bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and outcomes of preoperatively treated patients with anaplastic Wilms tumors registered in the UK SIOP‐WT‐2001 and IMPORT study cohorts (2002‐2020)
Authors: Vujanić Gordan M. , Mifsud William , Chowdhury Tanzina , Al‐Saadi Reem , Pritchard‐Jones Kathy ,   for the Renal Tumour Special Interest Group of the Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSince the International Society of Paediatric Oncology Wilms' Tumour 2001 (SIOP‐WT‐2001) study, focal anaplastic Wilms tumors (FAWTs) have been treated as intermediate‐risk Wilms tumors (WTs), and diffuse anaplastic Wilms tumors (DAWTs) have been treated as high‐risk tumors.MethodsThe authors performed a retrospective analysis of preoperatively treated patients with FAWT or DAWT recruited in 2 consecutive UK Children's Cancer and Leukaemia Group WT studies.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐one of 1237 patients (10%) had an anaplastic WT confirmed by central pathology review (CPR): 93 (77%) had DAWT, and 28 (23%) had FAWT. The 4‐year event‐free survival (EFS) was 51% (95% confidence interval [CI], 41%‐63%) for DAWT, 88% (95% CI, 76%‐100%) for FAWT, and 84% (95% CI, 82%‐87%) for intermediate‐risk nonanaplastic Wilms tumor (IR‐non‐AWT). Overall survival (OS) was 58% (95% CI, 48%‐70%) for DAWT, 95% (95% CI, 86%‐100%) for FAWT, and 95% (95% CI, 93%‐96%) for IR‐non‐AWT. In a multivariate analysis, the presence of DAWT was a significant prognostic factor for both EFS and OS in stages II, III, and IV. In a multivariate analysis of unilateral DAWT, stages III and IV remained the only significant prognostic factors for both EFS and OS. In 28% of the cases, there were discrepancies affecting the recognition of anaplasia, classification (DAWT vs FAWT), or the local pathologic stage.ConclusionsPreoperatively treated patients with FAWT had excellent outcomes in comparison with those with identically treated IR‐non‐AWT, whereas patients with DAWT showed significantly worse outcomes. All patients with stage I disease had comparable good outcomes, regardless of the presence/absence of anaplasia. In contrast, the presence of DAWT was associated with significantly worse outcomes for patients with stage II to V disease. Finally, significant diagnostic discrepancies emphasize the value of CPR.Lay Summary

Anaplasia is an unfavorable feature in Wilms tumor (WT), and it is classified as focal (focal anaplastic Wilms tumor [FAWT]) or diffuse (diffuse anaplastic Wilms tumor [DAWT]).

This study reports the outcomes of patients with FAWT and DAWT who were, for the first time, treated differently.

Patients with FAWT received less intensive treatment, and their outcomes were comparable to the outcomes of patients with identically treated nonanaplastic WT.

Patients with stage I DAWT also had good outcomes when they were treated without radiotherapy, whereas patients with stage II to V DAWT had poor outcomes despite more intensive treatment.
Hybrid optimization‐based privacy preservation of database publishing in cloud environment
Authors: Solomon Doss Kingsleen , Kamalakkannan Somasundaram 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work intends to introduce an optimization‐based privacy preservation model via selecting the optimal key matrix. Here, privacy preservation is carried out under two processes, namely, “data sanitization and restoration.” In fact, data sanitization is the data preservation method, where the data (message) are preserved using the optimal key. Similarly, data restoration is the inverse procedure of sanitization. Here, the key matrix is optimally chosen using a novel hybrid algorithm. For optimization purpose, this work deploys a hybrid optimization approach known as random‐based grey dragon algorithm (R‐GDA) that involves the concepts of both “dragonfly algorithm (DA) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm.” The novelty of the work is introduced in hybrid optimization approach R‐GDA. Eventually, the supremacy of the adopted method is validated over other existing approaches in terms of various measures such as privacy, utility, and so on. The privacy preservation in the cloud is achievable in the field of education, banking sector, military, and the research community.
Integration of dilated convolution with residual dense block network and multi‐level feature detection network for cassava plant leaf disease identification
Authors: C. R Dhivyaa , Kandasamy Nithya , Rajendran Sudhakar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, many countries prolonged their research in the field of agricultural farming for yielding more quantity food products with good quality. Agricultural farming is closely related to every country's economy in significant way. To improve the grain productivity in a notable way, plants must be protected from various viral, fungal, and bacterial diseases. The timely identification of plant disease helps to protect the plant at the early stage of the disease else it will spoil the entire plant. In this article, the plant disease identification problem is handled using our novel proposed network where it combines dilated convolution with residual dense block (DCRDB) along with multi‐level feature detection (MLFD) for selecting the appropriate feature and bidirectional long short‐term memory (Bi‐LSTM) classifier for leaf disease prediction. In DCRDB, the dilated convolution derives larger receptive field without loss of resolution to extract greater number of local features from the leaf images and residual dense block expands the size of feature map by densely connecting the layers of convolution. In addition, MLFD network integrates the high‐level features with the resulted features of DCRDB. After feature extraction, Bi‐LSTM is employed to recognize the leaf disease which supports additional training in both forward and backward direction. Through a set of collected cassava leaf images our research carries forward. The proposed model accuracy is verified with three different datasets such as cassava disease classification dataset, self‐made cassava disease dataset and plant village dataset. The performance of the proposed model is compared with some existing methods. Experimental results show that the highest F1‐score value of 95.49% attained by our proposed model for identifying cassava leaf disease.
Active MMP‐8 point‐of‐care (PoC)/chairside enzyme‐test as an adjunctive tool for early and real‐time diagnosis of peri‐implantitis
Authors: Lähteenmäki Hanna , Tervahartiala Taina , Räisänen Ismo T. , Pärnänen Pirjo , Mauramo Matti , Gupta Shipra , Sampson Victoria , Rathnayake Nilminie , Heikkinen Anna‐Maria , Alassiri Saeed , Gieselmann Dirk‐Rolf , Frankenberger Roland , Sorsa Timo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the utility of the active matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP‐8)‐point‐of‐care (PoC) test as a quantitative real‐time chair‐side diagnostic tool for peri‐implant diagnosis, as well as assess the potentially developing and ongoing risk relative to the traditional clinical methods.BackgroundCurrent peri‐implant and periodontal disease diagnoses rely on clinical and radiological examinations. This case‐control study investigated the applicability of aMMP‐8‐PoC immunotest for quantitative real‐time diagnosis and monitoring of dental implants in health and disease.MethodsSixty‐eight patients visiting a specialist clinic for maintenance following dental implant placement underwent assessment of their peri‐implant health. aMMP‐8‐PoC peri‐implant sulcular fluid (PISF) lateral‐flow immunotests were performed using ImplantSafe® technology quantitated by ORALyzer®. In addition, the PISF samples were analyzed for total MMP‐8, calprotectin, and interleukin (IL)‐6 by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), aMMP‐8 by western immunoblot, and MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 by gelatin zymography.ResultsThe aMMP‐8‐PoC test promptly recorded and reflected peri‐implant disease, differentiating it clearly from health. X‐ray findings (bone loss > 2 mm), peri‐implant pocket depth ≥ 3 mm, and bleeding on probing were significantly more prevalent among implants positive for the aMMP‐8‐PoC test. aMMP‐8/ORALyzer analysis was more precise in recording disease than total MMP‐8, calprotectin, IL‐6, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9.ConclusionsThe aMMP‐8‐PoC test can be conveniently implemented to alert for and detect active collagenolysis affecting peri‐implant tissues, both in the early and advanced stages of the disease. Active and fragmented MMP‐8 exhibits a strong and significant association with peri‐implantitis as compared to total MMP‐8 and other biomarkers and can be utilized as the POC/chairside biomarker of choice in the new classification of peri‐implantitis.
Components of Soil Carbon Accounting
Authors: Bagnall Dianna K. , Morgan Cristine L. S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is an incredible amount of interest in soil carbon (C) markets, but are there ways for CCAs to engage in them? How can we make sense of the bewildering number of opportunities? The goal of this article is to clarify components of soil C markets and soil C accounting and to outline practical avenues that CCAs interested in getting involved may consider. The Assessing Soil Health Series is part of a larger Soil Science Society of America webinar series produced in partnership with The Soil Health Institute and sponsored by The Walton Family Foundation. Earn 1 CEU in Soil & Water Management by reading the article and taking the quiz at https://bit.ly/3tOxzuE. View all CEUs online at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
A non‐isolated switched inductor‐capacitor cell based multiple high voltage gain DC‐DC boost converter
Authors: Padala Lakshmi Santosh Kumar Reddy , Yeddula Pedda Obulesu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a non‐isolated switched inductor cell integrated high step‐up voltage gain DC‐DC converter with a charge pump mechanism is discussed. The continuous conduction mode of the input current is a beneficial aspect of this converter, which is appropriate for electric vehicles, renewable energy, and LED applications. The proposed converter works in two distinct operating modes and provides a flexible range of voltage gain ratios. The performance and small‐signal modeling of the converter in continuous conduction mode are extensively investigated, and voltage gain calculations for the two operational modes are derived. The Markov technique is used to evaluate the converter reliability, component failure rates, and mean time to failures. The proposed converter is evaluated with the existing converters in terms of voltage, and current stress of each component, voltage gain, total component stress factor, component count, and reliability. The proposed converter's hardware prototype has been developed. To validate the theoretical calculations, the converter's simulation and experimental results are discussed. The converter has a maximum output voltage of 110 V and a switching frequency of 50 kHz. The converter's peak efficiency is 94.5%.
RT‐CGM in conjunction with CSII vs MDI in optimizing glycaemic control in T1DM: Systemic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: William Jimmy , McCluskey Jane , Gleeson Nigel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo determine the impact of real‐time continuous glucose monitoring (RT‐CGM) in conjunction with ‘Open loop’‐ continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) as compared to conventional multiple daily injections (MDI) in type 1 diabetes.MethodsWe explored the COCHRANE database, MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE, GOOGLE SCHOLARS, PUBMED, EMBASE, and cited literature in articles retrieved (2010–2021) for all randomized controlled trials and real‐world trials of more than 6 months duration in patients with type 1 diabetes that compared RT‐CGM+CSII vs RT‐ CGM+MDI. A total of 1645 publications have been identified; however, only 3 trials fulfilled our inclusion criteria with a total number of 150 patients (72 patients using RT‐CGM+CSII and 78 patients on RT‐CGM+MDI). A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis were carried out.ResultsNo statistically significant reduction in HbA1c was found on comparing RT‐CGM+CSII vs RT‐ CGM + MDI, with p‐value = .75. Likewise, impact on TIR, weight and insulin usage was found to be statistically insignificant with p‐value of 0.15, 0.75 and 0.20 respectively. There was an overall homogeneity between the 3 trials in respect to all previous variables with I2 being 0%.ConclusionsReal‐time continuous glucose monitors in conjunction with MDI open‐loop CSII had a similar impact on HbA1c, weight, insulin usage and TIR. In addition, RT‐CGM when combined with CSII was associated with higher costs and reduced quality of life, hence RT‐ CGM+MDI can be considered as a cheaper, safer yet equivalent substitute.Review RegistrationThis study was registered in PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews). Registration Name: RT‐CGM in conjunction with CSII vs MDI in optimizing glycaemic control in T1DM: a systematic review. Registration No: CRD42021255333. Accessible at: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021255333. Amendments: Few amendments to the above‐mentioned registration were made: (1) Title (Meta‐analysis was added). (2) Prof. Gleeson was added as an author. (3) Real‐world trials were included. (4) Outcomes required in studies as per our inclusion criteria amended to include at least 1 outcome. (5) Bias risk was assessed by the CASP tool.
Egyptian expert opinion for the use of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Abdelhamid Magdy , Kandil Hossam , Hassanin Mahmoud , Shaheen Sameh , Sobhy Mohamed , ElEtreby Adel , Hasan‐Ali Hosam , Mahfouz Hala , Nasr Gamila , Shawky Islam , Emil Sameh , ElSetiha Mohamed , Hasssan Mohamed , Sadek Yasser , Karim Mohamed Abdelghany , Asham Ayman , Ghaleb Mohamed , Samir Ahmad , Shokry Khaled 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) in patients with type 2 diabetes reduces the risk of serious heart failure events, specifically the risk of hospitalization for heart failure, and cardiovascular death. The benefit is most apparent in patients with a heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Dapagliflozin and empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalizations for heart failure in patients with established HFrEF, including those without diabetes. Considering the magnitude of the problem and the expected benefit on the target population, an Egyptian consensus document was conducted to demonstrate the importance of and the critical knowledge needed for effective and safe implementation of SGLT2i in the daily practice for the management of patients with HFrEF.
Cu‐doped Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3‐δ for electrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide via a 2‐electron oxygen reduction reaction1
Authors: Venkatesan Senthil Velan , Mostaghimi Amir Hassan Bagherzadeh , Thangadurai Venkataraman , Siahrostami Samira 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectrochemical synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via a two‐electron (2e–) oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has emerged as a sustainable synthesis route compared to the anthraquinone oxidation synthesis process. Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe(1‐x)CuxO3‐δ perovskite is a particularly interesting electrocatalyst for ORR applications owing to its doping flexibility. In this study, we use experimental and computation approaches to study Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3‐δ with and without copper doping at the B‐site for 2e– ORR. Our electrochemical measurements in oxygen‐saturated alkaline solution show that the selectivity of perovskite electrocatalyst increases from 30% to 65% with (0.05) copper doping in the B‐site and the onset potential is decreased. Density functional theory calculations are used to unravel the role of copper in driving high activity and selectivity toward 2e– ORR. Site‐specific engineering of Ba0.5Sr0.5FeO3‐δ by copper doping in the B‐site exposed unique adsorption sites with improved activity and selectivity for H2O2 formation.
Variational coupling of non‐matching discretizations across finitely deforming fluid–structure interfaces
Authors: Kang Soonpil , Kwack JaeHyuk , Masud Arif 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a stabilized monolithic method for coupling incompressible viscous fluids with finitely deforming elastic solids across non‐matching interfacial meshes. Governing equations for the solid are written in the finite deformation Lagrangian frame using velocity field as the primary unknown, while the governing equations for the fluid are written in an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) frame to accommodate large motions of the fluid–solid interfaces. Interface coupling terms are derived by embedding Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) ideas in the Variational Multiscale (VMS) framework and locally resolving the fine‐scale variational equations from the fluid and the solid subdomains along the common interface. The unique attribute of the proposed Variational Multiscale Discontinuous Galerkin (VMDG) method is a systematic procedure for deriving analytical expression for the traction Lagrange multiplier at the fluid–solid interface. The structure of the interface stabilization tensor emerges naturally and is shown to be a function of the boundary operators that are associated with the domain interior operators from the fluid and the solid subdomains. The derived stabilization tensor possesses the features of area‐averaging and stress‐averaging and evolves spatially and temporally with the evolving nonlinear fields at the interface. An analysis of the mathematical properties of the interface stabilization tensor is presented and subsequently verified numerically. The method is implemented using four‐node tetrahedral elements for the fluid as well as the solid subdomains while employing equal‐order interpolations for the various interacting fields. Benchmark problems are presented for the verification of the method for finitely deforming fluid–structure interfaces.
An intelligent fuzzy inference rule‐based expert recommendation system for predictive diabetes diagnosis
Authors: Nagaraj Palanigurupackiam , Deepalakshmi Perumalsamy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common and hazardous diseases, which can affect almost every organ in the body. Diagnosis of diabetes requires determining all vital parameters related to the disease. However, the nature of the data from those parameters is very uncertain, affecting the process of disease diagnosis. This article proposes an intelligent fuzzy inference rule‐based predictive diabetes diagnosis model (IFIR_PDDM), providing content recommendations to patients with diabetes. The suggested model employs an inference technique that medical specialists have validated for recommendations. IFIR_PDDM comprises three elements used to forecast the risk of diabetes disease. Initially, a fuzzy membership function utilizes medical recommendations and statistical methodologies. Medical specialists then validate the mining‐based rules using a decision tree rule induction technique. The proposed model predicts the risk of diabetes disease using fuzzy inference based on Mamdani's technique. Based on this information, the recommendations for a normal life, nutrition, exercise, and medications are given to patients. We used an electronic health record (EHR) medical and clinical dataset from the PIMA Indian Diabetes dataset to develop our proposed model and assess its performance. The proposed model takes less time for diabetes diagnosis, and the expert recommendation system uses the fuzzy inference method.
A novel threshold score based multiclass segmentation technique for brain magnetic resonance images using adaptive opposition slime mold algorithm
Authors: Naik Manoj Kumar , Panda Rutuparna , Samantaray Leena , Abraham Ajith 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClinicians can detect diseases early, thanks to the digital image processing methodologies, which improve health together with the treatment experience. The technology of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently employed in the brain, research for any kind of related illness. The brain MR image requires precise automated thresholding for a meaningful representation to aid doctors, because of its different modalities and complexity. The majority of the threshold selection strategies are based on entropy. However, these strategies are limited by their reliance on the spatial distribution of gray values. There is also a pressing need to develop a thresholding technique that is independent of the spatial distribution, making it more suitable for a variety of modalities and complexity, such as the brain MR images. A novel non‐entropic maximizing objective function for the multilevel thresholding approach using a threshold score (TS) is presented in this paper, to address these concerns. An evolutionary TS‐AOSMA approach, using the optimizer called adaptive opposition slime mold algorithm (AOSMA), is suggested to lower the computational cost of TS‐based multiclass segmentation, which is a novel idea. The proposed approach is evaluated on T2‐weighted brain MR imaging slices from Harvard Medical School's whole brain atlas dataset. When compared to the state‐of‐the‐art Kapur's, Tsallis, and Masi entropy‐based technologies, the proposed scheme offered better quantitative and qualitative outcomes. The recommended strategies may be useful in medical image analysis.
Application of the ecosystem services concept in stakeholder communication—Results of a workshop including a planning game at the Lower Mulde River (Dessau‐Roßlau, Germany)
Authors: Gapinski Cedric M. , Vollheyde Anna‐Lena , von Haaren Christina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe concept of ecosystem services (ES) is a powerful tool for communicating with stakeholders because it highlights the benefits of ecosystems for people and demonstrates their economic importance through monetized values. However, this hypothesis has rarely been substantiated in the context of local landscape planning. To investigate which ecosystem services information formats (ESIF) stakeholders prefer in decision situations, we experimented with a highly conflictual planning situation about the Lower Mulde restoration in Germany. We invited local stakeholders to a so‐called ‘future vision workshop’. It included a paper‐based, noncompetitive planning game, which combined the freedom of choice with strict rules for justifying the proposed measures. We tested how often participants used different ESIFs to justify their decisions, focusing on quantification, monetization, and the default qualitative (ordinal‐scaled) format applied in landscape planning. A total of 17 representatives from stakeholder groups such as nature conservation, recreation, and local politics attended. We provided information on four ES and eight related measure proposals to the stakeholders, who used them to select, locate, and justify actions for the area's future development. The participants applied the ordinal‐qualitative format in more than two‐thirds of the decisions. Quantification and monetization were used with approximately equal frequency, mostly for measures that favoured flood risk regulation. Actions supporting habitat provision and biodiversity were justified exclusively in ordinal‐qualitative terms. Instead of our provided quantifications, some participants mentioned numbers they were already familiar with before. They also partly doubted our monetization approaches. In conclusion, we recommend combined and context‐specific uses of several ESIFs, while using the ordinal‐qualitative format as the basis. Furthermore, the participants appreciated the workshop and requested that the results be presented to the city council. The workshop also confirmed that the ES concept is challenging to understand, especially for laypeople unfamiliar with ES and landscape planning.