bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEIM-04 LEVERAGING NOVEL NEUROIMAGING TECHNIQUES TO LINK BRAIN METASTASES AND LOCAL GENE EXPRESSION
Authors: Germann Jurgen , Loh Aaron , Dudek Cain , Chow Clement , Boutet Alexandre , Lozano Andres , Mansouri Alireza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Metastases are the most prevalent adult brain tumour, most commonly arising from lung, breast, or melanoma primaries. Studies have suggested that different primary tumor types may have predilection for seeding to specific brain regions. One hypothesis is that the interaction of the genomic environment within specific brain region(s) and seeding tumor cells is ideal for supporting this process. The recent availability of neuroimaging based transcriptomic atlases make it feasible to test this hypothesis. In this proof-of-concept study, we leverage the Allen atlas to evaluate whether variance in location among different tumour subtypes can be explained by normative gene expression. Manual segmentation was done on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRIs in 31 patients with brain metastases and known primary tumour [breast (n=7), lung (n=14), genitourinary (n=5) and melanoma (n=5)]. Segmented lesions were transformed to template brain space. First, odds-ratio maps were created for each primary tumour subtype. These maps delineate brain regions that were preferentially engaged by each subtype. Consistent with prior literature, odds-ratio maps demonstrated a preference for metastases to seed to different brain regions according to primary tumour subtype, e.g. lung - cerebellum, melanoma - frontal and temporal lobes. Next, mapping our lesions on the Allen atlas of normative gene expression, we identified significant (p&lt;0.01) differences in the local expression of certain genes– such as LEPROT and ITPKA – related to the spatial pattern of breast, lung, genitourinary, and melanoma. This novel approach integrates imaging and transcriptomic techniques that could be used towards an improved understanding of neuro-oncologic processes. Crucially, this approach would allow investigators to leverage conventional anatomical images – acquired as part of a patient’s normal clinical course and in the absence of tissue samples – to better understand cancer mechanics. This has potential ramifications for therapeutic decision-making. Large-scale prospective studies are underway.
NEIM-06 COMBINING CLINICAL VARIABLES AND RADIOMIC FEATURES TO HELP DISTINGUISH RADIATION NECROSIS FROM TUMOR IN PATIENTS WITH MELANOMA BRAIN METASTASES TREATED WITH RADIOSURGERY
Authors: Tran Benjamin , Buszek Samantha , Mitchell Drew , Long James , Elliott Andrew , Langshaw Holly , Erickson Lily , Farhat Maguy , Bronk Julianna , Ferguson Sherise , Chung Caroline 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Following Gamma Knife SRS (GK-SRS), the conventional imaging characteristics of radiation necrosis (RN) mimic those of tumor progression, introducing considerable uncertainty in diagnosis. Previous studies have identified clinical variables associated with RN; however, diagnosis primarily relied on interpretation of imaging with only a minority confirmed using the gold standard of pathological examination. Furthermore, the cohorts of these studies included a mix of primary histologies.

PURPOSE
To identify the combination of clinical variables and radiomic features most predictive of RN in patients with melanoma brain metastasis (BM) with GK-SRS in order to train a machine learning classifier to distinguish RN from tumor progression.

METHODS
We retrospectively studied 86 patients with a melanoma BM that received initial GK-SRS followed by resection, thereby pathologically confirming tumor or RN. Clinical variables including lesion volume, age at surgery, GK-SRS dose, lesion hemorrhage, lesion location, gender, BM velocity, and drug therapy type were obtained from chart review. We extracted radiomic features from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images using PyRadiomics. A consensus clustering algorithm identified representative radiomic features. Non-parametric hypothesis testing was performed on the clinical variables and representative radiomic features.

RESULTS
Of the 86 patients, 17 (19.8%) patients exhibited RN and 69 exhibited tumor progression. Lesion volume was associated with development of RN (p = 0.038&lt;0.05) with a median volume of 1.5 cc (0.01-26.71 cc). Clustering analysis identified seven representative radiomic features; five were found to have statistically significant association with development of RN.

CONCLUSION
In this dataset with pathologically confirmed diagnoses in a histologically homogeneous patient cohort, we reproduced previously reported findings that the clinical variable of lesion volume is associated with RN and we identified several radiomic features associated with RN in patients with melanoma BM. We are using these variables and features to train a machine learning classifier to distinguish RN from tumor.
SYST-07 WINDOW-OF-OPPORTUNITY STUDY OF ONC201 IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG) AND THALAMIC GLIOMA
Authors: Odia Yazmin , Koschmann Carl , Tarapore Rohinton , Allen Jeffrey , Hall Matthew , Daghistani Doured , Khatib Ziad , Aguilera Dolly , MacDonald Tobey , de Blank Peter , McGovern Susan Lynne , Mueller Sabine , Kline Cassie , Vitanza Nicholas , Allen Joshua E , Zaky Wafik , Gardner Sharon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma is a universally fatal malignancy primarily affecting children and young adults; no effective systemic therapy is available. ONC201, a first-in-class imipridone, is an oral, blood-brain barrier penetrating, selective small molecule antagonist of dopamine receptor D2/3 and agonist of the mitochondrial protease ClpP. ONC201 monotherapy demonstrated durable objective responses in adults with recurrent H3 K27M-mutant glioma. This phase 1 trial will evaluate ONC201±radiotherapy (RT) in pediatric patients with H3 K27M-mutant midline glioma DIPG.

METHODS
This multicenter, open-label, dose escalation and expansion phase 1 study of ONC201 is comprised of eight arms that will evaluate the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of ONC201, biomarkers, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of ONC201±RT in various treatment settings (NCT03416530). Arm G previously defined the RP2D for twice-weekly ONC201 on consecutive days. Arm H, for which enrollment is ongoing, will estimate the influence of tumor location and blood-brain barrier integrity on PK and intratumoral ONC201 exposure in biopsy-eligible pediatric tumors (DIPG or contrast-enhancing thalamic glioma). Patients eligible for Arm H will be aged 2-≤19 years, ≥2 weeks from last RT administration, and have a KPS/LPS ≥50; prior confirmation of H3 K27M mutation is not required. In Arm H, single-agent ONC201 administration will occur twice-weekly on consecutive days during each 21-day cycle at the RP2D defined in Arm G. Arm H has a planned enrollment of 27 patients (DIPG, n=15; thalamic glioma, n=12), with three patients undergoing a single biopsy at each of the following time points: 1-3 h post-first dose, 22-26 h post-second dose, 1-3 h post-first dose, 6-10 h post-second dose, and 22-26 h post-second dose. The 22-26 h post-first dose biopsy in thalamic glioma was previously collected and will not be assessed in this treatment arm. Plasma for PK analysis will be collected from all patients.
SYST-10 CSNO2012001 STUDY: A PHASE III TRIAL ON ADJUVANT TEMOZOLOMIDE CHEMOTHERAPY WITH OR WITHOUT INTERFERON-ALPHA IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS
Authors: Chen Zhongping , Guo Chengcheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

PURPOSE
The therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of the combination of temozolomide (TMZ) with interferon-alpha (IFN-α) and TMZ alone were compared in newly diagnosed high-grade glioma (HGG) patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Following surgery, patients with newly diagnosed HGG were eligible and randomized into two groups. All the patients received standard radiotherapy concurrent with TMZ. After a 4-week break, patients in group A received standard TMZ (200mg/m2 for 5 days) combined with interferon-α (3mIU, subcutaneous, d1, d3, and d5) every 28 days. Patients in group B received standard TMZ.

RESULTS
A total of 199 HGG patients were enrolled, with a median follow-up time of 77.9 months. The median overall survival (OS) of patients in the TMZ+IFN group was significantly longer than that in the standard group (TMZ+IFN: 26.67 months, TMZ: 18.83 months, P=0.005), although the progression-free survival (PFS) of both groups was similar (TMZ+IFN:14.83 months, TMZ:12.90months, P=0.114). In grade 3 gliomas, the median OS was 39.57 months in the TMZ+IFN group versus 29.40 months in TMZ alone (P=0.043). The median PFS was also longer in the TMZ+IFN group (24.33 months) than that in the TMZ group (14.13 months) (P=0.046). In grade 4 gliomas, the difference in PFS survival between TMZ+IFN and TMZ group showed no significant difference (TMZ+IFN:12.00 months, TMZ:12.83 months, P=0.582). However, the TMZ+IFN group had a longer OS than that of the TMZ alone group (TMZ+IFN:20.53 months, TMZ:17.70 months, P=0.044). TMZ+IFN also significantly improved the OS in O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) unmethylation patients. The incidence of toxic effects such as neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia, increased transaminase, skin reactions, fatigue, nausea, or vomiting, and skin reactions were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Compared with the standard regimen, TMZ+IFN combination treatment could prolong the survival time of HGG patients, especially MGMT promoter unmethylated patients, and the toxicity remained tolerable.
Safety of the utilization of telemedicine for brain tumor neurosurgery follow-up
Authors: Morell Alexis A , Patel Nitesh V , Eatz Tiffany A , Levy Adam S , Eichberg Daniel G , Shah Ashish H , Luther Evan , Lu Victor M , Kader Michael , Higgins Dominique M O , Ivan Michael E , Komotar Ricardo J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
There is a need to evaluate the outcomes of patients who underwent brain tumor surgery with subsequent telemedicine or in-person follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We retrospectively included all patients who underwent surgery for brain tumor resection by a single neurosurgeon at our Institution from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions (March 2020) to August 2021. Outcomes were assessed by stratifying the patients using their preference for follow-up method (telemedicine or in-person).

Results
Three-hundred and eighteen (318) brain tumor patients who were included. The follow-up method of choice was telemedicine (TM) in 185 patients (58.17%), and in-person (IP) consults in 133 patients. We found that patients followed by TM lived significantly farther, with a median of 36.34 miles, compared to a median of 22.23 miles in the IP cohort (P = .0025). We found no statistical difference between the TM and the IP group, when comparing visits to the emergency department (ED) within 30 days after surgery (7.3% vs 6.01%, P = .72). Readmission rates, wound infections, and 30-day mortality were similar in both cohorts. These findings were also consistent after matching cohorts using a propensity score. The percentage of telemedicine follow-up consults was higher in the first semester (73.17%) of the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to the second (46.21%), and third semesters (47.86%).

Conclusions
Telehealth follow-up alternatives may be safely offered to patients after brain tumor surgery, thereby reducing patient burden in those with longer distances to the hospital or special situations as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gamma-ray bursts, supernovae Ia, and baryon acoustic oscillations: A binned cosmological analysis
Authors: Dainotti Maria Giovanna , Sarracino Giuseppe , Capozziello Salvatore 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cosmological probes at any redshift are necessary to reconstruct consistently the cosmic history. Studying properly the tension on the Hubble constant, H0, obtained by supernovae type Ia (SNe Ia) and the Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation would require complete samples of distance indicators at any epoch. Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are necessary for the aforementioned task because of their huge luminosity that allows us to extend the cosmic ladder to very high redshifts. However, using GRBs alone as standard candles is challenging, because their luminosity varies widely. To this end, we choose a reliable correlation for GRBs with a very small intrinsic scatter: the so-called fundamental plane correlation for GRB afterglows corrected for selection biases and redshift evolution. We choose a well defined sample: the platinum sample, composed of 50 long GRBs. To further constrain the cosmological parameters, we use baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) given their reliability as standard rulers. Thus, we have applied GRBs, SNe Ia, and BAOs in a binned analysis in redshifts so that the GRB contribution is fully included in the last redshift bin, which reaches z = 5. We use the fundamental plane correlation (also known as the 3D Dainotti relation), together with SNe Ia and BAOs, to constrain H0 and the density matter today, ΩM. This methodology allows us to assess the role of GRBs combined with SNe Ia and BAOs. We have obtained results for H0 and ΩM using GRBs+SNe Ia+BAOs with better precision than SNe Ia alone for every bin, thus confirming the beneficial role of BAOs and GRBs added together. In addition, consistent results between GRBs+SNe Ia+BAOs are obtained when compared with SNe Ia+BAOs, showing the importance of GRBs since the distance ladder is extended up to z = 5 with a similar precision obtained with other probes without including GRBs.
Infrequent Random Portfolio Decisions in an Open Economy Model
Authors: Bacchetta Philippe , van Wincoop Eric , Young Eric R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We introduce a portfolio friction in a two-country DSGE model where investors face a constant probability to make new portfolio decisions. The friction leads to a more gradual portfolio adjustment to shocks and a weaker portfolio response to changes in expected excess returns. We apply the model to monthly data for the US and the rest of the world for equity portfolios. We show that the model is consistent with a broad set of evidence related to portfolios, equity prices, and excess returns for an intermediate level of friction. The evidence includes portfolio inertia, limited sensitivity to expected excess returns, a significant impact of financial shocks, excess return predictability, and asset price momentum and reversal.
Comparing Past and Present Inflation
Authors: Bolhuis Marijn A , Cramer Judd N L , Summers Lawrence H 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There have been important methodological changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) over time. These distort comparisons of inflation from different periods, which have become more prevalent as inflation has risen to 40-year highs. To better contextualize the current run-up in inflation, this article constructs new historical series for CPI headline and core inflation that are more consistent with current practices and expenditure shares for the post-war period. Using these series, we find that current inflation levels are much closer to past inflation peaks than the official series would suggest. In particular, the rate of core CPI disinflation caused by Volcker-era policies is significantly lower when measured using today’s treatment of housing: only 5 percentage points of decline instead of 11 percentage points in the official CPI statistics.
Treatments for Social Interaction Impairment in Animal Models of Schizophrenia: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hazani Reut , Lavidor Michal , Weller Aron 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
While pharmacological treatments for positive symptoms of schizophrenia are widely used, their beneficial effect on negative symptoms, particularly social impairment, is insufficiently studied. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in preclinical research of potentially beneficial treatments, with mixed results. The current review aims to evaluate the efficacy of available treatments for social deficits in different animal models of schizophrenia.

Study Design
A systematic literature search generated 145 outcomes for the measures “total time” and “number” of social interactions. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics in a random-effect meta-analytic model. Given the vast heterogeneity in effect sizes, the animal model, treatment group, and sample size were all examined as potential moderators.

Study Results
The results showed that in almost all models, treatment significantly improved social deficit (total time: SMD = 1.24; number: SMD = 1.1). The moderator analyses discovered significant subgroup differences across models and treatment subgroups. Perinatal and adult pharmacological models showed the most substantial influence of treatments on social deficits, reflecting relative pharmacological validity. Furthermore, atypical antipsychotic drugs had the highest SMD within each model subgroup.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the improvement in social interaction behaviors is dependent on the animal model and treatment family used. Implications for the preclinical and clinical fields are discussed.
Cutaneous Ganglioneuromas With Overlying Epidermal Hyperplasia: A Case Series Presentation and Proposal of Potential Etiopathogenesis
Authors: Zuraski Connor R. , Wales Cameron , Nguyen Cuong V. , Chan Edward F. , Kovarik Carrie , Seykora John T. , Elenitsas Rosalie , Moshiri Ata S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Cutaneous ganglioneuromas (GNs) are exceptionally uncommon tumors, and many reported cases describe association with overlying epidermal hyperplasia that may be interpreted as seborrheic keratosis (SK) or SK-like proliferation. We report 5 cases of cutaneous GN in adult patients; all of which were discovered incidentally in the immediate vicinity of epidermal hyperplasia. A review of the literature demonstrates the current—although likely imperfect—understanding of the etiopathogenesis of both SK and GN in the skin. We explore the putative pathophysiologies of other common, well-characterized skin lesions and, taking them into account, provide rationale for the coexistence of cutaneous GN with overlying SK and SK-like epidermal changes. However, we ultimately acknowledge a dilemma of causality and, given the rarity of their co-occurrence, objectively question whether occasional cameo appearances by GN lying subjacent to SK and SK-like hyperplasia may be due merely to chance.
Double CD4/CD8-Positive, Nonpoikilodermic Mycosis Fungoides Expressing CD56 in a Young Man
Authors: Santonja Carlos , Sánchez-García Francisco-Javier , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Rosa-Nieves , Manso Rebeca , Requena Luis , Gil-Mateo María del Pino , Rodríguez-Pinilla Socorro-María 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
We report a case of mycosis fungoides (MF) in an 18-year-old man whose neoplastic T cells expressed CD4, CD8, and CD56, with no evidence of TCR-delta or Epstein–Barr virus (EBER) expression. Clinically, neither hypopigmentation nor hyperpigmentation nor poikilodermatous skin lesions were present, and the lesions subsided with oral corticoids and retinoids and environmental solar ultraviolet exposure. Our case represents the oldest patient reported so far with nonpoikilodermatous, CD8/CD56 MF and adds to the phenotypic diversity of MF in the pediatric population. This distinct phenotype does not seem to be linked to a more aggressive course than the classic CD-4 positive one.
Improvement in the Capacity for Activity Versus Improvement in Performance of Activity in Daily Life During Outpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Lang Catherine E. , Holleran Carey L. , Strube Michael J , Ellis Terry D. , Newman Caitlin A. , Fahey Meghan , DeAngelis Tamara R. , Nordahl Timothy J. , Reisman Darcy S. , Earhart Gammon M. , Lohse Keith R. , Bland Marghuretta D. 
Published: August 2022

Background and Purpose:
We addressed questions about the potential discrepancy between improvements in activity capacity and improvements in activity performance in daily life. We asked whether this discrepancy is:
Common in routine, outpatient care, or an artifact of intervention studies?Unique to upper limb (UL) rehabilitation, or is it seen in walking rehabilitation too?Only seen in persons with stroke, or a broader neurorehabilitation problem?

Methods:
A longitudinal, observational cohort of 156 participants with stroke or Parkinson disease (PD) receiving outpatient rehabilitation at 5 clinics was assessed around admission and monthly during their episode of care. Individual, longitudinal capacity (Action Research Arm Test or walking speed) and performance (wearable sensor measurements of use ratio or steps/day) data were modeled to extract predicted change scores. Simulation methods were used to determine whether an individual's change was greater than 1 standard error. Participants were classified into categories based on whether or not they improved in capacity (C+ or C−) and/or performance (P+ or P−).

Results:
A majority (59%) were classified as C+P−. Smaller portions of the sample were classified as C+P+ (20%) and C−P− (21%), with 1 participant (<1%) classified as C−P+. The proportions in the C+P− category were significantly larger in the stroke (χ2 = 48.7, P < 0.0001) and PD (χ2 = 24.3, P < 0.0001) walking subgroups than in the stroke UL subgroup.

Discussion and Conclusions:
The discrepancy between improvements in capacity and performance is a problem in routine, outpatient neurorehabilitation. If performance information were available, patients and clinicians could act to address it.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A396).
Cochlear Implantation in Noonan Syndrome With and Without Multiple Lentigines: A Case Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Blumenthal Daniel , Lovett Braeden , Leonard James , Wang Sixian , Blumgart Melissa , Hoa Michael 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
To describe outcomes after bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) in a patient with a pathologic PTPN11 variant associated with Noonan syndrome (NS) and Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML). Additionally, to assess the utility of CI in this specific population based on our outcome and previous reports.

Study Design:
Retrospective case report with literature review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Patients:
A young boy with various multiorgan abnormalities, speech and language delay, and persistent hearing loss who was found to have a heterozygous PTPN11 gene mutation at age 2.

Interventions:
Bilateral tympanostomy tube placement, diagnostic imaging, and eventual staged bilateral CI.

Main Outcome Measures:
Objective audiometric testing and developmental milestone attainment.

Results:
Bilateral CI was successfully completed over a 2-month period. The patient illustrated significant improvement in objective audiologic measurement. However, he continues to sign as his main form of communication without significant speech progression.

Conclusions:
Early diagnostic and therapeutic intervention in patients with NS/NSML can help improve long-term audiologic and speech development. Given the heterogeneity of NS/NSML, a multidisciplinary approach is needed for optimal outcomes.
18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of MALT Lymphoma of Ureter
Authors: He Limeng , Deng Yujiao , Deng Ying , Xie Hongjun , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma origin from the ureter is exceedingly rare. We report FDG PET/CT findings of MALT lymphoma in the distal right ureter in a 55-year-old woman who presented right abdominal pain for 10 days. Ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic mass in the right pelvis, which was surrounding the distal right ureter. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a high FDG uptake by the mass along with several FDG-avid enlarged lymph nodes in the abdominal cavity. Postoperative pathology demonstrated the ureteral mass as a MALT lymphoma.