bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing prodromal behaviour by analysing data patterns from social media with ensemble machine learning approach
Authors: Joshi Deepali , Patwardhan Manasi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a novel solution for tracing prodromal behaviour of Twitter users for early detection and prevention of mental illness. A very large number of people are using Twitter to share their daily happenings. This is creating a rich source of data portraying individual behaviour. Machine learning can be used to screen individual users who show prodromal behavioural change over a period and need to consult a psychiatrist. The system comprises of an ensemble model with multiple modules including classification and clustering in addition to lexicon‐based approach, and, for the final verdict, a voting system which emphasises a better precision model is proposed. The model has been validated and tested on standard Self‐Reported Mental Health Diagnoses dataset and promises to give a better result than the baseline.
Daily triage audit can improve nurses' triage stratification: A pre–post study
Authors: Zaboli Arian , Sibilio Serena , Magnarelli Gabriele , Rella Eleonora , Fanni Canelles Massimiliano , Pfeifer Norbert , Brigo Francesco , Turcato Gianni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsThe objective was to evaluate whether the error rate in the application of the triage system decreased after the introduction of daily auditing, and it was also evaluated if the agreement rate between physician and nurse on triage priority levels increased after the introduction of daily auditing and if the error‐related variables in the pre‐intervention period changed in the post‐intervention period.DesignA quasi‐experimental study was performed with a pre–post design, between June 2019 and June 2021 in one emergency department.MethodsThe accuracy and error rate of triage in the pre‐ and post‐intervention period were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the relationships between the variables related to the error. The comparison between the priority level assigned by the physician and the triage nurse was analysed using Cohen's K.ResultsNine hundred four patients were enrolled in the pre‐intervention period and 869 in the post‐intervention period. The error rate in the pre‐intervention period was 23.3% and in the post‐intervention period was 9.7%.The concordance between the degree of priority expressed by the physician and the nurse varied from a quadratically weighted Cohen's K of 0.447 in the pre‐intervention period to 0.881 in the post‐intervention period.ConclusionDaily auditing is a clinical procedure that improves the nurse's application of the triage system. Daily auditing has reduced errors by the nurse, improving performance and concordance with the physician.ImpactTriage systems are a key point for the stratification of the priority level of patients and it is therefore evident that they maintain high‐quality standards. Through the practice of daily auditing, not only a reduction in the error rate, which ensures patient safety, but also an improvement in triage performance has been demonstrated.No Patient or Public ContributionThe study did not involve any patients during its conduction.
Operator versus material influence on film thickness using adhesive resin cement or pre‐heated resin composite
Authors: Teyagirwa Prudence‐Felix , Aquin Claire , Kharouf Naji , Roman Tatiana , Senger Bernard , Reitzer François , Etienne Olivier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThere is a growing interest in using pre‐heated composites instead of dual‐cured cements when luting indirect restorations. This study evaluated the film thickness obtained from two pre‐heated composites and two resin cements, by two different operators. The influence of the materials and the level of expertise of the operator were analyzed.Materials and MethodsForty specimens of human dentin and composite discs were prepared and divided into four groups depending on the luting process. Each group was randomly equally divided to be handled by two operators with different levels of experience. Two of the initial four groups were luted using dual‐cured cements and the two remaining groups using light‐cured pre‐heated composites. Specimen discs were cut after luting, and film thickness was measured using a Digital microscope. Data were analyzed using a 2‐way ANOVA with the Holm‐Sidak pairwise multiple comparison procedure (p < 0.05).ResultsMean film thickness ranged from 156.16 ± 4.7 to 33.82 ± 0.7 μm. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were noticed between expert and novice results with pre‐heated composites.ConclusionWithin the limits of this study, using pre‐heated composites as a luting cement requires a better level of expertise to achieve a clinically acceptable film thickness.Clinical SignificanceUsing pre‐heated composites as luting agent for indirect restorations requires an experimented skill level to achieve a clinically recommended film thickness.
The role of care partners in medical visits of older adults with hearing loss and dementia: A national study
Authors: Powell Danielle S. , Reed Nicholas S. , Oh Esther , Samus Quincy M. , Deal Jennifer A. , Wolff Jennifer L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDementia and hearing loss (HL) are conditions, which restrict communication ability and amplify the difficulty of implementing effective care coordination and communication with medical providers. We examined how the presence of HL and dementia influence communication with medical providers, and the role of involved care partners during medical visits.MethodsDrawing on responses from 7070 community‐dwelling older adults who participated in the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study, we used logistic regression to quantify care partner accompaniment to medical visits and the role care partners assume during visits by older adult hearing and dementia status.ResultsNearly 4 in 10 older adults with dementia also reported HL. Eighty‐two percent of older adults with both HL and dementia were accompanied to medical visits by a care partner. Those with HL and dementia were six times more likely to be accompanied by a care partner to medical visits than those with neither condition (OR: 6.04; 95% CI:4.06, 8.99). Care partners of older adults with both (vs neither) HL and dementia were more actively engaged in: (1) facilitating understanding between the older adult and doctor (OR: 4.55, 95% CI:2.68, 7.71); (2) asking or telling the doctor information (OR: 6.13, 95% CI:3.44, 10.9); and (3) reminding the older adult of their questions (OR: 2.52, 95% CI: 1.66, 3.83).ConclusionsCare partners have an active role during medical visits of older adults with HL and dementia. Efforts to support care partner engagement and teach advocacy skills may close gaps in care quality for the subgroup of older adults who are living with HL and dementia.
Identical late motor responses in early Guillain‐Barré syndrome: A‐waves and repeater F‐waves
Authors: Veltsista Dimitra , Kefalopoulou Zinovia , Kintos Vasileios , Chroni Elisabeth 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectrodiagnostic (EDx) studies play a key role in the investigation of suspected Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS), providing diagnostic and prognostic information. However, initial EDx findings may not fulfill the neurophysiological criteria for the disease. The aim of this study was to estimate the occurrence and characteristics of A‐waves and repeaters F‐waves (Freps), both late motor responses identical in latency and configuration, in early stages of GBS. We retrospectively analyzed the initial nerve conduction study (NCS) of 26 GBS patients performed within 10 days from symptom onset. The final subtype diagnosis was acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) in 16 patients (six met the criteria at the initial EDx study and 10 at follow‐up) and acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) in 10 patients (six initially). Identical late responses were commonly found in the majority of nerves (84%). A‐waves were present in 59% and an increased frequency of Freps was calculated in 61% of the 105 studied nerves. A‐waves morphology (single or complex) could not distinguish between AIDP and AMAN. Nerves with normal NCS had a significantly higher frequency of A‐waves, either isolated or in combination with increased index total Freps, as compared to nerves with low compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes or conduction block. Our findings suggest that both late responses can be useful as early markers of conduction changes of various pathophysiology, being frequently present even prior to abnormalities of CMAP parameters.
Structured variation in child heritage speakers' grammars
Authors: Shin Naomi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResearch on heritage language development in children can profit greatly by incorporating insights from analyses of structured variation, which is defined as the interchange of linguistic forms where the choice to use one form over the other is probabilistically conditioned by linguistic and social factors. This article reviews the limited research on bilingual children's structured variation, focussing specifically on child heritage speakers of Spanish. It is argued that careful attention to structured variation advances our understanding of heritage language development in childhood and can help us move beyond a deficit view of bilingualism.
Chinese intimacy: Filial piety, autonomy, and romantic relationship quality
Authors: Wang Ziying , Chen Wei‐Wen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to its accurate representation of parent–child interaction quality in Confucian‐influenced cultures, contemporary filial piety, which refers to general beliefs about how children are expected to behave toward their parents, has drawn increasing attention in academia. However, how filial piety associates with intimate relationships beyond the family setting is less clear. This study examined the relation between dual filial piety (i.e., reciprocal filial piety and authoritarian filial piety) and romantic relationship quality among Chinese youths. We explored a mediational model in which we tested whether dual autonomy (i.e., individuating autonomy and relating autonomy) would help explain how Chinese youths' beliefs in filial piety are linked to the quality of their romantic relationships. A total of 605 youths from Macau (N = 291) and Taiwan (N = 314) who are currently or once romantically involved participated in the study. We employed structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Results showed within‐culture invariance regarding the direct and indirect associations between filial piety, autonomy, and romantic relationship quality. Specifically, young people in both Macau and Taiwan who endorsed higher reciprocal filial piety had more individuating autonomy, which in turn contributed to them having higher quality romantic relationships.
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is under‐recognized in end‐stage pediatric heart failure: A 36‐year single‐center experience
Authors: Tadros Hanna J. , Choudhry Swati , Kearney Debra L. , Hope Kyle , Yesso Abigail , Miyake Christina Y. , Price Jack , Spinner Joseph , Tunuguntla Hari , Puri Kriti , Dreyer William , Denfield Susan W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough ventricular failure is a late finding in adults with AC, we hypothesize that this is a presenting symptom in pediatric heart failure patients who undergo HT and that their ventricular arrhythmia burden could differentiate AC from other cardiomyopathies.MethodsWe performed a single‐center retrospective cohort study reviewing 457 consecutive pediatric (≤18 years) HT recipients at our institution. Explanted hearts were examined to establish the primary diagnosis, based on pathologic findings. Demographic and clinical variables were compared between AC versus non‐HCM cardiomyopathy cases.ResultsForty‐five percent (n = 205/457) had non‐HCM cardiomyopathies as the underlying primary diagnosis. Ten cases (10/205 = 4.9%) were diagnosed with AC. All 10 had biventricular disease. In 8/10 patients (80%), AC diagnosis was unrecognized pre‐HT. Compared with non‐AC cardiomyopathies, the AC group was older at diagnosis (9.3 years vs. 4.3 years, p = .012) and transplant (11.1 years vs. 6.5 years, p = .010), had more ventricular arrhythmias (80.0% vs 32.8%, p = .003), and required more anti‐arrhythmic use (80.0% vs 32.3%, p = .001). Genetic testing yielded causative pathogenic variants in all tested individuals (n = 5/5, 100%).ConclusionAC is often an unrecognized cardiomyopathy pretransplant in children who undergo HT. Pediatric non‐HCM phenotypes with heart failure who have a significant ventricular arrhythmia burden should be investigated for AC.
Point‐of‐care global coagulation assay parameters in normal dogs and dogs with primary immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia
Authors: Dionne Trysta L. , Ishak Anthony M. , Cochran Lauren A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare viscoelastic parameters between healthy control dogs and dogs with primary immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia (pIMHA) using a new, point‐of‐care viscoelastic coagulation monitor (VCM).aDesignRetrospective study from 2017 to 2021.SettingThree regional private referral centers.AnimalsEighteen client‐owned dogs with pIMHA and 33 healthy control dogs. pIMHA dogs were defined based on established criteria.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsMedical records of dogs with pIMHA and VCM performed at diagnosis from 2017 to 2021 and apparently healthy control dogs voluntarily enrolled in the blood donor program from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed. For the healthy control dogs, consent was obtained to perform VCM in addition to traditional screening. Compared to healthy control dogs, dogs with pIMHA had mean VCM parameters consistent with hypercoagulability, demonstrated by lower mean (SD) clot formation time (108 s [30] vs 233 s [55]; P < 0.0001), higher mean alpha angle (62 degrees [6] vs 52 degrees [6]; P < 0.0001), higher mean maximum clot formation (49 VCM units [11] vs 32 VCM units [5]; P < 0.0001), higher mean amplitude at 10 minutes (40 VCM units [11] vs 19 VCM units [3]; P < 0.0001), and higher mean amplitude at 20 minutes (47 VCM units [11] vs 25 VCM units [4]; P < 0.0001). pIMHA dogs also had significantly higher median (interquartile range) lysis index at 30 minutes (100% [100–100] vs 98% [90–100]; P < 0.0001). When compared to 3 established normal canine reference intervals, dogs with pIMHA had a significantly higher proportion of VCM variables (48%–57%) consistent with hypercoagulability, and a significant percentage of pIMHA dogs (78%–89%) had VCM tracings consistent with hypercoagulability overall, irrespective of the interval utilized for interpretation.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates hypercoagulability in dogs with pIMHA when compared to healthy control dogs using VCM. Prospective evaluation is warranted to further characterize these findings as well as to evaluate their clinical impact.
PlasmaCap EBA: An innovative method of isolating plasma proteins from human plasma
Authors: Miller David , Vanderlee Gillian , Vaute Olivier , Krause Mark 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe growing demand for immunoglobulin (IG) requires development of improved plasma fractionation methods to provide higher yields in a cost effective, scalable manner without compromising product purity and efficacy. A novel protein extraction method, utilizing expanded bed adsorption (EBA) chromatography, has been developed. PlasmaCap IG (10% liquid formulation intravenous IG [IVIG]) is the first plasma‐derived product manufactured using PlasmaCap EBA technology.Materials and MethodsThe PlasmaCap EBA platform consists of a series of consecutive columns which bind a target protein, or group of proteins, in their native state directly from cryo‐poor plasma. EBA chromatography includes five key steps: (1) expand, (2) sanitize and equilibrate, (3) load, (4) wash and (5) elute. These steps are made possible using high‐density tungsten‐carbide agarose beads, suspended by upward flow. The PlasmaCap EBA process was evaluated during Evolve's clinical campaign for scalability, product quality and yield.ResultsPlasmaCap EBA technology can be predictably scaled by maintaining the minimum residence time and residence time distribution for EBA columns of different diameters. Scalability of the manufacturing process was demonstrated by the 50‐fold volumetric increase from laboratory‐scale lots to clinical‐scale lots. The process is also associated with enhanced product purity, such as lower aggregates. The PlasmaCap EBA process is expected to have the same or better yield and purity at commercial scale production compared to the clinical campaign.ConclusionThe PlasmaCap EBA platform was used to successfully develop PlasmaCap IG (10% liquid formulation IVIG) with proven scalability, product quality and yield.
Effects of sex and ageing on the human respiratory muscle metaboreflex
Authors: Leahy Michael G. , Kipp Shalaya , Benbaruj Jenna M. , Charkoudian Nisha , Foster Glen E. , Koehle Michael S. , Sheel A. William 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntense inspiratory muscle work evokes a sympathetically mediated pressor reflex, termed the respiratory muscle metaboreflex, in which young females demonstrate an attenuated response relative to males. However, the effects of ageing and female sex hormones on the respiratory muscle metaboreflex are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the pressor response to inspiratory work would be similar between older males and females, and higher relative to their younger counterparts. Healthy, normotensive young (26 ± 3 years) males (YM; n = 10) and females (YF; n = 10), as well as older (64 ± 5 years) males (OM; n = 10) and females (OF; n = 10), performed inspiratory pressure threshold loading (PTL) to task failure. Older adults had a greater mean arterial pressure (MAP) response to PTL than young (P < 0.001). YF had a lower MAP compared to YM (+10 ± 6 vs. +19 ± 15 mmHg, P = 0.026); however, there was no difference observed between OF and OM (+26 ± 11 vs. +27 ± 11 mmHg, P = 0.162). Older adults had a lower heart rate response to PTL than young (P = 0.002). There was no effect of sex between young females and males (+19 ± 9 and +27 ± 11 bpm, P = 0.186) or older females and males (+17 ± 7 and +20 ± 7 bpm, P = 0.753). We conclude the respiratory muscle metaboreflex response is heightened in older adults, and the sex effect between older males and post‐menopause females is absent, suggesting an effect of circulating sex hormones.
imageKey points
The arterial blood pressure response to the respiratory muscle metaboreflex is greater in older males and females.
Compared to sex‐matched young individuals, there is no sex differences in the blood pressure response between older males and post‐menopause females.
Our results suggest the differences between males and females in the cardiovascular response to high levels of inspiratory muscle work is abolished with reduced circulating female sex hormones.
Optical Measurement of Roller Slip, Tilt, and Skew in a Spherical Roller Bearing
Authors: Shafiee Abbas , Russell Thomas , Lorenz Steven J. , Sadeghi Farshid , Wilmer Matthew G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, a novel test rig was designed and developed to investigate roller slip, tilt, and skew in a spherical roller bearing (SRB). The test rig utilized a double-row 22313 SRB and was designed to allow for direct visual access to each row. A high-speed camera was used to capture the motion and angular position of the various rollers as they traversed the bearing. Successive frames captured from the videos were analyzed to determine roller slip and the SRB load zone. Roller tilt and skew angles were also measured by inserting a nearly weightless pin into the center of a roller. In a similar manner, high-speed videography was used to assess the tilt and skew of the roller for a complete revolution of the roller around the inner race of the SRB. The dynamic behavior of the rollers was then corroborated with a previously developed SRB dynamic bearing model (DBM). The experimental and analytical results indicate that the roller tilt angle increases with axial load, remains constant with speed, and decreases with increasing radial load when the roller is located in the load zone. Further, roller skew in the load zone increases with axial load and shaft speed; however, it decreases with the radial load. The results indicate that when the radial-to-axial load ratio is greater than 4, roller tilt and skew are minimized. Due to roller intermittent slip and roller-cage pocket collision in the unload zone, tilt and skew become chaotic. The magnitude of the tilt and skew in the unload zone is directly related to the roller-race and roller-cage pocket clearances, respectively.
Exclusive determinations of $$\vert V_{cb} \vert $$ and $$R(D^{*})$$ through unitarity
Authors: Martinelli G. , Simula S. , Vittorio L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work we apply the Dispersive Matrix (DM) method of Di Carlo et al. (Phys Rev D 104:054502, 2021) and Martinelli et al. (Phys Rev D 105:034503, 2022) to the lattice computations of the Form Factors (FFs) entering the semileptonic $$B \rightarrow D^* \ell \nu _\ell $$

B
→

D
∗

ℓ

ν
ℓ

decays, recently produced by the FNAL/MILC Collaborations (Fermilab Lattice, MILC collaboration, Semileptonic form factors for $$B \rightarrow D^*\ell \nu $$

B
→

D
∗

ℓ
ν

at nonzero recoil from 2 + 1-flavor lattice QCD. arXiv:2105.14019) at small, but non-vanishing values of the recoil variable ($$w-1$$

w
-
1

). Thanks to the DM method we obtain the FFs in the whole kinematical range accessible to the decay in a completely model-independent and non-perturbative way, implementing exactly both unitarity and kinematical constraints. Using our theoretical bands of the FFs we extract $$\vert V_{cb} \vert $$

|

V

cb

|

from the experimental data and compute the theoretical value of $$R(D^*)$$

R
(

D
∗

)

. Our final result for $$\vert V_{cb} \vert $$

|

V

cb

|

reads $$\vert V_{cb} \vert = (41.3 \pm 1.7) \cdot 10^{-3}$$

|

V

cb

|
=

(
41.3
±
1.7
)

·

10

-
3

, compatible with the most recent inclusive estimate at the $$0.5\sigma $$

0.5
σ

level. Moreover, we obtain the pure theoretical value $$R(D^*) = 0.275 \pm 0.008$$

R
(

D
∗

)
=
0.275
±
0.008

, which is compatible with the experimental world average at the $$\sim 1.3 \sigma $$

∼
1.3
σ

level.
Straits and seaways: controls, processes and implications in modern and ancient systems
Authors: Rossi Valentina Marzia , Longhitano Sergio G. , Olariu Cornel , Chiocci Francesco L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Straits and seaways are connections between basins, key areas for exchange and transfer of water, heat, biota and sediments, and they can influence regional and global climate. A better understanding of strait/seaway dynamics, their evolution and preserved deposits is, therefore, fundamental to reconstructing the palaeoecology, palaeogeography and stratigraphy of interconnected basins. Straits and seaways are also important for understanding climate dynamics in Earth's past, and for safely exploiting energy resources (fossil and renewable). This volume aims at improving the knowledge on this topic, and at providing a comprehensive collection of state-of-the-art works bringing together complementary disciplines. Even though studies on modern and ancient straits and seaways exist, they are not necessarily conceived towards a better geological understanding of these features as depositional systems in their own right. In this introduction, we emphasize the geological importance of straits and seaways, summarizing the content and key findings of the contributions on this topic. The articles included in this volume explore four main research themes related to straits and seaways: (1) occurrence and classification; (2) morphological features, facies and stratigraphic variability, sedimentary processes and dynamics; (3) tectonic and climatic controls, their feedback with climate changes; and (4) palaeogeographical reconstructions and preservation of associated deposits.