bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energized Composites for Electric Vehicles: A Dual Function Energy‐Storing Supercapacitor‐Based Carbon Fiber Composite for the Body Panels
Authors: Pandey Deepak , Sambath Kumar Kowsik , Henderson Leaford Nathan , Suarez Gustavo , Vega Patrick , Salvador Hilda Reyes , Roberson Luke , Thomas Jayan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe current electric vehicles (EVs) face many challenges like limited charge capacity, low miles/charge, and long charging times. Herein, these issues are addressed by developing a dual‐function supercapacitor‐based energy‐storing carbon fiber reinforced polymer (e‐CFRP) that can store electrical energy and function as the structural component for the EV's body shell. This is achieved by developing a unique design, vertically aligned graphene sheets attached to carbon fiber electrodes on which different metal oxides are deposited to obtain high‐energy density electrodes. A high‐strength multilayer e‐CFRP assembly is fabricated using an alternate layer patterning configuration of epoxy and polyacrylamide gel electrolyte. The e‐CFRP so developed delivers a high areal energy density of 0.31 mWh cm–2 at 0.3 mm thickness and a high tensile strength of 518 MPa, bending strength of 477 MPa, and impact strength of 2666 J m–1. To show its application in EVs, a toy car's body panel is fabricated with e‐CFRP and the toy car is able to operate using the energy stored in its frame. Moreover, when integrated with a solar cell, this composite powers an Internet of Things device, showing its feasibility in communication satellites.
Plasma functionalized MoSe2 for efficient nonenzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide in ultra‐wide pH range
Authors: Luo Yang , Wu Donghai , Li Zehui , Li Xiao‐Yan , Wu Yinghong , Feng Shien‐Ping , Menon Carlo , Chen Houyang , Chu Paul K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEnzymatic sensors have inherent problems such as the low stability and limited pH range in industrial and biomedical applications and therefore, more efficient nonenzymatic sensors are highly desirable. Herein, plasma‐functionalized defective MoSe2 is prepared and studied as a highly efficient catalyst for electrochemical sensing of H2O2. Experiments and theoretical computations show that the plasma‐induced Se multi‐vacancies and nitrogen dopants generate new active sites, expose more edge active surfaces, narrow the bandgap, and strengthen binding with the ·OH intermediate, which imparts new fundamental knowledge about the roles of defects in catalysis. The defective MoSe2‐catalyzed sensor delivers competitive performance in hydrogen peroxide detection such as a low detection limit of 12.6 nmol/L, wide operational pH range of 1−13, good long‐term stability, and high selectivity. The portable sensor produced by screen printing confirms the excellent commercial potential and in addition, the results not only reveal a novel concept to design and fabricate high‐performance sensors for H2O2 but also provide insights into the effectiveness of surface modification of diverse catalytic materials.
Palaeobiogeography of the family Nisusiidae (Cambrian rhynchonelliform brachiopods) using the ‘area‐transition count’ method and systematic revision of Korean species
Authors: Oh Yeongju , Lee Dong‐Chan , Lee Sangmin , Lee Seung‐Bae , Hong Paul S. , Hong Jongsun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNisusiidae is a rhynchonelliform brachiopod family that was widely distributed in low‐latitude regions during the middle Cambrian (Stage 3 of Series 2 to the Drumian Stage of the Miaolingian Series). Cladistic analysis of 24 nisusiid species including two species from South Korea (Nisusia paucicostellata and Nisusiidae gen. et sp. indet.) demonstrates that the nisusiids consist of two sister clades (Clade 1 and 2) whose common ancestor was derived from a paraphyletic ‘basal’ group. Non‐spinose taxa are all included in Clade 1, while spinose Nisusia species are found throughout the three groups including Clade 1, indicating paraphyly of Nisusia. The optimized ancestral area(s) are assigned to internal nodes of the taxon area cladogram using both the Fitch algorithm and the DIVALIKE+J model of BioGeoBEARS, and then the relationship between cladogenetic area transition types and palaeogeographical areas is examined using the ‘area‐transition count’ method. Of 10 possible cladogenetic area transitions, which are combinations of range contraction (C), expansion (E), switch (S) and no range change (N), six (CC, CE, CN, EN, NN and NS) are observed in the two optimization results. It is proposed that the nisusiids originated in Laurentia as a strongly spinose form and dispersed into high‐latitude peri‐Gondwana during Stage 3 and then strongly diversified into other areas during Stage 4, and that non‐spinose forms evolved later, mainly in Laurentia. The nisusiid palaeobiogeographical pattern is interpreted to reflect distributional range changes that were probably caused by palaeo‐oceanic currents with the aid of island arcs as stepping stones, and pumice, produced by volcanic activity, as the means of dispersal.
Endosomal recycling and dopamine neurotransmission: Exploring the links between the retromer and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Gock Nathan , Follett Jordan , Rintoul Gordon L , Beischlag Timothy V , Lee Frank J.S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe retromer complex is an evolutionarily conserved protein complex involved in the endosomal recycling of various cargo proteins. It is ubiquitously expressed in all tissue and is found in both invertebrate as well as mammalian nervous systems, where it recycles various synaptic membrane proteins including the dopamine transporter and dopamine D1 receptor, two proteins implicated in dopamine homeostasis and neurotransmission. The involvement of the retromer complex in dopamine neurobiology is further underscored by its links to Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder of the dopamine system. In this article, the existing literature linking the retromer complex to synaptic function and dopamine homeostasis is reviewed. Additional possible links are highlighted by exploring the retromer and other Parkinson's disease‐associated proteins and possible relationships to synaptic function and dopamine transmission.
Anti‐microbial resistance of Salmonella isolates from raw meat‐based dog food in Japan
Authors: Yukawa Shoichiro , Uchida Ikuo , Takemitsu Hiroshi , Okamoto Asako , Yukawa Motomi , Ohshima Seinosuke , Tamura Yutaka 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSalmonella contamination of raw meat‐based diets (RMBDs) for pets poses a major public health concern but has not been investigated in Japan.ObjectiveTo investigate Salmonella contamination in RMBDs for dogs marketed in Japan and the anti‐microbial resistance profiles of the Salmonella isolates.MethodsSixty commercial RMBD samples were collected in the Okayama and Osaka Prefectures, Japan, between December 2016 and March 2017. The obtained Salmonella isolates were serotyped, their anti‐microbial resistance patterns were determined, and the anti‐microbial‐resistant isolates were screened for the presence of resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction.ResultsSalmonella enterica subsp. enterica was detected in seven of the 60 RMBD samples. Among them, five isolates were identified as S. Infantis (n = 3), S. Typhimurium (n = 1) and S. Schwarzengrund (n = 1), while the serotypes of two isolates were unable to be identified. All isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, cefazolin, cefotaxime and gentamycin. Two isolates were resistant to more than one anti‐microbial agent; one of the S. Infantis isolates was resistant to streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim, while the S. Typhimurium isolate was resistant to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol. The S. Schwarzengrund isolate was resistant to tetracycline. Additionally, the S. Typhimurium isolate harboured the anti‐microbial resistance gene gyrA with a mutation corresponding to Ser‐83→Phe amino acid substitution.ConclusionThe study findings suggest that RMBDs for dogs marketed in Japan can be a potential source of Salmonella infection for dogs and humans including infections caused by quinolone‐resistant isolates.
Medical management of dermatitis‐associated morbidity and mortality in endangered Houston toads (Anaxyrus houstonensis)
Authors: Romano Noriega Jacobo , Oliveira Fabiano , Crump Paul S. , Tocidlowski Maryanne E. , Howard Lauren L. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Houston toad (Anaxyrus [Bufo] houstonensis) is protected under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and is endemic to east central Texas. Since 2007, the Houston Zoo Inc. participated in Houston toad recovery through captive breeding, re‐introduction and maintenance of a captive assurance colony. During 2012 and 2013, the zoo's Houston toad colony experienced increased morbidity and mortality attributed to dermatitis of various aetiologies. An 8‐month time period, from September 2012 through April 2013, was selected to evaluate disease aetiology, treatments administered and success of therapy. A total of 248 toad records were reviewed. During this time, 52 toads that died with dermatitis associated with a fungal or bacterial aetiology or a combination of both were included in the review. Toads that survived (n = 196) had been treated with either oral enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg once daily), itraconazole baths (0.01% solution for 10–15 minutes once daily), enhanced nutrition or a combination of these therapies.
Impacts of climate change on organized sport: A scoping review
Authors: Orr Madeleine , Inoue Yuhei , Seymour Russell , Dingle Greg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe relationship between sport and the environment has been primarily examined to understand how sport impacts the natural environment. However, as the influence of climate change has become more apparent, there is a need to establish a systematic understanding of the impacts of climate change on the operations of sport. The aim of this review is to take stock of existing literature on climate change's impacts on organized competitive sport entities, with further attention paid to their adaptation efforts. A scoping review was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 1995 and 2021. After evaluating more than 2100 publications, we retained 57 articles and analyzed them to answer the research questions: (1) What evidence is available regarding the impacts of climate change on the operation of organized competitive sport entities? (2) What is known from the literature about the measures taken by organized competitive sport entities to adapt to the impacts of climate change? Our analysis yielded five major themes: (1) Heat impacts on athlete and spectator health; (2) heat impacts on athlete performance; (3) adaptive measures taken in sport; (4) suitability of various cities for event hosting; and (5) benchmarking and boundary conditions. This review reveals that there is evidence of some climate change impacts on sport, but the literature reflects only a small share of the global sport sector. Equally, much remains to be understood about the nature of adaptation.This article is categorized under:
Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Evaluating Future Impacts of Climate Change
Assessing Public Preference for Construction of Giant Seawalls Using the Best–Worst Scaling Approach
Authors: Tsuge Takahiro , Shoji Yasushi , Onuma Ayumi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGiant seawalls have been constructed in areas stricken by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake to protect nearby townships from tsunamis, but their construction has caused great controversy. This study conducted a survey using the best–worst scaling (BWS) method in Iwate and Miyagi Prefectures, where the seawalls are constructed to understand what specific factors citizens think should be taken into consideration during construction. The results revealed that the negative impacts on the natural environment and seawall height (safety) were ranked most highly. Additionally, the results of regression analysis with respondents’ B-W scores for the negative impacts on the natural environment and seawall height (safety) as the explained variables demonstrated that people who less strongly recognized the need for a seawall were more likely to think the negative impact on the natural environment should be taken into consideration than did people who strongly recognized the need for a seawall; however, people who did not know much about seawalls were more likely to think seawall height should be considered than people who did. The regression analysis also found that people who more strongly felt there was a need to build seawalls were more likely to think seawall height should be a key consideration, whereas people who personally had suffered harm in the tsunami following the Great East Japan Earthquake were more likely to think seawall height should be a key consideration than did those who were not personally affected.
Toward Social Infrastructure: Typological Idea for Evaluating Implementation Potential of Green Infrastructure
Authors: Osawa Takeshi , Nishida Takaaki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGreen infrastructure (GI) comprises widely distributed objects in human residential communities. However, because of the variety of certain objects, it is sometimes difficult to improve public awareness and enhance social implementation of GI. To expand the idea of GI and apply it widely in our society, we should understand clearly what exactly GI is and where and how it can be applied. In this article, we classify the types of GI and present a basic approach to evaluate their implementation potential as the first step for expanding the application of GI in human society. First, based on the definition of GI, we classified it as the infrastructure involving the natural ecosystem, seminatural ecosystem, and artificial ecosystem in each. The essential differences among these types arise from their installability depending on human activities. Then, we considered the principle of evaluation of the implementation potential of GI for the three types GI based on three dimensions, natural condition, top-down regulation, and bottom-up regulation, in human society. Additionally, appropriate ideas for the evaluation of each dimension were considered. Relative importance of the natural condition, top-down regulation, and bottom-up regulation differs among the types of GI. We believe that the findings of this work will be useful for decision makers dealing with the application of GI in their administrative areas.
The central dogma and cosmological horizons
Authors: Shaghoulian Edgar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The central dogma of black hole physics — which says that from the outside a black hole can be described in terms of a quantum system with exp(Area/4GN) states evolving unitarily — has recently been supported by computations indicating that the interior of the black hole is encoded in the Hawking radiation of the exterior. In this paper, we probe whether such a dogma for cosmological horizons has any support from similar computations. The fact that the de Sitter bifurcation surface is a minimax surface (instead of a maximin surface) causes problems with this interpretation when trying to import calculations analogous to the AdS case. This suggests anchoring extremal surfaces to the horizon itself, where we formulate a two-sided extremization prescription and find answers consistent with general expectations for a quantum theory of de Sitter space: vanishing total entropy, an entropy of A/4GN when restricting to a single static patch, an entropy of a subregion of the horizon which grows as the region size grows until an island-like transition at half the horizon size when the entanglement wedge becomes the entire static patch interior, and a de Sitter version of the Hartman-Maldacena transition.
Supersymmetric inhomogeneous field theories in 1+1 dimensions
Authors: Kwon O-Kab , Kim Chanju , Kim Yoonbai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study supersymmetric inhomogeneous field theories in 1+1 dimensions which have explicit coordinate dependence. Although translation symmetry is broken, part of supersymmetries can be maintained. In this paper, we consider the simplest inhomogeneous theories with one real scalar field, which possess an unbroken supersymmetry. The energy is bounded from below by the topological charge which is not necessarily nonnegative definite. The bound is saturated if the first-order Bogomolny equation is satisfied. Non-constant static supersymmetric solutions above the vacuum involve in general a zero mode although the system lacks translation invariance. We consider two inhomogeneous theories obtained by deforming supersymmetric sine-Gordon theory and ϕ6 theory. They are deformed either by overall inhomogeneous rescaling of the superpotential or by inhomogeneous deformation of the vacuum expectation value. We construct explicitly the most general supersymmetric solutions and obtain the BPS energy spectrum for arbitrary position-dependent deformations. Nature of the solutions and their energies depend only on the boundary values of the inhomogeneous functions. The vacuum of minimum energy is not necessarily a constant configuration. In some cases, we find a one-parameter family of degenerate solutions which include a non-vacuum constant solution as a special case.
The Additive Problem for the Number of Representations as a Sum of Two Squares
Authors: Chamizo Fernando 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe improve a previous unconditional result about the asymptotic behavior of $$\sum _{n\le x} r(n)r(n+m)$$

∑

n
≤
x

r

(
n
)

r

(
n
+
m
)

with r(n) the number of representations of n as a sum of two squares when m may vary with x.
The ALR-RSI score is a valid and reproducible scale to assess psychological readiness before returning to sport after modified Broström-Gould procedure
Authors: Pioger Charles , Guillo Stéphane , Bouché Pierre-Alban , Sigonney François , Elkaïm Marc , Bauer Thomas , Hardy Alexandre 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Psychological readiness scores have been developed to optimize the return to play in many sports-related injuries. The purpose of this study was to statistically validate the ankle ligament reconstruction-return to sport injury (ALR-RSI) scale after modified Broström-Gould (MBG) procedure.

Methods
A similar version of the ACL-RSI scale with 12 items was adapted to quantify the psychological readiness to RTS after MBG and to describe construct validity, discriminant validity, feasibility, reliability and internal consistency of the scale, according to the COSMIN methodology. The term “knee” was replaced by “ankle”. The AOFAS and Karlsson scores were used as references patient-related outcome measurements (PROMs).

Results
A total of 71 patients were included. The ALR-RSI score after MBG procedure was highly (r > 0.5) correlated to the AOFAS and Karlsson scores, with a Pearson coefficient r = 0.69 [0.54–0.80] and 0.72 [0.53–0.82], respectively. The mean ALR-RSI score was significantly greater in the subgroup of 55 patients who resumed sports activity compared to those that no longer practiced sport: 61.9 (43.8–79.6) vs 43.4 (25.0–55.6), (p = 0.01). The test–retest showed an “excellent” reproducibility with a ρ intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.93 [0.86–0.96]. The Cronbach’s alpha statistic was 0.95, attesting an “excellent” internal consistency between the 12 ALR-RSI items.

Conclusion
The ALR-RSI score is a valid and reproducible tool for the assessment of psychological readiness to RTS after an MBG procedure for the management of CLAI, in a young and active population. The ALR-RSI score may help to identify and counsel athletes on their ability to return to sport.

Level of evidence
III.
Omental Procedures During Peritoneal Dialysis Insertion: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Kim Jin K. , Lolas Marisol , Keefe Daniel T. , Rickard Mandy , Yadav Priyank , Ming Jessica M. , Milford Karen , Koyle Martin A. , Lorenzo Armando J. , Chua Michael E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesPeritoneal dialysis (PD) is an option for ultrafiltration for patients with end‐stage renal disease. Once placed, PD catheters may malfunction often due to omental wrapping. Omental procedures such as omentectomy and omentopexy may reduce this risk. This investigation aims to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the literature on the role of omental procedures on PD catheter insertions.MethodsFollowing protocol registration on PROSPERO (CRD42020218950), a systematic review was performed in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration. A literature search was performed in February 2021 across Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Records with patients who underwent PD catheter insertion with and without omental manipulation were included. The records underwent screening, full‐text review, and data extraction. Study qualities were assessed using RoBINS‐I and RoB2. Effect estimates were extracted as risk ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using inverse variance method with random‐effect model.ResultsOf 510 records identified, 15 studies were included in the meta‐analysis (1 RCT, 2 prospective, 12 retrospective). With omental procedures, there was decreased the likelihood of failure requiring removal of PD catheter (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.38, 0.58) and PD catheter obstruction (RR 0.23, 95% CI 0.14, 0.39); there was no difference in likelihood of catheter malposition or migration (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.23, 3.29) or peritonitis (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.40, 1.35).ConclusionBased on the current low to moderate quality of evidence, omental manipulation at the time of PD catheter insertion confers benefits of decreased obstruction and failure requiring removal.
Large Nipple Volume as a Risk Factor of Nipple–areola Complex Necrosis Following Nipple‐sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Yamada Miki , Jinno Hiromitsu , Naruse Saki , Isono Yuka , Tsukahara Daisuke , Umemoto Yasuko , Matsumoto Akiko , Dogo Kyoko , Sasajima Yuko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundNipple–areola complex (NAC) necrosis, which is caused by local ischemia, remains one of the complications associated with nipple‐sparing mastectomy. Obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, and immediate breast reconstruction have been identified as risk factors of NAC necrosis. The current study examined the correlation between NAC necrosis and nipple volume.Materials and methodsA total of 83 patients who underwent NSM for primary breast cancer from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Nipple volume was determined using the formula: volume (mm3) = length × width × height (mm), with measurements determined using contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Total and partial NAC necrosis was defined as full‐thickness necrosis requiring surgical procedures and epidermal necrosis managing local wound care, respectively.ResultsNAC necrosis was observed in 30 patients (36%), with 3 and 27 patients having total and partial necrosis, respectively. Large nipple volume (56% vs. 24%, p = 0.006), as well as smoking and immediate breast reconstruction (57 vs. 28%, p = 0.017; 48% vs. 20%, p = 0.009, respectively), were significantly correlated with NAC necrosis. Multivariate analysis identified nipple volume as an independent risk factor for NAC necrosis (OR, 3.75; 95% CI, 1.23–11.44; p = 0.02). Smoking (OR, 4.68; 95% CI, 1.37–15.94; p = 0.014) and immediate breast reconstruction (OR, 3.43; 95% CI, 1.05–11.23; p = 0.042) were also independently associated with NAC necrosis.ConclusionsThis study suggested that a large nipple volume could be one of the risk factors for NAC necrosis following NSM.