bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement of white‐tailed deer in contrasting landscapes influences management of chronic wasting disease
Authors: Jennelle Christopher S. , Walter W. David , Crawford Joanne , Rosenberry Christopher S. , Wallingford Bret D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractChronic wasting disease (CWD) continues to expand in distribution and prevalence across North America. Upon detection, either for the first time in a novel area or in a region with an existing outbreak, wildlife management agencies are tasked with responding to mitigate the disease. This response often entails creation or modification of a management zone with modified rules and regulations that support an agency's disease management plan. To guide the process of creating an appropriately sized CWD management zone, assuming that wild deer movements are a major risk factor for disease spread, we used data from global positioning system (GPS)‐collared white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in southeastern Minnesota and southcentral Pennsylvania, USA, between 2018 and 2021 to estimate long‐distance movements associated with dispersal and migratory behaviors. These contrasting study areas with active CWD outbreaks permitted an evaluation of deer movement dynamics in different parts of their range. We quantified the proportion, distribution, timing, and orientation of dispersing and migratory deer. We observed 21% of female and 58% of male yearlings disperse from their apparent natal home range in Minnesota, while in Pennsylvania 4% of female and 68% of male yearlings dispersed. We also documented 20% of females and 6% of males migrated between seasonal home ranges in Minnesota, while in Pennsylvania no females and 5% of males migrated. The average distance deer dispersed or migrated in Minnesota was 20 km and 11 km, respectively, while in Pennsylvania male deer dispersed only about 4 km. Both sexes in Minnesota tended to disperse in a consistent, westerly direction; however, there was no directional preference observed for migratory deer or for dispersing deer in Pennsylvania. We found differences between natal and adult home range size for both sexes in Minnesota but not for males in Pennsylvania. Our results identify the considerable variability in dispersal and migration dynamics of white‐tailed deer in disparate landscapes, which is important to agencies managing CWD. We summarize the distribution of these movements and suggest agencies use this information to help make decisions about optimal management zone size. We suggest the development of formalized assessments of the tradeoffs associated with optimizing decisions about creation of CWD management zones across white‐tailed deer populations that exhibit variation in dispersal behavior and suggest careful evaluation to avoid using an arbitrary size or shape to create disease management zones.
Generation of predictive models for oxidative degradation kinetics of dapagliflozin with the applications of DOE and stability indicating HPLC method
Authors: Bodiwala Kunjan B. , Shah Jaldhi , Sureja Dipen K. , Dhameliya Tejas M. , Khadela Avinash 
Published: September 2022

AbstractApplying kinetics principles to drug degradation studies helps in determine the expiration dates of drugs and formulations. An accurate, precise and sensitive stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated to study the degradation kinetics of Dapagliflozin (DGZ). DGZ was degraded under different stress conditions and degraded samples were chromatographed on C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column, separated using solvent system acetonitrile and 0.01% triethylamine solution (pH 5 adjusted with orthophosphoric acid) in a ratio of 70:30 v/v and detected at 270 nm. The design of experiments (DOEs) was applied to study the degradation kinetics of DGZ in the oxidative medium. The effect of temperature and concentration of H2O2 on the order of reaction and % degradation was studied at three levels using a full factorial design. The linearity range for DGZ was 1–60 µg/mL (correlation coefficient = 0.9996) with an average recovery of 99.98%. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) for DGZ were 0.07 and 0.22 µg/mL, respectively. Degradation of DGZ in the oxidative medium was found to follow first‐order kinetics. Contour plots have been generated to predict the degradation rate constant and % degradation of DGZ in different combinations of temperature and concentration of H2O2 using Design Expert software (Trial version).
Wetland ecosystem health improvement from ecological conservation and restoration offset the decline from socio‐economic development
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Cui Lijuan , Guo Ziliang , Wang Daan , Zhang Manyin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn response to wetland degradation due to socio‐economic development, attention to ecological conservation and restoration is increasing globally. In China, more than 1100 wetland conservation and restoration projects were implemented over the past decade. However, the net effects of socio‐economic development and ecological conservation and restoration on ecosystem health have received little empirical examination. We analyzed the spatial–temporal dynamics of ecosystem health in Hengshui Lake Wetland Nature Reserve in northern China, and demonstrated the dual effect of the above‐mentioned factors on ecosystem health. The results indicated that ecosystem health increase due to conservation and restoration offset the decrease due to socio‐economic development, which resulted in a significant increase in the net value by 34.6% over the past 19 years. Wetland conservation and restoration dominated ecosystem health improvement in most study regions, while population growth determined the decrease in ecosystem health in residential regions and transportation land, thus intensifying the spatial heterogeneity. Crucially, targeted and practical conservation strategies have been provided according to the low index and regions, together with its main driving factors. The net effects, spatial heterogeneity and management strategies revealed by this case‐study provide critical implications for large‐scale wetland ecosystems that are pervasive degradation induced by socio‐economic development.
Fostering the use of Learning Health Systems through a fellowship program for interprofessional clinicians
Authors: Dushyanthen Sathana , Perrier Meg , Chapman Wendy , Layton Meredith , Lyons Kayley 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo address Australian workforce needs, we developed a Learning Healthcare System (LHS) Academy fellowship program for clinicians. In the Academy, fellows complete foundational coursework, an LHS project, and other professional development deliverables to foster their future as digital health champions within their organizations. In this paper, we describe the 11‐month‐long program, as well as our evaluation results from the first 2 months of the program.MethodsIn the first week of the program, we sent all fellows an open‐ended survey asking fellows to describe their digital health professional identities and what they expected to achieve from the fellowship program. At 2 months, we sent a follow‐up open‐ended survey that captured identical measures, their perceived barriers to participation in the program, perceived use of topics in the workplace and to their projects, and recommendations for program improvement. We analyzed the open text responses using qualitative content analysis, to identify categories of responses.ResultsOverall, 2 months into the program, it was evident that participants were finding the teaching model engaging, useful, valuable, and applicable to their work and projects. Fellows perceived barriers to engagement in the program as balancing other commitments, lacking technical expertise, and having difficulty seeing themselves as leaders. Fellows expected that the program will allow them to implement new models of care, provide them with enough expertise to become leaders and champions in digital health, and become mentors for future generations. As far as changes in their professional identity, there was a notable increase in the number of fellows perceiving themselves as leaders.ConclusionFellowship programs are one promising means of developing the healthcare workforce in LHS capabilities. Future studies should describe and evaluate LHS programs, to provide insights and recommendations for other educators interested in implementing similar programs of work within their own institutions.
In Situ Spontaneous Fabrication of Tough and Stretchable Polyurethane‐Polyethyleneimine Hydrogels Selectively Triggered by CO2
Authors: Song Minju , Choi Kangho , Choi Inseong , Han Soo‐Kyung , Ryu Young‐Hyun , Oh Do‐Hyun , Ahn Guk‐Young , Choi Sung‐Wook 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCO2‐triggered in situ hydrogels is developed from waterborne poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐based polyurethane (PU) dispersion and aqueous polyethyleneimine (PEI) solution without any other chemicals and apparatus (e.g., UV light). In the approach, nontoxic CO2 in air is used as a selective trigger for the hydrogel formation. CO2 adsorption onto PEI results in the formation of ammonium cations in PEI and the subsequent multiple ionic crosslinking between PU and PEI chains. Besides the amount of CO2 in air, the rate of hydrogel formation can be controlled by NaHCO3 in the PU–PEI mixture, which serves as a CO2 supplier. The PU hydrogels exhibit tough and stretchable properties with high tensile strength (2.05 MPa) and elongation at break (438.24%), as well as biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition, the PU hydrogels exhibit high adhesion strength on skin and injectability due to the in situ formation. It is believed that these PU hydrogels have the ideal features for various future applications, such as tissue adhesion barriers, wound dressing, artificial skin, and injectable fillers.
Therapeutic potential of the novel Bcl‐2/Bcl‐XL dual inhibitor, APG1252, alone or in combination against non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Qian Luxi , Vallega Karin A. , Yao Weilong , Wang Dongsheng , Zhai Yifan , He Xia , Sun Shi‐Yong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTargeting the induction of apoptosis is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy with some clinical success. This study focused on evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of the novel Bcl‐2/Bcl‐XL dual inhibitor, APG1252‐M1 (also named APG‐1244; an in vivo active metabolite of APG1252 or pelcitoclax), as a single agent or in combination, against non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. APG1252‐M1 effectively decreased the survival of some NSCLC cell lines expressing low levels of Mcl‐1 and induced apoptosis. Overexpression of ectopic Mcl‐1 in the sensitive cells substantially compromised APG1252‐M1's cell‐killing effects, whereas inhibition of Mcl‐1 greatly sensitized insensitive cell lines to APG1252‐M1, indicating the critical role of Mcl‐1 levels in impacting cell response to APG1252‐M1. Moreover, APG1252‐M1, when combined with the third generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, osimertinib, synergistically decreased the survival of EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cell lines including those resistant to osimertinib with enhanced induction of apoptosis and abrogated emergence of acquired resistance to osimertinib. Importantly, the combination was effective in inhibiting the growth of osimertinib‐resistant tumors in vivo. Collectively, these results demonstrate the efficacy of APG1252 alone or in combination against human NSCLC cells.
Phenotyping suicidal ideation and behavior: Comparing clinical characteristics and future suicide attempts between suicidal subtypes in two clinical samples
Authors: Spangenberg Lena , Friedrich Michael , Forkmann Thomas , Hallensleben Nina , Schönfelder Antje , Rath Dajana , Paashaus Laura , Teismann Tobias , Glaesmer Heide 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo further validate the concept of suicidal subtypes distinguished by indicators of suicidal thinking and behavior with regard to clinical characteristics and past and future suicide attempts.MethodsPsychiatric inpatients were assessed (study 1: ecological momentary assessments in 74 depressed inpatients with suicidal ideation; study 2: clinical assessments in 224 inpatients after a suicide attempt and over a 12‐month follow‐up period). Subtypes were identified using latent profile analysis (based on indicators of real‐time suicide ideation) and latent class analysis (based on features of past suicide ideation and suicide attempt characteristics). Comparisons between subtypes included clinical characteristics (depression, suicidal ideation, trait impulsivity, childhood trauma) as well as past (study 1) and future (study 2) suicide attempts.ResultsSuicidal subtypes emerged that are characterized by suicidal ideation means and stability and features of past suicidal behavior (four in study 1, three in study 2). The subtypes differed in terms of depression/suicidal ideation, but not in terms of trait impulsivity/childhood trauma. Although not significant, the subtypes “high‐stable” and “low‐moderate stable” reported multiple re‐attempts more frequently during follow‐up than the “low‐stable” subtype in study 2.ConclusionDifferences in clinical variables (and by trend in future suicide attempts) clearly point to the clinical relevance of suicidal subtypes (with variability of suicidal thoughts playing a particularly important role).
The relationship between pre‐ and postprostatectomy measures of pelvic floor muscle function and development of early incontinence after surgery
Authors: Stafford Ryan E. , Doorbar‐Baptist Stuart , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study is to investigate (i) whether pelvic floor muscle (PFM) shortening can be enhanced by provision of training focused on striated urethral sphincter (SUS) with feedback before prostatectomy, (ii) whether PFM shortening during voluntary efforts and coughing before and after prostatectomy differs between men who do and do not report symptoms of urinary incontinence 1 month after prostatectomy, and (iii) the relationship between severity of incontinence after prostatectomy and features of pelvic floor function (muscle shortening) and urethral length before and after prostatectomy.MethodsSixty men referred for preoperative PFM training before radical prostatectomy participated. The International Continence Society Male Short Form questionnaire was used to quantify continence status. Transperineal ultrasound (US) imaging was used to record pelvic displacements related to activation of striated urethral sphincter, bulbocavernosus (BC) and puborectalis muscles during cough, “natural” voluntary contraction following pamphlet instruction, and trained voluntary contraction after formal physiotherapist instruction including US feedback.ResultsPelvic floor displacements following training differed between continent and incontinent men; continent participants demonstrated increased SUS shortening after training (compared with “natural”), but no difference was observed between trained and “natural” contractions for incontinent participants. Motion at ano‐rectal junction during cough was reduced following surgery, but voluntary and involuntary activation of SUS or BC was not consistently affected by surgery.ConclusionsParticipants' capacity to improve function of the SUS with training appears related to postprostatectomy continence outcome.
SUFU white paper on overactive bladder anticholinergic medications and dementia risk
Authors: Zillioux Jacqueline , Welk Blayne , Suskind Anne M. , Gormley E. Ann , Goldman Howard B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsAnticholinergic medications are widely used in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), as well as for short‐term treatment of bladder symptoms following a variety of urologic surgeries. Mounting evidence points to an association between anticholinergic medications and the increased risk of incident dementia. The Society for Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine, and Urogenital Reconstruction (SUFU) thus convened a committee of subject experts to contextualize the current understanding of the cognitive risks of anticholinergic medications in the urologic patient population and to provide practical clinical guidance on this subject.MethodsStatements are based on an expert literature review and the committee's opinion. The document has been reviewed and approved by the SUFU board.ResultsChronic use (>3 months) of OAB anticholinergic medications is likely associated with an increased risk of new‐onset dementia. Short‐term (<4 weeks) use of most OAB anticholinergic medications is likely safe in most individuals. Clinicians should consider potential cognitive risks in all patient populations when prescribing OAB anticholinergics for chronic use. Consideration should be given to progressing to advanced therapy (botulinum toxin or neuromodulation) earlier in the OAB treatment paradigmConclusionsThe current body of literature supports a likely small but significant increased risk of dementia with chronic exposure to OAB anticholinergic medications. Potential harms should be balanced against potential quality of life improvement with treatment.
On the limitations of low‐rank approximations in contact mechanics problems
Authors: Kollepara Kiran Sagar , Navarro‐Jiménez José M. , Le Guennec Yves , Silva Luisa , Aguado José V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTypical strategies for reducing the computational cost of contact mechanics models use low‐rank approximations. The underlying hypothesis is the existence of a low‐dimensional subspace for the displacement field and a non‐negative low‐dimensional subcone for the contact pressure. However, given the local nature of contact, it seems natural to wonder whether low‐rank approximations are a good fit for contact mechanics or not. In this article, we investigate some of their limitations and provide numerical evidence showing that contact pressure is linearly inseparable in many practical cases. To this end, we consider various mechanical problems involving nonadhesive frictionless contacts and analyze the performance of the low‐rank models in terms of three different criteria, namely, compactness, generalization, and specificity.
Enhanced crystallization of poly(lactic acid) bioplastics by a green and facile approach using liquid poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Lai Wei‐Chi , Liu Li‐Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) bioplastics have attracted increasing attention from both academic and industrial researchers due to their biomass‐derived nature and low toxicity for the human body and environment. A major drawback of PLA is slow crystallization during processing, which considerably limits its commercial applications. In this study, a simple and low‐cost approach involving the addition of eco‐friendly low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; 400 g/mole) as a green solvent was developed to enhance the PLA crystallization process. Differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy data revealed that the introduction of PEG into PLA considerably increased the PLA crystallization rate. In particular, the isothermal crystallization rate of a system with a PLA/PEG mass ratio of 70/30 was more than seven times greater than that of neat PLA. In addition, the miscibility, thermal properties, and microstructures of various PLA/PEG blends were determined. A substantial reduction in the equilibrium melting temperature of PLA after PEG addition confirmed that these polymer blends were thermodynamically miscible in the melt, which strongly influenced the PLA crystallization rate. Furthermore, the addition of PEG increased the regularity of PLA crystals and induced the formation of ring‐banded PLA spherulites with periodic twisted lamellae.
Effects of pressure on the cross‐linking behavior of hyaluronic acid‐functionalized boric acid cross‐linked poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels
Authors: Hu Feng , Lu Hailin , Wu Changlei , Xu Guangshen , Shao Zhonglei , Gao Li 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith their excellent properties, hydrogels have attracted much attention for their potential application. However, it is still necessary to study the influencing factors of the hydrogel preparation process and its self‐healing mechanism. In this paper, the preparation method of boric acid (BA) cross‐linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel appeared to become studied in order to explore the effect of pressure in the cross‐linking process. Associated with, PVA and HA were combined, and then the mixture was cross‐linked with BA to produce BA‐PVA/HA hydrogel. The state of the hydrogel after cross‐linking was transformed after centrifugal pressure method, and its performance was analyzed experimentally. Compared with the BA‐PVA/HA hydrogel without centrifugal supercharging, the hydrogel after centrifugation has lower water content and lubricating effect, and the surface hardness is improved at the same time. In addition, the BA‐PVA/HA hydrogel has no external stimulation at room temperature, can also self‐heal quickly have based on hydrogen bonds, and has good recyclability. These results indicate that adding centrifugation steps in the preparation of BA‐PVA/HA hydrogels could properly switch the state of the hydrogels, which is expected to provide a certain research basis for the preparation and application of hydrogels.
In‐situ exfoliation and thermal conductivity in phase‐transition‐assisted melt blending fabrication of low‐density polyethylene/expanded graphite nanocomposite
Authors: Yin Xiaochun , Jie Xi , Wei Kesai , He Guangjian , Feng Yanhong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExpanded graphite (EG) exhibits excellent thermal property, high specific surface area, and large aspect ratio, which show promise for fabricating polymer composites with high thermal conductivity. However, the wormlike structure of EG makes it difficult to be exfoliated and dispersed in polymer matrix. To meet this challenge, herein, a one‐step melt mixing strategy based on the phase‐transition‐assisted in‐situ exfoliation is developed to fabricate EG‐low density polyethylene composites with high thermal conductivity. SEM images and WAXD analyses showed that the internal force generated by phase transition makes EG to be quickly exfoliated and dispersed in melts within 8 min. POM images and DSC results suggested that the exfoliated EG can introduce heterogeneous nucleation to LDPE macromolecules and improve the crystallinity of composites. Moreover, the EG‐LDPE composites prepared by this strategy have a thermal conductivity of 0.715 Wm−1 K−1 with the loading of 5 wt. % EG. This value exceeds the composites prepared by regular melt mixing, achieving the enhancement efficiency of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). This strategy has great potential in preparing polymer composites with high thermal conductivity.