bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of prenatal alcohol exposure with offspring DNA methylation in mammals: a systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Bestry Mitchell , Symons Martyn , Larcombe Alexander , Muggli Evelyne , Craig Jeffrey M. , Hutchinson Delyse , Halliday Jane , Martino David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is associated with a range of adverse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. Several studies suggest that PAE modifies DNA methylation in offspring cells and tissues, providing evidence for a potential mechanistic link to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). We systematically reviewed existing evidence on the extent to which maternal alcohol use during pregnancy is associated with offspring DNA methylation.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted across five online databases according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar and CINAHL Databases were searched for articles relating to PAE in placental mammals. Data were extracted from each study and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) was used to assess the potential for bias in human studies.ResultsForty-three articles were identified for inclusion. Twenty-six animal studies and 16 human studies measured offspring DNA methylation in various tissues using candidate gene analysis, methylome-wide association studies (MWAS), or total nuclear DNA methylation content. PAE dose and timing varied between studies. Risk of bias was deemed high in nearly all human studies. There was insufficient evidence in human and animal studies to support global disruption of DNA methylation from PAE. Inconclusive evidence was found for hypomethylation at IGF2/H19 regions within somatic tissues. MWAS assessing PAE effects on offspring DNA methylation showed inconsistent evidence. There was some consistency in the relatively small number of MWAS conducted in populations with FASD. Meta-analyses could not be conducted due to significant heterogeneity between studies.ConclusionConsidering heterogeneity in study design and potential for bias, evidence for an association between PAE and offspring DNA methylation was inconclusive. Some reproducible associations were observed in populations with FASD although the limited number of these studies warrants further research.Trail Registration: This review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020167686).
Drift-diffusion models for the simulation of a graphene field effect transistor
Authors: Nastasi Giovanni , Romano Vittorio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA field effect transistor having the active area made of monolayer graphene is simulated by a drift-diffusion model coupled with the Poisson equation. The adopted geometry, already proposed in (Nastasi and Romano in IEEE Trans. Electron. Devices 68:4729–4734, 2021, 10.1109/TED.2021.3096492), gives a good current-ON/current-OFF ratio as it is evident in the simulations. In this paper, we compare the numerical simulations of the standard (non-degenerate) drift-diffusion model, that includes the Einstein diffusion coefficient, with the degenerate case.
Validation and test–retest repeatability performance of parametric methods for [11C]UCB-J PET
Authors: Tuncel Hayel , Boellaard Ronald , Coomans Emma M. , Hollander-Meeuwsen Marijke den , de Vries Erik F. J. , Glaudemans Andor W. J. M. , Feltes Paula Kopschina , García David Vállez , Verfaillie Sander C. J. , Wolters Emma E. , Sweeney Steven P. , Ryan J. Michael , Ivarsson Magnus , Lynch Berkley A. , Schober Patrick , Scheltens Philip , Schuit Robert C. , Windhorst Albert D. , De Deyn Peter P. , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Golla Sandeep S. V. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract[11C]UCB-J is a PET radioligand that binds to the presynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A. Therefore, [11C]UCB-J PET may serve as an in vivo marker of synaptic integrity. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quantitative accuracy and the 28-day test–retest repeatability (TRT) of various parametric quantitative methods for dynamic [11C]UCB-J studies in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients and healthy controls (HC). Eight HCs and seven AD patients underwent two 60-min dynamic [11C]UCB-J PET scans with arterial sampling over a 28-day interval. Several plasma-input based and reference-region based parametric methods were used to generate parametric images using metabolite corrected plasma activity as input function or white matter semi-ovale as reference region. Different parametric outcomes were compared regionally with corresponding non-linear regression (NLR) estimates. Furthermore, the 28-day TRT was assessed for all parametric methods. Spectral analysis (SA) and Logan graphical analysis showed high correlations with NLR estimates. Receptor parametric mapping (RPM) and simplified reference tissue model 2 (SRTM2) BPND, and reference Logan (RLogan) distribution volume ratio (DVR) regional estimates correlated well with plasma-input derived DVR and SRTM BPND. Among the multilinear reference tissue model (MRTM) methods, MRTM1 had the best correspondence with DVR and SRTM BPND. Among the parametric methods evaluated, spectral analysis (SA) and SRTM2 were the best plasma-input and reference tissue methods, respectively, to obtain quantitatively accurate and repeatable parametric images for dynamic [11C]UCB-J PET.
Optimal control of an HIV infection model with logistic growth, celluar and homural immune response, cure rate and cell-to-cell spread
Authors: Akbari Najmeh , Asheghi Rasoul 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an optimal control problem for an HIV infection model with cellular and humoral immune responses, logistic growth of uninfected cells, cell-to-cell spread, saturated infection, and cure rate. The model describes the interaction between uninfected cells, infected cells, free viruses, and cellular and humoral immune responses. We use two control functions in our model to show the effectiveness of drug therapy on inhibiting virus production and preventing new infections. We apply Pontryagin maximum principle to study these two control functions. Next, we simulate the role of optimal therapy in the control of the infection by numerical simulations and AMPL software.
On three-dimensional Hall-magnetohydrodynamic equations with partial dissipation
Authors: Du Baoying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we address the Hall-MHD equations with partial dissipation. Applying some important inequalities (such as the logarithmic Sobolev inequality using BMO space, bilinear estimates in BMO space, Young’s inequality, cancellation property, interpolation inequality) and delicate energy estimates, we establish an improved blow-up criterion for the strong solution. Moreover, we also obtain the existence of the strong solution for small initial data, the smallness conditions of which are given by the suitable Sobolev norms.
Blood bacterial resistant investigation collaborative system (BRICS) report: a national surveillance in China from 2014 to 2019
Authors: Chen Yunbo , Ji Jinru , Ying Chaoqun , Liu Zhiying , Yang Qing , Kong Haishen , Xiao Yonghong ,   Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) Study Group, Ding Hui , Liu Yongyun , Mao Haifeng , Huang Ying , Yang Zhenghai , Dai Yuanyuan , Liao Guolin , Zhu Lisha , Zhang Liping , Li Yanhong , Xu Hongyun , Cao Junmin , Zhang Baohua , Guo Liang , Dong Haixin , Hu Shuyan , Man Sijin , Wang Lu , Liao Zhixiang , Xu Rong , Liu Dan , Jin Yan , Zhou Yizheng , Liao Yiqun , Chen Fenghong , Gu Beiqing , Wang Jiliang , Liang Jinhua , Zheng Lin , Li Aiyun , Shen Jilu , Dong Yinqiao , Zhang Lixia , Hu Hongxia , Quan Bo , Zhu Wencheng , Liang Kunpeng , Liu Qiang , Wang Shifu , Yan Xiaoping , Kang Jiangbang , Xia Xiusan , Ma Lan , Sun Li , Luan Liang , Wang Jianzhong , Li Zhuo , Qiao Dengyan , Zhang Lin , Wan Chuandan , Qi Xiaoyan , Du Fei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
In this first national bloodstream infection (BSI) surveillance program in China, we assessed the composition of pathogenic bacteria and the trends for antimicrobial susceptibility over a 6-year period in China.

Methods
Blood bacterial isolates from patients at hospitals participating in the Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected from January 2014 to December 2019. Only the first isolate of a species per patient was eligible over the full study period. Antibiotic-susceptibility testing was conducted by agar-dilution or broth-dilution methods as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.

Results
During the study period, 27,899 bacterial strains were collected. Gram-positive organisms accounted for 29.5% (8244) of the species identified and Gram-negative organisms accounted for 70.5% (19,655). The most-commonly isolated organisms in blood cultures were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococci, and Acinetobacter baumannii. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii was higher in tertiary hospitals, whereas extended-spectrum, β-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-E. coli), carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii were more prevalent in economically-developing areas. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus declined from 39.0% (73/187) in 2014 to 25.9% (230/889) in 2019 (p < 0.05). The prevalence of ESBL-E. coli dropped from 61.2% (412/673) to 51.0% (1878/3,683) over time (p < 0.05), and carbapenem-resistant E. coli remained low prevalence (< 2%; 145/9944; p = 0.397). In contrast, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae increased markedly from 7.0% (16/229) in 2014 to 19.6% (325/1,655) in 2019 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the leading causes of BSI during the 6-year study period. The major resistant pathogens declined or remained stable, whereas carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae continued to increase, which poses a great therapeutic challenge for BSIs.
Research progress on dendritic cell vaccines in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Yu Jifeng , Sun Hao , Cao Weijie , Song Yongping , Jiang Zhongxing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDendritic cell (DC) vaccines induce specific immune responses that can selectively eliminate target cells. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to explore DC vaccination in the treatment of hematological malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes, as well as other nonleukemia malignancies. There are at least two different strategies that use DCs to promote antitumor immunity: in situ vaccination and canonical vaccination. Monocyte-derived DCs (mo-DCs) and leukemia-derived DCs (DCleu) are the main types of DCs used in vaccines for AML and MDS thus far. Different cancer-related molecules such as peptides, recombinant proteins, apoptotic leukemic cells, whole tumor cells or lysates and DCs/DCleu containing a vaster antigenic repertoire with RNA electroporation, have been used as antigen sources to load DCs. To enhance DC vaccine efficacy, new strategies, such as combination with conventional chemotherapy, monospecific/bispecific antibodies and immune checkpoint-targeting therapies, have been explored. After a decade of trials and tribulations, much progress has been made and much promise has emerged in the field. In this review we summarize the recent advances in DC vaccine immunotherapy for AML/MDS as well as other nonleukemia malignancies.
A taxonomy of childhood pedal cyclist injuries from latent class analysis: associations with factors pertinent to prevention
Authors: Piatt Joseph 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies of pedal cyclist injuries have largely focused on individual injury categories, but every region of the cyclist’s body is exposed to potential trauma. Real-world injury patterns can be complex, and isolated injuries to one body part are uncommon among casualties requiring hospitalization. Latent class analysis (LCA) may identify important patterns in heterogeneous samples of qualitative data.

Methods
Data were taken from the Trauma Quality Improvement Program of the American College of Surgeons for 2017. Inclusion criteria were age 18 years or less and an external cause of injury code for pedal cyclist. Injuries were characterized by Abbreviated Injury Scale codes. Injury categories and the total number of injuries served as covariates for LCA. A model was selected on the basis of the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria and the interpretability of the classes. Associations were analyzed between class membership and demographic factors, circumstantial factors, metrics of injury severity, and helmet wear. Within-class associations of helmet wear with injury severity were analyzed as well.

Results
There were 6151 injured pediatric pedal cyclists in the study sample. The mortality rate was 0.5%. The rate of helmet wear was 18%. LCA yielded a model with 6 classes: ‘polytrauma’ (5.5%), ‘brain’ (9.0%), ‘abdomen’ (11.0%), ‘upper limb’ (20.9%), ‘lower limb’ (12.4%), and ‘head’ (41.2%). Class membership had highly significant univariate associations with all covariates except insurance payer. Helmet wear was most common in the ‘abdomen’ class and least common in the ‘polytrauma’ and ‘brain’ classes. Within classes, there was no association of helmet wear with severity of injury.

Conclusions
LCA identified 6 clear and distinct patterns of injury with varying demographic and circumstantial associations that may be relevant for prevention. The rate of helmet wear was low, but it varied among classes in accordance with mechanistic expectations. LCA may be an underutilized tool in trauma epidemiology.
Toward improved terpenoids biosynthesis: strategies to enhance the capabilities of cell factories
Authors: Fordjour Eric , Mensah Emmanuel Osei , Hao Yunpeng , Yang Yankun , Liu Xiuxia , Li Ye , Liu Chun-Li , Bai Zhonghu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTerpenoids form the most diversified class of natural products, which have gained application in the pharmaceutical, food, transportation, and fine and bulk chemical industries. Extraction from naturally occurring sources does not meet industrial demands, whereas chemical synthesis is often associated with poor enantio-selectivity, harsh working conditions, and environmental pollutions. Microbial cell factories come as a suitable replacement. However, designing efficient microbial platforms for isoprenoid synthesis is often a challenging task. This has to do with the cytotoxic effects of pathway intermediates and some end products, instability of expressed pathways, as well as high enzyme promiscuity. Also, the low enzymatic activity of some terpene synthases and prenyltransferases, and the lack of an efficient throughput system to screen improved high-performing strains are bottlenecks in strain development. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology seek to overcome these issues through the provision of effective synthetic tools. This review sought to provide an in-depth description of novel strategies for improving cell factory performance. We focused on improving transcriptional and translational efficiencies through static and dynamic regulatory elements, enzyme engineering and high-throughput screening strategies, cellular function enhancement through chromosomal integration, metabolite tolerance, and modularization of pathways.
Graphical Abstract
Missed opportunities to improve food security for pregnant people: a qualitative study of prenatal care settings in Northern New England during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Canavan Chelsey R. , D’cruze Tiffany , Kennedy Meaghan A. , Hatchell Kayla E. , Boardman Maureen , Suresh Arvind , Goodman Daisy , Dev Alka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Food insecurity during pregnancy has important implications for maternal and newborn health. There is increasing commitment to screening for social needs within health care settings. However, little is known about current screening processes or the capacity for prenatal care clinics to address food insecurity among their patients. We aimed to assess barriers and facilitators prenatal care clinics face in addressing food insecurity among pregnant people and to identify opportunities to improve food security among this population.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study among prenatal care clinics in New Hampshire and Vermont. Staff and clinicians engaged in food security screening and intervention processes at clinics affiliated with the Northern New England Perinatal Quality Improvement Network (NNEPQIN) were recruited to participate in key informant interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify prominent themes in the interview data.

Results
Nine staff members or clinicians were enrolled and participated in key informant interviews. Key barriers to food security screening and interventions included lack of protocols and dedicated staff at the clinic as well as community factors such as availability of food distribution services and transportation. Facilitators of screening and intervention included a supportive culture at the clinic, trusting relationships between patients and clinicians, and availability of clinic-based and community resources.

Conclusion
Prenatal care settings present an important opportunity to identify and address food insecurity among pregnant people, yet most practices lack specific protocols for screening. Our findings indicate that more systematic processes for screening and referrals, dedicated staff, and onsite food programs that address transportation and other access barriers could improve the capacity of prenatal care clinics to improve food security during pregnancy.
The Effects of Accumulated Versus Continuous Exercise on Postprandial Glycemia, Insulin, and Triglycerides in Adults with or Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyuan , Zheng Chen , Ho Robin S. T. , Miyashita Masashi , Wong Stephen Heung Sang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Postprandial dysmetabolism, an important cardiovascular disease risk factor, can be improved by exercise. Further systematic review and meta-analysis is needed to compare the effects of accumulated exercise with a single session of energy-matched continuous exercise on postprandial glucose (PPG), insulin, and triglycerides in adults with or without diabetes.

Methods
Eight electronic databases were searched on August 28, 2020, and updated on April 27, 2021. Eligible studies were randomized, quasi-randomized, or non-randomized controlled or crossover trials that evaluated the acute or longitudinal effects of accumulated exercise compared with a single session of energy-matched continuous exercise on PPG, postprandial insulin, and triglycerides in diabetic and non-diabetic adults. Same-day and second-morning effects were assessed separately for acute intervention studies. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the number of exercise bouts (2–3 bouts or frequent brief bouts (e.g., 1–6 min) throughout the day at 20–60-min intervals (known as physical activity [PA] breaks, ≥ 5 bouts)), exercise intensity, and populations. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. Pooled effects were reported as standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% CI using a random effects model.

Results
Twenty-seven studies (635 participants) were included. A significant difference was found for same-day PPG control, which favored accumulated exercise over one bout of energy-matched continuous exercise (SMD − 0.36 [95%CI: (− 0.56, − 0.17)], P = 0.0002, I2 = 1%), specifically in accumulated exercise with PA breaks (SMD − 0.36 [95%CI: (− 0.64, − 0.08)], P = 0.01, I2 = 30%), low-moderate intensity exercise (SMD − 0.38 [(95%CI: (− 0.59, − 0.17)], P = 0.0005, I2 = 0%), and in non-diabetic populations (SMD − 0.36 [95%CI: (− 0.62, − 0.10)], P = 0.007, I2 = 16%). No differences were found for same-day postprandial insulin and triglycerides, and second-morning effects (postprandial or fasting glucose, insulin, and triglycerides) between different exercise patterns.

Conclusion
Compared with one session of continuous exercise, accumulated exercise—specifically in subgroups of PA breaks, low-moderate intensity exercises—produced greater acute effects on same-day PPG control for non-diabetic adults. There were no differences between continuous and accumulated patterns of exercise in terms of same-day postprandial insulin and triglycerides, and second-morning effects on all previously mentioned markers. The findings provide additional PA options for PPG control for individuals with limited time or exercise capacity to engage in PA in one session.
Registration: PROSPERO (identification code: CRD42021251325).
Attenuation of trichloroacetic acid-induced hepatocellular carcinoma by Artemisia judaica ethanolic extract in male rats
Authors: Mokhamer EL-Hassan M. , Zidan Abdel-Aziz A. , El.Ghayesh Nourhan K. , Abdel-Aziz Karolin K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
The liver cancer is one of the most frequent solid organ malignancies worldwide. Alternative medicine is deemed as one approach that may progress anticancer drugs efficacy and minimize their toxic effects. Similarly, this study was designed to establish the ethanolic extract from Artemisia judaica (AJ) plant and characterize extract that formed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, then evaluate their anti-tumour activity alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide(CTX) against trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats.

Results
The obtained results revealed that a significant elevation in serum transaminases (ALT, AST), and alkaline phosphatase activities, as well as total serum bilirubin (T.Bil) levels, was recognized in TCA injected rats compared with the control group. In contrast, a significant decrease in liver antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, as well as reduced glutathione level was observed in TCA treated rats compared with the control group. Furthermore, administration of AJ alone or in combination with CTX in rats presented a significant amelioration in all mentioned parameters and attenuated the increased malondialdehyde level in liver tissues compared to the TCA group.

Conclusions
It could be suggested that AJ hepatoprotective effect against chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in combination with chemotherapy drug by reducing chemotherapy side effects confirmed by haematoxylin and eosin stain (H&E) observations, improvement of oxidative stress biomarkers, and liver enzymes.