Morfologi dan Klasifikasi Tanah Kebun Sere Wangi di Gayo Lues (Morphology and Soil Classification of Lemongrass Gardens in Gayo Lues)
Authors: Nasution Rizkon Zadidah , Manfarizah Manfarizah , Zainabun Zainabun 
Published: February 2022

Tanaman sere wangi merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan Kabupaten Gayo Lues yang saat ini terus menerus dikembangkan. Seiring peningkatan permintaan pasar para petani mulai tidak menanam tanpa memperhatikan kesesuaian lahannya, salah satu parameternya adalah jenis tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat-sifat morfologi dan klasifikasi tanah menurut Sistem Taksonomi Tanah di kebun sere wangi Kabupaten Gayo Lues sampai kategori subgrup. Metode yang digunakan yaitu survai deskriptif kuantitatif. Parameter yang diukur di lapangan berupa sifat morfologi diantaranya: warna dan kedalaman tanah. Di laboratorium berupa sifat fisika tanah adalah tekstur tanah; sifat kimia tanah yaitu C-organik dan kejenuhan basa serta kapasitas tukar kation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pedon I klasifikasi tanah Podsolik Coklat menjadi Ultisol adalah: (a) epipedon okrik karena memiliki warna terang value lembab 3, C-organik memenuhi molik kecuali ketebalannya C-organik ≥ 0,6% (5,67%), kejenuhan basa ≤ 50% (10,48%)dan value serta chroma ≥ 3 (value 4 dan chroma 3); (b) horison penciri bawah yang dijumpai adalah argilik karena mengandung liat 15 - 40%, maka horison argilik 1,2 kali lebih banyak dari horison eluviasi; (c) subordo Humults , great group Haplohumults, subgroup Typic Haplohumults. Pedon II klasifikasi tanah Latosol menjadi Inceptisol adalah: (a) epipedon okrik karena memiliki warna terang value lembab 3, C-organik memenuhi molik kecuali ketebalannya C-organik ≥ 0,6% (5,28%), kejenuhan basa ≤ 50% (22,64%) dan value serta chroma ≥ 3 (value 5 dan chroma 4); (b) horison penciri bawah yang dijumpai adalah kambik karena bertekstur pasir sangat halus/lebih halus warna lebih merah horison atas/bawahnya; (c) subordo Aquepts, great group Endoaquepts, subgroup Typic Endoaquepts. Lemongrass plant is one of the leading commodities of Gayo Lues Regency which is currently being continuously developed. As market demand increases, farmers begin not to plant without paying attention to the suitability of the land, one of the parameters is soil type. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics and soil classification according to the Soil Taxonomy System in the Lemongrass Gardens, Gayo Lues Regency to the subgroup category. The method used is a quantitative descriptive survey. Parameters measured in the field are morphological characteristics including: color and soil depth. In the laboratory, the physical properties of soil are soil texture; Soil chemical properties are organic C and base saturation and cation exchange capacity. The results showed that pedon I of Podsolic Brown soil classification into Ultisols were: (a) ochric epipedon because it has a light color moist value 3, C-organic meets mollic except the thickness of C-organic 0.6% (5.67%), base saturation 50% (10.48%) and value and chroma 3 (value 4 and chroma 3); (b) the lower characteristic horizon found is argillic because it contains 15 - 40% clay, so the argillic horizon is 1.2 times more than the eluvial horizon; (c) suborder Humults , great group Haplohumults, subgroup Typic Haplohumults. Pedon II soil classification of Latosols into Inceptisols are: (a) ochric epipedon because it has a light color moisture value 3, C-organic meets mollic except the thickness of C-organic 0.6% (5.28%), base saturation 50% (22.64%) and value and chroma 3 (value 5 and chroma 4); (b) the lower characteristic horizon found is kambik because the texture of the sand is very fine/fine, the color is redder, the upper/lower horizon; (c) suborder Aquepts, great group Endoaquepts, subgroup Typic Endoaquepts.