bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
منهج التنشئة الاجتماعية في فكر الامام الصادق عليه السلام لبناء المجتمع الاسلامي
Authors: Meras Meras 
Published: September 2022

يولد الانسان كائنا عضوياً خالصاً والمجتمع هو الذي ينقله من الحالة العضوية البيولوجية إلى الحالة الاجتماعية أي تصبح له شخصية اجتماعية متكاملة تتأثر بالنظام الاجتماعي وتؤثر به وفق علاقة إيجابية والتنشئة الاجتماعية هي عملية تلقين الفرد قيم المجتمع الذي يعد فيه ومقاييس هذا المجتمع ومفاهيمه بحيث يصبح متدربا على اشغال مجموعة أدوار تحدد نمط سلوكه اليومي ولتنشئة الفرد بصورة سليمة لابد من عرض القواعد والاسس التي اتبعها العظماء في تنشئة مجتمعاتهم تنشئة صحيحة واخترنا من هؤلاء العظماء في بحثنا الامام الصادق (عليه السلام) وقد انتظم البحث على:
تمهيد ومبحثين وخاتمة وذكرنا في التمهيد معنى النهج لغة واصطلاحا ومعنى التنشئة في اللغة والاصطلاح اما البحث الأول فقد احتوى على مطلبين، المطلب الأول بحث في اهداف التنشئة الاجتماعية وشروطها. اما الثاني منه فتعرض إلى العوامل المؤثرة في التنشئة الاجتماعية اما البحث الثاني فقد تضمن على مطلبين، المطلب الأول يتطرق إلى حياة الامام الصادق (عليه السلام) وهيبته وحلمه واخلاقه والثاني منه يبحث في مدرسته العلمية وثقافته الواسعة ودوره (عليه السلام) في بناء الجماعة الصالحة ومن الصعوبات التي واجهتني في البحث هي قلة المصادر والمراجع حول التنشئة الاجتماعية وفي الختام اشكر الاخوة القائمين على هذا المؤتمر، والحمد لله اولاً وآخراً.
Preparation and Evaluation of Hydrophobic Grafted Ceramic Membrane: For Application in Water Desalination
Authors: Khemakhem Sabeur 
Published: September 2022

A new inorganic hydrophobic porous membrane was prepared and applied in desalination with the air-gap membrane distillation process. Ceramic supports from low-cost natural Tunisian sand have been elaborated by the extrusion method. The microfiltration layer has been elaborated from ZrO2 powder by slip casting technical using a solution of water, sand powder, and polyvinyl alcohol solution. The hydrophobic surface of the active layer was elaborated by grafting 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane on the ceramic microfiltration membrane surface (Tunisian Sand/Zirconia), to prepare a hydrophobic surface. The contact angle method allows showing the hydrophobic nature on the grafted membrane surface since it increases from 25° before grafting to values exceeding 140° after grafting. The efficiency of the grafting process was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The membrane permeability varies from 700 l.h−1.m−2 before grafting to 10 l.h−1.m−2 after grafting. The new hydrophobic membrane seems to be promising in the field of membrane distillation. Salt retention higher than 98% was obtained using a modified microfiltration ceramic membrane.
Evaluation of knowledge and barriers of influenza vaccine uptake among university students in Saudi Arabia; a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Bokharee Nida , Bukhsh Munnaza , Khan Yusra Habib , Alzarea Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Khan Faiz Ullah , Khan Salah-Ud-Din , Alotaibi Nasser Hadal , Alanazi Abdullah Salah , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Alatawi Ahmed D. , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: September 2022

Background
Influenza vaccine hesitancy is a significant threat to global maneuvers for reducing the burden of seasonal and pandemic influenza. This study estimated the vaccine uptake, barriers, and willingness for influenza vaccines among university students in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health science (HS) and non-health science (NHS) university students. A 31-item questionnaire was used to ascertain the vaccination rate, barriers, and willingness for the flu vaccine.

Results
This study included 790 students (mean age: 21.40 ± 1.94 years), 246 (31.1%) from HS and 544 (68.9%) from NHS disciplines. About 70% did not take flu shots before the arrival of the winter. The mean knowledge score was 7.81 ± 1.96, where 20.4%, 67.6%, and 12% of respondents had good, moderate, and poor knowledge regarding flu vaccines. The relative importance index (RII) analysis showed a lack of recommendation from physicians (51.5%, RI ranked: 1) was a top-ranked barrier to vaccine uptake, followed by negative perceptions and accessibility issues. Only 36.6% of the participants were willing to get vaccinated every year, 70% were willing to receive a vaccine on their doctor’s recommendations, and 46% agreed to vaccinate if vaccines were freely available in the university. The knowledge, barriers, and willingness widely varied across students from two disciplines.

Conclusions
Our analysis underscored low flu vaccine uptake among university students. In addition, the study participants’ knowledge was unsatisfactory, and they were less inclined to receive the flu vaccine in the future. Lack of recommendation from the physicians, negative perceptions towards the flu vaccine, and difficult accessibility were found as significant barriers to the vaccine uptake. A multidimensional approach at educational institutes to cover the knowledge gap and address the barriers curtailing the vaccination rate among students is recommended.
The effect of high and low velocity-based training on the throwing performance of collegiate handball players
Authors: Abuajwa Bassam , Hamlin Mike , Hafiz Eliza , Razman Rizal 
Published: September 2022

Background
The intensity of strength training exercise is generally regarded to be the most essential element in developing muscle strength and power. The exercise intensity of strength training is known as one-repetition maximum (1RM). Velocity-based training (VBT) has been proposed as a different approach for determining training intensity. VBT relies on the use of linear position transducers and inertial measurement units, providing real-time feedback to objectively adjust the exercise intensity based on an athlete’s velocity zone.

Methods
This study investigated the effects of two different training interventions based on individualized load velocity profiles (LVP) on maximal bench press strength (i.e., 1RM), maximum throwing velocity (TV), and skeletal muscle mass (SKMM). Twenty-two university handball players were randomly assigned to Group 1 (low-movement speed training) or Group 2 (high-movement speed training). Group 1 exercised with a bar speed of 0.75–0.96 m/s, which corresponds to a resistance of approximately 60% 1RM, whereas Group 2 trained at 1.03–1.20 m/s, corresponding to a resistance of approximately 40% 1RM. Both groups exercised three times a week for five weeks, with strength and throwing tests performed at baseline and post-intervention.

Results
A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was applied, and the results showed the interaction between group and time was not statistically significant for SKMM (p = 0.537), 1RM (p = 0.883), or TV (p = 0.774). However, both groups significantly improved after the five weeks of training: SKMM (3.1% and 3.5%, p < 0.01), 1RM (15.5% and 15.0%, p < 0.01), and throwing velocity (18.7% and 18.3%, p < 0.01) in Group 1 and 2 respectively. Training at both prescribed velocities in this study elicited similar changes in strength, muscle mass, and throwing velocity.
Cold water and harmful algal blooms linked to coral reef collapse in the Eastern Tropical Pacific
Authors: Palmer Caroline , Jimenez Carlos , Bassey Giovanni , Ruiz Eleazar , Villalobos Cubero Tatiana , Chavarria Diaz Maria Marta , Harrison Xavier A. , Puschendorf Robert 
Published: September 2022

Background
With conventional coral reef conservation methods proving ineffective against intensifying climate change, efforts have focussed on augmenting coral tolerance to warmer water—the primary driver of coral declines. We document coral cover and composition in relation to sea surface temperature (SST) over 25-years, of six marginal reefs in an upwelling area of Costa Rica’s Eastern Tropical Pacific.

Methods
Using reef survey data and sea surface temperature (SST) dating back over 25-years, we document coral cover and composition of six marginal reefs in an upwelling area of Costa Rica’s Eastern Tropical Pacific in relation to thermal highs and lows.

Results.
A ubiquitous and catastrophic coral die-off event occurred in 2009, driven by SST minima and likely by the presence of extreme harmful algal blooms. Coral cover was dramatically reduced and coral composition shifted from dominant branching Pocillopora to massive Pavona, Porites, and Gardineroseris. The lack of coral recovery in the decade since indicates a breach in ecosystem tipping-point and highlights a need for resilience-based management (RBM) and restoration. We propose a locally tailored and globally scalable approach to coral reef declines that is founded in RBM and informed by coral health dynamics.
Moderating Role of Agility in the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Supervisor Support for Organizational Change at PT PLN (Persero)
Authors: Siddik Aldio Fikri , Ahadiat Ayi , Hayati Keumala 
Published: September 2022

Aims: Change is something that every company must deal with on a regular basis. This is a critical issue for every company or organization. Today's TUNA and VUCA organizational settings need adaptability and a learning culture. The purpose of this research is to look at the link between organizational change and agility at PT PLN by using felt organizational support and perceived supervisor support as study mediators.
Study Design / Methodology: The study's sample included 275 PT PLN (Persero) of 43.475 workers The analytical approach used in this investigation was structural equation modeling (SEM). Perceived Organizational Support (POS) and Perceived Supervisor Support (PSS) were revealed to have an influence on agility
Results: Organizational transformation is unaffected by perceived organizational support (POS), although it is impacted by it (POS). Furthermore, in terms of organizational change, agility influences the link between perceived organizational support and perceived supervisor support.
Implications: According to the research, PT PLN (Persero) has to concentrate more on its personnel and conduct yearly organizational health index surveys, as well as cultural and cultural surveys. Identifying areas for improvement so that greater action may be taken to avoid future dangers.
Diversity of Invasive Alien Dicot Species in Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Verma Smriti Raj , Joshi Sangeeta , Rawat D. S. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: Regular assessment of invasive species is essential to understand the status of flora in any area. The current study is the result of a floristic survey of wild dicotyledonous angiospermic plants of Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India.
Methods: For the study, field surveys were conducted from the year 2016-2022. Plant specimens were collected, dried, poisoned and herbarium were prepared. Specimens were identified with the help of various Floras.
Results: Anthropogenic stresses on the vegetation are on high in the area in the form of intensive agricultural farming, industrial activities, university campus activities, roads and traffic, parks and playgrounds and continuous removal of natural wild vegetation. The natural tarai vegetation of the region is nearly lost or found in patches while a major portion of the vegetation is composed of invasive alien plant species (IAPS). Two assessments of invasive alien angiosperm species have been carried out in the area during the last decade in 2011 and 2015. These assessments reported the presence of 52 species [16] and 85 species [17] of invasive alien dicot plants. The current study, however, reveals the presence of 105 invasive alien dicot species (IADS) from the study region. This large increment of more than 23 % in the IADS in such a short span of time reflects the poor state of natural vegetation and high degree of anthropogenic activities in the area. The nativity analysis revealed the dominance of South American elements (53.33%) in the invasive alien dicot flora of the study region, followed by Tropical American, African and North American elements.
Does Nifuroxazide Enhance the Effect of Metronidazole Oral Administration in the Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection?
Authors: Rahimić Jasna , Alibegović Ervin , Kurtćehajić Admir , Lekić Lana , Alibegović Dino , Dautović Esmeralda 
Published: September 2022

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of metronidazole monotherapy and modified therapy with metronidazole + nifuroxazidefor the for treatment of a mild form of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
Study Design: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Applied Sciences Tuzla in the period from June 2018 to June 2019.
Methodology: Sixty patients were included in the study, divided into two groups. One group received standard therapy (metronidazole) for the treatment of a mild form of CDI, while the other group was treated with modified therapy (metronidazole + nifuroxazide). Subjects with a developed clinical picture and a positive toxin test for Clostridium difficile were surveyed on the day of admission, then on the 4th, 10th, 14th and 30th days from the start of therapy. The goal of the research was to determine the impact of the modified therapy protocol on the number of stools and the presence of pain compared to standard therapy.
Results: The modified therapy with metronidazole + nifuroxazide showed better pharmacological efficacy in the treatment of CDI compared to the standard therapy with metronidazole alone. The group of subjects who were treated with modified therapy reported a significantly lower number of stools (P=.001) and the absence of pain at the first and second check-ups.
Conclusion: Nifuroxazide and metronidazole represent a combination of drugs that reduce the number of stools in the shortest possible time and result in the absence of abdominal pain in patients diagnosed with a mild form of CDI.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Distal CH Functionalization of Arenes
Authors: Jin Zhong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Related to
ortho
‐CH functionalization of arenes by proximal σ‐chelation, palladium‐catalyzed distal
meta
‐ or
para
‐CH functionalization of arene substrates remains significant challenges owing to the unstable macrocyclic transition state. Through utilizing the deliberated directing templates or Pd/norbornene relay strategy, distal
meta
‐ or
para
‐CH on the phenyl ring could be efficiently functionalized in the presence of Pd catalyst. This article summarizes the recent progress about Pd‐catalyzed remote
meta
‐ and
para
‐CH functionalization of the diverse arene derivatives.
Pd‐Catalyzed CChalcogen Bond Formation (CS, CSe) by CH Bond Activation
Authors: Vuagnat Martin , Jubault Philippe , Besset Tatiana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganosulfur and organoselenium compounds are indisputable key compounds in material science, agrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the quest for efficient methodologies to access sulfur‐ and selenium‐containing molecules has aroused the interest of the scientific community. In the past decade, transition metal‐catalyzed CH bond activation appeared to be a powerful and more sustainable tool to reach high molecular complexity from non‐pre‐functionalized substrates. This article summarizes the recent advances that have been made in the field of the palladium‐catalyzed CS/CSe bond formation by CH bond activation.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Remote CH Functionalization of Directed Arenes
Authors: Yan Yuting , Fu Xuegang , Huang Jianhui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn arene chemistry, CH direct functionalization has become one of the most attractive and challenge strategies for the introduction of new fragments bringing molecular complexity. Among a great number of transition metals involved in reaction approaches, Ru‐catalyzed CH functionalization of directed aryl‐containing compounds certainly provided unique reaction modes and new synthetic consideration in molecular design. In this article, we have overviewed the recent advances in the development of new synthetic approaches within the field of Ru‐catalyzed remote CH functionalization of directed arenes. The developments of the methodologies, synthetic applications, and reaction mechanisms on typical reaction modes have been discussed, and examples for accessing molecules in medicinal chemistry were also included.
Iron‐Catalyzed CH Functionalization to Form CC and C–Heteroatom Bonds
Authors: Mondal Susmita , Samanta Sadhanendu , Hajra Alakananda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The direct functionalization of CH bonds for the construction of CC and C–heteroatom bonds is an attractive research tool for the synthetic organic community. In this regard, iron‐catalyzed CH functionalization has received significant attention due to its wide redox potential range, natural abundance, multiple oxidation states, low toxicity, sustainable nature, and low cost. Herein, we have highlighted Fe‐catalyzed CC and C–heteroatom bond‐forming reactions and their potential application in the synthesis of heterocycles and bioactive natural products.
Ni, Rh, and Fe‐Catalyzed CH Functionalization by Electrochemistry
Authors: Yaqoob Aaron , Xing Yalan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the past decades, transition metal‐catalyzed CH activation reactions have developed into a powerful tool in organic synthesis due to their effectiveness of direct conversion of simple and ubiquitous CH bonds into diverse functional groups. Recently, organic electrochemistry has experienced a remarkable renaissance and emerged from an underappreciated technique into an attractive method in the synthetic organic chemistry community. Therefore, the combination of metal‐catalyzed CH activation with electrochemistry offers exciting opportunities which conventional chemistry may not be able to achieve for the development of highly chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselective synthetic methodologies. In this article, we will be focusing on cutting‐edge and novel transformations enabled by Ni, Rh, and Fe‐catalyzed CH activations with electrochemistry.
Visible‐Light Mediated CH Functionalization of Heteroarenes
Authors: Ganie Majid Ahmad , Bhat Muneer Ul Shafi , Kumar Sourav , Shah Bhahwal Ali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The ability of photoredox catalyzed reactions to reroute the conventional transition metal‐catalyzed CH functionalization reactions via alternative radical‐mediated pathways with improved step and atom economies has revolutionized the field of organic synthesis. These transformations proceed with atypical reaction pathway, wherein the photo‐catalyst upon photo‐excitation engages with the organic substrate in single electron transfer (SET) to generate open‐shell species which undergoes regio‐selective addition resulting in the formation of carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bonds. Compared to transition metal catalysis, photoredox catalyzed approaches offer distinct advantages in terms of operational ease, practicability, and providing access to various elusive reaction pathways under mild conditions. The present article gives an account of the recent developments in visible light‐mediated CH functionalization of heteroarenes.
Adaptive fuzzy practical fixed‐time control for uncertain nonlinear systems with actuator constraints
Authors: You Guodong , Xu Bin , Cao Yang , Hou Xiaoxin , Zhao Shuangle 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThis article addresses an adaptive fuzzy practical fixed‐time tracking control for nonlinear systems with unknown actuator constraints and uncertainty functions. First, fuzzy logic systems (FLSs) are used to identify uncertain functions. Then, by utilizing FLSs, backstepping technique, and finite‐time stability theory, an adaptive fuzzy practical fixed‐time control is proposed to obtain satisfactory tracking performance even when the actuator faults. The theoretical analysis verified that the closed‐loop systems is practical fixed‐time stable under the proposed control strategy, the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin in a fixed time, and the convergence time is independent of the state conditions. Finally, both numerical simulation and physical example demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroxycarbonylation of Diisobutene: Systematic Optimization by Central Composite Design
Authors: Dühren Ricarda , Kucmierczyk Peter , Jackstell Ralf , Franke Robert , Beller Matthias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe selection of suitable catalysts and reaction conditions are key elements for efficient process development. In this work, stability studies of homogeneous palladium catalysts used for the hydroxycarbonylation of olefins to aliphatic carboxylic acids are presented. Based on this, the hydroxycarbonylation of diisobutene, which represents an industrially relevant mixture of olefins, was investigated and optimized by means of central composite design with respect to the yield of the target product 3,5,5‐trimethylhexanoic acid. The modeling succeeds with high accuracy and allows to gain information about interactions between different factors in the reaction system. This allows a more accurate prediction of the reaction behavior and permits easier future scale‐up of such processes.
A methodological validation of psychophysical approaches for quantifying the color discrimination capability of white light sources
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Liu Ying , Liang Jinxing , Liu Qiang , Pointer Michael R. , Khanh Tran Quoc 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, three psychophysical approaches that quantify the color discrimination capability of white light sources were systematically compared. A total of 11 light sources, five of 5500 K and six of 3000 K, were tested in two groups using three typical psychophysical methods including the Farnsworth‐Munsell100 Hue Test, real objects observation and color blocks comparison. The experimental results show that the examined approaches led to consistent conclusions on the color discrimination performance of lighting but differences in the robustness, complexity, and comprehensiveness of the methods were observed. Interestingly, sex difference in color discrimination was found to be influenced by visual judgment protocols. Based on this validation, methodological suggestions for future research on the color discrimination of lighting are proposed.
Board gender diversity and corporate green innovation: An industry‐level institutional perspective
Authors: Naveed Khwaja , Khalid Fahad , Voinea Cosmina Lelia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study contributes to the inconclusive literature on the relationship between board gender diversity (BGD) and green innovation (GI). It empirically examines the moderating role of normative, mimetic and coercive pressures in the relationship between BGD and GI, derived from an industry‐specific isomorphic exhibition of institutional theory. Appertaining to A‐share listed firms of China, the findings highlight the moderating effect of masculinity, environmental sensitivity, environmental regulation level and export orientation of an industry on the said relationship. Moreover, the coercive isomorphism exhibits pronounced impact with the intensity of export orientation. However, firms associated with high‐tech industries have not been confirmed for significant effect on the relationship. Thus, the findings imply that the dynamics of the corporate governance and institutional isomorphism in case of BGD and GI relationships, in the organisational field of industry, are likely both pertinent and prevalent. Moreover, the increase in the number of females on the corporate boards could enhance the green performance of a firm, subject to the fulfilment of industry specific boundary conditions, predefined by the unique set of industry specific institutional pressures. These pressures amid affiliation with a specific industry should be evaluated and controlled for, on the bases of coercive, normative, and mimetic isomorphism it hatches, to device an optimum composition of the corporate board.