bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-Related Increase of Collagen/Fibrin Deposition and High PAI-1 Production in Human Nasal Polyps
Authors: Jo Ara , Choi Tae Gyu , Han Jung Yeon , Tabor Mark H. , Kolliputi Narasaiah , Lockey Richard F. , Cho Seong H. 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Our previous studies showed an age-related increased prevalence of nasal polyps (NP) and reduced production of S100A8/9 in elderly patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with NP (CRSwNP). In this study, we investigated an unbiased age-related gene expression profile in CRSwNP subjects and healthy controls, and further identified the differences in their tissue remodeling.Methods: Microarrays using NP and uncinate tissues from health controls (elderly, age ≥65 vs. non-elderly, age 18–49) were performed, and differentially regulated genes were analyzed. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Immunostaining, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), trichrome staining, Western blot, and ELISA were performed for further investigation.Results: Microarrays identified differentially expressed genes according to disease and age; 278 in NP vs. controls, 75 in non-elderly NP vs. non-elderly controls, and 32 in elderly NP vs. elderly controls. qPCR confirmed that the PLAT gene was downregulated and the SERPINB2 gene upregulated in NP vs. controls. The serous glandular cell-derived antimicrobial protein/peptide-related genes such as BPIFB3, BPIFB2, LPO, and MUC7 were remarkably reduced in NP, regardless of age. SERPINE1 gene (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) expression was significantly increased in elderly NP versus elderly controls. IHC and western blot confirmed significantly decreased production of MUC7 and LPO in NP versus controls. There was a trend of age-related reduction of submucosal gland cells in normal controls. Trichrome and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated an age-related increase of collagen and fibrin deposition in NP, consistent with increased PAI-1 production.Conclusion: This study demonstrated age-related differential glandular remodeling patterns and fibrosis in NP and normal controls. PAI-1 expression was significantly increased in elderly NP versus elderly controls, suggesting PAI-1 as a potential treatment target in elderly NP.
The Role of General Attitudes and Perceptions Towards Vaccination on the Newly-Developed Vaccine: Results From a Survey on COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in China
Authors: Jing Rize , Fang Hai , Wang Hufeng , Wang Jiahao 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundVaccination has been considered one of the most effective public health interventions. In the context of the global epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it remains unclear what role general vaccination attitudes and perceptions have on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the impact of general attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination on the acceptance of a newly developed vaccine, taking COVID-19 vaccines as an example.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,013 Chinese adult participants. Generalized order logistic regression and path analysis models were used to analyze impacts of general attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.ResultsThe prevalence of hesitancy to vaccination in general is 49.9% among the Chinese adult population. General perceptions of vaccination were associated with corresponding perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. A “no hesitancy” attitude toward vaccination is a significant determinant (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.36–2.31) of future COVID-19 vaccination compared to vaccine refusers, and perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine remain a significant determinant for the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Path analysis indicates that perceptions of the importance and safety of vaccination have a positive overall effect on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, and that general perceptions of vaccination as a whole on each measure indirectly influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine.ConclusionGeneral attitudes and perceptions toward vaccination were associated with those of the COVID-19 vaccine and future vaccination intention. To prepare for possible emergence of diseases in the future, routine health campaigns should be launched by relevant government departments and vaccination authorities to enhance the overall awareness and knowledge of vaccination among the public and to ensure optimal vaccination experience. In addition, targeted knowledge dissemination and mass mobilizations should be urged for newly developed vaccines when some specific infectious diseases emerge, such as COVID-19 at present.
Worldwide Occurrence of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders and Its Associated Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zenebe Yosef , Necho Mogesie , Yimam Wondwosen , Akele Baye 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are common in people living with HIV/AIDS and affect the adherence of patients to prescriptions, activities of daily living, and quality of life of patients. However, there is a lack of summative evidence in the area. The present meta-analysis was therefore addressing this gap.MethodsWe did our electronic search in Psych-Info, EMBASE, Scopus, and PubMed. The retrieved articles were stored with the endnote reference manager and data was extracted using Meta-XL version 5.3. The quality of studies was evaluated with the modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). A random-effect model and STATA-16 were used to compute the average estimate of HAND. Heterogeneity was weighed with I2 statistics. A sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were employed. The existence/nonexistence of a publication bias was checked with the Eggers test of publication bias.ResultsThe average prevalence of HAND was 50.41% (95% CI: 45.56, 55.26). The average estimate of HAND in Europe was found to be 50.015% whereas in Africa, Asia, and the United States of America (USA) it was 49.566, 52.032, and 50.407% respectively. The prevalence of HAND in studies that used the HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS) was 36.883% and 59.956% at cutoff points of IHDS &lt;9.5 and IHDS &lt;10 respectively. Besides, the estimated average of HAND with the global dementia scale (GDS) was 40.766%. The prevalence of HAND in cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies was 49.52, 54.087, and 44.45% in that order. Socio-demographic variables; low level of education and older age, clinical and HIV related variables; the advanced stage of the illness and CD4 count of 500 cells/dl or less and psychological variables such as comorbidity of depression increases the risk of HAND.ConclusionThe prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders was about 50.41%. Low level of education and older age, clinical and HIV related variables such as the advanced stage of the illness and CD4 count of 500 cells/dl or less, and comorbidity of depression were associated with HIV associated neurocognitive disorders. Public health interventions for HIV patients should target these essential problems.
Group Mindfulness-Integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy (MiCBT) Reduces Depression and Anxiety and Improves Flourishing in a Transdiagnostic Primary Care Sample Compared to Treatment-as-Usual: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Francis Sarah E. B. , Shawyer Frances , Cayoun Bruno , Enticott Joanne , Meadows Graham N. 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThis study investigated the effectiveness of a group-based 8-week intervention, Mindfulness-integrated Cognitive Behavior Therapy (MiCBT), to decrease psychological distress and increase wellbeing in a heterogeneous population in primary health care. MiCBT focuses on the importance of interoception and its interaction with cognition in emotional experience. These interactions are represented in the co-emergence model of reinforcement, in which non-reactivity (equanimity) to interoceptive signals facilitates adaptive behavior.MethodsParticipants (n = 125, aged 20–72) were randomized to two groups (MiCBT), and treatment-as-usual (TAU). Outcomes were assessed at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was psychological distress, measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Secondary outcome measures were the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10 (K10), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Flourishing Scale (FS). Mediator or process measures of interoceptive awareness, metacognitive awareness (decentering), equanimity, and social functioning were included to investigate putative mediators.ResultsThe MiCBT intervention significantly reduced DASS-21 scores at mid and post-treatment and the gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up (p &lt; 0.0001, d = 0.38). Flourishing scores also showed significant improvement post-treatment and at 6-month follow-up (d = 0.24, p &lt; 0.0001). All measures selected showed a similar pattern of positive change, with the exception of the SWLS, which failed to reach significance. Mediation analysis suggested equanimity to be the most influential mediator of the primary outcome.ConclusionsThe results support the effectiveness of MiCBT in creating rapid and sustainable reduction of psychological distress and improvement in flourishing in a primary mental health care setting with heterogenous groups. These promising results support the scaled-up implementation of this intervention.Clinical Trial RegistrationThis trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12617000061336.
Longitudinal Patterns of Suicidality Among Heroin Users in Johannesburg, South Africa: A Need for Suicide Screening and Intervention
Authors: Morgan Nirvana , Denton Ellen-ge , Subramaney Ugasvaree , Daniels William , Steinert Tilman 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to longitudinally assess the outcomes and correlates of suicidal ideation and behavior (SIB) among heroin users who attended inpatient detoxification and psychosocial rehabilitation. SIB was assessed in 300 heroin users upon entry into inpatient detoxification (baseline) as well as 3-months (t1) (n = 252; 84%) and 9-months (t2) (n = 225; 75%) post treatment. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the demographic, clinical and treatment related factors that increased the risk for a high SIB score.ResultsFrom baseline to t1 there was a significant decrease in the proportion of those who endorsed SIB (68.7 vs. 38.9%, p &lt; 0.0001). There was an increase in the proportion of those who endorsed SIB from t1 to t2 (38,9 vs. 47.1%, p = 0.047). There was a significant increase in the proportion of those reporting suicide likely in the near future from baseline to t1 (8.7 vs. 16.3%: p &lt; 0.0049) and this was repeated from t1 to t2 (22.7%) (t1 vs. t2: p = 0.031). After controlling for all other variables, a comorbid mental illness (MI) at baseline was a significant independent risk factor for a high SIB score at t1(RR 1.63; 95% CL 1.30–2.03) (p &lt; 0.0001) and a comorbid MI at t1 increased the risk for a high SIB score at t2 (RR 2.73; 95% CL 1.78–4.19) (p &lt; 0.0001). A poorer general health score and poorer social functioning score at baseline were associated with a high SIB score at baseline (RR 1.02; 95% CL 1.01–1.04) (p = 0.001) and t2, respectively (RR 1.07; 95% CL 1.04–1.11) (p &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionsAmong heroin users, a comorbid mental illness, poorer physical health and poorer social functioning are important factors to consider in suicide risk assessment. Although there were decreases in overall SIB 3 months after detoxification, this trend was not sustained at 9-month follow-up. After detoxification there were significant increases in the proportion of those reporting a likelihood of suicide in the following 3 months. The results suggests that the treatment exposure did not adequately mitigate suicide risk. There is a need for review of the treatment as well as targeted screening and management of SIB in heroin users attending treatment services.
Uric Acid and Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Guo Yicong , Liu Siyue , Xu Huilan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe relationship between uric acid (UA) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains ambiguous, and the results of current studies on the UA levels in patients with DR are conflicting. A meta-analysis was performed to provide a better understanding of the relationship between UA levels and DR.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched until December 11, 2021 to identify eligible studies, that compared the UA levels of the case group (patients with DR) and control group (controls with diabetes and healthy participants). The weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the difference in UA levels between the case and control groups.ResultsTwenty-one studies involving 4,340 patients with DR and 8,595 controls (8,029 controls with diabetes and 566 healthy participants) were included in this meta-analysis. We found that patients with DR had significantly higher UA levels than those in the controls with diabetes (WMD = 36.28; 95% CI: 15.68, 56.89; P &lt; 0.001) and healthy participants (WMD = 70.80; 95% CI: 19.85, 121.75; P = 0.006). There was an obvious heterogeneity among the 21 studies (I2 = 97%, P &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analyses of different phases of DR showed that UA levels were significantly increased in participants with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (WMD = 46.57; 95% CI: 28.51, 64.63; P &lt; 0.001) than in controls with diabetes; however, the difference is not statistically significant when comparing UA levels in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and controls with diabetes (WMD = 22.50; 95% CI: −6.07, 51.08; P = 0.120). In addition, UA levels were higher in participants with a body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 and over 15 years of diabetes. Univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that BMI (P = 0.007, Adj R2 = 40.12%) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P = 0.040, Adj R2 = 29.72%) contributed to between-study heterogeneity.ConclusionsIn conclusion, our study provides evidence that UA levels are higher in patients with DR than those in the controls, but this difference is not statistically significant in the early phases. UA might be a potential biomarker for identifying disease severity in patients with DR, rather than predicting the onset of DR among patients with diabetes. However, more prospective and high-quality clinical evidence is required to confirm these present findings.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=297708.
Telerehabilitation as a Method for Achieving Competencies in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Residency Training in a Developing Country: A Protocol for a Pilot Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Leochico Carl Froilan D. , Carlos Frances Ann B. , Tiangco Anna Cecilia S. A. , Supnet Isabella E. , Ignacio Sharon D. , Mojica Jose Alvin P. , Rey-Matias Reynaldo R. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundIn the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) residents in a developing country continue to face a lack of in-person clinical exposure and learning opportunities. With the unprecedented shift to virtual care, it remains uncertain whether residents can achieve PRM competencies using telerehabilitation as a method of instruction.ObjectiveTo determine the PRM residents' ability to achieve competencies through telerehabilitation, as perceived by different stakeholders (residents, chief residents, training officers, and department heads).MethodsThis will be a pilot mixed-methods study, employing concurrent triangulation, in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine in one large private medical center and one large government hospital in Manila, Philippines. There will be two phases of online data collection upon approval by their respective research ethics board. The first phase will involve an online Likert-scale questionnaire to obtain the residents' self-perceived attainment of competencies and learning of PRM topics and skills specified by the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and the Philippine Board of Rehabilitation Medicine. The results of the survey will then be summarized and presented in a focus group discussion (FGD) with the department heads, training officers, and chief residents of the two institutions in an attempt to explain the residents' perceptions on their competencies achieved through virtual care. Afterwards, the qualitative data obtained from the FGD will then be thematically analyzed, and mixed methods integration will be employed to generate knowledge and recommendations.DiscussionIt is hypothesized that the majority of the residents had little to no experience with telerehabilitation pre-pandemic. Suddenly telerehabilitation was used to augment clinical training during the pandemic. It is uncertain whether telerehabilitation can help residents achieve competencies in the different domains of training, namely: patient safety and quality patient care; medical knowledge and procedural skills; interpersonal and communication skills; practice- and systems-based learning and improvement; reintegration of people with disabilities into the society; medical ethics and public health; quality assurance; policies of care and prevention for disabled people; and professionalism. The study results can provide insights on the aspects of a PRM curriculum that may have to be modified to ensure the training program is sensitive and appropriate to the changing training needs of the residents amid the pandemic and similar crises that may disrupt in-person clinical encounters in the future.
Assessment of Mitochondrial Function and Oxygen Consumption Measured During Ex Vivo Normothermic Machine Perfusion of Injured Pig Kidneys Helps to Monitor Organ Viability
Authors: Hunter James P. , Faro Letizia Lo , Rozenberg Kaithlyn , Dengu Fungai , Ogbemudia Anne , Weissenbacher Annemarie , Mulvey John F. , Knijff Laura , Gopalakrishnan Kishore , Ploeg Rutger J. 
Published: May 2022

Donor kidney assessment may improve organ utilisation. Normothermic Machine Perfusion (NMP) has the potential to facilitate this advance. The mechanism of action is not yet determined and we aimed to assess mitochondrial function during NMP. Anaesthetised pigs (n = 6) had one kidney clamped for 60 min. The healthy contralateral kidney was removed and underwent NMP for 8 h (healthy control (HC), n = 6). Following 60 min warm ischaemia the injured kidney underwent HMP for 24 h, followed by NMP for 8 h (n = 6). Mitochondria were extracted from fresh tissue for analysis. Injured kidneys were analysed as two separate groups (IMa, n = 3 and IMb, n = 3). Renal resistance was higher (0.39ï, ± 0.29 vs. 1.65ï, ± 0.85; p = 0.01) and flow was lower (55ï, ± 28 vs. 7ï, ± 4; p = 0.03) during HMP in IMb than IMa. NMP blood flow was higher in IMa versus IMb (2-way ANOVA; p &lt; 0.001) After 60 min NMP, O2 consumption was significantly lower in IMb versus IMa (p ≤ 0.002). State-3 respiration was significantly different between the groups (37ï, ± 19 vs. 24ï, ± 14 vs. 10ï, ± 8; nmolO2/min/mg; p = 0.049). Lactate levels were significantly lower in IMa versus IMb (p = 0.028). Mitochondrial respiration levels during NMP may be suggestive of kidney viability. Oxygen consumption, renal blood flow and lactate can differentiate severity of kidney injury during NMP.
Evaluation of Seaway Passenger Transportation in Kocaeli Bay, By Using the Methods of Analytic Hierarchy Process and Analytic Network Process
Authors: AYDIN Zafer , ALKAN Güler 
Published: May 2022

Municipalities are in charge of running and managing public transport activities. This study aims to identify the factors affecting seaway passenger transportation via scheduled high-speed sea buses, motorboats, and cityline from 11 points in Kocaeli Bay. To provide sea transportation service in Kocaeli at a sustainable cost, which is the legal obligation of Metropolitan Municipalities, framing the current transportation system as a whole in the light of these factors is another objective.
In today’s rapidly changing world, the criteria may quickly change over time. Many primary and secondary criteria affect public transportation systems. Therefore, it would be appropriate to use multi-criteria decision-making methods while dealing with Public Transport systems. In addition to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, it would be appropriate to use the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method, which is a structure that examines the interaction between criteria and allows systematic revealing of all types of dependencies and feedback between factors and sub-factors affecting the decision-making process. In the study, the results obtained by AHP and ANP methods were compared and evaluated, in order to determine the optimal alternative for the seaway passenger transportation in Kocaeli Bay to be economical, sustainable and continuous.
Hemogram and Morphological Types of Anemia in Patients with Acаntholytic Pemphigus of Varying Severity
Authors: Гасымова А.Р. 
Published: May 2022

Материалы и методы. Обследованы 21 пациент с акантолитической пузырчаткой и 15 практически здоровых лиц. Возраст пациентов составил 47,5±3,7 года, мужчин – 11 (52,4%), женщин – 10 (47,6%). Оценка степени тяжести АП проведена по индексу V.K. Mahajan. В клиническом анализе крови определяли гемоглобин, гематокрит, количество эритроцитов и эритроцитарные индексы – MCV, МСН, МСНС.
Materials and methods. 21 patients with acantholytic pemphigus and 15 practically healthy individuals were examined. The age of the patients was 47.5±3.7 years, men – 11 (52.4%), women – 10 (47.6%). Assessment of the severity of AP was carried out according to the V.K. Mahajan index. In a clinical blood test, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count and erythrocyte indices – MCV, MCH, MCHC were determined.
Minimally Invasive Approach in Orthopedic Treatment of Patients with Dental Abrasion
Authors: Соломон О. , Дворник Д. , Зуев В. , Оинягрэ В. , Факира А. , Русу В. , Пынтя В. 
Published: May 2022

В статье описывается часто встречающаяся патология с преимущественным поражением зубочелюстного аппарата, которая имеет многофакторную этиологию и клинически проявляется такими формами, как истирание, атриция, эрозия и абфракция. Поэтапно описаны методы диагностики 98 пациентов; у 74 человек (76%) зарегистрированастираемость зубов, из них 33 пациента – мужчины (45%), 41 пациент – женщины (55%). Соотношение женщин и мужчин составило 1:1,2. В статье поэтапно описана методика лечения, представленная в дополнение клиническим случаем.
The article describes a common pathology with a primary lesion of the dentition, which has a multifactorial etiology and is clinically manifested by such forms as abrasion, abrasion, erosion and abfraction.Methods of diagnostics of 98 patients are described step by step; 74 people (76%) had tooth wear, of which 33 patients were men (45%), 41 patients were women (55%). The ratio of women and men was 1:1.2. The article describes in stages the method of treatment, presented in addition to the clinical case.