bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of olfactory improvement after endoscopic sinus surgery in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Hernandez A K , Wendler O , Mayr S , Iro H , Hummel T , Mueller S K 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the predictors of olfactory improvement after endoscopic sinus surgery among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.MethodThis prospective cohort study included patients admitted to a university hospital between 2006 and 2012. Assessment using odour identification testing, a sinonasal symptom questionnaire, the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index and mucus biomarker levels was performed at various time points. Correlation of variables with identification score differences at six post-operative time points and at baseline was performed, followed by multiple linear regression to determine significant predictors at each of the six post-operative time points.ResultsBaseline absence of acute sinusitis, elevated serpin F2 and anterior rhinorrhoea predict early olfactory improvement, whereas baseline allergic rhinitis predicts late olfactory improvement. Baseline odour identification score was the strongest predictor across all time points.ConclusionPatients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps with worse disease or baseline olfactory function may benefit more from endoscopic sinus surgery in terms of olfactory improvement.
Clinical and psychosocial factors affecting treatment adherence in children with rheumatic heart disease
Authors: Alkan Fatos , Yigit Ecem , Sapmaz Sermin Yalın , Coskun Senol 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroduction:The present study aimed to investigate the outcomes of psychiatric symptoms and family functions on treatment adherence in children, in addition to sociodemographic characteristics and clinical factors related to the disease.Material and Method:The research sample consisted of 43 children who were followed up with rheumatic heart disease diagnosis during the study. Clinical features were obtained from the patient files. The family assessment device evaluating family functioning and the strengths and difficulties questionnaire scale to screen emotional and behavioural problems in children were used.Results:Considering the regularity of treatment in our patients, there were 31 (72%) patients adherent to secondary prophylaxis regularly, 7 (6.9%) patients were partially adherent, and 5 (11.6%) patients non-adherent. Patients were divided into treatment adherent (Group 1) and non-adherent (Group 2). There was no statistically significant impact on treatment adherence whether the patients receive enough information, lifestyle, fear of developing adverse effects, fear of addiction, lack of health insurance, difficulties in reaching the drug or hospital. However, the fear of syringes on treatment adherence had an effect statistically significantly (p = 0.047). Forgetting to get a prescription and/or take the drug when the time comes was statistically higher in the non-adherent group (p = 0.009). There was no statistically significant effect of psychosocial factors on treatment adherence between groups.Discussion:Providing an effective active recall system, involving primary care workers, providing training on the disease and its management, and a comprehensive pain management programme can improve the process, especially for cases where secondary prophylaxis is missed.
Dissolved Organic Carbon Chemostasis in Antarctic Polar Desert Streams
Authors: Torrens Christa L. , Gooseff Michael N. , McKnight Diane M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a key variable impacting stream biogeochemical processes. The relationship between DOC concentration (C) and stream discharge (q) can elucidate spatial and temporal DOC source dynamics in watersheds. In the ephemeral glacial meltwater streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), Antarctica, the C‐q relationship has been applied to dissolved inorganic nitrogen and weathering solutes including silica, which all exhibit chemostatic C‐q behavior; but DOC‐q dynamics have not been studied. DOC concentrations here are low compared to temperate streams, in the range of 0.1–2 mg C l−1, and their chemical signal clearly indicates derivation from microbial biomass (benthic mats and hyporheic biofilm). To investigate whether the DOC generation rate from these autochthonous organic matter pools was sufficient to maintain chemostasis for DOC, despite these streams' large diel and interannual fluctuations in discharge, we fit the long‐term DOC‐q data to a power law and an advection‐reaction model. Model outputs and coefficients of variation characterize the DOC‐q relationship as chemostatic for several MDV streams. We propose a conceptual model in which hyporheic carbon storage, hyporheic exchange rates, and net DOC generation rates are key interacting components that enable chemostatic DOC‐q behavior in MDV streams. This model clarifies the role of autochthonous carbon stores in maintaining DOC chemostasis and may be useful for examining these relationships in temperate systems, which typically have larger sources of bioavailable autochthonous organic carbon than MDV streams but where this autochthonous signal could be masked by a stronger allochthonous contribution.
Decoupled Lithospheric Folding, Lower Crustal Flow Channels, and the Growth of Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Shin Young Hong , Shum C. K. , Braitenberg Carla , Lee Sang Mook , Lim Mutaek , Na Sung‐Ho , Dai Chunli , Zhang Chaoyang , Pan Yuanjin , Do Seok‐Hyeon , So Byung‐Dal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe growth mechanism of the Tibetan Plateau, postulated by a number of hypotheses, remains under intense debate. Our analysis of recent satellite‐based gravity model reveals that Tibetan lithosphere has been decoupled and folded. It is further evidenced by the existence of crustal melts and channel flow that have been observed by seismic and magnetotelluric explorations. Based on 3D geodynamic simulations, we elucidate the exact buckling structures in the upper crust and lithospheric mantle: at mixed wavelengths between ∼240 and ∼400 km, the lower crustal viscosity is smaller than ∼1019 Pa·s, implicating weak lower crustal flow beneath the Plateau. This mixed wavelength is consistent with the result of our inverse gravity modeling. Our results facilitate a new plausible hypothesis that the decoupled lithospheric folding mechanism can explain the growth mechanism of the anomalously thick and wide Tibetan Plateau by conflating our idea and contemporary hypothesized scientific findings.
Tropospheric Delay Correction of VLBI Stations for the Real‐Time Trajectory Determination of the Chang'E‐5 Spacecraft
Authors: Zhou W. L. , Song S. L. , Hu X. , Zhang Z. B. , Li P. J. , Jiang J. , Li W. , Jin X. L. , Jiao G. Q. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Chang'E‐5 (CE‐5) spacecraft was launched on 24 November 2020 with the purpose to implement unmanned lunar surface sampling and return. Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique played an important role in real‐time precise trajectory determination and attitude determination of the CE‐5 spacecraft in the Earth to Moon transfer, circumlunar, landing, and ascending phases. However, tropospheric delay is one of the main error sources for VLBI observations which has to be corrected accurately for precise trajectory determination. To deal with this error properly, a prediction model (TRO_P) and a method with Global Navigation Satellite System observations (TRO_G) are proposed for tropospheric zenith delay correction for real‐time and 30 min latency trajectory determination of the CE‐5 spacecraft, respectively. The results demonstrate that the mean root mean square (RMS) of residual error of VLBI delay and delay rate for TRO_P are 0.62 ns and 0.75 ps/s at low elevation angle, respectively. Moreover, the improvement for the mean RMS of VLBI delay using TRO_G is 39.5% meaning from 0.43 to 0.26 ns compared with that using the method with meteorological data (TRO_S) at low elevation angle. This study can provide a reference for tropospheric delay calibration for trajectory determination of the spacecraft using VLBI or other techniques.
Trends in insulin resistance: insights into mechanisms and therapeutic strategy
Authors: Li Mengwei , Chi Xiaowei , Wang Ying , Setrerrahmane Sarra , Xie Wenwei , Xu Hanmei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe centenary of insulin discovery represents an important opportunity to transform diabetes from a fatal diagnosis into a medically manageable chronic condition. Insulin is a key peptide hormone and mediates the systemic glucose metabolism in different tissues. Insulin resistance (IR) is a disordered biological response for insulin stimulation through the disruption of different molecular pathways in target tissues. Acquired conditions and genetic factors have been implicated in IR. Recent genetic and biochemical studies suggest that the dysregulated metabolic mediators released by adipose tissue including adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, excess lipids and toxic lipid metabolites promote IR in other tissues. IR is associated with several groups of abnormal syndromes that include obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), cardiovascular disease, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and other abnormalities. Although no medication is specifically approved to treat IR, we summarized the lifestyle changes and pharmacological medications that have been used as efficient intervention to improve insulin sensitivity. Ultimately, the systematic discussion of complex mechanism will help to identify potential new targets and treat the closely associated metabolic syndrome of IR.
Estimating plant–insect interactions under climate change with limited data
Authors: Tamura Yui , Osawa Takeshi , Tabuchi Ken , Yamasaki Kazuhisa , Niiyama Tokumitsu , Sudo Shigeto , Ishigooka Yasushi , Yoshioka Akira , Takada Mayura B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractClimate change may disrupt species–species interactions via phenological changes in one or both species. To predict and evaluate the influence of climate change on these interactions, long-term monitoring and sampling over large spatial areas are required; however, funding and labor constraints limit data collection. In this study, we predict and evaluate the plant–insect interactions with limited data sets. We examined plant–insect interaction using observational data for development of the crop plant rice (Oryza sativa) and an effective accumulated temperature (EAT) model of two mirid bugs (Stenotus rubrovittatus and Trigonotylus caelestialium). We combined 11 years of records monitoring rice phenology and the predicted phenology of mirid bugs using spatially–explicit EAT models based on both spatially and temporally high resolutions temperature data sets, then evaluated their accuracy using actual pest damage records. Our results showed that the predicted interactions between rice and mirid bugs explained rice damage to some degree. Our approach may apply predicting changes to plant–insect interactions under climate change. As such, combining plant monitoring records and theoretical predictions of insect phenology may be effective for predicting species–species interactions when available data are limited.
Deep learning in veterinary medicine, an approach based on CNN to detect pulmonary abnormalities from lateral thoracic radiographs in cats
Authors: Dumortier Léo , Guépin Florent , Delignette-Muller Marie-Laure , Boulocher Caroline , Grenier Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThoracic radiograph (TR) is a complementary exam widely used in small animal medicine which requires a sharp analysis to take full advantage of Radiographic Pulmonary Pattern (RPP). Although promising advances have been made in deep learning for veterinary imaging, the development of a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to detect specifically RPP from feline TR images has not been investigated. Here, a CNN based on ResNet50V2 and pre-trained on ImageNet is first fine-tuned on human Chest X-rays and then fine-tuned again on 500 annotated TR images from the veterinary campus of VetAgro Sup (Lyon, France). The impact of manual segmentation of TR’s intrathoracic area and enhancing contrast method on the CNN’s performances has been compared. To improve classification performances, 200 networks were trained on random shuffles of training set and validation set. A voting approach over these 200 networks trained on segmented TR images produced the best classification performances and achieved mean Accuracy, F1-Score, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Sensitivity of 82%, 85%, 75%, 81% and 88% respectively on the test set. Finally, the classification schemes were discussed in the light of an ensemble method of class activation maps and confirmed that the proposed approach is helpful for veterinarians.
Evaluation of late arterial acquisition and image quality after gadoxetate disodium injection using the CDT-VIBE sequence
Authors: Liu Fen , Ma Feng , Zhou Guanlan , Yang Chongtu , Xiong Bin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo explore the applicability of multi-arterial phase imaging technique in gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI. We studied 140 consecutive patients with suspected liver lesions who underwent gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI before surgery. All patients were randomized into three groups: group A (n = 50) was examined with VIBE-based single-artery phase imaging, group B (n = 44) with StarVIBE, and group C (n = 46) with CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDT-VIBE)-based multi-artery phase imaging. We evaluated the display rate of late arterial images and image quality in arterial phase images. We performed a study of 140 consecutive patients suspected with liver lesions who received gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI examination before surgery. All patients were randomly divided into three groups: group A (n = 50) was examined with single arterial phase imaging based on VIBE, group B (n = 44) was based on StarVIBE and group C (n = 46) was analyzed with multi-arterial phase imaging based on CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST-VIBE (CDT-VIBE). We evaluated the display rate of late arterial images and the image quality of dynamically enhanced images. Both radiologists had an almost perfect agreement (Kappa value > 0.8) in the assessment of late arterial and image quality. For late arterial acquisition, group C was superior to groups A and B (x2 = 18.940, P < 0.05); The image of phase 4 had the highest display rate in the late artery phase. For arterial phase image quality, there was no difference between groups A, B and C at five phases (H = 10.481, P = 0.106); and the best image quality score was lower in group C than in groups A and B (H = 8.573, P = 0.014).For the quality of the late arterial images, there was a statistical difference between the best images in groups A, B and C (H = 6.619, P = 0.037), and the images in group C were significantly better than those in group A (P.adj < 0.05). By applying multi-arterial phase acquisition based on CDT-VIBE, gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI scanning can obtain a better late arterial phase and provide high-quality images with fewer motion artifacts.
A structural homology approach to identify potential cross-reactive antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: McGill Joseph R. , Lagassé H. A. Daniel , Hernandez Nancy , Hopkins Louis , Jankowski Wojciech , McCormick Quinn , Simhadri Vijaya , Golding Basil , Sauna Zuben E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus is the most important public-health issue of our time. Understanding the diverse clinical presentations of the ensuing disease, COVID-19, remains a critical unmet need. Here we present a comprehensive listing of the diverse clinical indications associated with COVID-19. We explore the theory that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could cross-react with endogenous human proteins driving some of the pathologies associated with COVID-19. We describe a novel computational approach to estimate structural homology between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and human proteins. Antibodies are more likely to interrogate 3D-structural epitopes than continuous linear epitopes. This computational workflow identified 346 human proteins containing a domain with high structural homology to a SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain protein. Of these, 102 proteins exhibit functions that could contribute to COVID-19 clinical pathologies. We present a testable hypothesis to delineate unexplained clinical observations vis-à-vis COVID-19 and a tool to evaluate the safety-risk profile of potential COVID-19 therapies.
Genome-wide comparison deciphers lifestyle adaptation and glass biodeterioration property of Curvularia eragrostidis C52
Authors: Quach Ngoc Tung , Ngo Cao Cuong , Nguyen Thu Hoai , Nguyen Phi Long , Vu Thi Hanh Nguyen , Phan Thi Hoai Trinh , Nguyen Quang Huy , Le Thanh Thi Minh , Chu Hoang Ha , Phi Quyet-Tien 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlass biodeterioration by fungi has caused irreversible damage to valuable glass materials such as cultural heritages and optical devices. To date, knowledge about metabolic potential and genomic profile of biodeteriorative fungi is still scarce. Here, we report for the first time the whole genome sequence of Curvularia eragrostidis C52 that strongly degraded silica-based glasses coated with fluorine and hafnium, as expressed by the hyphal surface coverage of 46.16 ± 3.3% and reduced light transmission of 50.93 ± 1.45%. The genome of C. eragrostidis C52 is 36.9 Mb long with a GC content of 52.1% and contains 14,913 protein-coding genes, which is the largest genome ever recorded in the genus Curvularia. Phylogenomic analysis revealed C. eragrostidis C52 formed a distinct cluster with Curvularia sp. IFB-Z10 and was not evolved from compared genomes. Genome-wide comparison showed that strain C52 harbored significantly higher proportion of proteins involved in carbohydrate-active enzymes, peptidases, secreted proteins, and transcriptional factors, which may be potentially attributed to a lifestyle adaptation. Furthermore, 72 genes involved in the biosynthesis of 6 different organic acids were identified and expected to be crucial for the fungal survival in the glass environment. To form biofilm against stress, the fungal strain utilized 32 genes responsible for exopolysaccharide production. These findings will foster a better understanding of the biology of C. eragrostidis and the mechanisms behind fungal biodeterioration in the future.
Evidence of endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and persulfidation in male reproduction
Authors: Řimnáčová Hedvika , Moravec Jiří , Štiavnická Miriama , Havránková Jiřina , Monsef Ladan , Hošek Petr , Prokešová Šárka , Žalmanová Tereza , Fenclová Tereza , Petr Jaroslav , Králíčková Milena , Nevoral Jan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPersulfidation contributes to a group of redox post-translational modifications (PTMs), which arise exclusively on the sulfhydryl group of cysteine as a result of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) action. Redox-active molecules, including H2S, contribute to sperm development; therefore, redox PTMs represent an extremely important signalling pathway in sperm life. In this path, persulfidation prevents protein damage caused by irreversible cysteine hyperoxidation and thus maintains this signalling pathway. In our study, we detected both H2S and its production by all H2S-releasing enzymes (cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST)) in male reproduction, including spermatozoa. We provided evidence that sperm H2S leads to persulfidation of proteins, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, tubulin, and anchor protein A-kinase. Overall, this study suggests that persulfidation, as a part of the redox signalling pathway, is tightly regulated by enzymatic H2S production and is required for sperm viability.
Overcoming addition of phosphoethanolamine to lipid A mediated colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates with colistin–sulbactam combination therapy
Authors: Srisakul Sukrit , Wannigama Dhammika Leshan , Higgins Paul G. , Hurst Cameron , Abe Shuichi , Hongsing Parichart , Saethang Thammakorn , Luk-in Sirirat , Liao Tingting , Kueakulpattana Naris , Shein Aye Mya Sithu , Gan Lin , Kupwiwat Rosalyn , Tanasatitchai Chanikan , Wapeesittipan Pattama , Phattharapornjaroen Phatthranit , Badavath Vishnu Nayak , Leelahavanichkul Asada , Chatsuwan Tanittha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOvercoming colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CoR-AB) has become a major concern due to the lack of effective antibiotics. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of CoR-AB clinical isolates in Thailand, their mechanisms of resistance, and test the efficacy of colistin plus sulbactam against CoR-AB isolates. The colistin resistance rate among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii was 15.14%. The mcr gene or its variants were not detected in CoR-AB isolates by PCR screening. The lipid A mass spectra of CoR-AB isolates showed the additional [M–H]− ion peak at m/z = 2034 that correlated to the phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) addition to lipid A (N = 27/30). The important amino acid substitutions were found at position S14P, A138T, A227V in PmrB that are associated with overexpression of the pEtN transferase (PmrC) and contributed the pEtN addition. The lipopolysacccharide production genes (lpxACD) were not related to lipid A mass spectra. A colistin plus sulbactam combination exhibited the synergy rate at 86.7% against CoR-AB isolates compare to sulbactam (85.89% resistance) or colistin (15.14% resistance) alone. The excellent synergistic activity of colistin plus sulbactam combination has the potential for the treatment of CoR-AB infections.
Oxytocin via oxytocin receptor excites neurons in the endopiriform nucleus of juvenile mice
Authors: Biggs Lindsey M. , Hammock Elizabeth A. D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) modulates social behaviors across species and may play a developmental role for these behaviors and their mediating neural pathways. Despite having high, stable levels of OXT receptor (OXTR) ligand binding from birth, endopiriform nucleus (EPN) remains understudied. EPN integrates olfactory and gustatory input and has reciprocal connections with several limbic areas. Because the role of OXTR signaling in EPN is unknown, we sought to provide anatomical and electrophysiological information about OXTR signaling in mouse EPN neurons. Using in situ hybridization, we found that most EPN neurons co-expressOxtrmRNA and the marker for VGLUT1, a marker for glutamatergic cells. Based on high levels of OXTR ligand binding in EPN, we hypothesized that oxytocin application would modulate activity in these cells as measured by whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. Bath application of OXT and an OXTR specific ligand (TGOT) increased the excitability of EPN neurons in wild-type, but not in OXTR-knockout (KO) tissue. These results show an effect of OXT on a mainly VGLUT1+ cell population within EPN. Given the robust, relatively stable OXTR expression in EPN throughout life, OXTR in this multi-sensory and limbic integration area may be important for modulating activity in response to an array of social or other salient stimuli throughout the lifespan and warrants further study.