bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balanced mitochondrial and cytosolic translatomes underlie the biogenesis of human respiratory complexes
Authors: Soto Iliana , Couvillion Mary , Hansen Katja G. , McShane Erik , Moran J. Conor , Barrientos Antoni , Churchman L. Stirling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes consist of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded subunits. Their biogenesis requires cross-compartment gene regulation to mitigate the accumulation of disproportionate subunits. To determine how human cells coordinate mitochondrial and nuclear gene expression processes, we tailored ribosome profiling for the unique features of the human mitoribosome.

Results
We resolve features of mitochondrial translation initiation and identify a small ORF in the 3′ UTR of MT-ND5. Analysis of ribosome footprints in five cell types reveals that average mitochondrial synthesis levels correspond precisely to cytosolic levels across OXPHOS complexes, and these average rates reflect the relative abundances of the complexes. Balanced mitochondrial and cytosolic synthesis does not rely on rapid feedback between the two translation systems, and imbalance caused by mitochondrial translation deficiency is associated with the induction of proteotoxicity pathways.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, we propose that human OXPHOS complexes are synthesized proportionally to each other, with mitonuclear balance relying on the regulation of OXPHOS subunit translation across cellular compartments, which may represent a proteostasis vulnerability.
The recombination landscape of the Khoe-San likely represents the upper limits of recombination divergence in humans
Authors: van Eeden Gerald , Uren Caitlin , Pless Evlyn , Mastoras Mira , van der Spuy Gian D. , Tromp Gerard , Henn Brenna M. , Möller Marlo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Recombination maps are  important resources for epidemiological and evolutionary analyses; however, there are currently no recombination maps representing any African population outside of those with West African ancestry. We infer the demographic history for the Nama, an indigenous Khoe-San population of southern Africa, and derive a novel, population-specific recombination map from the whole genome sequencing of 54 Nama individuals. We hypothesise that there are no publicly available recombination maps representative of the Nama, considering the deep population divergence and subsequent isolation of the Khoe-San from other African groups.

Results
We show that the recombination landscape of the Nama does not cluster with any continental groups with publicly available representative recombination maps. Finally, we use selection scans as an example of how fine-scale differences between the Nama recombination map and the combined Phase II HapMap recombination map can impact the outcome of selection scans.

Conclusions
Fine-scale differences in recombination can meaningfully alter the results of a selection scan. The recombination map we infer likely represents an upper bound on the extent of divergence we expect to see for a recombination map in humans and would be of interest to any researcher that wants to test the sensitivity of population genetic or GWAS analysis to recombination map input.
Low-complexity deep unfolded neural network receiver for MIMO systems based on the probability data association detector
Authors: Souza Pedro H. C. de , Mendes Luciano L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe interest on applications where machine learning algorithms and communications are combined has been on a rising in recent years. Machine learning and neural networks are being advocated as a way of improving the performance of several functions across all layers of future communication systems. Furthermore, in applications where complexity reduction is essential for the system feasibility at the cost of an affordable performance loss, more efficient systems might be achieved with the aid of machine learning algorithms. Signal detection for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has become a hot topic in recent years given its prominent role in fourth and fifth generations of mobile networks. However, the computational complexity in MIMO systems can become prohibitive when the number of antennas increases. Therefore, by leveraging neural networks architectures we propose a deep unfolded detector, whereby the algorithm of the probability data association (PDA) detector is adapted and enhanced by means of neural network learning capabilities. We unveil that the proposed detector is orders-of-magnitude less complex than the PDA detector, yet presenting no severe penalties in performance in terms of bit error rate (BER).
The burden of bacterial skin infection, scabies and atopic dermatitis among urban-living Indigenous children in high-income countries: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Ricciardo Bernadette M. , Kessaris Heather-Lynn , Kumarasinghe Sujith Prasad , Carapetis Jonathan R. , Bowen Asha C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundBacterial skin infections and scabies disproportionately affect children in resource-poor countries as well as underprivileged children in high-income countries. Atopic dermatitis is a common childhood dermatosis that predisposes to bacterial skin infection. In Australia, at any one time, almost half of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children living remotely will have impetigo, and up to one-third will also have scabies. Yet, there is a gap in knowledge of the skin infection burden for urban-living Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, as well as atopic dermatitis which may be a contributing factor. The objective of this study is to provide a global background on the burden of these disorders in Indigenous urban-living children in high-income countries. These countries share a similar history of colonisation, dispossession and subsequent ongoing negative impacts on Indigenous people.MethodsThis protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols statement. Observational studies reporting incidence and/or prevalence data on bacterial skin infection, scabies and/or atopic dermatitis in urban-living Indigenous children in high-income countries will be included. Literature searches will be conducted in several international electronic databases (from 1990 onwards), including MEDLINE, Embase, EmCare, Web of Science and PubMed. Reference lists and citation records of all included articles will be scanned for additional relevant manuscripts. Two investigators will independently perform eligibility assessment of titles, abstract and full-text manuscripts, following which both investigators will independently extract data. Where there is disagreement, the senior author will determine eligibility. The methodological quality of selected studies will be appraised using an appropriate tool. Data will be tabulated and narratively synthesised. We expect there will be insufficient data to perform meta-analysis.DiscussionThis study will identify and evaluate epidemiological data on bacterial skin infection, scabies and atopic dermatitis in urban-living Indigenous children in high-income countries. Where available, the clinical features, risk factors, comorbidities and complications of these common childhood skin disorders will be described. The evidence will highlight the burden of disease in this population, to contribute to global burden of disease estimates and identify gaps in the current literature to provide direction for future research.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42021277288
A novel study for hybrid pair of multivalued dominated mappings in b-multiplicative metric space with applications
Authors: Rasham Tahair , De La Sen Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to prove some new fixed point results for a pair of multivalued dominated locally contractive mappings in b-multiplicative metric space. Further, fixed point theorems for multigraph-dominated mappings are also established. Some new fixed point results on a closed ball are obtained for a pair of multigraph-dominated mappings endowed with graphic structure in b-multiplicative metric space. An illustrative example is given to show the validity of the hypothesis of our obtained result. Moreover, applications for a coupled system of nonlinear Volterra-type integral equations and functional equations in dynamic programming are presented to show the novelty of our results.
Continuum of maternal and newborn health in Sierra Leone: a 2019 national survey
Authors: Sserwanja Quraish , Mutisya Linet M. , Nuwabaine Lilian , Kamara Kassim , Mutebi Ronald K. , Musaba Milton W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionGlobally, Sierra Leone has some of the worst maternal and child health indicators. The situation is worsened by a dearth of evidence about the level of continuum of care, an evidence-based intervention aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hence this study aimed to assess the level of and factors associated with continuum of maternal and newborn care in Sierra Leone.MethodThis study analyzed secondary data from the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey. Analysis was restricted to women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey (n = 7326). Complete continuum of care was considered when a woman reported having had at least eight antenatal care contacts, skilled birth attendance and mother and baby had at least one postnatal check-up. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression were performed using the statistical package for the social sciences software version 25.ResultsOnly 17.9% (95% CI: 17.4–19.1) of the women utilized complete continuum of care for maternal and newborn health services in Sierra Leone. About 22% (95% CI: 21.3–23.1) utilized 8 or more antenatal care contacts, 88% (95% CI: 87.9–89.4) had skilled birth attendance while 90.7% (95% CI: 90.2–91.5) and 90.4% (95% CI: 89.9–91.2) of mothers and neonates utilized postnatal care respectively. Having started antenatal care within the first trimester (aOR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.46–2.00), being resident in the Southern region (aOR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.23–2.80), belonging to richer wealth quintile (aOR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.27–2.44), using internet (aOR 1.49, 95% CI: 1.12–1.98) and having no big problems seeking permission to access healthcare (aOR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.06–1.69) were significantly associated with utilization of continuum of care.ConclusionThe overall completion of continuum of maternal care is low, with ANC being the lowest utilized component of continuum of care. These findings call for urgent attention for maternal health stakeholders to develop and implement tailored interventions prioritizing women empowerment, access to affordable internet services, timely initiation of ANC contacts, women in developed regions such as the Western and those from poor households.
Effect of goal-directed haemodynamic therapy guided by non-invasive monitoring on perioperative complications in elderly hip fracture patients within an enhanced recovery pathway
Authors: Lorente Juan V. , Reguant Francesca , Arnau Anna , Borderas Marcelo , Prieto Juan C. , Torrallardona Jordi , Carrasco Laura , Solano Patricia , Pérez Isabel , Farré Carla , Jiménez Ignacio , Ripollés-Melchor Javier , Monge Manuel I. , Bosch Joan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Goal-directed haemodynamic therapy (GDHT) has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality in high-risk surgical patients. However, there is little evidence of its efficacy in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GDHT guided by non-invasive haemodynamic monitoring on perioperative complications in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Methods
Patients > 64 years undergoing hip fracture surgery within an enhanced recovery pathway (ERP) were enrolled in this single-centre, non-randomized, intervention study with a historical control group and 12-month follow-up. Exclusion criteria were patients with pathological fractures, traffic-related fractures and refractures. Control group (CG) patients received standard care treatment. Intervention group (IG) patients received a GDHT protocol based on achieving an optimal stroke volume, in addition to a systolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg and an individualized cardiac index. No changes were made between groups in the ERP during the study period. Primary outcome was percentage of patients who developed intraoperative haemodynamic instability. Secondary outcomes were intraoperative arrhythmias, postoperative complications (cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious and renal complications), administered fluids, vasopressor requirements, perioperative transfusion, length of hospital stay, readmission and 1-year survival.

Results
In total, 551 patients (CG=272; IG=279) were included. Intraoperative haemodynamic instability was lower in the IG (37.5% vs 28.0%; p=0.017). GDHT patients had fewer postoperative cardiovascular (18.8% vs 7.2%; p < 0.001), respiratory (15.1% vs 3.6%; p<0.001) and infectious complications (21% vs 3.9%; p<0.001) but not renal (12.1% vs 33.7%; p<0.001). IG patients had less vasopressor requirements (25.5% vs 39.7%; p<0.001) and received less fluids [2.600 ml (IQR 1700 to 2700) vs 850 ml (IQR 750 to 1050); p=0.001] than control group. Fewer patients required transfusion in GDHT group (73.5% vs 44.4%; p<0.001). For IG patients, median length of hospital stay was shorter [11 days (IQR 8 to 16) vs 8 days; (IQR 6 to 11) p < 0.001] and 1-year survival higher [73.4% (95%CI 67.7 to 78.3 vs 83.8% (95%CI 78.8 to 87.7) p<0.003].

Conclusions
The use of GDHT decreases intraoperative complications and postoperative cardiovascular, respiratory and infectious but not postoperative renal complications. This strategy was associated with a shorter hospital stay and increased 1-year survival.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02479321.
A significant quantitative trait locus on chromosome Z and its impact on egg production traits in seven maternal lines of meat-type chicken
Authors: Ding Jiqiang , Ying Fan , Li Qinghe , Zhang Gaomeng , Zhang Jin , Liu Ranran , Zheng Maiqing , Wen Jie , Zhao Guiping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Egg production is economically important in the meat-type chicken industry. To better understand the molecular genetic mechanism of egg production in meat-type chicken, genetic parameter estimation, genome-wide association analyses combined with meta-analyses, Bayesian analyses, and selective sweep analyses were performed to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other genetic loci that were significantly associated with egg number traits in 11,279 chickens from seven material lines.

Results
Yellow-feathered meat-type chickens laid 115 eggs at 43 weeks of age and white-feathered chickens laid 143 eggs at 60 weeks of age, with heritability ranging from 0.034–0.258. Based on meta-analyses and selective sweep analyses, one region (10.81–13.05 Mb) on chromosome Z was associated with egg number in all lines. Further analyses using the W2 line was also associated with the same region, and 29 SNPs were identified that significantly affected estimation of breeding value of egg numbers. The 29 SNPs were identified as having a significant effect on the egg number EBV in 3194 birds in line W2. There are 36 genes in the region, with glial cell derived neurotrophic factor, DAB adaptor protein 2, protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1, NAD kinase 2, mitochondrial, WD repeat domain 70, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha, complement C6, and complement C7 identified as being potentially affecting to egg number. In addition, three SNPs (rs318154184, rs13769886, and rs313325646) associated with egg number were located on or near the prolactin receptor gene.

Conclusion
Our study used genomic information from different chicken lines and populations to identify a genomic region (spanning 2.24 Mb) associated with egg number. Nine genes and 29 SNPs were identified as the most likely candidate genes and variations for egg production. These results contribute to the identification of candidate genes and variants for egg traits in poultry.
Re-emerging threat of Trypanosoma cruzi vector transmission in El Salvador, update from 2018 to 2020
Authors: Rodríguez Marvin Stanley , Nitahara Yuko , Cornejo Michelle , Siliezar Kevin , Grande Rafael , González Ana , Tasaki Kotaro , Nakagama Yu , Michimuko Yu , Onizuka Yoko , Nakajima-Shimada Junko , Romero José Eduardo , Palacios José Ricardo , Arias Carmen Elena , Mejía William , Kido Yasutoshi , Cardona Alvarenga Ricardo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Since the late twentieth century, Chagas disease gained global attention to suppress the vector burden as a main control strategy in endemic countries. In Central America, multi-national initiative successfully achieved significant reduction in the estimated disease prevalence as well as elimination of the region’s principal vector species at the time in 2012. While the last decade has witnessed significant changes in ecosystem—such as urbanization and replacement of the main vector species—that can possibly affect the vector’s habitation and residual transmission, the up-to-date vector burden in the region has not been evaluated thoroughly due to the cessation of active vector surveillance. The aim of this study was to update the risk of vector-borne Trypanosoma cruzi infection in El Salvador, the top Chagas disease-endemic country in Central America.

Methods
A nationwide vector survey was conducted in the domestic environment of El Salvador from September 2018 to November 2020. The selection of the houses for inspection was based on expert purposeful sampling. Infection for T. cruzi was examined by microscopic observation of the insects’ feces, followed by a species confirmation using PCR. The data were analyzed using R software version 4.1.3. Proportion estimates with 95% confidence intervals were inferred using the Jeffrey’s method provided under the epiR package.

Results
A total of 1529 Triatoma dimidiata was captured from 107 houses (infestation rate, 34.4%; 107/311) in all the fourteen departments of the country visited within the period; prevalence of T. cruzi infection was as high as 10% (153/1529). In the country, domestic T. dimidiata infestation was distributed ubiquitously, while T. cruzi infection rates varied across the departments. Five out of fourteen departments showed higher infection rates than the average, suggesting sporadic high-risk areas in the country.

Conclusions
Our comprehensive study revealed substantial T. cruzi infection of T. dimidiata across the country, indicating potential active transmission of the disease. Therefore, strengthened surveillance for both vector and human infection is required to truly eliminate the risk of T. cruzi transmission in Central America.
Impact of smart combinations of graphene oxide and micro/nanosized sulfur particles on soil health and plant biomass accumulation
Authors: Hammerschmiedt Tereza , Holatko Jiri , Huska Dalibor , Kintl Antonin , Skarpa Petr , Bytesnikova Zuzana , Pekarkova Jana , Kucerik Jiri , Mustafa Adnan , Radziemska Maja , Malicek Ondrej , Vankova Lenka , Brtnicky Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Elemental sulfur (S0) is a cost-efficient fertilizer and the least rapidly utilizable source of S for soil microorganisms and plants. Its bacterial-mediated oxidation to sulfates is dependent on particle size. Finely formulated (micronized, nanosized) S0 exerts enhanced oxidation rate and benefit due to nutrient availability and crop nutrition efficiency. Graphene oxide (GO) affects soil properties both negatively and positively. A pot experiment was carried out with lettuce using soil supplemented with S0 in different composition, applied alone or in combination with GO. The following variants were tested: control, GO, micro-S0, micro-S0 + GO, nano-S0, nano-S0 + GO.

Results
Nanosized S0 improved most of enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, arylsulfatase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, β-glucosidase, phosphatase). However, respirations induced by d-glucose, protocatechuic acid, l-arginine were decreased. GO mitigated negative to neutral effect of micro-S0 in the soil pH, dehydrogenase and urease activity. Furthermore, micro-S0 positively affected basal respiration and respirations induced by d-trehalose and N-acetyl-β-d-glucosamine. Nano-S0 + GO improved plant biomass yield and enzyme activities. However, nano-S0 + GO significantly decreased all substate-induced respirations.

Conclusions
The benefit of soil treatment with nano-/micro-sized S0 and its combination with GO on soil biological parameters was partially demonstrated.

Graphical Abstract
Stakeholder perspectives on hiring teaching-focused faculty at research-intensive universities
Authors: Harlow Ashley N. , Buswell Natascha T. , Lo Stanley M. , Sato Brian K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Teaching-focused faculty positions have grown in popularity in higher education and provide novel opportunities to transform undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. The University of California (UC) system employs a unique teaching-focused faculty position, officially called the Lecturer with Potential Security of Employment (L(P)SOE), with the working title called Professor of Teaching (PoT). The UC PoT position is a tenure-track position with teaching as the primary tenure expectation. We present findings from interviews with stakeholder faculty in STEM departments at three UC campuses to identify reasons for hiring PoT, capture accomplishments of PoT in their departments and disciplinary fields, and identify potential barriers to PoT success.

Results
Overall, this study highlights stakeholder’s perspectives on the value of teaching-focused faculty in research-intensive universities. Stakeholders described the goals for hiring Professors of Teaching, which included easing the burden of teaching responsibilities of the departments and adding consistency of instruction. While the stakeholders expressed that PoT were meeting the goals for being hired, they also identified many barriers for PoT being fully integrated and successful. The stakeholders expressed concern about unclear and unfair expectations related to tenure and promotion.

Conclusions
The findings point to a general undervaluing and underappreciation of teaching-focused faculty and suggest that in order for PoT to have a positive impact on STEM higher education, they need more support and inclusion from their colleagues and institutions.