bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Undergraduate Psychology Students’ Understanding of the Graduate School Application Process
Authors: Lang Brent , Lemanski Melanie R. , Heron Rebecca L. , Williams Kara S. 
Published: November 2022

Background More students with a bachelor’s degree in psychology are seeking graduate studies, though many lack knowledge about the admission process. Objective We created a brief educational presentation to increase student knowledge of the application process, positive outcome expectations for obtaining a master’s degree in psychology, and intention to apply. Method We recruited N = 55 undergraduate psychology majors at a public university in Texas. We randomly assigned participants to either a 52-min written or video version of the educational presentation. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that participants increased their positive outcome expectations for a master’s degree in psychology and increased their perceived knowledge of the application process. Our qualitative content analysis revealed improvements in participants’ objective knowledge of what to include in a curriculum vitae and personal statement, who to ask for a letter of recommendation, and what resources exist for funding graduate school. Conclusions Professors could consider using evidence-based, brief educational presentations in mentoring undergraduate students on career goals including graduate study in psychology. Teaching Implications Additional training may be required to help educational professionals to incorporate evidence-based career planning during key stages of students’ undergraduate psychology study.
The landscape of online news regarding genetically modified foods: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Samuel Lalitha , Basch Sawyer I. 
Published: November 2022

Background There has been substantial debate surrounding the use of genetically modified foods (GMFs). Aim The purpose of this study was to describe the content of news articles covering GMFs. Methods A search was completed on Google News using the key words “genetically modified foods” and the resulting 100 English-language news articles were analyzed for content. Results Only 26% of the articles analyzed were from professional or government sources. Among all content categories, definition or explanation of GMFs with a featured product as an example had the highest coverage, being addressed in 74% of the sample. Identification of GMFs from food labels (p = .001), was significantly associated with the source of the article (p > .05). Conclusions Opportunities exist for scientists, educators, and health experts to present evidence-based and science-based information, with a balanced emphasis on the risks and benefits of GMFs to help consumers to make well-informed choices.
Homocysteine Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Schizophrenia—A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Vedam Venkata Aksheena Varahi , Ghanta Mohan Krishna , Kantipudi Suvarna Jyothi , David Darling Chellathai , Vijayalakshmi Melanathuru , Nuthalapati Poojith 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: To find out the relation between homocysteine levels in peripheral blood and the effectiveness as well as the safety of haloperidol and olanzapine in schizophrenia treatment. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized parallel-group open-label interventional clinical trial was conducted on 40 mild to moderate schizophrenia patients. To compare the efficacy of olanzapine and haloperidol Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) score was used. Homocysteine levels of peripheral blood and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores were evaluated. Results: BPRS score improved in both groups on day 14 and day 28. But significantly more with olanzapine ( P value =.001). The olanzapine group showed a higher reduction (13.91±0.47 to 9.74±0.5) in homocysteine levels than the haloperidol group. Also, the BPRS scores negatively correlated ( r = –0.66) to homocysteine levels. Conclusion: Therefore, our study shows that peripheral blood homocysteine levels can be used to predict and assess the treatment outcome in schizophrenia patients. Biomarker driven approach in schizophrenia will allow the patients to be treated promptly with the right drug. In this light, personalized treatment holds great potential in the future.
Lamina cribrosa curvature index: A reliable parameter to screen diabetic patients for glaucoma
Authors: İlhan Esin , Tıskaoğlu Nesime S. , Baykara Mehmet 
Published: November 2022

Purpose To compare the translaminar pressure difference (TLPD), anterior lamina cribrosa surface depth (ALCSD), lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT), lamina cribrosa curvature index (LCCI) and peripapillary vascular density (pVD) in diabetic and healthy subjects. Methods Two hundred and eighty eyes of 140 patients (79 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 61 healthy subjects) were enrolled in this study. Full ophthalmological examination, as well as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCT-A) images, were analyzed. The ALCSD, LCT, LCCI were measured by enhanced depth imaging (EDI) OCT and the pVD by OCT-A. The TLPD values and relationships between TLPD and lamina cribrosa features and pVD were investigated in all subjects. Results The ALCSD and LCT were significantly shallower and thinner in diabetic patients when compared to healthy subjects (p <0.001). There was no significant difference in the LCCI in diabetics 13.717 (5.74–33.91) vs healthy subjects 13.118 (5.53–27.05) (p = 0.181). OCT-A revealed that the pVD in the diabetic group was significantly lower than in the non-diabetic group (p <0.001). TLPD was significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to healthy controls. Conclusion There are early changes in pVD and peripapillary vessel morphology in patients with DM. ALCSD and LCT were shallower and thinner in diabetic patients whereas the LCCI did not differ significantly. LCCI may be more valuable in assessing the lamina cribrosa (LC) of diabetic patients. The TLPD was found to be lower in diabetic patients compared to normal controls.
Study protocol for a Prospective, Randomized controlled trial of stEnt graft and Drug-coated bAlloon Treatment for cephalic arch stenOsis in dysfunctional arteRio-venous fistulas (PREDATOR)
Authors: Gan Chye Chung , Tan Ru Yu , Delaney Christopher L , Puckridge Phillip J , Pang Suh Chien , Tng Alvin Ren Kwang , Tan Chee Wooi , Tan Chieh Suai , Tan Alfred Bingchao , Zhuang Kun Da , Gogna Apoorva , Tay Kiang Hiong , Chan Sze Ling , Yap Charyl Jia Qi , Chong Tze Tec , Tang Tjun Yip 
Published: November 2022

Background: Treatment of cephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is associated with high risk of failure and complications. Although stent-graft (SG) placement has improved patency rates, stent edge restenosis has been raised as a potential limiting factor for SG usage in CAS. This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining stent graft placement with paclitaxel-coated balloon (PCB) angioplasty versus PCB alone in the treatment of CAS. Methods: This is an investigator-initiated, prospective, international, multicenter, open-label, randomized control clinical trial that plans to recruit 80 patients, who require fistuloplasty from dysfunctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF) from CAS. Eligible participants are randomly assigned to receive treatment with SG and PCB or PCB alone in a 1:1 ratio post-angioplasty ( n = 40 in each arm). Randomization is stratified by de novo or recurrent lesion, and the participants are followed up for 1 year. The primary endpoints of the study are target lesion primary patency (TLPP) and access circuit primary patency (ACPP) rates at 6-months. The secondary endpoints are TLPP and ACPP at 3- and 12-month; target lesion and access circuit assisted primary and secondary patency rates at 3, 6, and 12-months and the total number of interventions; complication rate; and cost-effectiveness. Discussion: This study will evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of combination SG and PCB implantation compared to PCB alone in the treatment of CAS for hemodialysis patients.
The experience of living with and managing cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a qualitative review
Authors: Collins Sarah , Jones Andrew , Woodward Sue , Sturt Jackie 
Published: November 2022

Background Improved survival rates for people with cystic fibrosis have led to increased rates of co-morbidity, of which diabetes is the most common. Cystic fibrosis related diabetes affects 19% of adolescents and up to 50% of adults, although little is known about their experiences of this co-morbidity. Aims To investigate the experiences of living with and managing cystic fibrosis related diabetes among adolescents and adults. Methods Systematic review and thematic analysis of qualitative evidence. Results Six studies, rated good quality, were included in the review and four main themes emerged from the data: knowledge and understanding; emotional and social impact; balancing both conditions; acceptance and adjustment. Although the main themes reflect adolescent and adult experiences, there were subtle variations in their sub-themes. Participants' overriding story was of journeying towards acceptance and integration of cystic fibrosis related diabetes into their lives. This included their unpreparedness for the likely onset of cystic fibrosis related diabetes and their struggles to balance the competing demands of living with and managing cystic fibrosis and diabetes. Conclusions The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes and its incorporation into daily life is challenging for many people with cystic fibrosis. Review findings indicate opportunities for cystic fibrosis related diabetes interventions pre-diagnosis, at diagnosis, and during ongoing management, which need integrating into routine cystic fibrosis care.
Challenges faced by nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic: an integrative review
Authors: Aydogdu Ana Luiza Ferreira 
Published: November 2022

Background: Nurses have crucial roles in caring for patients and preventing the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, nurse managers have a prominent role during the pandemic, being responsible for the support and training of the nursing team to ensure quality care. While performing their duties in this time of fear and uncertainty, nurse managers face several challenges. Aim: To identify the challenges faced by nurse managers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: It is an integrative literature review whose search for articles was carried out in Medline, PubMed and Scopus. Qualitative content analysis was used. Results: Twelve primary research studies were included. Four themes emerged: (1) Workplace demands, (2) Impacts on physical and psychological health, (3) Coping measures and resilience and (4) Recommendations to better support nurse managers in times of crisis. Nurse managers had their roles expanded or completely changed, and they experienced many pressures and stressors in the workplace. Nurse managers also faced physical and psychological health problems. Nurse managers drew on experience; management skills; social media applications; support from family, colleagues and hospital administrators; training, and continuing education to solve the problems that emerged due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Organisations should use collaborative, inclusive and participatory practices for better crisis management. Conclusions: Knowing the experiences of nurse managers during the pandemic period may help health institutions and policymakers better prepare for emergencies.
COVID-19 is not associated with worse long-term inflammatory bowel disease outcomes: a multicenter case–control study
Authors: Hong Simon J. , Bhattacharya Sumona , Aboubakr Aiya , Nadkarni Devika , Lech Diana , Ungaro Ryan C. , Agrawal Manasi , Hirten Robert P. , Greywoode Ruby , Mone Anjali , Chang Shannon , Hudesman David P. , Ullman Thomas , Sultan Keith , Lukin Dana J. , Colombel Jean-Frederic , Axelrad Jordan E. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not associated with worse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. However, data are lacking regarding the long-term impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the disease course of IBD. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes of IBD. Design: We performed a multicenter case–control study of patients with IBD and COVID-19 between February 2020 and December 2020. Methods: Cases and controls were individuals with IBD with presence or absence, respectively, of COVID-19-related symptoms and confirmatory testing. The primary composite outcome was IBD-related hospitalization or surgery. Results: We identified 251 cases [ulcerative colitis ( n = 111, 45%), Crohn’s disease ( n = 139, 55%)] and 251 controls, with a median follow-up of 394 days. The primary composite outcome of IBD-related hospitalization or surgery occurred in 29 (12%) cases versus 38 (15%) controls ( p = 0.24) and on multivariate Cox regression, COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–1.42]. When stratified by infection severity, severe COVID-19 was associated with a numerically increased risk of adverse IBD outcomes (aHR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.00–5.86), whereas mild-to-moderate COVID-19 was not (aHR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.38–1.23). Conclusion: In this case–control study, COVID-19 did not have a long-term impact on the disease course of IBD. However, severe COVID-19 was numerically associated with worse IBD outcomes, underscoring the continued importance of risk mitigation and prevention strategies for patients with IBD during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Pancreatic cyst fluid glucose: a rapid on-site diagnostic test for mucinous cysts
Authors: Zamir Efrat , Zelnik Yovel Dana , Scapa Erez , Shnell Mati , Bar Nir , Bar Yishay Iddo , Ziv-Baran Tomer , Younis Fadi , Phillips Adam , Lubezky Nir , Shibolet Oren , Ben-Ami Shor Dana 
Published: November 2022

Background: Pancreatic cystic fluid (PCF) analysis is frequently used for cyst diagnosis with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) being the most accepted biomarker. Low glucose levels in PCF were previously suggested as a marker for mucinous cysts. A bed-side glucometer is a point-of care, immediate, simple, and cheap method which requires a small volume of PCF. Objectives: The aim of our study was to identify the optimal glucose cut-off level for identifying mucinous cysts, evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of glucose compared to CEA, and validate glucometry against reference laboratory biochemical analysis. Design: A single-center prospective cohort study. Methods: Consecutive patients aged 18 and older, who underwent pancreatic cyst evaluation, at the Tel Aviv Medical Center between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed. Cyst type was defined based on clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings. Glucose was measured using laboratory biochemical analysis and two glucometers. Receiver operating characteristic analysis derived sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated and McNemar test was used to compare between methods. Results: One hundred and one PCF samples were evaluated. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve for identifying mucinous cysts using glucometer, glucose laboratory, and their combination were 0.88 ( p < 0.001), 0.92 ( p < 0.001), and 0.93 ( p < 0.001), respectively. A glucose level of 87 mg/dL was identified as the optimal laboratory glucose threshold value to detect mucinous cyst with a sensitivity of 90.9%, specificity of 83.3%, and accuracy of 89.3, higher in comparison to cyst fluid CEA. Furthermore, PCF glucose levels had the strongest association with mucinous cysts. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that PCF glucose level is more accurate than CEA for the diagnosis of mucinous cysts. Glucometry glucose level assessment demonstrated an excellent correlation with laboratory glucose measurements and may become a useful diagnostic test.
Continuous Glucose Deviation Interval and Variability Analysis (CG-DIVA): A Novel Approach for the Statistical Accuracy Assessment of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems
Authors: Eichenlaub Manuel , Stephan Peter , Waldenmaier Delia , Pleus Stefan , Rothenbühler Martina , Haug Cornelia , Hinzmann Rolf , Thomas Andreas , Jendle Johan , Diem Peter , Freckmann Guido 
Published: November 2022

Background: The accuracy of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems is crucial for the management of glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus. However, the discussion of CGM accuracy is challenged by an abundance of parameters and assessment methods. The aim of this article is to introduce the Continuous Glucose Deviation Interval and Variability Analysis (CG-DIVA), a new approach for a comprehensive characterization of CGM point accuracy which is based on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration requirements for “integrated” CGM systems. Methods: The statistical concept of tolerance intervals and data from two approved CGM systems was used to illustrate the CG-DIVA. Results: The CG-DIVA characterizes the expected range of deviations of the CGM system from a comparison method in different glucose concentration ranges and the variability of accuracy within and between sensors. The results of the CG-DIVA are visualized in an intuitive and straightforward graphical presentation. Compared with conventional accuracy characterizations, the CG-DIVA infers the expected accuracy of a CGM system and highlights important differences between CGM systems. Furthermore, it provides information on the incidence of large errors which are of particular clinical relevance. A software implementation of the CG-DIVA is freely available ( https://github.com/IfDTUlm/CGM_Performance_Assessment ). Conclusions: We argue that the CG-DIVA can simplify the discussion and comparison of CGM accuracy and could replace the high number of conventional approaches. Future adaptations of the approach could thus become a putative standard for the accuracy characterization of CGM systems and serve as the basis for the definition of future CGM performance requirements.
Incidence and factors related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis from a health service provider in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Machado-Duque Manuel Enrique , Gaviria-Mendoza Andrés , Ospina-Arzuaga Harrison David , Ruiz-Zapata Maritza , Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique 
Published: November 2022

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to intrinsic characteristics of the pathology and the medications used to treat it. The aim was to evaluate the incidence of and factors related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with RA in Colombia. Methods: This was an observational study of patients diagnosed with RA who were treated at a health care institution in Colombia. The study evaluated whether the patients presented SARS-CoV-2 infection and other clinical variables. Variables associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified. Results: A total of 2566 patients with RA were identified. They had a median age of 61.9 years, and 81.1% were women. They were mainly treated with synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (85.3%), glucocorticoids (52.2%), and biological DMARDs (26.8%). The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 5.1%, and the factors that increased the risk included treatment with synthetic DMARDs with or without biological DMARDs but with concomitant systemic glucocorticoids [odds ratio (OR): 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–3.93 and OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.05–2.74, respectively] and receiving antidiabetic drugs (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.27–3.94). A total of 20.8% of patients with COVID-19 required hospitalization and 3.8% died. Conclusion: The incidence of COVID-19 is higher among patients with RA who receive DMARDs and glucocorticoids simultaneously or who have diabetes mellitus than among patients with RA not receiving these drug combinations, which should guide treatment strategies.
Feasibility of a smartphone app to monitor patient reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis: The haMSter interventional trial
Authors: Altmann Patrick , Ponleitner Markus , Monschein Tobias , Krajnc Nik , Zulehner Gudrun , Zrzavy Tobias , Leutmezer Fritz , Rommer Paulus Stefan , Kornek Barbara , Berger Thomas , Bsteh Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

Background Monitoring of patient outcomes in multiple sclerosis (MS) is fundamental for individualized treatment decisions. So far, these decisions have been motivated by conventional outcomes, i.e., relapses or clinical disability supported by radiological disease activity. Complementing this concept, patient reported outcomes (PROs) assess individual health-related quality of life, among other constructs. Their inclusion in clinical routine, however, has been challenging as assessing them requires resources of time and personnel. Objective This interventional feasibility study investigated the haMSter app, a mobile health solution for remote and longitudinal monitoring of PROs in a sample of people with MS (pwMS). Methods The core feature of haMSter is the provision of three PRO questionnaires relevant to MS (anxiety/depression, MS-related quality of life, and fatigue) that patients can fill out once a month. For this feasibility trial, we offered 50 volunteers to use the haMSter app over six months and to take part in a haMSter study visit. This consultation concluded the study and participants had the opportunity to discuss their graphically plotted PRO results with their treating physician. Results The main outcome was overall patient adherence to monthly completion of the PRO questionnaires, which remained high up to 4 months (98%) and dropped over time (months 5: 83% and 6: 66%). Exploratory outcomes included patient satisfaction as estimated on the Telemedicine Perception Questionnaire (TMPQ, 17–85 points). The mean TMPQ score was 64 (95%CI: 62–66) points, indicating a high degree of approval. Ancillary tests included subgroup analyses of participants with particularly high or low satisfaction and upper extremity disability as a potential obstacle to utility or acceptance. We found no distinct characteristics separating participants with high or low satisfaction. Conclusions In this first feasibility trial, the haMSter app for longitudinal PRO monitoring was well received in terms of adherence and satisfaction. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04555863.