bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of settler farming on indigenous agriculture: Evidence from Italian Libya
Authors: Bertazzini Mattia C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhat effect did the settlement of European farmers have on the indigenous agricultural sector during the colonial period? On the one hand, European immigrants imported skills and capital but, on the other, they took control of local resources. By looking at the short‐term effect of Italian farming in colonial Libya, I shed new light on this question. Through regression analysis on a novel village dataset covering the entire country, I show that, in 1939, proximity to Italian farms was associated with significantly lower land productivity relative to distant locations. Lower yields can be explained by the adoption of land‐extensive cultivation techniques, implemented by indigenous farmers to counteract a labour drain operated by Italian farms through factor markets. The combined mitigating effect of monetary wages and land‐extensive farming only partially compensated for the fall in income linked to reduced land productivity.
HLA‐DRB1*03:01 is associated with female sex and younger age of anti‐LGI1 encephalitis
Authors: Liu Xu , Guo Kun Dian , Lin Jingfang , Gong Xue , Li Ai Qing , Zhou Dong , Hong Zhen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThis study was undertaken to investigate the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype and clinical characteristics of anti‐LGI1 encephalitis.MethodsHLA genotyping was performed in 34 patients with anti‐LGI1 encephalitis admitted to West China Hospital between April 2014 and May 2021, as well as in 305 healthy controls. The online tool NetMHCIIpan 4.0 and AutoDock Vina software were used to predict binding between LGI1 peptide and HLA class II molecules.ResultsRisk of anti‐LGI1 encephalitis was strongly associated with the DRB1*03:01 allele (odds ratio [OR] = 4.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.96–9.25, corrected p = 2.75 × 10−4) and the DRB1*03:01‐DQB1*02:01 haplotype (OR = 4.45, 95% CI = 2.02–9.59, corrected p = 2.94 × 10−4). Compared to carriers of the DRB1*07:01 allele, those with the DRB1*03:01 allele were more likely to be female (93.3% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.004) and to be younger (median age = 38 vs. 65 years, p < 0.001). DRB1*03:01 carriers showed stronger response to immunotherapy than carriers of the DRB1*07:01 allele, based on median score decrease on the modified Rankin scale (2, interquartile range = 1–2 vs. 1, interquartile range = 0–1; p = 0.03) at 4 weeks after immunotherapy. Prediction and docking algorithms suggested that the LGI1 peptide can bind to the DRB1*03:01 molecule strongly.ConclusionsThe strong association between anti‐LGI1 encephalitis and certain HLA class II alleles supports a primary autoimmune origin for the disease. Carriers of the DRB1*03:01 allele in Chinese patients with anti‐LGI1 encephalitis are more likely to be female, to suffer earlier disease onset, and to respond better to immunotherapy.
Seed pathway for pest dissemination: The ISTA Reference Pest List, a bibliographic resource in non‐vegetable crops
Authors: Denancé Nicolas , Grimault Valérie 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFood security is threatened by harmful pests whose impact may strongly differ among crops, agricultural practices and world regions. International movement of seed can be a pathway for pest dissemination into new geographic areas. The most damaging pests are regulated in some countries and/or regions of the world. Scientific evidence is crucial in taking such decisions. Seed testing is key in preventing movement of pests by seeds. It should target pests which have been selected based on defined scientific criteria. The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) Reference Pest List summarizes scientific knowledge on the possible dissemination of pests through seeds in non‐vegetable plant species. Released as an evolving, free online tool, it currently contains 255 seed‐borne or seed‐contaminating pests in 11 plant species, including 126 host–pest combinations where seed is a pathway of spread (v7.0, Feb. 2021; https://www.seedtest.org/en/pest‐list‐tool‐_content‐‐‐1‐‐3477.html). The ISTA Reference Pest List should become a valuable source for risk assessors and policy makers.
Clinical, biological, and genetic features in an afibrinogenemia patient series in Algeria
Authors: Hadjali‐Saichi Soraya , de Mazancourt Philippe , Tapon‐Bretaudière Jacqueline , Mirault Tristan , Guenounou Kahina , Frigaa Issam , Fischer Anne‐Marie , Chafa Ouerdia , Helley Dominique 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of afibrinogenemia had not been previously reported in Algeria. Afibrinogenemia patients are prone to both haemorrhagic and thrombotic complications. Predictive markers of thrombosis in afibrinogenemia patients are not existent.Aims and methodsClinical and biological data from 46 afibrinogenemia patients are reported. Biological investigations included routine tests, genetics analysis and thrombin generation.ResultsFGA mutations (four novel and four previously described) and FGB mutations (seven mutations; five novels) were homozygous in all but one family as a result of 28 consanguineous marriages out of 30 discrete families. Incidence of afibrinogenemia in Algeria is at least 3 per million births. Umbilical bleeding was reported in 39/46 cases and was the main discovery circumstance. We also report post trauma or post‐surgery (3/46) bleeding and spontaneous deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in adulthood (1/46), as discovery circumstances. The median age (10.5‐year‐old) of the population reported here explains why there are few hemarthrosis and obstetrical or gynaecological complications in this series. Thrombotic events were reported in seven patients (four spontaneous). Endogenous Thrombin Potential was significantly increased in thrombosis‐prone patients compared to afibrinogenemic patients with and without personal or familial history (1118 vs. 744 and 817 nM IIa × min, respectively).ConclusionThe incidence of afibrinogenemia in Algeria is the consequence of consanguineous marriage in families carrying private mutations. The thrombin generation test (TGT) could identify, among afibrinogenemic patients, those presenting a thrombotic risk.
Outcome of single‐ versus two‐visit root canal retreatment in teeth with periapical lesions: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Karaoğlan Fulya , Miçooğulları Kurt Seniha , Çalışkan Mehmet Kemal 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of single‐visit root canal retreatment and compare the results with conventional two‐visit root canal retreatment as control group.MethodologyOne hundred root canal‐treated, single‐rooted asymptomatic teeth with periapical lesion were retreated by one operator. Fifty of the teeth were randomly assigned to the single‐visit group and the others were treated in two visits. In both groups, root canal filling material was removed, and re‐instrumentation of the root canal was performed using step‐back technique with hand files using 2.5% NaOCl and 5% EDTA as irrigants. In the single‐visit group, 5 ml 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) were applied as the final irrigation and in the two‐visit group, calcium hydroxide paste was placed into the root canal as an interappointment dressing. All root canal obturations were performed with lateral compaction. All patients were followed up for 24 months. The success was determined depending on both healed and healing cases. The chi‐square or Fisher's exact test was used to analyse the differences between the groups for success rates and the factors affecting the outcome.ResultsThe recall rate was 89 (89%). At 24 months, 39 teeth (88.6%) were considered as healed, three teeth (6.8%) as healing, and two teeth (4.5%) were identified as failed in the single‐visit group, while in the two‐visit group 39 teeth (86.7%) had healed, two teeth (4.4%) were scored as healing, and four teeth (8.9%) as failed. There was no statistically significant difference in the success rates between the two groups (p > .05). Size of the lesion and the preoperative length of root canal filling had a statistically significant impact on the outcome (p < .05).ConclusionNo statistically significant difference was observed in terms of healing in 24‐month follow‐up of retreatments completed in single visit or two visits in asymptomatic teeth with periapical lesions. The size of the periapical lesion and initial apical level of root canal filling have affected the outcome of root canal retreatment.
Mediating roles of karma and self‐enhancement in the effect of religious and spiritual primes on bystanders' reporting intention
Authors: Muralidharan Sidharth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractReligious priming promotes engagement in prosocial action; however, findings about spiritual priming are relatively scant. Using Hindu (India) and Christian (U.S.) participants, a two‐part study was conducted. The aim of the first part (i.e., Study 1) was to observe which motives to volunteer (i.e., egoistic or altruistic) related to religiosity and spirituality. Findings show that religiosity had a positive impact on egoistic volunteering, while spirituality had a positive impact on altruistic volunteering. The aim of the second part (i.e., Study 2) was to apply the findings from Study 1 to test priming effects in public service announcements about domestic violence prevention. The mediating effects of karma and self‐enhancement in the relationship between religiosity or spirituality and reporting intention were also examined. Findings show that the religious ad was more effective than the spiritual ad in priming religiosity and spirituality among Hindus; that is, karma mediated the effect of religiosity and spirituality on their reporting intention. Among Christians, spiritual primes were effective, and self‐enhancement mediated the impact of spirituality on reporting intention; at the same time, religious primes led to the direct impact of religiosity and spirituality on reporting intention. Overall, the apparent efficacy of religious and spiritual priming is promising, and the findings indicate the significance of spirituality in domestic violence prevention messaging. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Relationship between parents' and children's objectively assessed movement behaviours prior to and during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: García‐Alonso Yesenia , García‐Hermoso Antonio , Izquierdo Mikel , Legarra‐Gorgoñon Gaizka , Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson , Alonso‐Martínez Alicia M. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic could have provoked undesirable harmful effects on movement behaviours among children.ObjectiveTo compare levels of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep time in children prior to and during the COVID‐19 pandemic (after the lockdown) and to determine the association between changes in moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA), total PA (TPA), SB, and sleep time between mothers and fathers with their children.MethodsA total of 110 children (aged 4–7 years) and their parents (63 mothers and 52 fathers) wore GENEActiv accelerometers for 6 days (4 weekdays and 2 weekend days) prior to the pandemic and 1 year into the pandemic to assess SB, MVPA, TPA, and sleep time.ResultsChildren performed more MVPA on weekdays (p = 0.002), had higher SB (p = 0.001), and slept fewer hours during the pandemic than before (p < 0.001). Likewise, children performed more weekend day MVPA and TPA (p < 0.001) during the pandemic, and slept less than prior to the pandemic (p = 0.002). On weekdays, an increase in mother's MVPA and TPA (categorized as tertiles) was associated with higher increased on MVPA (p = 0.030) and TPA in their children (p = 0.023), respectively. On weekends, an increase in mother's MVPA was also associated with higher increases in MVPA (p = 0.011) in their children.ConclusionDuring the pandemic, children got more MVPA, more SB, and slept fewer hours than before. Changes in PA seem to be associated with mother's behaviours, especially during weekdays.
Affinely adjustable robust optimization for a multi‐period inventory problem with capital constraints and demand uncertainties
Authors: Qiu Ruozhen , Sun Yimeng , Sun Minghe , Yu Yue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on a multi‐period inventory problem with capital constraints and demand uncertainties. The multi‐period inventory problem is formulated as an optimization model with a joint chance constraint (JCC) requiring the purchase cost for each period not to exceed the available capital with a probability guarantee. To hedge against demand uncertainties, an affinely adjustable robust optimization approach is used to convert the developed model into a robust counterpart. By approximating the JCC under a budgeted uncertainty set to which the demands belong, the robust multi‐period inventory model with the JCC is transformed into a linear programming model, which can be solved efficiently. Numerical studies are reported to illustrate the robustness, practicality, and effectiveness of the proposed model and the solution approach. The numerical results show that the proposed model and solution approach outperform the sample average approximation approach. Numerical studies are used further to analyze the impact of the budget coefficient and the upper bound parameter on the inventory costs and the realized capital constraint satisfaction rate. The proposed model and solution approach are further extended to the multi‐product case.
Deficit irrigation maintains maize yield through improved soil water extraction and stable canopy radiation interception
Authors: Zhao Jin , Xue Qingwu , Jessup Kirk E. , Marek Thomas H. , Xu Wenwei , Bell Jourdan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDeficit irrigation (DI) is an effective way to save irrigation water while maintaining sustainable yield in irrigated crops. However, limited information is available related to canopy structure and solar radiation use under DI condition. In this study, our objective was to assess maize hybrids for leaf development, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception and water use under DI condition. Field experiments were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in four maize hybrids at well‐watered (I100, referring to 100% evapotranspiration [ET] requirement) and DI (I75, referring to 75% ET requirement) water regimes. Compared to I100, I75 did not reduce maize biomass and grain yield. Although DI reduced the leaf appearance rates (1.5% in 2016 and 7.6% in 2017) and resulted in greater variations in leaf area index (LAI) among hybrids, the amount of PAR interception was not affected during the growing season. DI significantly reduced the seasonal ET in both years (19.8% in 2016 and 26.6% in 2017). All the hybrids extracted more soil water (29 mm in 2016 and 27 mm in 2017) at I75 than at I100. Maize plants at I75 had greater water use efficiency (WUE) (1.68 kg m−3) than those at I100 (1.41 kg m−3). However, DI did not affect radiation use efficiency (RUE). In conclusion, DI at I75 maintained grain yield through improved soil water extraction and WUE but stable canopy radiation interception and RUE.
Microbial and metabolic profiles of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and therapeutic effects of potential probiotics Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium bifidum
Authors: Li Ying , He Li , Zhao Qin , Bo Tao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common respiratory disease in newborns; however, there is no effective treatment. We aimed to investigate the effects of the potential probiotics Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium bifidum on BPD using 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics methods.

Methods and Results
Faecal samples were collected from 10 BPD patients and 10 healthy subjects. 16S rDNA sequencing results showed that microbial diversity was decreased and compositions were affected in BPD. Escherichia-Shigella and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 were increased in the BPD group, and Enterobacteriaceae, Megamonas, Blautia, Lactobacillus (Limosilactobacillus), [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group, Phascolarctobacterium and Bifidobacterium were reduced. Metabolomics analysis identified 129 differentiated metabolites that were changed in BPD patients, and they were associated with a preference for carbohydrate metabolism in translation and metabolism during genetic information processing. Correlation analysis revealed a remarkable relationship between gut microbiota and metabolites. Subsequently, a BPD cell model was constructed to test the effect of the potential probiotics. Cell function experiments verified that treatment with the potential probiotics L. reuteri and B. bifidum promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of hyperoxia-induced MLE-12 cells. In addition, treatment with the potential probiotics L. reuteri and B. bifidum reduced inflammation and oxidative stress damage.

Conclusions
Treatment with the potential probiotics L. reuteri and B. bifidum could alleviate BPD and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress damage.

Significance and Impact
This study was the first to report positive roles for the potential probiotics L. reuteri and B. bifidum in BPD. The potential probiotics L. reuteri and B. bifidum were shown to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress damage in BPD. This study provided new insights on the pathogenesis and treatment of BPD.
Mexiletine effectively prevented refractory Torsades de Pointes and ventricular fibrillation in a patient with congenital type 2 long QT syndrome
Authors: Nakashima Ryosuke , Takase Susumu , Kai Keiji , Sakamoto Kazuo , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report a 28‐year‐old female patient with congenital type 2 long QT syndrome (LQTS) in which mexiletine shortened corrected QT interval (QTc) and effectively prevented refractory Torsade de Pointes (TdP) and ventricular fibrillation (VF). She developed TdP and VF, and was subsequently diagnosed with congenital type 2 LQTS. She had refractory TdP and VF every day despite medical therapy including β‐blocker. They were completely suppressed after the initiation of mexiletine with shorting of QTc interval.
Esophagogastric complications in radiofrequency and cryoballoon catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Oikawa Jun , Fukaya Hidehira , Wada Takuya , Kishihara Jun , Sato Tetsuro , Matsuura Gen , Nakamura Hironori , Ishizue Naruya , Katada Chikatoshi , Tanabe Satoshi , Niwano Shinichi , kusano Chika , Ako Junya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionDirect comparison studies about the incidence of esophagogastric complications between radiofrequency (RF) and cryoballoon (CB) catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) have been scarce. We sought to elucidate the relationship between the pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) modalities and esophagogastric complications.MethodsThe study population consisted of 254 patients who underwent CA for AF from November 2017 to October 2018. Finally, 160 patients were enrolled and divided into the RF and CB groups. Esophageal ulcers, gastric hypomotility, and exfoliative esophagitis detected by esophagogastroduodenoscopy were defined as esophagogastric complications in this study.ResultsThe median age was 68 years old, with 34% being females. Esophagogastric complications were observed in 42.5% of patients who underwent CA. According to the detailed esophagogastric complications, the RF group had a higher prevalence of esophageal ulcers than the CB group (19% vs. 0%, p < .0001). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding gastric hypomotility and exfoliative esophagitis (18% vs. 28%; p = .15 and 16% vs. 21%; p = .42, respectively).ConclusionAsymptomatic esophagogastric complications were common in CA for AF. The incidence of esophageal ulcers was higher in the RF group than in the CB group, whereas the other esophagogastric complications did not significantly differ.
Increased mTORC2 pathway activation in lymph nodes of iMCD‐TAFRO
Authors: Phillips Alexis D. , Kakkis Joseph J. , Tsao Patricia Y. , Pierson Sheila K. , Fajgenbaum David C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIdiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare and life‐threatening haematologic disorder involving polyclonal lymphoproliferation and organ dysfunction due to excessive cytokine production, including interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Clinical trial and real‐world data demonstrate that IL‐6 inhibition is effective in 34–50% of patients. mTOR, which functions through mTORC1 and mTORC2, is a recently discovered therapeutic target. The mTOR inhibitor sirolimus, which preferentially inhibits mTORC1, has led to sustained remission in a small cohort of anti‐IL‐6‐refractory iMCD patients with thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, renal dysfunction and organomegaly (iMCD‐TAFRO). However, sirolimus has not shown uniform effect, potentially due to its limited mTORC2 inhibition. To investigate mTORC2 activation in iMCD, we quantified the mTORC2 effector protein pNDRG1 by immunohistochemistry of lymph node tissue from six iMCD‐TAFRO and eight iMCD patients who do not meet TAFRO criteria (iMCD‐not‐otherwise‐specified; iMCD‐NOS). mTORC2 activation was increased in all regions of iMCD‐TAFRO lymph nodes and the interfollicular space of iMCD‐NOS compared with control tissue. Immunohistochemistry also revealed increased pNDRG1 expression in iMCD‐TAFRO germinal centres compared with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), an mTOR‐driven, sirolimus‐responsive lymphoproliferative disorder, and comparable staining between iMCD‐NOS and ALPS. These results suggest increased mTORC2 activity in iMCD and that dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitors may be a rational therapeutic approach.
Systematic molecular analysis of the human secretome and membrane proteome in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Rehman Adeel ur , Olsson Per Olof , Akhtar Aleena , Padhiar Arshad Ahmed , Liu Hanyang , Dai Yi , Gong Yu , Zhou Yan , Khan Naveed , Yang Haojun , Tang Liming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe human secretome and membrane proteome are a large source of cancer biomarkers. Membrane‐bound and secreted proteins are promising targets for many clinically approved drugs, including for the treatment of tumours. Here, we report a deep systematic analysis of 957 adenocarcinomas of the oesophagus, stomach, colon and rectum to examine the cancer‐associated human secretome and membrane proteome of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinomas (GIACs). Transcriptomic data from these GIACs were applied to an innovative majority decision‐based algorithm. We quantified significantly expressed protein‐coding genes. Interestingly, we found a consistent pattern in a small group of genes found to be overexpressed in GIACs, which were associated with a cytokine–cytokine interaction pathway (CCRI) in all four cancer subtypes. These CCRI associated genes, which spanned both one secretory and one membrane isoform were further analysed, revealing a putative biomarker, interleukin‐1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP), which indicated a poor overall survival, a positive correlation with cancer stemness and a negative correlation with several kinds of T cells. These results were further validated in vitro through the knockdown of IL1RAP in two human gastric carcinoma cell lines, which resulted in a reduced indication of cellular proliferation, migration and markers of invasiveness. Following IL1RAP silencing, RNA seq results showed a consistent pattern of inhibition related to CCRI, proliferation pathways and low infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8 naive cells. The significance of the human secretome and membrane proteome is elucidated by these findings, which indicate IL1RAP as a potential candidate biomarker for cytokine‐mediated cancer immunotherapy in gastric carcinoma.