bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral Collateral Ligament and Biceps Femoris Tendon Fixation with a Suture Anchor to the Tibial Metaphysis after Proximal Fibula En Bloc Resections Preserve Lateral Knee Stability
Authors: Buyukdogan Kadir , Işık Samet , Ayık Gökhan , Tokgözoğlu Mazhar , Ayvaz Mehmet 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the functional outcomes and lateral knee stability of patients who underwent lateral collateral ligament (LCL) and biceps femoris tendon reconstruction with suture anchors after proximal fibula en bloc resection for bone tumors. Patients who underwent proximal fibular en bloc resection between 2007 and 2018 were retrospectively viewed. Patients were invited to visit the clinic, and their functional scores were evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring (MSTS) system. Lateral knee stability was evaluated by varus stress radiographs obtained at 20 degrees of flexion, and the range of motion (ROM) of the bilateral knee was assessed. Side-to-side differences were graded according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) criteria and compared between types I and II resections. A total of 17 patients (4 males and 13 females) with a mean age of 31.1 ± 17.1 (range: 13–65) years at the time of surgery were available for radiological and clinical examination at a mean follow-up of 68.6 ± 36.4 (range: 22–124) months after surgery. In terms of ROM measurements, IKDC grades and side-to-side differences in both flexion and extension were not significantly different between the groups. On varus stress radiographs, lateral knee gapping was measured to be 0.93 ± 0.91 mm in type-I resections and 1.83 ± 0.45 mm in type-II resections, and statistically significant differences were detected among the groups (p = 0.039). When the values were graded according to IKDC criteria, none of the knees were classified as abnormal, and no difference was observed between the groups. Mean MSTS score of patients with type-I resections was significantly higher than those of patients with type-II resections (92.7 vs. 84.4%, p = 0.021). In the subscale analysis, a significant difference was observed in the support scores (type I = 94.5%, type II = 70%; p = 0.001). The reattachment of LCL and biceps femoris tendon to the tibial metaphysis with a suture anchor is a simple and effective method to prevent lateral knee instability after proximal fibula resections.
Polarization and US foreign policy: key debates and new findings
Authors: Friedrichs Gordon M. , Tama Jordan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPolarization in the USA has been on the rise for several decades. In this context, few observers expect politics today to stop “at the water’s edge,” as the old cliché goes. But key questions about the relationship between polarization and US foreign policy remain to be fully answered. To what extent are American ideas about foreign policy now polarized along partisan lines? How is polarization changing the foreign policy behavior of the US Congress and President? And how is polarization altering the effectiveness of US foreign policy and influencing America’s role in the world? In this introductory article to our special issue “Domestic Polarization and US Foreign Policy: Ideas, Institutions, and Policy Implications,” we provide an overview of key debates and existing knowledge about these questions, highlight important new findings from the contributions to the special issue, and suggest avenues for further research on this increasingly important topic.
Engineered nanoparticles enable deep proteomics studies at scale by leveraging tunable nano–bio interactions
Authors: Ferdosi Shadi , Tangeysh Behzad , Brown Tristan R. , Everley Patrick A. , Figa Michael , McLean Matthew , Elgierari Eltaher M. , Zhao Xiaoyan , Garcia Veder J. , Wang Tianyu , Chang Matthew E. K. , Riedesel Kateryna , Chu Jessica , Mahoney Max , Xia Hongwei , O’Brien Evan S. , Stolarczyk Craig , Harris Damian , Platt Theodore L. , Ma Philip , Goldberg Martin , Langer Robert , Flory Mark R. , Benz Ryan , Tao Wei , Cuevas Juan Cruz , Batzoglou Serafim , Blume John E. , Siddiqui Asim , Hornburg Daniel , Farokhzad Omid C. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Deep profiling of the plasma proteome at scale has been a challenge for traditional approaches. We achieve superior performance across the dimensions of precision, depth, and throughput using a panel of surface-functionalized superparamagnetic nanoparticles in comparison to conventional workflows for deep proteomics interrogation. Our automated workflow leverages competitive nanoparticle–protein binding equilibria that quantitatively compress the large dynamic range of proteomes to an accessible scale. Using machine learning, we dissect the contribution of individual physicochemical properties of nanoparticles to the composition of protein coronas. Our results suggest that nanoparticle functionalization can be tailored to protein sets. This work demonstrates the feasibility of deep, precise, unbiased plasma proteomics at a scale compatible with large-scale genomics enabling multiomic studies.
Epstein–Barr virus latency programs dynamically sensitize B cells to ferroptosis
Authors: Burton Eric M. , Voyer Jewel , Gewurz Benjamin E. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceEpstein–Barr virus (EBV) contributes to Burkitt lymphoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). EBV-transforming programs activate lipid metabolism to convert B cells into immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL), a PTLD model. We found that stages of EBV transformation generate lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) byproducts to varying degrees, and that a Burkitt-like phase of B cell outgrowth requires lipid ROS detoxification by glutathione peroxidase 4 and its cofactor glutathione. Perturbation of this redox defense in early stages of transformation or in Burkitt cells triggered ferroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway. LCLs were less dependent on this defense, a distinction tied to EBV latency programs. This highlights ferroptosis induction as a potential therapeutic approach for prevention or treatment of certain EBV+ lymphomas.
Chinese EFL learners’ apology strategies
Authors: Pei Xiaoyu , Yang Lianrui , Chen Ying , Wolter Brent 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a multimodal analysis of apologies performed by Chinese EFL learners at two proficiency levels by considering their use of both verbal and nonverbal (i.e., gestures and gaze) strategies. The results showed that both groups used IFID (illocutionary force indicating device, which, in this study, refers to explicit apology strategies such asSorryorForgive me), explanation, and acknowledgment of responsibility strategies frequently, but the high proficiency participants tended to use more diverse IFID sub-strategies. Analysis of gestures also revealed significant between-group differences in the duration and frequency of the use of gestures, with the high proficiency group using more ideographic gestures (gestures which indicate specific meaning or help to express certain meaning, such as emblems, illustrators, and regulators) than their lower proficiency counterparts. Finally, the two groups differed significantly in gaze duration, but not in gaze frequency. These findings suggest that although both groups used nonverbal cues to supplement linguistic strategies of apology, they differed in how they used them. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of employing a multimodal approach when attempting to gain a more comprehensive understanding of EFL speakers’ use of speech acts.
Environment terms and translation students
Authors: L’Homme Marie-Claude , Marshman Elizabeth , Martín Antonio San 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article reports on a pilot study that aims to shed some light on how translation students construe specialized terms. More specifically, we verified their ability to associate environment terms with specific conceptual situations (as understood by Frame Semantics [Fillmore 1976;Fillmore and Baker 2010]). Respondents (27) were asked to complete a questionnaire containing 10 different questions that assessed the association of terms with conceptual situations from different angles. Results show that respondents can associate related terms and link sets of terms to conceptual situations and can make distinctions between the different components of conceptual situations when asked to produce lists of terms or select terms from a predefined list. However, when asked to assess the similarity or difference between specific terms, respondents are less likely to produce the anticipated answer. Our findings suggest that teaching and learning activities inspired by Frame Semantics may be helpful for students to structure their terminological analysis and deal with challenges such as ambiguity and fine semantic distinctions. We hope this can ultimately contribute to helping them make informed, precise and coherent terminological choices.
Dung Kai-cheung’sAtlasin translation
Authors: Zhu Lyujie , Glynn Dominic 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines issues of translation in Dung Kai-cheung’s董啟章novelDituji: Yige xiangxiang de chengshi de kaoguxue地圖集：一個想像的城市的考古學(Atlas: The Archaeology of an Imaginary City). In the first instance, it provides structural analyses of the constraints shaping the translation of the writer’s work from Chinese to English. It moves on to comment on the imbrication of Hong Kong’s history of translation in the puns and other word games, as well as in the narrative thread. Lastly, it compares different partial English translations of significant passages to (re-)map the linguistic and cultural transfer of this major work of contemporary Hong Kong literature.
Simultaneously enhanced efficiency of eco-friendly structural characterization of the dithienocyclopentacarbazole donor based acceptors with narrow bandgap for high-performance organic solar cells
Authors: Ans Muhammad , Ayub Ahtsham , Alwadai Norah , Rasool Alvina , Zahid Muhammad , Iqbal Javed , Al-Buriahi M S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the present age, researchers are trying to overcome the energy crisis and the global demand for energy by developing organic solar cells (OSCs) of higher efficacy. Herein, we have developed five new acceptor molecules with a dithienocyclopentacarbazole donor unit flanked with different electron-withdrawing end-capped acceptor units, named Z1 ((Z)-2-(2-ethylidene-5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile), Z2 ((Z)-1-(dicyanomethylene)-2-ethylidene-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-5,6-dicarbonitrile), Z3 ((Z)-2-(5-ethylidene-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-ylidene)malononitrile), Z4 ((Z)-2-(5-ethylidene-3-fluoro-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-ylidene)malononitrile) and Z5 ((Z)-5-((Z)-5-ethylidene-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-6H-cyclopenta[b]thiophen-6-ylidene)-3-methyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one) to get greater effectiveness and good activity of OSCs, in order for non-renewable resources to be replaced with cost-effective, better-performing OSCs. B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) was used analytically to explore the maximum absorption wavelength (
λ

max
), reorganization energy (RE), frontier molecular orbital, transition density matrix, open circuit voltage (
V

oc
), density of state, binding energy (
E

b
) and dipole moment of the newly developed molecules. Amongst all the newly designed (Z1–Z5) molecules, the Z2 molecule showed the lowest energy gap (2.04 eV) between highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, maximum λ
max value in the applied phases i.e. gas (680.74 nm) and solvent (737.0 nm) along with the highest dipole moment values in gas (9.85 Debye) and solvent phase (11.0 Debye), lowest values of reorganization energy, and high charge mobilities. In addition, all the newly designed molecules were found to have the potential for better results in contrast to the molecule R (reference molecule).
A neural network model relating extraction current characteristics with optical emission spectra for the purpose of a digital twin of miniaturized ion thrusters
Authors: Zhang Wen-Jie , Zhu Xi-Ming , Wang Yan-Fei , Wang Guo-Xin , Yan Yan , Meng Sheng-Feng , Jia Jun-Wei , Ning Zhong-Xi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Miniaturized ion thrusters are one of the most important candidates in the task of drag-free control for space-based gravitational wave detection, the thrust of which can be accurately tuned in principle by in-orbit monitoring and feedback control. This work investigates a neural network model (NNM) that can be used for real-time monitoring of the function that relates the grid voltage and the extraction current of a miniaturized ion thruster using optical emission spectroscopy. This model is developed as a component of an ion thruster’s digital twin. A collisional-radiative model relates the plasma parameters in the discharge chamber of the thruster to the emission spectroscopy; an extraction current model relates the plasma parameters to the function that relates the grid voltage and extraction current. The NNM is trained based on the dataset produced by these models, and is examined by experimental results from a miniaturized ion thruster. It is found that the difference between the thrust predicted by the NNM and the experimental value is less than 6%. Discussions are given on further improvement of the NNM for accurate thrust control in space-based gravitational wave detection in the future.
Enhanced linear dichroism of flattened-edge black phosphorus nanoribbons
Authors: Seixas Leandro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Black phosphorus is a material with an intrinsic anisotropy in electronic and optical properties due to its puckered honeycomb lattice. Optical absorption is different for incident light with linear polarization in the armchair and zigzag directions (linear dichroism). These directions are also used in the cuts of materials to create black phosphorus nanoribbons. Edges of nanoribbons usually have small reconstruction effects, with minor electronic effects. Here, we show a reconstruction of the armchair edge that introduces a new valence band, which flattens the puckered lattice and increases the linear dichroism extrinsically in the visible spectrum. This enhancement in linear dichroism is explained by the polarization selection rule, which considers the parity of the wave function to a reflection plane. The flattened-edge reconstruction originates from the inversion of chirality of the P atoms at the edges and significantly alters the entire optical absorption of the material. The flattened edges have potential applications in pseudospintronics, photodetectors and might provide new functionalities in optoelectronic and photonic devices.
Experimental characterization and modelling of the resistive wall mode response in a reversed field pinch
Authors: Saad E A , Brunsell P R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Model-based control algorithms have potential advantages for resistive wall mode (RWM) feedback control. In this study, a physics model of the RWM response to externally applied perturbation fields is validated against experiments in a reversed field pinch (RFP). The experimental characterization of the RWM plasma response is performed in the EXTRAP T2R device by the excitation of nonaxisymmetric perturbation magnetic fields utilizing an external array of saddle coils for RWM control. The modelling and experimental validation is carried out with an extended sensor array, resolving a wider spectrum of RWM compared to earlier studies, covering the relevant poloidal

m
=
1

and toroidal

−
32
<
n
<
32

modes for this high aspect ratio RFP device. In addition to the nonresonant unstable modes, which are the primary target of RWM feedback control, this spectrum also includes a wide range of resonant modes. The validated resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model includes the passive stabilization effect on these modes from intrinsic plasma rotation. The inclusion of resistivity and plasma rotation in the present model provides a substantially better agreement between modelled and experimental growth rates than that observed in earlier studies using the ideal MHD model. The present model provides a realistic description of the plasma response for both nonresonant and resonant modes, which is both relatively simple and compatible with the computing capabilities and latency limitations encountered in practical implementations of model-based control algorithms.
Simulation and modeling of radio-frequency atmospheric pressure plasmas in the non-neutral regime
Authors: Klich Maximilian , Wilczek Sebastian , Donkó Zoltán , Brinkmann Ralf Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Radio-frequency-driven atmospheric pressure plasma jets (RF APPJs) play an essential role in many technological applications. This work studies the characteristics of these discharges in the so-called non-neutral regime where the conventional structure of a quasi-neutral bulk and an electron depleted sheath does not develop, and the electrons are instead organized in a drift-soliton-like structure that never reaches quasi-neutrality. A hybrid particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collisions (PIC/MCC) simulation is set up, which combines a fully kinetic electron model via the PIC/MCC algorithm with a drift-diffusion model for the ions. In addition, an analytical model for the electron dynamics is formulated. The formation of the soliton-like structure and the connection between the soliton and the electron dynamics are investigated. The location of the electron group follows a drift equation, while the spatial shape can be described by Poisson–Boltzmann equilibrium in a co-moving frame. A stability analysis is conducted using the Lyapunov method and a linear stability analysis. A comparison of the numerical simulation with the analytical models yields a good agreement.
High torque density magnetorheological brake with multipole dual disc construction
Authors: Shiao Yaojung , Kantipudi Mahendra Babu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a magnetorheological (MR) brake with the intent of overcoming the problems of limited torque density and low manufacturability that conventional MR brakes come across. Firstly, the conceptual design of the proposed MR brake was finalized. High torque density was achieved by using the combined effect of the dual disc-type construction and multipole concept. High manufacturability was attained with a simple and lightweight mechanical construction. It was created with the major components, namely magnetically permeable stator cases, rotor discs, magnetic cores, winding coils, and MR fluid. The computer aided design (CAD) model and analytical models were also developed to study the performance of the proposed brake. Then, the dimensions of the brake were optimized through electromagnetic simulations. Further, the brake performance was simulated using a three-dimensional electromagnetic model. Finally, a prototype of the optimized MR brake was fabricated, and its performance was experimentally validated. It is clear from the computer simulations and experimental test results, that the proposed MR brake has achieved the objective. The maximum torque was 16.5 Nm, and the torque density of 79.3 Nm dm−3 was significantly higher than that of conventional MR brakes. This brake also exhibited a fairly rapid response with a response rate of 90 ms.
Influence of conditions of liquid dosing on water droplet spreading
Authors: Laga E Yu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The work presents the experimental studies of the influence of surface roughness on the dynamic characteristics of distilled water droplet spreading. As solid surfaces, copper samples treated with abrasive materials (average grain size of 10–100 μm) and aluminum samples polished to a mirror finish were used. The advancing dynamic contact angles obtained using DSA technique were found. The effect of the droplet formation rate and surface roughness on the characteristics of water droplet spreading, in particular, dynamic contact angle, was analyzed.
The heat transfer dynamics during dry patch formation in heated liquid layer
Authors: Gigola T G , Cheverda V V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this present paper an experimental study of a dry patch formation of the water layer on the sapphire plate is presented. With help of IR-camera the heat transfer processes are studied and visualised in water liquid layer. These results will be used for the heat transfer solution inside sapphire plate. The first of this research is to determine the temperature distribution on the upper part of sapphire glass to solve heat transfer equation for full sapphire glass.
Investigation of the flight of liquid microdroplets over the contact line in a horizontal liquid film heated from below
Authors: Kirichenko E O , Kirichenko D P , Zaitsev D V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
When a liquid layer is heated from the substrate, a structured array of levitating microdroplets can be formed near to the surface of the liquid. When a dry spot is formed on the substrate through the liquid layer, the droplets can move under the action of gravity towards the dry spot so that propagation of microdroplets from a wetted to a dry substrate area is accompanied by a substantial change in the droplet levitation height above the contact line. It was found that with an increase in the diameter of a microdroplet, the maximum height of the trajectory, and the flight distance of the drop, decrease.
Numerical modeling of interaction of water molecule and fullerene C60
Authors: Khilchuk M D , Tarasov E A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the main subject of research is the interaction of nanostructures and water molecules. The method of molecular dynamics is used, which calculates the trajectory of a water molecule inside fullerene C60. The forces acting in the system are determined through the potential energy of the interaction of particles. The Lennard-Jones interaction potential is used. The trajectories of the movement of the water molecule for different initial conditions are obtained, the change in the speed of its movement is estimated, and the size of the movement area is estimated.
Hardware design of the generic rear transition module for the global trigger system of the ATLAS phase II upgrade
Authors: Yin W. , Tang S. , Bonini F. , Begel M. , Benoit M. , Matakias D. , Zhivun E. , Xu H. , Chen H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider is expected to start operations in the middle of 2027, to deliver more than ten times the integrated luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider Runs 1–3 combined (up to 4000 fb−1). Meeting these requirements poses significant challenges to the hardware design of the trigger and data acquisition system. Global trigger is a new subsystem in the ATLAS phase-II upgrade, which will bring event filter-like capability to the level-0 trigger system. A common hardware platform in Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture form factor named Global Common Module is proposed to be configured as processor nodes in the global trigger. To mitigate the risk and simplify the Global Common Module hardware design, a Generic Rear Transition Module is being developed. The Generic Rear Transition Module, which has been implemented with a Xilinx Versal Prime Field Programmable Gate Array and sufficient multi-gigabit transceivers, cannot only achieve system control and communication with the Front-End Link eXchange, but also provide additional processing or readout capacity.