bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implication of the order of blending and tuning when computing the genomic relationship matrix in single‐step GBLUP
Authors: McWhorter Taylor M. , Bermann Matias , Garcia Andre L. S. , Legarra Andrés , Aguilar Ignacio , Misztal Ignacy , Lourenco Daniela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSingle‐step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) relies on the combination of the genomic () and pedigree relationship matrices for all () and genotyped () animals. The procedure ensures and are compatible so that both matrices refer to the same genetic base (‘tuning’). Then is combined with a proportion of (‘blending’) to avoid singularity problems and to account for the polygenic component not accounted for by markers. This computational procedure has been implemented in the reverse order (blending before tuning) following the sequential research developments. However, blending before tuning may result in less optimal tuning because the blended matrix already contains a proportion of . In this study, the impact of ‘tuning before blending’ was compared with ‘blending before tuning’ on genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects and indirect predictions (IP) from ssGBLUP using American Angus Association and Holstein Association USA, Inc. data. Two slightly different tuning methods were used; one that adjusts the mean diagonals and off‐diagonals of to be similar to those in and another one that adjusts based on the average difference between all elements of and . Over 6 million Angus growth records and 5.9 million Holstein udder depth records were available. Genomic information was available on 51,478 Angus and 105,116 Holstein animals. Average realized relationship estimates among groups of animals were similar across scenarios. Scatterplots show that GEBV, SNP effects and IP did not noticeably change for all animals in the evaluation regardless of the order of computations and when using blending parameter of 0.05. Formulas were derived to determine the blending parameter that maximizes changes in the genomic relationship matrix and GEBV when changing the order of blending and tuning. Algebraically, the change is maximized when the blending parameter is equal to 0.5. Overall, tuning before blending, regardless of blending parameter used, had a negligible impact on genomic predictions and SNP effects in this study.
Upregulation of REG IV gene in human intestinal epithelial cells by lipopolysaccharide via downregulation of microRNA‐24
Authors: Takasawa Shin , Tsuchida Chikatsugu , Sakuramoto‐Tsuchida Sumiyo , Uchiyama Tomoko , Makino Mai , Yamauchi Akiyo , Itaya‐Hironaka Asako 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) reflects a balance between mucosal injury and reparative mechanisms. Some regenerating gene (Reg) family members (REG Iα, REG Iβ and REG IV) are expressed in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and involved as proliferative mucosal factors in IBD. We revealed that REG Iα and REG Iβ were induced in cell culture system by IL‐6/IL‐22. Although REG IV was upregulated in IBD biopsy samples, the upregulation of REG IV was not at all induced in cell culture by autoimmune‐related cytokines such as IL‐6, IL‐22 and TNFα. Here, we analysed REG IV expression in LS‐174 T and HT‐29 human intestinal epithelial cells by real‐time RT–PCR and elisa. REG IV expression was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). However, LPS did not activate REG IV promoter activity. As the LPS‐induced upregulation of REG IV was considered to be regulated post‐transcriptionally, we searched targeted microRNA (miR), which revealed that REG IV mRNA has a potential target sequence for miR‐24. We measured the miR‐24 level of LPS‐treated cells and found that the level was significantly lower. The LPS‐induced increase of REG IV mRNA was abolished by the introduction of miR‐24 mimic but not by non‐specific control RNA.
p53 as a unique target of action of cisplatin in acute leukaemia cells
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Tchounwou Paul B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) occurs in approximately 10% of acute myeloid leukaemia patients. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been for APL chemotherapy, but recently several ATO‐resistant cases have been reported worldwide. Cisplatin (CDDP) enhances the toxicity of ATO in ovarian, lung cancer, chronic myelogenous leukaemia, and HL‐60 cells. Hence, the goal of this study was to investigate a novel target of CDDP action in APL cells, as an alternate option for the treatment of ATO‐resistant APL patients. We applied biochemical, molecular, confocal microscopy and advanced gene editing (CRISPR‐Cas9) techniques to elucidate the novel target of CDDP action and its functional mechanism in APL cells. Our main findings revealed that CDDP activated p53 in APL cells through stress signals catalysed by ATM and ATR protein kinases, CHK1 and CHK2 phosphorylation at Ser 345 and Thr68 residues, and downregulation and dissociation of MDM2‐DAXX‐HAUSP complex. Our functional studies confirmed that CDDP‐induced repression of MDM2‐DAXX‐HAUSP complex was significantly reversed in both nutilin‐3‐treated KG1a and p53‐knockdown NB4 cells. Our findings also showed that CDDP stimulated an increased number of promyelocytes with dense granules, activated p53 expression, and downregulated MDM2 in liver and bone marrow of APL mice. Principal conclusion of our study highlights a novel mode of action of CDDP targeting p53 expression which may provide a basis for designing new anti‐leukaemic compounds for treatment of APL patients.
Effect of sub‐marginal instrumentation before surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis: A multi‐centre randomized clinical trial
Authors: Romandini Mario , Laforí Andreina , Pedrinaci Ignacio , Baima Giacomo , Ferrarotti Francesco , Lima Cristina , Paternó Holtzman Lucrezia , Aimetti Mario , Cordaro Luca , Sanz Mariano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe present multi‐centre randomized clinical trial with 12 months of follow‐up aimed at studying the added effect of sub‐marginal instrumentation before surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis.Materials and MethodsForty‐two patients diagnosed with peri‐implantitis were recruited. After a behavioural intervention phase including oral hygiene instructions, patients were randomized to either receiving supra‐ and sub‐marginal instrumentation on their affected implants (control group: 21 patients and 29 implants) or only supra‐marginal instrumentation (test group: 21 patients and 24 implants), before undergoing surgery. Changes in the deepest probing pocket depth (PPD) with respect to baseline and a composite outcome of treatment success (no implant loss, no bone loss > 0.5 mm, no bleeding or suppuration on probing [BoP/SoP], and PPD ≤ 5 mm) at the 12‐month examination were regarded as the primary outcomes of the trial.ResultsAt the 12‐month examination, changes in the deepest PPD with respect to baseline amounted to −2.96 mm in the control group and to −3.11 mm in the test one (MD = −0.16; SE = 0.56; p = .769), while 21.4% of the implants in the control group and 33.3% in the test group presented treatment success (OR = 1.83; SE = 1.15; p = .338). With the exception of a longer non‐surgical treatment duration in the control group (differences in = −14.29 min; SE = 2.91; p < .001), no other secondary (e.g., soft‐tissue recession, keratinized mucosa height, and bone level changes, as well as BoP, SoP, profuse bleeding and implant loss rates) or exploratory (i.e., early wound healing, aesthetics, surgical and total treatment duration, surgery difficulty, intra‐operative bleeding, and adverse events) outcome demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups.ConclusionsThe present multi‐centre randomized clinical trial did not demonstrate an added effect of performing sub‐marginal instrumentation 6 weeks before the surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis. Larger clinical trials are however needed to confirm the present findings (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03620331).
Probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry‐based rapid diagnosis of liver tumors
Authors: Hakoda Hiroyuki , Kiritani Sho , Kokudo Takashi , Yoshimura Kentaro , Iwano Tomohiko , Tanimoto Meguri , Ishizawa Takeaki , Arita Junichi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Kaneko Junichi , Takeda Sen , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and AimPrompt differential diagnosis of liver tumors is clinically important and sometimes difficult. A new diagnostic device that combines probe electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry (PESI‐MS) and machine learning may help provide the differential diagnosis of liver tumors.MethodsWe evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of this new PESI‐MS device using tissues obtained and stored from previous surgically resected specimens. The following cancer tissues (with collection dates): hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 2016–2019), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC, 2014–2019), and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM, 2014–2019) from patients who underwent hepatic resection were considered for use in this study. Non‐cancerous liver tissues (NL) taken from CRLM cases were also incorporated into the analysis. Each mass spectrum provided by PESI‐MS was tested using support vector machine, a type of machine learning, to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the device.ResultsIn this study, we used samples from 91 of 139 patients with HCC, all 24 ICC samples, and 103 of 202 CRLM samples; 80 NL from CRLM cases were also used. Each mass spectrum was obtained by PESI‐MS in a few minutes and was evaluated by machine learning. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the PESI‐MS device for discriminating HCC, ICC, and CRLM from among a mix of all three tumors and from NL were 98.9%, 98.1%, and 98.3%; 87.5%, 93.1%, and 92.6%; and 99.0%, 97.9%, and 98.3%, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that PESI‐MS and machine learning could discriminate liver tumors accurately and rapidly.
Liquid vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation: A disaster report of lipogranuloma
Authors: Abtahi‐Naeini Bahareh , Rastegarnasab Fereshte , Saffaei Ali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of vitamin E for Facial rejuvenation is a dangerous practice and is associated with potential local, and sometimes systemic and life‐threatening complications. Clinicians should be aware of complications induced by the injection of illegal products for tissue augmentation. Also, regulatory organizations should monitor illegal beauty centers and enact restrictive laws.Case PresentationHerein, we report a case of liquid vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation and development of facial persistent erythema and induration, treated with oral prednisolone, azathioprine, and minocycline. Also, we review the reported cases of vitamin E injection for cosmetic facial rejuvenation.ConclusionLipogranuloma is one of those complications of vitamin E injection for cosmetic rejuvenation. It mostly represents inflammation, edema, erythema, and tenderness. Since there was no standard treatment for this complication, the management of these patients is challenging. Patients who have undergone cosmetic interventions in illegal institutions are more likely to develop such complications including medical and psychological problems. Clinicians should be aware of these complications for the best diagnosis and treatment.
Natural results of scalp micropigmentation: A review
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Ho Yeh Hong , Manonukul Kotchamol 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundScalp micropigmentation has developed rapidly in recent years to the extent that it is now considered a major means of hair loss treatment along with medication and hair transplantation.AimsTo deliver correct information in terms of patients' curiosity regarding scalp micropigmentation and the most frequent complaints that doctors receive as well as to rectify misinformation.MethodsA review of the literature was performed, and information is herein presented on various scalp micropigmentation procedures, the authors' experiences in this area, and special tips to achieve a natural result.ResultsThe fundamental knowledge and proper techniques described in this article can aid in achieving more successful scalp micropigmentation results.ConclusionScalp micropigmentation is a widely used technique to camouflage various scalp scars and alopecia; therefore, it is important to be aware of the principles and skills necessary to achieve a natural result.
Lung perfusion disturbances in nonhospitalized post‐COVID with dyspnea—A magnetic resonance imaging feasibility study
Authors: Yu Jimmy Z. , Granberg Tobias , Shams Roya , Petersson Sven , Sköld Magnus , Nyrén Sven , Lundberg Johan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDyspnea is common after COVID‐19. Though the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, lung perfusion abnormalities could contribute to lingering dyspnea.ObjectivesTo detect pulmonary perfusion disturbances in nonhospitalized individuals with the post‐COVID condition and persistent dyspnea 4–13 months after the disease onset.MethodsIndividuals with dyspnea and matched healthy controls were recruited for dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI), a 6‐min walk test, and an assessment of dyspnea. The DCE‐MRI was quantified using two parametric values: mean time to peak (TTP) and TTP ratio, reflecting the total lung perfusion resistance and the fraction of lung with delayed perfusion, respectively.ResultsTwenty‐eight persons with persistent dyspnea (mean age 46.5 ± 8.0 years, 75% women) and 22 controls (mean age 44.1 ± 10.8 years, 73% women) were included. There was no systematic sex difference in dyspnea. The post‐COVID group had no focal perfusion deficits but had higher mean pulmonary TTP (0.43 ± 0.04 vs. 0.41 ± 0.03, p = 0.011) and TTP ratio (0.096 ± 0.052 vs. 0.068 ± 0.027, p = 0.032). Post‐COVID males had the highest mean TTP of 0.47 ± 0.02 and TTP ratio of 0.160 ± 0.039 compared to male controls and post‐COVID females (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Correlations between dyspnea and perfusion parameters were demonstrated in males (r = 0.83, p < 0.001 for mean TTP; r = 0.76, p = 0.003 for TTP ratio), but not in females.ConclusionsDCE‐MRI demonstrated late contrast bolus arrival in males with post‐COVID dyspnea, suggestive of primary vascular lesions or secondary effects of hypoxic vasoconstriction. Since this effect was not regularly observed in female patients, our findings suggest sex differences in the mechanisms underlying post‐COVID dyspnea, which warrants further investigation in dedicated trials.
Recording jaw relation of a pediatric patient with ectodermal dysplasia and complete anodontia using a digital mini arch tracer: A case report
Authors: Sun Manlin , Tan Xin , Zhang Na , Lou Yuxin , Wu Qin , Yu Haiyang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChildren with ectodermal dysplasia and complete anodontia experience difficulties in oral rehabilitation because of the small arch size. A case of a 7‐year‐old boy, whose arch size (length and width) was 30‐40% smaller than that of a male adult and who presented with difficulties in jaw relation recording using commercially available devices is described. A digital workflow involving a mini arch tracer was introduced. Primary impressions were made using three‐dimensionally (3D) printed mini trays produced based on the patient's computed tomography images, and digital primary casts were obtained based on the scanned and reversed primary impressions. The final custom impression trays with mini tracing plates were designed based on the primary casts. In addition, the hand shank, retention plate, and retainers were placed on the designed custom trays and 3D‐printed to produce an individual arch tracer system. In addition, two height‐checking buckles were designed to help adjust the height of a tracing screw. Finally, the jaw relation of the patient was recorded and transferred, and a set of complete dentures were delivered, satisfying both the patient and his family.
“A lot of them write how they speak”: policy, pedagogy and the policing of ‘nonstandard’ English
Authors: Snell Julia , Cushing Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational studies of talk‐intensive (or ‘dialogic’) pedagogies have demonstrated that children who experience academically challenging classroom discussion (‘dialogue’) make greater progress than their peers who have not had this experience. In England, gains in achievement have been greatest for pupils from less privileged socio‐economic backgrounds, thus underlining the importance of dialogue to social mobility. However, policy prescriptions on ‘standard English’ run counter to the principles of dialogic teaching by privileging ‘correct’ forms of expression over emerging ideas. In this article, we argue that schools can be coerced by macro‐level policy into creating meso‐level policies which police nonstandardised forms in the classroom with the assumption that this will improve literacy rates. We draw upon a corpus of Ofsted reports as well as data collected in primary schools – pupil writing and focus groups, video‐recorded literacy lessons and teacher interviews – to demonstrate that features of spoken dialect grammar occur infrequently in pupil writing, yet the narrative that spoken dialect is a ‘problem’ within education is driving policy/practice that is detrimental to classroom talk and pupil learning. We argue that this must be addressed urgently if we are to exploit the full potential of talk for learning and for addressing educational inequities.
Factors associated with hepatitis B and C among adults in Buea, Cameroon: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tazinkeng Nkengeh N. , Teuwafeu Denis G. , Asombang Akwi W. , Agbor Valirie N. , Bloom Seth M. , Nkhoma Alick N. , Mohareb Amir M. , Luma Henry N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionViral hepatitis is a major cause of death in Africa. A paucity of community‐based studies on the determinants of viral hepatitis in Africa impedes efforts to appropriately target prevention, screening, and treatment interventions. We assessed factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a semi‐urban health district in Cameroon.MethodsWe conducted a community‐based, cross‐sectional study from 28 February to 15 May 2021 in the Buea Health District in Buea, Cameroon. We recruited a sample of consenting individuals aged over 15 years old. Participants were surveyed for factors associated with HBV/HCV and were screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody using rapid point‐of‐care tests. We performed univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with HBsAg and HCV seropositivity.ResultsWe screened 1144 participants (66% female) with a median age of 30 years (IQR: 23–44). HBsAg prevalence was 5.7% (95%CI: 4.5–7.2%) and HCV seropositivity was 1.9% (95%CI: 1.3–2.9%). Three people (0.3%) were seropositive for both HBsAg and HCV antibody. Male sex (adjusted OR [aOR] = 2.31; 95%CI: 1.28–4.18) and a history of traditional operation or scarification (aOR = 2.87; 95%CI: 1.67–4.92) were associated with HBsAg. None of the assessed factors was significantly associated with HCV antibody.ConclusionMen and participants with a history of traditional operation and scarification had higher odds of HBsAg. We did not observe any associations with HCV seropositivity. Prevention and screening efforts among adults in this setting should prioritize men and those with a history of traditional operation and scarification.
Sublethal effects of a pyrethroid insecticide on cuticle thickness, wing size and shape in the main vector Triatoma infestans
Authors: Nattero Julieta , Mougabure‐Cueto Gastón , Gürtler Ricardo E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractExposure to sublethal doses of insecticide may affect biological traits in triatomines. We investigated the effects of toxicological phenotype (pyrethroid resistance status) and exposure to sublethal doses of deltamethrin on two traits of Triatoma infestans Klug (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) using a phenotypic plasticity experimental design. First‐instar nymphs from 14 and 10 full‐sib families from pyrethroid‐susceptible and pyrethroid‐resistant populations, respectively, were used. For the susceptible population, we treated first instars topically with acetone (control) or deltamethrin (treatment) once. For the resistant population, instars were treated once, twice and three times as first, third or fifth‐instar nymphs, respectively. We measured cuticle thickness, wing size and wing shape of 484 emerging adults, and tested for treatment effects using mixed ANOVA and MANOVA models. Toxicological phenotype, exposure to deltamethrin and full‐sib family exerted significant effects on cuticle thickness, wing size and wing shape. Adult triatomines previously treated with deltamethrin developed significantly thicker cuticles than control triatomines only in the resistant population and significantly bigger wings in both populations. Mean cuticle thickness and wing size increased with increasing exposures to deltamethrin. Exposure to sublethal doses of deltamethrin generated morphological modifications that may affect insect survival and flight dispersal, and hence may have evolutionary and epidemiological consequences.
Comparative cryogenic extraction rehydration experiments reveal isotope fractionation during root water uptake in Gramineae
Authors: Jiang Hanbing , Gu Huijie , Chen Hui , Sun Hongyong , Zhang Xiying , Liu Xiuwei 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Determining whether isotope fractionation occurs during root water uptake is a prerequisite for using stem or xylem water isotopes to trace water sources. However, it is unclear whether isotope fractionation occurs during root water uptake in gramineous crops.

We conducted prevalidation experiments to estimate the isotope measurement bias associated with cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD). Next, we assessed isotope fractionation during root water uptake in two common agronomic crops, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.), under flooding after postdrought stress conditions.

Cryogenic vacuum distillation caused significant depletion of 2H but negligible effects on 18O for both soil and stem water. Surprisingly CVD caused depletion of 2H and enrichment of 18O in root water. Stem and root water δ18O were more than soil water δ18O, even considering the uncertainty of CVD. Soil water 18O was depleted compared with irrigation water 18O in the pots with plants but enriched relative to irrigation water 18O in the pots without plants.

These results indicate that isotope fractionation occurred during wheat and maize root water uptake after full irrigation and led to a heavy isotope enrichment in stem water. Therefore, the xylem/stem water isotope approach widely used to trace water sources should be carefully evaluated.