bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated measurement of the disc-fovea angle based on DeepLabv3+
Authors: Zheng Bo , Shen Yifan , Luo Yuxin , Fang Xinwen , Zhu Shaojun , Zhang Jie , Wu Maonian , Jin Ling , Yang Weihua , Wang Chenghu 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo assess the value of automatic disc-fovea angle (DFA) measurement using the DeepLabv3+ segmentation model.MethodsA total of 682 normal fundus image datasets were collected from the Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. The following parts of the images were labeled and subsequently reviewed by ophthalmologists: optic disc center, macular center, optic disc area, and virtual macular area. A total of 477 normal fundus images were used to train DeepLabv3+, U-Net, and PSPNet model, which were used to obtain the optic disc area and virtual macular area. Then, the coordinates of the optic disc center and macular center were obstained by using the minimum outer circle technique. Finally the DFA was calculated.ResultsIn this study, 205 normal fundus images were used to test the model. The experimental results showed that the errors in automatic DFA measurement using DeepLabv3+, U-Net, and PSPNet segmentation models were 0.76°, 1.4°, and 2.12°, respectively. The mean intersection over union (MIoU), mean pixel accuracy (MPA), average error in the center of the optic disc, and average error in the center of the virtual macula obstained by using DeepLabv3+ model was 94.77%, 97.32%, 10.94 pixels, and 13.44 pixels, respectively. The automatic DFA measurement using DeepLabv3+ got the less error than the errors that using the other segmentation models. Therefore, the DeepLabv3+ segmentation model was finally chosen to measure DFA automatically.ConclusionsThe DeepLabv3+ segmentation model -based automatic segmentation techniques can produce accurate and rapid DFA measurements.
Cerebral blood flow in adolescents with drug-naive, first-episode major depressive disorder: An arterial spin labeling study based on voxel-level whole-brain analysis
Authors: Xiong Ying , Chen Rong-Sheng , Wang Xing-Yu , Li Xiao , Dai Lin-Qi , Yu Ren-Qiang 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe major depressive disorder (MDD) can be a threat to the health of people all over the world. Although governments have developed and implemented evidence-based interventions and prevention programs to prevent MDD and maintain mental health in adolescents, the number of adolescents with this condition has been on the rise for the past 10 years.MethodsA total of 60 adolescents were recruited, including 32 drug-naive adolescents with first-episode MDD and 28 healthy controls (HCs). Alterations in the intrinsic cerebral activity of the adolescents with MDD were explored using arterial spin labeling (ASL) while differences in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the two groups were assessed based on voxel-based whole-brain analysis. Finally, correlations between the regional functional abnormalities and clinical variables were investigated for adolescents with MDD.ResultsCompared with HCs, MDD patients had a lower rCBF in the left triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtriang) but a higher one in the right Precental gyrus (PreCG). Negative correlations were also noted between the CBF in the left IFGtriang and the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) scores of MDD patients.ConclusionElucidating the neurobiological features of adolescent patients with MDD is important to adequately develop methods that can assist in early diagnosis, precaution and intervention.
Financial Wellbeing and Quality of Life Among a Sample of the Lebanese Population: The Mediating Effect of Food Insecurity
Authors: Karam Joanne , Haddad Chadia , Sacre Hala , Serhan Mireille , Salameh Pascale , Jomaa Lamis 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundLebanon is undergoing multiple overlapping crises, affecting the food security, financial well-being, and quality of life (QOL) of its residents.ObjectiveThe primary objective was to assess the food insecurity (FI) status of a sample of the Lebanese population. The second objective was to explore factors related to QOL parameters and evaluate the mediating effect of food security between financial well-being and QOL.MethodsThe study was cross-sectional and enrolled 412 participants recruited online using the snowball sampling technique. The survey included questions related to sociodemographic and economic characteristics of Lebanese households and validated scales to assess FI, QOL measures, financial well-being, and fear of COVID-19.ResultsAlmost 43% of the study participants reported being food insecure, with 31% experiencing mild FI, 10% moderate FI, and 1.5% severe FI. Compared to food-insecure participants, food secure participants had a significantly higher income (58.5% vs. 39.2%, p &lt; 0.001), a university education level (96.6% vs. 88.1%, p = 0.002), an average perceived financial status (83.9% vs. 65.9%), higher financial well-being scores (5.14 vs. 3.19, p &lt; 0.001), and lower crowding index (0.94 ± 0.4 vs. 1.09, p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that FI was not associated with physical (Beta = −1.48, 95% CI: −3.10; 0.13) and mental (Beta = −1.46, 95% CI −3.68; 0.75) QOL, after adjusting for other demographic and socioeconomic correlates. This association remained non-significant when introducing the financial well-being variable to the model. Mediation analyses showed that the FI variable mediated the association between financial well-being and physical QOL (Beta = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.02; 0.36), but not the mental QOL (Beta = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.20; 0.14).ConclusionFood insecurity was prevalent in our study sample, and it mediated the association between financial well-being and physical, but not mental, QOL parameters. These findings call for evidence-based policies and programs to help improve the food security and well-being of Lebanese households amidst these unprecedented circumstances.
Evaluating the impact and cost-effectiveness of chlamydia management strategies in Hong Kong: A modeling study
Authors: Montes-Olivas Sandra , Ozten Yaz , Homer Martin , Turner Katy , Fairley Christopher K. , Hocking Jane S. , Tse Desiree , Verschueren van Rees Nicolas , Wong William C. W. , Ong Jason J. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesTo illustrate the epidemiologic and cost-effectiveness impact of shifting the focus from population-based screening toward a targeted management approach for genital chlamydia infection.DesignModeling study, implementing an individual-based, stochastic, dynamic network model.SettingHong Kong.PopulationA hypothetical sample network of 10,000 people with a partnership distribution based on Hong Kong's sexually active population of reproductive age (age 18–49 years).InterventionsIn this study, we present several scenarios with different implementations of universal vs. targeted screening (based on partner numbers). We also explored the impact of (1) screening only, (2) screening plus expedited partner therapy, and (3) screening plus partner testing.Primary outcome measuresChange of chlamydia prevalence before and after implementing the different strategies. The cost-effectiveness analysis reports total direct cost from a health provider perspective, the QALYs gained, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER).ResultsIn comparing the effects of universal screening only and targeted screening of the high-risk population, the mean prevalence during the 10th year of intervention was 2.75 ± 0.30% and 2.35 ± 0.21%, respectively (compared with 3.24 ± 0.30% and 3.35 ± 0.21% before the interventions, respectively). The addition of contact tracing to the latter targeted screening scenario reduces the mean prevalence during the 10th year of intervention to 1.48 ± 0.13% (compared with 3.31 ± 0.33% at baseline) in the best-case of testing before treatment and maximal contact-tracing effectiveness (40%). Overall, the most effective scenarios were those for which interventions focused on the high-risk population defined by the number of partners, with contact tracing included. The ICER for targeted screening with contact tracing at 20% and 40% efficiency was $4,634 and $7,219 per QALY gained, respectively (10-year time horizon). Expedited partner therapy did not significantly impact overall chlamydia prevalence and caused overtreatment.ConclusionsOur study suggests that targeted screening with strengthened contact tracing efforts is the most cost-effective strategy to reduce the prevalence of chlamydia in Hong Kong.
Health shocks and changes in preventive behaviors: Results from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Jiang Hongli , Chen Wen 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundChina is facing the challenge of rising prevalence and ballooning burden of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, the Chinese middle- and older-aged population considerably lack preventive behaviors. Health shocks (HS), widely defined as sudden health deterioration brought on by diseases or accidents, bring a “teachable moment” to motivate changes in preventive behaviors.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the effect of HS on changes in preventive behaviors, including personal health practices and preventive care utilization.MethodsHS was defined as any five chronic disease diagnoses (cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and hypertension). The impacts of HS on smoking, drinking, and exercise, physical examination were estimated. The panel data of 13,705 respondents were obtained from the latest two waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 and 2018. A multilevel propensity score match difference-in-difference (multilevel PSM-DID) model was constructed.ResultsHS significantly decreased smoking (OR = 0.59, p &lt; 0.05) and drinking (OR = 0.62, p &lt; 0.01) and increased the utilization of auxiliary inspection in physical examination (OR = 1.19, p &lt; 0.1). Major HS had significantly considerable and specific effects on reducing smoking and drinking (OR = 0.37 and 0.56, p &lt; 0.01), while minor HS had relatively small effects on reducing smoking (OR = 0.74, p &lt; 0.05) and drinking (OR = 0.69, p &lt; 0.01), but extensive effects on initiating exercise (OR = 1.32, p &lt; 0.05), physical examination (OR = 1.18, p &lt; 0.1), and auxiliary inspection (OR = 1.30, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionAfter HS, there is a teachable moment to promote positive changes in preventive behaviors. Guided by the 5A's brief intervention model (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange), tailored interventions should be targeted at these populations to reduce the risk of the progression and complications of existing diseases, prevent the related comorbidity, and prolong the expected life-span.
Analyzing international medical graduate research productivity for application to US neurosurgery residency and beyond: A survey of applicants, program directors, and institutional experience
Authors: Mignucci-Jiménez Giancarlo , Xu Yuan , Houlihan Lena Mary , Benner Dimitri , Jubran Jubran H. , Staudinger Knoll Ann J. , Labib Mohamed A. , Dagi Teodoro Forcht , Spetzler Robert F. , Lawton Michael T. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe authors investigated perceived discrepancies between the neurosurgical research productivity of international medical graduates (IMGs) and US medical graduates (USMGs) through the perspective of program directors (PDs) and successfully matched IMGs.MethodsResponses to 2 separate surveys on neurosurgical applicant research productivity in 115 neurosurgical programs and their PDs were analyzed. Neurosurgical research participation was analyzed using an IMG survey of residents who matched into neurosurgical residency within the previous 8 years. Productivity of IMGs conducting dedicated research at the study institution was also analyzed.ResultsThirty-two of 115 (28%) PDs responded to the first research productivity survey and 43 (37%) to the second IMG research survey. PDs expected neurosurgery residency applicants to spend a median of 12–24 months on research (Q1-Q3: 0–12 to 12–24; minimum time: 0–24; maximum time: 0–48) and publish a median of 5 articles (Q1-Q3: 2–5 to 5–10; minimum number: 0–10; maximum number: 4–20). Among 43 PDs, 34 (79%) ranked “research institution or associated personnel” as the most important factor when evaluating IMGs' research. Forty-two of 79 (53%) IMGs responding to the IMG-directed survey reported a median of 30 months (Q1-Q3: 18–48; range: 4–72) of neurosurgical research and 12 published articles (Q1-Q3: 6–24; range: 1–80) before beginning neurosurgical residency. Twenty-two PDs (69%) believed IMGs complete more research than USMGs before residency. Of 20 IMGs conducting dedicated neuroscience/neurosurgery research at the study institution, 16 of 18 who applied matched or entered a US neurosurgical training program; 2 applied and entered a US neurosurgical clinical fellowship.ConclusionThe research work of IMGs compared to USMGs who apply to neurosurgery residency exceeds PDs' expectations regarding scientific output and research time. Many PDs perceive IMG research productivity before residency application as superior to USMGs. Although IMGs comprise a small percentage of trainees, they are responsible for a significant amount of US-published neurosurgical literature. Preresidency IMG research periods may be improved with dedicated mentoring and advising beginning before the research period, during the period, and within a neurosurgery research department, providing a formal structure such as a research fellowship or graduate program for IMGs aspiring to train in the US.
Implementasi Axioo Class Program Berdasarkan Relevansi Incheon Declaration Dalam Memajukan Pendidikan SMK di Indonesia
Authors: Kristianto Alfons 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Various educational problems hinder the development and progress of the nation. A global forum, namely the World Education Forum (WEF) 2015 was held as an effort to formulate solutions and strategies for advancing education with a target in 2030. WEF 2015 also produced the Incheon Declaration as a education observer actors’ commitment and seriousness to advance education.
Indonesia is a country that attended WEF 2015 when at the same time have been experiencing problems in its education sector, especially vocational education (SMK). Mabito Karya Indonesia Company is a private company actor that is serious in advancing vocational education in Indonesia through the implementation of the Axioo Class Program. All efforts in the Axioo Class Program are implicitly aligned with the articles of the Incheon Declaration.The implementation of the Axioo Class Program also involves various local and international actors. This research uses narrative analysis method in qualitative research method. This study concludes the importance of synergy in efforts to advance vocational education in Indonesia with the Incheon Declaration as global development ideas so that educational progress can be successfully realized.
Keywords : Axioo Class Program, Incheon Declaration, Advancing Vocational Education (SMK), Mabito Karya Indonesia Company, WEF 2015
La Comisión de Energía Nuclear y la implementación de las políticas públicas para el Proyecto Nuclear (1956-1972)
Authors: Lazarín Miranda Federico 
Published: July 2022

Este artículo presenta resultados parciales del proyecto denominado: “La quimera del uranio. Historia de la exploración, extracción y explotación del uranio en México” que se desarrolla en el Seminario de Historia de la Ciencia de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, campus Iztapalapa. En él se reconstruye y analiza la implementación de la política pública de desarrollo científico y tecnológico nuclear en México. Ésta se ejemplifica con los trabajos de la Comisión Nacional de Energía Nuclear (CNEN) y en el Centro Nuclear de México (CNM) en la adquisición de equipo e insumos de los Estados Unidos, y se puede observar en los programas de desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, así como en la formación de científicos.
Las preguntas que guían el artículo son las siguientes: ¿Cómo podemos analizar las políticas públicas para el fomento científico y tecnológico nuclear? ¿De qué forma estas políticas se reflejaron en la transferencia de tecnologías y conocimientos? ¿La implementación de estas políticas fomentó la creación de nuevos conocimientos y tecnologías? ¿Cómo sirvieron a la investigación científica? La respuesta a ellas se dará en tres etapas de análisis del proceso: la primera, se desarrollará de la creación de la CNEN al inicio de la construcción del Centro Nuclear de México (1956-1964); la segunda, del inicio de la edificación del CNM hasta su inauguración (1964-1970) y la tercera, de la operación de la CNEN en el Centro Nuclear hasta su transformación en Instituto Nacional de Energía Nuclear (1970 a 1972).
Implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah dalam Menumbuhkan Minat Membaca dan Menulis Pada Pembelajaran PAI
Authors: Achmat Mubarok  , Syafa’atul Islamia  
Published: July 2022

Education is basically to form and create quality human resources, but the problem that exists in the world of education is the low quality of education at every level and unit of education. So in this world of education the importance of literacy as an effort to build a generation of people with broad insight and virtuous character.
The purpose of this study was to determine the various kinds of school literacy programs in fostering interest in reading and writing in students. To answer various problems how to implement, and what are the population factors and share barriers to the implementation of the school literacy movement at SDN Baujeng 1. The approach used is descriptive qualitative method.
The results showed that implementation was realized through the implementation of reading activities, the supporting factor was the active role of students and the inhibiting factor, namely: the condition of the book that was not feasible. The solution to overcome the implementation problem is to create a reading study group and provide proper facilities, as well as provide a reading corner room, providing motivation to students at SDN Baujeng 1.
A Prototype For Quantum Database in Hybrid Quantum
Authors: chakraborty Sayantan 
Published: July 2022

<p> This report proposes a prototype And a possibility to converge both this quantum database and classical database. This report mostly identifies the gap between this classical database and quantum database but it shows no result rather it proposes only the hypothesis and prototype which can be implemented in future products. It is a way that can be used in future industrial product development on hybrid quantum computers. So we will propose a logical design for memory management for the quantum database security enhancement model. </p>
A COMPARISON OF SENTIMENTAL ANALYSIS ALGORITHMS ON TWITTER DATA USING MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Hamza Mohammed , Gupta Sawar 
Published: July 2022

<p>Twitter sentiment analysis has come a long way in recent years, and many experiments have been conducted in this domain. Many machine learning techniques have been used for sentiment analysis in the past and will be utilized in the future to achieve more improved results. People nowadays express their sentimental emotions more openly since they have access to forums where they can freely express themselves, hence this gives us an opportunity where sentimental analysis could be performed and its results can be used for various different objectives as it could give information about an individual's emotional state. This work contributes to the sentiment analysis for customer review classification, which is useful for analyzing information in the form of a large number of tweets with highly unstructured thoughts that are either good or bad. Sentiment analysis is usually done in three ways: machine learning-based, sentiment lexicon-based, or a hybrid approach. The proposed approach for sentiment analysis consists of first pre-processing tweets and using a feature extraction method. Further, Logistic regression, SVM, Decision Trees (DTs), Random Forest (RF), and XBG Classifier are used for sentiment analysis classification in the proposed framework and then all the results are compared to find out the best techniques. Out of all the techniques used, SVM is working best with an accuracy of 95.21%.</p>
ANALISIS MATERI HIDROLISIS GARAM DALAM BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN KIMIA SMA/MA KELAS XI BERDASARKAN KRITERIA TAHAP SELEKSI 4S TMD
Authors: Midiana Noti Zulita , Sukaryawan Made , Sari Diah Kartika 
Published: July 2022

This study is aims to analyze the salt hydrolysis material in the SMA/MA class XI textbooks based on the selection criteria of the 4S TMD. The selection of the 4S TMD used has criteria of the suitability of material with curriculum 2013, the truth of the concept, and influcation of values. The suitability of material with curicculum 2013 in term of breadth of the material an the depth of concept. Based of the result of the analysis of the breadth of material in textbook A there are 8 concept labels declared approprite. While the textbook B There are 8 concept labels which are stated to be approprite, and concept labels which is stated to be too broad. The results of the analysis of the depth of the concept of textbook A there is 1 concept that is declared approprite, 4 concept are not deepth, 3 concept are too deep. In the textbook B there are 2 concepts that are stated to be approprite, 3 concepts that are not deep enough, and 3 concepts are to deep. The results of the analysis of the truth of the concept of textbook A there are 2 concept labels which are stated according to the scientists, and 6 concept label which were stated not to be approprite. In the textbook B there are 8 concept labels which are stated to e scientifcally correct. The result of the analysis of the instillation of the value of textbook A there are 8 value that are instilled namely, religious, tolerance, democratic, friendly/communicative, hard work, curiosity, discipline, and responsibility. In the textbook B there are 7 values that are instilled namely, tolerance, democracy, friendly/communicative, hard work ,curiosity, discipline, and responsibility. The result of the selection analysis show that textbook B it is better than textbook A can be used in learning activities.
Pendingin Portable Menggunakan Thermoelectric Cooler Tipe TEC1-12706
Authors: Bayusari Ike , Caroline  , Hermawati  , Rahmawati  , Baskara M Renaldy 
Published: July 2022

Meningkatnya kebutuhan manusia terhadap alat pendingin cukup signifikan. Pada umunya alat pendingin memiliki ukuran relatif besar dan tidak portabel. Selain itu pendingin yang ada kebanyakan menggunakan system refrigerasi. Pada penelitian ini, akan dibuat prototipe pendingin portable menggunakan thermoelectric cooler sebagai alternatif pendingin yang menggunakan sistem refrigerasi. Penggunaan thermoelectric cooler dilengkapi heatsink dan fan untuk melepas panas pada salah satu sisi, sehingga pada sisi lainnya dapat mencapai suhu yang lebih rendah. Arduino digunakan sebagai sistem control suhu pada alat pendingin sesuai target 20°C. Variasi volume yang digunakan sebesar 0,32 Liter; 0,64 Liter; 0,96 Liter dan 1,28 Liter. Berdasarkan pengujian ini, variasi volume yang diberikan akan berbanding lurus dengan waktu untuk mencapai suhu yang diatur pada Arduino dimana pada 0,32 Liter akan membutuhkan waktu 1512 detik dan pada 1,28 Liter akan membutuhkan waktu 6317 detik. Hal ini disebabkan karena volume yang semakin besar menyababkan kalor yang dibutuhkan semakin tinggi sedangkan daya inputnya konstan. Efisiensi prototipe pendingin portable pada 0,32 Liter akan menghasilkan efisiensi 6,5% sedangkan pada 1,28 Liter akan menghasilkan efisiensi 9,6%.