bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with nystagmus and an exploration of public assumptions about the condition: an electronic questionnaire study
Authors: Rennie Katherine , Alagendran Rajeeth , Lee Helena , Griffiths Helen ,   Nystagmus U. K. Eye Research Group (NUKE), Theodorou M , Lee H , Self J , Shawkat F , Carter P , Erichsen J , Dunn M , McIlreavy L , Thomas N , Ward K , Whittle J , Sanders J , Harris C , McLean R , Lawrence D , Ricketts S , Gliksohn A , Griffiths H , Thomas M , Kuht H , Kubavat H , Woodhouse M , Arblaster G , Self James 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Nystagmus is a disorder characterized by uncontrolled, rhythmic oscillations of the eyes. It often causes reduced visual function beyond reduced visual acuity alone. There is a paucity of literature regarding the public understanding of nystagmus, and there are no published data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with the condition. This study explores the self-reported impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on those with nystagmus, and examines both public understanding of how nystagmus affects people who have it and the perceptions of public understanding by those with the condition and their carers.

Methods
A qualitative questionnaire was designed following a stakeholder engagement process. This questionnaire was advertised via social media platforms and charity websites to achieve widespread recruitment. Data were collected between November and December 2020. Participants were divided into two groups based on their response to the question: “Do you, or anyone you know well, have nystagmus?”. Questions were posed to participants in a purpose-built, branching survey. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

Results
One thousand six hundred forty-five respondents were recruited, of which 849 (51.6%) answered “Yes” to the initial filtering question. Analysis showed that, broadly, public understanding of nystagmus differs from the perception of it by those with nystagmus and their carers, that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on those with nystagmus, and that respondents who have met someone with nystagmus, even briefly, tend to have a greater understanding of the impact of the condition.

Conclusion
This study highlights the lack of public awareness regarding nystagmus and suggests opportunities to increase the awareness of nystagmus without the need for extensive knowledge of the condition. The COVID-19 pandemic has posed additional difficulties for those living with nystagmus, which is likely to be comparable among those with similar ocular disorders.
North-African doctors as second victims of medical errors: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Ben Saida Imen , Grira Sabil , Toumi Radhouane , Ghodhbani Amani , Ennouri Emna , Meddeb Khaoula , Ben Saad Helmi , Boussarsar Mohamed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Physicians involved in medical errors (MEs) can experience loss of self-esteem and negative psychological experiences. They are called “second victims” of the ME.

Aims
To i) describe the profile, the types and the severity of MEs, and ii) explore the psychological impact on “second victims” to better understand how they cope.

Methods
It was a cross sectional retrospective study conducted from March to August 2018. All physicians working at Farhat Hached and Sahloul University hospitals were asked to complete a questionnaire about their possible MEs. The impact of MEs was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (scoring, 0–88) (subscales ranges; intrusion, (0–32); avoidance, (0–32); hyperarousal, (0–24)). The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was made when the total IES-R score exceeded 33. The coping strategies were evaluated using Ways of Coping Checklist Revised (WCC-R) scale (scoring, problem-focused, (10–40); emotion focused, (9–36); seeking social support, (8–32)).

Results
Among 393 responders, 268(68.2%) reported MEs. Wrong diagnosis (40.5%), faulty treatment (34.6%), preventive errors (13.5%) and faulty communication (6.4%) were the main frequent types of MEs. The most common related causes of MEs were inexperience (47.3%) and job overload (40.2%). The physicians’ median (range) score of the IES-R was 19(0–69). According to the IES-R score, the most frequent psychological impacts were median (range): intrusion, 7(0–28) and avoidance symptoms, 7(0–24). PTSD symptoms affected 23.5% of physicians. Female sex and serious MEs were identified as predictors of PTSD. On the WCC-R check list, coping was balanced between the three coping strategies median (range), problem focused, 28.5(10–40); emotion-focused, 24(9–36) and seeking social support 21(8–32).

Conclusion
There is a relatively high impact of ME within these North-African university hospital physicians. Coping was balanced within different three strategies as reported worldwide. Physicians adopted more likely constructive changes than defensive ones.
18F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT for the evaluation of periprosthetic joint infection and aseptic loosening in rabbit models
Authors: Wang Yiqun , Li Yu , Han Liang , Wang Jun , Zhang Cong , Qi Erpeng , Zhang Dongyun , Zhang Xiaojun , Huan Yong , Tian Jiahe 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We built a joint replacement loosening model based on the original rabbit model of infection and evaluated the performance characteristics of 18F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI in evaluating infection and loosening.

Methods
After surgery, the rabbits were divided into four groups, with six individuals in the control group and 10 each in the aseptic loosening, S. aureus and S. epidermidis groups. PET/CT and serological examination were performed three times at two-week intervals. After the rabbits were euthanized, micro-CT, tissue pathology, pullout tests and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed.

Results
The pullout test and SEM showed the feasibility of the aseptic loosening model. 18F-FDG showed similar performance in the control and loosening groups. The SUVmax of the S. aureus group was consistently higher than that of the S. epidermidis group. As for 68 Ga-FAPI, the SUVmax of the control group was lowest in the second week and gradually increased over subsequent weeks. The SUVmax of the loosening group began to exceed that of the control group after the second week. The SUVmax of the S. aureus group in the second week was the lowest among the four groups and increased as the number of weeks increased. The pathology results showed concordance with the performance of PET/CT. Linear regressions between SUVmax and serology showed that 18F-FDG was positively correlated with CRP and IL-6, while 68 Ga-FAPI revealed negative correlations with CRP and IL-6 in the second week and positive correlations in the sixth week. In addition, the SUVmax and MT(target)V of both 18F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI were negatively correlated with bone volume/trabecular volume (TV) and bone surface area/TV.

Conclusion
In this longitudinal observation, 68 Ga-FAPI showed greater sensitivity than 18F-FDG in detecting diseases, and 68 Ga-FAPI had no intestinal or muscular uptake. The MT(target)V of 68 Ga-FAPI was larger than that of 18F-FDG, which meant that 68 Ga-FAPI had the potential to define the scope of lesions more accurately. Finally, the SUVmax of 68 Ga-FAPI could not differentiate between loosening and infection; further study of the diagnostic criteria is warranted.
Simultaneous resection of coexisting pulmonary and mediastinal lesions by video-assisted thoracic surgery: a case-series study
Authors: Zhang Jiaheng , Gao Yi , Zou Wenbing , Ping Wei , Zhu Yunpeng , Fu Xiangning , Fu Shengling 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
With the growing number of patients with coexisting pulmonary and mediastinal lesions detected, reports about simultaneous video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for these concurrent diseases are still rare. To further explore the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous resection of pulmonary and mediastinal lesions by uniportal or biportal VATS, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of the largest series of cases to date.

Methods
From July 2018 to July 2021, all patients whose pulmonary lesions and mediastinal tumors were resected simultaneously in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Their demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed.

Results
A total of 54 patients were enrolled, of whom 44 underwent unilateral uniportal VATS, 3 underwent bilateral uniportal VATS and 7 underwent unilateral biportal VATS. Seven cases were converted to thoracotomy during surgery. For the remaining 47 patients with various demographic and clinical characteristics, most of the operations were completed within 3 h (n = 33, 70.2%) with blood loss of no more than 100 mL (n = 43, 91.5%). The duration of chest tube drainage was 5.66 ± 3.34 days, and the average daily volume was 196.90 ± 122.31 mL. Four cases of postoperative complications occurred during hospitalization. The length of postoperative hospital stay was 8.60 ± 3.63 days. No severe complications or deaths were observed during follow-up.

Conclusions
Uniportal and biportal VATS are safe and effective for simultaneous resection of selected coexisting pulmonary and mediastinal lesions, but the indications and operational details need more evaluation.
The impact of online teaching on stress and burnout of academics during the transition to remote teaching from home
Authors: Mosleh Sultan M. , Kasasbeha Mohammed Ali , Aljawarneh Yousef M. , Alrimawi Intima , Saifan Ahmad Rajeh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The higher education institutions worldwide have been transformed unexpectedly to online teaching. This sudden movement from blended learning or traditional face-to-face teaching has severely disrupted university activities and posed many challenges for teaching staff, who were asked to develop online versions of their courses overnight. This study explores the effect of the current changes in education style and working from home on the stress and burnout levels of teaching staff.

Methods
This study utilized a cross-sectional design, whereby 278 participants (faculty and course instructors) from 17 campuses of one of the largest colleges in United Arab Emirates completed a web-based survey. Numerous instruments were utilized to obtain the following data: participants demographics; their perceived stress during online teaching; their perception of the impact of teaching from home on their family’s daily life, physical health, mental health and ability to cope with stress; burnout level; and their satisfaction with online teaching.

Results
Around 60% of participants reported moderate stress level during online teaching (moderate stress = 5 to 8) under COVID-19 (M 6.21 ± 2.26). An independent sample t-test and ANOVA tests revealed that participants with 7–10 years of online teaching experience reported more stress than participants who have 4–6 years online teaching experience (M 7.29, ±1.11 Vs. 5.30, ±2.69; P = 0.04). Moreover, multiple regression analysis showed that higher stress levels and lower satisfaction with the online teaching experience were associated with more significant personal and working burnout. Married participants with school-age children were at greater risk of personal burnout.

Conclusion
The transition to remote education imposed mental burdens and stress on faculty members. Supportive professional development strategies to enrich faculty with online teaching skills are urgently required.
Blended supervision models for post-graduate rural generalist medical training in Australia: an interview study
Authors: Martin Priya , O’Sullivan Belinda , Taylor Carla , Wallace Glen 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Expanding rural training is a priority for growing the rural medical workforce, but this relies on building supervision capacity in small towns where workforce shortages are common. This study explored factors which support the use of blended supervision models (consisting of on- and offsite components) for postgraduate rural generalist medical training (broad scope of work) in small rural communities.

Methods
Data were collected between June and August 2021 through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with medical training stakeholders experienced in blended supervision models for rural generalist training. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis process.

Results
Fifteen participant interviews provided almost 13 h of audio-recorded data. Four themes were developed: governance, setting, the right supervisor and the right supervisee. Blended supervision models may be effective if selectively applied including where the model is well-planned, the setting has local team supports and supervisor and supervisee characteristics are appropriate.

Conclusions
Understanding factors involved in the application of blended supervision models can help with expanding rural generalist training places in distributed communities. Blended supervision models can be effective for rural generalist training if the model is planned, and the context is suitable.
Three-dimensional visualisation of authentic cases in anatomy learning – An educational design study
Authors: Silén Charlotte , Karlgren Klas , Hjelmqvist Hans , Meister Björn , Zeberg Hugo , Pettersson Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Many studies have investigated the value of three-dimensional (3D) images in learning anatomy. However, there is a lack of knowledge about students learning processes using technology and 3D images. To understand how to facilitate and support the learning of anatomy, there is a need to know more about the student perspectives on how they can use and benefit from 3D images.

Methods
This study used designed educational sessions informed by Educational Design Research to investigate the role of technology-enhanced 3D images in students’ anatomy learning. Twenty-four students representing different health professions and multiple study levels, and one tutor, participated in the study. A visualisation table was used to display the images of real patient cases related to disorders associated with the abdomen and the brain. Students were asked to explore the images on their own and audio/video capture was used to record their words and actions. Directly following the session, students were interviewed about their perceptions and different ways of learning and studying anatomy. The tutor was interviewed about his reflections on the session and his role as a facilitator on two occasions. Content analysis was used in its manifest and latent form in the data analysis.

Result
Two main categories describing the students’ and tutor’s accounts of learning using the visualisation table were identified: 1. Interpreting 3D images and 2. Educational sessions using visualisation tables. Each category had signifying themes representing interpretations of the latent meaning of the students' and tutor's accounts. These were: Realism and complexity; Processes of discernment; References to previous knowledge; Exploring on one's own is valuable; Context enhances learning experiences; Combinations of learning resources are needed and Working together affects the dynamics.

Conclusions
This study identifies several important factors to be considered when designing effective and rewarding educational sessions using a visualization table and 3D images in anatomy education. Visualisation of authentic images has the potential to create interest and meaningfulness in studying anatomy. Students need time to actively explore images but also get tutor guidance to understand. Also, a combination of different resources comprises a more helpful whole than a single learning resource.
Validation of an instrument for the evaluation of exchange transfusion (INEXTUS) via an OSCE
Authors: Calderón María José Maldonado , Pérez Sergio Iván Agudelo , Becerra Natalia , Suarez Juan David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Exchange transfusion is the treatment of choice for patients with severe hyperbilirubinemia who do not respond to phototherapy. This procedure is highly complex and requires substantial expertise to perform, however it´s not done frequently enough to guarantee adequate training. Traditional learning scenarios do not have a space reserved for teaching this procedure or an instrument that fully and objectively evaluates the skills that a professional must acquire.

Objectives
The purpose was to construct and evaluate the INEXTUS instrument´s validity evidence relevant to internal structure, in a simulated scenario through the performance of an objective structured clinical exam (OSCE).

Materials and methods
The Delphi consensus methodology was utilized to design the instrument; six experts participated through three rounds using the Google Forms platform. The categories and items previously obtained were subjected to validation by nine experts through a dichotomous survey. Prior to data collection, the evaluators were trained through a pilot test with 10 medical students. Subsequently, all residents of a paediatric programme were evaluated through the OSCE methodology in a simulated scenario, with 6 stations, of a clinical case of a new-born with an explicit need for exchange transfusion. During their participation in the scenario, the residents were first evaluated with the instrument developed. Additionally, audio and video filming of all students who participated was performed with the aim of conducting a second evaluation two weeks after the first four evaluators participated.

Results
The final INEXTUS instrument consists of 46 subitems grouped into 23 items divided into 6 categories, demonstrating an inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96 (95% CI 0.94, 0.98 p-value < 0.001). For the Fleiss Kappa of the 23 items evaluated, concordance was evaluated for 14 items but could not be determined for the 9 remaining items because all the ratings were equal, either because the items were not performed or they were all performed adequately. Of the 14 items, 9 good scores were obtained (95% CI 0.61 to 0.8; p value < 0.001), and 5 very good scores were obtained (95% CI 0.81 to 1; p value < 0.001).

Conclusions
The INEXTUS instrument evaluates exchange transfusion skills in medical personnel in training in simulated scenarios using the OSCE methodology; it has high validity and reliability and is a high-impact educational tool.
COVID-19 and telehealth in the intensive care unit setting: a survey
Authors: Nelson Sarah E. , Steuernagle Jon , Rotello Leo , Nyquist Paul , Suarez Jose I. , Ziai Wendy 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to changes in how healthcare is delivered. Here, through the administration of surveys, we evaluated telehealth use and views in US intensive care units (ICUs) during the pandemic.

Methods
From June 2020 to July 2021, voluntary, electronic surveys were provided to ICU leaders of Johns Hopkins Medical Institution (JHMI) hospitals, members of the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) who practice in the US, and Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) members practicing adult medicine.

Results
Response rates to our survey were as follows: 18 of 22 (81.8%) JHMI-based ICU leaders, 22 of 2218 (1.0%) NCS members practicing in the US, and 136 of 13,047 (1.0%) SCCM members. COVID-19 patients were among those cared for in the ICUs of 77.7, 86.4, and 93.4% of respondents, respectively, in April 2020 (defined as the peak of the pandemic). Telehealth technologies were used by 88.9, 77.3, and 75.6% of respondents, respectively, following the start of COVID-19 while only 22.2, 31.8, and 43.7% utilized them prior. The most common telehealth technologies were virtual meeting software and telephone (with no video component). Provider, nurse, and patient communications with the patient’s family constituted the most frequent types of interactions utilizing telehealth. Most common reasons for telehealth use included providing an update on a patient’s condition and conducting a goals of care discussion. 93.8–100.0% of respondents found telehealth technologies valuable in managing patients. Technical issues were noted by 66.7, 50.0, and 63.4% of respondents, respectively.

Conclusions
Telehealth use increased greatly among respondents following the start of COVID-19. In US ICUs, telehealth technologies found diverse uses during the pandemic. Future studies are needed to confirm our findings.
A Japanese case of castration-resistant prostate cancer with BRCA2 and RB1 co-loss and TP53 mutation: a case report
Authors: Iwasawa Tomohiro , Kosaka Takeo , Morita Shinya , Mikami Shuji , Nakamura Kohei , Hongo Hiroshi , Nishihara Hiroshi , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Abnormalities in homologous recombination contribute to the aggressive nature of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Retinoblastoma transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) exist close to each other in the same chromosome, and the significance of their concurrent loss has become a hot topic in the field of cancer research.

Case presentation
A 61-year-old man presented with a chief complaint of a mass on his head and was diagnosed as multiple bone metastases from prostate cancer. He was treated with standard medication, but he died 2 years 6 months after being diagnosed with prostate cancer. Simultaneous biallelic loss of RB1 and BRCA2 as well as a truncating mutation of tumor protein p53 (TP53) were revealed by genomic analysis.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first report of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with BRCA2 and RB1 co-loss and TP53 mutation. To establish a treatment strategy for highly malignant cases with such multiple genetic features is important.
Comparison of anti-cancer effects of novel protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) inhibitors in breast cancer cells characterized by high and low PDIA17 expression
Authors: Kurpińska Anna , Suraj-Prażmowska Joanna , Stojak Marta , Jarosz Joanna , Mateuszuk Łukasz , Niedzielska-Andres Ewa , Smolik Magdalena , Wietrzyk Joanna , Kalvins Ivars , Walczak Maria , Chłopicki Stefan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Protein disulphide isomerases (PDIs) play an important role in cancer progression. However, the relative contribution of the various isoforms of PDI in tumorigenesis is not clear.

Methods
The content of PDI isoforms in 22 cancer cells lines was investigated using LC–MS/MS-based proteomic analysis. The effects of PDIA1, PDIA3 and PDIA17 inhibition on the proliferation, migration and adhesion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, identified as high and low PDIA17 expressing cells, respectively, were assessed using novel aromatic N-sulphonamides of aziridine-2-carboxylic acid derivatives as PDI inhibitors.

Results
PDIA1 and PDIA3 were the most abundant in cancer cell lysates and were also detected extracellularly in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). Some cancer cell lines (e.g., MCF-7, HT-29) showed upregulated expression of PDIA17, whereas in others (e.g., MDA-MB-231, 67NR), PDIA17 was not detected. The simultaneous inhibition of PDIA1 and PDIA3 showed similar anti-proliferative effects in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. However, the inhibition of PDIA1 and PDIA17 in the MCF-7 cell line resulted in more effective anti-adhesive and anti-proliferative effects.

Conclusions
PDIA1 and PDIA3 represent major isoforms of multiple cancer cells, and their non-selective inhibition displays significant anti-proliferative effects irrespective of whether or not PDIA17 is present. The more pronounced anti-adhesive effects of PDI inhibition in hormone-sensitive MCF-7 cells featured by higher levels of PDIs when compared to triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells suggests that targeting extracellular PDIA1 and PDIA3 with or without additional PDIA17 inhibition may represent a strategy for personalized anti-adhesive, anti-metastatic therapy in cancers with high PDI expression.