bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TO THE 125TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF N.A. BERNSTEIN: NEW KNOWLEDGE IN THE THEORY OF CONSTRUCTION OF MOVEMENTS
Authors: Gimazov Rinat M. 
Published: July 2022

In the middle of the twentieth century, Nikolai Alexandrovich Bernstein proposed the author’s concept of building movements in humans. However, this knowledge has not found practical application. The reasons were, firstly, the researchers’ guidance of the scientific position, taken as an axiom that each level of the nervous system has its own class of movements. Secondly, this is the absence of the concept of the goal of motor actions in the theory of movement construction.
Purpose. To present new knowledge in the theory of the construction of movements humans.
Methods. Generalization of the results of own research in the period from 2011 to 2021 on the study of the provisions of the theory and practice of building movements in humans.
Results. New knowledge about the theory of the construction of movements for their practical application in human motor learning was obtained: 1 – in the separation of the concept of the goal of motor actions as a separate system-forming factor in the formation of functional systems in the motor function of a person; 2 – the process of building movements in motor action is the formation of functional systems at each neurological level; 3 – the process of building motor action passes through all levels of the nervous system; 4 – In relation to human motor learning, the characteristic of “dexterity” is necessary for us to assess the effectiveness of the process of building the required movements by the nervous system to achieve the goal of motor action.
MEDICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF LEARNING LATIN IN MODERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Maltseva Svetlana M. , Bystrova Natalya V. , Voronkova Anna A. , Stroganov Dmitry A. , Khizhnaya Anna V. 
Published: July 2022

The article has an interdisciplinary character related to the influence of the integration of medicine and pedagogy on the possibilities of studying Latin by medical students.
The aim of the work is to analyze the transformation of the traditional principles of learning Latin in a medical university in the context of modernizing modern education. Concerning the methods of the study, the researchers relied on the principles of dialectics, general scientific methods of generalization, analysis and systematization, as well as questionnaires. SWOT-analysis was used for the first time in the work to achieve this goal.
Results. The study showed that the traditional principles and methods of teaching Latin at a medical university are not able to fully ensure the formation of the necessary competencies, primarily general cultural ones. The advantages of traditional principles were highlighted: providing a rich terminological stock and knowledge of grammatical norms. The identified disadvantages include insufficient development of students’ horizons, a narrow professional perspective and a large amount of memorized material and low educational motivation. It is described that many innovative technologies are quite applicable here, but little in demand. The threat to slowing down their use is an increase in the load on the teacher, uncontrolled independent work of students and a decrease in the school’s general cultural base of future students.
STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF HEALTH-IMPROVING TRAINING WITH DIFFERENT INTENSITY ON THE PSYCHOPHYSICAL STATE OF MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN OF 35–45 YEARS OLD
Authors: Shlee Inessa P. , Minnikaeva Natalia V. , Simenyuk Galina Y. 
Published: July 2022

Systematic health-improving exercises and rational physical activity promote the activation and improvement of work of all body’s organs and physiological systems of middle-aged women, increase their adaptation to loads, stressful situations, prolong their youth and lay the foundation for active longevity in the future.
Purpose. To study the influence of health-improving exercises with different types and intensity on the psychophysical state of middle aged women with different rates of involutional processes.
Materials and methods. The study involved 26 women of 35-45 years old, engaged in health-improving gymnastics for 60-90 minutes, 2-3 times a week, randomized into three groups according to their involutional processes rate. The level of physical condition was calculated according to E.A. Pirogova and R.M. Baevsky adaptation potential and estimated the psychoemotional state using the «Well-being-Activity-Mood» questionnaire.
A training program for 4 months has been developed with alternating type and intensity of loads in a weekly microcycle. During the sessions, the heart rate was continuously measured using smart bracelets Mi Band 4. Also, before and after the session, the psychoemotional state was evaluated according to the Luscher testing.
Statistical processing of results was carried out using the mathematical statistics methods. The differences significance of data between groups was assessed using the Student’s coefficient, the Mann-Whitney test, and single-factor analysis of variances. The significance level was assessed using special tables. The correlation Pearson and Spearman coefficients were calculated too.
Results. The work demonstrates that constant monitoring of heart rate and psychoemotional state during training process makes it possible to assess the effect of loads on the women organism, the adaptation mechanisms to loads of various types and intensities, avoid overwork and overtraining, select an individually suitable training regimen (loads dosage, options for performing exercises, etc.) in order to achieve the maximum health-improving and optimal developmental (or training) effect.
Conclusion. Thus, an adequate loads alternation in microcycles, the creation of complex programs based on various fitness areas, taking into account the individual characteristics and interests of 35-45 aged women, allows them to increase their physical fitness, enhance the body functional reserves, adaptation to loads and improve well-being and mood.
OCCUPATIONAL MEDICAL RISKS: CONDITIONS OF LEGITIMACY IN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Ognerubov Nikolay A. , Zelepukin Roman V. , Bolshakova Valentina M. 
Published: July 2022

Background. Medical practice requires decisions that are risky in nature and their positive outcome cannot be guaranteed. The reasons for this can be varied, but also with a proper and professional approach by the treating attending physician and other medical personnel adverse effects of the treatment or research carried out should not also be interpreted as criminal acts, which justifies a thorough examination of the attributes and types of reasonably medical risks and the conditions for their legitimacy.
Materials and methods. An analysis of the sources of legal regulation of medical activity, including criminal legislation, was carried out and law enforcement practice was studied. The paper used the formal-legal method to identify and specify the conditions for the legitimacy of medical occupational risks.
Results. Occupational medical risk is a type of reasonable risk, that is a circumstance precluding criminality of an act, and depending on the socially useful purpose of the intervention in the functioning of the human body, it can be innovative and treatment.
Conclusion. Qualification of occupational medical risk as a reasonable risk requires taking into account consideration of the full content of the situation of its application in each case. In doing so, there is no need for a separate regulation on the legitimacy of medical risk, but Article 41 of the Criminal Code may be supplemented by a condition to exclude informed consent of the patient or his statutory representative, when it is carried out on emergency evidence to eliminate the threat to a person’s life.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF TOOTHBRUSHES OF VARIOUS TYPES IN CHILDREN DURING THE PERIOD OF REPLACEMENT BITE
Authors: Petrukhina Nataliia B. , Boriskina Olga A. , Shevlyakov Dmitrii I. 
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work is to conduct a clinical assessment of the effectiveness of toothbrushes of various types in children aged 6-11 years by dynamic monitoring of the condition of hard tissues of teeth, periodontal and hygienic status.
Materials and methods: a parallel, randomized, open clinical trial was conducted aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of three different toothbrushes (two manual ones with different working parts and an electric one with the technology of reciprocating and pulsating movements) in children aged 6-11 years. The study involved 60 children aged 6-8 years and 60 children aged 9-11 years. In each age category, 3 groups of 20 people were randomly formed, who received toothbrushes of different types: groups I and IV - manual brush "Oral-B Junior" ("Procter & Gamble", Ireland), groups II and V - manual brush "ROCS Junior" (LLC "VDS-Stupino", Russia), groups III and VI - electric brush "Oral-B Pro 400 Junior Sensi Ultrathin". Dental examination included determination of KPUz+kpz indices, PI (Turesky S., 1970) and PMA (Parma S., 1960). After the examination, the children were taught the standard method of brushing their teeth. Repeated examinations were carried out after 1, 2 and 3 months. To compare the indicators of one group in dynamics, the Wilcoxon criterion was used, and the Mann-Whitney test was used to identify differences between groups.
Results. The values of the KPUz+KPZ indices did not change in any of the groups during the study. In all groups, there was a significant decrease in PI after 1, 2 and 3 months from the start of the study (Wilcoxon criterion, p<0.05). The greatest reduction in the plaque index was observed when using an electric brush (significant differences with the groups where manual brushes were used, Mann-Whitney criterion, p<0.05). Of manual toothbrushes, the Oral-B Junior brush (soft, bowl-shaped brush field, CrissCross bristles, power protrusion) turned out to be more effective. Along with a decrease in the plaque index in all groups, there was a significant decrease in the PMA index (Wilcoxon criterion, p<0.001 compared to the baseline level). The achieved effect was maintained in terms of 2 and 3 months. from the beginning of the study, there was no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion: all toothbrushes were effective in controlling the supra-gingival plaque (visible biofilm), the highest effect was observed in groups of children who used an electric toothbrush.
QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS OF THE MEDICINAL HERBS GROWTH AND YIELD ON AN EXPERIMENTAL PLANTATION IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Kabanova Svetlana A. , Danchenko Matvei A. , Kabanov Andrej N. , Kochegarov Igor S. , Scott Sabina A. 
Published: July 2022

Climate change, man-made and anthropogenic factors have negatively affected the flora, therefore, the reserves of wild-growing grasses in nature are sharply reduced. For this reason, the mass cultivation of medicinal herbs on plantations is becoming an important task.
Aim of research – development of an environmentally friendly and rational technology for growing medicinal herbs on plantations in the northern region of Kazakhstan.
Materials and methods. The research was carried out in the Akmola region, the following species of medicinal herbs were selected as the objects of research: Echinacea purpurea Moench, Salvia officinalis, Origani vulgaris, Népeta catária, Adónis aestivális, Ínula helénium, Thymus serpyllum. Nitrogen fertilizers were used for the growth of the medicinal herbs, while the soils on the control plots did not contain any fertilizers.
Results. It was found that the use of fertilizers increased the number of seedlings in all studied plants by 6.3 – 62.8% compared to the control. The increase in plant’s growth, development and height was observed in Breckland thyme, catnip, and summer Adonis. The rest of the medicinal herbs growth and height were smaller than that of the control. The crop yield of catnip, oregano, sage, Breckland thyme and summer Adonis in the experimental plot was higher by 1.7-35.8 than that of the control. It has been determined that purple coneflower and elfdock are best grown without addition of plant growth substances.
Conclusion. The application of fertilizers to the soil has a positive effect on the growth of the studied species of medicinal plants, except for purple coneflower and elfdock.
Guided growth versus varus osteotomy for type II avascular necrosis following surgery for developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Hsu Po-Jen , Lee Chia-Che , Lin Sheng-Chieh , Kuo Ken N. , Wu Kuan-Wen , Wang Ting-Ming 
Published: July 2022

Aims The aim of this study was to compare outcomes of guided growth and varus osteotomy in treating Kalamchi type II avascular necrosis (AVN) after open reduction and Pemberton acetabuloplasty for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods This retrospective study reviewed patients undergoing guided growth or varus osteotomy for Kalamchi type II AVN between September 2009 and January 2019. All children who had undergone open reduction and Pemberton acetabuloplasty for DDH with a minimum two-year follow-up were enrolled in the study. Demographic and radiological data, which included the head-shaft angle (HSA), neck-shaft angle (NSA), articulotrochanteric distance (ATD), Sharp angle (SA), and lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) at baseline, two years, and at the extended follow-up, were compared. Revision rates were evaluated. Clinical outcomes using the Harris Hip Score were assessed two years postoperatively. Results A total of 24 patients underwent guided growth and 19 underwent varus osteotomy, over a mean period of 3.3 years (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.8 to 3.8) and 5.2 years (95% CI 4.5 to 6.0), respectively. There were no differences in demographic and preoperative radiological data, except for a younger age at time of acetabuloplasty and larger ATD for the osteotomy group. The HSA did not differ at two years and the extended follow-up because of postoperative rebound in the osteotomy group. The NSA of the osteotomy group remained smaller postoperatively. There were no significant differences in the follow-up ATD, SA, and LCEA, except for a smaller two-year ATD of the osteotomy group. Seven patients (29.2%) in the guided growth group underwent revision surgery and none in the osteotomy group. The Harris Hip Score was similar between groups. Conclusion Guided growth and varus osteotomy had comparable results in improving caput valgum deformity, given the rebound of lateral tilting of the physis after osteotomy correction. There were no differences in clinical outcomes at two years postoperatively. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(7):902–908.
Modular dual-mobility articulations in patients with adverse spinopelvic mobility
Authors: Dhawan Rohit , Baré Jonathan V. , Shimmin Andrew 
Published: July 2022

Aims Adverse spinal motion or balance (spine mobility) and adverse pelvic mobility, in combination, are often referred to as adverse spinopelvic mobility (SPM). A stiff lumbar spine, large posterior standing pelvic tilt, and severe sagittal spinal deformity have been identified as risk factors for increased hip instability. Adverse SPM can create functional malposition of the acetabular components and hence is an instability risk. Adverse pelvic mobility is often, but not always, associated with abnormal spinal motion parameters. Dislocation rates for dual-mobility articulations (DMAs) have been reported to be between 0% and 1.1%. The aim of this study was to determine the early survivorship from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry (AOANJRR) of patients with adverse SPM who received a DMA. Methods A multicentre study was performed using data from 227 patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), enrolled consecutively. All the patients who had one or more adverse spine or pelvic mobility parameter had a DMA inserted at the time of their surgery. The mean age was 76 years (22 to 93) and 63% were female (n = 145). At a mean of 14 months (5 to 31) postoperatively, the AOANJRR was analyzed for follow-up information. Reasons for revision and types of revision were identified. Results The AOANJRR reported two revisions: one due to infection, and the second due to femoral component loosening. No revisions for dislocation were reported. One patient died with the prosthesis in situ. Kaplan-Meier survival rate was 99.1% (95% confidence interval 98.3 to 100) at 14 months (number at risk 104). Conclusion In our cohort of patients undergoing primary THA with one or more factor associated with adverse SPM, DM bearings conferred stability at two years’ follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(7):820–825.
A qualitative study of the impact of a periacetabular osteotomy on patients’ lives
Authors: Ferraro Samantha L. , Williams David N. , Millis Michael B. 
Published: July 2022

Aims The aim of this study was to understand the experience of mature patients who undergo a periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), a major hip-preserving surgical procedure that treats symptomatic hip dysplasia by realigning the acetabulum. Our aim was to improve our understanding of how the operation affected the lives of patients and their families, with a long-term goal of improving their experience. Methods We used a phenomenological approach with in-depth, semi-structured interviews to investigate the experience of seven female patients, aged between 25 and 40 years, who underwent a PAO. A modified homogeneity sampling approach coupled with criterion sampling was used. Inclusion criteria involved having at least one child at home and being in a committed relationship with a spouse or partner. Results Analysis of interview transcripts revealed five major themes: feelings of frustration before having a treatment plan; fear of the operation; the importance of understanding the procedure in order to feel in control of their care; feelings of helplessness, dependence, and depression during recovery; and the need for support during recovery. Conclusion Our findings suggest that both the physical and psychosocial burdens of undergoing a PAO are great, with a major impact on the patient and their family. Many important issues lie outside the scope of what healthcare teams currently address. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(7):781–785.
Development of a procrastination scale in Spanish and measurement of education students’ procrastination levels
Authors: Monroy Fuensanta , González-Geraldo José Luis 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION. Academic procrastination is a widely extended phenomenon in education, especially among university students, which consists of deliberately putting off or completely avoiding an activity under one’s control. High levels of procrastination are related to poor academic performance and dropout intentions, as well as other psychological features such as impulsiveness, distractibility, depression and sensation-seeking, and a lack of self-control, of self-efficacy, of organization and of self-esteem. In Spain research on this topic is scarce and to date not a single validated and widely accepted instrument to measure academic procrastination levels at university level has been developed. The aim of this research study was 1) to develop a procrastionation scale in Spanish language to be used on college students, and 2) to measure theprocrastination levels of education students. METHOD. Data were collected from a sample of 499 Spanish education college students with a Likert scale. RESULTS. The results showed a 24-item version of the Escala de Procrastinación Académica en español (EPAE) with excellent reliability (.908), which may be used to measure students’ procrastination tendencies. Cluster analysis revealed four groups depending on students’ procrastination level (low, low-medium, medium, above medium). Over 76% of the sample had low and low-medium procrastination levels, whilemore than 23% reported medium levels, while not a single student showed higher procrastination levels. DISCUSSION. These results point at a need for further researching this topic in Spain by making use of the validated and reliable scale presented here, which may help to monitor student learning. By designing interventions targeted at high procrastinators, the risk of dropout and low academic performance may be reduced.
Dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Achila Oliver Okoth , Abrhaley Feven , Kesete Yafet , Tesfaldet Feven , Alazar Filmon , Fisshaye Lidya , Gebremeskel Lidya , Mehari Rodas , Andemichael Danait 
Published: July 2022

Background
Though the initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has led to decreased HIV/AIDS related mortality, the regimen has been reported to be associated with lipid toxicities. Baseline data on such disturbances are required to induce countrywide interventional HIV/AIDS programs. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and risks of dyslipidemia in HIV patients on HAART medication in Eritrea.

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted on HIV/AIDS patients in two national referral hospitals in Asmara, Eritrea. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and blood sample was taken for analyses of lipid profile tests. Data was analyzed using chi-square test, Post Hoc and logistic regression in SPSS software.

Results
The study included 382 participants of whom 256(67%) were females. Their median age, CD4+ T cell count (cell/microliter) and duration of HAART (years) was 45(IQR: 38–51), 434(IQR: 294–583) & 5(IQR: 3–5) respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 331(86.6%). Increased Low Density Lipoprotein-C (LDL-C) 213(55.8%) was the predominant abnormality. Abacavir was significantly related with highest means of triglycerides (TG) (228.17 ± 193.81) and lowest means of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL-C) (46.94 ± 12.02). Females had substantially higher proportions of TG (aOR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.65–5.05) and TC/HDL ratio (aOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.40–3.87) and low HDL-C (aOR = 2.16, 95% CI: 1.34–3.48). Increased age was related with increased pro-atherogenic lipid parameters. High LDL-C was more infrequent in non-smokers (aOR = 0.028, 95% CI: 0.12–0.69).

Conclusion
The study showed a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in HIV-patients receiving HAART in Eritrea. Sex, age and smoking practice were among key factors associated with dyslipidemia. The necessity to assess lipid profiles and other cardiovascular risk factors before initiation of HAART treatment and continuous monitoring during therapy is mandatory.
Autoimmune Hepatitis Triggered by COVID-19 Vaccine: The First Case From Inactivated Vaccine
Authors: Mekritthikrai Krittaya , Jaru-Ampornpan Peera , Komolmit Piyawat , Thanapirom Kessarin 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We report a case of a 52-year-old woman without previous underlying liver disease, presenting with progressive jaundice and diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis after 2 doses of an inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (CoronaVac) vaccine. All serology and histology were compatible with autoimmune hepatitis. Symptoms were improved and liver function tests were normalized after treatment with steroids and azathioprine.