bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Underweight and Weight Loss With Poor Prognosis and Poor Therapy Effectiveness in Brain Metastases: A Retrospective Study
Authors: He Yan , Zhang Yu , Chong Weelic , Pei Yiyan , Zhang Renjie , Liu Zheran , Yu Jiayi , Peng Xingchen , Fang Fang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe prognostic role of body mass index (BMI) in patients with brain metastases is controversial. We aim to investigate the impact of BMI on prognosis and anti-cancer therapy effectiveness in brain metastases.MethodsPatients diagnosed with brain metastases between Oct 2010 and July 2019 were followed for mortality through April 2021. The prognostic role of BMI on overall survival was assessed by a restricted cubic spline (RCS) using a flexible model to visualize the relationship between the BMI values and hazard ratios of all-cause mortality, followed by a cox regression model. The disparity of survival outcomes in patients receiving anti-cancer therapies or those did not was evaluated according to the classification of BMI.ResultsA total of 2,466 patients were included in the analysis, including 241 in the underweight (BMI &lt; 18.5 kg/m2) group, 1,503 in the normal weight group (BMI 18.5–23.9 kg/m2), and 722 in the overweight (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) group. Relative to the normal weight group, underweight patients were associated with poor prognosis (adjusted HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07–1.46, p = 0.005). However, those in the overweight group showed similar overall survival when compared to the normal-weight group. Patients with weight loss were associated with a higher risk of mortality compared with patients without significant weight loss. In underweight patients, there was an insignificant difference in survival outcomes whether they received anti-cancer therapies or not.ConclusionUnderweight and significant weight loss were associated with poor prognosis in brain metastases. Meanwhile, anti-cancer therapies did not significantly improve overall survival in patients with underweight. These findings suggest that improving nutrition to maintain body weight is critical for patients with brain metastases.
A Novel Prognostic Nomogram for Predicting Survival of Hormone Receptor-Positive and HER2 Negative Advanced Breast Cancer Among the Han-Population
Authors: Zhu Yimin , Wang Jiayu , Xu Binghe 
Published: July 2022

PurposeTo develop a nomogram model to predict overall survival in HR+/HER2- subtype advanced breast cancer.MethodsA total of 3,577 ABC (advanced breast cancer) patients from 21 hospitals in China were involved in this study from January 2012 to December 2014. From all ABC patients, 1,671 HR+/HER2- ABC patients were extracted and enrolled in our study. A nomogram was built based on univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses, identifying independent predictors. The discriminatory and predictive capacities of the nomogram were assessed using the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and calibration plots.ResultsUnivariable and multivariable analysis found that ER (estrogen receptor) status, MFIs (metastatic-free intervals), first-line therapy options, the number of metastatic sites, and whether local therapy for metastatic sites was chosen, were significantly related to overall survival (all P &lt; 0.05). These variables were incorporated into a nomogram to predict the 2- year, 3-year, and 5-year OS (overall survival) of ABC patients. The AUC (the area under the curve) of the nomogram was 0.748 (95% CI (confidence interval):0.693-0.804) for 5-year OS in the training cohort and 0.732 (95% CI: 0.676-0.789) for the validation cohort. The calibration curves revealed good consistency between actual survival and nomogram prediction in the training and validation cohorts. Additionally, the nomogram showed an excellent ability to stratify patients into different risk cohorts.ConclusionWe established a nomogram that provided a more straightforward predictive model for the outcome of HR+/HER2- ABC subtype patients and, to some extent, assisted physicians in making the personalized therapeutic option.
Diagnostic Performance of LI-RADS Version 2018 for Primary Liver Cancer in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis on Enhanced MRI
Authors: Liu Xinai , Ni Xiaoyan , Li Yubo , Yang Chun , Wang Yi , Ma Chunzheng , Zhou Changwu , Lu Xin 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe study evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from primary liver cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis based on the updated 2019 WHO classification.Materials and MethodsFrom 2016 to 2021, 300 patients with surgically confirmed primary liver cancer (PLC) and liver cirrhosis based on the updated 2019 WHO classification were eligible for this retrospective study (100 cases in each of three groups including HCC, ICC, and cHCC-CCA). Two radiologists were blinded to the final diagnosis and independently assigned an LI-RADS category to each liver nodule. The diagnostic performances of the LR-5 category (definitely HCC), and the LR-M category (probably or definitely malignant, but not specific for HCC) were calculated in overall and small observations (&lt;20 mm). Comparisons between groups of categorical variables were performed by one-way analysis of variance and the Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test.ResultsThe mean age of 300 patients (226 men and 74 women) was 57.40 ± 11.05 years. The sensitivity and specificity of the LR-5 category for differentiating HCCs from other primary liver cancers were 81% (81 of 100) and 82% (164 of 200), respectively. The LR-M category had a sensitivity of 63% (126 of 200) for diagnosing non-HCCs (ICCs and cHCC-CCAs), with a specificity of 90% (90 of 100). The LR-5 category had a sensitivity of 82.5% (33 of 40) for diagnosing HCCs in small observations (&lt;20 mm) with a specificity of 76.6% (59 of 77). On the contrary, LR-M demonstrated slightly higher specificity (93.8%) and sensitivity (73.8%) for diagnosing non-HCCs with tumor size &lt;20 mm.ConclusionThe LR-5 category as well as the LR-M category of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) version 2018 can effectively distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma from other primary hepatic malignancies in patients with liver cirrhosis, especially for small observations (&lt;20 mm).
Immediate Modulation of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Sun Jifei , Ma Yue , Du Zhongming , Wang Zhi , Guo Chunlei , Luo Yi , Chen Limei , Gao Deqiang , Li Xiaojiao , Xu Ke , Hong Yang , Xu Fengquan , Yu Xue , Xiao Xue , Fang Jiliang , Hou Xiaobing 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies found that transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) was clinically effective in treating a case of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, the brain neural mechanisms underlying the immediate effects of taVNS treatment for TRD have not been elucidated.Materials and MethodsDifferences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) between TRD and healthy control (HC) groups were observed. The TRD group was treated with taVNS for 30 min, and changes in ALFF in the TRD group before and after immediate treatment were observed. The ALFF brain regions altered by taVNS induction were used as regions of interest to analyze whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) changes in the TRD group.ResultsA total of 44 TRD patients and 44 HCs completed the study and were included in the data analysis. Compared with the HC group, the TRD group had increased ALFF in the left orbital area of the middle frontal gyrus. After taVNS treatment, ALFF in the left orbital area of the middle frontal gyrus and right middle frontal gyrus decreased in the TRD group, while ALFF in the right orbital area of the superior frontal gyrus increased. The FC in the left orbital area of the middle frontal gyrus with left middle frontal gyrus and the right inferior occipital gyrus was significantly increased.ConclusionTranscutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation demonstrates immediate modulation of functional activity in the emotional network, cognitive control network, and visual processing cortex, and may be a potential brain imaging biomarker for the treatment of TRD.
Promoting Research, Awareness, and Discussion on AI in Medicine Using #MedTwitterAI: A Longitudinal Twitter Hashtag Analysis
Authors: Nawaz Faisal A. , Barr Austin A. , Desai Monali Y. , Tsagkaris Christos , Singh Romil , Klager Elisabeth , Eibensteiner Fabian , Parvanov Emil D. , Hribersek Mojca , Kletecka-Pulker Maria , Willschke Harald , Atanasov Atanas G. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to reshape medical practice and the delivery of healthcare. Online discussions surrounding AI's utility in these domains are increasingly emerging, likely due to considerable interest from healthcare practitioners, medical technology developers, and other relevant stakeholders. However, many practitioners and medical students report limited understanding and familiarity with AI.ObjectiveTo promote research, events, and resources at the intersection of AI and medicine for the online medical community, we created a Twitter-based campaign using the hashtag #MedTwitterAI.MethodsIn the present study, we analyze the use of #MedTwitterAI by tracking tweets containing this hashtag posted from 26th March, 2019 to 26th March, 2021, using the Symplur Signals hashtag analytics tool. The full text of all #MedTwitterAI tweets was also extracted and subjected to a natural language processing analysis.ResultsOver this time period, we identified 7,441 tweets containing #MedTwitterAI, posted by 1,519 unique Twitter users which generated 59,455,569 impressions. The most common identifiable locations for users including this hashtag in tweets were the United States (378/1,519), the United Kingdom (80/1,519), Canada (65/1,519), India (46/1,519), Spain (29/1,519), France (24/1,519), Italy (16/1,519), Australia (16/1,519), Germany (16/1,519), and Brazil (15/1,519). Tweets were frequently enhanced with links (80.2%), mentions of other accounts (93.9%), and photos (56.6%). The five most abundant single words were AI (artificial intelligence), patients, medicine, data, and learning. Sentiment analysis revealed an overall majority of positive single word sentiments (e.g., intelligence, improve) with 230 positive and 172 negative sentiments with a total of 658 and 342 mentions of all positive and negative sentiments, respectively. Most frequently mentioned negative sentiments were cancer, risk, and bias. Most common bigrams identified by Markov chain depiction were related to analytical methods (e.g., label-free detection) and medical conditions/biological processes (e.g., rare circulating tumor cells).ConclusionThese results demonstrate the generated considerable interest of using #MedTwitterAI for promoting relevant content and engaging a broad and geographically diverse audience. The use of hashtags in Twitter-based campaigns can be an effective tool to raise awareness of interdisciplinary fields and enable knowledge-sharing on a global scale.
Assessing the Impacts of Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Pandemic Using Generalized Estimating Equations
Authors: Lin Shengnan , Rui Jia , Xie Fang , Zhan Meirong , Chen Qiuping , Zhao Bin , Zhu Yuanzhao , Li Zhuoyang , Deng Bin , Yu Shanshan , Li An , Ke Yanshu , Zeng Wenwen , Su Yanhua , Chiang Yi-Chen , Chen Tianmu 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMeteorological factors have been proven to affect pathogens; both the transmission routes and other intermediate. Many studies have worked on assessing how those meteorological factors would influence the transmissibility of COVID-19. In this study, we used generalized estimating equations to evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by using three outcome variables, which are transmissibility, incidence rate, and the number of reported cases.MethodsIn this study, the data on the daily number of new cases and deaths of COVID-19 in 30 provinces and cities nationwide were obtained from the provincial and municipal health committees, while the data from 682 conventional weather stations in the selected provinces and cities were obtained from the website of the China Meteorological Administration. We built a Susceptible-Exposed-Symptomatic-Asymptomatic-Recovered/Removed (SEIAR) model to fit the data, then we calculated the transmissibility of COVID-19 using an indicator of the effective reproduction number (Reff). To quantify the different impacts of meteorological factors on several outcome variables including transmissibility, incidence rate, and the number of reported cases of COVID-19, we collected panel data and used generalized estimating equations. We also explored whether there is a lag effect and the different times of meteorological factors on the three outcome variables.ResultsPrecipitation and wind speed had a negative effect on transmissibility, incidence rate, and the number of reported cases, while humidity had a positive effect on them. The higher the temperature, the lower the transmissibility. The temperature had a lag effect on the incidence rate, while the remaining five meteorological factors had immediate and lag effects on the incidence rate and the number of reported cases.ConclusionMeteorological factors had similar effects on incidence rate and number of reported cases, but different effects on transmissibility. Temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, sunshine hours, and wind speed had immediate and lag effects on transmissibility, but with different lag times. An increase in temperature may first cause a decrease in virus transmissibility and then lead to a decrease in incidence rate. Also, the mechanism of the role of meteorological factors in the process of transmissibility to incidence rate needs to be further explored.
Slow-Breathing Curriculum for Stress Reduction in High School Students: Lessons Learned From a Feasibility Pilot
Authors: Bentley Tanya G. K. , Seeber Cerena , Hightower Emily , Mackenzie Brian , Wilson Rob , Velazquez Aly , Cheng Anna , Arce Nicholas N. , Lorenz Kent A. 
Published: July 2022

PurposeNearly one in three US adolescents meet the criteria for anxiety, an issue that has worsened with the COVID-19 pandemic. We developed a video-based slow diaphragmatic breathing stress-reduction curriculum for high school students and evaluated its feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness.MethodsThis cluster-randomized feasibility pilot compared 5-min slow diaphragmatic breathing for 5 weeks with treatment-as-usual control among four 12th-grade public high school classes. Students individually participated after school during COVID-19-related hybrid teaching, with slow diaphragmatic breathing three times/week and breath science education once/week. Feasibility was based on completion of breathing exercises, breath science education, and preliminary effectiveness assessments, and ease/tolerability was based on qualitative assessments. Preliminary effectiveness was measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and a timed-exhale carbon dioxide tolerance test (CO2TT) of physiological stress response. Descriptive statistics and repeated analysis of variance were performed to quantify and compare outcomes between time periods. Human subjects research approval was granted through Western IRB–Copernicus Group (WCG IRB) [ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05266833.]ResultsForty-three students consented to participate. Breath practice compliance ranged from 29 to 83% across classes and weeks, and decreased on average over the 5 weeks. Compliance with the breath science videos ranged from 43 to 86%, and that with the weekly STAI-State and CO2TT measures varied from 36 to 86%. Compliance with ease/tolerability assessments ranged from 0 to 60%. Preliminary effectiveness assessments' compliance varied across classes from 83 to 89% during baseline, and 29 to 72% at follow-up. The curriculum was rated as somewhat-to-definitely useful/beneficial, and definitely-to-very easy/tolerable. Students reported enjoying the diaphragmatic breathing, CO2TT, and breath science education; some found the extended exhales challenging and the curriculum and assessments time-consuming. Preliminary effectiveness analyses indicated no significant changes in STAI or CO2TT from baseline to followup or from before to after breathing exercises (p&gt; 0.05 for all).ConclusionsImplementation of this 5-week slow breathing curriculum was feasible and tolerable to this cohort. Compliance, tolerability, and effectiveness may be improved with in-class participation. Future research on simple and accessible slow-breathing exercises is warranted to address today's adolescent stress-management crisis.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05266833
Exploring Definitions of “Addiction” in Adolescents and Young Adults and Correlation with Substance Use Behaviors
Authors: LePine S. Elisha , Klemperer Elias M. , West Julia C. , Peasley-Miklus Catherine , McCluskey Caitlin , Jones Amanda , Roemhildt Maria , Trutor Megan , Williams Rhonda , Villanti Andrea 
Published: July 2022

(1) Background: Young people engage in addictive behaviors, but little is known about how they understand addiction. The present study examined how young people describe addiction in their own words and correlations between their definitions and substance use behaviors. (2) Methods: Young adults (n = 1146) in the PACE Vermont Study responded to an open-ended item “what does “addiction” mean?” in 2019. Responses were coded using three inductive categories and fifteen subcategories. Quantitative analyses examined correlations between addiction theme definitions, demographics, and substance use behaviors. (3) Participants frequently defined addiction by physiological (68%) and psychological changes (65%) and less by behavioral changes (6%), or all three (3%); young adults had higher odds of defining addiction as physiological or behavioral changes than adolescents. Participants who described addiction as “psychological changes” had lower odds of ever electronic vapor product use (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57–1.00) than those using another definition, controlling for age and sex. (4) Perceptions of addiction in our sample aligned with existing validated measures of addiction. Findings discriminated between familiar features of addiction and features that may be overlooked by young adults. Substance users may employ definitions that exclude the symptoms they are most likely to experience.
Employee Communication dalam Meningkatkan Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (Ocb) Tenaga Pendidik
Authors: Irdam  , Rahmadani Sari 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komunikasi pegawai terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) pendidik di MAN 3 Padang dalam penggunaan teknologi pembelajaran online di masa pandemi covid-19. Metode pengumpulan data adalah menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi oleh 75 responden guru di MAN 3 Padang. Penelitian ini menguji instrument dengan menggunakan uji deskriptif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan uji asumsi klasik. Uji validitas memiliki hasil perbandingan atas pertanyaan dari variable organizational citizenship behavior dan employee communication dinyatakan valid pada seluruh butir pertanyaan. Selanjutnya, uji reabilitas menghasilkan bahwa cronbanch’s alpha untuk semua variable adalah diatas 0,6. Untuk itu seluruh variable diatas dinyatakan handal. Hasil uji asumsi klasik ditemukan bahwa data terdistribusi normal dengan nilai asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,810< 0,05. Data juga ditemukan nilai tolerance > 0,10 dan hasil perhitungan nilai VIF < 10. Ini berarti tidak terjadi gejala multikolinieritas antar variable independen. Alasan tidak terjadi heteroskedastisitas pada model regresi ini disebabkan oleh tidak ada pola yang jelas serta titik-titik menyebar diatas dan dibawah angka 0 pada sumbu Y. Sehingga, dapat dikatakan uji heteroskedastisitas terpenuhi. Selanjutnya, untuk menguji pengaruh dalam penelitian ini digunakan uji regresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara komunikasi pegawai terhadap perilaku kewargaan organisasi (OCB) di MAN 3 Padang. Dimana t-hitung yang diperoleh lebih besar dari t-tabel (7,939 > 1,66488) dengan taraf signifikan lebih tinggi dari alpha (0,000 < 0,05). Hal ini membuktikan bahwa komunikasi antara satu sama lain dapat mempengaruhi perilaku kewargaan organisasi (OCB) dan dampaknya terhadap pencapaian tujuan organisasi.
Speech Therapy to Overcome Language Disorders in Autistic Children
Authors: Yanti Yunita Novita , Jannah Septya Sabilatil , Nadia Soviana , Wahdaniyah Inayatul , Mutmimah Mutmimah 
Published: July 2022

Some children with autism spectrum symptoms have impaired language skills, resulting in impaired communication skills. They tend to be challenging to develop according to their age, like other children, due to their limitations. But that doesn't mean there isn't anything we can't do. Continuous stimulation through speech and language skills therapy is one of the essential things they need to take so that they can reduce the disorders experienced by these children. This study focuses on describing the stimulation of language development in children with symptoms of autism disorders and knowing what activities can stimulate language skills in children with autism disorders. The approach used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach. Data mining techniques included interviews and observations at a school for children with special needs. The results of this study indicate that the stimulation of language skills in children with autism disorders can be done with speech therapy to help them develop language skills.

Abstrak
Beberapa anak dengan gejala spektrum autisme mengalami gangguan kemampuan berbahasa yang mengakibatkan kemampuan komunikasinya terganggu. Ia cenderung sulit berkembang sesuai usianya seperti anak-anak lainnya disebabkan oleh keterbatasannya tersebut. Namun bukan berarti tidak ada hal yang bisa diupayakan. Stimulasi yang berkesinambungan melalui terapi kemampuan berbicara dan berbahasa merupakan salah satu hal penting yang perlu ditempuh agar gangguan yang dialami oleh anak-anak tersebut dapat berkurang. Tujuan penelitian ini berfokus untuk mendeskripsikan tentang stimulasi perkembangan bahasa pada anak dengan gejala gangguan autisme dan mengetahui kegiatan apa saja yang mampu menstimulasi kemampuan berbahasa pada anak dengan gangguan autisme. Pendekatan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik penggalian data yang dilakukan antara lain wawancara dan observasi pada sebuah sekolah anak berkebutuhan khusus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stimulasi kemampuan berbahasa pada anak dengan gangguan autisme dapat dilakukan dengan terapi wicara untuk membantu mereka dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berbahasa.