bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regionalization of climate teleconnections across Central Asian mountains improves the predictability of seasonal precipitation
Authors: Umirbekov Atabek , Peña-Guerrero Mayra Daniela , Müller Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mountains play a critical role in water cycles in semiarid regions by providing for the majority of the total runoff. However, hydroclimatic conditions in mountainous regions vary considerably in space and time, with high interannual fluctuations driven by large-scale climate oscillations. Here, we investigated teleconnections between global climate oscillations and the peak precipitation season from February to June in the Tian-Shan and Pamir Mountains of Central Asia. Using hierarchical climate regionalization, we identified seven subregions with distinct precipitation patterns, and assessed correlations with selected climate oscillations at different time lags. We then simulated the seasonal precipitation in each subregion from 1979 to 2020 using the most prevalent teleconnections as predictors with support vector regression (SVR). Our findings indicate that the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and the Eastern Atlantic/West Russia pattern are among the major determinants of the seasonal precipitation. The dominant lead-lag times of these oscillations make them reliable predictors ahead of the season. We detected notable teleconnections with the North Atlantic Oscillation and Scandinavian Pattern, with their strongest associations emerging after onset of the season. While the SVR-based models exhibit robust prediction skills, they tend to underestimate precipitation in extremely wet seasons. Overall, our study highlights the value of appropriate spatial and temporal aggregations for exploring the impacts of climate teleconnections on precipitation in complex terrains.
The Impact of climate change on electricity demand in the city of Huancayo
Authors: Condori J , Lora G A , Camargo S D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses how climate change affects electricity demand in the city of Huancayo, Peru, in order to find the relationship between electricity demand and temperature in degree Celsius in the last 20 years, using Spearman correlation, based on heating degree days (HDD), cooling degree days (CDD) and electricity demand data in Mw, the conversion of average temperatures to degree days showed that only heating degree days (HDD) were found, our statistical results show that there is a moderate inverse relationship, which means that in the last 20 years the increase in electricity demand was partially due to lower temperatures, since these cause higher heating needs and thus increased electricity demand. It is suggested that the research can be carried out in different parts of Peru, since the results may vary due to the diversity of climates and it is also of utmost importance to work carefully with the temperature data, to have accurate results. This gives us a notion that energy reserves should be prepared, and the use of renewable energies must be implemented with greater emphasis.
Power from a single wave-energy absorber
Authors: Patiyoot D 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wave energy technologies have been around for decades. But for a variety of reasons, including rising oil prices, technological advancements and the sheer grit of a handful of pioneer developers, it has made a huge splash since 2005. This paper presented the result of power absorbed by a single wave-energy absorber. The result showed that maximum mean power was quadratic with exciting force, and more damping coefficient was, the less maximum mean power it became. It was shown that maximum mean power was quadratic with velocity of the body, and the more damping coefficient was, the more maximum mean power it became. It was presented that maximum absorbed power for cylinder oscillating about an axis of symmetry was equal to maximum absorbed power for isolated symmetric bodies and half of the amount of two maximum absorbed power of “cylinder which completely spans the wave-tank and cylinder with cross section”. It was illustrated that graph yielded parabola curve when plotted between maximum absorbed power and cylinder which completely spans the wave-tank, cylinder with cross section and cylinder oscillating about an axis of symmetry, Isolated symmetric bodies. It was depicted that maximum absorbed power is increased when depths of the wave-trains increased both cylinder which completely spans the wave-tank, cylinder with cross section and cylinder oscillating about an axis of symmetry, isolated symmetric bodies. It was finally showed that maximum absorbed power decreased when frequency of the wave-trains increased.
Tilt correction to maximize energy yield from bifacial PV modules
Authors: Barbosa J D , Ansari A S , Manandhar P , Qureshi O A , Rodriguez Ubinas E I , Alberts V , Sgouridis S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ability of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules to generate additional energy from the rear side makes the selection of a tilt angle more challenging than its counterpart monofacial PV. Multiple factors such as site conditions (albedo, average sun-hour ambient temperature, elevation from sea level, diffuse fraction, global horizontal irradiance, and latitude) and PV module specifications (such as bifaciality, power temperature coefficient, and efficiency) can influence the optimum tilt that ensures maximum annual yield of the bifacial PV modules. System Advisor Model (SAM) is used to generate a training dataset of optimal tilt that covers a global range of site conditions and module specifications. Furthermore, we used a Ranker-based feature selection approach to evaluate features and generate a rank-list based on their R-squared score to the dependent variable. From all the available features, the absolute latitude value, sun hour ambient temperature, global horizontal irradiance, and albedo are the most significant features. The best results offer a mathematical model to predict the optimum tilt with the lowest RMSE of 2.135° and an R2 of 0.96 given 8 site and module features.
Transmission Tower Earthing Design for Lightning Condition in Malaysia’s Power Grid
Authors: Mohamad Azwadi , Yahaya Mohd Pauzi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The transmission tower earthing design is installed under the ground to protect nearby personnel and equipment, as well as to improve the line lightning performance. The previous tower earthing design in Malaysia’s grid system was tailored for normal power frequency fault, which are low-frequency in nature. This tower earthing design was not suitable during lightning fault, which is of higher frequency. The previous earthing design practice involves installing radial counterpoises up to 120 meters horizontally from each tower legs to get the tower footing resistance (TFR) reading of 10 Ω or less. This practice is proven to be ineffective in lowering the resistance at higher frequency i.e. lightning strike. This paper discusses a new compact earthing design that has low impedance value at low and high-frequency. The performance of this new earthing design were simulated at various soil resistivity values over a frequency range, and were compared to the performance of previous tower earthing design. The new earthing design were also installed on a number 500kV, 275kV and 132kV towers and their TFR were measured using both low and high-frequency TFR meters. The proposed concentrated earthing design was shown to have low impedance value at both low and high-frequency domain.
Key Points and Best Practices for Successful Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
Authors: Chaowiang Suntaree , Singh Vishakha , Chiraprawattrakun Pornthep , Tangprasert Sumet 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the ever-growing volume of waste around the world, the tackling methods have also expanded. Among these, currently the most prevailing technology is the municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration. If used right, the advantages of the said technology are incredible. In this paper, we will discuss some key points and best practices for a successful MSW incineration and will look into the noteworthy case of Japan in this area.
Spatial Modeling with Repopulation Potential for Three Flora Species of Huaytapallana Regional Conservation Area, Peru
Authors: R. S. N. Bravo Verde , J. P. Castro Pulido , J. V. Cornejo Tueros 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the high mountain ecosystems of the Huaytapallana Regional Conservation Area (ACR-H) there are three species of flora (Krapfia macropetala, Gentianella scarlatinostriata and Senecio canescens) of social, economic, cultural and medicinal importance, however their population status and undefined local distribution make these species area more vulnerable to extinction. Therefore, the objective of this work is to determine the population distribution for repopulation purpose in the ACR-H from the potential distribution in Peru using Maxent algorithm and a local model developed with the Saaty pairwise hierarchy matrix, adding a soil sample for a better application of the final model. The results show that the Species Distribution Models (SDMs) have a high confidence because the Area Under the Curve (AUC) surpass 0.90. Otherwise, the local model is consistent by showing a Consistency Ratio (CR) of less than 0.10. As a final result, all species obtained optimal spaces for repopulation near the Huaytapallana Cordillera, where Krapfia macropetala obtained the largest extension (715.334 ha) and Gentianella scarlatinostriata is the smallest (650.096 ha). Further there were no differences in the parameters evaluated in the three soil samples, which facilitates the application of the models for the repopulation of these three species.
The use of interim products of sugar beet processing to produce a marketable product
Authors: Kulneva N G , Sviridova T V , Agafonov G V , Matvienko N A , Motina E A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sugar beets processing is aimed at obtaining one marketable product - white sugar. Other useful constituents of beet are converted into production waste. Valuable components of the feedstock are removed along with production residuals - mineral and nitrogenous compounds, organic acids and many others. Yellow sugar is the interim product of the white sugar production. Usually, it is not produced as a commercial product. The main goal of this research is to study features of yellow sugar and the possibility to use it as a base for sugar-containing products with functional properties. The feasibility to increase the yellow sugar quality by using affination – removing impurities from a surface, has been explored. The process of affination allows to achieve the final product’s purity 98.0-98.7% and chromaticity less than 140 ICUMSA units. The affination process causes decrease in the number of microbes and volume of mucous-producing microflora in yellow sugar, while thermophilic microorganisms, yeasts, and molds completely disappear. The process of affination causes a decrease in the amount of mineral substances. Despite the volume of minerals in affined yellow sugar still being much higher than in refined (white) sugar, acceptable levels of toxic substances are not exceeded. Yellow sugar after the process of affination contains less sucrose than refined sugar and keeps partially mineral and organic composition of sugar beet. Within the research, we produced the marketable product with enriched composition from affined sugar and sugar syrup that has concentration 70%. The rosehip powder has been used to enrich the product composition, the volume of the rosehip powder was between 1% and 5%.
Influence of abiotic factors of the Middle Cis-Urals on fodder and seed productivity of bird’s-foot trefoil
Authors: Kasatkina N I , Nelyubina Zh S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article analyzes the influence of the abiotic factors of the Middle Cis-Urals and the age of the grass stand on the fodder and seed productivity of the bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) Solnyshko. It was revealed that in 2-4 years of use, the yield of dry matter reaches 5.3-6.4 t/ha. At the same time, bird’s-foot is able to provide a high collection of dry matter, both in arid conditions and with excessive moisture in the growing season. Seed productivity of bird’s foot was higher in the 1st and 2nd years of use – 304 and 163 kg/ha, respectively. Arid conditions of the growing season, especially in the phase of flowering -ripening of seeds, contribute to obtaining a high yield of seeds. Of the seven years of research, conditions close to those indicated were created in 43%.
Snow cover dust pollution in Murmansk and its suburbs
Authors: Vorobievskaya E , Kirillov S , Sedova N , Slipenchuk M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The main goal of the research is to identify the degree of dust pollution in the city of Murmansk in the winter period in connection with the activities of industrial enterprises and transport systems. The study was conducted in the winter of 2018 and 2019 during the expedition of the Department of Environmental Management of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University. Snow sampling was carried out at different distances from pollution sources in various functional areas of the city, taking into account the number of storeys of the building, the features of the relief, wind direction and the distribution of green spaces. Based on a comparative analysis of the organic matter content in snow water and the composition of solid particles, it is concluded that there is a significant presence of coal dust and hydrocarbons in the composition of solid particles in snow. The main pollutant of snow cover is the Murmansk Commercial Port, which is a source of coal dust resulting from unloading and loading operations. The distribution of dust pollution in the city of Murmansk is significantly affected by the prevailing air masses and the relief.
The use of organic fertilizers based on waste mushroom compost in agricultural crop production technologies
Authors: Vinogradov D V , Zubkova T V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents analyses of experimental data on growing agricultural crops with the use of organic fertilizers based on compost obtained by introducing waste mushroom compost into the soil. The presented data of studies carried out in conditions of Ryazan region on a dark gray forest soil allow to conclude that both fresh compost and one-year-old compost had an increase in all biometric indicators of crops. At the same time, fresh compost gave a greater increase. According to the results of the field experiment, the maximum yield for all crops was observed in variants with semi-rotted compost: the yield of spring wheat was 2.82 t/ha (+ 0.23 t/ha to the control); that of spring barley was 3.21 t/ha (+0.17); that of spring rape was 1.77 t/ha (+0.24); that of Vympel potatoes was 27.91 t/ha (+ 4.41); that of Kolobok potatoes was 11.21 t/ha (+1.63); that of edible pea was 2.10 t/ha (+0.21). The test results of composts made it possible to recommend them as an organic fertilizer to optimize nutritional conditions.
Supercritical fluid extraction of oil from medlar (Mespilus germanica l.) seeds
Authors: Farzaliyev E B , Golubev V N , Hafizov G K 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The production of SC CO2 extracts from different types of biologically active raw materials growing in different soil and climatic conditions has been studied and continues to be studied. The object of this study was the bones of a wild medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) growing in Azerbaijan. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal technological parameters of extraction. The experimental part of the work included obtaining oil from medlar seeds by supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide at the extraction plant of the company “SITEC” Switzerland at different technological parameters and determining the content of fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography with mass-selective detection (GC-MS). Data were obtained characterizing the oil yield in a wide range of temperatures (40 …80°C) and pressures (100 …280 bar), as well as its physico-chemical parameters and fatty acid profile. It has been established that the optimal parameters for the extraction process are a pressure of 150-250 bar (preferably 200 bar), a temperature of 40°C, a time of 1 - 1.5 h. The data obtained allow us to get a more complete picture of the biotechnological potential of the local medlar as a raw material for processing by modern extraction methods.
Prediction of carbon distribution in the leaves of birch stands using normative tables
Authors: Vais A A , Gerasimova O A , Melnik A I , Chanchikova S A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The intensity of anthropogenic impact on forests, according to many researchers, will increase in the next twenty years. In this regard, the area of deciduous plantings in the taiga zone will increase. Knowledge of carbon stocks in green biomass will allow the necessary calculations of the carbon budget of forest ecosystems to be made. Birch in the taiga zone is one of the most significant wood carbon sinks, especially in the initial period of growth. The article used a normative approach to assessing the carbon stock in the leaf fraction of birch plantations. As a result, a number of conclusions were drawn. The use of two series of distributions compiled for birch forests of the forest-steppe and taiga zones showed their insignificant difference in relation to the determination of leaf biomass. The disadvantage of using distribution series when estimating the carbon budget is the inherent linear nature of the dynamics, which does not correspond to the real conditions of the age development of the assimilation apparatus. When determining carbon stocks for the leaf fraction, a high percentage of uncertainty is observed, this is noted by many researchers. To improve the accuracy of estimates of the biological productivity of birch plantations, it is necessary to use local standards and local research data to the maximum.
Biogeochemical features of soil formation without parent rock in natural conditions and in an urban environment
Authors: Lisetskii F 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to establish the biogeochemical characteristics of the primary soil formation, separately for natural conditions (protected areas) and urban environment (with incoming technogenic aerosols) for pedogenesis models when there is no parent rock (“upward soil growth”). This makes it possible to assess the contribution of the still poorly studied pedogenesis factors that can form the specific geochemical features of the material composition of soils non-inherited from the parent rock, and without the involvement of biogenic bottom-up migration of elements. We have studied two contrasting regions to perform a comparative analysis of pedogenesis conditions. We have compared embryonic soils on megalithic gabbro-diabase blocks in a 17th century defence wall located on the territory of a natural reserve, 1 km away from the Black Sea coast (ecologically clean area) and a 45-year solid bitumen cover between a thermal power plant and a busy railway (an industrial zone in the central part of the city). In the natural reserve, the average dust deposition rate was 0.82 um yr1 (0.082 mm/100 yr) due to stardust, atmospheric aerosols and biogenic processes of pedogenesis. The mineral part of soils, which had formed on the solid bitumen in 45 years in the city’s industrial zone, differs from the soil developed in 320-350 years without the involvement of the parent rock in the protected area by higher content of V (9 times) and Cr (2 times), as well as CaO, SiO2 and Pb. In the industrial zone of the city, emission dust mostly contributes to the accumulation of V, Cr and Cu in comparison with the pedogenesis conditions in the ecologically clean area, where the rate of solid-phase soil matter accumulation is twice lower due to background aerosols and biogenic factors.
Biological protection of winter wheat against fungal diseases
Authors: Rezvyakova S V , Eremin L P , Tarakin A V , Yu Danilov S , Yu Tarakina V 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of the research is the regulation of the phytosanitary state of winter wheat crops based on the use of biostimulants, biofungicides and chemical fungicides. The article considers the phytosanitary situation of crops, investigates fungal diseases, the degree of their spread, substantiates the use of biological fungicides and biostimulants, analyzes the biological effectiveness of their use, reveals the effect of protective measures on the productivity and quality of grain. The winter wheat variety Moskovskaya 40 was sown on dark gray forest soil. Seeds of the 1st reproduction. The predecessor is buckwheat. The analysis of the results showed that the treatment of winter wheat seeds with the fungicide Scarlet, ME (imazalil + tebuconazole) helped to protect the culture from fungal diseases until the end of June. Double treatment of crops with biofungicide Vitaplan (titer 10 + 10 CFU/g) Bacillus subtilis. Strain VKM-B-2604D + Bacillus subtilis. strain VKM-B-2605D) and the chemical fungicide Amistar Extra, SK (azoxystrobin + cyprocanazole) had a significant effect on reducing the prevalence and development of fungal diseases. The biological effectiveness of the chemical fungicide in comparison with the biological one was higher in the phase of milky-wax ripeness of grain by 23.8%. The increase in yield compared to the control when using biopreparations Nigor (buckwheat bioflavonoids) and Nigor ++ (buckwheat bioflavonoids and exometabolites Trichoderma atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434 in a ratio of components 1: 1) was 7.1%, Vitaplan - 9.5%, Amistar Extra 14.3%.
The effect of the humic preparation BioHumus Grand Flora Victoria on the lettuce productivity
Authors: Blagorodova E N , Varfolomeyeva N I , Zvyagina A S , Nepshekueva T S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The article presents the research results on the effect of the humic preparation BioHumus Grand Flora Victoria on the formation of lettuce crop in a winter glazed heated greenhouse. The sowing qualities of seeds (germination, germination energy) were analyzed when treated with the preparation in solution of different concentrations, while laboratory germination increased by 10-20%. Productivity indicators (the aboveground mass and root system, the number of leaves and their area) were studied when using leaf and root feeding of plants. It was found that the largest plant mass (82.5 g), leaf mass (53.1 g) and their area (806.5 cm2) were obtained by growing lettuce using leaf and root feeding with the 10% preparation solution. The use of leaf dressing alone 1.4-2.2 times increased the lettuce leaves area compared to the control. The biochemical composition of lettuce leaves during the harvesting period showed differences in the dry matter, total sugar, ascorbic acid content. The largest amount of dry matter (10.3%) and vitamin C was the variant with leaf feeding of plants with the 5% preparation solution. The 20% preparation solution, the highest in the experiment, restrained the rate of dry matter, fructose and ascorbic acid accumulation in the production.
Dynamics of concentrations of heavy metals in industrial soils
Authors: Gubasheva B E , Bulekova A A , Tumenov A N , Akkereyeva E K , Kalmagambetova L M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of pollution by heavy metals of 1 and 2 hazard classes of the soil cover of the territory adjacent to the industrial zone of the Aktobe ferroalloy plant. The article evaluates changes in the concentration of heavy metals of various hazard classes in terms of the ecotoxicological indicator in comparison of two periods. In the selected soil samples, the pH value was determined, the gross concentrations of cadmium, copper, zinc, nickel, chromium were determined. An excess of concentrations in the soil has been established: an excess of zinc is on average 1.19 times higher than the MAC, nickel is 5.4 times higher than the MAC, cadmium is 4.2 times higher than the MAC, and chromium is 62.13 times higher than the MAC.