bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community prevalence and dyad disease pattern of multimorbidity in China and India: a systematic review
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Padhi Asutosh , Wei Ting , Xiong Shangzhi , Yu Jie , Ye Pengpeng , Tian Wenijng , Sun Hongru , Peiris David , Praveen Devarsetty , Tian Maoyi 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDriven by the increasing life expectancy, China and India, the two most populous countries in the world are experiencing a rising burden of multimorbidity. This study aims to explore community prevalence and dyad patterns of multimorbidity in China and India.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of five English and Chinese electronic databases. Studies involving adults 18 years or older at a community level, which reported multimorbidity prevalence and/or patterns were included. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. Despite large heterogeneity among reported studies, a systematic synthesis of the results was conducted to report the findings.ResultsFrom 13 996 studies retrieved, 59 studies met the inclusion criteria (46 in China, 9 in India and 4 in both). The median prevalence of multimorbidity was 30.7% (IQR 17.1, 49.4), ranging from 1.5% to 90.5%. There was a large difference in multimorbidity prevalence between China and India, with median prevalence being 36.1% (IQR 19.6, 48.8) and 28.3% (IQR 8.9, 56.8), respectively. Among 27 studies that reported age-specific prevalence, 19 studies found multimorbidity prevalence increased with age, while 8 studies observed a paradoxical reduction in the oldest age group. Of the 34 studies that reported sex-specific prevalence, 86% (n=32) observed a higher prevalence in females. The most common multimorbidity patterns from 14 studies included hypertensive diseases combined with diabetes mellitus, arthropathies, heart diseases and metabolic disorders. All included studies were rated as fair or poor quality.ConclusionMultimorbidity is highly prevalent in China and India with hypertensive diseases and other comorbidities being the most observed patterns. The overall quality of the studies was low and there was a lack of representative samples in most studies. Large epidemiology studies, using a common definition of multimorbidity and national representative samples, with sex disaggregation are needed in both countries.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020176774.
Fermionic wave functions and Grassmann fields as possible sources of dark energy
Authors: Brito L. C. T. , Pereira S. H. , Barboza L. N. , Felipe J. C. C. , Jesus J. F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study a cosmological model with a fermionic field which can be interpreted as a source of dark energy in the universe. Two different approaches were considered, the first one with a massless fermionic field represented by a standard wave-function and the second one where a massive field is a Grassmann variable. The first case naturally reduces to a XCDM model with a constant equation of state parameter, while the last case reproduces a w(z)CDM model for a massive field, and in the massless limit, the intrinsic Grassmannian property of the field leads always to a vacuum equation of state parameter, irrespective the specific form of the potential. Both cases leads to a dark energy contribution of the fermionic sector. The models are totally compatible with recent cosmological data from Supernovae, BAO and Hubble parameter measurements. A brief study of linear evolution of density perturbations shows that some of the small scale problems related to standard model can be at least alleviated.
MEX3C-Mediated Decay of SOCS3 mRNA Promotes JAK2/STAT3 Signaling to Facilitate Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Yunyun , Li Yue , Shi Dongni , Wang Xiaoqing , Dai Shuqin , Yang Muwen , Kong Lingzhi , Chen Boyu , Huang Xinjian , Lin Chuyong , Liao Wenting , Xu Benke , Chen Xin , Wang Lishuai , Chen Xiangfu , Ouyang Ying , Liu Guozhen , Li Heping , Song Libing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Tumor metastasis is one of the major causes of high mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sustained activation of STAT3 signaling plays a critical role in HCC metastasis. RNA binding protein (RBP)–mediated posttranscriptional regulation is involved in the precise control of signal transduction, including STAT3 signaling. In this study, we investigated whether RBPs are important regulators of HCC metastasis. The RBP MEX3C was found to be significantly upregulated in highly metastatic HCC and correlated with poor prognosis in HCC. Mechanistically, MEX3C increased JAK2/STAT3 pathway activity by downregulating SOCS3, a major negative regulator of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. MEX3C interacted with the 3′UTR of SOCS3 and recruited CNOT7 to ubiquitinate and accelerate decay of SOCS3 mRNA. Treatment with MEX3C-specific antisense oligonucleotide significantly inhibited JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation, suppressing HCC migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. These findings highlight a novel mRNA decay-mediated mechanism for the disruption of SOCS3-driven negative regulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling, suggesting MEX3C may be a potential prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target in HCC.

Significance:
This study reveals that RNA-binding protein MEX3C induces SOCS3 mRNA decay to promote JAK2/STAT3 activation and tumor metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma, identifying MEX3C targeting as a potential approach for treating metastatic disease.
MEX3A Impairs DNA Mismatch Repair Signaling and Mediates Acquired Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma
Authors: Gan Tian , Wang Yan , Xie Manyi , Wang Qiang , Zhao Saisai , Wang Peng , Shi Qinyu , Qian Xuanchen , Miao Faan , Shen Zhigang , Nie Er 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

MutS protein homolog 2 (MSH2) is a key element involved in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, which is responsible for recognizing and repairing mispaired bases. Simultaneously, MSH2 identifies DNA adducts induced by temozolomide (TMZ) and triggers apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. Previous work has revealed that reduced MSH2 expression is often observed in patients with glioblastoma (GBM) who relapse after chemotherapy. Elucidation of the mechanism behind TMZ-mediated reduction of MSH2 could help improve GBM treatment. Here, we report significant upregulation of Mex-3 RNA binding family member A (MEX3A) in GBM tissues and cell lines following TMZ treatment. MEX3A bound to the MEX3 recognition element (MRE) of MSH2 mRNA, which in turn recruited CCR4–NOT complexes to target MSH2 mRNA for deadenylation and degradation. In addition, ectopic expression of MEX3A significantly decreased cellular DNA MMR activities and reduced the chemosensitivity of GBM cells via downregulation of MSH2, while depletion of MEX3A sensitized GBM cells to TMZ. In MGMT-deficient patients with GBM, MEX3A expression correlated with MSH2 levels, and high MEX3A expression was associated with poor prognosis. Overall, these findings reveal a potential mechanism by which MSH2 expression is reduced in post-TMZ recurrent GBM.

Significance:
A MEX3A/CCR4–NOT/MSH2 axis plays a crucial role in promoting temozolomide resistance, providing new insights into the function of MEX3A and suggesting MEX3A as a potential therapeutic target in therapy-resistant glioblastoma.
Pilot Study of ONCOS-102 and Pembrolizumab: Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment and Clinical Outcomes in Anti–PD-1–Resistant Advanced Melanoma
Authors: Shoushtari Alexander N. , Olszanski Anthony J. , Nyakas Marta , Hornyak Thomas J. , Wolchok Jedd D. , Levitsky Victor , Kuryk Lukasz , Hansen Thomas B. , Jäderberg Magnus 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Intratumoral oncolytic virotherapy may overcome anti–PD(L)-1 resistance by triggering pro-inflammatory remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This pilot study investigated ONCOS-102 (oncolytic adenovirus expressing GM-CSF) plus anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD)-1 therapy in anti–PD-1–resistant melanoma.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with advanced melanoma progressing after prior PD-1 blockade received intratumoral ONCOS-102 either as priming with 3 doses (3 × 1011 viral particles) during Week 1 [Part 1 (sequential treatment)] or as 4-dose priming and 8 booster doses every 3 weeks [Part 2 (combination treatment)]. From Week 3, all patients received pembrolizumab every 3 weeks (≤8 doses). The primary endpoint was safety. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival, and immunologic activation in repeat biopsies were also investigated.

Results:
In 21 patients (Part 1, n = 9; Part 2, n = 12) ONCOS-102 plus pembrolizumab was well tolerated: most adverse events (AE) were mild/moderate in severity. Pyrexia (43%), chills (43%), and nausea (28%) were the most common ONCOS-102–related AEs. There were no dose-limiting toxicities. ORR was 35% [response evaluation in solid tumors (RECIST) 1.1, irRECIST]. Reduction in size of ≥1 non-injected lesions observed in 53% patients indicated a systemic effect. In injected tumors, persistent immune-related gene expression and T-cell infiltration were associated with clinical benefit. Viral persistence and efficacy in injected and non-injected lesions without additional toxicity supported Part 2 dosing regimen in future studies.

Conclusions:
ONCOS-102 plus pembrolizumab was well tolerated and led to objective responses in patients with anti–PD-1–resistant advanced melanoma. ONCOS-102 promoted T-cell infiltration, particularly cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, which persisted at Week 9, driving clinical benefit. Further investigation of ONCOS-102 plus PD-1 blockade is warranted.
See related commentary by Levi and Boland, p. 3
BT8009; A Nectin-4 Targeting Bicycle Toxin Conjugate for Treatment of Solid Tumors
Authors: Rigby Michael , Bennett Gavin , Chen Liuhong , Mudd Gemma E. , Harrison Helen , Beswick Paul J. , Van Rietschoten Katerine , Watcham Sophie M. , Scott Heather S. , Brown Amy N. , Park Peter U. , Campbell Carly , Haines Eric , Lahdenranta Johanna , Skynner Michael J. , Jeffrey Phil , Keen Nicholas , Lee Kevin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMultiple tumor types overexpress Nectin-4 and the antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), enfortumab vedotin (EV) shows striking efficacy in clinical trials for metastatic urothelial cancer, which expresses high levels of Nectin-4, validating Nectin-4 as a clinical target for toxin delivery in this indication. Despite excellent data in urothelial cancer, little efficacy data are reported for EV in other Nectin-4 expressing tumors and EV therapy can produce significant toxicities in many patients, frequently leading to discontinuation of treatment. Thus, additional approaches to this target with the potential to extend utility and reduce toxicity are warranted. We describe the preclinical development of BT8009, a “Bicycle Toxin Conjugate” (BTC) consisting of a Nectin-4–binding bicyclic peptide, a cleavable linker system and the cell penetrant toxin mono-methylauristatin E (MMAE). BT8009 shows significant antitumor activity in preclinical tumor models, across a variety of cancer indications and is well tolerated in preclinical safety studies. In several models, it shows superior or equivalent antitumor activity to an EV analog. As a small hydrophilic peptide-based drug BT8009 rapidly diffuses from the systemic circulation, through tissues to penetrate the tumor and target tumor cells. It is renally eliminated from the circulation, with a half-life of 1–2 hours in rat and non-human primate. These physical and PK characteristics differentiate BT8009 from ADCs and may provide benefit in terms of tumor penetration and reduced systemic exposure. BT8009 is currently in a Phase 1/2 multicenter clinical trial across the US, Canada, and Europe, enrolling patients with advanced solid tumors associated with Nectin-4 expression.
Job’s Endurance (Jas 5:11b)
Authors: List Nicholas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Interpreters have often struggled to account for the way in which the author of James employs the figure of Job as an example of ὑπομονή (Jas 5:11). Since a “steadfast” or “patient Job” is clearly incongruous with the book of Job, the Testament of Job is often forwarded as the preferred source of James’ Joban tradition. This article argues that James’ language of ὑπομονή should be read against its wider Greco-Roman literary background, and when done so, the Greek term emerges as an active, aggressive virtue, best rendered “enduring resistance.” The article posits that the author of James has reread the book of Job within this Greco-Roman literary framework, resulting in a congruent, though thoroughly Hellenistic, reading of Septua-gint Job in which the virtue of endurance takes on a newfound centrality.
Not the Prophet like Moses, but the One of Whom the Prophets Spoke
Authors: Akagi Kai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The dominant interpretation of Acts 3:22 and 7:37 understands Deut 18:15, 18–19 to be applied to Jesus so as to identify him as an anticipated, individual “prophet like Moses.” Interpreting these verses instead as understanding Deut 18 as a general reference to prophets, however, provides a smoother reading that aligns with the Lukan theme of the prophetic anticipation of Jesus as the messiah. Other literature does not provide decisive support that Deut 18 would be interpreted as prophesying an individual. Jesus is not the prophet like Moses, but rather the one of whom Moses and the prophets spoke.
The Manliness of Women and the Social Construction of Gender in the New Testament Period
Authors: Hylen Susan E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scholars who study gender in the New Testament period largely agree that a person’s gender did not inevitably result from their sex. Masculinity was achieved through habits of behavior and bodily comportment. Men who did not maintain such standards could be criticized for becoming “effeminate,” a move downward on the gender hierarchy. Yet scholars have not understood women to have a comparable ability to move up the gender hierarchy by becoming masculine. Although a few examples of “manly” women are well known in early Christian literature, scholars have largely seen such women as an aberration from cultural expectations and as likely to draw criticism. This article argues instead that manliness was a positive trait in women, meant to convey praise. However, women were also criticized as tribades for pursing sexual relationships that were viewed as excessive and framed as masculine. The variety of possibilities and the positive valence of manliness in women point to greater complexity and fluidity in ancient gender construction.
Development and characterisation of SSR markers in the potato rot nematode Ditylenchus destructor
Authors: Ma Jukui , Chen Jingwei , Zhang Chengling , Yang Dongjing , Tang Wei , Gao Fangyuan , Xie Yiping , Sun Houjun 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The potato rot nematode, Ditylenchus destructor, causes serious disease limiting the production of many crops. This disease usually decreases sweet potato yield by 20-50%, and in heavily infested fields the crop may be completely lost. Although the nematode has economic importance in China, its transmission route and genetic diversity are unknown. In this study, a collection of 1761 contigs of the D. destructor genome was mined for simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which resulted in the identification of 9745 SSRs. A total of 150 pairs of SSR primers were further developed and used for validation of the amplification rate and assessment of the polymorphism. Nine SSR markers were finally identified and analysed using 96 individual specimens of D. destructor sampled from four provinces in China. These loci were found to be moderately polymorphic with 2-8 alleles per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosity across the four populations ranged from 0.000 to 0.833 and from 0.000 to 0.666, respectively. This is the first report of the development and characterisation of genomic SSR markers in D. destructor. Our study demonstrated the obvious gene differentiation among different populations of D. destructor in China. This suggests that D. destructor in China may have been introduced from multiple origins. Much more work is needed on this species to identify patterns of spread, and the microsatellite loci we develop here should be useful in many regions for modelling range expansion, studying the evolution of resistance, and increasing the effectiveness of pest management strategies.
Influence of entomopathogenic nematodes, symbiotic bacteria and ascarosides on the dispersal behaviour of Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Dai Kang , Cao Li , Huang Zhihua , Gu Xinghui , Cui Yonghe , Li Jiangzhou , Li Yuling , Xu Chengti , Han Richou 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Dispersal is an important behaviour for nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are able to regulate plant-parasitic nematodes in the field. However, the mechanism for the interactions between two types of nematodes is not clearly known. The effects of 12 synthesised ascarosides, three EPN species (Steinernema carpocapsae All, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora H06 and H. indica LN2), and 15 symbiotic bacterial isolates from EPN on the dispersal of Meloidogyne incognita were investigated. The results revealed that M. incognita juveniles were repelled, to various degrees, by most of the tested ascarosides (especially ascr#9), three species of EPN, and by bacterial isolates (especially TT01 from H. bacteriophora TT01 and H06 from H. bacteriophora H06), compared with the controls. Ascr#9 was abundant in M. incognita juvenile-conditioned supernatant. This provides useful cues for elucidating the interaction mechanism between two nematode groups and establishing alternative techniques for the safe and effective control of root-knot nematodes.
The Paradox of the Margins
Authors: Masfa Gabriel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The early growth prospects of the American-Based Seventh-day Adventist Church in Africa were blurry because of challenges that early missionaries encountered. However, against all odds, the denomination on this continent shook off setbacks related to its difficult beginnings in the 1900s. Through the investigation of familiar and unfamiliar themes, this article seeks to raise awareness about new dynamics in the context of global Seventh-day Adventism. Adventism would not cease to be a thing of Western origin, but its future can be decisively determined by the hands of its non-Western adherents, who naturally share little of Western culture. The change in the Adventist landscape is not simply a matter of new names of Black origin being added to the church records, but of imposing new realities that necessitate a new way of life, a new vision of leadership, new strategies for mission, and new thinking accommodative of cultural shifts.
From the Ruins of Empire
Authors: Rodríguez Lago José Ramón 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
After Spain lost its overseas territories, Spanish priests increased their presence in Africa. From an analysis of the bibliography and the press of the time as well as of the different documents issued by the nunciature of Madrid, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, and the Secretariat of State of the Vatican, it is possible to draw some significant conclusions about the evolution of Spanish missions in the Protectorate of Morocco and Spanish Guinea in the four decades that separate the so-called Disaster and the propagandistic myth of the Crusade represented by Francoists – and Africanists – during the civil war.
The Transformation of the Religious thought of the Pokot of Northwestern Kenya, c.1800–1900
Authors: Shiyuka Karani 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHistorical studies have indicated that African religions, in the pre-colonial period, were dynamic and multilayered with long histories of contradictions, contestations, and synthesis. Using the Pokot of north-western Kenya as a case in point, this contribution attempts to demonstrate the fluidity that was inherent in African religions. The Pokot originally were an agro-pastoral group inhabiting the Cherang’any and the Sekerr ranges. During the first half of the nineteenth century, a section of them descended the hills to pursue pastoralism. In their pastoral excursions, they came into contact with Plain Nilotes, especially the Karimojong. What followed was cross-cultural bartering of religious artefacts, both ideological and material, in which process the Pokot adopted selected religious aspects from the Karimojong and fused them with their previous beliefs to formulate syncretism. This contribution not only highlights the religious concepts that were fused but, also, attempts to explain the process of fusion itself.
Where Ethnoregionalism and Nationalism Meet
Authors: Muś Anna , Jakubowski Tomasz , Kijonka Justyna , Sarna Paweł 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three decades ago, political science and legal studies took almost no interest in a small region in Central Europe called Upper Silesia. Today, the scholarly literature in many disciplines is growing due, among other things, to the references to the situation of Silesians made by the Advisory Committee of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in the Fourth Opinion on Poland. However, most of those studies do not include analysis of the most important political context: ethnopolitics in the Republic of Poland, its past and present. In this paper, we aim to explore the dynamic relations between Poles and Silesians and the consequences of those relations on public law. We also analyse the rise of the ethnoregionalist movement in Upper Silesia. Then, we analyse ethnopolitics in Poland in relation to Upper Silesia, especially in the context of Polish national identity.
From Rights to Collective Action. A Way Out of Labour Exploitation
Authors: Protopapa Venera 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article critically assesses the criminal law approach to labour exploitation and challenges the assumption that its limited effectiveness depends on the hesitation and unwillingness of migrant workers to collaborate with competent authorities. It adopts a legal mobilisation approach to explore how law and litigation can effectively play a role in fighting labour exploitation. It does so by focusing on the experience of collective mobilisation of migrant farmworkers in the Agro Pontino in Italy. In accordance with the findings emerging from the case study, the article makes an attempt at rethinking strategies for fighting labour exploitation in Europe, based on the needs and expectations of exploited workers as described in the 2019 FRA Report on labour exploitation. It proposes therefore an exercise of “legal imagination” that aims to identify under EU law the provisions that would allow to translate these needs and expectations into legal claims.
Tutankhamun and Eastern Civilization: Víctor Mercante and the Beginnings of Egyptology in Argentina
Authors: Salem Leila 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Even one hundred years after the discovery of Tutankhamun’s tomb, its repercussions can still be felt. In this paper we analyze the book entitled Tut-Ankh-Amon y la Civilización de Oriente (1928) by Víctor Mercante, who travelled to Egypt in 1923. This is the first book about Tutankhamun ever written in Spanish. In it, Carter’s discovery is revealed to the reader and an Aegean thesis is proposed so as to understand the historical context of the ancient pharaoh. The Aegean thesis refers to a proposal made by Mercante by means of which the Aegean civilization is directly credited with all cultural, trade, and political development during the Amarna Period. Mercante’s book constitutes a piece of writing from the margins of Egyptology, within the framework of Orientalism, and it marks the beginning of the discipline in Argentina.