bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational methods to explore chromatin state dynamics
Authors: Orouji Elias , Raman Ayush T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The human genome is marked by several singular and combinatorial histone modifications that shape the different states of chromatin and its three-dimensional organization. Genome-wide mapping of these marks as well as histone variants and open chromatin regions is commonly carried out via profiling DNA–protein binding or via chromatin accessibility methods. After the generation of epigenomic datasets in a cell type, statistical models can be used to annotate the noncoding regions of DNA and infer the combinatorial histone marks or chromatin states (CS). These methods involve partitioning the genome and labeling individual segments based on their CS patterns. Chromatin labels enable the systematic discovery of genomic function and activity and can label the gene body, promoters or enhancers without using other genomic maps. CSs are dynamic and change under different cell conditions, such as in normal, preneoplastic or tumor cells. This review aims to explore the available computational tools that have been developed to capture CS alterations under two or more cellular conditions.
A Dueling DQN-Based Computational Offloading Method in MEC-Enabled IIoT Network
Authors: Hsu Ching-Kuo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a promising mechanism of Industry 4.0. Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emerging mechanism that is an enabler for IoT applications, which applies computation offloading mechanism to offload workload from IoT devices to MEC servers to enhance computing quality. This paper addresses the computation offloading problem under a heterogeneously loaded MEC-enabled IIoT network, which specifically applies one-hop offloading for devices and task queue for devices and servers. We first formulate our computation offloading problem as a Markov Decision Process, then design a dueling deep Q-network-based computation offloading method for better optimizing the value function for specific state and advantage function for specific action. Experimental results verify that our scheme reduces more energy consumption (30%), latency (50%) and task dropped rate (50%) of IIoT devices, compared with other popular methods.
An open-access data set of pig skin anatomy and physiology for modelling purposes
Authors: Krumpholz Laura , Clarke James F , Polak Sebastian , Wiśniowska Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The use of animal as opposed to human skin for in vitro permeation testing (IVPT) is an alternative, which can reduce logistical and economic issues. However, this surrogate also has ethical considerations and may not provide an accurate estimation of dermal absorption in humans due to physiological differences. The current project aimed to provide a detailed repository for the anatomical and physiological parameters of porcine skin, with the aim of parametrizing the Multi-phase Multi-layer Mechanistic Dermal Absorption (MPML MechDermA) Model in the Simcyp Simulator. The MPML MechDermA Model is a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that accounts for the physiology and geometry of skin in a mechanistic mathematical modelling framework. The database provided herein contains information on 14 parameters related to porcine skin anatomy and physiology, namely, skin surface pH, number of stratum corneum (SC) layers, SC thickness, corneocyte thickness, corneocyte dimensions (length and width), volume fraction of water in corneocyte (where SC is divided into four parts with different water contents), intercellular lipid thickness, viable epidermis thickness, dermis thickness, hair follicle and hair shaft diameter, hair follicle depth and hair follicle density. The collected parameters can be used to parameterize PBPK models, which could be further utilized to bridge the gap between animal and human studies with interspecies extrapolation or to predict dermatokinetic properties typically assessed in IVPT experiments.
Database URL: https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/mwz9xv4cpd/1
Surgical Intervention is Effective for the Treatment of Crohn’s-related Rectovaginal Fistulas: Experience From a Tertiary Inflammatory Bowel Disease Practice
Authors: Otero-Piñeiro Ana M , Jia Xue , Pedersen Karina E , Hull Tracy , Lipman Jeremy , Holubar Stefan , Steele Scott R , Lightner Amy L 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsRectovaginal fistula occurs in up to 10–20% of women with Crohn’s disease, significantly affecting their quality of life. We sought to determine outcomes of single and repeat operative interventions.MethodsA retrospective review of all adult patients with a Crohn’s-related rectovaginal fistula, who underwent an operation between 1995 and 2021, was performed. Data collected included patient demographics, Crohn’s-related medical treatment, surgical intervention, postoperative outcomes, and fistula outcomes.ResultsA total of 166 patients underwent 360 operations; mean age was 42.8 [+/-13.2] years; 34 [20.7%] patients were current and 58 [35.4%] former smokers. The most commonly performed procedure was: a local approach [n = 160, 44.5%] using fibrin glue, fistulotomy/fistulectomy, or seton placement; followed by a transvaginal/transanal approach [n = 113, 31.4%] with an advancement flap repair [including Martius advancement flap] and episoproctotomy; a transabdominal approach [n = 98, 27.2%] including proctectomy or re-do anastomosis; and finally gracilis muscle interposition [n = 8, 2.2%]. The median number of operative interventions per patient was 2 [1.0–3.0] procedures. The overall fistula healing rate per patient was 71.7% [n = 119] at a median follow-up of 5.5 [1.2–9.8] years. Factors that impaired healing included former smoking (odds ratio [OR] 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.31–0.87, p = 0.014) and seton insertion [OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21–0.83, p = 0.012].ConclusionOver two-thirds of Crohn’s-related rectovaginal fistulas can achieve closure with multiple surgical interventions. Smoking and seton usage negatively affect healing rates and should be avoided.
May Measurement Month 2017: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Mauritius
Authors: Kowlessur Sudhirsen , Ori Bhoosun , Heecharan Jaysing , Poulter Neil R , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hypertension is a growing burden worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, ∼1.13 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global initiative of the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of high blood pressure (BP) and to act as a temporary solution to the lack of screening programmes worldwide. We provide the results of the 2017 MMM (MMM17) edition in Mauritius. This cross-sectional survey of participants aged 18 years and over was carried out in May 2017. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP of at least 140 mmHg or diastolic BP of at least 90mmHg or in those on antihypertensive medication. Blood pressure measurement and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. The screening was conducted by the Non-Communicable Diseases and Health Promotion Unit, which is under the aegis of the Ministry of Health and Wellness, mainly in workplaces and community centres, in both rural and urban areas across Mauritius. Of the 2302 individuals screened, after multiple imputations, 375 (16.3%) had untreated hypertension. May Measurement Month 2017 was the very first BP screening campaign initiated in Mauritius. These results suggest that MMM17 was useful in the identification of potential patients with raised BP.
May Measurement Month 2018–2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Austria
Authors: Glantschnig Theresa , Koppelstätter Christian , Zweiker David , Kolesnik Ewald , Niederl Ella , Kraler Elisabeth , Stoff Ingrid , Zweiker Robert , Weber Thomas , Horn Sabine , Weiss Thomas , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R , Perl Sabine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Arterial hypertension is a global burden leading to over 10.8 million deaths per year worldwide. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global project initiated by the International Society of Hypertension to raise the awareness of high blood pressure (BP) in the population. Following the MMM protocol 2508 participants ≥18 years had their BP measured in Austria in MMM18 and MMM19. Of those screened, 54.6% were found to be hypertensive, defined as a BP ≥140/90 mmHg and/or being on treatment for hypertension. Among those individuals with hypertension, 56.1% were on medication but only 42.0% of those treated had controlled BP (&lt;140/90 mmHg). Lower BPs were found in those with previous myocardial infarction (MI), probably explained by a medical monitoring system of patients with MI in Austria. Those with hypertension were referred for further medical investigations and were provided lifestyle advice. Among a high number of individuals receiving antihypertensive treatment, BP is still not controlled. Further screening and monitoring of therapeutic effects is urgently required.
May Measurement Month 2017–2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Lithuania
Authors: Miglinas Marius , Ševčenko Violeta , Račaitė Aistė , Žakauskienė Urtė , Vickienė Alvita , Miglinė Vilma , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R , Macioniene Ernesta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In 2017, Lithuania joined the global May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign which aims at raising awareness of raised blood pressure worldwide. Presented here are the data arising from the 2017, 2018, and 2019 campaigns. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of individuals aged ≥18 years was carried out in Lithuania in 2017, 2018, and 2019. Two thousand nine hundred and nineteen participants were recruited in the MMM campaigns in response to the media engagement and interactions with the study team. The mean age of participants was 46.1 years (SD 16.3) years, 58.9% were females. Blood pressures were measured using electronic devices provided by Omron according to the MMM protocol. Of the 2919 screened participants, 1308 (44.8%) had hypertension. Of all hypertensive participants, the awareness rate, the treatment rate, and the control rates (&lt;140/90 mmHg) were 79.5%, 41.0%, and 14.2%, respectively. Of those on antihypertensive medication, the control rate was 34.8%. The high percentage of participants with hypertension was either untreated (59.0%) or treated but uncontrolled (65.2%) suggests the usefulness of such screening programmes to improve awareness of hypertension control in Lithuania.
May Measurement Month 2017–2019: results from Switzerland
Authors: Damianaki Aikaterini , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas , Burkard Thilo , Sudano Isabella , Burnier Michel , Wuerzner Gregoire 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
May Measurement Month (MMM) is an international screening campaign for arterial hypertension initiated by the International Society of Hypertension and endorsed by the World Hypertension League. Its aim is to raise the awareness of elevated blood pressure (BP) in the population worldwide. The goal of the present analyses is to assess the results obtained during three years of this campaign in Switzerland. Swiss data from MMM17 to MMM19 campaigns were used. BP and a questionnaire for basic demographic and clinical information were recorded for each participant. BP measurements and definition of arterial hypertension followed the standard MMM protocol. To assess BP control, European Society of Hypertension 2018 thresholds of &lt;140/90 mmHg were used. Overall, 3635 participants had their BP measured, including 2423 women (66.7%) and 1212 (33.3%) men. More than half of the data came from pharmacies during MMM18 and MMM 19 campaigns. The difference in BP between pharmacies and other screenings sites was small. Overall, prevalence and awareness rates were 32.7% and 72.3%, respectively. Of those on medication, 60.9% were controlled, and of all hypertensive patients, 39.4% had controlled BP. In Switzerland, the prevalence of hypertension based on a 3-year awareness campaign was similar to previous epidemiological data within the country. One third of the population screened had hypertension, two thirds were aware of it, and less than half had controlled BP.
May Measurement Month 2017–19: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Niger
Authors: Touré Ali I , Ismael Oumarou Y , souley Kimba , Bonkano Ali S , Boubacar Dodo , Ousseini Moustapha , Mossi Dari , Issoufou Garba I , Souna Moussa , Bonkano Ousseina , Majid Abdoul , Douma Halima , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to screen for cardiovascular risk factors with particular focus on high blood pressure (BP) in Niger and thereby to raise awareness among the population of Niger about raised BP and the associated risk to health. The city of Niamey served as our study location during the month of May in 2017, 2018, and 2019. We screened volunteer adults aged ≥18 years, who completed a pre-established questionnaire and had three sitting BP measurements taken. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg (based on the mean of the second and third BP readings) or being on antihypertensive medication. We screened 2297 adults of which 42.9% were women and 57.1% men. Of the 2297 screened, 33.2% were found to be hypertensive of whom only 26 (3.4%) were recorded as being on treatment. Approximately 30% of those screened were found to be obese or overweight. High BP is a real public health danger, and this study finds alarming figures that highlight the need for improved policies for screening and management of hypertension. Raising awareness and improving detection of hypertension remain essential to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.
Weak Social Networks in Late Life Predict Incident Alzheimer’s Disease: The Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study
Authors: Kallianpur Kalpana J , Masaki Kamal H , Chen Randi , Willcox Bradley J , Allsopp Richard C , Davy Philip , Dodge Hiroko H 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed 10-year longitudinal associations between late-life social networks and incidence of all-cause dementia (ACD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in Japanese-American men.MethodsWe prospectively analyzed, from baseline (1991–1993) through 1999–2000, 2636 initially nondemented Kuakini Honolulu-Asia Aging Study participants who remained dementia-free during the first 3 years of follow-up. Global cognition was evaluated by the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI); depressive symptoms by the 11-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale; and social networks by the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS). Median split of LSNS scores defined weak/strong social network groups. A panel of neurologists and geriatricians diagnosed and classified dementia; AD and VaD diagnoses comprised cases in which AD or VaD, respectively, were considered the primary cause of dementia.ResultsMedian (range) baseline age was 77 (71–93) years. Participants with weak (LSNS score ≤29) versus strong (&gt;29) social networks had higher age-adjusted incidence (in person-years) of ACD (12.6 vs. 8.7; p = .014) and AD (6.7 vs. 4.0; p = .007) but not VaD (2.4 vs. 1.4; p = .15). Kaplan–Meier curves showed a lower likelihood of survival free of ACD (log-rank p &lt; .0001) and AD (p = .0006) for men with weak networks. In Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, education, APOE ɛ4, prevalent stroke, depressive symptoms, and CASI score (all at baseline), weak networks predicted increased incidence of ACD (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.52, p = .009) and AD (HR = 1.67, p = .014) but not VaD (p &gt; .2).ConclusionWeak social networks may heighten the risk of dementia and AD, underscoring the need to promote social connectedness in older adults.
Evaluation of the Homeless Management Information System for COVID-19 Surveillance Among People Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Jones Padma S , Yeh Karen W , Brosnan Hannah K , Regos-Stewart Dalia , Ngo Cathy , Kwon Jennifer , Chang Alicia H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Variable and incomplete reporting of housing status creates challenges in the surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the homeless population in Los Angeles County (LA County) and nationwide.

Methods
We developed standard investigation procedures to assess the housing status of LA County COVID-19 patients. Using data sharing procedures, we matched COVID-19 patients to Homeless Management Information System (HMIS) client profiles and supplemented with additional data sources for contributory data points and to further housing status ascertainment.

Results
We identified 10 586 COVID-19 patients among people experiencing homelessness (PEH) between 30 March 2020 and 30 December 2021; 2801 (26.5%) patients were first identified from HMIS profile matches, 1877 (17.7%) from quarantine/isolation housing intake rosters, 573 (5.4%) from hospital records, 749 (7.1%) from case and contact interviews, 3659 (34.6%) directly from PEH medical and service providers, and 927 (8.8%) had unknown sources. Among COVID-19 patients matched to HMIS profiles, 5351 (42.5%) were confirmed to be PEH at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis.

Conclusions
Interoperability between public health data, HMIS, and external partners have been critical components in evaluating the impact of COVID-19 among the LA County homeless population. No one data source was complete for COVID-19 surveillance in this population.
Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Two Medicinal Species of Spatholobus
Authors: Xiong Yao , Zhang Ling , Du XiaoLang , Wang XiaoYun , Cao Lan , Shen ChengYing , Jin Chen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The vine stem of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (S. suberectus), called “JiXueTeng”, has been used as a significant medicine for thousands of years in China. However, reliable field identification of this medicinal plant remains problematic, inaccurate identification may cause serious adverse effects in the functions of the drug and may affect the clinical medication reviews.

Objective
To ensure use of the exact medicine and implement protective legislation, it is imperative to obtain the chloroplast (cp) genome of S. suberectus, which can be used as a valuable resource for species identification and phylogenetic analysis.

Methods
In this study, the complete cp genomes of S. suberectus (152 173 bp (base pair)) and S. pulcher (151 099 bp) were assembled for the first time by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to gain abundant information on the genus of Spatholobus. And some bioinformatics softwares were used for data filtering, assembling and analyzing.

Results
We found the G and C contents of S. suberectus and S. pulcher were close, 35.19% and 35.37%, respectively. The noncoding regions were more divergent than coding ones. Moreover, we revealed eight divergence hotspots (trnH, trnK-rbcL, trnL-rbcT, psbD-trnT, trnC-rpoB, atpI-atpH, ycf4, and trnL-rpl32) which might be used as candidate molecular markers for Spatholobus identification. The analysis of the phylogenetic relationship indicated that two Spatholobus species were clustered together and two Spatholobus species was sister to the Cajanus.

Conclusion
The findings of this study were conducive to species identification and phylogenetic research of Spatholobus and provided valuable resources for finding the substitution of S. suberectus.

Highlights
We assembled the complete cp genomes of S. suberectus and S. pulcher for the first by using next-generation sequencing.
Do Institutions Matter? The Impact of Budget Expertise on State Fiscal Responsibility
Authors: Emrich Colin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDo governmental institutions constrain state actors? I investigate this question by examining the relationship between the design of state legislative fiscal offices and the health of state budgets. These budgetary bodies serve a supporting role for legislatures, designed to advance sound fiscal policy and sustainable public finance. With an original data set encompassing all state legislative budgetary bodies from 1963 to 2014, I estimate the causal effects of nonpartisan fiscal offices on budget surpluses with a generalized difference-in-differences estimator. My results show that the presence of these fiscal offices within legislatures does not affect a state’s fiscal well-being. This result holds even when legislative fiscal offices are relatively empowered in the budget process, raising doubts about how state lawmakers use nonpartisan budgetary information in funding the government.
The Association of Skin Cancer Prevention Knowledge, Sun-Protective Attitudes, and Sun-Protective Behaviors in a Navy Population
Authors: Newnam Rachel , Le-Jenkins Uyen , Rutledge Carolyn , Cunningham Craig 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
U.S. Navy service members are primarily between the ages of 18 and 30 years and often required to be outside for extended periods of time in geographical locations with increased and often unfamiliar ultraviolet indexes that collectively increase their risk for skin cancer. Skin cancer is the country’s most common form of cancer, yet there is a paucity of skin cancer prevention literature, especially within the U.S. Navy. The purpose of this study was to describe skin cancer risk and skin cancer prevention “cues-to-action” and to determine if skin cancer prevention knowledge was associated with sun-protective attitudes (e.g., prevention perceptions, benefits, threats, barriers, and sun-protective behavior self-efficacy) and sun-protective behaviors (e.g., wearing long sleeve shirts and using sunscreen and not deliberately exposing skin for a tan) in a Navy population.

Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational design was utilized, and the study approval was obtained by the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth Institutional Review Board. Two-hundred twenty-nine active duty Navy service members aged 18-30 years who presented to primary care for their periodic health assessment completed the Brief Skin Cancer Risk Assessment and the Skin Cancer Survey. Descriptive statistics were utilized to assess service members’ perceptions and knowledge regarding skin cancer prevention along with sociodemographic characteristics. The Spearman rank-order correlation and the Mann–Whitney U test were used to assess associations. P-values &lt;.05 were used to determine statistical significance.

Results
Skin cancer prevention knowledge was significantly related to sun-protective behavior self-efficacy (r = 0.218, P = .001), benefits (r = 0.271, P ≤ .001), sun protection behaviors (r = 0.152, P = .024), skin cancer risk (r = 0.256, P = .001), current frequency of high-risk sun behavior (r = 0.183, P = .006), past frequency of high-risk sun behavior (r = 0.219, P = .001), sun exposure (U = 4,813.50, P = .005), tanning bed use (U = 3,154.50, P = .031), and training (U = 4,099.50, P = .005).

Conclusions
Integrating skin cancer education into primary care visits (i.e., periodic health assessments) may improve Navy service members’ modifiable sun-protective attitudes and behaviors and may contribute to lowering future skin cancer rates.