bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Soluble and Insoluble Non-Starch Polysaccharides on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Flora of Juvenile Genetic of Improvement of Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Liu Yu , Deng Junming , Tan Beiping , Xie Shiwei , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal flora of juvenile GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated, including the FM diet (0% NSPs, FM), INSP diet (5.8% insoluble NSPs, INSP), SNSP diet (12.2% soluble NSPs, SNSP), and NSP diet (5.8% INSP and 12.2% SNSP, NSPs). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 40 fish (2.14 ± 0.04 g) per repetition for 10 weeks. Results showed that dietary supplementation with different types of NSPs significantly affected the digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal flora of juvenile GIFT tilapia. Specifically, dietary supplementation with INSP significantly increased pepsin and intestinal lipase activity, while dietary supplementation with SNSP significantly decreased intestinal lipase activity and resulted in a significant decrease in plasma catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity activity. Meanwhile, dietary supplementation with SNSP significantly increased the concentration of urea nitrogen and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma and alanine aminotransferase activity in plasma and hepatic. Moreover, LEfSe analysis showed that dietary supplementation with SNSP significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidales, Bacteroidia, and Cellulosilyticum, while dietary supplementation with NSPs significantly decreased the abundance of Mycobacteriaceae, Mycobacterium_neoaurum, Corynebacteriales, and Mycobacterium. These results suggest that dietary INSP is an inert ingredient with limited effect, while dietary SNSP inhabited antioxidant capacity, induced liver damage, and altered the abundance of anaerobic/aerobic bacteria in the intestine of GIFT tilapia.
Effect of PyC Inner Coating on Preparation of 3C-SiC Coating on Quartz Glass by Chemical Vapor Reaction
Authors: Wu Jian , Qian Shengteng , Huo Tongguo , Zheng Jianxin , Zhang Pinlong , Dai Yu , Geng Dongsheng 
Published: May 2022

The cubic polycrystal of SiC (3C-SiC) coating on the quartz glass (QG) surface was successfully prepared via a two-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) by introducing a thin PyC coating as a buffer layer. Through combining the intake system of CVD PyC and CVD SiC, the SiC/PyC composite coating can be in-situ prepared on the QG without halfway in-and-out chamber. The results showed that the SiC/PyC composite coating possesses highly uniform, dense, and continuous features, while the pure SiC coating exhibits many cracks, implying that the internal stress between the SiC coating and the QG can be relieved by adding the PyC buffer coating. The average hardness of the SiC/PyC/QG is measured to be 46.8 GPa, and its calculated modulus is 416.3 GPa by using a nanoindentation technique. Compared to the pure QG, the friction coefficient of the SiC/PyC/QG is slightly increased to 1.47 vs. 1.45. Moreover, the SiC/PyC/QG displays the excellent anti-acid corrosion in the 5%HF and 5%HCl mixed solution with the weight loss of about 33% lower than the pure QG after 8 h acid test at 80°C.
High-Efficient and Broadband Acoustic Insulation in a Ventilated Channel With Acoustic Metamaterials
Authors: Su Zihao , Zhu Yifan , Gao Siyuan , Luo Hao , Zhang Hui 
Published: May 2022

Acoustic insulation in ventilated structures is an important problem in acoustic engineering with many potential practical applications, such as the noise control for ventilating ducts of buildings, vehicles, or air conditioners. Acoustic metamaterial is a good candidate for the design of acoustic insulation for ventilated channel (AIVC) because the structural design with hard boundary has longer lifetime than conventional sound-absorbing cotton. In this paper, an AIVC with an open region and narrow channels of different lengths is proposed. We numerically and experimentally demonstrate its acoustic insulation larger than 20 dB (T &lt; 0.01) within approximately 500–1,200 Hz with a subwavelength channel length of λ/6. The parameter dependence and air flow effect are numerically studied. Our findings show an alternative design of AIVC that may have applications in noise control and architectural acoustics.
A Potent Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor MPT0E028 Mitigates Emphysema Severity via Components of the Hippo Signaling Pathway in an Emphysematous Mouse Model
Authors: Yeh Lu-Yang , Fang Yu-Ting , Lee Hong-Sheng , Liu Chia-Hao , Chen You-Yin , Lo Yu-Chun , Laiman Vincent , Liou Jing-Ping , Chung Kian Fan , Chuang Hsiao-Chi , Lin Chien-Huang 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of chronic mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of a novel potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor MPT0E028 on emphysema.Materials and MethodsA mouse model of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema was orally administered 0, 25, or 50 mg/kg body weight (BW) of the MPT0E028 five times/week for 3 weeks. Pulmonary function, mean linear intercept (MLI), chest CT, inflammation, yes-associated protein (YAP), transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), surfactant protein C (SPC), T1-α, p53, and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) levels were examined.Results50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 significantly decreased the tidal volume in emphysematous mice (p &lt; 0.05). Emphysema severity was significantly reduced from 26.65% (PPE only) to 13.83% (50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028). Total cell counts, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils significantly decreased with both 25 and 50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 (p &lt; 0.05). Also, 50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 significantly decreased the levels of KC, TNF-α, and IL-6 in lung tissues and serum (p &lt; 0.05). Expressions of p-TAZ/TAZ in lung tissues significantly decreased with 50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 (p &lt; 0.05). Expressions of p53 significantly decreased in alveolar regions with 50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 (p &lt; 0.05), and the expression of SPC increased in alveolar regions with 50 mg/kg BW of the MPT0E028 (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsOur study showed that the potent HDAC inhibitor MPT0E028 reduced the severity and inflammation of emphysema with improvement in lung function, which could be regulated by Hippo signaling pathway. The MPT0E028 may have therapeutic potential for emphysema.
The Extent of Gender Gap in Citations in Ophthalmology Literature
Authors: Cao Suqi , Xiong Yue , Zhang Wenhua , Zhou Jiawei , He Zhifen 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo investigate the severity and causes of gender imbalance in the counts of ophthalmology citations.MethodsThe PubMed database was searched to identify cited papers that were published in four journals (Prog Retin Eye Res, Ophthalmology, JAMA Ophthalmol, and Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci) between August 2015 and July 2020, and those that referenced these cited papers by 2021 July (i.e., citing papers). The gender category of a given paper is defined by the gender of the first and last author (MM, FM, MF, and FF; M means male and F means female). A generalized additive model to predict the expected proportion was fitted. The difference between the observed proportion and expected proportion of citations of a paper’s gender category was the primary outcome.ResultsThe proportion of female-led (MF and FF) papers slightly increased from 27% in 2015 to 30% in 2020. MM, FM, MF, and FF papers were cited as −9.3, −1.5, 13.0, and 23.9% more than expected, respectively. MM papers cited 13.9% more male-led (MM and FM) papers than female-led papers, and FF papers cited 33.5% fewer male-led papers than female-led papers. The difference between the observed proportion and expected proportion of MM citing papers within male-led and female-led cited papers grew at a rate of 0.13 and 0.67% per year.ConclusionThe high frequency of citations of female-led papers might narrow the gender gap in the citation count within ophthalmology. These findings show that papers by female-led are less common, so the gender gap might still exist even with their high citation count.
Goal-Directed Mobility of Medical Inpatients–A Mini Review of the Literature
Authors: Heinzmann Jeannelle , Baumgartner Christine , Liechti Fabian D. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundInpatients spend most of their hospitalization in bed, which can lead to negative physical, social, and psychological outcomes, especially in the geriatric population. Goal-directed mobilization involves setting mobility goals with patients and care teams working together toward achieving these goals.MethodsThree different platforms (SCOPUS, Ovid Medline, PubMed) were searched. Search terms included “goal-directed,” “goal-attainment” or “goal-setting,” and “inpatient” or “hospitalization” and “mobility” or “mobilization.” Articles were included if mobility goals were set in acutely hospitalized adults. Studies were excluded if only covering specific illness or surgery.ResultsOne Hundred Seventy three articles were screened for inclusion by two independent reviewers. In the final analysis, 13 articles (5 randomized controlled trials, 2 Post-hoc analyses, 3 quality-improvement projects, 1 pre-post two group analysis, 1 comment and 1 study protocol) were assessed. Goal-directed mobilization improved mobility-related outcomes, i.e., level of mobilization, activity, daily walking time and functional independence. Readmissions, quality of life, discharge disposition and muscle weakness were not significantly altered and there was conflicting evidence regarding length of stay and activities of daily living.ConclusionThere is a lack of evidence of goal-directed mobilization on relevant outcomes due to the low number of studies in the field and the study design used. Further research on goal-directed mobility should use standardized mobility protocols and measurements to assess mobility and the effects of goal-directed mobility more accurately and include broader patient populations.
Association of Circulating Apolipoprotein AI Levels in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tong Jun-hui , Gong Shi-qiang , Zhang Yan-song , Dong Jian-ru , Zhong Xin , Wei Min-jie , Liu Ming-yan 
Published: May 2022

With the development of medicine, our research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been further deepened, but the mechanism of its occurrence and development has not been fully revealed, and there is currently no effective treatment method. Several studies have shown that apolipoprotein AI (ApoA-I) can affect the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease by binding to amyloid β (Aβ). However, the association between circulating levels of ApoA-I and AD remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis of 18 studies published between 1992 and 2017 to determine whether the ApoA-I levels in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are abnormal in AD. Literatures were searched in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases without language limitations. A pooled subject sample including 1,077 AD patients and 1,271 healthy controls (HCs) was available to assess circulating ApoA-I levels; 747 AD patients and 680 HCs were included for ApoA-I levels in serum; 246 AD patients and 456 HCs were included for ApoA-I levels in plasma; 201 AD patients and 447 HCs were included for ApoA-I levels in CSF. It was found that serum and plasma levels of ApoA-I were significantly reduced in AD patients compared with HCs {[standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) (−1.72, −0.59); P = 0.000] and [SMD = −1.13; 95% CI (−2.05, −0.21); P = 0.016]}. Patients with AD showed a tendency toward higher CSF ApoA-I levels compared with HCs, although this difference was non-significant [SMD = 0.20; 95% CI (−0.16, 0.56); P = 0.273]. In addition, when we analyzed the ApoA-I levels of serum and plasma together, the circulating ApoA-I levels in AD patients was significantly lower [SMD = −1.15; 95% CI (−1.63, −0.66); P = 0.000]. These results indicate that ApoA-I deficiency may be a risk factor of AD, and ApoA-I has the potential to serve as a biomarker for AD and provide experimental evidence for diagnosis of AD.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: 325961.
Risk Factors of Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults: A Chinese Single-Center Study
Authors: Tang Mingyu , Han Guangsong , Yao Ming , Peng Bin , Zhu Yicheng , Zhou Lixin , Ni Jun 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThe etiology and risk factor profile of ischemic stroke in young adults are different from those in older patients. However, current etiological classifications are more applicable for the older adults, posing a challenge to the diagnosis of young patients with ischemic stroke. In this study, we applied a modified risk factor categorization previously used in the International Pediatric Stroke Study (IPSS) to describe the risk factor profiles of Chinese young patients with ischemic stroke and explore the sex and age differences in the distribution of risk factors.MethodsThis is a single-center retrospective study. Patients aged 18–50 years with a first-ever ischemic stroke admitted to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2013 and 2020 were consecutively included. The risk factors of patients were collected and divided into 10 categories according to the modified IPSS criteria and the sex and age differences were explored.ResultsA total of 538 patients were enrolled in this study. The median age was 39 years and 62.6% were men. At least one IPSS risk factor category was identified in the 93.3% of all patients. The most common IPSS subtype was atherosclerosis-related risk factors (61.7%), followed by prothrombotic states (27.3%), chronic systemic conditions (24.7%), arteriopathy (16.2%), and cardiac disorders (10.4%). Chronic systemic conditions were more prevalent in patients aged &lt;35 years (34.0 vs. 19.6%, p &lt; 0.05) and women (43.3 vs. 13.6%, p &lt; 0.0001). Atherosclerosis-related risk factors were more dominant in patients aged ≥35 years (72.6 vs. 41.9%, p &lt; 0.0001) and men (77.2 vs. 35.8%, p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionsThe IPSS classification might be a potential tool to better identify the risk factors of ischemic stroke in young adults.
Association of Acupuncture and Auricular Acupressure With the Improvement of Sleep Disturbances in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wan Qingyun , Luo Shuting , Wang Xiaoqiu , Tian Qianmo , Xi Hanqing , Zheng Shiyu , Fang Qinqin , Chen Hao , Wu Wenzhong , Pan Rui 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundStudies on the efficacy of acupuncture and auricular acupressure on sleep disturbances in cancer patients have been growing, but there is no specific and comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. This review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and auricular acupressure on sleep disturbances in cancer survivors based on existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs).MethodsFour English-language and four Chinese-language biomedical databases were searched for RCTs published from database inception to July 30, 2021. RCTs comparing acupuncture and auricular acupressure with sham control, drug therapy, behavior therapy, or usual care for managing cancer were included. The quality of RCTs was appraised with the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias (ROB) tool. Mean differences (MDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the effect sizes.ResultsThirteen RCTs with 961 patients were included. The risk of performance bias or reporting bias for most of the included trials was high or unclear. Evidence was not found for short-term effects on sleep scales compared to sham control (MD, 1.98; 95% CI, 0.33–3.64; p = 0.02; I2 = 36%), wait list control (MD, 0.40; 95% CI, −0.87–1.68; p = 0.54; I2 = 49%), drug therapy (MD, 1.18; 95% CI, −3.09–5.46; p = 0.59; I2 = 98%). For long-term effect, two sham-controlled RCTs showed no significance of acupuncture on insomnia scale scores (MD, 1.71; 95% CI, −2.38–5.81; p = 0.41; I2 = 89%). Subgroup analyses suggested no evidence that auricular acupressure (MD, 3.14; 95% CI=1.52, 4.76; p = 0.0001; I2 = 0%) or acupuncture (MD, 0.54; 95% CI=−1.27, 2.34; p = 0.56; I2 = 0%) was associated with the reduction in insomnia scale scores.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis found no evidence about acupuncture or auricular acupressure in the improvement of sleep disturbances in cancer survivors in terms of short- or long-term effect. Adverse events were minor. The finding was inconsistent with previous research and suggested that more well-designed and large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to identify the efficacy of acupuncture and auricular acupressure for sleep disturbances in cancer survivors.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, CRD42020171612.
Defining a Standard Set of Patient-Reported Outcomes for Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Escudero-Vilaplana Vicente , Bernal Elsa , Casado Gema , Collado-Borrell Roberto , Diez-Fernández Raúl , Fernández Román Ana Beatriz , Folguera Carlos , González-Cortijo Lucía , Herrero-Fernández Marta , Marquina Gloria , Martínez Nieto Concepción , Rodríguez Miguel Angel , Rubio Ana Rosa , Sanmartin-Fenollera Patricia , Vazquez Castillo Maria José , Comellas Marta , Guerra Eva Maria 
Published: May 2022

PurposeAdvanced ovarian cancer (AOC) and its treatment cause several symptoms and impact on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We aim to reach a consensus on the most relevant patient-reported outcome (PROs), the corresponding measures (PROMs), and measurement frequency during AOC patients’ follow-up from patients’ and healthcare professionals’ (HCP) perspective.MethodsThe project comprised five steps: 1) a literature review, 2) a focus group with patients, 3) a nominal group with HCP, 4) two round-Delphi consultations with patients and HCP, and 5) a final meeting with HCP. Delphi questionnaire was elaborated based on literature review, focus group (n=5 patients), and nominal group (n=16 HCP). The relevance of each PRO and the appropriateness (A) and feasibility (F) of the proposed PROM were assessed (Likert scale 1=strongly agree; 9=strongly disagree). The consensus was reached when at least 75% of the panelists rated it as ‘relevant’, ‘appropriate’, or ‘feasible’ (score 7-9).ResultsA total of 56 HCP [51.8% Hospital Pharmacy; 41.1% Oncology; 3.6% Nursing; and 3.6% Psycho-oncology; mean time in specialty 12.5 (8.0) years] and 10 AOC patients [mean time diagnosis 5.4 (3.0) years] participated in the 1st round. All PROs achieved consensus regarding their relevance, except dry skin (58.0%). Agreement was reached for PRO-CTCAE to be used to assess fatigue (A:84.9%; F:75.8%), neuropathy (A:92.4%; F:77.3%), diarrhea (A:87.9%; F:88.7%), constipation (A:86.4%; F:75.8%), nausea (A:89.4%; F:75.8%), insomnia (A:81.8%; F:88.7%), abdominal bloating (A:82.2%; F:82.2%) and sexuality (A:78.8%; F:88.6%); EQ-5D to determine patients’ HRQoL (A:87.9%; F:80.3%), pain (A:87.9%; F:75.8%) and mood (A:77.7%; F:85.5%); to assess treatment adherence the Morisky-Green (A:90.9%; F:84.9%) and the dispensing register (A:80.3%; F:80.3%) were chosen. It was agreed to note in the medical record whether the patient’s treatment preferences had been considered during decision-making (A:78.8%; F:78.8%) and to use a 5-point Likert scale to assess treatment satisfaction (A:86.4%; F:86.4%). Panelists agreed (A:92.4%; F: 77.3%) to collect these PROs (1) at the time of diagnosis/relapse; (2) one month after starting treatment/change therapeutic strategy; (3) every three months during the 1st-year of treatment; and later (4) every six months until treatment completion/change.ConclusionsThe consensus reached represents the first step towards including the patient’s perspective in AOC follow-up. The standardized collection of PROs in clinical practice may contribute to optimizing the follow-up of these patients and thus improving the quality of care.
The Impact of Maternal Obesity on NICU and Newborn Nursery Costs
Authors: Azher Sharmeen , Pinheiro Joaquim M. B. , Philbin Brendan , Gifford Jamie , Khalak Rubia 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundResearch on the effects of maternal obesity on neonates has focused on clinical outcomes. Despite growing interest in obesity as a driver of healthcare expenditure, the financial impact of maternal obesity in the neonatal setting is little understood.ObjectiveTo determine if maternal obesity is associated with higher incurred costs in NICU and full-term nursery.MethodsData for all live births (1/1/14–12/31/19) at our academic medical center was obtained from the New York State Perinatal Data System for infants &gt;23 weeks gestational age. Financial data was obtained from the hospital's cost-processing application. Infants with missing clinical and/or financial data were excluded. The NIH definition of obesity was used (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) to separate infants born to obese and non-obese mothers. Student's t-tests and chi square tests were used to compare maternal data, delivery, and infant outcomes between both groups. A logistic regression model was used to compare infant outcomes using odds ratios while controlling for maternal risk factors (smoking status, pre-pregnancy and gestational diabetes, pre-pregnancy and gestational hypertension). Multivariate regression analysis adjusting for maternal risk factors was also used to compare length-of-stay, total and direct costs in the NICU and full-term nursery between infant groups.ResultsOf the 11,610 pregnancies in this retrospective study, obese mothers more frequently had other risk factors (smoke, pre-pregnancy and gestational diabetes, and pre-pregnancy and gestational hypertension). Infants born to obese mothers were more often preterm, had Cesarean delivery, lower APGAR scores, required assisted ventilation in the delivery room, and required NICU admission. Adjusting for maternal risk factors, infants born to obese mothers were less frequently preterm (OR 0.82 [0.74–0.91], p &lt; 0.01) and had NICU stays (OR 0.98 [0.81–0.98], p = 0.02), but more frequently had Cesarean births (OR 1.54 [1.42–1.67], p &lt; 0.01). They also had longer adjusted LOS (2.03 ± 1.51 vs. 1.92 ± 1.45 days, p &lt; 0.01) and higher mean costs per infant in the full-term nursery ($3,638.34 ± $6,316.69 vs. $3,375.04 ± $4,994.18, p = 0.03) but not in NICU.ConclusionsMaternal obesity correlates with other risk factors. Prolonged maternal stay may explain increased LOS and costs in the full-term nursery for infants born to obese mothers, as infants wait to be discharged with mothers.