bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with dry eye: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Juan , Wei Qingbo , Li Ting , Xie Zhouyu , Xu Xin , Bian Xiangyu , Wu Yunchuan 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe global incidence of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with dry eye is increasing annually, which imposes additional healthcare costs and financial burden on families and societies. In clinical practice, artificial tears are often used for symptomatic treatment, but these can only relieve the symptoms of discomfort. Acupuncture is a widely used alternative therapy. Indeed, randomised trials have found that acupuncture confers a definite therapeutic effect on patients with T2DM with dry eye. However, systematic reviews on the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture are lacking, therefore this systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for T2DM with dry eye.Methods and analysisFour English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Ovid), three Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chonqing VIP Information), three Japanese databases (Japan Science, Technology Agency and Japan Medical Abstracts Society) and three Korean databases (Korean Medical database, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System and Research Information Service System) will be searched for reports published between 1 January 2007 and 1 October 2021. Only randomised controlled trials will be included, and language or publication dates will not be restricted. Two researchers will independently extract, manage and analyse data. The primary outcomes will include Schirmer’s I test, breakup time, corneal fluorescein staining and ocular surface disease index scores. Secondary results will include visual analogue scale scores for ocular symptoms and any adverse events related to acupuncture. We will use Review Manager V.5.4 for the meta-analysis. The risk of bias will be independently assessed using Cochrane’s ‘risk of bias’ tool.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required since raw data will not be collected or generated. Our findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021271891.
Positive end-expiratory pressure and risk of postoperative pulmonary complications in patients living at high altitudes and undergoing surgery at low altitudes: a single-centre, retrospective observational study in China
Authors: Shang Kaixi , Xia Zongjing , Ye Xiaoli , Li Zhuoning , Gong Chongcong 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo examine whether a high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP ≥5 cmH2O) has a protective effect on the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in a cohort of patients living at high altitudes and undergoing general anaesthesia.DesignRetrospective, observational study.SettingA tertiary hospital in China.ParticipantsAdult Tibetan patients living at high altitudes (≥3000 m) and who went to the low-altitude plain to undergo non-cardiothoracic surgery under general anaesthesia, from January 2018 to April 2020.MeasurementsThis study included 1905 patients who were divided according to the application of an intraoperative PEEP: low PEEP (<5 cmH2O, including 0 cmH2O) or high PEEP (≥5 cmH2O). The primary outcome was a composite of PPCs within the first 7 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes included reintubation and unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admission within the first 7 postoperative days and total hospital stays (day).ResultsThe study included 1032 patients in the low PEEP group and 873 in the high PEEP group. There were no differences in the incidence of PPCs between the high and low PEEP groups (relative risk (RR) 0.913; 95% CI 0.716 to 1.165; p=0.465). After propensity score matching, 643 patients remained in each group, and the incidence of PPCs in the low PEEP group (18.0%) was higher than in the high PEEP group (13.7%; RR 0.720; 95% CI 0.533 to 0.974; p=0.033). There were no differences in the incidence of reintubation, unplanned ICU admission or hospital stays. The risk factors of PPCs derived from multiple regression showed that the application of >5 cmH2O PEEP during intraoperative mechanical ventilation was associated with a significantly lower risk of PPCs in patients from a high altitude (OR=0.725, 95% CI 0.530 to 0.992; p=0.044).ConclusionsThe application of PEEP ≥5 cmH2O during intraoperative mechanical ventilation in patients living at high altitudes and undergoing surgery at low altitudes may be associated with a lower risk of PPCs. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to further investigate perioperative lung protection ventilation strategies for patients from high altitudes.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100044260).
On the road to universal coverage of postnatal care: considerations for a targeted postnatal care approach for at-risk mother–baby dyads in low-income and middle-income countries informed by a consultation with global experts
Authors: Muriuki Angela , Yahner Melanie , Kiragu Michael , de Graft-Johnson Joseph , Izulla Preston 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionThe potential of timely, quality postnatal care (PNC) to reduce maternal and newborn mortality and to advance progress toward universal health coverage (UHC) is well-documented. Yet, in many low-income and middle-income countries, coverage of PNC remains low. Risk-stratified approaches can maximise limited resources by targeting mother–baby dyads meeting the evidence-based risk criteria which predict poor postnatal outcomes.ObjectivesTo review evidence-based risk criteria for identification of at-risk mother–baby dyads, drawn from a literature review, and to identify key considerations for their use in a risk-stratified PNC approach.Design/setting/participantsA virtual, semi-structured group discussion was conducted with maternal and newborn health experts on Zoom. Participants were identified through purposive sampling based on content and context expertise.ResultsSeventeen experts, (5 men and 12 women), drawn from policymakers, implementing agencies and academia participated and surfaced several key themes. The identified risk factors are well-known, necessitating accelerated efforts to address underlying drivers of risk. Risk-stratified PNC approaches complement broader UHC efforts by providing an equity lens to identify the most vulnerable mother–baby dyads. However, these should be layered on efforts to strengthen PNC service provision for all mothers and newborns. Risk factors should comprise context-relevant, operationalisable, clinical and non-clinical factors. Even with rising coverage of facility delivery, targeted postnatal home visits still complement facility-based PNC.ConclusionRisk-stratified PNC efforts must be considered within broader health systems strengthening efforts. Implementation research at the country level is needed to understand feasibility and practicality of clinical and non-clinical risk factors and identify unintended consequences.
Value of robotic surgery simulation for training surgical residents and attendings: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Howard Kathryn K , Makki Hussein , Novotny Nathan M , Mi Misa , Nguyen Ngan 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionRobotic surgery is a method of minimally invasive surgery performed through small incisions using a remote robotic console. Surgical residents and attendings participate in simulation training to be able to effectively perform robotic surgery using wet labs, dry labs and virtual reality platforms. Our objective is to identify the effectiveness of robotic simulation on novice robotic surgeons. This review will answer our review question: To what extent are robotic simulations for training novice robotic general surgery residents and attendings associated with improved outcomes in comparison with no simulation training?Methods and analysisA comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science was performed. The studies were then determined to meet initial screening criteria by one individual for abstract and title with full text screening performed by two authors independently and in duplicate. Narrative themes will be collected, analysed and summarised where possible.Ethics and disseminationThere is no Institutional Review Board approval required given that the work is carried out on previously published papers. The final manuscript and results will be presented and published at an academic conference and peer -reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021274090.
High training volume is associated with increased prevalence of non-allergic asthma in competitive cross-country skiers
Authors: Mäki-Heikkilä Rikhard , Karjalainen Jussi , Parkkari Jari , Huhtala Heini , Valtonen Maarit , Lehtimäki Lauri 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCross-country skiers have a high prevalence of asthma, but its phenotypes and association with success in competitions are not known.ObjectiveTo investigate, by means of a postal survey, the relative proportions of allergic and non-allergic asthma in competitive cross-country skiers compared with the general population, to study how performance level and training volume are related to asthma and its type and to assess the possible risk factors for allergic and non-allergic asthma in competitive skiers.MethodsAll Finnish cross-country skiers enrolled in the largest national competitions in winter 2019 (n=1282), and a random sample (n=1754) of the general population of the same age were sent a postal questionnaire. The response rate was 27.4% (n=351) for skiers and 19.5% (n=338) for the controls. International Ski Federation (FIS) ranking points measured the level of success in skiers. Asthma was defined as self-reported, physician-diagnosed asthma. Asthma was considered allergic if associated with doctor-diagnosed allergy, and exposure to allergens provoked asthma symptoms.ResultsThe prevalence of asthma was higher in skiers than in the controls (25.9% vs 9.2%, p<0.001), and it was the highest (56.1%) in the most successful quartile of skiers. Asthma was more often non-allergic in skiers than in the controls (60.1% vs 38.7%, p=0.036). Being a skier came with a higher risk for non-allergic (OR 5.05, 95% CI 2.65 to 9.61) than allergic asthma (OR 1.92, 1.08–3.42). Using multivariable regression analysis, training volume was associated with non-allergic asthma, while age, family history of asthma and allergic rhinitis were associated with allergic asthma.ConclusionThe prevalence of asthma is the highest in the most successful cross-country skiers. The asthma in skiers is mostly non-allergic compared with the general population of the same age. The most important risk factor for non-allergic asthma in skiers is high training volume.
Impact of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid on pregnancy outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a multicentre study
Authors: Tani Chiara , Zucchi Dina , Haase Isabell , Gerosa Maria , Larosa Maddalena , Cavagna Lorenzo , Bortoluzzi Alessandra , Crisafulli Francesca , Mucke Johanna , Strigini Francesca A L , Baglietto Laura , Fornili Marco , Monacci Francesca , Elefante Elena , Erra Roberta , Bellis Elisa , Padovan Melissa , Andreoli Laura , Coletto Lavinia Agra , Zanframundo Giovanni , Govoni Marcello , Iaccarino Luca , Tincani Angela , Doria Andrea , Fischer-Betz Rebecca , Mosca Marta 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveIt is still a matter of debate whether low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (LDASA) should be prescribed to all patients with SLE during pregnancy. This study aimed at investigating the impact of LDASA on pregnancy outcomes in patients with SLE without history of renal involvement and without antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL).MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of prospectively monitored pregnancies at seven rheumatology centres. Previous/current renal involvement and aPL positivity were the exclusion criteria. Adverse pregnancy outcome (APO) is the composite outcome of the study and included proteinuric pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery <37 weeks, small-for-gestational age infant, low birth weight <2500 g, intrauterine growth restriction and intrauterine fetal death after 12 weeks of gestation of a morphologically normal fetus.Results216 pregnancies in 187 patients were included; 82 pregnancies (38.0%) were exposed to LDASA treatment. No differences in terms of age at conception, disease duration, clinical manifestations, comorbidities and disease flare during pregnancy were observed between patients taking LDASA and those who did not take LDASA during pregnancy. APO was observed in 65 cases (30.1%), including 13 cases (6.1%) of pre-eclampsia. The incidence of all complications was similar in the two groups. However, it is interesting to note that pre-eclampsia had lower frequency in patients taking LDASA versus those not taking LDASA (2.4% vs 8.3%, p=0.14).ConclusionsIn pregnant patients with SLE without renal involvement and were aPL-negative, there is a low risk of severe obstetric complications, such as early pre-eclampsia. LDASA treatment does not provide a statistically significant advantage over these complications. However, a careful individual risk–benefit balance is warranted.
High prevalence of chondrocalcinosis and frequent comorbidity with calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease in patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Krekeler Martin , Baraliakos Xenofon , Tsiami Styliani , Braun Juergen 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundThe crystal-induced calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) clinically appearing as pseudogout differs from the mere radiographic finding of chondrocalcinosis (CC) but may cause symptoms resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA).ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of CPPD and CC in rheumatic diseases focusing on differences between seropositive and seronegative RA.Patients and methodsIn a retrospective study design, we analysed records and radiographs of consecutive new patients presenting to our centre between January 2017 and May 2020. 503 patients were identified based on expert diagnoses: 181 with CPPD, 262 with RA, 142 seropositive (54.2%) and 120 seronegative RA, gout (n=30) and polymyalgia rheumatica (n=30), mean symptom duration <1 year in almost all patients.ResultsThe majority of patients had only one rheumatological diagnosis (86.9%). Most patients with CPPD (92.6%) had radiographic CC, primarily in the wrists. The prevalence of CC was higher in seronegative (32.3%) than in seropositive RA (16.6%), respectively (p<0.001). Patients with CPPD were older (p<0.001) and had acute attacks more frequently than patients with RA (p<0.001), who had symmetric arthritis more often (p=0.007). The distribution pattern of osteoarthritic changes in radiographs of hands and wrists differs between patients with RA and CPPD. CC was present in more than one joint in 73.3% of patients with CPPD, 9.6% with seropositive and 18.7% with seronegative RA.DiscussionCPPD and CC were more frequent in seronegative versus seropositive RA. Symmetry of arthritis and acuteness of attacks differentiated best between CPPD and RA but localisation of joint involvement did not. Co-occurrence of both diseases was frequently observed.
Cross-border subsurface geology in the Atlantic Margin and the Barents Sea: an introduction
Authors: Chiarella Domenico , Archer Stuart Gordon , Howell John A. , Jackson Christopher A.-L. , Kombrink Henk , Patruno Stefano 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Over the last 50 years, the North Sea and the Atlantic Margin and, more recently the Barents Sea, represented key study areas for academic and professionals interested in the exploration for and production of hydrocarbon from the Earth's subsurface. Nowadays, these areas may play a major role in the so-called ‘energy transition’, with the energy industry now seeking to reduce emissions related to hydrocarbon consumption, and leading the development of carbon capture and storage activities, such as the
Northern Light project
(
https://northernlightsccs.com
). Consequently, there is an increasing interest in advancing our knowledge regarding the stratigraphy, sedimentology and tectonic development of the North Sea, Atlantic Margin and Barents Sea with a cross-border approach.
Antitumor Effect of Pseudolaric Acid B Involving Regulation of Notch1/Akt Signaling Response in Human Hepatoma Cell In Vitro
Authors: Gao Haijun , Zhang Yan , Mo Xiaojin , Huo Lele , Luo Yanping , Zhang Ting , Ma Xingming , Hu Wei , Jing Tao 
Published: June 2022

Background. Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Sorafenib is a crucial drug for the treatment of advanced HCC, but it is difficult to meet the challenge of increasing clinical demands due to its severe side effects and drug resistance. Hence, development of novel antitumor drugs is urged. Previous studies showed that pseudolaric acid B (PAB) could reduce the expression of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), a downstream effector of Notch signaling, facilitating cell apoptosis in HCC. The disruption of Notch signaling was verified to exacerbate malignant progression and drug resistance, however, the antitumor effect of PAB on Notch signaling in HCC remains unclear. Thus, this study aims to investigate the anti-HCC effect of PAB in association with the regulation of Notch1/Akt signaling. Methods. CCK-8 assay and transwell assay were used to examine the cell proliferation and invasion in Huh7 cells after treatment with PAB and a Notch inhibitor DAPT. Moreover, the cell cycle of Huh7 cells after treatment with PAB was analyzed using flow cytometry. Finally, the changes of Notch1, Jagged1, Hes1, and Akt expression at the protein and mRNA level in Notch1/Akt signaling in Huh7 cells after treatment with PAB and DAPT were analyzed using immunofluorescence assay and real-time qPCR. Results. The proliferation rate of Huh7 cells exposed to PAB of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 20, 40, 80, 100, and 200 μmol/L revealed a time-and dose-dependent decrease in vitro, showing cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase

P
<
0.05

. Furthermore, compared with the untreated group, at the concentration of 40 μmol/L, the proliferation rate and invasion rate of Huh7 cells in PAB, DAPT, and PAB-DAPT combination (PAB + DAPT) group were significantly decreased

P
<
0.05

, but the PAB + DAPT showed no synergistic antiproliferation and anti-invasion effect in comparison with PAB treatment alone

P
>
0.05

. In addition, compared with the untreated group, PAB and DAPT alone significantly downregulated the expression of Notch1, Jagged1, Hes1, Akt mRNA, or/and protein in Huh7 cells

P
<
0.05

, but there was no significant difference in synergistic downregulated effect between the PAB + DAPT group and the PAB group

P
>
0.05

. Conclusion. PAB can suppress proliferation and invasion of HCC cells through downregulating the expression of Notch1/Akt signaling protein and mRNA, and may be a potential novel antitumor drug candidate for the clinical treatment of HCC in the future.
Reference-Adjusted Loss in Life Expectancy for Population-Based Cancer Patient Survival Comparisons—with an Application to Colon Cancer in Sweden
Authors: Andersson Therese M.-L. , Rutherford Mark J. , Møller Bjørn , Lambert Paul C. , Myklebust Tor Åge 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
The loss in life expectancy, LLE, is defined as the difference in life expectancy between patients with cancer and that of the general population. It is a useful measure for summarizing the impact of a cancer diagnosis on an individual's life expectancy. However, it is less useful for making comparisons of cancer survival across groups or over time, because the LLE is influenced by both mortality due to cancer and other causes and the life expectancy in the general population.

Methods:
We present an approach for making LLE estimates comparable across groups and over time by using reference expected mortality rates with flexible parametric relative survival models. The approach is illustrated by estimating temporal trends in LLE of patients with colon cancer in Sweden.

Results:
The life expectancy of Swedish patients with colon cancer has improved, but the LLE has not decreased to the same extent because the life expectancy in the general population has also increased. When using a fixed population and other-cause mortality, that is, a reference-adjusted approach, the LLE decreases over time. For example, using 2010 mortality rates as the reference, the LLE for females diagnosed at age 65 decreased from 11.3 if diagnosed in 1976 to 7.2 if diagnosed in 2010, and from 3.9 to 1.9 years for women 85 years old at diagnosis.

Conclusions:
The reference-adjusted LLE is useful for making comparisons across calendar time, or groups, because differences in other-cause mortality are removed.

Impact:
The reference-adjusted approach enhances the use of LLE as a comparative measure.
Evaluation of a Population‐Wide Mobile Health Physical Activity Program in 696 907 Adults in Singapore
Authors: Yao Jiali , Lim Nicole , Tan Jeremy , Matthias Müller Andre , Martinus van Dam Rob , Chen Cynthia , Tan Chuen Seng , Müller‐Riemenschneider Falk 
Published: June 2022

Background
Evidence of scaled‐up physical activity interventions is scarce. This study evaluates the uptake, engagement, and effectiveness of one such intervention program.

Methods and Results
The program was open to individuals aged ≥17 years in Singapore. The main intervention components comprised device‐based daily physical activity recording paired with step count goals and financial rewards. According to the different reward opportunities, we divided the evaluation period (August 2017 to June 2018) into the baseline monitoring phase, the main challenge phase, and the maintenance phase. Uptake was assessed by the number of individuals registered, and engagement by the step recording duration after registration. The effectiveness was defined as changes in mean daily step count from baseline to the main challenge phase and the maintenance phase. A total of 696 907 participants registered, including more Singapore citizens (versus noncitizens), women, and younger (aged 17–39 years) individuals. The evaluation of engagement and effectiveness included 421 388 (60.5%) participants who provided plausible characteristic information and step count data. The median duration of engagement was 74 (IQR, 14–149) days. Compared with the baseline of 7509 (SD, 3467) steps, mean daily step count increased by 1579 (95% CI, 1564–1594) steps during the main challenge phase and 934 (95% CI, 916–952) steps during the maintenance phase. Greater engagement and activity increase were found in participants who are citizens, women, aged ≥40 years, non‐obese, and using separate wearables (versus smartphones).

Conclusions
Mobile health physical activity interventions can successfully reach a large population and be effective in increasing physical activity, despite declining program engagement over time.