bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From the Infrapatellar Fat Pad Without Enzyme and Preliminary Study on the Repair of Articular Cartilage Defects in Rabbits
Authors: Fu Qiwei , Zhou Rong , Cao Jia , Chen Yi , Zhu Jun , Zhou Yiqin , Shao Jiahua , Xin Wei , Yuan Shuai 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the advantages of without enzyme isolating patellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stem cells (IPFP-SCs) and the feasibility of cartilage repair.Methods: The IPFP-SCs were isolated using the without enzyme method and compared with the IPFP-SCs obtained by the traditional enzyme digestion method in terms of cell proliferation ability, characterization, and differentiation ability, and the differences in chondrogenic induction and differentiation between the two groups were compared. Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6). After the articular cartilage defects were modeled, different preparations were injected into the joint cavity. The rabbits in the group A were injected with the mixture of IPFP-SCs and pure PRP (P-PRP), separated using the without enzyme method, while those in the group B were injected with the mixture of IPFP-SCs and P-PRP separated with the digestion method, while those in the group C were injected with SVF separated using the without enzyme method, and those in the group D were injected with normal saline. At 6 weeks and 12 weeks after operation, the cartilage repair of rabbit joint specimens was observed and evaluated by gross observation and histological staining, and the effects of different IPFP-SCs application forms in repairing cartilage defects were compared.Results: The time required to obtain IPFP-SCs by enzyme-free isolation was significantly less than that by enzyme digestion, while the acquisition rate of primary cells was significantly lower than that by enzyme digestion. After culture and amplification, the two IPFP-SCs from different sources did not show significant differences in cell proliferation, cell phenotype, and differentiation ability. In animal experiments, groups A and B had the best effect on the repair of cartilage defects, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The repair effect in group C was weaker than that in the former two groups, but it was relatively better than that in group D.Conclusion: It is more time-saving to obtain IPFP-SCs by the without enzyme method than by enzymatic digestion, and there is no significant difference in cell identification and differentiation potential between the two methods. However, the rate of obtaining primary cells was significantly lower than that with the enzyme digestion method. IPFP-SCs showed good repair effect in the rabbit animal cartilage defect model, providing ideas and reference for the clinical application of stem cells in repairing articular cartilage.
Cultivating marine bacteria under laboratory conditions: Overcoming the “unculturable” dogma
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos J. C. , de Carvalho Carla C. C. R. 
Published: August 2022

Underexplored seawater environments may contain biological resources with potential for new biotechnological applications. Metagenomic techniques revolutionized the study of bacterial communities but culture dependent methods will still be important to help the biodiscovery of new products and enzymes from marine bacteria. In this context, we promoted the growth of bacteria from a marine rock pond by culture dependent techniques and compared the results with culture independent methods. The total number of bacteria and diversity were studied in different agar plate media during 6 weeks. Agar plate counting was of the same order of magnitude of direct microscopy counts. The highest efficiency of cultivation was 45% attained in marine agar medium. Molecular analysis revealed 10 different phyla of which only four were isolated by the culture dependent method. On the other hand, four taxonomic orders were detected by cultivation but not by the molecular technique. These include bacteria from the phyla Bacillota and Actinomycetota. Our study shows that it is possible to grow more than the traditionally considered 1% of bacteria from a seawater sample using standard agar plate techniques and laboratorial conditions. The results also demonstrate the importance of culture methods to grow bacteria not detected by molecular approaches for future biotechnological applications.
Adsorption behavior of biochar pyrolyzed from barracuda grass for cadmium ions
Authors: Shao Yan , Chen Zhiliang , Zhang Zhonglei , Pang Jun , Li Yinyin , Zhu Jia , Zhang Gen , Wang Xiaoshu , Chang Ming , Wang Lei 
Published: August 2022

This work investigated the removal of cadmium ions (Cd2+) by using biochar derived from Barracuda Grass. The biochars derived from the pyrolysis of roots (BGR), stems (BGS) and leaves (BGL) were characterized and their performance for cadmium adsorption was studied at varying parameters of temperature, time, and alkali (earth) metal concentrations. The maximum adsorption amount at equilibrium of BGR, BGS and BGL was determined experimentally as 8.38 mg/g, 42.12 mg/g, and 30.39 mg/g. Adsorption fitting results revealed that Cd2+ adsorbed on BGR and BGS preferred to be multilayer-covered, and BGL was more likely to have monolayer-covered functions. The kinetic data fitted well to the pseudo-second-order model (R2 &gt; 0.99), revealing the adsorption process was a spontaneous monolayer chemisorption process. The results of alkaline (earth) metals leaching of biochar revealed that the inherent alkaline (earth) metals in biochar made inhibitory functions on the Cd2+ adsorption behavior by occupying the active sites. And in the process of wastewater treatment, the leaching of alkaline earth metals might enhance the complexation reaction between surface groups and Cd2+. This study provides a feasible strategy for the resource utilization of abundant hydrophytic plants in waste management.
Escherichia coli O88 induces intestinal damage and inflammatory response through the oxidative phosphorylation and ribosome pathway in Pekin ducks
Authors: Li Chong , Li Shuzhen , Liu Jinmei , Cai Huiyi , Liu Guohua , Deng Xuejuan , Chang Wenhuan 
Published: August 2022

Colibacillosis is one of the major health threats in the poultry industry worldwide. Understanding the pathogenic mechanisms involved in Escherichia coli-induced inflammatory response may lead to the development of new therapies to combat the disease. To address this, a total of 96 1-day-old male lean Pekin ducklings were employed and randomly allocated to two treatments, each with six replicates of eight ducks. Ducks in the experiment group (EG) and the control group (CG) were separately orally administered with 0.2 ml of pathogenic E. coli O88 (3 × 109 CFU/ml) or equivalent volumes of 0.9% sterile saline solution on day 7, two times with an 8-h interval. Serum and intestinal samples were collected on days 9, 14, and 28. Results showed that ducks challenged with E. coli had lower average daily gain and higher feed intake/weight gain during days 9–14 and overall (P &lt; 0.05). Histopathological examination showed that E. coli decreased the villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth in the jejunum (P &lt; 0.05) on days 9 and 14. The intestinal barrier was disrupted, presenting in E. coli ducks having higher serum DAO and D-LA on days 9 and 14 (P &lt; 0.05) and greater content of serum LPS on day 9 (P &lt; 0.05). Escherichia coli infection also triggered a systemic inflammatory response including the decrease of the serum IgA, IgM, and jejunal sIgA on day 14 (P &lt; 0.05). In addition to these, 1,062 differentially expressed genes were detected in the jejunum tissues of ducks by RNA-seq, consisting of 491 upregulated and 571 downregulated genes. Based on the KEGG database, oxidative phosphorylation and the ribosome pathway were the most enriched. These findings reveal the candidate pathways and genes that may be involved in E. coli infection, allow a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of inflammation progression and may facilitate the genetic improvement of ducks, and provide further insights to tackle the drug sensitivity and animal welfare issues.
Petrogenesis of Havre Volcano in the Kermadec Arc: 2012 Eruption of a Chemically Homogeneous Rhyolite
Authors: Knafelc J. , Gust D. , Bryan S. E. , Anderson M. , Cathey H. E. 
Published: August 2022

The 2012 Havre submarine eruption produced a 1.5 km3bulk rock volume or 0.52 km3dense rock equivalent volume of rhyolite emplaced as minor lava flows, a field of sunken seafloor pumice, and a volumetrically dominant pumice raft. This moderately large volume of medium-K (1.4–1.6 wt% K2O) rhyolite pumice is relatively chemically homogeneous (71.5–73.0 wt% SiO2), and no trace element variation or cryptic zoning has been detected despite the textural diversity of pumice material. Radiogenic isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr 0.703693–0.703744;206Pb/204Pb 18.7648–18.7781;208Pb/204Pb 38.587–38.605;143Nd/144Nd 0.513001–0.513020) demonstrate the Havre rhyolite is sourced from mantle similar to regional eruptive products of the Kermadec arc volcanic front. Providing some further insight into the Havre magmatic system is an abundance of diverse volcanic rock fragments primarily embedded in the banded raft pumice. Embedded rock fragments represent a variety of fresh to hydrothermally altered lavas ranging in composition from basaltic to rhyolitic (50.6–72.3 wt% SiO2) and are likely sourced from varying depths within the volcanic conduit during explosive fragmentation. The diverse embedded volcanic rock fragments, therefore, represent earlier erupted lavas that constructed Havre volcano and are snapshots of the petrogenetic history of Havre. Magnesian augite in basaltic to basaltic andesite embedded rock fragments has a similar compositional range (En55Fs12Wo33to En39Fs26Wo35) to the previously documented antecrystic clinopyroxene observed in the 2012 rhyolite pumice raft. Herein, we explain how this large volume of chemically homogeneous crystal-poor rhyolite can be generated in an oceanic arc setting based on major and trace element petrogenetic models. Rhyolite-MELTS crystal fractionation models indicate the antecrystic mineral compositions within the Havre pumice of plagioclase (An55–78), and magnesian augites (En53Fs10Wo37to En40Fs26Wo34) are the primary phases that would crystallize in basaltic to andesitic melt compositions. Modeling indicates that the forerunner basaltic magma must be a relatively dry (∼1 wt% H20) low-K tholeiitic basalt in composition and would require ∼78% crystallization at different pressures to ultimately generate the Havre 2012 rhyolite.
Distinct impacts of fat and fructose on the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue metabolome: An integrated view
Authors: Meneses Maria João , Sousa-Lima Inês , Jarak Ivana , Raposo João F. , Alves Marco G. , Macedo Maria Paula 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveIn the last years, changes in dietary habits have contributed to the increasing prevalence of metabolic disorders, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The differential burden of lipids and fructose on distinct organs needs to be unveiled. Herein, we hypothesized that high-fat and high-fructose diets differentially affect the metabolome of insulin-sensitive organs such as the liver, muscle, and different adipose tissue depots.MethodsWe have studied the impact of 12 weeks of a control (11.50% calories from fat, 26.93% from protein, and 61.57% from carbohydrates), high-fat/sucrose (HFat), or high-fructose (HFruct) feeding on C57Bl/6J male mice. Besides glucose homeostasis, we analyzed the hepatic levels of glucose and lipid-metabolism-related genes and the metabolome of the liver, the muscle, and white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) depots.ResultsHFat diet led to a more profound impact on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism than HFruct, with mice presenting glucose intolerance, increased saturated fatty acids, and no glycogen pool, yet both HFat and HFruct presented hepatic insulin resistance. HFat diet promoted a decrease in glucose and lactate pools in the muscle and an increase in glutamate levels. While HFat had alterations in BAT metabolites that indicate increased thermogenesis, HFruct led to an increase in betaine, a protective metabolite against fructose-induced inflammation.ConclusionsOur data illustrate that HFat and HFruct have a negative but distinct impact on the metabolome of the liver, muscle, WAT, and BAT.
Sex-specific impact of diabetes on all-cause mortality among adults with acute myocardial infarction: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis, 1988-2021
Authors: Ding Qinglan , Funk Marjorie , Spatz Erica S. , Lin Haiqun , Batten Janene , Wu Emily , Whittemore Robin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe prevalence of diabetes and its impact on mortality after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are well-established. Sex-specific analyses of the impact of diabetes on all-cause mortality after AMI have not been updated and comprehensively investigated.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that examined sex-specific short-term, mid-term and long-term all-cause mortality associated with diabetes among AMI survivors (diabetes versus non-diabetes patients in men and women separately), using up-to-date data.MethodsWe systematically searched Embase and MEDLINE for studies that were published from inception to November 14, 2021. Studies were included if (1) they studied post-AMI all-cause-mortality in patients with and without diabetes, (2) sex-specific all-cause mortality at short-term (in-hospital or within 90 days after discharge), mid-term (&gt;90 days and within 5 years), and/or long-term (&gt;5 years) were reported. From eligible studies, we used random effects meta-analyses models to estimate pooled unadjusted and adjusted sex-specific risk ratio (RR) of all-cause mortality at short-, mid-, and long-term follow-up for adults with diabetes compared with those without diabetes.ResultsOf the 3647 unique studies identified, 20 studies met inclusion criteria. In the unadjusted analysis (Total N=673,985; women=34.2%; diabetes patients=19.6%), patients with diabetes were at a higher risk for all-cause mortality at short-term (men: RR, 2.06; women: RR, 1.83); and mid-term follow-up (men: RR, 1.69; women: RR, 1.52) compared with those without diabetes in both men and women. However, when adjusted RRs were used (Total N=7,144,921; women=40.0%; diabetes patients=28.4%), the associations between diabetes and all-cause mortality in both men and women were attenuated, but still significantly elevated for short-term (men: RR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.12-1.20; women: RR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.15-1.46), mid-term (men: RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.31-1.46; women: RR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.20-1.58), and long-term mortality (men: RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22-2.05; women: RR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.25-2.47). In men, all-cause mortality risk associated with diabetes tended to increase with the duration of follow-up (p&lt;0.0001).ConclusionsDiabetes has substantial and sustained effects on post-AMI all-cause mortality at short-term, mid-term and long-term follow-up, regardless of sex. Tailoring AMI treatment based on patients’ diabetes status, duration of follow-up and sex may help narrow the gap in all-cause mortality between patients with diabetes and those without diabetes.
Ferroptosis-related gene expression in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia
Authors: Ding Yuzhen , Yang Xiaofeng , Han Xiaoxue , Shi Meiting , Sun Lu , Liu Mengyuan , Zhang Ping , Huang Zhengrui , Yang Xiuli , Li Ruiman 
Published: August 2022

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Placental oxidative stress has been identified as a major pathway to the development of PE. Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death that is associated with iron metabolism and oxidative stress, and likely mediates PE pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to identify the key molecules involved in ferroptosis to further explore the mechanism of ferroptosis in PE.Methods: Gene expression data and clinical information were downloaded from the GEO database. The limma R package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and intersected with ferroptosis genes. The GO and KEGG pathways were then analyzed. Next, hub genes were identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Receiver operating curves (ROCs) were performed for diagnostic and Pearson’s correlation of hub genes and clinicopathological characteristics. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis were used to verify the expression of hub genes.Results: A total of 3,142 DEGs were identified and 30 ferroptosis-related DEGs were obtained. In addition, ferroptosis-related pathways were enriched by GO and KEGG using DEGs. Two critical modules and six hub genes that were highly related to diagnosis of PE were identified through WGCNA. The analysis of the clinicopathological features showed that NQO1 and SRXN1 were closely correlated with PE characteristics and diagnosis. Finally, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed that the expression of the SRXN1 protein in the placental tissue of patients with PE was significantly elevated, while the expression of NQO1 was significantly decreased.Conclusions: SRXN1 and NQO1 may be key ferroptosis-related proteins in the pathogenesis of PE. The study may provide a theoretical and experimental basis for revealing the pathogenesis of PE and improving the diagnosis of PE.
Fucose as a potential therapeutic molecule against the immune-mediated inflammation in IgA nepharopathy: An unrevealed link
Authors: Qing Jianbo , Hu Xueli , Li Changqun , Song Wenzhu , Tirichen Hasna , Yaigoub Hasnaa , Li Yafeng 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is an autoimmune disease that affects people of any age and is an important cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of IgAN is not clear. This article aimed to explore the immune-mediated inflammation and genetic mechanisms in IgAN.MethodsThe transcriptome sequencing data of IgAN glomeruli in the Gene Expression Omnibus database were downloaded. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was used to estimate the immune microenvironment of the merged microarray data and GSE141295. IgAN samples were divided into two clusters by cluster analysis. “limma” and “DEseq2” package in R were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the co-expression modules related to inflammation in IgAN. R software package “clusterProfiler” was used for enrichment analysis, whereas Short Time-Series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis was used to identify the trend of gene expression. Machine-learn (ML) was performed using the shiny app. Finally, Drug Signatures Database (DSigDB) was used to identify potential molecules for treating IgAN.ResultsThe infiltration of macrophages in IgAN glomeruli was increased, whereas CD4+ T cells, especially inducedregulatory T cells (iTregs) were decreased. A total of 1,104 common DEGs were identified from the merged data and GSE141295. Brown module was identified to have the highest inflammatory correlation with IgAN using WGCNA, and 15 hub genes were screened from this module. Among these 15 hub genes, 14 increased with the severity of IgAN inflammation based on STEM analysis. Neural network (nnet) is considered as the best model to predict the severity of IgAN. Fucose identified from DSigDB has a potential biological activity to treat IgAN.ConclusionThe increase of macrophages and the decrease of iTregs in glomeruli represent the immune-mediated inflammation of IgAN, and fucose may be a potential therapeutic molecule against IgAN because it affects genes involved in the severe inflammation of IgAN.
Warm bias of cold sea surface temperatures in the East Sea (Japan Sea)
Authors: Yoon Seung-Tae , Park JongJin 
Published: August 2022

The East/Japan Sea (ES) is regarded as a natural laboratory for predicting future changes in the global Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) under warming climates, as the ES MOC (EMOC) changes rapidly in comparison with the global MOC. Specifically, intermediate and deep-water masses of the ES are formed in its northern reaches via wind-driven subduction of surface water, and convection from the surface to deep layers during the winter. Accordingly, it is important to investigate the variation of winter sea surface temperatures (SSTs) for characterizing and predicting the EMOC; however, global SST products must be corrected and optimized for the ES, as they fail to incorporate the local marginal sea conditions. Here, a warm bias in cold SST was identified for three SST products, such as optimally interpolated sea surface temperatures (OISSTs), microwave SSTs, and operational SST and sea ice analysis products, suggesting the potential usefulness of a correction method incorporating Argo float data. When comparing OISSTs with 5 m temperature estimates from Argo float data during 2000–2020, under the assumption that the mixed layer depth is deeper than 8 m, a nearly normalized histogram of biases was produced, and the robust warm bias (mean = 0.9°C) was detected in the range of relatively cold SSTs (-2°C to 10°C), yet no significant bias in warm SSTs (&gt; 10°C) was found. To minimize the warm bias in cold SSTs, OISSTs were corrected with an inverse 4th-order polynomial fitting method. Subsequently, the mean bias between the corrected SSTs and top depth temperatures of Argo float data was significantly reduced to less than 0.1°C. Moreover, the warm bias of cold SSTs resulted in severe underestimations of the outcropping area colder than 1°C over the northern region, as well as the occurrence period of 1°C to 5°C SSTs in the north-western ES. These results highlight the importance of local bias correction for SST products, and it is expected that the newly suggested correction method will improve model predictions of EMOC change by enhancing SST data quality in the northern ES.