bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial, efficient and sustainable CS/PVA/GA electrospun nanofiber membrane for air filtration
Authors: Yang Bochen , Wang Jing , Kang Le , Gao Xiaoping , Zhao Ke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, a large number of disposable protective masks have been manufactured and used, and the abandonment of masks has caused enormous pollution. In this paper the chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and water were used as raw materials and the nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrostatic spinning. The CS/PVA fiber membranes were crosslinked by glutaraldehyde hydrochloric acid vapour. The fiber morphology, hydrolysis resistance, antibacterial properties, chemical structure, thermal stability and filtration performance of nanofiber membranes were characterized. Results shows that the antibacterial performance of the crosslinked composite nanofibers exceeds 97%, the thermal stability is improved, and the fiber morphology is not destroyed. The hybridized fiber membrane has high filtration performance, excellent antibacterial and hydrolysis resistance, which broadening the PVA fiber membrane application. It is expected to replace traditional protective materials and relieve environmental pressure.
Investigating the binding properties of NbC/Fe-based composite layer and HT300 through experiments and simulations
Authors: Zhao Nana , Shan Rui , Wang Zihan , Yao Teli , Ren Congcong , Liu Heguang , Li Shujuan , Xu Yunhua , Cui Zhen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this work, the hot-pressing diffusion method was used for the fabrication of a novel composite structure. More specifically, by keeping the temperature constant at 1000 °C and applying a pressure value of 40 MPa for 60 min, α 90 min and 120 min, respectively, the NbC/Fe composite layer on the surface of HT300 was formed. The microstructure, element distribution, microhardness, bonding property and scratch deformation characteristics of NbC/Fe composite layer were studied, and the fracture mode was studied by simulation and tensile test at the micro level. The results show that the main components of the NbC/Fe composite layer prepared in the experiment are α- Fe and NbC, the composition of the composite layer is pure. The thickness of NbC/Fe composite layer prepared with 60 min, 90 min and 120 min holding time is 5 μm, 15 μm and 23 μm. The hardness of the composite layer can reach 2096.4 HV0.1; The bonding property between the NbC/Fe composite layer and the matrix is the best when the heat preservation is 120 min. Because the tensile fracture is brittle and the fracture location is in the NbC/Fe composite layer, the bonding strength between the composite layer and the matrix is greater than 297MPa, which has excellent bonding properties. In the scratch test, the longer the holding time is, the stronger the bonding ability between the reinforcing layer and the matrix is, 41.2N (90 min) and 75.75N (120 min) respectively. The fracture mechanism in the NbC/Fe composite layer was simulated by abaqus. The fracture of the composite layer was caused by the propagation of microcracks caused by the stress concentration at the sharp corner of square NbC particles in the layer.
High efficiency GHz laser processing with long bursts
Authors: Audouard Eric , Mottay Eric 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bursts of GHz repetition rate pulses involve more ablation mechanisms than single femtosecond pulses. Efficient ablation by GHz laser pulses is a multi-step process, consisting of a first thermal incubation phase, followed by a highly efficient ablation phase. GHz ablation therefore combines thermal and non-thermal ablation mechanisms. With an optimal choice of the burst duration, the ablation efficiency can be highly enhanced. Long bursts, comprising tens of pulses to hundreds of pulses, are needed to take full advantage of the increase in ablation efficiency.
Treenome Browser: co-visualization of enormous phylogenies and millions of genomes
Authors: Kramer Alexander M , Sanderson Theo , Corbett-Detig Russell 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Summary
Treenome Browser is a web browser tool to interactively visualize millions of genomes alongside huge phylogenetic trees.

Availability and implementation
Treenome Browser for SARS-CoV-2 can be accessed at cov2tree.org, or at taxonium.org for user-provided trees. Source code and documentation are available at github.com/theosanderson/taxonium and docs.taxonium.org/en/latest/treenome.html.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
IBCOx-14 Excess weight loss variability bt age group after gastric bypass in a large volume center
Authors: Rodriguez-Quintero J , Garcia Cabrera A T , Flores F M , Choi J , Moran-Atkin E , Camach D R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB) is one of the principal bariatric procedures performed around the world. It allows for the reduction of around 60-70% of excess weight loss at 2 years after the procedure. However, the reproducibility of these outcomes across age groups has been controversial, especially in the extremes of age. This study assessed one-year percentage of excess weight loss after LRYGB comparing the different age groups operated in our center.

Methods
Our hospital's -MBSAQIP database for years 2014 - 2017 was used. Patients were included if they underwent primary RYGB. The patient´s age underwent analysis of normality allowing for the division of our sample in four quartiles. A one-way Welch ANOVA test was conducted to determine if the percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) one year after surgery was different between the 4 groups. Data are presented as mean +/- standard deviation. A p-value of &lt;.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 803 patients underwent non-revisional LRYGB in the analyzed period. Mean %EWL at one year was 59.2% in the whole sample. However, when compared between groups, there was a statistically significant difference in %EWL: 61.9 vs. 59.3 vs.60 vs. 56.1. (p=0.003)

Conclusions
There is a difference in the percentage of excess weight loss one year after LRYGB based on the age group in our patient population. The quartile of age presenting the less %EWL was the eldest.
Construction of a prognostic model for lung squamous cell carcinoma based on immune-related genes
Authors: Pu Jiangtao , Teng Zhangyu , Yang Wenxing , Zhu Peiquan , Zhang Tao , Zhang Dengguo , Wang Biao , Hu Zhi , Song Qi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) lacks appropriate prognostic and diagnostic strategies. Available studies suggest the effectiveness of immunotherapy for LUSC, but effective molecular markers are still insufficient. We obtained mRNA expression and clinical information of LUSC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Enrichment levels of immune-related genes were revealed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to immunity were obtained by differential analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. In addition, Cox regression analysis combined with LASSO method was utilized to identify immune-related prognostic genes, and an immune-related prognostic model was constructed. Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to verify the accuracy of the model. Finally, a nomogram and calibration curve were drawn to predict LUSC patients’ survival. Samples were assigned into high-, medium- and low-immune groups. Compared with low- and medium-immune groups, high-immune group enriched more immune cells, with higher immune infiltration degree, and higher expression of immune checkpoints and human leukocyte antigen. DEGs were enriched in biological processes and signaling pathways related to immunity. Eleven genes (ONECUT3, MAGED4, SULT2A1, HPR, S100A5, IRS4, DPP6, FGF8, TEX38, PLAAT1 and CLEC3A) were obtained to construct an immune-related prognostic model. Riskscore served as an independent prognostic factor. Besides, the nomogram prediction model could predict disease progression in LUSC patients. The constructed risk assessment model for LUSC immune-related genes could assess LUSC patients’ prognoses with great efficacy, providing guidance for the clinical treatment of LUSC.
Development, Robustness by Design Expert and Validation of a Method for Enantiomeric Impurity Content Determination in Pretomanid Drug Substance and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form
Authors: Surapuraju Pavan Kumar Raju , Juturu Raveendra Reddy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
For the purpose of identifying enantiomeric impurities in the drug substance and pharmaceutical dosage forms of the novel anti-TB medication pretomanid, an RP-high-performance liquid chromatography method was devised. To ensure the robustness of the optimized approach, analytical quality by design was used. Studies on factor screening and risk evaluation helped pinpoint the critical method parameters (CMPs); resolution (R1), analyte retention time (R2) and tailing factor (R3) are those terms. Pareto charts, half-normal plots, 3D surface plots, 2D contour plots and 3D cube plots were used to study the effects of solo and interactive CMPs on critical analytical attributes. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to verify the technique parameters’ confirmation of significance (P = 0.05). With a Chiral Cel OJ-3R (150 × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) and a mobile phase consisting of 20 mM of ammonium trifluoroacetate, pH = 2.5, and acetonitrile in a gradient mode, chromatographic separation was accomplished. At 30°C and 330 nm, the column’s temperature and wavelength, respectively, were recorded. The procedure is stability-indicating and is LC–MS compatible. According to the International Conference on Harmonization tripartite guidelines, the method demonstrated appropriate specificity, sensitivity, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The LOD and LOQ were, respectively, 0.09 and 0.3 μg/mL. With a correlation coefficient of &gt;0.990, it was discovered that the established method for enantiomeric impurity was linear over the concentration range of 0.3–2.25μg/mL. The approach exhibits adequate accuracy (%recovery = 85–115%), robustness (%RSD = 5.0) and precision (%RSD = 5.0). The method was also shown to be stability-indicating and was shown to provide effective separation in the presence of degradation products through the use of forced degradation tests.
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and orthostatic hypotension in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Hanson Justin , Richley Michael , Hsu Jeffrey J , Lin Jeannette , Afshar Yalda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) often experience the addition of new symptoms after recovery from COVID-19 illness. These may include orthostatic intolerance and autonomic dysfunction, and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome has been described to occur in a proportion of patients with PASC.

Case summary
In this report, we present a 32-year-old pregnant woman (G3P2) who experiences severe orthostatic symptoms as part of her PASC syndrome, which is decoupled from normal physiologic changes of pregnancy. At 25 weeks of gestation, she was evaluated for increasing episodes of dyspnoea, marked tachycardia with minimal exertion, intermittent non-exertional chest pain, and presyncope. This patient had a moderate course of COVID-19 at 12 weeks of gestation, for which she received monoclonal antibody therapy (casirivimab/imdevimab). The patient then had complete resolution of COVID-19 symptoms and felt well for 1 month prior to developing orthostatic symptoms at 25 weeks of gestation. Evaluation with a NASA Lean Test revealed marked orthostatic tachycardia, as well as delayed orthostatic hypotension. Given her COVID-19 illness 4 months prior, PASC involving autonomic dysfunction was diagnosed.

Discussion
Patients with orthostatic symptoms in PASC should be carefully evaluated with dedicated active stand tests, such as the NASA Lean Test, to characterize the autonomic response to standing. In pregnant patients, an understanding of normal pregnancy physiology is crucial to correctly identify abnormal findings in such tests.
Aging-Related Multisystem Dysregulation Over the Adult Life Span and Physical Function in Later Life: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Lu Yifei , Pike James R , Kucharska-Newton Anna M , Palta Priya , Whitsel Eric A , Bey Ganga S , Zannas Anthony S , Windham B Gwen , Walker Keenan A , Griswold Michael , Heiss Gerardo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Multisystem dysregulation (Dm) shows promise as a metric of aging and predicts mortality. However, Dm needs to be studied with less severe endpoints indicating modifiable aging stages. Physical function, reflecting healthy longevity rather than just longevity, is more relevant to the goals of geroscience but has not been well investigated.

Methods
We tested the association of midlife Dm and its change over ~20 years with physical function in later life in 5 583 the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study cohort participants (baseline mean age 54.7). Dm quantifies the multivariate statistical deviation of 17 physiologically motivated biomarkers relative to their distribution in a young healthy sample at baseline. Physical function was assessed from grip strength and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Associations were quantified using linear regression and ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, race, and education.

Results
Each unit increment in midlife Dm was associated with 1.71 times the odds of having a lower SPPB score. Compared to the first quartile of midlife Dm, the odds ratios of having a lower SPPB score were 1.25, 1.56, and 2.45, respectively, for the second–fourth quartiles. Similar graded association patterns were observed for each SPPB component test and grip strength. An inverse monotonic relationship also was observed between the annual growth rate of Dm and physical function.

Conclusion
Greater Dm and progression in midlife were associated with lower physical function in later life. Future studies on the factors that lead to the progression of Dm may highlight opportunities to preserve physical function.
3D-Beacons: decreasing the gap between protein sequences and structures through a federated network of protein structure data resources
Authors: Varadi Mihaly , Nair Sreenath , Sillitoe Ian , Tauriello Gerardo , Anyango Stephen , Bienert Stefan , Borges Clemente , Deshpande Mandar , Green Tim , Hassabis Demis , Hatos Andras , Hegedus Tamas , Hekkelman Maarten L , Joosten Robbie , Jumper John , Laydon Agata , Molodenskiy Dmitry , Piovesan Damiano , Salladini Edoardo , Salzberg Steven L , Sommer Markus J , Steinegger Martin , Suhajda Erzsebet , Svergun Dmitri , Tenorio-Ku Luiggi , Tosatto Silvio , Tunyasuvunakool Kathryn , Waterhouse Andrew Mark , Žídek Augustin , Schwede Torsten , Orengo Christine , Velankar Sameer 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While scientists can often infer the biological function of proteins from their 3-dimensional quaternary structures, the gap between the number of known protein sequences and their experimentally determined structures keeps increasing. A potential solution to this problem is presented by ever more sophisticated computational protein modeling approaches. While often powerful on their own, most methods have strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, it benefits researchers to examine models from various model providers and perform comparative analysis to identify what models can best address their specific use cases. To make data from a large array of model providers more easily accessible to the broader scientific community, we established 3D-Beacons, a collaborative initiative to create a federated network with unified data access mechanisms. The 3D-Beacons Network allows researchers to collate coordinate files and metadata for experimentally determined and theoretical protein models from state-of-the-art and specialist model providers and also from the Protein Data Bank.
The 2015–2017 Pamir earthquake sequence: foreshocks, main shocks and aftershocks, seismotectonics, fault interaction and fluid processes
Authors: Bloch Wasja , Metzger Sabrina , Schurr Bernd , Yuan Xiaohui , Ratschbacher Lothar , Reuter Sanaa , Xu Qiang , Zhao Junmeng , Murodkulov Shokhruhk , Oimuhammadzoda Ilhomjon 
Published: November 2022

SUMMARYA sequence of three strong (MW7.2, 6.4, 6.6) earthquakes struck the Pamir of Central Asia in 2015–2017. With a local seismic network, we recorded the succession of the foreshock, main shock and aftershock sequences at local distances with good azimuthal coverage. We located 11 784 seismic events and determined 33 earthquake moment tensors. The seismicity delineates the tectonic structures of the Pamir in unprecedented detail, that is the thrusts that absorb shortening along the Pamir’s thrust front, and the strike-slip and normal faults that dissect the Pamir Plateau into a westward extruding block and a northward advancing block. Ruptures on the kinematically dissimilar faults were activated subsequently from the initial MW 7.2 Sarez event at times and distances that follow a diffusion equation. All main shock areas but the initial one exhibited foreshock activity, which was not modulated by the occurrence of the earlier earthquakes. Modelling of the static Coulomb stress changes indicates that aftershock triggering occurred over distances of ≤90 km on favourably oriented faults. The third event in the sequence, the MW 6.6 Muji earthquake, ruptured despite its repeated stabilization through stress transfer in the order of –10 kPa. To explain the accumulation of MW &gt; 6 earthquakes, we reason that the initial main shock may have increased nearby fault permeability, and facilitated fluid migration into the mature fault zones, eventually triggering the later large earthquakes.
Stochastic frontier approach to efficiency analysis of health facilities in providing services for non-communicable diseases in eight LMICs
Authors: Bala Muhammad Muazu , Singh Shailender , Gautam Dhruba Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The rising burden of non-communicable diseases presents an increasing public health challenge to many low- and middle-income countries. This problem may be compounded in health systems with lower levels of technical efficiency (TE).

Methods
This study used recent Service Provision Assessments data to estimate the level of TEs of health facilities in eight countries. Initially, the general and disease-specific service readiness indexes are estimated. Finally, the production function is estimated using the exposures and the outcomes of the model.

Results
Evidence shows that the general and disease-specific service readiness indexes are significantly associated with an increase in the number of outpatient visits. Outpatient visits may increase by 14% with an increase in health worker density. Similarly, outpatient visits may increase by 0.3% with a unit increase in the general and diabetes service readiness indexes. Furthermore, outpatient visits may increase by 0.4% and 0.8% with an increase in services readiness for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. respectively. Overall, the level of TE score suggests the need for improvement.

Conclusions
Facility-level service readiness for chronic diseases is quite low. Therefore, improving health outcomes related to chronic diseases requires urgent investment in high-quality health systems in these countries.
HCI Research Experiences During the Pandemic: Lessons Learned for the Road Ahead
Authors: Marques Correa Claiton , Diniz Junqueira Barbosa Gabriel , Diniz Junqueira Barbosa Simone , Selbach Silveira Milene 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The social interaction restrictions imposed by COVID-19 required academic researchers to rethink the design of their research projects, especially those that involved human interaction. Considering this scenario, we report here the experience of conducting four studies in Human–Computer Interaction research projects that were adapted to be executed remotely: a focus group study, a communicability evaluation study, a speculative design study and a user observation study. Considering how the studies were planned, executed and analysed, we reflect on the adaptations needed, and lessons related to our experiences. From these lessons, we believe that, even after all the pandemic restrictions are lifted, we may continue conducting at least part of our research studies remotely to increase our geographical reach, reduce costs and facilitate data capture.
Design and reporting of phase III oncology trials with prospective biomarker validation
Authors: Liang Fei , Peng Ling , Wu Zhengyu , Giamas Georgios , Stebbing Justin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Phase III trials with prospective biomarker validation are essential to drug development in the era of personalized oncology. However, concerns have emerged regarding the design and reporting of phase III trials with prospective biomarker validation.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE for phase III oncology trials with prospective biomarker validation published in high-impact medical journals from 2011 to 2020. Information regarding trial design and reporting were extracted. Descriptive methods were used to summarize the results.

Results
We identified 45 phase III trials with prospective biomarker validation. There was a trend for increasing use of biomarker validation phase III trials (from 1 trial in 2011 to 12 trials in 2020). For 39 (86.7%) trials, results in biomarker-negative population were either listed as an exploratory subgroup analysis (62.2%) or not mentioned in the methods (24.4%). Twenty-one (46.7%) trials were originally designed without biomarker validation but were then apparently modified to incorporate prospective biomarker validation after trial commencement, albeit only 15 (33.3%) trials reported this change. Treatment effect and primary outcome values in biomarker-negative patients were not reported in 24.4% and 40.0% trials, respectively. For 18 trials with statistically significant results in the overall population, only 7 trials reported a hazard ratio less than 0.8 in the biomarker-negative population.

Conclusions
Although biomarker validation in phase III trials have been increasingly used in the past decade, issues regarding changes in trial design after commencement without disclosure, underreporting of results in biomarker-negative groups, and recommending treatment in biomarker negative groups despite modest effects require substantial improvement.