bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of Curcumin and Photodynamic Therapy Based on the Use of Red
Light or Near-Infrared Radiation in Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Marinho Marcelo Augusto  Germani , Marques Magno da Silva , Cordeiro Marcos Freitas , de Moraes Vaz Batista Filgueira Daza , Horn Ana Paula 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic intervention that can be applied to cancer treatment.
The interaction between a photosensitizer (PS), ideal wavelength radiation, and tissue molecular oxygen triggers
a series of photochemical reactions responsible for producing reactive oxygen species. These highly reactive species
can decrease proliferation and induce tumor cell death. The search for PS of natural origin extracted from plants becomes
relevant, as they have photoactivation capacity, preferentially targeting tumor cells and because they do not
present any or little toxicity to healthy cells.

Objective:
Our work aimed to carry out a qualitative systematic review to investigate the effects of curcumin (CUR), a
molecule considered as PS of natural origin, on PDT, using red light or near-infrared radiation in tumor models.

Methods:
A systematic search was performed in three databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) using the
PICOT method, retrieving a total of 1,373 occurrences. At the end of the peer screening, 25 eligible articles were included
in this systematic review using inclusion, exclusion, and eligibility criteria.

Results:
CUR, whether in its free state, associated with metal complexes or other PS and in a nanocarrier system, was
considered a relevant PS for PDT using red light or near-infrared against tumoral models in vitro and in vivo, acting by
increasing cytotoxicity, inhibiting proliferation, inducing cell death mainly by apoptosis, and changing oxidative parameters.

Conclusion:
The results found in this systematic review suggest the potential use of CUR as a PS of natural origin to
be applied in PDT against many neoplasms, encouraging further search in PDT against cancer and serving as an investigative
basis for upcoming pre-clinical and clinical applications.
Applications of Herbal Drug Delivery Through a Targeted Approach Using Vesicular Carriers
Authors: Shree Dipthi , Patra Chinam N. , Acharjya Sasmita K. , Sahoo Biswa M. 
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective:Herbal medicines exhibit pronounced therapeutic activity with minimal toxic effects. The use of the herbal drug through the oral route is considered to be an impediment owing to its poor bioavailability. Therefore, an alternative approach to the Transdermal route was adopted. It has been a challenge for pharmaceutical scientists to deliver the herbal compound effectively through the skin due to the presence of the impregnable layer i.e. the Stratum corneum. Various strategies were employed to overcome the obstruction property of the skin. Firstly, vesicular liposomes were developed and they were unable to access the intact skin layer namely the stratum corneum. Later the use of novel lipid-based vesicular carriers such as ethosomes, invasomes, glycerosomes, transferosomes, and transethosomes for herbal drug delivery showed an increased efficiency to penetrate through the stratum corneum. Furthermore, the use of novel niosomes and proniosomes which are categorized as surfactant-based vesicular carriers improves the skin permeation of the herbal medicationMethods:In this current review, painstaking efforts were made to compile and update the various applications of the emerging vesicular carriers such as ethosomes, transethosomes, transferosomes, glycerosomes, invasomes, niosomes, and proniosomes which are employed in herbal drug formulations. This article portrays a detailed survey about varied applications as viz., anti-cancer, anti-acne, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-aging, anti-diabetic, etc. in the form of tables.Conclusion:The application of herbal medicines by employing a suitable novel carrier can exhibit a pronounced therapeutic activity. Therefore, extensive research in the field of herbal drug technology is carried out to impart the phytoconstituents to the targeted sites.
Monitoring of Surgical Wounds with Purely Textile, Measuring Wound Pads – I. The Concept, and Technical Wound Models for Wound Pad Testing with Performance
Authors: Pötzschke Harald , Zirk Kai-Uwe 
Published: April 2022

Aims:
Aim of this investigation was the development of technical skin models that simulate the conditions under wound pads which protect post-operative wounds. The models will be used to test new purely textile measuring wound dressings.

Background:
The main complications in the healing of surgical e.g., post-operative) wounds are caused by (1) bacterial infections, (2) the discharge of blood or seroma, and (3) haemorrhage or seroma formation.

Methods:
In this new concept described and explained here, these problems can all be monitored using purely textile smart wound dressings in which sensors in the form of functionalized yarns are incorporated into a carrier textile.

Results:
Technical skin models are described which can be used to assess how different dressings respond to simulated skin properties. The skin models are (1) a temperature model with simulated “inflamed” skin suture, (2) a moisture model with a sudden increase in water content, and (3) a model showing the elongation of wound dressings with fixed (taped) edges when the tissue volume increases.

Conclusion:
Key variables for assessing the quality of the skin models are presented.
Digital technology in physical education distance learning during pandemic: teachers’ perspective
Authors: Nopembri Soni , Saryono Saryono , Muktiani Nur Rohmah , Listyarinni Anastasia Erlina , Shahril Mohd Izwan Bin 
Published: April 2022

The aims of study to describe the utilization of information technology and telecommunications in Physical Education (PE) distance learning process during the covid-19 pandemic. This quantitative study conducted with a survey method. The subjects of this study were primary and secondary school PE teachers who were determined based on clusters of three regions/regions, namely: schools in urban, suburban, and rural areas in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with a total of 238 people. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to the primary and secondary school PE teachers online and offline. The data analysis applied is descriptive quantitative with percentages. The results of the study show that PE teachers apply hardware and software that already exist and are popular in Indonesia. PE teachers communicate with their students, especially WhatsApp, Email, Instagram, and Facebook, and also use social media applications in various ways. The utilzation of the Google Classroom as a Learning Management System (LMS) is very dominant.
Video-Observed Therapy With a Notification System for Improving the Monitoring of Tuberculosis Treatment in Thailand: Usability Study
Authors: Kumwichar Ponlagrit , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi , Prappre Tagoon 
Published: April 2022

Background
In Thailand, the health care system has struggled to cope with COVID-19, resulting in directly observed therapy for tuberculosis being de-emphasized. A video-observed therapy (VOT) system, or more specifically, the Thai VOT (TH VOT) system, was developed to replace directly observed therapy. According to the pilot study, the system needed notifications to improve usability and user compliance. The updated version of the TH VOT system thus enabled LINE (Line Corporation) notifications.

Objective
This study aimed to reassess users’ compliance with and the usability of the updated TH VOT system.

Methods
This study was conducted in the Hat Yai and Mueang Songkhla districts in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand, from September 18 to December 1, 2021. The system was used by not only patients with tuberculosis but also tuberculosis staff, who acted as observers in primary health care settings. Some of the observers used the simulated VOT system instead of the actual system due to the lack of participating patients in their jurisdiction. After 30 days of using the system, VOT session records were analyzed to determine the compliance of the patients and observers. The User Experience Questionnaire was administered to reassess the usability of the system and compare the ratings of the participants with the general benchmark scores of the User Experience Questionnaire. The results were summarized to reveal the degree of user compliance and usability in the following three groups: the patients, actual VOT observers, and simulated VOT observers.

Results
Of the 19 observers, 10 used the actual VOT system, and the remaining 9 used the simulated VOT system; there were also 10 patients with tuberculosis. The patients, actual VOT observers, and simulated VOT observers exhibited about 70%, 65%, and 50% compliance, respectively, in terms of following the standard operating procedures every day. The scores of all groups on all dimensions were well above the average scores. There was no significant difference in any of the dimensional scores among the three groups.

Conclusions
The updated version of the TH VOT system was deemed usable by both the patients and the health care staff. Compliance with the use of the system was high among the patients but moderate among the observers.
Case Series to evaluate role of Nutool Therapy on Headache frequency, MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment Score) headache intensity by VAS in diagnosed cases of Shaqiqa (Migraine) in Delhi
Authors: Adil Mohd , Anjum Ruby , Wani Paras , Perveen Aisha 
Published: April 2022

Almost all Unani physicians have advocated Nutool therapy in the management of migraine (Shaqiqa), particularly with or without medicated oil or liquid, but unfortunately these have not evaluated on scientific parameters. Despite the fact that, this therapy is in the practice of Unani physician and a large number of patients have been treated successfully; this regimen still requires scientific validation to generalize their popularity and acceptability. Present paper is the case series of diagnosed migraine patients to assess the effect of Nutool therapy on headache intensity, MIDAS scale and Pain intensity. The present study entitled “Case Series to evaluate role of Nutool Therapy on Headache frequency (from the daily headache diary),MIDAS (migraine disability assessment score) headache intensity by VAS in diagnosed cases of Shaqiqa (Migraine) in patients attending HAHU and SUMER ,Jamia Hamdard Delhi was conducted in the Department of Tahaffuzi-wa-samaji Tib, SUMER, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi during the period of September 2020 to Nov 2020 in Psychiatric OPD of HAHC Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi on diagnosed Patients of Migraine as per ICHD3rd (International classification of headache disorders) Criteria. Nutool with Rogan Gul was done for 30 minutes for 12 sittings. The analysis of Nutool therapy on intensity of pain was done and it was found that Nutool therapy reduced the intensity of pain, and it was found statistically significant P<.005 (ANOVA of repeated measures) Freidman statistic Fr =17.76. Nutool therapy also reduced the MIDAS (migraine disability assessment score) and was statistically significant (P<.0047).and was effective on intensity of headache and found statistically significantly P<.0001. Further studies need to be carried out so that it can be advocated on large scale in management of migraine effectively.
Keywords: Migraine, Nutool, Rogan-e-Gul, MIDAS, VAS, Pain.
The Effect of Headset/Earphone Use on Hearing Decrease
Authors: Poluan Fransiskus Harf 
Published: April 2022

Chronic noise exposure due to the use of a headset for listening to music can reduce hearing function. This thesis aims to determine the effect of the use of a headset to function hearing in terms of duration of use, frequency of use, and the volume when listening to music. Some people listen to music using the headset is not only for relaxation but also to increase their concentration on work. Using a headset can avoid interference, thereby increasing the concentration of the individual. It is essential to realize the influence of music and the use of a headset on the performance and safety of workers while doing their job.
Keywords: Headset, the effect of the use of headsets
Overview of Anti-platelet Drug Use in Ischemic Stroke Patients at UKI General Hospital in 2015
Authors: Djojosaputro Mulyadi , Aritonang Christina Roseville Lasma 
Published: April 2022

Stroke is an acute neuro-deficit disease that occurs when there is a disturbance of cerebral blood flow. There are two kinds of stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is a stroke that occurs due to the formation of thrombosis and emboli. Thrombosis and emboli block the bloodstream in small blood vessels or prominent blood vessels. Drugs that can cause disturbance to the hemostasis mechanism, such as antiplatelets, are usually used on stroke management. This study aims to know the types and amounts of antiplatelet drugs used on stroke ischemic patients in UKI General Hospital from January to December 2015. This research showed that stroke ischemic occurs more often at age 61 -70 (43%). There are no significant differences between both genders, the most common drugs are Aspilet 80 mg (22 times). For combination drugs, Clopidogrel with Aspilet is used more often than Clopidogrel with Ascardia.
Keywords: stroke, thrombosis, antiplatelet
Hepatoprotective Properties of Sarcocephalus latifolius Extract in Hyperglycemic Rat Model
Authors: Chukwudozie Kingsley I. , Ezeudoka Brendan C. , Okechukwu Vanessa C. 
Published: April 2022

Currently, there is a need for safe, effective, and less costly antidiabetic medications, and investigating medicinal plants for new antidiabetic medication is gaining increased attention. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease associated with hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatocellular damage. Sarcocephalus latifolius (family Rubiaceae) has been widely explored in ethnomedicine for the treatment and management of various disorders. The biochemical, hepatoprotective, and histological effects of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract of S. latifolius in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Thirty (30) juvenile male Wistar rats were placed into six groups, each with five rats: Normal rats made up Group 1, while diabetic rats in Groups 2–4 were given 200, 400, and 800 mg/Kg body weight of aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract, respectively; diabetic rats in Group 5 were given a standard anti-diabetic drug (0.2 mg/kg glibenclamide), and diabetic rats in Group 6 were left untreated. When compared to control rats, Alloxan induction led to a significant elevation in plasma glucose level, liver enzymes, low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG), but a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL). The alterations in the following parameters were returned to normal levels when the diabetic rats were administered S. latifolius extract. The results indicate that S. latifolius showed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials, and may serve as a remedy for the management of diabetes.
Keywords: Sarcocephalus latifolius, Diabetes, Albino rats, Alloxan, Liver
Safety Assessment of Glyphaea brevis Spreng. (Tiliaceae): Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Leaf Aqueous Extract in Mice and Wistar Rats
Authors: Dakam William , Nguemfo Edwige Laure , Fannang Simone Véronique , Azombo Erika Lionelle Asseng , Ndomou Mathieu 
Published: April 2022

Background: Despite the various medicinal applications of Glyphaea brevis, no toxicology data are available that could guarantee its safety or describe its possible toxic effects. We studied the acute and subacute toxicity of leaf aqueous extract of G. brevis (GbAE) in animal models.
Materials and methods: In acute toxicity study, mice were given a single oral administration of GbAE at doses of 1000, 2000 and 5000 mg/kg body weight (bw). The animals were monitored for behavioral changes and possible mortality over a 48-hour period, thereafter for 14 days. In the subacute toxicity study, rats were administered G. brevis extract at doses of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg bw daily, for 28 days. Tissue specimens of the liver and kidneys were subjected to histological examination using standard hematoxylin-eosin staining. An array of hematological (blood cells count and morphology) and biochemical assessments of blood (ALT, AST, urea, uric acid and creatinine) were performed.
Results: In acute toxicity study, GbAE at a dose of 5000 mg/kg caused some signs of toxicity and mortality was higher in males than in females. Subacute toxicity study revealed that GbAE at a dose of 1200 mg/kg caused significant increase of lymphocytes rate as well as serum rates of ALT and creatinin. Microscopically, there were slight hepatic and renal tissue inflammation that was reversible.
Conclusion: Some caution should be taken when G. brevis leaves are to be administered repetitively for long periods. Additional preclinical toxicological data should be acquired and ascertained over repeated long-term studies.
Keywords: Glyphaea brevis, toxicity, histopathology, liver, kidney
ADME-Tox profile of Cuminaldehyde (4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde) from Cuminum cyminum seeds for potential biomedical applications
Authors: Ramya S. , Loganathan T. , Chandran M. , Priyanka R. , Kavipriya K. , Grace Lydial Pushpalatha G. Lydial , Aruna Devaraj , Abraham GC. , Jayakumararaj R. 
Published: April 2022

Cuminum cyminum L (Family: Apiaceae) is a small multipurpose herb. Seeds of cumin are widely used as a spice for its distinctive aroma, and more commonly in various indigenous traditional systems of medicine. Access through web literature provides ample evidence for biomedical activities of Cuminum cyminum seeds (CCS). CCS has been used in traditional medicine to treat variety of diseases, including hypolipidemia, cancer, and diabetes. Biomedical properties of CCS is attributed to its phytochemical class of compounds viz., terpenes, phenols and flavonoids. Health effects of CCS have been experimentally validated through phytochemical screening deciphering the fact that it contains a large number of bioactive secondary metabolites (BASMs) viz., alkaloid, coumarin, anthraquinones, flavonoid, glycoside, protein, resin, saponin, tannin and steroid. Furthermore, pharmacological studies indicate that BASMs in CCS exert antimicrobial, insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-platelet-aggregation, hypotensive, bronchodilatory, immunological, contraceptive, anti-amyloidogenic, anti-osteoporotic, aldose reductase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibitory effects. Cuminaldehyde is one of the major bioactive compounds in CCS that holds significant pharmacological prominence. However, in-depth studies are lacking henceforth warranted to elucidate and fill the gaps, particularly on phytocompound isolation, pre-clinical, clinical characterization, and evaluation of structure–activity relationship. The present study prospects ADMETox perspectives of cuminaldehyde (4-Isopropylbenzaldehyde).
Keywords: Cuminaldehyde; Isopropylbenzaldehyde; Cuminum cyminum; ADMETox; Natural Product (NP)
Utilization of Ambon Banana Stem (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L)) Ethanol Extract as Moisturizing Sheet Mask
Authors: Ginting Indra , Rudang Singgar Ni , Naldi Jefri , Siboro Esrawani , Leny Leny 
Published: April 2022

Ambon banana stem are known to contain chemical compounds including flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. One of these chemical compounds has the potential as an antioxidant, namely flavonoids which has antioxidant properties as free radical scavengers. Antioxidants can be used to repair skin cells damaged by free radicals, these antioxidants can provide a moisturizing and brightening effect on the skin so that the skin is not only kept moist and looks radiant. The purpose of this study was to formulate sheet mask preparation from ethanol extract of Ambon banana stem (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L)) into various concentration 5%, 7% and 9%. The sheet mask was then being examined for its activity to provide smoother skin after 4 weeks of treatment by measuring skin moisture content. Data was then being analyzed using ANOVA method. The research showed that sheet mask preparation of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract met the requirements for organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, pH, irritation test. In increasing moisture content of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract sheet mask preparation, showed insignificant value (p > 0.05) where there is no significant difference toward the positive control. These results conclude that the sheet mask preparation of Ambon banana stem ethanol extract provides a moisturizing effect on skin.
Keywords: Ambon banana stem, moisturizer, sheet mask
Cannabinoid as Pain Modulation: The Review
Authors: Saikia Deepjyoti 
Published: April 2022

Cannabinoids are the most commonly recognized herbal plant, having much medicinal importance from ancient times and plays an important role in Indian culture. Now a day’s cannabinoids are used for many therapeutic purposes, and under clinical trial by various institutions. In the latest discovery within humans, it was found that we also have cannabinoids, receptors, and enzymes in our body, so it is termed as endocannabinoids, it consists of receptors CB1 and CB­2, endocannabinoids and their enzyme. Most of the phyto-cannabinoids work in these receptors, which result in Ant inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antiemetic, antifungal, antibiotic, AChE inhibitor. The most common effect shown is pain modulation, in this article we are getting into various methods by which phyto-cannabinoids modulate pain signals in our body and all the clinical trial which is ongoing or complicated the trial on cannabis.
Keywords: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CANNABINOIDS, Endocannabinoid system (ECS), Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP).
A Synopsize Report of the Various Perspectives of Urolithiasis and its Ethno-Medical Future
Authors: Sharma Sarita , Raval Amit J. , Koneri Raju , Sharma Gaurav Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Kidney stone formation or urolithiasis is a complex process that results from a series of physicochemical events, including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention in the kidney. Urolithiasis affects about 10% of people in the Western world in their 70s. Epidemiological data show that calcium oxalate is the major mineral in most kidney stones.
To date, great progress has been achieved in identifying metabolic risk factors that predispose to this complex condition, the most prominent of which is hypercalcemia. The unique genetic and epigenetic elements concerned in urolithiasis have remained largely unknown, thanks in part to the candidate gene and linkage techniques that have been available to date, which are inherently low in terms of their decision-making power and ability to assess modest outcomes in complicated traits.
However, when combined with studies of rare Mendeliantypes of urolithiasis linked to various metabolic danger factors, those methodologies have shown organic pathways that appear to underpin the improvement of stones in the urinary system. Furthermore, despite substantial improvements in research into the biochemical and physical signs of kidney stones, therapeutic therapy medications are in short supply. Phytotherapy may be effective as an alternative or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of urolithiasis, according to data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations. This article discusses the various varieties of stones, as well as their characteristics.
The varieties of stones, their composition, clinical evaluation, various surgical procedures for removal, treatment downsides, and several herbal medicine details giving therapeutic effects are all included in this review.
Keywords: Urolithiasis, Epidemiological data, Diagnosis, Herbal drugs, Ethno medicines.