bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of CGRP‐immunoreactive myenteric neurons in mouse colon
Authors: Hibberd Timothy J. , Yew Wai Ping , Dodds Kelsi N. , Xie Zili , Travis Lee , Brookes Simon J. , Costa Marcello , Hu Hongzhen , Spencer Nick J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuantitative data of biological systems provide valuable baseline information for understanding pathology, experimental perturbations, and computational modeling. In mouse colon, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) is expressed by myenteric neurons with multiaxonal (Dogiel type II) morphology, characteristic of intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs). Analogous neurons in other species and gut regions represent 5–35% of myenteric neurons. We aimed to quantify proportions of CGRP‐immunopositive (CGRP+) myenteric neurons. Colchicine‐treated wholemount preparations of proximal, mid, and distal colon were labeled for HuC/D, CGRP, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and peripherin (Per). The pan‐neuronal markers (Hu+/Per+) co‐labeled 94% of neurons. Hu+/Per– neurons comprised ∼6%, but Hu‐/Per+ cells were rare. Thus, quantification was based on Hu+ myenteric neurons (8576 total; 1225 ± 239 per animal, n = 7). CGRP+ cell bodies were significantly larger than the average of all Hu+ neurons (329 ± 13 vs. 261 ± 12 μm2, p < .0001). CGRP+ neurons comprised 19% ± 3% of myenteric neurons without significant regional variation. NOS+ neurons comprised 42% ± 2% of myenteric neurons overall, representing a lower proportion in proximal colon, compared to mid and distal colon (38% ± 2%, 44% ± 2%, and 44% ± 3%, respectively). Peripherin immunolabeling revealed cell body and axonal morphology in some myenteric neurons. Whether all CGRP+ neurons were multiaxonal could not be addressed using peripherin immunolabeling. However, of 118 putatively multiaxonal neurons first identified based on peripherin immunoreactivity, all were CGRP+ (n = 4). In conclusion, CGRP+ myenteric neurons in mouse colon were comprehensively quantified, occurring within a range expected of a putative IPAN marker. All Per+ multiaxonal neurons, characteristic of Dogiel type II/IPAN morphology, were CGRP+.
Adalimumab for the treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis with multiple arrhythmias
Authors: Li Sitong , Wang Hui , Liu Tong , Li Qifan , Yang Xiuxiu , Xiong Ran , Lv Qiang , Du Xin , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 45‐year‐old male with cardiac sarcoidosis verified by cardiac biopsy presented with multiple coexisting arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia of more than 1000 episodes per 24 h, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and third‐degree atrioventricular block. He did not respond to corticosteroids dose of 20–60 mg once daily and mycophenolate mofetil dose of 1 g twice daily for 6 months. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) demonstrated inflammation and late gadolinium enhancement on right ventricular wall and interventricular septum. Positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) showed multifocal 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the heart. We replaced mycophenolate mofetil with adalimumab, a tumour necrosis factor‐α inhibitor. After 3 months, his arrhythmias improved significantly, manifesting as premature ventricular contractions of only 500 beats per 24 h and first‐degree atrioventricular block. CMR showed a significant reduction in inflammation and late gadolinium enhancement, and PET‐CT showed a complete resolution of fluorodeoxyglucose uptake.
Efficient resource allocation for hybrid nonorthogonal multiple access based heterogeneous networks beyond fifth‐generation
Authors: Ghafoor Umar , Ali Mudassar , Khan Humayun Zubair , Siddiqui Adil Masood , Naeem Muhammad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFifth‐generation (5G) and future beyond fifth‐generation (B5G) networks will require immense capacity due to the high rise in the number of multimedia applications and mobile devices. The heterogeneous networks (HetNets) in 5G and B5G can increase the heterogeneity and network throughput because macro base station‐only (MBS‐only) networks cannot satisfy the drastic increase in capacity demands. Hybrid nonorthogonal multiple access (H‐NOMA) can accommodate the increasing number of multimedia applications and mobile devices in 5G and B5G. H‐NOMA in B5G can also improve spectral efficiency. Before this, the researchers had not considered user clustering with H‐NOMA in HetNets. This article investigates the user clustering with downlink H‐NOMA in HetNet to maximize the network throughput in 5G and B5G. The formulated mathematical problem optimizes the considered key performance indicators (KPIs), that is, users admission in clusters, users association with base stations, power allocation to users, and network throughput. At the same time, it also satisfies the minimum transmit power and data rate requirements of users. The formulated problem is a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem. We have proposed an‐optimal algorithm, that is, outer approximation algorithm (OAA) to solve the MINLP problem because the complexity of the optimal exhaustive search algorithm (ESA) increases exponentially with an increase in the number of users. H‐NOMA with user clustering in HetNet is evaluated with extensive simulations to show its effectiveness regarding network throughput in 5G and B5G. We have also considered the proposed framework in the MBS‐only network and compared its performance with HetNet. The results verify that the proposed framework in HetNet performs better than the MBS‐only network. The complexity of the‐optimal algorithm is calculated that gives‐optimal results within. We have also made a complexity analysis of the proposed OAA and ESA and concluded that the complexity of the proposed OAA algorithm is less than the ESA.
Challenges for future food systems: From the Green Revolution to food supply chains with a special focus on sustainability
Authors: Soria‐Lopez A. , Garcia‐Perez P. , Carpena M. , Garcia‐Oliveira P. , Otero Paz , Fraga‐Corral M. , Cao Hui , Prieto M. A. , Simal‐Gandara J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFinding a food system to feed the growing worldwide population remains a challenge, especially in the current era, where natural resources are being dramatically depleted. From a historical point of view, the Green Revolution, together with biofortification and sustainable intensification, was established as a possible solution to counter hunger and malnutrition during the second half of the 20th century. As a solution, to overcome the limitations attributed to the Green Revolution, food supply chains were developed. The current food system, based on the long food supply chain (LFSC), is characterized by globalization, promoting several advantages for both producers and consumers. However, LFSC has been demonstrated to be unable to feed the global population and, furthermore, it generates negative ecological, environmental, logistical, and nutritional pressures. Thus, novel efficient food systems are required to respond to current environmental and consumers’ demands, as is the case of short food supply chain (SFSC). As a recently emerging food system, the evaluation of SFSC sustainability in terms of environmental, economic, and social assessment is yet to be determined. This review is focused on the evolution of food supply systems, starting from the Green Revolution to food supply chains, providing a significant perspective on sustainability.
The JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib downregulates the immune checkpoint protein B7H3 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Xu Ning , Yu Erin , Ng Nicole , Li Mingjie , Bujarski Sean , Hekmati Ava , Nassir Isabella , Hekmati Tara , Yu Janna , Daniely David , Wang Cathy S. , Kim Clara , Chen Haiming , Berenson James R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe hypothesized that ruxolitinib may inhibit the immune checkpoint protein, B7H3; and, thus, investigated its effects on this immune inhibitor using multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines, bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells from MM patients and human MM LAGλ‐1A xenografts. Ruxolitinib reduced B7H3 gene and protein expression and increased IL‐2 and CD8 gene expression. These results suggest that ruxolitinib inhibition of B7H3 may restore exhausted T‐cell activity in the MM BM tumor microenvironment.
Application and performance of data mining techniques in stock market: A review
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Dharni Khushdeep 
Published: August 2022

SummaryPrediction and the stock market go hand in hand. Due to the inherent limitations of traditional forecasting methods and the pursuit to uncover the hidden patterns in stock market data, stock market prediction using data mining techniques has caught the fancy of academicians, researchers, and investors. Based on a systematic review of more than 143 research studies spanning 25 years, the present paper brings to light the major issues concerning forecasting of stock markets based on data mining techniques, such as usage of data mining techniques in the stock market, input data types, single versus hybrid techniques, instruments and stock markets researched, types of software and algorithms used, measures of forecast accuracy, and performance of various data mining techniques. Emerging patterns related to various dimensions have been critically analyzed by highlighting the existing limitations and suggesting future research paradigms. This analysis can be useful for academicians, researchers and investors looking for futuristic directions in a given research domain.
MicroRNA‐454 modulates the oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via targeting NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)
Authors: Zhang Tao , Han Haiping , Zhou Yan , Liu Zhimei , Ma Tingjie , Cao Xuqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo investigate the function of miR‐454 in ischemic stroke, this study was carried out. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury animal model and a SHSY5Y cell culture model of oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) were constructed. The effects of miR‐454 were detected by evaluating the levels of biochemical markers, gene expression, and pathophysiological markers. The results showed that NOX4 level was elevated, while miR‐454 expression was reduced in I/R brain samples and in OGD/R‐treated cells. The miR‐454 agomir declined NOX4 level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in rats suffering from I/R. Furthermore, microRNA‐145 (miR‐454) overexpression inhibited NOX4 level and ROS production in cells treated by OGD/R and decreased luciferase activity in cells transfected with NOX4‐wild type (WT) reporter plasmid. Meanwhile, our results proved that the protected effects of miR‐454 on SH‐SY5Y cells treated by OGD/R were reversed by pcDNA‐NOX4 transfection. MiR‐454 protected animals from brain injury induced by cerebral I/R via directly regulating its target gene NOX4, illustrating a curatively potential target for treating ischemic stroke.
Ultrasound promoted three‐component synthesis of dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrrole derivatives
Authors: Nasuhipur Forough , Ghasemi Zarrin , Shahrisa Aziz , Arsalani Nasser 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, a one‐pot three‐component reaction of ninhydrin, primary amines, and 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds was investigated under various conditions to synthesis of diverse derivatives of dihydroindeno[1,2‐b]pyrroles. Catalyst‐free conditions in EtOH under ultrasound irradiation (45% of amplitude) were selected as a novel and efficient method for synthesis of these fused structures. The reactivity of different primary amines was then investigated for steric and electronic effects. Two examples of difunctional structures were also synthesized by using of 1,4‐diaminobenzene under optimum conditions with high yields. The structure of all products was characterized by spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in DIBMA Model Compounds
Authors: van Walree Cornelis A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe structure of model compounds for the amphiphilic copolymer poly(diisobutylene‐alt‐maleic acid), DIBMA, is investigated with (gas phase) B3LYP/6‐31G** and PM7 calculations. It is found that in the monoprotonated state of the repeating unit strong (about 70 kJ mol−1) ionic hydrogen bonds are formed within the hydrogen succinate rings, which impart partial structural rigidity on the backbone of the copolymer. Based on literature pKa values of the first and second deprotonation step of the succinic acid units, it is argued that the ionic hydrogen bonds are likely to be present in aqueous solution as well. The main chain conformation depends strongly on the stereochemical configuration of the carbon atoms in the hydrogen succinate rings. The possible consequences of the hydrogen bonding for the mechanism of membrane solubilization by maleic acid‐based amphiphilic copolymers are discussed.
Schneller, grüner, besser – Trends in der Probenvorbereitung
Authors: Tintrop Lucie K. , Engewald Werner , Jochmann Maik A. , Schmidt Torsten C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImmer niedrigere Nachweisgrenzen sowie störende Matrixkomponenten stellen die etablierten Methoden vor neue Aufgaben. Zudem sollen gleichzeitig der Probendurchsatz möglichst hoch und der Verbrauch organischer Lösungsmittel möglichst gering sein.
Der Karlsruher Nobelpreisträger
Authors: Mönnich Michael W. , Podlech Joachim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIm August 2022 jährt sich zum 150sten Mal der Geburtstag des bislang einzigen Karlsruher Nobelpreisträgers Richard Willstätter. Er befasste sich mit Pflanzenfarbstoffen sowie Enzymen und klärte die Struktur des Chlorophylls auf. Frustriert kehrte er dem Universitätsbetrieb den Rücken, floh vor antisemitischer Verfolgung und starb im Exil.
The rise, fall and revival of combinatorial chemistry
Authors: Dormán György 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLooking back over the past 25 years, we see that combinatorial chemistry significantly increased the number of screening compounds available for drug discovery research, contributed to the development of organic synthesis as well as chemoinformatics, and accelerated technical innovation in areas including automation, purification, analytics, and logistics. Last but not least, combinatorial thinking motivated the shift from the traditional single‐compound design approach to a multiple‐compound (library) design process.
Optimistisch bleiben
Authors: Leusmann Eliza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWie gut funktionieren Online‐Vorlesungen für Studierende, wie hat die Coronapandemie Studiendauer, ‐finanzierung und Psyche beeinflusst, was bleibt von den Veränderungen? Eindrücke von Lehrenden und Studierenden.
„Ich will mich weiterentwickeln“
Authors: Zbikowski Frauke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMarta Garijo Añorbe hat in Spanien Chemie studiert, in Dortmund promoviert und geforscht. Heute hat sie eine Führungsposition bei einem Hersteller für Temperiergeräte im fränkischen Lauda und ist weltweit unterwegs.
Communication in Science: interdisziplinärer Workshop in Jordanien
Authors: Limbach Hans‐Heinrich , Mousa Marwan , Ellouze Mohemmad , Hopf Henning , Paulus Beate 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnterstützt von der GDCh trafen sich im Juni 2022 bereits zum neunten Mal junge Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler in einem arabischen Land zu einem interdisziplinären Workshop. Dieses Mal fand die Veranstaltung an der German‐Jordanian University (GJU), Madaba, Jordanien im Vorfeld des Humboldt‐Kollegs „How to Change the World via Science“ statt.
Interview: "Erfolgreich ist etwas anderes als nützlich"
Authors: Remenyi Christian , Zbikowski Frauke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeit November 2021 ist die Molekularbiologin Maria Leptin Präsidentin des Europäischen Forschungsrats, der bis zum Jahr 2027 über ein Budget von 16 Milliarden Euro aus dem EU‐ Programm Horizon Europe verfügt. Mit den Nachrichten aus der Chemie sprach sie über den Nutzen von Grundlagenforschung, menschliche Neugier und die Reibungen mit der Politik.
A comparison of statistical methods for animal oncology studies
Authors: Zhang Tianhui , Novick Steven J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn pre‐clinical oncology studies, tumor‐bearing animals are treated and observed over a period of time in order to measure and compare the efficacy of one or more cancer‐intervention therapies along with a placebo/standard of care group. A data analysis is typically carried out by modeling and comparing tumor volumes, functions of tumor volumes, or survival. Data analysis on tumor volumes is complicated because animals under observation may be euthanized prior to the end of the study for one or more reasons, such as when an animal's tumor volume exceeds an upper threshold. In such a case, the tumor volume is missing not‐at‐random for the time remaining in the study. To work around the non‐random missingness issue, several statistical methods have been proposed in the literature, including the rate of change in log tumor volume and partial area under the curve. In this work, an examination and comparison of the test size and statistical power of these and other popular methods for the analysis of tumor volume data is performed through realistic Monte Carlo computer simulations. The performance, advantages, and drawbacks of popular statistical methods for animal oncology studies are reported. The recommended methods are applied to a real data set.
Documenting the modeling process with a standardized data structure described and implemented in DynamicVu
Authors: Farr Warren W. , Allen Samuel D. , Tomoaia‐Cotisel Andrada , Hovmand Peter S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDocumenting the process of building a simulation model is different from documenting the simulation model itself. Good model‐building practice includes the discovery of potentially large sets of multimedia data. Organizing and documenting data and the process of collecting it has several advantages including: tightly linking data to its source and the timing of its discovery; separating source data from researcher inference (allowing for independent inspection); maintaining an evolutionary timeline; and easily sharing source data among participants and researchers. The topic of documenting models has been widely discussed. In contrast, this article proposes a data structure and its methods for documenting the process of building a simulation model. © 2022 System Dynamics Society.
Heterogeneous effects of health shocks in developed countries: Evidence from Australia
Authors: Islam Asad , Parasnis Jaai 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe examine how health shocks impact on households' decision to save, and how different socioeconomic and ethnic groups respond to health shocks in Australia. We find that health shocks are associated with a substantial reduction in individual savings. We do not find any substitution of labor supply by a partner in response to an individual's health shocks. We extend previous work by examining whether access to formal health insurance or government benefits mitigate the economic consequences of a health shock. We find evidence that negative health shocks are associated with an increase in receipts of public transfers and benefits in the following years. There is evidence that the fall in savings is greater for low‐income individuals. Individuals who have private health insurance are more affected by health shocks, compared with individuals who do not have private health insurance, suggesting a role for selection into private health insurance.
Customized scheduling for shared bus with deadlines
Authors: Jin Yong , Xu Jia , Xu Lijie , Liu Linfeng , Xiao Fu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPublic transportation system is one of the most effective ways to conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions. However, the traditional public transportation system does not provide customized service and cannot guarantee the arrival time to destination. To address these issues, we formulate the minimum shared bus scheduling problem to minimize the number of shared buses such that all orders can be completed under constraints of deadlines and capacity of shared bus. We propose the approximation algorithms, S‐MBSA for the shared bus with strong endurance and E‐MBSA for the large‐scale order scenario, to solve the minimum shared bus scheduling problem. We further formulate the constrained maximum revenue shared bus scheduling problem to maximize the revenue under the limited number of shared buses, and propose an approximation algorithm, CMRBSA, to find the shared bus route schedules. Through the extensive simulations, we demonstrate the significant superiority of S‐MBSA and E‐MBSA in terms of number of shared buses. Furthermore, CMRBSA outperforms the benchmark algorithms significantly in terms of revenue.
WSR 2.0 (1): History and present
Authors: Zhu Zhichang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis is the first of a series of papers that present an update of the over‐four‐decades practice, theorising and universalisation of a systems approach to management from China: Wuli‐Shili‐Rneli (WSR). The paper begins with a brief review of the evolution, features and problematics of WSR 1.0, then envisages continuities, changes and tasks in developing WSR 2.0 and finally traces the evolution trajectory of the meaning of li, a core category in Confucian teaching and the WSR approach. This is to lay a historical‐conceptual stage for the proceeding of the forthcoming papers in the series that will address, respectively, wuli‐shili‐renli notions, WSR and systems thinking, pragmatic ontology, pragmatic rationality, application modes and rooted universalisation.
CELL RENEWAL AND APOPTOSIS IN MACROSTOMUM SP. [LIGNANO]
Authors: Nimeth K. , Ladurner P. , Gschwentner R. , Salvenmoser W. , Rieger R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn platyhelminths, all cell renewal is accomplished by totipotent stem cells (neoblasts). Tissue maintenance is achieved in a balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis. It is known that in Macrostomum sp. the epidermis undergoes extensive cell renewal. Here we show that parenchymal cells also exhibit a high rate of cell turnover. We demonstrate cell renewal using continuous 5′bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) exposure. About one‐third of all cells are replaced after 14 days. The high level of replacement requires an equivalent removal of cells by apoptosis. Cell death is characterized using a combination of three methods: (1) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labelling (TUNEL), (2) specific binding of phosphatidyl‐serine to fluorescent‐labelled annexin V and (3) identification of apoptotic stages by ultrastructure. The number of cells observed in apoptosis is insufficient to explain the homeostasis of tissues inMacrostomum. Apoptosis‐independent mechanisms may play an additional role in tissue dynamics.
Recursive computation of Feynman periods
Authors: Borinsky Michael , Schnetz Oliver 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFeynman periods are Feynman integrals that do not depend on external kinematics. Their computation, which is necessary for many applications of quantum field theory, is greatly facilitated by graphical functions or the equivalent conformal four-point integrals. We describe a set of transformation rules that act on such functions and allow their recursive computation in arbitrary even dimensions. As a concrete example we compute all subdivergence-free Feynman periods inϕ3theory up to six loops and 561 of 607 Feynman periods at seven loops analytically. Our results support the conjectured existence of a coaction structure in quantum field theory and suggest thatϕ3andϕ4theory share the same number content.