bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SINTESIS MEMBRAN SELULOSA TERMODIFIKASI NA2EDTA DARI BAGASE TEBU UNTUK ADSORPSI LOGAM Pb
Authors: Nafi’ah Rohmatun , Primadevi Susan 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Selulosa merupakan bahan dasar membran ultrafiltrasi yang sekarang banyak dikembangkan. Keunggulan selulosa dibandingkan senyawa lain dalam pembuatan membran yaitu senyawa selulosa tersebar secara luas di alam, murah, jumlahnya melimpah, mudah diperoleh, dan dapat mengembang di air. Namun, serat selulosa yang belum dimodifikasi memiliki kemampuan adsorpsi logam berat yang rendah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan modifikasi pada membran selulosa dari ampas tebu dengan Na2EDTA yang dijadikan sebagai adsorben yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh daya kemampuan pengikatan logam Pb oleh membran selulosa. Proses pembuatan membran selulosa meliputi tahap Isolasi selulosa, tahap sintesis membran selulosa, dan tahap pencetakan membran. Proses Isolasi selulosa menggunakan metode Sokletasi. Proses sintesis membran selulosa, Serbuk selulosa murni ditimbang sebanyak 2 gram, dimasukkan ke dalam beker glass. Kemudian ditambahkan 20 mL asam sulfat 2 M dan diaduk homogen selama 30 menit sambil dipanaskan di atas hot plate stirrer suhu 45°C. Campuran tadi ditambahkan Na2EDTA sebanyak 52 mg, diaduk homogen selama 20 menit menggunakan magnetic stirrer. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji analisis kualitatif (FTIR) dan Uji kuantitatif dengan kajian adsorpsi membran selulosa terhadap logam Pb. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai susut pengeringan simplisia bagase tebu sebesar 59,37%. Rata-rata penentuan kadar air simplisia bagase tebu dengan replikasi 3 kali adalah 7,461%, Kadar abu simplisia bagase tebu diperoleh sebesar 9,205%. Nilai kapasitas adsorpsi yang paling optimal yaitu pada variasi pH 3 yaitu sebesar 1,875 mg/gram. Kata Kunci: Membran Selulosa, Bagase Tebu, Adsorben, Logam Pb
Infection néonatale bactérienne précoce à localisation méningée : à propos de 57 nouveau-nés marocains
Authors: Hattoufi K. , Kharbach A. , Barkat A. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction : La méningite bactérienne est l’une des plus graves infections néonatales bactériennes précoces. Elle est à l’origine des complications redoutables, dont les séquelles psychomotrices et neurosensorielles sont souvent irréversibles.
Objectifs : Décrire les caractéristiques des méningites néonatales bactériennes précoces chez un groupe de nouveaunés marocains.
Méthodes : Ont été inclus tous les nouveau-nés hospitalisés, au Centre national de référence en néonatologie et en nutrition de l’hôpital d’Enfants du centre hospitalier universitaire de Rabat, pour prise en charge d’une méningite bactérienne précoce. Après avoir sélectionné les dossiers des nouveau-nés, une fiche d’exploitation a été remplie pour chaque cas.
Résultats : Le diagnostic de méningite a été retenu chez 57 (5 %) nouveau-nés. Lors de l’admission, 32 % des nouveaunés avaient un âge inférieur à 24 heures. La protéine C-réactive était positive chez 56 nouveau-nés (98 %). La valeur moyenne de la CRP était de 54 ± 31 mg/l. Les nouveau-nés symptomatiques ont représenté 54 % des cas. L’examen du liquide céphalorachidien prélevé par ponction lombaire a été effectué.
Conclusion : L’absence de signe clinique spécifique de la méningite néonatale bactérienne précoce incite le praticien à se fonder sur un faisceau d’arguments cliniques et biologiques afin d’établir le bon diagnostic et prendre en charge le nouveau-né à risque dans un bref délai.
Use of surgical video–based automated performance metrics to predict blood loss and success of simulated vascular injury control in neurosurgery: a pilot study
Authors: Pangal Dhiraj J. , Kugener Guillaume , Cardinal Tyler , Lechtholz-Zey Elizabeth , Collet Casey , Lasky Sasha , Sundaram Shivani , Zhu Yichao , Roshannai Arman , Chan Justin , Sinha Aditya , Hung Andrew J. , Anandkumar Animashree , Zada Gabriel , Donoho Daniel A. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Experts can assess surgeon skill using surgical video, but a limited number of expert surgeons are available. Automated performance metrics (APMs) are a promising alternative but have not been created from operative videos in neurosurgery to date. The authors aimed to evaluate whether video-based APMs can predict task success and blood loss during endonasal endoscopic surgery in a validated cadaveric simulator of vascular injury of the internal carotid artery.

METHODS
Videos of cadaveric simulation trials by 73 neurosurgeons and otorhinolaryngologists were analyzed and manually annotated with bounding boxes to identify the surgical instruments in the frame. APMs in five domains were defined—instrument usage, time-to-phase, instrument disappearance, instrument movement, and instrument interactions—on the basis of expert analysis and task-specific surgical progressions. Bounding-box data of instrument position were then used to generate APMs for each trial. Multivariate linear regression was used to test for the associations between APMs and blood loss and task success (hemorrhage control in less than 5 minutes). The APMs of 93 successful trials were compared with the APMs of 49 unsuccessful trials.

RESULTS
In total, 29,151 frames of surgical video were annotated. Successful simulation trials had superior APMs in each domain, including proportionately more time spent with the key instruments in view (p < 0.001) and less time without hemorrhage control (p = 0.002). APMs in all domains improved in subsequent trials after the participants received personalized expert instruction. Attending surgeons had superior instrument usage, time-to-phase, and instrument disappearance metrics compared with resident surgeons (p < 0.01). APMs predicted surgeon performance better than surgeon training level or prior experience. A regression model that included APMs predicted blood loss with an R2 value of 0.87 (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Video-based APMs were superior predictors of simulation trial success and blood loss than surgeon characteristics such as case volume and attending status. Surgeon educators can use APMs to assess competency, quantify performance, and provide actionable, structured feedback in order to improve patient outcomes. Validation of APMs provides a benchmark for further development of fully automated video assessment pipelines that utilize machine learning and computer vision.
Long-term efficacy of vestibular neurotomy in disabling Ménière’s disease and Tumarkin drop attacks
Authors: Véleine Yohanan , Brenet Esteban , Labrousse Marc , Chays André , Bazin Arnaud , Kleiber Jean-Charles , Dubernard Xavier 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
When Ménière’s disease (MD) becomes disabling due to the frequency of attacks or the appearance of drop attacks (i.e., Tumarkin otolithic crisis) despite "conservative" medical and surgical treatments, a radical treatment like vestibular neurotomy (VN) is possible. An ideal MD treatment would relieve symptoms immediately and persist after the therapy. The aim of this study was to identify if VN was effective after 10 years of follow-up regarding vertigo and drop attacks, and to collect the immediate complications.

METHODS
The authors report a retrospective, single-center (i.e., in a single tertiary referral center with otoneurological surgery activity) cohort study conducted from January 2003 to April 2020. All patients with unilateral disabling MD who had received a VN with at least 10 years of follow-up were included. The therapeutic efficacy was defined by complete disappearance of vertigo and drop attacks. The postoperative complications (CSF leak, total deafness, meningitis, death) were determined immediately after the surgery, and the hearing thresholds were determined during the patient follow-up with the pure tone average (PTA).

RESULTS
A total of 74 patients (of 85 who were eligible), average age 51.9 ± 11.1 years, including 38 men (51.4%), with disabling MD and/or Tumarkin drop attacks (24.3%) received VN, with at least 10 years of follow-up after surgery. After an average follow-up of 12.4 ± 1.7 years (range 10.0–16.3 years), 67 patients (90.5%) no longer presented any vertiginous attacks, and no patient experienced drop attack. The mean variation in early pre- and postoperative PTA was not statistically significant (n = 64, 2.2 ± 10.3 decibels hearing level [range −18 to 29], 95% CI [−0.4 to 4.37]; p = 0.096), and 84.4% of the patients evaluated had unchanged or improved postoperative PTA. Three significant complications were noted, including two surgical revisions for CSF leak. There was no permanent facial paralysis, meningitis, or death.

CONCLUSIONS
In case of disabling MD (disabling vertigo refractory to conservative vestibular treatments—Tumarkin drop attacks), VN via the retrosigmoid approach must be the prioritized proposal in comparison to intratympanic gentamicin injections, because of the extremely low complication rate and the immediate and long-lasting effect of this treatment on vertigo and falls.
Resection and radiotherapy for intracranial ependymoma: a multiinstitutional 50-year experience
Authors: Zuccato Jeffrey A. , Algan Ozer , Nair Vimoj J. , Gunter Tyler , Glenn Chad A. , Dunn Ian F. , Fung Kar-Ming , Shultz David B. , Zadeh Gelareh , Laperriere Normand , Tsang Derek S. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Maximal safe resection is the standard-of-care treatment for adults with intracranial ependymoma. The value of adjuvant radiotherapy remains unclear as these tumors are rare and current data are limited to a few retrospective cohort studies. In this study, the authors assembled a cohort of patients across multiple international institutions to assess the utility of adjuvant radiotherapy in this patient population.

METHODS
Adults with intracranial ependymoma managed surgically at the University Health Network in Toronto, Canada, the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, and The Ottawa Hospital in Ottawa, Canada, were included in this study. The primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Clinicopathological variables were assessed in univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models for prognostic significance of PFS and OS.

RESULTS
A total of 122 patients diagnosed between 1968 and 2019 were identified for inclusion. The majority of patients had grade II ependymomas on histopathology (78%) that were infratentorially located (71%), underwent gross-total (GTR) or near-total resection (NTR; 55%), and were treated with adjuvant radiotherapy (67%). A volumetric analysis of the extent of resection in 49 patients with available tumor volume data supported the accuracy of the categorical GTR, NTR, and subtotal resection (STR) groups utilized. Independent statistically significant predictors of poorer PFS in the multivariate analysis included STR or biopsy (vs GTR/NTR; HR 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4–11.0, p < 0.0001) and not receiving adjuvant radiotherapy; cranial (HR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–1.1) and craniospinal (HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.04–0.5) adjuvant radiotherapy regimens improved PFS (p = 0.0147). Predictors of poorer OS in the multivariate analysis were grade III histopathology (vs grade II: HR 5.7, 95% CI 1.6–20.2, p = 0.0064) and undergoing a biopsy/STR (vs GTR/NTR: HR 9.8, 95% CI 3.2–30.1, p = 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this 50-year experience in treating adult intracranial ependymomas confirm an important role for maximal safe resection (ideally GTR or NTR) and demonstrate that adjuvant radiotherapy improves PFS. This work will guide future studies as testing for molecular ependymoma alterations become incorporated into routine clinical practice.
Dumbbell-shaped pituitary adenomas: prognostic factors for prediction of tumor nondescent of the supradiaphragmal component from a multicenter series
Authors: Micko Alexander S. G. , Keritam Omar , Marik Wolfgang , Strickland Ben A. , Briggs Robert G. , Shahrestani Shane , Cardinal Tyler , Knosp Engelbert , Zada Gabriel , Wolfsberger Stefan 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
Dumbbell-shaped pituitary adenomas (DSPAs) are a subgroup of macroadenomas with suprasellar extension that are characterized by a smaller diameter at the level of the diaphragma sellae opening compared with the supradiaphragmal tumor component (SDTC). Hence, DSPAs may be particularly prone to a nondescending suprasellar tumor component and risk for residual tumor or postoperative bleeding.

METHODS
A multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of 99 patients with DSPA operated on via direct endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach between 2011 and 2020 was conducted. Patient recruitment was performed at two tertiary care centers (Medical University of Vienna and University of Southern California) with expertise in endoscopic skull base surgery. DSPA was defined as having a smaller diameter at the level of the diaphragma sellae compared with the SDTC.

RESULTS
On preoperative MRI, all DSPAs were macroadenomas (maximum diameter range 17–71 mm, volume range 2–88 cm3). Tumor descent was found in 73 (74%) of 99 patients (group A), and nondescent in 26 (26%) of 99 patients (group B) intraoperatively. DSPAs in group A had a significantly smaller diameter (30 vs 42 mm, p < 0.001) and significantly smaller volume (10 vs 22 cm3, p < 0.001) than those in group B. The ratio of the minimum area at the level of the diaphragmal opening in comparison with the maximum area of the suprasellar tumor component ("neck-to-dome area") was significantly lower in group A than in group B (1.7 vs 2.7, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.75 (95% CI 0.63–0.87). At a cutoff ratio of 1.9, the sensitivity and specificity for a nondescending suprasellar tumor component were 77% and 34%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, the neck-to-dome area ratio was of prognostic value for prediction of intraoperative tumor nondescent in DSPAs operated on via a direct endonasal endoscopic approach. Pituitary adenoma SDTC nondescent carried the inherent risk of hemorrhagic transformation in all cases.
The application of augmented reality–based navigation for accurate target acquisition of deep brain sites: advances in neurosurgical guidance
Authors: Gibby Wendell , Cvetko Steve , Gibby Andrew , Gibby Conrad , Sorensen Kiel , Andrews Edward G. , Maroon Joseph , Parr Ryan 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to quantify the navigational accuracy of an advanced augmented reality (AR)–based guidance system for neurological surgery, biopsy, and/or other minimally invasive neurological surgical procedures.

METHODS
Five burr holes were drilled through a plastic cranium, and 5 optical fiducials (AprilTags) printed with CT-visible ink were placed on the frontal, temporal, and parietal bones of a human skull model. Three 0.5-mm-diameter targets were mounted in the interior of the skull on nylon posts near the level of the tentorium cerebelli and the pituitary fossa. The skull was filled with ballistic gelatin to simulate brain tissue. A CT scan was taken and virtual needle tracts were annotated on the preoperative 3D workstation for the combination of 3 targets and 5 access holes (15 target tracts). The resulting annotated study was uploaded to and launched by VisAR software operating on the HoloLens 2 holographic visor by viewing an encrypted, printed QR code assigned to the study by the preoperative workstation. The DICOM images were converted to 3D holograms and registered to the skull by alignment of the holographic fiducials with the AprilTags attached to the skull. Five volunteers, familiar with the VisAR, used the software/visor combination to navigate an 18-gauge needle/trocar through the series of burr holes to the target, resulting in 70 data points (15 for 4 users and 10 for 1 user). After each attempt the needle was left in the skull, supported by the ballistic gelatin, and a high-resolution CT was taken. Radial error and angle of error were determined using vector coordinates. Summary statistics were calculated individually and collectively.

RESULTS
The combined angle of error of was 2.30° ± 1.28°. The mean radial error for users was 3.62 ± 1.71 mm. The mean target depth was 85.41 mm.

CONCLUSIONS
The mean radial error and angle of error with the associated variance measures demonstrates that VisAR navigation may have utility for guiding a small needle to neural lesions, or targets within an accuracy of 3.62 mm. These values are sufficiently accurate for the navigation of many neurological procedures such as ventriculostomy.
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI INFUSA DAUN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera L) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus DAN Escherichia coli
Authors: Widyastuti Yuni , Yuliani Nia , Widhyastini I.G.A. Manik 
Published: January 2022

Antibacterial Activity of Infused Aloe Vera Leaf (Aloe Vera L) on Growth Of Stapylococcus aureus and Escherichia coliDisinfectants may act as antibacterials. Aloe vera (Aloe vera L) is one of the plants that is often used by the community as a medicinal plant that has many active compounds such as lignin, saponin and anthraquinone substances that act as antibacterial. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera leaf extracted with infusa method on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The research method is to see the reduction / reduction of bacterial count (% reduction) after 30 second and 60 second with disc diffusion method. The results showed decrease or decrease of bacteria count (% reduction) to Escherichia coli bacteria found in aloe leaf skin infected by 28,2% after 60 seconds. While decrease or decrease of bacteria amount (% reduction) to Staphyloccocus uareus bacteria infusa mixture of meat and skin of Aloe vera leaves of 27.5% after 60 seconds. Antibacterial test of aloe vera leaf aloe (Aloe veraL) of 100% concentration by disc diffusion method did not show any inhibition zone around cultures of test bacteria.Keywords: Aloe vera, antibacterial activity, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, Infusa.ABSTRAKDesinfektan dapat berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Lidah buaya (Aloe vera L) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang sering digunakan masyarakat sebagai tanaman obat yang memiliki banyak senyawa aktif seperti lignin, saponin dan antrakuinon yaitu zat yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri daun lidah buaya (Aloe vera L) yang diekstrak dengan metode infusa terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Metode penelitian yaitu dengan melihat penurunan/pengurangan jumlah bakteri (% reduksi) setelah waktu 30 detik dan 60 detik dengan metode difusi cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan atau pengurangan jumlah bakteri (% reduksi) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli terdapat pada infusa kulit daun lidah buaya yaitu sebesar 28,2 % setelah waktu 60 detik.Sedangkan penurunan atau pengurangan jumlah bakteri (% reduksi) terhadap bakteri Staphyloccocus uareus terdapat pada infusa campuran daging dan kulit daun lidah buaya yaitu sebesar 27,5 % setelah waktu 60 detik. Uji antibakteri infusa daun lidah buaya (Aloe veraL) konsentrasi 100% dengan metode difusi cakram tidak menunjukkan adanya zona penghambatan disekitar biakan bakteri uji.Kata kunci : Lidah buaya, Aktivitas antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Escherichia coli, Infusa.
OPTIMASI PENAMBAHAN MADU SEBAGAI ZAT ANTI BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus, PADA PRODUK SABUN MANDI CAIR
Authors: Raisa Alvera , Srikandi Srikandi , Hutagaol Ricson P. 
Published: January 2022

Optimization of the Addition of Honey as an agent of an Anti bacterial Agent Staphylococcus aureus in Production of Shower liquid soapThe study was begun with making the basic shower liquid soap, then aditing the honey with a variety of different concentrations. In this study, the addition of honey were 0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; 12,5% and 15%. After that tested the effectiveness of antibacterial agent microbiology. Then analyzing physical and chemical properties of liquid soap in accordance with SNI 06-4085-1996. The parameters tested were pH, viscosity, and density, test quantity foam, and test preferences. Optimal concentration of the addition of honey in a liquid bath soap to be able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus are at the level of 10%. When compared with Triclosan soap, shower liquid soap with the addition of honey 5% could compete with antibacterial properties of triclosan soap using a concentration of 0.3%. The addition of honey with various concentrations of honey affect the physical and chemical properties of liquid soap such as pH, viscosity, density, and the amount of foam.Keywords: Liquid Soap, Honey and bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ABSTRAKPenelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pembuatan dasar sabun mandi cair, kemudian dilakukan penambahan madu dengan berbagai konsentrasi berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan madu sampai lebih dari 5% yaitu 0%; 2,5%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; 12,5% dan 15%. Setelah itu dilakukan uji efektifitas dari zat antibakteri secara mikrobiologi. Kemudian dilakukan analisis terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia sabun mandi cair sesuai dengan SNI 06-4085-1996. Parameter yang diuji adalah pH, viskositas, dan berat jenis, uji banyak busa, dan uji kesukaan. Konsentrasi optimal penambahan madu pada sabun mandi cair untuk bisa menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus adalah pada taraf 10%. Bila dibandingkan dengan sabun Triclosan, sabun mandi cair dengan penambahan madu 5% dapat menyaingi sifat antibakteri dari sabun yang menggunakan Triclosan dengan konsentrasi 0,3%. Penambahan madu dengan berbagai konsentrasi berpengaruh kepada sifat fisika dan kimia dari sabun mandi cair seperti pH, viskositas, berat jenis, serta jumlah busa.Kata kunci : Sabun Mandi Cair, Madu dan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus