bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three pediatric cases of symptomatic hyponatremia in Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Oto Yuji , Murakami Nobuyuki , Nakagawa Ryo , Itoh Masatsune , Nagai Toshiro , Matsubara Tomoyo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
A recent large retrospective cohort study of cases of hyponatremia in Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), conducted at nine reference centers, showed that severe hyponatremia was rare in PWS (0.5%); furthermore, all cases involved adults. Here, we describe three pediatric cases of severe hyponatremia in PWS, with neurological symptoms.

Case presentation
The cases involved two girls and one boy, and only one patient showed uniparental disomy. All patients had hyponatremia during infancy and presented with clinical symptoms, such as convulsions. All three patients improved with intravenous fluids and fluid restriction, with no sequelae.

Conclusions
We report three pediatric cases of symptomatic hyponatremia of unknown cause in PWS. In patients with PWS, especially those with neurological symptoms such as convulsions, it is necessary to take hyponatremia into consideration.
From pregnancy to breastfeeding: adequate maternal body mass index is essential to prevent a high body mass index in your children
Authors: Brand Caroline , Fochesatto Camila Felin , Villa-González Emilio , Silveira João Francisco de Castro , Dias Arieli Fernandes , Quevedo Alves Fernanda , Gaya Anelise Reis , Renner Jane Dagmar Pollo , Reuter Cézane Priscila 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To verify the associations between prenatal and perinatal factors with offspring body mass index (BMI) and the moderator role of maternal BMI in this relationship.

Methods
Cross-sectional study developed with 1,562 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years, as well as their mothers, from southern Brazil. The prenatal and perinatal factors, weight, and height for the calculation of maternal BMI were self-reported. For the calculation of BMI, weight and height of the child/adolescent were measured on an anthropometric scale with a coupled stadiometer. Linear regression models were used for the moderation analysis. All analyzes were adjusted for the mother’s and child’s age, sex, sexual maturation, skin color/race, and educational level.

Results
cesarean as type of delivery (β=0.66; 95% CI=0.22 1.04; p=0.002) and pregnancy complications (β=0.60; 95% CI=0.15 1.04; p=0.002) were positively associated with offspring BMI. Schoolchildren who were breastfed for 4–6 months showed −0.56 kg/m2 of BMI (95% CI=−1.06–0.06; p=0.02). Birth weight was also associated with BMI, with low weight being inversely (β=−0.59; 95% CI=−1.03–0.15; p=0.008), while overweight was positively related (β=0.84; 95% CI=0.08 1.60; p=0.02). The moderation analysis indicated a positive interaction between the mother’s BMI and cesarean, pregnancy complications, and smoking with the offspring’s BMI. On the other hand, there was an inverse association between breastfeeding from 7 to 12 months and the offspring BMI, only in mothers with high BMI.

Conclusions
Adequate maternal BMI is essential to prevent a high BMI in their children, especially when considering the influence of prenatal and perinatal risk factors.
A cross-linguistic comparison of reference across five signed languages
Authors: Ferrara Lindsay , Anible Benjamin , Hodge Gabrielle , Jantunen Tommi , Leeson Lorraine , Mesch Johanna , Nilsson Anna-Lena 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Do signers of different signed languages establish and maintain reference the same way? Here we compare how signers of five Western deaf signed languages coordinate fully conventionalized forms with more richly improvised semiotics to identify and talk about referents of varying agency. The five languages (based on a convenience sample) are Auslan, Irish Sign Language, Finnish Sign Language, Norwegian Sign Language, and Swedish Sign Language. Using ten retellings of Frog, Where Are You? from each language, we analyze tokens of referring expressions with respect to: (a) activation status (new vs. maintained vs. re-introduced); (b) semiotic strategy (e.g., pointing sign, fingerspelling, enactment); and (c) animacy (human vs. animal vs. inanimate object). Statistical analysis reveals many similarities and some differences across the languages. For example, signers of each language typically used conventionalized forms to identify new referents, and less conventional strategies to maintain and reintroduce referents. Differences were mainly observed in relation to the patterning across animacy and activation categories and in the use of fingerspelled words from ambient spoken/written languages. We suggest that doing reference in these signed languages involves both signed language-specific and ecology-specific strategies. The latter may be attributed to the different social and historical trajectories of each language.
Observation of nonlinearity-controlled switching of topological edge states
Authors: Arkhipova Antonina A. , Ivanov Sergey K. , Zhuravitskii Sergey A. , Skryabin Nikolay N. , Dyakonov Ivan V. , Kalinkin Alexander A. , Kulik Sergey P. , Kompanets Victor O. , Chekalin Sergey V. , Kartashov Yaroslav V. , Zadkov Victor N. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report the experimental observation of the periodic switching of topological edge states between two dimerized fs-laser written waveguide arrays. Switching occurs due to the overlap of the modal fields of the edge states from topological forbidden gap, when they are simultaneously present in two arrays brought into close proximity. We found that the phenomenon occurs for both strongly and weakly localized edge states and that switching rate increases with decreasing spacing between the topological arrays. When topological arrays are brought in contact with nontopological ones, switching in topological gap does not occur, while one observes either the formation of nearly stationary topological interface mode or strongly asymmetric diffraction into the nontopological array depending on the position of the initial excitation. Switching between topological arrays can be controlled and even completely arrested by increasing the peak power of the input signal, as we observed with different array spacings.
Exploration of the dynamics of hyperbolic tangent fluid through a tapered asymmetric porous channel
Authors: Naduvinamani Neminath Bujjappa , Guttedar Anita Siddayya , Shankar Usha , Basha Hussain 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present physical problem has a significant number of applications in intra-uterine fluid motion with tiny particles in a nonpregnant uterus, and this situation of fluid motion is very important in examining the embryo motion in a uterus. Due to these real-life applications, in the current investigation, a perturbation-oriented numerical investigation has been performed to describe the characteristics features of velocity, pressure rise, and trapping bolus through streamlines in a tapered channel under a porous medium. The present physical model results in the governing two-dimensional coupled nonlinear flow equations under low Reynolds number and long-wavelength approximations. A suitable equation for stream function is derived and a regular perturbation scheme is employed to produce the numerical solutions in terms of pressure rise, velocity, and streamlines for various values of physical parameters. The current investigation depicts that the enhancing Darcy parameter upsurged the pressure field, and the increasing power-law index suppressed the pressure field in the flow regime. The rincreasing channel width significantly diminished the velocity field at the central portion of the channel. The size of the trapping bolus suppressed for the enhancing values of Weissenberg number. In addition, the size of the trapping bolus increased for the magnifying values of wave amplitudes. Finally, current numerical solutions reasonably agree with the previously published results in the literature, and this fact confirms the accuracy of the present problem.
A meta-analysis of the risk of salivary gland tumors associated with mobile phone use: the importance of correct exposure assessment
Authors: Vijayan Keshini , Eslick Guy D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the risk of developing salivary gland tumors associated with the use of mobile phones.

Content
There have been a number of epidemiological studies conducted to assess for a possible association between mobile phone usage and the development of intracranial tumours, however results have been conflicting. We conducted an extensive literature search across four different databases was conducted. After selecting the articles relevant to the area of study, a total of seven studies were included in this meta-analysis, with no restrictions set on publication date or language. Studies were qualitatively assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. No significant association between the use of mobile phones and salivary gland tumors was observed (OR=1.06, 95% CI=0.86–1.32). No evidence for publication bias was detected.

Summary and Outlook
Our findings indicate no significant association between mobile phone usage and salivary gland tumours. However, there were many limitations encountered in these studies, suggesting that the observed result may not be an accurate estimate of the true carcinogenic risk of mobile phones, especially for heavy long-term users. In fact, the studies included in this meta-analysis highlight the need to correctly define exposure assessment in order to ascertain the risk of a certain variable.
Predictive models for the incidence of Parkinson’s disease: systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Chen Yancong , Gao Yinyan , Sun Xuemei , Liu Zhenhua , Zhang Zixuan , Qin Lang , Song Jinlu , Wang Huan , Wu Irene X.Y. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Numerous predictive models for Parkinson’s disease (PD) incidence have been published recently. However, the model performance and methodological quality of those available models are yet needed to be summarized and assessed systematically. In this systematic review, we systematically reviewed the published predictive models for PD incidence and assessed their risk of bias and applicability. Three international databases were searched. Cohort or nested case-control studies that aimed to develop or validate a predictive model for PD incidence were considered eligible. The Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST) was used for risk of bias and applicability assessment. Ten studies covering 10 predictive models were included. Among them, four studies focused on model development, covering eight models, while the remaining six studies focused on model external validation, covering two models. The discrimination of the eight new development models was generally poor, with only one model reported C index > 0.70. Four out of the six external validation studies showed excellent or outstanding discrimination. All included studies had high risk of bias. Three predictive models (the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society [MDS] prodromal PD criteria, the model developed by Karabayir et al. and models validated by Faust et al.) are recommended for clinical application by considering model performance and resource-demanding. In conclusion, the performance and methodological quality of most of the identified predictive models for PD incidence were unsatisfactory. The MDS prodromal PD criteria, model developed by Karabayir et al. and model validated by Faust et al. may be considered for clinical use.
The End of Silencing? Dealing with Sexualized Violence in the Context of the Kosovo Conflict (1998/99–2019)
Authors: Zeidler Kathleen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study deals with sexual violence in the Kosovo conflict. Adopting a broad timeframe from 1998/99 to 2019 it analyses the discourse about sexual violence and considers the actors involved, focussing on practices of silencing and “un-silencing”. In 1998/99 international actors, particularly NATO member states, brought sexual violence into their narrative to justify military intervention. It was not until 2012, after more than a decade of silence, that conflict-related sexual violence began to be integrated into the narrative of heroism and victory in Kosovo itself. The author highlights particular turning points of the breaking of silence about wartime sexual violence when for the sake of certain political interests it came to be presented as a threat to the nation. Finally, she shows that aspects of gender hierarchization were hidden, which contributed once again to the reimposition of silence on individual survivors of sexual violence.
A Battle for Remembrance? Narrating the Battle of Košare/Koshare in Belgrade- and Pristina-Based Media
Authors: Jovanović Jelena 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines the memory of the Battle of Košare/Koshare fought between the Yugoslav Army and Kosovo Albanian forces during the NATO intervention of 1999. The analysis is based on articles from the daily press published in Belgrade and Pristina on the anniversaries of the battle during the last two decades. The author focuses on how the narratives of the same event have been generated in the respective media, as well as their main characteristics and functions. Finally, she addresses the tensions among different memory actors who engaged in reshaping the narratives of the battle, generating both exclusive and intersectional traits in the diverging narratives of the Battle of Košare/Koshare. Thereby she sheds a comparative light on commemorative practices and memory politics of Kosovo and Serbia, while also bringing new insights into the transitional justice process.
British Borders and/in East Africa: World War II and Multidirectional Memory in Nadifa Mohamed’s Black Mamba Boy
Authors: Lammers Lukas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The British myth of World War II has long been successfully mobilised to police the ideological borders of the UK. The article considers narratives about the war as a key site for the negotiation of British identity and the UK’s relation to its imperial past. It, first, seeks to unpack some of the contradictions of the dominant British view on the war to then consider the 2010 novel Black Mamba Boy by Somali-British writer Nadifa Mohamed. It is argued that the novel effectively opposes ideas of an ethnically homogenous nation. Drawing on Michael Rothberg’s notion of multidirectional memory, the article shows how the novel interweaves different traumatic histories and thus presents memories of the war as an opportunity, not to consolidate national borders, but to forge new solidarities.
Schwann cell precursors represent a neural crest‐like state with biased multipotency
Authors: Kastriti Maria Eleni , Faure Louis , Von Ahsen Dorothea , Bouderlique Thibault Gerald , Boström Johan , Solovieva Tatiana , Jackson Cameron , Bronner Marianne , Meijer Dies , Hadjab Saida , Lallemend Francois , Erickson Alek , Kaucka Marketa , Dyachuk Viacheslav , Perlmann Thomas , Lahti Laura , Krivanek Jan , Brunet Jean‐Francois , Fried Kaj , Adameyko Igor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSchwann cell precursors (SCPs) are nerve‐associated progenitors that can generate myelinating and non‐myelinating Schwann cells but also are multipotent like the neural crest cells from which they originate. SCPs are omnipresent along outgrowing peripheral nerves throughout the body of vertebrate embryos. By using single‐cell transcriptomics to generate a gene expression atlas of the entire neural crest lineage, we show that early SCPs and late migratory crest cells have similar transcriptional profiles characterised by a multipotent “hub” state containing cells biased towards traditional neural crest fates. SCPs keep diverging from the neural crest after being primed towards terminal Schwann cells and other fates, with different subtypes residing in distinct anatomical locations. Functional experiments using CRISPR‐Cas9 loss‐of‐function further show that knockout of the common “hub” gene Sox8 causes defects in neural crest‐derived cells along peripheral nerves by facilitating differentiation of SCPs towards sympathoadrenal fates. Finally, specific tumour populations found in melanoma, neurofibroma and neuroblastoma map to different stages of SCP/Schwann cell development. Overall, SCPs resemble migrating neural crest cells that maintain multipotency and become transcriptionally primed towards distinct lineages.
Dynamic modeling of flow in combined sewer network using the mouse model
Authors: Wittmanová Réka , Hrudka Jaroslav , Marko Ivana , Raczková Andrea , Stanko Štefan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dynamical modeling in water supply and treatment and wastewater treatment helps to understand the flow in the networks. Therefore, it is important to incorporate dynamic modeling into the design and assessment processes and operation for the future of urban drainage systems.
The aim of this paper was using a mathematical model to analyze the functionality of combined sewer networks during a precipitation event on 13 October 2020. The analysis was performed based on the results from the assessment of the hydraulic capacity of the sewer network using the MOUSE model in the MIKE URBAN software. This study results that the evaluated sewer network does not fulfill his purpose during heavy rainfall events.
Identification of online harassment using ensemble fine-tuned pre-trained Bert
Authors: Ganie Aadil Gani , Dadvandipour Samad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Identification of online hate is the prime concern for natural language processing researchers; social media has augmented this menace by providing a virtual platform for online harassment. This study identifies online harassment using the trolling aggression and cyber-bullying dataset from shared tasks workshop. This work concentrates on extreme pre-processing and ensemble approach for model building; this study also considers the existing algorithms like the random forest, logistic regression, multinomial Naïve Bayes. Logistic regression proves to be more efficient with the highest accuracy of 57.91%. Ensemble bidirectional encoder representation from transformers showed promising results with 62% precision, which is better than most existing models.
Implementation of the MgO/epoxy nanocomposites as flame retardant
Authors: Hameed Noor Amer , Abbas Sura Jamal , Jammal Murtadah Thamer , Abbas Saad Qasim 
Published: July 2022

This work aims to prepare magnesium oxide MgO nanopowder using the coprecipitation method and prepare nanocomposites by mixing MgO prepared nanopowder with epoxy resin by weight percentages (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5) using hand lay up molding. These prepared chemical materials are added to many consumer products to meet fire safety codes and prevent these items from catching fire quickly. If the flame retarded material or an adjacent material has ignited, the flame retardant will slow down combustion and often prevent the fire from spreading to other items. Especially some of these chemicals can accumulate in parts of electrical equipment, cars, airplanes, and building components. Using non toxic nanofillers in polymers to achieve flame retardancy is a viable option. The prepared powder has a cubic structure, space group, and 4.2165 Å unit cell parameters according to X-ray diffraction XRD data and using Dicvol 91 indexing program. The grain size of the prepared powder was measured using Sherrer's equation to be 12.45 nm. The scanning electron microscope SEM micrograph of MgO nanopowder showed a spherical shape. The effect of MgO on flame retardancy of epoxy resin was investigated using limiting oxygen index LOI, rate of burning RB, and maximum flame height HF tests. According to the results of the three standard tests, the best flame retardancy with a strong and well intumescent char is obtained from the sample with 2 wt. % of MgO nanopowder, which has the highest LOI value of 21.95, RB value of 1.65 cm/min, and HF value of 5.44 cm. This data of using MgO nanopowder as flame retardant was valuable and necessary because it showed MgO nanopowder help prevent and slow fires of epoxy resin, therefore, protecting property and saving lives.
ALGORITHMS AND ARCHITECTURE OF THE SOFTWARE SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPE GENERATION
Authors: Levus Ye. V. , Morozov M. Yu. , Moravskyi R. О. , Pustelnyk P. Ya. 
Published: July 2022

Context. The problem of automation of the generation of natural and anthropogenic landscapes is considered. The subject of the research is methods of procedural generation of landscapes that quickly and realistically visualize natural and anthropogenic objects taking into account different levels of detail.
Objective. The goal of the work is to improve the rendering quality and efficiency of the procedural generation process of landscape surfaces at any level of detail based on the implementation of the developed method.
Method. The proposed method of visualization involves the construction of a natural landscape using Bezier curves and surfaces and manual editing of individual segments; use of software agents that are responsible for individual steps of generating anthropogenic objects; adaptation of anthropogenic objects to the characteristics of natural landscapes; containerization of three-dimensional objects, which is used in various steps to organize the storage and loading of objects efficiently. A generated heightmap based on the Perlin noise algorithm is used to construct surfaces on individual segments of the natural landscape. Landscape processing software agents are used to unify the design of algorithms for creating and processing information about anthropogenic objects. Correct application operation and error resistance is guaranteed due to the inheritance of a specific interface by all implementations of agents. Containerization with two-level caching ensures the efficiency of display detailing.
Results. The developed method is implemented programmatically, and its efficiency is investigated for different variants of input data, which to the greatest extent determine the complexity of visualization objects.
Conclusions. The conducted experiments confirmed the efficiency of the proposed algorithmic software and its viability in practice in solving problems of automated landscape generation. Prospects for further research include improvement and expansion of the algorithms for procedural landscape generation, functionality complication of manual visualized object processing, and division of individual objects into separate hierarchies of containers.