bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Functional External Memory Aid Tool Version 2.0: A How-To Clinical Guide
Authors: Lanzi Alyssa M. , Saylor Anna K. , Dedrick Robert F. , Bourgeois Michelle S. , Cohen Matthew L. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
Although compensatory cognitive rehabilitation is a common treatment approach for adults with cognitive-communication disorders, there are few assessment tools available to support clinicians in developing person-centered treatment plans. In addition to understanding a client's cognitive and functional abilities, it is also important to understand how they compensate for their weaknesses, specifically with external aids (e.g., calendars, notes), in everyday life. The Functional External Memory Aid Tool (FEMAT) is a performance-based measure that quantifies and describes external aid use during task completion.

Method:
The purpose of this clinical focus article is to educate and equip clinicians to administer and interpretate the FEMAT with adult clients with cognitive-communication disorders. This clinical focus article describes the theoretical motivation for the FEMAT as well as the administration, scoring, and interpretation procedures for Version 2.0 of the measure. A hypothetical case example is included to illustrate how to use the FEMAT to develop person-centered goals and treatment plans.

Conclusions:
The FEMAT is psychometrically sound, clinically relevant, free, easily accessible, and quick to administer and provides data that are complementary to data obtained from traditional performance-based and/or patient-reported measures. This clinical focus article describes new resources that are available to help clinicians administer and interpret Version 2.0 of the FEMAT when serving adults with cognitive-communication disorders.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21651311
Predicting Scalar Implicature Interpretations From Lexical Knowledge
Authors: Grinstead John , Kirk Sadler , Pratt Amy , Arrieta-Zamudio Ana 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

We measure typically developing monolingual child Spanish speakers' lexical development with a range of standard expressive and receptive tests. We also measure their comprehension of sentences with the existential quantifier
algunos
“some” to determine their abilities to generate “some, but not all” scalar implicatures or pragmatically enriched quantifier interpretations. We then determine the degree to which lexical development predicts implicature interpretations.

Method:
We fit regression models with lexical measures as predictor variables and implicature interpretations as the outcome variable. We then divide the child sample into implicature generators (50/61) and implicature nongenerators (11/61) and test the usefulness of the four lexical measures in a linear discriminant function analysis to separate children into these two categories.

Results:
Results show significant correlations between each lexical measure and the outcome variable and, in a regression, that three of four lexical measures account for unique variance. Furthermore, the linear discriminant function analysis separates children into implicature nongenerators with 100% accuracy (11/11) and implicature generators with 88% accuracy (44/50).

Conclusions:
The Quantity Scale, or set of quantity-expressing determiners, proposed by Horn and Grice, develops as a function of the links among its quantifiers. We speculate that children's lexicons refract approximate number system representations in language- and morpheme-specific ways. These quantified noun phrases (NPs) are then merged into sentences interpreted pragmatically with conversationally computed implicatures, using higher order reasoning.
Profiles of Dysarthria and Dysphagia in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Donohue Cara , Gray Lauren Tabor , Anderson Amber , DiBiase Lauren , Wymer James P. , Plowman Emily K. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
While dysarthria and dysphagia are known bulbar manifestations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the relative prevalence of speech and swallowing impairments and whether these bulbar symptoms emerge at the same time point or progress at similar rates is not yet clear. We, therefore, sought to determine the relative prevalence of speech and swallowing impairments in a cohort of individuals with ALS and to determine the impact of disease duration, severity, and onset type on bulbar impairments.

Method:

Eighty-eight individuals with a confirmed diagnosis of ALS completed the ALS Functional Rating Scale–Revised (ALSFRS-R), underwent videofluoroscopy (VF), and completed the Sentence Intelligibility Test (SIT) during a single visit. Demographic variables including disease duration and onset type were also obtained from participants. Duplicate, independent, and blinded ratings were completed using the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) scale and SIT to index dysphagia (DIGEST ≥ 1) and dysarthria (< 96% intelligible and/or < 150 words per minute) status. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-squared tests, independent-samples
t
tests, and odds ratios were performed.

Results:

Dysphagia and dysarthria were instrumentally confirmed in 68% and 78% of individuals with ALS, respectively. Dysarthria and dysphagia were associated (
p
= .01), and bulbar impairment profile distributions in rank order included (a) dysphagia – dysarthria (59%,
n
= 52), (b) no dysphagia – dysarthria (19%,
n
= 17), (c) no dysphagia – no dysarthria (13%,
n
= 11), and (d) dysphagia – no dysarthria (9%,
n
= 8). Participants with dysphagia or dysarthria demonstrated 4.2 higher odds of exhibiting a bulbar impairment in the other domain than participants with normal speech and swallowing (95% CI [1.5, 12.2]). There were no differences in ALSFRS-R total scores or disease duration across bulbar impairment profiles (
p
> .05). ALSFRS-R bulbar subscale scores were significantly lower in individuals with dysphagia versus no dysphagia (8.4 vs. 10.4,
p
< .0001) and dysarthria versus no dysarthria (8.5 vs. 10.9,
p
< .0001). Dysphagia and onset type (
p
= .003) and dysarthria and onset type were associated (
p
< .0001).

Conclusions:
Over half of the individuals with ALS in this study demonstrated both dysphagia and dysarthria. Of those with only one bulbar impairment, speech was twice as likely to be the first bulbar symptom to degrade. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine the longitudinal progression of bulbar impairments in this patient population.
An integrated approach for mental health assessment using emotion analysis and scales
Authors: Shanthi N. , Stonier Albert Alexander , Sherine Anli , Devaraju T. , Abinash S. , Ajay R. , Arul Prasath V. , Ganji Vivekananda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDepression is a prominent cause of mental illness, which could primarily increase early death. It is possible that this is the root of suicidal ideation, and it causes severe impairment in daily life. By detecting human face traits, artificial intelligence (AI) has cleared the road for predicting human emotions. This predictive technique will be used to conduct a preliminary assessment of depression. Prediction is accomplished using a mixture of four modules namely Facial Emotion Recognition (FER), Scales Questionnaire, Speech Emotion Recognition (SER), and Doctor Chat. FER2013 dataset is used for the FER module, while for speech‐based recognition, RAVDESS, TESS, SAVEE, and CREMA‐D are collectively used. To improve the accuracy of the FER, the people in the given image will be fed into a Face API created with TensorFlow JS, which will eventually be given to the proposed model that will recognize human faces in the image. For SER, a python library known as Librosa is used for extracting audio features and it will be fed to the proposed model. The scales module of the app has questionnaires that can be answered, and the result can be generated based on the scores obtained using established scales used in modern psychology such as the HAM‐D, YMRS etc., Though deep learning can predict emotions, the user may choose to speak with a real doctor about the issues to clear up any doubts. The application has a Doctor Chat module, which is essentially a chat bot for interacting with a doctor. Using this module, the users can talk, exchange files, and have their questions answered. The accuracy of FER is 91% whereas for SER, it is 82% on the test sets. The proposed approach produces the highest accuracy for the benchmark dataset. These four modules will work together to produce a homogenous depression report.
Distributed square root fuzzy cubature information filter for object tracking on the possibilistic framework
Authors: Zhang Xiaobo , He Bing , liu Gang , Zifeng Gong , Zhang Xianyang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, a distributed fuzzy filter is proposed for a non‐linear state estimation problem on the possibilistic framework. Firstly, instead of Gaussian distribution on the probability framework, the process and observation noises are modelled as fuzzy random variables with trapezoidal possibility distributions. Secondly, a novel square root fuzzy cubature information filtering (SRFCIF) algorithm is proposed to deal with non‐linear state estimation with fuzzy noise; a fuzzy variable fusion (FVF) algorithm is used for fuzzy random variables fusion. Consequently, a distributed square root fuzzy cubature information filter (DSRFCIF) is proposed by embedding SRFCF and FVF into the consensus frame. Finally, consistency analysis and simulation demonstration are executed for the proposed filter.
Kinematics and brightness temperatures of transition discs
Authors: Wölfer L. , Facchini S. , van der Marel N. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Benisty M. , Bohn A. J. , Francis L. , Izquierdo A. F. , Teague R. D. 
Published: December 2022

Context. In recent years, high-angular-resolution observations of the dust and gas content in circumstellar discs have revealed a variety of morphologies, naturally triggering the question of whether these substructures are driven by forming planets interacting with their environment or other mechanisms. While it remains difficult to directly image embedded planets, one of the most promising methods to distinguish disc-shaping mechanisms is to study the kinematics of the gas disc. Characterising deviations from Keplerian rotation can then be used to probe underlying perturbations such as planet-disc interactions. Creating spiral structures, the latter can also be traced in the brightness temperature.
Aims. In this paper, we aim to analyse the gas brightness temperatures and kinematics of a sample of 36 transition discs observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to resolve and characterise possible substructures that may be tracing embedded companions.
Methods. For our analysis, we use archival Band 6 and Band 7 ALMA observations of different CO isotopologues (12CO, 13CO, and C18O) and fit different Keplerian disc models (thin and thick disc geometry) to the retrieved velocity field of each disc.
Results. After the subtraction of an azimuthally averaged brightness temperature profile and Keplerian rotation model from the peak brightness temperature and velocity maps, we find significant substructures in eight sources of our sample (CQ Tau, GG Tau, HD 100453, HD 142527, HD 169142, HP Cha, TW Hya, and UX Tau A) in both the brightness temperature and velocity residuals. Other sources show tentative features, while about half of our sample does not show any substructures in the temperature and kinematics that may be indicative of planet-disc interactions.
Conclusions. For the first time, we compare the substructures from our analysis with various other indicators for the presence of planets. About 20% of discs show strong features such as arcs or spirals, possibly associated with the presence of planets, while the majority of discs do not present as clear planet-driven signatures. Almost all discs that exhibit spirals in near-infrared scattered light show at least tentative features in the CO data. The present data are able to reveal only very massive bodies and a lack of features may suggest that, if there are planets at all, they are of lower mass (<1–3 MJ) or may be located closer to the star within deep cavities. Deeper and higher resolution observations and modelling efforts are needed to confirm such scenarios.
Vergleichende Risiko/Nutzen-Analyse verschiedener
psychotroper Substanzen aus der Perspektive deutscher Drogenkonsumenten und
Suchtmediziner – Ein Beitrag für die Psychoedukationsarbeit mit
Abhängigkeitserkrankten und
Restriktions-/Legalisierungsdebatten
Authors: Kanti Ann-Kristin , Specka Michael , Scherbaum Norbert , Bonnet Udo 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Es existiert keine aktuelle internationale Vergleichsstudie
von Drogenkonsumenten und Suchtexperten zur Einschätzung des
Risiko/Nutzen-Profils legaler und illegaler psychotroper Substanzen und
zudem keine auch ältere Studie dazu aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum.
Methodik Ergänzend zu den bereits veröffentlichten Daten
101 deutscher Suchtexperten (in diesem Journal publiziert, [1]) wurden analog
100 substanzabhängige Drogenkonsumenten während ihrer
stationären Entzugsbehandlung (Akutkrankenhaus) oder
Entwöhnungsbehandlung (Rehabilitationskrankenhaus) per strukturiertem
Fragebogen zu ihrer Einschätzung des Schadens- und Nutzenpotentials von
34 legalen und illegalen psychotroper Substanzen interviewt.
Ergebnisse In Übereinstimmung bewerteten Konsumenten und Experten,
dass die traditionellen illegalen Drogen Heroin, Crack/Kokain und
Methamphetamin das größte Schädlichkeitspotential
besitzen. Synthetische Cannabinoide, Alkohol und Benzodiazepine befanden sich im
oberen Mittelfeld, Cannabis und psychotrope Pilze im unteren Mittelfeld und
Gabapentinoide am Ende der Gefährdungsrangordnung beider Gruppen.
Methadon und Benzodiazepine wurden von Konsumenten signifikant
gefährlicher eingestuft. Hinsichtlich des Substanznutzens bewerteten
Konsumenten traditionelle illegale Drogen einschließlich Cannabis und
psychotrope Pilze ebenso wie Nikotin als signifikant nützlicher als die
Experten. Im Gegensatz zu den Experten bewerteten die Konsumenten keine Substanz
als extrem gefährlich bei gleichzeitig geringer Nützlichkeit.
Erfahrungen mit Opioid-Analgetika konnten nur von wenigen Konsumenten berichtet
werden, wurden aber bezüglich ihres Risiko/Nutzen-Profils
ähnlich den Expertenurteilen eingeordnet. Durch Legalisierung von
Cannabis erwarten weder Konsumenten noch Experten eine Änderung des
Gefährdungspotentials. In beiden Gruppen existierten spezifische
kognitive Bewertungsverzerrungen.
Fazit Die vorliegende Studie zeigt erste Informationen aus dem
deutschsprachigen Raum zur Risiko/Nutzen-Bewertung psychotroper
Substanzen aus der Perspektive von Suchtexperten und Konsumenten. Diese
können als Beitrag für die Psychoedukationsarbeit in der
Behandlung von Substanzabhängigen aber auch für aktuelle
gesundheitspolitischen Debatten zur legalen Verfügbarkeit von Drogen zum
Freizeitgebrauch hilfreich sein.
Reconstrução com endoprótese não convencional após ressecção de tumores ósseos primários de fêmur distal: sobrevida do implante e resultados funcionais
Authors: Pereira Cibele Marino , Pinto Fábio Fernando Elói , Nakagawa Suely Akiko , Chung Wu Tu 
Published: December 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o tempo de sobrevida, a taxa de falha e suas causas, e os resultados funcionais de endopróteses cimentadas, com corpo em polietileno, empregadas após ressecção de tumores ósseos primários do fêmur distal.
Métodos Estudo retrospectivo, que incluiu 93 procedimentos primários e 77 de revisão, realizados entre 1987 e 2014. A sobrevida foi obtida pela análise de Kaplan Meyer, e os fatores de risco para falha do implante foram avaliados por meio do modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox. As causas de falha da endoprótese foram classificadas segundo Henderson et al. em cinco tipos: falha de partes moles, soltura asséptica, fratura estrutural, infecção e recorrência do tumor. A avaliação funcional foi realizada por meio do sistema de classificação funcional da Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) para sarcomas ósseos da extremidade inferior, versão brasileira (MSTS-BR).
Resultados Osteossarcoma foi o diagnóstico mais comum; 64,5% dos pacientes tinham menos de 20 anos; e o seguimento médio foi de 124,3 meses. A taxa de falha do implante primário foi de 54,8%, e a sobrevida média foi 123 meses. A estimativa de sobrevida do implante primário foi de 63,6%, 43,5%, 24,1%, 14,5% em 5, 10, 15 e 20 anos, respectivamente. A causa de falha mais comum foi a do tipo 2 (37,3%). Idade ≤ 26 anos e lado direito foram fatores de risco para falha. A pontuação média no MSTS-BR foi de 20,7 (variação: 14 a 27).
Conclusão Os resultados obtidos para a taxa de falha e o tempo de sobrevida do implante estão de acordo com os da literatura, de forma que o procedimento estudado é adequado e apresenta resultados funcionais satisfatórios, inclusive em longo prazo.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Surgery: DON'T QUIT—JUST DO IT
Authors: Orozco-Sevilla Vicente , Etheridge Ginger , Coselli Joseph S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSurgical aortic repair has progressed from aneurysm ligation to homografts to Dacron grafts to totally endovascular interventions. These fields will continue to evolve, and new endovascular technology will be used in virtually every part of the aorta, eventually dominating this field of surgery. However, as surgeons, we must be cautious and not let go of our open-surgery skills, as they will always be the ultimate bailout solution.
Spinal Cord Ischemia in Open and Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Rinaldi Enrico , Loschi Diletta , Favia Nicola , Santoro Annarita , Chiesa Roberto , Melissano Germano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the improvements, spinal cord ischemia is still one of the major and most dramatic potential complications after thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic treatments, for both open and endovascular procedures. A multimodal approach, which includes several intraoperative and postoperative maneuvers, may contribute to optimizing the spinal cord tolerance to ischemia. The aim of this article is to report the different techniques employed to improve spinal cord perfusion, directly and indirectly through collateral circulation.
Iatrogenic Type A Aortic Dissection: Challenges and Frontiers—Contemporary Single Center Data and Clinical Perspective
Authors: von Aspern Konstantin , Leontyev Sergey , Etz Christian D. , Haunschild Josephina , Misfeld Martin , Borger Michael A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIatrogenic aortic dissection (IAD) is a rare but devastating complication in cardiac surgery and related procedures. Due to its rarity, published data on emergency surgery following IAD are limited. Herein, we discuss IAD occurring intra- and postoperatively, including those occurring during transcatheter aortic valve replacement and cardiac catheterization, and present benchmark data from our consecutive, single-center experience. We demonstrate changes in patient characteristics, surgical approaches, and outcomes over a 23-year period.
Risk Prediction Models for Management of Patients following Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Munir Wahaj , Bashir Mohamad , Idhrees Mohammed , Awad Wael I. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRisk prediction of adverse outcomes post aortic dissection is dependet not only on the postdissection-associated clinical factors but on the very foundation of the risk factors that lead up to the dissection itself. There are various such risk factors existing prior to the dissection which impact the postdissection outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature to critically analyze various risk models, burdened by their significant limitations, that attempt to stratify risk prediction based on postdissection patient characteristics. We further review several studies across the literature that investigate the diverse set of predissection risk factors impacting postdissection outcomes. We have discussed and appraised numerous studies which attempt to develop a tool to stratify risk prediction by incorporating the impacts of different factors: malperfusion, blood biochemistry, and perioperative outcomes. The well-validated Penn classification has clearly demonstrated in the literature the significant impact that malperfusion has on adverse outcomes postdissection. Other risk models, already severely hindered by their limitations, lack such validation. We further discuss additional alluded risk factors, including the impact of predissection aortic size, the syndromic and nonsyndromic natures of dissection, and the effects of family history and genetics, which collectively contribute to the risk of adverse outcomes postdissection and prognosis. To achieve the goal of a true risk model, there remains the vital need for appreciation and appropriate consideration for all such aforementioned factors, from before and after the dissection, as discussed in this paper. By being able to incorporate the value of true risk prediction for a patient into the decision-making framework, it will allow a new page of precision medical decision-making to be written.
Role of Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in the Management of Complex IBD: Initial Prospective Experience from a Tertiary Center in India
Authors: Pal Partha , Ramchandani Mohan , Banerjee Rupa , Inavolu Pradev , Nabi Zaheer , Rughwani Hardik , Singh Aniruddha Pratap Haripal , Patel Rajendra , Vijayalaxmi Polina , Singh Jagdeesh Rampal , Rebala Pradeep , Rao Guduru Venkat , Reddy D Nageshwar , Tandan Manu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background/Aims With the growing multidisciplinary model of practice in the management of complex inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rising incidence of IBD, interventional IBD (IIBD) promises to play a key role. We aimed to evaluate current the role of IIBD in India and its short-term outcomes.
Methods IBD patients undergoing IIBD procedures for stricture, bleeding, colitis-associated neoplasia, therapeutic small bowel endoscopy including retained capsule retrieval and postsurgical complications were enrolled prospectively between September 2021 and May 2022. Demographic and disease details, indications, initial and redo procedure details, technical/clinical success, and complications were recorded.
Results IIBD procedures were performed in total 54 patients (61% males, median age: 37.5 years, range: 21–74 years, Crohn's disease [CD]: 42, ulcerative colitis [UC]: 12 between September 2021 and April 2022). Endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) was performed in 44 patients (56 strictures, 9% anastomotic, 9% pouch) who underwent total 83 EBD procedures in 63 sessions. Short-term clinical efficacy after maximal dilation, technical success (i.e., scope passage after EBD), and complications (all mild) were noted in 95.4, 81.8, and 9.1%, respectively. Recurrent symptoms were seen in 27.3% on short-term follow-up (1–8 months, median: 5 months) for which redilation, surgery, and endoscopic stricturotomy were done in 22.7, 2.3, and 2.3% respectively. During small bowel EBD, motorized spiral enteroscopy-guided retained capsule endoscope retrieval was done in four patients. Ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia (UCAN) was resected endoscopically in six patients (endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)—1, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR)—5). High-grade dysplasia was resected in two patients (1 ESD for recurrent UCAN, 1 EMR had residual neoplasia on follow-up treated with underwater EMR). R0 resection was achieved in 83.3%. Endoscopic hemostasis was done with hemoclipping and sclerotherapy for UC-related bleeding in two, whereas a case of CD with proximal ileal bleeding was controlled with antegrade single-balloon enteroscopy-assisted hemoclipping.
Conclusions IIBD is a promising modality in resource-limited settings like India acting as a bridge between medical therapy and surgery. Surgery can be avoided in a significant proportion with good short-term outcomes. Long-term outcomes need to be evaluated.