bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametrisation of target heat flux distribution and study of transport parameters for boundary modelling in W7-X
Authors: Bold David , Reimold Felix , Niemann Holger , Gao Yu , Jakubowski Marcin , Killer Carsten , Winters Victoria R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Modelling the scrape-off layer (SOL) of a stellarator is challenging due to the complex magnetic 3D geometry. The here presented study analyses simulations of the SOL of the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X using the EMC3-EIRENE code for the magnetic standard configuration. Comparing with experimental observations, the transport model is validated. Based on the experimentally observed strike line width, the anomalous transport coefficients, used as input to the code are determined to around 0.2 m2 s−1. This is however in disagreement with upstream measurements, where such small cross-field transport leads to temperatures higher than measured experimentally.
Analysis of discrepancies between D1S and R2S results of 2016 DD JET Campaign
Authors: Alguacil J. , Catalan J.P. , Sauvan P. , Villari R. , Batistoni P. , Sanz J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the frame of the WPJET3-DT Technology project within the EUROfusion Consortium program, neutronics experiments are being carried out in preparation for the current deuterium–tritium campaign on JET (DTE2). The experiments are conducted to validate the neutronics codes and tools used in ITER, thus reducing the related uncertainties and the associated risks in the machine operation. Recently, the shutdown dose rate (SDR) results of the 2016 DD campaign have been analyzed using the D1S and R2S computational methodologies showing relevant differences between the results provided by both methods. The greatest discrepancies, found in the SDR calculated in the second octant at 6 h after shutdown, are a factor 2 of difference in the total decay photon flux and a different peak location close to 0.511 MeV. This article presents a detailed analysis of the D1S and R2S simulations performed to find the causes of these discrepancies. The conclusions of the analysis determine that the use of the typical neutron and gamma energy structures used in common R2S simulations can tend to a photon flux significant overestimation or a shift in the output spectrum, respectively. In addition to alerting about this important problem in R2S calculations, this article also proposes a solution to mitigate each effect that can be implemented in R2S codes. The application of the proposed solutions significantly reduces the differences between the photon spectrum calculated with D1S and R2S methods.
Survival probability of random walks and Lévy flights with stochastic resetting
Authors: Godrèche Claude , Luck Jean-Marc 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We perform a thorough analysis of the survival probability of symmetric random walks with stochastic resetting, defined as the probability for the walker not to cross the origin up to time n. For continuous symmetric distributions of step lengths with either finite (random walks) or infinite variance (Lévy flights), this probability can be expressed in terms of the survival probability of the walk without resetting, given by Sparre Andersen theory. It is therefore universal, i.e. independent of the step length distribution. We analyze this survival probability at depth, deriving both exact results at finite times and asymptotic late-time results. We also investigate the case where the step length distribution is symmetric but not continuous, focusing our attention onto arithmetic distributions generating random walks on the lattice of integers. We investigate in detail the example of the simple Polya walk and propose an algebraic approach for lattice walks with a larger range.
Analysis and optimization of Dual secondary fuel injector for Thrust vector control
Authors: Sharma Kuldeep , Manohar P M S S , Mishra Ankit Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The motive of this analysis is to compare the performance parameters of a single secondary fuel injector and performance of Dual Secondary fuel injector system for Thrust Vector Control (SITVC) in a supersonic nozzle for different distances between the two ports. With the help of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the performance characteristics of SITVC has been analyzed. Experimental and numerical investigations have been done with various circumstances to examine the performance augmentations of the 2-D nozzle.
Computer-Aided Simulation of Automotive Air Conditioning System
Authors: Suriyakumar J. , Anbazhagan G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Traditionally, automotive air conditioning systems have been developed by selecting the appropriate components to meet the heat load estimates of a vehicle. The practical approach of component selection and testing to get desired output is expensive and time-consuming. Hence, computer-aided simulation plays a vital role to achieve optimal results without loss of money and time. For this purpose, this research work develops and implements a simulation methodology that accurately estimates the performance of the air conditioning system. An integrated model comprising of sub-models for heat exchangers, compressors, and expansion valves has been developed. The simulation model involves assigning each component a functional and a performance model that forms an analysis cycle.
Analysis on Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Concrete Composite for Industrial Flooring – A Review
Authors: Prabakaran E. , Vasanth Kumar D , Jaganathan A. , Ashok Kumar P , Veeerapathran M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFiber composites are the having an good scope in construction industry as they are light in weight, durable, economic, and resistant to temperatures. Many researchers concentrate on the composites for the industrial flooring with the fibers. The main objective of this paper is to review the fiber reinforced epoxy for industrial flooring. Epoxy can be used as flooring elements in industries as they deliver good performance. Since, natural and synthetic fibres can be used with filler matrices, which are very much cheaper than the conventional steel fibres reinforced composite concrete flooring and other type of composites here fibre is considered for reinforcing with epoxy or polymer concrete filler matrix. Fibre-polymer and fibre-concrete composite properties has been reviewed for testing procedure for flexural test, bending test, tensile test and based on the results, it is clear that the fibre-polymer concrete composite, which has good mechanical properties and performance than the mentioned composites, can be made for industrial flooring
Cylinder deactivation technique in multi-cylinder engines for fuel consumption reduction
Authors: Vinod kumar MN , Thamotharan C. , Naveenchandran P. , Raja E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cylinder deactivation is well-known in spark-ignited (SI) engines and compression-ignited (CI) engines. The major reason why the efficiency of these engines is decreased at part load is due to flow restriction in the intake system caused by partially closing throttle valves, which causes increased pumping losses. In order to resolve this issue, the cylinder deactivation system can be implemented in SI engines with four cylinders by developing a suitable control system. Half of the engine's cylinders had their fuel injectors and valve trains turned off, enabling cylinder deactivation (CDA). Fuel consumption was reduced by reducing engine impelling work and decreasing heat transmission to the walls of the cylinder. CDA techniques are tested for their impact on in-cylinder pressure and pumping loss. This work reveals that all of these cylinder deactivation solutions minimize pumping losses and fuel consumption thereby enhancing the engine's thermal efficiency. These findings suggest that closing both intake and exhaust valves is the most effective way of triggering CDA, and lowering BSFC (Brake-specific fuel consumption).
Neural fuzzy network configurator for calculating a residual life of production equipment
Authors: Semenov M E , Ilina S A , Rutskov A L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an intelligent fault diagnosis scheme based on big data analysis method and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is proposed. An experimental study is given on the example of an electric drive of a stirrer of a hydrogenator reactor to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and algorithmic solutions. Numerical experiments demonstrated the possibility of scaling proposed methodology for a wide class of similar process objects with the achievement of accuracy not less than 96.5%. The residual life calculation based on the ANFIS model have been carried out.
Construction of digital terrain models for testing active-pulse television measuring systems
Authors: Zakhlebin A , Movchan A , Kuryachiy M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper considers algorithm for creating a dense cloud of points and an orthomosaic plan of the terrain based on images obtained from a television camera of an unmanned aircraft. Geographic referencing of models is carried out using control points, the exact coordinates of which are determined by the instrumental method in the required coordinate system. The analysis of the number of identification marks involved influence in photogrammetric processing on the final model accuracy is carried out. The possibility of using the obtained models for testing active-pulse television measuring systems is considered.
Influence of the shield on the ultrashort pulse decomposition in a modal filter realized on a double-sided printed circuit board
Authors: Samoylichenko M A , Gazizov T R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A modal filter (MF) with four reference conductors (at the edges of the MF on the outer layers) and with the removal of two diagonal reference conductors is simulated. Using the example of two MFs, the influence of connecting the reference conductors with the shield is evaluated. It is shown that connecting the reference conductors with each other with a shield can eliminate their influence, and the shield can be used as reference conductors. The influence of the shield on the decomposition of the ultrashort pulse in two MF is estimated. The increase in the distance from the conductors to the shield is investigated. It is shown that with increasing the distance, the difference in per-unit-length delays becomes smaller for two MFs. In addition, the amplitude of the first pulse decreases and of the second pulse increases. A greater influence of the shield in the MF without two conductors is revealed.
Continuous wave THz imaging of multi-walled carbon nanotubes polymer composites
Authors: Berdyugin A I , Badin A V , Kuleshov G E , Trofimow E A , Smygalina P P , Dorozhkin K V , Schematilo T N , Gursky R P 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the problem of creating homogeneous composites with on carbon nanotubes is described. To control the quality of the manufactured composites, a system of terahertz visualization of material inhomogeneity using a continuous radiation source is used. An increase in the homogeneity of the composite based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes with an increase in the time of ultrasonic processing during polymerization is noted. The advantages of THz imaging in comparison with optical microscopy are shown.
Research of light diffraction on multilayer PPM-LC diffraction structures under conditions of external electrical influence
Authors: Rastrigin D S , Ivanchenko V G , Dolgirev V O , Sharangovich S N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper presents a theoretical model of light diffraction on multilayer PPM-LC diffraction structures. A numerical calculation of the diffraction characteristics of four-layer PPM-LC diffraction structures under the influence of external electrical action is also given. The possibility of controlling the type of selective response under the influence of an external electric field on each layer of the structure is shown.
Numerical modeling of discharge characteristics of a planar magnetron with injection of electrons from auxiliary discharge
Authors: Zolotukhin D B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present here a numerical model of a planar magnetron with electron injection from the plasma of an auxiliary discharge with the hollow cathode. The model is based on solving a system of stationary equations using the method of successive approximations. The model takes into account the effects of the current of the injected electrons, the operating gas pressure, the magnetic field induction, the flow of the target material into the plasma, and the change in the plasma mass-to-charge composition due to cathode sputtering by ion bombardment. Typical volt-ampere characteristics of a magnetron discharge with electron injection, as well as the mass-to-charge composition of the created gas-metal plasma, are calculated.
Development of the NPA based diagnostic complex in ITER
Authors: Afanasyev V.I. , Chernyshev F.V. , Kozlovsky S.S. , Melnik A.D. , Marinin G.V. , Mironov M.I. , Navolotsky A.S. , Nesenevich V.G. , Petrov M.P. , Petrov S.Ya. , Yatsenko A.V. , Chugunov I.N. , Doinikov D.N. , Iliasova M.V. , Gin D.B. , Khilkevitch E.M. , Polunovsky I.A. , Shevelev A.E. , Artemev K.K. , Krasilnikov V.A. , Kormilitsyn T.M. , Kovalev A.O. , Mokeev A.N. , Turnyanskiy M.R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The NPA based diagnostic complex in ITER consists of four diagnostics: the neutral particle analyzers, the diamond neutral particle spectrometer, the gamma-ray spectrometer, and the neutron spectrometer. The diagnostics are located in equatorial port #11 and share the same vacuum channel. The present paper considers the physical basis of the diagnostic complex and its measurement capabilities in ITER. In addition, the design of the complex and the engineering solutions implemented to meet the ITER requirements are described.
Practical considerations in developing nuclear detectors for tokamak harsh environments
Authors: Angelone M. , Raj P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fusion tokamaks (FT) and hybrid fusion-fission reactors (HFFR) present harsh working conditions characterized by intense neutron and gamma fluxes (>1012 cm−2 s−1), high working temperatures (up to 600 °C) and corrosive environment. The breeding blanket region (BB) of these plants are resulting very hostile to the detectors used to monitor/measure fundamental nuclear parameters such as neutron/gamma fluxes and energy spectra, and tritium production. Presently no detectors are ready for being hosted in the harsh environment of the BB and R&D activity is needed to develop and test the candidate detectors. Some important lessons can be learned from past activities carried out in the EU and devoted to studying and realizing nuclear detector prototypes for the European Test Blanket Modules (TBM) of ITER. Amongst the other, these studies pointed out the need for intense neutron fields and calibration facilities closely reproducing the expected working environments to be used for reliable testing and calibration of the prototypes.
Accurate simulation by Monte Carlo technique of the proposed detectors allows to mimic and foresee the response and performances of the detectors pointing out several fundamental and critical aspects on the physical response of the detector so helping in understanding the detectors response. This can help in selecting the best performing detector. The selection is based upon a multi-step procedure.
The lesson learned for ITER-TBM can be helpful to study and develop nuclear detectors to be used in HFFR reactors and in next fusion machines like DEMO this because, despite the difference, the ITER-TBMs and the BB of fusion devices and HFFR reactors experience a number of similarities in terms of radiation level, temperature and nuclear quantities to be measured.
In this paper, after discussing the requirements to be fulfilled by the nuclear detectors that must operate in the harsh environments we will discuss an example of detector development by considering the case of a self-power neutron detector (SPND) with chromium emitter studied and developed for ITER-TBM. The detailed Monte Carlo analysis is also reported and the many issues not yet solved are highlighted and the possible follow up to HFFR instrumentation discussed.
A low power clock generator 400–1800 MHz for ADPLL
Authors: Atkin E. , Ivanov P. , Normanov D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a low-power all-digital clock generator (ADCG) designed for reading and processing signals from detectors of large physical experiments. The clock generator operates with a reference clock frequency of 10 to 50 MHz and generates an output signal ranging from 400 to 1800 MHz in 10 MHz steps. The clock generator has been approved in 28 nm CMOS technology of TSMC. The power consumption and chip area of the block are 1.5 mW and 80 × 80 μm2 correspondingly. A wide range of reference and output frequencies makes this block versatile in application.
Proton Sound Detector for beam range/dose measurement in FLASH hadron therapy
Authors: Vallicelli E.A. , Baschirotto A. , De Matteis M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Proton Sound Detectors (ProSDs) sense (at low latency, <1 ms) the thermoacoustic signal generated by the fast energy deposition at the Bragg peak of a proton beam penetrating an energy absorber. ProSDs are especially promising for experimental monitoring of high pulse rate (FLASH) hadron therapy treatments working in-sync with the beam. This paper presents a mixed signal detector, capable of sensing and processing high rate (1k beam shots/sec) ionacoustic signals with low latency (<1 ms). The system was validated by measuring the dose deposition of a 20 MeV proton beam in water, achieving 3.43% precision (±2.75 GyRMS) after 50 ms acquisition (77.56 Gy total dose deposition).
Ion temperature spectroscopic measurements in high rotation discharges by means of X-ray diagnostic at JET
Authors: Kozioł Karol , Brosławski Andrzej , Patel Ashwin , Weisen Henri , Rzadkiewicz Jacek 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Measurement of the X-ray spectra of the He-like Ni ions (Ni26+) and their dielectronic satellites (Ni25+, Ni24+, and Ni23+) plays a crucial role in determination of electronic and ion temperature of plasma in the JET device. Because n ⩾ 3 satellites of Ni25+ overlap with resonance line of Ni26+, it is important to reconstruct the structure of these satellites reliably. It is especially important in the cases when plasma rotation is high which may result in an additional broadening of the resonance line. This work is an attempt to identify possible causes of the additional broadening of the resonance line due to the effect of overlapping the dielectronic satellites with the resonance line of Ni26+ and the effect of toroidal plasma rotation shear.
A programmable readout system for 3He/BF3 neutron detectors
Authors: Venturini Y. , Abba A. , Garosi P. , Paoli N. , Tintori C. , Venaruzzo M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
CAEN SpA has developed a 19″ rack-mount solution for the readout of 3He/BF3 tubes. It is a scalable system allowing the user to put together few to hundreds neutron detectors. It is composed of a CAEN R803x high voltage board, CAEN R1443 preamplifier specifically designed to work at best with 3He/BF3 tubes and CAEN R5560 14-bit 125 MS/s open FPGA digitizer. Thanks to its firmware programmability, this readout system can perform specific filtering to achieve the best charge, timing and position measurements. CAEN provides a DAQ software to remotely manage the system and acquire waveforms, energy, ToF spectra and perform position reconstruction. Moreover, the R5560 offers the possibility to use SCI-Compiler, a block-diagram-based software which allows to easily implement custom pulse processing algorithms in the board FPGA.
Study and characterisation of pad-based readout for RPC detector
Authors: L Umesh , Inbanathan S.S.R. , Saraf M.N. , Satyanarayana B. , Shinde R.R. , Majumder G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) is a parallel plate
avalanche type particle detector which uses a gas mixture as its
active detection medium. While high resistivity materials like glass
or bakelite plates are commonly used as the detector electrodes,
plastic core-based and metal foil laminated pickup panels with
segmented strips are used to readout the induced signals. Large area
RPCs (of dimension 2 m× 2 m) of this design are
chosen as the active detector elements for the India-based Neutrino
Observatory's (INO) magnetised Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector. One
of the main goals of the ICAL detector is a precision measurement of
neutrino oscillation parameters. As part of the ongoing detector
R&D, a pad-based — instead of strip-based readout — scheme is
being developed to improve localization of particle hit positions,
while retaining good charge profile and noise rate characteristics
of the strip-based RPC based detectors.
Higher landscape diversity associated with improved crop production resilience in Kansas-USA
Authors: Nelson Katherine S , Patalee Buddhika , Yao Becatien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cropland expansion and agriculture intensification have been the primary methods to increase food production since the 19th century. The resulting landscape simplification, however, can impede long-term agricultural crop productivity. This paper examines the role of landscape diversification on resilience of corn, soy, and winter wheat production, in terms of crop yield and yield variability, in the state of Kansas. The study uses panel data analysis with county fixed effects and time trends to estimate the relationship between landscape diversity and crop production resilience. Results show that diversity has a significant positive effect on yields after controlling for weather, irrigation, and chemical inputs. We find that the yields of winter wheat increase, on average, by 28% at high levels of landscape diversity, while corn and soy yields increase 7% and 5%, respectively. In addition, we find that increases in landscape diversity are significantly associated with reduced yield variability for winter wheat and corn, and that landscape diversity mitigates the effect of extreme weather conditions on yield. Study findings suggest that within a single, relatively low diversity state, increasing landscape diversity is positively associated with crop production resilience. Future extreme climate conditions may reduce crop yields and yield stability, requiring appropriate policies to ensure food security. Our findings suggest that landscape diversification may be an important tool within a portfolio of approaches to increase crop resilience under highly variable weather conditions.
3rd International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social and Economic Matters
Authors: Semerikov S O , Chukharev S M , Sakhno S I , Striuk A M , Iatsyshin Andrii V , Klimov S V , Osadchyi V V , Vakaliuk T A , Nechypurenko P P , Bondarenko O V , Danylchuk H B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper represents a preface to the Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social, and Economic Matters (ICSF 2022) held at the Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 24–27 May 2022. Background information and the organizational structure of the meeting, program committee, and acknowledgments of the contributions of the many people who made the conference a success are presented.