bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A better quality of high-speed software encoder for an aerogenerator-based PMSM machine
Authors: Elnaggar Mohamed F , Flah Aymen , Kaana Mohamed , Mourad Dina 
Published: January 2025

Wind energy systems are based on a synchronous machine, which can support a high-speed rotation case due to possible high wind coming speeds. The machines used are affiliated with permanent magnet machines, and it seems that when the speed becomes high, speed detection can be difficult if a software application is adapted. This difficulty appears when the high speeds come, as the motor temperature will increase, which can influence motor parameters, especially the stator resistance. This will influence the proposed speed software estimator robustness. The proposed high-speed estimator algorithm is based on the model reference adaptive system MRAS estimation method, which can be used for motor speed estimation. The proposed MRAS concept was based on the reactive power model, which ensures the robustness of the estimator in facing any possible stator resistance variation, even at very high speeds. This MRAS estimator was tuned by the particle optimization algorithm to avoid the regulator parameter identification problem. So, this concept was modelled and mathematically defined, and then tested by implementation on the Matlab tool and on a real machine prototype which can operate a high-speed rotated load. The stability analysis of the overall speed encoder is also shown in various speed regions, and practice lab application is presented and discussed to show the success of the proposed high-speed control scheme. The results were depicted under 42000 rpm (eq to 600 Hz), and the proposed speed estimator demonstrated good behavior, and a lesser estimator error was evaluated at 50 Hz as the maximum speed error.
Understanding Consumer Interpretation of Common Lighting Metrics and Packaging
Authors: Hathaway Nicole 
Published: January 2025

As lighting technology has advanced, the packaging of consumer products has changed. Anecdotally, this has led to confusion in the lighting aisle (or internet browser) when consumers are making their purchase decisions. Now, LED technology and manufacturers are positioned to incorporate even more features into their products as a means to improve product performance, consumer satisfaction and the sustained use of LED solutions—all of which will help increase environmental benefits and electricity savings.
Outcomes of Revision Cartilage Restoration Surgery for Failed Primary Treatment of Chondral or Osteochondral Defects of the Knee: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kunze Kyle N. , Persaud Steven , Briano Juan , Rodeo Scott A. , Warren Russell F. , Wickiewicz Thomas L. , Williams Riley J. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Failure of primary cartilage restoration procedures of the knee that proceed to necessitating revision cartilage procedures represent a challenging clinical scenario with variable outcomes reported in previous literature. Purpose: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical outcomes and adverse events after revision cartilage restoration procedures of the knee for failed primary cartilage procedures. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The PubMed, OVID/MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases were queried in August 2023 for trials reporting on the outcomes of revision cartilage restoration procedures of the knee. Information pertaining to rates of failure, reoperations, graft-related complications, and patient-reported outcome measures were extracted. A meta-analysis using inverse-variance proportion models using Freeman-Tukey double-arcsine transformations and DerSimonian-Laird random-effects estimators was constructed to quantitatively describe the cumulative incidence of adverse events. Results: Sixteen studies (1361 patients; mean age, 35.7 ± 9.3 years) were included. The most frequently performed revision cartilage procedure was autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI; n = 755 [55.5%]). The overall rate of failure was 25.1% (95% CI, 14.4%-37.3%) at a mean 6.5 years (range, 2-26 years). The majority of studies (n = 9) reported a failure rate exceeding 20%. A significant reduction in failure was observed in favor of the revision osteochondral allograft cohort (19.0% [75/395] vs 35.7% [273/764]; relative risk, 0.63; P < .0001) compared with the revision ACI cohort. The pooled all-cause reoperation event rate was 40.8%, which ranged between 18.2% and 71.4% (13 studies). Of these studies, 12 reported reoperation rates exceeding 20%, and 7 reported rates exceeding 40%. The pooled graft-related complication event rate was 27.2%, which ranged between 5.4% and 56.6% (11 studies). Notably, all analyses demonstrated considerable or moderate heterogeneity, potentially influencing the observed variability in pooled effect estimates. Conclusion: One of every 4 patients may experience a secondary failure after undergoing a revision cartilage procedure. Revision using an osteochondral allograft may confer a meaningful reduction in the risk of failure relative to revision using ACI. High rates of graft-related complications and reoperations are also frequently observed in this population, highlighting the challenge of treating patients with failed primary treatment of chondral or osteochondral defects of the knee.
Down-regulation of E2F1 attenuates UVB-induced human lens epithelial cell oxidative stress and pyroptosis through inhibiting NLRP3
Authors: Wang Fang , Yang Fan , Yang Guiqi , Zhou Qi , Lv Hongbin 
Published: January 2025

Background It is well-known that ultraviolet B (UVB) causes cataracts by inducing pyroptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human lens epithelial cells (HLECs). The transcription factor E2F1 (E2F1) serves as a positive regulator of disrupted pathways involved in histone modification and cell cycle regulation. However, its function in UVB-treated HLECs remains unknown. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the function of E2F1 in UVB-treated HLECs, with a particular focus on its interaction with NLRP3 and its impact on oxidative stress and pyroptosis. Research Design: HLECs were irradiated with UVB, and cell damage was assessed using CCK-8, ROS, and pyroptosis detection. The interaction between E2F1 and NLRP3 was confirmed using Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Study Sample: The study was conducted using UVB-treated HLECs. Data Collection and/or Analysis Collected data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results Our results show that HLECs were much more susceptible to oxidative stress, pyroptosis, and E2F1 in response to UVB-irradiation, but that E2F1 down-regulation effectively counteracted these effects. E2F1 was then suggested as a potential NLRP3 transcription factor by bioinformatics studies. At the same time, luciferase and CHIP assays showed that E2F1 could bind to the NLRP3 promoter and enhance NLRP3 transcription. In addition, the protective effects of si-E2F1 against oxidative stress and pyroptosis in HLECs are counteracted by overexpressing NLRP3. Conclusions All of the above provided the possibility to demonstrate that E2F1 plays a crucial role in regulating oxidative stress and pyroptosis in UVB-induced HLECs through inhibiting NLRP3, and it promotes oxidative stress-induced pyroptosis by suppressing NLRP3 expression.
Patient privacy investigation in the emergency departments in teaching hospitals
Authors: Enayati Rangbar Ghorbanabadi Mohammad , Mirzaei Samaneh , Bagherabadi Mehdi , Nasiriani Khadijeh 
Published: January 2025

Background Patient privacy is important as one of the most principle components of quality healthcare and safe care. In teaching hospital emergency rooms, it is a challenge for staff to respect for privacy. Research aim Recognizing the importance of this issue, this study aims to assess the privacy status of patients in emergency departments. Research design This study employs a cross-sectional design. Participants and research context This study was conducted in patients of the four emergency departments of the teaching hospitals. 426 patients completed the demographic and clinical profile, as well as a privacy questionnaire, in four teaching hospitals selected based on quota sampling after obtaining informed consent. The data were analyzed with SPSS 26 and independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA. Ethical considerations This study was approved by the ethical committee and the designated authority within hospitals. Findings According to the findings, the majority of the respondents were married (65.05%), with a diploma level (30.25%), self-employed (37.5%), and female (50/50%). The most frequent hospitalizations were also for internal emergencies (45.1%), night shifts (42.3%), and workdays (63.8%), with mean age of 41.78 (years and a duration of hospitalization of 6.34 hours). The patient privacy score in the emergency department was 67.61 ± 13.30 and in the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual/religious dimensions was reported as 3.31 ± 15.37, 6.97 ± 36.72, and 6.18 ± 15.50, respectively. The patient privacy showed a significant difference by type of emergency, number of beds, and nurses to bed ratio ( p = .001). Conclusions Based on the results of the study, as the level of patient privacy was average for patients, in order to increase patient trust and improve the services provided, it is suggested that more focus be placed on structural changes, the development of guidelines, training in medical and nursing ethics, and the establishment of hospital ethics committees.
Aucubin Regulates Allergic Airway Inflammation in Ovalbumin-induced Allergic Asthma in Mice by Controlling Th2 Cytokines
Authors: Li Lisha , Yang Xiaoping , Cai Zhuo , Yin Bin , Jiang Wenqing 
Published: January 2025

Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, leading to excessive production of mucus and an inflammatory condition of the lungs. The primary clinical manifestations of asthma comprise thoracic constriction, coughing, wheezing, and dyspnea. Purpose The present work was designed to examine the therapeutic effects of aucubin in treating ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in mice via suppressing inflammatory responses. Methods The aucubin-induced RAW 264.7 cell viability was assessed using the MTT test. The inflammatory cytokine levels in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells were analyzed using kits. The inflammatory cell levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the asthma-induced mice were assessed microscopically. The Th2 cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), immunoglobulin E (IgE), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were assessed using assay kits. The amounts of the oxidative stress parameters were examined using kits. The lung tissues of the experimental mice underwent histological examination. Results The present work reveals that the aucubin treatment has no cytotoxic effect on RAW 264.7 cell growth. Furthermore, it decreased the nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the LPS-induced cells. In addition, the treatment of aucubin in mice with OVA-induced asthma led to decreased T helper (Th)2 cytokine levels and inflammatory cell counts. The aucubin treatment was observed to reduce IgE and inflammatory markers, leading to the relief of airway inflammation. Furthermore, the aucubin treatment resulted in a decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and NO levels, while simultaneously elevating the antioxidant levels in the OVA-induced mice. The histopathological study revealed the therapeutic effects of aucubin on asthmatic mice. Conclusion The present results demonstrate the efficacy of aucubin in mitigating the asthmatic condition in OVA-induced mice, making it a promising therapeutic candidate to treat asthma.
AusPATH: Activism influencing health policy
Authors: Spencer Jillian , Clarke Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Objective To consider the role of AusPATH and its position statements on health policy in Australia. Conclusions As a consequence of a membership policy which admits members with lived experience as health experts, AusPATH functions as an activist organisation whilst claiming to be a professional association. There is no accreditation or endorsement underpinning AusPATH’s influence on health policy in Australia. Its role as an activist organisation is demonstrated by a lack of caution in its position statements, which are misleading in circumstances where accurate information has been long available. The considerable influence of AusPATH on health policy in Australia needs to be reconsidered, as well as RANZCP Position Statement 62 which provides insufficient guidance upon balancing research and clinical knowledge, as well as medical ethics, with voices of lived experience.
Could Maladaptive Daydreaming Delay ADHD Diagnosis Until Adulthood? Clinical Characteristics of Adults With ADHD Based on Diagnosis Age
Authors: Kandeğer Ali , Güler Hasan Ali , Özaltın Münise Seda , Bayırlı Ömer , Söylemez Hacer , Yıldız Elif , Semerci Bengi 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Our study aimed to compare the sociodemographic, diagnostic, clinical, and self-report scale data of adults diagnosed with ADHD in childhood/adolescence versus adulthood and to identify risk factors associated with delayed/missed diagnosis for ADHD. Method: Sociodemographic, clinical, and diagnostic data of 214 adults with ADHD, followed at the Adult Neurodevelopmental Disorders Clinic, Selçuk University, between January 2022 and January 2024, were analyzed. The diagnostic evaluations were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Clinician Version. Clinical data included age, gender, years of education, alcohol/substance use, diagnosis age, and current medication use for ADHD. Data collected from self-report scales included both ADHD-related measurements and comorbidity-related measurements. Results: The findings revealed that only 34.4% ( n = 74) of sample received a formal ADHD diagnosis during childhood/adolescence. Adults diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood were older and had higher education levels, more severe ADHD symptoms, and increased maladaptive daydreaming (MD) scores, compared to those diagnosed in childhood or adolescence. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the severity of MD was associated with being in the group diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood while controlling for other significant parameters from bivariate analyses, such as age, years of education, and current medication use for ADHD. Finally, analyses conducted separately in both groups showed that: (1) increased MD severity was a predictor of higher ADHD symptoms in those diagnosed in adulthood, but not in those diagnosed in childhood/adolescence, and (2) MD severity had a stronger correlation with ADHD symptoms, the number of comorbid psychiatric disorders, and symptoms of excessive mind wandering, depression, and anxiety in those diagnosed in adulthood compared to those diagnosed in childhood/adolescence. Conclusion: MD may delay ADHD diagnosis until adulthood by masking and compensating ADHD symptoms and delay in referral to mental health professionals, and it might also be a predictive symptom for recognizing ADHD in adults who have never been diagnosed; however, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this.
Spherical periacetabular osteotomy via para-sartorial intermuscular approach with bikini incision for patients with acetabular dysplasia: surgical technique and preliminary results
Authors: Nishiwaki Toru , Hara Toshihiko , Kaneuji Ayumi , Takahashi Eiji 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study introduces a new technique, spherical periacetabular osteotomy (SPO), performed via a para-sartorial intermuscular (PSIM) approach with a bikini incision, aiming to optimise the benefits of SPO, including preservation of muscles and providing cosmetic advantages. Methods: Overall, 57 joints of 52 patients (mean age 36 ± 17 years) underwent SPO via the PSIM approach. Preoperative osteoarthritis was classified according to Tönnis grade, with 34 and 23 hips categorised as grades 0 and 1, respectively. Results: The modified Harris Hip Scores significantly improved from 75 ± 10 to 96 ± 8 points at 6 months postoperatively. The lateral centre-edge angle improved from 6 ± 8° preoperatively to 30 ± 8° postoperatively, with a mean correctional angle of 24 ± 9°. Paresthetica of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve occurred in 7 joints (12.3%) 3 months postoperatively. All cases except 1 achieved bone union within 3 months, and a nonunion case required additional surgery. Conclusions: Although the long-term results are not yet available, SPO via the PSIM approach demonstrates promising outcomes without significant complications. Furthermore, using the PSIM approach with a bikini incision has the advantages of muscle preservation and excellent cosmesis, which are delighted for young patients.
Hydroxyapatite-coated total primary hip replacement: 28-year follow-up survivorship
Authors: Fa-Binefa Manel , Serra Julia , Moya Esther , Crusi Xavier , Gich-Saladich Ignasi , Valera Marius 
Published: January 2025

Background: Survival at 25 years’ follow-up for total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been reported at 5%–77%, with hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, due to its osteo-conductive properties, used to enhance implant fixation and survival. The progressive increase in life expectancy raises doubts regarding HA-coated THA survival and THA revision surgery risk. The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyse survival for primary uncemented fully HA-coated THA after 28 years’ follow-up. Methods: Our cohort survival study of the JRI Furlong HA-coated system retrospectively included patients aged 18–75 years who had undergone THA between 1992 and 1998 at our centre and who were followed up according to clinical records by orthopaedic surgeons to 2022. Data on THA revision surgery and its causes, follow-up, and death were analysed using Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression modelling. Results: The cohort included 196 patients (268 hips) followed up to a maximum of 27.5 years (mean 15.54 (SD 6.01) years) with 62 patients (88 hips) >25 years. THA revision surgery was performed in 7.5% of cases, occurring a mean of 11.1 years following primary surgery. Aseptic loosening accounted for 4.4% of these revisions, affecting both the acetabular component (2.2%) and the femoral stem (1.3%). THA survival at 15 years’, 20 years’, and 27.5 years’ follow-up was 95.5%, 88.3%, and 79.3%, respectively. According to the log-rank and Cox regression analysis, no significant relationships were found. Conclusions: Furlong HA-coated stem provides excellent long-term bone fixation for a long-term follow-up over 27.5 years with an aseptic loosening stem revision rate of 1.3%.
Skin Picking Disorder: A Canadian Retrospective Study of 83 Patients
Authors: Deschênes Louis , Veillette Hélène 
Published: January 2025

Background: Skin picking disorder (SPD) is classified as a primary psychodermatologic disorder, in which lesions are self-induced. It is frequently encountered by dermatologists, but the management is still a source of discomfort for the majority. Objectives: The first objective is to determine the characteristics of the SPD patients in our centre: the demographics, the psychiatric comorbidities, clinical and histopathological characteristics of SPD patients, treatments and follow-up. The second objective is to demonstrate the need for education in the dermatologic community. Methods: We retrieved and described cases of SPD from January 2011 to December 2022. All inpatients were evaluated at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec – Université Laval. Qualitative and quantitative data on SPD were collected. Results: The sample comprised 83 patients, with a mean age of 62 years, and a bimodal distribution. 63.8% were female and lesions were most frequently described as excoriations (27%). Physicians observed picking from multiple body sites, the most common being upper extremities. Only 11% of patients were biopsied. Psychiatric comorbidities were frequent, especially personality traits and disorders (19.2%), and substance-related and addictive disorders (16.8%). Wide variety of treatments were prescribed, including local and supportive care. Only 41% of the sample had medical follow-ups. Conclusions: This large-scale retrospective assessment of patients diagnosed with SPD broadens the scope of a frequent disorder in dermatology, showing older age patients, unexpected psychiatric comorbidities and inadequate continuity of care. Results highlight the need for a collaborative approach and for frequent reassessments of these patients.
Ofatumumab-exposed breastfeeding in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Witt Laura , Dost-Kovalsky Karen , Friedmann Natalia , Bast Nadine , Haben Sabrina , Oganowski Theresa , Gold Ralf , Hellwig Kerstin , Thiel Sandra 
Published: January 2025

Background: In Europe, ofatumumab is approved for breastfeeding, but data on its transfer into breast milk and clinical experience are lacking. Objective: To analyze (1) health, development, and adverse events after live vaccination of ofatumumab-exposed breastfed infants and (2) detectability of ofatumumab in breast milk, and to calculate the relative infant dose (RID) using two methods, the traditional method and a second method considering maternal exposure to multiple ofatumumab doses and extended collection period. Methods: In this observational study, clinical data were collected by standardized telephone interviews up to 2 years postpartum. Breastmilk samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Twelve mothers started ofatumumab-exposed breastfeeding between 0.6 and 19.6 months postpartum. Infants showed neither abnormalities in infections, antibiotic use, or hospitalizations nor developmental delay. Five infants with available B cells had normal levels. Eight (66.7%) infants received live vaccines during/after exposed breastfeeding. None had complications. Ofatumumab concentration in breast milk varied widely between a median RID of average concentration 0.027% (range: 0.019%–0.115%) using method 1 and 2.912% (range: 1.301%–12.322%) using method 2. Conclusion: Ofatumumab-exposed breastfeeding did not adversely affect infants’ health or development. Despite higher RIDs using the more appropriate method 2, the risk of substantial antibody absorption by infants appears to be low.