bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Organic Fertilizers Utilization Among Smallholder Farmers in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Muluneh Mitiku Wale , Talema Getaneh Abebe , Abebe Koyachew Bitew , Dejen Tsegaw Belete , Kassaw Mahider Abere , Teka Mebrat Aschalew 
Published: February 2022

Background: Adoption of organic fertilization is low among farmers in rural areas of Ethiopia, affecting yields and general food security in the region. This study aimed to identify the determinants of the utilization of organic fertilizers among smallholder farmers in the South Gondar Zone, Amhara National Regional State (ANRS), Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was used among smallholder farmers in the South Gondar Zone, ANRS, Northwest Ethiopia. Primary data were collected from 420 sample respondents using multistage sampling with a combination of both simple random and cluster sampling techniques. The binary logistic regression model was used to assess the use of organic fertilizers among smallholder farmers in the South Gondar Zone. The results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) together with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: head of household age (AOR = 1.099, 95% CI 1.018-1.187), married marital status (AOR = 10.506, 95% CI 1.355-81.427), literate head of household (AOR = 3.323, 95% CI 1.571-7.029), number of laborers (AOR = 1.442, 95% CI 1.060-1.962), farming experience (AOR = 1.132, 95% CI 1.041-1.232), farm size (AOR = 1.063, 95% CI 1.008-1.121), and number of livestock (AOR = 1.368, 95% CI 1.115-1.677) were positively associated with the utilization of organic fertilizer while single marital status (AOR = 0.062, 95% CI 0.004-0.851), cost of laborer (AOR = 0.965, 95% CI 0.951-0.978), household income (AOR = 0.880, 95% CI 0.824-0.939), medium soil fertility (AOR = 0.039, 95% CI 0.007-0.229), fertile soil (AOR = 0.020, 95% CI 0.003-0.120), and home to farm distance (AOR = 0.219, 95% CI 0.067-0.717) were negatively associated with the utilization of organic fertilizer. Conclusions: This finding showed that multiple variables have an effect to determining the use of organic fertilizer by smallholder farmers. Therefore, the finding is important to adopt programs to encourage the use of organic fertilizer, implement policies in an attempt to adapt the use of organic fertilizer among the South Gondar Zone, and critically consider these factors. Furthermore, extension workers should focus on raising awareness about the importance of organic fertilizers to encourage or expand their use among smallholder farmers.
The warm expert—A warm teacher? Learning about digital media in intergenerational interaction
Authors: Martínez Carolina , Olsson Tobias 
Published: February 2022

The concept warm experts originally referred to people who helped their friends and family to come to terms with home-based computers and Internet connections. As digital technologies have continuously come to permeate our everyday lives, the tasks for warm experts have grown in kinds and character. The present study contributes to our understanding of warm experts by exploring the learning process involving the warm expert and the less knowledgeable other(s). Drawing on interviews with older adults (70 to 94 years of age), the study specifically explores older users’ experiences of learning about digital media with children and grandchildren. The results reveal how interaction with warm experts constituted important learning opportunities for the older adults, in which they developed their skills in using digital media. However, establishing potential learning situations and learning from warm experts was not a straightforward matter, but surrounded by a multitude of barriers structuring the possibilities for learning. This shows how the role of the warm expert is fluid and materializes in different ways in different situations. The warm expert can take the position (or be positioned) as one who solves technical issues. The warm expert can be one who fails in teaching, or one who adopts the position as a warm teacher and contributes to learning among the less knowledgeable user. In order to also be a warm teacher, the warm expert needs to understand the specific learning needs and styles of the less knowledgeable other and adapt to these needs.
Innovative technology-enhanced social work service during COVID-19: How ‘Garden on the Balcony’ promoted resilience, community bonds and a green lifestyle
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Gao Qin , Pei Fei , Wang Yi , Cheng Zhen , Zhang Ji , Wu Yang 
Published: February 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has motivated social workers to reckon with and transform traditions in service delivery. The development, application, and evaluation of technology-enhanced practices have become more vital than ever. Garden on the Balcony (GOB) was an innovative internet-based social work service designed to respond rapidly to the COVID-19 outbreak in Beijing. This paper introduces the underlying perspectives and design of GOB and reports participants’ reflections on the program to understand its mechanisms and implications. Interview data from GOB participants were collected 4 months after the program ended. Thematic analysis generated three major themes, suggesting that GOB had (a) promoted individual resilience and family cohesion; (b) built online and offline community bonds; and (c) cultivated a green lifestyle and spiritual reflection on life. This study demonstrates a practical example of the effective use of technology-enhanced practice.
Long term safety and effectiveness of LVIS Jr for treatment of intracranial aneurysms- a Canadian Multicenter registry
Authors: McEachern James , Iancu Daniela , van Adel Brian , Drake Brian , Kaderali Zul , Spirou Michael , Lesiuk Howard , Weill Alain , Roy Daniel , Raymond Jean , Hadziomerovic Isabel S , Shankar Jai 
Published: February 2022

Background The Low-profile Visible Intraluminal Support device (LVIS Jr) has become a commonly used intracranial stent for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. However long-term stability and effectiveness remains to be seen. The purpose of the study was to assess the long-term efficacy, safety and durability of LVIS Jr. in a retrospective multicenter registry. Methods Patients with saccular aneurysms treated at centers across Canada using LVIS Jr for intracranial aneurysms were included in this retrospective registry between the dates of January 2013 and April 2019. Self reported outcomes were collected and used to assess both perioperative and long term safety and effectiveness. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results Total of 196 patients (132 Women; mean age of 57.6 years) underwent endovascular aneurysm treatment with at least 1 LVIS Jr. stent. Mean aneurysm dome size was 7.4 mm, and mean neck size of 4.3 mm. Mean clinical and imaging follow up were 950 and 899 days respectively. Class I/II was achieved in 85% on long term follow up. Periprocedural morbidity and mortality was 4.6% and 2% and additional delayed morbidity and mortality was 3% and 2.5%. Aneurysm size >10 mm was independent predictor of periprocedural complication (OR 2.59, p = 0.048) while an increased dome to neck ratio >1.5 was independent predictor of increased delayed complications (OR 3.99, p = 0.02). Conclusion The LVIS Jr. intracranial stent is an effective device in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Satisfactory long term occlusion rates can be achieved safely with stent-assisted coil embolization.
Assessment of Clinical, Tissue, and Cell-Level Metrics Identify Four Biologically Distinct Knee Osteoarthritis Patient Phenotypes
Authors: Mantripragada Venkata P. , Csorba Alexander , Bova Wesley , Boehm Cynthia , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Bullen Jennifer , Midura Ronald J. , Muschler George F. 
Published: February 2022

Objective Clinical heterogeneity of primary osteoarthritis (OA) is a major challenge in understanding pathogenesis and development of targeted therapeutic strategies. This study aims to (1) identify OA patient subgroups phenotypes and (2) determine predictors of OA severity and cartilage-derived stem/progenitor concentration using clinical-, tissue-, and cell- level metrics. Design Cartilage, synovium (SYN) and infrapatellar fatpad (IPFP) were collected from 90 total knee arthroplasty patients. Clinical metrics (patient demographics, radiograph-based joint space width (JSW), Kellgren and Lawrence score (KL)), tissue metrics (cartilage histopathology grade, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)) and cell-based metrics (cartilage-, SYN-, and IPFP-derived cell concentration ([Cell], cells/mg), connective tissue progenitor (CTP) prevalence (PCTP, CTPs/million cells plated), CTP concentration, [CTP], CTPs/mg)) were assessed using k-mean clustering and linear regression model. Results Four patient subgroups were identified. Clusters 1 and 2 comprised of younger, high body mass index (BMI) patients with healthier cartilage, where Cluster 1 had high CTP in cartilage, SYN, and IPFP, and Cluster 2 had low [CTP] in cartilage, SYN, and IPFP. Clusters 3 and 4 comprised of older, low BMI patients with diseased cartilage where Cluster 3 had low [CTP] in SYN, IPFP but high [CTP] in cartilage, and Cluster 4 had high [CTP] in SYN, IPFP but low [CTP] in cartilage. Age ( r = 0.23, P = 0.026), JSW ( r = 0.28, P = 0.007), KL ( r = 0.26, P = 0.012), GAG/mg cartilage tissue ( r = −0.31, P = 0.007), and SYN-derived [Cell] ( r = 0.25, P = 0.049) were weak but significant predictors of OA severity. Cartilage-derived [Cell] ( r = 0.38, P < 0.001) and PCTP ( r = 0.9, P < 0.001) were moderate/strong predictors of cartilage-derived [CTP]. Conclusion Initial findings suggests the presence of OA patient subgroups that could define opportunities for more targeted patient-specific approaches to prevention and treatment.
Automatic Detection of Medial and Lateral Compartments from Histological Sections of Mouse Knee Joints Using the Single-Shot Multibox Detector Algorithm
Authors: Mori Yoshifumi , Oichi Takeshi , Enomoto-Iwamoto Motomi , Saito Taku 
Published: February 2022

Objective Although mouse osteoarthritis (OA) models are widely used, their histological analysis may be susceptible to arbitrariness and inter-examiner variability in conventional methods. Therefore, a method for the unbiased scoring of OA histology is needed. In this study, as the first step for establishing this system, we developed a computer-vision algorithm that automatically detects the medial and lateral compartments of mouse knee sections in a rigorous and unbiased manner. Design A total of 706 images of coronal sections of mouse knee joints stained by hematoxylin and eosin, safranin O, or toluidine blue were randomly divided into training and validation images at a ratio of 80:20. A model to detect both compartments automatically was built by machine learning using a single-shot multibox detector (SSD) algorithm with training images. The model was tested to determine whether it could accurately detect both compartments by analyzing the validation images and 52 images of sections stained with Picrosirius red, a method not used for the training images. Results The trained model accurately detected both medial and lateral compartments of all 140 validation images regardless of the staining method employed, severity of articular cartilage defects, and the anatomical positions and conditions of the sections. Our model also correctly detected both compartments of 50 of 52 Picrosirius red–stained images. Conclusions By applying deep learning based on the SSD algorithm, we successfully developed a model that detects the locations of the medial and lateral compartments of tissue sections of mouse knee joints with high accuracy.
Clinical and histology features as predictor of severity of mucormycosis in post-COVID-19 patients: An experience from a rural tertiary setting in Central India
Authors: Jain Kavita , Surana Akshay , Choudhary Tej Singh , Vaidya Sudhakar , Nandedkar Shirish , Purohit Manju 
Published: February 2022

Background: An upsurge in cases of rhinosinusitis with or without associated orbital and/or cerebral involvement by mucormycosis has been observed in post-COVID-19 patients. Our objective is to evaluate the clinical and histopathology features of these patients to determine the severity and develop a scoring on the extent on tissue invasion. Method: We prospectively enrolled and analyzed 95 post-COVID-19 patients who presented with the invasive mucormycosis of the head and neck region. Clinical and histology details were noted in predesigned forms. Various histology variables were graded from I to III to propose a scoring system for the severity of the disease. Results: Mucormycosis was common in males with a mean age of 46.8 ± 11 years. Facial pain was the most common presenting complaint and 77% of the patients were diabetic. Most cases (n = 59) showed a moderate degree of neutrophilic infiltrate with ⩾50% tissue necrosis and angioinvasion in three or more vessels with a fungal load of 2+/3+. Histology severity grade III was observed in patients who died from cerebral mucormycosis (n = 3) and septicemia (n = 2) and in patients who had undergone orbital exenteration (n = 6). Conclusion: The histopathology and severity score classification was directly correlated with the outcome of the patients. Further evaluation and a larger study will help to validate the proposed scoring for its clinical use in all forms and causes of mucormycosis.
Comparative study of six SARS-CoV-2 serology assays: Diagnostic performance and antibody dynamics in a cohort of hospitalized patients for moderate to critical COVID-19
Authors: Chamkhi Sameh , Dhaouadi Tarak , Sfar Imen , Mokni Salma , Jebri Alia , Mansouri Dhouha , Ghedira Salma , Ben Jemia Emna , Ben Boujemaa Samia , Houissa Mohamed , Aouina Hichem , Ben Abdallah Taïeb , Gorgi Yousr 
Published: February 2022

Background To overcome the COVID-19 pandemic, serology assays are needed to identify past and ongoing infections. In this context, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of 6 immunoassays on samples from hospitalized patients for moderate to critical COVID-19. Methods 701 serum samples obtained from 443 COVID-19 patients (G1: 356 positive RT-PCR patients and G2: 87 negative RT-PCR cases) and 108 pre-pandemic sera from blood donors were tested with 6 commercial immunoassays: (1) Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2, Roche (Nucleocapsid, N), (2) Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S, Roche (Spike, S), (3) Vidas SARS-COV-2 IgM/IgG, BioMérieux (S), (4) SARS-CoV-2 IgG, Abbott (N), (5) Access SARS-CoV-2 IgG, Beckman Coulter (Receptor Binding Domain), and (6) Standard F COVID-19 IgM/IgG Combo FIA, SD Biosensor (N). Results Global sensitivities of the evaluated assays were as follows: (1) Roche anti-N = 74.5% [69.6–79.3], (2) Roche anti-S = 92.7% [84.7–100], (3) Vidas IgM = 74.9% [68.6–81.2], (4) Vidas IgG = 73.9% [67.6–80.1], (5) Abbott = 78.6% [63.4–93.8], (6) Beckman Coulter = 74.5% [62–86.9], (7) SD Biosensor IgM = 73.1% [61–85.1], and (8) SD Biosensor IgG = 76.9% [65.4–88.4]. Sensitivities increased gradually from week 1 to week 3 as follow: (1) Roche anti-N: 63.3%, 81% and 82.1%; (2) Vidas IgM: 68.2%, 83.2% and 85.9%; and (3) Vidas IgG: 66.7%, 79.1% and 86.6%. All immunoassays showed a specificity of 100%. Seropositivity was significantly associated with a higher frequency of critical COVID-19 (50.8% vs. 38.2%), p = 0.018, OR [95% CI] = 1.668 [1.09–2.553]. Inversely, death occurred more frequently in seronegative patients (28.7% vs. 13.6%), p=3.02 E-4, OR [95% CI] = 0.392 [0.233–0.658]. Conclusion Evaluated serology assays exhibited good sensitivities and excellent specificities. Sensitivities increased gradually after symptoms onset. Even if seropositivity is more frequent in patients with critical COVID-19, it may predict a recovery outcome.
Client Satisfaction With Virtual Consultations During the COVID-19 Pandemic at an Occupational Health Physical Therapy Clinic
Authors: Chetty Laran 
Published: February 2022

Background: The purpose of this project was to determine whether clients were satisfied with their occupational health physical therapy virtual consultations and whether or not they would have preferred a face-to-face consultation instead of a virtual consultation. Methods: Clients were mailed an adapted 10-item Telehealth Satisfaction Scale (TeSS) and asked to complete and return it in a prepaid envelope. Clients who returned the TeSS were then contacted by telephone and asked whether they would have preferred a face-to-face consultation instead of a virtual consultation. Findings: Overall, clients expressed a high degree of satisfaction with their virtual occupational health physical therapy consultation (96.9%). Most clients (82.1%) stated they would have chosen virtual consultations if given the choice. Conclusion/Application to Practice: The cumulative feedback from clients suggested that the benefits of virtual consultations can be sustained post COVID-19 pandemic as clients have accepted and adapted to this new approach within the occupational health physical therapy clinic.
SARS-COV-2 Screening of Health Care Workers in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Trivedi Ashish , Fontelera Maria , Lai Alice 
Published: February 2022

Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of COVID-19 infection; therefore, screening is recommended for early detection and management to break the chain of transmission. Globally, multiple strategies have been utilized for the screening of HCWs. This article reports and evaluates an active surveillance and screening strategy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) among HCWs following work or nonwork exposures in Brunei Darussalam to prevent health care–associated COVID-19 transmission. Methods: In March 2020, the Ministry of Health through the Occupational Health Division adopted an active screening strategy for symptomatic and asymptomatic HCWs, which involved symptom screening, risk assessment, SARS-COV-2 testing, and management following work/nonwork exposure and recent overseas travel, and those with influenza-like illness (ILI) symptoms. Screening frequency was based on the HCWs’ symptoms and exposure, with the intent to evaluate all possible sources of exposure. Findings: As of December 31, 2020, 821 HCWs were screened, of which 632 (77%) had ILI symptoms and 14 (1.7%) had high-risk occupational exposure. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) swab testing was carried out on 577 (70.3%) HCWs, with the highest proportion of swabs done on doctors (85.1%; p < .01) due to their workplace exposure (34.3%) and overseas travel (38.7%). Conclusion: By July 2021, Brunei Darussalam had recorded zero cases of COVID-19 among HCWs from occupational exposure. Our strategy of active screening for SARS-COV-2 RT-PCR testing since early in the outbreak has proven to be successful, in combination with infection control practices and public health measures, in the prevention of occupational transmission, thereby facilitating early return to work for HCWs with low-risk exposure and without symptoms.
Intensive Care Unit Nurses’ Lived Experiences of Psychological Stress and Trauma Caring for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Levi Paula , Moss Jacqueline 
Published: February 2022

Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses are enduring unprecedented burden caring for COVID-19 patients. Few studies have reported types of work-related events that lead to occupational stress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: ICU nurses were recruited at an academic health science center to explore their experiences of caring for COVID-19 patients. Participants were interviewed for 1 hour using open-ended questions. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed using the PTSD Checklist, job satisfaction with a Likert-type scale, and intention to leave their job with a “yes or no” question. Semi-structured interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software; quantitative data were analyzed using frequencies and means with R 4.0.5. Findings: The ICU nurse sample comprised nine females and one male, all Caucasian, with a mean age of 26.6 years. Analysis of interview transcripts revealed six recurring themes: Change in Practice, Emotion, Patient’s Family, Isolation, Job Satisfaction, and Public Reaction. Quantitative findings revealed 7 of 10 met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Most participants (7/10) were “somewhat satisfied” with their job. Five of 10 considered leaving their job in the last 6 months. Conclusion/Implications for Practice: Understanding the impact stressful pandemic-related patient care has on ICU nurses provides evidence that new policies are needed. Furthermore, qualitative findings provide insight into the best design and deployment of interventions to reduce stress and prevent development of PTSD. More research is needed to understand long-term effects of PTSD and to evaluate strategies to prevent PTSD during stressful emergency surges in intensive care.
Cleft Sign and Bone Marrow Edema of the Pubic Symphysis Are Associated With Sports and Bony Morphology in Patients With Femoroacetabular Impingement and Labral Tears
Authors: Nakayama Keisuke , Utsunomiya Hajime , Murata Yoichi , Takada Shinichiro , Tsukamoto Manabu , Sakai Akinori , Uchida Soshi 
Published: February 2022

Background: The cleft sign (CS) and bone marrow edema (BME) are considered magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings signifying a pubic pathology, which is associated with groin pain; however, their relationship with bony morphology related to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has not been established. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of CS and BME in symptomatic patients with acetabular labral tears and assess their possible association with bone morphology and sport-specific activities. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study enrolled 418 patients (469 hips) undergoing hip arthroscopic surgery for labral tears. Also included were patients with labral tears in the setting of either hip dysplasia or borderline hip dysplasia who were undergoing endoscopic shelf acetabuloplasty combined with hip arthroscopic labral repair, cam osteoplasty, and capsular plication. All patients were screened for superior CS (SCS), inferior CS (ICS), and BME of the ipsilateral side of the pubis using 3-T MRI. We measured the following angles: lateral center edge (LCE), Sharp, Tönnis, vertical-central-anterior, and alpha. Then, we evaluated the relationship between patient characteristics and abnormal findings on MRI scans (preoperatively vs 1 year postoperatively). Results: An overall 397 hips were included: 200 in men and 197 in women (mean ± SD age, 35.3 ± 16.0 years). There were hips in 214 athletes (53.9%) and hips in 183 nonathletes (46.1%). MRI findings revealed SCS, ICS, and BME in 18 (4.5%), 13 (3.3%), and 34 hips (8.6%), respectively. Abnormal MRI findings at the pubis were seen more often in athletes than nonathletes (23.8% vs 3.3%), and contact sports athletes had the most frequent abnormalities. There was no SCS in patients with an LCE angle <22°. SCS was more frequently seen in those who had an alpha angle ≥71°. More than 60% of abnormal findings at the pubis diminished after arthroscopic surgery that included FAI correction and labral repair. Conclusion: In patients with labral tears, CS and BME were seen more frequently in athletes versus nonathletes, especially contact athletes with FAI-related bony abnormalities. More than 60% of abnormal MRI pubis findings resolved after arthroscopic treatment of FAI.