bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vortioxetine on Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Huang I-Chen , Chang Tsui-San , Chen Chiehfeng , Sung Jia-Ying 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Dementia and depression are increasingly common worldwide, and their effective control could ease the burden on economies, public health systems, and support networks. Vortioxetine is a new antidepressant with multipharmacologic actions that elevate the concentration of serotonin and modulate multiple neurotransmitter receptors in the brain. We conducted a meta-analysis to explore whether the cognitive function of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) treated with vortioxetine would improve.

Methods
We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to assess the treatment effects of vortioxetine on the cognitive function of patients with MDD. The outcome measures included the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ), and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores. Pooled results were calculated using a fixed-effects or random-effects model according to the heterogeneity of the included trials.

Results
Six RCTs with a total of 1782 patients were included in the meta-analysis, which demonstrated that vortioxetine improved DSST, PDQ, and MADRS scores in patients with MDD. The results were consistent at the 10- and 20-mg doses. In the 20-mg group, the decrease in MADRS scores was more significant than that in the placebo group.

Conclusions
Both the 10- and 20-mg doses of vortioxetine can significantly increase DSST scores and decrease PDQ and MADRS scores in patients with MDD and cognitive dysfunction, but further studies with longer follow-up periods to assess mental function are required.
The Work of Nails: Religion, Mediterranean Antiquity, and Contemporary Black Art
Authors: Nasrallah Laura Salah 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article contributes to the study of religion by investigating the ritual significance of the ancient nail, focusing on its material power in piercing curse tablets (defixiones, sing. defixio) in Mediterranean antiquity. It thus brings a humble object and the gestures and labor associated with it more centrally into the study of religion in antiquity. The article also contributes to the study of religion more broadly by developing a theoretical framework derived from contemporary artistic, material practices. I interpret these ancient ritual objects—the materiality and aesthetics of defixiones and the function of the nail—by engaging contemporary artworks by Valerie Maynard, Renée Stout, and Titus Kaphar. In the racial condition of the United States, these artists materialize theory regarding aesthetics, history, and justice, drawing in part from Kongolese minkisi minkondi, which were nailed and pierced to mark rituals of justice.
An ethnographic study on the impact of a novel telemedicine-based support system in the operating room
Authors: Abraham Joanna , Meng Alicia , Montes de Oca Arianna , Politi Mary , Wildes Troy , Gregory Stephen , Henrichs Bernadette , Kannampallil Thomas , Avidan Michael S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective
The Anesthesiology Control Tower (ACT) for operating rooms (ORs) remotely assesses the progress of surgeries and provides real-time perioperative risk alerts, communicating risk mitigation recommendations to bedside clinicians. We aim to identify and map ACT-OR nonroutine events (NREs)—risk-inducing or risk-mitigating workflow deviations—and ascertain ACT’s impact on clinical workflow and patient safety.

Materials and Methods
We used ethnographic methods including shadowing ACT and OR clinicians during 83 surgeries, artifact collection, chart reviews for decision alerts sent to the OR, and 10 clinician interviews. We used hybrid thematic analysis informed by a human-factors systems-oriented approach to assess ACT’s role and impact on safety, conducting content analysis to assess NREs.

Results
Across 83 cases, 469 risk alerts were triggered, and the ACT sent 280 care recommendations to the OR. 135 NREs were observed. Critical factors facilitating ACT’s role in supporting patient safety included providing backup support and offering a fresh-eye perspective on OR decisions. Factors impeding ACT included message timing and ACT and OR clinician cognitive lapses. Suggestions for improvement included tailoring ACT message content (structure, timing, presentation) and incorporating predictive analytics for advanced planning.

Discussion
ACT served as a safety net with remote surveillance features and as a learning healthcare system with feedback/auditing features. Supporting strategies include adaptive coordination and harnessing clinician/patient support to improve ACT’s sustainability. Study insights inform future intraoperative telemedicine design considerations to mitigate safety risks.

Conclusion
Incorporating similar remote technology enhancement into routine perioperative care could markedly improve safety and quality for millions of surgical patients.
Poland’s challenge to Article 17 CDSM Directive fails before the CJEU, but Member States must implement fundamental rights safeguards
Authors: Jütte Bernd Justin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has dismissed Poland’s action for annulment of the new copyright liability regime for specific online platforms but subjected its implementation to strict fundamental rights control. As a result, national implementations must ensure that the rights of users are given sufficient protection against preventive blocking and filtering of content uploads.
The spin of new black hole candidate: MAXI J1803−298 observed by NuSTAR and NICER
Authors: Feng Ye , Zhao Xueshan , Li Yufeng , Gou Lijun , Jia Nan , Liao Zhenxuan , Wang Yuan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
MAXI J1803−298, a newly-discovered Galactic transient, and black hole candidate was first detected by MAXI/GSC on 2021 May 01. In this paper, we present a detailed spectral analysis of MAXI J1803−298. Utilizing the X-ray reflection fitting method, we perform a joint fit to the spectra of MAXI J1803−298, respectively, observed by NuSTAR and NICER/XTI on the same day over the energy range between 0.7–79.0 keV in SIMS state, and the observed inner radius of the accretion disc is demonstrated to have extended to the ISCO radius (Rin =1.08 RISCO). Implementing the relativistic reflection model relxillCp, we found its spin (and the inclination angle i) can be constrained to be close to an extreme value, 0.991 (i ∼ 70 °), at 68 per cent confidence interval. The results suggest that MAXI J1803−298 may be a fast-rotating black hole with a large inclination angle.
Close encounters of stars with stellar-mass black hole binaries
Authors: Ryu Taeho , Perna Rosalba , Wang Yi-Han 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
Many astrophysical environments, from star clusters and globular clusters to the discs of active galactic nuclei, are characterized by frequent interactions between stars and the compact objects that they leave behind. Here, using a suite of 3D hydrodynamics simulations, we explore the outcome of close interactions between $1\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ stars and binary black holes (BBHs) in the gravitational wave regime, resulting in a tidal disruption event (TDE) or a pure scattering, focusing on the accretion rates, the back reaction on the BH binary orbital parameters, and the increase in the binary BH effective spin. We find that TDEs can make a significant impact on the binary orbit, which is often different from that of a pure scattering. Binaries experiencing a prograde (retrograde) TDE tend to be widened (hardened) by up to $\simeq 20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Initially circular binaries become more eccentric by $\lesssim 10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ by a prograde or retrograde TDE, whereas the eccentricity of initially eccentric binaries increases (decreases) by a retrograde (prograde) TDE by $\lesssim 5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Overall, a single TDE can generally result in changes of the gravitational-wave-driven merger time-scale by order unity. The accretion rates of both black holes are very highly super-Eddington, showing modulations (preferentially for retrograde TDEs) on a time-scale of the orbital period, which can be a characteristic feature of BBH-driven TDEs. Prograde TDEs result in the effective spin parameter χ to vary by ≲0.02, while χ ≳ −0.005 for retrograde TDEs.
Anticorrelated lags in a neutron star Z source GX 5-1: AstroSat’s View
Authors: P Chiranjeevi , Sriram K 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We report the cross-correlation function studies of a neutron star low-mass X-ray binary, a Z source GX 5-1, using Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) energy bands onboard AstroSat. For the first time, we report the lag between soft (0.8–2.0 keV, SXT) and hard X-ray energy bands (10–20 and 16–40 keV, LAXPC) in GX 5-1 and detected lags of the order of a few tens to hundreds of seconds in the horizontal branch. We interpreted them as the readjustment time-scale of the inner region of the accretion disc. We used various two components and three-component spectral models to unfold the spectra and observed the changes in soft and hard component fluxes that were exhibiting horizontal branch oscillation variations. It was observed that the bbody component assumed to be originating from the boundary layer over the NS and was also found to vary along with the HBO variation where lags were detected. We constrained the size of the comptonizing region of the order 15–55 km, assuming that lags were due to variation in the size of the corona. We noticed a similar size of the comptonizing region after employing other models and suggest that the overall size of corona must be of the order of a few tens of km to explain the lags, HBO variation, and respective spectral variations. In a case study, it was noted that the BL size increases as GX 5-1 vary from the top of the HB to the upper vertex.
Tacrolimus use and renal function in pregnancy with lupus nephritis: Analysis of post-marketing surveillance data in Japan
Authors: Suzuki Kazuko , Uno Satoshi , Wakasugi Naoko 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Tacrolimus may be administered to pregnant women with lupus nephritis in Japan if considered therapeutically beneficial, but supporting data are limited. We assessed the safety and effectiveness of tacrolimus before, during, and after pregnancy in women with lupus nephritis receiving tacrolimus.

Methods
This was an ad hoc analysis of data from a post-marketing surveillance study of tacrolimus in patients with lupus nephritis in Japan. Pregnancy outcomes, nephritis status, and adverse events were assessed for up to 2 years postpartum.

Results
Data were available for 23 births in 21 patients (two patients had two births each). Tacrolimus for lupus nephritis was continued during 11 births in nine patients (during and after pregnancy) and discontinued in 12 patients (when pregnancy was known or when approaching delivery). Renal function was generally maintained in patients who gave birth while receiving tacrolimus; however, there were cases of increased urine protein and decreased renal function over 2 years. There were no unexpected adverse events/safety concerns.

Conclusions
These data from clinical practice suggest that tacrolimus is a valid treatment option for lupus nephritis in fertile women in Japan and, with careful monitoring, pregnant women with lupus nephritis may continue their tacrolimus treatment.
Development of targeted therapies in IgG4-related disease
Authors: Nakayamada Shingo , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic disease characterized by high serum IgG4 levels, infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells into affected tissues, and subsequent fibrosis, forming mass, nodular, and thickened lesions in organs. Although glucocorticoids (GCs) are the first-line treatment for IgG4-RD, the disease often relapses during dose reduction or after discontinuation of GC. Long-term treatment with GC is associated with adverse effects such as infection, osteoporosis, and atherosclerosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a treatment strategy that specifically addresses the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. As immunocompetent cells and immune-related molecules involved in the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD are increasingly being identified, there is a growing demand for new molecular-targeted drugs that target them. In particular, favourable results have been reported for drugs that target B cells, such as anti-cluster of differentiation (CD)20 and anti-CD19 antibodies. In addition, clinical trials are underway for new therapeutic agents, such as anti-signalling lymphocytic activation molecule family 7 antibodies that target T cells and other cells.
Availability of Results of Trials Studying Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma over the Past 10 Years
Authors: Pellat Anna , Boutron Isabelle , Ravaud Philippe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer with few therapeutic options. Availability of results is a crucial step in interventional research. Our aim was to evaluate results availability for trials in patients with PDAC and explore associated factors.

Materials and Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study and searched the ClinicalTrials.gov registry for trials evaluating PDAC management with a primary completion date between 1 January 2010 and 1 June 2020. Then, we searched for results submitted on ClinicalTrials.gov and/or published. Our primary outcome was the proportion of PDAC trials with available results: submitted on ClinicalTrials.gov (either publicly available or undergoing quality control check) and/or published in a full-text article. The association of predefined trial characteristics with results availability was assessed.

Results
We identified 551 trials of which 386 (70%) had available results. The cumulative percentage of trials with available results was 21% (95% CI, 18-25%) at 12 months after the primary completion date, 44% (95% CI, 30-48%) at 24 months and 57% (95% CI, 53-61%) at 36 months. Applicable clinical trials, required to comply with the 2007 Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act 801 and its final rule on reporting of results on ClinicalTrials.gov, were more likely to have available results over time (HR 2.1 [95% CI 1.72-2.63], P &lt; .001). Industry-funded, small sample size, and terminated trials were less likely to have available results. Other trial characteristics showed no association with results availability.

Conclusion
Our results highlight a waste in interventional research studying PDAC.
Current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer in China from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Chen Shimin , Han Ke , Song Yang , Liu Shaohua , Li Xuehang , Wang Shengshu , Li Haowei , Li Rongrong , Wang Jianhua , He Yao , Liu Miao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background:
Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) has greatly damaged the health of patients and is accompanied by a dismal prognosis. The worldwide distribution of GBTC shows extensive variance and the updated data in China is lacking. This study was to determine the current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of GBTC over the past 30 years in China.

Methods:
This was a descriptive, epidemiological, secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study 2019 data. Data including incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of GBTC in China by year, age, and sex were assessed. Joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to evaluate trends of disease burden due to GBTC from 1990 to 2019. Nordpred age-period-cohort analysis was applied for the projection of mortality and incidence due to GBTC from 2019 to 2044.

Results:
Nationally, there were 38,634 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 27,350–46,512) new cases and 47,278 (95% UI: 32,889–57,229) patients due to GBTC, causing 34,462 (95% UI: 25,220–41,231) deaths, and 763,584 (95% UI: 566,755–920,493) DALYs in 2019. Both cases and rates of burden owing to GBTC were heavier among males and at old age. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized rates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs of GBTC generally increased from 1990 to 2019, with average annual percentage change at 0.8% (95% confidential interval [CI]: 0.6–1.0%), 1.3% (95% CI: 1.1–1.5%), 0.4% (95% CI: 0.2–0.6%), and 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1–0.4%), respectively. Even though the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized mortality rate in both sexes were predicted to decline gradually from 2019 to 2044, the number of new cases and deaths were expected to grow steadily.

Conclusions:
GBTC is becoming a major health burden in China, particularly among males and older individuals. Given the aging population and increasing burden, effective strategies and measurements are urged to prevent or reduce the number of new cases and deaths of GBTC.
The Early Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Lung, Colorectal, and Breast Cancer Screening and Treatment at a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Lou Johanna , Kooragayala Keshav , Williams Jennifer P. , Sandilos Georgianna , Butchy Margaret V. , Yoon-Flannery Kahyun , Kwiatt Michael , Hong Young Ki , Shersher David D. , Burg Jennifer M. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
During the coronavirus-19 pandemic, experts recommended delaying routine cancer screening and modifying treatment strategies. We sought to understand the sequalae of these recommendations.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective single-center analysis of screening, diagnosis, and treatment of lung, colorectal, and breast cancer. Data was collected from our institutional cancer registry. Prepandemic (2016-2019) was compared with pandemic (2020) data.

Results:
Three thousand three sixty one screening chest computed tomography scans (CTs), 35,917 colonoscopies, and 48,093 screening mammograms were performed. There was no difference in CTs [81.0 (SEM10.0) vs. 65.6 (SEM3.29), P=0.067] or mammograms [1017.0 (SEM171.8) vs. 809.4 (SEM56.41), P=0.177] in 2020 versus prepandemic. There were fewer colonoscopies in 2020 [651.4 (SEM103.5) vs. 758.91 (SEM11.79), P=0.043]. There was a decrease in cancer diagnoses per month in 2020 of lung [22.70 (SEM1.469) vs. 28.75 (SEM0.8216), P=0.003] and breast [38.56 (SEM6.133) vs. 51.82 (SEM1.257), P=0.001], but not colorectal [13.11 (SEM1.467) vs. 15.88 (SEM0.585), P=0.074] cancer. There was no change in stage at presentation for lung (P=0.717), breast (P=0.115), or colorectal cancer (P=0.180). Lung had a shorter time-to-treatment in 2020 [38.92 days (SEM 2.48) vs. 66 (SEM1.46), P=0.002].

Conclusions:
In 2020, there was no difference in screening studies for lung and breast cancer but there was a decrease in new diagnoses. Although there were fewer colonoscopies performed in 2020, there was no change in new colorectal cancer diagnoses. Despite changes in guidelines during the pandemic, the time-to-treatment for lung cancer was shorter and was unchanged for colorectal and breast cancer. These findings highlight the importance of continuing care for a vulnerable patient population despite a pandemic.
#TheUglyTruth? A Qualitative Evaluation of Outcomes Photography on Instagram: Introducing the SEPIA Scoring System
Authors: Soares Danny J. , von Haven Haley N. , Yi Christina H. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Photographs of cosmetic treatment outcomes on social media are prone to bias and misrepresentation from nonadherence to established photographic standards. However, there is currently insufficient information regarding which norms are most-commonly violated, precluding quality improvement efforts.

Methods:
A qualitative study of cosmetic treatment photographs published on Instagram was undertaken in accordance with the Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies using a newly proposed Standards for the Evaluation of Photographs In Aesthetics (SEPIA) nine-point photograph scoring system and grading scale.

Results:
A total of 510 posts encompassing 2020 clinical photographs published by 102 practitioner accounts on Instagram were audited for photographic quality. The average score was 4 out of 9 (medium quality), with approximately 40% of posts scoring in the low-quality range. Zoom, lighting, timing, and presentation of multiple views were the standards most-commonly disregarded. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery specialty and subspecialty (PRSS) practitioners scored higher (4.5/9 versus 3.1/9, P = 0.002) and had fewer low-quality posts (22% versus 54%, P = 0.001) than non-PRSS providers. Low-quality photographs were most often seen with rhinoplasty (30% versus 7%, P < 0.00001) and lip filler (60% versus 33%, P = 0.0001) compared with surgical and nonsurgical treatments, respectively, due to a higher incidence of immediate photographs and selfies.

Conclusions:
Before and after photographs of surgical and nonsurgical cosmetic treatment outcomes on social media are frequently of substandard quality. This study outlines specific items frequently neglected in outcomes photography to assist practitioners in maximizing adherence to established standards of photography online.
Autologous Fat Grafting in the Upper Extremity: Defining New Indications
Authors: Deptula Peter , Block Tennyson , Tanabe Kylie , Kulber David 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Autologous fat grafting is a commonly used technique in plastic surgery that can also be applied broadly in hand surgery. We present a case series to demonstrate the diverse indications for fat grafting in hand surgery.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed cases of fat grafting in the upper extremity in 2020. Cases representing a unique application of fat grafting were identified. Patient data, including demographics, diagnoses, preoperative and postoperative assessments, complications, patient satisfaction, and surgical operative reports, were recorded.

Results:
Five patients representing distinct indications for autologous fat grafting in the upper extremity were identified. Indications included hand rejuvenation (20.0%), burn/scar management (20.0%), tenolysis (20.0%), revision nerve decompression (20.0%), and carpometacarpal joint arthritis (20.0%). Average patient age was 60.4 years (range, 42–71). Average volume of fat injected was 15.2 ml (range, 1–37 ml). No major complications were noted (0.0%). All patients expressed satisfaction with their overall result with good functional outcomes (100%).

Conclusions:
Autologous fat grafting can be applied broadly in hand surgery. Indications for fat grafting in hand surgery include hand rejuvenation, burn/scar management, tenolysis, revision nerve decompression, and thumb carpometacarpal arthritis. Hand surgeons can easily incorporate fat grafting into their daily practice. Current literature supports fat grafting as a viable technique in hand surgery with lower-level studies.