bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonadditive effects of two contrasting introduced herbivores on the reproduction of a pollination‐specialized palm
Authors: Muñoz‐Gallego Raquel , Fedriani Jose M. , Serra Pau E. , Traveset Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlant–animal interactions fall within a mutualism–antagonism continuum, exerting a wide range of effects on plant reproductive success. These effects become even more complex and diverse when several disparate animal species interact with the same plant species. Despite the increasing number of studies about the influence of herbivory on plant performance, the outcomes mediated by pollination and the combined impact of multiple herbivores on pollination‐specialized plants are underexplored. In this study, we chose the Mediterranean dwarf palmChamaerops humilis(Arecaceae) to illustrate the isolated and joint effect of two contrasting introduced herbivores, the palm borerPaysandisia archon(Lepidoptera, Castniidae) and feral goats, on pollinator abundance and plant reproductive success. To this aim, we monitored moth herbivory and goat herbivory in four palm populations in Mallorca (Balearic Islands) during 2019 and 2020. The effect of herbivory varied widely depending on both the herbivore and the pollinator species. Moth herbivory had a positive effect on pollinator abundance and fruit initiation, whereas goat herbivory had a negative effect on inflorescence production, pollinator abundance and fruit initiation. In addition, both herbivores exerted unexpected nonadditive effects on palm reproduction. Palms attacked by both herbivore species produced many more inflorescences (up to 18‐fold) but had a lower fruit initiation success (close to zero) than unattacked palms or those attacked by a single herbivore species. Interestingly, only one of the two main pollinator species (the nitidulid beetleMeligethinus pallidulus) was impacted by herbivory. Our study highlights the need to investigate the possible nonadditive effects of all coexisting herbivores on plant performance, especially when establishing conservation plans and pest control strategies.
Uncovering the genetic links of SARS‐CoV‐2 infections on heart failure co‐morbidity by a systems biology approach
Authors: Zhang Ge , Cui Xiaolin , Zhang Li , Liu Gangqiong , Zhu Xiaodan , Shangguan Jiahong , Zhang Wenjing , Zheng Yingying , Zhang Hui , Tang Junnan , Zhang Jinying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe co‐morbidities contribute to the inferior prognosis of COVID‐19 patients. Recent reports suggested that the higher co‐morbidity rate between COVID‐19 and heart failure (HF) leads to increased mortality. However, the common pathogenic mechanism between them remained elusive. Here, we aimed to reveal underlying molecule mechanisms and genetic correlation between COVID‐19 and HF, providing a new perspective on current clinical management for patients with co‐morbidity.MethodsThe gene expression profiles of HF (GSE26887) and COVID‐19 (GSE147507) were retrieved from the GEO database. After identifying the common differentially expressed genes (|log2FC| > 1 and adjusted P < 0.05), integrated analyses were performed, namely, enrichment analyses, protein–protein interaction network, module construction, critical gene identification, and functional co‐expression analysis. The performance of critical genes was validation combining hierarchical clustering, correlation, and principal component analysis in external datasets (GSE164805 and GSE9128). Potential transcription factors and miRNAs were obtained from the JASPER and RegNetwork repository used to construct co‐regulatory networks. The candidate drug compounds in potential genetic link targets were further identified using the DSigDB database.ResultsThe alteration of 12 genes was identified as a shared transcriptional signature, with the role of immune inflammatory pathway, especially Toll‐like receptor, NF‐kappa B, chemokine, and interleukin‐related pathways that primarily emphasized in response to SARS‐CoV‐2 complicated with HF. Top 10 critical genes (TLR4, TLR2, CXCL8, IL10, STAT3, IL1B, TLR1, TP53, CCL20, and CXCL10) were identified from protein–protein interaction with topological algorithms. The unhealthy microbiota status and gut–heart axis in co‐morbidity were identified as potential disease roads in bridging pathogenic mechanism, and lipopolysaccharide acts as a potential marker for monitoring HF during COVID‐19. For transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels, regulation networks tightly coupling with both disorders were constructed, and significant regulator signatures with high interaction degree, especially FOXC1, STAT3, NF‐κB1, miR‐181, and miR‐520, were detected to regulate common differentially expressed genes. According to genetic links targets, glutathione‐based antioxidant strategy combined with muramyl dipeptide‐based microbe‐derived immunostimulatory therapies was identified as promising anti‐COVID‐19 and anti‐HF therapeutics.ConclusionsThis study identified shared transcriptomic and corresponding regulatory signatures as emerging therapeutic targets and detected a set of pharmacologic agents targeting genetic links. Our findings provided new insights for underlying pathogenic mechanisms between COVID‐19 and HF.
MACP: Multifactor Authentication using Physical Unclonable Function and Fuzzy Extractor based Chebyshev Polynomial for Industrial Internet of Things devices
Authors: Das Ayan Kumar , Afroz Sabana , Chandra Shivangi , Sinha Ditipriya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Internet of Things adapted by the industries, known as Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), increases the production rate by reducing the risk factor. The wireless devices deployed in the open places are always susceptible to various attacks including cloning and physical attacks. Thus security of IIoT devices becomes the primary concern of these days. The resource constraint IIoT devices demand light weight security schemes to authenticate communicating devices and protect the privacy of industrial data. In this article, an authentication scheme with low computation and communication cost has been proposed using multiple factors, namely smart card, password, physical unclonable function (PUF), and fuzzy extractor. PUF helps in preventing the cloning of smart card and generates unique challenge‐response pairs to authenticate the smart devices. The environmental noise, produced by the operation of PUF, is extracted by the use of fuzzy extractor. Real‐or‐Random (ROR) model and Burrows‐Abadi‐Needham (BAN) logic has been used for formal security analysis of the proposed scheme, which is resilience against replay attack, man‐in‐the‐middle attack, masquerading, forgery and impersonation attacks, camouflage attack and offline password guessing attack. The performance evaluation has been done using Raspberry Pi, lunchbox, and a laptop. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing methodologies in terms of end‐to‐end delay, throughput, packet loss, computation cost, and communication cost.
Adaptive FRESH filter with vicarious reference for interference rejection: An application to signal detection in NOMA system
Authors: Garakyaragh Nooshin , Shahtalebi Kamal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdaptive frequency shift (FRESH) filter is one of the most suggested methods for interference rejection. This filter extracts the desired cyclostationary signal by exploiting its spectral correlation through the adaptive periodically time‐varying filters. The reference signal in this filter has an essential role in the quality of the desired signal estimation. In this article, a vicarious signal is generated as a reference of an adaptive FRESH structure. Using the cyclostationary characteristics of the desired signal (eg, modulation, cyclic frequencies, etc.), the generated signal exhibits all feasible cyclostationary behaviors of the desired signal. The overall system significantly improves the performance of the FRESH filter. The advantage of using the vicarious signal is demonstrated with theoretical analysis. Furthermore, a multistage form of the proposed method is designed for severe noise and interference conditions. The method is used for signal detection in non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. Simulation results validate its efficiency in this case and in different interference scenarios which include pulse chirp radar signal, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).
The future of sustainable food consumption in China
Authors: Chu May , Anders Sven , Deng Qing , Contador Carolina A. , Cisternas Francisco , Caine Catherine , Zhu Ying , Yang Shuyuan , Hu Bo , Liu Zhiguang , Tse Lap Ah , Lam Hon‐Ming 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFood production is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. China, as a rapidly developing economy, contributes to an unsustainable food system as its consumption of animal products and meat has continued to grow in recent decades. Using the extended theory of planned behavior as the conceptual framework, this paper examines factors influencing consumers' intention to purchase sustainable food in China. To this end, a population‐based face‐to‐face survey was conducted with 2422 respondents in five provinces spanning the north and south of China. The results showed that the traditional constructs of behavioral attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and the additional construct of perceived quality are significant in inducing such intentions. This paper suggests that to enhance consumers' willingness to shift to sustainable food consumption, appropriate regulation and monitoring framework is needed to increase consumers' trust toward sustainable food. The government can also cooperate with the media, experts, and social media opinion leaders to ensure that messages on sustainable development are promoted in effective ways.
EBV protection‐ and susceptibility‐related HLA alleles and EBV status in the Chinese population: A single‐center study
Authors: Suolitiken Dina , Wang Yini , Jin Zhili , Wang Zhao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough most adults are infected by Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), some patients develop highly lethal diseases associated with EBV infection, including EBV‐hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV‐HLH), chronic active EBV infections (CAEBV), and lymphoma, the pathogeneses of which remain to be investigated. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex may be associated with the viral infection pathway, and, therefore, HLA alleles may be associated with EBV‐related diseases and subpopulations of infected cells, studies related to EBV‐associated diseases, and subpopulations of infected cells that were conducted in China are scarce.MethodsIn this study, we analyzed the high‐resolution HLA genotypes of 269 patients with EBV‐associated diseases and 213 EBV‐seronegative hematopoietic stem cell donors using PCR‐SBT assay and elucidated the associations of HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, and ‐DQB1 alleles with EBV‐associated diseases in the Chinese population, Benjamini–Hochberg correction to adjust for multiple testing. HLA genotypes were also analyzed in patients with EBV‐associated diseases showing EBV‐infected lymphocyte subpopulations.ResultsWe found that individuals carrying the following alleles showed the following levels of risks: HLA‐DRB1*11 allele, reduced risk of EBV‐related disease (OR [odds ratio]: 0.56; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.32–0.99; p < .05; Adjust p = .71); HLA‐DQB1*06:02 allele, reduced risk (OR: 0.5699; 95% CI: 0.3486–0.9317; p < .05; Adjust p = .57); and HLA‐B*15:01 allele, increased risk (OR: 1.763; 95% CI: 0.3486–0.9317; p < .05; Adjust p = .57). Patients with EBV‐associated diseases showing the B*15:01 genotype had a higher risk of T‐cell, NK‐cell, and multicell infections than those with other genotype subgroups.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of HLA genotype for assessing EBV infectivity.
A composite device for viscosupplementation treatment resistant to degradation by reactive oxygen species and hyaluronidase
Authors: Toropitsyn Evgeniy , Pravda Martin , Rebenda David , Ščigalková Ivana , Vrbka Martin , Velebný Vladimír 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in the world. OA is often associated with the loss of viscoelastic and tribological properties of synovial fluid (SF) due to degradation of hyaluronic acid (HA) by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyaluronidases. Viscosupplementation is one of the ways how to effectively restore SF functions. However, current viscosupplementation products provide only temporal therapeutic effect because of short biological half‐life. In this article we describe a novel device for viscosupplementation (NV) based on the cross‐linked tyramine derivative of HA, chondroitin sulfate (CS), and high molecular weight HA by online determination of viscoelastic properties loss during degradation by ROS and hyaluronidase. Rheological and tribological properties of developed viscosupplement were compared with HA solutions with different molecular weights in the range 500–2000 kDa, which are currently commonly used as medical devices for viscosupplementation treatment. Moreover, based on clinical practice and scientific literature all samples were also diluted by model OA SF in the ratio 1:1 (vol/vol) to better predict final properties after injection to the joint. The observed results confirmed that NV exhibits appropriate rheological properties (viscosity, elastic, and viscous moduli) comparable with healthy SF and maintain them during degradation for a significantly longer time than HA solutions with molecular weight in the range 500–2000 kDa and cross‐linked material without CS.
Out of water in the dark: Plasticity in visual structures and function in an amphibious fish
Authors: Rossi Giulia S. , Labbé Daniel , Wright Patricia A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany fishes encounter periods of prolonged darkness within their lifetime, yet the consequences for the visual system are poorly understood. We used an amphibious fish (Kryptolebias marmoratus) that occupies dark terrestrial environments during seasonal droughts to test whether exposure to prolonged darkness diminishes visual performance owing to reduced optic tectum (OT) size and/or neurogenesis. We performed a 3‐week acclimation with a 2  2 factorial design, in which fish were either acclimated to a 12 h:12 h or 0 h:24 h light:dark photoperiod in water or in air. We found that water‐exposed fish had poorer visual acuity when acclimated to the dark, while air‐acclimated fish had poorer visual acuity regardless of photoperiod. The ability of K. marmoratus to capture aerial prey from water followed a similar trend, suggesting that good vision is important for hunting effectively. Changes in visual acuity did not result from changes in OT size, but air‐acclimated fish had 37% fewer proliferating cells in the OT than water‐acclimated fish. As K. marmoratus are unable to eat on land, reducing cell proliferation in the OT may serve as a mechanism to reduce maintenance costs associated with the visual system. Overall, we suggest that prolonged darkness and air exposure can impair vision in K. marmoratus, and that changes in visual performance may be mediated, in part, by OT neurogenesis. More broadly, we show that plastic changes to the visual system of fishes can have potential consequences for organismal performance and fitness.
CAR‐T cells derived from multiple myeloma patients at diagnosis have improved cytotoxic functions compared to those produced at relapse or following daratumumab treatment
Authors: Abecassis Audrey , Roders Nathalie , Fayon Maxime , Choisy Caroline , Nelson Elisabeth , Harel Stephanie , Royer Bruno , Villesuzanne Camille , Talbot Alexis , Garrick David , Goodhardt Michele , Fermand Jean‐Paul , Burbridge Mike , Arnulf Bertrand , Bories Jean‐Christophe 
Published: June 2022

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR‐T) have provided promising results in multiple myeloma (MM). However, many patients still relapse, pointing toward the need of improving this therapy. Here, we analyzed peripheral blood T cells from MM patients at different stages of the disease and investigated their phenotype and capacity to generate functional CAR‐T directed against CS1 or B Cell Maturation antigen. We found a decrease in naive T cells and elevated frequencies of exhaustion markers in T cells from treated MM patients. Interestingly, individuals treated with daratumumab display elevated ratios of central memory T cells. CAR‐T derived from patients at relapse show reduced in vitro expansion and cytotoxic capacities in response to MM cells compared to those produced at diagnosis. Of note, CAR‐T from daratumumab treated patients display intermediate defects. Reduced anti‐myeloma activity of CAR T cells from treated patients was also observed in a mouse model. Our findings suggest that T cell defects in MM patients, specifically during relapse, have a major impact on their capacity to generate efficient therapeutic CAR‐T. Selecting naive or central memory T cell subsets to generate therapeutic T cells could improve the CAR‐T therapy for MM.
Klf10 favorsMycobacterium tuberculosissurvival by impairing IFN-γ production and preventing macrophages reprograming to macropinocytosis
Authors: Madrid-Paulino Edgardo , Mata-Espinosa Dulce , León-Contreras Juan Carlos , Serrano-Fujarte Isela , Díaz de León-Guerrero Sol , Villaseñor Tomás , Ramon-Luing Lucero , Puente José L , Chavez-Galan Leslie , Hernández-Pando Rogelio , Pérez-Martínez Leonor , Pedraza-Alva Gustavo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis has developed diverse mechanisms to survive inside phagocytic cells, such as macrophages. Phagocytosis is a key process in eliminating invading pathogens; thus, M. tuberculosis efficiently disrupts phagosome maturation to ensure infection. However, inflammatory cytokines produced by macrophages in response to early M. tuberculosis infection are key to promoting bacterial clarification. IFN-γ enhances M. tuberculosis engulfment and destruction by reprogramming macrophages from phagocytosis to macropinocytosis. Here, we show that the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 10 (Klf10) plays a positive role in M. tuberculosis survival and infection by negatively modulating IFN-γ levels. Naïve Klf10-deficient macrophages produce more IFN-γ upon stimulation than wild-type macrophages, thus enhancing bacterial uptake and bactericidal activity achieved by macropinocytosis. Moreover, Klf10⁻/⁻ macrophages showed cytoplasmic distribution of coronin 1 correlated with increased pseudopod count and length. In agreement with these observations, Klf10⁻/⁻ mice showed improved bacterial clearance from the lungs and increased viability. Altogether, our data indicate that Klf10 plays a critical role in M. tuberculosis survival by preventing macrophage reprogramming from phagocytosis to macropinocytosis by negatively regulating IFN-γ production upon macrophage infection.
Perfusion Maps Acquired From Dynamic Angiography MRI Using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Asaduddin Muhammad , Roh Hong Gee , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Eung Yeop , Park Sung‐Hong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundA typical stroke MRI protocol includes perfusion‐weighted imaging (PWI) and MR angiography (MRA), requiring a second dose of contrast agent. A deep learning method to acquire both PWI and MRA with single dose can resolve this issue.PurposeTo acquire both PWI and MRA simultaneously using deep learning approaches.Study typeRetrospective.SubjectsA total of 60 patients (30–73 years old, 31 females) with ischemic symptoms due to occlusion or ≥50% stenosis (measured relative to proximal artery diameter) of the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, or anterior cerebral artery. The 51/1/8 patient data were used as training/validation/test.Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T, time‐resolved angiography with stochastic trajectory (contrast‐enhanced MRA) and echo planar imaging (dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI, DSC‐MRI).AssessmentWe investigated eight different U‐Net architectures with different encoder/decoder sizes and with/without an adversarial network to generate perfusion maps from contrast‐enhanced MRA. Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), mean transit time (MTT), and time‐to‐max (Tmax) were mapped from DSC‐MRI and used as ground truth to train the networks and to generate the perfusion maps from the contrast‐enhanced MRA input.Statistical TestsNormalized root mean square error, structural similarity (SSIM), peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (pSNR), DICE, and FID scores were calculated between the perfusion maps from DSC‐MRI and contrast‐enhanced MRA. One‐tailed t‐test was performed to check the significance of the improvements between networks. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsThe four perfusion maps were successfully extracted using the deep learning networks. U‐net with multiple decoders and enhanced encoders showed the best performance (pSNR 24.7 ± 3.2 and SSIM 0.89 ± 0.08 for rCBV). DICE score in hypo‐perfused area showed strong agreement between the generated perfusion maps and the ground truth (highest DICE: 0.95 ± 0.04).Data ConclusionWith the proposed approach, dynamic angiography MRI may provide vessel architecture and perfusion‐relevant parameters simultaneously from a single scan.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 5
Recovery of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium following reoxygenation of sediments from a periodically hypoxic temperate lagoon
Authors: Roberts Keryn L. , Wong Wei Wen , Shimeta Jeff , Kessler Adam J. , Cook Perran L. M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEutrophication and stratification events have increased the incidences of hypoxia and anoxia in coastal environments. The depletion of oxygen in these environments can lead to a shift in biogeochemical processes such as denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). The balance between denitrification and DNRA is critical because denitrification leads to a loss of bioavailable nitrogen and DNRA maintains it within the system. This study examined the effects of reoxygenation on denitrification and DNRA in sediments collected from a periodically hypoxic system (Gippsland Lakes, Australia) and subjected to experimental hypoxia using a modified 15N‐isotope pairing technique. For freshly collected sediments, the ratio of denitrification : DNRA was generally < 1 indicating a dominance of DNRA. After 3–4 weeks of oxygenation, denitrification increased relative to DNRA resulting in a denitrification : DNRA ratio > 1. Profiles of 15N‐N2 and accumulation in these experiments showed denitrification and DNRA generally only took place in the surface ~ 2 cm of sediment. Prolonged experiments with reoxygenated sediments showed a decrease in the denitrification : DNRA to < 1 after 56 d coincident with deep accumulation of within the sediment (2–5 cm) suggesting faunal irrigation enhanced DNRA deep in the sediment. An experiment with bromide tracer confirmed the occurrence of DNRA deep within the sediment at 2–6 cm was coincident with tracer penetration, and there was a significant positive relationship between bioirrigation and DNRA. We suggest DNRA deep within the sediment was enhanced by increased availability of organic carbon, reduced solutes, and possibly exposure of reworked sediment to .