bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of big data in psychiatry – the role of pharmacy registries
Authors: Gonçalves-Pinho M. , Ribeiro J.P. , Freitas A. , Mota P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAdministrative databases (AD) are repositories of administrative and clinical data related to patient contact episodes with all sorts of health facilities (primary care, hospitals, pharmacies,…).The large number of patients/contact episodes with pharmaceutical facilities available, the systematic and broad register and the fact that AD provides Real-world data are some of the pros in using AD data.ObjectivesTo perform a narrative review on the role of Big Data pharmaceutical registries in Mental Health research.MethodsWe conducted a narrative review using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases in order to analyse current literature regarding the role of BigData pharmaceutical registries in Mental Health Research.ResultsAdministrative variables like drug names and prices may be used and linked to other clinical variables such as patients disease, in-hospital mortality, length of stay,(…). The use of electronic medical records may also contribute to systematic surveillance approaches like local or national pharmacovigilance strategies, identification of patients at risk of developing complications and software pop-up warnings related to medication dosage, duplication and lateral effects. The use of Big Data pharmaceutical registries allows to create predictive epidemiological models regarding drugs lateral effects or interactions and may help to perform pharmacovigilance phase 4 clinical trials. Its use may be applied to the optimization of clinical decision, monitoring of drug adverse events, drug cost and administrative monitoring and as surrogate measures of quality care indicators.ConclusionsBig Data use in pharmaceutical registries allows to collect large and important clinical and administrative data that may be later used in Mental Health care and research.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Efficacy of armodafinil on reducing excessive sleepiness in patients with shift work disorder: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Correia J. , Silva P. , Mendes F. , Ferreira A.R. , Fernandes L. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction
Previous studies have demonstrated that night-shift work is associated with adverse effects impacting physical and psychological health, including the Shift Work Disorder (SWD). SWD is a circadian rhythm disorder characterized by sleepiness and insomnia, resulting from working a shift other than the traditional daytime-shift. Armodafinil, a modafinil longer-lasting R-isomer, is approved for SWD treatment. Due to its pharmacodynamic profile, it may result in more sustained wakefulness during night-shifts than Modafinil.ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of Armodafinil vs Modafinil and/or placebo on reducing SWD excessive sleepiness.Methods
Will follow PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search will be conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. RCTs comparing Armodafinil with Modafinil and/or Placebo for SWD treatment will be included. No language nor date restrictions will be applied. Outcomes of interest are prespecified as follows: the primary endpoint will be objective sleepiness; secondary endpoints will include subjective sleepiness, adverse effects, awareness, reaction time, memory and cognition. Retrieved studies will be independently screened for eligibility by two reviewers. Disagreements will be solved by consensus or by a third reviewer. Primary studies methodological quality will be assessed and data extracted independently using a standardized extraction-form.ResultsData will be described and reported as narrative text and summary tables. Heterogeneity of the included studies will be assessed and, if possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted.ConclusionsIt is expected that this systematic review and meta-analysis favours Armodafinil over Modafinil and placebo in the treatment of SWD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Paraphrenia phantastica. A case report
Authors: Mata A. Hernández , Gómez A. Sotillos , Coscujuela P. Marco , Zulueta R. Pinilla 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionParaphrenia is a classic diagnostic entity characterized by an insidious development of a vivid and exuberant delusional system, more or less systematized, hallucinations and confabulations.ObjectivesIncrease knowledge about paraphrenia, a classic diagnosis that no longer appears on international classifications.MethodsExtensive research on the historical path of the paraphrenia diagnostic entity was carried out. Patient’s data is obtained from medical history and psychiatric interviews done during her hospitalizations.Results68 year-old patient attended the hospital emergency service due to a demonic possession delusion that emerged when she was 44 year-old, when she first consulted a psychiatrist because she believed someone introduced the demon inside her body. She described kinesthetic hallucinations as “movements of her brain” and an intense headache, both originated by the demon; as well as other types of hallucinations and confabulations. However, there was no deterioration in her personaliy or her intellectual capacity, as it could have been seen in a case of schizophrenia. This clinical case is considered a paraphrenia phantastica as it presents the typical features raised by the classic authors (mainly Henry Ey): paralogical thought dominance, megalomania, confabulation and integrity of relation with reality.ConclusionsCurrent internacional classifications do not consider paraphrenia as a differentiated diagnostic entity, as it also occurs with other classical entities. This causes a loss of important tools that would achieve a better approach to the patient’s condition.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Neurocognitive function in patients with negative thought disorders
Authors: Fateev I. , Omelchenko M. , Pluzhnikov I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNegative thought disorders are found in various diagnoses in clinical practice. These symptoms may show a possible psychosis continuum and may be taken into account when assessing schizophrenic risk. Neurocognitive functioning of patients with negative thought disorders need to be clarified.ObjectivesAim of the study is to identify and validate the differences of executive functions between patients with negative thought disorders and patients without thought disorders.MethodsUsed a standardized neuropsychological test battery. There were 15 patients with negative thought disorders (affective disorders, personality disorders, schizophrenic spectrum disorders) and 18 patients with depressive episode without thought disorders in the research. Patients aged 17-25 years. The Mann–Whitney U test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.ResultsSignificant results were obtained from The Verbal Fluency Test, The Design Fluency Test, The Digit span, The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure and Bidstrup’s drawings (All tests have p-values less than 0.05). In the methods listed above, the results in the group of patients with negative thought disorders are significantly lower than in the group of patients without thought disorders.ConclusionsThe data indicate a violation of Executive functions among patients with negative thought disorders: inhibitory control, planning and regulation, working memory, difficulty switching, which related to left frontal lobe dysfunction. A lack of simultaneity and understanding figurative language, which is associated with right hemisphere dysfunction.DisclosureThe reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-013-00772
A first psychotic episode with kinesthetic hallucinations. Report of a case
Authors: Moreno F. Cartas , Barea M. ValverDe 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIt reveals a case that occurred in a patient with no previous history whose first manifestation was kinesthetic allucinations, subsequently appearing other psychopathological alterationsObjectives24-year-old male. Truck driver by profession. No prior mental health story. Good operation prior to the consultation. He comes accompanied by his parents for having a sensation of having bugs under his skin. It has come to throw gasoline on top to eliminate the possible infection.MethodsExploration: He is concius, oriented, with scratching lesions. He wears a cap soaked in gasoline to ward off critters. He does not present in the foreground other psychopathological alterations. CT with normal results, thyroid hormones, and normal biochemistry are requested. Treatment with aripiprazole is initiated in ascending doses, as it presents in the beginning a torpid evolution with the appearance of delusions of injury to its boss.ResultsAfter that, he is currently psychopathologically stable and has returned to work with his father in the field.ConclusionsAlthough not the most common, psychotic disorders can occur at the beginning with cenesthetic alterations. Organic screening should be performed and results treated accordingly.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Delusion of pregnancy: Clinical case
Authors: Guerra M.F. Tascon , Marqués B. Díaz , Ovejero G. Manrique 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionDelusion of pregnancy has been described as a false and fixed belief of being pregnant despite factual evidence to the contrary. Pseudocyesis is a condition in which the patient has all signs and symptoms of pregnancy except for the confirmation of the presence of a fetus. There has been described symptoms as abdominal distention, cessation of menses, morning sickness, etc.ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to distinguish between pseudocyesis and pseudopregnancy. This case presents a single 49-year-old woman, who developed the delusion of being pregnant after months of lonely confinement during Covid-19 quarantine.MethodsShe had missed her period for 10 months. She was convinced that she could feel the fetal movements. Her thought content revealed delusion of persecution, reference, and delusion of being pregnant. She did not reveal any hallucinations. Blood tests and brain imaging revealed no abnormalities. □The treatment was started with Paliperidone 100mg/month, and clonazepam 2mg/d.ResultsThe patient showed a substantial improvement within 10 weeks of treatment. Pseudocyesis and delusional pregnancy have been rarely described on scientific bibliography. A distinction has been demonstrated based on the consideration of the associated psychotic features that might be present in delusions of pregnancy, which were described in the current case. On the other hand, pseudocyesis clinical presentation is centered on the false signs and symptoms of pregnancy.ConclusionsAntipsychotics played a key role in the delusion of pregnancy. Psychodynamic and supportive psychotherapy could play a pivotal role in the management of pseudocyesis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
It’s never lupus: A case of atypical psychosis and neuropsychiatric lupus
Authors: Jesus S. , Costa A. , Alcafache J. , Garrido P. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease involving the production of autoantibodies with consequent involvement of multiple organ systems. Although not an uncommon condition, its pleomorphic neuropsychiatric manifestations imply consideration of SLE as a relevant differential diagnosis. As many as 50% of patients with SLE have neurological involvement throughout their disease course and it is associated with impaired quality of life, high morbidity and mortality rates.ObjectivesCase report study and discussion.MethodsThe authors present a case of a 50-year old woman without previous psychiatric history presenting to the psychiatric department with suicidal ideation in association with psychotic symptoms of rapid onset. She presented with various somatic symptoms including butterfly rash, alopecia, nail dystrophy and generalized myalgia and arthralgia. After conducting a thorough clinical investigation with subsequent unveiling of various alterations including those in the antibody panels and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging results, a diagnosis of neuropsychiatric lupus was established.ResultsImprovements in initial psychiatric symptoms were noted after completing pulse corticoid therapy for SLE with adjunct antipsychotic medication. On follow-up, the patient demonstrated a complete return to previous mental functioning with no reported relapses.ConclusionsThis case demonstrates the heterogeneous presentations that neuropsychiatric lupus can assume. The vast array of psychopathological signs and symptoms in SLE continue to exist as a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Timely identification resulting from a proactive approach in maintaining lupus as part of our differentials may prevent the significant morbidity and mortality commonly associated with the resultant central nervous system involvement in SLE.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychosis and homicide
Authors: Kolsi S. , Hentati S. , Baati I. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionViolence and crime committed by individuals with mental disorders has been the focus of growing interest among mental health professionals.Added to psychopathological disorders, individual, socio familial and therapeutic factors can be involved in the criminogenic risk.ObjectivesTo assess the characteristics of homicide in Tunisian patients with psychosis and to establish their sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic characteristics.MethodsWe reported7cases of patients who attended Psychiatric department“A”at the Hedi Chaker university hospital in Sfax,Tunisia,between January2014 and September2019.They were hospitalized for committing homicide and penal irresponsibility was recognized.ResultsThe homicide acts were matricide in 3cases, parricide in one case and conjugal homicide in one case.The homicide was not premeditated, committed by using knife weapon in 3cases and a blunt object in 4cases.The crime was done in the family home in the majority of cases(71.42%). The average age of patients was 34years. They were in almost cases(85.71%) male. Six patients (85.71%) had very low educational and income levels. They were mostly unmarried(71.42%)and unemployed(71.42%).Alcohol consumption was observed in3patients.However, we did not found any substance use. According to DSM-5,six patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia and one case with schizoaffective disorder.The majority(85.71%) had previous psychiatric folow-up. Furthermore, interruption of treatment was the rule.Five patients had a previous record of violent behavior towards the victim.Judicial history was notified among one patient.The persecution and influence delusion were found among 6cases.ConclusionsHomicidal behavior is extremely rare.Evaluation of different variables of homicide’s act and offender is a fundamental issue for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies to deal with such criminal behavior.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Folie a deux. On the subject of a case identified during confinement
Authors: Dafonte A. Alvarado , Rodriguez L. Soldado , Cruz C. Coca 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionShared psychotic disorder or Folie a deux is an unusual mental disorder characterized by the transfer of delusions between two or more people who have a close relationship. An individual (inductor or primary) who suffers from a psychotic disorder, influences one or more individuals (induced or secondary). Delusional disorders or schizophrenia are the most commonly diagnosed disorders in the inductor individual.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of an unusual entity such as shared psychotic disorder.MethodsDescription of a clinical case of shared psychotic disorder of a family treated in the emergency room during confinement.Results47-year-old woman, goes to the emergency room with her husband. No psychiatric history. Both the patient and her husband verbalize delusions of harm and surveillance from neighbors. They also report that two of their children hold this belief. The mother, unlike the rest of the cohabitants, presents disqualifying auditory hallucinations. Her husband decides to take her to the emergency room because he finds her distressed, “between two realities” and aggressive when she is confronted about hallucinations. We start treatment with oral paliperidone in the mother and a subsequent follow- up, and a total remission of symptoms in all cohabitants.ConclusionsAs in other mental disorders, the correct diagnosis and subsequent referral are essential. The separation of the inductor individual from the induced one is useful for the correct management of this disorder. With timely intervention and a regular follow-up, the Folie a deux has a good prognosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Pisa syndrome – a case report
Authors: Bicho M. , Coelho J. , Peixoto C. , Fontes H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPisa Syndrome or pleurothotonus is a form of dystonia and often can arise as a side effect of antipsychotic treatment conditioning high morbidity and limiting management options. Despite the fact that the precise mechanism remains unclear, a neurochemical imbalance in dopaminergic and cholinergic transmission but also in serotoninergic and noradrenergic transmission can be a possible pathophysiologic mechanism, which can lead to changes in the axial axis with abnormal posture and marked lateral trunk flexion and abnormal gait.ObjectivesRegarding a clinical case, the authors intend to review the relevant and current literature on the relationship between psychotropic drugs and Pisa Syndrome.MethodsDescription of a clinical case by consulting databases of current and scientifically relevant articles.ResultsThe clinical case reports a 48-year-old woman with a history of HIV and Substance Use Disorder, hospitalized for unspecific behavioral changes, characterized by mood changes, self-referential, persecutory and somatic delusional ideas, and delusions of the control of thought. She was medicated with antipsychotics and mood stabilizers, with subsequent development of an acute-onset dystonic condition, characterizing the Pisa Syndrome. In this context, the dose of antipsychotics was lowered and anticholinergics were introduced, with progressive improvement of the clinical picture.ConclusionsPisa Syndrome, previously seen as a rare adverse effect, can occur as a dystonic reaction related to the use of psychotropic drugs, so its use should be judicious. Further studies are needed to understand the extent of this association and its pathophysiological mechanisms in order to guide more rigorous therapeutic lines.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Estrogens in schizophrenia: What do we know?
Authors: Ferreira L. Paulino , Alves M. , Duarte M. , Gamito A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a chronic disease that significantly impacts cognitive functioning. Sex differences in incidence, onset and course of schizophrenia suggest estrogens have a protective role.ObjectivesOur aim is to review the state of the art on this matter.MethodsThrough a selection of the most relevant articles found on PubMed and ClinicalKey searching the keywords: “estrogens” and “schizophrenia”.Results

Accumulating evidence has led to the hypothesis that estrogens act as a protective factor in women regarding the onset of schizophrenia as their increase in puberty may help delay the onset of symptoms. Also, the estrogens abrupt decline in menopause may account for a second peak of onset and greater severity of the symptoms. During the menstrual cycle, when serum estrogens are at their lowest, there is an increase in the number of psychotic episodes and an exacerbation of psychotic symptoms. Pregnancy leads to an improvement of psychotic symptoms, which then worsen in postpartum. Clinical trials testing the efficacy of estrogens have been promising, which suggest they might be a useful adjuvant treatment. Despite the evidence of clinical efficacy, health risks for women using estrogen therapy should be considered, as they decrease its acceptability as a viable treatment option. The use of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), as raloxifene, could be a favorable and safer alternative.ConclusionsIn conclusion, estrogens are proving to be a promising option as a complementary therapy for schizophrenia; however, further studies are needed to investigate whether they might be overall beneficial.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Development of psychosis following sexual abuse:rape of an adolescent: A case study
Authors: Sellami S. , Mami H. , Bouzid R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSeveral studies have mentioned the link between psychotrauma and psychosis. A direct causal link remains to be discussed.ObjectivesEvaluate the link between sexual abuse and psychosis.MethodsWe report the case of a male patient who developed schizophrenia following sodomy rape. We performed a literature review based on a PubMed search with the following keywords: “rape sodomy psychosis”.ResultsMr. M., 26 years old, with a personal psychiatric history of chronic psychosis evolving for 10 years, consulted us for follow-up of his schizophrenia. When he was 16, the patient was raped by sodomy by a 40-year-old man under stabbing threat. After this incident, the patient did not verbalize this trauma, he isolated himself, became irritable and aggressive and has had olfactory hallucinations. The symptomatology worsened until the age of 24 when the patient presented a delusional syndrome with a theme of persecution, mysticism, bewitchment by a mechanism of interpretation and visual hallucinations. Then,he was hospitalized in psychiatry for psychomotor instability, verbal hetero-aggression. He had been diagnosed with schizophrenia evolving over 9 years. Treatment with an antipsychotic: risperidone and valproic acid was started. The evolution was quickly favorable but the patient currently presents blunted affect, a sexual disinterest and a strong desire for revenge from his rapist. Treatment adjustment and psychotherapy would be considered.ConclusionsThe onset of subsequent rape psychosis and the persistence of symptoms related to the trauma are arguments in favor of a direct causal link between sexual abuse and schizophrenia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.