bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Searching for entrepreneurship: The perception of the phenomenon
Authors: Andrzejczyk Angelika 
Published: February 2022

In the article, the picture of entrepreneurship, its empirical/conceptual context, discipline diversity and orientation emerging from the bibliography searching process according to relevance in Google Scholar were assessed. Preliminarily, a comparison with other forms of obtaining scientific information about entrepreneurship was made. Some evidence has been found on the directions of the possible influence of this source of knowledge on the perception of the entrepreneurship phenomenon. The popular scientific databases/search engines in terms of entrepreneurship terms retrieval were compared. After selecting Google Scholar, a set of articles about entrepreneurship was analysed. The method of literature analysis and criticism was used. In order to develop interest in entrepreneurship, it is necessary to analyse the publicly available sources of economic knowledge more often in order to prevent possible distortions of the image of phenomena and efficient detection of unfair practices.
The research popularity of entrepreneurship is high, but the limitations faced by readers interested in it may slow down the progress of scientists’ achievements and the creation of a separate field, and may even cause a loop/stagnation disproportionate to the interest in this area of science. It is worth paying attention to the popularization of scientific databases/search engines, and becoming familiarized with the results of the research in this field.
Settlement of Waqf Disputes and its Asset Protection in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mahrus Moh. 
Published: February 2022

Waqf is commonly defined as an endowment made by Muslims to a religious cause. By this definition, waqf is a spiritual practice with a divine aspect for Muslim people. In Indonesia, the implementation of Waqf is regulated in national law and adjacent to a kind of private law. Because waqf is similar to a sort of private law in Indonesia, it is possible for waqf in the future to have a dispute around property rights dissatisfaction. This article determines a determinant factor of waqf disputes in Indonesia, especially East Java. This article is an empirical legal study by looking at phenomena background of the waqf dispute and mapping out a model of waqf dispute resolution overcame by several parties. This article finds that waqf disputes in Indonesia are caused by several determinant factors, such as recognition of ownership of the founder’s family (wāqif), changes in the aims and objectives of waqf assets, and abandonment waqf assets. The result of this study reveals that maṣlalah – as a principle of Islamic law objectives – becomes a consideration in formulating a model of waqf dispute resolution. Efforts to resolve waqf disputes are often taken in two ways: first, legalizing waqf assets through religious courts. Second, the conflicts are usually resolved through either formal or informal mediation processes. Thus, litigation and non-litigation of legal process play an active role in resolving waqf disputes in Indonesia.
Keywords: Waqf, settlement of waqf dispute, maṣlahah, waqf assets in Indonesia.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Pengembangan Karakter Siswa Berbasis Profesionalisme Guru
Authors: Mushthofa Ahmad , Muhammad Amin Khizbullah  , Reza Aditya Ramadhani  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Education is not only focused on the intellectual factors that a person has while studying but also must be integrated with other factors such as attitudes, behavior, and character. With this, the article describes the role of the principal at SMK Cendekia Madiun in developing professional teachers in the educational process who can improve student character. The data collection technique used is interviews. Data processing and analysis techniques through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The role of school principals in improving teacher professionalism at Cendekia Vocational Schools by empowering teachers is manifested in IHT (in House Training) activities, KKG (Teacher Working Group) or MGMP (Subject Teacher Consultations) activities and directing teachers to set good examples, provide guidance, direction, holding character development, extra-curricular and religious activities. As well as creating new activities in the form of planting vegetables and raising catfish which are divided into each class. In addition, SMK Cendekia Madiun holds character development activities that instill the character of students who are honest, disciplined, independent, creative, love the homeland, democratic attitude, hard work, love to read, care for the environment, social care, religious, sense of responsibility, and especially according to the school's vision and mission that can develop students who are skilled, competitive, have faith and fear God Almighty.

Keywords: Principal, Student Character, Teacher Professionalism
Manajemen Keuangan dan Pembiayaan (Tamwil) Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Nur Khomisah Pohan  , Hellen Tiara  
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine financial management and financing (tamwil) in an Islamic perspective. The method used is a library research method, while data collection is carried out by reviewing and exploring several journal articles, books and several other sources of data or information that are considered relevant to this study. The results of this study are that education financing is mainly focused on efforts to spread the benefits of education and the burden that must be borne by the community. The amount of money spent or services offered to students are simply referred to as fees. The allocation of the tax burden in different types of group taxes, as well as the manner in which taxes are sent to schools, are all aspects of financing education. The most important thing in funding education is the amount of money to be spent, where the money should be obtained, and to whom the money should be spent.

Keywords: Financial Management, Financing (Tamwil), Islamic Perspective

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen keuangan dan pembiayaan (tamwil) dalam perspektif Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kajian pustaka (library reseach) sedangkan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menelaah dan mengeksplorasi beberapa artikel jurnal, buku-buku dan beberapa sumber data atau informasi lainnya yang dianggap relevan dengan kajian ini.Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa Pembiayaan pendidikan terutama difokuskan pada upaya penyebaran manfaat pendidikan dan beban yang harus ditanggung masyarakat.Jumlah uang yang dikeluarkan atau layanan yang ditawarkan kepada siswa secara sederhana disebut sebagai biaya. Alokasi beban pajak dalam berbagai jenis pajak kelompok manusia, serta cara mengirimkan pajak ke sekolah, adalah semua aspek pembiayaan pendidikan. Yang paling penting dalam mendanai pendidikan adalah jumlah uang yang harus dikeluarkan, ke mana uang itu harus diperoleh, dan kepada siapa uang itu harus dibelanjakan.

Keywords: Manajemen Keuangan, Pembiayaan (Tamwil), Perspektif Islam
Proses Pembelajaran Berbahasa Arab pada Program BLC (Bilingual School) Kelas VII MTsN Kota Madiun
Authors: Mustofa Zamzam 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap: (1) Implementasi Program BLC (Bilingual School) (2) Kemampuan berbahasa Arab (3) Problematika Pembelajaran pada Program BLC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Data diperoleh dengan teknik dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis Miles Huberman, dengan melakukan analisis selama di lapangan secara terus menerus hingga data jenuh. Pengecekan keabsahan temuan dilakukan dengan uji kredibilitas data dengan menggunakan referensi data (bukti autentik data), perpanjangan pengamatan, ketekunan, triangulasi dan diskusi dengan teman sejawat. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, pembelajaran di kelas BLC mengedepankan bahasa sebagai sarana efektif mencetak generasi yang mahir berbahasa. Para siswa mengunakan bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Arab dalam pembelajaranya. waktu pembelajaran dimulai pukul 06.45 sampai dengan pukul 13.30, dilanjutkan dengan Intensif Belajar sampai pukul 15.30 serta 15 menit sebelum pmbelajaran kegiatan English Day dan Arabic Yaumiyyah. Kedua, Pembelajaran bahasa Arab pada program BLC bertujuan untuk mencetak ulama yang intelek dan mampu berinteraksi dengan bangsa luar dengan keterampilan bahasa yang ia miliki. Kemampuan bahasa pada program BLC dianggap cukup bagus terutama pada kelas VII. Ketiga: Problematika pada program BLC, meliputi : Problem Linguistik, yang meliputi: (1) Kurang mengenali bentuk atau tulisan huruf Arab, (2) kesulitan dalam merangkai atau menyambung huruf Arab, (3) siswa kesulitan dalam imla’ atau menulis Arab dengan dikte dan Problem Non-Linguistik, yang meliputi: (1) siswa (2) latar belakang pendidikan siswa yang heterogen; (3) kurangnya motivasi siswa (4) guru lingkungan (5) madrasah
Hydrocarbon Field (Re-)Development as Markov Decision Process
Authors: Sieberer Martin , Clemens Torsten 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Hydrocarbon field (re-)development requires that a multitude of decisions are made under uncertainty. These decisions include the type and size of surface facilities, location, configuration, and number of wells but also which data to acquire. Both types of decisions, which development to choose and which data to acquire, are strongly coupled. The aim of appraisal is to maximize value while minimizing data acquisition costs. These decisions have to be done under uncertainty owing to the inherent uncertainty of the subsurface but also of other costs and economic parameters. Conventional value of information (VOI) evaluations can be used to determine how much can be spent to acquire data. However, VOI is very challenging to calculate for complex sequences of decisions with various costs and including the risk attitude of the decision-maker.
We are using a partially observable Markov decision process (MDP) to determine the policy for the sequence and type of measurements and decisions to do. A partially observable MDP (POMDP) is characterized by the states (here: description of the system at a certain point in time), actions (here: measurements and development scenario), transition function (probabilities of transitioning from one state to the next), observations (measurements, appraisal activity), and rewards [costs for measurements, expected monetary value (EMV) of development options]. Solving the MDP gives the optimum policy, sequence of the decisions, the probability of maturation (POM) of a project, the EMV, the expected loss, the expected appraisal costs, and the probability of economic success (PES). These key performance indicators can then be used to select in a portfolio of projects the ones generating the highest expected reward for the company. Combining the production forecasts from numerical model ensembles with probabilistic capital and operating expenditures and economic parameters allows for quantitative decision-making under uncertainty.
Emulsification Characteristics and Electrolyte-Optimized Demulsification of Produced Liquid from Polymer Flooding on Alaska North Slope
Authors: Chang Hongli , Zhang Yin , Dandekar Abhijit , Ning Samson , Barnes John , Schulpen Walbert 
Published: February 2022

Summary
The first-ever polymer flooding pilot test is currently implemented in heavy oil reservoirs on Alaska North Slope (ANS). One of the major concerns of field engineers is the impact of polymer on oil/water separation after polymer breakthrough. This paper aims to predict the influence of polymer on emulsification characteristics of produced liquid and seek a cost-effective method to treat the produced liquid from polymer flooding. In this study, emulsions, at moderate and vigorous shearing conditions, were prepared by mechanically mixing 25 vol% of the ANS heavy oil with 75 vol% of the polymer solution. Bottle test method, microscope, and pendant drop technique were utilized to investigate the effect of polymer on emulsification characteristics in terms of separation behavior, drop size distribution (DSD), and interfacial properties [i.e., interfacial tension (IFT) and interfacial dilational rheology], respectively. As for chemical demulsification, the performance and interfacial behavior of four commercial demulsifiers and an inorganic salt, that is, potassium chloride (KCl), was measured using simulated produced liquid. The bottle test results demonstrated that polymer could enhance the emulsion stability, resulting in a slower separation rate, poorer water quality, and greater thickness of the intermediate layer. The pendant drop measurements showed that the IFT and interfacial dilational rheology were independent of polymer concentration. Thus, the stabilization effect of the polymer was mainly attributed to the increased viscosity of the continuous phase and the decreased drop size of the dispersed oil phase. As for the chemical demulsification tests, compound demulsifier E12 + E18 exhibited the best demulsification performance as well as the lowest IFT and interfacial elastic modulus. Nevertheless, a multifold dosage of E12 + E18 was required to demulsify the emulsion under vigorous mixing, leading to a potential increase in the chemical cost. A less expensive electrolyte, KCl, was able to work synergistically with demulsifier E12 + E18 to promote oil/water separation and reduce the demulsifier usage. In this proposed demulsifier formula, the mechanism for the effectiveness of the commercial demulsifier was its destructive effect on the interfacial film, while the effectiveness of KCl was mainly dependent on its viscosity reduction effect on the continuous phase. This study illustrates the intermediate layer elimination, and the water quality is the major challenge for produced liquid from polymer flooding and provides both practical and theoretical guidance in advance for the corresponding demulsification strategy of the produced liquid from the ongoing first-ever polymer flooding pilot on ANS.
Continuing Chronic Care Services During A Pandemic: Results Of A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Sumner Jennifer , Bundele Anjali , Chong Lin Siew , Teng Gim Gee , Kowitlawakul Yanika , Mukhopadhyay Amartya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Patients with chronic disease have seen unprecedented changes to healthcare practice since the emergence of COVID-19. Traditional ‘on-site’ clinics, have had to innovate to continue services. Whether these changes are acceptable to patients and are effective at care continuation are largely unreported. Methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of care provision at a re-structured chronic care clinic and elicited the patient experiences of care and self-management. We conducted a convergent, parallel, mixed-methods study. Adult patients attending a chronic care clinic were included. We extracted data from 4,849 clinic visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, including operational metrics and attendee profile. We also conducted fifteen interviews with patients from the same clinic using a semi-structured interview guide.Results: Re-structuring the service, including the introduction of teleconsultations, home-delivery of prescriptions and use of community-based phlebotomy services, served to maintain continuity in care while adhering to COVID-19 containment measures. Qualitatively, five themes emerged. Patients were able to adjust to healthcare practice changes and adapt their own lifestyles, although poor self-management practices were adopted. While most were apprehensive about attending the clinic, they valued ongoing care access and were reassured by the on-site containment measures. Conclusions: Continuation of routine services is desired by patients and can be achieved through adoption of containment measures, by greater collaboration with community partners and use of technology. Patients adapted to service changes, but poor self-management was evident. To prevent chronic disease relapse, services must strive to innovate rather than suspend services during pandemics.
State/Territorial Older Americans Act Plans on Aging and Inclusion of Malnutrition-Related Conditions and Interventions Impacting Healthy Aging
Authors: Arensberg Mary Beth , Gahche Jaime J. , Dwyer Johanna T. , Mosey Adam , Terzaghi Damon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
to meet the challenges of an aging population and improve public health it is imperative to reduce factors that decrease independence and increase morbidity. Malnutrition (particularly protein-energy undernutrition), sarcopenia, frailty, and obesity all result in disability but are potentially changeable. The purpose of this study was to determine whether state/territorial plans on aging for Older Americans Act (OAA) programs include nutrition-related conditions/interventions that could impact healthy aging.
Methods
OAA aging plans available on the ADvancing States website in February 2021 (n=52) were searched for number of mentions of defined nutrition terms including malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, obesity, and if terms were included in plans’ goals/objectives, strategies/actions or solely in the narrative.
Results
33% of plans mentioned malnutrition; 8% (goals/objectives), 15% (strategies/actions). 62% mentioned frailty; 6% (goals/objectives), 15% (strategies/actions). None mentioned sarcopenia. In contrast 21% mentioned obesity; 2% (goals/objectives), 2% (strategies/actions). Nutrition intervention mentions were nearly nil. There were no significant differences in frequency of term mentions by region or by states with higher % older adults or obese adults. Malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, and obesity adversely affect healthy aging and contribute to disability/poorer health outcomes but are mentioned infrequently in state/territorial plans on aging.
Conclusions
the incorporation of OAA nutrition programming to include addressing malnutrition in 2022 plans can best be realized by clearly specifying definitions of malnutrition-related conditions and incorporating them among the measurable goals/objectives, defined strategies/actions, and outcomes.
Automatic classification of brain magnetic resonance images with hypercolumn deep features and machine learning
Authors: AKYOL KEMAL 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Brain tumours are life-threatening and their early detection is very important in a patient's life. At the present time, magnetic resonance imaging is one of the methods used for detecting brain tumours. Expert decision support systems serve specialist physicians to make more accurate diagnoses by minimizing the errors arising from their subjective opinions in real clinical settings. The model proposed in this study detects important keypoints and then extracts hypercolumn deep features of these keypoints from some convolutional layers of VGG16. Finally, Random Forest and Logistic Regression classifiers are fed with a set of these features. Random Forest classifier offered the best performance with 94.84% accuracy, 95.48% sensitivity, 4.52% false negative rate, 94.19% specificity, and 94.35% precision in 5-fold cross-validation in this study. Consequently, it is thought that the proposed model could contribute to field experts by integrating it into computer-aided brain magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis systems.
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Indian Red Yeast Rice and Its Inhibition of Biofilm in Copper Metal in Cooling Water Environment
Authors: Suganya Muthukumar , Preethi Parameswaran Sujatha , Narenkumar Jayaraman , Prakash Arumugam Arul , Devanesan Sandhanasamy , AlSalhi Mohamad S. , Rajasekar Aruliah , Nanthini Ayyakkannu Usha Raja 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The development of environmentally acceptable benign techniques using purely natural methods is a cost-effective procedure with long-term benefits in all areas. With this consideration, myco synthesized silver nano particles (AgNPs) were studied and it acted as an impending corrosion inhibitor in the environment. Initially, AgNPs was evaluated by physical and surface characterizations and this evidence demonstrated that RYRE's water-soluble molecules played an essential role in the synthesis of AgNPs in nano spherical size. The myco synthesized of AgNPs has showed an antibacterial activity against corrosive bacteria in Cooling Water System (CWS). Hence, the AgNPs were used in biocorrosion studies as an anticorrosive agent along with AgNO3 and RYRE was also checked. For this experiment, the copper (Cu) metal (CW024) which is commonly used was selected, the result of corrosion rate was decreased and inhibition efficiency (82%) was higher in the presence of AgNPs in system IV. Even though, AgNO3 and RYRE had contributed significant inhibition efficiency on Cu at 47% and 61% respectively. According to XRD, the reaction of AgNPs on Cu metal resulted in the formation of a protective coating of Fe2O3 against corrosion. EIS data also indicated that it could reduce the corrosion on the Cu metal surface. All of these findings point out the possibility that the myco synthesized AgNPs were an effective copper metal corrosion inhibitor. As a result, we encourage the development of myco-synthesized AgNPs, which could be useful in the industrial settings.
No-reference image quality assessment with multi-scale weighted residuals and channel attention mechanism
Authors: Wang Changzhong , Lv Xiang , Ding Weiping , Fan Xiaodong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Image is an important information source for human perception and machine pattern recognition. Image quality determines the accuracy and sufficiency of the information obtained. With the rapid development of deep learning in image processing, no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) plays a significant role. Currently, most NR-IQA methods mainly use the global features of images without paying attention to the detail-rich local features and the dependencies between channels. There are subtle differences in detail between distorted and reference images, and the contribution of different channels to image quality assessment differs. Additionally, multi-scale feature extraction can be used to fuse the detailed information of images with different resolutions. The combination of global and local features plays a vital role in extracting image features. Therefore, a multi-scale residual convolutional neural network with an attention mechanism (MsRCANet) is proposed for NR-IQA. First, the network extracts global features and processes local features. Specifically, a multi-scale residual block is used to extract features from distorted images. Then, the residual learning with active weighted mapping strategy and channel attention mechanism is used to further process image features to obtain more abundant high-frequency information. Finally, the fusion strategy and full connection layer are used to evaluate the quality of the proposed network. The experimental results on four synthetic databases and three in-the-wild IQA databases, as well as validation results on cross-database, show that the proposed method has good generalization ability and can be compared with the most advanced methods.