bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of a Heavy Metal-reducing Pseudomonas sp. strain Dr.Y Kertih with the Ability to Assimilate Phenol and Diesel
Authors: Kesavan Veeraswamy , Mansur Abdulrasheed , Suhaili Zarizal , Salihan Mohd Syahmi Ramzi , Rahman Mohd Fadhil Abd , Shukor Mohd Yunus 
Published: April 2022

The indiscriminate released of heavy metals and xenobiotics into soils and aquatic bodies severely alter soil organisms and the ecosystem. The isolation of xenobiotics degrading microorganisms is cost-effective and naturally pleasant approach. Lately, the toxicological effect of molybdenum to the spermatogenesis of several organisms has been record. This present study is aimed at the isolation and characterization of a bacterium capable of converting molybdenum to the colloidal molybdenum blue. Bacteria characterization was performed in a microplate format using resting cells. Thus, the reduction process can be employed as a device for molybdenum bioremediation. The results of the study revealed an optimum reduction at pH between 6.0 and 6.3 and temperatures of between 25 and 40 oC. Similarly, it was also observed that a phosphate concentration not greater than 5.0 mM and a sodium molybdate concentration at 20 mM was required for reduction. Glucose was observed as the best carbon source to support reduction. Following the scanning of molybdenum blue, it revealed an absorption spectrum indicating the characteristics of molybdenum blue as a reduced phosphomolybdate. Molybdenum reduction is inhibited by heavy metals like silver, lead, arsenic and mercury. Furthermore, the ability of the bacterium (Pseudomonas sp. strain Dr.Y Kertih) to utilize several organic xenobiotics such as phenol, acrylamide, nicotinamide, acetamide, iodoacetamide, propionamide, acetamide, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and diesel as electron donor sources for aiding reduction or as carbon sources for growth was also examined. Finding showed that none was capable of aiding molybdenum reduction, however the bacterium was capable of growing on both diesel and phenol as carbon sources. GC analysis was used to confirmed diesel degradation.
Bacillus sp. UPM-AAG1 for The Bioremediation of Ammonia in Aquaculture Wastewater
Authors: Ramli Nur Syafiqah , Gafar Aaâ€™isyah Abdul , Shukor Mohd Yunus 
Published: April 2022

The widespread activity of the aquaculture industry has led to environmental pollution resulting from the uncontrollable production of ammonia from aquaculture activities. The presence of ammonia in the environment is a major threat due to its toxicity that can bring harm to organism especially aquatic organisms. Bioremediation is an efficient technique for the remedy of ammonia pollution as it provides complete assimilation of the ammonia. In this work, a bacterial isolate identified as Bacillus strain UPM-AAG1 shows the best performance out of the four isolates screened for remediating ammonia. The characterization of Bacillus strain UPM-AAG1 was conducted to identify the optimum conditions for ammonia utilization by Bacillus strain UPM-AAG1. The optimum pH for ammonia remediation by Bacillus strain UPM-AAG1 was determined to be acidic at pH 6.0. While the optimum condition for ammonia concentration was determined to be at 10 mg/mL. For the optimum temperature for ammonia remediation by Bacillus strain UPM-AAG1 was determined to be at 30 oC.
Inhibition of Streptococcus pneumoniae hyaluronidase by honeys of Malaysian origins
Authors: Ahmad Yusof Hanani , Mohd Nayian Nurul Azahana 
Published: April 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae, a major human pathogen causing meningitis, pneumonia and bacteraemia produce hyaluronidase as its virulence factor. This enzyme increase bacterial permeability to the host tissue by degrading hyaluronic acids that maintain the viscosity of connective tissues. Limited hyaluronidase inhibitor are available at the moment, thus lead us to identify potential hyaluronidase inhibitor from local products which is honeys. Three local honeys (Tualang, Kelulut and Gelam) have been selected and undergo hyaluronidase inhibition test through hyaluronic acids turbidity reduction assay. Honeys that show highest and lowest anti-hyaluronidase were analysed for flavonoid and phenolic content, to identify association between the contents and hyaluronidase inhibition rate. All honeys showed various degrees of inhibition against hyaluronidase of S. pneumoniae where honey with the highest anti-hyaluronidase activity is Kelulut with 18% inhibition while honey with the lowest anti-hyaluronidase activity is Gelam with 2% inhibition. Kelulut also demonstrated highest phenolic content, where significant association was found between the inhibition and the content. Therefore, this study supported the claim that higher phenolic contents indicate greater inhibitory activity on hyaluronidase enzyme. The findings suggest that local Malaysian honey have potential as hyaluronidase inhibitor which could be beneficial for future treatment against S. pneumoniae infections.
The Development Of A Specific Inhibitive Enzyme Assay For The Heavy Metal, Lead
Authors: Ahmad Aqlima 
Published: April 2022

The development of an inhibitive assay for lead using a molybdenum-reducing enzyme assay system is presented for the first time. The assay is based on the ability of lead to inhibit the molybdenum-reducing enzyme of a bacterium. The Â molybdenum-reducing enzyme was assayed using 12-molybdophosphoric acid at pH 5.0 as an electron acceptor substrate and NADH as the electron donor substrate. The enzyme in the crude extract converted the yellowish solution into a deep blue solution with a maximum peak at 865 nm and a shoulder at 710 nm. Lead exhibited a sigmoidal inhibition curve. The calculated IC50 using the four-parameter logistic model for lead was 2.186 mg l-1 and the regression coefficient was 0.998. The limit of detection (LOD) for lead was 0.021 mg l-1 while the limit of quantitation (LOQ) for leady was 0.237 mg l-1, respectively. The comparative LC50, EC50 and IC50 data for lead in different toxicity tests show that the IC50 value for lead was higher than Ulva pertussae, lower than the value for immobilised urease, Daphnia magna, and rainbow trout and within the range of the papain assay.
Mathematical modelling of the degradation kinetics of Bacillus cereus grown on phenol
Authors: Halmi M.I.E , Ku Ahamad K.E. , Shukor M.Y. , Wasoh M.H. , Abdul Rachman A.R. , Sabullah M.K. , Ahmad S.A. , Syed M.A. 
Published: April 2022

The mathematical modelling of the effect of substrate concentration on growth rate of bacteria is crucial in the understanding of the many phenomena in xenobiotics biodegradation. The rate constants obtained from this modeling allow the mathematical prediction of growth parameters. We remodelled a previously published work on phenol degradation by Bacillus cereus MTCC9817 strain AKG1 using several more growth kinetic models such as Monod, Teissier, Andrews and Noack, Hinshelwood, Moser, Aiba, Webb (Edward), Yano and Koga, Han and Levenspiel and Luong and evaluated the accuracy of the fitted model using statistical analysis such as Root Mean Square (RMSE), adjusted Coefficient of Determination (R2), corrected Akaike InformationCriterion (AICc), Bias Factor, Accuracy Factor and F-test. The calculated values for the best model- Luongâ€™s such as maximal degradation rate, half saturation constant for maximal degradation, maximal concentration of substrate tolerated and curve parameter that defines the steepness of the growth rate decline from the maximum rate, symbolized by qmax, Ks, Sm, and n were 0.755 hr-1, 925.8 mg/L, 1859.3 mg/L and 0.329, respectively. The true value of qmaxdetermined as the value where the gradient for the slope is zero was 0.093 h-1 at 500 mg/L phenol. The results indicate that the exhaustive use of mathematical models on available published results could gleam new optimal models that can provide new knowledge on the way toxic substanceinhibit growth rate in microbes.
Modeling the growth curves of Acinetobacter sp. strain DRY12 grown on diesel
Authors: Halmi M.I.E. , Shukor M.S. , Johari W.L.W , Shukor Mohd Yunus Abd 
Published: April 2022

Diesel is a toxic xenobiotic. However, some bacteria are capable of using diesel as a carbon source for energy and growth. At high diesel concentration, an inhibition to the growth curves is seen. The study of the growth inhibitory properties of diesel on bacterium has often been carried out through the modelling of the specific growth rates obtained from the linearization of thegrowth curves of bacterium. Since there exists a variety of models for obtaining a more accurate specific growth rates from bacterial growth curves such as logistic, Gompertz, Richards, Schnute, Baranyi-Roberts, Von Bertalanffy, Buchanan three-phase and more recently Huang models, theuse of these models over the simplification through linearization is needed. The modified Gompertz model gave the best fitting based on statistical test with the lowest values for RMSE and corrected Akaike Information Criteria, the highest value for adjusted R2 and the closest values to unity for both Accuracy and Bias factors. The modified Gompertz model is thus the best model to obtain specific growth rates from the growth curves of Acinetobacter sp. strain DRY12grown on diesel.
Study the Antitumor Activity of Copper (II) Complex of 4-Azomalononitrile Antipyrine on Mice Induced With Earlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells
Authors: El-fiky Bahgat A. , Aly Samar A. , El-Sayed Ibrahim H. , El-Abd Sabah F. , Abo-Ella Sara S. 
Published: April 2022

Copper (II) complex of 4-azomalononitril antipyrine has been isolated and characterized basedÂ on IR spectra, 1H NMR, elemental analyses, molar conductance, electronic spectra and magneticÂ moment. A diminished amount of antioxidant enzyme coupled with superoxide production inappears to be general characteristic of the tumor cells. This character can be used in cancerÂ treatment. The present study attempted to investigate the effect of copper (II) complex of 4-Â azomalononitril antipyrine which has SOD like activity on tumor development using EhrlichÂ ascites carcinoma (EAC) implemented in Swiss albino female mice. The results showed thatÂ copper complex with ligand has anti cancer activity in all studied parameters with variable ratios.
Evaluation of Several Mathematical Models for Fitting the Growth and Kinetics of the Catechol-degrading Candida parapsilopsis: Part 1
Authors: MIE Halmi . , Shukor M.S. , Shukor Mohd Yunus Abd 
Published: April 2022

Predictive microbiology is a field often associated with food microbiology as it allows prediction of food spoilage. One of the key features of bacterial growth on solid and complex food under low water and oxygen is a long lag time. This long lag time is often observed in bacteria growing on toxic xenobiotics. In this work we modelled the growth of the yeast strain of Candida parapsilopsis based on available published work in the literature using several growth modelssuch as modified logistic, modified Gompertz, modified Richards, modified Schnute, Baranyi- Roberts, Von Bertalanffy, Huang and the Buchanan three-phase linear model. Statistical analysis results indicated that the Buchanan model was the best with highest adjusted R2, lowest RMSE and AICc values and Bias and Accuracy Factor values closest to unity. The fitted value of maximal growth rate showed a decline when the concentration of catechol was higher than 114 mg/L indicating substrate inhibition. The other fitted parameters such as lag period and maximal growth asymptote showed a general increase and a general decrease for the former and latter parameters, respectively. The results from this work can be used in the further optimization works of this alga in the future.
Predictive Mathematical Modeling Biofilm Potential of Phytochemicals from Adantum philippensis Extract and Adhesion with P. aeruginosa Activities
Authors: Uba Garba , Yakubu Abdulhadi , Abdulsalam Zainab Jamilu , Shukor Mohd Yunus 
Published: April 2022

A predictive mathematical modeling of the biofilm potentials of phytochemicals from A. philippense extract and adhesion with P. aeruginosa was studied for the very first time. Eight different kinetic models Von Bertalanffy, Baranyi-Roberts, modified Schnute, modified Richards, modified Gompertz, Modified Logistics and latest Huang were used to get values for the kinetic constants. Von Bertalanffy of the entire model was found to be the best model with the highest adjusted R2 value with the lowest RMSE value. The accuracy and bias factors values were close to one (1.0). The parameters obtained from von Bertalanffy model for P. aeruginosa and chloramphenicol were K 1.551 ( 95% C.I 1.385 to 1.718) and 1.617 (95% C.I 1.204 to 2.031), A -1.055( 95% C.I -1.492 to -0.61) and -1.142 (95% C.I -1.612 to -0.67), Um 1.041 (95% C.I 0.740 to 1.342) and 0.744 (95% C.I 0.399 to 1.089) respectively. This finding shows the influence of von Bertalanffy model in the roles of phytochemicals from Adantum philippense in the biofilm potentials and adhesion with P. aeruginosa against foodborne pathogens.
Toxicity Assessment of Bioluminescent Rapid Bioassays (Vibrio fischeri) on Selected DBPs
Authors: Halmi Mohd Izuan Effendi , Phang R.K.I. , Johari W.L.W. , Shukor M.Y. 
Published: April 2022

For the past 30 years more than 600 different disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been reported with many unknown ones yet to be discovered. Bioluminescence rapid toxicity tests are suitable toxicity screening for DBPs that caused adverse health effects. Previously, IC50 study on specific DBPs have not been conducted. This study aims to characteristically identify the sensitivity of bioluminescent rapid bioassays on selected DBPs (chloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, bromoacetic acid and iodoacetic acid) by measuring IC50 of Vibrio fischeri on these compounds. IC50 are determined through luminescence that was measured using a Beckman Counter DTX 800 multimode detector. The 30-minute IC50 of selected DBPs are as followed: CAA (865.4 mg/L), TCAA (1119 mg/L), BAA (59.67 mg/L) and IAA (15.6 mg/L). It was found that Bioluminescent Rapid Bioassays based on Vibrio fischeri showed promising sensitivity on the selected DBPs and are suitable as a screening tools for DBPs.
Isolation and Characterization of a Molybdenum-reducing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain KIK-12 in Soils from Nigeria with the Ability to grow on SDS
Authors: Maarof Mohd Zamros , Shukor Mohd Yunus , Mohamad Othman , Karamba Kabiru Ibrahim , Halmi Mohd Izuan Effendi , Rahman Mohd Fadhil Abd , Yakasai Hafeez Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

The annual production of chemical toxins and organic pollutants has reached an alarming level. Their eradication from the environment is immensely needed, and bioremediation provides a better alternative for this task. In this study, the ability of molybdenum-reducing bacterium isolated from polluted soil to grow and reduce molybdenum on a variety of hydrocarbons and detergents was investigated. The bacterium was found to reduce molybdate to molybdenum blue at an optimum temperature between 25 and 34 oC, pH between 5.8 and 6.3, molybdate concentration between 30 and 50 mM and phosphate concentration between 5.0 and 7.5 mM. The best electron donor hat support molybdate reduction was glucose, followed by sucrose, fructose, maltose, lactose, l-arabinose, d-mannose, mannitol and cellobiose in decreasing order. The absorption spectrum of the resultant Mo-blue was analogous to that of previous Mo-reducing bacterium and bear resemblance with reduced phosphomolybdate. At 2 ppm mercury (ii), copper (ii) and silver (i) molybdenum reduction was inhibited by 82.4, 61.9 and 47.50%, respectively. Based on the biochemical examination, the bacterium was tentatively identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain KIK-12. The ability of this bacterium to degrade detergent and detoxify molybdenum makes it a vital tool for bioremediation
Modelling the Inhibitory Effect of SiO2-coated Zero-valent Iron/palladium Bimetallic Nanoparticles (Sio2-nZVI/Pd) Reductant on Pseudomonas putida as the Biocatalyst for 2,2â€™,4,4â€™-tetrabromodiphenyl ether Degradation
Authors: Dan-Iya Bilal Ibrahim , Sabo Ibrahim Alhaji , Yahuza Salihu 
Published: April 2022

The used of linearization technique using natural logarithm transformation, though standard, is erroneous and can just give an estimated value for the sole parameter measured; the specific growth rate. in this paper, for the first time we model the effect of nZVI/Pd and SiO2-nZVI/Pd nanoparticles on the growth of P. putida in MSM medium as modelled using models such as von Bertalanffy, Baranyi-Roberts, modified Schnute, modified Richards, modified Gompertz, modified logistics and the most recent Huang. The results show that the lag phases of P. putida cell at 4 h (0.5 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), 7.655 h (1.0 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), 11.76 h (0.5 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) and 22.03 h (1.0 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) respectively, which were longer than that of control, indicating the nanoparticles prolonged the exponential phase of cell growth. Moreover, in comparing the maximum growth ymax, which was 1.23x109, there was a decrease in the P. putida growth, i.e 1.20x109 (0.5 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), 1.06x109 (1.0 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), 1.04x109 (0.5 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) and 8.59x108 (1.0 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) respectively, with more decrease in growth at the P. putida growth with nZVI/Pd than SiO2-nZVI/Pd. On the other hand, when comparing the Âµmax, the control has a value of 0.08 while 0.073, 0.073, 0.089 and 0.86 are values at bacterial concentration of (0.5 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), (1.0 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd), (0.5 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) and (1.0 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd) respectively, indicating the specific growth rate decreases with both 0.5 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd and 1.0 g L-1 of SiO2-nZVI/Pd and increases with 0.5 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd and 1.0 g L-1 of nZVI/Pd. It is clear from the results that coating of SiO2 on nZVI/Pd might drastically decrease the toxicity to P. putida cells.
Stem cells and endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Gad Mohamed S. , Elfeky Bahgat A , Nofal Ahmed M 
Published: April 2022

Endometrial hyperplasia is characterized by a proliferation of endometrial glands that mayÂ progress to or coexist with endometrial carcinoma. Previous studies proved the presence ofÂ endometrial stem cells that may have a role in endometrial regeneration and may be responsibleÂ for proliferative disorders as in endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma. The presentstudy carried out to evaluate the potentiality of Umbilical cord blood Hematopoietic CD34+ andÂ Mesenchymal stem cells to regress endometrial hyperplastic cells proliferation in vitro underÂ certain condition. The Study carried out on 40 Umbilical cord blood samples collected from termÂ delivering women, mononuclear cell were separated. Endometrial samples from the 40 cases (20normal and 20 cases with endometrial hyperplasia) were collected by dilatation and curettage orÂ by curetting endometrium after hysterectomy operation. Then treatment of the hyperplastic cellsÂ with the Mesenchymal stem cells extract and CD34+ Hematopoietic stem cells extract was done.Â Results showed that both CD34+ Hematopoietic stem cells extract and mesenchymal stem cellsextract both had decreased the rate of growth of endometrial hyperplastic cell culture reachingÂ near to the rate of growth of normal endometrial primary cell culture but the mesenchymal stemÂ cells extract had a higher degree of control making endometrial growth rate nearer to the rate ofÂ growth of normal endometrial primary cell culture.
Antioxidantal and histopathological effects of mirazid on gentamicin-induced renal damage in rats
Authors: AbdEl-Mongy Mahmoud , Y. Nasr Mohamed , H. Elsayed Ibrahim , Soliman Asmaa M. 
Published: April 2022

The present study evaluates the biochemical effect of mirazid(MZ) in rats of GMtamicin(GM)-Â induced renal damage. Albino male rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing 40â€“50 g were dividedÂ into 6 groups; normal saline, orally trated mirazid 10 mg/kg, GM 100mg/kg, intraperitoneallyÂ (i.p) for 10 days, MZ at 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, per oral for 10 days with the same concentrationÂ of GM, MZ administered concurrently with GM for 10 days. We investigated the effects of MZÂ on GM-induced nephrotoxicity. GM treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by markedÂ elevation in serum Cr and blood urea (152.3 Â± 8.6 mg/dL, 1.6 Â± 0.12 mg/dL resp) whenÂ compared to the saline treated group. GM administration increased renal MDA and NOÂ GMeration but decreased SOD and CAT activities, and GSPx (glutathione peroxidase)Â compared to normal control. MZ administration with GM injections caused significantlyÂ decreased MDA, NO GMeration and increased SOD, CAT activities and GSPx activity whenÂ compared with GM alone. Histopathological analysis revealed epithelial loss with intense+granular deGMeration in GM treated rats, whereas MZ decrease the severity of GM-inducedÂ renal damage. To conclude, our data suggest that MZ exhibits some antioxidantal effect againstÂ GM nephrotoxicity, as it has a potent scavenger of free radicals to prevent the toxic effects ofÂ GM at both the biochemical and histological level and further studies on its mechanism ofÂ action and side effects are wanted.
Biofilm Formation, Adhesion with Staphylococcus aureus Against Food Borne Pathogen: A Mathematical Modeling on the Effects of Adiantum phillippense
Authors: Uba Garba , Ginsau Muhammad A. , Aujara Kabiru Musa 
Published: April 2022

Biofilm formation is a process by which microorganisms irreversibly bind to and grow on a surface and create extracellular polymers that promote the formation of attachments and matrixes, resulting in a change in the organisms' phenotype in terms of growth rate and transcription of genes. A. philippense is a fern with many curative properties that is medicinally treasured. Predictive mathematical modeling approach was used to study adhesion of S. aureus with biofilm. Out of the eight different primary model, modified Gompertz best fit the effect of the plant extract on the biofilm formation and adhesion with S. aureus with the least value for RMSE, AICc and the uppermost value for adjusted R2. The parameters obtained from the modified Gompertz when compared with control and chloramphenicol were ymax 0.980 (95% C.I. 0.889 to 1.070) and 0.637 (95% C.I. 0.604 to 0.670), umax 0.185 (95% C.I. 0.120 to 0.250) and 0.183 (95% C.I. 0.141 to 0.225), lag (h) 0.180 (95% C.I. -0.764 to 1.124) and 3.343 (95% C.I. 2.933 to 3.753) respectively. A strong model to use to fit sigmoidal growth or formation curves tends to be the modified Gompertz equation. The benefit of using this function is that a constant formation rate is not assumed by the Gompertz equation. Instead, it is a model that can be used to model rates of formation (of biofilm) that change over time.
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