bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Telehealth in a paediatric developmental metropolitan assessment clinic: Perspectives and experiences of families and clinicians
Authors: Esther Chan , Natalie Ong , Diana Barnett , Marie Antoinette Hodge , Suzi Drevensek , Marcia Williamsz , Natalie Silove 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe application of telehealth in the paediatric setting is growing, and yet, limited research has focused on using telehealth in developmental diagnostic assessment and the consumers' perceptions of their telehealth experience. This study explored parents'/carers' and staff experiences of using telehealth as part of the developmental diagnostic assessment.MethodsParents/carers who attended an assessment between June 2020 and July 2021 that incorporated a telehealth component within a hybrid service delivery model were invited to provide feedback about their experience of telehealth appointments at a multidisciplinary developmental assessment service. All parents were invited to complete an online survey, with a sample of families being offered a telephone interview. Staff members were invited to a focus group to explore their experiences of delivering services via telehealth. Data obtained were analysed descriptively and thematically using a mixed method of analysis. Codes were categorized, enabling facilitators and barriers to be explored.ResultsThe use of telehealth in the diagnostic assessment of complex developmental disorders received high levels of acceptance from parents/carers and staff, despite having limitations such as technical issues, difficulties building rapport between families/clinicians and limited direct observations of the child. Telehealth services are perceived to reduce costs and increase flexibility, including increased ability to accommodate family needs.ConclusionsResults demonstrated that telehealth is a highly acceptable mode of service in a developmental assessment service. The current study informs the development of a hybrid service delivery model by enhancing facilitators and reducing barriers commonly reported by consumers and provides direction for future research.Patient or Public ContributionParents or carers of children who attended a tertiary paediatric assessment unit for a diagnostic developmental assessment completed the online survey and were interviewed.
Targeting inflammation and pro‐resolving mediators withAnetholea anisitaextract to improve scalp condition
Authors: Duroux Romain , Baillif Vincent , Havas Fabien , Farge Morgane , Maurin Alban , Suere Thierry , VanGoethem Emeline , Attia Joan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveA critical and often‐overlooked factor that may give rise to dandruff and oily hair is the intrinsic quality of the scalpstratum corneum(SC), which is often unbalanced and susceptible to external aggressions. Addressing the inflammation element of unhealthy scalp plays an important role in promoting healthy‐looking and feeling hair. Although specialized pro‐resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) have been studied in the skin to end the inflammation process and promote tissue regeneration, no studies have been provided in the scalp. This study aims to investigate SPMs expression and its role in improving scalp integrity and consequently improving hair appearance using anAnetholea anisitaextract.MethodsThe effect ofAnetholea anisitaextract was investigated in vitro on human follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC), evaluating its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties by fluorescence staining and ELISA, respectively. Ex vivo measurement of the volume of human scalp sebaceous glands was performed using X‐ray microtomography (micro‐CT). The extract was then clinically tested on a population of dandruff sufferers presenting oily hair. Volunteers' sebum was collected on the scalp and analysed by LC–MS/MS or ELISA to identify SPMs and pro‐inflammatory markers. Scalp integrity was assessed by measuring the pH and the TEWL. Sebum production, dandruff and hair gloss were also evaluated.ResultAnetholea anisitaextract reduced IL‐8 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HFDPC. Interestingly, this extract also decreased the volume of sebaceous glands as revealed by micro‐CT. This result was confirmed in vivo by a decrease in sebum production in volunteers. Moreover, SPMs were analysed and detected in the scalp for the first time. An increase in Lipoxin B4 (LxB4) and Resolvin D1 and D2 (RvD1 and RvD2) was observed afterAnetholea anisitatreatment as well as decrease in pro‐inflammatory sebum mediators expression such as PGE2, LTB4 and IL‐8. Consequently, the scalp barrier was reinforced as observed through improved transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin surface pH, reducing dandruff and improving hair health.ConclusionThe present results suggest the potential of cosmetic applications ofAnetholea anisitaextract to improve scalp health by targeting inflammation pathways to decrease dandruff and improve hair condition.
At the crux of maternal immune activation: Viruses, microglia, microbes, and IL‐17A
Authors: Otero Ashley M. , Antonson Adrienne M. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryInflammation during prenatal development can be detrimental to neurodevelopmental processes, increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Prenatal exposure to maternal viral infection during pregnancy is a leading environmental risk factor for manifestation of these disorders. Preclinical animal models of maternal immune activation (MIA), established to investigate this link, have revealed common immune and microbial signaling pathways that link mother and fetus and set the tone for prenatal neurodevelopment. In particular, maternal intestinal T helper 17 cells, educated by endogenous microbes, appear to be key drivers of effector IL‐17A signals capable of reaching the fetal brain and causing neuropathologies. Fetal microglial cells are particularly sensitive to maternally derived inflammatory and microbial signals, and they shift their functional phenotype in response to MIA. Resulting cortical malformations and miswired interneuron circuits cause aberrant offspring behaviors that recapitulate core symptoms of human neurodevelopmental disorders. Still, the popular use of “sterile” immunostimulants to initiate MIA has limited translation to the clinic, as these stimulants fail to capture biologically relevant innate and adaptive inflammatory sequelae induced by live pathogen infection. Thus, there is a need for more translatable MIA models, with a focus on relevant pathogens like seasonal influenza viruses.
Intra‐spective Event‐encounters in Museums: A Pedagogic Practice Among Community Art Educators in Training
Authors: Osler Trish , Sinner Anita , El Tannir Lara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article reflects understandings of artful encounters in relation to ecologies of practice and walking with public art. Introduced as a pedagogic inquiry among art education students training to become teachers in community settings, meaningful event‐encounters transpired while walking with the museum. Navigating spaces of becoming‐with between body‐object‐environment encouraged relational positions: self as a/r/tographer, self in relation to artworks, self in relation to a museum space and self in relation to co‐participants. Visual, spoken and written responses to artworks were anchored in guiding themes and in an awareness of the artist's creative process. The resultant perceptions are defined in this case as introspective, extrospective and what may be described as intra‐spective (reflecting the experience of collaborative exploration). Participant data revealed that the exchange of interpretation becomes a meaningful provocation to one's own assumptions about an artwork. Moreover, intra‐spective practice fostered a genuine curiosity about others through the sharing of perspectives in ways that suggest such inquiry offers a pedagogic opening by enhancing focus, stimulating curiosity, and mindfully engaging reflective, affective and reflexive dispositions.
Neoliberal ideology and negative attitudes toward immigrants: Evidence from a survey and survey experiment in Japan
Authors: Igarashi Akira , Ono Yoshikuni 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExisting research has emphasized that neoliberalism triggers anti‐immigrant attitudes. At the national level, this has been attributed to two context‐dependent mechanisms: the existence of radical right‐wing political parties that combine pro‐market ideology with authoritarian social conservatism, and an ethnically and racially heterogeneous environment in which immigrants are over‐identified as welfare recipients. However, these associations may not be context‐dependent because the majority of people tends to share the stereotype of immigrants as incompetent and welfare‐dependent. To test this, we used the case of Japan, where the presence of radical right‐wing parties is marginal in national politics and the size of immigrants is considerably small. By analyzing representative survey data, we showed that neoliberalism is associated with anti‐immigrant attitudes, even in Japan. Furthermore, we conducted a survey experiment in which we varied the skill level and country of origin of immigrants in vignettes. The results showed that respondents who espoused the neoliberal ideology were more sensitive to the skill level of immigrants. These respondents strongly opposed low‐skilled immigrants and in favor of high‐skilled immigrants. They were also opposed to the immigration of certain ethinic groups—Chinese immigrants. These results suggest that the association between neoliberalism and anti‐immigrant attitudes is not necessarily context‐dependent, but rather that stereotypes about immigrants facilitate the association.
The effectiveness of drugs combined with individualized management for elderly patients with stage III pressure ulcers
Authors: Shao Rui , Du TingTing , Zhang YongQiang , Li Yan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effect of drugs in combination with individualized management for elderly patients with stage III pressure ulcers.MethodsSixty patients with stage III pressure sores at our hospital from August 2017 to December 2019 were selected as research subjects. The patients were equally divided between the study group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30) by the random number table method. All enrolled patients received drug treatment, silver ion alginate and hydrocolloid and foam dressings once every 3 days, according to the patient's wound condition to shorten the healing time. After necrotic tissue and wounds were washed with normal saline, a silver ion alginate dressing was applied and the dressing was changed once a day. The study group had individualized management based on the above drug treatment as well as exercise, nutrition, and psychological management. The pressure ulcer scale for healing (PUSH) score and changes in the pressure ulcer area were compared between the two groups before treatment, at 1, 3, and 5 weeks of treatment. The wound healing rate was then calculated.ResultsWith the progress of treatment time, the PUSH scores and pressure ulcer areas in both groups showed a significantly decreasing trend, and the wound healing rate was significantly increased (p < 0.05). The study group's PUSH scores and pressure ulcer areas were significantly lower when compared with the control group (p < 0.05) after one, three, and 5 weeks of treatment. The wound healing rate of the study group at three and 5 weeks was significantly faster than the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionBased on drug therapy (silver ion alginate, hydrocolloid dressing, and foam dressing) combined with individualized exercise, nutrition, and psychological management, older patients with stage III pressure ulcers had improved therapeutic wound healing.
Survival of Clostridioides difficile spores in thermal and chemo-thermal laundering processes and influence of the exosporium on their adherence to cotton bed sheets
Authors: Tarrant J. , Owen L. , Jenkins R. , Smith L.J. , Laird K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Clostridioides difficile spores were previously demonstrated to survive industrial laundering. Understanding interactions between heat, disinfectants and soiling (e.g. bodily fluids) affecting C. difficile spore survival could inform the optimization of healthcare laundry processes. Reducing spore attachment to linen could also enhance laundering efficacy. This study aimed to compare the sensitivity of C. difficile spores to heat and detergent, with and without soiling and to investigate adherence to cotton. Survival of C. difficile spores exposed to industrial laundering temperatures (71–90°C), reference detergent and industrial detergent was quantified with and without soiling. The adherence to cotton after 0 and 24 h air drying was determined with the exosporium of C. difficile spores partially or fully removed. Clostridioides difficile spores were stable at 71°C for 20 min (≤0·37 log10 reduction) while 90°C was sporicidal (3 log10 reduction); soiling exerted a protective effect. Industrial detergent was more effective at 71°C compared to 25°C (2·81 vs 0·84 log10 reductions), however, specifications for sporicidal activity (&gt;3 log10 reduction) were not met. Clostridioides difficile spores increasingly adhered to cotton over time, with 49% adherence after 24 h. Removal of the exosporium increased adherence by 19–23% compared to untreated spores. Further understanding of the role of the exosporium in attachment to cotton could enhance spore removal and aid decontamination of linen.
Reliability and validity of the Turkish language version of the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score
Authors: Erbay Mehmet E. , Tarhan Sena T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop the Turkish version of the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score (CLSS) and determine its psychometric properties in Turkish subjects.MethodsA total of 428 subjects, 259 with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and 169 without any complaints, were included in the study. In addition, 40 subjects were included in the study for test‐retest analysis. After the Turkish version of the CLSS was created, all patients underwent medical history, physical examination, complete urinalysis, urinary ultrasonography, and filled out a CLSS. In addition, men were asked to fill in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Male LUTS and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index. Women completed the Bristol Female LUTS‐Short Form and IPSS. The patients from the test‐retest group were asked to fill out the CLSS two times at 2‐week intervals.ResultsCLSS showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α for men and women was 0.909 and 0.767, respectively). The test‐retest reliability of CLSS was high for subdomains (intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.739‐0.962). Scores of CLSS were significantly higher in the study group than the control group (P < 0.001). In men and women, it showed very strong convergent validity (P < 0.0001) with subdomain related to other questionnaires. In our confirmatory factor analysis, the original model of CLSS was found to be compatible.ConclusionsThe Turkish version of CLSS is a valid and reliable questionnaire to evaluate the symptoms and disorders of patients with LUTS.
Universalism within: The tension between universalism and community in progressive ideology
Authors: Dalle Mulle Emmanuel , Serrano Ivan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSocial‐democratic parties face a dilemma between the universalist ethos of their socialist tradition and the nationalism that they share with the other political actors of the state where they act. In this paper, we examine comparatively the position of the Spanish party Partido Socialista Obrero Español (PSOE) and the Catalan party Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) on three political debates that pertains to the link between welfare and identity in Spain. We show how these parties experience opposite tensions between nationalism and the universalism of their left‐wing ideology. Whereas ERC calls for a withdrawal from the Spanish system of social security, the PSOE advocates imposing on Catalonia a symmetric form of solidarity with the rest of Spain, despite recognising the region's different identity. Above all, both parties take identity for granted as a pre‐political factor that ‘naturally’ justifies differential treatment, according to ERC, or equalising federalism, in the case of the PSOE.
Maxillary sinus volume in patients with canted occlusal plane: A cone‐beam computed tomography study
Authors: Awad Nadia K. , Marghalani Hussain Y.A. , Barayan Mohammed A. , Alsaggaf Doaa H. , Alsulaimani Fahad F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the maxillary sinus volume between both sides in adult patients with upper occlusal canting (>2 mm cant) and a control group (≤2 mm cant) using cone‐beam computed tomography scans.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included a total of 84 scans (42 scans per group) according to predetermined selection criteria. OnDemand 3‐D™ software was used for volumetric and linear measurements of the maxillary sinus. Maxillary occlusal canting was determined at the level of the maxillary first molars. It was defined as the vertical difference between right and left sides relative to the Frankfort horizontal plane. Non‐parametric tests were applied.ResultsThe median difference in the maxillary sinus volume between the sides was statistically significant between the control and cant groups (P < 0.001). Also, the median difference in the maxillary sinus craniocaudal height and apex sinus distance between the sides was statistically significant between the control and cant groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionIn adult patients, maxillary occlusal canting of more than 2 mm was associated with asymmetric maxillary sinus volumes. In the cant group, maxillary first molars on the canted‐down side were in close proximity to the sinus floor, which suggests a limited leeway for molar intrusion.
Medium Activity Prevents Periprosthetic Bone Mass Loss in the Medial Metaphyseal Region of the Tibia after Posterior‐Stabilized TKA: A 5‐Year Follow‐up Study of 110 Knees
Authors: Liu Yong , He Peiheng , Li Xing , Liu Minghao , Chen Weizhi , Xu Dongliang 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe bone mass around the prosthesis plays an important role in the stability of the prosthesis. This study aimed to assess the effect of postoperative activity on bone mineral density (BMD) in the proximal tibia 5 years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). To provide a scientific guidance for postoperative functional exercise.Methods110 patients underwent unilateral primary TKA were divided into three groups based on the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scale: low activity group (LA group, UCLA = 4, 5); medium activity group (MA group, UCLA = 6, 7); and high activity group (HA group, UCLA = 8, 9). The primary observation was a comparison of the BMD and BMD change percentage (ΔBMD (%)) in the periprosthetic tibia among the LA, MA and HA groups at 1 year, 3 years and 5 years. The secondary observations were radiographic evaluation (prosthetic stability, periprosthetic fractures, aseptic loosening and periprosthetic joint infection) and clinical evaluation (Knee Society Score (KSS), visual analogue score scores and range of motion (ROM)). A one‐way ANOVA was used to compare the clinical scores and BMD among the three groups.ResultsThe BMD of medial region decreased by 10.80%, 12.64%, 13.61% at 1, 3, and 5 years respectively; these were 5.72%, 6.26%, 7.83% in lateral region and 1.42%, 1.78%, 3.28% in diaphyseal region. For medial metaphyseal region, the BMD of the MA group was significantly greater than that of the LA and HA groups at 1 and 3 years (108.9 ± 5.2 vs. 106.1 ± 6.69 vs. 105.4 ± 5.2 and 108.5 ± 6.0 vs. 101.2 ± 6.76 vs. 103.0 ± 6.8, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001), and the BMD changes (ΔBMD (%)) in the MA group were significantly smaller than those in the LA and HA groups (8.75 ± 5.36 vs. 11.92 ± 5.49 vs. 12.70 ± 5.21 and 9.11 ± 5.11 vs. 16.04 ± 4.79 vs. 14.82 ± 4.26, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001).Regarding secondary observations, all of the prostheses were assessed as stable, without periprosthetic fractures, aseptic loosening and periprosthetic joint infection. Regarding KSS scores, there was no significant difference among the three groups. However, the VAS and ROM of the HA group were better than those of the MA and LA groups (1.65 ± 0.79 vs. 2.63 ± 0.77 vs. 3.00 ± 1.17, p < 0.001, and 111.90 ± 9.17 vs. 110.20 ± 6.78 vs. 102.90 ± 8.48, P < 0.001).ConclusionMedium activity prevented periprosthetic bone loss in the medial metaphyseal region of the tibia after posterior‐stabilized TKA, and moderate‐intensity exercise is recommended for patients after TKA to reduce periprosthetic bone loss.
Preoperative Factors Predicting the Preservation of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Liyi , Lin Jianhao , Xing Dan , Liu Qiang , Zhou Diange 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivePredicting the successful preservation of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important step for preoperative planning to secure the satisfactory outcomes. We aimed to examine the preoperative factors predicting the successful preservation of the PCL in cruciate‐retaining TKA and the outcome of sacrificing the PCL.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we analyzed TKAs consecutively performed by a single surgeon between January 2019 and August 2021 who had been preoperatively planned to undergo implantation of cruciate‐retaining (CR) prostheses. The outcome of the current study was whether the PCL was retained or sacrificed. Anterior‐stabilized (AS) tibial bearings when the PCL was sacrificed as needed were used intraoperatively. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative diagnosis from the patients' medical records were obtained. The medial‐lateral width of epicondyle (MLW), the medial posterior condyle height (MPCH), the lateral posterior condyle height (LPCH), the ratio of MLW and MPCH, the ratio of MLW and LPCH, the Insall–Salvati index, and the severity of the varus or valgus deformity were measured using preoperative radiographs. Univariate and multivariate regression were fitted to assess the association of these factors with the successful retention of PCL. To examine the influence of sacrifice of the PCL on the surgical procedure, the size of the tibial and femoral components, the thickness of the polyethylene insert, and the rate of patella replacement between the CR group and AS group were also compared using t tests or chi‐square tests.ResultsAmong 307 TKAs included, PCL was sacrificed with concurrent use of AS prostheses in 89 (29.0%) procedures. Knees with rheumatoid arthritis (P < 0.01), lower Insall–Salvati index (P < 0.01), and more severe varus deformity (P = 0.011) were at a higher risk of sacrificing the PCL intraoperatively. There was no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, MLW, MPCH, LPCH, ratio of MLW and MPCH, ratio of MLW and LPCH, size of the tibial and femoral components, or replacement of the patella between the CR and AS groups. Converting from CR to AS was associated with a higher risk of using a thicker polyethylene insert (P < 0.01).ConclusionRheumatoid arthritis, lower Insall–Salvati index, and more severe varus deformity were associated with an increased risk of sacrificing the PCL in TKAs planned to undergo implantation CR prostheses. Converting to AS tibial bearing may result in a thicker polyethylene insert. These factors should be carefully considered for the appropriate selection of prosthesis type preoperatively.