bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Private Events in a Public Park: Contested Music Festivals and Environmental Justice in Finsbury Park, London
Authors: Smith Andrew , Osborn Guy , Vodicka Goran 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCity parks have long been understood as contested spaces. But creeping privatisation and commercialisation in an era of neoliberal austerity have heightened tensions between different user groups, and between local communities and park authorities. This chapter provides an in-depth case study of a contested green space in a global city. Finsbury Park in London opened in 1869 as the people’s park with the aim of improving the living conditions for the working classes. However, it is now a highly commercialised park, regularly hosting private events which are justified by the local authority as necessary to finance the maintenance of the park. The chapter focuses on the dispute between the local Friends group and Haringey Borough Council over music festivals staged in Finsbury Park. The Friends of Finsbury Park have challenged the legality of these events in the UK courts as they affect the accessibility of public space. Wireless—billed as the UK’s biggest and most famous urban music festival—is particularly controversial. This is an expensive and disruptive event, but one that celebrates urban and youth cultures, suggesting it may have positive as well as negative effects on park accessibility. Based on field work conducted from 2017 to 2020, and the analysis of documents covering the dispute, this case study assesses the ways that music festivals affect the status of Finsbury Park as a people’s park. The chapter highlights the wider implications of this local dispute and outlines the socio-spatial impacts of the shift in London towards parks financed by commercial income.
Institutional Strategies of ASEAN/ASEAN-Led Institutions
Authors: Koga Kei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the institutional strategy of each ASEAN and ASEAN-led institution in the four phases, 1990–2002, 2003–2012, 2013–2016, and 2017–2020: (1) ASEAN Foreign Ministers’ Meeting (AMM), (2) ASEAN Summit, (3) ASEAN–China dialogues, (4) ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), (5) East Asia Summit (EAS), and (6) ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting (ADMM) and ADMM-Plus. All these frameworks are important because they, either formally or informally, discuss the traditional-security issues, including the South China Sea disputes. Moreover, these institutions experience different institutional growths, and the specific timing and function of their institutional development highlight the divergences in the evolution of institutional strategy. ASEAN+3 and ASEAN-PMC are excluded in the analysis because the ASEAN+3 has not been actively discussing the South China Sea issue while ASEAN-PMC only began to touch on the issue since the mid-2010s.
Conclusion: Future Implications of ASEAN’s Institutional Strategies
Authors: Koga Kei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter discusses the validity of the conceptual and theoretical frameworks of institutional strategy by providing a quick overview of all the cases. It also compares the six cases and analyzes how the institutional division of labor among ASEAN member states was operationalized. The conclusion then discusses the future of the role of ASEAN and ASEAN-led institutions vis-à-vis the SCS situation as well as the strategic implications of an emerging geographical concept—the Indo-Pacific.
Reconstructing bulk equation of motion using CFT modular Hamiltonians
Authors: Callebaut Nele , Lifschytz Gilad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the framework of bulk reconstruction, we elucidate the relationship between the action of CFT modular Hamiltonians on bulk operators, the possible equation of motion for the bulk operators, and the charge distribution at infinity corresponding to such bulk fields. In particular for scalar fields interacting with gravity or with gauge fields, we show how CFT considerations of the action of the modular Hamiltonian constrain the possible bulk equation of motion to be consistent with bulk gauge invariance and diffeomorphism invariance. In fact we show that requiring that the action of the modular Hamiltonian on a dressed bulk scalar operator be compatible with some unknown simple equation of motion, fixes, under reasonable assumptions, both the equation of motion and the action of the modular Hamiltonian once the first order $$ \frac{1}{N} $$

1
N

terms are known.
Effect of hysterectomy on re-operation for stress urinary incontinence: 10 year follow-up
Authors: Tulokas Sari , Mentula Maarit , Härkki Päivi , Brummer Tea , Kuittinen Tea , Mikkola Tomi , Rahkola-Soisalo Päivi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hysterectomy and mid-urethral sling (MUS) are common operations, but little is known about how hysterectomy after MUS affects the risk for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) relapse.

Methods
We included 49 women with a MUS before hysterectomy and 41 women with a MUS concomitant with hysterectomy. The controls, matched by age (± 2 years), MUS type (retropubic vs transobturator) and operation year (± 2 years), included 201 women who underwent the MUS operation without a subsequent hysterectomy. We used health care registers for follow-up of 12.4 years in median (IQR 10.9–14.7) after the MUS operation to compare the number of SUI re-operations and hospital re-visits for urinary incontinence.

Results
The re-operation rates for SUI did not differ between the women with MUS before hysterectomy (n = 2, 4.1%), women with MUS concomitant with hysterectomy (n = 2, 4.9%) and their controls (n = 4, 4.9%, p = 0.8 and n = 6, 5.0%, p = 1.0, respectively). There were significantly fewer urinary incontinence re-visits among women who had a MUS concomitant with the hysterectomy compared to their matched controls (n = 2 and 31, 5 and 31%, p < 0.01) and to the women with a MUS prior to hysterectomy (n = 2 and 10, 5 and 20%, respectively, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
Hysterectomy after or concomitant with MUS does not seem to increase the risk for SUI re-operation or hospital re-visits for urinary incontinence. These results can be used to counsel women considering hysterectomy after MUS operation or concomitant with MUS operation.
A method to estimate optimal renovation period of solar photovoltaic modules
Authors: Pardo Miguel Ángel , Jodar-Abellan Antonio , Vélez Sergio , Rodrigo‐Comino Jesús 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRenewable energy sources are essential to reduce the negative impacts on the environment caused by burning fossil fuels. Using solar photovoltaic installations in recent years means that decision-makers must consider infrastructure renewal decisions. An expenditure framework to achieve the optimal renovation period of photovoltaic modules is proposed here from an economic standpoint. This approach includes not only the investment and maintenance costs but also energy and emissions savings. A sensitivity analysis was carried out using a case study in south-eastern Spain, achieving that the optimal renovation period ranges between 17.0 and 24.7 years. Many factors are studied to identify those with the greatest influence on this indicator. Installing a solar power system is always a profitable choice considering that the installation lifetime is 25 years. Neglecting the influence of these limits may cause potential savings not fully exploited.Graphical abstract
Der Ergotismus – ein Ackerunkraut aus Mesopotamien wurde in Europa zum noch immer aktuellen Epidemie-Erreger
Authors: Flamm Heinz 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDer im Zwischenstromland in den Weizenäckern als Unkraut gewachsene Roggen wurde in Europa zur züchtbaren Nutzpflanze und in bestimmten Gegenden zur vorherrschenden Getreidesorte. Mit dem Roggen ist auch sein Parasit, der Mutterkornpilz Claviceps purpurea, nach Europa gekommen. Dieser Schlauchpilz infiziert einzelne Roggenkörner, worauf er das deren Größe übertreffende, die giftigen Ergotalkaloide enthaltende Sklerotium, das Mutterkorn, bildet. Diese Stoffe erzeugen die zwei charakteristischen Krankheitsformen, den Ergotismus gangraenosus und den Ergotismus convulsivus.Das klinische Bild des Ersteren war bereits in der beginnenden Neuzeit und noch ohne Kenntnis der Ursache als „Ignis sacer“, „Antonius-Feuer“ und „Kalter Brand“ bezeichnet worden. Bei dieser fieberfreien Erkrankung meist der Extremitäten zersetzte sich die Muskulatur ohne Blutungen und ohne Schmerzen und bald brachen die muskelfreien Knochen ab. Früher oder später tat der Tod ein. Die frühere Therapie war die Amputation.Der Ergotismus convulsivus, der meist in den deutschen Gebieten als „Kriebelkrankheit“ beschrieben wurde, begann mit dem Gefühl des Ameisenlaufens auf den Gliedern, gefolgt durch das charakteristische Symptom der sehr schmerzhaften Kontrakturen der Hände und Füße. Es kam auch zum Verlust der Sinne und der Sprache und schließlich zum Tod.Die hauptsächliche Aufnahme des Pilzgiftes mit Roggenmehlprodukten, aber auch bei der Gewinnung und Bearbeitung des geernteten Roggens und auch die Frage von „Carry-over“ beim Genuss von tierischen Nahrungsmitteln und Milch werden besprochen. Es wird betont, dass zur Einhaltung der gesetzlichen österreichischen und EU-Höchstwerte an Sklerotien bzw. Ergotalkaloiden in gewissen für die menschliche und die tierische Ernährung bestimmten Getreideprodukten die geschilderten derzeitigen präventiven Maßnahmen vor dem Vermahlen weiterhin notwendig sind.
Multiscale procedure to assign structural damage levels in masonry buildings from observed or numerically simulated seismic performance
Authors: Cattari Serena , Angiolilli Michele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe damage level (DL) is a fundamental metric in earthquake engineering and is particularly effective for multiple purposes, such as correlating structural damage to consequences and losses (e.g. economic, casualties, etc.) as well as to physical and mechanical variables quantifiable from both experimental and numerical tests. Despite the relevance of the topic, the conversion of complex information on the damage spreading over a 3D building into a synthetic DL remains an open issue for which there are currently no agreed-upon scientific criteria in the literature. Within this context, the study focuses on unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings by providing an analytical multi-scale approach that integrates structural damage at the panel-scale and macro-element size (where the macro-element is intended as an assemblage of components, like vertical walls or diaphragms). The approach is specifically conceived to be applied consistently to both observed and numerically simulated damage. As a result, the method is particularly effective for supporting the validation of numerical models or synthetically interpreting the huge amount of results from nonlinear analyses as much as feasible using an objective basis. The paper proposes a comparison of DL interpretation arising from other approaches in the current literature, highlighting their pros and cons. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure is then assessed using four URM case studies, all of which exhibited primarily a ‘box-like behaviour’. They were specifically chosen based on the extremely detailed documentation available for both the damage and geometric/mechanical features of the buildings as well as aiming to reduce the uncertainty in the seismic input, making them ideal candidates also for validation purposes. To this end, the applicability of the procedure also to the damage simulated by nonlinear dynamic analyses was proven by adopting equivalent frame models of the case studies, developed and calibrated in previous researches. Definitely, the results encourage the adoption of the proposed procedure to interpret as analytically as possible the real damage that occurred on URM building, when accurate damage observations from field surveys are available, as well as that coming from numerical simulations.
On the Heat Death and the Big Crunch
Authors: Müller Ingo , Müller Wolfgang H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article is an exercise in elementary mechanics and thermodynamics. It emphasizes the basic difference between mechanics and thermodynamics which lies in the irreversibility of the latter theory. Clausius [1] (Poggendorff’s Annalen der Physik, p. 125, 1865) – the discoverer of entropy – was led to express the dichotomy in the famous slogandie Energie der Welt ist constant, anddie Entropie der Welt strebt einem Maximum zu.(Gibbs put these slogans on top of his comprehensive memoir [2] (Gibbs, On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances, pp. 108–248, 1876).)And again Clausius [3] (Über den zweiten Hauptsatz der mechanischen Wärmetheorie, A lecture given at the general session of German natural scientists and physicians in Frankfurt/M on September 23, 1867, 1867) invented the notion of the heat death as the final destiny of the world. Nowadays it has become quiet around the heat death. Says Asimov [4] (Asimov’s Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 1975): “Though the laws of thermodynamics stand as firmly as ever, cosmologists ... [show] a certain willingness to suspend judgement on the matter of heat death.” And we, the authors of this article, might add that present-day cosmologists know so little about the universe that heat death is a tiny spot in the sea of ignorance and therefore not worthy of discussion by serious scientists. All the more reason to take a fresh look at the subject.Now, however, this article is most definitely not a contribution to formal and technical cosmology as described in the monograph [5] (Cosmology, 2008) by S. Weinberg, or the popular booklet [6] (Fundamentals. Ten Keys to Reality, 2021) by F. Wilczek. Far from it! We treat a monatomic ideal gas under adiabatic conditions in two situations: The gas in a cylinder under a locked piston which – at some instance – is released; and a homogeneous cloud of gas at rest when – at some time – gravitation is “switched on”.It is only by a big leap of imagination that the two cases may be viewed as models for the universe. We also admit that we do not know whether the universe is adiabatic and free of working. Clausius and Gibbs thought so and we follow authority and investigate the validity of the prediction of the heat death and the related idea of the big crunch under these assumptions. We shall confirm the heat death as a very hot event but refute the big crunch.
The value sensitive design of a preventive health check app
Authors: Strikwerda Litska , van Steenbergen Marlies , van Gorp Anke , Timmers Cathelijn , van Grondelle Jeroen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn projects concerning big data, ethical questions need to be answered during the design process. In this paper the Value Sensitive Design method is applied in the context of data-driven health services aimed at disease prevention. It shows how Value Sensitive Design, with the use of a moral dialogue and an ethical matrix, can support the identification and operationalization of moral values that are at stake in the design of such services. It also shows that using this method can support meeting the requirements of the General Data Protection Regulation.
Beyond (Non)-Instrumentalization: Migration and Dignity within a Kantian Framework
Authors: Mieth Corinna , Williams Garrath 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article offers a Kantian account of dignity violations in the context of contemporary migration to western states. It considers three major issues: “modern slavery,” statutory detention, and lack of rights to engage in economic activity. While most Kantian accounts emphasize the dignity violations of treating people as “mere means,” we point out that this does not capture the central issue: the “hostile environment” that so many migrants face. The first part of the article briefly sets out a Kantian account of dignity violations. The second part highlights two key differences between modern slavery and its historical forebears. It emphasizes the interpersonal rather than institutional character of modern slavery, and distinguishes trafficking from smuggling. The third part argues that migrants who lack formal rights to remain and work face institutional exclusions that violate human dignity. Policies that aim to discourage and restrict immigration demean people’s status as ends in themselves. Moreover, they do so by actively denying opportunities toact as meansfor others. As such, the article draws a link between Kant’s well-known cosmopolitan right not to be treated with hostility and his less well-known ethical duty, “to be a useful member of the world.” Dignity can be found in acting as a means for others; hostility and exclusion can violate dignity just as much as instrumentalization.
Opportunities, approaches and challenges to the engagement of citizens in filling small water body data gaps
Authors: Kelly-Quinn M. , Biggs J. N. , Brooks S. , Fortuño P. , Hegarty S. , Jones J. I. , Regan F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMonitoring the condition (water quality, biodiversity, hydromorphology) of small water bodies presents a challenge for the relevant authorities in terms of time and resources (labour and financial) due to the extensive length of the stream network or the sheer number of small standing water bodies. Citizen science can help address information gaps, but the effort required should not be underestimated if such projects are to generate reliable and sustained data collection. The overall aim of this paper is to propose a framework for operationalisation of citizen science targeting collection of data from small water bodies. We first consider the data gaps and the elements (water chemistry, ecology, hydromorphology) to be addressed, in order to define where citizen science could best make an impact. We review examples of tools and methods that are appropriate for small water bodies, based on experience from a selection of freshwater citizen science projects, and the support that is needed for effective and sustained small water body projects across Europe.
Thinking About the Study of Buddhist Texts: Ideas from Jerusalem, in More Ways Than One
Authors: Silk Jonathan A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany issues are raised by thinking about “The Idea of Text in Buddhism.” This paper concentrates on scriptures of Indian Buddhism, and considers some of the questions raised or inspired by the papers presented at the 2019 Jerusalem conference on “The Idea of Text in Buddhism.” Consideration is given among other topics to multilingualism, in which context a comparison is offered with the traditions of the Targums in Jewish literature.
Engaging educators in the ideation of scenarios for cross-reality game-based learning experiences
Authors: Zarraonandia Telmo , Díaz Paloma , Aedo Ignacio , Bellucci Andrea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCross-reality media technology creates alternate reality experiences in which the physical and the virtual world are interconnected and influence each other through a network of sensors and actuators. Despite technological advances, the landscape of cross-reality technology as an enabler of alternate reality educational experiences has not been explored yet. The technical expertise required to set up and program such mixed environments is too high to engage the problem owners (i.e. educational experts) in the design process and, hence, user-driven innovation remains challenging. In this paper we explore the co-creation of cross-reality experiences for educational games. We created a no-programming toolkit that provides a visual language and interface abstractions to quickly build prototypes of cross-reality interactions. The toolkit supports experience prototyping and allows designers to coproduce, with educational experts, meaningful scenarios while they create, try out and reconfigure their prototypes. We report on a workshop with 36 educators where the toolkit was used to ideate cross-reality games for education. We discuss use cases of game-based learning applications developed by the participants that follow different pedagogical strategies and combine different physical and virtual spaces and times. We outline implications for the design of cross-reality interactions in educational settings that trigger further research and technological developments.
Decentralisation or Recentralisation in Bolivia? Autonomous Territorial Entities and Intergovernmental Relations in a Decentralised State
Authors: del Campo Esther , Reinón Manuel Sánchez 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe demand for regional autonomy, which crystallised in the 1990s during municipal decentralisation, has profoundly marked Bolivia’s political history. This article examines the reorientation of the autonomic model since the 2009 Constitution. This “recentralisation” is explained by: (a) the political hegemony achieved by the Movimiento al Socialismo (MAS) and its consequences for local politics; (b) regulatory centralism, especially in the Ley Marco de Autonomías y Descentralización (Autonomy and Decentralisation Law); (c) fiscal inequality in the financing of the different Autonomous Territorial Entities; and (d) the malfunctioning of the model of intergovernmental relations.
Ferocactus herrerae Fruits: Nutritional Significance, Phytochemical Profiling, and Biological Potentials
Authors: Abdel-Baki Passent M. , Ibrahim Rana M. , Mahdy Nariman E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe current study reports for the first time the nutritional, fruit volatiles, phytochemical, and biological characteristics of Ferocactus herrerae J. G. Ortega fruits. The nutritional analysis revealed that carbohydrate (20.6%) was the most abundant nutrient followed by dietary fibers (11.8%), lipids (0.9%), and proteins (0.8%). It was rich in vitamins, minerals, essential, and non-essential amino acids. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the headspace-extracted volatiles showed that 3-methyl octadecane (35.72 ± 2.38%) was the major constituent detected. Spectrophotometric determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the fruit methanolic extract (ME) showed high total phenolic [9.17 ± 0.87 mg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE)] and flavonoid [4.99 ± 0.23 mg/g quercetin equivalent (QE)] contents. The ME was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (HPLC-UV), which allowed for both qualitative and quantitative estimation of 16 phenolic compounds. Caffeic acid was the major phenolic acid identified [45.03 ± 0.45 mg/100 g dried powdered fruits (DW)] while quercitrin (52.65 ± 0.31 mg/100 g DW), was the major flavonoid detected. In-vitro assessment of the antioxidant capacities of the ME revealed pronounced activity using three comparative methods; 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (132.06 ± 2.1 μM Trolox equivalent (TE) /g), 2,2′-azino-di(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), (241.1 ± 5.03 uM TE/g), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (258.9 ± 1.75 uM TE/g). Besides, remarkable anti-inflammatory [COX-1 (IC50 = 20.2 ± 1.1 μg/mL) and COX-2 (IC50 = 9.8 ± 0.64 μg/mL)] and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory (IC50 = 1.01 ± 0.39 mg/mL) activities were observed. Finally, our results revealed that these fruits could be used effectively as functional foods and nutraceuticals suggesting an increase in their propagation.