bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Collagen‐Tripeptide and Galacto‐oligosaccharide Mixture on Skin Photoaging Inhibition in UVB‐exposed Hairless Mice
Authors: Han Kisoo , Hong Ki‐Bae , Ahn Yejin , Jo Kyungae , Jung Jewon , Suh Hyung Joo 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTCollagen‐tripeptide (CTP) and galacto‐oligosaccharide (GOS), which improve collagen homeostasis and barrier function in the skin, are widely used in the food industry to improve wrinkle‐related parameters and skin health. In this study, the photoprotective effect of CTP/GOS mixtures (3:1, 1:1, and 1:3) in ultraviolet (UV) B‐irradiated hairless mice was examined. Skin parameter analysis, histological approaches, molecular biology techniques and HPLC analysis were applied to investigate the photoaging protective effect, signaling pathways and changes in the microbiota. Oral administration of CTP/GOS mixtures ameliorated photoaged physical parameters and serum levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines compared to UV‐irradiated control group. Administration of the 1:3 mixture showed significant changes in the extracellular matrix‐related gene expression compared to other mixture groups. The cecal short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) content showed a significant increase in the CTP/GOS mixed group with a higher GOS content than the control group. In the 16S rRNA‐based analysis of cecal microbiota, the relative abundance ratio of the Akkermansia genus belonging to the Verrucomicrobia phylum was higher in CTP and GOS mixture‐administered groups than in the UV‐irradiated control group. Taken together, CTP/GOS mixtures showed a synergistic effect on photoprotective activity through changes in the gene expression, cytokine levels and intestinal microbiota composition.
Effects of aerobic versus cognitively demanding exercise interventions on brain structure and function in healthy children—Results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Meijer Anna , Königs Marsh , Pouwels Petra J. W. , Smith Joanne , Visscher Chris , Bosker Roel J. , Hartman Esther , Oosterlaan Jaap 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe beneficial effects of physical activity on neurocognitive functioning in children are considered to be facilitated by physical activity‐induced changes in brain structure and functioning. In this study, we examined the effects of two 14‐week school‐based exercise interventions in healthy children on white matter microstructure and brain activity in resting‐state networks (RSNs) and whether changes in white matter microstructure and RSN activity mediate the effects of the exercise interventions on neurocognitive functioning. A total of 93 children were included in this study (51% girls, mean age 9.13 years). The exercise interventions consisted of four physical education lessons per week, focusing on either aerobic or cognitively demanding exercise and were compared with a control group that followed their regular physical education program of two lessons per week. White matter microstructure was assessed using diffusion tensor imaging in combination with tract‐based spatial statistics. Independent component analysis was performed on resting‐state data to identify RSNs. Furthermore, neurocognitive functioning (information processing and attention, working memory, motor response inhibition, interference control) was assessed by a set of computerized tasks. Results indicated no Group × Time effects on white matter microstructure or RSN activity, indicating no effects of the exercise interventions on these aspects of brain structure and function. Likewise, no Group × Time effects were found for neurocognitive performance. This study indicated that 14‐week school‐based interventions regarding neither aerobic exercise nor cognitive‐demanding exercise interventions influence brain structure and brain function in healthy children. This study was registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR5341).
Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and personal emotional salience: Choose your tasks carefully
Authors: Bourassa Kyle J. , Sbarra David A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBoth greater cardiovascular reactivity and lesser reactivity (“blunting”) to laboratory stressors are linked to poor health outcomes, including among people who have a history of traumatic experiences. In a sample of recently separated and divorced adults (N = 96), this study examined whether differences in cardiovascular reactivity might be explained by differences in the personal emotional salience of the tasks and trauma history. Participants were assessed for trauma history, current distress related to their marital dissolution, and cardiovascular reactivity during two tasks, a serial subtraction math stressor task and a divorce‐recall task. Participants with a greater trauma history evidenced less blood pressure reactivity to the serial subtraction task (a low personal emotional salience task) when compared to participants with less trauma history. In contrast, participants with a greater trauma history evidenced higher blood pressure reactivity to the divorce‐recall task, but only if they also reported more divorce‐related distress (high personal emotional salience). These associations were not significant for heart rate reactivity. Among people with a history of more traumatic experiences, a task with low personal salience was associated with a lower blood pressure response, whereas a task with higher personal emotional salience was associated with a higher blood pressure response. Future studies examining cardiovascular reactivity would benefit from determining the personal emotional salience of tasks, particularly for groups that have experienced stressful life events or trauma.
Hemodiafiltration (HDF) versus expanded hemodialysis (HDx)
Authors: Maduell Francisco , Broseta José Jesús 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMedium cutoff (MCO) membranes have resulted in a novel dialyzer class designed to improve membrane permeability and have been postulated as an alternative to online hemodiafiltration since MCO membranes may achieve similar solute clearances. These membranes have been incorporated into clinical practice, and the term expanded HD (HDx) has been proposed to differentiate from high‐flux hemodialysis. Efficacy, safety, and quality of life comparison of HDF versus HDx have been reviewed in this article.
Deployment Dynamics of Miura Origami Sheets
Authors: Xia Yutong , Kidambi Narayanan , Filipov Evgueni , Wang K. W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOrigami has great potential for creating deployable structures, however, most studies have focused on their static or kinematic features, while the complex and yet important dynamic behaviors of the origami deployment process have remained largely unexplored. In this research, we construct a dynamic model of a Miura origami sheet that captures the combined panel inertial and flexibility effects, which are otherwise ignored in rigid folding kinematic models but are critical in describing the dynamics of origami deployment. Results show that by considering these effects, the dynamic deployment behavior would substantially deviate from a nominal kinematic unfolding path. Additionally, the pattern geometries influence the effective structural stiffness, and it is shown that subtle changes can result in qualitatively different dynamic deployment behaviors. These differences are due to the multistability of the Miura origami sheet, where the structure may snap between its stable equilibria during the transient deployment process. Lastly, we show that varying the deployment rate can affect the dynamic deployment configuration. These observations are original and these phenomena have not and cannot be derived using traditional approaches. The tools and outcomes developed from this research enable a deeper understanding of the physics behind origami deployment that will pave the way for better designs of origami-based deployable structures, as well as extend our fundamental knowledge and expand our comfort zone beyond current practice.
Late Mesozoic intracontinental deformation and magmatism in the Chinese Tianshan and adjacent areas, Central Asia
Authors: Wang Fujun , Luo Meng , He Zhiyuan , Ge Rongfeng , Cao Yuanyuan , Grave Johan De , Zhu Wenbin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Tianshan Range–Junggar Basin– Kalamaili Range system represents the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt and is a natural laboratory for studying intracontinental deformation processes. Its current topography is a product of the farfield effects of the Cenozoic India-Asia collision. However, the Mesozoic topographic and tectonic evolution of the Tianshan and Kalamaili Ranges and their impacts on the Junggar Basin remain enigmatic due to the scarcity of data. Here, we present a comprehensive synthesis of sedimentological and geochronological data on these ranges and adjacent basins to reconstruct the intracontinental evolution from the Early Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. Based on field observations and seismic profile analysis, we identified several unconformities within the late Mesozoic strata in the Tianshan Range and the Junggar Basin. Detrital zircon U-Pb dating results for Lower Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous sandstones of the eastern and southern Junggar Basin, with published paleocurrent data, reveal a complex intracontinental topographic evolution. Moreover, tuffaceous gravels and tuff samples yielded weighted mean zircon 206Pb/238U ages of 156.5 ± 3.2 Ma and 156.3 ± 2.2 Ma, respectively, which indicates the presence of contemporary magmatic activity. The deformation and magmatism mentioned above were possibly related to multi-plate convergence in East Asia during the late Mesozoic. This study provides new insights into the late Mesozoic tectonic-magmatic evolution of the Tianshan Range and its adjacent areas.
To call or not to call: exploring the validity of telephone interviews to derive maternal self-reports of experiences with facility childbirth care in northern Nigeria
Authors: Umar Nasir , Schellenberg Joanna , Hill Zelee , Bhattacharya Antoinette Alas , Muzigaba Moise , Tunçalp Özge , Sambo Nuraddeen Umar , Shuaibu Abdulrahman , Marchant Tanya 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundTo institutionalise respectful maternity care, frequent data on the experience of childbirth care is needed by health facility staff and managers. Telephone interviews have been proposed as a low-cost alternative to derive timely and actionable maternal self-reports of experience of care. However, evidence on the validity of telephone interviews for this purpose is limited.MethodsEight indicators of positive maternity care experience and 18 indicators of negative maternity care experience were investigated. We compared the responses from exit interviews with women about their childbirth care experience (reference standard) to follow-up telephone interviews with the same women 14 months after childbirth. We calculated individual-level validity metrics including, agreement, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We compared the characteristics of women included in the telephone follow-up interviews to those from the exit interviews.ResultsDemographic characteristics were similar between the original exit interview group (n=388) and those subsequently reached for telephone interview (n=294). Seven of the eight positive maternity care experience indicators had reported prevalence higher than 50% at both exit and telephone interviews. For these indicators, agreement between the exit and the telephone interviews ranged between 50% and 92%; seven positive indicators met the criteria for validation analysis, but all had an AUC below 0.6. Reported prevalence for 15 of the 18 negative maternity care experience indicators was lower than 5% at exit and telephone interviews. For these 15 indicators, agreement between exit and telephone interview was high at over 80%. Just three negative indicators met the criteria for validation analysis, and all had an AUC below 0.6.ConclusionsThe telephone interviews conducted 14 months after childbirth did not yield results that were consistent with exit interviews conducted at the time of facility discharge. Women’s reports of experience of childbirth care may be influenced by the location of reporting or changes in the recall of experiences of care over time.
Why do people take part in atrial fibrillation screening? Qualitative interview study in English primary care
Authors: Hoare Sarah , Powell Alison , Modi Rakesh Narendra , Armstrong Natalie , Griffin Simon J , Mant Jonathan , Burt Jenni 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesThere is insufficient evidence to support national screening programmes for atrial fibrillation (AF). Nevertheless, some practitioners, policy-makers and special interest groups have encouraged introduction of opportunistic screening in primary care in order to reduce the incidence of stroke through earlier detection and treatment of AF. The attitudes of the public towards AF screening are unknown. We aimed to explore why AF screening participants took part in the screening.DesignSemistructured longitudinal interview study of participant engagement in the SAFER study (Screening for Atrial Fibrillation with ECG to Reduce stroke). We undertook initial interviews face to face, with up to two follow-up telephone interviews during the screening process. We thematically analysed and synthesised these data to understand shared views of screening participation.Setting5 primary care practices in the East of England, UK.Participants23 people taking part in the SAFER study first feasibility phase.ResultsParticipants were supportive of screening for AF, explaining their participation in screening as a ‘good thing to do’. Participants suggested screening could facilitate earlier diagnosis, more effective treatment, and a better future outcome, despite most being unfamiliar with AF. Participating in AF screening helped attenuate participants’ concerns about stroke and demonstrated their commitment to self-care and being a ‘good patient’. Participants felt that the screening test was non-invasive, and they were unlikely to have AF; they therefore considered engaging in AF screening was low risk, with few perceived harms.ConclusionsParticipants assessed the SAFER AF screening programme to be a legitimate, relevant and safe screening opportunity, and complied obediently with what they perceived to be a recommendation to take part. Their unreserved acceptance of screening benefit and lack of awareness of potential harms suggests that uptake would be high but reinforces the importance of ensuring participants receive balanced information about AF screening initiatives.Trial registration numberISRCTN16939438; Pre-results.
Infection-related and lifestyle-related cancer burden in Kampala, Uganda: projection of the future cancer incidence up to 2030
Authors: Asasira Judith , Lee Sanghee , Tran Thi Xuan Mai , Mpamani Collins , Wabinga Henry , Jung So-Youn , Chang Yoon Jung , Park Yikyung , Cho Hyunsoon 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesIn Uganda, infection-related cancers have made the greatest contribution to cancer burden in the past; however, burden from lifestyle-related cancers has increased recently. Using the Kampala Cancer Registry data, we projected incidence of top five cancers, namely, Kaposi sarcoma (KS), cervical, breast and prostate cancer, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in Uganda.DesignTrend analysis of cancer registry data.SettingKampala Cancer Registry, Uganda.Main outcome measureCancer incidence data from 2001 to 2015 were used and projected to 2030. Population data were obtained from the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Age-standardised incidence rates (ASRs) and their trends over the observed and projected period were calculated. Percentage change in cancer incidence was calculated to determine whether cancer incidence changes were attributable to cancer risk changes or population changes.ResultsIt was projected that the incidence rates of KS and NHL continue to decrease by 22.6% and 37.3%, respectively. The ASR of KS was expected to decline from 29.6 per 100 000 population to 10.4, while ASR of NHL was expected to decrease from 7.6 to 3.2. In contrast, cervical, breast and prostate cancer incidence were projected to increase by 35.3%, 57.7% and 33.4%, respectively. The ASRs of cervical and breast were projected to increase up to 66.1 and 48.4 per 100 000 women. The ASR of prostate cancer was estimated to increase from 41.6 to 60.5 per 100 000 men. These changes were due to changes in risk factors and population growth.ConclusionOur results suggest a rapid shift in the profile of common cancers in Uganda, reflecting a new trend emerging in low/middle-income countries. This change in cancer spectrum, from infection-related to lifestyle-related, yields another challenge to cancer control programmes in resource-limited countries. Forthcoming cancer control programmes should include a substantial focus on lifestyle-related cancers, while infectious disease control programmes should be maintained.
Qualitative analysis of topical corticosteroid concerns, topical steroid addiction and withdrawal in dermatological patients
Authors: Tan Sean , Phan Phillip , Law Je Yin , Choi Ellie , Chandran Nisha Suyien 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the phenomenon of topical corticosteroid (TCS) phobia and comprehensively understand the factors driving TCS concerns, in particular pertaining to steroid addiction and withdrawal.DesignProspective qualitative study using 1:1 in-depth semistructured interviews and analysed using grounded theory.ParticipantsPatients with a prior experience of TCS use for a dermatological condition recruited from a tertiary academic dermatology clinic, or through word of mouth and online social media platforms.Results26 participants encompassing those with positive, neutral and negative opinions towards TCS were interviewed. 13 reported having topical steroid addiction or withdrawal. The drivers of TCS concerns could be categorised into seven themes: attitudes towards TCS (comprising beliefs and knowledge about TCS), availability of alternatives, treatment inconvenience, personality, patient’s ongoing evaluation of clinical response to TCS, doctor–patient relationship and healthcare-seeking behaviour. Of mention, patients placed high value and trust on their own experiences with TCS, such as their perceived experienced side effects. The doctor who failed to acknowledge the patient’s opinions and instead emphasised the safety of TCS was often viewed as dismissive, resulting in a deteriorating patient–doctor relationship.ConclusionProvision of knowledge and education is important but may be ineffective if the basis for TCS concern regarding safety is reasonable, or when the patient has a firmly established belief supporting his/her concern. In such instances, failure to acknowledge and respect the patient’s decision to avoid TCS could worsen the doctor–patient relationship.
The European MAPPYACTS Trial: Precision Medicine Program in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients with Recurrent Malignancies
Authors: Berlanga Pablo , Pierron Gaelle , Lacroix Ludovic , Chicard Mathieu , Adam de Beaumais Tiphaine , Marchais Antonin , Harttrampf Anne C. , Iddir Yasmine , Larive Alicia , Soriano Fernandez Aroa , Hezam Imene , Chevassus Cecile , Bernard Virginie , Cotteret Sophie , Scoazec Jean-Yves , Gauthier Arnaud , Abbou Samuel , Corradini Nadege , André Nicolas , Aerts Isabelle , Thebaud Estelle , Casanova Michela , Owens Cormac , Hladun-Alvaro Raquel , Michiels Stefan , Delattre Olivier , Vassal Gilles , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Geoerger Birgit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
MAPPYACTS (NCT02613962) is an international prospective precision medicine trial aiming to define tumor molecular profiles in pediatric patients with recurrent/refractory malignancies in order to suggest the most adapted salvage treatment. From February 2016 to July 2020, 787 patients were included in France, Italy, Ireland, and Spain. At least one genetic alteration leading to a targeted treatment suggestion was identified in 436 patients (69%) with successful sequencing; 10% of these alterations were considered “ready for routine use.” Of 356 patients with follow-up beyond 12 months, 107 (30%) received one or more matched targeted therapies—56% of them within early clinical trials—mainly in the AcSé-ESMART platform trial (NCT02813135). Overall, matched treatment resulted in a 17% objective response rate, and of those patients with ready for routine use alterations, it was 38%. In patients with extracerebral tumors, 76% of actionable alterations detected in tumor tissue were also identified in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA).

Significance:
MAPPYACTS underlines the feasibility of molecular profiling at cancer recurrence in children on a multicenter, international level and demonstrates benefit for patients with selected key drivers. The use of cfDNA deserves validation in prospective studies. Our study highlights the need for innovative therapeutic proof-of-concept trials that address the underlying cancer complexity.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1171
O contributo de Luís de Lima para a cena brasileira moderna
Authors: Rodrigues Márcia Regina 
Published: March 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo evidenciar o contributo de Luís de Lima (1925-2002) para o desenvolvimento do teatro moderno no Brasil, nomeadamente o seu papel de primeiro tradutor e encenador das peças de Eugène Ionesco, considerando os dados acerca das condições e meios pelos quais se deram as suas traduções para as encenações e no âmbito teórico a abordagem da tradução teatral ao nível da encenação proposta por Patrice Pavis (2008).
Palavras-chave: Teatro moderno, Tradução teatral, Luís de Lima.
Anomalous pigmentation in American primates: review and first record of a leucistic black howler monkey in southeast Mexico
Authors: Ramos-Luna Jorge , Alvarez-Velazquez María Fernanda , Chapman Colin A. , Serio-Silva Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Leucism is an aberration of color that occurs in individuals as a consequence of genetic mutations. Along with albinism and piebaldism, leucism is one of the most commonly reported types of chromatic anomalies in mammals, however, detailed descriptions of such conditions are rare. We report the first record of a leucistic black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra) in southern Mexico, an apparently healthy individual who was the male of a typical black howler group. Additionally, we compiled records of anomalous pigmentation in American primates published in peer-reviewed journals between 1960 and 2021, as well as social media posts regarding casual observations of individuals with such conditions. We found 11 scientific articles which described 13 records of anomalous pigmentation in a total of 44 individuals, from five species, three subspecies and one hybrid. Leucism was the most widely reported condition with six records. We discovered 19 online posts of 20 individuals with anomalous pigmentation, which included two species not reported in scientific literature. Our results suggest that anomalous coloration is not a significant threat to survival, but its occurrence raises interesting, and possibly alarming, questions about the causes of such conditions. We encourage researchers and civil society to formally report such observations of animals with color aberrations, to expand upon the understanding of this phenomenon and to get involved in the conservation of tropical forests.