bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Day and Night Blood Pressure Variability among Older Persons in South-Western Nigeria
Authors: Adeoye Abiodun M. , Adebusoye Lawrence Adekunle , Fakunle Adekunle G. , Aderonmu Olajumoke I. , Adebayo Oladimeji M. , Michael Obaro S. , Adetona Moses Olusola , Thrift Amanda G. , Olaiya Muideen T. , Owolabi Mayowa O. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Hypertension is the largest contributor to the global burden of disease. Emerging risk factors for cardiovascular disease include blood pressure variability (BPV), but evidence on BPV is lacking among older Nigerians. We reported BPV in a cohort of older persons at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of respondents aged >50 years within the Ibadan Ambulatory Blood Pressure Registry at the UCH, Ibadan, Nigeria. Socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits and anthropometric measurements were obtained.

Results:
Among 639 respondents, 332 (52.0%) were female. The blood pressure (BP) variables were strongly associated with age. Compared with younger age groups, mean diastolic BP (DBP) was less at an older age, whereas mean pulse pressure was greater. During the wake-up and sleep periods, mean DBP and mean arterial BP were less with each increasing age category, whereas mean pulse pressure was larger with each increasing age category. BP dipping, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP decreased with age. Overall, timed BPV increased significantly with increasing age. The prevalence of white-coat hypertension was greater among older participants than younger participants. Most respondents in the 50–59 years' age group were non-dippers (55.8%), whereas 33.7% of older respondents were reverse-dippers.

Conclusion:
Older persons experienced a greater abnormal circadian blood variation and greater BPV than younger people. In Nigeria, follow-up data are needed to determine the prognostic significance of these data in this population.
Normative Scores for Select Neuropsychological Battery Tests for the Detection of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder amongst Nigerians
Authors: Nweke Martins , Mshunqane Nombeko , Govender Nalini , Akinpelu Aderonke O. , Ogunniyi Adesola 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The study aimed to derive socio-demographic–corrected norms for selecting neuropsychological (NP) battery tests for people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Nigeria. This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst patients who attended the general outpatient clinic and junior staff of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla.

Aims and Objectives:
To determine the normative scores for select neuropsychological battery test for the detection of neurocognitive disorder amongst Nigerians PLWHIV. A sample of 92 individuals received voluntary HIV testing.

Methods:
Eligibility criteria were being HIV negative, aged 18–64 years and formal education. We undertook a brief neuromedical examination to identify putative exclusion criteria. We sampled four NP tests covering seven cognitive domains and the motor speed component of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS-MS). We presented the normative scores using statistics of mean, median, standard deviation (SD), kurtosis and skewness.

Results:
All the participants were Nigerians aged 18–64 years. Most (74.1%) of the participants were females. The mean and median ages of the participants were 42.6 ± 11.42 years and 44 years, respectively. The effect of gender on NP performance was limited to the digit span test (DST)-forwards, while education affected all expect IHDS-MS and DST-backwards. The cut-off scores for defining mild and severe impairment varied (moving from 1SD to 2SD) for all cognitive domains except for IHDS-MS and DST.

Conclusions:
With these preliminary normative scores, it will be easier to identify and classify the severity of neurocognitive impairment amongst PLWHIV in Nigeria, thus facilitating the goal of keeping HIV-associated dementia to a minimum. The lack of variability in the IHDS-MS and DST is unfavourable.
Prevalence of Skeletal-Related Events in Hormone-naive Prostate Cancer in a Low Resource Setting
Authors: Ugwumba Fredrick Obiefuna , Nnabugwu Ikenna Ifeanyi , Okoh Agharighom David , Echetabu Kevin Ndubuisi , Onwuasoigwe Okechukwu , Nwosu Ekeoma Okey 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Presentation with symptoms of advanced prostate cancer is prevalent in developing societies. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of and factors associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) at presentation with hormone-naïve prostate cancer.

Methods:
Records of 331 consecutive prostate cancer patients from January 2009 to April 2018 were reviewed. The prevalence of SRE at the presentation was determined. In addition, the relationships between SRE and age of patient, duration of clinical features, serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and biopsy Gleason score (GS) at presentation were evaluated. Analyses were done with IBM SPSS® version 25.

Results:
Mean age was 69.8 ± 8.0 years. While 43.8% of patients had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) only, 51.4% had LUTS and other features of disease progression. Only 2.1% of the cases were confirmed from screen detection of elevated serum tPSA. SREs were observed in 11.8% at first presentations with hormone-naïve prostate cancer. Symptom duration (odds ratio [OR] 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.99; P = 0.02), anaemia that could not be attributed to gross haematuria or external blood loss (OR 9.6; 95% CI 3.12–29.52; P < 0.001) and transrectal biopsy GS (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.17–2.22; P = 0.003) were significantly associated with SREs at presentation with hormone-naïve prostate cancer.

Conclusions:
Evidence exists that patients who present with SREs from more aggressive prostate cancers may have had more rapid symptom progression, but not a longer delay before presentation.
Profiles of Sugar Fermenting Bacteria of the Oral Cavity among Children with Dental Caries Attending Stomatology Services at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital in Musanze District, Northern Rwanda
Authors: Yadufashije Callixte , Uwase Diane , Muhimpundu Liliane , Izere Cedrick , Mucumbitsi Joseph , Munyeshyaka Emmanuel , Twagirumukiza Gratien , Mwanzia Lydia Nzisa , Migabo Hiberte , Mala Albert Onyango 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Dental caries remains a public health threat of concern among children. About 2.3 billion people are affected by dental caries, of which 530 million are children globally.

Objective:
This study was carried out to identify sugar fermenting bacteria in the oral cavity and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern, assess the association with sugar fermenter bacteria and dental caries and evaluate dental caries outcomes among children.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted between October 2021 and February 2022 at Ruhengeri Referral Hospital. About 136 oral swab samples were collected from children with and without dental caries at 1:1 ratio. The samples were put in Stuart sterile container and transported to INES-clinical microbiology laboratory for microbial identification. Logistic regression analysis of demographic characteristics was performed to study the relationship between demographic variables and dental caries. Chi-square test was performed for the association between variables.

Results:
About 67.6% were male, while children of age 7–9 years (64.7%) dominated the age groups. Lactobacilli spp (15.29%) and Streptococcus mutans (12.94%) were the most predominant microorganisms observed in the oral cavity among children with dental caries. The S. mutans (x
2 = 27.03, P < 0.00001, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.2901–0.5785), S. aureus (x
2 = 34.59, P < 0.00001, 95% CI = 0.3541–0.6292), Enterobacter aerogenes (x
2 = 13.5, P = 0.000239, 95% CI = 0.151–0.4622), Serratia marcescens (x
2 = 11.64, P = 0.00645, 95% CI = 0.1275–0.4418) and Klebsiella pneumonia (x
2 = 13.51, P = 0.000237, 95% CI = 0.1511–0.4623) were significantly associated with dental caries. Teeth loss (x
2 = 51.04, P < 0.00001, 95% CI = 0.4757–0.7205), teeth pain (x
2 = 5.05, P = 0.0246, 95% CI = 0.0249–0.33499), and infection (x
2 = 4.73, P = 0.02964, 95% CI = 0.0186–0.3441) were dental outcomes associated with tooth decay. Ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and amoxicillin were the most sensitive antibiotics, while vancomycin and chloramphenicol were the most resistant.

Conclusion:
Sugar consumption favours the growth of sugar fermenter bacteria that cause dental caries among children. Dental caries is associated with adverse oral health outcomes among children. Oral health education is recommended for children. Parents are advised to reduce the consumption of sugary food for their children for oral health safety.
Caregivers' Perception and Determinants of Delayed Presentation of Children with Severe Malaria in an Emergency Room in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Abiodun Moses Temidayo , Ilori Oluwatosin Ruth 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Severe malaria is a leading cause of mortality due to late presentation to health facilities. Hence, there is a need to identify and mitigate factors promoting delayed presentation with severe malaria.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate determinants of delayed presentation of children with severe malaria in a tertiary referral hospital.

Methods:
This study adopted a descriptive, cross-sectional design. The participants were children with a diagnosis of severe malaria, based on WHO diagnostic criteria. Delayed presentation was defined as presentation at the referral centre at >3 days of illness. Inferential analyses were done to identify factors associated with delayed presentation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 126 children with severe malaria participated in the study; their mean (standard deviation) age was 4.2 (5.3) years. The prevalence of delayed presentation in this study is 37.3%. Socio-economic class (P = 0.003); marital status (P = 0.015) and the number of health facilities visited before admission in the referral centre (P = 0.008) were significantly associated with delayed presentation. Children from upper socio-economic class were thrice more likely to present late, compared to those from lower social class (odds ratio [OR] = 3.728, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.694–8.208; P = 0.001). Likewise, the Yorubas were more delayed than the Binis (OR = 0.408, 95% CI: 0.180–0.928; P = 0.033). There was a negative correlation between caregivers' perception of treatment (r = −0.113, P = 0.21) of convulsion in severe malaria and timing of presentation.

Conclusions:
Delayed presentation is common with multifactorial determinants in the setting. Health education of caregivers on the consequences of delayed presentation in severe malaria is desirable.
Surgical Resident Doctors' Perception of their Training using Surgical Theatre Educational Environment Measure (STEEM) Tool in Postgraduate Surgical Residency Training Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Elebute Olumide Abiodun , Sule Salami Suberu , Mofikoya Bolaji O. , Jeje Emmanuel Ajibola , Atoyebi Oluwole Ayoola 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Postgraduate Medical Education is ‘the constellation of learning activities carried out to enable doctors to develop relevant competencies and deeper knowledge in specific subject areas after completion of basic medical education’. The purpose of this study was to examine the perception of surgical resident doctors of their training in accredited institutions in Nigeria, using the Surgical Theatre Educational Environment Measure (STEEM) inventory.

Methods:
The study was a cross-sectional observational study that employed the STEEM instrument which was administered online via email to surgical resident doctors in all the surgical residency training institutions in Nigeria accredited by the National Postgraduate Medical College of Nigeria. The STEEM is a validated 40 item, self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23. Cronbach's alpha was calculated for the whole STEEM and the sub-scales for both reliability and internal consistency.

Results:
One hundred and sixty-six respondents filled the questionnaire out of 464 people contacted, giving a respondent rate of 35.7%. There were 156 (94.0%) males and 10 (6.0%) female respondents. One hundred respondents (60.2%) had global STEEM scores less than the benchmark of 120, three (1.8%) with scores of 120 and 63 (38.0%) had scores >120.

Conclusion:
The majority of the respondents in our study indicated dissatisfaction with their operational educational environment experience.
Mobile Phone Usage among Nigerians
Authors: Akinbo Sunday Rufus , Aiyegbusi Ayoola Ibifubara , Okafor Udoka Arinze , Balogun Oluwaseyi Jessy 
Published: July 2022

Aims:
The increase in the usage of hand-held devices (HHDs) and smartphones (SPs), especially in Nigeria has resulted in an upsurge of musculoskeletal complaints. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries due to mobile phone usage among Nigerians and the preventive strategies.

Materials and Methods:
This study involved 630 male and female participants above 18 years old who were purposively recruited across designated study centres in public places. The instrument used was a questionnaire specifically designed to suit the Nigerian culture and environment and developed from previously validated questionnaires. Data were exported to Statistical Computing Programming R version 4.0.5 for analysis and Chi-square was used to compare the characteristics of those who experienced injury using SPs/HHDS and those who did not. Independent variables with a 95% confidence level and P < 0.05 in the multivariate model were considered statistically significant.

Results:
The most common daily use of SPs/HHDS by the participants was phone calls (98.4%) followed closely by social networking (96.0%) while the occupation and educational level of the participants had statistically significant (P < 0.05) impact on musculoskeletal injuries. The type of mobile device and the time spent using these devices were also significant (P < 0.05) risk factors for injuries. Some self-treatment strategies adopted by the participants were all significantly (P < 0.05) associated with reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort.

Conclusion:
The occupation, educational level, the types of mobile devices and time spent using the devices were risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries.
GADAI MENURUT PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Alfi Syahrin Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

Sebagai makhluk sosial, yang mana dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia tak terlepas dari yang namanya transaksi. Manusia dijadikan oleh Allah SWT. untuk melengkapi satu sama lain, saling membutuhkan sesama manusia, supaya mereka dapat saling membantu, berbuat baik dengan jalan sewa- menyewa, tukar- menukar, bertani, atau dengan jalan yang lainnya. Salah satu bentuk transaksi dalam islam ialah Gadai (ar-rahn) yang merupakan akad hutang piutang dengan menjadikan barang atau benda yang memiliki nilai untuk dijadikan sebagai jaminan terhadap hutang yang diterimanya. Hal ini digunakan untuk memberikan rasa nyaman dan tentram dari pemberi pinjaman supaya apa yang ia pinjamkan kepada peminjam menjadi lebih meyakinkan. Pada dasarnya gadai (ar-rahn) termasuk dalam sebuah transaksi utang-piutang juga sekaligus dapat membantu sesama muslim dalam menjalankan hubungan sosial antara umat manusia. Karena kegiatan gadai ini tidak dilarang dalam Islam selama itu tidak menyimpang dari ketentuan yang sudah digariskan dalam al-Quran, al-Hadis, juga penjelasan dari para ulama. Namun dalam masyarakat masih terdapat banyak yang tidak memahami konsep gadai menurut ketentuan agama islam
PENANAMAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM PADA MASYARAKAT URBAN MELALUI MAJLIS SYABABUL A’DHOM DI PERUMAHAN GRAND HILTON PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Sari Sayunovita , Hidayah Ulil 
Published: July 2022

Abstrack: This paper is a research on the model of embedding Islamic education in urban communities in a group of Grand Gilton housing estates, Probolinggo City. Socio-culturally, people who live in urban and rural areas have different lifestyles in various ways, one of which is the mindset and behavior in studying how to study religion. In this study, the method used was descriptive qualitative by digging up data on the role of the Syababun A'dhom majlis ta'lim in instilling the values of Islamic education in the congregation, which is widely followed by residents of the Grand Hilton housing and surrounding areas. The results of the study describe the model of activities carried out by the Syababun A'dhom ta'lim council, namely by carrying out scheduled learning activities to read the Koran face to face or privately to residents' homes, conducting studies of Islamic reference books, completing the Koran in the month of Ramadan regularly. anjangsana, social service activities, and nature tourism. All activities are carried out consistently and without any fees. Keywords: Islamic Education, Urban Society Abstrak: Tulisan ini adalah penelitian tentang model penanaman pendidikan Islam pada masyarakat urban di sekelompok perumahan Grand Gilton Kota Probolinggo. Secara sosial kultural masyarakat yang hidup diperkotaan dan di pedesaan memiliki corak gaya hidup yang berbeda dalam berbagai hal, salah satunya adalah pola pikir dan tingkah laku dalam mendalami cara mendalami keagamaan. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah deskrptif kualitatif dengan menggali data pada peran majlis ta’lim Syababun A’dhom dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai pendidikan Islam pada jamaah yang banyak diikuti oleh warga perumahan Grand Hilton dan sekitarnya. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan model kegiatan yang dilakukan majlis ta’lim Syababun A’dhom adalah dengan melakukan kegiatan pembelajaran baca al Quran secara terjadwal tatap muka maupun secara privat ke rumah warga, melakukan kegiatan kajian kitab-kitab rujukan Islam, khataman al Quran pada bulan Romadhon secara anjangsana, kegiatan bakti sosial, serta melakukan wisata alam. Semua kegiatan yang dilakukan secara istiqomah dan tanpa ada pungutan biaya. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Islam, Masyarakat urban
THE INFLUENCE OF THE NURSES’ CHARACTERISTICS AND THE NURSES’ ATTITUDES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NURSING CARE PLAN IN MACHAKOS COUNTY
Authors: Kiarie Hellen , Mutinda Agnes , Kithinji Winfred 
Published: July 2022

Purpose: This descriptive cross-sectional study sought to assess the implementation of the nursing process by nurses in two sub county hospitals in Machakos county, Namely: Kangundo and Kathiani sub county hospitals. The study examined the influence of the nurses’ characteristics and the nurses’ attitudes on the implementation of the nursing process in the sub County.
Methods: A self-administered questionnaire collected quantitative data, while key informant interviews were used to gather qualitative information. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (in particular, the chi-square and Fisher’s Exact) were derived from the data.
Results: Sixty-three percent of the nurses (n=45) had drafted a NCP a week prior to the study while 35.7% (n=25) had not. Seventy-five percent of them (n=41) had implemented the NCP. The nurses who developed the nursing care plan frequently ended up implementing it (100%, n=43) compared to those who did not (23.1%, n=3; fisher’s Exact Test P=0.000). Similarly, among the nurses who did not implement the nursing process, 76.9% (N=10) of them felt that NCP is time consuming. This difference was significant at 5% confidence level (LR=8.717, df=2, p=0.013). Although statistical analysis revealed no significant association between nursing process implementation and socio-demographic factors (p>0.05), qualitative findings suggested that the newly qualified nurses are more familiar with the nursing process than their older colleagues.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: study recommends that nursing administration cultivate positive mentality among nurses towards the nursing process; particularly focusing on making nurses understand that the tool should be consistently used among all patients and that it significantly improves patient care.
PENGUATAN PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PENCEGAHAN COVID 19 DENGAN MENCUCI TANGAN DENGAN SABUN DAN MEMAKAI MASKER DI DESA KLAMPISAN, KECAMATAN GENENG, KABUPATEN NGAWI
Authors: Sandi Yudisa Diaz Lutfi 
Published: July 2022

Background: Covid-19 pandemic has become a growing issue in Indonesia with erious attention from the government by providing a policy of implementing strict health protocols. There is a problem of high transmission which is causally due to the application of wearing masks and how to wash hands with soap that is not appropriate and facilities that are not balanced. Aims: The social service prevents the spread of Covid-19 through socializing and facilitating the community in carrying out health protocols by use mask and hand washing appropiately. Methods: Participants in community service selected by random sampling. selection of participants according to the advice of community leaders. Results: obtained as many as 70 people in Klampisan Village, Geneng District, Ngawi Regency by going from house to house by several implementing teams. the community received socialization and a package of health protocols in the form of masks and hand washing soap. The socialization was given through appeals and leaflets about preventing Covid-19 in the surrounding environment. Conclusion: health education,s appeal to prevent Covid-19 transmission and facilitate the use of masks and soap for washing hands as prevent Covid-19 in the future to leads awareness of implementing health protocols helps prevent Covid-19 in Kalmpisan Village, Geneng, Ngawi District.
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN ASI EKSKLUSIF, TEKNIK MENYUSUI DAN PENANGANAN PUTING SUSU LECET DI JETIS
Authors: Agustin Nurul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract Health development is an effort to fulfill one of the people's rights, especially in the health sector. One way to improve health development is to develop human resources from an early age through exclusive breastfeeding.Breastfeeding is a scientific process. Millions of mothers around the world are able to breastfeed their babies without ever reading a book about breastfeeding, even illiterate mothers can breastfeed their children well. However, in our current cultural environment, doing things naturally is not always easy. When breastfeeding for the first time, breastfeeding mothers generally feel pain or tenderness in the nipples. This is normal, but if the pain or stinging is excessive and even accompanied by sore nipples, then this is not normal and requires treatment. Some researchers have found that sore or sore nipples are generally caused by breastfeeding and improper latch on.