bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep-related Attentional and Interpretive Bias In Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: Akram Umair , Gardani Maria , Barclay Nicola , Milkins Bronwyn , Stevenson Jodie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Prominent cognitive models of insomnia have emphasized the notion that the disorder is in part maintained by cognitive biases of attention and interpretation for sleep-related “threat” cues which may be internal or external in nature. We present the first systematic review of the sleep-related attention and interpretive bias literature that includes meta-analytic calculations for each respective construct. Literature search identified N=21 attentional bias and N=8 interpretive bias studies that met pre-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Seventeen of the twenty-one reviewed attention bias studies compared normal sleeping controls and poor sleepers/insomnia patients. Based on a random effects model, meta-analytic data based on the standardized mean differences of attentional bias studies determined the weighted pooled effect size (17 studies, N=922) to be moderate at .60 (95% CI: 0.26 to 0.93). Furthermore, seven of eight sleep-related interpretive bias studies examined normal sleeping controls and poor sleepers/insomnia patients in sleep-related interpretive bias. Meta-analytic data determined the weighted pooled effect size (7 studies, N=577) to be moderate at .44 (95% CI: 0.19 to 0.69). Based on the outcomes, disorder congruent attentional and interpretive biases appear to be a tentative feature of insomnia. However, despite statistical support for this notion, the absence of longitudinal data limits causal inference concerning the relative role of these biases in the development and maintenance of insomnia. Methodological factors pertaining to the task design, sample population and stimuli are discussed in relation to variation in study outcomes. Finally, we discuss the next steps moving forward to advance the understanding of sleep-related attentional and interpretive bias in insomnia.
Contrasting diversity and community assembly of leaf- and root-associated bacterial communities from 13 tree species in a subtropical forest
Authors: Yang Hao , Zheng Yong , Yang Zhijie , Wang Quan-Cheng , Lü Peng-Peng , Hu Hang-Wei , Yang Yusheng , He Ji-Zheng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Deciphering the local diversity and community assembly of plant-associated microorganisms is crucial to better predict the ecological functioning in forest ecosystems. The differences in microbial diversity and community assembly pattern between plant aboveground and belowground compartments, however, are less documented. Here, we examined the bacterial communities in the leaf- (endophytic and epiphytic) and root- (root and rhizospheric soil) associated habitats of 13 tree species in a subtropical forest ecosystem.
Results
The bacterial α-diversity (phylotype richness) substantially differed across the four habitats, with the highest and lowest values observed in soil and leaf endophytic compartments, respectively. The variations of α-diversity amongst the 13 tree species were more obvious in leaf endophytic and epiphytic habitats than in their corresponding roots and soils. The bacterial community compositions were different across the four habitats and were significantly more divergent in leaf- than in root-associated habitats. Moreover, deterministic processes dominated the endophytic and epiphytic community assembly, whereas stochastic processes primarily affected community assembly in root and rhizospheric soils. Leaf nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and soil pH were the main factors influencing leaf- and root-related community compositions, respectively.
Conclusions
This study highlights the contrasting diversity and community assembly patterns between leaf- and root-inhabiting bacteria. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the maintenance mechanisms of microbial diversity in the subtropical forest ecosystem.
Defined, low threshold for cesarean section and multidisciplinary team management improves fetal outcome from acute pancreatitis in pregnancy
Authors: He Wenhua , Zhang Zhi , Cai Wenhao , Luo Lingyu , Xu Hongrong , Li Lei , Li Jiarong , Xia Liang , Zhu Yong , Liu Pi , Zeng Hao , Cao Chunshui , Chen Haiming , Yuan Gaole , Yu Chen , Wan Junhui , Szatmary Peter , Sutton Robert , Zhu Yin , Lu Nonghua 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy (APIP) is associated with increased maternal and fetal mortality. We sought to determine whether a low threshold for cesarean section (C-section) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) improves maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with APIP.
Methods
We identified patients with APIP at a single institution from a prospective database and studied fetal and maternal health in APIP before (2005–2014) and after (2015–2019) introduction of multidisciplinary team management with a defined, lowered threshold for C-section. The primary end point was fetal mortality comprising abortion and perinatal death. Risk factors associated with fetal mortality were analysed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
A total of 165 patients with APIP were eligible for analysis. There was a highly significant increase in patients undergoing C-section from 37 (30.8%) of 120 during 2005–2014 to 27 (60%) of 45 in 2015–2019 (P = 0.001), with a highly significant fall in fetal mortality from 37 (30.8%) of 120 to 3 (6.7%) of 45 between the same periods (P = 0.001), when maternal mortality fell from 6 to zero (P = 0.19). Maternal early systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (odds ratio [OR]: 6.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–30.80, P = 0.01) and SAP (OR: 3.64, 95%CI: 1.25–10.60, P = 0.02) were two independent risk factors associated with fetal mortality.
Conclusion
Multidisciplinary collaboration and a defined, low threshold for C-section improve fetal outcomes in patients with APIP. We recommend persistent SIRS as a selection criterion for early C-section in APIP.
Engineered exosomes loaded with miR-494-3p suppress homologous ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Suli , Li Ke 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignant tumor that endangers women's health. We intend to develop engineered exosomes to deliver the suppressor microRNA to inhibit the growth and progression of OC.
Methods
The level of miR-494-3p in OC tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. Exosomes secreted by OC cells were isolated and loaded with miR-494-3p by electroporation to prepare the engineered exosomes miR-494-3p Exo. The morphology and size of miR-494-3p Exo were identified using the Transmission Electron Microscope and Nanoparticle Tracing Analysis. Western blot (WB) was conducted to detect the exosomal markers TSG101 and CD63. The loading efficiency was assessed by qRT-PCR. Exosomes labelled with PKH26 were used to study the specific uptake by OC cells. OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were treated with PBS, Unload Exo and miR-494-3p Exo, respectively. EdU assay was conducted to evaluate proliferation, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis, scratching assay to evaluate migration, Transwell assay to evaluate migration and invasion. And the levels of apoptosis-, migration- and invasion-related proteins were assessed by WB.
Results
MiR-494-3p was expressed at a low level in OC tissues and cell lines. Engineered exosomes loaded with miR-494-3p with an average size of 30–120 nm were successfully prepared, and can be specifically absorbed by OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells. MiR-494-3p Exo can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells and promote apoptosis.
Conclusions
MiR-494-3p-loaded engineered exosomes can inhibit homologous OC cells.
Environmental Regulation, Technological Innovation and Industrial Environmental Efficiency:An Empirical Study Based on Chinese Cement Industry
Authors: tu hongxing , Dai wei , hua fengtao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using DEA-Tobit model, the paper empirically analyzes the impact of environmental regulation and technological innovation on industrial environmental efficiency with the data from Chinese Cement Industry. The results show that both environmental regulation and technological innovation all have a significant role in promoting the environmental efficiency of cement industry. Among all the influencing factors, the improvement of pollution disposal capacity has the biggest positive effect on environmental efficiency, while the energy-saving effect caused by environmental regulation is not obvious, the factor endowment structure has no substantial impact on environmental efficiency. Adhering to the strategy of "reducing emissions mainly and saving energy as auxiliary", continuously optimizing the energy consumption structure, raising the level of industrialization and industrial agglomeration are conducive to the sustainable development of China’s cement industry.
The Impact of Income Inequality on Environmental Quality: A Sectoral-Level Analysis
Authors: Alataş Sedat , Akın Tuğba 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There is a growing literature on the relationship between income inequality and emissions. However, these studies ignore the sectoral level differences in carbon emissions. We argue that the environmental effect of inequality might vary at the sectoral level. Our main purpose is to contribute to this growing literature on the inequality-emissions nexus by considering sectoral-level differences. For that purpose, we focus on five different sectors: power industry, buildings, transport, other industrial combustion, and other sectors. To specify our model, we augment the environmental Kuznets curve framework with income inequality by controlling the effect of globalization and urbanization. Our country sample consists of 28 OECD economies for the period between 1990 and 2018. Methodologically, we apply the second-generation panel unit root, cointegration tests, and estimators, which produce robust results against the cross-sectional dependence. Our findings reveal that not only income but also income inequality is a crucial factor in explaining changes in sectoral emissions. While rising income inequality increases carbon emissions from the power and building sectors, this finding turns out to be negative for the transport, other industrial combustion, and other sectors. Our results suggest that policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions should be designed at the sectoral level.
Experimental study of scour morphology from plunging water jets
Authors: Kartal Veysi , Emiroglu M. Emin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractScour due to plunging water jets is a key topic in hydraulic engineering. This study presents the topography of the scour hole formed by water jets from circular nozzles in the downstream pool. Experimental studies for topographic changes in the downstream pool are limited in the literature. Several experiments were carried out to determine scour morphology due to turbulent water jets obliquely impinged on the downstream pool. The topographic changes, maximum scour depths, volume of scour hole and upstream and downstream slopes of scour hole at the equilibrium time were studied in detail. The densimetric Froude number and impingement angle affect the scour morphology. The volume of scour hole increases with the increase of densimetric Froude number and the decrease of impingement length. The topographic maps clearly show that the water jet affected the scour with the decrease of its velocity due to contact with the air at large impingement distances. Moreover, the upstream scour hole angle is approximately equal to the downstream scour hole angle. The findings will be useful in hydraulic applications such as design of plunge pool of an impinging jet spillway, bottom outlet structures, pond water aeration systems, outlets of culverts and storm drainage pipes.
Antioxidant Responses are Crucial for Defense against Misfolded Human
Z-Type α1-Antitrypsin
Authors: Im Hana , Lim Jaeyeon 
Published: March 2022

Backgrounds:
The Z-type variant of human α1-antitrypsin is involved in liver cirrhosis
and pulmonary emphysema. Due to its slow folding characteristics, this variant accumulates folding
intermediates and forms protein aggregates within hepatocytes. Misfolded proteins may induce
oxidative stress and subsequent cell death.

Objective:
The potential application of antioxidant response signaling pathway and antioxidants to
cope with Z-type α1-antitrypsin-induced oxidative stress was evaluated.

Methods:
Overexpression of Z-type α1-antitrypsin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae provoked oxidative
stress and increased susceptibility to oxidative challenges such as hydrogen peroxide treatment.
Deletion of antioxidant-response genes, including yap1, skn7, sod2, tsa1, and pst2, exacerbated the
slow growth phenotype of Z-type α1-antitrypsin-expressing cells. Antioxidant treatment alleviated
oxidative stress and cytotoxicity induced by Z-type α1-antitrypsin.

Results:
Our results show that cellular antioxidant capacity is crucial to protection against
misfolded Z-type α1-antitrypsin.

Conclusion:
The information obtained here may be used to prevent oxidative stress caused by
misfolded proteins, which are associated with several degenerative diseases, including amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease.
Aceclofenac-Loaded Microspheres Prepared by Vesicular Ionotropic Gelation to
Minimize Drug-induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats
Authors: Yassin Heba A. , Ibrahim Mohamed A. , Abou-Taleb Heba A. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a potent analgesic. However, its
oral ingestion may cause gastrointestinal problems, including dyspepsia, abnormal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and ulcerative
colitis.

Objective:
This study aimed to prepare vesicular-based enteric microspheres containing aceclofenac by ionotropic
gelation technique to minimize gastric irritation in rats.

Methods:
The micron-size vesicles were prepared by the ionic-orifice gelation method. Three types of vesicularbased
microcapsules containing aceclofenac were prepared by employing sodium alginate as the coating material in
combination with Eudragit L100, Eudragit S100, and polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP K90. The drug to sodium alginate to
polymer ratios were 1:0.5:0.5, 1:1:1, and 1:1.5:1.5, respectively. Gelation of sodium alginate was induced by the
dropwise addition of calcium chloride solution (10 % w/v). Aceclofenac-loaded microspheres were evaluated in
terms of aceclofenac content and in vitro drug release, and FTIR, DSC, and XRD were used for physicochemical
evaluation of some selected formulae. The effects of microencapsulation on aceclofenac-induced ulcerative activity
in male Wistar rats were also investigated.

Results:
The results indicated no interaction between aceclofenac and microcapsules forming polymers. In addition,
microcapsules formulations M1, M4, and M7 gave maximal protection in acidic pH and optimal release in alkaline
pH. The histopathological studies revealed that the reduction of ulceration is evident from the macroscopic and microscopic
studies, which showed complete protection of the tissue morphology with no ulcers, indicating the effectiveness
of the microcapsules system against aceclofenac-induced gastric ulceration in rats again.

Conclusion:
Ionotropic gelation seems to be a simple, efficient technique to prepare aceclofenac-loaded microspheres
with a reduced risk of gastric ulceration. It is possible to overcome the problem of gastric damage while
utilizing aceclofenac by avoiding the exposure of the drug to the ulcer-prone area of the gastrointestinal tract.
Recent Progress in the Research on Benzimidazole PARP-1 Inhibitors
Authors: Cao Xuan , Wu Kaiyue , Chen Miaojia , Peng Xiaoyu , Li Yang , Tang Guotao , Peng Junmei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a multifunctional protein that plays an important role in DNA repair and genome integrity. PARP-1 inhibitors can be used as effective drugs not only to treat BRCA-1/2 deficient cancers because of the synthetic lethality effect but also to treat non- BRCA1/2 deficient tumours because of the effect of PARP capture. Therefore, PARP inhibitors have become a focus of compelling research. Among these inhibitors, substituted benzimidazole derivatives were mainly concerned as lead compounds. However, the commercially available benzimidazole PARP-1 inhibitors have some shortcomings, such as serious toxicity in combination with chemotherapy drugs and in vivo cardiovascular side effects such as anemia. Therefore it is crucial for scientists to explore more structure-activity relationships of the benzimidazole PARP-1 inhibitors and access safer and more effective PARP inhibitors. As the binding regions of PARP-1 and the substrates are usually characterized by NI site and AD site, the modification of benzimidazoles mainly occurs on the benzimidazole skeleton (NI site) and the side chain of benzimidazole in the 2-C position (AD site). Herein, the recent progress in the research on benzamides PARP inhibitors was introduced. We noticed that even though many efforts were made to the modification of NI sites, there was still a lack of optimistic and impressive results. However, the structure-activity relationships of the modification of AD sites have not been thoroughly discovered yet. We hope that enlightened by the previous research, more research on AD sites should be carried out, and more effective benzimidazole PARP-1 inhibitors could be designed, synthesized, and applied to clinics.
COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Pro-thrombotic Immune Thrombocytopenia
(VIPIT): State of the Art
Authors: Bassareo Pier Paolo , Calcaterra Giuseppe , De Gregorio Cesare , Barilla Francesco , Romeo Francesco , Mehta Jawahar L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
In 2020, as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
pandemic spread rapidly throughout the world, scientists worked relentlessly to develop and test
the safety and effectiveness of potential vaccines. Usually, the vaccine development process
involves years of investigation and testing prior to gaining approval for use in practice. A pathogenic
PF4-dependent syndrome, unrelated to the use of heparin therapy, may be manifested following
the administration of viral vector vaccines. It leads to severe clot formation at unusual sites approximately
in 1 out of 110.000 vaccinated persons. This side effect, although rare, represents a
newly devastating clotting phenomenon manifested in otherwise healthy young adults, who are often
female. An in-depth description of the specific biological mechanisms implicated in the syndrome
is here summarized.
Interdisciplinary Collaboration Opportunities, Challenges, and Solutions
for Artificial Intelligence in Ultrasound
Authors: Chen Zhiyi , Xia Qingrong , Du Meng , Li Bin , Hou Likang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Ultrasound is one of the most widely utilized imaging tools in clinical practice with the
advantages of noninvasive nature and ease of use. However, ultrasound examinations have low reproducibility
and considerable heterogeneity due to the variability of operators, scanners, and patients.
Artificial Intelligence (AI)-assisted ultrasound has advanced in recent years, bringing it closer to routine
clinical use. The combination of AI with ultrasound has opened up a world of possibilities for
increasing work productivity and precision diagnostics. In this article, we describe AI strategies in
ultrasound, from current opportunities, constraints to potential options for AI-assisted ultrasound.
The Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in Acute Neurological Disease: Focus on
Stroke
Authors: Saviano Angela , Gayani Gunawardena , Migneco Alessio , Candelli Marcello , Franceschi Francesco , Ojetti Veronica , Zanza Christian , Longhitano Yaroslava 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
The gut microbiota is one of the great innovations of modern medicine. In the modern microbiota revolution era, more comprehensive and in-depth studies have been performed regard-ing the microbial gut communities and their impact on acute and chronic diseases, including those of the nervous system as acute neurological diseases. The microbiota has changed our knowledge of medical conditions; in particular, considering stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic), literature studies, experimental and clinical researches indicate that the individual’s risk and outcomes are substantially impacted by the gut microbiota. The aim of our review article is to investigate and discuss the recent insights into the emerging role of this complex “gut microbiota-brain axis” in af-fecting some acute neurological diseases, such as stroke, responsible for a significant number of deaths worldwide.
We performed electronic research on PubMed® and collected articles published in the last ten years, finding that changes in the gut microbiota composition could affect various aspects of stroke pathophysiology and individual predisposition, risk, and outcomes. Our review article suggests that there is a strong connection between the gut microbiota and the brain, both in health and in acute neurological diseases such as stroke. Investigating and exploring this relationship can be a chal-lenge useful to learn more about this disabling/deadly condition, and it can be a useful tool to iden-tify novel potential therapeutic approaches, improving an individual’s outcomes and life.
Daidzein and Chicory Extract Arrest the Cell Cycle via Inhibition of
Cyclin D/CDK4 and Cyclin A/CDK2 Gene Expression in Hepatocellular
Carcinoma
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Nabil M. , Zakaria Sherin , Nawaya Reem A. , Eldomany Ramadan A. , El-Shishtawy Mamdouh M. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers, asso-ciated with a high rate of mortality. A disturbance between cell proliferation and cell death is one of the cancer hallmarks including HCC. Cell proliferation is mainly controlled by the cell cycle. The arrest of the cell cycle is one of the important targets of anticancer agents.

Objectives:
The present study tries to clarify the exact role of some natural products such as daidzein (DAZ) and alcoholic chicory leaf extract (CE), as possible regulators of cell cycle and apoptosis.

Methods:
HCC in rats was induced using diethylnitrosamine (DENA). Ninety rats were allocated and divided equally into nine groups, treated with CE, DAZ, a combination of both, and sorafenib with non-treated control groups.

Results:
Treatment with CE, DAZ, and their combination significantly downregulated hepatic tissue expression of cyclin D1/CDK4 axis as well as cyclin A/CDK2 axis. The suggested therapeutic pro-tocol inhibited the proliferation and dampened Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, the efficiency of com-bining CE and DAZ demonstrated a potency comparable to sorafenib in terms of cyclin D/CDK4 axis expression, as well as; this combination protocol was more potent in revealing a potentiated inhibitory effect on cyclin A and Ki-67 expression.

Conclusion:
Treatment with DAZ or CE alone, or in combination, could possess an inhibitory effect on hepatocarcinogenesis via cell cycle arrest, inhibition of proliferation through suppression of Ki-67 expression, and apoptosis induction, mediated by downregulation of Bcl-2.
Advances in the Novel Nanotechnology for Targeted Tumor Therapy by Transdermal
Drug Delivery
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Jiang Guan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Despite modern medicine advances greatly, cancer remains a serious challenge to world health for which
effective methods of treatment have hardly been developed yet. However, throughout recent years, rapid-developing
nanotechnology has provided a new outlook on cancer therapy by transdermal drug delivery. By disrupting the stratum
corneum, drugs are delivered through the skin and navigated to the tumor site by drug delivery systems such as nanogels,
microneedles, etc. The superiorities include the improvement of drug pharmacokinetics as well as reduced side
effects. This paper reviews the reported novel development of transdermal drug delivery systems for targeted cancer
therapy. Advanced techniques for penetrating the skin will be discussed as well.