bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OSL Dating of the Sukor Earthquake-induced Rockslide in Gorny Altai: Paleoseismological and Paleogeographic Implications
Authors: Deev E.V. , Zolnikov I.D. , Kurbanov R.N. , Panin A.V. , Murray A. , Korzhenkov A.M. , Turova I.V. , Pozdnyakova N.I. , Vasiliev A.V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
—Lacustrine sediments, related subaerial aeolian sands, as well as fluvioglacial sands enclosed in ablation moraines in the Chuya River valley between the Chuya and Kurai basins in Gorny Altai, have been dated by optically stimulated (OSL) and infrared stimulated (IRSL) luminescence. The OSL and IRSL ages indicate that the formation of the lake, which spread into the Chuya Basin, was caused by the Sukor rockslide that dammed the Chuya Valley. The rockslide was triggered by a large earthquake (shaking intensity at least IX-X) generated by an active fault in the Kurai Fault Zone about 16 ka, which is the oldest known date for its activity. Thus, large landslides or rockslides can remain geomorphically expressed for at least 16 ka in the climate and landscape conditions as in the Chuya and Kurai basins. The lake existed till ~10 ka BP and then was gradually drained. The Kuyuktanar glacier reached its greatest extent in the early marine isotope stage (MIS) 2, and its ablation moraines formed about 25 ka. Judging by the age and good preservation of moraines left by the glacier, the hilly terrain in the area of the Sukor rockslide, and the presence of lacustrine sands in the vicinity of the lake dam, no catastrophic flooding events in the Chuya and Katun valleys have occurred since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~20 kyr BP). The water table of the glacier-dammed lake that occupied the Kurai Basin around the LGM could not have exceeded 1750 m above sea level (a.s.l.). Higher lake terraces traceable till elevations of 2100–2200 m a.s.l. should be attributed to more ancient lake stages. Archaeological sites in the area of the junction between the Chuya and Kurai basins were formed in the post-lake period, the oldest dating back to the latest Late Paleolithic time.
Geochemistry of Early Diagenesis of Bog Deposits by the Example of the Holocene Section of the Dulikha Peat Bog (Eastern Baikal Region)
Authors: Leonova G.A. , Maltsev A.E. , Aisueva T.S. , Bobrov V.A. , Melenevskii V.N. , Bychinskii V.A. , Miroshnichenko L.V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
—Two cores of the Dulikha peat bog deposits, 4.0 and 5.2 m thick, were studied in detail. The reduction type of diagenesis has been established. Decomposition of the organic matter of the bog deposits begins already in the upper intervals of the section at the earliest stages of diagenesis. Microbiological studies of the peat bog revealed numerous organotrophic, ammonifying, nitrifying, and phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms as well as Fe-Ox and Mn-Ox microorganisms and showed the almost complete absence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (except for the lower intervals of the peat section). The processes of the nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon cycles are more active than the sulfur cycle processes. The chemical composition of the bog water changes during diagenesis. The contents of HCO3-, NH4+, PO43-, NO3- and Corg increase in the peat bog section, which is the result of the destruction of organic matter, leading to the transition of the most mobile and labile components into the bog water. The results of physicochemical modeling show that the high content of organic matter significantly changes the chemical composition of the bog water. The enrichment of the latter in Cu, Zn, Sr, Ba, As, Si, Al, and Pb indicates a diagenetic transformation of the bog deposits. A change of oxidizing conditions by reducing ones in the peat bog leads to the reduction of oxidized Fe (III) and Mn (IV) forms to mobile Fe (II) and Mn (II) forms and their subsequent migration from the solid phase of deposits into the bog water. With depth, the reduced S (II) forms become predominant in the peat, which indicates more reducing environmental conditions. The concentration of SO42- decreases in the pore water of the peat-underlying mineral deposits, which marks the beginning of sulfate reduction. This process, however, is very slow in the bog deposits because of the acid environmental conditions and the lower degree of transformation of organic matter.
Revised Leachate Pollution Index (r-LPI): A Tool to Quantify Pollution Potential of Landfill Leachate
Authors: Bisht Tribhuwan Singh , Kumar Dinesh , Alappat Babu J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The leachate pollution index (LPI), a technique to quantify the contamination potential of landfill leachate, was developed in 2003. Since then, numerous factors have challenged the relevance of LPI, including advancements in technology, the long-term reliability of these indicators, the incidence of emerging contaminants, and the LPI’s efficacy. As a result, using LPI as a benchmark can lead to misinterpretation of the magnitude of leachate Pollution. To mitigate this, a revised leachate pollution index (r-LPI) was developed, which is more precise and robust in assessing the Pollution potential of landfill leachate. This article presents a comprehensive account of the development of r-LPI. The r-LPI was developed by incorporating fuzzy technique with a multi-criteria decision-making technique (MCDM), wherein the inputs from 60 experts in the field of the environment, specifically solid waste management, were acquired at different stages during its development. The fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) was used to select the parameters. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to compute the relative weights of the parameters and sub-index curves were used for normalization of the parameters. As an application, the LPI and the r-LPI of the Bhalswa, Okhla, and Ghazipur landfills were calculated. The results indicate that r-LPI provides a more comprehensive prediction of leachate Pollution than the LPI.
A Case Study of a Small Ovarian Teratoma: Histological and Molecular Characteristics
Authors: Teshima Shinichi , Sakurai Urara , Kishi Hirohisa , Itoh Junko , Yanai Hiroyuki , Yano Ryo , Onuma Kazuya , Noguchi Masayuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Ovarian teratomas are ovarian tumors composed of three germ layers. They are rarely detected early, and the early stages have neither been reported often nor well characterized.Case presentation: We describe a teratoma measuring 2 × 0.8 mm, one of 1254 consecutive ovarian teratomas diagnosed at three institutions. This is the smallest ovarian teratoma reported in the available literature in English. The teratoma bud contained primitive glandular structures, mesoderm-like cells, cord- and sinus-like structures, and surface cells that were flat-to-cuboidal. To characterize this small teratoma, RNA sequencing was performed; 60 RNAs involved in embryonic morphogenesis were detected. The genes SHH, SOX2, and SOX9, which are involved in maturation and differentiation of the early embryo, were expressed in the tumor and evaluated with RNA in situ hybridization. We found distinct expression patterns corresponding to the histological components of the teratoma bud that were identified in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections.Conclusions: The results of the histological and molecular analyses indicated that ovarian teratomas contain rudimentary organ-like features in the early stage of development, and as the tumor grows, these components differentiate into well-developed somatic tissues through the co-expression of RNAs involved in embryonic morphogenesis.
Do you “Go big or go home” with Neural Networks?
Authors: Dahal Ashim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper includes study of three different text generation model approaches to test if making noticeable inferior changes in data preparation but significantly increasing the size of the model would have continuous drastic changes on the fidelity of results. I used chicken recipes found online to train text generative models that resulted in three different chicken recipes that no one may be able to follow. The general theme that emerged as the result of this experiment was: the outcome of a model is dictated not only by how big it is but also how well the data was processed for it.
A machine learning-based data mining in medical examination data: a biological features-based biological age prediction model
Authors: Yang Qing , Gao Sunan , Lin Junfen , Lyu Ke , Wu Zexu , Qiu Yinwei , Zhao Yanrong , Wang Wei , Lin Tianxiang , Chen Ming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Biological age (BA) has been recognized as a more accurate indicator of aging than chronological age (CA). However, current limitations include insufficient attention to the incompleteness of medical data used to construct BA; lack of machine learning-based BA (ML-BA) on the Chinese population; neglect of the influence of the degree of model overfitting on the stability of the correlation results.Methods and Results: Based on the medical examination data of the Chinese population (45-90 years), we first evaluated the most suitable missing interpolation method, then constructed 14 ML-BAs based on biomarkers, and finally explored the associations between ML-BAs and health statuses (healthy risk indicators and disease). We found that round-robin linear regression interpolation performed best, while AE showed the highest stability at high missing rates. We further illustrated the potential overfitting problem in ML-BAs, which affected the stability of ML-BAs' associations with health statuses. We then proposed a composite ML-BA based on the Stacking method with a simple meta-model (STK-BA), which overcame the overfitting problem, and associated more strongly with CA (r = 0.66, P < 0.001), healthy risk indicators, disease counts, and six types of disease.Conclusion: We provided an improved aging measurement method for middle-aged and elderly groups in China, which can more stably capture aging characteristics other than CA, supporting the emerging application potential of machine learning in aging research.
Hybrid Image Compression technique using Deep Learning model for enhanced reliability and data transmission
Authors: Rekha K Bhanu , S Safinaz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Image compression is the way of data compression which could be applicable to digital form of images for the purpose of reducing the cost of storage or transmission and any algorithm would consider visual perception or statistical properties of an image to establish enhanced results. The compression techniques might be lossy or lossless type. The supreme image quality at a particular compression rate is the major aim of any image compression approach. Objective: In this current research, image compression is carried out with the support of hybrid Convolution Neural Network (CNN) and Random Forest (RF) approach. Data description: The proposed methodology is executed in python environment and the performance metrics is evaluated and outcomes attained are compared with existing research works to verify the effectiveness of suggested concept.
Nurse-led Oral Mucositis Management: Impact on Health Outcomes of Patients Receiving Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer and Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kara Hava , Arikan Fatma , Kartoz Funda , Sahin Aylin Fidan Korcum 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to evaluate the impact of nurse-led OM management on the health outcomes of patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and lung cancer.Methods The radiotherapy nurse carried out evidence-based assessments for OM in patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer and lung cancer and scheduled to receive radiotherapy, during their visits to the radiotherapy unit. The study adopted a holistic approach involving the patient in the care process with the radiotherapy nurse screening OM complications, providing information on OM-related factors and integrating these factors into daily life. The prospective, longitudinal cohort study, 27 patients were assessed and monitored through the WHO Oral Toxicity Scale, OM Follow-up Form and educated on OM during their radiotherapy through the OM Prevention and Care Guide. At the end of radiotherapy, an Evaluation of the Radiotherapy Process was performed.Results In this study, each patient was followed for six weeks from the start of radiotherapy (n=27). During RT, 23 patients had different grades of OM and 26 patients had esophagitis.The worst clinical data for OM and its variables emerged at week 6 of treatment. While the Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS) score increased over time, weight loss was observed to decrease. The mean stress level was 4.74±0.33 in the first week and 5.77±0.35 in the last week. It was observed that 24 out of 27 patients (88.9%) showed good adherence to the treatment.Conclusion Involving the patient in the process of radiotherapy in nurse-led OM management contributes to better patient outcomes. Such an approach improves oral care management in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck and lung cancer, demonstrating its positive impact on additional patient-focused outcomes.
Comparative study on growth, physiological and biotic stress resistance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) by exogenous application of jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Wang Xuhao , Cui Jinghui , Li Xiangying , Wang Ge , Zheng Guo , Li Yueying , Li Xuemei , Ma Lianju , Wang Lanlan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
JA is a defensive plant hormone, and its derivative MeJA is widely used in scientific research as an exogenous plant regulator to plants under biotic or abiotic stress. In recent years, the comparative study of MeJA and JA has become a new field for JA researchers, but most of them remain in laboratory experiments. Differences between the response of JA compounds to biotic stress in crops under greenhouse conditions, is not studied well. In this study, we studied the difference of two JA compounds in the regulation of physiological, growth and biotic stress resistance of cucumber under greenhouse conditions. We have three key findings: (1) JA compounds can significantly enhance the antioxidant activity, defense secondary metabolite accumulation and stress-resistance of cucumber. (2) MeJA increased the accumulation of lignin in cucumber leaves by elevating the activities of enzymes related to lignin biosynthesis (PAL, POD, LAC), which resulted in lower value of plant stress rating than JA. (3) MeJA also had a greater limiting effect on cucumber biomass accumulation than JA, which may be another reason for the lower plant stress rating. Our research has provided suggestions and experience for relevant agricultural production and follow-up scientific research.
Efficient technique for image cryptography using Sudoku Keys
Authors: Manimekalai M.A.P. , Karthikeyan M. , mary Thusnavis Bella , Neebha T.Mary , Sagayam K. Martin , Elngar Ahmed A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This Paper work proposes an Image cryptographic technique based on the Sudoku solution. The Sudoku solution can be reduced to a proper key clue by increasing the complexity level. The reduced clue for the Sudoku serves as the base key, which can be solved both at the Encryption and Decryption phase to reveal the Sudoku solution. Since a proper key clue leads to only one sudoku solution, the key is always stable. The Sudoku solution is expanded to the size of the Image to be encrypted using a sequence of expansion techniques. These techniques involve Number filling of the key matrix, Linear X-Y rotational shifting and Standard Zig zag pattern based reverse shifting. The derived cryptokey for an image dictates the details of positions to which the image pixels have to be shuffled. The shuffling is made at two levels namely Pixel level and Sub-Pixel (RGB) levels for an image, with the latter having more effective encryption. As this image encryption involves position shuffling in RGB layers, this technique falls under the Image scrambling method with partial diffusion. The Source and Encrypted images are analyzed for the crypto quality and thereby derive out the Performance metrics. The Distribution level of the source image pixels in the encrypted image is visually assessed by the absolute difference image. The Performance metrics reveal that the cryptography is more efficient, when the Sudoku is treated as a square matrix cryptokey and effectively used.
Augmenting protein biofortification in maize using teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis)
Authors: Varalakshmi S , Singh Narendra Kumar , Pareek Navneet , Senthilkumar V 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Maize underwent domestication from the wild species Teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) in the Balsas River valley of Mexico. While domestication and selective breeding of maize lost major alleles for kernel size and composition, Teosintes have a huge repository of novel and diverse alleles for protein content; have doubled protein content and higher levels of methionine-rich zeins than cultivated maize. To address the issue of protein in maize, we developed and investigated BC1F2:3 population derived from crossing between maize inbred line CML-451 and teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis). The data on ear traits and protein content were recorded on 126 BC1F2:3 individual cobs and parental lines. The protein content of among the BC1F2:3 lines had highly significant variation which varied from 9.53 % to 16.49 % for MP51 and MP6 lines, respectively. The results stipulated that protein content of teosinte introgressed maize lines is improved by 41.42% over CML-451. The introgressed population also exhibited significant variation for all ear traits investigated. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis have applied for estimation of genetic diversity among introgressed lines. Proteins content, ear length (cm), ear width (cm), kernel rows/ear and test weight (g) are all significant contributors to maximum diversity among teosinte introgressed maize lines. Cluster analysis highlighted the diversity among lines based on protein content and test weight and grouped them into six clusters. Cluster II lines were characterized by higher protein content and test weight values and were considered for wider use in breeding programmes. The results of the investigation highlight the substantial increase in the protein content of the teosinte derived maize lines and therefore indicates critical role of Zea mays ssp. parviglumis in protein biofortification of maize kernels.
Theranostic application of 64Cu/177Lu-labeled anti-Trop2 monoclonal antibody in pancreatic cancer tumor models
Authors: Li Cuicui , Liu Jun , Yang Xu , Yang Qi , Huang Wenpeng , Zhang Mingyu , Zhou Dandan , Wang Rong , Gong Jianhua , Miao Qingfang , Kang Lei , Yang Jigang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with high degree of malignancy, strong heterogeneity and high lethality. Trop2 is a transmembrane glycoprotein associated with the occurrence, development and poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer. This study aims to develop 64Cu/177Lu-labeled anti-Trop2 monoclonal antibody (IMB1636) for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and radioimmunotherapy (RIT) application in pancreatic cancer tumor models.
Methods
The binding kinetics of IMB1636 to Trop2 was measured by Biolayer interferometry (BLI). Western blotting and flow cytometry were used to screen the Trop2 expression of pancreatic cancer cell lines. IMB1636 were conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-NOTA (NOTA) and DOTA-NHS-ester (DOTA) for 64Cu and 177Lu radiolabeling respectively. ImmunoPET imaging and RIT studies were performed using 64Cu-NOTA-IMB1636 and 177Lu-DOTA-IMB1636 in subcutaneous pancreatic cancer tumor models.
Results
IMB1636 had strong binding affinity to Trop2 according to the results of BLI. T3M-4 cell line showed strongest expression of Trop2 and specific binding ability of IMB1636. The radiochemical purity of 64Cu-NOTA-IMB1636 and 177Lu-DOTA-IMB1636 exceeded 95%. PET imaging showed gradually accumulation of 64Cu-NOTA-IMB1636 in T3M-4 tumor models. The peak tumor uptake was 8.95 ± 1.07%ID/g (n = 4) at 48 h post injection (p.i.), which had significant differences with T3M-4-blocked and PaTu8988 negative groups (P < 0.001). High dose 177Lu-DOTA-IMB1636 demonstrated strongest tumor suppression with standardized tumor volume about 94.24 ± 14.62% (n = 5) at 14 days p.i., significantly smaller than other groups (P = 0.000 ~ 0.047). Ex vivo Biodistribution and histological staining verified the in vivo PET imaging and RIT results.
Conclusions
This study demonstrated that 64Cu/177Lu labeled IMB1636 could noninvasively evaluate the expression level of Trop2 and inhibit the Trop2-overexpressed tumor growth in pancreatic cancer tumor models. Further clinical evaluation and translation of Trop2-targeted drug may be of great help in the stratification and management of pancreatic cancer patients.
Antiferromagnetic insulating state in layered nickelates at half filling
Authors: Jung Myung-Chul , LaBollita Harrison , Pardo Victor , Botana Antia S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

We provide a set of computational experiments based on ab initio calculations to elucidate whether a cuprate-like antiferromagnetic insulating state can be present in the phase diagram of the low-valence layered nickelate family (Rn+1NinO2n+2, R= rare-earth, n = 1 − ∞) in proximity to half-filling. It is well established that at d9 filling the infinite-layer (n = ∞) nickelate is metallic, in contrast to cuprates wherein an antiferromagnetic insulator is expected. We show that for the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) reduced phases of the series (finite n) an antiferromagnetic insulating ground state can naturally be obtained instead at d9 filling, due to the spacer RO2 fluorite slabs present in their structure that block the c-axis dispersion. In the n = ∞ nickelate, the same type of solution can be derived if the off-plane R-Ni coupling is suppressed. We show how this can be achieved if a structural element that cuts off the c-axis dispersion is introduced (i.e. vacuum in a monolayer of RNiO2, or a blocking layer in multilayers formed by (RNiO2)1/(RNaO2)1).