bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxic epidermal necrolysis in adult patients: Experience from the West Australian Collaboration
Authors: Frederiks Aaron J. , Kumarasinghe S. Prasad , Wood Fiona , Rowe Sharon , Cunneen Tom , Raby Edward , Bourke Jack , Ricciardo Bernadette 
Published: July 2022

AbstractToxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare and life‐threatening mucocutaneous disease triggered by a reaction to a drug. Despite reported mortality of 30%, management differs between healthcare settings. Our hospital was established in February 2015 becoming the new state burns centre in Western Australia (WA). Following this, we collaborated on comprehensive multidisciplinary guidelines for the management of TEN. These guidelines are updated annually to reflect the weight of emerging evidence in managing TEN. Our aim was to review the management and outcomes of TEN patients presenting to our hospital between February 2015 and May 2021 (inclusive). We collected data for 10 patients on year, age, ethnicity, gender, medical history, culprit drug and exposure, SCORTEN, length of stay, maximum percentage of skin detachment, mucosal surface involvement, ophthalmic amniotic membrane transplant, burns unit input/admission, intensive care unit admission, weight, systemic treatment(s), complications and outcome. We excluded 7 out of 17 flagged patients who did not strictly meet the definition of TEN as greater than 30% epidermal detachment, with epidermal detachment defined as bullae, erosions, and/or positive Nikolsky. We found that the mortality rate in WA from TEN is improving compared with two previous WA studies, with a mortality rate in our study of 20% (2 deaths). Though limited by small sample size and retrospective design, our study suggests a shift towards at least one systemic therapy per patient (most commonly cyclosporine), the growing use of etanercept and the ophthalmic use of amniotic membrane transplants. It demonstrates the importance of burns unit input and the utility of comprehensive multidisciplinary guidelines. While the management and outcomes of TEN patients in WA are continuing to improve, we support calls for large registry data to facilitate evidence growth and collaboration for this rare life‐threatening condition.
Fear of cancer recurrence in patients with non‐metastatic melanoma: Spanish validation and disease‐related factors
Authors: Iglesias‐Puzas Álvaro , García‐González Víctor , Conde‐Taboada Alberto , López‐Bran Eduardo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionIt is essential for clinicians to understand the phenomenon of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in order to understand the psychological impact it has on patients with melanoma.ObjectivesTo validate an FCR questionnaire in Spanish for patients with non‐metastatic melanoma and to describe the clinical and demographic variables associated with FCR in these patients.MethodsPatients diagnosed with non‐metastatic melanoma were selected. The questionnaire was translated and adapted to Spanish following international guidelines. The internal consistency, construct validity, and temporal stability of the questionnaire were analysed using Cronbach's alpha, confirmatory factor analysis, and test–retest reliability, respectively. Following this, the correlation between FCR scores and the study variables was evaluated.ResultsA total of 123 patients were included in the study. The translated and adapted questionnaire showed high reliability (overall Cronbach's alpha 0.834), temporal stability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.8), and unidimensionality. The mean FCR score was 16.1 ± 6.7. The highest FCR scores were observed in women and young patients (p < 0.01). Patients with a personal history of cancer, facial melanoma, or skin graft reconstruction also obtained a high FCR score (p < 0.05). No differences were found between FCR and other tumour characteristics, such as the Breslow index or the time since diagnosis.ConclusionsThis validated questionnaire is suitable for evaluating FCR. We also identified factors that tend to increase FCR scores, thus allowing clinicians to identify patients at risk and start preventive measures.
Identifying risk factors for post‐operative bleeding in women undergoing loop electrosurgical excision procedure for cervical dysplasia
Authors: Feddersen Jemima , Carter Jonathan , Pather Selvan , Saidi Samir A. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundLoop electrosurgical excision is a procedure utilised in the treatment of high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) of the cervix. Post‐operatively women may experience immediate and/or delayed per vaginal bleeding.AimsThe objective of this prospective pilot study was to assess the feasibility of identifying and quantifying patients' subjective experiences of post‐operative bleeding following a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for HSIL. In addition, an analysis of demographical, lifestyle and surgical factors was undertaken to assess for any statistically significant correlation with post‐operative bleeding.Materials and MethodsThis study included 110 patients who underwent a LEEP for biopsy‐proven or suspected HSIL between 2017 and 2020. Subjective data were collected from weekly post‐operative surveys and correlated with procedural data. Primary outcome assessed was the subjective rate of bleeding experienced. Baseline demographics were age, body mass index (BMI), specimen size, human papilloma virus variant and histopathology. Other variables of interest collected were exercise intensity, and alcohol intake.ResultsNo association of statistical significance was discovered between age, BMI, or day of menstrual cycle. There was a statistically significant association between exercise intensity or specimen size (greater than the median) and increased bleeding, primarily in the first 2 weeks.ConclusionsWomen who undergo intense or prolonged exercise in the post‐operative period may experience heavier bleeding particularly in the first 2 weeks post‐LEEP. Heavy bleeding was also associated with a larger specimen size. There was no correlation between BMI, age or any other demographical factor.
Loop and drain technique for prevention of surgical site infection in upper gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Gaszynski Rafael , Wong Pearl , Gray Andrew , Diab Jason , Das Amitabha , Apostolou Christos , Merrett Neil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionHepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery is frequently complicated by surgical site infections (SSI) with significant postoperative morbidity and mortality rates contributing to the economic burden on healthcare. Advancements in operative techniques to prevent SSI are gaining traction in clinical practice. This study compares the effectiveness of the ‘loop and drain technique (LDT)’, a combination method utilizing a continuous subcutaneous vessel loop and subcuticular suture for surgical wound closure in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal surgery at a Metropolitan Hospital in Sydney.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent an upper gastrointestinal procedure was conducted at Bankstown‐Lidcombe hospital between 2017 and 2019. There were 77 patients in the LDT group and 123 patients included in the control group. The primary outcome assessed was the rate of SSI. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS) and drainage of surgical site infections.ResultTwo hundred adult patients were treated for an upper gastrointestinal procedure. The most common operation was a Whipple procedure (35.0%). The rate of SSI was 12.5% with all these patients receiving intravenous antibiotics. The LDT cohort had a significantly lower rate of SSI compared to their counterparts (3.9% vs. 17.9%, P = 0.004).ConclusionThe LDT method is associated with a decreased incidence of SSI and should be considered as a cost‐effective operative technique to improve patient outcomes after upper gastrointestinal surgery.
Management of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients treated with ponatinib in a real‐life setting: A retrospective analysis from the monitoring registries of the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA)
Authors: Breccia Massimo , Olimpieri Pier Paolo , Celant Simone , Olimpieri Odoardo , Pane Fabrizio , Iurlo Alessandra , Summa Valentina , Corradini Paolo , Russo Pierluigi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryReal‐world data on daily practice management, treatment modifications and outcome of a large cohort of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients treated with ponatinib was performed through monitoring Registries of the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA). Overall, 666 CML subjects were included in the ponatinib registry from February 2015 to December 2020 and were eligible for analysis: 515 in chronic phase (CP), 50 in accelerated phase (AP) and 101 in blast crisis (BC). Median age at baseline was 58.7 years with a predominance of male subjects (57.1%). The median time from diagnosis to start of ponatinib was 2.35 years: 259 (38.9%) subjects had received two previous lines of treatment, 260 (39.0%) three lines and 147 (22.1%) four or more lines. A molecular response [from major molecular response (MMR) to a score of ≤0.01% on the international reporting scale (IS)] was reported for 59% of patients out of 593 patients analysed. With a median follow‐up of 14.4 months, 136 subjects (20.4%) required at least one dose reduction due to adverse events (AEs), whereas 309 patients (46.4%) required dose reduction in the absence of any evidence of side effects. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 261 patients (39%). This real‐life analysis shows that dose reductions were made primarily as a precaution rather than due to the occurrence of adverse reactions.
Individual adjustments for many and structural change for some: Teacher and school responses to classed out‐of‐school responsibilities
Authors: Grant Annaliese , Grodsky Eric , Velazquez Maria , Miesner Helen Rose , Blair Elizabeth E. , Macgregor Lyn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearch on adolescent responsibilities outside of school rarely considers how schools and teachers mitigate the adverse consequences of those responsibilities on academic outcomes. We seek to understand when, and for whom, teachers and administrators accommodate students' out‐of‐school commitments. Analysing 61 interviews with teachers and staff at five high schools that serve predominantly low‐income students and survey responses from teachers across Wisconsin (N = 601), we find that staff identify responsibilities as connected to students' social class. Teacher responses to student responsibilities are largely individual and ad hoc, whilst administrators report accommodating students' paid work through structural changes.
Elevated photic response is followed by a rapid decay and depressed state in ictogenic networks
Authors: Myren‐Svelstad Sverre , Jamali Ahmed , Ophus Sunniva S. , D'gama Percival P. , Ostenrath Anna M. , Mutlu Aytac Kadir , Hoffshagen Helene Homme , Hotz Adriana L. , Neuhauss Stephan C. F. , Jurisch‐Yaksi Nathalie , Yaksi Emre 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe switch between nonseizure and seizure states involves profound alterations in network excitability and synchrony. In this study, we aimed to identify and compare features of neural excitability and dynamics across multiple zebrafish seizure and epilepsy models.MethodsInspired by video‐electroencephalographic recordings in patients, we developed a framework to study spontaneous and photically evoked neural and locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae, by combining high‐throughput behavioral tracking and whole‐brain in vivo two‐photon calcium imaging.ResultsOur setup allowed us to dissect behavioral and physiological features that are divergent or convergent across multiple models. We observed that spontaneous locomotor and neural activity exhibit great diversity across models. Nonetheless, during photic stimulation, hyperexcitability and rapid response dynamics were well conserved across multiple models, highlighting the reliability of photically evoked activity for high‐throughput assays. Intriguingly, in several models, we observed that the initial elevated photic response is often followed by rapid decay of neural activity and a prominent depressed state. Elevated photic response and following depressed state in seizure‐prone networks are significantly reduced by the antiseizure medication valproic acid. Finally, rapid decay and depression of neural activity following photic stimulation temporally overlap with slow recruitment of astroglial calcium signals that are enhanced in seizure‐prone networks.SignificanceWe argue that fast decay of neural activity and depressed states following photic response are likely due to homeostatic mechanisms triggered by excessive neural activity. An improved understanding of the interplay between elevated and depressed excitability states might suggest tailored epilepsy therapies.
Correlation between sensory and instrumental characterization of developed sunscreens containing grape seed extract and a commercial product
Authors: Yarovaya Liudmila , Waranuch Neti , Wisuitiprot Wudtichai , Khunkitti Watcharee 
Published: July 2022

AbtractObjectiveIn the development of cosmetic products, sensory evaluation is an important step in determining consumer acceptance before it is released on a market but is often time‐consuming and costly. However, correlating sensory characteristics with instrumental parameters using multivariate techniques is a potential way to facilitate the development of cosmetic products.MethodsSunscreen formulations varied in the content of grape seed extract (GSE) and ultraviolet (UV) filters, and benchmark products were characterized using sensory descriptive analysis and instrumental analysis. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the panel's performance data to study how well the panelists performed compared to each other and to find an association between rheological and textural instrumental parameters of cream samples. Further, applying Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression analysis, the association between sensory attributes and instrumental parameters was analyzed. In addition, a preference for the sensory properties of the studied sunscreen products that are important for consumers living in Southeast Asia was assessed by PLS.ResultsIn this study, both the sensory and instrumental properties of all tested formulations were described well by PCA. The practicality of PLS was confirmed by an established correlation between sensory attributes from the categories of appearance (glossiness), pick‐up (integrity of shape, firmness, glossiness, stringiness), and after‐feel (glossiness, spreadability, stickiness) with both rheological and textural parameters. Although the instrumental analysis could not completely replace sensory evaluation, a described method applying PLS can be used as an additional cost‐effective and time‐saving method during the development of cosmetic products. Moreover, PLS revealed that sunscreens with a light texture and glossy appearance providing smooth skin after‐feel are likely to be preferred over the thicker formulations having a residual color appearance in Southeast Asia.ConclusionUntil a universal model is created, the cosmetics developers and companies can apply a described method of determining sensory properties from the instrumental parameters of their own products. Future studies will be worth exploiting the applicability of the PLS regression model on instrumental datasets predicting sensory characteristics of other sunscreen products.
THE DISTRIBUTIONAL EFFECTS OF COVID‐19 AND OPTIMAL MITIGATION POLICIES
Authors: Hur Sewon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article develops a quantitative heterogeneous agent–life cycle–epidemiological model that is used to study the aggregate and distributional consequences of COVID‐19 and mitigation policies. First, a stay‐at‐home subsidy is preferred to a lockdown because it reduces deaths by more and output by less. Second, Pareto‐improving policies can reduce deaths by nearly 45% without any reduction in output relative to no public mitigation. Finally, it is possible to simultaneously improve public health and economic outcomes, suggesting that debates regarding a trade‐off between economic and health objectives may be misguided.
Establishment of a crop evapotranspiration calculation model and its validation
Authors: Tuo Yunfei , Wang Qian , Zhang Lijuan , Shen Fangyuan , Wang Fei , Zheng Yang , Wang Zhaoyi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn order to contribute knowledge on the method used to calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration, soil, crop, atmosphere, and water spatial structure were integrated into a complete system. Based on the energy balance equation and aerodynamic equation, the meteorological data was reduced and the crop physiological parameter was increased, then the crop evapotranspiration calculation model under natural conditions was derived. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model was verified by the water balance formula using data generated from corn, potato, and flue‐cured tobacco grown under field conditions for three consecutive years from 2017 to 2019. The results showed that: from 2017 to 2019, the average root mean square error for measured and calculated evapotranspiration of corn, potato, and flue‐cured tobacco at different growth times were 0.5948, 0.4753, and 0.3326, respectively, the mean deviation, mean absolute error, and mean relative error were small, and the coefficient of determination and consistency index were both greater than 0.9100. The measured and calculated crop evapotranspiration of the selected crops increased at first and then decreased gradually as the crops matured, and finally decreased to harvest evapotranspiration, showing a parabolic trend. The crop evapotranspiration calculation model not only reflects the actual evapotranspiration of crops at different growth time but also reflects the change law of actual crop evapotranspiration. The model does not need the correction of soil moisture content, irrigation method, and crop coefficient and can directly calculate the actual crop evapotranspiration. It has the characteristics of consistency between the calculated value and the measured value, strong applicability, simple calculation process, and high accuracy and has the best effect on monitoring soil moisture and crop water shortage sensitivity. The model is significance in that it guides for monitoring soil moisture, determining actual crop evapotranspiration, crop water shortage index, and high yield and efficiency under water‐saving conditions.
Characterization of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria isolated from mustard (Brassica juncea L.) rhizosphere having the capability of improving sulfur and nitrogen uptake
Authors: Chaudhary Suman , Dhanker Rinku , Singh Kuldeep , Brar Basanti , Goyal Sneh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
The present investigation was carried out to isolate, screen and characterize potential sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) isolated from mustard field's soil.

Methods and Results
A total of 130 bacteria were isolated and after screening five maximum sulfate-producing isolates were optimized for culture conditions. The incubation time of 48 h was found optimum for all bacterial isolates and 30°C was the best temperature for the growth of SSD11, SSR1 and SSG8 whereas 35°C for SSF17. The pH 8 was found best for all four isolates except SSF17 (6 pH). Media having glucose as a carbon source and ammonium sulphate as an N-source were producing maximum sulphate. The isolates SSF17, SSR1 and SSG8 were identified as Burkholderia cepacia (accession no. MT559819), Enterobacter cloacae (accession no. MT559820) and Klebsiella oxytoca (accession no. MT372097), respectively, on the basis of morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. The isolates were also found to increase N and S uptake efficiently in both wheat and mustard crops.

Conclusion
This study strongly concludes that SOB isolated from the mustard field can oxidize sulfur in vitro and in vivo conditions. The three best isolates come out of the study were identified as Burkholderia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella strains. Also, inoculation of SOB increased the uptake of S and N nutrient in mustard and wheat crops and thus may be proved as an important plant growth-promoting bacteria having the biofertilization capability.

Significance and Impact of the study
As we know, our soil is continuously deteriorating day by day due to excessive utilization and immoderate use of chemical fertilizers. The SOB could minimize the application of chemical fertilizers thus reducing environmental deterioration by improving soil health in sustainable agricultural practices.
Effectiveness of combined use of targeted pressure energy, radiofrequency, and high‐intensity focused electromagnetic fields to improve skin quality and appearance of fat and muscle tissue in different body parts
Authors: Duncan Diane Irvine , Busso Mariano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundInevitable signs of aging are especially noticeable in middle to elder age when stretch marks, loose skin, cellulite, and body‐contour changes naturally appear.AimsTo verify efficacy of high‐intensity focused electromagnetic field (HIFEM), radiofrequency (RF), and Targeted Pressure Energy (TPE) combination treatment to address unfavorable changes in skin, fat, and muscle tissue.MethodsThe device simultaneously emitting monopolar RF and TPE energies was consecutively combined with simultaneous HIFEM+RF procedure in 32 subjects (21–64 years, 17.4–33.5 kg/m2) for treatment of thighs (N = 15; back, inner, or front), buttocks/saddlebags (N = 7), abdomen (N = 8), and upper arms (N = 2). All patients underwent four weekly, combined treatments of 30‐min HIFEM+RF procedure followed by 15–30 min RF+TPE, depending on treatment area. Circumferential measurements, digital photographs, subject satisfaction, and comfort questionnaires were assessed up to 3‐months post‐treatment.ResultsMajority of participants found treatments comfortable, no adverse events occurred. Subjects showed substantial improvement in all treated areas from 1‐month follow‐up. Combination of HIFEM+RF, monopolar RF, and TPE resulted in significant circumference decrease. Generally, more pronounced results were seen at 3 months when subjects showed −5.2 cm on abdomen, −3.0 cm on thighs, and −5.5 cm on saddlebags, respectively. Ninety‐four percent of subjects were satisfied with treatment results, most noticed improvement in cellulite, skin laxity, and muscle definition.ConclusionsResults showed high patient satisfaction and efficacy in improving body contour and skin quality. Combining simultaneous HIFEM+RF procedure with simultaneous monopolar RF+TPE treatments considerably enhanced body contour and skin tissue. The procedure proved versatile and may effectively treat multiple body parts.