bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of active anticancer therapy on serologic response to SARS‐CoV‐2 BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with urothelial and renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Togashi Kyo , Hatakeyama Shingo , Yoneyama Tohru , Hamaya Tomoko , Narita Takuma , Fujita Naoki , Iwamura Hiromichi , Okamoto Teppei , Yamamoto Hayato , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesTo evaluate the serologic response to the BNT162b2 messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine in patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.MethodsBetween June 2021 and November 2021, we retrospectively evaluated blood samples from 60 healthy controls (control group), 57 patients with urothelial carcinoma, and 28 patients with renal cell carcinoma who had received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine at Hirosaki University Hospital. We determined the immunoglobulin G antibody titers against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike receptor‐binding domain. Seropositivity was defined as ≥15 U/mL. We investigate factors associated with antibody titers and seropositivity in the patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.ResultsAntibody titers in the control, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma groups were 813, 431, and 500 U/mL, respectively. Seropositivity was 100%, 90%, and 96% in the control, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma groups, respectively. Of the 85 patients, 37 of 57 (65%) and 21 of 28 (75%) were actively undergoing anticancer treatment for urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma, respectively. Anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike immunoglobulin G antibody titers and seropositivity was not significantly different between the patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma. Anti‐severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike immunoglobulin G antibody titers were not significantly associated with active anticancer therapy or steroid treatment for immune‐related adverse events. Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed that older age and metastatic disease were significantly and negatively associated with seropositivity.ConclusionsPatients with urothelial carcinoma or renal cell carcinoma exhibited an adequate antibody response to the BNT162b2 vaccine. Active anticancer therapy was not significantly associated with seropositivity following vaccination with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 BNT162b2 in patients with urothelial carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma.
Reproductive coercion in college health clinic patients: Risk factors, care seeking and perpetration
Authors: Grace Karen Trister , Decker Michele R. , Holliday Charvonne N. , Talis Janine , Miller Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsReproductive coercion is associated with poor health outcomes in women. This study examined exposure to and use of reproductive coercion and care seeking among college students.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was administered to 2291 college students of all genders seeking care in college health and counselling centres as baseline data for a cluster‐randomized controlled trial.MethodsOnline surveys were collected (9/2015–3/2017). Descriptive statistics, chi‐square, Fisher's exact and t‐tests were analysed.ResultsAmong female participants, 3.1% experienced reproductive coercion in the prior 4 months. Experience was associated with older age (p = .041), younger age at first intercourse (p = .004), Black/African American race (p < .001), behaviourally bisexual (p = .005), more lifetime sexual partners (p < .001) and ever pregnant (p = .010). Sexually transmitted infection (p < .001), recent drug use or smoking (p = .018; p = .001), requiring special health equipment (p = .049), poor school performance (p < .001) and all categories of violence (p = <.001–.015) were associated with women's reproductive coercion experience.Participants who experienced reproductive coercion were more likely to seek care for both counselling and healthcare, (p = .022) and sexually transmitted infection (p = .004).Among males, 2.3% reported recent use of reproductive coercion; these participants reported sexual violence perpetration (p = .005), less condom use (p = .003) and more sexual partners than non‐perpetrators (p < .001).ConclusionAlthough reproductive coercion was reported infrequently among college students, those students experiencing it appear to be at risk for poor health and academic outcomes. Health and counselling centres are promising settings to address RC and related health behaviours.
Patients′ and clinicians′ experiences of remote consultation? A narrative synthesis
Authors: Walthall Helen , Schutz Sue , Snowball Joanne , Vagner Raluca , Fernandez Nicola , Bartram Emilia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsTo identify, evaluate and summarize evidence of patient and clinician experiences of being involved in video or telephone consultations as a replacement for in‐person consultations.DesignNarrative synthesis.Data sourcesMedline; EMBASE; EMCARE; CINAHL and BNI. Searching took place from January 2021 to April 2021. Papers included were published between 2013 and 2020.Review MethodsPapers were appraised by two independent reviewers for methodological quality. Data extraction was conducted according to the standardized tool from Joanna Briggs Institute.ResultsSeven qualitative studies were included, from five countries and from the perspective of patients, relatives, administrators, nurses, physiotherapists and physicians. We developed two main themes: Pragmatic Concerns and Therapeutic Concerns. Each theme contained two categories: Pragmatic Concerns: (a) the convenience of non‐face to face consultations; (b) using technology and equipment in a consultation; Therapeutic Concerns (c) building therapeutic relationships; and (d) embracing benefits and addressing challenges.ConclusionThis narrative synthesis presents the existing evidence on clinician and patient experience of participating in non‐face to face consultations. Experiences are varied but largely focus on communication and forming relationships, using the technology successfully and the ability for patients to self‐manage with support from clinicians who are not in‐person. More high‐quality studies are required to explore the experiences of patients and clinicians accessing remote consultations as a result of global implementation post‐SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic to identify any learning and education opportunities.ImpactHealth care staff can provide high‐quality care through video or telephone appointments as well as face to face appointments. This review has, however, identified that the evidence is limited and weak in this area and recommends there is research further to inform practice and influence future care.
Assessing the impact of blood pressure in the development of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Xu Xia , Ye Ding , Liu Bin , Yang Ying , Chen Ying , Qian Yu , Mao Yingying , Sun Xiaohui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the potential causal relationships between blood pressure and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by using the bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Summary‐level data for blood pressure was extracted from the hitherto largest genome‐wide study (GWAS) with 759 601 participants of European‐descent. We used 56 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) for blood pressure. Summary statistics for IBD were derived from a GWAS with an overall 59 957 participants of European ancestry, of which 109 IVs were selected. Several robust analytical methods, including inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted‐median method, MR‐Egger regression, MR‐PRESSO test, maximum likelihood method, “leave‐one‐out” and multivariable MR analysis were used to evaluate the causal associations between blood pressure and IBD. Genetically predicted higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) was associated with an increased risk of IBD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.02–1.08, P = .001 by IVW). Subgroup analysis showed that higher SBP was positively associated with Crohn's disease (CD) (OR = 1.06, 95% CI:1.03–1.09, P = 9.18 × 10−5) and ulcerative colitis (UC) (OR = 1.05, 95% CI:1.01–1.09, P = .017) risk, respectively. In reverse‐direction MR analysis, the authors observed no evidence for the causal effect of IBD on blood pressure. Our findings suggested that high SBP was associated with an increased risk of IBD (for both UC and CD). Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanism of this causal association.
Relationship between periodontitis and psoriasis: A two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Baurecht Hansjörg , Freuer Dennis , Welker Christine , Tsoi Lam C. , Elder James T. , Ehmke Benjamin , Leitzmann Michael F. , Holtfreter Birte , Baumeister Sebastian‐Edgar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimObservational research suggests that periodontitis affects psoriasis. However, observational studies are prone to reverse causation and confounding, which hampers drawing causal conclusions and the effect direction. We applied the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to comprehensively assess the potential bi‐directional association between periodontitis and psoriasis.Materials and MethodsWe used genetic instruments from the largest available genome‐wide association study of European descent for periodontitis (17,353 cases, 28,210 controls) to investigate the relationship with psoriasis (13,229 cases, 21,543 controls), and vice versa. Causal Analysis Using Summary Effect (CAUSE) estimates and inverse variance‐weighted (IVW) MR analyses were used for the primary analysis. Robust MR approaches were used for sensitivity analyses.ResultsBoth univariable methods, CAUSE and IVW MR analyses, did not reveal any impact of periodontitis on psoriasis (CAUSE odds ratio [OR] = 1.00, p = 1.00; IVW OR = 1.02, p = .6247), or vice versa (CAUSE OR = 1.01, p = .5135; IVW OR = 1.00, p = .7070). The null association was corroborated by pleiotropy‐robust methods with ORs close to 1 and p‐values >.59. Overall, MR analyses did not suggest any effect of periodontitis on psoriasis. Similarly, there was no evidence to support an effect of psoriasis on periodontitis.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this MR study, the outcomes supported neither periodontitis affecting psoriasis nor psoriasis affecting periodontitis.
Overwintering ecology and movement of anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) in a large, ice‐covered river in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Smith Rosie , Hitkolok Eric , Loewen Tracey , Dumond Amanda , Kristensen Kent , Swanson Heidi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) is a facultatively anadromous fish species that is critically important to many Inuit communities in the Canadian Arctic. Plasticity in life history has allowed the species to persist in a diversity of challenging Holarctic environments. Despite their ecological and cultural importance and their presence in aquatic ecosystems that are ice‐covered for much of the year, few under‐ice studies of Arctic char have been conducted. Most winter studies of adult Arctic char have focused on lakes, where they typically overwinter. Several populations of Arctic char, however, overwinter in large river systems, and subsistence fishers have reported that Arctic char overwinter in the lower reaches of the Coppermine River. The Coppermine River is a large Arctic river that flows into Coronation Gulf near Kugluktuk, Nunavut, Canada. The authors used acoustic telemetry to investigate the overwintering ecology of Arctic char in the region. Consistent with local knowledge, they detected Arctic char overwintering within the fluvial environment of the Coppermine River from 2018 to 2020. Unlike other fluvial environments known to be used by overwintering Arctic char, the lower reaches of the Coppermine River are completely ice‐covered throughout the winter, are of moderate depths (3.8–14.1 m) and have no known groundwater inputs. Acoustic telemetry observations indicated long‐distance movement (7–8 km) within the river in early winter (October) in response to dynamic ice formation. Under‐ice movement generally declined 2 weeks after river freeze‐up but continued throughout winter in the lower 5 km of the river, where there were fewer under‐ice disturbances. Migration into the marine environment before river ice break‐up (June), as well as winter (November–May) movements into and within the marine environment, was unexpectedly observed for some fish. Under‐ice use of the marine environment is unusual for Arctic char at the distances observed (up to 18 km) and has not previously been documented at the temperatures (fish body temperatures from −0.76 to 1.90°C) observed. Results allow further understanding of the diverse life‐history tactics employed by Arctic char and lay a foundation for future research into fluvial and other diverse overwintering tactics employed by the species.
Effects of osmotic dehydration pretreatment on freezing characteristics and quality of frozen fruits and vegetables
Authors: Alabi Kehinde Peter , Olalusi Ayoola Patrick , Olaniyan Adesoji Mathew , Fadeyibi Adeshina , Gabriel Lanre Olanipekun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOsmotic dehydration (OD) is a process of soaking products in an aqueous solution containing salt or sugar, which is normally applied to fruits and vegetables. The combination of OD pretreatment with freezing, or osmotic dehydrofreezing (ODF), is a novel technology to shorten the freezing process and prolong the preservation of fruits and vegetables. However, the effectiveness of ODF is affected by process parameters and nature of the product, thus information on freezing characteristics and quality of osmotically dehydrated frozen fruits and vegetables is useful to the food industry. This review intends to provide an overview of the effects of OD pretreatment on freezing characteristics such as freezing rate, thermal properties, and quality of frozen fruits and vegetables. Fundamentals of ODF technology, including significance of OD to freezing, and mechanism and factors affecting ODF are summarized. In addition, hurdle technologies comprising of ODF and other innovative nonthermal techniques, such as ultrasound and pulsed electric field (PEF) are presented, and future trends of the combined technology are briefly discussed. ODF can accelerate the freezing process and enhance the quality of osmotically dehydrated frozen fruits and vegetables. The novel ultrasound and PEF techniques, which can provide cryoprotection from in situ interference, were proposed for the production of product with many‐functional characteristics, by incorporating bioactive compounds like plants sterols, probiotics, and dietary fibers, into the matrix of cellular tissues during ODF process. However, these techniques can enhance the performance of the ODF to promote fast freezing, produce small ice crystals, and raise glass transition temperature of cellular tissues. The future trends of ODF technology should mainly focus on controlling the mass and heat transfer processes, improving quality stability during glassy state storage condition and development of product with many‐functional characteristics.Practical ApplicationsFruits and vegetables are subject to freezing damage, particularly tissue softening and drip loss when thawing, thus reducing their quality and market value. OD pretreatments to freezing or ODF has great potentials in preservation of fruits and vegetables, with the advantage of minimum quality loss due to the reduction in freezing loads. Currently, innovative studies have been carried out on the combined use of OD pretreatments and emerging freezing techniques to improve the freezing process, achieve better quality with extended shelf life, and produce products with many‐functional characteristics. However, the findings presented in this review work can provide detail insights on the quality of fruits and vegetables that were frozen by ODF and give some guidance for further developments of ODF technology.
Ribotype‐dependent growth inhibition and promotion by erythritol in Cutibacterium acnes
Authors: Fujii Tadashi , Tochio Takumi , Endo Akihito 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe close balance between Cutibacterium acnes and the skin flora, particularly between C. acnes phylotypes, has been suggested to play an important role in the onset of acne. C. acnes has been classified into ribotypes (RTs) based on polymorphisms in its 16S rRNA sequence, with RT4 and RT5 being associated with the onset of acne and RT6 with healthy skin.AimsThe present study investigated the impact of erythritol on the growth of C. acnes strains classified into different RTs and attempted to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects.MethodsCulturing tests were performed on several RTs of C. acnes with or without erythritol. A transcriptional analysis of HM554 (RT6) and HM514 (RT5) was also conducted.ResultsThe growth of RT2 and RT6, RTs associated with healthy skin, was significantly promoted in a medium containing 10% (W/W) erythritol, whereas that of RT1, RT3, RT4, RT5, and RT8, RTs associated with the development of acne, was inhibited. A RNA‐seq analysis of HM554 showed that the expression of six genes (EIGs) potentially involved in carbohydrate metabolism was strongly induced by the presence of 10% erythritol (Log2 fold change >2.0 and p‐value <0.05). A comparative expression analysis by qPCR revealed that EIGs other than g3pD were strongly induced by erythritol in HM514, similar to HM554, whereas g3pD was only slightly induced.ConclusionErythritol inhibited the growth of RTs associated with acne and promoted that of RTs associated with healthy skin. The enzyme encoded by g3pD may play an important role in the metabolism of erythritol and the dissolution of its growth inhibitory effects on C. acnes.
Candida albicans induces upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xu , Zhao Weiwei , Zhang Wenqing , Wu Shuangshuang , Yan Zhimin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe potential association between Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been noticed for a long time. Programmed death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is a key molecule of tumor immune escape and tumor progression. This study aimed to explore whether C. albicans could influence PD‐L1 expression in OSCC in vitro and in mouse model.MethodsOSCC cell lines (Cal27 and HN6) were infected with C. albicans for 2 and 24 h, then PD‐L1 expression was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), western blot (WB), and flow cytometry (FCM). To identify the underlying mechanisms, PD‐L1 expression in OSCC cells treated with heat‐inactivated C. albicans or with biofilm metabolites derived from C. albicans were explored respectively. Meanwhile, signaling pathways involved in PD‐L1 regulation were explored by RT‐qPCR, and the candidate genes were verified by WB. Moreover, an OSCC mouse model induced by 4‐nitroquinoline‐1 oxide was used to further explore the role of C. albicans infection in PD‐L1 expression in vivo.ResultsC. albicans and heat‐inactivated C. albicans upregulated the PD‐L1 expression in Cal27 and HN6 cells. Various signaling pathways involved in PD‐L1 regulation were influenced by C. albicans infection. Among them, TLR2/MyD88 and TLR2/NF‐κB pathways might participate in this process. Furthermore, PD‐L1 expression in oral mucosa epithelium was upregulated by C. albicans infection in both normal and OSCC mice.ConclusionsThis study suggests that C. albicans could induce upregulation of PD‐L1 in OSCC in vitro and in mouse model, which might due to the activation of TLR2/MyD88 and TLR2/NF‐κB pathways.
Complex central nervous system malformations in a Dutch Warmblood foal
Authors: Louie Elizabeth Williams , Streeter Ron , Story Melinda , Scrivani Peter V. , Barrett Myra , Mullen Kathleen R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA neonatal Dutch Warmblood colt was evaluated for inability to stand, incoordination and intention tremor. Despite partial improvement in clinical signs during the first 4 days of hospitalization, neurological deficits remained. Magnetic resonance imaging identified a unilateral infratentorial arachnoid cyst‐like lesion with ipsilateral compression and displacement of the cerebellar hemisphere, absent corpus collosum, polymicrogyria, suspect leukoencephalopathy, and noncompressive occipitoatlantal malformation. Improvement in clinical signs during the first 6 months of life suggests that horses can survive with complex congenital neurological malformations, but prognosis for athletic performance is poor. The accessibility of magnetic resonance imaging should improve the diagnostic accuracy of central nervous system disorders in neonatal foals in which congenital malformations are suspected. Euthanasia often is elected in foals with suspected congenital central nervous system disorders because of poor prognosis for athletic performance, limiting understanding of clinical progression in these cases.
Multi‐omics reveal differentiation and maintenance of dimorphic flowers in an alpine plant on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zhu Mingjia , Wang Zhenyue , Yang Yongzhi , Wang Zefu , Mu Wenjie , Liu Jianquan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDimorphic flowers growing on a single individual plant play a critical role in extreme adaption and reproductive assurance in plants and have high ecological and evolutionary significance. However, the omics bases underlying such a differentiation and maintenance remain largely unknown. We aimed to investigate this through genomic, transcriptome and metabolomic analyses of dimorphic flowers in an alpine biennial, Sinoswertia tetraptera (Gentianaceae). A high‐quality chromosome‐level genome sequence (903 Mb) was first assembled for S. tetraptera with 31,359 protein‐coding genes annotated. Two rounds of recent independent whole‐genome duplication (WGD) were revealed. Numerous genes from the recent species‐specific WGD were found to be differentially expressed in the two types of flowers, and this may have helped contribute to the origin of this innovative trait. The genes with contrasting expressions between flowers were related to biosynthesis of hormones, floral pigments (carotenoids and flavonoids) and iridoid compounds, which are involved in both flower development and colour. Metabolomic analyses similarly suggested differential concentrations of these chemicals in the two types of flowers. The expression interactions between multiple genes may together lead to contrasting morphology and chemical concentration and open versus closed pollination of the dimorphic flowers in this species for reproductive assurance.