bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of humic acid and biofertilizers changes oil and phenolic compounds of fennel and fenugreek in intercropping systems
Authors: Ghaderimokri Lavin , Rezaei-Chiyaneh Esmaeil , Ghiyasi Mahdi , Gheshlaghi Mohammad , Battaglia Martin Leonardo , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study investigated the effect of organic/biofertilizers in intercropping patterns on seed yield and yield components and essential oil, fatty acid, and phenolic compounds of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Experimental treatments included the application of humic acid (HA), biofertilizers (BFS), and the unfertilized control in five planting patterns [1 row fennel + 2 rows fenugreek intercropping (1F:2FG), 2 rows fennel + 2 rows fenugreek intercropping (2F:2FG), 2 rows fennel + 4 rows fenugreek intercropping (2F:4FG), and sole cropping of each species]. Sole cropping with BFS produced the highest seed yields for fennel (2233 kg ha−1) and fenugreek (1240 kg ha–1). In contrast, the 2F:2FG intercropping ratio with BFS yielded the maximum fixed oil content for fennel (17.4%) and fenugreek (8.3%). Application of HA and BFS enhanced oil yields by 66% and 75% in fennel and 40% and 57% in fenugreek, respectively. The 2F:2FG intercropping ratio with BFS produced the maximum essential oil constituents [(E)-anethole, estragole, and fenchone] in fennel. In addition, 2F:4FG with BFS and 1F:1FG with HA produced the highest unsaturated fatty acid (oleic and linoleic acids) concentration in both species. The 2F:2FG intercropping ratio with BFS and HA produced the highest chlorogenic acid and quercetin contents, respectively, in fennel. In contrast, the 2F:4FG intercropping ratio with HA produced the highest chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid contents in fenugreek. Intercropping fennel/fenugreek with BFS or HA improved the essential oil content (fennel only), fixed oil quality and quantity, and phenolic compounds and created a more sustainable cultivation system than sole cropping systems for both species under low-input conditions.
Enhancing the magnetic response on polycrystalline nanoframes through mechanical deformation
Authors: Castro Mario , Baltazar Samuel E. , Rojas-Nunez Javier , Bringa Eduardo , Valencia Felipe J. , Allende Sebastian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe mechanical and magnetic properties of polycrystalline nanoframes were investigated using atomistic molecular dynamics and micromagnetic simulations. The magneto-mechanical response of Fe hollow-like nanocubes was addressed by uniaxial compression carried out by nanoindentation. Our results show that the deformation of a nanoframe is dominated at lower strains by the compression of the nanostructure due to filament bending. This leads to the nanoframe twisting perpendicular to the indentation direction for larger indentation depths. Bending and twisting reduce stress concentration and, at the same time, increase coercivity. This unexpected increase of the coercivity occurs because the mechanical deformation changes the cubic shape of the nanoframe, which in turn drives the system to more stable magnetic states. A coercivity increase of almost 100 mT is found for strains close to 0.03, which are within the elastic regime of the Fe nanoframe. Coercivity then decreases at larger strains. However, in all cases, the coercivity is higher than for the undeformed nanoframe. These results can help in the design of new magnetic devices where mechanical deformation can be used as a primary tool to tailor the magnetic response on nanoscale solids.
Indigenous cellulolytic aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacterial community enhanced the composting of rice straw and chicken manure with biochar addition
Authors: Zainudin Mohd Huzairi Mohd , Singam Jamuna Thurai , Sazili Awis Qurni , Shirai Yoshihito , Hassan Mohd Ali 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMicrobial degradation of organic matters is crucial during the composting process. In this study, the enhancement of the composting of rice straw and chicken manure with biochar was evaluated by investigating the indigenous cellulolytic bacterial community structure during the composting process. Compared with control treatment, composting with biochar recorded higher temperature (74 °C), longer thermophilic phase (> 50 °C for 18 days) and reduced carbon (19%) with considerable micro- and macronutrients content. The bacterial community succession showed that composting with biochar was dominated by the cellulolytic Thermobifida and Nocardiopsis genera, which play an important role in lignocellulose degradation. Twenty-three cellulolytic bacterial strains were successfully isolated at different phases of the composting with biochar. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing similarity showed that they were related to Bacilluslicheniformis, Bacillussubtilis,Bacillusaerius, and Bacillushaynesii, which were known as cellulolytic bacteria and generally involved in lignocellulose degradation. Of these isolated bacteria, Bacilluslicheniformis, a facultative anaerobe, was the major bacterial strain isolated and demonstrated higher cellulase activities. The increase in temperature and reduction of carbon during the composting with biochar in this study can thus be attributed to the existence of these cellulolytic bacteria identified.
Characterization of internal fatigue cracks in aluminum alloys by simulation of phase contrast tomography
Authors: Xiao Ce , Létang Jean Michel , Buffière Jean-Yves 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSynchrotron Radiation Computed Tomography (SRCT) allows a better detection of fatigue cracks in metals than laboratory CT due to the existence of phase contrast. However the presence in reconstructed images of fringes at the edges of objects generated by Fresnel diffraction makes it difficult to identify and analyze the cracks quantitatively. Simulations of phase contrast synchrotron tomography images containing cracks with different sizes and shapes are obtained by using GATE software. Analyzing the simulation results, firstly, we confirmed that the bright parts with strong contrast in SRCT image are streak artifacts; secondly, we found that the gray scale values within the cracks in SRCT images are related to the crack size; these simulation results are used to analyse SRCT images of internal fatigue cracks in a cast Al alloy, providing a clearer visualisation of damage.
Pseudoprogression prediction in high grade primary CNS tumors by use of radiomics
Authors: Ari Asena Petek , Akkurt Burak Han , Musigmann Manfred , Mammadov Orkhan , Blömer David A. , Kasap Dilek N. G. , Henssen Dylan J. H. A. , Nacul Nabila Gala , Sartoretti Elisabeth , Sartoretti Thomas , Backhaus Philipp , Thomas Christian , Stummer Walter , Heindel Walter , Mannil Manoj 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOur aim is to define the capabilities of radiomics and machine learning in predicting pseudoprogression development from pre-treatment MR images in a patient cohort diagnosed with high grade gliomas. In this retrospective analysis, we analysed 131 patients with high grade gliomas. Segmentation of the contrast enhancing parts of the tumor before administration of radio-chemotherapy was semi-automatically performed using the 3D Slicer open-source software platform (version 4.10) on T1 post contrast MR images. Imaging data was split into training data, test data and an independent validation sample at random. We extracted a total of 107 radiomic features by hand-delineated regions of interest (ROI). Feature selection and model construction were performed using Generalized Boosted Regression Models (GBM). 131 patients were included, of which 64 patients had a histopathologically proven progressive disease and 67 were diagnosed with mixed or pure pseudoprogression after initial treatment. Our Radiomics approach is able to predict the occurrence of pseudoprogression with an AUC, mean sensitivity, mean specificity and mean accuracy of 91.49% [86.27%, 95.89%], 79.92% [73.08%, 87.55%], 88.61% [85.19%, 94.44%] and 84.35% [80.19%, 90.57%] in the full development group, 78.51% [75.27%, 82.46%], 66.26% [57.95%, 73.02%], 78.31% [70.48%, 84.19%] and 72.40% [68.06%, 76.85%] in the testing group and finally 72.87% [70.18%, 76.28%], 71.75% [62.29%, 75.00%], 80.00% [69.23%, 84.62%] and 76.04% [69.90%, 80.00%] in the independent validation sample, respectively. Our results indicate that radiomics is a promising tool to predict pseudo-progression, thus potentially allowing to reduce the use of biopsies and invasive histopathology.
Antimicrobial prescription practices for outpatients with uncomplicated cystitis in Japan
Authors: Takahashi Misa , Hagiya Hideharu , Higashionna Tsukasa , Nakano Yasuhiro , Sato Kota , Haruki Yuto , Haruki Mai , Honda Hiroyuki , Ogawa Hiroko , Ueda Keigo , Otsuka Fumio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo promote antimicrobial stewardship, we studied antimicrobial prescription rates for uncomplicated cystitis, a common outpatient disease requiring antibiotic treatment. This multicenter retrospective study was performed from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, in Japan, targeting outpatients aged ≥ 20 years whose medical records revealed International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes suggesting uncomplicated cystitis (N300). The data of 1445 patients were collected and that of 902 patients were analyzed. The overall median patient age was 71 years and a proportion of those aged less than 50 years was 18.8% with a female dominance (82.6%). Antimicrobials were prescribed for 884 patients (98.0%) and a total of 623 patients (69.1%) were treated with broad-spectrum drugs, including fluoroquinolones (36.0%), third-generation cephalosporins (29.9%) and faropenem (3.1%). A logistic regression model revealed that the broad-spectrum agents were significantly prescribed for the older patients, male patients, and those who visited internists. Recurrence was observed in 37 (4.1%) cases, and the multivariate analysis suggested any of age, sex, or antimicrobial types were not associated with the recurrence. Collectively, approximately two-thirds of antimicrobials prescribed for uncomplicated cystitis were broad-spectrum agents. The present data would be an indicator for antimicrobial prescriptions in uncomplicated cystitis in Japan.
Impact of wait times on late postprocedural mortality after successful transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Roule Vincent , Rebouh Idir , Lemaitre Adrien , Sabatier Rémi , Blanchart Katrien , Briet Clément , Bignon Mathieu , Beygui Farzin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWait times are associated with mortality on waiting list for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Whether longer wait times are associated with long term mortality after successful TAVR remains unassessed. Consecutive patients successfully treated with elective TAVR in our center between January 2013 and August 2019 were included. The primary end point was one-year all-cause mortality. TAVR wait times were defined as the interval from referral date for valve replacement to the date of TAVR procedure. A total of 383 patients were included with a mean wait time of 144.2 ± 83.87 days. Death occurred in 55 patients (14.4%) at one year. Increased wait times were independently associated with a relative increase of 1-year mortality by 2% per week after referral (Adjusted Hazard Ratio 1.02 [1.002–1.04]; p = 0.02) for TAVR. Chronic kidney disease, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 30%, access site and STS score were other independent correlates of 1-year mortality. Our study shows that wait times are relatively long in routine practice and associated with increased 1-year mortality after successful TAVR. Such findings underscore the need of strategies to minimize delays in access to TAVR.
Antimicrobial effects of microwave plasma-activated water with skin protective effect for novel disinfectants in pandemic era
Authors: Lee Hye Ran , Lee Yun Sang , You Young Suk , Huh Jin Young , Kim Kangil , Hong Yong Cheol , Kim Chul-Ho 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSkin antiseptics have important implications for public health and medicine. Although conventional antiseptics have considerable antimicrobial activity, skin toxicity and the development of resistance are common problems. Plasma-treated water has sterilization and tissue-regenerative effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify whether plasma-activated water (PAW) manufactured by our microwave plasma system can be used as a novel antiseptic solution for skin protection. PAW was produced by dissolving reactive nitrogen oxide gas using microwave plasma in deionized water. The antibacterial effects of PAW against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, and Salmonella typhimurium and effective concentrations were investigated by a solid agar plate assay. The factors mediating the effects of PAW were evaluated by the addition of reactive species scavengers. Cytotoxicity and cell viability assays were performed to examine the protective effect of PAW on normal skin cells. PAW exhibited excellent sterilization and no toxicity in normal skin cells. Experiments also confirmed the potential of PAW as a sanitizer for SARS-CoV-2. Our findings support the use of PAW as an effective skin disinfectant with good safety in the current situation of a global pandemic.
The burden and trend of gastric cancer and possible risk factors in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Ning Fei-Long , Lyu Jun , Pei Jun-Peng , Gu Wan-Jie , Zhang Nan-Nan , Cao Shi-Yi , Zeng Yong-Ji , Abe Masanobu , Nishiyama Kazuhiro , Zhang Chun-Dong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe burdens and trends of gastric cancer are poorly understood, especially in high-prevalence countries. Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, we analyzed the incidence, death, and possible risk factors of gastric cancer in five Asian countries, in relation to year, age, sex, and sociodemographic index. The annual percentage change was calculated to estimate the trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR). The highest ASIR per 100,000 person-years in 2019 was in Mongolia [44 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 34 to 55)], while the lowest was in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) [23 (95% UI, 19 to 29)]. The highest ASDR per 100,000 person-years was in Mongolia [46 (95% UI, 37 to 57)], while the lowest was in Japan [14 (95% UI, 12 to 15)]. Despite the increase in the absolute number of cases and deaths from 1990 to 2019, the ASIRs and ASDRs in all five countries decreased with time and improved sociodemographic index but increased with age. Smoking and a high-sodium diet were two possible risk factors for gastric cancer. In 2019, the proportion of age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years attributable to smoking was highest in Japan [23% (95% UI, 19 to 28%)], and the proportions attributable to a high-sodium diet were highest in China [8.8% (95% UI, 0.21 to 33%)], DPRK, and the Republic of Korea. There are substantial variations in the incidence and death of gastric cancer in the five studied Asian countries. This study may be crucial in helping policymakers to make better decisions and allocate appropriate resources.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike S1-specific IgG kinetic profiles following mRNA or vector-based vaccination in the general Dutch population show distinct kinetics
Authors: van den Hoogen Lotus L. , Verheul Marije K. , Vos Eric R. A. , van Hagen Cheyenne C. E. , van Boven Michiel , Wong Denise , Wijmenga-Monsuur Alienke J. , Smits Gaby , Kuijer Marjan , van Rooijen Debbie , Bogaard-van Maurik Marjan , Zutt Ilse , van Vliet Jeffrey , Wolf Janine , van der Klis Fiona R. M. , de Melker Hester E. , van Binnendijk Robert S. , den Hartog Gerco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractmRNA- and vector-based vaccines are used at a large scale to prevent COVID-19. We compared Spike S1-specific (S1) IgG antibodies after vaccination with mRNA-based (Comirnaty, Spikevax) or vector-based (Janssen, Vaxzevria) vaccines, using samples from a Dutch nationwide cohort. In adults 18–64 years old (n = 2412), the median vaccination interval between the two doses was 77 days for Vaxzevria (interquartile range, IQR: 69–77), 35 days (28–35) for Comirnaty and 33 days (28–35) for Spikevax. mRNA vaccines induced faster inclines and higher S1 antibodies compared to vector-based vaccines. For all vaccines, one dose resulted in boosting of S1 antibodies in adults with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. For Comirnaty, two to four months following the second dose (n = 196), S1 antibodies in adults aged 18–64 years old (436 BAU/mL, IQR: 328–891) were less variable and median concentrations higher compared to those in persons ≥ 80 years old (366, 177–743), but differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.100). Nearly all participants seroconverted following COVID-19 vaccination, including the aging population. These data confirm results from controlled vaccine trials in a general population, including vulnerable groups.
Rearrangement processes and structural variations show evidence of selection in oesophageal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Ng Alvin Wei Tian , Contino Gianmarco , Killcoyne Sarah , Devonshire Ginny , Hsu Ray , Abbas Sujath , Su Jing , Redmond Aisling M. , Weaver Jamie M. J. , Eldridge Matthew D. , Tavaré Simon ,   Oesophageal Cancer Clinical and Molecular Stratification (OCCAMS) Consortium, Grehan Nicola , Nutzinger Barbara , Fidziukiewicz Elwira , Freeman Adam , Smyth Elizabeth C. , O’Donovan Maria , Miremadi Ahmad , Malhotra Shalini , Tripathi Monika , Cheah Calvin , Coles Hannah , Flint Connor , Eldridge Matthew , Secrier Maria , Jammula Sriganesh , Davies Jim , Crichton Charles , Carroll Nick , Hardwick Richard H. , Safranek Peter , Hindmarsh Andrew , Sujendran Vijayendran , Hayes Stephen J. , Ang Yeng , Sharrocks Andrew , Preston Shaun R. , Bagwan Izhar , Save Vicki , Skipworth Richard J. E. , Hupp Ted R. , O’Neill J. Robert , Tucker Olga , Beggs Andrew , Taniere Philippe , Puig Sonia , Underwood Timothy J. , Walker Robert C. , Grace Ben L. , Lagergren Jesper , Gossage James , Davies Andrew , Chang Fuju , Mahadeva Ula , Goh Vicky , Ciccarelli Francesca D. , Sanders Grant , Berrisford Richard , Chan David , Cheong Ed , Kumar Bhaskar , Sreedharan L. , Parsons Simon L. , Soomro Irshad , Kaye Philip , Saunders John , Lovat Laurence , Haidry Rehan , Scott Michael , Sothi Sharmila , Lishman Suzy , Hanna George B. , Peters Christopher J. , Moorthy Krishna , Grabowska Anna , Turkington Richard , McManus Damian , Coleman Helen , Petty Russell D. , Bartlett Freddie , Edwards Paul A. W. , Fitzgerald Rebecca C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) provides an ideal case study to characterize large-scale rearrangements. Using whole genome short-read sequencing of 383 cases, for which 214 had matched whole transcriptomes, we observed structural variations (SV) with a predominance of deletions, tandem duplications and inter-chromosome junctions that could be identified as LINE-1 mobile element (ME) insertions. Complex clusters of rearrangements resembling breakage-fusion-bridge cycles or extrachromosomal circular DNA accounted for 22% of complex SVs affecting known oncogenes. Counting SV events affecting known driver genes substantially increased the recurrence rates of these drivers. After excluding fragile sites, we identified 51 candidate new drivers in genomic regions disrupted by SVs, includingETV5, KAT6BandCLTC. RUNX1was the most recurrently altered gene (24%), with many deletions inactivating the RUNT domain but preserved the reading frame, suggesting an altered protein product. These findings underscore the importance of identification of SV events in OAC with implications for targeted therapies.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies ancestry-specific associations underlying circulating total tau levels
Authors: Sarnowski Chloé , Ghanbari Mohsen , Bis Joshua C. , Logue Mark , Fornage Myriam , Mishra Aniket , Ahmad Shahzad , Beiser Alexa S. , Boerwinkle Eric , Bouteloup Vincent , Chouraki Vincent , Cupples L Adrienne , Damotte Vincent , DeCarli Charles S. , DeStefano Anita L. , Djoussé Luc , Fohner Alison E. , Franz Carol E. , Kautz Tiffany F. , Lambert Jean-Charles , Lyons Michael J. , Mosley Thomas H. , Mukamal Kenneth J. , Pase Matthew P. , Portilla Fernandez Eliana C. , Rissman Robert A. , Satizabal Claudia L. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Yaqub Amber , Debette Stephanie , Dufouil Carole , Launer Lenore J. , Kremen William S. , Longstreth William T. , Ikram M Arfan , Seshadri Sudha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCirculating total-tau levels can be used as an endophenotype to identify genetic risk factors for tauopathies and related neurological disorders. Here, we confirmed and better characterized the association of the 17q21 MAPT locus with circulating total-tau in 14,721 European participants and identified three novel loci in 953 African American participants (4q31, 5p13, and 6q25) at P < 5 × 10−8. We additionally detected 14 novel loci at P < 5 × 10−7, specific to either Europeans or African Americans. Using whole-exome sequence data in 2,279 European participants, we identified ten genes associated with circulating total-tau when aggregating rare variants. Our genetic study sheds light on genes reported to be associated with neurological diseases including stroke, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s (F5, MAP1B, and BCAS3), with Alzheimer’s pathological hallmarks (ADAMTS12, IL15, and FHIT), or with an important function in the brain (PARD3, ELFN2, UBASH3B, SLIT3, and NSD3), and suggests that the genetic architecture of circulating total-tau may differ according to ancestry.
Personalized antibiograms for machine learning driven antibiotic selection
Authors: Corbin Conor K. , Sung Lillian , Chattopadhyay Arhana , Noshad Morteza , Chang Amy , Deresinksi Stanley , Baiocchi Michael , Chen Jonathan H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identify antibiotic prescribing stewardship as the most important action to combat increasing antibiotic resistance. Clinicians balance broad empiric antibiotic coverage vs. precision coverage targeting only the most likely pathogens. We investigate the utility of machine learning-based clinical decision support for antibiotic prescribing stewardship.

Methods
In this retrospective multi-site study, we developed machine learning models that predict antibiotic susceptibility patterns (personalized antibiograms) using electronic health record data of 8342 infections from Stanford emergency departments and 15,806 uncomplicated urinary tract infections from Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham & Women’s Hospital in Boston. We assessed the trade-off between broad-spectrum and precise antibiotic prescribing using linear programming.

Results
We find in Stanford data that personalized antibiograms reallocate clinician antibiotic selections with a coverage rate (fraction of infections covered by treatment) of 85.9%; similar to clinician performance (84.3% p = 0.11). In the Boston dataset, the personalized antibiograms coverage rate is 90.4%; a significant improvement over clinicians (88.1% p < 0.0001). Personalized antibiograms achieve similar coverage to the clinician benchmark with narrower antibiotics. With Stanford data, personalized antibiograms maintain clinician coverage rates while narrowing 69% of empiric vancomycin+piperacillin/tazobactam prescriptions to piperacillin/tazobactam. In the Boston dataset, personalized antibiograms maintain clinician coverage rates while narrowing 48% of ciprofloxacin to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

Conclusions
Precision empiric antibiotic prescribing with personalized antibiograms could improve patient safety and antibiotic stewardship by reducing unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics that breed a growing tide of resistant organisms.