bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of blood glucose after pediatric kidney transplantation: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Salah Doaa M. , Hafez Mona , Fadel Ftaina I. , Selem Yasmen Ahmed Said , Musa Noha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Glucose metabolism after kidney transplantation (KT) is highly dynamic with the first post-transplantation year being the most critical period for new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) occurrence. The present study aimed to analyze dynamics of glucose metabolism and report incidence/risk factors of abnormal glycemic state during the first year after KT in children.

Methods
Twenty-one consecutive freshly transplanted pediatric kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) were assessed for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) weekly for 4 weeks, then every 3 months for 1 year.

Results
Interpretation of OGTT test showed normal glucose tolerance (NGT) in 6 patients (28.6%) while 15 (71.4%) experienced impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) at any time point of monitoring. Seven patients had NODAT, for which three needed insulin therapy. Hyperglycemia onset was 7.8 ± 13.12 weeks (median (range) = 1 (0–24) week) after KT. Percent of patients with abnormal OGTT was significantly more than that of IFG (38.1% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.029). Patients with abnormal glycemic state had significantly elevated trough tacrolimus levels at 6 months (p = 0.03). Glucose readings did not correlate with steroid doses nor rejection episodes while positively correlating with tacrolimus doses at 3 months (p = 0.02, CC = 0.73) and 6 months (p = 0.01, CC = 0.63), and negatively correlating with simultaneous GFR at 9 months (p = 0.04, CC =  − 0.57).

Conclusions
Up to two thirds of pediatric KTRs (71.4%) experienced abnormal glycemic state at some point with peak incidence within the first week up to 6 months after KT. OGTT was a better tool for monitoring of glucose metabolism than FPG. Abnormal glycemic state was induced by tacrolimus and adversely affected graft function.

Graphical abstract
A higher resolution version of the Graphical
abstract is available as Supplementary information.
2022 update of the Austrian Society of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation nutrition and lifestyle recommendations for patients with gout and hyperuricemia
Authors: Sautner Judith , Eichbauer-Sturm Gabriela , Gruber Johann , Lunzer Raimund , Puchner Rudolf Johannes 
Published: July 2022

Summary
Background
Gout is the most frequent inflammatory joint disease in the western world and has a proven genetic background. Additionally, lifestyle factors like increasing life span and wealth, sufficient to excess nutritional status and a growing prevalence of obesity in the population, as well as e.g. alcohol consumption contribute to the rising incidence of hyperuricemia and gout. Apart from an adequate medication, medical advice on nutrition and lifestyle is an essential part of the management of gout patients, being at high risk of internal comorbidities.

Objective
In 2015, the ÖGR (Österreichische Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie und Rehabilitation) working group for osteoarthritis and crystal arthropathies already published nutrition and lifestyle recommendations for patients with gout and hyperuricemia. Since then, a multitude of literature has been published addressing this topic, what required an update.

Methods
First, the authors performed a hierarchical literature search to screen the meanwhile published literature. Also considering references of the first publication, the relevant literature was selected, and the 2015 recommendations were either kept as published, reformulated or newly produced. Finally, the evidence level and the level of agreement with each recommendation were added.

Results
Following this process, ten recommendations were generated instead of the initial nine. Like in the original publication, a colored icon presentation was provided to complement the written text.

Conclusion
The Austrian nutrition and lifestyle recommendations for patients with gout and hyperuricemia were updated incorporating the most recent relevant literature, serving as education material for patients and updated information for physicians.
Thermodynamic Analysis for the Solubility of Allopurinol in Aqueous and Non-aqueous Mixtures at Various Temperatures
Authors: Ángeles Peña M. , Sánchez Ana B. , Escalera Begoña , Jouyban Abolghasem , Martinez Fleming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe solubility of allopurinol was measured at several temperatures (15–35 ºC) in ethanol–water, ethanol–ethyl acetate, and ethyl acetate–hexane mixtures. The mole fraction solubility shows two solubility maxima against the co-solvent (ethanol) ratio (70 % ethanol–water and 100 % ethyl acetate) at each of the five temperatures studied. The authors correlated the solubility data in binary solvent mixtures at various temperatures using a modified version of the Jouyban–Acree model. The respective apparent thermodynamic functions Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of solution were obtained from the solubility data through the van’t Hoff equations. The apparent enthalpies of solution are endothermic and display a maximum at 20 % ethanol in water, as ethanol is added to water, the entropy of the system increases. In the non-aqueous mixture (ethanol–ethyl acetate), enthalpy is the driving force throughout the whole solvent composition. An enthalpy–entropy compensation analysis confirms a non-linear enthalpy–entropy relationship in plots of enthalpy vs. Gibbs energy of solution, i.e., two different mechanisms involved in the solubility enhancement. An inverse Kirkwood–Buff integral analysis of the preferential solvation indicated that in ethanol-rich mixtures, the drug is preferentially solvated by water, and it is acting mainly as a Lewis base in front to water.
A perspective on the major light-harvesting complex dynamics under the effect of pH, salts, and the photoprotective PsbS protein
Authors: Navakoudis Eleni , Stergiannakos Taxiarchis , Daskalakis Vangelis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe photosynthetic apparatus is a highly modular assembly of large pigment-binding proteins. Complexes called antennae can capture the sunlight and direct it from the periphery of two Photosystems (I, II) to the core reaction centers, where it is converted into chemical energy. The apparatus must cope with the natural light fluctuations that can become detrimental to the viability of the photosynthetic organism. Here we present an atomic scale view of the photoprotective mechanism that is activated on this line of defense by several photosynthetic organisms to avoid overexcitation upon excess illumination. We provide a complete macroscopic to microscopic picture with specific details on the conformations of the major antenna of Photosystem II that could be associated with the switch from the light-harvesting to the photoprotective state. This is achieved by combining insight from both experiments and all-atom simulations from our group and the literature in a perspective article.
New hybrid multiplanar cone beam computed tomography-laser-fluoroscopic-guided approach in cochlear implant surgery
Authors: Waldeck Stephan , Schmidt Sandra , von Falck Christian , Chapot René , Brockmann Marc , Overhoff Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cochlea implant surgery with proper positioning of the cochlear electrode can be challenging. Intraoperative real-time hybrid laser-fluoroscopic-guided navigation based on a multiplanar cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) dataset opens up the opportunity to immediate radiological control of primary electrode misalignments and offering new insights into the cochlea electrode insertion routes and favorable cochlear implant-insertion angle.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 50 cases (29 males, 18 females) of conventional electrode implantation (without intraoperative image control; group A) and nine cases (7 males, 2 females) of CBCT-laser-fluoroscopic-guided surgery (group B) were included in the present study. CBCT-laser-guided surgery under real-time fluoroscopic control was conducted using an intraoperative C-arm CBCT. All patients received preoperative cross-sectional imaging (CT and MRI), in which cochlear malformation could be excluded. Postoperatively, we looked for electrode misplacements.

Results
In group A, electrode misalignment was detected postoperatively in 14 of 50 cases (28.0%). In group B, primary electrode misalignment was detected intraoperatively in two patients (22.2%). In both patients, the misalignments were corrected in the same session. The comparison of cochlear insertion angles showed significant differences. Group A: 47.5 ± 2.6° (actual conventional surgery) vs 17.6 ± 2.8° (theoretical CBCT-laser-fluoroscopic-guided surgery) P < 0.001. Group A vs group B: 47.5 ± 2.6° (actual conventional surgery; Group A) vs 17.9 ± 2.5° (actual CBCT-laser-fluoroscopic-guided surgery; Group B) P < 0.001.

Conclusion
We consider that an intraoperative hybrid CBCT-laser-fluoroscopic-controlled approach in cochlear implant surgery using a C-arm CT can be beneficial, because electrode misalignments can be reduced and if it does occur, remedied in the same surgical session.
Lipocalin-2-Mediated Insufficient Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Remyelination for White Matter Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via SCL22A17 Receptor/Early Growth Response Protein 1 Signaling
Authors: Li Qiang , Ru Xufang , Yang Yang , Zhao Hengli , Qu Jie , Chen Weixiang , Pan Pengyu , Ruan Huaizhen , Li Chaojun , Chen Yujie , Feng Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInsufficient remyelination due to impaired oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and maturation is strongly associated with irreversible white matter injury (WMI) and neurological deficits. We analyzed whole transcriptome expression to elucidate the potential role and underlying mechanism of action of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in OPC differentiation and WMI and identified the receptor SCL22A17 and downstream transcription factor early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) as the key signals contributing to LCN2-mediated insufficient OPC remyelination. In LCN-knockdown and OPC EGR1 conditional-knockout mice, we discovered enhanced OPC differentiation in developing and injured white matter (WM); consistent with this, the specific inactivation of LCN2/SCl22A17/EGR1 signaling promoted remyelination and neurological recovery in both atypical, acute WMI due to subarachnoid hemorrhage and typical, chronic WMI due to multiple sclerosis. This potentially represents a novel strategy to enhance differentiation and remyelination in patients with white matter injury.
Towards prediction of oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition of modified salinity brine into limestone rocks: A scaling study
Authors: Bassir Seyed Mojtaba , Shokrollahzadeh Behbahani Hassan , Shahbazi Khalil , Kord Shahin , Mirzaei-Paiaman Abouzar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpontaneous imbibition is a key mechanism of oil recovery in naturally fractured reservoirs. Many enhanced oil recovery techniques, such as modified salinity brine injection, have been suggested to improve spontaneous imbibition efficiency. To predict oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition process, scaling equations have been developed in the literature where almost none of them include the effect of two critical aspects. One aspect is the different ionic composition of injecting brine from connate brine. Another aspect is the effect of combination/interaction of a lower salinity imbibing (injecting) brine with connate brine. This research takes into account these two aspects to propose a new empirical scaling equation to scale oil recovery by modified salinity imbibing brines in limestone rocks. For this purpose, the results of available 59 tests from 14 references performed on various limestone rock samples collected from different formations and regions were used. The tests had been performed at high temperatures and on aged cores, which makes the proposed scaling equation more realistic and applicable to reservoir conditions. For the first time, the imbibing and connate brines ionic strengths are included in the equation due to the mechanism of the modified salinity brine injection method. In addition, the scaled spontaneous imbibition recovery data by the new equation was matched using two mathematical expressions based on the Aronofsky model and Fries and Dreyer model which can be used to derive transfer functions for simulation of spontaneous imbibition oil recovery by modified salinity brine injection in fractured limestone reservoirs.
Geophysical logging in brittleness evaluation on the basis of rock mechanics parameters: a case study of sandstone of Shanxi formation in Yanchang gas field, Ordos Basin
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Chen Zhanjun , Yu Lan , Zhang Suya , Gai Ke , Fan Yuhai , Huo Weida 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the process of unconventional oil and gas exploitation, fracturing is generally needed to improve industrial productivity. Brittleness, an essential factor of reservoir fracturing evaluation, is the key to improving the production of unconventional reservoirs. Shanxi formation of Yanchang gas field in Ordos Basin has the features of low porosity, poor permeability, and strong heterogeneity, which result in low productivity in natural conditions. In order to study the mechanical properties and fracturing ability of the reservoir, triaxial compression tests were carried out on 35 sandstone cores in the study area, and the mechanical parameters, rupture mode, stress–strain, and brittleness characteristics of the sandstone were obtained. The results show that the compressive strength is positively correlated with the elastic modulus and negatively correlated with the Poisson’s ratio. The samples have obvious brittle rupture characteristics and the brittleness index in the range of 47.9–52.2%. The dynamic parameters obtained by logging can be converted into static parameters in petroleum engineering application, and then the reservoir brittleness can be evaluated dynamically and continuously. Taking well X-2 in the study area as an example, the brittleness index calculated by stress–strain method and mineral composition method is 47.9 to 53.5% and 48.8% respectively, which is well matched with the logging interpretation, indicating that the results obtained by logging interpretation are relatively accurate. Based on mechanical experiments and logging evaluation results, the study could provide a parameter basis for selecting the favourable fracturing position of Shanxi formation in Yanchang gas field.
Metal-Detecting Rallies
Authors: Wessman Anna , Deckers Pieterjan , Lewis Michael , Thomas Suzie , Nolet Katelijne 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTHobby metal detectorists search for archaeological finds as individuals and within groups, the latter being the focus of this article. Such groups come together as “clubs” and “meetings,” but also as part of large, often commercially run events typically known as “rallies.” All these activities are attractive to detectorists because they provide them with access to land to search, along with the promise of making interesting (even valuable) discoveries, and they have a social dimension. They are common in England and also well established in several countries in northwest Europe, partly due to changing legislation. Although policies and mechanisms are often in place for collaboration with individual detectorists and even local metal-detecting clubs, larger events (not least, the large-scale commercial rallies increasingly occurring in England) present challenges for professional archaeologists, specifically in relation to the capacity to properly record finds and manage potential damage to the historic environment. To respond appropriately to these changes, a greater understanding of detectorists’ events is needed. For this reason, we explore and define the scale, nature, and diversity of group events, relating them to different legislative and cultural contexts in Flanders (Belgium), England (and Wales), and Finland. Subsequently, we outline challenges associated with group events and identify possible ways forward.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Secondary bacterial infections and the impact on antimicrobial resistance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Markovskaya Yelena , Gavioli Elizabeth M. , Cusumano Jaclyn A. , Glatt Aaron E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Secondary bacterial infections and bacterial coinfections are an important complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading to antibiotic overuse and increased rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this literature review, we summarize the reported rates of secondary bacterial infections and bacterial coinfections in patients with COVID-19, the impact on patient outcomes, the antibiotic treatment approaches employed, and the resistance patterns observed. The reported data suggest that although the incidence of secondary bacterial infections or bacterial coinfections is relatively low, they are associated with worse outcomes such as prolonged hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilator use, and increased mortality. Interestingly, antibiotic prescription rates are typically higher than secondary bacterial and bacterial coinfection rates, and reports of AMR are common. These findings highlight the need for an improved understanding of secondary bacterial and bacterial coinfection in patients with COVID-19, as well as improved treatment options, to mitigate inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and AMR.
Instinctive Commercial Peace Theorists? Interpreting American Views of the US–China Trade War
Authors: Bulman David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExisting theories of individual trade preferences do not satisfactorily explain how security concerns should affect American support for the US–China trade war that began in 2018. Although existing theories of public attitudes toward international trade—economic self-interest, sociotropism, partisanship, reciprocity, and xenophobia—all help to explain initial support for the trade war, these hypotheses do not adequately explain citizen attitudes in the context of an increasingly adversarial and securitized bilateral US–China relationship. In particular, they do not address how rising security tensions affect trade preferences. Using nationally representative original survey data (n = 1,016) and a nonrepresentative survey with an embedded experiment (n = 1,015), this article argues that securitization of the bilateral economic relationship has spurred threat perceptions and given rise to a Cold War narrative that has in turn caused a substantial share of Americans to become less concerned with the economic outcomes of trade and more concerned with trade's effect on security. These Americans demonstrate an instinctive “commercial peace” response, seeing trade liberalization as a potential deterrent to conflict. The results challenge conventional wisdom on political support for the trade war and add depth to existing theories of individual trade preferences regarding the interaction between economic, security, and psychological motivations.
Air dispersal of respiratory viruses other than severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the implication on hospital infection control
Authors: Wong Shuk-Ching , Chan Veronica Wing-Man , AuYeung Christine Ho-Yan , Chen Jonathan Hon-Kwan , Yip Cyril Chik-Yan , So Simon Yung-Chun , Li Xin , Lung David Christopher , Tsang Anita Man-Ching , To Kelvin Kai-Wang , Yuen Kwok-Yung , Cheng Vincent Chi-Chung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground:Air dispersal of respiratory viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 has not been systematically reported. The incidence and factors associated with air dispersal of respiratory viruses are largely unknown.Methods:We performed air sampling by collecting 72,000 L of air over 6 hours for pediatric and adolescent patients infected with parainfluenza virus 3 (PIF3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus, and adenovirus. The patients were singly or 2-patient cohort isolated in airborne infection isolation rooms (AIIRs) from December 3, 2021, to January 26, 2022. The viral load in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) and air samples were measured. Factors associated with air dispersal were investigated and analyzed.Results:Of 20 singly isolated patients with median age of 30 months (range, 3 months–15 years), 7 (35%) had air dispersal of the viruses compatible with their NPA results. These included 4 (40%) of 10 PIF3-infected patients, 2 (66%) of 3 RSV-infected patients, and 1 (50%) of 2 adenovirus-infected patients. The mean viral load in their room air sample was 1.58×103 copies/mL. Compared with 13 patients (65%) without air dispersal, these 7 patients had a significantly higher mean viral load in their NPA specimens (6.15×107 copies/mL vs 1.61×105 copies/mL; P < .001). Another 14 patients were placed in cohorts as 7 pairs infected with the same virus (PIF3, 2 pairs; RSV, 3 pairs; rhinovirus, 1 pair; and adenovirus, 1 pair) in double-bed AIIRs, all of which had air dispersal. The mean room air viral load in 2-patient cohorts was significantly higher than in rooms of singly isolated patients (1.02×104 copies/mL vs 1.58×103 copies/mL; P = .020).Conclusion:Air dispersal of common respiratory viruses may have infection prevention and public health implications.
New species of Liostracina Monke, 1903 (Trilobita, Cambrian) from Yunnan, China: complete holaspid exoskeleton and implications for higher level classification
Authors: Yang Xianfeng , Peng Shanchi , Babcock Loren E. , Zhu Xuejian , Liu Yu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe trilobite Liostracina has been recognized as important in taxonomic and stratigraphic studies for more than a century. Until now, the genus Liostracina and family Liostracinidae have been known from only incomplete holaspid material, a degree 2 meraspis, and protaspides. A new locality in the Longha Formation (Cambrian: Guzhangian) of southeastern Yunnan, China, yields a rich collection of articulated holaspid exoskeletons and disarticulated sclerites of a new species, Liostracina fuluensis n. sp. These specimens reveal thoracic and ventral morphology that was previously unknown for Liostracina; they demonstrate that it has a rostral plate plus rostral and connective sutures, rather than a ventral median suture on the cephalic doublure. This confirms a natant hypostomal condition for the genus. Holaspid exoskeletal features, combined with evidence of a non-asaphoid-type protaspis, indicate that Liostracina is neither a primitive trinucleoid nor a primitive asaphoid. The family Liostracinidae is excluded from the superfamily Trinucleoidea and the order Trinucleida and reassigned to the order Ptychopariida.UUID: http://zoobank.org/48dcbe31-e25d-4657-8441-732d5ea2b49d
A relief with Mithraic scenes on a sarcophagus lid: iconographic and literary issues
Authors: Catenacci Carmine , Domenicucci Patrizio , Menozzi Oliva 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDuring the excavations of the team of the University of Chieti in the area of Ain Hofra, in the East necropolis of Cyrene, several interesting sculptures were found in tombs A and C, also called the Tomb of the Sarcophagi and the Tomb of the Sculptures. In this paper a specific find from Tomb A is presented, as it is a rare example of a Mithraic relief from a private funerary context. The find has only previously been published for the translation and presentation of the inscription; however, an analysis and interpretation of the relief together with the inscription has never been tackled. The very fragmentary lid is made of white marble, presenting a very lively iconographic sequence of Mithraic schemata, in combination with a metrical inscription within a central tabula ansata. The find context is particularly monumental and is characterized by two Temple Tombs built in ashlar masonry located on the plateau of Ain Hofra overlooking the wadi (canyon) and the fertile terraces below. This multidisciplinary article looks at the iconographic elements, the epigraphic implications and the monumental context of the Mithraic reliefs.