bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impacts of linear infrastructure on terrestrial vertebrate populations: A trait‐based approach
Authors: de Jonge Melinda M. J. , Gallego‐Zamorano Juan , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Schipper Aafke M. , Benítez‐López Ana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile linear infrastructures, such as roads and power lines, are vital to human development, they may also have negative impacts on wildlife populations up to several kilometres into the surrounding environment (infrastructure‐effect zones, IEZs). However, species‐specific IEZs are not available for the vast majority of species, hampering global assessments of infrastructure impacts on wildlife. Here, we synthesized 253 studies worldwide to quantify the magnitude and spatial extent of infrastructure impacts on the abundance of 792 vertebrate species. We also identified the extent to which species traits, infrastructure type and habitat modulate IEZs for vertebrate species. Our results reveal contrasting responses across taxa based on the local context and species traits. Carnivorous mammals were generally more abundant in the proximity of infrastructure. In turn, medium‐ to large‐sized non‐carnivorous mammals (>1 kg) were less abundant near infrastructure across habitats, while their smaller counterparts were more abundant close to infrastructure in open habitats. Bird abundance was reduced near infrastructure with larger IEZs for non‐carnivorous than for carnivorous species. Furthermore, birds experienced larger IEZs in closed (carnivores: ≈130 m, non‐carnivores: >1 km) compared to open habitats (carnivores: ≈70 m, non‐carnivores: ≈470 m). Reptiles were more abundant near infrastructure in closed habitats but not in open habitats where abundances were reduced within an IEZ of ≈90 m. Finally, IEZs were relatively small in amphibians (<30 m). These results indicate that infrastructure impact assessments should differentiate IEZs across species and local contexts in order to capture the variety of responses to infrastructure. Our trait‐based synthetic approach can be applied in large‐scale assessments of the impacts of current and future infrastructure developments across multiple species, including those for which infrastructure responses are not known from empirical data.
In vitro characterisation of tropomyosin from flower tail shrimp, Metapenaeus dobsoni and effect of hydrolysis on allergenicity of tropomyosin
Authors: Laly S.J. , Kumar Abhay , Sankar T.V. , Panda Satyen Kumar 
Published: September 2022

SummaryAbstractShellfish allergy due to major allergen tropomyosin can lead to anaphylaxis in highly sensitive individuals. Tropomyosin purified from flower tail shrimp, Metapenaeus dobsoni was subjected to in vitro characterisation. Also effect of trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolysis on shrimp allergenicity was evaluated. The purified tropomyosin was profiled by SDS PAGE and de nova sequenced using MALDI TOF. Peptide sequence showed a significant protein score in the range of 72–137 with 95% confidence level. In silico mapping of IgE‐binding regions showed conservation of IgE‐binding regions along with cross reactivity with other species. The most abundant amino acid present was glutamic acid followed by lysine. IgE‐binding ability got significantly (P < 0.05) reduced by hydrolysis in comparison to raw. The lower peptide fragments resulted from chymotrypsin hydrolysis by SDS PAGE were very feeble than by trypsin and no immunological activity was observed. Chymotrypsin hydrolysis is observed to be effective in retarding immunological activity of tropomyosin both at 37 °C and 50 °C compared with trypsin hydrolysis at 37 °C by immunoblotting analysis. This can be further utilised in the processing of crustacean extracts intended for seasoning purpose. Further research on in vivo assays for reduced immunoreactivity of tropomyosin after hydrolysis of shrimp can be carried out.Practical applicationsIn vitro characterisation of tropomyosin helps in understanding the cross reactivity with other shrimp species. Chymotrypsin hydrolysed shrimp can be utilised in the processing of crustacean extracts intended for seasoning purpose.
Discarded cross‐allergy between miracle berry (Synsepalum dulcificum) and peanut
Authors: Menéndez‐Rey Adrián , Jerez‐Arroyo Fátima , Alegría‐Aravena Nicolás , Quiroz‐Troncoso Josefa , González‐Martos Raquel , Sánchez‐Díez Marta , Blanco Carlos , Unturbe Ceferino Maestú , Bensadon‐Naeder Loan , Ramirez‐Castillejo Carmen 
Published: September 2022

SummaryPeanut allergies are one of the food allergies with the highest prevalence and mortality due to anaphylaxis, drastically reducing the quality of life of people who suffer from it. In the case of Novel Foods, such as the miracle berry from Synsepalum dulcificum, there is insufficient evidence regarding their allergenic potential. An exhaustive analysis was carried out to study potential cross‐allergy effects between miracle berries and peanuts. First, both an in silico allergenicity prediction model based on sequence homology and an in silico structure homology test were designed to evaluate miraculin cross‐reactivity against Ara h allergens. Second, an in vitro ELISA assay using blood sera from peanut‐allergic patients was executed to discard the possibility of cross‐reaction with total protein content from the berry. The obtained results ruled out the presence of cross‐allergy, leading to the conclusion that consumption of this berry presents no risk for patients with this allergy.
The Price of Higher Order Catastrophe Insurance: The Case of VIX Options
Authors: ERAKER BJØRN , YANG AOXIANG 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTWe develop a tractable equilibrium pricing model to explain observed characteristics in equity returns, VIX futures, S&P 500 options, and VIX options data based on affine jump‐diffusive state dynamics and representative agents endowed with Duffie‐Epstein recursive preferences. Our calibrated model replicates consumption, dividends, and asset market data, including VIX futures returns, the average implied volatilities in SPX and VIX options, and first‐ and higher‐order moments of VIX options returns. We document a time variation in the shape of VIX‐option‐implied volatility and a time‐varying hedging relationship between VIX and SPX options that our model both captures.
A fetus with large mediastinal cystic lymphatic malformation managed with prenatal serial thoracocentesis and postnatal sclerotherapy
Authors: Muromoto Jin , Sugibayashi Rika , Ozawa Katsusuke , Wada Seiji , Fujino Akihiro , Miyazaki Osamu , Ito Yushi , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report a very rare case of large fetal mediastinal cystic lymphatic malformation (cLM), formerly called lymphangioma, that was managed with prenatal serial thoracocentesis and postnatal sclerotherapy. A fetal pericardial effusion‐like lesion gradually increased the size until it occupied more than half of the thoracic cavity. Thoracocentesis was performed three times, namely at 31 and 35 weeks of gestation, and also just before the delivery for decompression. The characteristic shape changes of the lesion were observed after thoracocentesis. A boy delivered by planned cesarian section at term required respiratory support after birth. Postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which showed a large cystic lesion with septa and hemorrhage without solid components, led to the diagnosis of cLM. The fluid from the cyst continued to be drained. Neonatal sclerotherapy using OK‐432 was effective and the infant recovered well. Fetal thoracocentesis may be useful for the diagnosis and management of a large mediastinal cLM.
Brain injury patterns in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy of term neonates
Authors: Bobba Pratheek S. , Malhotra Ajay , Sheth Kevin N. , Taylor Sarah N. , Ment Laura R. , Payabvash Seyedmehdi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposeTopographic patterns of brain injury in neonates can help with differentiation and prognostic categorization of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). In this study, we quantitatively and objectively characterized the location of hypoxic ischemic lesions in term neonates with varying severity of HIE.MethodsWe analyzed term neonates (born ≥37 postmenstrual gestational weeks) with MRI diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and diagnoses of HIE. Neonates’ HIE was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. The hypoxic ischemic lesions were segmented on DWI series with attention to T1‐ and T2‐weighted images and then co‐registered onto standard brain space to generate summation maps for each severity category. Applying voxel‐wise general linear models, we also identified cerebral regions more likely to infarct with increasing severity of HIE, after correction for lesion volume and time‐to‐scan as covariates.ResultsWe included 33 neonates: 20 with mild, eight with moderate, and five with severe HIE. Infarct volumes (p = .00052) and Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration scores at 1 minute (p = .032) differed between HIE severity categories. Hypoxic ischemic lesions in neonates with mild and moderate HIE were predominant in subcortical and deep white matter along the border zones of arterial supply territories, while severe HIE also involved basal ganglia, hippocampus, and thalamus. In voxel‐wise analysis, higher severity of HIE was associated with the presence of lesions in hippocampus, thalamus, and lentiform nucleus.ConclusionsIn term neonates, mild/moderate HIE is associated with infarctions of arterial territory watershed zones, whereas severe HIE distinctively involves basal ganglia, thalami, and hippocampi.
Evaluation of the SpotChecks contrast sensitivity test in children
Authors: Anderson Heather A. , Mathew Anusha Rachel , Cheng Han 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine intrasession repeatability of a worksheet style contrast sensitivity test (SpotChecks) in children and agreement with an established contrast sensitivity test (Pelli–Robson).MethodsForty‐three children aged 4 to 12 years participated in this single visit study that included two administrations of the SpotChecks binocularly, a single administration of the Pelli–Robson test and other measures of visual performance such as high‐contrast visual acuity. Test order was randomised, and participants wore their habitual correction (39 unaided, 4 wearing glasses) for testing. Bland–Altman plots were used to assess the test–retest repeatability of SpotChecks and its agreement with the Pelli–Robson test. Multiple linear regressions were performed to evaluate whether contrast sensitivity was related to participant characteristics such as age, sex and near binocular visual acuity.ResultsThe mean difference in log contrast sensitivity (logCS) between two administrations of the SpotChecks was 0.01, with a coefficient of repeatability (1.96*SD of differences) of 0.14 logCS. The mean difference between SpotChecks and Pelli–Robson was 0.00 logCS with 95% limits of agreement of −0.19 to +0.20. For both tests, a statistically significant increase in logCS was associated with age (slopes were 0.02 logCS/year, p < 0.001 and 0.01 logCS/year, p = 0.02 for the SpotChecks and Pelli–Robson tests, respectively).ConclusionsThe SpotChecks test shows good intrasession repeatability and excellent agreement with the Pelli–Robson test in children. Contrast sensitivity showed an increase in logCS with age in children for both tests.
Adverse childhood experiences and personal values in adolescence: A cross‐sectional study using community adult samples in Japan
Authors: Obikane Erika , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Nishi Daisuke , Kawakami Norito 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundNo study has examined whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were related to value priorities and commitment to values during adolescence. We investigated the association between ACEs by age 15 and personal values during adolescence using cross‐sectional data from community adult samples in Japan.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional panel study with retrospective assessments. We measured whether the participants experienced childhood victimization of physical abuse, neglect, or parental divorce by the age of 15 years. We also assessed personal value priorities and commitment to values of the participants during adolescence. Analysis of covariance was conducted to compare mean scores of personal priorities and commitment to values between participants with ACEs and those without ACEs.ResultsA total of 2463 participants were included in analysis. The participants reported ACEs by the age of 15 years of 5.1% for physical abuse, 1.8% for neglect, and 2.2% for parental divorce. Having any of the ACEs was significantly associated with lower perceived importance in personal values of avoiding causing trouble (P < 0.0001), and of cherishing family and friends (P < 0.0001). There was no significant association between ACEs and commitment to values.ConclusionsThe study suggested that ACEs by age 15 years were associated with lower perceived importance in value priorities on avoiding causing trouble and cherishing people in close relationships.
Distributive justice, social cooperation, and the basis of equality
Authors: Andersson Emil 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper considers the view that the basis of equality is the range property of being a moral person. This view, suggested by John Rawls in his A Theory of Justice (1971), is commonly dismissed in the literature. By defending the view against the criticism levelled against it, I aim to show that this dismissal has been too quick. The critics have generally failed to fully appreciate the fact that Rawls's account is restricted to the domain of distributive justice. On Rawls's view distributive justice is a matter of the fair terms of cooperation among the participants of a system of social cooperation. I argue that this understanding of distributive justice can provide a compelling rationale for considering moral personality as the basis of equality for this domain of morality. That moral persons are indeed equal is further supported by an intuitive argument concerning the irrelevance of morally arbitrary factors, giving us reasons to believe that varying capacities among moral persons does not result in an unequal moral status. The dismissal of Rawls's account of equality has thus been premature, and it remains an important view to consider.
Broadband Sound Transmission Loss in a Corrugated Sound Panel Using Periodic Structure Theory
Authors: Prasad Rajan , Baxy Ajinkya , Banerjee Arnab 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The vibration and sound radiation characteristics of a double leaf panel wall with corrugated core are analyzed. The core comprises of repeating unit cells along the length of the panel. Each cell is a combination of a straight beam with uniform cross section and curved beams with varying cross section. The vibroacoustic property of the corrugated panel is analyzed assuming plain strain condition. The analysis presented in the work shows that the proposed sandwich panel design provides broadband sound transmission loss (STL) characteristics. The dispersion analysis, forced response characteristics, and sound radiation characteristics of the structure are presented. It is found that bending frequency band gap obtained from the dispersion analysis is a prominent criterion to achieve a higher STL. The structural and acoustic behaviors of the sandwich panel are analyzed through the spectral finite element model. The STL for the core element for various taper ratios is presented. It is found that a higher taper ratio shifts the STL characteristics to the low frequency range.
Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion—Utilizing Student Voices During Strategic Decision-Making Processes
Authors: Russell Jared , Beth Matt , Wadsworth Danielle , George Stephanie , Wheeler Wendy , Barkhoff Harald 
Published: September 2022

Kinesiology administrators make a myriad of strategic decisions throughout their time in leadership. Effective leadership, particularly inclusive excellence leadership, is highlighted by the ability of an individual to utilize a diversity of constituent viewpoints, perspectives, and “voices” to guide their respective decision-making processes. This manuscript includes two students’ stories, as well as main points of discussion by American Kinesiology Association Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion workshop leaders. These perspectives provide not only foundational background information, including student identities, but also strategic actions that are necessary to develop all-inclusive and individualized programming that can successfully overcome systemic barriers. The main identified themes are (a) ease of access to accommodations, (b) a culture of inclusivity, (c) advocating, (d) establishing trusting relationships, (e) welcoming of Indigenous perspectives, and (f) flexible practices and community support.
Ray Statement of the Acoustic Tomography Problem
Authors: Romanov V. G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The ray statement of the inverse problem of determining three unknown variable coefficients in the linear acoustic equation is studied. These coefficients are assumed to differ from given constants only inside some bounded domain. There are point pulse sources and acoustic receivers on the boundary of this domain. Acoustic signals are measured by a receiver near the moment of time at which the signal from a source arrives at the receiver. It is shown that this information makes it possible to uniquely determine all the three desired coefficients. Algorithmically, the original inverse problem splits into three subproblems solved successively. One of them is a well-known inverse kinematic problem (of determining the speed of sound), while the other two lead to the same integral geometry problem for a family of geodesic lines determined by the speed of sound.
Liver blood marker testing in UK primary care: a UK wide cohort study, 2004–2016
Authors: Scutt Polly , Ban Lu , Card Tim , Crooks Colin John , Guha Neil , West Joe , Morling Joanne R 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to determine (1) the temporal trends of liver enzyme testing in UK general practice and (2) how these vary among different subgroups at risk of chronic liver disease (CLD).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUK primary care database (Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)), 2004–2016.ParticipantsPatients aged 18 years or over, registered in the CPRD from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2016.Outcome measuresThe frequency of testing recorded within the study period in general practice was calculated for: alanine aminotransferase (ALT); aspartate aminotransferase (AST); gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT); alkaline phosphatase (ALP); bilirubin and platelets. Analyses were conducted in subgroups of patients at high risk of developing liver disease.ResultsThe study cohort included 2 912 066 individuals with median follow-up of 3.2 years. The proportion of patients with at least one measurement for ALT, ALP, bilirubin or platelet test gradually increased over the course of the study period and fell for AST and GGT. By 2016, the proportion of the population receiving one of more tests in that year was: platelet count 28.0%, ALP 26.2%, bilirubin 25.6%, ALT 23.7%, GGT 5.1% and AST 2.2%. Those patients with risk factors for CLD had higher proportions receiving liver marker assessments than those without risk factors.ConclusionsThe striking finding that AST is now only measured in a fraction of the population has significant implications for routine guidance which frequently expects it. A more nuanced approach where non-invasive markers are targeted towards individuals with risk factors for CLD may be a solution.
Are yoga and physical activity determinants of quality of life in Polish adults? a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pluto-Pradzynska Agnieszka , Pluto-Pradzynska Karolina , Frydrychowicz Magdalena , Lagiedo-Zelazowska Malgorzata , Owoc Jakub , Benjamin Shamiram , Au Tsz Yuen , Jaracz Krystyna , Dworacki Grzegorz , Wysocki Jacek , Wasik Jacek 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesYoga is an ancient form of physical activity (PA) that encompasses meditation, stretching and breathing techniques. Although the benefits of PA and associated lifestyle interventions are clear, we here addressed the paucity of evidence regarding the specific relationship between yoga and quality of life (QOL) in adults in Poland. We hypothesised that participation in PA and yoga could result in a positive impact on QOL.DesignCross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire-based survey. Both the quantitative and qualitative variables were statistically compared. Multivariate analyses were performed using linear regression. Results were determined based on age, sex and education level; a p<0.05 was considered significant.SettingQuestionnaires were delivered to participants online, at high schools and universities, and in elderly communities in Poland.Participants714 polish citizens aged over 18 participated in the study; there are no specific entry and exclusion criteria besides age.ResultsStatistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the QOL of the physically active group (PAG) and non-PAG (N-PAG). Meanwhile, yoga practice was revealed to have a significant effect on QOL; QOL was found to be statistically higher (p<0.001) in the PAG with yoga (PAG-Y) (4.29±0.66) than in the N-PAG (3.83±0.92) and PAG without yoga (4.07±0.68).ConclusionsThe study shows that both regular PA and yoga practices could improve QOL; however, PAG-Y produced higher QOL scores than PA of other types. This outcome may be explained by the impact of physiological and psychological aspects within yoga practice. These results suggest that this unique combination impacts health more positively than other kinds of PA alone.