bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “Terrific Symbol”: Physical Personalization of Pandemic Relief Enhances Presidential Support
Authors: Hale Henry E. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments worldwide—many that previously prioritized austerity—to approve large relief packages. Political economy tells us that politicians will try to profit from this electorally, but much remains unknown about precisely how pandemic relief might influence voting intentions. Then-President Donald Trump foregrounded this question early in the pandemic by becoming the first US president to physically place his name on Internal Revenue Service relief checks mailed to citizens. By leveraging a nationally representative survey whose timing achieved quasi-experimental variation in the receipt of payments both with and without Trump’s name physically on them, this study asks: Can a president successfully win support through physical personalization of the payments? Yes, the study finds. Receiving a physically personalized check in the mail is associated with a much greater self-reported likelihood of voting for the president, with gains mainly from partisan outgroups. No clear effect is found for unpersonalized electronic transfers. These findings withstand multiple robustness checks.
A Healthier Anthropology with a Richer View of the Soul: Responding to the Theological Anthropology of N.T. Wright and M.B. Thompson
Authors: Churchouse M.J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTwo influential Anglican scholars, N.T. Wright and M.B. Thompson, have concurrently sought to challenge the Church and the Academy to reconsider their long-held belief in the immaterial soul, and to encourage them to think more biblically about their theological anthropology. Identifying the reasons for, and recognizing the implications of, the challenge, this article responds by addressing the contentions of both scholars and the alternative anthropology they propose, and advances in rejoinder a healthier, dualistic, anthropology. Specifically, the article presents a richer view of the soul, one that is conceptually stronger, and more biblically rooted, than the views Wright and Thompson espouse (as indeed also the views they renounce).
Statistical Study of Foreshock Bubbles, Hot Flow Anomalies, and Spontaneous Hot Flow Anomalies and Their Substructures Observed by MMS
Authors: Vu Andrew , Liu Terry Z. , Zhang Hui , Pollock Craig 
Published: January 2022

AbstractForeshock transients such as foreshock bubbles (FBs), hot flow anomalies (HFAs), and spontaneous hot flow anomalies (SHFAs) display heated, tenuous cores and large flow deflections bounded by compressional boundaries. THEMIS and Cluster observations show that some cores contain local density enhancements which can be studied to better understand the evolution processes of foreshock transients. However, closer examinations of these substructures were not feasible until the availability of the higher resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission (MMS). We identify 164 FB‐like, HFA‐like, and SHFA events from two MMS dayside phases for a statistical study to investigate their solar wind conditions, properties, and substructure properties. Occurrence rates of the three event types are higher for lower magnetic field strengths, higher solar wind speeds and Mach numbers, and quasi‐parallel bow shocks. Events usually span up to 3 RE along the bow shock surface and extend up to 6 RE upstream from the bow shock. Though events with and without substructures exhibit similar solar wind conditions, events with substructures are more likely to have longer core durations and larger sizes. Substructure densities display a positive correlation with bulk flows and a negative correlation with temperatures. Substructure sizes vary between 4 and 24 ion inertial lengths, indicating multiple formation mechanisms. Substructures could be the boundary between two foreshock transient events that have merged into a single event, fast‐mode variations, generated by slow or mirror mode instabilities, or produced from instabilities due to parameter gradients at the compressional boundaries or shocks.
The microbiome of wild and mass-reared new world screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax
Authors: Arp Alex P. , Quintero Gladys , Sagel Agustin , Batista Rafael Gonzales , Phillips Pamela L. , Hickner Paul V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInsect population control through continual releases of large numbers of sterile insects, called sterile insect technique (SIT), is only possible if one can mass-rear large quantities of healthy insects. Adaptation of insect stocks to rearing conditions and artificial feeding systems can have a multitude of negative effects such as inbreeding depression, reduced compatibility with wild strains, unintentional selection for traits that lower fitness after release, and an altered microbiome. Changes to insect microbiomes can have many effects on insects ranging from a reduction in sex pheromones or reduced fitness. Thus understanding these systems is important for mass rearing and the performance of the sterile insect control programs. In this study we explored the microbiome of the New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) an economically important parasite of warm-blooded animals. Samples from myiases in cows and wild adults were compared to and mass-reared flies used by the SIT program. Significant differences were observed between these treatments, with wild captured flies having a significantly more diverse microbial composition. Bacteria known to stimulate oviposition were found in both wild and mass-reared flies. Two bacteria of veterinary importance were abundant in wild flies, suggesting screwworm is a potential vector of these diseases. Overall, this study provides the screwworm eradication program a platform to continue exploring the effects associated bacteria have on screwworm fitness.
Octet lattice-based plate for elastic wave control
Authors: Aguzzi Giulia , Kanellopoulos Constantinos , Wiltshaw Richard , Craster Richard V. , Chatzi Eleni N. , Colombi Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivated by the importance of lattice structures in multiple fields, we numerically investigate the propagation of flexural waves in a thin reticulated plate augmented with two classes of metastructures for wave mitigation and guiding, namely metabarriers and metalenses. The cellular architecture of this plate invokes the well-known octet topology, while the metadevices rely on novel customized octets either comprising spherical masses added to the midpoint of their struts or variable node thickness. We numerically determine the dispersion curves of a doubly-periodic array of octets, which produce a broad bandgap whose underlying physics is elucidated and leveraged as a design paradigm, allowing the construction of a metabarrier effective for inhibiting the transmission of waves. More sophisticated effects emerge upon parametric analyses of the added masses and node thickness, leading to graded designs that spatially filter waves through an enlarged bandgap via rainbow trapping. Additionally, Luneburg and Maxwell metalenses are realized using the spatial modulation of the tuning parameters and numerically tested. Wavefronts impinging on these structures are progressively curved within the inhomogeneous media and steered toward a focal point. Our results yield new perspectives for the use of octet-like lattices, paving the way for promising applications in vibration isolation and energy focusing.
Proximity of immune and tumor cells underlies response to BRAF/MEK-targeted therapies in metastatic melanoma patients
Authors: Yan Chi , Chen Sheau-Chiann , Ayers Gregory D. , Nebhan Caroline A. , Roland Joseph T. , Weiss Vivian L. , Johnson Douglas B. , Richmond Ann 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcquired resistance to BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy occurs in the majority of melanoma patients that harbor BRAF mutated tumors, leading to relapse or progression and the underlying mechanism is unclear in many cases. Using multiplex immunohistochemistry and spatial imaging analysis of paired tumor sections obtained from 11 melanoma patients prior to BRAF/MEK-targeted therapy and when the disease progressed on therapy, we observed a significant increase of tumor cellularity in the progressed tumors and the close association of SOX10+ melanoma cells with CD8+ T cells negatively correlated with patient’s progression-free survival (PFS). In the TCGA-melanoma dataset (n = 445), tumor cellularity exhibited additive prognostic value in the immune score signature to predict overall survival in patients with early-stage melanoma. Moreover, tumor cellularity prognoses OS independent of immune score in patients with late-stage melanoma.
Stretchable slide-ring supramolecular hydrogel for flexible electronic devices
Authors: Wang Shuaipeng , Chen Yong , Sun Yonghui , Qin Yuexiu , Zhang Hui , Yu Xiaoyong , Liu Yu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSlide-ring materials with movable cross-links have received attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, due to the poor solubility of polyrotaxane and low synthesis efficiency, their applications are hindered. Here, we use hydroxypropyl-modified α-cyclodextrin (Hy-α-CD) and Acrylamide-PEG20000-Acrylamide (ACA-PEG20000-ACA) to construct a polypseudorotaxane with good water solubility. Through photo-initiated polymerization of polypseudorotaxane with acrylamide in-situ, the capped polyrotaxane was easily obtained and further cross-linked by 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether in sodium hydroxide solution to form a slide-ring supramolecular hydrogel. The hydrogel can be stretched to 25.4 times its original length, which recovers rapidly on unloading, and the addition of Ca2+ ions during crosslinking enhances ionic conductivity. The Ca2+-doped hydrogels are used to prepare wearable strain sensors for monitoring human motion.
Noise Exposure, Headsets, and Auditory and Nonauditory Symptoms in Call Center Operators
Authors: Silva Bárbara Gabriela , Gonzaga Denise , Rocha Clayton Henrique , Gomes Raquel Fornaziero , Moreira Renata Rodrigues , Bistafa Sylvio R. , Samelli Alessandra Giannella 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
This study evaluates the exposure of call center operators (CCOs) to occupational noise, its association with auditory and nonauditory symptoms, and the feasibility of monaural and binaural headsets.

Method:
We measured the noise exposure sound pressure levels (SPLs) with the microphone-in-real-ear technique and administered a questionnaire on auditory/nonauditory symptoms and headset preference.

Results:
We assessed 79 CCOs with normal hearing. Overall, 98.7% of the participants reported at least one auditory symptom, and 88.6% reported at least one nonauditory symptom after using the headset. We found significant associations between the headset volume setting and the number of auditory and nonauditory symptoms and between sharp increases in sound level and tinnitus. The microphone-in-real-ear diffuse-field–related SPLs with monaural headsets (85.5 dBA) were significantly higher than those with binaural headsets (83.1 dBA). Binaural headsets were the preference of 84.8% of the subjects. The SPLs of the binaural headsets were significantly lower than those of the monaural headsets in the subjects who preferred the binaural headsets.

Conclusions:
CCOs with normal hearing reported auditory and nonauditory symptoms, highlighting the need for attention and further investigation. The binaural headsets were preferable, as they were associated with a lower SPL and a higher call quality.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.18361463
Self-Reported Perspectives on Cultural Competence Education in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Hudnall Monica 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Only 8% of American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) members identify as members of an underrepresented racial group (ASHA, 2021); hence, little is known of the lived experiences and perspectives of these members. Critical investigation of cultural competence in the clinical education and training of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can illuminate problems and solutions with existing frameworks and provide innovative pedagogical approaches to teaching and learning. The researcher's goal was to document the knowledge and lived experiences of SLPs from cross-cultural perspectives to meaningfully critique and evolve practice standards.

Method:
Using self-reported perspectives in narrative case study approach, four SLPs from cross-cultural backgrounds engaged with the researcher in dialogic interviews. The interview audio recordings were transcribed and coded for themes that reflected the lived experiences and realities of the collaborators.

Results:
The findings suggest that (a) this group of SLPs had critical and contrary perspectives on instruction and training in cultural competence, (b) their lived experiences through their interpersonal environments largely influence their clinical decision-making, and (c) they learned to navigate cross-cultural perspectives in their graduate education mostly through comparative framings (i.e., language difference vs. language disorder).

Conclusion:
The data gathered from the self-reported perspectives of SLPs in this study can serve as preliminary reference for future qualitative research on how curriculum and training frameworks may shift to support both underrepresented practitioners of color, the diverse populations SLPs serve and provide guidance for nuanced discussions of systemic factors that can impact research, teaching, and practice in the field.
Neurocoagulation from a Mechanistic Point of View in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Shavit-Stein Efrat , Berkowitz Shani , Gofrit Shany Guly , Altman Keren , Weinberg Nitai , Maggio Nicola 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoagulation mechanisms are critical for maintaining homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS). Thrombin, an important player of the coagulation cascade, activates protease activator receptors (PARs), members of the G-protein coupled receptor family. PAR1 is located on neurons and glia. Following thrombin activation, PAR1 signals through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, causing alterations in neuronal glutamate release and astrocytic morphological changes. Similarly, the anticoagulation factor activated protein C (aPC) can cleave PAR1, following interaction with the endothelial protein C receptor. Both thrombin and aPC are expressed on endothelial cells and pericytes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thrombin-induced PAR1 activation increases cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in brain vessels, resulting in nitric oxide release and increasing F-actin stress fibers, damaging BBB integrity. aPC also induces PAR1 activation and preserves BBB vascular integrity via coupling to sphingosine 1 phosphate receptors. Thrombin-induced PAR1 overactivation and BBB disruption are evident in CNS pathologies. During epileptic seizures, BBB disruption promotes thrombin penetration. Thrombin induces PAR1 activation and potentiates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, inducing glutamate-mediated hyperexcitability. Specific PAR1 inhibition decreases status epilepticus severity in vivo. In stroke, the elevation of brain thrombin levels further compromises BBB integrity, with direct parenchymal damage, while systemic factor Xa inhibition improves neurological outcomes. In multiple sclerosis (MS), brain thrombin inhibitory capacity correlates with clinical presentation. Both thrombin inhibition by hirudin and the use of recombinant aPC improve disease severity in an MS animal model. This review presents the mechanisms underlying the effects of coagulation on the physiology and pathophysiology of the CNS.
Electronic design automation requirements for R2R printing foundry
Authors: Kim TaeWoong , Kim SoYoung 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Roll-to-roll (R2R) printed electronic devices have been in the spotlight over the decades as a potential replacement for Si-based semiconductors, research into this technology is still being actively conducted over the world. These printed electronic devices can be used in a variety of applications, so the demand for them is expected to reach over USD 20.7 billion in 2025 given a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.5%. As the new ink materials and printing technologies being researched are commercialized, foundry companies that produce printed electronics need to provide appropriate work flow that will allow engineers to design these kind of circuits using commercial electronic design automation (EDA) tools. This review paper describes the key parameters that should be found process design kit (PDK), including the contained design rules and the simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis model. We cover the factors that need to be considered when a fabless company develops circuits for the R2R process, including the design methodology from the beginning of the design to the final graphic data stream (GDS) completion stage, we also discuss other essential technological hurdles that must be overcome in this process. The overall process of design and analysis for printed electronic technique is based on the silicon design flow. We describe the full custom design flow for analog integrated circuits (ICs) and explain how the automatic placement and routing based design of digital integrated circuits can be carried out. In addition, the necessity of sign-off verification using post-simulation, electromagnetic (EM) simulation and bias check simulation required for commercial product development will be explained. The development of PDKs and EDA tools for circuit design in the R2R printed electronics foundry industry will have a potentially tremendous impact on the semiconductor ecosystem by lowering the barriers to producing these devices.
Grid-graph modeling of emergent neuromorphic dynamics and heterosynaptic plasticity in memristive nanonetworks
Authors: Montano Kevin , Milano Gianluca , Ricciardi Carlo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Self-assembled memristive nanonetworks composed of many interacting nano objects have been recently exploited for neuromorphic-type data processing and for the implementation of unconventional computing paradigms, such as reservoir computing. In these networks, information processing and computing tasks are performed by exploiting the emergent network behaviour without the need of fine tuning its components. Here, we propose grid-graph modelling of the emergent behaviour of memristive nanonetworks, where the memristive behaviour is decoupled from the particular and detailed behaviour of each network element. In this model, the memristive behavior of each edge is regulated by an analytical potentiation-depression rate balance equation deduced from physical arguments. By comparing modelling and experimental results obtained on nanonetworks based on Ag NWs, the model is shown to be able to emulate the main features of the emergent memristive behaviour and spatio-temporal dynamics of the nanonetwork, including short-term plasticity, paired-pulse facilitation and heterosynaptic plasticity. These results show that the model represents a versatile platform for exploring the implementation of unconventional computing paradigms in nanonetworks.
The Contested Concept of Secularism and Bangladesh
Authors: Bhuiyan Md Jahid Hossain 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
There are different ways in which scholars comprehend secularism. According to some scholars, secularism is the phenomenon in which religion is fully separated from the state and plays no part in the public domain. Others are of the view that, while secularism denotes separation between religion and state, there should be little involvement of religion in the public domain because it is a vital part of the lives of individuals. This Article aims to discuss the various interpretations of secularism, create a classification of secularism models, and examine how secularism is considered in Bangladesh. For this purpose, this Article analyzes statements given by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (known as the Father of the Nation and the leader of the Bangladesh Awami League) to identify the secularism model followed in Bangladesh. Sheikh Mujib and his political party, the Awami League, did not explicitly use the word “secularism” until the independence war in 1971. However, secularist ideals were emphasized by the party. After independence, the Constitution of Bangladesh was adopted in 1972 and secularism was included in the Constitution.
In Bangladesh, secularism is understood as the antithesis of communalism. Anti-communalism in Bangladesh does not refer to anti-religion; rather, it eliminates conflict between the various subnational communities and describes politics by giving equal status to individuals in a unified national community. President Ziaur Rahman removed the secularism principle from the Constitution in 1977 through the Fifth Amendment. Islam was declared as the state religion in 1988 during the rule of President Hussain Muhammad Ershad through the Eighth Amendment. In 2011, the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution was adopted during the tenure of Sheikh Hasina’s Awami League as Sheikh Hasina saw the necessity for following an established religion model, while making sure that sufficient rights were also awarded to religious minorities. Adopting Islam as the state religion is considered by the Awami League as a means of satisfying the Muslim majority and peacefully coexisting with religious groups such as Hefazat-e-Islam. This Article argues that the Awami League’s stance implies the practice of modus vivendi, which, in contemporary terms, signifies a means of living together for the population, in spite of their contradictory features, which emerge mostly because of difference in opinions, interests, religions, ethnicities, or beliefs. Through the practice of modus vivendi, these differences are recognized and facilitated. The meaning of secularism (and the issue of whether the state should be committed to secularism) is deeply contested in Bangladesh, making the country an interesting case study.
Chemical contact tracing for exposomics
Authors: Liu Ken 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Human health and disease reflects a complex interplay between the genome and the exposome. High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based metabolomics routinely measures thousands of endogenous, dietary and xenobiotic chemicals. However, confident identification of exposure-related chemicals remains a challenge as a significant portion of chemical signals detected in metabolomics analyses remains uncharacterized. Illuminating the “dark matter” of the exposome cannot be accomplished efficiently if the prevailing approach depends on the use of purified authentic standards that are not readily accessible for most laboratories. An alternative approach involves chemical exposure “contact tracing” analogous to contact tracing used to track the spread of infectious disease. For transmissible diseases, contact tracing identifies sets of potentially infected individuals that are linked by close contact to a confirmed positive case. Similarly, chemical exposures can be identified by establishing sets of xenobiotic metabolites that are linked to the original exposure via enzymatic biotransformation. Here, we provide a commentary on how incorporating enzyme-based strategies for chemical contact tracing enables -omics scale characterization of chemical exposures to further illuminate the “dark matter” of the exposome.