bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drone exploration of bat echolocation: A UAV‐borne multimicrophone array to study bat echolocation
Authors: Jespersen Christian , Docherty David , Hallam John , Albertsen Carsten , Jakobsen Lasse 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMultimicrophone array techniques offer crucial insight into bat echolocation, yet they severely undersample the environments bats operate in as they are limited in geographic placement and mobility. UAVs are excellent candidates to greatly increase the environments in which such arrays can be deployed, but the impact of UAV noise on recording quality and the UAV's behavioral impact on the bats may affect usability. We developed a UAV‐borne multimicrophone setup capable of recording bat echolocation across diverse environments. We quantify and mitigate the impact of UAV noise on the recording setup and test the recording capability of the array by recording four common Danish bat species: Pipistrellus pygmaeus, Myotis daubentonii, Eptesicus serotinus, and Nyctalus noctula. The UAV produces substantial noise at ultrasonic frequencies relevant to many bat species. However, suspending the array 30 m below the UAV attenuates the noise to levels below the self‐noise of our recording system at 20 kHz and above, and we successfully record and acoustically localize all four bat species. The behavioral impact of the UAV is minimal as all four species approached the array to within 1 m and all emitted recordable feeding buzzes. UAV‐borne multimicrophone arrays will allow us to quantify bat echolocation in hitherto unexplored habitats and provide crucial insight into how bats operate their sonar across their entire natural habitat.
P‐wave durations from automated electrocardiogram analysis to predict atrial fibrillation and mortality in heart failure
Authors: Zhou Jiandong , Li Andrew , Tan Martin , Lam Matthew Chung Yan , Hung Lok Tin , Siu Ronald Wing Hei , Lee Sharen , Lakhani Ishan , Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai , Bin Waleed Khalid , Liu Tong , Jeevaratnam Kamalan , Zhang Qingpeng , Tse Gary 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundP‐wave indices have been used to predict incident atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, and mortality. However, such indices derived from automated ECG measurements have not been explored for their predictive values in heart failure (HF). We investigated whether automated P‐wave indices can predict adverse outcomes in HF.MethodsThis study included consecutive Chinese patients admitted to a single tertiary centre, presenting with HF but without prior AF, and with at least one baseline ECG, between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2016, with last follow‐up of 31 December 2019.ResultsA total of 2718 patients were included [median age: 77.4, interquartile range (IQR): (66.9–84.3) years; 47.9 males]. After a median follow‐up of 4.8 years (IQR: 1.9–9.0 years), 1150 patients developed AF (8.8/year), 339 developed stroke (2.6/year), 563 developed cardiovascular mortality (4.3/year), and 1972 had all‐cause mortality (15.1/year). Compared with 101–120 ms as a reference, maximum P‐wave durations predicted new‐onset AF at ≤90 ms [HR: 1.17(1.11, 1.50), P < 0.01], 131–140 ms [HR: 1.29(1.09, 1.54), P < 0.001], and ≥141 ms [HR: 1.52(1.32, 1.75), P < 0.001]. Similarly, they predicted cardiovascular mortality at ≤90 ms [HR: 1.50(1.08, 2.06), P < 0.001] or ≥141 ms [HR: 1.18(1.15, 1.45), P < 0.001], and all‐cause mortality at ≤90 ms [HR: 1.26(1.04, 1.51), P < 0.001], 131–140 ms [HR: 1.15(1.01, 1.32), P < 0.01], and ≥141 ms [HR: 1.31(1.18, 1.46), P < 0.001]. These remained significant after adjusting for significant demographics, past co‐morbidities, P‐wave dispersion, and maximum P‐wave amplitude.ConclusionsExtreme values of maximum P‐wave durations (≤90 ms and ≥141 ms) were significant predictors of new‐onset AF, cardiovascular mortality, and all‐cause mortality.
Red cell distribution width as a prognosticator in patients with heart failure
Authors: Kim Minkwan , Lee Chan Joo , Kang Hye‐Jin , Son Nak‐Hoon , Bae SungA , Seo Jiwon , Oh Jaewon , Rim Se‐Joong , Jung In Hyun , Choi Eui‐Young , Kang Seok‐Min 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsIncreased red cell distribution width (RDW) is a poor prognostic factor in patients with heart failure (HF). However, only a few large‐scale studies have identified the clinical utility of RDW after adjusting for covariates affecting RDW.Methods and resultsFrom January 2010 to April 2021, we retrospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with HF from three referral hospitals with available RDW data (taken within 3 months of HF diagnosis) using an integrated clinical data system. Patients with an ejection fraction (EF) < 50% or HFA‐PEFF (Heart Failure Association Pre‐test assessment, Echocardiography and natriuretic peptide, Functional testing, Final aetiology) score ≥ 2 without severe valvular heart disease or coronary revascularization were enrolled. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality was also collected. Multivariable Cox regression analysis and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to identify any association between RDW and all‐cause death by balancing covariates or compounding factors. The global χ2 score was calculated and discrimination analysis was performed to evaluate the incremental value of RDW in predicting prognosis. Among the 6599 participants enrolled in this study, 1256 (19.0%) cases of all‐cause death occurred, and the median duration of follow‐up was 887 (interquartile range 351–1589) days. Elevated RDW at the initial diagnosis was associated with poor prognosis [cumulative incidence: 819 (30.2%) vs. 437 (11.2%), relative risk 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51–1.67, log‐rank P < 0.001]. Multivariable Cox analysis showed that elevated RDW was a poor prognostic factor for the primary endpoint [hazard ratio (HR) 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.16, P < 0.001], independent of clinical risk factors, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and EF, which was concordant with the stabilized IPTW (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.10–1.49, P < 0.001). Adding RDW to model composed of traditional risk factors, NT‐proBNP, and echocardiographic parameters showed incremental prognostic value for predicting poor prognosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.799–0.826; P < 0.001).ConclusionsIncreased RDW at the time of diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis in patients with HF, independent of clinical risk factors, such as NT‐proBNP, and echocardiographic parameters. Therefore, RDW may aid in the management of these patients beyond traditional risk factors.
How does age affect outcomes after left ventricular assist device implantation: results from the PCHF‐VAD registry
Authors: Radhoe Sumant P. , Veenis Jesse F. , Jakus Nina , Timmermans Philippe , Pouleur Anne‐Catherine , Rubís Pawel , Van Craenenbroeck Emeline M. , Gaizauskas Edvinas , Barge‐Caballero Eduardo , Paolillo Stefania , Grundmann Sebastian , D'Amario Domenico , Braun Oscar Ö. , Gkouziouta Aggeliki , Planinc Ivo , Samardzic Jure , Meyns Bart , Droogne Walter , Wierzbicki Karol , Holcman Katarzyna , Flammer Andreas J. , Gasparovic Hrvoje , Biocina Bojan , Lund Lars H. , Milicic Davor , Ruschitzka Frank , Cikes Maja , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsUse of left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) in older patients has increased, and assessing outcomes in older LVAD recipients is important. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate associations between age and outcomes after continuous‐flow LVAD (cf‐LVAD) implantation.Methods and resultsCf‐LVAD patients from the multicentre European PCHF‐VAD registry were included and categorized into those <50, 50–64, and ≥65 years old. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality. Among secondary outcomes were heart failure (HF) hospitalizations, right ventricular (RV) failure, haemocompatibility score, bleeding events, non‐fatal thromboembolic events, and device‐related infections. Of 562 patients, 184 (32.7%) were <50, 305 (54.3%) were aged 50–64, whereas 73 (13.0%) were ≥65 years old. Median follow‐up was 1.1 years. Patients in the oldest age group were significantly more often designated as destination therapy (DT) candidates (61%). A 10 year increase in age was associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.15–1.57]), intracranial bleeding (HR 1.49, 95% CI [1.10–2.02]), and non‐intracranial bleeding (HR 1.30, 95% CI [1.09–1.56]), which was confirmed by a higher mean haemocompatibility score (1.37 vs. 0.77, oldest vs. youngest groups, respectively, P = 0.033). Older patients suffered from less device‐related infections requiring systemic antibiotics. No age‐related differences were observed in HF‐related hospitalizations, ventricular arrhythmias, pump thrombosis, non‐fatal thromboembolic events, or RV failure.ConclusionsIn the PCHF‐VAD registry, higher age was associated with increased risk of mortality, and especially with increased risk of major bleeding, which is particularly relevant for the DT population. The risks of HF hospitalizations, pump thrombosis, ventricular arrhythmia, or RV failure were comparable. Strikingly, older patients had less device‐related infections.
Mixed‐methods evaluation of a multifaceted heart failure intervention in general practice: the OSCAR‐HF pilot study
Authors: Smeets Miek , Raat Willem , Aertgeerts Bert , Penders Joris , Vercammen Jan , Droogne Walter , Mullens Wilfried , Janssens Stefan , Vaes Bert 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is an important health problem for which multidisciplinary care is recommended, yet few studies involve primary care practitioners in the multidisciplinary management of HF. We set up a multifaceted prospective observational trial, OSCAR‐HF, piloting audit and feedback, natriuretic peptide testing at the point of care, and the assistance of a specialist HF nurse in primary care. The aim was to optimize HF care in general practice.Methods and resultsThis is an analysis at 6 month follow‐up of the study interventions of the OSCAR‐HF pilot study, a nonrandomized, noncontrolled prospective observational trial conducted in eight Belgian general practices [51 general practitioners (GPs)]. Patients who were assessed by their GP to have HF constituted the OSCAR‐HF study population. We used descriptive statistics and mixed‐effects modelling for the quantitative analysis and thematic analysis of the focus group interviews. There was a 10.2% increase in the registered HF population after 6 months of follow‐up (n = 593) compared with baseline (n = 538) and a 27% increase in objectified HF diagnoses (baseline n = 359 to 456 at T6 M). Natriuretic peptide testing (with or without referral) accounted for 54% (n = 60/111) of the newly registered HF diagnoses. There was no difference in the proportion of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction who received their target dosage of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors or beta‐blockers at 6 months compared with baseline (P = 0.9). Patients who received an HF nurse intervention (n = 53) had significantly worse quality of life at baseline [difference in Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) score 9.2 points; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.0, 14] and had a significantly greater improvement in quality‐of‐life scores at the 6 month follow‐up [change in MLHFQ score −9.8 points; 95% CI −15, −4.5] than patients without an HF nurse intervention. GPs found audit and feedback valuable but time intensive. Natriuretic peptides were useful, but the point‐of‐care test was impractical, and the assistance of an HF nurse was a useful addition to routine HF care.ConclusionsThe use of audit and feedback combined with natriuretic peptide testing was a successful strategy to increase the number of registered and objectified HF diagnoses at 6 months. GPs and HF nurses selected patients with worse quality‐of‐life scores at baseline for the HF nurse intervention, which led to a significantly greater improvement in quality‐of‐life scores at the 6 month follow‐up compared with patients without an HF nurse intervention. The interventions were deemed feasible and useful by the participating GPs with some specific remarks that can be used for optimization.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02905786), registered on 14 September 2016 at https://clinicaltrials.gov/.
ACC/AHA/HFSA 2022 and ESC 2021 guidelines on heart failure comparison
Authors: Behnoush Amir Hossein , Khalaji Amirmohammad , Naderi Nasim , Ashraf Haleh , von Haehling Stephan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe 2022 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Failure Society of America (ACC/AHA/HFSA) and the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) both provide evidence‐based guides for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure (HF). In this review, we aimed to compare recommendations suggested by these guidelines highlighting the differences and latest evidence mentioned in each of the guidelines. While the staging of HF depends on left ventricular ejection fraction, the Universal Definition of HF, suggested in 2021, is described in 2022 ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines. Both guidelines recommend invasive and non‐invasive tests to diagnose. Despite being identical in the backbone, some differences exist in medical therapy and devices, which can be partially attributed to the recent trials published that are presented in the American guidelines. The recommendation of implantable cardioverter defibrillator for prevention in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients, made by ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines, is among the bold differences. It seems that ACC/AHA/HFSA guidelines emphasize the quality of life, cost‐effectiveness, and optimization of care given to patients. On the other hand, the ESC guidelines provide recommendations for certain comorbidities. This comparison can guide clinicians in choosing the proper approach for their own settings and the writing committees in addressing the differences in order to have better consistency in future guidelines.
Differences in Oxidative Stability, Sensory Properties, and Volatile Compounds of Pepper Aromatized Sunflower Oils Prepared by Different Methods during Accelerated Storage
Authors: Yang Haoduo , Dong Ying , Wang Dongying , Wang Xuede 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe study aims to compare the differences in the oxidative stability, sensory properties, and volatile compounds during accelerated storage of pepper aromatized sunflower oil (PASO) samples prepared by maceration method (PASO‐M), co‐pressing method (PASO‐C), and direct addition method (PASO‐A), respectively. The results exhibit that their oxidative stability is in the relative order: PASO‐A > PASO‐C > PASO‐M. Meanwhile, the PASO‐A sample is the most preferable aromatized sunflower oil by consumers according to sensory analysis. In addition, a total of 83 volatile compounds are identified in the three PASO samples during the storage, and the principal component analysis (PCA) shows that their volatile compounds are quite different at the initial stage of the storage. Still, they are similar among each other from the middle of storage period. As consequence, the aromatized sunflower oil sample prepared by the direct‐addition method during the storage possesses better oxidative stability and sensory attributes, and there is not much difference among their volatile compounds, indicating that the aromatized sunflower oil prepared by direct‐addition method can be developed as promising aromatized sunflower oil.Practical applications: This study shows that aromatization increases oxidative stability and sensory properties of sunflower oil. By this way some sunflower oils with special sensory properties are obtained: special smell and taste, special color, etc. These peppers aromatized sunflower oils can be used to increase taste and smell in some dishes. For example, they can be used in some salads and some roast meats to give more taste and color.
Theoretical Study on Chiral Boron Complex‐Promoted Asymmetric Diels‐Alder Cycloadditions
Authors: Georgieva Miglena K. , Santos A. Gil 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Diels‐Alder reaction is a very interesting process that has been deeply studied in its achiral version. More recently, in its chiral version, it has also been the focus of many experimental and theoretical reports. Here, we study the Diels‐Alder reaction of 2′‐hydroxychalcones, as dienophiles, with two dienes, catalyzed by chiral organo‐boron Lewis acid complexes. We theoretically evaluate the mechanism that has been empirically proposed in the literature, and we clarify several results that didn't allow the full rationalization of the experimental data. Therefore, we show that similar ligands in the complexes lead to quite different enantioselectivities, due to different steric interactions with the attacking diene. In addition, we also conclude that the low endo/exo selectivities result from two opposite effects in the Diels‐Alder transition states of the endo pathways, which substantially increase their activation energy, reaching values very similar to those calculated for the exo transition state structures.
Bladder cancer tissue‐derived exosomes suppress ferroptosis of T24 bladder cancer cells by transporting miR‐217
Authors: Huang Zhong‐Ming , Wang Hai , Ji Zhi‐Gang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt has been reported that miR‐217 can inhibit the oncogenic activity and progression of bladder cancer (BCa) cells, but it has not been explored whether miR‐217 is involved in the regulation of ferroptosis. In the present study, RNA transfection, real‐time PCR, flow cytometry, Western blotting assays, immunofluorescence and ELISA were performed to explore the effects and mechanisms of miR‐217 in BCa tissue‐derived exosomes. We found that extracellular fluid from bladder cancer tissue promoted the growth and miR‐217 expression of T24 cells and inhibited ferroptosis. MiR‐217 was confirmed to inhibit ferroptosis in bladder cancer cells by RNA interference and functional assays. By cell membrane fluorescence probe (CM‐Dil) labeling, inhibiting exosome secretion by GW4689 and exosome extraction, we determined that BCa tissue‐derived exosomes transport miR‐217 into T24 cells. Culture of T24 cells with extracellular fluid after RNA interference showed that exosomes carrying miR‐217 derived from BCa tissues inhibited ferroptosis of T24 cells. We conclude that bladder cancer tissue‐derived exosomes inhibit ferroptosis of T24 bladder cancer cells by transporting miR‐217. The results of our study provide a new insight into the progression of bladder cancer.
REDS: Random ensemble deep spatial prediction
Authors: Daw Ranadeep , Wikle Christopher K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere has been a great deal of recent interest in the development of spatial prediction algorithms for very large datasets and/or prediction domains. These methods have primarily been developed in the spatial statistics community, but there has been growing interest in the machine learning community for such methods, primarily driven by the success of deep Gaussian process regression approaches and deep convolutional neural networks. These methods are often computationally expensive to train and implement and consequently, there has been a resurgence of interest in random projections and deep learning models based on random weights—so called reservoir computing methods. Here, we combine several of these ideas to develop the random ensemble deep spatial (REDS) approach to predict spatial data. The procedure uses random Fourier features as inputs to an extreme learning machine (a deep neural model with random weights), and with calibrated ensembles of outputs from this model based on different random weights, it provides a simple uncertainty quantification. The REDS method is demonstrated on simulated data and on a classic large satellite data set.
Basal ganglia dysplasia and mTORopathy: A potential cause of postoperative seizures in focal cortical dysplasia
Authors: Lee Wei Shern , Macdonald‐Laurs Emma , Stephenson Sarah E M , D'Arcy Colleen , MacGregor Duncan , Leventer Richard J , Maixner Wirginia , Harvey A Simon , Lockhart Paul J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPathogenic somatic MTOR variants in the cerebral cortex are a frequent cause of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). We describe a child with drug and surgery‐resistant focal epilepsy due to FCD type II who developed progressive enlargement and T2 signal hyperintensity in the ipsilateral caudate and lentiform nuclei. Histopathology of caudate nucleus biopsies showed dysmorphic neurons, similar to those in resected cortex. Genetic analysis of frontal and temporal cortex and caudate nucleus identified a pathogenic somatic MTOR variant [NM_004958.4:c.4375G > C (p.Ala1459Pro)] that was not present in blood‐derived gDNA. The mean variant allele frequency ranged from 0.4% to 3.2% in cerebral cortex and up to 5.4% in the caudate nucleus. The basal ganglia abnormalities suggest more widespread, potentially hemispheric dysplasia in this patient, consistent with the pathogenic variant occurring in early cerebral development. This finding provides a potential explanation for persistent seizures in some patients with seemingly complete resection of FCD or disconnection of a dysplastic hemisphere.
An ensemble clustering method based on consistency cluster consensus approach and MapReduce model
Authors: Liu Chao , Liu Shuai , Osmani Amjad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnsemble clustering is an efficient unsupervised learning technique that has attracted a lot of attention. The purpose of this technique is to aggregate the results of several basic clustering algorithms in order to create a better clustering. This is not only possible, but has been developed with many techniques in recent years. However, there are still challenges such as similarity measure, agreement function and how to implement clustering algorithms. To address these challenges, this article proposes an ensemble clustering algorithm based on the consistency cluster consensus approach and the MapReduce model. In addition, the proposed algorithm is equipped with a new membership similarity measure. The consistency cluster consensus is defined as a new agreement function for the consensus of the results of the basic clustering methods. Besides, the proposed similarity measure consists of two factors: one is cluster similarity and the another is membership similarity. The process of the proposed ensemble clustering method is summarized in four steps. In the first step, partitions are generated by applying a number of individual clustering algorithms to the data. The second step is to convert the primary clusters from the partitions to a binary representation. The third step is to identify the candidate primary clusters for the consensus, where a subset with highest similarity between the clusters is emphasized. In the fourth step, the consistency cluster consensus is performed through a new agreement function. In addition, we use the MapReduce model to implement basic clustering algorithms to reduce computational complexity. Our method is evaluated on several real‐world datasets and their performance was compared with other clustering ensemble methods, such as TWCE and RDPC‐DSS. Experiments show that our method is more efficient and accurate and is 7% to 15% better than the best method compared.