bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiparametric Prediction Models for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Selection: Results of a Comparative Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Sieghart Daniela , Hana Claudia A , Haslacher Helmuth , Perkmann Thomas , Heinz Leonhard X , Fedrizzi Clemens , Anderle Karolina , Wiedermann Ursula , Condur Irina , Drapalik Susanne , Steinbrecher Helmut , Mrak Daniel , Mucher Patrick , Hasenoehrl Timothy , Zrdavkovic Andrej , Wagner Barbara , Palma Stefano , Jordakieva Galateja , Jorda Anselm , Firbas Christa , Wagner Angelika , Haiden Nadja , Bergmann Felix , Crevenna Richard , Zeitlinger Markus , Bonelli Michael , Aletaha Daniel , Radner Helga 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn understanding vaccine-dependent effects on protective and sustained humoral immune response is crucial to planning future vaccination strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsIn this multicenter, population-based, cohort study including 4601 individuals after primary vaccination against COVID-19 ≥ 4 months earlier we compared factors associated with residual antibody levels against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) across different vaccination strategies (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or ChAdOx1).ResultsOur main model including 3787 individuals (2 × BNT162b2, n = 2271; 2 × mRNA-1273, n = 251; 2 × ChAdOx1, n = 1265), predicted significantly lower levels of anti-RBD antibodies after 6 months in individuals vaccinated with ChAdOx1 (392.7 binding antibody units per milliliter [BAU/mL]) compared with those vaccinated with BNT162b2 (1179.5 BAU/mL) or mRNA-1273 (2098.2 BAU/mL). Vaccine-dependent association of antibody levels was found for age with a significant predicted difference in BAU/ml per year for BNT162b2 (−21.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], −24.7 to −18.3) and no significant association for mRNA-1273 (−4.0; 95% CI, −20.0 to 12.1) or ChAdOx1 (1.7; 95% CI, .2 to 3.1). The predicted decrease over time since full immunization was highest in mRNA-1273 (−23.4; 95% CI, −31.4 to −15.4) compared with BNT162b2 (−5.9; 95% CI, −7 to −4.8).ConclusionsOur study revealed population-based evidence of vaccine-dependent effects of age and time since full immunization on humoral immune response. Findings underline the importance of individualized vaccine selection, especially in elderly individuals.
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A(H3N2)–Associated Hospitalized Illness: United States, 2022
Authors: Tenforde Mark W , Patel Manish M , Lewis Nathaniel M , Adams Katherine , Gaglani Manjusha , Steingrub Jay S , Shapiro Nathan I , Duggal Abhijit , Prekker Matthew E , Peltan Ithan D , Hager David N , Gong Michelle N , Exline Matthew C , Ginde Adit A , Mohr Nicholas M , Mallow Christopher , Martin Emily T , Talbot H Keipp , Gibbs Kevin W , Kwon Jennie H , Chappell James D , Halasa Natasha , Lauring Adam S , Lindsell Christopher J , Swan Sydney A , Hart Kimberly W , Womack Kelsey N , Baughman Adrienne , Grijalva Carlos G , Self Wesley H ,   for the Influenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with historically low influenza circulation during the 2020–2021 season, followed by an increase in influenza circulation during the 2021–2022 US season. The 2a.2 subgroup of the influenza A(H3N2) 3C.2a1b subclade that predominated was antigenically different from the vaccine strain.

Methods
To understand the effectiveness of the 2021–2022 vaccine against hospitalized influenza illness, a multistate sentinel surveillance network enrolled adults aged ≥18 years hospitalized with acute respiratory illness and tested for influenza by a molecular assay. Using the test-negative design, vaccine effectiveness (VE) was measured by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in influenza-positive case-patients and influenza-negative, SARS-CoV-2–negative controls, adjusting for confounders. A separate analysis was performed to illustrate bias introduced by including SARS-CoV-2–positive controls.

Results
A total of 2334 patients, including 295 influenza cases (47% vaccinated), 1175 influenza- and SARS-CoV-2–negative controls (53% vaccinated), and 864 influenza-negative and SARS-CoV-2–positive controls (49% vaccinated), were analyzed. Influenza VE was 26% (95% CI: −14% to 52%) among adults aged 18–64 years, −3% (−54% to 31%) among adults aged ≥65 years, and 50% (15–71%) among adults aged 18–64 years without immunocompromising conditions. Estimated VE decreased with inclusion of SARS-CoV-2–positive controls.

Conclusions
During a season where influenza A(H3N2) was antigenically different from the vaccine virus, vaccination was associated with a reduced risk of influenza hospitalization in younger immunocompetent adults. However, vaccination did not provide protection in adults ≥65 years of age. Improvements in vaccines, antivirals, and prevention strategies are warranted.
Classical reasoning in the justification paradigm
Authors: Peluce V Alexis 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Artemov, building upon a tradition beginning with Kolmogorov and Gödel, developed a paradigm for understanding Constructive Reasoning in terms of classical proofs. Kolmogorov–Gödel–Artemov constructivism flies in the face of the usual understanding of Constructive Reasoning as being distinguished from Classical Reasoning in terms of its theory of truth. Is there something that stands to traditional Classical Reasoning as Kolmogorov–Gödel–Artemov constructivism stands to Constructive Reasoning? In this paper, we develop an affirmative answer to this question by presenting a justification account of Classical Reasoning in terms of explicit justification. The traditional truth paradigm account of Classical Reasoning leads to the well-known paradoxes of material implication. We show that the justification account of Classical Reasoning avoids this problem.1
Galaxy And Mass Assembly: galaxy morphology in the green valley, prominent rings, and looser spiral arms
Authors: Smith Dominic , Haberzettl Lutz , Porter L E , Porter-Temple Ren , Henry Christopher P A , Holwerda Benne , López-Sánchez Á R , Phillipps Steven , Graham Alister W , Brough Sarah , Pimbblet Kevin A , Liske Jochen , Kelvin Lee S , Robertson Clayton D , Roemer Wade , Walmsley Michael , O’Ryan David , Géron Tobias 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Galaxies fall broadly into two categories: star-forming (blue) galaxies and quiescent (red) galaxies. In between, one finds the less populated ‘green valley’. Some of these galaxies are suspected to be in the process of ceasing their star formation through a gradual exhaustion of gas supply, or already dead and experiencing a rejuvenation of star formation through fuel injection. We use the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) database and the Galaxy Zoo citizen science morphological estimates to compare the morphology of galaxies in the green valley with those in the red sequence and blue cloud. Our goal is to examine the structural differences within galaxies that fall in the green valley, and what brings them there. Previous results found that disc features such as rings and lenses are more prominently represented in the green-valley population. We revisit this with a similar sized data set of galaxies with morphology labels provided by the Galaxy Zoo for the GAMA fields based on new Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) images. Our aim is to compare the results from expert classification qualitatively with those of citizen science. We observe that ring structures are indeed found more commonly in green-valley galaxies compared with their red and blue counterparts. We suggest that ring structures are a consequence of disc galaxies in the green valley actively exhibiting the characteristics of fading discs and evolving disc morphology of galaxies. We note that the progression from blue to red correlates with loosening spiral-arm structure.
Forecasting angular cross-correlations between diffuse X-ray emission and the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect
Authors: Lakey Victoria , Huffenberger Kevin M 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
X-ray emission and the thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich distortion to the cosmic microwave background are two important handles on the gas content of the Universe. The cross-correlation between these effects eliminates noise bias and reduces observational systematics. Using analytic models from Battaglia et al. for the cluster profile, we develop a halo model formalism and forecast the signal-to-noise of measurements from eROSITA and Simons Observatory. With this, we can learn which parameters from our cluster profile are crucial in understanding the gas content of these clusters. In the soft X-ray band (0.5–2 keV), we forecast a signal-to-noise of 174 for the cross-power spectrum. Over a wide range of the scales, the X-rays will be signal-dominated, and so sample variance is important. In particular, non-Gaussian (four-point) contributions to the errors highlight the utility of masking massive clusters. Masking clusters down to $10^{14}\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ increases the signal-to-noise of the cross-spectrum to 201. We perform a Fisher analysis on the fitting coefficients of the gas density and pressure. We find that the cross-spectrum is most sensitive to the overall scale of the profiles of pressure and electron density, as well as cosmological parameters σ8 and H0, but that the large number of parameters form a degenerate set, which makes extracting the information challenging. Our modelling framework is flexible, and in the future, we can easily extend it to forecast the spatial cross-correlations of surveys of X-ray lines available to high-energy-resolution microcalorimetry, to studies of the warm-hot intergalactic medium, and other effects.
The Thousand Pulsar Array programme on MeerKAT – X. Scintillation arcs of 107 pulsars
Authors: Main R A , Parthasarathy A , Johnston S , Karastergiou A , Basu A , Cameron A D , Keith M J , Oswald L S , Posselt B , Reardon D J , Song X , Weltevrede P 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the detection of 107 pulsars with interstellar scintillation arcs at 856–1712 MHz, observed with the MeerKAT Thousand Pulsar Array Programme. Scintillation arcs appear to be ubiquitous in clean, high S/N observations, their detection mainly limited by short observing durations and coarse frequency channel resolution. This led the survey to be sensitive to nearby, lightly scattered pulsars with high effective velocity – from a large proper motion, a screen nearby the pulsar, or a screen near the Earth. We measure the arc curvatures in all of our sources, which can be used to give an estimate of screen distances in pulsars with known proper motion, or an estimate of the proper motion. The short scintillation time-scale in J1731−4744 implies a scattering screen within 12 pc of the source, strongly suggesting the association between this pulsar and the supernova remnant RCW 114. We measure multiple parabolic arcs of five pulsars, all of which are weakly scintillating with high proper motion. Additionally, several sources show hints of inverted arclets suggesting scattering from anisotropic screens. Building on this work, further targeted MeerKAT observations of many of these pulsars will improve understanding of our local scattering environment and the origins of scintillation; annual scintillation curves would lead to robust screen distance measurements, and the evolution of arclets in time and frequency can constrain models of scintillation.
The cosmic-ray induced sputtering process on icy grains
Authors: Arslan Özgün , Hocuk Seyit , Caselli Paola , Küçük İbrahim 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In molecular cloud cores, the cosmic ray (CR) induced sputtering via CR ion-icy grain collision is one of the desorption processes for ice molecules from mantles around dust grains. The efficiency of this process depends on the incident CR ion properties as well as the physicochemical character of the ice mantle. Our main objective is the examination of the sputtering efficiency for H2O and CO ices found in molecular cloud cores. In the calculation routine, we consider a multidimensional parameter space that consists of 30 CR ion types, 5 different CR ion energy flux distributions, 2 separate ice mantle components (pure H2O and CO), 3 ice formation states, and 2 sputtering regimes (linear and quadratic). We find that the sputtering behaviour of H2O and CO ices is dominated by the quadratic regime rather than the linear regime, especially for CO sputtering. The sputtering rate coefficients for H2O and CO ices show distinct variations with respect to the adopted CR ion energy flux as well as the grain-size-dependent mantle depth. The maximum radius of the cylindrical latent region is quite sensitive to the effective electronic stopping power. The track radii for CO ice are much bigger than H2O ice values. In contrast to the H2O mantle, even relatively light CR ions (Z ≥ 4) may lead to a track formation within the CO mantle, depending on Se,eff. We suggest that the latent track formation threshold can be assumed as a separator between the linear and the quadratic regimes for sputtering.
A targeted search for Main Belt Comets
Authors: Ferellec Léa , Snodgrass Colin , Fitzsimmons Alan , Rożek Agata , Gardener Daniel , Smith Richard , Medeiros Hissa , Opitom Cyrielle , Hsieh Henry H 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Main Belt Comets (MBCs) exhibit sublimation-driven activity while occupying asteroid-like orbits in the Main Asteroid Belt. MBCs and candidates show stronger clustering of their longitudes of perihelion around 15° than other objects from the Outer Main Belt (OMB). This potential property of MBCs could facilitate the discovery of new candidates by observing objects in similar orbits. We acquired deep r-band images of 534 targeted asteroids using the Isaac Newton Telescope/Wide Field Camera between 2018 and 2020. Our sample is comprised of OMB objects observed near perihelion, with longitudes of perihelion between 0 and 30° and orbital parameters similar to known MBCs. Our pipeline applied activity detection methods to 319 of these objects to look for tails or comae, and we visually inspected the remaining asteroids. Our activity detection pipeline highlighted a faint antisolar tail-like feature around 2001 NL19 (279870) observed on 2018 November 07, 6 months after perihelion. This is consistent with cometary activity; however, additional observations of this object will be needed during its next perihelion to investigate its potential MBC status. If it is active our survey yields a detection rate of ∼1:300, which is higher than previous similar surveys, supporting the idea of dynamical clustering of MBCs. If not, it is consistent with previously estimated abundance rates of MBCs in the OMB (&lt;1:500).
From Problematic Laggard to Star of the South? The Comparative Significance of the Portuguese Case
Authors: Fishman Robert M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter identifies points of major comparative and theoretical importance of the Portuguese case and reviews hypotheses that are potentially useful for explaining the country’s unusual record of performance and democratic practice. The chapter also considers alternative frames of reference that have been used to compare the Portuguese case with others. Portugal’s status as the pioneer of the worldwide Third Wave of democratization in 1974 marked a clear break in the country’s political development, even though the pre-democratization past continues to exert its influence in various ways. With the functioning of the institutions and political culture put in place by the 1974 Carnation Revolution and its aftermath, Portugal achieved remarkable progress on many dimensions of performance, such as political inclusion, and can be viewed as an unusually successful case. Indeed, according to some indicators, such as women’s participation in the labour force and certain types of cultural tastes, Portuguese data has come closer to the levels found in Northern Europe than the ones from the rest of Southern Europe. This chapters examines several potential explanations for this recent record, while offering important conceptual and theoretical lessons that extend well beyond the Portuguese case.
Do Chronic Low Back Pain and Chronic Widespread Pain differ in their association with Depression Symptoms in the 1958 British Cohort?
Authors: Dickson Cameron , Zhou Ang , MacIntyre Erin , Hyppönen Elina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
Depression frequently coexists with chronic pain. Contemporary models suggest that these conditions share pathobiological mechanisms, prompting a need to investigate their temporal association. This investigation aimed to explore two distinctly different chronic pain conditions, and their cross-sectional and prospective associations with depression.

Methods
Self-reported information was available on chronic widespread pain (CWP), chronic low back pain (CLBP) (45 years), and depression symptoms (45 and 50 years) from up to 9,377 participants in the 1958 British cohort. Depression symptom outcomes were derived by “Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised” (45 years) and “Short Form-36” (50 years). Relationships between both chronic pain conditions and depression symptoms were investigated by fitting four separate logistic regression models, each with varying levels of covariate adjustment, including depression at baseline.

Results
CWP was associated with depression symptoms cross-sectionally (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.65, 2.52; P &lt; 0.001, n = 7,629), and prospectively when fully adjusted for baseline, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health covariates (OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.17, 1.80; P = &lt; 0.001, n = 6,275). CLBP was associated with depression symptoms prospectively (full model: OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.01, 1.61; P = 0.04, n = 6,288). In fully adjusted models the prospective association of CWP with depression symptoms was more heavily influenced by our covariates than CLBP with depression symptoms.

Conclusion
Pain may be a stressor from which depression can arise. Development of depression may be differentially dependant upon the type of pain experienced. Screening for depression symptoms among individuals with both chronic pain conditions is indicated and should be repeated over time.
Preclinical ocular changes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Pelegrín Laura , Morató Montse , Araújo Olga , Figueras-Roca Marc , Zarranz-Ventura Javier , Adán Alfredo , Cervera Ricard , Casaroli-Marano Ricardo P , Budi Vanesa , Barrera-López Lucía , Ríos José , Hernández-Rodríguez José , Espinosa Gerard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the present study was to detect preclinical changes in SLE patients in retinal microvascularization or retinal and optical nerve structure by optical coherence tomography.

Methods
This cross-sectional, single-centre study aimed to describe structural changes [macular and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness] by structural spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and perifoveal vascular [vessel density (VD) and vascular perfusion (VP) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) structural parameters] findings by OCT angiography (OCTA) in 78 SLE patients and 80 healthy volunteers. In addition, we analysed their association with clinical and laboratory parameters, medications received, disease duration, and SLE activity and damage.

Results
Structural parameters by SD-OCT and perifoveal vascular parameters by OCTA were decreased in SLE patients compared with controls. OCTA parameters (VD, VP and FAZ circularity) and macular thickness were also decreased in patients with longer disease duration (&gt;10 years). The presence of aPLs was associated with a decreased RNFL thickness, mainly in the inferior quadrants. Patients developing APS also showed decreased RNFL thickness and OCTA flow changes. SD-OCT and OCTA results were not associated with disease activity. Foveal structural parameters were lower in patients with higher damage score.

Conclusion
SD-OCT and OCTA can detect preclinical structural and microcirculatory changes in SLE patients. Structural and perifoveal vascular macular changes in SLE patients are related to disease duration. Macular structural parameters were impaired in patients with higher disease damage. APS seems to be associated with preclinical damage to the optic nerve and impairment of the perifoveal microvasculature.
Identifying hidden Zika hotspots in Pernambuco, Brazil: a spatial analysis
Authors: Freitas Laís Picinini , Lowe Rachel , Koepp Andrew E , Alves Sandra Valongueiro , Dondero Molly , Marteleto Letícia J 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundNortheast Brazil has the world's highest rate of Zika-related microcephaly. However, Zika case counts cannot accurately describe burden because mandatory reporting was only established when the epidemic was declining in the region.MethodsTo advance the study of the Zika epidemic, we identified hotspots of Zika in Pernambuco state, Northeast Brazil, using Aedes-borne diseases (dengue, chikungunya and Zika) and microcephaly data. We used Kulldorff's Poisson purely spatial scan statistic to detect low- and high-risk clusters for Aedes-borne diseases (2014–2017) and for microcephaly (2015–2017), separately. Municipalities were classified according to a proposed gradient of Zika burden during the epidemic, based on the combination of cluster status in each analysis and considering the strength of the evidence.ResultsWe identified 26 Aedes-borne diseases clusters (11 high-risk) and 5 microcephaly clusters (3 high-risk) in Pernambuco. According to the proposed Zika burden gradient, our results indicate that the northeast of Pernambuco and the Sertão region were hit hardest by the Zika epidemic. The first is the most populous area of Pernambuco, while the second has one of the highest rates of social and economic inequality in Brazil.ConclusionWe successfully identified possible hidden Zika hotspots using a simple methodology combining Aedes-borne diseases and microcephaly information.
A new Miyake–Apple View system using a nasal endoscope
Authors: Sugiura Takeshi , Takashima Naomi , Hirota Atsushi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
To evaluate images and videos behind the anterior segment of cataract surgery with the porcine eye using a new Miyake-Apple View with a nasal endoscope.

Setting:
Sugiura Eye Clinic

Design:
Laboratory study

Method:
Make a hole in a commercially available wooden desk and fix the nasal endoscope under the desk. A tunnel for passing the probe of the nasal endoscope was opened on a Styrofoam human-faced base, and the probe was passed through. A 3 mm x 3 mm incision was made behind the globe and a nasal endoscope probe was inserted to observe the posterior anterior segment of the eye.

Result:
The posterior part of the anterior segment of the eye could be clearly observed, and each procedure (hydrodissection, phacoemulsification, irrigation and aspiration and insertion and fixation of intraocular lens (IOL)) in normal cataract surgery could be observed from the posterior. Lighting could be improved.

Conclusion:
The conventional Miyake-Apple View required a large-scale custom-made device, which was expensive and could not be taken easily, and required to cut the globe and a technique to fix it to the glass plate. However, this method made it easy to prepare for shooting and the equipment was inexpensive. Furthermore, it had the great advantage of not having to cut the globe. Since the integrity of the globe was maintained, normal cataract surgery could be reproduced and dynamic observation from the back became possible. It was useful for practicing cataract surgery and examining the fixed state of new IOLs.