bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental Implants for the general dental practitioner. Part 1: overview and assessment
Authors: Jones Oliver , Hoyle Philippa , Patel Rajesh 
Published: January 2022

Dental implants have become an increasingly prevalent treatment option for the replacement of missing teeth. Multiple studies have reported survival rates for implant supported restorations above 90% after 10 years. However, dental implants are not without complications and with their increasing placement, it is more likely that primary care dentists and dental care professionals will encounter patients presenting with problems. The first article in this two-part series provides an overview of implant components and relevant anatomy, as well as outlining a systematic method of undertaking a clinical and radiographical examination of dental implants. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This series highlights important aspects of dental implants and their associated restorations that dental care professionals should consider when examining and maintaining such restorations, as well as providing an overview of associated biological and mechanical complications.
Pharmaceutical waste: Where's the harm?
Authors: Burke Aoife , Hutchinson Aoife , Johnstone Bridget , Varma Maitray , Husain Hanan , Porter Holly , Rickard Fiona , Sebastian Iriene , Tecle Hermela , Duane Brett 
Published: January 2022

Increasingly, healthcare practitioners need to be concerned not only with the type and dose of the medication prescribed to dental patients, but also to how waste is managed. This article discusses the results of a literature review on the harm both to the environment and population health caused by pharmaceutical waste and looks at potential ways of mitigating this worldwide problem. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The dental team needs to consider how they manage not only general clinical waste but their specific responsibility for pharmaceutical waste
When to consider the use of CBCT in endodontic treatment planning in adults
Authors: Patel Nisha , Gemmell Andrew , Edwards David 
Published: January 2022

With the recent publication of European Society of Endodontology (ESE) position statements, newly proposed three-dimensional (3D) classification for external cervical resorption and new techniques such as guided access using 3D printed splints, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has never been more important in endodontics. Furthermore, CBCT machines are becoming more affordable, resulting in imaging being more accessible in primary and secondary care. This, aligned with higher resolution images at lower effective doses, means CBCT must now be considered when planning and delivering a range of endodontic procedures. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To review the use of CBCT in endodontics and raise awareness of its indications in primary and secondary care.
A pain in the neck: cervical lymphadenopathy in metastatic disease
Authors: Virdee Jaspreet , Hazara Roya , Amin Michael 
Published: January 2022

Cervical lymphadenopathy can serve as a silent progressive indicator of systemic pathology and metastatic disease. Incidental or asymptomatic cervical lymphadenopathy can present a clinical dilemma when deciding on appropriate referral pathways and in specialist investigations. Metastasis to the head and neck may be more easily identified than locating the primary tumour site, which often requires a multitude of investigations to achieve an accurate diagnosis. As highlighted in this case report, primary care dentists play a central role in identification of patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who may require urgent specialist input in the context of subclavicular disease. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article highlights the clinical assessment of cervical lymphadenopathy and the investigatory tools used in secondary care to facilitate diagnosis.
The impact of drug therapy on minor oral surgery procedures
Authors: Saleem Khadeeja , Ahmad Paras , Asif Jawaad Ahmed , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: January 2022

Some advanced and slightly more invasive treatments require the use of certain drugs before, during and after the treatment like local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, anxiolytics, analgesics and antibiotics. All of these can possibly interact with medications a patient is already taking and can also interfere with the current dental treatment and create complications. This article aims to provide necessary information about commonly encountered systemic diseases and associated treating medications, their mechanism of action, possible complications and their management. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article discusses drugs that are used for treating various systemic conditions, but can have a harmful effect on minor oral surgery procedures.
Palliative care in Japanese long-term care facilities
Authors: Iida Kieko , Ryan Assumpta , Payne Sheila , Hasson Felicity , McIlfatrick Sonja 
Published: January 2022

Background:Internationally, the demand for the provision of high-quality palliative care is increasing exponentially. Japan is a rapidly ageing society and it is therefore important to understand the current context to develop practice and inform future resource allocation in long-term care facilities (LTCFs).Aim:To describe the broad context of palliative care services, practice, education and policies in LTCFs in Japan.Methods:A process of expert elicitation and documentary review undertaken. The WHO palliative care model for public health was used as an analytical framework.Findings:Several deficits were identified regarding palliative care in Japanese LTCFs: a lack of palliative care strategy and standardised training for staff, and limited information on the use of palliative care medicines, quality improvement tools and frameworks.Conclusion:Such deficits need to be addressed to inform current nursing practice, future training needs for staff, quality care initiatives and decision making for advance care planning and resource allocation to respond to the ever-increasing demand for palliative care in these settings.
Hospice palliative care professionals' opinions, emotions, skills and ethical reflections during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Tosi Chiara 
Published: January 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic presented an extraordinary challenge for palliative care in Italy. Aim: To investigate the opinions, emotions, skills, resources, critical issues and ethical aspects of palliative care encountered by hospice palliative care professionals in Italy. Methods: Content analysis was performed on the answers to a survey distributed by e-mail. Findings: A sample of 42 professionals completed the survey. They commonly experienced the pandemic as a challenging situation that highlighted the need for an upgrade to the Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN). Conflicting emotions emerged, namely fear, frustration and sadness, but also hope and solidarity. The lack of adequate personal protective equipment and the fact that caregivers were unable to access their patients due to concerns of infection were the most critical problems. The need for greater training on communication skills and training on end-of-life issues were emphasised by the participants of the survey. Regarding ethical aspects of providing palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of guaranteeing humane care and patients' dignity was mentioned. Conclusion: The importance of specific training regarding end-of-life care and the central role of empathic communication were confirmed.
Ewe colostrum quality on commercial Welsh sheep farms
Authors: Page Phillipa , Sherwin Ginny , Sampson Rosalie , Phillips Kate , Lovatt Fiona 
Published: January 2022

In advance of the 2020 lambing season, 147 Welsh farmers were engaged in active colostrum management through training and discussion groups. Sixty-four of these farmers returned data on 1295 ewes, including ewe age, breed, body condition score (BCS), number of live and dead lambs born, a description of udder condition, colour of colostrum and a Brix reading. Flock numbers were available from 43 farmers and information on late pregnancy ration from 30 farms. Results were analysed using a Brix reading cut-off of 26.5% and showed that 76% of samples exceeded this level and were considered of good quality. With an average of 20 ewe colostrum samples returned per flock, the greatest variation was found to be at the flock level with ewe nutrition considered to be the greatest driver. Concentrate feed space, silage crude protein and the supplementation of concentrates to twin and triplet-bearing ewes were all factors that indicated a potential flock level role in determining the colostrum quality. Individual level ewe factors appeared to have a much smaller role in determining the quality of the colostrum, with the ease of stripping being the main significant factors. Colostrum quality was more likely to be inadequate if the ewe was reported to be hard to strip (OR 0.56). While not significant in the final regression model, other ewe factors appeared to have an impact on the colostrum quality, such as the BCS and number of lambs born; however, lack of significance in the model may mean they are not significant or that they reflect differences in management between different flocks. As UK sheep farmers prepare for lambing 2022, and continue to optimise colostrum management and reduce levels of antibiotic given to neonatal lambs, this practical study has demonstrated how sheep farmers can be actively motivated to measure colostrum quality to determine how to optimally manage colostral antibody delivery to individual lambs.
Shift in Understanding of The Quran and Hadith about The Early Time of Subuh (Case Study Of Muhammadiyah)
Authors: Danarta Agung 
Published: January 2022

Awal waktu subuh menjadi perbincangan yang kontroversial. Ada pernyataan dari sebuah komunitas yang menyatakan bahwa waktu shalat Subuh di Indonesia terlalu pagi. Para ulama juga berbeda dalam menentukan ketinggian matahari waktu subuh. Demikian halnya dengan Muhammadiyah. Pada Munas Tarjih tahun 2020, Muhammadiyah telah menggeser awal waktu subuh dari -20 derajat menjadi -18 derajat. Tulisan ini mengungkap berbagai argumentasi Muhammadiyah yang melatar belakangi perubahan sikap dalam menentukan awal waktu subuh serta implikasinya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kajian pustaka dan bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tehnik analisa isi (content analysis). Berdasar penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pergeseran pendapat fikih Muhammadiyah terhadap awal waktu subuh bukan bermula dari kajian teks al-Qur'an dan hadis, tetapi bersumber pada riset empirik yang dilakukan oleh 3 (tiga) lembaga riset astronomi yang dimiliki oleh Muhammadiyah. Hanya saja hasil riset tersebut masih berada dalam bingkai pemahaman atas teks al-Qur'an dan hadis. Hasil riset semuanya menunjukkan bahwa pada posisi matahari -20 derajat fajar shadiq belum nampak. Fajar shadiq baru nampak pada posisi matahari -18 derajat atau bahkan lebih kecil lagi. Keberanian Muhammadiyah untuk menggeser awal waktu subuh juga didukung oleh fakta bahwa ulama falaq juga berbeda pendapat dan tidak bersepaham mengenai awal waktu Subuh dalam rentang mulai 16 derajat – 20 derajat. Begitu juga dengan berbagai negara di dunia juga berbeda dalam menetapkan standar awal waktu subuh dalam rentang 17.5 derajat – 20 derajat.
Dietary food additive monosodium glutamate with or without high-lipid diet induces spleen anomaly: A mechanistic approach on rat model
Authors: Das Debasmita , Banerjee Arnab , Bhattacharjee Ankita , Mukherjee Sandip , Maji Bithin Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Globally, the trend of using food additives and eating ready-made fast food has led to a deleterious impact on immune organs. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), as a food additive in a high-lipid diet (HLD), acts as a silent killer of immune cells. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the role of MSG in HLD on spleen injury in rats. Results showed that a 2.52-fold and 1.91-fold increase in spleen index in MSG and MSG + HLD group indicates splenomegaly, whereas a 1.36-fold and 1.29-fold increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in MSG and MSG + HLD-fed rats, respectively, promote the inflammatory response. Additionally, MSG and MSG + HLD induce oxidative stress by 1.81-fold and 1.1-fold increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophage population, and 1.38-fold and 1.36-fold increased generation of ROS in lymphocytes population, respectively. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly reduced by 1.43-fold and 1.18-fold in MSG and MSG + HLD groups. Therefore, the current study argues that MSG has more detrimental effects on the spleen than MSG + HLD due to the presence of antioxidants in HLD, which suppresses the deleterious impact of MSG. Hence, it can be inferred that MSG induces spleen injury via targeting redox-guided cellular signaling with inflammatory response, leading to severe immune system anomalies.
Development of teaching material for green and sustainable chemistry in Japan
Authors: Imai Izumi , Tsuchiya Yuka , Ogino Kazuko , Ueno Keiji , Tomita Hitoshi , Makide Kentaro , Tominaga Ken-ichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study first developed content for a series of textbooks on green and sustainable chemistry (hereinafter referred to as GSC) targeted for university use. The textbooks focus on technology and products that have been awarded prizes in recognition of their contribution and performance toward GSC promotion. We also supplemented the textbooks with a video teaching material on dyeing systems that do not use water. We then surveyed aspiring secondary school teachers about the developed teaching materials using the questionnaire method. The results from university students’ questionnaires showed that 82% understood the importance of GSC and were interested in the subject. Second, we developed a series of leaflets on GSC targeted for use in upper secondary schools. Specifically, the content emphasizes the relationship between high school chemistry textbooks and daily life, other subjects, society, and the global environment. The results showed that approximately 60% of the senior high school students’ first impression of the leaflet was “interesting.” Twenty years after GSC has been defined, it has still not become completely pervasive in Japan. In the future, it will be necessary to foster instructors capable of teaching GSC in secondary education.
Implementation science in New Zealand naturopathic practice: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Leach Matthew J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Understanding and addressing the barriers to evidence-based practice (EBP) falls within the realm of implementation science. To date, disciplines such as naturopathy have paid little attention to implementation science, meaning the obstacles to delivering best practice care have largely been ignored. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the determinants of evidence implementation in New Zealand naturopathic practice.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was open to all New Zealand naturopaths who had Internet access, and were fluent in the English language. Participants were invited to complete the 84-item Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization Survey (EBASE) online between February and July 2020.

Results
The survey was completed in full by 104 naturopaths (86% female; 55% aged 40–59 years). While attitudes toward EBP were generally favourable, engagement in EBP activities was reported at a moderate-low level. Factors potentially contributing to the modest uptake of EBP were the moderate level of self-reported EBP-related skill, lack of clinical evidence in naturopathy and lack of time. Enablers of EBP uptake that were supported by the majority of participants were access to the Internet, online databases, EBP education materials, and full-text journal articles.

Conclusions
This study has provided much-needed insight into the level of EBP engagement among New Zealand naturopaths, as well as the various factors impacting evidence implementation. Attitude did not pose a major barrier to evidence implementation; rather, the barriers were largely structural, cognitive and cultural. This suggests that the barriers to EBP uptake in naturopathy are not unsurmountable.
The crystal structure of dichlorido-(2-((4-phenyl-2H-1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)methyl)pyridine-κ2
N,N′)palladium(II), C14H12Cl2N4Pd
Authors: Si Xiang , Yan Qiong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
C14H12Cl2N4Pd, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.990(3) Å, b = 13.027(3) Å, c = 9.730(2) Å, β = 92.163(4)°, V = 1518.7(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0290, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0856, T = 296(2) K.

CCDC no.: 2118554
Comparative assessment of short-term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome without percutaneous coronary intervention based on the GRACE, TIMI, RECORD, PREDICT scales
Authors: Alnaser M. , Sychev I. V. , Pushkina Ya. A. , Goncharova L. N. 
Published: January 2022

Aim. To conduct a comparative assessment of the short-term prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS) without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) based on the Global Registry of Acute Cardiac Events (GRACE), Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI), RECORD, PREdicting risk of Death In Cardiac disease Tool (PREDICT) scales and to ident ify the most significant markers of fatal and non-fatal complications.Material and methods. Eighty-two STE-ACS patients without PCI were examined. Risk assessment was carried out using the GRACE, TIMI, RECORD, and PREDICT scales. Outcomes were assessed 30 days after markers. To assess the predictive value of above scales, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp), as well as relative risk with a 95% confidence interval, were calculated.Results. Comparative analysis of the prognosis of developing fatal complications in STE-ACS patients without PCI revealed the following predictive characteristics of scales: GRAСE — Se=1,000, Sp=0,54, χ2=25,763 (p<0,001); PREDICT — Se=0,281, Sp=0,96, χ2=20,297 (p<0,001); TIMI — Se=0,75, Sp=0,94, χ2=51,985 (p<0,001); RECORD — Se=1,000, Sp=0,48, χ2=21,716 (p<0,001). Regarding the development of non-fatal complications, the following data was obtained: GRACE — Se=0,680, Sp=0,760, χ2=9,970 (p<0,01); PREDICT — Se=0,080, Sp=1,000, χ2=4,167 (р>0,05); TIMI — Se=0,120, Sp=1,000, χ2=8,171 (р<0,05); RECORD — Se=0,680, Sp=0,640, χ2=5,128 (р<0,05). The most significant criteria for developing fatal and non-fatal complications were identified as follows: Killip class II acute heart failure, systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg, age >65 years, stage ≥II A chronic heart failure, ST elevation ≥1 mm at admission, ejection fraction ≤<40%.Conclusion. A comparative evaluation of the 30-day prognostic significance of short-term scales (GRACE, RECORD, TIMI, PREDICT) in STE-ACS patients without PCI showed an ambiguous prognosis for developing both fatal and non-fatal complications. High sensitivity rates for predicting fatal complications were revealed in the GRACE and RECORD scales (100 and 100%, respectively) relative to the TIMI and PREDICT (75 and 28,1%, respectively), as well as for non-fatal complications in the GRACE and RECORD (68% for both) scales relative to the TIMI and PREDICT (12 and 8%, respectively).
Role of pedagogy and psychology in the development of self­-actualization and value orientations of medical residents
Authors: Plugina M. I. , Maiboroda T. A. 
Published: January 2022

The article discusses topical issues of training future health care specialists at different stages of professionalization. Particular attention is paid to the stage of training in residency, when not only the formation and development of the activity professionalism, but also the personality professionalism of the future doctor is carried out.Important knowledge during training in residency and postgraduate institution is acquired by the need for self-­actualization and value orientations of trainees in the structure of an individual’s professionalism. The work emphasizes that in the preparation of future doctors, the resolution of indicated problem can successfully occur not only under the influence of central medical disciplines for training highly qualified personnel. Today, many researchers focus on the role of humanitarian disciplines, which have a significant impact on the personal and professional aspects of training. In this case, what it involves is the mastering of Pedagogy and Educational Psychology programs.The study found that the participation of residents in training in two educational humanitarian programs provides favorable transformation of value orientations, reflecting the need for self­-actualization, acceptance of medical practice values, and value attitude to the professionalism of a doctor. The data obtained indicate the need for purposeful use of pedagogy and psychology to improve the professionalism of future doctors during preparation for professional activity.
DE LO MATERIAL E INMATERIAL: EL TESORO DE ALISEDA COMO PARADIGMA DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN ARQUEOLÓGICA
Authors: PEREA CAVEDA Alicia 
Published: January 2022

Reflexiones autocríticas en torno al concepto de “Tesoro” como objeto de deseo, como hallazgo arqueológico y como objeto de estudio, a lo largo de la historia de la investigación en la península Ibérica.
PODER LOCAL Y CORRUPCIÓN JUDICIAL EN LA EXTREMADURA DEL SIGLO XVI: ALONSO DE MONROY (1583)
Authors: CLEMENTE RAMOS Julián 
Published: January 2022

Alonso de Monroy, hijo de Francisco de Monroy y cuñado del conde de Medellín, protagoniza un intento de corrupción judicial con la finalidad de mantener una importante usurpación de tierras limí- trofes al colmenar de su padre. Presiona o hace promesas a testigos y al escribano de Medellín. Asi- mismo, elige para su probanza a un escribano vinculado a su familia que no cumple las condiciones exigidas y que ha tenido una trayectoria llena de irregularidades. La justicia, sin embargo, muestra su capacidad para actuar ante esta situación e impedir que un personaje poderoso en el ámbito local, especialmente por la inacción del conde de Medellín, mediatice su actuación.
DINÁMICA USURPATORIA DE APROVECHAMIENTOS COMUNALES EN CASTILLA FEUDAL (SIGLOS XIII-XIV)
Authors: MIR Lucio B. 
Published: January 2022

El desarrollo de la propiedad privada durante el feudalismo se inscribe en una red de problemas interpretativos abordados desde múltiples enfoques disciplinarios y tradiciones teóricas. Este trabajo indaga factores de cambio y de continuidad ligados a la individualización de derechos de propiedad y su correlato en fenómenos estructurales que afectaron a las comunidades aldeanas. Explora la dinámica usurpatoria en diversos territorios de Castilla, los usos preferentes de espacios agro-ganaderos por las elites campesinas y sus implicancias en el afianzamiento de diferenciaciones internas que reconfiguran la base consuetudinaria de esas comunidades. Identifica el perfil de las jerarquías de derechos de uso en las prácticas colectivas del campesinado y sus efectos institucionales en función de formas indivi- dualizadoras de aprovechamientos pastoriles. Interpela procesos contradictorios en el desempeño del poder monárquico respecto a la validez efectiva de las regulaciones socio-jurídicas que regían los pa- trones organizativos del mundo rural, revisando los efectos polarizadores de los accesos privilegiados a montes y herbajes comunales.
LA INFIDELIDAD MATRIMONIAL. DELITOS DE ADULTERIO Y AMANCEBAMIENTO EN EL NORTE DE EXTREMADURA DURANTE LA TRANSICIÓN DE LA EDAD MEDIA A LA MODERNA
Authors: SÁENZ DE HARO Tomás 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo pretende ser un estudio socio-político de los delitos de amancebamiento y adulterio en el territorio de la actual provincia de Cáceres en torno al año 1500. Analizando estos com- portamientos como consecuencia de la inserción en la realidad del momento del modelo matrimonial cristiano, monógamo e indisoluble, y su sanción en función de las exigencias de las nuevas mentalidades y del aparato estatal que eclosionan a raíz de la superación de la crisis bajomedieval.