bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refractory chylothorax after esophagectomy caused by injured thoracic duct with a rare collateral branch: A case report
Authors: Wang Jianyu , Chen Xiangyu , Song Liang , Liu Xiang-Yan , He Xiao-Peng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background

Chylothorax is a rare but serious complication of esophagectomy that can be life threatening if not addressed in a timely fashion. Chylous leakage generally occurs in response to thoracic duct injury, and anatomical variations in thoracic duct structure can add to the risk of injury during esophageal surgery. Here, we report a rare occurrence of refractory chylothorax after esophagectomy and discuss the diagnostic strategy and aggressive surgical management for this condition, along with a review of the literature.

Case presentation

We report a 62-year-old man with refractory chylothorax that occurred after esophagectomy caused by a hidden collateral branch of the injured thoracic duct with a rare positional relationship to the injury site. The chylous fluid from the unrevealed right-sided duct drained into the injured left-sided thoracic duct via the collateral branch opposite the injury on the side wall of the thoracic duct and continually leaked out through the injury. After ligation of the hidden branch, the patient was cured and discharged 2 wk later.

Conclusion

This is a rare case of distal partial duplication of the thoracic duct, and anatomical variation of the thoracic duct can still lead to chylothorax even if its main trunk has been ligated prophylactically. Care must be taken to adequately ligate both trunks in cases of distal duplication as there is shared proximal trunk, and hidden collateral branches should be carefully explored at the same time.
68Ga-FAPI-04 PET for surveillance of anastomotic recurrence in postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a comparative study with 18F-FDG PET
Authors: Li Xiang , Ma Wenhui , Wang Min , Quan Zhiyong , Zhang Mingru , Ye Jiajun , Li Guiyu , Zhou Xiang , Ma Taoqi , Wang Junling , Yang Weidong , Nie Yongzhan , Wang Jing , Kang Fei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET imaging has shown clinical advantages for detecting and staging various solid tumor types, including gastrointestinal cancer. This study aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET and 18F-FDG PET for detecting anastomotic recurrence in postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer and to characterize the pattern of 68Ga-FAPI-04 uptake at surgical wounds post-surgery.
Methods: This study involved 63 gastrointestinal cancer patients who underwent 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging, or 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging only for postoperative surveillance after curative surgical resection. The SUVmax at surgical wounds (anastomotic sites and abdominal incision sites) and its corresponding ratio compared to background were assessed. Endoscopic pathology confirmed anastomotic recurrence or it was ruled out by imaging and clinical follow-up. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV), and accuracy of the two PET imaging in detecting anastomotic recurrence were compared based on the analysis of paired FAPI-FDG PET imaging. Relationships between tracer uptake at surgical wounds and postoperative time were also analyzed.
Results: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of detecting anastomotic recurrence were 100.0%, 87.3%, 41.7%, 100.0%, and 88.3% for 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET imaging, and 60.0%, 81.8%, 23.1%, 95.7%, and 80.0% for 18F-FDG PET imaging respectively. Compared with non-recurrent patients, the recurrent patients exhibited a significantly higher anastomotic SUVmax and ratio on FAPI-PET imaging (SUVmax : 9.92±4.36 vs. 2.81±1.86, P =0.002; Ratio: 5.11±1.99 vs. 2.23±1.17, P <0.001). 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET displayed a significantly higher SUVmax ratio at surgical wounds than 18F-FDG PET imaging (anastomotic sites: 2.57±1.61 vs. 1.76±0.74, P =0.001; abdominal incision sites: 2.14±1.47 vs. 1.65±1.12, P =0.029). Although 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET signal at surgical wounds showed a slight trend to decrease over time (anastomotic SUVmax : r=-0.2830, P =0.0223; incisional SUVmax : r=-0.4549, P <0.0001), no statistical difference was observed over months post-surgery ( P >0.05).
Conclusion: The surveillance power of 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET is superior to 18F-FDG PET in postoperative anastomotic recurrence of gastrointestinal cancer, but the positive predictive value was limited due to wound healing inference. Therefore, combined surveillance methods were suggested instead of relying on 68Ga-FAPI-04 or 18F-FDG PET only.
Magnitude and Associated Factors of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia among Male Patients Admitted at Surgical Ward of selected Governmental Hospitals in Sidamma region, Ethiopia 2021
Authors: Gebre Bereket Beyene , gebrie Melese , Bedru Mubarek , Bennat Vallen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common cause of bladder outlet obstruction and voiding symptoms in elderly men and it affects more than 50% of men over 60 years of age globally. Ethiopia is one of the top ten countries with the largest number of people affected by BPH in Africa, with a prevalence range of 6.1–33.4%.
Methods
A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 male patients admitted at surgical ward of HUCSH and AGH of Hawassa City from Oct 15 to Nov 15 /2021. Non-randomized purposive sampling method was applied and the data were collected by using a pretested structured, an interviewer-administered questionnaire and patient review checklist. The collected data was checked daily for the completeness, the accuracy and the consistency and it was analyzed by SPSS version 20 and a binary logistic regression model was used to test the association between dependent and independent variables.
Results
This study included 143 male patients, with a mean age of 54.27 and SD ± 16.079 years. In this study the magnitude of BPH was 27(18.9%). Old age > = 75 years (AOR = 0.07; 95% CI: 0.005–1.024), being smokers (AOR = 0.261, 95% CI 0.078–0.871), positive familial history of BPH (AOR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.038–0.428), patients with renal disease (AOR = 5.724; 95% CI: 1.669–19.631) and patients with history of difficulties on sexual activity (AOR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.034–0.830) were found to be statistically associated with the presence of BPH.
Conclusions
In conclusion, the findings of this study revealed that BPH is a high prevalent disease among men. Factors that potentially increase the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia were; old age, positive family history, smoking, and renal disease and difficulties on sexual activities. Intensifying health education campaign to raise public awareness about, factors that potentially increase the risk of BPH, especially those modifiable once.
GMM-Based GNSS Spoofing Detector Using Double Differential Phase Measurement
Authors: La Vinh , Nguyen Hien , Nguyen Thuan , Hoang Hiep , Pham Hung , Ta Tung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
GNSS spoofing is a type of intentional interference in which a GNSS receiver tracks counterfeit signals making the outcome positions wrong. This is the most dangerous type of intervention in GNSS technology. In this work, we introduce a novel method to detect spoofing signals using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) on the double carrier phase difference (DD) created by two independent receivers. The DD is capable of completely eliminating errors caused by the satellite clock, the receiver clock, the atmospheric layers; therefore, the signal Angle of Arrival (AoA) is clearly expressed in the DD measurement. We utilize the GMM to model the probability density function of the DD measurement, which is computed from the phase measurement of the receivers. Theoretically, AoA values of an authentic signal change over time due to the nature of the signal broadcasted from an orbiting satellite. On the other hand, fake signals are often transmitted from a generator causing a central distribution of the corresponding AoA values. Existing work deals with the spoofing detection problem using the above theoretical assumption. However, it is practically to broadcast spoofing signals from several sources, and it is possible to mix up some random noise into the generated phase to make the DD measurement noisy. In such a complicated scenario, the existing approaches are not robust enough to detect non-authentic signals. We have another observation that, since the real satellites are moving on fixed orbits, there should be a correlation among the AoA values of signals coming from such real ones. In contrast, counterfeit signals (with the main purpose of causing wrong position or noisy phase) do not follow the pattern of the real ones. Therefore, instead of using the above hard assumption about the signal AoA, we propose to make use of statistical model GMM to learn the hidden relationship of the AoA values among real signals coming from different real satellites and then those GMM models are used to detect spoofing signals.
Self-Administration of a Salmonella Vaccine by Domestic Pigs
Authors: Robbins Rebecca C. , Archer Courtney , Giménez-Lirola Luis G. , Mora-Díaz Juan Carlos , McGlone John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hand vaccinating is time consuming and inefficient. Oral vaccines delivered by drenching are less likely to be used due to a lack of labor on farms. Current environmental enrichment (EE) technologies do not allow pigs to express natural behaviors such as rooting and getting a reward. We developed a sprayer so that domestic pigs can self-apply any liquid. By adding an attractant (pig maternal pheromone), use of EE devices can be increased. In this study, we used a Salmonellaoral vaccine to evaluate efficacy of three delivery methods: (1) Control, no vaccine, (2) hand drenching as labeled, and (3) self-administration by this EE rooting device. Commercial castrated male and female pigs (PIC genetics) All pigs sprayed themselves within 80 min of exposure to the EE device. While control pigs had little or no Salmonella serum and oral fluid IgG or IgA, hand-drenched and self-vaccinated pigs built similar levels of both serum and oral fluid IgA and IgG. We conclude we were able to significantly reduce human labor needed and achieved 100% efficacy when pigs self-administered a Salmonellavaccine. This technology would benefit commercial pigs and could assist in control of feral swine and improve domestic pig health and food safety concerns while providing an enriched environment.
Knowledge of pregnant women in rural Mozambique on routine practices to prevent and treat common conditions at the antenatal care clinic
Authors: Nhampossa Tacilta , Munguambe Khátia , Chauque Célia , Chivangue Mariza , Mazuze Maura , Mendes Anete , Garcia-Otero Laura , Gonzalez Raquel , Sevene Esperança , Menendez Clara , Torres Neusa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Despite an increasing proportion of pregnant women accessing antenatal care (ANC) in low-income countries, preventable maternal morbidity and mortality remains high. Limited women’s knowledge on common diseases during pregnancy and on the indications of routine health interventions delivered at the ANC clinic may reduce the compliance and effectiveness of these interventions. We assessed pregnant women’s knowledge on common diseases in pregnancy and on routine interventions delivered at the ANC clinic as well as their compliance with these interventions.
Methods: From December-2019 to October-2020, we undertook a qualitative study using individual semi-structured and in-depthinterviews in 79 pregnant women attending the ANC clinic of a rural hospital in Mozambique. Participant’s ability to identify the drugs administrated was assessed by showing them the drugs without the label (antiretroviral, ferrous sulfate, cotrimoxazole, isoniazid, mebendazol and antimalarial). Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded and a combined Content and Thematic analysis technique used. NVivo 12 software was used to store and retrieve the data.
Results: Most of the participants recognized that infectious diseases such as HIV, malaria, sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis and COVID-19, could be harmful in pregnancy. Overall, knowledge on the indication of the prescribed drugs was limited, being higher for antiretroviral drugs and ferrous sulfate, and lower for mebendazol and isoniazid. The general perception was that all drugs prescribed at the ANC clinic prevent or treat malaria infection. Knowledge on the indication of the prescribed drugs was generally higher in HIV-infected pregnant women compared to HIV uninfected women. Forgetting daily medication intake, non-compliance with the drug intake schedule and perceived importance given to some drugs instead of others, were practices found regarding compliance to the pharmacological interventions.
Conclusion: Knowledge of Mozambican pregnant women on health interventions delivered at the ANC clinic was generally limited. The latter may reduce compliance and adherence with these interventions and thus their effectiveness and safety. Reinforcing Information and education on ANC health interventions targeting women of childbearing age would improve maternal and infant health.
Molecular structure and environment dependence of shear-driven chemical reactions: Tribopolymerization of methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane and cyclohexene on stainless steel
Authors: Kim Seong H , Li Yu-Sheng , Jang Seokhoon , Bhuiyan Fakhrul Hasan , Martini Ashlie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tribochemistry, which is another name of mechanochemistry driven by shear, deals with complex and dynamic interfacial processes that can lead to facilitation of surface wear or formation of beneficial tribofilms. For better mechanistic understanding, we investigated the reactivity of tribopolymerization of organic molecules with different internal ring strain energy (methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane, and cyclohexene) on a stainless steel (SS) surface in inert (N2), oxidizing (O2), and reducing (H2) environments. On the clean SS surface, precursor molecules were found to physisorb with a broad range of molecular orientations. In inert and reducing environments, the strain-free cyclohexane showed the lowest tribochemical activity among the three tested. Compared to the N2 environment, the tribochemical activity in H2 was suppressed. In the O2 environment, only cyclohexene produced tribofilms and methylcyclopentane and cyclohexane did not. When tribofilms were analyzed with Raman spectroscopy, the spectral features of diamond-like carbon (DLC) or amorphous carbon (a-C) were observed due to photochemical degradation of triboproducts. Based on infrared spectroscopy, tribofilms were found to be organic polymers containing oxygenated groups. Whenever polymeric tribrofilms were produced, wear volume was suppressed by orders of magnitudes but not completely to zero. These results supported the previously suggested mechanisms which involved surface oxygens as a reactant species of the tribopolymerization process.
Scalable Inter-operable and Secure Healthcare Framework For Sharing Patient Medical Report using Blockchain and IPFS Technology
Authors: Kumar Randhir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Today the current healthcare system is the next frontier for the digital transformation, as patients demand control over their sensitive medical records, with the anticipation that their record is securely stored and correctly shared with the right parties by leveraging patient-centered interoperability techniques. However, the traditional approach falls into the category of enterprise integration platforms to maintain the interoperability for different healthcare providers, whose responsibility is to build bridges between the different silos to allow data to flow back and forth and to allow services to work with each other. The problem with the traditional approach of interoperability is that the data itself is still locked inside silos systems within each participating organization in the overall ecosystem. This traditional approach of interoperability brings new challenges in the healthcare systems viz., privacy, security, and mutability of the patient's record. To address these issues, we have proposed a blockchain-based scalable and secure healthcare interoperability framework that ensures secure storage of patient's records by preserving privacy and immutability of their data. In the proposed model, we integrate blockchain and interplanetary file systems (IPFS) with smart-contracts that enabled patient-centered interoperability in the healthcare domain. Our system provides patients an immutable log and easy access to their health records across the different healthcare organizations. Furthermore, patients authorize healthcare providers to access their health records through patient-centered interoperability techniques leveraged by smart-contracts operations.
Duration between aneurysm rupture and treatment - association with outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Hostettler Isabel Charlotte , Lange Nicole , Schwendinger Nina , Frangoulis Samira , Hirle Theresa , Trost Dominik , Gempt Jens , Kreiser Kornelia , Wostrack Maria , Meyer Bernhard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Timely treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) is key to prevent further rupture and poor outcome. We evaluated complications and outcome adjusting for time from haemorrhage to treatment.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of aSAH patients admitted between 2006 and 2020. Data was collected using standardized case report forms. We compared risk factors using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: We included 853 patients, 698 (81.8%) were treated within 24 hours. Patients with higher Hunt and Hess grades were admitted and treated significantly faster than those with lower grades (overall p-value<0.001). Fifteen patients (1.8%) rebled before intervention. In the multivariable logistic analysis adjusting for timing, Barrow Neurological Institute score and intracerebral haemorrhage were significantly associated with rebleeding (overall p-value 0.006; OR 3.12, 95%CI 1.09-8.92, p=0.03, respectively). Treatment >24 hours was associated with higher mortality and cerebral infarction in lower grades aSAH (OR 3.13, 1.02-9.58 95%CI, p-value=0.05; OR 7.69, 2.44-25.00, p-value<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Treatment >24 hours after rupture is associated with higher mortality and cerebral infarction rates in lower grades aSAH. Delay in treatment with consequently higher complication rates primarily affects patients with lower grade aSAH. Patients with lower grade aSAH ought to be treated with the same urgency as higher-grade aSAH.
Method for 3D atomic structure determination of multi-element nanoparticles with graphene liquid-cell TEM
Authors: Heo Junyoung , Kim Dongjun , Choi Hyesung , Kim Sungin , Chun Hoje , Reboul Cyril , Van Cong T. S. , Elmlund Dominika , Choi Soonmi , Kim Kihyun , Park Younggil , Elmlund Hans , Han Byungchan , Park Jungwon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Determining the 3D atomic structures of multi-element nanoparticles in their native liquid environment is crucial to understanding their physicochemical properties. We here introduce a 3D atomic structure determination method for multi-element nanoparticle systems. The method, which is based on low-pass filtration and initial 3D model generation customized for different types of multi-element systems, enables reconstruction of high-resolution 3D Coulomb density maps for ordered and disordered multi-element systems and classification of the heteroatom type. Using high-resolution image datasets obtained from TEM simulations of PbSe, CdSe, and FePt nanoparticles that are structurally relaxed with first-principles calculations in the graphene liquid cell, we show that the types and positions of the constituent atoms are precisely determined with root mean square displacement (RMSD) values less than 24 pm. Our study suggests that it is possible to investigate the 3D atomic structures of synthesized multi-element nanoparticles in liquid phase.
Computation and comparison of gene expression variability in fibroblasts of long-term survivors of childhood cancer and cancer-free controls in response to ionizing and sham-irradiation: the KiKme study
Authors: Grandt Caine Lucas , Brackmann Lara Kim , Foraita Ronja , Schwarz Heike , Bartenschlager Willempje Hummel , Hankeln Thomas , Kraemer Christiane , Zahnreich Sebastian , Drees Philipp , Mirsch Johanna , Spix Claudia , Blettner Maria , Schmidberger Heinz , Binder Harald , Hess Moritz , Galetzka Danuta , Marini Federico , Poplawski Alicia , Marron Manuela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background: Differential expression analysis is usually adjusted for variation. However, most studies that examined the expression variability (EV) have used computations affected by low expression levels and did not examine healthy tissue. This study aims to calculate and characterize an unbiased EV in primary fibroblasts of childhood cancer survivors and cancer-free controls (N0) in response to ionizing radiation.Methods: Human skin fibroblasts of 52 donors with a first primary neoplasm in childhood (N1), 52 donors with at least one second primary neoplasm (N2+), as well as 52 N0 were obtained from the KiKme case-control study and exposed to a high (2 Gray) and a low dose (0.05 Gray) of X-rays and sham- irradiation (0 Gray). Genes were then classified as hypo-, non-, or hyper-variable per donor group and radiation treatment, and subsequently examined for enriched functional signatures.Results:We found 22 genes with considerable EV differences between donor groups, of which 11 genes were associated with response to ionizing radiation, stress, and DNA repair. The largest number of genes exclusive to one donor group and variability classification combination were all detected in N0: hypo-variable genes after 0 Gray (n=49), 0.05 Gray (n=41), and 2 Gray (n=38), as well as hyper-variable genes after any dose (n=43). After 2 Gray GO term groups contained theNotch signalling pathway, subsumingcellular response to oxidative stress,cell death in response to hydrogen peroxide,DNA damage response, anddetection of DNA damage. In N2+, 30 genes were uniquely classified as hyper-variable after the low dose, and were associated with inflammatory functions. For N1, no exclusive gene sets with functions related to the radiation response were detected in our data.Conclusion: Only in N0, the handling of genotoxic and oxidative stress after a high dose of ionizing radiation may be tightly regulated and thus more efficient, whereas, after a low dose, only N2+ showed high degrees of variability in inflammatory pathways that can be a result of radiation-induced reactive oxygen species, potentially leading to a higher vulnerability towards side effects of exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation.