bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auxilliary Liver Transplantation According to the RAPID Procedure in Noncirrhotic Patients
Authors: Settmacher Utz , Ali-Deeb Aladdin , Coubeau Laurent , Cillo Umberto , Line Pål-Dag , Guba Markus , Nadalin Silvio , Rauchfuß Falk 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
To present technical details and short-term experiences of liver transplantation as a 2-stage procedure using small for size grafts in a multicenter cohort study.

Background:
Two-stage liver transplantation using small for size grafts should be a feasible procedure with lower morbidity and mortality rates. Retrospective cohort study between 2015 and 2022 with multicenter experience. Twenty-three resection and partial liver transplantation with delayed total hepatectomy procedures for noncirrhotic indications were performed in 6 European centers (20 with grafts from living donors and 3 after deceased donation). Procedure’s feasibility, graft volumetric changes, morbidity, and mortality of donor and recipient were explored.

Results:
There was a low donor morbidity (4.3%) in our cohort. Hypertrophy of the graft was rapid (mean graft volume increases 107% between both stages) and offered the opportunity for remnant hepatectomy after a median of 14 days. In all cases, portomesenteric flow was routed to the graft by right remnant portal vein ligation. Portal vein inflow modulation to alleviate transient harmful portal hypertension was not needed in any case. Early postoperative mortality (4.3%) of the recipients were low. Ten patients suffered from complications ≥IIIb according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Conclusions:
Two-stage liver transplantation is a feasible option for noncirrhotic patients allowing the safe use of small for size grafts and could possibly be extended with caution to liver diseases with portal hypertension and cirrhosis. The resection and partial liver transplantation with delayed total hepatectomy technique might be a viable option for expanding the donor pool given the current organ shortage especially for low–model of end stage liver disease patients.
Prevent postoperative urinary retention in day surgery adult patients: evidence-based quality improvement project
Authors: Eddie Cristie Subang , Norzan Mohamad Norisham Bin , Mustafa Anith Al Bakri , Ong Shu Jie , Chan Jiah Hui , Bation Jeanibeth Molde , Owe Sze Ling , Goh Mien Li 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction and aims:
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a complication that often leads to adverse outcomes and prolonged hospital stay if treatment is delayed. The aim of this project was to improve the competence of nurses in the provision of preoperative POUR education and ensure all patients received preoperative POUR education, and hence reduce the incidence of POUR.

Methods:
The evidence-based quality improvement project utilized JBI's Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice module, adopting two POUR best practice recommendations and two audit criteria. The first criterion was for nurses to conduct preoperative education on POUR and the second criterion was to initiate early ambulation of postoperative patients. The project was implemented in three phases from June 2019 to August 2020 in short-stayer and day surgery wards.

Results:
Criteria 1 and 2 revealed low compliance of 0 and 30%, respectively, during preimplementation audit. There were significant improvements in the first and second cycles of postimplementation audit for both criteria 1 and 2. Our results indicated that most of the patients who were ambulated early were able to void urine. However, there were a few incidents of urinary retention reported despite early ambulation. Following the audit of the third cycle of postimplementation, the compliance for both criteria were found to be satisfactory (criteria 1: 87%, criteria 2: 82%).

Conclusion:
The implementation of the evidence-based quality improvement project reduced the incidence of POUR. A standardized management would enable nurses to provide consistency in care and effective management and hence prevent the occurrence of POUR.
Performance Assessment of an Ultraviolet Light Emitting Semi-Conductor Device in Treating Apple Juice: Microbial Inactivation and Biochemical Assessment Study
Authors: Akwu Anita Scales , Patras Ankit , Pendyala Brahmiah , Kurup Anjali , Chen Fur-Chi , Vergne Matthew J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInactivation ofListeria monocytogenesATCC 19115 andSalmonella entericaserovar Muenchen ATCC BAA 1764 by a light emitting diodes (LED) operating at 279 nm was investigated. In addition, this investigation assessed the poly-phenolic and vitamin content of UV irradiated apple juice (AJ). Specific concentrations of bacteria were inoculated in AJ and irradiated at the designated UV doses of 0 to 10 mJ·cm-2forSalmonellaMuenchen and 0 to 12 mJ·cm-2forListeria monocytogenes.Results show that UV-C irradiation effectively inactivated pathogenic microbes in AJ. The log reduction kinetics of microorganisms followed log-linear and with higher R2(>0.95). The D10values of 3.50 and 3.56 mJ·cm-2were obtained from the inactivation ofSalmonellaMuenchen, andListeria monocytogenesin apple juice. In addition, quantifiable UV-C doses ranging from 0 to 160 mJ·cm-2were also delivered to AJ and polyphenols and vitamins were profiled. LC-MS/MS analysis was conducted to assess the stability of polyphenols or vitamins in UV-C exposed AJ. The polyphenol and vitamin results demonstrated that UV-C irradiation in AJ can cause significant reductions (p<0.05) if not properly delivered. Chlorogenic acid was reduced to 56%, at 80 mJ/cm2whereas 12% reduction was observed at 40 mJ/cm2. Choline was observed to be relatively stable as a function of UV-C dosage. In contrast thiamine was significantly reduced at higher doses. In addition, Epicatechin was significantly reduced at high exposure doses. In contrast minor changes were observed at 40 mJ/cm2. The results from this study imply that adequate log reduction of pathogens is achievable in AJ and suggest significant potential of using LED devices for UV-C treatment of highly turbid fluids.
Evaluating an epidemiologically motivated surrogate model of a multi-model ensemble
Authors: Abbott Sam , Sherratt Katharine , Bosse Nikos , Gruson Hugo , Bracher Johannes , Funk Sebastian 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTMulti-model and multi-team ensemble forecasts have become widely used to generate reliable short-term predictions of infectious disease spread. Notably, various public health agencies have used them to leverage academic disease modelling during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, ensemble forecasts are difficult to interpret and require extensive effort from numerous participating groups as well as a coordination team. In other fields, resource usage has been reduced by training simplified models that reproduce some of the observed behaviour of more complex models. Here we used observations of the behaviour of the European COVID-19 Forecast Hub ensemble combined with our own forecasting experience to identify a set of properties present in current ensemble forecasts. We then developed a parsimonious forecast model intending to mirror these properties. We assess forecasts generated from this model in real time over six months (the 15th of January 2022 to the 19th of July 2022) and for multiple European countries. We focused on forecasts of cases one to four weeks ahead and compared them to those by the European forecast hub ensemble. We find that the surrogate model behaves qualitatively similarly to the ensemble in many instances, though with increased uncertainty and poorer performance around periods of peak incidence (as measured by the Weighted Interval Score). The performance differences, however, seem to be partially due to a subset of time points, and the proposed model appears better probabilistically calibrated than the ensemble. We conclude that our simplified forecast model may have captured some of the dynamics of the hub ensemble, but more work is needed to understand the implicit epidemiological model that it represents.
Validation of a male-specific DNA marker confirms XX/XY-type sex determination in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Balogh Réka Enikő , Csorbai Balázs , Guti Csaba , Keszte Szilvia , Urbányi Béla , Orbán László , Kovács Balázs 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAfrican catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a promising food fish species with significant potential and growing mass of production in freshwater aquaculture. Male African catfish possess improved production characteristics over females, therefore the use of monosex populations could be advantageous for aquaculture production. However, our knowledge about the sex determination mechanism of this species is still limited and controversial. A previously isolated male-specific DNA marker (CgaY1) was validated using offspring groups from targeted crosses (n=630) and it was found to predict the sex of 608 individuals correctly (96.43% accuracy). Using the proportion of recombinants, we estimated the average genetic distance between the potential sex determination locus and the sex-specific marker to be 2.69 cM. As an earlier study suggested that both XX/XY and ZZ/ZW systems coexist in this species, we tested the applicability of their putative ‘moderately sex-linked loci’ and found that no sex-specific amplification could be detected for any of them. In addition, temperature-induced masculinization suggested by others was also tested, but no such effect was detected in our stocks when the published parameters were used for heat treatment. Altogether, our results support an exclusive XX/XY sex determination system in our African catfish stock and indicate a good potential for the future use of this male-specific DNA marker in research and commercial production.
A novel pH-sensitive reporter reveals the cocaine-regulated trafficking of dopamine transporters in neuronal processes
Authors: Saenz Jacqueline , Yao Oscar , Aggarwal Meha , Zhou Xiaofeng , Barker David J. , DiCicco-Bloom Emanuel , Pan Ping-Yue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe dopamine transporter (DAT) mediated DA reuptake is a major molecular mechanism for termination of dopaminergic signaling in the brain. Psychoactive substances such as cocaine act by inhibition of plasma membrane DAT function as well as by altering its expression. The precise manner and mechanism by which cocaine regulates DAT trafficking, especially at neuronal processes, are poorly understood. We have now engineered a novel pH-sensitive reporter for DAT by conjugating pHluorin to the second exofacial loop of human DAT. We show that DAT-pHluorin can be used to study DAT localization and its dynamic trafficking at neuronal processes. Using DAT-pHluorin we show that unlike neuronal soma and dendrites, which contain majority of the DATs in weakly acidic intracellular compartments, axonal DATs at both shafts and boutons are primarily (75%) localized to the plasma membrane, while varicosities contain abundant intracellular DAT within acidic intracellular structures. Using this novel reporter, we show, for the first time, that cocaine exposure leads to a brief DAT internalization followed by membrane reinsertion that lasts for days. We further show that the cocaine-induced DAT trafficking is sensitive to the activities of Synaptojanin1 phosphatase. Thus, our study using the newly engineered DAT optical reporter reveals the previously unknown dynamics and molecular regulation for cocaine-regulated DAT trafficking in neuronal processes.
Development of novel cytoprotective small compounds inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptosis
Authors: Matsuyama Mieko , Ortega Joseph T. , Fedorov Yuri , Scott-McKean Jonah , Muller-Greven Jeannie , Buck Matthias , Adams Drew , Jastrzebska Beata , Greenlee William , Matsuyama Shigemi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe identified cyto-protective small molecules (CSMs) by a cell-based high-throughput screening of Bax inhibitors. Through a medicinal chemistry program, M109S was developed, which is orally bioactive and penetrates the blood-brain/retina barriers. M109S protected retinal cells in the mouse models of Stargardt disease and macular degeneration. M109S directly interacted with Bax and inhibited the conformational change and mitochondrial translocation of Bax. M109S inhibited ABT-737-induced apoptosis both in Bax-only and Bak-only MEFs. M109S also inhibited apoptosis induced by staurosporine (mouse embryonic fibroblasts), etoposide (Neuro2a cells), and obatoclax (ARPE19 cells). M109S is a novel small molecule protecting cells from mitochondria-dependent apoptosis bothin vitroandin vivo. M109S has the potential to become a new research tool for studying cell death mechanisms and to develop therapeutics targeting mitochondria-dependent cell death pathway. (128words)
Making programming part of teachers' everyday life – Programming affordances and constraints for K-12 mathematics and technology
Authors: Humble Niklas , Mozelius Peter 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe conducted examination of programming affordances and constraints had the purpose of adding knowledge and value that facilitate the on-going national curricula revision; knowledge that also could be of general interest outside the Swedish K-12 context.Design/methodology/approachWith a qualitative approach, the study was conducted as a document analysis where submitted lesson plans were the base for a directed content analysis.FindingsThis study presents findings on how the involvement of programming in mathematics and technology have potential to foster engagement and motivation among students. Findings also indicate that the implementation of programming can develop important general skills that go beyond the boundaries of mathematics and technology. Moreover, the identified constraints could be valuable to improve the on-going curriculum development for K-12 mathematics and technology.Research limitations/implicationsThis qualitative study was conducted on a relatively small number of teachers where the majority has taken the courses on a voluntary basis. An important complement would be to conduct a larger quantitative study with data from a more general sample of K-12 teachers.Practical implicationsResults and discussions provide guidance for K-12 teachers and other stakeholders who want to introduce programming as a complementary tool in teaching and learning activities.Social implicationsThe study has a contribution to the on-going implementation of the Swedish national curricula for K-12 mathematics and technology.Originality/valueDuring the last years, many studies have been published on teacher training in programming, and how the training can be improved. This study goes beyond the actual teacher training and examine aspects teachers translate to theirs daily work after completing the training.
Teachers' perceived sense of well-being through the lens of mattering: reclaiming the sense of community
Authors: Barrenechea Ignacio 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe concept of well-being has gained attention in the educational literature over time. Teachers around the globe are leaving the profession because they see their well-being being turned into ashes. Teachers' loss of well-being affects them and other actors of the educational system. The purpose of this paper is to look at teachers' sense of well-being through the lens of the construct of mattering.Design/methodology/approachTwenty-one South American Elementary Level teachers were interviewed for this qualitative study.FindingsThe paper's results suggest that teachers have experienced a loss of their sense of mattering—this sense of mattering impacts their overall level of well-being. If teachers do not feel valued or feel that they cannot add value, they will not function healthily. The author proposes that to regain their sense of mattering and increase their sense of well-being, teachers need to develop a sense of community further.Originality/valueThis paper seeks to look at the meta-construct from a more microscopic lens. Therefore, given the elusive nature of well-being, the purpose of this paper is to investigate well-being through the lens of mattering. In this paper, using the lens of mattering helps us focus on work-related manifestations of teachers' well-being in teachers working in elementary schools. Even though there are some empirical studies that have investigated the construct of mattering in educational settings, this author is not aware of empirical studies that have specifically focused on the documentation of teachers' perceived sense of mattering.
The political participation of local citizen in the elections of local leaders in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thuy Ngan , Nguyen Thi Phuong 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study aims to identify the level of political participation of local citizen in 208 districts representing for 63 provinces and cities in Vietnam and consider the effects of candidate's attributes, local political contextual factors and other local citizen’s demographic characteristics on the elections of local leaders in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachBy using Probit model and data about provincial governance and public administration performance index and self-survey about local leaders in the districts, this paper shows the different effects of candidates’ attributes, local political context and other local citizen’s characteristics on the first and second elections of local leaders in Vietnam.FindingsThe result indicates the probability of candidates being elected in the first term depends on their characteristics, local political context and local citizen. However, the reelection of local leaders for a second term depends much on their characteristics and local political context not on demographic characteristics of local citizen. The satisfaction rate of local citizen and being an incumbent for the first term are driving forces for the local citizen to elect their leader for the second term. Meanwhile, local political context such as local transparency, local official development assistance project and citizen satisfaction will increase the likelihood of local leaders being elected for the first and second terms.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation of this study is the data of the self-survey because it only provides basic but not complete characteristics of candidates and local contexts in some typical districts in 63 provinces and cities across the country.Practical implicationsThis paper includes policy implications for candidates who want to be elected for both terms and local governance in Vietnam. The government needs to focus on building human resources for local administration to meet the requirements of building a clean, strong, modern and anticorruption administrative system.Originality/valueThis paper extends the analysis on examining the characteristics of candidates and local citizen as well as local political context influencing the elections of local leaders, getting involved in the Vietnam context, still underresearched, especially with reference to political participation of local citizen.
High‐efficiency and high‐precision seismic trace interpolation for irregularly spatial sampled data by combining an extreme gradient boosting decision tree and principal component analysis
Authors: Wu Shuliang , Wang Benfeng , Zhao Luanxiao , Liu Huaishan , Geng Jianhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn seismic data acquisition, because of several factors, such as surface barriers, receiver failure, noise contamination and budget control, seismic records often exhibit irregular sampling in the space domain. As corrupted seismic records have a negative effect on seismic migration, inversion and interpretation, seismic trace interpolation is a key step in seismic data pre‐processing. In this paper, we propose a high‐efficiency and high‐precision seismic trace interpolation method for irregularly spatially sampled data by combining an extreme gradient boosting decision tree and principal component analysis in a semi‐supervised learning method. The adjacent trace number, sampling number and amplitudes of the effective seismic data were taken as features to build the training data set for the extreme gradient boosting decision tree. Principal component analysis is applied to remove redundant information and accelerate the training speed. This is different from the traditional trace interpolation method in that the proposed method is data‐driven; therefore, it does not require any assumptions. Compared with other deep learning‐based trace interpolation methods, the proposed method has fewer control parameters and learning labels and a smaller training cost. Experiments using synthetic and field data demonstrated the validity and flexibility of this trace interpolation method.
Distinguishing lone from group actor terrorists: A comparison of attitudes, ideologies, motivations, and risks
Authors: Dhumad Saleh , Candilis Philip J. , Cleary Sean D. , Dyer Allen R. , Khalifa Najat R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increasing recognition of the risks posed by lone‐actor terrorists provides the impetus for understanding the psychosocial and ideological characteristics that distinguish lone from group actors. This study examines differences between lone and group actor terrorists in two domains: (i) attitudes toward terrorism, ideology, and motivation for terrorist acts; and (ii) empirically derived risk factors for terrorism. Using a cross‐sectional research design and primary source data from 160 men convicted of terrorism in Iraq, this study applied bivariate and logistic regression analyses to assess group differences. It tested the hypothesis that there are no statistically significant differences between the groups. Bivariate analyses revealed that lone actors were less likely than group actors, to be unemployed, to cite personal or group benefit as the main motives for terrorist activity, and to believe that acts of terrorism achieved their goals. Regression analysis indicated that having an authoritarian father was the only factor that significantly predicted group membership, with group actors three times more likely to report this trait. Lone actors and group actors are almost indistinguishable except for certain differences in attitudes, motives, employment, and having an authoritarian father.
ngsLCA—A toolkit for fast and flexible lowest common ancestor inference and taxonomic profiling of metagenomic data
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Korneliussen Thorfinn Sand , Holman Luke E. , Manica Andrea , Pedersen Mikkel Winther 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Metagenomic data generated from environmental samples is increasingly common in the analysis of modern and ancient biological communities. To obtain taxonomic profiles from this type of data, DNA sequences are aligned against large genomic reference databases and the lowest common ancestor (LCA) needs to be inferred for each sequence with multiple alignments. To date, efforts have mainly focused on improving the speed, sensitivity and specificity of alignment tools, and little effort has been applied to the LCA algorithm that generates the taxonomic profiles from alignments.

We present ngsLCA, a command‐line toolkit with two separate modules: the main program (in C/C++) performing LCA inference, and an R package for generating tables and visualisations of the taxonomic profiles.

ngsLCA processed large datasets in BAM/SAM alignment format 4–11 times faster and used less memory compared to other available programs. It is compatible with the NCBI taxonomy and has flexible parameter settings. Furthermore, the toolkit offers functions for filtering, contamination removal, taxonomic clustering, and multiple ways of visualising the generated taxonomic profiles.

ngsLCA bridges a gap in current metagenomic analyses by supplying a computationally light, easy‐to‐use, accurate, fast and flexible LCA algorithm with R functions for processing and illustrating the taxonomic profiles