bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Концепція розвитку телекомунікацій в Україні
Authors: Тюндер І.С. 
Published: February 2022

Розглянуто питання концепції розвитку телекомунікацій в України, стану ринку телекомунікацій. Концепція розвитку телекомунікацій в Україні відповідно до Закону України "Про телекомунікації" визначає основні засади і напрями подальшого розвитку телекомунікаційних мереж загального користування в ринкових умовах і спрямована на досягнення стратегічних інтересів та конкурентоспроможності України на міжнародному ринку.
Телекомунікації відіграють значну роль в соціальній та економічній діяльності суспільства, забезпечуючи підтримку розвитку економіки держави та соціальної сфери. Розвиток телекомунікацій повинен здійснюватися випереджувальними темпами порівняно із загальними темпами розвитку економіки і буде визначальним на найближчу і більш віддалену перспективу. Повільні темпи розвитку телекомунікацій спричиняють зниження конкурентоспроможності економіки України. Телекомунікації відіграють значну роль у прискоренні розвитку економіки та соціальної сфери.
Відповідно до фінансово - економічних показників без урахування ПДВ, які наведені за даними операторів, провайдерів телекомунікацій, наданих до НКРЗІ, розглянуто стан ринку телекомунікацій. У процесі аналізу стану ринку телекомунікаційних послуг визначено співвідношення показників розвитку галузі із загальними тенденціями розвитку економіки України. Динаміка кількості абонентів фіксованого телефонного зв’язку за період 2013-2021 років свідчить про зменшення попиту споживачів в таких послугах. Доведено, що прискореним темпом розвиваються послуги з надання кабельного телебачення, а також доступу до мережі «Інтернет». Визначено, що основними сегментами на ринку телекомунікаційних послуг залишаються мобільний, фіксований та широкосмуговий (комп’ютерний) зв’язок. Виокремлено проблеми, що стримують розбудову телекомунікацій в Україні, стратегія розвитку телекомунікацій спрямована насамперед на розв'язання зазначених проблем. Досягнення зазначених цілей розвитку телекомунікацій дасть змогу істотно оновити і розширити важливу інфраструктурну складову економіки України.
Звернено увагу на те, що розвиток телекомунікацій України як стратегічно важливого елемента національної безпеки скоротить відставання від розвинутих країн, задовольнить потреби економічного та суспільного розвитку, національної безпеки та оборони держави.
Optimization of Mechanical Tissue Dissociation Using an Integrated Microfluidic Device for Improved Generation of Single Cells Following Digestion
Authors: Aliaghaei Marzieh , Haun Jered B. 
Published: February 2022

The dissociation of tissue and cell aggregates into single cells is of high interest for single cell analysis studies, primary cultures, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. However, current methods are slow, poorly controlled, variable, and can introduce artifacts. We previously developed a microfluidic device that contains two separate dissociation modules, a branching channel array and nylon mesh filters, which was used as a polishing step after tissue processing with a microfluidic digestion device. Here, we employed the integrated disaggregation and filtration (IDF) device as a standalone method with both cell aggregates and traditionally digested tissue to perform a well-controlled and detailed study into the effect of mechanical forces on dissociation, including modulation of flow rate, device pass number, and even the mechanism. Using a strongly cohesive cell aggregate model, we found that single cell recovery was highest using flow rates exceeding 40 ml/min and multiple passes through the filter module, either with or without the channel module. For minced and digested kidney tissue, recovery of diverse cell types was maximal using multiple passes through the channel module and only a single pass through the filter module. Notably, we found that epithelial cell recovery from the optimized IDF device alone exceeded our previous efforts, and this result was maintained after reducing digestion time to 20 min. However, endothelial cells and leukocytes still required extended digestion time for maximal recover. These findings highlight the significance of parameter optimization to achieve the highest cell yield and viability based on tissue sample size, extracellular matrix content, and strength of cell-cell interactions.
Identification of Hypoxia–Immune-Related Gene Signatures and Construction of a Prognostic Model in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Bai Shuheng , Chen Ling , Yan Yanli , Wang Xuan , Jiang Aimin , Li Rong , Kang Haojing , Feng Zhaode , Li Guangzu , Ma Wen , Zhang Jiangzhou , Ren Juan 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), a kind of malignant disease, is a severe threat to public health. Tracking the information of tumor progression and conducting a related dynamic prognosis model are necessary for KIRC. It is crucial to identify hypoxia–immune-related genes and construct a prognostic model due to immune interaction and the influence of hypoxia in the prognosis of patients with KIRC.Methods: The hypoxia and immune status of KIRC patients were identified by utilizing t-SNE and ImmuCellAI for gene expression data. COX and Lasso regression were used to identify some hypoxia–immune-related signature genes and further construct a prognostic risk model based on these genes. Internal and external validations were also conducted to construct a prognostic model. Finally, some potentially effective drugs were screened by the CMap dataset.Results: We found that high-hypoxia and low-immune status tend to induce poor overall survival (OS). Six genes, including PLAUR, UCN, PABPC1L, SLC16A12, NFE2L3, and KCNAB1, were identified and involved in our hypoxia–immune-related prognostic risk model. Internal verification showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for the constructed models for 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS were 0.768, 0.754, 0.775, and 0.792, respectively. For the external verification, the AUC for 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS were 0.768, 0.739, 0.763, and 0.643 respectively. Furthermore, the decision curve analysis findings demonstrated excellent clinical effectiveness. Finally, we found that four drugs (including vorinostat, fludroxycortide, oxolinic acid, and flutamide) might be effective and efficient in alleviating or reversing the status of severe hypoxia and poor infiltration of immune cells.Conclusion: Our constructed prognostic model, based on hypoxia–immune-related genes, has excellent effectiveness and clinical application value. Moreover, some small-molecule drugs are screened to alleviate severe hypoxia and poor infiltration of immune cells.
Insights Into the Mn(VII) and Cr(VI) Adsorption Mechanisms on Purified Diatomite/MCM-41 Composite: Experimental Study and Statistical Physics Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Inas A. , Badawi Michael , Bonilla-Petriciolet Adrián , Lima Eder C. , Seliem Moaaz K. , Mobarak Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

In this study, a purified diatomite (PD) with a concentration of diatom frustules more than 92% SiO2 was utilized to synthesize a composite of MCM-41 silica under hydrothermal conditions. The as-synthesized PD/MCM-41 composite was characterized and tested as an adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) ions from aqueous solution. Results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the diatom frustules of the PD were coated with MCM-41 mesoporous silica. Experimental isotherms of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) adsorption were fitted to classical and advanced statistical physics models at 25°C–55°C and pH 3. The Langmuir model estimated monolayer adsorption capacities ranging from 144.1 to 162.2 mg/g for Cr(VI) and 166.2 to 177.0 mg/g for Mn(VII), which improved with increasing the solution temperature. Steric and energetic parameters obtained from a monolayer adsorption model with one adsorption site was utilized to explain the adsorption mechanism at a microscopic level. The number of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) ions adsorbed on PD/MCM-41 active site (n) were 1.25–1.27 for Cr(VI) and 1.27–1.32 for Mn(VII), thus suggesting multi-interaction mechanisms. The density of PD/MCM-41 active sites (DM) was a key parameter to explain the adsorption of these heavy metals. The adsorbed quantities were maximum at 55°C, thus obtaining 102.8 and 110.7 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Mn(VII), respectively. Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) adsorption energies ranged from 18.48 to 26.70 kJ/mol and corresponded to an endothermic adsorption with physical forces. Entropy, free enthalpy, and internal energy associated to the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) ions were calculated, thus indicating that the removal of these pollutants was spontaneous. Overall, this article offers new interpretations for the Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) adsorption mechanisms on PD/MCM-41 composite, which are relevant to contribute to the development of effective water treatment processes.
Lignin-Based/Polypyrrole Carbon Nanofiber Electrode With Enhanced Electrochemical Properties by Electrospun Method
Authors: Hu Zhou-Rui , Li Dan-Dan , Kim Tae-Hee , Kim Min-Seok , Xu Ting , Ma Ming-Guo , Choi Sun-Eun , Si Chuanling 
Published: February 2022

Tailoring the structure and properties of lignin is an important step toward electrochemical applications. In this study, lignin/polypyrrole (PPy) composite electrode films with microporous and mesoporous structures were designed effectively by electrostatic spinning, carbonization, and in situ polymerization methods. The lignin can not only reduce the cost of carbon fiber but also increase the specific surface area of composite films due to the removal of carbonyl and phenolic functional groups of lignin during carbonization. Besides, the compact three-dimensional (3D) conductive network structures were constructed with PPy particles densely coated on the lignin nanofibers, which was helpful to improve the conductivity and fast electron transfer during the charging and discharging processes. The synthesized lignin carbon fibers/PPy anode materials had good electrochemical performance in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The results showed that, at a current density of 1 A g−1, the lignin carbon nanofibers/PPy (LCNFs/PPy) had a larger specific capacitance of 213.7 F g−1 than carbon nanofibers (CNFs), lignin carbon nanofibers (LCNFs), and lignin/PPy fiber (LPAN/PPy). In addition, the specific surface area of LCNFs/PPy reached 872.60 m2 g−1 and the average pore size decreased to 2.50 nm after being coated by PPy. Therefore, the independent non-binder and self-supporting conductive film is expected to be a promising electrode material for supercapacitors with high performance.
Predicting Pulmonary Function From the Analysis of Voice: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Alam Md. Zahangir , Simonetti Albino , Brillantino Raffaele , Tayler Nick , Grainge Chris , Siribaddana Pandula , Nouraei S. A. Reza , Batchelor James , Rahman M. Sohel , Mancuzo Eliane V. , Holloway John W. , Holloway Judith A. , Rezwan Faisal I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionTo self-monitor asthma symptoms, existing methods (e.g. peak flow metre, smart spirometer) require special equipment and are not always used by the patients. Voice recording has the potential to generate surrogate measures of lung function and this study aims to apply machine learning approaches to predict lung function and severity of abnormal lung function from recorded voice for asthma patients.MethodsA threshold-based mechanism was designed to separate speech and breathing from 323 recordings. Features extracted from these were combined with biological factors to predict lung function. Three predictive models were developed using Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and linear regression algorithms: (a) regression models to predict lung function, (b) multi-class classification models to predict severity of lung function abnormality, and (c) binary classification models to predict lung function abnormality. Training and test samples were separated (70%:30%, using balanced portioning), features were normalised, 10-fold cross-validation was used and model performances were evaluated on the test samples.ResultsThe RF-based regression model performed better with the lowest root mean square error of 10·86. To predict severity of lung function impairment, the SVM-based model performed best in multi-class classification (accuracy = 73.20%), whereas the RF-based model performed best in binary classification models for predicting abnormal lung function (accuracy = 85%).ConclusionOur machine learning approaches can predict lung function, from recorded voice files, better than published approaches. This technique could be used to develop future telehealth solutions including smartphone-based applications which have potential to aid decision making and self-monitoring in asthma.
Sustainability of the Effects and Impacts of Using Digital Technology to Extend Maternal Health Services to Rural and Hard-to-Reach Populations: Experience From Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Akeju David , Okusanya Babasola , Okunade Kehinde , Ajepe Adegbenga , Allsop Matthew J. , Ebenso Bassey 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundNigeria has one of the worst health and development profiles globally. A weak health system, poor infrastructure, and varied socio-cultural factors are cited as inhibitors to optimal health system performance and improved maternal and child health status. eHealth has become a major solution to closing these gaps in health care delivery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This research reports the use of satellite communication (SatCom) technology and the existing 3G mobile network for providing video training (VTR) for health workers and improving the digitization of healthcare data.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the expected project outcomes that were achieved at the end-line evaluation of 2019 were sustained 12 months after the project ended.MethodsFrom March 2017 to March 2019, digital innovations including VTR and data digitization interventions were delivered in 62 healthcare facilities in Ondo State, southwest Nigeria, most of which lacked access to a 3G mobile network. Data collection for the evaluation combined documents' review with quantitative data extracted from health facility registers, and 24 of the most significant change stories to assess the longevity of the outcomes and impacts of digital innovation in the four domains of healthcare: use of eHealth technology for data management, utilization of health facilities by patients, the standard of care, and staff attitude. Stories of the most significant changes were audio-recorded, transcribed for analysis, and categorized by the above domains to identify the most significant changes 12 months after the project closedown.ResultsFindings showed that four project outcomes which were achieved at end-line evaluation were sustained 12 months after project closedown namely: staff motivation and satisfaction; increased staff confidence to perform healthcare roles; improved standard of healthcare delivery; and increased adoption of eHealth innovations beyond the health sector. Conversely, an outcome that was reversed following the discontinuation of SatCom from health facilities is the availability of accurate and reliable data for decision-making.ConclusionDigital technology can have lasting impacts on health workers, patients, and the health system, through improving data management for decision-making, the standard of maternity service delivery, boosting attendance at health facilities, and utilization of services. Locally driven investment is essential for ensuring the long-term survival of eHealth projects to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs) in LMICs.
Methylphenidate Use and Infectious Diseases in Children With Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Chen Vincent Chin-Hung , Kao Kai-Liang , Chen Yi-Lung , Wu Shu-I , Lee Min-Jing , Gossop Michael 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveChildren with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have more visits to the emergency department (ED) due to injuries than those without ADHD. However, no study has investigated whether children with ADHD have more ED visits or hospitalizations due to infectious diseases (IDs) and whether methylphenidate (MPH) treatment may reduce the risk.MethodThe incidence of ID-related ED visits or hospitalizations was defined as the main outcome. The Cox regression and conditional Poisson regression models were calculated to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) in the population level and relative risks for the self-controlled case series design, respectively.ResultsChildren with ADHD had higher rates of emergency visits (HR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.23~1.27) and hospitalizations (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.26~1.31) due to IDs than those without ADHD. In the ADHD subgroup, those who received MPH treatment have a reduced risk of emergency visits (HR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.09~0.10) and hospitalizations (HR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.71~0.75), compared to those without treatment. The risk of ID-related emergency visits decreased to 0.21 (95% CI: 0.21~0.22); and hospitalizations decreased to 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69~0.73). Within self-controlled analysis, it is demonstrated that compared with non-MPH exposed period, children with ADHD had significantly decreased risks for infection-related emergency visits (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.68~0.78) or hospitalizations (RR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.17~0.21) during MPH-exposed periods.Conclusions and RelevanceThis is the first study that reported an increased risk of ID-related healthcare utilizations in children with ADHD compared to those without, and that such risks may be significantly reduced in ADHD children that received MPH treatment.
Identification of UBE2I as a Novel Biomarker in ccRCC Based on a Large-Scale CRISPR-Cas9 Screening Database and Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Li Feng , Lai Li , You Zhijie , Cheng Hui , Guo Guodong , Tang Chenchen , Xu Luyun , Liu Hongxia , Zhong Wenting , Lin Youyu , Wang Qingshui , Lin Yao , Wei Yongbao 
Published: February 2022

Background: The genome-wide CRISPR-cas9 dropout screening has emerged as an outstanding approach for characterization of driver genes of tumor growth. The present study aims to investigate core genes related to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell viability by analyzing the CRISPR-cas9 screening database DepMap, which may provide a novel target in ccRCC therapy.Methods: Candidate genes related to ccRCC cell viability by CRISPR-cas9 screening from DepMap and genes differentially expressed between ccRCC tissues and normal tissues from TCGA were overlapped. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, and protein–protein interaction network analysis were applied for the overlapped genes. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to construct a signature to predict the overall survival (OS) of ccRCC patients and validated in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and E-MTAB-1980 database. Core protein expression was determined using immunohistochemistry in 40 cases of ccRCC patients.Results: A total of 485 essential genes in the DepMap database were identified and overlapped with differentially expressed genes in the TCGA database, which were enriched in the cell cycle pathway. A total of four genes, including UBE2I, NCAPG, NUP93, and TOP2A, were included in the gene signature based on LASSO regression. The high-risk score of ccRCC patients showed worse OS compared with these low-risk patients in the ICGC and E-MTAB-1980 validation cohort. UBE2I was screened out as a key gene. The immunohistochemistry indicated UBE2I protein was highly expressed in ccRCC tissues, and a high-level nuclear translocation of UBE2I occurs in ccRCC. Based on the area under the curve (AUC) values, nuclear UBE2I had the best diagnostic power (AUC = 1). Meanwhile, the knockdown of UBE2I can inhibit the proliferation of ccRCC cells.Conclusion: UBE2I, identified by CRISPR-cas9 screening, was a core gene-regulating ccRCC cell viability, which accumulated in the nucleus and acted as a potential novel promising diagnostic biomarker for ccRCC patients. Blocking the nuclear translocation of UBE2I may have potential therapeutic value with ccRCC patients.
Admission Random Blood Glucose, Fasting Blood Glucose, Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio, and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Chen Guangyong , Ren Junli , Huang Honghao , Shen Jiamin , Yang Chenguang , Hu Jingyu , Pan Wenjing , Sun Fangyue , Zhou Xinbo , Zeng Tian , Li Shengqi , Yang Dehao , Weng Yiyun 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundStress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), calculated as glucose/glycated hemoglobin, has recently been developed for assessing stress hyperglycemia and could provide prognostic information for various diseases. However, calculating SHR using random blood glucose (RBG) drawn on admission or fasting blood glucose (FBG) could lead to different results. This study intends to evaluate the association between SHR and functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) intravenous thrombolysis.MethodsData from 230 patients with AIS following thrombolytic therapy with r-tPA in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from April 2016 to April 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. SHR1 was defined as [RBG (mmol/L)]/[HbA1c (%)] and SHR2 was defined as [FBG (mmol/L)]/[HbA1c (%)]. The outcomes included early neurological improvement (ENI), poor function defined as a modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) of 3–6, and all-cause death in 3 months. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between SHR and adverse outcomes.ResultsAfter adjustment for possible confounders, though patients with AIS with higher SHR1 tend to have a higher risk of poor outcome and death and unlikely to develop ENI, these did not reach the statistical significance. In contrast, SHR2 was independently associated with poor functional outcome (per 0.1-point increases: odds ratios (OR) = 1.383 95% CI [1.147–1.668]). Further adjusted for body mass index (BMI), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), and diabetes slightly strengthen the association between SHR (both 1 and 2) and adverse outcomes. In subgroup analysis, elevated SHR1 is associated with poor functional outcomes (per 0.1-point increases: OR = 1.246 95% CI [1.041–1.492]) in non-diabetic individuals and the association between SHR2 and the poor outcomes was attenuated in non-cardioembolic AIS.ConclusionSHR is expected to replace random or fasting glucose concentration as a novel generation of prognostic indicator and a potential therapeutic target.