bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phage therapy potentiates second-line antibiotic treatment against pneumonic plague
Authors: Vagima Yaron , Gur David , Aftalion Moshe , Moses Sarit , Levy Yinon , Makovitzki Arik , Holtzman Tzvi , Oren Ziv , Segula Yaniv , Fatelevich Ella , Tidhar Avital , Zauberman Ayelet , Rotem Shahar , Mamroud Emanuelle , Steinberger-Levy Ida 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlague pandemics and outbreaks have killed millions of people during the history of humankind. The disease, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria, can currently be treated efficiently with antibiotics. However, in the case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, alternative treatments are required. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has shown efficient antibacterial activity in various experimental animal models and in human patients infected with different MDR pathogens. Herein, we evaluated the efficiency of ϕA1122 and PST phage therapy, alone or in combination with second-line antibiotics, using a well-established mouse model of pneumonic plague. Phage treatment significantly delayed mortality and limited bacterial proliferation in the lungs. However, the treatment did not prevent bacteremia, suggesting that phage efficiency may decrease in circulation. Indeed, in vitro phage proliferation assays indicated that blood has inhibitory effects on lytic activity, which may be the major cause of treatment inefficiency.Combining phage therapy and second-line ceftriaxone treatment, which are individually insufficient, provided protection that led to survival of all infected animals, presenting a synergistic protective effect that represents a proof of concept for efficient combinatorial therapy in an emergency event of a plague outbreak involving MDR Y. pestis strains.Author summaryPlague, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria, can be efficiently treated with antibiotics. However, alternative therapies for the case of natively evolved or maliciously generated antibiotic-resistant Y. pestis must be developed. Due to the global increase in antibiotic resistance, there is renewed interest in examining the effectiveness of bacteriophage-based alternative therapies. Here, using a mouse model of pneumonic plague, we demonstrate that phage treatment significantly delayed mortality. By monitoring bioluminescence of engineered Y. pestis strain and live bacterial counts, we show that phage therapy effectively inhibited bacterial proliferation in the lung but not in blood. In vitro analyses showed decreased phage activity in the presence of blood, which probably explains the low efficacy of phage treatment alone. Because combination therapies will be used in an emergency situation, we tested the efficacy of Y. pestis-lysing phages as adjunctive therapy with a second-line antibiotic, ceftriaxone.Whereas each individual treatment was insufficient, the combination provided effective protection and rescued all infected animals. These results clearly demonstrated the synergistic effect of combined phage and antibiotic therapy and represent a proof of concept for this alternative therapy against multidrug-resistant Y. pestis strains.
Control of neocortical memory by long-range inhibition in layer 1
Authors: Schroeder Anna , Pardi M. Belén , Keijser Joram , Dalmay Tamas , Schuman Erin M. , Sprekeler Henning , Letzkus Johannes J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMounting evidence identifies layer 1 (L1) as a central site of memory in sensory neocortex. While this work revealed plasticity in several excitatory brain-wide afferent systems, the existence, connectivity and memory-related signaling of long-range inhibitory input to L1 remains elusive. We report that inhibitory afferents from zona incerta project specifically to auditory cortex L1, where they connect selectively to interneurons to disinhibit the cortical circuit and facilitate behavioral memory. Chronic calcium imaging of these synapses identifies a balanced form of plasticity that develops rapidly during threat learning and is characterized by the de novo appearance of negative stimulus responses which transmit most information. Our results therefore pinpoint malleability of long-range (dis)inhibitory afferents to L1 as a key factor for the exquisite computational flexibility of this unique layer.
Genome-wide identification of fitness determinants in theXanthomonas campestrisbacterial pathogen during early stages of plant infection
Authors: Luneau Julien S. , Baudin Maël , Quiroz-Monnens Thomas , Carrère Sébastien , Bouchez Olivier , Jardinaud Marie-Françoise , Gris Carine , François Jonas , Ray Jayashree , Torralba Babil , Arlat Matthieu , Lewis Jennifer D. , Deutschbauer Adam M. , Lauber Emmanuelle , Noël Laurent D. , Boulanger Alice 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPlant diseases are an important threat to food production. While major pathogenicity determinants required for disease have been extensively studied, less is known on how pathogens thrive during host colonization especially at early infection stages. Here, we used randomly barcoded-transposon insertion site sequencing (RB-TnSeq) to perform a genome-wide screen and identify key bacterial fitness determinants of the vascular pathogenXanthomonas campestrispv.campestris(Xcc) during infection of the cauliflower host plant (Brassica oleracea). This high-throughput analysis was conducted in hydathodes, the natural entry site ofXcc, in xylem sap and in synthetic media.Xccdid not face a strong bottleneck during hydathode infection. 183 genes important for fitness were identified in plant-associated environments with functional enrichment in genes involved in metabolism when only few genes known to be involved in virulence were found to be affected. The biological relevance of 13 genes was independently confirmed by phenotyping single mutants. Notably, we show that the XC_3388, a protein with no known function (DUF1631), plays a key role in the adaptation and virulence ofXccpossibly through c-di-GMP-mediated regulation. This study thus revealed yet unsuspected social behaviors adopted byXccindividuals when confined inside hydathodes at early infection stages.
Addiction recovery stories: John Nelson in conversation with Lisa Ogilvie
Authors: Nelson John , Ogilvie Lisa 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the transition from addiction to recovery. It is the third in a series of recovery stories that examine candid accounts of addiction and recovery. Shared components of recovery are considered, along with the change and growth needed to support the transition.

Design/methodology/approach
The connectedness, hope, identity, meaning in life and empowerment (CHIME) framework comprises five elements important to recovery (connectedness, hope, identity, meaning in life and empowerment). It provides a standard to qualitatively study mental health recovery, having also been applied to addiction recovery. In this paper, an element for growth is included in the model (G-CHIME), to consider both recovery and sustained recovery. A first-hand account of addiction recovery is presented, followed by a semi-structured e-interview with the author of the account. This is structured on the G-CHIME model.

Findings
This paper shows that addiction recovery is a remarkable process that can be effectually explained using the G-CHIME model. The significance of each element in the model is apparent from the biography and e-interview presented.

Originality/value
Each account of recovery in this series is unique, and as yet, untold.
Customers’ purchasing intentions for enhanced cleaning services in hotels during COVID-19: establishing price strategies
Authors: Lu Lan , Zhao Jinlin 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to contribute to the literature investigating hotel customers’ preventive behavior during the COVID-19. Because there is no timely research discussing cleaning and disinfection services as a premium service in China, the authors conducted research to examine customers’ perceptions based on the information–motivation–behavioral skills (IMB) model and to explore potential marketing exits. Moreover, based on the price-sensitive measurement, this study reveals the price range and optimal price of the service, which could assess the feasibility of the service and balance the operation cost.Design/methodology/approachAn internet-based, self-reported survey was designed to collect the data during the outbreak of COVID-19 in April 2020. The yield was 874 usable and valid responses, which were purposefully analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results indicate a significant influence of dimensions (information, motivation, health behavior skills) on hotel customers’ preventive behavior regarding purchase intention of cleaning and disinfection service. The optimal price of this service is 20% of the average room rate, and the range of acceptable prices is 15% of the average room rate.Originality/valueThe present study represents academic attempts to contribute to the literature by applying the IMB model to consumer behavior in a hotel industry context, emphasizing the importance of each dimension in behavioral intention during the current ongoing global issue. Additionally, the results indicate that the hotel industry could consider satisfying the needs of this market based on the suggested price.
Never married individuals and homeownership in urban China
Authors: Lei Shan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Drawing on the literature regarding gender, marital status and homeownership, this paper aims to examine the role of gender and marital status played in homeownership in urban China. This paper also attempted to shed light on other determinants of homeownership as well as heterogeneity in the factors related to homeownership between never married women and never married men.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses data from the 2010 to 2015 China General Social Survey to investigate factors related to homeownership among urban Chinese households and focuses on the role of gender and marital status in particular. Multivariate analyses were applied to the full sample, never married sample, never married women sample and never married men sample respectively.

Findings
Findings from this study on the full sample showed that never married individuals were less likely to be the homeowners compared to the married couples. The probability of homeownership of never married women was lower compared to the never married men cohort. Different personal characteristics contributed to homeownership between never married women and never married men cohort.

Research limitations/implications
The empirical model in this study did not provide direct evidence that never married individuals were more likely to be homeowners as reflected in the recent mass media news. Further study could conduct a survey designed specifically for this group.

Originality/value
This study adds to current literature with further understanding of factors related to homeownership among Chinese households in general as well as in never married women and never married men subsamples.
The urgency of legal protection for medical workers in combating COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus Sunny Ummul 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
This paper explores the reasons why Indonesia must have legal regulations to provide protection and guarantees for health workers in carrying out the profession in overcoming corona virus disease (COVID-19). This paper also explains the legal regulations as the foundation for today’s medical workers’ protection. This paper also aims at providing an ideal legal construction that safeguards the rights and obligations of health workers in overcoming COVID-19.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the author used qualitative research methods with a socio-legal approach. The data were obtained through literature study and analysis of laws and regulations through the socio-legal method.

Findings
Various challenges and professional risks taken by health workers in dealing with COVID-19 derive from several factors, such as shortage of personal protective equipment, ineffective implementation of informed consent from the patients and the negative stigma spreading in the community. Moreover, the current legal regulation has not particularly modulated the protection of health workers, relying only on available articles that are actually irrelevant to be applied in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research limitations/implications
This research is focused on problems faced by health workers in combating COVID-19 and law concessions to ensure their protection.

Practical implications
The final results of this research will be useful for The House of Representatives (DPR), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenkes RI) and the Indonesian Medical Association (IDI) in establishing legal and regulatory construction for the protection of health workers in tackling COVID-19.

Social implications
This research aims at strengthening legal protections for the health workers so that their rights and obligations are well guaranteed.

Originality/value
This paper proposes an ideal legal construction for the protection of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is currently still not specifically and rigidly regulated, to realize a guaranteed and sustainable life for health workers.
The antecedents of leader-member-exchange (LMX) relationships in African context: the influence of the supervisor’s feedback delivery-tactic
Authors: Alo Obinna , Arslan Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

PurposeThe current paper aims to analyse the antecedents of leader–member exchange relationships (LMX) by specifically focusing on the influence of the supervisor’s feedback delivery tactic.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses qualitative research methods with primary interviews as the main data source. Primary interviews with 40 managers from top supermarkets in Nigeria, South Africa and the UK were undertaken.FindingsThe authors found that both high-quality positive feedback and constructive criticisms produced the same feelings – more positive interpersonal relationships with their supervisors, higher levels of commitment to their organisations, higher job satisfaction and thus, high-quality LMX relationships. Where criticisms were delivered without greater interpersonal treatment, feedback was perceived as negative, and participants revealed lack of job satisfaction, lack of commitment to their organisations, poor interpersonal relationship with their supervisors, high turnover intent and thus low-quality LMX relationship.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current paper is one of the first studies to highlight the consequences of different feedback delivery tactics on subsequent LMX quality particularly in African context. The authors specifically develop a process-based model of enhancing high-quality LMX, which shows the role of the supervisor’s feedback delivery tactic in the process. The authors also develop a process-based model that illustrates how negative/unconstructive feedback could result in a low-quality LMX. Finally, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is also one of the first to offer a comparative assessment between African and British (the UK) empirical settings and highlight some interesting dynamics concerning LMX quality and role of supervisor’s feedback delivery tactic.
“Harmful to the commonality”: the Luddites, the distributional effects of systems change and the challenge of building a just society
Authors: McGowan Katharine , Geobey Sean 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
When complex social-ecological systems collapse and transform, the possible outcomes of this transformation are not set in stone. This paper aims to explore the role of social imagination in determining possible futures for a reformed system. The authors use a historical study of the Luddite response to the Industrial Revolution centred in the UK in the early-19th century to explore the concepts of path dependency, agency and the distributional impacts of systems change.

Design/methodology/approach
In this historical study, the authors used the Luddites’ own words and those of their supporters, captured in archival sources (n = 43 unique Luddite statements), to develop hypotheses around the effects on political, social and judicial consequences of a significant systems transformation. The authors then scaffolded these statements using the heuristics of panarchy and basins of attraction to conceptualize this contentious moment of British history.

Findings
Rather than a strict cautionary tale, the Luddites’ story illustrates the importance of environmental fit and selection pressures as the skilled workers sought to push the English system to a different basin of attraction. It warns us about the difficulty of a just transition in contentious economic and political conditions.

Social implications
The Luddites’ story is a cautionary tale for those interested in a just transition, or bottom-up systems transformation generally as the deep basins of attraction that prefer either the status quo or alternate, elite-favouring arrangements can be challenging to shift independent of shocks. While backward looking, the authors intend these discussions to contribute to current debates on the role(s) of social innovation in social and economic policy within increasingly charged or polarized political contexts.

Originality/value
Social innovation itself is often predicated on the need for just transitions of complex adaptive systems (Westley et al., 2013), and the Luddite movement offers us the opportunity to study the distribution effects of a transformative systems change – the Industrial Revolution – and explore two fundamental questions that underpin much social innovation scholarship: how do we build a just future in the face of complexity and what are likely forms those conversations could take, based on historical examples?
Prognostic risk factors in patients with refractory heart failure treated with continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration
Authors: Mao Zhengzhi , Zhong Yanyan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionInvestigation of the prognostic factors in patients with refractory heart failure (HF) undergoing continuous veno‐venous hemofiltration (CVVH).MethodsClinical data of 146 patients with refractory HF between May 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into survival and death groups according to the prognosis. Vital signs, inflammatory markers, and renal function parameters were compared before and after treatment.ResultsCentral venous pressure levels were lower, whereas serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide, oxygen saturation, and cardiac output were higher after treatment (p < 0.05). Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, serum levels of C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐8, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and 24‐h urinary protein were lower after treatment (p < 0.05).ConclusionCVVH improved renal function and regulated blood pressure and vital signs in patients with refractory HF. Age, APACHE II score, disease duration, and hypotension were risk factors affecting the prognosis.
An optimisation approach for designing wildlife corridors with ecological and spatial considerations
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Qin Peng , Önal Hayri 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The fragmentation of wildlife habitats caused by anthropogenic activities has reduced biodiversity and impaired key ecosystem functions. Wildlife corridors play an important role in linking detached habitats. The optimal design of such corridors considering spatial, ecological and economic factors is addressed in this paper.

We present a novel graph‐theoretic optimisation approach and a mixed‐integer linear programming model to determine an optimal wildlife corridor connecting two given habitat patches. The model maximises the total quality of the corridor and satisfies pre‐specified corridor width and length requirements under a resource constraint.

Compared to the corridor design models presented in the literature, our model is conceptually simpler, and it is computationally convenient. We applied the model to a real dataset for Eldorado National Forest in California, USA, involving 1,363 irregular land parcels.

The model can be extended to design multiple corridors that connect two or more existing habitat patches.
Translaryngeal ultrasound in thyroid surgery: state of the art review
Authors: Phung Daniel , Fradet Laurent , Riffat Faruque , Novakovic Daniel , Elliott Michael Sowden , Nguyen Kevin , Makeham John , Palme Carsten Erich 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical voice assessment prior to thyroid and parathyroid surgery is essential, but the paradigm of indirect laryngoscopy (IDL), when indicated, has been challenged by the risk of aerosolised SARS‐Cov‐2 during endoscopy of the aerodigestive tract. Translaryngeal ultrasound (TLUS) to assess the vocal cords has been proposed as a safe, non‐invasive and sensitive alternative. The aim of this review was to verify TLUS as a viable tool for perioperative laryngeal assessment.MethodA literature review was performed using Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus with the following search strategy: (vocal cord OR vocal fold OR glottic OR glottis OR vocal ligaments OR rima glottidis) AND (ultras* OR sonograph* OR echography OR echotomography).ResultsFifteen studies were included in this review. All studies compared TLUS to IDL in visualizing the vocal cords in adults. Ten studies compared pre‐operative TLUS to IDL where 50.6–100% of vocal cords were successfully visualized. Nine studies compared post‐operative TLUS to IDL and reported visualization between 39.6% and 100%. Pre‐ and post‐operative negative predictive values ranged from 60% to 100%.ConclusionWhilst promising, successful visualization of the cords is limited by inter‐user variability, older age and male gender. Thus, we see the role of TLUS as an alternative to IDL in the post‐operative setting in the young patient following uncomplicated surgery with a normal voice on clinical examination, to confirm recurrent laryngeal nerve integrity while minimizing the risk of aerosolization.
Is the COVID‐19 pandemic accelerating the platformisation of the urban economy?
Authors: Ferreira Daniela , Carmo Renato Miguel , Vale Mário 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper shows that, while the pandemic lockdown decelerated everyday life, it has also potentiated further acceleration of the platformisation of urban economic sectors. We show this through an empirical qualitative study of the restaurant sector in Lisbon, in which we found that: (i) the digitalisation of three management tasks during the COVID‐19 lockdown – namely marketing, customer relationship management, and delivery tasks – was the trigger for the acceleration of the platformisation of the restaurant sector in Lisbon and (ii) restaurant firms had different departure points in terms of the use of digital technologies – which are linked to their location within the city – and these led to different rhythms in the platformisation of restaurants. We conclude that, as the lockdown measures led to a deceleration of social and economic activities, they also promoted further acceleration of economic change, especially under the logic of the platform economy. Additionally, we show that firms unable to engage with digital platforms have been trying to mimic online dynamics through the implementation of non‐platformised digital processes, which leads us to consider that the effects of the process of platformisation extend beyond the platform itself.