bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An imConvNet-based deep learning model for Chinese medical named entity recognition
Authors: Zheng Yuchen , Han Zhenggong , Cai Yimin , Duan Xubo , Sun Jiangling , Yang Wei , Huang Haisong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
With the development of current medical technology, information management becomes perfect in the medical field. Medical big data analysis is based on a large amount of medical and health data stored in the electronic medical system, such as electronic medical records and medical reports. How to fully exploit the resources of information included in these medical data has always been the subject of research by many scholars. The basis for text mining is named entity recognition (NER), which has its particularities in the medical field, where issues such as inadequate text resources and a large number of professional domain terms continue to face significant challenges in medical NER.

Methods
We improved the convolutional neural network model (imConvNet) to obtain additional text features. Concurrently, we continue to use the classical Bert pre-training model and BiLSTM model for named entity recognition. We use imConvNet model to extract additional word vector features and improve named entity recognition accuracy. The proposed model, named BERT-imConvNet-BiLSTM-CRF, is composed of four layers: BERT embedding layer—getting word embedding vector; imConvNet layer—capturing the context feature of each character; BiLSTM (Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory) layer—capturing the long-distance dependencies; CRF (Conditional Random Field) layer—labeling characters based on their features and transfer rules.

Results
The average F1 score on the public medical data set yidu-s4k reached 91.38% when combined with the classical model; when real electronic medical record text in impacted wisdom teeth is used as the experimental object, the model's F1 score is 93.89%. They all show better results than classical models.

Conclusions
The suggested novel model (imConvNet) significantly improves the recognition accuracy of Chinese medical named entities and applies to various medical corpora.
Diagnostic delay of myositis: an integrated systematic review
Authors: Namsrai Tergel , Parkinson Anne , Chalmers Anita , Lowe Christine , Cook Matthew , Phillips Christine , Desborough Jane 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogenous group of rare muscular autoimmune diseases characterised by skeletal muscle inflammation with possible diagnostic delay. Our aim was to review the existing evidence to identify overall diagnostic delay for IIM, factors associated with diagnostic delay, and people’s experiences of diagnostic delay.

Methods
Three databases and grey literature sources were searched. Diagnostic delay was defined as the period between the onset of symptoms and the year of first diagnosis of IIM. We pooled the mean delay using random effects inverse variance meta-analysis and performed subgroup analyses.

Results
328 titles were identified from which 27 studies were included. Overall mean diagnostic delay was 27.91 months (95% CI 15.03–40.79, I2 = 99%). Subgroup analyses revealed a difference in diagnostic delay between non-inclusion body myositis (IBM) and IBM types. There was no difference in diagnostic delay between studies in which myositis specific autoantibodies (MSA) were tested or not tested. In countries with gatekeeper health systems, where primary care clinicians authorize access to specialty care, people experienced longer periods of diagnostic delay than people with IIM in countries with non-gatekeeper systems. While studies discussed factors that may influence diagnostic delay, significant associations were not identified. No qualitative studies examining people’s experiences of diagnostic delay were identified.

Conclusion
Diagnostic delay of IIM has extensive impacts on the quality of life of people living with this disease. Understanding the experiences of people with IIM, from symptom onset to diagnosis, and factors that influence diagnostic delay is critical to inform clinical practice and training activities aimed at increasing awareness of this rare disease and expediting diagnosis.
Trial registration: PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022307236 URL of the PROSPERO registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/307236_PROTOCOL_20220127.pdf
Heritability estimates of distichiasis in Staffordshire bull terriers using pedigrees and genome-wide SNP data
Authors: Joergensen Dina , Madsen Per , Ropstad Ernst-Otto , Lingaas Frode 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Distichiasis is the most frequently recorded eye disorder in the Norwegian Staffordshire bull terrier (SBT). The condition is often mild but can, in severe cases, lead to pain and blindness. The current study's main purpose was to estimate the heritability based on pedigree information as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to evaluate whether it is realistic to reduce the frequency by systematic breeding. The majority of the dogs had only one examination as a young puppy. To evaluate whether this early screening gave a reliable representation of the disease burden in the population, we compared the diagnosis in puppies and adult dogs.

Results
Our material consisted of data from 4177 dogs with an overall prevalence of distichiasis of 8.38% (CI 7.56–9.26). The prevalence in puppies examined around eight weeks of age was significantly lower than in dogs examined after 52 weeks (2.87%, CI 2.29–3.54 versus 18.72%, CI 16.71–20.87). The heritability was estimated in dogs examined after 52 weeks. We used both pedigree (1391 dogs) and genotype (498 dogs) information for the estimates. The pedigree-based heritability was ~ 0.22 (on the underlying scale ~ 0.48), while the genomic-based heritability (on the underlying scale) was ~ 0.47, and ~ 0.37 when excluding close relatives with equal affection status.

Conclusions
Screening for distichiasis in puppies before eight weeks of age is not sufficient to give an accurate estimate of the prevalence, and an additional examination after one year is recommended. The heritability of distichiasis is medium to high, showing that it should be possible to reduce the prevalence by selective breeding.
Preparation of triangular silver nanoparticles and their biological effects in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Authors: Yin Man , Xu Xiangyu , Han Hui , Dai Jiahui , Sun Ronghe , Yang Linqing , Xie Junyu , Wang Yunfei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gradually been widely used, especially in the field of anticancer medicine. Ovarian cancer (OC) is the gynaecological malignancy with the highest mortality rate, and the current treatment is still based on surgery, chemotherapy and postoperative targeted therapy. Therefore, the development of safe and effective nanoparticles for targeted therapy of OC is very important. This study aimed to prepare a new type of triangular silver nanoparticles (tAgNPs) and evaluate the anticancer properties for OC in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
The tAgNPs were chemically synthesized and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometry and other techniques. By performing cell-based tests, such as cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), plate colony formation, cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and western blot (WB) assays, the inhibitory effects and related mechanisms of tAgNPs on OC cells were analysed.The anticancer effect of tAgNPs in vivo was verified by a SKOV3 tumor-bearing mouse model.

Results
Five types of tAgNPs with different colours were successfully synthesized, with a particle size of 25–50 nm and a good dispersion. The results of in vitro experiments showed that tAgNPs treatment reduced the viability and proliferation of SKOV3 cells, arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, inhibited the expression levels of proliferation-related factors and cyclins, and promoted cell apoptosis by producing ROS and increasing caspase-3 activity. Consistent with the results of in vitro experiments, in vivo animal experiments also showed that tAgNPs significantly inhibited the proliferation of ovarian cancer. More importantly, no obvious toxic and side effects were observed.

Conclusions
In this study, a novel triangular AgNPs was successfully prepared. tAgNPs are very stable, significantly inhibit the proliferation of OC cells and tumour growth in tumour-bearing mice, providing a promising nanotargeted therapy for OC.
Effectiveness of protocolized management for patients sustaining maxillofacial fracture with massive oronasal bleeding: a single-center experience
Authors: Wu Fang-Chi , Hung Kuo-Shu , Lin Yu-Wen , Sung Kang , Yang Tsung-Han , Wu Chun-Hsien , Wang Chih-Jung , Yen Yi-Ting 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Maxillofacial fractures can lead to massive oronasal bleeding; however, surgical hemostasis and packing procedures can be challenging owing to complex facial anatomy. Only a few studies investigated maxillofacial fractures with massive oronasal hemorrhage. However, thus far, no studies have reported a protocolized management approach for maxillofacial trauma from a single center. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of protocolized management for maxillofacial fractures with oronasal bleeding.

Methods
Patients were identified from the National Cheng University Hospital trauma registry from 2010 to 2020. We included patients with a face Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score of > 3 and active oronasal bleeding. Patients’ characteristics were compared between the angiography and non-angiography groups and between survivors and nonsurvivors.

Results
Forty-nine patients were included. Among them, 34 (69%) underwent angiography, of whom 21 received arterial embolization. Forty-seven patients (96%) successfully achieved hemostasis by adhering to the treatment protocol at our institution. Compared with the non-angiography group, the angiography group had significantly more patients requiring oral intubation (97% vs. 53%, P < 0.001), Glasgow Coma Scale < 9 (GCS; 79% vs. 27%, P < 0.001), head AIS > 3 (65% vs. 13%, P = 0.001), higher Injury Severity Score (ISS; 43 [33–50] vs. 22 [18–27], P < 0.001), higher incidence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR; 41% vs. 0%, P = 0.002), higher mortality rate (35% vs. 7%, P = 0.043), and more units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) transfused within 24 h (12 [6–20] vs. 2 [0–4], P < 0.001). The nonsurvivor group had significantly more patients with hypotension (62% vs. 8%; P < 0.001), higher need for CPR (85% vs. 8%; P < 0.001), head AIS > 3 (92% vs. 33%; P < 0.001), skull base fracture (100% vs. 64%; P = 0.011), GCS score < 9 (100% vs. 50%; P = 0.003), higher ISS (50 [43–57] vs. 29 [19–48]; P < 0.001), and more units of PRBC transfused within 24 h (18 [13–22] vs. 6 [2–12]; P = 0.001) than the survivor group. More patients underwent angiography in the nonsurvivor group than in the survivor group (92% vs. 61%; P = 0.043). Among embolized vessels, the internal maxillary artery (65%) was the most common bleeding site. Hypoxic encephalopathy accounted for 92% of deaths.

Conclusions
Protocol-guided management effectively optimizes outcomes in patients with maxillofacial bleeding.
A novel NF1 mutation in a pediatric patient with renal artery aneurysm
Authors: Chillura Ilenia , Restivo Giulia Angela , Callari Simonetta , Cibella Sabrina , D’Alessandro Maria Michela , Corrado Ciro , Vallone Mario , Antona Vincenzo , Corsello Giovanni 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous syndrome, due to heterozygous pathogenic variants in NF1 gene. The main clinical manifestations are multiple café au lait spots, axillary and inguinal freckling, cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas, optic glioma, Lisch nodules and osseous lesions, such as sphenoid and tibial dysplasia. Vasculopathy is another feature of NF1; it consists of stenosis, aneurysms, and arteriovenous malformations, frequently involving renal arteries.

Case presentation
We report on a 9-year-old girl with a novel mutation in NF1 gene and renal artery aneurysm, treated by coil embolization and complicated with hypertension.

Conclusion
Vasculopathy is a complication of NF1, affecting from 0.4 to 6.4% of patients with NF1. Among the vascular abnormalities, renal artery aneurysm is a rare manifestation, with only a few cases regarding adult patients and no pediatric reports described in current literature. The finding of a vascular abnormality in a specific site requires the evaluation of the entire vascular system because multiple vessels could be involved at the same time.
The Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database: background, design, main results and complete MySQL code
Authors: Møller Pål 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA brief description of why and for which purposes the Prospective Lynch Syndrome Database was established, the principles and design, and the main classes of results are given. Data input is assumption-free input enabling validation of paradigms used to explain the results. The design is considering cancer/age as discrete events to occur or not in a time dimension in a closed room compliant with population genetic paradigms and last centuries developing paradigms of interpreting discrete events reflecting conditional and/or co-occurring stochastic probabilities. Which may be in contrast to the paradigm that any observed event has a cause. The results may indicate that some current paradigms on carcinogenesis should be reconsidered. The complete analytic code in MySQL© syntax together with a flowchart illustrating how the different pieces of codes interrelate are included as supplementary files, enabling third parties to use or modify the code to examine prospectively observed events in their own activities when referring to this report as the source.
Surface treatment of red painted and slipped wares in the middle Yangtze River valley of Late Neolithic China: multi-analytical case analysis
Authors: Li Tao , Li Guoyuan , Li Zongyang , Wu Tengfei , Tian Hui , Shan Siwei , Wang Lihua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Red slipped and painted wares (RSW and RPW) were manufactured to cook, serve, or store foods and liquids in the middle Yangtze River valley (MYRV) of China some 8500 and 7800 years ago, respectively. Their primary use narrowed down to serving and drinking in the Upper Qujialing (5300–4500 cal BP) and Shijiahe (4500–4200 cal BP) periods when initial states (bang guo) took shape and developed in the region. The increasing social complexity in MYRV correlated with the formation of community and neighborhood identity through rituals and socio-economic ties involving the widespread use of RSW and RPW. How the two wares were produced and used helps us understand the relationships among productive activities, identity, and social inequality in MYRV. This paper presents the first overview of RSW and RPW in the Neolithic MRYV. It introduces a multi-analytical study of the two wares—mostly dating to the Shijiahe period—unearthed from the site of Fenghuangzui in Xianyang City of Hubei Province, China. Optical microscopic examination revealed that the paint of RPW—50 μm thick on average—was applied using a brush while the slip of RSW is thinner and finer and possibly formed by self-slipping. Handheld X-ray fluorescence (hhXRF) and benchtop micro-XRF analyses ascribed the red paint or slip to iron and iron oxide. Raman and X-ray absorption fine structure analyses confirmed that iron was present in the paint or slip in the form of hematite with a poorly developed crystalline structure. Furthermore, thin-section petrography implied that different pastes were used to produce RPW and RSW, and hhXRF data indicated that the Upper Qujialing and Shijiahe pottery differ in the concentrations of five elements (Zr, Fe, Mn, Ti, and Ba), which might be helpful in future provenance studies of RSW and RPW. Our study discloses the complexity of the manufacture of RSW and RPW at Fenghuangzui. More details of RSW and RPW production and use from our ongoing project shall reveal the role of the two wares in the social dynamics of the Late Neolithic MYRV.

Graphic Abstract
A species-transport model for circulation in a leading-edge vortex
Authors: Giner-Morency Clara , Wong Jaime G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, we propose a model to predict circulation growth along the span of a rotating wing, in which circulation transport is represented as species transport. Fluid particles entering the vortex shear layer at the leading edge are initialized as vorticity-containing mass and are advected by the flow along the span. A circulation budget is presented, consisting of a generation and transport term, the latter derived from the vorticity transport equation, which leaves only two unknowns for the modeller to determine: the shear-layer thickness and the spanwise flow distribution. We find that the model is insensitive to the value chosen for the shear-layer thickness, as varying the thickness by an order of magnitude only changes the output by a few percent. Meanwhile, we use Bernoulli equation in a rotating coordinates system as a basic model for spanwise flow. To verify the accuracy of the model, the predicted circulation values are compared against experimental circulation values and show good agreement to measurements close to the axis of rotation, which corresponds to the spanwise locations at which the spanwise flow model best matches experimental data. It is suggested, therefore, that this model produces accurate results subject to an appropriate spanwise flow model.
The youngest are hit hardest: The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospitalization rate for children, adolescents, and young adults with anorexia nervosa in a large German representative sample
Authors: Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate , Dempfle Astrid , Eckardt Stefan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted the mental health of children and adolescents. Young people at risk for anorexia nervosa (AN) have been especially shown to be affected. There are no studies that have investigated the respective proportions of hospitalized children, adolescents, and young adults separately as well as of both sexes during the COVID-19 crisis.

Methods
This study is based on the administrative data of the largest German statutory health insurance. All children (0–14 years) and adolescents (15–19 years) with a discharge diagnosis of typical and atypical AN according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 were included. Admission rates per 10,000 person-years were calculated separately by sex and age group, based on admission numbers from the 9-month interval from January to September of 2019, 2020, and 2021 and the number of insured persons per sex and age group of each year.

Results
The entire sample comprised approximately 4.7 million children and adolescents. There was a highly significant increase of 40% (relative risk (RR): 1.4; [1.27, 1.55]; p < 0.0001) in admission rates in the female children’s and the adolescents’ group (RR:1.32; [1.24, 1.41]; p< 0.0001) between the pre-COVID-19 and peri-COVID-19 periods in 2019 and 2021, respectively. Among males, hospitalization rates significantly increased in the children (RR: 1.69; [1.09, 2.62]; p < 0.02).

Conclusions
Young people appear to be especially prone to develop AN during a crisis, such as with social isolation and school closures. Home-based or mobile pediatric services should be established to prevent this often chronic and disabling disorder in young patients.
Gene-Level Associations in Patients With and Without Pathogenic Germline Variants in CDKN2A and Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Astiazaran-Symonds Esteban , Graham Cole , Kim Jung , Tucker Margaret A. , Ingvar Christian , Helgadottir Hildur , Pastorino Lorenza , van Doorn Remco , Sampson Joshua N. , Zhu Bin , Bruno William , Queirolo Paola , Fornarini Giuseppe , Sciallero Stefania , Carter Brian , Hicks Belynda , Hutchinson Amy , Jones Kristine , Stewart Douglas R. , Chanock Stephen J. , Freedman Neal D. , Landi Maria Teresa , Höiom Veronica , Puig Susana , Gruis Nelleke , Yang Xiaohong R. , Ghiorzo Paola , Goldstein Alisa M. 
Published: November 2022

PURPOSE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a component of familial melanoma due to germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in CDKN2A. However, it is unclear what role this gene or other genes play in its etiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 189 cancer predisposition genes using parametric rare-variant association (RVA) tests and nonparametric permutation tests to identify gene-level associations in PDAC for patients with ( CDKN2A +) and without ( CDKN2A–) GPV. Exome sequencing was performed on 84 patients with PDAC, 47 CDKN2A+ and 37 CDKN2A–. After variant filtering, various RVA tests and permutation tests were run separately by CDKN2A status. Genes with the strongest nominal associations were evaluated in patients with PDAC from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the UK Biobank (UKB). A secondary analysis including only GPV from UKB was also performed. RESULTS In RVA tests, ERCC4 and RET showed the most compelling evidence as plausible PDAC candidate genes for CDKN2A+ patients. In contrast, the findings in CDKN2A– patients provided evidence for HMBS, EPCAM, and MRE11 as potential new candidate genes and confirmed ATM, BRCA2, and PALB2 as PDAC genes, consistent with findings in The Cancer Genome Atlas and the UKB. As expected, CDKN2A– patients were more likely to harbor GPVs from the 189 genes investigated. When including only GPVs from UKB, significant associations with PDAC were seen for ATM, BRCA2, and CDKN2A. CONCLUSION These results suggest that variants in other genes likely play a role in PDAC in all patients and that PDAC in CDKN2A+ patients has a distinct etiology from PDAC in CDKN2A– patients.
Queer Ecology in Loïe Fuller’s Modernist Dance and Magnus Hirschfeld’sDie Transvestiten
Authors: Linge Ina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDance orients the performer’s body toward both environment and pleasure, yet the intersection of environmental and sexual attunement in dance practice remains an underexplored area of research. This article considers how environmental and sexual readings of dance practice can be brought together by proposing a queer ecological approach to modernist dance. Drawing on research in dance studies, feminist and queer science studies, and sexology studies, the article examines the work of Loïe Fuller, an early pioneer of modernist dance, to show how Fuller’s work engages with themes of both sex and nature and consequently introduces environmentally attuned thinking to early twentieth century sexual knowledge production. By examining the parallels and divergences between Magnus Hirschfeld’s early twentieth-century sexological writing about “transvestitism” and Loïe Fuller’s modernist dance, via the copycat dancer Henry Cyril Paget, this article shows that both dance and sexology rethought the relationship between sex and nature by grappling, to different extents, with a queer vision of nature, where nature loses its explanatory force and moral authority. This reveals the importance of nature and the nonhuman in the production of modern concepts of sex, gender, and sexuality and the important role that dance can play in illuminating the intersection of sex and nature.