bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Poor Quality Sleep during Ramadan and Academic Performance among Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Dighriri Ibrahim M. , Madkhali Abdulmajeed A. , Alrabghi Khawlah K. , Almofrh Naif , Alqurashi Khalid A. , Aljuaid Nouf S. , Alqurashi Ghadeer B. , Almalki Marwah Kh. , Alnami Shatha A , Mahzari Yahya A. , Mashraqi Zamzam O. , Albuheiri Aishah H. , Alqurashi Salih H. , Alhazmy Mona Y. , Albeladi Fatimah H. 
Published: June 2022

Adequate sleep is essential for improving cognitive function, memory retention, and academic performance. During Ramadan, many students suffer with the changes in mealtimes that lead to variations in caloric and nutrient intake and affect sleep quality. Disturbed and poor sleep results in decreased academic performance and impaired judgment. This study aim was to assess the relationship between poor quality sleep during Ramadan and academic performance among students in Saudi Arabia. It also provided suggested strategies to improve students’ sleep quality and academic performance. It was a cross-sectional study, which was conducted by using an online questionnaire from April to May 2022. The questionnaire consisted of two components. The first portion contained demographic data, such as gender, age, and academic performance. The second section was devoted to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).Study participants were students of both genders aged 18 and older. The survey was completed by 583 students, of whom 364 (62.4%) were female and only 219 (37.6%) were male. Almost all the participants were aged between 21–23 years. Four hundred and eight (70.0%) were single. The results of the PSQI overall score were that 460 students (78.9%) had poor sleep quality, whereas 123 (21.1%) had good sleep quality. Most of the students with poor academic performance had very bad sleep quality (45%), sleep latency of more than one hour (41.4%), sleep duration < 5 hours (43.2%), and sleep efficiency of <65% (52.3%). The majority of these students had sleep disturbances three or more times a week (43.2%), and they suffered dysfunction every day (43.2%). The results revealed an association between all the PSQI components and academic performance (p < 0.05) except sleep duration. The majority of students had poor sleep quality in Ramadan. We would recommend that students be made aware of the impact of poor sleep habits on academic performance, that students are taught skills, such as how to manage their time well and how to get a good night's sleep, and suggest that universities change the time that students study during Ramadan to fit their abilities.
MnO2 Polymorphs as Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Ca‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zuo Chunli , Xiong Fangyu , Wang Junjun , An Yongkang , Zhang Lei , An Qinyou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCalcium‐ion batteries (CIBs) have attracted extensive interest for energy storage due to the high operating potentials and the abundant resources of calcium. However, the application of CIBs has been limited by the absence of high‐voltage and high‐performance cathode materials. Herein, for the first time, four kinds of MnO2 polymorphs (α, β, γ, and δ‐phase) as cathode materials for CIBs are reported, and the δ‐MnO2 exhibits the highest electrochemical performance, which is mainly due to the higher Ca‐ion diffusivity of δ‐MnO2. The excellent rate capability obtained herein outperforms those of previously reported for all oxides as cathode materials for CIBs. Furthermore, the Ca‐ion storage mechanism of δ‐MnO2 based on the reversible order–disorder transformation is demonstrated by the in situ/ex situ characterizations. In addition, the capacity decay mechanism of δ‐MnO2 during the cycling process is confirmed as the dissolution of Mn and the optimization strategy is proposed. These results demonstrate that the δ‐MnO2 is a promising cathode material for CIBs, providing new opportunity for the development of high‐performance CIBs.
Observation of Topological Edge States in Thermal Diffusion
Authors: Hu Hao , Han Song , Yang Yihao , Liu Dongjue , Xue Haoran , Liu Gui‐Geng , Cheng Zheyu , Wang Qi Jie , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Baile , Luo Yu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTopological band theory predicts that bulk materials with nontrivial topological phases support topological edge states. This phenomenon is universal for various wave systems and is widely observed for electromagnetic and acoustic waves. Here, the notion of band topology is extended from wave to diffusion dynamics. Unlike wave systems that are usually Hermitian, diffusion systems are anti‐Hermitian with purely imaginary eigenvalues corresponding to decay rates. By direct probe of the temperature diffusion, the Hamiltonian of a thermal lattice is experimentally retrieved, and the emergence of topological edge decays is observed within the gap of bulk decays. The results of this work show that such edge states exhibit robust decay rates, which are topologically protected against disorder. This work constitutes a thermal analogue of topological insulators and paves the way to exploring defect‐immune heat dissipation.
A Euryhaline‐Fish‐Inspired Salinity Self‐Adaptive Nanofluidic Diode Leads to High‐Performance Blue Energy Harvesters
Authors: Hao Junran , Bao Bin , Zhou Jiajia , Cui Yanshuai , Chen Xiachao , Zhou Jiale , Zhou Yahong , Jiang Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe adaptability to wide salinities remains a big challenge for artificial nanofluidic systems, which plays a vital role in water–energy nexus science. Here, inspired by euryhaline fish, sandwich‐structured nanochannel systems are constructed to realize salinity self‐adaptive nanofluidic diodes, which lead to high‐performance salinity‐gradient power generators with low internal resistance. Adaptive to changing salinity, the pore morphology of one side of the nanochannel system switches from a 1D straight nanochannel (45 nm) to 3D network pores (1.9 nm pore size and ≈1013pore density), along with three orders of magnitude change for charge density. Thus, the abundant surface charges and narrow pores render the membrane‐based osmotic power generator with power density up to 26.22 Wm−2. The salinity‐adaptive membrane solves the surface charge‐shielding problem caused by abundant mobile ions in high salinity and increases the overlapping degree of the electric double layer. The dynamic adaption process of the membrane to the hypersaline environment endows it with good salt endurance and stability. New routes for designing nanofluidic devices functionally adaptable to different salinities and building power generators with excellent salt endurance are demonstrated.
Experimental Method to Distinguish between a Solution and a Suspension
Authors: Xu Xufeng , Ong Quy , Mao Ting , Silva Paulo Jacob , Shimizu Seishi , Rebecchi Luca , Kriegel Ilka , Stellacci Francesco 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDispersion of objects in a fluid phase can be classified as solutions (Gibbs free energy of mixing, ΔGmix < 0) or suspensions (ΔGmix > 0) depending on their thermodynamic stability. Small objects tend to form solutions, larger ones suspensions, e.g., molecules versus micrometer‐sized colloids. Proteins and nanomaterials fall between these two size regimes. The long‐standing issue of whether proteins and nanoparticles are dissolved or suspended remains an important research question. Here, a simple, versatile, and experimentally robust method, based on sedimentation equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation (SE‐AUC), which can determine whether proteins, nanoparticles, or polymers form solutions or suspensions, is presented. SE‐AUC determines the osmotic pressure profile for a dispersion. Such a profile for solutions (equilibrium one‐phase systems) is independent of the initial and the operating conditions. The opposite is true for suspensions that are nonequilibrium two‐phase systems. This study proves that bovine serum albumin and lysozyme form solutions while ferritin and apoferritin form suspensions.
Efficacy of the exhalation delivery system with fluticasone in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps whose symptoms recur after sinus surgery
Authors: Ow Randall A. , Soler Zachary M. , Sindwani Raj , Leopold Donald A. , Lee Jivianne T. , Mahmoud Ramy A. , Han Joseph K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSinus surgery removes inflamed tissue, restores airflow, and improves delivery of medication into surgically opened spaces. The exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS‐FLU; XHANCE®) uses a novel delivery system to create closed‐palate, positive‐pressure, bidirectional mechanics that significantly alter the deposition of the topically acting anti‐inflammatory medication. We ask whether EDS‐FLU efficacy differs for patients with recurrent symptoms after sinus surgery versus patients without surgery.ObjectiveWe aimed to compare EDS‐FLU treatment responses in patients with recurrent symptoms after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and patients who have never had sinus surgery.MethodsData were pooled from two large, controlled trials (NAVIGATE I and II) for exploratory analyses. Chronic rhinosinusitis symptoms, polyp grade, and quality‐of‐life measures were compared between patients with prior ESS and those without prior ESS.ResultsPatients with prior ESS (exhalation delivery system–placebo [n = 53], EDS‐FLU 186 μg [n = 52], and EDS‐FLU 372 μg [n = 49]) and unoperated patients (exhalation delivery system–placebo [n = 108], EDS‐FLU 186 μg [n = 108], and EDS‐FLU 372 μg [n = 111]) treated with EDS‐FLU reported similar and substantial benefits as measured by multiple symptom and quality‐of‐life/functioning outcomes (congestion score, 22‐Item Sinonasal Outcomes Test [SNOT‐22], Rhinosinusitis Disability Index [RSDI], Patient Global Impression of Change) and by nasal polyp grade. In previously operated patients, unlike surgery‐naive patients, multiple outcomes (SNOT‐22, RSDI, polyp grade) consistently showed numerically but not statistically greater responses to the higher dose.ConclusionsPatients with recurrent symptoms after sinus surgery who were treated with EDS‐FLU demonstrated significant symptom and quality‐of‐life improvement. Unlike unoperated patients, patients with prior ESS had a numerically but not statistically greater response to the higher dose of EDS‐FLU (two sprays per nostril twice a day).
Deciphering the Metal Speciation in Low‐Molecular‐Weight Complexes by IMS‐MS: Application to the Detection of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Mimics in Cell Lysates
Authors: Zoumpoulaki Martha , Schanne Gabrielle , Delsuc Nicolas , Preud'homme Hugues , Quévrain Elodie , Eskenazi Nicolas , Gazzah Géraldine , Guillot Regis , Seksik Philippe , Vinh Joelle , Lobinski Ryszard , Policar Clotilde 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe detection and quantification of exogenous metal complexes are crucial to understanding their activity in intricate biological media. MnIIcomplexes are difficult to detect and quantify because of low association constants, and high lability. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimic (or mimetic) labelled Mn1 is based on a 1,2‐di‐aminoethane functionalized with imidazole and phenolate and has good intrinsic anti‐superoxide, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated intestinal epithelial HT29‐MD2 cells, similar to that of its propylated analogue labelled Mn1P. Ion mobility spectrometry‐mass spectrometry (IMS‐MS) is a powerful technique for separating low molecular weight (LMW) metal complexes and can even separate complexes with the same ligand but bound to different divalent metal cations with similar ionic radii. We demonstrated the intracellular presence of the Mn1 and Mn1P complexes, at least partly intact, in lysates of cells incubated with the complexes and estimated the intracellular Mn1P concentration using a Co‐13C6analogue.
Imide‐Functionalized Fluorenone and Its Cyanated Derivative Based n‐Type Polymers: Synthesis, Structure–Property Correlations, and Thin‐Film Transistor Performance
Authors: Chen Zhicai , Li Jianfeng , Wang Junwei , Yang Kun , Zhang Jianqi , Wang Yimei , Feng Kui , Li Bolin , Wei Zhixiang , Guo Xugang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of high‐performance n‐type polymer semiconductors is powered by the design and synthesis of electron‐deficient building blocks with optimized physicochemical properties. By meticulously installing an imide group onto fluorene and its cyanated derivative, we report here two very electron‐deficient building blocks, imide‐functionalized fluorenone (FOI) and its cyanated derivative (FCNI), both featuring a deep‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level down to −4.05 eV and highly coplanar framework, endowing them ideal units for constructing n‐type polymers. Thus, a series of polymers are built from them, exhibiting unipolar n‐type transport character with a highest electron mobility of 0.11 cm2 V−1 s−1. Hence, FOI and FCNI offer a remarkable platform for accessing high‐performance n‐type polymers and the imide functionalization of appropriate (hetero)arenes is a powerful strategy for developing polymers with deep‐lying LUMOs for n‐type organic electronics.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Stereo‐ and Site‐Selective ortho‐ and meta‐C−H Glycosylation and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Gou Xue‐Ya , Li Yuke , Shi Wei‐Yu , Luan Yu‐Yong , Ding Ya‐Nan , An Yang , Huang Yan‐Chong , Zhang Bo‐Sheng , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min 
Published: June 2022

AbstractC‐aryl glycosides are popular basic skeletons in biochemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herein, ruthenium‐catalyzed highly stereo‐ and site‐selective ortho‐ and meta‐CAr−H glycosylation is described. A series of C‐aryl pyranosides and furanosides were synthesized by this method. The strategy showed good substrate scope, and various N‐heterocyclic directing groups were compatible with the reaction system. A mechanistic study suggested that the key pathway of ortho‐CAr−H glycosylation might involve oxidative addition/reduction elimination, whereas aryl meta‐C−H glycosylation was mediated by σ‐activation. Density functional theory calculations also showed that the high stereoselectivity of meta‐CAr−H glycosylation was due to steric hindrance.
Photoredox Generation of Isothiouronyl Radical Cations: A New Platform in Covalent Radical Catalysis
Authors: Archer Gaétan , Cavalère Pierre , Médebielle Maurice , Merad Jérémy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThiyl radicals offer unique catalytic patterns for the direct covalent activation of alkenes. However, important limitations in terms of structural diversity and handling have hampered the routine use of thiyl radicals in covalent radical catalysis. Herein, we report a new class of cationic sulfur‐centered radicals to achieve covalent radical catalysis. Their generation from highly modular thioureas by photoredox catalysis make their utilization very simple and reliable. The synthetic potential and the versatility of the catalytic system were finally evaluated in a (3+2)‐radical cascade between vinylcyclopropanes and olefins.
Nearly Unity Quantum Yield Persistent Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence from Heavy Atom‐Free Rigid Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Frameworks
Authors: Zheng Xin , Huang Yuanshan , Lv Wei , Fan Jianzhong , Ling Qidan , Lin Zhenghuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynergism between covalent and non‐covalent bonds is employed to fix an organic phosphor guest in a rigid inorganic framework, simulating the stiffening effect seen in the glassy state and realizing efficient and ultralong room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Twelve heavy‐atom‐free composites have been obtained through introducing arylboric or arylcarboxylic acid derivatives into the inorganic boric acid matrix by solid‐phase synthesis. Owing to the stiffening effect of multiple bonds, all the composites show highly efficient and persistent RTP of guest molecules with a quantum yield ranging from 39.8 % to ca. 100 % and a lifetime up to 8.74 s, which results in a 55 s afterglow visible to the naked eye after exposure to a portable UV lamp. Interestingly, it is found that the substitution position and quantity of carboxyl in the guest have a great influence on the phosphorescent properties, and that the heavy‐atom effect is invalid in such host–guest hybrid systems. The 100 g grade composite is easily prepared because of the solvent‐free, green, and simple synthesis method. These results provide an important way for the development of RTP materials with ultrahigh quantum yield and ultralong lifetime, as well as their practical applications in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting and information storage, among others.
High pressure processing and heat sterilization of kale: Impact on extractability, antioxidant capacity and storability of carotenoids and vitamin E
Authors: Schmidt Mario , Hopfhauer Sofia , Schwarzenbolz Uwe , Böhm Volker 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFood process engineering represents a rapidly evolving discipline traditionally focussing on thermal treatments including objectives such as preservation and stabilization. Innovative and gentle preservation techniques such as high‐pressure processing (HPP) may potentially improve or replace conventional methods by enhancing nutritional and health aspects, flavor and taste, sustainability, and more consumer‐targeted, minimally processed food items. As information about the impact of HPP (600 MPa, 5–40 min) on lipophilic food ingredients (e.g., carotenoids, vitamin E) in kale is limited, a comparison to heat sterilization (20 min, 121°C) may result in new insights related to lipophilic, antioxidant capacity (L‐AOC), extractability and storage stability (8 weeks, 5°C). HPP of chopped kale resulted in significantly increased (p < 0.05) total carotenoid and chlorophyll contents in contrast to declined concentrations of vitamin E. Significantly decreased extractabilities were observed for total carotenoids and chlorophylls in heat sterilized kale, showing no significant change (p > 0.05) in vitamin E content. Moreover, 2 months of storage of HP‐treated kale resulted in a major loss of vitamin E and total carotenoid contents compared to thermally treated samples. Elevated α‐tocopherol equivalent antioxidant capacities (αTEAC) and lipophilic oxygen radical antioxidant capacities (L‐ORAC) correlated with an increased pressure holding time.
Therapeutic potential of nanoceria pretreatment in preventing the development of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Immunomodulation via reactive oxygen species scavenging and SerpinB2 downregulation
Authors: Lien Wei‐Chih , Zhou Xin‐Ran , Liang Ya‐Jyun , Ching Congo Tak‐Shing , Wang Chia‐Yih , Lu Fu‐I , Chang Huei‐Cih , Lin Feng‐Huei , Wang Hui‐Min David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUrological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) manifests as pelvic pain with frequent urination and has a 10% prevalence rate without effective therapy. Nanoceria (cerium oxide nanoparticles [CNPs]) were synthesized in this study to achieve potential long‐term pain relief, using a commonly used UCPPS mouse model with cyclophosphamide‐induced cystitis. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that serpin family B member 2 (SerpinB2) was the most upregulated marker in mouse bladder, and SerpinB2 was downregulated with CNP pretreatment. The transcriptome sequencing analysis results agreed with quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis results for the expression of related mRNAs and proteins. Analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets revealed that SerpinB2 was a differentially upregulated gene in human UCPPS. In vitro SerpinB2 knockdown downregulated proinflammatory chemokine expression (chemokine receptor CXCR3 and C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 10) upon treatment with 4‐hydroperoxycyclophosphamide. In conclusion, CNP pretreatment may prevent the development of UCPPS, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and SerpinB2 downregulation may modulate the immune response in UCPPS.
R‐CTM: A data‐driven macroscopic simulation model for heterogeneous traffic
Authors: Liu Jingyao , Deng Zhigang , Mao Tianlu , Wang Zhaoqi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a well‐known trade‐off between computational efficiency and computational accuracy in the field of traffic simulation. In this article, we propose a novel recurrent neural network based model with an integrated attention mechanism, called R‐CTM, to simulate heterogeneous traffic flow with multiple types of vehicles. It can effectively extract the traffic flow patterns of spatial and temporal changes from training traffic data, which can be real‐world traffic data or synthetic traffic data via microscopic simulation models. Through experiments and comparisons, we show that it can significantly outperform the state of the art methods in terms of simulation accuracy. Besides accuracy, we also demonstrate its scalability: its runtime consumption does not linearly increase with respect to the spatial extent.
New Ketene Dithioacetals Generated from 2‐Nitroperchlorobutadiene and Investigation of Their Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anticonvulsant and Antidepressant Activities
Authors: Aydinli Serdar Goksin , Bulut Elif , Deniz Nahide Gulsah , Sayil Cigdem , Komarovska‐Porokhnyavets Olena , Lubenets Vira , Zvarych Viktor , Stasevych Maryna , Nesterkina Mariia , Kravchenko Iryna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ketene dithioacetal 3 generated from 2‐nitroperchlorobutadiene 1 reacted with various heterocyclic amines and aliphatic, aromatic and heterocyclic thiols to produce functionalized new ketene‐N,S,S‐acetals and S,S,S‐acetals 4a–f, 5a–h as heterocyclic dithiolanes. They were separated/purified by chromatographic methods and their exact structure characterization were made clear by spectroscopic methods. These compounds synthesized could act as effective drugs for versatile activity. Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of the obtained substances determined derivatives 4e and 5h, which have MIC=15.6 μg/mL for the test culture of Mycobacterium luteum bacteria closing to the control drug Vancomycin. The obtained compounds can be proposed as a promising synthetic objects for future molecular design to enhance the antimicrobial action. Ketene dithioacetals 3, 4a, 4b, 4e, 5g (50 mg/kg) exhibited antiseizure effect comparable with reference drug (valproic acid) on the model of pentylenetetrazole‐induced convulsions after single oral administration both at 3 h and 24 h. Furthermore, tested dithioacetals possessed prolonged antidepressant activity in forced swim test (FST) considerable decreasing the duration of immobility time compared to reference drug amitriptyline. This is the first study of the investigation of anticonvulsant and antidepressant activities of ketene dithioacetals.
Peridevice leak: Achilles' heel of left atrial appendage occlusion?
Authors: Cilingiroglu Mehmet , Inanc Ibrahim 
Published: June 2022

Key Points
Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is the standard of care for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are not eligible for chronic oral anticoagulation (COA).
Peridevice leak (PDL) remains an unsolved issue.
Further studies are needed to evaluate the real impact of PDL on the long‐term clinical outcomes.