bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effective land cover classification for remote sensing images
Authors: Li Dongwei , Wang Shuliang , He Qiang , Yang Yun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLand cover maps are of vital importance to various fields such as land use policy development, ecosystem services, urban planning and agriculture monitoring, which are mainly generated from remote sensing image classification techniques. Traditional land cover classification usually needs tremendous computational resources, which often becomes a huge burden to the remote sensing community. Undoubtedly cloud computing is one of the best choices for land cover classification, however, if not managed properly, the computation cost on the cloud could be surprisingly high. Recently, cutting the unnecessary computation long tail has become a promising solution for saving cost in the cloud. For land cover classification, it is generally not necessary to achieve the best accuracy and 85% can be regarded as a reliable land cover classification. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a framework for cost-effective remote sensing classification. Given the desired accuracy, the clustering algorithm can stop early for cost-saving whilst achieving sufficient accuracy for land cover image classification. Experimental results show that achieving 85%-99.9% accuracy needs only 27.34%-60.83% of the total cloud computation cost for achieving a 100% accuracy. To put it into perspective, for the US land cover classification example, the proposed approach can save over $1,593,490.18 for the government in each single-use when the desired accuracy is 90%.
Using mixed methods to establish tobacco treatment acceptability from the perspective of clients and clinicians of antenatal substance use services
Authors: Jackson Melissa A. , Buykx Penny , Brown Amanda L. , Baker Amanda L. , Dunlop Adrian J. , Gould Gillian S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Up to 95% of pregnant women with alcohol and other drug (AOD) problems also smoke tobacco. Challenging psychosocial circumstances and a lack of targeted tobacco interventions contribute to low rates of prenatal abstinence and more effective treatment strategies are required. This study explores smoking in pregnant clients of AOD treatment services from a consumer and healthcare provider perspective to examine characteristics of behaviour change and the acceptability of evidence-based tobacco treatment strategies. Outcomes will support the design and implementation of a comprehensive tobacco intervention.

Methods
A mixed methods triangulated design was used. Thirteen women who smoked and attended antenatal AOD services in New South Wales, Australia, were interviewed and 28 clinicians from the same services were surveyed. Domains including experiences of tobacco smoking in pregnancy, motivators and barriers to cessation and evidence-based strategies to assist cessation during pregnancy were explored. Interviews were analysed using Iterative Categorization, with interpretation guided by Qualitative Description. Online surveys were analysed descriptively. A convergent-parallel mixed methods analysis was performed.

Results
Women and clinicians agreed that improving baby’s health outcomes was the primary motivation to stop smoking. Negative experiences with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), financial constraints and maternal contraindications restricted its uptake and effectiveness during pregnancy. Both groups agreed that other AOD use, stopping multiple substances concurrently, difficulty coping with stress and the influence of partners who smoke had the biggest impacts on cessation efforts. Clinicians favoured harm-reduction rather than abstinence-based tobacco interventions and women appeared satisfied with reduction efforts. Both views may influence the attainment of prenatal abstinence-based goals. Although previous evidence suggested the contrary, clinicians were willing to encourage simultaneous cessation of tobacco and other substances. Non-judgmental treatment approaches that provide extra support, education and motivation were important for women. Women and clinicians supported use of NRT despite concerns. Financial incentives, counselling, partner support and offering tobacco treatment with antenatal AOD care were considered acceptable treatment options.

Conclusions
NRT, incentives, counselling and partner support could be utilized in a tobacco intervention for pregnant women with substance use concerns. Non-judgmental education, motivation, and provision of NRT including instruction for correct use are important considerations.
Surgical margins of the oral cavity: Is 5 mm really necessary?
Authors: Fowler James , Campanile Yael , Warner Andrew , Laxague Francisco , Fnais Naif , Fung Kevin , Mendez Adrian , MacNeil Danielle , Yoo John , Palma David , Nichols Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Background Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Primary treatment involves surgical resection of the tumour with a surrounding margin. Historically, the most commonly accepted margin clearance is 5 mm. This distance is controversial, with recent publications suggesting closer margins do not impact local recurrence and survival. The objective of this study is to determine the closest surgical margin that does not impact local recurrence and overall survival. Methods A retrospective review of the London Health Sciences Centre Head and Neck Multidisciplinary Clinic between 2010 and 2018 was performed. Demographic data, subsite, tumour staging, treatment modality, margins, and survival outcomes were analyzed. The primary endpoint was local recurrence free survival. Secondary endpoints included recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Descriptive statistics, as well as univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modelling were performed for all patients. Results Four-hundred and twelve patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 3.3 years. On univariable analysis, positive margins and margins < 1 mm were associated with significantly worse local recurrence-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival ( p < 0.05), compared to margins > 5 mm. Patients with surgical margins > 1 mm experienced similar outcomes to those with margins > 5 mm. Multivariable analysis identified age of diagnosis, alcohol consumption, pathological tumour and nodal category as predictors of local recurrence free survival. Conclusions Although historical margins for head and neck surgery are 5 mm, similar outcomes were observed for margins greater than 1 mm in our cohort. These findings require validation through multi-institutional collaborative efforts. Graphical Abstract
Prone positioning in ARDS patients supported with VV ECMO, what we should explore?
Authors: Zhang Hongling , Liu Zhengdong , Shu Huaqing , Yu Yuan , Yang Xiaobo , Li Ruiting , Xu Jiqian , Zou Xiaojing , Shang You 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a prevalent cause of admittance to intensive care units, is associated with high mortality. Prone positioning has been proven to improve the outcomes of moderate to severe ARDS patients owing to its physiological effects. Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) will be considered in patients with severe hypoxemia. However, for patients with severe hypoxemia supported with VV ECMO, the potential effects and optimal strategies of prone positioning remain unclear. This review aimed to present these controversial questions and highlight directions for future research.

Main body
The clinically significant benefit of prone positioning and early VV ECMO alone was confirmed in patients with severe ARDS. However, a number of questions regarding the combination of VV ECMO and prone positioning remain unanswered. We discussed the potential effects of prone positioning on gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, hemodynamics, and outcomes. Strategies to achieve optimal outcomes, including indications, timing, duration, and frequency of prone positioning, as well as the management of respiratory drive during prone positioning sessions in ARDS patients receiving VV ECMO, are challenging and controversial. Additionally, whether and how to implement prone positioning according to ARDS phenotypes should be evaluated. Lung morphology monitored by computed tomography, lung ultrasound, or electrical impedance tomography might be a potential indication to make an individualized plan for prone positioning therapy in patients supported with VV ECMO.

Conclusion
For patients with ARDS supported with VV ECMO, the potential effects of prone positioning have yet to be clarified. Ensuring an optimal strategy, especially an individualized plan for prone positioning therapy during VV ECMO, is particularly challenging and requires further research.
Nutritional needs of children with disabilities in the UAE: understanding predictors and mediators of nutritional knowledge and practices
Authors: Opoku Maxwell Peprah , Moustafa Ashraf , Anwahi Noora , Elhoweris Hala , Alkatheeri Fatima , Alhosani Najwa , Alameri Anwar , Belbase Shashidhar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
There is a high estimated prevalence of obesity and poor eating habits among children with disabilities. Unfortunately, the extent of parental and teachers’ awareness of the dietary needs and nutritional requirements of children with disabilities has been understudied. This study aims to explore the predictors and mediators of nutritional knowledge and practices among parents and teachers of children with disabilities in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) using Nutbeam’s hierarchical health literacy model as a framework to test three hypotheses.

Methods
A total of 149 parents and teachers were recruited from rehabilitation centres in two of the seven Emirates in the UAE. The revised Food and Nutritional Literacy Scale (FNLIT) was used for data collection. The revised scale was validated and its reliability was assessed using SPSS and AMOS version 28 to compute exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modelling (confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis), respectively.

Results
The results confirmed a four-factor structure for FNLIT, and all three hypotheses were supported by the study findings. We confirmed a relationship between understanding and practical nutritional skills (Hypothesis I), and found that two practical nutritional skills, functional and interactive, combined to predict the understanding of nutritional needs of children with disabilities (Hypothesis II). Hypothesis III was partially supported in that participant type mediated the relationship between functional, interactive, and understanding factors. The convergent and discriminant validities of the scale were confirmed, and path analysis showed the ability of practical skills to predict knowledge.

Conclusion
The study concludes on the need for public education on nutritional needs as well as developing the capacity of teachers and parents to implement appropriate eating programmes for children with disabilities.
Accelerating skin regeneration and wound healing by controlled ROS from photodynamic treatment
Authors: Khorsandi Khatereh , Hosseinzadeh Reza , Esfahani HomaSadat , Zandsalimi Kavosh , Shahidi Fedora Khatibi , Abrahamse Heidi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCellular metabolisms produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are essential for cellular signaling pathways and physiological functions. Nevertheless, ROS act as “double-edged swords” that have an unstable redox balance between ROS production and removal. A little raise of ROS results in cell proliferation enhancement, survival, and soft immune responses, while a high level of ROS could lead to cellular damage consequently protein, nucleic acid, and lipid damages and finally cell death. ROS play an important role in various pathological circumstances. On the contrary, ROS can show selective toxicity which is used against cancer cells and pathogens. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is based on three important components including a photosensitizer (PS), oxygen, and light. Upon excitation of the PS at a specific wavelength, the PDT process begins which leads to ROS generation. ROS produced during PDT could induce two different pathways. If PDT produces control and low ROS, it can lead to cell proliferation and differentiation. However, excess production of ROS by PDT causes cellular photo damage which is the main mechanism used in cancer treatment. This review summarizes the functions of ROS in living systems and describes role of PDT in production of controllable ROS and finally a special focus on current ROS-generating therapeutic protocols for regeneration and wound healing.
Self-accelerating solitons
Authors: Malomed Boris A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Basic models which give rise to one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) solitons, such as the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equations for BEC, feature the Galilean invariance, which makes it possible to generate families of moving solitons from quiescent ones. A challenging problem is to find models admitting stable self-accelerating (SA) motion of solitons. SA modes are known in linear systems in the form of Airy waves, but they are poorly localized states. This brief review presents two-component BEC models which make it possible to predict SA solitons. In one system, a pair of interacting 1D solitons with opposite signs of the effective mass is created in a binary BEC trapped in an optical-lattice potential. In that case, opposite interaction forces, acting on the solitons with positive and negative masses, produce equal accelerations, while the total momentum is conserved. The second model is based on a system of GP equations for two atomic components, which are resonantly coupled by a microwave field. The latter model produces an exact transformation to an accelerating references frame, thus predicting 1D and 2D stable SA solitons, including vortex rings.
Appropriate Use of Telehealth Visits in Endocrinology: Policy Perspective of the Endocrine Society
Authors: Vimalananda Varsha G , Brito Juan P , Eiland Leslie A , Lal Rayhan A , Maraka Spyridoula , McDonnell Marie E , Narla Radhika R , Roth Mara Y , Crossen Stephanie S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective
This work aims to guide clinicians practicing endocrinology in the use of telehealth (synchronous patient-clinician visits conducted over video or telephone) for outpatient care.

Participants
The Endocrine Society convened a 9-member panel of US endocrinologists with expertise in telehealth clinical care, telehealth operations, patient-centered care, health care delivery research, and/or evidence-based medicine.

Evidence
The panel conducted a literature search to identify studies published since 2000 about telehealth in endocrinology. One member extracted a list of factors affecting the quality of endocrine care via telehealth from the extant literature. The panel grouped these factors into 5 domains: clinical, patient, patient-clinician relationship, clinician, and health care setting and technology.

Consensus Process
For each domain, 2 or 3 members drew on existing literature and their expert opinions to draft a section examining the effect of the domain’s component factors on the appropriateness of telehealth use within endocrine practice. Appropriateness was evaluated in the context of the 6 Institute of Medicine aims for health care quality: patient-centeredness, equity, safety, effectiveness, timeliness, and efficiency. The panel held monthly virtual meetings to discuss and revise each domain. Two members wrote the remaining sections and integrated them with the domains to create the full policy perspective, which was reviewed and revised by all members.

Conclusions
Telehealth has become a common care modality within endocrinology. This policy perspective summarizes the factors determining telehealth appropriateness in various patient care scenarios. Strategies to increase the quality of telehealth care are offered. More research is needed to develop a robust evidence base for future guideline development.
Acute Development of a Traumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Due to a Fracture of the Clivus
Authors: Nishihiro Shingo , Ichikawa Tomotsugu , Takahashi Yu , Tsuyuguchi Yuta , Hirata Yuichi , Kuramoto Satoshi , Ono Yasuhiro , Goda Yuji , Kawauchi Masamitsu 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are uncommon and are mostly located in the anterior circulation. Aneurysms involving the posterior circulation are extremely rare and account for less than 10% of traumatic aneurysms. In this study, we describe an extremely rare case of a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery due to a fracture of the clivus that ruptured in the acute stage after blunt brain injury and that was successfully cured endovascularly.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A 68-year-old man presented with loss of consciousness because of a severe subarachnoid hemorrhage and multiple contusions after blunt brain injury. Angiography the day after trauma revealed a traumatic pseudoaneurysm near the clivus fracture that had not been identified on the first day of trauma. The aneurysm's location was consistent with the location of the increased thick subarachnoid hemorrhage. The aneurysm was successfully occluded endovascularly through posterior inferior cerebellar artery parent artery occlusion. The patient survived the acute stage because of management that included endovascular treatment followed by decompressive craniectomy.

CONCLUSION:
A traumatic pseudoaneurysm that is likely to rupture due to the fragility of the aneurysm wall can be identified within 1 day after trauma. Neurosurgeons should pay careful attention to the aneurysm formation and perform early treatment to prevent its rupture, which could lead to a fatal hemorrhage.
Dysregulation of integrin αvβ3 and α5β1 impedes migration of placental endothelial cells in fetal growth restriction
Authors: Gumina Diane L. , Ji Shuhan , Flockton Amanda , McPeak Kathryn , Stich Dominik , Moldovan Radu , Su Emily J. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Placentas from pregnancies complicated by severe early-onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) exhibit diminished vascular development mediated by impaired angiogenesis, but underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we show that FGR endothelial cells demonstrate inherently reduced migratory capacity despite the presence of fibronectin, a matrix protein abundant in placental stroma that displays abnormal organization in FGR placentas. Thus, we hypothesized that aberrant endothelial-fibronectin interactions in FGR are a key mechanism underlying impaired FGR endothelial migration. Using human fetoplacental endothelial cells isolated from uncomplicated term control and FGR pregnancies, we assessed integrin α5β1 and αvβ3 regulation during cell migration. We show that endothelial integrin α5β1 and αvβ3 interactions with fibronectin are required for migration and that FGR endothelial cells responded differentially to integrin inhibition, indicating integrin dysregulation in FGR. Whole-cell expression was not different between groups. However, there were significantly more integrins in focal adhesions and reduced intracellular trafficking in FGR. These newly identified changes in FGR endothelial cellular processes represent previously unidentified mechanisms contributing to persistent angiogenic deficiencies in FGR.
Acidic Devinylation of Nickel Chlorophyll Derivatives
Authors: Hisayasu Takumi , Hara Nobuyuki , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A nickel(II) complex of methyl pyropheophorbide-a bearing a vinyl group at the 3-position was treated with methanesulfonic acid in refluxing benzene to give smoothly the corresponding 3-devinylated product. The 7- and 8-vinyl groups in the related chlorophyll-a/b derivatives were readily removed under the same conditions, while the 12-vinyl group neighboring the electron-withdrawing 13-keto carbonyl moiety was hardly defunctionalized. The devinylations blue-shifted all the visible absorption bands in dichloromethane. The deethylation at the 3-position bathochromically moved the redmost Qy maximum, and the dealkylations at the 7-, 8-, and 12-positions hypsochromically moved the Qy(0,0) maxima, which were reproduced by time-dependent density functional theory calculation. Since no vinyl periphery in the free base counterparts was removed under the mild conditions, nickel 3-unsubstituted deoxophylloerythroporphyrin in geological samples would be produced via the nickel metalation of chlorophylls-a/b/c from ancient phototrophs or their derivatives followed by the acidic 3-devinylation.
COVID-protected pathways for image-guided lung cancer intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cohort study
Authors: Sheeka Alexander , Singaravelou Ajay , Bartlett Emily , Sivarasan Nishanth , Rawal Bhavin , Devaraj Anand , Desai Sujal , Padley Simon , Ridge Carole A 
Published: October 2022

Objectives:
To compare the experience of COVID-protected and mixed cohort pathways in COVID-19 transmission at a tertiary referral hospital for elective CT-guided lung biopsy and ablation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
From September 2020 to August 2021, patients admitted for elective thoracic intervention were treated at a tertiary hospital (Site 1). Site 1 received patients for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and invasive ventilation in the treatment of COVID-19. Shared imaging, theater, and hallway facilities were used.
From April 2020 to August 2020, patients admitted for elective thoracic intervention were treated at a COVID-protected hospital (Site 2). No patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 were treated at Site 2.
Patients were surveyed for clinical and laboratory signs of COVID-19 infection up to 30 days post-procedure.

Results:
At Sites 1 and 2, patients (2.4%) were tested positive for COVID-19 at 10 and 14 days post-procedure.
At Site 2, there were no COVID-19 positive cases within 30 days of undergoing elective thoracic intervention.

Conclusion:
A mixed-site method for infection control could represent a pragmatic approach to the management of elective procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic or for similar illnesses.

Advances in knowledge:
Mixed-cohort infection control is possible in the prevention of nosocomial COVID-19 infection.
Delegation Decisions in Finance
Authors: Holzmeister Felix , Holmén Martin , Kirchler Michael , Stefan Matthias , Wengström Erik 
Published: October 2022

Based on an online experiment with a sample of finance professionals and participants from the general population (acting as clients), we examine drivers and motives of clients’ choices to delegate investment decisions to agents. We find that clients favor delegation to investment algorithms, followed by delegation to finance professionals compensated with an aligned incentive scheme, and lastly to finance professionals receiving a fixed payment for investing on behalf of others. We show that trust in investment algorithms or finance professionals, and clients’ propensity to shift blame on others increase the likelihood of delegation, whereas clients’ own decision-making quality is associated with a decrease in delegation frequency.This paper was accepted by Bruno Biais, finance.Funding: This work was supported by Austrian Science Fund [Grants SFB F63 and Y617-G11], Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council) [Grant 2015-01713], and Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian National Bank) [Grant 17788]. M. Holmén and E. Wengström acknowledge funding from the Swedish House of Finance.Supplemental Material: Data and the online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4555 .