bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posttransplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM) Following Solid Organ
Transplantation - Systematic Analysis of Prevalence and Total Mortality
and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Interventional Studies Aimed at Lowering
Blood Glucose
Authors: Almdal Kerstin , Hornum Mads , Almdal Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Objective:
A systematic review of the prevalence and prognosis of posttransplant diabetes
mellitus (PTDM) following the transplantation of heart, lung, liver and kidney and a metaanalysis
of randomised studies of glucose-lowering treatment is reported.

Methods:
We searched for publications on solid organ transplants and PTDM in relation to the risk
and total mortality of PTDM and randomized controlled trials aiming at reducing glucose levels.

Results:
PTDM prevalence one year after transplantation was reported to be 9-40%. Ten years after
transplantation, 60-85% of people without PTDM and 30-76% of people with PTDM were
alive. Following kidney transplantation, we identified six randomized controlled trials on the
treatment of PTDM. Intervention ranged from 3 to 12 months. Four studies used intervention with
oral glucose-lowering drugs, one used dietician appointments and exercise, and one used insulin
treatment. Among the intermediate results reported, a reduction in HbA1c of 2.7 mmol/mol, and an
increase in the odds ratio of serious adverse events of 3.0 was significant.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, information on the prevalence and effect on survival of PTDM is heterogeneous,
and the randomized studies on the effect of treatment available are short and lack information
on clinically important endpoints, such as mortality or morbidity.
Recent Patent for Walking Device of Corn Harvester
Authors: Bao Yudong , Zhang Jianlong , Zhao Yafei 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Corn harvesting is an important part of the entire corn production process.
Corn harvester power, turning radius and dehulling device will directly affect harvest efficiency and
the quality of harvested corn. Obtaining better performance peeling device with strong power and
minimum turning radius is the research direction in this field.

Objective:
This paper summarizes the patents of the walking system of corn harvesters at home and
abroad in recent years, and introduces the characteristics and development of knapsack harvesters,
trailed harvesters and self-propelled harvesters, such as power, turning radius and artificial intelligence.
summarize its development trend, and provide reference for the development of various aspects
of crop harvester.

Methods:
This paper reviewed the research status of the corn harvester walking system in recent
years, and discussed the structure types and applications of various harvester walking systems.

Results:
By summarizing the patents of the walking system of the corn harvester, this paper obtains
the current patent application status, analyzes the main problems in its development, and discusses
the problems existing in the walking system of the harvester and the future research direction.

Conclusion:
The running device of the existing harvester needs to be further improved in terms of
reliability, power system, turning radius, etc. The patent of the walking device of the harvester is yet
to be developed. With the application of GPS, sensing and detection, information processing, automatic
control and other technologies in the field of harvesting, the mechanized corn harvesting is
gradually developing towards intelligence and automation.
Word-level spelling of children with dyslexia and developmental language disorder
Authors: De Bree Elise , Lammertink Imme , Van Witteloostuijn Merel , Rispens Judit 
Published: November 2022

Veel kinderen met dyslexie en met een taalontwikkelingsstoornis (TOS) hebben moeite met spellen. Het is niet bekend of deze problemen hetzelfde zijn voor beide groepen,omdat er weinig directe spellingvergelijkingen tussen deze twee groepen kinderen zijn gemaakt. In deze studie vergeleken we de woorddictee-uitkomsten en foutenpatronen van kinderen (leeftijdsrange 8.2-10.4 jaar) met dyslexie (n=31), TOS (n=30) en een leeftijdsgematchtecontrolegroep (n=31). Daarnaast verdeelden we de TOS-groep in kinderen met TOS met leesproblemen (TOS+LP, n=18) en zonder leesproblemen (alleen-TOS, n=12). Tot slot voerden we regressieanalyses uit om te bepalen welke taal- en lees(gerelateerde) vaardigheden invloed hebben op spellingsuitkomsten.Zowel de dyslexie- als TOS-groep vertoonden spellingproblemen. Deze waren het meest uitgesproken voor de TOS+LP-groep. Wat betreft foutsoorten maakten de dyslexieenTOS-groepen meer fouten in alle categorieën dan de controlegroep. De dyslexie, alleen-TOS en TOS+LP-groepen lieten eenzelfde patroon zien wat betreft het spellen van woorden met foneem-grafeemassociaties die niet helemaal klankzuiver zijn (gauw als *gouw), met woorden waarin fonologie-orthografie-en morfologie moeten worden gecombineerd (pittig als *pitteg) en met regelwoorden (metro als *meetro). De dyslexieen TOS+LP-groepen lieten ook meer fouten zien in klankzuivere foneemgrafeemkoppelingen(boek als *beok) en met orthografische kennis (leenwoorden). De regressieanalyses lieten een sterke bijdrage zien van woordlezen en snelbenoemen aan woordspelling. Regressieanalyses zonder deze lees(gerelateerde) vaardigheden lieten een beperkte bijdrage van morfologie zien aan de spellingsuitkomsten.Deze resultaten bevestigen dat kinderen met dyslexie en TOS spellingprobemen hebben, zeker kinderen met TOS+LP. Ze wijzen naar de belangrijke bijdrage van woordleesvaardigheiden snelbenoemen voor spellen, en een beperktere bijdrage van morfologie.
Samen geven ze de noodzaak weer van systematisch spellingonderwijs en ondersteuning voor kinderen met dyslexie en TOS, alsook het belang van mondelinge taalondersteuning.Trefwoorden: Spelling, Dyslexie, Taalontwikkelingsstoornis, Lezen, Taal.
New Heat and Moisture Exchangers for Laryngectomized Patients in Germany: Mixed Methods Study on the Expected Effectiveness
Authors: Ahmed Anam , Mewes Janne C , Boot Iris W A , Vrijhoef Hubertus J M 
Published: November 2022

Background
Notwithstanding the benefits of heat and moisture exchangers (HMEs) in both clinical research and practice, a gap exists between the optimal physiological humidification created through the nasal function and the humidification capacity of HMEs for patients after total laryngectomy. In this study, 5 new HMEs (Provox Life) specialized for situational use with improved humidification capacities were evaluated.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the existing HMEs, assess the potential effectiveness of the new HMEs, and elicit expert judgments on the new HMEs’ expected effectiveness and impact on health care use.

Methods
First, a rapid literature review (RLR) was performed to identify evidence on the clinical outcomes, health outcomes, and complications of HMEs in patients who underwent laryngectomy. Second, semistructured interviews with German experts (n=4) were conducted to validate the findings of the RLR and identify reasonable expectations regarding the potential of the new HMEs. Third, a structured expert elicitation among German experts (n=19) was used to generate quantitative evidence on the expected effectiveness of the new HMEs in clinical and health outcomes.

Results
The RLR (n=10) demonstrated that HME use by patients has advantages compared with no HME use concerning breathing resistance, tracheal dryness and irritation, mucus production and plugging, frequency of cough and forced expectorations, sleep quality, voice quality, use of physiotherapy, tracheobronchitis or pneumonia episodes, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. From the expert interviews and structured expert elicitation, it was found that, on average, experts expect that compared with the second-generation HMEs, the new HMEs will lead to a decrease in tracheal dryness or irritation (51%, SD 24%, of patients), mucus plug events (33%, SD 32%, of patients), mucus production (53%, SD 22%, of patients), physiotherapy (0.74, SD 0.70, days) and pulmonary infections (34%, SD 32%) and an increase or improvement in speech quality (25%, SD 23%, of patients), social contacts (13%, SD 18%), quality of life (33%, SD 30%), and patient satisfaction (44%, SD 30%). An improvement in breathing (53%, SD 28%, of patients) and shortness of breath (48%, SD 25%, of patients) was expected. The average number of daily cough periods and forced expectorations was expected to be 2.95 (SD 1.61) and 2.46 (SD 1.42), respectively. Experts expect that, on average, less than half of the patients will experience sleeping problems (48%, SD 22%) and psychosocial problems (24%, SD 20%).

Conclusions
According to German experts, it is expected that the new HMEs with improved humidification levels will lead to additional (clinical) effectiveness on pulmonary health and an improved overall quality of life of patients compared with the currently available HMEs.
UMA REVISÃO SOBRE OS REGISTROS PALEOCLIMÁTICOS DAS MUDANÇAS GLACIAIS NO HOLOCENO NA ILHA REI GEORGE (62°12’0” S - 58°30’0” W)
Authors: Perondi Cleiva , Rosa Kátia Kellem , Vieira Rosemary , Petsch Carina 
Published: November 2022

O artigo objetiva realizar uma revisão teórica sobre os registros paleoclimáticos que evidenciam a variabilidade climática e a evolução da deglaciação no Holoceno, na ilha Rei George, Antártica Marítima. O trabalho envolveu a pesquisa bibliográfica em publicações de periódicos nacionais e internacionais, como Science Direct, Google Scholar e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES sobre a temática, tendo como temática os registros sedimentares e biológicos marinhos e terrestres, relacionandos os registros ao testemunhos de gelo. Os registros evidenciam a evolução da cobertura glacial para a ilha Rei George: a) início da deglaciação ocorreu há 9000 anos AP e levou ao recuo das geleiras de descarga até a parte central dos fiordes; b) recuo da margem das geleiras de maré na Baía de Maxwell até a cabeceira do fiorde (enseadas), entre 4,5 e 2,8 mil anos cal AP; c) avanço de geleiras há 3500 anos AP; d) geleiras oscilaram até 1700 anos AP e há registro de estabilização de frentes glaciais marinhas no período Neoglacial (entre 2600 e 1600 cal anos AP; e) houve avanço Neoglacial por volta de 1700 anos AP; f) evolução da deglaciação de plataformas rasas até 1200 anos cal AP; g) eventos frios Neoglaciais entre 250 e 450 anos AP. O inventário de informações geocronológicas e reconstruções paleoglaciais existentes para a região sintetizou evidências da evolução da deglaciação com momentos de estabilização e reavanços no Holoceno. Demonstra-se que há poucos registros sedimentares datados para detalhar as flutuações das margens glaciais nas baías da ilha Rei George.
Association between glycemic status and the risk of kidney cancer in men and women: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Park Joo-Hyun , Hong Jung Yong , Han Kyungdo , Shen Jay 
Published: November 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> Kidney cancer predominantly affects men, suggesting a biological protection against kidney cancer in women. We investigated the dose-response association between glycemic status and kidney cancer risk in men and women.</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods: </strong>In this nationwide cohort study, 9,492,331 adults without cancer who underwent national health screening in 2009 were followed up until December 31, 2018. We estimated kidney cancer risk using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models after adjusting for potential confounders.</p>
<p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 78.1 million person-years of follow-up, incident kidney cancer occurred in 8,834 men and 3,547 women. The male-to-female ratio of the incidence rate was 2.1:1 in never-smokers with normoglycemia (17.8 vs. 8.5 per 100,000 person-years). Among never-smokers, men with diabetes, but not prediabetes, had an increased risk of kidney cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 95% CI: 1.25, 1.12–1.38; and 1.06, 0.97–1.15), respectively. Among never-smokers, women with both diabetes and prediabetes had an increased risk (aHR, 95% CI: 1.34, 1.21–1.49; and 1.19, 1.10–1.29, respectively) (<em>P</em>trend <0.01). Among smokers, men and women with diabetes had 49% and 85% increased kidney cancer risk (aHR, 95% CI: 1.49, 1.37–1.61; and 1.85, 1.26–2.73), respectively.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glycemic status and kidney cancer risk exhibited a dose-response association in women. Diabetes, but not prediabetes, was associated with an increased risk in men. Although women have a lower risk of kidney cancer than men, women with even prediabetes have an increased risk. These findings should not be overlooked when monitoring for kidney complications.</p>
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Pembuatan Clip Video untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Struktur dan Fungsi Tumbuhan
Authors: Masruroh Mufid 
Published: November 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan penigkatahasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek pembuatan Clip video pada materi struktur dan fungsi tumbuhan. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Subyek penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek ini yaitu 24 siswa kelas VIII ruang A di MTs N 2 Ngawi. Hasil belajar siswa dianalisis menggunakan teknik pre test dan post test. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu lembar tes formatif. Nilai tes formatif dianalisis mengguanakan rumus rata-rata dan persentase ketuntasan siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran berbasis proyek dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa setelah dua siklus pembelajaran. Pada akhir siklus II diperoleh rata-rata nilai siswa yaitu 83,4 yang artinya telah melampaui kriteria ketuntasan minimal. Persentase ketuntasan siswa secara klasikal setelah siklus II mencapai 83,3% yang menunjukkan persentase ketuntasan yang tinggi. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek pembuatan Clip video dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi sturktur dan fungsi tumbuhan.
Efektifitas Zoom Meetings sebagai Media Pembelajaran Online
Authors: Saharoh Sinta Laela , Anzani Yunita Ayudhia , Chusni Muhammad Minan 
Published: November 2022

Pembelajaran online khususnya di perguruan tinggi banyak menggunakan media Zoom Meetings. Penting untuk mempelajari seberapa efektifitas pembelajaran online dengan Zoom Meetings. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana efektifitas penggunaan aplikasi Zoom Meetings sebagai media pembelajaran online terutama di tengah kondisi pandemi seperti saat ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis/pendekatan penelitian yang berupa studi kepustakaan (Library Research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran online pada media Zoom Meetings khususnya di perguruan tinggi cenderung kurang efektif, walaupun telah tersedia berbagai fitur yang mendukung keberlangsungan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, selain karena jaringan yang tidak stabil dan akses internet yang sangat sulit, juga masih ada peserta didik yang tidak memiliki fasilitas untuk mengakses aplikasi ini dan tidak mendapatkan subsidi kuota gratis dari pemerintah. Disisi lain, masih terdapat pula pendidik yang belum mampu mengoperasikan aplikasi sejenis ini. Namun, Zoom Meetings dinilai lebih efisien dan praktis digunakan sebagai platform yang mendukung pembelajaran terutama ditengah pandemi saat ini. Oleh karena itu, dengan keberadaan aplikasi Zoom Meetings ini diharapkan dapat mendukung siswa/mahasiswa dalam hal pembelajaran berbasis online dan diharapkan dapat memanfaatkan aplikasi ini sebaik dan seefektif mungkin.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU PENGOBATAN TRADISIONAL TANPA IZIN DI KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Purnamasari Ruli Purnamasari 
Published: November 2022

Pengobatan tradisional menjadi salah satu Layanan kesehatan yang diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena masih adanya pola piker sinkritisme, ketidakpuasan dengan pelayanan kesehatan modern, keterbatasan ekonomi keluarga dan system pelayanan yang dianggap kurang tepat. Selain itu, sebagian masyarakat masih menganggap bahwa pengobatan tradisional memiliki persentase kesembuhan yang lebih besar daripada pengobatan yang dilakukan oleh dokter. Berdasarkan hal tersebut muncul masalah yang menarik untuk diteliti, yaitu bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pengobatan traditional tanpa izin dan kendala dalam penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku pengobatan traditional tanpa izin di Kota Pekanbaru. Kajian penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan. Untuk itu metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh pelaku pengobatan traditional yang tidak memiliki izin belum berjalan secara optimal. Penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Balai Besar POM Pekanbaruterhadap peredaran obat tradisional tanpa izin edar belum berjalan secara optimal. Hal ini dikarenakan Balai Besar POM Pekanbaru kurang intensitas dalam melakukan pengawasan pelaku pengobatan tradisional sehingga masih ditemukan pelaku pengobatan.
REPRESENTATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN KASI LEMMONS’S HARRIET
Authors: SIMANJORANG ANGGI VERONIKA , BAHRI SYAMSUL 
Published: November 2022

In this social conditions, it is undeniable that cases of discrimination still dominate actions that are still widely felt by individuals, or groups of people. This discriminatory attitude is still often found in social, cultural, school and work life. This study aimed at identifying the kinds of racial discrimination in Illustration and dialog of script and movie biographies about Harriet Tubman and what are Nigger's resistance toward those discriminations in the movie. This study was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative method. The sources of data were taken from the script. The research instrument was the researcher herself by using a tool including laptop and books. The results of this research showed that in Harriet movie, there were five types of discrimination with the total of verbal antagonist (37,037%), avocation (18,518%), segregation (37,037%), physical attack (7,4071%). Racial discrimination is a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human races determine cultural or individual achievement, and finally discrimination found as the most dominant thing that the depict racism in the movie.
COHESIVE DEVICES (CDS) IN EXPOSITORY ESSAY WRITTEN BY INDONESIAN STUDENTS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (EFL)
Authors: Nilopa Leti Marsetia , Miftah M Zaini , Sugianto Aris 
Published: November 2022

The study aims at describing the types of cohesive devices used by the third semester students of English Department of Tarbiyah Faculty of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Palangka Raya who took Essay Writing Course. The subjects of the study were thirteen (13) of the third semester students’ of English department of Tarbiyah Faculty of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Palangka Rayawho took Essay Writing Course. In order to get the data, the students were asked to write expository essays by choosing the following topics which include; (1) why the teachers should be profesional, (2) the use of digitial technology in learning and (3) how to prevent forest from a fire. The data were analysed based on Halliday and Hasan’s (1976) framework on cohesive devices covering reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical cohesion. The study shows that (1) the types of cohesive devices to be found in in the students’ essays are conjunction (43.25%), reference (33.73%) and lexical cohesion (23.01%). Although there are a few cohesive devices to be used, the majority of the students’opinion essaya fail to achieve cohesion.
Thermodynamic limits to the productivity of passive solar distillators
Authors: Salinas-Freire Henry Alberto , Pérez-Ones Osney , Rodríguez-Muñoz Susana 
Published: November 2022

Seawater desalination has been studied with interest due to the scarcity of fresh water for human consumption. Solar distillation is an old method; the productivity, energy consumption of the process and the cost of the desalinated water thus obtained depend on the efficiency achieved in each of the stages of these systems. The limited capacity to absorb solar radiation and transform it into useful heat for evaporation, interaction with the surrounding medium, and heat losses restrict the overall efficiency of the thermal process and productivity. Since the energy comes from solar radiation, the maximum productivity of this process will be constrained by the magnitude of the total solar radiation available in an area of the planet due to its geographic location, time of year and local climatic conditions. The processes of this energy will be thermodynamically limited by the heat transfer coefficients achieved in the equipment, the maximum value that the evaporation heat can reach, as long as the losses to the environment by convection and radiation are minimal. Comparative analyses of several proposed models, reported data of distillers, reported data of solar radiation that reach average values of up to 7.2–7.4 kwh/m2 in some regions of the planet are presented and estimates are made for productivity of these equipments that they reach between 6.7 and 6.9 kg/m2 day with a theoretical maximum efficiency of about 0.16 of the total solar radiation.
The physiological role of melatonin in oxidative stress during the embryonic period of development
Authors: Pasatetckaia N. A. , Klimshin S. I. , Vasilyeva T. D. , Lopatina E. V. 
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Melatonin, being a powerful endogenous antioxidant, provides healthy course of pregnancy and childbirth. Decrease of melatonin levels in blood correlates with severity of preeclampsia. Currently, melatonin is viewed as a perspective antioxidant, able to improve mother’s condition during preeclampsia and protect fetus from unfavorable intrauterine environment.The objective was to study melatonin effects on remodeling of chicken embryo heart tissue under normal conditions and under oxidative stress model.Materials and methods. The study was performed using organotypic culture of heart tissue of 10–12-day-old chicken embryos. Oxidative stress was modeled by adding epinephrine 10–4 М or homocysteine thiolactone 10–3 М to culture medium.Results. The trophotropic effects of melatonin was detected at a concentration of 10–6 M. Drug stimulated heart tissue explants’ growth on 20 %. Epinephrine showed cardiotoxic effects at concentrations of 10–4 and 10–6 М. Melatonin (10–6 М) neutralized cardiotoxic effects of epinephrine (10–4 M). Cardiotoxic effects of homocysteine thiolactone (10–3 М) preserved in presence of melatonin (10–6 М).Conclusion. During embryonic period, melatonin neutralizes cardiotoxic effects of oxidative stress caused by a high concentration of epinephrine, but not by homocysteine thiolactone.
Estrategia pedagógica para la generación de capacidades en el desarrollo de vehículos de superficie no tripulados–USVs
Authors: Yacub Bermúdez Bashir , Gutiérrez Martínez Carlos A. , Castro Celis Wilbhert A. 
Published: November 2022

El presente trabajo presenta los resultados preliminares de la implementación de una estrategia pedagógica investigativa, orientada a la generación de capacidades en el desarrollo de Vehículos de Superficie No Tripulados USVs en la Escuela Naval de Cadetes “Almirante Padilla”, con el apoyo de la Corporación de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo de la Industria Naval, Marítima y Fluvial –COTECMAR. La estrategia implementada se fundamenta en la vinculación de estudiantes de pregrados a los proyectos de investigación orientados por los Grupos de Investigación, bajo la orientación del profesor, quien funge como investigador y a la vez propicia el ambiente para el trabajo cooperativo e interdisciplinario entre los estudiantes participantes. Se presentan tres experiencias significativas que demuestran claros resultados en el desarrollo de USVs.