bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Cessation Outcomes Among Older Adult Smokers Enrolled in a Proactive Tobacco Quitline Intervention
Authors: Fahey Margaret C. , Talcott Wayne G. , Robinson Leslie A. , Mallawaarachchi Indika , Klesges Robert C. , Little Melissa A. 
Published: May 2022

Objectives To identify predictors of older adults’ likelihood of quitting following engagement in a proactive tobacco quit line. Methods Older (>60 years) participants ( N = 186) enrolled in a four-session quit line with 8-weeks of nicotine replacement therapy reported demographics, beliefs, and information about tobacco use. Point prevalence abstinence was reported at 3 and 12-months. Results In final models, endorsement of quitting to take control of one’s life and confidence in quitting were positively associated with 3-month cessation (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.16, 2.62; OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.21, 2.52, respectively). At 12 months, stronger endorsement of quitting to take control of one’s life and decreased nicotine dependence were associated with higher cessation (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.05, 2.17; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71,0.99, respectively). Discussion For tobacco cessation among older adults, programs should provide additional support to those with higher nicotine dependence, promote quitting self-efficacy, and encourage quitting as means to gain control of life and health.
Critical care nurses’ experiences on dishonesty: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Negarandeh Reza , Khoobi Mitra , Ahmadihedayat Majid , Marks Dougie 
Published: May 2022

Background: Providing information to patients is an essential aspect of care. The way in which such information is transmitted is also important and is affected by different variables. The perceptions of dishonest nursing staff have not been sufficiently discussed to date. Aim: The purpose is to explore the reasons for dishonesty in transmitting information to patients. Design and Method: In this qualitative content analysis study, data were collected using semi-structured interviews with Twelve Iranian Critical Care Nurses from January 2020 till August 2020. Data were analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundman approach. Ethical consideration: The research protocol was authorized by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Sciences University of Tehran (Register number: 95-04-99-33485). Results: The findings indicated that dishonesty in giving information to the patients has many reasons. Although lying is not compatible with ethical care, working conditions sometimes forced nurses to hide the truth. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses believed honesty was an integral aspect of professional practice, but situational specifics have an effect on whether the truth is told or withheld. Finally, the nurses noticed a big gap between what they want to tell and what they were doing in practice.
Predictors of Pharmacotherapy and Quality of Life Among Patients With Diabetic Foot Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in India
Authors: Pasangha E. , George B. , Bhuvana K. B. , Padmini D. 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess the patterns and predictors of pharmacotherapy and QOL in DFS patients in an Indian tertiary care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among inpatients with DFS. Data on sociodemographic and clinical factors, pharmacotherapy, clinical outcomes, and QOL were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent sample t-test, and binary logistic regression. Results: We screened 3284 inpatients and included consecutive 87 (2.7%) DFS patients. The mean age was 56.08 ± 11.05 years, with a male preponderance (75.8%). Mean HbA1c was 9.9 ± 2.483. About 75% of patients received insulin, and polypharmacy was noticed in 82.7%. About 67.8% of DFS patients had other vascular complications of diabetes, with diabetic retinopathy being the most common in 89%. Amputations were noticed in 32.1% of patients. Overall, poor QOL was seen in 79.3% of patients. The mean scores for different domains were as follows: physical, 41.51 ± 14.15; psychological, 42.90 ± 11.16; social relationships, 43.06 ± 19.36; and environment, 47.17 ± 13. The presence of complications from diabetes was a significant predictor of the utilization of antihypertensives (OR: 2.92, CI [1.09, 7.79], P = 0.03) and poor QOL (OR: 4.54, CI [0.965, 21.41], P = 0.05). Conclusion: DFS patients in this study were found to be younger with poor glycemic control and other vascular complications of diabetes. The presence of other complications of diabetes in DFS patients was found to be a predictor of pharmacotherapy and poor QOL.
A Randomized Double-Blind Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety Between Low-Dose Etoricoxib and Ibuprofen Coadministered with Low-Dose Paracetamol for Dental Pain
Authors: Saroj Kothari , Haresh Bansal , Yogendra Paharia 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of low-dose etoricoxib and low-dose paracetamol versus ibuprofen and low-dose paracetamol treatments in patients who experienced acute pain after tooth extraction. Methods: A total of 80 patients were recruited and randomized to two study groups, i.e., EP and IP. Group EP received etoricoxib 30 mg once a day and add-on paracetamol 325 mg eight-hourly, and Group IP received ibuprofen 400 mg and paracetamol 325 mg eight-hourly for three days. The analgesic efficacy was assessed by a visual analog scale, pain relief score, and global evaluation score. Patients were assessed at 0, 6, 24, 48, and 72 h. Safety was assessed by the patient’s estimation of the severity of adverse drug reactions using a 3-point scale and the type of adverse drug reactions reported by the patients after 72 h. Results: Mean pain intensity reduction, mean pain relief score, and global evaluation score all showed better analgesic efficacy results in Group EP as compared to Group IP but were not significant ( P > 0.05) at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. No patient had reported any serious adverse drug reaction in both the groups. Mild to moderate adverse reactions were reported in 20% cases in the IP group and 10% cases in the EP group; however, the incidence of GIT intolerance was seen in 17.5% of the cases in the IP group and none in the EP group. Conclusion: Low-dose etoricoxib with low-dose paracetamol has comparable analgesic efficacy with better safety than therapeutic dose ibuprofen and low-dose paracetamol.
Integration of alcohol and drug nurses into a mental health unit
Authors: Solar Ann M , Bennett Kellie , Hulse Gary 
Published: May 2022

Objective Test whether extra time with alcohol and drug nurses for inpatients at a Mental Health Unit (MHU) reduces post-discharge mental and co-occurring alcohol and drug problems and increases engagement in alcohol and drug treatment more than a Brief Information Pack (BIP). Method Single blind randomised control trial in block design compared two alcohol and drug nurse delivered interventions over 6 months post-discharge using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Brief Symptom Inventory index of overall psychological distress Global Severity Index (GSI). Results Alcohol and drug nurse delivered BIP was associated with a statistically significant reduction in AUDIT measured alcohol use for the highest follow-up score across the 6-month post-discharge period, n = 20, t = 2.24, p = 0.037, d = 0.50 and for the extra time intervention, n = 11, t = 2.51, p = 0.031, d = 0.76. Conclusions MHUs may benefit from the integration of alcohol and drug nurses with community alcohol and drug treatment experience.
Urban-Rural Differences in Children’s and Adolescent’s Physical Activity and Screen-Time Trends Across 15 Years
Authors: Nigg Carina , Weber Christoph , Schipperijn Jasper , Reichert Markus , Oriwol Doris , Worth Annette , Woll Alexander , Niessner Claudia 
Published: May 2022

Background Urban and rural areas have been experiencing major demographic and structural changes, characterized by an aging population in rural areas and a growth of cities in number and size. However, it is poorly researched how children’s physical activity and screen time developed in urban and rural areas. To address this deficit, we investigated physical activity and screen-time trends in Germany’s pediatric population across four urbanicity levels (rural, small town, medium-sized town, city). Method We obtained weighted data at three cross-sectional timepoints between 2003 and 2017, representative for Germany’s child and adolescent population. Physical activity and screen time were self-reported. We analyzed trends using a structural equation modeling framework for the overall sample and calculated interactions between the trends and age and gender, respectively. Results In total, 12,161 children and adolescents between 4 and 17 years participated in the study. Children and adolescents in rural areas experienced a downward trend in total physical activity. Outdoor play and leisure-time physical activity decreased across all areas, with the strongest decline in rural areas. Computer and gaming time increased across all areas except for cities, with the sharpest increase in rural areas. The decline in outdoor play and the incline in computer and gaming time were driven by adolescents. Females showed stronger increases in computer and gaming time than males. Conclusion Our findings suggest that in a representative sample of children and adolescents in Germany, detrimental trends in children’s physical activity and screen time occur at a higher rate in rural areas compared with urban environments. This provides critical information for health policy: While all children and adolescents should be targeted for physical activity promotion, a special focus should be on tailoring interventions for rural areas to prevent and mitigate inequalities in physical activity across urban and rural areas.
Role of Perinatal Biological Factors in Delayed Lactogenesis II Among Women With Pre-pregnancy Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Ren Ziqi , Zhang Aixia , Zhang Jingjing , Wang Rui , Xia Haiou 
Published: May 2022

Background Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are negatively associated with delayed onset of lactogenesis II (OL), but the mechanisms by which these conditions affect OL are still unclear. Objectives To identify biological factors related to pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity and determine whether these biological factors were associated with delayed OL in this population. Methods In this prospective observational study, we assigned 72 primipara to a pre-pregnancy overweight/obese group ( n = 36) and a normal-weight group ( n = 36). Blood samples were collected at 37 w of gestation and 48 h postpartum and assayed for levels of the following hormones: leptin, insulin, estradiol, prolactin (PRL), progesterone, and oxytocin. The primary outcome was timing of OL, estimated by maternal perception of breast fullness. We used linear-regression analysis to determine associations between hormones and delayed OL. Results Sixty-three participants (87.5%) had complete data. OL occurred later in overweight/obese than in normal-weight women ( p < .001). Compared with the normal-weight group, the overweight/obese group showed higher leptin levels at both times of observation and exhibited a slower drop in estrogen concentrations from 37 w of gestation to 48 h postpartum (all p < .05). After adjusting for confounding factors, leptin concentrations in late pregnancy and the magnitudes of decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum were correlated with OL. Conclusion Women who were overweight/obese before pregnancy had elevated leptin levels in late pregnancy and a delayed decline in estrogen concentrations at 48 h postpartum. Both of these phenomena were related to delayed OL in this population.
Comparison of brain-derived neurotrophic factor among subtypes of exudative age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Park Keon Woo , Joo Jung Yeon , Kim Seong Taeck 
Published: May 2022

Purpose To compare the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in serum and aqueous humor (AH) in eyes with typical neovascular age-related macular degeneration (tAMD), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), and retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Methods This prospective study included 20 patients with tAMD, 20 patients with PCV, 20 patients with RAP, and 20 healthy controls. BDNF levels in the serum and AH were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum and AH BDNF levels were significantly lower in the age-related macular degeneration groups (tAMD, PCV, and RAP) than in the control group ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the mean BDNF levels in the serum and AH among the different nAMD subtypes ( p = 0.538). Conclusions We confirmed that serum and AH BDNF levels were independent of the nAMD subtype.
Intercultural care for people of migrant origin with dementia – A literature analysis
Authors: Monsees Jessica , Schmachtenberg Tim , René Thyrian Jochen 
Published: May 2022

Background Close to 12 million people of migrant origin who are 65 years or older live in different European countries. In the European Union (EU) and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries, approximately half a million are estimated to have dementia. This rate is expected to increase in the coming decades. People of migrant origin who develop dementia and their families face challenges people without migration backgrounds do, but due to cultural differences, additional challenges may arise. There is an increasing need for interculturally sensitive care. There is research on certain aspects of intercultural care and this study will be a comprehensive summary of current topics in intercultural care. Research question What factors of intercultural care for people of migrant origin with dementia can be identified? What requirements and aspects are necessary to ensure intercultural care? Method A systematic literature analysis in the databases PubMed, PsycInfo and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection was conducted. Findings Thirty-nine articles were eligible for analysis. Enhancement in the areas diagnostics, education and information, healthcare services and healthcare professionals to ensure intercultural care is needed. Discussion Current evidence supports the need for (a) thorough education of people of migrant origin with dementia, their families and healthcare professionals, (b) collaborations among everyone involved, (c) embracing different cultures in healthcare services, (d) the implementation of a care navigator functioning as a contact person and connecting all relevant parties with one another and (e) dementia testing suitable to the target group to ensure culturally sensitive and appropriate care for people of migrant origin with dementia and their families.
Unilateral Modified Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Combined With Contralateral Lamina Fenestration Treating Severe Lumbarspinal Stenosis: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Xue Yulun , Li Suoyuan , Wang Yefeng , Zhang Hong , Cheng Liang , Wu Yinghui , Wang Qiang , Wang Donglai , Zou Tianming , Shen Jun 
Published: May 2022

Study design: Retrospective study. Objectives: The traditional PLIF is routinely utilized in severe lumbar spinal stenosis to relief the nerve compression. Nevertheless, the removal of posterior tension-band structure and the denervation and atrophy of the paraspinal muscle affect the clinical efficacy. Therefore, unilateral modified PLIF combined with contralateral fenestration was performed to overcome above-mentioned drawbacks. Methods: 32 modified PLIF and 33 traditional PLIF cases were retrospectively included. Operation time, length of stay (LOS) and blood loss were recorded. VAS of low back pain and leg pain, ODI and Sf-36 score including physical function and body pain were assessed. Fusion rate, lumbar lordosis (LL), intervertebral angle (IVA) and intervertebral height index (IHI) were evaluated radiologically. Results: Modified group possessed less blood loss, shorter operation time and less LOS. Compared with traditional group, the VAS of back pain was lower at 6 months postoperatively ( P < .05) and the ODI score was lower at 3 months postoperatively ( P < .05) in modified group. Modified group exhibited better physical function 3 months postoperatively and lower body pain 6 months postoperatively in Sf-36 score ( P < .05). No statistic difference in LL, IVA, IHI and fusion rate were observed between both groups. Conclusions: Our modified PLIF combining with contralateral fenestration procedure exhibited particular advantages in comparison to traditional PLIF. The preservation of posterior tension-band structure facilitates to less low back pain, low complication rate and early functional recovery.
Flow diverter retreatment for intracranial aneurysms: A meta-analysis of efficacy and feasibility
Authors: Lee Irene (Tai-Lin) , Kao Yung-Shuo , Lai Yen-Jun , Yen Ho-Hsian 
Published: May 2022

Background Recurrent intracranial aneurysm carries a risk of rupture and retreatment is often necessary. However, there is no consensus on the best retreatment modality of choice. Flow diverter has emerged as a promising option for this population in recent years. Given its high cost, patient selection to optimize outcomes is very important. Purpose To identify patient factors predisposing to failure of flow diverter retreatment. Method We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid/Medline, and ClinicalTrial.gov from 2000 to 2021. Studies regarding flow diverter retreatment of recurrent aneurysms were analyzed if they meet the inclusion criteria. Results A total of twenty-six studies were identified. Among 374 patients retreated with flow diverters, about 0.86 [0.81; 0.92] were successfully occluded and only 0.06 [0.02; 0.10] had unfavorable neurological outcomes. Major complications included intracranial hemorrhage (n = 7), ischemic stroke or thromboembolic event (n = 12), and death (n = 2). In-stent stenosis was reported in 10 of the cases. Saccular aneurysms are associated with a higher occlusion rate while aneurysm location, size, status, and prior treatment modality have no significant impact on retreatment efficacy. Conclusions We demonstrated that flow diverter is an effective retreatment strategy except in patients with non-saccular aneurysms. It should be considered as a first-line option for patients with recurrent intracranial aneurysm.
Percutaneous transosseous embolization of a diploic vein arteriovenous fistula with intracranial and extracranial shunting
Authors: Noufal Mazen , Liang Conrad , Chhabra Vaninder 
Published: May 2022

Arteriovenous fistulae of the diploic veins are extremely rare. 1 Transarterial- and transvenous embolization have been employed in endovascular treatment. 2 – 7 We describe a novel treatment technique in which percutaneous transosseous embolization was performed to treat an extensive diploic vein arteriovenous fistula in the sphenoid bone with a 5 -cm venous varix. Numerous branches of the internal and external carotids fed the fistula with extracranial and intracranial shunting including cortical venous reflux. Safe transarterial embolization was inadequate. Transvenous access into the diploic venous varix through emissary veins was not successful. An 18-G needle was used under fluoroscopy to access the venous varix through the thinned outer table of the sphenoid greater wing. Brainlab navigation system was used to pre-study needle's insertion point and trajectory. Uneventful coil and Onyx embolization was performed. Educational message Transosseous embolization of diploic vein arteriovenous fistula is feasible when necessary in select cases.
Verification of software-based preoperative simulation of flow diverters in clinical cases
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Yang Xinjian , Zhu Wei , Wang Xinlan , Yao Yangyang , Lu Wangsheng , Yang Guangming , Qin Lan , Liu Jian , Li Miao 
Published: May 2022

Objective The authors sought to verify the use of a preoperative simulation software for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms using flow diverters (FDs) based on three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA) data. Methods Based on 3DRA data, the preoperative simulation software (UKNOW) was used to simulate the deployment of virtual FDs. The length and dimensions of virtual and real devices were compared. The deployment plan recommended by the UKNOW software was preliminarily used to complete implantations in the real world. During the experiment, experienced neurointerventional experts were responsible for supervising and judging information such as the length, dimension, and deployment location of the FDs. Results This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 29 patients who received FD treatment. There was no statistical difference between the length of the real device and the virtual device ( p = 0.6). The dimensions of FDs recommended by the software were consistent with the dimensions used in 24 out of the 29 real cases. In four of the remaining five cases, neurointerventional experts found that the FD dimensions recommended by the software were superior to those were actually used. Thus, the accuracy rate for FD dimension recommendations by the UKNOW software was 96.6% (28/29). Procedures performed in five cases using deployment plans recommended by the UKNOW software all achieved good postoperative results; the deployment positions of the device were reasonable, and all devices showed good wall adherence. Conclusions UKNOW software could accurately simulate the length and deployment position of the real FDs and provide suitable device dimensions.