bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversing Radiation-Induced Immunosuppression Using a New Therapeutic Modality
Authors: Courtney Colleen M. , Sharma Sadhana , Fallgren Christina , Weil Michael M. , Chatterjee Anushree , Nagpal Prashant 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTRadiation-induced immune suppression poses significant health challenges for millions of patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment, and astronauts and space tourists travelling to outer space. While a limited number of recombinant protein therapies, such a Sargramostim, are approved for accelerating hematologic recovery, the pronounced role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF or CSF2) as a proinflammatory cytokine poses additional challenges in creating immune dysfunction towards pathogenic autoimmune diseases. Here we present an approach to high-throughput drug-discovery, target validation, and lead molecule identification using nucleic acid-based molecules. These Nanoligomer™ molecules are rationally designed using a bioinformatics and an artificial intelligence (AI)-based ranking method and synthesized as a single-modality combining 6-different design elements to up- or downregulate gene expression of target gene, resulting in elevated or diminished protein expression of intended target. This method additionally alters related gene network targets ultimately resulting in pathway modulation. This approach was used to perturb and identify the most effective upstream regulators and canonical pathways for therapeutic intervention to reverse radiation-induced immunosuppression. The lead Nanoligomer™identified in a screen of human donor derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) upregulated Erythropoietin (EPO) and showed the greatest reversal of radiation induced cytokine changes. It was further testedin vivoin a mouse radiation-model with low-dose (3 mg/kg) intraperitoneal administration and was shown to regulate gene expression ofepoin lung tissue as well as counter immune suppression. These results point to the broader applicability of our approach towards drug-discovery, and potential for further investigation of lead molecule as reversible gene therapy to treat adverse health outcomes induced by radiation exposure.
Bayesian joint species distribution model selection for community-level prediction
Authors: Itter Malcolm , Kaarlejärvi Elina , Laine Anna-Liisa , Hamberg Leena , Tonteri Tiina , Vanhatalo Jarno 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJoint species distribution models (JSDMs) are an important conservation tool for predicting ecosystem diversity and function under global change. The growing complexity of modern JSDMs necessitates careful model selection tailored to the challenges of community prediction under novel conditions (i.e., transferable models). Common approaches to evaluate the performance of JSDMs for community-level prediction are based on individual species predictions that do not account for the species correlation structures inherent in JSDMs. Here, we formalize a Bayesian model selection approach that accounts for species correlation structures and apply it to compare the community-level predictive performance of alternative JSDMs across broad environmental gradients emulating transferable applications. We connect the evaluation of JSDM predictions to Bayesian model selection theory under which the log score is the preferred performance measure for probabilistic prediction. We define the joint log score for community-level prediction and distinguish it from more commonly applied JSDM evaluation metrics. We then apply this community log score to evaluate predictions of 1,918 out-of-sample boreal forest understory communities spanning 39 species generated using a novel JSDM framework that supports alternative species correlation structures: independent, compositional dependence, and residual dependence. The best performing JSDM included all observed environmental variables and multinomial species correlations reflecting compositional dependence within modeled community data. The addition of flexible residual species correlations improved model predictions only within JSDMs applying a reduced set of environmental variables highlighting potential confounding between unobserved environmental conditions and residual species dependence. The best performing JSDM was consistent across successional and bio-climatic gradients regardless of whether interest was in species- or community-level prediction. Our study demonstrates the utility of the community log score to quantify differences in the predictive performance of complex JSDMs and highlights the importance of accounting for species dependence when interest is in community composition under novel conditions.
Single cell transcriptomic profiling of tauopathy in a novel 3D neuron-astrocyte coculture model
Authors: Rickner Hannah Drew , Jiang Lulu , Hong Rui , O’Neill Nicholas K , Mojica Chromewell A , Snyder Benjamin J , Zhang Lushuang , Shaw Dipan , Medalla Maria , Wolozin Benjamin , Cheng Christine S. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe use of iPSC derived brain organoid models to study neurodegenerative disease has been hampered by a lack of systems that accurately and expeditiously recapitulate pathogenesis in the context of neuron-glial interactions. Here we report development of a system, termed AstTau, which propagates toxic human tau oligomers in iPSC derived neuron-astrocyte spheroids. The AstTau system develops much of the neuronal and astrocytic pathology observed in tauopathies including misfolded, phosphorylated, oligomeric, and fibrillar tau, strong neurodegeneration, and reactive astrogliosis. Single cell transcriptomic profiling combined with immunochemistry characterizes a model system that can more closely recapitulate late-stage changes in adult neurodegeneration. The transcriptomic studies demonstrate striking changes in neuroinflammatory and heat shock protein (HSP) chaperone systems in the disease process. Treatment with the HSP90 inhibitor PU-H71 was used to address the putative dysfunctional HSP chaperone system and produced a strong reduction of pathology and neurodegeneration, highlighting the potential of AstTau as a rapid and reproducible tool for drug discovery.
Fluorescence complementation enables quantitative imaging of cell penetrating peptide-mediated protein delivery in plants including WUSCHEL transcription factor
Authors: Wang Jeffrey W. , Goh Natalie , Squire Henry , Ni Michael , Lien Edward , González-Grandío Eduardo , Landry Markita P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProtein delivery to plants offers many opportunities for plant bioengineering via gene editing and through direction of protein-protein interactions. However, the delivery and confirmation of successful protein delivery to plants presents both practical and analytical challenges. We present a GFP bimolecular fluorescence complementation-based tool, delivered complementationin planta(DCIP), which allows for unambiguous and quantitative measurement of protein delivery in leaves. Using DCIP, we demonstrate cell-penetrating peptide mediated cytosolic delivery of peptides and recombinant proteins inNicotiana benthamiana. We show that DCIP enables measurement of delivery efficiency and enables functional screening of cell penetrating peptide efficacies for in-plant protein delivery. Finally, we demonstrate that DCIP detects cell penetrating peptide mediated delivery of recombinantly expressed proteins such as mCherry and Lifeact into intact leaves. Finally, we also demonstrate, for the first time, delivery of a recombinant plant transcription factor, WUSCHEL (AtWUS), inN. benthamiana. RT-qPCR analysis of AtWUS delivery inArabidopsisseedlings also suggests delivered WUS can recapitulate AtWUS-overexpression transcriptional changes. All combined, DCIP offers a new and powerful tool for interrogating cytosolic delivery of proteins in plants and highlights future avenues for engineering plant physiology.
The dually localized EF-hand domain-containing protein TgEFP1 regulates the lytic cycle of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Dave Noopur , LaFavers Kaice , Arrizabalaga Gustavo 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe propagation of the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii is tightly regulated by calcium signaling. However, the mechanisms by which calcium homeostasis and fluxes are regulated in this human pathogen are not fully understood. To identify Toxoplasma’s calcium homeostasis network, we have characterized a novel EF-hand domain-containing protein, which we have named TgEFP1. We have determined that TgEFP1 localizes to a previously described compartment known as the plant-like vacuole or the endo-lysosomal compartment (PLV/ELC), which harbors several proteins related to ionic regulation. Interestingly, partial permeabilization techniques showed that TgEFP1 is also secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole (PV), within which the parasite divides. Ultrastructure expansion microscopy confirmed the unusual dual localization of TgEFP1 at the PLV/ELC and the PV. Furthermore, we determined that the localization of TgEFP1 to the PV, but not to the PLV/ELC, is affected by disruption of Golgi-dependent transport with Brefeldin A. Knockout of TgEFP1 results in faster propagation in tissue culture, hypersensitivity to calcium ionophore-induced egress, and premature natural egress. Thus, our work has revealed an interplay between the PV and the PLV/ELC and a role for TgEFP1 in the regulation of calcium-dependent events.
IPT9, a cis-zeatin cytokinin biosynthesis gene, promotes root growth
Authors: Antoniadi Ioanna , Mateo-Bonmatí Eduardo , Pernisová Markéta , Brunoni Federica , Antoniadi Mariana , Villalonga Mauricio Garcia-Atance , Ament Anita , Karády Michal , Turnbull Colin , Doležal Karel , Pěnčík Ales , Ljung Karin , Novák Ondřej 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTCytokinin and auxin are plant hormones that coordinate many aspects of plant development. Their interactions in plant underground growth are well established, occurring at the levels of metabolism, signaling, and transport. Unlike many plant hormone classes, cytokinins are represented by more than one active molecule. Multiple mutant lines, blocking specific parts of cytokinin biosynthetic pathways, have enabled research in plants with deficiencies in specific cytokinin-types. While most of these mutants have confirmed the impeding effect of cytokinin on root growth, the ipt29 double mutant instead surprisingly exhibits reduced primary root length compared to wild type. This mutant is impaired in cis-zeatin (cZ) production, a cytokinin-type that had been considered inactive in the past. Here we have further investigated the intriguing ipt29 root phenotype, opposite to known cytokinin functions, and the (bio)activity of cZ. Our data suggest that despite the ipt29 short-root phenotype, cZ application has a negative impact on primary root growth and can activate a cytokinin response in the stele. Grafting experiments revealed that the root phenotype of ipt29 depends on local signaling which does not relate to directly to cytokinin levels. Notably, ipt29 displayed increased auxin levels in the root tissue. Moreover, analyses of the differential contributions of ipt2 and ipt9 to the ipt29 short-root phenotype demonstrated that, despite its deficiency on cZ levels, ipt2 does not show any root phenotype or auxin homeostasis variation while ipt9 mutants were indistinguishable from ipt29. We conclude that IPT9 functions may go beyond cZ biosynthesis, directly or indirectly, implicating effects on auxin homeostasis and therefore influencing plant growth.
Membrane curvature sensing and stabilization by the autophagic LC3 lipidation machinery
Authors: Jensen Liv E. , Rao Shanlin , Schuschnig Martina , Cada A. King , Martens Sascha , Hummer Gerhard , Hurley James H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHow the highly curved phagophore membrane is stabilized during autophagy initiation is a major open question in autophagosome biogenesis. Here, we usein vitroreconstitution on membrane nanotubes and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate how core autophagy proteins in the LC3 lipidation cascade interact with curved membranes, providing insight into possible roles in regulating membrane shape during autophagosome biogenesis. ATG12–5-16L1 was up to 100-fold enriched on highly curved nanotubes relative to flat membranes. At high surface density, ATG12–5-16L1 binding increased the curvature of the nanotubes. While WIPI2 binding directs membrane recruitment, the amphipathic helixα2 of ATG16L1 is responsible for curvature sensitivity. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that helixα2 of ATG16L1 inserts shallowly into the membrane, explaining its curvature-sensitive binding to the membrane. These observations show how the binding of the ATG12–5-16L1 complex to the early phagophore rim could stabilize membrane curvature and facilitate autophagosome growth.
An in-vitro investigation of effects of acetylcholine on attenuate and low motile diluted rooster semen quality
Authors: Ghaffar Osama. R. , Farzinpour Amjad , Vaziry Asaad , Naderi Sina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on 24 hours preserved diluted rooster semen at 4°C with a low motility percentage during 2 hours at room temperature incubation. Ten indigenous same-aged roosters were used in this study, adapted by Dorso-abdominal massage for semen collection for one month before starting main work. Semen was collected weekly twice by the Dorso-abdominal massage technique, collected semen transferred to the laboratory in less than 10 minutes, and took a previous qualifying examination. Qualify semen from each rooster polled together and diluted by the Lake extender and preserved for 24 hours at 4°C in the refrigerator. Different ACh concentrations (10mM-100mM) were added to Low motile semen and stored for 24 h at 4°C, and the quality parameters such as motility, viability, acrosome, and plasma membrane integrity were measured evaluated. Adding ACh in 10mM for the low motile semen significantly increased semen motility from 50% to 78.5% (P<0.05) at time zero, but other ACh concentrations did not have any significant differences compared to control. During two hours’ incubation of recovered semen at room temperature, 10mM ACh prevented declining semen motility compared to control and other ACh concentrations significantly (P<0.05), which motility in 10mM ACh concentration 59%. In contrast, control, 1mM ACh, and 100μM ACh group was 2.5%, 4%, and 1%, respectively. Semen viability after two hours of recovery at room temperature significantly 3.5% was less than the control group (P<0.05), but acrosome and plasma membrane integrity has not had any differences between all experimental groups (P>0.05). We can conclude that 10mM ACh can recover semen motility and not have toxicity and side effects on semen quality.
Reviewer information and advertisement format: impact on watching a new movie release
Authors: Fogel Joshua , Prabhu Prajwal 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to analyze the association of information technology and non-information technology reviewer information and advertisement format, and also demographics and theory of planned behavior variables for watching a new movie release.Design/methodology/approachThe authors surveyed 809 college students about various advertisement topics of traditional media/print, Internet, social media, and both print and online reviews.FindingsFor advertising, outdoor billboards and YouTube video were each positively associated with watching a new movie release while reviewer information of critic reviews in print, critic reviews online, and user reviewers were each not associated with watching a new movie release. For race/ethnicity, Hispanics were positively associated with watching a new movie release while South Asians were negatively associated with watching a new movie release. For theory of planned behavior variables, behavioral control and intentions were each positively associated with watching a new movie release.Practical implicationsIn conclusion, movie production companies should dedicate large portions of their advertising budget to YouTube and outdoor billboard advertising. Also, movie production companies should continue to advertise and possibly even tailor advertising to Hispanics.Originality/valueThis is the first study for watching a new movie release to simultaneously include predictors of advertisement format including from many types of social media platforms, reviewer information whether from professional critics or user reviews, and the theory of planned behavior.
Equivalent relationship of accelerated corrosion and compilation method of environmental spectrum of corroded steel wires
Authors: Li Rou , Miao Changqing , Nie Mingfen , Wang Yichun 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the equivalent relationship of accelerated corrosion and compilation method of environmental spectrum of corroded steel wires.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on Faraday’s law and the principle of equivalent corrosion damage, the method for compiling the equivalent environmental spectrum of accelerated corrosion was established. The equivalent conversion relationship of steel wire under different temperature and pH conditions and the relationship between corrosion factors and corrosion rate through the electrochemical tests were proposed.

Findings
The high temperature had a greater impact on the equivalent conversion coefficient than the low temperature. When the temperature increased from 15°C to 60°C, the equivalent conversion coefficient increased by about 3–6 times. The weak acid had a greater impact on equivalent conversion coefficient compared with strong acid. The effect of temperature on the equivalent conversion coefficient was much greater than that of pH value.

Originality/value
The compilation method of corrosion environment spectrum of bridge operation and the calculation method of corrosion depth proposed in this paper were reasonable, and the corrosion depth and service life of cable components could be predicted.
Firm performance, vertical agency crisis and corporate governance of Indian listed companies
Authors: Sethi Premananda , Sahu Tarak Nath , Maity Sudarshan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to examine the influence of corporate governance variables on firm performance and also to find out whether the corporate governance mechanism is capable of mitigating the vertical agency crisis. Here the researcher uses corporate governance mechanisms such as board meeting frequency, board independence, percentage of non-executive directors, percentage of woman directors on board and the board size to measure the firm performance and, at the same time, tries to mitigate the agency crisis, which is measured through return on asset and asset turnover ratio.Design/methodology/approachThe present study considers period from 2009 to 2020 with data corresponding to a panel of 271 non-financial firms listed in 500 NSE index, India. The study introduces a panel regression model to analyze the data collected from the sample firms.FindingsThe study detects a positive as well as a statistically significant relationship between board size and vertical agency cost. The study also observes a negative relationship between board independence and agency cost. Further, the study finds a positive relationship between corporate governance variables and firm performance, though it is non-significant.Originality/valueAs the study progresses, the study detects a negative relationship between non-executive directors and agency costs. This study tries to give policy prescription to the corporate policymaker regarding various measures to be taken by the firm for the improvement of firm performance and reduction of owner and manager conflict inside the company. The study fills the literature gap by revealing a significant relationship between corporate governance, vertical agency crisis and firm performance.
Novel coordinated power sources switching strategy for transient performance enhancement of hybrid electric vehicles
Authors: Oubelaid Adel , Taib Nabil , Rekioua Toufik 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is the investigation of a new coordinated switching strategy to improve the transient performance of a fuel cell (FC)- supercapacitor (SC) electric vehicle. The proposed switching strategy protects FCs from large currents drawn during abrupt power variations. Furthermore, it compensates the poor FC transient response and suppresses the transient ripples occurring during power source switching instants.

Design/methodology/approach
Coordinated power source switching is achieved using three different transition functions. Vehicle model is fractioned into computational and console subsystems for its simulation using real time (RT) LAB simulator. Blocs containing coordination switching strategy, power sources models and their power electronics interface are placed in the computational subsystem that will be executed, in RT, on one of real time laboratory simulator central processing unit cores.

Findings
Coordination switching strategy resulted in reducing transient power ripples by 90% and direct current (DC) bus voltage fluctuations by 50%. Switching through transition functions compensated the difference between FC and SC transient responses responsible for transient power ripples. Among the three proposed transition functions, linear transition function resulted in the best transient performances.

Originality/value
The proposed coordinated switching strategy allows the control of the switching period duration. Furthermore, it enables the choice of adequate transition functions that fit the dynamics of power sources undergoing transition. Also, the proposed switching technique is simple and does not require the knowledge of system parameters or the complex control models.
Dynamics of export competitiveness of India and China: a study of HS 6-digit manufacturing exports
Authors: Ganai Sayed Gulzar , Khan Javid Ahmad , Bhat Showkat Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
The export competitiveness has only calculated on only two aspects either comparatively advantageous or comparatively disadvantageous products for India or China. There is not any thorough study that has been undertaken for Indian manufacturing sector at a segregated level along with that of China. So, in the light of these shortcomings, the purpose of this study is to analyse the dynamics of export competitiveness of indian manufacturing sector vis-à-vis its emerging counterpart, china in the global market.

Design/methodology/approach
A modified revealed comparative advantage index has been used in two different phases of 2001–08 and 2010–18 to find the dynamic pattern of manufacturing exports of India and China in the world market.

Findings
The study revealed that India has shown a positive response in increasing its competitive positioned products from low-technology to medium-technology products during the study period. There has been a decline in the competitive positioned products of China and simultaneously China’s threatened product lines have shown an immense increment over the years. Moreover, Indian exports are concentrated to few low-technology and resource-intensive products, that share more than 50% of total exported value for its manufacturing in the global market, whereas, China is much diversified and the exported value is more scattered over its manufactured items.

Research limitations/implications
The study does not include the factors that impacted the export competitiveness of the sample economies and thus adds a limitation to this study.

Originality/value
As there is very limited research on dynamics of export competitiveness of Indian manufacturing exports at harmonised system 6-digit level with China, this study fulfils the gap.