bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated scoring of collaterals, blood pressure, and clinical outcome after endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke and large-vessel occlusion
Authors: Guisado-Alonso Daniel , Camps-Renom Pol , Delgado-Mederos Raquel , Granell Esther , Prats-Sánchez Luis , Martínez-Domeño Alejandro , Guasch-Jiménez Marina , Acosta M. Victoria , Ramos-Pachón Anna , Martí-Fàbregas Joan 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionWe aimed to determine whether the degree of collateral circulation is associated with blood pressure at admission in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with endovascular treatment and to determine its prognostic value.MethodsWe evaluated patients with anterior large vessel occlusion treated with endovascular treatment in a single-center prospective registry. We collected clinical and radiological data. Automated and validated software (Brainomix Ltd., Oxford, UK) was used to generate the collateral score (CS) from the baseline single-phase CT angiography: 0, filling of ≤10% of the occluded MCA territory; 1, 11–50%; 2, 51–90%; 3, &gt;90%. When dichotomized, we considered that CS was good (CS = 2–3), or poor (CS = 0–1). We performed bivariate and multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis to predict CS categories in our population. The secondary outcome was to determine the influence of automated CS on functional outcome at 3 months. We defined favorable functional outcomes as mRS 0–2 at 3 months.ResultsWe included 101 patients with a mean age of 72.1 ± 13.1 years and 57 (56.4%) of them were women. We classified patients into 4 groups according to the CS: 7 patients (6.9%) as CS = 0, 15 (14.9%) as CS = 1, 43 (42.6%) as CS = 2 and 36 (35.6%) as CS = 3. Admission systolic blood pressure [aOR per 10 mmHg increase 0.79 (95% CI 0.68–0.92)] and higher baseline NIHSS [aOR 0.90 (95% CI, 0.84–0.96)] were associated with a worse CS. The OR of improving 1 point on the 3-month mRS was 1.63 (95% CI, 1.10–2.44) favoring a better CS (p = 0.016).ConclusionIn acute ischemic stroke patients with anterior large vessel occlusion treated with endovascular treatment, admission systolic blood pressure was inversely associated with the automated scoring of CS on baseline CT angiography. Moreover, a good CS was associated with a favorable outcome.
Relationship between maternal caffeine and coffee intake and pregnancy loss: A grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation-assessed, dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Jafari Alireza , Naghshi Sina , Shahinfar Hossein , Salehi Sayed Omid , Kiany Fateme , Askari Mohammadreza , Surkan Pamela J. , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundNumerous studies report an association between coffee or caffeine consumption and pregnancy loss; however, the nature and strength of this relationship have not been clearly established. Based on recent studies, our meta-analysis aimed to test whether a dose–response relationship between coffee or caffeine consumption and pregnancy loss exists.MethodsWe searched for articles in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus published until May 2022. Two independent reviewers extracted data and rated the quality of the evidence using the GRADE approach. We applied a random-effects, one-stage dose–response meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 34 articles (18 cohort studies and 16 case-control studies) were included in this review. Results showed a significantly higher risk of pregnancy loss for coffee consumption before (Pooled ES: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01–1.43) and during pregnancy (Pooled ES: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04–1.57), and for coffee consumption during pregnancy in case-control studies (Pooled ES: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.19–6.41). Findings from this meta-analysis demonstrated that caffeine intake during pregnancy was associated with a significantly higher risk of pregnancy loss in cohort (Pooled ES: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.23–2.01) and case-control studies (Pooled ES: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.69–3.37, P &lt; 0.001), respectively. A dose–response analysis suggested that an increase of a cup of coffee per day during pregnancy was associated with 3% increased risk of pregnancy loss; 100 mg of caffeine per day during pregnancy was also associated with 14 and 26% increased risk of pregnancy loss in cohort and case-control studies, respectively. A non-linear dose–response association was observed between coffee intake and the risk of pregnancy loss.ConclusionThis study confirms that coffee or caffeine consumption raises the risk of pregnancy loss. Researchers are encouraged to conduct more studies to explore the underlying mechanisms and active compounds in coffee and caffeine.Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42021267731].
Fluorescein-guided surgery for the resection of pilocytic astrocytomas: A multicentric retrospective study
Authors: Falco Jacopo , Höhne Julius , Broggi Morgan , Rubiu Emanuele , Restelli Francesco , Vetrano Ignazio G. , Schiariti Marco , Mazzapicchi Elio , Bonomo Giulio , Ferroli Paolo , Schebesch Karl-Michael , Acerbi Francesco 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivePilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are relatively benign tumors, usually enhancing on post-contrast MRI and often characterized by a mural nodule within a cystic component. Surgical resection represents the mainstay of treatment, and extent of resection (EOR) is associated with improved survival. In this study, we analyzed the effect of sodium fluorescein (SF) on the visualization and resection of these circumscribed astrocytic gliomas.MethodsSurgical databases at two neurosurgical departments (Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy and Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany) were retrospectively reviewed to identify the cohort of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma who had undergone fluorescein-guided tumor resection at any of the centers between March 2016 and February 2022. SF was intravenously injected (5 mg/kg) immediately after the induction of general anesthesia. Tumors were removed using a microsurgical technique with the YELLOW 560 filter (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany).ResultsForty-four patients (25 males and 19 females; 26 pediatric patients, mean age of 9.77 years, range 2 to 17 years; and 18 adult patients, mean age of 34.39 years, range 18 to 58 years) underwent fluorescein-guided surgery. No side effects related to SF occurred. In all tumors, contrast enhancement on preoperative MRI was correlated with intense, heterogeneous yellow fluorescence with bright fluorescent cystic fluid. Fluorescein was considered helpful in distinguishing tumors from viable tissue in all cases except three patients due to faint fluorescein enhancement. Biopsy was intended in two operations, and partial resection was intended in three operations. Gross total resection was achieved in 24 cases out of 39 patients scheduled for tumor removal (61.54%), in five cases a minimal residual volume was highlighted by postoperative MRI despite the intraoperative subjective evaluation of complete tumor removal (12.82%); in the other 10 cases, the resection was subtotal with fluorescent residual spots to avoid neurological worsening (25.64%).ConclusionsThe use of SF is a valuable method for safe fluorescence-guided tumor resection. Our data showed a positive effect of fluorescein-guided surgery on intraoperative visualization during resection of Pas, suggesting a possible role in improving the extent of resection of these lesions.
BI 2536 induces gasdermin E-dependent pyroptosis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Huo Jianting , Shen Yuhong , Zhang Yuchen , Shen Lifei 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe frequent emergence of drug resistance to chemotherapy is a major obstacle for the treatment of ovarian cancer. There is a need for novel drugs to fulfill this challenge. Pyroptosis-inducing drugs can inhibit tumor growth. However, their roles in ovarian cancer have not been demonstrated.MethodsWe tested the effectiveness of a novel drug, BI 2536, which we found in colorectal cancer. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and drug-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis were tested. In vivo treatments were performed using a cell-derived xenograft model.ResultsBI 2536 significantly inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phases. After BI 2536 treatment, DNA fragmentation and PS exposure on the outside of apoptotic cells were detected. Moreover, the pyroptotic phenotype of ovarian cancer cells along with the release of LDH and HMGB1 were observed, indicating the leakage of cells. Western blot analysis verified that BI 2536 induced GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Pyroptosis was abolished after additional treatment with Z-DEVD-FMK, a caspase-3 inhibitor. Thus, BI 2536 induced pyroptosis in ovarian cancer through the caspase-3/GSDME pathway. In vivo experiments further demonstrated the antitumoral effect and ability of BI 2536 to accumulate CD8+ T cells in ovarian cancer.ConclusionIn this study, we identified BI 2536 as an effective anti-ovarian cancer drug that inhibits proliferation, arrests the cell cycle, induces apoptosis and pyroptosis, and leads to the accumulation of CD8+ T cells in tumor sites. Drug-induced pyroptosis may have promising prospects for reducing side effects and activating immune responses.
Raman and fluorescence micro-spectroscopy applied for the monitoring of sunitinib-loaded porous silicon nanocontainers in cardiac cells
Authors: Tolstik E. , Gongalsky M. B. , Dierks J. , Brand T. , Pernecker M. , Pervushin N. V. , Maksutova D. E. , Gonchar K. A. , Samsonova J. V. , Kopeina G. , Sivakov V. , Osminkina L. A. , Lorenz K. 
Published: August 2022

Nanomaterials are a central pillar in modern medicine. They are thought to optimize drug delivery, enhance therapeutic efficacy, and reduce side-effects. To foster this technology, analytical methods are needed to validate not only the localization and distribution of these nanomaterials, but also their compatibility with cells, drugs, and drug release. In the present work, we assessed nanoparticles based on porous silicon (pSiNPs) loaded with the clinically used tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib for their effectiveness of drug delivery, release, and toxicity in colon cancer cells (HCT 116 cells) and cardiac myoblast cells (H9c2) using Raman micro-spectroscopy, high-resolution fluorescence microscopy, along with biological methods for toxicological effects. We produced pSiNPs with a size of about 100 nm by grinding mesoporous silicon layers. pSiNPs allowed an effective loading of sunitinib due to their high porosity. Photoluminescence properties of the nanoparticles within the visible spectrum allowed the visualization of their uptake in cardiac cells. Raman micro-spectroscopy allowed not only the detection of the uptake and distribution of pSiNPs within the cells via a characteristic silicon Raman band at about 518–520 cm−1, but also the localization of the drug based on its characteristic molecular fingerprints. Cytotoxicity studies by Western blot analyses of apoptotic marker proteins such as caspase-3, and the detection of apoptosis by subG1-positive cell fractions in HCT 116 and MTT analyses in H9c2 cells, suggest a sustained release of sunitinib from pSiNPs and delayed cytotoxicity of sunitinib in HCT 116 cells. The analyses in cardiac cells revealed that pSiNPs are well tolerated and that they may even protect from toxic effects in these cells to some extent. Analyses of the integrity of mitochondrial networks as an early indicator for apoptotic cellular effects seem to validate these observations. Our study suggests pSiNPs-based nanocontainers for efficient and safe drug delivery and Raman micro-spectroscopy as a reliable method for their detection and monitoring. Thus, the herein presented nanocontainers and analytical methods have the potential to allow an efficient advancement of nanoparticles for targeted and sustained intracellular drug release that is of need, e.g., in chronic diseases and for the prevention of cardiac toxicity.
Avoidance of nocebo effects by coincident naming of treatment benefits during the medical interview for informed consent—Evidence from dynamometry
Authors: Zech Nina , Schrödinger Matthias , Hansen Ernil 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionIn the context of giving risk information for obtaining informed consent, it is not easy to comply with the ethical principle of “primum nihil nocere.” Carelessness, ignorance of nocebo effects and a misunderstood striving for legal certainty can lead doctors to comprehensive and brutal risk information. It is known that talking about risks and side effects can even trigger those and result in distress and nonadherence to medication or therapy.MethodsRecently, we have reported on significant clinically relevant effects of verbal and non-verbal suggestions on maximal muscular arm strength in healthy volunteers and in patients at two time points before surgery. Maximal strength during arm abduction was measured by dynamometry of the deltoid muscle group. Suggestions from clinical everyday life were formulated as presumed negative and neutral versions.ResultsHere, we report on the effects of two versions of risk information in 45 patients. After sole mentioning risks of a puncture for the placement of a pain catheter, the maximal arm muscle strength was significantly reduced to 83% of baseline several days (T1), and to 84% the evening before surgery (T2). Strength was not significantly decreased and close to baseline at T1 and T2 when risks and benefits of a pain catheter were combined in one sentence. The difference between both versions was significant. With persistent normal distribution of values, the effect was due to uniform reactions of many patients, not to strong reactions of a few. High suggestibility and increase of anxiety with approaching surgery were identified as influencing factors for the neutralizing effect of modified wording.ConclusionWe not only suggest an alternative formulation for risk information to avoid nocebo effects but present an objective method to quantify and compare effects of different wordings. Thereby, we provide evidence that concurrently given positive aspects can neutralize negative effects during medical interview.
Positive rumination can (also) interfere with sleep: A study in a non-clinical sample
Authors: Hairston Ilana S. , Portal Lilach , Carmon Tal 
Published: August 2022

It is postulated that negative ruminations perpetuate insomnia symptoms by increasing arousal. Less is known about the role of positive rumination. In this study, we set out to test the association between positive and negative ruminations and insomnia symptoms in a non-clinical sample, asking whether reappraisal and suppression moderate the relationship between rumination types and symptoms of insomnia.MethodsA convenience sample of 354 participants (59% women), ages 18–50, responded to online questionnaires regarding symptoms of insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index [ISI]), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire that provides separate scales for Reappraisal and Suppression, Negative Rumination (Ruminative Response Scale), Positive Rumination and Dampening (Responses to Positive Affect questionnaire), and general health and demographics.ResultsAbout 30% of respondents had moderate to severe symptoms of insomnia according to the ISI. The primary hypothesis was tested using three moderation models, where rumination type, emotion regulation styles, and interaction terms were predictors, and ISI scores were the outcome variable. Negative rumination positively predicted ISI (β = 0.56, p &lt; 0.001), while the interaction terms with Reappraisal (β = 0.02, p = 0.575) and Suppression (β = 0.07, p = 0.092) were not significant. Dampening also positively predicted ISI (β = 0.56, p &lt; 0.001), with the interaction term with Reappraisal nearly significant (β = −0.09, p = 0.060), but not with Suppression (β = 0.08, p =0.098). Positive rumination negatively predicted ISI (β = −0.12, p = 0.021), this relationship was reversed with emotion regulation factors in the model (β = 0.11, p = 0.094), where the interaction with Reappraisal (β = 0.13, p = 0.020) and Suppression (β = −0.13, p = 0.024) were both significant.DiscussionPositive Rumination weakly and negatively correlated with ISI, but the combination with Reappraisal was associated with more insomnia symptoms. By contrast, Dampening was associated with more insomnia symptoms, with minimal to no moderating effects. These observations are interpreted in the context of the role of emotion regulation strategies and sleep, and their potential clinical implications.
Association Between Wait Time of Central Venous Pressure Measurement and Outcomes in Critical Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Qilin , Chen Weixiao , Wen Yichao , Zheng Jiezhao , Chen Jieru , Yu Shuilian , Chen Xiaohua , Chen Weiyan , Xiong Xuming , Wen Deliang , Zhang Zhenhui 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundHemodynamic management is of paramount importance in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Central venous pressure (CVP) has been used to assess volume status. We intended to identify the optimal time window in which to obtain CVP to avoid the incidence of adverse outcomes in patients with AKI.MethodsThe study was based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV database. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included the number of ICU-free days and norepinephrine-free days at 28 days after ICU admission, and total fluid input and fluid balance during the first and second day. A time–dose–response relationship between wait time of CVP measurement and in-hospital mortality was implemented to find an inflection point for grouping, followed by propensity-score matching (PSM), which was used to compare the outcomes between the two groups.ResultsTwenty Nine Thousand and Three Hundred Thirty Six patients with AKI were enrolled, and the risk of in-hospital mortality increased when the CVP acquisition time was &gt;9 h in the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Compared with 8,071 patients (27.5%) who underwent CVP measurement within 9 h and were assigned to the early group, 21,265 patients (72.5%) who delayed or did not monitor CVP had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. After adjusting for potential confounders by PSM and adjusting for propensity score, pairwise algorithmic, overlap weight, and doubly robust analysis, the results were still stable. The HRs were 0.58–0.72, all p &lt; 0.001. E-value analysis suggested robustness to unmeasured confounding.ConclusionsAmong adults with AKI in ICU, increased CVP wait time was associated with a greater risk of in-hospital mortality. In addition, early CVP monitoring perhaps contributed to shortening the length of ICU stays and days of norepinephrine use, as well as better fluid management.
Case Report: Midshaft clavicle fracture with concomitant high grade (Type V) acromioclavicular joint dislocation
Authors: Cosic Filip , Ernstbrunner Lukas , Hoy Greg A. , Ooi Keat S. , Ek Eugene T. 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionConcomitant acromioclavicular joint dislocation and midshaft clavicle fracture are rare injuries, generally resulting from high energy trauma, with limited previous experience in management.CaseA 30 year old male presented following a pushbike accident. He had suffered a head on collision with another cyclist. Radiographic examination demonstrated a displaced midshaft clavicle fracture with a Rockwood Type V acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Operative management was undertaken using a dual plating technique. At six month follow up the patient demonstrated full range of motion and had no pain.ConclusionAppropriate radiographic evaluation and careful intraoperative assessment are required using the principles of management for acromioclavicular joint injuries, along with stabilization of the mid-clavicular fracture to reduce the risk of non-union.
The accuracy and feasibility of respiratory rate measurements in acutely ill adult patients by GPs: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Loots Feike J , Dekker Irma , Wang Ruo Chen , van Zanten Arthur RH , Hopstaken Rogier M , Verheij Theo JM , Giesen Paul , Smits Marleen 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTachypnoea in acutely ill patients can be an early sign of a life-threatening condition such as sepsis. Routine measurement of the respiratory rate by GPs might improve the recognition of sepsis.AimTo assess the accuracy and feasibility of respiratory rate measurements by GPs.Design & settingObservational cross-sectional mixed-methods study in the setting of out-of-hours (OOH) home visits at three GP cooperatives in The Netherlands.MethodGPs were observed during the assessment of acutely ill patients, and semi-structured interviews were performed. The GP-assessed respiratory rate was compared with a reference measurement. In the event that the respiratory rate was not counted, GPs were asked to estimate the rate (dichotomised as ≥22 breaths per minute or <22 breaths per minute).ResultsObservations of 130 acutely ill patients were included, and 14 GPs were interviewed. In 33 patients (25%), the GP counted the respiratory rate. A mean difference of 0.27 breaths per minute (95% confidence interval [CI] = -5.7 to 6.3) with the reference measurement was found. At a cut-off point of ≥22 breaths per minute, a sensitivity of 86% (95% CI = 57% to 98%) was found when the GP counted the rate, and a sensitivity of 43% (95% CI = 22% to 66%) when GPs estimated respiratory rates. GPs reported both medical and practical reasons for not routinely measuring the respiratory rate.ConclusionGPs are aware of the importance of assessing the respiratory rate of acutely ill adult patients, and counted measurements are accurate. However, in most patients the respiratory rate was not counted, and the rate was often underestimated when estimated.
A era dos algoritmos e as implicações em novas rotas educacionais
Authors: Castro Michele Marta Moraes 
Published: August 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado e tem como objetivo apresentar os aplicativos utilizados na educação, durante a pandemia COVID-19, articulando essas práticas à era dos algoritmos. A investigação buscou compreender as ações que impactam diretamente as escolas públicas municipais, de educação básica, na oferta do ensino mediado pelas TIC, fundamentada no arcabouço dos seguintes teóricos: Alonso, Morozov, Srnicek e Zuboff. Como metodologia, adotamos a natureza exploratória e abordagem qualitativa, através de revisão bibliográfica, observação participante, questionários e entrevistas. Duas escolas municipais, de educação básica, situadas na cidade de Cuiabá-MT consistiram no lócus da pesquisa. Os resultados indicaram diversos usos de aplicativos corporativos, de propriedade privada, muitos do grupo GAFAM (Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple e Microsoft), que extraem os dados da comunidade escolar, para fins comerciais, e que estes usos se deram sem muitos entendimentos sobre a era dos algoritmos, por causa da urgência em que o momento exigia, e porque foram adotados como uma maneira para a educação não parar. Este debate estimula a busca por novas rotas para que a educação não seja tratada como uma mercadoria.