bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposome-wide ranking of modifiable risk factors for cardiometabolic disease traits
Authors: Poveda Alaitz , Pomares-Millan Hugo , Chen Yan , Kurbasic Azra , Patel Chirag J. , Renström Frida , Hallmans Göran , Johansson Ingegerd , Franks Paul W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study assessed the temporal associations of ~ 300 lifestyle exposures with nine cardiometabolic traits to identify exposures/exposure groups that might inform lifestyle interventions for the reduction of cardiometabolic disease risk. The analyses were undertaken in a longitudinal sample comprising > 31,000 adults living in northern Sweden. Linear mixed models were used to assess the average associations of lifestyle exposures and linear regression models were used to test associations with 10-year change in the cardiometabolic traits. ‘Physical activity’ and ‘General Health’ were the exposure categories containing the highest number of ‘tentative signals’ in analyses assessing the average association of lifestyle variables, while ‘Tobacco use’ was the top category for the 10-year change association analyses. Eleven modifiable variables showed a consistent average association among the majority of cardiometabolic traits. These variables belonged to the domains: (i) Smoking, (ii) Beverage (filtered coffee), (iii) physical activity, (iv) alcohol intake, and (v) specific variables related to Nordic lifestyle (hunting/fishing during leisure time and boiled coffee consumption). We used an agnostic, data-driven approach to assess a wide range of established and novel risk factors for cardiometabolic disease. Our findings highlight key variables, along with their respective effect estimates, that might be prioritised for subsequent prediction models and lifestyle interventions.
Alternate gene expression profiling of monoterpenes in Hymenocrater longiflorus as a novel pharmaceutical plant under water deficit
Authors: Saed-Moucheshi Armin , Mozafari Ali Akbar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHymenocrater longiflorus (surahalala) is a wild plant species with potential pharmaceutical and ornamental interest. To date, the genomics of this plant is unknown and the gene expression profiling of the genes related to its metabolite has never been studied before. In order to study the responses of in vitro-grown surahalala plants to abiotic stresses and the differential expression of the genes related to its essential oils under exogenous proline application; three levels of PEG600 (0, 10, and 20%) and five levels of proline (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 µm) were combined in the culture media. Thus, water deficit increased oxidants levels and decreased fresh weight of surahalala tissues, whereas addition of proline up to 15 µm was able to relatively compensate the negative effect of water deficit. Contrarily, high proline level (20 µm) had a negative effect on surahalala plants probably due to the stress simulation (nutrition) under high proline concentration. In addition, the best combination for achieving highest essential oils content was 10 µm proline plus 10% PEG. The expressional profiling of the genes TPS27, L3H, TPS2, TPS1, OMT and GDH3 were successfully carried out and their involvement in 1,8-cineole, carvone, α-pinene, thymol, estragole and β-Citronellol biosynthesis, respectively, was verified. In addition, our results indicated that these genes could also be involved in the synthesis of other metabolites under water deficit condition.
Early IFN-β administration protects cigarette smoke exposed mice against lethal influenza virus infection without increasing lung inflammation
Authors: Wu Wenxin , Tian Lili , Zhang Wei , Booth J. Leland , Ritchey Jerry William , Wu Shuhua , Xu Chao , Brown Brent R. , Metcalf Jordan P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDuring influenza A virus (IAV) infection, it is unclear whether type I interferons (IFNs) have defensive antiviral effects or contribute to immunopathology in smokers. We treated nonsmoking (NS) and cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice intranasally with early (prophylactic) or late (therapeutic) IFN-β. We compared the mortality and innate immune responses of the treated mice following challenge with IAV. In NS mice, both early and late IFN-β administration decreased the survival rate in mice infected with IAV, with late IFN-β administration having the greatest effect on survival. In contrast, in CS-exposed mice, early IFN-β administration significantly increased survival during IAV infection while late IFN-β administration did not alter mortality. With regards to inflammation, in NS mice, IFN-β administration, especially late administration, significantly increased IAV-induced inflammation and lung injury. Early IFN-β administration to CS-exposed mice did not increase IAV-induced inflammation and lung injury as occurred in NS mice. Our results demonstrate, although IFN-β administration worsens the susceptibility of NS mice to influenza infection with increased immunopathology, early IFN-β administration to CS-exposed mice, which have suppression of the intrinsic IFN response, improved outcomes during influenza infection.
Research on security risk assessment mechanism of important event based on multi-source data
Authors: Wang Qilei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn order to effectively assess all types of security risks in the important event, the important decision-making basis for security risk warning and emergency management of important event is provided by analyzing the coupling relationship and evolution mechanism between various risks. The criminal causes, management defects, security and emergency system construction are analyzed from the possibility of accidents and risks. The multi-source data risk assessment system based on five subsystems and its index set of human factors, management factors, site factors, event factors and audit factors are proposed. The weight of each index in the assessment system is determined by the method of information entropy, and then the risk grade of important event is determined according to the weight calculation function and the improved fuzzy matter element model. The verification with an example shows that: the risk assessment model is optimized by combining entropy weight with fuzzy matter-element model, the influence of weight data extreme value was weakened, the qualitative description and quantitative analysis of multi-source data could be combined, and the subjective error was reduced. The risk grade of important event is reasonably evaluated, and the assessment effect is basically consistent with the expert inspection analysis, which shows that the method had certain application value.
S-SCAM inhibits Axin-dependent synaptic function of GSK3β in a sex-dependent manner
Authors: Kearney Gillian , Grau David , Nieves Torres Damaris , Shin Seung Min , Lee Sang H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractS-SCAM/MAGI-2 gene duplication is associated with schizophrenia (SCZ). S-SCAM overexpression in the forebrain induces SCZ-like phenotypes in a transgenic (Tg) mouse model. Interestingly, S-SCAM Tg mice show male-specific impairments in synaptic plasticity and working memory. However, mechanisms underlying the sex-specific deficits remain unknown. Here we report that S-SCAM Tg mice have male-specific deficits in synaptic GSK3β functions, as shown by reduced synaptic protein levels and increased inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3β. This GSK3β hyper-phosphorylation was associated with increased CaMKII activities. Notably, synaptic levels of Axin1, to which GSK3β binds in competition with S-SCAM, were also reduced in male S-SCAM Tg mice. We demonstrated that Axin-binding is required for the S-SCAM overexpression-induced synaptic GSK3β reduction. Axin stabilization using XAV939 rescued the GSK3β deficits and restored the temporal activation of GSK3β during long-term depression in S-SCAM overexpressing neurons. Interestingly, synaptic Axin2 levels were increased in female S-SCAM Tg mice. Female sex hormone 17β-estradiol increased Axin2 expression and increased synaptic GSK3β levels in S-SCAM overexpressing neurons. These results reveal the role of S-SCAM in controlling Axin-dependent synaptic localization of GSK3β. Moreover, our studies point out the pathological relevance of GSK3β hypofunction found in humans and contribute to understanding the molecular underpinnings of sex differences in SCZ.
Effective signal to intrinsic interference plus noise ratio analysis of affine precoded FBMC system
Authors: Patra Radhashyam , Mahapatro Arunanshu , Choi Kwonhue 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn affine precoding and decoding (APD) method of channel estimation and data detection in the filter bank multi‐carrier (FBMC) system is implemented, and it is found to be useful from bit error rate (BER) perspective. Effective average signal to intrinsic interference plus noise ratio is derived theoretically and from this the optimum training power coefficient (for which BER is minimum) is derived and its closeness with simulation value is observed.
Unbalanced power control of a modular multilevel converter with photovoltaic resources and the capacitor voltage ripple analysis
Authors: Liu Ping , Zhang Xing , Wang Fusheng , Jiang Tao , Yu Changzhou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe modular multilevel photovoltaic (PV) converter can achieve independent power control and help to increase the efficiency of the system. However, the output power among PV modules is unbalanced, which will result in the power loss of system if not properly controlled. This paper first introduces a power control scheme to adjust the power distribution among dc grid, ac grid and PV modules, and presents the mathematical bases of the scheme and the unbalanced power control of the strategy. However, the voltage ripple of MMC sub module (SM) capacitor is also an important parameter. In this system, the SM voltage ripple has not been analysed in relevant articles. Because there are many variables, it is not easy to analyse. Here, the voltage ripple law of the SM capacitor is analysed, by simplifying variables and presenting a fast analytical method, which has reference significance for the selection of SM capacitor. Matlab simulation and the hardware in the loop simulation experiment built by StarSim of Modelling Tech verify the effectiveness of the introduced control strategy and the correctness of the SM capacitor ripple analysis.
The impact of mechanical ventilation systems on acoustic quality in school environments
Authors: Serpilli Fabio , Di Loreto Samantha , Lori Valter , Di Perna Costanzo 
Published: March 2022

There is a growing scientific consensus that COVID-19 could be transmitted through the airborne route, putting ventilation at the heart of a mitigation strategy for buildings, including schools. The design of suitable systems requires to consider all aspects both for the control of air movement and the diffusion of bacterial loads, but also of other parameters of indoor air quality. This work examines the acoustic design of ventilation systems in schools and the effects that the systems have on the acoustic quality of the classrooms in compliance with the standard series UNI 11532.	The standards provide a guideline on the design and the evaluation of the acoustic performances of schools, including attention for children with special educational needs. In particular, the case study refers to classrooms in the University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona
Wenn Feuchtigkeit fehlt
Authors: Welsch Katja 
Published: March 2022

SummaryDie Trockenheit der Schleimhäute in den Wechseljahren kann neben der Vagina auch viele andere Körperregionen betreffen und Frauen im Alltag belasten. Die Diagnose kann anhand von Laborbefunden und über eine Anamnese unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Medikamenteneinnahmen gestellt werden. Homöopathische Mittel können helfen, die Probleme zu mildern oder zu beseitigen. Die Medikation ist an den Behandlungsverlauf anzupassen.
Hotspot Darmschleimhaut
Authors: Rüffer Andreas 
Published: March 2022

SummaryDie Darmschleimhaut übernimmt zahlreiche vitale Funktionen im Körper: von der Nährstoffversorgung bis zur Barriere gegen potenzielle Schadstoffe. Störungen der Barrierefunktion (Leaky Gut) wirken proinflammatorisch und können daher bei verschiedenen chronischen Erkrankungen beteiligt sein. Verschiedene Schleimhautmarker - insbesondere im Stuhl - liefern Hinweise auf den Zustand der Darmschleimhaut als Basis für gezielte therapeutische Maßnahmen.
What is the Role of Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha 2
(TRα2) in Human Physiology?
Authors: Paisdzior Sarah , Schuelke Markus , Krude Heiko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThyroid hormone receptors are nuclear receptors that function as transcription
factors and are regulated by thyroid hormones. To date, a number of variants and
isoforms are known. This review focuses on the thyroid hormone receptor
α (TRα), in particular TRα2, an isoform that arises from
alternative splicing of the THRA mRNA transcript. Unlike the TRα1
isoform, which can bind T3, the TRα2 isoform lacks a ligand-binding
domain but still binds to DNA thereby antagonizing the transcriptional activity
of TRα1. Although a regulatory role has been proposed, the physiological
function of this TRα2 antagonism is still unclear due to limited in
vitro and mouse model data. Recently, the first patients with resistance
to thyroid hormone due to mutations in THRA, the TRα encoding
gene, affecting the antagonistic function of TRα2 were described,
suggesting a significant role of this particular isoform in human
physiology.
High Prevalence of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 4G/5G Polymorphism among Patients with Venous Thromboembolism in Kerala, India
Authors: Tony Ann Maria , Vinod Vivek , Nambiar Vivek , Krishnan Sajitha , Biswas Lalitha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial clotting disorder in which inherited and environmental factors synergistically contribute to its pathogenesis. The aim of this case–control study was to analyze the prevalence of hereditary thrombophilic risk factors, provoking and non-provoking environmental risk factors in patients with VTE from Kerala, India. We have observed a low prevalence of factor V Leiden (7%), prothrombin G20210A (2%), and prothrombin G20030A (2%) mutations and a high prevalence of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G (52%), PAI-1 4G/4G (24%) genotypes in the VTE patients (n = 147). Deficiency of anticoagulants, antithrombin (3.4%), and protein C (4.1%) was relatively low. None of the risk factors were observed in 17% of the patients. Majority of VTE patients were younger than 50 years with a median age of 43 years. In conclusion, our results indicate a high prevalence of PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism among the VTE patients which is in concordance with previous studies in the Asian population. The PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism could be a potential biomarker for assessing VTE risk, particularly among the Indian population.
Sexuelle Bildung als neues Paradigma der Sexualpädagogik? Ein kritischer Einwurf
Authors: Mantey Dominik 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungObgleich es theoretisch wenig ausgearbeitet ist, gilt das Konzept der Sexuellen Bildung als neues Paradigma der Sexualpädagogik. Bislang wird es wenig infrage gestellt. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte diese Entwicklung problematisieren und Probleme aufzeigen, die aus dem Konzept der Sexuellen Bildung entstehen zu scheinen. Dafür wird das Konzept der Sexuellen Bildung zunächst kurz dargestellt anhand des für den Diskurs der letzten Jahre zentralen Textes von Karlheinz Valtl (2008). Im Anschluss wird im Vergleich zu einem Verständnis von (Sexual-)Erziehung aufgezeigt, welche Schwierigkeiten sich aus dem Paradigma der Sexuellen Bildung ergeben bzw. wie das Konzept verändert und erweitert werden müsste, um den intergenerationalen Umgang mit Sexualität angemessen zu erfassen. Ein zentrales Problem sieht der Autor dabei in der Ausblendung des sozialen Moments und der Vermittlungstätigkeit der Erziehenden durch das Konzept der Sexuellen Bildung. Ein weiteres Problem erkennt er in der unkritischen Übernahme der gesellschaftlichen Ideale der (sexuellen) Selbstverwirklichung und Selbstoptimierung.
Bridging Chlorine Atoms Enable the Construction of a Novel ­Benzimidazole-Derived Fluorescent Molecule
Authors: Yan Xiangyu , Jiang Bowen , Chen Cheng , Yuan Ye , Fan Guanggao , Zou Yu , Sang Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe have designed and prepared a novel benzimidazole-based fluorescent molecule through the construction of chlorine bridges. The structure of the molecule was authenticated by means of X-ray crystallography and its photophysical properties (absorption and fluorescence spectra) were investigated. Furthermore, the fluorescence emission of the molecule was rationalized through density functional theory calculations, which showed the influence of the bridging chlorine atoms on the energy levels and energy gap.
Acid-Mediated Synthesis of Chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine Derivatives via Condensation of 2-Amino-3-formylchromones and 1-(Methylthio)-2-nitroenamine Derivatives
Authors: Li Zhong , Yang Hongchen , Zhang Lu , Xu Xiaoyong , Shao Xusheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA convenient and effective protocol has been proposed for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives via the CF3SO3H-catalyzed annulation of substituted 2-amino-3-formylchromones and various 1-(methylthio)-2-nitroenamine derivatives. This method is time-efficient, convenient, high-yielding, and exhibits a good functional group compatibility.
Protective Effect of Nelumbo nucifera Plant on Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats
Authors: Patel Jignesh I. , Kumbhani Monika , Raval Morvi M. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives
Ulcerative colitis is a global disease with increasing incidence and worldwide prevalence. So this study was undertaken to observe antiulcerative colitis activity of ethanolic extract of seeds of Nelumbo nucifera plant on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.

Materials and Methods
The effect of ethanolic extract of N. nucifera seed (EENNS) was studied on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in albino Wistar rats for 11 days. Disease pathogenesis was assessed by evaluation of disease activity index (DAI) including the following parameters: change in body weight, stool constituency, rectal bleeding in animals. Estimation of myeloperoxide (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidant parameters like malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase level was performed in colon homogenate of animals. TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor- α) level was measured in colon homogenate using rat TNF-α ELISA kit.

Statistical Analysis
Significant differences (mean ± standard error of the mean) were detected using one-way analysis of variance followed by post-test using Graphpad prism 7.0 for multiple comparisons.

Results
EENNS (400 mg/kg) significantly improved the disease progression, body weight, and colon length of the animals as compared with the disease control group. Animal treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) showed significantly improved colon mucosal damage index (1.66 ± 0.21) and DAI (11.66 ± 4.01) as compared with the disease control group. A higher level of SOD and catalase and a lower level of MDA were observed in animals treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) as compared with the disease control group. Animals treated with EENNS (400 mg/kg) significantly decreased in NO and MPO levels as compared with the disease control group. A lower level of TNF-α (561.94 ± 14.84) was observed in EENNS (400 mg/kg)-treated animals as compared with the disease control group (736.92 ± 15.3). These observations were comparable to those of the standard control group. Histopathological data showed that EENNS (400 mg/kg) has shown reversal of tissue inflammation as compared with the disease group and evidence of less cell infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes with normal structures of goblet cell and crypts as compared with the disease group.

Conclusion
EENS (400 mg/kg) can decrease the severity of the UC produced by DSS. EENNS showed a protective effect against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis which may be due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Psychological Morbidities and Coping Styles: A Rural Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Comparative Study between Undergraduate Medical Students Undergoing Different Phases of Training
Authors: Garg Sunny , Chauhan Alka 
Published: March 2022

Background
Psychological morbidities are high among undergraduate medical students. They experience the transition between pre-/para-clinical and clinical training as a stressful period, and cope differently. Research studies from India in this regard are lacking.

Aims
The aim of this study is to assess and compare the prevalence of psychological morbidities and their respective associated factors and coping styles between pre-/para-clinical and clinical undergraduate medical students.

Materials and Methods
This institution-based cross-sectional observational design study was conducted among undergraduate medical students (a total of 382) in pre-/para-clinical and clinical years by using a questionnaire in the period between April and June 2019. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The survey included standard self-administered questionnaires like General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Lin–Chen's coping inventory to assess psychological morbidities and coping styles, respectively. Associated factors for psychological morbidities and coping styles between two groups were compared using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
Out of the 382 responders, psychological morbidities (GHQ-28 score > 23) were found in 61% participants. Both groups reported high levels of psychological morbidities; a slightly higher preponderance in clinical (61.5%) than in pre-/para-clinical students (60.6%) with a nonsignificant difference. Compared with the pre-/para-clinical group, the clinical group was found to have more substance consumption behavior (p < 0.001), dissatisfaction with academic performance (p < 0.001), sought psychiatric consultation (p < 0.004), and at that time on psychiatric treatment (p < 0.04). Active problem coping behavior was more significantly used by the pre-/para-clinical group, while passive problem coping and passive emotional coping behaviors were positively significantly correlated with psychological morbidities in the clinical group.

Conclusion
This study suggests a significant correlation between psychological morbidities and passive coping styles in the clinical group. These students need interventions to encourage the use of more active coping styles during training to provide advances in future career. A strong correlation between psychological morbidities and dissatisfied academic performance may be a call for an efficient and more student-friendly curriculum.