bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-throughput discovery of plastid genes causing albino phenotypes in ornamental chimeric plants
Authors: Park Hyun-Seung , Jeon Jae-Hyeon , Cho Woohyeon , Lee Yeonjeong , Park Jee Young , Kim Jiseok , Park Young Sang , Koo Hyun Jo , Kang Jung Hwa , Lee Taek Joo , Kim Sang Hoon , Kim Jin-Baek , Kwon Hae-Yun , Kim Suk-Hwan , Paek Nam-Chon , Jang Geupil , Suh Jeong-Yong , Yang Tae-Jin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chimeric plants composed of green and albino tissues have great ornamental value. To unveil the functional genes responsible for albino phenotypes in chimeric plants, we inspected the complete plastid genomes (plastomes) in green and albino leaf tissues from 23 ornamental chimeric plants belonging to 20 species, including monocots, dicots, and gymnosperms. In nine chimeric plants, plastomes were identical between green and albino tissues. Meanwhile, another 14 chimeric plants were heteroplasmic, showing a mutation between green and albino tissues. We identified 14 different point mutations in eight functional plastid genes related to plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (rpo) or photosystems which caused albinism in the chimeric plants. Among them, 12 were deleterious mutations in the target genes, in which early termination appeared due to small deletion-mediated frameshift or single nucleotide substitution. Another was single nucleotide substitution in an intron of the ycf3 and the other was a missense mutation in coding region of the rpoC2 gene. We inspected chlorophyll structure, protein functional model of the rpoC2, and expression levels of the related genes in green and albino tissues of Reynoutria japonica. A single amino acid change, histidine-to-proline substitution, in the rpoC2 protein may destabilize the peripheral helix of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase, impairing the biosynthesis of the photosynthesis system in the albino tissue of R. japonica chimera plant.
A chromosome-level phased genome enabling allele-level studies in sweet orange: a case study on citrus Huanglongbing tolerance
Authors: Wu Bo , Yu Qibin , Deng Zhanao , Duan Yongping , Luo Feng , Gmitter Jr Frederick 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sweet orange originated from the introgressive hybridizations of pummelo and mandarin resulting in a highly heterozygous genome. How alleles from the two species cooperate in shaping sweet orange phenotypes under distinct circumstances is unknown. Here, we assembled a chromosome-level phased diploid Valencia sweet orange (DVS) genome with over 99.999% base accuracy and 99.2% gene annotation BUSCO completeness. DVS enables allele-level studies for sweet orange and other hybrids between pummelo and mandarin. We first configured an allele-aware transcriptomic profiling pipeline and applied it to 740 sweet orange transcriptomes. On average, 32.5% of genes have a significantly biased allelic expression in the transcriptomes. Different cultivars, transgenic lineages, tissues, development stages, and disease status all impacted allelic expressions and resulted in diversified allelic expression patterns in sweet orange, but particularly citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) shifted the allelic expression of hundreds of genes in leaves and calyx abscission zones. In addition, we detected allelic structural mutations in an HLB-tolerant mutant (T19) and a more sensitive mutant (T78) through long-read sequencing. The irradiation-induced structural mutations mostly involved double-strand breaks, while most spontaneous structural mutations were transposon insertions. In the mutants, most genes with significant allelic expression ratio alterations (≥1.5-fold) were directly affected by those structural mutations. In T19, alleles located at a translocated segment terminal were upregulated, including CsDnaJ, CsHSP17.4B, and CsCEBPZ. Their upregulation is inferred to keep phloem protein homeostasis under the stress from HLB and enable subsequent stress responses observed in T19. DVS will advance allelic level studies in citrus.
Infaunal and epifaunal secondary production in the Barents Sea, with focus on snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) prey resources and consumption
Authors: Holte Børge , Fuhrmann Mona M , Tandberg Anne Helene S , Hvingel Carsten , Hjelset Ann Merete 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince the first observation of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea in 1996, the population has increased significantly, supporting a commercial fishery on the Norwegian shelf since 2012. To investigate whether the availability of benthic prey organisms may support a continued geographical snow crab expansion, benthic invertebrate production was studied across the central parts of the Barents Sea and around Svalbard, where snow crabs are currently absent or at low densities. Annual productivity (P/B ratio) from 66 stations collected by grab and beam trawl was estimated using a multiparameter artificial neural network model. Mean infaunal productivity and production were 0.43 yr−1 and 38.4 g ww m−2 yr−1, respectively, while the epifaunal production was considerably lower with 2.5 g ww m−2 yr−1. The proportions of epi- and infaunal production suitable as prey for snow crab were 98 and 96%, respectively. Areas close to the Polar Front represent the most attractive snow crab foraging region, having the highest benthic secondary production, high estimated primary production, and bottom water temperatures within the snow crab’s preferences. At snow crab densities of 12800 ind. km−2, high enough to support commercial fishing, their mean consumption rate was estimated to be around 1.5 g ww m−2 yr−1, which amounts to 4% of mean infaunal prey production. Food availability is, therefore, not expected to be a hindrance to further population expansion of the snow crab in the Barents Sea.
Power and Need-for-Justification: Asymmetrical Effects on Senders and Receivers in Marketing Communications
Authors: Fan Linying (Sophie) , Rucker Derek D , Jiang Yuwei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This research reveals how a fundamental and pervasive psychological state, feeling powerful, asymmetrically impacts consumers’ construction of and response to communications. For senders, power reduces consumers’ need-for-justification and lowers the degree of support they seek and use to construct their communications. This lowered degree of support is evidenced by reduced information search, the use of fewer rational-based arguments, and a greater reliance on more concise language. In contrast, for receivers, power increases consumers’ expectations for others to justify their positions. As a result, high-power receivers require a greater degree of support in communications from others. Based on a need-for-justification mechanism, the current work derives and demonstrates theoretically driven boundary conditions (e.g., attenuation when a heightened need-for-justification or support already exists) of this relationship. Together, these results provide new insights into how power influences consumers’ need-for-justification and how this need affects the ways that consumers construct and respond to communications.
Conditions for high-resolution bistatic radar observations of Apophis in 2029
Authors: Vallejo Agustín , Zuluaga Jorge I , Chaparro Germán 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
On 2029 April 13, asteroid Apophis will pass within six times of the Earth's radius (∼31 000 km above the surface) in the closest approach of this asteroid in recorded history. This event provides unique scientific opportunities to study the asteroid, its orbit, and surface characteristics at an exceptionally close distance. In this paper, we perform a novel synthetic geometrical, geographical, and temporal analysis of the conditions under which the asteroid can be observed from the Earth with a particular emphasis on the conditions and scientific opportunities for bistatic radar observations, the most feasible radar technique applicable during such a close approach. For this purpose, we compile a list of present and future radio observatories or radio facilities around the globe, which could participate in bistatic radar observation campaigns during the close approach of Apophis. We estimate signal-to-noise ratios, apparent sky rotation, surface coverage, and other observing conditions. We find that a global collaboration of observatories across Australia, Africa, Europe, and America will produce high-resolution delay-Doppler radar images with signal-to-noise ratios above 108, while covering ∼85 per cent of the asteroid surface. Moreover, if properly coordinated, the extreme approach of the asteroid might allow for radio amateur detection of the signals sent by large radio observatories, and citizen science projects could then be organized. We also find that for visual observations, the Canary Islands will offer the best observing conditions during the closest approach, both for professionals as well as for amateurs. The apparent size of Apophis will be 2–3 times larger than typically seeing, allowing for resolved images of the surface.
Self-supervised clustering on image-subtracted data with deep-embedded self-organizing map
Authors: Mong Y-L , Ackley K , Killestein T L , Galloway D K , Vassallo C , Dyer M , Cutter R , Brown M J I , Lyman J , Ulaczyk K , Steeghs D , Dhillon V , O’Brien P , Ramsay G , Noysena K , Kotak R , Breton R , Nuttall L , Pallé E , Pollacco D , Thrane E , Awiphan S , Burhanudin U , Chote P , Chrimes A , Daw E , Duffy C , Eyles-Ferris R , Gompertz B P , Heikkilä T , Irawati P , Kennedy M , Levan A , Littlefair S , Makrygianni L , Marsh T , Sánchez D Mata , Mattila S , Maund J R , McCormac J , Mkrtichian D , Mullaney J , Rol E , Sawangwit U , Stanway E , Starling R , Strøm P , Tooke S , Wiersema K 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Developing an effective automatic classifier to separate genuine sources from artifacts is essential for transient follow-ups in wide-field optical surveys. The identification of transient detections from the subtraction artifacts after the image differencing process is a key step in such classifiers, known as real-bogus classification problem. We apply a self-supervised machine learning model, the deep-embedded self-organizing map (DESOM) to this ‘real-bogus’ classification problem. DESOM combines an autoencoder and a self-organizing map to perform clustering in order to distinguish between real and bogus detections, based on their dimensionality-reduced representations. We use 32 × 32 normalized detection thumbnails as the input of DESOM. We demonstrate different model training approaches, and find that our best DESOM classifier shows a missed detection rate of $6.6{{\ \rm per\,cent}}$ with a false-positive rate of $1.5{{\ \rm per\,cent}}$. DESOM offers a more nuanced way to fine-tune the decision boundary identifying likely real detections when used in combination with other types of classifiers, e.g. built on neural networks or decision trees. We also discuss other potential usages of DESOM and its limitations.
Distribution of gamma-ray bursts on the T90–HR plane and their classification revisited
Authors: Zhang Liang , Luo Juan-Juan , Huang Yong-Feng , Gong Yu-Jun , Wu Sheng 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Using four mixed bivariate distributions (Normal distribution, Skew-Normal distribution, Student distribution, Skew-Student distribution) and bootstrap re-sampling analysis. We analyse the samples of CGRO/BATSE, Swift/BAT, and Fermi/GBM gamma-ray bursts in detail on the T90–HR (Hardness Ratio) plane. The Bayesian information criterion is used to judge the goodness of fit for each sample, comprehensively. It is found that all the three samples show a symmetric (either Normal or Student) distribution. It is also found that the existence of three classes of gamma-ray bursts is preferred by the three samples, but the strength of this preference varies with the sample size: when the sample size of the data set is larger, the preference of three classes scheme becomes weaker. Therefore, the appearance of an intermediate class may be caused by a small sample size and the possibility that there are only two classes of gamma-ray bursts still cannot be expelled yet. A further bootstrap re-sampling analysis also confirms this result.
A tale of a tail: a tidally disrupting ultra-diffuse galaxy in the M81 group
Authors: Žemaitis Rokas , Ferguson Annette M N , Okamoto Sakurako , Cuillandre Jean-Charles , Stone Connor J , Arimoto Nobuo , Irwin Mike J 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of a giant tidal tail of stars associated with F8D1, the closest known example of an ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG). F8D1 sits in a region of the sky heavily contaminated by Galactic cirrus and has been poorly studied since its discovery two decades ago. The tidal feature was revealed in a deep map of resolved red giant branch stars constructed using data from our Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey of the M81 Group. It has an average surface brightness of μg ∼ 32 mag arcsec−2 and can be traced for over a degree on the sky (60 kpc at the distance of F8D1) with our current imagery. We revisit the main body properties of F8D1 using deep multiband imagery acquired with MegaCam on CFHT and measure effective radii of 1.7–1.9 kpc, central surface brightnesses of 24.7–25.7 mag, and a stellar mass of ∼7 × 107M⊙. Assuming a symmetric feature on the other side of the galaxy, we calculate that 30–36 per cent of F8D1’s present-day luminosity is contained in the tail. We argue that the most likely origin of F8D1’s disruption is a recent close passage to M81, which would have stripped its gas and quenched its star formation. As the only UDG that has so far been studied to such faint surface brightness depths, the unveiling of F8D1’s tidal disruption is important. It leaves open the possibility that many other UDGs could be the result of similar processes, with the most telling signatures of this lurking below current detection limits.
Metabolic acidosis is undertreated and underdiagnosed: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Whitlock Reid H , Ferguson Thomas W , Komenda Paul , Rigatto Claudio , Collister David , Bohm Clara , Reaven Nancy L , Funk Susan E , Tangri Navdeep 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Guidelines recommend treatment of metabolic acidosis (MA) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the diagnosis and treatment rates in real-world settings are unknown. We investigated the frequency of MA treatment and diagnosis in patients with CKD.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, we examined administrative health data from two US databases [Optum's de-identified Integrated Claims + Clinical Electronic Health Record Database (US EMR cohort; 1 January 2007 to 30 June 2019) and Symphony Health Solutions IDV® (US claims cohort; 1 May 2016 to 30 April 2019)] and population-level databases from Manitoba, Canada (1 April 2006 to 31 March 2018). Patients who met laboratory criteria indicative of CKD and chronic MA were included: two consecutive estimated glomerular filtration results &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and two serum bicarbonate results 12 to &lt;22 mEq/L over 28–365 days. Outcomes included treatment of MA (defined as a prescription for oral sodium bicarbonate) and a diagnosis of MA (defined using administrative records). Outcomes were assessed over a 3-year period (1 year pre-index, 2 years post-index).

Results
A total of 96 184 patients were included: US EMR, 6179; Manitoba, 3223; US Claims, 86 782. Sodium bicarbonate treatment was prescribed for 17.6%, 8.7% and 15.3% of patients, and a diagnosis was found for 44.7%, 20.9% and 20.9% of patients, for the US EMR, Manitoba and US Claims cohorts, respectively.

Conclusions
This analysis of 96 184 patients with laboratory-confirmed MA from three independent cohorts of patients with CKD and MA highlights an important diagnosis and treatment gap for this disease-modifying complication.
Subclinical cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease is associated with frailty and reduced quality of life
Authors: Greinert Robin , Greinert Daniel , Eger Anna-Lena , Ripoll Cristina , Girndt Matthias 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Cognitive impairment (CI) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is highly prevalent and is associated with multiple limitations to patients as well as a higher mortality, more days of hospitalisation and a lower quality of life. Frailty in CKD is associated with adverse health outcomes and is also highly prevalent. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of CI and relate the findings to frailty, mobility, muscle strength and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Methods
Non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 3–5 were prospectively evaluated for inclusion. Excluded were patients with other cognitive disorders, signs of overt uraemic encephalopathy, severe infection and hyponatraemia. All patients underwent psychometric testing (five different tests): assessments of mobility, strength and frailty and an evaluation of HRQOL. Based on the number of pathological psychometric test results, we established two different definitions of CI: subclinical uraemic encephalopathy 1 (SUE1: one pathological test) and subclinical uraemic encephalopathy 2 (SUE2: two or more pathological test results).

Results
Sixty-two patients were included [median age 66 years (interquartile range 57–75), male 55%]. Most patients had CKD stage 3 (48%; stage 4: 32%; stage 5: 19%). CI was highly prevalent (SUE1: 60%; SUE2: 42%) and associated with a higher risk of falls (pathological tandem gait test; SUE1: 50% versus 16%, P = .023; SUE2: 69% versus 15%, P = .001), lower muscle strength (SUE2-pathological: 39% versus 7%, P = .008), frailty (SUE1: 59% versus 28%, P = .038; SUE2: 67% versus 33%, P = .028) and HRQOL.

Conclusion
CI is highly prevalent in non-dialysis CKD patients. Even mild CI is associated with decreased mobility, muscle strength and HRQOL and increased frailty.
What Cigarillo Companies are Putting on Instagram: A Content Analysis of Swisher Sweets’ Marketing from 2013 to 2020
Authors: Cornacchione Ross Jennifer , Lazard Allison J , Hedrick McKenzie Ashley , Reffner Collins Meredith K , Sutfin Erin L 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionTobacco marketing includes text and visual content, which conveys important meaning to consumers and influences use. Little is known about the marketing tactics used by a popular brand of cigarillos on social media to promote their products, including their visual design.MethodsA content analysis was conducted to analyze text and visuals for all posts on Swisher Sweets’ official Instagram account from Jan 23, 2013 to Feb 28, 2020. We assessed product depictions (e.g. warnings, smoking cues), presence of FDA-prohibited or potentially misleading claims (e.g. lower risk, organic), marketing tactics (e.g. celebrities, selling propositions), flavors, and demographic representation.ResultsWe coded 1402 posts. Smoking cues (e.g. images of people smoking, product imagery) were in 764 posts (54.5%), and a warning appeared in 690 (49.2%) posts, but obscured in 29.4% of those instances (n = 203). No posts included FDA-prohibited claims, but some potentially misleading language was identified, including the use of words or visual depictions of smooth (n = 254, 18.1%) and quality/well-made (n = 239, 17%). Marketing tactics such as scarcity (n = 159, 11.3%), event promotion (n = 586, 41.8%), and alcohol depictions (n = 171, 12.2%) were common, and flavor names appeared in 598 posts (42.7%). People depicted were often young adults (n = 709, 50.6%), Black/African American (n = 549, 39.2%), and in groups (n = 473, 33.7%).ConclusionsBoth text and visuals are used to market Swisher Sweets on their Instagram account. Using social images of young adults, especially Black individuals, signals the intended use of the product. These images of visual-based social media may influence appeal, glamorization, and normalization of cigarillo smoking among vulnerable populations.ImplicationsTobacco marketing, including from popular cigarillo brands like Swisher Sweets, is widely used to influence consumer perceptions and behavior. Social media marketing includes text and visual, both of which increase product appeal and encourage use. Visual-based social media from the industry itself have been understudied, particularly for cigarillos. This study characterizes the ways in which Swisher Sweets uses text and visuals to market their products through their Instagram account, including smoking cues, potentially misleading language, use of celebrity endorsers, and promotion and sponsorship of events.
A Baker's Dozen of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications for Hospitalized Patients in 2021
Authors: Marx Ashley H , Cluck David , Green Sarah B , Anderson Daniel T , Stover Kayla R , Chastain Daniel B , Covington Elizabeth W , Jones Bruce M , Lantz Evan , Rausch Ethan , Tu Patrick J Y , Wagner Jamie L , White Cyle , Bland Christopher M , Bookstaver P Brandon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Keeping abreast of the antimicrobial stewardship–related articles published each year is challenging. The Southeastern Research Group Endeavor (SERGE-45) identified antimicrobial stewardship–related, peer-reviewed literature that detailed an “actionable” intervention among hospitalized populations during 2021. The top 13 publications were selected using a modified Delphi technique. These manuscripts were reviewed to highlight “actionable” interventions used by antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitalized populations to capture potentially effective strategies for local implementation.
What’s Observed in a Rating?
Authors: Esposito Elena , Stark David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ratings and rankings are criticized for being simplistic, obscurantist, inaccurate, and subjective, yet they are becoming an increasingly influential social form. The authors elaborate the criticisms of ratings and rankings in various fields but go on to argue that analysis should shift its target. The problem that ratings deal with is not observation of an independent world. Instead, the challenge they face is the circularity of second-order observation in which observations must take into account the observations of others. To this purpose they function well enough not because they mirror how things are but because they offer a highly visible reference point to which others are attentive and thereby provide an orientation to navigate uncertainty. The concluding section places the problem of ratings and rankings in a broader historical perspective contrasting the ranked society to the society of rankings. Responding to uncertainty, ratings and rankings perpetuate rather than eliminate anxiety.
Trademarks
Authors: Chestek Pamela 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter deals with trademarks. Trademarks play a significant role in the FOSS ecosystem — while copyrights and patents are freely shared in FOSS licensing, trademarks are not. Free and open source software projects can, and therefore generally do, exercise their exclusive rights under trademark law. To that end, this chapter covers the basics of trademark law. Next, it provides background on the types of goods and services one typically finds associated with FOSS projects, and discusses an aspect of trademark law that is fairly unique to FOSS, the role of community engagement. Theories for the lawful use of another’s trademark are next examined. Finally, the chapter closes with a discussion of various ways a trademark owner might try to undo the FOSS license using trademark law as the vehicle since copyright is largely unavailable.