bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disability in perioperative activities of daily living is associated with worse survival outcomes following hepatic resection in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mima Kosuke , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Yumoto Shinsei , Matsumoto Takashi , Tsukamoto Masayo , Miyata Tatsunori , Nakagawa Shigeki , Nitta Hidetoshi , Baba Hideo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare disease; however, its incidence and mortality are increasing worldwide. The rapid aging of populations around the world is leading to an increased number of patients with cancer who develop disability in activities of daily living (ADL). This study was conducted to investigate the associations of perioperative ADL with patient survival after hepatic resection for ICC.MethodsWe included 70 consecutive patients who underwent hepatectomy for ICC from 2010 to 2021 in the current study. Preoperative and postoperative ADL were evaluated based on the Barthel index, which yields a score of 0–100 points, with higher scores indicating greater independence. A preoperative or postoperative Barthel index score of <100 was defined as disability in perioperative ADL. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate hazard ratios after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsAmong the 70 patients, seven (10%) had a preoperative Barthel index score of <100, and 23 (33%) showed a postoperative Barthel index score of <100. Multivariate analyses revealed that disability in perioperative ADL was associated with shorter recurrence‐free survival (multivariable hazard ratios 2.38, 95% confidence interval 1.22–4.57; p = 0.011) and overall survival (multivariable hazard ratio 2.49, 95% confidence interval 1.09–5.70; p = 0.031).ConclusionsDisability in perioperative ADL is associated with shorter recurrence‐free and overall survival after hepatic resection for ICC. Upon validation, perioperative measurement of ADL may improve risk assessment, and improvement of perioperative ADL may lead to favorable clinical outcomes in patients with ICC.
Relative dentin and enamel abrasivity of charcoal toothpastes
Authors: Zoller Manuel J. , Hamza Blend , Cucuzza Claudia , Gubler Andrea , Attin Thomas , Wegehaupt Florian J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectivesVery little data are known about charcoal toothpastes. The aim of this study was to counteract the missing data by determining the relative dentin abrasivity (RDA) and relative enamel abrasivity (REA) values of charcoal toothpastes.MethodsRadioactively charged dentin and enamel samples were randomly divided into groups of eight specimens. Each group was brushed with two of total 12 charcoal toothpaste slurries and with a standard abrasive with a known RDA and REA value. The measured radioactivity in counts per minute within the slurries corresponds to the amount of dentin or enamel abraded. RDA and REA values of the charcoal toothpastes were expressed relative to the known value of the standard slurry.ResultsThe RDA and REA values of the charcoal toothpastes have a broad range of 24–166 and 0–14, respectively.ConclusionsThe RDA and REA values do not differ significantly from previously tested commercially available toothpastes. However, the lack of fluoride compounds in many of the investigated charcoal toothpastes can have a less beneficial effect for the consumers. It is very important to educate patients accordingly.
Prediction of recovery time of urinary incontinence following robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy
Authors: Kitamura Kosuke , China Toshiyuki , Nagata Masayoshi , Isotani Shuji , Muto Satoru , Sakamoto Yoshiro , Horie Shigeo 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesPostoperative urinary incontinence recovery following robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy is an important outcome. We investigated whether factors that affect urinary incontinence can predict the duration of postoperative incontinence recovery.MethodsA total of 310 patients underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Continence recovery was defined as either pad‐free or a safety pad only status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on clinical variables to identify those that were associated with continence recovery. A scoring system to predict recovered continence was constructed using statistically significant variables. The validity of this tool was tested in a new cohort of 273 patients.ResultsFactors associated with recovery of urinary incontinence were membranous urethral length, preservation of bilateral neurovascular bundles, and a preoperative Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score of ≥3 in the apex. Age was related only to incontinence recovery at 1 month. To prepare the score, weighting was performed using the estimated values. Using the developed scoring system, participants in the verification set were divided into three groups. The early recovery group had a median incontinence recovery of 4 (4–12) weeks, the medium recovery group, 12 (4–24) weeks, and the late recovery group, 24 (24–48) weeks, which was a significant difference (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe applied scoring system based on preoperative factors related to incontinence and derived from patient groups was significantly associated with continence recovery time. In patients undergoing robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, our unit‐weighted regression model of clinical variables can predict the duration of continence recovery.
Simplified approach to the medial internal iliac region using a uretero‐hypogastric nerve fascia development procedure for extended pelvic lymph node dissection during robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy for high‐risk prostate cancer
Authors: Shimbo Masaki , Ohyama Takehiro , Endo Fumiyasu , Komatsu Kenji , Kyono Yoko , Sano Masayuki , Narimoto Kazutaka , Hattori Kazunori 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionAlthough several clinical guidelines for prostate cancer (PC) recommend extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) during radical prostatectomy for high‐risk cases, there are several issues to consider, including certain technical aspects. A simplified approach to the medial internal iliac region and paravesical arteries has not been established. The uretero‐hypogastric nerve fascia (UHF) envelopes the ureter, hypogastric nerve, and pelvic autonomic nerves. To preserve the UHF, it is possible to approach the medial side of the internal iliac vessels without injuring any important tissue. We analyzed technical feasibility and lymph node (LN) yields.Patients and methodsAfter obtaining institutional review board approval, 265 high‐risk PC patients with ePLND were identified. A da Vinci S or Xi robotic surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used. We divided the patients into conventional (non‐UHF) method and modified (UHF) groups. The numbers of LNs removed, procedure‐related complications, and surgical outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThe median number of LNs removed was 19.0 in the non‐UHF group and 22.0 in the UHF group (p = 0.004). Significantly more LNs were removed from the internal iliac region in the UHF group (p = 0.042). There was no difference in overall operative, console, or LN dissection time, or the severe complication rate (Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ III), between the non‐UHF and UHF groups.ConclusionsOur simplified approach using the UHF development technique is technically feasible, has no major complications, and allows for the removal of significantly more LNs compared with the conventional method.
Relationship between dry skin and pressure injury in older patients: A multicentre cross‐sectional survey in China
Authors: Jiang Qixia , Chen Kesu , Liu Yuxiu , Zhou Jihong , Bai Yuxuan , Zhao Jing , Weng Yajuan , Zhu Yuling , Feng Haixia , Wang Jing , Cai Yunmin , Ou Yulan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDry skin and pressure injuries in older persons have become global health care problems. This was a multicentre, prospective cross‐sectional study in 44 hospitals and 8 long term care institutions from 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China and aimed to explore the relationship between the two skin problems in older patients. We mainly found 11 602 cases with dry skin and 1076 cases with pressure injuries in a total of 33 769 valid participants. The overall prevalence of dry skin and pressure injuries was 34.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 33.9–34.9) and 3.1% (95% CI 2.9–3.3). Stage 2+ pressure injuries were the most (32.9%), followed by stage 1 (32.4%). The patients with dry skin had more pressure injuries than ones without dry skin (50.0% vs 33.9%). The patients with very severe and severe dry skin had more pressure injury risk (OR 2.22 and 1.90) and more stage 2+ pressure injury risk (OR 2.83 and 1.63). Other nine predictors associated with overall pressure injuries and stage 2+ pressure injuries. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the predictive models of overall pressure injuries and stage 2+ pressure injuries were 0.89 (95% CI 0.88–0.90) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.90–0.92), respectively.
Clustering using unsupervised machine learning to stratify the risk of immune‐related liver injury
Authors: Yamamoto Takafumi , Morooka Hikaru , Ito Takanori , Ishigami Masatoshi , Mizuno Kazuyuki , Yokoyama Shinya , Yamamoto Kenta , Imai Norihiro , Ishizu Yoji , Honda Takashi , Yokota Kenji , Hase Tetsunari , Maeda Osamu , Hashimoto Naozumi , Ando Yuichi , Akiyama Masashi , Kawashima Hiroki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimImmune‐related liver injury (liver‐irAE) is a clinical problem with a potentially poor prognosis.MethodsWe retrospectively collected clinical data from patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors between September 2014 and December 2021 at the Nagoya University Hospital. Using an unsupervised machine learning method, the Gaussian mixture model, to divide the cohort into clusters based on inflammatory markers, we investigated the cumulative incidence of liver‐irAEs in these clusters.ResultsThis study included a total of 702 patients. Among them, 492 (70.1%) patients were male, and the mean age was 66.6 years. During the mean follow‐up period of 423 days, severe liver‐irAEs (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥ 3) occurred in 43 patients. Patients were divided into five clusters (a, b, c, d, and e). The cumulative incidence of liver‐irAE was higher in cluster c than in cluster a (hazard ratio [HR]: 13.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.70–108.76, P = 0.014), and overall survival was worse in clusters c and d than in cluster a (HR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.77–4.50, P < 0.001; HR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.47–5.60, P = 0.002, respectively). Clusters c and d were characterized by high temperature, C‐reactive protein, platelets, and low albumin. However, there were differences in the prevalence of neutrophil count, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and liver metastases between both clusters.ConclusionsThe combined assessment of multiple markers and body temperature may help stratify high‐risk groups for developing liver‐irAE.
Experience of internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy among patients with non‐cardiac chest pain
Authors: Eriksson‐Liebon Magda , Lundgren Johan , Rytterström Patrik , Johansson Peter , Mourad Ghassan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectiveTo explore the experiences of patients with non‐cardiac chest pain and cardiac anxiety regarding participation in an internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy program.BackgroundNon‐cardiac chest pain is common and leads to cardiac anxiety. Internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy may be a possible option to decrease cardiac anxiety in these patients. We have recently evaluated the effect of an internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy program on cardiac anxiety.DesignAn inductive qualitative study using content analysis and the COREQ checklist.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with 16 Swedish patients, who had participated in the internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy program.ResultsThree categories were found. The first, ‘Driving factors for participation in the internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy program’ described the impact of pain on their lives and struggle that led them to participating in the program. The second, ‘The program as a catalyst’ described that the program was helpful, trustworthy and useful and the last category, ‘Learning to live with chest pain’ described the program as a tool for gaining the strength and skills to live a normal life despite chest pain.ConclusionsThe program was experienced as an opportunity to return to a normal life. The program was perceived as helpful, trustworthy and useful, which helped the participants challenge their fear of chest pain and death, and gain strength and new insights into their ability to live a normal life.Relevance to Clinical PracticeA tailored internet‐delivered cognitive behavioural therapy program delivered by a nurse therapist with clinical experience of the patient group is important to improve cardiac anxiety.Patient or Public ContributionPatients or the general public were not involved in the design, analysis or interpretation of the data of this study, but two patients with experience of non‐cardiac chest pain were involved in the development of the pilot study.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03336112; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03336112.
2022 WSAVA guidelines for the recognition, assessment and treatment of pain
Authors: Monteiro B. P. , Lascelles B. D. X. , Murrell J. , Robertson S. , Steagall P. V. M. , Wright B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnimal sentience refers to the capacity of animals to feel both positive and negative emotions including that of pain. As veterinary health professionals, we have a medical and ethical duty to mitigate suffering from pain to the best of our ability. In 2014, the first Global Pain Council World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) Guidelines for the Recognition, Assessment and Treatment of Pain was published and remains to this day one of the most relevant and widespread documents of its kind. The 2022 WSAVA Global Pain Management Guidelines evolves from the first document with updated scientific information reflecting major advances in veterinary pain medicine in the last decade. This document is designed to provide the user with easy‐to‐implement, core fundamentals on the successful recognition and treatment of pain in the day‐to‐day small animal clinical practice setting. It provides basic and practical information with an extensive reference list to guide those who want to further their knowledge on pain management. The 2022 WSAVA Global Pain Management Guidelines should be easily implemented regardless of practice setting and/or location for the promotion and advance of pain management and animal welfare.
Gradient diffusion strips for detecting azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus sensu lato
Authors: Serrano‐Lobo Julia , Gómez Ana , Reigadas Elena , Muñoz Patricia , Escribano Pilar , Guinea Jesús ,   the ASPEIN Study Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundStudies comparing gradient diffusion strips (GDSs) and the EUCAST E.Def 9.4 microdilution method are scarce, thwarted by a low number of isolates, and restricted to selected antifungal agents.ObjectivesWe evaluated the performance of GDSs to detect azole resistance in A. fumigatus, including cryptic species.Patients/MethodsA. fumigatus sensu stricto (n = 89) and cryptic species (n = 52) were classified as susceptible or resistant to itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole and isavuconazole (EUCAST E.Def 9.4; clinical breakpoints v10). A. fumigatus sensu stricto azole‐resistant isolates had the following cyp51A gene mutations: TR34‐L98H (n = 24), G54R (n = 5), TR46‐Y121F‐T289A (n = 1), F46Y‐M172V‐N248T‐D255E‐E427K (n = 1), F165L (n = 1) and cyp51A gene wild type (n = 3). GDSs (ETEST®, bioMèrieux, Marcy‐l'Etoile, France and Liofilchem®, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy) MICs were obtained by following the manufacturer's guidelines.ResultsFor A. fumigatus sensu stricto, itraconazole MICs >1.5 mg/L, voriconazole >0.38 mg/L, posaconazole >0.75 mg/L, and isavuconazole >0.5 mg/L correctly separated resistant from susceptible isolates with two exceptions. Considering the aforementioned cut‐off MICs, sensitivity/specificity values of GDSs to detect azole resistance were: itraconazole (97%/100%), voriconazole (97%/100%), posaconazole (97%/100%) and isavuconazole (93.3%/100%). For cryptic species isolates, voriconazole MICs >1 mg/L and isavuconazole >0.75 mg/L separated resistant isolates from susceptible isolates with 15 and 27 exceptions, respectively. Considering the aforementioned cut‐off MICs, sensitivity/specificity values were as follows: voriconazole (68.1%/100%) and isavuconazole (25%/100%). For itraconazole and posaconazole, it was not possible to establish cut‐off values.ConclusionsWe set tentative cut‐off MIC values to correctly spot resistant Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto isolates using GDSs. The performance against cryptic species was poor.
Introduction. Anarchism and the national question—historical, theoretical and contemporary perspectives
Authors: Gutiérrez José A , Kinna Ruth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article provides an introduction to the themed section ‘Anarchism and the national question—historical, theoretical and contemporary perspectives.’ We discuss first the long and often overlooked engagement of anarchists with the colonial and national liberation question, particularly—but not exclusively—in the heyday of the movement (from the second half of the 19th to the first decades of the 20th century). We discuss in particular the overlaps and tensions between anarchists and republicans (those who favoured republics as opposed to monarchies) and anti‐colonial nationalists (anti‐colonialists who defended the right of national self‐determination). Then we proceed to discuss the potential for a dialogue between anarchist and nationalism studies based on three interventions. First, to problematise the narrative that conflates nations with state‐building processes. Second, to better grasp the emergence of alternatives to the nation–state as a historical construct. Third, to complicate narratives that associate in an unproblematic fashion internationalism and classless society. Finally, the introduction highlights the four questions which lie at the core of the themed section and discuss briefly how the papers relate to these.
Integrated phylogenomic analyses unveil reticulate evolution inParthenocissus(Vitaceae), highlighting speciation dynamics in theHimalayan–HengduanMountains
Authors: Yu Jinren , Niu Yanting , You Yichen , Cox Cymon J. , Barrett Russell L. , Trias‐Blasi Anna , Guo Jing , Wen Jun , Lu Limin , Chen Zhiduan 
Published: October 2022

SummaryHybridization caused by frequent environmental changes can lead both to species diversification (speciation) and to speciation reversal (despeciation), but the latter has rarely been demonstrated.Parthenocissus, a genus with its trifoliolate lineage in the Himalayan–Hengduan Mountains (HHM) region showing perplexing phylogenetic relationships, provides an opportunity for investigating speciation dynamics based on integrated evidence.We investigated phylogenetic discordance and reticulate evolution inParthenocissusbased on rigorous analyses of plastome and transcriptome data. We focused on reticulations in the trifoliolate lineage in the HHM region using a population‐level genome resequencing dataset, incorporating evidence from morphology, distribution, and elevation.Comprehensive analyses confirmed multiple introgressions withinParthenocissusin a robust temporal–spatial framework. Around the HHM region, at least three hybridization hot spots were identified, one of which showed evidence of ongoing speciation reversal.We present a solid case study using an integrative methodological approach to investigate reticulate evolutionary history and its underlying mechanisms in plants. It demonstrates an example of speciation reversal through frequent hybridizations in the HHM region, which provides new perspectives on speciation dynamics in mountainous areas with strong topographic and environmental heterogeneity.
Assessment of the occlusal outcomes in patients treated with orthognathic surgery and clear aligners
Authors: Kwon Taewoo , Alshehri Abdulrahman , Palo Ledjo , Kuo Chia‐Ling , Mu Jinjian , Blanck Nyle , Nanda Ravindra , Arqub Sarah Abu , Uribe Flavio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis retrospective two‐centre study aimed to evaluate the occlusal outcomes in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery with clear aligners.MethodsA retrospective chart review and occlusal outcomes for 15 patients (10 females and five males) with different types of dentofacial deformities in the anteroposterior, vertical and transverse dimensions, who underwent orthognathic surgery in conjunction with clear aligners were evaluated. Weighed Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index scores of the pre‐treatment and post‐treatment digital models were used to assess initial complexity, final occlusal outcomes and degree of improvement with surgery and clear aligners.ResultsThe mean post‐treatment PAR score was 3.5 ± 2.54, which was a statistically significant improvement from the pre‐treatment PAR score of 27.63 ± 12.09, an 87% improvement was achieved. All subcategories of the PAR index showed statistically significant improvement except for midline assessment component.ConclusionsOcclusal outcomes with aligners showed great improvement as indicated with the PAR index scores. Orthognathic surgical cases can be treated efficiently with aligners and future studies should compare occlusal outcomes between orthognathic surgical patients treated with clear aligners and those treated with fixed appliances.
Characterization of Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 as an oral probiotic and its antibiofilm activity
Authors: Gu Mingkun , Nguyen Huong Thi , Cho Joo‐Hyung , Suh Joo‐Won , Cheng Jinhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLactic acid bacteria have been widely used as probiotics for improving gut health. However, studies on oral probiotics were very limited. In this study, 67 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from fermented food and screened for antagonistic activity against Streptococcus mutans, the causative pathogen of dental caries. Leuconostoc mesenteroides MJM60376 showed the highest antagonistic activity against S. mutans KCTC3065. L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also showed oral probiotic characteristics including weak acid production, lysozyme tolerance, adhesion to oral epithelial cell (YD‐38), antibiotic susceptibility, and good coaggregation ability with S. mutans. Furthermore, the biofilm formation of S. mutans was significantly reduced when cocultured with L. mesenteroides. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that amounts of attached bacteria of S. mutans and network‐like structures were significantly reduced by L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Cell‐free supernatant (CFS) of L. mesenteroides MJM60376 also greatly inhibited biofilm formation of S. mutans from the adherent stage, the activity remained even after it was treated with catalase, trypsin, or pH neutralized. Expression levels of biofilm formation‐related genes were significantly reduced in S. mutans when it was treated with the CFS of L. mesenteroides MJM60376. Therefore, L. mesenteroides MJM60376 has great potential to be used as a multifunctional ingredient.