bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of travel companionships on memorable tourism experiences, well‐being, and behavioural intentions
Authors: Vada Sera , Prentice Catherine , Filep Sebastian , King Brian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines the role of companionship in shaping memorable tourism experiences, traveller well‐being and behavioural intentions by drawing upon a conceptual framework of well‐being. Based on data collected from 430 respondents in Australia who had recent travel experience, the results from structural equation modelling (SEM) confirmed that companionship impacted on and had a significant influence on revisitation intentions and recommendations, as well as the enhancement of traveller well‐being. Differences in attitudes were evident between those accompanied by family and friends and those travelling solo. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are highlighted for researchers and practitioners.
lncRNA NEAT1 promotes hypoxia‐induced inflammation and fibrosis of alveolar epithelial cells via targeting miR‐29a/NFATc3 axis
Authors: Zhang Xi , Duan Xiao‐Jun , Li Lin‐Rui , Chen Yan‐Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to explore the function and mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) progression. HPAEpic cells and A549 cells were exposed to hypoxic conditions to establish an in vitro model. Cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay, and inflammatory cytokine levels were detected by ELISA. Gene and protein expression levels were identified by qRT–PCR and Western blot assays, respectively. The interaction among NEAT1, miR‐29a, and NFATc3 was identified by dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays. In hypoxia‐treated cells, hypoxia markers (HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α), cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6) and fibrotic markers (α‐SMA, collagen I and collagen III) were significantly enhanced. Consistently, the expression levels of NEAT1 and NFATc3 were increased, but miR‐29a was decreased in hypoxia‐stimulated cells. Knockdown of NEAT1 significantly decreased cell apoptosis and the releases of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 as well as reduced the levels of α‐SMA, collagen I, and collagen III. Moreover, NEAT1 positively regulated NFATc3 expression by directly targeting miR‐29a. Functional experiments showed that the anti‐apoptotic, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐fibrotic effects mediated by NETA1 silencing were impeded by miR‐29a inhibition or NFATc3 overexpression in hypoxia‐stimulated HPAEpic and A549 cells. Collectively, these data demonstrated that NEAT1 knockdown inhibited hypoxia‐induced cell apoptosis, inflammation, and fibrosis by targeting the miR‐29a/NFATc3 axis in PF, suggesting that NEAT1 might be a potential therapeutic target for relieving PF progression.
Lymphatic function and anatomy in early stages of lipedema
Authors: Rasmussen John C. , Aldrich Melissa B. , Fife Caroline E. , Herbst Karen L. , Sevick‐Muraca Eva M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveLipedema is an inflammatory subcutaneous adipose tissue disease that develops in women and may progress to lipolymphedema, a condition similar to lymphedema, in which lymphatic dysfunction results in irresolvable edema. Because it has been shown that dilated lymphatic vessels, impaired pumping, and dermal backflow are associated with presymptomatic, cancer‐acquired lymphedema, this study sought to understand whether these abnormal lymphatic characteristics also characterize early stages of lipedema prior to lipolymphedema development.MethodsIn a pilot study of 20 individuals with Stage I or II lipedema who had not progressed to lipolymphedema, lymphatic vessel anatomy and function in upper and lower extremities were assessed by near‐infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging and compared with that of a control population of similar age and BMI.ResultsThese studies showed that, although lower extremity lymphatic vessels were dilated and showed intravascular pooling, the propulsion rates significantly exceeded those of control individuals. Upper extremity lymphatics of individuals with lipedema were unremarkable. In contrast to individuals with lymphedema, individuals with Stage I and II lipedema did not exhibit dermal backflow.ConclusionsThese results suggest that, despite the confusion in the diagnoses between lymphedema and lipedema, their etiologies differ, with lipedema associated with lymphatic vessel dilation but not lymphatic dysfunction.
Design, production, and characterization of specialty optical fibers at the IFSW
Authors: Röhrer Christian , Kühlthau Tim , Chen Bowen , Kleem Götz , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOver the past few years, the IFSW has strengthened its activities in the development of hollow‐core fibers for the delivery of high‐brightness beams from ultrafast lasers. The full chain from design to fabrication and characterization is covered. The first promising results were achieved with the production of a single‐mode fiber that exhibits low losses. This fiber is therefore very suitable for the delivery of high‐brightness laser beams emitted from common high‐power solid‐state lasers.
Coherent beam combining – unlimited flexibility in laser material processing
Authors: Wagner Jonas , Leis Artur , Armon Nina , Nissenbaum Asaf , Hagenlocher Christian , Holland Julian , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCivan's unique beam shaping technology enables the generation of beam patterns with an arbitrary variation of the intensity distribution within the laser beam. In addition, it is possible to switch between these patterns at MHz frequencies. This offers great potential to influence and control laser material processes.
Isocyanate‐free urethane modified vinyl ester resin: synthesis, characterization and mechanical properties
Authors: Ghasemi Soheila , Ghezelsofloo Milad , Naeimi Mahsa , Tamami Bahman , Allahyari Hamed 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we report the production of a mixture of urethane modified vinyl ester resin through the non‐isocyanate polyurethane method without using the poisonous material phosgene. Initially, treatment of 2‐((4‐((oxirane‐2‐yl)methoxy)butoxy)methyl)oxirane with methacrylic acid produces a mixture of 3‐(((oxirane‐2‐yl)methoxy)butoxy)‐2‐hydroxypropyl methacrylate and its non‐methacrylated and dimethacrylated analogues (here simply termed OMBM). Then, cyclic carbonate of the as‐prepared compound is obtained through treatment of OMBM and carbon dioxide gas applying different catalysts. The reaction of synthesized cyclic carbonate with various diamines produces isocyanate‐free urethane modified vinyl ester resin. Afterwards, the corresponding products were cured with varying percentages of vinyl ester resins, applying benzoyl peroxide and N,N‐dimethyl aniline as initiator and accelerator, respectively, to enhance the mechanical characteristics of the vinyl ester resins such as tensile strength and elongation. Various characterization methods such as Fourier transform IR, NMR, swelling and tensile tests are conducted to confirm the success of the reactions. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Psychometric validation of the simplified Chinese Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain
Authors: Huang Zhengqi , Yan Jiansen , Li Shuangxing , Yuan Liang , Zhang Yangyang , Wu Yuliang , Zheng Wanli , Ye Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionReliable and valid measurement tools are crucial for clinical practice in chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNSNP). The Copenhagen Neck Functional Disability Scale (CNFDS) is a widely used scale in neck pain assessment and has its unique advantages, but it is not available for patients with CNSNP in southern China.ObjectiveTo develop the simplified Chinese version of CNFDS (CNFDS‐SC) cross‐culturally and to investigate its measurement properties in patients with CNSNP.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingValidation of neck pain measurement scale in southern China.PatientsOne hundred five patients with CNSNP.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresInternal consistency and test‐retest reliability were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Construct validity and structural validity were validated by hypothesis testing and exploratory factor analysis, respectively. Internal and external responsiveness were validated. Interpretability was revealed by the standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change (SDC).ResultsInternal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77 for first test and 0.84 for retest) and test‐retest reliability (ICC = 0.95) were satisfactory. CNFDS‐SC scores showed strong correlations with the numeric rating scale (NRS), the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) scores (r = 0.652, 0.763, and 0.719, respectively; p < .001). Factor analysis revealed a one‐factor structure of the scale. Regarding responsiveness, the standardized response mean (SRM) and the Guyatt's responsiveness index (GRI) were 1.29 and 2.12, respectively. CNFDS‐SC change scores showed good correlations with the anchoring question (r = 0.619, p < .001), NDI (r = 0.439, p = .001), and NPQ (r = 0.438 p = .001) change scores; the area under the receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.89 (p < .001). The SEM and SDC were 0.93 and 2.57, respectively. No floor or ceiling effect and no missing items were observed.ConclusionThe CNFDS‐SC was demonstrated with adequate reliability, validity, responsiveness, and interpretability. The CNFDS‐SC could be an effective tool for the clinical assessment of patients with CNSNP in southern China.
The ion–neutral complex‐mediated fragmentation reaction in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric analysis of N‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylthio)propanamides
Authors: Li Jing , Pan Yuanjiang , Chen Bajin 
Published: June 2022

RationaleAmides are the fundamental units of both peptides and proteins, and also important functional groups of medical chemicals. Investigation of the fragmentation mechanism of amides in the gas phase is scientifically important for structural analysis. However, understanding of this problem is still elusive.MethodsProtonated N‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylthio)propanamide and its derivatives were investigated using positive ion tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) with an LCQ mass spectrometer. Accurate mass analysis was conducted with a micrOTOF‐QII mass spectrometer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the Gaussian 03 program and deuterium‐labelling (D‐labelling) experiments were performed to verify the proposed fragmentation mechanism.ResultsInterpretation of the fragment ions in the collision‐induced dissociation mass spectra showed that the ionizing proton in the protonated ion transferred from the most thermodynamically favorable carbonyl oxygen to the dissociative protonation site at amide nitrogen or sulfur atom upon collisional activation. The dissociation of the amide or the C–S bond was induced by such proton transfer. An ion–neutral complex (INC) was generated via the dissociation of the amide bond. In the INC, it was observed that the carbocation of the ionic part attacked the ortho phenyl carbon atom adjacent to the sulfur atom, and proton transfer from the carbon atom to the nitrogen atom led to the formation of protonated aniline.ConclusionsThe fragmentation mechanism of protonated N‐phenyl‐3‐(phenylthio)propanamide and its derivatives was proposed and elucidated. All the compounds studied showed similar fragmentation pathways, and the competitive formation of two ions, RC9H9OS+ and C6H8N+, was observed. The generation of protonated aniline is mediated by INC in ESI‐MS/MS.
Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Polyethylene Glycol‐Modified BiVO4 Photoanode by Speeding up Proton Transfer
Authors: Deng Yuqiong , Fu Xionghui , Zhang Yuanming , Zhu Yi , Wei Yongge 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe rate‐determining step of the oxygen evolution reaction based on a semiconductor photoanode is the formation of the OO bond. Herein, polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐modified BiVO4 photoanodes are reported, in which protons can be transferred quickly due to the high proton conductivity of PEG, resulting in the acceleration of the OO bond formation rate. These are fully demonstrated by different kinetic isotope effect values. Moreover, the open‐circuit voltage (Uoc) further illustrates that PEG passivates the surface states and surface charge recombination is reduced. The composite photoanode can achieve a maximum photocurrent density of 3.64 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V compared to 1.04 mA cm−2 for pure BiVO4, and an onset potential of 170 mV, which is a 230 mV negative shift compared to pure BiVO4. This work provides a new strategy to accelerate water oxidation kinetics for photoanodes by speeding up the transfer of the proton and the OO bond formation rate.
A little less aggregation a little more replication: Viral manipulation of stress granules
Authors: Brownsword Matthew J. , Locker Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecent exciting studies have uncovered how membrane‐less organelles, also known as biocondensates, are providing cells with rapid response pathways, allowing them to re‐organize their cellular contents and adapt to stressful conditions. Their assembly is driven by the phase separation of their RNAs and intrinsically disordered protein components into condensed foci. Among these, stress granules (SGs) are dynamic cytoplasmic biocondensates that form in response to many stresses, including activation of the integrated stress response or viral infections. SGs sit at the crossroads between antiviral signaling and translation because they concentrate signaling proteins and components of the innate immune response, in addition to translation machinery and stalled mRNAs. Consequently, they have been proposed to contribute to antiviral activities, and therefore are targeted by viral countermeasures. Equally, SGs components can be commandeered by viruses for their own efficient replication. Phase separation processes are an important component of the viral life cycle, for example, driving the assembly of replication factories or inclusion bodies. Therefore, in this review, we will outline the recent understanding of this complex interplay and tug of war between viruses, SGs, and their components.This article is categorized under:
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Translation > Regulation
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA‐Protein Complexes
Gehirn-Computer Schnittstellen zur Verbesserung von Lebensqualität und sozialer Teilhabe
Authors: Soekadar Surjo R. 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungChronische Lähmungen, zum Beispiel infolge eines Schlaganfalls oder einer Rückenmarksverletzung, können die Selbstständigkeit und soziale Teilhabe Betroffener erheblich einschränken. Aufgrund des demographischen Wandels sowie der verbesserten Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit nach schwerem Schlaganfall wird die Zahl chronisch Gelähmter in den nächsten Jahren in Deutschland stark ansteigen. Doch trotz zahlreicher medizinischer Fortschritte existiert derzeit kein etabliertes Verfahren, um schwere Lähmungen effektiv zu behandeln. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz, um die Bewegungsfähigkeit chronisch Gelähmter wiederherzustellen, bedient sich sog. Gehirn-Computer-Schnittstellen (engl. brain-computer interfaces, BCIs), die elektrische, magnetische oder metabolische Hirnaktivität in Steuersignale robotischer Systeme übersetzen. Wird eine charakteristische Veränderung der Hirnaktivität festgestellt, die typischerweise während einer Bewegungsabsicht der Finger oder Beine auftritt, so wird dieses Signal in ein Steuersignal eines motorisierten Stützgerüstes (Exoskeletts) übersetzt, das die gelähmten Finger oder Beine aktiv bewegt. So konnten Querschnittsgelähmte mit kompletter Fingerlähmung erstmals wieder selbstständig essen und trinken. Nutzen Schlaganfallüberlebende mit chronischer Fingerlähmung ein solches neurales Exoskelett über mehrere Wochen zeigte sich zudem ein weiterer Effekt: Der wiederholte Einsatz führte zu einer funktionellen und strukturellen Reorganisation ihres Nervensystems sowie einer deutlichen Verbesserung ihrer Arm- und Handfunktion. Ein ähnlicher Effekt konnte auch bei Querschnittslähmung für die untere Extremität nachgewiesen werden. Derartige neuroplastischen Prozesse sind über die motorische Domäne hinaus denkbar. Entsprechend könnten BCI Systeme auch zur gezielten Verbesserung anderer Hirnfunktionen, beispielsweise des Arbeitsgedächtnis oder der kognitiven und affektiven Kontrolle, eingesetzt werden. Dies verspricht, dass klinische BCIs in naher Zukunft nicht nur einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Verbesserung von Lebensqualität und sozialer Teilhabe chronisch Gelähmter spielen werden, sondern auch von Menschen mit psychischen Leiden, wie Depressionen, Sucht oder neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen.
Hydrophobization of lignocellulosic materials part III: modification with polymers
Authors: Rodríguez-Fabià Sandra , Torstensen Jonathan , Johansson Lars , Syverud Kristin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis review is the third part of a series of reviews on hydrophobization of lignocellulosic materials, a relevant topic nowadays, due to the need to replace fossil fuel-based materials. The review provides an overview of the hydrophobization of lignocellulosic materials by polymer adsorption, and both chemical and radiation-induced grafting of polymers. While adsorbed polymers are only attached to the surfaces by physical interactions, grafted polymers are chemically bonded to the materials. Radiation-induced grafting is typically the most environmentally friendly grafting technique, even though it provides little control on the polymer synthesis. On the other hand, controlled radical polymerization reactions are more complex but allow for the synthesis of polymers with elaborated architectures and well-defined properties. Overall, a wide range of contact angles can be obtained by polymer adsorption and grafting, from a slight increase in hydrophobicity to superhydrophobic properties. The choice of modification technique depends on the end-use of the modified material, but there is a clear trend towards the use of more environmentally friendly chemicals and processes and the grafting of polymers with complex structures.
Graphical abstract
The Moderating Role of Maternal Praise and Positivity in the Association Between Callous-Unemotional (CU) Traits and Later Aggression: A Prospective Study in Preschool Children in Colombia
Authors: Obando Diana , Hill Jonathan , Wright Nicola 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOur previous findings in the UK and Colombia show that CU traits predict later aggression specifically among children who are already aggressive. We hypothesised that this effect would be reduced in the presence of maternal praise and positivity. In a sample of 220 mothers and children from Colombia, mother–child interactions were coded for maternal praise and positivity, and mothers reported on children’s CU traits at age 3.5 and aggression at ages 3.5 and 5 years. The results show three-way interactions between CU traits, child aggression and observed parenting at age 3.5 years in the prediction of later child aggression, and two-way interactions indicating a protective effect of positive parenting in the high aggressive children. Based on our finding, it is plausible that positive parenting may modify the effect of CU traits in the highly vulnerable group of children who are already aggressive in early childhood.
Utility of Diagnostic Classification for Children 0–5 to Assess Features of Autism: Comparing In-person and COVID-19 Telehealth Evaluations
Authors: Holtman Sara Julsrud , Winans Katherine Skillestad , Hoch John D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLogistic regression was used to examine the use of Autism Spectrum diagnostic categories from pre-COVID-19 in-person evaluations and COVID-19 telehealth evaluations at a specialist community mental health clinic. The diagnostic classification for children 0–5 (DC: 0–5) affords a wider range of diagnoses that allowed for inferences of clinician certainty of diagnosis. Use of full criteria diagnoses was significantly lower from telehealth evaluations during the pandemic, and was less certain for younger children, some non-English speakers, and children reporting Native American/Alaska Native race. Higher Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) ASD subscale scores, lower CBCL total scores, and global developmental delay diagnoses predicted greater use of full ASD diagnoses. Findings suggest factors that could identify children appropriate for telehealth evaluations.
Algorithms for covering multiple submodular constraints and applications
Authors: Chekuri Chandra , Inamdar Tanmay , Quanrud Kent , Varadarajan Kasturi , Zhang Zhao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of covering multiple submodular constraints. Given a finite ground set N, a weight function $$w: N \rightarrow \mathbb {R}_+$$

w
:
N
→

R
+

, r monotone submodular functions $$f_1,f_2,\ldots ,f_r$$

f
1

,

f
2

,
…
,

f
r

over N and requirements $$k_1,k_2,\ldots ,k_r$$

k
1

,

k
2

,
…
,

k
r

the goal is to find a minimum weight subset $$S \subseteq N$$

S
⊆
N

such that $$f_i(S) \ge k_i$$

f
i

(
S
)

≥

k
i

for $$1 \le i \le r$$

1
≤
i
≤
r

. We refer to this problem as Multi-Submod-Cover and it was recently considered by Har-Peled and Jones (Few cuts meet many point sets. CoRR. arxiv:abs1808.03260Har-Peled and Jones 2018) who were motivated by an application in geometry. Even with $$r=1$$

r
=
1

Multi-Submod-Cover generalizes the well-known Submodular Set Cover problem (Submod-SC), and it can also be easily reduced to Submod-SC. A simple greedy algorithm gives an $$O(\log (kr))$$

O
(
log
(
k
r
)
)

approximation where $$k = \sum _i k_i$$

k
=

∑
i

k
i

and this ratio cannot be improved in the general case. In this paper, motivated by several concrete applications, we consider two ways to improve upon the approximation given by the greedy algorithm. First, we give a bicriteria approximation algorithm for Multi-Submod-Cover that covers each constraint to within a factor of $$(1-1/e-\varepsilon )$$

(
1
-
1
/
e
-
ε
)

while incurring an approximation of $$O(\frac{1}{\epsilon }\log r)$$

O
(

1
ϵ

log
r
)

in the cost. Second, we consider the special case when each $$f_i$$

f
i

is a obtained from a truncated coverage function and obtain an algorithm that generalizes previous work on partial set cover (Partial-SC), covering integer programs (CIPs) and multiple vertex cover constraints Bera et al. (Theoret Comput Sci 555:2–8 Bera et al. 2014). Both these algorithms are based on mathematical programming relaxations that avoid the limitations of the greedy algorithm. We demonstrate the implications of our algorithms and related ideas to several applications ranging from geometric covering problems to clustering with outliers. Our work highlights the utility of the high-level model and the lens of submodularity in addressing this class of covering problems.