bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Risk Analysis of Function Safety and Cyber Security on I&C System of HTP-PM With STPA-SafeSec
Authors: Tian Yukun , Li Jianghai , Huang Xiaojin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cyber security risk analysis can identify and assess factors that may damage to the system such as digital instrumentation and control system of nuclear power plants. Performing cyber security risk analysis is important for instrumentation and control system of nuclear power plants because it could assess overall impacts of risks and help to identify vulnerabilities to determine next steps to address security risks. With the integration of information system and physical system, cyber security of information system and functional safety of physical system interact with each other, resulting in a type of new comprehensive security problem and introducing serious security risks. Most of the existing cyber security risk analysis methods pay more attention to cyberattacks like attack tree analysis method, Petri net method, and Bayesian network method. STPA-SafeSec is a top-down security risk analysis method focusing on the system itself based on system theory, which starts from unacceptable losses of the system and pays attention to the causal factors that produce unsafe control. In this paper, STPA-SafeSec is applied to the primary circuit pressure control system of high temperature gas-cold reactors in order to perform the hazard analysis of integrated risk assessment for both functional safety and cyber security. The application details are given and a part of the hazardous scenarios tree is obtained for the formulation of mitigation strategies.
Review of Operating License Extension of Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Chen Zhilin , Li Xiaowei , Huang Ping , Wang Chunhui , Wang Jun , Chi Zhiyuan , Fang Kuiyuan , An Yinghui , Zhang Yanwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Operating license extension (OLE) is an important trend in the development of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). About 30.2% of the units in operation in the world have reached or exceeded 40 years of operation. “License Renewal, LR” and “Periodic Safety Review, PSR” are two commonly strategies used for operating license extension demonstration. In December 2015 the technical policy of OLE in China was issued by National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA), with the main works of the demonstration include: (1) Current License Basis Review, (2) Scoping and Screening of Structures, Systems and Components (SSCs), (3) Aging Management Review (AMR), (4) Time Limited Aging Analysis (TLAA), (5) Updated of Finally Safety Analysis Report (FSAR), (6) Environment Evaluation. The demonstration of OLE of NPPs were carried out in two NPPs since 2013. In this paper, the demonstration strategies for OLE were introduced, the processes of the demonstration by LR in USA and PSR in France were provided. The interpretation of technical policy and Domestic status of OLE in China were illustrated. The technical issues for the OLE safety assessment were also reviewed. Furthermore, the trends for OLE in the future, such as multiple plants demonstration at one time, the secondly license renewal were discussed as well.
Review of Fire Common Mode Analysis and Probabilistic Safety Assessment of Fire Common Modes for an Operating Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Huang Lihua , Long Bin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Fire common mode analysis (a.k.a. Fire Vulnerability Analysis, FVA) is usually performed after the completion of the design of a nuclear power plant. Any discrepancies in equipment or cable layout during the construction or operation phases could result in new potential fire common modes, which pose new safety threats to the plant. Consequently, it is necessary to perform a review of the fire common mode analysis for an operating nuclear power plant. Any newly identified fire common modes that need to be addressed might require modification either by protection or by physical separation. In prioritizing the modifications regarding these fire common modes, probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) provides quantitative insights into the safety benefits of eliminating any newly identified fire common modes. This article introduces the general process of FVA and discusses the tasks of cable data collecting and plant walkdown, which are two fundamental steps of the process of FVA for an operating nuclear power plant. In the second part, an example is also provided of performing probabilistic safety assessment on fire common modes, based on which the analyst can prioritize the common mode list in terms of safety benefits if they are to be eliminated.
Nuclear Power Plant Fire Safety Risk Management Method and Application
Authors: Zhu Yaoyao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The history of nuclear power development shows that fire is one of the important risks faced by nuclear power plants, and the harm to nuclear power plants cannot be ignored. As scientific and technological innovation is playing an increasingly important role in changing social production and life, it is necessary to explore the application of information technology to comprehensively improve the technological, informational and intelligent level of fire fighting work, and improve the efficiency of fire fighting management through the deep integration of fire safety and intelligence in nuclear power field. This paper analyzes the current status of fire safety management in domestic nuclear power plants. It takes the fire load refinement and intelligent management as an example to discuss and propose optimization suggestions for nuclear power plant fire safety management. Based on Performance-based and Risk-informed nuclear power fire safety management, Establish corresponding risk assessment guidelines to provide risk-informed decision-making advice for fire safety work. Develop nuclear power plant fire safety risk management application tools according to risk management methods. It can monitor the important fire hazard areas in real time, effectively supervise the new fire risk areas of nuclear power plants, quantitatively assess the fire risk and formulate coping strategies, and upgrade and optimize existing fire management methods. The fire safety risk management method covers risk-informed fire risk management to all fire protection fields of nuclear power plants, and develops fire safety management of nuclear power plants in a refined, informational and intelligent direction, greatly improving the fire safety management of nuclear power plants Level.
Comparison of Numerical Analysis Methods of Coolant Environmental Fatigue Based on Strain Rate Control
Authors: Shao Xuejiao , Xie Hai , Zhang Yixiong , Xiong Furui , Wang Xinjun , Shi Kaikai , Yu Mingda , Huang Xuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the transformed strain rate of environmental fatigue correction factor (Fen), which is used to consider the influence of PWR primary coolant environment on material fatigue, is studied. EPRI’s guideline and the AFCEN’s probationary phase rule (RPP) No.3 of Volume VI in RCC-M 2017 edition provide two different calculation methods of transformed strain rate separately. NUREG CR-6909 gives two versions of prediction models of Fen for Low alloy steel, nickel base alloy and austenitic stainless steel which are the three main materials of the primary circuit system.
In this paper, the model and transients of Sample 2 in EPRI’s guideline are selected for calculation and comparison, so as to verify whether the analysis method is reasonable. Firstly, the fatigue analysis in air is carried out, and then based on the combination, the detailed calculation of strain rate is carried out to calculate environmental fatigue results. The analysis results are compared with the results of guideline, and the valuesare close. Then, the main pipeline safety injection nozzle components with small fatigue margin in PWR are selected to carry out environmental fatigue analysis. In the analysis, different methods of calculating modified strain rates are used, and different prediction models in CR-6909 are used. The coefficient of Fen integrated in RPP3 isconsidered, and the effects of various calculation methods on the results are compared.
The results show that for austenitic stainless steel, the results of RCC-M RPP3 method are mostly less than those of EPRI guidelines. Compared with the prediction model of NUREG CR-6909 version 0, the prediction model version 1 greatly decreases the Fen results.
Microstructual and Micro-Chemical Analysis of Zr Cladding Alloys on Corrosion and Creep Properties
Authors: Lv Qing Yang , Zhang Libin , Chen Minli , Gao Changyuan , Xu Yang , Chen Liutao , Tan Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper conducts in-depth research on zirconium alloys by combining results of out-of-pile corrosion and creep performance with microstructual and micro-chemical analysis using state-of-the-art (S)TEM, EDX and EBSD. The mechanism of different heat treatment processes on the macroscopic properties of zirconium alloys is explained from the microscopic level.
By comparing various Zr-Sn-Nb alloys with different intermediate temperatures, it is discovered that creep resistance becomes better and the corrosion resistance becomes worse. It is found that average grain size increases gradually with increasing intermediate temperature, creep deformation is related with grain boundary slip, so the smaller grain size, the faster creep rate. In alloys with Nb content less than its solid solution limit in zirconium, when increasing the intermediate annealing temperature, there are fewer Nb-rich Zr-Fe-Cr-Nb second phase particles (SPPs) but more Cr-rich Zr-Fe-Cr-Nb SPPs, so the amount of Nb in solid solution in the matrix increases, which lead to better creep resistance due to solid solution strengthening and lower diffusion coefficient, however, with higher Nb solid solution content, there is more tetragonal to monoclinic oxide phase transition, which causes more cracking in the oxide and increases the corrosion rate.
“No Days Off”: Using Self-Determination Theory to Better Understand Workaholism in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Coaches
Authors: Tolentino Kim , Readdy Tucker , Raabe Johannes 
Published: November 2022

Workaholism (i.e., working excessively and compulsively) is associated with negative physical, psychological, and social consequences. Researchers have previously examined antecedents of workaholism, but the experiences of sport coaches have not yet been investigated. This study explored (a) differences in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I coaches’ workaholism, as well as need satisfaction and frustration based on gender, coaching role, gender of athletes coached, age, and years of coaching experience; and (b) how coaches’ perceptions of their three basic psychological needs are associated with tendencies to work excessively and compulsively. A total of 873 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I coaches participated in the research. Data analyses revealed significant differences in participants’ workaholism as well as need satisfaction and frustration. Structural equation modeling indicated a significant relationship between reported levels of workaholism and perceptions of the three needs. Findings illustrate the importance of basic psychological needs in preventing coaches’ workaholism and maintain optimal functioning.
The mechanical regulation of RNA binding protein hnRNPC in the failing heart
Authors: Martino Fabiana , Varadarajan Nandan Mysore , Perestrelo Ana Rubina , Hejret Vaclav , Durikova Helena , Vukic Dragana , Horvath Vladimir , Cavalieri Francesca , Caruso Frank , Albihlal Waleed S. , Gerber André P. , O’Connell Mary A. , Vanacova Stepanka , Pagliari Stefania , Forte Giancarlo 
Published: November 2022

Cardiac pathologies are characterized by intense remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that eventually leads to heart failure. Cardiomyocytes respond to the ensuing biomechanical stress by reexpressing fetal contractile proteins via transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes, such as alternative splicing (AS). Here, we demonstrate that the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNPC) is up-regulated and relocates to the sarcomeric Z-disc upon ECM pathological remodeling. We show that this is an active site of localized translation, where the ribonucleoprotein associates with the translation machinery. Alterations in hnRNPC expression, phosphorylation, and localization can be mechanically determined and affect the AS of mRNAs involved in mechanotransduction and cardiovascular diseases, including Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein 1. We propose that cardiac ECM remodeling serves as a switch in RNA metabolism by affecting an associated regulatory protein of the spliceosome apparatus. These findings offer new insights on the mechanism of mRNA homeostatic mechanoregulation in pathological conditions.
Perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine uptake: a qualitative study of community members and health workers in Zambia
Authors: Sialubanje Cephas , Mukumbuta Nawa , Ng'andu Mary , Sumani Ernest Malangizo , Nkonkomalimba Mpala , Lyatumba Daniel EM , Mwale Alick , Mpiana Francis , Zulu Joseph Makadani , Mweempwa Basil , Endres Denise , Mbolela Maurice , Namumba Mpatanji , Peters Wolff-Christian 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveSince introduction of the programme in April 2021, COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been low at less than 20%. This study explored community members’ and health workers’ perspectives on the COVID-19 vaccine uptake and its influencing factors in Zambia.Study designA qualitative study employing focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs).Study settingSixteen primary healthcare facilities selected from Lusaka, Copperbelt, Central and Southern provinces.ParticipantsA total of 32 FGDs comprising local community members and 30 IDIs including health workers, traditional, religious and civic leaders (n=272). FGDs were separated based on age (youth and adults), sex (male and female) and place of residence (urban and rural).ResultsBoth FGD and IDI participants agreed that vaccine uptake was low. Limited knowledge, access to information, myths and misconceptions, negative attitude, low-risk perception and supply in remote areas affected vaccine uptake. Overall, FGD participants expressed limited knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine compared with health workers. Further, FGD participants from urban sites were more aware about the vaccine than those from rural areas. Health workers perceived the vaccine to be beneficial; the benefits included prevention of infection and limiting the severity of the disease. Moreover, FGD participants from urban sites expressed a negative attitude towards the vaccine. They believed the vaccine conferred no benefits. By contrast, participants from rural communities had mixed views; they needed more information about the vaccine benefits. Participants’ attitude seems to have been influenced by personal or family experience with the COVID-19 disease or vaccination; those who had experienced the disease had a more positive attitude. In contrast, most young people believed they were not at risk of the COVID-19 disease. Misinformation from social media influenced their attitude.ConclusionThese results provide starting points for future policies and interventions for increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Continuous and interrupted abdominal-wall closure after primary emergency midline laparotomy (CONIAC-trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled single centre trial
Authors: Wolf Sebastian , Arbona de Gracia Luis , Sommer Florian , Schrempf Matthias Christian , Anthuber Matthias , Vlasenko Dmytro 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionThe optimal closure of the abdominal wall after emergency midline laparotomy is still a matter of debate due to lack of evidence. Although closure of the fascia using a continuous, all-layer suture technique with slowly absorbable monofilament material is common, complications like burst abdomen and hernia are frequent.Methods and analysisThis randomised controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation evaluates the efficacy and safety of a continuous suture with or without additional interrupted retention sutures for closure of the abdominal fascia. Patients with an indication for a primary emergency midline laparotomy are eligible to participate in this study and will be randomised intraoperatively via block randomisation. Fascia closure in the intervention group will be done with a standard continuous suture with slowly absorbable monofilament material (MonoMax 1, B. Braun, Tuttlingen, Germany) and additional interrupted retention sutures every 2 cm of the fascia using rapidly absorbable braided material (Vicryl 2, Ethicon, Norderstedt, Germany). In the control group, the fascia is closed only with the standard continuous suture with slowly absorbable monofilament material. Sample size calculations (n=111 per study arm) are based on the available literature. The primary endpoint is the rate of dehiscence of the abdominal fascia (rate of burst abdomen within 30 days or rate of incisional hernia within 12 months). Secondary endpoints are wound infections, quality of life, length of hospital stay, morbidity and mortality. Patients as well as individuals involved in data collection, endpoint assessment, data analysis and quality of life assessment will be blinded.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol, the patient information and the informed consent form have been approved by the ethics committee of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (reference number: 20-1041). Study findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberDRKS00024802.WHO universal trial numberU1111-1259-1956
Status of core competencies of wound, ostomy and continence nurses and their influence on career success: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yu Shuhui , Yao Xiuyu , Sang Yonghui , Lin Yujie , Huang Yanbo , Che Xinyan , Ding Yanming 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThe wound, ostomy and continence nursing practice has its own scope and standards, and each standard requires relevant competency. However, the core competencies of wound, ostomy and continence nurses that contribute to the career success are poorly known. To identify associations between career success and core competencies of wound, ostomy and continence nurses in China.DesignA cross-sectional survey with a convenience sample.SettingParticipants were recruited from 108 hospitals in 28 provinces.ParticipantsA total of 123 wound, ostomy and continence nurses were surveyed.MeasuresCareer success, core competencies and demographic characteristics of wound, ostomy and continence nurses, were measured in this study.MethodsA survey was distributed to 123 wound, ostomy and continence nurses were recruited from 108 hospitals in 28 provinces. Multivariate logistic regression was undertaken to explore associations between career success outcomes and core competency scores of wound ostomy and continence nurses and their demographic characteristics.ResultsThe career success and core competency of wound, ostomy and continence nurses were both above average. Nurses who had higher total scores of core competency were more likely to have higher career success, including total score (OR=4.90), career satisfaction (OR=5.58) and perceived internal (OR=4.55)/external (OR=3.42) organisation competitiveness. Higher competency in interpersonal communication (OR=7.70) and more time for wound care per month (OR=8.80) predicted higher career satisfaction. Additionally, nurses with higher professional development were more likely to score higher in perceived internal organisation competitiveness of career success (OR=4.36) and the overall career success (OR=5.96).ConclusionsThe career success and core competency of the wound, ostomy and continence nurses in China were at an above average level. The associations between career success and core competency of the wound, ostomy and continence nurses were positive, suggesting that competency enhancement could improve nurses’ career success.
A longitudinal observational study of home-based conversations for detecting early dementia: protocol for the CUBOId TV task
Authors: Kumpik Daniel Paul , Santos-Rodriguez Raul , Selwood James , Coulthard Elizabeth , Twomey Niall , Craddock Ian , Ben-Shlomo Yoav 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionLimitations in effective dementia therapies mean that early diagnosis and monitoring are critical for disease management, but current clinical tools are impractical and/or unreliable, and disregard short-term symptom variability. Behavioural biomarkers of cognitive decline, such as speech, sleep and activity patterns, can manifest prodromal pathological changes. They can be continuously measured at home with smart sensing technologies, and permit leveraging of interpersonal interactions for optimising diagnostic and prognostic performance. Here we describe the ContinUous behavioural Biomarkers Of cognitive Impairment (CUBOId) study, which explores the feasibility of multimodal data fusion for in-home monitoring of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The report focuses on a subset of CUBOId participants who perform a novel speech task, the ‘TV task’, designed to track changes in ecologically valid conversations with disease progression.Methods and analysisCUBOId is a longitudinal observational study. Participants have diagnoses of MCI or AD, and controls are their live-in partners with no such diagnosis. Multimodal activity data were passively acquired from wearables and in-home fixed sensors over timespans of 8–25 months. At two time points participants completed the TV task over 5 days by recording audio of their conversations as they watched a favourite TV programme, with further testing to be completed after removal of the sensor installations. Behavioural testing is supported by neuropsychological assessment for deriving ground truths on cognitive status. Deep learning will be used to generate fused multimodal activity-speech embeddings for optimisation of diagnostic and predictive performance from speech alone.Ethics and disseminationCUBOId was approved by an NHS Research Ethics Committee (Wales REC; ref: 18/WA/0158) and is sponsored by University of Bristol. It is supported by the National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network West of England. Results will be reported at conferences and in peer-reviewed scientific journals.