bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-15-05: Influence of shared decision making with decision aids on decisional conflict and regret in breast cancer surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tam Ka-Wai , Lin Shi-Qian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with breast cancer usually encounter difficulties in making treatment decisions. Shared decision making (SDM) is a way to minimize decisional conflicts of patients, and patients’ decision aids (PDAs) have been developed to support the implementation of SDM. However, the effect of PDAs in Asia is inconclusive. Therefore, we developed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of SDM assisted by PDAs on decisional conflict among patients with breast cancer in Taiwan. Methods: This is a two-group, outcome assessor-blind, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 151 patients diagnosed with breast cancer were assigned to the PDAs group or the classic group. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed to identify the variables influencing the treatment choice. The patients’ decision-making difficulties were evaluated using the 4-item SURE scale during the pre-operative hospitalization, and the decisional conflicts were assessed by the 5-item Decision Regret scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at one month postoperatively.Results: The choice of breast conservation therapy and mastectomy was not significantly different between the PDA and classic groups. Compared with the classic group, patients in PDA group had more depression after making decision (P = 0.029). No significant difference was noted in terms of the total scores in the SURE scale and Decision Regret scale between the groups.Conclusions: Our study revealed that PDA did not assist breast cancer patients in decision making. Clinicians should focus on SDM based on evidence-based medicine with care, and help patients taking their individual preference into consideration.
Citation Format: Ka-Wai Tam, Shi-Qian Lin. Influence of shared decision making with decision aids on decisional conflict and regret in breast cancer surgery: A randomized controlled trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-15-05.
Abstract PD2-02: Combination CDK4/6 inhibition and AR agonism suppresses the growth of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistant breast cancers
Authors: Freelander Allegra , Laven-Law Geraldine , Eshraghi Leila , Chia Kee Ming , Pickering Marie , Yong Aliza , Wilkinson Ashleigh , Alexandrou Sarah , Caldon C. Elizabeth , Hickey Theresa E , Tilley Wayne D , Lim Elgene 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Resistance to standard-of care-therapies is a significant clinical challenge in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. Cyclin dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in combination with endocrine therapies (ET) is the current standard-of-care for advanced metastatic ER+ breast cancer; however, resistance to this combination is considered inevitable, leading to disease progression. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in up to 90% of all ER+ breast cancers, and has been associated with better patient outcome. Compelling recent pre-clinical data demonstrates that selective androgen receptor AR modulators (SARMs) act to suppress ER-driven tumour growth of endocrine-sensitive and -resistant models of ER+ breast cancer. Furthermore, a recent clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of SARMs has shown clinical benefit in patients with ER+/AR+ metastatic breast cancer (NCT02463032). We hypothesise that the SARMS, either alone or in combination with a CDK4/6i, would be an effective treatment for tumours that are sensitive and resistant to ET and CDK4/6i. We report therapeutic efficacy of combination AR agonism + CDK4/6i in CDK4/6-naïve and -resistant pre-clinical models, including cell lines and patient derived xenograft (PDX) models. We demonstrate that combination SARM + CDK4/6i potently and durably inhibited in vitro and in vivo tumour growth. Additionally, we provide evidence that in vivo treatment with the CDK4/6i Palbociclib increased AR expression and signalling, highlighting an interaction of the two signalling pathways not previously described. In conclusion, our data provides a pre-clinical rationale for combination SARM + CDK4/6i in CDK4/6i resistant ER+ breast cancer.
Citation Format: Allegra Freelander, Geraldine Laven-Law, Leila Eshraghi, Kee Ming Chia, Marie Pickering, Aliza Yong, Ashleigh Wilkinson, Sarah Alexandrou, C. Elizabeth Caldon, Theresa E Hickey, Wayne D Tilley, Elgene Lim. Combination CDK4/6 inhibition and AR agonism suppresses the growth of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistant breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD2-02.
Abstract PD7-07: Surgical management and contralateral breast cancer risk in women with a history of radiation therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: Results from a population-based cohort
Authors: Eisenberg Elisheva R , Weiss Anna , Prakash Ipshita , Skamene Sonia , Basik Mark , Boileau Jean Francois , Ajjamada Lissa , Pollak Michael , Wong Stephanie M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Women with a history of chest radiation for Hodgkin lymphoma are at an increased risk of developing breast cancer. Although mastectomy has historically been recommended for surgical treatment of breast cancers in women with prior radiation exposure, surgical management trends and contralateral breast cancer risk in this population remain undefined. Methods: We performed a population-based retrospective study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1990-2016. Our cohort included women who received radiation for Hodgkin lymphoma prior to 30 years old and were diagnosed with a subsequent breast cancer. We evaluated trends in local therapy including rates of breast conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy. In those undergoing unilateral surgery, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the 5- and 10-year cumulative incidence of contralateral breast cancer. Results: Our final cohort included 295 women with a median age of 22 years (range, 8-30 years) at Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis, and 42 years (range, 22-65 years) at breast cancer diagnosis. Of these patients, 263 (89.2%) presented with unilateral breast cancer, while 32 (10.8%) presented with synchronous bilateral breast cancer. Overall, BCS was performed in 17.3% of patients and mastectomy was performed in 82.7%. In the 263 patients presenting with unilateral breast cancer, 50 (19.0%) underwent BCS and 213 (81.0%) underwent mastectomy. Subgroup analysis of mastectomy patients with surgical laterality information available demonstrated a 40.5% bilateral mastectomy rate. In the entire cohort, the 5-year incidence of contralateral breast cancer in women who underwent unilateral surgery was 9.4% (95% CI, 5.6-15.4), increasing to 20.2% (95% CI, 13.7-29.2) at 10-years of follow up. Hormone receptor status of the index breast cancer was not associated with significant differences in the incidence of contralateral breast cancer (p=0.13). Conclusions: Women with a history of prior chest radiation for Hodgkin Lymphoma with a diagnosis with breast cancer have a 10-year contralateral breast cancer risk of 20%. These findings support consideration of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy during surgical decision-making in this high-risk patient population.
Citation Format: Elisheva R Eisenberg, Anna Weiss, Ipshita Prakash, Sonia Skamene, Mark Basik, Jean Francois Boileau, Lissa Ajjamada, Michael Pollak, Stephanie M Wong. Surgical management and contralateral breast cancer risk in women with a history of radiation therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: Results from a population-based cohort [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD7-07.
Spain’s Loss of Human Capital after the Civil War: Spanish Refugees in Mexico
Authors: Sánchez-Alonso Blanca , Santiago-Caballero Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Among the important consequences of non-voluntary migration due to forced exile is the loss of human capital in the country of origin. Quantitative measurement of the human capital represented by the Spanish refugees who migrated to Mexico after the Spanish Civil War is largely missing from the economic-history literature. The use of multivariate regression models, focusing on occupation, height, and foreign-language facility as proxies of human capital, finds that the Spanish Republican refugees to Mexico presented a premium of human capital exceeding that of traditional economic migrants from Spain to Mexico, who were already considered “privileged.” The data sources also allow the analysis to isolate the human capital of the exiled women, thereby overcoming the traditional invisibility of women in recorded economic history.
Race Unity, World Peace, and the Perfectability of Humankind
Authors: Rotberg Robert I. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Utopianism, wild optimism, and a spreading conviction that the many ills of the world could be remedied with just the right formulas punctuated the final decades of the Victorian era. Given the absence of outright global conflicts and pandemics, the seeming triumph of industrialism, the conquest and occupation by Europe of remote areas of the globe, and a communications revolution that knit distant regions more easily to mother countries, leading figures of the period thought that they could confidently succeed in making the planet a much better and much more humanly rewarding enterprise.
Common Public Life Values: A Roadmap to Inclusivity and Understanding – the Case of Lebanon
Authors: Daou Ana Maria 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the recent past, many religious and secular organisations worked on developing declarations that called for the celebration of all forms of diversity, the protection of Freedom of Religion or Belief, the inclusion of marginalised groups in decision-making, and the promotion of active citizenship. However, the rise of populist movements worldwide increased the propagation of hate speech and violent narratives. This article explores how common public life values in Christianity and Islam could contribute to the development of peaceful and inclusive societies and studies the added layer this provides to practical interfaith dialogue. The article draws on real-life examples from the Lebanese context – especially from the experiences of members of the Forum for Religious Social Responsibility at Adyan Foundation.
‘Clinical Christianity’ as Philanthropy
Authors: Palanki Satheesh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study looks into the role of Protestant Missionary groups in disseminating western medicine and medical practices in Travancore during the colonial period. The institutionalisation of Western Medicine in Travancore was filliped and completed by the process of a triangular patronage. It was not only due to the state’s patronage (both the British and the Princely rulers) that Western medicine was institutionalised in Travancore but also due to the keenness shown by the missionaries to dispense it, particularly among the lower classes. Hence, this study also examines how the missionaries functioned as promoters of western medicine to popularise Christianity in Travancore during the colonial period. As in the case of education, missionaries viewed western medicine as a tool for evangelisation through charity. Missionaries developed Medical Philanthropy to elevate the lower sections of the society in Travancore.
The RIG-I–NRF2 axis regulates the mesenchymal stromal niche for bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Lou Qi , Jiang Kaizheng , Xu Quanhui , Yuan Lisha , Xie Siyu , Pan Yuan , Chen Jian , Wu Jun , Zhu Jiang , Jiang Linjia , Zhao Meng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) support bone formation and constitute the stromal niche in regulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Stromal niche dysfunction affects HSC engraftment during transplantation; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, we found that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and inflammation stress upregulated retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) in BMSCs. Excess RIG-I expression damaged the clonogenicity, bone-forming ability of BMSCs and particularly their stromal niche function that supports HSC expansion in vitro and engraftment in vivo. Mechanistically, RIG-I elevation promoted the degradation of NRF2, a checkpoint for antioxidant cellular response, by altering the RIG-I-Trim25-Keap1-NRF2 complex, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and BMSC damage. Genetic inhibition of RIG-I sustained NRF2 protein levels and reduced ROS levels in ATRA-treated BMSCs, thus preserving their clonogenicity, bone-forming ability, and stromal niche function in supporting HSC engraftment in mice. More importantly, RIG-I inhibition recovered the ATRA-treated stromal niche function to enhance HSC engraftment and emergency myelopoiesis for innate immunity against the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes during transplantation. Overall, we identified a noncanonical role of RIG-I in the regulation of the stromal niche for HSC transplantation.
A new role for the SRC family kinase HCK as a driver of SYK activation in MYD88 mutated lymphomas
Authors: Munshi Manit , Liu Xia , Kofides Amanda , Tsakmaklis Nickolas , Guerrera Maria Luisa , Hunter Zachary R. , Palomba M. Lia , Argyropoulos Kimon V. , Patterson Christopher J. , Canning Alexa G. , Meid Kirsten , Gustine Joshua , Branagan Andrew R. , Flynn Catherine A. , Sarosiek Shayna , Castillo Jorge J. , Wang Jinhua , Buhrlage Sara J. , Gray Nathanael S. , Munshi Nikhil C. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Treon Steven P. , Yang Guang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The SRC family kinase (SFK) HCK is transcriptionally upregulated and activated by mutated MYD88 (MYD88Mut), a key adaptor for Toll-receptor signaling. HCK activates BTK, AKT, and ERK in MYD88Mut lymphomas. SYK, a B-cell receptor (BCR) component, is activated in MYD88Mut lymphoma cells. Although the SFK LYN serves as a trigger for SYK activation in MYD88Mut ABC DLBCL cells, LYN activity is muted in MYD88Mut Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) cells. We therefore investigated a role for HCK in mediating SYK activation. Overexpression of wild-type (WT) (HCKWT) or gatekeeper mutated (HCKThr333Met) HCK in MYD88Mut lymphoma cells triggered SYK activation. Conversely, HCK knockdown reduced p-SYK in MYD88Mut lymphoma cells. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that HCK was complexed with p-SYK in MYD88Mut BCWM.1 and TMD8 cells, but not in MYD88 WT Ramos cells. Rescue experiments in MYD88Mut lymphoma cells expressing HCKThr333Met led to persistent HCK and SYK activation and resistance to the HCK inhibitor A419259. Treatment of primary MYD88Mut WM cells with A419259 reduced p-HCK and p-SYK expression. Taken together, our findings show that SYK is activated by HCK in MYD88Mut B-cell lymphomas cells, broaden the prosurvival signaling generated by aberrant HCK expression in response to MYD88Mut, and help define HCK as an important therapeutic target in MYD88Mut B-cell lymphomas.
ROR2 increases the chemoresistance of melanoma by regulating p53 and Bcl2-family proteins via ERK hyperactivation
Authors: Castro María Victoria , Barbero Gastón Alexis , Máscolo Paula , Ramos Rocío , Quezada María Josefina , Lopez-Bergami Pablo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
ROR2 is a tyrosine-kinase receptor whose expression is dysregulated in many human diseases. In cancer, ROR2 stimulates proliferation, survival, migration, and metastasis, and is associated with more aggressive tumor stages. The purpose of this work is to study the role of ROR2 in the chemoresistance of melanoma.

Methods
Gain- and loss-of-function experiments were used to study the biological function of ROR2 in melanoma. Cell death induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and BH-3 mimetics was evaluated using crystal violet cytotoxicity assays and annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Western blots were used to evaluate the expression of proteins implicated in cell death. The differences observed between cells with manipulation of ROR2 levels and control cells were evaluated using both Student’s t-test and ANOVA.

Results
We describe that ROR2 contributes to tumor progression by enhancing the resistance of melanoma cells to both chemotherapeutic drugs and BH-3 mimetics. We demonstrate that ROR2 reduced cell death upon treatment with cisplatin, dacarbazine, lomustine, camptothecin, paclitaxel, ABT-737, TW-37, and venetoclax. This effect was mediated by the inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the molecular mechanisms implicated in this role of ROR2. We identified the MDM2/p53 pathway as a novel target of ROR2 since ROR2 positively regulates MDM2 levels, thus leading to p53 downregulation. We also showed that ROR2 also upregulates Mcl-1 and Bcl2-xL while it negatively regulates Bax and Bid expression. The effect of ROR2 on the expression of these proteins is mediated by the hyperactivation of ERK.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that ROR2 contributes to melanoma progression by inhibiting apoptosis and increasing chemoresistance. These results not only position ROR2 as a marker of chemoresistance but also support its use as a novel therapeutic target in cancer.
A Facile Preparation of Multicolor Carbon Dots
Authors: Yu Risheng , Liang Sen , Ru Yi , Li Lu , Wang Zhikun , Chen Junlang , Chen Liang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have raised broad interest because of their great potential in the fluorescence related fields, such as photocatalysis and bioimaging. CDs exhibit different optical properties when dissolved in various solvents. However, the effects of solvents during the process of preparation on the fluorescence emission of CDs are still unclear. In this work, CDs were prepared by a simple one-pot solvothermal route. Typical critic acid and thiourea were used as precursors. Through changing the volume ratio of water to N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), we have obtained color tunable CDs, with the emission wavelength from 450 to 640 nm. TEM images, Raman and XPS spectra indicate that the particle size of CDs and the content of surface functional groups (C–N/C–S and C≡N bonds) increase with the increasing ratio of DMF to water, which results in the optimal emission wavelength red-shifted. The prepared multicolor CDs may have prospects in the lighting applications.
Graphical abstract
Co-expression network analyses of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in Ruellia (Wild Petunias; Acanthaceae)
Authors: Zhuang Yongbin , Manzitto-Tripp Erin A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Anthocyanins are major pigments contributing to flower coloration and as such knowledge of molecular architecture underlying the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway (ABP) is key to understanding flower color diversification. To identify ABP structural genes and associated regulatory networks, we sequenced 16 transcriptomes generated from 10 species of Ruellia and then conducted co-expression analyses among resulting data.

Results
Complete coding sequences for 12 candidate structural loci representing eight genes plus nine candidate regulatory loci were assembled. Analysis of non-synonymous/synonymous (dn/ds) mutation rates indicated all identified loci are under purifying selection, suggesting overall selection to prevent the accumulation of deleterious mutations. Additionally, upstream enzymes have lower rates of molecular evolution compared to downstream enzymes. However, site-specific tests of selection yielded evidence for positive selection at several sites, including four in F3'H2 and five in DFR3, and these sites are located in protein binding regions. A species-level phylogenetic tree constructed using a newly implemented hybrid transcriptome–RADseq approach implicates several flower color transitions among the 10 species. We found evidence of both regulatory and structural mutations to F3′5'H in helping to explain the evolution of red flowers from purple-flowered ancestors.

Conclusions
Sequence comparisons and co-expression analyses of ABP loci revealed that mutations in regulatory loci are likely to play a greater role in flower color transitions in Ruellia compared to mutations in underlying structural genes.
A DasA family sugar binding protein Ste2 links nutrient and oxidative stress to exopolysaccharides production in Streptomyces sp. 139
Authors: Geng Mengxin , Ai Limei , Ma Ming , Li Panpan , Guo Lianhong , Shan Guangzhi , Bai Liping 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Ebosin is an exopolysaccharide produced by Streptomyces sp. 139, and its biosynthetic gene cluster (ste) has been previously described. Ste234 has high homology to the well-known ATP-binding cassette transport system DasABC, which has been linked to the regulation of morphological differentiation, antibiotics biosynthesis and aminosugars utilization in Streptomycetes. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the DasA family sugar binding protein Ste2 on Streptomyces sp. 139.

Results
The disruption of ste2 results in the upregulation of transcription of genes within Ebosin biosynthetic gene cluster and a two-fold increase in Ebosin production. RNA sequencing data suggests that the disruption of ste2 results in the decreased utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources, increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, as well as differed strain morphology, all of which have been experimentally proven.

Conclusions
Taken together, Ste2 controls Ebosin yields, aminosugars uptake, sensitivity to oxidative stress, and morphological differentiation of Streptomyces sp. 139.