bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ketoacidosis and otitis media as a potencial cause of cerebral venous thrombosis in a 7-year-old boy
Authors: Lipińska Justyna , Lipiński Łukasz , Kowalczuk Maria , Kopeć Izabela , Mitek-Palusińska Joanna , Woźniak Magdalena 
Published: April 2022

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in childhood is a rare disorder, occurring most often in the neonatal period, with mortality approaching 10%. This condition has multifactorial etiology including common childhood illnesses such as fever, infection, dehydration, and anemia, as well as acute and chronic medical conditions such as congenital heart disease, nephrotic syndrome, and malignancy. Thrombosis can also develop and propagate in response to local venous stasis. A large number of children have coincident local head or neck pathology, including head trauma, brain tumors, or recent intracranial surgery. Clinical symptoms are frequently nonspecific and include seizures, depressed level of consciousness, coma, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, headache, visual impairment, papilledema, and hemiparesis, which may often obscure the diagnosis and delay treatment. In the case of patients with neurological symptoms, imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are invaluable in diagnostics of various pathologies of the nervous system, because of their non-invasiveness, high sensitivity, and specificity. Early diagnosis with management along with a plan for secondary prevention can save from catastrophic consequences.
Spot alignment based on a five-photodiode receiver for a UWOC system
Authors: Xie Sheng , Mi Haining , Feng Renhai 
Published: April 2022

In the traditional underwater
wireless optical communication (UWOC) system, spot alignment and
communication are divided into different paths. Moreover, the
attenuated optical signal is easily submerged by underwater noise,
affecting the accuracy of the spot alignment. In this paper, a novel,
to the best of our knowledge, five-photodiode receiver (5-PDR)
combining communication and spot alignment is proposed, which includes
transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs), gain stages, and output buffers.
Furthermore, a new denoising algorithm based on the hidden Markov
model (HMM) is introduced. Through combining the 5-PDR and the HMM
noising algorithm, spot alignment accuracy has been improved.
Simulation results show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of our
proposed method is reduced by 57.2%, compared with that of traditional
four-quadrant detector (4-QD). The RMSE is controlled within
0.0108 mm, even under the worst conditions. The experimental results
also confirm that 5-PDR has a good spot alignment ability in UWOC.
Dual-comb absorption spectroscopy of molecular CeO in a laser-produced plasma
Authors: Rhoades Ryan T. , Weeks Reagan R. D. , Erickson Seth E. , Lecaplain Caroline , Harilal Sivanandan S. , Phillips Mark C. , Jason Jones R. 
Published: April 2022

Broadband and high-resolution absorption spectra of molecular cerium oxide (CeO) are obtained in a laser-produced plasma using dual-comb spectroscopy. Simultaneous measurements of Ce and CeO are used to probe time-resolved dynamics of the system. A spectral resolution of 1.24 GHz (2.4 pm) over a bandwidth of 378.7–383.7 THz (781.1–791.5 nm) allows simultaneous detection of hundreds of closely spaced rotational transitions in complex CeO bands.
Wideband diffusion metabsorber for perfect scattering field reduction
Authors: Song Zicheng , Min Pingping , Zhu Jiaqi , Yang Lei , Han Lin Feng 
Published: April 2022

Both absorption and diffuse reflection can effectively suppress microwave backward reflection. However, the challenge of designing wideband absorptive elements with anti-phase reflection hinders the simultaneous working of the two principles. With aid of the wideband characteristic of bilateral complementary structure, we propose a strategy to design wideband absorptive elements with large reflection phase differences. For proof of concept, the proposed elements are arranged in a rectangular grid by optimizing scattering field distribution. The proposed diffusion metabsorber achieves over 20-dB scattering field reduction in the range of 8.5–20.3 GHz with good polarization stability and high angular insensitivity of up to

±
40
°

, which has been verified by real experiments. Furthermore, the proposed design strategy exhibits the potential to further reduce electromagnetic wave reflection, and the optical transparent characteristic is promising for window applications.
Chief Digital Officer (CDO): Literaturanalyse und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Praxis
Authors: Hermes Anna , Riedl René 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungUm im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben und um die digitale Transformation sicherzustellen, schaffen Unternehmen zunehmend die Stelle eines Chief Digital Officer (CDO). Um Unternehmen bei Entscheidungen rund um die Ein- und Ausrichtung der Position des CDOs zu unterstützen, haben wir in folgenden Bereichen die Fachliteratur systematisch analysiert: (1) Gründe für eine CDO-Position, (2) Aufgaben des CDOs, (3) Anforderungen an einen CDO sowie (4) Abgrenzung zwischen CDO und Chief Information Officer (CIO). In der Fachliteratur wird insbesondere die strategische Führung bei Veränderungen als Grund für die Schaffung einer CDO-Position genannt. Damit einhergehend ist die Digitalisierung und das Implementieren der digitalen Transformation die am häufigsten genannte Aufgabe sowie das strategische und geschäftsorientierte Denken die am häufigsten genannte Anforderung. In der Abgrenzung des CDOs zum CIO wird der CDO primär als Stratege und der CIO in erster Linie als Verantwortlicher für die IT-Infrastruktur gesehen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen der Literaturanalyse beschreiben wir Handlungsempfehlungen für Entscheidungsträger in der Praxis, die sich eine Übersicht über die möglichen Ein- und Ausrichtungen der CDO-Position schaffen wollen.
Das Zusammenspiel von Chief Executive Officer und Chief Digital Officer bei der digitalen Transformation
Authors: Hess Thomas , Sciuk Christian 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungDie schnellen Entwicklungs- und Diffusionszyklen von digitalen Technologien stellen Organisationen branchenübergreifend vor enorme Herausforderungen. Im Zuge ihrer digitalen Transformation müssen sich Unternehmen Gedanken machen, wie sie die Potenziale digitaler Technologien bestmöglich nutzen. Um diesen Anforderungen zu entsprechen, werden zunehmend Chief Digital Officers etabliert. Daneben zeigt sich in der Praxis, dass der Chief Executive Officer aufgrund der hohen strategischen Relevanz auch maßgeblich an der Steuerung der digitalen Transformation beteiligt ist. Zu der genauen Rolle des Chief Executive Officers bei der digitalen Transformation ist bisher jedoch wenig bekannt. Insbesondere gibt es noch keine Untersuchungen zu seiner Zusammenarbeit mit dem Chief Digital Officer. Anhand von vier Fallstudien zeigen wir explorativ auf, wie die Aufgabenverteilung und Interaktion von Chief Executive Officer und Chief Digital Officer in der Praxis ausgestaltet ist. Unsere Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass der Chief Executive Officer oftmals die Vision und die strategischen Vorgaben für die digitale Transformation festlegt. Zudem ist er an ausgewählten Themen aktiv beteiligt. Die konkrete Umsetzung der Leitlinien liegt hingegen beim Chief Digital Officer. Dabei hat er häufig einen gewissen Ermessensspielraum und kann ferner auch eigene Projekte unabhängig vorantreiben. Schließlich hat sich gezeigt, dass eine enge Abstimmung von Chief Executive Officer und Chief Digital Officer Grundvoraussetzung ist, um die digitale Transformation zielführend zu steuern.
Health risks to children from exposure to fecally-contaminated recreational water
Authors: Wade Timothy J. , Arnold Benjamin F. , Schiff Ken , Colford John M. , Weisberg Stephen B. , Griffith John F. , Dufour Alfred P. 
Published: April 2022

Background
Children may be at higher risk for swimming-associated illness following exposure to fecally-contaminated recreational waters. We analyzed a pooled data set of over 80,000 beachgoers from 13 beach sites across the United States to compare risks associated with the fecal indicator bacteria Enterococcus spp. (measured by colony forming units, CFU and quantitative polymerase chain reaction cell equivalents, qPCR CE) for different age groups across different exposures, sites and health endpoints.

Methods
Sites were categorized according to the predominant type of fecal contamination (human or non-human). Swimming exposures of varying intensity were considered according to degree of contact and time spent in the water. Health endpoints included gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms and skin rashes. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk of illness as a function of fecal contamination in water as measured by Enterococcus spp. among the exposed groups. Non-swimmers (those who did not enter the water) were excluded from the models to reduce bias and facilitate comparison across groups.

Results
Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most sensitive health endpoint and strongest associations were observed with Enterococcus qPCR CE at sites impacted by human fecal contamination. Under several exposure scenarios, associations between illness and Enterococcus spp. levels were significantly higher among children compared to adolescents and adults. Respiratory symptoms were also associated with Enterococcus spp. exposures among young children at sites affected by human fecal sources, although small sample sizes resulted in imprecise estimates for these associations.

Conclusion
Under many exposure scenarios, children were at higher risk of illness associated with exposure to fecal contamination as measured by the indicator bacteria Enterococcus spp. The source of fecal contamination and the intensity of swimming exposure were also important factors affecting the association between Enterococcus spp. and swimming-associated illness.
Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 is associated with progressive diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wu Tsung-Hui , Chang Li-Hsin , Chu Chia-Huei , Hwu Chii-Min , Chen Harn-Shen , Lin Liang-Yu 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundChronic low-grade inflammation is considered one of the major mechanisms for the progression of diabetic kidney disease. We investigated the prognostic value of circulating soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) for early nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and methodsA total of 364 patients with type 2 diabetes and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL/min/1.73m2were followed up for a median of 4 years. Renal outcomes were defined as a composite of either or both a >30% decline in the eGFR and/or albuminuria stage progression determined with consecutive tests.ResultsSeventy-three patients developed renal composite events. Serum concentrations of sTNFR2 were strongly associated with the risk of renal function decline and progressive changes in albuminuria. Through a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a serum sTNFR2 level of 1.608 ng/mL was adopted as the discriminator value for predicting renal outcomes (area under the curve 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.57–0.70, p < 0.001), yielding a sensitivity of 75.3% and a specificity of 51.2%. The association of sTNFR2 levels ≥1.608 ng/mL to renal outcomes was significant after adjusting for relevant variables (hazard ratio 2.27, 95% confidence interval 1.23–4.20, p = 0.009) and remained consistent across subgroups stratified by age, sex, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, albuminuria, and the use of renin-angiotensin system blockers.ConclusionsHigher circulating levels of sTNFR2 are independently associated with an eGFR decline and progressive albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Performance of formal smell testing and symptom screening for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Keck James W. , Bush Matthew , Razick Robert , Mohammadie Setareh , Musalia Joshua , Hamm Joel 
Published: April 2022

Background
Altered sense of smell is a commonly reported COVID-19 symptom. The performance of smell testing to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection status is unknown. We measured the ability of formal smell testing to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection and compared its performance with symptom screening.

Methods
A convenience sample of emergency department patients with COVID-19 symptom screening participated in smell testing using an eight odor Pocket Smell Test (PST). Participants received a SARS-CoV-2 viral PCR test after smell testing and completed a health conditions survey. Descriptive analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve models compared the accuracy of smell testing versus symptom screening in identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results
Two hundred and ninety-five patients completed smell testing and 87 (29.5%) had a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Twenty-eight of the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients (32.2%) and 49 of the SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (23.6%) reported at least one of seven screening symptoms (OR = 1.54, P = 0.13). SARS-CoV-2 positive patients were more likely to have hyposmia (≤5 correctly identified odors) than SARS-CoV-2 negative patients (56.1% vs. 19.3%, OR = 5.36, P<0.001). Hyposmia was 52.9% (95% CI 41.9%-63.7%) sensitive and 82.7% (95% CI 76.9%-87.6%) specific for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Presence of ≥1 screening symptom was 32.2% (95% CI 22.6%-43.1%) sensitive and 76.4% (70.1%-82.0%) specific for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The ROC curve for smell testing had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74 (95% CI 0.67–0.80). The ROC curve for symptom screening had lower discriminatory accuracy for SARS-CoV-2 infection (AUC = 0.55, 95% CI 0.49–0.61, P<0.001) than the smell testing ROC curve.

Conclusion
Smell testing was superior to symptom screening for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study.
Poziom rozwoju gospodarczego województw w ujęciu dynamicznym
Authors: Bożek Jadwiga , Szewczyk Janina , Jaworska Monika 
Published: April 2022

Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zmian poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego województw w okresie 2010–2019. Utrzymujące się od lat dysproporcje przestrzenne w zakresie rozwoju jednostek terytorialnych uzasadniają potrzebę takich badań, zwłaszcza w kontekście polityki wyrównywania regionalnych różnic rozwojowych. Badania prze- prowadzono na podstawie danych GUS. Zastosowano metodę porządkowania liniowego obiektów wielowymiarowych w ujęciu dynamicznym. Na podstawie dynamicznego miernika syntetycznego, który obejmował 13 wybranych cech diagnostycznych, sporządzono rankingi województw oraz obliczono skalę zmian w poziomie rozwoju województw.
Badania potwierdzają dysproporcje w rozwoju gospodarczym województw. W 2019 r. najlepsza sytuacja pod względem przyjętego zestawu cech diagnostycznych panowała w województwach: mazowieckim, śląskim, dolnośląskim, pomorskim i wielkopolskim, a najniższe wskaźniki odnotowano w województwach: lubelskim, podlaskim, warmińsko--mazurskim i świętokrzyskim. We wszystkich województwach poziom rozwoju gospodarczego wzrósł w badanym okresie, ale skala zmian była nierównomierna. Największy wzrost wskaźnika poziomu rozwoju nastąpił w województwach o najwyższym poziomie rozwoju, w wyniku czego wzrosły dysproporcje między województwami pod względem badanego zjawiska.
Multi-level energy efficient cooperative scheme for ring based clustering in wireless sensor network
Authors: Sumesh Jaya Mohanan Jayasree , Chella Perumal Maheswaran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is composed of different sensors attached to the same wireless medium. Sensor node data is usually forwarded to the base station, where it has been stored, evaluated, and processed. Ring Routing, a new energy-efficient distributed routing protocol aimed at larger-scale WSN applications with mobile sink and motionless sensor nodes. The structure ring is quickly converted, and they are capable of switching positions with regular nodes in a simple and effective manner, thereby minimizing the hotspot problem. In the network system, the central node is considered, and ring nodes with a certain distance are established while creating a ring structure. Since the sink nodes are powered by batteries, they deplete their batteries quicker than the other nodes, which is attributable to the accumulation of data traffic into the sink. Furthermore, when the ring configuration is disrupted due to ring node expiration, data transfer becomes tedious and causes significant delay. As a ring node starts to exhaust, its neighbor takes over as the ring node, and this selection of the regular node as the ring node is done optimally based on Multiple-Fitness Parameters such as Four-level energy consumption (4En), Distance (distance between the ring node and the regular node Dist

ring − reg
and distance between network centers to regular node

Δ
D
i
s

t

C
−
r
i
n
g

${\Delta}Dis{t}_{C-ring}$

) and delay S. Moreover, this optimal selection of the regular node to act as ring node will be carried out by a new hybrid algorithm referred to as Cuckoo Search Updated Sealion’s Attacking Technique (CSUSAT) that combines the standard crow search and sea lion optimization algorithm. At last, the supremacy of the presented approach is proved over other models.
Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoflakes synthesized using biogenic silica from Salacca zalacca leaf ash and the mechanistic insight into adsorption and photocatalytic wet peroxidation of dye
Authors: Purwiandono Gani , Fatimah Is , Sahroni Imam , Citradewi Putwi Widya , Kamari Azlan , Sagadevan Suresh , Oh Won-Chun , Doong Ruey-an 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Water pollution has become one of the most serious environmental issues recently, especially in relation to chemical-containing wastewater. Uncontrolled industrial waste, including large amounts of dye-containing wastewater from textile industries, needs intensive attention. In this work, the synthesis of Fe3O4@SiO2 nanocomposite biogenic silica from Salacca zalacca leaf ash was conducted for the photo-Fenton-like degradation of dye waste. The use of Salacca zalacca leaf ash and the nanoflake form is the novelty of this work. The physicochemical characterization of the material was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and diffuse reflectance UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-DRS) analyses, and photocatalytic activity of material was investigated in wet peroxidation of rhodamine B and batik wastewater. The results showed homogeneously dispersed Fe3O4 in SiO2 support with a nanoflake form, and a crystallite size of 44.9 nm was obtained. XRD investigation revealed the single phase of Fe3O4, which is consistent with the TEM analysis. The bandgap energy of 2.21 eV was reported from UV-DRS measurements, which influenced the increasing photocatalytic activity and reusability of the nanocomposite compared to pure Fe3O4. The photocatalyst showed the maximum degradation efficiency (DE) of 99.9% after 60 min, and the reusability feature was expressed, as there was an insignificant change in the DE over the fifth cycle of use. The material exhibited photocatalytic oxidation of batik wastewater as the removal of total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, and color reached 95.55%, 89.59%, and 90.00%, respectively.
Calibration and Validation of Micromagnetic Data for Non-Destructive Analysis of Near-Surface Properties after Hard Turning
Authors: Wegener T. , Liehr A. , Bolender A. , Degener S. , Wittich F. , Kroll A. , Niendorf T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Micromagnetic non-destructive (NDT) methods offer a great potential for the analysis of near-surface properties after machining due to potential time and cost reduction as well as the option to be implemented into the machining process. As a result, the development of soft sensor concepts including micromagnetic NDT methods is in focus of current investigations in order to eventually improve the surface integrity of machined components and, thus, service life and reliability. However, a preceding calibration based on empirical data as well as a reliable validation is often referred to as one of the main challenges of micromagnetic NDT methods. The present study provides insights into the calibration and validation of a micromagnetic 3MA-II system for NDT analysis of the near-surface properties, with a focus on the residual stress depth profiles after hard turning of 51CrV4 specimens. Different calibration functions as well as a combination of different NDT methods are taken into consideration. The results and the potential of the 3MA system as well as open challenges are critically discussed.
Additive Manufacturing of Tool Steels*
Authors: Escher C. , Mutke C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing of tool steels represents a great challenge, yet it offers new possibilities for the tool manufacture of, for example, complex forming tools with conformal cooling. First, this contribution gives an overview of the most relevant additive manufacturing processes, the materials and processing concepts. By means of a hybrid manufactured press hardening tool for high-strength sheet metal parts, an example of practical implementation is presented subsequently.
On the Chemical Composition of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Ultra-Clean Gear Steels
Authors: Fuchs D. , Kohlschmid D. , Tobie T. , Stahl K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Fisheye failures due to non-metallic inclusions can lead to the reduced endurance fatigue limit of case-hardened, shot-peened gears. Various approaches for preventing crack initiation at non-metallic inclusions are conceivable. As one approach, steel manufacturers have invested much effort in the steelmaking process to produce ultra-clean gear steels. Such ultra-clean gear steels were investigated in a gear research project. For each steel batch, different measures were taken during steel production to avoid or bind off non-metallic inclusions in order to reduce or even suppress the harmful effect of the non-metallic inclusions. However, the influence of the measures taken on the chemical composition of non-metallic inclusions in such ultra-clean gear steels is not investigated in the gear industry in detail so far. Therefore, in the framework of this publication, the chemical composition of non-metallic inclusions in ultra-clean gear steels is investigated. Furthermore, a comparison of the chemical analysis with the crack-initiating inclusions from the experimental investigations is performed.
Crystal structure of 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol from Arundina graminifolia, C22H20O4
Authors: Liu Mei-Feng , Zhang Xing-Yu , Du Yi-Mei , Chen Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
C22H20O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 11.355(5) Å, b = 15.084(7) Å, c = 20.078(9) Å, V = 3439(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0382, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0994, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of (E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-ferrocenylprop-2-en-1-one, C19H15ClFeO
Authors: Zhang Lilei , Xie Mengru 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
C19H15ClFeO, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.2693(5) Å, b = 11.2568(6) Å, c = 20.8930(10) Å, α = 80.350(2)°, β = 76.9640(10)°, γ = 86.921(2)°, V = 2319.4(2) Å3, Z = 6, R

gt
(F) = 0.0534, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0968, T = 170 K.