bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of gastric antral vascular ectasia in which PuraStat, a novel self‐assembling peptide hemostatic hydrogel, was effective
Authors: Misumi Yoshitsugu , Takeuchi Miharu , Kishino Maiko , Kudo Yoshimichi , Nonaka Kouichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a gastric hemorrhagic disease associated with chronic liver disease. Argon plasma coagulation is widely used to control gastrointestinal bleeding due to GAVE. Although argon plasma coagulation is a relatively safe endoscopic procedure, it is not suitable in some cases, such as in patients with pacemakers. We report a case of GAVE in which PuraStat, a novel self‐assembling peptide hemostatic hydrogel, was effective. The patient was a 55‐year‐old man who had undergone Fontan surgery for tricuspid regurgitation more than 20 years prior. He developed hepatic cirrhosis as a complication following Fontan surgery. During upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to examine the cause of the progression of anemia and black stool, bleeding from GAVE was observed; PuraStat was applied to stop the bleeding. Postoperatively, the black stool disappeared, and his hemoglobin levels improved. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed 13 days after the surgery; the density of the capillaries in the antrum was significantly decreased, and a clear trend toward disappearance was observed. Therefore, the application of PuraStat may be useful in the treatment of GAVE.
Incorporation of doxylamine and N‐doxylamine‐oxide in human hair and the impact of a permanent oxidative hair dye
Authors: Ramirez Fernandez Maria del Mar , Wille Sarah M. R. , Samyn Nele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKnowledge of the drug incorporation in hair and impact of cosmetic treatments remains essential to correctly interpret forensic cases. The study shows the analysis of doxylamine and doxylamine‐N‐oxide and the evaluation of the relationship between dose and hair concentration and the impact of hair treatment (oxidative dying). The study included (A) three subjects participated to the study: a regular user (Subject 1) and two single‐dose users (Subject 2, 1 single dose; and Subject 3, 2 single doses spaced 5 months apart). Subject 3 applied a permanent oxidative hair dying monthly. (B) A permanent oxidative hair dying was applied twice to the hair collected from Subject 2. (A) The average concentrations in head hair for doxylamine and its N‐doxylamine‐oxide, respectively, were as follows: Subject 1, 1825 pg/mg and 16 pg/mg; Subject 2, 182 and <limit of quantification (LOQ); and Subject 3, Strand 1 (1 month after last single dose]; 1st cm: 367 pg/mg and 22 pg/mg; 2nd cm: 664 pg/mg and 37 pg/mg; 3rd cm 108 pg/mg and 13 pg/mg; 4th cm 13 pg/mg and 7 pg/mg); Strand 2 (5 months after last single dose: <LOQ). (B) The oxidative hair dying increased the concentration of the metabolite from undetected <LOQ up to 79 pg/mg (n = 3, RSD 6%). The concentration of the parent drug decreased from 128 pg/mg to 40 pg/mg (n = 3, RSD 4%). This is the first time the incorporation of doxylamine and its metabolite was evaluated with adequate and controlled information concerning dose and timing of ingestion for the evaluation of their incorporation and the impact of a cosmetic treatment.
Detection of the growth hormone secretagogue MK‐0677 in equine hair following oral administration
Authors: Viljanto Marjaana , Cutler Charlotte , Taylor Polly , Habershon‐Butcher Jocelyn , Gray Bob 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMK‐0677 (ibutamoren) is an orally active non‐peptide growth hormone secretagogue that binds to the ghrelin receptor stimulating the secretion of endogenous growth hormone. It is one of the most prevalent performance‐enhancing compounds currently available online and is potentially subject to abuse both in human and equine sports. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether it could be detected in equine hair following oral administration of MK‐0677 mesylate to a Thoroughbred racehorse. MK‐0677 and its O‐dealkylated metabolite were extracted using an existing method for prohibited substances in equine hair and analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. This enabled the detection of MK‐0677 in all hair samples collected, up to 209 days in mane and 358 days in tail. A follow‐up methodology with an extensive wash procedure was carried out for selected hair samples, which unambiguously verified the presence of MK‐0677. Wash criteria to differentiate between internal incorporation (via bloodstream) and external deposition (via sweat and sebum) was also assessed and indicated internal incorporation for the samples collected at later time points (≥52 days) and a combination of internal incorporation and external deposition for hair samples collected at the earlier time point (2 days).
Flyway‐scale GPS tracking reveals migratory routes and key stopover and non‐breeding locations of lesser yellowlegs
Authors: McDuffie Laura A. , Christie Katherine S. , Taylor Audrey R. , Nol Erica , Friis Christian , Harwood Christopher M. , Rausch Jennie , Laliberte Benoit , Gesmundo Callie , Wright James R. , Johnson James A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany populations of long‐distance migrant shorebirds are declining rapidly. Since the 1970s, the lesser yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) has experienced a pronounced reduction in abundance of ~63%. The potential causes of the species' decline are complex and interrelated. Understanding the timing of migration, seasonal routes, and important stopover and non‐breeding locations used by this species will aid in directing conservation planning to address potential threats. During 2018–2022, we tracked 118 adult lesser yellowlegs using GPS satellite tags deployed on birds from five breeding and two migratory stopover locations spanning the boreal forest of North America from Alaska to Eastern Canada. Our objectives were to identify migratory routes, quantify migratory connectivity, and describe key stopover and non‐breeding locations. We also evaluated predictors of southbound migratory departure date and migration distance. Individuals tagged in Alaska and Central Canada followed similar southbound migratory routes, stopping to refuel in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, whereas birds tagged in Eastern Canada completed multi‐day transoceanic flights covering distances of >4000 km across the Atlantic between North and South America. Upon reaching their non‐breeding locations, lesser yellowlegs populations overlapped, resulting in weak migratory connectivity. Sex and population origin were significantly associated with the timing of migratory departure from breeding locations, and body mass at the time of GPS‐tag deployment was the best predictor of southbound migratory distance. Our findings suggest that lesser yellowlegs travel long distances and traverse numerous political boundaries each year, and breeding location likely has the greatest influence on migratory routes and therefore the threats birds experience during migration. Further, the species' dependence on wetlands in agricultural landscapes during migration and the non‐breeding period may make them vulnerable to threats related to agricultural practices, such as pesticide exposure.
Iodine‐Mediated Three‐Component Strategy to Synthesize 2‐Aminothiazoles from β‐Diketones/β‐ketoesters, Arylamines and Ammonium Thiocyanate
Authors: Philips Abigail , Arumugam Ajithkumar , Eswaramoorthy Yuvaprabhu , Boominathan Siva Senthil Kumar , Senadi Gopal Chandru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA one‐pot, three‐component protocol for the synthesis of 2‐aminothiazoles promoted by iodine from readily available starting materials such as β‐diketones/β‐ketoesters, arylamines, and NH4SCN has been developed. A wide range of arylamines was tolerated well to produce the expected polysubstituted 2‐aminothiazoles in moderate to good yields. The characteristic features of this methodology include operational ease, metal‐free reaction conditions, gram‐scale scalability, functional group tolerance, and short reaction times.
Regenerability of fly‐ash derived zeoliteNaP1: Evaluation via copper recovery
Authors: Ankrah Archibald Frank , Tokay Begum , Snape Colin E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEffective regeneration of adsorbents is considered as one of the essential qualities for commercial use. However, most of the studies have only reported the adsorption properties and overlooked the reuse of adsorbents. In this study, we determined the regenerability and reusability of fly‐ash derived zeolite (FADZ) NaP1. These adsorbents have become popular to remove pollutants from water, including toxic metals, since they are less expensive, compared to their counterparts, and can be synthesized from a waste product. We evaluated the efficiency of copper (Cu2+) ions recovery from water using multiple regeneration solutions due to medium adsorption selectivity towards Cu2+. We determined the time required for the regeneration using acid, base, and salt solutions. The suitable pH and solution while maintaining the structure of the zeolite were studied. Up to 90% recovery was achieved via three successive regenerations, each taking 3 h using 3 M KCl and 3 M NaCl solutions. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and fluorescence showed changes in structure after regeneration at pH < 5 and contact time <6 h. The desorption kinetics using KCl solutions can be described by pseudo‐second order model. Freundlich model represents the desorption of Cu2+ions better than the Langmuir model due to regression coefficient (R2) values in the range of 0.998–1.0. Results suggest a strong ion exchange mechanism as the main driving force for desorption. The type of anions (such as Cl−and OH−) in solution influences regeneration in addition to the exchanging cation.
Fabrication of graphdiyne and its analogues for photocatalytic application
Authors: Liang Shujie , Deng Hong , Zhou Zhi , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY), an emerging two‐dimensional all‐carbon allotrope, features the coexistence of sp and sp2 hybridized planar carbon atoms. GDY and GDY‐based materials exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, such as well‐defined molecular skeleton, π‐conjugated structure, high specific surface area with porosity, and good electrical conductivity, which have aroused widespread interest in various disciplines. As an emerging field, in this work, we summarize important synthesis strategies of GDY and GDY‐based materials including classical synthesis, chemical vapor deposition, explosion approach, and interface‐assisted methods. We also elaborate the recent modifications to regulate the structure and properties of GDY from the viewpoint of metal doping, non‐metal doping, and heterostructure construction. Meanwhile, recent achievements and progress in the development of energy and environmental applications in photocatalysis are highlighted. Lastly, the challenges and potential developments of GDY in the catalytic research are given at the end of this article.image
The outcome of early life status epilepticus—lessons from laboratory animals
Authors: Kubová Hana , Mikulecká Anna , Mareš Pavel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStatus epilepticus (SE) is the most common neurologic emergency in children. Both clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated that SE in early life can cause brain damage and permanent behavioral abnormalities, trigger epileptogenesis, and interfere with normal brain development. In experimental rodent models, the consequences of seizures are dependent upon age, the model used, and seizure duration. In studies involving neonatal and infantile animals, the model used, experimental design, conditions during the experiment, and manipulation of animals can significantly affect the course of the experiments as well as the results obtained. Standardization of laboratory approaches, harmonization of scientific methodology, and improvement in data collection can improve the comparability of data among laboratories.
Post‐earthquake estimates of different ground motion intensity measures for the 2012 Emilia earthquake
Authors: Buratti Nicola , Simoni Elena , Mazzotti Claudio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEstimates of the earthquake ground motion intensity over a geographical area have multiple uses, that is, emergency management, civil protection and seismic fragility assessment. In particular, with reference to fragility assessment, it is of interest to have estimates of the values of different ground‐motion intensity measures in order to correlate them with the observed damage. To this purpose, the present paper uses a procedure recently proposed in the literature to estimate the ground‐motion intensity for the 2012 Emilia mainshocks, considering different ground motion intensity measures and directionality effects. Ground motion prediction equations based on different site effect models, and spatial correlation models are calibrated for the Emilia earthquakes. The paper discusses the accuracy of the shakemaps obtained using the different soil effect models considered and presents the obtained shakemaps as supplementary material. The procedure presented in the paper is aimed at providing ground motion intensity values for seismic fragility assessment and is not intended as a tool to estimate shakemaps for rapid emergency assessment.
Detection of infill wall damage due to earthquakes from vibration data
Authors: Nicoletti Vanni , Arezzo Davide , Carbonari Sandro , Gara Fabrizio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVibration‐based methodologies are nowadays gaining increasing application for the structural health monitoring and damage detection on buildings, especially damage due to earthquakes. A fast and efficient damage recognition on structural and non‐structural components can support the decision‐making process after exceptional events and may contribute to reduce troubles due to the inoccupancy of buildings.The paper offers insights on the usefulness of vibration data for the damage detection in infilled frame structures starting from the tracking of the stiffness and modal properties of an infilled laboratory steel‐concrete composite mock‐up subjected to vibration‐based tests. The mock‐up has been object of an extensive experimental campaign that involved both quasi‐static cyclic and dynamic tests characterized by different level of excitation provided to the structure. Cyclic load tests are performed to simulate the effects of earthquakes by progressively increasing the imposed displacement to the cracking and then to the failure of infills. The dynamic tests are executed at the various steps to capture the effects of the infill damage on the global dynamic response triggered by excitations of different amplitudes. Results of dynamic and quasi‐static tests are used to correlate the infill damage with the mechanical properties and the modal parameters of the mock‐up, as well as with the vibration amplitude, providing information about the damage expected during low and moderate seismic events as a function of the registered dynamic response of the building by structural health monitoring systems.
Reference class selection in similarity‐based forecasting of corporate sales growth
Authors: Theising Etienne , Wied Dominik , Ziggel Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a general method to handle forecasts exposed to behavioral bias by finding appropriate outside views, in our case corporate sales forecasts of analysts. The idea is to find reference classes, that is, peer groups, for each analyzed company separately that share similarities to the firm of interest with respect to a specific predictor. The classes are regarded to be optimal if the forecasted sales distributions match the actual distributions as closely as possible. The forecast quality is measured by applying goodness‐of‐fit tests on the estimated probability integral transformations and by comparing the predicted quantiles. The method is out‐of‐sample backtested on a data set consisting of 21,808 US firms over the time period 1950–2019, which is also descriptively analyzed. It appears that, in particular, the past operating margins are good predictors for the distribution of future sales. A case study compares the outside view of our distributional forecasts with actual analysts' forecasts and emphasizes the relevance of our approach in practice.
Which factors drive Bitcoin volatility: Macroeconomic, technical, or both?
Authors: Wang Jiqian , Ma Feng , Bouri Elie , Guo Yangli 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAcademic research relies heavily on exogenous drivers to improve the forecasting accuracy of Bitcoin volatility. The present study provides additional insight into the role of both macroeconomic and technical indicators in forecasting the realized volatility of Bitcoin. Using 17 famous macroeconomic variables and 18 technical indicators between December 2011 and April 2021, the results reveal that the shrinkage methods, including elastic net and LASSO, can powerfully extract predictive information from macroeconomic and technical indicators. We further investigate the forecasting power of macroeconomic factors and technical indicators in terms of variable selection, business cycle, and volatility levels, and the results show strong evidence that the macroeconomic indicators (namely, S&P 500 realized volatility, global real economic activity index, and trade‐weighted USD index return) are the most frequently selected by shrinkage method, suggesting that their ability to forecast Bitcoin volatility is stronger than that of technical indicators. However, technical indicators are more powerful in forecasting Bitcoin volatility during the low volatility state.
Interpreting the prediction results of the tree‐based gradient boosting models for financial distress prediction with an explainable machine learning approach
Authors: Liu Jiaming , Li Chengzhang , Ouyang Peng , Liu Jiajia , Wu Chong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFinancial distress prediction is a major issue in the burgeoning fintech field. Given the importance of the reliability of the prediction results, there is an urgent need for the explanatory ability of the financial distress prediction model. From the modeling and explanation point of view, this study employs four prevailing tree‐based gradient boosting models, namely, gradient boosting decision tree, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting machine, and categorical boosting, to build financial distress prediction models by using financial data of listed companies in China from 1998 to 2014 and five different prediction time spans. We observe that tree‐based gradient boosting models have better prediction performance than other prediction models. To explore the reasons for the prediction results, we deploy TreeSHAP. Then, we use Shapley regression to examine the statistically significant relationships between financial indicators and financial distress. We discover that financial indicators, such as net asset value per share and ratio of operating profits to current liabilities, are significantly related to financial distress. There is usually a nonlinear relationship between the financial predictors and prediction target. Thus, this study provides an effective method for financial distress prediction and an explanation of the results for listed companies in China.
Indirect Mechanisms of Transcription Factor‐Mediated Gene Regulation during Cell Fate Changes
Authors: Larcombe Michael R. , Hsu Sheng , Polo Jose M. , Knaupp Anja S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTranscription factors (TFs) are the master regulators of cellular identity, capable of driving cell fate transitions including differentiations, reprogramming, and transdifferentiations. Pioneer TFs recognize partial motifs exposed on nucleosomal DNA, allowing for TF‐mediated activation of repressed chromatin. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting that certain TFs can repress actively expressed genes either directly through interactions with accessible regulatory elements or indirectly through mechanisms that impact the expression, activity, or localization of other regulatory factors. Recent evidence suggests that during reprogramming, the reprogramming TFs initiate opening of chromatin regions rich in somatic TF motifs that are inaccessible in the initial and final cellular states. It is postulated that analogous to a sponge, these transiently accessible regions “soak up” somatic TFs, hence lowering the initial barriers to cell fate changes. This indirect TF‐mediated gene regulation event, which is aptly named the “sponge effect,” may play an essential role in the silencing of the somatic transcriptional network during different cellular conversions.
Focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscopy links pathological myelin outfoldings to axonal changes in mice lacking Plp1 or Mag
Authors: Steyer Anna M. , Buscham Tobias J. , Lorenz Charlotta , Hümmert Sophie , Eichel‐Vogel Maria A. , Schadt Leonie C. , Edgar Julia M. , Köster Sarah , Möbius Wiebke , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Werner Hauke B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHealthy myelin sheaths consist of multiple compacted membrane layers closely encasing the underlying axon. The ultrastructure of CNS myelin requires specialized structural myelin proteins, including the transmembrane‐tetraspan proteolipid protein (PLP) and the Ig‐CAM myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG). To better understand their functional relevance, we asked to what extent the axon/myelin‐units display similar morphological changes if PLP or MAG are lacking. We thus used focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM) to re‐investigate axon/myelin‐units side‐by‐side in Plp‐ and Mag‐null mutant mice. By three‐dimensional reconstruction and morphometric analyses, pathological myelin outfoldings extend up to 10 μm longitudinally along myelinated axons in both models. More than half of all assessed outfoldings emerge from internodal myelin. Unexpectedly, three‐dimensional reconstructions demonstrated that both models displayed complex axonal pathology underneath the myelin outfoldings, including axonal sprouting. Axonal anastomosing was additionally observed in Plp‐null mutant mice. Importantly, normal‐appearing axon/myelin‐units displayed significantly increased axonal diameters in both models according to quantitative assessment of electron micrographs. These results imply that healthy CNS myelin sheaths facilitate normal axonal diameters and shape, a function that is impaired when structural myelin proteins PLP or MAG are lacking.