bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A sampling, exposure and receptor framework for identifying factors that modulate behavioural responses to disturbance in cetaceans
Authors: Booth Cormac G. , Brannan Naomi , Dunlop Rebecca , Friedlander Ari , Isojunno Saana , Miller Patrick , Quick Nicola , Southall Brandon , Pirotta Enrico 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

The assessment of behavioural disturbance in cetacean species (e.g. resulting from exposure to anthropogenic sources such as military sonar, seismic surveys, or pile driving) is important for effective conservation and management. Disturbance effects can be informed by Behavioural Response Studies (BRSs), involving either controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) where noise exposure conditions are presented deliberately to meet experimental objectives or in opportunistic contexts where ongoing activities are monitored in a strategic manner. In either context, animal‐borne sensors or in situ observations can provide information on individual exposure and disturbance responses.

The past 15 years of research have greatly expanded our understanding of behavioural responses to noise, including hundreds of experiments in nearly a dozen cetacean species. Many papers note limited sample sizes, required knowledge of baseline behaviour prior to exposure and the importance of contextual factors modulating behavioural responses, all of which in combination can lead to sampling biases, even for well‐designed research programs.

It is critical to understand these biases to robustly identify responses. This ensures outcomes of BRSs help inform predictions of how anthropogenic disturbance impacts individuals and populations. Our approach leverages concepts from the animal behaviour literature focused on helping to avoid sampling bias by considering what shapes an animal's response. These factors include social, experience, genetic and natural changes in responsiveness.

We developed and applied a modified version of this framework to synthesise current knowledge on cetacean response in the context of effects observed across marine and terrestrial taxa. This new ‘Sampling, Exposure, Receptor’ framework (SERF) identifies 43 modulating factors, highlights potential biases, and assesses how these vary across selected focal species.

In contrast to studies that identified variation in ‘Exposure’ factors as a key concern, our analysis indicated that factors relating to ‘Sampling’ (e.g. deploying tags on less evasive individuals, which biases selection of subjects), and ‘Receptor’ (e.g. health status or coping style) have the greatest potential for weakening the desired broad representativeness of BRSs. Our assessment also highlights how potential biases could be addressed with existing datasets or future developments.
Genotyping of cerebrospinal fluid in lung cancer patients with leptomeningeal metastasis
Authors: Nie Naifu , Zhou Haodong , Zhang Kejun , liu Lan , Luo Nuo , Wang Renyuan , Li Xin , Zhu Mengxiao , Hu Chen , Wang Yubo , Liu Zhulin , Li Li , He Yong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is poor. Detection of cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) by next generation sequencing (NGS) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may facilitate diagnosis of LM and identification of drug resistance mechanisms, yet its clinical use needs to be further verified.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study to assess the genetic profiles of paired CSF and plasma samples in lung cancer patients with LM. Of 17 patients screened, a total of 14 patients with LM and paired NGS tests were enrolled.ResultsAll patients harbor driver gene mutations, including 12 epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations, 1 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement, and 1 ROS‐1 fusion. Genetic mutations were detected in CSF cfDNA from 92.9% patients (13/14), which was significantly higher than that from the plasma (9/14, 64.2%). The mutations were highly divergent between CSF and plasma cfDNA, with a concordance rate of 24.38% and 10 mutations shared by the two media. CSF cfDNA could also benefit the analysis of resistance mechanisms to targeted therapies. In five patients who experienced progression on 1st or 2nd generation EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), RB1 mutation, and amplification of MET and EGFR were detected in CSF cfDNA only. In eight patients with LM progression on osimertinib resistance, EGFR amplification was detected in CSF cfDNA from four patients, whereas no CNVs were detected in the matched plasma samples.ConclusionsIn conclusion, CSF could be superior to plasma in providing a more comprehensive genetic landscape of LM to find out drug resistance mechanisms and guide subsequent treatments.
Micro‐habitat drivers of saproxylic beetle assemblages in old woodlands of Mediterranean cork oak (Quercus suber)
Authors: Della Rocca Francesca , Jansson Nicklas , Chiari Stefano , Zauli Agnese , Carpaneto Giuseppe Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cork oak landscapes are fascinating ecosystems, historically managed for cork extraction. The persistence in this habitat of many hollow veteran trees provides suitable micro‐habitats for saproxylic beetles.
We investigated the saproxylic beetle community of two isolated cork oak woodlands of central Italy with different degree of recovery after human transformation: (1) an open woodland and (2) a dense mixed woodland, both dominated by cork oak trees.
We found endemic, rare and threatened saproxylic beetles in both the areas, confirming the important conservation value of cork oak landscapes. In the open woodland we observed a higher number of species in all trophic categories, except for mycophagous specialists. Several microhabitat variables reflected the different stage of recovery of the two woodlands.
Our findings suggest the crucial role of diversified environments in protected areas: even a small difference in the degree of recovery (i.e., tree closeness) can affect the number of beetle species. Specifically, we found (1) more xerophilous species in the open woodland and (2) more mesophilous species in the dense mixed woodland.
Anthropology of proprioception: Endurance and collectivity on unstable grounds in postrevolutionary Cairo
Authors: Elyachar Julia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, I turn from the anthropology of resistance to an anthropology of proprioception. I draw on the concept of proprioception—conscious awareness of the body in space—to provide conceptual language for rethinking collective agency in the long aftermath of mass revolt. I bring proprioception together with the concept of barzakh, or estuary, as interpreted by Ibn ‘Arabi (1165–1240) and Abou El Fetouh (2015), to consider different groundings of collective movement. I do so, for one thing, because of a lingering individualism of the body in formulations of resistance and because of the urgency of thinking collectivity together with ground in times of climate emergency. I draw from debates about collectivity and ground in Egypt, the Middle East, and the broader region of the former Ottoman Empire to make my arguments about why this matters for anthropology. I think this through with ethnographic material from Cairo over the span of 1996–2019, focusing less on conversation and interaction in a particular location than on interactions in movement, across and down the street, and among interlocutors in fields of anthropology, physiology, and social theory in nineteenth‐century Great Britain, the United States, and Egypt.
Circadian rhythm and clinical characteristics in patients with acute myocardial infarction combined with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Zhao Fang , Zhao Xiaoyun , Yang Liheng , Li Yuechuan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the circadian rhythm and clinical characteristics of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) combined with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).MethodsPatients with AMI combined with OSA were enrolled in the study, and those that met the inclusion criteria were divided into three time‐period groups based on their sleep–wake rhythm (22:00–5:59, 6:00–13:59, and 14:00–21:59). The differences between the three groups of patients in sleep‐monitoring data, blood routine, biochemical indicators, and coronary angiographic parameters were analyzed and compared. Count data were expressed as the number of cases, and the chi‐square test was used for statistical analysis. Continuous data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and analysis of variance was used for the statistical analysis of these data. The characteristics of circadian rhythm and clinical features in patients with AMI combined with OSA were analyzed.ResultsOf the 148 patients, 90/148 (61%) had chest pain and 58/148 (39%) had non‐chest pain symptoms. In the 22:00–05:59 group, there were 70/148 (47%) patients with AMI (of these, 46/70 [66%] had chest pain). In the 06:00–13:59 period group, there were 44/148 (30%) patients with AMI (of these, 26/44 [60%] had chest pain). In the 14:00–21:59 period group, there were 34/148 (23%) patients with AMI (of these, 17/34 [50%] had chest pain). There was no statistically significant difference in the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and SYNTAX score between patients in the 22:00–5:59 and 6:00–13:59 groups. However, the AHI and SYNTAX scores in the 22:00–5:59 and 6:00–13:59 groups were higher than those in the 14:00–21:59 group, and the differences were statistically significant. In patients in the 22:00–5:59 group, the levels of serum D‐dimer (DD), hemoglobin (Hb), and oxygen desaturation index (ODI3) were higher, the sleep mean oxygen saturation (MeanSaO2) was lower and the percentage of nighttime spent with oxygen saturation of less than 90% (Tsat90) and less than 85% (Tsat85) was longer.ConclusionThe peak period for the onset of AMI in patients with OSA was 22:00–5:59, and the incidence of chest pain was high. During this period, patients had higher DD and Hb, higher ODI3, lower MeanSaO2 during sleep, and longer TSat90 and TSat85. During the 22:00–5:59 and 6:00–13:59 periods, patients had higher AHI and a higher SYNTAX score.
Electrical injury and the long‐term risk of cataract: A prospective matched cohort study
Authors: Kærgaard Anette , Nielsen Kent J. , Carstensen Ole , Biering Karin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeOver the years, many cases of electric cataract related to severe electrical injuries have been reported. Most have been cases where the entrance or exit point of the current was on the skull or near the eyes. Still, cases of cataract have been reported where an electric current has passed through the body between two contact points remote from the eyes. This study investigates whether persons exposed to an electric current develop cataracts in the subsequent years.MethodsWe identified 14 112 persons who had received electrical injuries in two Danish registries. We matched these with patients partly with dislocation/sprain injuries and partly with persons from the workforce from the same occupation using year of accident, sex and age as matching variables in a prospective, matched‐cohort design. We identified cataract as outcome (DH25, DH26 and DH28) in the Danish National Patient Registry. The associations were analysed using conditional Cox and logistic regression.ResultsWe did not identify an increased risk of cataract following electrical injury compared to matched controls.ConclusionA review of the literature clearly substantiates the occurrence of electric cataract as a consequence of electric current coming in contact with a point on the skull or near the eye. However, our results indicate that electric cataract is not a delayed‐onset effect of electrical injury, in general, and do not suggest a need for cataract screening in all cases of electrical injury.
Predicting developmental outcomes in middle childhood from early life language and parenting experiences
Authors: von Stumm Sophie , O'Reilly Jelena , d'Apice Katrina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChildren's early life experiences of language and parenting are thought to have pervasive, long‐term influence on their cognitive and behavioural development. However, studies are scarce that collected naturalistic observations to broadly assess children's early life experiences and test their associations with developmental outcomes in middle childhood. Here, we used digital audio‐recorders to collect three full days of naturalistic observations from 107 British families with children (46 boys) aged 2–4 years, of whom 89 participated in a follow‐up assessment four years later when the children were 5–8 years old. We found that children's early life experiences of language and parenting were not significantly associated with their later language ability, academic performance and behavioural outcomes. We explore differences in methodology, sample characteristics and the role of developmental periods as possible explanations for the discrepancy in findings between the current and previous studies.
Home literacy in the digital era: The role of mobile screen media frequency in a U.S. state
Authors: Turco Rosa G. , Lesaux Nonie K. , Jones Stephanie M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudies suggest that mobile screen media can play a positive role in young children's language and literacy development. However, the role of mobile screen media in the home literacy environment of pre‐school aged children has not been widely explored. Currently, it is unclear whether the amount of time on mobile devices has any association with their language and literacy development. The present study therefore explored the frequency of mobile digital media use and its relationship to children's language and emergent literacy skills, and whether and how child and family characteristics may have mediated this relationship. The sample consisted of 881 children in Massachusetts (Mage = 5.16; 69% White, non‐Hispanic; 48% female) who completed language and literacy assessments on letter/word recognition, phonological awareness, vocabulary, syntax and language. Parents completed a survey on their child's literacy and technology activities at home. Results suggest that any associations between mobile screen media and language and literacy development may not be explained by quantity of use, but rather the nature of use. No robust statistically significant associations were found between the frequency of mobile media device use and children's language and literacy skills after controlling for key child and family background characteristics. Although rhyme awareness scores were significantly related to frequency of mobile device use, the association was weak. Thus, further research should explore types of activities, app features, and interactions that are important for children's development of language and literacy skills when using mobile media devices.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Pre‐school aged children are spending an increasing amount of time with mobile screens.
Mobile screen media can play a positive role in young children's language and literacy development.
What this paper adds

This paper describes the frequency in which pre‐school children in one US state use mobile screen media.
The results of this paper provide suggest that there are no associations between mobile screen media and language and literacy development.
This paper discusses how several home environmental factors play a role in children's early development of language and literacy.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Practitioners and teachers working with families of pre‐school children can focus on supporting the quality of interactions children have with mobile media rather than focusing on limiting the amount of time children spend with mobile media.
Parents, practitioners and teachers should become familiar with educational media available and learn about effective ways to use it especially among children from low‐income household who engage with mobile media at higher rates.
Nomograms for prognostic risk assessment in glioblastoma multiforme: Applications and limitations
Authors: Zheng Hong , Yan Taoning , Han Yunsong , Wang Qiang , Zhang Guosen , Zhang Lu , Zhu Wan , Xie Longxiang , Guo Xiangqian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer. Prognosis evaluation is of great significance in guiding individualized treatment and monitoring of GBM. By integrating different prognostic variables, nomograms simplify the statistical risk prediction model into numerical estimates for death or recurrence, and are hence widely applied in prognosis prediction. In the past two decades, the application of high‐throughput profiling technology and the establishment of TCGA database and other public data deposits have provided opportunities to identify cancer‐related molecules and prognostic biomarkers. As a result, both molecular features and clinical characteristics of cancer have been reported to be the key factors in nomogram model construction. This article comprehensively reviewed 35 studies of GBM nomograms, analyzed the present situation of GBM nomograms, and discussed the role and significance of nomograms in personalized risk assessment and clinical treatment decision‐making. To facilitate the application of nomograms in the prognostic prediction of GBM patients, a website has been established for the online access of nomograms based on the studies of this review, which is called Consensus Nomogram Spectrum for Glioblastoma (CNSgbm) and is accessible through https://bioinfo.henu.edu.cn/nom/NomList.jsp.
Association of combustible and non‐combustible tobacco use with clinically diagnosed adverse oral health outcomes among US adults, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009–2014)
Authors: Chido‐Amajuoyi Onyema G. , Omega‐Njemnobi Onyinye , Okoli Chimuanya , Ozigbu Chamberline , Okoroafor Ibeawuchi , Anikpezie Nnabuchi , Odani Satomi , Agaku Israel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is an established link between tobacco use and adverse oral health outcomes. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the effect of various tobacco products on clinically diagnosed adverse oral health outcomes.MethodsData were pooled from three cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: 2009–2010; 2011–2012; and 2013–2014 (n = 11,453). Multivariable logistic regressions examined the associations between periodontitis and dental caries with the type of tobacco product used (combustible, non‐combustible or both).ResultsOverall, 42.3% of the study sample had any periodontitis, 7.8% had severe periodontitis and 21.7% had dental caries. There was a higher prevalence of periodontitis and caries among combustible tobacco users than non‐combustible tobacco use; 62.1% of combustible tobacco smokers had any periodontitis, 17.1% had severe periodontitis, while 39.4% of adults with dental caries were dual users. Compared to non‐smokers, combustible tobacco use increased the odds of any periodontitis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.28, 3.45) and severe periodontitis (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.90, 3.61). Compared to non‐smokers, both combustible tobacco (aOR 2.11, 95% CI 1.61, 2.76) and non‐combustible tobacco use (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.19, 3.66) increased the odds of dental caries.Discussion and ConclusionsIn this study of US adults, combustible tobacco use was associated with periodontitis and dental caries, while non‐combustible tobacco use was associated with dental caries. In addition to conducting extensive oral health screening among all smokers, oral health‐care providers should counsel smokers on the need for smoking cessation.
Improvements in the infrastructure for nursing research in universities in Kazakhstan
Authors: Järvinen Sari , Heikkilä Johanna , Meyermanova Inesh , Kuanysh Zhuldyz , Molotov‐Luchanskiy Vilen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to describe the status and analyze the improvements made by universities in Kazakhstan to nursing research infrastructure in the following services: library, internationalization, finance, information and communication technology (ICT), and research, development, and innovation (RDI).BackgroundIn higher education institutions (HEIs), a strong research infrastructure is a necessity for academic education and research. In Central Asian countries, nursing is regarded as an assistive field to medicine, affecting nursing research infrastructures.MethodsIn this descriptive study, following benchmarking and a recommendations report, an interview of nursing faculty members was used to obtain data regarding nursing research infrastructure in ten universities in Kazakhstan. The SQUIRE‐EDU was used to ensure the quality of reporting.ResultsThe Kazakhstani universities providing nursing education are still in the process of developing their nursing research infrastructure. They have not acquired access to nursing databases, and only one textbook concerning nursing research can be found from their libraries. None of the universities have joined international nursing networks. The participation of the university staff and students in conferences with nursing themes has increased. The universities are investing in staff capacity building, but not yet in nursing research projects.Discussion and conclusionKazakhstani universities have the autonomy to develop nursing research and its infrastructure. Active measures by the university management, such as financing access to nursing databases, international cooperation, and international projects, are necessary.Implications for nursing and health policyResearch infrastructures’ quality strongly impacts the development of nursing science and practice in any country. It is crucial to increase the volume of research that demonstrates the effectiveness of clinical nursing and its contribution to health outcomes. To enable the faster development of nursing science in Central Asian countries, this development should be supported through international collaboration.