bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenomenology and existentialism in dialogue with Marxist humanism in Yugoslavia in the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Blagojević Una 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe paper looks at how Marxist humanists around the Yugoslav philosophical journal Praxis engaged with existentialist and phenomenological categories. After presenting the early 1950s critiques of existentialism in Yugoslavia, the paper considers how the categories used by the representatives of existentialism (and phenomenology) were interpreted and incorporated by Yugoslav Marxist humanists in the 1960s.
A parameter estimation method for multivariate binned Hawkes processes
Authors: Shlomovich Leigh , Cohen Edward A. K. , Adams Niall 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt is often assumed that events cannot occur simultaneously when modelling data with point processes. This raises a problem as real-world data often contains synchronous observations due to aggregation or rounding, resulting from limitations on recording capabilities and the expense of storing high volumes of precise data. In order to gain a better understanding of the relationships between processes, we consider modelling the aggregated event data using multivariate Hawkes processes, which offer a description of mutually-exciting behaviour and have found wide applications in areas including seismology and finance. Here we generalise existing methodology on parameter estimation of univariate aggregated Hawkes processes to the multivariate case using a Monte Carlo expectation–maximization (MC-EM) algorithm and through a simulation study illustrate that alternative approaches to this problem can be severely biased, with the multivariate MC-EM method outperforming them in terms of MSE in all considered cases.
Theoretical analysis for the fluctuation in the electric parameters of the electroporated cells before and during the electrofusion
Authors: Sherif Sameh , Ghallab Yehya H. , Ismail Yehea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn electric pulse with a sufficient amplitude can lead to electroporation of intracellular organelles. Also, the electric field can lead to electrofusion of the neighboring cells. In this paper, a finite element mathematical model was used to simulate the distribution, radius, and density of the pores. We simulated a mathematical model of the two neighbor cells to analyze the fluctuation in the electroporation parameters before the electrofusion under the ultra-shorted electric field pulse (i.e., impulse signal) for each cell separately and after the electrofusion under the ultra-shorted pulse. The analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution can lead to improving the mathematical models that are used to analyze both electroporation and electrofusion. The study combines the advantages of the nanosecond pulse to avoid the effect of the cell size on the electrofusion and the large-pore radius at the contact point between the cells.
Graphical abstract
Alloy 625 Forgings: Thermo-Metallurgical Model of Solution-Annealing Treatment
Authors: Rivolta Barbara , Boniardi Marco Virginio , Gerosa Riccardo , Casaroli Andrea , Panzeri Davide , Pizetta Zordão Luís Henrique 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetallurgical optimization of engineering alloys is traditionally addressed to improve the overall performance from a mechanical point of view. Grain size is one of the most influential and critical parameters to be controlled in nickel alloys, especially in the high-temperature shaping process and final solution treatment, since it can irremediably damage the alloy performance. For this reason, grain coarsening of alloy 625 was investigated in the temperature interval from 980 to 1150 °C ranging from 0.5 to 6 h. The grain-coarsening data were fitted via regression analysis as a function of time and temperature to develop a predictive model. Grain boundary strengthening was studied by hardness and tensile tests, and the relationships between the grain size and the mechanical properties were finally determined by regression analysis. Such equations were included in a thermo-metallurgical model able to predict the mechanical properties after annealing treatment. This predictive model was validated on a forged tube subjected to solution annealing at 1150 °C for 90 min. Then, it was finally used to compare different microstructural conditions in terms of the alloy impact on the environment.
Blue Zones: Centenarian Modes of Physical Activity: A Scoping Review
Authors: Herbert Casandra , House Mary , Dietzman Ryan , Climstein Mike , Furness James , Kemp-Smith Kevin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe primary aim of this scoping review was to identify the predominant modes of physical activity (PA) in each Blue Zone and to explore the influences that environment and culture have on PA. A research team of three Doctor of Physiotherapy students completed a systematic search using five online databases and cross referenced each reviewer in the study selection process. The study selection was based on eligibility criteria comprised of population autonomy/independence, > 80 years, Blue Zone resident, specified mode of physical activity, and utilized all research designs except for case studies and literature reviews. The databases retrieved a total of 236 articles, and 18 of which, met the inclusion criteria. Data synthesis revealed that 81% of the activities engaged by Blue Zone centenarians are moderate intensity activities. Blue Zone centenarians represent a significantly high physical functioning and high levels of activity through labouring occupations, outdoor hobbies and in-home activities. The most predominant mode represented through the included studies was agricultural activities. Overall, Blue Zones Centenarians are highly active, perform continuous and consistent movements daily, maintain daily hobbies, and work beyond the expected age of retirement. The key findings represent a significant effect on PA by environmental and cultural influences of each region.
Phase I dose-escalation study of milademetan in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Sekiguchi Naohiro , Kasahara Senji , Miyamoto Toshihiro , Kiguchi Toru , Ohno Hitoshi , Takagi Taiga , Tachibana Masaya , Sumi Hiroyuki , Kakurai Yasuyuki , Yamashita Tomonari , Usuki Kensuke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLong-term survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains low, and current treatment modalities are inadequate. Milademetan (DS-3032, RAIN-32), a small-molecule specific murine double minute 2 inhibitor, has shown a p53 status-dependent antitumor effect in vitro studies. This is the first phase I study report of milademetan monotherapy in relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML patients evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary tumor response for further clinical development. Fourteen patients received 90 (starting dose, n = 4), 120 (n = 6), or 160 mg (n = 4) of oral milademetan once daily in a 14/28 treatment cycle. The median total treatment duration was 1.5 cycles. Dose-limiting toxicity did not occur, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Thus, the recommended dose was defined as 160 mg. The most common adverse events (AEs) were decreased appetite (64.3%), febrile neutropenia (50%), nausea (42.9%), and anemia (35.7%). No deaths or AEs leading to treatment discontinuation occurred. Five serious treatment-emergent AEs occurred in 4 patients. Plasma concentration increased linearly with milademetan dose. However, trends in the safety and efficacy of oral milademetan in patients with R/R AML warrant further clinical investigation. This study can inform future milademetan studies in hematologic malignancies.
Diversity of gobioid fishes in the late middle Miocene of northern Moldova, Eastern Paratethys—Part II: description of †Moldavigobius helenae gen. et sp. nov.
Authors: Reichenbacher Bettina , Bannikov Alexander F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe middle Miocene (upper Serravallian, lower Volhynian) deposits at Karpov Yar near Naslavcea, northern Moldova, are among the few settings in which fossil fish are preserved with otoliths in situ. Here, we describe the new gobiid †Moldavigobius helenae gen. et sp. nov. from this locality. The taxon is characterized by small size (up to 34.2 mm SL), a compact body (body depth 17–21% SL), a fan-shaped caudal fin, large ctenoid scales (< 30 scales in the longitudinal row) and nearly square otoliths (sagittae) with a slender, shoe sole-shaped sulcus. It has 27 vertebrae, six spines in the first dorsal fin, one spine and 11 soft rays in both the second dorsal and the anal fin, 15–17 pectoral-fin rays, and 17 (9/8) segmented caudal-fin rays. The meristic characters of †Moldavigobius gen. nov., together with its sagitta shape, suggest a relationship with Lesueurigobius Whitley, 1950, but its fan-shaped caudal fin and the unique sulcus contour of the otoliths preclude its attribution to that genus. In addition, we re-assign an otolith-based species previously described as Knipowitschia suavis Schwarzhans, 2014 as a second member of †Moldavigobius gen. nov. Accordingly, †Moldavigobius gen. nov. was represented by at least two species in the Serravallian of the Eastern Paratethys (†M. helenae gen. et sp. nov., †M. suavis nov. comb.). Moreover, †M. suavis is also known from the Serravallian ichthyofauna of the SE Mediterranean. †Moldavigobius gen. nov. thus demonstrates the key role of fossil skeletal material with otoliths in elucidating the ancient diversity of the Gobioidei.
Business for ocean sustainability: Early responses of ocean governance in the private sector
Authors: Sardá Rafael , Pogutz Stefano , de Silvio Manlio , Allevi Virginia , Saputo Aristea , Daminelli Roberta , Fumagalli Federico , Totaro Leonardo , Rizzi Giorgia , Magni Giulio , Pachner Jan , Perrini Francesco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA large sample of 1664 companies—69 directly working in the ocean economy—distributed across 19 industrial sectors was investigated to explore awareness and activation regarding direct and indirect pressures on the ocean, their responses to these pressures, and the disclosure tools used. We examined their accountability and disclosure practices on sustainable development goals (SDGs) using the drivers, pressures, state, welfare, and response accounting framework. Based on their 2019 sustainability reports, just 7% of the companies assessed disclosed on SDG14. However, 51% of these companies can be considered as aware, albeit to varying degrees, of the pressures their industries place on the oceans, 44% deploy mitigating activities, and 26% are aware and actively lead business responses to ocean challenges. Although we have seen just early responses in addressing ocean challenges, companies’ awareness and activation must converge to achieve ocean sustainability and move businesses into a truly blue economy.
Solid-phase sintering and vapor-liquid-solid growth of BP@MgO quantum dot crystals with a high piezoelectric response
Authors: Liao Qingwei , Hou Wei , Liao Kexuan , Chen Liyin , Song Yujun , Gao Guowei , Qin Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLow-dimensional piezoelectric and quantum piezotronics are two important branches of low-dimensional materials, playing a significant role in the advancement of low-dimensional devices, circuits, and systems. Here, we firstly propose a solid-phase sintering and vapor-liquid-solid growth (SS-VLS-like) method of preparing a quantum-sized oxide material, i.e., black phosphorus (BP)@MgO quantum dot (QD) crystal with a strong piezoelectric response. Quantum-sized MgO was obtained by Mg slowly released from MgB2 within the confinement of a nanoflake BP matrix. Since the slow release of Mg only grows nanometer-sized MgO to hinder the further growth of MgO, we added a heterostructure matrix constraint: nanoflake BP. With the BP as the matrix confinement, MgO QDs embedded in the BP@MgO QD crystals were formed. These crystals have a layered two-dimensional (2D) structure with a thickness of 11 nm and are stable in the air. In addition, piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) images show that they have extremely strong polarity. The strong polarity can also be proved by polarization reversal and a simple pressure sensor.
Well-balanced methods for computational astrophysics
Authors: Käppeli Roger 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe review well-balanced methods for the faithful approximation of solutions of systems of hyperbolic balance laws that are of interest to computational astrophysics. Well-balanced methods are specialized numerical techniques that guarantee the accurate resolution of non-trivial steady-state solutions, that balance laws prominently feature, and perturbations thereof. We discuss versatile frameworks and techniques for generic systems of balance laws for finite volume and finite difference methods. The principal emphasis of the presentation is on the algorithms and their implementation. Subsequently, we specialize in hydrodynamics’ Euler equations to exemplify the techniques and give an overview of the available well-balanced methods in the literature, including the classic hydrostatic equilibrium and steady adiabatic flows. The performance of the schemes is evaluated on a selection of test problems.
Dimensionality of solar magnetic reconnection
Authors: Lee Jeongwoo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSolar flares are the best examples of astrophysical magnetic reconnection in which the reconnection structure can be studied in detail. The structure is manifested through flare ribbons, intense optical and EUV emissions in footpoints of field lines attached to the coronal reconnection region. In the most common type of solar flares, two parallel ribbons appear and move away from each other, which could be related to the reconnection electric field under the theory of two-dimensional (2D) X-point reconnection, opening up a wide field of solar research. Another breakthrough came upon the discovery of circular ribbons, which implies a dome-shaped spine-fan structure capable of truly three dimensional (3D) null point reconnection. The variability of circular ribbons could also shed light on the reconnection electric field in the corona, but was relatively less attended. In this paper, we review selective topics in both types of flares with emphasis on the dimensionality of magnetic reconnection. Three types of reconnection: 2D X-point, 3D torsional, and 3D spine-fan reconnection are studied and associated with translational, rotational, and vibrational degrees of freedom. It is demonstrated that the dimensionality-based analysis of the observed dynamics of circular and parallel ribbons can facilitate a better understanding of the nature of solar magnetic reconnection.
Mexico’s Armed Vigilante Movements (2012–2015): The Impact of Low State Capacity and Economic Inequality
Authors: Trevizo Dolores 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis article disputes recent studies that find no relationship between homicides and vigilantism. Using a unique panel dataset that controls for time and region, this study shows that the relationship exists. The evidence is consistent with the theory of low-capacity states: high homicide rates indicate unchecked criminal enclaves that further corrode trust in police. The territorial gaps in the central state’s presence that O’Donnell once called “brown areas” cost people their lives. Vigilantes react through defensive movements in which ordinary people substitute for the police to fill a security gap. The panel results also indicate that wealth inequality matters. Business people reportedly finance the vigilante organizations, which helps them to sustain collective action over time. Together with income inequality, Mexico’s low-capacity state facilitated an armed vigilante movement between 2012 and 2015.
Tax autonomy mitigates soft budget constraint: evidence from Spanish Regions
Authors: Arespa Marta , González-Alegre Juan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWithin the framework of the soft budget constraint problem, this article investigates the impact of a legislative reform that increased regional tax autonomy on the propensity of Spanish regional governments to incur a deficit. For this purpose, a dynamic panel data model is estimated, using data for the period 1984–2019. The sample shows a breakpoint in 2002, when the reform of the regional financing system came into force, providing Spanish regions with greater tax autonomy, more fiscal competency, and lower intergovernmental transfers. Results show that the budget constraint has hardened, as regions have fewer incentives to accumulate budgetary deficits with the expectation of future compensations from the central government. A comprehensive review of the evolution of other factors previously identified as determinants of soft budget constraints, and the analysis of two regions not included in this financing system, suggest no other possible explanation for these results.
Legal culture in the Danelaw: a study of III Æthelred
Authors: Stattel Jake A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractViking invasions and settlements left substantial legacies in late Anglo-Saxon England, attested in legal texts as a division between areas underDena lageand those underÆngla lage.But how legal practice in Scandinavian-settled England functioned and differed from Anglo-Saxon law remains unclear. III Æthelred, the ‘Wantage Code’, provides critical evidence for legal customs being practised in the Danelaw at the close of the tenth century. An investigation into the code’s peace protections re-examines the argument for occurrences of communal liability in England before the Normans. Wantage’s restrictions on access to law and the need to ‘buy law’ suggest a departure from English conceptions of rights. Provisions on proof in legal cases, including a ‘jury’ of thegns, denote alternative measures of the truth. These analyses depict a Danelaw legal culture that reflects viking army origins, a Scandinavian preference for informal dispute-settlement (‘love’) and the concerns of a landholding Anglo-Scandinavian elite.
Beow in Scandinavia
Authors: Grant Tom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article offers a new appraisal of the Scandinavian evidence relating to Beow – a figure who surfaces in a range of Anglo-Saxon sources as a member of the famous Scylding dynasty. The well-known appearances of Beow in Old Norse genealogical material and in the composition known as Kálfsvísa are first reviewed, along with their evolving status in the critical history of Beowulf. New evidence is then adduced from the text known as Bjarkarímur, which attests to a more extensive Scandinavian tradition surrounding Beow than has previously been acknowledged. The expanded dossier of Old Norse evidence pertaining to Beow allows, in turn, for reflections on the development of traditions surrounding this figure in Anglo-Saxon England, and the manner of their transmission to Scandinavia.
SARS-CoV-2 seroepidemiology in paediatric population during Delta and Omicron predominance
Authors: Filippatos Filippos , Tatsi Elizabeth-Barbara , Dellis Charilaos , Koukou Dimitra-Maria , Papagiannopoulos Christos , Margeli Alexandra , Siahanidou Tania , Kanaka-Gantenbein Christina , Syriopoulou Vasiliki , Michos Athanasios 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Limited prospective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) data in children regarding the impact of Omicron variant in seropositivity have been reported. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in children between 1 September 2021 and 30 April 2022, representing Delta and Omicron predominance periods. Serum samples from children admitted to the major tertiary Greek paediatric hospital for any cause, except for COVID-19, were randomly collected and tested for SARS-CoV-2 natural infection antibodies against nucleocapsid antigen (Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 reagent). A total of 506/1312 (38.6%) seropositive children (0–16 years) were detected (males: 261/506(51.6%); median age (IQR): 95.2 months(24–144)). Seropositivity rates (%) increased from Delta to Omicron period from 29.7% to 48.5% (P-value<0.0001). Seropositivity increased for all age groups, except for the age group of 0–1 year (P-value:0.914). The highest seropositivity rate was detected in April 2022 (52.6%) and reached 73.9% specifically for the age group 12–16 years. No significant differences were detected in seropositivity with respect to gender, origin, or hospitalisation status. Median (IQR) antibody titres were higher in the Omicron vs. Delta period in all age groups, especially in 12–16 years [32.2 COI (7–77.1) vs. 11.4 COI(2.8–50.2), P-value:0.009). During Omicron variant period increased SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was detected in paediatric population, especially in adolescents, implicating either increased transmissibility or reinfection rates.
A sociophonetic account of gradient /z/ devoicing among Chicanx high schoolers
Authors: Holliday Nicole , Brogan Franny D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper examines final /z/ devoicing among Chicanx teens in Southern California to investigate the degree to which devoiced final /z/ neutralizes with final /s/ in this dialect. Results indicate on the one hand that devoiced /z/ remains distinct from /s/: as expected, devoiced /z/ is significantly less voiceless than /s/ and has a significantly lower center of gravity (COG). However, unexpectedly, devoiced /z/ has a significantly longer fricative duration and a significantly shorter preceding vowel duration than /s/, a pair of results that run counter to general tendencies for voiced fricatives to be shorter and have longer preceding vowels than their voiceless counterparts. We propose that these durational findings may explain, at least in part, the salience of final /z/ devoicing in Latinx Englishes despite its ubiquity among speakers of mainstream US English. In this first instrumental sociophonetic account of final /z/ devoicing in Latinx Englishes, we also find that, counter to existing segmental accounts, the morphological status of /z/ is no longer a significant predictor of devoicing. Moreover, while both following segment and speaker gender are significant predictors of devoicing, they do not condition devoicing in the expected ways.
Unravelling the pastoralist paradox – preferences for land tenure security and flexibility in Kenya
Authors: Bostedt Göran , Sandorf Erlend Dancke , Mureithi Stephen M. , Muricho Deborah N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we use a discrete choice experiment conducted among pastoralists in four different semi-arid counties in Kenya characterized by different land tenure regimes to analyze how pastoralists make tradeoffs between tenure security and grazing flexibility – the so-called pastoralist paradox. Results show that there is one group of respondents who are desperate for change and seem to prefer either group or private title deeds to their current situation. A second, smaller group has strong preferences for the status quo, which could be driven by their relatively short migration distances. Concerning index-based livestock insurance, the basis risk suffered by insured pastoralists due to underprediction is high, but willingness to pay (WTP) for livestock insurance should still be high enough to ensure maximum uptake, leaving current low uptakes hard to explain. The worry about climate change is high but does not translate into increased WTP for more secure tenure or formal livestock insurance.