bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of group art therapy in decreasing the depression level of leukemia pediatric patients
Authors: Naveed A. , Masood S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionCancer and its treatment often impose physical and psychological consequences. Children with cancer are not only at a risk of adverse events resulting from medical procedures but also severe effects on their social and mental health as a result of its treatment. Depression being one of the most common psychiatric disorders associated with cancer in children and adolescents. The current study aims to provide evidence of an easy and inexpensive intervention that can be used in oncology patients in a low resource setting to help maintain mental health stability in pedriatric patients..ObjectivesTo examine the effectiveness of therapeutic group art therapy, in reducing depression scores in children with cancer.MethodsThe study is quasi experimental, through convinient sampling data of fifteen children in initial stage of thier treatment were selected. They were divided into two groups experimental and controlled through random allocation. Three sessions of forty minutes of group art therapy was given in experimental group, in control normal treatment was provided excluding group art therapy. Childhood Depression Scale (CDI) was used in both group as pre and post test to determine the depression level.ResultsThe results shows a positive change in the level of depression in experimental group as compared to controlled group.ConclusionsGroup art therapy is an effective and inexpensive way of reducing depression level of paediatric leukemia patients that can be used by oncology healthcare centres worldwide with trained mental healthcare professionals in order to maintain positive treatment results of cancer.
Concern about chemotherapy in oncological patients first referred to this treatment predicts negative emotions
Authors: Sadovnichaja V. , Ledin E. , Kovyazina M. , Kirsanova S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTreatment representation is an important factor of motivation and well-being during treatment (Horne, 2002).ObjectivesThe aim was to reveal the relationship between treatment representation and well-being in oncological patients first referred to chemotherapy.Methods40 oncological patients (10 males, 20-72 years old, mean age 50.49±13.75 years old, localizations included gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary system) first referred to chemotherapy filled Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), Scale for Positive and Negative Experiences (Diener et al., 2009), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (Zigmond, Snaith, 1983) and Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire (Horne, 2002) that was slightly modified for the situation of chemotherapy. Disturbance of functioning was assessed in the interview as an opportunity to cope with job, home responsibilities or self-care (1-5-point Likert scale).ResultsCronbach’s alphas for Necessity and Concern scales were .69 and .76. Despite high appraisals of necessity of chemotherapy (mean 4.24±.53 on 1-5 Likert scale), concern about it was rather high (2.83±.82). Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, after adjusting for disturbances in social functioning, concern about chemotherapy (but not its subjective necessity) predicted more severe negative emotions (β=.32, p<.05, ΔR2=10.0%). After control for general level of anxiety and depression, this relationship became weaker but marginally significant (β=.32, p<.10, ΔR2=8.4%).ConclusionsConcern about chemotherapy in patients first referred to this treatment could be important predictor of well-being demanding for interventions aimed at stabilization of emotional reaction to chemotherapy regardless belief in its necessity.
Subjective perception of treatment in patients first referred to radiotherapy and its relationship to their well-being
Authors: Kovyazina M. , Rasskazova E. , Kuznetsova A. , Shilko R. , Zinchenko Y. , Sadovnichaja V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThere are wide-spread fears and expectations about radiotherapy in people referred to it that are not only unrealistic (Shaverdian et al., 2018) but also lead to poorer compliance with doctors and poorer satisfaction with treatment (Dong et al., 2014).ObjectivesThe aim was to reveal relationship between different aspects of subjective perception of radiotherapy in patients and their well-being.Methods34 patients first referred to radiotherapy, 23-70 years old (mostly females with breast cancer) filled modified version of Beliefs about Medication Questionnaire including items about radiotherapy (Horne et al., 1996), Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), Scale of Positive And Negative Experience (Diener et al., 2009).ResultsSix scales were revealed by factor analysis in the structure of beliefs about radiotherapy (Cronbach’s alphas .74-.85): confidence in the effectiveness of radiation therapy, subjective need for it, lack of understanding of it, concern and general negative attitudes towards radiotherapy, doubts about the effectiveness of radiation therapy. Elder patients reported higher need for radiotherapy but also higher concerns about it (r=.35-.37). Concerns about radiotherapy were related to lower satisfaction with life and positive emotions (r=-.44 - -.34) while subjective need of radiotherapy was related to higher health anxiety (r=.71) and lower positive emotions (r=-.41).ConclusionsSubjective concerns of patients regarding radiotherapy are related to poorer well-being and could be addressed in psychotherapy.
Gender peculiarities of pain syndrome in older age patients
Authors: Chernus N. , Serdakova K. , Sivkov A. , Gorenkov R. , .Sivkov S. , Savina T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe study of gender-related peculiarities of vertebral pain syndrome course in order age patients appears to be highly relevant.ObjectivesStudy population included 46 female patients and 38 male patients in the age between 60 and 75 years old; mean age was 67,4±6,6 years old.MethodsPain syndrome intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), vegetative disfunction was assessed using A.M. Wayne Questionnaire; the Toronto Alexithymia ScaleResultsThe conducted comparative study showed that the male patients perceived the pain syndrome as more intense as compared to the female patients in lumbar spine: 4,5 ±0,8 vs 3,6±0,5 scores (р <0,001) and in thoracic spine: 4,1 ±1,0 vs. 3,4±1,0 (р <0,05). On the other hand, in vegetative dysfunction assessment, the male patients demonstrated generally lower score: 43,3±7,5 scores vs. 59,6+10,3 in female patients, р <0,001. The results of correlation analysis pf interrelations between alexithymia and pain intensity revealed the differences between the study groups in emotion recognition accuracy (Mann-Whitney U-test = 109,00, р = 0.09): female patients showed lower scores (60,7 ±3,5) as compared to the male patients (74,2 ±2,1).ConclusionsTherefore, the vertebral pain syndrome tends to be more pronounced in older age male patients as compared to the similar population of older age female patients. Therefore, vertebral pain syndrome correction requires multidisciplinary approach, including psychotherapeutic support.
How neuroticism affects prejudical attitudes and social distance
Authors: Jonáš J. , Heissler R. , Doubková N. , Preiss M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrevious studies didn’t find any connection between Neuroticism and authoritarian personality or social dominance orientation, but xenophobic attitudes might be hold even apart from these constructs.ObjectivesIn our study we compared subjects with high Neurtoticism score with controls with a focus on racism and social distance.MethodsThe Bogardus Social Distance Scale (BSDS) is a measure of perceived social distance of a subject towards concrete outgroups. Modern Racism Scale (MRS) and The Blatant and Subtle Prejudice Scales (BSRS) are scales measuring racism. For our study we used the Neuroticism scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Also, we asked about personal conflicts with outgroup members and how subjects perceived their unpleasantness and importance. We measured the attitudes towards Romani, Vietnamese, foreigners, homeless people, migrants, people with mental disease and people with a physical disability.ResultsPeople with the high neuroticism score (SD≥1; N=48) showed significantly higher scores in racism. In comparison to control group (CG; N=96), their social distance differed significantly towards Romani, Vietnamese and migrants. Effect sizes were however on the threshold between weak and moderate. After Bonferroni correction, only the social distance towards migrants remained significant. People with the high neuroticism score didn’t report higher rate in conflict with outgroup members than HC.ConclusionsPeople with the high neuroticism score showed different pattern in attitudes towards outgroup members, but not in conflict with them, which might point at higher need of internalization of negative attitudes.
Servicemen’s features of professional reliability
Authors: Novikova Y. , Boyarinov D. , Gubaidulina L. , Kachina A. , Barabanshchikova V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn our days the professional reliability of servicemen is an important issue. Servicemen not only protect the state but also ensure a stable and harmonious life of society (Vagin, 2012). This profession is extreme for life, therefore the significance of human error in this profession is very high. Study of personal characteristics forming professional reliability is important for professional psychological selection. The study was supported by the RFBR #19-013-00799 А.ObjectivesStudy of the psychological factors for reliability of servicemen.MethodsThe study involved 708 servicemen, the average age of 20.3 (min – 18, max – 32), the sample consisted only of men. The methodological package included the following methods: Managerial stress survey — MSS (Leonova, 2007), The Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (Kapustina, 2001).ResultsThe exploratory factor analysis revealed that the professional reliability includes the following personal characteristics: low level of Сhronic stress (-0.851), Emotional Stability (0.823), Motivational Distortion (0.761), Apprehensiveness (-0.716). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy = 0.781, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity = 865.26 (p = 0.0001), the total variance of this factor is 62.4%.ConclusionsAccording to this factor, the profile of professional reliability of each serviceman was compiled: low stress level, self-confidence, non-fearfulness, efficiency, high self-esteem, personal maturity. In the future, confirmatory factor analysis will be performed, and the relationship of this scale with objective data will be investigated.
Validation of the portuguese version of the mentalization questionnaire in a sample of college students: Preliminary results
Authors: Rebelo P. , Gooskens B. , Pereira D. , Cabaços C. , Pereira A.T. , Caldeira S. , Madeira N. , Bos S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMentalization (MZ) is the capacity by which people make sense of their own’s and others’ mental states; when compromised, it is associated with several mental disorders (Bateman & Fonagy, 2010). A valid instrument to assess MZ is missing and required for the Portuguese population.ObjectivesTo develop and validate a Portuguese version (Questionário de Mentalização – QMZ) of the Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ) (Hausberg et al., 2012).MethodsA sample of 184 Portuguese medical students (mean age = 21.6 ± 2.47 years, 59.8% female) was used to explore the psychometric properties of the scale, using reliability and factor analysis (varimax rotation method).ResultsThe QMZ exhibited a Cronbach’s alpha score of .80. All items contributed to its reliability. Based on the scree plot of Cattell and interpretability of items, a 2-factor and a 5-factor structures were further explored. The former explained 38.8% of the total variance (VE) and included a regulation of affect (VE= 27.3%, α=.79) and a self-reflection and emotional awareness (VE= 11.5%, α=.62) factors. The latter explained 60.6% of the total variance and incorporated the following dimensions: self-control (VE= 27.3%, α=.74), daily relationships (VE= 11.5%, α=.67), self-comprehension (VE= 8.1%, α=.54), close relationships (VE= 7.0%, α=.41) and self-monitoring (VE= 6.7%, α=.52). The 5-factor structure was closer to the dimensional concept of mentalization.ConclusionsThe QMZ has proved to be a promising instrument, with adequate psychometric properties, confirmed by its acceptable construct, criterion and factorial validity and reliability to assess mentalization in Portuguese language.
High vs low trait primary psychopathy in males: Differences in cardiac responses to emotional film clips
Authors: Fusina F. , Angrilli A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPrimary psychopathy, although not included in DSM-5, is a personality trait characterized by callousness, unemotionality and a low sensitivity to anxiety and fear. From a psychophysiological standpoint, individuals with this trait exhibit a number of alterations, most notably lower heart rate at rest and lower heart rate variability (HRV).ObjectivesWe investigated the relationship between primary psychopathy and heart rate dynamics in response to emotional stimuli in a healthy community sample. In the high psychopathy participants we expected to find lower HRV and a general lower cardiovascular responsiveness to aversive emotional stimuli.MethodsThe study was carried out on male students with high (HP) and low scores (LP) of primary psychopathy according to Levenson’s LSRP. The stimuli were 15 short movie clips of different emotional content (Erotic, Scenery, Neutral, Compassion and Fear), lasting 2 minutes each and presented during ECG recording. Mean heart rate (HR) and HRV were analyzed.ResultsConcerning HR, a Category by Group interaction revealed that participants in the HP group did not differentiate among emotional movie clips, whereas those in the LP group manifested significant reduced HR to Fear and Scenery compared to the other clips. Concerning HRV, the main Group effect showed in HP participants a lower HRV than LP subjects, irrespective of the film categories.ConclusionsUsing ecological stimuli is considered more effective in evoking spontaneous emotions, and our results point to a clear alteration of emotional cardiovascular response in high primary psychopathy trait individuals selected from a community sample.
Big five personality traits prediction with AI
Authors: Mereu A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionOpenness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism are known as the Big Five personality traits (BFPT). They are theoretical building blocks of the personality and comprise wide and interconnected spectra. Artificial intelligence (AI) could help to grasp their complexity.ObjectivesTo investigate whether AI could predict the BFPT from themselves.MethodsData from 2,697 questionnaires were analysed using an AI. The short form of the International Personality Item Pool was used to assess the BFPT. Four of the BFPT scores were employed to predict the fifth one and the procedure was repeated for all of them alternatively. The AI was conservatively tuned to maximize the one-way random intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between predicted and real values. Their Pearson’s r was calculated too. The free and open source programming language R was used for all the analyses. Dataset source: Hansson, Isabelle; Berg, Anne Ingeborg; Thorvaldsson, Valgeir (2018), “Can personality predict longitudinal study attrition? Evidence from a population-based sample of older adults”, Mendeley Data, V1, doi: 10.17632/g3jx8zt2t9.1ResultsOpenness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and neuroticism predictions obtained ICC of 0.219, 0.146, 0.306, 0.354, 0.121 and Pearson’s r of 0.254, 0.149, 0.393, 0.446, 0.122 respectively. The results for extroversion and agreeableness were indicative of fair performance.ConclusionsAI might be useful to predict personality traits, mainly extroversion and agreeableness. This could be utile in many situations, such as dealing with missing data or deciding whether to formally test someone. Finally, the AI used in this study is freely available, allowing anyone to experiment.
Epigenetic association with environmental risk factors for mental disorders
Authors: Le Hellard S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract BodyMajor mental disorders have typically a complex aetiology where both genetic and environmental risk factors have been implicated. It has also been suggested that these risk factors could be interactive rather than just additional. In the last decade, large genetic studies have began to unravel the genetic architecture of several of these disorders. While the mechanisms of action of environmental risk factors are still unclear. At the molecular level, gene expression can be regulated at the epigenetic level, e.g. chromatin modifications or DNA methylation. Epigenetic modifications can be affected by both genetic variations as well as environment variations. In this presentation, we will review recent results either from literature or from own data on how several known environmental risks for mental disorders can be associated with modifications of epigenetic markers, especially in DNA methylation. We will for instance look at the modifications associated with smoking, alcohol, cannabis, childhood trauma or obstetric complications. We will discuss also the limits of these studies and how epigenetic modifications can be relevant for the onset of mental disorders and their treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Personality traits among the staff of moroccan call centers
Authors: Drissi E. , Boulbaroud S. , Hami H. , Ahami A. , Azzaoui F.Z. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe aim of this research is to study the five major personality traits in a sample of call center employees in the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Region, Morocco.ObjectivesDemonstrate the domination of certain personality dimensions over others in this population.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional epidemiological study that involved 121 individuals, including 59 men and 62 women with an average age of 31.74 ± 7.93. The personality traits were assessed using the Big Five test.ResultsThe results show that, (63.64%) of our sample has a more dominant extraversion pole, while (36.36%) of the participants have a more dominant introversion pole. (66.12%) of our study subjects have a dominance of agreeableness dimension, while for (33.88%) of the sample the disagreeableness dimension dominates. Almost parity is observed between those in our sample who have a dominance of the conscientiousness pole (50.41%), and those who have a dominance of the impulsivity pole (49.59%). 74.38% of the participants have a dominance of the neuroticism pole, while (25.62%) have a dominance of the emotional stability pole. (57.02%) has a dominance of the openness pole, while (42.98%) have a dominance of the closedness pole.ConclusionsThis study sample is characterized to a large extent by extraversion and agreeableness; moreover this study has shed light on the dominance of the neuroticism trait in this kind of population. However, considering this study concerned only one region, it would be interesting to widen the geography of the survey to acquire more exhaustive results.
On the role of social position on extreme stress appraisal: Implications for post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Gillavry D. Mac 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRecently, several studies have implicated the social context during a traumatic experience in susceptibility to, and severity of, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Although the precise mechanisms through which the social context affects the development of PTSD are unknown, it has been suggested that the neuropeptides oxytocin and β-endorphin may play a key role in this dynamic through their effects on both the locus coeruleus and the mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine systems.ObjectivesThis experiment aims to identify in how far a formal social position, endowed by a recognised authority, modulates the stress response in cadets at the Czech military academy during a highly stressful training exercise.MethodsAs part of survival training, 40 cadets partake in a simulation of an avalanche. Although the maximum duration of the experience (being buried under snow) is 15 minutes, most cadets do not last longer than a few minutes with a significant portion requesting termination after a matter of seconds. During the experience, participants are fitted with a heart-rate and heart-rate variability monitor and tested before and after for pain resilience (a common proxy measure for β-endorphin). Participants are randomly allocated to have their individual scores or the average of their collective scores (in small groups of 5) incorporated in their final evaluation of the exercise.ResultsNot all data has been collected yet.ConclusionsWe expect to see a difference in resilience (measured in duration) between the two groups which is mirrored in the afore mentioned biomarkers.
Exposure to violence and risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in family caregivers of psychotic patients
Authors: Daoud M. , Charfi N. , Omri S. , Feki R. , Smaoui N. , Bouali M. Maalej , Zouari L. , Thabet J. Ben , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFamily caregivers of psychotic patients are exposed to violence and stress. However, associated psychological outcomes are poorly characterized in this population.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between violence directed towards caregivers of patients with psychosis and developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).MethodsParticipants were family caregivers of psychotic patients (n=95). They completed a questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics. Sociodemographic and clinical data of patients were collected from medical records. We used the perceptions of prevalence of aggression scale (POPAS) to measure the frequency and severity of aggression directed at the respondent in the past and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) to evaluate PTSD.ResultsA rate of 75.8% of caregivers reported experiencing moderate to severe levels of aggression. Decreased contact with patient (p=0.00), male gender (p=0.00), older age (p=0.00) and parent relationship (p=0.01) of caregivers, diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (p=0,00) and poor adherence to treatment (p=0,00) in affected relatives were associated with experiences of moderate–severe aggression. More than a half of caregivers (54.7%) reported potentially significant levels of PTSD which correlated with the level of aggression (p=0.00).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a large proportion of family caregivers of patient-initiated violence in psychosis reported experiencing a great distress and a high level of PTSD symptomatology. So, more attention should be paid to the support needs of caregivers who are faced with potentially life threatening aggressive behaviour by psychotic family members.