bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional Interaction in Road Traffic Injury: A Qualitative Study On People With Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Sepahvand Elham ,   Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Khankeh Hamidreza ,   Research center of health in emergency and disasters, University of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences, Tehran, Iran,   Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden,   Hamidreza Khankeh, Research Center of Health in Emergency and Disasters, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Daneshjo Blv., Velenjak, Tehran, Iran; Email: hamid.khankeh@ki.se, Hosseini Mohammadali ,   Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Akhbari Behnam ,   Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Published: November 2022

The injury management in the acute phase of spinal cord injury starts at the accident scene and focuses on preventing and reducing secondary damages. The road traffic injured patients are mostly transferred by relatives, untrained laypeople, and the drivers of heavy vehicles. The current study explored the experience of people with spinal cord injury in the accident scene.
This was a qualitative content analysis study using the semi-structured interviewing method with an interview guide for data collection. Purposive sampling method was performed within ten months until data saturation. We used the constant comparative approach recommended by Corbin and Strauss (2015). In total, 15 people with spinal cord injury and bystanders participated in this study.
The central theme extracted in this study was “emotional interaction” that referred to the emotional reactions in managing road traffic victims. Two main categories of “emotional intervention” with “emotional atmosphere,” “desperation,” “rescue efforts,” subcategories and “scene shock” with “unplanned intervention,” “emotional behavior,” “emotional decisions,” and “emotional involvement,” subcategories were classified.
The emotional atmosphere of the scene and stress level of the victim and the relatives, and the insistence of the victim to escape from the harsh condition have caused those lacking medical knowledge and expertise to transfer the patient unsafely. This resulted in secondary damages, like aggravated spinal cord injury or even caused the spinal cord injury.
The Dual Blockade in the Neoadjuvant Setting of HER-2 Positive Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Pop Lucian ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Mother and Child Care, Bucharest, Romania,   Lucian Pop, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Mother and Child Care, Bucharest, Romania, 120 Lacul Tei Bvd, District 2,Bucharest, Romania, Phone: +40741044720, Dumitru Suciu Ioan ,   Department of General Surgery, Floreasca Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Ionescu Olivia ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nürnberg Hospital South, Nürnberg, Germany, Ionescu Paris ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ovidius University, Constanta, Romania, Toader Oana Daniela ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Mother and Child Care, Bucharest, Romania,   Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: November 2022

Patients with positive Her-2/neu breast cancer and a high risk of recurrence are known to benefit from the addition of the dual blockade of Her-2/neu with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a combination which has been demonstrated to give a higher rate of a complete pathologic response in the breast and in the axilla.
The purpose of this review is to outline the efficacy of the dual blockade with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in the neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk Her-2 positive breast cancer.
Electronic databases (Pubmed, Medline, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were searched for English- and German-language studies, which were published in the last ten years. The search has been focused on neoadjuvant clinical trials as well as on the data presented in the abstracts published at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium as well as at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
The results reported in the published clinical trials demonstrated a higher pathologic complete response rate in breast and lymph nodes after using targeted therapy with two anti-Her-2/neu agents - Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early-stage Her-2/neu positive breast cancers. The pathologic complete response rate is the most important prognostic marker in Her-2/neu positive tumors, a higher pathologic complete response rate being demonstrated to be associated with a better survival outcome in terms of higher overall survival and disease-free survival rates.
Knowledge and Practice of Sectors of Health-Care Workers towards Universal Precautions in Baghdad Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ali Shayma S. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Universal precautions, as defined by centers for disease control (CDC), are a set of precautions designed to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus , hepatitis B virus , and other blood borne pathogens when providing first aid or health care .Objectives: To measure knowledge of and practice towards universal precautions among healthcare workers (apart from doctors) in Baghdad Teaching Hospital .Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of two months from 26th of February to the end of April 2007 in Baghdad Teaching Hospital / Medical City ,Baghdad to assess the knowledge and practice of 110 health care workers towards the use of universal precautions in their daily work and to assess the effect of different factors on both knowledge and practice ( including :age , years of experience gender ,level of education ,occupation and hearing about universal precautions ) .Results: The study showed that (52.7%) had heard about universal precautions with an overall low understanding of precautions except concerning disposal of sharp instruments, use of protective equipment and clean of spilled blood .Health workers showed difficulty to distinguish deep body fluids to which universal precautions should be applied from body secretions to which they are not applied (saliva and sweat) . Good practices were reported regarding hand washing, disposal of needles and sharps,and gloves, masks and gown usage. This study showed that hearing about universal precautions had no positive effect on knowledge as those who had heard about universal precautions had mean knowledge score of (5.9) from total score of (10) which is lower than those who never heard with mean knowledge score of (6.1) ,in contrast to practice score which was higher in those who heard about universal precautions (8.4) than those who never heard (8), from total score of (10).Conclusion: universal precautions were not only insufficiently but also selectively understood and applied so great work should be done in form of pre- and in-service education and training programs to the staff with good supply of protective equipment to implement universal precautions on scientific and practical basis in near future.
Encapsulation of bioactive compounds of food interest: applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities.
Authors: Fabela-Morón Miriam F. , Pérez-Ruíz Rigoberto V. , Ruíz-Hernández Rafael , Arce-Vázquez María B. , Aguilar-Toalá José E. , Jiménez -Guzmán Judith , García-Garibay José M. 
Published: November 2022

Objective: The encapsulation of bioactive compounds of food interest provide protection against ambiental factors and degradation reactions. Therefore, the encapsulation of these compounds, was studied and analyzed considering the applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities on the topic.
Design/methodology/approach: Wall materials, bioactive compounds of food interest, encapsulation methods, applications, current advances, challenges, and opportunities in encapsulation of bioactive compounds were explored, described, and discussed considering the principal literature on the topic, and scientific databases were used for the bibliographic research.
Results: Encapsulation process is a novel technology that allows the increasing the stability of aromas, flavors, pigments, and microorganisms, beside of improve the sensory, physical chemical and functional properties, quality, and the extend the shelf-life.
Limitations on study/implications: Foods contain bioactive compounds that are susceptible to oxidation and degradation, which can reduce their quality and shelf life. To preserve these compounds, is important to develop other encapsulation systems considering alternative wall materials from different sources that can be applied under different process conditions from laboratory, pilot to industrial scale.
Findings/conclusions: Encapsulation process provide protection to bioactive compounds enhancing the sensory, physical chemical and functional properties, quality, and extend the shelf-life considering the integral and sustainable use of agricultural products.
Presence of pesticides in edible insects: Risk to human health. The case of Mexico
Authors: Hernández-León Karla P. , Aguilar-Toalá José E. , Díaz-Ramírez Mayra , Cruz-Monterrosa Rosy G. 
Published: November 2022

Objective: To perform a literature review of the presence of pesticides in edible insects, main pesticides used in Mexico and to discuss the potential risk of contaminated edible insects for human consumption.
Design/methodology/approach: Concise analysis of the main research topics related with the impact of pesticides on insects, through a wide review of specialized journals on insects’ field.
Results: The majority of edible insects are considered as a common plague in some crop varieties, causing a decrease in their production yield. As a result, farmers use mainly chemical insecticides to control this plague. Besides, farmers use also chemical herbicides and fungicides to control weeds and fungi. However, those pesticides have a negative impact on edible insects because they can be contaminated. These contaminated edible insects can be collected from different crop varieties for their use as food.
Limitations on study/implications: To conduct further research to identify and determine the pesticide levels in edible insects consumed in Mexico.
Findings/conclusions: Edible insects may represent a potential risk to human health, especially when insects are wild harvested because can be contaminated with pesticides, particularly insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides.
Mechanical property analysis and design parameter optimization of a novel nitinol nasal stent based on numerical simulation
Authors: Yu Hui , Zheng Lingling , Qiu Jikuan , Wang Jiayue , Xu Yaoke , Fan Baoshi , Li Rui , Liu Junxiu , Wang Chao , Fan Yubo 
Published: November 2022

Background: A novel braided nasal stent is an effective alternative to nasal packing after septoplasty that can be used to manage the mucosal flap after septoplasty and expand the nasal cavity. This study aimed to investigate the influence of design parameters on the mechanical properties of the nasal stent for optimal performance.Methods: A braided nasal stent modeling method was proposed and 27 stent models with a range of different geometric parameters were built. The compression behavior and bending behavior of these stent models were numerically analyzed using a finite element method (FEM). The orthogonal test was used as an optimization method, and the optimized design variables of the stent with improved performance were obtained based on range analysis and weight grade method.Results: The reaction force and bending stiffness of the braided stent increased with the wire diameter, braiding density, and external stent diameter, while wire diameter resulted as the most important determining parameter. The external stent diameter had the greatest influence on the elongation deformation. The influence of design parameters on von-Mises stress distribution of bent stent models was visualized. The stent model with geometrical parameters of 25 mm external diameter, 30° braiding angle, and 0.13 mm wire diameter (A3B3C3) had a greater reaction force but a considerably smaller bending stiffness, which was the optimal combination of parameters.Conclusion: Firstly, among the three design parameters of braided stent models, wire diameter resulted as the most important parameter determining the reaction force and bending stiffness. Secondly, the external stent diameter significantly influenced the elongation deformation during the compression simulation. Finally, 25 mm external diameter, 30° braiding angle, and 0.13 mm wire diameter (A3B3C3) was the optimal combination of stent parameters according to the orthogonal test results.
Association of general health and lifestyle factors with the salivary microbiota – Lessons learned from the ADDITION-PRO cohort
Authors: Poulsen Casper Sahl , Nygaard Nikoline , Constancias Florentin , Stankevic Evelina , Kern Timo , Witte Daniel R. , Vistisen Dorte , Grarup Niels , Pedersen Oluf Borbye , Belstrøm Daniel , Hansen Torben 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionPrevious research indicates that the salivary microbiota may be a biomarker of oral as well as systemic disease. However, clarifying the potential bias from general health status and lifestyle-associated factors is a prerequisite of using the salivary microbiota for screening.Materials &amp; MethodsADDDITION-PRO is a nationwide Danish cohort, nested within the Danish arm of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care. Saliva samples from n=746 individuals from the ADDITION-PRO cohort were characterized using 16s rRNA sequencing. Alpha- and beta diversity as well as relative abundance of genera was examined in relation to general health and lifestyle-associated variables. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) was performed on individual variables and all variables together. Classification models were created using sparse partial-least squares discriminant analysis (sPLSDA) for variables that showed statistically significant differences based on PERMANOVA analysis (p &lt; 0.05).ResultsGlycemic status, hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c) level, sex, smoking and weekly alcohol intake were found to be significantly associated with salivary microbial composition (individual variables PERMANOVA, p &lt; 0.05). Collectively, these variables were associated with approximately 5.8% of the observed differences in the composition of the salivary microbiota. Smoking status was associated with 3.3% of observed difference, and smoking could be detected with good accuracy based on salivary microbial composition (AUC 0.95, correct classification rate 79.6%).ConclusionsGlycemic status, HbA1c level, sex, smoking and weekly alcohol intake were significantly associated with the composition of the salivary microbiota. Despite smoking only being associated with 3.3% of the difference in overall salivary microbial composition, it was possible to create a model for detection of smoking status with a high correct classification rate. However, the lack of information on the oral health status of participants serves as a limitation in the present study. Further studies in other cohorts are needed to validate the external validity of these findings.
Cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in China
Authors: Sang Haiqiang , Wan Yiming , Ma Zhenzhou , Zhang Shengye , Zhao Qiuping 
Published: November 2022

AimTo determine the pharmacoeconomics of empagliflozin for the treatment of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction in China and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical rational drug selection and medical decision-making.Research design and methodsWe used the Markov model to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of empagliflozin for the treatment of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the standard treatment in addition to empagliflozin (empagliflozin group) vs. the cost-effectiveness of the standard treatment alone (standard treatment group).ResultsWe found that each additional quality-adjusted life year (QALY) in the empagliflozin group costed $3,842.20 more, which was less than China’s gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in 2021 ($11,981). The steady-state mortality in the two groups was the key factor affecting the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis revealed that when the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold was one time the GDP per capita in 2021 ($11,981) and three times the GDP per capita in 2021 ($35,943), the probability of the empagliflozin group being cost-effective was 85.8 and 91.6%, respectively.ConclusionCompared with the standard treatment alone, the addition of empagliflozin to the standard treatment was more cost-effective for the treatment of HFrEF in China.
Visualizable vs. standard, non-visualizable steerable sheath for pulmonary vein isolation procedures: Randomized, single-centre trial
Authors: Janosi Kristof , Debreceni Dorottya , Janosa Benedek , Bocz Botond , Simor Tamas , Kupo Peter 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionSteerable sheaths (SSs) are frequently used to improve catheter contact during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures. A new type of visualizable (by electroanatomical mapping system) SS has become available in clinical treatment.PurposeWe aimed to compare procedural data of visualizable vs. non-visualizable steerable sheath assisted PVI procedures in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsIn this single-centre randomized study, we enrolled a total of 100 consecutive patients who underwent PVI due to AF.ResultsA total of 100 patients were randomized into 2 groups (visualizable SS group: 50; non-visualizable SS group: 50). Acute ablation success was 100% and the rate of the first pass isolation were similar (92% vs. 89%; p = 0.88). Using visualizable SS, left atrial (LA) procedure time (53.1 [41.3; 73.1] min vs. 59.5 [47.6; 74.1] min.; p = 0.04), LA fluoroscopy time (0 [0; 0] s vs. 17.5 [5.5; 69.25] s; p &lt; 0.01) and LA fluoroscopy dose (0 [0; 0.27] mGy vs. 0.74 [0.16; 2.34] mGy; p &lt; 0.01) was significantly less, however, there was no difference in the total procedural time (90 ± 35.2 min vs. 99.5 ± 31.8 min; p = 0.13), total fluoroscopy time (184 ± 89 s vs. 193 ± 44 s; p = 0.79), and total fluoroscopy dose (9.12 ± 1.98 mGy vs. 9.97 ± 2.27 mGy; p = 0.76). Compared to standard, non-visualizable SS group, the number of radiofrequency ablations was fewer (69 [58; 80] vs. 79 [73; 86); p &lt; 0.01) as well as total ablation time was reduced (1049 sec. [853; 1175] vs. 1265 sec. [1085; 1441]; p &lt; 0.01) in the visualizable SS cohort. No major complications occurred in either group.ConclusionCompared to the standard, non-visualizable SS, visualizable SS significantly reduces the left atrial procedure time, RF delivery and fluoroscopy exposure without compromising its safety or effectiveness in patients undergoing PVI procedures for AF.
Diabetic retinopathy risk prediction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a nomogram model
Authors: Wang Qian , Zeng Ni , Tang Hongbo , Yang Xiaoxia , Yao Qu , Zhang Lin , Zhang Han , Zhang Ying , Nie Xiaomei , Liao Xin , Jiang Feng 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundThis study aims to develop a diabetic retinopathy (DR) hazard nomogram for a Chinese population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsWe constructed a nomogram model by including data from 213 patients with T2DM between January 2019 and May 2021 in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. We used basic statistics and biochemical indicator tests to assess the risk of DR in patients with T2DM. The patient data were used to evaluate the DR risk using R software and a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) predictive model. Using multivariable Cox regression, we examined the risk factors of DR to reduce the LASSO penalty. The validation model, decision curve analysis, and C-index were tested on the calibration plot. The bootstrapping methodology was used to internally validate the accuracy of the nomogram.ResultsThe LASSO algorithm identified the following eight predictive variables from the 16 independent variables: disease duration, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and vitamin D (VitD)-T3. The C-index was 0.848 (95% CI: 0.798–0.898), indicating the accuracy of the model. In the interval validation, high scores (0.816) are possible from an analysis of a DR nomogram’s decision curve to predict DR.ConclusionWe developed a non-parametric technique to predict the risk of DR based on disease duration, BMI, FPG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, and VitD.
Causal association between inflammatory bowel disease and IgA nephropathy: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiao Mofan , Ran Yan , Shao Jiayuan , Lei Zhangni , Chen Yuling , Li Yingchao 
Published: November 2022

Background: An association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [which includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)] and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) has been discovered in observational studies, but the causal relationship is still unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the causal link between IBD (which includes UC and CD) and IgAN via a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods: Eligible single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) for analyses and were obtained from the publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian randomization–Egger (MR-Egger) regression, the Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, and the weighted median were utilized to obtain the results. The MR-PRESSO test and MR-Egger regression were also performed to detect and correct horizontal pleiotropy. The Cochran’s Q test and “leave-one-out” analysis were also conducted to assess the stability and reliability of the MR results.Results: This study found that IBD, UC, and CD all had significant positive causal effects on IgAN risk (IBD: OR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.15–2.16, p = 4.53 × 10–3; UC: OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.14–2.11, p = 4.88 × 10–3; CD: OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.21–2.03, p = 5.97 × 10–4). No significant horizontal pleiotropic effect was found for the causal association between IBD, UC, CD, and the risk of IgAN. Cochran’s Q test identified no evidence of heterogeneity for the IV estimates. The “leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis also revealed that the MR results were robust.Conclusion: The results of this two-sample MR analysis supported that IBD, UC, and CD were causally associated with the risk of IgAN, while there was no sufficient evidence for the causal effect of IgAN on IBD, UC, or CD. Our findings provide theoretical support and a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of these two diseases.