bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Realization of Dynamic and Hybrid Multiplexed Holography via Light‐Activated Chiral Superstructures
Authors: Chen Peng , Shen Zhi‐Xiong , Xu Chun‐Ting , Zhang Yi‐Heng , Ge Shi‐Jun , Ma Ling‐Ling , Hu Wei , Lu Yan‐Qing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs a well‐recognized technology for optical data encoding and extracting, holography has faced an ever‐growing pursuit in the miniaturization, multifunctionality, and tunability for today's abundant information. Despite infusive achievements in metahologram, simultaneous realization of dynamic tunability and high‐dimensional multiplexing is critical yet lagging behind, which becomes one bottleneck for this emerging frontier. Here, an innovative solution is proposed by integrating the limited penetration depth of light in chiral liquid crystals and their intrinsic stimuli‐responsive characteristics. Based on a photoactive chiral dopant and the asymmetric photopatterning boundary confined self‐organization, light‐activated spectrally tunable, polarization‐ and direction‐dependent holograms are created simultaneously. As a promising example for information technology, an encrypted signal light is demonstrated, where the wavelength, propagation direction, helicity of light, and reaction duration serve as customized keys for information decryption. This work extends the construction of soft hierarchical superstructures and offers a satisfactory and open‐ended scheme for the intelligent holography, inspiring advanced display, security, and communication.
Tailoring Microstructure and Morphology via Sequential Fluorination to Enhance the Photovoltaic Performance of Low‐Cost Polymer Donors for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Kini Gururaj P. , Han Yong Woon , Jeon Sung Jae , Lee Eui Jin , Lee Yoon Jae , Goh Munju , Moon Doo Kyung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor utilizing organic solar cells (OSCs) for commercial applications, reducing the overall cost of the photo absorbent materials is also very crucial. Herein, such a challenge is addressed by synergistically controlling the amount of fluorine (F)‐substituents (n = 2, 4) on a low‐cost wide‐bandgap molecular design involving alternate fluorinated‐thienyl benzodithiophene donor and 2,5‐difluoro benzene (2FBn) or 2,3,5,6 tetrafluorobenzene (4FBn) to form two new polymer donors PBDT‐2FBn and PBDT‐4FBn, respectively. As expected, sequential fluorination causes a lowering of the frontier energy levels and planarization of polymer backbone via F···S and C‐H···F noncovalent molecular locks, which results in more pronounced molecular packing and enhanced crystallinity from PBDT‐2FBn to PBDT‐4FBn. By mixing with IT‐4F acceptor, PBDT‐2FBn:IT‐4F‐based blend demonstrates favorable molecular orientation with shorter π–π stacking distance, higher carrier mobilities and desirable nanoscale morphology, hence delivering a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.3% than PBDT‐2FBn:IT‐4F counterpart (8.6%). Furthermore, pairing PBDT‐2FBn with BTP‐BO‐4Cl acceptor further improved absorption range and promoted privileged morphology for efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport, resulting in further improvement of PCE to 10.2% with remarkably low energy loss of 0.46 eV. Consequently, this study provides valuable guidelines for designing efficient and low‐cost polymer donors for OSC applications.
Recent advances and applications of off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy
Authors: Shao Ligang , Mei Jiaoxu , Chen Jiajin , Tan Tu , Wang Guishi , Liu Kun , Gao Xiaoming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA‐ICOS) represents a suitable solution in many applications with a simple structure and high sensitivity. The off‐axis configuration allows the continuous spectrum output without cavity mode structure when a continuous wave laser is used while preserving the optical resonator's ability to enhance the optical path by tens of thousands of times. This review summarizes the recent advances and applications of OA‐ICOS in recent decades. The evolutionary process and basic principle of OA‐ICOS are introduced. Various approaches for improving the technical performance and enabling simultaneous multigas measurement are reported. Finally, the various field applications of OA‐ICOS technology and the potential development directions are discussed.
Modeling of Pretreatment and Combined Alkaline and Enzymatic Hydrolyses of Blue Agave Bagasse in Corotating Twin‐Screw Extruders
Authors: Morales‐Huerta Juan Carlos , Hernández‐Meléndez Oscar , Garcés‐Sandoval Fernando Iván , Montiel Carmina , Hernández‐Luna Martín Guillermo , Manero Octavio , Bárzana Eduardo , Vivaldo‐Lima Eduardo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA recently developed model for pretreatment and acid or alkaline hydrolyses of lignocellulosic biomasses, including blue agave bagasse (BAB), in twin‐screw corotating extruders is extended to the case where enzymes are incorporated into the formulation. The model describes the deconstruction and degradation of BAB, as well as the production of simple sugars at the end of the extrusion process. Experiments using NaOH for delignification and alkaline hydrolysis of BAB, H3PO4 for neutralization, and different enzymatic cocktails for bioextrusion are reported. The effects of temperature, NaOH concentration, enzymatic cocktail used and its concentration, residence time, and configuration of screw elements on degree of degradation and production of sugars are assessed. It turned out that temperature, NaOH concentration, and enzymatic cocktails are the key factors in the extraction and hydrolysis of hemicellulose (H) and cellulose (C) to produce glucose (G). Good agreement between experimental data and model predictions is observed.
Effective velocity of reflected wave in rock mass with different wave impedances of normal incidence of stress wave
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Wu Chengqing , Fan Lifeng , Wang Meng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effective velocity of the reflected wave in rock mass is of significance to the detection of crustal structure and the geophysical seismic exploration. In this paper, the modified characteristic method was introduced to solve P‐wave reflection in rock mass with different wave impedances on two sides of the joint. Effective velocity was defined to characterize the propagation velocity of the reflected wave in jointed rock mass. The effects of incident frequency, joint stiffness and wave impedance ratio on the effective velocity were discussed. The results show that when the stress wave propagation in "hard‐to‐soft" rock mass, the effective velocity increases firstly and then decreases as the incident frequency and the joint stiffness increase, while the effective velocity always decreases as the wave impedance ratio increases; when the stress wave propagation in "soft‐to‐hard" rock mass, the effective velocity decreases as the incident frequency increases, increases as the joint stiffness increases and decreases as the wave impedance ratio increases. The wave impedance ratio has an important influence on the effective velocity. The effective velocity without considering wave impedance ratio is smaller than that of stress wave propagation in "soft‐to‐hard" rock mass, but larger than that of stress wave propagation in "hard‐to‐soft" rock mass.
The perils of a bureaucratic fad in Africa: Examining the effects of the agencification of the state apparatus in Gabon
Authors: Ofoulhast‐Othamot Gyldas A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe paradigmatic ascent of the new public management (NPM) doctrine in the 1980s was a joyful moment for advocates of market‐led public sector reforms. Four decades later, following disappointing results, the NPM is no longer dominant. Pending the emergence of a new leading paradigm, however, NPM‐inspired reforms are still being pursued in several nations worldwide. The central African nation of Gabon is one of those. For 8 years, it pursued an unsuccessful program of agencification of the state apparatus reportedly to create a “modern” public bureaucracy that would support economic modernization. This article provides the first scholarly analysis of the effects of this program. It shows that agencification fundamentally undermined the fragile foundations of the Gabonese administrative state. The magnitude of the damage to the state apparatus stands as the key finding of this study. This outcome further strengthens the case against an uncritical adoption of exogenously‐developed public sector reforms.
Validation of actinic keratosis diagnosis and treatment codes among veterans living with HIV
Authors: Supapannachart Krittin J. , Kwon Chase W. , Tushe Sokol , Guest Jodie L. , Chen Suephy C. , Yeung Howa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeActinic keratoses (AK) diagnosis, billing, and pharmacy codes have not been validated among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), preventing use in epidemiologic and clinical research. We aimed to calculate the positive predictive value (PPV) of AK diagnosis codes, procedural codes for destruction of pre‐malignant lesions, and pharmacy codes for topical 5‐fluorouracil.MethodsPatients diagnosed with HIV within the Infectious Disease clinic at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center from 1/1/2002 to 8/5/2017 were eligible. Patients were included if they had any of the following: encounters with a diagnosis for AK (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]‐9: 702.0; ICD‐10: L57.0), procedural codes for destruction of premalignant lesions (Current Procedural Terminology [CPT]: 17000, 17003, and 17004), and prescriptions for topical 5‐fluorouracil. PPV and binomial 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsPPV was 91.9% (89.1–94.7) for 369 encounters with an AK diagnosis. For procedural codes, PPV was 52.6% (48.1–57.2) for 454 encounters with destruction of 1 pre‐malignant lesion, 63.7% (58.4–68.9) for 322 encounters with destruction of 2–14 lesions, and 57.7% (38.7–76.7) for 26 encounters with destruction of 15+ lesions. PPV was 72.9% (63.5–82.4) for 85 encounters with a prescription of topical 5‐fluorouracil.ConclusionAK diagnosis codes are appropriate to use in epidemiologic and health policy research among people living with HIV and may be more reliable than destruction of pre‐malignant lesion CPT codes.
Comparative proteomics analysis of human stem cells from dental gingival and periodontal ligament
Authors: Lei Tong , Wang Jian , Liu Yanyan , Zhang Xiaoshuang , Du Hongwu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDental stem cells isolated from oral tissues have been shown to provide with high proliferation ability and multilineage differentiation potential. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), kinds of dental stem cells, can be used as substitutes for tissue repair materials because of their similar regenerative functions. In this study, we aim to explore the similarities and differences between the protein profiles of GMSCs and PDLSCs through quantitative proteomics. A total of 2821 proteins were identified and retrieved, of which 271 were upregulated and 57 were downregulated in GMSCs compared to PDLSCs. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis demonstrated that the 328 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were involved in the regulation of gene expression, metabolism, and signal transduction in biological process, mainly distributed in organelles related to vesicle transport, and involved in the molecular function of binding protein. And Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the DAPs were committed to regulating the synthesis of proteasome and spliceosome. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) results showed that ARPC1B, PDAP1, and SEC61B can be used as special markers to distinguish GMSCs from PDLSCs. This research contributes to explaining the molecular mechanism and promoting the clinical application of tissue regeneration of GMSCs and PDLSCs.
The role of ATP in solubilizing RNA‐binding protein fused in sarcoma
Authors: Aida Hayato , Shigeta Yasuteru , Harada Ryuhei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntrinsically disordered protein (IDP) plays an important role in liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). RNA‐binding protein fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a well‐studied IDP that induces LLPS since its low‐complexity core region (FUS‐LC‐core) is essential for droplet formation through contacts between FUS‐LC‐cores. Several experimental studies have reported that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations modulate LLPS‐driven droplet formation through the dissolution of FUS. To elucidate the role of ATP in this dissolution, microsecond‐order all‐atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for a crowded system of FUS‐LC‐cores in the presence of multiple ATP molecules. Our analysis revealed that the adenine group of ATP frequently contacted the FUS‐LC‐core, and the phosphoric acid group of ATP was exposed to the external solvent, which promoted both hydration and solubilization of FUS.
Strain effects on the structural, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of Si2SeS monolayer with puckered honeycomb structure: A first‐principles study
Authors: Ait tamerd Mohamed , Zanouni Mohamed , Nid‐bahami Abdelaziz , Diani Mustapha , Marjaoui Adil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the first‐principles calculations based on the Density Functional Theory (DFT) have been used to study the effect of strain on the structural, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of the puckered Si2SeS monolayer. Our calculations show that the puckered Si2SeS monolayer has an indirect band gap of 1.30 eV at the equilibrium state, which can be tuned by biaxial strain and the semiconductor–metal phase transition occurs at −10%. Interestingly, a high absorption coefficient exceeds 107 cm−1 in the visible light region under compression biaxial strain was predicted. The electronic Figure of merit (ZTe) of puckered Si2SeS monolayer reaches 2.55 under the tensile biaxial strain of +6%. The presented results show the promising potential of puckered Si2SeS monolayer for optoelectronic and energy conversion applications.
An efficient image steganography approach based on QR factorization and singular value decomposition in non‐subsampled contourlet transform domain
Authors: Yasmeen Fauzia , Uddin Mohammad Shorif 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs the amount of information communicated through the virtual world grows dramatically day by day, data security becomes a significant concern while communicating over the internet. Steganography can play an integral part in safeguarding the data from unauthorized users through a hiding mechanism. This article describes a three‐step steganographic algorithm. This algorithm applied QR factorization and singular value decomposition (SVD) in the non‐subsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) domain. First, this algorithm scrambles the secret image using Arnold transforms, and then NSCT decomposes the carrier and the scrambled hidden image into coefficient sub‐bands. Second, the QR factorization and SVD are used on the specific coefficients of carrier and scrambled secret images, respectively. Finally, the modified secret image inserts into the carrier image for communication. The reverse mechanism is applied to discover the hidden message at the receiving end. The methodology gives superior imperceptibility as well as robustness. Furthermore, the anticipated strategy is compared with current methods in terms of effectiveness.
Development of abacus for determining the rheological behavior of self‐compacting concrete
Authors: Benaicha Mouhcine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWidely used by architects and builders for its many qualities: strength, durability and also for its great adaptability to shapes, the self‐compacting concrete (SCC) remains a material of great future both for major infrastructure works and for quality architectural achievements. Currently, to measure the rheological properties of the fresh concrete (plastic viscosity μp and yield stress τ0), the widely adopted test is the “concrete rheometer.” However, the use of a rheometer on site is a very complex operation, because it is too expensive, and in addition, it requires a qualified person to move, handle or repair it. Hence, many laboratories use other empirical tests to predict the rheological behavior of concrete. Each of these tests characterizes only one of the two rheological parameters (μp or τ0) and depends on the operator. In several cases, these constraints lead to a false characterization of the concrete behavior. To remedy these problems, this work aims to develop another means of rheological characterization of SCCs. This test will represent total independence from the operator and will quantify both the plastic viscosity and the yield stress of the self‐compacting concrete. The proposed approach, verified both by experimental results and correlation studies, represents an economical and simple tool, that can be used efficiently on the building site, and it makes it possible to characterize the SCC rheology from its flow.
Artisans of Religion at the Moral Frontiers: Finnish Soldiers’ Religious Practices, Beliefs, and Attitudes in World War II
Authors: Kivimäki Ville 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe chapter studies the role of religion in Finnish soldiers’ everyday life during World War II. How did the soldiers engage with religious practices and beliefs in order to make sense of their experiences in the violent frontline conditions and what kind of religious attitudes did the soldiers have? Kivimäki analyzes the experiences of frontline fatalism, soldiers’ practices of constructing protective identities in a morally threatening environment, and finally the work of Lutheran military chaplains among the troops. The analysis reveals both similarities to other cultures of war and soldiering as well as specifically Finnish and Lutheran features. With the concept of religious artisanship, Kivimäki refers to soldiers’ active role in performing and doing religion at the frontlines.
From Lived Reality to a Cultural Script: Punishment Miracles as an Experience
Authors: Katajala-Peltomaa Sari 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this chapter the various levels of experience are scrutinized within the context of interaction with a saint, namely Saint Birgitta of Sweden. The focus lies on a case of a punishment miracle leading to demonic possession and eventually conversion to penance. The chapter combines the analysis of intimate sensorial elements, embodied enculturation, and a production of a cultural script scrutinizing how a model for experiencing was produced in the context of Vadstena Abbey’s miracle recording and later preaching.
The Trials of Sarah Wheeler (1807–1867): Experiencing Submission
Authors: Kaarninen Mervi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe protagonist of the chapter Sarah Wheeler, daughter of British Quaker family lived in Russia near St. Petersburg at the beginning of the 19th century until the year 1838. Using as a source material Sarah Wheeler’s correspondence the chapter analyses her spiritual life, her faith on the God and how she lived through her bereavements and how her emotions like sorrow and fear gradually evolved into an experience which gave a direction and security in his life. This is the first study in which the correspondence between Sarah Wheeler and Margaret Finlayson has been utilized.
The breakdown of resummed perturbation theory at high energies
Authors: Schenk Sebastian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Calculations of high-energy processes involving the production of a large number of particles in weakly-coupled quantum field theories have previously signaled the need for novel non-perturbative behavior or even new physical phenomena. In some scenarios, already tree-level computations may enter the regime of large-order perturbation theory and therefore require a careful investigation. We demonstrate that in scalar quantum field theories with a unique global minimum, where suitably resummed perturbative expansions are expected to capture all relevant physical effects, perturbation theory may still suffer from severe shortcomings in the high-energy regime. As an example, we consider the computation of multiparticle threshold amplitudes of the form 1 → n in φ6 theory with a positive mass term, and show that they may violate unitarity of the quantum theory for large n, even after the resummation of all leading-n quantum corrections. We further argue that this is a generic feature of scalar field theories with higher-order self-interactions beyond φ4, thereby rendering the latter unique with respect to its high-energy behavior.
Non-supersymmetric black holes with α′ corrections
Authors: Cano Pablo A. , Ortín Tomás , Ruipérez Alejandro , Zatti Matteo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe study extremal 5- and 4-dimensional black hole solutions of the Heterotic Superstring effective action at first order in α′ with, respectively, 3 and 4 charges of arbitrary signs. For a particular choice of the relative signs of these charges the solutions are supersymmetric, but other signs give rise to non-supersymmetric extremal black holes. Although at zeroth order all these solutions are formally identical, we show that theα′ corrections are drastically different depending on how we break supersymmetry. We provide fully analytic$$ \mathcal{O} $$O(α′) solutions and we compute their charges, masses and entropies and check that they are invariant underα′-corrected T-duality transformations. The masses of some of these black holes are corrected in a complicated way, but we show that the shift is always negative, in agreement with the Weak Gravity Conjecture. Our formula for the corrected entropy of the four-dimensional black holes generalizes previous results obtained from the entropy function method, as we consider a more general way in which supersymmetry can be broken.
Local Nondeterminism and Local Times of the Stochastic Wave Equation Driven by Fractional-Colored Noise
Authors: Lee Cheuk Yin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigate the existence and regularity of the local times of the solution to a linear system of stochastic wave equations driven by a Gaussian noise that is fractional in time and colored in space. Using Fourier analytic methods, we establish strong local nondeterminism of the solution and the existence of jointly continuous local times. We also study the differentiability and moduli of continuity of the local times and deduce some sample path properties of the solution.
Weighted Boundedness of Certain Sublinear Operators in Generalized Morrey Spaces on Quasi-Metric Measure Spaces Under the Growth Condition
Authors: Samko Natasha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe prove weighted boundedness of Calderón–Zygmund and maximal singular operators in generalized Morrey spaces on quasi-metric measure spaces, in general non-homogeneous, only under the growth condition on the measure, for a certain class of weights. Weights and characteristic of the spaces are independent of each other. Weighted boundedness of the maximal operator is also proved in the case when lower and upper Ahlfors exponents coincide with each other. Our approach is based on two important steps. The first is a certain transference theorem, where without use homogeneity of the space, we provide a condition which insures that every sublinear operator with the size condition, bounded in Lebesgue space, is also bounded in generalized Morrey space. The second is a reduction theorem which reduces weighted boundedness of the considered sublinear operators to that of weighted Hardy operators and non-weighted boundedness of some special operators.