bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTIDEPRESSANT SCREENING OF LITHIUM CARBONATE IN THE PRESENCE OF PHENYTOIN USING A FORCED SWIMMING MAZE IN ALBINO MICE
Authors: Aburawi Suhera , Saad Shaban , ALgrabli Amel 
Published: January 2025

Lithium was introduced into modern psychiatric medicine; in 1970, Lithium was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of manic illness; later in 1974 is used for the prevention of manic-depressive illness. Aim of the study: To find out the effect of lithium on mental depression in the presence of phenytoin as a sodium channel blocker, using mice Methods: Male albino mice weighing between 25-40g are used. A forced swimming maze is used to screen for the effect of Lithium on mental depression. Drugs subacute administration is applied. Results: Lithium or phenytoin administration, each alone produces an antidepressant effect. While subacute administration of combined treatment of lithium and phenytoin produces an antidepressant effect less than the additive action of both lithium and phenytoin. Conclusion: Lithium has an antidepressant effect; also, phenytoin administration produces antidepressant action. Administration of phenytoin and lithium together, leads to a decrease in the pharmacological effect of each, as antidepressant, due to their interaction. Therefore, patients receiving the combined treatment of phenytoin and lithium should be under observation. Also, the free (unbound) phenytoin and lithium levels should be measured under medical control.
Transformasi Digital Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah dalam Mewujudkan Agile government pada Reformasi Birokrasi 4.0
Authors: Rahmadany Andi Fitri 
Published: January 2025

Berbagai persoalan dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah yang belum optimal menghambat efektivitas, efisiensi, transparansi dan akuntabilitas penyelenggaraan pelayanan publik. Dengan demikian, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana transformasi digital dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah dapat mendukung terciptanya agile government dalam konteks reformasi birokrasi 4.0. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan desain studi literatur dengan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi digital keuangan daerah belum optimal, masih terhambat oleh kurangnya pemahaman dan pelatihan bagi aparat, serta ketimpangan infrastruktur teknologi, dan tantangan seperti resistensi terhadap perubahan dan kurangnya infrastruktur. Secara keseluruhan, transformasi digital dan agile government saling mendukung dalam upaya reformasi birokrasi dan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan publik di Indonesia. Pendekatan strategis untuk mengoptimalkan transformasi digital pengelolaan keuangan daerah dalam mewujudkan agile government reformasi birokrasi 4.0 secara garis besar menekankan pada penciptaan kultur birokrasi baru yang sigap, tangkas dan cerdas, SDM yang kompeten, program kerja yang efektif dan cepat memperoleh hasil yang maksimal yang didukung oleh integrasi teknologi di dalamnya. Pendekatan tersebut direpresentasikan melalui inovasi teknologi, kolaborasi, fokus pada kualitas pelayanan publik, pelatihan, keberlanjutan dan adaptasi, serta monitoring dan evaluasi berkala. Maka direkomendasikan pemerintah daerah perlu secara kolaboratif membentuk forum percepatan transformasi digital pengelolaan keuangan daerah lintas stakeholder dengan melibatkan partisipasi berbagai elemen masyarakat
Multi-objective optimization of structured material parameters for reducing broadband aircraft noise across various frequencies
Authors: Kone Tenon Charly , Ghinet Sebastian , Panneton Raymond , Grewal Anant 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionControlling broadband noise across the entire frequency spectrum, from low to high frequencies, remains a critical challenge in aerospace, transportation, and construction industries. Current acoustic metamaterials are effective primarily for low-frequency noise but suffer from narrow-band resonances that limit their application for broader-band noise attenuation.MethodsThis study introduces an innovative structured material system comprising a parallel assembly of structured materials and Helmholtz Resonators embedded within a fiberglass layer. A multi-objective optimization approach based on a surrogate model was employed to fine-tune the parameters of each structured material. The optimization process allowed precise grouping of individual resonant frequencies, thereby broadening the effective resonance frequency band to address low- and high-frequency noise.ResultsThe proposed structured material system demonstrated significant broadband noise attenuation across a wide frequency range. The optimized configuration achieved effective noise reduction while adhering to practical implementation constraints, providing a feasible solution for industrial applications.DiscussionThis study underscores the importance of optimization in advancing noise control technologies. By overcoming the limitations of narrow-band resonances, the proposed approach achieves effective broadband noise attenuation, addressing critical challenges in aerospace, transportation, and construction. The integration of structured materials and Helmholtz Resonators, optimized using a surrogate model, broadens the resonance frequency band while meeting practical implementation requirements. These results highlight a viable and impactful solution for noise control across diverse industries.
Design of a wasp-inspired biopsy needle capable of self-propulsion and friction-based tissue transport
Authors: Bloemberg Jette , van Wees Suzanne , Kortman Vera G. , Sakes Aimée 
Published: January 2025

Percutaneous pancreatic core biopsy is conclusive but challenging due to large-diameter needles, while smaller-diameter needles used in aspiration methods suffer from buckling and clogging. Inspired by the ovipositor of parasitic wasps, which resists buckling through self-propulsion and prevents clogging via friction-based transport, research has led to the integration of these functionalities into multi-segment needle designs or tissue transport system designs. This study aimed to combine these wasp-inspired functionalities into a single biopsy needle by changing the interconnection of the needle segments. The resulting biopsy needle features six parallel needle segments interconnected by a ring passing through slots along the length of the needle segments, enabling a wasp-inspired reciprocating motion. Actuation employs a cam and follower mechanism for controlled translation of the segments. The needle prototype, constructed from nitinol rods and stainless steel rings, measures 3 mm in outer diameter and 1 mm in inner diameter. Testing in gelatin phantoms demonstrated efficient gelatin core transport (up to 69.9% ± 9.1% transport efficiency) and self-propulsion (0.842 ± 0.042 slip ratio). Future iterations should aim to reduce the outer diameter while maintaining tissue yield. The design offers a promising new avenue for wasp-inspired medical tools, potentially enhancing early pancreatic cancer detection, thus reducing healthcare costs and patient complications.
Hyodeoxycholic acid inhibits colorectal cancer proliferation through the FXR/EREG/EGFR axis
Authors: Pang Qiang , Huang Shansong , Li Xiaodong , Cao Jiaqing 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe high morbidity and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been a public health concern globally, and the search for additional therapeutic options is imminent. Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) has been receiving attention in recent years and has demonstrated potent efficacy in several diseases. Nonetheless, the antitumor effects and molecular pathways of HDCA in CRC remain largely unexplored.MethodsIn this study, we investigated how HDCA influences the growth potential of CRC cells using techniques such as flow cytometry, Edu assay, CCK-8, colony formation assay, Western blot analysis, and animal experiments.ResultsIt was found that HDCA treatment of CRC cells was able to significantly inhibit the proliferative capacity of the cells. Furthermore, it was discovered that HDCA primarily stimulated Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) rather than Takeda G protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) to suppress CRC growth. It was also confirmed that HDCA inhibited the Epiregulin (EREG)/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway by activating FXR, and a negative correlation between FXR and EREG was analyzed in CRC tissue samples. Finally, in vivo animal studies confirmed that HDCA inhibited CRC proliferation without hepatotoxicity.ConclusionOur findings indicate that HDCA suppresses the EREG/EGFR signaling route by activating FXR, thereby hindering the growth of CRC cells and demonstrating a tumor-inhibiting effect in CRC. This study may provide a new therapeutic strategy to improve the prognosis of CRC.
Increased rate of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections in hospitalized immunocompromised pediatric patients
Authors: Khafaja Sarah , Salameh Yara , Boutros Celina F. , Awad Cherine , Faour Kawthar , Tfaily Nadim , Merhi Sarah , Zein Zeinab El , Karroum Samer Bou , Oweini Dana , Fayad Danielle , Araj George F. , Zakhour Ramia , Dbaibo Ghassan S. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionMultidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections are considered a major public health threat. Immunocompromised pediatric patients are at a great risk of severe or overwhelming infections. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in immunocompromised pediatric patients and to determine the risk factors. In addition, we aimed to identify the antimicrobial resistance patterns of these isolates.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective observational study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC) from 2009 to 2017. The study included immunocompromised patients 18 years of age or younger with infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria isolated from a sterile site, or nonsterile site in the setting of clinical infection.ResultsA total of 381 episodes of infection with GNB in 242 immunocompromised pediatric patients were identified. The mean age was 7.7 years. The most common pathogens were Enterobacterales followed by Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp. MDR GNB infections predominated causing 72% of the episodes, with alarming MDR rates among Escherichia coli (95.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (82.7%). The overall rate of MDR GNB isolated increased from 62.7% in 2015 to 90% in 2017. Thrombocytopenia, chemotherapy and previous colonization or infection with the same organism during the past 12 months were found to be independent risk factors for infection with MDR GNB.ConclusionThis study provides data on the epidemiology of infections with MDR GNB in immunocompromised pediatric patients and illustrates the alarmingly high prevalence of these infections. This necessitates the frequent revisiting of treatment guidelines in these high-risk patients and the implementation of judicious antimicrobial stewardship programs and infection control policies to stabilize or decrease the prevalence of these infections.
Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide - new insights into gut microbiota and male infertility through meta-analysis
Authors: Hao Yanan , Du Xin , Cai Chang , Zhao Yong , Ren Yonglin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAmmonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are produced during digestion in the human gut, yet the impact of these internally generated gases on male reproduction have received limited attention in scientific research.MethodsWe systematically reviewed 935 scientific publications, spanning from 1947 to 2023, focusing on external or internal NH3 and/or H2S, male infertility, and gut microbiota. Meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the summary relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of combined studies.ResultsOur findings revealed that the internal NH3 and/or H2S were negatively related to the Lactobacillus, which is beneficial to male fertility, whereas NH3 and H2S were positively related to Bacteroides, which showed negative effects on male fertility. The meta-analysis comparing Lactobacillus and Bacteroides levels with NH3 showed statistically significant results (p&lt;0.001).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis is the first to confirm these facts and explored the potential existence of a gut microbiota-inner gases-male fertility axis in the human gut.
Optimizing the production and efficacy of antimicrobial bioactive compounds from Streptomyces kanamyceticus in combating multi-drug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Shang Zifang , Sharma Vipasha , Pai Liu , Kumar Tarun , Patil Sandip 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has intensified the search for novel antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to isolate Streptomyces kanamyceticus from local soil samples and evaluate its antimicrobial properties, along with optimizing the production of bioactive compounds.MethodsSoil samples were collected from local regions, processed, and analysed for Streptomyces strains isolation using morphological characteristics and molecular identification through 16S rRNA gene PCR assay. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans using the double-layer method, while Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values were determined. The extracted compounds underwent Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis for functional group identification. Optimization of bioactive compound production was performed using a Central Composite Design (CCD) coupled with Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR).ResultsA total of 25 distinct Streptomyces strains were isolated, with seven confirmed as S. kanamyceticus. These strains exhibited antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zones reaching 30 mm and MIC values between 20 and 70 µg/mL. The extraction yielded 150-200 mL of bioactive compounds. Optimization studies revealed that a medium containing 10 g/L glucose and 10 g/L glycine max meal maximized antibiotic production.ConclusionThis study confirmed that S. kanamyceticus is a promising source of novel antibiotics. The combination of microbial isolation, antimicrobial testing, and statistical optimization successfully enhanced the production of bioactive compounds, contributing to the search for effective antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens.
Lung cancer and risk of cardiovascular mortality
Authors: Wang Chengshi , Wang Zhu , Yang Jing , Zhang Songbo , Zhang Purong , Yang Ye 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate the cardiovascular mortality risk among lung cancer patients compared to the general population.MethodsUsing data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, we conducted a population-based cohort study including 278,418 lung cancer patients aged over 30 years between 1 January 1990 and 31 December 2020 as well as the general population. Poisson regression was employed to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for cardiovascular mortality.ResultsPatients exhibited a significantly higher IRR of cardiovascular mortality risk compared to the general population [IRR 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–1.77]. The risk was most pronounced in patients aged 30–79 years (IRR 2.61, 95% CI 2.55–2.66), peaking at ages 30–34 years (IRR 48.93, 95% CI 21.98–108.92). Elevated cardiovascular mortality risks were observed across all subgroups, including diseases of the heart (IRR 1.79, 95% CI 1.75–1.82), cerebrovascular diseases (IRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.45–1.59), and other cardiovascular diseases (IRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.67–1.90). The first month after diagnosis presented the highest risk for patients aged 30–79 years (IRR 12.08, 95% CI 11.49–12.70) and ≥80 years (IRR 4.03, 95% CI 3.70–4.39). Clinical characteristics significantly modified cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionsIntegrating cardiovascular disease monitoring and proactive management into lung cancer treatment protocols is essential to the improvement of overall survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients, particularly those who were young or with advanced tumor stage.
Application-based remote interstage home monitoring for infants with shunt- or duct-dependent pulmonary perfusion
Authors: Rosenthal Lisa-Maria , Danne Friederike , de Belsunce Sophie , Spath Lisa , Badur Chiara-Aiyleen , Photiadis Joachim , Berger Felix , Schmitt Katharina 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveInterstage home monitoring (IHM) programs are considered standard of care after Norwood palliation and have led to substantial improvements in clinical outcomes. This study aims to evaluate an application-based remote IHM program for infants with shunt- or duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. The primary goals were to discharge infants from the hospital while minimizing mortality, optimizing somatic growth, and enhancing caregivers' confidence in the clinical management at home.MethodsInfants with shunt-dependent single ventricle physiology or complex biventricular physiology requiring staged palliation with aortopulmonary shunt were enrolled for the study. Caregivers completed a comprehensive education program on the clinical management of their child at home and were asked to remotely send monitoring data using an application. We analyzed demographic data and clinical outcomes; evaluated patient acceptance and adherence, as well as data entry patterns and metrics; and compared these to a historical control group monitored in a non-remote IHM program and with a propensity score-matched cohort adjusted for baseline characteristics.ResultsWe enrolled 30 infants in the remote IHM program between July 2021 and May 2024. The median duration of IHM was 110 days (IQR 75–140). A median of 353 (IQR 351–743) data entries were sent per patient during IHM of which 0.8% (IQR 0.3–1.9) were pathological. Readmissions (63%) and interventions (57%) were common, mainly due to cyanosis and infections. As all infants survived stage II palliation, interstage mortality could be reduced to 0% compared to 10.3% in the historical control group and was significantly lower compared to the propensity score-matched cohort with 14% (P = 0.032).ConclusionApplication-based remote IHM for infants with duct- or shunt-dependent pulmonary perfusion is feasible, with high acceptance and adherence. The program significantly reduced interstage mortality compared to traditional monitoring methods. Remote patient monitoring (RPM) improves communication between caregivers and healthcare teams, allowing for early intervention and optimized patient outcomes. RPM has the potential to improve outcomes, enhance patient safety, and reduce family burden in this high-risk population.
Three-dimensional aortic arch geometry and blood flow in neonates after surgical repair for aortic coarctation
Authors: Fricke Katrin , Christierson Lea , Heiberg Einar , Sjöberg Pia , Hedström Erik , Steiner Kristoffer , Weismann Constance G. , Töger Johannes , Liuba Petru 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundRecurrent coarctation of the aorta (re-CoA) is a well-known although not fully understood complication after surgical repair, typically occurring in 10%–20% of cases within months after discharge.ObjectivesTo (1) characterize geometry of the aortic arch and blood flow from pre-discharge magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neonates after CoA repair; and (2) compare these measures between patients that developed re-CoA within 12 months after repair and patients who did not.MethodsNeonates needing CoA repair, without associated major congenital heart defects, were included. Transthoracic echocardiography (echo) and 4D phase-contrast MRI were performed prior to discharge after CoA repair to assess 3D arch geometry, flow velocity and flow pattern in the distal aortic arch corresponding to the area at risk for re-CoA. Arch geometry was assessed by measuring angles of the aortic arch and its branches using 3D patient-specific geometries segmented from MRI. Continuous data are presented as median and interquartile range.ResultsThe median age at CoA surgery was 9 days. Four out of the included 28 patients (14%) developed re-CoA within the first 12 months after surgery. Re-CoA was associated with repair technique (lateral thoracotomy 100% vs. 33%, p = 0.02), higher postoperative isthmic flow velocity by echocardiography (1.9 [0. 9] m/s vs. 1.25 [0.5] m/s, p = 0.04) and postoperative crenel aortic arch (100% vs. 21%, p = 0.007) with a larger distance between the first and last branching points (12.6 [3.1] mm vs. 7.3 [7.0] mm; p = 0.01). A smaller angle between the ascending aorta and the brachiocephalic artery (89 [58]° vs. 122 [37]°, p = 0.05) and between the proximal aortic arch and the left carotid artery (75° vs. 97 [37]°, p = 0.04), with a more pronounced caliber change between the ascending aorta and the proximal (1.85 vs. 0.86 [0.76]; p = 0.03) and distal aortic arch (2.19 [2.42] vs. 1.01 [0.94]; p = 0.03) were observed in re-CoA patients. Patients who developed re-CoA had more left-handed helical flow in systole (p = 0.045), more right-handed helical flow in diastole (p = 0.02), and less vortical flow (p = 0.05).ConclusionSubtle changes in aortic arch geometry and flow pattern early after neonatal CoA repair may contribute to the risk of re-CoA.
Advanced AI-assisted panoramic radiograph analysis for periodontal prognostication and alveolar bone loss detection
Authors: Jundaeng Jarupat , Chamchong Rapeeporn , Nithikathkul Choosak 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the gingival tissues and supporting structures of the teeth, often leading to tooth loss. The condition begins with the accumulation of dental plaque, which initiates an immune response. Current radiographic methods for assessing alveolar bone loss are subjective, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. This study aims to develop an AI-driven model using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to accurately assess alveolar bone loss and provide individualized periodontal prognoses from panoramic radiographs.MethodsA total of 2,000 panoramic radiographs were collected using the same device, based on the periodontal diagnosis codes from the HOSxP Program. Image enhancement techniques were applied, and an AI model based on YOLOv8 was developed to segment teeth, identify the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), and assess alveolar bone levels. The model quantified bone loss and classified prognoses for each tooth.ResultsThe teeth segmentation model achieved 97% accuracy, 90% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and an F1 score of 0.80. The CEJ and bone level segmentation model showed superior results with 98% accuracy, 100% sensitivity, 98% specificity, and an F1 score of 0.90. These findings confirm the models' effectiveness in analyzing panoramic radiographs for periodontal bone loss detection and prognostication.ConclusionThis AI model offers a state-of-the-art approach for assessing alveolar bone loss and predicting individualized periodontal prognoses. It provides a faster, more accurate, and less labor-intensive alternative to current methods, demonstrating its potential for improving periodontal diagnosis and patient outcomes.