bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hollow‐Tube‐Biphasic‐Whisker‐Modified Calcium Phosphate Ceramics with Simultaneously Enhanced Mechanical Strength and Osteogenic Activity
Authors: Feng Cong , Wu Yonghao , Li Qipeng , He Tinghan , Cao Quanle , Li Xiangfeng , Xiao Yumei , Lin Jiangli , Zhu Xiangdong , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to the inherent brittleness and low mechanical strength, it is still a challenge for calcium phosphate (Ca‐P) ceramics to be used in load‐bearing bone defect repair. To achieve a good balance between mechanical strength and osteogenic activity, hollow‐tube‐whisker‐modified biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics (BCP‐HW) are successfully fabricated by an in situ growth process in the present study. Compared to the initial BCP ceramics (BCP‐C) and those with solid whiskers, BCP‐HW exhibits larger specific surface area (3.9 times vs BCP‐C) and higher mechanical strength (3.4 times vs BCP‐C), endowing it with stronger stimulation on adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In an intramuscular implantation model of canine, BCP‐HW shows excellent osteoinductivity and promotes the maturation of new bone, and the resultant compressive strength of the implant increases to ≈12 MPa at 3 months postoperatively. In another critical‐sized segmental bone defect model of rabbit femur, BCP‐HW has the best repairing effect. After implantation for 6 months, much more new bone ingrowth and higher bending load are observed in BCP‐HW than BCP‐C. Collectively, these findings suggest that the in situ hollow‐tube whisker construction possesses immense potential in expanding the applications of Ca‐P ceramics to load‐bearing bone defect repair.
Fabrication of Flexible High‐Temperature Film Thermometers and Heat‐Resistant OLEDs Using Novel Hot Exciton Organic Fluorophores
Authors: Jiang Xinchen , Dong Zhiyu , Miao Xiaodan , Wang Kuan , Yao Feng , Gao Zhiqiang , Mi Baoxiu , Yi Yuanping , Yang Guoqiang , Qian Yan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of organic thermosensitive fluorophores for use in heat‐resistant organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and large‐area and flexible high‐temperature sensing remains challenging due to the susceptibility of such materials to thermally facilitated nonradiative decay. A series of “hot exciton” materials (“C1” and “C2”) based on pyrrole‐substituted triarylphosphine oxides that exhibit high heat resistance have been developed. At a temperature of 260 °C, the films retain 42% (C1) and 29% (C2) of their room temperature fluorescence. This is thanks to thermally facilitated reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) from a high‐lying triplet to a singlet state. By combining the novel fluorophores with a yellow emitter with an extremely large Stokes shift, flexible and large‐area ratiometric film thermometers are fabricated that demonstrate naked‐eye high‐temperature sensing. The relative sensitivity, Sr, of the film thermometer is higher than 1% K–1 in the high‐temperature region (393 to 470 K), with the maximum Sr reaching 1.26% K−1 at 430 K. Using these blue emitters, heat‐resistant cyan and white OLEDs are also fabricated. With thermally populated singlets and nearly 100% exciton harvesting via fast RISC, the C1‐based cyan OLED exhibits a nearly 12‐fold enhancement in electroluminescence on heating from room temperature to 530 K, while the corresponding white OLED displays a 5.7‐fold electroluminescence enhancement.
Computational Design of a Soft Robotic Myocardium for Biomimetic Motion and Function
Authors: Park Clara , Ozturk Caglar , Roche Ellen T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSoft robotic devices containing multiple actuating elements have successfully recapitulated complex biological motion, leading to their utility in biomedical applications. However, there are inherent nonlinear mechanics associated with soft composite materials where soft actuators are embedded in elastomeric matrices. Predicting their overall behavior prior to fabrication and subsequent experimental characterization can therefore present a hurdle in the design process and in efficiently satisfying functional requirements and specifications. In this work, a computational design framework for optimizing the motion and function of biomimetic soft robotic composites is demonstrated by conducting a design case study of soft robotic cardiac muscle (myocardium) with a particular focus on applications including replicating and assisting cardiac motion and function. A finite element model of a soft robotic myocardium is built, in which actuators are prescribed with anisotropic strain to simulate local deformation, and various design parameters are investigated by evaluating the performance of each configuration in terms of ventricular twist, volumetric output, and pressure generation. Then, an optimized design is proposed that recapitulates the physiological motion and hemodynamics of the heart, and its thrombogenicity is further explored using a fluid‐structure interaction model. This framework has broader utility in predicting the performance of other soft robotic embedded composites.
Shrinking Fabrication of a Glucose‐Responsive Glucagon Microneedle Patch
Authors: Wang Zejun , Fu Ruxing , Han Xiao , Wen Di , Wu Yifan , Li Song , Gu Zhen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA microdevice that offers glucagon supplements in a safe, non‐invasive, and glucose‐responsive manner is ideal for avoiding fatal hypoglycemia consequences from insulin overdosage during daily diabetes treatment. However, mold‐assisted microfabrication of biomedical materials or devices typically needs high‐resolution laser ablation to scale down structural design. In addition, the majority of the polymeric drug delivery materials being used to fabricate devices are dissolvable or deformable in aqueous environments, which restricts washing‐based cleaning and purification procedures post shape fixation. This study leverages the design flexibility of 3D printing‐assisted mold casting and presents a shrinking microfabrication approach that allows subsequent washing procedures to remove toxic monomer residues during polymerization. The feasibility of this approach is demonstrated by developing a glucose‐responsive transdermal glucagon microneedle patch through matrix volume change‐mediated release kinetic control. Shown in the type 1 diabetic mouse model, this transdermal patch can reverse the occurrence of hypoglycemia while lowering the risk of monomer residue‐induced irritation during treatment. Freeing from the restrain of molding resolution for microstructure design, this shrinking methodology further provides an insight into post‐fabrication purifications of biomedical materials.
Inkjet‐Printed, Deep Subthreshold Operated Pseudo‐CMOS Inverters with High Voltage Gain and Low Power Consumption
Authors: Pradhan Jyoti Ranjan , Singh Manvendra , Dasgupta Subho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOxide electronics has received increasing research and industrial attention in recent years. Solution‐processed/printed thin film transistors (TFTs) have rapidly matured to challenge its organic counterparts. However, when the n‐type oxides can demonstrate high mobility band transport, the performance of the p‐type ones is still weak. Consequently, examples of all‐oxide circuits are rare in the literature. Here printed amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (a‐IGZO) based all‐oxide pseudo‐CMOS inverters, ring oscillators, and static random access memories (SRAMs), where the doping density and the device aspect ratio‐controlled deep‐subthreshold region offers sharp switching of the input signal is shown. For example, the signal gain (η) of pseudo‐CMOS 2T and 4T inverters is recorded as 285 and 329, respectively. Furthermore, the deep subthreshold operation ensures low dynamic power consumption, only few tens of nanowatts up to 1.5 V supply voltage. The inverters have demonstrated rail‐to‐rail swing up to 30 kHz and the 3‐stage ring oscillators recorded oscillation frequency of 6.7 kHz. The SRAM devices have shown satisfactory noise margins at HOLD‐, READ‐, and WRITE‐states, while their transient response is also recorded. These fully‐printed all‐oxide TFTs and circuits can be of large interest in portable/wearable electronics, display backplanes, interfacing circuits for sensors, etc.
Selective Electroreduction of CO2 to n‐Propanol in Two‐Step Tandem Catalytic System
Authors: Wu Guoling , Song Yaru , Zheng Qiang , Long Chang , Fan Ting , Yang Zhongjie , Huang Xuewei , Li Qun , Sun Yali , Zuo Lulu , Lei Shengbin , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to high‐energy‐density C3 fuels like n‐propanol has been widely recognized as one of the core technologies for both renewable energy storage and carbon neutrality. Unfortunately, exceptional catalytic sites that are able to simultaneously implement efficient conversion to C1 and C2 products are difficult to design for single electrolyzers, leading to poor activity and selectivity toward n‐propanol. Alternatively, electroreduction of CO (CORR) has shown good performance toward C3 fuels, but the cost and safety of gas storage hinder its industrialization. Herein, a system consisting of two tandem electrolyzers for converting CO2 to CO and CO to n‐propanol, respectively, is constructed. Beyond the reported tandem electrodes and one‐pot tandem catalysts, precise voltage control over tandem electrolyzers enables optimizing the conversion of both CO2RR to CO and CORR to n‐propanol. Significantly, an unprecedented Faradaic efficiency of 15.9% for n‐propanol along with corresponding half‐cell power conversion efficiency of 19.3% is achieved.
Solvation Structures in Aqueous Metal‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Wang Xinyu , Ma Longtao , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAqueous batteries have attracted great attention due to their inherent low cost, intrinsic safety, and environmental friendliness. Because of intrinsic oxygen evolution reactions (OER) and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) via water splitting, aqueous batteries possess narrow electrochemical stability windows (ESWs, theoretical ESW is 1.23 V), leading to low output voltage and low delivered capacity, and thus low energy density. Meanwhile, the parasitic side reactions of electrode materials dissolution, gas evolution, and dendrite growth can shorten cyclic stability of aqueous batteries. The above deep‐seated challenges are closely related to the solvation structure of metal ions, which can be settled by adjusting and regulating the solvation structure. This review summarizes the research progress in solvation structures in metal‐ion batteries. First, the design principles of the solvation structure and its impact on battery performance are introduced. Second, the regulation of the solvation structure and the research progress are introduced from three points of view: high concentration salt strategies, MOF modification and electrolyte additives. After that, the commonly used characterization methods for solvation structure are summarized. Finally, the existing problems and challenges in the frontier research of solvation structure research are summarized.
Destruction of 1,4‐Dioxane and VOCs with UV‐H2O2 in a high alkalinity groundwater
Authors: Najm Issam , Linden Karl , Liu Bryan , Liles Joseph , Winners Steve 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBench‐scale testing was conducted to evaluate the application of an Ultraviolet‐hydrogen peroxide (UV‐H2O2) advanced oxidation process (AOP) for the destruction of 1,4‐Dioxane (47 μg/L) and varying concentrations of three volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), including trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), and 1,1‐dichloroethylene (1,1‐DCE), from three samples of groundwater containing high alkalinity (281 mg/L as CaCO3). The UV doses applied ranged from zero to 5500 mJ/cm2 while the H2O2 concentrations ranged from 0 to 16 mg/L. The results showed that the bicarbonate and carbonate alkalinity greatly dominated the hydroxyl radical consumption and thus the 1,4‐Dioxane destruction rate. The removal of perchlorate, chlorate, and nitrate prior to UV‐H2O2 treatment had no discernable effect on 1,4‐Dioxane destruction, while the removal of TOC increased the rate of 1,4‐Dioxane destruction by approximately 25%. Depending on the combination of H2O2 concentration and UV dose, 1,4‐Dioxane destruction ranged from negligible to greater than 99%.
Efficient coexpression of recombinant human fusion collagen with prolyl 4‐hydroxylase from Bacillus anthracis in Escherichia coli
Authors: Liu Su , Li Yanmei , Wang Meng , Ma Yi , Wang Jufang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCollagen family members, the most abundant proteins in the human body, are widely used in biomedical fields and tissue engineering industries. However, the applications of collagen remain mostly relying on material derived from native tissues due to its extremely complex posttranslational modifications like proline hydroxylation, which hinder the large‐scale exogenous production of collagen. In the current study, we propose a novel prolyl hydroxylated recombinant human fusion collagen containing multiple native cell‐interaction sites derived from human type I and III collagen with good biocompatibility and thermal stability. To obtain prolyl hydroxylated collagen, prolyl 4‐hydroxylases (P4Hs) from Bacillus anthracis, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Dactylosporangium sp. RH1 were coexpressed with collagen in Escherichia coli, respectively. Among of which, prolyl 4‐hydroxylase (P4H) from B. anthracis showed the highest hydroxyl rate with 63.6%. Furthermore, a yield of hydroxylated collagen at 0.8 g/L was achieved by fed‐batch fermentation in a 5 L fermenter with the productivity of 0.0267 g L–1 h–1. Compared with nonhydroxylated recombinant collagen, hydroxylated recombinant collagen showed significant improvements in thermal stability and biocompatibility. Taken this together, our studies provide a promising method for further development of collagen application in biomaterials engineering.
Quality by design‐based optimization of Soxhlet extraction and identification of ephedrine by a HPTLC method forSida rhombifoliaandSida Cordifolia
Authors: Imran Mohd , Patil Shital Pradeep , Abourehab Mohammed A. S. , Aeri Vidhu , Kesharwani Prashant 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe study objective was to analyse the phytochemical constituents in aerial extracts of these plants using an HPTLC method and optimization by quality by design. Qualitative analysis of ephedrine in hydro‐alcoholic extract was done via HPTLC, using a mobile phase of toluene–ethyl acetate–chloroform–formic acid in the ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:01 and the peaks were monitored at 366 nm. In the hydro‐alcoholic aerial part extract, ephedrine was identified using the HPTLC method and the retardation factor (Rf) value was found to be 0.69 ± 0.01 and 0.69 ± 0.01, as compared with the standard sample. The extraction of plant materials was done using different concentration of water and alcohol solvents and quality by design was applied to optimize the extraction process and to find out the best extraction in an 80:20 ratio of hydro‐alcoholic extract. In the hydro‐alcoholic extract, the ephedrine was characterized using the HPTLC method and compared with the standard solution, and this method was used in herbal as well as academic research for the identification of ephedrine in poly herbal formulations as well as the ephedrine present in different plant extracts. Response surface methodology software was utilized to predict the path or choose the best extraction method.Sida rhombifoliaandSida cordifoliacan be used as substitutes forEphedra gerardianabased on the HPTLC profile.
Online measurement of the viscosity in shake flasks enables monitoring of γ‐PGA production in depolymerase knockout mutants of Bacillus subtilis with the phosphate‐starvation inducible promoter Ppst
Authors: Hoffmann Kyra , Halmschlag Birthe , Briel Simon , Sieben Michaela , Putri Sastia , Fukusaki Eiichiro , Blank Lars M. , Büchs Jochen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPoly‐γ‐glutamic acid (γ‐PGA) is a biopolymer with a wide range of applications, mainly produced using Bacillus strains. The formation and concomitant secretion of γ‐PGA increases the culture broth viscosity, while enzymatic depolymerisation and degradation of γ‐PGA decreases the culture broth viscosity. In this study, the recently published ViMOS (Viscosity Monitoring Online System) is applied for optical online measurements of broth viscosity in eight parallel shake flasks. It is shown that the ViMOS is suitable to monitor γ‐PGA production and degradation online in shake flasks. This online monitoring enables the detailed analysis of the Ppst promoter and γ‐PGA depolymerase knockout mutants in genetically modified Bacillus subtilis 168. The Ppst promoter becomes active under phosphate starvation. The different single depolymerase knockout mutants are ∆ggt, ∆pgdS, ∆cwlO and a triple knockout mutant. An increase in γ‐PGA yield in gγ‐PGA/gglucose of 190% could be achieved with the triple knockout mutant compared to the Ppst reference strain. The single cwlO knockout also increased γ‐PGA production, while the other single knockouts of ggt and pgdS showed no impact. Partial depolymerisation of γ‐PGA occurred despite the triple knockout. The online measured data are confirmed with offline measurements. The online viscosity system directly reflects γ‐PGA synthesis, γ‐PGA depolymerisation, and changes in the molecular weight. Thus, the ViMOS has great potential to rapidly gain detailed and reliable information about new strains and cultivation conditions. The broadened knowledge will facilitate the further optimization of γ‐PGA production.
Evaluating herbicide programs for peanut response and weed control
Authors: Kharel Prasanna , Devkota Pratap , MacDonald Gregory , Tillman Barry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractField research evaluated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) tolerance and weed control with preemergence (PRE) followed by early postemergence (EPOST) herbicide programs: PRE pyroxasulfone, S‐metolachlor, flumioxazin, pendimethalin, ethalfluralin, diclosulam, or dimethenamid‐P, followed by EPOST application of paraquat + acetochlor + bentazon at 4 wk after PRE (WA‐PRE). The herbicides resulted in no differences in peanut injury at 2 WA‐PRE in 2019 but flumioxazin resulted in approximately two‐fold greater injury (>22%) than other treatments in 2020 because of heavy rainfall at peanut cracking. Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S.Watson) control with diclosulam was lower than with other herbicides. Carpetweed (Mollugo verticillata L.) control with S‐metolachlor and dimethenamid‐P was at least 10% lower than with pendimethalin, flumioxazin, or pyroxasulfone at 4 WA‐PRE. Palmer amaranth control 2 wk after the EPOST (WA‐EPOST) application was >94% for all treatments except diclosulam. Peanut injury at 2 WA‐EPOST was ≤28% but was minimal by 8 WA‐EPOST. Overall, yield with herbicide treatments was similar to the weedfree control. A greenhouse experiment evaluated postemergence herbicide combinations for Palmer amaranth control, including 2,4‐DB, acifluorfen, imazapic, bentazon + acifluorfen, pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone, and various combinations of each. Palmer amaranth control (≥99%) was greater and biomass (≤0.3 g plant–1) was lower with acifluorfen treatments than with other treatments. The 2,4‐DB + pyroxasulfone + carfentrazone treatment provided similar control to acifluorfen treatments. The EPOST paraquat + acetochlor + bentazon combinations following an effective PRE program will effectively control Palmer amaranth in peanut. Additionally, greenhouse experiments supported the use of acifluorfen for postemergence Palmer amaranth control.
Performance of a novel, eco‐friendly, cellulose‐based superabsorbent polymer (Cellulo‐SAP): Absorbency, stability, reusability, and biodegradability
Authors: Arredondo Rosa , Yuan Zhongshun , Sosa Dennise , Johnson Anthony , Beims Ramon Filipe , Li Hongwei , Wei Qiang , Xu Chunbao Charles 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSuperabsorbent polymers (SAPs) have attracted tremendous attention recently, with researchers noting that their high water absorbability is valuable for various applications, especially in agricultural contexts. Two types of materials can be used to produce SAPs: Fossil‐based (which are harmful to the environment) and bio‐based (which are significantly more environmentally friendly, given their biodegradability and minimal toxic side effects). Although bio‐based SAPs are preferable for environmental reasons, their synthesis tends to be time consuming and labour intensive, while their absorption capacity (AC) can be far below expectations. To address these problems, a novel, eco‐friendly, cellulose‐based superabsorbent polymer (Cellulo‐SAP) was developed in this study through facile preparation via free radical synthesis using modified cellulose. Then, the absorbency, thermal/pH stability, reusability, and biodegradability of Cellulo‐SAP were evaluated. This new polymer demonstrated reusability as a water reservoir, in addition to high thermal and pH stability. More importantly, Cellulo‐SAP achieved an AC of 475 g/g and exhibited superior biodegradability compared to a commercial, fossil‐based SAP. Accordingly, these results prove that Cellulo‐SAP can be used in agriculture as an effective alternative to fossil‐based SAPs.
Does a country's environmental policy affect the value of small and medium sized enterprises liquidity in the energy sector?
Authors: La Rocca Tiziana , La Rocca Maurizio , Fasano Francesco , Cariola Alfio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCash management is important for energy SMEs, which, differently from large firms, face severe financial constraints and need to seize growth opportunities to ensure their survival. This paper, analyzing a large sample of European energy SMEs, finds a positive effect of holding a buffer of cash on firm performance. It shows that a stock of cash allows energy firms to prevent negative contingencies and/or achieve valuable growth patterns and investments. Moreover, considering that the energy industry is involved in environmental sustainability policies promoted by national governments, we find that complying with environmental regulations reduces the value of cash. Countries that pay more attention to environmental issues provide energy SMEs with growth opportunities and financial support, reducing the need to hold a stock of cash. A key implication is that, in a context with high environmental concern, energy SMEs have more financial flexibility to guarantee their growth with positive externalities for the energy sector.