bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annual changes in ovarian development stages of farmed female red‐spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara, and inducing sexual maturity using photoperiod manipulation
Authors: Kim Byeong‐Hoon , Choi Song‐Hee , Lee Young‐Don , Lee Chi‐Hoon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between melatonin and the reproductive mechanism of farmed female red‐spotted groupers, Epinephelus akaara. Through the reproductive cycle experiment, the sexual maturity period was determined to be from June to July, following which the spawning season occurred in August. In addition, kiss1, kiss2, and GPR54 mRNA expression levels peaked in January, whereas that of sbGnRH mRNA remained at high levels from January to May and decreased during the sexual maturity and spawning seasons. During the day–night cycle, a nocturnal rhythm of AANAT2 mRNA expression was observed in the brain, and AANAT2 mRNA expression showed a seasonal pattern with increased expression during summer compared with that in winter. A correlation between melatonin and reproduction‐related genes could not be observed via melatonin administration, and sexual maturity was observed to be more induced under long photoperiod conditions compared with short photoperiod conditions. These results indicate that the reproductive mechanism of the farmed female red‐spotted grouper is related to changes in photoperiod and melatonin, and further research is needed to clarify the reproductive mechanism. Our findings provide basic information for identifying the reproductive mechanisms of farmed E. akaara.
Brazilian marine phylogeography: A literature synthesis and analysis of barriers
Authors: Martins Nuno T. , Macagnan Leonardo B. , Cassano Valéria , Gurgel Carlos Frederico D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn the last 30 years a plethora of phylogeography studies have been published targeting Brazilian marine species. To date, several historical and extant physical and ecological processes have been identified as drivers of allopatric, sympatric and parapatric population genetic differentiation detected along the Brazilian coast. Examples of extant physical barriers include the split of the South Equatorial Current into the Brazil and North Brazil boundary currents, the mouth of major rivers (e.g., Amazon, São Francisco and Doce rivers) and coastal upwellings. Examples of historical barriers include the Vitória–Trindade seamount chain promoting genetic differentiation during periods of glacial maxima and lower sea levels. Examples of ecological speciation include adaptations to different substrata, resource use and reproductive biology. We used published data to build data sets and generalized additive models to identify patterns of spatial phylogeographical concordance across multiple taxa and markers. Our results identify Cape São Roque as the most dominant extant barrier to gene flow along the Brazilian coast, followed by the Vitória–Trindade seamount chain and Cape Santa Marta. Cape Santa Marta is the northern winter limit of the Rio da Plata plume and is intermittently influenced by the Malvinas Current. This study provides a novel explicit quantitative approach to comparative phylogeography that recognizes four Brazilian phylogeographical regions delimited by processes associated with barriers to gene flow.
Organic food consumption and fecundability in a preconception cohort study of Danish couples trying to conceive
Authors: Weissert Sissel Jessen , Mikkelsen Ellen Margrethe , Jacobsen Bjarke H. , Hatch Elizabeth E. , Wesselink Amelia K. , Wise Lauren A. , Rothman Kenneth J. , Sørensen Henrik T. , Laursen Anne Sofie Dam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about potential health effects of eating organic food in relation to reproduction.ObjectiveWe examined associations between organic food consumption and fecundability.MethodsData were derived from a preconception cohort study of Danish couples trying to conceive (SnartForældre.dk, SF). Participants completed a baseline questionnaire on socio‐demographics, anthropometrics and lifestyle and a validated food‐frequency questionnaire, which included questions on proportions of organic food consumed within six food groups. Participants were followed up with bimonthly questionnaires for up to 12 months or until pregnancy. Analyses were restricted to 2061 participants attempting pregnancy for ≤6 cycles at enrollment and 1303 with <3 cycles. Fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by proportional probabilities regression models adjusted for potential confounders including age, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Associations were examined for vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products, eggs and meat, separately, and for the overall pattern of organic food consumption (organic sum score).ResultsThe final analytic sample comprised 2069 participants. In the full cohort, organic food consumption was not meaningfully associated with fecundability. Among participants <3 cycles of pregnancy attempt at study entry (n = 1303), the FR was 1.11 (95% CI 0.93, 1.33) for the category ‘less than half’, for ‘more than half’ the FR was 1.17 (95% CI 0.99, 1.38) and for ‘almost everything’ the FR was 1.12 (95% CI 0.97, 1.28).ConclusionHigher consumption of organic foods was not meaningfully associated with fecundability, although slightly greater fecundability was seen among participants with <3 cycles of pregnancy attempt time.
Impact of monocyte‐related modulators and kidney function on mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Sendic Senka , Mansouri Ladan , Havervall Sebastian , Thålin Charlotte , Lundahl Joachim , Jacobson Stefan H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk of severe complications from COVID‐19 and functional monocyte disturbances have been implicated to play a role. Our objective was to analyse the association between kidney function and monocyte modulatory factors, with risk of mortality in patients with COVID‐19. Hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 (n = 110) were included and in‐hospital mortality was analysed with unadjusted and adjusted multiple logistic regression analysis. Plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant factors (MIP‐1α, MCP‐1, IL‐6) and a monocyte immune modulator (sCD14) were analysed and correlated to kidney function and risk of mortality. Monocyte modulatory factors were also determined in CKD patients without infection (disease controls) and in healthy subjects. Patients who died in hospital were more often in CKD stages 3‐5, with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and had significantly higher MIP‐1α and IL‐6 levels than survivors. In multiple regression analyses adjusted for age, sex and eGFR, both high MCP‐1 and high MIP‐1α were significantly associated with risk of in‐hospital mortality. Apart from impaired kidney function, also the concentrations of MCP‐1 and MIP‐1α add important prognostic information in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19. These data provide an increased understanding of the impact of monocyte modulators in patients with COVID‐19 and normal or impaired kidney function, and warrant consideration in the pursuit of new effective therapies.
Empowering learners to provide dietary counselling
Authors: Jain Seema , Higashi Robin T. , Bonnema Rachel , Albin Jaclyn 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite calls to increase dietary counselling by physicians to help address the epidemic of lifestyle‐related chronic disease, medical education does not equip future physicians with the training to provide effective dietary counselling. In addition to the multiple barriers that clinician educators face in implementing clinically relevant nutrition education curricula, evaluation modalities in the nutrition education literature that assess student skills and behaviour remain limited.ApproachWe implemented a brief, virtual nutrition education intervention in a US medical school during the outpatient clinical clerkship and assessed how our curriculum influenced students' development of dietary counselling skills.EvaluationStudent feedback revealed appreciation for learning how to approach conversations about diet in a non‐judgmental manner and specific strategies to use during counselling. We thematically analysed the free‐text responses from 81 dietary counselling encounter forms submitted by students. Three emergent themes reflected the key dietary counselling skills students demonstrated during patient encounters: (1) eliciting drivers of current eating patterns and barriers to healthier eating patterns, (2) individualising recommendations and (3) recommending evidence‐based strategies.ImplicationsAfter receiving brief, clinically relevant, virtual nutrition education, students were able to successfully apply dietary counselling skills to patient care. In conjunction with indirect skill assessment through targeted documentation, we offer a sustainable approach for feasible nutrition education paired with meaningful evaluation.
Probing the interstitial calcium compartment
Authors: Valiente‐Gabioud Ariel A. , Fabritius Arne , Griesbeck Oliver 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCalcium in interstitial fluids is a crucial ion pool for entry into cells through a plethora of calcium‐permeable channels. It is also sensed actively by dedicated receptors. While the mechanisms of global calcium homeostasis and regulation in body fluids appear well understood, more efforts and new technology are needed to elucidate local calcium handling in the small and relatively isolated interstitial spaces between cells. Here we review current methodology for monitoring interstitial calcium and highlight the potential of new approaches for its study. In particular, new generations of high‐performance low‐affinity genetically encoded calcium indicators could allow imaging of calcium in relatively inaccessible intercellular structures in live tissues and organisms.
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Study of Ultrasonic-Guided Wave Interaction With Core Crush Damage for Nondestructive Evaluation of a Honeycomb Composite Sandwich Panel
Authors: Raja B. Ramana , Tallur Siddharth , Banerjee Sauvik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHoneycomb composite sandwich structures are extensively used for the manufacturing of many different components of aerospace, automobiles, wind turbine blades, and marine ship hull structures. Despite its widespread use and advantages, the honeycomb core is frequently damaged during production and operation, even if the damage is not visible on the face-sheet. In this study, an ultrasonic-guided wave (GW) propagation technique is utilized for robust and reliable nondestructive evaluation of a honeycomb composite sandwich panel (HCSP) in the presence of core crush damage. A 2D semi-analytical model was developed to understand the dispersion characteristics in the HCSP and to identify various modes of GW propagation in the signals. Extensive numerical simulations are carried out using abaqus to study the guided wave interaction with core crush damage. For this purpose, two numerical models were considered (a realistic model with both crushed core and cavity, and a simplified model that only comprises the cavity) and experimentally validated using a contact-type transducer. The presence of core crush damage in an HCSP increases the amplitude and group velocity of the primary antisymmetric mode, and this characteristic has been used for localization of the core crush region in the HCSP. Finally, a damage detection algorithm using signal difference coefficient is presented for successful localization of the core crush region within a square monitoring area. Unlike other studies reported in the literature, we demonstrate the utility of the simplified numerical model for studying GW interactions with core crush defect and experimentally validate the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique to localize core crush defect on an HCSP.
Slip Characteristics in Cylindrical Roller Bearings—Part III: Influence of Bearing Clearance on the Roller and Set Slip
Authors: Dawoud Michael , Beitler Stephan , Schwarze Hubert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The set and roller slip of an NU215 cylindrical roller bearing with medium clearance (MC) and tight clearance (TC) classes have been tested and compared to those of extensive clearance (EC) presented in Parts I and II of this publication. A total of two cages were tested in this part presenting the brass and polyamide single-part cages. The normal TC clearance under the tight fitting of the inner and outer rings resulted in preloading of all the rollers and hence no set slip. Under low oil flowrates, the roller experienced no slip even in the load free zone. For the MC clearance, the polyamide cage showed better behavior (less roller and rolling set slip tendency) than the brass cage contrasting the results obtained earlier under the EC clearance. It is concluded that the polyamide cage deforms under the unsymmetrical loading of the EC clearance resulting in this elevated slip however, under a more even loading in the MC clearance, its lightweight was reflected in a reduced slip behavior.
Latency of Motion Onset Response as an Integrative Measure of Processing Sound Movement
Authors: Semenova V. V. , Shestopalova L. B. , Petropavlovskaia E. A. , Salikova D. A. , Nikitin N. I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract—The characteristics of a specific event-related potential elicited by sound motion onset (motion-onset response, MOR) were estimated. Moving sound stimuli with delayed motion onset were presented to right-handed subjects in dichotic conditions. Sound motion was produced by linear changes of interaural time differences. The amplitude and latency of cN1 and cP2 components of evoked potentials were measured in a wide range of velocities. The latency of cN1 increased linearly with the increase in time of 1° azimuthal shift of a stimulus, whereas the cP2 latency remained nearly constant. The time interval of motion integration was about 140–180 ms. Thus, the latency of cN1 deflection may be considered as an electrophysiological correlate of integrative neuronal processes activated by sound motion presented as a separate auditory event.
Thermal Flaw Detection Scanner for Testing Large-Sized Flat Products Made of Composite Materials
Authors: Chulkov A. O. , Vavilov V. P. , Nesteruk D. A. , Shagdyrov B. I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A self-propelled thermal flaw detector has been developed for testing large-sized flat parts by means of thermal scanning that provides higher efficiency and test performance than conventional thermal testing scheme over individual zones. The flaw detector is designed to detect delaminations, impact damage, and foreign inclusions in composite materials and can be used to test for corrosion in metal shells, providing continuous monitoring with a performance of up to 20 m2/h.
Prevention of covid-19 and other acute respiratory infections with cod liver oil supplementation, a low dose vitamin D supplement: quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial
Authors: Brunvoll Sonja H , Nygaard Anders B , Ellingjord-Dale Merete , Holland Petter , Istre Mette Stausland , Kalleberg Karl Trygve , Søraas Camilla L , Holven Kirsten B , Ulven Stine M , Hjartåker Anette , Haider Trond , Lund-Johansen Fridtjof , Dahl John Arne , Meyer Haakon E , Søraas Arne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objective
To determine if daily supplementation with cod liver oil, a low dose vitamin D supplement, in winter, prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection, serious covid-19, or other acute respiratory infections in adults in Norway.

Design
Quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial.

Setting
Norway, 10 November 2020 to 2 June 2021.

Participants
34 601 adults (aged 18-75 years), not taking daily vitamin D supplements.

Intervention
5 mL/day of cod liver oil (10 µg of vitamin D, n=17 278) or placebo (n=17 323) for up to six months.

Main outcome measures
Four co-primary endpoints were predefined: the first was a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result determined by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the second was serious covid-19, defined as self-reported dyspnoea, admission to hospital, or death. Other acute respiratory infections were indicated by the third and fourth co-primary endpoints: a negative SARS-CoV-2 test result and self-reported symptoms. Side effects related to the supplementation were self-reported. The fallback method was used to handle multiple comparisons.

Results
Supplementation with cod liver oil was not associated with a reduced risk of any of the co-primary endpoints. Participants took the supplement (cod liver oil or placebo) for a median of 164 days, and 227 (1.31%) participants in the cod liver oil group and 228 (1.32%) participants in the placebo group had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result (relative risk 1.00, multiple comparison adjusted confidence interval 0.82 to 1.22). Serious covid-19 was identified in 121 (0.70%) participants in the cod liver oil group and in 101 (0.58%) participants in the placebo group (1.20, 0.87 to 1.65). 8546 (49.46%) and 8565 (49.44%) participants in the cod liver oil and placebo groups, respectively, had ≥1 negative SARS-CoV-2 test results (1.00, 0.97 to 1.04). 3964 (22.94%) and 3834 (22.13%) participants in the cod liver oil and placebo groups, respectively, reported ≥1 acute respiratory infections (1.04, 0.97 to 1.11). Only low grade side effects were reported in the cod liver oil and placebo groups.

Conclusion
Supplementation with cod liver oil in the winter did not reduce the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, serious covid-19, or other acute respiratory infections compared with placebo.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov
NCT04609423
.
Trends in the relation between hyperglycemia correction and active Charcot neuroarthropathy: results from the EPICHAR study
Authors: Dardari Dured , Schuldiner Sophie , Julien Carole-Anne , Ha Van Georges , M’Bemba Jocelyne , Bourgeon Muriel , Sultan Ariane , Lepeut Marc , Grandperret-Vauthier Sylvie , Baudoux Florence , François Maud , Clavel Sylvaine , Martini Jacques , Vouillarmet Julien , Michon Paul , Moret Myriam , Monnier Arnaud , Chingan-Martino Vaneva , Rigalleau Vincent , Dumont Isabelle , Kessler Laurence , Stifii Ionela , Bouillet Benjamin , Bonnin Pierre , Lemoine Amal , Da Costa Correia Enrique , Faraill Marie Martine Bonello , Muller Marie , Cazaubiel Marie , Zemmache Mohammed Zakarya , Hartemann Agnes 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe pathophysiology of Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) remains unclear. There are a number of hypotheses but these are not exclusive. In its clinical presentation, this complication intersects with the semiology of diabetic-induced neuropathy, such as peripheral hypervascularization and the appearance of arteriovenous shunt. The EPICHAR study is as yet an unpublished cohort of people living with diabetes complicated by CN (in active or chronic phase). Based on the findings of the EPICHAR study, this study aimed to investigate whether a reduction in the rate of hyperglycemia accompanies the onset of an active phase of CN.Research design and methodsHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were assessed 3 months (M3) and 6 months (M6) before the diagnosis of active CN (M0).Results103 patients living with diabetes and presenting active CN were included between January and December 2019 from the 31 centers participating in this study (30 in France and 1 in Belgium). The mean age of the participants was 60.2±12.2 years; the vast majority were men (71.8%) living with type 2 diabetes (75.5%). Mean HbA1c levels significantly declined between M6 (median 7.70; Q1, Q3: 7.00, 8.55) and M3 (median 7.65; Q1, Q3: 6.90, 8.50) (p=0.012), as well as between M6 and M0 (median 7.40; Q1, Q3: 6.50, 8.50) (p=0.014). No significant difference was found between M3 and M0 (p=0.072).ConclusionsA significant reduction in HbA1c levels seems to accompany the onset of the active phase of CN.Trial registration numberNCM03744039.
Postbariatric hypoglycemia in symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients: proposals for clinical assessments
Authors: Uddén Hemmingsson Joanna , Leijonmarck Carl-Eric , Klingvall Maria 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRecurrent hypoglycemia due to postbariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) is a postoperative complication after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP). The historic term is late dumping syndrome or reactive hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to assess clinically applicable tools, in order to diagnose these patients, for the purpose of preventing hypoglycemic complications.Research design and methodsTen patients with PBS and nine controls were recruited. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and food intake were registered for 7 days, together with metabolic parameters at baseline.ResultsThere was a significant difference (p<0.05) in Dumping Syndrome Rating Scale (DSRS) between the groups. There was no difference between p-glucose or HbA1c between the groups, but a highly significant difference in C peptide p<0.01 was observed. Using the Dexcom Studio system, the PBH group had significantly (p<0.05) more time during the day in very low blood sugar (5.9±4.2% vs 1.8%±2.3%) compared with the controls. Counting hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic episodes showed that the quantity of hypoglycemic episodes was significantly higher, p<0.01, in the PBH group compared with controls (16.6±11.0 vs 8.1±8.6 hypoglycemic events). C peptide was positively correlated with the late dumping group, p<0.01 (CI 95% 0.353 to 0.814) and very low blood sugar (<3.2 mmol/L) in all subjects with p<0.01 (CI 95% 0.194 to 0.763).ConclusionsFinding patients with recurrent hypoglycemic episodes after bariatric surgery is important to prevent future health problems. To diagnose recurrent hypoglycemia (PBH) after RYGBP, we used blood sugar analyzing tools that are commonly available in clinical settings. Interestingly, patients with few or no symptoms of PHB still had recurrent hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic events. We recommend an active approach with dumping syndrome questionnaires, assessment of metabolic parameters and CGM with food registration. Assessment of PBH using this method can potentially lead to reduced blood glucose variability due to behavioral changes.
Effects of occupational hazards and occupational stress on job burn-out of factory workers and miners in Urumqi: a propensity score-matched cross-sectional study
Authors: Lu Yaoqin , Liu Qi , Yan Huan , Liu Tao 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis study was designed to explore the impact of occupational hazards and occupational stress on job burn-out among factory workers and miners. This study also aimed to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of job burn-out among factory workers and miners.DesignA cross-sectional study based on the factory Workers and Miners of Urumqi, Xinjiang. Demographic biases, that is, confounding factors, were eliminated by the propensity score-matched analysis method.ParticipantsAn electronic questionnaire was used to survey 7500 eligible factory workers and miners in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang, and 7315 complete questionnaires were returned.Primary outcome measuresA general demographic questionnaire, the Effort–Reward Imbalance (ERI) and the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory.ResultsThe total rate of burn-out was 86.5%. Noise (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.64) and ERI (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.78 to 2.61) were the risk factors for job burn-out among factory workers and miners (p<0.001).ConclusionThe job burn-out rate of factory workers and miners was high, and the noise and occupational stress factors among occupational hazard factors will affect the likelihood of job burn-out of factory workers and miners. We should control the impact of occupational hazards on factory workers and miners and reduce occupational stress to alleviate workers’ job burn-out.