bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive clipping‐and‐redistribution algorithms for bounded and conservative high‐order interpolations applied to discontinuous and reactive flows
Authors: Overton‐Katz Nathaniel , Gao Xinfeng , Johansen Hans , Guzik Stephen M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new adaptive clipping‐and‐redistribution method is presented which provides bounds‐preservation for multidimensional interpolation in the context of high‐order finite‐volume discretizations with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR). The underlying finite‐volume method (FVM) for the computational fluid dynamics applications is fourth‐order accurate for smooth solutions and utilizes AMR for computational efficiency in solving multiscale problems involving turbulence and combustion. High‐order interpolation between different AMR levels is required. However, this operation often leads to numerical issues because combustion species must have physical bounds preserved. The present study overcomes two major challenges in the development of the high‐order interpolation method. First, the method needs to be bound‐preserving near extrema or discontinuities to prevent the emergence of unphysical oscillations while maintaining fourth‐order accuracy in smooth flows. Second, the method needs to satisfy the conservation requirement in multiple dimensions, particularly in the context of curvilinear coordinate transformations. Additionally, the method is designed to be localized and computationally inexpensive. The new interpolation scheme is demonstrated by solving reacting flows, which are extremely sensitive to unphysical overshoots in conserved quantities. The test problems are shock‐induced ‐ combustion and a ‐air flame in a practical bluff‐body combustor. Results show the method prevents new extrema near discontinuities while maintaining high‐order accuracy in smooth regions. In particular, the method is extremely beneficial for combustion with stiff chemistry. With the proposed new method, even if flame fronts cross AMR interfaces or new grids are created in the vicinity of the flame, solution stability is retained.
Turning and multitask gait unmask gait disturbance in mild‐to‐moderate multiple sclerosis: Underlying specific cortical thinning and connecting fibers damage
Authors: Chen Qingmeng , Hattori Takaaki , Tomisato Hiroshi , Ohara Masahiro , Hirata Kosei , Yokota Takanori ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) causes gait and cognitive impairments that are partially normalized by compensatory mechanisms. We aimed to identify the gait tasks that unmask gait disturbance and the underlying neural correlates in MS. We included 25 patients with MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale score: median 2.0, interquartile range 1.0–2.5) and 19 healthy controls. Fast‐paced gait examinations with inertial measurement units were conducted, including straight or circular walking with or without cognitive/motor tasks, and the timed up and go test (TUG). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to distinguish both groups by the gait parameters. The correlation between gait parameters and cortical thickness or fractional anisotropy values was examined by using three‐dimensional T1‐weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging, respectively (corrected p < .05). Total TUG duration (>6.0 s, sensitivity 88.0%, specificity 84.2%) and stride velocity during cognitive dual‐task circular walking (<1.12 m/s, 84.0%, 84.2%) had the highest discriminative power of the two groups. Deterioration of these gait parameters was correlated with thinner cortical thickness in regional areas, including the left precuneus and left temporoparietal junction, overlapped with parts of the default mode network, ventral attention network, and frontoparietal network. Total TUG duration was negatively correlated with fractional anisotropy values in the deep cerebral white matter areas. Turning and multitask gait may be optimal to unveil partially compensated gait disturbance in patients with mild‐to‐moderate MS through dynamic balance control and multitask processing, based on the structural damage in functional networks.
Identification of MET fusions in solid tumors: A multicenter, large scale study in China
Authors: Yang Wenhui , Zhao Ximeng , Zheng Aiwen , Liu Zhengchuang , Ma Jie , Zhang Xiang , Li Wei , Wang Dan , Zhu Jianhua , Tao Houquan , Zhang Yanxiang , Ma Tonghui , Liu Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMET amplification and exon 14 skipping are well known as oncogenic drivers in multiple cancer types. However, MET fusions in most cancer types are poorly defined. To explore the profile and analyze the characteristics of MET fusions, a large‐cohort study was conducted to screen MET fusions in clinical samples (n = 10 882) using DNA‐based NGS. A total of 37 potentially functional MET fusions containing the intact tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) of MET were identified in 36 samples. Further, 15 novel MET fusions were identified in five cancer types, and the incidence of novel MET fusions accounted for 40.5% (15/37). Brain cancer had the highest incidence of MET fusion, with PTPRZ1‐MET as the most common fusion (37.0%). All MET breakpoints in brain cancer (n = 27) were also located in intron 1, while those in lung cancer (n = 4) occurred in intron 1, intron 11, intron 14 and exon 14, respectively. The positive consistency of the common fusion group was 100% (11/11), while that of the rare fusion group was 53.8% (7/13). In conclusion, we provided a comprehensive genomic landscape of MET rearrangement and updated the MET fusions database for clinical test. In addition, we revealed that DNA‐based NGS might serve as the clinical test for common MET fusions; however, rare MET fusions must be validated by both DNA‐based NGS and RNA‐based NGS. Prospective trials are necessary to confirm the treatment efficacy of MET inhibitors.
Experiences with thermal ablation for cervical precancer treatment after self‐collection HPV‐based screening in the ASPIRE Mayuge randomized trial
Authors: Gottschlich Anna , Payne Beth A. , Trawin Jessica , Albert Arianne , Jeronimo Jose , Mitchell‐Foster Sheona , Mithani Nadia , Namugosa Ruth , Naguti Priscilla , Orem Jackson , Rawat Angeli , Simelela Princess Nothemba , Singer Joel , Smith Laurie W. , van Niekerk Dirk , Nakisige Carolyn , Ogilvie Gina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCervical cancer remains a significant public health burden in low‐resourced countries. Thus, the WHO prioritized cervix screening, and recently recommended thermal ablation treatment for cervical precancer. However, there is limited information on side effects during treatment and recovery, and acceptability among those treated. The ASPIRE Mayuge trial recruited women to participate in self‐collection cervix screening between 2019 and 2020 (N = 2019). Screen‐positive women (N = 531, 26.3%) were referred for visual inspection with acetic acid and thermal ablation treatment, per Uganda Ministry of Health recommendations; 71.2% of those referred attended follow‐up. Six months post‐screening, a subset of trial participants were recontacted. Those who received thermal ablation completed a survey assessing side effects during and after the procedure, and willingness to recommend the treatment to others. We summarized the results to describe the side effects and acceptability of thermal ablation treatment. Of 2019 participants, 349 (17%) received thermal ablation. A subset of 135 completed the follow‐up survey, where 90% reported pain during treatment; however, intensity and duration were low. Over a third of women reported problems with recovery for reasons including pain, discharge and bleeding. Regardless, 98% reported they would recommend the treatment to others. The use of thermal ablation to treat cervical precancer appears to be highly acceptable in this population. While many women reported side effects during the procedure and recovery, the majority said they would recommend the treatment to others. However, given the substantial proportion who reported problems with recovery, efforts should be made to provide additional resources to women after receiving thermal ablation treatment for cervical precancer.
The new Colombian law on abortion
Authors: Jaramillo Sierra Isabel C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOn February 21, 2022, the Colombian Constitutional Court decided that the existing regulation of abortion was unconstitutional and repealed it (Sentencia C‐055/2022). The new abortion law, as per the Court's decision, considers the voluntary interruption of a pregnancy a crime only when it happens after week 24 and does not fall under the health, rape, or malformation indications developed through precedent from 2006 to 2022. The decision is generally binding and of immediate application. The decision's rationale builds on the right to health, substantive equality, and freedom of conscience. It acknowledges severe restrictions in access to abortion faced by Colombian women and the costs these restrictions have on their lives. It also recognizes that the indications model forces women to obtain permission from medical doctors to access abortion, and thus fails to recognize women's freedom of conscience.
Visualizing Cathepsin K‐Cre Expression at the Single‐Cell Level with GFP Reporters
Authors: Chai Wenhuan , Hao Weiwei , Liu Jintao , Han Zhenglin , Chang Shiyu , Cheng Liben , Sun Mingxin , Yan Guofang , Liu Zemin , Liu Yin , Zhang Guodong , Xing Li , Chen Hongqian , Liu Peng 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe Cre/lox system is a fundamental tool for functional genomic studies, and a number of Cre lines have been generated to target genes of interest spatially and temporally in defined cells or tissues; this approach has greatly expanded our knowledge of gene functions. However, the limitations of this system have recently been recognized, and we must address the challenge of so‐called nonspecific/off‐target effects when a Cre line is utilized to investigate a gene of interest. For example, cathepsin K (Ctsk) has been used as a specific osteoclast marker, and Cre driven by its promoter is widely utilized for osteoclast investigations. However, Ctsk‐Cre expression has recently been identified in other cell types, such as osteocytes, periosteal stem cells, and tenocytes. To better understand Ctsk‐Cre expression and ensure appropriate use of this Cre line, we performed a comprehensive analysis of Ctsk‐Cre expression at the single‐cell level in major organs and tissues using two green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters (ROSA nT‐nG and ROSA tdT) and a tissue clearing technique in young and aging mice. The expression profile was further verified by immunofluorescence staining and droplet digital RT‐PCR. The results demonstrate that Ctsk‐Cre is expressed not only in osteoclasts but also at various levels in osteoblast lineage cells and other major organs/tissues, particularly in the brain, kidney, pancreas, and blood vessels. Furthermore, Ctsk‐Cre expression increases markedly in the bone marrow, skeletal muscle, and intervertebral discs in aging mice. These data will be valuable for accurately interpreting data obtained from in vivo studies using Ctsk‐Cre mice to avoid potentially misleading conclusions. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Gut microbiome in tumorigenesis and therapy of colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Ling , Yu Ke‐Chun , Hou Yun‐qing , Guo Min , Yao Fan , Chen Zhen‐Xia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence in the digestive system, and the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in CRC tumorigenesis and therapy. The gastrointestinal tract is the organ harboring most of the microbiota in humans. Changes in the gut microbiome in CRC patients suggest possible host–microbe interactions, thereby hinting the potential tumorigenesis, which provides new perspective for preventing, diagnosing, or treating CRC. In this review, we discuss the effects of gut microbiome dysbiosis on CRC, and reveal the mechanisms by which gut microbiome dysbiosis leads to CRC. Gut microbiome modulation with the aim to reverse the established gut microbial dysbiosis is a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of CRC. In addition, this review summarizes that probiotic antagonize CRC tumorigenesis by protecting intestinal barrier function, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, resisting oxidative stress, and enhancing host immunity. Finally, we highlight clinical applications of the gut microbiome, such as gut microbiome analysis‐based biomarker screening and prediction, and microbe modulation‐based CRC prevention, treatment enhancement, and treatment side effect reduction. This review provides the reference for the clinical application of gut microbiome in the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Prognostic impact of postoperative circulating tumor DNA as a molecular minimal residual disease marker in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing surgical resection
Authors: Hata Tatsuo , Mizuma Masamichi , Motoi Fuyuhiko , Ohtsuka Hideo , Nakagawa Kei , Morikawa Takanori , Unno Michiaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to clarify the prognostic impact of postoperative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shortly after pancreatectomy in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsPreoperative and paired postoperative blood samples were obtained from 66 patients in patients with PDAC. Cell‐free DNA was extracted from the plasma, and KRAS mutations, as a benchmark of ctDNA, were examined using droplet digital PCR. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with presence and absence of ctDNA.ResultsIn univariate analysis, patients with detectable postoperative ctDNA showed worse survival than those with undetectable in both DFS (P = .034) and OS (P = .022). Multivariate analysis also revealed that the presence of postoperative ctDNA was an independent risk factor for recurrence (hazard ratio: 2.677, P = .011). In contrast, preoperative ctDNA detection did not affect long‐term outcomes. These trends persisted in 34 patients with resectable PDAC who underwent resection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with detectable postoperative ctDNA were more prone to developing hepatic recurrence than those with undetectable postoperative ctDNA (P = .039).ConclusionPostoperative ctDNA, as a minimal residual marker, can be useful for predicting the risk of recurrence in patients with PDAC even after curative resection.
Mud redeposition during river incision as a factor affecting authigenic 10Be/9Be dating: Early Pleistocene large mammal fossil‐bearing site Nová Vieska, eastern Danube Basin
Authors: Šujan Michal , Braucher Régis , Chyba Andrej , Vlačiky Martin , Aherwar Kishan , Rózsová Barbara , Fordinál Klement , Maglay Juraj , Nagy Alexander , Moravcová Martina , Team Aster 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThis study examines the suitability of the authigenic 10Be/9Be dating method to the dating of the deposits of an incising river, taking as an example the Nová Vieska river terrace, which accumulated during the neotectonic inversion of the Danube Basin (western Slovakia). The succession was formed by a wandering river with minor preservation of proximal floodplain muds. The frequent occurrence of mud intraclasts reflects significant input of eroded material from underlying, older successions. The ages of 13 authigenic 10Be/9Be dating samples formed three groups: (1) samples from below the base of the river terrace yielded dates of ~4.13–3.70 Ma (including uncertainties); (2) muddy intraclasts from the river terrace gave an age range of ~2.79–1.96 Ma; and (3) in situ muddy layers had ages in the range of ~1.91–1.39 Ma. The large mammal fossil assemblage from channel thalweg deposits yielded a biostratigraphic age of ~3.6–2.2 Ma, matching the age of intraclasts, and thus emphasising the redeposited origin of those fossils. The relatively wide range of authigenic 10Be/9Be dating ages is interpreted as a result of the redeposition of mud from older strata on three scales: decimetre‐scale intraclasts, millimetre‐scale rip‐up clasts mixed into the newly formed beds, and formation of two authigenic rims with different age and 10Be/9Be records around individual particles. Considering these observations, an age range of in situ layers of ~1.91–1.39 Ma is proposed as the depositional age of the river terrace, with the most probable age falling within the most recent part of this interval. The effect of redeposition is thus shown to be potentially limiting to the application of authigenic 10Be/9Be dating to incising rivers, and stands in marked contrast to aggrading river settings, where redeposition of older sediments is limited and the degree of 10Be/9Be variability is low.
Is customer involvement always beneficial for R&D efficiency? The difference between high‐tech and low‐tech industries
Authors: Yoon Sangpil , Kim Gyuhyung , Chung Yanghon , Son Hosung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effects of customer involvement as an information source (CIS) throughout the innovation process, this study uses Korea Innovation Survey data and a two‐stage data envelopment analysis method. The results are as follows. High‐tech firms using CIS had lower R&D efficiency at the value creation stage. Low‐tech firms using CIS had higher R&D efficiency at the value creation stage, but lower R&D efficiency at the invention stage. This paper's academic implication extends the research on CIS by examining its effects on firms' R&D efficiency. It also provides a practical guideline for firms that want to leverage customer knowledge.
Lacticaseibacillus casei ATCC334 Ameliorates Radiation‐Induced Intestinal Injury in Rats by Targeting Microbes and Metabolites
Authors: Hua Qinglian , Zhang Haowen , Xu Rui , Tian Chunxiang , Gao Tianlin , Yuan Yanlei , Han Yaling , Li Yue , Qi Ce , Zhong Feng , Ma Aiguo 
Published: November 2022

ScopeGastrointestinal side effects are frequently observed in patients receiving medical radiation therapy. As Lacticaseibacillus casei ATCC334 potentially affects microbial ecosystem, the study hypothesizes that it may improve radiation‐induced intestinal injury in rats by modulating the “gut microbiota‐metabolite‐barrier axis.”Methods and resultsRats are fed one of three or no doses of L. casei ATCC334 for 7 days and then expose to a single dose of 9 Gy X‐ray total abdominal irradiation. Supplementation with L. casei ATCC334 promote the proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), increase the expression of tight junction proteins, reduce intestinal permeability, and protect intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing show that medium and high doses of L. casei ATCC334 inhibit the growth of Escherichia/Shigella and favor Akkermansia proliferation. L. casei ATCC334 intervention reprogram the metabolic profile and inhibit putrescine production but promote alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) production. Notably, a decrease in putrescine and an increase in ALA are significantly correlated with the proliferation of ISCs and enhanced intestinal barrier function following L. casei ATCC334 intervention.ConclusionThese results highlight that medium and high doses of L. casei ATCC334 alleviate radiation‐induced intestinal damage by enhancing the mucosal barrier and remodeling the gut microbiota structure and metabolic activity.
Dysregulated genes in undifferentiated spermatogonia and Sertoli cells are associated with the spermatogenic arrest in cattleyak
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang Mingxiu , Chen Xuemei , Jing Kemin , Li Yuqian , Liu Xinrui , Ran Hongbiao , Qin Jie , Zhong Jincheng , Cai Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHybrid male sterility (HMS) is a reproductive isolation mechanism limiting the formation of fertile offspring through interspecific fertilization. Cattleyak is the interspecific hybrid presenting significant heterosis in several economic traits, but HMS restricted its wide reproduction in cettleyak breeding. In this study, we detected the specifically expressed genes of a variety of cells (undifferentiated spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, haploid spermatids, sperm, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and macrophages) in the testis of yak and cattleyak, and found that the spermatogenesis of cattleyak might be blocked at meiosis I, and the expression of niche factors (NR5A1, GATA4, STAR, CYP11A1, CD68, TNF, and CX3CR1) in undifferentiated spermatogonia niche was abnormal. Then we isolated the undifferentiated spermatogonia and Sertoli cells from yak and cattleyak by enzyme digestion, and detected the specific genes in the two bovid testicular cells as well as the proliferation capacity of the undifferentiated spermatogonia. These results indicated that weak proliferation ability and scarce number of undifferentiated spermatogonia and abnormal gene expressions in Sertoli cells may contribute to male sterility of cattleyak.
Validation of liver quantitative susceptibility mapping across imaging parameters at 1.5 T and 3.0 T using SQUID susceptometry as reference
Authors: Zhao Ruiyang , Velikina Julia , Reeder Scott B. , Vasanawala Shreyas , Jeng Michael , Hernando Diego 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo validate QSM‐based biomagnetic liver susceptometry (BLS) to measure liver iron overload at 1.5 T and 3.0 T using superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUID)‐based BLS as reference.MethodsSubjects with known or suspected iron overload were recruited for QSM‐BLS at 1.5 T and 3.0 T using eight different protocols. SQUID‐BLS was also obtained in each subject to provide susceptibility reference. A recent QSM method based on data‐adaptive regularization was used to obtain susceptibility and maps. Measurements of susceptibility and were obtained in the right liver lobe. Linear mixed‐effects analysis was used to estimate the contribution of specific acquisition parameters to QSM‐BLS. Linear regression and Bland–Altman analyses were used to assess the relationship between QSM‐BLS and SQUID‐BLS/.ResultsSusceptibility maps showed high subjective quality for each acquisition protocol across different iron levels. High linear correlation was observed between QSM‐BLS and SQUID‐BLS at 1.5 T (r2 range, [0.82, 0.84]) and 3.0 T (r2 range, [0.77, 0.85]) across different acquisition protocols. QSM‐BLS and were highly correlated at both field strengths (r2 range at 1.5 T, [0.94, 0.99]; 3.0 T, [0.93, 0.99]). High correlation (r2 = 0.99) between 1.5 T and 3.0 T QSM‐BLS, with narrow reproducibility coefficients (range, [0.13, 0.21] ppm) were observed for each protocol.ConclusionThis work evaluated the feasibility and performance of liver QSM‐BLS across iron levels and acquisition protocols at 1.5 T and 3.0 T. High correlation and reproducibility were observed between QSM‐BLS and SQUID‐BLS across protocols and field strengths. In summary, QSM‐BLS may enable reliable and reproducible quantification of liver iron concentration.