bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of Metabolomics in assessing global compositional changes resulting from the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technologies
Authors: Drapal Margit , Enfissi Eugenia M. A. , Almeida Juliana , Rapacz Elzbieta , Nogueira Marilise , Fraser Paul D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Exhaustive analysis of genetically modified crops over multiple decades has increased societal confidence in the technology. New Plant Breeding Techniques are now emerging with improved precision and the ability to generate products containing no foreign DNA and mimic/replicate conventionally bred varieties. In the present study, metabolomic analysis was used to compare (i) tobacco genotypes with and without the CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9), (ii) tobacco lines with the edited and non-edited DE-ETIOLATED-1 gene but no phenotype and (iii) leaf and fruit tissue from stable non-edited tomato progeny with and without the Cas9. In all cases multivariate analysis using LC-HRMS/MS and GC-MS indicated no significant difference in their metabolomes. The variations in metabolome composition that were evident could be associated with the processes of tissue culture regeneration and/or transformation (e.g. interaction with Agrobacterium). Metabolites responsible for the variance included quantitative changes of abundant, well characterised metabolites such as phenolics (e.g. chlorogenic acid) and several common sugars such as fructose. This study provides fundamental data on the characterisation of gene edited crops, that are important for the evaluation of the technology and its assessment. The approach also suggests that metabolomics could contribute to routine product-based analysis of crops/foods generated from New Plant Breeding approaches.
Vernacular names of traditional rice varieties reveal the unique history of Maroons in Suriname and French Guiana
Authors: Pinas Nicholaas Milliano , Andel Tinde van , de Loosdrecht Marieke van , Maat Harro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Rice is a keystone crop in all Maroon communities in Suriname and French Guyana today. Historically, rice can be considered an indicator crop for successful marronage in the Guianas. Maroons cultivate hundreds of traditional varieties, unraveling variety names revealed the history, farming systems, spiritual significance and probably the diversity of rice in Maroon communities. We interviewed 67 rice farmers (96% female), collected over 400 rice specimens and built a database with 284 unique rice names from our own fieldwork and previously collected names. The process of naming a rice variety is complex but there are recurrent patterns among the five Maroon groups we studied. We categorized names referring to morphology, agronomy, animals, humans, and rice brought from specific regions or by other ethnicities. Very few names are shared between Maroon groups. When we showed farmers six rice varieties from outside their village, all recognized African rice(Oryza glaberrima) andpende(spottedO. sativa). When a variety was unknown, an initial name was given based on its morphology. Maroon rice names are truly unique as they reflect the varieties that were available, the history of plantations and marronage, climate aspects that influenced the selection of farmers, the many separate groups of runaways joining the Maroons, the adaptation to the Amazonian ecosystem, and their contacts with outsiders. Our results show that unravelling Maroon rice names leads to a better understanding of the close connection between the process of marronage, locally developed agricultural practices and connections to West Africa. These historical origins continue to exist and form a unique Maroon system of variety exchange, farm management and crop diversity.
Impact of Lockdown and Government Subsidies on Rural Households at Early COVID-19 Pandemic in China
Authors: Li Nan , Chen Muzi , Gao Haoyu , Huang Difang , Yang Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Given the scarcity of data during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China, the decision-making for non-pharmaceutical policies was mostly based on insufficient evidence. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of these policies, such as lockdown and government subsidies on rural households, and identify policy implications for China and other countries in dealing with pandemics.
Design/methodology/approach
We survey 2,408 rural households by telephone from 101 counties across 17 provinces in China during the first stage of the pandemic (March 2020). We use the ordered probit model and linear regression model to study the overall impact of policies and then use the quantile regression model and sub-sample regression method to study the heterogeneity of the effects of government policies.
Findings
We find that logistics disruption due to lockdown negatively affected rural households. Obstructed logistics is associated with a more significant loss for high-income households, while its impact on the loss expectation of low-income households is more severe. Breeding and other industries such as transport and sales suffer more from logistics than cultivation. The impact of logistics on intensive agricultural entities is more serious than that on professional farms. The government subsidy is more effective at reducing loss for low-income households. Lockdown and government subsidies have shown heterogeneous impacts on rural households.
Practical implications
The overall economic losses experienced by rural households in the early stages of the pandemic are controllable. The government policies of logistics and subsidies should target specific groups.
Originality/value
We evaluate the economic impacts of lockdown and government subsidies on rural households and show their heterogeneity among different groups. We further demonstrate the policy effectiveness in supporting rural households during the early stages of the pandemic and provide future policy guidance on major public health event.
JEL Code: D90, G21, I18, O16
Biological responses of Chironomus sancticaroli to exposure to naturally aged PP microplastics under realistic concentrations
Authors: Rani-Borges Bárbara , Queiroz Lucas Gonçalves , Prado Caio César Achiles , Moraes Beatriz Rocha , Ando Rômulo Augusto , Paiva Teresa Cristina Brazil , Pompêo Marcelo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Microplastic (MP) is yet another form of chronic anthropogenic contribution to the environment. MP are plastic particles (< 5 mm) that have been widely found in the most diverse natural environments, but their real impacts on ecosystems are still under investigation. Here, we studied the toxicity of naturally aged secondary polypropylene (PP) MP after constant exposure to ultraviolet radiation (26 µm) to larvae of Chironomus sancticaroli, a dipteran species. The concentrations tested were 13.5; 67.5; and 135 items.g-1 of dry sediment. C. sancticaroli organisms were investigated for fragment ingestion, mortality and changes in enzymatic biomarkers after 144 hours of exposure. The organisms were able to ingest MP from the first 48 hours, and the amount of items internalized was dose-dependent and time-dependent. Overall, the results show that mortality was low, being significant at the lowest and highest concentrations (13.5 and 135 items.g-1). Regarding changes in enzyme markers, after 144 hours MDA and CAT activities were both significantly altered (increased and reduced, respectively), while SOD and GST levels were unchanged. In the present study, naturally aged polypropylene MP induced biochemical toxicity in C. sancticaroli larvae, with toxicity being higher according to exposure time and particle concentration.
Levels and relationships of Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, and Severity of Dependence among tribals with alcohol use disorder among tribals in East India: A preliminary study
Authors: Ram Dushad , Joseph Bincy , Mushtaq Neha Farheen , Gopegowda Shivaramu Maragowdanahalli , Mathew Akash 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: The research aimed to investigate the levels and relationships of Mindfulness, Distress Tolerance, and Dependence Severity among tribal individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Methods: Two hundred tribals with alcohol use disorder were recruited at three tertiary health care centre in three districts and assessed with the Sociodemographic and clinical proforma, Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMSR), The Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS).
Results: The mean score on the SDS, CAMSR, and DTS was 4.99, 23.52, and 33.44, respectively. There were no statistically significant relationships between the measure of mindfulness scores and dependence severity scores. However, the perceived capacity to endure emotional suffering and negative emotions consuming one's focus was significantly inversely linked to the severity of dependence.
Conclusion: There appear to be lower levels of distress tolerance and mindfulness among tribals with alcohol use disorder. The severity of alcohol use has no significant link with mindfulness but has inversely linked with emotional distress tolerance and attention absorption by negative emotions.
Determination of soil moisture sensor locations for dynamic variable rate irrigation management with a centre pivot system
Authors: Zhang Minne , Zhu Changxin , Zhao Weixia , Li Jiusheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

A network of soil moisture sensors is an effective tool for dynamic variable rate irrigation (VRI) management, which helps to determine the irrigation time in real time, thus solving the difficulty in dynamic monitoring of soil water content for remote sensing technology. To improve the decision accuracy of VRI management, this study optimized the placement of soil moisture sensors by analysing the variation in soil water content along the vertical profile and its temporal stability in the horizontal direction. The experimental site was located in the semiarid region of the North China Plain. The 7.07 ha experimental plot was controlled by a three-span centre pivot irrigation system with a zone controlled VRI system. Two treatments of uniform rate irrigation (URI) management and dynamic VRI management based on infrared thermometers mounted on the sprinkler irrigation system were set with equal areas. The number of Trime access-tubes placed in each treatment was 27 in 2021 and 13 in 2022. Measurements of soil water content were taken in 0.2 m increments with a depth of 1 m every 7–10 days. The results demonstrated that the similarity in the spatial distribution pattern of the soil water content in the VRI treatment was greater than that in the URI treatment, and their difference reached a significant level in the 2022 season of winter wheat. Significant linear regressions were detected between the mean clay percentile in each soil layer and the clay percentile representing the mean soil water content sites with a determination coefficient greater than 0.85. In the vertical profile, both the average soil water content at depths of 0–60 cm and 0–80 cm could be represented well by the soil water content at the 20–40 cm layer. These results demonstrated that during dynamic VRI management, soil moisture sensors could be placed at the 20–40 cm soil layer, and their locations in the horizontal direction could be selected according to the clay content distribution.
Painlev\'{e} integrability, B\"{a}cklund transformations and Wronskian solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional combined potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in fluid mechanics and plasma physics
Authors: Cheng Chong-Dong , Tian Bo , Zhou Tian-Yu , Shen Yuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a (2+1)-dimensional combined potential Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-B-type Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in fluid mechanics and plasma physics.Painlevé integrability is confirmed under certain coefficient constraint. Using the truncated Painlevé expansion, two auto-Bäcklund transformations with the kink-soliton solutions are derived. Based on the Wronskian technique, two cases of the Nth-order Wronskian solutions are constructed and proved, where N is a positive integer. One-, two-, and three-soliton solutions in the Wronskian are given.
Heterogeneous-training: A Semi-supervised Text Classification Method
Authors: Shen Yuhao , Xu Xinlan , Li Bo , Luo Bing , Hao Fei , Zhang Chao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Using text classifiers, we can structure all manner of relevant text automatically, from emails, social media, surveys, legal documents, and more in a fast and cost-effective way. In this paper, a semi-supervised ensemble learning algorithm Heterogeneous-training is proposed and applied to the field of text classification. Based on the Tri-training algorithm, the Heterogeneous-training algorithm improves the traditional Tri-training algorithm by using different classifiers, dynamically updating the probability threshold and adaptively editing data. The experiments show that our method always outperforms Tri-training algorithm in text classification on benchmark text data sets.
Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Rwanda: An analysis of the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey of 2020
Authors: Nuwabaine Lilian , Kawuki Joseph , Kamoga Livingstone , Asiimwe John Baptist , Sserwanja Quraish , Gatasi Ghislaine , Donkor Elorm , Mutisya Linet M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns, as well as their families. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of anaemia and the associated factors among pregnant women in Rwanda.
Methods: Secondary data were from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS). Multistage stratified sampling was used to select 435 pregnant women included in the study. Anaemia among pregnant women was considered as a haemoglobin value <11 g/dL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors with anaemia in pregnancy, using SPSS (version 25).
Results: Of the 435 pregnant women, 24.6%, (95%CI: 21.1-29.3) were anaemic. Not working (AOR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.08-3.33), being unmarried (AOR=1.23, 95%CI: 1.24-3.57), low wealth index (AOR=2.94, 95%CI: 1.19-7.30), second pregnancy trimester (AOR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.16-4.00), having big problems with distance to a nearby health facility (AOR= 2.34, 95%CI: 1.21-4.54), and normal body mass index (AOR=3.02, 95%CI: 1.63-5.60) were associated with higher odds of being anaemic. Having no health insurance (AOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.91), being from the southern region (AOR=0.23, 95%CI: 0.08-0.68), and low husband/partner's education (AOR=0.24,95%CI: 0.06-0.97) were, however, associated with lower odds of being anaemic.
Conclusions: Study findings indicate a high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy, which was associated with several socio-demographics. There is a need for setting up mobile clinics and health facilities in hard-to-reach areas for easy accessibility to early anaemia screening services. Conducting mass screening for anaemia targeting pregnant women who are not working, the unmarried, those with a low wealth index, and those in their second pregnancy trimester would also be beneficial.
Individual bat viromes reveal the co-infection, spillover and emergence risk of potential zoonotic viruses
Authors: Wang Jing , Pan Yuanfei , Yang Li-fen , Yang Wei-hong , Luo Chuming , Wang Juan , Kuang Guo-peng , Wu Weichen , Gou Qin-yu , Xin Gen-yang , Li Bo , Luo Huanle , chen Yao-Qing , Shu Yuelong , Guo Deyin , Gao Zihou , Liang Guodong , Li Jun , Holmes Edward , Feng Yun , Shi Mang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bats are reservoir hosts for many zoonotic viruses. Despite this, relatively little is known about the diversity and abundance of viruses within bats at the level of individual animals, and hence the frequency of virus co-infection and inter-species transmission. Using an unbiased meta-transcriptomics approach we characterised the mammalian associated viruses present in 149 individual bats sampled from Yunnan province, China. This revealed a high frequency of virus co-infection and species spillover among the animals studied, with 12 viruses shared among different bat species, which in turn facilitates virus recombination and reassortment. Of note, we identified five viral species that are likely to be pathogenic to humans or livestock, including a novel recombinant SARS-like coronavirus that is closely related to both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, with only five amino acid differences between its receptor-binding domain sequence and that of the earliest sequences of SARS-CoV-2. Functional analysis predicts that this recombinant coronavirus can utilize the human ACE2 receptor such that it is likely to be of high zoonotic risk. Our study highlights the common occurrence of inter-species transmission and co-infection of bat viruses, as well as their implications for virus emergence.
Oral health related quality of life of oral cancer patients treated with radiotherapy alone or with chemotherapy in a tertiary referral centre in Sri Lanka
Authors: Kosgallana Shamini , Jayasekara Prasanna , Abeysinghe Prasad , Lalloo Ratilal 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Oral cancer is the number one cancer in males in Sri Lanka. Radiotherapy is a common treatment modality for oral cancer, but this can affect oral health related quality of life (OHRQOL). This study assessed the OHRQOL and its changes from baseline to the last week of radiotherapy and three months post radiotherapy among oral cancer patients who received this treatment alone or with chemotherapy.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted among 90 oral cancer patients waiting for radiotherapy alone or with chemotherapy. The modified Sinhala version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Oral Health Module (EORTC QLQ-OH15) was used to gather data related to OHRQOL before radiotherapy, during the last week of radiotherapy and three months after completion of radiotherapy. Socio-demographic and clinical data were also recorded.
Results
The majority of the sample (88%) were males. The anterior two-thirds of the tongue (40%) and buccal mucosa (22%) were the most common sites of oral cancer. The median scores of ‘Eating problem’ domain at baseline, last week of radiotherapy and three months after radiotherapy were 20 (IQR = 6.7–33.3), 100 (IQR = 86.9–100.0) and 66.7 (IQR = 46.7–93.3) respectively. ‘Gum and speech problem’ was higher during last week of radiotherapy (median, 50.0, IQR, 25.0-58.3) than three months post radiotherapy (median, 8.3, IQR, 0.0-33.3). The changes in the ‘Eating problem’, ‘Gum and speech problem’ and ‘Soreness’ domains and the item ‘Teeth’ between the time frames were statistically significant.
Conclusion
The OHRQOL of oral cancer patients who received radiotherapy alone or with chemotherapy had deteriorated from the baseline level to the last week of radiotherapy but then improved at three months post radiotherapy. The OHRQOL however did not return to the baseline level three months post RT.
Host-Cell Surface Binding Targets in SARS-CoV-2 for Drug Design
Authors: Tabatabai Sayyed Abbas , Maleksabet Hanieh , Rezaee Elham 
Published: November 2022

Abstracts:
The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became a major public health threat to all countries worldwide.
SARS-CoV-2 interactions with its receptor are the first step in the invasion of the host cell. The coronavirus
spike protein (S) is crucial in binding to receptors on host cells. Additionally, targeting the SARS-CoV-2 viral
receptors is considered a therapeutic option in this regard. In this review of literature, we summarized five potential
host cell receptors, as host-cell surface bindings, including angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2),
neuropilin 1 (NRP-1), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), glucose regulated protein-78 (GRP78), and cluster of differentiation
147 (CD147) related to the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these targets, ACE2 was recognized as
the main SARS-CoV-2 receptor, expressed at a low/moderate level in the human respiratory system, which is also
involved in SARS-CoV-2 entrance, so the virus may utilize other secondary receptors. Besides ACE2,
CD147 was discovered as a novel SARS-CoV-2 receptor, CD147 appears to be an alternate receptor for SARSCoV-
2 infection. NRP-1, as a single-transmembrane glycoprotein, has been recently found to operate as an entrance
factor and enhance SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection under in-vitro. DPP4, which was discovered
as the first gene clustered with ACE2, may serve as a potential SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binding target.
GRP78 could be recognized as a secondary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 because it is widely expressed at substantially
greater levels, rather than ACE2, in bronchial epithelial cells and the respiratory mucosa. This review
highlights recent literature on this topic.
Lebanese and Saudi Nursing Students' Self-Confidence, Satisfaction, and Clinical Judgment in a High-Fidelity Simulation
Authors: Alsalamah Yasir S. , Alsalamah Turki S. , Albagawi Bander S. , El Tassi Ahmad , Alkharj Sarah , Aldrees Basma , Angelo Rizal , Alsalamah Fahed , Fawaz Mirna 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
This study aims at evaluating Lebanese and Saudi nursing students' self-confidence, satisfaction, and clinical judgment in a high-fidelity simulation.

Background:
High fidelity simulation is an increasingly popular academic application gaining more corroboration in nursing curricula over the years. To prepare highly qualified nurses with refined clinical judgement skills, high fidelity simulation presents a promising academic technique.

Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional research methodology was used to recruit 673 Lebanese and Saudi nursing students from various academic levels for this investigation. Three questionnaires were used: a sociodemographic survey, the student satisfaction and self-confidence in learning questionnaire (13 items) and the Lasater clinical judgment rubric (11 items in 4 components). A convenience sample of 673 nursing students from all academic levels, genders and ages at two universities, one in Lebanon and one in Saudi Arabia, which both offer a similar 4 year nursing curriculum and include high fidelity simulation into their courses, was recruited. The sample was calculated based on a population of 891 nursing students, thus yielding a need for 269 students for a confidence interval of 95%, which makes the 673 students in the sample sufficient.

Results:
Students who participated in simulation-based learning reported fairly high levels of learning satisfaction (p=0.00), self-confidence (p=0.00), and clinical judgment (p=0.03), with Lebanese students scoring better overall. In the case of satisfaction (p=0.00) and self-confidence (p=0.00) as predictors of clinical judgment, there was a strong connection between the variables.

Conclusion:
Nursing students from Lebanon and Saudi Arabia who participated in simulation-based learning activities showed high levels of satisfaction, self-confidence, and clinical judgment.