bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ETF ownership and corporate cash holdings
Authors: El Kalak Izidin , Tosun Onur K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDo exchange‐traded funds (ETFs) influence corporate cash holding decisions? Consistent with reduced managerial learning from the stock market and increased uncertainty due to higher ETF ownership, we show that firms included in ETF baskets have higher cash holdings as a precautionary response. We address endogeneity concerns through different natural experiments, namely, the reconstitution of the Russell 1000/2000 index and BlackRock's acquisition of iShares. We identify changes in revenue, external financing, share repurchases and net working capital as potential channels through which cash holdings increase due to higher ETF ownership, with cash holdings increases having a positive impact on firm value.
Relationship between social exclusion and anxiety in older people during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Aslan Gülpınar , Kant Elif 
Published: January 2022

AimThis study aims to determine the relationship between social exclusion and anxiety in older people during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis descriptive research was conducted with individuals aged ≥65 years who were registered with Family Health Centers between July and September 2021. The sample size was calculated using a sampling method with an unknown population and was determined as 400 individuals; a random sampling method was utilized for selecting the participants. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Social Exclusion Scale in the Elderly and the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory.ResultsSocial exclusion level was found to be significantly higher in those who were illiterate who were single/widowed, who lived in rural areas, who reportedly had a low income, who had a chronic disease, who used an assistive device and who perceived their health as bad (P < 0.05). The geriatric anxiety level was found to be significantly higher in those who had an education level of university and above, who were married, who lived with their spouse and children, who worked, who had a good income, who lived in urban areas, who did not use an assistive device, who were dependent in their daily activities, who did not have a chronic disease, who perceived their health condition as good, and who did exercises regularly (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study found a negative and significant relationship between the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory and the Social Exclusion Scale. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 240–245.
‘A tragic destiny overtook him’1: Misunderstanding the Introduction to Schleiermacher's The Christian Faith and his Letters to Lücke
Authors: Pedersen Daniel J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this article I address some important related criticisms of the Introduction to Schleiermacher's The Christian Faith and his Letters to Lücke which have persisted from Schleiermacher's day to the present: namely, the supposed a priori determination of dogmatic content by the Introduction, the role of philosophy in Christian dogmatics, and Schleiermacher's call for an ‘eternal covenant’ between theology and science. I use examples to illustrate a single overall point: that the Introduction to The Christian Faith and the Letters to Lücke can only be adequately understood in light of the concrete dogmatic claims found in the body of The Christian Faith.
Impact of Gleason pattern 5 on prognosis for newly diagnosed metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer with Gleason score ≥8
Authors: Morozumi Kento , Mitsuzuka Koji , Narita Shintaro , Takahashi Masahiro , Kawamura Sadafumi , Tochigi Tatsuo , Arai Yoichi , Hoshi Senji , Shimoda Jiro , Ishidoya Shigeto , Okamoto Teppei , Hatakeyama Shingo , Sakurai Toshihiko , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Ohyama Chikara , Habuchi Tomonori , Ito Akihiro 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveWe evaluated the impact of Gleason pattern 5 presence on prognosis among de novo metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients with a Gleason score ≥8.MethodsThe data of 559 patients diagnosed as metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer with a Gleason score ≥8, who were initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy from 2008 to 2016, were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups as high and low volume based on the CHAARTED trial criteria.ResultsThe median overall survival of the 559 metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients with Gleason score ≥8 was 70 months, with a median follow‐up period of 36 months. Gleason pattern 5 was confirmed in 341 patients (61.0%), in which primary Gleason pattern 5 was confirmed in 164 patients (29.3%). The number of patients with high metastatic volume group was 363 (64.9%). In total and high metastatic volume groups, hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase were significant factors for predicting overall survival, but both Gleason pattern 5 and primary Gleason pattern 5 did not show a statistically significant difference. In the low‐volume metastatic group, the median overall survival in patients with or without primary Gleason pattern 5 was 40 and 78 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, only primary Gleason pattern 5 was an independent predictive factor for overall survival in the low‐volume metastatic group (hazard ratio 2.76, 95% confidence interval 1.88–8.67; P = 0.0026).ConclusionThe presence of Gleason pattern 5 was not associated with overall survival in metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer with a Gleason score ≥8. In low‐metastatic volume metastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer, primary Gleason pattern 5 was a poor prognostic factor, which might show a separate treatment option for this group.
Multiscale SiCnw and carbon fiber reinforced SiOC ceramic with enhanced mechanical and microwave absorption properties
Authors: Qian Junjie , Du Bin , He Chao , Cai Mei , Zhong Xinrong , Xiong Hao , Zeng Shenghui , Shui Anze 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe hierarchical SiOC/SiCnws/CF composites (A/B/C structure) were designed via precursor infiltration and pyrolysis process. The SiOC ceramics served as the wave‐transparent characteristic materials to adjust the impedance matching. Herein, the in situ growth of SiCnws not only was used for the absorber but served as the reinforcement of SiOC matrix composites. In detail, the SiOC/SiCnws/CF‐1200°C‐2 exhibits excellent electromagnetic absorption performance with minimum reflection loss of −46 dB at 14.4 GHz with the thickness of 1.6 mm, and its effective absorption band reaches 4.3 GHz. Its compressive strength reaches 8.69 and 16.41 MPa in z and x/y directions, separately. This contribution has a guidance for the application of carbon fiber/ceramics matrix composites in harsh environment.
Phase formation between La(Sr)Ga(Mg)O3 and Ce(La)O2 for solid oxide fuel cell applications
Authors: Kumar Samayendra , Chakraborty Abhilash , Kobi Sushobhan , Gopalan P. , Prasanna T. R. S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn strontium‐ and magnesium‐doped LaGaO3 (LSGM) electrolyte‐based solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), lanthanum‐doped CeO2 (LDC) is usually used as buffer layer material to prevent reactions between LSGM electrolyte and NiO‐based anode. In literature, based on results for one particular LSGM composition, a fixed buffer layer composition of 40% La‐doped ceria (LDC40) has been used even with electrolytes of different LSGM compositions. In this study, we report the results of a comprehensive study of phase formations between various LSGM and LDC compositions. Our results show that only one LSGM/LDC combination results in no additional phases. For the other combinations, at least one and often two additional phases, LaSrGaO4 and LaSrGa3O7, result. Because LaSrGa3O7 has much lower conductivity, it is necessary to select combinations that avoid this phase. We propose that the combination that results in no additional phase should be considered favorably for SOFCs. For other LSGM compositions, LDC50 should be used as a buffer layer instead of LDC40 as is presently done in SOFC studies. Alternately, if LDC40 is preferred for buffer layer, then lower Sr content LSGM compositions should be used as electrolytes. These combinations are likely to lead to better long‐term SOFC performance.
Mechanical and thermal shock properties of Cf/SiBCN composite: Effect of sintering densification and fiber coating
Authors: Niu Zi‐bo , Wang BingZu , Pan Lijun , Li Daxin , Jia Dechang , Yang Zhihua , Peng Hao , Ye Shuqun , Zhou Yu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, resin‐derived carbon coating was prepared on carbon fibers by polymer impregnation pyrolysis method, then silicoboron carbonitride powder was prepared by mechanical alloying, and finally carbon fiber‐reinforced silicoboron carbonitride composites were prepared by hot‐pressing process. The effects of sintering densification and fiber coating on microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal shock resistance, and failure mechanisms of the composites were studied. Fiber bridging hinders the sintering densification, causing more defects in fiber‐dense area and lower strength. However, higher sintering temperature (1800–2000°C) can improve mechanical properties significantly, including bending strength, vickers hardness, and elastic module, because further sintering densification enhances matrix strength and fiber/matrix bonding strength, while the change of fracture toughness is not obvious (2.24–2.38 MPa·m1/2) due to counteraction of higher debonding resistance and less pull‐out length. However, fiber coating improves fracture toughness greatly via protecting carbon fibers from chemical corrosion and damage of thermal stress and external stress. Due to lower coefficient of thermal expansion, lower fiber loading ratio, less stress concentration at the fiber/matrix interface, and better defect healing effect, lower sintering temperature favors thermal shock resistance of composites, and thermal shock recession mechanisms are the damage of interface.
Value of artificial intelligence with novel tumor tracking technology in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors by contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: Tanaka Hidekazu , Kamata Ken , Ishihara Rika , Handa Hisashi , Otsuka Yasuo , Yoshida Akihiro , Yoshikawa Tomoe , Ishikawa Rei , Okamoto Ayana , Yamazaki Tomohiro , Nakai Atsushi , Omoto Shunsuke , Minaga Kosuke , Yamao Kentaro , Takenaka Mamoru , Watanabe Tomohiro , Nishida Naoshi , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackground and AimContrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH‐EUS) is useful for the diagnosis of lesions inside and outside the digestive tract. This study evaluated the value of artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of gastric submucosal tumors by CH‐EUS.MethodsThis retrospective study included 53 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and leiomyomas, all of whom underwent CH‐EUS between June 2015 and February 2020. A novel technology, SiamMask, was used to track and trim the lesions in CH‐EUS videos. CH‐EUS was evaluated by AI using deep learning involving a residual neural network and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation. The diagnostic accuracy of AI in discriminating between GISTs and leiomyomas was assessed and compared with that of blind reading by two expert endosonographers.ResultsOf the 53 patients, 42 had GISTs and 11 had leiomyomas. Mean tumor size was 26.4 mm. The consistency rate of the segment range of the tumor image extracted by SiamMask and marked by the endosonographer was 96% with a Dice coefficient. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of AI in diagnosing GIST were 90.5%, 90.9%, and 90.6%, respectively, whereas those of blind reading were 90.5%, 81.8%, and 88.7%, respectively (P = 0.683). The κ coefficient between the two reviewers was 0.713.ConclusionsThe diagnostic ability of CH‐EUS results evaluated by AI to distinguish between GISTs and leiomyomas was comparable with that of blind reading by expert endosonographers.
Post‐Covid‐19‐vaccination adverse events and healthcare utilization among individuals with or without previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Lai Francisco Tsz Tsun , Huang Lei , Peng Kuan , Li Xue , Chui Celine Sze Ling , Wan Eric Yuk Fai , Wong Carlos King Ho , Chan Esther Wai Yin , Hung Ivan Fan Ngai , Wong Ian Chi Kei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPost‐marketing pharmacovigilance data are scant on the safety of Covid‐19 vaccines among people with previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection compared with ordinary vaccine recipients. We compared the post‐vaccination adverse events of special interests (AESI), accident and emergency room (A&E) visit, and hospitalization between these two groups.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using a territory‐wide public healthcare database with population‐based vaccination records in Hong Kong.ResultsIn total, 3922 vaccine recipients with previous SARS‑CoV‑2 infection and 1,137,583 vaccine recipients without previous SARS‑CoV‑2 infection were included. No significant association was observed between previous SARS‑CoV‑2 infection and AESI or hospitalization. Previous SARS‑CoV‑2 infection was significantly associated with a lower risk of A&E visit (CoronaVac: hazard ratios [HR] = 0.56, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.32–0.99; Comirnaty: HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.47–0.82).ConclusionNo safety signal of Covid‐19 vaccination was detected from the comparison between vaccine recipients with previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and those without infection.
Public expenditure allocation, lobbying, and growth
Authors: Radhakrishnan Ravi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractI develop a two sector model of growth where the final good in each sector is produced using labor and a publicly provided private input (public input). The public input is funded by a proportional tax on the consumption of the two final goods. In the benchmark case, the government allocates the public input between the two sectors to maximize consumer welfare. I contrast the benchmark case to one where the public input allocation is determined via lobbying by firms in the two sectors. In this set up, I first show that allocation of the public input is determined by the relative lobbying power of the firms in the two sectors. Further, lobbying can generate the welfare maximizing allocation only under a very specific set of conditions and, if those set of conditions are not met, then an initial misallocation of the public input gets magnified over time.
Photo‐identification confirms polyandry in loggerhead sea turtles
Authors: Papafitsoros Kostas , Dimitriadis Charalampos , Mazaris Antonios D. , Schofield Gail 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile polyandry in sea turtles is indicated through multiple‐paternity analyses of offspring, confirmed observations of the same female mating with multiple males are extremely challenging to obtain. To contribute to this discussion, we analysed a long‐term photo‐identification database (>20 years) of adult male and female loggerhead sea turtles frequenting the breeding area of Zakynthos, Greece, Mediterranean. A total of 38 records of mating individuals within and across seasons were assimilated via field surveys and citizen science records between 2003 and 2020. For one female, we recorded it mating with two different males within a 5.5‐h interval on the same day in 2015. This observation constitutes the first direct evidence of polyandry in sea turtles, in addition to highlighting the potential for photo‐identification to contribute information on less well‐known aspects of sea turtle biology, such as validating outputs of genetic studies.
A graph convolution network‐deep reinforcement learning model for resilient water distribution network repair decisions
Authors: Fan Xudong , Zhang Xijin , Yu Xiong (Bill) 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWater distribution networks (WDNs) are critical infrastructure for communities. The dramatic expansion of the WDNs associated with urbanization makes them more vulnerable to high‐consequence hazards such as earthquakes, which requires strategies to ensure their resilience. The resilience of a WDN is related to its ability to recover its service after disastrous events. Sound decisions on the repair sequence play a crucial role to ensure a resilient WDN recovery. This paper introduces the development of a graph convolutional neural network‐integrated deep reinforcement learning (GCN‐DRL) model to support optimal repair decisions to improve WDN resilience after earthquakes. A WDN resilience evaluation framework is first developed, which integrates the dynamic evolution of WDN performance indicators during the post‐earthquake recovery process. The WDN performance indicator considers the relative importance of the service nodes and the extent of post‐earthquake water needs that are satisfied. In this GCN‐DRL model framework, the GCN encodes the information of the WDN. The topology and performance of service nodes (i.e., the degree of water that needs satisfaction) are inputs to the GCN; the outputs of GCN are the reward values (Q‐values) corresponding to each repair action, which are fed into the DRL process to select the optimal repair sequence from a large action space to achieve highest system resilience. The GCN‐DRL model is demonstrated on a testbed WDN subjected to three earthquake damage scenarios. The performance of the repair decisions by the GCN‐DRL model is compared with those by four conventional decision methods. The results show that the recovery sequence by the GCN‐DRL model achieved the highest system resilience index values and the fastest recovery of system performance. Besides, by using transfer learning based on a pre‐trained model, the GCN‐DRL model achieved high computational efficiency in determining the optimal repair sequences under new damage scenarios. This novel GCN‐DRL model features robustness and universality to support optimal repair decisions to ensure resilient WDN recovery from earthquake damages.
Association between vegetarian and vegan diets and depression: A systematic review
Authors: Jain Rishika , Larsuphrom Phureephat , Degremont Alexia , Latunde‐Dada Gladys Oluyemisi , Philippou Elena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that vegetarian and vegan diets may increase the risk and symptoms of depression, a mental health condition affecting 350 million people globally. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the associations between vegetarian and/or vegan diets and the risk or symptoms of depression using evidence from both observational and intervention studies. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with pre‐specification of all methods. A systematic search for relevant papers was performed on Medline and Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library for cohort, case‐control, cross‐sectional studies or randomised controlled trials examining associations between a vegetarian or vegan diet and depression in adults. Three independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health for Quality Assessment of Observational Cohort and Cross‐Sectional Studies and Controlled Studies. Evidence was tabulated according to the type of diet analysed as vegetarian, vegan or both and narratively synthesised. A total of 23 studies (18 cross‐sectional, three prospective cohort and two randomised controlled trials) with 25 study outcomes were eligible for inclusion in this review. Conflicting evidence was found on the association between vegetarian or vegan diets and depression. Eleven (44%) of the outcomes indicated that vegetarian and vegan diets were associated with higher rates of depression, while seven (28%) outcomes revealed beneficial effects of the diets on depression. Seven (28%) outcomes found no association between vegetarian and vegan diets and depression, although two of these studies found a higher risk of depression in some groups. The quality of evidence was rated as good for four of the studies with the remaining 19 studies rated as fair. The evidence on the effect of vegetarian and vegan diets on depression is contradictory, possibly due to the heterogeneity of the studies analysed. Further research, including longitudinal and intervention studies, is required to resolve this observation.
Effects of phosphate binders on bone biomarkers and bone density in haemodialysis patients
Authors: Udomkarnjananun Suwasin , Phannajit Jeerath , Takkavatakarn Kullaya , Tumkosit Monravee , Kingpetch Kanaungnit , Avihingsanon Yingyos , Praditpornsilpa Kearkiat , Eiam‐Ong Somchai , Susantitaphong Paweena 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThe incidences of osteoporosis, fracture and vascular calcification increase concordantly with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD‐mineral bone disease (CKD‐MBD) induced by hyperphosphatemia is a major pathophysiologic mechanism. The effects of phosphate binders on bone turnover biomarkers and bone mineral density (BMD) in haemodialysis patients are still inconclusive. Our aim is to demonstrate the effects of these phosphate binders on different aspects of CKD‐MBD.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort of 65 haemodialysis patients to investigate the effect of 12‐month monotherapy of phosphate binders composing calcium‐based phosphate binders (CPB) or non‐calcium‐based phosphate binders (NCPB), including sevelamer and lanthanum, on bone turnover biomarkers and BMD changes. The performance of bone turnover biomarkers to predict low BMD was attentively determined.ResultsWhen compared with CPB, NCPB use was associated with higher levels of bone turnover biomarkers. NCPB was also associated with lower BMD at lumbar and distal radius. Total procollagen type 1N‐terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b) provided the best performance for diagnosing low BMD in haemodialysis patients.ConclusionSwitching from CPB to NCPB might increase bone biomarkers and prevent the development of adynamic bone disease. On the contrary, NCPB should be cautiously used in haemodialysis patients who already had low BMD. P1NP, BALP and TRAP5b could be used to guide the appropriate management, including anti‐resorptive and anabolic medications, and predict low BMD in haemodialysis patients treated with phosphate binders.
BBX16 mediates the repression of seedling photomorphogenesis downstream of the GUN1/GLK1 module during retrograde signalling
Authors: Veciana Nil , Martín Guiomar , Leivar Pablo , Monte Elena 
Published: January 2022

Summary

Plastid‐to‐nucleus retrograde signalling (RS) initiated by dysfunctional chloroplasts impact photomorphogenic development. We have previously shown that the transcription factor GLK1 acts downstream of the RS regulator GUN1 in photodamaging conditions to regulate not only the well established expression of photosynthesis‐associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) but also to regulate seedling morphogenesis. Specifically, the GUN1/GLK1 module inhibits the light‐induced phytochrome‐interacting factor (PIF)‐repressed transcriptional network to suppress cotyledon development when chloroplast integrity is compromised, modulating the area exposed to potentially damaging high light. However, how the GUN1/GLK1 module inhibits photomorphogenesis upon chloroplast damage remained undefined.

Here, we report the identification of BBX16 as a novel direct target of GLK1. BBX16 is induced and promotes photomorphogenesis in moderate light and is repressed via GUN1/GLK1 after chloroplast damage. Additionally, we showed that BBX16 represents a regulatory branching point downstream of GUN1/GLK1 in the regulation of PhANG expression and seedling development upon RS activation.

The gun1 phenotype in lincomycin and the gun1‐like phenotype of GLK1OX are markedly suppressed in gun1bbx16 and GLK1OXbbx16.

This study identified BBX16 as the first member of the BBX family involved in RS, and defines a molecular bifurcation mechanism operated by GLK1/BBX16 to optimise seedling de‐etiolation, and to ensure photoprotection in unfavourable light conditions.