bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐invasive monitoring and treat‐to‐target approach are cost‐effective in patients with mild–moderate ulcerative colitis
Authors: Cortesi Paolo Angelo , Fiorino Gionata , Peyrin‐Biroulet Laurent , Mantovani Lorenzo Giovanni , Jairath Vipul , Paridaens Kristine , Andersson Fredrik L. , Danese Silvio 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBackgroundThere are no data to assess the value associated with a treat‐to‐target (T2T) strategy based on tight control of mild–moderate ulcerative colitis (UC).AimTo assess the cost‐effectiveness of a T2T approach based on the normalisation of clinical signs and faecal calprotectin (FC)MethodsA decision analytical Markov model was developed to compare T2T algorithm combining clinical symptoms and FC levels to define treatment response and the possible switch to the next treatment line (T2T‐FC), and the reference strategy based only on symptoms. The model included five treatment lines and was conducted from the Italian national health service (NHS) perspective using a 3‐year time horizon. The model calculated the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio as € per relapse avoided. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsThe cost‐effectiveness analysis produced an increased time spent by a patient in clinical remission and FC ≤ 100 level (+0.177 years; about 2 months) and a decreasing number of relapses (−0.1937; −20.9%) per patient using a T2T‐FC approach compared to only symptoms. Furthermore, the T2T‐FC was associated with higher cost (+€1795). The ICER estimated was €9263 per relapse avoided. These results were confirmed by sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsT2T‐FC approach resulted in a higher benefit for mild–moderate UC patients in terms of time in remission and incidence of relapse but was associated with higher costs. Clinical trials and real‐world clinical studies are needed to provide additional data on the cost–benefit of this approach.
Successful combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery for esophago‐mediastinal fistulae
Authors: Takise Shuhei , Nakajima Masanobu , Muroi Hiroto , Ihara Keisuke , Kubo Tsukasa , Kikuchi Maiko , Fujita Junki , Matsudera Shotaro , Inoue Noboru , Yamaguchi Takeshi , Ogino Kei , Nakagawa Masatoshi , Suzuki Kan , Morita Shinji , Nakamura Takatoshi , Kojima Kazuyuki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMinimally invasive surgeries have been developed, not only for gastrointestinal cancer, but also for benign or emergency cases. We report the case of a 62‐year‐old male who underwent laparoscopic and thoracoscopic combined surgery for an esophago‐mediastinal fistula caused by a press‐through package. In the initial laparoscopic phase, transhiatal dissection of the lower thoracic esophagus and harvesting of the greater omentum were performed. In the thoracoscopic phase, resection of the fistula and esophageal wall closure were performed. Thereafter, the greater omentum was lifted via the esophageal hiatus and wrapped around the repaired part of the esophagus for reinforcement. The total operative time was 371 min, with 163 and 208 min for the laparoscopic and thoracoscopic phases, respectively. In total, 20 ml of blood was lost. No perioperative complications or recurrences were observed. Laparoscopic and thoracoscopic combined omentoplasty was effective for refractory esophago‐mediastinal fistula.
Pulmonary transit time has close relation with pulmonary pulse wave transit time in normal subjects
Authors: Zhang Jun , Zheng Xiao‐Zhi , Wu Xu‐Chu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary transit time (PTT) and pulmonary pulse wave transit time (pPTT) are useful parameters for the evaluation of cardiopulmonary circulation and vascular alterations, but their relationship remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between PTT and pPTT.MethodsA total of 60 healthy volunteers were involved in this study. They were divided into two groups (30 participants per group): <50 years and >50 years. They all underwent Doppler echocardiography of pulmonary vein flow and contrast echocardiography with the measurement of pPTT and PTT, respectively. The correlation between PTT and pPTT was deduced.ResultsCompared with Group of <50 years, there was a significant increment in left atrial volume index, left atrial pressure and pulmonary artery stiffness but a significant reduction in acceleration times of pulmonary artery flow in Group of >50 years (p < 0.05). Group >50 years had longer PTT and but reduced normalized PTT by R‐R interval (NPTT), reduced normalized pPTT by R‐R interval (NpPTT) than Group <50 years (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in pPTT between the two groups (p > 0.05). PTT and NPTT were all negatively correlated with pPTT and NpPTT. The statistically significant strongest correlation was observed between PTT and NpPTT (r = −0.886, p < 0.0001). The regression equation for them was y = 7.4396–13.095x (R2 = 0.785; p < 0.001), where x and y represent NpPTT and PTT, respectively.ConclusionPTT had close relation with pPTT in normal subjects. From the regression equation for them, we can get the value of PTT simply and easily by non‐invasively measured pPTT.
Trans‐gnetin H isolated from the seeds of Paeonia species induces autophagy via inhibiting mTORC1 signalling through AMPK activation
Authors: Xia Chao , Wang Guoyan , Chen Lei , Geng Huijun , Yao Junhu , Bai Zhangzhen , Deng Lu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPaeonia is a well‐known species of ornamental plants, traditional Chinese medicines, and emerging oilseed crops. Apart from nutritional unsaturated fatty acids, the seeds of peonies are rich in stilbenes characterized by their wide‐ranging health‐promoting properties. Although the typical stilbene resveratrol has been widely reported for its multiple bioactivities, it remains uncertain whether the trimer of resveratrol trans‐gnetin H has properties that regulate cancer cell viability, let alone the underlying mechanism. Autophagy regulated by trans‐gnetin H was detected by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real‐time PCR. The effects of trans‐gnetin H on apoptosis and proliferation were examined by flow cytometry, colony formation and Cell Counting Kit‐8 assays. Trans‐gnetin H significantly inhibits cancer cell viability through autophagy by suppressing the phosphorylation of TFEB and promoting its nuclear transport. Mechanistically, trans‐gnetin H inhibits the activation and lysosome translocation of mTORC1 by inhibiting the activation of AMPK, indicating that AMPK is a checkpoint for mTORC1 inactivation induced by trans‐gnetin H. Moreover, the binding of TSC2 to Rheb was markedly increased in response to trans‐gnetin H stimulation. Similarly, trans‐gnetin H inhibited the interaction between Raptor and RagC in an AMPK‐dependent manner. More importantly, trans‐gnetin H‐mediated autophagy highly depends on the AMPK‐mTORC1 axis. We propose a regulatory mechanism by which trans‐gnetin H inhibits the activation of the mTORC1 pathway to control cell autophagy.
Cover Image
Authors: Olaniru Oladapo E. , Hook Philippa , Persaud Shanta J. 
Published: November 2022

The cover image is based on the Invited Review Using single‐cell multi‐omics screening of human fetal pancreas to identify novel players in human beta cell development by Oladapo E. Olaniru et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/dme.14992
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Breast cancer classification and segmentation framework using multiscale CNN and U‐shaped dual decoded attention network
Authors: Umer Muhammad Junaid , Sharif Muhammad , Wang Shui‐Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBreast cancer is a mostly diagnosed deadly disease with a high mortality rate that can effectively be cured by early diagnosis and proper treatment. Ultrasound imaging modality is being utilized at a large scale for early diagnosis of this disease due to quick results and cheapness. Manual diagnosis of breast cancer is a laborious task that needs experts and is also subjective which necessitates the accurate diagnosis solution of this disease with help of the computer. This work proposed a combined framework for the classification and segmentation of breast cancer to automate manual diagnosis. A multiscale classification model for the classification of breast cancer into three classes is developed. For the segmentation task, an autoencoder‐based U‐shaped DDA‐Net segmentation model consisting of a dual‐decoded attention mechanism is proposed. For experiments two publically available datasets namely BUSI and UDIAT are utilized. Before the classification task feature selection method of the whale optimization algorithm is implemented and for the classification task different machine learning algorithms are utilized. The proposed method achieved the segmentation dice of 88.68% on the UDIAT dataset and dice of 87.95% on the BUSI dataset with a classification accuracy of 97.89% with a precision score of 97.9%. Results validated that the proposed combined classification and segmentation technique can reliably be implemented to accurately diagnose breast cancer at its initial level.
Monitoring concept for the propagation of compressive fatigue in externally prestressed concrete beams using digital image correlation and fiber optic sensors
Authors: Becks Henrik , Baktheer Abedulgader , Marx Steffen , Classen Martin , Hegger Josef , Chudoba Rostislav 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe fatigue of concrete has been the subject of research for many years, and yet, there are still open questions. In particular, the fatigue‐induced damage evolution accompanied by a stress redistribution process propagating through the concrete structure is still not fully understood. So far, there are only few experimental studies addressing the fatigue propagation through a material zone occurring, for example, in beams with a pulsating, nonuniform stress profile. To investigate the influence of such stress configurations on the material and structural degradation process, a measuring concept has been developed combining digital image correlation, fiber optic sensors, and conventional strain gauges. The presented experiments visualize the propagating fatigue degradation in the compression zone of prestressed concrete beams subjected to fatigue loading. Based on the developed measurement concept, the quantitative foundation for a comprehensive validation of design rules and material models accounting for concrete fatigue can be significantly extended.
On the use of milled shell‐only specimens to study the effect of fiber orientation on the fatigue behavior of a short fiber‐reinforced polyamide
Authors: Canegrati Andrea , Martulli Luca Michele , Hine Peter J. , Grassini Carlo , Bernasconi Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe interpretation of the fiber orientation effects on the fatigue behavior of short fiber‐reinforced polymers using specimens extracted from injection‐molded plates is hampered by the typical shell‐core‐shell structure, which affects the stress distribution through the sample's thickness. In this work, local fatigue strength values are obtained using specimens machined to leave only the outer shell layers, thus having a more homogeneous fiber orientation. Results of the finite element analysis of integer and shell‐only specimens, accounting for locally measured fiber orientations, are compared. Conclusions are drawn about the role of the core layer and the limitations of milled specimens in the evaluation of the fatigue strength.
Practice what you preach: Adoption of internal campus innovations at Dutch research‐intensive universities
Authors: Rymarzak Małgorzata , den Heijer Alexandra , Arkesteijn Monique , Du Preez Mathilda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCampus decision makers are increasingly expected to adopt ‘campus innovations’ (affecting real estate and different facilities), not only from the market and demand‐led (external campus innovations), but also developed by the university's own scientists (internal campus innovations). The adoption of the latter can be driven and hindered by many unique factors that campus decision makers have not dealt with before. To provide insight into them, qualitative data were collected from 13 out of 14 Dutch research‐intensive universities. The results indicate that internal campus innovations are driven by co‐creation stimulation, collaborative partnership, transparency and accountability, and local development contribution. Their adoption, however, may be obstructed by barriers embedded in the interaction between campus decision makers and scientists, organizational university context, funds unavailability and innovations' supply‐pushed characteristics. An increased understanding of these barriers and the practices to overcome them is crucial for universities' campus decision makers to actively engage in the adoption of internal campus innovations.
Narrative review of inpatient nutritional management of anorexia nervosa with management recommendations for Australian tertiary health services
Authors: Hoo Phoebe , Goldschlager Romi , Katsoulis John , Newnham Evan , Harun Nur‐Shirin , Gwee Karen , Silberberg Carol , Russell Nick , Lam Simon , Adithama Esti , Cook Natasha , Weickhardt Andrew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) may experience life‐threatening malnutrition‐related complications requiring inpatient medical stabilisation. Several management guidelines have been developed but discrepancies exist because of limited high‐level evidence.AimsTo review the evidence base for recommendations contained in Victorian health services guidelines for the nutritional management of inpatients with AN.MethodsMEDLINE and Embase databases were searched for published studies on the nutritional management of inpatients with AN, combined with a manual search through citations. Studies including patients with AN aged 16 years and older were included. Case reports, small case series of <10 patients, studies of nonmedical management and studies with an exclusive paediatric population were excluded. The search results were compared with AN inpatient medical management guidelines sourced from large tertiary health services across Victoria, Australia.ResultsThe search yielded 584 studies, subsequently reduced to nine studies using the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results suggest that commencing refeeding at a higher caloric value allows faster weight gain and shorter hospitalisation. Enteral tube feeding is preferential to parenteral nutrition because of infrequent and milder complications. Zinc supplementation showed a doubled rate of body mass index increase compared with placebo. Comparison with Victorian health services guidelines revealed inconsistent recommendations for high‐calorie refeeding and micronutrient supplementation.ConclusionThe evidence supports high‐calorie refeeding of 2000 kcal/day in AN inpatient medical management and zinc supplementation in improving the rate of weight restoration. This is inconsistently reflected in different Victorian health services guidelines. Updated national consensus guidelines could assist in improving consistency of evidence‐based health care.
The PI3K inhibitor pictilisib and the multikinase inhibitors pazopanib and sorafenib have an impact on Rac1 level and migration of medulloblastoma in vitro
Authors: Schoen Leonie F. , Craveiro Rogerio B. , Pietsch Torsten , Moritz Thomas , Troeger Anja , Jordans Silvia , Dilloo Dagmar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMetastatic disease is the leading cause of death in children suffering from medulloblastoma and a major treatment challenge. The evidence of leptomeningeal dissemination defines the most aggressive tumours and is associated with increased mortality; thus, inhibition of migration as a factor involved in the process of metastatic disease is fundamental for the treatment and prevention of metastatic dissemination. Targeting the small Rho GTPases Rac1 has been shown to effectively impair medulloblastoma cell migration in vitro. Yet clinically applicable selective Rac1 inhibitors are still lacking. In view of the pertinent oncogenic role of the PI3K signalling cascade and tyrosine kinase‐mediated signalling pathways in medulloblastoma, we explored clinically available targeted therapeutics to this effect. Here, we show that Rac1 is expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus in the medulloblastoma cell lines Daoy and MEB‐Med‐8A representative of two high risk medulloblastoma entities. We demonstrate that activated Rac1 is subject to substantial downmodulation following administration of the clinically available inhibitor of the PI3K pathway Pictilisib (GDC‐0941) and the multityrosine kinase inhibitors Pazopanib and Sorafenib. The application of those drugs was associated with reduced mobility of the medulloblastoma cells and alterations of the actin skeleton. Of note, PI3K inhibition reveals the strongest anti‐migratory effect in Daoy cells. Thus, our in vitro observations provide new insights into different strategies of blocking Rac1 and inhibiting migration in medulloblastoma employing clinically available agents paving the way for confirmatory studies in in vivo models.
Preservation of mantle heterogeneities and serpentinization signature during antigorite dehydration: The example of the Bergell contact aureole
Authors: Lafay Romain , Baumgartner Lukas P. , Delacour Adélie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMajor, minor, and trace element geochemistry as well as iron oxidation state and isotopes were investigated in serpentinites and olivine‐talc fels present along a metamorphic gradient in the Bergell contact aureole (Central European Alps) to evaluate element mobility during serpentine. This aureole is an ideal target to study dehydration of mantle rocks due to the increase in temperature from greenschist facies conditions (350°C) to amphibolite facies conditions (750°C) at low pressures of 0.4 GPa. Petrography and geochemistry document several events of fluid–rock interaction and metamorphism. Serpentinization of the mantle rocks started on the ocean floor. Subsequent Alpine regional metamorphism led to the formation of antigorite‐serpentinites containing olivine and diopside. These antigorite‐serpentinites were transformed into olivine‐talc fels in a large part of the contact‐aureole. Bulk‐rock major and trace element compositions maintain the geochemical signature of the precursor antigorite‐serpentinites. No apparent changes are indeed observed despite the fact that major dehydration reactions occurred. In addition, changes neither in Fe3+/Fetot ratio nor in δ56Fe values were observed. Local composition variations of antigorite‐serpentinites and olivine‐talc fels reflect chemical heterogeneities related to protolith composition and serpentinization processes on the ocean floor prior to contact metamorphism. Hence, prograde dehydration reactions occurring during contact metamorphism did not induce substantial element mobility, change in redox state, or isotopic fractionation in these contact metamorphic rocks.
Analysis of the hypothalamic oxytocin system and oxytocin receptor‐expressing astrocytes in a mouse model of Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Althammer Ferdinand , Wimmer Moritz Claudius , Krabichler Quirin , Küppers Stephanie , Schimmer Jonas , Fröhlich Henning , Dötsch Laura , Gruber Tim , Wunsch Selina , Schubert Tim , Kirchner Matthew K. , Stern Javier E. , Charlet Alexandre , Grinevich Valery , Schaaf Christian P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hyperphagia, obesity, developmental delay and intellectual disability. Studies suggest dysfunctional signaling of the neuropeptide oxytocin as one of the key mechanisms in PWS, and administration of oxytocin via intranasal or systemic routes yielded promising results in both humans and mouse models. However, a detailed assessment of the oxytocin system in mouse models of PWS such as the Magel2‐deficient Magel2tm1.Stw mouse, is lacking. In the present study, we performed an automated counting of oxytocin cells in the entire paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus of Magel2tm1.Stw and wild‐type control mice and found a significant reduction in the caudal part, which represents the parvocellular subdivision. In addition, based on the recent discovery that some astrocytes express the oxytocin receptor (OTR), we performed detailed analysis of astrocyte numbers and morphology in various brain regions, and assessed expression levels of the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein, which was significantly decreased in the hypothalamus, but not other brain regions in Magel2tm1.Stw mice. Finally, we analyzed the number of OTR‐expressing astrocytes in various brain regions and found a significant reduction in the nucleus accumbens of Magel2tm1.Stw mice, as well as a sex‐specific difference in the lateral septum. This study suggests a role for caudal paraventricular nucleus oxytocin neurons as well as OTR‐expressing astrocytes in a mouse model of PWS, provides novel information about sex‐specific expression of astrocytic OTRs, and presents several new brain regions containing OTR‐expressing astrocytes in the mouse brain.
Bean common mosaic virus and cucumber mosaic virus naturally infectingAristolochiaspp. plants in Brazil
Authors: Bello Vinicius Henrique , Lorenzi Harri José , Rezende Jorge Alberto Marques , Kitajima Elliot Watanabe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn April 2022, Aristolochia plants with symptoms of mosaic were observed in a garden at Jardim Botânico Plantarum, Nova Odessa, São Paulo State, Brazil.Potyviridae‐like particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy in leaf extracts. Total RNA extracted from symptomatic plants used in RT‐PCR with universal and BCMV‐specific primers detected the potyvirus bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). The cucumovirus cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was identified only inAristolochia littoralisplants that tested negative by RT‐PCR for BCMV. Phylogenetic analysis grouped samples of Aristolochia in a different clade among samples ofPhaseolus vulgaris. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the CMV isolate from Aristolochia belongs to the CMV group IA. BCMV was mechanically transmitted to healthy plants ofA. fimbriata,Chenopodium quinoa,P. vulgariscv. Jalo andMacroptilium lathyroides. CMV was mechanically transmitted to plants ofA. fimbriataandC. quinoa. The BCMV and CMV were aphid transmitted only byAphis gossypiito Aristolochia plants. This is the first report of BCMV and CMV infecting Aristolochia plants in Brazil.