bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced oxidative phosphorylation in Retinoblastoma tumors is dependent on depleted Hexokinase1 and lack of AMPKα activation
Authors: Babu Vishnu Suresh , Mallipatna Ashwin , S.A Deepak , Dudeja Gagan , Kannan Ramaraj , Shetty Rohit , Nair Archana , Gundimeda Seetharamanjaneyulu , Tun Sai Bo Bo , Ho Candice Ee Hua , Chaurasia Shyam , Bhattacharya Shomi , Verma Navin , Rajamani Laxminarayanan , Guha Nilanjan , Heymans Stephane , Veluchamy Amutha Barathi , Ghosh Arkasubhra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lack of retinoblastoma protein (Rb) causes aggressive intraocular retinal tumors in children. Recently, Rb tumors have been shown to have a distinctly altered metabolic phenotype, such as reduced expression of glycolytic pathway proteins alongside altered pyruvate and fatty acid levels. In this study, we demonstrate that loss of Hexokinase 1(HK1) in tumor cells rewires their metabolism allowing enhanced oxidative phosphorylation-dependent energy production. We show that rescuing HK1 or RB1 in these retinoblastoma cells reduced cancer hallmarks such as proliferation, invasion, spheroid formation and increased their sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs. Induction of HK1 was accompanied by a metabolic shift of the cells to glycolysis and a reduction in mitochondrial mass. Cytoplasmic HK1 bound Liver Kinase B1 (LKB1) and phosphorylated AMP-activated kinase-α (AMPKα Thr172), thereby reducing mitochondria-dependent energy production. We validated these findings in tumor samples from Rb patients compared to age-matched healthy retina. HK1 or RB1 expression in Rb-/- cells led to reduction in their respiratory capacity and glycolytic proton flux. HK1 overexpression reduced tumor burden in an intraocular tumor xenograft model. AMPKα activation by AICAR also enhanced the tumoricidal effects of chemotherapeutic drug topotecan in vivo. Therefore, enhancing HK1 or AMPKα activity can reprogram cancer metabolism and sensitize retinoblastoma tumors to lower doses of existing treatments, a potential therapeutic modality for retinoblastoma.
Single-cell analysis reveals the COL11A1+ fibroblasts are cancer-specific fibroblasts that promote tumor progression
Authors: Zhang Jiayu , Lu Shiqi , Lu Tong , Han Donghui , Zhang Keying , Gan Lunbiao , Wu Xinjie , Li Yu , Zhao Xiaolong , Li Zhengxuan , Shen Yajie , Hu Sijun , Yang Fa , Wen Weihong , Qin Weijun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote tumor progression through extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and extensive communication with other cell types in the tumor microenvironment. However, most CAF-targeting strategies have failed in clinical trials due to the heterogeneity of CAFs. Hence, we aimed to identify the tumor-promoting CAFs and determine their specific membrane molecules to ensure precise targeting.
Methods
We integrated multiple single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets across different tumors and adjacent normal tissues to identify the tumor-promoting CAF subtype. We tried to analyze the origin of these tumor-promoting CAFs, and we also performed a cell-type deconvolution analysis to examine the association between the tumor-promoting CAF subtype and prognosis in TCGA cancer cohorts.
Results
We found that COL11A1+ fibroblasts represent a novel CAF subtype that only exist in tumor tissues but not in normal tissues and named them cancer-specific fibroblasts (CSFs). By using pseudotime analysis, we revealed that these CSFs were transformed from normal fibroblasts. CSFs represent a more activated CAF subtype and may promote tumor progression by regulating ECM remodeling and inhibiting antitumor immune responses. We also identified that CSFs specifically express the surface molecules LRRC15, ITGA11, SPHK1 and FAP, which could distinguish CSFs from other fibroblasts.
Conclusions
We identified COL11A1+ fibroblasts as a novel subtype of CAFs that specifically exist in tumor tissues and named them CSFs. These CSFs specifically express LRRC15, ITGA11, SPHK1 and FAP, which could be used as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
How, where and when to screen for porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) in donor pigs for xenotransplantation
Authors: Halecker Sabrina , Hansen Sabrina , Krabben Ludwig , Ebner Friederike , Kaufer Benedikt , Denner Joachim 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV) that is actually a porcine roseolovirus (PRV) is a common herpesvirus in domestic pigs and wild boars. In xenotransplantation, PCMV/PRV has been shown to significantly reduce the survival time of pig kidneys and hearts in preclinical trials with different non-human primates. Furthermore, PCMV/PRV has been transmitted in the first pig to human heart xenotransplantation and contributed to the death of the patient. Although transmitted to the recipient, there is no evidence that PCMV/PRV can infect primate cells including human cells. Since PCMV/PRV is a roseolovirus closely related to the human herpesviruses 6 and 7, antiviral drugs against human CMV are not effective. However, there are well described strategies to eliminate the virus from pig facilities. In order to detect the virus and to eliminate it, highly sensitive detection methods and the knowledge, how, where and when to screen the donor pigs is required. Here, a comparative testing of different organs from pigs of different age using PCR-based and immunological methods was performed. Testing young piglets, PCMV/PRV was well detected by PCR in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, tonsils and heart. In adult animals, detection by PCR was in most cases not successful, because the virus was in latency. Therefore, detection of antibodies against selected recombinant proteins corresponding to epitopes detected by nearly all infected animals in a Western blot assays is advantageous. Immunological testing on the other hand is not beneficial in young animals. Piglets might have PCMV/PRV-specific antibodies that they obtained from the infected mother by the colostrum. Using a thoughtful combination of PCR-based and immunological methods, detection of PCMV/PRV in donor pigs for xenotransplantation is feasible and a controlled elimination of the virus by early weaning or other methods is possible.
Postoperative course of acute traumatic conus medullaris injury
with complete injury
Authors: Morishita Yuichiro , Sasaki Sota , Kawano Osamu , Yamamoto Takuaki , Maeda Takeshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Study design: Retrospective clinical study.Objectives: To evaluate annual changes in the pathology of conus medullaris injury (CMI) and investigate its precise pathophysiology.Setting: Hospital in Iizuka, Japan.Methods: From January 2012 to January 2020, 16 individuals with complete spinal cord injury caused by vertebral fracture at the level of T12 or L1 were included in this study. We collected American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS), Lower-Extremity Motor Score (LEMS), and modified Frankel classification (mFr) data at admission and at 24 months postoperatively. Results: At the final evaluation, 3 of the 16 participants (18.75%) showed neurological improvement from AIS A to AIS C or D. Furthermore, LEMS significantly improved during the postoperative 24 months (p < 0.05). In the mFr, 12 of the 16 participants (75.0%) showed improvement. Moreover, three individuals (18.75%) acquired independent walking ability (higher than mFr D3) at 24 months postoperatively.Conclusion: Even in cases of complete CMI only, the recovery of lower extremity muscle strength varies among individuals.
A case-study on effects of Bariatric Surgery for early-onset and adult-onset patients with obesity in a single center-Sri Lanka
Authors: Abeysinghe Ganindu Kalpa , Wijeratne Thejana Kamil , Wijetunga Lahiru , Wijetunga Udai , Abeyratne Dilini , Kariyawasam Maneesh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery focuses on patients with diverse health complications, varying onset of obesity and total duration of obesity. Sri Lanka characterizes an escalation of morbid obesity which had transformed into a significant public health concern. Therefore, objective of this study is to explore the metabolic parameters and health complication relationships of between early onset and adult-onset patients with obesity.
Objective
It has been shown that Bariatric Surgery is a better candidate for weight reduction for morbidly obese patients worldwide. Our goal is to investigate whether the similar principal would work out for bariatric surgery on morbidly obese patients in Sri Lanka.
Methods
A total of 110 unrelated patients from Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka were included into this study. The body fat parameters were measured to analyze percentage rate of weight loss and Body mass index (BMI) of patients prior to bariatric surgery and 9 months post operational. Patients were categorized into early-onset obese (< 18 years of age) and adult onset obese (> 18 years of age).
Results
Adult-onset patients with obesity had a higher body weight and body mass index compared to early-onset patients with obesity. Post-operational 9-month records indicate mean weight and BMI of early onset patients with obesity reduced by 33.03 kg and 12.88 kgm-2 (p < 0.001) respectively. Similarly, adult-onset obese patients reduced weight and BMI by 27.63 kg and 11.34 kgm-2 (p < 0.001) respectively.
Conclusion
Rate of reduction of mean weight and BMI of early-onset patients with obesity were comparatively higher than the adult-onset patients with obesity.
Deep Learning applied for Spectrum Sensing using multiple and concurrent stages
Authors: Ouamna Hamza , Madini Zhour , Zouine Younes 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Spectrum sensing techniques have many challenges and as one as the most challenges are the noise and interference rejection. Since the occurrence of noise power uncertainty cause the degradation of the performance of the spectrum detector. One of the most techniques of spectrum sensing is the Energy Level detection it could be used with deep learning network to distinguish between presence of signal and noise to this end, we will introduce a comparison between AlexNet, SqueezeNet ResNet101 and LSTM neural networks. To test them in different situations. . ...
A Hosting and Sharing Method as an Alternative to MATLAB Web App
Authors: Ren Ruijie , Sun Xiang-e , Hu Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Currently, using MATLAB Web App Server to deploy MATLAB Web applications for hosting and sharing interactive Web applications involves the following problems: slow loading of applications, incompatibility with some browser versions, and various shortcomings of deployment tools, such as poor scalability and difficulty in optimizing black boxes. These problems adversely affect the user experience. To address this situation, we propose the use of front-end technology to design application layouts and build an application hosting platform with front-end and back-end separation using Nginx and Python. This method is shown to be simple and efficient, and it can successfully overcome the aforementioned problems while providing new ideas for hosting and sharing.
The influence of social participation on the health of empty nesters in China
Authors: luo wei , cheng peng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the dual context of healthy aging and active aging, the article uses research data from the 2018 China Health and Aging Tracking Survey (CHARLS) to analyze the effects of different types of social participation on the health of empty nesters based on activity theory. The findings show that economic participation, social participation and family participation have significant effects on the health of empty nesters, but voluntary participation has no significant effects; there is variability in social participation on health under different dimensions, and social participation has more significant effects on the physical health of empty nesters. The above results remain robust after applying the instrumental variables approach to address endogeneity, which suggests that activity theory in enhancing the health of empty nesters through social participation can help to actively address the challenges of aging. Based on this, the article suggests the need to create a favorable social atmosphere for social participation of empty nesters, strengthen institutional construction, and provide strong legal protection; children should take the initiative to create conditions for their parents' social participation; and empty nesters should use their own work and participation abilities to partially or fully solve their health problems through their own behaviors.
The association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and hyperuricemia: NHANES 2007–2016
Authors: Chen Yiqiu , Han Ting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The impact of the potential inflammatory effect of diet on hyperuricemia has not been adequately investigated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on hyperuricemia in American adults.Methods: We conducted a cross-section study using the public database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2016. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) score was based on dietary recall interviews. The relationship between DII score and hyperuricemia was evaluated by multivariable adjusted logistic regression models and stratification analyses by potential confounders.Results: A total of 18,282 participants were eligible for this study. Multivariable logistic regression models suggested that hyperuricemia is independently correlated with DII scores. Compared to the lowest quartile of DII scores, the odds ratio (OR) for participants in the third and fourth quartile were 1.50 (95%CI: 1.26-2.78), 1.45 (95%CI: 1.25-1.68) for hyperuricemia (P-trend < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed that the association between the dietary inflammatory index and hyperuricemia was statistically significant in age groups, sex groups, white and black race, overweight subjects, marital status groups, PIR groups, none and ex-smokers, diabetes groups and hypertension groups.Conclusion: The results provide evidence of a positive association between DII score and hyperuricemia in American adults.
Further study on domains and quasihyperbolic distances
Authors: Ding Shusen , Helliwell Dylan , Pandya Gavin , Yae Arya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We establish constructive geometric tools for determining when a domain is Ls- averaging and obtain upper and lower bounds for the Ls- integrals of the quasihyperbolic distance. We also construct examples which are helpful to understand our geometric tools and the relationship between p-Poincare domains and Ls- averaging domains. Finally, finite unions of Ls(μ)-averaging domains are explored.
Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal high nitrate or ammonium applications alleviate photosynthetic decline of Phoebe bournei seedlings under elevated carbon dioxide by regulating glnA and rbcS
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wei Xiaoli , Wu Gaoyin , Chen Shengqun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Y.C. Yang is a precious timber species and is listed as a national secondary protection plant in China. P. bournei seedlings show obvious photosynthetic decline when grown long-term under an elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2). This decline can be alleviated by high nitrate or ammonium applications. However, the underlying mechanisms of photosynthetic decline and the regulation of photosynthesis by nitrogen under eCO2 have not yet been elucidated.
Results
We performed transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of P. bournei of seedlings grown under an ambient CO2 (AC) concentration (350 ± 70µmol·mol− 1) and applied with either a moderate level of nitrate(0.8 g per seedling, N), a high level of nitrate (1.2 g per seedling, hN), or a moderate level of ammonium (0.8 g per seedling, A) and compared them with those of seedlings grown under an elevated CO2 (EC) concentration (700 ± 10µmol·mol− 1,i.e., AC_N vs EC_N, AC_hN vs EC_hN, AC_A vs EC_A) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We identified 4528 (AC_N vs EC_N), 1378 (AC_hN vs EC_hN), and 252 (AC_A vs EC_A) DEGs and 230, 514, and 234 DEPs, respectively, of which 59 specific genes and 21 specific proteins were related to the regulation of photosynthesis by nitrogen under eCO2. A combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis identified 7 correlation-DEGs-DEPs (cor-DEGs-DEPs) genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of these cor-DEGs-DEPs genes revealed crucial pathways involved in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and nitrogen metabolism. The rbcS and glnA cor-DEGs-DEPs genes were enriched in these two metabolisms. We propose that the rbcS and glnA cor-DEGs-DEPs genes play an important role in photosynthetic decline and nitrogen regulation.
Conclusions
Transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of P. bournei were used to evaluate elevated CO2 effects on photosynthesis and nitrogen regulation. The elevated CO2 triggered the downregulation of glnA and RbcS, thus causing photosynthetic decline. High nitrate or ammonium applications alleviated the downregulation of glnA and rbcS and, hence, alleviated photosynthetic decline.
Use of an innovative cuff pressure control and subglottic secretions drainage system in COVID-19 ARDS patients undergoing pronation
Authors: Tanzarella Eloisa Sofia , Lombardi Gianmarco , Baroni Silvia , Sarlo Francesca , Cutuli Salvatore Lucio , Carelli Simone , Cesarano Melania , Gennenzi Veronica , Pintaudi Gabriele , Vargas Joel , Dell’Anna Antonio Maria , Grieco Domenico Luca , Urbani Andrea , Antonelli Massimo , De Pascale Gennaro 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anapnoguard endotracheal tubes and control unit were used in 15 patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. Anapnoguard system provides suction, venting, rinsing of subglottic space and controls cuff pressure detecting air leakage through the cuff. Alpha-amylase and pepsin levels, as oropharyngeal and gastric microaspiration markers, were detected from 85 tracheal aspirates.Oropharyngeal microaspiration occurred in 47 cases (55%). Episodes of gastric microaspiration weren’t detected. There wasn’t correlation in enzyme levels between prone and supine positioning. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rate was 40%. The use of the AG system provided effective Pcuff control and SS drainage. Nevertheless, the role of Anapnoguard system in VAP prevention is worthy to be further investigated.
CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ISOLATED LIGINS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND THEIR POTENTIAL USE CALORIFIC
Authors: Pompêu Gabriela Ciribelli Santos , Borges Mariana Fornazier , Otaguro Harumi , de Morais Luís Carlos , Pasquini Daniel , Ruggiero Reinaldo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
One of the advances of new technologies applied in biorefineries is focused on the valorization of lignin for the production of bioenergy and on the development of new products. The article aims to analyze and characterize different types of lignins isolated from four Brazilian agro-industrial residues: sugarcane bagasse, black liquor from cellulosic pulp, mango seed and pineapple peel. As a main focus, we approach the thermal and structural characterization of the samples, through the analysis of energy content, TGA, DSC, UV-Vis, SEM, FT-IR and elemental analysis. All of them had high potential for calorific and energy use, considering their high content of SCP and carbon in their compositions, which increases the profitability of bioenergy production. But, in particular, we highlight the lignin isolated from sugarcane bagasse and eucalyptus for its wide availability as industrial waste, easy access for use and large number of unused waste content and inappropriate disposal, suggesting further studies for their applications.
Modulating the Supramolecular Helicity of Poly(m-phenylenediamine) by Achiral Monomer Copolymerization
Authors: Zha Xinlin , Xu Guilin , Xiong Yi , Yan Zhong , Liu Ke , Li Mufang , Chen Yuanli , Lu Jing , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Designing artificial systems to mimic chiral superstructures and exploring how achiral molecules precisely modulate their chirality are crucial to understand the origin of homochirality in nature. Herein, we report that when using conventional supramolecular transcription methods to prepare chiral poly(m-phenylenediamine), simply introducing various small amounts of achiral diaminopyridines (DAPs) to copolymerize with m-phenylenediamine (MPD) enables the resulting chiral copolymers with adjustable helical configurations and chiroptical activities in an enantiopure template system. The strong hydrogen bonds between DAPs and the template molecules (L/D-PhgC16) proved to be the driving-force for guiding the chiral polymerization mode of MPD. Impressively, the exquisite self-sorting phenomenon is observed by tuning the stoichiometric ratio of DAP and D-PhgC16, where the as-prepared copolymers with opposite helicity can exist simultaneously to form a double network structure and their chiroptical activity could be well regulated. Furthermore, based on such a copolymerization strategy, we have built a conceptual library of helical functional copolymers with editable polymer types including conducting polymers and designable amine-aldehyde condensation-based polymers. This copolymerization-mediated synthetic protocol may facilitate the development of chiral polymers with controlled morphologies and dynamic compositions.
Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Developed During COVID-19 and Their Impact on the Academic Performance of Egyptian College Students
Authors: Rageh Omar El Sayed , Allah Meret Tawfik Awad , Abozekry Mennatullah Mohammed Abd el Nasser , Atlam Salwa Hassan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased levels of anxiety and depression among the public; however, the impact on the faculty of medicine students in Egypt with respect to academic achievement has not been well-documented.Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical college students in Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic and impact thereof on their academic achievement.Participants: 396 college students participated in this study and filled the questionnaire representing Egypt governates.Methodology:An online survey was conducted via Google Forms addressing undergraduate students of all medical fields belonging to all Egyptian universities. A previously validated questionnaire sheet containing standardized scale for anxiety and depression, named Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) form is used in this study.Results and Conclusion: Among the 396 participants, 28.5% experience symptoms of anxiety, and 35.6% are considered to have developed anxiety disorder. With respect to depressive symptoms, 21.2% are borderline and 38.1% experience actual depressive symptoms. However, there has been no significant association between these mental health issues and academic achievement. Families with sufficient savings and income as well as male students have fallen among the protective factors. High prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety among medical students during COVID 19 pandemic is alarming. Evidently, there is no significant impact on students’ academic performance; nevertheless, further studies are required to detect the long-term impact of this pandemic on student performance.