bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Star formation characteristics of CNN-identified post-mergers in the Ultraviolet Near Infrared Optical Northern Survey (UNIONS)
Authors: Bickley Robert W , Ellison Sara L , Patton David R , Bottrell Connor , Gwyn Stephen , Hudson Michael J 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The importance of the post-merger epoch in galaxy evolution has been well documented, but post-mergers are notoriously difficult to identify. While the features induced by mergers can sometimes be distinctive, they are frequently missed by visual inspection. In addition, visual classification efforts are highly inefficient because of the inherent rarity of post-mergers (~1 per cent in the low-redshift Universe), and non-parametric statistical merger selection methods do not account for the diversity of post-mergers or the environments in which they appear. To address these issues, we deploy a convolutional neural network (CNN) that has been trained and evaluated on realistic mock observations of simulated galaxies from the IllustrisTNG simulations, to galaxy images from the Canada France Imaging Survey, which is part of the Ultraviolet Near Infrared Optical Northern Survey. We present the characteristics of the galaxies with the highest CNN-predicted post-merger certainties, as well as a visually confirmed subset of 699 post-mergers. We find that post-mergers with high CNN merger probabilities [p(x) &gt; 0.8] have an average star formation rate that is 0.1 dex higher than a mass- and redshift-matched control sample. The SFR enhancement is even greater in the visually confirmed post-merger sample, a factor of 2 higher than the control sample.
Deep uGMRT observations of the ELAIS-North 1 field: statistical properties of radio–infrared relations up to z ∼ 2
Authors: Sinha Akriti , Basu Aritra , Datta Abhirup , Chakraborty Arnab 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Comprehending the radio–infrared (IR) relations of the faint extragalactic radio sources is important for using radio emission as a tracer of star formation in high redshift (z) star-forming galaxies (SFGs). Using deep uGMRT observations of the ELAIS-N1 field in the 0.3–0.5 GHz range, we study the statistical properties of the radio–IR relations and the variation of the ‘q-parameter’ up to z = 2 after broadly classifying the faint sources as SFGs and AGN. We find the dust temperature (Tdust) to increase with z. This gives rise to $q_{\rm 24\,\mu m}$, measured at $24\, \mu$m, to increase with z as the peak of IR emission shifts towards shorter wavelengths, resulting in the largest scatter among different measures of q-parameters. $q_{\rm 70\,\mu m}$ measured at $70\, \mu$m, and qTIR using total-IR (TIR) emission are largely unaffected by Tdust. We observe strong, non-linear correlations between the radio luminosities at 0.4 and 1.4 GHz with $70\, \mu$m luminosity and TIR luminosity(LTIR). To assess the possible role of the radio-continuum spectrum in making the relations non-linear, for the first time we study them at high z using integrated radio luminosity (LRC) in the range 0.1–2 GHz. In SFGs, the LRC–LTIR relation remains non-linear with a slope of 1.07 ± 0.02, has a factor of 2 lower scatter compared to monochromatic radio luminosities, and $q^{\rm RC}_{\rm TIR}$ decreases with z as $q^{\rm RC}_{\rm TIR}= (2.27 \pm 0.03)\, (1+z)^{-0.12 \pm 0.03}$. A redshift variation of q is a natural consequence of non-linearity. We suggest that a redshift evolution of magnetic field strengths and/or cosmic ray acceleration efficiency in high-z SFGs could give rise to non-linear radio–IR relations.
Water observed in the atmosphere of τ Boötis Ab with CARMENES/CAHA
Authors: Webb Rebecca K , Gandhi Siddharth , Brogi Matteo , Birkby Jayne L , de Mooij Ernst , Snellen Ignas , Zhang Yapeng 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Characterizing the atmospheres of hot Jupiters is important in understanding the formation and migration of these exotic planets. However, there are still many open questions about the chemical and physical properties of these atmospheres. Here, we confirm the detection of water vapour in thermal emission from the non-transiting hot Jupiter τ Boötis Ab with the high-resolution NIR CARMENES spectrograph. Combining over 17 h of observations (560 spectra) and using a Bayesian cross-correlation to log-likelihood approach, we measure a systemic velocity of $V_{\mathrm{sys}} = -11.51^{+0.59}_{-0.60}$  km s−1  and a radial velocity semi-amplitude of $K_{\mathrm{P}} = 106.21^{+1.76}_{-1.71}$  km s−1  for the planet, which results in an absolute mass of $M_{\mathrm{P}} = 6.24^{+0.17}_{-0.18}\, \mathrm{M_{J}}$ and an orbital inclination of $41.6^{+1.0}_{-0.9}$ degrees. Our retrieved Vsys shows a significant shift (+5  km s−1) from the literature value, which could be caused by an inaccurate time of periastron. Within the explored model grid, we measure a preference for solar water abundance (VMR = 10−3) and find no evidence for additional minor species in the atmosphere. Given the extensive orbital coverage of the data, we searched for a phase dependency in the water signal but found no strong evidence of variation with orbital phase. This detection is at odds with recent observations from SPIRou/CFHT and their tight upper limit on water abundance. We recommend further observations of the atmosphere τ Boötis Ab to try and resolve these discrepancies.
Dispersal of protoplanetary discs: how stellar properties and the local environment determine the pathway of evolution
Authors: Coleman Gavin A L , Haworth Thomas J 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the evolution and final dispersal of protoplanetary discs that evolve under the action of internal and external photoevaporation, and different degrees of viscous transport. We identify five distinct dispersal pathways, which are (i) very long-lived discs ($\gt 20\,$ Myr), (ii) inside-out dispersal where internal photoevaporation dominates and opens inner holes, (iii) outside-in dispersal where external photoevaporation dominates through disc truncation, and two intermediate regimes characterized by lingering material in the inner disc with the outer disc dispersed predominantly by either internal or external photoevaporation. We determine how the lifetime, relative impact of internal and external winds, and clearing pathway vary over a wide, plausible, parameter space of stellar/disc/radiation properties. There are a number of implications, for example, in high UV environments because the outer disc lifetime is shorter than the time-scale for clearing the inner disc, we do not expect transition discs to be common, which appears to be reflected in the location of transition disc populations towards the Orion Nebular Cluster. Irrespective of environment, we find that ongoing star formation is required to reproduce observed disc fractions as a function of stellar cluster age. This work demonstrates the importance of including both internal and external winds for understanding protoplanetary disc evolution.
Variations of cyclotron resonant scattering features in Vela X-1 revealed with Insight-HXMT
Authors: Liu Q , Wang W , Chen X , Ding Y Z , Lu F J , Song L M , Qu J L , Zhang S , Zhang S N 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed study of the high-mass X-ray binary Vela X-1, using observations performed by Insight-HXMT in 2019 and 2020, concentrating on timing analysis and spectral studies including pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy. The cyclotron line energy is found to be ∼21–27 and 43–50 keV for the fundamental and first harmonic, respectively. We present the evolution of spectral parameters and find that the two line centroid energy ratio E2/E1 evolved from ∼2 before MJD 58900 to ∼1.7 after that. The harmonic cyclotron line energy has no relation to the luminosity but the fundamental line energy shows a positive correlation with X-ray luminosity, suggesting that Vela X-1 is located in the sub-critical accreting regime. In addition, the pulse phase-resolved spectroscopy in Vela X-1 is performed. Both the cyclotron resonant scattering feature and continuum parameters show strong variability over the pulse phase with the ratio of two line energies about 2 near the peak phases and down to ∼1.6 around off-peak phases. Long-term significant variations of the absorption column density and its evolution over the pulse phase may imply the existence of the clumpy wind structure near the neutron star.
Host galaxy magnitude of OJ 287 from its colours at minimum light
Authors: Valtonen Mauri J , Dey Lankeswar , Zola S , Ciprini S , Kidger M , Pursimo T , Gopakumar A , Matsumoto K , Sadakane K , Caton D B , Nilsson K , Komossa S , Bagaglia M , Baransky A , Boumis P , Boyd D , Castro-Tirado A J , Debski B , Drozdz M , Escartin Pérez A , Fiorucci M , Garcia F , Gazeas K , Ghosh S , Godunova V , Gomez J L , Gredel R , Grupe D , Haislip J B , Henning T , Hurst G , Janík J , Kouprianov V V , Lehto H , Liakos A , Mathur S , Mugrauer M , Naves Nogues R , Nucciarelli G , Ogloza W , Ojha D K , Pajdosz-Śmierciak U , Pascolini S , Poyner G , Reichart D E , Rizzi N , Roncella F , Sahu D K , Sillanpää A , Simon A , Siwak M , Soldán Alfaro F C , Sonbas E , Tosti G , Vasylenko V , Webb J R , Zielinski P 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTOJ 287 is a BL Lacertae type quasar in which the active galactic nucleus (AGN) outshines the host galaxy by an order of magnitude. The only exception to this may be at minimum light when the AGN activity is so low that the host galaxy may make quite a considerable contribution to the photometric intensity of the source. Such a dip or a fade in the intensity of OJ 287 occurred in 2017 November, when its brightness was about 1.75 mag lower than the recent mean level. We compare the observations of this fade with similar fades in OJ 287 observed earlier in 1989, 1999, and 2010. It appears that there is a relatively strong reddening of the B− V colours of OJ 287 when its V-band brightness drops below magnitude 17. Similar changes are also seen in V− R, V− I, and R− I colours during these deep fades. These data support the conclusion that the total magnitude of the host galaxy is V = 18.0 ± 0.3, corresponding to MK = −26.5 ± 0.3 in the K-band. This is in agreement with the results, obtained using the integrated surface brightness method, from recent surface photometry of the host. These results should encourage us to use the colour separation method also in other host galaxies with strongly variable AGN. In the case of OJ 287, both the host galaxy and its central black hole are among the biggest known, and its position in the black hole mass–galaxy mass diagram lies close to the mean correlation.
Polarization properties of weakly magnetized neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries
Authors: Gnarini A , Ursini F , Matt G , Bianchi S , Capitanio F , Cocchi M , Farinelli R , Zhang W 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
X-ray polarimetry missions like Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer will be able to measure for the first time the polarization properties of accreting, weakly magnetized neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries. In this work, we present simulations of the expected X-ray polarized signal, including the coronal emission for different geometries of the corona itself, i.e. a slab above the accretion disc and a spherical shell around the neutron star. The simulations are performed with the fully relativistic Monte Carlo code monk capable of computing the X-ray polarization degree and angle for various physical input parameters of the neutron star, disc, and corona. Different coronal geometries result in significantly different X-ray polarization properties, which can therefore be used to constrain the geometry of the systems.
Subjective symptoms contributing to the quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients with clinical remission from the IORRA database
Authors: Sakai Ryoko , Tanaka Eiichi , Inoue Eisuke , Sato Minako , Tanaka Masaru , Ikari Katsunori , Yamanaka Hisashi , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To explore patient-reported outcomes (PROs) related to quality of life (QOL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who achieved clinical remission.

Methods
In the Institute of Rheumatology, Rheumatoid Arthritis dataset, RA patients &gt;18 years old who met the simplified disease activity index (SDAI) remission criteria in April 2017 were enrolled in this analysis. Pain-visual analogue scale (pain-VAS) (0–100 mm), patient’s global assessment of disease activity (Pt-GA; 0–100 mm), Japanese version of the Health Assessment Questionnaire, duration of morning joint stiffness, and fatigue [Checklist Individual Strength 8R (CIS)] were the tools used to evaluate PROs. To assess the contribution of each PRO to the European QOL-5 Dimensions-5 Level (EQ-5D-5L) score, an analysis of variance was conducted.

Results
Among the 2443 patients with remission, the mean EQ-5D-5L was 0.9. The mean pain-VAS and Pt-GA were 7.2 and 7.4, respectively. Factors that significantly contributed to the EQ-5D-5L were pain-VAS (48.8%), CIS score (18.1%), and Pt-GA (15.6%). Around 82.5% of the variance in EQ-5D-5L was explained by the three PROs.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that pain-VAS, CIS, and Pt-GA were significant contributors to the EQ-5D-5L score in patients with RA who achieved the simplified disease activity index remission criteria.
Use of biologics for systemic sclerosis and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: Information from a Japanese hospital claims database
Authors: Narita Yusuke , Funatogawa Takashi , Mii Kazuma , Adachi Hiroki , Tamura Aya , Yamakido Shinji 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Limited information is available on the use of biologics in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) or SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) in Japan. The types of biologics, treatment duration, treatment prior to biologics, concomitant treatment, and characteristics of patients receiving biologics were investigated.

Methods
We used a Japanese hospital claims database provided by Medical Data Vision Co. (2008–2021).

Results
In the database, 1186 of 34,207 SSc patients (3.5%) and 620 of 12,303 SSc-ILD patients (5.0%) received anti-interleukin-6 (anti-IL-6) drugs, anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs, abatacept, or rituximab. The most common were anti-IL-6 drugs [used in 35.5% of SSc patients and 38.5% of SSc-ILD patients (tocilizumab, 34.5% and 36.6%)], followed by anti-TNF drugs [31.3% and 26.5% (etanercept, 10.5% and 9.0%; others, &lt;8%)], abatacept (17.5% and 20.6%), and rituximab (15.7% and 14.4%). Among SSc and SSc-ILD patients treated with anti-IL-6 drugs, anti-TNF drugs, or abatacept, the most common immunosuppressive drugs prior to initiation of biologics were methotrexate and tacrolimus. Approximately half of patients receiving anti-IL-6 drugs, anti-TNF drugs, or abatacept continued treatment beyond 1 year.

Conclusions
Our study indicates that off-label biologics have been used in a certain number of SSc or SSc-ILD patients in Japan, with tocilizumab the most common.
Phase II study of alisertib as a single agent for treating recurrent or progressive atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor
Authors: Upadhyaya Santhosh A , Campagne Olivia , Billups Catherine A , Orr Brent A , Onar-Thomas Arzu , Tatevossian Ruth G , Mostafavi Roya , Myers Jason R , Vinitsky Anna , Moreira Daniel C , Lindsay Holly B , Kilburn Lindsay , Baxter Patricia , Smith Amy , Crawford John R , Partap Sonia , Bendel Anne E , Aguilera Dolly G , Nichols Kim E , Rampersaud Evadnie , Ellison David W , Klimo Paul , Patay Zoltan , Robinson Giles W , Broniscer Alberto , Stewart Clinton F , Wetmore Cynthia , Gajjar Amar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Recurrent atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is, most often, a fatal pediatric malignancy with limited curative options.

Methods
We conducted a phase II study of Aurora kinase A inhibitor alisertib in patients aged &lt;22 years with recurrent AT/RT. Patients received alisertib once daily (80 mg/m2 as enteric-coated tablets or 60 mg/m2 as liquid formulation) on Days 1–7 of a 21-day cycle until progressive disease (PD) occurred. Alisertib plasma concentrations were measured in cycle 1 on Days 1 (single dose) and 7 (steady state) and analyzed with noncompartmental pharmacokinetics. Trial efficacy end point was ≥10 participants with stable disease (SD) or better at 12 weeks.

Results
SD (n = 8) and partial response (PR) (n = 1) were observed among 30 evaluable patients. Progression-free survival (PFS) was 30.0% ± 7.9% at 6 months and 13.3% ± 5.6% at 1 year. One-year overall survival (OS) was 36.7% ± 8.4%. Two patients continued treatment for &gt;12 months. PFS did not differ by AT/RT molecular groups. Neutropenia was the most common adverse effect (n = 23/30, 77%). The 22 patients who received liquid formulation had a higher mean maximum concentration (Cmax) of 10.1 ± 3.0 µM and faster time to Cmax (Tmax = 1.2 ± 0.7 h) than those who received tablets (Cmax = 5.7 ± 2.4 µM, Tmax = 3.4 ± 1.4 h).

Conclusions
Although the study did not meet predetermined efficacy end point, single-agent alisertib was well tolerated by children with recurrent AT/RT, and SD or PR was observed in approximately a third of the patients.
Aftersensations and Lingering Pain After Examination in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Authors: Berwick Richard J , Andersson David A , Goebel Andreas , Marshall Andrew 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain condition with mixed peripheral and central contributions. Patients display hypersensitivities to a spectrum of stimuli. Patients’ blunt pressure pain thresholds are typically reduced, and sometimes (∼15%) gentle brushstroke induces allodynia. However, aftersensations after these stimuli have not, to our knowledge, been reported.

Methods
We examined the perception of blunt pressure and “pleasant touch” in FMS. Patients were first interviewed and completed standard psychometric questionnaires. We then measured their sensitivity to blunt pressure and perception of pleasant touch, including aftersensations; patients were followed up for 5 days to evaluate lingering pain from blunt pressure.

Results
We recruited 51 patients with FMS and 16 pain-free healthy controls (HCs) at a UK Pain Management Centre. Forty-four patients completed the aftersensation protocol. Most patients reported pain after the application of less mechanical pressure than the level of pressure at which HCs reported pain; median arm and leg thresholds for the patients with FMS were 167 kPa and 233 kPa, respectively. Eighty-four percent (31/37) of patients reported ongoing pain at the site of pressure application 1 day after testing, and 49% (18/37) still perceived pain at 5 days. Aftersensations after brushstroke were common in the FMS group, reported by 77% (34/44) of patients with FMS vs 25% (4/16) of HCs; 34% (15/44) of patients, but no HCs, perceived these aftersensations as uncomfortable. For patients with FMS who experienced aftersensations, brushstroke pleasantness ratings were reduced, and the skin was often an important site of pain.

Conclusion
Pain after blunt pressure assessment typically lingers for several days. Aftersensations after brushstroke stimulation are a previously unreported FMS phenomenon. They are associated with tactile anhedonia and might identify a clinically distinct subgroup.
Incidence and pattern of mycophenolate discontinuation associated with abnormal monitoring blood-test results: cohort study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum
Authors: Nakafero Georgina , Grainge Matthew J , Card Tim , Mallen Christian D , Riley Richard , van der Windt Danielle , Fox Christopher P , Taal Maarten W , Aithal Guruprasad P , Williams Hywel C , Abhishek Abhishek 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective
The aim was to examine the incidence and pattern of MMF discontinuation associated with abnormal monitoring blood-test results.

Methods
Data from people prescribed MMF for common inflammatory conditions in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink were used. Participants were followed from the first MMF prescription. The primary outcome was drug discontinuation with an associated abnormal blood-test result within 60 days. Secondary outcomes were drug discontinuation for any reason and discontinuation associated with severely abnormal blood-test results within 60 days. Multivariable Cox regression was used to examine factors associated with the primary outcome.

Results
The cohort included 992 participants (68.9% female, mean age 51.95 years, 47.1% with SLE) contributing 1885 person-years of follow-up. The incidence of MMF discontinuation associated with any (severely) abnormal blood-test results was 153.46 (21.07) per 1000 person-years in the first year of prescription and 32.39 (7.91) per 1000 person-years in later years. Of those patients prescribed MMF, 11.5% (1.7%) discontinued treatment with any (severely) abnormal blood-test results in the first year of prescription. After this period, a mean of 2.6% (0.7%) of patients discontinued treatment with any (severely) abnormal blood-test results per year. Increased serum creatinine and cytopenia were more commonly associated with MMF discontinuation than elevated liver enzymes. Chronic kidney disease stage 3 or higher was significantly associated with MMF discontinuation with any blood-test abnormalities [adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.22 (1.47, 3.37)].

Conclusion
MMF is uncommonly discontinued for blood-test abnormalities and even less often discontinued for severe blood-test abnormalities after the first year of prescription. Consideration can be given to less frequent monitoring after 1 year of treatment, especially in those without chronic kidney disease stage 3 or higher.
Central nervous system injury meets nanoceria: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Yang Wang , Zhang Maoting , He Jian , Gong Mingfu , Sun Jian , Yang Xiaochao 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) injury, induced by ischemic/hemorrhagic or traumatic damage, is one of the most common causes of death and long-term disability worldwide. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) resulting in oxidative/nitrosative stress play a critical role in the pathological cascade of molecular events after CNS injury. Therefore, by targeting RONS, antioxidant therapies have been intensively explored in previous studies. However, traditional antioxidants have achieved limited success thus far, and the development of new antioxidants to achieve highly effective RONS modulation in CNS injury still remains a great challenge. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, novel nanomaterials provided promising opportunities to address this challenge. Within these, nanoceria has gained much attention due to its regenerative and excellent RONS elimination capability. To promote its practical application, it is important to know what has been done and what has yet to be done. This review aims to present the opportunities and challenges of nanoceria in treating CNS injury. The physicochemical properties of nanoceria and its interaction with RONS are described. The applications of nanoceria for stroke and neurotrauma treatment are summarized. The possible directions for future application of nanoceria in CNS injury treatment are proposed.