bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of Stimulated Thyroglobulin and Antithyroglobulin Antibody Predicts the Efficacy and Prognosis of 131I Therapy in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Following Total Thyroidectomy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Pan Mengjiao , Li Zhuyao , Jia Meng , Lu Xiubo 
Published: April 2022

Background and PurposeThis study aimed to analyze the diagnostic ability of the combination of stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) and antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) in predicting the efficacy and prognosis of radioactive iodine (131I) therapy (RAIT) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTCs) after total thyroidectomy (TT).MethodsThis retrospective study comprised 409 DTC patients who underwent131I treatment following TT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to August 2020, and they were followed up to November 2021. Patients were divided into the successful ablation and the unsuccessful ablation group based on the classification of the efficacy of RAIT in the 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines. The clinical characteristics and the efficacy of the initial RAIT were evaluated. The cutoffs of preablation sTg, sTg/thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ratio, and sTg×TgAb product were calculated to predict the efficacy of RAIT. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors for unsuccessful ablation. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to estimate the prognostic value of sTg×TgAb product affecting progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsThe cohort consisted of 222 cases in the successful ablation group and 187 cases in the unsuccessful ablation group. Between the two groups, preablation sTg, sTg/TSH ratio, and sTg×TgAb product were significantly higher in the unsuccessful ablation group. The area under the curve (AUC) of the sTg×TgAb product was the highest among the above three factors. The cutoffs for the worse therapeutic effect of the initial RAIT in sTg, sTg/TSH ratio, and sTg×TgAb were &gt;2.99 ng/ml, &gt;0.029 mg/IU, and &gt;34.18, respectively. STg &gt;2.99 ng/ml and sTg×TgAb product &gt;34.18 were independent risk factors for unsuccessful ablation. Patients with sTg×TgAb product &gt;34.18 had shorter PFS than that of patients with sTg×TgAb product ≤34.18. In separate analyses of TgAb-negative and TgAb-positive subgroups, higher sTg×TgAb was both associated with a lower success rate of RAIT and a shorter PFS.ConclusionSTg×TgAb product predicted the efficacy and prognosis of131I therapy for both TgAb-negative and TgAb-positive DTC patients before the initial131I treatment following TT. Thus, it can be used as a clinical reference indicator for the surveillance of DTC patients.
Phthalate Exposure, PPARα Variants, and Neurocognitive Development of Children at Two Years
Authors: Yu Ling , Zhang Hongling , Zheng Tongzhang , Liu Juan , Fang Xingjie , Cao Shuting , Xia Wei , Xu Shunqing , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: April 2022

Background: The PPARα gene may be crucial to the neurotoxic effect of phthalates. However, epidemiological studies considering the neurodevelopmental influence of phthalates interacting with genetic susceptibility are limited. We hypothesized phthalates could interact with the PPARα gene, synergistically affecting neurocognitive development.Methods: A total of 961 mother-infant pairs were involved in this study. The concentrations of phthalate metabolites in maternal urine during pregnancy were detected. Children’s neurocognitive development was estimated with the Bailey Infant Development Inventory (BSID). Genetic variations in PPARα were genotyped with the Illumina Asian Screening Array. We applied generalized linear regression models to estimate genotypes and phthalate metabolites’ association with children’s neurocognitive development.Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, the mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) concentration was negatively associated with Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) (β = −0.86, 95% CI: −1.67, −0.04). The associations between MnBP and neurocognitive development might be modified by PPARα rs1800246. Compared with low-MnBP individuals carrying rs1800246 GG genotypes, high-MnBP individuals with the AG + AA genotype had a higher risk of neurocognitive developmental delay, with the odds ratio of 2.76 (95% CI:1.14, 6.24).Conclusions: Our current study revealed that prenatal exposure to MnBP was negatively correlated with children’s neurocognitive development, and PPARα rs1800246 might modify the association.
Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Activity Attenuates Haemorrhagic Shock-Induced Multiple Organ Dysfunction in Rats
Authors: Patel Nikita M. , Yamada Noriaki , Oliveira Filipe R. M. B. , Stiehler Lara , Zechendorf Elisabeth , Hinkelmann Daniel , Kraemer Sandra , Stoppe Christian , Collino Massimo , Collotta Debora , Alves Gustavo Ferreira , Ramos Hanna Pillmann , Sordi Regina , Marzi Ingo , Relja Borna , Marx Gernot , Martin Lukas , Thiemermann Christoph 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate (a) macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels in polytrauma patients and rats after haemorrhagic shock (HS), (b) the potential of the MIF inhibitor ISO-1 to reduce multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in acute (short-term and long-term follow-up) HS rat models and (c) whether treatment with ISO-1 attenuates NF-κB and NLRP3 activation in HS.BackgroundThe MODS caused by an excessive systemic inflammatory response following trauma is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. MIF is a pleiotropic cytokine which can modulate the inflammatory response, however, its role in trauma is unknown.MethodsThe MIF levels in plasma of polytrauma patients and serum of rats with HS were measured by ELISA. Acute HS rat models were performed to determine the influence of ISO-1 on MODS. The activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways were analysed by western blot in the kidney and liver.ResultsWe demonstrated that (a) MIF levels are increased in polytrauma patients on arrival to the emergency room and in rats after HS, (b) HS caused organ injury and/or dysfunction and hypotension (post-resuscitation) in rats, while (c) treatment of HS-rats with ISO-1 attenuated the organ injury and dysfunction in acute HS models and (d) reduced the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways in the kidney and liver.ConclusionOur results point to a role of MIF in the pathophysiology of trauma-induced organ injury and dysfunction and indicate that MIF inhibitors may be used as a potential therapeutic approach for MODS after trauma and/or haemorrhage.
Regional Analgesia in Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lin Jingfang , Liao Yanling , Gong Cansheng , Yu Lizhu , Gao Fei , Yu Jing , Chen Jianghu , Chen Xiaohui , Zheng Ting , Zheng Xiaochun 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundA variety of regional analgesia methods are used during video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Our network meta-analysis (NMA) sought to evaluate the advantages of various methods of localized postoperative pain management in VATS patients.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were searched from their date of inception to May 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing two or more types of locoregional analgesia in adults using any standardized clinical criteria. This was done using Bayesian NMA.ResultsA total of 3,563 studies were initially identified, and 16 RCTs with a total of 1,144 participants were ultimately included. These studies, which spanned the years 2014 to 2021 and included data from eight different countries, presented new information. There were a variety of regional analgesia techniques used, and in terms of analgesic effect, thoracic epidural anesthesia (TEA) [SMD (standard mean difference) = 1.12, CrI (Credible interval): (−0.08 to −2.33)], thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) (SMD = 0.67, CrI: (−0.25 to 1.60) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) (SMD = 0.34, CrI: (−0.5 to 1.17) were better than other regional analgesia methods.ConclusionOverall, these findings show that TEA, TPVB and ESPB may be effective forms of regional analgesia in VATS. This research could be a valuable resource for future efforts regarding the use of thoracic regional analgesia and enhanced recovery after surgery.Systematic Review RegistrationIdentifier [PROSPERO CRD42021253218].
Rapid and Accurate Detection of SARS Coronavirus 2 by Nanopore Amplicon Sequencing
Authors: Li Xiao-xiao , Li Chao , Du Peng-cheng , Li Shao-yun , Yu Le , Zhao Zhi-qiang , Liu Ting-ting , Zhang Cong-kai , Zhang Sen-chao , Zhuang Yu , Dong Chao-ran , Ge Qing-gang 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the performance of nanopore amplicon sequencing detection for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in clinical samples.MethodWe carried out a single-center, prospective cohort study in a Wuhan hospital and collected a total of 86 clinical samples, including 54 pharyngeal swabs, 31 sputum samples, and 1 fecal sample, from 86 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from Feb 20 to May 15, 2020. We performed parallel detection with nanopore-based genome amplification and sequencing (NAS) on the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) minION platform and routine reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In addition, 27 negative control samples were detected using the two methods. The sensitivity and specificity of NAS were evaluated and compared with those of RT-qPCR.ResultsThe viral read number and reference genome coverage were both significantly different between the two groups of samples, and the latter was a better indicator for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Based on the reference genome coverage, NAS revealed both high sensitivity (96.5%) and specificity (100%) compared with RT-qPCR (80.2 and 96.3%, respectively), although the samples had been stored for half a year before the detection. The total time cost was less than 15 h, which was acceptable compared with that of RT-qPCR (∼2.5 h). In addition, the reference genome coverage of the viral reads was in line with the cycle threshold value of RT-qPCR, indicating that this number could also be used as an indicator of the viral load in a sample. The viral load in sputum might be related to the severity of the infection, particularly in patients within 4 weeks after onset of clinical manifestations, which could be used to evaluate the infection.ConclusionOur results showed the high sensitivity and specificity of the NAS method for SARS-CoV-2 detection compared with RT-qPCR. The sequencing results were also used as an indicator of the viral load to display the viral dynamics during infection. This study proved the wide application prospect of nanopore sequencing detection for SARS-CoV-2 and may more knowledge about the clinical characteristics of COVID-19.
Gynecologic Oncology and Inclusion of Women Into the Surgical Workforce: The Canary in This Coal Mine
Authors: Hong Linda J. , Rubinsak Lisa , Benoit Michelle F. , Teoh Deanna , Chandavarkar Uma , Brockmeyer Amy , Stevens Erin , Ioffe Yevgeniya , Temkin Sarah M. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveWomen make up a majority of the gynecologic oncology workforce. Increasing the numbers of women in leadership has been proposed as a path towards professional gender equity. This study examined whether leadership gender and departmental infrastructure impact the work environment for women gynecologic oncologists.MethodsMembers of a 472-member private Facebook group “Women of Gynecologic Oncology” (WGO) who self-identified as women gynecologic oncologists provided demographics, practice infrastructure, personal experience with workplace bullying, gender discrimination, microaggressions using a REDcap survey platform.ResultsOf 250 (53%) respondents to this survey, most were younger than age 50 years (93.6%); White (82.2%) and non-Hispanic (94.3%); married (84.7%); and parenting (75.2%). Practice environments included academic (n=152, 61.0%), hospital employed (n=57, 22.9%), and private practice (n=31, 12.4%), and 89.9% supervised trainees. A significant percent of respondents had experienced bullying (52.8%), gender discrimination (57%) and microaggressions (83%). Age, race, ethnicity, practice setting, or mentorship were not statistically significantly associated with these experiences. Reported perpetrators were varied and included colleagues (84%), patients (44%), staff (41%), administrators (18%), and trainees (16%). Prevalence of bullying (55.0 vs 47.7%, p=0.33), gender discrimination (59.1 vs 52.3%, p=0.33) and microaggressions (83.3 vs 83.0%, p=1.00) were similar irrespective of departmental leadership gender.ConclusionsWomen gynecologic oncologists report a high prevalence of workplace bullying, gender discrimination and microaggressions regardless of the gender of their immediate leadership. Proactive and deliberate structural interventions to improve the work environment for surgeons who are women are urgently needed.
Mitochondria Dysfunction-Mediated Molecular Subtypes and Gene Prognostic Index for Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy
Authors: Feng Dechao , Shi Xu , Zhang Facai , Xiong Qiao , Wei Qiang , Yang Lu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundGiven the age relevance of prostate cancer (PCa) and the role of mitochondrial dysfunction (MIDS) in aging, we orchestrated molecular subtypes and identified key genes for PCa from the perspective of MIDS.MethodsCluster analysis, COX regression analysis, function analysis, and tumor immune environment were conducted. We performed all analyses using software R 3.6.3 and its suitable packages.ResultsCXCL14, SFRP4, and CD38 were eventually identified to classify the PCa patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset into two distinct clusters. Patients in the cluster 2 had shorter BCR-free survival than those in the cluster 1 in terms of both TCGA database and GEO dataset. We divided the patients from the TCGA database and the GEO dataset into high- and low-risk groups according to the median of MIDS-related genetic prognostic index. For patients in the TCGA database, the biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk in high-risk group was 2.34 times higher than that in low-risk group. Similarly, for patients in the GEO dataset, the risk of BCR and metastasis in high-risk group was 2.35 and 3.04 times higher than that in low-risk group, respectively. Cluster 2 was closely associated with advanced T stage and higher Gleason score for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy. For patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, the number of CD8+ T cells was significantly lower in cluster 2 than in cluster 1, while cluster 2 had significantly higher stromal score than cluster 1. For patients undergoing radical radiotherapy, cluster 2 had significantly higher level of CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, stromal score, immune score, and estimate score, but showed lower level of tumor purity than cluster 1.ConclusionsWe proposed distinctly prognosis-related molecular subtypes at genetic level and related formula for PCa patients undergoing radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy, mainly to provide a roadmap for precision medicine.
The Transition From Ambrisentan to Macitentan in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Real-word Prospective Study
Authors: Chen Yusi , Luo Jun , Chen Jingyuan , Kotlyar Eugene , Li Zilu , Chen Wenjie , Li Jiang 
Published: April 2022

Background: In a long-term event-driven trial, macitentan has demonstrated beneficial time to clinical worsening in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and reduced PAH-related hospitalization rates compared with placebo. Macitentan is the most recently approved endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and is the first ERA that has shown efficacy for morbidity and mortality in PAH patients; therefore, patients and physicians may consider converting treatment from ambrisentan to macitentan. Our study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and quality of life in PAH patients transitioning from ambrisentan to macitentan.Methods: This was a real-world, prospective study with a 12-month follow-up. PAH patients who had received stable doses of ambrisentan for over 3 months, were within the World Health Organization Functional Class II/III, and 6-min walk distance ≥ of 250 m were enrolled. The study included a screening period, followed by a transition phase, after which patients entered the long-term follow-up. Clinical data and treatment satisfaction outcomes were collected to assess and monitor the safety and efficacy of the transition. The trial was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; No. ChiCTR2000034898).Results: One hundred and fifty-seven enrolled PAH patients completed the transition. All criteria for continuous treatment transition were met by 145 patients (92.4%). Results showed improvements in exercise capacity, cardiac function, and hemodynamics compared with baseline. During the process, 4 patients discontinued macitentan due to adverse events. There was no statistical difference in the overall incidence of adverse events before and after the transition.Conclusion: Transition to macitentan from ambrisentan was successful and well-tolerated by PAH patients, and was associated with greater efficacy and satisfaction.
Evaluation of the Clinical Effectiveness of Oseltamivir for Influenza Treatment in Children
Authors: Qin Jianru , Lin Jilei , Zhang Xiangfei , Yuan Shuhua , Zhang Chiyu , Yin Yong 
Published: April 2022

Objective: To estimate the clinical effectiveness of oseltamivir in children with different subtypes of influenza virus infection.Methods: A total of 998 children with acute respiratory infection were enrolled from January to March 2018, and were divided into influenza A, influenza B, influenza A + B, and non-influenza infection (IV-negative) groups. Influenza-like symptoms and duration of fever were evaluated and compared between oseltamivir-treated and non-treated groups.Results: There were no significant differences in the reduction in total febrile period and duration of fever from the onset of therapy between the oseltamivir treated and non-treated children infected with influenza A (p = 0.6885 for total febrile period and 0.7904 for the duration of fever from the onset of treatment), influenza B (p = 0.1462 and 0.1966), influenza A + B (p = 0.5568 and 0.9320), and IV-negative (p = 0.7631 and 0.4655). The duration of fever in children received oseltamivir therapy within 48 h was not significantly shorter than that beyond 48 h (p &gt; 0.05). Additionally, percentages and severities of influenza-like symptoms, including headache, myalgia, fatigue, bellyache, vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat, cough, and coryza were not decreased and alleviated after treatment of oseltamivir.Conclusion: Oseltamivir treatment does not significantly shorten the duration of fever, nor does it significantly relieve influenza-like symptoms in children with infection of influenza.
H2S Protects Against Immobilization-Induced Muscle Atrophy via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Xu Miaomiao , Liu Xiaoguang , Bao Peng , Wang Yan Jie , Lu Jianqiang , Liu Yu Jian 
Published: April 2022

Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are major triggers of the imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation during the pathogenesis of immobilization-induced muscle atrophy. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gas transmitter with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, on immobilization-induced muscle atrophy. Mice were allocated to control and immobilization (IM) groups, which were treated with slow (GYY4137) or rapid (NaHS) H2S releasing donors for 14 days. The results showed that both GYY4137 and NaHS treatment reduced the IM-induced muscle loss, and increased muscle mass. The IM-induced expressions of Muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) and atrogin-1, two muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases, were decreased by administration of GYY4137 or NaHS. Both GYY4137 and NaHS treatments alleviated the IM-induced muscle fibrosis, as evidenced by decreases in collagen deposition and levels of tissue fibrosis biomarkers. Moreover, administration of GYY4137 or NaHS alleviated the IM-induced infiltration of CD45 + leukocytes, meanwhile inhibited the expressions of the pro-inflammatory biomarkers in skeletal muscles. It was found that administration of either GYY4137 or NaHS significantly attenuated immobilization-induced oxidative stress as indicated by decreased H2O2 levels and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunoreactivity, as well as increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and NRF2 downstream anti-oxidant targets levels in skeletal muscles. Collectively, the present study demonstrated that treatment with either slow or rapid H2S releasing donors protected mice against immobilization-induced muscle fibrosis and atrophy. The beneficial effects of H2S on immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy might be due to both the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of H2S.
Caring for Psychological Distress of Patients With COVID-19: A Mixed-Method Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Anni , Liu Lei , Chen Xue , Bai Xiaoling 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe 2019–2020 pandemic COVID-19 has become a global health crisis. While many recent studies on COVID-19 pandemic have focused on disease epidemiology and psychological status of patients, few have explored the multi-facet influential factors or combined perspectives from both the patients and healthcare workers. The purposes of this study were to: analyze the influencing factors of psychological distress of COVID-19 patients; and describe the experience of healthcare workers relieving psychological distress.Materials and MethodsThis study uses a mixed-method cross-sectional design, including a quantitative study and a qualitative study, targeting two populations: COVID-19 patient and health workers, respectively. In the quantitative part, we recruited a convenience sample of patients with COVID-19 from five hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei Province from 10 to 15 April, 2020. Besides, we collected data by using participants’ socio-demographic information sheet, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Herth Hope Index, the Distress Thermometer, the Revised Chinese Version of Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, and the Chinese Version of Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale. In the qualitative part, the participants were healthcare workers involved in medical aid missions in Hubei Province, China. Meanwhile, we used sampling with convenient and purposive, data collection with a semi-structured online video interview, and text transcription with Colaizzi’s phenomenological method.ResultsThe results reveal that 25.7% of patients reported higher level of psychological distress (n = 31, scoring ≥4). After controlling the sociodemographic variables, only severity of COVID-19 (β = 0.282, P = 0.025) and uncertainty in illness (β = 0.345, P = 0.007) shown significant effect on psychological distress in the regression model (F = 10.862, R2 = 0.222, P &lt; 0.001). The experience of healthcare workers emerged five themes: Particularly needed psychological care, Manifestation of negative emotion, Manifestation of proactive adaptation, Strategies relieving psychological distress, and gains of healthcare workers after delivering effective psychological care.ConclusionThe 25.7% of patients with COVID-19 still suffered from psychological distress, which should receive timely attention from healthcare workers. And the severity of the disease and disease uncertainty have a significant impact on distress. It is critical to train the healthcare workers on detecting the different manifestation of psychological distress, offering timely disease related information, and applying communication strategies.