bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the relationship between heat island effect, PM 2.5 and urbanization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region
Authors: Shao Jingjing , Ge Jingfeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the rapid progress of urbanization in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region, heat island effect and air pollution have become common environmental problems in the study area. How to coordinate the relationship between urbanization and ecological environment is extremely urgent. Therefore, based on geographical weighted regression model, Tapio decoupling theory and environmental Kuznets curve, this paper systematically analyzes the relationship between heat island effect, PM2.5 and urbanization in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region. The results show that: 1) The intensity of heat island is mainly increasing in urban built-up areas, and has a certain relationship with economic development, which is shown as "Beijing > Tianjin > Tangshan > Langfang". In addition, the increase of heat island intensity slows down in the later stage of the study. 2) The concentration of PM2.5 increased from 2001 to 2013, the air quality improved significantly after 2013. And PM2.5 has obvious seasonal and daily variation characteristics. Furthermore, PM2.5 concentration has significant spatial agglomeration and diffusion. The average interaction distance between cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region is 190km. 3) In the whole study period, the urbanization process in the study area has been moving forward despite fluctuations. There are obvious differences in urbanization among the cities in the urban agglomeration. The urbanization of Beijing and Tianjin is developing rapidly, and the spatial expansion is in the form of concentric circles or along the extension axis. 4) Geographical weighted regression model finds that urbanization has a high impact on heat island effect and PM2.5, and both are positively correlated. The decoupling theory indicates that the relationship between urbanization and heat island effect in the study area is dominated by expansion negative decoupling and weak decoupling, while the relationship between urbanization and PM2.5 is mainly weak decoupling and strong decoupling. The environmental Kuznets curve draws the conclusion that the relationship between heat island effect, PM2.5 and urbanization in the study area presents an "N-shaped" respectively. In general, the relationship between heat island effect, PM2.5 and urbanization of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region had become more and more harmonious from 2001 to 2017.
Prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors among children, aged 6-59 months from WASH project and non-WASH project implementing Kebeles of Tach Gayint Woreda North West, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Shimelash Alebachew , Tilaye Wondimnew , Eshetie Sisaye , Tegegne Eniyew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Nutritional scantiness is a leading cause of wasting, stunting, and being underweight in children all over the world. Stunting induces developmental delays, decreased cognitive function, an increased risk of chronic disease, and a decrease in the national economy. This study deliberate to assess the prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition WASH project and non-WASH project implementation Kebeles among children aged 6 to 59 months in Tach Gayint district, North West Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 1120 children aged 6–59 months randomly selected in Tach Gayint District from January 2019 to February 2019. The sample size was calculated using the double proportion formula. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The association between dependents and independent variables was tested using multivariable logistic regression. The statistical association was declared with 95% confidence intervals at a p-value of less than 0.05.
Result
The prevalence of stunting, underweight, and wasting was 49.4%, 17.0%, and 12.8% respectively. Diarrheal (AOR = 8.01; 95% CI: 1.62–39.45), Sex (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.26–2.58) and unimproved water source (AOR = 1.918, 95% CI: 1.389–2.64) were independent factors.
Conclusion
Undernutrition was a major public health issue among children aged 6 to 59 months according to WHOs cut of points. Unimproved water sources, the sex of the child, and frequent diarrheal infection were associated factors for undernutrition. Therefore, strengthening the implementation of WASH activities to increase the coverage of improved water supply and prevention and control of diarrheal infection should be included in the prevention strategies of undernutrition.
Diagnostic utility of flow cytometry in resource-constrained settings- a single center experience
Authors: Khattak Awal Mir , Mushtaq Hina , Yousafzai Yasar Mehmood , Hameed Mehreen , Khan Sadiq Noor , Islam Mujahid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Flow cytometry (FC) is an expensive investigation that is unaffordable for many patients from underprivileged nations. We aimed to reduce the total budget of the test by optimizing a limited antibody panel as guided by morphological assessment.
Materials and methods: This single-center, the experimental study included 247 patients referred for Flow cytometry at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar.There were 162 male (65.4 %) and 85 female patients (34.6%) with a mean age of 38.78±21.55 years. Bone marrow or peripheral blood samples were used for immunophenotyping. After the morphological assessment, a limited panel of flow markers was selected. All samples were stained with fluorochromes labeled monoclonal antibodies, acquired, and analyzed with a flow cytometer (Cytoflex, BeckMan-Coulter, USA). Data were statistically analyzed through SPSS-22, and descriptive statistics were applied for all variables. All results were presented in form of graphs, tables, and charts
Results: Out of 247 cases, an Acute leukemia panel was requested for 128 cases, a lymphoproliferative panel for 56 cases, T-cell subset analysis for 53 cases, and PNH clone screening for 10 cases. Newly diagnosed cases were 221 while 26 cases were known labeled cases of Acute leukemia for Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) analysis. Among the cases for MRD analysis, 10 cases were in remission, 12 cases relapsed and 04 cases were not in the remission phase.
98% of cases referred for Acute leukemia and Lymphoproliferative disorders, and 100% of cases referred for proximal nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) and T-cell subset analysis was conclusively diagnosed by our limited flow cytometry panels with low-cost effect.
Conclusions: In resource-constrained settings, optimization of a limited antibody panel is extremely facilitating to provide a Flow cytometry-based diagnosis which further guides the treatment decision.
Characterization of splenic and systemic immunity by differentially charged lipid adjuvants in enhancing post-intranasal immunization response against influenza
Authors: Sengupta Anirban , Al-Otaibi Noha , Devito Claudia , Lottersberger Francisca , Hinkula Jorma 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: At this time when vaccine development is at its peak against different respiratory diseases, it is of utmost importance to find suitable adjuvants that can increase the potency of the vaccine candidates. This study aims to find the systemic and splenic immune mechanism exhibited in mice models by anionic and cationic lipid adjuvants in presence of vaccine-candidate influenza antigen Hemagglutinin (HA).
Results: The study demonstrates how anionic and cationic lipid adjuvants can differ in their mechanism to induce immune protection. In presence of HA antigen, the cationic adjuvant (N3) induces enhanced dendritic cell activity, MHCI, CD80-CD86 costimulatory marker expression with significantly higher CD8T and Th17 population with enhanced interferon-gamma (IFNγ) expression in CD8T and CD4T populations. Anionic adjuvant (L3) induces significantly higher MHCII and DEC205 expression on dendritic cells with significantly increased CD4T and regulatory T cell population. This L3 treatment group also exhibited a higher plasma B cell population with significantly higher antigen-specific IgG and IgA titer with virus neutralization potential.
Conclusion: Thus, in this study, we illustrate how the use of differentially charged lipid adjuvants in combination with influenza HA antigen, drives differential adaptive immune response patterns. While anionic adjuvants are significantly higher humoral responses than cationic adjuvants, the latter influence significantly higher Th1/Th17 response. It is much more difficult to find a suitable and safer candidate vaccine antigen than to simply alter the associated adjuvant for a customized vaccination program. This will pave the way forward in the selection of the adjuvants based on their charges in boosting specific immune response arms in the future development of vaccine formulation.
Protective effect of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase inhibition on light-induced ciliary degeneration in photoreceptors
Authors: Che Lin , bao xiaoli , Fan Bin , Cong Yun-yi , Li Guang-Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Prolonged light exposure may induce retinal damage and degeneration of cilia and photoreceptor cells. This study investigated the protective effect of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition on light-induced retinal damage in vitro and in vivo. A murine cone photoreceptor 661W cell line and an animal model of light-induced retinal damage in C57BL mice were used to assess light-induced cell damages and death as well as to elucidate the underlying molecular events. The data showed that light exposure induced 661W cell death by reducing the proportion of cells with cilia and destroying the structure of the outer segments (OS) of photoreceptors. PARP expression knockdown or use of a PARP inhibitor was able to protect cells against light-induced damage in vitro and in vivo. While exposure to light induced photoreceptor degeneration and cell death, PARP expression knockdown and treatment with a selective PARP inhibitor as well as an Akt activator protected retina cells by improving cell survival and maintaining the structure of the OS of photoreceptor cells (including cilia on the cell membrane) during the process of light-induced damage. This study demonstrated that activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway facilitates the protective effect of PARP inhibition on retinal cells damaged by exposure to the light.
Interpersonal relationship and the risk of major depressive disorder: findings from a 1-year Chinese freshmen follow-up study
Authors: Sun Haiya , Qian Yandan , Sun Junsheng , Mu Fuqin , Jiang Fengxia , Xu Ruixue , Liu Yujia , Sun Hao , Liu Yanzhi , Zhu Jin , Wang JianLi , Liu Yan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between interpersonal relationships and the risk of MDD in freshmen.
Methods: 6,947 participants without baseline MDD (lifetime) completed the 1-year follow-up survey in 2019. Demographic information, interpersonal relationship scores measured by the Chinese version of Interpersonal Relationship Comprehensive Scale, depression severity at baseline screened with Patient Health Questionnaire-9, lifetime severe traumatic events and MDD at baseline and follow-up survey screened via the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 3.0 were collected. Logistic regression was performed to quantify the associations between interpersonal relationships and the new-onset of MDD.
Results: The baseline total relationship score (9 to 14, mild relationship distress) and the dimension score of dealing with people were positively associated with MDD incidence, respectively (OR total score=1.68, 95%CI: 1.16-2.43; OR dealing with people=1.39, 95%CI: 1.10-1.75). Interpersonal relationship score was not associated with MDD in participants without baseline depressive symptoms. However, it was positively associated with MDD (OR=2.10, 95%CI: 1.40-3.15) among participants with baseline depressive symptoms. There was a statistically significant interactions between dealing with people and baseline PHQ-9 score for the risk of MDD.
Conclusions: Interpersonal relationship perplex can increase the risk of MDD in college students. College students suffering from depressive symptoms without MDD yet who have interpersonal disorder deserve more attention in terms of prevention against MDD.
Time-related circumstances define youths' self-management following the unexpected loss of a family member to HIV/AIDS
Authors: Hlophe Siphesihle Delani , Jooste Karien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: There is a high incidence of depression in youth who are stressed, making them less likely to engage in active self-management strategies such as exercise due to the trauma of losing a family member. Youths visit public hospitals for various reasons, including panic attacks and anxiety, which are often experienced after the passing of a family member. The aim was to explore the lived experiences of youths on managing themselves after losing a family member to HIV/AIDS and develop guidelines for nurses to advise youths on self-management following the loss of a family member to HIV/AIDS.
Methods: A descriptive phenomenological design was followed for a study at a Comprehensive Healthcare Clinic in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The sample was selected through purposive sampling until data saturation was achieved. Individual semi-structured interviews with 11 participants were conducted, after which data saturation was established.
Results: Accordingly, based on the findings, the research developed guidelines that nurses can use to advise youths on self-managing themselves after the unexpected loss of a family member to HIV/AIDS.
Conclusion: The youths need to practice self-management during unexpected situations to cope with the death of family members with HIV/AIDS. Nurses at the Comprehensive Healthcare Clinic can use the developed guidelines to assist youth on self-management.
A bibliometric analysis of the scientific production of clay-based polymeric nanocomposites.
Authors: Costa Robson Soares , Menezaes Mario O. , Moura Esperidiana A. B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Clays and clay minerals are widely used in many facets of our society. Therefore, when dealing with the formation of polymer/clay nanocomposites, it promotes significant changes in mechanical, physical, and chemical properties in relation to the pure polymer matrix. This increases the interest of researchers in the field of nanotechnology, especially when it comes to the following properties: increase in strength and rigidity, improvement of rheological properties, and, mainly, increasing barrier properties to gasses and liquids. The objective of this work is to carry out a review of the literature on the academic production of clay-based polymeric nanocomposites and their applications in research areas in institutions around the world, using mapping analysis using the VOSviewer Software. A reference manager application was used to retrieve survey data. The data obtained are the result of a search for the keyword “clay and polymers and nanocomposites”. Up to 14,786 articles published related to the themes were analyzed between 1991 and 2022. Results showed that research on the production of clay-based polymeric nanocomposites increased from 1995 to 2014, but decreased from 2015 to 2021. his study helps researchers to conduct and determine targeted research topics and serve as a reference.
Hydropluviometric variability in a forest watershed undergoing accelerated urbanization: the case of Mefou (South Cameroon)
Authors: Ebode Valentin Brice 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article has as objective to investigate the impact of rainfall variability and land use changes on river discharge in the Mefou basin over the recent period (1963–2018). To achieve this goal, hydrometeorological data of this basin were analyzed using the Pettitt test. Likewise, land use changes were also analyzed using supervised classifications of Landsat satellite images at two periods (1973 and 2018). Average and extreme flows of Mefou river have increased since 1985-86, unlike the rainfall, which generally decreased for all seasons from the 1970s, apart from summer, where the reverse was observed. Changes in land use (increase impervious areas and a decrease in forest and water bodies) seem to be the main cause of the increase in runoff observed. The rainfall plays an essentially amplifying role in the increase in discharge in the seasons during which they occur. Those having experienced an increase or a maintenance of rainfall (summer and spring) recorded the most significant increases in discharges. These results could be useful for the improvement of future simulations of the Mefou river flow and the prevention of socio-environmental disasters like floods in the basin.
A study of cardiovascular complications after general surgeries in Damascus Hospital in Syria
Authors: Chebat Mohamad , Shamieh Prof. Marwan , Aoudeh Mohamad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the advantages of surgery, it can trigger cardiac events; including heart attacks, heart failure, heart rhythm disturbances, and death. Previous research has shown that out of patients who were never admitted to critical care, nearly three-quarters died after surgery suggesting that their risk was unrecognized.
Methods
Data from 200 surgical patients registered at the general Surgery department in Damascus hospital who were examined and observed within 72 hours after their general surgery from March 2022 to June 2022.
Study design
A cross-sectional study conducted in Syria
Results
- 4.5% of patients undergoing general surgery have developed postoperative cardiovascular compilations.
- Cardiovascular complications were developed in 37.5% of the patients who underwent colon tumor resection., in 20% of patients who underwent a partial mastectomy, in 4.9% of Cholecystectomy patients, and in 1.2% of Appendectomy patients.
Conclusion
This study shows a high percentage of cardiovascular complications (4.5%) after 72 hours of general surgeries.
Ecological analysis of Demographic, Nutritional and Housing related factors associated with anaemia among women of reproductive age group in Nigeria.
Authors: Kareem Yusuf Olushola , Ameyaw Edward K. , Bello Oluwasomidoyin O. , Abdus-Salam Rukiyat A. , Lawal Olatunji O. , Obajimi Gbolahan , Kofoworola Alade Yussuf , Morhason-Bello Imran O. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Anaemia remains a major public health concern, particularly, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where it is one of the causes of maternal death. The most common cause of maternal anaemia is iron deficiency or malnutrition. This study examined the prevalence of, and risk factors for anaemia among women that participated in the Nigerian Demographic Health Survey.
Method
The data from 14,454 women that participated in the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) were utilized for this study and we extracted information such as demographic, social and housing, dietary characteristics and haemoglobin concentration. The descriptive statistic results, prevalence and 95% Confidence Interval (CIs) of anaemia with the selected respondents’ background characteristics were presented. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to assess the risk of anaemia among women of reproductive age. All analyses were weighted and adjusted for the complex survey design. Statistical significance was interpreted at p-value < 0.05.
Results
Maternal status, body mass index, education, residence, religion, ethnicity, region and type of cooking fuel were all important determinants of anaemia. The prevalence of anaemia was high among pregnant women (61.8%; 95% CI: 58.5–65.0), adolescents (60.4%; 95% CI: 58.1–62.6), underweight women (62.6%; 95% CI: 59.5–65.5), women who had no formal education (64.1%; 95% CI: 62.2–66.0) and those who belonged to the poorest wealth quintile (65.8%; 95% CI: 63.1–68.4). Similarly, anaemia was high among women residing in rural areas (61.5%; 95% CI: 60.0–63.0), Muslims (59.9%; 95% CI: 58.1–61.6) and women with six or more children (62.1%; 95% CI: 60.0-64.1). The risk of anaemia was 2% less likely among women who took a minimum adequate diet compared to those who do not.
Conclusion
To date, this is the largest data on maternal anaemia in Nigeria. The study highlighted the high burden of maternal anaemia in the country and different risk factors (medical and social) that are associated with this medical condition among women of reproductive age. We recommend future longitudinal studies to test this hypothesis in order to assess whether there is any causal relationship between identified risk factors and anaemia in this group of women.
Machine learning models with time-series clinical features to predict radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Koo Bon San , Jang Miso , Oh Ji Seon , Shin Keewon , Lee Seunghun , Joo Kyung Bin , Kim Namkug , Kim Tae-Hwan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ankylosing spondylitis is chronic inflammatory arthritis that causes structural damage to the spine due to repeated and continuous inflammation over a long period of time. The purpose of this study was to establish the application of machine learning models for predicting radiographic progression in patients with AS using time-series data from electronic medical records (EMRs).
Methods
EMR data, including baseline characteristics, laboratory finding, drug administration, and modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS), were collected from 1,123 AS patients who were followed up for 18 years at a common center at the time of first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) visits. The radiographic progression of the (n + 1)th visit (Pn+1 = (mSASSSn+1 – mSASSSn) / (Tn+1 – Tn) ≥ 1 unit per year) was predicted using follow-up visit datasets from T1 to Tn. Three machine learning methods (logistic regression with least absolute shrinkage and selection operation, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting algorithms) with three-fold cross-validation were used.
Results
The random forest model using the T1 EMR dataset showed the highest performance in predicting the radioactive progression P2 among all the machine learning models tested. The mean accuracy and the area under the curves were 73.73% and 0.79, respectively. Among the variables of T1, the most important variables for predicting radiographic progression were in the order of total mSASSS, age, and alkaline phosphatase.
Conclusion
Prognosis predictive models using time-series data showed reasonable performance with clinical features of the first visit dataset for predicting radiographic progression. Additional feature data such as spine radiographs or life-log data may improve the performance of these models.