bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Characteristic Volatile Component Fingerprint ofPeucedanum PraeruptorumDunn at Different Harvest Periods Based on HS-GC–IMS
Authors: Ma Linke , Luo Yunyun , Chen Bilian , Zheng Cheng , Du Weifeng , Shi Xingxing , Guo Zengxi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (PPD) is a Chinese herbal medicine with medicinal value. Clinical studies have shown that PPD has protective effects against wind-heat, cough, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Therefore, cultivation of PPD is becoming more common. However, it has been difficult to determine the optimal harvest period for botanical Chinese medicines such as PPD.ObjectivesOdor characteristics are directly related to the chemical components contained in traditional Chinese medicines. In particular, for traditional Chinese medicines such as PPD that are rich in volatile components, higher quality usually means more beneficial volatile components. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in PPD volatile components across different harvest periods, and provide the basis for the identification of the ideal harvest period to ensure PPD quality.MethodsWe measured the volatile components of PPD at different harvest periods using HS-GC–IMS to characterize its volatile component fingerprint at different harvest periods.ResultsWe identified 80 volatile components in PPD across five harvest periods, and combined complex heatmap and PCA methods distinguish the characteristics of the different harvest periods, and used ion mobility spectrometry to determine the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which mainly included compounds such as olefins, esters, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, and determined that the abundance of volatile components reached a peak in December.ConclusionsThe fingerprint determination of characteristic volatile components based on HS-GC-IMS can distinguish PPD in different harvest periods.HighlightsWe used HS-GC–IMS to determine the characteristic fingerprint of volatile components from PPD across different harvest periods. This approach differs from past studies, which have determined the optimal harvest time of medicinal materials based on only the content of a single active ingredient.
Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation
Authors: Speer Megan E , Yoon Esther C , Berg Wendie A , Chang Sen Lauren Q 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) is a benign mesenchymal proliferative lesion of the breast. PASH is postulated to be hormonally induced and predominantly occurs in premenopausal women and postmenopausal women on menopausal hormone therapy. Clinical presentation varies from screen-detected lesions to palpable masses. Imaging findings of PASH are nonspecific. The most common mammographic findings are an oval or round circumscribed non-calcified mass or developing asymmetry. On US, PASH is often seen as an oval hypoechoic mass that may be circumscribed and can have an echogenic rim, or, when manifest as mammographic asymmetry, US may show a corresponding non-mass focal area of echogenic tissue. Limited studies have investigated the MRI appearance, with PASH most often manifesting as non-mass enhancement, or, less often, as an oval or irregular mass with persistent kinetics. Histopathologically, PASH can be mistaken for a fibroadenoma or phyllodes tumor and has features overlapping low-grade angiosarcoma. Assessment of radiologic-pathologic concordance is particularly important as PASH is often an incidental finding, adjacent to the targeted lesion at histopathology. Surgical excision or repeat core-needle biopsy is necessary for discordant suspicious cases. After a benign, concordant diagnosis of PASH, the patient may resume routine screening.
Plantar nerve neural fibrolipoma: rare neuroma arising from the plantar nerve of the heel
Authors: Nand Raghav , Sunderamoorthy Dakshinamurthy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEvery year, as many as 2 million patients worldwide present with plantar heel pain, with men and women being affected equally. This case reports reflects upon a healthy 46-year-old female who presented with a subtype of true neoplasm called as neural fibrolipoma arising from the plantar nerve. This 17 × 7 × 11-mm painful soft tissue mass was firstly detected by USS, which showed this mass extended deep to the plantar fascia and not arising from it, hence ruling out the common misconception of plantar fibromatosis. Later, as discussed in the Yorkshire Sarcoma MDT with magnetic resonance imaging images, a malignancy was ruled out. The patient eventually opted for an excision biopsy which confirmed the neural fibrolipoma followed by an excellent outcome at a 2-year review. This case report highlights the need to consider the neural fibroplipoma as a rare case of plantar/heel pain, and excision of the lesion would provide an excellent outcome.
Cross-leg flap in a burn patient: our experience from a tertiary center from Northern Tanzania
Authors: Lodhia Jay , Jusabani Mubashir , Msuya David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Lower limb trauma with significant tissue loss poses a great challenge to the surgeons. Cross-leg flaps were first described in 1854 and are still used for limb-salvage surgeries in those not suitable for free tissue transfer or in resource-limited settings. Herein we present a case of a 16-year-old girl, otherwise well, who sustained burn injury to her right leg while cooking exposing the anterior aspect of her tibia. Limb-salvage surgeries were done including cross-leg ‘fascio-cutaneous’ flap with positive outcome. Herein, we share our experience showing an impactful and reliable option for limb salvage in resource-limited setting.
Tomato SlMYB15 transcription factor targeted by sly-miR156e-3p positively regulates ABA-mediated cold tolerance
Authors: Zhang Luyue , Song Jianing , Lin Rui , Tang Mingjia , Shao Shujun , Yu Jingquan , Zhou Yanhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCold is a common abiotic stress that seriously affects plant growth and development. MYB transcription factors are regulatory molecules that play important roles in various biological processes. We have previously demonstrated that SlMYB15 positively regulates cold tolerance in tomato. However, the underlying mechanism of SlMYB15-induced cold tolerance remains largely unexplored. Here, cold-induced SlMYB15 was found to be targeted by Solanum lycopersicum (sly)-miR156e-3p, which was decreased by cold stimulus in tomato. Tomato plants overexpressing sly-MIR156e-3p displayed significant enhancement in susceptibility to cold stress, while silencing of sly-miR156e-3p by an artificial microRNA interference strategy caused tomato plants to be more tolerant to cold. Moreover, both overexpression of SlMYB15 and silencing of sly-miR156e-3p increased the accumulation of ABA. SlMYB15 directly binds to the promoter regions of ABA biosynthesis and signalling genes, SlNCED1 and SlABF4, resulting in enhanced cold tolerance. Further experiments showed that SlMYB15 and sly-miR156e-3p also coordinated the cold tolerance of tomato via the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signalling pathway, as reflected by the increased expression of SlRBOH1, enhanced H2O2 and O2•−accumulation, and amplified activity of antioxidant enzymes in SlMYB15-overexpressing and sly-miR156e-3p-silenced plants. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SlMYB15 targeted by sly-miR156e-3p confers higher survivability to cold stress via ABA and ROS signals. This study provides valuable information for breeding improved crop cultivars better equipped with cold tolerance.
The phase space structure in the vicinity of vertical Lyapunov orbits around L1,2 in a barred galaxy model
Authors: Katsanikas M , Patsis P A 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the phase space structure and the orbital diffusion from the vicinity of the vertical Lyapunov periodic orbits around the unstable Lagrangian points L1,2 in a 3D barred galaxy model. By perturbing the initial conditions of these periodic orbits, we detected the following five types of orbital structures in the 4D spaces of section: (i) Ring-like structures, sticky for large time intervals to the unstable invariant manifolds of the simple and double unstable vertical Lyapunov periodic orbits. (ii) 2D tori belonging to quasi-periodic orbits around stable periodic orbits existing in the region. They are associated either with vertical stable periodic orbits around L4,5 or with ‘stable anomalous’ periodic orbits. (iii) Orbits sticky for large time intervals to these tori, forming ‘sticky tori’, before they slowly depart from them. (iv) Clouds of points that have a strong chaotic behaviour. Such clouds of consequents have slow diffusion speeds, because they are hindered by the presence of the tori around the ‘stable anomalous’ periodic orbits. (v) Toroidal zones consisting of points that stick for long time on the unstable invariant manifolds of the ‘unstable anomalous’ periodic orbits. By continuing the integration, we find that eventually they become strongly chaotic, retaining however small diffusion speeds, due to the presence of the tori around the stable anomalous periodic orbits.
The Statistical Trends of Protein Evolution: A Lesson from AlphaFold Database
Authors: Tang Qian-Yuan , Ren Weitong , Wang Jun , Kaneko Kunihiko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The recent development of artificial intelligence provides us with new and powerful tools for studying the mysterious relationship between organism evolution and protein evolution. In this work, based on the AlphaFold Protein Structure Database (AlphaFold DB), we perform comparative analyses of the proteins of different organisms. The statistics of AlphaFold-predicted structures show that, for organisms with higher complexity, their constituent proteins will have larger radii of gyration, higher coil fractions, and slower vibrations, statistically. By conducting normal mode analysis and scaling analyses, we demonstrate that higher organismal complexity correlates with lower fractal dimensions in both the structure and dynamics of the constituent proteins, suggesting that higher functional specialization is associated with higher organismal complexity. We also uncover the topology and sequence bases of these correlations. As the organismal complexity increases, the residue contact networks of the constituent proteins will be more assortative, and these proteins will have a higher degree of hydrophilic–hydrophobic segregation in the sequences. Furthermore, by comparing the statistical structural proximity across the proteomes with the phylogenetic tree of homologous proteins, we show that, statistical structural proximity across the proteomes may indirectly reflect the phylogenetic proximity, indicating a statistical trend of protein evolution in parallel with organism evolution. This study provides new insights into how the diversity in the functionality of proteins increases and how the dimensionality of the manifold of protein dynamics reduces during evolution, contributing to the understanding of the origin and evolution of lives.
The usefulness of YouTube videos on lung cancer
Authors: Meteran Hanieh , Høj Simon , Sigsgaard Torben , Diers Caroline Skovsgaard , Remvig Celine , Meteran Howraman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
The use of social media as a source of health information is increasing, and the usefulness of the content may vary depending on the specific disease. Thus, this study was designed to assess the content, viewer engagement and usefulness of the most viewed YouTube videos on lung cancer.

Methods
167 videos were reviewed, and 143 met the eligibility criteria. Two authors evaluated the videos separately, and data on views, likes, dislikes and comments were extracted, and data on the source of uploader, duration and content quality were recorded.

Results
89 videos (62%) were classified as useful, 8 (6%) as misleading and 46 (32%) as neither. The misleading videos were significantly more popular in terms of views and likes compared with the useful videos: 845 643 versus 81 700, P = 0.003 and 12 170 versus 415, P &lt; 0.001, respectively.

Conclusions
This study shows that YouTube videos on lung cancer are popular and that around two-thirds of the videos are useful in terms of patient education. However, the misleading videos are currently attracting higher viewer interaction and might compose a future challenge in terms of the spread of misinformation as the algorithms will prioritize popular videos rather than videos with evidence-based information.
A Nonspecific Lipid Transfer Protein with Potential Functions in Infection and Nodulation
Authors: Gasser Mélanie , Alloisio Nicole , Fournier Pascale , Balmand Severine , Kharrat Ons , Tulumello Joris , Carro Lorena , Heddi Abdelaziz , Da Silva Pedro , Normand Philippe , Pujic Petar , Boubakri Hasna 
Published: September 2022

The response of Alnus glutinosa to Frankia alni ACN14a is driven by several sequential physiological events from calcium spiking and root-hair deformation to the development of the nodule. Early stages of actinorhizal symbiosis were monitored at the transcriptional level to observe plant host responses to Frankia alni. Forty-two genes were significantly upregulated in inoculated compared with noninoculated roots. Most of these genes encode proteins involved in biological processes induced during microbial infection, such as oxidative stress or response to stimuli, but a large number of them are not differentially modulated or downregulated later in the process of nodulation. In contrast, several of them remained upregulated in mature nodules, and this included the gene most upregulated, which encodes a nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP). Classified as an antimicrobial peptide, this nsLTP was immunolocalized on the deformed root-hair surfaces that are points of contact for Frankia spp. during infection. Later in nodules, it binds to the surface of F. alni ACN14a vesicles, which are the specialized cells for nitrogen fixation. This nsLTP, named AgLTP24, was biologically produced in a heterologous host and purified for assay on F. alni ACN14a to identify physiological effects. Thus, the activation of the plant immunity response occurs upon first contact, while the recognition of F. alni ACN14a genes switches off part of the defense system during nodulation. AgLTP24 constitutes a part of the defense system that is maintained all along the symbiosis, with potential functions such as the formation of infection threads or nodule primordia to the control of F. alni proliferation. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Patient Reported Data as Predictors of Surgical Outcome in Patients with Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy. Analysis of a National Multicenter Dataset
Authors: Gerdhem Lovisa , Charalampidis Anastasios , Gerdhem Paul 
Published: September 2022

Study Design.
Retrospective study design on prospectively collected registry data.

Objective.
To investigate whether improvement after surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy is associated with preoperative disease severity and to identify predictors of outcome.

Summary of Background Data.
Degenerative cervical myelopathy is the most common cause of spinal cord compromise in adults and surgery is often the treatment of choice. Identifying predictors may help to improve patient selection.

Methods.
This nationwide study from the Swedish spine registry included 901 patients treated surgically for degenerative cervical myelopathy. To investigate improvement in different disease severity groups, the individuals were divided into quartiles based on their preoperative European Myelopathy scale (EMS) and EQ-5D index. Statistical analyses were made with analysis of variance, Chi-square, McNemar and t-tests. Multivariable linear or logistic regression was used to identify predictors for one-year improvement in EMS and EQ-5D index, and satisfaction at one year. In the regressions, the patient reported outcome measures were dichotomized at their median, except improvement in EMS.

Results.
All patient reported outcome measures improved from baseline to the one-year follow-up (P<0.001). Statistically significant outcome improvements were seen in all disease severity groups. Preoperative low EMS (Beta=−1.37, P<0.001), long walking distance (<500 m vs. >500 m; Beta=0.44, P=0.030), and low NDI (Beta=−0.43, P=0.048) were independent predictors of improvement in EMS. R2 was 0.11 for the multivariable model. Preoperative low EQ-5D index (odds ratio 0.11; 95% confidence interval 0.07-0.16) and low NDI (0.56; 0.36-0.88) were independent predictors of improvement in EQ-5D index. Preoperative high EMS (1.86; 1.20-2.90) and shorter arm pain duration (<12 mo vs. >12 mo (0.54; 0.33-0.88) were independent predictors of satisfaction.

Conclusion.
Postoperative improvement was seen over the whole range of disease severity. Disease severity, symptom duration, and walking distance were predictors of outcome in patients treated surgically for degenerative cervical myelopathy.

Level of Evidence.
III
Distinct Immune Phenotypes and Cytokine Profiles in Children with Differing Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Talarico Laura Beatriz , Toledano Analía , Contrini María Marta , Torrado Lidia E. , Martínez María Paula , Gaillard María Isabel , Caratozzolo Ana , Byrne Alana Brooke , Bonnin Florencia Agustina , Tineo María Soledad , Yfran Eduardo Walter , Acosta Patricio Leandro , López Eduardo Luis 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is usually mild and self-limited in children. However, a few Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infections in children may progress to severe disease with respiratory distress or can result in a multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. The immune mechanisms for these differential clinical outcomes are largely unknown.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was performed to analyze the laboratory parameters, antibody response, immune phenotypes and cytokine profiles of 51 children with different clinical presentations of COVID-19.

Results:
We found that the absolute lymphocyte counts gradually decreased with disease severity. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels in the acute phase and convalescence were not significantly different in patients with different disease severity. A decrease in CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was observed as disease severity increased. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were activated in children with COVID-19, but no difference in the percentage of HLADR+-expressing cells was detected across the severity groups. In contrast, MIS-C patients exhibited augmented exhausted effector memory CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, the cytokine profile in sera of moderate/severe and MIS-C patients revealed an increase in anti-inflammatory IL-1RA and a suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α, RANTES, eotaxin and PDGF-BB. MIS-C patients also exhibited augmented IL-1β.

Conclusions:
We report distinct immune profiles dependent on severity in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Further investigation in a larger population will help unravel the immune mechanisms underlying pediatric COVID-19.
Hepatocellular Injury in Children Treated for Rifampicin-resistant Tuberculosis: Incidence, Etiology and Outcome
Authors: Duvenhage Joanie , Draper Heather R. , Garcia-Prats Anthony J. , Winckler Jana , Hesseling Anneke C. , Schaaf H. Simon 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hepatocellular injury has been reported commonly in adults on rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) treatment. However, there are limited data in children.

Methods:
Two pharmacokinetic studies of children (0–17 years) routinely treated for RR/MDR-TB were conducted in Cape Town, South Africa between October 2011 and February 2020. Hepatocellular injury adverse events (AEs; defined as elevated alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) were documented serially. Data were analyzed to determine the incidence, etiology, risk factors, management and outcome of ALT elevation.

Results:
A total of 217 children, median age 3.6 years (interquartile range, 1.7–7.1 years) at enrollment were included. The median follow-up time was 14.0 months (interquartile range, 9.8–17.2 months). Fifty-five (25.3%) patients developed an ALT AE. Of these, 43 of 55 (78%) patients had 54 ALT AEs attributed to their RR/MDR-TB treatment. The incidence rate of ALT AEs related to RR-TB treatment was 22.4 per 100 person-years. Positive HIV status and having an elevated ALT at enrollment were associated with time to ALT AE attributed to RR/MDR-TB treatment, with P values 0.0427 and P < 0.0001, respectively. Hepatitis A IgM was positive in 11 of 14 (78.6%) severe (grade ≥3) cases of ALT AEs. In 8 of 14 (57%) severe ALT AEs, hepatotoxic drugs were stopped or temporarily interrupted. None had a fatal or unresolved outcome.

Conclusions:
Hepatocellular injury in children on RR/MDR-TB treatment is common, although usually mild; having elevated ALT early in treatment and HIV-positive status are possible risk factors. Hepatitis A was a common etiology of severe ALT AE in children treated for RR/MDR-TB.
Light stimulation on tenocytes: A systematic review of in vitro studies
Authors: da Silva Mariana Rodrigues , Andrade Renato , Cardoso Fatima S. , Oliveira Sofia , Catarino Susana O. , Carvalho Óscar , Silva Filipe S. , Espregueira-Mendes João , Flores Paulo 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the methodologies, utilized stimulation parameters, and the main cellular outcomes obtained by in vitro studies that apply a light source on tenocyte cultures.

Methods:
The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to December 9, 2019 for in vitro studies that used light sources on tenocyte cultures. A 13-item checklist was used to assess methodological quality of the studies and the risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies tool.

Results:
Six studies were included. Tenocytes from the Achilles tendon were used by 83.3% of the studies, with 16.7% utilizing the deep digital flexor tendon, with cells in passage 2 to 5. Four studies used lasers and the other 2 used light-emitting diode or intense pulsed light, in wavelengths ranges from 530 to 1100 nm. The application of light to tenocytes resulted in positive effects reported by all studies, including an increase in cell proliferation and migration, and higher protein and gene expression of tendon biomarkers. Studies presented a lack of standardization on reporting light stimulation parameters and experimental methodologies, leading to low methodological quality. There was a high risk of selection, performance, detection, and reporting bias.

Conclusions:
All studies showed positive effects after light stimulation on tenocytes, regardless of the light source used. However, the lack of standardized data on light stimulation parameters, experimental setup, and the studies’ main limitations hindered representative conclusions and comparisons amongst studies’ main outcomes.