bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of polar compounds distribution in deep‐frying oil on lipid digestion behaviour
Authors: Li Xue , Liu Yan‐jun , Nian Bin‐bin , Cao Xin‐yu , Liu Yuan‐fa , Xu Yong‐jiang 
Published: March 2022

SummaryDeep‐frying oil featuring total polar compound (TPC) has been found to be unhealthy. However, little information is available regarding the impact of TPC on the lipid digestion behaviour. In this study, three typical edible oils (palm oil, PO; high oleic acid peanut oil, HOA; and high linoleic acid sunflower oil, HLA) were selected to investigate the effect of deep‐frying on the lipid digestion. Digestion behaviour was monitored by pH‐Stat method in vitro. Digestibility rate analysis showed that free fatty acids release rate of all TPC groups was the slowest among corresponding fresh oils and deep‐frying oils, indicating deep‐frying decreased lipid digestion rate. Lipid droplet analysis uncovered that deep‐frying could increase lipid particle size. Correlation analysis showed the polymers in TPC are negatively correlated with digestion rate and particle size, suggesting the digestion behaviour of deep‐frying oil is related to TPC constitution. In conclusion, this study highlights that deep‐frying weaken the lipid digestion capacity, and the multiplicity of TPC distribution which vary in terms of FAs type contribute to differences of digestion behaviour in deep‐frying oils.
Infant appetite traits, feeding practices and child obesity in low‐income Hispanic families
Authors: Vandyousefi Sarvenaz , Messito Mary Jo , Katzow Michelle W. , Scott Marc A. , Gross Rachel S. 
Published: March 2022

SummaryBackgroundAppetite traits and feeding practices are important determinants of child weight and obesity.ObjectivesThis study examined whether: (1) infant appetite traits were associated with feeding practices and (2) feeding practices mediated the link between appetite traits and weight‐for‐age z‐scores at age 3 years.MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis from the ‘Starting Early Program’ of low‐income, Hispanic mother–child pairs. Appetite traits were assessed using the Baby Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Infant feeding practices were collected using 24‐h dietary recalls and surveys: (1) breastfeeding exclusivity, intensity and duration; (2) early introduction to complementary foods/liquids and (3) any 100% fruit juice consumption at age 10 months. Regression and mediation analyses were used to explore associations between appetite, feeding and weight.ResultsHigher infant Slowness in Eating scores were associated with greater breastfeeding exclusivity, intensity and duration, compared to lower Slowness in Eating. Infants with higher Slowness in Eating and Satiety Responsiveness had lower odds of early introduction to complementary foods/liquids. Infants with higher Enjoyment of Food had greater odds of 100% juice consumption. Breastfeeding duration mediated the relationship between higher infant Slowness in Eating and lower weight‐for‐age z‐scores.ConclusionsAppetite traits represent potential targets for early life infant feeding interventions.
COVID‐19 et travail informel: les enseignements d'une étude sur la situation dans onze grandes villes
Authors: CHEN Martha Alter , GRAPSA Erofili , ISMAIL Ghida , ROGAN Michael , VALDIVIA Marcela , ALFERS Laura , HARVEY Jenna , OGANDO Ana Carolina , REED Sarah Orleans , ROEVER Sally 
Published: March 2022

RésuméLes auteurs présentent les conclusions d'une étude dirigée par le réseau Femmes dans l'emploi informel: globalisation et organisation (WIEGO) sur les effets de la crise du COVID‐19 sur les travailleurs informels. L'analyse porte sur quatre professions et onze grandes villes de cinq régions. Il y est question du travail et des revenus, de l'accès à l'alimentation et de la faim, des responsabilités familiales et domestiques, ainsi que des stratégies d'adaptation des ménages. Les auteurs évoquent également les mesures de soutien proposées par les gouvernements et les organisations de travailleurs informels. Enfin, ils énoncent une série de principes devant guider l'action en faveur de ce groupe.
COVID‐19 y trabajo informal: evidencia de once ciudades
Authors: CHEN Martha Alter , GRAPSA Erofili , ISMAIL Ghida , ROGAN Michael , VALDIVIA Marcela , ALFERS Laura , HARVEY Jenna , OGANDO Ana Carolina , REED Sarah Orleans , ROEVER Sally 
Published: March 2022

ResumenSe presentan las conclusiones de un estudio dirigido por la red Mujeres en Empleo Informal: Globalizando y Organizando (WIEGO), en el que se investigan las repercusiones de la crisis de la COVID‐19 en diferentes grupos de personas trabajadoras informales y en sus hogares en términos de empleo, ingresos, alimentación y hambre, cuidado y otras responsabilidades domésticas, así como las estrategias de afrontamiento de estas personas. Se comparan los roles de los gobiernos y de las organizaciones de personas trabajadoras informales en la prestación de diversas ayudas. Basándose en las reivindicaciones de estas personas, se plantean principios rectores para mejorar su situación en el futuro.
Molecular characterization and functional analysis of Cry toxin receptor‐like genes from the model insect Galleria mellonella
Authors: Dutta Tushar K. , Veeresh Arudhimath , Phani Victor , Kundu Artha , Santhoshkumar Kodhandaraman , Mathur Chetna , Sagar Doddachowdappa , Sreevathsa Rohini 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCrystal (Cry) toxins produced from the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), have gained worldwide attention for long due to their insecticidal potential. A number of receptor proteins located on the epithelial cells of the larval midgut were shown to be crucial for Cry intoxication in different insect pests belonging to order Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera. A beehive pest, Galleria mellonella, serves as an excellent insect model for biochemical research. However, information on the Cry receptor‐like genes in G. mellonella is limited. In the present study, the full‐length sequences of four putative Cry receptor genes (ABC transporter, alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase N and cadherin) were cloned from G. mellonella. All these receptor genes were substantially upregulated in the midgut tissue of fourth‐instar G. mellonella larvae upon early exposure (6 h) to a sub‐lethal dose of Cry1AcF toxin. Oral and independent delivery of bacterially‐expressed dsRNAs corresponding to four receptor genes in G. mellonella suppressed the transcription of target receptors which in turn significantly reduced the larval sensitivity to Cry1AcF toxin. As the laboratory populations of G. mellonella develop Bt resistance in a relatively short time, molecular characterization of Cry receptor genes in G. mellonella performed in the present study may provide some useful information for future research related to the genetic basis of Bt resistance in the model insect.
The clinical relevance of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and its correlations with tumorigenic immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Zhi‐Qiang , Wang Xiang , Ji Xiang‐Wen , Jiang Fen‐Jun , Han Xin‐Ye , Zhang Wei‐Li , An Yi‐Hua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer with extremely high mortality. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play an important role in the occurrence, invasion and prognosis of HCC; however, its relationship with immunity in HCC has not yet been studied. Therefore, we investigated the diagnostic and prognostic values of EMT and explored its potential connections with tumorigenic immune infiltrates in HCC. We first proposed a quantitative metric of EMT activity, the EMT score. After applying this metric to 20 datasets from the Integrative Molecular Database of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, the Cancer Genome Atlas, and the Gene Expression Omnibus, we explored the ability of the EMT score to stratify across sample types. We then applied the EMT score for survival analysis and to differentiate patients with/without vascular invasion to test its prognostic value. We also collected and calculated data on the abundance of immune cells and immune cell markers in HCC and investigated their correlations with EMT scores. Finally, we synthesized and analyzed 20 datasets and constructed an EMT‐gene‐immune linkage network. The results showed higher EMT scores in HCC samples than in cirrhotic and normal livers. The cases with higher EMT scores also showed poorer performance in terms of prognostic factors such as vascular invasion and overall survival time. Our research demonstrated a broad correlation between EMT and the tumor immune microenvironment, and we uncovered multiple potential linkers associated with both EMT and immunity. Studying EMT has clinical relevance and high diagnostic and prognostic value for HCC.
Drivers of unique and asynchronous population dynamics in Malagasy herpetofauna
Authors: Kuhn Arianna , Gehara Marcelo , Andrianarimalala Mamy S. M. , Rabibisoa Nirhy , Randriamahatantsoa Bernard , Overcast Isaac , Raxworthy Christopher J. , Ruane Sara , Burbrink Frank T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimA long history of isolation coupled with complex landscapes makes Madagascar ideal for exploring the historical factors that have shaped patterns of population diversity and endemism. Many species‐level studies have suggested Late Quaternary climate change may have influenced population dynamics in the tropics, but unique biomes and individual species properties may have driven idiosyncratic responses to these shifts. Here, we use community‐scale population genetic data to investigate the impact of Quaternary climate cycles on shared demographic response and investigate the contributions of both biotic and abiotic factors which shape these demographic trajectories.LocationMadagascar.TaxonReptiles and Amphibians.MethodsUsing community‐scale population genetic data, we implement a hierarchical approximate Bayesian computation approach to evaluate the degree of synchronous population expansion during glacial cycles across herpetofaunal assemblages both within and across discrete biomes and taxonomic groups. We use Bayesian model averaging to identify intrinsic and extrinsic conditions predictive of individualistic demographic change.ResultsWe find that demographic responses are not uniform across groups, with more than 50% of all populations showing signal of recent expansion. Our explanatory models indicate species occupying narrow elevational ranges had a higher probability of expansion, while amphibian assemblages showed higher genetic diversity and greater departures from population neutrality. Expansion events were largely asynchronous, with coexpansion found in less than half of all populations. Exceptionally, 69%–74% of all humid‐restricted populations coexpanded during the start of the Last Glacial Period at around 100 kya, supporting the hypothesis of a more extensive humid forest cover for Madagascar during this time.Main conclusionsWe show that differences in life history and regional biogeography have contributed to patterns of richness and endemism found across Madagascar, and historical connectivity across humid forests has been an important factor in shaping present‐day diversity and endemism on Madagascar, particularly for amphibians.
Association between sensorineural hearing loss and vitiligo: a nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Li C.‐L. , Ma S.‐H. , Wu C.‐Y. , Chang P.‐H. , Chang Y.‐T. , Wu C.‐Yi. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is an acquired depigmentation disease of the skin due to melanocyte destruction. A shared pathogenesis affecting melanocytes in the cochlea has been postulated. However, the association between vitiligo and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is unclear.ObjectiveTo identify the association between vitiligo and SNHL.MethodsThis retrospective, nationwide cohort study included patients with vitiligo and age‐, sex‐ and comorbidities‐matched controls (propensity score matching; 1:4 ratio) from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2013.ResultsIn total, 13 048 patients with vitiligo and 52 192 controls were included. SNHL developed in 0.61% patients with vitiligo and 0.29% controls. After adjusting for sex, age and comorbidities, a significant association between vitiligo and SNHL was found (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.66–2.86). The other risk factors for developing SNHL included increased age, male sex, hyperlipidaemia, coronary artery disease and diffuse connective tissue diseases. In subgroup analysis, the association between vitiligo and SNHL remained significant in almost all the subgroups.ConclusionA 2.2‐fold increased risk of developing SNHL was found in patients with vitiligo. Proper referral to otologists for early screening and closer follow‐up of SNHL should be considered for patients with vitiligo, especially for patients with older age.
A neurobiological perspective on social influence: Serotonin and social adaptation
Authors: Duerler Patricia , Vollenweider Franz X. , Preller Katrin H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHumans are inherently social beings. Being suggestible to each other's expectations enables pro‐social skills that are crucial for social learning and adaptation. Despite their high relevance for psychiatry, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying social adaptation are still not well understood. This review, therefore, provides a conceptual framework covering various distinct mechanisms underlying social adaptation and explores the neuropharmacology — in particular the role of the serotonin (5‐HT) system — in modulating these mechanisms. This article reviews empirical results on social influence processing and reconciles them with recent findings from psychedelic research on social processing to elucidate neurobiological and neuropharmacological underpinnings of social adaptation. Various computational, neurobiological, and neurochemical processes are involved in distinct mechanisms underlying social adaptation such as the multisensory process of social information integration that is crucial for the forming of self‐representation and representations of social norms. This is again associated with self‐ and other‐perception during social interactions as well as value‐based decision‐making that guides our behavior in daily interactions. We highlight the critical role of 5‐HT in these processes and suggest that 5‐HT can facilitate social learning and may represent an important target for treating psychiatric disorders characterized by impairments in social functioning. This framework also has important implications for psychedelic‐assisted therapy as well as for the development of novel treatment approaches and future research directions.image
The altered HLA‐DQ expression in peripheral blood T cells of chronic hepatitis B patients characterizes the function of T cells
Authors: Zeng Xingyue , Bahabayi Ayibaota , Tuerhanbayi Bulidierxin , Zheng Mohan , Liu Tianci , Xu Lijuan , Long Yan , Xia Changsheng , Lu Songsong , Song Ying , Liu Chen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to clarify the expression of HLA‐DQ and granulysin in peripheral blood T‐cell subsets in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) and to evaluate their significance in assisting CHB diagnosis and immune status assessment.MethodsPeripheral blood from 34 CHB patients, 36 inactive HBsAg carriers and 33 healthy controls were collected, and HLA‐DQ and granulysin in a series of T‐cell subsets were analysed by flow cytometry. The ability to secrete IL‐10 and IFN‐γ and the functional T‐cell subsets were measured in Treg and CD4 cells expressing HLA‐DQ or not. Correlation analyses were further conducted between HLA‐DQ/granulysin‐related subsets and clinical indicators of HBV infection, and ROC curves were built to evaluate diagnosis efficiency of HLA‐DQ‐related subsets.ResultsHLA‐DQ+ percentages in circulating CD4 T cells were downregulated in CHB patients. The proportions of HLA‐DQ + Tfh in CHB were upregulated while HLA‐DQ+ percentages in Treg were decreased. In terms of function, the IFN‐γ secretion ability of CD4 + T cells and IL‐10 secretion in Tregs were stronger in HLA‐DQ+ than HLA‐DQ‐ subsets. HLA‐DQ + CD4 + T cells and HLA‐DQ + Treg were negatively correlated with HBV‐DNA, while HLA‐DQ + Tfh and Tfc cells were positively correlated with HBV‐DNA and ALT. HLA‐DQ + Treg/Tfh/Tfc could help to distinguish CHB from inactive HBsAg carriers.ConclusionHLA‐DQ on T cells can characterize the function of T‐cell subsets and analysis of HLA‐DQ can help to evaluate immune status and assist in diagnosis of CHB.
Mentoring as a dose treatment: Frequency matters—Evidence from a French mentoring programme
Authors: Chiodi Vera , Montes‐Rojas Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe evaluate how the impact of a mentoring programme in French disadvantaged high schools varies with the intensity of the programme. Given that, in general, the only significant effect was observed by full attendance to all meetings, we argue that the treatment dose matters. Thus, while the original evaluation programme was designed as a randomized experiment to balance control and treated individuals (those who were offered the mentoring scheme, with different degree of programme participation), we motivate the use of continuous and multi‐valued treatment effects models to estimate the dose response function. The programme shows that information about prospective labour market opportunities feeds back positively into academic performance. However, it has a negative effect on job self‐esteem, suggesting that acquiring information on job market prospects updates students' priors on their skills and possibilities and that the students might be updating rationally.
Habitat‐adapted microbial communities mediate Sphagnum peatmoss resilience to warming
Authors: Carrell Alyssa A. , Lawrence Travis J. , Cabugao Kristine Grace M. , Carper Dana L. , Pelletier Dale A. , Lee Jun Hyung , Jawdy Sara S. , Grimwood Jane , Schmutz Jeremy , Hanson Paul J. , Shaw A. Jonathan , Weston David J. 
Published: March 2022

Summary

Sphagnum peatmosses are fundamental members of peatland ecosystems, where they contribute to the uptake and long‐term storage of atmospheric carbon. Warming threatens Sphagnum mosses and is known to alter the composition of their associated microbiome. Here, we use a microbiome transfer approach to test if microbiome thermal origin influences host plant thermotolerance.

We leveraged an experimental whole‐ecosystem warming study to collect field‐grown Sphagnum, mechanically separate the associated microbiome and then transfer onto germ‐free laboratory Sphagnum for temperature experiments. Host and microbiome dynamics were assessed with growth analysis, Chla fluorescence imaging, metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and 16S rDNA profiling.

Microbiomes originating from warming field conditions imparted enhanced thermotolerance and growth recovery at elevated temperatures. Metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed that warming altered microbial community structure in a manner that induced the plant heat shock response, especially the HSP70 family and jasmonic acid production. The heat shock response was induced even without warming treatment in the laboratory, suggesting that the warm‐microbiome isolated from the field provided the host plant with thermal preconditioning.

Our results demonstrate that microbes, which respond rapidly to temperature alterations, can play key roles in host plant growth response to rapidly changing environments.
A new method for training creativity: narrative as an alternative to divergent thinking
Authors: Fletcher Angus , Benveniste Mike 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCreativity is a major source of innovation, growth, adaptability, and psychological resilience, making it a top priority of governments, global corporations, educational institutions, and other organizations that collectively invest hundreds of millions of dollars annually into training. The current foundation of creativity training is the technique known as divergent thinking; yet for decades, concerns have been raised about the adequacy of divergent thinking: it is incongruent with the creative processes of children and most adult creatives, and it has failed to yield expected downstream results in creative production. In this article, we present an alternative approach to creativity training, based in neural processes different from those involved in divergent thinking and drawing upon a previously unused resource for creativity research: narrative theory. We outline a narrative theory of creativity training; illustrate with examples of training and assessment from our ongoing work with the U.S. Department of Defense, Fortune 50 companies, and graduate and professional schools; and explain how the theory can help fill prominent lacunae and gaps in existing creativity research, including the creativity of children, the psychological mechanisms of scientific and technological innovation, and the failure of computer artificial intelligence to replicate human creativity.
Analysis of mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in theatpAregion and design of simple sequence repeat and sequence characterized amplified region markers for distinguishing AD1, CMS‐D2 and CMS‐D8 cytoplasms in cotton (Gossypiumspp.)
Authors: Ding Jiaqi , Sun Guoqing , Li Quanjiang , Wang Jing , Li Caihua , Zhang Lanlan , Meng Zhigang , Zhou Tao , Shi Ji , Ji Wei , Liu Jian , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Rui , Guo Sandui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious studies showed that there were differences among AD1, CMS‐D2 and CMS‐D8 in theatpAgene region of the mitochondrial genome of cotton, but their detailed DNA sequence differences were unclear. RFLP analysis here showed that the mitochondrialatpAgene existed as two copies of different lengths in each line. Inverse polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing results revealed that one copy contained an intactatpAgene, while the other copy contained a 3′‐truncated version. In the 3′ flanking region of the intactatpAgene, an simple sequence repeat (SSR) locus was found, with the sequences in AD1, CMS‐D2, and CMS‐D8 being (TAA)7(TA)6, (TAA)3(TA)2, and (TAA)4(TA)3, respectively. In the 3′ flanking region of the 3′‐truncated copy, a 515‐bp specific chimeric fragment was found in AD1, while a 555‐bp specific chimeric fragment was found in the two CMS lines, and CMS‐D2 possessed three single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites compared with CMS‐D8. Furthermore, AD1‐specific, CMS‐D2‐specific and CMS‐D8‐specific sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers were developed to distinguish the three cytoplasms. This study will be useful for distinguishing genotypes in breeding practices and evolutionary studies of cotton.