bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the non-linear dependence of energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts with radial diffusion drivers
Authors: Osmane Adnane , Savola Mikko , Kilpua Emilia , Koskinen Hannu , Borovsky Joseph E. , Kalliokoski Milla 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. In this study, we use mutual information to characterise statistical dependencies of seed and relativistic electron fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts on ultra-low-frequency (ULF) wave power measured on the ground and at geostationary orbit. The benefit of mutual information, in comparison to measures such as the Pearson correlation, lies in the capacity to distinguish non-linear dependencies from linear ones. After reviewing the property of mutual information and its relationship with the Pearson correlation for Gaussian bivariates, we present a methodology to quantify and distinguish linear and non-linear statistical dependencies that can be generalised to a wide range of solar wind drivers and magnetospheric responses. We present an application of the methodology by revisiting the case events studied by Rostoker et al. (1998). Our results corroborate the conclusions of Rostoker et al. (1998) that ULF wave power and relativistic electron fluxes are statistically dependent upon one another. We also estimate that the Pearson correlation is missing between 20 % and 30 % of the statistical dependency between ULF wave power and relativistic electron fluxes. Thus, the Pearson correlation underestimates the impact of ULF waves on energetic electron fluxes. However, we find that observed enhancements in relativistic electron fluxes correlate modestly, both linearly and non-linearly, with the ULF power spectrum when compared with values found in previous studies (Simms et al., 2014) and with correlational values found between seed electrons and ULF wave power for the same case events. Our results are indicative of the importance of incorporating data analysis tools that can quantify linear and non-linear interdependencies of various solar wind drivers.
N2 fixation in the Mediterranean Sea related to the composition of the diazotrophic community and impact of dust under present and future environmental conditions
Authors: Ridame Céline , Dinasquet Julie , Hallstrøm Søren , Bigeard Estelle , Riemann Lasse , Van Wambeke France , Bressac Matthieu , Pulido-Villena Elvira , Taillandier Vincent , Gazeau Fréderic , Tovar-Sanchez Antonio , Baudoux Anne-Claire , Guieu Cécile 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. N2 fixation rates were measured in the 0–1000 m layer at 13 stations located in the open western and central Mediterranean Sea
(MS) during the PEACETIME cruise (late spring 2017). While the spatial variability in N2 fixation was not related to Fe, P nor N stocks,
the surface composition of the diazotrophic community indicated a strong longitudinal gradient increasing eastward for the relative abundance of
non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) (mainly γ-Proteobacteria) and conversely decreasing eastward for photo-heterotrophic group A (UCYN-A) (mainly UCYN-A1 and UCYN-A3), as did
N2 fixation rates. UCYN-A4 and UCYN-A3 were identified for the first time in the MS. The westernmost station influenced by Atlantic waters
and characterized by highest stocks of N and P displayed a patchy distribution of diazotrophic activity with an exceptionally high rate in the
euphotic layer of 72.1 nmolNL-1d-1, which could support up to 19 % of primary production. At this station at
1 % PAR (photosynthetically available radiation) depth, UCYN-A4 represented up to 94 % of the diazotrophic community. These in situ observations of greater relative
abundance of UCYN-A at stations with higher nutrient concentrations and dominance of NCDs at more oligotrophic stations suggest that nutrient
conditions – even in the nanomolar range – may determine the composition of diazotrophic communities and in turn N2 fixation rates. The
impact of Saharan dust deposition on N2 fixation and diazotrophic communities was also investigated, under present and future projected
conditions of temperature and pH during short-term (3–4 d) experiments at three stations. New nutrients from simulated dust deposition
triggered a significant stimulation of N2 fixation (from 41 % to 565 %). The strongest increase in N2 fixation was
observed at the stations dominated by NCDs and did not lead on this short timescale to changes in the diazotrophic community composition. Under
projected future conditions, N2 fixation was either increased or unchanged; in that later case this was probably due to a too-low nutrient
bioavailability or an increased grazing pressure. The future warming and acidification likely benefited NCDs (Pseudomonas) and UCYN-A2, while
disadvantaged UCYN-A3 without knowing which effect (alone or in combination) is the driver, especially since we do not know the temperature optima
of these species not yet cultivated as well as the effect of acidification.
Ocular Ultrasound to detect raised intracranial pressure in non-traumatic emergencies in Emergency Department
Authors: Qamar Akhtar Mohammad , Goud Raghavendra , Mishra Pradeep , Reddy Saikiran , Argey Satish 
Published: January 2022

Background: Bedside optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is increasingly being used to monitor raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients coming to an emergency department. This study aims to measure the accuracy of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement by ultrasound as a non-invasive method for early detection of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients with non-traumatic emergencies presenting in emergency department settings, in comparison to CT/MRI brain scan findings of raised ICP. Methods: A total of 100 patients with non-traumatic emergencies suspected of raised ICP were seen in the emergency department. Bedside ONSD measurement was done within one hour of arrival. Patients underwent a CT/MRI brain scan within one hour of the ONSD in search of raised ICP. MS Excel spreadsheet was used for coding, SPSS v23 for data analysis, independent sample ‘t-test for group comparison, Wilcoxon test for non-normally distributed data, Chi-square test for group comparison for categorical data, Fischer's exact test for frequency < 5 and 25 % of the cells, Pearson's and Spearman's correlation for linear correlation and statistical significance were kept at p < 0.05. Results: Using a cut-off ONSD value (mm) of 6.3 mm, this study found a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 89.2%, PPV of 83.3%, NPV of 100%, and diagnostic accuracy of 93% for detection of raised ICP by bedside USG ONSD measurement compared to CT/MRI brain. Conclusions: The study shows that bedside ONSD measurement is a useful and acceptably reliable technique for detecting raised ICP of emergency department patients with non-traumatic emergencies and raised ICP.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat tentang Pencegahan Penggunaan Lem Aibon pada Remaja GKI Syaloom Klademak di Kelurahan Kofkerbu Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Remu Kota Sorong
Authors: Loihala Merry , Raka I Made 
Published: January 2022

Drug abuse, one of which is the use of glue, has been widely used by teenagers. In Indonesia,about 14,000 people out of 70 million teenagers aged 12-21 years have used drugs. The misuse of aibon glue in the West Papua Province is increasingly worrying, with the number of cases approaching 1,000. In Kofkerbu Village,there are about 32 teenagers who often do ngelem and there has never been any activity to deal with teenagers in preventing or eliminating the use of aibon. The results obtained after mentoring with education by PAM GKIYouth Syaloom Klademak there was 12 (38 %). Assistance for children who do glue activities is needed so that behavior changes can occur by stopping the use of aibon glue. This assistance requires the involvement of various elements, including the government, religious leaders and health officials.
Pengaruh Disiplin terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Ciptamega Infra Sarana di Jakarta
Authors: Muhaimin Abdul 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Ciptamega Infra Sarana di Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 65 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel disiplin diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,694 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 3,831 dengan kriteria baik. Disiplin berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 16,249 + 0,597X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,723 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 52,3%. Uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA ALFAMART DI BINTARO
Authors: Nufus Hayatun 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh iklim organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan pada Alfamart di Bintaro. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 57 responden. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini variabel iklim organisasi diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 5,726 dengan kriteria baik. Variabel kinerja karyawan diperoleh nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 5,779 dengan kriteria baik. Iklim organisasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan dengan nilai persamaan regresi Y = 17,765 + 0,699X, dan nilai koefisien korelasi 0,819 atau memiliki tingkat hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai determinasi 67,0%. Uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
Pengaruh Lokasi dan Promosi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Produk Manset Safety di Toko Tawakal Pondok Aren – Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Hulasoh Ela , Riki Riki 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Manset Safety di Toko Tawakkal Pondok Aren – Tangerang Selatan, untuk mengentahui seberapa besar pengaruh promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Manset Safety di Toko Tawakkal Pondok Aren – Tangerang Selatan, dan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh lokasi dan promosi terhadap terhadap keputusan pembelian pada produk Manset Safety di Toko Tawakkal Pondok Aren – Tangerang Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan asosiatif kuantitatif, digunakan accidental sampling dengan 89 responden sebagai sampel dari 776 populasi yang kemudian dianalisis pengaruhnya secara parsial dan simultan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi serta pengujian hipotesis dengan uji t dan uji f dan uji R2. Hasil penelitian variabel lokasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dimana diperoleh nilai t hitung > t table (2,608 < 1,988) dan sig < 0,05 (0,011 < 0,05). Promosi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dimana diperoleh nilai t hitung > t table (2,382 < 1,988) dan sig < 0,05 (0,019 > 0,05). Lokasi dan promosi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara silmultan terhadap keputusan pembelian, dimana diperoleh nilai f hitung > f table (5,085 < 3,11) dan sig > 0,05 (0,008 > 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara lokasi dan promosi terhadap keputusan pembelian.
High‐Strength and Injectable Supramolecular Hydrogel Self‐Assembled by Monomeric Nucleoside for Tooth‐Extraction Wound Healing
Authors: Wang Zheng , Zhang Yanan , Yin Yijia , Liu Jiang , Li Peiran , Zhao Yuxi , Bai Ding , Zhao Hang , Han Xianglong , Chen Qianming 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHydrogels with high mechanical strength and injectability have attracted extensive attention in biomedical and tissue engineering. However, endowing a hydrogel with both properties is challenging because they are generally inversely related. In this work, by constructing a multi‐hydrogen‐bonding system, a high‐strength and injectable supramolecular hydrogel is successfully fabricated. It is constructed by the self‐assembly of a monomeric nucleoside molecular gelator (2‐amino‐2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (2‐FA)) with distilled water/phosphate buffered saline as solvent. Its storage modulus reaches 1 MPa at a concentration of 5.0 wt%, which is the strongest supramolecular hydrogel comprising an ultralow‐molecular‐weight (MW < 300) gelator. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent shear‐thinning injectability, and completes the sol–gel transition in seconds after injection at 37 °C. The multi‐hydrogen‐bonding system is essentially based on the synergistic interactions between the double NH2 groups, water molecules, and 2′‐F atoms. Furthermore, the 2‐FA hydrogel exhibits excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. When applied to rat molar extraction sockets, compared to natural healing and the commercial hemorrhage agent gelatin sponge, the 2‐FA hydrogel exhibits faster degradation and induces less osteoclastic activity and inflammatory infiltration, resulting in more complete bone healing. In summary, this study provides ideas for proposing a multifunctional, high‐strength, and injectable supramolecular hydrogel for various biomedical engineering applications.
Thermodynamic equilibrium analysis on the dehydration of glycerol with monohydric alcohols to alkyl glyceryl ethers
Authors: Jia Guangxin , He Beibei , Li Yu , Liu Laishuan , Zhao Jiantao , Lv Baoliang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnder the conditions of the feed of 400 moles of alcohol + 100 moles of glycerol, 313–573 K and 0.1 MPa, based on Gibbs free energy global minimization, an improved genetic algorithm was used for the thermodynamic equilibrium analysis on the synthesis processes of alkyl glyceryl ethers, respectively, from methanol + glycerol, ethanol + glycerol, isobutanol + glycerol, and tert‐butanol + glycerol. The columnar stacking charts and three‐dimensional contour graphs were used to compare the effects of temperature, pressure, and the feed ratio to the equilibrium conversion, product selectivity, and equilibrium composition. The basic laws of the synthesis processes of alkyl glycerol ethers in homogeneous and heterogeneous states were investigated in a wide temperature range. Through comparison, it was found that the isopropanol + glycerol system is easier to convert into alkyl glycerol ethers, followed by the ethanol + glycerol system. The methanol + glycerol system and tert‐butanol + glycerol system are greatly affected by pressure and temperature, and their conversions and selectivities are relatively low.
Surgical versus medical management of infective endocarditis after TAVR
Authors: Bansal Agam , Jaber Wael A. , Reed Grant W. , Puri Rishi , Krishnaswamy Amar , Yun James , Unai Shinya , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe assessed the incidence of aortic valve surgery intervention in the treatment of infective endocarditis (IE) after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and compared the characteristics and outcomes of surgical intervention versus medical management alone in this cohort using a nationwide data set. We identified all the hospitalizations in patients undergoing TAVR who developed IE within 1‐year (i.e., early IE) of the procedure from 2014 to 2017 using the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD). The primary outcomes of the study were in‐hospital mortality. A total of 906 hospitalizations were identified for IE amongst the TAVR patients from 2014 to 2017 of which 20 (2.21%) underwent aortic valve surgery during the hospitalization. Patients undergoing surgery were younger, more likely to have Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis, cardiogenic shock, and acute kidney injury (AKI) during the hospitalization. There were no significant differences in in‐hospital mortality (9.9% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.824; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.26 (0.01–1.58), p = 0.223) and 30‐day readmissions. However, the length of stay and hospitalization costs were higher in surgical intervention group. The important predictors of in‐hospital mortality in TAVR‐related IE patients were dialysis during IE hospitalization, AKI, cardiogenic shock, Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis, stroke, and female sex. The utilization of surgical management for IE post‐TAVR during the index hospitalization is low, and there is no significant mortality benefit with surgical intervention as compared with the medical management.
Habitat management for stopover and breeding songbird communities along rights‐of‐way in forest‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Margenau Eric L. , Wood Petra B. , Rota Christopher T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe proliferation of energy rights‐of‐way (pipelines and powerlines; ROWs) in the central Appalachian region has prompted wildlife management agencies to consider ways to use these features to manage and conserve at‐risk songbird species. However, little empirical evidence exists regarding best management strategies to enhance habitat surrounding ROWs for the songbird community during stopover or breeding periods. We used a before–after–control–impact design to study cut‐back border (linear tree cuttings along abrupt forest edges) harvest width (15, 30, and 45 m wide into the forest), and harvest intensity (14 and 4.5 m2/ha basal area retention) prescriptions along ROWs and assessed their effects on mature forest and young forest songbird species and avian guilds (forest gap habitat, forest interior habitat, young forest habitat, and species of regional conservation priority) up to 2 years after treatment throughout West Virginia. Species richness during the spring stopover period initially decreased at the 1‐year post‐treatment period but returned to pre‐treatment levels by 2 years post‐treatment. Breeding season responses to cut‐back border treatments varied across harvest width, harvest intensity, and time, but all responses of focal species abundance and guild richness were neutral or positive. Cut‐back border harvest intensity had a stronger influence (i.e., more positive responses) than harvest width on breeding focal species abundances and guild richness. For harvest intensity, the more intense, 4.5 m2/ha retention treatment had a stronger influence (i.e., more positive responses) than the less intense, 14 m2/ha retention treatment. For harvest width, the narrowest treatment (15‐m wide) had the strongest influence (i.e., more positive responses) of all width treatments, followed by the widest (45‐m wide treatment) with the least influence from the 30‐m wide treatment. Abundances and richness increased from pre‐treatment to 2 years post‐treatment across all species and guilds that exhibited a response. These results suggest that cut‐back borders increase breeding season habitat suitability along ROWs for the mature forest and young forest songbird community as well as for species of regional conservation priority in the short‐term. These findings can aid the development of management guidelines for the forest songbird community along abrupt forest edges of man‐made habitat features in forest‐dominated landscapes.
The effect of aging out of the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program on food insecurity
Authors: Cho Seung Jin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) are designed to increase food security and reduce hunger for children from low‐income households. Since the cutoff age for WIC is five, and school enrollment is required for receiving free or reduced‐price NSLP, some children from low‐income households cannot receive both WIC and free or reduced‐price NSLP. Using data from the Current Population Survey, the partial identification method developed in this paper addresses the problems of self‐selection into WIC and systematic underreporting of program participation. Due to this loophole in food assistance programs for children, aging out of WIC is found to increase child food insecurity by at least 1.1 percentage points. This result indicates that the prevalence of child food insecurity would decline by 15% if WIC extended its cutoff age until children enroll in kindergarten.
Diffused reflectance measurements to detect tattoo ink location in skin using the crossover point
Authors: Rudraiah Pavitra Sokke , Duadi Hamootal , Fixler Dror 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTattoos are highly trendy in western culture, but many people regret their tattoos for many reasons. It is essential to be aware of the ink location in advance to reduce the long and short‐term side effects. In this study, diffuse reflectance (DR) experiments were conducted on two‐layer (2L) tissue‐mimicking phantoms, where ink was sandwiched between the layers. An appreciable difference in the DR profile was found between the 2L phantom with and without the tattoo ink using the crossover point (Cp) method. Our technique was applied to ex vivo porcine skin. A point of intersection was found, between the skin and the tattooed skin. In the shorter wavelengths (500‐600 nm), a distinguishable 2L behavior was found, and in longer wavelengths (600‐850 nm), a single layer behavior was found between the tattooed skin before and after the intersection. In biological tissue, this Cp indeed finds the tattoo ink without harm to the surrounding skin.
The effect of transportation vibration on the microbiological status of bottled mineral water
Authors: Tihanyi‐Kovács Renáta , Böröcz Péter , Ásványi Balázs 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobiological status and stability are important in mineral waters because of increased global demand. An increase in distribution and supply chains has led to prolonged periods of transportation, causing microbiological changes. Therefore, this study examines the effect of vibration on mineral water quality. Freshly bottled and previously sterilized mineral waters inoculated with microbes isolated from freshly bottled water were tested. The water samples were exposed to random vibration using ASTM (D4169) truck level I, II and III standard vibration protocol for truck transportation at 4 × 1 h at 22 ± 1 °C. After agitation their microbiological status was determined.RESULTSUnder the influence of low‐intensity mechanical impact, the growth rate of autochthonous species in the freshly bottled natural mineral water tripled (μcontrol = 0.036 h−1, μvibrated = 0.093 h−1) and that of allochthonous species doubled (μcontrol = 0.035 h−1, μvibrated = 0.069 h−1). The latter was also observed in the case of high‐intensity vibration (μcontrol = 0.102 h−1, μvibrated = 0.200 h−1). The effect of the medium intensity of the standard was manifested in the delay in microbial growth.CONCLUSIONThe impact of transportation vibrations on microbiological status changes in mineral water could be observed when subjected to vibration. The native and allochthonous species of mineral water respond differently to changes in intensity. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.