bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superconducting quantum interference at the atomic scale
Authors: Karan Sujoy , Huang Haonan , Padurariu Ciprian , Kubala Björn , Theiler Andreas , Black-Schaffer Annica M. , Morrás Gonzalo , Yeyati Alfredo Levy , Cuevas Juan Carlos , Ankerhold Joachim , Kern Klaus , Ast Christian R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA single spin in a Josephson junction can reverse the flow of the supercurrent by changing the sign of the superconducting phase difference across it. At mesoscopic length scales, these π-junctions are employed in various applications, such as finding the pairing symmetry of the underlying superconductor, as well as quantum computing. At the atomic scale, the counterpart of a single spin in a superconducting tunnel junction is known as a Yu–Shiba–Rusinov state. Observation of the supercurrent reversal in that setting has so far remained elusive. Here we demonstrate such a 0 to π transition of a Josephson junction through a Yu–Shiba–Rusinov state as we continuously change the impurity–superconductor coupling. We detect the sign change in the critical current by exploiting a second transport channel as reference in analogy to a superconducting quantum interference device, which provides our scanning tunnelling microscope with the required phase sensitivity. The measured change in the Josephson current is a signature of the quantum phase transition and allows its characterization with high resolution.
Association between body shape index and risk of mortality in the United States
Authors: Lee Heysoo , Chung Hye Soo , Kim Yoon Jung , Choi Min Kyu , Roh Yong Kyun , Chung Wankyo , Yu Jae Myung , Oh Chang-Myung , Moon Shinje 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe body mass index (BMI) neither differentiates fat from lean mass nor does it consider adipose tissue distribution. In contrast, the recently introduced z-score of the log-transformed A Body Shape Index (LBSIZ) can be applied to measure obesity using waist circumference (WC), height, and weight. We aimed to investigate the association between LBSIZ and mortality. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 and linked the primary dataset to death certificate data from the National Death Index with mortality follow-up through December 31, 2015. A multiple Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortalities with adjustment for baseline characteristics. LBSIZ, WC, and BMI showed positive association with total fat percentage (P < 0.001); however, only WC and BMI were positively associated with appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) (P < 0.001). In the multiple Cox regression analysis, only LBSIZ showed a significant HR for all-cause and CVD mortalities. Under restricted cubic spline regression, mortality risk increased with LBSIZ. However, BMI and WC showed a U-shape association. In conclusion, LBSIZ is strongly associated with all-cause and CVD mortalities. Since LBSIZ is independent of BMI, LBSIZ complements BMI to identify high-risk groups for mortality even in individuals with low or normal BMI.
An improved group teaching optimization algorithm for global function optimization
Authors: Wang Yanjiao , Han Jieru , Teng Ziming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes an improved group teaching optimization algorithm (IGTOA) to improve the convergence speed and accuracy of the group teaching optimization algorithm. It assigns teachers independently for each individual, replacing the original way of sharing the same teacher, increasing the evolutionary direction and expanding the diversity of the population; it dynamically divides the students of the good group and the students of the average group to meet the different needs of convergence speed and population diversity in different evolutionary stages; in the student learning stage, the weak self-learning part is canceled, the mutual learning part is increased, and the population diversity is supplemented; for the average group students, a new sub-space search mode is proposed, and the teacher's teaching method is improved to reduce the diversity in the population evolution process. and propose a population reconstruction mechanism to expand the search range of the current population and ensure population diversity. Finally, the experimental results on the CEC2013 test suite show that IGTOA has clear advantages in convergence speed and accuracy over the other five excellent algorithms.
Development of an in-house quantitative ELISA for the evaluation of different Covid-19 vaccines in humans
Authors: Gdoura Mariem , Ghaloum Fatma Ben , Hamida Meriem Ben , Chamsa Wafa , Triki Henda , Bahloul Chokri 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReliable serological assays are needed to understand the real impact of COVID-19. In order to compare the efficiency of different COVID-19 vaccines used in the National Vaccination Program in Tunisia, we have developed a quantitative in-house ELISA. The ELISA is based on the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Baculovirus recombinant protein. We used a panel of 145 COVID-19 RT-PCR positive serum samples and 116 pre-pandemic serum samples as a negative panel. The validation was carried out by comparison to four commercial techniques (Vidas SARS-CoV-2 IgG anti-RBD Biomérieux, Elecsys Anti-Nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 Roche, cPass GenScript and the quantitative Elecsys Anti-RBD of SARS-CoV-2, Roche). For the evaluation of the National Vaccination campaign, we have included 115 recipients who received one of the approved vaccines. The qualitative performances of the developed ELISA gave 96% sensitivity, 97.5% specificity and 0.968 accuracy. For the evaluation of the different brand of vaccines in recipients not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, it seems that mRNA vaccine of Pfizer/BioNTech has shown a higher efficacy compared to inactivated virus vaccines. COVID-19 convalescent individuals have generated poor antibody responses. Nevertheless, when they are vaccinated with any brand of the COVID-19 vaccines, many of them mounted an exponential increase of the induced immune responses, qualified as a “hybrid vigor immunity”. Our developed in-house ELISA seems to be very efficient in evaluating the effectiveness of anti-COVID-19 vaccination. Platforms based on mRNA vaccine are better performing than those based on inactivated virus.
Investigating the Role of Quercetin in Increasing the Rate of
Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis Via the NF-κB Pathway in MG-63 Cancer
Cells
Authors: Ahmadi Mehran , Valizadeh Amir , Bazavar Mohammadreza , Yousefi Bahman 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Numerous studies suggest that the co-treatment of
chemotherapeutic agents with flavonoids such as Quercetin (Que) may enhance
tumor cells’ susceptibility to these agents. Hence, in the current
study, we investigated Que’s role in combination with Cisplatin to
promote cell apoptosis by focusing on the NF-κB signaling pathway in the
osteosarcoma cell lines.
Methods The Que, Cisplatin, and their combination’s general
cytotoxicity effects were evaluated using an MTT assay for 72 hrs. The protein
expression levels of NF-κB were detected by an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate cell
apoptosis.
Results Que considerably elevated the cytotoxicity of Cisplatin
(P<0.05). Que also dramatically down-regulated the expression
levels of NF-κB in MG-63 cells compared to mono-treatment
(P<0.05). Besides, Que promotes cisplatin-induced apoptosis in
MG-63 cells.
Conclusion Our study’s findings provide an exact point in the
field of adjuvant therapy in osteosarcoma. In other words, this study could
provide new insights into a better understanding of the role of Que in elevating
cisplatin-induced apoptosis with NF-κB down-regulation.
Associations of Mucosal Nerve Fiber Innervation Density with Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis: A Retrospective Three-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Moesch Michèle , Usemann Jakob , Bruder Elisabeth , Romero Philipp , Schwab Constantin , Niesler Beate , Tapia-Laliena Maria Angeles , Khasanov Rasul , Nisar Tauseef , Holland-Cunz Stefan , Keck Simone ,   Study Group NIG Retro
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a congenital intestinal neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the absence of enteric ganglion cells in the distal colon. Although Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is the most frequent life-threatening complication in HSCR, to date reliable biomarkers predicting the likelihood of HAEC are yet to be established. We established a three-center retrospective study including 104 HSCR patients surgically treated between 1998 and 2019.
Materials and Methods Patient-derived cryopreserved or paraffin-preserved colonic tissue at surgery was analyzed via βIII-tubulin immunohistochemistry. We subsequently determined extrinsic mucosal nerve fiber density in resected rectosigmoid specimens and classified HSCR patients accordingly into nerve fiber-high or fiber-low groups. We compared the distribution of clinical parameters obtained from medical records between the fiber-high (n = 36) and fiber-low (n = 68) patient groups. We assessed the association between fiber phenotype and enterocolitis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age at operation.
Results Enterocolitis was more prevalent in patients with sparse mucosal nerve fiber innervation (fiber-low phenotype, 87%) compared with the fiber-high phenotype (13%; p = 0.002). In addition, patients developing enterocolitis had a younger age at surgery (3 vs. 7 months; p = 0.016). In the univariate analysis, the odds for enterocolitis development in the fiber-low phenotype was 5.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.67–16.59; p = 0.005) and 4.01 (95% CI, 1.22–13.17; p = 0.022) when adjusted for age.
Conclusion Here, we showed that HSCR patients with a low mucosal nerve fiber innervation grade in the distal aganglionic colon have a higher risk of developing HAEC. Consequently, histopathologic analysis of the nerve fiber innervation grade could serve as a novel sensitive prognostic marker associated with the development of enterocolitis in HSCR patients.
Radical Cyclization of N-Methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles with Nitriles, Ketones, and tert-Butyl Nitrite under Mild Conditions
Authors: Ge Guo-Ping , Liu Yi-Lin , Wei Wen-Ting , Jiang Li-Lin , Wang Ling-Tao , Qiu Hui , Liu Fa-Liang , Huang Xun-Jie , Cao Ting-Ting 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA method for radical cyclization of N-methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles with nitriles, ketones, and tert-butyl nitrite (TBN) for the preparation of benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones with the advantage of mild reaction conditions, excellent functional group compatibility, and broad substrate scope is reported. The present strategy has favorable characteristics: (1) the use of cheap metal catalysis; (2) N-radical-initiated cyclization of N-methacryloyl-2-arylbenzoimidazoles; and (3) rare example of radical C(sp3)–H functionalization in this cyclization.
Formal Synthesis of Teadenols via Palladium-Catalyzed 6-endo Cyclization of an Epoxyphenol
Authors: Kitamura Mitsuru , Suetake Hiroki , Hoshino Kosuke , Higashijima Yuta , Kisanuki Masato , Yuasa Ryohei , Yamaguchi Yukihiro , Shimazu Takahiro , Koga Naoya , Hamada Hiro , Miyori Nobuhiro , Shimooka Hirokazu , Okauchi Tatsuo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFormal syntheses of teadenols A and B are achieved via a key Pd-catalyzed 6-endo cyclization of a phenol possessing a vinyl ­epoxide moiety. Although 5-exo and 6-endo cyclizations compete during cyclizations of epoxides with a nucleophilic moiety at the 5-position, 6-endo cyclization is realized by using a palladium catalyst.
Current Profile of Physical Impairments in Children with Cerebral Palsy in Inclusive Education Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pahwa Pardeep K. , Mani Suresh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction Cerebral palsy (CP) excerpts a heterogeneous corral of neurological disorders occurring due to injury to the developing brain leading to motor dysfunctions. The CP children enjoy success and progress in normal school education and curriculum program. The principle of inclusive education has been acknowledged over recent decades in all countries supporting the schooling of children with disabilities into mainstream settings for constructing an inclusive society.

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the current status of physical impairments in children with CP in inclusive education settings in district Mandi, Himachal Pradesh.

Materials and Methods A survey using the physical examination of all CP children (n = 20) between the age group of 6 and 12 years in inclusive education settings with an organized interview of special educators in school settings was conducted. Descriptive analysis was conducted by using SPSS IBM 22.

Results A total of 20 CP children (11 boys and 9 girls, with the mean age of 9.8 ± 1.69) were enrolled in the study. Mean and standard deviation of Visual Analog Scale (6.5 ± 0.82), Pediatric Balance Scale (21.4 ± 17.1), Gross Motor Function Classification System, Expanded and Revised (2.8 ± 1.46), Manual Ability Classification System (2.5 ± 1.1), Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (36.40 ± 22.94), and Goal Attainment Scale (35.9 ± 0.40) with the total WeeFIM score (75.7 ± 3.4) were analyzed as the score of all outcome measures.

Conclusion Right to Education act promotes the compulsory education of such children, and limiting disability by knowing the current profile of impairments could help in improving physical and functional status in children.
Assessment of the Level of Interleukin-12 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of a Group of Patients with Aggressive Periodontitis and a Group of Healthy Subjects
Authors: Sidahmed Marwa Mohamed , Hashim Nada Tawfig 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a type of periodontal disease that is relatively prevalent among Sudanese population. The disease generally affects younger individuals and might lead to tooth loss if undetected early, leading to costly and long periodontal treatment. Until today, no reliable detection tool is present, so diagnosis is confirmed only after periodontal tissue loss has already occurred. Interleukin-12 (IL-2) has both proinflammatory and immune-regulatory effects and it has been implicated in the pathogenesis of other inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, it was not studied extensively in Sudanese population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure and compare the level of IL-12 in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with AgP and healthy subjects without periodontitis.
Materials and Methods In this study, 30 patients with AgP and 30 healthy subjects were recruited. The periodontal parameters included bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). GCF levels of IL-12 were measured.
Results A total of 60 participants were enrolled in this study with female predominance of 83% and males comprising 17%. The results of this study showed slight elevation in the level of IL-12 in the GCF in AgP group with a mean value of (60.7) and a mean value of (52.7) in the healthy subjects group; however, the difference was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.120). Also, no statistically significant correlation was found between the level of this interleukin and periodontal parameters with slight elevation in AgP group. The p-value for BOP, PPD, and CAL was 0.369, 0.985, and 0.797, respectively.
Conclusion The slight increase in the level of IL-12 in GCF of AgP patient and slight elevation in sites with attachment loss suggest a possible role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of AgP. More studies are required to determine the exact role of this cytokine in AgP.
Performing a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis to Simulate and Quantify the Contact Pressure in the Canine Elbow Joint: A Pilot Study
Authors: Rhode Michaela , Harms Oliver , Finck Yannick , Dautzenberg Philipp , Schweizer Julia , Lüpke Matthias , Freise Fritjof , Fehr Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to measure surface pressures and force distribution on radius and ulna in healthy and dysplastic elbow joints in different positions using the finite element analysis (FEA).Study Design FEA was performed on computed tomographic data of healthy and fragmented coronoid process diseased elbow joints of Labrador Retrievers. It considered the articular cartilage, collateral ligaments, triceps and biceps muscle. The analysis of each joint was performed in four positions (standing position: 145 degrees and three positions of the stance phase of gait: beginning: 115 degrees, middle: 110 degrees, end: 145 degrees joint angle) in consideration of different ground reaction forces (standing: 88.3 N; stance phase of gait: 182.5 N).Results Mean values of total force of 317.5 N (standing), 590.7 N (beginning), 330.9 N (middle) and 730.9 N (end) were measured. The percentual force distribution resulted in a total of 49.56 ± 26.58% on the ulna with a very inhomogeneous distribution. A significant difference was detected between the positions ‘standing’ and ‘end’ (p = 0.0497) regardless of the joint condition. In some FEA results, visual assessment of the surface pressures indicated an increase in pressure in the region of the medial compartment without a uniform pattern. An increase in pressure resulted in an area increase in the pressure marks on the joint surface and measurable pressure was increased at a larger joint angle.Clinical Significance FEA can provide information about the transmission of force in the joint. Prior to the use of FEA in scientific clinical research for the simulation of force, further model improvements are necessary.
Performance of a Qualitative Point-of-Care Strip Test to Detect DOAC Exposure at the Emergency Department: A Cohort-Type Cross-Sectional Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Merrelaar Anne E. , Bögl Magdalena S. , Buchtele Nina , Merrelaar Marieke , Herkner Harald , Schoergenhofer Christian , Harenberg Job , Douxfils Jonathan , Siriez Romain , Jilma Bernd , Spiel Alexander O. , Schwameis Michael 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn accurate point-of-care test for detecting effective anticoagulation by direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in emergencies is an unmet need. We investigated the accuracy of a urinary qualitative strip test (DOAC Dipstick) to detect relevant DOAC exposure in patients who presented to an emergency department. In this prospective single-center cohort-type cross-sectional study, adults on DOAC treatment were enrolled. We assessed clinical sensitivity and specificity of DOAC Dipstick factor Xa and thrombin inhibitor pads to detect DOAC plasma levels ≥30 ng/mL using urine samples as the testing matrix. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem-mass spectrometry was used as the reference standard method for plasma and urine measurement of DOAC concentrations. Of 293 patients enrolled, 265 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 92 were treated with rivaroxaban, 65 with apixaban, 77 with edoxaban, and 31 with dabigatran. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the dipstick on urine samples to detect ≥30 ng/mL dabigatran plasma levels were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 87–100%) and 98% (95% CI: 95–99%), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the dipstick to detect ≥30 ng/mL factor Xa inhibitor plasma levels were 97% (95% CI: 94–99%) and 69% (95% CI: 56–79%), respectively. The DOAC Dipstick sensitively identified effective thrombin and factor Xa inhibition in a real-world cohort of patients presenting at an emergency department. Therefore, the dipstick might provide a valuable test to detect relevant DOAC exposure in emergencies, although further studies will be needed to confirm these findings.
On the stability of covariant BSSN formulation
Authors: Urakawa Ryosuke , Tsuchiya Takuya , Yoneda Gen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the numerical stability of the covariant BSSN (cBSSN) formulation proposed by Brown. We calculate the constraint amplification factor (CAF), which is an eigenvalue of the coefficient matrix of the evolution equations of the constraints on the cBSSN formulation and on some adjusted formulations with constraints added to the evolution equations. The adjusted formulations have a higher numerical stability than the cBSSN formulation from the viewpoint of the CAF.
Fabricating Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films on BaFe2As2 substrates and their superconducting properties
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Chen Wangyang , Tang Qingbin , Li Yigang , He Tian , Chen Dong , Lei Qiankun , Chen Rui , Hou Siyu , Tu Youchao , Yu Benhai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films on BaFe2As2 substrates with T
c ∼ 29.8 K have been synthesized by a simple one-step self-flux method. Quasi-single-crystal Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films are more favorable in 122-type crystal structure but not in 1144-type. Based on the obtained Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films, the temperature and angle-dependent resistivity are measured under a magnetic field up to 9.0 T. The results indicate that the films exhibited high upper critical fields, strong flux pinning potential and low anisotropic factors. By scaling the resistivity within the framework of the anisotropic Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory, the angle-dependent resistivity of Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films under various magnetic fields at a fixed temperature can be scaled to one curve. Both the Werthamer–Helfand–Hohenberg and GL methods give a similar anisotropic factor ∼3.0. Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2, cannot naturally grow bulk single crystals but only form film on the surface of BaFe2As2 crystal under normal pressure. It is reasonable to infer that surface strain should play a key role in the formation of Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 films. Thus, it is believed that element doping or substitution may be one of the most effective methods to obtain doped-Ba0.5Cs0.5Fe2As2 bulk single crystals.
Perturbative region on non-Gaussian parameter space in single-field inflation
Authors: Kristiano Jason , Yokoyama Jun'ichi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We calculate one-loop correction to the two-point functions of curvature perturbation in single-field inflation generated by cubic self-interaction. Incorporating the observed red-tilted spectrum of curvature perturbation, the relevant one-loop correction takes a finite value and inversely proportional to the spectral tilt. Requiring one-loop correction to be much smaller than the tree-level contribution leads to an upper bound on primordial non-Gaussianity. While observationally allowed region of non-Gaussian parameter space is found to be entirely included by the region, where one-loop correction is smaller than the tree-level contribution, an appreciably large region has one-loop correction larger than 1% or even 10% of the latter. If future observations conclude non-Gaussianity falls in such a region, then it would be important to incorporate higher-order corrections to the spectrum in order to achieve precise cosmology. In some extreme cases, where one-loop correction has a comparable magnitude to the tree-level contribution, it might indicate breakdown of the cosmological perturbation theory in the context of single-field inflation.