bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated farming system approaches to achieve food and nutritional security for enhancing profitability, employment, and climate resilience in India
Authors: Paramesh Venkatesh , Ravisankar Natesan , Behera UmaKant , Arunachalam Vadivel , Kumar Parveen , Solomon Rajkumar Racharla , Dhar Misra Shiva , Mohan Kumar Revappa , Prusty A. K. , Jacob D. , Panwar A. S. , Mayenkar Trivesh , Reddy Viswanatha K. , Rajkumar Susitha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntegrated farming systems (IFS) entail a holistic approach to farming aimed at meeting the multiple demands (impart farm resilience, farmer livelihoods, food security, ecosystem services, and making farms adaptive and resilient, etc.). IFS are characterized by temporal and spatial mixing of crops, livestock, fishery, and allied activities in a single farm. It is hypothesized that these complex farms are more productive at a system level, are less vulnerable to volatility, and produce less negative externalities than simplified farms. Thereby, they cater the needs of small and marginal farmers, who are the backbone of agriculture in India. Our review of literature shows that IFS have the potential to improve farm profitability (265%) and employment (143%) compared to single enterprise farms. The literature showed that IFS enhance nutrient recycling through composting, mulching, and residue incorporation and, as a consequence, have the capacity to reduce the external purchase of inputs. The nutrient recycling in turn helps to increase the soil quality indicators such as soil nutrient availability and also improves soil microbial activity. The IFS play a major role in biodiversity conservation through adoption of diversified cropping system and through integration of indigenous livestock breeds. IFS also played important role in improving soil organic carbon from 0.75 to 0.82%. Due to increased carbon sequestration, biomass production by trees, reduced consumption of fertilizers, and pesticides the greenhouse gas emission could be reduced significantly. This results in a linked system making it sustainable and climate‐resilient. The main challenge associated with adoption of IFS is it requires skill, knowledge, resources, labor, and capital which are not always available with small and marginal farmers. There is a need for integrating productivity, profitability, and environmental sustainability variables in a single evaluation framework to effectively generate information toward enhancing adaptability of IFS.
Coexistent physical and cognitive decline and the development of fear of falling among Korean older adults
Authors: Park Gum‐Ryeong , Kim Jinho 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesAlthough hand grip strength and cognitive function are associated with fear of falling (FOF), little is known about whether coexisting physical and cognitive decline is jointly related to FOF. This study examines whether grip strength and cognitive function interact to shape FOF and FOF‐related activity restriction (FAR) among Korean older adults.Methods/DesignThis study used seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (N = 3373 older adults aged 65 or over). Grip strength was assessed by a handgrip dynamometer, and cognitive function by Korean Mini‐mental State Examination (K‐MMSE). Fixed effects models were estimated to account for time‐invariant confounders such as genetic predispositions, innate ability, and health endowments. This study estimated a joint model that included interaction effects between grip strength and cognitive function.ResultsDeclines in grip strength and cognitive function were independently associated with FOF. Fixed effects estimates suggested that, despite some attenuation, controlling for individual heterogeneity does not confound the associations. The interaction model showed that coexistence of low grip strength and cognitive decline leads to a greater risk of FOF and FAR than having a single condition. Similar patterns were found for FAR.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that coexistent cognitive and physical decline are a significant risk factor for FOF and FAR. Given the well‐established adverse effects of FOF on older adults' health and well‐being, results of this study lend support to interventions to target old adults with coexistent cognitive and physical decline to remove excessive concerns about FOF.
Does losing money truly hurt? The shared neural bases of monetary loss and pain
Authors: Tan Huixin , Duan Qin , Liu Yihan , Qiao Xinyu , Luo Siyang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBoth monetary loss and pain have been studied for decades, but evidence supporting the relationship between them is still lacking. We conducted a meta‐analysis to explore the overlapping brain regions between monetary loss and pain, including physical pain and social pain. Regardless of the type of pain experienced, activation of the anterior insula was a shared neural representation of monetary loss and pain. The network representation pattern of monetary loss was more similar to that of social pain than that of physical pain. In conclusion, our research provided evidence of the common neural correlates of monetary loss and pain.
Normative data for three physical frailty parameters in an aging, rural Indian population
Authors: Sundarakumar Jonas S. , Raviteja Karru V. , Muniz‐Terrera Graciela , Ravindranath Vijayalakshmi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionPhysical frailty is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes. Since physical characteristics markedly vary with different populations, population‐specific norms for physical frailty parameters are necessary. Such norms are lacking for the Indian population, especially for older, rural Indians. We aimed to develop normative values for three quantitative, frailty parameters—handgrip strength, “Timed Up‐and‐Go” (TUG) test time, and physical activity in an aging, rural Indian population.MethodsThe study sample is from an ongoing, prospective, cohort (Srinivaspura NeuoSenescence and COGnition, SANSCOG) comprised of rural, community‐dwelling, cognitively healthy, aging Indians. Subjects are recruited through area sampling strategy, from villages of Srinivaspura, Kolar district, Karnataka state, India. Three physical frailty parameters of Fried's phenotype—handgrip strength (n = 1787), TUG time (n = 1863), and physical activity (n = 1640) were assessed using digital hand dynamometry, TUG test, and General Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), respectively.ResultsThe 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th percentiles for the three frailty parameters were: right‐hand grip strength (kg): males—13.9, 18.6, 23.8, 28.7, 33.7 and females—7.8, 10.6, 14.2, 17.9, 21.3; left‐hand grip strength (kg): males—13.3, 18.3, 23.6, 28.9, 32.9 and females—7.9, 10.5, 14.3, 17.8, 21.2; TUG time (s): males—9.1, 10.1, 11.4, 13.4, 15.5 and females—9.5, 10.7, 12.4, 14.5, 16.6; physical activity (MET‐minutes/week): males—1680; 4320; 8880; 15,840; 23,352 and females—1680; 4320; 9240; 15,120; 20,160.DiscussionOur findings show that from 45 years onwards, overall grip strength decreases and TUG time increases, with women performing significantly poorer than men across all age groups, except >75 years, where no differences were seen. Physical activity did not show any consistent trend according to age or gender. Reference values for this aging, rural Indian population were substantially lower for grip strength and higher for TUG time than aging populations in several Western and other Asian countries.
Kinetics of immune responses to the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine with varying dose intervals in Sri Lankan individuals
Authors: Jeewandara Chandima , Aberathna Inoka Sepali , Gomes Laksiri , Pushpakumara Pradeep Darshana , Danasekara Saubhagya , Guruge Dinuka , Ranasinghe Thushali , Gunasekera Banuri , Kamaladasa Achala , Kuruppu Heshan , Somathilake Gayasha , Dissanayake Osanda , Gamalath Nayanathara , Ekanayake Dinithi , Jayamali Jeewantha , Jayathilaka Deshni , Mudunkotuwa Anushika , Harvie Michael , Nimasha Thashmi , Wijayamuni Ruwan , Schimanski Lisa , Rijal Pramila , Tan Tiong K. , Dong Tao , Townsend Alain , Ogg Graham S. , Malavige Gathsaurie Neelika 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo understand the kinetics of immune responses with different dosing gaps of the AZD1222 vaccine, we compared antibody and T cell responses in two cohorts with two different dosing gaps.MethodsAntibodies to the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus were assessed in 297 individuals with a dosing gap of 12 weeks, sampled 12 weeks post second dose (cohort 1) and in 77 individuals with a median dosing gap of 21.4 weeks (cohort 2) sampled 6 weeks post second dose. ACE2‐blocking antibodies (ACE2‐blocking Abs), antibodies to the receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of variants of concern (VOC), and ex vivo T cell responses were assessed in a subcohort.ResultsAll individuals (100%) had SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific total antibodies and 94.2% of cohort 1 and 97.1% of cohort 2 had ACE2‐blocking Abs. There was no difference in antibody titers or positivity rates in different age groups in both cohorts. The ACE2‐blocking Abs (p < .0001) and antibodies to the RBD of the VOCs were significantly higher in cohort 2 compared to cohort 1. 41.2% to 65.8% of different age groups gave a positive response by the hemagglutination assay to the RBD of the ancestral virus and VOCs in cohort 1, while 53.6%–90% gave a positive response in cohort 2. 17/57 (29.8%) of cohort 1 and 17/29 (58.6%) of cohort 2 had ex vivo interferon (IFN)γ ELISpot responses above the positive threshold. The ACE2‐blocking antibodies (Spearman's r = .46, p = .008) and ex vivo IFNγ responses (Spearman's r = .71, p < .0001) at 12 weeks post first dose, significantly correlated with levels 12 weeks post second dose.ConclusionsBoth dosing schedules resulted in high antibody and T cell responses post vaccination, although those with a longer dosing gap had a higher magnitude of responses, possibly as immune responses were measured 6 weeks post second dose compared to 12 weeks post second dose.
Constructing block designs with a prescribed automorphism group using genetic algorithm
Authors: Crnković Dean , Zrinski Tin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose a method of constructing block designs which combine genetic algorithm and a method for constructing designs with a prescribed automorphism group using tactical decompositions (i.e., orbit matrices). We apply this method to construct new Steiner systems with parameters and new symmetric designs with parameters (71, 15, 3).
Profiles of mindfulness in cancer patients and associations with psychological outcomes and coping strategies: A person‐centered approach
Authors: Wang Jun , Wei Liuyu , Zhu Lei , Schroevers Maya J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivePrevious research confirmed the benefits of mindfulness for cancer patients' psychological well‐being, but few studies considered the value of possible distinct combinations of mindfulness skills. This study aimed to (1) identify distinct mindfulness profiles in cancer patients, (2) examine socio‐demographic predictors of patients with distinct profiles, and (3) examine associations of mindfulness profiles with psychological outcomes and coping strategies.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 245 people with heterogeneous types of cancer. Latent profile analysis was applied to identify distinct profiles of mindfulness. The Bolck–Croon–Hagenaars method was used to examine how mindfulness profiles related to socio‐demographic characteristics, psychological outcomes, and coping strategies.ResultsFour mindfulness profiles were identified: “average mindfulness” (50%), “judgmentally observing” (20%), “high mindfulness” (15%), and “non‐judgmentally aware” (15%). Patients with “high mindfulness” profile tended to have higher educational attainment, and reported better psychological outcomes (i.e., low on depression and negative affect and high on positive affect) as well as better coping strategies (i.e., high positive reappraisal and low rumination).ConclusionThis study confirms the existence of distinct mindfulness profiles in cancer patients and suggest that patients high in mindfulness are the most adaptive.
Endothelial cell‐derived fibroblast growth factor‐18 regulates ovarian function in sheep
Authors: Estienne Anthony , Relav Lauriane , Benkoura Morad , Monniaux Danielle , Morin Fanny , Fabre Stéphane , Price Christopher A 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIncreasing the efficiency of farm animal reproduction is necessary to reduce the environmental impact of food production systems. One approach is to increase the number of healthy eggs (oocytes) produced per female for fertilization, thus it is important to understand factors that decrease oocyte health. One paracrine factor that decreases ovarian follicle growth is fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) secreted by cells in the theca layer of the ovarian follicle, however the factors that regulate FGF18 secretion are unknown. In this study we hypothesized that FGF18 secretion is controled by intrafollicular factors and is linked to fertility, which we tested by using cell culture and sheep genetic models in vivo. Separation of theca cell populations revealed that FGF18 messenger RNA (mRNA) is located mainly in thecal endothelial rather than endocrine cells, and immunohistochemistry localized FGF18 protein to microvessels in the theca layer in situ. Culture of ovine theca‐derived endothelial cells was used to demonstrate stimulation of FGF18 mRNA and protein abundance by bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), a growth factor derived from theca endocrine cells. Taking advantage of a sheep genetic model, we demonstrate reduced ovarian and peripheral FGF18 concentrations in the hyperprolific Booroola ewe harboring the FecBB mutation in BMPR1B. These data suggest a novel control of fertility by follicular endothelial cells, in which theca endocrine cells secrete BMP4 that stimulates the secretion of FGF18 from thecal endothelial cells, which in turn diffuses into the granulosa cell layer and promotes apoptosis.
Pectoralis major muscle atrophy is associated with mitochondrial energy wasting in cachectic patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Dolly Adeline , Lecomte Thierry , Tabchouri Nicolas , Caulet Morgane , Michot Nicolas , Anon Benjamin , Chautard Romain , Desvignes Yoann , Ouaissi Mehdi , Fromont‐Hankard Gaëlle , Dumas Jean‐François , Servais Stéphane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundCancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by involuntary and pathological weight loss, mainly due to skeletal muscle wasting, resulting in a decrease in patients' quality of life, response to cancer treatments, and survival. Our objective was to investigate skeletal muscle alterations in cachectic cancer patients.MethodsThis is a prospective study of patients managed for pancreatic or colorectal cancer with an indication for systemic chemotherapy (METERMUCADIG ‐ NCT02573974). One lumbar CT image was used to determine body composition. Patients were divided into three groups [8 noncachectic (NC), 18 with mild cachexia (MC), and 19 with severe cachexia (SC)] based on the severity of weight loss and muscle mass. For each patient, a pectoralis major muscle biopsy was collected at the time of implantable chamber placement. We used high‐resolution oxygraphy to measure mitochondrial muscle oxygen consumption on permeabilized muscle fibres. We also performed optical and electron microscopy analyses, as well as gene and protein expression analyses.ResultsForty‐five patients were included. Patients were 67% male, aged 67 years (interquartile range, 59–77). Twenty‐three (51%) and 22 (49%) patients were managed for pancreatic and colorectal cancer, respectively. Our results show a positive correlation between median myofibres area and skeletal muscle index (P = 0.0007). Cancer cachexia was associated with a decrease in MAFbx protein expression (P < 0.01), a marker of proteolysis through the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption related to energy wasting was significantly increased (SC vs. NC, P = 0.028) and mitochondrial area tended to increase (SC vs. MC, P = 0.056) in SC patients. On the contrary, mitochondria content and networks remain unaltered in cachectic cancer patients. Finally, our results show no dysfunction in lipid storage and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis.ConclusionsThis clinical protocol brings unique data that provide new insight to mechanisms underlying muscle wasting in cancer cachexia. We report for the first time an increase in mitochondrial energy wasting in the skeletal muscle of severe cachectic cancer patients. Additional clinical studies are essential to further the exploring and understanding of these alterations.
A greener approach for the synthesis of pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives in glycerol under microwave heating
Authors: Martinho Luan A. , Andrade Carlos Kleber Z. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHerein, we report the multicomponent synthesis of pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine derivatives from 6‐aminouracil, aromatic aldehydes, and malononitrile in glycerol as a green solvent under microwave heating. This methodology shows several advantages: catalyst‐free synthesis, up to 90% yield, operational simplicity, short reaction times, easy work‐up procedure, and a greener approach compared with other methods reported in the literature.
Frequency and severity of COVID‐19 in patients with various rheumatic diseases treated regularly with colchicine or hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Oztas Mert , Bektas Murat , Karacan Ilker , Aliyeva Numune , Dag Ayten , Aghamuradov Sarvan , Cevirgen Selim Berke , Sari Selma , Bolayirli Murat , Can Gunay , Hatemi Gulen , Seyahi Emire , Ozdogan Huri , Gul Ahmet , Ugurlu Serdal 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate whether patients regularly using colchicine or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have an advantage of protection from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) or developing less severe disease. Patients who were taking colchicine or HCQ regularly for a rheumatic disease including Familial Mediterranean Fever, Behçet's syndrome, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Sjogren's syndrome, as well as their healthy household contacts as the control group, were included in the study. The clinical data regarding COVID‐19 were collected using a standard form, and serum samples were analyzed for anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) nucleocapsid immunoglobulin G (IgG). A total of 635 regular colchicine users with their 643 household contacts and 317 regular HCQ users with their 333 household contacts were analyzed. Anti‐SARS‐COV‐2 IgG was positive in 43 (6.8%) regular colchicine users and 35 (5.4%) household contacts (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.8–2; p = 0.3). COVID‐19‐related symptoms were described by 29 (67.4%) of the patients and 17 (48.6%) household contacts (OR = 2.2; 95% CI :0.9–5.5; p = 0.09), and hospital admission was observed in five (11.6%) and one (2.9%) of these subjects (OR = 4.5; 95% CI: 0.5–40.2; p = 0.1), respectively. Seropositive subjects were observed in 22 (6.9%) regular HCQ users and 24 (7.2%) household contacts (OR = 1.1; 95% CI: 0.6–1.9; p =  0.8). COVID‐19‐related symptoms occurred in 16 (72.7%) of the 22 patients and 12 (50%) of 24 household contacts (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 0.8–9.1; p = 0.1). Three patients (13.6%) were admitted to hospital, while one household contact (4.2%) was hospitalized (OR = 3.6; 95% CI: 0.3–37.8; p = 0.2). Being on a regular treatment of colchicine or HCQ did not result in the prevention of COVID‐19 or amelioration of its manifestations.
Assessing the acceptance of augmented‐reality and head‐mounted display in medicine counselling
Authors: Prenzler Shane , Anoopkumar‐Dukie Shailendra , Grant Gary 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundBoth head‐mounted display (HMD) and augmented reality (AR) are examples of emergent and disruptive technologies that have had little exposure in pharmacy. The developed HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide allowed pharmacists to examine this technology in a familiar context.AimsTo determine acceptance among pharmacists for the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide, as a form of emergent and disruptive technology.MethodsForty Australian community pharmacists were recruited for a cohort study. The study was completed in a pre‐ and post‐test manner, where pharmacists were allowed to explore the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide. The pre‐test included questions related to demographic variables. The post‐test used Technology Assessment Model (TAM) based Likert scale questions on a 1–5 (strongly agree to strongly disagree) scale. Questions unrelated to TAM were also included in the pre‐ and post‐test and compared using a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. These engaged participants on perceived usefulness of the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide and their willingness to use technology. Qualitative feedback to open ended questions in the post‐test was also sought.ResultsTechnology Assessment Model constructs (perceived ease‐of‐use, perceived usefulness, and behavioural intention) indicated a positive reception overall. Pre‐ and post‐test questions regarding perceived usefulness of the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide and willingness to use technology declined after using the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide.ConclusionParticipant expectations although still positive, declined after using the HMD‐AR warfarin counselling guide. Further study is needed for technological advances, design optimisation and to assess patient acceptance to ensure the system is fit for purpose for pharmacy practice.
Structural characterization of intersections between semiconducting and metallic carbon nanotubes using tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Yoshikawa Masanobu , Murakami Masataka , Fujita Yasuhiko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe obtained Raman images at the intersections single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and Raman spectra using a reflection‐type tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) system with a high spatial resolution, moving the x–y piezoelectric scanner in steps of 2 nm and with a highly sensitive TERS tip. Consequently, we observed a significant change in the Raman spectra at the intersection between semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs. We observed new G bands at the intersection of SWCNTs. Especially, one of the G bands, which is not observed in isolated metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs, was observed at approximately 1620 cm−1. The G band at approximately 1620 cm−1, which we observed only at the intersection, is considered to be shifted by compressive stresses. The observation of the G band at approximately 1620 cm−1 at the intersection between the semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs suggests that the intersection is at least under a compressive stress of approximately 5 GPa.