bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Assessment of the Safety of Surgery and Hardware Placement in de-novo Spinal Infections. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature
Authors: Pluemer Jonathan , Freyvert Yevgeniy , Pratt Nathan , Robinson Jerry E , Cooke Jared A , Tataryn Zachary L , Godolias Periklis , Daher Zeyad A , Oskouian Rod J. , Chapman Jens R. 
Published: December 2022

Objectives Primary objectives were outcomes comparison of instrumented surgery used for de-novo spinal infections in terms of infection recurrence, reoperations, primary failure, mortality, and length of stay relative to non-instrumented surgery. Secondary objectives were outcomes for surgical and non-surgical treatment of de-novo spinal infections regarding recurrence of infection, mortality, quality of life, and length-of-stay. Methods A systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed database. Studies comparing outcome variables of patients with de-novo spinal infections (DNSI) treated with and without instrumentation and surgical versus non-surgical treatment were included. Studies primarily focusing on epidural abscesses or non-de-novo infections were excluded. A meta-analysis was performed for infection recurrence, reoperation, primary treatment failure, mortality, and quality-of-life parameters. Results A total of 17 retrospective studies with 2.069 patients met the inclusion criteria. 1.378 patients received surgical treatment with or without instrumentation; 676 patients were treated non-surgically. For the comparison of instrumented to non-instrumented surgery Odds-Ratios were .98 (P = .95) for infection recurrence, .83 (P = .92) for primary failure, .53 (P = .02) for mortality and .32 (P = .05) for reoperation. For the comparison of non-surgical to surgical treatment, Odds-Ratios were .98 (P = .95) for infection recurrence, and 1.05 (P = .89) for mortality. Conclusion Available data support that instrumented surgery can be performed safely without higher rates of infection recurrence or primary failure and lower reoperation and mortality rates compared to nonsurgical treatment for DNSI. Furthermore, spine surgical treatment may generally be performed without higher risk of infection recurrence and mortality and better quality-of-life outcomes compared to generic non-surgical treatment.
The premonitory phase of migraine is due to hypothalamic dysfunction: revisiting the evidence
Authors: Gollion Cedric , De Icco Roberto , Dodick David W. , Ashina Hakan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo critically appraise the evidence for and against premonitory symptoms in migraine being due to hypothalamic dysfunction.DiscussionSome premonitory symptoms (e.g. fatigue, mood changes, yawning, and food craving) are associated with the physiologic effects of neurotransmitters such as orexins, neuropeptide Y, and dopamine; all of which are expressed in hypothalamic neurons. In rodents, electrophysiologic recordings have shown that these neurotransmitters modulate nociceptive transmission at the level of second-order neurons in the trigeminocervical complex (TCC). Additional insights have been gained from neuroimaging studies that report hypothalamic activation during the premonitory phase of migraine. However, the available evidence is limited by methodologic issues, inconsistent reporting, and a lack of adherence to ICHD definitions of premonitory symptoms (or prodromes) in human experimental studies.ConclusionsThe current trend to accept that premonitory symptoms are due to hypothalamic dysfunction might be premature. More rigorously designed studies are needed to ascertain whether the neurobiologic basis of premonitory symptoms is due to hypothalamic dysfunction or rather reflects modulatory input to the trigeminovascular system from several cortical and subcortical areas. On a final note, the available epidemiologic data raises questions as to whether the existence of premonitory symptoms and even more so a distinct premonitory phase is a true migraine phenomenon.Graphical AbstractVideo recording of the debate held at the 1st International Conference on Advances in Migraine Sciences (ICAMS 2022, Copenhagen, Denmark) is available at:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4Y2x0Hr4Q8.
Measurements of Antibacterial Activity of Seed Crude Extracts in Cultivated Rice and Wild Oryza Species
Authors: Yoshida Yuri , Nosaka-T Misuzu , Yoshikawa Takanori , Sato Yutaka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeeds are continuously exposed to a wide variety of microorganisms in the soil. In addition, seeds contain large amounts of carbon and nitrogen sources that support initial growth after germination. Thus, seeds in the soil can easily promote microbial growth, and seeds are susceptible to decay. Therefore, seed defense against microorganisms is important for plant survival. Seed-microbe interactions are also important issues from the perspective of food production, in seed quality and shelf life. However, seed-microbe interactions remain largely unexplored. In this study, we established a simple and rapid assay system for the antibacterial activity of rice seed crude extracts by colorimetric quantification methods by the reduction of tetrazolium compound. Using this experimental system, the diversity of effects of rice seed extracts on microbial growth was analyzed usingEscherichia colias a bacterial model. We used collections of cultivated rice, comprising 50 accessions of Japanese landraces, 52 accessions of world rice core collections, and of 30 wildOryzaaccessions. Furthermore, we attempted to find genetic factors responsible for the diversity by genome-wide association analysis. Our results demonstrate that this experimental system can easily analyze the effects of seed extracts on bacterial growth. It also suggests that there are various compounds in rice seeds that affect microbial growth. Overall, this experimental system can be used to clarify the chemical entities and genetic control of seed-microbe interactions and will open the door for understanding the diverse seed-microbe interactions through metabolites.
Changes in microbial community structure and co-metabolism during the domestication of ofloxacin-degrading bacteria
Authors: Li Yanhong , Zhang Jing , Sha Naiqing , Tang Shen , Peng Yuqing , Zhao Yao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Ofloxacin (OFL) is stable and difficult to degrade. It has been detected in water, soil, and plants throughout the world. This study domesticated OFL-contaminated livestock manure soil with simplified carbon sources to identify flora capable of effectively degrading OFL. The changes in the structural composition and diversity of the microbial community and the functional abundance of the soil flora were analyzed by metagenome sequencing technology. The Biolog-ECO microplate method was used to study the utilization of 31 different carbon sources by selected bacteria and to identify the best co-metabolized carbon source for degradation.

Results
Amino acid carbon sources were more likely to cause significant changes in community structures with increasing OFL concentrations during the acclimation stage. The abundance of Sphingobacterium decreased from 69.23% to 9.84%, while Alcaligenes increased from 0.27% to 62.79%, and Stenotrophomonas increased from 11.63% to 33.33%, becoming the dominant genus. The results suggested that Stenotrophomonas and Alcaligenes were potential candidate bacteria for the degradation of quinolone antibiotics, such as OFL. Compared with the first stage of acclimation, there was an 87% increase (the concentration was 30 mg·L−1) in the OFL degradation rate by functional flora obtained by gradient acclimation, and the functional abundance of the microbial community also increased and stabilized with the depth of the domestication process. The most significant changes in membrane transport were observed in the functional abundance of the microbial community, and it was found that itaconic acid, Tween 80, and L-aspartic acid could increase the biomass of the microbial community under OFL stress.

Conclusion
Significant changes in the bacterial composition and functional abundance of the microbial community resulted from the addition of amino acid carbon sources, together with the OFL concentration. Functional flora resulting from domestication were better able to degrade OFL. The addition of a co-metabolic carbon source significantly enhanced the biomass of the functional flora. In this study, co-metabolism was performed by adding specific carbon sources, thus achieving metabolic diversity of functional flora and ultimately efficient biodegradation of OFL. This was an important discovery in the field of microbial remediation of environmental contamination.
The human immune cell simulated anti-breast cancer nanorobot: the efficient, traceable, and dirigible anticancer bio-bot
Authors: Seyedi Seyed Mohammad Reza , Asoodeh Ahmad , Darroudi Majid 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Various types of cancer therapy strategies have been investigated and successfully applied so far. There are a few modern strategies for improving drug selectivity and biocompatibility, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. Herein, we designed the traceable enzyme-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles to target human breast cancer cells by simulating the innate immune cell’s respiratory explosion response.

Methods
The human immune cell simulated anti-breast cancer-nanorobot (hisABC-NB) was produced by conjugating the mouse-derived iNOS and human-originated MPO enzymes on the folate-linked chitosan-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were functionalized with folic acid as the breast cancer cell detector. Then, the hisABC-NB’s stability and structural properties were characterized by studying Zeta-potential, XRD, FTIR, VSM, FESEM, and DLS analysis. Next, the selectivity and anti-tumor activity of the hisABC-NB were comparatively analyzed on both normal (MCF-10) and cancerous (MCF-7) human breast cells by analyzing the cells’ survival, apoptotic gene expression profile (P53, BAX, BCL2), and flow cytometry data. Finally, the hisABC-NB’s traceability was detected by T2-weighted MRI imaging on the balb-c breast tumor models.

Results
The hisABC-NB significantly reduced the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis response and arresting the cell cycle at the G2/M phase compared with the normal cell type (MCF-10). Moreover, the hisABC-NB exhibited a proper MRI contrast at the tumor region of treated mice compared with the non-treated type, which approved their appropriate MRI-mediated traceability.

Conclusion
The hisABC-NB’s traceability, dirigibility, and selective cytotoxicity were approved, which are the three main required factors for an efficient anticancer compound. Therefore, it has the potential to be used as an intelligent safe anticancer agent for human breast cancer treatment. However, several in vitro and in vivo studies are required to clarify its selectivity, stability, and safety.
Association between gut microbiota and longevity: a genetic correlation and mendelian randomization study
Authors: He Dan , Liu Li , Zhang Zhen , Yang Xuena , Jia Yumeng , Wen Yan , Cheng Shiqiang , Meng Peilin , Li Chun’e , Zhang Huijie , Pan Chuyu , Zhang Feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Longevity is one of the most complex phenotypes, and its genetic basis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the genetic correlation and potential causal association between gut microbiota and longevity.

Results
Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression analysis and a bi-directional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis were performed to analyze gut microbiota and longevity-related traits. LDSC analysis detected four candidate genetic correlations, including Veillonella (genetic correlation = 0.5578, P = 4.67 × 10− 2) and Roseburia (genetic correlation = 0.4491, P = 2.67 × 10− 2) for longevity, Collinsella (genetic correlation = 0.3144, P = 4.07 × 10− 2) for parental lifespan and Sporobacter (genetic correlation = 0.2092, P = 3.53 × 10− 2) for healthspan. Further MR analysis observed suggestive causation between Collinsella and parental longevity (father’s age at death) (weighted median: b = 1.79 × 10− 3, P = 3.52 × 10− 2). Reverse MR analysis also detected several causal effects of longevity-related traits on gut microbiota, such as longevity and Sporobacter (IVW: b = 7.02 × 10− 1, P = 4.21 × 10− 25). Statistical insignificance of the heterogeneity test and pleiotropy test supported the validity of the MR study.

Conclusion
Our study found evidence that gut microbiota is causally associated with longevity, or vice versa, providing novel clues for understanding the roles of gut microbiota in aging development.
An uncharacterized protein NY1 targets EAT1 to regulate anther tapetum development in polyploid rice
Authors: Kamara Nabieu , Lu Zijun , Jiao Yamin , Zhu Lianjun , Wu Jinwen , Chen Zhixiong , Wang Lan , Liu Xiangdong , Shahid Muhammad Qasim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Autotetraploid rice is a useful germplasm for the breeding of polyploid rice; however, low fertility is a major hindrance for its utilization. Neo-tetraploid rice with high fertility was developed from the crossing of different autotetraploid rice lines. Our previous research showed that the mutant (ny1) of LOC_Os07g32406 (NY1), which was generated by CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out in neo-tetraploid rice, showed low pollen fertility, low seed set, and defective chromosome behavior during meiosis. However, the molecular genetic mechanism underlying the fertility remains largely unknown.

Results
Here, cytological observations of the NY1 mutant (ny1) indicated that ny1 exhibited abnormal tapetum and middle layer development. RNA-seq analysis displayed a total of 5606 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ny1 compared to wild type (H1) during meiosis, of which 2977 were up-regulated and 2629 were down-regulated. Among the down-regulated genes, 16 important genes associated with tapetal development were detected, including EAT1, CYP703A3, CYP704B2, DPW, PTC1, OsABCG26, OsAGO2, SAW1, OsPKS1, OsPKS2, and OsTKPR1. The mutant of EAT1 was generated by CRISPR/Cas9 that showed abnormal tapetum and pollen wall formation, which was similar to ny1. Moreover, 478 meiosis-related genes displayed down-regulation at same stage, including 9 important meiosis-related genes, such as OsREC8, OsSHOC1, SMC1, SMC6a and DCM1, and their expression levels were validated by qRT-PCR.

Conclusions
Taken together, these results will aid in identifying the key genes associated with pollen fertility, which offered insights into the molecular mechanism underlying pollen development in tetraploid rice.
Burdens on caregivers of patients with stroke during a pandemic: relationships with support satisfaction, psychological distress, and fear of COVID-19
Authors: Liu Chieh-hsiu , Chen Yi-Jung , Chen Jung-Sheng , Fan Chia-Wei , Hsieh Meng-Tsang , Lin Chung-Ying , Pakpour Amir H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCaregivers have faced unprecedented circumstances throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but previous research only minimally addresses the caregivers' burden. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between caregiver burden, psychological stress, satisfaction with support, and fear of COVID-19 in caregivers of patients with stroke during the pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study with total of 171 caregivers of patients with stroke in a community hospital in Taiwan. All participants completed the Zarit Burden Interview, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21), satisfaction of support survey, and Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Pearson correlations were used to examine the bivariate correlations between study variables. Then, with the control of demographic confounders, a multiple linear regression model was applied with significant variables to construct and explain caregiver burden.ResultsThe proposed model significantly explained the caregiver burden of caregivers of patients with stroke. Specifically, the caregiver burden was negatively correlated with satisfaction with family support, but positively with psychological distress and the fear of COVID-19.ConclusionsCaregivers of patients with stroke will suffer a greater burden if they have lower satisfaction with family support, experienced higher psychological distress, and perceived more fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health professionals must address these concerns, support caregivers, and enhance available resources.
Classifying caesarean section to understand rising rates among Palestinian refugees: results from 290,047 electronic medical records across five settings
Authors: Jamaluddine Zeina , Paolucci Gloria , Ballout Ghada , Al-Fudoli Hussam , Day Louise T. , Seita Akihiro , Campbell Oona M. R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundRising caesarean-section rates worldwide are driven by non-medically indicated caesarean-sections. A systematic review concluded that the ten-group classification system (Robson) is the most appropriate for assessing drivers of caesarean deliveries. Evidence on the drivers of caesarean-section rates from conflict-affected settings is scarce. This study examines caesareans-section rates among Palestinian refugees by seven-group classification, compares to WHO guidelines, and to rates in the host settings, and estimates the costs of high rates.MethodsElectronic medical records of 290,047 Palestinian refugee women using UNRWA’s (United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East) antenatal service from 2017–2020 in five settings (Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, West Bank, Gaza) were used. We modified Robson criteria to compare rates within each group with WHO guidelines. The host setting data were extracted from publicly available reports. Data on costs came from UNRWA’s accounts.FindingsPalestinian refugees in Gaza had the lowest caesarean-section rates (22%), followed by those residing in Jordan (28%), West Bank (30%), Lebanon (50%) and Syria (64%). The seven groups caesarean section classification showed women with previous caesarean-sections contributed the most to overall rates. Caesarean-section rates were substantially higher than the WHO guidelines, and excess caesarean-sections (2017–2020) were modelled to cost up to 6.8 million USD. We documented a steady increase in caesarean-section rates in all five settings for refugee and host communities; refugee rates paralleled or were below those in their host country.InterpretationCaesarean-section rates exceed recommended guidance within most groups. The high rates in the nulliparous groups will drive future increases as they become multiparous women with a previous caesarean-section and in turn, face high caesarean rates. Our analysis helps suggest targeted and tailored strategies to reduce caesarean-section rates in priority groups (among low-risk women) organized by those aimed at national governments, and UNRWA, and those aimed at health-care providers.
Performance of Sonoelastography for predicting malignancy in soft tissue
Authors: Bodard Sylvain , Lassalle Louis , Larousserie Frédérique , Guinebert Sylvain , Hacquart Thomas , Campagna Raphael , Biau David , Regnard Noreddine , Feydy Antoine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Separating benign from malignant soft-tissue masses often requires a biopsy. The objective of this study was to assess whether shear-wave elastography (SWE) helped to separate benign from malignant soft-tissue masses.

Methods
In 2015–2016, we prospectively included patients with soft-tissue masses deemed by our multidisciplinary sarcoma board to require a diagnostic biopsy. All patients underwent ultrasonography (US) followed by SWE to measure elasticity. We compared benign and malignant tumors, overall and after separating tumors with vs. without a fatty component. The biopsy findings, and surgical-specimen histology when available, served as the reference standard.

Results
We included 136 patients, 99 with non-fatty and 37 with fatty soft-tissue masses. Mean elasticity and tumor-to-fat elasticity ratio (T/F) values were significantly lower for the benign than the malignant soft-tissue masses in the overall cohort (30.9 vs. 50.0 kilopascals (kPa), P = 0.03; and 2.55 vs. 4.30, P = 0.046) and in the non-fatty subgroup (37.8 ± 31.9 vs. 58.9 ± 39.1 kPa, P = 0.049 and 2.89 ± 5.25 vs. 5.07 ± 5.41, P = 0.046). Data for fatty tumors were non relevant due to lack of conclusive results. By receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, a T/F cutoff of 3.5 had 46% sensitivity and 84% specificity for separating benign and malignant soft-tissue masses.

Conclusions
SWE had good specificity and poor sensitivity for separating benign from malignant soft-tissue masses.
Phase I prospective trial of TAS-102 (trifluridine and tipiracil) and radioembolization with 90Y resin microspheres for chemo-refractory colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Fidelman Nicholas , Atreya Chloe E. , Griffith Madeline , Milloy M. Alexandra , Carnevale Julia , Cinar Pelin , Venook Alan P. , Van Loon Katherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Extrahepatic disease progression limits clinical efficacy of Yttrium-90 (90Y) radioembolization (TARE) for patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Trifluridine and tipiracil (TAS-102) has overall survival benefit for patients with refractory mCRC and may be a radiosensitizer.

Methods
Sequential lobar TARE using 90Y resin microspheres in combination with TAS-102 in 28-day cycles were used to treat adult patients with bilobar liver-dominant chemo-refractory mCRC according to 3 + 3 dose escalation design with a 12-patient dose expansion cohort. Study objectives were to establish safety and determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of TAS-102 in combination with TARE.

Results
A total of 21 patients (14 women, 7 men) with median age of 60 years were enrolled. No dose limiting toxicities were observed. Treatment related severe adverse events included cytopenias (10 patients, 48%) and radioembolization-induced liver disease (2 patients, 10%). Disease control rate in the liver lobes treated with TARE was 100%. Best observed radiographic responses were partial response for 4 patients (19%) and stable disease for 12 patients (57%).

Conclusions
The combination of TAS-102 and TARE for patients with liver-dominant mCRC is safe and consistently achieves disease control within the liver.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02602327 (first posted 11/11/2015).