bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear woodcutting of European beech: experiments and computations
Authors: Kubík Petr , Šebek František , Krejčí Petr , Brabec Martin , Tippner Jan , Dvořáček Ondřej , Lechowicz Daniel , Frybort Stephan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHardwood species are becoming increasingly important with the growing need for a diversity of forests that have recently been facing global temperature changes or conifer pests. This further leads to the growth of its potential as a building material that may originate from sustainable production. As hardwoods need to be properly processed, the article deals with the disintegration of European beech. The influence of wood grain direction, uncut chip thickness and cutting speed on the cutting force magnitudes was experimentally investigated using the device with a rotating arm of approximately 4 m in diameter. Then, the disintegration process was modelled using the finite element method in Abaqus/Explicit. The developed material model consisting of orthotropic elasticity and plasticity with rate-independent and rate-dependent tensile–compressive failure asymmetry was implemented through the user subroutine, while the crack initiation and propagation were realized using the element deletion technique. The computationally predicted average values of cutting forces and chip shapes were, except for a few tests, in good agreement with the experiments. It means that the model may be used for further investigation, such as the influence of tool wear.
Frequency of Diarrhea, Stool Specimen Collection and Testing, and Detection of Clostridioides Difficile Infection Among Hospitalized Adults in the Muenster/Coesfeld Area, Germany
Authors: Effelsberg Natalie , Buchholz Meike , Kampmeier Stefanie , Lücke Andrea , Schwierzeck Vera , Angulo Frederick J. , Brestrich Gordon , Martin Catherine , Moïsi Jennifer C. , von Eiff Christof , Mellmann Alexander , von Müller Lutz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractClostridioides difficile infection (CDI) often manifests as diarrhea, particularly in adults of older age or with underlying comorbidities. However, only severe cases are notifiable in Germany. Moreover, failure to collect a stool specimen from inpatients with diarrhea or incomplete testing may lead to underdiagnosis and underreporting of CDI. We assessed the frequency of diarrhea, stool specimen collection, and CDI testing to estimate CDI underdiagnosis and underreporting among hospitalized adults. In a ten-day point-prevalence study (2019–2021) of nine hospitals in a defined area (Muenster/Coesfeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany), all diarrhea cases (≥ 3 loose stools in 24 h) among adult inpatients were captured via medical record screening and nurse interviews. Patient characteristics, symptom onset, putative origin, antibiotic consumption, and diagnostic stool sampling were collected in a case report form (CRF). Diagnostic results were retrieved from the respective hospital laboratories. Among 6998 patients screened, 476 (7%) diarrhea patients were identified, yielding a hospital-based incidence of 201 cases per 10,000 patient-days. Of the diarrheal patients, 186 (39%) had a stool sample collected, of which 160 (86%) were tested for CDI, meaning that the overall CDI testing rate among diarrhea patients was 34%. Toxigenic C. difficile was detected in 18 (11%) of the tested samples. The frequency of stool specimen collection and CDI testing among hospitalized diarrhea patients was suboptimal. Thus, CDI incidence in Germany is likely underestimated. To assess the complete burden of CDI in German hospitals, further investigations are needed.
Prostaglandin E2 mediates the late phase of ischemic preconditioning in the heart via its receptor subtype EP4
Authors: Kanno Takayasu , Nakagawa Naoki , Aonuma Tatsuya , Kawabe Jun-ichi , Yuhki Koh-ichi , Takehara Naofumi , Hasebe Naoyuki , Ushikubi Fumitaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIschemic preconditioning (IPC) describes a phenomenon wherein brief ischemia of the heart induces a potent cardioprotective mechanism against succeeding ischemic insult. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a rate-limiting enzyme in prostanoid biosynthesis, is upregulated in the ischemic heart and contributes to IPC. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) protects the heart from ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury via its receptor subtype EP4. We sought to clarify the role of the PGE2/EP4 system in the late phase of IPC. Mice were subjected to four IPC treatment cycles, consisting of 5 min of occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). We found that COX-2 mRNA was significantly upregulated in wild-type hearts at 6 h after IPC treatment. Cardiac PGE2 levels at 24 h after IPC treatment were significantly increased in both wild-type mice and mice lacking EP4 (EP4–/–). At 24 h after IPC treatment, I/R injury was induced by 30 min of LAD occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion and the cardiac infarct size was determined. The infarct size was significantly reduced by IPC treatment in wild-type mice; a reduction was not observed in EP4–/– mice. AE1-329, an EP4 agonist, significantly reduced infarct size and significantly ameliorated deterioration of cardiac function in wild-type mice subjected to I/R without IPC treatment. Furthermore, AE1-329 significantly enhanced the I/R-induced activation of Akt, a pro-survival kinase. We demonstrated that the PGE2/EP4 system in the heart plays a critical role in the late phase of IPC, partly by augmenting Akt-mediated signaling. These findings clarify the mechanism of IPC and may contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for ischemic heart disease.
Low-dose clomiphene citrate does not reduce implantation and live birth rates in otherwise unstimulated modified natural cycle IVF—retrospective cohort study
Authors: Grädel Flavia , von Wolff Michael , Kohl Schwartz Alexandra Sabrina , Mitter Vera Ruth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Research question
Does antioestrogen effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) on the endometrium reduce implantation and thereby decrease pregnancy and live birth rate per transferred embryo?

Methods
In this cohort, unstimulated IVF cycles modified with clomiphene citrate (CC-NC-IVF) and unstimulated, natural IVF cycles (NC-IVF) conducted between 2011 and 2016 were included. CC was applied in a dosage of 25mcg per day, starting on cycle day 7 until ovulation trigger day. Primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy rate, defined as amniotic sac visible in ultrasound, and live birth rate per transferred embryo. Miscarriage rate calculated as amniotic sac not ending in a live birth was secondary outcome. A modified mixed-effect Poisson regression model was applied, and adjustments were made for female age, parity, type and cause of infertility. Additionally, stratification by parity and age was performed.

Results
Four hundred and ninety-nine couples underwent a total of 1042 IVF cycles, 453 being NC-IVF and 589 being CC-NC-IVF cycles. Baseline characteristics of both groups did not differ. Addition of CC did neither decrease clinical pregnancy rate (aRR 0.86; 95% CI 0.67–1.12) nor live birth rate per transferred embryo (aRR 0.84; 95% CI 0.62–1.13) in comparison with NC-IVF. Miscarriage rate did not differ between CC-NC-IVF and NC-IVF (aRR 0.95; 95% CI 0.57–1.57).

Conclusion
Low-dose CC does not reduce pregnancy or live birth rate per transferred embryo. It can be used in infertility treatment without negatively affecting the endometrium and implantation.
The impact of physical fitness, social life, and cognitive functions on work ability in middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Rieker Jennifer A. , Gajewski Patrick D. , Reales José Manuel , Ballesteros Soledad , Golka Klaus , Hengstler Jan G. , Wascher Edmund , Getzmann Stephan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Demographic changes encompass societies to maintain the work ability (WA) of aging workforces. The present study explored the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors, cognitive functions, and their influence on WA, using a multi-group structural equation approach.

Method
Cross-sectional data from 247 middle-aged and 236 older employees from the Dortmund Vital Study were included in this analysis. We proposed a model with three exogenous variables (Physical Fitness, Cognitive Functions, and Social Life), and with WA as the endogenous variable. WA was measured with the Work Ability Index (WAI), which considers job demands and individual physical and mental resources. Multi-group analyses were based on the principles of invariance testing and conducted using robust estimation methods.

Results
Results revealed that Social Life outside work had significant positive effects on WA in both, middle-aged and older adults. Physical Fitness had a significant effect on WA only in middle-aged adult, and Cognitive Functions had no significant influence on WA in either group. In older adults, Physical Fitness correlated with Cognitive Functions, whereas in middle-aged adults, Cognitive Functions marginally correlated with Social Life.

Conclusions
Our results underline the importance of an active social life outside the workplace for WA, regardless of the employees’ age. The influence of Physical Fitness on WA changes with increasing age, indicating the necessity to have a differentiated view of age effects and interacting influencing factors. Our research contributes to the knowledge of how WA could be most effectively promoted in different age groups.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05155397; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05155397.
Peripheral perfusion index in well newborns at 6 to 72 h of life at different altitudes: a multi-center study in China
Authors: Hua Wei , Niu Conway , Xuan Yan , Zhao Qu-ming , Ren Yan , Hu Xue , Wang Zhi-xiu , Sun Jin-qiao , Yangjin Gesang , Dou Yalan , Yan Wei-li , Hu Xiao-jing , Huang Guo-ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to obtain the reference range of peripheral perfusion index (PPI) of asymptomatic well newborns at 6 to 72 h of life at different altitudes. A population-based prospective cohort study was conducted in cities at different altitudes in China. Asymptomatic well newborns were enrolled consecutively from six hospitals with an altitude of 4 to 4200 m between February 1, 2020, and April 15, 2021. PPI was measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after birth on the right hand (pre-ductal) and either foot (post-ductal) using a Masimo SET Radical-7 oximeter. Fiftieth percentile reference curves of the pre- and post-ductal PPI values at 6–72 h after birth were generated using the Lambda Mu Sigma method. Linear mixed-effects regression was performed to determine the influence of different altitude levels on PPI values over different measurement time points. A total of 4257 asymptomatic well newborns were recruited for analysis. The median and quartile pre- and post-ductal PPI values at 6–72 h of life at different altitudes were 1.70 (1.20, 2.60) and 1.70 (1.10, 2.70) for all infants, 1.30 (1.10, 1.90) and 1.10 (0.88, 1.80) for infants at low altitude, 1.40 (1.00, 2.00) and 1.30 (0.99, 2.00) at mild altitudes, 1.90 (1.30, 2.50) and 1.80 (1.20, 2.70) at moderate altitudes, 1.80 (1.40, 3.50) and 2.20 (1.60, 4.30) for high altitudes, 3.20 (2.70, 3.70), and 3.10 (2.10, 3.30) for higher altitudes, respectively. Overall, both pre- and post-ductal PPI increased with altitude. The 50th percentile curves of pre- and post-ductal PPI values in well newborns at mild, low, moderate, and high altitudes were relatively similar, while the difference between the PPI curves of infants at higher altitudes and other altitudes was significantly different. Conclusions: With the increase of altitude, pre- and post-ductal PPI of newborns increases. Our study obtained the PPI reference values of asymptomatic well newborns at 6 to 72 h after birth at different altitudes from 4 to ≥ 4000 m.

What is Known:• Monitoring hemodynamics is very important to neonates. As an accurate and reliable hemodynamic monitoring index, PPI can detect irreversible damage caused by insufficient tissue perfusion and oxygenation early, directly, noninvasively, and continuously.

What is New:• Our study obtained the PPI reference values of asymptomatic well newborns at 6 to 72 h after birth at different altitudes from 4 to ≥ 4000 m. With the increase of altitude, pre- and post-ductal PPI of newborns increase with statistical significance. Therefore, the values and disease thresholds of PPI for asymptomatic neonates should be modified according to altitudes.
CPNE1 regulates myogenesis through the PERK-eIF2α pathway mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Chen Lin , Pan Ling , Zeng Yuexi , Zhu Xiaonan , You Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSarcopenia is characterized by a progressive reduction in muscle mass or muscle physiological function associated with aging, but the relevant molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we identify the role of the myogenesis modifier CPNE1 in sarcopenia. CPNE1 is upregulated in aged skeletal muscles and young skeletal muscle satellite cells with palmitate-induced atrophy. The overexpression of CPNE1 hinders proliferation and differentiation and increases muscle atrophy characteristics in young skeletal muscle-derived satellite cells. In addition, CPNE1 overexpression disrupts the balance of mitochondrial fusion and division and causes endoplasmic reticulum stress. We found that the effects of CPNE1 on mitochondrial function are dependent on the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 pathway. The overexpression of CPNE1 in young muscles alters membrane lipid composition, reduces skeletal muscle fibrosis regeneration, and exercise capacity in mice. These effects were reversed by PERK inhibitor GSK2606414. Moreover, immunoprecipitation indicates that CPNE1 overexpression greatly increased the acetylation of PERK. Therefore, CPNE1 is an important modifier that drives mitochondrial homeostasis to regulate myogenic cell proliferation and differentiation via the PERK-eIF2α pathway, which could be a valuable target for age-related sarcopenia.
Fascia training in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation—a pilot study
Authors: Weigmann-Faßbender Sandra , Ulbricht Hanna , de Schultz Marianne , Pawandenat Christine , Kunadt Desiree , Wolff Michaela , Giesemann Nadine , Prate Katja , Schetelig Johannes , Bornhäuser Martin , Stölzel Friedrich , Knauthe Nadja , Stölzel Friederike 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) spend many weeks of treatment in an isolated environment with little room for exercise. Feasibility of a daily-performed, unassisted fascia-training program and its effects on back and foot pain, back flexibility, and quality of life were investigated.

Methods
Eighteen patients receiving alloHCT were randomized to an intervention (IG: n = 9; 60.7 ± 9.2 years) or control group (CG: n = 9; 54.0 ± 15.5 years) and assessed from 1 week before to 3 weeks after transplantation (t0–t3). CG received standard care physical therapy, IG performed additionally fascia training for the back and feet twice daily. Back and foot pain, back flexibility, muscle tone, and quality of life were assessed for both IG and CG at baseline and three timepoints after alloHCT.

Results
Fascia-training program was well accepted. No increase in hematoma formation was observed. IG reported a trend towards reduction in back pain from pre- to post-intervention (p = .074), whereas CG showed a slight increase in back pain at t3 (p = .257). IG also improved back flexibility (− 1.79 ± 5.5 cm; p = .397) while CG declined (+ 2.71 ± 5.6 cm; p = .167). No differences between groups were found for muscle tone and no significant improvements in quality of life were reported at t3.

Conclusion
Unassisted fascia training is feasible and safe for patients undergoing alloHCT. This pilot study suggests that fascia training has the potential to improve back flexibility and reduce back pain, and might be a valuable component for physical therapy in patients receiving alloHCT.
Novel transfer learning schemes based on Siamese networks and synthetic data
Authors: Kenneweg Philip , Stallmann Dominik , Hammer Barbara 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTransfer learning schemes based on deep networks which have been trained on huge image corpora offer state-of-the-art technologies in computer vision. Here, supervised and semi-supervised approaches constitute efficient technologies which work well with comparably small data sets. Yet, such applications are currently restricted to application domains where suitable deep network models are readily available. In this contribution, we address an important application area in the domain of biotechnology, the automatic analysis of CHO-K1 suspension growth in microfluidic single-cell cultivation, where data characteristics are very dissimilar to existing domains and trained deep networks cannot easily be adapted by classical transfer learning. We propose a novel transfer learning scheme which expands a recently introduced Twin-VAE architecture, which is trained on realistic and synthetic data, and we modify its specialized training procedure to the transfer learning domain. In the specific domain, often only few to no labels exist and annotations are costly. We investigate a novel transfer learning strategy, which incorporates a simultaneous retraining on natural and synthetic data using an invariant shared representation as well as suitable target variables, while it learns to handle unseen data from a different microscopy technology. We show the superiority of the variation of our Twin-VAE architecture over the state-of-the-art transfer learning methodology in image processing as well as classical image processing technologies, which persists, even with strongly shortened training times and leads to satisfactory results in this domain. The source code is available at https://github.com/dstallmann/transfer_learning_twinvae, works cross-platform, is open-source and free (MIT licensed) software. We make the data sets available at https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/record/2960030.
The infinite-horizon investment–consumption problem for Epstein–Zin stochastic differential utility. II: Existence, uniqueness and verification for $\vartheta \in (0,1)$
Authors: Herdegen Martin , Hobson David , Jerome Joseph 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider the optimal investment–consumption problem for an agent with preferences governed by Epstein–Zin (EZ) stochastic differential utility (SDU) over an infinite horizon. In a companion paper Herdegen et al. (Finance Stoch. 27:127–158, 2023), we argued that it is best to work with an aggregator in discounted form and that the coefficients $R$
R
of relative risk aversion and $S$
S
of elasticity of intertemporal complementarity (the reciprocal of the coefficient of elasticity of intertemporal substitution) must lie on the same side of unity for the problem to be well founded. This can be equivalently expressed as $\vartheta := \frac{1-R}{1-S} >0$
ϑ
:
=

1
−
R

1
−
S

>
0
.In this paper, we focus on the case $\vartheta \in (0,1)$
ϑ
∈
(
0
,
1
)
. The paper has three main contributions: first, to prove existence of infinite-horizon EZ SDU for a wide class of consumption streams and then (by generalising the definition of SDU) to extend this existence result to any consumption stream; second, to prove uniqueness of infinite-horizon EZ SDU for all consumption streams; and third, to verify the optimality of an explicit candidate solution to the investment–consumption problem in the setting of a Black–Scholes–Merton financial market.
Effects of structure and volcanic stratigraphy on groundwater and surface water flow: Hat Creek basin, California, USA
Authors: Marcelli Marina F. , Burns Erick R. , Muffler L. J. Patrick , Meigs Andrew , Curtis Jennifer A. , Torgersen Christian E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydrogeologic systems in the southern Cascade Range in California (USA) develop in volcanic rocks where morphology, stratigraphy, extensional structures, and attendant basin geometry play a central role in groundwater flow paths, groundwater/surface-water interactions, and spring discharge locations. High-volume springs (greater than 3 m3/s) flow from basin-filling (<800 ka) volcanic rocks in the Hat Creek and Fall River tributaries and contribute approximately half of the average annual flow of the Pit River, the largest tributary to Shasta Lake. A hydrogeologic conceptual framework is constructed for the Hat Creek basin combining new geologic mapping, water-well lithologic logs, a database of active faults, LiDAR mapping of faults and volcanic landforms, streamflow measurements and airborne thermal infrared remote sensing of stream temperature. These data are used to integrate the geologic structure and the volcanic and volcaniclastic stratigraphy to create a three-dimensional interpretation of the hydrogeology in the basin. Two large streamflow gains from focused groundwater discharge near Big Spring and north of Sugarloaf Peak result from geologic barriers that restrict lateral groundwater flow and force water into Hat Creek. The inferred groundwater-flow barriers divide the aquifer system into at least three leaky compartments. The two downstream compartments lose streamflow in the upstream reaches (immediately downstream of the groundwater-flow barriers) and gain in downstream reaches with the greatest inflows immediately upstream of the barriers.
Supply or Demand, that is the Question: Decomposing Euro Area Inflation
Authors: Pasimeni Paolo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the recent trends in inflation in the euro area and estimates to what extent the current inflationary pressures are driven by demand expansion and by supply side disruptions. First of all, consumer price inflation is particularly pronounced in goods and less so in the case of services. Energy and food are the most relevant components of rising consumer prices, accounting for almost three-quarters of total headline inflation. The fact that price pressure comes mainly from sectors with a high import content suggests that disruptions along international supply chains may play a key role. The paper then focuses on producer prices at the sectoral level and presents a methodology to decompose the rise in inflation between supply and demand impulses. It finds that, in the present context, supply factors are the main driver and account for at least 80% of the current increase in producer prices in industry and in each one of the manufacturing sectors with the highest price pressures. There are nevertheless some differences across countries. These findings imply that, if repairing supply-side problems and disruptions along supply chains is the priority, then promoting the right investment may be more urgent than cooling demand down. Country heterogeneity in the relative importance of demand and supply factors, then, may lead to different degrees of effectiveness of monetary policy and to a risk of divergences.
The Portuguese Dilemma of Unstable Pensions
Authors: Sell Friedrich L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPortugal’s high public debt, its weak economic growth and its great attractiveness for foreign tourists are legend. Less well known is its unstable system of public pensions. This article addresses the underlying economic and political reasons, such as poor labour productivity, low real wages, insufficient immigration of trained people and the failure to find alternative ways of financing retirement. NextGenerationEU will effectively soften Portugal’s macroeconomic budget constraints, but it carries the risk of further postponement of necessary policy changes and reforms.