bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and characterization of A Zn-0.5Fe alloy membrane by powder metallurgy route for guided bone regeneration
Authors: Liu Ying , Fu Zhendi , Chu Xin , Lu Yujiao , Zhang Jiaxi , Huang Jiefeng , Liu Yiting , Yan Yang , Yu Kun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A Zn-0.5Fe membrane with a thickness of 0.1 mm was produced by powder sintering and then hot extrusion and hot rolling. The microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion properties and cytotoxicity of the Zn-0.5Fe membrane were investigated. The Zn-0.5Fe membrane had a finer and uniform microstructure in comparison to as-sintered Zn-0.5Fe and as-extruded Zn-0.5Fe alloys. Among the three alloys, the Zn-0.5Fe membrane exhibited the best mechanical properties, due to the fine grain strengthening, which is caused by the grain refinement and porosity reduction of the Zn-0.5Fe alloy after processing. The corrosion results of the Zn-0.5Fe alloys in Ringer’s solution show that the corrosion resistance was improved after hot working because of the decrease of micro-galvanic corrosion caused by intermetallic compound. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity test assessed by MC3T3-E1 subclone 14 cells showed the Zn-0.5Fe membrane had an acceptable biocompatibility. Therefore, the Zn-0.5Fe membrane has great potential for biodegradable guided bone regeneration.
Grating-free quantitative phase retrieval for x-ray phase-contrast imaging with conventional sources
Authors: Sun Weiyuan , Pyakurel Uttam , MacDonald Carolyn A , Petruccelli Jonathan C 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
X-ray phase-contrast imaging can display subtle differences in low-density materials (e.g. soft tissues) more readily than conventional x-ray imaging. However, producing x-ray phase images requires significant spatial coherence of the beam which in turn requires highly specialized sources such as synchrotrons, small and low power microfocus sources, or complex procedures, such as multiple exposures with several carefully stepped precision gratings. To find appropriate approaches for producing x-ray phase-contrast imaging in a clinically meaningful way, we employed a grating-free method that utilized a low-cost, coarse wire mesh and simple processing. This method relaxes the spatial coherence constraint and allows quantitative phase retrieval for not only monochromatic but also polychromatic beams. We also combined the mesh-based system with polycapillary optics to significantly improve the accuracy of quantitative phase retrieval.
A comparison of power measurement techniques and electrical characterization of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet
Authors: JOVANOVIĆ Olivera , PUAČ Nevena , ŠKORO Nikola 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the last two decades a growing interest has been shown in the investigation of atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs) that operate in contact with liquid samples. In order to form a complete picture about such experimental systems, it is necessary to perform detailed diagnostics of plasma jets, as one step that will enable the adjustment of system properties for applications in different areas. In this work, we conducted a detailed electrical characterisation of a plasma system configuration used for water treatment. A helium plasma jet, with a pin electrode powered by a continuous sine wave at a frequency of 330 kHz, formed a streamer that was in contact with a distilled water sample. An electrical circuit allowed the monitoring of electrical signals supplied to the jet and also to the plasma itself. An electrical characterisation together with power consumption measurements was obtained by using two different methods. The first method was based on the direct measurements of voltage and current signals, while in the second method we used ‘Lissajous figures’. We compared these two methods when used for discharge power estimation and addressed their advantages and limitations. The results showed that both of these methods could be used to successfully determine power consumed by a discharge in contact with water, but only when taking into account power dissipation without plasma.
Mediated semi-quantum key distribution with improved efficiency
Authors: Guskind Julia , Krawec Walter O 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Mediated semi-quantum key distribution involves the use of two end-users who have very restricted, almost classical, capabilities, who wish to establish a shared secret key using the help of a fully-quantum server who may be adversarial. In this paper, we introduce a new mediated semi-quantum key distribution protocol, extending prior work, which has asymptotically perfect efficiency. Though this comes at the cost of decreased noise tolerance, our protocol is backwards compatible with prior work, so users may easily switch to the old (normally less efficient) protocol if the noise level is high enough to justify it. To prove security, we show an interesting reduction from the mediated semi-quantum scenario to a fully-quantum entanglement based protocol which may be useful when proving the security of other multi-user quantum key distribution protocols.
6D phase space collective modes in Vlasov-Maxwell system
Authors: Lin H , Liu C P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Plasma electromagnetic (EM) kinetic simulation faces two unavoidable difficulties. One arises from the fact that Maxwell equations determine a simultaneity relation between transverse electric field

E

⃗

Tr

and local growth rates of probability distribution function (PDF)

f

in Vlasov-Maxwell (V-M) simulation in Eulerian approach, so does that between

E

Tr

and Lagrangian particles’ time-varying rates which refers to displacement of

f

-element in

6
D

phase space in V-M simulation in Lagrangian approach, and macroparticles’ accelerating rates in Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation. These simultaneous with

E

Tr

are termed as bottom objects’ growth rates (BOGRs) in this work. Directly solving the BOGRs needs to diagonalize a large full matrix, and hence often be approximated. The other arises from the fact that Lagrangian particles’ time-histories should uniformly converge with respect to the time-step. This severe requirement is difficult to be satisfied and hence some of Lagrangian particles’ time-histories lose fidelity. We propose a strict alternative method free from two difficulties. The initial-value problem of V-M system can be interpreted by

6
D

phase space allowed deformation of an initial

f

-profile. By virtue of a more compact description of

f
,

in which a conditional probability density function (C-PDF) well reflects some macroscopic conservation laws behind the V-M system, we can interpret the initial-value problem of

f

in terms of

6
D

standing-wave oscillation in the C-PDF. A key subtle difference between microscopic scalar field and microscopic vector field can also lead to a similar scheme of particle simulation.
PACS: 52.65.-y.
Comparative analysis of micrometric and nano-metric WC-10Co-4Cr GTA cladding
Authors: Singh Jasbir , Thakur Lalit , Angra Surjit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The present research work examines the wear performance and cost of developing the micrometric and nano-metric WC-10Co-4Cr GTA claddings. Both the claddings were developed at optimized parametric conditions by using a fully automatic GTA welding machine. The microstructure, elemental compositions and phases present in the deposited claddings were characterized by using FE-SEM, EDS and XRD, respectively. Micro-hardness of the micrometric and nano-metric claddings were evaluated with the help of a Vickers hardness tester. A pin-on-disc tribometer was used for conducting the abrasive wear test. The experimental results revealed that the abrasive wear in nano-metric cladding reduces by 30.72% compared to micrometric cladding. The average microhardness of nano-metric cladding has improved by 25.51% than micrometric cladding. Microstructural examination of worn-out claddings shows that the material was removed from the claddings due to the eruption of CoCr binder matrix along with the pull-out of WC grains, caused by the sliding motion of SiC particles. However, the cost of fabricating nano-metric cladding per unit area (Rs 0.163 mm−2) was higher than the micrometric cladding (Rs 0.107 mm−2) owing to the higher material cost of nano-WC-10Co-4Cr powder.
What We Currently Know about the Prevalence, Causes, and Dynamics of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Bates Elizabeth A. , Papamichail Alexandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOver the past 50 years, a wealth of literature exploring intimate partner violence (IPV) has developed. This chapter aims to present what we currently know about the prevalence, causes, and dynamics of IPV. This will involve exploring the prevalence of IPV, the dynamics of IPV, including bidirectional or mutual abuse, the development of typologies, risk factors and antecedents of IPV perpetration, and the consequences of IPV for victims and families. There will also be an exploration of where these issues involve similarity and difference across gender. The chapter will draw on a wide range of academic research, including specifically from the Partner Abuse State of Knowledge research and national population data such as the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (USA) and the Office for National Statistics UK data on domestic abuse.
The Law Enforcement Response to Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Russell Brenda , Seisler Emily 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs first responders, law enforcement officers encounter intimate partner violence (IPV) regularly, and agencies have enhanced IPV policies and training to ensure officer and victim safety. Nevertheless, empirical research suggests the gender paradigm is alive and well within the criminal justice system, demonstrating differential response to IPV incidents as a function of gender, race, sexual minority status, socioeconomic status, and or any intersectionality of these characteristics. This chapter provides an overview of the foundation and evolution of law enforcement’s response to IPV. It provides evidence-based research that demonstrates how inherent bias, discretion, and discrimination can lead to inequity within the systems designed to protect victims of IPV. Research implications and suggestions for reform are provided to assist in advancing toward equal protection and greater inclusiveness.
Challenges and Strategies in Mounting a Legal Defense in Intimate Partner Violence Criminal Cases
Authors: Dresow Charles 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The criminal defense of cases involving accusations of intimate partner violence (or domestic violence) has much in common with other assault cases. It differs due to the unique dynamics of intimate relationships and prevailing cultural and political attitudes. In this chapter, an experienced criminal defense attorney delineates those commonalities and differences and provides general guidelines and strategies for mounting an effective defense. Among the topics covered are the initial steps taken upon accepting a case, mandatory arrest and dominant aggressor laws, the collateral consequences of arrest and prosecution on defendants and their families, trial considerations, use of expert witnesses, and sentencing alternatives.
Intimate Partner Homicide and the Battered Person Syndrome
Authors: Hamel John , Dutton Don , Lysova Alexandra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough intimate partner violence (IPV), also known as domestic violence, is a set of heterogeneous phenomena, with various causes, dynamics, and consequences, some forms of IPV, known as battering or coercive-controlling violence, can have a profound physical and psychological impact on victims. At the extreme end of these phenomena is intimate partner homicide (IPH), a crime that has been poorly understood and politicized. Attorneys, judges, and juries are asked to adjudicate a crime committed among intimate partners, a context that challenges traditional forms of jurisprudence and invites confusion and politicization. This review examines the causal and motivational factors for IPH in light of the scholarly research literature. It provides a critique of the battered person syndrome, routinely invoked by defense attorneys, particularly in cases involving female suspects. The role of perpetrator sex and gender is also examined.
Internal oligo(dT) priming introduces systematic bias in bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing count data
Authors: Svoboda Marek , Frost H Robert , Bosco Giovanni 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Significant advances in RNA sequencing have been recently made possible by using oligo(dT) primers for simultaneous mRNA enrichment and reverse transcription priming. The associated increase in efficiency has enabled more economical bulk RNA sequencing methods and the advent of high-throughput single-cell RNA sequencing, already one of the most widely adopted methods in transcriptomics. However, the effects of off-target oligo(dT) priming on gene expression quantification have not been appreciated. In the present study, we describe the extent, the possible causes, and the consequences of internal oligo(dT) priming across multiple public datasets obtained from various bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing platforms. To explore and address this issue, we developed a computational algorithm for RNA counting methods, which identifies the sequencing read alignments that likely resulted from internal oligo(dT) priming and removes them from the data. Directly comparing filtered datasets to those obtained by an alternative method reveals significant improvements in gene expression measurement. Finally, we infer a list of human genes whose expression quantification is most likely to be affected by internal oligo(dT) priming and predict that when measured using these methods, the expression of most genes may be inflated by at least 10% whereby some genes are affected more than others.
Effectiveness and safety of warm needling therapy combined with electroacupuncture for patients with plantar heel pain syndrome
Authors: Wu Juecan , Lu Jinghua , Jiang Chengyang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Several studies have reported positive therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture, warm needling, or a combination of the 2 for heel pain; however, the quality of the evidence is limited by methodological limitations. Given that there are no high-quality meta-analyses or reviews incorporating the available evidence, the aim of this study was to systematically review the level I evidence in the literature to determine whether a combination of electroacupuncture and warm needling therapy is more beneficial than acupuncture alone in patients with plantar heel pain syndrome.

Methods:
From the inception to May 2022, the Wanfang, CNKI, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library electronic databases will be searched using the key phrases “acupuncture”, “warm needling”, “electroacupuncture”, “heel pain”, “plantar pain”, and “prospective” for all relevant studies. The outcomes include pain, physical disability, plantar fascia thickness, and foot functional status. Quality assessment of all studies included in this review will be independently assessed by 2 reviewers using the Cochrane Collaborations tool. We consider significant heterogeneity between trials if I
2 > 50%, and severe heterogeneity if I
2 > 75%. When significant heterogeneity is indicated, we will find the source of heterogeneity by subgroup or sensitivity analysis.

Results:
The results of our review will be reported strictly following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines and the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration.

Conclusions:
We initially hypothesized that combination therapy would lead to better treatment outcomes.
Registration number: 10.17605/OSF.IO/VWBYJ.
IFNL4, ACE1, PKR, IFNG, MBL2 genetic polymorphisms and severe COVID-19
Authors: Tu Hengjia , Bao Junrong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background:
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2, the pathogenic process of SARS-Cov-2 is related to the angiotensin-2 converting enzyme (ACE-2) on host cells. The genetic polymorphisms among different populations may influence the progression of COVID-19. However, the effects of IFNL4, ACE1, PKR, IFNG, and MBL2 in severe COVID-19 have not been systematically assessed.

Methods:
We will include all relevant English and Chinese studies by searching the following electronic databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar before March 31, 2022. Two researchers will independently screen and extract the literature. The methodological quality of the included studies will be evaluated by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Result:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the association of IFNL4, ACE1, PKR, IFNG, MBL2 genetic polymorphisms, and severe COVID-19. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal once completed.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of our study will provide evidence for the early prevention of severe COVID-19.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42022301735.
Metronidazole-induced hepatotoxicity in a patient with xeroderma pigmentosum
Authors: Vanoli Jennifer , Nava Miriam , Invernizzi Chiara , Panizzuti Fabio , Grassi Guido 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Whereas metronidazole-induced hepatotoxicity is quite rare in the general population, in individuals carrying a nucleotide excision repair disorder, namely Cockayne syndrome, there is a high risk of developing this complication.

Patient concerns:
We report the case of a 44-year-old man, affected by xeroderma pigmentosum, who was admitted to the hospital presenting aspiration pneumoniae caused by worsening dysphagia and with severe hepatotoxicity during the hospitalization.

Diagnoses:
Acute hepatitis, which was leading to acute liver failure, occurred during antibiotic treatment with metronidazole and ceftazidime with an elevation of liver enzymes consistent with hepatocellular damage pattern.

Interventions:
Hydration with glucose 5% solution, pantoprazole and vitamin K were administered, meanwhile other causes of hepatitis were ruled out and the ongoing antibiotic treatment was stopped suspecting a drug-induced liver injury.

Outcomes:
Liver function nearly completely recovered 1 month later with a first rapid improvement, within few days, of aminotransferases and coagulation studies, and slower of cholestatic enzymes.

Lessons:
We describe the first case available in the literature of hepatotoxicity associated with metronidazole treatment in a xeroderma pigmentosum patient. Clinicians therefore, based on this report and according to the possible underlying mechanism shared by other genetic diseases characterized by alterations in the pathway of DNA-repair, should consider such adverse event also in patients affected by this rare disease.
Epidural abscess formation after chemoradiation therapy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Shin Kyung Eun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide; the treatments vary according to the stage at diagnosis. Advanced esophageal cancer is usually treated by concurrent chemoradiation which is associated with complications including esophagitis, esophageal stricture or perforation, radiation pneumonitis, and/or cardiac toxicity. Herein, we describe epidural abscess, which is a very rare but severe complication that can occur after concurrent chemoradiation therapy for advanced esophageal cancer.

Patient concerns:
A 75-year-old man developed a fever during concurrent chemoradiation therapy for advanced esophageal cancer, which progressed to neurological deficit and paraplegia. Enhanced chest computed tomography and C-spine magnetic resonance imaging were performed.

Diagnosis:
Chest computed tomography revealed a poorly enhanced necrotic change in the cervical esophageal cancer, with mottled dirty material and fluid collection. C-spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed a prevertebral abscess with pyogenic spondylitis at the C6–T2 level. In addition, an anterior epidural abscess at the C6–7 level compressed the spinal cord.

Interventions:
The patient underwent emergency anterior cervical discectomy and decompression corpectomy.

Outcomes
: After surgery, the neurological symptoms gradually improved.

Lessons:
Pyogenic spondylitis with an epidural abscess is a rare but life-threatening complication that can develop after concurrent chemoradiation therapy for advanced esophageal cancer. Rapid, accurate diagnosis and prompt surgical treatment are important to ensure a favorable long-term prognosis and a good quality of life.
Advances in neuroRehabilitation of TREM2-related dementia
Authors: De Luca Rosaria , Marra Angela , Pollicino Patrizia , Buda Marella , Mucari Maria , Bonanno Mirjam , Torregrossa William , Caminiti Angelo , Rifici Carmela , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Rationable:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an advanced neuroRehabilitation protocol using virtual reality in the treatment of a patient with fronto- temporal dementia due to TREM2 mutation.

Patient's concern:
A 41-year-old caucasian male, affected by Nasu-Hakola Disease (NHD), presented a 1-year history of change in behavioral and cognitive functioning, before our observation. The onset of the disease was characterized by severe pain in the lower limbs and knees with limitations in the performance of daily life activities.

Diagnosis:
Motor and cognitive deficits in NHD.

Interventions:
As the patient was in a chronic phase, to manage his cognitive and motor status, we decided to treat him by using a specific rehabilitation protocol, including 2 different types of training: conventional cognitive and motor treatment and a combined advanced approach using the virtual reality rehabilitation system (VRRS). The two protocols were separated by 4 weeks of rest, to avoid/reduce a cumulative effect. The patient's cognitive and motor profile was assessed three times: that is before (at T0) and after (at T1) the conventional training as well as at the beginning (T2) and at the end of the combined experimental approach (T3).

Outcomes:
After the combined therapeutic approach with the virtual reality rehabilitation system, we observed a significant reduction in anxiety, apathy, indifference and depressive symptoms with a more evident motor improvement involving the head and the trunk control.

Lessons:
Virtual reality can be considered a promising tool for the motor and cognitive rehabilitation of rare neurodegenerative disorders, including patients with NHD.