bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waitlist and posttransplantation outcomes of lean individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Ochoa‐Allemant Pedro , Trivedi Hirsh D. , Saberi Behnam , Bonder Alan , Fricker Zachary P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lean individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represent a subset of patients with a distinct risk factor profile. We assessed the association between body mass index (BMI) on waitlist and postliver transplantation (LT) outcomes among these patients. We retrospectively analyzed the United Network for Organ Sharing data, including adult patients with NAFLD listed for LT between February 27, 2002, and June 30, 2020. We first used competing risk analyses to estimate the association of BMI with waitlist removal due to death or clinical deterioration. We then conducted Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox regression models to determine the impact of weight change during the waiting list on all‐cause mortality and graft failure after LT. Patients with normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) suffered higher waitlist removal (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–1.43; p = 0.001) compared with patients with obesity class I (BMI 30–34.9 kg/m2). Those who remained at normal weight had higher all‐cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.61, 95% CI 1.32–1.96; p <0.001) and graft failure (aHR 1.57, 95% CI 1.32–1.88; p <0.001) than patients with stable obesity. Among patients with normal weight, those with the greatest weight increase (BMI gain ≥3 kg/m2) had lower all‐cause mortality (aHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.33–0.93; p = 0.03) and graft failure (aHR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30–0.81; p = 0.01) compared with patients with stable weight (BMI change ≤1 kg/m2). Patients with NAFLD with normal weight have increased waitlist removal and those who remained at normal weight during the waitlist period have worse posttransplantation outcomes. Identifying and addressing factors influencing apparent healthy weight prior to LT are crucial to mitigate poor outcomes.
Excellent Crystallinity and Stability Covalent–Organic Frameworks with High Emission and Anions Sensing
Authors: Wan Jieqiong , Shi Wei , Li Yan , Yu Yue , Wu Xiaohan , Li Zhongping , Lee Seung Yong , Lee Kyu Hyoung 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCovalent–organic frameworks (COFs) are a new class of porous crystalline frameworks with high π‐conjugation and periodical skeletons. The highly ordered π‐conjugation structures in some COFs allow exciton migration and energy transfer over the frameworks, which leads to good fluorescence probing ability. In this work, two COFs (TFHPB‐TAPB‐COF and TFHPB‐TTA‐COF) are successfully condensed via the Schiff base condensation reaction. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds between imine bonds and hydroxyl groups form the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) strategy. Owing to intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the skeleton, the two COFs show high crystallinity, remarkable stability, and excellent luminescence. The COFs represent a good sensitivity and selectivity to fluoride anions via fluorescence turn‐off. Other halogen anions (chloride, bromide, and iodine) and acid anions (nitrate and hydrogen carbonate) remain inactive. These results imply that only fluoride anion is capable of opening the hydrogen bond interaction and hence break the ESIPT strategy. The detection limit toward fluoride anion is down to nanomoles level, ranking the best performances among fluoride anion sensors systems.
Resolving Missing Data from the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale: Implications for Telemedicine
Authors: Luo Sheng , Goetz Christopher G. , Choi Dongrak , Aggarwal Sanket , Mestre Tiago A. , Stebbins Glenn T. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundTelemedicine has become standard in clinical care and research during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Remote administration of Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) Part III (Motor Examination) precludes ratings of all items, because Rigidity and Postural Stability (six scores) require in‐person rating.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine imputation accuracy for total‐sum and item‐specific MDS‐UPDRS Motor Examination scores in remote administration.MethodsWe applied multivariate imputation by chained equations techniques in a cross‐sectional dataset where patients had one MDS‐UPDRS rating (International Translational Program, n = 8,588) and in a longitudinal dataset where patients had multiple ratings (Rush Program, n = 396). Successful imputation was stringently defined as (1) generalized Lin's concordance correlation coefficient >0.95, reflecting near‐perfect agreement between total‐sum score with complete data and surrogate score, calculated without patients’ actual Rigidity and Postural Stability scores; and (2) perfect agreement for item‐level scores for Rigidity and Postural Stability items.ResultsFor total‐sum score when Rigidity and Postural Stability scores were withdrawn, using one or multiple visits, multivariate imputation by chained equations imputation reached near‐perfect agreement with the original total‐sum score. However, at the item level, the degree of perfect agreement between the surrogate and actual Rigidity items and Postural Stability scores always fell below threshold.ConclusionsThe MDS‐UPDRS Part III total‐sum score, a key clinical outcome in research and in clinical practice, can be accurately imputed without the Rigidity and Postural Stability items that cannot be rated by telemedicine. No formula, however, allows for specific item‐level imputation. When Rigidity and Postural Stability item scores are of key clinical or research interest, patients with PD must be scored in person. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
One‐stage reconstruction of the massive overlying skin and Achilles tendon defects using a free chimeric anterolateral thigh flap with fascia lata
Authors: Son Tran Thiet , Dung Pham Thi Viet , Thuy Ta Thi Hong , Chien Vu Hong , Phuc Le Hong , Huy Le Anh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTreatment for large defects in the non‐weight‐bearing Achilles tendon and soft tissues remains a reconstructive challenge. The free composite anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) with fascia lata (FL) has been indicated in the single‐stage reconstruction of the Achilles tendon and soft tissue defect and this technique remain some disadvantages, such as the inability to perform primary flap thinning, requiring secondary flap thinning, and the delayed normalization of the range of motion of the ankle joint. The free chimeric ALT flap with FL was introduced as a novel alternative with many advantages in reconstructing the Achilles tendon and soft tissue defects. This paper reports the reconstruction of the massive Achilles tendon and overlying skin defects using free chimeric ALT flaps with FL.MethodsFrom June 2017 to October 2020, we performed on a series of 5 patients receiving free chimeric ALT flaps with FL to reconstruct the Achilles tendon and soft tissue defects. The age of patients ranged from 43 to 62 years old. All five patients had full‐layer defects of the Achilles tendon with infection. The sizes of the skin defects ranged from 6 × 4 cm to 12 × 10 cm. The perforators from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral arteries are located using a handheld Doppler. The perforators help to design the outline of the ALT flap and fascia flap. The skin flap was thinned under microscopy if the flap was too thick. The anastomosis was accomplished before insetting the flaps into the defect.ResultsThe size of the ALT flap ranged from 10 × 5 cm to 15 × 12 cm, and the size of the FL flap ranged from 7 × 4 cm to 10 × 8 cm. The mean perforator length for the skin flap and fascia lata was 3.3 cm (range, 2.5–5.0 cm) and 5.3 cm (range, 3.5–7.0 cm), respectively. Four patients received skin flap thinning up to 57%–79% of the flap thickness, while one patient did not need to debulk. The thickness of the ALT flap ranged from 6 to 13 mm. All the flaps survived completely and postoperative courses were uneventful without any complications. The follow‐up time ranged from 12 to 51 months. All patients were able to stand and ambulate, and they were satisfied with the reconstructive results.ConclusionsThe free thin chimeric ALT with FL flap is appeared to be an appropriate treatment for the massive Achilles tendon and overlying skin defects. This may be a practical approach to improve the functional outcomes of patients with infected massive Achilles tendon and overlying skin defects.
The research on high‐performance CO2 gas measurement using the Kalman‐wavelet algorithm
Authors: Zhang Pengquan , Fan Weiyao , Xiang Tieming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTo measure the concentration of trace CO2 with high performance, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy technology was adopted in this paper. Kalman‐wavelet algorithm was used to depress the detector noise and optical interference fringe noise. Experimental results show that the second harmonic signal‐to‐noise ratio of the measuring system at 50ppmv CO2 gas was improved by 2.06 times compared with no filtering. Under different CO2 concentrations, the measuring errors are from 2.57% to 2.66%. According to Allan variance analysis, the minimum detection limit was reduced to 5.2 ppmv with the optimal integration time of 61 s. And, the standard deviation value was decreased from 33 to 19 ppmv during long‐term measurement, which can guarantee the high‐performance measurement of CO2 gas.
Compact half H‐shaped dielectric resonator antenna for wideband applications
Authors: Gaonkar Abhijeet , Patel Pragati 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, the authors present the design of a half H‐shaped dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for compact size and wide bandwidth. The trapezoidal patch feed is used to excite the DRA, which results in TE113Y and TE115Y resonant modes of the rectangular DRA (RDRA). It is found that the broad‐side higher‐order TE113Y with the TE115Ymode is used in the proposed design to make it wideband. The effective dielectric constant of the proposed DRA is reduced by the slots and then the structure is made half to make it compact. Finally, for further improvement in bandwidth, the size of the ground plane is reduced, which increases the parallel capacitive reactance and decreases the Q‐factor. The proposed structure achieves measured impedance bandwidth S11 ≤ −10 dB of 75% (4.30–9.50 GHz) with a maximum gain of 7.20 dB. The proposed DRA is applicable for WLAN (5.15–5.72 GHz) and orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing 802.11a (5.72–5.85 GHz).
A multi‐classification model for non‐small cell lung cancer subtypes based on independent subtask learning
Authors: Li Jinkai , Song Fan , Zhang Peng , Ma Chenbin , Zhang Tianyi , Sun Yangyang , Feng Youdan , Song Xiao , Lyu Shangqing , Zhang Guanglei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeThe non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be divided into adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), large cell carcinoma (LCC), and not otherwise specified (NOS), which is crucial for clinical decision‐making. However, current related researches are rare for the complex multi‐classification of NSCLC, mainly due to the serious data imbalance, the difficulty to unify the feature space, and the complicated decision boundary among multiple subtypes. The machine learning method of traditional “one‐vs‐one” (OVO) is difficult to solve these problems and achieve good results.MethodsTo this end, we propose a novel independent subtask learning (ISTL) method to better carry out the multi‐classification task. Specifically, it includes four pertinent strategies: (1) independent data expansion; (2) independent feature selection (IFS); (3) independent model construction; and (4) a novel voting strategy: majority voting combined with Bayesian prior. We performed experiments using 1036 CT scans (ADC:SCC:LCC:NOS = 600:268:105:63) collected from eight international databases, and the data acquisition was highly complex and diverse.ResultsThe experimental results showed that the ISTL method obtained an accuracy of 0.812 on the independent test cohort, which significantly improved the performance of multi‐classification compared with the traditional OVO‐support vector machine (0.691) and OVO‐random forest (0.710) models. After the IFS, six selected feature sets of six binary tasks are obviously different, indicating that the ISTL method has better interpretability to distinguish the multiple NSCLC subtypes. The results of a further auxiliary contrast experiment showed that four pertinent strategies were all effective.ConclusionOur work indicates that the ISTL method can effectively perform multi‐classification of NSCLC subtypes with better interpretability for clinical computer‐aided detection and has the potential to be applied in a wide range of multi‐classification studies.
Multistep Bulk‐/Gas‐Phase Polymerization of Propene in a Reaction Calorimeter
Authors: Valaei Sina , Bartke Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article outlines a kinetic study of two different Ziegler–Natta type catalysts in multistep bulk‐/gas‐phase polymerization of propene in a reaction calorimeter. In the first stage, bulk‐phase polymerization of propene, the matrix material is produced and kinetic information about the polymerization is extracted from power compensation calorimetry data. Focus is set on the influence of hydrogen on polymerization kinetics and comparing the performance of the two catalysts. In the 2nd stage, gas‐phase copolymerization of propene and ethylene, an elastomeric copolymer is produced as impact modifier and kinetic information is obtained from semibatch operation in constant conditions. The influence of monomer/comonomer ratio on copolymerization behavior of the two catalysts is investigated and compared.
Face masks and respirators: Towards sustainable materials and technologies to overcome the shortcomings and challenges
Authors: Bhattacharjee Shovon , Bahl Prateek , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , Heslop David , MacIntyre C. Raina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe unprecedented threat of COVID‐19 and the likelihood of other emerging infectious diseases have accentuated the need for sustainable and effective masks and respirators (MAR). MAR assists in minimizing the risk of infection and controlling the spread of pathogens. However, during the COVID‐19 pandemic, there was a worldwide scarcity of MAR due to unprecedented global demand. There are also notable limitations in commonly used MAR, such as low filtration efficiency, poor fit, non‐reusability, physiological impact, lack of biocompatibility and non‐biodegradability, and inability to kill pathogens. Therefore, there remains an unmet need for a comprehensive study focusing on potential materials and new technologies for MAR. Here we outline a comprehensive overview of the limitations of conventional MAR followed by required potential solutions (such as using nanofibers/graphene base filters/metal‐organic framework as filter media, laser scanning and 3D printing for fit and seal, applying antimicrobial nanomaterials coating on filter media, using reusable and biodegradable materials, developing high‐performing cloth masks, improving hydrophobicity, etc.). The information on potential materials and new technologies of MAR and research evidence outlined here can inform further research and development of high‐performing and sustainable respiratory protection technologies to improve the health and safety of the first responders and the community.
Delirium in elderly postoperative patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Muzzana Chiara , Mantovan Franco , Huber Markus Karl , Trevisani Katia , Niederbacher Sarah , Kugler Alexander , Ausserhofer Dietmar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo describe the incidence, time in days and risk factors for postoperative delirium in elderly patients.DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsPatients over 65 years were daily screened with the 4A's Test and the Delirium Observation Screening Scale for postoperative delirium. A psychiatrist assessed according to the DSM‐V. We performed descriptive and logistic regression analyses.ResultsFrom 202 patients, 7.5% (N = 15) had a diagnosed postoperative delirium, whereby 73.3% (N = 11) developed the delirium during the first 48 hr after surgery. The median duration was 1 day. Patients over 80 years suffering from heart failure with surgical drains, bladder catheter, central venous catheter had higher odds for developing a postoperative delirium. The incidence of postoperative delirium in our sample was lower compared with other surgical and ortho‐geriatric populations. Despite age, several modifiable postoperative factors were associated with the occurrence of postoperative delirium.
Advances in polymeric nanocomposites for automotive applications: A review
Authors: Shah Vraj , Bhaliya Jaydip , Patel Gautam M. , Deshmukh Kalim 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe relevance of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) in the automobile industry has been booming for the last few decades because this kind of material can fulfill the need for lightweight vehicles, and that leads to low gasoline intake and drain gas emission. This review covers the fundamental aspects of polymer‐based nanocomposites and their application in the automotive sector. Following an introduction that comprises the need for PNCs and their rewards over traditional materials for instance, excellent thermal and mechanical strength, eco‐friendliness, affordable corrosion resistance, low density, and so on. In addition, the review also covers how these composites can be useful in automotive sector applications. Apart from this, the second section covers the different synthetic approaches (solution casting, melt blending, electrodeposition, electrospinning, in‐situ polymerization, and others) for the manufacturing of PNCs and their characterizations using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, and other techniques. Afterward, the applications of PNCs in different parts of vehicles such as automotive coatings, tires, glasses, and inner parts of the vehicles, extra will be discussed. Finally, discussions related to key areas of PNCs and future perspectives are explained.
Minigene‐based splicing analysis and ACMG/AMP‐based tentative classification of 56 ATM variants
Authors: Bueno‐Martínez Elena , Sanoguera‐Miralles Lara , Valenzuela‐Palomo Alberto , Esteban‐Sánchez Ada , Lorca Víctor , Llinares‐Burguet Inés , Allen Jamie , García‐Álvarez Alicia , Pérez‐Segura Pedro , Durán Mercedes , Easton Douglas F , Devilee Peter , Vreeswijk Maaike PG , de la Hoya Miguel , Velasco‐Sampedro Eladio A 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ataxia telangiectasia‐mutated (ATM) protein is a major coordinator of the DNA damage response pathway. ATM loss‐of‐function variants are associated with 2‐fold increased breast cancer risk. We aimed at identifying and classifying spliceogenic ATM variants detected in subjects of the large‐scale sequencing project BRIDGES. A total of 381 variants at the intron–exon boundaries were identified, 128 of which were predicted to be spliceogenic. After further filtering, we ended up selecting 56 variants for splicing analysis. Four functional minigenes (mgATM) spanning exons 4–9, 11–17, 25–29, and 49–52 were constructed in the splicing plasmid pSAD. Selected variants were genetically engineered into the four constructs and assayed in MCF‐7/HeLa cells. Forty‐eight variants (85.7%) impaired splicing, 32 of which did not show any trace of the full‐length (FL) transcript. A total of 43 transcripts were identified where the most prevalent event was exon/multi‐exon skipping. Twenty‐seven transcripts were predicted to truncate the ATM protein. A tentative ACMG/AMP (American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology)‐based classification scheme that integrates mgATM data allowed us to classify 29 ATM variants as pathogenic/likely pathogenic and seven variants as likely benign. Interestingly, the likely pathogenic variant c.1898+2T>G generated 13% of the minigene FL‐transcript due to the use of a noncanonical GG‐5’‐splice‐site (0.014% of human donor sites). Circumstantial evidence in three ATM variants (leakiness uncovered by our mgATM analysis together with clinical data) provides some support for a dosage‐sensitive expression model in which variants producing ≥30% of FL‐transcripts would be predicted benign, while variants producing ≤13% of FL‐transcripts might be pathogenic. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Effect of black rice husk ash biosilica on mechanical, wear, and fatigue behavior of stacked aloevera/roselle and glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite
Authors: R. Ramaswamy , N. Nagabhooshanam , E. Manoj , M. Thiyagu , Patil Pravin P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this present study, a high‐performance structural epoxy biocomposite has been prepared and characterized for its mechanical, wear, and fatigue behavior. The main aim of this research was to determine the effect of fiber stacking order and the biosilica addition in the epoxy hybrid composite when it is subjected to external loading. The research also focused on how the surface treatment process on fiber and particle affects the mechanical, wear, and fatigue behavior of composite. The biosilica particles were synthesized from black rice husks and then surface treated with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Similarly, a base treatment was applied to fiber mats and the composite laminates for this investigation were fabricated by hand layup process. It is noted that the composite designations E12 and E22 exhibited an improved tensile strength of 58, 62% and flexural strength of 45, 51% for 1.0 vol% biosilica in both staking sequence models. Similarly, in inter‐laminar shear strength the composites E2, E21 and E22 outperformed than E1, E11, and E12. In terms of Izod impact toughness and hardness, composite designation E22 provides maximum increment of about 94% and 5%. The wear resistance of composite E22 exhibited lower wear loss and COF. The highest fatigue life count of 41,782 was observed for the composite designation E22 in tension‐tension fatigue mode. Overall the stacking order R/A/G/A/R gives better results than others. These load bearing properties enhanced hybrid composites might be employed in structural, industrial, automotive, home appliance, defense, and lightweight industrial applications.