bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis by Indocyanine Green (ICG) enhanced Fluorescence Optical Imaging Treated with anti-TNFα Therapy
Authors: Hertrampf Simon , Klotsche Jens , Schefer Quirino , Glimm Anne-Marie , Burmester Gerd-Rüdiger , Hoff Paula , Schmittat Gabriela , Häupl Thomas , Hermann Sandra , Backhaus Marina , Ohrndorf Sarah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background:Fluorescence Optical Imaging (FOI) enables visualization of inflammation in both hands in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Objective:To investigate FOI in treatment monitoring under anti-TNFα therapy with Certolizumab pegol (CZP) in patients with RA in comparison to clinical and laboratory outcome parameters.Methods:CZP-naïve patients with RA were eligible for this open-label study with an observational period of 52-week. Disease activity was monitored by the clinical score DAS28, tender/swollen joint count (TJC-28/SJC-28) and laboratory outcomes for systemic inflammation (CRP and ESR). FOI results were analyzed in three different phases (P1-3) and PrimaVistaMode (PVM) by the FOI activity score (FOIAS). Results:Twenty-eight RA patients (median age 52.5 years, 26 females, thirteen with a history of other biologic therapy) were included. DAS28(CRP) decreased from moderate disease activity at baseline (median 4.6, IQR 1.8) to low disease activity at week (w)52 (median 2.7, IQR 2.1; p<0.001). Statistically significant decreases could also be demonstrated for SJC-28 and TJC-28. CRP/ESR were reduced numerically from baseline to w52. FOIAS in P1 (early phase) showed a continuous decrease of enhancement during the course of treatment period: from baseline (median 1.5, IQR 9.3) over w6 (median 1.0, IQR 3.0; p= 0.069), w12 (median 0.5, IQR 3.0; p= 0.171), w24 (n=27, median 0.0, IQR 3.0; p= 0.004), until w52 (n=18, median 0.0, IQR 2.8; p= 0.091), which could not be presented for FOIAS in P2, P3 and PVM. Conclusion:FOI in P1 appears to be a valuable tool for fast and easy monitoring of treatment response to certolizumab in a clinical setting.
Association Between IVIG Dose And Outcomes In Patients With Acute Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Michihata Nobuaki , Suzuki Takanori , Yoshikawa Tetsushi , Saito Kazuyoshi , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The most effective dosage of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) to prevent coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs) in patients with acute Kawasaki disease (KD) remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the appropriate dose of IVIG to be administered to patients with acute KD, using a national inpatient database in Japan.Methods: We used the Diagnostic Procedure Combination database to identify KD patients treated with IVIG between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome was the proportion of CAAs upon discharge. Secondary outcomes included IVIG resistance, length of stay, and medical costs.Results: Data from 88,223 patients were extracted from the database. We found a U-shaped association between IVIG dose and the proportion of CAA, with the bottom of the curve at approximately 2.0 g/kg; the odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 1.34 (1.26–1.43) for 1.8 g/kg and 1.79 (1.28–2.50) for 2.4 g with reference to 2.0 g/kg for CAA. Similarly, IVIG dose had a U-shaped association with the proportion of IVIG resistance, with the bottom of the curve at approximately 2.0 g/kg; the odds ratio (95% CI) was 1.38 (1.35–1.41) for 1.8 g/kg and 8.87 (8.08–9.74) for 2.4 g with reference to 2.0 g/kg for IVIG resistance. Additionally, IVIG dosage was found to have U-shaped associations with the length of stay and medical costs, with the bottom of the curve at approximately 2 g/kg.Conclusions: IVIG with a dose of 2 g/kg was considered appropriate for the initial treatment of KD.
Trifluoromethyl stabilized 2D nitrogen clusters. A theoretical study
Authors: Narváez Wilmer Esteban Vallejo , Garza Cesar Gabriel Vera de la , Rodríguez Luis Daniel Solís , Fomina Lioudmila , Fomine Serguei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The stability of 2D all nitrogen clusters containing from 6 to 96 nitrogen atoms, terminated with CF3 groups has been explored using two computational models; dispersion corrected B3LYP functional and scaled opposite spin Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (SOS-MP2). Single point domain-based local pair natural orbital coupled-cluster theory calculations (DLPNO-CCSD(T)) was used for further energy refinement. All systems were found to be minima and their stability increases with CF3/N ratio. Larger clusters and anion radicals were not dynamically stable while some of the cation radicals were found to be minima on potential energy surface. The mechanism of cluster stabilization by CF3 groups is related with interaction of orbitals holding lone electron pairs and antibonding sigma orbitals.
Type B2 thymoma invading the superior vena cava and right atrium and with lung metastases: A young case report
Authors: Lu Jia-Ju , Zhao Hong-Lin , Deng Yun-Dan , Ni Jin-Rong , Song Bing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUNDThymoma is a relatively rare type of tumor. It is more common in middle-aged patients than in children and young adults. We report a 26-year-old patient with advanced giant thymomas. The patient’s tumor have invaded the upper venous vein. There was also a large tumor in the right atrium. The patient had lung metastases. CASE SUMMARYWe report a patient with type B2 thymoma. His image studies showed a mediastinal space-occupying lesion that penetrated through the superior vena cava and extended into the right atrium, with metastases in the right lung and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, mediastinum, and bilateral axillary areas. Biopsy reports suggested type B2 thymoma. Multidisciplinary consultation concluded with a diagnosis of stage IVB thymoma. This patient began a chemotherapy regimen with cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (CAP). Subsequent management decisions were made based on the treatment responses. CONCLUSIONAt present, thymoma treatment is mainly surgical. However, for patients with advanced thymoma, surgical treatment may risk the patient's survival. For advanced thymoma patients, we recommend chemotherapy (CAP), which may provide a new treatment option for patients with advanced thymoma.
Awareness of Lifestyle Modifications in the Management of PCOS: A Population-Based Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kaundal Asmita , Renjhen Prachi , Kumari Rajeshwari 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) is a rapidly emerging endocrine disorder affecting women of all ages. Simple lifestyle modifications can help women to combat the disorder.Objective: To assess the knowledge among reproductive women regarding the risk factors, symptoms, complications, and management of PCOS and their source of knowledge to develop an educational tool to be used at the community level.Results: A total of 334 women participated. The mean age was 28.70±6.29 years. Around 9.3% of the participants were already diagnosed with PCOS. Around 43.4% of women have heard about PCOS. The Source of their information was a doctor (26.6%), internet (6.28%), teachers (5.6%), and friends (4.7%). Knowledge regarding risk factors revealed that obesity (33.5%), unhealthy dietary habits (35%), and genetic predisposition (40.7%) were thought as risk factors. Regarding complications participants were aware that PCOS is associated with increased risk of subfertility (40.1%), abortions (34.4%), diabetes (28.7% ), hypertension (31.7%),cardiovascular disease (33.5%), endometrial carcinoma (35.9%) and psychological (37.1% ) . Total 37.1% were aware that eating healthy and 41% knew that weight reduction can help in the management of PCOS. Around 60.5% of women showed poor knowledge, 14.7% fair knowledge, and 24.9% good knowledge regarding PCOS. Education and occupation status was significantly related to the knowledge score (P≤0.001) about the PCOS. Conclusion: To reduce the burden of PCOS behavioral changes in terms of regular exercise, healthy dietary habits and stress management techniques need to be incorporated from very early life.
A Response Generator with Response-Aware Encoder for Generating Specific and Relevant Responses
Authors: Kim So-Eon , Song Hyun-Je , Park Seong-Bae 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The dialogue data usually consist of the pairs of a query and its response, but no previous response generators have exploited the responses explicitly in their training while a response provides significant information about the meaning of a query. Therefore, this paper proposes a sequence-to-sequence response generator with a response-aware encoder. The proposed generator exploits golden responses by reflecting them into a query representation. For this purpose, the response-aware encoder adds a relevancy scorer layer to the transformer encoder that calculates the relevancy of query tokens to a response. However, golden responses are available only during training the response generator and unavailable at the inference time. As a solution to this problem, the joint learning of a teacher and a student relevancy scorer is adopted. That is, at the training time, both the teacher and the student relevancy scorers are optimized but the decoder generates a response using only the relevancy of the teacher scorer. However, at the inference time, the decoder uses that of the student scorer. Since the student scorer is trained to minimize the difference from the teacher scorer, it can be used to compute the relevancy for a prospective response.
Nutrient input alleviates negative effects of early and subsequent flooding on growth of Polygonum hydropiper with the aid of adventitious roots
Authors: Chen Yu-Han , Wei Guan-Wen , Cui Yuan , Luo Fang-Li , Dong Bi-Cheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and aimsRiparian plants are commonly exposed to flooding, which is often accompanied by eutrophication. Flooding and eutrophication at an early developmental stage of riparian species may provide signals that induce plant responses and affect their performance in subsequent severe stress. However, whether early flooding (either with or without eutrophication) acts as a positive or a stress signal on plant seedlings as well as on plants at later developmental stages remains unclear.Methods Polygonum hydropiper plants germinated from seeds collected both at low and high elevations in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region were subjected to shallower and shorter early flooding or eutrophic flooding treatments, and subsequently subjected to deeper and longer flooding treatments.Results Early flooding and eutrophic flooding significantly induced generation of adventitious roots, suggesting morphological adaptation to flooding. At the end of subsequent flooding, stem length, functional leaf length and width, and biomass of plants formerly subjected to early control treatment were significantly higher than early flooding treatment, but had no significant differences compared with early eutrophic treatment, indicating that negative lag-effects of early flooding can be alleviated by nutrient input. Similarly, subsequent eutrophic flooding also enhanced plant growth compared with subsequent flooding, resulting in significantly higher values of leaf traits and adventitious root number. Plants that originated from low elevation had higher functional leaf length and stem biomass compared with plants from high elevation.Conclusions Nutrient input can alleviate negative effects of early and subsequent flooding on P. hydropiper growth with the aid of adventitious roots.
Global positioning by atmospheric pressure retrieved from multi-sensor geolocators
Authors: Nussbaumer Raphaël , Gravey Mathieu , Liechti Felix 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Knowing about the temporal and spatial use of habitats by wildlife is crucial to understand ecological relationships in nature. Tracking small birds and bats requires tags of less than 2g, such that light-weight geolocators are currently the most affordable and widespread option. Recent multi-sensor geolocators now capture accelerometer and pressure data in addition to light, offering new potential to refine the accuracy of bird positioning. In particular, as atmospheric pressure varies with space and time, pressure timeseries at a single location have a unique signature which can be used for global positioning.
Method
Bird positions are estimated at distinct stationary periods by comparing atmospheric pressure data recorded by the geolocator with reference data from a global weather reanalysis database. The methodology produces a probability distribution map of the position based on (1) a mask of the locations for which the ground level elevation matches the pressure measured by the geolocator and (2) a likelihood of the mismatch between the temporal timeseries measured by the geolocator and the reanalysis dataset. This new method is introduced step by step and applied to 16 tracks from 9 long and short distance migrant species.
Results
Using known positions, we demonstrate that our method is almost three times more precise than light positioning. In contrast to the traditional light-based approach, pressure data can provide location information for short periods on the ground (less than a day) and is not affected by the equinox-problem.
Conclusion
Positioning birds using pressure data can help identify every stopover location along a migratory flyway, with such precision that it can be used to developed targeted conservation actions.
Frailty in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Brain Tumors: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Huq Sakibul , Liu Jiaqi , Romano Robert , Seal Stella , Khalafallah Adham , Walston Jeremy D. , Mukherjee Debraj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
IntroductionEmerging literature suggests that frailty may be an important driver of postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for brain tumors. We systematically reviewed the literature on frailty in brain tumor patients with respect to three questions: What methods of frailty assessment have been applied to brain tumor patients? What thresholds have been defined to distinguish between different levels of frailty? What clinical outcomes does frailty predict in brain tumor patients? MethodsA literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Included studies were specific to brain tumor patients, used a validated instrument to assess frailty, and measured the impact of frailty upon postoperative outcomes. ResultsOf 753 citations, 21 studies met our inclusion criteria. Frailty instruments studied, in order of frequency reported, included the 5-factor modified frailty index, 11-factor modified frailty index, Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups frailty-defining diagnosis indicator, and Hopkins Frailty Score. Multiple different conventions and thresholds for distinguishing levels of frailty were reported. Clinical outcomes associated with frailty included mortality, survival, complications, length of stay (LOS), charges, costs, discharge disposition, readmissions, and operative time. ConclusionsFrailty is an increasingly popular concept in brain tumor patients that is associated with important clinical outcomes. However, the extant literature is largelycomprised of retrospective studies with heterogeneous definitions of frailty, thresholds for defining levels of frailty, and patient populations. Further work is needed to understand best practices in assessing frailty inbrain tumor patients and applying these concepts to clinical practice.
Simultaneous Daily Platelet Count And Presepsin Measurement From The Time Of ICU Admission May Be Useful For Predicting In-Hospital Mortality Of Patients With Severe COVID-19
Authors: Ishikura Hiroyasu , Maruyama Junichi , Nakashio Maiko , Hoshino Kota , Morimoto Shinichi , Izutani Yoshito , Noake Junta , Yamagaito Takahiro , Yoshida Maho , Kitamura Taisuke , Nakamura Yoshihiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are frequently complicated with COVID-19 associated coagulopathy. This time, we investigated whether there was a relationship between the CAC pattern and the risk of in-hospital death in severe COVID-19 patients.Methods: We enrolled 54 severe COVID-19 adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Patients were divided into two groups whether in-hospital death (non-survivor) or not (survivor). We measured not only various coagulation/fibrinolysis markers, but inflammation/immunoresponse markers which were cytokines or chemokines, and alveolar/myocardial damage markers in peripheral blood every day for 8 ICU days. Univariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) were used to identify the optimal combination of biomarkers to predict in-hospital death.Results: Among all 54 patients, the patients were classified into the survivor (n = 40) and non-survivor (n = 14) groups. We found that the platelet count decreased significantly and presepsin (P-SEP) increased significantly in non-survivor group compared to survivor group from the time of ICU admission. Using univariate logistic regression analysis, platelet count and P-SEP are found to be predictive of in-hospital mortality and ROC analysis using these two markers could further confirm this result (AUC=0.832; sensitivity: 64.3%, specificity: 90.0%). The cut-off values for in-hospital mortality for these markers were 153 x 103/µL in platelet count and 714 pg/mL in P-SEP. The patients were consequently classified into the following 3 groups: (1) High risk (n = 7), platelet count <153 x 103/µL and P-SEP >714 pg/mL; (2) Low risk (n = 27), platelet count >190x103/µL and P-SEP <714 pg/mL; (3) Medium risk (n = 20), areas other than (1) and (2). And the 90-day mortality increased significantly as the risk of the group increases (p<0.01). Additionally, the platelet count was lower and P-SEP level was higher in the non-survivor group than in the survivor group on ICU days throughout the 8 days.Conclusions: Simultaneous daily platelet counts and P-SEP measurements from the time of ICU admission would be a useful method for predicting in-hospital mortality.
Correlation Between Carotid Plaque Location And Carotid Blood Flow Dynamics
Authors: Ren Xia , Su Fan , Hu Jian , Cao Lei , Zhou Yumei , Fu Yuhan , Tatenda Grace , Jiang Mingfei , Wu Huan , Wen Yufeng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the influence of carotid hemodynamics in common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) on carotid plaque location.Methods: A total of 4444 participants from Anhui Maanshan People's Hospital were selected from December 2013 to December 2018. Doppler ultrasound was used to measure the location of carotid plaque. Multiple logistic regression and smooth curve were applied to determine the relationship of carotid plaque location and hemodynamic indexes. Results: Compared with the none plaque group, the ratio of artery systolic and diastolic blood flow velocity in right internal carotid (RICA S/D) was a risk factor for left side plaque group (OR=1.548) after adjustment. Artery systolic and diastolic blood flow velocity ratio of left common carotid artery (LCCA S/D) was a risk factor for right side plaques (OR=1.250). Resistance index of right internal carotid (RICA RI) was a protective factor for bilateral plaques (OR=0.097), while LCCA S/D and RICA S/D were risk factors for bilateral plaques (OR=1.201, OR=1.457). After age stratification, resistance index of right common carotid artery (RCCA RI) and resistance index of left internal carotid artery (LICA RI) were protective factors for bilateral plaques in groups younger than 52 (OR=0.046, OR=0.042). Artery systolic and diastolic blood flow velocity ratio of right common carotid (RCCA S/D) and RICA S/D were risk factors for bilateral plaques (OR=1.557, OR=1.843). In groups older than 52, RICA S/D was a risk factor for left plaque (OR=1.388). LCCA S/D was a risk factor for right plaque (OR=1.575). LCCA S/D and RICA S/D were risk factors for bilateral plaques (OR=1.348, OR=1.311).Conclusions: In groups younger than 52, the formation of bilateral carotid plaque is associated with low bilateral carotid RI and increased right carotid artery flow rate. In groups older than 52, plaque formation in one carotid artery is associated with high blood flow velocity on the other artery.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria diagnostics among healthcare providers and healthcare seekers in Kondoa district, Tanzania: a multi-methodological situation analysis
Authors: Bohle Leah F. , Abdallah Ally-Kebby , Galli Francesco , Canavan Robert , Molesworth Kate 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite the large-scale rollout of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) in Tanzania, many healthcare providers (HCPs) continue using blood film microscopy (BFM) and clinical examination to diagnose malaria, which can increase the risk of mal-diagnosis and over prescribing of anti-malarials. Patients disregarding negative test results and self-treating exacerbate the problem. This study explored HCPs’ and healthcare seekers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding mRDTs in comparison to BFM testing. Methods: The study was located in Kondoa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. A multi-methodological approach was adopted including i) a health facility inventory and screening of logbooks from May 2013 to April 2014 with 77,126 patient entries from 33 health facilities; ii) a survey of 40 HCPs offering malaria services; and iii) a survey of 309 randomly selected household members from the facilities’ catchment area. Surveys took place in April and May 2014.Results: Health facility records revealed that out of 77,126 patient entries, 22% (n = 17,235) obtained a malaria diagnosis. Of those, 45% were made with BFM, 33% with mRDT and 22% with clinical diagnosis. A higher rate of positive diagnoses was observed with BMF compared with mRDT (71% vs 14%). In the HCP survey, 48% preferred using BMF for malaria testing, while 52% preferred mRDT. Faced with a negative mRDT result for a patient presenting with symptoms typical for malaria, 25% of HCPs stated they would confirm the result with a microscopy test, 70% would advise or perform a clinical diagnosis and 18% would prescribe antimalarials. Interviews with household members revealed a preference for microscopy testing (58%) over mRDT (23%), if presented with malaria symptoms. For participants familiar with both tests, a second opinion was desired in 45% after a negative microscopy result and in 90% after an mRDT.Conclusions: Non-adherence to negative diagnostics by HCPs and patients continues to be a concern. Frequent training and supportive supervision for HCPs diagnosing and treating malaria and non-malaria febrile illnesses is essential to offer quality services that can instil confidence in HCPs and patients alike. The introduction of new diagnostic devices should be paired with context-specific behaviour change interventions targeting healthcare seekers and healthcare providers.
Voting-KEMIRA Method for Determining Criteria Priority and Weights in Solving MADM Problems
Authors: Soltanifar Mehdi , Krylovas Aleksandras , Kosareva Natalja 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Decision-making can be accounted for, as being one of the most essential and fundamental managerial tasks; and organizational research depends on its quality, so, from the point of view of connoisseurs, decision-making is the main essence of management. The KEmeny Median Indicator Ranks Accordance (KEMIRA) decision-making method is one of the latest Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) methods, which has been conveyed in this paper by utilizing the preferential voting concept. A new Voting-KEMIRA model is expressed by rendering a linear programming model with weight control bylaw. In implementing this novel model on a real world problem, it is compared with the preceding method and finally a few of its advantages will be specified.