bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daily reciprocal relations between emotion dysregulation and non‐suicidal self‐injury among individuals with a history of sexual assault: The influence of posttraumatic stress symptoms
Authors: Raudales Alexa M. , Yang Manshu , Schatten Heather T. , Armey Michael F. , Weiss Nicole H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionNon‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is a serious public health concern that can be understood within an emotion dysregulation framework. The current study adds to the literature by utilizing a micro‐longitudinal design and novel statistical modeling to test reciprocal associations between emotion dysregulation and NSSI, as well as the potential moderating effect of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS).MethodsParticipants were 81 individuals with a history of sexual assault and NSSI (Mage = 33.80; 67.9% women; 80.2% white) recruited from the community who self‐reported on symptoms of emotion dysregulation and NSSI thoughts/behaviors once daily for 7 days. Average compliance rate was 72.8% (SD = 31.3%) and 34 participants (42.0%) endorsed NSSI thoughts/behaviors over the course of the study.ResultsFindings revealed a significant positive effect of NSSI thoughts/behaviors on subsequent abilities to regulate negative emotions. Furthermore, while results did not detect a moderating influence of baseline PTSS on the relation between emotion dysregulation and NSSI thoughts/behaviors over time, individuals with higher baseline PTSS were found to experience heightened levels of NSSI thoughts/behaviors and emotion dysregulation on average.ConclusionInformation from this study may be useful for future research and intervention development focused on the intersection of NSSI, PTSS, and emotion dysregulation.
The association of venous thromboembolism with blood transfusion in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Massicotte‐Azarniouch David , Sood Manish M. , Fergusson Dean A. , Chassé Michaël , Tinmouth Alan , Knoll Greg A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell transfusion (RBCT) is common after kidney transplantation and could have pro‐thrombotic effects predisposing to venous thromboembolism (VTE). The risks for developing of VTE after RBCT in kidney transplant patients are unknown.Study Design and MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of adult kidney transplant recipients from 2002 to 2018. The exposure of interest was receipt of RBCT after transplant. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for the outcomes of venous thromboembolism [VTE] (deep venous thrombosis [DVT] or pulmonary embolism [PE]) using RBCT as a time‐varying, cumulative exposure.ResultsOut of 1258 kidney transplants recipients, 468 (37%) were transfused during the study period. Seventy‐nine study participants (6.3%) developed VTE, 72 DVT (5.7%), and 22 PE (1.8%). For the receipt of 1, 2, 3–5, and >5 RBCT, compared to individuals never transfused, the number of events and adjusted HR (95%CI) for VTE were 6 (6.2%) HR 1.57 (0.69–3.58), 9 (7.6%) HR 2.54 (1.30–4.96), 15 (11.9%) HR 2.73 (1.38–5.41), and 23 (18.1%) HR 5.77 (2.99–11.14) respectively; for DVT, it was 6 (6.2%) HR 1.94 (0.84–4.48), 9 (7.6%) HR 2.92 (1.44–5.94), 14 (11.1%) HR 3.29 (1.63–6.65), and 21 (16.5%) HR 6.97 (3.53–13.76), respectively. For PE, among transfused individuals, there were 14 events (3.0%) and the HR was 2.40 (1.02–5.61).ConclusionThe risks for developing VTE, DVT, and PE were significantly increased in kidney transplant patients receiving RBCT after transplant. Receipt of RBCT should prompt considerations for judicious monitoring and assessment for thrombosis.
A Phase Field Model for the Damage and Fracture of Multiple Network Elastomers
Authors: Zhao Zeang , Wang Panding , Duan Shengyu , Lei Ming , Lei Hongshuai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This work develops a continuum phase field model for predicting the damage initiation and crack propagation in multiple network elastomers. Previous researches have revealed that failure of multiple network elastomers involves microscopic damage initiation by the chain scission of filler network and macroscopic fracture by penetrating crack of matrix network. However, most existing models for multiple network elastomers only deal with its finite deformation and strain softening process, which are unable to capture the initiation and propagation of cracks. In this work, to bridge the microscopic damage and the macroscopic fracture of multiple network elastomers in the finite deformation model, we incorporate the phase field variable of crack surface density to model the crack propagation and the internal damage variable to model the chain scission. By forming a multi-field variational framework, the developed model can be used to simulate the macroscopic deformation and fracture of multiple network elastomers. Through a finite element implementation of the phase field model, previous experiment results obtained from uniaxial tension and unilateral fracture can be well predicted. Moreover, experimentally observed damage zone formed by sacrificing filler network to achieve toughening effect is also numerically illustrated in simulation, giving much clearer pictures for the contributions of different energy dissipation mechanisms.
Compressor Surge Precursors for a Turbocharger Coupled to a Pressure Vessel
Authors: Silvestri Paolo , Reggio Federico , Niccolini Marmont Du Haut Champ Carlo Alberto , Ferrari Mario Luigi , Massardo Aristide Fausto 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dynamic compressors operating region is mainly constrained by fluid-dynamic instabilities occurring at low mass flow rate conditions, such as surge and rotating stall. This work presents a vibro-acoustic experimental investigation on a centrifugal compressor of an automotive turbocharger aimed to identify and confirm some surge precursor values in correspondence of its inception conditions. The experimental campaign was carried out at the University of Genoa and developed on a vaneless diffuser turbocharger exploited for the pressurization of an innovative solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) emulator. The investigated turbocharger is coupled with a pressure vessel for a former emulation activity on a pressurized SOFC. In this kind of plants, the joint effect of large volume size downstream of the compressor makes more complex the dynamic behavior of the whole system during transients, thus significantly increasing surge onset risk.
The activity The main goal is to obtain a suitable quantitative indicator capable to detect in advance surge inception by relying only on vibrational and acoustic system response. Several transient operations starting from a compressor stable condition to surge instability onset were performed at different initial rotating speeds by progressively closing specific valves in the air line. When moving close to the surge line, vibro acoustic signals were acquired at a high sampling rate to detect variations in compressor blade passage phenomena due to possible interactions with rotating stall inception. Meanwhile, the trend of pressures, temperatures and mass flow rates measured in specific plant sections were acquired at a lower sampling rate to obtain a link between the compressor vibro-acoustic and performance behavior. Cyclostationary analysis and Several post-processing methods in time, angle and frequency domains were performed on microphone and accelerometer acquired signals to provide innovative diagnostic and predictive solutions (precursors) able to warn the incoming of surge compressor instability with cheap and not intrusive sensors like microphones and accelerometers.
Exergy Analysis of Green Power-to-Hydrogen Chemical Energy Storage
Authors: Escamilla Antonio , Sánchez David , García-Rodríguez Lourdes 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Power-to-Hydrogen-to-Power are chemical energy storage systems that store surplus renewable energy in the form of hydrogen, through water electrolysis, for its later use as power when power demand rises again. Due to the very low energy and mass density of H2 at standard conditions, 0.083 kg/m3, compression of hydrogen to pressures as high as 900 bar is usually performed for storage. This is why variations in the operating conditions of the electrolyzers lead to significantly different operating conditions of the hydrogen compression system. Accordingly, a detailed thermodynamic analysis is required to identify the individual contributions of each component to the total exergy losses: a proton-exchange membrane electrolyser, and a volumetric compressor. As expected, the volumetric compressor shows the largest improvement when switching from single stage compression to multistage intercooled compression; in particular, moving from single adiabatic compression to four compression stages with intercooling enables an exergy efficiency improvement of more than ≈20 %. On the other hand, the study reveals that optimizing the operating temperature and pressure of the electrolyzer can lead to compression exergy efficiency gains of ≈5 % when the operating temperature of the electrolyser is reduced from 352.15 K to 313.15 K and ≈25 % when the corresponding pressure increases from 1bar to 30 bar. On the contrary, reducing the operating temperature of the electrolyzer would lead to an increase in the power requirements to split the water molecule, thereby reducing the overall exergy efficiency of the system by ≈2 %.
Techno-Economic Dispatch Analysis of a Case Study Consisting of Micro Gas Turbines Using Real-Time Data
Authors: Uslu Hasan Huseyin , Vinci Andrea , Saviozzi Matteo , Mosaico Gabriele , Assadi Mohsen , Silvestro Federico , Nikpey Somehsaraei Homam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The high share of renewables has a significant role in decarbonization targets. However, it increases the intermittency of the power supply and disrupts the optimal operation and grid reliability. This raises the costs for the system and the end-users. To avoid such costs, distributed and dispatchable power generation technologies like small scale combined heat and power systems (CHP) should be promoted to avoid transmission losses and fulfill the energy needs of customers. In this regard, micro gas turbine (MGT) technology can be considered a promising and attractive solution through its environmentally friendly operation and fuel flexibility.
Within the scope of this paper, such a solution is proposed as a system consisting of MGTs for CHP purposes to capture the advantage derived from the potential gap between electricity and gas tariff prices for public organizations in Italy. The analyses are based on expected spot power and gas prices traded on the forward markets and actual tariff prices to show the real potential. A specific case study, consisting of 14 buildings of the University of Genoa (UniGe) in Italy has been studied, focusing on using MGTs for CHP as an alternative for the existing energy solution which is electricity and natural gas import from the national grid. A real-time energy monitoring system for the buildings is available at present. The proposed system considers all data points for the consumption and generation capacity of MGTs and optimizes the operational schedule of MGTs based on the electricity and heat demand together with the power and gas prices according to the time zones. Then a comparison is made between the current situation, which is the electricity import from the grid with a variable tariff; and the proposed system, based on net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), return on investment (ROI), and payback period.
Further analysis is performed to demonstrate the opportunities to use hydrogen as an alternative fuel in MGTs and breakeven hydrogen price is calculated to show where it becomes more attractive than natural gas for this case.
Maternal socioeconomic status and infant feeding practices underlying pathways to child stunting in Cambodia: structural path analysis using cross-sectional population data
Authors: Harvey Chloe Mercedes , Newell Marie-Louise , Padmadas Sabu 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo identify and investigate complex pathways to stunting among children aged 6–24 months to determine the mediating effects of dietary diversity and continued breast feeding on the association between socioeconomic factors and child stunting.Design, setting and participantsWe analysed the most recent cross-sectional Demographic and Health Survey data from Cambodia (2014). We applied structural path analysis on a sample of 1365 children to model the complex and inter-related pathways of factors determining children’s height for age. Explanatory variables included a composite indicator of maternal employment, household wealth, maternal education, current breastfeeding status and dietary diversity score. Results are presented both in terms of non-standardised and standardised coefficients.Outcome measureThe primary outcome measure was height-for-age Z-scores as a continuous measure.ResultsFindings suggest that children’s dietary diversity and continued breast feeding mediate the association between socioeconomic status and children’s height. While there was no significant direct effect of maternal education on children’s height, results suggested significant indirect pathways through which maternal education effects children’s height; operating through household wealth, maternal employment, dietary diversity and continued breastfeeding status (p<0.001). Most notably, 41% of the effect of maternal employment on children’s height was mediated by either dietary diversity or continued breast feeding.ConclusionWe provide evidence to support targeted nutrition interventions which account for the different ways in which underlying socioeconomic factors influence infant and young child feeding practices, and the potential impact on child nutritional status.
Diagnostic accuracy of blood tests of inflammation in paediatric appendicitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fawkner-Corbett David , Hayward Gail , Alkhmees Mohammed , Van Den Bruel Ann , Ordóñez-Mena Jose M , Holtman Gea A 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivePossible childhood appendicitis is a common emergency presentation. The exact value of blood tests is debated. This study sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of four blood tests (white cell count (WCC), neutrophil(count or percentage), C reactive protein (CRP) and/or procalcitonin) for childhood appendicitis.DesignA systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis. Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, Central, Web of Science searched from inception-March 2022 with reference searching and authors contacted for missing/unclear data. Eligibility criteria was studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of the four blood tests compared to the reference standard (histology or follow-up). Risk of bias was assessed (QUADAS-2), pooled sensitivity and specificity were generated for each test and commonly presented cut-offs. To provide insight into clinical impact, we present strategies using a hypothetical cohort.Results67 studies were included (34 839 children, 13 342 with appendicitis), all in the hospital setting. The most sensitive tests were WCC (≥10 000 cells/µL, 53 studies sensitivity 0.85 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.89)) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (≥7500 cells/µL, five studies sensitivity 0.90 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.94)). Combination of WCC or CRP increased sensitivity further(≥10 000 cells/µL or ≥10 mg/L, individual patient data (IPD) of 6 studies, 0.97 (95% CI 0.93 to 0.99)).Applying results to a hypothetical cohort(1000 children with appendicitis symptoms, of whom 400 have appendicitis) 60 and 40 children would be wrongly discharged based solely on WCC and ANC, respectively, 12 with combination of WCC or CRP.The most specific tests were CRP alone (≥50 mg/L, 38 studies, specificity 0.87 (95% CI 0.80 to 0.91)) or combined with WCC (≥10 000 cells/µL and ≥50 mg/L, IPD of six studies, 0.93 (95% CI 0.91 to 0.95)).ConclusionsThe best performing single blood tests for ruling-out paediatric appendicitis are WCC or ANC; with accuracy improved combining WCC and CRP. These tests could be used at the point of care in combination with clinical prediction rules. We provide insight into the best cut-offs for clinical application.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017080036
Effectiveness of virtual reality on functional mobility during treadmill training in children with cerebral palsy: a single-blind, two-arm parallel group randomised clinical trial (VirtWalkCP Project)
Authors: Ochandorena-Acha Mirari , Terradas-Monllor Marc , Nunes Cabrera Tania Fabiola , Torrabias Rodas Meritxell , Grau Sergi 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionTreadmill training and virtual reality have been investigated in children with cerebral palsy. However, few studies have assessed the effectiveness of the combination of both treatments on children’s functional and balance activities. The project aims to compare the effects of treadmill training with and without virtual reality on walking endurance and speed, static and dynamic balance, gross motor function, functional independence, quality of life and occupational participation in children with spastic cerebral palsy between the ages of 4 and 12 years classified at levels I, II and III of the Gross Motor Function Classification System.Methods and analysisThis study is a single-blind, two-arm parallel group, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Participants will be recruited at the Pediatric Department of the Vic Hospital Consortium, and the research will be conducted at the University of Vic – Central University of Catalonia. The participants will be randomly allocated into two groups: (1) the experimental group, which will receive the treadmill training at the same time as the virtual reality; and (2) the control group, which will undertake treadmill gait training alone. The training will be provided in 10 sessions over 2 weeks with 30 min for each session. Assessments will be performed on three occasions: 1 week before the intervention, 1 week following the intervention and 1 month after the end of the intervention. The evaluations will involve the 6 min walk test, stabilometry, the Berg Balance Scale, the 10 m walk test, the Gross Motor Function Measure, the Functional Independence Measure, the paediatric quality of life inventory and the Children Participation Questionnaire. For between-within group comparison, a mixed-effect linear model will be used.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Osona Foundation for Health Research and Education (2021061). Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT05131724.
Serum oestradiol levels and risk of adverse cardiovascular events associated with gender-affirming oestrogen therapy: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rytz Chantal L , Turino Miranda Keila , Ronksley Paul E , Dumanski Sandra M , Saad Nathalie , Raj Satish R , Somayaji Ranjani , Ganshorn Heather , Newbert Amelia M , Peace Lindsay , Ahmed Sofia B 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe use of gender-affirming oestrogen therapy (GAOT) is an integral part of the gender-affirming transition process for transgender women (assigned male at birth who identify as women) and gender-diverse individuals. However, its use may present significant cardiovascular implications, which may be influenced by systemic oestradiol levels. Therefore, we aim to establish the association between serum oestradiol levels and incidence of adverse cardiovascular events in individuals using GAOT.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review addressing the association between serum oestradiol levels and risk of adverse cardiovascular events in individuals using GAOT. Our primary outcome is the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events, our secondary outcome is the incidence of cardiovascular-related mortality and our tertiary outcome is cardiovascular-related risk factors. Electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, MEDLINE and Web of Science) will be searched from inception until September 2022. Two investigators will independently complete screening to determine appropriateness of inclusion. Extracted data will include information on serum sex hormone levels (oestradiol and testosterone), participants, GAOT (route of administration, formulations, dosages and duration of exposure), incidence of cardiovascular outcomes, study quality and risk of bias. Inter-reviewer reliability will be calculated at both phases. Data will be presented both descriptively and meta-analysed using a random effects model, if appropriate. Heterogeneity will be explored and meta-regressed if noted.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not needed. We will disseminate findings through international conferences, distributions to transgender and gender-diverse support organisations, decision-makers and key stakeholders. The final systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberCRD42021247717.
Best Case/Worst Case: protocol for a multisite randomised clinical trial of a scenario planning intervention for patients with kidney failure
Authors: Haug Karlie , Buffington Anne , Zelenski Amy , Hanlon Bret M , Stalter Lily , Kwekkeboom Kristine L , Rathouz Paul , Bansal Amar D , Cheung Katharine , Crews Deidra , Frazier Rebecca , Koncicki Holly , Lam Daniel , Moss Alvin , Rao Maya , Wolfgram Dawn F , Yi Jeniann , Brill Carrie , Kendrick Rachael , Campbell Toby C , Jhagroo Roy , Schwarze Margaret 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionGiven the burdens of treatment and poor prognosis, older adults with kidney failure would benefit from improved decision making and palliative care to clarify goals, address symptoms, and reduce unwanted procedures. Best Case/Worst Case (BC/WC) is a communication tool that uses scenario planning to support patients’ decision making. This article describes the protocol for a multisite, cluster randomised trial to test the effect of training nephrologists to use the BC/WC communication tool on patient receipt of palliative care, and quality of life and communication.Methods and analysisWe are enrolling attending nephrologists, at 10 study sites in the USA, who see outpatients with advanced chronic kidney disease considering dialysis. We aim to enrol 320 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤24 mL/min/1.73 m2who are age 60 and older and have a predicted survival of 18 months or less. Nephrologists will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to receive training to use the communication tool (intervention) at study initiation or after study completion (wait-list control). Patients in the intervention group will receive care from a nephrologist trained to use the BC/WC communication tool. Patients in the control group will receive usual care. Using chart review and surveys of patients and caregivers, we will test the efficacy of the BC/WC intervention with receipt of palliative care as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes include intensity of treatment at the end of life, the effect of the intervention on quality of communication (QOC) between nephrologists and patients (using the QOC scale), the change in quality of life (using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Palliative Care scale) and receipt of dialysis.Ethics and disseminationApprovals have been granted by the Institutional Review Board at the University of Wisconsin (ID: 2022-0193), with each study site ceding review to the primary IRB. All nephrologists will be consented and given a copy of the consent form. No patients or caregivers will be recruited or consented until their nephrology provider has chosen to participate in the study. Results will be disseminated via submission for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and at national meetings.Trial registration numberNCT04466865.