bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of prenatal alcohol exposure on gray matter volume and cortical surface area of 2 to 3‐year‐old children in a South African birth cohort
Authors: Subramoney Sivenesi , Joshi Shantanu H. , Wedderburn Catherine J. , Lee David , Roos Annerine , Woods Roger P. , Zar Heather J. , Narr Katherine L. , Stein Dan J. , Donald Kirsten A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a growing literature that demonstrates the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on brain development in school‐aged children. Less is known, however, on how PAE impacts the brain early in life. We investigated the effects of PAE and child sex on subcortical gray matter volume, cortical surface area (CSA), cortical volume (CV), and cortical thickness (CT) in children aged 2 to 3 years.MethodsThe sample was recruited as a nested cross‐sectional substudy of the Drakenstein Child Health Study. Images from T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging were acquired on 47 alcohol‐exposed and 124 control children (i.e., with no or minimal alcohol exposure), aged 2 to 3 years, some of whom were scanned as neonates. Brain images were processed through automated processing pipelines using FreeSurfer version 6.0. Subcortical and a priori selected cortical regions of interest were compared.ResultsSubcortical volume analyses revealed a PAE by child sex interaction for bilateral putamen volumes (Left: p = 0.02; Right: p = 0.01). There was no PAE by child sex interaction effect on CSA, CV, and CT. Analyses revealed an impact of PAE on CSA (p = 0.04) and CV (p = 0.04), but not CT in this age group. Of note, the inferior parietal gyrus CSA was significantly smaller in children with PAE compared to control children.ConclusionsFindings from this subgroup scanned at age 2 to 3 years build on previously described subcortical volume differences in neonates from this cohort. Findings suggest that PAE persistently affects gray matter development through the critical early years of life. The detectable influence of PAE on brain structure at this early age further highlights the importance of brain imaging studies on the impact of PAE on the young developing brain.
Primary cutaneous Rosai–Dorfman–Destombes disease with features mimicking IgG4‐related disease: A challenging case report and literature review
Authors: Zghal Mouna , Makni Saadia , Saguem Ines , Karra Amir , Graja Soumaya , Gouiaa Naourez , Sellami Tahya , Mellouli Manel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRosai–Dorfman–Destombes disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic disorder affecting lymph nodes as well as extranodal sites. Although cutaneous involvement in RDD is common, primary cutaneous RDD is a distinct and not well‐documented entity with unknown aetiology and non‐specific clinicopathological features. We report a case of a 57‐year‐old patient, who presented with an indolent skin nodule in the left sub‐nipple area. Surgical excision was performed. Histological examination concluded to the diagnosis of cutaneous RDD with histological features mimicking IgG4‐related disease. The diagnosis of systemic RDD with cutaneous involvement was ruled out after exclusion of extracutaneous involvement. No recurrence or systemic progression was observed during follow‐up. The diagnosis of primary cutaneous RDD is very uncommon and hence is challenging for pathologist and dermatologist especially with features of IgG4‐related disease. Careful systemic and microscopic examinations help in establishing the appropriate diagnosis.
Development and an initial validation of the Responses to Illness Severity Quantification (RISQ) score for severely malnourished children
Authors: Dale Nancy M. , Ashir Garba Mohammed , Maryah Lawan Bukar , Shepherd Susan , Tomlinson George , Briend André , Zlotkin Stanley , Parshuram Christopher 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimTo develop and perform an initial validation of a score to measure the severity of illness in hospitalised children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).MethodsA prospective study enrolled SAM children aged 6–59 months hospitalised in Borno State, Nigeria. Candidate items associated with inpatient mortality were combined and evaluated as candidate scores. Clinical and statistical methods were used to identify a preferred score.ResultsThe 513 children enrolled had a mean age of 15.6 months of whom 48 (9%) died. Seven of the 10 evaluated items were significantly associated with mortality. Five different candidate scores were tested. The final score, Responses to Illness Severity Quantification (RISQ), included seven items: heart rate, respiratory rate, respiratory effort, oxygen saturation, oxygen delivery, temperature and level of consciousness. The mean RISQ score on admission was 2.6 in hospital survivors and 7.3 for children dying <48 h. RISQ scores <24 h before death had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.93. The RISQ score performed similarly across differing clinical conditions with AUROCs 0.77–0.98 for all conditions except oedema.ConclusionThe RISQ score can identify high‐risk malnourished children at and during hospital admission. Clinical application may help prioritise care and potentially improve survival.
Hang up on stereotypes: Domestic violence and an anti‐abuse helpline campaign
Authors: Colagrossi Marco , Deiana Claudio , Geraci Andrea , Giua Ludovica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe estimate the effectiveness of a government‐led anti‐domestic‐abuse campaign launched in the midst of the covid‐19 pandemic on the number of calls to the Italian domestic violence helpline. In the week after the start of the campaign, we document a sharp increase in the number of calls. By exploiting geographical variation in the exposure to the campaign ads aired on public TV networks, we find that greater exposure is associated with an increase in the number of calls after the launch of the campaign. However, the effectiveness of the media campaign is hindered in areas where gender stereotypes are stronger.
Hoxb5 reprogrammes murine multipotent blood progenitors into haematopoietic stem cell‐like cells
Authors: Huang Dehao , Zhao Qianhao , Zhang Mengyun , Weng Qitong , Zhang Qi , Wang Kaitao , Dong Fang , Cheng Hui , Hu Fangxiao , Wang Jinyong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe expression of transcription factor Hoxb5 specifically marks the functional haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in mice. However, our recent work demonstrated that ectopic expression of Hoxb5 exerted little effect on HSC but could convert B‐cell progenitors into functional T cells in vivo. Thus, cell type‐ and development stage‐specific roles of Hoxb5 in haematopoietic hierarchy await more extensive exploration. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of Hoxb5 expression in multipotent blood progenitor cells.Materials and MethodsA Mx1cre/RosaLSL‐Hoxb5‐EGFP/+ mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of Hoxb5 expression in blood multipotent progenitor cells (MPP). Golden standard serial transplantation experiments were used to test the long‐term haematopoiesis potential of Hoxb5‐expressing MPP. Single‐cell RNA‐seq analysis was used to characterize the gained molecular features of Hoxb5‐expressing MPP and to compare with the global transcriptome features of natural adult HSC and fetal liver HSC (FL HSC).ResultsHere, with a mouse strain engineered with conditional expression of Hoxb5, we unveiled that induced expression of Hoxb5 in MPP led to the generation of a de novo Sca1+c‐kit+CD11b+CD48+ (CD11b+CD48+SK) cell type, which can repopulate long‐term multilineage haematopoiesis in serial transplantations. RNA‐seq analysis showed that CD11b+CD48+SK cells exhibited acquired features of DNA replication and cell division.ConclusionsOur current study uncovers that Hoxb5 can empower MPP with self‐renewal ability and indicates an alternative approach for generating HSC‐like cells in vivo from blood lineage cells.
Knowledge graphs of ethical concerns of cerebral organoids
Authors: Ding Lulu , Xiao Zhenyu , Gong Xia , Peng Yaojin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe rapid development of cerebral organoid technology and the gradual maturity of cerebral organoids highlight the necessity of foresighted research on relevant ethical concerns. We employed knowledge graphs and conducted statistical analysis with CiteSpace for a comprehensive analysis of the status quo of the research on the ethical concerns of cerebral organoids from a bibliometric perspective.Materials and MethodsWe performed a statistical analysis of published papers on cerebral organoid ethics, keyword co‐occurrence graph, literature co‐citation and knowledge clustering graph to examine the status of the ethics research, internal relationship between technological development and ethical research, and ethical concerns of the academia. Finally, we used a keyword time zone graph and related statistics to analyze and predict the trends and popular topics of future cerebral organoids ethics research.ResultsWe demonstrated that although the ethical concerns of cerebral organoids have long been discussed, it was not until 2017 that the ethical issues began to receive more attention, when cerebral organoids were gradually mimicking the human brain more closely and increasingly being combined with chimera research. The recent key ethical concerns are primarily divided into three categories: concerns that are common in life sciences, specific to cerebral organoids, and present in cross‐fields. These increasing ethical concerns are inherently related to the continual development of technology. The analysis pointed out that future research should focus on the ethical concerns of consciousness that are unique to cerebral organoids, ethical concerns of cross‐fields, and construction and improvement of legislative and regulatory systems.ConclusionsAlthough research on cerebral organoids can benefit the biomedicine field, the relevant ethical concerns are significant and have received increasing attention, which are inherently related to the continual development of technology. Future studies in ethics regarding cerebral organoid research should focus on the ethical concerns of consciousness, and cross‐fields, as well as the improvement of regulatory systems.
Dynamics of the dyad: How mothers and infants co‐construct interaction spaces during object play
Authors: Schneider Joshua L. , Roemer Emily J. , Northrup Jessie B. , Iverson Jana M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStudies of dyadic interaction often examine infants’ social exchanges with their caregivers in settings that constrain their physical properties (e.g., infant posture, fixed seating location for infants and adults). Methodological decisions about the physical arrangements of interaction, however, may limit our ability to understand how posture and position shape them. Here we focused on these embodied properties of dyadic interaction in the context of object play. We followed 30 mother–infant dyads across the first year of life (at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months) and observed them during 5 min of play with a standard set of toys. Using an interval‐based coding system, we measured developmental change in infant posture, how mothers and infants positioned themselves relative to one another, and how they populated interaction spaces with objects. Results showed that mother–infant dyads co‐constructed interaction spaces and that the contributions of each partner changed across development. Dyads progressively adopted a broader spatial co‐orientation during play (e.g., positioned at right angles) across the first year. Moreover, advances in infants’ postural skills, particularly increases in the use of independent sitting in real time, uniquely predicted change in dyadic co‐orientation and infants’ actions with objects, independent of age. Taken together, we show that the embodied properties of dyadic object play help determine how interactions are physically organized and unfold, both in real time and across the first year of life.
Tolerability and efficacy of adjunctive brivaracetam in adults with focal seizures by concomitant antiseizure medication use: Pooled results from three phase 3 trials
Authors: Ryvlin Philippe , Dimova Svetlana , Elmoufti Sami , Floricel Florin , Laloyaux Cédric , Nondonfaz Xavier , Biton Victor 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to evaluate safety/tolerability and efficacy of adjunctive brivaracetam (BRV) in patients on one or two concomitant antiseizure medications (ASMs) and in patients on one specific concomitant ASM.MethodsPost hoc analysis was made of double‐blind trials (N01252/NCT00490035, N01253/NCT00464269, and N01358/NCT01261325) in adults with focal seizures randomized to BRV (50–200 mg/day; approved therapeutic dose range for adults) or placebo with concomitant ASM regimen unchanged throughout a 12‐week evaluation period. Outcomes were analyzed in patients on one or two concomitant ASMs, and those on concomitant carbamazepine (CBZ), lamotrigine (LTG), oxcarbazepine (OXC), or valproate (VPA) only.ResultsPatients randomized to BRV with one or two concomitant ASMs, respectively (n = 181/557), reported similar incidences of treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs; 68.0%/66.4%), drug‐related TEAEs (41.4%/41.5%), and TEAEs leading to discontinuation (6.6%/5.4%). Respective values for patients randomized to placebo with one or two concomitant ASMs (n = 95/331) were 60.0%/60.7% (TEAEs), 32.6%/30.2% (drug‐related TEAEs), and 2.1%/4.5% (TEAEs leading to discontinuation). The incidences of TEAEs, drug‐related TEAEs, and TEAEs leading to discontinuation by specific concomitant ASM (CBZ, LTG, OXC, VPA) were similar to the overall incidences in patients taking one concomitant ASM. In patients on one or two concomitant ASMs, respectively, 50% responder rates were numerically higher on BRV (42.3%/36.8% [n = 175/511]) versus placebo (18.3%/19.5% [n = 93/298]). Patients with one or two ASMs on BRV (n = 175/509) versus placebo (n = 92/298) also had numerically higher 100% responder rates (BRV, 9.1%/4.5%; placebo, 1.1%/.3%) and seizure freedom (6.9%/3.7%; 1.1%/0). For patients taking concomitant CBZ, LTG, OXC, or VPA, efficacy was numerically higher with BRV (n = 54/30/27/27) versus placebo (n = 34/13/10/14–15; 50% responder rates: BRV, 31.5%/30.0%/40.7%/70.4%; placebo, 17.6%/7.7%/20.0%/33.3%; 100% responder rates: BRV, 5.6%/10.0%/11.1%/11.1%; placebo, 0 for all; seizure freedom: BRV, 3.7%/6.7%/7.4%/11.1%; placebo, 0 for all).SignificanceTherapeutic doses of BRV were efficacious and well tolerated regardless of the number of concomitant ASMs (one or two) or specific concomitant ASM (CBZ, LTG, OXC, VPA).
Registries, multicentre and genome‐wide association studies in hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Jemec Gregor B. E. , del Marmol Véronique , Bettoli Vincenzo , Augustin Matthias , Prens Errol P. , Zouboulis Christos C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe European Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation (EHSF) e.V. has taken several initiatives for collaborative studies. They result from the data of the European Registry of Hidradenitis Suppurativa (ERHS) based on the knowledge obtained from the regional Northern countries (HISREG) and Italian (IRHIS) registries and the real‐world data generated from claims data from insurance databases. Multicentre studies, such as the Hidradenitis Suppurativa collaborative study of subtypes (HORUS) and the Global Hidradenitis Suppurativa Atlas (GHISA), are planned to provide an ideal complement to the register studies. Most recently, the role of EHSF as a coordinator or key player is being explored in multiple genetic studies, such as a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and the exome sequencing and cellular/molecular profiling project, which will speed up gene and drug discovery in HS.
Resilient consumers accelerate the plant decomposition in a naturally acidified seagrass ecosystem
Authors: Lee Juhyung , Gambi Maria Cristina , Kroeker Kristy J. , Munari Marco , Peay Kabir , Micheli Fiorenza 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnthropogenic stressors are predicted to alter biodiversity and ecosystem functioning worldwide. However, scaling up from species to ecosystem responses poses a challenge, as species and functional groups can exhibit different capacities to adapt, acclimate, and compensate under changing environments. We used a naturally acidified seagrass ecosystem (the endemic Mediterranean Posidonia oceanica) as a model system to examine how ocean acidification (OA) modifies the community structure and functioning of plant detritivores, which play vital roles in the coastal nutrient cycling and food web dynamics. In seagrass beds associated with volcanic CO2 vents (Ischia, Italy), we quantified the effects of OA on seagrass decomposition by deploying litterbags in three distinct pH zones (i.e., ambient, low, extreme low pH), which differed in the mean and variability of seawater pH. We replicated the study in two discrete vents for 117 days (litterbags sampled on day 5, 10, 28, 55, and 117). Acidification reduced seagrass detritivore richness and diversity through the loss of less abundant, pH‐sensitive species but increased the abundance of the dominant detritivore (amphipod Gammarella fucicola). Such compensatory shifts in species abundance caused more than a threefold increase in the total detritivore abundance in lower pH zones. These community changes were associated with increased consumption (52%–112%) and decay of seagrass detritus (up to 67% faster decomposition rate for the slow‐decaying, refractory detrital pool) under acidification. Seagrass detritus deployed in acidified zones showed increased N content and decreased C:N ratio, indicating that altered microbial activities under OA may have affected the decay process. The findings suggest that OA could restructure consumer assemblages and modify plant decomposition in blue carbon ecosystems, which may have important implications for carbon sequestration, nutrient recycling, and trophic transfer. Our study highlights the importance of within‐community response variability and compensatory processes in modulating ecosystem functions under extreme global change scenarios.
Institutional theory‐based research on corporate social responsibility: Bringing values back in
Authors: Risi David , Vigneau Laurence , Bohn Stephan , Wickert Christopher 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch applying institutional theory to corporate social responsibility (CSR) has experienced remarkable momentum. Institutional theory‐based CSR research illustrates the role of values in guiding both agentic choices for CSR and the influence of institutional structures on CSR agency. Although values have been explored in this literature, systematic studies of values that seek to gain insights into the mutual relationship between agentic choices and structures are lacking. Such insights are crucial for exploring whether and how CSR is enabled or constrained. We thus ask two interrelated questions: (1) What is the role of values in institutional theory‐based CSR research? (2) How and along which avenues should future institutional theory‐based CSR research that focuses on values be mobilised? Based on our analysis of this line of literature from 1989 until 2021, first, we take stock of established institutional theory perspectives on CSR and disentangle what role values have played in this literature. Second, we outline how to mobilise values in future institutional CSR research based on four promising but under‐investigated areas. From our literature analysis, two central functions emerge (which we label ‘bridging’ and ‘referencing’) that values can perform in the institutional analysis of CSR. Based on these two functions, our values‐focused framework will help scholars examine the moral foundations that inform business–society interactions as well as understand how companies can responsibly manage those interactions with societal stakeholders.
Bi3+/Mn4+ co‐doped dual‐emission phosphors for potential plant lighting
Authors: Wu Sheng , Liu Quan , Brik Mikhail G. , Xiong Puxian , Wang Dong , Zhang Guoxing , Chen Yan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDeveloping environment‐friendly dual‐emission phosphors of both blue–cyan and deep‐red lights is desirable for the utilized indoor plant lighting research. Notably, the naked 6s and 6p Bi3+ ions are sensitive to the lattice sites, which emit from Ultraviolet (UV) to red lights in various crystal compounds. Meanwhile, the 2E → 4A2g transition of Mn4+ ions promises its deep‐red light emissions, which satisfies the demand for specific wavelength lights for plants growth. Hence, a Bi3+/Mn4+ co‐doped Sr2LaGaO5: Bi3+, Mn4+ (SLGO:Bi3+:Mn4+) phosphor was finally synthesized. The phase, micromorphology and luminescent properties were systematically evaluated. Upon excitation at 350 nm light, dual emissions of both blue–cyan (470 nm) and deep‐red (718 nm) lights were observed. Besides, due to the pronounced photoluminescence (PL) spectral overlap between Bi3+ and Mn4+ ions, a potential energy transfer process from Bi3+ to Mn4+ ions was confirmed. The relative PL intensities between Bi3+ and Mn4+ ions can be tuned just by adjusting the Mn4+ ion concentration. Besides, Li+ co‐doping has been evidenced to improve the deep‐red emissions (718 nm) of SLGO:0.005Mn4+ due to charge compensation and rationally designed lattice distortion, together with the improved thermal stability. Finally, the emissions of SLGO:Bi3+, Mn4+, Li+ phosphor suit properly with the absorption of the four fundamental pigments for plant growth, indicating that the prepared phosphorescent materials may have a prospect in plant light‐emitting diodes lighting.
Historical biogeography of the gingers and its implications for shifts in tropical rain forest habitats
Authors: Zhao Jian‐Li , Yu Xiang‐Qin , Kress W. John , Wang Ya‐Li , Xia Yong‐Mei , Li Qing‐Jun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimThe relationships between biome shifts and global environmental changes in temperate zone habitats have been extensively explored; yet, the historical dynamics of taxa found in the tropical rain forest (TRF) remain poorly known. This study aims to reconstruct the relationships between tropical rain forest shifts and global environmental changes through the patterns of historical biogeography of a pantropical family of monocots, the Zingiberaceae.LocationGlobal.TaxonZingiberaceae.MethodsWe sampled DNA sequences (nrITS, trnK, trnL‐trnF and psbA‐trnH) from GenBank for 77% of the genera, including 30% of species, in the Zingiberaceae. Global fossil records of the Zingiberaceae were collected from literatures. Rates of speciation, extinction and diversification were estimated based on phylogenetic data and fossil records through methods implemented in BAMM. Ancestral ranges were estimated using single‐tree BioGeoBEARS and multiple‐trees BioGeoBEARS in RASP. Dispersal rate through time and dispersal rate among regions were calculated in R based on the result of ancestral estimation.ResultsThe common ancestor of the Zingiberaceae likely originated in northern Africa during the mid‐Cretaceous, with later dispersal to the Asian tropics. Indo‐Burma, rather than Malesia, was likely a provenance of the common ancestor of Alpinioideae–Zingiberoideae. Several abrupt shifts of evolutionary rates from the Palaeocene were synchronized with sudden global environmental changes.Main conclusionsIntegrating phylogenetic patterns with fossil records suggests that the Zingiberaceae dispersed to Asia through drift of the Indian Plate from Africa in the late Palaeocene. Formation of island chains, land corridors and warming temperatures facilitated the emigration of the Zingiberaceae to a broad distribution across the tropics. Moreover, dramatic fluctuations of the speciation rate of Zingiberoideae appear to have been synchronized with global climate fluctuations. In general, the evolutionary history of the Zingiberaceae broadens our understanding of the association between TRF shifts in distribution and past global environmental changes, especially the origin of TRF in Southeast Asia.