bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric metalens for miniaturized imaging systems: progress and challenges
Authors: Pan Meiyan , Fu Yifei , Zheng Mengjie , Chen Hao , Zang Yujia , Duan Huigao , Li Qiang , Qiu Min , Hu Yueqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLightweight, miniaturized optical imaging systems are vastly anticipated in these fields of aerospace exploration, industrial vision, consumer electronics, and medical imaging. However, conventional optical techniques are intricate to downscale as refractive lenses mostly rely on phase accumulation. Metalens, composed of subwavelength nanostructures that locally control light waves, offers a disruptive path for small-scale imaging systems. Recent advances in the design and nanofabrication of dielectric metalenses have led to some high-performance practical optical systems. This review outlines the exciting developments in the aforementioned area whilst highlighting the challenges of using dielectric metalenses to replace conventional optics in miniature optical systems. After a brief introduction to the fundamental physics of dielectric metalenses, the progress and challenges in terms of the typical performances are introduced. The supplementary discussion on the common challenges hindering further development is also presented, including the limitations of the conventional design methods, difficulties in scaling up, and device integration. Furthermore, the potential approaches to address the existing challenges are also deliberated.
MTA1 aggravates experimental colitis in mice by promoting transcription factor HIF1A and up-regulating AQP4 expression
Authors: Li Ping , Shi Dong-Ping , Jin Tao , Tang Dong , Wang Wei , Wang Liu-Hua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExperimental colitis can persist as a chronic disease, accompanied with an underlying risk of development into colorectal cancer. Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1), as a chromatin modifier, exerts notable association with multiple diseases, including colitis. The current study aims to investigate the mechanism of MTA1/HIF1A/AQP4 axis in experimental colitis in mice. First, experimental colitis mouse models were established using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and in vitro colonic epithelial cells FHC inflammation models were with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for determination of MTA1 and HIF1A expressions. It was found that MTA1 and HIF1A were both highly-expressed in experimental colitis samples. Results of dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP assay further revealed that MTA1 activated HIF1A, and subsequently induced AQP4 transcription to up-regulate AQP4 in experimental colitis. Following loss- and gain-function, the effects of MTA1/HIF1A/AQP4 axis on apoptosis and viability of colon epithelial cells were detected by a combination of TUNEL staining and flow cytometry, and CCK-8 assay. It was observed that silencing of MAT1 in the FHC and NCM460 cells reduced IL-1β and TNF-α expressions induced by LPS. Meanwhile, AQP4 promoted LPS-induced inflammation, and exacerbated apoptosis of colon epithelial cells and augmented experimental colitis development in mice. In vivo experiments further verified that TGN-020 treatment effectively alleviated DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice and diminished apoptosis of colon epithelial cells. Altogether, MTA1 may promote AQP4 transcription by activating HIF1A, thus exacerbating DSS-induced experimental colitis in mice, which provides a novel direction for the treatment of experimental colitis.
The genomic basis of the plant island syndrome in Darwin’s giant daisies
Authors: Cerca José , Petersen Bent , Lazaro-Guevara José Miguel , Rivera-Colón Angel , Birkeland Siri , Vizueta Joel , Li Siyu , Li Qionghou , Loureiro João , Kosawang Chatchai , Díaz Patricia Jaramillo , Rivas-Torres Gonzalo , Fernández-Mazuecos Mario , Vargas Pablo , McCauley Ross A. , Petersen Gitte , Santos-Bay Luisa , Wales Nathan , Catchen Julian M. , Machado Daniel , Nowak Michael D. , Suh Alexander , Sinha Neelima R. , Nielsen Lene R. , Seberg Ole , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Leebens-Mack James H. , Rieseberg Loren H. , Martin Michael D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe repeated, rapid and often pronounced patterns of evolutionary divergence observed in insular plants, or the ‘plant island syndrome’, include changes in leaf phenotypes, growth, as well as the acquisition of a perennial lifestyle. Here, we sequence and describe the genome of the critically endangered, Galápagos-endemic speciesScalesia atractyloidesArnot., obtaining a chromosome-resolved, 3.2-Gbp assembly containing 43,093 candidate gene models. Using a combination of fossil transposable elements,k-mer spectra analyses and orthologue assignment, we identify the two ancestral genomes, and date their divergence and the polyploidization event, concluding that the ancestor of all extantScalesiaspecies was an allotetraploid. There are a comparable number of genes and transposable elements across the two subgenomes, and while their synteny has been mostly conserved, we find multiple inversions that may have facilitated adaptation. We identify clear signatures of selection across genes associated with vascular development, growth, adaptation to salinity and flowering time, thus finding compelling evidence for a genomic basis of the island syndrome in one of Darwin’s giant daisies.
SHLD1 is dispensable for 53BP1-dependent V(D)J recombination but critical for productive class switch recombination
Authors: Vincendeau Estelle , Wei Wenming , Zhang Xuefei , Planchais Cyril , Yu Wei , Lenden-Hasse Hélène , Cokelaer Thomas , Pipoli da Fonseca Juliana , Mouquet Hugo , Adams David J. , Alt Frederick W. , Jackson Stephen P. , Balmus Gabriel , Lescale Chloé , Deriano Ludovic 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSHLD1 is part of the Shieldin (SHLD) complex, which acts downstream of 53BP1 to counteract DNA double-strand break (DSB) end resection and promote DNA repair via non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). While 53BP1 is essential for immunoglobulin heavy chain class switch recombination (CSR), long-range V(D)J recombination and repair of RAG-induced DSBs in XLF-deficient cells, the function of SHLD during these processes remains elusive. Here we report that SHLD1 is dispensable for lymphocyte development and RAG-mediated V(D)J recombination, even in the absence of XLF. By contrast, SHLD1 is essential for restricting resection at AID-induced DSB ends in both NHEJ-proficient and NHEJ-deficient B cells, providing an end-protection mechanism that permits productive CSR by NHEJ and alternative end-joining. Finally, we show that this SHLD1 function is required for orientation-specific joining of AID-initiated DSBs. Our data thus suggest that 53BP1 promotes V(D)J recombination and CSR through two distinct mechanisms: SHLD-independent synapsis of V(D)J segments and switch regions within chromatin, and SHLD-dependent protection of AID-DSB ends against resection.
Clonal reconstruction from co-occurrence of vector integration sites accurately quantifies expanding clones in vivo
Authors: Wagner Sebastian , Baldow Christoph , Calabria Andrea , Rudilosso Laura , Gallina Pierangela , Montini Eugenio , Cesana Daniela , Glauche Ingmar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHigh transduction rates of viral vectors in gene therapies (GT) and experimental hematopoiesis ensure a high frequency of gene delivery, although multiple integration events can occur in the same cell. Therefore, tracing of integration sites (IS) leads to mis-quantification of the true clonal spectrum and limits safety considerations in GT. Hence, we use correlations between repeated measurements of IS abundances to estimate their mutual similarity and identify clusters of co-occurring IS, for which we assume a clonal origin. We evaluate the performance, robustness and specificity of our methodology using clonal simulations. The reconstruction methods, implemented and provided as an R-package, are further applied to experimental clonal mixes and preclinical models of hematopoietic GT. Our results demonstrate that clonal reconstruction from IS data allows to overcome systematic biases in the clonal quantification as an essential prerequisite for the assessment of safety and long-term efficacy of GT involving integrative vectors.
Glutamine deficiency in solid tumor cells confers resistance to ribosomal RNA synthesis inhibitors
Authors: Pan Melvin , Zorbas Christiane , Sugaya Maki , Ishiguro Kensuke , Kato Miki , Nishida Miyuki , Zhang Hai-Feng , Candeias Marco M. , Okamoto Akimitsu , Ishikawa Takamasa , Soga Tomoyoshi , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Sakai Juro , Matsumura Yoshihiro , Suzuki Tsutomu , Proud Christopher G. , Lafontaine Denis L. J. , Osawa Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRibosome biogenesis is an energetically expensive program that is dictated by nutrient availability. Here we report that nutrient deprivation severely impairs precursor ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing and leads to the accumulation of unprocessed rRNAs. Upon nutrient restoration, pre-rRNAs stored under starvation are processed into mature rRNAs that are utilized for ribosome biogenesis. Failure to accumulate pre-rRNAs under nutrient stress leads to perturbed ribosome assembly upon nutrient restoration and subsequent apoptosis via uL5/uL18-mediated activation of p53. Restoration of glutamine alone activates p53 by triggering uL5/uL18 translation. Induction of uL5/uL18 protein synthesis by glutamine is dependent on the translation factor eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2), which is in turn dependent on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. Depriving cells of glutamine prevents the activation of p53 by rRNA synthesis inhibitors. Our data reveals a mechanism that tumor cells can exploit to suppress p53-mediated apoptosis during fluctuations in environmental nutrient availability.
Perfluorocycloparaphenylenes
Authors: Shudo Hiroki , Kuwayama Motonobu , Shimasaki Masafumi , Nishihara Taishi , Takeda Youhei , Mitoma Nobuhiko , Kuwabara Takuya , Yagi Akiko , Segawa Yasutomo , Itami Kenichiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerfluorinated aromatic compounds, the so-called perfluoroarenes, are widely used in materials science owing to their high electron affinity and characteristic intermolecular interactions. However, methods to synthesize highly strained perfluoroarenes are limited, which greatly limits their structural diversity. Herein, we report the synthesis and isolation of perfluorocycloparaphenylenes (PFCPPs) as a class of ring-shaped perfluoroarenes. Using macrocyclic nickel complexes, we succeeded in synthesizing PF[n]CPPs (n = 10, 12, 14, 16) in one-pot without noble metals. The molecular structures of PF[n]CPPs (n = 10, 12, 14) were determined by X-ray crystallography to confirm their tubular alignment. Photophysical and electrochemical measurements revealed that PF[n]CPPs (n = 10, 12, 14) exhibited wide HOMO–LUMO gaps, high reduction potentials, and strong phosphorescence at low temperature. PFCPPs are not only useful as electron-accepting organic materials but can also be used for accelerating the creation of topologically unique molecular nanocarbon materials.
Prediction of stable Li-Sn compounds: boosting ab initio searches with neural network potentials
Authors: Kharabadze Saba , Thorn Aidan , Koulakova Ekaterina A. , Kolmogorov Aleksey N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Li-Sn binary system has been the focus of extensive research because it features Li-rich alloys with potential applications as battery anodes. Our present re-examination of the binary system with a combination of machine learning and ab initio methods has allowed us to screen a vast configuration space and uncover a number of overlooked thermodynamically stable alloys. At ambient pressure, our evolutionary searches identified an additional stable Li3Sn phase with a large BCC-based hR48 structure and a possible high-TLiSn4ground state. By building a simple model for the observed and predicted Li-Sn BCC alloys we constructed an even larger viable hR75 structure at an exotic 19:6 stoichiometry. At 20 GPa, low-symmetry 11:2, 5:1, and 9:2 phases found with our global searches destabilize previously proposed phases with high Li content. The findings showcase the appreciable promise machine-learning interatomic potentials hold for accelerating ab initio prediction of complex materials.
Intranasal immunization with avian paramyxovirus type 3 expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Park Hong-Su , Matsuoka Yumiko , Luongo Cindy , Yang Lijuan , Santos Celia , Liu Xueqiao , Ahlers Laura R. H. , Moore Ian N. , Afroz Sharmin , Johnson Reed F. , Lafont Bernard A. P. , Dorward David W. , Fischer Elizabeth R. , Martens Craig , Samal Siba K. , Munir Shirin , Buchholz Ursula J. , Le Nouën Cyril 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrent vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are administered parenterally and appear to be more protective in the lower versus the upper respiratory tract. Vaccines are needed that directly stimulate immunity in the respiratory tract, as well as systemic immunity. We used avian paramyxovirus type 3 (APMV3) as an intranasal vaccine vector to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein. A lack of pre-existing immunity in humans and attenuation by host-range restriction make APMV3 a vector of interest. The SARS-CoV-2 S protein was stabilized in its prefusion conformation by six proline substitutions (S-6P) rather than the two that are used in most vaccine candidates, providing increased stability. APMV3 expressing S-6P (APMV3/S-6P) replicated to high titers in embryonated chicken eggs and was genetically stable, whereas APMV3 expressing non-stabilized S or S-2P were unstable. In hamsters, a single intranasal dose of APMV3/S-6P induced strong serum IgG and IgA responses to the S protein and its receptor-binding domain, and strong serum neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 isolate WA1/2020 (lineage A). Sera from APMV3/S-6P-immunized hamsters also efficiently neutralized Alpha and Beta variants of concern. Immunized hamsters challenged with WA1/2020 did not exhibit the weight loss and lung inflammation observed in empty-vector-immunized controls; SARS-CoV-2 replication in the upper and lower respiratory tract of immunized animals was low or undetectable compared to the substantial replication in controls. Thus, a single intranasal dose of APMV3/S-6P was highly immunogenic and protective against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, suggesting that APMV3/S-6P is suitable for clinical development.
A bacteria-based carbon sequestration and waste recycling system
Authors: La Yeon Hwa , Lee Ki-Sung , Kim Tae-Wan , Song Jae Yang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAchieving carbon neutrality requires a variety of technological approaches. In the present study, we confirmed the applicability of a carbon cycle system in several industrial fields using sulphur-oxidising bacteria. This system produces a nitrogen fertiliser, which decreases carbon emissions by recycling H2S and NH3 pollutants discharged into the atmosphere or wastewater. It should be considered in industrial fields as a carbon reduction strategy.
The metabolism of 1,25(OH)2D3 in clinical and experimental kidney disease
Authors: Turner Mandy E. , Rowsell Tyler S. , White Christine A. , Kaufmann Martin , Norman Patrick A. , Neville Kathryn , Petkovich Martin , Jones Glenville , Adams Michael A. , Holden Rachel M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) results in calcitriol deficiency and altered vitamin D metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess the 24-hydroxylation-mediated metabolism of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 in a cross-sectional analysis of participants with a range of kidney function assessed by precise measured GFR (mGFR) (N = 143) and in rats with the induction and progression of experimental kidney disease. Vitamin D metabolites were assessed with LC–MS/MS. Circulating measures of 24-hydroxylation of 25(OH)D3 (24,25(OH)2D3:25(OH)D3) precisely decreased according to mGFR in humans and progressively in rats with developing CKD. In contrast, the 1,24,25(OH)3D3: 1,25(OH)2D3 vitamin D metabolite ratio increased in humans as the mGFR decreased and in rats with the induction and progression of CKD. Human participants taking cholecalciferol had higher circulating 1,24,25(OH)3D3, despite no increase of 1,25(OH)2D3. This first report of circulating 1,24,25(OH)3D3 in the setting of CKD provides novel insight into the uniquely altered vitamin D metabolism in this setting. A better understanding of the uniquely dysfunctional catabolic vitamin D profile in CKD may guide more effective treatment strategies. The potential that 24-hydroxylated products have biological activity of is an important area of future research.
Alpha-power in electroencephalography as good outcome predictor for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors
Authors: Kim Min-Jee , Kim Youn-Jung , Yum Mi-Sun , Kim Won Young 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the utility of quantitative EEG biomarkers for predicting good neurologic outcomes in OHCA survivors treated with targeted temperature management (TTM) using power spectral density (PSD), event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP), and spectral entropy (SE). This observational registry-based study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Korea using data of adult nontraumatic comatose OHCA survivors who underwent standard EEG and treated with TTM between 2010 and 2018. Good neurological outcome at 1 month (Cerebral Performance Category scores 1 and 2) was the primary outcome. The linear mixed model analysis was performed for PSD, ESRP, and SE values of all and each frequency band. Thirteen of the 54 comatose OHCA survivors with TTM and EEG were excluded due to poor EEG quality or periodic/rhythmic pattern, and EEG data of 41 patients were used for analysis. The median time to EEG was 21 h, and the rate of the good neurologic outcome at 1 month was 52.5%. The good neurologic outcome group was significantly younger and showed higher PSD and ERSP and lower SE features for each frequency than the poor outcome group. After age adjustment, only the alpha-PSD was significantly higher in the good neurologic outcome group (1.13 ± 1.11 vs. 0.09 ± 0.09, p = 0.031) and had best performance with 0.903 of the area under the curve for predicting good neurologic outcome. Alpha-PSD best predicts good neurologic outcome in OHCA survivors and is an early biomarker for prognostication. Larger studies are needed to conclusively confirm these findings.
Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on the postharvest quality of mulberry leaf vegetable
Authors: Yang Teng-da , Chen Yu-long , Zeng Fan-kun , Ye Ming-qiang , Wang Ling , Luo Zheng , Qi Ying-wei , Chen Fei-ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFresh mulberry leaf vegetable is nutritive and becoming popular. However, available preservation technologies are deficient. In present work, the effects of two kinds of modified atmosphere packaging on postharvest quality of fresh mulberry leaf vegetable stored at 4 °C were evaluated. The respiration rate of samples in the modified polyethylene packages (MP20) was 12.88–22.65% lower than that in normal polyethylene packaging (CK). The content of total soluble solids, soluble protein, and total polyphenol in MP20 was less changed than that in CK, and the vitamin C retention was higher as well. Moreover, the lignin content in MP20 was lower than that in CK during storage (19.79% vs 13.38% at day 8), and that was significantly positively related to the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activities inhibition. Taken together, a packaging with moderate gas permeability (MP20) is suitable for nutrition maintenance and lignification inhibition of fresh mulberry leaf vegetable during cold storage.
A novel privacy‐preserved voluntary outage management model on a transactive energy scheme
Authors: Riki Mahshid , Koochaki Mohaddese , Moeini‐Aghtaie Moein , Abbaspour Ali , Mazaheri Hesam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnpredictable occurrence of natural disasters in modern power systems has significantly increased the attentions to the outage management of multi‐microgrid (MMG) systems. In this regard, a multi‐objective two‐stage outage management scheme is presented in this paper to protect undamaged microgrids (MGs) against load curtailment and minimize the curtailed loads simultaneously. Considering the importance of power system economic, this scheme is designed in a privacy‐preserved transactive energy (TE) market and enables all MGs to participate in outage management voluntarily. In detail, a DC optimization is autonomously operated in the first stage in each MG to supply its demand loads. Then, the second stage is designed to exchange the surplus power of the last stage with the damaged MGs. These voluntary power transactions are pre‐specified in contracts, adjusted between each MG and distributed system operator (DSO). Moreover, in this stage, the ADMM algorithm based on DC‐OPF has prepared a privacy protection platform and proved the results’ accuracy. The presented test grid is the IEEE 34‐node test system and the numeric results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multi‐objective scheme.
The Role of Laparoscopic Treatment of Choledochal Malformation in Europe: A Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature
Authors: Schukfeh Nagoud , Abo-Namous Reem , Madadi-Sanjani Omid , Uecker Marie , Petersen Claus , Ure Benno M. , Kuebler Joachim F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background Numerous studies from Asian countries, including large collectives, have reported excellent results after laparoscopic resection of choledochal malformation (CM). However, the role of laparoscopic CM resection is still controversial outside Asia. We aimed to analyze the outcome of laparoscopic CM resection in our institution and to compare our outcome with the data reported in the literature.
Methods All patients who underwent laparoscopic CM resection in our pediatric surgical department from 2002 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed for surgical details and postoperative complications, which were graded according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. A systematic literature search identified all reports on over 10 cases of laparoscopic pediatric CM resection and surgical details, follow-up, and complication rates were extracted.
Results Fifty-seven patients (72% female) with a mean age of 3.6 + 4.1 years underwent laparoscopic CM resection in our department. Conversion rate was 30%. Total complication rate was 28%. The rate of major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade III or more) was 16% and included stricture of the biliodigestive or enteric anastomosis (n = 4), adhesive ileus (n = 3), portal vein thrombosis (n = 1), and recurrent cholangitis with consecutive liver transplantation (n = 1). With increasing experience, complication rates decreased. The majority of publications on laparoscopic CM resections originated from Asia (n = 36) and reported on low complication rates. In contrast, publications originating from non-Asian countries (n = 5) reported on higher complications following laparoscopic CM resection.
Conclusion Our data indicate that laparoscopic CM resection can be safely performed. The learning curve in combination with the low incidence calls for a centralization of patients who undergo laparoscopic CM resection. There seems to be a discrepancy on complications rates reported from Asian and non-Asian countries following laparoscopic CM resection.