bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting early failure of quantum cascade lasers during accelerated burn-in testing using machine learning
Authors: Aydinkarahaliloglu Cagri , Jatar Shashank , Wang Xiaojun , Fong Mary , Gupta Vijay , Troccoli Mariano , Hoffman Anthony J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDevice life time is a significant consideration in the cost of ownership of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). The life time of QCLs beyond an initial burn-in period has been studied previously; however, little attention has been given to predicting premature device failure where the device fails within several hundred hours of operation. Here, we demonstrate how standard electrical and optical device measurements obtained during an accelerated burn-in process can be used in a simple support vector machine to predict premature failure with high confidence. For every QCL that fails, at least one of the measurements is classified as belonging to a device that will fail prematurely—as much as 200 h before the actual failure of the device. Furthermore, for devices that are operational at the end of the burn-in process, the algorithm correctly classifies all the measurements. This work will influence future device analysis and could lead to insights on the physical mechanisms of premature failure in QCLs.
Metagenomic assembled plasmids of the human microbiome vary across disease cohorts
Authors: Stockdale S. R. , Harrington R. S. , Shkoporov A. N. , Khokhlova E. V. , Daly K. M. , McDonnell S. A. , O’Reagan O. , Nolan J. A. , Sheehan D. , Lavelle A. , Draper L. A. , Shanahan F. , Ross R. P. , Hill C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe compiled a human metagenome assembled plasmid (MAP) database and interrogated differences across multiple studies that were originally designed to investigate the composition of the human microbiome across various lifestyles, life stages and events. This was performed as plasmids enable bacteria to rapidly expand their functional capacity through mobilisation, yet their contribution to human health and disease is poorly understood. We observed that inter-sample β-diversity differences of plasmid content (plasmidome) could distinguish cohorts across a multitude of conditions. We also show that reduced intra-sample plasmidome α-diversity is consistent amongst patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Clostridioides difficile infections. We also show that faecal microbiota transplants can restore plasmidome diversity. Overall plasmidome diversity, specific plasmids, and plasmid-encoded functions can all potentially act as biomarkers of IBD or its severity. The human plasmidome is an overlooked facet of the microbiome and should be integrated into investigations regarding the role of the microbiome in promoting health or disease. Including MAP databases in analyses will enable a greater understanding of the roles of plasmid-encoded functions within the gut microbiome and will inform future human metagenome analyses.
Investigating the association of environmental exposures and all-cause mortality in the UK Biobank using sparse principal component analysis
Authors: Mamouei Mohammad , Zhu Yajie , Nazarzadeh Milad , Hassaine Abdelaali , Salimi-Khorshidi Gholamreza , Cai Yutong , Rahimi Kazem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMulticollinearity refers to the presence of collinearity between multiple variables and renders the results of statistical inference erroneous (Type II error). This is particularly important in environmental health research where multicollinearity can hinder inference. To address this, correlated variables are often excluded from the analysis, limiting the discovery of new associations. An alternative approach to address this problem is the use of principal component analysis. This method, combines and projects a group of correlated variables onto a new orthogonal space. While this resolves the multicollinearity problem, it poses another challenge in relation to interpretability of results. Standard hypothesis testing methods can be used to evaluate the association of projected predictors, called principal components, with the outcomes of interest, however, there is no established way to trace the significance of principal components back to individual variables. To address this problem, we investigated the use of sparse principal component analysis which enforces a parsimonious projection. We hypothesise that this parsimony could facilitate the interpretability of findings. To this end, we investigated the association of 20 environmental predictors with all-cause mortality adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, physiological, and behavioural factors. The study was conducted in a cohort of 379,690 individuals in the UK. During an average follow-up of 8.05 years (3,055,166 total person-years), 14,996 deaths were observed. We used Cox regression models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Cox models were fitted to the standardised environmental predictors (a) without any transformation (b) transformed with PCA, and (c) transformed with SPCA. The comparison of findings underlined the potential of SPCA for conducting inference in scenarios where multicollinearity can increase the risk of Type II error. Our analysis unravelled a significant association between average noise pollution and increased risk of all-cause mortality. Specifically, those in the upper deciles of noise exposure have between 5 and 10% increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to the lowest decile.
Simple and effective serum-free medium for sustained expansion of bovine satellite cells for cell cultured meat
Authors: Stout Andrew J. , Mirliani Addison B. , Rittenberg Miriam L. , Shub Michelle , White Eugene C. , Yuen John S. K. , Kaplan David L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCell-cultured meat offers the potential for a more sustainable, ethical, resilient, and healthy food system. However, research and development has been hindered by the lack of serum-free media that enable the robust expansion of relevant cells (e.g., muscle satellite cells) over multiple passages. Recently, a low-cost serum-free media (B8) was described for pluripotent stem cells. Here, B8 is adapted for bovine satellite cells through the addition of a single component, recombinant albumin, which renders it suitable for long-term satellite cell expansion without sacrificing myogenicity. This new media (Beefy-9) maintains cell growth over the entire period tested (seven passages), with an average doubling time of 39 h. Along with demonstrated efficacy for bovine cells, Beefy-9 offers a promising starting-point for developing serum-free media for other meat-relevant species. Ultimately, this work offers a foundation for escaping cultured meat research’s reliance on serum, thereby accelerating the field.
RAISING is a high-performance method for identifying random transgene integration sites
Authors: Wada Yusaku , Sato Tomoo , Hasegawa Hiroo , Matsudaira Takahiro , Nao Naganori , Coler-Reilly Ariella L. G. , Tasaka Tomohiko , Yamauchi Shunsuke , Okagawa Tomohiro , Momose Haruka , Tanio Michikazu , Kuramitsu Madoka , Sasaki Daisuke , Matsumoto Nariyoshi , Yagishita Naoko , Yamauchi Junji , Araya Natsumi , Tanabe Kenichiro , Yamagishi Makoto , Nakashima Makoto , Nakahata Shingo , Iha Hidekatsu , Ogata Masao , Muramatsu Masamichi , Imaizumi Yoshitaka , Uchimaru Kaoru , Miyazaki Yasushi , Konnai Satoru , Yanagihara Katsunori , Morishita Kazuhiro , Watanabe Toshiki , Yamano Yoshihisa , Saito Masumichi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBoth natural viral infections and therapeutic interventions using viral vectors pose significant risks of malignant transformation. Monitoring for clonal expansion of infected cells is important for detecting cancer. Here we developed a novel method of tracking clonality via the detection of transgene integration sites. RAISING (Rapid Amplification of Integration Sites without Interference by Genomic DNA contamination) is a sensitive, inexpensive alternative to established methods. Its compatibility with Sanger sequencing combined with our CLOVA (Clonality Value) software is critical for those without access to expensive high throughput sequencing. We analyzed samples from 688 individuals infected with the retrovirus HTLV-1, which causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) to model our method. We defined a clonality value identifying ATL patients with 100% sensitivity and 94.8% specificity, and our longitudinal analysis also demonstrates the usefulness of ATL risk assessment. Future studies will confirm the broad applicability of our technology, especially in the emerging gene therapy sector.
Male mating strategies to counter sexual conflict in spiders
Authors: Zhang Shichang , Yu Long , Tan Min , Tan Noeleen Y. L. , Wong Xaven X. B. , Kuntner Matjaž , Li Daiqin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhen sexual conflict selects for reproductive strategies that only benefit one of the sexes, evolutionary arms races may ensue. Female sexual cannibalism is an extreme manifestation of sexual conflict. Here we test two male mating strategies aiming at countering sexual cannibalism in spiders. The “better charged palp” hypothesis predicts male selected use of the paired sexual organ (palp) containing more sperm for their first copulation. The “fast sperm transfer” hypothesis predicts accelerated insemination when cannibalism is high. Our comparative tests on five orbweb spider species with varying levels of female sexual cannibalism and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) reveal that males choose the palp with more sperm for the first copulation with cannibalistic females and that males transfer significantly more sperm if females are cannibalistic or when SSD is biased. By supporting the two hypotheses, these results provide credibility for male mating syndrome. They, however, open new questions, namely, how does a male differentiate sperm quantities between his palps? How does he perform palp choice after assessing his cannibalistic partner? By conducting follow-up experiments onNephilengys malabarensis, we reveal that it is sperm volume detection, rather than left-right palp dominance, that plays prominently in male palp choice.
Resource allocation for IRS‐assisted MC MISO‐NOMA system
Authors: Javadi Sepideh , Shafiei Hossein , Forouzanmehr Malihe , Khalili Ata , Nguyen Ha H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a downlink multi‐user communication of an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)‐assisted multiple‐input single‐output (MISO) power‐domain non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system is investigated. Considering multi‐carrier (MC) transmission and to enhance user fairness, two users are assigned to the same subcarrier. For such a system, the authors optimize active beamforming at the base station (BS), subcarrier allocation policy, and phase shifts at the IRS to maximize the system throughput. A semi‐definite relaxation (SDR) is applied to tackle the non‐convex optimization problem, and an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is proposed to obtain a suboptimal solution. Numerical results illustrate the higher throughput of the proposed MC multi‐user IRS‐aided MISO‐NOMA system as compared to the conventional IRS‐assisted orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system.
A time latch for high speed time‐based ADCs
Authors: Abdelaziz Ahmed , Musah Tawfiq 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis letter presents a novel time latch for high speed time domain analogue to digital converters. The time latches reported in literature suffer from a limited maximum operating frequency, which makes them unsuitable for high frequency applications. Analysis of the proposed time latch shows it can operate at 10 GHz, 2.5x higher than the best reported time latch. Furthermore, simulations in 28 nm CMOS technology confirm that the enhancement in the speed of the proposed time latch comes with low overhead in area and power. Potential design issues with the proposed time latch are also discussed.
Photonic‐assisted one‐third microwave frequency divider
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zheng Ruiqi , Chan Erwin Hoi Wing , Wang Xudong , Feng Xinhuan , Guan Bai‐Ou , Yao Jianping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA microwave photonic frequency divider to produce a frequency‐divided microwave signal with its frequency that is one‐third the frequency of the input microwave signal is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The key novelty of the approach is that the phase control, a condition to realise the frequency division operation, is implemented through controlling the modulator bias voltage, enabling a wideband, high resolution and fast response phase control. One‐third frequency division with an ultra‐high harmonic suppression of over 71.5 dB is demonstrated for the first time.
Fairness concern‐based coordinated vehicle route guidance using an asymmetrical congestion game
Authors: Zhang Le , Khalgui Mohamed , Li Zhiwu , Zhang Yongsheng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an asymmetrical congestion game is used to build a fairness concern‐based coordinated route guidance model for alleviating traffic congestion. Coordinated vehicle route guidance is commonly recognized as an effective way to alleviate the “route flapping” phenomenon, where a new congestion appears since numerous vehicles obey the same guidance in selfish route diversion. The existing studies mainly use the classic (symmetrical) congestion games, whose payoff depends only on the number of chosen players, to calculate the flow proportion for the alternative roads. This mechanism may make some front vehicles receive the worse payoffs than the rear ones, which further results in the front vehicles being unwilling to execute the recommended paths due to their unfair psychology. Players' fairness concern in game theory has been noted in some fields (such as supply chain) but not traffic route guidance. In this work, to fill the above gap, the concept of vehicular fairness concern is introduced and the corresponding mathematical expression is formulated. An asymmetrical congestion game‐based coordination route model is built, which can improve the fairness coefficient of vehicles. Moreover, a reinforcement learning‐based approximated solving algorithm is designed since the existing solving theorems are not necessarily valid for the asymmetrical congestion game. An experimental study shows that (1) the Nash equilibrium coefficients generated by the approximated solving algorithm all converge to 1.00, and (2) the averaged fairness coefficient is increased from 0.92 to 0.96 on the basis of equal travel time due to the improved payoff functions.
Visible-Light-Mediated Direct Amidation of Arenes and Hetero­arenes with N-Aminopyridinium Salts
Authors: Li Yaming , Xia Cencen , Hao Xinyu , Jin Kun , Zhang Rong , Duan Chunying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA novel photoinduced strategy has been developed for the C–H amidation of aromatics and heteroaromatics by using benzamide radicals with free NH groups generated from N-amidopyridinium salts under visible-light irradiation. The new mode of activation of N-amidopyridinium salts proceeds efficiently under mild conditions to give various benzamide derivatives with free NH groups. In addition, oxazoline analogues, synthesized by the reaction with styrene, demonstrate a substantial range of prospective applications for this versatile protocol.
Use of Vinyl Sulfides in Fischer Indole Reactions
Authors: Pal Parul , Fragis Meghan , Magolan Jakob , Dharavath Srinivas , Johnson Jarrod W. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVinyl sulfides accessed via Wittig olefination with thioalkylphosphonium salts are used as aldehyde- or ketone surrogates in Fischer indole reactions. These vinyl sulfides react with arylhydrazines in the presence of TsOH·H2O in refluxing ethanol or dichloroethane to yield diverse 3-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted indoles or azaindoles. The utility of this chemistry is highlighted with the efficient preparation of three biomedically relevant compounds: 4-aza-melatonin, a furoindoline, and an indomethacin-like CRTh2 antagonist.
Postoperative Musculoskeletal Imaging and Interventions Following Hip Preservation Surgery, Deformity Correction, and Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Samim Mohammad , Khodarahmi Iman , Burke Christopher , Fritz Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTotal hip arthroplasty and hip preservation surgeries have substantially increased over the past few decades. Musculoskeletal imaging and interventions are cornerstones of comprehensive postoperative care and surveillance in patients undergoing established and more recently introduced hip surgeries. Hence the radiologist's role continues to evolve and expand. A strong understanding of hip joint anatomy and biomechanics, surgical procedures, expected normal postoperative imaging appearances, and postoperative complications ensures accurate imaging interpretation, intervention, and optimal patient care. This article presents surgical principles and procedural details pertinent to postoperative imaging evaluation strategies after common hip surgeries, such as radiography, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. We review and illustrate the expected postoperative imaging appearances and complications following chondrolabral repair, acetabuloplasty, osteochondroplasty, periacetabular osteotomy, realigning and derotational femoral osteotomies, and hip arthroplasty.
Towards Equitable and Resilient Digital Primary Care Systems: An International Comparison and Insight for Moving Forward
Authors: Kuziemsky Craig , Liaw Siaw-Teng , Leston Meredith , Pearce Christopher , Jonnagaddala Jitendra , de Lusignan Simon 
Published: June 2022

Objective: While the COVID-19 pandemic provided a global stimulus for digital health capacity, its development has often been inequitable, short-term in planning, and lacking in health system coherence. Inclusive digital health and the development of resilient health systems are broad outcomes that require a systematic approach to achieving them. This paper from the IMIA Primary Care Informatics Working Group (WG) provides necessary first steps for the design of a digital primary care system that can support system equity and resilience.
Methods: We report on digital capability and growth in maturity in four key areas: (1) Vaccination/Prevention, (2) Disease management, (3) Surveillance, and (4) Pandemic preparedness for Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom (data from England). Our comparison looks at seasonal influenza management prior to COVID-19 (2019-20) compared to COVID-19 (winter 2020 onwards).
Results: All three countries showed growth in digital maturity from the 2019-20 management of influenza to the 2020-21 year and the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the degree of progress was sporadic and uneven and has led to issues of system inequity across populations.
Conclusion: The opportunity to use the lessons learned from COVID-19 should not be wasted. A digital health infrastructure is not enough on its own to drive health system transformation and to achieve desired outcomes such as system equity and resilience. We must define specific measures to track the growth of digital maturity, including standardized and fit-for-context data that is shared accurately across the health and socioeconomic sectors.
Evaluation of Stress Distribution in Implant Body and Surrounding Bone with and without Splinting—A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Wahengbam Prashanti , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction This study was undertaken to evaluate the pattern of stress distribution in implant body and surrounding bone with and without splinting of implant prostheses when subjected to occlusal loading, using the finite element analysis.
Methods The geometric models of implant and mandibular bone were generated. Two models were created in accordance with the need of the study. The first model was given a two implant in the first mandibular molar and second premolar with splinted prosthesis. Then, second model was given two such implants in the same region but without splinting the prosthesis. Forces of 100 N and 50 N were applied axially and buccolingually, respectively.
Results The maximum von Mises stress values with axial force of the implant splinted prosthesis were observed to be 4.21 MPa for cortical bone, 0.88 MPa for cancellous bone, and 10.592 MPa for implant body. The maximum von Mises stress values with buccolingual force of the implant splinted prosthesis were observed to be 9.08 MPa for cortical bone, 1.33 MPa for cancellous bone, and 30.08 MPa for implant body. The maximum von Mises stress values with axial force of the implant nonsplinted prosthesis were observed to be 4.51 MPa for cortical bone, 0.91 MPa for cancellous bone, 13.18 MPa for implant body. The maximum von Mises stress values with buccolingual force of the implant nonsplinted prosthesis were observed to be 9.52 MPa for cortical bone, 1.91 MPa for cancellous bone, 35.04 MPa for implant body.
Conclusion The maximum stresses were transferred more to the implant body than to the bone in both the splinted and nonsplinted implant prostheses. The maximum von Mises stresses were observed on nonsplinted implant prostheses, so splinting implant prostheses led to lower stress in the implant body and surrounding bone.
Postoperative Ankle Imaging, 2022
Authors: Shrestha Roman , Sill Andrew P. , Haug Logan P. , Patel Karan A. , Kile Todd A. , Fox Michael G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPostoperative ankle imaging requires knowledge of the underlying surgical techniques, the usefulness of various imaging modalities, as well as an appreciation for the desired clinical outcomes. Surgical procedures discussed in this article are tibiotalar fracture fixation, tibiotalar, subtalar, and tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis, total ankle arthroplasty, talar osteochondral lesion repair and grafting, lateral ligamentous repair and reconstruction, and peroneal and Achilles tendon repair and reconstruction. Imaging can play a vital role in determining if the expected outcome has been achieved and identifying complications, with particular emphasis placed on the use of radiographs, computed tomography (including weight-bearing), magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography.
A diagnostic tool for family and marriage counseling with Muslim couples
Authors: Soliman Abdrabo , Abdel-Salam Abdel-Salam G. , Ahmed Mervat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the development and psychometric properties of a questionnaire for Muslim couples and families based on how couples view and experience marital and family issues. A questionnaire was developed based on relevant literature and fine-tuned by a panel of experts. The questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1212 heterosexual Muslim individuals of 389 married couples aged 22–55 years old (overall mean age = 38.15 years, SD = 9.47; husbands’ mean age = 38.25 years, SD = 9.23; wives’ mean age = 38.06, SD = 9.70). The participants were divided into two subsamples for exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and to draw Pearson correlations with the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) for validation procedures. The results indicate the strong statistical significance of a 22-item five-factor structure: structural attribute satisfaction, marital harmony, emotional and sexual harmony, spouse’s family communication, and religious matters. The factors were interpreted theoretically and indicate a superior level of internal consistency. The validation process indicates that the questionnaire was appropriate for the targeted population. The validated tool is useful for the assessment of marital and family therapy with Muslim couples and families. The WIFAQ Questionnaire for Muslim Couples and Families (WQMCF) fills a critical gap in the market for a family health indicator that can be used in both local and national populations. In health care settings and organizations that provide services to families, the WQMCF may be an important screener of family and marriage counseling in Muslim couples. Individuals, communities, and nations can all benefit from a stronger understanding of the antecedents and outcomes of family health.