bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of interferon gamma inducible protein-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, interleukin-6, and rs12252 single nucleotide polymorphism of interferon-induced transmembrane protein-3 gene with the severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Mulla Shafia , Molla Md.Maruf Ahmed , Ahmed S. M. Ali , Akhtaruzzaman A. K. M. , Saleh Ahmed Abu , Anwar Shaheda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Evaluating the serum levels of IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and IL-6 and genotyping of rs12252 SNP of IFITM3 gene among different categories of COVID-19 patients might aid in understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and contribute to developing disease-specific biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study involving a total of 84 COVID-19 patients confirmed by positive RT-PCR and 28 healthy controls. COVID-19 patients were recruited from the intensive care unit (ICU) and COVID unit of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbag, Dhaka. COVID-19 patients were categorized into moderate, severe, and critically ill groups according to the World Health Organization classification. The serum IP-10, MCP-1, and MIP-1α levels were measured by cytometric bead array assay by flow cytometry, and serum IL-6 level was detected by the chemiluminescence method. rs12252 SNP of the IFITM3 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR RFLP).

Results
The serum IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and IL-6 levels among critically ill COVID-19 patients were significantly higher than that in patients with moderate disease and healthy controls (p < 0.001). Genotype distribution for rs12252 (42 T/C) SNP of the IFITM3 gene between the different groups of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls showed that CC genotype was statistically associated with disease severity (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
IP-10 and MCP-1, MIP-α, IL-6, and CC genotype of rs12252 (42 T/C) SNP of IFITM3 gene are associated with COVID-19 severity.
Vitamin D assessment in patients with COVID-19 virus and correlation with severity
Authors: Yosef Tarek M. , Saleh Shereen A. , Ali Sara Fekry , Ahmed Ahmed Elmetwally 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Vitamin D may play a vital role in preventing the multi-system consequences of COVID-19 infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential association between mean serum levels of vitamin D and COVID-19 and its correlation with severity and mortality.

Results
A case-control study conducted on 80 Egyptian patients admitted at Ain Shams University designated hospitals, Cairo, Egypt, from March 2021 to September 2021. Regarding the laboratory investigations, we found that COVID-19 cases have significantly lower lymphocytic counts than controls. Regarding vitamin D, this study showed a statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D and lymphocytes, and there were statistically significant negative correlations between vitamin D, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, and D-dimer.

Conclusion
This study confirms that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the severity of COVID-19 clinically and laboratory.
High-resolution seismic faults interpretation based on adversarial neural networks with a regularization technique
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Wang Yanfei 
Published: July 2022

Geologic fault detection at high precision and resolution is the key for fine structure and reservoir modeling. Previous studies using neural networks for fault segmentation mainly focus on the local features of the targets and train the networks using synthetic data sets. To increase the fault segmentation resolution only using a limited amount of seismic field data, we develop an adversarial neural network architecture for high-resolution identification of faults (FaultAdvNet) taking advantage of global feature fusion. The architecture consists of (1) a light-weight segmentation module (approximately 0.49 M parameters), (2) a feature fusion module considering reflectors of faults and surrounding stratums, and (3) a discriminator module acting as a regularization term. Case studies using seismic field data from the Gulf of Mexico show an overwhelming performance improvement of the FaultAdvNet when compared with other fault detection methods. The FaultAdvNet picks all of the faults with sufficiently high confidence and low prediction risk. The predicted faults of the FaultAdvNet have good continuity and show clear boundary with fault probability values mainly ranging from 0.95 to 1. Saliency analysis also suggests that the FaultAdvNet can focus on the target at a sufficiently higher resolution (dozens of meters). Functionality experiments verify the mechanisms of the feature fusion module and the discriminator module in FaultAdvNet. We consider that a neural network (such as the discriminator) can serve as a data-driven regularization term to constrain the target network (the segmentation network) efficiently, especially given a limited amount of seismic data.
Accuracy of Electronic Medical Record Follow-Up Data for Estimating the Survival Time of Patients With Cancer
Authors: Gensheimer Michael F. , Narasimhan Balasubramanian , Henry A. Solomon , Wood Douglas J. , Rubin Daniel L. 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE For real-world evidence, it is convenient to use routinely collected data from the electronic medical record (EMR) to measure survival outcomes. However, patients can become lost to follow-up, causing incomplete data and biased survival time estimates. We quantified this issue for patients with metastatic cancer seen in an academic health system by comparing survival estimates from EMR data only and from EMR data combined with high-quality cancer registry data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients diagnosed with metastatic cancer from 2008 to 2014 were included in this retrospective study. Patients who were diagnosed with cancer or received their initial treatment within our system were included in the institutional cancer registry and this study. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival curves were generated in two ways: using EMR follow-up data alone and using EMR data supplemented with data from the Stanford Cancer Registry/California Cancer Registry. RESULTS Four thousand seventy-seven patients were included. The median follow-up using EMR + Cancer Registry data was 19.9 months, and the median follow-up in surviving patients was 67.6 months. There were 1,301 deaths recorded in the EMR and 3,140 deaths recorded in the Cancer Registry. The median overall survival from the date of cancer diagnosis using EMR data was 58.7 months (95% CI, 54.2 to 63.2); using EMR + Cancer Registry data, it was 20.8 months (95% CI, 19.6 to 22.3). A similar pattern was seen using the date of first systemic therapy or date of first hospital admission as the baseline date. CONCLUSION Using EMR data alone, survival time was overestimated compared with EMR + Cancer Registry data.
Impact of Molecular Tumor Board on the Clinical Management of Patients With Cancer
Authors: Behel Vichitra , Noronha Vanita , Choughule Anuradha , Shetty Omshree , Chandrani Pratik , Kapoor Akhil , Bondili Suresh Kumar , Bajpai Jyoti , Kumar Rajiv , Pai Trupti , Bal Munita , Gurav Mamta , Bapat Prachi , Mittal Neha , Menon Santosh , Patil Vijay , Menon Nandini , Dutt Amit , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSEMultidisciplinary molecular tumor boards (MTBs) help in interpreting complex genomic data generated by molecular tumor profiling and improve patients' access to targeted therapies. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of our institution's MTB on the clinical management of patients with cancer.METHODSThis study was conducted at a tertiary cancer center in India. Cases to be discussed in the MTB were identified by molecular pathologists, scientists, or oncologists. On the basis of the clinical data and molecular test reports, a course of clinical management was recommended and made available to the treating oncologist. We determined the proportion of patients who were recommended a change in the clinical management. We also assessed compliance of the treating oncologists with MTB recommendations.RESULTSThere were 339 discussions for 328 unique patients. The median age of the cohort was 54 years (range 17-87), and the majority of the patients were men (65.1%). Of 339 cases, 133 (39.2%) were recommended continuation of ongoing therapy while the remaining 206 (60.7%) were recommended a change in clinical management. Compliance with MTB recommendations for a change in clinical management was 58.5% (79 of 138 evaluable cases). Compliance and implementation for MTB's recommendation to start a new therapy in 104 evaluable cases were 60.5% and 44.2%, respectively. A total of 248 biopsies had at least one actionable mutation. A total of 646 mutations were identified in the cohort, with EGFR being the most frequently altered gene.CONCLUSIONMTBs help in interpreting results of molecular tests, understanding the significance of molecular abnormalities, and assessing the benefits of available targeted therapies and clinical trials in the management of patients with targetable genetic alterations.
Ablation of Growth Hormone Receptor in GABAergic Neurons Leads to Increased Pulsatile Growth Hormone Secretion
Authors: dos Santos Willian O , Wasinski Frederick , Tavares Mariana R , Campos Ana M P , Elias Carol F , List Edward O , Kopchick John J , Szawka Raphael E , Donato Jose 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) acts in several hypothalamic neuronal populations to modulate metabolism and the autoregulation of GH secretion via negative-feedback loops. However, few studies have investigated whether GH receptor (GHR) expression in specific neuronal populations is required for the homeostatic control of GH secretion and energy homeostasis. In the present study, we investigated the consequences of the specific GHR ablation in GABAergic (VGAT-expressing) or glutamatergic (VGLUT2-expressing) cells. GHR ablation in GABAergic neurons led to increased GH secretion, lean mass, and body growth in male and female mice. VGAT-specific GHR knockout (KO) male mice also showed increased serum insulin-like growth factor-1, hypothalamic Ghrh, and hepatic Igf1 messenger RNA levels. In contrast, normal GH secretion, but reduced lean body mass, was observed in mice carrying GHR ablation in glutamatergic neurons. GHR ablation in GABAergic cells increased weight loss and led to decreased blood glucose levels during food restriction, whereas VGLUT2-specific GHR KO mice showed blunted feeding response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose both in males and females, and increased relative food intake, oxygen consumption, and serum leptin levels in male mice. Of note, VGLUT2-cre female mice, independently of GHR ablation, exhibited a previously unreported phenotype of mild reduction in body weight without further metabolic alterations. The autoregulation of GH secretion via negative-feedback loops requires GHR expression in GABAergic cells. Furthermore, GHR ablation in GABAergic and glutamatergic neuronal populations leads to distinct metabolic alterations. These findings contribute to the understanding of the neuronal populations responsible for mediating the neuroendocrine and metabolic effects of GH.
Joseph Brodsky’s Borrowed Chinese Voice
Authors: Gamsa Mark 
Published: July 2022

AbstractJoseph Brodsky’s poem “Letters from the Ming Dynasty” (1977) stands out among his work for its prominent Chinese theme. This essay considers the poem against the background of some distant European precedents in order to situate it in the history of world literature. It explains what the poem does, how it does it, and how it connects with the main themes of Brodsky’s poetry. To further contextualize “Letters from the Ming Dynasty” in twentieth-century literary history, the essay compares it with uses of China by European modernists before concluding by briefly looking at examples of the mirror phenomenon, Chinese writers who “borrowed the voice” of Westerners. The relevance of Brodsky’s example to present-day debates on “cultural appropriation” becomes apparent.
The Anglophone and the Anthropocene: Postcolonial in the Present Tense
Authors: Srinivasan Ragini Tharoor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This brief essay outlines the case for a postcolonial presentism arising at the intersection of two urgent areas of inquiry: the literary and linguistic study of global Anglophonism, on the one hand, and the humanistic and social-scientific study of the Anthropocene, on the other. It explores a series of entangled definitions of the Anglophone and the Anthropocene, including how each serves as an assessment of the uneven present, as a universalizing discourse, and as a force of temporalization. The essay contests the proposition that the key conceptual problem posed by the present is its “unthinkability” and argues instead for a reconsideration, through a strategically presentist postcolonial literary studies, of the present’s relationship to past and future.
Pyroptosis in host defence against bacterial infection
Authors: Brokatzky Dominik , Mostowy Serge 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Pyroptosis, a regulated form of pro-inflammatory cell death, is characterised by cell lysis and by the release of cytokines, damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns. It plays an important role during bacterial infection, where it can promote an inflammatory response and eliminate the replicative niche of intracellular pathogens. Recent work, using a variety of bacterial pathogens, has illuminated the versatility of pyroptosis, revealing unexpected and important concepts underlying host defence. In this Review, we overview the molecular mechanisms underlying pyroptosis and discuss their role in host defence, from the single cell to the whole organism. We focus on recent studies using three cellular microbiology paradigms – Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella Typhimurium and Shigella flexneri – that have transformed the field of pyroptosis. We compare insights discovered in tissue culture, zebrafish and mouse models, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of using these complementary infection models to investigate pyroptosis and for modelling human infection. Moving forward, we propose that in-depth knowledge of pyroptosis obtained from complementary infection models can better inform future studies using higher vertebrates, including humans, and help develop innovative host-directed therapies to combat bacterial infection.
Glenohumeral Joint Dislocation Classification: Literature Review and Suggestion for a New Subtype
Authors: Hill Brian , Khodaee Morteza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Glenohumeral joint (GHJ) dislocation is a relatively common injury. Anterior GHJ dislocations are divided into subcoracoid, subglenoid, subclavicular, and intrathoracic subtypes. The aim of this article is to review current GHJ dislocation classification and briefly discuss management of each type. Discrepancies and inaccuracies exist in regard to GHJ dislocation classification. We suggest adding a new subtype, “paraglenoid,” to improve the current GHJ dislocation classification system. The paraglenoid subtype describes a portion of the subcoracoid anterior GHJ dislocation. GHJ dislocation is most often caused by force applied to the arm during a fall but also can be due to direct impact to the shoulder. Physical examination often reveals classic deformities, and thorough neurovascular examination is crucial. Radiographs should be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess for associated bony injuries. Numerous reduction techniques are described in the literature, with chosen method dependent on patient factors, provider experience, and GHJ dislocation type.
Self-reported oral hygiene habits and gingival bleeding in women with breast cancer: evidence from an observational and prospective study
Authors: Marinho Pabliane Matias Lordelo , Lima Ricardo Barbosa , Santos José Cleyton De Oliveira , Santos Dayane Ketlyn Da Cunha , Silva Glebson Moura , Kameo Simone Yuriko , Sawada Namie Okino 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: to describe and examine oral hygiene habits and self-reported gingival bleeding in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: in an observational and prospective study, 140 women were evaluated during chemotherapy between 2017 and 2019. Results and Conclusion: more than 40% of participants reported gingival bleeding at some point during chemotherapy. Flossing was unsatisfactory at baseline and in the intermediate cycle as well as did not affect self-reported gingival bleeding. The amount of tooth brushing per day was a predictor of self-reported gingival bleeding at the end of chemotherapy.
ADVERSE FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH BENIGN DYSTROPHIC DISEASES OF THE VULVA
Authors: Porsokhonova Delya F. , Yakubovich Andrey I. , Rakhmatullaeva Sevara N. , Rosstalnaya Marianna L. , Kaliagin Alexey N. 
Published: July 2022

Aim – to present the results of clinical and anamnestic observation, microbiological study of the microflora of the urogenital tract of women with benign dystrophic diseases of the vulva (DVD).
Materials and methods. We examined 88 women with verified benign DVA aged 18 to 68 years. Using the clinical-anamestic method, social, household, medical factors that may be associated with the course and outcome of DVA were studied, and the spectrum of the most common pathogens was analyzed.
Results. In addition to a number of social, domestic and medical reasons that may have an impact on the occurrence and course of DZV, the authors found that among the examined patients, an average of 2.2 years passed from the moment of the first signs of the disease to the first visit, while according to the literature data, this indicator averages 1.7 years. It was also established that the most common pathogens in DVD were Ureaplasma urealyticum (33%), HPV type 16/18 (24%) and Candida albicans (61%), Gardnerella vaginalis (28%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (44%), which may indicate both their starting and aggravating role in the origin of dystrophy.
Conclusion. These studies show late seeking medical help among a significant part of the surveyed (50%), which is partly due to shyness due to the intimate nature of the disease (66%), as well as an inattentive attitude to pathology (47%). The most common microorganisms in dystrophic diseases of the genitals were Ureaplasma urealyticum (33%), HPV type 16/18 (24%) and Candida albicans (61%), Gardnerella vaginalis (28%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (44%).
RELATIONSHIP OF CHANGES IN HEMATOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD WITH THE TRANSFERRIN CONCENTRATION AND CD71+ LYMPHOCYTE COUNT
Authors: Patrakeeva Veronika V. , Dobrodeeva Liliya K. , Geshavec Natal’ya P. 
Published: July 2022

Transferrin is an essential component of cell growth and metabolic processes that require iron. An increase in the expression of transferrin receptors on lymphocytes ensures their differentiation, maturation and activation of proliferation. It was of interest to study the relationship between the level of transferrin in the peripheral blood and the level of lymphocytes with the receptor to it.
Purpose. To determine the nature of changes in hematological and biochemical parameters of peripheral blood based on the concentration of transferrin and the count of lymphocytes expressing the transferrin receptor CD71+.
Materials and methods. a survey of 100 people aged 20 to 40 years living in the city of Arkhangelsk was carried out. Leukograms were carried out using a XS-1000i hematology analyzer (Sysmex). Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure cytokine concentrations. CD71 lymphocyte counts were carried out by flow cytometry (Epixs XL). A biochemical analyzer (STAT FAX 3300) was used to measure biochemical blood parameters. Analyses of the number of lymphocytes expressing the transferrin receptor and the concentration of transferrin in the blood serum were performed. The number of CD71+ lymphocytes within the physiological norm (less than 0.3 × 109 cells/L) and those with increased CD71+ levels (more than 0.5 × 109 cells/L) was identified. Within each group, subgroups with a normal and high transferrin content were identified.
Results. It was found that an increase in the concentration of transferrin in the blood is associated with a decrease in the circulation of lymphocytes with the CD71+ receptor and a decrease in the coefficient of transferrin saturation with iron. This situation may be associated with an increased risk of secondary immunodeficiency. Against the background of increased concentrations of transferrin and an increase in the circulation of CD71+ lymphocytes, the concentration of lactate increases, which reflects an increase in the processes of tissue hypoxia.
Conclusion. High concentrations of transferrin in the peripheral blood against the background of a decrease in the saturation of transferrin with iron and an increase in tissue hypoxia increase the risk of developing chronic inflammatory processes and may be associated with the formation of secondary immunodeficiency.
Emergency department visits following total joint arthroplasty: do revisions present a higher burden?
Authors: Singh Vivek , Anil Utkarsh , Kurapatti Mark , Robin Joseph X. , Schwarzkopf Ran , Rozell Joshua C. 
Published: July 2022

Aims Although readmission has historically been of primary interest, emergency department (ED) visits are increasingly a point of focus and can serve as a potentially unnecessary gateway to readmission. This study aims to analyze the difference between primary and revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA) cases in terms of the rate and reasons associated with 90-day ED visits. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent TJA from 2011 to 2021 at a single, large, tertiary urban institution. Patients were separated into two cohorts based on whether they underwent primary or revision TJA (rTJA). Outcomes of interest included ED visit within 90-days of surgery, as well as reasons for ED visit and readmission rate. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to compare the two groups while accounting for all statistically significant demographic variables. Results Overall, 28,033 patients were included, of whom 24,930 (89%) underwent primary and 3,103 (11%) underwent rTJA. The overall rate of 90-day ED visits was significantly lower for patients who underwent primary TJA in comparison to those who underwent rTJA (3.9% vs 7.0%; p < 0.001). Among those who presented to the ED, the readmission rate was statistically lower for patients who underwent primary TJA compared to rTJA (23.5% vs 32.1%; p < 0.001). Conclusion ED visits present a significant burden to the healthcare system. Patients who undergo rTJA are more likely to present to the ED within 90 days following surgery compared to primary TJA patients. However, among patients in both cohorts who visited the ED, three-quarters did not require readmission. Future efforts should aim to develop cost-effective and patient-centred interventions that can aid in reducing preventable ED visits following TJA. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(7):543–548.