bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Local Antibiotic Perfusion (CLAP): A Treatment Strategy that Allows Implant Retention in Fracture-Related Infections
Authors: Maruo¹ Akihiro , Oda² Takahiro , Mineo¹ Ryowa , Miya¹ Hidetoshi , Muratsu¹ Hirotsugu , Fukui Tomoaki , Oe Keisuke , Kuroda³ Ryosuke , Niikura³ Takahiro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundFracture-related infections (FRI) are challenging to treat because of the formation of biofilms around implants. Systemic antibiotics are notoriously ineffective against biofilms due to insufficient penetration of tissues with poor vascularity. The treatment of Fracture-related infections aims to achieve bone union while retaining the implant. As proposed by us, continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) refers to the continuous local delivery system of sufficient antibiotics to bone and soft tissue infection sites. This allows for continuous administration of antibiotics to bone marrow via needles as intra-medullary antibiotics perfusion (iMAP) and to soft-tissue via double-lumen sub tubes as intra-soft tissue perfusion (iSAP).MethodsWe examined the outcomes of FRI patients treated based on the concept of CLAP at the first author’s hospital. Forty patients treated with CLAP for FRI between 2015 and 2021 were included. CLAP was initiated as urgently as possible after the infection was diagnosed. Patient/treatment background and efficacy/safety evaluation were analyzed. Gentamicin was used in CLAP in all cases.ResultsThe mean patients’ age was 60.5 years, and the mean follow-up was 696.4 days. The affected bones were the tibia (n=17), humerus (n=6), patella (n=3), pelvis (n=3), radius (n=2), femur (n=2), calcaneus (n=2), metatarsals (n=2), ulna (n=1), proximal phalanx (n=1), and vertebra (n=1). Twelve cases were treated with iMAP alone, 11 were treated with iSAP alone, and 17 were treated with a combination of both. Implant removal was required in five patients. Two of them required toe amputation and knee arthrodesis, while fracture union was achieved in the remaining 38 patients. Only one case of transient acute renal injury was observed as a systemic side effect; however, the patient’s condition improved soon. No eighth cranial nerve neuropathy of concern was observed, and the blood concentration of gentamicin could be adjusted to an appropriate level through the combined use of iMAP and iSAP.ConclusionCLAP is a novel local drug delivery system that can potentially deliver sufficient concentrations of antibiotics with few systemic side effects and is a valuable option for FRI treatment.
Unplanned reoperation after radical surgery for oral cancer：an analysis of risk factors and outcomes
Authors: Wu Meng , Zhang Wei , Zhu Hong , Ye Pu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Unplanned reoperation (UR) after radical surgery for oral cancer (OC) is a health threat for the patients. At present, the predictive factors for the UR effect are still debatable. The aim of the study was to understand the risk factors for unplanned reoperation after surgery, and to explore a potential role for long-term survival.Methods: Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify risk factors for demographic and clinical characteristics of patients. The data was analyzed statistically between November and December 2021.Results: The incidence of UR was 15.7%. The primary cause of UR was reconstructed flap complications. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that diabetes, tumor size, type of reconstruction, and nodal metastasis were independent risk factors for UR. Patients undergoing UR had a longer hospitalization, more post-operative complications, and a higher mortality compared with the non-UR group. UR is negatively correlated with the cancer-specific survival rate of patients (Log-rank test, P = 0.024).Conclusion: Diabetes, tumor size, pedicled flap reconstruction and cervical nodal metastasis (N2) as independent risk factors for UR was discovered. UR was positively correlated with perioperative complications prolong hospital stay, and increased early mortality, but negatively correlated with the cancer-specific survival rate survival rate.
Statistic evaluation of low-frequency acoustic wave impact on rainfall stimulation
Authors: WANG Mengyao , Chen Ji , LI Jiaye , WANG Jinzhao , XIE Hongwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For securing sustainable water resources, traditional solutions including seawater desalination are limited due to high cost and restricted operating conditions. Thus, acoustic stimulation of precipitation is a potential alternative method due to its low cost and convenient operation. Low-frequency acoustic field can be used to stimulate precipitation through evoking wavy motion of air particles in clouds which will significantly enhance the process of collision coalescence of cloud droplets and lead to their volume increase. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of rational methods to evaluate the effect of acoustic enhancement of rainfall in field experiments. To this end, in this study, nearly two-month field experiments of acoustic rainfall enhancement with 39 trials from May to July 2020 were carried out by our research team in the Tibetan Plateau. Statistical analysis was applied to evaluate the effect of acoustic wave on rainfall stimulation. The results of average rainfall intensity distribution using ordinary least square analysis disclose that acoustic interference has a considerable effect on rainfall enhancement. Such a rainfall enhancement effect increases significantly along with the increase of rainfall duration which is the index of cloud precipitation potential. For rainfall events with the duration more than two hours, the average rainfall intensity was improved by 72% with the acoustic wave effect over the experiment site. The phenomena are consistent with the fact that clouds with larger precipitation potential contain more cloud droplets which are beneficial to the acoustic coagulation process.
Choice Models and Recommender Systems Effects on Users’ Choices
Authors: Hazrati Naieme , Ricci Francesco 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, the users of a web platform, such as a video-on-demand service or an eCommerce site, are routinely using the platform's Recommender System (RS) when choosing which item to consume or buy (e.g., movies or books). It is therefore important to understand how exposure to recommendations can influence the users' choices, particularly the quality and distribution of the chosen items. However, users, even in the presence of the same RS, may show diverse and even atypical choice behaviours, which are independent of the RS; they may have the preference for choosing more popular or recent items. The effect of these behaviours on the collective evolution of the choices and the performance of the RS is not well understood yet. In fact, in previous analyses, the users were supposed to only choose among the top recommendations, without any further discrimination. Hence, we first perform a correlation analysis, in some choices data sets, revealing that three kinds of choice behaviours, namely the tendency to choose popular, recent, and highly rated items, is actually observable in large percentages of the users. Then we investigate how these choice behaviours, implemented as algorithmic Choice Models (Popularity-CM, Age-CM and Rating-CM), can influence the overall choice distribution and the performance of the RS.
With the aim of understanding such relationships and consequences, we have designed a simulation framework where the considered choice models (CMs) are adopted to simulate users' choices when they are exposed to recommendations from alternative RSs. We found that, 1) the choices' distribution of a user population is significantly influenced not only by the RS, but also substantially by the prevalent choice model of the population, 2) some biases of the RS are translated to the choices whatever is the CM, and 3) some important biases of the RS, in how they influence users' choice distribution, depend also on the choice model that the users adopt. The study contributes to the start of a new line of research where the impact of recommendation technologies can be studied with respect to alternative decision making approaches, which are actually followed by real users. Additionally, the simulation approach can help other researchers and practitioners to investigate the effect of deploying an RS when a certain CM is identified in a population of users.
Heading: Multimodal therapy First case of Colorectal cancer treated by multimodal therapy: A case study with a review of literature
Authors: Daorong Wang , Diallo Maladho Tanta , Ali Muhammad , Wazir Junaid , Ullah Rahat , Zhang Qi , Wang Yang , Long Ziyang , Ding Jianyue , Zhu Xiaodong , Jiang Mingrui , Ren Jun , Sun Qiannan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer remains an incurable disease despite progress in treatment over the past few years. Methods: In this report, we presented a case of colon cancer leading to the development (metastasis) of colorectal cancer in a 56-year-old woman. Preoperative colonoscopy was performed, and the diagnosis revealed a malignant tumor of the colon with a tumor of the abdominal wall, a secondary malignant tumor of the abdominal cavity, and a malignant tumor of the ovary. The biopsies revealed a metastatic or invasive grade I-II adenocarcinoma. After a few days, laparoscopic surgery was performed.Results: During the surgery, a metastasis of about 3 cm was found, and the metastasis of the pelvic cavity showed that the anterior wall of the rectum and the cervical stump had a recurrence of about 4 cm, and some small intestinal cancerous adhesions were present in the lesion. Afterwards, the biopsy specimens were reanalyzed, and immunohistological analysis showed this as cancerous tissue.Conclusion: When colorectal cancer is detected in a patient with a history of colon cancer and bilateral metastatic ovarian adenocarcinoma, the physician should be very observant of the condition as there is the possibility of recidivism due to poor prognosis. Surgery is the only curative treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Regularity and Uniqueness for Viscous, Compressible, and Heat Conducting Navier-Stokes and Magnetohydrodynamic Flows
Authors: Zhang Mingyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper concerns the Cauchy problem of three-dimensional viscous, compressible, and heat conducting Navier-Stokes and magnetohydrodynamic flows. Both some new Lp gradient estimates and the “div-curl” decomposition of ||∇u||L3 are established, the existence of global solutions to the Cauchy problem with small energy and lower regularity assumed on the initial data are obtained. Furthermore, we also prove that the global solution belongs to a new class of functions in which the uniqueness can be shown to hold.
Transcriptome sequencing of endophytic fungi with high yield tanshinone IIAand exploration of key genes in metabolic pathways
Authors: Xie Yifan , Wang Lei , Zheng Wangdong , Hu Yajun , Zhang Xuan , Dai Zhipeng , Liang Yu , Wei Xiying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Medicinal plant endophytic fungi can produce the same or similar biologically active secondary metabolites as the host.In this study, the endophytic fungus T21 in the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza can produce tanshinone IIA, the active substance of S. miltiorrhiza .We compared the differential expression between strain T21 and its high-yielding mutant strain F3-4 by transcriptome sequencing, so as to determine the key genes and pathways of tanshinone IIA synthesis in fungi. Methods and Results: Research materials were studied by transcriptome sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).A total of 11.31 Gb clean data were obtained. For each sample, there were 2.71 Gb clean data, and the Q30 base percentage of 86.15% and above was achieved. A total of 13,573 Unigene pieces were acquired after de novo assembly. Functional annotation of Unigene was performed, involving the comparison with non-redundant protein sequence (NR), swiss-prot, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG), cluster of orthologous groups of proteins(COG)and gene ontology(GO)databases. Moreover, 10,218 annotation results of Unigene were achieved. This study delved into the gene expression differences between the two fungi and acquired 88 differentially expressed genes.Then, the relative expression levels of 7 genes in the MVA pathway and the highly differentially expressed gene NRPS were detected by qRT-PCR technology. Conclusion: As revealed from this finding, tanshinone IIA may be synthesized via MVA pathway in fungi, and NRPS gene also participates in the synthesis of tanshinone IIA.
A New Intelligent ECG Recognition Approach based on CNN and Improved ALO-SVM
Authors: Zhang Dan , He Zhitao , Chen Yongyi , Yin Wutao , Karimi Hamid Reza 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common diseases, which seriously threatens people’s life and health. Therefore, the cardiovascular disease prevention becomes one of the most attractive research topics in health care system design. Intelligent recognition of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals represents an effective method for rapid diagnosis and the evaluation of cardiovascular diseases in medicine. Realization and efficiency of the classification of ECG signals in real time play major roles in detection of cardiovascular diseases. This paper is concerned with the proposition of an intelligent ECG signal recognition method on the basis of convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machines (SVM) with an improved antlion algorithm (ALO). First, the ECG signal is denoised and pre-processed by lifting wavelet. Subsequently, CNN is used to extract the signal characteristics of the denoising signal, and the extracted signal characteristics are used as the input characteristics of the SVM. Finally, an improved ALO algorithm is used to optimize the relevant input functions of the SVM to achieve a better signal classification. In our algorithm, the performance is enhanced by improving the threshold estimation method of the lifting wavelet, so as to improve the filtering effect. The proposed CNN architecture is tested with multi-lead ECG signals from the MIT-BIH ECG signal data set. The results display that the method has obtained an average accuracy, sensitivity and 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template A New Intelligent ECG Recognition Approach based on CNN and Improved ALO-SVM specificity values of 99.97%, 99.97% and 99.99% respectively. Compared with those state-of-arts, our result has a better recognition performance.
Identification of Five Novel Variants of ADAR1 in Dyschromatosis Symmetrica Hereditaria by Next-generation Sequencing
Authors: Ma Qian , Che Lingyi , Chen Yibing , Duan Juan , Gu Zhuoyu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited pigmentary dermatosis characterized by a mixture of hyperpigmented and hypopigmented freckles on the dorsal aspect of the distal extremities. To date, pathogenic mutations causing DSH have been identified in the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA1 gene (ADAR1), which is mapped to chromosome 1q21. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying pathological mechanism in 14 patients with DSH from five unrelated Chinese families. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and direct sequencing were performed on a proband with DSH to identify causative mutations. All coding, adjacent intronic, and 5′- and 3′-untranslated regions of ADAR1 were screened, and variants were identified. These mutations consisted of three missense mutations (NM_001025107: c.716G > A, NM_001111.5: c.3384G > C, and NM_001111.5: c.3385T > G), one nonsense mutation (NM_001111.5:c.511G > T), and one splice-site mutation (NM_001111.5: c.2080-1G > T) located in exon 2, exon 14, and the adjacent intronic region according to recommended Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) nomenclature. Moreover, using polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing, we identified five novel ADAR1 variants, which can be predicted to be pathogenic by in silico genome sequence analysis. Among the mutations, the missense mutations had no significant effect on the spatial structure of the protein, while the stop codon introduced by the nonsense mutation truncated the protein. Our results highlighted that the advent of NGS has facilitated high-throughput screening for the identification of disease-causing mutations with high accuracy, stability, and specificity. Five novel genetic mutations were found in five unrelated families, thereby extending the pathogenic mutational spectrum of ADAR1 in DSH and providing new insights into this complex genetic disorder.
Influence of roads on space use by European hares in different landscapes
Authors: Mayer Martin , Fischer Christina , Blaum Niels , Sunde Peter , Ullmann Wiebke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
ContextRoads are ubiquitous in human inhabited landscapes, and can impact animal movement and population dynamics, due to barrier effects, road mortality, but also by providing resources at road verges. Thus, we need a better understanding of how roads, in interaction with seasonal changes in habitat structure, affect space use and habitat selection of the animals that persist in these landscapes.ObjectivesHere, we used the European hare (Lepus europaeus) as model species to investigate how human-induced changes in landscape composition – measured as road density, land cover type, and field size – affect home range location, seasonal habitat selection and road crossings, which are likely to correlate with wildlife-vehicle collision risk.MethodsWe collected >240,000 GPS positions of 90 hares from three populations (one in Denmark and two in Germany) that differed regarding agricultural intensification and road density. Using this data, we analyzed home range location and habitat selection (using step-selection functions) in relation to roads, habitat composition, and seasonality, and quantified how these factors affected road crossings by hares.ResultsIn comparatively more heterogeneous landscapes, hares established home ranges in areas with lower road densities compared to the surrounding area, but not in more simple landscapes. Moreover, hares generally avoided main roads and selected for minor roads during the vegetation growth seasons, especially in areas with comparatively less heterogeneous habitat structure. After accounting for main road density, the number of main road crossings was comparatively higher in simpler landscapes, and the number of daily main road crossing changed seasonally.ConclusionsOur findings emphasize that it is important to distinguish between road types, as different roads can have different impacts on animals (e.g. small roads providing foraging opportunities via roadside vegetation and large roads being avoided). Moreover, animals in comparatively more heterogeneous landscapes are better able to adjust their habitat selection to avoid main roads than animals inhabiting simpler landscapes. More generally, homogenous landscapes increase the space use requirements of animals, leading to increased probability of road crossings, which in turn might affect population dynamics via increased road mortality risk.
Successful desensitization protocol for pyridostigmine in the 12 years old patient with myasthenia gravis
Authors: KAPLAN Fatih , TOPAL Erdem 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Myasthenia gravis is a chronic, autoimmune disease with muscle weakness. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used in the symptomatic treatment of the disease. A 12 years old female patient diagnosed with myasthenia gravis was consulted to our clinic with the complaint of urticaria due to pyridostigmine bromide. The oral challenge test performed with pyridostigmine bromide was positive. As the patient was required to be administered with pyridostigmine bromide and due to lack of any alternatives, administration of the desensitization was decided. During and after the desensitization protocol, no reaction was observed. In this presentation, a successful desensitization protocol for pyridostigmine bromide in a child with myasthenia gravis patient was discussed.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2 Immunohistochemical Expression in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Implications in Prognosis and Immunomodulatory Effects
Authors: Gu Pengfei , Ling Bin , Ma Weike , Zhang Jinming , zhang Wei , Zeng Yu , Liu Yu , Chang Luchen , Ruan Xianhui , Zheng Xiangqian , Wei Songfeng , Gao Ming 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The linkage between IDO2 expression and cancer progression is still unclear, particularly in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Our purpose is to unveil the potential correlations between IDO2 status, clinical-pathological parameters, patients’ prognosis, and the possible immunomodulatory functions in MTC. Methods: Immunohistochemical expression levels of IDO2 were evaluated in the resected MTC surgical specimens and corresponding lymph nodes. CD4+ T cell infiltration was also evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis in the MTC tissues. The association of the IDO2 expression level with clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS)/recurrence-free survival (RFS), and CD4+T cell infiltration were retrospectively investigated. Results: High expression of IDO2 is closely associated with more aggressive clinicopathological features, such as multifocality, ETE, a higher pT stage and especially a higher pN stage. Moreover, a significant difference in RFS was observed between the IDO2-high and IDO2-low groups. IDO2 expression of lymph node tissues was significantly related to the metastasis status. Furthermore, we found that IDO2 expression is negatively correlated with CD4+T cell infiltrations in MTC tissues. Conclusions: The expression level of IDO2 is associated with aggressive characteristics and is predictive of poor prognosis in patients with MTC. Also, an interesting observation is that IDO2 involvement in MTC showed a moderate sexual dimorphism, of which female patients tend to be more affected by IDO2 status. Moreover, our results showed the potential immunomodulatory functions of IDO2. The close relationship between IDO2 and CD4+T cell infiltration in the MTC microenvironment, together with its potential prognostic implications, makes it possible for IDO2 to serve as an alternative drug target in cancer immunotherapy and as a new prognostic tool.