bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the genetic structure between and within two landlocked Ayu groups with different migration patterns in Lake Biwa revealed by environmental DNA analysis
Authors: Tsuji Satsuki , Shibata Naoki , Sawada Hayato , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAyu (Plecoglossus altivelis) is largely an annual amphidromous fish, although a landlocked population lives in Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan. The landlocked population comprises two migrant groups, spring migrants and autumn migrants, which run to inlet rivers from the lake at different seasons. We used environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis, which is reported to be more sensitive and cost‐effective than capture surveys, to clarify the genetic structure of this landlocked Ayu population with different migration patterns in Lake Biwa. We took water samples in 11 inlet rivers in the spring and autumn for 2 years in a row and quantitatively detected a total of 265 haplotypes of the mitochondrial D‐loop region. The pairwise fixation index (FST) value and haplotype diversity indicated that there were genetic differences between the two migrant groups in their respective rivers, and the FST values were negatively related to latitude and the presence of artificial fish stocking. Additionally, isolation by distance within spring migrant group was observed when the lake was divided into the east and west sides. These findings show that the landlocked Ayu population in Lake Biwa has genetic structure associated with migration patterns and geographical distance. This study demonstrates that the eDNA approach will be effective for conducting a large‐scale investigation of genetic structure beyond simple presence/absence tests.
Microwave‐Assisted Bleaching of Olive Pomace Oil: Optimization of Bleaching Parameters and Comparison with Conventionally Bleached Oil
Authors: Seçilmiş Şakir Selçuk , Yanık Derya Koçak , Fadıloğlu Sibel , Göğüş Fahrettin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this research, microwave‐assisted bleaching of olive pomace oil is studied under different conditions. Microwave power, mixing time, and adsorbent dosage are optimized using the response surface central composite design, where the optimum conditions are 102 W, 20.07 min, and 4.15%, respectively. The microwave‐bleached oil is compared with the conventionally bleached oil in terms of color, oxidation parameters, sterol composition, and benzo[a]pyrene content. Microwave‐assisted bleaching of the olive pomace oil is performed by using 17% less adsorbent in an 83% shorter time compared to the conventional method. A bleaching performance comparable to the conventional method is achieved using the microwave‐assisted bleaching technique. Microwave‐assisted bleaching can thus be used as an alternative method for the bleaching of olive pomace oil.Practical applications: The microwave‐assisted bleaching method presents attractive advantages, including a shorter bleaching time and a lower amount of adsorbent used. In this respect, the current research contributes toward the conventional bleaching method in the vegetable oil refinery industry and creates a paradigm for future studies on the bleaching of vegetable oils.
Bisphenols induce human genomic damage and modulate HERVs/env expression
Authors: Ruberto Stefano , Santovito Alfredo , Simula Elena R. , Noli Marta , Manca Maria A. , Sechi Leonardo A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA), a recognized endocrine‐disrupting chemical, is used in the production of epoxy and polycarbonate resins. Since human exposure to BPA has been associated with increased cancer susceptibility, the market has shifted to products often labeled as “BPA free” containing BPA analogs such as bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS). However, the European legislation on BPF and BPS is still unclear. This study analyzed the effects of BPA, BPF, and BPS exposure on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by using in vitro micronucleus assay. Furthermore, it investigated the impact of bisphenols exposure on human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) expression, which is implicated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. The micronucleus assay revealed a significant genotoxic effect in peripheral blood cells after exposure to BPA and BPF at concentrations of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.025 μg/ml, and to BPS at 0.1 and 0.05 μg/ml. In addition, BPA exposure seems to upregulate the expression of HERVs, while a downregulation was observed after BPF and BPS treatments. Overall, our data showed the toxic effect of BPA and its analogs on circulating cells in the blood and demonstrated that they could modulate the HERVs expression.
The influence of bedrock river morphology and alluvial cover on gravel entrainment: Part 1. Pivot angles and surface roughness
Authors: Buechel Marcus E. H. , Hodge Rebecca A. , Kenmare Sophie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSediment entrainment in bedrock rivers is a key process for river incision and landscape evolution. Bedrock riverbeds are typically comprised of both exposed bedrock and alluvial patches, meaning grains can be entrained from positions on both surfaces. The critical shear stress needed to entrain a grain will be affected by the topography that the grain is located on, as it determines grain pivot angle and exposure, and impacts the local flow profile. The aim of this pair of articles is to determine how the properties of bedrock surfaces with and without sediment cover affect the grain‐scale geometry of sediment grains, and consequently their critical shear stress. We report experiments using 3D‐printed scaled replicas of fluvial bedrock surfaces, with 0 to 100% additional sediment cover. For each surface, grain pivot angles were measured using a tilt table. In this first article, we report how surface roughness and grain pivot angle vary between surfaces and with different amounts of sediment cover, and we explore the relationship between pivot angles and different metrics for measuring surface roughness. We find that: (1) surface roughness is not necessarily a linear combination of the individual roughness of bedrock and alluvial areas, and the underlying bedrock topography can still influence surface roughness at 100% sediment cover; (2) pivot angles generally, but not always, decrease with increasing grain size relative to surface roughness; (3) changes in pivot angles with increasing sediment cover are best explained by changes in surface roughness at spatial scales comparable to the grain size; and (4) pivot angles are also best explained by roughness metrics that incorporate the direction of roughness with respect to the tilt direction, and the surface inclination. This work provides new insights into the processes behind grain entrainment in bedrock rivers that are critical for determining how landscapes may evolve.
A review of energy management optimization based on the equivalent consumption minimization strategy for fuel cell hybrid power systems
Authors: Zhang Huabang , Li Qin , Wang Hongqiang , Li Qingyu , Qin Guofeng , Wu Qiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe high global demand for fossil fuels and resulting climate‐change effects due to air pollution have led to the rapid development of renewable energy sources. Battery and proton exchange membrane fuel cells have high power densities and high energy, and supercapacitors can provide peak power. These devices have the advantages of high thermal efficiencies and no carbon emissions during use, which have far‐reaching applications in the fields of hybrid vehicles and ships. To compensate for the slow dynamic response of fuel cells, batteries or supercapacitors are often used as auxiliary power sources to form hybrid powertrains in practice. Therefore, to take full advantage of the hybrid system, energy coordination between multiple energy sources using an energy management strategy is important. The equivalent consumption minimization strategy has been widely investigated due to its simplicity, small operation, good control, and real‐time optimization. In this paper, the topologies of fuel cell hybrid power systems are first systematically classified and characterized. Then, the calculation of equivalent hydrogen consumption for a battery, fuel cell, and supercapacitor is reviewed. To reduce overall hydrogen consumption and extend the life of fuel cells and batteries, an equivalent hydrogen consumption minimization strategy is applied to the energy management of hydrogen fuel power systems.
Pertuzumab study in the neoadjuvant setting for HER2‐positive nonmetastatic breast cancer in Australia (PeRSIA)
Authors: Lok Sheau Wen , De Boer Richard , Baron‐Hay Sally , Button Peter , Devitt Bianca , Forster Benjamin C. , Fox Peter , Harold Michael , Ketheeswaran Sahisha , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Kiely Belinda E. , Marx Gavin , Nott Louise , Pellegrini Laura , Tafreshi Ali , Gibbs Peter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe pertuzumab study in the neoadjuvant setting for HER2+ nonmetastatic breast cancer in Australia (PeRSIA—ML39622) is an analysis of safety and effectiveness data from the pertuzumab patient registry. Although the prognosis of patients with early stage HER2+ breast cancer has been greatly improved by advances in chemotherapy approximately 25% to 30% of patients develop recurrent disease. Our study aimed to examine the effectiveness of neoadjuvant pertuzumab on surgical outcomes, describe the medium‐term effectiveness outcomes of patients treated with pertuzumab, and describe the planned and actual anticancer treatment regimens that patients received. Deidentified data were collected from the patients' medical records and entered into REDCap, between March 2018 and July 2019 (n = 95). The adverse events (AEs) reported most frequently were diarrhea (20; 21.1%), rash (4; 4.2%), and LVSD (4; 4.2%; two patients during neoadjuvant treatment and two patients during adjuvant treatment). AEs, ≥Grade 3 were diarrhea (2; 2.1%) and LVSD (1; 1.1%). Following surgery, a breast pathological complete response (bpCR) was achieved in 65 patients (70.7%; 95% CI: 60.2%‐79.7%) and total pathological complete response (tpCR) in 59 patients (64.1%; 95% CI: 53.4%‐73.9%). All patients who did not achieve a tpCR obtained a partial response (33/92, 35.9%). Our study is the first to capture real‐world data on the use of pertuzumab in the neoadjuvant setting in Australia. The effectiveness and safety data are consistent with those reported in clinical trials of pertuzumab in patients with HER2+ breast cancer, with no new safety concerns.
Phenotype, genotype, and mating type determination in oral Candida albicans isolates from pediatric patients with neutropenia
Authors: Jafarian Hadis , Gharaghani Maral , Asnafi Ali Amin , Hardani Amir Kamal , Zarei‐Mahmoudabadi Ali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe most frequent species of Candida to infect and colonize patients with neutropenia is still Candida albicans. This study aimed to provide detailed information on the phenotype, genotype, and mating type of oral C. albicans isolated from neutropenic pediatric patients, and to investigate how these characteristics are related.MethodsTwo hundred fifty‐four oral samples from patients under 18 years old with neutropenia and malignancies were collected from January to October 2021. Samples were cultured on CHROMagar Candida. Isolates of C. albicans were identified with the germ tube test, chlamydospore production on cornmeal agar, and PCR‐RFLP. Genotyping of C. albicans isolates was carried out by amplifying the 25S rDNA gene with specific CAINT‐L and CA‐INT‐R primers. MTLa1 and MTLα1 primers were used to identify each mating type. Yeast peptone dextrose supplemented with phloxine B was used to identify different phenotypes.ResultsNinety‐two (36%) patients were positive for C. albicans. The mean age of patients was 7.85. Fifty‐three (58.9%) isolates demonstrated type A, 15 (16.7%) type B, 15 (16.7%) types D/E, and 7 (7.7%) type C. Three isolates each (3.3%) were homozygous for MTLa or homozygous for MTLα. All of the MTL‐homozygous isolates were genotype A. There was a significant correlation between patients' underlying disease and genotype (p = 0.036). There was a significant correlation between mating type and genotype (p = 0.000).ConclusionMost of the isolates exhibited a white phenotype, noted in the literature as the most virulent. Moreover, heterozygous strains were frequent and may play a role in Candida colonization.
Making an H $H$‐free graph k $k$‐colorable
Authors: Fox Jacob , Himwich Zoe , Mani Nitya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the following question: How few edges can we delete from any ‐free graph on vertices to make the resulting graph ‐colorable? It turns out that various classical problems in extremal graph theory are special cases of this question. For any fixed odd cycle, we determine the answer up to a constant factor when is sufficiently large. We also prove an upper bound when is a fixed clique that we conjecture is tight up to a constant factor, and prove upper bounds for more general families of graphs. We apply our results to get a new bound on the maximum cut of graphs with a forbidden odd cycle in terms of the number of edges.
Social risk, health inequity, and patient safety
Authors: Boisvert Susan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocial factors that affect health are called social determinants. Social determinants may also carry risk, known as social risk. Management and patient safety professionals understand health care and enterprise risk. Social risk may add a new dimension for some. Social risks are probably amenable to the strategies patient safety and risk management professionals already employ, such as enterprise risk management, a culture of safety, and just culture. A large body of evidence suggests that social risks, particularly literacy and discrimination, strongly affect patient safety and well‐being. This paper examines the relationship between social determinants of health and social risks and considers how health care organizations might address literacy and discrimination from the perspective of patient safety and risk management.
Wave digital model of calcium‐imaging‐based neuronal activity of mice
Authors: Jenderny Sebastian , Ochs Karlheinz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe modeling of real neuronal networks by close‐to‐biology circuits can contribute to a better understanding of these networks from a circuit theoretical point of view. This can potentially lead to novel design principles for electrical circuits. This modeling process involves the mimicking of real measured neuronal activity, which is often only available as calcium imaging recordings. In this work, we develop a wave digital model as a circuit emulator capable of mimicking the calcium‐imaging‐based neuronal activity of mouse neurons. For this purpose, we design an electrical reference circuit of a mouse neuron based on an extended Morris–Lecar model in combination with an RC circuit. The circuit parameters are determined by a parameter scaling without requiring any parameter optimization. The input signal of the resulting wave digital model is designed based on estimating spike times with the spike inference software MLspike. Wave digital emulations show the successful mimicking of calcium‐based neuronal activity for mouse neurons located in the visual, motor and somatosensory cortex as well the possibility to predict ion currents occurring during this activity. This proves the suitability of the reference circuit as a model for the considered types of mouse neurons. It also implies that the circuit can act as an observer for electrical signals of mouse neurons. This is achieved despite the lack of electrophysiological measurements in most cases. Hence, the proposed wave digital model can be seen as an important step toward being able to verify close‐to‐biology electrical circuits as a model of real neuronal networks without electrophysiology.
Radiomic phenotype of epicardial adipose tissue in the prognosis of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with lone atrial fibrillation
Authors: Ilyushenkova Julia , Sazonova Svetlana , Popov Evgeny , Zavadovsky Konstantin , Batalov Roman , Archakov Evgeny , Moskovskih Tatyana , Popov Sergey , Minin Stanislav , Romanov Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been considered as one of the probable triggers of atrial fibrillation (AF). CT‐rediomics is a perspective noninvasive method of assessment of EAT. We evaluate the radiomic phenotype of EAT in patients with lone AF in the prognosis of AF recurrence after catheter ablation.MethodsA total of 43 patients with lone AF referred for CA and 20 out‐hospital patients without arrhythmia underwent multidetector computed tomography coronary angiography. Segmentation of EAT and extraction radiomic features were performed on calcium scoring series using by 3D‐Slicer. Clinical follow‐up was performed for 12 months period after the CA.ResultsEAT in patients with lone AF had a distinct radiomic phenotype. Thus, 45 of 93 calculated radiomic features, volume and attenuation of EAT were significantly different between patients with lone AF and persons without any arrhythmia. In addition, 17 radiomic features were significantly different in subgroups with and without AF recurrence. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that only gray level nonuniformity normalized (GLSZM) was an independent predictor of AF recurrence (OR 1.0027, 95%CI 1.0009–1.0044, p = 0.002). ROC analysis data showed that GLSZM >1227.4 indicates high probability of AF recurrence during 12 months (sensitivity 89.4%, specificity 70.8%, AUC: 0.809; p = 0.001).ConclusionThe radiomic parameter GLSZM is associated with late AF recurrence after CA in patients with lone AF. In current study GLSZM was a stronger predictor of lone AF recurrence in multivariate analysis comparing with other established risk factors and EAT volume and attenuation.
Boosting the Upconversion and Near‐Infrared Emission via Alloying Bi3+ in Cs2NaErCl6 Double Perovskite
Authors: Xu Xin , Han Peigeng , Zheng Daoyuan , Du Kaimin , Li Chunxia , Liu Feng , Zhang Ruiling , Han Keli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRecently, lanthanide‐doped halide perovskites have attracted increasing attention due to their unique optical properties, such as upconversion (UC) and near‐infrared (NIR) emission. However, these emitters suffer from low efficiency, limiting further practical applications. Herein, a Bi3+‐alloyed double perovskite, Cs2NaEr0.5Bi0.5Cl6, with strong NIR‐triggered UC and NIR‐II (1000–1700 nm) emission is reported. Cs2NaEr0.5Bi0.5Cl6 exhibits efficient green UC emission with a high quantum yield up to 2.1% and NIR‐II emission peaking at 1541 nm with a quantum yield of 37.9% under 980 nm excitation. The strong UC emission is related with the efficient energy transfer between Er3+ and self‐trapped exciton states induced by corporation of Bi3+ ions. In addition, Bi3+ ions can act as diluters, suppressing the energy loss caused by undesirable successive energy transfer among Er3+ ions, enhancing the UC and NIR‐II emission. Furthermore, a water‐resistant Cs2NaEr0.5Bi0.5Cl6/polydimethylsiloxane film is prepared. Excitingly, Cs2NaEr0.5Bi0.5Cl6 not only shows the potential as a UC thermometry with high sensitivity but also exhibits a high signal to noise ratio in NIR imaging.
A compact non‐formal closed G2manifold with b1=1$b_1=1$
Authors: Martín‐Merchán Lucía 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe construct a compact manifold with a closed G2structure not admitting any torsion‐free G2structure, which is non‐formal and has first Betti number . We develop a method of resolution for orbifolds that arise as a quotient withMa closed G2manifold under the assumption that the singular locus carries a nowhere‐vanishing closed 1‐form.
X‐chromosomal inactivation patterns in women with Fabry disease
Authors: Wagenhäuser Laura , Rickert Vanessa , Sommer Claudia , Wanner Christoph , Nordbeck Peter , Rost Simone , Üçeyler Nurcan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the α‐galactosidase A gene (GLA), women may develop severe symptoms. We investigated X‐chromosomal inactivation patterns (XCI) as a potential determinant of symptom severity in FD women.Patients and MethodsWe included 95 women with mutations in GLA (n = 18 with variants of unknown pathogenicity) and 50 related men, and collected mouth epithelial cells, venous blood, and skin fibroblasts for XCI analysis using the methylation status of the androgen receptor gene. The mutated X‐chromosome was identified by comparison of samples from relatives. Patients underwent genotype categorization and deep clinical phenotyping of symptom severity.Results43/95 (45%) women carried mutations categorized as classic. The XCI pattern was skewed (i.e., ≥75:25% distribution) in 6/87 (7%) mouth epithelial cell samples, 31/88 (35%) blood samples, and 9/27 (33%) skin fibroblast samples. Clinical phenotype, α‐galactosidase A (GAL) activity, and lyso‐Gb3 levels did not show intergroup differences when stratified for X‐chromosomal skewing and activity status of the mutated X‐chromosome.ConclusionsX‐inactivation patterns alone do not reliably reflect the clinical phenotype of women with FD when investigated in biomaterial not directly affected by FD. However, while XCI patterns may vary between tissues, blood frequently shows skewing of XCI patterns.
Calorie Restriction Enhanced Glycogen Metabolism to Compensate for Lipid Insufficiency
Authors: Hu Lili , Xia Xinyi , Zong Yue , Gu Yunjie , Wei Li , Yin Jun 
Published: August 2022

ScopeThis study aims to investigate the metabolic phenotype and mechanism of 40% calorie restriction (CR) in mice.Methods and resultsCR mice exhibit super‐stable blood glucose, as evidenced by increased fasting blood glucose (FBG), decreased postprandial blood glucose, and reduced glucose fluctuations. Additionally, both fasting plasma insulin and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance increase significantly in CR mice. Compared with control, the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates‐1 and serine/threonine kinase decreases in liver and fat but increases in muscle of CR mice after insulin administration, indicating hepatic and adipose insulin resistance, and muscle insulin sensitization. CR reduces visceral fat much more than subcutaneous fat. The elevated FBG is negatively correlated with low‐level fasting β‐hydroxybutyrate, which may result from insufficient free fatty acids and diminishes ketogenic ability in CR mice. Furthermore, liver glycogen increases dramatically in CR mice. Analysis of glycogen metabolism related proteins indicates active glycogen synthesis and decomposition. Additionally, CR elevates plasma corticosterone and hypothalamic orexigenic gene expression.ConclusionCR induces lipid insufficiency and stress, resulting in global physiological insulin resistance except muscle and enhances glycogen metabolism, culminating in the stability of blood glucose manifests in increased FBG, which compensates for insufficient blood ketones.