bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of toothpastes containing tricalcium phosphate on dental enamel microhardness, color, and topography
Authors: Lopes Marina Paparotto , Gonçalves Iana Maria Costa , Garcia Raíssa Manoel , Sobral-Souza Danielle Ferreira , Aguiar Flávio Henrique Baggio , Lima Débora Alves Nunes Leite 
Published: November 2022

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using dentifrices containing tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) on microhardness, enamel color, and topography before bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Fifty bovine incisor enamel/dentin blocks (4 × 4 × 2 mm) were randomized into five groups (n=10): (C) negative control (no treatment), positive control (35% HP), Colgate Total 12 then 35% HP (CT 12 + 35% HP), Elmex Sensitive then 35% HP (ES + 35% HP), and Bianco Pro Clinical then 35% HP (BPC + 35% HP). Knoop microhardness (KHN) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The color was evaluated using CIELAB (∆Eab*) and CIEDE 2000 (∆E00) in 3 times: initial time (T0), 24 hours after exposure to dentifrice (T1), and 24 hours after bleaching treatment (T2). Data for microhardness, ∆Eab*, and ∆E00 data were analyzed using generalized linear models, considering the model’s group effect. The ∆L, ∆a, and ∆b data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s nonparametric tests. A significance of 5% was used. KHN was significantly higher in the BPC + 35% HP and ES + 35% HP groups than in the C and 35% HP groups (p=0.0295). ∆L was greater in the groups that received 35% HP than in the C group 24 hours after bleaching (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference between groups in ∆Eab* (p=0.0679) and ∆E00 (p=0.1463) 24 hours after bleaching. Using dentifrices containing β-TCP before bleaching treatment with 35% HP increases enamel microhardness but does not significantly alter tooth color. Clinical Significance: Dentifrices containing β-TCP in their formulation increase enamel microhardness without interfering with substrate color when used with previous in-office tooth bleaching.
Intracoronary nicorandil induced hyperemia for physiological assessments in the coronary artery lesions
Authors: Yang Xia , Yu Qiang , Yang Junjie , Guo Jun , Jin Qinhua 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveMaximal hyperemia is a key element of invasive physiological examination. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of intracoronary (IC) nicorandil in comparison with adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) intravenous (i.v.) injection for fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement in coronary artery lesions.Materials and methodsIn this study, 46 patients who had their FFR measured were enrolled, including 51 lesions. Hyperemia was induced by bolus 2 mg nicorandil and ATP (40 mg ATP + 36 ml saline, weight × 10 ml/h) for FFR measurement. The safety and efficacy of IC nicorandil were evaluated.ResultsThe mean FFR values measured by nicorandil and ATP were 0.810 ± 0.013 and 0.799 ± 0.099, p &lt; 0.001, respectively. There was a strong correlation between FFR measured by nicorandil and ATP (r = 0.983, R2 = 0.966, FFRnicorandil = 0.937 × FFRATP + 0.061). The rate of FFR ≤ 0.75 in the nicorandil and ATP groups was 31.37 vs. 35.29%, respectively (p = 0.841), the consistency rate was 96.08%; the FFR ≤ 0.8 rate was 41.18 and 43.14%, respectively (p = 0.674), and the consistency rate was 90.20%. In five lesions, the FFR value measured by nicorandil ranged between 0.79 and 0.82, indicating inconsistency according to FFR ≤ 0.8. The blood pressure changes caused by nicorandil and ATP were 12.96 ± 6.83 and 22.22 ± 11.44 mmHg (p &lt; 0.001); the heart rate changes were 2.43 ± 1.31 and 6.52 ± 2.87 beats/min, respectively (p &lt; 0.001); and the PR interval changes were 6.0 (1.0–11.0) and 9.0 (2.0–19.0) ms, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores in the nicorandil group were all in the range 0–2, while in the ATP group were mostly in the range of 3–5.ConclusionIntracoronary bolus of nicorandil (2 mg) infusion induces stable hyperemia, and it could be considered as an alternative drug to ATP for FFR measurement with a lower side effect profile in most patients.
Trabecular bone score and sclerostin concentrations in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Zdrojowy-Wełna Aleksandra , Halupczok-Żyła Jowita , Słoka Natalia , Syrycka Joanna , Gojny Łukasz , Bolanowski Marek 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPatients with primary adrenal insufficiency need lifelong replacement therapy with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, which may influence their bone quality.AimThe aim of the study was to evaluate densitometry parameters, trabecular bone score and sclerostin concentrations in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency in comparison to control group.Materials and methodsWe included 29 patients (62% females) with diagnose of autoimmune primary adrenal insufficiency (mean age 49.7 ± 11.7 years, mean duration of the disease 13.2± 13.6 years) and 33 healthy subjects (adjusted with age, sex and body mass index). Bone mineral density at the femoral neck, lumbar spine, total body and trabecular bone score were evaluated. Serum sclerostin concentrations were measured.ResultsThere were no significant differences in densitometry parameters (T-score, Z-score, bone mineral density in all locations) as well as in trabecular bone score in patients with adrenal insufficiency in comparison to control group. Mean serum sclerostin concentration was significantly higher in patients with adrenal insufficiency than in control group (44.7 ± 23.5 vs 30.7 ± 10.4 pmol/l, p=0.006). There was a negative correlation between trabecular bone score and the duration of adrenal insufficiency and age, also a negative correlation between femoral neck and total densitometry parameters and 24-hour urine cortisol as a marker of hydrocortisone daily dose in patients with adrenal insufficiency.ConclusionsThe bone status in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency was not impaired in comparison to control group, while sclerostin concentration was higher. The duration of the disease and higher hydrocortisone doses may affect negatively bone status.
One-year spatiotemporal variations of air pollutants in a major chemical-industry park in the Yangtze River Delta, China by 30 miniature air quality monitoring stations
Authors: Pang Xiaobing , Lu Yu , Wang Baozhen , Wu Hai , Shi Kangli , Li Jingjing , Xing Bo , Chen Lang , Wu Zhentao , Dai Shang , Zhou Wei , Cui Xuewei , Chen Dongzhi , Chen Jianmeng 
Published: November 2022

Fine chemical industrial park (FCIP) is a major source of atmospheric pollutants in China. A long-term high spatial resolution monitoring campaign on air pollutants had been firstly conducted in a major FCIP in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from December 2019 to November 2020. The grid-based monitoring platform consisting of 30 miniature air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs) provided comprehensive coverage of a FCIP, and long-term monitoring studies solved the problem of lack of clarity about pollution sources in industrial parks. Overall, NO2 pollution was particularly high in the pharmaceutical industry, while TVOCs and O3 pollution were most serious in the textile dyeing industry, with PM pollution much higher in the metal smelting industry than in other industries, and in the leather industry, O3 pollution was relatively severe. The spatial and temporal variations of air pollutants showed that higher PM, CO and NO2 concentrations were revealed in winter while lower in summer due to better meteorological diffusion conditions. TVOCs concentrations were higher with an average of 1954 ppb in summer possibly due to their increased volatilization from their sources at higher ambient temperatures. O3 concentrations were at their peaks in spring (88.8 μg m−3) and early fall (78.5 μg m−3). The daily trends of O3 precursors (TVOCs and NO2) were clearly negatively correlated with O3, and they showed bimodal peaks due to anthropogenic activities, plant emissions, lowering of the mixed boundary layer, etc. The O3 formed in FCIP was judged to be NO2-limited during the monitoring period based on the ratios of NO2 to TVOCs. Therefore, the effective strategy to reduce O3 formation in FCIP is to decrease the ambient NO2 concentration. Based on Pearson correlation coefficients, it appeared that WS promoted O3 formation through long-term transport and that high air temperatures also contributed to O3 formation in the environment. It was also stated in the study that the closer the residential area is to the industrial sources, the more significant the correlation. Thus, the results of this study will also be helpful for policymakers to design pollutant control strategies for different industries to mitigate the impact of pollutants on human health.
A novel signature to predict the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response of bladder carcinoma: Results from a territory multicenter real-world study
Authors: Li Huihuang , Hu Jiao , Zu Xiongbing , Chen Minfeng , Chen Jinbo , Zou Yihua , Deng Ruoping , Qin Gang , Li Wenze , Tang Jiansheng , Deng Dingshan , Liu Jinhui , Cheng Chunliang , Cui Yu , Ou Zhenyu 
Published: November 2022

Background: Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has become the standard treatment option for muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (MIBC), its application is still limited because of the lack of biomarkers for NAC prediction.Methods: We conducted a territory multicenter real-world study to summarize NAC practice in China and its associated clinicopathologic variables with NAC response. Then, we developed and validated a robust gene-based signature for accurate NAC prediction using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), the least absolute shrinkage and selector operation (LASSO) algorithm, a multivariable binary logistic regression model, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results: In total, we collected 69 consecutive MIBC patients treated with NAC from four clinical centers. The application of NAC in the real world was relatively safe, with only two grade Ⅳ and seven grade Ⅲ AEs and no treatment-related deaths being reported. Among these patients, 16 patients gave up surgery after NAC, leaving 53 patients for further analysis. We divided them into pathological response and non-response groups and found that there were more patients with a higher grade and stage in the non-response group. Patients with a pathological response could benefit from a significant overall survival (OS) improvement. In addition, univariate and multivariate logistic analyses indicated that tumor grade and clinical T stage were both independent factors for predicting NAC response. Importantly, we developed and validated a five-gene-based risk score for extremely high predictive accuracy for NAC response.Conclusion: NAC was relatively safe and could significantly improve OS for MIBC patients in the real-world practice. Our five-gene-based risk score could guide personalized therapy and promote the application of NAC.
The emergence of arboviruses changes the profile of viral meningitis in Salvador, Bahia: A case series
Authors: Dias Tamiris T. , Tauro Laura B. , Macêdo Lara E. N. , Brito Liz O. , Ribeiro Victor H. O. , Santos Cleiton S. , Jacob-Nascimento Leile C. , Vilas-Boas Letícia S. , Amado Caio , Barbosa Paula S. , Reis Joice N. , Campos Gubio Soares , Ribeiro Guilherme S. , Siqueira Isadora C. , Silva Luciano K. , Reis Mitermayer G. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundRecently, different arboviruses became endemic in Brazil mostly causing acute febrile illnesses, however, neurological manifestations have also been reported. This study aimed to investigate which viruses were involved in the meningitis etiology and the contribution of the circulating arboviruses in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.MethodsFrom June 2014 to February 2016, 170 patients with suspected viral meningitis were identified in Couto Maia Hospital, Salvador-BA, Brazil. Their CSF samples were investigated for possible viral etiology by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) for different arboviruses: DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV; and for the EV; and by PCR for the HHV1-5 complex (HSV1-2, VZV, EBV and CMV). Also, ELISA was carried out in a subgroup of remaining samples for detection of DENV IgM and NS1 antigen, CHIKV IgM and ZIKV IgM.ResultsThirty-seven patients were PCR or ELISA positive for at least one of the studied viruses (overall positivity 21.8%). EV was the agent most frequently detected (10 cases; 27.0%), along with all four DENV serotypes (10 cases; 27.0%); followed by CHIKV (6 cases; 16.2%), ZIKV (6 cases; 16.2%), and Varicella zoster virus (VZV) (1 case; 2.7%). Four cases (10.8%) presented viral co-infection detected: DENV1 + CHIKV, DENV1 + EV, DENV4 + ZIKV, and CHIKV + ZIKV. Arboviruses (DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV) accounted for the great majority of cases (26 cases; 70.3%) of all single and co-infections: DENV has been the most frequently detected arbovirus (13 cases; 35.1%). Among non-arboviral meningitis, the most common etiology was the EV (11 cases; 29.7%).ConclusionsArboviruses accounted for the majority of identified viruses among patients with suspected viral meningitis. In areas where they are endemic it is crucial to increase viral surveillance and consider them in the differential diagnosis of meningitis.
Concentrations, sources, and biological consumption of acrylate and DMSP in the tropical Pacific and coral reef ecosystem in Mo’orea, French Polynesia
Authors: Xue Lei , Kieber David J. , Masdeu-Navarro Marta , Cabrera-Brufau Miguel , Rodríguez-Ros Pablo , Gardner Stephanie G. , Marrasé Cèlia , Simó Rafel 
Published: November 2022

Shallow-water coral reefs hold large quantities of acrylate and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), but production and removal processes for these compounds are poorly characterized. Here we determined the concentrations and cycling of acrylate and DMSP in a transect from a coral reef ecosystem to the open ocean, 2 km beyond the reef in Mo’orea, French Polynesia, during April 2018. Concentrations of dissolved acrylate and DMSP were low throughout the reef-ocean transect, ranging from 0.8–3.9 nM and 0.2–3.0 nM, respectively, with no difference observed between the coral reef and open ocean when comparing mean concentrations (± std dev) of dissolved acrylate (1.7 ± 0.7 vs 2.3 ± 0.8 nM) or DMSP (0.9 ± 0.7 vs 1.3 ± 0.6 nM). In the coral reef, dissolved acrylate was rapidly taken up by the heterotrophic community with a fast turnover time averaging ~ 6 h, six times faster than in the open ocean, and nearly as fast as the average turnover time of dissolved DMSP (~ 3 h). A clear diel trend was observed for the heterotrophic consumption of dissolved acrylate and DMSP in the coral reef, with higher uptake rate constants during daylight hours, synchronized with the larger daytime release of acrylate and DMSP from the coral compared to the nighttime release of these compounds. We also measured photochemical production rates of acrylate in Mo’orean waters, but rates were one to two orders of magnitude slower compared to its rates of biological consumption. Coral and macroalgae were the main sources of dissolved acrylate and DMSP to the reef ecosystem. Our results indicate there is rapid turnover of acrylate and DMSP in the coral reef with a tight coupling between production and removal pathways that maintain dissolved concentrations of these two compounds at very low levels. These algal and coral-derived substrates serve as important chemical links between the coral and heterotrophic communities, two fundamental components in the ecological network in coral reefs.
Semiology and determinants of apathy across neurodegenerative motor disorders: A comparison between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease
Authors: Poletti Barbara , Solca Federica , Maffi Sabrina , Torre Silvia , Carelli Laura , Aiello Edoardo Nicolò , Ferrucci Roberta , Priori Alberto , Monti Alessia , Verde Federico , Ticozzi Nicola , Migliore Simone , Scaricamazza Eugenia , Casella Melissa , Squitieri Ferdinando , Ciammola Andrea , Silani Vincenzo 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThe semiology and determinants of apathy are largely unknown across amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD), due to both motor and non-motor confounders. This study thus aimed at (1) profiling apathy in ALS, PD, and HD and (2) exploring its clinical determinants.MaterialsConsecutive ALS (N = 99), PD (N = 73), and HD (N = 25) patients underwent a motor-free assessment of apathy (Dimensional Apathy Scale, DAS), global cognition, anxiety and depression. Function was assessed through disease-specific scales. The DAS was also completed by N = 101 healthy controls (HCs). Between-group comparisons on DAS scores were implemented by covarying for all applicable confounders. Predictive models on DAS scores were built through multiple, stepwise regressions.ResultsParkinson’s disease and HD, but not ALS, patients were more apathetic than HCs—with HD patients also selectively showing lower initiation and poorer goal-directed planning than HCs. Higher apathetic features were detected in PD and HD as compared to ALS. Education was a protective factor against apathy in ALS. Anxiety was a risk factor for global apathy in ALS, HD, and to a lesser extent, in PD, whereas, protective only toward affective disintegration in PD and ALS. Cognitive inefficiency was a risk factor toward apathy in both PD and ALS. Depression was a risk factor for executive-related apathy in PD.DiscussionThis study provides unprecedented insights into the heterogeneous semiology and determinants of apathy across ALS, PD, and HD via the DAS, in turn informing clinical practice and research.
Quantitatively characterizing reflexive responses to pitch perturbations
Authors: Kearney Elaine , Nieto-Castañón Alfonso , Falsini Riccardo , Daliri Ayoub , Heller Murray Elizabeth S. , Smith Dante J. , Guenther Frank H. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundReflexive pitch perturbation experiments are commonly used to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying vocal motor control. In these experiments, the fundamental frequency–the acoustic correlate of pitch–of a speech signal is shifted unexpectedly and played back to the speaker via headphones in near real-time. In response to the shift, speakers increase or decrease their fundamental frequency in the direction opposing the shift so that their perceived pitch is closer to what they intended. The goal of the current work is to develop a quantitative model of responses to reflexive perturbations that can be interpreted in terms of the physiological mechanisms underlying the response and that captures both group-mean data and individual subject responses.MethodsA model framework was established that allowed the specification of several models based on Proportional-Integral-Derivative and State-Space/Directions Into Velocities of Articulators (DIVA) model classes. The performance of 19 models was compared in fitting experimental data from two published studies. The models were evaluated in terms of their ability to capture both population-level responses and individual differences in sensorimotor control processes.ResultsA three-parameter DIVA model performed best when fitting group-mean data from both studies; this model is equivalent to a single-rate state-space model and a first-order low pass filter model. The same model also provided stable estimates of parameters across samples from individual subject data and performed among the best models to differentiate between subjects. The three parameters correspond to gains in the auditory feedback controller’s response to a perceived error, the delay of this response, and the gain of the somatosensory feedback controller’s “resistance” to this correction. Excellent fits were also obtained from a four-parameter model with an additional auditory velocity error term; this model was better able to capture multi-component reflexive responses seen in some individual subjects.ConclusionOur results demonstrate the stereotyped nature of an individual’s responses to pitch perturbations. Further, we identified a model that captures population responses to pitch perturbations and characterizes individual differences in a stable manner with parameters that relate to underlying motor control capabilities. Future work will evaluate the model in characterizing responses from individuals with communication disorders.
Body composition as a predictor of chemotherapy-related toxicity in ovarian cancer patients: A systematic review
Authors: Rizzo Stefania , Raia Giorgio , Del Grande Maria , Gasparri Maria Luisa , Colombo Ilaria , Manganaro Lucia , Papadia Andrea , Del Grande Filippo 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe main objective of this systematic review was to examine the literature evaluating association of image-based body composition with chemotherapy-related toxicity in ovarian cancer patients. A secondary objective was to evaluate the different definitions of sarcopenia across studies.MethodsThis systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA-DTA statement and the protocol was registered on Prospero. A comprehensive literature search of 3 electronic databases was performed by two authors. For each eligible article, information was collected concerning the clinical setting; basic study data; population characteristics; technical aspects; body composition features; chemotherapy drugs administered; association of body composition values and toxicities. The overall quality of the included studies was critically evaluated.ResultsAfter the initial retrieval of 812 articles, the systematic review included 6 articles (5/6 studies were retrospective; one was prospective). The number of patients ranged between 69 and 239; mean/median age ranged between 55 and 65 years; the percentage of sarcopenic patients ranged between 25% and 54%. The cut-off values to define sarcopenia and the vertebral levels for evaluation of body composition were different. Five studies included chemotherapy based on carboplatin and paclitaxel, 1 included chemotherapy based on pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. Among the studies including carboplatin and paclitaxel, 3/5 demonstrated an association with toxicity, whereas 2/5 did not. Altogether, 4/6 papers demonstrated an association between the body composition values and the development of chemotherapy-related toxicities.ConclusionsThere is a wide variability of results about the association of body composition and chemotherapy-related toxicity in ovarian cancer patients. Therefore further studies, possibly including a comprehensive assessment of body compartments and where the definition of body composition cut-offs is constant, are warranted to better understand this association.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022337753, identifier (CRD42022337753).