bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
safe threshold rate of indocyanine green retention at 15 minutes after extreme hepatectomy in patients who have remnant liver volume &lt; 40% of the standard volume as well as chronic liver disease, hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis
Authors: gao junping , lu zhan , liang wanqiang , zhang jie , qin shangdong , zhao jingfei , huang juntao , gong wenfeng , xiang bangde 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Indocyanine green (ICG) kinetics are used to assess hepatic function in the perioperative period of major liver resection and liver transplantation. Here, we aimed to determine the threshold rate of ICG retention at 15 min (ICG-R15) associated with clinically relevant post-hepatectomy liver failure (CRPHLF) among patients with underlying chronic liver disease, hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis whose remnant liver volume was < 40% of the standard liver volume.
Methods
Data from 70 Chinese patients with a ratio of remnant to standard liver volume < 40% who underwent extreme hepatectomy at our medical center were analyzed prospectively. We investigated potential differences in several clinical and demographic factors between those who experienced CRPHLF and those who did not.
Results
Logistic regression showed that ICG-R15 was an independent predictor of the risk of CRPHLF. The ICG-R15 threshold for predicting CRPHLF risk was 5.25% across all patients, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.740, sensitivity of 68.4%, and specificity 78.4%. The ICG-R15 threshold was 4.95% for patients with hepatic fibrosis (AUC 0.770, sensitivity 78.0%, specificity 74.0%), and 4.55% for patients with cirrhosis (AUC 0.768, sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 64.7%).
Conclusions
The risk of CRPHLF after extreme hepatectomy may be lower in Chinese patients when the ICG-R15 is below 5.25% in the presence of chronic liver disease, 4.95% in the presence of hepatic fibrosis, or 4.55% in the presence of cirrhosis. Our results suggest that ICG-R15 can be used to identify patients who may safely undergo extreme hepatectomy despite a low ratio of remnant to standard liver and different stages of hepatic fibrosis.
Efficacy of geriatric multidisciplinary oncology clinic in surgical treatment decision-making process for frail elderly patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Yang In Jun , Oh Heung-Kwon , Lee Jeehye , Suh Jung Wook , Ahn Hong-min , Shin Hye Rim , Kim Jin Won , Kim Jee Hyun , Song Changhoon , Choi Jung-Yeon , Kim Duck-Woo , Kang Sung-Bum 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Multidisciplinary care has become a cornerstone of colorectal cancer management. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a geriatric multidisciplinary oncology clinic (GMOC), we analyzed the surgical treatment decision-making process and outcomes.Methods: Data of patients aged ≥65 years who participated in the GMOC at a tertiary referral hospital between 2015 and 2021 were reviewed. The clinical adherence rate, comprehensive geriatric assessment and a multidimensional frailty score (MFS) were obtained. The groups that were recommended and not recommended for surgery were compared, analyzing the factors impacting the decision and 1-year survival outcomes. Furthermore, the postoperative complications and 1-year survival outcomes of patients who underwent surgery were evaluated.Results: A total of 165 patients visited the GMOC, and 74 had colorectal cancer (85.5 [81.2 – 89.0] years). Among patients with systemic disease (n=31), seven were recommended for surgery, and five actually underwent surgery. Among patients with locoregional disease (n=43), 18 were recommended for surgery, and 12 underwent surgery. Patients recommended and not recommended for surgery had significantly different activities of daily living (ADL) (p=0.024), instrumental ADL (p=0.001), Mini-Mental State Examination (p=0.014), delirium risk (p=0.039), and MFS (p=0.001). There was no difference in the 1-year overall survival between the two groups (p=0.980). Of the 17 patients who actually underwent surgery, the median operation time was 165.0 (120.0-270.0) min; hospital stay, 7.0 (6.0-8.0) days; and three patients had wound complications. Conclusion: Proper counseling of patients through the GMOC could lead to appropriate management and favorable outcomes.
Inferring bird’s trajectory from multi-sensor geolocators and remote sensing with a graphical model
Authors: Nussbaumer Raphaël , Gravey Mathieu , Briedis Martins , Liechti Felix 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In addition to light, the use of pressure and activity data recorded by multi-sensor geolocators has recently been shown to improve the estimation of a bird’s position. At the same time, modelling a bird’s trajectory with an MCMC sampler becomes more challenging when integrating this new information.
Method
In this work, we propose to model the trajectory of a bird with a graphical model, allowing to compute and efficiently store the probability distribution of the entire trajectory. We demonstrate how the graph representation can be used to compute the following products: (1) the most likely path, (2) the probability map for each stationary period, and (3) simulated paths. This method is applied to 16 tracks from 9 different species.
Results
The graph approach is mathematically exact (i.e., not iterative/approximation used) and relatively fast to compute. The trajectories produced combine information of light, pressure, accelerometer, and wind data, resulting in the highest spatial precision ever achieved for geolocator data. The increase of precision enables the reconstruction of the full journey of a bird, including all stopover (even only hours long). In addition, this approach also allows to retrieve airspeed and windspeed for each flight allowing further analysis on migration energetics and wind use.
Conclusions
The method presented here, allows for a reconstruction of full migratory pathways from geolocators at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Combing behavioural activity during stopovers with information on relative energy expenditure during flight bouts can reveal further aspects of stopover habitat quality, as well as potential carry-over effects, and by including breeding success, even fitness consequences.
High-pressure electrical conductivity and elasticity of iron-bearing δ-AlOOH
Authors: Su Xiaowan , Liu Jin , Zhuang Yukai , Lv Chaojia , Pang Xuyong , Liu Fuyang , Yu Xiaohui , Sun Qiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The electrical conductivity and elasticity of deep hydrous phases are essential to constraining water distribution, as well as deciphering the origins of conductivity anomalies in the lower mantle. To uncover the impact of iron-bearing δ-AlOOH on the geophysical properties of the lower mantle, we carried out synchrotron X-ray diffraction and electrical conductivity measurements on δ-(Al0.52Fe0.48)OOH and (Al0.95Fe0.05)OOH in diamond-anvil cells at pressures up to 75 GPa at room temperature. A sharp volume reduction of ~6.5% was observed in δ-(Al0.52Fe0.48)OOH across the spin transition at 40.8–43.3 GPa, where its electrical conductivity increases steadily without abrupt changes. The electrical conductivity of δ-(Al0.52Fe0.48)OOH is greater than that of pure δ-AlOOH at high pressure, suggesting that both small polaron and proton conduction mechanisms dominate in iron-bearing δ-AlOOH. Furthermore, the high-pressure electrical conductivity profiles are comparable between δ-(Al0.95Fe0.05)OOH and δ-(Al0.52Fe0.48)OOH, indicating that high-iron content only marginally influences the conductivity of iron-bearing δ-AlOOH. Notably, the electrical conductivity of iron-bearing δ-AlOOH along the North Philippine geotherm is greater than the average 1D electrical conductivity profile in the mantle (Ohta et al. 2010a). This result suggests that δ-(Al,Fe)OOH is a promising candidate to account for high conductivity in some subducting slabs.
Diary of a Colonial Diarrhea: Trying to justify the unjustifiable
Authors: Batista Rodrigo 
Published: May 2022

This is a text by the Brazilian theatre maker and educator, Rodrigo Batista. For Batista: this is an essay “resulting from a process of artistic reflection condemned by the neoliberal ties of individualism and the boycott of collective and decentralized thoughts. It is a diary of colonial diarrhea, generated by centuries-old bad meals, seasoned with Patriarchy, White Supremacy, and the maintenance of hegemonies that continue to explode entire digestive systems, killing cultures and exposing rotten intestines on hygenic screens for consumption 24/7”.
Os Pássaros
Authors: Bianchi Carolina 
Published: May 2022

This is a text by the Brazilian theatre director, dramaturg and performer, Carolina Bianchi. As Bianchi writes, this text is: “a small reflection on working practices; and to talk about practices it is inevitable that we take into consideration the collectivisation of passions. And if I talk about passions, I talk about my anger. If, for a very long time, the word behind a lot of things in my work was eroticism or libido, I would say that now it is anger. I write with a lot of anger, punishing the keys of my borrowed computer, as if my fingers were iron hammers. In the eye of the pandemic in 2020, since I joined the University of Amsterdam to start a Master's degree, what does it mean to be at a physical distance from those I’ve been working with every day for the last years?”
Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Nutra-pharmaceutical Potentials of
Indian Arrowroot (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb)
Authors: Talukdar Anupam Das , Patra Jayanta Kumar , Kityania Sibashish , Nath Rajat , Nath Deepa , Choudhury Manabendra Dutta , Nizamee Abu Md Hassan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Indian Arrowroot (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family is widely distributed in India and some parts of Nepal, Thailand, Bangladesh, Pakistan. It is traditionally used as medicine for treating various diseases and also used as food. Few data are available about its application in pharmacology and therapeutics. Literature search for related contents, keywords such as “Curcuma angustifolia Roxb”, “traditional food”, “ethnomedicine”, “pharmacology”, “phytochemicals”, “pharmacological activities” were used in search engines including pubmed, google scholar, scopus, sciencedirect, and semantic scholar. Secondary metabolites found in Indian Arrowroot include essential oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phytosterols, terpenes, phenols, and others. Pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, anti-ulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, and anti-cancerous activities have been shown by Indian Arrowroot (Curcuma angustifolia Roxb). The presence of nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential gained demand in the various food production industries and pharmacology research. It may play a vital role for future studies of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb as ethnomedicine and further exploitation in pharmacological studies.
Animal Models to Investigate the Impact of Flavors on Nicotine Addiction and Dependence
Authors: Bagdas Deniz , Kebede Nardos , Zepei Andy Ma , Harris Lilley , Minanov Karina , Picciotto Marina R. , Addy Nii A. 
Published: May 2022

Background:Tobacco use in humans is a long-standing public health concern. Flavors are common additives in tobacco and alternative tobacco products, added to mask nicotine’s harsh orosensory effects and increase the appeal of these products. Animal models are integral for investigating nicotine use and addiction and are helpful for understanding the effects of flavor additives on the use of nicotine delivery products.Objective:This review focuses on preclinical models to evaluate the contribution of flavor additives to nicotine addiction.Materials and Methods:An electronic literature search was conducted by authors up to May 2022. Original articles were selected.Results:The behavioral models of rodents described here capture multiple dimensions of human flavored nicotine use behaviors, including advantages and disadvantages.Conclusion:The consensus of the literature search was that human research on nicotine use behavior has not caught up with fast-changing product innovations, marketing practices, and federal regulations. Animal models are therefore needed to investigate mechanisms underlying nicotine use and addiction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of animal models that can be used to investigate the effects of flavors on nicotine use behaviors.
Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Inducing
Weight Loss in Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia: A Randomized,
Double-Blind Controlled 4-Week Study
Authors: Su Xiuru , Wang Xuan , Pan Xiuling , Zhang Xuan , Lu Xinyan , Zhao Long , Chen Yingnan , Shang Yujie , Zhu Lin , Lu Shulan , Zhu Xiaolin , Wu Fengchun , Xiu Meihong 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
There is emerging evidence that high-frequency (HF) repetitive transcranial
magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may promote weight loss in individuals with obesity in the general
population. However, no study has been conducted on patients with schizophrenia (SZ). This study
evaluated the efficacy of 10Hz rTMS in reducing body weight in patients with chronic SZ.

Methods:
Forty-seven SZ patients were randomly assigned to two groups: 10Hz rTMS or sham
stimulation over DLPFC (applied once daily) for 20 consecutive treatments. Body weight was assessed
at baseline, at the end of week 1, week 2, week 3 and week 4. Clinical symptoms were evaluated
with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and at the end of week 4.

Results:
We found that compared with patients in the sham group, 10Hz rTMS treatment significantly
reduced body weight in patients with chronic SZ after a period of 4 weeks of stimulation. Interestingly,
further analysis found that from the first week (5 sessions) of treatment, there was a significant
difference in body weight between active and sham groups after controlling for baseline
weight. However, active rTMS treatment did not improve the psychotic symptoms compared to
sham stimulation.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that add-on HF rTMS could be an effective therapeutic strategy for
body weight control in patients with chronic SZ.
Malthusian Trajectory for Heart Failure and Novel Translational
Ambulatory Technologies
Authors: Iyngkaran Pupalan , Niranjan Bidargaddi , de Courten Maximilian P. , Battersby Malcolm 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
It has been estimated that congestive heart failure (CHF) will reach epidemic
proportions and contribute to large unsustainable impacts on health budgets for any cardiovascular
condition. Against other major trends in cardiovascular outcomes, readmission and disease
burden continue to rise as the demographics shift.

Methods:
The rise in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) among elderly women
will present new challenges. Gold standard care delivers sustainable and cost-effective health improvements
using organised care programs. When coordinated with large hospitals, this can be replicated
universally.

Result:
A gradient of outcomes and ambulatory care needs to be shifted from established institutions
and shared with clients and community health services, being a sizeable proportion of CHF care.

Conclusion:
In this review, we explore health technologies as an emerging opportunity to address
gaps in CHF management.
Integrated Multi-Omics Data Analysis Identifies a Novel Genetics-Risk
Gene of IRF4 Associated with Prognosis of Oral Cavity Cancer
Authors: Lv Yan , Xu Xuejun , Wang Zhiwei , Huang Yukuan , Ma Yunlong , Wu Mengjie 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Oral cavity cancer (OCC) is one of the most common carcinoma diseases. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reported numerous genetic variants associated with OCC susceptibility. However, the regulatory mechanisms of these genetic variants underlying OCC remain largely unclear.

Objective:
This study aimed to identify OCC-related genetics risk genes contributing to the prognosis of OCC.

Methods:
By combining GWAS summary statistics (N = 4,151) with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) across 49 different tissues from the GTEx database, we performed an integrative genomics analysis to uncover novel risk genes associated with OCC. By leveraging various computational methods based on multi-omics data, we prioritized some of these risk genes as promising candidate genes for drug repurposing in OCC.

Results:
Using two independent computational algorithms, we found that 14 risk genes whose genetics-modulated expressions showed a notable association with OCC. Among them, nine genes were newly identified, such as IRF4 (P = 2.5×10-9 and P = 1.06×10-4), TNS3 (P = 1.44×10-6 and P = 4.45×10-3), ZFP90 (P = 2.37×10-6 and P = 2.93×10-4), and DRD2 (P = 2.0×10-5 and P = 6.12×10-3), by using MAGMA and S-MultiXcan methods. These 14 genes were significantly overrepresented in several cancer-related terms (FDR < 0.05), and 10 of 14 genes were enriched in 10 potential druggable gene categories. Based on differential gene expression analysis, the majority of these genes (71.43%) showed remarkable differential expressions between OCC patients and paracancerous controls. Integration of multi-omics-based evidence from genetics, eQTL, and gene expression, we identified that the novel risk gene of IRF4 exhibited the highest ranked risk score for OCC (score = 4). Survival analysis showed that dysregulation of IRF4 expression was significantly associated with cancer patients outcomes (P = 8.1×10-5).

Conclusions:
Based on multiple omics data, we constructed a computational framework to pinpoint risk genes for OCC, and we prioritized 14 risk genes associated with OCC. There were nine novel risk genes, including IRF4 gene, which is significantly associated with the prognosis of OCC. These identified genes provide a drug repurposing resource to develop therapeutic drugs for treating patients, thereby contributing to the personalized prognostic management of OCC patients.
Medical Students’ Knowledge and Attitude Towards Artificial Intelligence: An Online Survey
Authors: Al Saad Mouna M. , Shehadeh Amin , Alanazi Salem , Alenezi Monerah , Abu alez Ahmad , Eid Hana , Alfaouri Mohammed Saif , Aldawsari Sultan , Alenezi Rawan 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Within the near future, doctors can be anticipated to encounter patients in very distinctive wellbeing care settings compared with the present time. As a result, artificial intelligence will be an essential tool.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the attitudes of Jordanian medical students regarding Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). Moreover, to estimate the level of knowledge and understanding of the effects of AI on medical students.

Methods:
Nine hundred medical students from six universities in Jordan participated in this survey. The participants were asked to fill out an electronic pre-validated questionnaire using Google’s forms and those forms were published via social media. The questionnaire included questions of Likert and dichotomous questions.

Results:
89% of the students believed in the importance of AI in the medical field, and 71.4% believed in the beneficiary of teaching AI in the medical career. 47% of the students had an understanding of the basic principles of AI, 68.4% of the students believed that it is mandatory for medical students to receive knowledge of AI. Statistically, students who received teaching/training in AI were more likely to consider radiology as a career given the advancement in AI (p = 0.000).

Conclusion:
Medical students in Jordanian universities appreciate the importance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in medical advancements. Adding courses and training related to artificial intelligence and machine learning to the study plan should be considered.
A Solvent-free/Effective Base Unsaturated Esters Synthesis using Novel
Amine Functionalized Ionic Liquid
Authors: Velumani Bharathi Priya , Uthayanila Selvarasu , Ganesh Gopalsamy Selvaraj , Karthikeyan Parasuraman 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
1-(2-aminoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide [Aemim]Br ionic liquid acted as a catalyst
as well as a solvent in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The extent of products formed
with high yield and more flattering for the synthesis of aliphatic and aromatic esters. The [Aemim]
Br can be recycled for 6 runs without great loss of activity.

Background:
The Knoevenagel condensation was one of the fundamental reactions in organic
chemistry both at the laboratory and industrial levels.

Objective:
An effective method for the condensation of a variety of aliphatic and aromatic carbonyl
compounds with ethyl acetoacetate and subsequent hydrolysis to corresponding α, β -
unsaturated esters in [Aemim]Br was achieved.

Method:
The weighed quantity of [Aemim]Br, an aldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate were carried
out at 25OC. The reaction commenced instantaneously making the reaction mixture highly viscous.
The product was extracted with ether. The combined organic extracts were dried using anhydrous
sodium sulphate, evaporated under reduced pressure and assayed on GC.

Results:
We could achieve to get Knoevenagel condensation with good yield.

Conclusion:
An effectual procedure for Knoevenagel condensation of a variety of aliphatic and aromatic
aldehydes with active ethyl acetoacetate arises smoothly in the presence of [Aemim]Br without
any additional solvents. This is the best method that proved an effective green industrial process.
Biological Importance and Pharmacological Activities of Meranzin and
Meranzin Hydrate Against Human Disorders
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Herbal plant-based products and their derived phytochemicals have been
used in the complementary and alternative systems of medicine for the treatment of human
disorders. Vegetables, fruits, seeds, nuts, coffee, tea, and wine contain significant amounts of
coumarin class phytochemicals. Coumarin is found to be present in cassia leaf oil, cinnamon bark
oil, lavender oil, and microorganism-derived drugs.

Methods:
Scientific databases, such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed, have
been searched to collect the scientific information regarding meranzin and meranzin hydrate in the
present work in order to know their medicinal importance and pharmacological activities in the
medicine. Pharmacological activity data of meranzin and meranzin hydrates has been thoroughly
studied from scientific databases and analyzed in the present work to evaluate their biological
potential against human disorders. Analytical data on meranzin and meranzin hydrates have been
also collected and analyzed in the present work to know the importance of analytical techniques for
the standardization of plant material.

Results:
Scientific data analysis revealed the biological potential of meranzin and meranzin
hydrates against human health complications. Meranzin was found to be present in the Fructus
aurantii, Triphasia trifolia, Cnidium monnieri, and Murraya exotica. Scientific data analysis
revealed the biological potential of meranzin and meranzin hydrates in the medicine due to their
anti-depressant, anti-fibrotic, anti-proliferative, anti-atherosclerosis, and anti-bacterial activities.
Further scientific data analysis revealed the biological effectiveness of meranzin and meranzin
hydrates on neuroinflammation, intestinal motility, and various forms of enzymes. Furthermore,
pharmacokinetic parameters for meranzin and meranzin hydrates were also investigated in the
present work. Chromatography techniques used for the analysis were also summarized and
discussed to examine the importance of isolation, separation, and quantification of meranzin and
meranzin hydrates.

Conclusion:
Present study will facilitate scientists in the development of effective medicine from
meranzin and meranzin hydrates against the various human health complications.