bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling CoNiP‒CoP2 3D‐on‐1D Hybrid Nanoarchitecture for Long‐Lasting Electrochemical Hybrid Cells and Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Sekhar S. Chandra , Ramulu Bhimanaboina , Han Man Ho , Arbaz Shaik Junied , Nagaraju Manchi , Oh Hyung‐Suk , Yu Jae Su 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEvolving cost‐effective transition metal phosphides (TMPs) using general approaches for energy storage is pivotal but challenging. Besides, the absence of noble metals and high electrocatalytic activity of TMPs allow their applicability as catalysts in oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, CoNiP‒CoP2 (CNP‒CP) composite is in situ deposited on carbon fabric by a one‐step hydrothermal technique. The CNP‒CP reveals hybrid nanoarchitecture (3D‐on‐1D HNA), i.e., cashew fruit‐like nanostructures and nanocones. The CNP‒CP HNA electrode delivers higher areal capacity (82.8 μAh cm–2) than the other electrodes. Furthermore, a hybrid cell assembled with CNP‒CP HNA shows maximum energy and power densities of 31 μWh cm–2 and 10.9 mW cm–2, respectively. Exclusively, the hybrid cell demonstrates remarkable durability over 30 000 cycles. In situ/operando X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure analysis confirms the reversible changes in valency of Co and Ni elements in CNP‒CP material during real‐time electrochemical reactions. Besides, a quasi‐solid‐state device unveils its practicability by powering electronic components. Meanwhile, the CNP‒CP HNA verifies its higher OER activity than the other catalysts by revealing lower overpotential (230 mV). Also, it exhibits relatively small Tafel slope (38 mV dec–1) and stable OER activity over 24 h. This preparation strategy may initiate the design of advanced TMP‐based materials for multifunctional applications.
Conjugated Mesopolymer Achieving 15% Efficiency Single‐Junction Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zheng Bing , Ni Jianling , Li Shaman , Yue Yuchen , Wang Jingxia , Zhang Jianqi , Li Yongfang , Huo Lijun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe high‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs) tend to choose the polymers with high molecular weight as donors, which easily produce good crystallinity to facilitate intermolecular charge transfer. However, these polymers usually accompanied by the low solubility and synthetic difficulty, increasing batch‐to‐batch variations. The proposal of conjugated mesopolymers (molar mass (Mn) in 1–10 kDa) can overcome these problems. Herein, a new mesopolymer, MePBDFClH as donor material is designed and synthesized, and firstly applied in OSCs. As a comparison, other lower molecular weight mesopolymer of MePBDFClL and higher molecular weight polymer of PBDFCl with same structure are also prepared and investigated. Because of its appropriate phase separation and miscibility in the blend film, the MePBDFClH exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.06% among the three materials. Meanwhile, the champion PCE is a new record for benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran‐based photovoltaic materials. Importantly, comparing to the pronounced PCE decrease of polymer PBDFCl by about 12%, a slightly PCE difference for mespolymer MePBDFClL is only less than 5%, reducing the batch‐to‐batch variation. This work not only suggests that the benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran unit is a promising electron‐donating core but also shows that the mesopolymers have great potentials to produce the low‐differentiated and high‐performance organic photovoltaic materials.
Long Cycle Life and High‐Rate Sodium Metal Batteries Enabled by Regulating 3D Frameworks with Artificial Solid‐State Interphases
Authors: Lai Xuejun , Xu Zhenming , Yang Xianfeng , Ke Qiongjie , Xu Qingshuai , Wang Zaisheng , Lu Yingying , Qiu Yongcai 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe major challenge for sodium metal anodes is Na dendrite growth owing to the unstable and fragile solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI), leading to terrible cycle life and safety hazards. Constructing a robust SEI around a 3D porous host is considered to be a facile and efficient approach to stabilize Na metal anodes. Here, a durable 3D porous SnCl4@Na–rGO metal anode is fabricated by the in situ chemical reaction of SnCl4‐containing carbonate electrolyte with Na–rGO. Attributed to the robust SEI and the stereoscopic structure, the symmetric cells achieve a prolonged cycle life of 500 h without voltage fluctuation at 2 mA cm−2 and 2 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the Na3V2(PO4)3||SnCl4@Na–rGO full cell exhibits long‐term cycle stability (>600 cycles) and remarkable capacity retention (>92%). The novel approach provides an efficacious strategy for the practical implementation of Na metal batteries.
Broadband Petal‐Like Raman Laser
Authors: Miao Yujie , Zhang Lin , Dong Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh‐order Laguerre‐Gaussian (LG0,n) petal‐like lasers are extremely important for manipulating microparticles, creating 3D optical trapping structures, and free space optical communication. However, it is difficult to expand the wavelength of LG0,n petal‐like lasers owing to the narrow fluorescence spectrum of laser gain media. Here, a Raman laser constructed with a Yb3+:Y3Al5O12 (Yb:YAG) crystal and a yttrium vanadate (YVO4) is demonstrated for achieving a high‐order LG0,n petal‐like laser with broadband laser wavelength and high beam quality. High‐order LG0,n petal‐like lasers with n tunable from 3 to 11 are obtained. The LG0,11 petal‐like Raman laser oscillates from 1075.4 to 1088.7 nm with 44 longitudinal modes, and the bandwidth of the Raman laser is 13.3 nm. The output power of the LG0,11 petal‐like Raman laser is 126 mW with an optical efficiency of 1.5%. High‐order LG0,n petal‐like Raman lasers with tunable n provide flexible choices for potential applications in manipulating microparticles and biological molecules.
Light‐Harvesting Fluorescent Spherical Nucleic Acids Self‐Assembled from a DNA‐Grafted Conjugated Polymer for Amplified Detection of Nucleic Acids
Authors: Xiao Fan , Fang Xiaofeng , Li Hongyan , Xue Hanbing , Wei Zixiang , Zhang Wenkang , Zhu Yulin , Lin Li , Zhao Yan , Wu Changfeng , Tian Leilei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ultralow concentration of nucleic acids in complex biological samples requires fluorescence probes with high specificity and sensitivity. Herein, a new kind of spherical nucleic acids (SNAs) is developed by using fluorescent π‐conjugated polymers (FCPs) as a light‐harvesting antenna to enhance the signal transduction of nucleic acid detection. Specifically, amphiphilic DNA‐grafted FCPs are synthesized and self‐assemble into FCP‐SNA structures. Tuning the hydrophobicity of the graft copolymer can adjust the size and light‐harvesting capability of the FCP‐SNAs. We observe that more efficient signal amplification occurs in larger FCP‐SNAs, as more chromophores are involved, and the energy transfer can go beyond the Förster radius. Accordingly, the optimized FCP‐SNA shows an antenna effect of up to 37‐fold signal amplification and the limit of detection down to 1.7 pM in microRNA detection. Consequently, the FCP‐SNA is applied to amplified in situ nucleic acid detecting and imaging at the single‐cell level.
New bio‐epoxy from sacha inchi oil by epoxidation reaction
Authors: Thuy Nguyen Thi , Tien Vu Dinh , Lan Pham Ngoc 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSacha inchi oil with large amount of double bonds (DBs) in allylic positions and double‐allylic positions was converted to an epoxidized oil by using H2O2 as the reactant. The success of this modification process has been demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H‐NMR spectra. The influence of the reaction agent, the components in the catalyst system such as Na2WO4, PTC (benzyldimethylstearylammonium chloride hydrate), H3PO4, and temperature on the epoxidation reaction has been studied systematically. Through the evaluation of oxirane oxygen of the epoxidized oil, the conversion of DBs, and the selectivity of the catalyst, the optimum conditions are found. They are as DB/H2O2/Na2WO4 molar ratio of 1/1.5/0.0075 and Na2WO4/PTC/H3PO4 molar ratio of 1/0.45/2. The reaction time was shortened to only 8 min when the epoxidation reaction was performed at 60°C. The epoxidized sacha inchi oil had the oxirane oxygen reaching 8.78% with a yield of 82.12% and a catalytic selectivity of 0.85.
Electrospun poly(e‐caprolactone)/propolis fiber morphology: A process optimisation study
Authors: Salimbeigi Golestan , Oliveira Renata Nunes , McGuinness Garrett Brian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on combining the synthetic polymer poly(Ɛ‐caprolactone) with the natural antibacterial propolis, and uses response surface methodology based on a three‐level, four‐variable Box–Behnken design, to model the dependence of fiber diameter distribution on process parameters. The effect of the concentration of the antibacterial substance, the flow rate, the voltage, and the collector distance were analyzed. The linear coefficients of the antibacterial content and flow rate, and the quadratic coefficients of the voltage, distance and flow rate as well as the interaction effect between voltage and distance were found to be statistically significant. Parameters capable of forming small diameter fibers were targeted for higher surface area to material volume ratios. The parameters predicted to produce a minimum average fiber diameter of 0.506 μm were then validated in a confirmatory experiment giving a 0.505 μm average. The model maps the impact of electrospinning parameters on the fabrication and morphology of PCL/propolis scaffolds, which have potential woundcare applications.
Developmental toxicity induced by triclosan exposure in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Iannetta Annamaria , Caioni Giulia , Di Vito Viviana , Benedetti Elisabetta , Perugini Monia , Merola Carmine 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe present study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity and the developmental alterations induced by triclosan (TCS) exposure in zebrafish early‐life stages using fish embryo acute toxicity tests as a methodological approach.Material and MethodsZebrafish embryos were exposed to five concentrations of TCS and the four lethal alterations were daily recorded to determine the toxicological endpoints of acute toxicity. Furthermore, sublethal alterations were recorded to assess the effect of exposure concentrations on zebrafish embryo's development.ResultsThe TCS toxicity was determined at 96 h of exposure as lethal concentration 10, lethal concentration 20, lethal concentration 50, lowest observed effects concentration, and no observed effects concentration, reported the following values: 168, 197.2, 267.8, 300, and 200 μg/L. Exposed larvae showed a delay in hatching rate and developed sublethal alterations including reduced blood flow, pericardial oedemata, reduced heartbeat, blood congestion, and craniofacial malformations. The number of zebrafish larvae developing cardiovascular alterations changed according to the tested concentrations and time of evaluation.ConclusionThe data confirmed the developmental toxicity of TCS on aquatic organisms and the sublethal alterations developed by zebrafish larvae, indicated its cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Moreover, the developmental toxicity was strongly influenced by the concentration tested and the number of survived zebrafish developing this alteration varying according to the time of exposure.
Tuning of Oxygen Reduction Pathways through Structural Variation in Transition Metal‐Doped Ba2In2O5
Authors: Thundiyil Shibin , Pandikassala Ajmal , Kurungot Sreekumar , Devi R. Nandini 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOxygen reduction reaction (ORR) can take place either through a two‐electron pathway to form H2O2 or through a four‐electron pathway to form H2O. Both the reactions are important in the respective fields, viz., H2O2 production as well as fuel cell technology, and rational design of catalysts is mandatory to acquire high energy efficiency in both cases. Here, we report the structure‐electrochemical property correlation of a series of perovskite related brownmillerite compounds, Ba2In0.75M0.25O5 (M=Mn/Fe/Co/Ni/Cu), synthesized by solid‐state method. On transition metal doping, octahedral distortions were observed, and the highly disordered material tends to follow the 4e transfer mechanism. More symmetrical structures followed the 2e pathway to form H2O2 as the product with high peroxide selectivity. The distortion in the octahedral arrangement can be a descriptor to finetune the selectivity of the catalysts towards the 2e and 4e pathways of ORR.
Prebiotic properties of jiaogulan in the context of gut microbiome
Authors: Huang Gouxin , Yasir Muhammad , Zheng Yilin , Khan Imran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractJiaogulan (Gynostemma pentaphyllum) is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has been widely used in food and supplemental products. In the last 20 years, extensive research has been conducted to investigate the medicinal prospects of jiaogulan, and in this regard, more than 200 compounds have been isolated with various medicinal properties such as anticancer, anti‐obesity, anti‐inflammation, and antioxidation. In respect of potential benefits, jiaogulan market is likely growing, and various food items comprised of jiaogulan (beverage, sport drinks, cola, beer, tea, bread, and noodles) have been commercialized in the United States of America, China, and other Asian countries. More recently, there has been growing interest in the prebiotic potential of jiaogulan, especially at the interface of the gut microbiota. This review focuses on the prebiotic and therapeutic aspects of saponins and polysaccharides of jiaogulan tea by summarizing the literature on cancer, obesity, antioxidant activity, and immune‐modulatory properties.
Numerical investigation of a convective hybrid nanofluids around a rotating sheet
Authors: Prathiba Alfunsa , Akavaram Venkata Lakshmi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHybrid nanofluids are formulated with various kinds of base fluids. They are designed to provide good heat transfer performance. They can achieve this by dispersing various kinds of nanoparticles in the base materials. This new technology of formulating hybrid nanofluids has a wide range of applications in various industries such as solar energy, medical equipment, and aerospace. Keeping these applications in view, this study provides an insight into the effects of convective heat transport on a Hybrid nanofluid, across a rotating sheet with a variable heat source. In this investigation, the governing boundary layer partial differential equations were modified into the ordinary differential equations, by using the proper similarity transformations. Later, they were solved numerically, with the support of the Lobatto IIIA technique in MATLAB. The influence of the Richardson number on flow parameters was studied, and it was discovered that increasing Ri increases the velocity while decreasing temperature and concentration profiles. The impact of various other flow parameters on the flow fields and also on the behavior of Nusselt number, coefficient skin friction, and Sherwood number were studied and represented graphically. The outcomes were found to be in excellent accord when compared with quoted studies.
Mixed convection and entropy production of a hybrid nanofluid in a porous cylindrical enclosure with rotating top wall
Authors: Bellout Saliha , Bessaїh Rachid 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA numerical study is carried out to investigate heat transfer and entropy production of a hybrid nanofluid in a porous cylindrical enclosure with a rotating top wall. The bottom wall of the cylinder is taken as hot, the sidewall is adiabatic, except the top wall is considered cold and rotates at an angular velocity (ΩR). The effects of a hybrid nanofluid flow on heat transfer and entropy generation are examined for an aspect ratio (H/R = 1). A FORTRAN program was elaborated for solving the governing equations based on the finite volume method. Good agreement was found when comparing results from this study against published data. Our results are presented for different Reynolds number values (100 ≤ Re ≤ 1500), nanoparticle fraction NP (0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.08), Darcy number (10−4 ≤ Da ≤ 10−1) and porosity of the porous medium (0.2 ≤ ε ≤ 0.99) for Ri = 0.5, 1,5 and 8, where (Ri = Gr/Re2). They reveal that the heat transfer increases with Re, ϕ, Da, Ri, and decreasing ε. The simulation data were used to propose four different correlations for and Stot as Re, Da, Ri, ϕ, and ε.
Cervical ripening with multiple medical or combined induction methods: Risks of subsequent preterm birth in nulliparous women
Authors: Farago Naama , Ginsberg Yuval , Bachar Gal , Beloosesky Ron , Zipori Yaniv , Vitner Dana , Weiner Zeev , Ganem Nadir , Khatib Nizar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the impact of combined medical and medical/mechanical methods for cervical ripening on the risk of preterm birth in subsequent pregnancy, in nulliparous women.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of nulliparous women with term singleton gestations induced by single or combined methods at one center who had their subsequent second birth in the same center. Study groups were compared with a control group of nulliparous women not induced. The primary outcome was risk of preterm labor in the second consecutive birth. Secondary outcomes included neonatal and maternal complications.ResultsCohort included 1277 nulliparous women who underwent cervical ripening by single or combined methods. The study group consisted of 942 women induced by one dose of prostaglandin E2, 248 women induced by combined methods, and 87 women induced by a mechanical method. The control group consisted of 3903 women. Demographic data of the groups were comparable. Rates of spontaneous preterm birth and early spontaneous preterm birth in the subsequent births did not differ between the groups.ConclusionCervical ripening with combined methods or multiple medical methods did not increase the rate of subsequent spontaneous preterm births in nulliparous women or change the neonatal and maternal complications rate.
Estrogen-Responsive Gene MAST4 Regulates Myeloma Bone Disease
Authors: Cui Yushan , Wang Fangfang , Zhang Danfeng , Huang Jingcao , Yang Yan , Xu Juan , Gao Yuhan , Ding Hong , Qu Ying , Zhang Wenyan , Liu Weiping , Pan Ling , Zhang Li , Liu Zhigang , Niu Ting , Liu Ting , Zheng Yuhuan 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Our previous data showed that young female multiple myeloma (MM) patients had a low frequency of osteolytic lesions. Based on this clinical observation, we found that estrogen cell signaling played a regulatory role in MM bone disease (MMBD), and the estrogen-responsive gene microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase family member 4 (MAST4) was a critical factor. The presence of estrogen in cell cultures promoted MAST4 expression in MM cells, while knocking down estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) inhibited MAST4 expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay suggested a binding site of ESR1 on the MAST4 promoter. Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronic acid (ZOL), which was widely used in MMBD control, could stimulate MAST4 expression in MM cells by promoting ESR1 expression. MAST4 interacted with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), therefore regulating the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway and the expression of downstream cytokines, such as CCL2/3/4. MAST4 knockdown (MAST4-KD) or ESR1 knockdown (ESR1-KD) MM cells had repressed PTEN activity, elevated PI3K-Akt-mTOR activity, and increased CCL2/3/4 expressions. Coculture of MAST4-KD or ESR1-KD MM cells with pre-osteoclasts (pre-OCs) stimulated OC formation in vitro, whereas neutralizing antibodies of CCL2/3/4 attenuated such stimulation. In mouse models, mice inoculated with MAST4-KD or ESR1-KD MM cells had severer MMBD than control knockdown (CTR-KD). The correlations between MAST4 and ESR1 expressions in MMBD, as well as related cell signaling pathways, were confirmed in analyses using gene expression profiles (GEPs) of patients' MM cells. The negative correlation of MAST4 expression and occurrence of MMBD was further validated by patients' immunohistochemical tissue array. Overall, our data suggested that estrogen cell signaling negatively regulated MMBD through MAST4. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Distributions of Microdamage Are Altered Between Trabecular Rods and Plates in Cancellous Bone From Men With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sacher Sara E. , Hunt Heather B. , Lekkala Sashank , Lopez Kelsie A. , Potts Jesse , Heilbronner Alison K. , Stein Emily M. , Hernandez Christopher J. , Donnelly Eve 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of fragility fracture despite exhibiting normal to high bone mineral density (BMD). Conditions arising from T2DM, such as reduced bone turnover and alterations in microarchitecture, may contribute to skeletal fragility by influencing bone morphology and microdamage accumulation. The objectives of this study were (i) to characterize the effect of T2DM on microdamage quantity and morphology in cancellous bone, and (ii) relate the accumulation of microdamage to the cancellous microarchitecture. Cancellous specimens from the femoral neck were collected during total hip arthroplasty (T2DM: n = 22, age = 65 ± 9 years, glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] = 7.00% ± 0.98%; non-diabetic [non-DM]: n = 25, age = 61 ± 8 years, HbA1c = 5.50% ± 0.4%), compressed to 3% strain, stained with lead uranyl acetate to isolate microdamage, and scanned with micro–computed tomography (μCT). Individual trabeculae segmentation was used to isolate rod-like and plate-like trabeculae and their orientations with respect to the loading axis. The T2DM group trended toward a greater BV/TV (+27%, p = 0.07) and had a more plate-like trabecular architecture (+8% BVplates, p = 0.046) versus non-DM specimens. Rods were more damaged relative to their volume compared to plates in the non-DM group (DVrods/BVrods versus DVplates/BVplates: +49%, p &lt; 0.0001), but this difference was absent in T2DM specimens. Longitudinal rods were more damaged in the non-DM group (DVlongitudinal rods/BVlongitudinal rods: +73% non-DM versus T2DM, p = 0.027). Total damage accumulation (DV/BV) and morphology (DS/DV) did not differ in T2DM versus non-DM specimens. These results provide evidence that cancellous microarchitecture does not explain fracture risk in T2DM, pointing to alterations in material matrix properties. In particular, cancellous bone from men with T2DM may have an attenuated ability to mitigate microdamage accumulation through sacrificial rods. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Abstract
Reconstructions of representative T2DM cancellous specimen with highlighted plate microdamage (green) and rod microdamage (red). Rods were more damaged relative to their volume vs. plates in non-DM specimens but this difference was absent in T2DM specimens.