bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivational states in an undergraduate mathematics course: relations between facets of individual interest, task values, basic needs, and effort
Authors: Rach Stefanie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAccording to situated expectancy-value models, motivational variables play an important role in students’ engagement in academic mathematics courses and achievement. However, for academic mathematical learning, only a few studies provide information regarding the fluctuation of task values on different occasions (situation-specificity, state) and the extent to which task values depend on individual characteristics (personal-specificity, trait). Thus, answering these questions provides information about the extent to which adequate situational characteristics, such as relevance interventions, can influence students’ motivation to engage in the learning process. To contribute to this discussion of the situation- and personal-specificity of task values, I surveyed 181 undergraduate students attending an advanced mathematics course. These students reported on their task values and effort three times in four different lessons during a course in linear algebra. I focused on the following three questions: (1) situation-specificity: to what extent do task values fluctuate between situations (and between persons)? (2) predictions of task values: to what extent do personal characteristics and situational perceptions predict task values? (3) predictions of effort: to what extent do personal characteristics and situational perceptions predict effort? These questions were answered by applying linear mixed models. The analysis results indicate that task values fluctuate only slightly in different situations and are strongly predicted by individual characteristics, such as interest in university mathematics, and task values predict effort. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Efficacy and safety of talazoparib in Japanese patients with germline BRCA-mutated locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer: results of the phase 1 dose-expansion study
Authors: Kotani Haruru , Masuda Norikazu , Yamashita Toshinari , Naito Yoichi , Taira Tetsuhiko , Inoue Kenichi , Takahashi Masato , Yonemori Kan , Toyoizumi Shigeyuki , Mori Yuko , Nagasawa Takashi , Hori Natsuki , Iwata Hiroji 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Talazoparib, a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enzyme inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of patients with germline BRCA1/2 (gBRCA1/2)-mutated HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. This two-part study, a recently published dose-escalation part followed by the dose-expansion part reported here, evaluated the efficacy and safety of talazoparib in Japanese patients with gBRCA1/2-mutated advanced breast cancer.

Methods
In this open-label, multicenter phase 1 study (NCT03343054), the primary endpoint of the dose-expansion part was confirmed objective response rate (ORR), determined by investigator assessment (RECIST 1.1). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and pharmacokinetics. Patients received the recommended phase 2 dose (1 mg/day; 0.75 mg/day moderate renal impairment).

Results
Nineteen Japanese patients with gBRCA1/2-mutated locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer were enrolled. Confirmed ORR was 57.9% (11/19; 90% confidence interval [CI] 36.8–77.0). Stable disease was observed in 36.8% (7/19) of patients. Per investigator assessment, median PFS was 7.2 months (95% CI 4.1–not estimable) and 12-month OS rate was 84.7% (90% CI 57.5–95.1). Median OS was not reached; 17/19 patients were alive and censored at 12 months. All patients experienced treatment-related adverse events (AEs); the majority were hematologic. The most common treatment-related AE was anemia (68.4%; [13/19]). Grade 3/4 treatment-related AEs were observed in 52.6% (10/19) of patients. During the safety period, there were no grade 5 treatment-emergent AEs, treatment-related serious AEs, or deaths.

Conclusions
In Japanese patients with gBRCA mutations and locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, talazoparib monotherapy was generally well tolerated and resulted in clinically meaningful ORRs.

Clinicaltrials.gov identifier
NCT03343054.
The Devonian-Carboniferous transition at Borkewehr near Wocklum (northern Rhenish Massif, Germany) – a potential GSSP section
Authors: Hartenfels Sven , Becker Ralph Thomas , Herbig Hans-Georg , Qie Wenkun , Kumpan Tomáš , De Vleeschouwer David , Weyer Dieter , Kalvoda Jiří 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Borkewehr section near Balve at the southeastern end of the Remscheid-Altena Anticline is currently the best and most complete Devonian/Carboniferous Boundary (DCB) succession of the Rhenish Massif, Germany. Based on a multidisciplinary approach, focusing on refined conodont and ammonoid biostratigraphy, microfacies analyses, sequence stratigraphy, carbon isotopes (Corgand Ccarb), trace element geochemistry, including REE data, and cyclostratigraphy, the section is proposed as a candidate for the new basal Carboniferous GSSP. The succession represents a pelagic “seamount” setting. It spans the upper Famennian to lower Viséan, with a condensed development of most Rhenish lithostratigraphic units and sedimentary sequences. It is the type-section of the oxic and strongly cyclic, fossiliferous Wocklum Limestone and of important uppermost Famennian and basal Carboniferous index species. The First Appearance Datum (FAD) ofProtognathodus kockelis.str., in a phylogenetic succession from the ancestralPr. semikockelin. sp., is proposed as future GSSP level. This FAD is sandwiched between many other marker levels for global correlation. Below are, from base to top, the transgressive base of the at least partly anoxic Hangenberg Black Shale (base Lower Hangenberg Crisis Interval), the Hangenberg Regression (onset of siltstones of the basal Middle Crisis Interval), the level of maximum regression, indicated by maximum Zr/Al values, and the initial transgression of the basal Upper Crisis Interval, marked by the re-onset of carbonate deposition. Above follow the locally cryptogenic FAD ofSiphonodella (Eosiphonodella) sulcatas.l. at the base of the post-Crisis Interval (Hangenberg Limestone), associated with a conodont biofacies shift, the FAD ofSi. (Eo.) bransoni, and, much higher, the sharp Lower Alum Shale Event at the base of the classical middle Tournaisian. The significance of the section is greatly enlarged by its precise correlation with numerous other Rhenish DCB sections that provide important additional data on faunas, geochemistry, geochronological ages, and magnetic susceptibility. The new Borkewehr data suggest changes of weathering intensity, based on Rb/K and K/Al trends, and Milankovitch cyclicity associated with the climate changes of the Hangenberg Crisis. The local conodont extinction rate at the top of the Wocklum Limestone lies at 57 % while there are no survivors in ammonoids, trilobites, or deep-water corals. Positive carbon isotopic shifts of carbonate in the Upper Crisis Interval and of Corgin the Middle Crisis Interval are decoupled, which suggests complex underlying processes that are not yet understood.
From lunar regolith to oxygen and structural materials: an integrated conceptual design
Authors: Radl Alexandra , Milicevic Neumann Ksenija , Wotruba Hermann , Clausen Elisabeth , Friedrich Bernd 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo enable a long-term presence of humans in space, it is essential to use extraterrestrial raw materials to reduce the need for transporting resources or produced materials from Earth. In recent years, a lot of research has been conducted on different ISRU processes, such as regolith excavation, mineral processing and the extraction of oxygen using metallurgical processes. However, it is not sufficient to just focus on a single process but also to focus on how the different processes interact. Therefore, RWTH Aachen’s Integrated Conceptual Design presents a novel concept for the production of oxygen and high-quality metal materials. To meet the challenges of mining in space, selective mining is used to provide the best possible blend based on the original material of the deposit. This process is followed by mineral processing to provide a high-quality ilmenite-rich concentrate, the input material for metallurgical processes. Using the novel MOSARI technique, consisting of molten salt electrolysis and metallothermic reduction, oxygen and metal materials can be recovered. Furthermore, this represents a zero-waste approach for the complete utilization of the material.
Interactive visual facets to support fluid exploratory search
Authors: He Chen , Micallef Luana , Serim Barış , Vuong Tung , Ruotsalo Tuukka , Jacucci Giulio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Exploratory search starts with ill-defined goals and involves browsing, learning, and formulating new targets for search. To fluidly support such dynamic search behaviours, we focus on devising interactive visual facets (IVF), visualising information facets to support user comprehension and control of the information space. We reviewed existing faceted search interfaces and derived two design requirements (DR) that have not been fully addressed to support fluid interactions in exploratory search. We then exemplified the requirements through devising an IVF tool, which coordinates a linear and a categorical facet representing the distribution and summarisation of items, respectively, and providing context for faceted exploration (DR1). To support rapid transitions between search criteria (DR2), the tool introduces a novel design concept of using facets to select items without filtering the item space. Particularly, we propose a filter-swipe technique that enables users to drag a categorical facet value sequentially over linear facet bars to view the items in the intersection of the two facets along with the categorical facet dynamically summarising the items in the intersection. Three applications with various datasets demonstrate how the features support information discovery with ease. A comparison with a baseline system provided evidence that the task performance of the IVF tool was comparable to the typical query search interface. Another study of 11 participants with realistic email search tasks shows that dynamic suggestions through the timeline navigation can help discover useful suggestions for search; the novel design concept was favoured over using facet values as filters. Based on these practices, we derive IVF design implications for fluid, exploratory searches.

Graphical abstract
Development of a mobile health infrastructure for non-communicable diseases using design science research method: a case study
Authors: Sumarsono Surahyo , Sakkinah Intan Sulistyaningrum , Permanasari Adhistya Erna , Pranggono Bernardi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we share our experience in designing and developing a mobile health (mHealth) infrastructure for non-communicable diseases (NCD) in rural areas in Indonesia called NusaHealth. The NusaHealth project builds a digital healthcare infrastructure involving universities, healthcare providers, and communities in an mHealth approach that puts patients at the center of health care. The Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) framework was adopted in designing the mHealth application. The infrastructure to connect the mobile device network with the hospital information system was also developed. Our finding indicates that designing and developing an mHealth solution for rural areas in developing countries needs comprehensive approach and the implementation process should involve related partners and stakeholders. The NusaHealth was implemented in rural areas in Yogyakarta province in Indonesia. While Yogyakarta province successfully implemented the NusaHealth in rural areas, different activities need to be conducted to enhance community health by developing a formal mHealth system supported by local health district offices’ policies and regulations.
Diversification rates in Tardigrada indicate a decreasing tempo of lineage splitting regardless of reproductive mode
Authors: Stec Daniel , Cancellario Tommaso , Fontaneto Diego 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the dynamics of speciation and extinction events is one of the most interesting subjects in evolutionary biology that relates to all life forms, even the smallest ones. Tardigrades are microscopic invertebrates that attracted public and scientific attention mostly due to their ability to enter into the diapause stage called cryptobiosis and in such stage resist extremely harsh environmental conditions. However, although recent research solved a considerable number of phylogenetic uncertainties and further uncovered physiological mechanisms of cryptobiosis, not much attention is given to the evolutionary forces shaping tardigrade diversity. Here, we investigated the effect of reproductive mode on diversification rates in tardigrades using three groups: macrobiotids, echiniscids and milnesids, which represent low, moderate and high levels of parthenogenesis, respectively. Our results showed a decreasing tempo of diversification events for each of the studied groups without any differences that could be ascribed to reproductive mode. We discussed the observed lack of effect in tardigrades acknowledging deficiencies in available data sets and encouraging further studies to understand whether our results can be considered reliable.
The Early Childhood Signs of Autism in Females: a Systematic Review
Authors: Chellew Tayla , Barbaro Josephine , Freeman Nerelie C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCompared to males, females are at a much greater likelihood of receiving a later diagnosis of autism, which impacts their opportunity to receive early support. To assist with early identification, this systematic literature review aimed to ascertain whether females differ from males in the early childhood signs of autism. The small number of heterogeneous studies made it difficult to draw conclusions, although it appears that females and males under 6 years of age are more similar than different in terms of their expression of autistic behaviours. Given the discrepant sex/gender ratio in autism, these findings highlight the importance of exploring whether there are different and/or specific, not yet identified, early signs of autism in females and males.
A sulfonated modification of PEEK for ultralow friction
Authors: Yuan Shihua , Zhang Chenhui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a widely used material for friction pairs due to its excellent mechanical strength, good wear resistance, and chemical inertness. However, some modifications are necessary when PEEK is used as a water-lubricated friction pair. In this study, a novel sulfonation method was developed to design a water-lubricated friction pair with ultralow friction, good wear resistance, and high loading capacity. PEEK powders were sulfonated using ClSO3H and sintered to form bulk plastic. The sulfonated PEEK (SPEEK) plastic exhibited good tribological properties. At a low sliding speed, the friction coefficient was smaller than 0.02 when a 3 wt% NaCl solution was used as the lubricant. The order of magnitude of the wear rate was as low as 10−8 mm3/(N·m). The mechanism of friction reduction was mainly hydration lubrication. The negatively charged −SO3− groups on the friction pair can adsorb hydrated Na+ cations by electrostatic interactions. These hydrated Na+ cations have a high load capacity and low shearing resistance. The ultralow wear mechanism observed in this study is possibly due to ultralow friction properties of the friction pairs prepared through the proposed sulfonation and thermoforming procedures.
Development of the Flourishing Classroom System Observation Framework and Rubric: a Delphi Study
Authors: Allison Laura , Kern Margaret L. , Jarden Aaron , Waters Lea 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper describes the development of the Flourishing Classroom System Observation Framework and Rubric, which provides a framework and practical approach to defining and describing multiple interconnected observable characteristics of a classroom system that individually and together can be targeted to cultivate collective flourishing within schools. Beginning with a working theoretical model based on existing literature, a three-round Delphi study was used to develop the framework and related rubric. In round 1, 35 experts answered open-ended questions regarding observable behaviours of collective wellbeing in the classroom. Analysis of responses resulted in a framework with five dimensions, each with three sub-dimensions. In round 2, 23 experts sorted and categorised statements that potentially described each of the 15 sub-dimensions. Analyses created definitions of each sub-dimension and statements describing how they manifest for teachers, students, and the class, along with a description of the learning environment for each dimension. In round 3, 18 experts reviewed the definitions and descriptions, resulting in a final 15-dimension framework with a related rubric of 45 descriptive statements. The resulting framework and rubric provide an organising structure to identify observable system elements that shape a flourishing classroom culture.
Trochanteric Nails for the Reduction of Intertrochanteric Fractures: A Biomechanical Analysis Based on Finite Element Analysis and DIC System
Authors: Tsai Ming-Tzu , Lee Cheng-Hung , Chen Kun-Hui , Yen Yu-Chun , Wang Chun-Hsiang , Wang Shun-Ping , Su Kuo-Chih 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Intertrochanteric fractures are common among femoral fractures in the elderly population. The trochanteric nail is a standard internal fixator used in treating femoral intertrochanteric fractures. The technique of femoral fracture reduction affects the postoperative outcome. Here, we applied finite element analysis (FEA) to study mechanical effects of different reduction approaches using the trochanteric nail in treating both stable and unstable intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods
We combined FEA and in vitro experiments using a digital imaging correlation (DIC) technique to study effects of different alignment conditions after treating 4 cases of intertrochanteric fractures using the trochanteric nail system. A downward force of 2250 N was applied to the femoral head, and the distal end of the femur was fixed. The observed indicators were the femur displacement, together with the stress on the femur and trochanteric nail system. In addition, the displacement distribution was analyzed using DIC.

Results
In the case of space reduction, the force was transmitted by the trochanteric nail system, resulting in greater stress imposed on the femur or the trochanteric nail system. In the case of closed reduction, the stress was much smaller. In the case of unstable fracture reduction, closed reduction was associated with a smaller contact area at the fracture site, resulting in greater stress on both trochanter and the trochanteric nail system.

Conclusion
When the trochanteric nail system was used for fixation, the fracture site was well aligned, reducing the stress on the femur or the trochanteric nail.
Review on volumetric energy density: influence on morphology and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V manufactured via laser powder bed fusion
Authors: Buhairi Minhalina Ahmad , Foudzi Farhana Mohd , Jamhari Fathin Iliana , Sulong Abu Bakar , Radzuan Nabilah Afiqah Mohd , Muhamad Norhamidi , Mohamed Intan Fadhlina , Azman Abdul Hadi , Harun Wan Sharuzi Wan , Al-Furjan M S H 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVarious laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process parameters must be considered as they can independently affect the properties of end-product. However, many studies simply examine one or two LPBF process parameters. Laser power, scan speed, scan spacing, and layer height are the four primary LPBF process parameters that contribute to volumetric energy density (VED) used in LPBF. VED is often used as an optimization metric for LPBF process parameters, because it takes all four major parameters into consideration. Thus, this paper focuses on the effect of VED on the morphology and properties of part, and also discusses on the interrelationship between all four parameters. Common range used for each parameter is 70–400 W for laser power, 70–1800 mm/s for scan speed, 50–140 µm for scan spacing, and 20–50 µm for layer height. It can be seen as the VED increased, the microstructure of as-built titanium alloy Ti6Al4V components exhibited smaller α’ martensite size and larger columnar β grain. High VED can also reduce porosity and defect formation, which will help in increasing part density. The lowest surface roughness reported for LPBF Ti6Al4V is 4.91 µm. Meanwhile, the maximum microhardness obtained is 443 HV and the highest tensile strength achieved is 1400 MPa. The VED used for studies that obtained these results are in the range of 55–65 J/mm3. Thus, it can be concluded that the most suitable VED for LPBF printing of Ti6Al4V is around 55–65 J/mm3.
Local SIML estimation of some Brownian and jump functionals under market micro-structure noise
Authors: Kunitomo Naoto , Sato Seisho 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper is a contribution to a special issue on Data Science: Present and Future, because the main topic has been and will be in an active area of contemporary data science. High-frequency financial data are commonly available by now. To estimate Brownian and jump functionals from high-frequency financial data under market micro-structure noise, we introduce a new local estimation method of the integrated volatility and higher order variation of Ito’s semi-martingale processes. Although extending the realized volatility (RV) estimation to the general diffusion-jump processes without micro-market noise is straightforward, estimating Brownian and jump functionals in the presence of micro-market noise may not be easy. In this study, we develop the local SIML (LSIML) method, which is an extension of the separating information maximum likelihood (SIML) method proposed by Kunitomo et al. (Separating information maximum likelihood method for high-frequency financial data, 2018) and Kunitomo and Kurisu (Jpn J Stat Data Sci (JJSD) 4(1):601–641, 2021). The new LSIML method is simple, and the LSIML estimator has some desirable asymptotic properties and reasonable finite sample properties.
Adolescence and the development of social behaviour in giraffes
Authors: Muller Zoe , Cuthill Innes C. , Harris Stephen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAll mammals experience different life stages as they develop, each of which is characterised by particular physical and behavioural changes. Despite the emergence of sophisticated behaviour analysis techniques, the ways in which social behaviour varies by life stage, and how this is influenced by an individual’s sex, is relatively understudied in most social mammals other than primates and elephants. Understanding the social requirements of mammals should be a central and critical component to their conservation, captive management and welfare. Here, we apply social network analysis techniques to understand how social behaviour differs with life stage in the giraffe, a gregarious fission–fusion mammal. We studied two wild populations of giraffes in Kenya and found that adolescents have significantly stronger associations with adolescents of their own sex first and foremost, then adults of their own sex. Other associations were significantly lower than would be expected, or non-significant. Our results suggest that adolescence in both male and female giraffes shares similar features to adolescence in other social mammal species. We discuss how the application of such knowledge might improve the management and welfare of captive giraffes.