bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physcomitrium patens pentatricopeptide repeat protein PpPPR_32 is involved in the accumulation of psaC mRNA encoding the iron sulfur protein of photosystem I
Authors: Suzuki Ryo , Sugita Chieko , Aoki Setsuyuki , Sugita Mamoru 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are involved in RNA metabolism and also play a role in posttranscriptional regulation during plant organellar gene expression. Although a hundred of PPR proteins exist in the moss Physcomitrium patens, their functions are not fully understood. Here, we report the function of P‐class PPR protein PpPPR_32 in P. patens. A transient expression assay using green fluorescent protein demonstrated that the N‐terminal region of PpPPR_32 functions as a chloroplast‐targeting transit peptide, indicating that PpPPR_32 is localized in chloroplasts. PpPPR_32 knockout mutants grew autotrophically but with reduced protonema growth and the poor formation of photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and RNA gel blot hybridization analyses revealed a significant reduction in the transcript level of the psaC gene encoding the iron sulfur protein of PSI but no alteration to the transcript levels of other PSI genes. This suggests that PpPPR_32 is specifically involved in the expression level of the psaC gene. Our results indicate that PpPPR_32 is essential for the accumulation of psaC transcript and PSI complexes.
XRCC1 counteracts poly(ADP ribose)polymerase (PARP) poisons, olaparib and talazoparib, and a clinical alkylating agent, temozolomide, by promoting the removal of trapped PARP1 from broken DNA
Authors: Hirota Kouji , Ooka Masato , Shimizu Naoto , Yamada Kousei , Tsuda Masataka , Ibrahim Mahmoud Abdelghany , Yamada Shintaro , Sasanuma Hiroyuki , Masutani Mitsuko , Takeda Shunichi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBase excision repair (BER) removes damaged bases by generating single‐strand breaks (SSBs), gap‐filling by DNA polymerase β (POLβ), and resealing SSBs. A base‐damaging agent, methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) is widely used to study BER. BER increases cellular tolerance to MMS, anti‐cancer base‐damaging drugs, temozolomide, carmustine, and lomustine, and to clinical poly(ADP ribose)polymerase (PARP) poisons, olaparib and talazoparib. The poisons stabilize PARP1/SSB complexes, inhibiting access of BER factors to SSBs. PARP1 and XRCC1 collaboratively promote SSB resealing by recruiting POLβ to SSBs, but XRCC1−/− cells are much more sensitive to MMS than PARP1−/− cells. We recently report that the PARP1 loss in XRCC1−/− cells restores their MMS tolerance and conclude that XPCC1 facilitates the release of PARP1 from SSBs by maintaining its autoPARylation. We here show that the PARP1 loss in XRCC1−/− cells also restores their tolerance to the three anti‐cancer base‐damaging drugs, although they and MMS induce different sets of base damage. We reveal the synthetic lethality of the XRCC1−/− mutation, but not POLβ−/−, with olaparib and talazoparib, indicating that XRCC1 is a unique BER factor in suppressing toxic PARP1/SSB complex and can suppress even when PARP1 catalysis is inhibited. In conclusion, XRCC1 suppresses the PARP1/SSB complex via PARP1 catalysis‐dependent and independent mechanisms.
A qualitative study of the health information seeking behaviour of adolescent girls in Iran indicates that public libraries could help supply information required about puberty
Authors: Taheri Abolfazl , Yousefianzadeh Omid , Saeedizadeh Marziyeh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe present study aimed to identify the puberty related information seeking behaviour of adolescent female members of Zarrinshahr public libraries.MethodologyUsing a phenomenology approach, this study sought to identify the puberty related information seeking behaviours for a population of female adolescent public library patrons located in the Middle East. The data were collected via event based interviews and the samples were selected by purposeful sampling method. After converting the audio to text, the transcripts were imported into MAXQDA 10, they were coded and then, the relevant categories were extracted.ResultsThe information needs of girls experiencing puberty were identified and divided into four thematic categories: health issues, psychological issues, religious issues (religious precepts), and issues related to physical activity. Girls get this information from a variety of resources such as people, the Internet, social networks, documents, and libraries. The process of information seeking is so problematic for them because they are faced with content, family, social, and financial barriers and mainly lack Internet literacy and search skills.ConclusionHealth information seeking constitutes the main part of adolescent girls’ daily lives. Identification of adolescent girls’ health information needs, the main channels of information seeking, and the barriers the girls face while information seeking can help public libraries adopt the right policies regarding the provision of health information services.
Distinguishing activated T regulatory cell and T conventional cells by single‐cell technologies
Authors: Reinhardt Julia , Sharma Virag , Stavridou Antigoni , Lindner Annett , Reinhardt Susanne , Petzold Andreas , Lesche Mathias , Rost Fabian , Bonifacio Ezio , Eugster Anne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractResting conventional T cells (Tconv) can be distinguished from T regulatory cells (Treg) by the canonical markers FOXP3, CD25 and CD127. However, the expression of these proteins alters after T‐cell activation leading to overlap between Tconv and Treg. The objective of this study was to distinguish resting and antigen‐responsive T effector (Tconv) and Treg using single‐cell technologies. CD4+ Treg and Tconv cells were stimulated with antigen and responsive and non‐responsive populations processed for targeted and non‐targeted single‐cell RNAseq. Machine learning was used to generate a limited set of genes that could distinguish responding and non‐responding Treg and Tconv cells and which was used for single‐cell multiplex qPCR and to design a flow cytometry panel. Targeted scRNAseq clearly distinguished the four‐cell populations. A minimal set of 27 genes was identified by machine learning algorithms to provide discrimination of the four populations at >95% accuracy. In all, 15 of the genes were validated to be differentially expressed by single‐cell multiplex qPCR. Discrimination of responding Treg from responding Tconv could be achieved by a flow cytometry strategy that included staining for CD25, CD127, FOXP3, IKZF2, ITGA4, and the novel marker TRIM which was strongly expressed in Tconv and weakly expressed in both responding and non‐responding Treg. A minimal set of genes was identified that discriminates responding and non‐responding CD4+ Treg and Tconv cells and, which have identified TRIM as a marker to distinguish Treg by flow cytometry.
Synthesis and thermophysical properties of ATa2O6 (A = Co, Ni, Mg, Ca) tantalates with robust CMAS resistance
Authors: Li Baihui , Chen Lin , Luo Keren , Guo Jun , Wang Jiankun , Zhang Luyang , Feng Jing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA new family of ceramic environmental/thermal barrier coating (E/TBC) materials, that is, ATa2O6 (A = Co, Ni, Mg, Ca), for high‐temperature applications, are investigated and reported in this study. We focus on the synthesis and features of crystal structures, and on the mechanical and high‐temperature properties. ATa2O6 oxides have an extraordinary phase stability (up to 1300°C), and their thermal expansion coefficients (6.2–7.3 × 10−6 K−1) match those of SiC fiber‐enhanced SiC ceramic matrix composites (3–7 × 10−6 K−1). Their low thermal conductivities (min: 1.15 W·m−1·K−1) root in the slow phonon spreading speed and fierce phonon‐phonon scattering process, and they will provide exceptional thermal insulation. Moreover, their hardness (5.6–8.8 GPa), toughness (1.4–1.9 MPa·m1/2), and moduli (100–210 GPa) have good comparability with current E/TBCs. We propose the 33CaO‐9MgO‐13AlO1.5‐45SiO2 (CMAS) corrosion mechanisms of ATa2O6 ceramics, and their robust CMAS resistance relies on the phase stability of CaTa2O6 oxides. The excellent high‐temperature properties ensure that ATa2O6 can be used as E/TBCs to provide thermal insulation and CMAS corrosion protection.
Comparing the Taiwanese learning effects of Shaking‐On and Kahoot!
Authors: Hong Jon‐Chao , Tai Kai‐Hsin , Luo Wan‐Lun , Sher Yung‐Ji , Kao Yi‐Wen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMany gamification applications (apps) have been designed to motivate students to learn particular content. Based on the brain activation approach, the present study adapted an app, named Shaking‐On, which requires students to shake their mobile devices to send their answers to multiple‐choice questions to the teacher. Students then learn from their performance.ObjectivesTo understand how this approach can stimulate participants' emotions when achieving their learning goals, the present study compared Shaking‐On to Kahoot! by checking participants' gameplay anxiety, learning interest, perceived learning value, and learning achievement while learning the Taiwanese language.MethodsThe students were divided into two groups to play with one of the two apps, Shaking‐On or Kahoot!, as part of a quasi‐experimental study in which they used the assigned app six times in 6 weeks. Moreover, a questionnaire was distributed to participants and 151 useful responses from the Shaking‐On group, and 148 from the Kahoot! group were returned.Results and ConclusionsAfter statistical analysis, the results of this study revealed that besides no difference in gameplay anxiety when comparing the two groups of students, there were significant differences in game interest, flow experience, perceived learning value, and learning achievement, further indicating that Shaking‐On with hands‐on shaking outperformed Kahoot!.
Optimization of the sampling method to monitor Drosophila suzukii infestation in vineyards
Authors: Kehrli Patrik , Monnier Jérémy , Vonlanthen Olivier , Cara Corrado , Jelmini Luca , Steiner Theresa , Stäheli Nicola , Linder Christian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDrosophila suzukii is a highly polyphagous pest species that can also attack grape. To prevent economic damage in vineyards, it is important to detect D. suzukii infestation early in order to protect grapes efficiently. Here, we firstly examined if peripheral zones adjacent to natural habitats and central zones within a vineyard differ in infestation levels, and, secondly, where within a grape cluster most eggs are laid. Among the eight infested vineyards studied, seven had higher D. suzukii infestation levels in peripheral zones adjacent to hedgerows, forests or gardens. Females laid 2.0‐fold more eggs on berries in the interior of grape clusters than on berries on the exterior of the cluster. Based on the finding that berries in the interior of grape clusters are more vulnerable, we developed a novel sampling method to estimate D. suzukii infestation level in vineyards more effectively. The so‐called ‘whole cluster method’ consists of a representative but random collection of five grape clusters per plot and a visual inspection of five berries each from the inner and outer part of a cluster totalling 50 checked berries per plot. We then compared our newly developed method to two established sampling methods to estimate D. suzukii infestations (i.e. ‘single berry method’ and ‘cluster fragment method’), which rarely collect and inspect berries from the interior of clusters. In 87 comparisons conducted in 35 different plots, the ‘whole cluster method’ was the most sensitive sampling method as the calculated mean infestation rate was highest and it identified eggs earlier and in more samples than the other two methods. We therefore believe that the ‘whole cluster method’ is currently the most effective method to assess D. suzukii infestations in commercial vineyards.
Pragmatic Trials in Long‐Term Care: Implementation and Dissemination Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Levy Cari , Zimmerman Sheryl , Mor Vincent , Gifford David , Greenberg Sherry A. , Klinger Juliet Holt , Lieblich Cathy , Linnebur Sunny , McAllister Angie , Nazir Arif , Pace Douglas , Stone Robyn , Resnick Barbara , Sloane Philip D. , Ouslander Joseph , Gaugler Joseph E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRandomized controlled trials are considered the most rigorous research design in efficacy and effectiveness research; however, such trials present numerous challenges that limit their applicability in real‐world settings. As a consequence, pragmatic trials are increasingly viewed as a research design that overcomes some of these barriers with the potential to produce findings that are more reproducible. Although pragmatic methodology in long‐term care is receiving increasing attention as an approach to improve successful dissemination and implementation, pragmatic trials present complexities of their own. To address these complexities and related issues, experts with experience conducting pragmatic trials, developing nursing home policy, participating in advocacy efforts, and providing clinical care in long‐term care settings participated in a virtual consensus conference funded by the National Institute on Aging in Spring 2021. Participants identified 4 cross‐cutting principles key to dissemination and implementation of pragmatic trial interventions: (1) stakeholder engagement, (2) diversity and inclusion, (3) organizational strain and readiness, and (4) learn from adaptations. Participants emphasized that implementation processes must be grounded in the perspectives of the people who will ultimately be responsible for implementing the intervention once it is proven to be effective. In addition, messaging must speak to long‐term care staff and all others who have a stake in its outcomes. Although our understanding of dissemination and implementation strategies remains underdeveloped, this article is designed to guide long‐term care researchers and community providers who are increasingly aware of the need for pragmatism in disseminating and implementing evidence‐based care interventions.
Reconciling communication repertoires: navigating interactions involving persons with severe/profound intellectual disability, a classic grounded theory study
Authors: Martin A.‐M. , Andrews T. , Goldbart J. , Landers M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundA rights‐based agenda, informed by the UNCRPD, that advocates person‐centredness, inclusion, empowerment and self‐determination is shaping service provision to people with intellectual disability (ID). Listening to their perspectives is fundamental to meeting these goals. However, communication with people with severe/profound ID is challenging and difficult. Therefore, this study aims to generate a theory that explains how people communicate with and understand each other in these interactions.MethodsClassic grounded theory (CGT) methodology was used as it recognises that knowledge can be captured rather than interpreted. According to CGT, capturing rather than interpreting experiences strengthens findings, particularly in relation to participants with severe/profound ID. Concurrent theoretical sampling, data collection and analysis were undertaken. Twenty‐two individuals participated in the study: 3 people with severe/profound ID and 19 people with whom they interact. Data were collected over a 9‐month period and involved video recordings, field notes, individual and group interviews. Data were analysed using CGT methods of coding, constant comparison and memoing.ResultsThe Theory of Reconciling Communication Repertoires was generated. Nurturing a sense of belonging emerged as the main concern and core category that is resolved by reconciling communication repertoires. A communication repertoire refers to the cache of communication skills a person has available to them. To reconcile repertoires is to harmonise or make them compatible with each other in order to communicate. Interactions are navigated through five stages: motivation to interact, connection establishment, reciprocally engaging, navigating understanding and confusion resolution.ConclusionsThe Theory of Reconciling Communication Repertoires explains how interactions involving people with severe/profound ID are navigated. While this is a substantive rather than formal theory, it has the potential to inform practice, policy, management, education and research as it outlines how communication with people with severe/profound ID can take place to design, inform and plan person‐centred care.
Expectation‐Driven Cycles and the Changing Dynamics of Unemployment
Authors: D'AGOSTINO ANTONELLO , MENDICINO CATERINA , PUGLISI FEDERICO 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper provides new evidence on the role of expectations for the change in unemployment dynamics over time. We show that unanticipated changes in expectations display large and persistent effects on the unemployment rate in the 2007–09 downturn, contributing to maintain unemployment high well after the most recent recession. We also find that the changes in the autocorrelation of the unemployment rate and its correlation with inflation generated by unanticipated changes in unemployment expectations help to rationalize the pattern observed in the data in the post‐1990 recessions.
Feeding tactics of resident Bryde's whales in New Zealand
Authors: Izadi Sahar , Aguilar de Soto Natacha , Constantine Rochelle , Johnson Mark 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLarge predators typically feed on proportionally sized prey but the world's largest animals, baleen whales, bulk feed on plankton and small fishes. While most baleen whales migrate to feed on polar aggregations of nutritious zooplankton prey, Bryde's whales (Balaenoptera edeni brydei and B. e. edeni) inhabit less productive warm‐temperate waters with variable prey abundance and quality. Off New Zealand, Bryde's whales target both fish and zooplankton, some with lower calorific value. We use multisensor tags (n = 4) and visual observations from drones and boats (n = 52) to reveal that Bryde's whales employ specialized feeding tactics matched to prey type. Zooplankton‐feeding at the surface involved multiple head‐slaps that presumably aggregate zooplankton followed by a side‐lunge. Whales exploiting plankton patches swam in tight circles, performing up to 33 lunges (M = 5.5 ± 6.1) per feeding bout. In contrast, whales targeting fish performed faster vertical lunges. With both prey types, whales concluded lunges with a ~90° roll probably to minimize prey escape at the surface. The diet plasticity and dynamic behaviors of Bryde's whales are key to increasing their foraging efficiency. This may be essential for the whales to meet energetic demands year‐round with a variety of prey in New Zealand waters.
White‐matter microstructural alterations in patients with functional constipation: A tract‐based spatial statistics study
Authors: Hu Yang , Jia Zhenzhen , Zhang Lei , Zhang Zhida , Li Hao , Tan Zongxin , Lv Shuai , von Deneen Karen M. , Duan Shijun , Cui Guangbin , Nie Yongzhan , Zhang Yi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHighly prevalent functional constipation (FC) belongs to the category of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated brain functional and morphometric changes in patients with FC. However, whether FC is associated with white‐matter (WM) microstructural alterations remains unclear.MethodsDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) were introduced to investigate WM microstructural changes as calculated by fractional anisotropy (FA), mean (MD), axial (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) in 26 FC patients and 31 healthy controls.Key ResultsPatients with FC relative to healthy controls had significantly decreased FA with increased MD/RD in the genu (GCC) and body (BCC) of the corpus callosum, right cingulum (Cing), bilateral anterior corona radiata (ACR), bilateral superior corona radiata (SCR), and left posterior corona radiata (PCR) (pFWE < 0.05). Between‐group difference was only in the left SCR and PCR when regressing out anxiety and depression as covariates.Conclusions and InferencesThese WM tracts are mainly responsible for sensory and emotional information communication and corresponding functional integration; thus, our findings indicate an association between FC and WM microstructural abnormalities in regions involved with visceral afferent and emotional‐arousal processing. Alterations in WM microstructures including the CC, cingulum, and ACR are more related to psychological symptoms than constipation, which might have greater impact on brain structures.
Pollination‐precision hypothesis: support from native honey bees and nectar bats
Authors: Stewart Alyssa B. , Diller Carolina , Dudash Michele R. , Fenster Charles B. 
Published: February 2022

Summary

The evolution of floral traits is often considered to reflect selection for increased pollination efficiency. Known as the pollination‐precision hypothesis, increased pollination efficiency is achieved by enhancing pollen deposition on precise areas of the pollinator. Most research to date addressing this hypothesis has examined plant species that are a priori predicted to place pollen precisely, but we still lack comparisons with species predicted to have low pollination efficiency.

We studied 39 plant species with diverse floral morphologies and measured the precision of pollen placement on two pollinator groups: honey bees (genus Apis) and nectar bats (family Pteropodidae). Pollen was collected from four locations of each pollinator’s body (bees: dorsal thorax, ventral thorax, dorsal abdomen, ventral abdomen; bats: crown, face, chest, wing) to calculate pollen placement precision using Pielou’s evenness index. We also quantified variation in floral design by scoring floral symmetry, corolla fusion, floral orientation and stamen number.

We confirm the importance of four floral character states (bilateral symmetry, fused corollas, horizontal orientation and reduced stamen number) in promoting precise pollen placement on diverse pollinators.

Our findings provide phylogenetically corrected, empirical support that the evolution of the four floral characters reflect selection for enhanced precision of pollen placed on pollinators.
Charting platform capitalism: Definitions, concepts and ideologies
Authors: Liang Yin , Aroles Jeremy , Brandl Bernd 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe term ‘platform capitalism’ captures a dynamic set of new work modalities that are mediated by platforms and have been brought about through advances in Information and Communication Technologies, adjustments in consumption modes and preferences, and changes in how work is conceived. Beyond work‐related changes, the ascent of platform capitalism reflects wider societal and political as well as economic changes. While research on platform capitalism and its manifold manifestations abounds, there is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding its key features and characteristics. Seeking to provide conceptual clarity and to contribute to efforts of theorization, we here analyse four main facets of platform capitalism, namely, crowdsourcing, sharing economy, gig economy and platform economy. We review key definitions of each term and provide an overview of their distinctive features. This allows us to identify both similarities and differences in the framing of these four terms. We also delve into the ideologies underlying these four terms, thus providing a critique of the neophilia characterizing the discourse framing platform capitalism.