bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large socioeconomic gap in period life expectancy and life years spent with complications of diabetes in the Scottish population with type 1 diabetes, 2013–2018
Authors: Höhn Andreas , McGurnaghan Stuart J. , Caparrotta Thomas M. , Jeyam Anita , O’Reilly Joseph E. , Blackbourn Luke A. K. , Hatam Sara , Dudel Christian , Seaman Rosie J. , Mellor Joseph , Sattar Naveed , McCrimmon Rory J. , Kennon Brian , Petrie John R. , Wild Sarah , McKeigue Paul M. , Colhoun Helen M. ,   on behalf of the SDRN-Epi Group
Published: August 2022

Background
We report the first study to estimate the socioeconomic gap in period life expectancy (LE) and life years spent with and without complications in a national cohort of individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used linked healthcare records from SCI-Diabetes, the population-based diabetes register of Scotland. We studied all individuals aged 50 and older with a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes who were alive and residing in Scotland on 1 January 2013 (N = 8591). We used the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) 2016 as an area-based measure of socioeconomic deprivation. For each individual, we constructed a history of transitions by capturing whether individuals developed retinopathy/maculopathy, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetic foot, or died throughout the study period, which lasted until 31 December 2018. Using parametric multistate survival models, we estimated total and state-specific LE at an attained age of 50.

Results
At age 50, remaining LE was 22.2 years (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 21.6 − 22.8) for males and 25.1 years (95% CI: 24.4 − 25.9) for females. Remaining LE at age 50 was around 8 years lower among the most deprived SIMD quintile when compared with the least deprived SIMD quintile: 18.7 years (95% CI: 17.5 − 19.9) vs. 26.3 years (95% CI: 24.5 − 28.1) among males, and 21.2 years (95% CI: 19.7 − 22.7) vs. 29.3 years (95% CI: 27.5 − 31.1) among females. The gap in life years spent without complications was around 5 years between the most and the least deprived SIMD quintile: 4.9 years (95% CI: 3.6 − 6.1) vs. 9.3 years (95% CI: 7.5 − 11.1) among males, and 5.3 years (95% CI: 3.7 − 6.9) vs. 10.3 years (95% CI: 8.3 − 12.3) among females. SIMD differences in transition rates decreased marginally when controlling for time-updated information on risk factors such as HbA1c, blood pressure, BMI, or smoking.

Conclusions
In addition to societal interventions, tailored support to reduce the impact of diabetes is needed for individuals from low socioeconomic backgrounds, including access to innovations in management of diabetes and the prevention of complications.
Influenza vaccination of school teachers: A scoping review and an impact estimation
Authors: Huiberts Anne , van Cleef Brigitte , Tjon-A-Tsien Aimée , Dijkstra Frederika , Schreuder Imke , Fanoy Ewout , van Gageldonk Arianne , van der Hoek Wim , van Asten Liselotte 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Influenza vaccination, besides protecting traditional risk groups, can protect employees and reduce illness-related absence, which is especially relevant in sectors with staff shortages. This study describes current knowledge of influenza vaccination in teachers and estimates its potential impact.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review of the considerations for and impact of influenza vaccination of schoolteachers (grey and scientific literature up to 2020 March, complemented with interviews). We then estimated the potential impact of teacher vaccination in the Netherlands, with different scenarios of vaccine uptake for 3 influenza seasons (2016–2019). Using published data on multiple input parameters, we calculated potentially averted absenteeism notifications, averted absenteeism duration and averted doctor visits for influenza.

Results
Only one scientific paper reported on impact; it showed lower absenteeism in vaccinated teachers, whereas more knowledge of vaccination impact was deemed crucial by 50% of interviewed experts. The impact for the Netherlands of a hypothetical 50% vaccine uptake was subsequently estimated: 74–293 potentially averted physician visits and 11,178–28,896 potentially averted days of influenza absenteeism (on ≈200,000 total teacher population). An estimated 12–32 vaccinations were required to prevent one teacher sick-leave notification, or 3.5–9.1 vaccinations to prevent one day of teacher absenteeism (2016–2019).

Conclusion
Scientific publications on influenza vaccination in teachers are few, while public interest has increased to reduce teacher shortages. However, school boards and public health experts indicate requiring knowledge of impact when considering this vaccination. Estimations of 3.5–9.1 vaccinated teachers preventing one day of influenza-related sick leave suggest a possible substantial vaccination impact on absenteeism. Financial incentives, more accessible on-site vaccinations at workplaces, or both, are expected to increase uptake, but more research is needed on teachers’ views and vaccine uptake potential and its cost-effectiveness. Piloting free on-site influenza vaccination in several schools could provide further information on teacher participation.
Can we speak of a negative psychological tetrad in sports? A probabilistic Bayesian study on competitive sailing
Authors: García-Mas Alejandro , Martins Bruno , Núñez Antonio , Ponseti Francisco J. , Trigueros Rubén , Alias Antonio , Caraballo Israel , Aguilar-Parra José M. 
Published: August 2022

Introduction
Researchers display an interest in studying aspects like the mental health of high-performance athletes; the dark side of sport, or the earliest attempts to study the so-called dark triad of personality in both initiation and high-performance athletes. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to determine the possible existence and magnitude of negative psychological aspects within a population of competition sailors and from a probabilistic point of view, using Bayesian Network analysis.

Methods
The study was carried out on 235 semi-professional sailors of the 49er Class, aged between 16 and 52 years (M = 24.66; SD = 8.03).

Results
The results show the existence of a Negative Tetrad—formed by achievement burnout, anxiety due to concentration disruption, amotivation and importance given to error—as a probabilistic product of the psychological variables studied: motivation, anxiety, burnout and fear of error.

Conclusion
These results, supported by Bayesian networks, show holistically the influence of the social context on the psychological and emotional well-being of the athlete during competition at sea.
The time to initiate trophic feeding and its predictors among preterm neonate admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, Multicenter study, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Daniel Adimasu , Tafere Yilikal , Eshete Tewodros , Abebaw Ermias , Adimasu Mekonen , Endalew Bekalu 
Published: August 2022

Background
Trophic feeding is a small volume, hypo-caloric feeding, gut priming or minimal enteral feeding acclimate the immature gut of enteral fasting preterm neonates. Delayed starting of trophic feeding had resulted in short and long-term physical and neurological sequels. The current study aimed to estimate the time to initiate trophic feeding and its predictors among preterm neonates admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit of Debre Markos, Felege Hiwot, and Tibebe Ghion comprehensive specialized hospitals.

Methods
An institutional-based prospective follow-up study was conducted among 210 neonates. The data were collected with interview and chart review, entered into Epi data 3.1 and exported to Stata 14.1 for analysis. Multivariable Cox regression models were fitted to identify predictors of time to initiate trophic feeding.

Result
A total of 210 neonates were followed for 10136 person-hours of risk time and 191 (90.95%) of neonates were started trophic feeding. The overall incidence of starting trophic feeding was 2 per 100 (95% CI: 2, 2.2) person-hours observations. The median survival time was 42 hours (95% CI: 36, 48). APGAR- score at first minute <7 (AHR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.82), gestational age of <34 weeks (AHR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.5, 0.94), presence of respiratory distress syndrome (AHR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.68), presence of hemodynamic instability (AHR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.24, 0.57), presence of perinatal asphyxia (AHR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44, 0.89), cesarean section delivery (AHR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.44, 89) and being delivered within the study hospitals (AHR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.74) were found to be statistically significant predictors of time to initiate trophic feeding.

Conclusion
There was a significant delay to initiate trophic feeding in the studied hospitals. Gestational age of below 34 weeks, APGAR-score of less than seven, out-born delivery, cesarean delivery, presence of respiratory distress syndrome; perinatal asphyxia, and hemodynamic instability were predictors of delay in starting of trophic feeding. Standardized feeding guideline has to be implemented to overcome delays in enteral feeding initiation.
Influence of transurethral enucleation with bipolar of the prostate on erectile function: Prospective analysis of 51 patients at 12-month follow-up
Authors: Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Arai Hiroki , Honda Masahito 
Published: August 2022

Background
Transurethral enucleation with bipolar (TUEB) is a safe and effective surgery for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). However, few data exist concerning the influence of TUEB on erectile function (EF) in patients with BPO.

Objective
To evaluate the influence of TUEB on EF in patients with BPO at 3- and 12-month follow-up.

Material and methods
We prospectively enrolled 51 patients who underwent TUEB from June 2016 to April 2020. We evaluated maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine (PVR), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) preoperatively and at 3- and 12-month follow-up. We classified the patients according to their preoperative IIEF-5 score into group 1 (IIEF-5 ≥10; n = 24) and group 2 (IIEF-5 <10; n = 27), and for further evaluation of EF, into subgroups a: severe (IIEF-5 5–7), b: moderate (8–11), c: mild to moderate (12–16), d: mild (17–21), and e: no erectile dysfunction (22–25). Data are displayed as median or median (interquartile range).

Results
The study comprised 51 patients with a median age of 75 (70.5–79.5) years. Median prostate and transition zone volumes were 69.5 (46.5–78.8) mL and 30.5 (19–43) mL, respectively. Urinary function improved significantly when comparing respective preoperative, 3-month, and 12-month follow-up values: Qmax (7.6, 12.9, 15.2 mL/s), PVR (50, 0, 0 mL), IPSS (20.5, 9, 6), and QoL (5, 2, 2), respectively. There was no significant change in IIEF-5 score across the three time points: 9, 7, 8. The IIEF-5 score slightly but significantly increased between the preoperative and 12-month follow-up values in group 2 (5, 5, 6) and subgroup a (5, 5, 5).

Conclusion
TUEB was effective and safe surgery for patients with BPO and showed no significant influence on EF at 12-month follow-up after TUEB in patients with BPO.
Value of 3D printing technology combined with indocyanine green fluorescent navigation in complex laparoscopic hepatectomy
Authors: Cheng Jian , Wang Zhifei , Liu Jie , Dou Changwei , Yao Weifeng , Zhang Chengwu 
Published: August 2022

Background
Laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) has achieved rapid progress over the last decade. However, it is still challenging to apply laparoscopy to lesions located in segments I, VII, VIII, and IVa and the hepatic hilar region due to difficulty operating around complex anatomical structures. In this study, we applied three-dimensional printing (3DP) and indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging technology to complex laparoscopic hepatectomy (CLH) to explore the effects and value of the modified procedure.

Materials and methods
From January 2019 to January 2021, 54 patients with complex hepatobiliary diseases underwent LH at our center. Clinical data were collected from these patients and retrospectively analyzed.

Results
A total of 30 patients underwent CLH using the conventional approach, whereas 24 cases received CLH with 3DP technology and ICG fluorescent navigation. Preoperative data were compared between the two groups. In the 3DP group, we modified the surgical strategy of four patients (4/24, 16.7%) due to real-time intraoperative navigation with 3DP and ICG fluorescent imaging technology. We did not modify the surgical strategy for any patient in the non-3DP group (P = 0.02). There were no significant differences between the non-3DP and 3DP groups regarding operating time (297.7±104.1 min vs. 328.8±110.9 min, P = 0.15), estimated blood loss (400±263.8 ml vs. 345.8±356.1 ml, P = 0.52), rate of conversion to laparotomy (3/30 vs. 2/24, P = 0.79), or pathological outcomes including the incidence of microscopical R0 margins (28/30 vs. 24/24, P = 0.57). Additionally, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications or recovery conditions between the two groups. No instances of 30- or 90-day mortality were observed.

Conclusion
The optimal surgical strategy for CLH can be chosen with the help of 3DP technology and ICG fluorescent navigation. This modified procedure is both safe and effective, but without improvement of intraoperative and short-term outcomes.
Longitudinal change in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in 3-to 16-year-old children: The Augsburg Plus study
Authors: Leone Vincenza , Meisinger Christa , Temizel Selin , Kling Elisabeth , Gerstlauer Michael , Frühwald Michael C. , Burkhardt Katrin 
Published: August 2022

Background
Currently, more than 30,200,000 COVID-19 cases have been diagnosed in Germany alone. However, data regarding prevalence of COVID-19 in children, both in Germany and internationally, are sparse. We sought to evaluate the number of infected children by measuring IgG antibodies.

Methods
Oropharyngeal swabs were collected between December 2020 and August 2021 to measure SARS-CoV-2, and capillary blood for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (by rapid test NADAL® and filter paper test Euroimmun® ELISA); venous blood was taken for validation (Roche® ECLIA and recomLine Blot) in 365 German children aged 3–16 years from 30 schools and preschools. We used multiple serological tests because the filter paper test Euroimmun® ELISA performs better in terms of sensitivity and specificity than the rapid test NADAL®. The Roche® ECLIA test is used to detect SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, and the recomLine Blot test is used to rule out the possibility of infection by seasonal SARS-viruses and to test for specific SARS-CoV-2 proteins (NP, RBD and S1). In addition, one parent each (n = 336), and 4–5 teachers/caregivers (n = 90) per institution were tested for IgG antibodies from capillary blood samples. The total study duration was 4 months per child, including the first follow-up after 2 months and the second after 4 months.

Results
Of 364 children tested at baseline, 3.6% (n = 13) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using Euroimmun® ELISA. Seven children reported previously testing positive for SARS-CoV-2; each of these was confirmed by the Roche® Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ECLIA (antibody to spike protein 1) test. SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies persisted over a 4-month period, but levels decreased significantly (p = 0.004) within this timeframe. The median IgG values were 192.0 BAU/ml [127.2; 288.2], 123.6 BAU/ml [76.6; 187.7] and 89.9 BAU/ml [57.4; 144.2] at baseline, 2 months and 4 months after baseline, respectively. During the study period, no child tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by oropharyngeal swab. A total of 4.3% of all parents and 3.7% of teachers/caregivers tested positive for IgG antibodies by Euroimmun® ELISA at baseline.

Conclusion
We noted a rather low seroprevalence in children despite an under-reporting of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Measurement of IgG antibodies derived from capillary blood appears to be a valid tool to detect asymptomatic infections in children. However, no asymptomatic active infection was detected during the study period of 4 months in the whole cohort. Further data on SARS-CoV-2 infections in children are needed, especially in the group of <5-year-olds, as there is currently no licensed vaccine for this age group in Germany. The Robert Koch Institute’s Standing Commission on Vaccination (STIKO) recommended COVID-19 vaccination for 12–17 and 5–11 year olds in August 2021 and May 2022 respectively.
Assessment of relationship between retinal perfusion and retina thickness in healthy children and adolescents
Authors: Salari Farhad , Hatami Vahid , Mohebbi Masoumeh , Ghassemi Fariba 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
To determine the correlations between inner, mid, and outer retinal thickness (RT) and allied retinal and choroidal vascular densities (VD) at macula in normal healthy children and adolescents.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included a total of 108 eyes of 59 subjects. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA-Optovue) was used to measure the thickness of the inner-retina (IRT), mid-retina (MRT), and outer-retina (ORT) at foveal (central 1mm), parafoveal (1–3 mm), and perifoveal (3–6 mm) areas, as well as the corresponding VD of the superficial capillary plexus (SVD), deep capillary plexus (DVD), and choricapillaris (CVD).

Results
The study enrolled 108 normal eyes from 54 participants with a mean age of 10.9 years. Partial correlations showed that the nasal and inferior parafoveal and perifoveal subsegments IRT, MRT and ORT are more affected by all SVD, DVD, and CVD. Nasal parafoveal and perifoveal MRT and all three capillary layers have a constant negative correlation. ORT was not affected by all three layers except for CVD at fovea. The regression analysis revealed that SVD and CVD were significantly associated with foveal and parafoveal and perifoveal IRT. DVD and gender could significantly affect perifoveal IRT. However, only CVD was significantly affected foveal MRT. Based on regression analysis, only CVD was significantly associated with foveal and parafoveal ORT, but not with perifoveal ORT.

Conclusion
The thickness of different retinal layers correlates with retinal and choroidal VD in different ways according to their zones.
Efeitos do ato de desregulamentação de 1978 na indústria aeronáutica medidos pelo método da entropia estatística
Authors: Silva de Mattos Bento , Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani José Alexandre , Takachi Tomita Jesuíno 
Published: August 2022

Há muitos artigos e ensaios versando sobre os efeitos da deregulamentação de aviação civil em 1978, mas quase nenhum deles aborda os impactos na indústria aeronáutica e as ondas de imigração que ocorreram devido às passagens aéreas mais baratas. O presente trabalho propõe uma metodologia inovadora, baseada na teoria da entropia estatística, para analisar o impacto da deregulamentação de 1978 no projeto de aronaves de transporte à jato. O banco de dados usado para esta tarefa é composto por 121 aeronaves desde a década de 1950, evidenciando o efeito da deregulação sobre a diversidade de projetos logo após sua entrada em serviço. Além disso, a aplicação da distância euclidiana para o cálculo dos índices de difusão e convergência e seu resultado é analisado neste trabalho. Uma análise especial do setor regional do transporte regular de passageiros também é realizado aqui.
Rapeseed oil-based hippurate amide nanocomposite coating material for anticorrosive and antibacterial applications
Authors: Alam Manawwer , Ahmed Mukhtar , Altaf Mohammad , Husain Fohad Mabood 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Industrial crops and products have proved to be an excellent alternative to petro-based chemicals. Vegetable oils are rich in functional groups that can be transformed into monomers and polymers with applications such as biodiesel, lubricants, inks, coatings, and paints. This study describes the synthesis of rapeseed oil (RO)-based esteramide for the first time. The reaction was carried out by amidation of RO, producing diol fatty amide (N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) RO fatty amide), followed by its esterification reaction with hippuric acid, resulting in RO-based hippurate amide (ROHA). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the introduction of amide and ester moieties in ROHA. ROHA was further reinforced with silver nanoparticles (SNPs) to develop corrosion-protective nanocomposite coatings. ROHA/SNP coatings were scratch-resistant, impact-resistant, and flexible and showed good corrosion resistance performance toward 3.5 w/w% NaCl medium, with adequate corrosion protection efficiency, and antimicrobial behavior against Staphylococcus aureus, Chromobacterium violaceum, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. ROHA/SNP coatings can be safely used up to 250°C.
A combinatorial proof of the Gaussian product inequality beyond the MTP2 case
Authors: Genest Christian , Ouimet Frédéric 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A combinatorial proof of the Gaussian product inequality (GPI) is given under the assumption that each component of a centered Gaussian random vector

X
=

(

X

1

,

…

,

X

d

)

{\boldsymbol{X}}=\left({X}_{1},\ldots ,{X}_{d})

of arbitrary length can be written as a linear combination, with coefficients of identical sign, of the components of a standard Gaussian random vector. This condition on

X

{\boldsymbol{X}}

is shown to be strictly weaker than the assumption that the density of the random vector

(

∣

X

1

∣
,

…

,
∣

X

d

∣

)

\left(| {X}_{1}| ,\ldots ,| {X}_{d}| )

is multivariate totally positive of order 2, abbreviated

MTP

2

{\text{MTP}}_{2}

, for which the GPI is already known to hold. Under this condition, the paper highlights a new link between the GPI and the monotonicity of a certain ratio of gamma functions.