bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symptoms and risk factors for hospitalization of COVID-19 presented in primary care
Authors: Rabady Susanne , Hoffmann Kathryn , Brose Markus , Lammel Oliver , Poggenburg Stefanie , Redlberger-Fritz Monika , Stiasny Karin , Wendler Maria , Weseslindtner Lukas , Zehetmayer Sonja , Kamenski Gustav 
Published: February 2022

SummaryObjectiveTo increase knowledge of discrete symptoms shall help to avoid misinterpretation of test results and to gain better understanding of associations between early symptoms and severe disease to provide additional criteria for targeted early interventions.DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingAustrian GP practices in the year 2020, patients above 18 years were included.ParticipantsWe recruited 25 practices which included 295 participants with a positive SARS-CoV‑2 test.Main outcome measuresData collection comprised basic demographic data, risk factors and the recording of symptoms at several points in time in the course of the illness. Descriptive analyses for possible associations between demographics and symptoms were conducted by means of cross tabulation. Group differences (hospitalized yes/no) were assessed using Fisher’s exact test. The significance level was set to 0.05; due to the observational character of the study, no adjustment for multiplicity was performed.ResultsOnly one third of patients report symptoms generally understood to be typical for COVID‑19. Most patients presented with unspecific complaints. We found symptoms indicating complicated disease, depending on when they appear. The number of symptoms may be a predictor for the need of hospital care. More than 50% of patients still experience symptoms 14 days after onset.ConclusionUnspecific symptoms are valuable indicators in the detection of early COVID‑19 disease that practitioners and the general public should be aware of also in the interpretation of low sensitivity tests. Monitoring patients using the indicators we identified may help to identify patients who are likely to profit from early intervention.
Cancer-related fatigue: benefits of information booklets to improve patients’ knowledge and empowerment
Authors: Schmidt Martina E. , Milzer Marlena , Weiß Cécile , Reinke Paul , Grapp Miriam , Steindorf Karen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate cancer patients’ knowledge and attitudes regarding fatigue and the potential benefits and acceptability of a brief information booklet.

Methods
The CARPE DIEM study assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding fatigue in a diverse group of 50 cancer patients before (T0) and about one (T1) and four months (T2) after reading the booklet. At T1, participants additionally rated its usefulness.

Results
At baseline, 37.5% of respondents did not know the term “fatigue” or what it meant. Those who already knew something about fatigue mainly had obtained their information from booklets, books, or articles (63.3%) and/or the internet (46.7%). Overall, knowledge gaps existed, particularly about potential fatigue treatment options and whether fatigue is an indicator of cancer progression. Furthermore, 56.4% felt poorly informed, and 46.1% reported feeling helpless in the face of fatigue. Lower knowledge at baseline was significantly associated with lower education and older age. At T1 and T2, there were significant improvements in several knowledge questions and attitudes. Patient-reported benefits included getting new information about fatigue (91.1%), awareness of not being alone with their problems (89.7%), taking appropriate actions (72.9%), and encouragement to talk about their fatigue with family/friends (55.3%) or with a health professional (52.7%).

Conclusions
Specific gaps were identified in the provision of information and education for cancer patients about fatigue. A low-cost intervention asking to read a brief information booklet was associated with improved knowledge. This could be considered as a first step offered as part of a bundle of further efforts to improve knowledge and care of fatigue.
Limits of density-constrained optimal transport
Authors: Gladbach Peter , Kopfer Eva 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of dynamic optimal transport with a density constraint. We derive variational limits in terms of$$\Gamma $$Γ-convergence for two singular phenomena. First, for densities constrained near a hyperplane we recover the optimal flow through an infinitesimal permeable membrane. Second, for rapidly oscillating periodic constraints we obtain the optimal flow through a homogenized porous medium.
Addressing Single Nuclear Spins Quantum Memories by a Central Electron Spin
Authors: Vorobyov V. , Javadzade J. , Joliffe M. , Kaiser F. , Wrachtrup J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNuclei surrounding single electron spins are valuable resources for quantum technology. For application in this area, one is often interested in weakly coupled nuclei with coupling strength on the order of a few 10–100 kHz. In this paper, we compare methods to address single nuclear spins with this type of hyperfine coupling to a single electron spin. To achieve the required spectral resolution, we specifically focus on two methods, namely dynamical decoupling and correlation spectroscopy. We demonstrate spectroscopy of two single nuclear spins and present a method to derive components of their hyperfine coupling tensor from those measurements.
Constraint-based robust planning and scheduling of airport apron operations through simheuristics
Authors: Gök Yagmur S. , Padrón Silvia , Tomasella Maurizio , Guimarans Daniel , Ozturk Cemalettin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractScheduling aircraft turnarounds at airports requires the coordination of several organizations, including the airport operator, airlines, and ground service providers. The latter manage the necessary supplies and teams to handle aircraft in between consecutive flights, in an area called the airport ‘apron’. Divergence and conflicting priorities across organizational borders negatively impact the smooth running of operations, and play a major role in departure delays. We provide a novel simulation-optimization approach that allows multiple service providers to build robust plans for their teams independently, whilst supporting overall coordination through central scheduling of all the involved turnaround activities. Simulation is integrated within the optimization process, following simheuristic techniques, which are augmented with an efficient search driving mechanism. Two tailored constraint-based feedback routines are automatically generated from simulation outputs to constrain the search space to solutions more likely to ensure plan robustness. The two simulation components provide constructive feedback on individual routing problems and global turnaround scheduling, respectively. Compared to the state-of-the-art approach for aircraft turnaround scheduling and routing of service teams, our methodology improves the apron’s on-time punctuality, without the need for the involved organizations to share sensitive information. This supports a wider applicability of our approach in a multiple-stakeholder environment.
Non-invasive genetic sampling is one of our most powerful and ethical tools for threatened species population monitoring: a reply to Lavery et al.
Authors: Banks Sam C. , Piggott Maxine P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNoninvasive genetic sampling (genetic tagging) of individuals is one of the most powerful and ethical tools for threatened species population monitoring. A recent review of the threats to Australia’s rock-wallabies (Petrogale spp.) and the methods for their monitoring stated that noninvasive genetic sampling (faecal DNA analysis) is not viable for estimating population size and trends for species in this genus. We feel that it is important to respond as such statements have the potential to stifle the development and application of an important tool for threatened species monitoring and lead to lost opportunities for collection of high-quality data to inform conservation of these species. We take the opportunity to describe the breadth of successful application of noninvasive genetic sampling for monitoring rock wallabies and other mammal taxa, the research and development requirements for successful implementation of noninvasive DNA-based population monitoring and thoughts on why this powerful approach has not been implemented to its full potential in many jurisdictions. We need to be careful not to dismiss one of the most powerful and ethical threatened species monitoring tools due to lack of familiarity with the requirements for its implementation.
The China birth cohort study (CBCS)
Authors: Yue Wentao , Zhang Enjie , Liu Ruixia , Zhang Yue , Wang Chengrong , Gao Shen , Su Shaofei , Gao Xiao , Wu Qingqing , Yang Xiaokui , Papageorghiou Aris T. , Yin Chenghong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe China birth cohort study (CBCS) is a prospective longitudinal, mega-cohort study and the first national-based birth cohort study, aiming to establish a birth cohort covering representative geographical areas of the whole of China to investigate risk factors for birth defects and develop strategies for their reduction. Pregnant women who are of Chinese nationality, are 6–13+6 weeks of gestation, plan to attend the routine antenatal examination and deliver in the study site, and give their informed, written consent are eligible to participate in this study. All participants are followed-up through an in-person interview at 20–23+6 weeks and again at 28–33+6 weeks of gestation, and at delivery, respectively. CBCS has been divided into three phases from 20th November 2017 to 31st December 2021, and the first two phases have now been completed on 29th February 2020, enrolling 120 377 eligible pregnant women during this period. During the same period a total of 40 837 participants had been followed up to the end of pregnancy. Study recruitment will continue until December 2021 to achieve the target of 500 000 participants. Meanwhile, biological samples including peripheral blood, amniocytes, cord blood, placenta, or umbilical cord tissue have been collected from participants according to various conditions. The incidence of birth defects in this group is 2.5% and congenital heart disease is the most common type of birth defect seen so far. A website is in the advanced stages of planning, to allow seamless data transfer and facilitate collaboration with groups around the world.
Two water waves in subsurface interaction on a shear flow
Authors: Tyvand Peder A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTwo plane-traveling water waves are superposed, with a background shear flow. The horizontal shear flow varies exponentially, with infinite depth. The present idea is to satisfy the two-dimensional vorticity equation for the second-order subsurface interaction between the two waves. The free-surface conditions are linearized, while the remaining (subsurface) nonlinearity has its amplitude set by the product of the two wave amplitudes. The first traveling wave is assumed steady, satisfying the same Helmholtz equation as the shear flow. Thereby, one single frequency enters the model, dictated by the second traveling wave. There are in total four wave components generated by subsurface interactions. Two of these are rotational waves arising from the exact quadratic interactions between the two first-order waves. The two other waves are compensational irrotational waves setup by linearized free-surface conditions, since the rotational waves alone are unable to satisfy these conditions.
A new cyanobacterial species with a protective effect on lettuce grown under salinity stress: Envisaging sustainable agriculture practices
Authors: Brito Ângela , Rocha Mariana , Kaštovský Jan , Vieira Jorge , Vieira Cristina P. , Ramos Vitor , Correia Manuel , Santos Marina , Mota Rita , Roque Jéssica , Pissarra João , Melo Paula , Tamagnini Paula 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, a new terrestrial cyanobacterial species, Oculatella lusitanica LEGE 161147, was isolated and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Morphologically, O. lusitanica shares characteristics with different Oculatella species (mainly with O. crustae-formantes), lacking distinctive features. However, the phylogeny based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and the 16S-23S ITS secondary structures support the establishment of this isolate as a new species. O. lusitanica is placed within a clade mainly composed by other Oculatella terrestrial strains; however, it forms a separate lineage. In addition, our species differs from the other Oculatella described so far by lacking the V2 helix within the ITS region. Since cyanobacteria are known to release compounds that promote plant growth and/or increase their tolerance to stresses, the effect of this newly described cyanobacterial species on Lactuca sativa (lettuce) plants development and salinity stress resistance was evaluated. Our results showed that, although the cyanobacterium had no impact on plant growth under the conditions tested, it was able to mitigate the deleterious salinity stress effects on plant size, root and aerial part fresh weight, by eliciting the non-enzymatic antioxidant response system (proline, H2O2 and reduced glutathione). In addition, the microorganism was able to induce a priming effect on lettuce plants by stimulating defensive mechanisms under non-stress conditions, and enhances the activity of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase and nitrate reductase. These results indicate that this native terrestrial cyanobacterial species could be employed as a tool in sustainable agricultural practices.
Molecular dynamics and structure-based virtual screening and identification of natural compounds as Wnt signaling modulators: possible therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Manandhar Suman , Sankhe Runali , Priya Keerthi , Hari Gangadhar , Kumar B. Harish , Mehta Chetan H. , Nayak Usha Y. , Pai K. Sreedhara Ranganath 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWnt signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway responsible for neurogenesis, axon outgrowth, neuronal polarity, synapse formation, and maintenance. Downregulation of Wnt signaling has been found in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Several experimental approaches to activate Wnt signaling pathway have proven to be beneficial in alleviating AD, which is one of the new therapeutic approaches for AD. The current study focuses on the computational structure-based virtual screening followed by the identification of potential phytomolecules targeting different markers of Wnt signaling like WIF1, DKK1, LRP6, GSK-3β, and acetylcholine esterase. Initially, screening of 1924 compounds from the plant-based library of Zinc database was done for the selected five proteins using docking approach followed by MM-GBSA calculations. The top five hit molecules were identified for each protein. Based on docking score, and binding interactions, the top two hit molecules for each protein were selected as promising molecules for the molecular dynamic (MD) simulation study with the five proteins. Therefore, from this in silico based study, we report that Mangiferin could be a potential molecule targeting Wnt signaling pathway modulating the LRP6 activity, Baicalin for AChE activity, Chebulic acid for DKK1, ZINC103539689 for WIF1, and Morin for GSk-3β protein. However, further validation of the activity is warranted based on in vivo and in vitro experiments for better understanding and strong claim. This study provides an in silico approach for the identification of modulators of the Wnt signaling pathway as a new therapeutic approach for AD.
Graphical Abstract
Spirituality and Children’s Coping with Representation of Death During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Research with Parents
Authors: Pompele Sara , Ghetta Valentina , Veronese Serena , Bucuță Mihaela Dana , Testoni Ines 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the related lockdown measures have had intense negative impacts on the psychological well-being of both adults and children. Among such impacts is a significant increase in mortality salience and changes in how people deal with grief and losses. This qualitative research used semi-structured interviews with 23 Italian parents to draw insights on the impact of the pandemic on children aged 5˗15 years with regard to their representation of death and the eventual role that family spirituality/ religiosity played in helping them understand both the concept of dying and possibly the pandemic itself. From the data analysis, four main thematic areas emerged: “Lockdown experience,” “Fears and worries related to COVID-19,” “Emergence of thoughts on the process of dying,” and “Representation of death and the impact of religious beliefs.” The participants highlighted how stressful the lockdown measures have been for their children and the anxiety that their children have experienced because of fears related to the pandemic. The interviews also surfaced how living in a religious family has contributed significantly to shaping children’s representation and understanding of death and sometimes even helped both the parents and their children to face difficult moments such as those caused by the pandemic.
Graph matching beyond perfectly-overlapping Erdős–Rényi random graphs
Authors: Hu Yaofang , Wang Wanjie , Yu Yi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGraph matching is a fruitful area in terms of both algorithms and theories. Given two graphs $$G_1 = (V_1, E_1)$$

G
1

=

(

V
1

,

E
1

)

and $$G_2 = (V_2, E_2)$$

G
2

=

(

V
2

,

E
2

)

, where $$V_1$$

V
1

and $$V_2$$

V
2

are the same or largely overlapped upon an unknown permutation $$\pi ^*$$

π
∗

, graph matching is to seek the correct mapping $$\pi ^*$$

π
∗

. In this paper, we exploit the degree information, which was previously used only in noiseless graphs and perfectly-overlapping Erdős–Rényi random graphs matching. We are concerned with graph matching of partially-overlapping graphs and stochastic block models, which are more useful in tackling real-life problems. We propose the edge exploited degree profile graph matching method and two refined variations. We conduct a thorough analysis of our proposed methods’ performances in a range of challenging scenarios, including coauthorship data set and a zebrafish neuron activity data set. Our methods are proved to be numerically superior than the state-of-the-art methods. The algorithms are implemented in the R (A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, 2020) package GMPro (GMPro: graph matching with degree profiles, 2020).
Synthesis and inverse virtual screening of new bi-cyclic structures towards cancer-relevant cellular targets
Authors: Crocetti Letizia , Floresta Giuseppe , Nazir Shabnam , Vergelli Claudia , Bhogal Amrit , Biancalani Claudio , Cesari Nicoletta , Giovannoni Maria Paola , Cilibrizzi Agostino 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report here synthetic approaches to access new classes of small molecules based on three heterocyclic scaffolds, i.e. 3,7-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyridazine-4,8-dione, 1,8-naphthyridin-4(1H)-one and 4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one. The bi-cyclic structure 3,7-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyridazine-4,8-dione is a new heterocycle, described here for the first time. In silico methodologies of inverse virtual screening have been used to preliminary analyse the molecules, in order to explore their potential as hits for chemical biology investigations. Our computational study has been conducted with 43 synthetically accessible small molecules towards 31 cellular proteins involved in cancer pathogenesis. Binding energies were quantified using molecular docking calculations, allowing to define the relative affinities of the ligands for the cellular targets. Through this methodology, 16 proteins displayed effective interactions with distinct small molecules within the matrix. In addition, 23 ligands have demonstrated high affinity for at least one cellular protein, using as reference the co-crystallised ligand in the X-ray structure. The evaluation of ADME and drug score for selected hits also highlights that these new molecular series can serve as sources of lead candidates for further structure optimisation and biological studies.
On Measuring and Controlling the Spectral Bias of the Deep Image Prior
Authors: Shi Zenglin , Mettes Pascal , Maji Subhransu , Snoek Cees G. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe deep image prior showed that a randomly initialized network with a suitable architecture can be trained to solve inverse imaging problems by simply optimizing it’s parameters to reconstruct a single degraded image. However, it suffers from two practical limitations. First, it remains unclear how to control the prior beyond the choice of the network architecture. Second, training requires an oracle stopping criterion as during the optimization the performance degrades after reaching an optimum value. To address these challenges we introduce a frequency-band correspondence measure to characterize the spectral bias of the deep image prior, where low-frequency image signals are learned faster and better than high-frequency counterparts. Based on our observations, we propose techniques to prevent the eventual performance degradation and accelerate convergence. We introduce a Lipschitz-controlled convolution layer and a Gaussian-controlled upsampling layer as plug-in replacements for layers used in the deep architectures. The experiments show that with these changes the performance does not degrade during optimization, relieving us from the need for an oracle stopping criterion. We further outline a stopping criterion to avoid superfluous computation. Finally, we show that our approach obtains favorable results compared to current approaches across various denoising, deblocking, inpainting, super-resolution and detail enhancement tasks. Code is available at https://github.com/shizenglin/Measure-and-Control-Spectral-Bias.
Vegetation and water of lowland spring-wells in Po Plain (Northern Italy): ecological features and management proposals
Authors: Giupponi Luca , Borgonovo Gigliola , Leoni Valeria , Zuccolo Marco , Bischetti Gian Battista 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSpring-wells (lowland springs, “fontanili”) are elements of Po Plain (Northern Italy) with ecological and historical importance. There, spring-water flows naturally and rises to the surface at a relatively constant temperature, generating unique ecosystems dependent on the groundwater outflow. Despite their importance, they are endangered by degradation processes as the expansion of urban areas and/or the intensification of agriculture, very marked in Po Plain. This research describes four spring-wells of Po Plain from a botanical and ecological perspective through phytosociological relevés and different ecological indexes. Water chemical-physical features are also considered (pH, temperature and ammonium ion, nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, chloride and organic matters contents). Plant communities of the spring-well beds show a low number of species (5.8 ± 2.9) but also no exotic species while the vegetation of the banks has a high number of species (32.4 ± 9.8) but several of them are exotic/ornamental. The low value of the Ecological Index of Maturity of the vegetation of the banks (EIM = 4.4 ± 1.5) indicate disturbances, however moderate compared to the surrounding corn fields (EIM ~ 0). All the water samples has high ammonium content (> 0.50 ppm), the water of the spring-well B results the most polluted and both algae and Callitriche obtusangula (rare native species) grow largely in it, while spring-well C has less phosphates and more nitrite and is marked by Equisetum telmateia. Management proposals to protect and enhance the studied spring-wells, as the gradual removal of exotic species and the planting of native species, are discussed.