bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Winged Bean: Unexploited Tropical Food Crop1
Authors: Thompson A. E. , Haryono Sri Kuntjijati 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The winged bean has had an exceptionally fast rate of dispersal, development and acceptance as a new food crop throughout the tropical regions of the world. Numerous superlatives have been used to extol its virtues. Mansfield (17) was the first to call attention to the potential of the crop, and world-wide interest was generated in 1975 by the widely distributed National Academy of Sciences publication The Winged Bean: a High-Protein Crop for the Tropics (18). Revelle (22) has also called attention to the crop, along with other neglected or underutilized plants. Winged beans made the big time with a half-page article entitled “Miracle Plant. Anyone for Winged Beans?” in Time magazine (1). It was recently cited by Frank Press, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and Science and Technology Adviser to the President, as an example of what science and agriculture can do in the years ahead to meet important human needs (20). What makes this previously rather obscure plant, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC, such a winner?
Effect of Growth Regulators on Germination of Cucumber and other Cucurbit Seeds at Suboptimal Temperatures1
Authors: Nelson J. M. , Sharples G. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The rate and total germination of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seeds incubated at 12°C was markedly increased by acetone infusion with fusicoccin (FC). Gibberellic acid (GA4/7) was less effective than FC but more effective than GA3 or (2-chloroethyl)phosphoric acid (ethe-phon) in promoting rapid germination. Infusion of GA4/7 alone or in combination with kinetin and/or ethephon into muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds increased total germination at 16°C The growth regulators were generally not effective in promoting low temperature germination of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) seeds.
Linkage of Bacterial Wilt Resistance and Sex Expression in Cucumber1
Authors: Iezzoni A. F. , Peterson C. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A strong linkage (~ 1 crossover unit) was detected between the gene Bw for resistance to bacterial wilt incited by Erwinia tracheiphila (E. F. Smith) Holland and the gene M for pistillate vs. perfect flowers in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
Effect of High Soil Moisture on Quality of Muskmelon1
Authors: Wells John A. , Nugent Perry E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Edisto’ and ‘Saticoy Hybrid’ muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) were grown at 2 soil moisture levels. Soil moisture was negatively correlated with soluble solids content (SSC) in the fruit of both cultivars and negatively correlated with dry matter, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and sucrose content in ‘Edisto’ and with ascorbic acid content in ‘Saticoy’. In both cultivars, SSC was highly correlated with ascorbic acid, sucrose, and dry matter content. The SSC, a commonly used measure of fruit quality, may be misleading unless the effect of soil moisture is considered.
Influence of Preharvest Temperature and Flooding on Sweet Potato Roots in Storage1
Authors: Ahn J. K. , Collins W. W. , Pharr D. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Plants of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) were exposed prior to harvest to 1 week of warm-dry, warm-flooded, cold-dry or cold-flooded soil conditions. Roots harvested from the warm-flooded soil showed more rotting during curing than roots from the other treatments, and rotting continued during storage. Roots harvested from the cold-flooded soil rotted to a lesser extent during curing but rotted rapidly during storage. Roots harvested from the cold-dry soil showed no rotting during curing; however after 52 days of storage, the number of roots with rot increased sharply. Root respiration rates from cold-flooded, cold-dry, and warm-flooded soils were not significantly different, but those rates were much higher than the rate in roots from warm-dry soil. ‘Jewel’ had a lower respiration rate than NC 317. The cold treatments stimulated sprouting of sweet potato roots during storage. ‘Caromex’ showed the highest sprouting followed by ‘Jewel’, NC 317, and ‘Centennial’.
Property of Sorbitol-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase and its Connection with Sorbitol Accumulation in Apple1
Authors: Yamaki Shohei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was found in the cotyledons of apple seedling (Malus domestica Borkh). A rise in enzyme activity coincided with sorbitol accumulation.
Overhead Irrigation Water Quality and the Cracking of Sweet Cherries1
Authors: Ackley William B. , Krueger William H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
It has been observed that overhead irrigation does not cause cracking of sweet cherries (Prunus avium l.) to the same extent as a rain of equal duration. A series of simulated rain-overhead irrigation comparisons was made to test the hypothesis that the difference observed could be due to the dissolved salt content of irrigation waters. Although the quality of the irrigation waters selected were quite high (conductivity of 0.175 millimhos/cm or less), the cracking index of cherries wetted with irrigation water was consistently less than with deionized water. The results reemphasize the marked effect of even small amounts of dissolved salts, particularly the divalent cations, on reducing cracking of sweet cherry fruits.
Identification of Peach Cultivars through Protein Analysis1
Authors: Carter George E. , Brock Myrial M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A technique is described for the extraction, isolation and isoelectric focusing of protein from woody tissue of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch). Following homogenization of woody samples, proteins were extracted into tris-glycinate buffer (0.01 M, pH 8.3) and concentrated by ultrafiltration. Protein samples were then placed on a Polyacrylamide gel containing carrier ampholines and electrofocused for 2½ hours. Following staining procedures, the proteins were analyzed by densitometry.
Herbicidal Effects on Peach Seedling Growth and Weed Control1
Authors: Arnold Calvin E. , Aldrich James H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methy1-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] napropamide [2-(α-naphthoxy)-N,N-diethylpropionamide], oryzalin [3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropyl-sulfanilamide], oxadiazon [2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-∆2-l,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one], and simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] each at 4.5 kg/ha were applied preemergence on June 17, 1976 in a nursery of 6-month-old seedlings of peach [Prunus persica (l.) Batsch cv. Nemaguard]. Though simazine and oryzalin provided better weed control, oxadiazon increased seedling height and trunk diameter from 25 to 89 days after application. All treatments impeded bark adhesion (slippage) 25 days after application but not after either 56 or 89 days. No phytotoxicity was observed from any treatment.
Response of Seedling Rootstocks of Peach to Soil Temperature1
Authors: Young Eric 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seedlings of Halford and Siberian C rootstocks of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) were subjected for 3 months to 3 soil temperatures, 10°, 20°, and 30°C. The height and root and shoot dry weights of Halford seedlings were less at 10° and 30° than at 20°. Siberian C height and dry weights were reduced only by 30°; however the mortality rate was 50% at 10°. Stem caliper was unaffected by soil temperature in either rootstock. Foliage N content was low in the 10° and high in the 30° treatment, while Fe content was low in both 10° and 30°.
Interaction of 4-Chlorophenoxyisobutyric Acid and Indolebutyric Acid on Root and Bud Formation of Peperomia caperata1
Authors: Sympson Robert L. , Chin C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
4-Chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid (PCPIBA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA) both promoted root and shoot formation in leaf cuttings of Peperomia caperata Yunck. PCPIBA, however, was less effective than IBA at the same concentrations in producing roots and shoots.
‘Carolina’ Collard1
Authors: Robbins M. LeRon , Creighton C. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The South Carolina Agriculture Experiment Station and the United States Department of Agriculture announce the joint release of ‘Carolina’ collard Brassica oleracea L. (Acephala group). ‘Carolina’ offers potential because of its resistance to downy mildew incited by Penospora parasitica (Pers.) ex Fr., because of its desirable horticultural characteristics, and because it broadens the genetic base of collard.
‘Majestic’ Peach1
Authors: Hawthorne P. L. , Taylor J. C. , Young W. A. , Raiford T. J. , Horn N. L. , Woodward R. S. , Newsom D. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Majestic’ peach {Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) was released by the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station to provide a large, excellent quality freestone fruit in the ripening sequence between ‘Harvester’ and ‘Red Globe’ or from June 22 to July 1 in north Louisiana (1).
‘Melrose’ Pecan
Authors: Young W. A. , Constantin R. J. , Meadows W. A. , Sanderlin Randy , Barr R. D. , Newsom D. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Melrose’ pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang) K. Koch) has been released to provide a high quality, disease resistant cultivar for both commercial and home orchards plantings. (1)
Measurement of Nitrogenase Activity with an Infrared Gas Analyzer Equipped with an Ethylene Filter1
Authors: Ashtakala Syamala S. , Brassard Pierre , Chrysafidis Agis 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new and simple technique for the measurement of nitrogenase activity in plant material using an infrared gas analyzer equipped with an ethylene filter is described. The technique requires less manipulation than conventional gas chromatography and is particularly suitable for continuous analysis in field studies.
Prodiamine: a Promising Herbicide for Weed Control in Container Nursery Production1
Authors: Fretz Thomas A. , Sheppard Wendy J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pre-emergent applications of rodiamine-2% G [2,4-dinitro-N3,N3-dipropyl-6-(tri-fluoomethyl)-1,3-benzene-diamine] at 1.7, 3.4, 6.7 and 13.4 kg ai/ha effectively controlled large crabgrass (Digitarla sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.) for up to 113 days after application. No injury was noted on any of the test species following application of prodiamine when compared to the control plots.
Maintaining Juvenility in Live Oak1
Authors: Morgan D. L. , McWilliams E. L. , Parr W. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Stem cuttings taken from rooted propagules of a 2-year old South Texas live oak, Quercus virginiana Mill., and maintained for 2 years in a greenhouse rooted in greater numbers than did cuttings taken directly from the original tree 2 years later. Rooting of cuttings from trees 5-8 years decreased with tree age.
Effects of 2,4-D Uptake on Petal Senescence in Cut Carnation Flowers1
Authors: Sacalis J. N. , Nichols R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Uptake of 4, 20, or 100 mg/liter 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) enhanced petal senescence and ethylene evolution in cut carnation flowers, whereas uptake of 500 mg/liter 2,4-D, although damaging vegetative tissue, retarded petal senescence and inhibited ethylene evolution compared with that of flowers held in water.
Factors Affecting Lamina Necrosis of Chlorophytum comosum Thunb1
Authors: Sheely Jay C. , White John W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The addition of Ρ (as treble superphosphate) or F (as NaF) had little effect on lamina necrosis (tipburn) of Chlorophytum comosum (spider plant) grown in sphagnum moss peat or in a 1 soil: 1 peat: 1 perlite medium (by volume). Β significantly increased tipburn injury. The addition of Ca as hydrated lime reduced injury on plants grown in sphagnum peat but not in the soil-peat-perlite medium. The presence of high leaf Na levels suggested a possible selective absorption mechanism which may be related to lamina necrosis.
Relationship between Leaf Pubescence and Resistance to European Red Mite in Apple1
Authors: Paiva Marcos , Janick Jules 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
No relationship was found between leaf pubescence of apple, Malus domestica Borkh., and resistance to European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch, evaluated from numbers of overwintering eggs on field-grown trees or from populations of mites on artificially infested leaves of greenhouse-grown clones or seedlings.
Improved Marketability of Fresh Papaya by Shipment in Hypobaric Containers1
Authors: Alvarez A. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Exposure of fruits of papaya (Carica papaya L.) to subatmospheric pressure (20 mm Hg, 10 C, 90-98% relative humidity for 18-21 days during shipment in hypobaric containers from Hilo, Hawaii, to Los Angeles and New York inhibited both ripening and disease development. Fruits ripened normally after removal from the hypobaric containers, but abnormal softening unrelated to disease occurred in 4-45% of fruits of one packer. Hypobaric-stored fruits had 63% less peduncle infection, 55% less stem-end rot, and 45% fewer fruit surface lesions than those stored in a refrigerated container at normal atmospheric pressure. Postharvest fungicide-wax applications further decreased disease incidence.
Hormonal Changes in Developing and Dehiscing Pecan Shucks1
Authors: Chin Kit L. , Young William A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shuck dehiscence in pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang) K. Koch) was associated with the dissapperance of growth promotor(s) with RPs similar to that of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and an increase in the level of an abscisic acid-like inhibitor, and the appearance of a second inhibitor at the Rf of IAA.
Inheritance of Nitrate Accumulation in Lettuce1
Authors: Subramanya R. , Vest G. , Honma S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
F2 generation of lettuce crosses (Lactuca sativa L.) involving 2 low and 3 high nitrate accumulating cultivars indicated a few major genes were responsible for the control of high or low nitrate accumulation. The segregation of low × high crosses suggested that the 2 low accumulators had different genotypes. Low nitrate accumulation could be explained by dominant complementary epistasis in ‘Valmaine’ and a single dominant gene in ‘Wonder Van Voor-burg’. The F2 segregation of ‘Valmaine’ × ‘Wonder Van Voorburg’ cross confirmed the geno-typic differences. Recessive genes controlled high nitrate accumulation.
B4175 Root-knot Nematode Resistant Snap Bean Breeding Line1
Authors: Wyatt J. E. , Fassuliotis George , Johnson A. W. , Hoffman J. C. , Deakin J. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Breeding line B4175 is a newly released bush snap bean {Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with resistance to root-knot incited by the nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. B4175 is the first bush snap bean breeding line released with resistance to M. incognita derived from PI 165426 (2). The only cultivars available with M. incognita resistance are ‘Manoa Wonder’, a pole bean (3), and several pole types developed by the Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station (1). Use of resistant B4175 will broaden the genetic base of P. vulgaris lines with this character. Use of M. incognitaresistant cultivars will augment existing nematode control methods and is a feasible alternative to chemical control of nematodes.
‘Centennial’ Lettuce1
Authors: Whitaker T. W. , McCreight J. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cripshead (iceberg) lettuce accounts for the major portion of commercially produced lettuce in the U. S. Crisphead types are not, however, commonly grown by home gardeners because of misunderstandings about cultural practices necessary to ensure head formation. Two important factors are planting date and thinning of seedlings. Lettuce should be planted when temperatures are favorable: 17-28°C day and 3-12°C night (2). Warmer temperatures will cause bushiness, bolting, and tipbum. Cooler temperatures will delay head formation and reduce head size. Lettuce should be thinned at the 2-3 leaf stage to increase postthinning survival and ensure even maturity; plants should be spaced 25-35 cm apart (2). If the home gardener is successful in producing a well-formed head, it is often too large to be consumed in a single meal, and if stored in the refrigerator, it loses its ‘fresh-picked’ quality and appeal. Leaf and cos types of lettuce are more popular with home gardeners because they do not form heads and individual plants produce high-quality leaves over a long period of time. An objective of this program was to produce a highquality iceberg lettuce with smaller sized heads for home gardeners.
‘Charlestowne’ and ‘Roots’ Turnips1
Authors: LeRon Robbins M. , Cuthbert F. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The South Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station and the United States Department of Agriculture announce the joint release of ‘Charlestowne’ and ‘Roots’ turnip, Brassica campestris L. (Rapifera group), which are resistant to the turnip aphid, Hyadaphis erysiimi (Kattenbach).
U.F. G508, G509, G510, G511, and G515 Muskmelon Breeding Lines1
Authors: Halsey L. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
U. F. breeding lines G 508, G509, G510, G511 and G515 are short internode muskmelons (cantaloupes) Cucumis melo L. that are being released as germplasm for breeding purposes (Fig. 1). The recessive dwarf character from a short internode line (MCa 66-18-14) obtained from J. L. Bowers, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, was introduced into disease-resistant Florida breeding lines and several commercial cultivars.
‘Scott’ Strawberry1
Authors: Stushnoff C. , Munson S. , Hertz L. B. , Gray W. , Wildung D. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Scott’ is a vigorous and productive strawberry cultivar (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) with firm, large fruit. Named for Donald H. Scott, former USDA strawberry breeder known internationally for breeding disease-resistant strawberries, this is the latest in a series of cultivars resistant to red stele root rot and bred for culture in the eastern United States by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the University of Maryland.
Oregon’S Pear Research Program
Authors: Westwood M. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pyrus calleryana Dene, is ar. exceptional species because of its resistance to a wide variety of insects, diseases and other pests. The selection of the striking ornamental clone shown on the cover resulted from a chance observation in the long-term pear rootstock research program, which began nearly 70 years ago in Oregon.
Genetic Remodeling of Fruit and Nut Trees to Facilitate Cultivar Improvement1
Authors: Hansche Paul E. , Beres William 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Numerous studies show there is great genetic variability in tree fruit and nut species (24). Where quantitative genetic analyses have been made they generally reveal that most of this genetic variability is additive (18, 19, 20, 21, 22). Consequently, the simplest, least expensive breeding method (mass selection) should be as effective as any for improving tree fruit and nut cultivars. Furthermore, most tree fruit and nut species are perennial and can be readily cloned (most commonly by bud grafting). These properties provide geneticists powerful engineering tools that are unavailable in most agronomic and vegetable species. Taken together, these facts suggest that the genetic techniques so successful in improving agronomic and vegetable cultivars should be even more effective when applied to tree fruit and nut crops. However, this is not the case because large plant size and long periods of juvenility severely impede the process of cultivar improvement in tree fruit and nut species.
Respiration and Ethylene Production of the Developing ‘Kerman’ Pistachio Fruit1
Authors: Toumadje Arazdordi , Crane Julian C. , Kader Adel A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Respiration rate of whole ‘Kerman’ pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) fruit increased progressively during seed growth and development and gradually declined after the completion of seed growth. Blank (seedless) fruit, on the other hand, respired at a constant rate which was 5 to 6 times lower than that of fruit with seeds. There was no indication of a climacteric peak in respiration of fruit with seeds. Ethylene evolution from seeded fruit was not significantly different from that of blank fruit. Constant low levels of ethylene were maintained throughout the period of shell and hull dehiscence, as well as fruit maturation, indicating that this hormone is probably not involved in those processes.
Mono- and Polyembryony among Tetraploid Citrus Hybrids1
Authors: Cameron J. W. , Soost R. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The percents of polyembryonic seeds of 65 tetraploid Citrus hybrids and 33 related, probable tetraploids were scored. These plants arose from crosses of 2 diploid, sexual, monoembryonic cultivars by a total of 6 tetraploid, partly asexual, polyembryonic pollen parents. Plants classed as strictly monoembryonic were recovered in progenies from 3 of the tetraploid parents. Individuals with low percentages of polyembryonic seeds were obtained in all progenies. The likelihood that 1 or 2 genes are responsible for polyembryony is discussed.
Influence of Canopy Depth on Susceptibility of ‘Marsh’ Grapefruit to Chilling Injury1
Authors: Purvis A. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Marsh‘ grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) harvested from the exterior canopy of the tree were more susceptible to chilling injury (CI) at 4.4°C than grapefruit harvested from the interior canopy of the same tree. No differences were found in the levels of total soluble carbohydrates, reducing sugars, and sucrose in the peels of the fruit from the 2 canopy depths. An unusual pattern of CI, remarkably similar to the pattern of citrus rust mite [Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashm.)] damage, was observed in several of the exterior canopy fruit. Although the fruit had no visible rust mite damage at harvest, fruit remaining on the tree developed the characteristic bronzing associated with rust mite injury within 2 to 3 weeks after the test fruit were harvested. It is suggested that environmental and biotic factors predispose grapefruit to CI.
In Vitro Propagation of Tarragon1
Authors: Garland P. , Stoltz L. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A combination of 1.0 mg/liter 6-benzylamino purine (BA) and 0.1 mg/liter naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) with 3% sucrose produced the greatest number of shoots from sterile leaf pieces of tarrogon (Artemesia dracunculus L. var. sativa) placed on Linsmaier-Skoog (LS) medium. Plantlet regeneration also occurred with 0.2 mg/liter BA without auxin and with 2% sucrose.
In Vitro Propagation of Monstera deliciosa1
Authors: Fonnesbech Anne , Fonnesbech Mogens 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Shoot tips and lateral buds of Monstera deliciosa Liebm were grown on a modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with combinations of 6 Benzyl-amino-9-(2-tetrahydropyranyl)-9H-purine (PBA) or kinetin and indolacetic acid (IAA). Shoot tips developed much better and faster than lateral buds. More shoot numbers developed with PBA than with kinetin; addition of IAA further increased the shoot number. Highest number of shoots was obtained with 10 mg/liter PBA and 2 mg/liter IAA. Multiplication was higher at 30°C than 21° or 24°. Rooting of shoots was best on MS basal media supplemented with 2 mg/liter IAA. Plants were easily established in soil. The morphology of the in vitro propagated plants was similar to the original clones.