bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTRET PEMBELAJARAN DARING MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS SINGAPERBANGSA KARAWANG DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Nurfaida Afifah 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitin ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai kegiatan proses pembelajaran PJJ (Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh) yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa UNSIKA di tengah pandemi covid-19 dan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang menjadi kendala mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran jarak jauh. Subjek Penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa UNSIKA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti berupa kusioner sebagai pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan cara memberikan seperangkat pertanyaan melalui Google Form kepada mahasiswa UNSIKA yang dijadikan responden untuk dijawabnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Dilihat dari aspek kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor yang dimiliki mahasiswa UNSIKA ketika melakukan proses pembelajaran jarak jauh di masa pandemi covid-19 sangat menurun. (2) Kendala yang dirasakan mahasiswa UNSIKA ketika pjj, seperti susah mencari sinyal, ketidak siapan dalam menggunakan aplikasi-aplikasi untuk komunikasi secara daring, dan keadaan dirumah yang kurang nyaman sehingga dapat menghilangkan fokus dalam pembelajaran. (3) Dampak positif yang dirasakan oleh mahasiswa UNSIKA dalam melakukan kegiatan PJJ seperti mahasiswa lebih aktiv dalam membantu orangtua dirumah dan dapat memberikan manfaat yaitu meningkatkan kesadaran untuk menguasai kemajuan teknologi saat ini dan mengatasi permasalahan proses pendidikan di Indonesia. Kualitas kontrol mutu pendidikan menjadi tantantangan tersendiri bagi pendidik maupun peserta didik dalam penyesuaian pembelajaran yang tradisonal berubah menjadi fleksibel dan dapat membuat sebagian pelajar mulai resah. PJJ (Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh) dinilai cukup efektif untuk mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 di lingkungan pendidikan.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAMS-GAMES-TOURNAMENT (TGT) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA ULAR TANGGA BANGUN DATAR TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA
Authors: Barumbun Mardyanto 
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan mengetahui efektivitas pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TGT dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual siswa kelas tujuh pada materi bangun datar dengan menggunakan alat permainan ular tangga bangun datar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan metode pendekatan pre-eksperimental dengan desain one-group pre-test-post-test yang melibatkan satu kelas VII di SMP Negeri 29 Makassar yang beranggotakan 29 siswa. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan instrumen tes pemahaman konsep geometri, angket respons siswa, dan lembar observasi. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa (1) rata-rata pemahaman konsep siswa setelah pembelajaran mencapai 86,21%. Bahkan, terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep secara signifikan sebelum dan setelah diterapkannya pendekatan pembelajaran dengan bantuan media tersebut. (2) Terdapat respons positif dari siswa terhadap proses pembelajaran dengan pemanfaatan media di dalamnya. Hasil analisis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TGT menggunakan media Ular Tangga Bangun Datar efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) terkait geometri bangun datar.
Cholesterol and its biological significance. Atherosclerosis. Statin therapy (Part 1)
Authors: Vasiliev A. P. , Streltsova N. N. 
Published: April 2022

Despite the profound development of the theory explaining atherosclerosis pathogenesis, many questions still remain open. Modern ideas about the nature of atherosclerotic lesions in the vascular wall are largely based on the results of N.N. Anichkov’s research where hypercholesterolemia is considered the key point. Numerous theories of atherosclerosis have been proposed to date. However, the lipid-infiltrative idea, established over 100 years ago, remains dominant, and, despite the involved controversies, this concept lays the foundation for the therapeutic and preventive measures in cardiovascular diseases.Aim. The purpose of this review is to remind the reader of the biological significance of cholesterol, which performs essential vital functions in the body; to discuss some controversial points of view and contradictory facts regarding the etiological role of hypercholesterolemia in atherogenesis, which call into question the appropriateness of using blood cholesterol content as an indicator of disease severity and the possibility to assess the treatment effectiveness based on cholesterol level dynamics.
Imaging of early vasogenic edema in hyperperfusion zones of venous ischemic stroke
Authors: Semenov S. E. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the features of cerebral edema in cases of venous ischemic stroke with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.Material and Methods. The study included 33 patients with venous stroke as a result of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Comparison group comprised 33 patients with arterial ischemic stroke. The control group included 33 individuals. Neuroimaging included native computed tomography (CT) of the brain at admission and at days 5–7, perfusion CT (MSCT 64) within the first 40 minutes of admission to the hospital, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain (1.5T) within the first 24–48 hours of the disease.Results and Discussion. The relationships were found between the early intercellular edema development according to diffusion MRI and a signal inversion on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (a decrease in the perifocal zone against the background of a high signal of cytotoxic edema), an increase in the signal with the average upper limit of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) range (0.82 ± 0.05) * 10-3 mm2 /s differing only from the central zone, and moderate plethora of perifocal zones (with an increase in rCBV and rCBF by 27–28%) according to perfusion CT. These phenomena could be unfavorable factors for the development of edema and probable hemorrhage (in 27% of cases in venous stroke versus 9% in arterial stroke), but were accompanied by a more favorable clinical outcome of venous stroke (improvement in 66% of cases with a complete regression of neurological deficit in 25% versus 57% without complete regression of symptoms in arterial) with a lower incidence of necrosis/infarction (in 50% of cases versus ¾ of cases of ischemic stroke). The presence of a significant correlation between the parameters of lesion area and the relative values of CT-based perfusion and MRI-based diffusion (r = 0.44; p < 0.05) suggested that the early vasogenic edema and hyperemia were the elements of a pathophysiological mechanism for the development of cerebral venous ischemia, which, unlike arterial ischemia, is secondary in nature, associated with mechanical arterial vasoconstriction due to intercellular edema.Conclusion. Probably, vasogenic edema in most cases of venous stroke, developing almost simultaneously with cytotoxic edema, does not reach the peak of pathological changes and stop in development at the stage of ionic edema with a functional impairment of permeability of the anatomically intact blood-brain barrier when it can reverse. The progressive development of vasogenic edema is a factor for the deepening of ischemia to necrosis/infarction and secondary hemorrhagic transformation.
The prevalence of ischemic pattern of heart damage in patients with acute myocardial infarction depending on the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease: Magnetic resonance study
Authors: Mochula O. V. , Vorobeva D. A. , Ussov W. Yu. , Zavadovsky K. V. 
Published: April 2022

Currently, there are practically no works that are devoted to the analysis of different types of damage to ischemic and nonischemic patterns in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), depending on the nature of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries.In this regard, the aim of this work was to evaluate the frequency of ischemic pattern of heart damage in patients with AMI depending on the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease.Material and Methods. The study retrospectively included patients with a working diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (CMR) during the first week after hospitalization. A 1.5 T CMR was performed using a standard protocol. T2-WI, T1-WI, and IR-images were visually assessed for edema and scar/necrosis, respectively. The pattern of acute ischemic damage to the left ventricular (LV) myocardium was an increase in the signal intensity on T2-WI as a sign of myocardial edema and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) with a typical ischemic nature of contrast enhancement: subendocardial/subtransmural/transmural. The non-ischemic nature of myocardial injury was defined as intramyocardial/subepicardial LGE.Results. Based on invasive coronary angiography (ICA) data, patients were divided into two groups: group of myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (MICAD group) and group of MI and non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA group). It was found that the frequencies of occurrence of subendocardial pattern of cardiac LGE in early CMR did not differ in the groups of AMI patients against the background of obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). The most characteristic MR-pattern in MICAD patients was transmural LGE, including that in combination with microvascular obstruction (MVO). The most characteristic MR-pattern in MINOCA patients was mid-wall/insertion point LGE. Subepicardial LGE occurred with equal frequency in MICAD and MINOCA patients.Conclusion. The most pathognomonic MR-pattern of myocardial damage in AMI against the background of obstructive CAD was the transmural type of LGE with or without the phenomenon of MVO. Identification of the subendocardial type of LGE in patients with MINOCA allowed to stratify these patients into a higher risk group with a further change in treatment tactics.
Immediate results of off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting using autoarterial conduits in situ and Y-graft configurations
Authors: Muradov A. G. , Efendiev V. U. , Andin A. V. , Drobot D. B. , Sakovich V. A. 
Published: April 2022

Aim. To compare the immediate results of off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using autoarterial conduits.Material and Methods. From January 2018 to September 2021, 178 coronary artery bypass grafting operations using autoarterial conduits were performed in the Department No. 1 of the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (Krasnoyarsk). The operation was performed on a beating heart in 88 patients (group 1) and using cardiopulmonary bypass in 90 patients (group 2). The majority of patients were males in both groups: 76 (86.3%) and 75 (83.3%) patients (p = 0.287). The patients were comparable in age (61.6 ± 7.7 and 60.2 ± 7.5 years, p = 0.237), body mass index (30.9 ± 5.7 and 29.8 ± 5, p = 0.18), and the presence of concomitant diabetes mellitus (30 (34%) and 19 (21.1%), p = 0.052). There were significantly more patients with hemodynamically significant lesions of the brachiocephalic arteries in group 1 (27 (30.7%) versus 13 (14.4%), p = 0.009) and calcification of the ascending aorta (24 (27.3%) versus 11 (12.2%), p = 0.011). The number of hemodynamically significant affected coronary arteries did not differ between the groups: 2.6 ± 0.7 versus 2.5 ± 0.5 (p = 0.393).Results. Both internal thoracic arteries were used in situ or in the form of Y-grafts in both groups depending on the number of distal anastomoses. Hospital mortality was 2 patients (2.2%), both from group 2 (p = 0.161). The groups were comparable in the number of distal anastomoses (2.7 ± 0.7 and 2.7 ± 0.6, p = 0.532), the incidence of acute perioperative myocardial infarction (1 (1.1%) and 1 (1.1%), p = 0.987), neurological complications (1 (1.1%) and 2 (2.2%), p = 0.576), and bleeding requiring resternotomy (1 (1.1%) and 3 (3.3%), p = 0.325). Deep sternal wood infection was absent in both groups.Conclusion. Autoarterial coronary artery bypass grafting is an effective method of myocardial revascularization in both the beating heart surgery and in cardiopulmonary bypass conditions. This method should be considered an operation of choice for patients with multiple coronary artery disease. The performance of operations in the conditions of cardiopulmonary bypass does not affect the increase in the number of cardiocerebral events in the postoperative period.
Associations between MRI signs of kidney parenchymal changes and biomarkers of renal dysfunction in resistant hypertension
Authors: Ryumshina N. I. , Zyubanova I. V. , Sukhareva A. E. , Manukyan M. A. , Anfinogenova N. D. , Gusakova A. M. , Falkovskaya A. Yu. , Ussov W. Yu. 
Published: April 2022

Objective. Resistant hypertension (RHT) is often associated with kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, especially in diabetic patients. Early detection of renal changes contributes to avoiding severe cardiovascular complications, but imaging characteristics of renal dysfunction in RHT remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationships between the renal parenchyma volumes and biomarkers reflecting kidney function in a cohort of patients with RHT.Material and Methods. The study comprised 34 patients with RHT meeting the inclusion criteria. Evaluation of renal function was based on the measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum levels of creatinine and cystatin C. Renal sizes were assessed by MRI based on absolute and normalized parenchymal kidney volumes.Results. Primary MRI-based changes in renal parenchyma in patients with RHT demonstrated altered cortical surface, attenuated cortical thickness, lower renal volumes, and round shape of the kidneys compared with the reference characteristics. Positive correlation of moderate power was found between eGFR value and all parameters characterizing renal parenchyma. The strongest direct correlation was found between eGFR and bsa-TKV (r = 0.6166, p = 0.000); ht-TKV correlated with eGFR (r = 0.4751, p = 0.007) and creatinine (r = –0.4302, p = 0.016). According to linear regression analysis, ht-T-Cortex-V < 32.4 was a key element of MRI-presentation of renal dysfunction in patients with eGFR below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 60.7%, p = 0.03).Conclusion. MRI study allowed to detect early renal parenchymal changes suggesting the presence of association between renal function and renal parenchymal volume in RHT patients. For the first time, the study revealed MRI-pattern of renal dysfunction in RHT.
Analysis of the Medicinal Products for Human Use Authorised in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kosenko V. V. , Yagudina R. I. , Lednev O. A. , Serpik V. G. 
Published: April 2022

The available range of medicinal products is growing every year.The aim of the study was to analyse the range of medicines authorised in the Russian Federation.Materials and methods: the analysis covered the data presented in the State Register of Medicines (as of June 2021) and the current regulations specifying the range of medicines.Results: this article presents the results of analysis of medicines authorised in the Russian Federation, in terms of the following parameters: international non-proprietary names, trade names, groups according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, dosage forms, routes of administration, primary and secondary packaging, storage conditions, and shelf life. The analysis demonstrated that there are over 19 thousand medicines authorised in the Russian Federation, most of which are produced in Russia. The largest groups of medicines are antimicrobial products for systemic use, medicines for the treatment of nervous system and cardiovascular system disorders. The most common dosage form is tablets, and the most common primary packaging is vials. The most frequent storage temperature requirements are 15–25 and 2–8 °C. About half of all medicines have the shelf life of 3 years.Conclusions: the data presented in this article can be used for unification of approaches to maintaining the State Register of Medicines, elaboration of reference books, and will be useful for medicine developers and manufacturers when planning and preparing regulatory submissions.
Standardisation of the method for prekallikrein activator determination in human immunoglobulin and albumin products
Authors: Kornilova O. G. , Krivykh M. A. , Voropaev A. A. , Fadeikina O. V. , Volkova R. A. 
Published: April 2022

Assessment of prekallikrein content is essential for safety control of human immunoglobulin and albumin products. The inherent variability of human prekallikrein reagents and chromogenic substrates indicates the need for standardisation of the chromogenic assay, using the components of a reference standard (RS) not only for construction of calibration curves, but also for confirmation of validity, consistency, and reproducibility of results within different established ranges. The aim of the study was to improve the quality control of human plasma products in terms of prekallikrein activator content. Materials and methods: prekallikrein activator content was determined by the chromogenic assay according to the procedure described in General Monograph 1.8.2.0013.18 of the Russian Pharmacopoeia, using various prekallikrein reagents. An RS was developed in a spiking test, using human albumin solution and Hageman factor beta-fragment reagent. Shewhart control charts were prepared based on the results of determination of prekallikrein activator content in the RS control component.Results: a two-component RS for prekallikrein activator content with an assigned Hageman factor beta fragment content was developed using the spiking test. The authors substantiated the necessity of using a Russian-produced prekallikrein reagent as the RS component. The in-house reference standard IRS 42-28-445 was certified using all available human prekallikrein reagents, and the IRS 42-28-446 was certified using the prekallikrein reagent included in the kit. The certified prekallikrein activator content is: 51 IU in the batches 1 of IRS components intended for prekallikrein determination; 8.3–11.9 IU/mL in the IRS 42-28-445 control component, after reconstitution in 1.0 mL of purified water, and 5.4–6.6 IU/mL after reconstitution in 2.0 mL of purified water; and 9.1–11.1 IU/mL and 5.6–6.4 IU/mL in the IRS 42-28-446 control component after reconstitution in 1.0 mL and 2.0 mL of purified water, respectively. The IRS component intended for prekallikrein determination is designed for calibration curve construction, while the IRS control component is designed for assessing the validity of test results and preparation of control charts. The analysis of the control charts for the control component made it possible to evaluate the consistency of the analytical process. Conclusions: the components of the developed RSs in combination with Shewhart control charts allow for both determination of prekallikrein activator content, and control of the analytical process, as well as assessment of changes related to the replacement of the reagent batch. The RS control component allows for assessment of analytical process consistency and ensures the standardisation of the test procedure.
O problema de Snell-Pothenot
Authors: Santos Eduardo Gonçalves dos , Santos Leonardo David Marques dos 
Published: April 2022

Os problemas de ordem prática na Matemática remontam praticamente ao seu início, mesmo ainda sem esta ser considerada como um corpo de conhecimentos. No caso da Geometria, a partir dos egípcios, com os problemas de medidas, ela tem se configurado como um ramo da Matemática com raízes eminentemente práticas. O termo “Geometria Prática” encontra-se apresentado sob dois aspectos: um relativo à atitude diante de um problema e outro ligado a um contexto educativo. O presente artigo é um recorte da parte histórica do trabalho de Santos (2020), com uma ampliação a respeito da Geometria Prática, sobre a qual visa apresentar um problema, conhecido como Problema de Ressecção ou, como é mais conhecido, Problema de Snell-Pothenot, em homenagem a Willebrord Snell (ca.1580-1626) e Laurent Pothenot (1650-1732). Trata-se de um problema de levantamento planar, em que são dadas as coordenadas dos três pontos e , e um observador, em um ponto desconhecido P, que observa o segmento sob um ângulo α e o segmento sob um ângulo β. Busca-se determinar a posição do ponto P. E ainda, de forma inversa mas inteiramente análoga, determinar a posição do ponto P, a partir de observações feitas dos pontos A, B e C. A apresentação é composta de um histórico sobre Willebrord Snell, pontuando aspectos importantes de sua vida, bem como de situações em que o problema teve origem. Segue-se então uma discussão a respeito do Problema de Ressecção, para depois fazermos um apanhado sobre Laurent Pothenot. Em seguida são apresentadas duas soluções desse problema, sendo uma delas classificada como moderna e outra como geométrica. O trabalho é finalizado com as considerações finais e referências.
Efek Pengaruh Lubang Katup Discharge dan Panjang Langkah Terhadap Performansi Pompa Hidram
Authors: Nurmisdi Wisnu Ninggar , Sasongko Sukendro Broto Broto , Saidatin Naili 
Published: April 2022

Saat ini, alat penyuplai air masih mengaplikasikan pompa elektrik dan dijumpai pada pompa hidrolik ram. Lalu, prinsip palu air diaplikasikan untuk menghasilkan tekanan. Tekanan air dihasilkan dari perubahan momentum massa fluida secara tiba-tiba. Peningkatan tekanan ini mampu meningkatkan meter kolom air. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen. Perancangan instalasi pompa hidram menggunakan variasi diameter lubang katup 30, 31, 32 mm dan panjang langkah 10, 20, dan 30 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan head water hammer ditingkatkan pada langkah lebih panjang. Performa pompa terbaik dihasilkan pada panjang langkah 30 mm dan mengoptimalkan head water hammer 24 m. Di sisi lain, head water hammer menajdi berkurang pada discharge valve yang lebih besar.
Pelatihan SDM Untuk Mewujudkan Inovasi Literasi TBM Nurani Bangsa Berbasis Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Atho'ur Rohman Moh , Safii Moh , Wijayanto Ilham , Farida Elya , Rujito Pamungkas Rizqi 
Published: April 2022

Menurut UU RI No 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional pasal 26 ayat (4) menyelenggarakan pendidikan nonformal pusat kegiatan belajar masyarakat yang disebut dengan taman bacaan masyarakat (TBM). Tujuan TBM sebagai lembaga untuk meningkatkan literasi masyakarat yang di dukung sumberdaya manusia yang bertindak sebagai motivator. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut tentu TBM harus memiliki sumber daya manusia yang kompeten dibidangnya. Metode Pelaksanaan yang digunakan ialah paparan/ceramah, diskusi dan pendampingan via grup whatsapp. Dalam melaksanakan pelatihan diselenggarakan sehari dengan dimulai diskusi bersama peserta dan pemaparan materi serta di ikuti dengan post test. Materi pelatihan meliputi manajemen organisasi, SLiMS, klasifikasi, pengelolahan bahan pustaka, story telling dan literasi informasi. Dari hasil diskusi bersama peserta di dapatkan kategori sangat kurang dengan nilai rata-rata 31 dan nilai post-test rata-rata 93 dengan kategori sangat memuaskan. Dari peningkatan nilai post test di dapatkan bahwa pelatihan ini mampu memberikan pengetahuan pengelolaan TBM Nurani Bangsa berbasis teknologi informasi.
Kata Kunci : taman bacaan masyarakat (TBM), teknologi informasi, senayan library management system (SLiMS)