bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Among Ibrutinib Treatment In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Çetintepe Tuğba , Gediz Füsun , Akyar Işın , Çetintepe Lutfi , Koç Ali Murat 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Both chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) itself and the drugs used for its treatment, pose a risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Although the relationship between Rituximab and PML is well known, case reports that have been recently published, suggest that ibrutinib; which is used in the treatment of CLL, may increase the risk of PML. Case report Here, we report a case of 64 year-old female patient with CLL who was previously treated with rituximab, fludarabine and bendamustin but developed PML after receiving monotherapy with ibrutinib. According to Naranjo’s algorithm, the causality relationship with the drug is possible with a score of 3. The patient initially exhibited neurological symptoms. Magnetic resonance of the brain revealed a bilateral asymmetric hyperintensity in the white matter involving the parietal and occipital lobules, and there was no mass effect, edema, hemorrhagic or iscemic lesions. No enhancement of contrast media was observed. The findings were consistent with demyelination and suggestive of PML. Management and outcome Mirtazapine treatment was initiated. However, neurological sympthoms continuously progressed over the following weeks and the patient, aged 64, died six weeks after diagnosis of PML. Discussion PML is a rare and often fatal demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is exclusively seen in immunocompromised patients and there is no specific agent to treat PML. The case discussed here, highlights that the use of ibrutinib in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) therapy may result in PML.
Retrospective study evaluating immune-related adverse events in cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab
Authors: Mashni Ola K. , Baba Dima W. , Mahmoud Aseel N. , Qur’an Tasnim O. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction Pembrolizumab has been on the market for several years, but most of the safety data is based on clinical trials with limited literature evaluating post-marketing immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated with its use. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of irAEs associated with pembrolizumab. Methods We included adult patients who had received pembrolizumab between January 2016 and December 2020. The patient electronic profiles and the pharmacy adverse event reporting system were reviewed to identify adverse events. Patients were followed from the start of treatment until 12 months after the last dose, end of the study, or death. The characteristics of the patients and the irAEs were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with the development of irAE. Results During the study period, 223 patients and 1601 cycles of pembrolizumab were evaluated. A total of 67 irAEs were reported in 58 patients. The median age was 53 years (range 18–84), and most patients were males (75%) with metastatic lung cancer (62%). The most common irAEs were respiratory (30%), followed by gastrointestinal (25%), endocrine (24%), and dermatologic (21%). Among the reported irAEs, 28 were associated with hospital admission, 15 required long-term treatment, and 9 resulted in pembrolizumab discontinuation. In logistic regression, there were no significant predictors associated with irAE. Conclusions Respiratory irAEs were the most common in our population. We were unable to identify predictors of irAE in this cohort. Further studies are necessary to identify predictors of adverse events.
COVID-19 Experiences and Mental Health Among Graduate and Undergraduate Nursing Students in Los Angeles
Authors: Jardon Cecilia , Choi Kristen R. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Nurses and nursing students are at risk for negative mental health as a result of significant work stressors from the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to (1) describe the mental health of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) investigate relationships between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, and (3) examine correlates of mental health service use. METHOD: This observational study used a web-based survey to assess COVID-19 experiences, self-reported mental health, and mental health service utilization among nursing students in Los Angeles in spring 2021 ( N = 174, 30.1% response rate). The survey used measures of stressful COVID-19 experiences (personal COVID-19 illness, hospitalization of close friends or family, and death of close friends or family), loneliness, resilience, depression, anxiety, COVID-19-related traumatic stress, and utilization of campus and noncampus mental health services. RESULTS: Students had high levels of depression (30%), anxiety (38%), and traumatic stress (30%). There was no relationship between stressful COVID-19 experiences and mental health, but loneliness was associated with higher odds of mental health problems and resilience with lower odds. Mental health problems were not associated with use of campus or noncampus mental health services. Students with primary caregiving responsibilities ( OR = 0.22, 95% CI [0.05, 0.87]) and students who identified as Asian/Pacific Islander ( OR = 0.24, 95% CI [0.09, 0.70]) had lower odds of mental health service utilization. CONCLUSIONS: Resilience and loneliness affect nursing student risk for negative mental health as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Targeted, accessible mental health support within nursing education programs may be warranted.
Patients’ experiences of cannulation of arteriovenous access for haemodialysis: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Fielding Catherine , Bramley Louise , Stalker Carol , Brand Sarah , Toft Suzanne , Buchanan Heather 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Cannulation is an essential part of haemodialysis with arteriovenous access. Patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis are problematic but poorly understood. This review aims to synthesise findings related to patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis from qualitative studies, providing a fuller description of this phenomenon. Methods: Eligibility criteria defined the inclusion of studies with a population of patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis. The phenomena of interest was findings related to patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis and the context was both in-centre and home haemodialysis. MedLine, CINAHL, EMBASE, EMCARE, BNI, PsycInfo and PubMed were last searched between 20/05/2019 and 23/05/2019. The quality of studies was assessed using the using Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Meta-aggregation was used to synthesise findings and CERQual to assess the strength of accumulated findings. Results: This review included 26 studies. The subject of included studies covered cannulation, pain, experiences of vascular access, experiences of haemodialysis and a research priority setting exercise. From these studies, three themes were meta-aggregated: (1) Cannulation for haemodialysis is an unpleasant, abnormal and unique procedure associated with pain, abnormal appearance, vulnerability and dependency. (2) The necessity of cannulation for haemodialysis emphasises the unpleasantness of the procedure. Success had multiple meanings for patients and patients worry about whether the needle insertion will be successful. (3) Patients survive unpleasant, necessary and repetitive cannulation by learning to tolerate cannulation and exerting control over the procedure. Feeling safe can help them tolerate cannulation better and the cannulator can invoke feeling safe. However, some patients still avoid cannulation, due to its unpleasantness. Conclusions: Cannulation is a pervasive procedure that impacts on patients’ experiences of haemodialysis. This review illuminates further patients’ experiences of cannulation for haemodialysis, indicating how improvements can be made to cannulation. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42019134583).
Images Made by Contagion: On Dermatological Wax Moulages
Authors: Fend Mechthild 
Published: January 2022

Moulages are contact media – images made by contagion in the most literal sense: their production relies on a process in which the object to be reproduced is touched by the reproducing material. In the case of dermatological moulages, the plaster touches the infected skin of the sick and, once dried, serves as the negative form for the waxen image of a disease. Focussing on the collection of the Hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris, the article situates the production of dermatological moulages within the visual culture of 19th-century medicine and raises the question how an ancient technique of image production could become such a prevalent tool for the documentation of skin diseases during a period usually associated with the rise of scientific medicine and a reconsideration of theories of contagion in medical aetiology.
The mediating role of Courageous coping in the relations between spirituality and social support with resilience among adolescents with hemophilia
Authors: Parviniannasab Ali Mohammad , Rakhshan Mahnaz , Momennasab Marzieh , Soltanian Mitra , Rambod Masoume , Akbarzadeh Mahdi 
Published: January 2022

In addition to physical disorders, people with hemophilia face complex psychological problems. Hence, protective factors such as coping strategies, social support, and spirituality to improve psychological health should be determined. This study examined the role of courageous coping as a mediator in the interrelationships between spirituality as well as social support and resilience among adolescents with hemophilia. In this descriptive-analytical study, the participants were 372 adolescents with hemophilia aged 11–21 years. Connor–Davidson resilience scale, Jalowiec Coping scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and spirituality scale were the instruments used in this study. The analysis results of Pearson correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between spirituality as well as social support and resilience. Also, it was determined that courageous coping is a thorough mediator between spirituality and resilience. The mediating role of courageous coping did not reach meaningful levels between social support and resilience, meaning that zero was included in bootstrap interval, CI 95% (β =.026, CI [-.002, .089]). Social support, adopting a spiritual strategy, and using coping strategies played a crucial role among the adolescents to promote their level of resilience to cope with hemophilia.
More Than Skin Deep: Dermatologic Conditions in Athletes
Authors: Pujalte George G.A. , Costa Lorena M.C. , Clapp Adrianna D. , Presutti R. John , Sluzevich Jason C. 
Published: January 2022

Context: Athletes are a unique group of patients whose activities, particularly in high-contact sports such as wrestling and football, place them at high risk of developing skin conditions. The correct diagnosis of sports dermatoses requires familiarity with their clinical characteristics. It is critical that primary care physicians recognize the most common skin disorders to provide prompt treatment and prevent transmission. Evidence Acquisition: The Mayo Clinic library obtained articles from 2012 onward related to dermatologic conditions in athletes. Study Design: Review article. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: Dermatologic diseases in athletes are often infectious and contagious due to close-contact sports environments. Sports-related dermatoses include bacterial infections, such as impetigo, ecthyma, folliculitis, abscesses, furuncles, carbuncles, erysipelas, and cellulitis; fungal infections, such as tinea and intertrigo; viral infections, such as herpes, verrucae, and molluscum contagiosum; and noninfectious conditions, such as acne, blisters, and contact dermatitis. Conclusion: This article aims to address the manifestations of the most common cutaneous diseases in athletes on the first primary care visit. It discusses the appropriate tests and most recent evidence-based treatments for each ailment. It also addresses return-to-play recommendations related to the guidelines and regulations of selected sports organizations in the United States. Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT): C.
Injury History and Perceived Knee Function as Risk Factors for Knee Injury in Youth Team-Sports Athletes
Authors: Hietamo Jussi , Rantala Anni , Parkkari Jari , Leppänen Mari , Rossi Marko , Heinonen Ari , Steffen Kathrin , Kannus Pekka , Mattila Ville , Pasanen Kati 
Published: January 2022

Background: The identification of risk factors for sports injuries is essential before injury prevention strategies can be planned. Hypothesis: Previous acute knee injury and lower perceived knee function measured by Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) will increase the risk of acute knee injury in youth team-sports athletes. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: At baseline, youth (≤21 years old) male and female basketball and floorball athletes completed a questionnaire on previous acute knee injuries and perceived knee function (KOOS). A total of 211 male and 183 female athletes were followed for an acute knee injury up to 3 years. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression models were used in risk factor analyses. Results: In male athletes, previous acute knee injury and lower KOOS Pain, Activities of Daily Living, Sport and Recreation, and knee-related Quality of Life subscale scores increased the risk of acute knee injury in the unadjusted analyses. Adjusted analyses for male injuries were not performed because of low number of acute knee injuries (n = 18). In female athletes, previous acute knee injury increased the risk of acute knee injury when adjusted for athletes’ age and body mass index (hazard ratio, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.3-5.2]). In female athletes, none of the KOOS subscale scores were associated with the increased risk of acute knee injury in the adjusted analyses. Conclusion: Previous acute knee injury was associated with the risk of new acute knee injury in youth male and female athletes. In youth male athletes, additionally, lower perceived knee function in 4 out of 5 KOOS subscale scores were associated with the increased risk of new acute knee injury. Clinical Relevance: The treatment and rehabilitation of the present acute knee injury and secondary prevention of reinjury should be emphasized in youth team-sports athletes.
Metatarsal Bone Marrow Edema on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Its Correlation to Bone Stress Injuries in Male Collegiate Basketball Players
Authors: Tenforde Adam S. , Outerleys Jereme , Bouxsein Mary L. , Buckless Colleen G. , Besier Thor , Davis Irene S. , Bredella Miriam A. 
Published: January 2022

Background: The presence of bone marrow edema (BME) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used to evaluate for bone stress injuries in athletes. Purpose: To examine the prevalence of MRI findings, including BME, in a single male collegiate basketball team before and after a single season and to assess its association with clinically symptomatic metatarsal bone stress injuries. Study Design: Cohort Study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 16 men on a single collegiate basketball team (mean age, 20.0 ± 1.8 years) underwent 1.5-T MRI focused on both midfeet during the preseason, and 13 underwent repeat MRI during the postseason. MRI findings included the presence of BME and the radiographic classification of the bone stress injury (grades 1-4). Injury surveillance performed by athletic trainers was used to identify metatarsal bone stress injuries over the course of the season. Results: Preseason MRI demonstrated metatarsal BME in 5 of the 16 participants, and postseason MRI demonstrated metatarsal BME in 4 of the 13 participants. All 4 of the participants with postseason BME had MRI findings of BME in the same metatarsals. Compared to those without BME, participants with metatarsal BME had a shorter history of basketball exposure (preseason: 10.4 ± 4.1 vs 14.2 ± 1.9 years, respectively [ P = .023]; postseason: 9.6 ± 4.1 vs 14.0 ± 2.1 years, respectively [ P = .024]), and those with postseason BME had started playing at an older age (9.8 ± 4.3 vs 6.2 ± 1.6 years, respectively; P = .050). The preseason MRI classification for metatarsals included grade 1 (n = 3), followed by grades 2 and 3 (n = 2 each). In the 4 participants with postseason MRI findings, the grade increased from 1 to 4 in 1 participant and was stable in the other 3. No participants were diagnosed clinically with a metatarsal bone stress injury during the season. BME of the sesamoids was identified in 6 participants, who trended toward being older (21.0 ± 2.2 vs 19.4 ± 1.3 years, respectively; P < .10), with the abnormalities persisting on postseason MRI in all players. Conclusion: Collegiate male basketball players may have a high prevalence of BME, often without associated symptoms. The absence of foot pain or a corresponding diagnosis of a metatarsal bone stress injury in this study suggests that MRI findings of BME in asymptomatic athletes should be interpreted with caution.
Meta-regression Analysis of Study Heterogeneity for Systemic Outcomes after Periodontal Therapy
Authors: Oates T.W. , Guy V. , Ni K. , Ji C. , Saito H. , Shiau H. , Shah R. , Williams M.A. , Blasi G. , Goloubeva O. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The contribution of periodontal disease to adverse systemic consequences remains controversial. This analysis examined 2 well-investigated conditions independently and combined—adverse pregnancy outcomes and glycemic control for patients with diabetes—based on shared pathogenic mechanisms of periodontal infection and inflammation. It was proposed that inconsistencies in study design significantly contribute to outcome discrepancies found between periodontal intervention studies undergoing meta-analysis. Methods: Meta-analyses evaluating periodontal interventions on the rate of preterm birth and changes in glycated hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes populations were conducted based on a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Meta-regression covariates for exploring heterogeneity included sample size, level of medical management, and bias risk as moderator variables in a random-effects meta-regression. Results: Systematic review identified 17 studies of diabetes and 13 of pregnancy outcomes. Analyses of these studies identified 0.50% reduction in HbA1c and 0.78 odds ratio for preterm births. The heterogeneity associated with the models was high (I2 = 92.4 and I2 = 62.7%, respectively). The adjusted models evaluating each systemic condition separately accounted for 52.2% of the effect for diabetes and 81.4% for pregnancy outcome effects independently, and 63.5% collectively, across interventional studies. Conclusion: This systematic review with meta-regression analysis of heterogeneity demonstrates that disparate results seen in randomized controlled trials of periodontal therapy affecting systemic outcomes may be explained in large part by study design, specifically stringency in consideration of medical management and sample size. The potential for confounding factors to influence outcomes remains a concern in understanding the implications of oral health on systemic conditions. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The findings of this study demonstrate that much of the benefits seen from periodontal therapy on adverse systemic outcomes for diabetes and pregnancy are due to limitations in study design.
scAnnotatR: framework to accurately classify cell types in single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Nguyen Vy , Griss Johannes 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundAutomatic cell type identification is essential to alleviate a key bottleneck in scRNA-seq data analysis. While most existing classification tools show good sensitivity and specificity, they often fail to adequately not-classify cells that are missing in the used reference. Additionally, many tools do not scale to the continuously increasing size of current scRNA-seq datasets. Therefore, additional tools are needed to solve these challenges.ResultsscAnnotatR is a novel R package that provides a complete framework to classify cells in scRNA-seq datasets using pre-trained classifiers. It supports both Seurat and Bioconductor’s SingleCellExperiment and is thereby compatible with the vast majority of R-based analysis workflows. scAnnotatR uses hierarchically organised SVMs to distinguish a specific cell type versus all others. It shows comparable or even superior accuracy, sensitivity and specificity compared to existing tools while being able to not-classify unknown cell types. Moreover, scAnnotatR is the only of the best performing tools able to process datasets containing more than 600,000 cells.ConclusionsscAnnotatR is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/grisslab/scAnnotatR) and through Bioconductor (from version 3.14). It is consistently among the best performing tools in terms of classification accuracy while scaling to the largest datasets.
An integrative analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptome showed the dysfunction of MAPK pathway was involved in the damage of human chondrocyte induced by T-2 toxin
Authors: Yang Xuena , Xiao Xue , Zhang Lu , Wang Bo , Li Ping , Cheng Bolun , Liang Chujun , Ma Mei , Guo Xiong , Zhang Feng , Wen Yan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
T-2 toxin is thought to induce the growth plate and articular cartilage damage of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD), an endemic osteochondropathy in China. This study aims to explore the potential underlying mechanism of such toxic effects by integrating DNA methylation and gene expression profiles.

Methods
In this study, C28/I2 chondrocytes were treated with T-2 toxin (5 ng/mL) for 24 h and 72 h. Global DNA methylation level of chondrocyte was tested by Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay. Genome-wide DNA methylation and expression profiles were detected using Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation850 BeadChip and RNA-seq technique, respectively. Differentially methylated genes (DMGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified mainly for two stages including 24 h group versus Control group and 72 h group versus 24 h group. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed by Metascape. DMGs and DEGs were further validated by Sequenom MassARRAY system and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
The global DNA methylation levels of chondrocytes exposed to T-2 toxin were significantly increased (P < 0.05). For 24 h group versus Control group (24 VS C), 189 DEGs and 590 DMGs were identified, and 4 of them were overlapping. For 72 h group versus 24 h group (72 VS 24), 1671 DEGs and 637 DMGs were identified, and 45 of them were overlapping. The enrichment analysis results of DMGs and DEGs both showed that MAPK was the one of the mainly involved signaling pathways in the regulation of chondrocytes after T-2 toxin exposure (DEGs: P24VSc = 1.62 × 10− 7; P72VS24 = 1.20 × 10− 7; DMGs: P24VSc = 0.0056; P72VS24 = 3.80 × 10− 5).

Conclusions
The findings depicted a landscape of genomic methylation and transcriptome changes of chondrocytes after T-2 toxin exposure and suggested that dysfunction of MAPK pathway may play important roles in the chondrocytes damage induced by T-2 toxin, which could provide new clues for understanding the potential biological mechanism of KBD cartilage damage induced by T-2 toxin.