bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid multi‐attribute characterization of intact bispecific antibodies by a microfluidic chip‐based integrated icIEF‐MS technology
Authors: Ostrowski Maggie A. , Mack Scott , Ninonuevo Milady , Yan John , ElNaggar Mariam , Gentalen Erik , Michels David A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRapid, direct identification and quantitation of protein charge variants, and assessment of critical quality attributes with high sensitivity are important drivers required to accelerate the development of biotherapeutics. We describe the use of an enhanced microfluidic chip‐based integrated imaged capillary isoelectric focusing‐mass spectrometry (icIEF‐MS) technology to assess multiple quality attributes of intact antibodies in a single run. Results demonstrate comprehensive detection of multiple charge variants of an aglycosylated knob‐into‐hole bispecific antibody. Upfront, on‐chip separation by icIEF coupled to MS provides the orthogonal separation required to resolve and identify acidic posttranslational modifications including difficult‐to‐detect deamidation and glycation events at the intact protein level. In addition, on‐chip UV detection enables pI determination and relative quantitation of charge isoforms. Six charge variant peaks were resolved by icIEF, mobilized toward the on‐chip electrospray tip and directly identified by in‐line icIEF‐MS using a connected quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer. In addition to acidic charge variants, basic variants were identified as C‐terminal lysine, N‐terminal cyclization, proline amidation, and the combination of modifications (not typically identified by other intact methods), including lysine and one or two hexose additions. Nonspecific chain cleavages were also resolved, along with their acidic charge variants, demonstrating highly sensitive and comprehensive intact antibody multi‐attribute characterization within a 15‐min run time.
Caddisfly Larvae are a Driver of Plastic Litter Breakdown and Microplastic Formation in Freshwater Environments
Authors: Valentine Katey , Cross Richard , Cox Ruairidh , Woodmancy Gina , Boxall Alistair B. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plastic litter is now pervasive in the aquatic environment. Several marine and terrestrial organisms can fragment plastic with their feeding appendages, facilitating its breakdown and generating microplastics. However, similar studies with freshwater organisms are extremely limited. We explored the interactions between the caddisfly larvae Agrypnia sp. and polylactic acid (PLA) film. The use of plastic by larvae to build their protective cases was investigated, along with their ability to fragment the plastic film as they do with leaf litter. Caddisfly consistently incorporated PLA into their cases alongside leaf material. They also used their feeding appendages to rapidly fragment PLA—forming hundreds of submillimeter-sized microplastics. Although larvae showed a preference for leaf material when constructing cases, plastic use and fragmentation still occurred when leaf material was replete, indicating that this behavior is likely to occur in natural environments that are polluted with plastics. This is thought to be the first documented evidence of active plastic modification by a freshwater invertebrate and therefore reveals a previously unidentified mechanism of plastic fragmentation and microplastic formation in freshwater. Further work is now needed to determine the extent of this behavior across freshwater taxa and the potential implications for the wider ecosystem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:3058–3069. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Prediction of winter wheat leaf chlorophyll content based on VIS/NIR spectroscopy using ANN and PLSR
Authors: Rasooli Sharabiani Vali , Soltani Nazarloo Araz , Taghinezhad Ebrahim , Veza Ibham , Szumny Antoni , Figiel Adam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVisible–near‐infrared spectroscopy is known for its rapid and nondestructive characteristics designed to predict leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) of winter wheat. It is believed that the nonlinear technique is preferable to the linear method. The canopy reflectance was applied to generate the LCC prediction model. To accomplish such an objective, artificial neural networks (ANN), along with partial least squares regression (PLSR), nonlinear, and linear evaluation methods have been employed and evaluated to predict wheat LCC. The wheat leaves reflectance spectra were initially preprocessed using Savitzky–Golay smoothing, differentiation (first derivative), SNV (Standard Normal Variate), MSC (Multiplicative Scatter Correction), and their combinations. Afterward, a model for LCC using the reflectance spectra was developed by means of the PLS and ANN. The vis/NIR spectroscopy samples at the 350–1400 nm wavelength were preprocessed using S. Golay smoothing, D1, SNV, and MSC. The preprocessing with SNV‐S.G, followed by PLS and ANN modeling, was able to achieve the most accurate prediction, with the correlation coefficient of 0.92 and 0.97, along with the root mean square error of 0.9131 and 0.7305 receptivity. The experimental findings also revealed that the suggested method utilizing the PLS and ANN model with SNV‐S. G preprocessing was practically feasible to estimate the chlorophyll content of a particular winter wheat leaf area according to the visible and near‐infrared spectroscopy sensors, achieving improved precision and accuracy. The nonlinear technique was proposed as a more refined technique for LCC estimating.
Active food packaging films from alginate and date palm pit extract: Physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, and stability
Authors: Khwaldia Khaoula , M'Rabet Yassine , Boulila Abdennacer 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDate palm pits are highly available and inexpensive palm date by‐products, representing a valuable source of natural antioxidants, particularly phenolic compounds. Date palm pit extract (DPPE) was prepared from these waste products and characterized for its phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant activity. Profiling DPPE by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS) showed the presence of dimers and trimers of (epi)catechin as the main constituents. Alginate‐based films with four increasing concentrations of DPPE (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% w/w) were prepared by the casting method. DPPE incorporation reduced solubility values of alginate films by 37%–64% and their surface wettability by 72%–111%. The incorporation of 10% DPPE improved water vapor barrier properties and increased tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (%E) of alginate films by more than 23%, 50%, and 45%, respectively. The film containing 40% DPPE showed the lowest loss of phenolic content (32%), DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (38%), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (30%) after storage for 3 months.
ZFTA::RELA fusion in a distinct liposarcoma morphologically overlapping with chondroid lipoma
Authors: Sumida Satoshi , Toki Shun‐ichi , Mori Taisuke , Satomi Kaishi , Takao Shoichiro , Nobusawa Sumihito , Kakimoto Takumi , Nakagawa Shinya , Ryo Eijitsu , Matsushita Yuko , Ichimura Koichi , Nishisho Toshihiko , Bando Yoshimi , Yoshida Akihiko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChondroid lipoma is a rare benign adipose tumor characterized by a recurrent ZFTA::MRTFB fusion. Herein, we report an unusual liposarcoma that partly exhibited overlapping features with those of chondroid lipoma and harbored a ZFTA::RELA fusion. A 59‐year‐old man presented with a shoulder mass that had existed for approximately 8 years and with increasing pain due to a pelvic mass. The 5.8‐cm resected shoulder tumor partly consisted of nests and strands of variably lipogenic epithelioid cells within a hyalinized or focally chondromyxoid stroma, indistinguishable from chondroid lipoma. The histological pattern gradually transitioned to highly cellular, stroma‐poor, diffuse sheets of cells with greater nuclear atypia and mitotic activity. Vascular invasion and necrosis were present. The metastatic pelvic tumor revealed a similar histology. Despite multimodal treatment, the patient developed multiple bone metastases and succumbed to the disease 14 months after presentation. Targeted RNA sequencing identified an in‐frame ZFTA (exon 3)::RELA (exon 2) fusion, which was confirmed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, and break‐apart fluorescent in situ hybridization assays. The tumor showed a different histology from that of ependymoma, no brain involvement, and no match with any sarcoma types or ZFTA::RELA‐positive ependymomas according to DNA methylation analysis. p65 and L1CAM were diffusely expressed, and a CDKN2A/B deletion was present. This is the first report of an extra‐central nervous system tumor with a ZFTA::RELA fusion. The tumor partly displayed an overlapping histology with that of chondroid lipoma, suggesting that it may represent a hitherto undescribed malignant chondroid lipoma with an alternative ZFTA fusion.
The role of herbivores in the grassland carbon budget for Three‐Rivers Headwaters region, Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Wang Junbang , Zhao Xinquan , Ouyang Xihuang , Zhao Liang , Wang Wenying , Zuo Chan , Zhang Zhenhua , Zhou Huakun , Watson Alan , Li Yingnian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn accurate assessment of the carbon budget is a crucial part of projecting future climate change and its impact on ecosystems. Grasslands foster multiple ecological functions including support for wild animals and livestocks. Herbivores intake forage biomass carbon, then digest and metabolize, and finally retain some carbon. The carbon processes have not been well quantified, resulting in uncertainties in the estimation of regional carbon budgets for grassland ecosystems.MethodsAn animal metabolic carbon flux model was developed for herbivores in the Three‐Rivers Headwaters region of China. The forage intake and metabolic carbon rates were estimated through metabolic body weight and daily digested measures for the main herbivore species.ResultsThe carbon intake was 5.52 Tg C year−1 (45%) from partial aboveground biomass (12.2 Tg C year−1), in which 39.31% was released into the atmosphere by respiration CO2, 43.77% was returned to the ecosystem as feces and urine, and 16.96% was retained in herbivores for population regeneration or for human well‐being.ConclusionsThis study, as the first research on this topic, quantified the carbon flux of herbivores and found livestock accounts for a major part of consumed carbon on grasslands, which is important for understanding regional carbon budgets to mitigate and adapt to climate change over grasslands worldwide.
Fourteen years old as the best age cutoff to differentiate prepubertal from pubertal papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: He Yuqin , Li Han , Wang Kai , Wang Jian , Zhu Yiming , Ni Song , Liu Shaoyan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear whether differences in clinical presentation and/or prognosis exist between prepubertal papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and pubertal PTC. At present, there is a lack of definition for the appropriate cutoff age to define prepubertal PTC.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 227 pediatric PTC patients (aged ≤18 years) who underwent initial surgery from March 2000 to December 2018. The median duration of follow‐up was 85 months (range, 8–258).ResultsThe age range was basically linearly related to multiple risk factors, such as T3–T4 disease, distant metastasis. Age (p = 0.032) was an independent risk factor for recurrence and persistent disease. Patients aged <14 years had obviously higher rates of extensive disease. The 10‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rate of patients aged <14 years was 59.5% and that of patients aged ≥14 years was 82.6% (p = 0.004).ConclusionsFourteen years of age may be an appropriate cutoff to differentiate prepubertal PTC from pubertal PTC.
The pre‐eclampsia, growth restriction, and ductus venosus doppler (GRADED) study: An observational study of early‐onset fetal growth restriction and pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Govender Vaeochan , Naidoo Thinagrin D. , Foolchand Serantha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of using ductus venosus Doppler (DVD) to time delivery in early‐onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) and pre‐eclampsia in a resource‐constrained setting.MethodsThis was a prospective, observational study of pregnancies affected by early‐onset FGR and pre‐eclampsia. Patient characteristics, risk factors, ultrasound findings, and pregnancy outcomes were entered into a data collection tool. The association of these variables with perinatal and maternal outcomes were determined using binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe study had 61 participants. Most patients were delivered at 29–31+6 weeks of pregnancy (67%). Neonates with an estimated fetal weight on ultrasound of less than 800 g had the highest incidence of perinatal mortality (63%). There was a near six‐fold increase in risk of major neonatal morbidity in patients with abnormal DVD (odds ratio 5.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8–19.0). Absent flow in the DVD a‐wave carried a higher risk of perinatal mortality (OR 23.8, 95% CI 1.7–334.8); 22% of patients with an abnormal DVD a‐wave experienced placental abruption.ConclusionHaving an abnormal DVD in the background of pre‐eclampsia was related to increased perinatal morbidity and mortality, with increased risk of placental abruption.
Aerated drip irrigation increased the emitter clogging risk of the Yellow River water drip irrigation
Authors: Lv Chang , Zhang Erxin , Gan Haicheng , Niu Wenquan , Ali Sajjad , Dong Aihong , Zhang Wenqian , Wu Menglong , Sun Dan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe influence of aeration on the emitter clogging of Yellow River water drip irrigation was evaluated, and reasonable measures to slow down the emitter clogging were investigated. A short‐cycle intermittent irrigation test and sediment settlement test were performed under the conditions of aeration and no aeration. The results showed that aeration accelerated the settlement of sediment at the inlet of the flow channel, increased the clogging rate of the flow channel inlet and exacerbated the clogging of the emitter. With the decrease of sediment particle size, aeration increased sediment deposition and emitter clogging. With the increase fencing inlet area, the effect of aeration on sediment settlement and emitter clogging decreased. Under aeration conditions, the upward position of the emitter outlet significantly reduced the mass of emitter blockage and increased the emitter flow compared with the downward positioning of the outlet. Thus, the recommendation is to select an emitter with a large area of fencing inlet, and the outlet of the emitter should be positioned upwards in order to improve the anticlogging performance of the emitter for Yellow River water aerated drip irrigation.
Screening potential anaphylactoid components in vinpocetine injection using a high expression Mas‐related G‐protein‐coupled receptor X2 cell membrane chromatography
Authors: Lu Jiayu , Jia Xin , Wang Changhe , He Huaizhen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVinpocetine injection is often used in clinical treatment of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, it was reported that vinpocetine injection caused allergic reactions in clinical use; therefore, its safety needs urgent attention. Until now, research on its sensitization is rarely reported. Here, the components contained in three vinpocetine injections were examined. It was found that besides vinpocetine, the synthetic raw material vincamine, the excipients benzyl alcohol and ethyl p‐toluenesulfonate, and the impurities A, B, C, and D, which are excipients specified in the European Pharmacopoeia, were also present in them. Then the Mas‐related G‐protein‐coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2)‐HEK293 cell membrane chromatography was used to investigate the affinity of them with MRGPRX2 and found that vinpocetine, vincamine, and impurities A, B, C, and D bind to MRGPRX2. Afterwards, these compounds were further used to investigate the local sensitization ability in vivo. The results showed that vinpocetine, vincamine, and impurity C could induce swelling of the paw and decrease body temperature in mice, but only impurity C could cause local skin mast cell degranulation and serum histamine release increase. In vitro, the results also indicated that impurity C could increase intracellular [Ca2+] in MRGPRX2‐HEK293 cells, whereas vinpocetine and vincamine did not. Therefore, the impurity C was the potential anaphylactoid component in vinpocetine injection, which may be one of the reasons for the occurrence of allergic reactions in the clinical use of vinpocetine injection. This work provides evidence on the sensitization of impurity C and also contributes to promoting the clinical safety of vinpocetine injection.
Decellularized fish swim bladder patch loaded with mesenchymal stem cells inhibits neointimal hyperplasia
Authors: Sun Peng , Wu Haoliang , Bai Xiche , Zhang Liwei , Zhang Cong , Wang Xueyun , Lou Chunyang , Li Bo , Li Zhuo , Bai Hualong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe previously showed decellularized fish swim bladder can be used as vascular patch and tube graft in rats, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have showed the capability to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in different animal models. We hypothesized that decellularized fish swim bladder patch loaded with MSCs (bioinspired patch) can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in a rat aortic patch angioplasty model. Rat MSCs were grown in vitro and flow cytometry was used to confirm their quality. 3.6 × 105 MSCs were mixed into 100 μl of sodium alginate (SA)/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel, two layers of fish swim bladders (5 mm × 5 mm) were sutured together, bioinspired patch was created by injection of hydrogel with MSCs into the space between two layers of fish swim bladder patches. Decellularized rat thoracic aorta patch was used as control. Patches were harvested at days 1 and 14 after implantation. Samples were examined by histology, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. The decellularized rat thoracic aorta patch and the fish swim bladder patch had a similar healing process after implantation. The bioinspired patch had a similar structure like native aorta. Bioinspired patch showed a decreased neointimal thickness (p = .0053), fewer macrophages infiltration (p = .0090), and lower proliferation rate (p = .0291) compared to the double layers fish swim bladder patch group. Decellularized fish swim bladder patch loaded with MSCs can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia effectively. Although this is a preliminary animal study, it may have a potential application in large animals or clinical research.
Virtual clinic: Applying technology to expand dental school walls
Authors: Siddanna Geetha Duddanahalli , Karpenko Amy E. , Mantesso Andrea , Sterlitz Stephen J. , Fasbinder Dennis J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDental education traditionally requires the use of dedicated fixed preclinic facilities to provide clinically relevant experiences to support the development of dexterity, critical thinking, and self‐assessment skills that are essential for excellent patient care. As a result of the social distancing guidelines instituted at the height of the COVID pandemic, dental education was severely affected when education pivoted to remote instruction and had significant restrictions on in‐person training. This study evaluated a novel application of modern technology to allow students to perform clinically relevant hands‐on exercises away from dental school and, most importantly, receive feedback on their performance as an aid in their development. Student surveys and a comparison of pre‐ and post‐COVID grades were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the virtual clinic to support remote dental education.
Outcomes of Non‐Mucosa Sparing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (Partial Reboot) in Refractory Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis: An Academic Hospital Experience
Authors: Pirola Francesca , Pace Gian Marco , Giombi Francesco , Heffler Enrico , Paoletti Giovanni , Nappi Emanuele , Sanità William , Giulietti Gaia , Giunta Gianmarco , Ferreli Fabio , Mercante Giuseppe , Spriano Giuseppe , Canonica Giorgio Walter , Malvezzi Luca 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe reboot approach could be an effective treatment option to lower recurrence rates (RRs) in recalcitrant Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP). The purpose of this study was to investigate RR, recurrence‐free survival (RFS), quality of life (QoL) improvement, and oral corticosteroid (OCS) intake in pluri‐operated CRSwNP patients treated with partial reboot surgery.MethodsA consecutive sample of patients with recalcitrant CRSwNP, ineligible for monoclonal antibodies, underwent partial reboot surgery. The 22‐item SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22), Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) scores, OCS intake, and endoscopic Nasal Polyp Score (NPS) were collected pre and postoperatively. The main outcomes were RR and RFS, and comparison of disease‐free time with previous endoscopic surgeries.ResultsThirty pluri‐operated patients were enrolled. Before the reboot, all had experienced disease recurrence at a mean recurrence time of 8.08 ± 2.83 months after surgery. After reboot, 7 (23.3%) had recurrence at a mean time of 16.67 ± 3.07 months (p = 0.02); none needed additional revision surgery till time of data collection. RR at 12, 18, and 24 months follow‐up resulted significantly lower for reboot than other previous surgeries (p = 0.010, p = 0.002, p = 0.016, respectively); RFS difference resulted significant (log‐rank test = 4.16; p = 0.04). Differences between pre‐and post‐operative total and single‐items scores of SNOT‐22 were significant (p = 0.001), as well as VAS scores (p = 0.001). Before the reboot, 21 patients (70%) took ≥2 OCS courses per year; at the latest follow‐up visit, none had taken any course of OCS after reboot.ConclusionsThe reboot approach showed lower RR, longer RFS, improved QoL, and zeroing of OCS uptake. Larger samples and longer follow‐up studies are needed to assess long‐term efficacy and safety of this procedure.Level of Evidence4. According to the Oxford Center for Evidence‐Based Medicine 2011 level of evidence guidelines, this non‐randomized retrospective cohort study is classified as level 4 evidence Laryngoscope, 2022. Laryngoscope, 133:1584–1589, 2023
Depth and basin shape constrain ecosystem metabolism in lakes dominated by benthic primary producers
Authors: Klaus Marcus , Verheijen Hendricus A. , Karlsson Jan , Seekell David A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetabolism is one of the most fundamental ecosystem processes, but the drivers of variation in metabolic rates among lakes dominated by benthic primary producers remain poorly constrained. Here, we report the magnitudes and potential drivers of whole‐lake metabolism across 43 Swedish arctic–alpine lakes, based on the free‐water diel oxygen technique with sondes deployed during the open‐water season near the surface and bottom of the lakes. Gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (R) were strongly coupled and ranged from 0.06 to 0.45 mg and 0.05 to 0.43 mg L−1 d−1 among lakes. On average, GPP and R decreased eightfold from relatively shallow to deep lakes (mean depth 0.5–10.9 m) and twofold from concave to convex lakes (mean depth: maximum depth 0.2–0.5). We attribute this to light limitation and shape‐specific sensitivity of benthic GPP to disturbance by lake ice. Net ecosystem production (GPP‐R) ranged from −0.09 to 0.14 mg L−1 d−1 and switched, on average, from positive to negative towards deeper lakes and lakes richer in dissolved organic carbon (DOC; 0.5–7.4 mg DOC L−1). Uncertainties in metabolism estimates were high (around one and three times mean R and GPP), especially in deep lakes with low insulation and diurnally variable wind speed. Our results confirm the role of DOC in stimulating net heterotrophy and highlight novel effects of lake shape on productivity in benthic‐dominated lake ecosystems and its response to changes in lake ice cover.