bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does legal freedom satisfy?
Authors: Berggren Niclas , Bjørnskov Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMuch political conflict in the world revolves around the issue of how much freedom to accord people. Liberal democracies are characterized by, e.g., the rule of law and a strong protection of civil rights, giving individuals a great deal of legally guaranteed freedom to lead their lives as they see fit. However, it is not known whether legal freedom suffices to make people satisfied with freedom. Our study explores that issue by relating seven indicators of legal freedom to the satisfaction people express with their freedom of choice. Using a sample of 133 countries over the period 2008–2018, and taking a panel-data approach, we find no robust baseline relationship. However, when exploring conditional associations by interacting the indicators with social trust, the rule of law is positively and increasingly related to satisfaction with freedom above and below a threshold level. Freedom of assembly is more positive for satisfaction with freedom the higher the GDP per capita and in democracies. Thus, for some types of legal freedom, formal legal institutions are complementary with culture, income and the political system in generating satisfaction with freedom.
Compositionality in Different Modalities: A View from Usage-Based Linguistics
Authors: Pleyer Michael , Lepic Ryan , Hartmann Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe field of linguistics concerns itself with understanding the human capacity for language. Compositionality is a key notion in this research tradition. Compositionality refers to the notion that the meaning of a complex linguistic unit is a function of the meanings of its constituent parts. However, the question as to whether compositionality is a defining feature of human language is a matter of debate: usage-based and constructionist approaches emphasize the pervasive role of idiomaticity in language, and argue that strict compositionality is the exception rather than the rule. We review the major discussion points on compositionality from a usage-based point of view, taking both spoken and signed languages into account. In addition, we discuss theories that aim at accounting for the emergence of compositional language through processes of cultural transmission as well as the debate of whether animal communication systems exhibit compositionality. We argue for a view that emphasizes the analyzability of complex linguistic units, providing a template for accounting for the multimodal nature of human language.
Community detection in weighted networks using probabilistic generative model
Authors: Hajibabaei Hossein , Seydi Vahid , Koochari Abbas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCommunity detection in networks is a useful tool for detecting the behavioral and inclinations of users to a specific topic or title. Weighted, unweighted, directed, and undirected networks can all be used for detecting communities depending on the network structure and content. The proposed model framework for community detection is based on weighted networks. We use two important and effective concepts in graph analysis. The structural density between nodes is the first concept, and the second is the weight of edges between nodes. The proposed model advantage is using a probabilistic generative model that estimates the latent parameters of the probabilistic model and detecting the community based on the probability of the presence or absence of weighted edge. The output of the proposed model is the intensity of belonging each weighted node to the communities. A relationship between the observation of a pair of nodes in multiple communities and the probability of an edge with a high weight between them, is one of the important outputs that interpret the detected communities by finding relevancy between membership of nodes to communities and edge weight. Experiments are performed on real-world weighted networks and synthetic weighted networks to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results will show that the proposed algorithm is more density and accurate than other algorithms in weighted community detection.
Psychological and Physical Intimate Partner Violence, Measured by the New York City Community Health Survey — New York City, 2018
Authors: Alroy Karen A. , Wang Amy , Sanderson Michael , Gould L. Hannah , Stayton Catherine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Intimate partner violence (IPV) can damage long-term physical and mental health, yet IPV prevalence in New York City (NYC) is unknown. We described prevalence and health correlates of psychological and physical IPV in NYC.

Method
The 2018 NYC Community Health Survey, a representative telephone survey among adult residents, asked about lifetime psychological or physical IPV experiences. We estimated age-adjusted physical and psychological prevalence, stratified by demographic variables, and created log-linear multivariable models with 95% CIs to measure the association of each IPV type with health conditions and behaviors.

Results
Overall, 10,076 surveys were completed. We excluded responses with missing IPV values. Of 9,945 adults, 16.7% reported ever having experienced psychological IPV; higher prevalence among females (18.6%; CI:17.0–20.2) than males (14.5%; CI:13.1–16.2). Prevalence of not getting needed mental health treatment (PR: 4.5; CI:3.3–6.1) and current depression (PR:2.6 CI:2.1–3.1) was higher among adults who had ever experienced psychological IPV, compared with those who had not. Of 9,964 adults, 9.8% reported ever having experienced physical IPV; higher prevalence among females (12.4%; CI:11.1–13.8) than males (6.8%; CI:5.8–8.0). Prevalence of not getting needed mental health treatment (PR:3.9, CI:2.8–5.4) and current depression (PR:2.6, CI:2.1–3.2) was higher among adults who had ever experienced physical IPV, compared with those who had not.

Conclusions
One in six (16.7%) and one in 10 (9.8%) NYC adults reported ever experiencing psychological IPV and ever experiencing physical IPV, respectively. Key implications suggest that IPV potentially underlies public health priority health conditions and behaviors.
Measuring CMB Spectral Distortions from Antarctica with COSMO: Blackbody Calibrator Design and Performance Forecast
Authors: Mele L. , Battistelli E. S. , de Bernardis P. , Bersanelli M. , Columbro F. , Coppi G. , Coppolecchia A. , D’Alessandro G. , De Petris M. , Franceschet C. , Gervasi M. , Lamagna L. , Limonta A. , Manzan E. , Marchitelli E. , Masi S. , Mennella A. , Nati F. , Paiella A. , Pettinari G. , Piacentini F. , Piccirillo L. , Pisano G. , Realini S. , Tucker C. , Zannoni M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCOSMO is a ground-based instrument to measure the spectral distortions (SD) of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). In this paper, we present preliminary results of electromagnetic simulations of its reference blackbody calibrator. HFSS simulations provide a calibrator reflection coefficient of $$R\sim 10^{-6}$$

R
∼

10

-
6

, corresponding to an emissivity $$\epsilon =1-R=0.999999$$

ϵ
=
1
-
R
=
0.999999

. We also provide a forecast for the instrument performance by using an ILC-based simulation. We show that COSMO can extract the isotropic Comptonization parameter (modeled as $$|y|=1.77 \cdot 10^{-6}$$

|
y
|

=
1.77
·

10

-
6

) as $$|y|=(1.79\pm 0.19)\cdot 10^{-6}$$

|
y
|

=

(
1.79
±
0.19
)

·

10

-
6

, in the presence of the main Galactic foreground (thermal dust) and of CMB anisotropies, and assuming perfect atmospheric emission removal.
A Lab-Scale Experiment for keV Sterile Neutrino Search
Authors: Lee Y. C. , Kim H. B. , Kim H. L. , Kim S. K. , Kim Y. H. , Kwon D. H. , Lim H. S. , Park H. S. , Woo K. R. , Yoon Y. S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe developed a simple small-scale experiment to measure the beta decay spectrum of$$^{3}$$3H. The aim of this research is to investigate the presence of sterile neutrinos in the keV region. Tritium nuclei were embedded in a 1$$\times$$×1$$\times$$×1 cm$$^3$$3LiF crystal from the$$^6$$6Li(n,$$\alpha$$α)$$^3$$3H reaction. The energy of the beta electrons absorbed in the LiF crystal was measured with a magnetic microcalorimeter at 40 mK. We report a new method of sample preparation, experiments, and analysis of$$^3$$3H beta measurements. The spectrum of a 10-hour measurement agrees well with the expected spectrum of$$^3$$3H beta decay. The analysis results indicate that this method can be used to search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos.
Proteomic features of skeletal muscle adaptation to resistance exercise training as a function of age
Authors: Deane Colleen S. , Phillips Bethan E. , Willis Craig R. G. , Wilkinson Daniel J. , Smith Ken , Higashitani Nahoko , Williams John P. , Szewczyk Nathaniel J. , Atherton Philip J. , Higashitani Atsushi , Etheridge Timothy 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResistance exercise training (RET) can counteract negative features of muscle ageing but older age associates with reduced adaptive capacity to RET. Altered muscle protein networks likely contribute to ageing RET adaptation; therefore, associated proteome-wide responses warrant exploration. We employed quantitative sarcoplasmic proteomics to compare age-related proteome and phosphoproteome responses to RET. Thigh muscle biopsies were collected from eight young (25 ± 1.1 years) and eight older (67.5 ± 2.6 years) adults before and after 20 weeks supervised RET. Muscle sarcoplasmic fractions were pooled for each condition and analysed using Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantification (iTRAQ) labelling, tandem mass spectrometry and network-based hub protein identification. Older adults displayed impaired RET-induced adaptations in whole-body lean mass, body fat percentage and thigh lean mass (P > 0.05). iTRAQ identified 73 differentially expressed proteins with age and/or RET. Despite possible proteomic stochasticity, RET improved ageing profiles for mitochondrial function and glucose metabolism (top hub; PYK (pyruvate kinase)) but failed to correct altered ageing expression of cytoskeletal proteins (top hub; YWHAZ (14–3-3 protein zeta/delta)). These ageing RET proteomic profiles were generally unchanged or oppositely regulated post-RET in younger muscle. Similarly, RET corrected expression of 10 phosphoproteins altered in ageing, but these responses were again different vs. younger adults. Older muscle is characterised by RET-induced metabolic protein profiles that, whilst not present in younger muscle, improve untrained age-related proteomic deficits. Combined with impaired cytoskeletal adhesion responses, these results provide a proteomic framework for understanding and optimising ageing muscle RET adaptation.
Missing Care: the Initial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on CKD Care Delivery
Authors: Diamantidis Clarissa J. , Cook David J. , Dunning Stephan , Redelosa Cyd Kristoff , Bartolome Martin Francis D. , Romero Roland Albert A. , Vassalotti Joseph A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common condition with adverse health outcomes addressable by early disease management. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on care utilization for the CKD population is unknown.

Objective
To examine pandemic CKD care and identify factors associated with a high care deficit.

Design
Retrospective observational study

Participants
248,898 insured individuals (95% Medicare Advantage, 5% commercial) with stage G3–G4 CKD in 2018

Main Measures
Predicted (based on the pre-pandemic period of January 1, 2019–February 28, 2020) to observed per-member monthly face-to-face and telehealth encounters, laboratory testing, and proportion of days covered (PDC) for medications, evaluated during the early (March 1, 2020–June 30, 2020), pre-vaccine (July 1, 2020–December 31, 2020), and late (January 2021–August 2021) periods and overall.

Key Results
In-person encounters fell by 24.1% during the pandemic overall; this was mitigated by a 14.2% increase in telehealth encounters, resulting in a cumulative observed utilization deficit of 10% relative to predicted. These reductions were greatest in the early pandemic period, with a 19.8% cumulative deficit. PDC progressively decreased during the pandemic (range 9–20% overall reduction), with the greatest reductions in hypertension and diabetes medicines. CKD laboratory monitoring was also reduced (range 11.8–43.3%). Individuals of younger age (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16, 2.28), with commercial insurance (1.43, 95% CI 1.25, 1.63), residing in the Southern US (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.14, 1.21), and with stage G4 CKD (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.17, 1.26) had greater odds of a higher care deficit overall.

Conclusions
The early COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a marked decline of healthcare services for individuals with CKD, with an incomplete recovery during the later pandemic. Increased telehealth use partially compensated for this deficit. The downstream impact of CKD care reduction on health outcomes requires further study, as does evaluation of effective care delivery models for this population.
Forensisch-sexualwissenschaftliche Risikoeinschätzungen im Familienrecht: ein Diskussionsbeitrag zur Prävention innerfamiliären sexuellen Missbrauchs
Authors: Iffland Judith A. , Oesterlein Natalie , Gossmann Diana 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der psychologisch-psychiatrischen Begutachtungspraxis mehren sich Anfragen von Familiengerichten, die um eine kriminalprognostisch-sexualwissenschaftliche Begutachtung eines Elternteils oder neuen Partners bitten. Hintergrund dieser Aufträge sind entweder Vorstrafen oder laufende Ermittlungen wegen Sexualdelikten oder Hinweise auf paraphile Interessen der Probanden. Wenngleich in vielen Fällen bereits familienpsychologische Sachverständige im Verfahren zu Fragen der Erziehungsfähigkeit und/oder einer etwaigen Kindeswohlgefährdung beauftragt wurden, lehnen diese die Beantwortung derartiger sexualforensischer Risikoeinschätzungen mit dem Verweis auf eine fehlende Kompetenz oft ab. Es besteht große Verunsicherung aufseiten beauftragender Gerichte, des Jugendhilfesystems, aber auch Sachverständiger bezüglich der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen eines diagnostischen Vorgehens und des Zusammenwirkens unterschiedlicher Gutachtenbereiche. Der vorliegende Beitrag liefert einen theoretischen Hintergrund, einen Sachstandsbericht aus der Praxis und diskutiert unterschiedliche Zuständigkeiten bei derartigen Fragestellungen sowie ein praktikables Vorgehen.
Relationship between Trace Elements and Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and their Tissue Inhibitors in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Vázquez-Lorente Héctor , Dundjerović Duško M. , Tatić Svetislav B. , Rodríguez-Menéndez Sara , González-Iglesias Héctor , Gomes Cláudio M. , Paunović Ivan R. , Dragutinović Vesna V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) constitutes around 5% of all thyroid cancers. Trace elements assessment has emerged as a useful strategy in the diagnostics of MTC combined with Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and Tissue Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases (TIMPs) analysis. The aim of this study was to compare the presence and content of trace elements (i.e., Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), and Manganese (Mn)) in MTC with respect to control samples and their potential relationship with markers of MTC in tissues. The study included 26 patients who had undergone thyroidectomy, due to the diagnosis of MTC and 17 patients as control. We combined tumour pathology and staging, immunohistochemical analysis of calcitonin, MMPs, and TIMPs, with analytical biochemistry using Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the levels of trace elements. No differences by MTC type for MMPs and their TIPMs, although strong TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 immunohistochemical expression of MTC were unveiled. Additionally, Zn, Fe, and Mn tended to be decreased, and Cu to be increased in samples presenting MTC with respect to controls. Moreover, Zn was the unique trace element which seemed to be correlated with MMPs and TIMPs. Trace elements such as Zn, Fe, and Mn are decreased in tissues affected by MTC. In addition, Zn may be the trace element which saves more relationship with the proportion and intensity of MMPs, being considered altogether useful biomarkers of MTC. We therefore suggest the analysis of novel and traditional markers of MTC as a novel approach in this pathology.
Novel Physically Cross-Linked Curcumin-Loaded PVA/Aloe vera Hydrogel Membranes for Acceleration of Topical Wound Healing: In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments
Authors: Kenawy El-Refaie S. , Kamoun Elbadawy A. , Ghaly Zeinab S. , Shokr Abdel-baset M. , El-Meligy Mahmoud A. , Mahmoud Yehia A.-G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aims to prepare novel cross-linked antimicrobial membranes composed of PVA-Aloe vera hydrogels using novel physically cross-linked method via transforming PVA to high crystalline structure using propanol. Curcumin was incorporated to improve the membrane biological properties; while gentamycin improved sharply antimicrobial properties. PVA-Aloe vera hydrogel membranes were analyzed by FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA measurements for characterizing resultant cross-linked membranes. Physicochemical measurements, e.g., swelling and mechanical stability were assessed for further studying the dressings. Antibacterial activity of cross-linked PVA-Aloe vera-curcumin membranes was tested using five bacterial strains. Results showed that high Aloe vera content in cross-linked membranes has insignificant impact on the release of gentamicin. Adult Wister Albino rats were used to test membrane’s ability for improving the wound healing rate in vivo. In vivo findings showed that PVA/Aloe vera/curcumin membranes dramatically reduced the size of mouse full-thickness wounds, as indicated by a decrease in the wound size. Furthermore, histological tests of wounds dressed with membranes revealed a significant re-epithelialization; compared to wounds treated with cotton gauze and PVA/Aloe vera dressings without curcumin, showing curcumin’s efficacy. These results refer to PVA-Aloe vera-curcumin membrane has exceptional wound healing and skin regeneration capacity.
DARTS—Drone and Artificial Intelligence Reconsolidated Technological Solution for Increasing the Oil and Gas Pipeline Resilience
Authors: Ravishankar Premkumar , Hwang Seokyon , Zhang Jing , Khalilullah Ibrahim X. , Eren-Tokgoz Berna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe need for safe operation and effective maintenance of pipelines grows as oil and gas demand rises. Thereby, it is increasingly imperative to monitor and inspect the pipeline system, detect causes contributing to developing pipeline damage, and perform preventive maintenance in a timely manner. Currently, pipeline inspection is performed at pre-determined intervals of several months, which is not sufficiently robust in terms of timeliness. This research proposes a drone and artificial intelligence reconsolidated technological solution (DARTS) by integrating drone technology and deep learning technique. This solution is aimed to detect the targeted potential root problems—pipes out of alignment and deterioration of pipe support system—that can cause critical pipeline failures and predict the progress of the detected problems by collecting and analyzing image data periodically. The test results show that DARTS can be effectively used to support decision making for preventive pipeline maintenance to increase pipeline system safety and resilience.
Individual variable speed limit trajectory planning considering stochastic arriving patterns
Authors: Li Qianwen , Yao Handong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConnected vehicles enabled by communication technologies have the potential to improve traffic mobility and enhance roadway safety such that traffic information can be shared among vehicles and infrastructure. Fruitful speed advisory strategies have been proposed to smooth connected vehicle trajectories for better system performance with the help of different car-following models. Yet, there has been no such comparison about the impacts of various car-following models on the advisory strategies. Further, most of the existing studies consider a deterministic vehicle arriving pattern. The resulting model is easy to approach yet not realistic in representing realistic traffic patterns. This study proposes an Individual Variable Speed Limit (IVSL) trajectory planning problem at a signalized intersection and investigates the impacts of three popular car-following models on the IVSL. Both deterministic and stochastic IVSL models are formulated, and their performance is tested with numerical experiments. The results show that, compared to the benchmark (i.e., without speed control), the proposed IVSL strategy with a deterministic arriving pattern achieves significant improvements in both mobility and fuel efficiency across different traffic levels with all three car-following models. The improvement of the IVSL with the Gipps’ model is the most remarkable. When the vehicle arriving patterns are stochastic, the IVSL improves travel time, fuel consumption, and system cost by 8.95%, 19.11%, and 11.37%, respectively, compared to the benchmark without speed control.
Mapping the flat glass value-chain: a material flow analysis and energy balance of UK production
Authors: Hartwell Rebecca , Coult Graham , Overend Mauro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGlass is one of the UK’s eight energy-intensive industries. As such, it is under scrutiny to decouple growth in production from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Recycled glass, also known as cullet, requires less energy to melt than primary raw materials in new glass production. The use of cullet thus reduces the energy intensity per unit of output whilst also reducing demand for primary material resources. However, efficient systems for flat glass collection are yet to be established in the UK, resulting in a limited supply of cullet available for the flat glass market and missed environmental opportunities. This study identifies the existing supply-chain inefficiencies in the UK glass industry in three stages. Firstly, the mass flows of materials within the three main glass sectors: container glass, flat glass and glass wool, are mapped from natural resource through to primary application and subsequent end-of-life management based on a reference year of annual production figures. The map is presented in the form of a “Sankey” diagram which draws attention to several opportunities for increasing resource efficiency; namely in the stark contrast in glass collection rates between the flat and container glass industry. Using the data collected on the annual mass flows of materials in the UK flat glass sub-sector, the energy (MJ) and GHG emission (CO2-eq) saving potential of enhanced end-of-life collection methods are assessed, based on three alternative recovery scenarios. These scenarios consider the use of alternative distributions of recovered flat glass cullet in the three primary glass sub-sectors. The emission savings resulting from each recovery scenario are evaluated, based on the estimated tonnage yield of finished flat glass products. It is shown that together with improved manufacturing yield, the reutilization of end-of-life flat glass as cullet in new production could reduce the annual emissions of the UK flat glass value-chain by up to 18.6%. Finally we review the existing barriers to recycling different glass types based on acceptability criteria and available take-back infrastructure, and thus find that the advancement of improved recycling rates will rely on establishing the business opportunity and/or supporting policy for developing efficient systems for flat glass collection.