bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the composition of an administrative offense related to violation of the rules of quarantine of people
Authors: Martsun M. I. 
Published: August 2022

The research is devoted to the study of the composition of an administrative offense related to violations of the rules of quarantine of people. The general, generic, and direct objects of administrative offense are defined. The general object of an administrative offense under Art. 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses is the order of public administration, the generic object is public relations in health care, and the direct one is the health of the individual.
A list of acts that constitute the objective side of the offense has been established. The objective aspect of an administrative offense is the violation of the rules on human quarantine and sanitary and hygienic rules established by law or decisions of public authorities and local governments. Staying in public places without personal protective equipment that covers the nose and mouth also entails administrative liability under Art. 44-3 of Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses.
The list of the citizens and the officials belonging to subjects of offense is made. Special subjects of an administrative offense may be officials of public authorities and local governments, the State Service for Food Safety and Consumer Protection, enterprises, institutions, and organizations responsible for implementing measures to control infectious diseases.
The subjective side of the violation of the rules of quarantine of people is given. It is proposed to consolidate the objective side of the administrative offense established in Part 1 of Art. 44-3 of the Code of Administrative Offenses as follows: “Violation of sanitary protection measures of the territory of Ukraine established by the legislation and decisions of state power and local self-government bodies”. Amendments to the legislation on administrative offenses are designed to improve the legal regulation of administrative liability for violating the rules of quarantine of people.
Legal responsibility in the structure of the legal status of foreigners and stateless persons
Authors: Rubanenko A. M. 
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to an important and topical issue, that is the essence of legal responsibility as a structural element of the legal status of foreigners and stateless persons. It is noted that the concept of “responsibility” is used by many branches of scientific knowledge, which imbue it with a peculiar meaning determined by their subject. In a broad sense, responsibility is a special relationship between human actions (people, institutions), intentions, as well as evaluations of these actions by other people or society.
It has been proven that social responsibility depends on the sphere of social activity, in connection with which political, moral, social, legal and other types of responsibility are distinguished. Social and legal responsibility are related as a genus and species. The issue of responsibility is relevant not only for the theory of law, but also for all branches of science, as it is essential for understanding the essence and role of the legal status of a person in general and of a foreigner and stateless person in particular.
Three key approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “legal responsibility” are analyzed, namely: retrospective, positive and two-aspect. According to the first, legal responsibility is the legal obligation of the offender to suffer adverse consequences determined by the state for the illegal act committed by him or her. According to the second, legal responsibility is lawful behavior, the obligation to comply with prohibitions, the fulfillment of positive duties, as well as the permissions granted and guaranteed by the state for the exercise of subjective rights, the use of state incentives, recognition. The third approach assumes that retrospective legal responsibility results from a breach of positive legal responsibility.
International legal determination of the national minorities’ status in the Central and Eastern European countries within the Versailles system
Authors: Dedurin G. G. 
Published: August 2022

Peculiarities of the international legal status determination of the national minorities within the Versailles system have been studied using the example of a number of Central and Eastern European countries. The governments of Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Hungary were asked, based on the norms of international law, to develop appropriate provisions for the protection of the rights of national minorities in order to prevent new conflicts and threats to peace.
The system of treaties, declarations and agreements, which were supposed to ensure the observance of the rights of national minorities and whose guarantor was the League of Nations, has been analyzed. In practice, this was embodied in giving minorities the right to submit petitions to the Council or Assembly of the League of Nations, as well as in the activities of the Permanent Chamber of International Justice. The right to submit petitions was used at different times by representatives of the Ruthenian minority in Czechoslovakia, the Russian minority in Eastern Galicia, the Jewish minority in Hungary, the German minority in Poland, etc.
The weaknesses of this system have been identified, which prevented the creation of effective international mechanisms for the protection of the rights of national minorities in the specified regions of Europe. In particular, it has been emphasized that the majority of treaties, conventions, treatises, etc. were openly sabotaged by the countries that were supposed to fulfill them. The governments of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe considered the proposed system unequal, because its conditions did not apply to a number of other multinational states that had similar problems. Conflict situations surrounding the problem of national minorities continued to arise. They were caused by various factors: from divided loyalties and irredentist movements to manifestations of governmental and social discrimination.
The implementation of the integrated performance assessment (IPA) model to improve English students' speaking skills
Authors: Kurniawan Ildi , Sabaruddin Syafrizal , Lubis Azhar Aziz 
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the extent to which the application of the IPA model could improve Indonesian students’ speaking skill, especially speaking skills for discussion course. It was classroom action research in which the stages of its activities include planning, implementation, evaluation, and reflection. This research’s subjects were the third semester English Department University of Bengkulu. The researchers only took four cycles as the data of the research. Qualitative and quantitative data were analyzed to find a valid conclusion. The results show that the application of the IPA model improved the basic skills of students’ speaking skills in class. It can be seen from the improvement in almost every cycle. The mean score in cycle 1 was 80, followed by 80.3 in cycle 2, but slightly decreased in cycle 3 with a mean score of 79.6 and got higher again in cycle 4 with a mean score of 82. Internal and external factors also contribute to the students’ speaking skills.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF SYNTHETIC INSECTICIDES AGAINST CITRUS PSYLLA, DIAPHORINA CITRI KUWAYAMA (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY AND FIELD CONDITIONS
Authors: Iqbal Mubashar , Ahmad Shahbaz , Gogi Muhammad , Atta Bilal , Nisar Muhammad Junaid 
Published: August 2022

Citrus fruits are rich in macronutrients, such as simple sugars and nutritional fiber, and provide many kinds of micronutrients containing thiamine, vitamin B6, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and copper, which are vital for keeping health and normal growth. Production of citrus was strongly affected by citrus psylla (Diaphorina citri). The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of some synthetic insecticides with different concentrations against citrus psylla under field and laboratory conditions. Four insecticides viz. Politrin-C® (Profenofos + Cypermethrin), Talstar® (Bifenthrin), Confidor® (Imidacloprid), and Cymbush® (Cypermethrin) were used for evaluation of their effectiveness against citrus psylla. For laboratory experimentation, four concentrations of each insecticide along with one control treatment were made. For the field experiment, all the said insecticides were applied at field recommended doses. Citrus psylla was collected from an infested field of citrus crop and transferred in a plastic cage (60×60×60 cm) and kept in the IPM laboratory under standard laboratory conditions in the Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad Pakistan. Fresh leaves of citrus were used for the insect rearing as a diet for the insects. The rearing conditions were maintained at 25±2oC and 60-70% RH. Results revealed that LC50 values were 3.23%, 5.60%, 5.42% and 3.09% after 6 hours, 0.41%, 1.41%, 2.42% and 1.90% after 12 hours and 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.49% and 1.80% for Politrin-C®, Talstar®, Confidor® and Imazone® after 24 hours respectively. Politrin-C® was found to be more effective because of causing maximum mortality (71.15%), (51.20%), and (34.64%) after 24 hours, 12 hours, and 6 hours respectively of post-treatment application. The maximum population reduction of 66.68% was recorded with Politrin-C® followed by 62.96%, 61.23%, and 59.68% population reductions observed with treatments with Confidor®, Imazone®, and Talstar® respectively. However, Politrin-C® proved to be more toxic and considered effective for D. citri.
Constructing atomically-dispersed Mn on ZIF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon for boosting oxygen reduction
Authors: Deng Yaoyao , Pang Jiazheng , Ge Wenzheng , Zhang Minxi , Zhang Wentao , Zhang Wei , Xiang Mei , Zhou Quanfa , Bai Jirong 
Published: August 2022

Exploring durable and highly-active non-noble-metal nanomaterials to supersede Pt-based nanomaterials is an effective way, which can reduce the cost and boost the catalytic efficiency of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we constructed atomically-dispersed Mn atoms on the ZIF-derived nitrogen-doped carbon frameworks (Mn-Nx/NC) by stepwise pyrolysis. The Mn-Nx/NC relative to pure nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity with a higher half-wave potential (E1/2 = 0.88 V) and a modest Tafel slope (90 mV dec−1) toward ORR. The enhanced ORR performance of Mn-Nx/NC may be attributed to the existence of Mn-Nx active sites, which can more easily adsorb intermediates, promoting the efficiency of ORR. This work provides a facile route to synthesize single-atom catalysts for ORR.
Reliability and validity of sit-to-stand test protocols in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yan Jianhua , Meng Shu , Li Jiajia , Yu Yi , Zhang Tingting , Tsang Raymond C. C. , El-Ansary Doa , Han Jia , Jones Alice Y. M. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundSit-To-Stand (STS) tests are reported as feasible alternatives for the assessment of functional fitness but the reliability of these tests in people with coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been reported. This study explored the test-retest reliability, convergent and known-groups validity of the five times, 30-sec and 1-min sit-to-stand test (FTSTS test, 30-s STS test and 1-min STS test respectively) in patients with CAD. The feasibility of applying these tests to distinguish the level of risk for cardiovascular events in CAD patients was also investigated.MethodsPatients with stable CAD performed a 6MWT and 3 STS tests in random order on the same day. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted using STS test data to differentiate patients with low or high risk of cardiovascular events based on the risk level determined by distance covered in the 6MWT as &gt; or ≤ 419 m. Thirty patients repeated the 3 STS tests on the following day.Results112 subjects with diagnoses of atherosclerosis or post-percutaneous coronary intervention, or post-acute myocardial infarction (post-AMI) participated in the validity analysis. All 3 STS tests demonstrated moderate and significant correlation with the 6MWT (coefficient values r for the FTSTS, 30-s STS and 1-min STS tests were−0.53, 0.57 and 0.55 respectively). Correlations between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and all STS tests and between 6MWT and LVEF were only weak (r values ranged from 0.27 to 0.31). Subgroup analysis showed participants in the post-AMI group performed worse in all tests compared to non-myocardial infarction (non-MI) group. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.80 for FTSTS (sensitivity: 75.0%, specificity: 73.8%, optimal cut-off: &gt;11.7 sec), and the AUC, sensitivity, specificity and optimal cut-off for 30-s STS and 1-min STS test were 0.83, 75.0%, 76.2%, ≤ 12 repetitions and 0.80, 71.4%, 73.8%, ≤ 23 repetitions respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for repeated measurements of the FTSTS, 30-s STS and 1-min STS tests were 0.96, 0.95 and 0.96 respectively, with the minimal detectable change (MDC95) computed to be 1.1 sec 1.8 repetitions and 3.9 repetitions respectively.ConclusionsAll STS tests demonstrated good test-retest reliability, convergent and known-groups validity. STS tests may discriminate low from high levels of risk for a cardiovascular event in patients with CAD.
Osteoarthritis, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Huiqing , Ling Yuxiao , Jiang Han , Li Yingjun , Jiang Minmin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundObservational studies indicate that osteoarthritis (OA) and coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as myocardial infarction (MI), are often diagnosed as comorbid diseases. We performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to demonstrate whether there is a causal relationship between OA, CAD, and MI.MethodsWe extracted single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to OA in the Genetics of Osteoarthritis (GO) Consortium as instrumental variables to assess whether OA is associated with CAD and MI in the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D 1,000 Genomes genome-wide association study (GWAS). In the reverse MR, we used CAD-associated and MI-associated SNPs to the GWAS of OA to analyze their causality. These GWASs included 766,690 individuals of OA, 184,305 individuals of CAD, and 166,065 individuals of MI. MR was conducted using several methods, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, the weighted median method, the MR-Egger method, and the MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) method.ResultsThe forward causal effect of OA on CAD and MI was not observed. In reverse analysis, no causal effect was discovered for CAD on the risk of OA. Notably, we observed a causal association between MI and total OA [IVW odds ratio (OR) = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.93, 0.98, P = 4E−04] and spine OA (IVW OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88, 0.97, P = 0.001) but a null association between MI and knee OA, hip OA, hand OA, and thumb OA.ConclusionThis MR study identifies a potentially protective effect of genetically predicted MI on total and spine OA risks.
m6A regulator-mediated RNA methylation modification patterns are involved in immune microenvironment regulation of coronary heart disease
Authors: Li Zhaoshui , Song Yanjie , Wang Meng , Shen Ruxin , Qin Kun , Zhang Yu , Jiang Ting , Chi Yifan 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAlthough the roles of m6A modification in the immune responses to human diseases have been increasingly revealed, their roles in immune microenvironment regulation in coronary heart disease (CHD) are poorly understood.MethodsThe GSE20680 and GSE20681 datasets related to CHD were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 30 m6A regulators were used to perform LASSO regression to identify the significant genes involved in CHD. Unsupervised clustering analysis was conducted using the m6A regulators to distinguish the m6A RNA methylation patterns in patients with CHD. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and biological characteristics, including GO and KEGG enrichment results, were assessed for the different m6A patterns to analyse the impacts of m6A regulators on CHD. Hub genes were identified, and subsequent microRNAs-mRNAs (miRNAs–mRNAs) and mRNAs-transcriptional factors (mRNA-TFs) interaction networks were constructed by the protein and protein interaction (PPI) network method using Cytoscape software. The infiltrating proportion of immune cells was assessed by ssGSEA and the CIBERSORT algorithm. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of the significant m6A regulators and hub genes.ResultsFour of 30 m6A regulators (HNRNPC, YTHDC2, YTHDF3, and ZC3H13) were identified to be significant in the development of CHD. Two m6A RNA methylation clusters were distinguished by unsupervised clustering analysis based on the expression of the 30 m6A regulators. A total of 491 genes were identified as DEGs between the two clusters. A PPI network including 308 mRNAs corresponding to proteins was constructed, and 30 genes were identified as hub genes that were enriched in the bioprocesses of peptide cross-linking, keratinocyte differentiation. Twenty-seven hub genes were found to be related to miRNAs, and seven hub genes were found to be related to TFs. Moreover, among the 30 hub genes, eight genes were found to be upregulated in CHD, and three were found to be downregulated in CHD compared to the normal people. The high m6A modification pattern was associated with a higher infiltrated abundance of immune cells.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that m6A modification plays crucial roles in the diversity and complexity of the immune microenvironment in CHD.
Glyoxylase-1 combats dicarbonyl stress and right ventricular dysfunction in rodent pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Prisco Sasha Z. , Hartweck Lynn , Keen Jennifer L. , Vogel Neal , Kazmirczak Felipe , Eklund Megan , Hemnes Anna R. , Brittain Evan L. , Prins Kurt W. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundHeightened glycolytic flux is associated with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Methylglyoxal, a glycolysis byproduct, is a highly reactive dicarbonyl that has toxic effects via non-enzymatic post-translational modifications (protein glycation). Methylglyoxal is degraded by the glyoxylase system, which includes the rate-limiting enzyme glyoxylase-1 (GLO1), to combat dicarbonyl stress. However, the potential consequences of excess protein glycation on RV function are unknown.MethodsBioinformatics analysis of previously identified glycated proteins predicted how protein glycation regulated cardiac biology. Methylglyoxal treatment of H9c2 cardiomyocytes evaluated the consequences of excess protein glycation on mitochondrial respiration. The effects of adeno-associated virus serotype 9-mediated (AAV9) GLO1 expression on RV function in monocrotaline rats were quantified with echocardiography and hemodynamic studies. Immunoblots and immunofluorescence were implemented to probe the effects of AAV-Glo1 on total protein glycation and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and fatty acid binding protein levels.ResultsIn silico analyses highlighted multiple mitochondrial metabolic pathways may be affected by protein glycation. Exogenous methylglyoxal minimally altered mitochondrial respiration when cells metabolized glucose, however methylglyoxal depressed FAO. AAV9-Glo1 increased RV cardiomyocyte GLO1 expression, reduced total protein glycation, partially restored mitochondrial density, and decreased lipid accumulation. In addition, AAV9-Glo1 increased RV levels of FABP4, a fatty acid binding protein, and hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase trifunctional multienzyme complex subunits alpha and beta (HADHA and HADHB), the two subunits of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein for FAO. Finally, AAV9-Glo1 blunted RV fibrosis and improved RV systolic and diastolic function.ConclusionExcess protein glycation promotes RV dysfunction in preclinical PAH, potentially through suppression of FAO.
Diagnostic value of cardiac miR-126-5p, miR-134-5p, and miR-499a-5p in coronary artery disease-induced sudden cardiac death
Authors: Li Linfeng , He Xiangwang , Liu Min , Yun Libing , Cong Bin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe identification of coronary artery disease-induced sudden cardiac death (CAD-SCD) has always been a medical challenge. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) played vital roles in pathogenesis processes and served as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular and many other diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the specific miRNAs for CAD-SCD.MethodsA total of 30 autopsy-verified CAD-SCD victims were selected, including 18 individuals who experienced more than once asymptomatic myocardial ischemia (CAD-activated SCD) and 12 victims without prominent pathological features of insufficient blood supply (CAD-silent SCD). Meanwhile, 30 traumatic victims were enrolled as controls. Systematic postmortem examinations were performed in all study population. The expressions of cardiac miR-126-5p, miR-134-5p, and miR-499a-5p were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).ResultsRT-qPCR showed significant downregulations of miR-126-5p and miR-499a-5p in CAD-SCD victims, with no obvious difference in miR-134-5p. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed the diagnostic performance of miR-126-5p (areas under the curve [AUC] = 0.76) and validated miR-499a-5p (AUC = 0.82) as a sensitive marker. Additionally, the decreased expression of the two specific cardio-miRNAs was detected for discriminating CAD-silent SCD and CAD-activated SCD. Compared with the limited diagnostic value of single miR-126-5p and miR-499a-5p, their combination could achieve better discriminative capacity (AUC = 0.82, sensitivity = 91.7%, specificity = 77.8%).ConclusionCardiac miR-126-5p and miR-499a-5p presented good diagnostic abilities for CAD-SCD, and their combination could help evaluate CAD condition. These targeted miRNAs as novel biomarkers are expected to be useful to discriminate the detailed causes in real SCD cases.
Petrogenesis of the late Cretaceous Budongla Mg-rich monzodiorite pluton in the central Lhasa subterrane, Tibet, China: Whole-rock geochemistry, zircon U-Pb dating, and zircon Lu-Hf isotopes
Authors: Liu Hong , Li You-Guo , Li Wen-Chang , Li Guang-Ming , Ma Dong-Fang , Ouyang Yuan , Huang Han-Xiao , Zhang Zhi-Lin , Li Tong , Wu Jun-Yi 
Published: August 2022

Mg-rich monzodiorite are found in the Budongla gold ore district, Zhongba County, Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region, P.R. China. Studying the petrogenesis of this intermediate pluton can provide effective information to explore the geological evolution of the Lhasa terrane. One monzodiorite sample yielded a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 92.7 ± 1.1 Ma (mean square weighted deviation=0.33) using LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating, which represents the late phase of Late Cretaceous magmatism. The rock-forming minerals in the Budongla Mg-rich monzodiorite mainly include K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, biotite augite, and amphibole, and its accessory minerals mainly include magnetite, titanite, zircon, and apatite. The rocks are rich in K2O+Na2O and K2O with medium contents of SiO2, CaO, and A12O3,, suggesting these rocks belong to the high-K calc-alkaline series. These rocks have high MgO, Fe2O3, and FeO, with high Mg# values and low DI, which implies they are Mg-rich intermediate intrusive rocks. The rocks are enriched in LREEs and LILEs and depleted in HREEs and HFSEs. They have negative Eu anomalies, no obvious negative Ce anomalies, and slightly negative εHf(t). We infer that the Budongla pluton is a high-K calc-alkaline metaluminous Mg-rich monzodiorite and intruded during the post-collisional period of the Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes.