bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Derivative interactions during inflation: a systematic approach
Authors: Abolhasani Aliakbar , Goodhew Harry 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present a systematic prescription for calculating cosmological correlation functions for models with derivative interactions through the wavefunction of the universe and compare this result with the “in-in” formalism — canonical approach. The key step in this procedure is to perform the path integral over conjugate momenta after which a straightforward generalisation of Feynman's Rules can be applied. We show that this integral recovers the classical action plus some additional divergent contributions which are necessary to cancel other divergences that arise due to loop diagrams involving time derivatives. As a side project, for the first time, we introduce the “off-shell” version of the in-in formalism that is sometimes more straightforward, especially for the models with derivative coupling. To examine our prescription, as a specific example, we work out the trispectra of the scalar fluctuation in the model with the λϕ'
3 derivative coupling.
Game theory and its application in food security: research of the greenhouse facilities of the republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Durmanov Akmal , Tulaboev Azamjon , Allayarov Shamsiddin , Sarsenbaev Bakhitzhan , Tohir Irmatov , Bazarova Fayoza 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Game theory has recently increased significantly in its role in various fields of science and areas of the country's life. It is applicable today in the economy of any country for the adoption of general economic tasks, the study of strategic problems, systems for stimulating the development of industries, the development of organizational structures. The application of game theory is considered an important aspect in the implementation of the tasks set at the state level. The Republic of Uzbekistan is considered one of the countries that have recently been trying to reach a significant stage of development, which has a fruitful effect on agriculture and greenhouse economy, their general improvement. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of using game theory in the field of greenhouse facilities in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This goal will be achieved through the analysis of the main modern scientific works, the study of analytical data and statistical indicators of the industry. The greenhouse economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan today is at a stage when significant changes are needed, the use of the most modern technologies both in the field of economic services for the industry, and fruitful interaction of individual parties. One of the most priority technologies for the development of individual areas of the greenhouse industry today is the so-called "game theory". Game theory is a prerequisite for the formation of separate and relevant directions for the development of the country's greenhouse economy, it establishes the rules for implementing the interaction of the parties-players in the process of creating strategies, functions of specific structures.
Yield and quality of hulles barley when using foliar fertilizing with macro- and micro-fertilizers in the steppe zone
Authors: Bobrenko I A , Kormin V P , Goman N V , Boldysheva E P , Popova V I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The studies found that doses of nitrogen fertilizers and zinc and copper chelates positively affected the yield of hulles barley grain with foliar fertilizing on ordinary chernozem of the steppe zone of the Omsk region. With a yield of 1.34 t/ha in the control variant, the application of macro- and micro-fertilizers contributed to the formation of 1.40-1.56 t/ha of grain. Nitrogen fertilizing without micronutrients is effective and has led to a significant increase in yield (0.09 - 0.15), as well as the use of micronutrients against nitrogen: 0.09 together with 15 kg of nitrogen and 0.11 together with 30 kg of nitrogen. The increase in yield from the application of zinc and copper separately was also noted, but less significant: 0.04 - 0.07 t/ha. The highest yield was formed when using N30Zn20Cu20. The improvement of plant nutrition conditions with the help of fertilizers mainly has a positive effect on the protein content in grain and nature. It was revealed that the sum of amino acids in the protein increases from 8.39% without fertilizing to a maximum of 10.59 (variants with foliar fertilizing in the tillering phase N15Zn20 and N30Zn20Cu20).
Development of a new technological scheme for water purification from iron
Authors: Smirnov Vladislav , Volkhonov Mikhail , Kukhar Viktor 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Drinking water is the most valuable resource for human life and for the existence of all life on Earth. Scientists predict that about half of the world's population will experience water shortages by 2030. Purification of fresh water from contamination to the required quality standards is one of the most demanded engineering tasks. Taking into account the prevailing hydrogeological conditions, the removal of dissolved iron from the water of underground horizons is more in demand. Iron removal technology includes the use of oxidizing agents: oxygen, chlorine, potassium permanganate and ozone. It is ozone, due to its high oxidizing potential - 2.07 V, that has become worldwide in industrial water treatment systems, where it is generated using a corona discharge. But in water purification systems of low productivity, up to 1000 l / h, ozone is practically not used, due to the high cost of such generators. The Sterlight S8Q-OZ lamp was proposed as an alternative for ozone generation. According to the manufacturer's data, the lamp can produce ozone in a concentration of 1.59 to 2.82 mg / l when an air flow of 141.5 to 28.3 liters per hour passes through it. A new technological scheme was developed for deferrization of water in a stream using ozone generated by an ultraviolet lamp or a block of lamps. The installation contains an injector, an improved mixing chamber with a bottom inlet of the ozone-air mixture with Pall rings, a sand-gravel filter, an ultraviolet sterilizer lamp. The design feature was that small doses of ozone produced from the air under the influence of ultraviolet radiation with a length of 185 nm oxidized the iron dissolved in water. As a result of the tests carried out, the iron content in the source water was reduced from 2.58 mg / l to 0.02 mg / l, which is 10.0 times lower than the maximum permissible values of the EU sanitary requirements and 15.0 times lower than the maximum permissible values of sanitary requirements of the Russian Federation and the USA. It has also been noted that iron oxidation is significantly improved in the presence of 10% STIROX catalyst based on total backfill.
Efficiency of complex agro-reclamation on irrigated lands
Authors: Tagaev A M , Akshalov K A , Makhmadzjanov S P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In recent years, due to the irrational use of land and the irregular implementation of agro-reclamation measures, there has been a rise in the level of mineralized groundwater and secondary salinization of soils, which has affected the decline in the seed-cotton yield. The area of nonsaline soils in this region is decreasing from year to year, and there is also a shortage of water resources. Irrigated lands are mostly plowed to a depth of only 30 cm. Such shallow basic tillage for such a long time contributed to the formation of a rigid "plow pan" in the arable layer and an increase in soil bulk weight and salinization, which negatively affected the yield of agricultural crops, including cotton. Currently, in serozems (grey earth), the basic tillage is carried out to a depth of 30 cm. Shallow soil plowing for many years affects the density formation in the soil layer, that is, an increase in the bulk weight of the soil and its salinization, which negatively affects the yield of cotton plantations. This complex of negative factors leads to a decrease in the fertility of serozems and soil erosion. Scientists of the Agricultural Experiment Station for Cotton and Melon Growing, in conditions of progressive dehumification and to prevent soil salinity, as well as to increase their soil fertility and cotton yield on irrigated gray-earth soils, scientific research was conducted based on the use of complex intensive agro-reclamation measures.
Particle-based fast jet simulation at the LHC with variational autoencoders
Authors: Touranakou Mary , Chernyavskaya Nadezda , Duarte Javier , Gunopulos Dimitrios , Kansal Raghav , Orzari Breno , Pierini Maurizio , Tomei Thiago , Vlimant Jean-Roch 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We study how to use deep variational autoencoders (VAEs) for a fast simulation of jets of particles at the Large Hadron Collider. We represent jets as a list of constituents, characterized by their momenta. Starting from a simulation of the jet before detector effects, we train a deep VAE to return the corresponding list of constituents after detection. Doing so, we bypass both the time-consuming detector simulation and the collision reconstruction steps of a traditional processing chain, speeding up significantly the events generation workflow. Through model optimization and hyperparameter tuning, we achieve state-of-the-art precision on the jet four-momentum, while providing an accurate description of the constituents momenta, and an inference time comparable to that of a rule-based fast simulation.
Projective free algebras of bounded holomorphic functions on infinitely connected domains
Authors: Brudnyi A. 
Published: June 2022

The algebra

H
∞

(
D
)

H^\infty (D)

of bounded holomorphic functions on

D
⊂

C

D\subset \mathbb {C}

is projective free for a wide class of infinitely connected domains. In particular, for such

D
D

every rectangular left-invertible matrix with entries in

H
∞

(
D
)

H^\infty (D)

can be extended in this class of matrices to an invertible square matrix. This follows from a new result on the structure of the maximal ideal space of

H
∞

(
D
)

H^\infty (D)

asserting that its covering dimension is

2
2

and the second Čech cohomology group is trivial.
Transfer learning in proteins: evaluating novel protein learned representations for bioinformatics tasks
Authors: Fenoy Emilio , Edera Alejando A , Stegmayer Georgina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA representation method is an algorithm that calculates numerical feature vectors for samples in a dataset. Such vectors, also known as embeddings, define a relatively low-dimensional space able to efficiently encode high-dimensional data. Very recently, many types of learned data representations based on machine learning have appeared and are being applied to several tasks in bioinformatics. In particular, protein representation learning methods integrate different types of protein information (sequence, domains, etc.), in supervised or unsupervised learning approaches, and provide embeddings of protein sequences that can be used for downstream tasks. One task that is of special interest is the automatic function prediction of the huge number of novel proteins that are being discovered nowadays and are still totally uncharacterized. However, despite its importance, up to date there is not a fair benchmark study of the predictive performance of existing proposals on the same large set of proteins and for very concrete and common bioinformatics tasks. Therefore, this lack of benchmark studies prevent the community from using adequate predictive methods for accelerating the functional characterization of proteins. In this study, we performed a detailed comparison of protein sequence representation learning methods, explaining each approach and comparing them with an experimental benchmark on several bioinformatics tasks: (i) determining protein sequence similarity in the embedding space; (ii) inferring protein domains and (iii) predicting ontology-based protein functions. We examine the advantages and disadvantages of each representation approach over the benchmark results. We hope the results and the discussion of this study can help the community to select the most adequate machine learning-based technique for protein representation according to the bioinformatics task at hand.
A transcriptome atlas and interactive analysis platform for autoimmune disease
Authors: Shen Zhuoqiao , Fang Minghao , Sun Wujianan , Tang Meifang , Liu Nianping , Zhu Lin , Liu Qian , Li Bin , Sun Ruoming , Shi Yu , Guo Chuang , Lin Jun , Qu Kun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of next-generation sequencing technology, many laboratories have produced a large amount of single-cell transcriptome data of blood and tissue samples from patients with autoimmune diseases, which enables in-depth studies of the relationship between gene transcription and autoimmune diseases. However, there is still a lack of a database that integrates the large amount of autoimmune disease transcriptome sequencing data and conducts effective analysis. In this study, we developed a user-friendly web database tool, Interactive Analysis and Atlas for Autoimmune disease (IAAA), which integrates bulk RNA-seq data of 929 samples of 10 autoimmune diseases and single-cell RNA-seq data of 783 203 cells in 96 samples of 6 autoimmune diseases. IAAA also provides customizable analysis modules, including gene expression, difference, correlation, similar gene detection and cell–cell interaction, and can display results in three formats (plot, table and pdf) through custom parameters. IAAA provides valuable data resources for researchers studying autoimmune diseases and helps users deeply explore the potential value of the current transcriptome data. IAAA is available.
Database URL: http://galaxy.ustc.edu.cn/IAAA
Uncertainty quantification for regularized inversion of electromagnetic geophysical data – Part II: application in 1-D and 2-D problems
Authors: Blatter Daniel , Morzfeld Matthias , Key Kerry , Constable Steven 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARY
This paper is Part II of a two-part series on a mathematical and computational framework for computing a meaningful uncertainty quantification (UQ) for regularized inversions of electromagnetic data. In Part I, we explained the theory behind a sampling algorithm, which we call RTO-TKO, and in Part II, we showcase RTO-TKO in practice. We individually and jointly invert seafloor magnetotelluric (MT) and surface-towed controlled source electromagnetic field data, collected for imaging offshore freshened groundwater beneath the U.S. Atlantic margin. We also invert seafloor MT data collected for subsalt imaging to produce 2-D resistivity models and uncertainty estimates that characterize the salt body geometry and surrounding sediments. We compare the UQ of the RTO-TKO with results from trans-dimensional sampling, and explain the differences arising from different underlying (prior) assumptions of the two algorithms. We also discuss the practical implications of these findings. Most importantly, however, the 2-D case study unambiguously demonstrates the computational advantages of RTO-TKO and its ability to make use of massive parallelism.
Anti-membrane Antibodies Persist at Least One Year and Discriminate Between Past Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Vaccination
Authors: Amjadi Maya F , Adyniec Ryan R , Gupta Srishti , Bashar S Janna , Mergaert Aisha M , Braun Katarina M , Moreno Gage K , O’Connor David H , Friedrich Thomas C , Safdar Nasia , McCoy Sara S , Shelef Miriam A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The consequences of past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection for personal and population health are emerging, but accurately identifying distant infection is a challenge. Anti-spike antibodies rise after both vaccination and infection and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies rapidly decline.

Methods
We evaluated anti-membrane antibodies in COVID-19 naive, vaccinated, and convalescent subjects to determine if they persist and accurately detect distant infection.

Results
We found that anti-membrane antibodies persist for at least 1 year and are a sensitive and specific marker of past COVID-19 infection.

Conclusions
Thus, anti-membrane and anti-spike antibodies together can differentiate between COVID-19 convalescent, vaccinated, and naive states to advance public health and research.
Hepatitis E Virus Seroprevalence is Associated with Neurodegenerative Disorders in Older People with Dementia: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Pérez-García Felipe , Vázquez-Morón Sonia , Burgueño-García Iván , Muñoz-Gómez María José , Zea-Sevilla María Ascensión , Calero Miguel , Martínez Isidoro , Rábano Alberto , Resino Salvador 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this case-control study, we evaluated the association between serum antibodies against hepatitis E virus (HEV) and central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) in older people with dementia. The presence of anti-HEV antibodies was related to a higher adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of having CNS NDs by neuropathological diagnosis (aOR, 2.13; P = .007) and clinical/neuropathological diagnosis (1.84; P = .02). Besides, serum anti-HEV antibodies were directly related to neuropathological injury (higher vascular pathology [aOR, 1.97; P = .006]) and higher probability of Alzheimer-type pathology (1.84; P = .02). In conclusion, the presence of anti-HEV antibodies was related to higher odds of CNS NDs and neuropathological injury in older people.
Atezolizumab for Pretreated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia: Final Analysis of Phase II AMBITIOUS Study
Authors: Ikeda Satoshi , Kato Terufumi , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Ogura Takashi , Sato Yuki , Hino Aoi , Harada Toshiyuki , Kubota Kaoru , Tokito Takaaki , Okamoto Isamu , Furuya Naoki , Yokoyama Toshihide , Hosokawa Shinobu , Iwasawa Tae , Kasajima Rika , Miyagi Yohei , Misumi Toshihiro , Okamoto Hiroaki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a poor prognostic comorbidity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is also a risk factor for pneumonitis. The TORG1936/AMBITIOUS trial, the first known phase II study of atezolizumab in patients with NSCLC with comorbid IP, was terminated early because of the high incidence of severe pneumonitis.

Methods
This study included patients with idiopathic chronic fibrotic IP, with a predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) of &gt;70%, with or without honeycomb lung, who had previously been treated for NSCLC. The patients received atezolizumab every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was the 1-year survival rate.

Results
A total of 17 patients were registered; the median %FVC was 85.4%, and 41.2% had honeycomb lungs. The 1-year survival rate was 53.3% (95% CI, 25.9-74.6). The median overall and progression-free survival times were 15.3 months (95% CI, 3.1-not reached) and 3.2 months (95% CI, 1.2-7.4), respectively. The incidence of pneumonitis was 29.4% for all grades, and 23.5% for grade ≥3. Tumor mutational burden and any of the detected somatic mutations were not associated with efficacy or risk of pneumonitis.

Conclusion
Atezolizumab may be one of the treatment options for patients with NSCLC with comorbid IP, despite the high risk of developing pneumonitis. This clinical trial was retrospectively registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials on August 26, 2019, (registry number: jRCTs031190084, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs031190084).
Past Aboriginal Populations and Demographic Change Using Radiocarbon Data and Time-Series Analysis
Authors: Williams Alan N. , Ulm Sean , Smith Mike 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The use of radiocarbon data as a proxy for past human demography has become common in many parts of the world with increasingly sophisticated techniques developed in the last decade. Australian archaeologists have been at the forefront of this research. Using this technique, the authors show that at a continent scale Aboriginal population remained low—in the tens of thousands—throughout the Pleistocene, followed by a stepwise growth in the last 10,000 years, and culminating at ~1.15 million in the Late Holocene. The Last Glacial Maximum resulted in significant disruption to populations, with recent evidence suggesting a prolonged recovery from the event, hindered by sea-level change through the terminal Pleistocene. This chapter hypothesises that increasing population during the Early Holocene, along with environmental packing from a reducing landmass, established the conditions contributing to the complex societies observed later in the Holocene and up to the ethnographic period. While radiocarbon approaches to exploring demography have been subject to frequent criticism, virtually all are explicitly addressed in sophisticated applications of the approach, and the authors’ findings continue to be proven robust as more archaeological data becomes available. For instance, the authors’ demonstration that initial seeding population at ~50,000 years ago was ~1000–3000 people and likely involved a deliberate act of exploration has been validated by a plethora of recent studies. The authors suggest a number of temporal and spatial areas that should form the focus of further archaeological research to fill in current knowledge gaps.
Rendering the Future a White Possession
Authors: Brown Lilly 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter traces the emergence of racialized conceptions of Indigenous youth in Australia as they emerged in education discourse in the decade after the success of the 1967 Referendum. A rhetoric of contingent self-determination was enabled through the pathologizing of Indigenous Peoples in response to reports of statistical inequality and poverty. This pathologizing forged racialized conceptions of Indigenous youth as foundational to normative economic futures for First Peoples more broadly. During the early 1970s these conceptions emerged to undermine First Peoples’ demands for self-determination and came to form the basis upon which, after 1977, subsequent neoliberal discourses of youth would intersect. By analyzing the government’s discursive practices during the period under examination, this chapter shows how Indigenous youth emerged as a problem for education through the formation of inescapable deficiency. Through this discursive formation, First Peoples’ mounting demands for a self-determined future were slowly co-opted within sanctioned political discourse, which positioned Indigenous young people as a malleable site of redress in response to the “Aboriginal problem”—through education and employment—for the inherent poverty and disadvantage Indigenous Peoples were figured as facing. The chapter concludes by noting how this early formation of seemingly inescapable deficiency forms the bedrock of the more contemporary policy platforms, such as Closing the Gap in education, in response to the issues facing young First Peoples.
The Andean Novel
Authors: Vilanova Núria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the impact of the Andes and its cultures on a genre that more solidly belonged to the written European tradition: the novel. Motivated by a long literary history, this chapter aims at reflecting on the multiple and rich elements that construct the literary imaginary of the Andes, delving into works in which the Andes are the driving force shaping their aesthetics and narrative discourse. It also explores the writings in which the Andes are the pillar that structurally disrupts and reformulates the very genre of the novel. It likewise looks into novels in which the Andes are only a mere reference. Special attention is given to one of the most prolific narrative trends of the region: the indigenista novel. Part of a broader movement addressing the colonial heritage of oppression and exploitation from an external, often paternalistic perspective, the indigenista novel has captured since the late nineteenth century the struggles and hardship of indigenous peoples. In conclusion, this chapter studies the multifaceted novelistic elements that construct the written imaginary of the Andes and determine the Andeanness of novels associated with the region’s physical and symbolic spaces.