bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Application of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration
Authors: Aghandeh Pardis , Kouhestani Farnaz , Isamorad Fatemeh , Akbari Solmaz , Tanbakuchi Behrad , Motamedian Saeed Reza 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
We aimed to systematically review the animal studies that have investigated the efficacy of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in bone regeneration.

Methods:
Web of science, Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest were searched to September 2022 for animal studies investigating bone regeneration using PDLSCs.

Results:
Twenty studies were included. Calvaria and alveolar defects were treated with stem cells. The cells were mainly carried with hydrogel, hydroxyapatite, and collagen scaffolds. PDLSCs promoted osteogenesis compared with cell-free scaffolds, except in one study where biphasic calcium phosphate block scaffolds alone or with Bone morphogenic protein 2 had superior outcomes in calvaria defects. Controversial results were reported when comparing the osteogenic potential of PDLSCs and bone marrow stem cells. Two studies reported higher potential in BMSCs, and two others reported higher bone formation and more bone quality in PDLSCs.

Conclusion:
With the limitations of this study, PDLSCs might have promising potential to accelerate bone regeneration in artificial defects; however, due to high heterogeneity in the outcomes of the present studies, before moving forward to human experiments, further preclinical in vivo studies are needed.
Fracture Resistance of Teeth Restored with Newer Methacrylate-Based Dental Composite Materials
Authors: Narayanan Sreenath , Hegde Mithra N. , Thirunarayanan Sembagalakshmi , Dsouza Teena Sheethal 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Composite have evolved significantly due to the increase in the demand for a more esthetic and conservative approach in dentistry. Modifications have been made on the filler particle size and loading, followed by alterations in the resin matrix substance. Methacrylate-based composite with the addition of nanoparticles to the filler has been introduced in the market, providing improved esthetics and lower polymerization shrinkage. The present study was done to compare the fracture resistance of teeth restored using two newer methacrylate-based composite materials, along with the flexural strength of the composites.

Methods:
Sixty mandibular premolars were divided into two control groups of 10 teeth each and two experimental groups of 20 teeth. Group I − intact teeth with no preparations (n = 10), Group II − prepared but unrestored teeth (n = 10), Group III − teeth prepared and restored with a stackable nanohybrid methacrylate-based composite material (IPS Empress DirectTM), and Group IV − teeth prepared and restored with a packable submicron methacrylate-based composite material (Brilliant EverglowTM), respectively. The teeth were embedded in resin-filled PVC rings, and a compressive loading test was carried out for all groups at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. The flexural strengths of the two composite materials were also analyzed using three-point bending test using Universal Testing Machine. The statistical significance (P < 0.05) of the differences between the experimental groups was analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test.

Results:
The mean fracture resistance was highest in Group IV (1877.37 ± 494.79) followed by Group III (1763.69 ± 392.51), Group I (1607.08 ± 283.48), and Group II having the least (1442.08 ± 373.66). The mean fracture resistance overall differed significantly between the four groups (P = 0.048). Tukey test showed fracture resistance differed significantly between Group II and Group IV (P = 0.042) and no significance among other groups.

Conclusion:
Fracture resistance was highest in the group restored with the packable submicron hybrid composite material. The packable submicron methacrylate-based composite material also showed higher flexural strength than stackable nanohybrid composite material.
Esthetic and Functional Rehabilitation of a Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta Using Adhesive and Non-Invasive Techniques
Authors: Palipana Priyake D. , Adikari Achini 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Limited evidence is available on adhesive dentistry in the management of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). The presentation, the conservative management with adhesive techniques, and the outcome of hypoplastic AI are discussed.

Case Report:
Autosomal dominant, hypoplastic AI was diagnosed, on a 36-year-old woman, presented with unesthetic teeth and a history of frequent decay with subsequent complications. Following the hygienic phase, stabilization of caries and root canal treatment (RCT) were done. Coronal restoration of endodontically treated teeth and light-cured direct composite veneering were done in the restorative phase. Surveyed crowns, mucosa-borne partial denture, and a resin-bonded bridge were prescribed in the prosthetic phase. The patient was pleased with the improved masticatory ability and esthetics.

Discussion:
A stepwise least invasive, yet esthetically acceptable treatment options based on adhesive techniques are successful in hypoplastic AI.
Evaluation of arterial stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis patients using pulse wave analysis and serum biomarkers of bone turnover
Authors: Nienaa Yasser A. , El Hadidi Abeer S. , Shawky Ghadeer A. , Elkholy Noha M. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Vascular stiffness is common among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Circulating markers of bone formation play an important role in evaluating bone-mineral disease state as well as in predicting the risk of developing vascular calcification and hence, arterial stiffness.

Aims
This study aimed to assess arterial stiffness in maintenance hemodialysis patients using pulse wave analysis as an index of central and peripheral arterial stiffness and serum procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) as a marker for bone turnover.

Patients and methods
Fifty ESRD patients aged 18 years old or more who have been assigned to regular long-term hemodialysis were included in this study and subjected to complete history taking and physical examination and laboratory investigations including lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose level (mg/dl), serum creatinine, blood urea (mg/dl), serum phosphorus (mg/dl), serum calcium (mg/dl), P1NP (ng/ml), serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) (pg/ml), and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) (U/l), and aortic pulse wave velocity.

Results
There was significant positive correlation between P1NP and PTH (P≤0.01) and between BALP and serum PTH (P≤0.01). There was significant difference between patients with low and high augmentation index regarding BALP (P=0.018).

Conclusion
ESRD patients have a high prevalence of vascular stiffness assessed by pulse wave analysis. There is a significant correlation between BALP and PTH and between P1NP and PTH. There is a relation between markers of bone formation and vascular stiffness.
Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Homocysteine Level in Patients Undergoing Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Gholipur-Shahraki Tahereh , Vahdat Sahar , Seirafian Shiva , Pourfarzam Morteza , Badri Shirinsadat 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
One of the most common diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates is chronic kidney disease. Cardiovascular disease affects most patients with chronic kidney disorders, particularly patients undergoing dialysis; hence, appropriate prevention and management approaches are essential. This study aimed to evaluate the reduction of inflammatory biomarkers, especially homocysteine, by omega-3 fatty acids in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Methods:
This study enrolled 60 peritoneal dialysis patients who met specified inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomized to intervention or placebo groups. Omega-3 capsules were given at a dose of 3 g/d for 8 weeks. Inflammatory markers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine, albumin, and lipid profile measured before and after the study.

Findings:
Results of this trial revealed that the levels of homocysteine, hs-CRP, and albumin did not change significantly during the study. Analysis of lipid profiles before and after intervention showed omega-3 has no significant effect on the level of total cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; However, the level of triglyceride reduced remarkably (P = 0.002). In addition, serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased at the end of the study (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Omega-3 does not seem to be able to change the inflammatory markers significantly, particularly homocysteine. More extensive trials must be conducted to better understand the impact of omega-3 on inflammatory and nutritional markers, particularly in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Planlanmamış Gebeliklerin Yaşanma Sıklığı ve Beden İmajına Etkisi
Authors: BAYER Aslı , TAŞPINAR Ayten 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırma planlanmamış gebeliklerin sıklığını ve beden imajına etkisini
belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, analitik kesitsel olarak Ekim 2019–Ekim 2020 tarihleri
arasında, bir kamu hastanesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın evrenini bu
hastanenin obstetri polikliniğine rutin izlem için başvuran gebeler, örneklemini
ise 300 gebe oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri “Gebe Bilgi Formu ve Beden Algısı
Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ki-kare, Fisher’s
Exact ve student t test kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin %30’unun gebeliğinin planlanmamış
olduğu saptanmıştır. Gebelerin yaşayan çocuk, gebelik, canlı doğum sayıları arttıkça
planlanmamış gebelik oranlarının arttığı, daha önce planlanmamış gebelik
yaşamanın ve gebelikten korunmak için geleneksel yöntemleri kullanmanın da
planlanmamış gebelik oranlarını artırdığı, yapılan istatistiksel analizde bu artışların
anlamlı olduğu saptanmıştır (p0.05). Gebelerin Beden Algısı Ölçeği puan ortalaması 148.24±23.92,
planlayarak gebe kalanların 148.50±21.83 ve planlamadan gebe kalanların ise
147.63±28.32 olup gebeliğin planlanmamış olmasının gebelerin beden imajlarını
etkilemediği bulunmuştur (p=0.775).
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Bu çalışmada gebelerin üçte birinin gebeliklerinin
planlanmamış olduğu, gebelerin beden imaj algılarının orta düzeyde olduğu ve
planlanmamış gebeliklerin gebelerin beden imajlarını etkilemediği bulunmuştur.
Çiftlere, aile planlaması ve üreme sağlığı konularında eğitim ve danışmanlık hizmetlerinin
prekonsepsiyonel dönemden başlamak üzere verilmesi ve mevcut hizmetlerin
gözden geçirilmesi önerilebilir.
EBEVEYNLERİN AĞRISI OLAN ÇOCUĞA YAKLAŞIMLARI
Authors: GÜDEK SEFEROĞLU Emine , DEĞİRMEN Nuriye , GÜROL Ayşe 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Ebeveynlerin ağrısı olan çocuklarına yaptıkları uygulamaları belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırma bir üniversite hastanesinin çocuk kliniklerinde tedavi gören çocukların ebeveynleri ile yapıldı (n=207). Veriler, sosyo-demografik özellikler ile çocuğun ağrısı durumunda ebeveynin yaptığı uygulamaları belirlemeyi amaçlayan anket formu kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde sayı, yüzdelik ve ki-kare testi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Çocukların en sık yaşadığı ağrı deneyiminin boğaz ve karın ağrısı olduğu belirlendi. Ebeveynlerin %25.3’ü çocuklarının boğaz ağrısı olduğunda doktora götürdüklerini, %39.3’ü ilaç, %59.3’ü bitki çayları, %19.3’ü ballı karışımlar kullandıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Ebeveynlerin %13.6’sı çocuklarının karın ağrısı olduğunda doktora götürdüklerini, %18.8’i ilaç, %65.8’i karına masaj, %36.8’i bitki çayları, %38.1’i sıcak uygulama yöntemlerini uyguladıklarını bildirmişlerdir. Ebeveynler çocuklarının ağrısı olduğunda ilaç dışı yöntemler olarak en sık dua okuma, masaj yapma ve ilgisini çekecek konulardan konuşmayı; en az kullanılan yöntemler olarak ise nefes alma egzersizleri, soğuk uygulama ve müzik dinletmeyi uyguladıklarını ifade etti. Ailenin gelir düzeyi, tipi ve yaşadığı yerin ilaç dışı yöntem kullanma durumunda etkili olduğu saptandı (p
JOB-RELATED STRESS AMONG LIBYAN NURSES IN OPERATING-ROOM MISURATA NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE: AN ASSESSMENT BASIS
Authors: ALHAMROSH Fatima , MUSTAFA Ayman , TAŞCI Bahtınur 
Published: December 2022

Aim: In this the job-related stress among Libyan nurses working at the operating room in Misurata National Cancer Institute and explored the occupational stressors in terms of frequency and severity.
Method: The retrospective study was carried out on Libyan nurses, who work in the operating room at Misurata National Cancer Institute. The researcher used purposive sampling wherein all Libyan nurses who had been working as nurses in the operating room in Misurata National Cancer Institute have been defined as participants. There were 14 Libyan Nurses currently working at Misurata Cancer Institute, and all respondents participated.
Results: The occupational stressors have appeared with the most frequent level to be “Workload”, while much severity level of occupational stressors, appears to be “Conflict with other nurses” followed by “workload” and “Insufficient preparation”. The much frequency occurred for occupational stressors item, which appears to be “Lack of medications and equipment, which required for nursing care”, and yet the much occupational stressors severity item appears to be “Conflict with supervisor”, followed by “Performing procedures that patients experience as painful” and “Criticism by a physician” and last item “feeling helpless regarding a patient who had failed to improve”.
Conclusions and Suggestions: From these findings conclude that Libyan nurses required much attention to deal with their social and psychological conditions. This should provide a suitable pathway and help in designing effective stress management systems, that improve the stress level of nurses and thus enable them to provide gentleness patient care.
EBELİK BÖLÜMÜ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ZORUNLU GÖÇLE GELEN BİREYLERE YÖNELİK ELEŞTİREL DÜŞÜNME EĞİLİMLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BAL Sümeyye , KOÇ Emine 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, transkültürel bakım dersi alan ve almayan öğrencilerin zorunlu göçle gelen bireylere yönelik düşüncelerindeki değişimin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, eğitim müdahale çalışmasıdır. Transkültürel bakım dersi kapsamında transkültürel sağlık kavramları, kültürlerarası ebelik kavramı ve ebelik eğitiminde transkültürel yaklaşımlar, etik karar verme ve transkültürel değerler gibi konular öğrenciye verilmektedir. Online olarak haftada 2 saat, dönem boyunca toplamda 14 hafta bu ders aktarımı yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan “Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu ve Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilim Ölçeği” kullanılarak Google form aracılığı ile toplanılmıştır. Verilerin tanımlayıcı analizleri Kolmogorov Smirnov, ortalama ± standart sapma, Mann-Whitney U testi ile yapılmış, anlamlılık düzeyi p
NÖBET SİSTEMİYLE ÇALIŞAN HEMŞİRELERİN UYKU DÜZENİNİN BESLENME DURUMUNA ETKİSİ
Authors: UZDİL Zeynep , KAYA Seda 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu araştırma, nöbet sistemiyle çalışan hemşirelerin uyku kalitesi ile beslenme durumunun (beslenme alışkanlıkları, boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlığı, sağlıklı beslenmeye ilişkin tutumları) değerlendirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışma, online anket yoluyla nöbet sistemi şeklinde çalışan 454 gönüllü hemşirenin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler; anket formu, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi (PUKİ) ve Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği (SBİTÖ) aracılığıyla toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 29.7±7.7 yıl, beden kütle indeksi ortalaması 24.1±4.0 kg/m2'dir. Ortalama uyku kalite skoru 11.1±2.5 puan ve SBİTÖ skoru 72.5±10.1 puandır. İdeal düzeyde yüksek sağlıklı beslenmeye ilişkin tutumları olanların toplam PUKİ puanı, yüksek olanlara göre anlamlı derecede daha düşüktür. PUKİ puanı yüksek olan hemşirelerin nöbette öğün atladığı, öğünlerini atıştırarak tükettiği ve uykusunu yeterince almadığı saptanmıştır. Total PUKİ skorları ile yaş, nöbet sayısı, nöbette çay-kahve tüketimi arasında pozitif, SBİTÖ ile negatif ve zayıf korelasyon bulunmuştur.
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Nöbet sistemiyle çalışmaya bağlı olarak yemek yeme ve uyku saatindeki değişiklikler hemşirelerin beslenme durumunu, uyku kalitesini ve biyolojik saatini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Bu bulguların, vardiyalı çalışmanın neden olduğu sağlığı olumsuz etkileyen faktörleri önlemeye yönelik yeni stratejilerin geliştirilmesi için önemli etkileri vardır. Bu stratejiler arasında nöbet sistemi ile çalışan sağlık çalışanlarına yeterli ve dengeli beslenme eğitimleri yer alabilir.
Influence of Strategic Leadership on Financial Sustainability of NGOs in Kenya
Authors: Kimani John Githii 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: Strategic leadership is capability of the leadership to keep on reinventing motives for the organization’s sustained presence. The leader must have the ability to focus on the organization’s operational activities and at the same time monitor the changes that affect the organization, both internally and externally. Such changes are bound to determine the existence of the organization in the future and they are prospects to grow the firm. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of strategic leadership on financial sustainability of NGOs in Kenya.
Methodology: A desktop literature review was used for this purpose. Relevant seminal references and journal articles for the study were identified using Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria entailed papers that were not over 10 years old.
Findings: Strategic leadership requires expertise in managing both internal and external business environment and engage in a complex information processing. Strategic leadership is not only concerned with the possession of unique abilities that allows for the absorption and learning of new information and ideas, but having the adaptive capacity to appropriately respond to the dynamism and complexity of the external environment. Strategic leadership actions significantly influence performance. The study concludes that there is a positive relationship between the use of strategic planning and organizational performance in today’s corporate environment.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The researcher recommended that balanced organizational controls should be effectively applied to realize good performance. The findings also recommended NGOs leaders should use the strategic leadership well since they are likely to improve their organizational performance significantly.
Evaluation of high-resolution predictions of fine particulate matter and its composition in an urban area using PMCAMx-v2.0
Authors: Dinkelacker Brian T. , Garcia Rivera Pablo , Kioutsioukis Ioannis , Adams Peter J. , Pandis Spyros N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Accurately predicting urban PM2.5 concentrations and composition has proved challenging in the past, partially due to the resolution
limitations of computationally intensive chemical transport models (CTMs). Increasing the resolution of PM2.5 predictions is desired to
support emissions control policy development and address issues related to environmental justice. A nested grid approach using the CTM PMCAMx-v2.0
was used to predict PM2.5 at increasing resolutions of 36 km × 36 km, 12 km × 12 km,
4 km × 4 km, and 1 km × 1 km for a domain largely consisting of Allegheny County and the city of
Pittsburgh in southwestern Pennsylvania, US, during February and July 2017. Performance of the model in reproducing PM2.5 concentrations
and composition was evaluated at the finest scale using measurements from regulatory sites as well as a network of low-cost monitors. Novel
surrogates were developed to allocate emissions from cooking and on-road traffic sources to the 1 km × 1 km resolution
grid. Total PM2.5 mass is reproduced well by the model during the winter period with low fractional error (0.3) and fractional bias
(+0.05) when compared to regulatory measurements. Comparison with speciated measurements during this period identified small underpredictions of
PM2.5 sulfate, elemental carbon (EC), and organic aerosol (OA) offset by a larger overprediction of PM2.5 nitrate. In the summer
period, total PM2.5 mass is underpredicted due to a large underprediction of OA (bias = −1.9 µg m−3, fractional
bias = −0.41). In the winter period, the model performs well in reproducing the variability between urban measurements and rural measurements of
local pollutants such as EC and OA. This effect is less consistent in the summer period due to a larger fraction of long-range-transported
OA. Comparison with total PM2.5 concentration measurements from low-cost sensors showed improvements in performance with increasing
resolution. Inconsistencies in PM2.5 nitrate predictions in both periods are believed to be due to errors in partitioning between
PM2.5 and PM10 modes and motivate improvements to the treatment of dust particles within the model. The underprediction of
summer OA would likely be improved by updates to biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) chemistry within the model, which would result in an increase of long-range transport
SOA seen in the inner modeling domain. These improvements are obvious topics for future work towards model improvement. Comparison with regulatory
monitors showed that increasing resolution from 36 to 1 km improved both fractional error and fractional bias in both modeling
periods. Improvements at all types of measurement locations indicated an improved ability of the model to reproduce urban–rural PM2.5
gradients at higher resolutions.
Resolving seasonal and diel dynamics of non-rainfall water inputs in a Mediterranean ecosystem using lysimeters
Authors: Paulus Sinikka Jasmin , El-Madany Tarek Sebastian , Orth René , Hildebrandt Anke , Wutzler Thomas , Carrara Arnaud , Moreno Gerardo , Perez-Priego Oscar , Kolle Olaf , Reichstein Markus , Migliavacca Mirco 
Published: December 2022

Abstract. The input of liquid water to terrestrial ecosystems is composed of rain and non-rainfall water (NRW). The latter comprises dew, fog, and the adsorption of atmospheric vapor on soil particle surfaces. Although NRW inputs can be relevant to support ecosystem functioning in seasonally dry ecosystems, they are understudied, being relatively small, and therefore hard to measure. In this study, we apply a partitioning routine focusing on NRW inputs over 1 year of data from large, high-precision weighing lysimeters at a semi-arid Mediterranean site. NRW inputs occur for at least 3 h on 297 d (81 % of the year), with a mean diel duration of 6 h. They reflect a pronounced seasonality as modulated by environmental conditions (i.e., temperature and net radiation). During the wet season, both dew and fog dominate NRW, while during the dry season it is mostly the soil adsorption of atmospheric water vapor. Although NRW contributes only 7.4 % to the annual water input, NRW is the only water input to the ecosystem during 15 weeks, mainly in the dry season. Benefitting from the comprehensive set of measurements at our experimental site, we show that our findings are in line with (i) independent measurements and (ii) independent model simulations forced with (near-) surface energy and moisture measurements. Furthermore, we discuss the simultaneous occurrence of soil vapor adsorption and negative eddy-covariance-derived latent heat fluxes. This study shows that NRW inputs can be reliably detected through high-resolution weighing lysimeters and a few additional measurements. Their main occurrence during nighttime underlines the necessity to consider ecosystem water fluxes at a high temporal resolution and with 24 h coverage.