bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Failure Analysis Procedure for Major Assembly Defects in Clip Bond Surface Mount Devices
Authors: Tran Cuong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Failure to apply the proper systematic analysis procedure can result in loss of valuable evidence required to understand the root cause of package failures. For example, in the case of marginal current leakage fail, decapsulation from package front-side may result in loss of the electrical failure signal so that root cause of the leakage failure cannot be understood. In such case, a systematic backside fault isolation method can improve the success rate of isolating the defect. These electrical failures are often due to zero solder bond line thickness (BLT), or filler particle compression on the die, which are key assembly defects encountered in clip style surface mount packages (SMX). In this paper, the first case study is to determine the failure mechanism of an electrical short. A silicon micro-crack propagating through the junction at the dimple clip center, which is due to the ultra-thin solder BLT close to zero micron is found to be the root cause of failure. The second case presents the failure mechanism for a low leakage fail. The pointed tip of a silica filler particle compressed on the die surface leads to excessive leakage.
A Multi-Protocol Module To Provide An External Trigger For Dynamic Lock-In Thermography
Authors: Bienek Ray 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lock-in thermography (LIT) is a firmly established and powerful technique for IC defect localization. The standard approach is to detect and analyze the device temperature fluctuation between two bias conditions using an infrared thermal imaging camera and check for any anomalous heat response. For the most straightforward setup, these bias conditions would be achieved by the modulation of a supply voltage provided by the LIT system. This allows for synchronization to the internal camera frame rate. In addition to this method, the ability to provide an external trigger may be an option, as it is for the ELITE system by Thermo Fisher Scientific. This expands the LIT arena to failures that may only be observable by, for example, setting different register contents at a constant supply voltage. Though IC testers can be used to provide the stimulus and a trigger signal for these situations, often a simpler, more compact solution would be beneficial for the failure analyst. This paper presents such an alternative: the application of a low-cost, USB-based module which can emulate various communication protocols (for example, I2C, SPI) while providing a synchronized timing pulse to externally trigger the ELITE, thus facilitating dynamic LIT investigations. The efficacy of this solution is demonstrated by a case study in which dynamic LIT produced a single hot spot at the defect site that was undetected by the voltage modulation approach.
Analysis of Retention Failure by Bulk Trap in DRAM
Authors: Han Dongguk , Yang Hoonchang , Hwang Jinyeong , Kim Jinseon , Cho Kyoungrak , Nam Incheol , Kim Daesun , Lee Beomseop , Yim Sungsoo , Hong Heeil , Lee Jooyoung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
DRAM is a type of memory that stores each bit of data in a capacitor cell, leakage current is a very important electrical parameter to retain data. Therefore, larger cell capacitance and smaller leakage current have been regarded as key factors in continuous shrinkage of DRAM. Generally, gate induced drain leakage (GIDL) and junction leakage of cell transistor (CTR) are well-known, but our approach is focused on retention failure by bulk trap. In order to electrically observe the influence of bulk trap, we used the adjacent gate of CTR to control electron migration. Results show that there are many failure cells due to bulk trap, and dimension shrinkage accelerates this failure. Consequently, balancing among electrical bias point and transistor manufacturing process should be carefully considered with bulk traps.
Studies and Applications of a New Delineation Method of Silicon Defects in Wafer Fabrication
Authors: Hua Younan , Xiaomin Li , Liao Lois , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhang Linhua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In wafer fabrication, silicon defects on the substrate directly affect the yield of the wafer. In this paper, we will study and discuss a chemical delayering and delineate method for silicon defects in wafer fabrication using Secco etch. It is well-known that during delayering process of wafer, the removal of polysilicon (Poly-Si) layer is very difficult, especially for the wide-layer polysilicon (Poly-Si) which is difficult to completely remove with HF acid solution. We introduce a chemical recipe to fast delayer polysilicon layer completely before delineating silicon defects on silicon substrate using Secco etch. Those skilled in the art could be experiment within half an hour to get analysis results. It saves time and improves operational efficiency. Moreover, based on the experimental results we think that it is possible to identify the root cause according to the shapes of silicon defects using Secco etch.
Analog Quiescent Current as Efficient Method for Accurate Fault Isolation in Complex Functional Failures
Authors: Merassi A.A. , Catanzaro E. , Passarella D. , Boglio A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Analog fault localization for functional failures is usually a very complex task, especially because a deep knowledge of all the functionalities of the device is often required. In addition, when the part is analyzed in application conditions, the interpretation of the anomalous emissions in the failed part and its link to the failing elementary component is not so obvious. The adoption of the analog quiescent current (IDDa) allows to address directly the failing elementary component inside the suspected block.
Die-Level Micrometers-Deep Subsurface Imaging for Fault Isolation using Remote Bias Induced Electrostatic Force Microscopy
Authors: Strelcov Evgheni , You Lin , Obeng Yaw , Kopanski Joseph J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In recent years, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has drawn substantial attention for subsurface imaging, since the ultrasharp AFM tip (≈ 10 nm in radius) can deliver and detect, mechanical and electrical signals right above the material’s 3D volume with which it is directly interacting. Electrostatic force microscopy, or EFM, is one of the most common atomic force microscopy (AFM) variants for electrical property characterization. In this work, we demonstrate a method to significantly improve EFM’s subsurface imaging capability. Unlike conventional EFM, where an AC bias is applied to the cantilever, we applied two out of phase AC biases to adjacent subsurface lines and image the resulting cantilever response at the surface. The resulting remote bias induced EFM (RB-EFM) amplitude shows decent contrast of metal lines with a 2.4 μm spacing buried up to 4 μm beneath the surface. This novel method may resolve lines with a horizontal spacing of less than 130 nm at such depth and wider lines to at least 6 μm in depth. In addition, the results are compared with conventional EFM and KPFM that detects subsurface structure with two independent DC biases. A COMSOL simulation model has been developed that reproduces the essential features of the measurement and explains the improvement of subsurface imaging with RB-EFM compared to other electrostatic force imaging techniques. We show, that by biasing independent lines at a small delta in frequency from the cantilever resonance, multiple line traces can be differentiated in the RB-EFM image.
Newly Designed, Faster, and More Sensitive Scanning Capacitance Microscope for Failure Analysis
Authors: Zhang Haigang , Kocun Marta , Ohler Ben , Proksch Roger 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A new scanning capacitance microscope, with an optimized, modern RF circuitry is described. The new design results in improved ease of use and sensitivity. We will discuss the design details and show application examples on semiconductor devices and ferroelectric materials.
An Introduction to the FIB as a Microchip Circuit Edit Tool
Authors: Herschbein Steven , Tan Shida , Livengood Richard , Wong Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This presentation introduces the practice of focused ion beam (FIB) chip editing and its power and versatility as a problem-solving tool. It begins with a review of the features and functions of FIB systems, the role of gas chemistry in milling, etching, and deposition, and the use of IR imaging for navigation and targeting. It goes on to identify challenges due to packaging materials, chip-package interactions, and other factors, and in each case, provide alternate approaches and procedures to circumvent potential problems. It also covers advanced practices and methods and assesses potential future advancements.
Failure Analysis Challenges for Chip Scale Packages (2022 Update)
Authors: Li Susan X. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This presentation provides an overview of chip-scale packages (CSPs) and the challenges they create for failure analysis. It begins with a review of stacked, multichip, and wafer-level packages, using images and illustrations to highlight complexities. It then presents examples of package-level failure mechanisms including various forms of cracking, inadvertent wire bond contact, and die-edge chipping. It likewise assesses die-level analysis challenges and provides practical solutions. The presentation also includes several case studies and describes new and emerging challenges.
Zirconia for Dental Implants
Authors: Gupta Saurabh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
One of the most frequently cited advantages of ceramics in dentistry relates to aesthetics, and the same applies for dental implants. Zirconia has emerged as the material of choice for nonmetal implants. This article introduces the reader to zirconia as an implant material, its properties, manufacturing processes, and the particular surface modifications and treatments that have rendered its surfaces biologically compatible with peri-implant soft and hard tissues.
Laser-Induced Forward Transfer of Biomaterials
Authors: Sole-Gras Marc , Huang Yong , Chrisey Douglas B. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The use of 3D bioprinting techniques has contributed to the development of novel cellular patterns and constructs in vitro, ex vivo, and even in vivo. There are three main bioprinting techniques: inkjet printing, extrusion printing (also known as bioextrusion), laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) printing, which is also known as modified LIFT printing, matrix-assisted pulsed-laser evaporation direct write, and laser-based printing (laser-assisted bioprinting, or biological laser printing). This article provides an overview of the LIFT process, including the LIFT process introduction, different implementations, jetting dynamics, printability phase diagrams, and printing process simulations. Additionally, materials involved during LIFT are introduced in terms of bioink materials and energy-absorbing layer materials. Also, the printing of single cells and 2D and 3D constructs is introduced, showcasing the current state of the art with the ultimate goal for tissue- and organ-printing applications.
Additive Manufacturing of Cobalt-Chromium Alloy Biomedical Devices
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Amit , Avila Jose D. , Mitra Indranath , Bose Susmita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article discusses some of the additive manufacturing (AM) based fabrication of alloys and their respective mechanical, electrochemical, and in vivo performance. Firstly, it briefly discusses the three AM techniques that are most commonly used in the fabrication of metallic biomedical-based devices: binder jetting, powder-bed fusion, and directed-energy deposition. The article then characterizes the electrochemical properties of additive-manufactured/processed cobalt-chromium alloys. This is followed by sections providing an evaluation of the biological response to CoCr alloys in terms of the material and 3D printing fabrication. Discussion on the biological response as a function of direct cellular activity on the surface of CoCr alloys in static conditions (in vitro), in dynamic physiological conditions (in vivo), and in computer-simulated conditions (in silico) are further discussed in detail. Finally, the article provides information on the qualification and certification of AM-processed medical devices.
In Situ Bioprinting—Current Applications and Future Challenges
Authors: Fortunato Gabriele Maria , Bonatti Amedeo Franco , Micalizzi Simone , Chiesa Irene , Batoni Elisa , De Acutis Aurora , De Maria Carmelo , Vozzi Giovanni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Bioprinting has been advancing in the field of tissue engineering as the process for fabricating scaffolds, making use of additive manufacturing technologies. In situ bioprinting (also termed intraoperative bioprinting) is a promising solution to address the limitations of conventional bioprinting approaches. This article discusses the main approaches and technologies for in situ bioprinting. It provides a brief overview of the bioprinting pipeline, highlighting possible solutions to improve currently used approaches. Additionally, case studies of in situ bioprinting are provided and in situ bioprinting future perspectives are discussed.
Pharmaceutical 3D Printing
Authors: Hopson Peyton 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The application of three-dimensional printers can be revolutionary as a tool for the customization and personalization of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The areas of 3D printing applicable to pharmaceutical manufacturing can be segregated into three categories: extrusion technologies, powder-bed fusion, and stereolithography. Common extrusion-based technologies are fused deposition modeling and pressure-assisted microsyringe; powder-bed fusion is separated by binder jet and selective laser sintering. The synergies between pharmaceutical, or active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), and polymer printing are discussed in this article, with particular attention to how the incorporation of small-molecule APIs changes the material selection, design considerations, processing parameters, and challenges associated with each technology.
POETICS OF NARRATIVE STRUCTURES IN THE TEXTS OF VASYL STEFANYK
Authors: Nakonechna Larysa , Nakonechna Liudmyla 
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the topic of poetics in Vasyl Stefanyk's short stories.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the poetics of narrative structures of Vasyl Stefanyk's works on the example of motive-thematic complex of death, to consider also features of descriptive structures of the writer, in particular combination and interaction of descriptive and narrative manners.
This goal was possible to be achieved by using the research methods, namely: analysis and synthesis, comparison, specification, and generalization.
The authors explore the issues of poetics of narrative structures on the basis of the texts of short stories "Maple Leaves", "Funeral", "Lan", "May" and others.
Comparisons of descriptive and narrative elements in Vasyl Stefanyk's short stories are made mainly on the basis of a thorough study of the problems of Gerard Genet's poetics "Figures".
The authors focused on the analysis of narrative structures, the peculiarities of the combination and interaction of descriptive and narrative manners of the writer, the functions of the strategy of visualization and descriptiveness in the narrative texts of Vasyl Stefanyk.
This is the practical value and novelty of the presented study.
The authors found that the principle of visualization allows adding a moment of descriptiveness to the narrative text. Considering the distinction and interaction of visualization and descriptiveness in the texts of Vasyl Stefanyk, the authors trace the moments of transition (or intersection/overlap) of passages in a descriptive and narrative manner of narrative.
In addition, the authors of the article analyzed the relationship of time and space dimensions in texts to narrative and descriptive structures.
Analysis of Vasyl Stefanyk's short stories through the prism of the interaction of ekphrasis and diegesis opens up completely new perspectives on the interpretation of the text. The high frequency of descriptive structures in Vasyl Stefanyk's texts may be one of the signs of genre heterogeneity in the writer's works.
Review Essays
Authors: Nielsen Vibe , Lidchi Henrietta , Mataga Jesmael , Schroeder Annelise , Isaac Gwyneira , Rogerson Riley 
Published: October 2022

How to Practice Decoloniality in Museums: Practicing Decoloniality in Museums: A Guide with Global Examples, Csilla E. Ariese and Magdalena Wróblewska (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021)Listening to Art as the Voice of Our Time: The Online In-Conversation Series Indigenizing the (Art) Museum (Wapatah Centre for Indigenous Visual Knowledge/OCAD University, Toronto)National Museums in Africa: Some Reflections from the Continent: National Museums in Africa: Identity, History and Politics, Edited by Raymond Silverman, George Abungu, and Peter Probst (London: Routledge 2022)From Paddock to Peace Garden: Heritage Politics and the Development of the Japanese Memorial Site at FeatherstonShadows, Strings & Other Things: The Enchanting Theater of Puppets
Student's Behavior in Virtual Learning Environment- A Case Study of Pakistan during Pandemic Situation of COVID-19
Authors: Ghulam Mustafa Hammad , Sheza Arif  , Waqas Aslam  
Published: October 2022

Today one of the most challenging tasks is how to connect students with their education. During the Covid-19 era, the physical education system is not suitable for students. Most of the educational institutes start a new education system in Virtual Learning Environment. Suddenly changed the education system, the students towards learning environment is changed. The analysis of students through different machine learning and statistical techniques. The effectiveness of Virtual Learning is measured via the performance of the students. This research reviews different techniques for assessing the performance i.e activity-based, assessments of students, and enrollment-based. The analysis of students' behavior is a long-established task in the area of ML because in the past analyze the student's behavior in the statistical method. To compare, evaluate, and develop analyze the student's behavior in VLE, we need a standard and high-quality benchmark corpus. But unfortunately, numerous studies are based on the web-based corpus and measure the performance in VLE. The main focus of this study is to analyze the student's behavior in VLE by using original data or collecting original reviews of students. Our total corpus consists of 2031 reviews. After some applying pre-processing technique final corpus consists of 1934 reviews. We applied seven machine learning algorithms to evaluate the student's behavior. To evaluate the performance of the students in VLE standard evaluation measures are used. After extensive experimentation, evaluation results show that stylometry word-based features produced the highest results of the first experiment NB Kernel (Accuray = 86.61, F1-measure = 89.91), and in the second experiment highest accuracy was achieved by DT (Accuray = 87.45, F1-measure = 92.13) on proposed corpus on reviews total 1934-Corpus.
Pentingnya Integritas Guru dalam Menanamkan Jiwa Mandiri pada Siswa Di Yayasan Al-Iman Graha Bintaro Jaya
Authors: Nelsi Mitri , Andi Dede , Yunanti Siska , Wiguna Melda , Noviana Lina 
Published: October 2022

Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan akan Integritas dalam pendekatan kepada murid-murid serta perlu disadari dengan memberikan materi dan berbagi ilmu kepada murid-murid dengan jujur, tulus dan iklas selain pahala jariyah yang didapat akan menambah ilmu baru dengan kita berbagi kita akan merasa kurang dan ingin belajar kembali.Adapun metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melakukan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya integritas Guru dalam menanamkan jiwa mandiri pada Siswa di Yayasan Al-Iman Graha Bintaro Jaya. Setelah pelaksaan Pengabdian kepada Masayarakat ini memberikan gambaran dan semangt baru oleh guru-guru di Sekolah Yayasan Al-iman, menunjukan bahwa integritas Guru dalam Pendidikan memberikan dampak positif pada siswa, terutama dalam hal menanamkan jiwa mandiri pada Siswa, integritas guru dapat menanamkan jiwa kemandirian Siswa bukan hanya di lingkungan sekolah tetapi juga diterapkan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Karena dimasa sekarang ini kita mmbutuhkan generasi penerus bangsa yang memiliki jiwa kemandirian.
Structural features of comparative subordinate clauses in the language of the Middle High German period
Authors: М. П. Оксанич  
Published: October 2022

The paper focuses on structural peculiarities of adverbial clauses of comparison, real comparison in particular, in Middle High German. Conjunctions of comparison are researched in the mentioned period from the point of view of their functions. The changes within the system of conjunctions through different historical periods are also studied. The article also deals withstructural variability which was a marker of Middle High German syntax.
Chengyu Translation Techniques in Web Novel Di Yi Qi Shao
Authors: Agustian Agretio , Prasetyaningtyas Hudiyekti , Trihardini Ayu 
Published: October 2022

The translation is a process of transferring meaning from the source language to the target language. The translation process itself requires appropriate translation techniques in order to produce an acceptable translation in source language. Likewise, idiom or chengyu has its own translation techniques. This study aims to analyze the chengyu translation technique in the Chinese web novel “Di Yi Qi Shao” which has been translated to the Indonesian version called “Menantu Palsu” using the idiom translation theory introduced by Nida and Taber which are from idioms to non-idioms; from idioms to idioms; and from non-idioms to idioms. This research is a qualitative descriptive analysis using the content analysis technique as a data analysis technique. The research uses the idiom translation method from Nida and Taber as a reference. The data of this study consists of 196 chengyu contained in chapter 1 until chapter 25 of the web novel.The study results showed that 155 chengyu (79.08%) were translated from idioms to non-idioms technique and six chengyu (3.06%) were translated by from idioms to idioms technique. Apart from using those two techniques, 35 chengyu (17.86%) were not translated. The results of the study also show that in the process of translation, there is a similar chengyu, each being translated by the same translation technique, but there is also a similar chengyu on several occurrences: some were not translated. In addition, there are similar chengyu which on its several occurernces, were translated by similar techniques but resulted in different translations.
Intranodal Palisaded Myofibroblastoma: A Case Report
Authors: Khaled Ahmed , Alam SM Mahbubul 
Published: October 2022

Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumor almost always arising from inguinal lymphnodes. It usually present as a painless, slow growing inguinal mass. We report herein a case of an intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma occurring in a 43-year-old man along with its salient clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis.
Pulse volumel.11 January-December 2018-2019 p.19-21
Pellet Embolus in Ulnar artery - A rare vascular Injury
Authors: Nine SMA Zulker , Hossain Mohammad Delwar , Hasan AM Kamrul , Hasan Md Kamrul , Khan Nazmus Sakib , Mehar Tahera , Ahmed Niaz , Haider Md Zulfiqur , Ahmed Sohail 
Published: October 2022

Intravascular embolization of bullets and other foreign bodies is a rare complication of penetrating trauma. It can represent a diagnostic challenge because it may present in various and unexpected ways. We report the case of a 65-year-old male who sustained shotgun pellet emboli to left ulnar artery following a right and left upper extremity gunshot injury.
Pulse volumel.11 January-December 2018-2019 p.33-37