bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the Cosmic Ray Impact on the TES Detectors of SPICA/SAFARI
Authors: Stockmans T. A. , Almasi A. , Stever S. L. , Khosropanah P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe data from the Planck and Herschel space observatories revealed that the cosmic rays at L2 orbit can have a significant impact on the performance of scientific instruments. In this paper, we present our simulation results of such impacts on SAFARI/SPICA, a far-infrared spectrometer equipped with transition-edge sensors (TESs). These TESs are fabricated on SiN membranes and suspended by long and thin SiN legs that thermally isolate them from the surrounding silicon structure (wafer). Cosmic rays that pass through this surrounding structure deposit a portion of their energy, leading to temperature fluctuations in the wafer. These temperature fluctuations are sensed by the TES detectors as an effective bath temperature and result in additional noise. To simulate the impact, we generate a 2D model of the wafer and the suspended TESs in COMSOL 5.4. This 2D model is bombarded with 128 randomly generated cosmic rays according to the observed energy distributions at L2. Subsequently, the temperature fluctuations at different points on the wafer are estimated. Our results show that these thermal fluctuations, as well as the calculated additional TES noise caused by them, depend strongly on the heat-sink design of the wafer. We study the impact of the different heat sink designs on the noise profile of the system. Later, these results are compared to the SAFARI instrument noise requirements.
On the M2–Brane Index on Noncommutative Crepant Resolutions
Authors: Cirafici Michele 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOn certain M-theory backgrounds which are a circle fibration over a smooth Calabi–Yau the quantum theory of M2 branes can be studied in terms of the K-theoretic Donaldson–Thomas theory on the threefold. We extend this relation to noncommutative crepant resolutions. In this case the threefold develops a singularity and classical smooth geometry is replaced by the algebra of paths of a certain quiver. K-theoretic quantities on the quiver representation moduli space can be computed via toric localization and result in certain rational functions of the toric parameters. We discuss in particular the case of the conifold and certain orbifold singularities.
The suppressive role of nanoencapsulated chia oil against DMBA-induced breast cancer through oxidative stress repression and tumor genes expression modulation in rats
Authors: El makawy Aida I. , Mabrouk Dalia M. , Mohammed Shaimaa E. , Abdel-Aziem Sekena H. , EL-Kader Heba A. Abd , Sharaf Hafiza A. , Youssef Dalia A. , Ibrahim Faten M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundChia oil is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been linked to a lower risk of many diseases, including cancer. Oil encapsulation is a method that holds promise for maintaining oil content while enhancing solubility and stability. The purpose of this study is to prepare nanoencapsulated Chia oil and investigate its suppressive effects on rat chemically induced breast cancer.MethodsThe oil was extracted from commercial Chia seeds and their fatty acids were analyzed using Gas Chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Sodium alginate was used as a loading agent to create the Chia oil nanocapsules. The DPPH assay was used to assess the oil nanocapsules' capacity to scavenge free radicals. Breast cancer induction was done by single dose subcutaneously administration of 80 mg/kg dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA). Models of breast cancer were given Chia oil nanocapsules orally for one month at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg. Through measuring intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein carbonyl, assessing the gene expression of tumor suppressor genes (BRCA 1 & 2, TP53), and conducting histopathological analysis, the suppressive effect of Chia oil nanocapsules was examined.ResultsThe increase in ROS and PC levels brought on by DMBA was significantly decreased by the administration of Chia oil nanocapsules. In tumor tissue from rats given Chia oil nanocapsules, the mRNA expression levels of BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 were controlled Histopathological analysis clarified that the tissue architecture of breast tumors was improved by nanocapsules management.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate the ability of Chia oil nanocapsules to inhibit cancer cells in the rat breast.
Does ICSI outcome in obstructive azoospermia differ according to the origin of retrieved spermatozoa or the cause of epididymal obstruction? A comparative study
Authors: Yu Xiaochen , Lu Shaoming , Yuan Mingzhen , Ma Gang , Li Xiao , Zhang Taijian , Gao Shanshan , Wei Daimin , Chen Zi-Jiang , Liu Hongbin , Zhang Haobo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether ICSI outcomes are affected by sperm source or genital tract inflammatory status.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in all consecutive obstructive azoospermia patients who underwent testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) or percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) and ICSI between February 1, 2017, and December 31, 2020. Couples were excluded if they were diagnosed with monogenic disease, abnormal karyotype, or had female uterine malformation. The primary objective was to determine whether ICSI outcomes are affected by the use of testicular or epididymal spermatozoa, and the secondary objective was to explore the effect of granulocyte elastase on ICSI outcomes using epididymal spermatozoa.ResultsCompared with TESA, inflammatory and non-inflammatory PESA patients exhibited a better high-quality embryo rate, with significant differences among the three groups (49.43 vs. 55.39% and 56.03%; odds ratio, 6.345 and 6.631; 95% confidence interval, 0.340–12.350, and 1.712–11.550;P = 0.038 andP = 0.008, respectively). The fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, live birth delivery rate, and congenital anomaly birth rate were similar in patients who underwent TESA or PESA (with or without inflammation).ConclusionsThe high-quality embryo rate in PESA patients was higher than that in TESA patients. After successful pregnancy, ICSI outcomes did not differ between patients with obstructive azoospermia who experienced TESA or PESA and those with or without genital tract inflammation.
Differentiating and Quantifying Carbonaceous (Tire, Bitumen, and Road Marking Wear) and Non-carbonaceous (Metals, Minerals, and Glass Beads) Non-exhaust Particles in Road Dust Samples from a Traffic Environment
Authors: Järlskog Ida , Jaramillo-Vogel David , Rausch Juanita , Perseguers Sébastien , Gustafsson Mats , Strömvall Ann-Margret , Andersson-Sköld Yvonne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTires, bitumen, and road markings are important sources of traffic-derived carbonaceous wear particles and microplastic (MP) pollution. In this study, we further developed a machine-learning algorithm coupled to an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analytical approach to classify and quantify the relative number of the following subclasses contained in environmental road dust: tire wear particles (TWP), bitumen wear particles (BiWP), road markings, reflecting glass beads, metallics, minerals, and biogenic/organics. The method is non-destructive, rapid, repeatable, and enables information about the size, shape, and elemental composition of particles 2–125 µm. The results showed that the method enabled differentiation between TWP and BiWP for particles > 20 µm with satisfying results. Furthermore, the relative number concentration of the subclasses was similar in both analyzed size fractions (2–20 µm and 20–125 µm), with minerals as the most dominant subclass (2–20 µm x̄ = 78%, 20–125 µm x̄ = 74%) followed by tire and bitumen wear particles, TBiWP, (2–20 µm x̄ = 19%, 20–125 µm x̄ = 22%). Road marking wear, glass beads, and metal wear contributed to x̄ = 1%, x̄ = 0.1%, and x̄ = 1% in the 2–20-µm fraction and to x̄ = 0.5%, x̄ = 0.2%, and x̄ = 0.4% in the 20–125-µm fraction. The present results show that road dust appreciably consists of TWP and BiWP within both the coarse and the fine size fraction. The study delivers quantitative evidence of the importance of tires, bitumen, road marking, and glass beads besides minerals and metals to wear particles and MP pollution in traffic environments based on environmental (real-world) samples
Noise-resistant and scalable collective preference learning via ranked voting in swarm robotics
Authors: Shan Qihao , Mostaghim Sanaz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSwarm robotics studies how to use large groups of cooperating robots to perform designated tasks. Given the need for scalability, individual members of the swarm usually have only limited sensory capabilities, which can be unreliable in noisy situations. One way to address this shortcoming is via collective decision-making, and utilizing peer-to-peer local interactions to enhance the behavioral performances of the whole swarm of intelligent agents. In this paper, we address a collective preference learning scenario, where agents seek to rank a series of given sites according to a preference order. We have proposed and tested a novel ranked voting-based strategy to perform the designated task. We use two variants of a belief fusion-based strategy as benchmarks. We compare the considered algorithms in terms of accuracy and precision of decisions as well as the convergence time. We have tested the considered algorithms in various noise levels, evidence rates, and swarm sizes. We have concluded that the proposed ranked voting approach is significantly cheaper and more accurate, at the cost of less precision and longer convergence time. It is especially advantageous compared to the benchmark when facing high noise or large swarm size.
Temporal increase in the extent of Sardinian pine formations
Authors: Calvia G. , Bonari G. , Angiolini C. , Farris E. , Fenu G. , Bacchetta G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTemporal changes in the distribution range of plant communities and habitats should be considered for optimal conservation. However, this information is often lacking. In this research, we investigated the changes in the spatial distribution pattern of the plant communities characterised by the presence of three Mediterranean pines considered native or putative native to Sardinia (Italy), namely Pinus halepensis, P. pinaster, and P. pinea. We analysed historical and current aerial photographs to prepare maps of the past and current distribution of natural pine formations, complemented with the aid of pine-related toponymy maps and interviews with local people. We calculated how the surface of natural pine formations varied across time, and found a high rate of recovery during the last decades. This rate is doubled when compared to the average extent of other Sardinian woody formations in the same period. Among the three pine species, the area of P. halepensis and P. pinaster formations increased the most. We also found that about 90% of pine formations fall within protected areas. More than 128 ha of natural pine formations are included in the priority habitat 2270, while those included in habitat 9540 cover 1100 ha. Our study provides a complete survey of the distribution of natural Sardinian pine formations, along with the quantification of their increase in the last decades, thus highlighting the importance of diachronic analyses for monitoring spatial changes in plant communities. We suggest considering the trends in the extent of vegetation formations and habitats for conservation purposes.
Regional gap in students’ performance at the quantiles
Authors: Furno Marilena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe average math score in Italy sizably improved in 2009. The quantile regression analysis shows that the determinants of the improvement are related to school resources. The decomposition at the quantiles shows that school characteristics are relevant in the north-center regions. In the south are relevant both covariates and coefficients. The coefficient component is unexplained by the model and is linked to changes in students' attitude, to a more favorable disciplinary climate. The southern regions gap decreases but does not disappear. The improved southern students’ attitude toward school, if supported by improvements in school characteristics, could further reduce the regional gap.
Volumetric Pouch Study After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Ali Reda F. , Tolba Mohamed , Ismail Khalid , Ismail Taha , Lamey Ahmed , Balbaa Mostafa F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is considerably utilized as a bariatric method for treating morbid obesity through the reduction of stomach volume. The present study attempted to assess the volumetric changes of the gastric reservoir 1 year after LSG using multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) as well as to verify their association with weight loss. The current study is a prospective study of 40 consecutive morbid obese patients managed with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. All patients were referred to abdominal MSCT besides volumetric measurement of the gastric pouch 1 month and 12 months postoperatively after the LSG. There were statistically substantial differences throughout the whole period of follow-up (p value ≤ 0.05) regarding the ratio of excess weight loss, weight loss, and decreased BMI, in addition to the ratio of excess body mass index loss (% EBMIL) after LSG. Substantial elevation of the overall volume of the gastric reservoir (82.9 SD11 and 171.6 SD23.6 ml at 1 and 12 months, respectively) was observed. However, the current findings did not demonstrate any significant association (r = 0.131, p = 0.491) between excess weight loss percentage and the increase in gastric reservoir volume 1 year postoperatively. Sleeve dilatation is a common finding following sleeve gastrectomy (SG) even after conducting a narrow gastric pouch, yet dilatation was not correlated with insufficient weight loss after 1 year postoperatively. Trial registration number: NCT04880902.
The Greek sovereign debt crisis as an important chapter in the history of the European Monetary Union: empirical evidence and some thoughts on implications for investors and financial risk managers
Authors: Tholl Johannes , Schwarzbach Christoph 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAfter the burst of the US real estate price bubble in 2008, the events in Greece played, at least for some time, a unique role on the path towards the European sovereign debt crisis. We examine this issue empirically and then discuss some relevant questions for policymakers, regulators, fixed income investors, and financial risk managers. Our findings should be of interest when modeling risk premia determined in the market for sovereign bonds issued by countries that have introduced the Euro. Given the exposure of the European insurance industry to these fixed-income securities, the results are important for asset managers and financial risk managers that are working in this segment of the financial services industry.
A Functional Model for Studying Common Trends Across Trial Time in Eye Tracking Experiments
Authors: Dong Mingfei , Telesca Donatello , Sugar Catherine , Shic Frederick , Naples Adam , Johnson Scott P. , Li Beibin , Atyabi Adham , Xie Minhang , Webb Sara J. , Jeste Shafali , Faja Susan , Levin April R. , Dawson Geraldine , McPartland James C. , Şentürk Damla ,   the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials
Published: September 2022

AbstractEye tracking (ET) experiments commonly record the continuous trajectory of a subject’s gaze on a two-dimensional screen throughout repeated presentations of stimuli (referred to as trials). Even though the continuous path of gaze is recorded during each trial, commonly derived outcomes for analysis collapse the data into simple summaries, such as looking times in regions of interest, latency to looking at stimuli, number of stimuli viewed, number of fixations, or fixation length. In order to retain information in trial time, we utilize functional data analysis (FDA) for the first time in literature in the analysis of ET data. More specifically, novel functional outcomes for ET data, referred to as viewing profiles, are introduced that capture the common gazing trends across trial time which are lost in traditional data summaries. Mean and variation of the proposed functional outcomes across subjects are then modeled using functional principal component analysis. Applications to data from a visual exploration paradigm conducted by the Autism Biomarkers Consortium for Clinical Trials showcase the novel insights gained from the proposed FDA approach, including significant group differences between children diagnosed with autism and their typically developing peers in their consistency of looking at faces early on in trial time.
Being Informed or Getting the Product?
Authors: Wrabel Andrea , Kupfer Alexander , Zimmermann Steffen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractScarcity cues, which are increasingly implemented on e-commerce platforms, are known to impair cognitive processes and influence consumers’ decision-making by increasing perceived product value and purchase intention. Another feature present on e-commerce platforms are online consumer reviews (OCRs) which have become one of the most important information sources on e-commerce platforms in the last two decades. Nevertheless, little is known about how the presence of scarcity cues affects consumers’ processing of textual review information. Consequently, it is unclear whether OCRs can counteract the effects of scarcity or whether OCRs are neglected due to scarcity cues. To address this gap, this study examines the effects of limited-quantity scarcity cues on online purchase decisions when participants have the possibility to evaluate textual review information. The results of the experimental study indicate that scarcity lowers participants’ processing of textual review information. This in turn increases perceived product value and has considerable negative consequences for the final purchase decision if the scarcity cue is displayed next to a low-quality product. The study’s findings provide relevant insights and implications for e-commerce platforms and policymakers alike. In particular, it highlights that e-commerce platforms can easily (ab)use scarcity cues to reduce consumers’ processing of textual review information in order to increase the demand for low-quality products. Consequently, policymakers should be aware of this mechanism and consider potential countermeasures to protect consumers.
Digital technology in physical education: a systematic review of research from 2009 to 2020
Authors: Jastrow Florian , Greve Steffen , Thumel Mareike , Diekhoff Henrike , Süßenbach Jessica 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDigital media is currently one of the defining topics in discussions about schools and teaching. In this context, there has been a wide range of research in physical education (PE) in areas such as health, gamification, and wearable technologies. This raises the question of the goals pursued by empirical studies regarding the use of digital media in PE. The present systematic review provides an overview of the state of research in English and German on the use of digital media in PE. To this end, the included studies were those published between 2009 and 2020 in journals or edited volumes or as dissertations. They were found in relevant databases, selected based on criterion-guided screening, and transferred to the synthesis. Overall, this systematic review presents the possibilities and limitations of digital media in PE and highlights the goals regarding the use of digital media in PE that are pursued by empirical studies in the categories of physical, cognitive, social, affective, and school framework conditions. While benefits from the usage of digital media in PE—such as in terms of motivation or improving sport-specific motor capabilities and skills—were identified, barriers regarding the preparation of PE teachers were also found. More specifically, the benefits of using digital media to achieve PE-related goals were in the foreground in many of the selected studies. However, only a few specifically addressed learning via media, including topics such as data protection and the effect that viewing images has on students’ self-concepts.
A comparison of in-house and shared RapidPlan models for prostate radiation therapy planning
Authors: Claridge Mackonis E. , Sykes J. , Hardcastle N. , Espinoza A. , Brown A. , Perez G. , Evans B. , Sheehan H. , Haworth A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractKnowledge-based planning (KBP) can increase plan quality, consistency and efficiency. In this study, we assess the success of a using a publicly available KBP model compared with developing an in-house model for prostate cancer radiotherapy using a single, commercially available treatment planning system based on the ability of the model to achieve the centre’s planning goals. Two radiation oncology centres each created a prostate cancer KBP model using the Eclipse RapidPlan software. These two models and a third publicly-available, shared model were tested at three centres in a retrospective planning study. The publicly-available model achieved lower rectum doses than the other two models. However, the planning-target-volume (PTV) doses did not meet the local planning goals and the model could not be adjusted to correct this. As a result, the plans most likely to satisfy local planning goals and requirements were created using an in-house model. For centres without an existing in-house model, a model created by another centre with similar planning goals was found to be preferred. Variations in local planning practices including contouring, treatment technique and planning goals can influence the relative performance of KBP. The value of publicly available KBP models could be enhanced through standardisation of planning goals and contouring guidelines, providing information related to the planning goals used to create the model and increased flexibility to allow local adaptation of the KBP model.
Prader–Willi Syndrome in Adults: An Update On Nutritional Treatment and Pharmacological Approach
Authors: Barrea Luigi , Vetrani Claudia , Fintini Danilo , de Alteriis Giulia , Panfili Filippo Maria , Bocchini Sarah , Verde Ludovica , Colao Annamaria , Savastano Silvia , Muscogiuri Giovanna 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare and complex genetic disorder with multiple effects on the metabolic, endocrine, and neurological systems, as well as behavioral and intellectual difficulties. Despite advances in understanding the genetic basis of obesity in PWS, there are conflicting data on its management. Therefore, the present manuscript aims to provide an update on the nutritional treatment and pharmacological approach in adult patients with PWS.

Recent Findings
The management of obesity in patients with PWS is challenging and requires the cooperation of an experienced multidisciplinary team, including the nutritionist. An adequate clinical evaluation including nutritional and biochemical parameters should be performed to tailor the best therapeutic strategy. Both lifestyle and pharmacological interventions may represent useful strategies to prevent the high rate of morbidity and mortality related to PWS. The use of bariatric surgery is still controversial.

Summary
Although it is imperative to adopt an obesity prevention strategy in childhood, there is promising evidence for the treatment of obesity in adulthood with current obesity medications in conjunction with lifestyle interventions