bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Like holding the axe on who should live or not’: adolescents’ and adults’ perceptions of valuing children’s health states using a standardised valuation protocol for the EQ-5D-Y-3L
Authors: Åström Mimmi , Conte Helen , Berg Jenny , Burström Kristina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is an increasing interest for using qualitative methods to investigate peoples’ cognitive process when asked to value health states. A standardised valuation protocol for the EQ-5D-Y-3L instrument was recently developed. Little is known regarding how people think, reason, and feel when asked to value health states for children. The aim was to explore how adolescents and adults perceive the task of valuing children’s health states using the standardised valuation protocol.

Methods
This was a qualitative study where adults (n = 10) and adolescents (n = 10) from the general population participated in individual video-interviews. Initially, participants reported their own health with the EQ-5D-3L instrument. Then they were asked to complete several valuations tasks for a 10-year-old child according to the standardised valuation protocol, followed by a semi-structured interview with open-ended questions to further explore participants’ perceptions. A qualitative content analysis was performed.

Results
The two main categories that emerged from the data were ‘Thoughts and feelings when valuing children’s health states’ and ‘Strategies when valuing children’s health states’. Participants expressed feeling doubt, awfulness and being reluctant to trade-off life years, and questioned who has the right to value health states for children. Experience and point of view were strategies participants used to complete the valuation tasks.

Conclusion
The findings from the present study can contribute to the understanding and interpretation of quantitative results where the standardised valuation protocol has been used to derive values for the EQ-5D-Y-3L. Furthermore, results of the study support the feasibility of including adolescents in valuation studies.
Review on bisphenol A and the risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome: an insight from endocrine and gene expression
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Risani , Prabhu Navya B. , Kabekkodu Shama Prasada , Rai Padmalatha S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely studied endocrine disrupting chemicals because of its structural similarity to 17-β estradiol; its ability to bind as an agonist/antagonist to estrogen receptors elicits adverse effects on the functioning of the metabolic and endocrinal system. Therefore, BPA has been thoroughly scrutinized concerning its disruption of pathways like lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis, insulin signaling, and inflammation. This has resulted in reports of its correlation with various aspects of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, male and female reproductive disorders, and dysfunctions. Among these, the occurrence of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in premenopausal women is of great concern. PCOS is a highly prevalent disorder affecting women in their reproductive age and is clinically characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology, along with metabolism-related dysfunctions like hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and insulin resistance. In this review, we analyzed certain researched effects of BPA, while focusing on its ability to alter the expression of various significant genes like GnRH, AdipoQ, ESR1, StAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, and many more involved in the pathways and endocrine regulation, whose disruption is commonly associated with the clinical manifestations of PCOS.
Electricity Market Design and Zero-Marginal Cost Generation
Authors: Hogan William W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurpose of ReviewCompetitive electricity systems arose in the context of thermal generation with dispatchable production and increasing variable costs. This paper addresses key impacts on efficient market design with increasing reliance on renewable energy sources such as solar and wind that are intermittent and have very low marginal costs.Recent FindingsThe basics of efficient electricity markets design have been adopted by all the organized electricity markets in the USA. This is the only competitive electricity market design that supports the principles of open access and non-discrimination.SummaryAn expansion of intermittent zero-marginal cost generation does not change the fundamentals of efficient electricity market design. Rather, it increases the importance of implementing the design and associated reforms that have been identified from market experience. These include improved scarcity pricing, demand participation, and carbon pricing.
Control in the loop for synchronization of nonlinear chaotic systems via adaptive intuitionistic neuro-fuzzy: a comparative study
Authors: Helmy Salah , Magdy Mohamed , Hamdy Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes control in the loop (CIL) for the synchronization between two nonlinear chaotic systems at the existence of uncertainties and disturbances using an adaptive intuitionistic neuro-fuzzy (AINF) control scheme. The chaotic systems have been subedited as one is the master and the other is the slave. They both have different initial conditions and parameters. The variation in the initial conditions leads to the butterfly effect, the concept that is well known in the chaos field and means that both systems diverge over time. Therefore, AINF control scheme has been proposed in this paper as a powerful scheme to get over this problem effectively. The main objective of using the AINF control scheme is that it collects the features of its contents. As the intuitionistic fuzzy gives the system flexibility and helps the controller collecting more information about the problem. The neural networks give the controller the ability to learn over time. The experimental results were obtained to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme against external disturbance and model uncertainties with comparative study.
How Many Single Rulebooks? The EU’s Patchwork Approach to Ensuring Regulatory Consistency in the Area of Investment Management
Authors: Navid Kian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe principle of consistency has undergone a remarkable evolution in the European Union (EU) from a mere political objective to a justiciable constitutional principle of EU law. In the area of financial regulation, regulatory consistency plays a particularly salient role as it is considered a prerequisite for preserving financial stability. In the wake of the 2007/2008 financial crisis, EU policy makers coined the concept of the Single Rulebook, highlighting the importance of a consistent and unified regulatory framework for the EU financial sector with a view to completing the Single Market in financial services and ensuring financial stability. This article examines the progress made towards achieving the Single Rulebook in the area of investment management over a decade after the financial crisis. The post-crisis EU legislation in this area follows a patchwork approach with a multitude of Level 1 and Level 2 directives and regulations that largely rely on the contrived legal form and labels to determine the applicable rules. This form-over-substance approach has created a complicated regulatory regime that is often detached from actual risks for investors and financial stability and thus fails to achieve the overarching policy goal of ensuring regulatory consistency. The central argument put forward in this article is that the Single Rulebook would be better achieved with a substance-over-form approach that addresses substantially similar investor protection and financial stability risks in a consistent manner.
A model predictive control approach for highly automated vehicles in urban environments
Authors: Saljanin Miralem , Müller Sven , Kiebler Jochen , Neubeck Jens , Wagner Andreas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a model predictive control (MPC) approach for the lateral and longitudinal control of a highly automated electric vehicle with all-wheel drive and dual-axis steering is presented. For the prediction of state trajectories a two-track vehicle model is used. The MPC problem for trajectory tracking is formulated by controlling the front and rear steering angle as well as the individual drive torques with respect to actuator and design constraints. Beside the steering angles, the MPC controller computes the individual drive torques to not only match the reference velocity but also to support the lateral dynamics of the vehicle using torque vectoring. The MPC problem is solved using ACADOS, a software package for efficiently solving optimal control problems. The effectiveness of the proposed MPC scheme is demonstrated via simulation.
Making Up for the Past
Authors: O'Grady Patrick , Minick David L. , Stueber Daniel O. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn 2015, the Oregon Archaeological Society (OAS) presented statements to Oregon tribes and the Oregon Legislative Commission on Indian Services acknowledging the troubling history of OAS collecting activities and steps taken to transform the OAS, and sought guidance to address continuing tribal concerns. Tribes encouraged both the return of collections and increased public outreach efforts. Their guidance fueled increased effort by the Collection Recovery Committee (OASCRC), which has facilitated the return of five collections to tribal museums and university curation facilities and coordinated digital preservation of documents. The OAS may be the only avocational society in the United States actively engaged in such efforts, accomplished by a small group of volunteers. Case studies of collections, considerations involved in disposition, and the potential for repatriation and research are highlighted. The OAS seeks to halt dispersal and commodification of cultural objects and encourage academic research. Quick action can assure that the original collectors or descendants provide key site and location information. Educational opportunities can be rendered to the heritage community, and we are uniquely positioned to contribute to that service.
Have Video Games Evolved Enough to Teach Human Origins?
Authors: Snyder William D. 
Published: February 2022

OverviewVideo games are unparalleled as an interactive medium and can serve as potential educational tools through intelligent game design and the players’ immersion in the game world (e.g., Mayo 2009; Rassalle 2021; Rubio-Campillo 2020; Winter 2021). At the same time, video games, like any media, might also misinform (e.g., Aron 2020; Dennis 2019; Emery and Reinhard 2016). In this review, I present my impressions of the game Ancestors: A Humankind Odyssey (Panache Digital Games 2019), specifically regarding its portrayal of paleoanthropological themes. In preparing this review, I played the game in its entirety and subsequently interviewed the developers in order to clarify their intentions when designing the game (Patrice Désilets and Marc-André De Blois, personal communication 2021). Using the medium of video games, is it possible to make a “perfectly” accurate simulation of human evolution? Perhaps, but that may not matter anyway. In my view, video games, as exemplified by Ancestors, have great potential for exploring the basic components of human evolution and to reach and inspire a wider public that might otherwise learn very little about the subject matter.
Water education and water culture in curricula for Primary, Middle and upper Secondary school levels
Authors: Khiri Fouad , Benbrahim Mohamed , Kaid Rassou Khadija , Amahmid Omar , Rakibi Youness , El Guamri Youssef , Itouhar Mohamed , Mrabet Najia , Yazidi Mohamed , Razoki Bouchra , El Badri Aziz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWith water shortage and increasing demand for water, education may have an important role in promoting the sustainable management of water resources. Educational curricula are the key resources used by teachers for studentsʼ teaching and training purposes. This study assessed water culture and water education-related criteria and standards in programmes and school curricula for Primary, Middle and upper Secondary school education in Morocco. It also investigated teachers for suggestions and views regarding methods for water-related topics and concepts implementation. The main tools used consisted of a content analysis grid for programmes and educational guidelines. A questionnaire and interviews were administered to 95 teachers of different subject areas, belonging to the three investigated school levels. Findings showed that the occurrence of water education criteria and standards is weak in school curricula of the investigated school levels. They were explicitly or implicitly addressed depending on the subject areas. The main topics consisted of water cycle definition, water as a vital source, water pollution sources, water economy interest. However, no reference has been made to water law, its accessibility, aesthetics and water-related professions.
Through the ideology of the beholder: how ideology shapes perceptions of partisan groups
Authors: Homola Jonathan , Rogowski Jon C. , Sinclair Betsy , Torres Michelle , Tucker Patrick D. , Webster Steven W. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGrowing attitudinal and affective differences across party lines and increasing social polarization are often attributed to the strengthening of partisanship as a social identity. Scholars have paid less attention to personal preferences as a contributor to these phenomena. Our focus is on how citizens’ policy beliefs—their operational ideologies—are associated with their views of partisan groups. We examine our perspective with two studies. In the first, we find that the attribution of ideologically extreme political views to an individual's peer significantly reduces interest in interpersonal interaction but find limited evidence that partisan group membership alone induces social polarization. In the second, we show that citizens’ policy views are strongly associated with their perceptions of their own partisan group as well as their counterpartisans. Together, our results have important implications for understanding the consequences of increased polarization and partisan antipathy in contemporary politics.
Detection rates of aphid DNA in the guts of larval hoverflies and potential links to the provision of floral resources
Authors: Hodgkiss Dylan , Brown Mark J. F. , Fountain Michelle T. , Clare Elizabeth L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAphidophagous hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae, Syrphinae) are common flower visitors and aphid predators in a range of flowering plants, including fruit crops. Here, we investigate whether aphid prey DNA can be detected in the gut contents of hoverfly larvae from a commercial strawberry field as a proof of concept that a molecular approach can be used to measure agricultural biocontrol. We used high-throughput sequencing (HTS) to target insect DNA and compared the resulting data to reference databases containing aphid and hoverfly DNA sequences. We explored what impact incorporating wildflowers within polythene-clad tunnels may have on aphid DNA detection rates in hoverfly larvae. In a randomized block experiment, coriander (Coriandrum sativum), field forget-me-not (Myosotis arvensis) and corn mint (Mentha arvensis) plants were inserted in rows of strawberries. Their effect on aphid DNA detection rates was assessed. Aphid DNA was found in 55 of 149 specimens (37%) validating the method in principle for measuring agricultural services provided by hoverflies. Interestingly, detection rates were higher near plots with forget-me-not than plots with coriander, though detection rates in control plots did not differ significantly from either wildflower species. These findings confirm that hoverflies predate aphids in UK strawberry fields, and that HTS is a viable method of identifying aphid DNA in predatory hoverflies. We comment on the need for further method development to narrow down identifications of both predator and prey. We furthermore provide some evidence that there is an effect of intercropping strawberry crops with wildflowers which may affect aphid consumption in hoverfly larvae.
Drop-off behaviour of Bt-resistant and Bt-susceptibleHelicoverpa armigera(Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae on Bt-cotton and non-Bt cotton plants
Authors: Luong T. T. A. , Downes S. J. , Perkins L. E. , Zalucki M. P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe highest natural mortality rate of larval Lepidoptera in field populations occurs in the first instar, but it is highly variable. The pattern and degree of survival is not easily predicted but depends on their ability to establish on host plants. Lepidopteran larval dispersal behaviour, known as ‘drop-off’, happens when the host is unsuitable for larvae to settle and begin feeding. Understanding drop-off behaviour ofHelicoverpa armigera(Hübner) with and without physiological resistance to Bt toxins on Bt and non-Bt cotton plants is an important component for resistance management strategies for this insect. We examined the drop-off behaviour ofH. armigerato determine: (1) whether they move the same way or differently in response to Bt and non-Bt, and (2) couldH. armigeralarvae detect Bt toxin levels in cotton plants or did they move independently of toxin levels? In this study, we assessed the drop-off behaviour of Bt-resistant and Bt-susceptibleH. armigeraneonates on artificial diets and cotton plants with and without Bt toxin during the first 12 h after hatching. Bt-resistant and Bt-susceptibleH. armigeraneonates behaved differently on Bt and non-Bt substrates. The percentages of Bt-resistant larvae that dropped off Bt and non-Bt cotton plants were not significantly different. In contrast, significantly more Bt-susceptible larvae dropped off Bt cotton than non-Bt cotton plants over time. Although Bt-susceptible larvae could not detect Bt toxin, they showed preference on non-Bt toxin substrates and were more likely to drop off substrates with Bt toxin.
Ready or Not? The Strength of NDP Riding Associations and the Rise and Fall of the NDP
Authors: Westlake Daniel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Canadian party system experienced a period of remarkable transition between 2006 and 2015, with the New Democratic Party (NDP) and Liberals trading places as the main competitor to the Conservatives. While national-level explanations are often used to explain this volatility, William Cross's research has shown that local association revitalization played a central role in the Liberals’ 2015 resurgence. This article examines the relationship between NDP local spending and success between 2006 and 2015. It shows that the NDP was consistently outspent by its opponents overall but that it often had a spending advantage in marginal ridings. As a result, this article finds little evidence that the NDP's local spending disadvantage cost the NDP seats, even though it finds a positive correlation between NDP local spending and NDP vote share.
Quantifying Quality: A Computational Approach to Literary Value in North Korea
Authors: Berthelier Benoit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article analyzes questions of literary production and literary value in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) using quantitative methods and data sets covering a significant part of the country's literary and intellectual output over forty years (1977–2016). The first part of the article adopts a thematic approach, using topic modeling and time series, to map the DPRK's literary output and investigate the influence of genre on literary consecration. The second part looks at questions of style and literary quality in the DPRK through a comparative analysis of multiple novels grouped by degree of literary prestige. It introduces a method to evaluate the originality of an author's writing style using a masked language model (BERT) and uses it to assess the role of conformity and originality in the DPRK's literary field. Even though writers consecrated by the state display a high level of stylistic conformity when writing mandated biographies of the ruling family, their independent output ranks higher in originality than nonconsecrated writers.
Molecular characterization ofChlamydiaspecies in commercial and backyard poultry farms in Costa Rica
Authors: Solorzano-Morales Antony , Dolz Gaby 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOutbreaks caused byChlamydia psittaciand other chlamydial species have recently been reported in poultry farms worldwide, causing considerable economic losses. The objective of this study was to determine the presence of chlamydial species in these birds in Costa Rica. One hundred and fifty pools of lung tissue samples from industrial poultry with respiratory problems and 112 pools of tracheal swabs from asymptomatic backyard poultry were analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), end-point PCR and sequencing. A total of 16.8% (44/262) samples were positive forChlamydiaspp., most of them detected in asymptomatic backyard poultry (28.6%, 32/112) and fewer in industrial poultry (8%, 12/150). Of these positive samples, 45.5% (20/44) were determined to beC. psittaci. For the first timeC. psittacigenotype A is reported in poultry in Latin America. In addition, the presence ofChlamydia gallinaceain backyard poultry and ofChlamydia muridarumin industrial and backyard poultry is reported for the first time in Central America. In 40.9% (18/44) of the positive samples, it was not possible to identify the infecting chlamydial species. These findings reveal a zoonotic risk, particularly for poultry farm and slaughterhouse workers having direct contact with these birds.
Chromosome 22q11 copy number variants and single ventricle CHD
Authors: Geoffrion Tracy R. , Goldberg David , Crowley T. Blaine , Chen Jonathan M. , McDonald-McGinn Donna M. , Gaynor J. William 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectives:CHD is an important phenotypic feature of chromosome 22q11.2 copy number variants. Biventricular repair is usually possible, however there are rare reports of patients with chromosome 22q copy number variants and functional single ventricle cardiac disease.Methods:This is a single centre retrospective review of patients with chromosome 22q copy number variants who underwent staged single ventricle reconstructive surgery between 1 July, 1984 and 31 December, 2020.Results:Seventeen patients met inclusion criteria. The most common diagnosis was hypoplastic left heart syndrome (n = 8) and vascular anomalies were present in 13 patients. A microdeletion of the chromosome 22 A-D low-copy repeat was present in 13 patients, and the remaining had a duplication. About half of the patients had documented craniofacial abnormalities and/or hypocalcaemia, and developmental delay was very common. Fifteen patients had a Norwood operation, 10 patients had a superior cavopulmonary anastomosis, and 7 patients had a Fontan. Two patients had cardiac transplantation after Fontan. Overall survival is 64% at 1 year, and 58% at 5 and 10 years. Most deaths occurred following Norwood operation (n = 5).Conclusions:CHD necessitating single ventricle reconstruction associated with chromosome 22q copy number variants is not common, but typically occurs as a variant of hypoplastic left heart syndrome with the usual cytogenetic microdeletion. The most common neonatal surgical intervention performed is the Norwood, where most of the mortality burden occurs. Associated anomalies and medical issues may cause additional morbidity after cardiac surgery, but survival is similar to infants with other types of single ventricle disease.