bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prognostic signature based on adenosine metabolism related genes for ovarian cancer
Authors: Liang Weifeng , Zhou Chao , Wang Jingshu , Zhao Jing , Liu Fang , Wang Guoqiang , Xu Chunwei , Zhang Yuzi , Wang Wenxian , Cai Shangli , Han Yusheng , Chang Lei , Zhang Peihai 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundOvarian cancer is one of the most common cause of cancer death in women due to its late diagnosis and susceptibility to drug resistance. Adenosine (ADO) signaling plays a key role in immune activity and tumor progression. In this study, we constructed a signature of ADO metabolism related genes expression in patients with ovarian cancer.MethodsA total of 372 ovarian cancer patients from TCGA was used as training set and 1,137 patients from six GEO datasets were as validation set. The gene expression and drug response inhibitory concentration values for ovarian cancer cell line from GDSC were used for drug sensitivity analysis. The non-negative matrix factorization algorithm and ssGSVA were used to construct the ADO score.ResultsPatients with high ADO score had shorter overall survival (OS) than those with low ADO score in both training set (HR = 1.42, 95% CI, 1.06-1.88) and validation sets (pooled HR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02-1.51). In GSEA analysis, genes in ATP synthesis related pathways were enriched in the low ADO score group (adjusted P value = 0.02). Further, we observed that the high ADO score group had significantly higher levels of most cancer hallmark signatures (all adjusted P values &lt; 0.01) and T cell dysfunction and exclusion signatures than the low ADO score group (all adjusted P values &lt; 0.001). Patients with lower ADO score tended to be sensitive to common drugs including Olaparib and Paclitaxel (adjusted P values = 0.05 and 0.04, respectively).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the established ADO signature could be used as a prognostic biomarker to stratify ovarian cancer patients and had the potential to guide the drug exploitation and personalized therapy selection.
Reduced tumor stiffness quantified by tomoelastography as a predicative marker for glypican-3-positive hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yihuan , Guo Jing , Ma Di , Zhou Jiahao , Yang Yuchen , Chen Yongjun , Wang Huafeng , Sack Ingolf , Li Ruokun , Yan Fuhua 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundGlypican-3 (GPC3) expression is investigated as a promising target for tumor-specific immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to determine whether GPC3 alters the viscoelastic properties of HCC and whether tomoelastography, a multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) technique, is sensitive to it.MethodsNinety-five participants (mean age, 58 ± 1 years; 78 men and 17 women) with 100 pathologically confirmed HCC lesions were enrolled in this prospective study from July 2020 to August 2021. All patients underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI and tomoelastography. Tomoelastography provided shear wave speed (c, m/s) representing tissue stiffness and loss angle (φ, rad) relating to viscosity. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters were compared between GPC3-positive and -negative groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to determine factors associated with GPC3-positive HCC. The diagnostic performance of combined biomarkers was established using logistic regression analysis. Area-under-the-curve (AUC) analysis was done to assess diagnostic performance in detecting GPC3-positive HCC.FindingsGPC3-positive HCCs (n=72) had reduced stiffness compared with GPC3-negative HCCs (n=23) while viscosity was not different (c: 2.34 ± 0.62 versus 2.72 ± 0.62 m/s, P=0.010, φ: 1.11 ± 0.21 vs 1.18 ± 0.27 rad, P=0.21). Logistic regression showed c and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level above 20 ng/mL were independent factors for GPC3-positive HCC. Stiffness with a cutoff of c = 2.8 m/s in conjunction with an elevated AFP yielded a sensitivity of 80.3%, specificity of 70.8%, and AUC of 0.80.InterpretationReduced stiffness quantified by tomoelastography may be a mechanical signature of GPC3-positive HCC. Combining reduced tumor stiffness and elevated AFP level may provide potentially valuable biomarker for GPC3-targeted immunotherapy.
Intra-amniotic inflammation and birth weight in pregnancies with preterm labor with intact membranes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matulova Jana , Kacerovsky Marian , Bolehovska Radka , Kukla Rudolf , Bostik Pavel , Kolarova Klara , Frydrychová Simona , Jacobsson Bo , Musilova Ivana 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the association between newborn birth weight and the presence of intra-amniotic infection, presence of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, and absence of intra-amniotic inflammation in pregnancies with preterm labor with intact membranes.MethodsA total of 69 pregnancies with preterm labor with intact membranes between gestational ages 22 + 0 and 34 + 6 weeks who delivered within seven days of admission were included in this retrospective cohort study. Transabdominal amniocentesis to determine the presence of microorganisms and/or their nucleic acids in amniotic fluid (through culturing and molecular biology methods) and intra-amniotic inflammation (according to amniotic fluid interleukin-6 concentrations) were performed as part of standard clinical management. The participants were further divided into three subgroups: intra-amniotic infection (presence of microorganisms and/or nucleic acids along with intra-amniotic inflammation), sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (intra-amniotic inflammation alone), and without intra-amniotic inflammation. Birth weights of newborns were expressed as percentiles derived from the INTERGROWTH-21st standards for (i) estimated fetal weight and (ii) newborn birth weight.ResultsNo difference in birth weights, expressed as percentiles derived from the standard for estimated fetal weight, was found among the women with intra-amniotic infection, with sterile intra-amniotic inflammation, and without intra-amniotic inflammation (with infection, median 29; with sterile inflammation, median 54; without inflammation, median 53; p = 0.06). Differences among the subgroups were identified in the birth weight rates, expressed as percentiles derived from the standard for estimated fetal weight, which were less than the 10th percentile (with infection: 20%, with inflammation: 13%, without inflammation: 0%; p = 0.04) and 25th percentile (with infection: 47%, with inflammation: 31%, without inflammation: 9%; p = 0.01). No differences among the subgroups were observed when percentiles of birth weight were derived from the birth weight standard.ConclusionsThe presence of intra-amniotic inflammatory complications in pregnancies with preterm labor with intact membranes prior to the gestational age of 35 weeks was associated with a higher rate of newborns with birth weight less than the 10th and 25th percentile, when percentiles of birth weight were derived from the standard for estimated fetal weight.
Clinical profile and treatment outcome of acute intussusception among children in eastern Ethiopia: A seven years retrospective study
Authors: Tesfaye Dawit Desta , Adem Burka Mohammed , Ketema Indeshaw , Mehadi Ame , Eshetu Bajrond , Teshager Tilahun , Asfaw Henock , Desalew Assefa 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAcute intussusception is the main cause of abdominal surgical emergencies worldwide in young children, with an incidence of approximately 1 to 4 per 2,000 children. An accurate estimate of the treatment outcomes of acute intussusception in children is unknown in low-and middle-income countries like Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to determine the clinical profile, treatment outcomes of acute intussusception and its associated factors among children admitted to Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital in eastern Ethiopia.MethodsAn institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from November 01 to 30, 2021, among children admitted and managed for acute intussusception. All medical records of children admitted and managed for acute intussusception at Hiwot Fana Specialized University hospital between January 2014 and December 2020 were included. Data were collected using pretested structured checklists through a review of medical records, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0. Chi-square (χ2) tests were applied to determine the associated factors with treatment outcome. The statistical significance was considered at a p-value &lt; 0.05.ResultsIn this chart review of children, 13.3% (95% CL: 11.8–14.8) died. The median age of the study participant was 13 months. The majority, 72% were male and 76% were less than 24 months old. Regarding the clinical profile; abdominal pain (94.7%), vomiting (93.3%), bloody diarrhea (70.7%), and abdominal distention (76.0%) were the most common clinical presentations. Age less than 24 months [X2 = 8.13 (df = 1); p = 0.004], preoperative vital signs [X2 = 19.21 (df = 2); p = 0.000], intraoperative findings [X2 = 18.89 (df = 1); p = 0.000], and postoperative complications [X2 = 14.60 (df = 1); p = 0.000] were significantly associated with treatment outcome of acute intussusception.ConclusionIn this chart review, the overall mortality rate in children was relatively high. One in seven children died from acute intussusception. Age less than 24 months, preoperative vital signs, intraoperative findings, and postoperative complications were significantly associated with acute intussusception treatment outcomes. Surgical management was the only treatment performed in all cases. Delayed presentation of patients and lack of other treatment modalities such as non-surgical interventions are serious concerns in this facility. The initiation of non-surgical reduction may reduce the need for surgical intervention-related complications, and child mortality.
Durable response to the combination of pembrolizumab and nab-paclitaxel in a metastatic extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tan Sirui , Yu Jing , Huang Qiyue , Zhou Nan , Xiong Xianze , Gou Hongfeng 
Published: November 2022

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with poor overall survival. Although the first-line standard chemotherapy (gemcitabine plus cisplatin) combined with immunotherapy has yielded positive results with survival prolongation, the efficacy remains unsatisfactory, and new treatment modalities need to be explored.Case presentation: We report the case of a patient with metastatic extrahepatic CCA who achieved a durable response and good tolerance to the combination treatment of pembrolizumab and nab-paclitaxel following progression on gemcitabine plus capecitabine chemotherapy. The tumor samples of the patient revealed low TMB, MSS, negative PD-L1 expression, and negative CD8+ TIL expression. This patient was treated with 3 cycles of pembrolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel and cisplatin, followed by 5 cycles of pembrolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel. Finally, 10 cycles of pembrolizumab monotherapy were administered. The patient survived for over 27 months after the initiation of combined therapy and was still in continuous remission at the last follow-up.Conclusion: As far as we know, this is the first report that pembrolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel successfully treated a patient with advanced CCA. This combination therapy might be a potential treatment option for patients with cholangiocarcinoma, and further clinical trials are needed to explore the outcomes.
Adolescent kratom exposure affects cognitive behaviours and brain metabolite profiles in Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Zul Aznal Aiman Nadhirah , Mohamad Nor Hazalin Nurul Aqmar , Hassan Zurina , Mat Noorul Hamizah , Chear Nelson Jeng-Yeou , Teh Lay Kek , Salleh Mohd Zaki , Suhaimi Farah Wahida 
Published: November 2022

Adolescence is a critical developmental period during which exposure to psychoactive substances like kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) can cause long-lasting deleterious effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of mitragynine, the main alkaloid of kratom, and lyophilised kratom decoction (LKD) on cognitive behaviours and brain metabolite profiles in adolescent rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (Postnatal day, PND31) were given vehicle, morphine (5 mg/kg), mitragynine (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg), or LKD (equivalent dose of 30 mg/kg mitragynine) for 15 consecutive days. Later, a battery of behavioural testing was conducted, brain was extracted and metabolomic analysis was performed using LCMS-QTOF. The results showed that mitragynine did not affect the recognition memory in the novel object recognition task. In the social interaction task, morphine, mitragynine, and LKD caused a marked deficit in social behaviour, while in Morris water maze task, mitragynine and LKD only affected reference memory. Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct metabolite profiles of animals with different treatments. Several pathways that may be involved in the effects of kratom exposure include arachidonic acid, pantothenate and CoA, and tryptophan pathways, with several potential biomarkers identified. These findings suggest that adolescent kratom exposure can cause cognitive behavioural deficits that may be associated with changes in the brain metabolite profiles.
The safety and efficacy of oxaliplatin-loaded drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of unresectable or advanced lung cancer
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Li Fazhong , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: November 2022

Aim: Drug-eluting beads are usually applied for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Oxaliplatin was suggested as first-line therapy for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer. However, there has been little investigation about the application of drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) with oxaliplatin-loaded CalliSpheres beads (CB) for the treatment of unresectable or advanced lung cancer. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of oxaliplatin-loaded DEB-TACE for the treatment of unresectable or advanced lung cancer.Methods: From January 2019 to December 2021, all patients with primary unresectable or advanced lung cancer who underwent DEB-TACE with oxaliplatin-loaded CB were retrospectively enrolled. This study defined overall survival and objective response rate (ORR) as the primary endpoints, disease control rate (DCR) and progression-free survival (PFS) as the secondary endpoints.Results: A total of 33 sessions of DEB-TACE were performed in 20 patients, with a mean of 1.7 ± 1.0 sessions. A total of 55 arteries were emoblized by CB, including 40 bronchial arteries, 13 intercostal arteries, one suprarenal artery and one inferior phrenical artery. No procedural-related mortality or severe complications were observed. The median tumor diameter was 49.0 [Interquartile range (IQR) 37.8–66.8] mm before DEB-TACE, and decreased to 38.8 (IQR 27.7–56.9), 26.1 (IQR 19.1–48.8), and 20.5 (IQR 13.1–49.7) mm at 1, 3 and 6 months later (p = 0.04). The ORR and DCR at 1, 3, and 6 months after DEB-TACE were 28.6% and 92.9%, 38.5% and 84.6%, 30.8% and 61.5%, respectively. The median PFS and median overall survival was 9.9 and 29.6 months, respectively.Conclusion: DEB-TACE with oxaliplatin-loaded CB is suggested as a safe, effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with unresectable or advanced lung cancer.
Auxin biosynthesis by Microbacterium testaceum Y411 associated with orchid aerial roots and their efficacy in micropropagation
Authors: Yadav Archana , Mudoi Kalpataru Dutta , Kumar Niraj , Geed Sachin Rameshrao , Gogoi Parishmita , Sharma Rabin K. , Saikia Ratul 
Published: November 2022

Root-associated bacteria strongly affect plant growth and development by synthesizing growth regulators and stress-relieving metabolites. The present study is mainly focused on assessing aerial root-associated bacteria of Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume is an endemic epiphytic orchid responsible for auxin production and influencing plant growth. A bacterial isolate, Microbacterium testaceum Y411, was found to be the most active producer of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The maximum IAA production (170µg/mL) was recorded with the bacterium at optimum process parameters such as pH 7, temperature 30°C, and tryptophan 1000 µg/mL in a culture medium for 48 h. The extracted auxin was purified and analyzed by FT-IR, HPLC, and HR-MS, indicating bacterial auxin has a similar mass value to 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid auxin. Furthermore, the bacterial auxin was tested on in vitro propagation of orchid, Cymbidium aloifolium, and 90% seed germination was recorded in Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with bacterial auxin. The novel results obtained in this study are used for agricultural applications and the Microbacterium testaceum Y411 is a valuable biotechnological resource for a natural auxin.
Adjustment in third culture kids: A systematic review of literature
Authors: Jones Emma Marchal , Reed Marnie , Gaab Jens , Ooi Yoon Phaik 
Published: November 2022

Third Culture Kids (TCKs) are children of expatriates who live in a culture other than their country of nationality or their parent's country of nationality for a significant part of their childhood. Past research has indicated that adjustment is a key factor in the success of global mobility. However, current research in the area of TCK adjustment is lacking. This systematic review aims to present and summarize all available published scientific data on the adjustment of internationally mobile children and adolescents who relocate with their families. We aim to understand factors related to TCK adjustment, highlight lacking research areas, and define areas of interest for future research. The eligibility criteria for inclusion in the review were: traditional TCKs; aged 7–17 years; measures taken during the relocation; outcome variables of wellbeing, psychological adjustment or social adjustment, or socio-cultural adjustment or adjustment. An initial search across eight databases in December 2021 yielded 9,433 studies, which were included in COVIDENCE and reviewed independently by two researchers at each phase. We finally included 14 studies in this study, 10 of which presented quantitative data. Extracted quantitative and qualitative studies were abstracted, and the main findings are presented using a consistent grid of codes: an initial computerized lexical scan (Leximancer) of all included papers generated a preliminary list of topics and their frequencies. We refined these initial topics using the most prominent theories around the topics of TCK, adjustment, and the extracted theories from selected papers and created a codebook. Then we abstracted the quantitative data from the selected studies and organized the statistically significant findings according to the codes. Lastly, we abstracted and synthesized the findings from qualitative studies. Efforts were made to present the available data within a reading grid, which enhances the understanding of mechanisms specific to the sample population and also makes it apparent where more research is needed. Specifically, findings suggest a need for a more inclusive multi-trajectory adjustment model and a better definition of the ecological sample. The coding system for the extraction and analysis in this systematic review may be a guide for researchers planning future studies on TCK adjustment.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020151071, identifier: CRD42020151071.
Evaluation and comparison of the sensitivity of three commercial RT-qPCR kits used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Santiago, Chile
Authors: Luraschi Roberto , Santibáñez Álvaro , Barrera-Avalos Carlos , Vallejos-Vidal Eva , Mateluna-Flores Carlos , Alarcón Javiera , Cayunao Javiera , Mella-Torres Andrea , Hernández Felipe , Inostroza-Molina Ailen , Valdés Daniel , Imarai Mónica , Acuña-Castillo Claudio , Reyes-López Felipe E. , Sandino Ana María 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic is still in force, causing global public health challenges and threats. Although vaccination and herd immunity have proven to be the most efficient way to control the pandemic, massive and early testing of patients using the RT-qPCR technique is crucial for constant genomic surveillance. The appearance of variants of SARS-CoV-2 with new mutations can reduce the efficiency of diagnostic detection. In this sense, several commercial RT-qPCR kits have been the target of extensive analysis because low assay performance could lead to false-negative diagnoses.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the performance of three commercial RT-qPCR kits; Thermo Fisher (TaqMan 2019-nCoV Assay Kit v1), BGI and Roche (LightCycler® Multiplex RNA Virus Master) used for the diagnosis of COVID-19 throughout the pandemic in Santiago de Chile.ResultsUnder our best assay conditions, we found significant differences in Cq amplification values for control and viral probes, against the same nasopharyngeal swab samples (NPSs). In addition, in some cases, the sensitivity of the RT-qPCR kits decreased against viral variants.ConclusionOur study suggests evaluating the RT-qPCR kits used to detect SARS-CoV-2 because variants such as Omicron, which has several mutations, can compromise their detection and underestimate viral circulation.
Spatiotemporal impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions against COVID-19 on the incidence of infectious diarrhea in Xi'an, China
Authors: Zhang Hui , Shen Li , Sun Minghao , Zhao Chenxi , Li Qian , Yang Zurong , Liu Jifeng , Liu Kun , Xiao Bo 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against COVID-19 may prevent the spread of other infectious diseases. Our purpose was to assess the effects of NPIs against COVID-19 on infectious diarrhea in Xi'an, China.MethodsBased on the surveillance data of infectious diarrhea, and the different periods of emergence responses for COVID-19 in Xi'an from 2011 to 2021, we applied Bayesian structural time series model and interrupted time series model to evaluate the effects of NPIs against COVID-19 on the epidemiological characteristics and the causative pathogens of infectious diarrhea.FindingsA total of 102,051 cases of infectious diarrhea were reported in Xi'an from 2011 to 2021. The Bayesian structural time series model results demonstrated that the cases of infectious diarrhea during the emergency response period was 40.38% lower than predicted, corresponding to 3,211 fewer cases, during the COVID-19 epidemic period of 2020–2021. The reduction exhibited significant variations in the demography, temporal and geographical distribution. The decline in incidence was especially evident in children under 5-years-old, with decreases of 34.09% in 2020 and 33.99% in 2021, relative to the 2017–2019 average. Meanwhile, the incidence decreased more significantly in industrial areas.InterpretationNPIs against COVID-19 were associated with short- and long-term reductions in the incidence of infectious diarrhea, and this effect exhibited significant variations in epidemiological characteristics.