bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perinatal risk factors for mortality in very preterm infants—A nationwide, population‐based discriminant analysis
Authors: Norman Mikael , Nilsson David , Trygg Johan , Håkansson Stellan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo assess the strength of associations between interrelated perinatal risk factors and mortality in very preterm infants.MethodsInformation on all live‐born infants delivered in Sweden at 22–31 weeks of gestational age (GA) from 2011 to 2019 was gathered from the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register, excluding infants with major malformations or not resuscitated because of anticipated poor prognosis. Twenty‐seven perinatal risk factors available at birth were exposures and in‐hospital mortality outcome. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was applied to assess proximity between individual risk factors and mortality, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to estimate discriminant ability.ResultsIn total, 638 of 8,396 (7.6%) infants died. Thirteen risk factors discriminated reduced mortality; the most important were higher Apgar scores at 5 and 10 min, GA and birthweight. Restricting the analysis to preterm infants <28 weeks’ GA (n = 2939, 16.9% mortality) added antenatal corticosteroid therapy as significantly associated with lower mortality. The area under the ROC curve (the C‐statistic) using all risk factors was 0.86, as determined after both internal and external validation.ConclusionApgar scores, gestational age and birthweight show stronger associations with mortality in very preterm infants than several other perinatal risk factors available at birth.
Capitalism, COVID‐19 and lockdowns
Authors: Bagus Philipp , Peña‐Ramos José Antonio , Sánchez‐Bayón Antonio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCommentators believe that the COVID‐19 pandemic reveals the inconveniences of capitalism and that the end of “neoliberalism” could be near. In this article we show that a capitalist ethics is capable to deal with the challenges of pandemics and comes with important advantages such as the prevention of overreactions. We apply both utilitarian and rights‐based ethics to the case of epidemics in general and COVID‐19 in particular. First a libertarian natural law ethics is used to assess the government interventions in the Corona pandemic. We maintain that these interventions cannot be justified from a libertarian point of view despite of the possible objections that are discussed such as the “potential threat argument”. Moreover, the utilitarian argument in favor of government lockdowns is evaluated. The negative effects of lockdown on mental health, addictions, domestic violence, etc. have to be taken into account. The utilitarian argument in favor of lockdown is far from convincing, as economic calculation is not possible.
Impact of COVID‐19 on perinatal care: Perceptions of family physicians in the United States
Authors: Goldstein Jessica Taylor , Eden Aimee R. , Taylor Melina K. , Dotson Andrea , Barreto Tyler 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐centered care is the best practice in the care of pregnant and postpartum patients. The COVID‐19 pandemic prompted changes in perinatal care policies, which were often reactive, resulting in unintended consequences, many of which made the delivery of patient‐centered care more difficult. This study aimed to understand the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on perinatal health care delivery from the perspective of family physicians in the United States.MethodsFrom October 5 to November 4, 2020, we surveyed mid‐ to late‐career family physicians who provide perinatal care. We conducted descriptive analyses to measure the impact of COVID‐19 on prenatal care, labor and delivery, postpartum care, patient experience, and patient volume. An immersion‐crystallization approach was used to analyze qualitative data provided as open‐text comments.ResultsOf the 1518 survey respondents, 1062 (69.8%) stated that they currently attend births; 595 of those elaborated about the impact of COVID‐19 on perinatal care in free‐text comments. Eight themes emerged related to the impact of COVID‐19 on perinatal care: visitation, patient decisions, testing, personal protective equipment, care continuity, changes in care delivery, reassignment, and volume. The greatest perceived impact of COVID‐19 was on patient experience.ConclusionsFamily physicians who provided perinatal care during the COVID‐19 pandemic noted a considerable impact on patient experience, which particularly affected the ability to deliver patient‐centered and family‐centered care. Continued research is needed to understand the long‐term impact of policies affecting the delivery of patient‐centered perinatal care and to inform more evidence‐based, proactive policies to be implemented in future pandemic or disaster situations.
Independent effects of word concreteness and word valence on immediate serial recall
Authors: Tse Chi‐Shing , Altarriba Jeanette 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe present study examined the roles of word concreteness and word valence in the immediate serial recall task. Emotion words (e.g. happy) were used to investigate these effects. Participants completed study‐test trials with 7‐item study lists consisting of positive or negative words with either high or low concreteness (Experiments 1 and 2) and neutral (i.e. non‐emotion) words with either high or low concreteness (Experiment 2). In serial recall performance, we replicated the typical item concreteness effect (concrete words are better recalled than abstract words) and obtained an item valence effect (positive/neutral words are better recalled than negative words). However, there was no concreteness × valence interaction. We conclude that both word valence and word concreteness independently contribute to the serial order retention of emotion words in the immediate serial recall task.
Targeting chemoresistance in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma using a novel polyamide–chlorambucil conjugate
Authors: Funasaki Shintaro , Mehanna Sally , Ma Wenjuan , Nishizawa Hidekazu , Kamikubo Yasuhiko , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Ikeda Shuji , Motoshima Takanobu , Hasumi Hisashi , Linehan W. Marston , Schmidt Laura S. , Ricketts Chris , Suda Toshio , Oike Yuichi , Kamba Tomomi , Baba Masaya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma with Xp11.2 translocation involving the TFE3 gene (TFE3‐RCC) is a recently identified subset of RCC with unique morphology and clinical presentation. The chimeric PRCC‐TFE3 protein produced by Xp11.2 translocation has been shown to transcriptionally activate its downstream target genes that play important roles in carcinogenesis and tumor development of TFE3‐RCC. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that in TFE3‐RCC cells, PRCC‐TFE3 controls heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression to confer chemoresistance. Inhibition of HMOX1 sensitized the PRCC‐TFE3 expressing cells to genotoxic reagents. We screened for a novel chlorambucil–polyamide conjugate (Chb) to target PRCC‐TFE3‐dependent transcription, and identified Chb16 as a PRCC‐TFE3‐dependent transcriptional inhibitor of HMOX1 expression. Treatment of the patient‐derived cancer cells with Chb16 exhibited senescence and growth arrest, and increased sensitivity of the TFE3‐RCC cells to the genotoxic reagent etoposide. Thus, our data showed that the TFE3‐RCC cells acquired chemoresistance through HMOX1 expression and that inhibition of HMOX1 by Chb16 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for TFE3‐RCC.
Exosomal circGSE1 promotes immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing the expansion of regulatory T cells
Authors: Huang Mingyao , Huang Xin , Huang Ning 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStudies have shown exosomal circRNAs can regulate the immune escape of tumors by carrying cancer‐derived molecules. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the process of tumor immune escape. However, the mechanism by which exosomal circRNAs regulate Tregs to create a microenvironment for tumor immune escape is unclear. The effect of exosomes on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells was evaluated by CCK‐8, transwell, and wound‐healing assays. The expression of circGSE1 was evaluated by real‐time quantitative PCR, and the function of exosomal circGSE1 was explored by Western blot and RNA pull‐down assays. In vivo animal metastasis models and bioluminescence imaging were used to verify the effect of exosomal circGSE1 on tumor progression. Collectively, we revealed that exosomal circGSE1 derived from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells promotes the progression of HCC by inducing Tregs expansion via regulating the miR‐324‐5p/TGFBR1/Smad3 axis. Therefore, in the future, exosomal circGSE1 can be used as a promising biomarker for immunotherapy of HCC.
Ichthyosis follicularis syndromes in patients with mutations in GJB2
Authors: Youssefian Leila , Naji Mahtab , Park Jason S. , Rajabi Fateme , Abdollahimajd Fahimeh , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Kamyab-Hesari Kambiz , Ghalamkarpour Fariba , Zabihi Masoud , Teimoorian Mehrdad , Youssefian Laya , Zeinali Sirous , Vahidnezhad Hassan , Uitto Jouni 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIchthyosis follicularis (IF) manifests as generalized spiny follicular projections found in syndromic diseases secondary to SREBF1 and MBTPS2 mutations. We sought the genetic cause of IF in two distinct families from a cohort of 180 patients with ichthyosis. In Family 1, the proband (Patient 1) presented with IF, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and punctate palmoplantar keratoderma. Using DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes, two compound heterozygous mutations, c.526A&gt;G and c.35delG, were discovered in GJB2. In Family 2, the proband (Patient 2) presented with a previously unreported IF phenotype in the context of keratitis–ichthyosis–deafness syndrome, and whole-exome sequencing found a de novo heterozygous mutation, c.148G&gt;A in GJB2. Histopathology was consistent with porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct naevus (PEODDN) and IF in Patients 1 and 2, respectively. Our findings add to the clinical and histopathological spectrum of IF and emphasize the association of PEODDN-like entities with GJB2 variants.
SHP2's gain‐of‐function in Werner syndrome causes childhood disease onset likely resulting from negative genetic interaction
Authors: Priolo Manuela , Palermo Valentina , Aiello Francesca , Ciolfi Andrea , Pannone Luca , Muto Valentina , Motta Marialetizia , Mancini Cecilia , Radio Francesca Clementina , Niceta Marcello , Leoni Chiara , Pintomalli Letizia , Carrozzo Rosalba , Rajola Giuseppe , Mammì Corrado , Zampino Giuseppe , Martinelli Simone , Dallapiccola Bruno , Pichierri Pietro , Tartaglia Marco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPrompt diagnosis of complex phenotypes is a challenging task in clinical genetics. Whole exome sequencing has proved to be effective in solving such conditions. Here, we report on an unpredictable presentation of Werner Syndrome (WRNS) in a 12‐year‐old girl carrying a homozygous truncating variant in RECQL2, the gene mutated in WRNS, and a de novo activating missense change in PTPN11, the major Noonan syndrome gene, encoding SHP2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase positively controlling RAS function and MAPK signaling, which have tightly been associated with senescence in primary cells. All the major WRNS clinical criteria were present with an extreme precocious onset and were associated with mild intellectual disability, severe growth retardation and facial dysmorphism. Compared to primary fibroblasts from adult subjects with WRNS, proband's fibroblasts showed a dramatically reduced proliferation rate and competence, and a more accelerated senescence, in line with the anticipated WRNS features occurring in the child. In vitro functional characterization of the SHP2 mutant documented its hyperactive behavior and a significantly enhanced activation of the MAPK pathway. Based on the functional interaction of WRN and MAPK signaling in processes relevant to replicative senescence, these findings disclose a unique phenotype likely resulting from negative genetic interaction.
SIRT1: A promising therapeutic target for chronic pain
Authors: Song Fan‐He , Liu Dai‐Qiang , Zhou Ya‐Qun , Mei Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChronic pain remains an unresolved problem. Current treatments have limited efficacy. Thus, novel therapeutic targets are urgently required for the development of more effective analgesics. An increasing number of studies have proved that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) agonists can relieve chronic pain. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the roles and mechanisms of SIRT1 in mediating chronic pain associated with peripheral nerve injury, chemotherapy‐induced peripheral neuropathy, spinal cord injury, bone cancer, and complete Freund's adjuvant injection. Emerging studies have indicated that SIRT1 activation may exert positive effects on chronic pain relief by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, SIRT1 agonists may serve as potential therapeutic drugs for chronic pain.
Laryngoscopic findings of age‐related vocal fold atrophy are reliable but not specific
Authors: Song Jin Soo , Campbell Ross , Lin Rui Jun , Jeffery Caroline C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the reliability of laryngoscopic features of vocal fold atrophy as assessed by novice otolaryngology trainees and expert laryngologists.DesignTwo expert fellowship‐trained laryngologists and three non‐expert otolaryngology resident trainees were recruited to view 50 anonymised laryngo‐stroboscopic examinations of patients presenting with dysphonia and non‐voice, laryngeal complaints. Reviewers were asked to stratify the patient's age, provide an opinion about the presence of age‐related vocal fold atrophy and specify which laryngoscopy features were present to make the diagnosis.SettingTertiary care laryngology practice.ParticipantsTwo fellowship‐trained laryngologists and three trainee otolaryngologists.Main outcome measuresAccuracy of age categorisation was determined and Kappa analysis was performed to assess inter‐rater agreement.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 54.9 years old with near equal male to female distribution. The overall accuracy of age category determination by raters was only 30.8%. Kappa analysis demonstrated fair agreement regarding the presence of vocal fold atrophy in non‐expert reviewers, and moderate agreement amongst expert reviewers. Features of glottic gap, muscular atrophy of vocal folds and prominent vocal processes were all identified with high agreement (>80.0%).ConclusionOur study illustrates that while raters can agree on the presence of age‐related vocal fold atrophy, the findings may be non‐specific and do not necessarily correlate with age.
The feasibility of baroreflex sensitivity measurements in heart failure subjects: The role of slow‐patterned breathing
Authors: Urbancsek Réka , Csanádi Zoltán , Forgács Ildikó N. , Papp Tímea B. , Boczán Judit , Barta Judit , Jenei Csaba , Nagy László , Rudas László 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionIncreased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) indicates an adverse outcome in heart failure. Decreased baroreflex modulation of MSNA is a well‐known feature of the disease. The determinability of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in heart failure is low, however, the determinability of sympathetic BRS is not known.MethodsWe have assessed the spontaneous, MSNA burst incidence‐based baroreflex index (BRSsymp) in 33 stable heart failure patients and in 10 healthy controls using the traditional r ≥ .5 cutoff for acceptable individual diastolic pressure‐burst incidence slopes, and also a more stringent r ≥ .7 cutoff. We have also assessed the influence of 6/min breathing.ResultsThe determinability of BRSsymp in heart failure patients was 64% during spontaneous breathing with r ≥ .5 cutoff, and 39% using the r ≥ .7 cutoff. The determinability of these indices further decreased during 6/min breathing, dropping to 29% with the r ≥ .7 cutoff. In contrast, the determinability of the cardiovagal BRS indices increased significantly with 6/min breathing (from 24% to 66%; p < .001). Patients who still had determinable BRSsymp at the r ≥ .7 cutoff had a significantly lower baseline burst incidence than those with an undeterminable index (70 ± 14 vs. 89 ± 10 burst/100 cycles; p < .002). Neither the 6/min breathing, nor the r ≥ .7 cutoff limit influenced the high availability of BRSsymp in healthy subjects.ConclusionThe determinability of BRSsymp in heart failure patients is limited, especially with the 0.7 limit for correlation. Undeterminable BRSsymp in patients is associated with higher sympathetic activity. 6/min breathing improves the determinability of cardiovagal BRS indices, but not that of BRSsymp.
A comparison of variability between absolute and relative blood flow restriction pressures
Authors: Stanford Daphney M. , Chatlaong Matthew A. , Miller William M. , Mouser J. Grant , Dankel Scott J. , Jessee Matthew B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionRecommendations are that blood flow restriction (BFR) be applied relative to arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) to provide a similar stimulus.PurposeCompare variability of the change in blood flow, shear rate and discomfort between recommended relative pressures and an absolute pressure.MethodsDuring one visit, brachial arterial blood flow was measured in 91 participants using pulse‐wave Doppler ultrasonography. After 5‐min seated rest, AOP was measured. Following another 5‐min rest, blood flow and discomfort were assessed twice before cuff inflation as controls (C1 and C2), then again with a cuff inflated to each BFR pressure (all measures separated by 1‐min). Change scores from C1 to all subsequent measures were calculated (i.e., C2‐C1; 40% AOP‐C1; 80% AOP‐C1; 100 mmHg‐C1). Variability of the changes were compared via pairwise modified Pitman–Morgan tests (α = 0.008).ResultsVariance (95% CI) of the change for blood flow (ml/min), shear rate (1/s), and discomfort (AU) had similar trends. C2‐C1 differed from all conditions (all p < 0.001), 40% AOP‐C1 differed from 80% AOP‐C1 and 100 mmHg‐C1 (all p < 0.001), which did not differ (both p ≥ 0.117). Blood flow: C2‐C1 = 469.79 (357.90, 644.07), 40% AOP‐C1 = 1263.18 (962.34, 1731.80), 80% AOP‐C1 = 1752.90 (1335.42, 2403.18), 100 mmHg‐C1 = 1603.18 (1221.36, 2197.92); shear rate: C2‐C1 = 6248.24 (4760.10, 8566.15), 40% AOP‐C1 = 14 625.30 (11 142.06, 20 050.95), 80% AOP‐C1 = 22 064.02 (16 809.13, 30 249.27), 100 mmHg‐C1 = 20 778.76 (15 829.98, 28 487.21); discomfort: C2‐C1 = 0.07 (0.05, 0.08), 40% AOP‐C1 = 2.03 (1.55, 2.78), 80% AOP‐C1 = 4.26 (3.25, 5.84), 100 mmHg‐C1 = 4.50 (3.43, 6.17).ConclusionContrary to previous suggestions, applying relative pressures does not necessarily guarantee a similar stimulus. It seems that higher pressures produce more variable changes even if the external pressure applied is made relative to each individual.
Acute kidney injury during pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Yadav Anju , Salas Maria Aurora Posadas , Coscia Lisa , Basu Arpita , Rossi Ana Paula , Sawinski Deirdre , Shah Silvi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPregnancy‐related acute kidney injury (AKI) is a public health problem and remains an important cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of pregnancy‐related AKI has increased in developed countries due to increase in maternal age and higher detection rates. Pregnancy in women with kidney transplants is associated with higher adverse outcomes like preeclampsia, preterm births, and allograft dysfunction, but limited data exists on causes and outcomes of pregnancy‐related AKI in the kidney transplant population. Diagnosis of AKI during pregnancy remains challenging in kidney transplant recipients due to lack of diagnostic criteria. Management of pregnancy‐related AKI in the kidney transplant population requires a multidisciplinary team consisting of transplant nephrologists, high‐risk obstetricians, and neonatologists. In this review, we discuss pregnancy‐related AKI in women with kidney transplants, etiologies, pregnancy outcomes, and management strategies.
Modified N score is helpful for identifying patients who need endoscopic intervention among those with black stools without hematemesis
Authors: Ito Nobuhito , Funasaka Kohei , Fujiyoshi Toshihisa , Furukawa Kazuhiro , Kakushima Naomi , Furune Satoshi , Ishikawa Eri , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Sawada Tsunaki , Maeda Keiko , Ishikawa Takuya , Yamamura Takeshi , Ohno Eizaburo , Nakamura Masanao , Kawashima Hiroki , Miyahara Ryoji , Hirooka Yoshiki , Haruta Jun‐Ichi , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesAlthough black stools are one of the signs of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, not all patients without hematemesis need endoscopic intervention. There is no apparent indicator to select who needs treatment thus far. The aim of this study was to establish a novel score that predicts the need for endoscopic intervention in patients with black stools without hematemesis.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 721 consecutive patients with black stools without hematemesis who underwent emergency endoscopy from two facilities. In the development stage (from January 2016 to December 2018), risk factors that predict the need for endoscopic intervention were determined from the data of 422 patients by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a novel scoring system, named the modified Nagoya University score (modified N score), was developed. In the validation stage (from January 2019 to September 2020), we evaluated the diagnostic value of the modified N score for 299 patients.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis revealed four predictive factors for endoscopic intervention: syncope, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, and the BUN/creatinine ratio as positive indicators and anticoagulant drug use as a negative indicator. In the validation stage, the area under the curve of the modified N score was 0.731, and the modified N score showed a sensitivity of 82.0% and a specificity of 58.8%.ConclusionsOur modified N score, which consists of only four factors, can identify patients who need endoscopic intervention among those with black stools without hematemesis.
Use of health services and unmet needs among adults with cerebral palsy in Ireland
Authors: Manikandan Manjula , Casey Claire , Doyle Anne , Kerr Claire , Walsh Michael , Walsh Aisling , M Ryan Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo describe use of health services, unmet needs relating to health services, and identify factors associated with service use among adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in Ireland.MethodData relating to demographics, secondary diagnoses, current use of health services and assistive devices, and unmet needs for both were obtained on adults with CP from the National Physical and Sensory Disability Database. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with service use.ResultsA total of 1268 adults with CP were included in this study. Over half were male (56%) and 78% lived with parents, siblings, or other family relatives. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and orthotics/prosthetic services were the most commonly used services, used by 57%, 48%, and 35% of the sample respectively. Unmet needs were highest for physiotherapy (23%) and occupational therapy services (13%). Age, sex, living arrangements, and wheelchair use were frequently associated with current service use.InterpretationAdults with CP used a wide range of health services and unmet needs were reported for all services. The findings highlight a need for planning and development of services to meet their needs, regardless of their age, mobility level, or living arrangements.What this paper adds

Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) in Ireland used a wide range of therapeutic, respite, personal assistance, and support services.
Unmet needs were highest for physiotherapy and occupational therapy services.
Adults aged 25 years and above were less likely to use therapy services compared with younger adults.
Adults living with parents, siblings, or family relatives were less likely to use personal assistance and physiotherapy services.