bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excellent Effect of Betaine in Dilute Electrolytes and Application to High Performance Aqueous Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tian Yinbing , Dai Liyi , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe energy density and operating voltage of aqueous batteries are limited by the narrow electrochemical stability window and side reactions of traditional aqueous electrolytes. Considering that the optimization of electrolyte composition can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of aqueous batteries, and it has the advantages of simple and easy large‐scale preparation, betaine with rich polar groups and zwitterions is added to the electrolyte as a functional material to reduce the binding degree of water molecules and adsorbed in the electrolyte‐electrode interface to prevent the contact of water molecules with the interface. A wide electrolyte operating window (2.91 V) and low salt concentration (2 M) were achieved in the betaine aqueous electrolyte. The interactions between water molecules, lithium salts and betaine in the electrolyte were explored by ATR‐FITR, NMR and Raman spectroscopy. Aqueous TiO2/LiFePO4 full cells with stable specific energies 69 Wh kg−1 were demonstrated over 500 cycles on such low non‐fluorinated lithium salt concentration electrolyte.
Triplet Sensitized Photo‐Dehydro‐Diels‐Alder Reaction
Authors: Wessig Pablo , Badetko Dominik , Koebe Michael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report on the triplet sensitization of the intramolecular Photo‐Dehydro‐Diels‐Alder (PDDA) reaction of two diaryl suberates bearing methyl propiolate chromophors. Compared with the non‐sensitized irradiation, considerably increased yields could be observed. Moreover, it is possible to use the more efficient UVA lamps instead of UVB lamps. Among three investigated sensitizers (xanthone, benzophenone, thioxanthone) xanthone gave the best results.
The Fe0/Fe3O4/Fe3C@hydrophilic Carbon Composite for LED Light‐Assisted, Improved Fenton‐Like Catalytic Activity for Dye Degradation
Authors: Zheng Yanping , Wei Yunxia , Fan Jinhu , Liu Xianyu , Zhu Zhenhong , Yang Baoping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe dispersive, reusable catalyst and convenient separation is still a key factor for water treatment. Herein, the Fe0/Fe3O4/Fe3C@ hydrophilic carbon composite catalyst was obtained through thermal reduction, in which Fe0 is generated by in‐situ carbothermal reduction of the rationally designed gel precursor. The FTIR, SEM‐EDX and the XPS analysis revealed that the major hydrophilic functional groups and elements were well‐dispersed on the entire surface of the catalyst. Through batch control experiments, it is shown that the synthetic catalyst can significantly accelerate the catalysis of Methylene blue under the radiation of 30 W LED lamp. The Electron Spin Resonance test further confirms that catalyst could be successfully trap ⋅OH radicals. With the increase of radiation time, such energy changes affect the coupling effect of spin‐orbital motion is stronger leading to changes in the g‐anisotropy. Organic pollution can be degraded by the porous catalyst in a photo‐Fenton reaction with the degradation efficiency rate approaching nearly 100 % when the concentration of H2O2 is 7 mm. The reusability was demonstrated by five consecutive reaction cycles at continuously good performance. This work provides a highly promising and facile strategy for many wastewater treatments, especially in the field of photo‐Fenton like reaction to environmental modification.
c-functions in flows across dimensions
Authors: Lezcano Alfredo González , Hong Junho , Liu James T. , Pando Zayas Leopoldo A. , Uhlemann Christoph F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We explore the notion of c-functions in renormalization group flows between theories in different spacetime dimensions. We discuss functions connecting central charges of the UV and IR fixed point theories on the one hand, and functions which are monotonic along the flow on the other. First, using the geometric properties of the holographic dual RG flows across dimensions and the constraints from the null energy condition, we construct a monotonic holographic c-function and thereby establish a holographic c-theorem across dimensions. Second, we use entanglement entropies for two different types of entangling regions in a field theory along the RG flow across dimensions to construct candidate c-functions which satisfy one of the two criteria but not both. In due process we also discuss an interesting connection between corner contributions to the entanglement entropy and the topology of the compact internal space. As concrete examples for both approaches, we holographically study twisted compactifications of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM and compactifications of 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (2, 0) theories.
One-loop Fierz transformations
Authors: Aebischer Jason , Pesut Marko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Fierz transformations for four-fermion operators are generalized to the one-loop level. A general renormalization scheme is used to compute QCD and QED corrections to the tree-level relations, which result from Fierz-evanescent operators. The results can be used to perform general one-loop basis transformations involving four-fermi and evanescent operators. We illustrate the usefulness of our results by discussing two examples from a matching calculation and a one-loop basis change.
Determinants of ureteral obstruction after percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Lee Harry H. , Yang Heiko , Martin-Tuite Patrick , Unno Rei , Hamouche Fadl , Ahn Justin , Bayne David , Stoller Marshall , Chi Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundUreteral obstruction after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) may require prolonged drainage with a nephrostomy tube (NT) or ureteral stent, but it is not well understood how and why this occurs. The goal of this study was to identify risk factors associated with postoperative ureteral obstruction to help guide drainage tube selection.MethodsProspective data from adult patients enrolled in the Registry for Stones of the Kidney and Ureter (ReSKU) who underwent PCNL from 2016 to 2020 were used. Patients who had postoperative NTs with antegrade imaging-based flow assessment on postoperative day one (POD1) were included. Patients with transplanted kidneys or those without appropriate preoperative imaging were excluded. We assessed the association between patient demographics, stone characteristics, and intraoperative factors using POD1 antegrade flow, a proxy for ureteral patency, as the primary outcome. Stepwise selection was used to develop a multivariate logistic regression model controlling for BMI, stone location, stone burden, ipsilateral ureteroscopy (URS), access location, estimated blood loss, and operative time.ResultsWe analyzed 241 cases for this study; 204 (84.6%) had a visual clearance of stone. Antegrade flow on POD1 was absent in 76 cases (31.5%). A multivariate logistic regression model found that stones located anywhere other than in the renal pelvis (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.29–5.53;p = 0.01), non-lower pole access (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.42–5.74;p < 0.01), and concurrent ipsilateral URS (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.02–4.65;p = 0.05) increased the likelihood of obstruction. BMI, pre-operative stone burden, EBL, and operative time did not affect antegrade flow outcomes.ConclusionConcurrent ipsilateral URS, absence of stones in the renal pelvis, and non-lower pole access are associated with increased likelihood of ureteral obstruction after PCNL. Access location appears to be the strongest predictor. Recognizing these risk factors can be helpful in guiding postoperative tube management.
A computed tomography study investigating the effects of botulinum toxin injections prior to complex abdominal wall reconstruction
Authors: Claessen J. J. M. , Timmer A. S. , Hemke R. , Atema J. J. , Hompes R. , Boermeester M. A. , Rutten M. V. H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore how intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A (BTA) affects the lateral abdominal wall (LAW) musculature, abdominal- and hernia dimensions, and muscle structure on computed tomography (CT) in patients scheduled for complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR).

Methods
Retrospective analysis of prospectively registered patients who received bilateral intramuscular BTA injections into all three muscles of the LAW. Only patients for which a CT was available before and 3–6 weeks after BTA treatment prior to surgery were analyzed.

Results
Fifty-two patients were analyzed. Median hernia width in all patients decreased with 0.4 cm (IQR − 2.1;0.6) (p = 0.023). Median intra-abdominal transverse diameter increased with 0.9 cm (IQR − 0.2;3.3) (p = 0.001) and the intra-abdominal anterior–posterior diameter decreased with 0.5 cm (IQR − 1.3;0.5) (p = 0.017), making the abdomen more oval. Median LAW muscle length increased with 0.9 cm (IQR 0.0;2.4) per side (p < 0.001), muscle thickness decreased with 0.5 cm (IQR − 0.8;− 0.2) (− 25.0%) per side (p < 0.001), and muscle mass decreased with 3.9 cm2 (IQR − 6.4;-1.5) (− 15.8%) per side (p < 0.001). Median HU of the psoas muscles (density) increased with 4.8 HU (IQR 0.4;9.7) (10.3%) per side (p < 0.001). Effects of BTA were more pronounced in patients with a loss of domain (LoD) ≥ 20%.

Conclusions
The main effect of BTA injections is elongation and thinning of the LAW muscles, more than a decrease in hernia width. Concomitantly, the abdomen becomes more oval. An increase of psoas muscles density is seen, associated with offloading of the LAW muscles. Patients with large LoD have a proportionally higher effect of BTA.
A methodology for systematic mapping of heat sources in an urban area
Authors: Sundell Dennis , Rämä Miika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe increased use of heat pumps to utilise low-temperature heat will undoubtedly be a part of future emission reduction measures within the heating sector. Identifying these heat sources and assessing their heat potential is essential for their utilisation. Different methods for estimating the potential of excess and natural heat sources found in the urban environment are presented in this study. The research aims to present a replicable estimation methodology which can be applied to any urban area. The methods are developed around publicly available data sources, or otherwise easily obtainable data. The research aims at producing data accurate enough to support decision-making on the district heating company or city level on utilising these heat sources. A wide range of excess and natural heat sources found in urban environments were identified in a literature review. Methods for estimating the potential of the heat sources were developed based on findings of the literature review and the expected availability of data. The developed estimation methods were applied in a case study where the potential of heat sources identified within the Turku area in Southwest Finland was estimated. The results of the case study show the potential of the heat sources within the studied area. The difficulty of obtaining raw, high-quality data are also highlighted. This emphasises the need for advanced processing of available data and insight on the related sources, e.g. building management systems or industrial processes. The methods presented in this study give an overview on how heat potential could be estimated. It can be used as a base for developing more refined methods and for detailed techno-economic assessment for utilising available excess and natural heat sources.
Graphical abstract
Discovering DNA Methylation, the History and Future of the Writing on DNA
Authors: Tompkins Joshua D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDNA methylation is a quintessential epigenetic mechanism. Widely considered a stable regulator of gene silencing, it represents a form of “molecular braille,” chemically printed on DNA to regulate its structure and the expression of genetic information. However, there was a time when methyl groups simply existed in cells, mysteriously speckled across the cytosine building blocks of DNA. Why was the code of life chemically modified, apparently by “no accident of enzyme action” (Wyatt 1951)? If all cells in a body share the same genome sequence, how do they adopt unique functions and maintain stable developmental states? Do cells remember? In this historical perspective, I review epigenetic history and principles and the tools, key scientists, and concepts that brought us the synthesis and discovery of prokaryotic and eukaryotic methylated DNA. Drawing heavily on Gerard Wyatt’s observation of asymmetric levels of methylated DNA across species, as well as to a pair of visionary 1975 DNA methylation papers, 5-methylcytosine is connected to DNA methylating enzymes in bacteria, the maintenance of stable cellular states over development, and to the regulation of gene expression through protein-DNA binding. These works have not only shaped our views on heritability and gene regulation but also remind us that core epigenetic concepts emerged from the intrinsic requirement for epigenetic mechanisms to exist. Driven by observations across prokaryotic and eukaryotic worlds, epigenetic systems function to access and interpret genetic information across all forms of life. Collectively, these works offer many guiding principles for our epigenetic understanding for today, and for the next generation of epigenetic inquiry in a postgenomics world.
Case design and flow resistance in high-alpine caddisfly larvae (Insecta, Trichoptera)
Authors: Waringer Johann , Vitecek Simon , Martini Jan , Zittra Carina , Vieira Ariane , Kuhlmann Hendrik C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor evaluating hydraulic stress reduction strategies of caddisfly larvae, our study has three goals. First, creating a database on Reynolds numbers (Re) and drag coefficients valid for Limnephilidae larvae with cylindrical mineral cases. Second, evaluating the effects of submerged weight and biometry in cases with comparable length/width ratios. And third, collecting field data in an alpine environment for gaining insights into the hydraulic niches occupied by thirteen Drusinae species. Biometric data were subsequently combined with published Reynolds numbers and mean flow velocity data measured immediately upstream of Limnephilidae larvae at the moment of dislodgement. This provides drag coefficients for the range of Reynolds numbers obtained in the field. Data reveal that heavy cases strongly benefit from compensating drag by submerged weight, thereby enabling species to utilize high velocity spots, an important benefit for filtering species.
An overview of the SAMPL8 host–guest binding challenge
Authors: Amezcua Martin , Setiadi Jeffry , Ge Yunhui , Mobley David L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe SAMPL series of challenges aim to focus the community on specific modeling challenges, while testing and hopefully driving progress of computational methods to help guide pharmaceutical drug discovery. In this study, we report on the results of the SAMPL8 host–guest blind challenge for predicting absolute binding affinities. SAMPL8 focused on two host–guest datasets, one involving the cucurbituril CB8 (with a series of common drugs of abuse) and another involving two different Gibb deep-cavity cavitands. The latter dataset involved a previously featured deep cavity cavitand (TEMOA) as well as a new variant (TEETOA), both binding to a series of relatively rigid fragment-like guests. Challenge participants employed a reasonably wide variety of methods, though many of these were based on molecular simulations, and predictive accuracy was mixed. As in some previous SAMPL iterations (SAMPL6 and SAMPL7), we found that one approach to achieve greater accuracy was to apply empirical corrections to the binding free energy predictions, taking advantage of prior data on binding to these hosts. Another approach which performed well was a hybrid MD-based approach with reweighting to a force matched QM potential. In the cavitand challenge, an alchemical method using the AMOEBA-polarizable force field achieved the best success with RMSE less than 1 kcal/mol, while another alchemical approach (ATM/GAFF2-AM1BCC/TIP3P/HREM) had RMSE less than 1.75 kcal/mol. The work discussed here also highlights several important lessons; for example, retrospective studies of reference calculations demonstrate the sensitivity of predicted binding free energies to ethyl group sampling and/or guest starting pose, providing guidance to help improve future studies on these systems.
Police and Duty Lawyer Perceptions of Domestic Violence Protection Order Proceedings Involving Parents: Towards Greater System Accountability and Family-Centred Decision-Making
Authors: Stambe Rose-Marie , Meyer Silke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeDomestic violence (DV) is a problem of global significance and remains a gendered issue that disproportionately affects women and children. Prevalence studies on women’s experiences of DV suggest that around 50% of victims identify as mothers. The effects of DV on mothers and children are well documented, raising implications for their protection. Civil protection orders are a legal tool used to reduce and prevent experiences of DV. Research on protection order effectiveness is mixed with research suggesting that the ongoing relationship between a respondent and aggrieved parent around child contact presents ongoing opportunities for re-victimization. This study contributes to the scant literature on the implications of protection orders on parental responsibilities.MethodThe study draws on surveys with duty lawyers and focus groups with police officers. A thematic analysis was used to examine perceptions and experiences of ‘no contact’ protection orders and respondent parent non-compliance where mutual children are involved.ResultsFindings suggest that ambiguous ‘no contact’ conditions and a lack of clarity around their implications for child contact play a key role in respondent parent non-compliance, ranging from uninformed non-compliance to the strategic use of children as a form of coercive control in non-compliance.ConclusionFindings raise implications for specialist legal advice and support for parents affected by DV to sit alongside protection order court proceedings. Findings highlight the need for greater system accountability to ensure court-issued protection orders take a family-centred approach that align with parental responsibilities and ensure child and adult victims’ safety and wellbeing.
Production and characterization of standard particles for rL-SNMS
Authors: Hanemann Paul , Bister Stefan , Raiwa Manuel , Reinhard Sandra , van Eerten Darcy , Walther Clemens 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, uranium-and plutonium-baring particles were produced by fast iron co-precipitation for the purpose of creating homogeneous multi-element standards. A set of single isolated particles showing no inhomogeneities in the element distribution were selected. These particles were used to determine the maximal achievable suppression ratios for uranium in Resonant Laser Secondary Neutral Mass Spectrometry (rL-SNMS) measurements of plutonium. It was shown for the first time directly that suppression-ratios in the order of three magnitudes are achievable with a resonant two-step excitation scheme for non-destructive measurements.
On Bose–Einstein condensates in the Thomas–Fermi regime
Authors: Dimonte Daniele , Giacomelli Emanuela L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study a system of N trapped bosons in the Thomas–Fermi regime with an interacting pair potential of the form $$ g_N N^{3\beta -1} V(N^\beta x) $$

g
N

N

3
β
-
1

V

(

N
β

x
)

, for some $$ \beta \in (0,1/3) $$

β
∈
(
0
,
1
/
3
)

and $$ g_N $$

g
N

diverging as $$ N \rightarrow \infty $$

N
→
∞

. We prove that there is complete Bose–Einstein condensation at the level of the ground state and, furthermore, that, if $$ \beta \in (0,1/6) $$

β
∈
(
0
,
1
/
6
)

, condensation is preserved by the time evolution.
Social Inclusion Challenges and the Future of Relational Wellbeing: The Case of Indonesia and South-Korea
Authors: Seda Francisia S. S. E. , Kurniawan Kevin Nobel , Pera Yosef Hilarius Timu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis research focuses on enriching the dynamics and contextual explanation of relational well-being as a representation of sustainable quality of life. Previous studies rely on economic explanations and have not shown an adequate synergy model with social factors in explaining social well-being conditions. This research intends to fill and enrich this gap by examining how vertical and horizontal forms of social inclusion have impacted on the well-being in its relational forms: the capacity to trust others, the degree of interaction, and proactivity in communal participation. By comparing the differing socio-economic conditions of Indonesian and South Korean society through correlation and multiple regression analysis, we found that a sustainable and balanced form of relational well-being does not only consist in economic attributes vertically, but also social-horizontal dimension, which is manifested through social capital and cohesion facilitated by cultural, religious and gender groups in local communities. Economic (material) factors are more dominant in explaining relational well-being at the individual level, while social (non-material) factors are dominant as explanations at the community level. This research presents a novelty related to the Easterlin Paradox thesis that the improvement of well-being in the context of societal development, does not only rely on economic attributes alone, however it is complemented and balanced by social dimension such as horizontal forms of social inclusion. The policy implications of this research show that inclusive government policies at the personal, relational, and societal level, is very fundamental to create sustainable well-being.
Complete algebraic semantics for second-order rewriting systems based on abstract syntax with variable binding
Authors: Hamana Makoto 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBy using algebraic structures in a presheaf category over finite sets, following Fiore, Plotkin and Turi, we develop sound and complete models of second-order rewriting systems called second-order computation systems (CSs). Restricting the algebraic structures to those equipped with well-founded relations, we obtain a complete characterisation of terminating CSs. We also extend the characterisation to rewriting on meta-terms using the notion of
$\Sigma$
-monoid.