bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Prognosis and Cardiac Function According to Required Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Support and Histological Findings in Patients With Fulminant Myocarditis: Insights From the CHANGE PUMP 2 Study
Authors: Kondo Toru , Okumura Takahiro , Shibata Naoki , Imaizumi Takahiro , Dohi Kaoru , Izawa Hideo , Ohte Nobuyuki , Amano Tetsuya , Murohara Toyoaki 
Published: February 2022

Background
Prognoses and long‐term cardiac function of patients with fulminant myocarditis have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we clarified the prognoses and long‐term cardiac function according to required percutaneous mechanical circulatory support and histological findings among patients with fulminant myocarditis.

Methods and Results

We conducted a multicenter retrospective medical record review of 216 patients with fulminant myocarditis requiring percutaneous mechanical circulatory support. Sixty‐one patients were treated with intra‐aortic balloon pump or Impella alone, and 155 patients received veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and were treated with or without intra‐aortic balloon pump or Impella. Histologically, 107 patients had lymphocytic myocarditis; 34, eosinophilic myocarditis; and 4, giant cell myocarditis. Freedom from composite end point (death, durable left ventricular assist device implantation, and heart transplantation) was 66% at 90 days, 62% at 1 year, and 57% at 6 years. Veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation use was associated with poor prognosis in the multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR], 5.27; 95% CI, 1.60–17.36). The eosinophilic myocarditis subgroup showed better prognosis (HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.10–0.80) compared with the lymphocytic myocarditis subgroup but not in the multivariable analysis. Ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation rhythm at admission, high C‐reactive protein level, and no endomyocardial biopsy were also associated with poor prognosis. The left ventricular ejection fraction at 1 year was ≤50% in 16% of patients and was lower in patients with eosinophilic myocarditis (median: 57.9% [48.8–65.0%]) than in those with lymphocytic myocarditis (65.0% [58.6–68.7%]) (
P
=0.036).

Conclusions
Patients with fulminant myocarditis who received veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation had a poor prognosis. Long‐term cardiac function was impaired in some patients, especially those with eosinophilic myocarditis.
Teleproctoring for Training in Structural Heart Interventions: Initial Real‐World Experience During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Beyhoff Niklas , Zhu Miry , Zanders Lukas , Leistner David M. , Nobles Anthony , Schroeder Mark , Barbieri Fabian , Landmesser Ulf , Reinthaler Markus 
Published: February 2022

Background
Proctoring represents a cornerstone in the acquisition of state‐of‐the‐art cardiovascular interventions. Yet, travel restrictions and containment measures during the COVID‐19 pandemic limited on‐site proctoring for training and expert support in interventional cardiology.

Methods and Results
We established a teleproctoring setup for training in a novel patent foramen ovale closure device system (NobleStitch EL, HeartStitch Inc, Fountain Valley, CA) at our institution using web‐based real‐time bidirectional audiovisual communication. A total of 6 patients with prior paradoxical embolic stroke and a right‐to‐left shunt of grade 2 or 3 were treated under remote proctorship after 3 cases were performed successfully under on‐site proctorship. No major device/procedure‐related adverse events occurred, and none of the patients had a residual right‐to‐left shunt of grade 1 or higher after the procedure. Additionally, we sought to provide an overview of current evidence available for teleproctoring in interventional cardiology. Literature review was performed identifying 6 previous reports on teleproctoring for cardiovascular interventions, most of which were related to the current COVID‐19 pandemic. In all reports, teleproctoring was carried out in similar settings with comparable setups; no major adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
Teleproctoring may represent a feasible and safe tool for location‐independent and cost‐effective training in a novel patent foramen ovale closure device system. Future prospective trials comparing teleproctoring with traditional on‐site proctoring are warranted.
GCKIII (Germinal Center Kinase III) Kinases STK24 and STK25 (Serine/Threonine Kinase 24 and 25) Inhibit Cavernoma Development
Authors: Sartages Miriam , García-Colomer Mar , Iglesias Cristina , Howell Brian W. , Macía Manuel , Peña Patricia , Pombo Celia M. , Zalvide Juan 
Published: February 2022

Background:

Cavernous cerebral malformations can arise because of mutations in the
CCM1
,
CCM2
, or
CCM3
genes, and lack of
Cdc42
has also been reported to induce these malformations in mice. However, the role of the CCM3 (cerebral cavernous malformation 3)-associated kinases in cavernoma development is not known, and we, therefore, have investigated their role in the process.

Methods:

We used a combination of an in vivo approach, using mice genetically modified to be deficient in the CCM3-associated kinases STK24 and STK25 (serine/threonine kinases 24 and 25), and the in vitro model of human endothelial cells in which expression of
STK24
and
STK25
was inhibited by RNA interference.

Results:

Mice deficient for both
Stk24
and
Stk25
, but not for either of them individually, developed aggressive vascular lesions with the characteristics of cavernomas at an early age.
Stk25
deficiency also gave rise to vascular anomalies in the context of
Stk24
heterozygosity. Human endothelial cells deficient for both kinases phenocopied several of the consequences of
CCM3
loss, and single
STK25
deficiency also induced
KLF2
expression, Golgi dispersion, altered distribution of β-catenin, and appearance of stress fibers.

Conclusions:
The CCM3-associated kinases STK24 and STK25 play a major role in the inhibition of cavernoma development.
Dealing with Disagreements: Looking Beyond the Majority Vote in Subjective Annotations
Authors: Davani Aida Mostafazadeh , Díaz Mark , Prabhakaran Vinodkumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMajority voting and averaging are common approaches used to resolve annotator disagreements and derive single ground truth labels from multiple annotations. However, annotators may systematically disagree with one another, often reflecting their individual biases and values, especially in the case of subjective tasks such as detecting affect, aggression, and hate speech. Annotator disagreements may capture important nuances in such tasks that are often ignored while aggregating annotations to a single ground truth. In order to address this, we investigate the efficacy of multi-annotator models. In particular, our multi-task based approach treats predicting each annotators’ judgements as separate subtasks, while sharing a common learned representation of the task. We show that this approach yields same or better performance than aggregating labels in the data prior to training across seven different binary classification tasks. Our approach also provides a way to estimate uncertainty in predictions, which we demonstrate better correlate with annotation disagreements than traditional methods. Being able to model uncertainty is especially useful in deployment scenarios where knowing when not to make a prediction is important.
A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Barytelphusa (Decapoda, Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae) from the Eastern Ghats of India
Authors: Mandal Sudipta , Mitra Santanu , Laskar Boni A. , Adimalla Harikumar , Jaiswal Deepa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A new species of gecarcinucid crab, Barytelphusa choprai sp. nov., is described here from the Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh state of India. The new species differs from all three congeners by its convex and trapezoidal carapace, pale white colouration, and by a distinct structure of the male gonopod G1. It differs from its congeners by genetic distance (p-distance) in the range of 5.7-13.6% in partial mtCOI gene sequence. The habitat at the type locality is a slow flowing shallow stream with rocky substratum, covered with silt and debris, and devoid of aquatic vegetation.
Hamaticolax physiculi sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) parasitic in the bucco-branchial cavity of Physiculus japonicus Hilgendorf, 1879 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Moridae)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hamaticolax physiculi sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes and copepodids IV and V female recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the Japanese codling Physiculus japonicus Hilgendorf, 1879 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Moridae), captured on the upper continental slope, off the Pacific coast of, mainly, Mie Prefecture. Pre-mature mate guarding of a mature male on an immature female is observed in the species.
Bioscatter Characteristics Related to Inversion Variability in Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Van Den Broeke Matthew S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tropical cyclones (TCs) routinely transport organisms at their centers of circulation. The TC center of circulation is also often marked by an inversion, and the height of the inversion base may change as the TC intensifies or weakens. In this study, a dataset of 49 dropsonde-measured inversions in 20 separate Atlantic Ocean TCs is compared with spatiotemporally collocated polarimetric radar measurements of bioscatter. Bioscatter signature maximum altitude is found to be a function of temperature lapse rate across the inversion base (r = 0.473), and higher inversion bases were generally associated with denser bioscatter signatures, especially when strong hurricanes (minimum pressure < 950 hPa) were considered (r = 0.601). Characteristics of the bioscatter signature had some skill in predicting TC inversion characteristics (adjusted r2 of 16%–40%), although predictability was increased when TC intensity was also included as a predictor (adjusted r2 of 40%–59%). These results indicate promise for using the bioscatter signature to monitor the TC inversion and represent an example of a situation in which the behavior of organisms in the airspace may be indicative of ongoing atmospheric processes.

Significance Statement
Tropical cyclone centers of circulation are often associated with an inversion, the base of which changes altitude with system strengthening and weakening. They may also contain a radar-observable bioscatter signature. In this study, we wanted to determine how the bioscatter signature relates to inversion characteristics for the benefit of meteorologists and biologists. Bioscatter signature characteristics were related to strength of the temperature and dewpoint lapse rates across the inversion base, and deeper/denser bioscatter signatures were typically associated with higher inversion bases. The findings suggest that trends in tropical cyclone inversion characteristics could be remotely monitored via the bioscatter signature. They also support prior speculation that some birds may seek the relatively laminar flow above an inversion base.
Effects of an Integrated Treatment Program on Grief and Distress Among Parentally Bereaved Young Adults
Authors: Harrsen Kristine , Tølbøll Marie Marx , Larsen Lene Holm 
Published: February 2022

This study examined the effectiveness of an 18-session manualized integrative group psychotherapy intervention for parentally bereaved young adults with grief complications. Participants, 63 young adults aged 20–27 years, completed questionnaires assessing symptoms of prolonged grief, PTSD, depression and anxiety prior to and following treatment. Treatment effectiveness was assessed by comparing outcomes for the intervention group to a waitlist comparison group. Results revealed a statistically significant reduction in symptoms of grief (large effects size), PTSD (medium effect sizes), and depression (medium effect size). The treatment did not result in a significant reduction in anxiety symptoms. The study provided preliminary support for this intervention for parentally bereaved young adults.
Experiences of staff providing specialist palliative care during COVID-19: a multiple qualitative case study
Authors: Bradshaw Andy , Dunleavy Lesley , Garner Ian , Preston Nancy , Bajwah Sabrina , Cripps Rachel , Fraser Lorna K , Maddocks Matthew , Hocaoglu Mevhibe , Murtagh Fliss EM , Oluyase Adejoke O , Sleeman Katherine E , Higginson Irene J , Walshe Catherine 
Published: February 2022

Summary Objective To explore the experiences of, and impact on, staff working in palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Qualitative multiple case study using semi-structured interviews between November 2020 and April 2021 as part of the CovPall study. Data were analysed using thematic framework analysis. Setting Organisations providing specialist palliative services in any setting. Participants Staff working in specialist palliative care, purposefully sampled by the criteria of role, care setting and COVID-19 experience. Main outcome measures Experiences of working in palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Five cases and 24 participants were recruited (n = 12 nurses, 4 clinical managers, 4 doctors, 2 senior managers, 1 healthcare assistant, 1 allied healthcare professional). Central themes demonstrate how infection control constraints prohibited and diluted participants’ ability to provide care that reflected their core values, resulting in experiences of moral distress. Despite organisational, team and individual support strategies, continually managing these constraints led to a ‘crescendo effect’ in which the impacts of moral distress accumulated over time, sometimes leading to burnout. Solidarity with colleagues and making a valued contribution provided ‘moral comfort’ for some. Conclusions This study provides a unique insight into why and how healthcare staff have experienced moral distress during the pandemic, and how organisations have responded. Despite their experience of dealing with death and dying, the mental health and well-being of palliative care staff was affected by the pandemic. Organisational, structural and policy changes are urgently required to mitigate and manage these impacts.
Using Machine Learning to Predict Operating Room Case Duration: A Case Study in Otolaryngology
Authors: Miller Lauren E. , Goedicke William , Crowson Matthew G. , Rathi Vinay K. , Naunheim Matthew R. , Agarwala Aalok V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveOptimizing operating room (OR) efficiency depends on accurate case duration estimates. Machine learning (ML) methods have been used to predict OR case durations in other subspecialties. We hypothesize that ML methods improve projected case lengths over existing non‐ML techniques for otolaryngology–head and neck surgery cases.MethodsDeidentified patient information from otolaryngology surgical cases at 1 academic institution were reviewed from 2016 to 2020. Variables collected included patient, surgeon, procedure, and facility data known preoperatively so as to capture all realistic contributors. Available case data were divided into a training and testing data set. Several ML algorithms were evaluated based on best performance of predicted case duration when compared to actual case duration. Performance of all models was compared by the average root mean squared error and mean absolute error (MAE).ResultsIn total, 50,888 otolaryngology surgical cases were evaluated with an average case duration of 98.3 ± 86.9 minutes. Most cases were general otolaryngology (n = 16,620). Case features closely associated with OR duration included procedure performed, surgeon, subspecialty of case, and postoperative destination of the patient. The best‐performing ML models were CatBoost and XGBoost, which reduced operative time MAE by 9.6 minutes and 8.5 minutes compared to current methods, respectively.DiscussionThe incorporation of other easily identifiable features beyond procedure performed and surgeon meaningfully improved our operative duration prediction accuracy. CatBoost provided the best‐performing ML model.Implications for PracticeML algorithms to predict OR case time duration in otolaryngology can improve case duration accuracy and result in financial benefit.
Sex Disparities in Pediatric Acute Rhinosinusitis: A National Perspective
Authors: Shah Vraj P. , Haimowitz Sean Z. , Desai Amar D. , Barron Kendyl , Patel Prayag , Fang Christina H. , Grube Jordon G. , Baredes Soly , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to provide an age‐stratified analysis of associations with patient sex in pediatric inpatients with acute rhinosinusitis (ARS).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNational administrative database.MethodsThe 2016 Kids’ Inpatient Database was queried for pediatric inpatients (<21 years old) with ARS (ICD‐10J01). Orbital and intracranial sequelae were selected viaICD‐10codes. Statistical associations by sex were determined via univariate and multivariable analyses. Weighted measures are reported to provide national estimates.ResultsOf the 5882 patients identified with ARS, 2404 (40.9%) were female and 3478 (59.1%) were male. Male patients were younger than female patients (mean, 9.3 vs 9.9 years;P<. 001). Multivariable analysis indicated that males and females had similar total charges ($71,094 vs $66,892,P=. 464) and length of stay (5.8 vs 6.1 days,P=. 263). However, male patients underwent more procedures (1.8 vs 1.5,P<. 001). Mortality was similar between male and female patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.91;P=. 664). Male patients also had increased odds for having orbital (OR, 1.58;P<. 001) and intracranial (OR, 1.99;P<. 001) complications. Differences in sex‐dependent sequela risk were starkest in patients aged 14 to 20 years, with male patients being more likely to have orbital (OR, 2.91;P<. 001) and intracranial (OR, 3.86;P<. 001) complications.ConclusionIn a cohort of pediatric inpatients with ARS, males have increased odds for orbital and intracranial sequelae and undergo more procedures than females. However, males and females have similar charges and length of stay. Our study highlights age‐stratified differences in ARS across patient sex.
A Systematic Review of Head and Neck Cancer Health Disparities: A Call for Innovative Research
Authors: Nallani Rohit , Subramanian Thamara L. , Ferguson‐Square Kiatana M. , Smith Joshua B. , White Jacob , Chiu Alexander G. , Francis Carrie L. , Sykes Kevin J. 
Published: February 2022

Objective(1) Describe the existing head and neck cancer health disparities literature. (2) Contextualize these studies by using the NIMHD research framework (National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities). (3) Explore innovative ideas for further study and intervention.Data SourcesOvid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.Review MethodsDatabases were systematically searched from inception to April 20, 2020. The PRISMA checklist was followed (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses). Two authors reviewed all articles for inclusion. Extracted data included health disparity population and outcomes, study details, and main findings and recommendations. Articles were also classified per the NIMHD research framework.ResultsThere were 148 articles included for final review. The majority (n = 104) focused on health disparities related to at least race/ethnicity. Greater than two‐thirds of studies (n = 105) identified health disparities specific to health behaviors or clinical outcomes. Interaction between the individual domain of influence and the health system level of influence was most discussed (n = 99, 66.9%). Less than half of studies (n = 61) offered specific recommendations or interventions.ConclusionsThere has been extensive study of health disparities for head and neck cancer, largely focusing on individual patient factors or health care access and quality. This review identifies gaps in this research, with large numbers of retrospective database studies and little discussion of potential contributors and explanations for these disparities. We recommend shifting research on disparities upstream toward a focus on community and societal factors, rather than individual, and an evaluation of interventions to promote health equity.
Sense of Alienation and Its Associations With Depressive Symptoms and Poor Sleep Quality in Older Adults Who Experienced the Lockdown in Wuhan, China, During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chen Wen-Cai , Chen Si-Jing , Zhong Bao-Liang 
Published: February 2022

Objective To examine the epidemiology of sense of alienation (SoA) and its associations with depressive symptoms and poor sleep quality (PSQ) in Chinese older adults who experienced lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. Background There is a dearth of data on SoA in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Altogether, 543 community-dwelling older adults (50+ years) were recruited via the three-tier mental health network in Wuhan, China, and completed an online questionnaire in April 2020, the first month after the reopening of Wuhan. SoA, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality were measured by using the General Social Alienation Scale, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and a single standardized question, respectively. Results The prevalence of SoA was 52.3% (95% confidence interval: 48.1–56.5%). Factors associated with higher levels of SoA were religious belief (β = 1.960, P = .024), monthly family income<4000 RMB (β = 1.405, P = .022), unemployment (β = 1.217, P = .039), fair or poor physical health (β = 2.202, P = .002), never and sometimes receiving community support (β = 2.297, P < .001 and β = 3.417, P < .001), perceiving a low possibility of a cure for COVID-19 (β = 2.379, P < .001), and affirmative and unsure fear of COVID-19 patients (β = 2.025, P = .007 and β = 1.101, P = .027). After adjusting for sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables, a one-SD increment in the SoA score was significantly associated with depressive symptoms (Odd Ratio [OR] = 5.59, P < .001) and poor sleep quality (Odd Ratio = 2.00, P < .001). Conclusion Over half of the older adults who experienced lockdown felt alienated, and SoA was independently associated with their depressive symptoms and PSQ. Efforts are warranted to address SoA in older adults who experienced lockdown during the pandemic.