bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Performance of Car Radiator Operated by Al2O3–Ethylene Glycol/Water-Based Nanofluids: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study
Authors: Ghimire Rahul , Mehta Pankaj , Aryal Nischal , Sah Daya Ram , Adhikari Surya Prasad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study analyzed the heat transfer potential of nanofluids (suspension of Al2O3 nanoparticles in 60:40 mixtures of ethylene glycol and water by volume) compared to the base fluid by modeling the flow in both laminar and turbulent flow regimes in a flat tube of a radiator using both single-phase and Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase approaches of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Nusselt number is calculated by varying the Reynolds number for both the models and compared with the theoretical correlations and the experimental data available in the literature. The effect of change in volumetric concentrations, inlet velocities, inlet temperatures, and particle sizes on the heat transfer performance parameters of nanofluids was evaluated. The multiphase approach showed a 5–45% greater increase in Nusselt number than the single-phase approach for the same volume fraction up to 1% and thereafter multiphase approach showed an even higher Nusselt number. The multiphase model revealed that raising the volume fraction up to 2% increases the Nusselt number of nanofluid by approximately thrice that of the base fluid but after that further increase in volume fraction does not show any significant increment. With the increase in Reynolds number, the Nusselt number, as well as surface heat transfer coefficient, increased for both laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Skin friction coefficient, pressure drop across inlet and outlet, and pumping power required increased slightly with the increase in volume fractions. Also, on varying the nanoparticle size, superior performance was observed at the particle size of 25 nm.
Experimental Research on Heat Transfer Performance of CO2 Tube Bundle Falling Film Evaporator
Authors: Liu Zhongyan , Zhang Hao , Sun Dahan , Jin Xu , Zheng Shuang , Zhang Xin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
CO2 is a promising refrigerant substitute, and falling film evaporator is widely used in high-capacity heat pump systems. In this article, a CO2 heat pump experimental device is built. According to experimental parameters, a CO2 falling film heat exchanger is fabricated. The falling film heat exchanger is used in heat pump evaporator, and its heat transfer characteristics are analyzed and tested. The outer diameter of the heat exchanger is 219 mm, outer diameter of the inner tube is 15.88 mm, and total outer surface area of the inner tube is 0.58 m2. Number of internal tubes was 12, each with a length of 0.97 m. During the test, change of heat transfer coefficient of each tube was analyzed when evaporation temperature, CO2 mass flowrate, and heat flow density changed. The influence of the position of heat exchange tube inside falling film evaporator on heat transfer coefficient is analyzed. The order of heat transfer coefficient of internal heat exchange tube is obtained. Finally, database of CO2 falling film evaporator is established. Through data sorting, heat exchange correlation formula is obtained. The deviation of 90% data in database is less than 5%. Heat exchange correlation formula has good accuracy.
Unemployment and insecure housing are linked to less successful treatment for depression
Authors: Saul Helen , Gursul Deniz , Hoskin Lauren , Buckman Joshua 
Published: September 2022

The studyBuckman JEJ, Saunders R, Stott J, et al. Socioeconomic indicators of treatment prognosis for adults with depression: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.JAMA Psychiatry2022;79:5.To read the full NIHR Alert, go to:https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/unemployment-insecure-housing-linked-less-successful-depression-treatment/
Transposon Mutagenesis Reveals RBMS3 Silencing as a Promoter of Malignant Progression of BRAFV600E-Driven Lung Tumorigenesis
Authors: Vaishnavi Aria , Juan Joseph , Jacob Maebh , Stehn Christopher , Gardner Eric E. , Scherzer Michael T. , Schuman Sophia , Van Veen J. Edward , Murphy Brandon , Hackett Christopher S. , Dupuy Adam J. , Chmura Steven A. , van der Weyden Louise , Newberg Justin Y. , Liu Annie , Mann Karen , Rust Alistair G. , Weiss William A. , Kinsey Conan G. , Adams David J. , Grossmann Allie , Mann Michael B. , McMahon Martin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Mutationally activated BRAF is detected in approximately 7% of human lung adenocarcinomas, with BRAFT1799A serving as a predictive biomarker for treatment of patients with FDA-approved inhibitors of BRAFV600E oncoprotein signaling. In genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models, expression of BRAFV600E in the lung epithelium initiates growth of benign lung tumors that, without additional genetic alterations, rarely progress to malignant lung adenocarcinoma. To identify genes that cooperate with BRAFV600E for malignant progression, we used Sleeping Beauty–mediated transposon mutagenesis, which dramatically accelerated the emergence of lethal lung cancers. Among the genes identified was Rbms3, which encodes an RNA-binding protein previously implicated as a putative tumor suppressor. Silencing of RBMS3 via CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing promoted growth of BRAFV600E lung organoids and promoted development of malignant lung cancers with a distinct micropapillary architecture in BRAFV600E and EGFRL858R GEM models. BRAFV600E/RBMS3Null lung tumors displayed elevated expression of Ctnnb1, Ccnd1, Axin2, Lgr5, and c-Myc mRNAs, suggesting that RBMS3 silencing elevates signaling through the WNT/β-catenin signaling axis. Although RBMS3 silencing rendered BRAFV600E-driven lung tumors resistant to the effects of dabrafenib plus trametinib, the tumors were sensitive to inhibition of porcupine, an acyltransferase of WNT ligands necessary for their secretion. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas patient samples revealed that chromosome 3p24, which encompasses RBMS3, is frequently lost in non–small cell lung cancer and correlates with poor prognosis. Collectively, these data reveal the role of RBMS3 as a lung cancer suppressor and suggest that RBMS3 silencing may contribute to malignant NSCLC progression.

Significance:
Loss of RBMS3 cooperates with BRAFV600E to induce lung tumorigenesis, providing a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying mutant BRAF-driven lung cancer and potential strategies to more effectively target this disease.
Strategic Litigation against European Migration Control Policies: The Legal Battleground of the Central Mediterranean Migration Route
Authors: Pijnenburg Annick , van der Pas Kris 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Migration control policies at Europe’s borders that lead to human rights violations are widespread. As a result, NGO s, law clinics and individual lawyers mobilise the law against different actors in an attempt to seek accountability for these violations and end the policies that cause them. Accordingly, the aim of this article is to present an overview of and initial reflection on strategic litigation concerning the Central Mediterranean migration route. The article first depicts European migration control policies in the Central Mediterranean and their human rights consequences. It then provides an overview of recent strategic litigation before various domestic, regional and international forums. Finally, the article discusses the potential of these litigation efforts to overcome the accountability challenges caused by European migration control policies in the Central Mediterranean.
The Unfolding Destiny of Union Citizenship: From a Fundamental Status to a Status of Genuine Substance
Authors: Hyltén-Cavallius Katarina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the legal origins of the ‘substance of rights’ doctrine, and its judicial development since its creation in landmark Union citizenship cases over a decade ago. It is demonstrated how the status of Union citizenship has evolved from being a proclaimed fundamental status for the individual in a lawful cross-border situation, to an increasingly operational and legally effective status regardless of the nature of the free movement situation. Under a genuinely substantive status of Union citizenship, any and all Member States are obligated to neither restrict freedom of movement under art. 21 TFEU, nor deprive, de jure or de facto, a Union citizen of the genuine enjoyment of the substance of Union citizenship rights under art. 20 TFEU. Thereby, the relevance of art. 20 TFEU is no longer reserved to the Union citizen’s relationship to their home Member State. In addition, it is argued that, as the jurisdictional spheres of art. 21 TFEU and 20 TFEU merge, the legal mechanisms of EU fundamental rights protection should also be streamlined across Directive 2004/38, art. 21 TFEU and art. 20 TFEU; thereby giving further substance to the citizenship ideal of civis europaeus sum.
No Spaces without History
Authors: Gräf Bettina , Hindelang Laura 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Research on urban spaces in the Gulf region has increased substantially over the last two decades, particularly with a strong focus on contemporary phenomena. However, this focus often overlooks entangled histories and past trajectories that are formative for the present. Moreover, it perpetuates the notion of the region’s ahistoricity. To challenge the Gulf cities’ presumed lack of history, we have used a media-historical approach engaging with the history of a medium (e.g., architecture, film, magazine, photography, social media) in relation to a specific city. The article first provides an overview of recent research on the Gulf’s urban cultures in various disciplines. After introducing our approach, the article then considers temporality and spatiality as research perspectives in media studies and subsequently shifts to established media-historical approaches within Middle Eastern and South Asian area studies. It evaluates the complexities of writing on the art and architectural histories of the Gulf as specific forms of media. Finally, it addresses the potential of transdisciplinarity and collaboration as methods resituating the Gulf within the Arab region, the Persianate world and the Indian Ocean, respectively.
Thinking of the City through Film and Cinema: Roll’em
Authors: Freitag Ulrike 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Saudi film Roll’em (director Abd al-Illah al-Qurashi, Jeddah, 2019) tells the story of a young would-be film director and his dream to make a film about his native Jeddah. Shot just before the official opening of cinemas in the country, Roll’em was filmed at the beginning of an enormous boost to the Saudi entertainment industry. The film engages the history of filmmaking and cinema in Saudi Arabia, as well as the search by a young generation for historical identity and social participation. Filmmaking and cinema emerge as an important way to make sense of the present. This article positions Roll’em within the current socio-cultural transformation of Saudi Arabia.
Narratives of Continuity and Change in Jeddah
Authors: Maneval Stefan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The historiography of Jeddah’s tower houses, from the question of their origin to their abandonment by their Saudi owners, serves as an example in this article of how different imaginary institutions of society inform writings on architectural history. Based on a discussion of books, journal articles and Ph.D. theses by Saudi architects from the 1980s and 1990s, as well as a book chapter by Geoffrey R.D. King (1999), this article emphasizes the benefits of drawing on different types of sources and combining both written and oral methods of data collection. It goes on to examine, from a post-foundational perspective, the ‘central imaginary significations’ (Castoriadis) underpinning these studies of Saudi Arabia’s architectural history. Arguing that the institution of an imaginary social unity and collective identity is intrinsic to critical writing on architecture and architectural history in general, the article suggest that the Saudi architects writing in the 1980s and 1990s were concerned about the perceived loss of their society’s Muslim identity.
“Alone”, as a Result of Divination: A Study of the Wangjiatai Gui cang’s Pure Yin Hexagram
Authors: Schwartz (施沃慈) Adam Craig 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study offers a new reading of the Wangjiatai Gui cang’s pure yin hexagram text. I make a comprehensive analysis of the composition and layered texture of the text, by employing a methodology to engage with its images and narratives at an emic level. I determine that there is an iconographic resemblance between the hexagram picture and the graph writing its name, identify an image program centered on being “alone”, “inhumanity”, and “water”, and provide a context for the independent but interlocking narratives of Xia king Qi and Gong gong. Taken together, evidence points to Gua 寡 “Alone” as the candidate with the lowest odds among various proposals for the hexagram’s name. The overall meaning of “Alone” is that being bad, self-serving, and immoral will lead to one being divested of spiritual blessings and support of the people. The image of water in the two narratives is a metaphor for wantonness that also functions as a conduit for its disposal.
Trailing Horizontal Vortices in Observed and Numerically Simulated Tornadoes
Authors: Oliveira Maurício I. , Xue Ming , Roberts Brett 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
High-resolution numerical simulations of supercell storms reveal complex distributions of vorticity in the vicinity of tornadoes, especially when visualized in three dimensions. As in the simulations, quasi-horizontal vortices (HVs) are occasionally observed near tornadoes, as condensation tubes wrapping around the tornadoes. In this study, visual observations of a violent tornado and visualizations of a high-resolution simulation based on the same tornado case are combined to document distinct HV structures, which trail the tornado very close to the ground toward its right flank (with respect to the tornado’s forward motion), hereafter referred to as “trailing HVs.” The analysis shows that trailing HVs are larger and stronger than HVs typically observed around tornadoes. Still, their sense of rotation matches that of other documented HVs, which is consistent with vorticity generation by surface drag and/or baroclinic torques along internal boundaries of relatively warm rear-flank downdrafts. Interestingly, trailing HVs may display smaller spiral vortices circulating their periphery, which can evolve into more complex structures. Visualizations of three-dimensional vorticity show that the trailing HVs are organized through entanglement of large and small HVs along nearby rear-flank internal boundaries. The internal boundaries also serve as focus for along-boundary stretching of vorticity that becomes mostly streamwise at the location of the trailing HV, resulting in HV strengthening. The spiral vortices are associated with the same entangling processes responsible for the parent (larger) trailing HV structure. Moreover, the analysis suggests that trailing HVs may reinforce the surface wind speeds on the right flank of the tornado.
Surgical Residents’ Awareness of the Costs of Common Operating Room Supplies
Authors: White Erin M. , Hernandez Alee , Coppersmith Nathan A. , Esposito Andrew C. , Paranjpe Ashwini A. , Yoo Peter S. 
Published: September 2022

Background The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education mandates that residency programs incorporate cost awareness into patient care. This presents a challenge for surgical residents because they must understand operating room costs in addition to other expenses. Trainees’ understanding of operating room supply costs is not well understood. Methods A survey was distributed to surgical residents (N = 73) at an urban, university-based residency program. Residents estimated the costs of 21 single-use operating room items. Descriptive statistics and a regression analysis were calculated. Results The response rate was 62%. Respondents accurately estimated costs for a median of 7/21 items, with error ranging from 26% to 5438%. They substantially underestimated the three highest-cost items. Increasing post-graduate year did not improve estimation accuracy (β = .233, P = .138). Discussion Residents have a poor understanding of single-use item costs, and this does not improve with post-graduate training, suggesting inefficiencies. There is opportunity to educate residents and ultimately decrease surgical health care costs.
Adverse Respiratory Events After Pediatric Endoscopic Airway Surgeries
Authors: Alshareef Waleed A. , Aldriweesh Bshair A. , Almutairi Nasser K. , Alsini Albaraa Y. , Zakzouk Abdulmajeed S. , Aljasser Abdullah I. , Alammar Ahmed Y. 
Published: September 2022

Objective Perioperative risk stratification of pediatric patients undergoing airway intervention remains crucial in identifying those at a higher risk of requiring postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) care. Here we determined the likelihood of and possible risk factors for developing perioperative adverse respiratory events (PAREs) requiring ICU care after various pediatric endoscopic airway surgeries (EASs). Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients who were aged <18 years and underwent EAS between 2015 and 2021. Early postoperative adverse events within 24 h of surgery were recorded and analyzed. Results Overall, 99 patients who underwent EAS were included. The age at the time of the intervention ranged from 8 months to 18 years. Fifty-eight patients, median age was 4.83 years, underwent papilloma debulking with no high likelihood of PARE in this patient subgroup (OR = 0.48; 0.16–1.44). Twenty-five patients, median age was 9.72 years, underwent balloon dilation of laryngotracheal stenosis with no increase in the likelihood of PARE in this patient population (OR = 2.02; 0.65–6.28). Early postoperative respiratory events occurred in 16 patients (16.2%). Most of these events (75%) manifested within 4 h after surgery. In a univariate analysis, intervention at the level of the subglottis or 2 or more laryngeal subsites increased the risk of PARE (OR = 6.57; 1.11–12.52 and OR = 3.73; 1.93–22.34, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, only intervention in the subglottic area maintained its effect (OR = 6.84; 1.82–25.65). Conclusion Respiratory adverse events following pediatric EAS are not uncommon, and the majority are encountered shortly after surgery. Intervention in the subglottic area was an independent predictor of PARE.
High HIV/STI prevalence among cisgender men and transgender women sex workers attending community-based centres in Barcelona, Spain: The Sweetie Project
Authors: Ferrer Laia , González Victoria , Martró Elisa , Folch Cinta , Saludes Verónica , Muñoz Rafael , Rodríguez Vanesa , Morales Adriana , Meroño Mercè , Morey Francisca , Sanjosé Sílvia de , Casabona Jordi 
Published: September 2022

Background The aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographics, and the sexual and health-seeking behaviours of cisgender men and transgender women sex workers (M & TWSW) attending community-based organisations (CBOs) in Barcelona, Spain, as well as to estimate the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Chlamydia Trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) among them at different anatomical sites. Methods The Sweetie Project was a community-based cross-sectional study of 147 M & TWSW recruited in two CBOs in Barcelona between 2017 and 2018. A nurse collected biological samples from rectum, pharynx and urethra from the subjects at each CBO and the participants self-completed an epidemiological questionnaire. Results The highest prevalence observed was for HIV infection (25.3%) followed by bacterial STIs (NG 19.2% and CT 10.3%). The most prevalent anatomical site was pharyngeal (17.7%) followed by rectal (13.8%). More than half of participants who had a pharyngeal infection presented an isolated pharyngeal infection (57.7%) and half of those who had a rectal or urethral infection presented an isolated infection respectively. The seroprevalence of HCV and HBV was 2.4% and 34.2% respectively. There was a poor but statistically significant correlation between HIV and rectal CT infection ( r = 0.31), previous exposure to HCV ( r = 0.27) or self-reported STI ( r = 0.23), as well as between previous exposure to HCV and rectal CT ( r = 0.21) or self-reported STI ( r = 0.20). Discussion The Sweetie Project confirms the high burden of HIV and bacterial STIs among a sample of M&TWSW recruited in CBOs and reinforces the need to routinely screen them at all exposed anatomical sites.
Venom induced consumption coagulopathy and performance of 20-min whole blood clotting test for its detection in viperid envenomation
Authors: Rajkumar Bayye , Vishwanath Vinod Kolar , Kar Rakhee , Ramasubramani Premkumar 
Published: September 2022

Background: Venom induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated in viperid envenomation (VE), especially among Indian patients. We evaluated for VICC in VE, assessed the performance of 20-min whole blood clotting test (20WBCT) for VICC detection and also studied predictors of VICC. Methods: This hospital-based observational study enrolled 103 consecutive patients (age ⩾ 12 years) of snakebite admitted within 24 h of bite, with features of VE. They underwent 20WBCT, prothrombin time (PT)/international normalised ratio (INR), plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer testing during first 24 h after enrolment. Overt VICC (defined by overt bleeding), subclinical VICC (INR ⩾ 1.4 and/or fibrinogen < 2g/L, without overt bleeding), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (overt/non-overt, defined based on International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) DIC score) and primary defibrination (PDF) were evaluated among patients. Results: VICC overall was noted in 77 (≈75%) and overt VICC in 52 (≈50%). DIC (overt/non-overt) was noted in 59 (≈77%) and PDF in 2 (2.6%) patients with VICC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 20WBCT for VICC detection were 98.7% (95%CI: 92.9–99.9%), 65.4% (95%CI: 44.3–82.8%), 89.4% (95%CI: 83.3–93.5%) and 94.4% (95%CI: 70.4–99.2%) respectively. Severe cellulitis in bitten limb predicted reduced VICC risk. Discussion: Majority (75%) of patients with VE had VICC and 68% with VICC had overt bleeding. DIC (overt/non-overt) was the predominant contributor to VICC. Though 20WBCT is a good screening test for VICC, false positive results should be kept in mind before deciding on snake antivenom treatment.