bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study on the clinicopathological and molecular features of 22 cases of natural killer/T-cell lymphoma in children and adolescents
Authors: Wang Guan‑Nan , Zhao Wu‑Gan , Zhang Xu-Dong , Jian Xiang-Yu , Zhang Chong-Li , Zhang Ming-Zhi , Li Wen‑Cai 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNatural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) in children and adolescents is a rare type of T/NK cell neoplasms. The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinicopathological and genetic features of this rare entity of lymphoma. We evaluated the clinical, histopathological and molecular features of 22 young people with NKTCL, including 15 males and 7 females, with a median age of 15 years. The results revealed that the nasal site was the most involved region while non-nasal sites were observed in 27.3% out of all cases. The tumor cells were composed of small‑sized to large cells and 19 (86.4%) cases exhibited coagulative necrosis. The neoplastic cells in all patients were positive for CD3 and the cytotoxic markers. Nineteen (86.4%) cases were positive for CD56. Reduced expression of CD5 was observed in all available cases. CD30 was heterogeneously expressed in 15 (75.0%) cases. All 22 patients were EBV positive. Seven (36.8%) out of all the 19 patients during the follow-up died of the disease, and the median follow‑up period was 44 months. Moreover, patients treated with radiotherapy/chemotherapy showed significantly inferior OS compared with the untreated patients. High mutation frequencies were detected including KMT2C (5/5), MST1 (5/5), HLA-A (3/5) and BCL11A (3/5), which involved in modifications, tumor suppression and immune surveillance. These results suggest that NKTCL in children and adolescents exhibits histopathological and immunohistochemical features similar to the cases in adults. Active treatment is necessary after the diagnosis of NKTCL is confirmed. Furthermore, genetic analyse may provide a deep understanding of this rare disease.
Hybrid confocal fluorescence and photoacoustic microscopy for the label-free investigation of melanin accumulation in fish scales
Authors: Tserevelakis George J. , Pavlidis Michalis , Samaras Athanasios , Barmparis Georgios D. , Mavrakis Kostas G. , Draganidis Ioannis , Oikonomou Athanasios , Fanouraki Eleftheria , Tsironis Giorgos P. , Zacharakis Giannis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLower vertebrates, including fish, can rapidly alter skin lightness through changes in melanin concentration and melanosomes’ mobility according to various factors, which include background color, light intensity, ambient temperature, social context, husbandry practices and acute or chronic stressful stimuli. Within this framework, the determination of skin chromaticity parameters in fish species is estimated either in specific areas using colorimeters or at the whole animal level using image processing and analysis software. Nevertheless, the accurate quantification of melanin content or melanophore coverage in fish skin is quite challenging as a result of the laborious chemical analysis and the typical application of simple optical imaging methods, requiring also to euthanize the fish in order to obtain large skin samples for relevant investigations. Here we present the application of a novel hybrid confocal fluorescence and photoacoustic microscopy prototype for the label-free imaging and quantification of melanin in fish scales samples with high spatial resolution, sensitivity and detection specificity. The hybrid images are automatically processed through optimized algorithms, aiming at the accurate and rapid extraction of various melanin accumulation indices in large datasets (i.e., total melanin content, melanophores’ area, density and coverage) corresponding to different fish species and groups. Furthermore, convolutional neural network-based algorithms have been trained using the recorded data towards the classification of different scales’ samples with high accuracy. In this context, we demonstrate that the proposed methodology may increase substantially the precision, as well as, simplify and expedite the relevant procedures for the quantification of melanin content in marine organisms.
Quality of life and patient satisfaction with raloxifene/cholecalciferol combination therapy in postmenopausal women
Authors: Lee Dong-Yun , Chung Yoon-Sok 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study was performed to evaluate quality of life (QOL) and patient satisfaction with raloxifene/cholecalciferol combination therapy in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. This multicenter, prospective, noninterventional observational study included 3907 postmenopausal women who received a combination of raloxifene 60 mg and cholecalciferol 800 IU daily to treat or prevent osteoporosis. Changes in QOL and patient satisfaction were evaluated after 3 and 6 months of treatment. In addition, the safety profile was assessed. Mean age was 67.7 ± 9.3 years old. QOL, assessed by European Quality of life instrument 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index, improved significantly after 3 months (0.81 ± 0.11, P < 0.001) and 6 months (0.82 ± 0.11, P < 0.001) of treatment compared to the baseline (0.78 ± 0.14). Improvement in QOL was also significant regardless of previous regimens both in women who were switched from other drugs (bisphosphonates or selective estrogen receptor modulators) and in women who received the study drug for the first time (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Percentage of women satisfied with the effects (from 37.3 to 67.7%, P < 0.001) and convenience (from 42.8 to 74.1%, P < 0.001) of treatment compared to previous medication significantly increased after 6 months of treatment. In addition, serious adverse drug reactions did not occur, and hot flushes were observed only in 12 women (0.3%). Combination therapy with raloxifene and cholecalciferol significantly improves quality of life with no serious adverse events and high patient satisfaction at 6 months. Our real-world data suggest that this regimen is a promising option for postmenopausal women with low bone mass.
Dietary intervention improves health metrics and life expectancy of the genetically obese Titan mouse
Authors: Müller-Eigner Annika , Sanz-Moreno Adrián , de-Diego Irene , Venkatasubramani Anuroop Venkateswaran , Langhammer Martina , Gerlini Raffaele , Rathkolb Birgit , Aguilar-Pimentel Antonio , Klein-Rodewald Tanja , Calzada-Wack Julia , Becker Lore , Palma-Vera Sergio , Gille Benedikt , Forne Ignasi , Imhof Axel , Meng Chen , Ludwig Christina , Koch Franziska , Heiker John T. , Kuhla Angela , Caton Vanessa , Brenmoehl Julia , Reyer Henry , Schoen Jennifer , Fuchs Helmut , Gailus-Durner Valerie , Hoeflich Andreas , de Angelis Martin Hrabe , Peleg Shahaf 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSuitable animal models are essential for translational research, especially in the case of complex, multifactorial conditions, such as obesity. The non-inbred mouse (Mus musculus) line Titan, also known as DU6, is one of the world’s longest selection experiments for high body mass and was previously described as a model for metabolic healthy (benign) obesity. The present study further characterizes the geno- and phenotypes of this non-inbred mouse line and tests its suitability as an interventional obesity model. In contrast to previous findings, our data suggest that Titan mice are metabolically unhealthy obese and short-lived. Line-specific patterns of genetic invariability are in accordance with observed phenotypic traits. Titan mice also show modifications in the liver transcriptome, proteome, and epigenome linked to metabolic (dys)regulations. Importantly, dietary intervention partially reversed the metabolic phenotype in Titan mice and significantly extended their life expectancy. Therefore, the Titan mouse line is a valuable resource for translational and interventional obesity research.
Mapping transgene insertion sites reveals the α-Cre transgene expression in both developing retina and olfactory neurons
Authors: Fan Yimeng , Chen Wenyue , Wei Ran , Qiang Wei , Pearson Joel D. , Yu Tao , Bremner Rod , Chen Danian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTheTg(Pax6-cre,GFP)2Pgr(α-Cre) mouse is a commonly used Cre line thought to be retinal-specific. Using targeted locus amplification (TLA), we mapped the insertion site of the transgene, and defined primers useful to deduce zygosity. Further analyses revealed four tandem copies of the transgene. The insertion site mapped to clusters of vomeronasal and olfactory receptor genes. UsingR26RandAi14Cre reporter mice, we confirmed retinal Cre activity, but also detected expression in Gα0+olfactory neurons. Mostα-Cre+olfactory neurons do not express Pax6, implicating the influence of neighboring regulatory elements. RT-PCR and buried food pellet test did not detect any effects of the transgene on flanking genes in the nasal mucosa and retina. Together, these data precisely mapα-Cre, show that it does not affect surrounding loci, but reveal previously unanticipated transgene expression in olfactory neurons. Theα-Cremouse can be a valuable tool in both retinal and olfactory research.
Low-temperature magnetic crossover in the topological kagome magnet TbMn6Sn6
Authors: Mielke III C. , Ma W. L. , Pomjakushin V. , Zaharko O. , Sturniolo S. , Liu X. , Ukleev V. , White J. S. , Yin J.-X. , Tsirkin S. S. , Larsen C. B. , Cochran T. A. , Medarde M. , Porée V. , Das D. , Gupta R. , Wang C. N. , Chang J. , Wang Z. Q. , Khasanov R. , Neupert T. , Amato A. , Liborio L. , Jia S. , Hasan M. Z. , Luetkens H. , Guguchia Z. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMagnetic topological phases of quantum matter are an emerging frontier in physics and materials science, of which kagome magnets appear as a highly promising platform. Here, we explore magnetic correlations in the recently identified topological kagome system TbMn6Sn6using muon spin rotation, combined with local field analysis and neutron diffraction. Our studies identify an out-of-plane ferrimagnetic structure with slow magnetic fluctuations which exhibit a critical slowing down below$${T}_{{{{{{{{\rm{C1}}}}}}}}}^{* }$$TC1* ≃ 120 K and finally freeze into static patches with ideal out-of-plane order belowTC1 ≃ 20 K. We further show that hydrostatic pressure of 2.1 GPa stabilises the static out-of-plane topological ferrimagnetic ground state in the whole volume of the sample. Therefore the exciting perspective arises of a magnetically-induced topological system whose magnetism can be controlled through external parameters. The present results will stimulate theoretical investigations to obtain a microscopic understanding of the relation between the low-temperature volume-wise magnetic evolution of the staticc-axis ferrimagnetic patches and the topological electronic properties in TbMn6Sn6.
Angiotensin II type-2-receptor stimulation ameliorates focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis in mice
Authors: Liao Min-Chun , Miyata Kana N. , Chang Shiao-Ying , Zhao Xin-Ping , Lo Chao-Sheng , El-Mortada Mohamad-Ali , Peng Junzheng , Chenier Isabelle , Yamashita Michifumi , Ingelfinger Julie R. , Chan John S.D. , Zhang Shao-Ling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Podocyte damage and loss are the early event in the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Podocytes express angiotensin II type-2-receptor (AT2R), which may play a key role in maintaining kidney integrity and function. Here, we examined the effects of AT2R deletion and AT2R agonist compound 21 (C21) on the evolution of FSGS. FSGS was induced by adriamycin (ADR) injection in both male wild-type (WT) and AT2R knockout (KO) mice. C21 was administered to WT-FSGS mice either one day before or 7 days after ADR (Pre-C21 or Post-C21), using two doses of C21 at either 0.3 (low dose, LD) or 1.0 (high dose, HD) mg/kg/day. ADR-induced FSGS was more severe in AT2RKO mice compared with WT-FSGS mice, and included profound podocyte loss, glomerular fibrosis, and albuminuria. Glomerular cathepsin L expression increased more in AT2RKO-FSGS than in WT-FSGS mice. C21 treatment ameliorated podocyte injury, most significantly in the Pre C21-HD group, and inhibited glomerular cathepsin L expression. In vitro, Agtr2 knock-down in mouse podocyte cell line given ADR confirmed the in vivo data. Mechanistically, C21 inhibited cathepsin L expression, which protected synaptopodin from destruction and stabilized actin cytoskeleton. C21 also prevented podocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, AT2R activation by C21 ameliorated ADR-induced podocyte injury in mice by the inhibition of glomerular cathepsin L leading to the maintenance of podocyte integrity and prevention of podocyte apoptosis.
ROAM: Random layer mixup for semi‐supervised learning in medical images
Authors: Bdair Tariq , Wiestler Benedikt , Navab Nassir , Albarqouni Shadi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMedical image segmentation is one of the major challenges addressed by machine learning methods. However, these methods profoundly depend on a large amount of annotated data, which is expensive and time‐consuming. Semi‐supervised learning (SSL) approaches this by leveraging an abundant amount of unlabeled data. Recently, MixUp regularizer has been introduced to SSL methods by augmenting the model with new data points through linear interpolation at the input space. While this provides the model with new data, it is limited and may lead to inconsistent soft labels. It is argued that the linear interpolation at different representations provides the network with novel training signals and overcomes the inconsistency of the soft labels. This paper proposes ROAM as an SSL method that explores the manifold and performs linear interpolation on randomly selected layers to generate virtual data that has never been seen before, which encourages the network to be less confident for interpolated points. Hence it avoids overfitting, enhances the generalization, and shows less sensitivity to the domain shift. Extensive experiments are conducted on publicl datasets on whole‐brain and lung segmentation. ROAM achieves state‐of‐the‐art results in fully supervised (89.5%) and semi‐supervised (87.0%) settings with relative improvements up to 2.40% and 16.50%, respectively.
Single image deraining using contrastive perceptual regularization
Authors: Hu Bin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRain streaks pollute the image captured from outdoor vision system, and single image deraining approach based on data‐driven has witnessed the continuously growing and achieved great success. Here, an end‐to‐end network for single image deraining is proposed. Firstly, to address the limit of convolution neural network (CNN) which can only extract local feature, a graph based basic block is proposed to extract global feature. The basic block consists of graph convolutional network (GCN) and CNN. The GCN module which combines spatial coherence computing and channel correlation computing is introduced to extract non‐local information. While the CNN module, which combines the channel attention and pixel attention, is used to earn more weight from important local features. Secondly, a contrastive perceptual regularization is adopted to enhance the loss function, and a more natural image is restored by utilizing the information from both positive and negative samples with the regularization. The restored image is pulled closer to the positive clear image and pushed farther away to the negative rainy image. The experiment results on several datasets demonstrate that these methods achieve better results than the previous state‐of‐art methods.
Large pneumatocele as a rare complication in SARS-CoV-2 infection of the lung
Authors: Gillissen Adrian , Zimmermann Thomas , Clasen Stephan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a case of SARS-CoV2-Virus a non-vaccinated 54-year-old male admitted
with COVID-19 pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency requiring high-flow oxygen
supplementation. CT-scan of the lung revealed multifocal bilateral ground-glass opacities and
– as a rare complication – a large pneumatocele in the middle of the posterior part of the
left lower lobe. In order to treat the pneumatocele, a 10 F was placed into the cavity. The
resulting pneumothorax was successfully treated with a 20 F chest tube over a 9-day period.
The pneumatocele shrank only slightly. This case demonstrates a unique radiologic finding in
COVID-19, which is likely the result of severe inflammation secondary to SARS-CoV-2 including
an unfruitful attempt at depressurisation.
Belastung von Betroffenen mit MRKH-Syndrom: Effekt einer Intervention
zur Unterstützung bei Neovagina-Anlage
Authors: Schäffeler Norbert , Beckmann Julia , Schenk Bernadette , Schöller Dorit , Wallwiener Diethelm , Enck Paul , Teufel Martin , Zipfel Stephan , Rall Katharina , Brucker Sara 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Diagnose des Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndroms (MRKHS), eine
seltene Variante der weiblichen Geschlechtsentwicklung, wird meist in der
Pubertät gestellt. Die Verunsicherung im Selbstbild, die
Unmöglichkeit schwanger zu werden führen häufig zu
deutlicher Belastung. Obwohl eine psychosomatische Begleitung in der Literatur
konsistent empfohlen wird gibt es bislang nur wenige Studien zu psychischen
Aspekten von MRKHS. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Lebensqualität und
Belastung von Frauen mit MRKHS bei der operativen Anlage einer Neovagina zu
untersuchen und andererseits Effekte einer Intervention zur Vorbereitung und
Unterstützung während der Behandlung zu evaluieren. Methoden An
einem überregionalen Zentrum zur Neovaginaanlage wurde im Rahmen einer
explorativen quasi-experimentellen Prä-Post-Untersuchung allen
Patientinnen eine psychosomatische Intervention angeboten (Interventionsgruppe
IG, n=23) und vor Operation (t0) sowie sechs Monate danach (t1) die
sexuelle Funktion (FSFI), psychische Belastung (PHQ-D) und gesundheitsbezogene
Lebensqualität (SF-12) erhoben. Diese wurden mit den Daten einer zuvor
sowie im Anschluss an den Interventionszeitraum erhobenen Stichprobe verglichen
(Vergleichsgruppe VG, n=30). Ergebnisse Während die
körperliche Lebensqualität (SF-12) beider Gruppen zu beiden
Zeitpunkten unauffällig war, zeigte sich eine signifikante
Beeinträchtigung in der psychischen Lebensqualität. Beide
Gruppen (IG, VG) verbesserten sich von t0 zu t1 in ihrer sexuellen Funktion
(FSFI) und zeigten niedrigere Depressionswerte (PHQ-D). Die im Rahmen dieser
Studie entwickelte Kurzintervention wurde von den Betroffenen gut akzeptiert und
als hilfreich bewertet. Diese subjektiv empfundene Wirksam-keit der Intervention
zeigte sich jedoch nicht durch eine Verbesserung auf der
Lebensqualitätsskala (SF-12) und Depressionsskala (PHQ-D).
Schlussfolgerung Die Betroffenen zeigen eine deutliche, klinisch relevante
Belastung (SF-12), die sich aber nicht in Form psychischer Komorbidität
(PHQ-D) abbildet. Diese scheinbare Diskrepanz weist auf psychisch stabile Frauen
mit akuter Belastung durch die Diagnose der Variante der Geschlechtsentwicklung
hin. Für sie scheint ein niederschwelliges Unterstützungsangebot
mit supportivem Charakter zur Begleitung während der operativen
Behandlung notwendig und hilfreich. Die rekonstruktive Therapie zur Anlage einer
Neovagina scheint die psychische Lebensqualität positiv zu beeinflussen.
Dass eine Schwangerschaft aufgrund des fehlenden Uterus weiterhin nicht
möglich ist könnte ein Grund für das Nicht-Erreichen der
Lebensqualität der Durchschnittsbevölkerung sein.
Consonant Enhancement Effects on Speech Recognition of Hearing-Impaired Children
Authors: Smith Lynn Z. , Levitt Harry 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDifferences in gain (enhancement, in dB) required to optimize the consonant/vowel intensity ratio in nonsense syllables were determined for stops and fricatives, both voiced and voiceless, in 12 children with congenital moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss. The test stimuli were vowel/consonant nonsense syllables with various levels of enhancement ranging from 0 dB (for the unprocessed stimulus) to 24 dB of gain, in steps of 3 or 6 dB. Results showed that significant improvements in consonant recognition can be obtained with individualized adjustment of consonant amplitude for children as young as 5 years of age.
Abbreviations: CE = consonant enhacement, CVR = consonant/vowel intensity ratio, NST = Nonsense Syllable Test
Comparison of Air-Conduction and Bone-Conduction Hearing Thresholds for Pure Tones and Octave-Band Filtered Sound Effects
Authors: Abouchacra Kim S. , Letowski Tomasz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to measure air-conduction (AC) and bone-conduction (BC) hearing thresholds with pure-tone and filtered sound effect stimuli using standard audiometric equipment. A group of 20 young, normal-hearing listeners participated in the study. Pure-tone stimuli were 250, 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz. Sound effect stimuli were 12 natural sounds that were spectrally limited to an octave bandwidth centered at either 250, 500,1000, 2000, or 4000 Hz. The AC and BC detection thresholds were measured using a clinical audiometer (Madsen Orbiter 922) with a B-71 bone oscillator and TDH-50 earphones. Results indicated that detection thresholds for the pure-tone and corresponding octave-band sound effect stimuli were within 3 to 4 dB of each other for both AC and BC testing. The findings support the notion that octave-filtered sound effects are a viable alternative to pure-tone stimuli for use in audiology clinics.
Overcoming political risk in developing economies through non-local debt
Authors: Müllner Jakob , Dorobantu Sinziana 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInfrastructure investments are essential in generating sustainable development but also involve extensive political risk and potentially unreliable local partners. We study how banks financing such investments use syndication with non-local partners to pool economic leverage from trade, investment, and FDI. Using 5928 of the world’s largest infrastructure and energy projects in 160 countries between 2000 and 2013, we show that banks pool economic leverage from banks with dominant economic ties to the host country and from supranational institutions. Our findings contribute three distinct elements to the nonmarket strategy literature. First, they highlight the strategic value of macro-economic dependencies in the management of political risk. Second, our study positions non-local alliances as an alternative to alliance partners in the host-country context. Third, our study is the first in IB to acknowledge the value of debt-side pooling of leverage. From a practical and policy point of view, our findings suggest that practitioners and policymakers should strive to improve the efficiency of debt syndication across borders as a means of mitigating political risk and encouraging infrastructure investment.
Optical second harmonic generation: role of symmetry and local resonances (review)
Authors: Baranova I.M. , Dolgova T.V. , Kolmychek I.A. , Maydykovskiy A.I. , Mishina E.D. , Murzina T.V. , Fedyanin A.A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report some results of studying optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) on surfaces and at interfaces of centrosymmetric media, in resonant nano- and microstructures, and in ferroelectric materials. The research was carried out at the Department of Quantum Electronics of the Lomonosov Moscow State University under the supervision of Professor O.A. Aktsipetrov, and subsequently developed by his disciples. As examples that clearly demonstrate the possibilities of the SHG method for examining nonstandard objects of nonlinear optics, we discuss the behaviour of the nonlinear optical response of single-crystal silicon and germanium surfaces and their interfaces with oxides, as well as nonlinear electroreflection. Optical interferometry and its possibilities are briefly described using the example of these systems. Unique sensitivity of SHG to the symmetry and resonance properties of nanostructures, including magnetic ones, is shown, which determines the efficiency of this method for investigating such systems. Finally, we demonstrate that the SHG effect is a unique remote and sensitive method for studying ferroelectric structures.