bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Effects of Surgical Reconstruction for Flexible Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Estes William , Syal Amit , Latt L. Daniel 
Published: December 2022

Background Symptomatic progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) is frequently treated with reconstructive surgery. Multiple studies have documented successful treatment based on improvements in symptoms and physical examination findings. However, it is not well-established whether there are corresponding improvements in gait function following surgical treatment for PCFD. Methods A systematic review of biomechanical outcomes of treatments for flexible PCFD was conducted on PubMed. The 4 articles chosen involved patients with symptomatic flexible PCFD who underwent a reconstructive surgery. Surgical interventions included osteotomy, tendon transfer, and/or ligament repair or reconstruction. Primary outcomes involved objective quantifiable measurements of kinematic, kinetic, or temporospatial parameters. Results The initial search yielded 605 articles, from which 26 were retained after screening the title and abstract. Twenty-two were eliminated yielding 4 articles. Temporospatial, kinematic, and kinetic parameters were all altered after the patients underwent surgical intervention. Specifically, stride length, cadence, and walking speed all improved postoperatively. Walking kinetics also improved with restoration of normal motion in the frontal and sagittal planes and improvements in the dorsiflexion angle. There were also improvements in sagittal power. Discussion Surgical intervention to treat flexible PCFD improves objective biomechanical outcomes; however, more follow-up studies are needed to establish the reliability and durability of these improvements. Level of Evidence: Level III: Systematic review
Healthcare-seeking delay during COVID-19 pandemic among tuberculosis patients in Ilubabor zone health facilities, south-west Ethiopia
Authors: Feyisa Jira Wakoya , Kitila Keno Melkamu , Lemu Jiregna Chalchisa , Hunde Megersa Dinku , Hunde Aboma Diriba 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Fear of COVID-19 makes tuberculosis (TB) patients seek health care after complications of the case. This can be the reason for serious illness, increased length of infectiousness, poor treatment outcomes, and economic crisis for families and the health system. Despite this, no study has been conducted in Ethiopia and in other African countries with the factor “fear of COVID-19.” Identified preventable factor and other covariates are used to reduce the healthcare-seeking delay. Objective: This study assessed the association of fear of COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients in Ilu Ababor Zone health facilities, south-western Ethiopia. Methods and materials: A health institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among TB patients from October 15, 2020, to March 1, 2021. Using a systematic sampling method, 403 TB patients were selected for face-to-face interviews. The association of fear of getting COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay was assessed by a chi-square test. Variables with a p-value <0.25 in the bi-variable binary logistic regression were entered into the multivariable binary logistic regression model. The level of statistical significance in multivariable binary logistic regression was declared at a p-value <0.05. Result: In this study, the proportion of patient healthcare-seeking delay was 46.7%. Chi-square test of the association of fear of COVID-19 with healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients showed a significant association ( p-value = 0.042). After controlling for covariates, patients living in rural area (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.437, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.385–4.286), patients with poor knowledge (AOR = 3.300, 95% CI: 1.792–6.078), earning monthly income <200 Ethiopian birr (ETB) (AOR = 3.912 95% CI: 1.951–7.841), traveling greater than 30 min (AOR = 2.127, 95% CI: 1.301–3.476), and fear of COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 3.124, 95% CI: 1.029–9.479) were significantly associated with patient healthcare-seeking delay. Conclusion: The study found that healthcare-seeking delay among TB patients was substantial. Patient healthcare-seeking delay was significantly associated with fear of COVID-19.
Enhancing Student Authorship and Broadening Personal Latitude in the Mathematics Classroom With Rich Dialogic Discourse
Authors: Cheng (郑永健) Wing Kin , Ng (吴蔼蓝) Oi-Lam , Ni (倪玉菁) Yujing 
Published: December 2022

Purpose In this article, we explore how student authorship may be enhanced among learners in mathematics classrooms in a Hong Kong primary school through rich dialogue discourse. Design/Approach/Methods Using qualitative methods, that is, coding and discourse analysis, we examine the relationship between student authorship and personal latitude through a case study of two Grade 4 mathematics lessons taught by two primary mathematics teachers, respectively. Findings We discuss the study's findings in relation to how teachers can engage themselves and their students in dialogic discourse to offer student choices and opportunities and generate original voices. Originality/Value Personal latitude was found when the students were given the choice to use their original voices. The learners assumed the role of author; consequently, authorship was enhanced in ensuing rich dialogic discourse.
The effect and safety of periarticular multimodal drug injection without morphine and epinephrine in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Han Changhun , Hashimoto Yusuke , Nakagawa Sunao , Takahashi Shinji , Nishida Yohei , Yamasaki Shinya , Takigami Junsei , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: December 2022

Background Periarticular multimodal drug injection (PMDI) is a safe and effective pain management technique after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, adding morphine and epinephrine sometimes causes adverse effects. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of PMDI without morphine and epinephrine after ACLR. Methods This retrospective matched case-control study included patients who had undergone primary double-bundle ACLR with PMDI and were then matched one-to-one with a control group without PMDI based on sex, age, and body mass index using propensity-matched analysis. The following clinical outcomes were compared between the groups: visual analog scale (VAS) score, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, number of times the patients used additional analgesics, complication rate, and postoperative time to achieve straight leg raise (SLR). Results Twenty-nine patients with PMDI and 29 controls were enrolled. The VAS score at 1 day postoperatively was lower in the PMDI than the control group (1.93  ±  1.44 vs. 3.41  ±  1.75, respectively; P < 0.001). The CRP concentration at 1 and 3 days was lower in the PMDI than the control group (0.46  ±  0.47 vs. 1.00  ±  0.69 mg/dL, P < 0.001; and 1.93  ±  1.71 vs. 4.01  ±  2.55 mg/dL, P < 0.001, respectively). The average number of additional analgesics used was significantly lower in the PMDI than the control group. There were no significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of postoperative complications between the two groups. The number of patients who could achieve SLR within 1 day was 27/29 (93%) in PMDI group, which was significantly higher than the control group (12/29, 41%) ( P < 0.001). Conclusion PMDI without morphine and epinephrine after ACLR reduced patients’ subjective pain level, objective inflammatory response without complications and enabled patients to achieve early functional recovery.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis: case report and literature review
Authors: Alam Vardah , Nanzer Alexandra M. 
Published: December 2022

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), previously known as Churg–Strauss syndrome, is a multisystem disorder characterised by asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia and small-vessel vasculitis. Eosinophilic tissue infiltration and extravascular granuloma formation can lead to damage in any organ, but it is classically seen to cause pulmonary infiltrates, sino-nasal disease, peripheral neuropathy, renal and cardiac involvement, and rashes.EGPA is part of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis syndromes, with the antibody being detected in ∼30–40% of cases and mostly against myeloperoxidase. Two genetically and clinically distinct phenotypes, defined by the presence or absence of ANCA have been identified. Treatment for EGPA focuses on inducing and maintaining disease remission. To date, oral corticosteroids remain first-line agents whilst second-line treatments include immunosuppressants such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil. However, long-term steroid usage results in multiple and well-known adverse health effects and new insights into the pathophysiology of EGPA have allowed for the development of targeted biologic therapies, like the anti-eosinophilic, anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibodies.
Cell size, body size and Peto’s paradox
Authors: Maciak Sebastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarcinogenesis is one of the leading health concerns afflicting presumably every single animal species, including humans. Currently, cancer research expands considerably beyond medicine, becoming a focus in other branches of natural science. Accumulating evidence suggests that a proportional scale of tumor deaths involves domestic and wild animals and poses economical or conservation threats to many species. Therefore, understanding the genetic and physiological mechanisms of cancer initiation and its progression is essential for our future action and contingent prevention. From this perspective, I used an evolutionary-based approach to re-evaluate the baseline for debate around Peto’s paradox. First, I review the background of information on which current understanding of Peto’s paradox and evolutionary concept of carcinogenesis have been founded. The weak points and limitations of theoretical modeling or indirect reasoning in studies based on intraspecific, comparative studies of carcinogenesis are highlighted. This is then followed by detail discussion of an effect of the body mass in cancer research and the importance of cell size in consideration of body architecture; also, I note to the ambiguity around cell size invariance hypothesis and hard data for variability of cell size across species are provided. Finally, I point to the new research area that is driving concepts to identify exact molecular mechanisms promoting the process of tumorigenesis, which in turn may provide a proximate explanation of Peto’s paradox. The novelty of the approach proposed therein lies in intraspecies testing of the effect of differentiation of cell size/number on the probability of carcinogenesis while controlling for the confounding effect of body mass/size.
Identification and characterization of non-coding RNA networks in infected macrophages revealing the pathogenesis of F. nucleatum-associated diseases
Authors: Zhou Jieyu , Liu Lin , Wu Peiyao , Zhao Lei , Wu Yafei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundF. nucleatum, as an important periodontal pathogen, is not only closely associated with the development of periodontitis, but also implicated in systemic diseases. Macrophages may act as an important mediator in the pathogenic process ofF. nucleatuminfection. As non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have attracted extensive attention as important epigenetic regulatory mechanisms recently, we focus on the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks to elucidate the pathogenesis ofF. nucleatum-associated diseases.ResultsWe screen abnormally expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in macrophages afterF. nucleatuminfection via the whole transcriptome sequencing technology, including 375 mRNAs, 5 miRNAs, 64 lncRNAs, and 180 circRNAs. The accuracy of RNA-seq and microRNA-seq result was further verified by qRT-PCR analysis. GO and KEGG analysis show that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in MAPK pathway, Toll-like receptor pathway, NF-κB pathway and apoptosis. KEGG disease analysis reveals that they were closely involved in immune system diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) et al. We constructed the underlying lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks to understand their interaction based on the correlation analysis between the differentially expressed RNAs, and then screen the core non-coding RNAs. In which, AKT2 is controlled by hsa_circ_0078617, hsa_circ_0069227, hsa_circ_0084089, lncRNA NUP210, lncRNA ABCB9, lncRNA DIXDC1, lncRNA ATXN1 and lncRNA XLOC_237387 through miR-150-5p; hsa_circ_0001165, hsa_circ_0008460, hsa_circ_0001118, lncRNA XLOC_237387 and lncRNA ATXN1 were identified as the ceRNAs of hsa-miR-146a-3p and thereby indirectly modulating the expression of MITF.ConclusionsOur data identified promising candidate ncRNAs responsible for regulating immune response in theF. nucleatum-associated diseases, offering new insights regarding the pathogenic mechanism of this pathogen.
Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) and genome prediction of seedling salt tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Javid Saeideh , Bihamta Mohammad Reza , Omidi Mansour , Abbasi Ali Reza , Alipour Hadi , Ingvarsson Pär K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Salinity tolerance in wheat is imperative for improving crop genetic capacity in response to the expanding phenomenon of soil salinization. However, little is known about the genetic foundation underlying salinity tolerance at the seedling growth stage of wheat. Herein, a GWAS analysis was carried out by the random-SNP-effect mixed linear model (mrMLM) multi-locus model to uncover candidate genes responsible for salt tolerance at the seedling stage in 298 Iranian bread wheat accessions, including 208 landraces and 90 cultivars.

Results
A total of 29 functional marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected under salinity, 100 mM NaCl (sodium chloride). Of these, seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including rs54146, rs257, rs37983, rs18682, rs55629, rs15183, and rs63185 with R2 ≥ 10% were found to be linked with relative water content, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root volume, shoot high, proline, and shoot potassium (K+), respectively. Further, a total of 27 candidate genes were functionally annotated to be involved in response to the saline environment. Most of these genes have key roles in photosynthesis, response to abscisic acid, cell redox homeostasis, sucrose and carbohydrate metabolism, ubiquitination, transmembrane transport, chromatin silencing, and some genes harbored unknown functions that all together may respond to salinity as a complex network. For genomic prediction (GP), the genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model reflected genetic effects better than both bayesian ridge regression (BRR) and ridge regression-best linear unbiased prediction (RRBLUP), suggesting GBLUP as a favorable tool for wheat genomic selection.

Conclusion
The SNPs and candidate genes identified in the current work can be used potentially for developing salt-tolerant varieties at the seedling growth stage by marker-assisted selection.
Comparison of epicardial adipose tissue volume quantification between ECG-gated cardiac and non-ECG-gated chest computed tomography scans
Authors: Xu Yuancheng , Hrybouski Stanislau , Paterson D. Ian , Li Zhiyang , Lan Yulong , Luo Lin , Shen Xinping , Xu Lingyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This study investigated accuracy and consistency of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) quantification in non-ECG-gated chest computed tomography (CT) scans.

Methods
EAT volume was semi-automatically quantified using a standard Hounsfield unit threshold (− 190, − 30) in three independent cohorts: (1) Cohort 1 (N = 49): paired 120 kVp ECG-gated cardiac non-contrast CT (NCCT) and 120 kVp non-ECG-gated chest NCCT; (2) Cohort 2 (N = 34): paired 120 kVp cardiac NCCT and 100 kVp non-ECG-gated chest NCCT; (3) Cohort 3 (N = 32): paired non-ECG-gated chest NCCT and chest contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) datasets (including arterial phase and venous phase). Images were reconstructed with the slice thicknesses of 1.25 mm and 5 mm in the chest CT datasets, and 3 mm in the cardiac NCCT datasets.

Results
In Cohort 1, the chest NCCT-1.25 mm EAT volume was similar to the cardiac NCCT EAT volume, while chest NCCT-5 mm underestimated the EAT volume by 7.5%. In Cohort 2, 100 kVp chest NCCT-1.25 mm were 13.2% larger than 120 kVp cardiac NCCT EAT volumes. In Cohort 3, the chest arterial CECT and venous CECT dataset underestimated EAT volumes by ~ 28% and ~ 18%, relative to chest NCCT datasets. All chest CT-derived EAT volumes were similarly associated with significant coronary atherosclerosis with cardiac CT counterparts.

Conclusion
The 120 kVp non-ECG-gated chest NCCT-1.25 mm images produced EAT volumes comparable to cardiac NCCT. Chest CT EAT volumes derived from consistent imaging settings are excellent alternatives to the cardiac NCCT to investigate their association with coronary artery disease.
Length of stay in the emergency department and its associated factors among pediatric patients attending Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Southern, Ethiopia
Authors: Negasi Kiberealeme Bisete , Tefera Gonete Almaz , Getachew Migbaru , Assimamaw Nega Tezera , Terefe Bewuketu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGlobally, there is an increase in the need for emergency department visits, which is exceptionally high in pediatric patients, resulting in longer lengths of stay, which is a global challenge and a hospital bottleneck that increases the risk of patient morbidity and mortality while also lowering satisfaction.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the length of stay and associated factors in the pediatric emergency department at Wolaita Sodo University Hospital in 2021.MethodsAn institution-based cross-sectional investigation was undertaken from March 15 to May 15, 2021. The 422 study participants were chosen using a systematic sampling procedure. The data were collected using semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires and chart reviews. Epi Data version 4.6 was used to enter the data, while SPSS version 26 was used to analyze it. With a 95% confidence interval, descriptive statistics were used to describe the prevalence, pediatrics, and emergency department duration of stay. The factors related to the length of stay were identified using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. On the AOR, a significant level was proclaimed when thep-value was less than 0.05, and the confidence interval was less than 95%.ResultsThe proportion of prolonged pediatric emergency department length of stay was 79.70% (95% CI; 75.7, 83.6). Nighttime arrival [AOR = 3.19, 95% CI (1.14, 8.98)], weekend arrival [AOR = 4.25, 95% CI (1.49, 5.35)], not receiving ordered medication in the hospital [AOR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.04, 4.03)], orange triage category [AOR = 4.01, 95% CI (1.60, 10.05)], and duration of pain 13–24 h [AOR = 0.29, 95% CI (0.89,0.98)], were significantly associated with length of stay.ConclusionThe percentage of children who stayed in the pediatric emergency department for an extended period was high. Policymakers should implement evidence-based care, maximize existing resources, provide equal access to care and high-quality care, and make pediatric emergency departments more accessible and operationally efficient.
An observational study of the factors associated with frequency of outpatient benzodiazepine prescribing to patients receiving chronic opioid analgesic therapy in primary care at a major academic center
Authors: Koch Nancy V. , Butterfield Richard J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrescribing benzodiazepines to patients taking chronic opioid analgesic therapy increases risks of adverse events. In 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended avoidance of benzodiazepine prescribing concurrently with opioids, and various organizations have instituted similar guidelines. We aimed to determine the frequency and patterns of benzodiazepine prescribing at Mayo Clinic primary care (Community Internal Medicine, Family Medicine) clinics for patients taking chronic opioid analgesic therapy and the characteristics of patients receiving the prescriptions and providers administering them.MethodsThis retrospective observational study included adult patients taking chronic opioid analgesic therapy for 2 full years in 2018 and 2019 at Mayo Clinic primary care practices in Arizona and Florida. We assessed electronic health records for these individual patients to determine whether they received a benzodiazepine prescription during the study period and how frequently they received a prescription. Variations in prescriptions by provider specialty, location, and sex were studied. Documented data included receipt of a benzodiazepine prescription by patients with at-risk alcohol use or alcohol use disorder, depression, anxiety, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, falls, and psychiatric referral. Data were compared between patients who received benzodiazepines and those who did not with the Kruskal-Wallis test or χ2test, and the Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to assess whether the change in number of benzodiazepine prescriptions (2018 vs. 2019) was different from zero.ResultsStudy participants (N = 457) were predominantly women (n = 266, 58.2%); median age was 69 years. In total, 148 patients (32.4%) received benzodiazepine prescription. These patients were more likely to be women (P = .046) and younger (P = .02). Mean percentage change was 176.9% (P < .001) in number of benzodiazepine prescriptions provided from 2018 to 2019. Frequency of referral to mental health providers was low, as was presence of an established mental health provider despite a greater prevalence of anxiety (P < .001) and depression (P = .001) among patients receiving benzodiazepines.ConclusionBenzodiazepine prescription to individual patients taking chronic opioid analgesic therapy significantly increased from 2018 to 2019 despite the documented risks and harms associated with such practice. No statistically significant difference was observed in frequency of benzodiazepine prescriptions between practice location, sex of provider, or specialty.