bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Furrow Treatments of Systemic Insecticides for Control of

M

. Persicae and

L

.

Decemlineata

, 1976
Authors: Powell D. M. , Mondor W. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ potatoes were planted in open furrows on April 16, 1976, in Ritzville silt loam soil at Yakima, Washington. After the granular formulated insecticides (listed in table) had been dribbled over the potato seed pieces with a hand-operated, funnel-type applicator, the seed pieces were covered with soil. The plots were 2 rows wide, 34 inches apart (86 cm) and 50 ft long (15.2 m). Each treatment was replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. The crop was sprinkler irrigated. Aphids on 20 compound potato leaves per plot were counted June 8 (only 1 aphid found), 17, July 7, and August 4, and Colorado potato beedle damage per plot was rated (from 1 to 10) on August 11, 19, 26, and September 2 (plants were too mature and too badly damaged latter 2 dates to provide meaningful data). The data were subjected to analysis of variance with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. A similar experiment was made at Yakima airport in Ahtanum silt loam soil.
Insecticide Screening for Green Peach Aphid Control on Potatoes, 1976
Authors: Powell D. M. , Mondor W. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Russet Burbank’ seed was planted April 16 in Ritzville silt loam soil at Yakima, Washington, in plots 2 rows wide (34 inches apart) and 50 ft long. On June 26 insecticides were applied in 40 gallons of spray/acre with a 2-row, backpack, CO2 hand sprayer. Each treatment was replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. Twenty compound potato leaves were collected from each plot 3, 7, and 14 days after treatment (June 28, July 2, and 9), and the number of aphids was counted. Data were transofmed to log 10 (X+l) and subjected to analysis of variance.
Potato;

L

.

Californicus

Control, Aberdeen, Idaho, 1974
Authors: Scott D. R. , Carpenter G. P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The soil type of this field was Declo silt loam. Prior crop was ‘Regar brome’ grass (Bromusbieberstemii). Broadcast and sidedress treatments were in the same experiment so that they could be compared. Each treatment was replicated six times in a lattice design. Each plot was four rows wide (3.7 m) and 6.1 m long. Granular broadcast materials for each plot were weighed individually and applied with a cyclone-type hand applicator. Granular sidedress materials were applied with a tractor-mounted aplicator. The liquid sidedress was applied through the wand of a7.5-L sprayer which was taped to a side-dressing shank so that the spray was delivered in a small area behind the shoe. The granular sidedress was applied about 10-15 cm to each side at the level of the seedpieces. Broadcast treatments were applied, incorporated about 10 cm deep with a rototiller and the potatoes planted on May 23. Sidedress treatments were applied May 24. The plots were rill irrigated and 18 mm of rain fell between planting and harvest. Tuber samples from the two center rows of each plot were harvested October 8 and stored in a tuber cellar. On October 30, the samples were washed, a random subsample of 50 tubers taken from each, and the number of damaged tubers and wireworm holes per sub-sample recorded. Analysis of damaged tubers and wireworm holes was by the method of least squares and the adjusted means compared by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test.
Irish Potato: Control of Aphids, Potato Fleabeetle, Potato Leafhopper, and Tarnished Plant Bug by Foliar Sprays, Freeville, New York, 1977
Authors: Tingey W. M. , Lapointe S. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘Katahdin’ potatoes were planted May 31, 1977, in Phelps gravelly silt loam soil at a spacing of 9-12 inches within the row. Individual plots were 1 row wide, 40 ft long, with 34-inch-row spacing, separated by 2 skip rows. A random-ized complete block design of 4 replications was used. Fertilization consisted of 1000 lb/A of 15-15-15 NPK in 2 in-row side-bands at planting. Granular EPTC at 3.0 lb ai/A was applied on July 12 for weed control. Mancozeb at 1.6 lb ai/A was used at weekly intervals for control of late blight. Foliar sprays were applied by a tractor-mounted boom sprayer at 250 psi and 100 gal/A. Plots were not irrigated. Sampling of aphids was by the leaf-sample method; 1 fully expanded compound leaf was taken from the upper 1/2 and lower 1/2 of each of 5 randomly selected plants/plot. Sampling of other pests was by the D-vac vacuum collection method; samples were taken from 10 randomly selected sites/plot, with 3 bounces/site. Raw data were transformed [Log 10 (x+1)) as necessary prior to statistical analysis.
Green Peach Aphid Control, 1978
Authors: Fox Lee , Richards A. W. , Tamaki George 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
‘U & I Hybrid 8’ sugarbeets were planted Apr 2‘78, in Ashue, AridisArgixerolls, loam near Toppenish, WA. Plots were 6-rows wide (22-in. apart) and 100-ft long. The two treatments were replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. For the first treatment, a granular insecticide was sidedressed (1 in. wide band) 1.5 in. from seed and 2 in. deep on one side of a row at planting time with a tractor-drawn, belt-type applicator. The second treatment consisted of two foliar sprays followed by an application of the granular insecticide. The foliar sprays were applied May 1 and 15 when the plants were in the cotyledon 2-leaf and 2- to 4-true leaf stage, respectively. This application was made with a bicycle-type, 6 row portable boom, CO2 pressurized sprayer at the rate of 19 gal/acre. Ortho X-77 spreader was used with the foliar spray. The granular insecticide was applied Jun 12, when beets were in the 8-10 true leaf stage, by dribbling previously weighed amounts of insecticide granules into the beet crowns through a hand-operated funnel-type applicator. In all plots, the same 10 plants in each plot were examined for insects on 6 dates. Three yellow water trap pans near the test site indicated that the initial alate green peach aphid (GPA) activity occurred the 2nd week of Apr. The field was rill irrigated.
Control of fruitworm and Leafminer on Tomato, 1978
Authors: Kouskolekas Costas A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was conducted on Chandler Mountain, St. Clair County, AL. Seedlings were planted (1 plant/1.5 ft) Jun 20. Each plot consisted of one row, 20 ft long with 10 ft distance between rows. A randomized complete block design with 4 replications per treatment was used. Treatments were applied weekly from Aug 17 to Sep 13 using hand operated compressed air sprayers delivering 50 gal/acre. Manzate 200 was added to each spray at 2.0 lb ai/acre. Damage data were taken on Sep 18. Fruitworm damage was determined by examining 100 fruits per plot. Treatment efficacy on leafminer was evaluated by collecting from each plot all the mined leaves that could be gathered by one person within 5 minutes and then counting the number of mines (both active and inactive).
Tomato Fruitworm Control on Processing Tomato, 1978
Authors: Wade H. F. , Kennedy G. G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dorchester processing tomatoes were direct seeded on Jun 6 at the North Carolina State University, Central Crops Research Station, Clayton, NC. Plots consisted of a single row of tomatoes 20-feet long x 3.5 feet wide, and were separated within rows by 5-feet of bare ground and between rows by one untreated row of tomatoes. Treat-ments, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design, were applied as sprays using a CO2-powered, back-pack sprayer equipped with 3 hollow cone nozzles and calibrated to deliver 100 gal/A at 40 psi on Jul 28, Aug 4, 11, 18, 25 and 30. A maximum of 50 ripe, ripening and rotting fruits were harvested from each plot on Aug 29 and Sep 6 and examined for injury by H.zea. Data from the 2 sample dates were pooled, transformed to arcsin V% and subjected to analysis of variance with mean separation By Duncan’s multiple range test at P≤ 0.05.
Caterpillar Control on Tomato, 1977
Authors: Webb Ralph E. , York Alan C. , Walker Gary L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The crop was seeded 10 May at O‘Neall Horticultural Farm, Lafayette, IN. Treatments were 1 row (60 in. centers) 25-ft in length separated from the next treated row by an untreated row. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. Sprays were applied with a tractor-mounted hydraulic sprayer delivering 50 gpa at 80 psi through two D4-45 nozzles. Applications were made on 20 Jul, 13 Aug, 25 Aug, and 19 Sep. Second generation variegated cutworm did not appear in the plots in late July/Aug, nor did aphids build up as a result of the extremely wet weather. Worm damage was assessed at harvest by examining 100 fruit randomly per replicate. Fruit was hand harvested only once due to light set.
Second Cutting on New Seeding Alfalfa Study, 1978
Authors: Gauthier Norman L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Alfalfa was planted at the Agway Farm Research Center, Fabius, NY, on May 19‘78. Plots were established in a randomized block design of 3 replications (plot size 12 ft x 25 ft - 300 square feet/plot). Fertilization consisted of 600 lb/A of 1-10-40 with boron. Eptam preplant incorporated and Premerge early postemergence were used as herbicides. Insecticide treatments were applied on Aug 2‘78 with CO2 bottle sprayer using .5 gallon bottles to deliver 72.6 GPA at 30 psi. Post treatment insect samplings were done at 8 days on Aug 10‘78 and at 21 days on Aug 23‘78 by using 10-180° insect sweep net collections per plot. Yields were taken at harvest on Sept 7‘78 by cutting a 1/1000 acre swath out of plot centers and weighing all hay cut. Samples were taken to determine percent DM by oven drying analysis.
Alfalfa Weevil Control in Alfalfa, 1977
Authors: Hellman John L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The alfalfa var Saranac AR stand was 3 years old and nearing full bud stage of development at time of treatment. Tip damage levels varied from 30-50% within the test area and precounts average 6 larvae/10 stems. Treatment plots were 10 ft x 10ft and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Precounts and treatments were made on Apr 30. Sprays were applied with a “back-pack” CO2 pressure sprayer calibrated to deliver 25 gpa at 32 psi. Post treatment counts were taken on May 3 and 9. Larval counts were based on two 10 stem samples taken at random within each plot.
Control of Blue Alfalfa Aphid with Actellic, 1978
Authors: Tuttle D. M. , Arvizo G. L. , Mullis C. H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Actellic at four rates and Sumithion (2 rates) were evaluated on the mesa at Yuma, AZ. Plots were 20 x 20 ft replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. Sprays were applied Mar 9 with a backpack CO2 sprayer at 40 gpa and 40 psi. Aphid counts were made by both sweep net and stem counts (stems placed in cannister charged with Ketone).
Field Corn, Northern Corn Rootworm Larval Suppression, 1978
Authors: Clement S. L. , Szatmari-Goodman G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Soil insecticides to suppress larvae of the northern corn rootworm were evaluated at 2 locations in Ohio. Pioneer 3780 was planted in 30 inch rows in continuous corn acreage on June 3 in a 4.5 acre plot near Wooster (Wayne County) and April 29 in a 0.34 acre plot at the Western Branch Research Center (Clark County). Soil type was silt loam at Wooster and silfy clay loam (Brookston soil) at the Western Branch site. Planting at Wooster was delayed be-cause of abundant rain. Insecticides were applied at planting time in the furrow or in a 7-inch band in front of the presswheel using electric Gandy insecticide boxes mounted over each planter presswheel. Applications were made at 3 mph tractor ground speed. Experi-ments were arranged in randomized complete block designs with 4 replicates/treatment. Plots were 2 rows x 40 ft long. Furadan (1.2 oz AI/1000 ft row) was applied 1974-77 in the Western Branch field; a soil insecticide was not used in 1977 at Wooster. Larval damage was assessed August 1 (Western Branch plots) and August 2-4 (Wooster plots) by digging and washing 24 root systems from each treatment (6/plot x 4 reps) and evaluating each root system with the standard Iowa 1-6 rating scale, where 1 = little or no damage and 6 = three or more nodes of roots destroyed.
Northern Corn Rootworm Control Study on No-Till Corn, 1977
Authors: Gauthier Norman L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted at the Agway Farm Research Center, Fabius, New York, on field corn of the variety, Agway 151S in no-till sod planting (alfalfa and grass stubble). Randomized block design of three replications with two rows/plot (each row 17ft 4 inch = 1/1000 acre) and 30 inch row spacing was utilized. Two lb of Bladex 80W + 2.0 qt Lasso 4E + 2 pt Paraquat 2E + 0.5 pt Charger E applied on May 12‘77. Sixty lb of N/A also applied. In-furrow granular applications of insecticides were made on May 16‘77. Corn roots were dug on Aug 15‘77 to assess damage by the Northern Corn Rootworm larvae and roots were weighed. Ten corn roots were dug per plot, cleaned and rated for root damage using the Iowa root rating indexing system (scale 1-6) on August 16‘77.
Apple, Orchard Insecticide Study, 1978
Authors: Gauthier Norman L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This test was conducted at the Agway Orchard, Fabius, NY, on dwarf trellised rootstock apple trees of the varieties, Mcintosh, Red Delicious, Macoun, and Cortland. Single-row blocks (each 0.1 acre) of 22 trees were sprayed with hand-gun sprays to runoff at IX concentration using a tractor-mounted platform sprayer at 80 psi to deliver 300 GPA dilute equivalent. A full-season spray schedule was utilized starting at pink (May 3), petal fall (May 25), 1st cover (June 6), 2nd C (June 15), 3rd C (Jun 28), 4th C (Jul 12), 5th C (Jul 26), 6th C (Aug 9), 7th C (Aug 23), and 8th C (Sep 6). Benlate 50W was used as the standard fungicide (and for the check treatment) at 0.25 lb/100 when insecticides were not combined with other fungicides.
Field Corn, Broadcast Treatments to Control Corn Rootworm Larvae, 1978
Authors: Sechriest Ralph E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Broadcast treatments were compared to 7-in. band treatments of the recommended rootworm soil insecticides during 1978 at Urbana. Fifteen treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with 3 replicates. Each plot was 10 ft x 10 ft with three 30-in. rows through the plot and one row planted on the border line of each plot. Broadcast treatments were hand weighed, hand distributed on May 18 and lightly tilled into the soil. Liquid formulations were measured using a graduated pipette, diluted by 1 gal of water, hand distributed with a garden watering can, and lightly tilled into the soil. Granular band treatments were hand weighed, hand distributed over the presswheel tract on May 18 and lightly raked into the soil surface. Treatments were evaluated by stand counts, root damage ratings (Iowa 1-6), percent lodging, number of good ears, percent moisture of the grain, and yield in bushels per acre. Means were compared at the 5% level (DMRT). The soil was Flanagan silt clay loam and the soil temperature at the 4-in. level was 70°F at planting time. The weather was sunny and approximately 80°F air temperature.
Evaluation of Five Insecticides for Control of the Bandedwing Whitefly and Cabbage and Soybean Loopers in Cotton, 1977
Authors: Williams B.R. , Clower D. F. , Koonce K. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Stoneville 213 acid delinted seed was planted on May 11‘77 at 10 lb per acre. Treatments were placed in plots 8 rows (40-inch) by 40 ft and replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Insecticide applications were made with an International 660 Hi-Clear sprayer with a compressed air system equipped with 2 X-3 hollow cone spray tips per row delivering 2.5 gpa at 3.5 mph and 60 psi. Four applications were made between Aug 10 and 25. Plots were not irrigated. Rainfall was moderate and did not affect applications. The pretreatment whitefly infestation count was 52 percent infested terminals on Aug 8. Separate applications of EPN + Methyl Parathion (0.5 + 0.5 lb Al/A) were applied on Aug 1, 5, 10, 15, 19, 25, and Sept 15 and one application of Pounce (0.1 lb AI/A) on Sept 26 was used on all plots for boll weevil and Heliothis spp. control. Twenty randomly selected terminal leaves per plot were col-lected on four observation dates and placed in plastic bags and frozen for later observation in the laboratory. Assessments of the whitefly populations were accomplished by counting the immature whiteflies in a 2.25 square centimeter area adjacent to the central leaf vein. Subsequent looper populations developed in the test and on Aug 29 a defoliation index rating was obtained based on the average ratings of three observers. The looper populations on Aug 25 were composed of 70% Trichoplusiani (Hubner) and 30% Pseudoplusiaincludens (Walker).
Laboratory Evaluation of Insecticides for Ovicidal Activity Against the Rice Brown Planthopper. IRRI Laboratory, 1977
Authors: Heinrichs E. A. , Valencia S. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Five gravid brown planthoppers were caged and allowed to oviposit on potted 30-day-old rice seedlings for 24 hours. One day later the cages were removed, the potted plants were placed on a turntable and sprayed, and the plants were recaged. Hatching nymphs were recorded daily from 7-14 days after spraying. Thereafter, the plants were dissected under the microscope (eggs are injected into the leaf sheath tissue) to determine the number of unhatched eggs. Percent ovicidal activity was computed by dividing the number of hatched nymphs by the sum of hatched nymphs and unhatched eggs and multiplying times 100.
Rye, Suppression of Fall Armyworms and Associated Arthropods, Plains, 1977
Authors: Martin P. B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The field of rye forage used for this test was growing under cool temperatures and adequate moisture in Faceville sandy loam and Greenville sandy clay loam. Treatments were applied at a height of ca. 5 ft with a Cessna Aquagon plane possessing 32 D-10 nozzles and flying 80 (high rate of oil) - 120 mph. They were applied with water (5 gal/acre) or crop oil (8.16 and 5.44 gal/acre) at 45 psi. Plots were 100 x 850 ft with a minimum of 75 ft of untreated rye between them. They were arranged as randomized strips in 2 blocks. Series of 50 sweeps with a 15 in. (in dia.) net were taken just to the north (2 series) and south (2 series) of an east-west center line in each plot. Samples were placed in plastic bags, frozen, and counted in the laboratory.
Grain Sorghum, Suppression of Sorghum Midge and Associated Arthropods, Plains, 1977
Authors: Martin P. B. , Touchton J. T. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ratoon grain sorghum (the first crop was cut Sept 10) in 3 ft rows (middle to middle) was fertilized and allowed to produce a fall crop of grain in Sumter Co. (Greenville sandy clay loam). Moisture was adequate for grain production; however, cool temperatures hindered grain maturation. Treatments were applied in water as 90 gal/acre with a Solo 425 back-pack sprayer with 8010 nozzle between 11:00 AM and 2:00 PM, Sept 28, Oct 1, and 5. Spray was directed to each side of the heads (25-60% bloom stage) by walking up each side of a row. Plots were 1 row x 30 ft with 2 untreated rows separating each plot. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized block design. Sorghum in Test 1 received 100-140 lb nitrogen/acre; in Test 2 it received 40-80 lb nitrogen/acre. Ten sorghum heads/plot with blooming florets were checked for midge numbers by cautious inspection immediately prior to each treatment. After treatment five heads were selected at random from each plot, clipped, and placed in emergence sacks on both Oct 9 and 13 for later counting of midge, parasitoids, and noctuid larvae.
Chinch Bug Control
Authors: Peters Leroy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
All experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design. The 1977 plots (Tables 1, 2, 3, 4) were located in Johnson County, Nebraska, and were one row wide, 30 ft (9.14 m) long. The 1978 plots (Tables 5, 6, 7) were located in Lancaster County, Nebraska, and were four rows wide, 30 ft (9.14 m) long. Insect and stand counts were made on the two center rows of each plot. All experiments were replicated four times. Three plants per treatment per replication were marked with flags, and insect counts were made on the same plants at each observation date. Insect counts and stand counts or percent plant survival were subjected to analysis of variance.
Aerial Application Efficacy Trials, 1978
Authors: Pedigo Larry P. , Hammond Ron 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Eight soybean plots (Var. Williams) were located 2 miles northwest of Ames, Iowa. Each plot measured 300 ft by 150 ft (60 rows) with 3-in. centers. Experimental design consisted of each plot being randomly assigned a treatment. Treatments are given in the tables. Treatments were applied on July 13 by airplane as follows: (1) spray boom with 16 Tee Jet D1445 nozzles, (2) spray pressure at 20 psi, and (3) application rate at 2 gal/a. Weather conditions on the day of application were: temperature ca. 70°F, wind speed ca. 3 mph. Plants were randomly sampled with a 15-in. diam. sweep-net (50 sweeps/row, 4 rows/plot) on July 13 (pretreatment), July 14 (1-day post-treatment), July 16 (3-day post-treatment), July 24 (11-day post-treatment) and July 31 (18-day post-emergence). Soybeans were in growth stage R2 (beans growing in size) on all sampling dates. Samples were examined for insects in the laboratory. Plants were examined for visual signs of phytoroxicity, viz., discoloration of leaves, on all sampling dates. Measurable rainfall during the experiment was 3.75 inch.
Potato Leafhopper Efficacy Trials, 1978
Authors: Pedigo Larry P. , Hammond Ron 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Twenty-eight soybean plots (Var. Amsoy 71) were located 2 miles south of Ames, Iowa. Each plot measured 50 ft by 4 rows (30-inch centers) and was bordered by 2 buffer rows. Experimental design was a randomized complete block, 4 blocks each with 7 treatments. Treatments are given in the table. Treatments were applied in-furrow at planting on May 26. Granular insecticides were applied with a 2-row John Deere 71 flex planter. Plants emerged June 1. Plots were sampled (10-ft2/plot) with a D-Vac vacuum insect net (l-ft2 sampling core) on June 16 (15-days post-emergence, plants with 2 trifoliate leaves), July 11 (41-days post-emergence, beginning bloom) and July 30 (60-days post-emergence, pods beginning to form). Samples were examined for potato leafhoppers in the laboratory. Stand counts were taken and plants examined for visual signs of phytoroxicity, viz., discoloration of leaves and stunting of plants on June 16. Total rainfall, for June and July, was 4.6 and 6.4 inch, respectively.