bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New context, new content—Rethinking genital anatomy in textbooks
Authors: Hayes Jennifer A. , Temple‐Smith Meredith J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt has been widely claimed that reductions in allocated teaching time and the widespread implementation of short‐cut teaching methodologies have led to a shortfall in anatomy knowledge among graduating doctors. This decline in knowledge is evident in the failure of anatomy content to prepare graduates for contemporary clinical practice. The implications for postgraduate surgical training are addressed in the numerous extracurricular anatomy courses available to surgical candidates. This paper focuses on genital diversity and its relevance to non‐surgical graduates, thus highlighting another potential impact of this knowledge shortfall on frontline clinic consultations. As the gender revolution and female genital cosmetic surgery industry flourish, nothing in contemporary anatomy textbooks addresses issues of diversification of female genitalia nor gives medical graduates a realistic view of what is normal regarding female genital appearance.
Distributed control for state‐of‐charge balance and load voltage regulation in DC microgrids with clustered generations
Authors: Zhang Zhicheng , Zuo Zhiqiang , Wang Yijing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the issue of state‐of‐charge balance and load voltage regulation of DC microgrids used in solar‐powered vehicles is investigated. The system consists of multiple distributed generation units, each of which is equipped with photovoltaic cells and energy storage systems. Based on the information shared among the neighbors, a single‐layered distributed control strategy is proposed to solve two aspects of the problem simultaneously. Rigorous analysis of the closed‐loop system ensures stability and the effectiveness of the control strategy. The power constraints of each distributed generation unit are taken into consideration so that safety and applicability are guaranteed. To avoid the cycling of the batteries, the state‐of‐charge balance is achieved by regulating the output power feeding a common load, promoting efficiency and battery life. The proposed controller operates without any knowledge about load, line impedance, and global information of communication network, and consequently possesses the capability of plug‐and‐play. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability are illustrated by an example from the Sky‐Sailor project.
Structural Information Modeling – Die digitale Transformation der Bauwerksdiagnostik
Authors: Schacht Gregor , Fritsch Christina , Voigt Chris , Ewert Eric , Arndt Ralf 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBauwerksdiagnostische Untersuchungen sind die Voraussetzung für eine verlässliche Bewertung von bestehenden Tragwerken. Häufig fehlen konkrete und realistische Informationen über den tatsächlichen Bauwerkszustand und damit die Eingangsgrößen für die rechnerische Nachweisführung. Anders als bei Neubauten müssen diese Annahmen nicht geschätzt und durch zusätzliche Sicherheitselemente abgedeckt werden, sondern können zuverlässig mit ihrer tatsächlichen Eigenschaft sowie Streuung am Bestandstragwerk erfasst werden. Die Bauwerksdiagnostik bietet eine Vielzahl an Möglichkeiten, den Bestand und Zustand der Materialien sowie Konstruktionen realitätsgetreu zu erkunden. Die digitale Revolution des Bauwesens bedingt neue Konzepte, mit denen es gelingt, unsere bestehenden Tragwerke wesentlich effizienter und v. a. länger nutzen zu können. Der digitale Bauwerkszwilling ermöglicht die Zusammenführung und Verknüpfung von Daten unterschiedlichster Struktur und Herkunft. Damit müssen zwangsweise auch bauwerksdiagnostische Daten konsequent digitalisiert, in solche digitalen Zwillinge integriert und in Kombination mit den weiteren Bestands‐ und Zustandsdaten für den Nutzer aufbereitet werden. Dieser methodische Ansatz des Structural Information Modeling bildet die Grundlage für eine realistischere und zuverlässigere Bewertung bestehender Bauwerke.
Preparation of transparent photoluminescence smart window by integration of rare‐earth aluminate nanoparticles into recycled polyethylene waste
Authors: Alhasani Mona , Al‐Qahtani Salhah D. , Hameed Ahmed , Snari Razan M. , Shah Reem , Alfi Alia Abdulaziz , El‐Metwaly Nashwa M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNovel photoluminescent nanocomposite sheets were prepared for simple commercial manufacturing of transparent and luminous photochromic smart windows. A simple physical integration of lanthanide‐doped strontium aluminium oxide (LdSAO) nanoparticles into recycled polyethylene (PE) waste produced a smart nanocomposite with persistent phosphorescence and photochromic properties. Because the nanoparticle form of LdSAO is important for developing transparent materials, LdSAO nanoparticles were well dispersed in the PE matrix. Both the morphologies and chemical compositions of the LdSAO nanoparticles and LdSAO‐containing luminescent PE sheets were investigated. Both LdSAO‐free and photoluminescent PE sheets were colourless in normal daylight. However the LdSAO‐containing PE luminescent samples only exhibited a brilliant green colour under ultraviolet (UV) light and a greenish‐yellow colour in the dark as verified by Commission Internationale de l'éclairage laboratory parameters. Both absorbance and emission bands were monitored at 377 and 436/517 nm, respectively. The LdSAO‐containing PE luminescent sheets were compared with the LdSAO‐free sample using both photoluminescence spectroscopy and for their mechanical properties and were found to have improved scratch resistance, UV protection, and superhydrophobic activity. Due to the added LdSAO, photoluminescence, decay, and lifetime spectral tests confirmed its photochromic fluorescence and long‐lasting phosphorescence characteristics. The PE@LdSAO nanocomposite sheets displayed UV protection, photostability, hydrophobicity, and excellent durability compared with the blank LdSAO‐free PE sheet.
How to renew business strategy to achieve sustainability and circularity? A process model of strategic development in incumbent technology companies
Authors: Kaipainen Jenni , Aarikka‐Stenroos Leena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStrategic development to promote sustainability and circularity challenges incumbents to fundamentally renew their way of doing business. However, the management of this type of strategic development process, that is, strategic renewal aiming at achieving sustainability, remains largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated what constitutes incumbents' strategic renewal aimed at achieving sustainability and how to manage each stage of this process. We conducted a single‐case study of the incumbent tech company, Neste Oyj, which is renewing from a fossil‐based business to a sustainable and circular business. We analyzed multisourced interview‐ and document‐based data collected from a 25‐year longitudinal case study by applying a processual approach and the critical incident technique. We proposed an empirically based process model of business strategy renewal comprising five stages, each of which follows the subprocesses of strategic formulation, implementation, and evaluation. The findings and the process model extend the theoretical understanding of incumbents' business strategy development to achieve sustainability and circularity. The proposed model will enable managers to understand what management issues to focus on and what actions are needed at each stage of the strategic renewal process.
Application of Baidu Apollo open platform in a course of control simulation experiments
Authors: Feng Minjian , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the application of Baidu Apollo open platform in a course of control simulation experiments. First of all, to let students have a full understanding of industrial‐level autonomous driving systems, the overall architecture of Apollo is introduced from four aspects: hardware platform, software platform, cloud service, and vehicle open platform. Then, we carry out a related course based on the control module of the software platform. The theoretical knowledge part mainly has two contents: one is the principle of controller and trajectory analyzer, which are the main components of the control module; the other is the corresponding code composition structure. The experimental part is to write code on GitHub based on the given questions and tips. Finally, students test the code according to the operation steps of the cloud simulation platform. This course can increase students' interest in autonomous driving and allow them to gain vast knowledge in practical implementations.
Protective Effect of the Pearl Extract from Pinctada fucata martensii Dunker on UV‐Induced Photoaging in Mice
Authors: Zhang Zhongmin , Xu Yunling , Lai Ruicheng , Deng Huiyuan , Zhou Fengling , Wang Peiyan , Pang Xiubing , Huang Guoxin , Chen Xin , Lin Haoge , Lin Yong , Chen Zhenxing , Lin Jiang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough the effect of pearl powder has been recognized for more than a thousand years from healthcare to beauty care, there has yet to be an in‐depth understanding of its anti‐photoaging effect. In the present study, the protective effect of pearl extract (PE) on UV‐induced photoaging in mice was evaluated. First, the amino acid analysis of PE was carried out. Then, different dosages of pearl extract gel (PEG) were applied topically on the shaved dorsal skins regions of mice before UV irradiation. Skin physiological and histological analysis, antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory factor test were used to evaluate the anti‐photoaging effect of PEG. The results showed that PEG contained 14 amino acids, and could inhibit UV‐irritated skin wrinkles, laxity, thickness, and dryness. Moreover, PEG upregulated the activities of CAT, GSH‐Px, SOD and decreased MDA level, and suppressed the production of IL‐1β, IL‐6, PGE2, TNF‐α, and COX‐2 in UV‐irradiated mice. The therapeutic effect in high dose PEG group was superior to those of positive control (Vitamin E). This study demonstrated the underlying mechanisms of PEG against UV‐irritated photoaging. And PEG possesses a potential use in photoprotective medicines and cosmetics.
Opportunities for Expanding Encoded Chemical Diversification and Improving Hit Enrichment in mRNA‐Displayed Peptide Libraries
Authors: Melsen Paddy R. A. , Yoshisada Ryoji , Jongkees Seino A. K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDNA‐encoded small‐molecule libraries and mRNA displayed peptide libraries both use numerically large pools of oligonucleotide‐tagged molecules to identify potential hits for protein targets. They differ dramatically, however, in the ‘drug‐likeness’ of the molecules that each can be used to discover. We give here an overview of the two techniques, comparing some advantages and disadvantages of each, and suggest areas where particularly mRNA display can benefit from adopting advances developed with DNA‐encoded small molecule libraries. We outline cases where chemical modification of the peptide library has already been used in mRNA display, and survey opportunities to expand this using examples from DNA‐encoded small molecule libraries. We also propose potential opportunities for encoding such reactions within the mRNA/cDNA tag of an mRNA‐displayed peptide library to allow a more diversity‐oriented approach to library modification. Finally, we outline alternate approaches for enriching target‐binding hits from a pooled and tagged library, and close by detailing several examples of how an adjusted mRNA‐display based approach could be used to discover new ‘drug‐like’ modified small peptides.
The Impact of Lithium Tungstate on the Densification and Conductivity of Phosphate Lithium‐Ion Conductors
Authors: Odenwald Philipp , Ma Qianli , Davaasuren Bambar , Dashjav Enkhtsetseg , Tietz Frank , Wolff Michael , Rheinheimer Wolfgang , Uhlenbruck Sven , Guillon Olivier , Fattakhova‐Rohlfing Dina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Fattakhova‐Rohlfing from Forschungszentrum Jülich (IEK‐1). The cover picture shows LATP powder and a dense LATP pellet obtained after powder sintering, which typically requires high temperatures. With only a small weight fraction of Li2WO4, a significant reduction in sintering temperature and increase in ionic conductivity can be achieved. Processing and performance improvements render Li2WO4 a very promising sintering aid for the development of LATP‐based solid‐state batteries like the pouch cell also shown in the cover picture. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202101366.
Bubble Cutting by Cylinder – Elimination of Wettability Effects by a Separating Liquid Film
Authors: Wang Shuo , Rohlfs Patrick , Börnhorst Marion , Schillaci Andrea , Marschall Holger , Deutschmann Olaf , Wörner Martin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractExperiments and simulations are presented for the interaction of single bubbles rising in a viscous liquid against a horizontal cylinder (Ø = 4 mm) of varying wettability. The slide‐off of small and the cutting of larger bubbles into two daughter bubbles observed in the experiment are reproduced by phase‐field simulations. It is shown that in the entire process bubble and cylinder are separated by a liquid film, which eliminates any influence of cylinder wettability. Before the mother bubble splits, a thinning gas thread develops below the cylinder. The rupture of this gas thread can lead to a different number of satellite bubbles depending on the conditions.
JAK inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Witkoff Ben , Logas Christopher M. , Glick Brad P. , Del Rosso James Q. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe inhibition of the Janus kinase (JAK)–signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway, a recently discovered pathway, has been shown to treat patients with atopic dermatitis. All four JAKS (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) have been shown to have increased signaling through key cytokines related to atopic dermatitis and itch. The JAK inhibitors are divided into first generation and second generation with the second generation JAK inhibitors having more JAK isoform selectivity. Currently, only ruxolitinib topical formulation has achieved FDA approval for use in atopic dermatitis. Many others are at different stages in trials and pending approval applications. The section contains a review of the JAK inhibitors related to atopic dermatitis
Community welfare resources and late‐life depression among older adults in Seoul: A multi‐level analysis
Authors: Ha Seok Cheol , Nam Eunji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine whether community welfare resources in neighborhoods (recreational facilities, healthcare access, and public welfare expenditure) are associated with late‐life depression among older adults in Seoul, South Korea.MethodsData for this study were obtained by merging two different data sources: the 2018 Seoul Elderly Survey for individual‐level variables and publicly available administrative data for neighborhood‐level variables. The sample included 3036 older adults (unweighted n = 3034) living in 25 neighborhoods (Gu) in Seoul. Multilevel regression models examined the effects of neighborhood‐level variables on late‐life depression while controlling for individual‐level variables. We also explored the extent to which individual characteristics moderate the main effects of neighborhood characteristics on late‐life depression.ResultsThe results indicated that recreational facilities, health care centers, and public welfare expenditure in the neighborhoods were associated with late‐life depression among older adults beyond individuals' predisposing conditions. Also, the effects of recreational facilities and public welfare expenditure on depressive symptoms were larger for those with higher education level.ConclusionsOlder adults living in neighborhoods with more recreational facilities, more health care centers, and high public welfare expenditure were less likely to experience late‐life depression. Of note is that the effects of neighborhoods' recreational facilities and public welfare expenditure varied by certain individual characteristics. Hence, local governments should introduce neighborhood‐based health promotion policies to prevent depression among older adults. In doing so, local governments should also consider ways to improve access to community welfare resources for underprivileged older adults.
The Market in Noninvasive Prenatal Tests and the Message to Consumers: Exploring Responsibility
Authors: Holloway Kelly , Simms Nicole , Hayeems Robin Z. , Miller Fiona A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe potential for bias in industry‐developed information about noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), in addition to the lack of regulatory oversight for this type of product, raises questions about clinical communication and adoption. We identify NIPTs marketed globally and analyze their English‐language consumer‐oriented brochures to determine whether they meet existing policy and ethical guidance from the Nuffield Council on Bioethics on NIPT marketing, how they establish the legitimacy of the test given the lack of regulatory oversight for NIPT, and whether content differs between the brochures from for‐profit and nonprofit entities. In many of these brochures, NIPTs are misrepresented as diagnostic tests, claims lack supporting evidence, regulatory bodies that do not evaluate the test itself are referenced, and clinicians are invoked as authorities on specific NIPTs. Our findings substantiate concerns about the extent to which commercial imperatives operating in the absence of market‐access regulation could exacerbate problems of misrepresentation and inaccuracy in marketing materials.
Cortical thickness systematically varies with curvature and depth in healthy human brains
Authors: Demirci Nagehan , Holland Maria A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCortical thickness varies throughout the cortex in a systematic way. However, it is challenging to investigate the patterns of cortical thickness due to the intricate geometry of the cortex. The cortex has a folded nature both in radial and tangential directions which forms not only gyri and sulci but also tangential folds and intersections. In this article, cortical curvature and depth are used to characterize the spatial distribution of the cortical thickness with much higher resolution than conventional regional atlases. To do this, a computational pipeline was developed that is capable of calculating a variety of quantitative measures such as surface area, cortical thickness, curvature (mean curvature, Gaussian curvature, shape index, intrinsic curvature index, and folding index), and sulcal depth. By analyzing 501 neurotypical adult human subjects from the ABIDE‐I dataset, we show that cortex has a very organized structure and cortical thickness is strongly correlated with local shape. Our results indicate that cortical thickness consistently increases along the gyral–sulcal spectrum from concave to convex shape, encompassing the saddle shape along the way. Additionally, tangential folds influence cortical thickness in a similar way as gyral and sulcal folds; outer folds are consistently thicker than inner.
Reconceptualizing identities: Veterans' perspectives on career transition challenges
Authors: Becker Karen , Bish Adelle , McCormack Matthew , Abell Dan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThose who serve in military organizations typically develop a strong sense of identification with the defense force and those with whom they serve. However, when these individuals leave military service, they can experience a sense of displacement or culture shock, making transition into a civilian career a difficult prospect. This paper sought to explore veterans' experiences during the transition into civilian work and, in particular, the impact of this transition on their identity as they are socialized in a civilian organization. The stories of 31 Australian Defence Force veterans were gathered via semi‐structured interviews to provide insight into the experiences during transition and the changing nature of their identity as they began working outside a military environment. The findings identify three stages of identity adjustment through which veterans pass during their transition: realizing, relinquishing, and reconceptualizing. While some encountered more struggles than others depending on their individual circumstances, the findings provide unique insights for HRD theory and practice to enhance the transition of serving military to a civilian workforce.
A comprehensive review on Bi2Te3‐based thin films: Thermoelectrics and beyond
Authors: Tang Xinfeng , Li Ziwei , Liu Wei , Zhang Qingjie , Uher Ctirad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBi2Te3‐based materials are not only the most important and widely used room temperature thermoelectric (TE) materials but are also canonical examples of topological insulators in which the topological surface states are protected by the time‐reversal symmetry. High‐performance thin films based on Bi2Te3 have attracted worldwide attention during the past two decades due primarily to their outstanding TE performance as highly efficient TE coolers and as miniature and flexible TE power generators for a variety of electronic devices. Moreover, intriguing topological phenomena, such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect and topological superconductivity discovered in Bi2Te3‐based thin films and heterostructures, have shaped research directions in the field of condensed matter physics. In Bi2Te3‐based films and heterostructures, delicate control of the carrier transport, film composition, and microstructure are prerequisites for successful device operations as well as for experimental verification of exotic topological phenomena. This review summarizes the recent progress made in atomic defect engineering, carrier tuning, and band engineering down to a nanoscale regime and how it relates to the growth and fabrication of high‐quality Bi2Te3‐based films. The review also briefly discusses the physical insight into the exciting field of topological phenomena that were so dramatically realized in Bi2Te3‐ and Bi2Se3‐based structures. It is expected that Bi2Te3‐based thin films and heterostructures will play an ever more prominent role as flexible TE devices collecting and converting low‐level (body) heat into electricity for numerous electronic applications. It is also likely that such films will continue to be a remarkable platform for the realization of novel topological phenomena.