bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les places portuaires du Nord-Ouest français : recompositions et gouvernances territoriales
Authors: Loubet Lilian , Serry Arnaud 
Published: November 2022

Suite à la réforme de 2008, les trois ports autonomes de la façade ouest de la France (Dunkerque, Le Havre et Nantes-Saint-Nazaire) deviennent « grands ports maritimes » (GPM). Si leur gouvernance institutionnelle souscrit à un modèle général, on observe cependant des spécificités locales. Aussi, au-delà de la dimension institutionnelle, il s’agira d’analyser la mécanique décisionnelle et la structuration des leaderships locaux selon les représentations des principaux acteurs des trois « places portuaires ». À cette fin, les représentants des organisations parties prenantes ont été interrogés au cours d’une série d’entretiens visant à comparer les processus de gouvernance à l’œuvre. Il apparaît ainsi que le degré élevé de dépendance à l’État semble commun aux trois configurations. Dans ce contexte les élus leaders animent une gouvernance multiscalaire où s’entremêlent pouvoirs centraux, déconcentrés et décentralisés. Si leurs jeux et stratégies varient, dans les trois cas étudiés cette dynamique encourage une relation pouvoir local / autorité portuaire qui demeure instable. De même, alors que le contexte de décentralisation portuaire accroît la puissance de la Région, celle-ci est encore faiblement identifiée par l’ensemble des acteurs interrogés. De leurs côtés les entreprises industrielles et portuaires parviennent plus ou moins, selon les contextes, à se faire reconnaître par les partenaires institutionnels. À cette défiance public / privé s’ajoute des tensions entre autorités portuaires et syndicats de travailleurs portuaires qui varient dans leurs formes et intensité selon les places étudiées. Enfin, « à l’écart » de cette gouvernance, les armateurs semblent jouer une partition relativement solitaire.
Probing cerebrospinal fluid mobility for human brain clearance imaging MRI: water transport across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and mobility of cerebrospinal fluid in perivascular spaces
Authors: Van Osch Matthias J.P. , Petitclerc Léonie , Hirschler Lydiane 
Published: November 2022

Background. The growing interest in the brain clearance system in the last decade has led to great insights into how waste clearance via perivascular spaces acts like a lymphatic-like system. However, most of these observations have been done in rodent studies, often with invasive techniques. When aiming to understand the human brain clearance system, the main technology has so far relied on intrathecal injections1 and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow in larger structures like the fourth ventricle2 or the aqueduct. The availability of non-invasive imaging technology would be an important driver to probe human brain clearance in health and disease.
Methods. When looking at the current knowledge on brain clearance, it is clear that CSF and interstitial fluid (ISF) are the main solvents that propel waste out of the brain. The insight that CSF and ISF mainly consist of water makes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) an attractive modality, since many possibilities exist to measure cerebral water dynamics, such as transitions between compartments, as well as water flow/diffusion in sub-compartments. MRI does provide excellent opportunities to image CSF/ISF, due to the long T2 of these compared to background tissue. By using long echo-time imaging, MRI sequences can be tuned towards CSF and ISF. This approach is applied both to arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI to measure water transport across the blood-CSF barrier, as well as to high spatial resolution imaging at 7 tesla MRI to measure CSF mobility in perivascular spaces.
Results. By using ASL that magnetically labels inflowing blood, we could prove that water exchange into CSF is not only taking place in the choroid plexus, but also in the subarachnoid space.3 We refer to the reference for a complete description of the method and results.3 The second technique also exploits long echo times to isolate CSF-signal, but combines this with high spatial resolution readouts and motion-sensitizing gradients to allow measurement of the CSF-mobility in the perivascular spaces of penetrating arteries (Figure 1) and e.g. the subarachnoid space around the MCA. Retrospective triggering allows studying how the cardiac and respiratory cycle influence the CSF-mobility, i.e. the driving forces of propulsion and mixing processes within the perivascular spaces (PVS). Preliminary results show approximately equal contributions from the cardiac and respiratory cycles in smaller PVS.4 Conclusions The exchange of water between the vascular and CSF compartments does not exclusively happen in the choroid plexus, but also in the subarachnoid arteries along the cortex. CSF mobility is influenced both by cardiac and respiratory cycles in approximately equal contributions in the PVS of penetrating arteries.
Abnormal jugular valves are not the sole explanation of an impaired outflow from the cranial cavity through the internal jugular veins: results of <I>in silico</I> studies
Authors: Simka Marian , Iqrar Syed Atif , Rashid Anas , Rashid Aiman , Nowak Marta 
Published: November 2022

Background. Currently, pathological jugular valves are thought to be the main cause of altered hemodynamics in the internal jugular veins, the so-called chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency. The alternative interpretation of flow disturbances in these veins is that the main source of abnormal outflow are nozzle-like strictures in their upper parts, at the level or just below the jugular foramen, for example, caused by an enlarged transverse process of the atlas and/or styloid process of the temporal bone.1 These in silico studies were aimed at validation of this hypothesis.
Methods. With the use of computational fluid mechanics software: the Flowsquare+ and the COMSOL multiphysics, we simulated blood flow in the models of internal jugular veins that exhibited different morphologies (Figure 1). With the Flowsquare+ software, we performed 3-dimensional simulations for the assessment of relevance of the strictures at the level of jugular foramen, while the COMSOL multiphysics software, which was used in 2-dimensional mode, gave us more detailed insight into the behavior of the jugular valve. Results. There was a normal unidirectional flow, with the centrally positioned centerline velocity and no flow separation in modeled veins, which were not narrowed or presented with gradual narrowings. On the contrary, in a majority of models with nozzle-like strictures located at the beginning of the studied veins, abnormal flow patterns were revealed, with significant flow separation and regions with reversed flow. The most severe flow abnormalities were not seen in the models with nozzles of a small cross-sectional area, but rather in those positioned asymmetrically. Abnormal valves (with reversed or asymmetric leaflets) further impaired the flow in models with symmetrically positioned nozzles, but had no significant impact on the flow in a case of an already altered flow evoked by the asymmetric nozzles.1 Importantly, simulations performed with the COMSOL multiphysics revealed that flow disturbances evoked by significant stenosis in the upper part of the internal jugular vein distort leaflets of the jugular valve. This was not seen as a case of a minor stenosis.
Conclusions. We demonstrated that our working hypothesis is credible and that impaired outflow from the brain through the internal jugular veins is likely to be primarily caused by pathological strictures in the upper parts of these veins, instead of pathological jugular valves that, as of yet, were the main target of clinical research. In addition, pathology of the jugular valves may be secondary to the strictures in the upper segments of the internal jugular veins.
Sonographic Association of Polyhydramnios with Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Diabetic Mothers from 34 to 40 Weeks of Pregnancy
Authors: Majid Faiza , Khadija Syeda , Irum Shehzadi , Yousaf Syed Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Polyhydramnios carries a high rate of complications during pregnancies and adverse perinatal outcomes. Obstetrical ultrasound screening is the prime tool to rule out any possible adverse outcome that might lead towards worst scenarios outcome such as growth retardation, C-section and preterm delivery. The objective of this study was to determine sonographic association of polyhydramnios with adverse perinatal outcomes in diabetic mothers from 34 to 40 weeks of pregnancy.
Methodology: A cross sectional analytical study was carried out at the Department of Radiology in Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of study was from March 2017 to November 2017. Patients in 3rd trimester of pregnancy with Polyhydramnios and diabetes were chosen subsequent to fulfilling consideration (inclusion) and rejection (exclusion) criteria. A complete history and investigation were finished. All necessary examination done. Polyhydramnios confirmed by estimating amniotic fluid index. Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24) was used for analysis of all data. Standard and Mean Deviation (SD) remained calculated for continuous variables.
Findings: The sample size was 101 in this study. While throughout the study period data of 89 patients was collected. Patients were between the age group of 18 to 35 years. Severity of polyhydramnios was classified as mild moderate and severe. Out of 89 babies delivered during study 66 had no complications while 4 were macrosomic, 1 infant suffered from shoulder dystocia, 1 was lager for gestational age, 3 had respiratory distress syndrome and 3 were smaller for gestational age. Hb1AC levels were higher in diabetic patients with the mean value of 6.18%. In this study, we found that polyhydramnios is associated with poor diabetic control. This research shows that polyhydramnios is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, and there is a significant positive relation with maternal age, diabetes, fetal anomalies, and fetal macrosomia. Pregnant women with GDM showed higher risk of macrosomic newborns. This study demonstrates that the likelihood of an adverse perinatal outcome increases in association with polyhydramnios.
Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Budaya Pondok Pesantren
Authors: Septiana Widya 
Published: November 2022

Pendidikan karakter dalam kaitannya dengan nilai-nilai budaya yang ada pada pondok pesantren dapat dikatakan sebagai sebuah usaha penerapan perilaku para santri terhadap para masyarakat sekitar, sebagaimana bertujuan dalam usaha menginvestasikan hal tersebut pada masa yang akan datang dalam melaksanakan hubungan kehidupan dimasyarakat. Usaha penerapan berbagai karakter santri dapat menggunakan strategi maupun metode yang selanjutnya akan ditumbuh kembangkan sesuai dengan budaya sekitar serta disesuaikan dengan perubahan-perubahan keadaan sosial yang terjadi pada masyarakat. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis penelitian library research. Hasi yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah santri perlu diajarakan mengenai Pendidikan karakter dalam penanaman nilai-nilai budaya yang ada pada pondok pesanten sesuai dengan norma dan kebiasaan yang ada pada masyarakat. Contoh nilai yang harus diterapkan yaitu ketakwaan, kesederhanaan, kejujuran, keikhlasan, kerja sama, keteladanan, kekeluargaan, dan kemandirian, sebagaimana hal tersebut dapat dijadikan bekal dalam menghadapi permasalahn pada era perkembangan zaman seperti saat ini. Sehingga dengan begitu akan memujwudkan santri yang memiliki kepribadian muslim sesuai dengan tutuntunan islam dan bermanfaat bagi seluruh manusia.
Kata kunci: Karakter, Budaya, Pondok Pesantren
Analisis Sintaksis Majrurat Al-Asma Dalam Surat Yasin
Authors: Rahmawati Rima Ajeng , Khairil Anwar  
Published: November 2022

Majrurat al-asma merupakan bagian dari materi yang terdapat pada aspek tata Bahasa Arab. Namun masih sangat jarang pembahasannya, hal ini ditandai dengan banyak dari siswa yang belajar bahasa Arab hanya mengetahui sebab dari majrur disebabkan oleh masuknya huruf jar dan tanda majrur adalah kasroh saja, padahal ada sebab-sebab lain majrur yaitu disebabkan menjadi idhofah dan disebabkan menjadi tawabi’ dan tanda majrur tidak hanya kasrah tapi ada tanda lain yaitu ya dan fathah sebagai pengganti kasroh. Adapun penelitian tentang majrurat al-asma telah banyak dijadikan alat pembedah dalam meneliti bahasa Arab, baik dalam mengkaji kitab-kitab turats maupun surat-surat di dalam Al-Qur’an. Sedangkan peneliti sendiri ingin lebih mengkaji majrurat al-asma pada salah satu surat dalam Al-Qur’an yaitu surat Yasin. Surat Yasin merupakan surat ke- 36 dalam Al-Qur’an dan diturunkan pada periode pertengahan di Makkah (sebelum hijrah), sehingga termasuk kelompok surat Makkiyah. Surat ini terdiri dari 83 ayat. Namun fakta yang terjadi di Indonesia sendiri menemukan bahwa Yasin merupakan surat yang paling sering dibaca setelah surat Al-Fatihah, Al-Ikhlas, Al-Falaq, dan An-Nas. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah studi pustaka (library research). Studi pustaka yang dimaksud yaitu berupaya mempelajari teori linguistik atau studi kebahasaan. Di mana peneliti menelusuri, menganalisis data-data melalui kepustakaan. Tanda-tanda I’rob jar dalam Al-Qur’an surat Yasin meliputi: Kasroh yang terdiri dari isim mufrod 69 data, jama’ taksir 13 data dan 1 jama’ muannas salim. Ya berjumlah 3 data. Fathah berjumlah 1 data. Berupa masdar muawwal 1 data, isim maushul 7 data dan 69 data hukumnya mabni.
Kata kunci: Majurat al-asma, Tata Bahasa Arab, Surat Yasin
Analisis Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match Pada Siswa Kelas IV A SDIKT Robbi Rodhiya
Authors: Sya'bani Muhammad Zaky , Nurkholis  
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini beranjak dari penerapan metode make a match dalam proses pembelajaran yang didasari oleh rendahnya hasil belajar bahasa Arab siswa. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh minimnya keaktifan siswa dalam belajar bahasa Arab, penggunaan metode yang kurang efektif sehingga siswa masih kesulitan dan merasa jenuh dalam pelajaran bahasa Arab. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis penggunaan model pembelajaran make a match dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Arab siswa, subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV-A SDIKT Robbi Rodhiya Bandar Lampung yang berjumlah 30 siswa dan dilaksanakan dalam 3 siklus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terjadinya peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa Arab siswa pada setiap siklusnya. Pada siklus 1 memperoleh nilai rata-rata 67 dengan persentase kenaikan 26,67%, pada siklus 2 menjadi 71,5 dengan persentase kenaikan 70% dan siklus 3 meningkat kembali menjadi 75,30 dengan persentase kenaikan 80%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggunakan model pembelajaran make a match dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Arab siswa kelas IV-A SDIKT Robbi Rodhiya.
Exploring TikTok as a promising platform for geoscience communication
Authors: Zawacki Emily E. , Bohon Wendy , Johnson Scott , Charlevoix Donna J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. With TikTok emerging as one of the most popular social media
platforms, there is significant potential for science communicators to
capitalize on this success and to share their science with a broad, engaged
audience. While videos of chemistry and physics experiments are prominent
among educational science content on TikTok, videos related to the
geosciences are comparatively lacking, as is an analysis of what types of
geoscience videos perform well on TikTok. To increase the visibility of the
geosciences and geophysics on TikTok and to determine best strategies for
geoscience communication on the app, we created a TikTok account called
“Terra Explore” (@TerraExplore). The Terra Explore account is a joint
effort between science communication specialists at UNAVCO, IRIS
(Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology), and OpenTopography. We
produced 48 educational geoscience videos over a 4-month period between
October 2021 and February 2022. We evaluated the performance of each video
based on its reach, engagement, and average view duration to determine the
qualities of a successful video. Our video topics primarily focused on
seismology, earthquakes, topography, lidar (light detection and ranging),
and GPS (Global Positioning System), in alignment with our organizational
missions. Over this time period, our videos garnered over 2 million total
views, and our account gained over 12 000 followers. The videos that
received the most views received nearly all (∼ 97 %) of
their views from the For You page, TikTok's algorithmic recommendation feed. We
found that short videos (< 30 s) had a high average view duration,
but longer videos (> 60 s) had the highest engagement rates.
Lecture-style videos that were approximately 60 s in length had more
success in both reach and engagement. Our videos that received the highest
number of views featured content that was related to a recent newsworthy
event (e.g., an earthquake) or that explained location-based geology of a
recognizable area. Our results highlight the algorithm-driven nature of
TikTok, which results in a low barrier to entry and success for new science
communication creators.
Early switch to oral antibiotic therapy for the treatment of patients with bacterial native vertebral osteomyelitis: a quaternary center experience, systematic review, and meta-analysis
Authors: Passerini Matteo , Maamari Julian , Nayfeh Tarek , Hassett Leslie C. , Tande Aaron J. , Murad Mohammad H. , Temesgen Zelalem , Berbari Elie F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Recent data suggest that oral therapy can be effective for bone infections.
We aim to assess the efficacy of an early switch to oral therapy (<2 weeks) compared to a non-early switch in bacterial native vertebral
osteomyelitis. We conducted a cohort study at Mayo Clinic, Rochester (MN),
between 2019–2021 combined with a systematic review, which queried multiple
databases. Data were analyzed using a random-effects model. The cohort study
included 139 patients: two received an early switch. Of 3708 citations, 13
studies were included in the final analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated no
difference in treatment failure (odds ratio = 1.073, 95 % confidence
interval 0.370–3.116), but many studies presented high risk of bias. Current
evidence is insufficient to conclude the proportion of patients with failure
or relapse is different in the two groups. High-quality studies are
warranted before early switch can be routinely recommended.
METODE PENGAJARAN AUDIOVISUAL (视听法) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA MANDARIN PADA ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN.
Authors: Wulansari Hareza , Nur Biduri Febi 
Published: November 2022

Belajar bahasa asing pada usia dini bisa dimulai saat anak sudah mulai interaktif dan komunikatif dengan orang lain. Di usia 4-6 tahun, anak membutuhkan konsentrasi yang penuh untuk dapat menerima pelajaran dan informasi. Maka dibutuhkan metode pengajaran serta teknik dan cara mengajar yang mudah dipahami oleh anak-anak. Skripsi ini mengenai penggunaan metode pengajaran audiovisual (视听法) dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin untuk anak usia 4-6 tahun di ECC (Early Childhood Centre) preschool. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penggunaan metode pengajaran audiovisual (视听法) dalam pengajaran Bahasa Mandarin untuk anak usia 4-6 tahun . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif . Data penelitian berupa data yang diperoleh dari wawancara dan angket. Subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas ECC (Early Childhood Centre) preschool. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa metode pengajaran audiovisual sesuai dengan anak usia 4-6 tahun dilihat dari hasil angket dan wawancara. Karena metode ini menyenangkan dan mudah dipahami untuk anak usia tersebut.
The Comparative Language Style at SOT and SOT’s Subtitle on Soft News DAAI Mandarin and Metro Xinwen
Authors: Adyla Dwi , Adryani Nasution, S.S., MTCSOL Vivi 
Published: November 2022

Nowadays, language style has entered a wider scope, included electronic journalism and also television news broadcast. This paper described and used language style according to Huang and friends (2012). This paper will discussed about the comparison of language style at soundbite on tape (SOT) and SOT’s subtitle on both soft news videos, is: DAAI Mandarin and Metro Xinwen. This paper’s goals is to find out the type of language style that contained in SOT and SOT’s subtitle on soft news DAAI Mandarin and Metro Xinwen. Data source using soft news video of television news broadcast. Research method used descriptive qualitative with observed data collection methods and note taking techniques for the data collection. The result of data analysis used three steps, is: data condensation, data presenting, and drawing conclusions. The results of data analysis are presented in the form of narrative explanation.
Tionghoa Dungkek dan Pulau Sapudi (Pulau Madura) dan Makna Kubur Berbentuk Perahu
Authors: Cangianto Ardian 
Published: November 2022

Kedatangan masyarakat Tionghoa ke Nusantara sudah berlangsung selama ribuan tahun lamanya dan hubungan antara Tiongkok dengan kerajaan-kerajaan Nusantara dicatat pertama kali dalam “Kronik Han”. Dengan adanya catatan itu menunjukkan berlangsungnya arus migrasi baik dari Nusantara maupun dari Tiongkok.
Dalam perjalanan sejarah arus migrasi dari Tiongkok dan menetapnya mereka di Nusantara, tentunya terjadi asimilasi alamiah dan akulturasi orang-orang Tionghoa yang menyimpan harapan dan keinginan dari kaum imigran Tiongkok yang menetap tersebut. Hal itu dapat kita lihat dalam ornament kelenteng maupun kuburan orang Tionghoa, dalam paper ini akan diuraikan bentuk kuburan kaum Tionghoa di Dungkek dan pulau Sapudi yang amat unik dari bentuknya berupa perahu mengandung unsur pengharapan diterima secara utuh oleh masyarakat tempat mereka tinggal dengan tidak melupakan asal mereka.
Dari pengamatan terlihat adanya perubahan bentuk kuburan dari yang berornamen Tionghoa menjadi bentuk perahu dan kemudian ornament dan bentuk kuburan Tionghoa yang tidak berbentuk perahu lagi. Dari bentuk kuburan itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada empat bentuk kuburan dan juga mewakili tiga masa walau tidak secara sepenuhnya dapat dikatakan harus seperti itu, dan bentuk perubahan dari yang bergaya Tiongkok maupun bergaya ‘modern’ atau makam bernuansa ‘Islam’, dapat menunjukkan kepercayaan mereka, tapi dari pengamatan makam berbentuk ‘perahu’ itu dapat dilihat bahwa ternyata hal itu tidak berlaku berdasarkan kepercayaan.
Bentuk kuburan seperti ‘perahu’ yang merapat itu bisa melambangkan pengharapan akan ketenangan dan penerimaan, juga asal muasal mereka adalah perantau melewati lautan dan mendarat di tanah yang baru.
The Tradition Of Recording And Preserving Manuscripts In China
Authors: Wuryandari Nurni W. 
Published: November 2022

China can be called a country with a consistent attitude in recording various events. Conditions and figures that are considered essential. Besides having a strong tradition of taking notes, China also has a habit of trying to preserve records. One of the crucial figures who contributed to the preservation of the manuscript was the emperor Qian Long (1736-1796), one of the emperors during the Qing dynasty (1644-1911). He collected valuable and rare books into a series of publications called Siku Quanshu (四庫全書), which is often referred to as the Imperial Collection of Four. In addition to collecting various information about their own country, Siku Quanshu also gathers information about other countries, including the Archipelago.
This short paper aims to introduce the tradition of note-taking and the efforts to preserve manuscripts carried out in China, along with its benefits for researchers in China and foreign. Good Chinese language skills are the decisive key to penetrating the collection of knowledge stored in these precious Chinese manuscripts.