bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A NOTE ON THE TEXT AND INTERPRETATION OF CICERO, DE FATO 35
Authors: Dyck Andrew R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDe fato 35 is part of Cicero's argument against the Stoic theory of causation. He claims in general that the Stoic chain of causes consists of antecedent but not efficient causes. To the examples cited in the previous chapter he adds verses from the opening of Ennius’ Medea exul (lines 208–11 Jocelyn = FRL 2 and TRF 89.1–4) containing the Nurse's lamentation over the origins of the Argonautic expedition that led, ultimately, to Medea's current mental distress. Then follows the question quorsum haec praeterita? and the answer quia sequitur illud, ‘nam numquam era errans mea domo ecferret pedem | Medea, animo aegro, amore saeuo saucia’, non ut eae res causam adferrent amoris, citing Ennius, Medea exul 215–16 Jocelyn = FRL 2 and TRF 89.8–9. Editors and commentators have struggled to explain the relation of the answer to the question. Here it is argued that the relation becomes clear if one adopts non<ne> for non and punctuates with a query after amoris. The sense will be: ‘Why have these past events been cited? In view of the sequel … was it not so that they bring on the cause of love?’ In other words, the Nurse, like the Stoics in Cicero's view, cites antecedent events as if they were efficient causes.
Tropical Continents Rainier Than Expected From Geometrical Constraints
Authors: Hohenegger Cathy , Stevens Bjorn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAbundant rainfall over tropical land masses sustains rich ecosystems, a crucial source of biodiversity and sink of carbon. Here, we use two characteristics of the observed tropical precipitation distribution, its distinctive zonal arrangement and its partitioning between land and ocean, to understand whether land conditions the climate to receive more than its fair share of precipitation as set by the land‐sea distribution. Our analysis demonstrates that it is not possible to explain the tropics‐wide partitioning of precipitation unless one assumes that rain is favored over land. Land receives more than its fair share of precipitation by broadening and letting the tropical rainbelts move more, effectively underpinning a negative feedback between surface water storage and precipitation. In contrast, rain is disfavored over land in climate models. Our findings suggest that the abundance of rainfall that shapes the terrestrial tropical biosphere is more robust to perturbations than models have suggested.
Role of Sea Surface Physical Processes in Mixed‐Layer Temperature Changes During Summer Marine Heat Waves in the Chile‐Peru Current System
Authors: Cooley Kylene M. , Fewings Melanie R. , Lerczak James A. , O’Neill Larry W. , Brown Kevin S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe identified anomalously warm sea surface temperature (SST) events during 1980–2019 near the major upwelling center at Punta Lavapié in the central Chile‐Peru Current System, using the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis and focusing on time scales of 10 days to 6 months. Extreme warm SST anomalies on these time scales mostly occurred in the austral summer, December through February, and had spatial scales of 1000s of km. By compositing over the 37 most extreme warm events, we estimated terms in a heat budget for the ocean surface mixed layer at the times of strongest warming preceding the events. The net surface heat flux anomaly is too small to explain the anomalous warming, even when allowing for uncertainty in mixed‐layer depth. The composite mean anomaly of wind stress, from satellite ocean vector wind swath data, during the 37 anomalous warming periods has a spatial pattern similar to the resulting warm SST anomalies, analogous to previous studies in the California Current System. The weakened surface wind stress suggests reduced entrainment of cold water from below the mixed layer. Within 100–200 km of the coast, the typical upwelling‐favorable wind stress curl decreases, suggesting reduced upwelling of cold water. In a 1000‐km area of anomalous warming offshore, the typical downwelling‐favorable wind stress curl also decreases, implying reduced downward Ekman pumping, which would allow mixed‐layer shoaling and amplify the effect of the positive climatological summertime net surface heat flux.
Testing the Linearity of Combined Electron Scattering Effects Driven by Simultaneous H+ and He+ Band EMIC Waves
Authors: Yi Juan , Fu Song , Ni Binbin , Zhou Ruoxian , Cao Xing , Xiang Zheng , Gu Xudong , Ma Xin , Yun Xiaotong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to examine whether the combined scattering effects simultaneously induced by different plasma waves can be treated as the linear superposition (LS) of independent scattering effect caused by each single wave mode or not. Accordingly, this study investigates the individual and combined scattering effects of simultaneous H+ and He+ band electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves as an example. Both quasi‐linear theory and test particle simulations have been applied to evaluate the scattering effects in the form of diffusion rates and single particle tracing. The narrowband EMIC waves with amplitudes (1, 5, and 10 nT) and monochromatic EMIC waves with amplitudes ranging from 0.1 to 10 nT have been adopted in this study to involve both linear and nonlinear resonant scattering effects. The analysis on resonant condition indicates that H+ and He+ band EMIC waves can simultaneously scatter electrons with the same energies and pitch angles. For both narrowband and monochromatic EMIC waves, the combined diffusion rates induced by simultaneous two band waves are consistent with the LS of independent scattering rates caused by single band waves. The following single particle tracing presents two different wave‐particle interaction conditions at different magnetic latitudes. In conclusion, our results suggest that the linear superposed scattering results can effectively evaluate the combined resonant scattering effects driven by two‐band EMIC waves, which can easily be generalized to estimate the combined scattering effects simultaneously induced by different plasma waves for radiation belt modeling.
The Effect of Harbor Developments on Future High‐Tide Flooding in Miami, Florida
Authors: De Leo F. , Talke S. A. , Orton P. M. , Wahl T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the effect of tidal changes on minor flooding in most lagoonal estuaries, often due to a paucity of historical records that predate landscape changes. In this contribution, we recover and apply archival tidal range data to show that the mean tidal range in Miami, Florida, has almost doubled since 1900, from 0.32 to 0.61 m today. A likely cause is the dredging of a ∼15 m deep, 150 m wide harbor entrance channel beginning in the early 20th century, which changed northern Biscayne Bay from a choked inlet system to one with a tidal range close to coastal conditions. To investigate the implications for high‐tide flooding, we develop and validate a tidal‐inference based methodology that leverages estimates of pre‐1900 tidal range to obtain historical tidal predictions and constituents. Next, water level predictions that represent historical and modern water level variations are projected forward in time using different sea level rise scenarios. Results show that the historical increase in tidal range hastened the occurrence of present‐day flooding, and that the total integrated number of days with high‐tide floods in the 2020–2100 period will be approximately O(103) more under present day tides compared to pre‐development conditions. These results suggest that tidal change may be a previously under‐appreciated factor in the increasing prevalence of high‐tide flooding in lagoonal estuaries, and our methods open the door to improving our understanding of other heavily‐altered systems.
Photoinduced large polaron transport and dynamics in organic–inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskite with terahertz probes
Authors: Jin Zuanming , Peng Yan , Fang Yuqing , Ye Zhijiang , Fan Zhiyuan , Liu Zhilin , Bao Xichang , Gao Heng , Ren Wei , Wu Jing , Ma Guohong , Chen Qianli , Zhang Chao , Balakin Alexey V. , Shkurinov Alexander P. , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have attracted tremendous attention for optoelectronic applications. The long photocarrier lifetime and moderate carrier mobility have been proposed as results of the large polaron formation in MHPs. However, it is challenging to measure the effective mass and carrier scattering parameters of the photogenerated large polarons in the ultrafast carrier recombination dynamics. Here, we show, in a one-step spectroscopic method, that the optical-pump and terahertz-electromagnetic probe (OPTP) technique allows us to access the nature of interplay of photoexcited unbound charge carriers and optical phonons in polycrystalline CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) of about 10 μm grain size. Firstly, we demonstrate a direct spectral evidence of the large polarons in polycrystalline MAPbI3. Using the Drude–Smith–Lorentz model along with the Frӧhlich-type electron-phonon (e-ph) coupling, we determine the effective mass and scattering parameters of photogenerated polaronic carriers. We discover that the resulting moderate polaronic carrier mobility is mainly influenced by the enhanced carrier scattering, rather than the polaron mass enhancement. While, the formation of large polarons in MAPbI3 polycrystalline grains results in a long charge carrier lifetime at room temperature. Our results provide crucial information about the photo-physics of MAPbI3 and are indispensable for optoelectronic device development with better performance.
Exploiting optical degrees of freedom for information multiplexing in diffractive neural networks
Authors: Zuo Chao , Chen Qian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExploiting internal degrees of freedom of light, such as polarization, provides efficient ways to scale the capacity of optical diffractive computing, which may ultimately lead to high-throughput, multifunctional all-optical diffractive processors that can execute a diverse range of tasks in parallel.
Mitochondrial fission induces immunoescape in solid tumors through decreasing MHC-I surface expression
Authors: Lei Xinyuan , Lin Hsinyu , Wang Jieqi , Ou Zhanpeng , Ruan Yi , Sadagopan Ananthan , Chen Weixiong , Xie Shule , Chen Baisheng , Li Qunxing , Wang Jue , Lin Huayue , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yuan Xiaoqing , Tian Tian , Lv Xiaobin , Fu Sha , Zhu Xiaorui , Zhou Jian , Pan Guokai , Xia Xin , Tannous Bakhos A. , Ferrone Soldano , Fan Song , Li Jinsong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMitochondrial dynamics can regulate Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-I antigen expression by cancer cells and their immunogenicity in mice and in patients with malignancies. A crucial role in the mitochondrial fragmentation connection with immunogenicity is played by the IRE1α-XBP-1s axis. XBP-1s is a transcription factor for aminopeptidase TPP2, which inhibits MHC-I complex cell surface expression likely by degrading tumor antigen peptides. Mitochondrial fission inhibition with Mdivi-1 upregulates MHC-I expression on cancer cells and enhances the efficacy of adoptive T cell therapy in patient-derived tumor models. Therefore mitochondrial fission inhibition might provide an approach to enhance the efficacy of T cell-based immunotherapy.
The Australian Shark-Incident Database for quantifying temporal and spatial patterns of shark-human conflict
Authors: Riley Madeline , Meagher Phoebe , Huveneers Charlie , Leto Jacob , Peddemors Victor M. , Slip David , West John , Bradshaw Corey J. A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe describe the Australian Shark-Incident Database, formerly known as the Australian Shark-Attack File, which contains comprehensive reports of 1,196 shark bites that have occurred in Australia over 231 years (1791–2022). Data were collated by the Taronga Conservation Society Australia using purpose-designed questionnaires provided to shark-bite victims or witnesses, media reports, and information provided by the department responsible for fisheries in each Australian state (including the Northern Territory). The dataset includes provoked and unprovoked bites from fresh, brackish, and marine waters in Australia. Data span 22 suspected shark species. This dataset will be publicly available, and can be used by analysts to decipher environmental, biological, and social patterns of shark bites in Australia. The information will aid scientists, conservationists, authorities, and members of the public to make informed decisions when implementing or selecting mitigation measures.
Effects of a supervised exercise program in addition to electrical stimulation or kinesio taping in low back pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aguilar-Ferrándiz María Encarnación , Matarán-Peñarrocha Guillermo A. , Tapia-Haro Rosa María , Castellote-Caballero Yolanda , Martí-García Celia , Castro-Sánchez Adelaida María 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChronic low back pain it is one of the most common health problems worldwide. Usually is accompanied by a complex set of symptoms and generates significant direct and indirect socioeconomic and health costs. From a therapeutic point of view, there are a wide variety of methods to address the treatment of this pathology, however, these therapies have not been shown definitive efficacy. To investigate the effect of a mixed treatment with exercise and electrical stimulation versus exercise and kinesio taping in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain. A total of 58 patients participated in this single-blinded randomised clinical trial. Participants were assigned to the exercises- kinesio taping group, or exercises- analgesic current group, both received 12 treatment sessions. Disability, fear of movement, anxiety, depression, sleeps quality, pain, lower limb mechanosensitivity and pressure-pain thresholds were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The 2 × 2 mixed analysis of covariance test showed statistically significant differences between groups for pain (P = 0.046). Pair-wise comparisons with baseline demonstrated significant differences for both groups in pain (P ≤ 0.001), disability (P ≤ 0.001), pressure-pain thresholds (P ≤ 0.044), lower limb mechanosensitivity, (P ≤ 0.047), anxiety (P ≤ 0.001), depression (P ≤ 0.001) and sleep quality (P ≤ 0.010). Patients with chronic low back pain who received a combined treatment of exercises and kinesio taping or analgesic current showed an improvement in pain, disability, anxiety, depression and sleep pattern. Moreover, exercises combined with electrotherapy produces greater improvements over these variables.Trial registration: NCT02812459.
Multiscale Brazil nut effects in bioturbated sediment
Authors: Savranskaia Tatiana , Egli Ramon , Valet Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSize segregation in granular materials is a universal phenomenon popularly known as the Brazil nut effect (BNE), from the tendency of larger nuts to end on the top of a shaken container. In nature, fast granular flows bear many similarities with well-studied mixing processes. Instead, much slower phenomena, such as the accumulation of ferromanganese nodules (FN) on the seafloor, have been attributed to the BNE but remain essentially unexplained. Here we document, for the first time, the BNE on sub-millimetre particles in pelagic sediment and propose a size segregation model for the surface mixed layer of bioturbated sediments. Our model explains the size distribution of FN seeds, pointing to a uniform segregation mechanism over sizes ranging from < 1 mm to > 1 cm, which does not depend on selective ingestion by feeding organisms. In addition to explaining FN nucleation, our model has important implications for microfossil dating and the mechanism underlying sedimentary records of the Earth’s magnetic field.
First-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of Ho$$_{\text{W}}$$ impurities in single-layer tungsten disulfide
Authors: Khan M. A. , Leuenberger Michael N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe electronic and optical properties of single-layer (SL) tungsten disulfide (WS$$_2$$

2

) in the presence of substitutional Holmium impurities (Ho$$_{\text{W}}$$

W

) are studied. Although Ho is much larger than W, density functional theory (DFT) including spin-orbit coupling is used to show that Ho:SL WS$$_2$$

2

is stable. The magnetic moment of the Ho impurity is found to be 4.75$$\mu _B$$

μ
B

using spin-dependent DFT. The optical selection rules identified in the optical spectrum match exactly the optical selection rules derived by means of group theory. The presence of neutral Ho$$_W$$

W

impurities gives rise to localized impurity states (LIS) with f-orbital character in the band structure. Using the Kubo-Greenwood formula and Kohn-Sham orbitals we obtain atom-like sharp transitions in the in-plane and out-of-plane components of the susceptibility tensor, Im$$\chi _{\parallel }$$

χ
‖

and Im$$\chi _{\perp }$$

χ
⊥

. The optical resonances are in good agreement with experimental data.
ArtSeg—Artifact segmentation and removal in brightfield cell microscopy images without manual pixel-level annotations
Authors: Ali Mohammed A. S. , Hollo Kaspar , Laasfeld Tõnis , Torp Jane , Tahk Maris-Johanna , Rinken Ago , Palo Kaupo , Parts Leopold , Fishman Dmytro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBrightfield cell microscopy is a foundational tool in life sciences. The acquired images are prone to contain visual artifacts that hinder downstream analysis, and automatically removing them is therefore of great practical interest. Deep convolutional neural networks are state-of-the-art for image segmentation, but require pixel-level annotations, which are time-consuming to produce. Here, we propose ScoreCAM-U-Net, a pipeline to segment artifactual regions in brightfield images with limited user input. The model is trained using only image-level labels, so the process is faster by orders of magnitude compared to pixel-level annotation, but without substantially sacrificing the segmentation performance. We confirm that artifacts indeed exist with different shapes and sizes in three different brightfield microscopy image datasets, and distort downstream analyses such as nuclei segmentation, morphometry and fluorescence intensity quantification. We then demonstrate that our automated artifact removal ameliorates this problem. Such rapid cleaning of acquired images using the power of deep learning models is likely to become a standard step for all large scale microscopy experiments.
Evaluation of blood perfusion using laser doppler flowmetry during endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy in patients with plantar hyperhidrosis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Lee Yea-Chan , You Young Kyung , Lee Sungsoo , Moon Duk Hwan , Lee Ji-Won 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate whether monitoring the changes of skin blood flow may be effective in assessing blood perfusion during endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy (ELS) in patients with plantar hyperhidrosis. In this study, a total of 30 patients who underwent surgical treatment for plantar hyperhidrosis at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in Yonsei University Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, between July 2020 and December 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. Sympathetic denervation was performed on the third lumbar ganglion, and intraoperative laser doppler flowmetry (LDF) was used to detect the lumbar sympathetic chain accurately. We observed an abrupt increase of peripheral blood flow after sympathetic denervation, and the median percent changes of perfusion unit were 173.27 (inter-quartile range, IQR 195.48) and 392.98 (IQR 597.27) for the left and right sympathectomies, respectively. This study demonstrated the efficacy of monitoring skin blood flow via LDF during ELS. This result suggests that exact detection of blood flow using LDF is essential for improving the accuracy of ELS by checking the perfusion site on the sole in patients with plantar hyperhidrosis.
Long-term clinical and angiographic outcome of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Liebig Thomas , Siebert Eberhard , Dorn Franziska , Pflaeging Muriel , Forbrig Robert , Pennig Lenhard , Schlamann Marc , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is a well-established device for endovascular treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. The objective was to evaluate the long-term angiographic outcome of the WEB and to identify factors that influence aneurysm occlusion. Patient, aneurysm and procedural characteristics of 213 consecutive patients treated with the WEB at three German tertiary care centers between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Aneurysm occlusion was determined immediately after the procedure, at mid-term (≤ 12 months) and at long-term (> 12 months) follow-up. Among 182 included aneurysms (mean diameter: 7.0 ± 2.4, mean neck width: 4.3 ± 1.6 mm), 29.7% were ruptured. The novel WEB 17 was used in 41.8%, and 11.0% were treated in combination with coiling and/or stenting. Complete and adequate occlusions were observed in 101/155 (65.2%) and 133/155 (85.8%) at mid-term, respectively, and in 59/94 (62.8%) and 87/94 (92.6%) at long-term follow-up (median: 19 months), respectively. Among 92 patients available for both mid- and long-term follow-up, occlusion was stable in 72.8%, improved in 16.3% and worsened in 10.9%. There were no major recurrences leading to aneurysm remnants between mid- and long-term follow-up. Retreatment was performed in 10/155 (6.5%) during mid-term and in 1/94 (1.0%) during long-term follow-up. The WEB provides durable aneurysm occlusion at the long-term. Nevertheless, follow-up imaging is necessary to identify late recurrences that may occur in around 10%.
Essential oil-mediated biocompatible magnesium nanoparticles with enhanced antibacterial, antifungal, and photocatalytic efficacies
Authors: Pathania Diksha , Kumar Sunil , Thakur Pankaj , Chaudhary Vishal , Kaushik Ajeet , Varma Rajender S. , Furukawa Hidemitsu , Sharma Mamta , Khosla Ajit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEmergent application of antimicrobial strategies as symptomatic treatment in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and linkage of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 with microbial infections, has created colossal demand for antimicrobials. For the first time, this communication explore the physicochemical, antifungal, antibacterial, and photocatalytic properties of biogenic magnesium nanoparticles (MgNPs), synthesized using essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus's as an efficient multifunctional reducing and stabilizing/capping reagent. It is observed that MgNPs (ranging in size: 8–16 nm) of varying phytochemical compositions (MgS1, MgS2, MgS3) exhibited various useful physicochemical, antimicrobial, and photocatalytic properties. FTIR outcomes highlight the functional biomolecules-assisted reduction of Mg from Mg+ to Mg0. Among all, MgS3-Nps owing to the smallest particle size exhibited superior photocatalytic efficacy (91.2%) for the methylene blue degradation upon direct exposure to the sunlight for 3 h without using any reducing agents. Fabricated MgNPs also exhibited excellent antifungal (against Fusarium oxysporum) and antibacterial (versus Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) efficacies compared to state-of-the-art antimicrobial agents deployed for the treatment of infectious diseases. Based on this investigated greener approach, imperative from economic and environmental viewpoint, such essential oil based-MgNPs can be a potential nanosystem for various industrial applications where photocatalytic, and biomedical attributes are the key requirements.