bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequence-based Functional Metagenomics Reveals Novel Natural Diversity of Functioning CopA in Environmental Microbiomes
Authors: Li Wenjun , Wang Likun , Li Xiaofang , Zheng Xin , Cohen Michael F. , Liu Yong-Xin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExploring natural diversity of functional genes/proteins from environmental DNA (eDNA) in a high-throughput fashion remains challenging. In this study, we developed a sequence-based functional metagenomics procedure for mining the diversity of copper resistance genecopAin global microbiomes, by combining the metagenomic assembly technology, local BLAST, evolutionary trace analysis (ETA), chemical synthesis, and conventional functional genomics. In total, 88 metagenomes were collected from a public database and subjected tocopAdetection, resulting in 93,899 hits. Manual curation of 1214 hits of high-confidence led to the retrieval of 517 unique CopA candidates, which were further subjected to ETA. Eventually 175 novelcopAsequences of high-quality were discovered. Phylogenetic analysis showed that almost all of these putative CopA proteins are distantly related to known CopA proteins, with 55 sequences from totally unknown species. Ten novel and three knowncopAgenes were chemically synthesized for further functional genomic tests using the Cu-sensitiveEscherichia coli(ΔcopA). Growth test and Cu uptake determination showed that five novel clones had positive effects on host Cu resistance and uptake. One recombinant harboringcopA-like 15 (copAL15) successfully restored Cu resistance of host with a substantially enhanced Cu uptake. Two novelcopAgenes were fused with thegfpgene and expressed inE. colifor microscopic observation. Imaging results showed that they were successfully expressed and their proteins were localized to the membrane. The results here greatly expand the diversity of known CopA proteins, and the sequence-based procedure developed overcomes biases in length, screening methods, and abundance of conventional functional metagenomics.
The sialidase NEU3 promotes pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Authors: Pilling Darrell , Sahlberg Kyle , Karhadkar Tejas R. , Chen Wensheng , Gomer Richard H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSialic acid is often the distal sugar on glycoconjugates, and sialidases are enzymes that remove this sugar. In fibrotic lesions in human and mouse lungs, there is extensive desialylation of glycoconjugates, and upregulation of sialidases including the extracellular sialidase NEU3. In the bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis, mice lacking NEU3 (Neu3-/-) showed strongly attenuated bleomycin-induced weight loss, lung damage, inflammation, upregulation of TGF-β1, and fibrosis. This indicates that NEU3 is necessary for the full spectrum of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. To determine if NEU3 is sufficient for fibrosis, mice not treated with bleomycin were treated with recombinant murine NEU3 or inactive NEU3. Aspiration of NEU3 caused inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs, while inactive NEU3 caused inflammation but not fibrosis. Mice were also treated with NEU3 starting 10 days after bleomycin. In male but not female mice, NEU3 increased inflammation and fibrosis. Inactive NEU3 did not enhance bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. These results suggest that NEU3 is sufficient to induce fibrosis in the lungs, and that this effect is mediated by NEU3’s enzymic activity.
Predatory mites, a green pesticide, and an Entomopathogenic compound: A proposed IPM tactic based on pest species diversity indices and population dynamics
Authors: Zidan Islam Mohammad , El-Saiedy Elsayed Mohamed Ahmed K. , Abou-Elella Gomaa Mohamed , Hassan Mourad Fahmy 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe study was aimed to conduct the population dynamics and diversity indices for three major pest species in order to design an IPM protocol in two experimental sites (Om Saber, Beheira Governorate 30°29’50.6”N, 30°46’18.8”E), and (Kom Oshim, Fayoum Governorate 29°34’40.9”N, 30°55’38.3”E). The resulted data showed statistically significant fluctuation, population dynamics, abundance, distribution, and diversity indices of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM)Tetranychus urticaeKoch (Acari: Tetranychidae), the silver leaf whiteflyBemisia tabaciGenn. (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and the onion thripsThrips tabaciLindman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) which recorded on four plant species belonging to Brassicaceae (Siberian (Russian) kaleBrassica napus var. pabulariaL. and Italian (Tuscan) kaleBrassica oleracea var. palmifolia), and Lamiaceae (SpearmintMentha spicataL. and Saudi MintMentha longifoliaL.). The proposed IPM program consisted of predatory mites;Phytoseiulus persimilisAthias-Henriot,Amblyseius swirskiiAthias-Henriot, andCydnoseius negevi(Swirski & Amitai) (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a green pesticide, and an entomopathogenic compound. It was concluded that abiotic and biotic factors together help in explaining why various pest species build their communities rapidly and increase their parameters that become above the EIL. Such factors are hypothesized to affect the plant-arthropod, predator-herbivore, predator-predator, and tri-trophic interactions. And it recommends the application of such protocol should consider the timing of tacking an action and merging tactics together to get the maximum efficiency.
Semaphorin 3G exacerbates joint inflammation through the accumulation and proliferation of macrophages in the synovium
Authors: Shoda Jumpei , Tanaka Shigeru , Etori Keishi , Hattori Koto , Kasuya Tadamichi , Ikeda Kei , Maezawa Yuko , Suto Akira , Suzuki Kotaro , Nakamura Junichi , Maezawa Yoshiro , Takemoto Minoru , Betsholtz Christer , Yokote Koutaro , Ohtori Seiji , Nakajima Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveMethotrexate (MTX) is an anchor drug for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment; however, the exact mechanisms by which MTX improves RA activity are still debatable. This study aimed to understand the roles of molecules whose expression is affected by MTX in RA patients and find novel therapeutic targets.MethodsCD4+ T cells from 28 treatment naïve RA patients before and 3 months after the initiation of MTX treatment were subjected to DNA microarray analyses. The expression of Semaphorin 3G (Sema3G), as one of the differentially-expressed genes, and its receptor, Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), was evaluated in RA synovium and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) synovium. CIA and collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) were induced in Sema3G-deficient (Sema3G-/-) mice and control mice, and the clinical score, histological score, and serum cytokines were assessed. The migration and proliferation of Sema3G-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) were analyzed in vitro. The effect of local Sema3G administration during CAIA on the clinical score and the quantity of infiltrating macrophages was evaluated.ResultsThe expression of Sema3G in CD4+ T cells was downregulated by MTX treatment in RA patients. Sema3G was expressed in RA but not osteoarthritis synovium, and its receptor Nrp2 was mainly expressed on activated macrophages. Sema3G deficiency ameliorated CIA and CAIA. Sema3G stimulation enhanced the migration and proliferation of BMMs. The local administration of Sema3G deteriorated CAIA and increased infiltrating macrophages.ConclusionsUpregulation of Sema3G in RA synovium is a novel mechanism to deteriorate joint inflammation through the accumulation of macrophages.Key messagesSemaphorin 3G is expressed in the inflamed synovium in human and mice.The receptor of Semaphorin 3G is mainly expressed on M1 macrophages.Semaphorin 3G deteriorates inflammatory arthritis through macrophage proliferation and migration.
Distinctiveness and continuity in transcriptome and connectivity in the anterior-posterior axis of the paraventricular nucleus of thalamus
Authors: Shima Yasuyuki , Skibbe Henrik , Sasagawa Yohei , Fujimori Noriko , Nikaido Itoshi , Hattori Nobutaka , Kato Tadafumi 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTThe paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) projects axons to multiple areas and mediates a wide range of behaviors. Heterogeneity of functions and axonal projections in PVT have been reported, but what cell types exist in PVT and how different they are have not been addressed. We applied single-cell RNA sequencing to depict transcriptomic characteristics of mouse PVT neurons. The transcriptome of PVT neurons had a continuous distribution with the largest variance corresponding to the anterior-posterior axis. Although the single-cell transcriptome classified PVT neurons into four types, transcriptomic and histological analyses showed their continuity. Similarly, anterior and posterior subpopulations had nearly non-overlapping axon projection patterns, while another population showed intermediate patterns. In addition, they responded differently to appetite-related neuropeptides, and their chemogenetic activation showed opposing effects in food consumption. Our studies showed contrasts and continuity of PVT neurons underlying their function as a behavior-modulating hub.
The relationship of balanced scorecard perspectives and government organization performance measurement
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Yudi Yudi , Rahayu Rahayu , Luthfi Musthafa 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis research aimed to analyze the causality between the four perspectives in the balanced scorecard (BSC) performance and to analyze the different performance of the four perspectives for the two group schools studied.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative data were processed using Smart PLS 0.3 and an independent sample t-test. Qualitative data collected using open questionnaires on performance achievement strategies and constraints were analyzed using the Leximancer 4.51.FindingsResults showed that innovation and learning performance influenced financial performance and internal business performance. However, innovation and learning performance did not affect customer satisfaction performance. Internal business performance affected financial performance. However, internal business performance did not influence customer satisfaction performance. Customer satisfaction performance did not influence financial performance. Customer satisfaction performance did not mediate the relationship between innovation and learning performance and financial performance. Internal business performance mediated the relationship between innovation and learning performance and financial performance. The two school groups exhibited differing innovation and learning performance, with no difference for the other three perspectives.Practical implicationsThe implication of the study is the necessity to create synergy between all parties (school and authorities) to optimize school performance. Improvement in financial performance, especially related to transparency and accountability, will help to improve stakeholders' trust in schools. The government can use the BSC to evaluate public school performance to achieve comprehensive assessment results.Originality/valueThe use of the four perspectives in the BSC performance since public schools in Indonesia have never implemented it.
Perspectives of cybersecurity for ameliorative Industry 4.0 era: a review-based framework
Authors: Haleem Abid , Javaid Mohd , Singh Ravi Pratap , Rab Shanay , Suman Rajiv 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Industry 4.0 refers to the interconnection of cyber-physical systems, which connects the physical and digital worlds by collecting digital data from physical objects/processes, and using this data to drive automation and optimisation. Digital technologies used in this revolution gather and handle massive volumes of high-velocity streams while automating field operations and supply chain activities. Cybersecurity is a complicated process that helps sort out various hacking issues of Industry 4.0. This purpose of this paper is to provide an overview on cybersecurity and its major applications for Industry 4.0.

Design/methodology/approach
The rise of Industry 4.0 technologies is changing how machines and associated information are obtained to evaluate the data contained within them. This paper undertakes a comprehensive literature-based study. Here, relevant research papers related to cybersecurity for Industry 4.0 are identified and discussed. Cybersecurity results in high-end products, with faster and better goods manufactured at a lesser cost.

Findings
Artificial intelligence, cloud computing, internet of things, robots and cybersecurity are being introduced to improve the Industry 4.0 environment. In the starting, this paper provides an overview of cybersecurity and its advantages. Then, this study discusses technologies used to enhance the cybersecurity process. Enablers, progressive features and steps for creating a cybersecurity culture for Industry 4.0 are discussed briefly. Also, the research identified the major cybersecurity applications for Industry 4.0 and discussed them. Cybersecurity is vital for better data protection in many businesses and industrial control systems. Manufacturing is getting more digitised as the sector embraces automation to a more significant level than ever before.

Originality/value
This paper states about Industry 4.0 and the safety of multiple business process systems through cybersecurity. A significant issue for Industry 4.0 devices, platforms and frameworks is undertaken by cybersecurity. Digital transformation in the Industry 4.0 era will increase industrial competitiveness and improve their capacity to make optimum decisions. Thus, this study would give an overview of the role of cybersecurity in the effective implementation of Industry 4.0.
Managing the knowledge for innovation in Eastern European firms: open or closed innovation?
Authors: Saunders Kieran , Radicic Dragana 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This study investigates the impact of cooperation with external partners on the intensity of product innovation as well as its commercial success. The focus is on firms located in the Eastern European countries that are seldom a subject of empirical innovation studies. The theoretical framework takes into account that moderate and modest innovator countries, which comprise the sample, have distinct innovation ecosystems relative to advanced economies.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses data from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) that was conducted in 2013–2014 and covering the period of the past three years. Product innovation is measured through its intensity (a number of product innovation) and through its commercial success (innovative sales). A set of hypotheses are tested using a negative binomial estimator (for the number of product innovation) and a tobit estimator (for innovative sales) estimated in Stata statistical software.

Findings
Empirical findings show that vertical cooperation has a positive effect on the intensity of innovation activities. In contrast, the authors find no evidence that horizontal cooperation or cooperation with science partners (universities and research centres) increase innovation intensity or its commercial success. Besides vertical cooperation, for a commercial success, it is equally beneficial for firms to use their own innovative ideas. These results taken together suggest that closed innovation and cooperation with customers and suppliers are critical determinants of product innovation in Eastern European firms.

Originality/value
The study contributes to expanding the research on knowledge management and open innovation in less advanced economies.
Predicting habitat suitability and connectivity for management and conservation of urban wildlife: A real‐time web application for grassland water voles
Authors: Nelli Luca , Schehl Bianka , Stewart Robyn A. , Scott Catherine , Ferguson Scott , MacMillan Shelagh , McCafferty Dominic J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Natural habitats in urban areas provide benefits for both humans and biodiversity. However, to achieve biodiversity gains, we require new techniques to determine habitat suitability and ecological connectivity that will inform urban planning and development.

Using an example of an urban population of water voles Arvicola amphibius, we developed a habitat suitability model and a resistance‐surface‐based model of landscape connectivity to identify potential connectivity between areas of suitable habitat. We then updated the environmental variables according to new urban development plans and used our models to generate spatially explicit predictions of both habitat suitability and connectivity.

To make models accessible to urban and conservation planners, we developed an interactive mapping tool that provided users with a graphical user interface (GUI) to inform conservation planning for this species.

The model found that habitat suitability for water voles was related to the proportion and distance from key environmental variables, such as built‐up areas and urban green spaces, while the connectivity model identified important corridors connecting areas of potential distribution for this species.

Future development plans altered the potential spatial distribution of the water vole population, reducing the extent of suitable habitat in some core areas. The interactive mapping tool made available suitable habitat and connectivity maps for conservation managers to assess new planning applications and for the development of a conservation action plan for water voles.

Synthesis and applications. We believe this approach provides a framework for future development of nature conservation tools that can be used by planners to inform ecological decision‐making, increase biodiversity and reduce human–wildlife conflict in urban environments.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of pregnant women related to COVID‐19 infection: A cross‐sectional survey in seven countries from the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health
Authors: Naqvi Farnaz , Naqvi Seemab , Billah Sk Masum , Saleem Sarah , Fogleman Elizabeth , Peres‐da‐Silva Nalini , Figueroa Lester , Mazariegos Manolo , Garces Ana L. , Patel Archana , Das Prabir , Kavi Avinash , Goudar Shivaprasad S. , Esamai Fabian , Chomba Elwyn , Lokangaka Adrien , Tshefu Antoinette , Haque Rashidul , Siraj Shahjahan , Yousaf Sana , Bauserman Melissa , Liechty Edward A. , Krebs Nancy F. , Derman Richard J. , Carlo Waldemar A. , Petri William A. , Hibberd Patricia L. , Koso‐Thomas Marion , Bann Carla M. , McClure Elizabeth M. , Goldenberg Robert L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to understand knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding COVID‐19 in pregnant women in seven low and middle‐income countries (LMIC).DesignPopulation‐based prospective, observational study.SettingsStudy sites in DRC, Kenya, Zambia, Bangladesh, India (two sites), Pakistan and Guatemala.Population and samplePregnant women in the Global Network's Maternal and Neonatal Health Registry (MNHR).MethodsA KAP questionnaire was administered in face‐to‐face interviews with pregnant women from September 2020 through October 2021 in the MNHR.Main outcome measuresKAP regarding COVID‐19 during pregnancy.ResultsIn all, 25 260 women completed the survey. Overall, 56.8% of women named ≥3 COVID‐19 symptoms, 34.3% knew ≥2 transmission modes, 51.3% knew ≥3 preventive measures and 79.7% named at least one high‐risk condition. Due to COVID‐19 exposure concerns, 23.8% had avoided prenatal care and 7.5% planned to avoid hospital delivery. Over half the women in the Guatemalan site and 40% in the Pakistan site reduced care seeking due to COVID‐19 exposure concerns. Of the women, 24.0% were afraid of getting COVID‐19 from healthcare providers. Overall, 63.3% reported wearing a mask and 29.1% planned to stay at home to reduce COVID‐19 exposure risk.ConclusionsWe found a decrease in planned antenatal and delivery care use due to COVID‐19 concerns. The clinical implications of potential decreases in care are unclear, but decline in essential healthcare utilisation during pregnancy and delivery could pose challenges for maternal and newborn health. More research is needed to address the impact of COVID‐19 on routine pregnancy and delivery care.
Severe maternal morbidity among undocumented migrant women in the PreCARE prospective cohort study
Authors: Eslier Maxime , Deneux‐Tharaux Catherine , Sauvegrain Priscille , Schmitz Thomas , Luton Dominique , Mandelbrot Laurent , Estellat Candice , Azria Elie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the risk of severe maternal outcomes among migrant women, considering both their legal status and birthplace; in Europe, migrant women, especially from sub‐Saharan Africa, have higher risks of adverse maternal outcomes compared with non‐migrants and legal status, a component of migrant condition, may be an important, and potentially actionable, risk factor.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingFour maternity units around Paris in 2010–12.SampleA total of 9599 women with singleton pregnancies.MethodsLegal status was categorised in four groups: reference group of non‐migrant native Frenchwomen, legal migrants with French or European citizenship, other legal migrants with non‐European citizenship, and undocumented migrants. The risk of severe maternal morbidity was assessed with multivariable logistic regression models according to women's legal status and birthplace.Main outcome measureBinary composite criterion of severe maternal morbidity.ResultsUndocumented migrants had resided for less time in France, experienced social isolation, linguistic barriers and poor housing conditions more frequently and had a pre‐pregnancy medical history at lower risk than other migrants. The multivariable analysis showed that they had a higher risk of severe maternal morbidity than non‐migrants (33/715 [4.6%] versus 129/4523 [2.9%]; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.68, 95% CI 1.12–2.53). This increased risk was significant for undocumented women from sub‐Saharan Africa (18/308 [5.8%] versus 129/4523 [2.9%]; aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.30–3.91), and not for those born elsewhere (15/407 [3.7%] versus 129/4523 [2.9%]; aOR 1.44, 95% CI 0.82–2.53).ConclusionUndocumented migrants are the migrant subgroup at highest risk of severe maternal morbidity, whereas the prevalence of risk factors does not appear to be higher in this subgroup. This finding suggests that their interaction with maternity care services may be sub‐optimal.Tweetable abstractUndocumented migrants, especially those born in sub‐Saharan Africa, have the highest risk of Severe Maternal Morbidity.
Science Diplomacy and COVID‐19: Future Perspectives for South–South Cooperation
Authors: Sharma Jyoti , Ricardo Pérez Valerino Danev , Natalie Widmaier Claudia , Lima Roberta , Gupta Nidhi , Varshney Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractApart from economic, political, and cultural cooperation for an equal growth of all developing countries, science and technology are an integral significant component in these levels of engagement for leveraging mutual gains. The current pandemic not only brought about an 1800 shift in the relationship between the government, policy makers, and the scientific community but highlights the importance of South–South Cooperation (SSC). SSC may serve as a mode of cooperation to foster the transfer of need‐based technologies among developing and least developing countries and open many fronts for mutual sharing in terms of geopolitical, available resources, and expertise. The cooperation under the SSC does not substitute but complements North–South development cooperation to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The use of science diplomacy would be an effective tool to bring all the stakeholders of the Global South to a common platform to combat future global challenges. Science policy instruments would need to incorporate scope for international collaborations as a means of furthering the national and global imperatives.