calcium-phosphate Metabolism and Muscle Damage in Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Czerwińska-Ledwig Olga , Vesole David H , Pilch Wanda , Gradek Joanna , Jurczyszyn Artur 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy affecting older adults (median age 70 years). One of the most common myeloma defining events is the development of symptomatic lytic bone disease which leads to fractures and immobilization. It is caused by disturbances in bone metabolism affecting calcium-phosphate balance. Treatment of the bone disease and the underlying malignancy results in disease and symptom control.Objectives: In this study, the impact of a 6-week Nordic walking (NW) exercise program on blood parameters related to calcium-phosphate metabolism and damage of skeletal muscles was assessed. Patients and methods: 28 subjects with MM in remission stage, without cytostatic treatment were enrolled and completed the study: 15 in the training group (NW) and 13 in control group (CG). All patients were supplemented with vitamin D3, calcium carbonate daily and received zoledronic acid every 4 weeks. Two venous blood samples were drawn – before and after the 6 weeks of training sessions – to assess the serum concentrations of vitamin 25(OH)D3, inorganic phosphorus, total calcium, myoglobin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).Results: Patients from the NW group showed a statistically significant decrease in mean serum myoglobin concentration (p=0.018) and increase in 25(OH)D3 (p<0.001) and total Ca (p=0.001) concentrations. In the NW group, there was a correlation between the changes in myoglobin, phosphorus, 25(OH)D3 and Ca concentrations after 6 weeks.Conclusions: NW training is a safe and beneficial form of physical exercise for patients with MM without inducing muscle damage. NW performed outside during Spring-Summer season improves serum vitamin 25(OH)D3 concentration.
Multifrequency controlled synchronization of four inductor motors by the fixed
frequency ratio method in a vibration system
Authors: Jia Lei , Liu Ziliang , Wang Chun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article illustrates the phenomenon that multifrequency self-synchronization of four induction motors in a vibration system can’t be realized and addresses this problem with controlled synchronization by the fixed frequency ratio method. Through establishing the dynamical model of the vibration system, the stability of the vibration system is analyzed with the small parameter method and the non-coupled feature with different frequency of inductor motors is investigated. To achieve the purpose of multifrequency controlled synchronization, a fuzzy PID controlling method is introduced and the stability of the controlling system is certified by the Lyapunov criterion. An arbitrariness of the proposed controlling method which is applied to the vibration system is presented. Some simulations are given by Matlab/Simulink. Aimed at the verification of the theoretical and numerical results, a vibrating test bench is constructed and some experiments are implemented. With the results in this article, some characteristic analyses are discussed.
The youth mental health crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of school closures
Authors: Felfe Christina , Saurer Judith , Schneider Patrick , Vornberger Judith , Klotzbuecher Valentin , Erhart Michael , Kaman Anne , Sieberer Ulrike Ravens 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The youth mental health crisis has become so acute during the COVID-19 pandemic that a coalition of U.S. pediatric health experts has declared it a national emergency1. To which extent this crisis can be attributed to the pandemic or the different pandemic measures is unknown. School closures are among the most heavily debated pandemic measures, with insufficient evidence on their costs2,3,4,5. We seek to narrow this blind spot, by compiling data on the manifold school closure and re-opening strategies implemented across the federal states of Germany at the onset of the pandemic and combining it with data from a nationwide, population-based, longitudinal survey on youth mental health and the largest crisis helpline for children and adolescents. We show that prolonged school closures led to a significant deterioration in youth health-related quality of life, precipitating first signs of mental health problems. Effects were most severe among boys, less mature adolescents, and families with limited living space. Young people also increasingly sought support from crisis helplines to discuss arising family and friendship problems. Importantly, the effects persist even when abstracting from the overall strain imposed by the pandemic or further pandemic measures. Indeed, school closures explain around two thirds of the aggravation of the youth mental health crisis throughout the first pandemic wave and there is no sign for a swift recovery.
Investigating the relationship between spiritual intelligence and post-traumatic stress syndrome in health care workers in Covide19 centers
Authors: Rezaie Somayeh , Daliri Salman , Sheibani Hossein , Aghayan Seyed Shahrokh , Fadaeaghdam Nasrin , Banar Zahra , Sayad Samaneh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In December 2019, an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus (Covid-19) started in Wuhan, China and spread rapidly around the world. Due to the fact that this pandemic, in addition to causing general health concerns in the world, has caused numerous psychological complications.Objectives: this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and the level of post-traumatic stress syndrome in Health care workers in Iran.Method: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 201 health care workers in covid19 centers in Shahroud and Miami in Semnan province. The statistical population included the personnel of different categories of the hospital and was selected by stratified sampling method. Online Demographic questionnaire, IES-R questionnaire for PTSS (POST TRAUMATIC STRESS SYNDROME) and online spiritual intelligence questionnaire were used to collect information.Results: The mean score PTSS 33.97 ± 17.57 and the three subscales of avoidance, intrusion and hyperarousal were 13.39±6.39, 10.27±6.27 and 10.04±27, respectively. Also, the mean score of spiritual intelligence was 124.90 ±16.99. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a negative relationship between spiritual intelligence and PTSS (-0.25), avoidance (-0.16), intrusion (-0.2) and hyperarousal (-0.3), and with increasing spiritual intelligence, people experienced fewer PTSS.Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of mental health disorders and the high rate of PTSS in covid19 pandemic, and considering the relationship between spiritual intelligence and the extent of PTSS symptoms. Based on the findings of this study, the use of strategies such education about spiritual intelligence can be used as a way to better adapt and reducing the complications of this crisis.
Reversed, Double-Beam Photoacoustic Spectroscopic Analysis Of Photoinduced Change In Absorption Of Cellulose Fibres
Authors: Csoka Levente , Hosakun Worakan , Kolonics Otto , Ohtani Bunsho 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Photoabsorption properties of cellulose fibres under continuous and modulated irradiation were investigated in situ by the use of reversed double-beam photoacoustic spectroscopy (RDB-PAS). This photoacoustic (PA) measurement enabled observation of ultraviolet- and visible light-induced, electron trap filling, reductive change on the surface of the fibres. Energy-resolved measurements and analysis of the kinetics of photoinduced de-excitation suggested that electrons that accumulated in the different cellulose crystalline phases had moderate reactivity toward molecular oxygen. Saturation limits of the intensities of the PA and RDB-PAS signals under de-aerated conditions in the presence of surface-adsorbed methanol were estimated for softwood and hardwood cellulose samples. The results suggest that the RDB-PAS technique is a feasible method for the estimation of the electron trap distribution, which is a potential measure of the density of crystalline cellulose defects.
Consistent daily activity patterns across tropical forest mammal communities
Authors: Vargas Andrea Vallejo , Sheil Douglas , Semper-Pascual Asunción , Beaudrot Lydia , Ahumada Jorge , Bitariho Robert , Espinosa Santiago , Estienne Vittoria , Jansen Patrick , Kayijamahe Charles , Martin Emanuel , Lima Marcela , Mugerwa Badru , Rovero Francesco , Salvador Julia , Santos Fernanda , spironello wilson , Uzabaho Eustrate , Bischof Richard 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most animals follow distinct daily activity patterns reflecting their adaptations1, requirements, and interactions2-4. Specific communities provide specific opportunities and constraints to their members that further shape these patterns3,4. Here, we ask whether community-level diel activity patterns among long-separated biogeographic regions differ or converge and whether the resulting patterns indicate top-down (predation risk) or bottom-up processes (prey availability)? We estimated the diel activity of ground-dwelling and scansorial mammals in 16 protected areas across the tropics, using an extensive network of camera traps, and examined the relationship to body mass and trophic guild. We found that mammalian guilds exhibited consistent diel activity patterns across regions, indicating similar responses to similar evolutionary and ecological opportunities and constraints. Larger herbivores tended to be more nocturnal than smaller herbivores, whereas carnivores and omnivores showed the opposite pattern. Insectivores were exceptions, revealing regional differences in which larger insectivorous species were more nocturnal than smaller ones in the Afrotropical and Indo-Malayan regions, while the pattern reversed in the Neotropics. The consistent contrast between predators and prey suggests that diel activity within these communities is primarily determined by large predators and associated risk of predation.
An Analytical Framework for Understanding Infection Progression Under Social Mitigation Measures
Authors: Ilic Bojana , Salom Igor , Djordjevic Marko , Djordjevic Magdalena 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
While there has been much computational work on the effect of intervention measures, such as vaccination or quarantine, the influence of social distancing on the epidemics' outbursts is not well understood. We present a realistic, analytically solvable, framework for COVID-19 dynamics in the presence of social distancing measures. The model is a generalization of the compartmental SEIR model that accounts for the effects of these measures. We derive a closed-form mathematical expressions for the time dependence of epidemiological observables, in particular, the detected cases and fatalities. These analytical solutions indicate simple quantitative relations between the model variables and epidemiological observables, which give insights into cause-effect connections that underlie the outburst dynamics but are obscured in more standard (numerical) approaches. While the obtained results and conclusions are based on the study of the COVID-19 pandemic, the presented analysis has general applicability to infection outbursts. Our findings are particularly important in the emergence of new pandemics when effective pharmaceutical treatments are unavailable, and one must rely on well-timed and appropriately chosen social mitigation measures.
Gravimetric weight loss of steel in Self-Compacting Concrete Blended with Wood Ash and Silica Fume
Authors: V Kannan , Natarajan Karthiga @ Shenbagam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present research work deals with the development of self-compacting concrete (SCC) containing wood ash (WA), Silica fume (SF), and their combination (1:1 ratio). Several research studies have reported on the performance of WA and SF blended SCC. However, very limited information is available in the effects of Silica di oxide (SiO2) and subsequent formation of calcium-silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H) gel and its benefit on the strength and durability enhancement of Self-compacting concrete. In this work, Wood ash (WA) and Silica fume (SF) were used as cement replacement materials, and studies were carried out on the chemical composition and its contribution in the strength development of SCC. Compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and dynamic modulus of elasticity has been increased when the cement is replaced with WA, SF and WA+SF content up to 10%, 6% and 30+8% respectively than normal SCC. Similar performance is arrived in corrosion studies in SCC blended with WA, SF and their combination. Scanning electron microscopy with EDAX analysis on WA, SF, and WA+SF blended SCC revealed that reactions between silica present in WA and SF and extra lime in OPC took place and yielded calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) (I) gel, giving it a denser structure.
An Assessment Tool for Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) Algorithms
Authors: Choi Ji-won , Alkhoury Ludvik , Urbano Leonardo F. , Masson Puneet , Kam Moshe , VerMilyea Matthew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) enables reliable analysis of semen images, and is designed to process large number of images with high consistency, accuracy, and repeatability. Design and testing of CASA algorithms can be accelerated greatly if reliable simulations of semen images under a variety of conditions and sample quality modes are available. Using lifelike simulation of semen images can quantify the performance of existing and proposed CASA algorithms, since the parameters of the simulated image are known and controllable. Methods: We present simulation models for sperm cell image and swimming modes observed in real 2D (top-down) images of sperm cells in laboratory specimen. The models simulate human sperm using four (4) types of swimming, namely linear mean, circular, hyperactive, and immotile (or dead). Results: The simulation models are used in studying algorithms for segmentation, localization, and tracking of sperm cells. Several segmentation and localization algorithms were tested under varying levels of noise, and then compared using precision, recall, and the optimal subpattern assignment (OSPA) metric. Images of real human semen sample were used to validate the segmentation and localization observations obtained from simulations. An example is given of sperm cell tracking on simulated semen images of cells using the different tracking algorithms (nearest neighbor (NN), global nearest neighbor (GNN), probabilistic data association filter (PDAF), and joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF)). Tracking performance was evaluated through multi-object tracking precision (MOTP) and multi-object tracking accuracy (MOTA). Conclusion: Simulation models enable objective assessments of semen image processing algorithms. We demonstrate the use of a new simulation tool to assess and compare segmentation, localization, and tracking methods. The simulation software allows testing along a large spectrum of parameter values that control the appearance and behavior of simulated semen images. Users can generate scenarios of different characteristics and assess the effectiveness of different CASA algorithms in these environments. The simulation was used to assess and compare algorithms for segmentation and tracking of sperm cells in semen images.
The influence of pH-salt Concentrations on Tuning lower critical solution temperature of Poly(NIPAAm-co-DMAA-co-DTBAVA) Multi-Environmentally terpolymer
Authors: abdelaty momen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
New series of thermo-pH responsive terpolymers were fabricated. Cationic acrylate tertiary amine monomer based on vanillin was synthesized in two steps and named by [2-((ditert-butylamino)methyl)-4-formyl-6-methoxyphenyl acrylate] and abbreviated as (DTBAVA). 1H NMR, 13C NMR investigated the new compounds, and FT IR exhibited good results. The new terpolymer was fabricated by the free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide NIPAAm, 10 mol% N, N-dimethylacrylamide and 5, 10, and 20 mol% DTBAVA. The investigation process involved the chemical method such as 1H NMR and FT IR; physical methods for the solid terpolymers as glass temperature by DSC, polymer degradation by TGA, and polymer crystallinity via XRD. For terpolymer solution, gel permeation chromatography GPC was performed for molecular weights and dispersity; contact angles for identifying the hydrophilic or hydrophobic terpolymers solutions. The lower critical solution temperatures Tc,s, and cloud points Cp,s of terpolymers were recorded considering the impact of pH solutions and the concentrations of different sodium salts of (SO4-2, Cl-1, and SCN-1) kosmotropes to chaotropic in the Hofmeister series; turbidity measurements were used via UV/vis spectroscopy and micro-DSC. In a new optimization study, we will use these terpolymers in the post-polymerization with biomolecules such as chitosan, protein, and amino acids via Schiff base.
Shifting Educational Gradients in Body Mass Index Trajectories of Indonesians: An Age Period Cohort Analysis
Authors: Liwin Lilipramawanty Kewok 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:
Globally, the number of obese adults has increased rapidly in many developing countries. The links between increased educational attainment and lower risks of overweight/obesity have been studied in a number of high-income contexts. However, educational attainment can have a different association with obesity at different levels of economic development and different stages of the nutritional transition, and these associations may vary by period and cohort. This study aims to provide evidence on the shifting of educational gradients in overweight/obesity in Indonesia, a low middle income country.
Methods:
Using five waves of Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS), this study examines the BMI trajectories of 14,810 individual from 1993 to 2014. This study analyses how educational gradients in BMI have shifted over time and across cohorts using a hierarchical age-period-cohort (HAPC) model to account for the effects of age and the changes in historical periods (social and environmental contexts).
Results:
In older generations, higher educational attainment was associated with higher BMI, but the gap between educational groups has shrunk in more recently-born cohorts. The BMI of lower educational groups is catching up with that of the tertiary educated, leading to an increased risk of overweight/obesity among low educated individuals. Having tertiary education lowers the risk of weight gain in women, but not in men.
Conclusion:
Changes in access to education and the ongoing nutritional transition in Indonesia are leading to a shifting of educational gradients in overweight/obesity over time. The rising trends in BMI among low-educated and younger individuals are of substantial concern for Indonesian public health due to their implications for the risk of non-communicable diseases in the future, and for communicable diseases during the covid-19 pandemic.
A Canadian Survey of Medical Students and Undergraduate Deans on Managing Patients With Obesity
Authors: Katz Nathan J. , Lovrics Olivia , Zevin Boris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: With over 26% of Canadian adults living with obesity, undergraduate medical education (UGME) should prepare medical students to manage this chronic disease. It is currently unknown how management of obesity is taught within UGME curricula in Canada. This study (1) examined the knowledge and self-reported competence of final-year medical students in managing patients with obesity, and (2) explored how this topic is taught within UGME curricula in Canada.Methods: We distributed two online surveys: one to final-year medical students, and another to UGME deans at 9 English-speaking medical schools in Canada. The medical student survey assessed students’ knowledge and self-reported competence in managing patients with obesity. The dean’s survey assessed how management of patients with obesity is taught within the UGME curriculum.Results: 133 (6.9%) and 180 (9.3%) out of 1936 eligible students completed the knowledge and self-reported competence parts of the survey, respectively. Mean knowledge score was 10.5 (2.1) out of 18. Students had greatest knowledge about etiology of obesity and goals of treatment, and poorest knowledge about physiology and maintenance of weight loss. Mean self-reported competence score was 2.5 (0.86) out of 4. Students felt most competent assessing diet for unhealthy behaviors and calculating body mass index. Five (56%) out of 9 deans completed the survey. A mean of 14.6 (5.0) curricular hours were spent on teaching management of obesity.Conclusions: Canadian medical students lack adequate knowledge and feel inadequately prepared to manage patients with obesity. Changes to UGME curricula may help address this gap in education.
“Building Palliative Care Capacity in Cancer Treatment Centres: A Participatory Action Research”
Authors: Bhatnagar Sushma , Rao Seema Rajesh , Salins Naveen , Goh Cynthia Ruth 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: There is a significant lack of palliative care access and service delivery in the Indian cancer institutes. In this paper, we describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a palliative care capacity-building program in Indian cancer institutes.Methods:Participatory action research method was used to develop, implement and evaluate the outcomes of the palliative care capacity-building program. Participants were healthcare practitioners from various cancer institutes in India. Researchers developed interventions towards capacity building, which was modified and further developed after each cycle of the capacity-building program. Qualitative content analysis was used to develop an action plan to build capacity. Descriptive statistics were used to measure the outcomes of the action plan. Results:Seventy-three healthcare practitioners from 31 cancer treatment centers in India were purposively recruited between 2016 and 2020. Training and education in palliative care, infrastructure for palliative care provision, and opioid availability were identified as key requisites for capacity-building. Individual and organizational change champions were identified for context-specific capacity-building. A training program was developed and delivered to the change champions for knowledge- and skill-development and peer-mentorship for knowledge-translation. The outcome indicators of the project were defined a priori, and were audited by an independent auditor. The three cycles of the program resulted in the development of palliative care services in 23 of the 31 institutes enrolled in the program. Conclusion: This program illustrates how a transformational change at the organizational and individual level can lead to the development of sustained provision of palliative care services in cancer institutes.