bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with left ventricular thrombus in East China
Authors: Li Cheng , Lau Wenjie , Qian Ningjing , Song Liuguang , Jin Chunna , Zhou Dao , Yu Yi , Pan Xiaohong , Zhou Quan 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundLeft ventricular thrombus (LVT) is a serious complication in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. However, there is still a paucity of data on treatments and prognosis of patients with LVT. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with LVT and to determine the impact of LVT on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and all-cause mortality.MethodsFrom January 2010 to January 2020, 237 patients diagnosed with LVT at The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine in East China were retrospectively included. Clinical characteristics, treatments, MACEs, and bleeding events [thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) I and II] were collected. MACE is determined as the composite of all-cause mortality, ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction (MI), and acute peripheral artery emboli.ResultsThe all-cause mortality rate was 28.3% (89.6% due to cardiovascular death), ischemic stroke 8.4%, MI 3%, peripheral artery emboli 1.7%, and bleeding events (TIMI I and II) 7.6% were found during a median follow-up of 736 days. Total LVT regression occurred in 152 patients (64.1%). Atrial fibrillation [hazard ratio (HR), 3.049; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.264–7.355; p = 0.013], moderate and severe renal function injuries (HR, 2.097; 95% CI, 1.027–4.281; p = 0.042), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 50% (HR, 2.243; 95% CI 1.090–4.615; p = 0.028) were independent risk factors for MACE, whereas the use of β-blocker (HR, 0.397; 95% CI 0.210–0.753; p = 0.005) was its protective factor. Age (HR, 1.021; 95% CI 1.002–1.040; p = 0.031), previous caronary artery bypass grafting (CABG; HR, 4.634; 95% CI 2.042–10.517; p &lt; 0.001), LVEF ≤ 50% (HR, 3.714; 95% CI 1.664–8.290; p = 0.001), and large thrombus area (HR, 1.071; 95% CI 1.019–1.126; p = 0.007) were independent risk factors for increasing all-cause mortality, whereas the use of β-blocker (HR, 0.410; 95% CI 0.237–0.708; p = 0.001) was protective factor.ConclusionThis study showed that atrial fibrillation, moderate and severe renal dysfunction, and LVEF ≤ 50% were independent risk factors for MACE; age, previous CABG, LVEF ≤ 50%, and large thrombus area were independent risk factors for all-cause mortality. It was found that the use of β-blockers could improve the prognosis of patient with LVT for the first time. It is recommended that clinicians could be more active in applying patient with LVT with anticoagulants.
Coronary heart disease and gut microbiota: A bibliometric and visual analysis from 2002 to 2022
Authors: Long Dan , Mao Chenhan , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Yaxuan , Shangguan Xueli , Zou Menglong , Zhu Ying , Wang Xindong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundExisting studies have indicated that gut microbiota is closely related to the occurrence and development of coronary heart disease(CHD). Gut microbiota and its metabolites may be important diagnostic markers for CHD in the future and are expected to become new targets for the prevention and treatment of CHD. However, the current studies exploring the link between CHD and gut microbiota are miscellaneous and poorly targeted, without bibliometric analysis available.ObjectiveThe purpose of this research was to perform a bibliometric and visual analysis of published papers on the relationship between CHD and gut microbiota. The study also sought to identify principal authors, institutions, and countries to analyze the research status and trends of gut microbiota research in the field of CHD.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched for publications on CHD and gut microbiota between 2002 and 2022. CiteSpace 5.8. R1, VOSviewer 1.6.16, and Microsoft Excel 2019 software tools were utilized to perform this bibliometric analysis and visualization.ResultsThere were 457 qualified publications found in total, with the annual number of publications increasing. The United States dominated in this field. Hazen, Stanley l was the author of the most papers. Cleveland Clinic published the most papers of any institution. The six main clusters’ specific characteristics were discovered through analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords: inflammation, diet, trimethylamine n-oxide, metabolism, cardiovascular disease, and myocardial infarction. Newly emerging research has focused predominantly on gut microbiota metabolites and recent strategies for intervention in coronary atherosclerosis.ConclusionThese results provided a useful perspective on current research and future prospects for the research on the link between CHD and gut microbiota, which may help researchers to select suitable collaborators and facilitate their research to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of CHD, including the causes, prevention, and treatment.
Prognostic value of plasma adipokine chemerin in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Wang Bo , Kou Wenxin , Ji Shuya , Shen Rongrong , Ji Hongwei , Zhuang Jianhui , Zhao Yifan , Li Bo , Peng Wenhui , Yu Xuejing , Li Hailing , Xu Yawei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAdipokine chemerin was proven to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but its prognostic implications in CAD remain unclear.MethodsThis study consists of two parts, one is a basic study and the other is a clinical cohort study. First, we investigated the differential expression of six adipokines in the atherosclerotic mice model compared to mice with milder degrees of atherosclerosis and mice without atherosclerosis using microarray data. We then examined the potential of chemerin as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in a CAD cohort. A total of 152 patients were enrolled in our study, including 77 patients with angiographically proven CAD and 75 control subjects without cardiovascular disease. Plasma adipokine chemerin levels were measured in all patients, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were followed up, including ischemic stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, and cardiovascular death.ResultsIn the aortas of atherosclerotic mice, chemerin expression was up-regulated compared to control mice. The plasma chemerin levels of CAD patients were higher than those of non-CAD patients (128.93 ± 37.06 vs. 109.85 ± 27.47 mmol/L, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). High chemerin levels were an independent predictor of CAD (β = 2.702, 95% CI, 1.344–5.431, P = 0.001). We followed up with patients for a median duration of 5.5 years (3.9–5.6). The Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients in the high chemerin group had a significantly higher risk of MACEs than the low chemerin group in patients with CAD (log-rank P = 0.003), not with non-CAD (Log-rank P = 0.120). Furthermore, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that high chemerin levels were an independent predictor of MACEs (HR 2.267; 95% CI, 1.139–4.515; P = 0.020). Finally, the cellular study showed that chemerin is predominantly expressed in PBMC-derived macrophages.ConclusionPlasma chemerin levels were increased in the CAD patients, and a high chemerin level increased the risk of MACEs in CAD patients.
Slope deformation monitoring and early identification of disasters in debris flow source area of Baini River, Dongchuan District, China
Authors: Zhang Xiaolun , Gan Shu , Yuan Xiping , Zong Huilin , Wu Xuequn 
Published: September 2022

Dongchuan District is one of the most densely distributed regions of geological disasters in the world. Geological disasters such as debris flows and landslides are serious threats to the lives and property safety of local people. Slope deformation monitoring and early identification of geological disasters in debris flow source areas are of great significance for disaster prevention and reduction. In this study, the time-series Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) technique was used to detect the deformation in the source area of the Baini river debris flow. The deformation rate in the middle part of the three-sided mountain is the largest, the average deformation rate is about 30 mm/year. The deformation rate of the lower and upper part of the mountain is slightly lower, but the deformation is creeping constantly, and obvious tensile cracks faced the river valley in the upper. The production and living areas of residents in 8 villages around the debris flow source area are constantly deformed, and there are different degrees of landslide risk. This study provides a scientific basis and reference for early identification, deformation analysis, disaster prevention and mitigation of geological disasters in the Xiaojiang Basin.
Strontium isotope and element constraints on the paleoenvironment of the latest Ediacaran in the Sichuan Basin, southeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Zhou Gang , Zhang Pengyuan , He Yuan , Wei Zhifu , Wang Gen , Zhang Ting , He Wei , Ma He , Zhu Chenxi , Wei Jingyi , Ma Xueyun , Yu Xiaoli , Li Shangkun , Li Lun , Wang Yongli 
Published: September 2022

The Ediacaran–Cambrian period witnessed episodic extinctions, oxygenation of seawaters, Cambrian explosions, and tectonic events. However, compared with the various high-resolution geochemical records of the early–middle Ediacaran and Cambrian, the available geochemical record of the latest Ediacaran (551–542 Ma) is scarce (especially the strontium isotope and elements), which leads to the ambiguous interpretation of the paleoenvironment of the latest Ediacaran. Therefore, we conducted measurements of strontium isotopes and elemental content of a continuous series of carbonate samples from the Dengying Formation of Well PT1, located in the Sichuan Basin, southeastern Tibetan Plateau, in order to constrain the paleoenvironment of the latest Ediacaran. Strict sample screening was used to ensure that the isotopes and elements were not affected by diagenesis. Our analyses show that the environment and geochemical records of the seawater were controlled by tectonic activities, especially the Gondwana assembly. The global strontium isotope correlation indicates that the Sichuan Basin was a restricted basin (high 87Sr/86Sr values, ∼0.7090), which can be attributed to the existence of a submarine high. Under the background of oxic environment, there were two episodes of anoxic expansion. During the initial stage, the stable terrigenous detrital input and oxic environment provided the prerequisite for the emergence of aerobic organisms in the restricted platform. Then, the decreasing sea level and intense tectonic activities improved the terrigenous detrital input with higher 87Sr/86Sr values (∼0.7095), which stimulated the emergence of aerobic organisms, further resulting in the first episode of anoxic environment. Lastly, a global transgressive resulted in a high sea level, and thus, the Sichuan Basin changed to an open platform. The exchange with extensive oceans led to the increased paleoproductivity, which consumed oxygen and nutrients, further resulting in the second episode of anoxic environment. Thus, the restriction degree, eustatic variations, and the terrigenous detrital input affected the biological evolution and redox conditions.
Magmatic to hydrothermal conditions in the transition from the A-type Pikes Peak granite (Colorado) to its related pegmatite
Authors: Fonseca Teixeira Ludmila Maria , Troch Juliana , Allaz Julien , Bachmann Olivier 
Published: September 2022

Fluid exsolution in magmas is a process that, in many silicic upper crustal reservoirs, starts at relatively low crystallinities (near liquidus), and precedes the precipitation of many ore bodies, including pegmatites. As any magmatic system approaches its solidus, the amount of the exsolved fluid phase increases and becomes progressively dominant over melt, allowing local over pressurization and the generation of pegmatitic pods/dykes. Such pegmatitic bodies show several features that point to both magmatic and hydrothermal environments, linking those realms and providing a unique opportunity to document and understand the magmatic-hydrothermal transition within silicic magmatic systems. We studied the 1.1 Ga classic A-type Pikes Peak granite (Colorado, United States) and one of its many internally-hosted pegmatites, the Wellington Lake pegmatite, to investigate the changes that occur within a granitic system as it crosses its theoretical water-saturated solidus and continues crystallizing beyond it. Textural and geochemical analyses of quartz, plagioclase, and K-feldspar minerals, as well as fluid inclusion studies, demonstrate this magmatic to hydrothermal transition in the granite and the pegmatite. Different thermometers (Ti-in-quartz, 2-feldspars, fluid inclusions) document the temperature evolution of the granitic system, from &gt;850°C for the hottest magmatic minerals to &lt;400°C for the pegmatite core. The magmatic-hydrothermal transition is recorded by plagioclase and quartz rims that yield temperatures well below the traditionally inferred haplogranite solidus. In the pegmatite, the magmatic-hydrothermal transition is observed between the graphic granite wall zone, which shows homogeneous quartz geochemical signatures at near-solidus conditions (700–670°C), and the intermediate zone, which crystallized at much colder temperatures (470–420°C). Although a significant process, our calculations suggest that subsolidus precipitation from exsolved, solute-rich magmatic fluids represent less than 20% of the total volume of the granite.
Spatial Spillover Effects Promote the Overall Improvement of Urban Competitiveness: Evidence of SDM in Asian Cities
Authors: Liu Cheyuan , Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Gong Weijin 
Published: September 2022

The competitiveness of a city is in the process of competitive development. This study uses the Spatial Dubin Model (SDM) technique to explore the influencing factors and spatial spillover effects of the economic competitiveness of 565 cities in Asia. The study finds that the factor spillover bandwidth affecting the improvement of urban competitiveness is primarily concentrated in the range of 1,000 km. Furthermore, with a maximum elasticity value of roughly 11.6%, a city’s spatial spillover effect is a crucial factor in selecting strategies for enhancing its competitiveness level. Financial services, industrial structure, and human resources all have an influence on the level of urban competitiveness. Therefore, in order to better improve the level of regional urban competitiveness, one is to improve the overall level of factors affecting urban competitiveness and enhance the competitiveness of the city itself; the other is to enhance the flow of factors between regions and make full use of the space of factors Spillover effects enhance the level of regional competitiveness; the third is to enhance the spatial interaction between regions and use the externality of urban competitiveness to achieve an overall improvement in the level of regional competitiveness.
Are neurodegenerative diseases associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease? A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Cui Guanghui , Li Shaojie , Ye Hui , Yang Yao , Huang Qiuyue , Chu Yingming , Shi Zongming , Zhang Xuezhi 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease [PD] and Alzheimer’s disease [AD]) are associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the causality and direction of their associations remain unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have explored the causal effects of IBD on PD and AD. However, only a few studies examined this reverse association. Thus, this study aimed to explore whether there are causal associations of genetically predicted PD and AD with IBD, using a two-sample MR study.MethodsSummary statistics for IBD, ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn’s disease (CD) were derived from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis, which included the International IBD Genetics Consortium and the UK IBD Genetics Consortium (n=59,957). Genetic variants associated with the largest meta-analysis of GWAS of PD (n=1,474,097) and AD (n=455,258) were used as instrumental variables. We used multiple methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), MR-Egger regression, weighted mode, and Robust Adjusted Profile Score (RAPS) methods, to estimate the effects of genetically predicted PD and AD on IBD. To confirm the validity of the analysis, we also evaluated the pleiotropic effects, heterogeneity, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis that drive causal associations.ResultsThe results of the IVW method, WM, and RAPS showed that genetically predicted PD was significantly associated with an increased risk of UC (odds ratio [OR]IVW=1.068, ORWM=1.107, ORRAPS=1.069, all P&lt;0.05). Additionally, we found that there were significant associations of genetically predicted PD with CD (ORIVW=1.064, ORRAPS=1.065, all P&lt;0.05) and IBD (ORIVW=1.062, ORRAPS=1.063, all P&lt;0.05) using the IVW method and RAPS. However, there was no significant causal evidence of genetically predicted AD in IBD, UC, or CD among all MR methods. In all MR analyses, there were no horizontal pleiotropy (all P&gt;0.05), or statistical heterogeneity. The sensitivity analysis results of the leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed that the causal effect estimations of genetically predicted PD and AD on IBD were robust.ConclusionsOur MR study corroborated a causal association between genetically predicted PD and IBD but did not support a causal effect of genetically predicted AD on IBD. More animal experiments or population-based observational studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms of PD and IBD.
Characteristics of the immune microenvironment and their clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer patients with ALK-rearranged mutation
Authors: Zhang Bo , Zeng Jingtong , Zhang Hao , Zhu Shuai , Wang Hanqing , He Jinling , Yang Lingqi , Zhou Ning , Zu Lingling , Xu Xiaohong , Song Zuoqing , Xu Song 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAlthough immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are one of the most important treatments for advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), NSCLC patients with ALK-rearranged usually don’t obtain a clinical benefit. The reason may be related to the unique tumor microenvironment (TME). We evaluated the characteristics of immune biomarkers of the TME and their prognostic value in ALK-rearranged NSCLC.MethodsTumor samples from patients with ALK-rearranged (N = 39) and EGFR- (N = 40)/KRAS- (N = 30) mutated NSCLC were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to assess the expression of 9 tumor immune markers as well as 6 immune markers of tumor-infiltrating cells. To research the TME of ALK-rearranged NSCLC, EGFR/KRAS-positive patients were used as controls. Furthermore, the correlation between the efficacy and prognosis of patients with advanced-stage (IIIC-IV) ALK rearrangements treated with targeted drugs was analyzed in terms of the TME.ResultsThe proportion of PD-L1+ tumors was lower in ALK-positive NSCLC than in KRAS-positive NSCLC. Besides, the proportion of T cells expressing TIM-3-CD8+ (15.38%), CTLA4-CD8+ (12.82%), LAG3-CD8+ (33.33%) and PD-1-CD8+ (2.56%) in ALK-positive NSCLC was lower than that in EGFR/KRAS-positive NSCLC. The expression of CD3, CD8 T cells and CD20 B cells was lower in ALK-positive NSCLC than in KRAS-positive NSCLC (p &lt; 0.0001, &lt; 0.005, and &lt; 0.001, respectively). Nevertheless, the level of CD4 helper T cells was higher in ALK-positive NSCLC than in EGFR/KRAS-positive NSCLC (p &lt; 0.0001 and p &lt; 0.05, respectively). The repression of TIM3 was higher in ALK-positive NSCLC than in KRAS-positive NSCLC (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, our data showed that high expression of PD-L1 (HR = 0.177, 95% CI 0.038–0.852, p = 0.027) and CTLA4 (HR = 0.196, 95% CI 0.041–0.947, p = 0.043) was related to lower OS in advanced-stage ALK- rearranged NSCLC patients treated with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).ConclusionsImmunosuppressive status was characteristic of the TME in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC compared with EGFR/KRAS-positive NSCLC. High expression of PD-L1 and CTLA4 was an adverse prognostic factor in advanced-stage ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients treated with ALK-TKIs. Immunotherapy for ALK-rearranged patients requires further exploration and validation by clinical trials.
Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α is associated with sarcopenia in elderly individuals residing in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Wumaer Aishanjiang , Maimaitiwusiman Zhuoya , Xiao Wenwen , Xuekelati Saiyare , Liu Jinling , Musha Tajiguli , Wang Hongmei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundInflammatory reactions play a significant role in the occurrence and development of sarcopenia. Determining the association between specific cytokines and sarcopenia may reveal the disease’s pathophysiological mechanism(s). Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and inflammatory cytokines among the elderly natural population in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of the community-dwelling older people using a multi-stage random sampling method in Mulei County in northern Xinjiang and Luopu County in southern Xinjiang from September 2017 to May 2018. Of the 2,100 participants, the statistical analyses included 1,838 participants with complete data. Comparisons of living habits, disease status, biochemical indexes, and levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia participants were made in this study.ResultsOur study revealed no significant differences (i.e., P &gt; 0.05) in sex, age, ethnicity, smoking and drinking habits, serum renal function, total cholesterol, and diabetes in the elderly between the sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups in Xinjiang. However, triglyceride levels (P = 0.004), hypertension (P = 0.019), and abdominal obesity (P &lt; 0.001) in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group. Moreover, the levels of IL-10 (P &lt; 0.001), IL-4 (P &lt; 0.001), and TNF-α (P &lt; 0.001) in the sarcopenia group were higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group after adjusting for sex, age, hypertension, blood lipid concentration, and obesity. Furthermore, after adjusting for sex, age, hypertension, obesity, and IL-10, IL-4, and IL-6 levels, an increased TNF-α level was also significantly associated with sarcopenia.ConclusionThe results of the present study suggest that an increased plasma level of TNF-α is significantly associated with sarcopenia among elderly individuals residing in Xinjiang’s agricultural and pastoral areas. Further study is still needed to determine the physiological role of “immune aging” in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.