bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal influence of sea level on inland stress based on seismic velocity monitoring
Authors: Andajani Rezkia Dewi , Tsuji Takeshi , Snieder Roel , Ikeda Tatsunori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEarth’s crust responds to perturbations from various environmental factors. To evaluate this response, seismic velocity changes offer an indirect diagnostic, especially where velocity can be monitored on an ongoing basis from ambient seismic noise. Investigating the connection between the seismic velocity changes and external perturbations could be useful for characterizing dynamic activities in the crust. The seismic velocity is known to be sensitive to variations in meteorological signals such as temperature, snow, and precipitation as well as changes in sea level. Among these perturbations, the impact of variations in sea level on velocity changes inferred from seismic interferometry of ambient noise is not well known. This study investigates the influence of the ocean in a 3-year record of ambient noise seismic velocity monitoring in the Chugoku and Shikoku regions of southwest Japan. First, we applied a bandpass filter to determine the optimal period band for discriminating among different influences on seismic velocity. Then, we applied a regression analysis between the proximity of seismic station pairs to the coast and the ocean influence, as indicated by the correlation of sea level to seismic velocity changes between pairs of stations. Our study suggests that for periods between 0.0036 to 0.0155 cycle/day (64–274 days), the ocean’s influence on seismic velocity decreases with increasing distance of station pairs from the coast. The increasing sea level deforms the ocean floor, affecting the stress in the adjacent coast. The stress change induced by the ocean loading may extend at least dozens of kilometers from the coast. The correlation between sea level and inland seismic velocity changes is negative or positive. Although it is difficult to clearly interpret the correlation based on a simple model, they could depend on the in situ local stress, orientation of dominant crack, and hydraulic conductivity. Our study shows that seismic monitoring may be useful for evaluating the perturbation in the crust associated with an external load.
Graphical abstract
Simplified dosimetry for kidneys and tumors in 177Lu-labeled peptide receptor radionuclide therapy
Authors: Ardenfors Oscar , Nilsson Joachim N. , Thor Daniel , Hindorf Cecilia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate if satisfactory post-therapeutic image-based dosimetry can be achieved for Lu-177-DOTATATE treatments using a reduced number of image acquisitions to improve patient comfort and reduce economical costs.

Methods
39 patients who underwent 147 treatment cycles of Lu-177-DOTATATE for neuroendocrine tumors were included in the study. A total of 291 and 284 absorbed doses were calculated to kidneys and tumors, respectively. Single-point dosimetry was performed using one SPECT/CT image acquired at 1 d or 7 d post-treatment using a fixed effective half-life (Teff) or using a patient-specific Teff determined for the initial cycle. Also, dose-per-activity values, (D/A)1, were determined from the first cycle and used to calculate doses for subsequent cycles. All absorbed doses were evaluated against “true” doses calculated using both the 1 d and 7 d images. The relation between tumor grade and absorbed doses was also investigated. All dosimetry was performed on SPECT images.

Results
Absorbed doses to kidneys were most accurate when single-point dosimetry was performed using 1 d images with median ratios in relation to “true” doses in total dose of 1.00 (IQR: 0.97–1.03) when using fixed Teff and 1.01 (IQR: 0.98–1.04) when using Teff from the initial cycle. Calculations based on the 7 d image were most accurate for tumors with corresponding ratios in total absorbed dose of 0.98 (IQR: 0.96–1.00) and 1.00 (IQR: 0.99–1.01) when using a fixed Teff or Teff from the first cycle, respectively. The (D/A)1 approach performed worse, as 2 of 77 total absorbed doses to the kidneys deviated with > 30%, and tumor-absorbed doses were increasingly overestimated with every cycle. Absorbed doses, Teff and 1 d uptake were higher for G1 tumors than G2 tumors.

Conclusion
Dosimetry can be performed with satisfactory accuracy when using single SPECT/CT images acquired at 1 d for kidneys or at 7 d for tumors.
Protocol for a scoping review to map patient engagement in scoping reviews
Authors: Oravec Nebojša , Monnin Caroline , Gregora April , Bjorklund Brian , Dave Mudra G. , Schultz Annette S. H. , Chudyk Anna M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Scoping reviews of health research are increasing in popularity. However, only a minority of scoping reviews in this sector engage patients and caregivers as co-producers of the research. Despite developments in scoping review methodology, which insist that stakeholder consultation is essential, no guiding methods exist to instruct the conduct of this stage. Thus, it is necessary to understand how patients and caregivers have been engaged as part of scoping reviews, toward a unifying methodology.

Methods
We have developed a protocol for a scoping review of methods used to engage patients and caregivers in scoping reviews of health research. The search strategy will comprise two phases: the first will involve a secondary analysis of retrieved articles from a prior scoping review, and the second will identify articles that cite Levac et al.’s update to the original scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley. Titles and full texts of retrieved articles will be screened in duplicate. Inclusion will be limited to articles related to heath research that follow the six-stage scoping review framework by Arksey and O’Malley and that report patient engagement activities during at least one stage. The method of analysis of charted variables will be decided once data have been collected. Two patients will be engaged as collaborators throughout this review. We will also consult with patients, caregivers, and researchers upon completion of preliminary analyses.

Discussion
We anticipate that our scoping review will provide guidance for researchers seeking to involve health care stakeholders as co-producers of scoping reviews.
Regional years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for severe mental disorders in Guangdong Province, China: a real-world longitudinal study
Authors: Tan Wenyan , Chen Lichang , Zhang Yuqin , Xi Junyan , Hao Yuantao , Jia Fujun , Hall Brian J. , Gu Jing , Wang Shibin , Lin Haicheng , Lin Xiao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
To understand the magnitude and spatial–temporal distribution of the regional burden attributable to severe mental disorders is of great essential and high policy relevance. The study aimed to address the burden of severe mental disorders by evaluating the years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Guangdong, China.

Methods
We undertook a longitudinal study based on a multicenter database established by the Health Commission of Guangdong, involving a total of 21 prefectures and four economic regions in the Guangdong province. A total of 520,731 medical records from patients with severe mental disorders were collected for 2010–2020. Data were analyzed via an integrated evaluation framework by synthesizing prevalence estimates, epidemiological adjustment as well as comorbidity assessment to develop internally consistent estimates of DALY. DALY changes during 2010–2020 were decomposed by population growth and aging and further grouped by Socio-demographic Index (SDI). DALYs were projected to 2030 by the weighted median annualized rate of change in 2010–2020.

Results
In 2010–2020, the average DALYs for severe mental disorders reached 798,474 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 536,280–1,270,465) person-years (52.2% for males, and 47.8% for females). Severe mental disorders led to a great amount of disease burden, especially in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Foshan cities. Schizophrenia and mental retardation with mental disorders were the two leading sources of the burden ascribed to severe mental disorders. Population growth and aging could be accountable for the increasing burden of severe mental disorders. Economic regions with higher SDI carried a greater burden but had lower annualized rates of change in DALYs. The overall burden of severe mental disorders is projected to rise modestly over the next decade.

Conclusions
The findings urge prioritization of initiatives focused on public mental health, prevention strategies, health resources reallocation, and active involvement of authorities to effectively address the anticipated needs.
Cognitive after-effects and associated correlates among post-illness COVID-19 survivors: a cross-sectional study, Egypt
Authors: Abdelghani Mohamed , Atwa Samar A. , Said Amira , Zayed Niveen E. , Abdelmoaty Ahmed A. , Hassan Mervat S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
COVID-19’s after-effects among survivors are of increased concern. The cognitive aftermath of COVID-19 virus infection was underrated. This study aimed to identify and compare the cognitive impairment (CI) and its correlates among COVID-19 survivors and control subjects. A total of 85 adults who survived COVID-19 virus infection and an equal number of control subjects (matched for age, sex, education, and socioeconomic level) were included in this study. They were recruited from Zagazig University Hospitals, Sharkia Province, Egypt. All subjects were interviewed utilizing a semistructured demographic and clinical checklist, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS).

Results
More than half of COVID-19 survivors experienced CI (compared to only 8% of control subjects). Individuals who survived COVID-19 virus infection were more likely to have impairments in visuo-executive functions (OR: 0.3, 95% CI 0.2–0.5), attention (OR: 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–0.7), language (OR: 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.5), delayed recall (OR: 0.5, 95% CI 0.4–0.6), and total MoCA Scores (OR: 0.1, 95% CI 0.04–0.2). Among COVID-19 survivors, those who experienced CI were likely to be older (OR: 1.1, 95% CI 1.03–1.2), and of low-to-moderate education (OR: 4.9, 95% CI 1.6–15.1).

Conclusions
CI was prevalent among COVID-19 survivors. The visuo-executive functions, attention, language, and delayed recall were the most affected domains. Older age and lower educational level predicted CI in COVID-19 survivors.
Bone loss in aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty: management and outcomes
Authors: Bieganowski Thomas , Buchalter Daniel B. , Singh Vivek , Mercuri John J. , Aggarwal Vinay K. , Rozell Joshua C. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough several techniques and implants have been developed to address bone loss in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA), management of these defects remains challenging. This review article discusses the indications and management options of bone loss following total knee arthroplasty based on preoperative workup and intraoperative findings.Main textVarious imaging modalities are available that can be augmented with intraoperative examination to provide a clear classification of a bony defect. For this reason, the Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute (AORI) classification is frequently used to guide treatment. The AORI provides a reliable system by which surgeons can classify lesions based on their size and involvement of surrounding structures. AORI type I defects are managed with cement with or without screws as well as impaction bone grafting. For AORI type IIA lesions, wedge or block augmentation is available. For large defects encompassing AORI type IIB and type III defects, bulk allografts, cones, sleeves, and megaprostheses can be used in conjunction with intramedullary stems.ConclusionsTreatment of bone loss in rTKA continues to evolve as different techniques and approaches have been validated through short- and mid-term follow-up. Extensive preoperative planning with imaging, accurate intraoperative evaluation of the bone loss, and comprehensive understanding of all the implant options available for the bone loss are paramount to success.
Perception of Doctors Attending Association of Black Psychiatrists-UK Led CASC Preparatory Course
Authors: Adeyemo Suraju , Manuwa Olufikunayo , Ugalahi Theresa , Asiodu Nneamaka , Awhangansi Sewanu , Odebiyi Babatunde , Akhator-Eneka Nwife , Adeniji Mojisola , Oraegbunam Chukwuma 
Published: June 2022

AimsWithin the United Kingdom, there has been differential attainment in academic performance and career progression between International Medical graduates (IMG) and UK medical school graduates. Reasons reported for these differences include; poor relationships with trainers, cultural differences, and inadequate support. To close this differential attainment, effective interventions to support IMGs are indicated. This need for diversity led to the creation of the Association of Black Psychiatrists-UK Tutorial group (The-Tutors). The Tutors is a free online CASC preparatory group that started about 2-years ago and is tailored to meet the specific needs of black doctors sitting the Royal College of Psychiatrists examination. over 100-black Doctors have benefited from the group. This study was conducted to evaluate the experience of these doctors.MethodsThe sampling frame was the population of doctors who attended The-Tutors before sitting the CASC examination. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, past psychiatry training experiences, and participants' experience toward preparation and passing CASC.An online questionnaire was completed and this was distributed through social media (closed WhatsApp groups).Responses were anonymous.ResultsTotal participants were 33, out of which 20 (60.6%) had passed the CASC examination while 13 (39.4%) are still awaiting results.The majority (51.5%) of the participants had only international training in Psychiatry, 27.3% had their training in the UK, and 12.1% had both, while 9.1% had no formal-psychiatric training.Most 21(63.6%) participants indicated that the group was ‘extremely useful’ for CASC preparation.In terms of comparing experience in this group with other CASC preparatory groups, all the respondents found The Tutors group more helpful; 16(48.5%) indicated that the group was ‘extremely helpful’, 14(42.4%) ‘very helpful’ and 9.1% “moderately helpful”.Most of the participants (75.8%) indicated that they were “extremely likely” to recommend the group to others.The majority (>65%) of respondents reported that The-Tutors helped in improving their knowledge, communication skills, confidence approaching the examination, and motivation to study.Close to half (48.5%) of participants who had passed the CASC examination indicated that The-Tutor was “extremely helpful” toward their success.ConclusionThis study has shown positive experiences of IMG especially of Black ethnic group attending an all- Black-led CASC preparatory group. This could be an indication that support groups specifically targeted toward the needs of IMG could help lead to an increase in success rates in UK examinations.
A Survey of Long Case Psychotherapy Experiences of Psychiatric Trainees Working in South London and Maudsley NHS Trust
Authors: Askari Famia , Brown Gillian 
Published: June 2022

AimsPsychotherapy is a mandatory component of the Royal College of Psychiatrists training curriculum. The long-term benefits of psychotherapeutically-informed practice to both patients and doctors are well recognised. In the face of regular service configurations, there was a wish to gather evidence to ensure continued provision of this training experience to a high quality. The purpose of this survey was to obtain feedback from trainees regarding their experience of the psychodynamic psychotherapy long case to evidence the relevance and value of this component of the training programme.MethodsThe anonymous survey, including questions, numerical rating scales and free text boxes, was sent to 294 trainees on a combined mailing list. This number may be slightly inaccurate due to incorrect email addresses and duplicates. A reminder email was sent one week later to encourage a higher fill rate.ResultsThere were 35 responses: a fill rate of approximately 12%. The largest group of respondents were Core Trainees (3rd year) of whom just over half had completed the long case.92% of respondents found the long case to be at least ‘slightly useful’, of whom almost a third found it ‘extremely useful’. 94% of trainees found the experience to be at least ‘slightly helpful’ in understanding psychodynamic concepts and 75% found supervision ‘very’ or ‘extremely useful’.Qualitative responses described it as a unique experience not offered elsewhere in the curriculum that provided important transferable skills.Difficulties mentioned were similar to those found by previous studies, including practical concerns relating to patient and service factors. There were suggestions for more in-depth training and suggested reading to increase trainees’ confidence. An email was sent signposting trainees to further support in response to some specific concerns.ConclusionOverall, the responses suggest that the majority of trainees find the long case a valuable training opportunity. These data are useful to evaluate and improve trainees’ experience within the trust, and could be helpful for other training programmes nationally.Due to the nature of psychotherapy, there is inevitable variation in trainee experiences but attempts to clarify and/or standardise some elements may result in greater trainee satisfaction. Trainees suggested improvements including addressing practical issues, patient factors, supervision content, and educational resources. A future survey following implementation of some suggested improvements would be helpful; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the switch to remote working is another area that may be useful to explore.
Educational Supervision – Backbone of Training: How Do We Make It Effective?
Authors: Bandawar Mrunal , Ali Zahra , Carone Laura Jayne , Sain Kallol 
Published: June 2022

AimsAssess and improve the educational supervision for the core psychiatry trainees (CT) in the west midlands.MethodsThe data were collected from core psychiatry trainees in West Midland (CT1 – 3) through a Microsoft form sent via the Faculty support team and data are collected (June 2021) from CT's perspective. It involved demographics and questions evaluating quantitative and qualitative overview of educational supervision. We used HEE guidelines and RCPsych recommendations. Similarly, we used a modified questionnaire to anonymise educational supervisors’ (ES) perspectives in the West Midlands School of psychiatry annual Education day conference (January 2022).ResultsTrainees Perspective: 40% out of 123 trainees responded, of which 35% were CT1, 40% were CT2, and 25% were CT3. 59% said that CT in psychiatry was their first training job in the UK. In the quantitative overview, 25% of the trainees responded their 1st contact with their ES was more than six weeks after beginning their 1st post, and 29% expressed their 1st meeting more than six weeks following the start of their 1st post in the academic year. 67% met adequate standards in the quantity of educational supervision in an academic year. In qualitative overview, 19% didn't understand the role of ES, and 54% didn't know how to raise concerns about ES. The thematic analysis of the feedback suggested points of improvement as supervisions not being ‘tick-box’ exercises and accessibility of ES.The trainer's perspective: 60% of attendees responded, 71.4% were ES. All the responding ES answered that they would arrange their 1st meeting six weeks before the start of the academic year. Almost all suggested the most common difficulty in educational supervision as availability of time, considering clinical workload for both ES and CTs. All respondents knew that the number of meetings would be as many as trainees wanted in an ideal/needful situation. From the thematic analysis of free text, almost all responded lack of time was a barrier in providing the supervision reflecting on their ability to engage with the trainees.ConclusionSuggested recommendations were to raise awareness among the trainees through workshops at induction to explain the aim and objective of educational supervision and to have a guided list of suggested topics to discuss in supervision. For trainers, further training about HEE & RCPsych guidance about Educational supervision would be helpful. Educational leads need to engage in job planning. A comparison between Trainees and trainers feedback through the GMC survey may help to compare with the national picture.
Quality Assurance of the ‘MRCPsych Course’ in Wales
Authors: Davies-Kabir Megan , Collins Ann , Walton Catherine 
Published: June 2022

AimsThe ‘MRCPsych Course’ (Membership of the Royal College of Psychiatrists) is provided to all core trainees in psychiatry in Wales by the School of Psychiatry, Health Education and Improvement Wales (HEIW), now delivered online since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims of the HEIW MRCPsych course are: to prepare core trainees for the MRCPsych exams and to set a ‘robust platform’ for speciality training at the higher level in psychiatry. We undertook a quality assurance of the 2020/21 academic year to see how content and delivery of the course were serving these aims and make recommendations for improvement.MethodsOver the course of one academic year we triangulated trainee feedback, lecturer feedback and peer review. Trainee and trainer feedback forms were sent out following every session. We developed standards and criteria for peer review and reviewed 10% of sessions. We conducted focus groups with trainees using mentimeter to structure a real time, anonymous interaction with parallel verbal and written discussions using a virtual meeting.ResultsTrainee feedback forms were received for 31 lectures from an average of 11 trainees per session. 14 Lecturer feedback forms were received, and 48 trainees attended the two focus groups. 15 hours of teaching underwent peer review.ConclusionLecture content was universally accurate and up to date and all teachers were fluent and engaging, with almost all incorporating research data, guidelines and inspiration for further learning.Several lecturer feedback forms requested a curriculum be provided. Some trainees requested a more exam focused approach with more MCQs.Trainees found online sessions more accessible and convenient. The major downside being that they no longer get to know each other and feel very anonymous, which makes peer support and interaction more difficult.Interactive engagement was the lowest scored domain overall. Interaction seemed to work best when done as a continuous process from the start and when a variety of techniques were engaged. Trainee's suggestions for increasing interactivity included quizzes, polls, breakout rooms, use of interactive tools, and a general encouragement of cameras and microphones on and active discussion throughout the session.Speakers had no problems using the technology to deliver an online session, this triangulated with their high confidence and high satisfaction reported by lectures with HEIW practical support. Trainees reported a high satisfaction with the quality of teaching on the course.Our conclusions have informed changes which are currently being implemented and tested.