bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric study of reflectivity transmittance of materials for potential solar adsorption refrigeration system
Authors: Sowunmi A R 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
One of the most promising alternative energy sources has been recognized as solar energy. Solar energy may be utilized for electricity, solar thermal and power generation directly or indirectly. Sun adsorbing refrigeration systems require adsorbing qualities, which can be produced by concentrated solar energy collectors. Previous research has found that the collector components’ reflectivity transmittance is one of the characteristics that have a substantial impact on the performance of a solar adsorption refrigeration system. For the first time, the solar insolation of Reflectech mirror, a new solar concentration material was compared parametrically with three popular solar concentration materials (metallic film, aluminium film and polymer film) that have been used for solar adsorption application. The optimized simulation results revealed that employing Reflectech film in the design of the solar adsorption refrigerating system has the ability to reflect the maximum solar insolation of 144.5 W/m2 in comparison with metallic film with 119.75 W/m2, aluminium film with 100 W/m2 and polymer film with 68.67 W/m2. Thereby, implying that the Reflectech film has the potential of producing the highest system coefficient of performance than the other materials is under research for all periods under study.
Genetic relationships between efficiency traits and gut microbiota traits in growing pigs being fed with a conventional or a high-fiber diet
Authors: Déru V , Bouquet A , Zemb O , Blanchet B , De Almeida M L , Cauquil L , Carillier-Jacquin C , Gilbert H 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In pigs, the gut microbiota composition plays a major role in the process of digestion, but is influenced by many external factors, especially diet. To be used in breeding applications, genotype by diet interactions on microbiota composition have to be quantified, as well as their impact on genetic covariances with feed efficiency (FE) and digestive efficiency (DE) traits. This study aimed at determining the impact of an alternative diet on variance components of microbiota traits (genera and alpha diversity indices) and estimating genetic correlations between microbiota and efficiency traits for pigs fed a conventional (CO) or a high-fiber (HF) diet. Fecal microbes of 812 full-siblings fed a CO diet and 752 pigs fed the HF diet were characterized at 16 weeks of age by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 231 genera were identified. Digestibility coefficients of nitrogen, organic matter, and energy were predicted analyzing the same fecal samples with near infrared spectrometry. Daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio, residual feed intake and average daily gain (ADG) were also recorded. The 71 genera present in more than 20% of individuals were retained for genetic analyses. Heritability (h²) of microbiota traits were similar between diets (from null to 0.38 ± 0.12 in the CO diet and to 0.39 ± 0.12 in the HF diet). Only three out of the 24 genera and two alpha diversity indices with significant h² in both diets had genetic correlations across diets significantly different from 0.99 (P &lt; 0.05), indicating limited genetic by diet interactions for these traits. When both diets were analyzed jointly, 59 genera had h² significantly different from zero. Based on the genetic correlations between these genera and ADG, FE, and DE traits, three groups of genera could be identified. A group of 29 genera had abundances favorably correlated with DE and FE traits, 14 genera were unfavorably correlated with DE traits, and the last group of 16 genera had abundances with correlations close to zero with production traits. However, genera abundances favorably correlated with DE and FE traits were unfavorably correlated with ADG, and vice versa. Alpha diversity indices had correlation patterns similar to the first group. In the end, genetic by diet interactions on gut microbiota composition of growing pigs were limited in this study. Based on this study, microbiota-based traits could be used as proxies to improve FE and DE in growing pigs.
African Animal Trypanosomiasis: A Systematic Review on Prevalence, Risk Factors and Drug Resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Okello Ivy , Mafie Eliakunda , Eastwood Gillian , Nzalawahe Jahashi , Mboera Leonard E G 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) a parasitic disease of livestock in sub-Saharan Africa causing tremendous loses. Sub-Saharan continental estimation of mean prevalence in both large and small domestic animals, risk factors, tsetse and non-tsetse prevalence and drug resistance is lacking. A review and meta-analysis was done to better comprehend changes in AAT prevalence and drug resistance. Publish/Perish software was used to search and extract peer-reviewed articles in Google scholar, PubMed and CrossRef. In addition, ResearchGate and African Journals Online (AJOL) were used. Screening and selection of articles from 2000–2021 was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Articles 304 were retrieved; on domestic animals 192, tsetse and non-tsetse vectors 44, risk factors 49 and trypanocidal drug resistance 30. Prevalence varied by, host animals in different countries, diagnostic methods and species of Trypanosoma. Cattle had the highest prevalence with Ethiopia and Nigeria leading, T. congolense (11.80–13.40%) and T. vivax (10.50–18.80%) being detected most. This was followed by camels and pigs. Common diagnostic method used was buffy coat microscopy. However; polymerase chain reaction (PCR), CATT and ELISA had higher detection rates. G. pallidipes caused most infections in Eastern regions while G. palpalis followed by G. mortisans in Western Africa. Eastern Africa reported more non-tsetse biting flies with Stomoxys leading. Common risk factors were, body conditions, breed type, age, sex and seasons. Ethiopia and Nigeria had the highest trypanocidal resistance 30.00–35.00% and highest AAT prevalence. Isometamidium and diminazene showed more resistance with T. congolense being most resistant species 11.00–83.00%.
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5-mediated suppression of melatonin biosynthesis is alleviated by darkness and promotes cotyledon opening
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhou Fangfang , Liu Xuan , Zhang Haixia , Yan Tianci , Sun Yanzhao , Shi Kun , Zheng Xiaodong , Zhu Yunpeng , Shan Dongqian , Bai Yixue , Guo Yan , Kong Jin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) biosynthesis in plants is induced by darkness and high-intensity light; however, the underlying transcriptional mechanisms and upstream signalling pathways are unknown. We identified a dark-induced and highly expressed melatonin synthetase in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtSNAT6, encoding serotonin N-acetyltransferase. We assessed melatonin content and AtSNAT6 expression in mutants lacking key regulators of light/dark signalling. AtCOP1 (CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1) and AtHY5 (ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5), which control light/dark transition and photomorphogenesis, promoted and suppressed melatonin biosynthesis, respectively. Using EMSA and ChIP-qPCR analysis, we showed that AtHY5 inhibits AtSNAT6 expression directly. An analysis of melatonin content in snat6 hy5 double mutant and AtHY5+AtSNAT6-overexpressing plants confirmed the regulatory function of AtHY5 and AtSNAT6 in melatonin biosynthesis. Exogenous melatonin further inhibited cotyledon opening in hy5 mutant and AtSNAT6-overexpressing seedlings, but partially reversed the promotion of cotyledon opening in AtHY5-overexpressing seedlings and snat6. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of AtSNAT6 increased cotyledon opening in hy5 mutant, and overexpression of AtSNAT6 decreased cotyledon opening in AtHY5-overexpressing seedlings via changing melatonin biosynthesis, confirming that AtHY5 decreased melatonin-mediated inhibition of cotyledon opening. Our data provide new insights into the regulation of melatonin biosynthesis and its function in cotyledon opening.
Redshifts of radio sources in the Million Quasars Catalogue from machine learning
Authors: Curran S J , Moss J P , Perrott Y C 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
With the aim of using machine learning techniques to obtain photometric redshifts based upon a source’s radio spectrum alone, we have extracted the radio sources from the Million Quasars Catalogue. Of these, 44 119 have a spectroscopic redshift, required for model validation, and for which photometry could be obtained. Using the radio spectral properties as features, we fail to find a model which can reliably predict the redshifts, although there is the suggestion that the models improve with the size of the training sample. Using the near-infrared–optical–ultraviolet bands magnitudes, we obtain reliable predictions based on the 12  503 radio sources which have all of the required photometry. From the 80:20 training–validation split, this gives only 2501 validation sources, although training the sample upon our previous SDSS model gives comparable results for all 12 503 sources. This makes us confident that SkyMapper, which will survey southern sky in the u, v, g, r, i, z bands, can be used to predict the redshifts of radio sources detected with the Square Kilometre Array. By using machine learning to impute the magnitudes missing from much of the sample, we can predict the redshifts for 32 698 sources, an increase from 28 to 74 per cent of the sample, at the cost of increasing the outlier fraction by a factor of 1.4. While the ‘optical’ band data prove successful, at this stage we cannot rule out the possibility of a radio photometric redshift, given sufficient data which may be necessary to overcome the relatively featureless radio spectra.
Thermal luminosity degeneracy of magnetized neutron stars with and without hyperon cores
Authors: Anzuini F , Melatos A , Dehman C , Viganò D , Pons J A 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The dissipation of intense crustal electric currents produces high Joule heating rates in cooling neutron stars. Here, it is shown that Joule heating can counterbalance fast cooling, making it difficult to infer the presence of hyperons (which accelerate cooling) from measurements of the observed thermal luminosity Lγ. Models with and without hyperon cores match Lγ of young magnetars (with poloidal–dipolar field Bdip ≳ 1014 G at the polar surface and Lγ ≳ 1034 erg s−1 at t ≲ 105 yr) as well as mature, moderately magnetized stars (with Bdip ≲ 1014 G and 1031 erg s−1 ≲ Lγ ≲ 1032 erg s−1 at t ≳ 105 yr). In magnetars, the crustal temperature is almost independent of hyperon direct Urca cooling in the core, regardless of whether the latter is suppressed or not by hyperon superfluidity. The thermal luminosities of light magnetars without hyperons and heavy magnetars with hyperons have Lγ in the same range and are almost indistinguishable. Likewise, Lγ data of neutron stars with Bdip ≲ 1014 G but with strong internal fields are not suitable to extract information about the equation of state as long as hyperons are superfluid, with maximum amplitude of the energy gaps of the order ≈1 MeV.
Reverse shock forming condition for magnetized relativistic outflows: reconciling theories and simulations
Authors: Ma Jing-Ze , Zhang Bing 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Reverse shock (RS) emission can be used to probe the properties of the relativistic ejecta, especially the degree of magnetization σ, in gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows. However, there has been confusion in the literature regarding the physical condition for the RS formation, and the role of magnetic fields in the RS dynamics in the Poynting-flux-dominated regime is not fully understood. Exploiting the shock jump conditions, we characterize the properties of a magnetized RS. We compare the RS dynamics and forming conditions from different theories and numerical simulations, and reconcile the discrepancies among them. The strict RS forming condition is found to be $\sigma \lt \sigma _\mathrm{cr}=(8/3)\gamma _4^2(n_1/n_4)$, where n4 and n1 are the rest-frame number densities of the ejecta and the ambient medium, respectively, γ4 is the bulk Lorentz factor, and σcr is the critical magnetization. Contrary to previous claims, we prove that this condition agrees with other theoretical and simulated results, which can be further applied to the setup and consistency check of future numerical simulations. Using this condition, we propose a characteristic radius for RS formation, and categorize the magnetized shell into three regimes: ‘thick shell’ (relativistic RS), ‘thin shell’ (trans-relativistic RS), and ‘no RS’ regimes. The critical magnetization σcr is generally below unity for thin shells, but can potentially reaches ∼100–1000 in the ‘thick shell’ regime. Our results could be applied to the dynamical evolution of Poynting-flux-dominated ejecta, with potential applications to self-consistent light-curve modelling of magnetized relativistic outflows.
A new galaxy spectral energy distribution model consistent with the evolution of dust
Authors: Nishida Kazuki Y , Takeuchi Tsutomu T , Nagata Takuma , Asano Ryosuke S 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The spectral energy distribution (SED) of galaxies provides fundamental information on the related physical processes. However, the SED is significantly affected by dust in its interstellar medium. Dust is mainly produced by asymptotic giant branch stars and Type II supernovae. In addition, the dust mass increases through the metal accretion, and the grain size changes by the collisions between the grains. The contribution of each process and the extinction depend on the size distribution. Therefore, the SED model should treat the evolution of the dust mass and size distribution. In spite of the importance of dust evolution, many previous SED models have not considered the evolution of the total mass and size distribution in a physically consistent manner. In this work, we constructed a new radiative transfer SED model, based on our dust evolution model consistent with the chemical evolution. To reduce the computational cost, we adopted the mega-grain and the 1D plane-parallel galaxy approximation. As a fiducial case, we calculated Milky Way-like galaxy SEDs at various ages under the closed-box model. We found that a galaxy at the age of 100 Myr does not produce small grains such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. After 1 Gyr, we observed a drastic increase of infrared emission and attenuation caused by a rapid increase of dust mass. This phenomenon can be treated appropriately for the first time by our new model. This model can be used for the SED fitting to a galaxy at any stage of evolution.
NuSTAR discovery of a cyclotron line in GRO J1750-27
Authors: Devaraj Ashwin , Paul Biswajit 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
GRO J1750-27, discovered during an outburst in 1995 with CGRO-BATSE, is one of the farthest known Galactic Be/X-ray binary systems. This relatively poorly studied system recently went into an outburst in September 2021. The source was observed during the latest outburst using the NuSTAR telescope during the rising phase of the outburst. We estimate the spin period of the source to be 4.45 s using which we produced energy-resolved pulse profiles between 3 and 65 keV. We find that the profile is double-peaked at low energies (&lt;18 keV), while evolving into a single peak at higher energies (&gt;18 keV). The broad-band spectrum of this source was fitted well with a high energy cutoff power-law model and we report the discovery of a cyclotron resonant scattering feature (CRSF) in this source at 43 keV, indicating a magnetic field strength of 3.7 × 1012 G. Our estimate of the magnetic field strength, using the cyclotron line, is consistent with the estimates made earlier using the accretion torque model from measurements of spin-up rates and fluxes during the previous outbursts.
Linearity: galaxy formation encounters an unanticipated empirical relation
Authors: Lovas Stephen 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Measurements from galaxies spanning a broad range of morphology reveal a linear scaling of enclosed dark to luminous mass that is not anticipated by standard galaxy formation cosmology. The linear scaling is found to extend from the inner galactic region to the outermost data point. Uncertainties in the linear relation are narrow, with rms = 0.31 and σ = 0.31. It is unclear what would produce this linearity of enclosed dark to luminous mass. Baryonic processes are challenged to account for the linear scaling, and no dark matter candidate possesses a property that would result in a linear relation. The linear scaling may indicate new dark matter candidates, or an astrophysical process beyond the standard galaxy formation theory.
Acute Tubular Necrosis and Thrombocytopenia Associated With Rifampin Use: Case Report and Review
Authors: Smith Emma L , Bywater Laura , Pellicano Rebecca , Jenkin Grant A , Korman Tony M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A case of rifampin-induced acute tubular necrosis requiring hemodialysis in a patient receiving thrice-weekly rifampin with daily dapsone for retreatment of relapsed Hansen’s disease is reported. The patient had positive rifampin-dependent antiplatelet antibodies. Case reports of acute renal failure associated with the use of rifampin are summarized.
La planification du congé du nouveau-né prématuré
Authors: Anderson Nicole , Narvey Michael 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
« Quand vais-je pouvoir emmener mon bébé à la maison? » C’est l’une des principales questions que posent les parents des nouveau-nés prématurés admis en soins intensifs néonatals. Bien que le séjour hospitalier varie en fonction de l’âge gestationnel à la naissance et de l’atteinte de la « maturité physiologique », le présent document de principes contient des conseils sur le congé sécuritaire des nouveau-nés venus au monde avant 37 semaines d’âge gestationnel. Le processus de congé devrait commencer au moment de l’admission en soins intensifs néonatals et comporter un plan d’évaluation des marqueurs physiologiques, y compris la thermorégulation, le contrôle de la respiration, la stabilité respiratoire et la prise de poids appropriée démontrant la capacité à s’alimenter. Fait important, l’unité familiale du nouveau-né fait partie intégrante de l’équipe soignante. La participation de l’unité familiale pendant le séjour en soins intensifs néonatals favorisera la confiance, réduira l’anxiété, accroîtra la résilience et contribuera à garantir un milieu sécuritaire au congé.
miR778 mediates gene expression, histone modification, and DNA methylation during cyst nematode parasitism
Authors: Bennett Morgan , Piya Sarbottam , Baum Thomas J , Hewezi Tarek 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Despite the known critical regulatory functions of microRNAs, histone modifications, and DNA methylation in reprograming plant epigenomes in response to pathogen infection, the molecular mechanisms underlying the tight coordination of these components remain poorly understood. Here, we show how Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) miR778 coordinately modulates the root transcriptome, histone methylation, and DNA methylation via post-transcriptional regulation of the H3K9 methyltransferases SU(var)3-9 homolog 5 (SUVH5) and SUVH6 upon infection by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. miR778 post-transcriptionally silences SUVH5 and SUVH6 upon nematode infection. Manipulation of the expression of miR778 and its two target genes significantly altered plant susceptibility to H. schachtii. RNA-seq analysis revealed a key role of SUVH5 and SUVH6 in reprograming the transcriptome of Arabidopsis roots upon H. schachtii infection. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-seq analysis established SUVH5 and SUVH6 as the main enzymes mediating H3K9me2 deposition in Arabidopsis roots in response to nematode infection. ChIP-seq analysis also showed that these methyltransferases possess distinct DNA binding preferences in that they are targeting transposable elements under noninfected conditions and protein-coding genes in infected plants. Further analyses indicated that H3K9me2 deposition directed by SUVH5 and SUVH6 contributes to gene expression changes both in roots and in nematode feeding sites and preferentially associates with CG DNA methylation. Together, our results uncovered multi-layered epigenetic regulatory mechanisms coordinated by miR778 during Arabidopsis–H. schachtii interactions.
Coupled effects of soil drying and salinity on soil–plant hydraulics
Authors: Abdalla Mohanned , Ahmed Mutez Ali , Cai Gaochao , Zarebanadkauki Mohsen , Carminati Andrea 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Salinity and soil drying are expected to induce salt accumulation at the root–soil interface of transpiring plants. However, the consequences of this on the relationship between transpiration rate (E) and leaf xylem water potential (ψleaf-x) are yet to be quantified. Here, we used a noninvasive root pressure chamber to measure the E(ψleaf-x) relationship of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) treated with (saline) or without 100-mM NaCl (nonsaline conditions). The results were reproduced and interpreted with a soil–plant hydraulic model. Under nonsaline conditions, the E(ψleaf-x) relationship became progressively more nonlinear as the soil dried (θ ≤ 0.13 cm3 cm−3, ψsoil = −0.08 MPa or less). Under saline conditions, plants exhibited an earlier nonlinearity in the E(ψleaf-x) relationship (θ ≤ 0.15 cm3 cm−3, ψsoil =  −0.05 MPa or less). During soil drying, salinity induced a more negative ψleaf-x at predawn, reduced transpiration rate, and caused a reduction in root hydraulic conductance (from 1.48 × 10−6 to 1.30 × 10−6 cm3 s−1 hPa−1). The model suggested that the marked nonlinearity was caused by salt accumulation at the root surface and the consequential osmotic gradients. In dry soil, most water potential dissipation occurred in the bulk soil and rhizosphere rather than inside the plant. Under saline-dry conditions, the loss in osmotic potential at the root surface was the preeminent component of the total dissipation. The physical model of water flow and solute transport supports the hypothesis that a buildup of osmotic potential at the root–soil interface causes a large drop in ψleaf-x and limits transpiration rate under drought and salinity.