bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surrogate‐assisted optimization of 3D printed ceramic nonuniform nonplanar microstrip filter
Authors: Mahouti Tarlan , Kuşkonmaz Nilgün , Yıldırım Tülay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, by using 3D printing technology and data‐driven surrogate model‐assisted optimization method, design of a ceramic material‐based nonuniform nonplanar microstrip filter is taken into the consideration in a computationally efficient and low‐cost manner. For this aim, 3D EM model of the proposed design had been used for generating training and validation data sets. Then commonly used state‐of‐the‐art regression algorithms had been used for creating accurate and fast surrogate models to create a mapping between inputs of the model and outputs of the unit element design. After that, Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm had been used for design optimization of a bandpass filter. Then, via the use of 3D printer, the optimally designed filter had been prototyped and its performance characteristics are measured. As a result, by using 3D printer technology, ceramic material, and the proposed method, design optimization of nonuniform nonplanar microstrip filter can be achieved in a computationally efficient way.
A novel registration‐based algorithm for prostate segmentation via the combination of SSM and CNN
Authors: Qin Chunxia , Tu Puxun , Chen Xiaojun , Troccaz Jocelyne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposePrecise determination of target is an essential procedure in prostate interventions, such as prostate biopsy, lesion detection, and targeted therapy. However, the prostate delineation may be tough in some cases due to tissue ambiguity or lack of partial anatomical boundary. In this study, we propose a novel supervised registration‐based algorithm for precise prostate segmentation, which combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) with a statistical shape model (SSM).MethodsThe proposed network mainly consists of two branches. One called SSM‐Net branch was exploited to predict the shape transform matrix, shape control parameters, and shape fine‐tuning vector, for the generation of the prostate boundary. Furthermore, according to the inferred boundary, a normalized distance map was calculated as the output of SSM‐Net. Another branch named ResU‐Net was employed to predict a probability label map from the input images at the same time. Integrating the output of these two branches, the optimal weighted sum of the distance map and the probability map was regarded as the prostate segmentation.ResultsTwo public data sets PROMISE12 and NCI‐ISBI 2013 were utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrated that the segmentation algorithm achieved the best performance with an SSM of 9500 nodes, which obtained a dice of 0.907 and an average surface distance of 1.85 mm. Compared with other methods, our algorithm delineates the prostate region more accurately and efficiently. In addition, we verified the impact of model elasticity augmentation and the fine‐tuning item on the network segmentation capability. As a result, both factors have improved the delineation accuracy, with dice increased by 10% and 7%, respectively.ConclusionsOur segmentation method has the potential to be an effective and robust approach for prostate segmentation.
A computational approach based on extended finite element method for thin porous layers in acoustic problems
Authors: Wu Shaoqi , Dazel Olivier , Legrain Grégory 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe simulation of stationary acoustic fields involving thin porous layers is addressed in the present article. Layer thickness is assumed to be relatively thin in comparison to the overall computational domain, but its non‐negligible acoustic impact must be taken into consideration in the numerical model. Within the classical finite element method (FEM), meshes are compatible at material interfaces and the element distortions needs to be avoided. These requirements usually lead to an excessively costly spatial discretization for these problems of interest, as it forces mesh refinement surrounding the thin layer. This article provides a computational approach to relax this restriction. A generalized interface model derived from the plane wave transfer matrix Method (TMM) is established for modeling thin layers. We develop variationally consistent formulations to impose the interface conditions from models of thin layers for diverse coupling configurations, in which both acoustic fluid and poro‐elastic media are taken into account. The computational domain is discretized using the extended finite element method (X‐FEM) in order to introduce strong discontinuities in elements independently of the mesh. Implementation of the proposed formulations within X‐FEM is verified to be capable of providing accurate and robust solutions. The efficiency and flexibility of the present approach for multi‐layer and complex geometry problems are demonstrated compared to classical interface‐fitted finite element models through different simulation scenarios.
Enhancing potential field data using its dip angle
Authors: Cooper G.R.J. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTThe dip angle of a seismic horizon is a commonly used attribute of seismic data. It has the useful property that it is almost independent of the amplitude of the features being analysed. When appropriately rescaled, it can also be a useful edge detector for potential field data. Rescaling is necessary because the gradients of potential field data are not dimensionless. The rescaling also allows the amplitude balancing effect to be controlled, which is useful when poor quality data are being processed. The dip angle of synthetic data and aeromagnetic data from South Africa are analysed and the filter is found to be effective.
Psychological distress of cancer patients caused by treatment delay during the COVID‐19 pandemic in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: ye Yingjun , Wang Jin , Cai Shuping , Fu Xiaowei , Ji Yongling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe currents study sought to explore the impact of treatment delay on the mental health for patients with cancer during the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic.MethodsTravel restrictions were imposed in most areas of the country between 23 January 2020 and 25 February 2020 owing to the COVID‐19 epidemic. Travel restrictions were lifted from 26 February 2020 to 12 March 2020. The number of new confirmed cases significantly reduced after 12 March 2020. Study participants, comprised of individuals from three distinct groups: (1) 835 cancer patients who attended Zhejiang Cancer Hospital between 26 February 2020 and 12 March 2020; (2) 185 healthy volunteers recruited between 26 February 2020 and 12 March 2020; (3) 168 cancer patients who attended the hospital during the non‐epidemic period (after 12 March 2020). Two outcome measures including patients' posttraumatic stress responses and general psychological distress (GPD) were assessed using the Chinese versions of the Impact of Events Scale‐Revised and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Treatment delay was assessed via counting the time interval from diagnosis to treatment initiation, or from planned treatment date to actual date of therapy. Communication satisfaction was evaluated via a self‐report questionnaire. An independent sample t‐test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for comparison. Statistical analysis included Chi‐square test, Mann‐Whitney test and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsAll 1188 participants (835 patients with cancer and 185 controls during the outbreak, and 168 patients with cancer during the non‐epidemic period) completed and submitted the questionnaires. A positive association was observed between treatment delays and increased GPD levels (OR 1.716; 95% confidence interval ,CI 1.254–2.348; p = 0.001) as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (OR: 1.545, 95% CI: (1.166–2.047), p = 0.002). Patients who reported good communication with their doctors showed a significantly lower risk of GPD (OR: 0.526, 95% CI (0.348–0.794), p = 0.002) and PTSD (OR: 0.683, 95% CI (0.490–0.951), p = 0.024) compared with patients who reported unsatisfactory communication or had no contact with their doctors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that treatment at a local hospital, treatment delays and unsatisfactory or no communication with cancer‐care professionals were significantly correlated with severe GPD and PTSD symptoms of patients (all p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe findings indicate that cancer patients who underwent treatment delays during the COVID‐19 pandemic may become vulnerable to psychological distress. The results showed that effective communication with doctors and cancer‐care professionals during outbreak significantly reduces GPD levels and PTSD symptoms.
In silico study predicts a key role of RNA‐binding domains 3 and 4 in nucleolin–miRNA interactions
Authors: San Avdar , Palmieri Dario , Saxena Anjana , Singh Shaneen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate many important cellular processes through their interactions with RNA molecules. RBPs are critical for posttranscriptional mechanisms keeping gene regulation in a fine equilibrium. Conversely, dysregulation of RBPs and RNA metabolism pathways is an established hallmark of tumorigenesis. Human nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional RBP that interacts with different types of RNA molecules, in part through its four RNA binding domains (RBDs). Particularly, NCL interacts directly with microRNAs (miRNAs) and is involved in their aberrant processing linked with many cancers, including breast cancer. Nonetheless, molecular details of the NCL–miRNA interaction remain obscure. In this study, we used an in silico approach to characterize how NCL targets miRNAs and whether this specificity is imposed by a definite RBD‐interface. Here, we present structural models of NCL‐RBDs and miRNAs, as well as predict scenarios of NCL–miRNA interactions generated using docking algorithms. Our study suggests a predominant role of NCL RBDs 3 and 4 (RBD3‐4) in miRNA binding. We provide detailed analyses of specific motifs/residues at the NCL‐substrate interface in both these RBDs and miRNAs. Finally, we propose that the evolutionary emergence of more than two RBDs in NCL in higher organisms coincides with its additional role/s in miRNA processing. Our study shows that RBD3‐4 display sequence/structural determinants to specifically recognize miRNA precursor molecules. Moreover, the insights from this study can ultimately support the design of novel antineoplastic drugs aimed at regulating NCL‐dependent biological pathways with a causal role in tumorigenesis.
The stable atmospheric boundary layer over snow‐covered sea ice: Model evaluation with fine‐scale ISOBAR18 observations
Authors: Lorenz T. , Mayer S. , Kral S. T. , Suomi I. , Steeneveld G.‐J. , Holtslag A. A. M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA realistic representation of the stable atmospheric boundary layer in numerical weather prediction (NWP) and climate models is still a challenge. We study the evolution of a stable boundary layer over snow‐covered sea ice in Bothnian Bay during wintertime in 2018. We perform high‐resolution model experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model in its single‐column model configuration and its default mesoscale configuration to assess which physical processes are essential to predict near‐surface variables correctly. We evaluate our model runs against the unique observational dataset collected during ISOBAR18, which combines novel, upper‐air measurements by an uncrewed aircraft system with wind lidar, sodar, and conventional meteorological mast data. By analysing surface fluxes in the single‐column model, we demonstrate how the atmospheric cooling at the ground can be modelled more realistically than in the mesoscale set‐up. We show that surface albedo and sea‐ice thickness are essential for the surface energy balance in the model, and we demonstrate how the surface fluxes in the mesoscale downscaling with default settings are subject to strong biases. We also show that the ERA5 reanalysis is not capable of representing the observed surface meteorology in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Our study illustrates the importance of surface albedo and sea‐ice thickness for NWP models. Though a seasonal snow albedo is already in use in many NWP settings, the routine inclusion of sea‐ice thickness, in particular, would be a great step forward for weather forecasts and regional climate simulations.
The relationship between chikungunya virus and the kidneys: A scoping review
Authors: Costa Denise Maria do Nascimento , Gouveia Pedro Alves da Cruz , Silva Gyl Eanes de Barros , Neves Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes , Vajgel Gisele , Cavalcante Maria Alina Gomes de Mattos , Oliveira Camila Barbosa Lyra de , Valente Lucila Maria , Silveira Vera Magalhães da 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeveral atypical forms of chikungunya fever (CHIK) have been described, including neurological, cardiac and renal involvement. These forms may be related to high morbidity and mortality rates. This scoping review based on the PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases aims to identify and summarise all the available evidence regarding the clinical and histopathological presentations and risk factors associated with kidney injury related to CHIK, as well as the clinical impact. Thus, a total of 54 papers were selected from 1606 initial references after applying the defined inclusion criteria. Data on the association between kidney injury and CHIK are scarce, with studies only conducted in the acute phase of the disease, lacking further characterisation. Kidney injury incidence in hospitalised patients using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria varies from 21% to 45%, being higher among patients with atypical and severe manifestations. Although acute kidney injury does not seem to be related to viraemia, it may be related to higher mortality. Few studies have described the renal histopathological changes in the acute phase of CHIK, with prevalent findings of acute interstitial nephritis with mononuclear infiltrate, glomerular congestion and nephrosclerosis. Only one study assessed the kidney function of patients in the subacute and chronic phases of CHIK. Additionally, individuals with comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease, may be among those with a greater risk of presenting worse outcomes when affected by CHIK. The results described herein may contribute to better understand the relationship between the kidneys and chikungunya virus.
Singing the Same Song: Engaging Families in Read Two Impress Plus
Authors: Nash Kindel Turner , Michael Joshua , Mata‐McMahon Jennifer , Lee Jiyoon , Ackerman Kris'tina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRead Two Impress Plus (R2I+) is a fluency‐building routine involving students and a more experienced reader in an echo reading process using culturally and linguistically authentic texts. R2I+ was offered as a partnership‐centered, culturally and linguistically affirming family engagement to improve the literacy proficiency of students, aged 7–12, at two urban schools in the Mid‐Atlantic. Results of this mixed methods study indicate that the family literacy routine had a positive impact on the participating students' reading fluency. In addition, the engagement had a positive influence on the way family members engaged with their children in reading and literacy practices at home.
Synthesis and structure of silylene iron complex
Authors: Fan Qingqing , Li Qingshuang , Qi Xinghao , Du Xinyu , Ren Shishuai , Li Xiaoyan , Fuhr Olaf , Sun Hongjian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFour phosphorus‐chalcogen chelated hydrido iron(II) complexes5–8(o‐(Ph2P)‐p‐R‐C6H4Y)Fe(H)(PMe3)3(5: R=H, Y=S;6: R=Me, Y=S;7: R=H, Y=O and8: R=Me, Y=O) were used to synthesize the corresponding silylene hydrido iron(II) complexes. It was found that complexes5–6reacted with chlorosilylene1to give the silylene iron(II) hydrides9–10as ligand replacement products of trimethylphosphine by chlorosilylene1. Under the same reaction conditions, complex7or8reacted with chlorosilylene1to afford a disilylene iron(I) chloride11. Complex11can also be synthesized through the reaction of Fe(PMe3)4with chlorosilylene1. The molecular structures of complexes9–11were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
A Homoleptic Diphosphatetrahedrane Nickel(0) Complex
Authors: Uttendorfer Maria K. , Hierlmeier Gabriele , Wolf Robert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe stable diphosphatetrahedrane, (tBuCP)2, was isolated only recently, and its coordination chemistry has been little explored so far. Herein we report the synthesis of [Ni{η2‐(tBuCP)2}3] (1) by CO substitution of Ni(CO)4 with (tBuCP)2. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that 1 features three intact diphosphatetrahedrane molecules coordinated via their P−P bonds to a single nickel(0) atom. Multinuclear NMR studies suggest that the structure of 1 is retained in solution. The bonding situation is analysed using quantum chemical methods. The coordination behavior of (tBuCP)2 is compared to the isoelectronic P4 molecule, which scarcely forms complexes of intact P4 tetrahedra.
Estimation of the concentrations of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls in human serum using ionization efficiency prediction for electrospray
Authors: Khabazbashi Sara , Engelhardt Josefin , Möckel Claudia , Weiss Jana , Kruve Anneli 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydroxylated PCBs are an important class of metabolites of the widely distributed environmental contaminants polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). However, the absence of authentic standards is often a limitation when subject to detection, identification, and quantification. Recently, new strategies to quantify compounds detected with non-targeted LC/ESI/HRMS based on predicted ionization efficiency values have emerged. Here, we evaluate the impact of chemical space coverage and sample matrix on the accuracy of ionization efficiency-based quantification. We show that extending the chemical space of interest is crucial in improving the performance of quantification. Therefore, we extend the ionization efficiency-based quantification approach to hydroxylated PCBs in serum samples with a retraining approach that involves 14 OH-PCBs and validate it with an additional four OH-PCBs. The predicted and measured ionization efficiency values of the OH-PCBs agreed within the mean error of 2.1 × and enabled quantification with the mean error of 4.4 × or better. We observed that the error mostly arose from the ionization efficiency predictions and the impact of matrix effects was of less importance, varying from 37 to 165%. The results show that there is potential for predictive machine learning models for quantification even in very complex matrices such as serum. Further, retraining the already developed models provides a timely and cost-effective solution for extending the chemical space of the application area.
Global existence and blow-up of solutions to porous medium equation and pseudo-parabolic equation, I. Stratified groups
Authors: Ruzhansky Michael , Sabitbek Bolys , Torebek Berikbol 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we prove a global existence and blow-up of the positive solutions to the initial-boundary value problem of the nonlinear porous medium equation and the nonlinear pseudo-parabolic equation on the stratified Lie groups. Our proof is based on the concavity argument and the Poincaré inequality, established in Ruzhansky and Suragan (J Differ Eq 262:1799–1821, 2017) for stratified groups.
Experimental investigation of heat transfer from elliptic tubes heat exchanger immersed in a fluidized bed
Authors: Sakr R. Y. , Abd-Rabboh M. A. , Mandour M. M. , Mohammad M. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, heat transfer, wall-to-bed, characteristics from elliptic tubes heat exchangers, both inline and staggered tubes arrangements, were studied experimentally. Bundles of twenty tubes of the same total surface area of 0.015 m2 and a length of 200 mm are immersed in a bed of granulated charcoal of different grain sizes, 2, 4 and 6 mm. Air was used as a fluidizing fluid. One of these tubes which was made of copper, instrumented, electrically heated and positioned in the middle of tube bundle, while the others are wooden dummy to be influenced only by the presence of the neighbouring tubes. Measurements are reported in the range of fluidization number within range of 1 to1.4. The results showed that, the local Nusselt number around the elliptic heated tube is about uniform with its maximum value at the tube sides and minimum at the stagnation and rear points of the tube. In addition, the average Nusselt number increases with the increase of the fluidization number and with the decrease in particle diameter. Heat transfer characteristics were found to improve in staggered tube bundle if compared with the inline tube arrangements. The present results of pressure drop and average Nusselt numbers were validated with a numerical model of the same conditions for the case of particle diameter of 2 mm. Good qualitative and quantitative agreements have been achieved between experimental and numerical data. Finally, correlation equations for the average heat transfer in terms of Nu, fluidization number and tube to particle diameter ratio are deduced.
Critical Limb Ischemia in Nonagenarians: A Challenge of Our Times
Authors: Casajuana Urgell Eduard , Calsina Juscafresa Laura , Nieto Fernandez Lluis , Romero Montaña Lorena , Llort Pont Carme , Clarà Velasco Albert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs a result of the increasing life expectancy of the western population, the number of older patients with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) seeking medical care is growing. Our objective was to describe the characteristics of a consecutive series of nonagenarian patients with CLTI and evaluate the outcomes of their management.Materials and methodsRetrospective analysis of a consecutive series of nonagenarian patients with CLTI attended at our institution between 2005 and 2019. Primary endpoints were 1‐year limb salvage and survival rates.ResultsA total of 171 patients were included (mean age 92.7, 51.5% women), of which in 59 (34.5%) primary major amputation (n = 10) or palliative care (n = 49) was indicated at presentation because of severe dementia (n = 30, 50.8%), knee retraction (n = 17, 28.8%), terminal condition (n = 13, 22%) or a non‐salvageable foot (n = 28, 47.4%). In the remaining 112 (65.5%), the need for a revascularization was further assessed finally performing A) conservative treatment/minor amputation (n = 57, 50.9%), B) revascularization (n = 50, 44.6%) or C) direct major amputation (n = 5, 4.4%), with 1‐year limb salvage and survival rates of 93.1 and 57.4%, respectively. Predictive factors for lower survival included age >92 years (HR = 1,59, p = 0.041), hemoglobin <10.5 mg/dL (HR 2,34, p < 0.001), congestive heart failure (HR = 1.65, p = 0.036), non‐severe dementia (HR 3,11, p < 0.001) and current mobility with wheelchair (HR 1,74, p = 0.014).ConclusionNearly one‐third of nonagenarian patients with CLTI have a direct indication for amputation or palliative care at presentation. In the remaining, a judicious approach with conservative treatment, minor amputation or revascularization procedures yields excellent limb salvage rates. Survival is, however, the cornerstone of these patients. It can be predicted with certain clinical factors which may help decision‐making.