bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of hospital discharge price increases on publicly reported measures of quality
Authors: Crespin Daniel J. , Whaley Christopher 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if increases in hospital discharge prices are associated with improvements in clinical quality or patient experience.Data SourcesThis study used Medicare cost report data and publicly available Medicare.gov Care Compare quality measures for approximately 3000 short‐term care general hospitals between 2011 and 2018.Study DesignWe separately regressed quality measure scores on a lag of case mix adjusted discharge price, hospital fixed effects, and year indicators. Clinical quality measures included 30‐day readmission rates for acute myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, hip and knee replacement, and pneumonia; risk‐adjusted 30‐day mortality rates for acute myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart failure, and stroke; and 90‐day complication rate for hip and knee replacement. Patient experience measures included the summary star rating and 10 domain measures reported through the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey. We tested for heterogeneous effects by hospital ownership, number of beds, the commercial share of overall discharges, and market concentration.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe linked hospitals identified in Medicare cost reports to Medicare.gov Care Compare quality measures. We excluded hospitals for which we could not identify a discharge price or that had an unrealistic price.Principal FindingsThere was no positive association between lagged discharge price and any clinical quality measure. For patient experience measures, a 2% increase in discharge price was not associated with overall patient satisfaction but was associated with small, statistically significant increases ranging from 0.01% to 0.02% (relative to mean scores) for seven of ten domain measures. There was a positive association for five of ten patient experience measures in competitive markets and one measure in both moderately concentrated and heavily concentrated markets.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that hospitals use higher prices to make investments in clinical quality; patient experience improved, but only negligibly.
Advances in chilling injury of postharvest fruit and vegetable: Extracellular ATP aspects
Authors: Shan Youxia , Zhang Dandan , Luo Zisheng , Li Taotao , Qu Hongxia , Duan Xuewu , Jiang Yueming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to the global use of cold chain, the development of postharvest technology to reduce chilling injury (CI) in postharvest fruits and vegetables during storage and transport is needed urgently. Considerable evidence shows that maintaining intracellular adenosine triphosphate (iATP) in harvested fruits and vegetables is beneficial to inhibiting CI occurrence. Extracellular ATP (eATP) is a damage‐associated signal molecule and plays an important role in CI of postharvest fruits and vegetables through its receptor and subsequent signal transduction under low‐temperature stress. The development of new aptasensors for the simultaneous determination of eATP level allows for better understanding of the roles of eATP in a myriad of responses mediated by low‐temperature stress in relation to the chilling tolerance of postharvest fruits and vegetables. The multiple biological functions of eATP and its receptors in postharvest fruits and vegetables were attributed to interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) in coordination with phytohormones and other signaling molecules via downstream physiological activities. The complicated interconnection among eATP in relation to its receptors, eATP/iATP homeostasis, ROS, NO, and heat shock proteins triggered by eATP recognition has been emphasized. This paper reviews recent advances in the beneficial effects of energy handling, outlines the production and homeostasis of eATP, discusses the possible mechanism of eATP and its receptors in chilling tolerance, and provides future research directions for CI in postharvest fruits and vegetables during low‐temperature storage.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in extra virgin olive oil authentication
Authors: Maestrello Valentina , Solovyev Pavel , Bontempo Luana , Mannina Luisa , Camin Federica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is a high‐quality product that has become one of the stars in the food fraud context in recent years. EVOO can encounter different types of fraud, from adulteration with cheaper oils to mislabeling, and for this reason, the assessment of its authenticity and traceability can be challenging. There are several officially recognized analytical methods for its authentication, but they are not able to unambiguously trace the geographical and botanical origin of EVOOs. The application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to EVOO is reviewed here as a reliable and rapid tool to verify different aspects of its adulteration, such as undeclared blends with cheaper oils and cultivar and geographical origin mislabeling. This technique makes it possible to use both targeted and untargeted approaches and to determine the olive oil metabolomic profile and the quantification of its constituents.
If caring begins at home, who cares for the carers? Introducing the Global Care Policy Index
Authors: Paul Anju Mary , Haolie Jiang , Chen Cynthia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite attempts to bring the plight of domestic care providers to the attention of policymakers, there continues to be inadequate regulatory protections for unpaid family caregivers and paid domestic workers. This article introduces the Global Care Policy Index (GCPI), an original scoring system for care‐policy comparisons. The GCPI aims to achieve two objectives: first, to systematically assess how states' domestic‐care provider protections match up to International Labour Organization policy benchmarks, and second, to incentivise states to improve their policy protections for care providers in the domestic sphere by harnessing their competitive instincts to improve their GCPI score. This article outlines the design and methodology behind the index's construction and reports the findings from the pilot phase of the project where 29 countries' care‐provider policy protections were scored. The pilot highlighted key gaps in policy protections for both unpaid family caregivers and paid domestic workers and outlined areas where carework scholars and activists can focus their efforts. In this manner, the GCPI offers a quantitative assessment of a country's care‐provider protections, allowing for fast and direct care‐policy comparisons between countries in the same region or with the same developmental status.
Croatia: Political Developments and Data in 2021
Authors: NIKIĆ ČAKAR DARIO , RAOS VIŠESLAV 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCroatian politics experienced relative calm in 2021. The minority Plenković II Cabinet saw no changes and survived motions against two of its ministers. Parliament experienced some turmoil, as intra‐party conflict among the Social Democrats resulted in a split of its parliamentary group and a sharp increase in the overall number of independent MPs. In May and June, elections at the county and local levels were held, with the biggest changes occurring in the two largest cities, Zagreb and Split. The mayoral office and the city council of Zagreb were won by Možemo!, a green‐left party, while Split received a mayor from the ranks of a centrist‐liberal party Pametno.
Sustained remission from perinatal depression after bright light therapy: A pilot randomised, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Garbazza Corrado , Cirignotta Fabio , D'Agostino Armando , Cicolin Alessandro , Hackethal Sandra , Wirz‐Justice Anna , Cajochen Christian , Manconi Mauro ,   the “Life‐ON” study group
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivePerinatal depression (PND) is a severe complication of pregnancy, affecting both mothers and newborns. Bright light therapy (BLT) has only been tested in a few studies for treating either antenatal or postnatal depression. We conducted a pilot trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of BLT for PND occurring at any time across the perinatal period.MethodsA single‐blind RCT was carried out in women with an EPDS >12 from the 2nd gestational trimester until 9 months postpartum. Participants received either 30‐minutes morning BLT (10′000 lux) or dim red light (DRL, 19 lux) for 6 weeks.ResultsTwenty‐two women were randomised to BLT (n = 11) or DRL (n = 11). Among those receiving BLT, 73% achieved remission (improvement ≥50%, EPDS score ≤ 12), in contrast to 27% in the DRL group (p = 0.04). A significant influence of time on EPDS score and group‐time interaction emerged, with a greater reduction in the BLT‐group across the follow‐up period. No women in either group reported major side effects.ConclusionMorning BLT induced a significant remission from PND as compared to DRL and this effect was maintained across the perinatal period. BLT showed an excellent safety profile and was well‐tolerated, thus representing a valid therapeutic strategy in this vulnerable perinatal population.
Prevalence of pulp canal obliteration and periapical pathology in human anterior teeth: A three‐dimensional analysis based on CBCT scans
Authors: Vera Jorge , Thepris‐Charaf Jaime , Hernández‐Ramírez Alejandra , García Julián González , Romero Mónica , Vazquez‐Carcaño Marino , Arias Ana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of pulp canal obliteration (PCO) and its association with periapical pathology (Hypodense areas) in cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of anterior teeth. A total of 2161 CBCT scans from patients 18 years or older taken between 2000 and 2020 were selected. Patient‐, tooth‐ and scan‐related data were registered. Two calibrated evaluators recorded the number of teeth with PCO ≥4 mm in the cervical third of the roots and the presence or absence of periapical hypodensities (PH). The length of the root canal that was calcified was also determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether any of the recorded factors influenced the presence of PCO and the presence of periapical pathology in teeth presenting with PCO. The only factor significantly related to the presence of PCO was patient age. The prevalence of PH in teeth exhibiting PCO was 10%.
Youth, politics, and youth‐led political violence in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Ramesh , Subedi Dambaru 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines how participation and mobilization of youth in politics has led to an unintended consequence: youth‐led violence. We define youth‐led violence as a particular form of political violence that emerged from an interplay between political power, domination, and rent‐seeking behavior. To elaborate on youth‐led violence between 1990 and 2018 in Nepal, we identified and analyzed push and pull factors that explain the dynamics and dimensions of why youth participate in politics and how it creates a condition where political violence is accepted and normalized.
Use of medication data alone to identify diagnoses and related contraindications: Application of algorithms to close a common documentation gap
Authors: Andrikyan Wahram , Then Melanie I. , Gaßmann Karl‐Günter , Tümena Thomas , Dürr Pauline , Fromm Martin F. , Maas Renke 
Published: July 2022

AimsAutomated checks for medication‐related problems have become a cornerstone of medication safety. In many clinical settings medication checks remain confined to drug–drug interactions because only medication data are available in an adequately coded form, leaving possible contraindicated drug–disease combinations unaccounted for. Therefore, we devised algorithms that identify frequently contraindicated diagnoses based on medication patterns related to these diagnoses.MethodsWe identified drugs that are associated with diseases constituting common contraindications based on their exclusive use for these conditions (such as allopurinol for gout or salbutamol for bronchial obstruction). Expert‐based and machine learning algorithms were developed to identify diagnoses based on highly specific medication patterns. The applicability, sensitivity and specificity of the approach were assessed by using an anonymized real‐life sample of medication and diagnosis data excerpts from 3506 discharge records of geriatric patients.ResultsDepending on the algorithm, the desired focus (i.e., sensitivity vs. specificity) and the disease, we were able to identify the diagnoses gout, epilepsy, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure and bronchial obstruction with a specificity of 44.0–99.8% (95% CI 41.7–100.0%) and a sensitivity of 3.8–83.1% (95% CI 1.0–86.1%). Using only medication data, we were able to identify 123 (51.3%) of 240 contraindications identified by experts with access to medication data and diagnoses.ConclusionThis study provides a proof of principle that some key diagnosis‐related contraindications can be identified based on a patient's medication data alone, while others cannot be identified. This approach offers new opportunities to analyse drug–disease contraindications in community pharmacy or clinical routine data.
Treatment experiences of male and female youths with eating disorders
Authors: Coelho Jennifer S. , Suen Janet , Marshall Sheila , Zaid‐Alkailani Haya , Geller Josie , Lam Pei‐Yoong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe current study was conducted to further understand the experiences of youths with an eating disorder with accessing services and receiving treatment. Participants' perceptions of the role of gender in eating disorder treatment was also assessed.DesignA prospective mixed methods design was used, with the current report focusing on qualitative interviews.MethodsYouths who were receiving services in a specialized paediatric eating disorder program completed a semi‐structured interview in combination with a visual lifeline upon their discharge. A process of interpretative induction was employed to derive high‐level concepts from the interviews.ResultsA total of 28 youths (15 males and 13 females) completed an interview. Four high‐level concepts were identified: (1) unwanted/non‐collaborative support, (2) conflicting views, (3) dynamics in relationships (with sub‐concepts relating to peers and health professionals), and (4) changing mindset. Although many participants viewed treatment as universal, a subset of participants noted that treatment was tailored towards females.ConclusionsYouths shared several challenges that they encountered in their journey to accessing specialized eating disorders treatment, including disagreement with their parents/caregivers and health professionals about treatment plans. Interactions with peers and health professionals represented both a facilitator (e.g., feeling supported and inspired by peers) and a challenge (e.g., negative interactions with professionals). Some youths shared concerns about the female‐centric nature of treatment. The results of this study highlight the importance of collaborative care for paediatric eating disorders, and consideration for gender inclusivity in eating disorders treatment.
Teaching presence predicts cyberloafing during online learning: From the perspective of the community of inquiry framework and social learning theory
Authors: Zhang Yamei , Tian Yuan , Yao Liangshuang , Duan Changying , Sun Xiaojun , Niu Gengfeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCyberloafing exists extensively in online learning and impairs learning, yet little is known about how course‐related factors affect it. The community of inquiry framework maintains that learning is affected by teaching presence, according to which, we assume that teaching presence impacts cyberloafing, which is mediated by social presence, cognitive presence, and lack of attention, and moderated by normative influence.AimsThis study examined the effect of teaching presence on cyberloafing and its underlying mechanisms – the mediating roles of social presence, cognitive presence and lack of attention, and the moderating roles of normative influence.SampleParticipants were 814 university students who were taking video‐centric asynchronous online courses.MethodsSelf‐report instruments were adopted, and data were analysed using structural equation modelling.ResultsTeaching presence was negatively associated with cyberloafing. Social presence (positively), cognitive presence (negatively), and lack of attention (negatively) mediated the relation, respectively. Social presence, cognitive presence and lack of attention were also serial mediators of the association (i.e., teaching presence → social presence → cognitive presence → cyberloafing; teaching presence → cognitive presence → lack of attention → cyberloafing; teaching presence → social presence → cognitive presence → lack of attention → cyberloafing), and these sequential mediating effects were negative. Moreover, normative influence could aggravate the negative effect of cognitive presence on lack of attention, the positive effect of social presence on cyberloafing, and the positive effect of lack of attention on cyberloafing.ConclusionsTheoretical and practical implications of the findings for learning and teaching are discussed.
Can different physical education programs produce specific developments in psychological responses and cognitive functions? An ecological intervention in school‐age children
Authors: Rodríguez‐Negro Josune , Pesola Johannes Arto , Yanci Javier 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical education (PE) class contents on 6–8 years school‐age children's perceived exertion, psychological responses and cognitive functions.Materials and MethodsThese dimensions were measured in 135 children (6.61 ± 0.58 years) before and after an 8‐week different PE intervention programs [i.e. balance intervention program (BIP), game based program (GBP) or drama learning program (DLP)].ResultsWith regard to the physical exertion, higher perceived exertion was found in BIP than in GBP and DLP (p < .01, ES = −0.5 to −1.0, small to moderate). Regarding cognitive functions, children of the GBP and the DLP significantly improved some of the cognitive functions test scores (p < .01 or 0.05, ES = 0.5 to 1.5, small to large).ConclusionThese results lead us to think that physical activity could be an effective tool for improving children's cognitive functions.
Recurrence after stopping anticoagulants in women with combined oral contraceptive‐associated venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Abdulrehman Jameel , Elbaz Carolyne , Aziz David , Parpia Sameer , Fazelzad Rouhi , Eischer Lisbeth , Rodger Marc A. , Cannegieter Suzanne C. , ten Cate‐Hoek Arina , Nagler Michael , Schulman Sam , Rezende Suely M. , Olié Valérie , Palareti Gualtiero , Marcucci Maura , Douketis James , Poli Daniela , Zabczyk Michal , de Sousa Diana Aguiar , Miranda Bruno , Cushman Mary , Tosetto Alberto , Le Gal Gregoire , Kearon Clive , Skeith Leslie 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe risk of recurrence after discontinuation of anticoagulation for a combined oral contraceptive (COC)‐associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unclear. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to estimate the incidence of recurrent VTE among women with COC‐associated VTE, unprovoked VTE and to compare the incidence of recurrent VTE between the two groups. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase Classic +Embase and Medline ALL to July 2020 and citations from included studies were searched. Randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies and meta‐analyses of these study types were selected. The analysis was conducted by random‐effects model. Nineteen studies were identified including 1537 women [5828 person‐years (PY)] with COC‐associated VTE and 1974 women (7798 PY) with unprovoked VTE. Studies were at low risk of bias. The incidence rate of VTE recurrence was 1.22/100 PY [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92–1.62, I2 = 6%] in women with COC‐associated VTE, 3.89/100 PY (95% CI 2.93–5.17, I2 = 74%) in women with unprovoked VTE and the unadjusted incidence rate ratio was 0.34 (95% CI 0.26–0.46, I2 = 3%). The recurrence risk in women after COC‐associated VTE is low and lower than after an unprovoked VTE.
Impact of worsening surgically induced chronic kidney disease (CKD‐S) in preoperative CKD‐naïve patients on survival in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Nguyen Mimi V. , Walia Arman , Saidian Ava , Puri Dhruv , Meagher Margaret F. , Hakimi Kevin , Tanaka Hajime , Patil Dattatraya , Yasuda Yosuke , Saito Kazutaka , Dhanji Sohail , Cerrato Clara , Narasimhan Rekha , Perry John , Master Viraj , Fujii Yasuhisa , Derweesh Ithaar H. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate effects of worsening surgically induced chronic kidney disease (CKD‐S) on oncological and non‐oncological survival outcomes in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Patients and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent partial (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) and were free of preoperative CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Patients were stratified by CKD stage at last follow‐up: no CKD‐S (eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2), de novo CKD‐S 3a (eGFR 45–59 mL/min/1.73 m2), CKD‐S 3b (eGFR <45 and ≥30 mL/min/1.73 m2) and CKD‐S 4 (eGFR <30 and ≥15 mL/min/1.73 m2). The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality (ACM). Secondary outcomes included non‐cancer mortality (NCM), cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) and de novo CKD‐S Stage 3/4. Multivariable analysis (MVA) was utilised to identify risk factors for outcomes. Kaplan–Meier analysis (KMA) was utilised to evaluate overall (OS), non‐cancer (NCS), and cancer‐specific survival with respect to CKD‐S categories.ResultsWe analysed 3239 patients. The mean preoperative and last‐follow‐up eGFRs were 87.4 and 69.5 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. On last follow‐up, 57.9% (n = 1876) had no CKD‐S, 18.7% (n = 606) had CKD‐S 3a, 15.1% (n = 489) had CKD‐S 3b and 8.3% (n = 268) had CKD‐S 4. On MVA, de novo CKD‐S 3b and 4 were independently associated with ACM (hazard ratios [HRs] 1.3–2.1, P = 0.003–0.001) and NCM (HRs 1.5–2.8, P = 0.021–0.001), but not CSM (P = 0.219–0.909); de novo CKD‐S 3a was not predictive for any mortality outcomes (P = 0.102–0.81). RN was independently associated with CKD‐S 3–4 (HRs 1.78–1.99, P < 0.001–0.035). Comparing no CKD‐S, CKD‐S 3a, CKD‐S 3b and CKD‐S 4, KMA demonstrated worsening outcomes with progressive CKD‐S stage: 5‐year OS 84% vs 78% vs 71% vs 60% (P < 0.001) and 5‐year NCS 93% vs 87% vs 83% vs 72% (P < 0.001).ConclusionDevelopment of CKD‐S Stage 3b and 4, but not 3a, was associated with worsened ACM and NCM. The decision to proceed with nephron preservation via PN should be individualised based on oncological risk and risk of functional decline to CKD‐S 3b or 4, and not CKD‐S 3a.