bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexisting attractors in floating body dynamics undergoing parametric resonance
Authors: Habib Giuseppe , Giorgi Giuseppe , Davidson Josh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study pertains to analysing the dynamical behaviour of a floating body undergoing parametric resonances. A simple vertical cylinder, representing a classical spar-buoy, is considered, limiting its motion to heave and pitch degrees of freedom. Its geometry and mass distribution are chosen such that a 2:1 ratio of heave to pitch/roll natural frequency makes the spar-buoy prone to parametric resonance. The system is then studied by the shooting method, combined with a pseudo-arclength continuation, and the harmonic balance procedure. Results show that an extensive bistable region exists, where stable parametric resonance coexists with a regular resonance response. The analysis also unveiled the existence of stable quasiperiodic motions existing in correspondence of both pitch and heave resonance. Results are qualitatively validated using a model based on the explicit nonlinear Froude–Krylov force calculation.
Two-body wear of occlusal splint materials from subtractive computer-aided manufacturing and three-dimensional printing
Authors: Schmeiser Felix , Baumert Uwe , Stawarczyk Bogna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate the two-body wear of occlusal splint materials fabricated from subtractive computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) compared to three-dimensional printing (3DP).

Material and methods
Forty-eight substrates (n = 12/material) in the design of a mandibular first molar were fabricated using CAM (CAM-TD, Thermeo, pro3dure medical GmbH, Iserlohn, Germany; CAM-CL, CLEARsplint, Astron Dental Corporation, Lake Zurich, USA) and 3DP (3DP-GI, GR22 flex, pro3dure medical GmbH; 3DP-KY, KeySplint soft, Keystone Industries, Gibbstown, USA). The substrates were subjected to mastication simulation (120,000 cycles, 37 °C, 50 N, 1.3 Hz) opposed to enamel antagonists. The two-body wear was measured through matching of the scanned substrates before and after aging using Gaussian best-fit method. The damage patterns were categorized and evaluated based on microscopic examinations. Data was analyzed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov test followed by 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Pearson correlation was calculated between vertical and volumetric material loss. The failure types were analyzed with Chi2-test and Ciba Geigy table.

Results
No difference in two-body wear results between all materials was found (p = 0.102). Fatigue substrates showed a perforation for CAM and a fracture for 3DP. No abrasion losses on the antagonists were detected.

Conclusions
3DP substrates showed no differences in two-body wear compared to CAM ones but are more likely to show a fracture. None of the tested materials caused an abrasion on human teeth structure.

Clinical relevance
While therapies with occlusal splint materials are rising, 3DP offers a promising alternative to CAM in terms of production accuracy and therapeutic success at reduced costs.
Antibody response to BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in adult patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Pellicano Chiara , Campagna Roberta , Oliva Alessandra , Leodori Giorgia , Miglionico Marzia , Colalillo Amalia , Mezzaroma Ivano , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Turriziani Ombretta , Rosato Edoardo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients are at risk for a severe disease course during SARS-CoV-2 infection either due to comorbidities or immunosuppression. The availability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is crucial for the prevention of this hard-to-treat illness. The aim of this study is to assess the humoral response after mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in SSc patients.

Method
Seropositivity rate and serum IgG levels were evaluated 1 month (t1) and 3 months (t3) after the second dose of vaccine in a cohort of SSc patients and healthy controls (HC). Differences were made with Student’s or Mann–Whitney’s t-test and with the chi-square or Fisher exact test. Logistic regression model including immunosuppressive treatments (corticosteroids, CCS; mycophenolate mofetil, MMF; methotrexate, MTX; rituximab, RTX) was built to assess the predictivity for seropositivity.

Results
The seropositivity rate was similar in 78 SSc patients compared to 35 HC at t1 but lower at t3. SSc patients had lower serum IgG levels than HC at t1 but not at t3. SSc patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy showed both a lower seropositive rate (t1, 90.3% vs 100%; t3, 87.1% vs 97.9%; p < 0.05) and serum IgG levels than untreated patients both at t1 [851 BAU/ml (IQR 294–1950) vs 1930 BAU/ml (IQR 1420–3020); p < 0.001] and t3 [266 BAU/ml (IQR 91.7–597) vs 706 BAU/ml (IQR 455–1330); p < 0.001]. In logistic regression analysis, only MTX was significant [OR 39.912 (95% CI 1.772–898.728); p < 0.05].

Conclusions
SSc patients treated with MTX had a lower serological response to mRNA vaccine, and even low doses of CCS can adversely affect antibody titer and vaccination response.

Key Points• SSc patients are able to produce vaccine-induced antibodies after mRNA vaccination.• In SSc patients, clinical characteristics of disease did not influence seropositivity rate.• In SSc patients, even low doses of CCS can adversely affect antibody titer and vaccination response.• In SSc patients, MTX treatment is mainly associated with reduced seropositivity and lower serum IgG levels.
Assessing the treatment pattern, health care resource utilisation, and economic burden of multiple myeloma in France using the Système National des Données de Santé (SNDS) database: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bessou Antoine , Colin Xavier , De Nascimento Julie , Sopwith Will , Ferrante Shannon , Gorsh Boris , Gutierrez Benjamin , Sansbury Leah , Willson Jenny , Sapra Sandhya , Paka Prani , Wang Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Real-world data on health care resource utilisation (HCRU) and costs for French patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are limited due to the quickly evolving MM treatment landscape. This retrospective, national-level study quantified the MM economic burden in France.

Methods
The study included patients with newly diagnosed MM from the Système National des Données de Santé coverage claims database between 2013 and 2018 who received active treatment within 30 days of diagnosis. HCRU included hospitalisations, drugs, consultations, procedures, tests, devices, transport, and sick leave. Costs were annualized to 2019 prices. Drug treatments, reported by line of therapy (LOT), were algorithmically defined using drug regimen, duration of therapy, and gaps between treatments. Analyses were stratified by stem cell transplantation status and LOT.

Results
Among 6413 eligible patients, 6229 (97.1%) received ≥ 1 identifiable LOT; most received 1 (39.8%) or 2 LOT (27.5%) during follow-up. Average annual hospitalisation was 6.3 episodes/patient/year (median duration: 11.6 days). The average annual cost/patient was €58.3 K. Key cost drivers were treatment (€28.2 K; 39.5% of total HCRU within one year of MM diagnosis) and hospitalisations (€22.2 K; 48.6% of total HCRU costs in first year). Monthly treatment-related costs increased from LOT1 (€2.447 K) and LOT5 + (€7.026 K); only 9% of patients received LOT5 + . At LOT4 + , 37 distinct regimens were identified. Hospitalisation costs were higher in patients with stem cell transplantation than total population, particularly in the first year.

Conclusions
This study showed a high economic burden of MM in France (€72.37 K/patient/year in the first year) and the diversity of regimens used in late-line treatments.
OECD countries’ twin long-run challenge: The impact of aging dynamics and increasing natural disasters on savings ratios
Authors: Xiong Tian , Celebi Kaan , Welfens Paul J. J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere has been a long-standing debate over the development of savings rates in developed economies, and an emphasis has been placed on aging societies and a global savings glut. Meanwhile, with rising global temperatures and more frequent extreme weather events becoming an increasingly visible economic and ecological global challenge, the concern of climate-related risks could indeed be an important issue in monetary and real economic analysis. This study aims to investigate the dual long-term challenge of sustainable economic development. By constructing an enhanced growth model and investigating empirically, using a panel approach which employs data from OECD countries between 1980 and 2020, the question as to the extent to which the savings rate is affected by aging populations and environmental degradation will be addressed in a broad macro perspective. This study explores for the first time the impact of natural disasters on OECD countries and the main findings indicate that aging populations and natural disasters have significant negative impacts on savings rates. Moreover, the analyses using sub-samples suggest a diminishing role of the real long-term interest rate regarding savings behaviour.
Stimulating secondary compound accumulation by elicitation: Is it a realistic tool in medicinal plants in vivo?
Authors: Kandoudi Wafae , Németh-Zámboriné Éva 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStimulating the production of secondary metabolites by elicitation seems to be an accepted tool in several in vitro cultures. In vivo application of chemical elicitation is, however, much less frequently discussed. The paper summarizes the experimental findings on the effects of jasmonic acid, methyl-jasmonate (MeJa) and salicylic acid (SA) treatments on medicinal and aromatic plants. Growth behaviour, yield, stress responses, essential oil (EO) and phenolic compounds are discussed. Exogenous application of MeJa or SA mostly by foliar spraying in concentrations between 10−4 and 4 mM, induced various changes in the plants. In most cases, the elicitation enhanced the volatile accumulation, although the opposite reaction was observed too. Numerous in vivo trials also demonstrated an altered EO composition. Positive effects of treatments on the concentration of phenolic type compounds were described, while in some cases the components exhibited contradictory behavior or no significant changes. Unfortunately, phenolic composition was rarely determined. There is evidence for the dose dependency of the reactions to both elicitors, but systematic studies on this issue are missing. Some results indicate that lower concentrations in replication may be at least as effective as higher ones. Changes in secondary metabolite accumulation may be induced by the elicitors directly or through other physiological processes. The in vivo results should be considered in the complex system of plant ontogenesis, environmental conditions, timing of the treatment, type of the elicitor and concentration. Research results indicate a promising aspect of chemical elicitation in vivo, but further well-designed studies are needed for the individual species.
Efficient and Automated Inversions of Magnetically Sensitive Forbidden Coronal Lines: CLEDB – The Coronal Line Emission DataBase Magnetic Field Inversion Algorithm
Authors: Paraschiv Alin Razvan , Judge Philip Gordon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present CLEDB, a “single-point inversion” algorithm for inferring parameters using $I$
I
, $Q$
Q
, $U$
U
, and $V$
V
Stokes parameters of forbidden magnetic dipole lines formed in the solar corona. We select lines of interest and construct databases of Stokes parameters for combinations of plasma thermal and magnetic configurations. The size and complexity of such databases are drastically reduced by taking advantage of symmetries. Using wavelength-integrated line profiles, each of which might be decomposed beforehand into several line-of-sight components, we search for nearest matches to observed Stokes parameters computed for the elongation corresponding to the observed region. The method is intended to be applied to two or more lines observed simultaneously. The solutions initially yield magnetic orientation, thermal properties, and the spatial position of the emitting plasma in three dimensions. Multiple possible solutions for each observation are returned, including irreducible degeneracies, where usually sets of two solutions are compatible with the two input $I$
I
, $Q$
Q
, $U$
U
, and $V$
V
measurements. In solving for the scattering geometry, this method avoids an additional degeneracy pointed out by Dima and Schad (Astrophys. J.889, 109, 2020). The magnetic field strength is separately derived from the simple ratio of observed to database Stokes $V$
V
data, after the thermal properties and scattering geometry solutions have been determined.
The Early History of Heliospheric Science and the Spacecraft That Made It Possible
Authors: Zank G. P. , Sterken V. , Giacalone J. , Möbius E. , von Steiger R. , Stone E. S. , Krimigis S. M. , Richardson J. D. , Linsky J. , Izmodenov V. , Heber B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOur understanding of the interaction of the large-scale heliosphere with the local interstellar medium (LISM) has undergone a profound change since the very earliest analyses of the problem. In part, the revisions have been a consequence of ever-improving and widening observational results, especially those that identified the entrance of interstellar material and gas into the heliosphere. Accompanying these observations was the identification of the basic underlying physics of how neutral interstellar gas and interstellar charged particles of different energies, up to and including interstellar dust grains, interacted with the temporal flows and electromagnetic fields of the heliosphere. The incorporation of these various basic effects into global models of the interaction, whether focused on neutral interstellar gas and pickup ions, energetic particles such as anomalous and galactic cosmic rays, or magnetic fields and large-scale flows, has profoundly changed our view of how the heliosphere and LISM interact. This article presents a brief history of the conceptual and observation evolution of our understanding of the interaction of the heliosphere with the local interstellar medium, up until approximately 1996.
Patient and Provider Perspectives on a Novel, Low-Threshold HIV PrEP Program for People Who Inject Drugs Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Bazzi Angela R. , Shaw Leah C. , Biello Katie B. , Vahey Seamus , Brody Jennifer K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV outbreaks among people who inject drugs (PWID) and experience homelessness are increasing across the USA. Despite high levels of need, multilevel barriers to accessing antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention persist for this population. The Boston Health Care for the Homeless Program (BHCHP) initiated a low-threshold, outreach-based program to support engagement in PrEP services among PWID experiencing homelessness.

Methods
To inform dissemination efforts, we explored patient and provider perspectives on key program components. From March to December 2020, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with current and former BHCHP PrEP program participants and prescribers, patient navigators, and outreach workers (i.e., providers). Thematic analysis explored perspectives on key program components.

Results
Participants (n = 21) and providers (n = 11) identified the following five key components of BHCHP’s PrEP program that they perceived to be particularly helpful for supporting patient engagement in PrEP services: (1) community-driven PrEP education; (2) low-threshold, accessible programming including same-day PrEP prescribing; (3) tailored prescribing supports (e.g., on-site pharmacy, short-term prescriptions, medication storage); (4) intensive outreach and navigation; and (5) trusting, respectful patient-provider relationships.

Discussion
Findings suggest that more patient-centered services formed the basis of BHCHP’s innovative, successful PrEP program. While contextual challenges including competing public health emergencies and homeless encampment “sweeps” necessitate ongoing programmatic adaptations, lessons from BHCHP’s PrEP program can inform PrEP delivery in a range of community-based settings serving this population, including syringe service programs and shelters.
Different xylogenesis responses to atmospheric water demand contribute to species coexistence in a mixed pine–oak forest
Authors: Pompa-García Marín , Camarero J. Julio , Colangelo Michele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeasonal patterns of wood formation (xylogenesis) remain understudied in mixed pine–oak forests despite their contribution to tree coexistence through temporal niche complementarity. Xylogenesis was assessed in three pine species (Pinus cembroides,Pinus leiophylla,Pinus engelmannii) and one oak (Quercus grisea) coexisting in a semi-arid Mexican forest. The main xylogenesis phases (production of cambium cells, radial enlargement, cell-wall thickening and maturation) were related to climate data considering 5–15-day temporal windows. In pines, cambium activity maximized from mid-March to April as temperature and evaporation increased, whereas cell radial enlargement peaked from April to May and was constrained by high evaporation and low precipitation. Cell-wall thickening peaked from June to July and in August–September as maximum temperature and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) increased. Maturation of earlywood and latewood tracheids occurred in May–June and June–July, enhanced by high minimum temperatures and VPD inP. engelmanniiandP. leiophylla. In oak, cambial onset started in March, constrained by high minimum temperatures, and vessel radial enlargement and radial increment maximized in April as temperatures and evaporation increased, whereas earlywood vessels matured from May to June as VPD increased. Overall, 15-day wet conditions enhanced cell radial enlargement inP.leiophyllaandP. engelmannii, whereas early-summer high 15-day temperature and VPD drove cell-wall thickening inP. cembroides. Warm night conditions and high evaporation rates during spring and summer enhanced growth. An earlier growth peak in oak and a higher responsiveness to spring–summer water demand in pines contributed to their coexistence.
Analysis of the Microstructure Role in the Yield Asymmetry of Extruded Mg-LPSO Alloys Using In Situ Diffraction Experiments
Authors: Garces G. , Medina J. , Perez P. , Stark A. , Lim H. K. , Kim S. , Shell N. , Adeva P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe effect of microstructure and processing parameters on the mechanical behavior of extruded Mg-Y2x-Znx alloys containing different volume fractions of the long-period stacking order (LPSO) phase is evaluated using in situ diffraction experiments. The Mg-LPSO extruded alloys exhibit a microstructure consisting of a mixture of fine dynamically recrystallized α-Mg grains, highly oriented non-recrystallized coarse α-Mg grains with the basal plane parallel to the extrusion direction, and particles of the LPSO phase elongated in the extrusion direction. The volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized α-Mg grain areas tends to increase as the volume fraction of the LPSO phase and the processing stress increase. In situ diffraction experiments have allowed the understanding of the elastic–plastic behavior of non-DRXed and DRXed grains, and their individual contribution to the macroscopic deformation of magnesium alloys containing LPSO phases and, consequently, the reverse tension–compression asymmetry.
A volume-averaged plasma model for heaterless C12A7 electride hollow cathodes
Authors: Gondol Norman , Tajmar Martin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA volume-averaged hollow cathode plasma model is presented that serves as a preliminary design tool for orificed hollow cathodes. The plasma discharge volume is subdivided into two computational domains with separate sub-models that are used to determine the emitter and orifice region plasma parameters. The plasma model is coupled with a lumped node thermal model that uses power inputs from the plasma model to estimate the temperature distribution of the hollow cathode. The model has been implemented for conventional cylindrical emitter geometries and for novel disc-shaped emitters. A lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) hollow cathode has been used to validate the cylindrical model results and shows good agreement with well-known trends of hollow cathodes and published model data, while a calcium aluminate electride (C12A7:e-) hollow cathode developed at Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) served as the basis for the disc configuration. The model results of the disc configuration are presented and discussed to identify trends and optimization potential for hollow cathodes using C12A7:e- emitters. The model results in combination with thermal measurements of the TUD hollow cathode indicate a work function of C12A7:e- in a hollow cathode plasma below 2 eV.
Sex Workers’ Everyday Security in the Netherlands and the Impact of COVID-19
Authors: Cubides Kovacsics María Inés , Santos Wáleri , Siegmann Karin Astrid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare and exacerbates the existing insecurities of sex workers. This paper asks: What are sex workers’ everyday experiences of (in)security? And: How has the COVID-19 pandemic influenced these?

Methods
We engage with these questions through collaborative research based on semi-structured interviews carried out in 2019 and 2020 with sex workers in The Hague, the Netherlands.

Results
Revealing a stark mismatch between the insecurities that sex workers’ experience and the concerns enshrined in regulation, our analysis shows that sex workers’ everyday insecurities involve diverse concerns regarding their occupational safety and health, highlighting that work insecurity is more multi-faceted than sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Widespread employment and income insecurities for sex workers are exacerbated for transwomen and male sex workers. Their legal liminality is enabled not only by the opaque legal status of sex work in the Netherlands, but also by the gendering of official regulation. The COVID-19 pandemic made visible how the sexual and gender norms that informally govern sex workers’ working conditions intersect with hierarchies of citizenship, complicating access to COVID-19 support, particularly for migrant sex workers.

Conclusions
Sex work regulation in the Netherlands leaves workers in a limbo—not without obligations and surveillance, yet, without the full guarantee of their labour rights.

Policy Implications
To effectively address sex workers’ insecurities, a shift in regulation from its current biopolitical focus to a labour approach is necessary. Besides, public policy and civil society actors alike need to address the sex industry’s harmful social regulation through hierarchies of gender, sexuality and race.