bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust statistical boosting with quantile-based adaptive loss functions
Authors: Speller Jan , Staerk Christian , Mayr Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We combine robust loss functions with statistical boosting algorithms in an adaptive way to perform variable selection and predictive modelling for potentially high-dimensional biomedical data. To achieve robustness against outliers in the outcome variable (vertical outliers), we consider different composite robust loss functions together with base-learners for linear regression. For composite loss functions, such as the Huber loss and the Bisquare loss, a threshold parameter has to be specified that controls the robustness. In the context of boosting algorithms, we propose an approach that adapts the threshold parameter of composite robust losses in each iteration to the current sizes of residuals, based on a fixed quantile level. We compared the performance of our approach to classical M-regression, boosting with standard loss functions or the lasso regarding prediction accuracy and variable selection in different simulated settings: the adaptive Huber and Bisquare losses led to a better performance when the outcome contained outliers or was affected by specific types of corruption. For non-corrupted data, our approach yielded a similar performance to boosting with the efficient L
2 loss or the lasso. Also in the analysis of skewed KRT19 protein expression data based on gene expression measurements from human cancer cell lines (NCI-60 cell line panel), boosting with the new adaptive loss functions performed favourably compared to standard loss functions or competing robust approaches regarding prediction accuracy and resulted in very sparse models.
Emerging role of a systems biology approach to elucidate factors of reduced penetrance: transcriptional changes in THAP1-linked dystonia as an example
Authors: Diaw Sokhna Haissatou , Ott Fabian , Münchau Alexander , Lohmann Katja , Busch Hauke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Pathogenic variants in THAP1 can cause dystonia with a penetrance of about 50 %. The underlying mechanisms are unknown and can be considered as means of endogenous disease protection. Since THAP1 encodes a transcription factor, drivers of this variability putatively act at the transcriptome level. Several transcriptome studies tried to elucidate THAP1 function in diverse cellular and mouse models, including mutation carrier-derived cells and iPSC-derived neurons, unveiling various differentially expressed genes and affected pathways. These include nervous system development, dopamine signalling, myelination, or cell-cell adhesion. A network diffusion analysis revealed mRNA splicing, mitochondria, DNA repair, and metabolism as significant pathways that may represent potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Patient-derived cells – an irreplaceable tool for research of reduced penetrance in movement disorders
Authors: Seibler Philip , Rakovic Aleksandar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Movement disorders comprise a clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases associated with the phenomenon of reduced penetrance. Penetrance refers to the likelihood that a clinical condition will occur when a particular genotype is present. Elucidating the cause of reduced penetrance may contribute to more personalized medicine by identifying genetic factors that may prevent individuals from developing disease. Therefore, patient material becomes an irreplaceable resource in this approach. It is needed to identify genetic modifiers of the disease in the first place and to subsequently elucidate underlying mechanisms in endogenous human cell models that provide the entire genetic background.
Systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies on Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kappen Sophia , Bottigliengo Daniele , Caliebe Amke , Del Greco M. Fabiola , König Inke R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Parkinson‘s disease (PD) is known to be associated with non-genetic factors. To infer causality, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies are increasingly used. Here, genetic variants are used as instrumental variables for the risk factor but have no direct effect on PD themselves.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature review on MR studies for PD. Studies were identified searching the PubMed database. Upon data extraction, we evaluated the methodological quality and summarized the evidence.

Results
Twelve articles were included. Most studies showed “good” methodological quality, but most did not report proper power estimations. Twelve analyses yielded nominally significant effects.

Conclusions
Our systematic review shows that most MR studies were well performed and allow to identify causal exposures, which may inform further studies on the prevention and early intervention of PD.
Study on graphene-based emulsions as oil displacement agent
Authors: Li Xin , Chen Yang , Tian Yuqin , Zheng Shuang , Zhu Rongjiao , Feng Xia , Liu Cunhui , Zhang Yichen , Chen Jingyi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by the improved Hummers method, and a synergistically stabilized emulsion of GO and emulsifier was formulated. The best emulsion formula obtained by Response Surface Methodology consists of 1.39‰ GO, and 2.92‰ OP-10; the water-oil ratio is 4:6, achieving an emulsion index of 92.83%. The emulsion still maintained good stability under high temperature and high salt conditions, meeting the environmental requirements of medium and low permeability reservoirs. For injected water flooding, emulsion flooding could increase the oil recovery by 15.41%.
Salicylic acid‐activated BIN2 phosphorylation of TGA3 promotes Arabidopsis PR gene expression and disease resistance
Authors: Han Qing , Tan Wenrong , Zhao Yuqing , Yang Feng , Yao Xiuhong , Lin Honghui , Zhang Dawei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe plant defense hormone, salicylic acid (SA), plays essential roles in immunity and systemic acquired resistance. Salicylic acid induced by the pathogen is perceived by the receptor nonexpressor of pathogenesis‐related genes 1 (NPR1), which is recruited by TGA transcription factors to induce the expression of pathogenesis‐related (PR) genes. However, the mechanism by which post‐translational modifications affect TGA's transcriptional activity by salicylic acid signaling/pathogen infection is not well‐established. Here, we report that the loss‐of‐function mutant of brassinosteroid insensitive2 (BIN2) and its homologs, bin2‐3 bil1 bil2, causes impaired pathogen resistance and insensitivity to SA‐induced PR gene expression, whereas the gain‐of‐function mutant, bin2‐1, exhibited enhanced SA signaling and immunity against the pathogen. Our results demonstrate that salicylic acid activates BIN2 kinase, which in turn phosphorylates TGA3 at Ser33 to enhance TGA3 DNA binding ability and NPR1–TGA3 complex formation, leading to the activation of PR gene expression. These findings implicate BIN2 as a new component of salicylic acid signaling, functioning as a key node in balancing brassinosteroid‐mediated plant growth and SA‐induced immunity.
HUBUNGAN KETERAMPILAN EKSTRAKURIKULER PRAMUKA DAN KEMANDIRIAN DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR IPS KELAS V
Authors: Ariyadi Bayu 
Published: August 2022

Siswa yang aktif dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dan mempunyai sikap kemandirian belajar yang baik maka semakin tinggi prestasi belajar IPS siswa. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di SDN Gugus Diponegoro Ngaliyan ditemukan masalah bahwa kurang efektifnya kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dan rendahnya kemandirian siswa dalam belajar sehingga menyebabkan hasil belajar IPS yang didapatkan kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara keterampilan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dan sikap kemandirian dengan prestasi belajar IPS siswa kelas V SDN Gugus Diponegoro Ngaliyan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh: 1) hasil r hitung > r tabel (0,719 > 0, 181) termasuk kategori kuat; 2) hasil koefisien determinasi diperoleh kontribusi aktivitas belajar dan disiplin dengan hasil belajar IPS siswa sebesar 51,8%, sedangkan sisanya 48,2% dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang tidak diteliti. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan positif dan signifikan antara keterampilan ekstrakurikuler pramuka dan sikap kemandirian dengan prestasi belajar IPS siswa kelas V SDN Gugus Diponegoro Kecamatan Ngaliyan Kota Semarang.
Students who have scout skills and good independent attitude in learning than will be high learning achievement of social studies. Based on research at Elementary School at Gugus Diponegoro Ngaliyan found the problem that scout activities are less effective and low self direction attitude in learning social so that the students achievement of social studies are not optimal. The purpose of this research is to test the positive and significant relationship between students scout skills and good self direction attitude with the achievement of social studies 5th grade Elementary School at Gugus Diponegoro Ngaliyan. The type of research is correlation research using quantitative approach. From the research results obtained: 1) r count > r table (0,719 > 0, 181) including strong category; 2) the result coefficient of determination found that the contribution of learning motivation and learning discipline to student learning outcomes is 51,8% and the remaining 48,2% was contributed by other factors. So it can be concluded that there was a positive and significant relationship between students scout skills and good self direction attitude with the achievement of social studies 5th grade Elementary School at Gugus Diponegoro Ngaliyan.
Keefektifan Model Make A Match Berbantuan Papan Perkalian Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Perkalian
Authors: Ningrum Kurnia Sari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The mathematics learning in the second grade of Srikandi Cluster Elementary School Semarang were still using conventional models, peer tutors, binggo games, and a lack of innovation in learning media. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the make a match learning model assisted by the multiplication board media compared to the blackboard-assisted model on understanding the concept of multiplication. This research was an experimental study with a quasi experimental design. The sampling technique used random sample sampling. The data collection techniques were interviews, documentation and tests. The data analysis technique used the learning mastery test, hypothesis test and n-gain test. The results of the learning mastery test of the experimental class were more than 75%, amounted to 76,77% while the control class only got a score of 66,33%, the results of the hypothesis test showed that tcount (19,690)> ttable (2.002), and the results of the n-gain test for the experimental class were higher than the control class, which was 0.711 included in the high category, while the control class was 0.194 included in the low category. So it can be concluded that the make a match learning model assisted by the multiplication board media in the experimental class was effective than the blackboard-assisted learning model.
Abstrak
Pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika kelas II SDN Gugus Srikandi Semarang cenderung menggunakan model konvensional, tutor sebaya, penerapan permainan binggo, serta kurangnya inovasi media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji keefektifan model pembelajaran make a match berbantuan media papan perkalian dibandingkan model
kelas kontrol berbantuan papan tulis terhadap pemahaman konsep perkalian. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen menggunakan quasi experimental design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sample random sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji ketuntasan belajar, uji hipotesis dan uji n-gain. Hasil uji ketuntasan belajar kelas eksperimen lebih dari 75% yaitu 76,77% sedangkan kelas kontrol 66,33%, hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan thitung (19,690) > ttabel (2,002), dan hasil uji n-gain kelas eksperimen lebih besar daripada kelas kontrol yaitu 0,711 termasuk kategori tinggi, sedangkan kelas kontrol 0,194 termasuk kategori rendah. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran make a match berbantuan media papan perkalian pada kelas eksperimen efektif daripada model pembelajaran kelas kontrol berbantuan papan tulis.
HUBUNGAN GAYA BELAJAR DAN MINAT BELAJAR DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS KELAS IV
Authors: YUNITA ELA 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji hubungan antara gaya belajar dan minat belajar dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Kartini Kabupaten Pati. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN Gugus Kartini Kabupaten Pati yang berjumlah 121 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Uji instrumen distandarisasi dengan uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Uji prasyarat analisis dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, liniearitas, dan multikolinearitas. Sedangkan teknik analisis data dengan statistik deskriptif, analisis korelasi Product Moment, analisis korelasi ganda, uji signifikansi, analisis regresi linear sederhana, analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara gaya belajar dan minat belajar secara bersama-sama dengan hasil belajar siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil rhitung=0,631 > nilai rtabel=0,176. Kontribusi variabel gaya belajar dan minat belajar terhadap hasil belajar IPS sebesar 62,8% dan termasuk dalam kategori kuat.
The purpose of this research was to examine the correlation between learning styles and learning interest toward social studies learning outcomes of the fourth grade students at elementary school of Kartini Cluster, Pati Regency. The type of this research is correlation study. The population in this research were the fourth grade students of elementary school of Kartini Cluster, Pati Regency and consisted of 121 students. The sampling technique used Saturated Sampling. Data collection techniques used questionnaries, documentation, and interviews. The instrument test was standardized by using validity and reliability tests. The prerequisite analysis test used the normality, linearity, and multicollinearity tests. While the data analysis technique used descriptive statistics, Product Moment correlation analysis, multiple correlation analysis, significant test, simple linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis. The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between learning styles and learning interest together toward social studies outcomes that proved by its score was 0.631 and the value of table data= 0.176. The contribution of learning styles and learning interest variables on social studies learning outcomes was 62.8% included in the strong category.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA SCRAPBOOK DIGITAL MODEL PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING PADA MUATAN IPS
Authors: Yono Sugi , Estiastuti Arini 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan, menguji kelayakan, dan menguji keefektifan pada media pembelajaran Scrapbook Digital model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) muatan IPS materi manfaat sumber daya alam dalam bidang ekonomi kelas IVB SD Sampangan 01. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian pengembangan dengan one group pretest posttest. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan 36 siswa kelas IVB SD Negeri Sampangan 01 Semarang Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, angket, tes, dan dokumentasi. Analisis yang digunakan adalah uji normalitas, uji t-test dan uji peningkatan rata-rata (N-Gain). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Dalam mengembangkan media Scrapbook Digital model PBL menggunakan software Corel Draw x7 untuk desain gambar dan Macromedia Flash 8 untuk menggabungkan semua komponen; (2) Persentase penilaian media Scrapbook Digital model PBL oleh ahli media sebesar 74% (Layak) dan ahli materi sebesar 88% (Sangat Layak); (3) Pada uji normalitas data pre-test post-test berdistribusi normal, pada uji t-test diperoleh thitung = 6,292 > ttabel = 2,030 maka Ha diterima, hasil uji N-gain sebesar 0,37 dengan kriteria sedang. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah media pembelajaran Scrapbook digital model PBL layak dan efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran mupel IPS materi manfaat sumber daya alam dalam bidang ekonomi.
The purpose of the research was to develop, test the feasibility, and test the effectiveness of the Digital Scrapbook media with the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in social studies with content the benefits of natural resources in the economic field for grade 4th B Sampangan 01 elementary school. This study used a development research design with one group pretest posttest, the subjects of this study were teacher and 36 students grade 4th B Sampangan 01 elementary school. The data collection technique used interviews, observations, questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The analysis used normality test, t-test and average increase test (N-Gain). The results showed that : (1) in development Digital Scrapbook Media with PBL model using Corel Draw x7 software for image design and Macromedia Flash 8 to combine all components; (2) Percentage assessment of Digital Scrapbook Media with PBL model by media experts is 74% (eligible) and material experts is 88% (Very Eligible); (3) In the normality test, the pre-test post-test data were normally distributed, the t-test test obtained tcount = 6,292 > ttable = 2,030 then Ha was accepted, N-gain test result was 0.37 with moderate criteria. In conclusion, the digital scrapbook media with PBL model is feasible and effective to be used in social studies learning about the benefit of natural resources in the economic field.
IMPLEMENTASI PENANANAMAN SIKAP TANGGUNG JAWAB MELALUI KEGIATAN LITERASI PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: Khoiriyah Uswatun Khoiriyah , Sukasih Sri 
Published: August 2022

Abstrak
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan mengenai implementasi penanaman sikap tanggung jawab melalui kegiatan literasi penguatan pendidikan karakter siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Cawas yang terletak di Kabupaten Klaten. Pupulasi penelitian ini berjumlah 28 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan uji credibility dan uji confirmability. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan: (1) Tahapan dalam membentuk penanaaman sikap tanggung jawab siswa V SD Negeri 1 Cawas diantaranya yaitu; pemberian contoh/ teladan, pembiasaan, dan penguatan; (2) Terdapat beberapa hambatan dalam penelitian diantaranya hambatan dari sekolah, guru dan siswa; (3) Respons penerimaan yang terjadi adalah terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan dan wawasan pada diri siswa. Selain itu, siswa juga memunculkan karakter baik, seperti sikap disipilin, sikap tanggung jawab, dan karakter baik lainnya. Namun, masih terdapat respons penolakan seperti respons siswa yang belum serius atau malas-malasan dalam melakukan kegiatan literasi akan tetapi, masih dominan dengan respons penerimaan karena kegiatan literasi menjadi kegiatan yang wajib maka, kegiatan ini sudah menjadi rutinitas yang disambut dengan antusias siswa yang bersemangat dalam mengikuti kegiatan literasi penguatan pendidikan karakter
This research is descriptive qualitative. This study aims to describe the research conducted on inculcating an attitude of responsibility through literacy activities to strengthen character education for class V SD Negeri 1 Cawas located in Klaten Regency. The population of this study found 28 students. Data were collected by observation, interviews, and documentation. Test the validity of the data using the credibility test and confirmability test. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model. The results of the research conducted: (1) The stages in forming the responsible attitude of V SD Negeri 1 Cawas students include; presenting examples/ role models, habituation, and reinforcement; (2) There are several obstacles in the research including barriers from schools, teachers and students; (3) The acceptance response that occurs is an increase in students' knowledge and insight. In addition, students also raise good characters, such as dicipline and responsibility. However, there are still responses such as student responses that are not yet serious or lazy in carrying out literacy activities, however, they are still dominant with acceptance responses because literacy activities are mandatory activities, so this activity has become a routine that is enthusiastically welcomed by students who are passionate about leaarning to participate in literacy activities to strengthen character education.
Possible involvement of annexin A6 in preferential sperm penetration in the germinal disk region
Authors: Ichikawa Yoshinobu , Matsuzaki Mei , Mizushima Shusei , Sasanami Tomohiro 
Published: August 2022

Graphical abstract

Abstract
During fertilization, avian sperm preferentially penetrate into the perivitelline membrane that covers the germinal disk region where the female nucleus is present. This phenomenon has been observed not only in domestic birds but also in wild birds; however, the mechanisms controlling sperm preference are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of annexin family protein in sperm–egg interaction in Japanese quail. Microscopic examination of fertilized eggs indicated that quail sperm penetration only occurred in the germinal disk region, and sperm localized outside the germinal disk were trapped in the perivitelline membrane. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy revealed the presence of annexin A1 and A6 in the oocyte membrane, while annexin A6 localized in the perivitelline space of the germinal disk region. Further, our sperm binding assay using recombinant annexin A6 demonstrated that ejaculated sperm specifically bound to annexin A6 expressed in mammalian cell lines. These results suggest that annexin A6, which is expressed on the surface of oocytes, may function in sperm–egg interaction in the germinal disk region and that this binding may ensure sperm retention on the surface of the egg plasma membrane until fertilization takes place in Japanese quail.

Lay summary
In bird species, fertilization takes place immediately after ovulation of the egg. Sperm preferentially penetrate a specific area of the egg coating that covers the ‘germinal disk region’ – this area contains the cell that needs to be fertilized by a sperm. However, since the bird egg is extremely large in size and sperm must reach the ‘germinal disk region’ to achieve fertilization, it is unclear how this happens. Annexin proteins support fertilization in mammals, and we found that annexin A6 protein exhibits a unique localization in the germinal disk region in the eggs of Japanese quail. To test this interaction, we incubated quail sperm with cells that produced annexin A6 and found that ejaculated sperm bound to the cells. These results suggest that annexin A6 may have a role in the sperm–egg interaction in the germinal disk region in Japanese quail.