bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ninety-Day Risk-Standardized Home Time as a Performance Metric for Cardiac Surgery Hospitals in the United States
Authors: Mentias Amgad , Desai Milind Y. , Keshvani Neil , Gillinov A. Marc , Johnston Douglas , Kumbhani Dharam J. , Hirji Sameer A. , Sarrazin Mary-Vaughan , Saad Marwan , Peterson Eric D. , Mack Michael J. , Cram Peter , Girotra Saket , Kapadia Samir , Svensson Lars , Pandey Ambarish 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Assessing hospital performance for cardiac surgery necessitates consistent and valid care quality metrics. The association of hospital-level risk-standardized home time for cardiac surgeries with other performance metrics such as mortality rate, readmission rate, and annual surgical volume has not been evaluated previously.

Methods:
The study included Medicare beneficiaries who underwent isolated or concomitant coronary artery bypass graft, aortic valve, or mitral valve surgery from January 1, 2013, to October 1, 2019. Hospital-level performance metrics of annual surgical volume, 90-day risk-standardized mortality rate, 90-day risk-standardized readmission rate, and 90-day risk-standardized home time were estimated starting from the day of surgery using generalized linear mixed models with a random intercept for the hospital. Correlations between the performance metrics were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Patient-level clinical outcomes were also compared across hospital quartiles by 90-day risk-standardized home time. Last, the temporal stability of performance metrics for each hospital during the study years was also assessed.

Results:

Overall, 919 698 patients (age 74.2±5.8 years, 32% women) were included from 1179 hospitals. Median 90-day risk-standardized home time was 71.2 days (25th–75th percentile, 66.5–75.6), 90-day risk-standardized readmission rate was 26.0% (19.5%–35.7%), and 90-day risk-standardized mortality rate was 6.0% (4.0%–8.8%). Across 90-day home time quartiles, a graded decline was observed in the rates of in-hospital, 90-day, and 1-year mortality, and 90-day and 1-year readmission. Ninety-day home time had a significant positive correlation with annual surgical volume (
r
=0.31;
P
<0.001) and inverse correlation with 90-day risk-standardized readmission rate (
r
=–0.40;
P
<0.001) and 90-day risk-standardized mortality rate (
r
=–0.60;
P
<0.001). Use of 90-day home time as a performance metric resulted in a meaningful reclassification in performance ranking of 22.8% hospitals compared with annual surgical volume, 11.6% compared with 90-day risk-standardized mortality rate, and 19.9% compared with 90-day risk-standardized readmission rate. Across the 7 years of the study period, 90-day home time demonstrated the most temporal stability of the hospital performance metrics.

Conclusions:
Ninety-day risk-standardized home time is a feasible, comprehensive, patient-centered metric to assess hospital-level performance in cardiac surgery with greater temporal stability than mortality and readmission measures.
Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis Demonstrate Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling and Impaired Cardiac Function Before Surgery With Increased Risk of Postoperative Heart Failure
Authors: Wedin Johan O. , Vedin Ola , Rodin Sergey , Simonson Oscar E. , Hörsne Malmborg Jonathan , Pallin Johan , James Stefan K. , Flachskampf Frank A. , Ståhle Elisabeth , Grinnemo Karl-Henrik 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Differences in adverse cardiac remodeling between patients who have bicuspid (BAV) and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) with severe isolated aortic stenosis (AS) and its prognostic impact after surgical aortic valve replacement remains unclear. We sought to investigate differences in preoperative diastolic and systolic function in patients with BAV and TAV who have severe isolated AS and the incidence of postoperative heart failure hospitalization and mortality.

Methods:
Two hundred seventy-one patients with BAV (n=152) or TAV (n=119) and severe isolated AS without coronary artery disease or other valvular heart disease, scheduled for surgical aortic valve replacement, were prospectively included. Comprehensive preoperative echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic function was performed. The heart failure events were registered during a mean prospective follow-up of 1260 days versus 1441 days for patients with BAV or TAV, respectively.

Results:

Patients with BAV had a more pronounced LV hypertrophy with significantly higher indexed LV mass ([LVMi] 134 g/m
2
versus 104 g/m
2
,
P
<0.001), higher prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction (72% versus 44%,
P
<0.001), reduced LV ejection fraction (55% versus 60%,
P
<0.001), significantly impaired global longitudinal strain (
P
<0.001), significantly higher NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) levels (
P
=0.007), and a higher prevalence of preoperative levosimendan treatment (
P
<0.001) than patients with TAV. LVMi was associated with diastolic dysfunction in both patients with BAV and TAV. There was a significant interaction between aortic valve morphology and LVMi on LV ejection fraction, which indicated a pronounced association between LVMi and LV ejection fraction for patients with BAV and lack of association between LVMi and LV ejection fraction for patients with TAV. Postoperatively, the patients with BAV required significantly more inotropic support (
P
<0.001). The patients with BAV had a higher cumulative incidence of postoperative heart failure admissions compared with patients with TAV (28.2% versus 10.6% at 6 years after aortic valve replacement, log-rank
P
=0.004). Survival was not different between patients with BAV and TAV (log-rank
P
=0.165).

Conclusions:
Although they were significantly younger, patients with BAV who had isolated severe AS had worse preoperative LV function and an increased risk of postoperative heart failure hospitalization compared with patients who had TAV. Our findings suggest that patients who have BAV with AS might benefit from closer surveillance and possibly earlier intervention.
Effect of Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ashcroft Sarah K. , Ironside Daniel D. , Johnson Liam , Kuys Suzanne S. , Thompson-Butel Angelica G. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a biomarker of neuroplasticity linked with better functional outcomes after stroke. Early evidence suggests that increased concentrations after exercise may be possible for people with stroke, however it is unclear how exercise parameters influence BDNF concentration.

Methods:
This systematic review and meta-analysis searched 7 electronic databases. Experimental or observational studies measuring changes in BDNF concentration after exercise in people poststroke were included. Data were extracted including characteristics of the study, participants, interventions, and outcomes. Several fixed and random effects meta-analyses were completed.

Results:
Seventeen studies including a total of 687 participants met the eligibility criteria (6 randomized trials). Significant improvements were observed in BDNF concentration following a single session (mean difference, 2.49 ng/mL; [95% CI, 1.10–3.88]) and program of high intensity aerobic exercise (mean difference, 3.42 ng/mL; [95% CI, 1.92–4.92]).

Conclusions:
High intensity aerobic exercise can increase circulating BDNF concentrations, which may contribute to increased neuroplasticity.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/
; Unique identifier: CRD42021251083.
Misinterpreted Elliptical Structures in 1QIsaa
Authors: Fleck Einav 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article examines elliptical structures in MT Isaiah that were apparently interpreted as non-elliptical in 1QIsaa. The different interpretation in the scroll is evident from various changes compared to the Masoretic Text of Isaiah, e.g., a change in gender or number of a verb; a change in the lexical category of a word; omission or addition of function word. These variants are evaluated from a language-processing perspective. It is argued that since elliptical structures require the inference of linguistic material that is not overt in the surface structure, if the scribes had perceived a non-elliptical interpretation based on the surface structure, or if a such structure could have been perceived by a minor change of the input due to the absent material, these variants were generated. These processes occur unintentionally and hence in such cases the resulting readings are not the outcome of deliberate editing.
Reconfiguring Deep Time
Authors: Kidwell Jeremy H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Deep time comes in many forms, including a range of temporal frames, and various approaches to more ethical engagement with the biosphere. In this paper, I explore the recent use and contestation of history, in light of its legacy as a Christian theological project (from Eusebius and Bede into more recent renderings) and a potent political tool. In particular I argue for a pluralising of deep time against forms of white supremacy, and point to work in Black philosophy of history, particularly Caribbean critical thought, which offer a reframing of history, and by extension a different sort of ethical engagement with deep time.
Deep Time and Domestication in Vahni (Anthony Ezekiel) Capildeo’s ‘Dog or Wolf’
Authors: Farrier David 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this short article, I read Vahni (Anthony Ezekiel) Capildeo’s lyric poem ‘Dog or Wolf’ as an illustration of how a poem can encompass the deep time of co-evolution and speciation (the process whereby species diverge). According to Jonathan Culler, there is a “special now” of lyric poetry: we encounter any poem in a perpetual present, but one with an open temporal horizon. Drawing on Deborah Bird Rose’s concept of ethical time, I suggest that the “gentle howling” of Capildeo’s ambiguous canid, which echoes Rose’s suggestion that other species call us into being, shows how poetry can also be a means of marking very deep time.
Size-related changes and chemical basis of melanin-based body coloration in the amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni
Authors: Recio Pablo , Rodríguez-Ruiz Gonzalo , López Pilar , Martín José 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Melanin is a fundamental pigment in animal coloration as it is involved in many different adaptive functions such as signaling or thermoregulation. Two forms of melanin are known to produce different colors (eumelanin: black; pheomelanin: yellow or brown). Here, we explored whether there were intersexual differences and/or size-related changes in melanization of the amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegmanni, a fossorial species with a characteristic black and yellow color pattern of scales. We found a clear effect of body length, but not of sex, on the levels of melanization, which was also dependent on the body region; the proportion of melanin-dependent blackish coloration increased with body length in the dorsum, but decreased with body length in the ventral belly area. We also studied the chemical basis of this coloration using Raman spectroscopy and found that eumelanin was present in both black and yellow scales, but pheomelanin was not found in yellow scales, suggesting that this yellow coloration is caused by the reduction of eumelanin or dispersion of melanosomes and/or perhaps by other pigments.
Black Magicians and Foreign Devils in Little Britain
Authors: Doherty Bernard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The unlikely literary success of Dennis Wheatley as an author of occult-themed popular fiction has had an integral and lasting impact on British popular ideas about Satanism. Writing between the 1930s and the 1970s, Wheatley’s “Black Magic Stories” pieced together a culturally specific demonology through which he filtered his often reactionary political and social views in the areas of race, class, gender, sexuality, and religion. Wheatley’s writings became one of the key conduits via which the traditional mythology of Satanism was disseminated over the course of the twentieth century—particularly in Britain. To highlight Wheatley’s cultural significance this article introduces the Wheatley phenomenon and the critical reception of his works. Second, it examines his demonological imaginary by looking at his treatment of a series of themes in his “Black Magic Stories.” Third, it interrogates the evidence for Wheatley’s sources and his direct involvement in the occult. Finally, it considers the high point of Wheatley’s cultural impact between the 1950s and the 1970s, showing some of the avenues by which his writings influenced and shaped the popular image of Satanism which became ubiquitous during this period, and which fed directly into the Satanic Panics of the 1980s and 1990s.
Assessment of the Dutch Rules on Health Data in the Light of the GDPR
Authors: Kist Irith 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In 2021, the European Commission published its Assessment of the EU Member States’ rules on health data in the light of General Data Protection Regulation. The Commission concluded that the GDPR has been interpreted in many ways in the EU as regards health research, and national implementation legislation has resulted in a fragmented legal landscape. Several lawful bases are used as a legitimation for the secondary use of health data. I address the Dutch legislation on the re-use, or secondary use of health data for scientific research where explicit consent is the general rule. However, both the GDPR, the Dutch GDPR Implementation Act and sectoral health legislation leave room for alternatives. I conclude that a further review of these alternatives is required to enhance scientific health research with the secondary use of health data, and I sketch a few avenues for further exploration.
A Case of Mǝhǝrkä Dǝngǝl
Authors: Gusarova Ekaterina V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Within the framework of medievel Ethiopian historiography Mǝhǝrkä Dǝngǝl is often considered as its typical representative. He was a royal secretary, the Court confessor and authored the beginning of the chronicle of the Ethiopian King Susǝnyos (1604–1632). The present article deals with the other side of this highly educated scribe, who proved to be a translator from Arabic into Gə‘əz of the Universal History by John of Nikiu (fl. 680–690) and one of the rare Ethiopian Christian scholars, who converted to Catholicism. Therefore, the written heritage of Mǝhǝrkä Dǝngǝl and his religious beliefs require particular attention. Although it would be tempting to explain his apostasy from the so-called “Alexandrian Faith” by expanding his confessional horizons through acquaintance with the early Byzantine history described in detail in the Chronicle of John of Nikiu, it seems quite more probable that Catholicism aroused his sympathy as a reliable ideological basis for royal autocracy.
Zwischen Universitätsreformen und katholischer Renaissance
Authors: Hlade Josef , Meer Rudolf 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With the first edition of the Philosophical Criticism, published in the 1870s and 1880s, Alois Riehl became the founder and most important representative of Realistic Criticism, and emerged as one of the leading figures in German-speaking philosophy at the turn of the century. In 1901, he applied for a chair at the Faculty of Philosophy at the University of Vienna. In the appointment procedure for the succession to Ernst Mach, he was chosen by the committee with the recommendation unico loco, and also confirmed by the faculty. Nevertheless, the Minister of Education, Wilhelm von Hartel, rejected the recommendation for political and ideological reasons. Using previously unpublished archival sources, the present study reconstructs Riehl’s academic career, the conditions of the appointment procedure, the internal decision-making processes, and the reasons that ultimately led to his rejection. The aim of the article is to develop a case study that, first, makes educational policy in Austria visible and, second, critically evaluates the term Austrian Philosophy that dates back to this time.
Capitalism in Academia and the Theory of Academic Capitalism: Political Economy of Higher Education in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Authors: Sundell Taavi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The theory of academic capitalism (ac) is a prominent attempt to grasp the multifaceted organizational and functional transformations of universities and higher education (he) in contemporary times. However, this has rarely provided an in-depth examination of the meaning of capitalism in the context of he and has largely ignored the Global South. Focusing on the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, this paper begins by examining the political economy of this country’s little-studied he system. It explores its entanglements with the broader Jordanian political economy by focusing on for-profit private universities and the implications of capitalist (foreign) ownership for their functioning and governance. The article draws, in part, on novel interview data gathered by the author in Jordan from 2015–17 to elaborate Jordanian he elite’s understanding of this system. The Jordanian case is juxtaposed with ac to appraise the applicability of the theory to contexts distinct from advanced capitalist economies.
GL-impsing Bodish
Authors: ZHUANG Lingzi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A heretofore unrecognized prefix **g- is reconstructed for Proto-Bodish as an agentive transitivization prefix. This prefix is fossilized before liquids in at least 9 Tamangic verbs, and preserved as a root preinitial in at least 39 Tibetan verbs. The semantic value of agentive transitivization is characterized as an increase in the level of Agent involvement, and/or in the Agent’s conscious effort in performing the action. I describe a newly-documented suffix -wʌ in Sikleś Gurung (Tamangic) which innovatively grammaticalize this meaning category. The reconstruction of **g- lends support to the notional Bodish subgroup by grounding it in a shared innovation.
Tone and vowel uvularity in Rma
Authors: SIMS Nathaniel A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Evans’ 2006b recognition of a phonological opposition between plain and uvularized vowels in the Hóngyán variety of Northwestern Rma was an important discovery for Rma linguistics, yet the diachronic origins of this phenomenon have not been fully considered. This paper considers the origin of uvularized vowels in the Hóngyán dialect through comparison with the tonal Lóngxī variety, finding plain and uvularized vowels in Hóngyán to correspond regularly with H and L tones in Lóngxī Rma.
Made in the City of Baghdad? Medieval Textile Production and Pattern Notation Systems of Early Lampas Woven Silks
Authors: Mühlemann Corinne 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A small Arabic inscription on a fragment of an early lampas woven silk, today preserved in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston (inv. no. 33.371), states that it was made in the city of Baghdad. But an orthographic error within the Arabic inscription reveals the actual place of manufacture: al-Andalus. I analyze this fragment together with a passage from the ḥisba manual of al-Saqati. Ḥisba manuals contain rules composed by the muḥtasib, the market inspector. Abu ʿAbdallah Muhammad Ibn Abu Muhammad al-Saqati was the market inspector of Málaga in Spain, and his work, the Kitāb fī ādāb al-ḥisba, was compiled at the close of the eleventh and opening of the twelfth centuries, at the same time that the new lampas weaving technology arrived in al-Andalus. Through a discussion of the Arabic terms rasm and bayt and a calculation of a hypothetical standard-sized silk produced in Málaga, I demonstrate the potential of ḥisba manuals to shed light on textile manufacture, loom technology, and the transfer of weaving knowledge and patterns in early twelfth-century al-Andalus. Further, shared terminology between looms, poetry, and music, evident in the term bayt, permits a discussion of rhythm in the making of lampas woven silks and an exploration of the traditions in which weaving knowledge is rooted.
Legitimacy, Syncretism, and Bangsamoro Jihad: Discourses of Struggle and Community within the Moro Islamic Liberation Front
Authors: Galsim Miguel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Islam’s influence in nationalism and political legitimacy is frequently studied, but diversity across the umma warrants continued investigation into how Islamic tradition shapes its style, content, and potency. Investigating the discourse of 1980s Mindanao’s Moro Islamic Liberation Front, this article adopts a syncretic approach for understanding encounters between Islamic traditions, particularly jihad, and nationalist symbols. Through discourse analysis, this article creates a textured understanding of the power of Islamic-nationalism, focusing on both intellectual genealogy and textual practice. It concludes that in this instance, Islamic-nationalism can be an inherently legitimising phenomenon, animated by the uniquely moral, temporal drive of jihadi tradition.
Doctors and ‘Educational Overpressure’ in Nineteenth-Century Britain: A Fatigue State that Divided Medical Opinion
Authors: Connor Henry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The expansion of education in the later nineteenth century led to concerns that ‘educational overpressure’ was damaging the health of children. Overpressure was an ill-defined condition which presented nosological problems and diagnostic difficulties. These were further clouded by political and sociocultural issues which included malnutrition, learning disabilities and postulated hereditable physical and mental degeneration. Uncertainty about the true nature of overpressure divided the British medical profession with a vocal minority alleging that it was common and could result in serious illness, another group who thought that the consequences were minor, and some who altogether doubted its existence. In Britain the debate was intensified by politically motivated funding decisions which put pressures on elementary schoolchildren. In continental Europe the emphasis was on secondary schoolchildren but in other respects the condition was similar, though severe symptoms were more commonly described in Britain. Comparisons with neurasthenia and similar states show that overpressure was what is now recognized as a fatigue state. Nosological difficulties are common in these conditions and often result in conflicting opinions. Disputes about overpressure temporarily damaged the British profession’s credibility at a time when some doctors were pressing for further medical involvement in the educational arena. However, schools could now no longer be regarded as exclusively pedagogical and overpressure had contributed to wider concerns about child health and welfare.
Stateless Status and Expulsion from Italian Territory
Authors: Marinai Simone 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this judgment the Corte di Cassazione addresses the issue of the prohibition on the expulsion of stateless persons guaranteed by Article 31 of the New York Convention of 1954 Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and affirms that it represents an exception to the general rule under international law according to which every State has, in principle, the right to expel at any moment an alien from its territory. The decision is particularly interesting because it allows a reflection on the vulnerable condition of stateless persons, on the distinction between de jure and de facto statelessness, and on the burden and standard of proof in establishing statelessness.