bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the “Marble Arch”? Archbishop J.A.F. Gregg, the Church of Ireland, and the Second World War, 1935–1945
Authors: Houston Matthew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractJ.A.F. Gregg, Church of Ireland Archbishop of Armagh, played an important role in religious life across the island of Ireland for half of the twentieth century. He has been portrayed by historians as the “Marble Arch,” a leader who reigned over one Church across two states. This article reevaluates that interpretation: by using the period of the Second World War as a case study, it suggests that the historiographical portrayal of Gregg has neglected other significant aspects of his character and career. This article contends that, in addition to being a dominant leader, he was a British patriot, a pastor, and a scholar. Gregg navigated a course that recognized both states and their differing positions regarding the conflict; and he contributed to post-war desires for unity among Irish Anglicans across those states during a period of increased division on the island. The article, by bringing fresh attention to Gregg, discusses an under-examined figure in the history of the Church of Ireland and explores a hitherto neglected period in that historiography. By contextualizing Gregg's wartime rhetoric with that of Anglican churchmen in England, the study also addresses lacunae both in the historiography of religion and the Second World War and in that of Irish and Northern Irish experiences of the conflict.
Negotiating Liturgical Obligations in Late Medieval Dominican Convents
Authors: Jones Claire Taylor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLiturgy has often served as a source for studying the identities of medieval religious communities through examining local saints and special chants or ceremonies. This article deepens such approaches by considering the practice of liturgical coordination, which required each convent to reconcile the obligations imposed upon it by the order to which it belonged, the diocese in which it lay, and the personal networks of its sisters. The shifting dates of the Easter cycle created a wide variety of possible calendrical conflicts and necessitated that each convent's liturgical practice be organized anew every year. Focusing on German-language liturgical manuals from Observant Dominican convents, this article introduces these sources and examines the various obligations, authorities, and sources of advice that Dominican sisters coordinated when planning each year's liturgy. It then turns to the concrete example of a major calendrical conflict on May 1, 1519, which illustrates how convents negotiated their networked obligations and defended their decisions. Supplementing traditional sources such as chronicles and charters, liturgical administrative documents reveal how each convent's liturgical identity was both iterative and networked and how the tensions between these features opened up spaces for assertive decision-making.
Delivery and Deliverance: Religious Experiences of Childbirth in Eighteenth-Century America
Authors: Balik Shelby M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that childbirth served as a prism for religious experience in early America, not just among the women who experienced it but also among the members of their households and communities. Examining childbirth as the source of religious experience can shed light on the social and physiological dimensions of early American spirituality by illuminating a religious culture of childbearing that shaped the piety of anyone who came into contact with it. We might expect that childbirth molded women's spirituality. But this article proposes that not just women but also others in their midst experienced religion differently because of their proximity to childbirth. Pregnancy, labor, and infant loss forced women and men to confront mortality and became means through which they carved out spiritual life, created ritual, and forged religious community. Using the body as a category of analysis, this paper reveals a space where the physical and spiritual persons intersect, and it argues that spiritual responses to childbirth as a physiological event were part of the longer arc of religious experience than we have previously appreciated. In doing so, it offers new ways to center women and gender in the narrative of early American religious history.
Growth and yield estimation of banana through mathematical modelling: a systematic review
Authors: Jayasinghe S. L. , Ranawana C. J. K. , Liyanage I. C. , Kaliyadasa P. E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBanana is one of the main fruit crops in the world as it is a rich source of nutrients and has recently become popular for its fibre, particularly as a raw material in many industries. Mathematical models are crucial for strategic and forecasting applications; however, models related to the banana crop are less common, and reviews on previous modelling efforts are scarce, emphasizing the need for evidence-based studies on this topic. Therefore, we reviewed 75 full-text articles published between 1985 and 2021 for information on mathematical models related to banana growth and, fruit and fibre yield. We analysed results in order to provide a descriptive synthesis of selected studies. According to the co-occurrence analysis, most studies were conducted on the mathematical modelling of banana fruit production. Modellers often used multiple linear regression models to estimate banana plant growth and fruit yield. Existing models incorporate a range of predictor variables, growth conditions, varieties, modelling approaches and evaluation methods, which limits comparative evaluation and selection of the best model. However, the banana process-based simulation model ‘SIMBA’ and artificial neural network have proven their robust applicability to estimate banana plant growth. This review shows that there is insufficient information on mathematical models related to banana fibre yield. This review could aid stakeholders in identifying the strengths and limitations of existing models, as well as providing insight on how to build novel and reliable banana crop-related mathematical models.
Capacity and leadership development for wildlife conservation in sub-Saharan Africa: assessment of a programme linking training and mentorship
Authors: Abu-Bakarr Ibrahim , Bakarr Mohamed I. , Gelman Nancy , Johnny Jonathan , Kamanda Philip Jimia , Killian Dan , Lebbie Aiah , Murphy Melanie , Ntongho Anne , O'Connor Sheila , Sam-Mbomah Edwin , Thulla Philip Foday Yamba , Wadsworth Richard 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs threats facing wildlife and protected areas across Africa increase, demand for innovative and transformational leadership to tackle the challenges remains high. Traditional academic training programmes are playing a critical role in meeting capacity development needs, yet opportunities for strengthening leadership capabilities are limited. This was the rationale behind Mentoring for ENvironmental Training in Outreach and Resource conservation (MENTOR), initiated in 2007 by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service through a collaborative effort with various partners to support conservation leadership and capacity development across sub-Saharan Africa. Five independent programmes were implemented over a decade, each designed to combine rigorous academic and field-based training with mentoring and experiential learning for teams of 8–9 fellows selected through a competitive process. It was envisioned that this approach to leadership and capacity development would strengthen the resolve, capabilities and competences of the fellows and position them as conservation leaders. Using data from interviews and online surveys, we assessed three key aspects of the programmes: strategic relevance and design; progress, effectiveness and impact; and sustainability. Overall, we found that all five programmes successfully delivered the objective of strengthening leadership for conservation in Africa, with the cadre of professionals acquiring new skills and expertise to advance their careers, and developing life-long relationships and networks. We discuss the potential of this approach for developing African conservation leaders.
Mis-step as Global Encounter: The American Dance Festival in Reform Era China
Authors: Miao Fangfei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis article examines a pivoting moment in Chinese modern dance history—a four-year US-China dance exchange project known as the Guangdong Modern Dance Experimental Program that occurred as part of China's Reform Era cultural policies. Based on my intertwined positions of outside insider and artist-scholar, this article examines the interaction between competing kinesthetic values, pedagogical approaches, and conceptions of the modern crystallized in the Guangdong program, an inquiry that defies conventional narratives of Chinese modern dance. I propose the concept of “mis-step” as an aperture to rethink corporeal encounter and dance circulation in global spaces. “Mis-” indicates contingency beyond expectations; “-step” suggests productivity of that contingency. “Mis-step” thus highlights the rich potential of indeterminacy and proposes to theorize transnational dance history beyond “right” or “wrong.” Through mis-step, this article submits a sensual experience of global encounter that centers on perplexity. This awkward yet meaningful experience constructs a crucial component of globalization reality.
The rediscovery of the Roman jus gentium and the post 1945 international order
Authors: Giltaij Jacob 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe main query of this contribution concerns the circumstances and conditions under which the concept of jus gentium as it existed in Roman law is included in or excluded from the historical canon of international law. Paradoxically, according to the major twentieth-century handbooks on the history of international law the term ‘law of nations’ derives from the Latin jus gentium. However, historians of international law tend to indicate the jus gentium does not amount to any ‘international law’ in the modern sense. The contribution argues that the idea of the Roman jus gentium as equivalent to our modern international law was rediscovered in the 1930s and 1940s, first by a group of leading Roman law scholars who were ousted from Germany by the Nazi regime, and second by a larger group of thinkers and academics they came into contact with in their new academic surroundings. The reason for this rediscovery is a change in the definition of ‘international law’ especially beyond legal positivism, to encompass two qualities the Nazis despised: individualism and universalism. The purpose of the contribution is to show an instance of a change in canon due to the political circumstances, one with consequences for the formation of actual institutions in international law.
An Opera about the ‘Progress of Music’: Charles Burney, Domenico Corri'sThe Travellers(1806) and the Macartney Embassy to China 1792–1794
Authors: Lee Hayoung Heidi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPremiered in London twelve years after the unsuccessful return of the first British embassy to China, led by Lord George Macartney, Domenico Corri's five-act ‘dramatic opera’,The Travellers, or Music's Fascination(1806), is a unique work exhibiting concrete connections to the embassy in its dramatic concept, musical and visual sources. This article explores how the subject of the opera – tracing the ‘progress of music’ from China to Britain – reflected the contemporary discussion about Chinese music, articulated most clearly by Charles Burney, who held a significant interest in the embassy's musical exchange. By incorporating a Chinese melody and ‘realistic’ visual representation connected to the embassy, the opera reconstructs certain ceremonies and musical experience witnessed by the members of the embassy. Interestingly, the opera balances first-hand knowledge of Chinese music and culture with an emerging imperialist view, and dramatises the aim of the embassy to show British advancement in the arts and sciences.
Age at Separation of Twin Pairs in the FinnTwin12 Study
Authors: Wang Zhiyang , Whipp Alyce , Heinonen-Guzejev Marja , Kaprio Jaakko 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLiving in the same household exposes family members to shared environments and may be reflected in estimates of shared environment in twin analyses. The age at the separation of cotwins in a twin pair marks the end of such shared exposure, and the age of separation is commonly self-reported in studies. The objective of the study was to summarize the age at separation from residential records and use it to validate with self-reported separation status and age at the third and fourth wave of data collection in the FinnTwin12 cohort. Age at separation was generated from the address information, linking it to the Finnish Population information system since birth. Descriptive statistics by sex and zygosity are presented. The mean age at separation from residential records was 20.36 years old. Women separated earlier than men and dizygotic pairs earlier than monozygotic pairs. We also calculated the sensitivity and specificity with the self-reported separation status at waves 3 and 4, and interrater reliability with the self-reported separation age at wave 4. Age at separation from residential records had a relatively poor agreement with the self-report. This work enables us to use a more precise and objective measure for the shared environment in future twin studies.
Statistical Associations Between Geomagnetic Activity, Solar Wind, Solar Proton Events, and Winter NAO and AO Indices
Authors: Vencloviene Jone , Kiznys Deivydas , Zaltauskaite Jurate 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNumerous studies have revealed evidence that winter climate in the Northern Hemisphere is related to the solar cycle and space weather. Most of the studies investigating the impact of space weather on the North Atlantic Oscillation and Artic Oscillation indices (NAOIs and AOIs) analyzed monthly or seasonal data. In this work, we evaluated the responses of winter NAOI/AOI to space weather changes on the day‐to‐day timescale during 1950–2020 by using an autoregressive (AR) model with additional predictors, such as month, linear trend, trends of solar irradiance and Kp indices, the Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the presence of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) and high stratospheric aerosol loading (HSAL), and space weather variables, reflecting the day‐to‐day effect. Winter daily NAOI (AOI) follows the AR model of the 4th (5th) order. We found a positive day‐to‐day effect of Kp, solar wind speed (SWS) > 300 km/s, By ≤ 3.15 nT, and solar wind dynamic pressure (P) with a lag of 2 days on the NAOI and the AOI. For the AOI, additionally, the period of 1 day before–2 days after the solar proton event onset had a negative effect, and the signal of Kp and SWS was observed only for the east QBO phase. For the NAOI, a stronger effect of P was found on the presence of a strongly positive QBO phase. A stronger signal of Kp and SWS was found during HSAL. The signal of SWS > 300 km/s on the NAOI/AOI was different in sign during the periods with and without SSW.
Response of the Jovian Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere System to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Discontinuity: A Simulation Study
Authors: Wang Yuxian , Guo Xiaocheng , Wang Chi , Blanc Michel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe response of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere (MI) system at Jupiter to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) tangential discontinuity is studied via global Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations. Our results show that the IMF discontinuity, which has a transition front perpendicular to the Sun‐Jupiter line, has strong effects on the Jovian MI system depending on local times and radial distances to Jupiter. The magnetospheric significant response to the discontinuity is delayed by ∼2–6 hr after the encounter of the discontinuity front with the bow shock, while the delay time for the ionospheric field‐aligned currents (FACs) is ∼3–8 hr. The outer magnetosphere, particularly at dayside, tends to respond slightly quicker than the inner regions. At the ionosphere, the response of downward FACs is found to occur earlier than that of the upward ones by a time ranging from less than 1 hr to several hours, which is also more prominent at dayside sectors. Using a new MI mapping method with Jupiter's JRM09 magnetic field model, we reproduce for the first time the ionospheric FACs consistent with the morphology of the observed ultraviolet (UV) main auroral emissions. This indicates a potential application of the simulated upward FACs on the morphology of the UV main auroral ovals.
Linking Phytoplankton Variability to Atmospheric Blocking in an Eastern Boundary Upwelling System
Authors: Le Chengfeng , Wu Ming , Sun Hongwei , Long Shang‐min , Beck Marcus W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe oceanic ecosystems in the eastern boundary upwelling systems (EBUS) are expected to be influenced by climate change, but specific mechanisms describing their connections are not well understood. Using a 20‐year time‐series record of satellite and climate data, we identified a strong linkage between phytoplankton variability in a EBUS and a high latitude, large‐scale atmospheric process. The winter–spring phytoplankton variability in the Canary Current Upwelling System was associated to the atmospheric blocking events over Greenland. These Greenland blocking events were primarily caused by the persistence of quasi‐stationary, large‐scale high atmosphere pressure fields. These fields forced the eddy‐driven jet stream to shift south, which caused a weakening of the equatorward alongshore winds over the upwelling system. As a result, the wind‐driven upwelling was suppressed, and phytoplankton growth was inhibited. These results identified a previously unknown source driving interannual phytoplankton variability in the EBUS, underscoring the importance of contributions of atmospheric connections on the coastal upwelling ecosystems.
Relative Permeability Variation Depending on Viscosity Ratio and Capillary Number
Authors: Suwandi Natanael , Jiang Fei , Tsuji Takeshi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe relative roles of parameters governing relative permeability, a crucial property for two‐phase fluid flows, are incompletely known. To characterize the influence of viscosity ratio (M) and capillary number (Ca), we calculated relative permeabilities of nonwetting fluids (knw) and wetting fluids (kw) in a 3D model of Berea sandstone under steady state condition using the lattice‐Boltzmann method. We show that knw increases and kw decreases as M increases due to the lubricating effect, locally occurred pore‐filling behavior, and instability at fluid interfaces. We also show that knw decreases markedly at low Ca (log Ca < −1.25), whereas kw undergoes negligible change with changing Ca. An M‐Ca‐knw correlation diagram, displaying the simultaneous effects of M and Ca, shows that they cause knw to vary by an order of magnitude. The color map produced is useful to provide accurate estimates of knw in reservoir‐scale simulations and to help identify the optimum properties of the immiscible fluids to be used in a geologic reservoir.
Multi‐Tracer Groundwater Dating in Southern Oman Using Bayesian Modeling
Authors: Rädle Viola , Kersting Arne , Schmidt Maximilian , Ringena Lisa , Robertz Julian , Aeschbach Werner , Oberthaler Markus , Müller Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the scope of assessing aquifer systems in areas where freshwater is scarce, estimation of transit times is a vital step to quantify the effect of groundwater abstraction. Transit time distributions of different shapes, mean residence times, and contributions are used to represent the hydrogeological conditions in aquifer systems and are typically inferred from measured tracer concentrations by inverse modeling. In this study, a multi‐tracer sampling campaign was conducted in the Salalah Plain in Southern Oman including CFCs, SF6, 39Ar, 14C, and 4He. Based on the data of three tracers, a two‐component Dispersion Model (DMmix) and a nonparametric model with six age bins were assumed and evaluated using Bayesian statistics. In a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach, the maximum likelihood parameter estimates and their uncertainties were determined. Model performance was assessed using Bayes factor and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation. Both models suggest that the groundwater in the Salalah Plain is composed of a very young component below 30 yr and a very old component beyond 1,000 yr, with the nonparametric model performing slightly better than the DMmix model. All wells except one exhibit reasonable goodness of fit. Our results support the relevance of Bayesian modeling in hydrology and the potential of nonparametric models for an adequate representation of aquifer dynamics.
Element Partitioning and Li‐O Isotope Fractionation Between Silicate Minerals and Crustal‐Derived Carbonatites and Their Implications
Authors: Su Ben‐Xun , Wang Jing , Cui Meng‐Meng , Wu Yong , Pang Kwan‐Nang , Malaviarachchi Sanjeewa P. K. , Dharmapriya P. L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn order to investigate element partitioning and Li‐O isotope fractionation between silicate minerals and carbonatite melts at variable levels from mantle to crust, we document elemental and Li‐O isotopic data for major minerals from crust‐derived carbonatites at Eppawala, Sri Lanka. Partition coefficients (D) of elements between olivine or clinopyroxene and carbonatite melts are consequently estimated. The estimated D values indicate that Li, Zn, Co, Cr, Mn, and Ni behave compatibly in olivine, while P and Sc are slightly compatible, and V and Al are mildly incompatible. Partition coefficients of elements between clinopyroxene and carbonatite melts are defined here, including highly compatible Li, Sc, Ti, V, Al, and Na, moderately compatible Zn, Co, Cr, and Ga, and incompatible Mn, Ni, P, and Cu. They are systematically higher than literature values obtained from mantle conditions, but their relative compatibilities at different systems are consistent. This indicates that element partitioning between silicates and carbonatite melts is highly temperature‐ and pressure‐dependent and can be used to evaluate geochemical proxies of carbonatite metasomatism, and evolution and mineralization of carbonatite melts. Profile analyses on olivine grains reveal that Fe‐loving elements in olivine could well preserve features of crystal growth and modal metasomatic interaction, while Li and O isotope fractionations are strongly controlled by element diffusion and Li isotopes are robust indicators of cryptic metasomatic interaction.
Synthetic lethality between TP53 and ENDOD1
Authors: Tang Zizhi , Zeng Ming , Wang Xiaojun , Guo Chang , Yue Peng , Zhang Xiaohu , Lou Huiqiang , Chen Jun , Mu Dezhi , Kong Daochun , Carr Antony M. , Liu Cong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe atypical nuclease ENDOD1 functions with cGAS-STING in innate immunity. Here we identify a previously uncharacterized ENDOD1 function in DNA repair. ENDOD1 is enriched in the nucleus following H2O2 treatment and ENDOD1−/− cells show increased PARP chromatin-association. Loss of ENDOD1 function is synthetic lethal with homologous recombination defects, with affected cells accumulating DNA double strand breaks. Remarkably, we also uncover an additional synthetic lethality between ENDOD1 and p53. ENDOD1 depletion in TP53 mutated tumour cells, or p53 depletion in ENDOD1−/− cells, results in rapid single stranded DNA accumulation and cell death. Because TP53 is mutated in ~50% of tumours, ENDOD1 has potential as a wide-spectrum target for synthetic lethal treatments. To support this we demonstrate that systemic knockdown of mouse EndoD1 is well tolerated and whole-animal siRNA against human ENDOD1 restrains TP53 mutated tumour progression in xenograft models. These data identify ENDOD1 as a potential cancer-specific target for SL drug discovery.