bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PTPRO represses colorectal cancer tumorigenesis and progression by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism
Authors: Dai Weixing , Xiang Wenqiang , Han Lingyu , Yuan Zixu , Wang Renjie , Ma Yanlei , Yang Yongzhi , Cai Sanjun , Xu Ye , Mo Shaobo , Li Qingguo , Cai Guoxiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal expression of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) has been reported to be a crucial cause of cancer. As a member of PTPs, protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) has been revealed to play tumor suppressive roles in several cancers, while its roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be elucidated. Hence, we aimed to explore the roles and mechanisms of PTPRO in CRC initiation and progression.MethodsThe influences of PTPRO on the growth and liver metastasis of CRC cells and the expression patterns of different lipid metabolism enzymes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Molecular and biological experiments were conducted to uncover the underpinning mechanisms of dysregulated de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid β‐oxidation.ResultsPTPRO expression was notably downregulated in CRC liver metastasis compared to the primary cancer, and such a downregulation was associated with poor prognosis of patients with CRC. PTPRO silencing significantly promoted cell growth and liver metastasis. Compared with PTPRO wild‐type mice, PTPRO‐knockout mice developed more tumors and harbored larger tumor loads under treatment with azoxymethane and dextran sulfate sodium. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that PTPRO downregulation was significantly associated with the fatty acid metabolism pathways. Blockage of fatty acid synthesis abrogated the effects of PTPRO silencing on cell growth and liver metastasis. Further experiments indicated that PTPRO silencing induced the activation of the AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling axis, thus promoting de novo lipogenesis by enhancing the expression of sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and its target lipogenic enzyme acetyl‐CoA carboxylase alpha (ACC1) by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, PTPRO attenuation decreased the fatty acid oxidation rate by repressing the expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and its downstream enzyme peroxisomal acyl‐coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) via activating the p38/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.ConclusionsPTPRO could suppress CRC development and metastasis via modulating the AKT/mTOR/SREBP1/ACC1 and MAPK/PPARα/ACOX1 pathways and reprogramming lipid metabolism.
Framework Nucleic Acids Enabled Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cell Growth Inhibition by Targeting microRNA‐152
Authors: You Zaichun , Huang Qiuhong , Xu Lilin , Liu Xueping , Fu Juan , Li Boxuan , Yang Yi , Li Shuyi , Qian Hang , Wang Guansong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPulmonary artery vascular endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR). To address this, aberrantly expressed non‐coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are excellent therapeutic targets in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). Here, we discovered and validated the overexpression of miRNA‐152 in HPAECs under hypoxia and its role in endothelial cell dysfunction. We constructed a framework nucleic acid nanostructure that harbors six protruding single‐stranded DNA segments that can fully hybridize with miRNA‐152 (DNT‐152). DNT‐152 was efficiently taken up by HPAECs with increasing time and concentration; it markedly induced apoptosis, and inhibited HPAEC growth under hypoxic conditions. Mechanistically, DNT‐152 silenced miRNA‐152 expression and upregulated its target gene Meox2, which subsequently inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results indicate that miRNA‐152 in HPAECs may be an excellent therapeutic target against PVR, and that framework nucleic acids with carefully designed sequences are promising nanomedicines for noncancerous cells and diseases.
Directed Palladium Catalyzed C−H (Ethoxycarbonyl)difluoromethylthiolation Reactions
Authors: Doche Floriane , Escudero Julien , Petit‐Cancelier Fabien , Xiong Heng‐Ying , Couve‐Bonnaire Samuel , Audisio Davide , Poisson Thomas , Besset Tatiana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe unprecedented Pd‐catalyzed (ethoxycarbonyl)difluoromethylthiolation reaction of various unsaturated derivatives was studied. In the presence of the (ethoxycarbonyl)difluoromethylsulfenamide reagentIand under mild reaction conditions (60 °C), both 2‐(hetero)aryl and 2‐(α‐aryl‐vinyl)pyridine derivatives were smoothly functionalized with this methodology (37 examples, up to 87 % yield). Moreover, the synthetic interest of this fluorinated moiety was further showcased by its conversion into various original fluorinated residues. Finally, a plausible mechanism for this transformation was suggested.
A nonneglectable stereochemical factor in drug development: Atropisomerism
Authors: Yang Ya‐Dong , Yang Bei‐Bei , Li Li 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChirality is one of the key factors affecting the medicinal efficacy of compounds. In addition to central chirality, sterically hindered chiral axes commonly appear in drugs and the resulting chirality is known as atropisomerism. With developments in medicinal chemistry, atropisomerism has attracted increasing attention. This review discusses the classification, biological activity, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and side effects of atropisomers, and can serve as a reference in the research and development of potential chiral drugs.
An effective model for predicting agricultural crop yield on remote sensing hyper‐spectral images using adaptive logistic regression classifier
Authors: Sathiyamoorthi Velayutham , Harshavardhanan Pon , Azath Hussain , Senbagavalli Marimuthu , Viswa Bharathy Ayyappillai Mallika , Chokkalingam Bala Subramanian 
Published: July 2022

SummaryIn today's world, agriculture can be a major significant source of endurance as well as an essential aspect in the development of the world economy. Hyper‐spectral (HS) imaging plays a vital role in remote sensing to support the agriculture environment where the satellite communication technology is utilized to provide improved accessibility of HS imagery demands the assessment of precision agriculture application. The historical statistical information may not be helpful in the prediction of agriculture yield. Therefore, in this research, a novel HS image processing technique has been implemented using remote sensing technology to achieve an efficient and accurate prediction of crop yield. Primarily, the preprocessing technique called 2D‐adaptive anisotropic diffusion filter is implemented to eradicate the speckle noise from HS images and then enhanced by applying a new edge preservation‐contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization technique. Afterward, the fast fuzzy C means algorithm has been incorporated in the proposed method to cluster the agriculture crop's gradient intensity pixels from HS images. Finally, the optimum features are learned and then fed into the adaptive logistic regression classifier to classify the different agricultural crops. The simulation results manifest that the proposed methodology efficiently predicts the agricultural crops with superior accuracy of 99.27% and specificity of 99% as compared with existing state‐of‐the‐art techniques.
Genetic markers in Andean Puya species (Bromeliaceae) with implications on plastome evolution and phylogeny
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhang Yu‐Qu , Tumi Liscely , Suni Mery L. , Arakaki Mónica , Burgess Kevin S. , Ge Xue‐Jun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Andean plant endemic Puya is a striking example of recent and rapid diversification from central Chile to the northern Andes, tracking mountain uplift. This study generated 12 complete plastomes representing nine Puya species and compared them to five published plastomes for their features, genomic evolution, and phylogeny. The total size of the Puya plastomes ranged from 159,542 to 159,839 bp with 37.3%–37.4% GC content. The Puya plastomes were highly conserved in organization and structure with a typical quadripartite genome structure. Each of the 17 consensus plastomes harbored 133 genes, including 87 protein‐coding genes, 38 tRNA (transfer RNA) genes, and eight rRNA (ribosomal RNA) genes; we found 69–78 tandem repeats, 45–60 SSRs (simple sequence repeats), and 8–22 repeat structures among 13 species. Four protein‐coding genes were identified under positive site‐specific selection in Puya. The complete plastomes and hypervariable regions collectively provided pronounced species discrimination in Puya and a practical tool for future phylogenetic studies. The reconstructed phylogeny and estimated divergence time for the lineage suggest that the diversification of Puya is related to Andean orogeny and Pleistocene climatic oscillations. This study provides plastome resources for species delimitation and novel phylogenetic and biogeographic studies.
Construction and application of exclusive flavour fingerprints from fragrant rice based on gas chromatography – ion mobility spectrometry (GC‐IMS)
Authors: Chen Tong , Li Haiyu , Chen Xinyu , Wang Yong , Cheng Qianwei , Qi Xingpu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFragrant rice has unique aroma characteristics appreciated by many consumers. In order to extract exclusive flavour fingerprints from Guangxi fragrant rice and to further verify its effectiveness by allowing the rapid identification of fragrant rice from two main production regions (Guangxi and Wuchang), gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectrometry (GC‐IMS) technology was applied to analyse flavour components of 53 fragrant rice samples. Based on the two‐dimensional GC‐IMS map, characteristic variables of flavour components from Guangxi fragrant rice were screened via image pretreatment and automatic threshold segmentation algorithm. The extracted variables were further processed by using principal component analysis and quadratic discriminant analysis to establish a non‐linear model for discriminating two types of fragrant rice. The results showed that a total of 46 characteristic variables were extracted from Guangxi fragrant rice, and the first two principal components showed that the two types of rice samples had their own corresponding regions. 2‐Butanone, 2‐heptanone, pinene, 1‐heptanal, 2‐methyl‐1‐butanol acetate and octanal were the key different flavour components. The established model had an excellent recognition rate, which could be used to determine the geographical region of fragrant rice. The proposed method could achieve quick, non‐destructive and accurate analysis of fragrant rice geographical properties. It can be further applied in feature extraction from the two‐dimensional fingerprint map generated by other similar combined instruments.
Heterologous adenovirus‐vector/messenger RNA regimen is associated with improved severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 humoral response in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Mendizabal Manuel , Ducasa Nicolás , Benencio Paula , Anders Margarita , Cairo Fernando , Barbero Manuel , Etcheves Patricia , Alter Adriana , Scarton Giampaolo , Abraldes Juan G. , Biglione Mirna , Mauro Ezequiel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Knowledge of the immunogenicity of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) is mainly limited to messenger RNA (mRNA)‐based types. We aimed to evaluate the humoral response in LTRs and to address the use of different doses of mycophenolate (MMF) on the probability of developing anti‐spike immunoglobulin G (IgG). In this prospective cohort study, SARS‐CoV‐2 anti‐spike IgG, neutralizing antibodies (NAs), and nucleocapsid protein (N) were evaluated in LTRs and healthy volunteers 21–90 days after receiving the second vaccine dose of either ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca), rAd26‐rAd5 (Sputnik V), inactivated BBIBP‐CorV (Sinopharm), or the heterologous combination rAd26/mRNA‐1273 (Sputnik V/Moderna). We collected information regarding clinical data and vaccine side effects. After excluding three LTRs due to a positive N test, 120 LTRs and 27 controls were analyzed. No significant differences were found among groups. Overall, 24 (89%) controls and 74 (62%) LTRs were positive for anti‐spike IgG (p = 0.007). Among LTRs, those immunized with rAd26/mRNA‐1273 presented significantly higher positive serology and NAs when compared with the homologous regimens (91% vs. 55%, p = 0.001; and 1182 IU/ml vs. 446 IU/ml, p = 0.002; respectively). In the multivariate analysis, humoral response was significantly reduced in LTRs who received higher doses of MMF (odds ratio [OR], 0.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03–0.3; p < 0.001) and with increased BMI (OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7; p = 0.005); and it was significantly higher in those immunized with rAd26/mRNA‐1273 (OR, 13.1; 95% CI, 2.3–72.9; p = 0.003). In LTRs anti‐spike IgG concentrations showed a very good correlation with NA titers (R
2 = 0.949; 95% CI, 0.919–0.967; p < 0.001). No serious adverse events were reported in either group. Conclusion: In LTRs, rAd26/mRNA‐1273 was independently associated with higher antibody response. Future studies are necessary to evaluate whether combining different vaccine platforms and MMF reduction may lead to a better booster response.
Reduction in gut‐derived MUFAs via intestinal stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 deletion drives susceptibility to NAFLD and hepatocarcinoma
Authors: Ducheix Simon , Piccinin Elena , Peres Claudia , Garcia‐Irigoyen Oihane , Bertrand‐Michel Justine , Fouache Allan , Cariello Marica , Lobaccaro Jean‐Marc , Guillou Hervé , Sabbà Carlo , Ntambi James M. , Moschetta Antonio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined by a set of hepatic conditions ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by inflammation and fibrosis, eventually predisposing to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Together with fatty acids (FAs) originated from adipose lipolysis and hepatic lipogenesis, intestinal‐derived FAs are major contributors of steatosis. However, the role of mono‐unsaturated FAs (MUFAs) in NAFLD development is still debated. We previously established the intestinal capacity to produce MUFAs, but its consequences in hepatic functions are still unknown. Here, we aimed to determine the role of the intestinal MUFA‐synthetizing enzyme stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in NAFLD. We used intestinal‐specific Scd1‐KO (iScd1
−/−) mice and studied hepatic dysfunction in different models of steatosis, NASH, and HCC. Intestinal‐specific Scd1 deletion decreased hepatic MUFA proportion. Compared with controls, iScd1
−/− mice displayed increased hepatic triglyceride accumulation and derangement in cholesterol homeostasis when fed a MUFA‐deprived diet. Then, on Western diet feeding, iScd1
−/− mice triggered inflammation and fibrosis compared with their wild‐type littermates. Finally, intestinal‐Scd1 deletion predisposed mice to liver cancer. Conclusions: Collectively, these results highlight the major importance of intestinal MUFA metabolism in maintaining hepatic functions and show that gut‐derived MUFAs are protective from NASH and HCC.
Special issue “The advance of solid tumor research in China”: Discoidin domain receptor 2 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition via activating AKT signaling
Authors: Xu Xiaoxiao , Duan Xiaofan , Wang Shunli , Zhang Yumei , Gao Yuan , Xu Xiaolin , Yeerkenbieke Gaoshaer , Zhou Jiuli , Li Jin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTumor metastasis is one of the main reasons for the high mortality rate associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. Here, we reported that the expression of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) was significantly upregulated in CRC tissues compared to that in normal adjacent tissues. The expression level of DDR2 was negatively associated with prognosis of CRC patients. Therefore, DDR2 may play an oncogenic role in CRC development. Furthermore, DDR2 induced epithelial mesenchymal transition in CRC cells and regulated their invasive and metastatic capacity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, increased DDR2 expression level activated the AKT/GSK‐3β/Slug signaling pathway. In conclusion, these findings showed that DDR2 promoted CRC metastasis and DDR2 inhibition might represent an effective therapeutic strategy for local advanced and metastatic CRC treatment.
Indocyanine green for targeted imaging of the gall bladder and fluorescence navigation
Authors: Wang Zhidong , Yang Xiao , Mei Lin , Jiang Tiantian , Sun Tingkai , Chen HaiYan , Wu YouShen , Ji Yuanyuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearchers nowadays have devoted extra attention to the different biomedical applications of indocyanine green (ICG), a US Food and Drug Administration‐approved fluorescent compound in the fields such as drug delivery, medical imaging and disease diagnosis. In addition, hepatic function evaluation could be conducted by using ICG before surgical procedures and angiographic assessment of blood. Therefore, ICG will be expected to be excellent imaging and targeting agent in various preclinical and clinical model systems. However, whether ICG possesses the potential for the gall bladder's intraoperative imaging guidance needs to be further explored in vivo animal experiments. Herein, near‐infrared fluorophores ICG can display the specific uptake by the gall bladder cells and tissues. The dynamic process of biodistribution and the clearance of ICG in vivo in mice are clearly shown in real‐time live‐body imaging. Furthermore, ICG was rapidly excreted into the bile and lately biodistributed to the stomach after treatment in mice. Meanwhile, the signal‐to‐background ratio of the gall bladder demonstrated a tremendously higher level compared to other organs (stomach, heart, liver, lung, pancreas, spleen, intestine and duodenum). In conclusion, fluorescence navigation using ICG fluorescence imaging will provide good visualization and detection of the target lesions (gall bladder) in clinics such as diagnostic medical imaging and intraoperative navigation.
Measured weight loss as a precursor to cancer diagnosis: retrospective cohort analysis of 43 302 primary care patients
Authors: Nicholson Brian David , Thompson Matthew James , Hobbs Frederick David Richard , Nguyen Matthew , McLellan Julie , Green Beverly , Chubak Jessica , Oke Jason Lee 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundUnexpected weight loss is a presenting feature of cancer in primary care. Data from primary care are lacking to quantify how much weight loss over what period should trigger further investigation for cancer. This research aimed to quantify cancer diagnosis rates associated with measured weight change in people attending primary care.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of primary care electronic health records data linked to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry (Integrated healthcare delivery system in Washington State, United States). Multivariable Cox regression incorporating time varying covariates using splines to model non‐linear associations (age, percentage weight change, and weight change interval). Fifty thousand randomly selected patients aged 40 years and over followed for up to 9 years (1 January 2006 to 31 December 2014). Outcome measures are hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) to quantify the association between percentage weight change and cancer diagnosis for all cancers combined, individual cancer sites and stages; percentage risk of cancer diagnosis within 6 months of the end of each weight change episode; and the positive predictive value for cancer diagnosis.ResultsThere were 43 302 included in the analysis after exclusions. Over 287 858 patient‐years of follow‐up, including 24 272 (56.1%) females, 23 980 (55.4%) aged 40 to 59 years, 15 113 (34.9%) 60 to 79 years, and 4209 (9.7%) aged 80 years and over. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for cancer diagnosis in a 60 years old ranged from 1.04 (1.02 to 1.05, P < 0.001) for 1% weight loss to 1.44 (1.23 to 1.68, P < 0.001) for 10%. An independent linear association was observed between percentage weight loss and increasing cancer risk. The absolute risk of cancer diagnosis increased with increasing age (up to 85 years) and as the weight change measurement interval decreased (<1 year). The positive predictive value for a cancer diagnosis within 1 year of ≥5% measured weight loss in a 60 to 69 years old was 3.41% (1.57% to 6.37%) in men and 3.47% (1.68% to 6.29%) in women. The risk of cancer diagnosis was significantly increased for pancreatic, myeloma, gastro‐oesophageal, colorectal, breast, stage II and IV cancers.ConclusionsWeight loss is a sign of undiagnosed cancer regardless of the interval over which it occurs. Guidelines should resist giving an arbitrary cut‐off for the interval of weight loss and focus on the percentage of weight loss and the patient's age. Future studies should focus on the association between diagnostic evaluation of weight change and risk of cancer mortality.
Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity of breast: Sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Lee Na Young , Chang Yun‐Woo , Lee Eun Ji , Jin Yoon Mi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity (TCCRP) of breast is a rare subtype of breast cancer, which show tall and columnar cells with nuclei of reversed polarity, resembles tall cell variant in papillary thyroid cancer. Only 78 cases in 20 published studies had been reported by 2021. TCCRP was recently included as a separate subgroup of rare tumors in the World Health Organization Blue Book Classification of breast tumors (5th edition). We describe a TCCRP case in a 64‐year‐old woman with detailed radiologic features including quantitative ultrasonography.
Retrospective analysis of 2054 cases from 24 hospitals underwent ultrasonic consultation in a tertiary prenatal diagnosis center in Beijing, China
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Han Jingjing , Li Lin , Wang Li , Wu Qingqing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the practices of prenatal ultrasound consultation in a region of the China and to describe the rate of concordance between the suspected anomaly and the final diagnosis of the referral examination.MethodsRetrospective study with all cases referred from 24 hospitals (Beijing, China) to a tertiary prenatal diagnosis center for ultrasonic consultation in 2018. The concordance between the suspected ultrasonic signs of fetal abnormalities of the referrer and the ultrasonic consultation results were evaluated and divided into full concordance, partial concordance, and discordance.ResultsFrom 1938 patients with suspected ultrasonic signs, 2054 ultrasound consultation records were obtained. The most frequent anomalies for consultation in the first trimester (348, 91.3%) were cystic hygroma (CH), nuchal translucency (NT), or nuchal fold (NF) thickening, followed by signs of brain abnormalities in the second (173, 22.4%) and the third (182, 34.1%) trimester. The discordant rates of the first single signs were 19.8% for the first trimester, 41.6% for the second trimester, and 37.4% for the third trimester, respectively.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the discordance of the first single signs was relatively low in the first trimester and higher in the second and third trimesters. The number of sonographers could be increased to ensure timeliness, strengthen training for those with poor concordance rates by referring to appropriate guidelines, and reduce ultrasonic consultation for those with high consistency after further research to save medical resources.