bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Post–heart Transplant Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Kim Hong Rae , Kim Ho Jin , Lee Sang Eun , Jung Sung-Ho , Yun Tae-Jin , Kim Jae Joong , Lee Jae Won 
Published: April 2022

Background.
Tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) is a common sequela immediately after heart transplantation, and its occurrence has decreased after the adoption of the bicaval anastomosis technique. However, the fate of the tricuspid valve in patients undergoing heart transplantation using the bicaval technique is uncertain.

Methods.
We identified patients who underwent orthotopic heart transplantation with bicaval technique at our institution between January 2001 and December 2018. Changes in TR on transthoracic echocardiography from the immediately posttransplantation period until 10 y posttransplant were investigated.

Results.
A total of 475 consecutive patients (mean age, 49.1 ± 12.7 y; 153 females) who underwent heart transplantation and followed-up for a median of 74.0 mo (interquartile range, 39.5–118.1) were examined. The severities of TR immediately after heart transplantation were less than mild in 194 patients (40.8%), mild in 253 patients (53.3%), moderate in 20 patients (4.2%), and severe in 8 patients (1.7%). The rates of significant TR at 1 mo, 1 y, 3 y, and 5 y were 4.6% (22 of 475), 2.0% (9 of 459), 1.6% (6 of 387), and 1.4% (4 of 289), respectively. Generalized mixed-effects model showed that the TR decreased over time within 1 y (odd ratio, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.32; P < 0.001) and increased thereafter (odds ratio, 1.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-1.58; P < 0.001). There were no patients who required surgical tricuspid valve intervention.

Conclusions.
In patients undergoing heart transplantation with the bicaval technique, significant TR was less common than the rates reported in previous studies and showed a trend of improvement within a year after surgery.
Lung Transplantation Advanced Prediction Tool: Determining Recipient’s Outcome for a Certain Donor
Authors: Zafar Farhan , Hossain Md Monir , Zhang Yin , Dani Alia , Schecter Marc , Hayes Don , Macaluso Maurizio , Towe Christopher , Morales David L.S. 
Published: April 2022

Background.Many risk-prediction models for lung transplantation are centered on recipient characteristics and do not account for impact of donor and transplant-related factors or only examine short-term outcomes (eg, predicted 1-y survival). We sought to develop a comprehensive model guiding recipient-donor matching.Methods.We identified double lung transplant recipients (≥12 y old) in the United Network for Organ Sharing Registry (2005–2020) to develop a risk scoring tool. Cohort was divided into derivation and validation sets. A total of 42 recipient, donor, and transplant factors were included in the analysis. Lasso method was used for variable selection. Survival was estimated using Cox-proportional hazard models. An interactive web-based tool was developed for clinical use.Results.A derivation cohort (n = 10 660) informed the model with 13-recipient, 4-donor, and 2-transplant variables. Adjusted risk scores were computed for every transplant and grouped into 3 clusters. Model-estimated survival probabilities were similar to the observed in the validation cohort (n = 4464) for all clusters. The mortality increases for medium- and high-risk groups was similar in both derivation and validation cohorts (C statistics for 1-, 5-, and 10-y survival were 0.67, 0.64, and 0.72, respectively). The web-based application estimated 1-, 5-, 10-y survival and half-life for low- (92%, 73%, 52%; 10.5 y), medium- (89%, 62%, 38%; 7.3 y), and high-risk clusters (85%, 52%, 26%; 5.2 y).Conclusions.Advanced methods incorporating machine/deep learning led to a risk scoring model (including recipient, donor, and transplant factors) and a web-based clinical tool providing short- and long-term survival probabilities for recipient-donor matches. This will enable risk-based matching that could improve utilization of and benefit from a limited donor pool.
The Duration in Treatment With Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Patients Screening Positive or Negative for Borderline Personality Disorder Traits
Authors: Luccarelli James , McCoy Thomas H. , Yip Agustin G. , Seiner Stephen J. , Henry Michael E. 
Published: April 2022

Objective
While emerging evidence suggests that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for depressive symptoms in patients with co-occurring borderline personality disorder (BPD) traits, it is unclear whether the presence of BPD traits modulates the tolerability of ECT. This study estimates the association between BPD traits and retention in acute course ECT treatment.

Methods
This study used a retrospective cohort of patients receiving ECT between 2015 and 2020 and who were assessed using the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD, the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report 16-item scale, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment before initiating treatment.

Results
One thousand five hundred eight patients received ECT during the study period, of whom 277 (18.4%) screened positive for BPD traits. Borderline personality disorder traits were associated with a higher odds of remaining in ECT for at least 10 treatments (adjusted odds ratio, 1.502; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–2.02; P = 0.007). Among individual symptom domains, only endorsing chronically feeling empty was associated with duration in ECT treatment.

Conclusions
Among patients receiving ECT, screening positive for BPD traits was associated with a higher odds of receiving at least 10 ECT treatments. These results support the overall tolerability of ECT in patients with BPD traits.
Dengue-2 Cosmopolitan genotype detection and emergence in South America
Authors: Giovanetti Marta , Pereira Luiz Augusto , Santiago Gilberto A. , Fonseca Vagner , García Mendoza Maria Paquita , de Oliveira Carla , de Moraes Laise , Xavier Joilson , Tosta Stephane , Fristch Hegger , de Castro Barbosa Emerson , Strazza Rodrigues Evandra , Figueroa-Romero Dana , Padilla-Rojas Carlos , Cáceres-Rey Omar , Mendonça Ana Flávia , de Bruycker Nogueira Fernanda , Venancio da Cunha Rivaldo , Bispo de Filippis Ana Maria , Freitas Carla , Leonel Peterka Cassio Roberto , Campelo de Albuquerque Carlos Frederico , Franco Leticia , Méndez Rico Jairo Andrés , Muñoz-Jordán Jorge L. , Lemes da Silva Vinícius , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report the first confirmed case of DENV-2 Cosmopolitan genotype isolated from a male patient from Aparecida de Goiania, Goías state, Midwest Brazil. Using nanopore sequencing, and phylogenetic analyses our findings provide the first preliminary insight regarding the introduction of this emerging genotype in Brazil and South America.Article Summary LineMolecular detection of Dengue virus type 2 Cosmopolitan genotype in South America
Predicting Clinical Endpoints and Visual Changes with Quality-Weighted Tissue-based Renal Histological Features
Authors: Tam Ka Ho , Soares Maria F. , Kers Jesper , Sharples Edward J. , Ploeg Rutger J. , Kaisar Maria , Rittscher Jens 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTwo common obstacles limiting the performance of data-driven algorithms in digital histopathology classification tasks are the lack of expert annotations and the narrow diversity of datasets. Multi-instance learning (MIL) can be used to address the former challenge for the analysis of whole slide images (WSI) but performance is often inferior to full supervision. We show that the inclusion of weak annotations can significantly enhance the effectiveness of MIL while keeping the approach scalable.An analysis framework was developed to process periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Sirius Red (SR) slides of renal biopsies. The workflow segments tissues into coarse tissue classes. Handcrafted and deep features were extracted from these tissues and combined using a soft attention model to predict several slide-level labels: delayed graft function (DGF), acute tubular injury (ATI), and Remuzzi grade components. A tissue segmentation quality metric was also developed to reduce the adverse impact of poorly segmented instances. The soft attention model was trained using 5-fold cross-validation on a mixed dataset and tested on the QUOD dataset containing n=373 PAS and n=195 SR biopsies.The average ROC-AUC over different prediction tasks was found to be 0.598±0.011, significantly higher than using only ResNet50 (0.545±0.012), only handcrafted features (0.542±0.011), and the baseline (0.532±0.012) of state-of-the-art performance. Weighting tissues by segmentation quality in conjunction with soft attention has led to further improvement (AUC = 0.618 ± 0.010). Using an intuitive visualisation scheme, we show that our approach may also be used to support clinical decision making as it allows pinpointing individual tissues relevant to the predictions.2020 MSC68T07, 92C50
A novel immersive virtual reality environment for the motor rehabilitation of stroke patients: A feasibility study
Authors: Fregna Giulia , Schincaglia Nicola , Baroni Andrea , Straudi Sofia , Casile Antonino 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe designed and implemented an immersive virtual reality environment for upper limb rehabilitation, which possesses several notable features. First, by exploiting modern computer graphics its can present a variety of scenarios that make the rehabilitation routines challenging yet enjoyable for patients, thus enhancing their adherence to the therapy. Second, immersion in a virtual 3D space allows the patients to execute tasks that are closely related to everyday gestures, thus enhancing the transfer of the acquired motor skills to real-life routines. Third, in addition to the VR environment, we also developed a client app running on a PC that allows to monitor in real-time and remotely the patients’ routines thus opening the door to telerehabilitation scenarios.Here, we report the results of a feasibility study in a cohort of 16 stroke patients. All our patients showed a high degree of comfort in our immersive VR system and they reported very high scores of ownership and agency in embodiment and satisfaction questionnaires. Furthermore, and notably, we found that behavioral performances in our VR tasks correlated with the patients’ clinical scores (Fugl-Meyer scale) and they can thus be used to assess improvements during the rehabilitation program. While further studies are needed, our results clearly support the feasibility and effectiveness of VR-based motor rehabilitation processes.Significance statementApproximately 80% of stroke patients suffer from a hemiparesis of the contralateral upper limb. Motor rehabilitation has been proven to be of key importance to regain, partially or totally, the impaired motor skills. Rehabilitation techniques are based on the repetitive and intense execution of simple motor behaviors. As such they can become taxing and cumbersome for the patients. This often produces non-adherence issues with an obvious negative impact on motor recovery.Here we describe a novel immersive virtual environment for upper limb motor rehabilitation and we report the results that we obtained in a cohort of 16 stroke patients. Our system was designed to turn rehabilitation routines into engaging games and to allow the remote monitoring of the patients’ exercises thus allowing telerehabilitation.All our patients showed a high degree of comfort in our immersive VR system and they reported very high scores of ownership and agency in embodiment and satisfaction questionnaires. Furthermore, and notably, we found that behavioral performances in our VR tasks correlated with the patients’ clinical scores (Fugl-Meyer scale) and they can thus be used to assess improvements during the rehabilitation program.
Distinct respiratory tract biological pathways characterizing ARDS molecular phenotypes
Authors: Sarma Aartik , Christenson Stephanie A. , Zha Beth Shoshana , Pisco Angela Oliveira , Neyton Lucile P.A. , Mick Eran , Sinha Pratik , Wilson Jennifer G. , Moazed Farzad , Leligdowicz Aleksandra , Maddali Manoj V. , Siegel Emily R. , Lyon Zoe M. , Zhou Hanjing , Jauregui Alejandra , Ghale Rajani , Caldera Saharai , Serpa Paula Hayakawa , Deiss Thomas , Love Christina , Byrne Ashley , Kalantar Katrina L. , DeRisi Joseph L. , Erle David J. , Krummel Matthew F. , Kangelaris Kirsten N. , Hendrickson Carolyn M. , Woodruff Prescott G. ,   COMET Consortium, Matthay Michael A. , Langelier Charles R. , Calfee Carolyn S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundTwo molecular phenotypes of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with divergent clinical trajectories and responses to therapy have been identified. Classification as “hyperinflammatory” or “hypoinflammatory” depends on plasma biomarker profiling. Differences in pulmonary biology underlying these phenotypes are unknown.MethodsWe analyzed tracheal aspirate (TA) RNA sequencing (RNASeq) data from 41 ARDS patients and 5 mechanically ventilated controls to assess differences in lung inflammation and repair between ARDS phenotypes. In a subset of subjects, we also analyzed plasma proteomic data. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNASeq) on TA samples from 9 ARDS patients. We conducted differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses,in silicoprediction of pharmacologic treatments, and compared results to experimental models of acute lung injury.FindingsIn bulk RNASeq data, 1334 genes were differentially expressed between ARDS phenotypes (false detection rate < 0.1). Hyperinflammatory ARDS was characterized by an exaggerated innate immune response, increased activation of the integrated stress response, interferon signaling, apoptosis, and T-cell activation. Gene sets from experimental models of lipopolysaccharide lung injury overlapped more strongly with hyperinflammatory than hypoinflammatory ARDS, though overlap in gene expression between experimental and clinical samples was variable. ScRNASeq demonstrated a central role for T-cells in the hyperinflammatory phenotype. Plasma proteomics confirmed a role for innate immune activation, interferon signaling, and T-cell activation in the hyperinflammatory phenotype. Predicted candidate therapeutics for the hyperinflammatory phenotype included imatinib and dexamethasone.InterpretationHyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory ARDS phenotypes have distinct respiratory tract biology, which could inform targeted therapeutic development.FundingNational Institutes of Health; University of California San Francisco ImmunoX CoLabs; Chan Zuckerberg Foundation; Genentech
Cardiovascular diseases worsen the maternal prognosis of COVID-19
Authors: Testa Carolina Burgarelli , de Godoi Luciana Graziela , de Figueiredo Lemos Bortolotto Maria Rita , Jiménez Monroy Nátaly Adriana , de Mattos Bruna Rodrigues , Rodrigues Agatha Sacramento , Vieira Francisco Rossana Pulcineli 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are a risk factor for severe cases of COVID-19. There are no studies evaluating whether the presence of CVD in pregnant women and in postpartum women with COVID-19 is associated with a worse prognosis. In an anonymized open database of the Ministry of Health, we selected cases of pregnant and postpartum women who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection. Among the 1,876,953 reported cases, 3,562 confirmed cases of pregnant and postpartum women were included, of which 602 had CVD. Patients with CVD had an older age (p<0,001), a higher incidence of diabetes (p<0,001) and obesity (p<0,001), a higher frequency of systemic (p<0,001) and respiratory symptoms (p<0,001). CVD was a risk factor for ICU admission (p<0,001), ventilatory support (p=0.004) and orotracheal intubation in the third trimester (OR 1.30 CI95%1.04-1.62). The group CVD had a higher mortality (18.9% vs. 13.5%, p<0,001), with a 32% higher risk of death (OR 1.32 CI95%1.16-1.50). Moreover, the risk was increased in the second (OR 1.94 CI95%1.43-2.63) and third (OR 1.29 CI95%1.04-1.60) trimesters, as well as puerperium (OR 1.27 IC95%1.03-1.56). Hospitalized obstetric patients with CVD and COVID-19 are more symptomatic. Their management demand more ICU admission and ventilatory support and the mortality is higher.
Voice patterns as markers of schizophrenia: building a cumulative generalizable approach via a cross-linguistic and meta-analysis based investigation
Authors: Parola Alberto , Simonsen Arndis , Lin Jessica Mary , Zhou Yuan , Wang Huiling , Ubukata Shiho , Koelkebeck Katja , Bliksted Vibeke , Fusaroli Riccardo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and HypothesisVoice atypicalities are potential markers of clinical features of schizophrenia (e.g., negative symptoms). A recent meta-analysis identified an acoustic profile associated with schizophrenia (reduced pitch variability and increased pauses), but also highlighted shortcomings in the field: small sample sizes, little attention to the heterogeneity of the disorder, and to generalizing findings to diverse samples and languages.Study DesignWe provide a critical cumulative approach to vocal atypicalities in schizophrenia, where we conceptually and statistically build on previous studies. We aim at identifying a cross-linguistically reliable acoustic profile of schizophrenia and assessing sources of heterogeneity (symptomatology, pharmacotherapy, clinical and social characteristics). We relied on previous meta-analysis to build and analyze a large cross-linguistic dataset of audio recordings of 231 patients with schizophrenia and 238 matched controls (>4.000 recordings in Danish, German, Mandarin and Japanese). We used multilevel Bayesian modeling, contrasting meta-analytically informed and skeptical inferences.Study ResultsWe found only a minimal generalizable acoustic profile of schizophrenia (reduced pitch variability), while duration atypicalities replicated only in some languages. We identified reliable associations between acoustic profile and individual differences in clinical ratings of negative symptoms, medication, age and gender. However, these associations vary across languages.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that a strong cross-linguistically reliable acoustic profile of schizophrenia is unlikely. Rather, if we are to devise effective clinical applications able to target different ranges of patients, we need first to establish larger and more diverse cross-linguistic datasets, focus on individual differences, and build self-critical cumulative approaches.
Quantifying phenotype and genotype distributions in single muscle fibres from patients carrying the pathogenic mtDNA variant m.3243A>G
Authors: Ahmed Syeda T , Taylor Robert W , Turnbull Doug M , Lawless Conor , Pickett Sarah J 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundPathogenic mitochondrial (mt)DNA variants cause neuromuscular disease with highly variable severity and phenotypic presentation, the reason for which is poorly understood. Cells are thought to tolerate the presence of pathogenic mtDNA variants up to a threshold proportion with little or no functional consequence, developing significant respiratory complex defects above this threshold. We developed a robust method to identify deficient muscle fibres, applied it to biopsies from 17 patients carrying the common m.3243A>G variant and examined the relationship between respiratory deficiency and m.3243A>G level in hundreds of single skeletal muscle fibres. We hypothesised that single-cell between-patient differences may explain the vast clinical heterogeneity of mtDNA disease.ResultsImmunohistochemical measurements of respiratory complexes I and IV and unsupervised machine learning identified muscle fibres with respiratory deficiency; the pattern of deficiency and proportion of deficient fibres (range 0-64%) varies between patients. Tissue homogenate m.3243A>G level is a poor surrogate for the broad and complex distributions of m.3243A>G level in single cells from individual patients. Estimated thresholds do not differ between patients, but sections with narrow m.3243A>G distributions have a lower proportion of deficient fibres.ConclusionsInter-individual differences in respiratory complex deficiency in muscle fibres from patients with m.3243A>G are more complex than previously thought and may be driven by differential segregation and expansion of mtDNA molecules. Our quantitative observations could constrain the range of feasible mechanisms responsible for phenotypic diversity in mitochondrial disease.
A prospective cohort study of presenteeism and increased risk of unemployment among Japanese workers
Authors: Fujino Yoshihisa , Okawara Makoto , Hino Ayako , Muramatsu Keiji , Nagata Tomohisa , Tateishi Seiichiro , Tsuji Mayumi , Ogami Akira , Ishimaru Tomohiro ,   the CORoNaWork project
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveWe examined the association between presenteeism and risk of job resignations and unemployment among Japanese workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA prospective study of 27,036 Internet monitors was conducted, starting in December 2020, with 18,560 (68.7%) participating in the follow-up by December 2021. The Work Functioning Impairment Scale (WFun) was used to measure the degree of work function impairment.ResultsThe group with the highest WFun scores had higher odds ratios (ORs) for both retirement and unemployment for health reasons than the group with the lowest WFun scores. ORs were 2.97 (95%CI: 2.46-3.59, p<0. 001) and 1.80 (95%CI: 1.64-1.98, p<0.001), respectively.ConclusionsWorkers with work functioning impairment were at increased risk of resignation or unemployment. Management strategies for workers with work functioning impairment are needed to reduce their disadvantages in employment.
Combination of Baricitinib plus Remdesivir and Dexamethasone improves time to recovery and mortality among hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 infection
Authors: Perez-Gutierrez Victor , Shah Virali , Afzal Afsheen , Khalid Amnah , Yangco Ariane , Ocrospoma Sebastian , Cemalovic Nail , Pillai Anjana , kasubhai Moiz , Dimitrov Vihren , Menon Vidya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere seems to be a gap in the therapeutic options for severe Covid-19 pneumonia. Though the beneficial effect of combination treatment with baricitnib and remdesivir in accelerating clinical status improvement is described, the impact of the triple therapy with baricitinib + remdesivir/dexamethasone is not known.MethodsA retrospective observational study comparing the effect of baricitinib plus standard treatment (remdesivir and dexamethasone) with standard therapy in patients requiring ≥ 5 L/min O2 was conducted. The primary outcome was to compared time to recovery in both groups, and the secondary outcomes was to determine mortality rate at discharge.ResultsOf 457 patients hospitalized during the study period, 51 patients received standard treatment while 88 patients received baricitinib plus standard treatment. In baricitinib group, the rate ratio of recovery was 1.28 (95%CI 0.84-1.94, p=0.24) with a reduction in median time to recovery of 3 days compared to standard treatment group. Subgroup analysis based on Ordinal Scale showed reduction in median time to recovery by 4 and 2 days with rate ratio of recovery of 2.95 (1.03-8.42, p =0.04) and 1.80 (1.09-2.98, p=0.02) in Ordinal Scale 5 and 6 respectively. No benefit was found in the Ordinal Scale 7 subgroup. An overall decrease in rate (15.9% vs 31.4% p=0.03) a likelihood (OR 0.41, 95%CI 0.18-0.94, p=0.03) of mortality was observed in the baricitinib group. Bacteremia and thrombosis were noted in the Baricitinib group, but comparable with the Standard of care group.ConclusionBaricitinib with standard therapy reduced time to recovery and offer mortality benefit in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.”