bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Macro-Mesoscopic Response Mechanism of Multisphere Approximated Heteromorphic Tailing Particles
Authors: Wang Guangjin , Zhao Bing , Wu Bisheng , Wang Menglai , Liu Wenlian , Zhou Hanmin , Zhang Chao , Wang Yishu , Han Yabing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The shape of tailing particles is essential factors of their macroscopic mechanical properties. Scholars have studied the effects of controllable factors, such as loading method, confining pressure, and strain rate, on the strength of tailing sand. However, research on the tailing particle structure and shape through laboratory tests has proved to be difficult due to the uncertain and discrete tailing particle distribution. Thus, the macro-mesoscopic response of heteromorphic tailing particles is rarely investigated. In this paper, the macro-mesoscopic response of heteromorphic tailing particles is studied using multisphere approximation, and numerical simulation of triaxial tests on the particles is conducted. Nonlinear evolution patterns of porosity, internal friction angle, and cohesion of heteromorphic tailing particles with the variation of angularity were investigated using the flexible boundary program developed in this study, which revealed the intrinsic relationship between the mesostructure evolution mechanism and the macroscopic engineering characteristics of heteromorphic tailing particles. The research results showed that (1) changes in angularity led to tailing particle rearrangements and, in turn, porosity changes. With increased angularity and confining pressure, particle sphericity decreased, and the deviatoric and peak stress increased accordingly. In the meantime, the softening was more significant as the peak stress was exceeded, while the cohesive force generally increased. (2) With fixed particle shape and angularity, the internal friction angle decreased slightly as the effective confining pressure increased. (3) In the shearing process, the simulated contact force chain evolution of tailing particles with different shapes was similar. The disordered contact force chains gradually undergo directional connection, i.e., the increased confining pressure reduced the number of free tailing particles and increased the number of stressed particles. (4) The triaxial stress-strain and peak stress in rigid boundary simulations under different confining pressures were slightly lower than those in the flexible boundary simulations. However, the difference was insignificant, indicating the good feasibility and reasonability of rigid boundary simulations for the macroscopic mechanical behaviors in triaxial tests. The research results could offer more direct insights into the macro-mesoscopic response and mechanical mechanisms of nonspherical particles and provide references for the simulation of tailings at the microscopic levels.
Allogromia Arnoldi n. sp.: Distribution, Phylogenetic Placement, Culture Methods, and Fine Structure of a New Monothalamid Foraminiferan
Authors: Goldstein Susan T. , Ballero Deniz Altin , Richardson Elizabeth A. , Bowser Samuel S. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Allogromiids, organic-walled foraminifera, are common members of foraminiferal associations in reef and back-reef settings of the Florida Keys and other locales, and many live in cryptic or otherwise protected microhabitats associated with macroalgae and seagrasses. A new species of Allogromia was isolated from the alga Dasycladus vermicularis (Scopoli) collected from prop-roots of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle (Linneaus), in Zane Grey Creek, Long Key, Florida. This species, Allogromia arnoldi n. sp., genetically matches sequences of undescribed and uncharacterized allogromiids deposited in GenBank from Cyprus and Jamaica. Allogromia arnoldi is genetically and morphologically distinct from A. laticollaris Arnold, A. laticollaris strain CSH, A. sp. NF (Lee & Pierce, 1963), environmental DNA sequences of morphologically unknown allogromiids, a number of freshwater forms, and several undescribed marine allogromiids known in the literature by nicknames (e.g., “squatter,” “rubble dome,” “twinkle”). This new species of Allogromia belongs to Clade M of the monothalamid foraminifera. Allogromia arnoldi appears to be broadly distributed, and it is fairly easy to isolate and rear in culture. Individuals typically have bright orange cytoplasm, a variable number of apertures, and can assume a wide range of shapes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution shows that the test has a complex fine structure that varies in thickness. It consists of two layers: a thick inner layer with a “herringbone” fine structure, and a thinner, outer electron-opaque mesh-like layer that occurs in patches. The number of nuclei varies per individual, and the non-reproductive nucleus is morphologically similar to that of many other monothalamid foraminifera.
Image Life Trails Based On Contrast Reduction Models For Face Counter-Spoofing
Authors: Katika Balaji Rao , Karthik Kannan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Natural face images are both content and context-rich, in the sense that they carry significant immersive information via depth cues embedded in the form of self-shadows or a space varying blur. Images of planar face prints, on the other hand, tend to have lower contrast and also suppressed depth cues. In this work, a solution is proposed, to detect planar print spoofing by enhancing self-shadow patterns present in face images. This process is facilitated and siphoned via the application of a non-linear iterative functional map, which is used to produce a contrast reductionist image sequence, termed as an image life trail. Subsequent images in this trail tend to have lower contrast in relation to the previous iteration. Differences taken across this image sequence help in bringing out the self-shadows already present in the original image. On a client specific mode, when subjects and faces are registered, secondary life trail differential statistics which capture the prominence of self-shadow information, indicate that planar print-images tend to have highly suppressed self-shadows when compared with natural face images. A simple statistical model leading to an an elaborate tuning procedure, based on a reduced set of training images was developed to first identify the optimal parameter set corresponding to a specific dataset and then adapt the feature-vectors so that the error-rates were minimized. Overall mean error rate for the calibration-set (reduced CASIA dataset) was found to be 0.3106% and the error rates for other datasets such OULU-NPU and CASIA-SURF were 1.1928% and 2.2462% respectively.
Safety and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine MVC-COV1901 in Taiwanese adolescents: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Authors: Huang Li-Min , Liu Luke Tzu-Chi , Chiu Cheng-Hsun , Chiu Nan-Chang , Tan Boon-Fatt , Lin Chien-yu , Cheng Hao-Yuan , Lin Meei-Yun , Lien Chia-En , Chen Charles 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Adolescents and children play important role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and epidemiology. MVC-COV1901 is a subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on stabilized spike protein adjuvanted with CpG 1018 and aluminum hydroxide that has been approved for use in adults in Taiwan. In this study, we have investigated the safety and immunogenicity of two doses of MVC-COV1901 in adolescents. Healthy adolescents from age of 12 to 17 years were randomly assigned to receive two intramuscular doses of either MVC-COV1901 or placebo at 28 days apart. Adverse events were mostly mild and were similar in MVC-COV1901 and placebo groups with the most commonly reported adverse events being pain/tenderness and malaise/fatigue. All immunogenicity endpoints in the adolescent group were non-inferior to the endpoints seen in the young adult and placebo groups. The results here advocate the use of MVC-COV1901 in adolescents in the ongoing efforts to control the pandemic.ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT04951388.
Estimation of nonadditive and additive genetic effects on growth traits of Horro cattle
Authors: Goshu Habtamu Abera 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The estimation of nonadditive genetic effects plays a significant role in the accuracy of estimated breeding values of growth traits. Data for genetic estimation of individual and maternal heterosis of crossbreed cattle in Ethiopia are limited to research institutions and universities. This paper aims to estimate the crossbreeding effects on the growth performances of Holstein FriesianxHorro and JerseyxHorro crosses in Ethiopia. The data used in the study included pedigree and weight data of animals born between 1980 and 2008. Heritability of growth traits were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood (ASREML). However, the additive, maternal, and heterosis effects of the crosses were estimated using the crossbreeding effects (CBE3) package and fitting Kinghorn’s Model one for growth traits. The direct and maternal heritability estimates for one-year weight, for the best model, which included the direct maternal covariance were 0.77±0.12 and 0.26±0.09, respectively. Individual heteroses estimated for Jersey and Holstein Friesian were significantly high and positive for one year weight (21.6±6.7 and 26.0±3.9 kg), pre-weaning average daily gain (27.4±26 and 28.9±15 g), and post-weaning average daily gain (68.8±16.6 and 61.8±9.9 g), respectively. The maternal additive effect for growth traits was mostly positive; therefore, it may be preferable to use crossbred cows resulting from purebred dams instead of using crossbred cows from crossbred dams. Significantly higher heterosis and additive parameters in Holstein Friesian x Horro crosses showed that crossbreeding of Horro with Holstein Friesian may be advisable in the areas of Horro cattle breeds occupied.
Extreme Rainfall Event Analysis Over the State of Himachal Pradesh in India
Authors: GOUDA KRUSHNA CHANDRA , Rath Sudhansu S , Singh Nidhi , Ghosh Sayanta , Lata Renu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The extreme rainfall events are very localized and intense events witnessing heavy rainfall resulting in flash floods and landslides in the Himalayan region. The trend of EREs in the Himachal basin shows an increasing trend, so in this study, an attempt is being made for quantifying the climatological feature of these EREs in the state of Himachal Pradesh in the western Himalayan Mountain region using the multi-source observed data sets for the long-term period i.e., 1901 to 2020. The climatology analysis indicates northern and southern part of the state receives comparatively more rainfall and the state witnessed a decreasing trend of the rainfall in the current decade. The classification of these EREs in terms of monsoon and non-monsoon with a different threshold of daily rainfall is being analyzed and it is found that almost 90% of extreme events are observed in the monsoon season. The zone centered around 32.5oN and 76.25oE is seems to be the hotspot for the frequent EREs in the mountainous state. The spatial analysis of the ERE trend also indicated that almost 40% of the state witnesses the heavy rainfall throughout the years. This observational study will surely help in understanding the dynamics of these ERE in the higher altitude regions and can be a good input for the hydro-meteorological disaster management and mitigation.
Prognostic role of Quantification of Circulating RNA (PDGFRβ) Fragments as Tumor Markers in serum of Patients with Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Babaei Ali , Doust Hadi Mohammad , Dashti Vahid , Rezapour Taha Mohammad , Mohammadi Fatemeh Nour , Raeisalsadati Seyedehsara , Salimi Alireza , Abbaspour Alireza , Salarinia Reza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Very deadly esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, with a wide distribution in Iran and China and with poor overall survival. Most EC patients are at the metastatic stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. So, effective non-invasive biomarkers are still needed for the early diagnosis of this malignancy. In this study, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) was selected for further validation as a candidate biomarker for EC diagnosis and prognosis.Methods: Serum from 83 individuals (33 patients with EC and 50 normal volunteer controls) were collected. RNAs of the specimens were extracted and their levels of PDGFRβ gene expression were measured by real-time PCR.Results. The results demonstrated that the expression of PDGFRβ in the sample of the case group is higher in comparison with the control group (fold change= 1.12 ،p=0.03).Conclusions. According to our results, the evaluation of serum RNAs including beta-platelet-derived growth factor receptor mRNA could help to achieve a non-invasive, rapid diagnostic method and ultimately earlier treatment of EC. Further studies in this field are necessary to find the appropriate diagnostic and differential pattern of esophageal cancer.
Investigating the rationale for COPD maintenance therapy prescription across Europe, findings from a multi-country study
Authors: Kocks Janwillem , Ferreira António , Schayck Onno van , Ekroos Heikki , Tzanakis Nikolaos , Soulard Stéphane , Haaksma-Herczegh Monika , Mestres-Simon Montserrat , Águila-Fuentes Malena , CATALDO Didier 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aims to understand healthcare professionals’ thoughts and motivations about optimal management and treatment of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). We conducted a DELPHI survey through an online questionnaire distributed to 220 panellists from six European countries and a discrete choice experiment to describe the relationship between selected clinical criteria and the initial COPD treatment of choice. 127 panellists (general practitioners [GPs] and pulmonologists) completed the survey. Despite the familiarity and use (89.8%) of the GOLD classification for initial treatment selection, a frequent use of LAMA/LABA/ICS was noted. In fact, panellists agreed that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are over-prescribed in the primary care setting. Our study showed that GPs felt less confident than pulmonologists with ICS withdrawal. This mismatch observed between best practice and behaviour indicates the need to increase awareness and efforts to improve the adherence to guidelines in clinical practice.
HOXA11-OS participates in lupus nephritis by targeting miR-124-3p mediating Cyr61 to regulate podocyte autophagy
Authors: Pan Xiuhong , Chen Shanshan , Shen Ruiwen , Liu Sen , You Yanwu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The long chain non-coding RNA HOXA11-OS was recently identified. Increasing studies have shown that HOXA11-OS has regulatory effects on genes in gastric cancer, prostate cancer, and various kidney diseases, but research on its role in systemic lupus erythematosus is still lacking. The present study aimed to investigate the role of HOXA11-OS in the regulation of podocyte autophagy in the development of lupus nephritis (LN) and its potential molecular mechanism.Methods: mRNA and protein expression levels of the target gene (i.e., Cyr61) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. Mouse podocytes were induced using serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) from patients with lupus and their viability was detected using the cell counting kit-8 assay. The interaction of miR-124-3p with HOXA11-OS and Cyr61 was analyzed by double luciferase reporter gene assay. Serum autoantibody levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pathological lesions in kidney tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and periodate Schiff staining. The independent samples t-test was used for comparing two groups, and one-way analysis of variance for comparing multiple groups.Results: HOXA11-OS was highly expressed in LN tissues, serum, and cells, and the expression levels of some key autophagy factors and Cyr61 were significantly increased, while miR-124-3p was significantly decreased. In vitro, LN-IgG inhibited podocyte activity, increased autophagy and Cyr61 expression, and aggravated podocyte injury in a time and dose dependent manner. As a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-124-3p, HOXA11-OS promoted the expression of Cyr61, thus enhancing the autophagy increase induced by LN-IgG and aggravating podocyte injury. Knockdown of HOXA11-OS had the opposite effect. miR-124-3p mimic or Cyr61 knockdown restored the high expression levels of autophagy factors and Cyr61 induced by HOXA11-OS overexpression, and alleviated podocyte injury. Further in vivo experiments showed that injection of sh-HOXA11-OS adeno-associated virus downregulated HOXA11-OS and significantly alleviated renal damage in lupus mice.Conclusions: HOXA11-OS is involved in the occurrence and development of LN by regulating podocyte autophagy through miR-124-3p/Cyr61 sponging, which may provide a good potential therapeutic target for LN.
The effect of postoperative early lumbar drainage on delayed fever after cerebellopontine angle tumour surgery: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Yunze , Wu Yingxi , Wu Yang , Zhu Gang , Xue Yafei , Qu Yan , Zhao Tianzhi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Postoperative fever is one of the common complications in neurosurgery, and intracranial aseptic inflammation and infection are important risk factors. Continuous drainage of cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）via lumbar drainage (LD) is often used in the treatment of postoperative intracranial infection or aseptic inflammation. Compared with the previously reported placement of LDs after the onset of meningitis symptoms, we designed this randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of early drainage (1st day postoperation) of CSF using the preset lumbar cistern to prevent delayed fever or reduce its treatment time after cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumour surgery.Methods: Patients suffering from CPA tumours and who underwent resection of the tumour with an intraoperative dura opening time >4 h were recruited for this study. The study is a 2-arm RCT to compare an intervention group receiving postoperative early LD and standard postoperative care to a control group receiving standard postoperative care only. The duration of fever in patients with delayed fever after operation, as the main outcome, will be compared in the two groups.Discussion: Here, we present the study design of a prospective RCT to evaluate the safety and efficacy of using preoperative preset LD to treat or reduce postoperative delayed fever.Trial registration: www.chictr.org.cn identifier: ChiCTR2100049057; registered on July 20, 2021.
Intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia sign for the definitive diagnosis of biliary atresia
Authors: Zhang Kaizhi , Jin zhu , Tang Yan , Liu rui , Zheng Zebing , Tang Chengyan , Liu Yuanmei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia (HSST) sign for differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from other causes of hepatic cholestasis.Methods: The data of 69 patients with jaundice treated from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), the patients were divided into two groups: BA group (n = 49) and non-BA group (n = 20). The biochemistry tests, liver ultrasound, liver stiffness and HSST sign of the two groups were compared.Results: The incidence of abnormal gallbladder, elevated γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT) >182.0U/L and abnormal liver stiffness (>6.4kPa) in BA group were significantly higher than those in non-BA group (P < 0.001). The HSST sign was present in all BA patients and not found in non-BA group. The area under receiver operating curve of direct bilirubin, γ-GGT, abnormal gallbladder, liver stiffness value and HSST sign were 0.53, 0.84, 0.78, 0.96, and 1.00, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of HSST sign in the diagnosis of BA were all 100%.Conclusion: Presence of HSST sign on diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy is highly suggestive of BA. If the HSST sign is present on laparoscopy, then IOC can be avoided.Type of study: Retrospective studyLevel of evidence: Level III
A pan-cancer exploration of kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A)'s oncogenic activity in human tumors
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Du Yiqun , Zhang Jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has revealed that kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and is related to the occurrence and prognosis of cancer. However, a pan-cancer analysis has not been performed.Methods and results: Based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, we clarified the expression of KIF20A in 33 tumor types using a series of bioinformatics analyses. KIF20A is highly expressed in the majority of malignancies, and there were distinct connections between KIF20A expression and pathological stage and prognosis in tumor patients. KIF20A overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with certain cancers, such as adrenocortical carcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and brain lower grade glioma. The associations of KIF20A expression with immune cell infiltration, including the levels of infiltrating B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, varied among tumors. Moreover, we found a positive association between KIF20A expression and cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), mesothelioma (MESO) and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). In addition, we identified five genes, KIF2C, KIF23, CDC25, CCNB1 and DLGAP5, whose expression was positively related to KIF20A expression.Conclusions: This pan-cancer study provides a comprehensive understanding of KIF20A's oncogenic functions in a variety of human tumors.
The Effects of Artificial Light at Night on Behavior of Eastern Mosquitofish in, Iran
Authors: Barzegar Hossein , Pourebrahim Sharareh , Zahed Mohammad Ali , Hadipour mehrdad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
83 percent of the world's population live in light-polluted areas, of which 40 percent live in places that are continuously lit by “ALAN (Artificial Light at Night)”. The light pollution caused by “ALAN” is growing day by day. Thus, the risk of environmental damages is growing in aquatic areas by increasing the “ALAN”. In this way this research, investigates the artificial light at night “ALAN” effect on Gambusia Holbrooke “mosquitofish” in Iran. To obtain the ALAN data, we relied on the information of the operational linear satellite scanning data related to the Metrological Defense Satellite Program (DMSP/OLS). the data provided by the DMSP satellite were belonged to 1992 and 2013 as images. The images were clipped by the geographical information systems (GIS), the images were classified into five classes based on the light pollution intensity. Afterward, the changes of light pollution by area and were calculated and reported. The aim of this research is to examined the effect of ALAN on the G. holbrooki. Two types of treatments were provided for G. holbrooki: control and ALAN treatments. In both treatments, fishes were kept for 60 days, and after that period, their shoaling and hiding behaviors were examined and recorded by a web camera. The results indicated that by increasing the ALAN, especially near the coastlines, the risk of harmful effects on G. holbrooki could be increased. The findings suggested that the ALAN might influence G. holbrooki behavior. The shoaling behavior of the ALAN treatments samples revealed that the time spent shoaling individually at night and during the day was decreased. As a result, in the hiding behavior experiment, G. holbrooki moved less at night after ALAN exposure but did not hide, indicating that the fish are unlikely to swim away or hide when exposed to light at night. As a result, they may be more vulnerable to predation.