bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scaffolding Language for Learning in Mathematics for English Learners Receiving Intensive Intervention
Authors: Sacco Donna M. , Spies Tracy , Pfannenstiel Kathleen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEliciting student thinking during mathematics instruction allows teachers to choose tasks with high cognitive demand while also engaging students to use productive struggle to solve mathematical problems, thus increasing their conceptual understanding. Often, students who require intensive intervention in mathematics, in particular, students who are English learners, are not able to participate in discourse opportunities within core instruction in mathematics because they lack the confidence or the necessary skills. This includes students with mathematics difficulties as well as students with identified mathematics disabilities. Discourse provides multiple opportunities to practice using and listening to content‐specific language, which is critical to developing academic language and accessing higher‐level mathematics. This article summarizes the research supporting discourse in mathematics interventions as well as appropriate scaffolds to support discourse within intensive intervention for English learners, ultimately improving student understanding and performance.
A low‐latitude species pump: Peripheral isolation, parapatric speciation and mating‐system evolution converge in a marine radiation
Authors: Almeida Susana C. , Neiva João , Sousa Filipe , Martins Neusa , Cox Cymon J. , Melo‐Ferreira José , Guiry Michael D. , Serrão Ester A. , Pearson Gareth A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGeologically recent radiations can shed light on speciation processes, but incomplete lineage sorting and introgressive gene flow render accurate evolutionary reconstruction and interpretation challenging. Independently evolving metapopulations of low dispersal taxa may provide an additional level of phylogeographic information, given sufficiently broad sampling and genome‐wide sequencing. Evolution in the marine brown algal genus Fucus in the south‐eastern North Atlantic was shaped by Quaternary climate‐driven range shifts. Over this timescale, divergence and speciation occurred against a background of expansion‐contraction cycles from multiple refugia, together with mating‐system shifts from outcrossing (dioecy) to selfing hermaphroditism. We tested the hypothesis that peripheral isolation of range edge (dioecious) F. vesiculosus led to parapatric speciation and radiation of hermaphrodite lineages. Species tree methods using 876 single‐copy nuclear genes and extensive geographic coverage produced conflicting topologies with respect to geographic clades of F. vesiculosus. All methods, however, revealed a new and early diverging hermaphrodite species, Fucus macroguiryi sp. nov. Both the multispecies coalescent and polymorphism‐aware models (in contrast to concatenation) support sequential paraphyly in F. vesiculosus resulting from distinct evolutionary processes. Our results support (1) peripheral isolation of the southern F. vesiculosus clade prior to parapatric speciation and radiation of hermaphrodite lineages‐a “low‐latitude species pump”. (2) Directional introgressive gene flow into F. vesiculosus around the present‐day secondary contact zone (sympatric‐allopatric boundary) between dioecious/hermaphrodite lineages as hermaphrodites expanded northwards, supported by concordance analysis and statistical tests of introgression. (3) Species boundaries in the extensive sympatric range are probably maintained by reproductive system (selfing in hermaphrodites) and reinforcement.
Multiple insecticide resistance and first evidence of V410L kdr mutation in Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus) from Burkina Faso
Authors: Toé Hyacinthe K. , Zongo Soumanaba , Guelbeogo Moussa W. , Kamgang Basile , Viana Mafalda , Tapsoba Madou , Sanou Antoine , Traoré Alphonse , McCall Philip J. , Sagnon N'Falé 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe response to recent dengue outbreaks in Burkina Faso was insecticide‐based, despite poor knowledge of the vector population's susceptibility to the insecticides used. Here, we report on the susceptibility to the main insecticide classes and identify important underlying mechanisms in Aedes aegypti populations in Ouagadougou and Banfora, in 2019 and 2020. Wild Ae. aegypti were tested as adults in WHO bioassays and then screened in real time melting curve qPCR analyses to genotype the F1534C, V1016I, and V410L Aedes kdr mutations. Ae. aegypti showed moderate resistance to 0.1% bendiocarb (80–95% survival post‐exposure), 0.8% Malathion (60–100%), 0.21% pirimiphos‐methyl (75% – 97%), and high resistance to 0.03% deltamethrin (20–70%). PBO pre‐exposure partially restored pyrethroid susceptibility. Genotyping detected high frequency of 1534C allele (0.92) and moderate 1016I (0.1–0.32). The V410L mutation was detected in Burkina Faso for the first time (frequency 0.1–0.36). Mosquitoes surviving 4 h exposure to 0.03% deltamethrin had significantly higher frequencies of the F1534C mutation than dead mosquitoes (0.70 vs. 0.96, p < 0.0001) and mosquitoes surviving 2 ‐ 4 h exposure had a significantly reduced life span. Ae. aegypti from Burkina Faso are resistant to multiple insecticide classes with multiple mechanisms involved, demonstrating the essential role of insecticide resistance monitoring within national dengue control programmes.
Molecular epidemiology and clinical‐laboratory aspects of chromoblastomycosis in Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Guevara Armando , Nery Andréia Ferreira , de Souza Carvalho Melhem Márcia , Bonfietti Lucas , Rodrigues Anderson Messias , Hagen Ferry , de Carvalho Jamile Ambrósio , de Camargo Zoilo Pires , de Souza Lima Bruna Jacomel F. , Vicente Vânia Aparecida , Hahn Rosane Christine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionChromoblastomycosis is a disease caused by melanized fungi, primarily belonging to the genera Fonsecaea and Cladophialophora, mainly affecting individuals who are occupationally exposed to soil and plant products. This research aimed to determine the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory characteristics of chromoblastomycosis in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with chromoblastomycosis treated at the Júlio Müller University Hospital, Cuiabá, Brazil, from January 2015 to December 2020, whose isolates were preserved in the Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Mato Grosso. Isolates were identified by partly sequencing the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and β‐tubulin (BT2) loci. AFLP fingerprinting was used to explore the genetic diversity. Susceptibility to itraconazole, voriconazole, 5‐fluorocytosine, terbinafine and amphotericin B was determined by the broth microdilution technique.ResultsTen patients were included, nine were male (mean age = 64.1 years). Mean disease duration was 8.6 years. Lesions were mainly observed in the lower limbs. Predominant clinical forms were verrucous and scarring. Systemic arterial hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus were the predominant comorbidities. Leprosy was the main concomitant infectious disease. Fonsecaea pedrosoi was the unique aetiological agent identified with moderate genetic diversity (H = 0.3934–0.4527; PIC = 0.3160–0.3502). Antifungal agents with the highest activity were terbinafine, voriconazole and itraconazole.ConclusionChromoblastomycosis is affecting the poor population in rural and urban areas, mainly related to agricultural activities, with F. pedrosoi being the dominant aetiologic agent. All isolates had low MICs for itraconazole, voriconazole and terbinafine, confirming their importance as therapeutic alternatives for chromoblastomycosis.
Autoimmunity to acetylcholine receptor channels
Authors: Yoshikawa Hiroaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnti‐acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChRAb) targets nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). AChRAb induces degradation of AChRs, which causes a decrease in the efficacy of neuromuscular transmission. The clinical condition induced by this process is myasthenia gravis (MG). Transmission failure at the NMJ is detectable by a repetitive nerve stimulation test. AChRAb may be complicated with thymic abnormalities (thymoma and/or lymphoreticular hyperplasia [LFH]). Moreover, autoimmune thyroid disease may accompany MG. Thymoma and LFH have etiological roles in AChRAb production, and the removal of thymoma and LFH improve MG symptoms. MG therapies, such as acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (AChEI), aim to increase the efficacy of NMJ transmission; however, the effect of AChEI is limited. The primary therapy aims to decrease AChRAb and is combined with thymectomy. There are two methods to remove AChRAb from the patients' blood: (1) reduce the production of immunoglobulins by administration of corticosteroid and/or immunosuppressants and (2) remove immunoglobulin by blood purification. In some patients, long‐lasting immunosuppression is necessary, which causes adverse events. Combinatory use of other immunosuppressants reduces the adverse events of corticosteroids. In addition, intravenous immunoglobulin is available to modify the proportion of immunoglobulin in patients' blood. Recently, humanized monoclonal antibodies against specific molecules have been introduced for immunoglobulin modification; however, they are not AChRAb specific. Thus, it is necessary to consider the safety and cost‐effectiveness of therapies.
Relationship between multidimensional stressors and quality of life in people with stroke
Authors: Choi Eun Jeong , Kim Hye Young 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study explored the impact of intrapersonal (stroke severity, physical dysfunction, and fear of stroke recurrence), interpersonal (loneliness), and extrapersonal (economic status) stressors on the quality of life of people with stroke. A correlational cross‐sectional research design was employed. This study was based on Betty Neuman's systems theory. One hundred thirty‐nine people with stroke were recruited from 10 hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected from January to February 2020 using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t‐test, one‐way analysis of variance, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Stroke severity had the strongest association with quality of life among people with stroke, followed by loneliness and fear of stroke recurrence. These variables accounted for approximately 77% of the variance in the quality of life. Stroke severity, loneliness, and fear of stroke recurrence should be systematically monitored to enhance the quality of life in people with stroke. Additionally, a detailed intervention that considers all these stressors must be developed, and its effectiveness must be verified through further research.
“Complexity, safety and challenges: Emergency responders' experience of people affected by methamphetamines”
Authors: Jones Rikki , Jackson Debra , Woods Cindy , Usher Kim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractProviding care to methamphetamine‐related callout events in the prehospital environment is often complex and resource‐intensive, requiring staff to manage agitation and violence‐related side effects of methamphetamines. In Australia, emergency responders are increasingly required to attend events related to methamphetamines, even though reports suggest methamphetamine use across Australia has declined. The aim of the study was to explore Australian police and paramedic experiences attending methamphetamine‐related events. A qualitative descriptive phenomenology design was employed using semi‐structured interviews with employed police (10) and paramedics (8) from Australia. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants described the complexities associated with providing prehospital care to people affected by methamphetamines. Participants described associated domestic/family violence, increased levels of violence, challenges with communication, and responder emotional and psychological distress and physical injury. Violence associated with methamphetamine use is a critical factor in prehospital care. Workplace violence and family/domestic violence are important issues that require further research to ensure families and staff are well supported and have the services they need to continue responding to people affected by methamphetamine use.
The effect of institutional support and relational capital on knowledge mobilization in public administration research
Authors: Zhang Wenguang , Xiao Yanbo , Zhang Jingyu , Lu Ji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractKnowledge mobilization (KMb) takes a programmatic approach to empower and motivate scholars to connect research with policy‐making through disseminating research to knowledge users, acquiring information from practitioners, and responding to the acquired information. The present study aims to investigate the influence of institutional‐level factors on researchers' KMb activities. One hundred fifty‐five researchers in the field of public administration across China participated in an online survey study. The participants reported their KMb activities, perceived institutional support, and relational capital. The results demonstrate that both the strength of institutional support and relational capital are positively associated with researchers' KMb activities. Moreover, the effect of institutional support tends to be stronger when an institution has more relational capital. The study highlights that research institutions should take programmatic approaches to empower their researchers to be actively involved in the knowledge co‐production process and make a systematic effort at the institutional level to build a well‐developed collaborative network.
Circadian pain patterns in human pain conditions – A systematic review
Authors: Knezevic Nebojsa Nick , Nader Anthony , Pirvulescu Iulia , Pynadath Aby , Rahavard Behnoosh B. , Candido Kenneth D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronobiology is the science of how physiological processes in the body follow a pattern of time. Pain has been shown to follow a circadian rhythm, with different types of pain having variable expression along this rhythm.ObjectiveThis article reviews the nature of diurnal variations in pain along with a discussion of the mechanisms of circadian rhythm of pain.Evidence ReviewWe conducted a literature search on the PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases, through April 2022. Publications were screened for English language, full‐text availability, and human subjects. Randomized controlled trials and observational trials were included. Data were extracted from studies on patients with acute or chronic pain phenotypes, which provide pain severity data and corresponding diurnal time points.FindingsThe literature search led to the inclusion of 39 studies. A circadian pattern of pain was found to be present in nociceptive, neuropathic, central, and mixed pain states. Postoperative pain, fibromyalgia, trigeminal neuralgia, and migraines were associated with higher pain scores in the morning. Temporomandibular joint pain, neuropathic pain, labor pain, biliary colic, and cluster headaches increased throughout the day to reach a peak in the evening or night. Arthritis and cancer pain were not associated with any circadian rhythmicity. Furthermore, the circadian rhythm of pain was not found to be altered in patients on analgesics.ConclusionThe results of this review suggest that an understanding of diurnal variation may help improve therapeutic strategies in pain management, for instance through analgesic titration.
High urinary CXCL10/Cr with onset of Burkitt lymphoma in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient
Authors: Suresh Shwetha , Dix David , Wang Li , Blydt‐Hansen Tom D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrinary CXCL10/Cr is a promising diagnostic tool for early detection of TCMR in pediatric transplant recipients, and most studies focus on its utility in the context of localized allograft inflammation thus far. Other sources of inflammation that may be detected by CXCL10 are less clear.MethodsWe present a case review of a patient with BL, who was enrolled in a prospective trial of urinary CXCL10 monitoring. To evaluate the potential confounding, we tested for association of CXCL10/Cr and EBV viral load in a prospective cohort of pediatric transplant recipients with serial testing for urinary CXCL10/Cr.ResultsThis report describes a 15‐year‐old boy, 3.5 years post‐transplant with chronic EBV viremia, stable kidney function and no history of rejection. Urinary CXCL10/Cr level increased acutely to 79.43 ng/mmol, 0.8 months prior to onset of BL, identified by a surge in EBV viral load. In a national cohort of 97 pediatric kidney transplant recipients, there was no association between urinary CXCL10/Cr with EBV viral loads when comparing periods of pre‐viremia (5.8 ± 9.2 ng/mmol) to active viremia (4.0 ± 5.3 ng/mmol) and periods of active viremia (7.1 ± 8.9 ng/mmol) to post‐viremia (4.4 ± 9.8 ng/mmol).ConclusionsAcute rise in urinary CXCL10/Cr was associated with onset of graft‐associated BL. We were not able to confirm a general association of EBV viral load and urinary CXCL10. As non‐invasive monitoring is implemented using biomarkers like CXCL10 in the clinic, attention will be needed to identify other uncommon, potential sources of CXCL10 elevation.
Sleep‐related breathing disorders and cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Kuznetsova Anna , Meyers Kevin E. , Dhanantwari Preeta , Laney Nina , Frank Rachel , Sethna Christine B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSRBDs have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, which is a significant cause of mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Few studies have investigated the association between SRBDs and cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of pediatric kidney transplant recipients using baseline cardiometabolic data from a previous clinical trial (NCT01007994). Parents/guardians of pediatric kidney transplant recipients filled out 22‐item PSQ. A score greater than 33% was defined as a diagnosis of a SRBD. Fisher's exact test, Mann–Whitney U test, and regressions were used to determine associations.ResultsAmong the 58 transplant recipients enrolled, 14.80% (n = 8) of participants identified as Black and 40.7% (n = 22) were male. The median age was 13 (IQR 8.25, 17) years and median number of years post‐transplant for participants was 2 (IQR 1, 4). The prevalence of SRBDs was 26% (n = 14). The presence of a SRBD was associated with abnormalities in multiple cardiometabolic risk factors including total cholesterol level (β = 23.63; 95% CI 3.58–43.67), LDL level (β = 24.94; 95% CI 6.37–43.50), triglyceride level (β = 54.62; 95% CI 8.74–100.50), and LVH (OR = 5.12; 95% CI 1.12–23.45) when adjusted for age, sex, and race.ConclusionsSimilar to associations reported in the general pediatric and general CKD populations, SRBD is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in pediatric kidney transplant recipients.
Outcomes of living unrelated donor kidney transplants in children: An Organ Procurement and Transplant Network database analysis
Authors: Butani Lavjay , Tancredi Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are conflicting data on long‐term outcomes of pediatric LURD renal Txs compared to Txs of kidneys from other donor sources.MethodsAn analysis of the OPTN database was conducted in children (<18 years) who had received their 1st kidney‐only Tx between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2021. The primary outcome measure was time to graft failure or death. Cox event history regression model for time to primary outcome, categorized by donor source and adjusting for confounders was performed.ResultsOf the 12 089 subjects, 327 (2.7%) received kidneys from LURDs, 4349 (36%) from LRDs and 7413 (61%) from DD. One year graft failure rate was 3.56%. On regression analyses, compared to LRD kidney recipients, LURD recipients had comparable graft survival (graft failure AHR 1.15, 95th percentile confidence interval 0.87–1.51; p .31) and DD recipients had lower graft survival (graft failure hazard ratio 1.26, 95th percentile confidence interval 1.10–1.43; p < .001). When using living unrelated kidney recipients as the reference group, DD kidney recipients had comparable graft survival, with a wide confidence interval (hazard ratio for graft failure 1.09; 0.83–1.43, p .53).ConclusionsPediatric LURD kidney recipients have comparable graft survival to LRD kidney recipients; DD kidney recipients had the poorest survival. Our study, the largest to date, should encourage centers to embrace non‐commercial living‐unrelated transplantation as a viable option for children, preferable to DD kidneys.
Central European 2018 hot drought shifts scots pine forest to its tipping point
Authors: Haberstroh S. , Werner C. , Grün M. , Kreuzwieser J. , Seifert T. , Schindler D. , Christen A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The occurrence of hot drought, i.e. low water availability and simultaneous high air temperature, represents a severe threat to ecosystems. Here, we investigated how the 2018 hot drought in Central Europe caused a tipping point in tree and ecosystem functioning in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest in southwest Germany.

Measurements of stress indicators, such as needle water potential, carbon assimilation and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, of dominant P. sylvestris trees were deployed to evaluate tree functioning during hot drought. Ecosystem impact and recovery were assessed as ecosystem carbon exchange, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from satellite data and tree mortality data.

During summer 2018, needle water potentials of trees dropped to minimum values of −7.5 ± 0.2 MPa, which implied severe hydraulic impairment of P. sylvestris. Likewise, carbon assimilation and VOC emissions strongly declined after mid‐July. Decreasing NDVI values from August 2018 onwards were detected, along with severe defoliation in P. sylvestris, impairing ecosystem carbon flux recovery in 2019, shifting the forest into a year‐round carbon source. A total of 47% of all monitored trees (n = 368) died by September 2020. NDVI recovered to pre‐2018 levels in 2019, likely caused by emerging broadleaved understorey species.

The 2018 hot drought had severe negative impacts on P. sylvestris. The co‐occurrence of unfavourable site‐specific conditions with recurrent severe droughts resulted in accelerated mortality. Thus, the 2018 hot drought pushed the P. sylvestris stand towards its tipping point, with a subsequent vegetation shift to a broadleaf‐dominated forest.