bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 ORF45 stimulates B2 retrotransposon and pre-tRNA activation in a manner dependent on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling
Authors: Lari Azra , Glaunsinger Britt A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRNA polymerase III (RNAPIII) transcribes a variety of noncoding RNAs, including transfer RNA (tRNA) and the B2 family of short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). B2 SINEs are noncoding retrotransposons that possess tRNA-like promoters and are normally silenced in healthy somatic tissue. Infection with the murine gammaherpesvirus MHV68 induces transcription of both SINEs and tRNAs, in part through the activity of the viral protein kinase encoded by ORF36. Here, we identify the conserved MHV68 tegument protein ORF45 as an additional activator of these RNAPIII loci. MHV68 ORF45 and ORF36 form a complex, resulting in an additive induction RNAPIII and increased ORF45 expression. ORF45-induced RNAPIII transcription is dependent on its activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, which in turn increases the abundance of the RNAPIII transcription factor Brf1. Other viral and non-viral activators of MAPK/ERK signaling also increase the levels of Brf1 protein, B2 SINE RNA and tRNA, suggesting that this is a common strategy to increase RNAPIII activity.ImportanceGammaherpesviral infection alters the gene expression landscape of a host cell, including through induction of non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III (RNAPIII). Among these are a class of repetitive genes known as retrotransposons, which are normally silenced elements that can copy and spread throughout the genome, and transfer RNAs (tRNAs), which are fundamental components of protein translation machinery. How these loci are activated during infection is not well understood. Here, we identify ORF45 from the model murine gammaherpesvirus MHV68 as a novel activator of RNAPIII transcription. To do so, it engages the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, which is a central regulator of cellular response to environmental stimuli. Activation of this pathway leads to upregulation of a key factor required for RNAPIII activity, Brf1. These findings expand our understanding of the regulation and dysregulation of RNAPIII transcription and highlight how viral co-option of key signaling pathways can impact host gene expression.
Characterizing Variability of EHR-Driven Phenotype Definitions
Authors: Brandt Pascal S. , Kho Abel , Luo Yuan , Pacheco Jennifer A. , Walunas Theresa L. , Hakonarson Hakon , Hripcsak George , Liu Cong , Shang Ning , Weng Chunhua , Walton Nephi , Carrell David S. , Crane Paul K. , Larson Eric , Chute Christopher G. , Kullo Iftikhar , Carroll Robert , Denny Josh , Ramirez Andrea , Wei Wei-Qi , Pathak Jyoti , Wiley Laura K. , Richesson Rachel , Starren Justin B. , Rasmussen Luke V. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveAnalyze a publicly available sample of rule-based phenotype definitions to characterize and evaluate the types of logical constructs used.Materials & MethodsA sample of 33 phenotype definitions used in research and published to the Phenotype KnowledgeBase (PheKB), that are represented using Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) and Clinical Quality Language (CQL) was analyzed using automated analysis of the computable representation of the CQL libraries.ResultsMost of the phenotype definitions include narrative descriptions and flowcharts, while few provide pseudocode or executable artifacts. Most use 4 or fewer medical terminologies. The number of codes used ranges from 5 to 6865, and value sets from 1 to 19. We found the most common expressions used were literal, data, and logical expressions. Aggregate and arithmetic expressions are the least common. Expression depth ranges from 4 to 27.DiscussionDespite the range of conditions, we found that all of the phenotype definitions consisted of logical criteria, representing both clinical and operational logic, and tabular data, consisting of codes from standard terminologies and keywords for natural language processing. The total number and variety of expressions is low, which may be to simplify implementation, or authors may limit complexity due to data availability constraints.ConclusionThe phenotypes analyzed show significant variation in specific logical, arithmetic and other operators, but are all composed of the same high-level components, namely tabular data and logical expressions. A standard representation for phenotype definitions should support these formats and be modular to support localization and shared logic.
The phase angle is associated with upper arm muscle circumference but not with sarcopenia in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients
Authors: Chen Ye , Wu Jinlan , Ran Lei , Yu Dan , Chen Xi , Liu Maodong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsLimited studies on phase angle (PhA) and sarcopenia in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. We want to explore the association between PhA and sarcopenia and clarify its significance and value in diagnosing sarcopenia.MethodsWe included 87 CAPD patients. We measured the PhA and body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis. All patients had their handgrip strength(HGS) measured. Then, we divided patients into the sarcopenia (n=25) group and non-sarcopenia(n=62) group according to the sarcopenia diagnostic strategy formulated by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.ResultsUnivariate analysis shows PhA is positively associated with HGS, skeletal muscle mass (SMM), and Upper arm muscle circumference (AMC). After adjustments for sex, age, diabetes, BMI, extracellular water ratio(E/T), extra water (OH), serum creatinine, total kt/v, and residual kt/v, PhA remains correlated to HGS and AMC, but not to SMM. In the multivariate logistic model, PhA is not correlated to sarcopenia. The AUROC of PhA for sarcopenia is 0.76(95% CI, 0.65-0.86, P <0.01, fig 3). The optimal cut-off value is identified as ≤5.25(sensitivity 74%, specificity 76%).ConclusionThis study illustrates that older age and higher total kt/v are risk factors for sarcopenia. PhA is positively associated with HGS and AMC but not with sarcopenia in CAPD patients. These results suggest that PhA can predict muscle mass and strength in CAPD patients, but its diagnosis value for sarcopenia needs more studies.
Differentiated neuroblastoma cells remain epigenetically poised for de-differentiation to an immature state
Authors: Guyer Richard A. , Picard Nicole , Mueller Jessica L. , Murphy Andrew J. , Cornejo Kristine M. , Hotta Ryo , Goldstein Allan M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and accounts for a significant share of childhood cancer deaths. Prior studies utilizing RNA sequencing of bulk tumor populations showed two predominant cell states characterized by high and low expression of neuronal genes. Although cells respond to treatment by altering their gene expression, it is unclear whether this reflects shifting balances of distinct subpopulations or plasticity of individual cells. Using neuroblastoma cell lines lacking MYCN amplification, we show that the antigen CD49b distinguishes these subpopulations. CD49b expression marks proliferative cells with an immature gene expression program, while CD49b-negative cells express differentiated neuronal marker genes and are quiescent. Sorted populations spontaneously switch between CD49b expression states in culture, and CD49b-negative cells can generate rapidly growing, CD49b-positive tumors in mice. We profiled H3K27ac to identify enhancers and super enhancers that are specifically active in each population and find that CD49b-negative cells maintain the priming H3K4me1 mark at elements that are active in CD49b-high cells. Improper maintenance of primed enhancer elements thus may underlie cellular plasticity in neuroblastoma, representing potential therapeutic targets for this lethal tumor.Summary StatementThis study demonstrates that neuroblastoma cells can interconvert between a state characterized by expression of neuronal genes and a de-differentiated state.
Taxane chemotherapy leads to breast cancer dormancy escape by stromal injury mediated IL-6/MAP2K signaling
Authors: Ganesan Ramya , Bhasin Swati S. , Krishnan Upaasana , Cheemarla Nagarjuna R. , Thomas Beena E. , Bhasin Manoj K. , Sukhatme Vikas P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA major cause of cancer recurrence following chemotherapy is cancer dormancy escape. Taxane-based chemotherapy is standard of care in breast cancer treatment aimed at killing proliferating cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that docetaxel injures stromal cells, which release protumor cytokines, IL-6 and G-CSF, that in turn invoke dormant cancer outgrowth both in vitro and in vivo. Single-cell transcriptomics shows a reprogramming of awakened cancer cells including several survival cues such as stemness, chemoresistance, as well as an altered tumor microenvironment with augmented pro-tumor immune signaling. IL-6 plays a role in cancer cell proliferation, whereas G-CSF mediates tumor immunosuppression. Pathways and differential expression analyses confirmed MEK as the key regulatory molecule in cancer cell outgrowth and survival. Antibody targeting of protumor cytokines (IL-6, G-CSF) or inhibition of cytokine signaling via MEK/ERK pathway using selumetinib prior to docetaxel treatment prevented cancer dormancy outgrowth suggesting a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent cancer recurrence.
Study of citrate gold plating by different pulse modes with and without vibration
Authors: Dai Yue , Wang Qing , Zhang Yongbin , Liu Guangmin , Zhang Lin , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the optimum average current density and pulse width for electrodeposition of gold in citrate electrolyte, and it is verified that the uniformity of film thickness can be effectively improved by periodic pulse reverse electroplating.

Design/methodology/approach
Apply forward pulse current, forward group pulse current and periodic pulse reverse current to the electrolyte and compare the film quality. High-frequency group pulses are used in both forward and reverse directions of the periodic pulse reverse current.

Findings
It is verified by experiments that periodic pulse reverse plating is superior to forward pulse plating and forward group pulse plating in terms of particle size, compactness, impurity content and thickness uniformity of the film. Add low-frequency vibration to the cathode under the same pulse electrical parameters as a comparative experiment to prove the beneficial effect of vibration on the allowable limiting current density and plating rate.

Originality/value
Gold film is often used as the sealing layer of precision parts. Increasing the thickness uniformity and improving the compactness of gold film will help to reduce the size error, improve the subsequent assembly accuracy and increase the service life of wear-resistant layer. Citrate gold plating electrolyte combines the advantages of cyanide electrolyte and cyanide-free electrolyte. Hence, this research focuses on the characteristics of periodic pulse reverse plating in terms of particle size, compactness, impurity content and thickness uniformity of the film and compare it with forward pulse plating and forward group pulse plating.
Industry 4.0 in food processing: drivers, challenges and outcomes
Authors: Romanello Rubina , Veglio Valerio 
Published: July 2022

PurposeIn the age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Industry 4.0 can increase the productivity and competitiveness of companies in the international marketplace. The purpose of this article is to investigate the drivers for and outcomes of the adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in the case of a food processing company located in Italy.Design/methodology/approachThe present work adopted a case study approach by investigating an Italian food processing company to investigate the drivers, challenges and outcomes of Industry 4.0 adoption in the agri-food sector.FindingsThis research highlighted drivers and challenges related to the adoption of different Industry 4.0 technologies. Secondly, it underlined the impacts of Industry 4.0 in terms of firm performance, operations management, human resource management and strategy.Originality/valueIndustry 4.0 technologies remain underexplored from the strategic perspective in the agri-food sector. This article provides preliminary evidence on the digital transformation of food processing companies, with a focus on Industry 4.0. Practical implications for managers, CEOs and entrepreneurs are discussed.
Modeling brand color emotions, perceived brand creativity, perceived value, and brand loyalty in the context of theme parks
Authors: Milman Ady , Tasci Asli D.A. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of perceived brand color emotions on perceived brand creativity, assess the influence of perceived brand creativity on utilitarian and hedonic values, measure the impact of hedonic and utilitarian values on brand loyalty and evaluate the role of different theme park color schemes in influencing these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
The study modeled the proposed relationships by analyzing data from an online survey using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Respondents were presented with different color schemes to induce certain emotions before answering questions.

Findings
The results showed that the valence and arousal of emotions incited by various colors lead to a perception of creativity for theme park products, which then influence both utilitarian and hedonic values and thus brand loyalty. When the model was compared for seven different color schemes for a theme park brand, differences seem sporadic rather than systematic.

Research limitations/implications
The online nature and timing of the study may have prohibited authentic reactions from consumers as the US theme park industry is currently in its recovery mode.

Practical implications
While the results did not identify a specific preferred color scheme, theme park executives should continue using a variety of color combinations to generate visitor perceptions of novelty and creativity that would impact their perceived hedonistic and utilitarian values.

Originality/value
The study empirically tests color influences on a brand’s perceived creativity and its consequences on a brand’s utilitarian and hedonic values and brand loyalty.
Social interactions at work: why interactive work should be an analytical category in its own right
Authors: Doerflinger Nadja 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to make a conceptual argument for considering interactive work – i.e. work made up of micro-level exchanges or social interactions with third parties such as customers, patients or citizens – as a distinct analytical category in employment-related research. The argument is underpinned by the core role played by interactive work in valorisation.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper, with its argument based on key findings from the debates on symbolic interactionism, service work and interaction work. These are merged and combined with a valorisation perspective.Findings“Social interactions” and “work” have mostly been considered separately by theoretical sociology and the sociology of work. The author contends however that the two concepts should be viewed together, as social interactions at work are a constitutive feature of many occupations, jobs and tasks. This implies studying both exchange and social relationships between the different parties and their embeddedness in specific (multi-level) contexts. Moreover, there are two reasons why interactive work relates to specific working conditions: first, it involves customers or similar groups as third parties; second, it is key to valorisation. To systematically study interactive work, context-sensitive approaches spanning multiple (analytical) levels are recommended.Originality/valueThe article contributes to advancing the understanding of interactive work as a distinct form of work as yet under-theorised but deserving to be considered as a separate analytical category.
Impact of COVID-19 on corporate social responsibility in India – a mixed methods approach
Authors: Vinod M.S. Sai , Umesh Pranav , Sivakumar N. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Prior research studies have discussed the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) during crisis situations in increasing the resilience and sustainability of the companies. There are two basic models of crisis management – reactive and proactive. When a crisis occurs, suddenly firms tend to act reactively and progressively take proactive steps to manage the crisis. CSR can also be reactive and proactive during crisis situations. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to explore whether CSR during the COVID-19 pandemic moved from a reactive to a proactive stance, with specific focus on CSR legislation, corporate CSR response and corporate thinking about CSR.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts a mixed methods approach, using both qualitative and quantitative research designs. This study draws upon both primary and secondary data.

Findings
The results highlighted the change in the CSR approach from being reactive to being proactive as the pandemic progressed. This was observed through the increase in frequency of CSR legislation, and the shift in the intent of CSR legislation from “prompting to donate” to “prompting to volunteer.” Similarly, the shift in reactive to proactive CSR corporate response was observed through the increased spending on CSR and improved COVID-related CSR reporting.

Practical implications
This study recommends companies to manage crises by becoming more proactive. CSR activities need to be closely aligned with national developmental objectives, and collaborate with various stakeholders to achieve the intended outcomes of the activities.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research paper is one of the few to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on CSR in India at a time when India went through three waves of the pandemic. This study corroborates with other studies in terms of managing crisis.
Critical realist multilevel research in business marketing: a laminated conceptualization of resilience
Authors: Vanharanta Markus , Wong Phoebe 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to ease the methodological application of critical realist multilevel research in business marketing. Although there has been plenty of theoretical contributions in this field, it is not always clear how critical realism can be best applied in business marketing settings. Accordingly, this paper addresses this gap in literature. Also, this paper addresses the calls for a multilevel conceptualization for resilience, based on the critical realist laminated systems.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper, which uses pre-existing literature to develop a critical realist methodological approach for the purposes of multilevel business marketing research. The contribution is based on literature by combining pre-existing ideas in a new way in the context of business marketing.FindingsThis paper makes a methodological contribution by introducing the critical realist “laminated systems” to business marketing as a multilevel research approach. Furthermore, the authors conceptualize a specific laminated model, the Laminated Interactional Model (LIM), that is designed for the purpose of business marketing research. The LIM is a methodological tool that conceptualizes business marketing based on six levels of analysis, easing the methodological application of critical realism in business marketing settings. In addition, to provide an example, the authors apply the LIM to the literature on resilience, providing a multilevel conceptualization. This is a timely contribution, as resilience has emerged as a central concept addressing interorganizational survival during the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThis paper makes three main contributions to business marketing. First, this paper provides a methodological contribution by introducing the critical realist notion of “laminated systems” to business marketing. Second, this paper conceptualizes a specific laminated model for business marketing, namely, the LIM. Third, as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper will apply critical realism and the LIM to the notion of resilience, addressing the calls for multilevel conceptualizations.
Integrated thinking on integrated reporting practice: evidence from public listed companies in Sri Lanka
Authors: Abeywardana N.L.E. , Azam S. M. Ferdous , Kevin Low L.T. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to offer empirical evidence on how integrated thinking affects the integrated reporting (IR) practice and how integrated thinking originates from board and management involvement, cross-functional integration and integral link between capitals and strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is cross-sectional and uses a mixed-method approach. The empirical data for the quantitative approach were collected from the 129 public companies listed on Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka. The personale responsible for preparing the annual report are selected as the respondents of this study. This study used partial least square modelling to test the hypotheses. The quantitative approach results are triangulated across a qualitative research approach in semi-structural interviews with ten responsible officers of integrated reporting practices.

Findings
The central finding of this study is the significant positive relationship between integrated thinking and integrated reporting practice. The qualitative results supported the quantitative findings and show that board and management involvement, cross-functional integration and integral link between capital and strategy enhance the integrated reporting practice. Top management and board management have positive beliefs about the integrated reporting practice; they initiate, encourage, influence, involve and support it. Furthermore, all company departments are involved with the integrated reporting led by the finance department and practice good coordination, communication and collaboration between departments. Moreover, it also evidenced their concern about the linkage between capital and strategy and how they do it in their organisation when practising integrated reporting.

Research limitations/implications
The firms which intend to practice or enhance integrated reporting will be benefited from this study. Hence, this research assists in constructing IT through the direct role of the board and senior leadership, breaking down silos to diffuse IR throughout structures and processes, and concentrating on strategies while managing their capitals and relationships over the long term.

Originality/value
This study provides the initial quantitative empirical evidence on the impact of integrated thinking on integrated reporting practice. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to operationalise both integrated thinking and integrated reporting based on a questionnaire that developed and tested both constructs as higher-order reflective formative and on the relationship between integrated thinking and integrated reporting. The mixed-method approach to examine the relationship between integrated thinking and integrated reporting provides additional insights into the existing literature.