bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probleme evidenzorientierter Unterrichtspraxis
Authors: Wilkes Theresa , Stark Robin 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag soll anhand eines fiktiven Anwendungsbeispiels aus der schulischen Unterrichtspraxis exemplarisch dargestellt werden, mit welchen Barrieren sich Lehrkräfte konfrontiert sehen, wenn sie individuelle unterrichtsbezogene Entscheidungen evidenzbasiert zu treffen versuchen. Es werden Stärken und Schwächen des Konzeptes der Evidenzbasierung sowie unterschiedlicher Arten von Evidenz und Forschungsdesigns (zum Beispiel Meta-Metaanalysen, Metaanalysen, Fallstudien) reflektiert und diskutiert. Unter anderem wird ein Vorgehen vorgeschlagen, welches sich weniger an der gängigen Evidenzhierarchie orientiert, an deren Spitze sich als „Gold-Standard“ systematische Reviews, Metaanalysen und randomisierte kontrollierte Studien finden, sondern vielmehr an übergeordneten Wissensbeständen (d. h. insbesondere an wissenschaftlichen Theorien und Konzepten, aber auch an einschlägigen wissenschaftlichen Ansätzen, Prinzipien und Modellen), welche aus der bildungswissenschaftlichen Forschung hervorgegangen sind. Zudem werden exemplarisch Planungsprozesse skizziert, welche die Qualität der Unterrichtspraxis mit einfachen Mitteln unterstützen können, indem wissenschaftliches Wissen, Erfahrungswissen und Kontextwissen sowie praktisches Handlungswissen integriert werden. Abschließend werden als eine mögliche Förderkomponente evidenzorientierter Unterrichtspraxis verschiedene Möglichkeiten zum weiteren Ausbau von Clearing Houses vorgeschlagen. Zudem wird auf Forschungsdesiderate hinsichtlich der Integration verschiedener, möglicherweise inkohärenter Wissensbestände hingewiesen. Dieser Beitrag hat nicht zum Ziel, die aktuellen Entwicklungen hin zu einer evidenzbasierten Schul- und Unterrichtspraxis in Frage zu stellen. Vielmehr wird eine evidenzorientierte Praxis im Sinne einer Orientierung anübergeordneten Wissensbeständenausdrücklich befürwortet.
Examining Knowledge Diffusion in the Circular Economy Domain: a Main Path Analysis
Authors: Rejeb Abderahman , Rejeb Karim , Zailani Suhaiza , Kayikci Yasanur , Keogh John G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The circular economy (CE) field has recently attracted significant interest from academics and practitioners. CE represents a departure from the linear economy, which is characterised by unsustainable resource production and consumption. The growing number of publications necessitates a comprehensive analysis of this field. This is the first systematic examination of the knowledge base and knowledge diffusion pathways in the CE domain. We analyse a Web of Science dataset containing 5431 articles published between 1970 and 2020. To create a comprehensive review of the CE domain, we conducted a keyword co-occurrence network analysis. We examined four distinct types of main paths using the main path analysis (MPA) technique: forward, backward, global, and key-route. According to the analyses, CE research focuses on six primary research themes: CE and sustainability, bioeconomy, CE practices, lifecycle assessment and industrial symbiosis, construction activities, and waste management. In addition, the MPA demonstrates that the CE literature has recently focused on Industry 4.0 technologies and their contribution to CE. This is the first attempt to depict the genealogy of CE research so that scholars can comprehend the domain’s evolutionary structure, identify hot topics, and capture the history, development status, and potential future directions of CE research.
Phototoxicity of BODIPY in long-term imaging can be reduced by intramolecular motion
Authors: Kähärä Iida , Durandin Nikita , Ilina Polina , Efimov Alexander , Laaksonen Timo , Vuorimaa-Laukkanen Elina , Lisitsyna Ekaterina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFor long-term live-cell fluorescence imaging and biosensing, it is crucial to work with a dye that has high fluorescence quantum yield and photostability without being detrimental to the cells. In this paper, we demonstrate that neutral boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based molecular rotors have great properties for high-light-dosage demanding live-cell fluorescence imaging applications that require repetitive illuminations. In molecular rotors, an intramolecular rotation (IMR) allows an alternative route for the decay of the singlet excited state (S1) via the formation of an intramolecular charge transfer state (CT). The occurrence of IMR reduces the probability of the formation of a triplet state (T1) which could further react with molecular oxygen (3O2) to form cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, e.g., singlet oxygen (1O2). We demonstrate that the oxygen-related nature of the phototoxicity for BODIPY derivatives can be significantly reduced if a neutral molecular rotor is used as a probe. The studied neutral molecular rotor probe shows remarkably lower phototoxicity when compared with both the non-rotating BODIPY derivative and the cationic BODIPY-based molecular rotor in different light dosages and dye concentrations. It is also evident that the charge and localization of the fluorescent probe are as significant as the IMR in terms of the phototoxicity in a long-term live-cell imaging.
Graphical abstract
Harnessing the Social Energies of Youths in Farming and Pastoral Communities in Managing Conflicts in Nigeria
Authors: Adzande Patience 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn spite of the growing recognition of the agency of youths in volatile societies, youths continue to be an under-utilized resource in conflict management. Thus, drawing on qualitative fieldwork in Nigeria, Adzande examines how youths are contributing to the management of farmer-herder conflicts. This study shows that youths are involved in informal policing as community vigilantes, as well as participating in mediation and the enforcement of restorative justice. A new initiative which is yet to be evaluated is the community-based security architecture in which youths can work with other actors to facilitate early warning, prevention, and resolution of conflicts between farmers and herders.
Promoting Peace and Managing Farmer-Herder Conflict: The Role of Civil Society Organizations in Agogo, Ghana
Authors: Setrana Mary Boatemaa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractContinued clashes between nomadic pastoralists and farmers generate concerns about the capacity of community-based civil society organizations to effectively navigate conflict resolution in Agogo Traditional Area (ATA), Ghana. The Agogo and Fulani associations ostensibly manage farmer-herder conflict but with mixed results. Setrana argues that, unlike foreign or international civil society organizations, community-based associations play important roles in managing conflict because they often have better cultural understanding. The success of such organizations, however, depends on whether they are perceived as indigenous or non-indigenous. This binary framework often leads to a winner-takes-all attitude and rarely results in sustainable conflict resolution.
Reviewing fair subject selection considerations for the unique case of post sequelae COVID-19 translational studies
Authors: Smith E.M. , Anderson E.E. , Deer R. , Prochaska J. , Bohn K. , Croisant S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fair inclusion of research subjects is necessary to ensure that post-acute sequelae COVID-19 (PASC) research results benefit all members of society. Scientists should conduct research on a broad sample of individuals who represent clinically relevant factors influencing a disease. Without demographic diversity and sociological and environmental variability, research outputs are less likely to apply to different populations and would thus increase health disparities. The goal of this narrative literature review and ethical analysis is to apply fair selection criteria to PASC research studies. We briefly highlight the importance of fair subject selection in translational research and then identify features of PASC, as well as PASC research, that hinder fair inclusion of research participants. We will demonstrate that determining an adequate and representative sample is not simply a matter of ensuring greater diversity; rather, fairness requires a broader evaluation of risks, burdens, and benefits specific to underrepresented populations. We provide recommendations to ensure fair subject selection in PASC research and promote translation toward positive health outcomes for all individuals, including the most vulnerable.
Differentiating online products using customer perceptions of sustainability
Authors: El Dehaibi Nasreddine , MacDonald Erin F. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Customers make quick judgments when shopping online based on how they perceive product design features. These features can be visual such as material or can be descriptive like a ‘nice gift’. Relying on feature perceptions can save customers time but can also mislead them to make uninformed purchase decisions, for example, related to sustainability. In a previous study, we developed a method to extract product design features perceived as sustainable from Amazon reviews, identifying that customer perceptions of product sustainability may differ from engineered sustainability. We previously crowdsourced annotations of French press reviews and used a natural language processing algorithm to extract the features. While these features may not contribute to engineered sustainability, customers identify the features as sustainable enabling them to make informed purchase decisions. In this study, we validate how our previously developed method can be generalised by testing it with electric scooters and baby glass bottles. Features perceived as sustainable for both products are extracted and second, participants are tested on interpreting the features using a novel collage approach. Participants placed products on a set of two axes and selected features from a list. Our results confirm that the proposed method is effective for identifying features perceived as sustainable, and that it can generalise for different products with limitations. Positively biased Amazon reviews can limit the natural language processing performance. We recommend that designers use our method when designing products to capture feature perceptions and help inform customer-oriented design decisions.
Globally rigid graphs are fully reconstructible
Authors: Garamvölgyi Dániel , Gortler Steven J. , Jordán Tibor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAd-dimensional framework is a pair$(G,p)$, where$G=(V,E)$is a graph andpis a map fromVto$\mathbb {R}^d$. The length of an edge$uv\in E$in$(G,p)$is the distance between$p(u)$and$p(v)$. The framework is said to be globally rigid in$\mathbb {R}^d$if the graphGand its edge lengths uniquely determine$(G,p)$, up to congruence. A graphGis called globally rigid in$\mathbb {R}^d$if everyd-dimensional generic framework$(G,p)$is globally rigid.In this paper, we consider the problem of reconstructing a graph from the set of edge lengths arising from a generic framework. Roughly speaking, a graphGis strongly reconstructible in$\mathbb {C}^d$if the set of (unlabeled) edge lengths of any generic framework$(G,p)$ind-space, along with the number of vertices ofG, uniquely determine bothGand the association between the edges ofGand the set of edge lengths. It is known that ifGis globally rigid in$\mathbb {R}^d$on at least$d+2$vertices, then it is strongly reconstructible in$\mathbb {C}^d$. We strengthen this result and show that, under the same conditions,Gis in fact fully reconstructible in$\mathbb {C}^d$, which means that the set of edge lengths alone is sufficient to uniquely reconstructG, without any constraint on the number of vertices (although still under the assumption that the edge lengths come from a generic realization).As a key step in our proof, we also prove that ifGis globally rigid in$\mathbb {R}^d$on at least$d+2$vertices, then thed-dimensional generic rigidity matroid ofGis connected. Finally, we provide new families of fully reconstructible graphs and use them to answer some questions regarding unlabeled reconstructibility posed in recent papers.
Shared and distinct white matter abnormalities in adolescent-onset schizophrenia and adolescent-onset psychotic bipolar disorder
Authors: Seitz-Holland Johanna , Nägele Felix L. , Kubicki Marek , Pasternak Ofer , Cho Kang Ik K. , Hough Morgan , Mulert Christoph , Shenton Martha E. , Crow Timothy J. , James Anthony C. D. , Lyall Amanda E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile adolescent-onset schizophrenia (ADO-SCZ) and adolescent-onset bipolar disorder with psychosis (psychotic ADO-BPD) present a more severe clinical course than their adult forms, their pathophysiology is poorly understood. Here, we study potentially state- and trait-related white matter diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) abnormalities along the adolescent-onset psychosis continuum to address this need.MethodsForty-eight individuals with ADO-SCZ (20 female/28 male), 15 individuals with psychotic ADO-BPD (7 female/8 male), and 35 healthy controls (HCs, 18 female/17 male) underwent dMRI and clinical assessments. Maps of extracellular free-water (FW) and fractional anisotropy of cellular tissue (FAT) were compared between individuals with psychosis and HCs using tract-based spatial statistics and FSL's Randomise. FAT and FW values were extracted, averaged across all voxels that demonstrated group differences, and then utilized to test for the influence of age, medication, age of onset, duration of illness, symptom severity, and intelligence.ResultsIndividuals with adolescent-onset psychosis exhibited pronounced FW and FAT abnormalities compared to HCs. FAT reductions were spatially more widespread in ADO-SCZ. FW increases, however, were only present in psychotic ADO-BPD. In HCs, but not in individuals with adolescent-onset psychosis, FAT was positively related to age.ConclusionsWe observe evidence for cellular (FAT) and extracellular (FW) white matter abnormalities in adolescent-onset psychosis. Although cellular white matter abnormalities were more prominent in ADO-SCZ, such alterations may reflect a shared trait, i.e. neurodevelopmental pathology, present across the psychosis spectrum. Extracellular abnormalities were evident in psychotic ADO-BPD, potentially indicating a more dynamic, state-dependent brain reaction to psychosis.
Paranoia reveals the complexity in assigning individuals to groups on the basis of inferred intentions
Authors: Greenburgh Anna , Raihani Nichola 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe suggest that variation, error, and bias will be essential to include in a complete computational theory of groups – particularly given that formation of group representations must often rely on inferences of intentions. We draw on the case study of paranoia to illustrate that intentions that do not correspond to group-constitutive roles may often be perceived as such.
More than one way to skin a cat: Addressing the arbitration problem in developmental science
Authors: Tatone Denis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDavid Pietraszewski's theory of social groups offers a developmentally plausible account of how we reason about group membership, as it delineates clear boundaries to the hypothesis space that children must navigate. Merits notwithstanding, the account remains silent with respect to the arbitration problem: It does not explain how children can appropriately select among competing frames when interpreting social interactions.
The Twitter Conference as a New Medium of Scholarly Communication (and How to Host One)
Authors: Bandula-Irwin Tanya , Kitchen Veronica 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic prompted a shift to online academic meetings such as the webinar and virtual conference. We add to the conversation about how these modes of knowledge mobilization may be more inclusive, accessible, and environmentally friendly than in-person conferences through a discussion of the Twitter conference—during which participants produce threaded tweets of their research and engage in both real-time and asynchronous scholarly discussion. In this article, we discuss how to host a Twitter conference; we claim that Twitter conferences require different skills and have different strengths and weaknesses than virtual conferences or webinars; and we recommend that they should be a permanent addition to the roster of academic knowledge-mobilization events.
Wisdom enhancement and life skills to augment CBT outcomes for depression in later life: a series of N-of-1 trials
Authors: Kadri Adam , Leddy Adrian , Gracey Fergus , Laidlaw Ken 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground:It has been suggested that cognitive behavioural therapy for older adults be augmented with age-appropriate methods to enhance outcomes for depression treatment.Aims:This study investigated whether a CBT wisdom enhancement timeline technique for older adults reduced depression, as well as increase self-compassion and self-assessed wisdom.Method:An N-of-1 series trial with non-concurrent multiple-baseline AB design was conducted. Older adults experiencing depression, recruited from mental health service waiting lists, were randomly assigned to baseline conditions. Participants received five individual sessions of the examined intervention, offering a structured way of utilising one’s life experiences to evolve the psychological resource of wisdom within a cognitive behavioural framework, in order to improve mood. Participants completed idiographic daily measures and self-report standardised measures of depression, anxiety, self-compassion and wisdom during baseline and intervention phases, and at 1 month follow-up.Results:Six participants competed the study and were subject to standardised and single-case data analyses. Four participants were deemed responders with reliable changes in depression post-intervention with idiographic changes coinciding with intervention onset. Two participants saw clinically significant changes in depression scores at follow-up. One responder saw significant changes in measures of self-compassion and self-assessed wisdom.Conclusions:The examined technique shows promise as an effective technique for reducing depression in older adults. There is insufficient evidence to implicate wisdom and/or self-compassion as significant mechanisms of change. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
Biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses and cattle: from acute phase proteins to procalcitonin
Authors: López-Martínez M. J. , Franco-Martínez L. , Martínez-Subiela S. , Cerón J. J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSepsis is a complex clinical syndrome triggered by an inflammatory host response to an infection. It is usually complicated to detect and diagnose, and has severe consequences in human and veterinary health, especially when treatment is not started early. Therefore, efforts to detect sepsis accurately are needed. In addition, its proper diagnosis could reduce the misuse of antibiotics, which is essential fighting against antimicrobial resistance. This case is a particular issue in farm animals, as antibiotics have been traditionally given massively, but now they are becoming increasingly restricted. When sepsis is suspected in animals, the most frequently used biomarkers are acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, but their concentrations can increase in other inflammatory conditions. In human patients, the most promising biomarkers to detect sepsis are currently procalcitonin and presepsin, and there is a wide range of other biomarkers under study. However, there is little information on the application of these biomarkers in veterinary species. This review aims to describe the general concepts of sepsis and the current knowledge about the biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses, and cattle and to discuss possible advances in the field.
Verifying Catamorphism-Based Contracts using Constrained Horn Clauses
Authors: DE ANGELIS EMANUELE , PROIETTI MAURIZIO , FIORAVANTI FABIO , PETTOROSSI ALBERTO 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe address the problem of verifying that the functions of a program meet their contracts, specified by pre/postconditions. We follow an approach based on constrained Horn clauses (CHCs) by which the verification problem is reduced to the problem of checking satisfiability of a set of clauses derived from the given program and contracts. We consider programs that manipulate algebraic data types (ADTs) and a class of contracts specified by catamorphisms, that is, functions defined by simple recursion schemata on the given ADTs. We show by several examples that state-of-the-art CHC satisfiability tools are not effective at solving the satisfiability problems obtained by direct translation of the contracts into CHCs. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a transformation technique that removes the ADT terms from CHCs and derives new sets of clauses that work on basic sorts only, such as integers and booleans. Thus, when using the derived CHCs there is no need for induction rules on ADTs. We prove that the transformation is sound, that is, if the derived set of CHCs is satisfiable, then so is the original set. We also prove that the transformation always terminates for the class of contracts specified by catamorphisms. Finally, we present the experimental results obtained by an implementation of our technique when verifying many non-trivial contracts for ADT manipulating programs.
‘Almighty God, give us grace to cast away the works of darkness, and put on the armor of light’: Re-thinking Advent Themes of Darkness with Gregory of Nyssa
Authors: Thomas Gabrielle 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis essay addresses challenges that emerged during Advent through recent experience of lecturing at Berkeley Divinity School, the Episcopal Seminary at Yale. For many of my students, Advent 2020 presented particular challenges since they found that the recurring utilization of ‘darkness’ as a metaphor for sin and death did not sit easily with their commitment to anti-racist thought and practice. This essay does not attempt to provide a definitive model for how Anglicans might engage fully with Advent themes, but serves as a paper to ‘think with’ in which the author (a) engages with Michael Battle’s work on Anglican spirituality and (b) describes how her own expertise on Gregory of Nyssa was brought to bear on present needs. The Advent focus on darkness and light, I propose, does not need to be circumvented but provides Anglicans who are attentive to the problems of racism with an opportunity to examine further their own approach to ‘darkness’.
COUNTING TO INFINITY: GRADED MODAL LOGIC WITH AN INFINITY DIAMOND
Authors: BELLAS ACOSTA IGNACIO , VENEMA YDE 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe extend the languages of both basic and graded modal logic with the infinity diamond, a modality that expresses the existence of infinitely many successors having a certain property. In both cases we define a natural notion of bisimilarity for the resulting formalisms, that we dub
$\mathtt {ML}^{\infty }$
and
$\mathtt {GML}^{\infty }$
, respectively. We then characterise these logics as the bisimulation-invariant fragments of the naturally corresponding predicate logic, viz., the extension of first-order logic with the infinity quantifier. Furthermore, for both
$\mathtt {ML}^{\infty }$
and
$\mathtt {GML}^{\infty }$
we provide a sound and complete axiomatisation for the set of formulas that are valid in every Kripke frame, we prove a small model property with respect to a widened class of weighted models, and we establish decidability of the satisfiability problem.