bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of metabolic syndrome among type two diabetic patients following diabetic clinic of Arba Minch General hospital, southern Ethiopia- a case-control study
Authors: Abebe Getachew , Fikadu Teshale , Hailu Tadiwos , Temesgen Rodas 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
cardiovascular disease and early death. Globally, 70–80% of diabetic patient develop metabolic syndrome Comprehensive knowledge about risk factors for metabolic syndrome are essential to decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases and improve the quality of life for diabetic patient. Thus, this study aims to determine predictors of metabolic syndrome among type two diabetic patients. This study aims to identify determinants of metabolic syndrome among type two diabetic patients.Methods: Institutional based unmatched case-control study was conducted. 204 systematically selected study participants were involved. Data was collected using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify determinants of metabolic syndrome using STAT version 16. Result: The probability of being female was 3.4 times higher among cases than controls as compared to being male [AOR=3.35, 95% CI (1.28, 8.73)]. The odds of being a rural dweller were 2 times higher among cases than controls as compared to rural dwellers [AOR = 3.10, 95% CI (1.27, 7.624)]. The likelihood being government employment was 4.4 times higher among cases than controls as compared to self-employed [AOR= 4.39, 95% CI ((1.28, 14.97)]. The odds of being obese were 2.7 times higher among cases than controls as compared to normal body mass index [AOR= 2.72, 95% CI ((1.03, 7.17)].Conclusion: -our study indicated that sex, residence, occupation, and body mass index were found to be determinants of metabolic syndrome. Organizations who work in diabetic mellitus and health professionals should focus on these factors in their efforts to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among diabetics.
Targeting MDC1 promotes apoptosis and sensitizes Imatinib resistance in CML cells by mainly disrupting non-homologous end-joining repair
Authors: Liang Yang , Qin Yuefeng , Jiang Guoyun , Feng Wenli , Yuan Ying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The first-line drug Imatinib (IM) has achieved a curative effect in most chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, but drug resistance remains a problem. More alternative therapeutic strategies need to explore. In recent years, targeting dysregulated DNA repair mechanisms provided promising options for CML treatment. We discovered the versatile MDC1 interacted with γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in the early stage of the DNA damage response of cells. MDC1 was over-expressed in CML cell lines and patients’ BMMCs. By knocking down MDC1, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways were mainly inhibited, leading to an intense accumulation of unrepaired intracellular DNA damage and an apparent cell apoptosis promotion. Notably, targeting MDC1 further enhanced drug sensitivity in IM-resistant CML cells. Our work demonstrated that MDC1 is a prospective target for CML treatment through regulating DNA damage repair mechanism, and also an alternative option to cope with the current IM resistance dilemma. This study extends the understanding of regulating dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms for cancer treatment.
The human right to safely give birth: Data from 193 countries show that gender equality does affect maternal mortality.
Authors: Bagade Tanmay , Chojenta Catherine , Harris Melissa L , Oldmeadow Christopher , Loxton Deborah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background While a reduction in the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) has slowed, newer strategies are needed to achieve an ongoing and sustainable reduction of the MMR. Previous studies have investigated the association between health system-related factors such as wealth inequalities, healthcare access and use on maternal mortality. However, a women’s rights-based approach to address MMR has not been studied, excluding the health system-related factors. This study aimed to analyse the association between gender equality and MMR globally.Methods Using structural equation modelling (SEM), secondary and open access data from the United Nations and other international agencies from 193 countries were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Gender-sensitive variables that represented the theoretical, conceptual framework of the study were selected. The association between latent variable gender equality and the outcome, MMR, was examined in the SEM. A second SEM model (n=158) was designed to include two variables related to gender-based violence.Findings Out of 521 gender-sensitive variables, we used 11 variables to estimate two models in SEM (Goodness of Fit Index=0‧929 for Model 1 and 0‧939 for Model 2). The latent variable, gender equality, was negatively associated with MMR (p<0‧001, Z=–6‧96, 95% CI: –6508.98 to –3141.89 for Model 1 and p<0‧001, Z=–7‧23, 95% CI: –6045.356 to –3467.515 for Model 2).Interpretation Gender equality was significantly associated with maternal mortality. Investing in higher education for women, improving their paid employment opportunities, increasing participation in leadership roles and politics, reducing intimate partner violence (IPV) and ending child marriage can significantly reduce maternal mortality.
Cardiovascular disease risk prediction models in Chinese population- A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhiting Guo , Jiaying Tang , Haiying Han , Yuping Zhang , Qunfei Yu , Jingfen Jin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: There is an increasing prevalence of CVDs in China which represented the top leading cause of mortality. It is critical to know that precise CVDs risk identification is the fundamental prevention component. This study sought to systematically review the Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) risk prediction models derived and(or) validated in Chinese population to promote CVD primary prevention. Methods: Reports were included if they derived or validated one or more CVDs risk prediction models in the Chinese. Pubmed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database et al. were searched. Risk of bias was conducted with PROBAST (Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool). Meta-analysis was performed in R using the package metamisc. Results: From 55183 records, 22 studies were included. Twelve studies derived 18 CVDs risk prediction models, of which seven models were derived based on multicenter cohort including more than two provinces of mainland China, one was model developed based on New Zealand cohort including Chinese. The number of predictors was from 6 to 22. The definitions of predicted outcomes showed considerable heterogeneity. Fourteen articles described 29 validations of 8 models. The Framingham model, the Pooled Cohorts Equations (PCEs) were the most frequently validated foreign tools. Discrimination was acceptable and similar for males and females among models (0.60-0.83). Calibration estimates changed substantially from one population to another. China-PAR showed good calibration [Observed/Expected events ratio=0.99, 95%PI (0.57,1.70)] and female [1.10, 95%PI (0.23,5.16)]. Conclusions: Several models developed or validated in Chinese population. The usefulness of most of the models remains unclear due to incomplete external validation and head-to-head comparison. Future research should focus on externally validating or tailoring these models to local settings.Trail registration: This systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42021277453).
Breathing against suicidal ideation: factors of suicidal attempts in nursing home residents under COVID-19
Authors: TIAN Yinong , ZHANG Dan , SU Yonggang , ZHANG Shuai 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Suicide ideation is sweeping through the older population. As COVID-19 forced nursing homes to implement the severest restrictions, nursing home residents are particularly at risk of suicide ideation due to several interrelated factors. Methods: This qualitative study investigated the protective and risk factors for suicide among nursing home residents as well as their strategies for suicide prevention under the lockdown of COVID-19. A total of ten semi-structured interviews were carried out. Thereafter, we analyzed the interview content following a thematic approach.Results: The experiences of ten nursing home residents with suicidal ideation were classified into three categories, nine sub-themes and twenty seven theme clusters. The three categories included: (a) protective factors for suicide prevention, (b) risk factors for suicide attempts, and (c) strategies for suicide prevention. These factors and strategies were found to be correlated with their suicide ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: Factors and strategies influencing suicide ideation and attempts among nursing home residents displayed some new issues and problems under COVID-19. These factors will help both nursing home staff and other health-care providers to understand their life of nursing home residents who have suicide ideation and suicide attempts and improve intervention strategies.
Screening of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Diagnostic Markers based on Immune-related Genes and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Zhang Chun , Suo Lingge , Dai Wanwei , Qin Xuejiao , Li Guanlin , Zhang Di , Cheng Tian , Yao Taikang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) continues to be a poorly understood disease. Performing bioinformatics analyses of optic nerve (ON) and trabecular meshwork (TM) gene expression data in order to further elucidate the immune-related genes of POAG and identify candidate target genes for treatment.METHODS. We performed a gene analysis of publicly available microarray data, namely, the GSE27276-GPL2507, GSE2378-GPL8300, GSE9944-GPL8300, GSE9944-GPL571 datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The obtained datasets were used as input for parallel pathway analyses. Based on Random Forest and Support vector machine (SVM) analysis to screen the key genes, significantly changed pathways were clustered into functional categories and the results were further investigated. CIBERSORT was used to evaluate infiltration of immune cells in POAG tissues. A network visualizing the differences between the POAG and normal was created. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape database. We divided the differential mRNA into up-regulated and down-regulated groups, and predicted the drug targeting of the differential genes through the Connectivity Map (CMap) database.RESULTS. A total of 49 differentially expressed genes, including 19 downregulated genes and 30 upregulated genes, were detected. Five genes (KRT14, HBB, ACOX2, HEPH and KRT13) were significantly changed. The results showed that the expression profiles of drug disturbances such as avrainvillamide-analysis-3, cytochalasin-D, NPI-2358, oxymethylone and vinorelbine were negatively correlated with the expression profiles of disease disturbances. It indicated that these drugs may reduce or even reverse the POAG disease state.CONCLUSION. This study provides an overview of the processes involved in the molecular pathogenesis of POAG in the ON and TM. The findings provide a new understanding of the molecular mechanism of POAG from the perspective of immunology.
Resource Management Algorithm of Mobile Edge Computing Based on User Movement Prediction
Authors: Ren Jin , Zhang Jing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In view of the uncertainty of users in the process of moving , how to effectively predict and connect stable edge servers (ESs) has become the key to solve the problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) algorithm based on Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) to predict user mobility. Firstly, the ESs with computing resources are placed on the edge or node of the network, while ensuring that the battery energy of the user is sufficient. Secondly , in the process of user motion, the motion state space, estimation model and prediction model are introduced to the distributed execution of UKF. Finally, the proposed method obtains the best prediction scheme by comparing the common prediction user mobility with the linear Kalman filter prediction user mobility. The simulation results show that the proposed method greatly improves the success rate of the task.
Tooth whitening with an experimental toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
Authors: Shang Ren , Kaisarly Dalia , Kunzelmann Karl-Heinz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the postbrushing tooth-whitening effect of toothpaste containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nano-HAPs). The impact of the concentration on the whitening performance of nano-HAP toothpaste was also investigated. MethodsTwo concentrations of nano-HAP (10 wt% and 1 wt%) were incorporated in nonabrasive toothpastes. Forty bovine incisors were randomly assigned into four groups: 10 wt% nano-HAP, 1 wt% nano-HAP, toothpaste without nano-HAP as a negative control and water as a blank control. Each tooth was treated with the toothpaste three times and hydrodynamic shear force (HSF) once. The nano-HAP-treated enamel was observed by SEM after each application. Tooth color (L*, a* and b* values) was measured by a spectrophotometer, and color changes (△E, △L, △a and △b values) were calculated. Two-way mixed ANOVA was performed to evaluate the influence of the concentration and repeated application on the tooth-whitening effect of nano-HAP. ResultsWe found that nano-HAP-treated enamel exhibited higher L* values and lower a* and b* values than the control groups (P<0.05). The 10 wt% nano-HAP group showed significantly higher △E values than the 1 wt% nano-HAP group (P<0.05). After three applications, the △E mean value of the 10 wt% nano-HAP group was 4.47. The △E and △L values were slightly reduced after HSF (P<0.05). For both nano-HAP groups, HAP single crystallites and agglomerates were identified, and their sizes grew with nano-HAP reapplication.Conclusion In conclusion, nano-HAP toothpaste has a satisfying postbrushing whitening effect and good resistance to mechanical forces. The whitening effect seemed to be concentration-dependent.
Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics in liver transplant patients after switching to once-daily dosing
Authors: Park Jangho , Lee Kwang-Woong , Oh Seung Cheol , Park Min Young , Lee Jeong-Moo , Hong Su Young , Hong Suk Kyun , Choi YoungRok , Yi Nam-Joon , Suh Kyung-Suk 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The effects of multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1), ABCC2, and P450 oxidoreductase (POR)*28 gene polymorphisms on tacrolimus metabolism following a switch to once-daily dosing have not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of recipient and donor CYP3A5, MDR1, ABCC2, and POR*28 polymorphisms on tacrolimus pharmacokinetics following a switch to once-daily tacrolimus dosing.Methods: Eighty-seven liver transplant recipients who were switched from twice- to once-daily tacrolimus dosing following living-donor liver transplantation and 81 matched donors were genotyped for CYP3A5, MDR1 (1236C>T, 2677G>T/A, and 3435C>T), ABCC2 (-24C>T, 1249G>A, and 3972C>T), and POR*28. Tacrolimus dose-adjusted trough levels (C0/dose) before and after the switch were determined and calculated based on past medical records. Recipients were divided into two groups, one group constituted of 38 patients with a C0/dose decrease of less than 30% following conversion (group 1) and the other constituted of 49 patients with a C0/dose decrease of ≥30% (group 2).Results: CYP3A5 *1/*3 and *3/*3 were more frequent in recipients in group 1 (60.5% vs. 36.8%), while CYP3A5 *1/*1 was more frequent in group 2 (59.2% vs. 32.7%) (p = 0.016). The proportions of donor ABCC2 1249G>A genotypes AA and AG were higher in group 2 than in group 1 (20.4% vs. 5.3%; p = 0.042). Conclusion: Recipient CYP3A5 polymorphism and donor ABCC2 1249G>A polymorphism affected tacrolimus pharmacokinetics following the switch to once-daily dosing. Dose adjustment to maintain therapeutic tacrolimus levels following the switch to once-daily dosing should be considered based on polymorphisms in both the recipient and donor.
Selecting aggressiveness to improve biological control agents efficiency
Authors: Royer Pierre , Dumont François , Provost Caroline , Lucas Éric 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In agroecosystems, omnivorous predators are recognized as potential biological control agents because of the numerous species pest species they prey on. Nonetheless, it could be possible to enhance their efficiency through artificial selection on traits of economical or ecological relevance. Aggressiveness is expected to be related to zoophagy, diet preferences and to a higher attack rate. The study aimed to assess the aggressiveness degree of the damsel bug, Nabis americoferus, and estimate its heritability. We hypothesized that a high aggressiveness degree can be selected, and that males are more aggressive than females. Using artificial selection, we reared two separate populations, each composed of nine genetically isolated lines characterized by their different aggressiveness degree (aggressive, docile and non-selected). After five generations, we had efficiently selected aggressive behavior. The realized heritability was 0.16 (± 0.04 S.E.) and 0.27 (± 0.1 S.E.) for aggressiveness and docility in the first population. It was 0.25 (± 0.03) and 0.23 (± 0.08 S.E.) for the second population. Males were more aggressive than females only for the second population. The potential of these individuals as biological control agents and the ecological consequences of aggressiveness is discussed.
The Crosstalk between Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and Macrophages in Tumour Microenvironments, and Its Effects on Inflammasome Activation and Pro- Inflammatory Cytokine Levels
Authors: Chan Wan Ling Elaine , Sivam Hariss G Paremes , Chin Beek Yoke , Gan Sook Yee , Ng Jia Hao , Gwenhure Agnes 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Acute and persistent inflammation plays an important role in the establishment and progression of the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Modified macrophages, tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) are key contributors to the survival, growth, and metastatic behaviour of the PDAC cells, by interacting with them. Central to the role of inflammation and TAMs, lies the NLRP3 inflammasome. The crosstalk between PDAC cells and TAMs has been postulated to regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome activity and the subsequent associated inflammation in the tumour microenvironment, which, in turn affects the crosstalk and the survival, proliferation and metastatic potential of PDAC cells. This study investigated the effects of LPS-stimulated inflammation on cell proliferation, levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in a co-culture model using PDAC cells and macrophages, in the with or without MCC950, a NLRP3 specific inhibitor.Methods: The effects of LPS-stimulated inflammation were tested on two PDAC cell lines (Panc 10.05 and SW 1990) co-cultured with RAW 264.7 macrophages. Cell proliferation was determined using the MTT assay. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Western blot analyses were used to examine the expression of NLRP3 in both PDAC cells and macrophages.Results: The crosstalk between PDAC cell lines and macrophages under LPS-stimulation led to pro-inflammatory microenvironment, as evidenced by high levels of secreted IL-1β and TNF-α. The crosstalk was also responsible for regulating the NLRP3 expression in both PDAC cells and macrophages as well as promoting PDAC cell proliferation. Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950, counteracted the effects of LPS-stimulation on the crosstalk. However, MCC950 differentially modified the viability of the metastatic vs primary PDAC cells lines. Conclusion: The stimulation by LPS increased PDAC cells viability by modulating the crosstalk between PDAC cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages (in a co-culture model) that results in the activation of NLRP inflammasome. The specific inhibition of NLRP inflammasome by MCC950 effectively counteracted the LPS-stimulated inflammation.
AntigenB drives M1/M2 polarization following Echinococcus granulosus infection in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Bao Jianling , Qi Wenjing , Sun Chang , Tian Mengxiao , Jiao Hongjie , Guo Gang , Guo Baoping , Ren Yuan , Zheng Huanjun , Wang Yuezhu , Yan Mei , Zhang Zhaoxia , McManus Donald P. , Li Jun , Zhang Wenbao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic disease characterised by inflammation-related epithelial barrier damage in the intestinal tract. Helminth infection may reduce autoimmune disease symptoms through regulation of inflammatory responses based on hygiene theory. However, the underpinning mechanisms remain unclear.
Methods
In this study, we examined the influence of E. granulosus (E. g) infection on murine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The mice were challenged with 3.5% DSS in the drinking water for 7 days at 100 days post-E.g infection. Weight change and disease activity index (DAI) were evaluated each day, and colon length and histological score (HS) were evaluated after sacrifice. To determine whether Antigen B (AgB, which is the major component of E. granulosus hydatid fluid) has an effect on the symptoms/signs of IBD, we injected AgB into the mouse peritoneal cavity, the steps mentioned above were repeated, and the markers of macrophages in the peritoneal lavage fluid and colon were measured by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Then, the genomic DNA from the faeces of mice was sequenced by the MiSeq 300PE sequencing platform. Furthermore, AgB was added to the culture medium of the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line before intervention with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, NO in the supernatant was tested, and cytokines associated with macrophages were determined by quantitative (q)RT-PCR.
Results
We found that the symptoms of IBD improved significantly in the E.g infection group. AgB significantly reduced the symptoms of IBD induced by DSS. AgB intervention reduced iNO levels and increased Fizzl expression in the colon, as shown by qRT-PCR. The same result was obtained from flow cytometry. The microbiota of the gastrointestinal duct changed after AgB intervention in IBD mice. In vitro, AgB reversed NO and M1 cytokine expression in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS.
Conclusions
AgB played the most important roles, inducing an M2-predominant cellular (F4/80 + and CD206+) profile and decreasing type 1 macrophages (F4/80 + CD11c+) in the intestinal lamina propria. In addition, AgB intervention also changed the microbiota condition of the gastrointestinal duct and reversed NO expression. Thus, AgB is a potential target for IBD treatment.