bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact assessment of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant cotton on arthropod communities
Authors: LI Dongyang , ZHU Xiangzhen , ZHANG Kaixin , WANG Li , ZHANG Rui , LIANG Chengzhen , LUO Junyu , CUI Jinjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important economic crops worldwide, and its production plays an important role in the economy of many countries. Genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops, which were developed to minimize the losses caused by weeds, have gradually become the most widely adopted genetically modified crops in the world due to their economic and environmental benefits. However, the potential ecological and environmental risks of GMHT crops have attracted extensive attention and controversy. Arthropod communities form a prominent part of the biodiversity of agroecosystems and are important indicators of environmental health. Elucidating the effects of GMHT crops on the diversity of arthropod communities is necessary to ensure the safety of GMHT crops.

Result
In this 2-year study, we investigated the potential impact of GMHT crops on arthropod communities. The GMHT cotton variety GGK2 with glyphosate tolerance and its near-isogenic non-GMHT variety K312 were used for the experimental groups. The Shannon diversity index (H), Simpson diversity index (D), Pielou evenness index (J), and principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA) of the Bray–Curtis distance were used to evaluate the population dynamics and biodiversity of arthropods in cotton fields. No significant differences were found between GGK2 and K312 in their total abundance of arthropod communities, and biodiversity indexes on most sampling dates. The arthropod composition in the GGK2 and K312 plots was similar. Sampling dates had a significant effect on biodiversity indexes, whereas no clear tendencies related to cotton variety or cotton variety × sampling dates interaction were recorded. In addition, PCoA revealed high similarity between the arthropod communities in the plots of the GMHT cotton variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312.

Conclusion
There was no obvious difference in abundance, diversity indexes of arthropod communities between GMHT cotton variety GGK2 and its near-isogenic variety K312 under the small-scale planting regime.
Enabling data-driven anomaly detection by design in cyber-physical production systems
Authors: Pinto Rui , Gonçalves Gil , Delsing Jerker , Tovar Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDesigning and developing distributed cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) is a time-consuming, complex, and error-prone process. These systems are typically heterogeneous, i.e., they consist of multiple components implemented with different languages and development tools. One of the main problems nowadays in CPPS implementation is enabling security mechanisms by design while reducing the complexity and increasing the system’s maintainability. Adopting the IEC 61499 standard is an excellent approach to tackle these challenges by enabling the design, deployment, and management of CPPS in a model-based engineering methodology. We propose a method for CPPS design based on the IEC 61499 standard. The method allows designers to embed a bio-inspired anomaly-based host intrusion detection system (A-HIDS) in Edge devices. This A-HIDS is based on the incremental Dendritic Cell Algorithm (iDCA) and can analyze OPC UA network data exchanged between the Edge devices and detect attacks that target the CPPS’ Edge layer. This study’s findings have practical implications on the industrial security community by making novel contributions to the intrusion detection problem in CPPS considering immune-inspired solutions, and cost-effective security by design system implementation. According to the experimental data, the proposed solution can dramatically reduce design and code complexity while improving application maintainability and successfully detecting network attacks without negatively impacting the performance of the CPPS Edge devices.
Machine learning based potentiating impacts of 12-lead ECG for classifying paroxysmal versus non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kim Sungsoo , Kwon Sohee , Markey Mia K. , Bovik Alan C. , Hong Sung-Hwi , Kim JunYong , Hwang Hye Jin , Joung Boyoung , Pak Hui-Nam , Lee Moon-Hyeong , Park Junbeom 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Conventional modality requires several days observation by Holter monitor to differentiate atrial fibrillation (AF) between Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and Non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Non-PAF). Rapid and practical differentiating approach is needed.

Objective
To develop a machine learning model that observes 10-s of standard 12-lead electrocardiograph (ECG) for real-time classification of AF between PAF versus Non-PAF.

Methods
In this multicenter, retrospective cohort study, the model training and cross-validation was performed on a dataset consisting of 741 patients enrolled from Severance Hospital, South Korea. For cross-institutional validation, the trained model was applied to an independent data set of 600 patients enrolled from Ewha University Hospital, South Korea. Lasso regression was applied to develop the model.

Results
In the primary analysis, the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) on the test set for the model that predicted AF subtype only using ECG was 0.72 (95% CI 0.65–0.80). In the secondary analysis, AUC only using baseline characteristics was 0.53 (95% CI 0.45–0.61), while the model that employed both baseline characteristics and ECG parameters was 0.72 (95% CI 0.65–0.80). Moreover, the model that incorporated baseline characteristics, ECG, and Echocardiographic parameters achieved an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI 0.678–0.855) on the test set.

Conclusions
Our machine learning model using ECG has potential for automatic differentiation of AF between PAF versus Non-PAF achieving high accuracy. The inclusion of Echocardiographic parameters further increases model performance. Further studies are needed to clarify the next steps towards clinical translation of the proposed algorithm.
Effect on sinus cycle length and atrioventricular node function after high-power short-duration versus conventional radiofrequency catheter ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
Authors: Do Ungjeong , Kim Minsoo , Cho Min Soo , Nam Gi-Byoung , Choi Kee-Joon , Kim Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The efficacy and safety of high-power, short-duration (HPSD) radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) have been demonstrated in several studies. We aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of the conventional method and the HPSD method for AF ablation on the sinus and AV node function in patients with paroxysmal AF.

Methods
The medical records of patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) were retrieved from a prospectively collected AF ablation registry at a large-sized tertiary center. The HPSD group (n = 41) was distinguished from the conventional ablation group (n = 198) in terms of the power (50 W vs. 20–40 W) and duration (6–10 s vs. 20–30 s) of radiofrequency energy delivery during PVI. Peri-procedural changes in cardiac autonomy were assessed in terms of the changes in sinus cycle length (SCL), block cycle length (BCL), and effective refractory period (ERP) of the atrioventricular node (AVN).

Results
The SCL, BCL, and ERP of the AVN at baseline and post-ablation were not significantly different between the conventional ablation group and the HPSD group. Shortening of the SCL, BCL, and ERP of the AVN was observed immediately after AF ablation in both groups. One-year recurrence of AF/atrial flutter (35.1% vs. 20.3%; P = 0.011) and atrial flutter (13.8% vs. 4.7%; P = 0.015) were higher in the HPSD group than in the conventional ablation group.

Conclusion
Both the HPSD and the conventional ablation method resulted in post-ablation vagal modification as evidenced by the shortening of SCL, BCL, and ERP of the AVN. One-year recurrence of atrial flutter and AF/atrial flutter was higher in patients who underwent the HPSD method.
Identification of the blast resistance genes in three elite restorer lines of hybrid rice
Authors: Hassan Beenish , Peng Yu-Ting , Li Sha , Yin Xiao-Xiao , Chen Chen , Gulzar Faiza , Zhou Shi-Xin , Pu Mei , Ji Yun-Peng , Wang Yu-Ping , Zhao Wensheng , Huang Fu , Peng You-Liang , Zhao Zhi-Xue , Wang Wen-Ming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHybrid rice has the advantage to pyramid multiple resistance (R) genes because a hybrid rice cultivar is developed from the cross of a sterile line with a restorer line that can harbor different R genes. Thus, knowing the R genes in an elite line will help the combination of different R genes into a hybrid rice cultivar. Here, we identified the blast R genes in Shu Hui 548 (SH548), Shu Hui 882 (SH882), and Wu Shan Si Miao (WSSM), three elite restorer lines of hybrid rice that showed resistance to the rice blast fungus in the disease nurseries. At controlled laboratory conditions, the three elite restorer lines exhibited resistance to more than 20 China Rice Blast strains that harbor different avirulence genes, indicating their broad-spectrum resistance to blast disease. Expression analyses detected the transcripts of multiple known blast R genes. Sequencing of the expressed R genes indicated that, besides Pid2, SH548 also contains Pi2 and Ptr, SH882 and WSSM also contain Pikm and Pi9-Type5, respectively. Pi9-Type5 is a novel functional allele of Pi9. Therefore, SH548, SH882, and WSSM can be exploited in combination with the sterile lines containing other R genes, and they can be used as blast resistance donors in disease-resistance breeding programs.
Risk factors associated with surgical site infections following joint replacement surgery: a narrative review
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Haining , Chan Ping Keung , Fung Wing Chiu , Fu Henry , Chiu Kwong Yuen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Surgical site infection following joint replacement surgery is still a significant complication, resulting in repeated surgery, prolonged antibiotic therapy, extended postoperative hospital stay, periprosthetic joint infection, and increased morbidity and mortality. This review discusses the risk factors associated with surgical site infection.

Related risk factors
The patient-related factors include sex, age, body mass index (BMI), obesity, nutritional status, comorbidities, primary diagnosis, living habits, and scores of the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system, etc. Surgery-related factors involve preoperative skin preparation, prolonged duration of surgery, one-stage bilateral joint replacement surgery, blood loss, glove changes, anti-microbial prophylaxis, topical anti-bacterial preparations, wound management, postoperative hematoma, etc. Those risk factors are detailed in the review.

Conclusion
Preventive measures must be taken from multiple perspectives to reduce the incidence of surgical site infection after joint replacement surgery.
Is attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder increased in patients with celiac disease?
Authors: Honar Naser , Radanfar Roya , Ghanizadeh Ahmad , Barkhordarian Maryam , Javaherizadeh Hazhir 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Some studies have shown that neurological and mental disorders in children with celiac disease are higher than in the general population. The aim of this study is to find frequency of ADHD in celiac patients.

Result
The findings of the study showed that the frequency of ADHD in males was 6 cases (22.2%) and 6 cases (18.2%) in females, and although the ADHD score was higher in males, there was no significant difference in sex (P = 0.697). The frequency of ADHD in terms of age group also showed that there were no hyperactive children in the age group under 5 years of age; in the age group of 5–9 years old, 8 cases (28.6%); in the age group of 10 to 14 years old, 4 cases (19%); and in the age group of 15 and older, no one was diagnosed with ADHD. The chi-square test showed that the frequency of ADHD in terms of age group was not significantly different (P = 0.26). It should be noted that according to Pearson correlation test, there was a reverse correlation between the age and ADHD, but it was not statistically significant (P = 0.33).

Conclusions
The frequency of ADHD among boys and girls with celiac disease was 22.2% and 18.2%, respectively.
Incidence of post-procedure symptomatic urinary tract infection in children undergoing micturition cystourethrogram in the absence of antibiotic cover
Authors: Thanneeru Suresh Kumar , Ravindra Avinash Sriramapura , Toms Ann Sumin , Jacob Tarun John , Kurian Jujju Jacob 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Context
Prophylactic antibiotics are usually not recommended for an in and out catheterization. However procedures involving similar catheterizations like micturition cystourethrogram (MCUG) and cystometrogram are being performed under prophylactic antibiotic cover.

Aims
We aim to find the incidence of symptomatic urinary tract infections following MCUG done in children without antibiotic cover.

Settings and design
A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted on 398 patients who underwent MCUG from January 2015 to January 2016. The median age was 24 months and here were 272 males and 126 females, with 102 of them being infants.

Methods and material
Urine microscopy or culture was checked before performing the MCUG and only those without UTI were included in the study. Those with symptomatic and culture proven UTI within 2 weeks post-MCUG were defined as having post-procedure UTI (ppUTI). The incidence of post-procedure UTI was calculated and was compared with other studies.

Statistical analysis used
Data was entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS. Categorical variables were summarized as percentage and continuous variables were summarized as mean with standard deviation.

Results
Symptomatic procedure induced UTI were seen in only 3 of the 398 (0.75%) patients with a 95% CI of 0.02–0.008.

Conclusions
Strict adherence to aseptic precautions while performing an MCUG and prompt initiation of appropriate therapy when indicated may help obviate the need for routine administration of pre procedure antibiotics before MCUG.
Wilms’ tumor in low- and middle-income countries: survey of current practices, challenges, and priorities
Authors: Vu Megan Thuy , Shalkow Jaime , Naik-Mathuria Bindi , Qureshi Sajid S. , Ozgediz Doruk , Lakhoo Kokila , Abdelhafeez Hafeez ,   On behalf of the Pan African Paediatric Surgery Association (PAPSA) and Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery (GICS) initiative
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To identify the current practices and priorities in Wilms’ tumor management for surgeons in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods
One hundred thirty-seven pediatric surgeons from 44 countries completed surveys on Wilms’ tumor surgical strategy in LMIC. This survey was distributed through the Global Initiative for Children’s Surgery, Pan-African Pediatric Surgical Association, and Latin American Pediatric Surgical Oncology Group.

Results
Ninety-two respondents (67.2%) participated from 19 lower middle-income countries (43.2%). Twenty-one respondents (15.3%) participated from nine lower income countries (20.5%). Nineteen respondents (13.9%) participated from 13 upper middle-income countries (29.5%). Most providers do not obtain biopsy for suspected Wilms’ tumor (79%). Delayed resection after preoperative chemotherapy is the preferred approach (70%), which providers chose due to protocol (45%), to decrease tumor rupture (22%), and to decrease complications (8%). The providers’ goal was to prevent tumor spillage and upstaging (46%) or to prevent bleeding, complication, or other organ resections (21%). Most surgeons believed that upfront resection increased the risk of tumor spillage (72%).

Conclusion
Providers in LMICs prefer delayed resection after preoperative chemotherapy to reduce the incidence of tumor spillage and upstaging of Wilms’ tumor. An evidence-based guideline tailored to the LMIC context can be developed from these findings.
Congenital absence of the skin: a case series report
Authors: Redondo Sedano Jesús Vicente , Delgado Muñoz María Dolores , Gómez Sánchez Alicia , Proaño Landazuri Sara Monserrat , López Maestro María , Rodríguez Calvo Jesús , Castellano Yáñez Cecilia , Gómez Fraile Andrés , Marti Carrera María Eunate 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundExtracranial congenital skin defects, defined as aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), are a rare clinical entity. The form of presentation varies among patients according to the causal agent and the point during pregnancy at which the defect occurs. We present a series of cases of noncranial ACC, analysing its possible etiopathogenesis and the evolution of the lesions.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective review of cases of extracranial ACC at a tertiary hospital.Case presentationPatient 1 is a full-term newborn of a monochorionic diamniotic gestation with the death of one foetus at 14 weeks of gestational age. Physical examination revealed two skin defects located on the posterior aspect of both thoraco-abdominal flanks. Patient 2 is a full-term newborn presenting with an ulcer on the nasal tip and cephalic extension on a follow-up pregnancy ultrasound. Patient 3 is a full-term newborn of a monochorionic diamniotic gestation with twin feticide due to encephalocele, presenting an ulcer on the lateral aspect of the proximal third of her right leg. The gestation associates severe oligohydramnios due to premature rupture of the membranes and breech presentation. Patient 4 is a full-term newborn with an ulcer on the left antecubital fossa with no relevant gestational history.ConclusionThe analysis of the obstetric history and the clinical presentation of the lesions helps to guide the aetiopathogenic diagnosis of congenital skin defects. The increased intracompartment pressure in the limbs is related to the increased severity of skin lesions and musculoskeletal and nerve involvement. Conservative treatment is related to a good prognosis for the lesions.
Analysis of the needs and possibilities of using psychological help among the society
Authors: Gorecka Adrianna , Wieteska Małgorzata , Osial Natalia , Maj Dominik , Gorecka Dagmara 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Young people find themselves in stressful situations more and more frequently. Mental health and access to professional psychical help is necessary. Unfortunately, the availability of the psychologist's offices, as well as knowledge about mental health, is very limited.
Aim of the study
We aimed to check factors that cause stress and the access to psychological help in Poland.
Material and method
In order to analyze the issue, an Internet survey was prepared and disseminated in February and March 2022.
Results
Over 80% of respondents claimed that sometime in their life they needed psychological help, although the majority of them did not seek professional help. 41,1% of people who took part in the survey could get help from psychologists in their place of work or study, but over 83% of them did not seek help there. Everyday problems and situations in work, school or university were mentioned as the most stressful situations (63,7%). According to the respondents' opinion, problems with concentration and nervousness (80,6% and 76,6% respectively) due to stress have a negative influence on their health. 74,2% of young people consider themselves as not stress-resistant. The best option to deal with stress is to listen to music or to converse with their closest ones.
Conclusion
Everyone should have ensured good access to psychological help. There is a great demand for it, regardless of gender or age. Despite the need to see an expert, the majority of people do not ask for help.
Considerations on the consequences of stresses related to the challenges of professional and private life
Authors: Pruszyński Jacek , Pruszyńska Irena , Włodarczyk -Pruszyńska Inga 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There is a group of people for whom work is an important factor in building their self-esteem. Often, such people include workers from the group of “supportive” professions, which promote behaviours that increase the risk of addiction to work. The factors contributing to this are the constant rush along with the individual tendency for perpetual self-control and meticulous checking of each performed activity. People who are idealistic about their duties, set the bar high, take too much responsibility and at the same time have low self-esteem, fall into the trap of addiction more often. The inability to independently regulate the time of their work means that they are driven by a constant internal compulsion to perform work and to think about it, combined with the accompanying feeling of discomfort in situations when the ability to deal with matters related to work is limited. Burnout can be seen as a compensatory symptom that occurs when recognition and approval are not present in a person's life, and low self-esteem leads to an unrealistic pursuit of excellence, recognition and acceptance. A noticeable tell of burnout is the loss of features that usually characterize a person involved in their activities such as creativity, conscientious fulfilment of obligations, willingness to cooperate with others, communication skills, the ability to deal with stressful events and the ability to make independent decisions. The abovementioned skills are disrupted as a result of a number of mental, physical and behavioural changes associated with the burnout syndrome. Recovering from addiction requires complex therapy, improvement of interpersonal relationships and creation of an appropriate environment for functioning in professional and personal life.
Monitoring the lifetime risk of revision knee arthroplasty over a decade
Authors: Ackerman Ilana N. , Busija Ljoudmila , Lorimer Michelle , de Steiger Richard , Graves Stephen E. 
Published: May 2022

Aims This study aimed to describe the use of revision knee arthroplasty in Australia and examine changes in lifetime risk over a decade. Methods De-identified individual-level data on all revision knee arthroplasties performed in Australia from 2007 to 2017 were obtained from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry. Population data and life tables were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics. The lifetime risk of revision surgery was calculated for each year using a standardized formula. Separate calculations were undertaken for males and females. Results In total, 43,188 revision knee arthroplasty procedures were performed in Australia during the study period, with a median age at surgery of 69 years (interquartile range (IQR) 62 to 76). In 2017, revision knee arthroplasty rates were highest for males aged 70 to 79 years (102.9 procedures per 100,000 population). Lifetime risk of revision knee arthroplasty for females increased slightly from 1.61% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.53% to 1.69%) in 2007 to 2.22% (95% CI 2.13% to 2.31%) in 2017. A similar pattern was evident for males, with a lifetime risk of 1.43% (95% CI 1.36% to 1.51%) in 2007 and 2.02% (95% CI 1.93% to 2.11%) in 2017. A decline in procedures performed for loosening/lysis (from 41% in 2007 to 24% in 2017) and pain (from 14% to 9%) was evident, while infection became an increasingly common indication (from 19% in 2007 to 29% in 2017). Conclusion Well-validated national registry data can help us understand the epidemiology of revision knee arthroplasty, including changing clinical indications. Despite a small increase over a decade, the lifetime risk of revision knee arthroplasty in Australia is low at one in 45 females and one in 50 males. These methods offer a population-level approach to quantifying revision burden that can be used for ongoing national surveillance and between-country comparisons. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(5):613–619.