bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal lncRNA HMMR‐AS1 mediates macrophage polarization through miR‐147a/ARID3A axis under hypoxia and affects the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhou Yao , Dong Ke , Zhang Hao , Gong Jun , Wang Shan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAt present, the role of lncRNA in different kinds of tumors has been widely reported, but its role with hypoxic environment and macrophage polarization is still unclear. Therefore, this study tried to clarify the role of exosomal lncRNA in tumor hypoxic environment and macrophage polarization in the process of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and provide a basis for targeted therapy of HCC.MethodsBioinformatics screening of differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA was carried out through GEO database, and the expression of lncRNA HMMR‐AS1 in tumor tissues was detected and verified in HCC tissues. The effects of HMMR‐AS1 on proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and macrophage polarization were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Perform luciferase reporter gene detection and RNA immunoprecipitation to reveal the interaction between HMMR‐AS1, miR‐147a, and ARID3A. At the same time, the JASPAR database and dual luciferase report were used to detect the relationship between HIF‐1α and HMMR‐AS1 transcription regulation. Finally, nanoparticle tracking technology, transmission electron microscopy, and western blot were used to detect the effect of hypoxic environment on exosome secretion.ResultsLncRNA HMMR‐AS1 was significantly up‐regulated in HCC tissues and HCC cells and was related to the poor prognosis. Inhibiting the expression of HMMR‐AS1 could significantly inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Further study of the mechanism showed that HMMR‐AS1 could competitively bind to miR‐147a to prevent the degradation of ARID3A. Exosomes carrying HMMR‐AS1 could promote the M2 polarization of macrophages mediated by this pathway and further accelerate the progression of HCC. In addition, in the hypoxic environment, HIF‐1α promotes its transcription by binding to the HMMR‐AS1 promoter and induces an increase in the number of exosomes secreted.ConclusionIn summary, we first discovered and verified the role of lncRNA HMMR‐AS1 in HCC. In terms of mechanism, the promotion of exosomal HMMR‐AS1 competitive adsorption of miR‐147a under hypoxic environment affects ARID3A‐mediated macrophage polarization. These data provide a new direction for the research on the pathogenesis of HCC and the development of targeted therapy.
Synthetic nanoprobes for biological hydrogen sulfide detection and imaging
Authors: Zhou Yingzhu , Mazur Federico , Fan Qingqing , Chandrawati Rona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous molecule involved in multiple biological and physiological processes, including various diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. This has led to the development of various analytical methods to monitor H2S in biological settings. Among these, fluorescence‐based assays, specifically organic small‐molecule probes, have been thoroughly utilized. They offer good sensitivity and specificity as sensors, and noninvasive detection with high spatiotemporal resolution in in vitro and in vivo imaging. Despite attempts to decrease the rate of photobleaching and enhance the photostability of these dyes, they are still limited by low survival time and complex reagent pretreatment. Fortunately, nanotechnology has been applied to develop effective, highly sensitive, and specific fluorescent nanoprobes. Specifically, nanomaterial‐based H2S probes have emerged as promising candidates for real‐time detection and imaging. In contrast to their organic molecule‐based counterparts, they offer higher versatility in imaging modes due to their unique optical properties, improved photostability and solubility within physiological fluids, as well as easily modifiable surfaces and tuneable structures for improved specificity. Recently, many nanomaterial‐based probes, ranging from inorganic nanoparticles to self‐assembled nanocomposites, have been developed. These have, for the most part, achieved sensitive and specific endogenous H2S detection and in vivo imaging. In this review, we evaluate five different nanomaterials currently being researched to detect and image endogenous H2S within the last 5 years. Furthermore, analytical methods associated with the various signal outputs, current challenges in H2S nanoprobe design, and possible future research interests are outlined and discussed.
Retrospective de‐trending of wind site turbulence using machine learning
Authors: Tough Fraser , Hart Edward 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the removal of low‐frequency trend contributions from turbulence intensity values at sites for which only 10‐min statistics in wind speed are available. It is proposed the problem be reformulated as a direct regression task, solvable using machine learning techniques in conjunction with training data formed from measurements at sites for which underlying (non‐averaged) wind data are available. Once trained, the machine learning models can de‐trend sites for which only 10‐min statistics have been retained. A range of machine learning techniques are tested, for cases of linear and filtered approaches to de‐trending, using data from 14 sites. Results indicate this approach allows for excellent approximation of de‐trended turbulence intensity distributions at unobserved sites, providing significant improvements over the existing recommended method. The best results were obtained using Neural Network, Random Forest and Boosted Tree models.
Financial Forecasting with Word Embeddings Extracted from News: A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Barbaglia Luca , Consoli Sergio , Wang Susan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNews represents a rich source of information about financial agents actions and expectations. We rely on word embedding methods to summarize the daily content of news. We assess the added value of the word embeddings extracted from US news, as a case study, by using different language approaches while forecasting the US S&P500 index by means of DeepAR, an advanced neural forecasting method based on auto-regressive Recurrent Neural Networks operating in a probabilistic setting. Although this is currently on-going work, the obtained preliminary results look promising, suggesting an overall validity of the employed methodology.
Die Betriebswirtschaftslehre und Werturteile – Eine historisch-kritische Analyse und Standortbestimmung
Authors: Fuchs Florian 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung„Die Geschichte wirtschaftlichen Denkens nachzuzeichnen beabsichtigt weder, bildungsbeflissen eine erlauchte Ahnenreihe vorweisen zu können, noch den Pessimisten zu bestätigen: ‚Alles schon einmal dagewesen‘. Vielmehr bezwecken wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen, das Verständnis für die unterschiedlichen Vorgehensweisen (Methoden) zu erleichtern, wie Erkenntnisse in einem Bereich des Forschens gesucht worden sind und werden. Damit erleichtert das Studium der Geschichte der Wirtschaftswissenschaften das Erlernen und Beurteilen […] wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Theorien […].“
Konzeption einer subjektunabhängigen, analytischen Unternehmensethik
Authors: Fuchs Florian 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungBusiness ethics is essential for business. Business ethics is vital not because it is fashionable – though business can ill afford to ignore anything […] that seriously influences the markets in which it operates. Rather, business ethics is necessary because ethical choices are unavoidable. The business ethics challenge is to make that inevitable ethical decision-making explicit so as to make it better.
The COVID-19 pandemic reduced the trauma incidence and modified its pattern in Al-Ain City, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Alao David Olukolade , Cevik Arif Alper , Yasin Yasin Jemal , Jaiganesh Thiagarajan , Abu-Zidan Fikri 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aim
We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pattern of injury and outcome of hospitalized trauma patients in Al-Ain City, United Arab Emirates, to use this information in the preparedness for future pandemics.

Methods
We retrospectively compared the trauma registry data of all hospitalised trauma patients, who were treated at the two main trauma centres in Al-Ain City (Al-Ain Hospital and Tawam Hospital); those who were treated over 1 year before the pandemic (n = 2002) and those who were treated at the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 1468).

Results
There was a 26.7% reduction in the overall incidence of trauma admissions in the COVID-19 pandemic period. The mechanism of injury significantly differed between the two periods (p < 0.0001, Fisher’s exact test). There was an absolute increase in the number of injuries, due to machinery and falling objects during the pandemic (39.7% and 54.1% respectively, p < 0.001). In contrast, road traffic collisions and falls were reduced by 33.5% and 31.3%, respectively. Location significantly differed between the two periods (p < 0.0001, Fisher’s exact test). There was an absolute increase of 18.4% in workplace injuries and a reduction of 39.3% in home injuries over the study period. In addition, we observed relatively more workplace injuries and fewer home injuries during the pandemic (11.3% and 42.8% compared with 7.1% and 52.4%, respectively). Mortality was similar between the two periods (1.8% compared with 1.2%, p = 0.16, Fisher’s exact test).

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has modified the trauma risk exposure in our population. It reduced trauma hospital admissions by around 27%. Work-related injuries, including falling objects and machinery injuries, were relatively higher during the pandemic. Prevention of work-related injuries should be an important component of preparedness for future pandemics.
Partnerschaftliche und familiäre Aspekte bei Krebserkrankungen
Authors: Zimmermann Tanja 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungEine Krebserkrankung stellt nicht nur für die erkrankte Person eine Herausforderung dar, sondern kann auch mit psychosozialen Beeinträchtigungen der Angehörigen, insbesondere der Partner und Partnerinnen und der minderjährigen Kinder, einhergehen. Obwohl Studien zu langfristigen Auswirkungen einer Krebserkrankung auf Partner und Partnerinnen, die Partnerschaft und die kindliche Entwicklung noch selten sind, gibt es Hinweise für die Chronifizierung der psychischen Belastungen von Angehörigen und für Risiken der Entwicklung psychischer Störungen bei Kindern erkrankter Eltern. Darüber hinaus erhöht eine Verschlechterung der partnerschaftlichen Zufriedenheit auch das Trennungsrisiko.In der psychoonkologischen Versorgung sollten daher nicht nur die psychosozialen Belastungen der Erkrankten, sondern auch die der Partner und Partnerinnen und die Auswirkungen auf die Partnerschaft berücksichtigt werden und entsprechende Angebote z. B. zur Erhöhung der partnerschaftlichen und sexuellen Zufriedenheit, der Kommunikation oder dem dyadischen Coping erfolgen. Auch Kinder sollten in der Versorgung als Angehörige betrachtet werden. Ein Fokussieren auf die kindlichen Belastungen sowie auf die Verbesserung der Eltern-Kind-Beziehung und des Erziehungsverhaltens kann Kindern bei der Bewältigung der elterlichen Erkrankung auch langfristig helfen. Somit sollte eine Krebserkrankung immer auf individueller, dyadischer und familiärer Ebene betrachtet werden und psychosoziale Versorgungsangebote sollten auf allen Ebenen erfolgen.
Subcutaneous ICD for more and transvenous ICD for few?!
Authors: Abdin Amr , Aktaa Suleman 
Published: February 2022

AbstractImplantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have been shown to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in primary or secondary prevention with thousands of ICDs implanted every year worldwide. Whilst ICD are more commonly implanted transvenously (TV), this approach carries high risk of peri- and post-procedural complications. Subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) have been introduced to overcome the intravascular complications of TV system by placing all metalware outside the chest cavity for those with an indication for a defibrillator and no pacing requirements. In conclusion, a review of the current guidelines recommendations regarding S-ICD may be needed considering the emerging evidence which shows high efficacy and safety with contemporary devices and programming algorithms. A stronger recommendation may be developed for selective patients who have an indication for single-chamber ICD in the absence of negative screening, recurrent monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, cardiac resynchronization therapy, or pacemaker indication. These criteria encapsulate a large proportion (around 70%!) of all ICD eligible patients.
Thermal vacuum tests for the ESA’s OPS-SAT mission
Authors: Kubicka Manuel , Zeif Reinhard , Henkel Maximilian , Hörmer Andreas Johann 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOPS-SAT is an ESA nanosatellite launched in December 2019. The spacecraft is open for third-party experiments, which can use almost all functions provided by the spacecraft and take full control of it. Depending on the experiment and usage of the payload, the power consumption of the spacecraft may be as small as a few watts but can exceed 30 W at full load. The peak power production lies in the same order of magnitude, which is highly demanding for thermal regulation. This article describes the preparation and execution of the OPS-SAT Thermal Vacuum (TVAC) test campaign and discusses the limitations and restrictions that had to be taken into account, such as technical limitations with respect to mounting the spacecraft inside the TVAC chamber. Additionally, the procedure of identifying a comprehensive test scenario is discussed. The general approach of TVAC tests and the results of one full test cycle are presented, and the key findings are discussed. The goal is to address the problems and limitations that were encountered during the TVAC test campaign and to provide some ideas and suggestions for improvement for the future.
Blindleistungsbereitstellung aus Flächenverteilnetzen – praktische Umsetzung in einem Feldtest
Authors: Kreutziger Marcus , Wende-von-Berg Sebastian , Krahmer Sebastian , Schegner Peter 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen des Beitrags sollen das Potenzial der Blindleistungsbereitstellung und mögliche Regelungskonzepte im Kontext von Redispatch 2.0 dargestellt werden. Ein umfangreicher Feldtest zeigt das Zusammenspiel von Übertragungs- und Verteilnetzbetreibern bezüglich einer spannungsebenenübergreifenden Blindleistungsregelung auf. Neben der Konzeption und Entwicklung aller Systemkomponenten wurden die Funktionalität einer aktiven Blindleistungsregelung und deren Wirkung auf den realen Netzbetrieb evaluiert.
Perennial pasture grass invasion changes fire behaviour and recruitment potential of a native forb in a temperate Australian grassland
Authors: Walker Zac C. , Morgan John W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvasive grasses can modify fire regimes of native ecosystems leading to changed ecosystem structure, composition, and functioning. Temperate grasslands in Australia are currently being invaded by a suite of exotic perennial pasture grasses, but their effects on ecosystems remain largely unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of invasion by the exotic perennial grass Phalaris aquatica on fire behaviour, as well as the regeneration potential of an endangered forb in temperate native grasslands in south-eastern Australia. Frequently burnt native grasslands invaded by exotic grasses were found to have two times more fuel than grasslands dominated by native grasses; in less-frequently burned native grasslands, exotic grasses contributed to fuel loads that were five times higher than native grasslands. Exotic-dominated grasslands burned differently than native grasslands; fire intensities were three times higher in exotic-dominated grasslands and had a wide variability in fire residence times. Soil heating was positively related to fire residence time but had no clear relationship with fire intensity. Seed germinability of Leucochrysum albicans var. tricolor (Hoary Sunray, Asteraceae) was reduced by exotic grass-fueled fire and increasing fire residence times. The observed changes in fire behaviour represent an invasion-driven shift in the ecosystem’s fire regime. By increasing fuel mass, fire residence time increased, and this influenced seed survival and subsequent germinability. Increased fire intensity following invasion highlights that invasive grasses can increase the fire-risk of grasslands. Maintaining native grasslands free of invasive pasture grasses therefore has environmental and fire-risk benefits.
“I tried to control my emotions”: Nursing Home Care Workers’ Experiences of Emotional Labor in China
Authors: Yan Zhe 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite dramatic expansions in the Chinese nursing home sector in meeting the increasing care needs of a rapidly aging population, direct care work in China remains largely devalued and socially unrecognized. Consequently, scant attention has been given to the caregiving experiences of direct care workers (DCWs) in Chinese nursing homes. In particular, given the relational nature of care work, there is little knowledge as to how Chinese DCWs manage emotions and inner feelings through their emotional labor. This article examines the emotional labor of Chinese DCWs through ethnographic data collected with 20 DCWs in one nursing home located in an urban setting in central China. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis and constant comparison. Participants’ accounts of sustaining a caring self, preserving professional identity, and hoping for reciprocity revealed implicit meanings about the often-conflicting nature of emotional labor and the nonreciprocal elements of care work under constrained working conditions. Importantly, the moral-cultural notion ofbao(报 norm of reciprocity) was found to be central among DCWs in navigating strained resources and suggested their agency in meaning-construction. However, their constructed moral buffers may be insufficient if emotional labor continues to be made invisible by care organizations.
Evaluation of ePC-SAFT for pH Calculation in Aqueous Itaconic Acid Solutions at High Ionic Strengths
Authors: Styn Robert , Holtz Arne , Biselli Andreas , Kaminski Sebastian , Jupke Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the context of the raw material change for sustainable production of chemicals, the selected bio-based amino acids and carboxylic acids are considered as promising platform chemicals. After fermentation, the acids are present in aqueous solutions with many side components and elevated ionic strength. The ionic strength is even further increased when pH-shift operations are applied for the separation of the target compounds. Since high ionic strengths strongly affect the solution properties, particularly the solid–liquid-equilibrium and the dissociation equilibrium in the solution, the high ionic strengths and the resulting effects on the solutions must also be taken into account in process modeling and the design of downstream processes. Various models have been reported in the literature but the majority cannot be applied for predicting the solution composition and pH at high ionic strengths. In this work, a procedure for the calculation of the composition, i.e. the distribution of the present species and pH, of aqueous itaconic acid solutions based on ePC-SAFT is developed and evaluated at different levels of ionic strengths. The ePC-SAFT parameters of itaconic acid are determined based on experimental solubility data from literature. The resulting model is validated with experimentally measured titration curves and compared with the ideal model and the Davies approximation to the Debye–Hückel model. It is demonstrated that the ePC-SAFT approach provides reliable results at high ionic strengths with lower deviations from experimental data than current literature models.
Bifurcation analysis and nonlinear dynamics of a capacitive energy harvester in the vicinity of the primary and secondary resonances
Authors: Azizi Saber , Madinei Hadi , Taghipour Javad , Ouakad Hassen M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to examine the effect of nonlinearity on the efficiency enhancement of a capacitive energy harvester. The model consists of a cantilever microbeam underneath which there is an electret layer with a surface voltage, which is responsible for the driving energy. The packaged device is exposed to unwanted harmonic mechanical excitation. The microbeam undergoes mechanical vibration, and accordingly, the energy is harvested throughout the output electric circuit. The dynamic formulation accounts for nonlinear curvature, inertia, and nonlinear electrostatic force. The efficiency of the device in the vicinity of the primary and super-harmonic resonances is examined, and accordingly, the output power is evaluated. Bifurcation analysis is carried out on the dynamics of the system by detecting the bifurcations in the frequency domain and diagnosing their respective types. One of the challenging issues in the design and analysis of energy-harvesting devices is to broaden the bandwidth so that more frequencies are potentially accomodated within the amplification region. In this study, the effect of the nonlinearity on the bandwidth broadening, as well as efficiency improvement of the device, are examined. It is seen that as the base excitation amplitude increases, the vibration amplitude does also increase and accordingly the nonlinearity dominates. The super-harmonic resonance regions emerge and get bigger as the vibration amplitude increases, and pull-in gaps appear in the frequency response curves.
Causal fundamentality
Authors: Hamri Soufiane 
Published: February 2022

AbstractI present an argument for causal fundamentality, understood as the thesis that the causal history of every being, whose existence has a causal explanation, includes some uncaused beings. I argue that this thesis is a consequence of an actualist account of metaphysical modality whose novelty lies in its hybrid dispositional-essentialist foundation. I argue that my modal theory is extensionally correct and minimalistic. Its range of metaphysical necessities and possibilities is just as wide as needed to capture the pre-theoretical notion of modality. Moreover, my theory is immune from the necessitism of standard essentialist accounts of modality and addresses the challenge of global possibilities facing dispositionalist modal theories thanks to its essentialist component.