bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADH4 Is A TP53-Associated Immune-Metabolic Signature For The Prediction Of Prognosis In Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jiang Hui-Hong , Wang Zhen-Yu , Zhai Bo , Lin Moubin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Tumor protein p53 (TP53) is one of the most frequent mutated genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whose mutations influenced tumor microenvironment (TME) and are associated with a worse prognosis. Thus, finding out an accurate prognostic signature could be beneficial for improving the prognosis of HCC.Methods: HCC genetic mutation data, transcriptome data, and clinical data were downloaded from the TCGA database to clarify specific TP53-associated signatures based on differential expression genes (DEGs). We investigated the predictive value of this signature on the overall survival (OS), immune analysis, and validation in clinical specimens.Results: In total, our research exhibited 270 mutant genes, and TP53 mutation occupied 28%. Besides, 81 upregulated genes and 27 downregulated genes were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that mutant-type TP53 were enriched for pathways related to cell cycle and cell metabolism, while clustered most enriched for terms related to metabolic process and immune response. The gene alcohol dehydrogenase4 (ADH4) was identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and a nomogram was also established to validate this prognostic signature. Moreover, the low-ADH4 group in both TP53 mutant type and wild type displayed significantly worse OS than the high-ADH4 group. In addition, immune infiltration with higher expression of B cell groups showed a differential immune microenvironment. Especially, ADH4 expression and the prognostic prediction values were further validated in clinical samples.Conclusions: The TP53-associated immune-metabolic signature is a specific and independent prognostic biomarker for HCC patients, and could provide a potential prognostic biomarker for the development of novel immunotherapies.
Reduced efficacies of diclazuril and toltrazuril against Eimeria ovinoidalis and Eimeria crandallis in two French sheep-meat farms
Authors: Bordes Léa , LeChenadec Agathe , Souchon Corentin , Berger Adeline , Claessens Alice , Bouix Geniève , Jouffroy Sophie , Grisez Christelle , Jacquiet Philippe 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Lamb coccidiosis, caused by intestinal parasites of the Eimeria genus, has pronounced health and economic impacts throughout the world. Eimeria ovinoidalis and Eimeria crandallis are the most pathogenic species in sheep. Control of these parasites requires the use of anticoccidial drugs such as sulfonamides, diclazuril, and toltrazuril. In this study, resistance to anticoccidial drugs was suspected in two farms as clinical signs (diarrhea) persisted after treatment. Method: On each farm, 4.5-month-old rams were divided into three groups so that they were either (i) left untreated (Control group), (ii) treated with diclazuril (1 mg/kg body weight), or (iii) treated with toltrazuril (20 mg/kg body weight). Animals were treated at day 0 (D0) and fecal samples were collected at D0 and eight days later (D8) to evaluate the reduction in intensity of Eimeria oocyst excretion. Oocyst morphology and morphometry were used to identify Eimeria species at both sampling dates. Results: Reduction of oocyst shedding was incomplete in both farms (92.44% and 93.58%) after diclazuril treatment. More specifically, the efficacy was reduced in both farms for E. ovinoidalis/Eimeria marsica (92.59% and 91.87%) and E. crandallis/Eimeria weybridgensis (75.34% and 80.10%). The general efficacy of toltrazuril was high in both farms (97.6% and 97.96%). However, a slightly reduced efficacy was noted in farm 1 for E. crandallis/E. weybridgensis (93.26%) while this efficacy was high in farm 2 (98.88%). Conclusions: We suggest a simple protocol to investigate the efficacy of anticoccidial treatments in sheep and to rapidly identify potentially resistant species. In these two farms, treating animals with diclazuril will select pathogenic species, and toltrazuril could favor resistant E. crandallis/E. weybridgensis in one of them.
Convergence of specified RUNX2, SALL1, and SAMD9 variants permits normal global immune and endocrine function despite bone marrow hypocellularity and reduced ovarian reserve
Authors: Sills E Scott , Harrity Conor , Wood Samuel H 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
RUNX2, SALL1 and SAMD9 are independently assorted genes responsible for multisystem actions where disruption often results in severe developmental or functional impairment. Alteration in any of these ‘master regulators’ is usually diagnosed in early childhood when missed milestones, anatomical dysmorphia, or chronic infection/immune impairment initiate cross-disciplinary evaluation.
Methods
New variants were recently discovered in all three genes during SARS-CoV-19 hospitalization in an otherwise healthy 46,XX adolescent. Our research expands the clinical characterization for this unusual convergence based on medical records covering the 5 year interval before admission.
Results
Diffuse bone marrow hypocellularity without cytogenetic derangement was present, with no anemia or reduction in total immunoglobulin production. However, bone age was below mean by 1.5yrs and multiple dental anomalies were documented. Macrocytosis and elevated serum creatinine were consistent findings. Ovaries and uterus appeared undersized with collapse of endogenous estradiol output leading to secondary amenorrhea by age 13yrs. Besides oral contraceptives, no other daily hormone treatment was required. A TSH receptor gene mutation of uncertain significance was also identified.
Conclusions
This is the first work to correlate immunoglobulin patterns, bone marrow and dental morphology, hematology/renal screening, pelvic anatomy, ovarian reserve data and thyroid features with coincident variants in RUNX2, SALL1 and SAMD9. While the expected impact from each mutation alone would normally be adverse, this study suggests a milder phenotype can prevail when these three variants occur together. Nevertheless, focused monitoring is appropriate given the uncertain status of this unique combination of mutations.
Nodulation of Sulla flexuosa ecotypes by Rhizobium sullae symbiovar sullae (sv. Nov) in Northern Morocco
Authors: Anass El Yemlahi , Omar Bouhnik , Mohammed Bakkali , Amine Laglaoui , Abdelhay Arakrak , Idrissi Mustapha Missbah El 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Sulla flexuosa is a protein-rich Mediterranean pastoral and forage legume that is widely used for animal feed. In this work, we analyzed the diversity of the plant as well as the phylogenetic affiliations of its microsymbiotes. To our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of Sulla natural ecotypes in Morocco. We found that the plant populations constitute two distinct ecotypes, related to their geographical origin in Northern Morocco. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of two representative strains, KS6 and BG1, isolated from the root nodules of each Sulla flexuosa L. ecotype, showed that they were closely related to Rhizobium sullae IS 123T with a similarity of 99.78%. This result was confirmed by MLSA using atpD, recA and glnII housekeeping gene sequences. Indeed, the phylogenetic analysis of the tree genes concatenated sequences sowed that the strains have 98.60 to 98.67% of similarity with R. sullae IS 123T. Furthermore, the phylogenic analysis of the nodC and nifH symbiotic genes showed that the two ecotypes Sulla flexuosa are nodulated by the same symbiovar of Rhizobium, for which we suggest the name of sullae (sv. nov.). The two representative strains tolerate water stress but are very sensitive to salinity, and can’t grow at temperatures higher than 35°C.
The comparison of OpenCV library algorithms for tracking movements of liver tumors in ultrasound video.
Authors: Levin Alexander A. , Klimov Daniil D. , Nechunaev Alexey A. , Prokhorenko Leonid S. , Mishchenkov Denis S. , Nosova Anastasia G. , Astakhov Dmitriy A. , Poduraev Yuri V. , Panchenkov Dmitry N. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study aims to compare the tracking algorithms provided by the OpenCV library to use on ultrasound video. Despite the widespread application of this computer vision library, few works describe the attempts to use it to track the movement of liver tumors on ultrasound video. Movements of the neoplasms caused by the patient`s breath interfere with the positioning of the instruments during the process of biopsy and radio-frequency ablation. The main hypothesis of the experiment was that tracking neoplasms and correcting the position of the manipulator in case of using robotic-assisted surgery will allow positioning the instruments more precisely. Another goal of the experiment was to check if it is possible to ensure real-time tracking with at least 25 processed frames per second. OpenCV version 4.5.0 was used with 7 tracking algorithms from the extra modules package. They are: Boosting, CSRT, KCF, MedianFlow, MIL, MOSSE, TLD. More than 4900 frames of standard definition were processed during the experiment. Analysis of the results shows that two algorithms – CSRT and KCF – could solve the problem of tumor tracking. They lead the test with more than 70% of ROI coverage and more than 95% successful searches. They could also be used in real-time processing with an average processing speed of up to 30 frames per second in CSRT and up to 100 frames per second for KCF. This experiment also shows that no frames made CSRT and KCF algorithms fail simultaneously. So, the hypothesis for future work is combining these algorithms to work together, with one of them – CSRT – as support for the KCF tracker on the rarely failed frames.
WITHDRAWN: Non-Uniform Diffraction Pattern of 2D-Cross-Grating---Rotating Grating Around Three Axes (4)
Authors: peng hui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The orientation-dependence of the diffraction patterns of the 1D-grating experiments have been systematically studied by utilizing the 3-axis-rotation apparatus. It is shown that the spacings between adjacent diffraction orders are non-uniform. Namely, from “one end” of the pattern to “other end”, the spacings between adjacent diffraction orders gradually increase. In this article, we systematically study the orientation-dependence of the diffraction patterns of the 2D-cross-grating. The experiments show that the diffraction patterns are non-uniform as that of the 1D-grating experiments. This extraordinary phenomenon challenges the existing theoretical description of the grating experiments. The above observed phenomena provide the comprehensive phenomena to theoretical study of the grating experiments. We suggest that the complete mathematical model should contain three rotation angles as parameters and should be able to describe the phenomena of the non-uniform-spacing, curved, expanded, inclined and mirror-symmetric diffraction patterns consistently.
Discovery and characterization of magnetic monopoles
Authors: Wang Xuelin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Abstract: In 1931, Paul Dirac, a physicist of Britain, theoretically predicted that magnetic monopoles can exist independently, and believed that since electricity has electrons with basic charges, magnetism should also have magnetic monopoles with basic magnetic charges. Decades later, many scientists failed to find magnetic monopoles although they tried to do that in any way. Some outstanding physicists, such as Fermi, an Italian American physicist, and Yang Zhenning, a Chinese American physicist, believe that magnetic monopoles exist and have improved and supplemented Paul Dirac's theory.
In this paper, the author found a new crystal topological material that emits positive and negative magnetic monopole pairs (magnetic dipoles) and magnetic monopoles into space when excited by both alternating magnetic field and heat. A "string" predicted by Dirac exists when the magnetic dipole runs in space and extends and contracts under the action of external magnetic field, and separates into positive and negative magnetic monopoles at given magnetic field strength. Strong “γ” ray is released from annihilation which occurs when positive and negative magnetic monopoles collide with each other. The space speed, magnetic field intensity and magnetic monopole mass under different magnetic fields were measured and calculated. The catalytic fission of magnetic monopoles and the repulsion of antimagnetic materials were characterized. The existence of magnetic monopoles predicted by Dirac was proven by experiments and observations from different perspectives.
Comprehensive Understanding of Multiple Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence via Quantum Chemistry Calculations
Authors: Shizu Katsuyuki , Kaji Hironori 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Molecules that exhibit multiple resonance (MR) type thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are highly efficient electroluminescent materials with narrow emission spectra. Despite their importance in various applications, the emission mechanism is still controversial. Here, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism for a representative MR-TADF molecule (5,9-diphenyl-5,9-diaza-13b-boranaphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracene, DABNA-1) is presented. Using the equation-of-motion coupled-cluster singles and doubles method and Fermi’s golden rule, we quantitatively reproduced all rate constants relevant to the emission mechanism; prompt and delayed fluorescence, internal conversion (IC), intersystem crossing, and reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). In addition, the photoluminescence quantum yield and its prompt and delayed contributions were quantified by calculating the population kinetics of excited states and the transient photoluminescence decay curve. The calculations also revealed that TADF occurred via a stepwise process of thermally activated IC from electronically excited T1 to the second-lowest triplet state, T2, RISC from T2 to S1, and fluorescence from S1.
Evidence for ABL amplification in multiple myeloma and therapeutic implications
Authors: Huang He , Zhou Shuping , Lin Hongdou , Guo Wenjian , Lin Ying , Yao Ronxin , He Licai , Yu Kang , Li Qian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Cytogenetic abnormalities are considered initiating events in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM) and are assumed to be of clinical significance. Methods: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to analyze chromosomal architecture in 101 patients with MM. We evaluated overall patient survival and assessed cytotoxicity of imatinib against MM cells using a CCK8 assay.Results: ABL gene amplification was detected in 67 patients (66.3%). However, ABL gene amplification was not associated with clinical features, cytogenetic abnormalities (c-Myc amplification, IGH rearrangement, RB1 deletion, p53 deletion, or 1q21 amplification), or overall survival. ABL amplification in MM cell lines (LP-1 and U266) was revealed by FISH. Furthermore, the ABL protein was easily detectable in MM cell lines and some tumor cells by western blotting. A CCK8 assay indicated limited cytotoxicity of imatinib against MM cells.Conclusions: Our study firstly discussed ABL gene amplification was prevalent in MM cells, and we believe ABL gene would potentially be a useful target in the treatment of combination strategy for MM with ABL amplification in future.
Diversity and geographic distribution of dog tick species in Sri Lanka and the life cycle of brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus under laboratory conditions
Authors: Bandaranayaka Kalpani Omantha , Dissanayake Upekha Indunil , Rajakaruna Rupika Subashini 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Tick infestations and tick-borne diseases have become a major emerging health concern of dogs in Sri Lanka. Information about tick species infesting dogs and their geographic distribution in Sri Lanka is largely unknown. Here we determined the tick species infesting the dogs and their distribution, and described the life cycle parameters of the dominant dog tick species under laboratory conditions.Methods: An island-wide, cross-sectional survey of tick species infesting the domestic dog was carried out, and the life cycle of the major dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus was studied under laboratory conditions. Results: A total of 3,026 ticks were collected from 1,219 dogs of different breeds in all 25 districts in the three climatic zones: Wet, Dry, and Intermediate zones. Eight species in five genera were identified: Rh. sanguineus (63.4%), Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides (22.0%), Haemaphysalis bispinosa (12.5%), Haemaphysalis intermedia (0.9%), Haemaphysalis turturis (0.6%), Amblyomma integrum (0.4%), Dermacentor auratus (0.2%) and Hyalomma sp (0.06%). The brown dog tick, Rh. sanguineus was the dominant species in the Dry and Wet zones, while Rh. haemaphysaloides was the dominant species in the Intermediate zone. Species diversity (presented as Shannon diversity index H) in the three was 1.135, 1.021and 0.849 in Intermediate, Dry and Wet zones, respectively. Adults formed 94.7% with a significantly higher number of females, and the rest were nymphs. Rhipicephalus sanguineus preferred the anterior side of the host body, specifically the inner and outer side of the ear. In contrast, Rh. haemaphysaloides preferred the posterior side, mainly the fore and hind limbs. The three-host life cycle of Rh. sanguineus was completed within 70-126 days, all three stages successfully fed on the New Zealand white rabbits under laboratory conditions. The mean Reproductive Efficiency Index (REI) and Reproductive Fitness Index (RFI) were 50.8±9.69 and 9.1±5.01, respectively. Larger females had higher reproductive success. Conclusion: The dominant dog tick species and the species diversity varied in different climatic regions of Sri Lanka. The three-host life cycle of Rh. sanguineus was successfully completed on the New Zealand white rabbits under laboratory conditions. Information on diversity, distribution and life cycle parameters is fundamental for studies of canine tick-borne infections, zoonoses, and their epidemiology.
Anti-inflammatory Mechanism of Astragaloside IV in the Recurrence of Asthma: Critical Role of Memory T Cells and OX40/OX40L Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Qingqing , Zhang Hongying , Sun Jing , Yan Chen , Dong Jingcheng , KONG Lingwen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Astragaloside IV (AST) has been confirmed to have antiasthmatic effects by our research. However, the underline mechanism is unclear. Memory CD4(+) T cells play an important role in the recurrence of asthma, the study try to explore the immunoregulatory effect from memory T cells.Methods and Results: Flow cytometry was used to determine the counts of memory T cells in blood and spleen; Pulmonary tests, inflammatory cytokines in blood and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured to evaluate the inflammatory response. The central memory CD4(+) T cells (TCM) were isolated and adoptive transferred into nude mice via tail intravenous, after OVA challenge 3 days, the lung inflammation was measured. Results shown the TCM phenotype was increased in spleen but the TEM was decreased. On the contrary, the number of actived TEM was increased, but the number of inactived TCM was decreased in asthmatic mice circulation; AST treatment significantly decreased TCM in the spleen and T effector phenotypes in blood. OX40/OX40L pathway expression were significantly increased in asthma spleen, AST pretreatment inhibited the OX40 signal pathway expression. Additionally, the adoptive transferred TCMs from AST treatment mice had relieved inflammation compared with asthma group.Conclusions: This study indicates that AST can ameliorate asthma inflammation by decreaseing the ration of TEM/TCM in blood. The anti-inflammatory mechanism maybe involved in the OX40/OX40L pathway.
Mathematical Formulation For Computation Of Optimal Number Of Sensor Nodes For Effective Coverage In Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Manoharan J. Samuel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wireless sensor networks have been the major stake holders in almost all types of wireless communication standards and applications in the recent decade. Their ability to be deployed almost anywhere on the globe make them indispensable. However, in the research of the Wireless sensor networks (WSN), trouble in coverage is one of the fundamental problems. Coverage computation in a way finds a major role to find out the energetic amount of sensor nodes required for sensing the monitoring region. Initially the investigator deals the resolving process of maximum flawless ratio of coverage for three-sensor nodes. Then by the resultant of work, grants the solution method of the estimated value of quality of coverage and also provides the method in elaborate manner for finding the least amount of sensor nodes for effective coverage of monitoring area. Finally, the technique to find out the redundancy for W communicative nodes has been provided. All the above issues have been mathematically worked out to justify the coverage research issue.
Improved Wireless Sensor Network Localization Algorithm based on Selective Opposition Class Topper Optimization (SOCTO)
Authors: MOHANTA TAPAN KUMAR , DAS DUSHMANTA KR 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the most important challenges in wireless sensor networks is the issue of localisation. Furthermore, it is critical to monitor and evaluate the data gathered. With the aid of a collection of constructed nodes known as beacons, the localization technique can measure node location. For a variety of factors, such as upkeep, lifespan, and breakdown, the fixed density of these beacons may be increased or decreased. Because of its robustness, flexibility, and economic viability, a well-known technique for locating wireless sensor network nodes is the Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm. As a result, researchers continue to look for ways to develop it. Based on Selective Opposition Class Topper optimization (SOCTO), we propose an enhanced DV-Hop localization algorithm, it also focuses through an optimized formulation to compute the average hop-size with weight of beacon nodes in order to reduce the localization error within estimated distance between the beacon and the dumb node, due to improved localization accuracy. The range-free localization algorithm in uniform multi-hop wireless sensor networks is the subject of recent study. In various implementation scenarios, the results of simulations show that our proposed algorithm performs admirably the DV-Hop technique and DV-Hop related techniques.
Low-cost poly(vinyl formal) for heavy metal removal from water of a polluted river
Authors: Villanueva-Flores Francisca , Palomares Laura A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in drinking water is a serious health risk, particularly in developing countries. Membranes of poly(vinyl formal) (PFA) were synthesized to explore their use for heavy metal removal from water samples from the polluted Mexican river ‘Atoyac.’ A single incubation step with PFA membranes for 24 h was sufficient to reduce lead, iron, manganese, arsenic, and thallium concentrations to acceptable levels for drinking water, according to the Mexican standards. PFA showed high adsorption capacities (Qe), even in the presence of multiple metals and low cation concentration. Mass transport phenomena were characterized as a function of the crosslinking degree and pH. To simulate real-life operation conditions, water fluxes across PFA membranes were characterized as a function of their crosslinking degrees and controlled external pressures. PFA membranes allowed fluxes at pressures of up to 2 kg/cm2 with no deformation or breaking. Tensile strength, strain stress, elastic deformation, and Young's modulus were assessed. In contrast with previous reports, no further PFA modifications were required to obtain an excellent adsorption performance, which results in lower production costs. The ease of PFA synthesis and handling, and low production cost make it an ideal material to be applied for remediating the polluted urban water.