bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the impact of severe sepsis 3‐hour bundle compliance on 28‐day in‐hospital mortality: A propensity adjusted, nested case–control study
Authors: August Benjamin A. , Griebe Kristin M. , Stine John J. , Hauser Christian D. , Hunsaker Todd , Jones Mathew C. , Martz Carolyn , Peters Michael A. , To Long , Belanger Richard , Schlacht Suzanne , Swiderek Jennifer , Davis Susan L. , Mlynarek Mark E. , Smith Zachary R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP‐1) assesses antibiotic administration, lactate measurement, and blood culture collection within 3 h of severe sepsis onset. The impact of the SEP‐1 3‐hour bundle among patients with severe sepsis is not extensively described. This investigation aimed to describe the impact of 3‐hour bundle compliance on 28‐day in‐hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis.Study DesignThis was a retrospective, propensity adjusted, nested case‐control study assessing the impact of compliance with a 3‐hour sepsis bundle among patients with severe sepsis.SettingThis study was conducted at a large, academic, tertiary care medical center in Detroit, Michigan from July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019.PatientsCases were defined as those suffering 28‐day in‐hospital mortality. Controls were defined as those surviving at or discharged by 28 days. Patients were separated based on 3‐hour bundle compliance or noncompliance. Nested and overall cohorts were assessed. Severe sepsis time zero was manually validated. Patients with shock, requiring vasopressors within 8 h of time zero, or those not meeting SEP‐1 inclusion criteria were excluded.InterventionThe primary outcome was the propensity adjusted odds of 28‐day in‐hospital mortality among 3‐hour bundle compliant versus noncompliant patients. Secondary outcomes included mortality for individual bundle element compliance, progression to septic shock, and predictors of mortality according to logistic regression.ResultsA total of 325 compliant and 325 noncompliant patients were included. The median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was three in each group. There was no difference in propensity adjusted odds of mortality among those compliant versus noncompliant with the 3‐hour bundle (odds‐ratio [OR] 1.039; 95% CI: 0.721–1.497; p = 0.838) or with individual bundle elements. SOFA score and female sex were predictors of mortality.ConclusionsThree‐hour bundle compliance did not impact 28‐day in‐hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis. Further research is needed to understand the impact of 3‐hour bundle compliance on mortality in severe sepsis.
Ultra‐stretchable, self‐healable, and reprocessable ionic conductive hydrogels enabled by dual dynamic networks
Authors: Song Hui , Zhang Bing , Feng Qichun , Nguyen Dai Hai , Zhang Chao , Liu Tianxi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe pursuit of stretchable ionic conductive hydrogels for skin‐inspired sensors is highly attractive but challenging due to the difficulty in fabricating an ionic conductive hydrogel with combined characteristics of high stretchability, notch insensitivity, self‐healability, and unique reprocessability. Herein, a dual‐dynamic‐network ionic conductive hydrogel (DICH) with both hydrophobic association network and metal coordination network is one‐pot synthesized. Benefiting from the formation of the highly dynamic double networks, the resultant DICH exhibited large stretchability (>2800%) and excellent fracture toughness (4820 kJ m−3). The DICH also demonstrated autonomous healability, notch insensitivity, and unique remoldability because of the formation of the active reversible interactions including hydrophobic association and metal coordination. Due to the integration of high stretchability and favorable ionic conductivity of the DICH containing substantial amounts of electrolytic ions, stretchable ionic strain sensors could be assembled, displaying high sensitivity (gauge factor of 2.6), fast response time (180 ms), and wide response range (0.5%–600% strain). The ionic sensors could also maintain excellent strain‐sensing abilities even after being cut/self‐healed or reprocessed. Wearable DICH resistive‐type strain sensors could be assembled, demonstrating high performance in detecting and distinguishing both large and subtle motions of a human body.
Detonation Reaction Zone and Acceleration Ability of a TKX‐50 Based Polymer Bonded Explosive
Authors: Tan Kaiyuan , Han Yong , Liu Jiahui , Lu Xiaojun , Fan Guijuan , Yang Zhijian , Huang Fenglei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrevious studies on detonation of the Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bistetrazole‐1,1′‐diolate (TKX‐50), an attractive energetic ionic salt (EIS), were mainly based on thermodynamic codes or small‐scale tests, the available experimental data are not adequate to fully understand detonation characteristics of this new kind of energetic material. This article gives an experimental investigation on detonation reaction zone (DRZ) and acceleration ability of a TKX‐50 based Polymer Bonded eXplosive (PBX), PBX‐TKX‐50. The detonation properties of two traditional explosives: (i)PBX‐HMX, an HMX‐based PBX, (ii) PBX‐RDX, an RDX‐based PBX, both of which contain the energetic compounds and binder in the same mass ratio as PBX‐TKX‐50, are also measured for a comparative analysis. The results show that PBX‐TKX‐50 has the highest detonation velocity and detonation pressure, nevertheless the slowest reaction rate within detonation reaction zone, the longest reaction time and DRZ length among the three PBX samples. Despite its prominent detonation velocity and detonation pressure, the acceleration ability of PBX‐TKX‐50 is lower than PBX‐RDX. The Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee (JWL) equation of state for detonation products calibrated by the cylinder expansion test has severely overestimated the axial acceleration ability of PBX‐TKX‐50 in the numerical simulation of Disc Acceleration eXperiment (DAX), which may due to the fact that remarkable confinement effect and/or geometry effect exist in detonation of the EIS based sample. The mechanisms behind these detonation behaviors are still under investigation in our ongoing studies.
Impact and Friction Sensitivities of PETN: I. Sensitivities of the Pure and Wetted Material
Authors: Klapötke Thomas M. , Lemarchand Guillaume , Lenz Tobias , Mühlemann Moritz , Stierstorfer Jörg , Weber Ralf 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a sensitive and brisant explosive. PETN is transported wetted (25 %) with water to limit its impact and friction sensitivities. Literature on its sensitivities in function of its water content is controversial as the measurements were performed by several operators and laboratories rendering difficult to compare the values. Literature studies of mechanical sensitivity methods show the weaknesses and problems of mechanical measurements. Indeed, it is important to analyze a sample with standardized machines and by a single operator. During this work, pure PETN samples with water contents of 0 to 35 % were prepared and the water content was measured by Karl‐Fischer titration. The sensitivities were analyzed by the “BAM Fallhammer” and the “BAM Friction Apparatus”. The resulting trends were analyzed and discussed with regard to their meaning for handling safety. The study should help to better assess dangers when working with wet PETN (10–25 %) in order to avoid accidents.
Bottom‐up effects of drought on the growth and development of potato, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say and Arma chinensis Fallou
Authors: Liu Juan , Liao Jianghua , Li Chao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlobal climate change will result in increasingly arid weather that will have a significant impact on agriculture. The occurrence dynamics of plants, phytophagous insects and their natural enemies under drought conditions have attracted much attention. The consequences could be useful for controlling insect herbivores. Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) is one of the most important pests of potato, and causes serious damage to potato production. Arma chinensis (Fallou) is a parasitoid of L. decemlineata. However, how drought will affect tritrophic interactions between potato and these insects remains unknown.RESULTSIn this experiment, L. decemlineata and A. chinensis were released onto potato plants under water stress. Thereafter, plant height, stem diameter and yield of potato, growth and reproduction of L. decemlineata, and the longevity of A. chinensis adults were periodically recorded. The results showed that drought had crucial effects on height, stem diameter and yield of potato (p < 0.05); it also had a significant impact on pre‐oviposition period, oviposition days, fecundity and life table parameters in L. decemlineata (p < 0.05). Moreover, drought significantly reduced the longevity (p < 0.05) and survival rate of A. chinensis adults. The longevity of adult A. chinensis was only 29.00 ± 3.00 days and the harvest rate of L. decemlineata adults was only 1.42% ± 0.07% under drought treatment.CONCLUSIONIn this experiment, we evaluate the bottom‐up effects of drought on tritrophic interactions involving potato, L. decemlineata and A. chinensis, and discuss the implications of the findings for integrated pest management programs involving the pest. Promising future research directions are proposed. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Biogeography of cereal stemborers and their natural enemies: forecasting pest management efficacy under changing climate
Authors: Mutamiswa Reyard , Chikowore Gerald , Nyamukondiwa Casper , Mudereri Bester Tawona , Khan Zeyaur Rahman , Chidawanyika Frank 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundClimate warming presents physiological challenges to insects, manifesting as loss of key life‐history fitness traits and survival. For interacting host–parasitoid species, physiological responses to heat stress may vary, thereby potentially uncoupling trophic ecological relationships. Here, we assessed heat tolerance traits and sensitivity to prevailing and future maximum temperatures for the cereal stemborer pests, Chilo partellus, Busseola fusca and Sesamia calamistis and their endo‐parasitoids, Cotesia sesamiae and Cotesia flavipes. We further used the machine learning algorithm, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), to model current and potential distribution of these species.ResultsThe mean critical thermal maxima (CTmax) ranged from 39.5 ± 0.9°C to 44.6 ± 0.6°C and from 46.8 ± 0.7°C to 48.5 ± 0.9°C for parasitoids and stemborers, with C. sesamiae and Ch. partellus exhibiting the lowest and highest CTmax respectively. From the current climate to the 2050s scenario, parasitoids recorded a significant reduction in warming tolerance compared with their hosts. Habitat suitability for all stemborer–parasitoid species was spatially heterogeneous under current and future climatic scenarios. Cotesia sesamiae C. flavipes and B. fusca exhibited significant habitat loss, whereas Ch. partellus and S. calamistis showed a significant habitat gain under future 2050s predictions. Model metrics based on mean area under the curve ranged from 0.72 to 0.84 for all species, indicating a good predictive performance of the models.ConclusionThese results suggest C. sesamiae and C. flavipes may face survival constraints or extirpation compared with their pest hosts when environmental temperature reaches their upper thermal limits earlier, likely reducing pest regulation through density‐mediated effects. The results demonstrate potential destabilization of stemborer–parasitoid trophic systems potentially compromising biocontrol efficacy under climate warming. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Barriers to sustainable development: Critical social factors influencing the sustainable building development based on Swedish experts' perspectives
Authors: Dalirazar Sadaf , Sabzi Zahra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSustainable construction plays a major role in sustainable development. However, the investment rate in sustainable buildings has decreased in recent years. Considering that social factors are one of the important factors influencing the sustainable building development, this paper highlighted the most impactful social factors affecting the sustainable building development based on the opinions of the industry experts from Sweden. Therefore, social challenges and barriers to sustainable building development were investigated using research methods of literature review, questionnaire survey, and statistical analysis using SPSS software. Eventually, after ranking and analyzing the social barriers from the perspectives of the construction industry practitioners from Sweden, possible measures were suggested accordingly. Findings showed that the most important social factors affecting the sustainable building development in Sweden were, “poor communication and lack of common understanding and interests among designers, contractors and project stakeholders,” “resistance to change from conventional to sustainable buildings’ and “lack of demand for sustainable buildings,” respectively. As a result, effective communication management and information sharing and use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for enhancing communication and collaboration between stakeholders; government support; more incentives and environmental policy; in addition to more education and awareness regarding the benefits of sustainable buildings and stakeholder engagement at early stages of the project for alignment of goals and creating common understanding and interests were suggested as effective measures in reducing these barriers and for further adoption of sustainable buildings.
Superior CdSe/ZnS@Fe2O3 Yolk‐Shell Nanoparticles as Optically Active MRI Contrast Agents**
Authors: Ekici Derya D. , Mutlugun Evren 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe have developed a robust synthesis methodology for quantum dots (QDs) nanoparticles with magnetic properties designed for biomodal imaging. These nanocrsytlas consists of a semiconductor quantum dot core with engineered fluorescence, which is located in a paramagnetic iron oxide shell that acts as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent. Yolk‐shell CdSe/ZnS@Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized via sonochemical decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) using the oleylamine (OAm) as the ligand. The sonochemical synthesis method of magnetic fluorescent NPs that can be used as MRI contrast agents provided advantages such as improved quantum efficiency and homogeneous size distributions. It has been determined that the luminescence efficiency of quantum dots decreases in coatings that can be made at high temperatures by thermal decomposition. In order to eliminate the disadvantage of elevated temperatures, the sonochemical decomposition method, which allows coating at low temperatures, has been used. With this method, yolk‐shell (CdSe/ZnS@Fe2O3) nanoparticles were produced with high photoluminescence quantum efficiency and homogeneous size distributions. The synthesis magnetic fluorescent NPs optimized was determined to have the injection temperature of Fe(CO)5 at 60 ° C, Fe(CO)5/CdSe@ZnS ratio 0.7, OAm/Fe(CO)5 volume ratio 1.43 with an oxidation time 5 min. Under these conditions, the quantum efficiency was found to be 78 %, nanoparticle sizes between 11–14 nm and r1 value was 0.199, r2 value was 0.518 in MRI analysis. These optically active magnetic fluorescent nanoparticles as positive contrast agents (T1 weighted) are predicted to pave the way for the future of advanced bio‐imaging systems.
Highly Efficient Iodine Capture and CO2 Adsorption using a Triazine‐Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers
Authors: Qiao Yu , Lv Na , Xue Xiangxin , Zhou Tianyu , Che Guangbo , Xu Guangjuan , Wang Fujun , Wu Yuanyuan , Xu Zhanlin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTriazine‐based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) are a class of promising materials for adsorptive separation of CO2, which could be an effective alternative to chemisorption based approaches. Three novel CMPs were synthesized based on mixed building‐block approach under ionothermal conditions (ZnCl2, 400 °C). CMP@1‐3 possess moderate BET surface area of 325–707 m2 g−1. These polymers have a permanent porous structure, plenty of nitrogen atoms in the skeletons as effective sorption sites, and display a high adsorption performance for CO2 and iodine. Among them, CMP@3 displays outstanding CO2 adsorption capacity with uptake up to 120.8 cm3 g−1 at 1 bar and 273 K. In addition, CMP@3 exhibits a superior iodine uptake up to 308 wt.%. After adsorption and release, the structure of CMPs materials does not change and has high stability, which can be used as a convenient, economic and environmentally friendly material to develop its application in the field of I2 adsorption.
Coumarin‐Benzothiazole Hydrazone for Probing of Latent Fingerprints and Anti‐Counterfeiting Applications
Authors: Basavaraju Manjunatha , Bodke Yadav D. , Kumar Naveen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this work, we utilized a simple condensation process for the effective synthesis of coumarin hydrazone fluorescent tag (CHFT) and the evidence for the formation of CHFT was given through FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, HRMS, UV‐Vis and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Quantum chemical parameters and molecular electrostatic potential were assessed using DFT investigations. CHFT was found to be aggregation induced emission (AIE) active and exhibited strong cyan blue emission with large stokes shift. The optical band gap (Eg) value was determined by Kubelka‐Munk theory. The latent fingerprints (LFPs) developed by synthesized coumarin, exhibited excellent sensitivity, selectivity and low background hindrance on various material surfaces. Further, the synthesised CHFT was employed in anti‐counterfeiting applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Core‐Shell Bottlebrush Polymers via Controllable Polymerization
Authors: Yang Yuying , Lin Shaohui , Feng Xianshe , Pan Qinmin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research was focused on the synthesis of well‐defined bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) comprising of polynorbornene (PNB) backbones and side‐chains of the polylactide (PLA)‐b‐polystyrene (PS). The PNB backbones were synthesized via ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene, and then L‐lactide (LA) was first grafted to the backbones to form PLA side‐chains by ring‐opening polymerization. Afterwards, styrene was further grafted to the PLA cantilever with triothiocarbonate modification via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization to form PLA‐b‐PS side‐chains. Controllable polymerization was achieved by introducing each block in stages. A novel structure with PLA and PS block arranged in tandem was constructed, and their morphologies of self‐assembly in bulk were investigated by transmission electron microscopy imaging. The results demonstrated that the compositions and molecular weight of the side‐chains in the BBPs affected the self‐assembling morphologies of the BBPs significantly, and revealed that the polymers were with core‐shell structures.
DFT mechanistic investigation of the 1,2‐reduction of α,β‐unsaturated ynones
Authors: Hümpfner Evelyn , Buzsáki Dániel , Kelemen Zsolt 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe reaction mechanism of the phosphane catalyzed chemoselective 1,2‐reduction of ynones using pinacolborane has been explored computationally. Numerous plausible reaction routes were investigated, and calculations based on density function theory showed that the hydride transfer to the vinylphosphonium cations in the catalytic cycle leads to dead‐ends. The in situ formed dioxaborolane acts as the hydride donor and the reaction proceeds on a parallel path. Alternative mechanisms have also been examined alongside the crucial role of theoretical levels, moreover, the effect of a solvent was taken into consideration by applying the implicit polarizable continuum model.
Integrated Photothermal‐Pyroelectric Biosensor for Rapid and Point‐of‐Care Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Convergence of Theoretical Research and Commercialization
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Gong Hexiang , Gao Yuan , Li Ling , Xue Fangqing , Zeng Yongyi , Li Meijin , Liu Xiaolong , Tang Dianping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors face a high risk of mortality as a result of increasing heart failure and irreparable myocardial injury. New portable methods for immediate diagnosis must be developed to provide patients with daily warnings. Herein, the development of a dual‐mode photothermal‐pyroelectric output system based on a point‐of‐care platform for rapid AMI detection is reported. Termed as Integrated Photothermal‐Pyroelectric Biosensor for AMI (IPPBA), the method leverages cascade enzymatic amplification to convert the target signal into a thermal and pyrooelectric conversion of the testing process by delicate pyroelectric pervokite NaNbO3 nanocubes modified microelectrodes for sensitive detection of cTnI protein in whole blood. In addition, the mechanism of the proposed pyroelectric bioassay model is explored in depth based on in situ variable temperature X‐ray diffraction (XRD) lattice change statistics and density function theory (DFT) calculations. With standard samples and under optimized experimental conditions, the proposed IPPBA platform exhibits excellent signal stability and ultra‐low detection limit (0.05 ng mL–1) for the target cTn I. With further developments in digital technology (e.g., 5G signaling protocols, fully automated systems), the integrated digital bio‐testing platform IPPBA is fully capable of accomplishing positive and timely diagnosis of AMI.
Inhibition on α‐Amylase and α‐Glucosidase of Polysaccharides from Inonotus obliquus and Effects on Delaying the Digestion of Polysaccharides‐Dough system
Authors: Dai Li‐jun , Yan Jia‐xing , Xia Qing , Wang Shi‐qi , Zhou Qing , Zhang Jiu‐liang , Wen Chong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the present study, three alcohol precipitation polysaccharides fractions (IOP40, IOP60, and IOP80) are isolated from Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOP). In vitro starch digestion experiments suggest that IOP40 and IOP60 show stronger inhibitory effects than crude polysaccharides. Inhibition kinetics demonstrates that IOP60 has reversible and anti‐competitive inhibitory effect on α‐glucosidase. I. obliquus polysaccharides also have a significantly effect on the digestion of dough. Furthermore, in vivo studies prove IOP60 can inhibit the increase in postprandial blood glucose level. IOP60 is further purified to gain IOP‐2S. The results of monosaccharide composition show that IOP‐2S consisted of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose in Moorbys of 0.521:0.511:1.551:0.793:0.567:0.232. IOP‐2S's molecular weight is 26.76 kDa. Congo red results reveal that IOP‐2S contains a triple helix structure. This study indicates that I. obliquus polysaccharides might be used in functional foods for postprandial hyperglycemia control.