bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of the controlling nutritional status score in patients with hematologic malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Chuanyang , Chen Qiuni , Fei Linrong , Wang Junhui , Wang Chunling , Yu Liang 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAn increasing number of studies have validated the prognostic significance of the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score in patients with solid tumors. However, the extent of the correlation between the CONUT score and clinical outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies is unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of the CONUT score in patients with hematologic malignancies.MethodsAll relevant articles published up to November 15, 2021, were identified by systematically searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were used to quantitatively analyze the association between the CONUT scores and clinical outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancies. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Funnel plots as well as Begg’s and Egger’s tests were used to assess publication bias.ResultsSix studies with 1811 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that a high CONUT score was associated with worse overall survival (OS) (HR=1.34, 95%CI 1.14-1.59, P &lt; 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR=1.20, 95%CI 1.10-1.32, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe CONUT score is an independent prognostic factor in patients with hematologic malignancies.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021292621.
Revealing the novel autophagy-related genes for ligamentum flavum hypertrophy in patients and mice model
Authors: Li Peng , Fei Cheng-shuo , Chen Yan-lin , Chen Ze-sen , Lai Zhong-ming , Tan Rui-qian , Yu Yong-peng , Xiang Xin , Dong Jia-le , Zhang Jun-xiong , Wang Liang , Zhang Zhong-min 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFibrosis is a core pathological factor of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) resulting in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. Autophagy plays a vital role in multi-organ fibrosis. However, autophagy has not been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of LFH.MethodsThe LFH microarray data set GSE113212, derived from Gene Expression Omnibus, was analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Potential autophagy-related genes (ARGs) were obtained with the human autophagy regulator database. Functional analyses including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were conducted to elucidate the underlying biological pathways of autophagy regulating LFH. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses was used to obtain hub ARGs. Using transmission electron microscopy, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, we identified six hub ARGs in clinical specimens and bipedal standing (BS) mouse model.ResultsA total of 70 potential differentially expressed ARGs were screened, including 50 up-regulated and 20 down-regulated genes. According to GO enrichment and KEGG analyses, differentially expressed ARGs were mainly enriched in autophagy-related enrichment terms and signaling pathways related to autophagy. GSEA and GSVA results revealed the potential mechanisms by demonstrating the signaling pathways and biological processes closely related to LFH. Based on PPI network analysis, 14 hub ARGs were identified. Using transmission electron microscopy, we observed the autophagy process in LF tissues for the first time. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry results indicated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of FN1, TGFβ1, NGF, and HMOX1 significantly higher both in human and mouse with LFH, while the mRNA and protein expression levels of CAT and SIRT1 were significantly decreased.ConclusionBased on bioinformatics analysis and further experimental validation in clinical specimens and the BS mouse model, six potential ARGs including FN1, TGFβ1, NGF, HMOX1, CAT, and SIRT1 were found to participate in the fibrosis process of LFH through autophagy and play an essential role in its molecular mechanism. These potential genes may serve as specific therapeutic molecular targets in the treatment of LFH.
Feeding strategy trade-off and selection of marine nocturnal gastropods under predation risk
Authors: Lin Shihui , Gao Xiaolong , Zhang Mo , Lyu Mingxin , Ke Caihuan 
Published: October 2022

The circadian rhythm is one of the most crucial and universal biological rhythms in living organisms. As a typical nocturnal creature, the Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) exhibits rhythmic behaviors in terms of passively selecting whether to avoid predators or to forage, and active adaptation to light cycle changes is regulated by the biological clock. However, no basic data are available to help us to understand these rhythmic behaviors in the abalone species. In the present study, quantification of behavioral data for the abalone and its predator swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus in short-term (24 h) and long-term (40 days) polyculture scenarios suggests that the distance and duration of movement, percentage of feeding individuals, and cumulative duration of feeding of the abalone individuals were significantly lower under the short-term predation risk than the long-term predation risk. The concentrations of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), and hexokinase (HK) in hemolymph, and expression levels of 5-HT1A receptor and 5-HT2 receptor in cerebral ganglion were significantly higher under the long-term predation risk than the short-term predation risk. The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glycogen content in adductor muscle of the abalone was significantly higher under the short-term predation risk than the long-term predation risk, thereby implying their role in anaerobic metabolism and aerobic metabolism as primary energy sources under the short-term and long-term predation risk, respectively. The concentrations of 5-HT and cAMP, and the expression levels of Bmal1 and 5-HT2 receptor exhibited no significant signs of cosine rhythmicity under the short-term predation risk, but changes in the movement and feeding behaviors of the abalone still occurred at the night only. Correlation analysis shows that the expression levels of Bmal1 and Clock had significantly positive correlations with the circadian changes in the movement parameters of the abalone, thereby suggesting a dominant role in the rhythmic expression of endogenous circadian clock genes regulating the rhythmic behavior of the abalone. These findings provide new insights into the origin and evolution of biological rhythms in nocturnal marine animals and a reference for developing rational stock enhancement plans, and would improve protection for marine benthic biodiversity.
Metabolic trade-offs associated with homeostatic adjustments in pelagic and benthic cephalopods: Comparative evaluations of NH4+/H+ transport machinery in gills
Authors: Lin Meng-Wei , Kuan Pou-Long , Sung Po-Hsuan , Tseng Yung-Che 
Published: October 2022

Cephalopods are ancient mollusks that can be found in many different ecological niches in the ocean ranging from the intertidal zone to the deep-sea abyss. In order to adapt to a lifestyle in various habitats, cephalopods have evolved a variety of locomotory modes to accommodate their respective habitats. Most cephalopods have relatively high metabolic rates due to their less efficient swimming mode by jet propulsion. This lifestyle is characterized by a high level of energy expenditure, fueled exclusively by protein diets that are rapidly digested and may produce metabolic nitrogenous waste NH3/NH4 +accumulation and acid-base disturbances. This study observed that the NH4 +transport rate in pelagic bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana) is two times faster than benthic common octopus (Octopus vulgaris). Inhibition of Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) showed significant disruption of NH4 + and H+ excretory processes in gills of octopus but not in squid. However, inhibition of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (VHA) significantly disrupts NH4 + and H+ transport rates in gills of both animals. Accordingly, for NH4 + and H+ homeostasis, benthic octopus with lower aerobic respiration rates utilize both active and Na+-driven secondary transport machinery. In order to avoid NH4 + accumulated in the blood, pelagic squids with higher aerobic respiration rates prefer active NH4 + and H+ transport mechanisms that consume ATP intensively.
Value of transbronchial needle aspiration combined with a rapid on-site evaluation of cytology in the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions
Authors: Liang Long , Duan Hongxia , Zhu Huiyuan , Yang Huiqiong , Li Xuan , Wang Changhui , Xie Shuanshuan 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe diagnostic value of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of cytology during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to validate the value of ROSE during the EUBS-TBNA procedure in the diagnosis of pulmonary lesions (PLs).MethodsEnrolled in this study were 260 patients with nodules, masses, cavities, or inflammatory lesions on pulmonary CT images. They were assigned to undergo EBUS-TBNA with ROSE (n = 134) or without ROSE (n = 126). The diagnostic results of ROSE during EBUS-TBNA and the final pathologic reports were analyzed and compared by utilizing SPSS21.0 software to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). In addition, we further explored whether the ROSE method during EBUS-TBNA would improve the diagnostic yield and reduce the incidence of complications.ResultsThe overall diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA for malignant diseases in the ROSE and the non-ROSE group were 29.9 and 11.1%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of the ROSE method during EBUS-TBNA were 97.4, 96.9, 92.5, and 98.90%, respectively. The result of the chi-square test effectively proved that ROSE operation during EBUS-TBNA contributes to the diagnosis of malignancy compared with the non-ROSE group (χ2 = 13.858, P &lt; 0.001). The number of punctures in the ROSE group was significantly lower than that in the non-ROSE group (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionROSE examination during EBUS-TBNA could effectively improve the diagnostic yield of malignant diseases compared with the non-ROSE group and reduce the number of intraoperative punctures, which is a clinical application worth popularizing.
Ephedrine vs. phenylephrine effect on sublingual microcirculation in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Zhang Yanbing , Jin Limin , Liu Huayue , Meng Xiaowen , Ji Fuhai 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe effects of anesthesia administration on sublingual microcirculation are unknown. It is unclear how sublingual microcirculation responds to ephedrine or phenylephrine administration. We hypothesized that microvascular perfusion is impaired under anesthesia.Materials and methodsWe randomly divided 100 elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery into phenylephrine and ephedrine groups in a 1:1 ratio. Ephedrine or phenylephrine was administered when MAP was &lt; 80% for &gt; 1 min. The heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded every 5 min. Lactic acid was tested both pre- and postoperatively. The sublingual microcirculation characteristics of the microvascular flow index, the percentage of perfused vessels, the density of perfused vessels, and the heterogeneity index were monitored using a sidestream dark field imaging device.ResultsTheir MAP showed an evident decrease of &gt; 20%. At this point, the HR, microvascular flow index, perfused vessel density, and proportion of perfused vessels decreased similarly in ephedrine and phenylephrine groups. Conversely, the heterogeneity index increased in both groups. After phenylephrine and ephedrine administration, ephedrine treatment significantly increased the proportion of perfused vessels, microvascular flow index, and HR compared with phenylephrine treatment.ConclusionGeneral anesthesia was associated with reduced MAP, HR, and sublingual microcirculation in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery. The results of ephedrine treatment were better than those of phenylephrine treatment in terms of HR, increased the proportion of perfused vessels, and microvascular flow index of sublingual microcirculation.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR-2000035959].
Unsupervised clustering reveals phenotypes of AKI in ICU COVID-19 patients
Authors: Legouis David , Criton Gilles , Assouline Benjamin , Le Terrier Christophe , Sgardello Sebastian , Pugin Jérôme , Marchi Elisa , Sangla Frédéric 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundAcute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a very frequent condition, occurring in about one in three patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). AKI is a syndrome defined as a sudden decrease in glomerular filtration rate. However, this unified definition does not reflect the various mechanisms involved in AKI pathophysiology, each with its own characteristics and sensitivity to therapy. In this study, we aimed at developing an innovative machine learning based method able to subphenotype AKI according to its pattern of risk factors.MethodsWe adopted a three-step pipeline of analyses. First, we looked for factors associated with AKI using a generalized additive model. Second, we calculated the importance of each identified AKI related factor in the estimated AKI risk to find the main risk factor for AKI, at the single patient level. Lastly, we clusterized AKI patients according to their profile of risk factors and compared the clinical characteristics and outcome of every cluster. We applied this method to a cohort of severe COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU of the Geneva University Hospitals.ResultsAmong the 248 patients analyzed, we found 7 factors associated with AKI development. Using the individual expression of these factors, we identified three groups of AKI patients, based on the use of Lopinavir/Ritonavir, baseline eGFR, use of dexamethasone and AKI severity. The three clusters expressed distinct characteristics in terms of AKI severity and recovery, metabolic patterns and hospital mortality.ConclusionWe propose here a new method to phenotype AKI patients according to their most important individual risk factors for AKI development. When applied to an ICU cohort of COVID-19 patients, we were able to differentiate three groups of patients. Each expressed specific AKI characteristics and outcomes, which probably reflect a distinct pathophysiology.
D-dimer levels and characteristics of lymphocyte subsets, cytokine profiles in peripheral blood of patients with severe COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Haiyue , Wu Huajun , Pan Dongli , Shen Weifeng 
Published: October 2022

PurposeA series of complications caused by severe COVID-19 can significantly affect short-term results. Therefore, early diagnosis is essential for critically COVID-19 patients. we aimed to investigate the correlation among D-dimer levels, lymphocyte subsets, cytokines, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients.MethodsSystematic review and meta- analysis of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, clinical trials, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) until 1 August 2022. We considered case-control, and cohort studies that compared laboratory parameters between patients with severe or non-serious diseases or between survivors and non-survivors. Pooled data was assessed by use of a random-effects model and used I2 to test heterogeneity. We assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle- Ottawa Scale.ResultsOf the 5,561 identified studies, 32 were eligible and included in our analysis (N = 3,337 participants). Random-effect results indicated that patients with COVID-19 in severe group had higher levels for D-dimer (WMD = 1.217 mg/L, 95%CI=[0.788, 1.646], P &lt; 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (WMD = 6.939, 95%CI = [4.581, 9.297], P &lt; 0.001), IL-2 (WMD = 0.371 pg/ml, 95%CI = [−0.190, 0.932], P = 0.004), IL-4 (WMD = 0.139 pg/ml, 95%CI = [0.060, 0.219], P = 0.717), IL-6 (WMD = 44.251 pg/ml, 95%CI = [27.010, 61.493], P &lt; 0.001), IL-10 (WMD = 3.718 pg/ml, 95%CI = [2.648, 4.788], P &lt; 0.001) as well as lower levels of lymphocytes (WMD = −0.468( × 109/L), 95%CI = [−0.543, −0.394], P &lt; 0.001), T cells (WMD = −446.746(/μL), 95%CI = [−619.607, −273.885], P &lt; 0.001), B cells (WMD = −60.616(/μL), 95%CI = [−96.452, −24.780], P &lt; 0.001), NK cells (WMD = −68.297(/μL), 95%CI = [−90.600, −45.994], P &lt; 0.001), CD3+T cells (WMD = −487.870(/μL), 95%CI = [−627.248, −348.492], P &lt; 0.001), CD4+T cells (WMD = −290.134(/μL), 95%CI = [−370.834, −209.435], P &lt; 0.001), CD8+T cells (WMD = −188.781(/μL), 95%CI = [−227.806, −149.757], P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThere is a correlation among higher levels of D-dimer, cytokines, lower levels of lymphocyte subsets, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients. These effective biomarkers may help clinicians to evaluate the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42020196659.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=196659; PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020196659.
Metric magnetic resonance imaging analysis reveals pronounced substantia-innominata atrophy in dementia with Lewy bodies with a psychiatric onset
Authors: Hansen Niels , Müller Sebastian Johannes , Khadhraoui Eya , Riedel Christian Heiner , Langer Philip , Wiltfang Jens , Timäus Charles-Arnold , Bouter Caroline , Ernst Marielle , Lange Claudia 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a type of dementia often diagnosed in older patients. Since its initial symptoms range from delirium to psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, the diagnosis is often delayed.ObjectivesIn our study, we evaluated the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of patients suffering from DLB in correlation with their initial symptoms taking a new pragmatic approach entailing manual measurements in addition to an automated volumetric analysis of MRI.MethodsA total of 63 patients with diagnosed DLB and valid 3D data sets were retrospectively and blinded evaluated. We assessed atrophy patterns (1) manually for the substantia innominata and (2) via FastSurfer for the most common supratentorial regions. Initial symptoms were categorized by (1) mild cognitive impairment (MCI), (2) psychiatric episodes, and (3) delirium.ResultsManual metric MRI measurements revealed moderate, but significant substantia-innominata (SI) atrophy in patients with a psychiatric onset. FastSurfer analysis revealed no regional volumetric differences between groups.ConclusionThe SI in patients with DLB and a psychiatric-onset is more atrophied than that in patients with initial MCI. Our results suggest potential differences in SI between DLB subtypes at the prodromal stage, which are useful when taking a differential-diagnostic approach. This finding should be confirmed in larger patient cohorts.
Prevalence of chronic non-specific low back pain among caregivers of stroke survivors in Kano, Nigeria and factors associated with it: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdullahi Auwal , Aliyu Kamilu , Hassan Auwal Bello , Sokunbi Ganiyu Oluwaleke , Bello Bashir , Saeys Wim , Truijen Steven 
Published: October 2022

PurposeLow back pain (LBP) may have a specific or non-specific cause such as abnormal posture or repetitive tasks. For instance, lifting and transferring patients during caregiving for stroke survivors may predispose the caregivers to LBP.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of chronic non-specific LBP and factors associated with it in caregivers of stroke survivors.MethodThe research design used is cross-sectional study design. Participants of the study were caregivers of stroke survivors in Kano, Nigeria who were at least 18 years old. They were included if they had at least one-month experience with caregiving for at least 1 h per day. Presence of LBP and level of disability were assessed using participants' self-report and Rolland Morris Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire respectively. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive, Chi-square statistics and Binary Logistics Regression.ResultThree hundred caregivers with mean age, 33.24 ± 10.32 years in which 207 and 93 were males and females respectively, participated in the study. The results showed that, there was a high prevalence (64.7%) of LBP among the caregivers. The prevalence was significantly associated with gender (p &lt; 0.001), age (p = 0.029), occupation (p &lt; 0.001) and duration of caregiving (p &lt; 0.001) of the study participants. In addition, the result of the regression model showed that, being a female (p = 0.001), a civil servant (p = 0.031), a trader (p = 0.013), and a complete caregiver (0.001); and caregiving for a duration of 5 h or more per day (p = 0.024) are significant predictors of having LBP. Similarly, level of disability due to the presence of LBP among the study participants was significantly associated with gender (p &lt; 0.001), occupation (p &lt; 0.001), duration of caregiving (p = 0.025), and the nature of the caregiving (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionInformal caregiving for stroke survivors may result in developing chronic non-specific LBP, especially among females, Civil servants, traders, complete caregivers and those with long duration of caregiving. This can add an additional burden on the family in terms of cost of care, result in reduced quality of caregiving and cause psychological stress. Thus, it is important the health of the caregivers of stroke survivors is considered during stroke rehabilitation.