bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased breastfeeding; an educational exchange program between India and Norway improving newborn health in a low- and middle-income hospital population
Authors: Haaland Kirsti , Sitaraman Sadasivam 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the project was to improve newborn health in neonatal care units in a low resource area with high neonatal mortality, predominantly by better nutrition and educational exchange of health care workers.

Method
A fourfold program to make human milk production and distribution feasible and desirable. 1 Education to enlighten health care workers and parents to the excellence of human milk. 2 Lactation counselling to address the various challenges of breastfeeding. 3 Improving infants´ general condition. 4 Infrastructure alterations in the hospital. A collaboration between hospitals in India and Norway.

Results
The number of infants receiving human milk increased pronouncedly. Systematic, professional lactation counselling, the establishment of a milk bank, and empowerment of nurses was perceived as the most important factors.

Conclusions
It is possible to greatly improve nutrition and the quality of newborn care in low/middle income settings by optimising human resources. Viable improvements can be obtained by long-term health partnership, by involving all hierarchal levels and applying locally developed customized methods.
Neuroplasticity related to chronic pain and its modulation by microglia
Authors: Hiraga Shin-ichiro , Itokazu Takahide , Nishibe Mariko , Yamashita Toshihide 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNeuropathic pain is often chronic and can persist after overt tissue damage heals, suggesting that its underlying mechanism involves the alteration of neuronal function. Such an alteration can be a direct consequence of nerve damage or a result of neuroplasticity secondary to the damage to tissues or to neurons. Recent studies have shown that neuroplasticity is linked to causing neuropathic pain in response to nerve damage, which may occur adjacent to or remotely from the site of injury. Furthermore, studies have revealed that neuroplasticity relevant to chronic pain is modulated by microglia, resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia may directly contribute to synaptic remodeling and altering pain circuits, or indirectly contribute to neuroplasticity through property changes, including the secretion of growth factors. We herein highlight the mechanisms underlying neuroplasticity that occur in the somatosensory circuit of the spinal dorsal horn, thalamus, and cortex associated with chronic pain following injury to the peripheral nervous system (PNS) or CNS. We also discuss the dynamic functions of microglia in shaping neuroplasticity related to chronic pain. We suggest further understanding of post-injury ectopic plasticity in the somatosensory circuits may shed light on the differential mechanisms underlying nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic-type pain. While one of the prominent roles played by microglia appears to be the modulation of post-injury neuroplasticity. Therefore, future molecular- or genetics-based studies that address microglia-mediated post-injury neuroplasticity may contribute to the development of novel therapies for chronic pain.
Incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury after total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Hung Chun Wai , Zhang Theodore S. , Harrington Melvyn A. , Halawi Mohamad J. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common medical causes for readmission following total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This study aimed to (1) examine whether the incidence of AKI has changed over the past decade with the adoption of modern perioperative care pathways and (2) identify the risk factors and concomitant adverse events (AEs) associated with AKI.

Methods
535,291 primary TJA procedures from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The annual incidence of AKI was analyzed for significant changes over time. Matched cohort analyses were performed to identify the risk factors and AEs associated with AKI using multivariate logistic regression.

Results
The mean incidence of AKI was 0.051%, which remained unchanged during the study period (P = 0.121). Factors associated with AKI were diabetes (OR 1.96, P = 0.009), bilateral procedure (OR 6.93, P = 0.030), lower preoperative hematocrit level (OR 1.09, P = 0.015), body mass index (OR 1.04, P = 0.025), and higher preoperative BUN (OR 1.03, P = 0.043). AKI was associated with length of stay (LOS) > 2 days (OR 4.73, P <  0.001), non-home discharge (OR 0.25, P <  0.001), 30-day readmission (OR 12.29, P <  0.001), and mortality (OR 130.7, P <  0.001).

Conclusions
The incidence of AKI has not changed over the past decade, and it remains a major bundle buster resulting in greater LOS, non-home discharge, readmissions, and mortality. Avoidance of bilateral TJA in patients with DM and high BMI as well as preoperative optimization of anemia and BUN levels are advised.
Butterfly optimizer assisted Max–Min based multi-objective approach for optimal connection of DGs and optimal network reconfiguration of distribution networks
Authors: Thunuguntla Vinod Kumar , Injeti Satish Kumar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrently, the electrical distribution system is experiencing challenges such as low system efficiency due to substantial real power losses, a poor voltage profile, and inadequate system loadability as a result of the tremendous increase in system load demand. Therefore, distribution system operators are searching for ways to improve system efficiency and loadability. Distributed Generation technology has attracted a lot of researchers’ interest in recent days because of its enormous technological advantages in dealing with the aforementioned issues. This work presents a Max–Min based multi-objective optimization approach for optimal connection of distributed generators (OCDG) in the presence of optimal distribution network reconfiguration (ODNR) to enhance the system loadability ($$\lambda_{{{\text{max}}}}$$

λ
max

) and to reduce real power loss. Two scenarios are taken to achieve the proposed objectives. Scenario-1 deals with the enhancement of loss mitigation & system loadability. In scenario-2, to extract maximum benefits with less amount of real power injection by DGs into the system, DGs real power injection is taken as one of the objectives. Under each scenario, three cases are investigated. Case 1 and case 2 deal with single-objective optimization, whereas case 3 deals with multi-objective optimization. The butterfly Optimization (BO) technique is implemented for the optimization of proposed objectives. The proposed method is tested on 33 bus, 69 bus radial distribution test systems. To test the potential of the BO algorithm, the outcomes are contrasted with the suitable results that are accessible in the literature. From the outcomes, it was observed that real power loss of the system is reduced to (75–89)%, loadability enhanced to (94–121)% with the injection of 64% KVA by DGs into 33 & 69 bus systems.
Tuning quantum heat transport in magnetic nanostructures by spin-phonon interaction
Authors: Pan Hui , Ding Zhong-Ke , Zeng Yu-Jia , Li Qiu-Qiu , Tang Li-Ming , Chen Ke-Qiu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The introduction of spin degree of freedom has not only made the electronic transport properties colorful, but also highly attracted people's attention to the spin-related quantum heat transport, with the rapid progress of spin caloritronics in recent year. Against this background, the modeling and tuning of quantum heat transport in magnetic nanostructures has become an emerging and attractive topic. In particular, the spin-phonon interaction has played a crucial role in the novel transport behaviors of heat and spin. In this perspective article, we give an insight into the current theoretical and experimental progresses and discuss the further research perspectives of spin-phonon interaction-related heat transfer.
Immune cells in cardiac repair and regeneration
Authors: Simões Filipa C. , Riley Paul R. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The immune system is fundamental to tissue homeostasis and is the first line of defense following infection, injury or disease. In the damaged heart, large numbers of immune cells are recruited to the site of injury. These cells play an integral part in both repair by scar formation and the initiation of tissue regeneration. They initially assume inflammatory phenotypes, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and removing dead and dying tissue, before entering a reparative stage, replacing dead muscle tissue with a non-contractile scar. In this Review, we present an overview of the innate and adaptive immune response to heart injury. We explore the kinetics of immune cell mobilization following cardiac injury and how the different innate and adaptive immune cells interact with one another and with the damaged tissue. We draw on key findings from regenerative models, providing insight into how to support a robust immune response permissible for cardiac regeneration. Finally, we consider how the latest technological developments can offer opportunities for a deeper and unbiased functional understanding of the immune response to heart disease, highlighting the importance of such knowledge as the basis for promoting regeneration following cardiac injury in human patients.
The Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein modulates the neuronal cytoskeleton to limit dendritic arborization
Authors: Li Hui , Gavis Elizabeth R. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Dendritic arbor development is a complex, highly regulated process. Post-transcriptional regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins plays an important role in neuronal dendrite morphogenesis by delivering on-site, on-demand protein synthesis. Here, we show how the Drosophila fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), a conserved RNA-binding protein, limits dendrite branching to ensure proper neuronal function during larval sensory neuron development. FMRP knockdown causes increased dendritic terminal branch growth and a resulting overelaboration defect due, in part, to altered microtubule stability and dynamics. FMRP also controls dendrite outgrowth by regulating the Drosophila profilin homolog chickadee (chic). FMRP colocalizes with chic mRNA in dendritic granules and regulates its dendritic localization and protein expression. Whereas RNA-binding domains KH1 and KH2 are both crucial for FMRP-mediated dendritic regulation, KH2 specifically is required for FMRP granule formation and chic mRNA association, suggesting a link between dendritic FMRP granules and FMRP function in dendrite elaboration. Our studies implicate FMRP-mediated modulation of both the neuronal microtubule and actin cytoskeletons in multidendritic neuronal architecture, and provide molecular insight into FMRP granule formation and its relevance to FMRP function in dendritic patterning.
DNA methylation safeguards the generation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by repression of Notch signaling
Authors: Li Yan , Tang Chao , Liu Fan , Zhu Caiying , Liu Feng , Zhu Ping , Wang Lu 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The earliest hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are generated from the ventral wall of the dorsal aorta, through endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition during vertebrate embryogenesis. Notch signaling is crucial for HSPC generation across vertebrates; however, the precise control of Notch during this process remains unclear. In the present study, we used multi-omics approaches together with functional assays to assess global DNA methylome dynamics during the endothelial cells to HSPCs transition in zebrafish, and determined that DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) is essential for HSPC generation via repression of Notch signaling. Depletion of dnmt1 resulted in decreased DNA methylation levels and impaired HSPC production. Mechanistically, we found that loss of dnmt1 induced hypomethylation of Notch genes and consequently elevated Notch activity in hemogenic endothelial cells, thereby repressing the generation of HSPCs. This finding deepens our understanding of HSPC specification in vivo, which will provide helpful insights for designing new strategies for HSPC generation in vitro.
GIANI – open-source software for automated analysis of 3D microscopy images
Authors: Barry David J. , Gerri Claudia , Bell Donald M. , D'Antuono Rocco , Niakan Kathy K. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The study of cellular and developmental processes in physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) systems facilitates an understanding of mechanisms underlying cell fate, disease and injury. While cutting-edge microscopy technologies permit the routine acquisition of 3D datasets, there is currently a limited number of open-source software packages to analyse such images. Here, we describe General Image Analysis of Nuclei-based Images (GIANI; https://djpbarry.github.io/Giani), new software for the analysis of 3D images. The design primarily facilitates segmentation of nuclei and cells, followed by quantification of morphology and protein expression. GIANI enables routine and reproducible batch-processing of large numbers of images, and comes with scripting and command line tools. We demonstrate the utility of GIANI by quantifying cell morphology and protein expression in confocal images of mouse early embryos and by segmenting nuclei from light-sheet microscopy images of the flour beetle embryo. We also validate the performance of the software using simulated data. More generally, we anticipate that GIANI will be a useful tool for researchers in a variety of biomedical fields.
Potent microtubule-depolymerizing activity of a mitotic Kif18b–MCAK–EB network
Authors: McHugh Toni , Welburn Julie P. I. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The precise regulation of microtubule length during mitosis is essential to assemble and position the mitotic spindle and segregate chromosomes. The kinesin-13 Kif2C or MCAK acts as a potent microtubule depolymerase that diffuses short distances on microtubules, whereas the kinesin-8 Kif18b is a processive motor with weak depolymerase activity. However, the individual activities of these factors cannot explain the dramatic increase in microtubule dynamics in mitosis. Using in vitro reconstitution and single-molecule imaging, we demonstrate that Kif18b, MCAK and the plus-end tracking protein EB3 (also known as MAPRE3) act in an integrated manner to potently promote microtubule depolymerization at very low concentrations. We find that Kif18b can transport EB3 and MCAK and promotes their accumulation to microtubule plus ends through multivalent weak interactions. Together, our work defines the mechanistic basis for a cooperative Kif18b–MCAK–EB network at microtubule plus ends, that acts to efficiently shorten and regulate microtubules in mitosis, essential for correct chromosome segregation.
Shifting the water paradigm from social good to economic good and the state’s role in fulfilling the right to water
Authors: Nurcahyono Arinto , Fadhly Jambak Fabian , Rohman Abdul 
Published: May 2022

Background: The problem currently faced is the availability of water to meet human needs, which is decreasing in number. On the one hand, there is a view that water is a commodity (economic good) while on the other hand says that water is a social good. These different approaches influence state policies in water management on how the state regulates and manages water in fulfilling the right to water for their citizens. The right to water implies that everyone should have access to water without discrimination. Methods: This study uses a normative approach, which reviewing water as social economic issues and adjusting by the legal rules relating to water and human rights. Results: Changing the paradigm of water from social goods to economic goods, this change is also based on water scarcity faced not only by one country but has become a global issue. Economic issues are the main topic in the global conversation, by reducing water in a social perspective, which should be the responsibility of the state as Article 33 paragraph (3) of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945. This legal basis has logical consequences for the state to keep water as a social commodity oriented to the public interest. Conclusions: The pattern of economic approaches through privatization in the management of water resources has resulted in co-opting water as a collective source of life. Water is forced in commercial motivation rather than as a constitutive element that regulates water for the "sustainability of collective life" and "to the maximum extent possible for the prosperity of society." The fulfillment of the right to water by the state certainly cannot be directly fulfilled, the important thing is that there are progressive efforts to fulfill it, with community involvement in the management of water resources, especially local communities.
Case Report: Buprenorphine-precipitated fentanyl withdrawal treated with high-dose buprenorphine
Authors: Bormann Nicholas L. , Gout Antony , Kijewski Vicki , Lynch Alison 
Published: May 2022

Background: Buprenorphine, a partial agonist of the mu-opioid receptor, is an increasingly prescribed medication for maintenance treatment of opioid use disorder. When this medication is taken in the context of active opioid use, precipitated withdrawal can occur, leading to acute onset of opioid withdrawal symptoms. Fentanyl complicates use of buprenorphine, as it slowly releases from body stores and can lead to higher risk of precipitated withdrawal. Objectives: Describe the successful management of buprenorphine precipitated opioid withdrawal from fentanyl with high doses of buprenorphine. We seek to highlight how no adverse effects occurred in this patient and illustrate his stable transition to outpatient treatment. Case report: We present the case of a patient with severe opioid use disorder who presented in moderately severe opioid withdrawal after taking non-prescribed buprenorphine-naloxone which precipitated opioid withdrawal from daily fentanyl use. He was treated with high doses of buprenorphine, 148 mg over the first 48 hours, averaging 63 mg per day over four days. The patient reported rapid improvement in withdrawal symptoms without noted side effects and was able to successfully taper to 16 mg twice daily by discharge. Conclusions: This case demonstrates the safety and effectiveness of buprenorphine at high doses for treatment of precipitated withdrawal. While other options include symptomatic withdrawal management, initiating methadone or less researched options like ketamine, utilizing buprenorphine can preserve or re-establish confidence in this life-saving medication. This case also increases the previously documented upper boundary on buprenorphine dosing for withdrawal and should provide additional confidence in its use.
Case Report: Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza H1N1 in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome and a pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Baala Lekbir , Benzekri-Lefevre Dalila , Bret Laurent , Kamel Toufik , Guillaume Clémence , Courtellemont Laura , El Khalil Abdelkrim , Guery Thomas , Iquel Sophie , Perche Olivier , Khadre Khalid , Brungs Thomas , Decker Julien , Francia Thomas , Bois Julie , Delamare Benoit , Guinard Jérôme , Got Laurence , Briault Sylvain , Boulain Thierry , Legac Eric 
Published: May 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and has been a global public health concern. We report coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and 2009 H1N1 Influenza strain in a French patient with pneumonia leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The patient also had a medical history of pulmonary sarcoidosis with a restrictive ventilatory syndrome and obesity, which would be a supplementary risk to develop a poor outcomes. This case highlights the possible coinfection of two severe SARS-CoV-2 and influenza H1N1 viruses in comorbid patient, which presents a higher risk to extend the care duration. The overlapping clinical features of the two respiratory syndromes is a challenge, and awareness is required to recommend an early differential diagnosis and it’s necessary to adopt the vigilant preventive measures and therapeutic strategies to prevent a deleterious impacts in patients with comorbid factors.
Selective band amplification in ultra-broadband superimposed quantum dot reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers
Authors: Nahaei F. Serat , Rostami A. , Matloub S. 
Published: May 2022

In this paper, an approach is proposed for an ultra-broadband quantum dot (QD) reflective semiconductor optical amplifier using superimposed QDs with switching and band selection capability in the supported band. Furthermore, about 1 µm optical bandwidth is covered (O, E, S, C, and L bands), which is the desired region in most optical communication applications. Three optical windows are selected for optimized amplification (1.55 µm, 1.5 µm, 1.31 µm). Also, they can be amplified either simultaneously or one at a time, which guarantees independent modulation. This is a remarkable property in fast data transmission. The amplifier is devised by solution process nanotechnology, which guarantees its synthesizing feasibility with low cost. Finally, by introducing this amplifier, one step is taken toward the development of fast wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks.
Multiple-frequency-spaced and -offset flat optical comb generation using multiple-parallel phase modulator: theory and design
Authors: Sakamoto Takahide , Chiba Akito 
Published: May 2022

We propose and investigate reconfigurable multiple-frequency (MF)-spaced MF-offset flat optical comb generation using an electro-optic (EO) multiple-parallel phase modulator (MP-PM). In the technique, the frequency spacing and offset of the generated comb can be flexibly controlled through the EO modulation process without relying on optical filters, which are configurable at frequencies much beyond the EO modulation bandwidth, e.g., 50, 100 GHz, or higher. In this paper, the driving conditions of the MP-PM for the MF-spaced and MF-offset comb generation with great spectral flatness are analytically clarified and summarized as simple formulas. Repartitioning of the modulator arms is also discussed for flexible comb generation with higher conversion efficiency.