bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture in the real world: evaluating a 15-year NADA auricular acupuncture service for breast cancer survivors experiencing hot flushes and night sweats as a consequence of adjuvant hormonal therapies
Authors: de Valois Beverley , Young Teresa , Thorpe Pam , Degun Tarsem , Corbishley Karen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
While clinical trials provide valuable data about efficacy of interventions, findings often do not translate into clinical settings. We report real world clinical outcomes of a 15-year service offering breast cancer survivors auricular acupuncture to manage hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) associated with adjuvant hormonal treatments. This service evaluation aims to (1) assess whether usual practice alleviates symptoms in a clinically meaningful way and (2) compare these results with scientific evidence.

Methods
Data were analysed from 415 referrals to a service offering women eight standardised treatments using the National Acupuncture Detoxification Association (NADA) protocol. Outcome measures administered at baseline, end of treatment (EOT), and 4 and 18 weeks after EOT included hot flush diaries, hot flush rating scale (HFRS) and women’s health questionnaire (WHQ).

Results
Over 2285 treatments were given to 300 women; 275 (92.3%) completed all eight treatments. Median daily frequency of HFNS reduced from 9.6 (IQR 7.3) to 5.7 (IQR 5.8) at EOT and 6.3 (IQR 6.5) 18 weeks after EOT. HFRS problem rating showed a clinically meaningful reduction of ≥ 2 points at all measurement points. WHQ showed improvements in several symptoms associated with the menopause. Two adverse events were reported, neither were serious. Results are comparable to published research.

Conclusion
This first analysis of a long-term auricular acupuncture service compares favourably with outcomes of other studies for reducing HFNS frequency and associated menopausal symptoms. In day-to-day clinical practice, NADA appears to be a safe effective intervention for breast cancer survivors.
Accuracy of low-cost alternative facial scanners: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bartella Alexander K. , Laser Josefine , Kamal Mohammad , Krause Matthias , Neuhaus Michael , Pausch Niels C. , Sander Anna K. , Lethaus Bernd , Zimmerer Rüdiger 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Three-dimensional facial scans have recently begun to play an increasingly important role in the peri-therapeutic management of oral and maxillofacial and head and neck surgery cases. Face scan images can be generated by optical facial scanners utilizing line-laser, stereophotography, or structured light modalities, as well as from volumetric data: for example, from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study aimed to evaluate whether two low-cost procedures for the creation of three-dimensional face scan images were capable of producing sufficiently accurate data sets for clinical analysis.

Materials and methods
Fifty healthy volunteers were included in the study. Two test objects with defined dimensions (Lego bricks) were attached to the forehead and the left cheek of each volunteer. Facial anthropometric values (i.e., the distances between the medial canthi, the lateral canthi, the nasal alae, and the angles of the mouth) were first measured manually. Subsequently, face scans were performed with a smart device and manual photogrammetry and the values obtained were compared with the manually measured data sets.

Results
The anthropometric distances deviated, on average, 2.17 mm from the manual measurements (smart device scanning deviation 3.01 mm, photogrammetry deviation 1.34 mm), with seven out of eight deviations being statistically significant. For the Lego brick, from a total of 32 angles, 19 values demonstrated a significant difference from the original 90° angles. The average deviation was 6.5° (smart device scanning deviation 10.1°, photogrammetry deviation 2.8°).

Conclusion
Manual photogrammetry demonstrated greater accuracy when creating three-dimensional face scan images; however, smart devices are more user-friendly. Dental professionals should monitor camera and smart device technical improvements carefully when choosing and adequate technique for 3D scanning.
Terracini convexity
Authors: Saunderson James , Chandrasekaran Venkat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present a generalization of the notion of neighborliness to non-polyhedral convex cones. Although a definition of neighborliness is available in the non-polyhedral case in the literature, it is fairly restrictive as it requires all the low-dimensional faces to be polyhedral. Our approach is more flexible and includes, for example, the cone of positive-semidefinite matrices as a special case (this cone is not neighborly in general). We term our generalization Terracini convexity due to its conceptual similarity with the conclusion of Terracini’s lemma from algebraic geometry. Polyhedral cones are Terracini convex if and only if they are neighborly. More broadly, we derive many families of non-polyhedral Terracini convex cones based on neighborly cones, linear images of cones of positive-semidefinite matrices, and derivative relaxations of Terracini convex hyperbolicity cones. As a demonstration of the utility of our framework in the non-polyhedral case, we give a characterization based on Terracini convexity of the tightness of semidefinite relaxations for certain inverse problems.
Students’ motivation in biology lessons—can student autonomy reduce the gender gap?
Authors: Großmann Nadine , Hofferber Natalia , Wilde Matthias , Basten Melanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen it comes to biology lessons in Germany, girls generally exhibit higher levels of self-determined motivation than boys. Previous research suggests that fostering student autonomy could be a way to effectively address this gender gap. To investigate gender-related effects in biology education, a sample of 303 sixth-grade students (Mage = 11.31 years,SDage = 0.58 years) participated in a 3-h teaching unit on harvest mice that was taught in either an autonomy-supportive or controlling manner. The results revealed a significant effect of the treatment on self-determined motivation, with the effect being stronger for the boys. In the treatment with controlling teaching behavior, gender-related differences in self-determined motivation became apparent. In contrast, the gender gap was mainly smaller in the treatment with autonomy-supportive teaching behavior. Thus, the results suggest that satisfying the need for autonomy appears to be an effective means to help bridge the gender gap in biology lessons.
A Review of Mammarenaviruses and Rodent Reservoirs in the Americas
Authors: Tapia-Ramírez Gloria , Lorenzo Consuelo , Navarrete Darío , Carrillo-Reyes Arturo , Retana Óscar , Carrasco-Hernández Rocío 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the Americas, infectious viral diseases caused by viruses of the genus Mammarenavirus have been reported since the 1960s. Such diseases have commonly been associated with land use changes, which favor abundance of generalist rodent species. In the Americas—where the rates of land use change are among the highest worldwide—at least 1326 of all 2277 known rodent species have been reported. We conducted a literature review of studies between 1960 and 2020, to establish the current and historical knowledge about genotypes of mammarenaviruses and their rodent reservoirs in the Americas. Our overall goal was to show the importance of focusing research efforts on the American continent, since the conditions exist for future viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) outbreaks caused by rodent-borne viruses, in turn, carried by widely distributed rodents. We found 47 species identified down to the species level, and one species identified only down to the genus level (Oryzomys sp.), reported in the Americas as reservoirs of mammarenaviruses, most these are ecological generalists. These species associate with 29 genotypes of Mammarenavirus, seven of which have been linked to VHFs in humans. We also highlight the need to monitor these species, in order to prevent viral disease outbreaks in the region.
HiRISE - High-Resolution Imaging and Spectroscopy Explorer - Ultrahigh resolution, interferometric and external occulting coronagraphic science
Authors: Erdélyi Robertus , Damé Luc , Fludra Andrzej , Mathioudakis Mihalis , Amari T. , Belucz B. , Berrilli F. , Bogachev S. , Bolsée D. , Bothmer V. , Brun S. , Dewitte S. , de Wit T. Dudok , Faurobert M. , Gizon L. , Gyenge N. , Korsós M. B. , Labrosse N. , Matthews S. , Meftah M. , Morgan H. , Pallé P. , Rochus P. , Rozanov E. , Schmieder B. , Tsinganos K. , Verwichte E. , Zharkov S. , Zuccarello F. , Wimmer-Schweingruber R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent solar physics missions have shown the definite role of waves and magnetic fields deep in the inner corona, at the chromosphere-corona interface, where dramatic and physically dominant changes occur. HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging and Spectroscopy Explorer), the ambitious new generation ultra-high resolution, interferometric, and coronagraphic, solar physics mission, proposed in response to the ESA Voyage 2050 Call, would address these issues and provide the best-ever and most complete solar observatory, capable of ultra-high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution observations of the solar atmosphere, from the photosphere to the corona, and of new insights of the solar interior from the core to the photosphere. HiRISE, at the L1 Lagrangian point, would provide meter class FUV imaging and spectro-imaging, EUV and XUV imaging and spectroscopy, magnetic fields measurements, and ambitious and comprehensive coronagraphy by a remote external occulter (two satellites formation flying 375 m apart, with a coronagraph on a chaser satellite). This major and state-of-the-art payload would allow us to characterize temperatures, densities, and velocities in the solar upper chromosphere, transition zone, and inner corona with, in particular, 2D very high resolution multi-spectral imaging-spectroscopy, and, direct coronal magnetic field measurement, thus providing a unique set of tools to understand the structure and onset of coronal heating. HiRISE’s objectives are natural complements to the Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter-type missions. We present the science case for HiRISE which will address: i) the fine structure of the chromosphere-corona interface by 2D spectroscopy in FUV at very high resolution; ii) coronal heating roots in the inner corona by ambitious externally-occulted coronagraphy; iii) resolved and global helioseismology thanks to continuity and stability of observing at the L1 Lagrange point; and iv) solar variability and space climate with, in addition, a global comprehensive view of UV variability.
Protective effects of a SIRT1 inhibitor on primordial follicle activation and growth induced by cyclophosphamide: insights from a bovine in vitro folliculogenesis system
Authors: Di Emidio Giovanna , Tatone Carla , Barbato Vincenza , Genovese Vincenzo , Placidi Martina , Talevi Riccardo , Gualtieri Roberto ,   on behalf of Italian Society of Embryology, Reproduction, Research (SIERR)
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Purpose

Although oncological advances have improved survival rates of female cancer patients, they often suffer a reduced fertility due to treatment side effects. In the present study, we evaluated the potential fertoprotective effects of the specific inhibitor of SIRT1, EX-527, on the gonadotoxic action exerted by cyclophosphamide (CPM) on loss of primordial follicles (PFs).

Methods
The effects of the CPM metabolite phosphoramide mustard (PM) on follicle activation, growth and viability and the protective action of EX-527 against PM effects were evaluated on bovine ovarian cortical strips in vitro cultured for 1 or 6 days. To understand whether PFs exposed to PM plus EX-527 were able to activate and grow to the secondary stage after suspension of the treatment, strips cultured for 3 days in PM plus EX-527 for 3 days were transferred to plain medium until day 6. Follicle growth and health were evaluated through histology and viability assay at a confocal microscope. In order to investigate the molecular pathways underlying the ovarian response to PM in the presence of EX-527, we analysed the protein level of SIRT1, HuR, PARP1 and SOD2 after 1 day of in vitro culture.

Results
We found that (1) PM, the main CPM active metabolite, promotes PF activation; (2) the ovarian stress response induced by PM includes a SIRT1-dependent pathway; and (3) EX-527 reduces PF activation and growth induced by PM.

Conclusion
SIRT1 can represent a candidate molecule to be targeted to protect ovarian follicles from alkylating agents and EX-527 could represent a potential fertoprotective agent for cancer patients.
Unexpected Successor in Family Firms: Opportunity or Trap for Women?
Authors: Meroño-Cerdán Angel L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFemale managers are more common in family firms largely due to women’s incorporation into management positions via succession. Nonetheless, extrinsic and intrinsic factors constrain to some extent the access and the outcomes of female managers as potential successors. This study aims to uncover the particular conditions under which women frequently have access to CEO positions in family firms. Using a database of 177 SME Spanish family firms and using cluster analysis based on TwoStep technique, women are found to be unexpected successors to a greater extent than male successors. Oftentimes, they are chosen as a last resort to cope with poor business performance and low family orientation. More than an opportunity, this unplanned access becomes a trap since it fails to comply with all the requirements of successful transmissions.
A Novel AICDA Splice-Site Mutation in Two Siblings with HIGM2 Permits Somatic Hypermutation but Abrogates Mutational Targeting
Authors: Dirks Johannes , Haase Gabriele , Cantaert Tineke , Frey Lea , Klaas Moritz , Rickert Christian H. , Girschick Hermann , Meffre Eric , Morbach Henner 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hyper-IgM syndrome type 2 (HIGM2) is a B cell intrinsic primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in AICDA encoding activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) which impair immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM). Whereas autosomal-recessive AID-deficiency (AR-AID) affects both CSR and SHM, the autosomal-dominant form (AD-AID) due to C-terminal heterozygous variants completely abolishes CSR but only partially affects SHM. AR-AID patients display enhanced germinal center (GC) reactions and autoimmune manifestations, which are not present in AD-AID, suggesting that SHM but not CSR regulates GC reactions and peripheral B cell tolerance. Herein, we describe two siblings with HIGM2 due to a novel homozygous AICDA mutation (c.428-1G > T) which disrupts the splice acceptor site of exon 4 and results in the sole expression of a truncated AID variant that lacks 10 highly conserved amino acids encoded by exon 4 (AID-ΔE4a). AID-ΔE4a patients suffered from defective CSR and enhanced GC reactions and were therefore indistinguishable from other AR-AID patients. However, the AID-ΔE4a variant only partially affected SHM as observed in AD-AID patients. In addition, AID-ΔE4a but not AD-AID patients revealed impaired targeting of mutational hotspot motives and distorted mutational patterns. Hence, qualitative defects in AID function and altered SHM rather than global decreased SHM activity may account for the disease phenotype in these patients.
Knowledge and Practices on the Prevention and Management of Diarrhea in Children Under-2 Years Among Women Dwelling in Urban Slums of Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Khaliq Asif , Amreen  , Jameel Nazia , Krauth Stefanie J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death especially among children. The age-proportionate mortality of diarrheal disease in infants under 2 years is 72%, among children under 5 years of age. Children living in urban slums are more prone to develop diarrhea. Although the disease can be prevented by many simple cost-effective interventions, i.e. proper sanitation and hygiene, appropriate feeding, and timely vaccination, poverty and lack of basic life amenities often potentiate diarrhea mortality. Gadap town is the largest town of Karachi with a deprived health system. This study aims to assess pediatric diarrhea prevalence and related knowledge-practice gaps in the slums of Gadap Town, Karachi, Pakistan.

Method
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 among mothers of children under 2 years, who were residents of Gadap Town, Karachi, Pakistan. The participants were approached by a multistage sampling method. A validated dichotomous questionnaire, piloted on 40 participants, translated into local language Urdu was used for data collection and the data was analyzed by SPSS® version 20.0.

Results
51.8% (n = 199) of participants were aged between 25 and 34 years. Among all participants, 68% (n = 261) had primary level education or less, compared to 4.7% (n = 18) of women who had graduate-level education. The mean number of children per woman was 2.52 ± 1.62. Self-reported pediatric diarrhea incidence was 72.1% (n = 277). More than half (55.2% n = 149) of participants reported frequent diarrhea episodes during the 2nd year of their child’s life. In this survey, we found the knowledge of women regarding diarrhea management and how to reduce diarrhea morbidity to be inadequate (p > 0.05). However, many women reported appropriate practices which can significantly reduce diarrhea morbidity (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
While the knowledge among women on preventive measures for pediatric diarrhea was insufficient, the translation of the right knowledge into appropriate practices showed promising outcomes for reducing diarrhea morbidity. An integrated approach for improving feeding, sanitation, and hygiene practices along with continuous health education could curtail the burden of diarrhea among infants living in urban slums.
At least you tried: The value of De Dicto concern to do the right thing
Authors: Field Claire 
Published: March 2022

AbstractI argue that there are some situations in which it is praiseworthy to be motivated only by moral rightnessde dicto, even if this results in wrongdoing. I consider a set of cases that are challenging for views that dispute this, prioritising concern for what is morally important (de re, and notde dicto) in moral evaluation (for example, Arpaly, 2003; Arpaly & Schroeder, 2013; Harman 2015; Weatherson, 2019). In these cases, the agent is not concerned about what is morally important (de re), does the wrong thing, but nevertheless seems praiseworthy rather than blameworthy. I argue that the views under discussion cannot accommodate this, and should be amended to recognise that it is often praiseworthy to be motivated to do what is right (de dicto).
Effect of Different Technological Factors on the Gelation of a Low-Lectin Bean Protein Isolate
Authors: Moreno Helena M. , Díaz M. Teresa , Borderías A. Javier , Domínguez-Timón Fátima , Varela Alejandro , Tovar Clara A. , Pedrosa Mercedes M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGelling ability of a bean protein isolate (BPI) obtained from a naturally low-lectin variety (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Almonga) was analysed. For that purpose differences on gels processing: concentration (14% and 17%), salt addition (0 and 2%), and pH (6.5 –lot A- and 7 –lot B), were studied to obtain suitable colour, mechanical and viscoelastic properties for making appropriate meat and seafood analogues. Gelation at pH 7 at both 14 and 17% BPI concentrations, produced less rigid, more flexible, time-stable and cohesive gel networks. Colour of the resulting gels was white enough to be considered as an adequate base for making plant-based analogues. The content of total galactoside, inositol phosphates and trypsin inhibitors (bioactive compounds) present in one serving (100 g) of these BPI gels were up to 0.80 mg/g, 8.06 mg/g and 239 TIUs, respectively.
Artificial intelligence in the field of economics
Authors: Bickley Steve J. , Chan Ho Fai , Torgler Benno 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe history of AI in economics is long and winding, much the same as the evolving field of AI itself. Economists have engaged with AI since its beginnings, albeit in varying degrees and with changing focus across time and places. In this study, we have explored the diffusion of AI and different AI methods (e.g., machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, expert systems, knowledge-based systems) through and within economic subfields, taking a scientometrics approach. In particular, we centre our accompanying discussion of AI in economics around the problems of economic calculation and social planning as proposed by Hayek. To map the history of AI within and between economic sub-fields, we construct two datasets containing bibliometrics information of economics papers based on search query results from the Scopus database and the EconPapers (and IDEAs/RePEc) repository. We present descriptive results that map the use and discussion of AI in economics over time, place, and subfield. In doing so, we also characterise the authors and affiliations of those engaging with AI in economics. Additionally, we find positive correlations between quality of institutional affiliation and engagement with or focus on AI in economics and negative correlations between the Human Development Index and share of learning-based AI papers.
Group intellectual transparency: a novel case for non-summativism
Authors: Byerly T. Ryan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhilosophical reflection on transparency, including group transparency, is beginning to gain steam. This paper contributes to this work by developing a conceptualization of transparency as an intellectual character trait that groups can possess, and by presenting a novel argument for thinking that such transparency should be understood along non-summativist lines. According to the account offered, a group’s being intellectually transparent consists in the group’s tending to attend well to its perspective and to share its perspective faithfully with others in order to promote their epistemic goods. It is argued that this kind of group intellectual transparency, pace summativism, does not always consist merely in group members possessing intellectual transparency. The argument given for this conclusion works differently from existing arguments for non-summativism about group character traits, and it retains persuasive power even if summativist views of most group phenomena, including other group character traits, are correct.
Height-Averaged Navier–Stokes Solver for Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Authors: Holey Hannes , Codrignani Andrea , Gumbsch Peter , Pastewka Lars 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe cornerstone of thin-film flow modeling is the Reynolds equation—a lower-dimensional representation of the Navier–Stokes equation. The derivation of the Reynolds equation is based on explicit assumptions about the constitutive behavior of the fluid that prohibit applications in multiscale scenarios based on measured or atomistically simulated data. Here, we present a method that treats the macroscopic flow evolution and the calculation of local cross-film stresses as separate yet coupled problems—the so-called macro and micro problem. The macro problem considers mass and momentum balance for compressible fluids in a height-averaged sense and is solved using a time-explicit finite-volume scheme. Analytical solutions for the micro problem are derived for common constitutive laws and implemented into the Height-averaged Navier–Stokes (HANS) solver. We demonstrate the validity of our solver on examples, including mass-conserving cavitation, inertial effects, wall slip, and non-Newtonian fluids. The presented method is not limited to these fixed-form relations and may therefore be useful for testing constitutive relations obtained from experiment or simulation.