bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing outcomes for use with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR): the CFIR Outcomes Addendum
Authors: Damschroder Laura J. , Reardon Caitlin M. , Opra Widerquist Marilla A. , Lowery Julie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The challenges of implementing evidence-based innovations (EBIs) are widely recognized among practitioners and researchers. Context, broadly defined as everything outside the EBI, includes the dynamic and diverse array of forces working for or against implementation efforts. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is one of the most widely used frameworks to guide assessment of contextual determinants of implementation. The original 2009 article invited critique in recognition for the need for the framework to evolve. As implementation science has matured, gaps in the CFIR have been identified and updates are needed. Our team is developing the CFIR 2.0 based on a literature review and follow-up survey with authors. We propose an Outcomes Addendum to the CFIR to address recommendations from these sources to include outcomes in the framework.

Main text
We conducted a literature review and surveyed corresponding authors of included articles to identify recommendations for the CFIR. There were recommendations to add both implementation and innovation outcomes from these sources. Based on these recommendations, we make conceptual distinctions between (1) anticipated implementation outcomes and actual implementation outcomes, (2) implementation outcomes and innovation outcomes, and (3) CFIR-based implementation determinants and innovation determinants.

Conclusion
An Outcomes Addendum to the CFIR is proposed. Our goal is to offer clear conceptual distinctions between types of outcomes for use with the CFIR, and perhaps other determinant implementation frameworks as well. These distinctions can help bring clarity as researchers consider which outcomes are most appropriate to evaluate in their research. We hope that sharing this in advance will generate feedback and debate about the merits of our proposed addendum.
Incidence and risk factors of in-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients from southern China
Authors: Li Mingrui , Hou Jingyuan , Gu Xiaodong , Weng Ruiqiang , Zhong Zhixiong , Liu Sudong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a challenge for coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stents, and risk factors for ISR are controversial. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of ISR in patients from southern China.

Methods
In this retrospective study, patients diagnosed as acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and underwent successful PCI with drug-eluting stent (DES) and conducted a follow-up coronary angiography in Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of Meizhou People’s Hospital at the period of January 1st, 2016 to January 1st, 2021 were included for analysis. The clinical and angiographic factors were compared between patients in ISR ( +) and ISR (−) groups. The association between variables and ISR was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression model.

Result
A total of 341 ACS patients who had been installed at least 1 stent were included in this study. The follow-up time was 34.2 ± 17.2 months. During the follow-up period, 62 (18.2%) patients experienced ISR, and the average time for ISR was 32.8 months; the incidence of ISR for left main coronary artery, left anterior descending coronary artery, left circumflex artery coronary artery and right coronary artery were 6.7%, 20.9%, 19.4% and 14.4%, respectively; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stent number, stent type, statin therapy, antiplatelet therapy were significantly different between patients in ISR ( +) and ISR (−) group. Multivariate logistic analysis suggested that LVEF and stent number were significantly correlated with ISR.

Conclusion
Our study revealed the incidence and risk factors of ISR in patients from southern China. Our data suggested that LVEF and stent number were independent risk factors associated with ISR.
Incidence and factors associated with postoperative delirium in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor
Authors: Nakatani Shohei , Ida Mitsuru , Wang Xiaoying , Naito Yusuke , Kawaguchi Masahiko 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium is an important complication after surgery, including urological surgery. This study evaluated the incidence of postoperative delirium and its associated factors after transurethral resection of bladder tumor in adult patients.

Methods
Patients aged ≥20 years who underwent elective transurethral resection of bladder tumor under general anesthesia from April 2016 to November 2020 were included. Patient demographic and intraoperative data, including the administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid and hypotension, defined as a mean arterial pressure value < 60 mmHg, were evaluated. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative delirium assessed using a chart-based method. The factors associated with postoperative delirium were explored using multiple logistic regression analysis. Postoperative lengths of stay between patients with and without postoperative delirium were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results
Of 324 eligible patients with a median age of 76, 26 patients experienced postoperative delirium, with an incidence rate of 8.0% (95% confidence interval, 5.06–10.9). Age (odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.22, p = 0.001) and body mass index (odds ratio 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.71–0.97, p = 0.02) were associated with postoperative delirium. Postoperative length of stay between patients with or without postoperative delirium was not significantly different (6 vs 6 days, p = 0.18).

Conclusions
The incidence of postoperative delirium after transurethral resection of bladder tumor under general anesthesia in this study was 8.0%. Older age and low body mass index were associated with development of postoperative delirium.
Subchorionic hematoma and pregnancy outcomes in patients with threatened miscarriage
Authors: Naz Sumaira , Irfan Sheikh , Naru Tahira , Malik Ayesha 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare maternal and perinatal outcomes in patients with threatened miscarriage with or without subchorionic hematoma (SCH) at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital. The study included 200 patients of <20 weeks singleton pregnancy with threatened miscarriage from January 2016 till December 2018. These patients were divided into two groups based on the presence (study group) or absence of subchorionic hematoma (control) on ultrasound imaging. Baseline demographic data, and obstetric outcomes were compared for the two groups.
Results: The incidence of subchorionic hematoma was observed to be 30.5% (61/200). Most of the patients of SCH and non SCH groups presented in first trimester. Age and BMI were similar for both groups however there were more multigravida patients in the SCH group (63% versus 46.7%, P=0.12). A higher number of patients in the SCH group ended up in spontaneous miscarriage in contrast to patients with no SCH (13% versus 6.1%, P=0.07) and also had a greater proportion of small for gestational age (SGA) babies (8.9% versus 3.9%) though no statistical significance was observed. There were more preeclamptic patients in SCH group as compared to non SCH group (4.8% versus 0.7%) and the trend was statistically significant (P=0.05). However, no significant correlation of hematoma size and adverse pregnancy outcomes was found in SCH group.
Conclusion: Our study shows that women with threatened miscarriage having SCH are at a higher risk of having preeclampsia and SGA and hence these pregnancies warrant greater surveillance.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4283
How to cite this:Naz S, Irfan S, Naru T, Malik A. Subchorionic hematoma and pregnancy outcomes in patients with threatened miscarriage. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.3.4283
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Genetic diversity and morphological variation of Pinus gerardiana along the environmental gradient from Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: Gul Janat , Saeed Shazia , Ahmed Alia , Laghari Saad ullah khan , Basit Abdul , Rehman Abdul , Zahid Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Gul J, Saeed S, Ahmed A, Leghari SK, Basit A, Rehman A, Khan MZ. 2021. Genetic diversity and morphological variation of Pinus gerardiana along the environmental gradient from Zhob, Balochistan, Pakistan. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 121-128. Pinus gerardiana, an evergreen gymnosperm, is an economically- and ecologically valuable tree found in the Takhte Suleman Mountain Range, Zhob northeastern edge of the Balochistan, Pakistan. The present study is based on the assessment of the impact of environmental gradients with special reference to altitudinal gradient and soil variables on morphological, phytochemicals and genetic variation of P. gerardiana. A total of 27 genotypes of P. gerardiana were collected from the three elevation zones ranging from 2000 - 3500 m above sea level. The genetic diversity was assessed by combined markers, the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR). Polymorphic bands analyzed the data to generate a dendrogram, based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Morphological characters assessed the morphological characters. Phytochemicals were investigated; the total phenolic content and total flavonoid contents were estimated and compared amongst all accessions. Our results revealed variations along altitudinal gradients and related to soil characteristics. The populations at the Middle altitude zone have greater diversity than populations at lower and higher altitudes. The resulting altitudinal variation can be attributed to various geographical and environmental conditions. These results can help in conservation and cultivation of this economically important tree.
Antibacterial activity of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extracts against bacteria associated with wound infections from the clinical setting
Authors: BABAYEMI OLAWALE OLADEJO , OKE EBENEZER AYODELE , BAYODE MICHAEL TOSIN 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Babayemi OO, Oke EA, Bayode MT. 2021. Antibacterial activity of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extracts against bacteria associated with wound infections from the clinical setting. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 260-267. The use of microbial agents to treat infectious wounds based on ethnobotanical knowledge is still minimal. Antibacterial activity of Jatropha tanjorensis J.L.Ellis & Saroja leaf crude extracts and commercial antibiotics were evaluated against bacterial isolates associated with wound samples using agar well diffusion and disc diffusion techniques, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the sections was carried out using standard methods. Saponin (58 mg/g) was the highest phytochemical in the methanol extract while flavonoid (0.1 mg/g) was the lowest percentage in the coldwater extract. Methanol extract had had the highest Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) of 33 mm against Staphylococcus aureus coagulase-positive, while the lowest ZOI (5 mm) against S. aureus coagulase-positive was obtained from cold water extract. Methanol extract resulted in the highest ZOI ranging from 16 mm to 17 mm against Escherichia coli while the lowest ZOI was obtained from coldwater extract (3-4 mm). The highest Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value of all extracts (100 mg/mL) was obtained against P. aeruginosa while the lowest MIC value was obtained against coagulase-positive S. aureus (12.5 mg/mL). All extracts contain Octadecanoic acid, n-hexadecanoic acid, and phytol. The study's outcome revealed that methanol extract had the highest inhibitory activity against bacteria isolated from wound samples compared to other crude extracts and ciprofloxacin. Jatropha tanjorensis could be used as a potent herbal remedy to reduce the adverse effects of wound infection.
Plant-extract-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Eleutherine americana bulb extract and its characterization
Authors: MANULLANG JULINDA ROMAULI , NUGROHO RUDY AGUNG , ROHMAH MIFTAKHUR , RUDIANTO RUDIANTO , QORYSUCHI AMANDA 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Manullang JR, Nugroho RA, Rohmah M, Rudianto, Qorysuchi A. 2021. Plant-extract-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Eleutherine americana bulb extract and its characterization. Nusantara Bioscience 13: 247-254. The plant-based biosynthesis of nanoparticles has gained increasing momentum due to being lower in cost and eco-friendly. This study aimed to biosynthesize nanoparticles from the bulb ethanolic extract of Eleutherine americana (Aubl.) Merr. ex K.Heyne (Ea-AgNPs), then characterize Ea-AgNPs and determine their phytochemical content and antioxidant capacity. The Ea-AgNPs were synthesized using ethanolic extract of E. americana bulb along with various concentrations of AgNO3 (0.5-4 mM). The Ea-AgNPs were then characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopic, Scanning Electron Microscopy/ Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), X-ray Powder Diffractometry (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The results indicated that E. americana can be used to reduce AgNO3 to synthesize Ea-AgNPs, indicated by color change, and had optimum UV/VIS spectra at 400 nm. The FTIR analysis found that Ea-AgNPs showed peaks at 2919, 2850, 1586, and 1031 cm1, containing several important biocompounds. Additionally, the XRD results found an amorphous Ea-AgNP peak with maximum intensity and proportion of silver occurring at 24 Theta. The particle size distribution curve of Ea-AgNPs showed a size of 105 nm. Furthermore, SEM/EDX analysis revealed an optical absorption characteristic peak at 3 keV. The EDX examination revealed three signals: a strong signal from the C atom (70.99 %), an O atom (28.95 %), and Ag atom (0.06 %). The TEM imaging also showed the characteristics of Ea-AgNPs. Some phytochemicals such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins were found in Ea-AgNPs, with IC50 values of 45.30 ppm.
Risk of Unmasking on Schizophrenia Double Blind Clinical Trials Using Risperidone versus Comparator As A Result of Laboratory Analysis
Authors: Barbu Bogdan - Viorel , Muresan Daniela , Gabos Grecu Cristian , Gabos Grecu Iosif 
Published: January 2022

Background: Randomized double blind clinical trial is the most used and accepted method of clinical research involving human subjects. Clinical researches are performed under strict regulatory regulations including Helsinki Declaration and International Conference for Harmonization Good Clinical Practice (ICH – GCP) recommendations. As per ICH GCP principles safety and well being of clinical trials patients should prevail over research objectives and their health status should be monitored throughout the trial using objective and concise indicators such as but not limited to laboratory analysis.
This study aims to identify factors that might unblind risperidone treatment arms for patients enrolled in randomized double blind schizophrenia clinical trials using risperidone versus comparator, as a result of reviewing safety laboratory analysis.
Methods: This study included 134 controlled schizophrenia patients who received treatment with risperidone versus antipsychotic agents with lower dopamine antagonist potency. Prolactine values were determined using imunoenzimatic and colorimetric method (ELISA) for cantitative determination of prolactine from serum or plasma.
Results: 84% percent of the patients treated with risperidone showed elevated levels for prolactine above laboratory reference ranges defined as: Men ( 1.8 – 17.0 ng/ml) ; Women ( fertile 1.2 – 19.5 ng/ml, menopause 1.5 – 18.5 ng/ml)
Conclusions: High elevated values of prolactin were determined for risperidone treated patients which might disclose the patient treatment arm to blinded investigator and jeopardize the research. As lab results are an essential safety factor of clinical trial those cannot be overruled and establishing Independent Data Monitoring Committee to oversee patients’ data and warn the investigator is recommended.
Effects of flow condition and chute geometry on the shockwaves formed on chute spillway
Authors: Rovesht Tohid Jamali , Manafpour Mohammad , Lotfi Mehdi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Shock waves have undesirable effects, such as excessive dynamic pressure on spillway walls and the extension of flow beyond spillway conduits. To eliminate these detrimental impacts, designers have attempted to detect the characteristics of these waves. Flow interaction with chute piers generates triple waves in the middle walls and sidewalls of spillway conduits. The present study quantitatively investigated the characteristics of these waves with respect to variations in the bottom inclination angle (θ), wall contraction (φ), and Fr numbers (). The results indicated that with the increment of θ, , (φ, ), and (θ, ), the height () and distance () of the first wave increased, which can be helpful for flow aeration. Furthermore, owing to a boost in θ, , (φ, ), and (θ, ), the height of the second wave was decreased. Therefore, the amount of dynamic pressure on the spillway walls was reduced. Moreover, the distance of decreased with a rise in θ, φ and increased with the increment of and (φ, ). As for , raising φ and (φ, ) elevated the height of this wave and declined its distance. An increase in the height of boosted the flow turbulence and aeration.
Tocap: a web tool for ad-hoc campaign planning in terrestrial hydrology
Authors: Nixdorf Erik , Eggert Daniel , Morstein Peter , Kalbacher Thomas , Dransch Doris 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Planning an event-based monitoring campaign on the regional scale is challenging, e.g. the timing and location of monitoring visits can dramatically impact monitoring efficacy and depends on the optimal environmental conditions required by the measurement parameters and the overarching monitoring goal. Therefore we developed a generic campaign planning approach utilizing interactive visualization methods and implemented this approach into the component-based web tool called Tocap: Tool for Campaign Planning. As a case study, we determine the most suitable time and location for event-driven, ad-hoc monitoring in hydrology using soil moisture measurements as our target variable. Our approach supports: (1) data acquisition from various digital data sources, (2) identification of the most suitable locations for measurements, (3) identification of the most suitable time for measurements at the selected locations, and (4) planning an optimized monitoring route.
Assessment of zinc concentrations in surface sediment from urban and industrial sites of Umeda River, Japan
Authors: Kusuma Wardhani Widyastuti , Dwi Ariesyady Herto , Andarani Pertiwi , Ngoc Nguyen Minh , Yokota Kuriko , Inoue Takanobu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in the urban river has become the most severe problem in the urban environment, especially the zinc (Zn) compound is harmful to the environment at current levels of exposure. This study aims to assess the impact of urbanization and industrialization on Zn pollution in surface sediment at the Umeda River. Triplicate surface sediment samples were collected at nine sample points. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for analyzing the Zn and Fe concentrations. The surface sediments in the Umeda River contained 48–159 mg/kg of Zn. The results indicated that Zn concentrations were abundant in the ascending order of 600–1,000 μm, 300–600 μm, and smaller than 300 μm. The higher the grain size, the higher the particulate organic carbon which might contribute to the higher Zn and Fe concentrations. In addition, the sediment quality guidelines indicated that the Zn levels in the study area did not constitute a major threat to biota. Normalization with Fe showed that the Zn pollution in surface sediment had been influenced by anthropogenic activities such as industrialization and urbanization.
A new method to determine the scale range of environmental damage caused by water pollution accidents
Authors: Guo Gaimei , Duan Runbin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, water pollution accidents have happened frequently and have caused serious environmental damage. The purpose of this study was to propose a new method to determine the scale range of environmental damage in water pollution events. In this study, taking Fen River in Shanxi Province as an example, a computer simulation system was used to simulate the diffusion and migration process of phenol at different concentrations, so as to determine the curve series of the scale range of environmental damage caused by the simulated water pollution event. At the same time, taking the incident of water pollution caused by phenol leakage in Jingle County as an example, the actual scale range of environmental damage was compared with the simulated scale range, so as to determine the error of the scale range of environmental damage. The results showed that the maximum error of the curve series of the scale range of environmental damage was 22.4%, and the minimum error was 7.5%, which indicated that the error of the scale range of environmental damage was small, and proved that this method of quantitatively determining the scale range of environmental damage had certain scientific nature.
Component structure and characteristic analysis of cyanobacterial organic matters
Authors: Sun Feng , Ye Shuo , Xu Chenhui , Wang Fengyi , Yu Peng , Jiang Huanglin , Huang Qinyun , Cong Haibing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The characteristic analysis of cyanobacterial organic matters is an important premise of cyanobacterial organic pollution control. This paper investigated the component structure characteristics of algal organic matters (AOM) secreted and released by cyanobacteria in laboratory culture and actual Taihu Lake environment by spectroscopic quantitative and qualitative methods. Results showed that the secretion amount of AOM was mainly 4–6 μg COD/106 cells during the growth period of Microcystis aeruginosa, and the content ratio of extracellular organic matters (EOM) to intracellular organic matters (IOM) gradually increased from 0.83 in adaptation and logarithmic period to 3.33 in stable and decay period. The secretion of IOM showed a decrease trend, which indicated the decrease of its synthesis or the gradual infiltration and loss caused by cell membrane damage. From the component characteristics, the EOM had lower SUVA value and higher proportion of small molecular substances with molecular weight &lt;3 kDa, indicating its more difficult to separate from water than IOM. Compared with the laboratory culture environment, the actual Taihu Lake resulted in more obvious characteristic heterogeneity of cyanobacteria EOM and IOM.