bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data fusion for automated driving: An introduction
Authors: Schreier Matthias 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Data fusion is one of the key ingredients of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving Systems (ADS). The article provides an introduction into the field by highlighting different possible data fusion categorizations and architectures alongside pros and cons. Benefits, limitations, and pitfalls of exemplary data fusion systems are presented, and the consequences of specific design choices discussed.
Fahrplanoptimierung von Windenergieanlagen ohne feste Einspeisevergütung
Authors: Fischer Boris 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Die steigende Komplexität der Randbedingungen für den Betrieb von Windenergieanlagen stellt deren herkömmliche Betriebsstrategie in Frage. Erfolgt die Vergütung über Erlöse an der Strombörse, ist es sinnvoll, beim Betrieb auf die Schwankungen der Preise zu reagieren. Wie sollten derartige Reaktionen gestaltet werden? Welche Auswirkungen hat dies auf die Rentabilität der Windparkprojekte aus Betreibersicht? Mit Hilfe einer Fallstudie bewertet der vorliegende Beitrag anhand ökonomischer Kriterien die gezielte Zu- und Abschaltung der Anlagen in Abhängigkeit von Windverhältnissen und Strompreis. Die Ergebnisse der Fallstudie zeigen, dass es sinnvoll sein kann, die Anlagen in wirtschaftlich ungünstigen Situation abzuschalten. Entgangene niedrige Erlöse bei schadensintensiven Windverhältnissen werden durch die Erlöse über eine deutlich verlängerte Lebensdauer der Anlagen wiedergewonnen und die Retabilität des Projektes steigt erheblich.
Adopting attention-mechanisms for Neural Logic Rule Layers
Authors: Reimann Jan Niclas , Schwung Andreas , Ding Steven X. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In previous works we discovered that rule-based systems severely suffer in performance when increasing the number of rules. In order to increase the amount of possible boolean relations while keeping the number of rules fixed, we employ ideas from well known Spatial Transformer Systems and Self-Attention Networks: here, our learned rules are not static but are dynamically adjusted to fit the input data by training a separate rule-prediction system, which is predicting parameter matrices used in Neural Logic Rule Layers. We show, that these networks, termed Adaptive Neural Logic Rule Layers, outperform their static counterpart both in terms of final performance, as well as training stability and excitability during early stages of training.
MTHFR c.665C>T guided fluoropyrimidine therapy in cancer: gender-dependent effect on dose requirements
Authors: Ioannou Charalampia , Ragia Georgia , Balgkouranidou Ioanna , Xenidis Nikolaos , Amarantidis Kyriakos , Koukaki Triantafyllia , Biziota Eirini , Kakolyris Stylianos , Manolopoulos Vangelis G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The fluoropyrimidine derivatives 5-Fluorouracil and Capecitabine are widely used for the treatment of solid tumors. Fluoropyrimidine metabolism involves a cascade of different enzymes, including MTHFR enzyme. MTHFR c.665C>T polymorphism, leading to decreased MTHFR activity, is a potential pharmacogenomic marker for fluoropyrimidine drug response. The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of MTHFR c.665C>T polymorphism with fluoropyrimidine response in terms of therapy induced adverse events (AEs), requirement of dose reduction and delayed drug administration or therapy discontinuation.

Methods
The study group consisted of 313 fluoropyrimidine-treated cancer patients. PCR-RFLP was used to analyze MTHFR c.665C>T polymorphism.

Results
In female patients, MTHFR c.665 CT and TT genotypes were associated with dose reduction (p=0.029). In gender stratification, regression analysis adjusted for age of disease onset, body surface area and AE incidence, showed that MTHFR CT and TT genotypes increased both need for fluoropyrimidine dose reduction (OR 5.050, 95% CI 1.346–18.948, p=0.016) and percentage of dose reduction (β=3.318, 95% C.I. 1.056–5.580, p=0.004) in female patients. Such differences were not present in male patients. No other associations were found.

Conclusions

MTHFR c.665C>T polymorphism was associated with fluoropyrimidine dose reduction in female cancer patients. This gender*MTHFR interaction merits further investigation.
What is “Language Making”?
Authors: Krämer Philipp , Vogl Ulrike , Kolehmainen Leena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article introduces a new concept called “Language Making”. The term covers all kinds of processes in which speakers or non-speakers collectively conceptualize linguistic entities. Such processes are usually perpetual, they operate based on language ideologies and attitudes, and they bring about functional and structural norms which determine the boundaries of linguistic entities such as languages, dialects or varieties. The article discusses the significance of standardization, language policy and planning, and of stakeholders and agency for processes of Language Making. Raising the question as to why a new concept is needed in the first place, the article concludes with a demarcation of Language Making from opposite processes which may be called “un-Making” of Languages.
The family of random attractors for nonautonomous stochastic higher-order Kirchhoff equations with variable coefficients
Authors: Lv Penghui , Lin Guoguang , Sun Yuting 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the stochastic asymptotic behavior of the nonautonomous stochastic higher-order Kirchhoff equation with variable coefficients is studied. By using the Galerkin method, the solution of this kind of equation is obtained, and stochastic dynamical system under this kind of equation is obtained; by using the uniform estimation, the existence of the family of

D

k

{{\mathcal{D}}}_{k}

-absorbing sets of the stochastic dynamical system

Φ

k

{\Phi }_{k}

is obtained, and the asymptotic compactness of

Φ

k

{\Phi }_{k}

is proved by the decomposition method. Finally, the

D

k

{{\mathcal{D}}}_{k}

-stochastic attractor family of the stochastic dynamical system

Φ

k

{\Phi }_{k}

in

V

m
+
k

(

Ω

)

×

V

k

(

Ω

)

{V}_{m+k}\left(\Omega )\times {V}_{k}\left(\Omega )

is obtained.
La evocación del Old South en las adaptaciones cinematográficas de Tennessee Williams: el espacio como elemento narrativo / Evocation of the Old South in film adaptations of Tennessee Williams: the space as a narrative element
Authors: Durán Manso Valeriano 
Published: March 2022

El sur de Estados Unidos tiene un papel determinante en la obra literaria del dramaturgo norteamericano Tennessee Williams. Este universo, que está centrado en la principal ciudad de Louisiana, Nueva Orleans, y en la región del Delta del Mississippi, cuenta con una importante representación cinematográfica gracias a las adaptaciones de las principales obras del escritor, realizadas entre 1950 y 1968. Así, el espacio sureño tiene un notable protagonismo en estas películas, y en algunos casos adquiere el carácter de personaje, debido a su relevante peso narrativo y a la constante evocación que los seres de ficción hacen de él. Con los objetivos de poner en valor el Old South como espacio poético y romántico en el cine americano clásico, reflexionar sobre la relación de Williams con su lugar de origen, y realizar una aproximación a la representación del universo sureño en sus principales adaptaciones cinematográficas, se intenta reflejar cómo el sur influye en la construcción de los temas y personajes del dramaturgo. En este sentido, películas como Un tranvía llamado deseo, Baby Doll, La gata sobre el tejado de zinc, De repente… el último verano o Dulce pájaro de juventud, entre otras destacadas, comparten un mismo ámbito a pesar de desarrollarse en diferentes lugares meridionales de Estados Unidos. Desde estas consideraciones, este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre cómo el sur heredero del Old South se erige como un elemento narrativo que determina la evolución dramática de las adaptaciones cinematográficas de Tennessee Williams.
A Corticothalamic Circuit Trades off Speed for Safety during Decision-Making under Motivational Conflict
Authors: Choi Eun A. , Husić Medina , Millan E. Zayra , Gilchrist Sophia , Power John M. , Jean-Richard dit Bressel Philip , McNally Gavan P. 
Published: March 2022

Decisions to act while pursuing goals in the presence of danger must be made quickly but safely. Premature decisions risk injury or death, whereas postponing decisions risk goal loss. Here we show how mice resolve these competing demands. Using microstructural behavioral analyses, we identified the spatiotemporal dynamics of approach–avoidance decisions under motivational conflict in male mice. Then we used cognitive modeling to show that these dynamics reflect the speeded decision-making mechanisms used by humans and nonhuman primates, with mice trading off decision speed for safety of choice when danger loomed. Using calcium imaging in paraventricular thalamus and optogenetic inhibition of the prelimbic cortex to paraventricular thalamus pathway, we show that this speed-safety trade off occurs because increases in paraventricular thalamus activity increase decision caution, thereby increasing approach–avoid decision times in the presence of danger. Our findings demonstrate that a discrete brain circuit involving the paraventricular thalamus and its prefrontal input adjusts decision caution during motivational conflict, trading off decision speed for decision safety when danger is close. We identify the corticothalamic pathway as central to cognitive control during decision-making under conflict.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTForaging animals balance the need to seek food and energy against the conflicting needs to avoid injury and predation. This competition is fundamental to survival but rarely has a stable, correct solution. Here we show that approach–avoid decisions under motivational conflict involve strategic adjustments in decision caution controlled via a top-down corticothalamic pathway from the prelimbic cortex to the paraventricular thalamus. We identify a novel corticothalamic mechanism for cognitive control that is applicable across a range of motivated behaviors and mark paraventricular thalamus and its prefrontal cortical input as targets to remediate the deficits in decision caution characteristic of unsafe and impulsive choices.
Precise and Pervasive Phasic Bursting in Locus Coeruleus during Maternal Behavior in Mice
Authors: Dvorkin Roman , Shea Stephen D. 
Published: March 2022

The noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) mediates key aspects of arousal, memory, and cognition in structured tasks, but its contribution to naturalistic behavior remains unclear. LC activity is thought to multiplex distinct signals by superimposing sustained (“tonic”) firing patterns reflecting global brain states, such as arousal and anxiety, and rapidly fluctuating (“phasic”) bursts signaling discrete behaviorally significant events. Manipulations of the LC noradrenergic system broadly impair social behavior, but the temporal structure of LC firing and its relationship to social interaction is unknown. One possibility is that tonic firing may increase in the presence of social partners; it is also possible that phasic bursts may accompany specific social events. We used chronicin vivoelectrophysiology and fiber photometry to measure single-unit and population neural activity in LC of freely behaving mice during their interactions with pups. We find that pup retrieval elicits remarkably precise phasic activity in LC that cannot be attributed merely to sensory stimuli, motor activity, or reward. Correlation of LC activity with retrieval events shows that phasic events are most closely related to specific subsequent behaviors. The reliability and magnitude of phasic responses strongly suggest that these events are coordinated across LC and broadcast noradrenaline (NA) release throughout the brain. We also observed slow changes in tonic firing when females performed distinct maternal behaviors such as nest building and pup grooming. We therefore propose that LC signals state changes during sustained interactions and contributes to goal-directed action selection during social behavior with globally broadcast NA release.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTLocus coeruleus (LC) releases noradrenaline (NA) brain wide, influencing many cognitive, emotional, and physiological processes. Multifunctionality of LC is maintained by multiplexing NA signaling via brief “phasic” patterns of bursting and slowly changing “tonic” firing. Manipulations of NA impair social behavior, yet the structure of LC activity with respect to specific social events is unknown. We measured LC activity in mice freely interacting with pups. We find that pup retrieval elicits precisely timed and pervasive phasic activation of LC that anticipates specific behaviors. We also found that LC neurons exhibited slow fluctuations in firing during sustained behaviors. We propose that LC simultaneously contributes to goal-directed social action selection with globally broadcast NA release and signals social state changes with increased tonic firing.
Descending Axonal Projections from the Inferior Colliculus Target Nearly All Excitatory and Inhibitory Cell Types of the Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus
Authors: Balmer Timothy S. , Trussell Laurence O. 
Published: March 2022

The dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) integrates auditory nerve input with nonauditory sensory signals and is proposed to function in sound source localization and suppression of self-generated sounds. The DCN also integrates activity from descending auditory pathways, including a particularly large feedback projection from the inferior colliculus (IC), the main ascending target of the DCN. Understanding how these descending feedback signals are integrated into the DCN circuit and what role they play in hearing requires knowing the targeted DCN cell types and their postsynaptic responses. In order to explore these questions, neurons in the DCN that received descending synaptic input from the IC were labeled with a trans-synaptic viral approach in male and female mice, which allowed them to be targeted for whole-cell recording in acute brain slices. We tested their synaptic responses to optogenetic activation of the descending IC projection. Every cell type in the granule cell domain received monosynaptic, glutamatergic input from the IC, indicating that this region, considered an integrator of nonauditory sensory inputs, processes auditory input as well and may have complex and underappreciated roles in hearing. Additionally, we found that DCN cell types outside the granule cell regions also receive descending IC signals, including the principal projection neurons, as well as the neurons that inhibit them, leading to a circuit that may sharpen tuning through feedback excitation and lateral inhibition.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAuditory processing starts in the cochlea and ascends through the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) to the inferior colliculus (IC) and beyond. Here, we investigated the feedback projection from IC to DCN, whose synaptic targets and roles in auditory processing are unclear. We found that all cell types in the granule cell regions, which process multisensory feedback, also process this descending auditory feedback. Surprisingly, all except one cell type in the entire DCN receive IC input. The IC-DCN projection may therefore modulate the multisensory pathway as well as sharpen tuning and gate auditory signals that are sent to downstream areas. This excitatory feedback loop from DCN to IC and back to DCN could underlie hyperexcitability in DCN, widely considered an etiology of tinnitus.
Is diabetic neuropathy associated with increased risk of developing mental disorders?
Authors: Rohde Christopher , Finnerup Nanna Brix , Schmitz Norbert , Jensen Troels Staehelin , Thomsen Reimar Wernich , Østergaard Søren Dinesen 
Published: March 2022

Objective
It is largely unknown whether individuals with diabetic neuropathy face an increased risk of developing mental illness. Therefore, in a population-based cohort study, we aimed to examine whether individuals with diabetic neuropathy are at elevated risk of being diagnosed with a mental disorder compared to diabetes-duration-matched individuals without diabetic neuropathy.

Methods
We used the nationwide Danish registers to identify all individuals diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy between January 1, 1996, and January 1, 2019. For each of these individuals, we identified up to five individuals with diabetes, matched on the duration of illness, who were not diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy. We then compared incidence rates of mental disorders between individuals with diabetic neuropathy and the diabetes-duration-matched individuals using a Cox proportional-hazards model.

Restults
Individuals with diabetic neuropathy had a substantial and statistically significant increased risk of being diagnosed with any mental disorder (age- and sex-adjusted hazard rate ratio: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.31–1.48) as well as all specific mental disorders (psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, and/or anxiety disorder) compared with diabetes-duration-matched individuals without diabetic neuropathy.

Conclusions
Diabetic neuropathy appears to be associated with a substantially increased risk of developing a mental disorder. Knowledge of the potential mechanisms underlying this association could inform prevention and treatment and should therefore be pursued further.
Transcriptome in paraffin samples for the diagnosis and prognosis of adrenocortical carcinoma
Authors: Jouinot Anne , Lippert Juliane , Sibony Mathilde , Violon Florian , Jeanpierre Lindsay , De Murat Daniel , Armignacco Roberta , Septier Amandine , Perlemoine Karine , Letourneur Franck , Izac Brigitte , Ragazzon Bruno , Leroy Karen , Pasmant Eric , North Marie-Odile , Gaujoux Sébastien , Dousset Bertrand , Groussin Lionel , Libe Rossella , Terris Benoit , Fassnacht Martin , Ronchi Cristina L , Bertherat Jérôme , Assie Guillaume 
Published: March 2022

Design
Molecular classification is important for the diagnosis and prognosis of adrenocortical tumors (ACT). Transcriptome profiles separate adrenocortical adenomas ‘C2’ from carcinomas, and identify two groups of carcinomas ‘C1A’ and ‘C1B’, of poor and better prognosis respectively. However, many ACT cannot be profiled because of improper or absent freezing procedures, a mandatory requirement so far. The main aim was to determine transcriptome profiles on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, using the new 3’-end RNA-sequencing technology. A secondary aim was to demonstrate the ability of this technique to explore large FFPE archives, by focusing on the rare oncocytic ACT variants.

Methods
We included 131 ACT: a training cohort from Cochin hospital and an independent validation cohort from Wuerzburg hospital. The 3’ transcriptome was generated from FFPE samples using QuantSeq (Lexogen, Vienna, Austria) and NextSeq500 (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA).

Results
In the training cohort, unsupervised clustering identified three groups: ‘C1A’ aggressive carcinomas (n = 28, 29%), ‘C1B’ more indolent carcinomas (n = 28, 29%), and ‘C2’ adenomas (n = 39, 41%). The prognostic value of FFPE transcriptome was confirmed in the validation cohort (5-year OS: 26% in ‘C1A’ (n = 26) and 100% in ‘C1B’ (n = 10), P  = 0.003). FFPE transcriptome was an independent prognostic factor in a multivariable model including tumor stage and Ki-67 (OS HR: 7.5, P  = 0.01). Oncocytic ACT (n = 19) did not form any specific cluster. Oncocytic carcinomas (n = 6) and oncocytic ACT of uncertain malignant potential (n = 4) were all in ‘C1B’.

Conclusions
The 3’ RNA-sequencing represents a convenient solution for determining ACT molecular class from FFPE samples. This technique should facilitate routine use and large retrospective studies.
Gastrostomy Tube Placement and Resource Use in Neonatal Hospitalizations With Down Syndrome
Authors: Doshi Harshit , Shukla Samarth , Patel Shalinkumar , Bhatt Parth , Bhatt Neel , Anim-Koranteng Comfort , Ameley Akosua , Biney Bernice , Dapaah-Siakwan Fredrick , Donda Keyur 
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVES
To determine the trends in gastrostomy tube (GT) placement and resource utilization in neonates ≥35 weeks’ gestational age with Down syndrome (DS) in the United States from 2006 to 2017.

METHODS
This was a serial cross-sectional analysis of neonatal hospitalizations of ≥35 weeks’ gestational age with International Classification of Diseases diagnostic codes for DS within the National Inpatient Sample. International Classification of Diseases procedure codes were used to identify those who had GT. The outcomes of interest were the trends in GT and resource utilization and the predictors of GT placement. Cochran-Armitage and Jonckheere-Terpstra trend tests were used for trend analysis of categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Predictors of GT placement were identified using multivariable logistic regression. P value &lt;.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS
Overall, 1913 out of 51 473 (3.7%) hospitalizations with DS received GT placement. GT placement increased from 1.7% in 2006 to 5.6% in 2017 (P &lt;.001), whereas the prevalence of DS increased from 10.3 to 12.9 per 10 000 live births (P &lt;.001). Median length of stay significantly increased from 35 to 46 days, whereas median hospital costs increased from $74 214 to $111 360. Multiple comorbidities such as prematurity, sepsis, and severe congenital heart disease were associated with increased odds of GT placement.

CONCLUSIONS
There was a significant increase in GT in neonatal hospitalizations with DS, accompanied by a significant increase in resource utilization. Multiple comorbidities were associated with GT placement and the early identification of those who need GT could potentially decrease length of stay and resource use.
Acción social, docencia e investigación en la Universidad de Costa Rica y su articulación
Authors: Azofeifa Ramos Silvia Elena 
Published: March 2022

Introducción
En el 2018 se cumplió 100 años de la Reforma de Córdoba, evento que sentaría las bases para el modelo universitario latinoamericano que moldea a la Universidad de Costa Rica desde su fundación.
Objetivo
En el marco de las X Jornadas de Investigación del Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, se hace una revisión de las propuestas y compromisos de la Reforma de Córdoba para analizar la acción social (extensión universitaria) como pilar de la Universidad de Costa Rica, junto con la investigación y la docencia.
Método
Para ello se hace una revisión histórica del contexto en el que surge la Reforma de Córdoba en 1918. Se repasa la manera en la que la Universidad de Costa Rica ha concebido la acción social y algunos de los debates que la atraviesan actualmente.
Resultados
A partir de 1918 se constituyó un modelo universitario original y contextualmente adaptado a las demandas sociales de la época, muchas de las cuales siguen vigentes. Se identifican vínculos para que esta actividad funcione de manera articulada con la investigación y la docencia.
Conclusiones
Se concluye que no es ético repetir discursos “decoloniales”, si reproducimos este tipo de prácticas desde nuestro quehacer académico, al conservar toda la producción intelectual y los conocimientos técnicos que aquí se adquieren, únicamente para quienes nos encontramos dentro de los muros universitarios.