bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical root fracture resistance and crack formation of root canal-treated teeth restored with different post-luting systems
Authors: Rathke Andreas , Frehse Henry , Hrusa Beatrice 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the vertical root fracture (VRF) resistance and crack formation of root canal-treated teeth restored with different post-luting systems. Human maxillary lateral incisors of similar size were decoronated, assigned to five groups (n = 18, power = 0.9) and embedded in acrylic blocks with artificial periodontal ligament. After root canal filling, post spaces were prepared to place coated fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) or sandblasted titanium (Ti) posts of the same shape and size. Half of the posts were zinc phosphate cemented (C), while the other half was adhesively luted (A). Untreated teeth served as control. After thermal cycling and staircase loading in a chewing simulator, the crack formation on the root dentin surface was microscopically examined and classified as no defect, craze line, vertical crack, and horizontal crack. Subsequently, the samples were loaded until root fracture. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test, and Fisher’s exact test. All samples survived the chewing simulation without VRF, but crack formation was significantly different between the groups (P = 0.009). The control showed significantly fewer defects than FRC/C, Ti/C, and Ti/A (P = 0.001, P = 0.008, P = 0.008, respectively). FRC/C showed the highest incidence of vertical cracks. FRC/A had the lowest incidence of defects. There was no significant difference in VRF resistance between the groups (P = 0.265). Adhesively luted FRC posts did not increase VRF resistance but reduced the risk of defects. Most defects were craze lines and vertical root cracks.
Cardioinhibitory syncope with asystole during nitroglycerin potentiated head up tilt test: prevalence and clinical predictors
Authors: Russo Vincenzo , Parente Erika , Rago Anna , Comune Angelo , Laezza Nunzia , Papa Andrea Antonio , Chamberland Celeste , Huynh Thao , Golino Paolo , Brignole Michele , Nigro Gerardo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aims
The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical predictors of cardioinhibitory (CI) responses with asystole at the nitroglycerin (NTG)-potentiated head-up tilt test (HUTT) in patients with a history of syncope admitted to a tertiary referral syncope unit.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated all consecutive patients who underwent NTG-potentiated HUTT for suspected reflex syncope at our institution from March 1 2017 to May 1 2020. The prevalence of HUTT-induced CI syncope was assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to test the association of asystolic response to HUTT with a set of clinical covariates.

Results
We enrolled 1285 patients (45 ± 19.1 years; 49.6% male); 368 (28.6%) showed HUTT-induced CI response with asystole. A multivariate analysis revealed that the following factors were independently associated with HUTT-induced CI syncope: male sex (OR 1.48; ConInt 1.14–1.92; P = 0.003), smoking (OR 2.22; ConInt 1.56–3.115; P < 0.001), traumatic syncope (OR: 2.81; ConInt 1.79–4.42; P < 0.001), situational syncope (OR 0.45; ConInt 0.27–0.73; P = 0.002), and the use of diuretics (OR 9.94; ConInt 3.83–25.76; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The cardioinhibitory syncope with asystole induced by NTG-potentiated HUTT is more frequent than previously reported. The male gender, smoking habit, history of traumatic syncope, and use of diuretics were independent predictors of HUTT-induced CI responses. Conversely, the history of situational syncope seems to reduce this probability.
Investigating the Asymmetric Behavior of Oil Price Volatility Using Support Vector Regression
Authors: Li Yushu , Karlsson Hyunjoo Kim 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the asymmetric behavior of oil price volatility using different types of Asymmetric Power ARCH (APARCH) model. We compare the estimation and forecasting performance of the models estimated from the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method and support vector machine (SVM) based regressions. Combining nonparametric SVM method with parametric APARCH model not only enables to keep interpretations of the parametric models but also leads to more precise estimation and forecasting results. Daily or weekly oil price volatility is investigated from March 8, 1991 to September 13, 2019. This whole sample period is split into four sub-periods based on the occurrence of certain economic events, and we examine whether the asymmetric behavior of the volatility exists in each sub-period. Our results indicate that SVM regression generally outperforms the other method with lower estimation and forecasting errors, and it is more robust to the choice of different APARCH models than the MLE counterparts are. Besides, the estimation results of the SVM based regressions in each sub-period show that the ARCH models with asymmetric power generally perform better than the models with symmetric power when the data sub-period includes large swings in oil price. The asymmetric behavior of oil price volatility, however, is not detected when the analysis is done using the whole sample period. This result underscores the importance of identifying the dynamics of the dataset in different periods to improve estimation and forecasting performance in modelling oil price volatility. This paper, therefore, examines volatility behavior of oil price with both methodological and economic underpinnings.
Viewing the body as an (almost) ageing thing
Authors: Gilleard Chris 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the role of the body in the social and psychological study of ageing. Drawing upon the phenomenological tradition, it argues that the body occupies a halfway house between materiality and subjectivity, unsettling those social psychological and biological frameworks by which age and ageing are traditionally understood. While offering no simple resolution of this ambiguity, the paper highlights the intrinsic nature of this dilemma. After reviewing recent research and writing concerning body awareness, body ownership and body affordance, the thesis is proposed that much of what constitutes bodily ageing can be seen as a series of ‘normal abnormalities’. These result in our experience of bodily ageing pivoting uneasily between an object and a subject position. This dialectic is incapable of synthetic resolution but still, to varying degrees it preoccupies many in later life. It is rarely confronted in its full complexity, however, in ageing studies. The phenomenological tradition provides an under-utilised framework for future investigations in this field.
Acknowledgments-based networks for mapping the social structure of research fields. A case study on recent analytic philosophy
Authors: Petrovich Eugenio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the last decades, research in science mapping has delivered several powerful techniques, based on citation or textual analysis, for charting the intellectual organization of research fields. To map the social network underlying science and scholarship, by contrast, science mapping has mainly relied on one method, co-authorship analysis. This method, however, suffers from well-known limitations related to the practice of authorship. Moreover, it does not perform well on those fields where multi-authored publications are rare. In this study, a new method for mapping the social structure of research fields is advanced, based on the analysis of the acknowledgments of academic publications. We first discuss the standard account of the function of acknowledgments in scholarly communication, then we introduce a new interpretative framework in which the acknowledgments are intended as positioning signals exchanged by researchers. Next, we provide the formal definition of the four acknowledgments-based networks that stand at the core of the method, and we test it on a humanities field, analytic philosophy. Results show that acknowledgement-based networks allow to reconstruct the fine-grained social structure of analytic philosophy from different perspectives. Furthermore, by comparing the citation-based maps of the field with the acknowledgments-based networks, it permits to shed light on the relationship between the intellectual and social layer of analytic philosophy. We conclude by presenting practical limitations of the method and by sketching some further research lines.
The acute effect and lag effect analysis between exposures to ambient air pollutants and spontaneous abortion: a case-crossover study in China, 2017–2019
Authors: Zhou Wenzheng , Ming Xin , Chen Qing , Liu Xiaoli , Yin Ping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Recent studies demonstrated that living in areas with high ambient air pollution may have adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes, but few studies have investigated its association with spontaneous abortion. Further investigation is needed to explore the acute effect and lag effect of air pollutants exposure on spontaneous abortion.

Objective
To investigate the acute effect and lag effect between exposure to ambient air pollutants and spontaneous abortion.

Methods
Research data of spontaneous abortion were collected from the Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children (CQHCWC) in China. The daily ambient air pollution exposure measurements were estimated for each woman using inverse distance weighting from monitoring stations. A time-stratified, case-crossover design combined with distributed lag linear models was applied to assess the associations between spontaneous pregnancy loss and exposure to each of the air pollutants over lags 0–7 days, adjusted for temperature and relative humidity.

Results
A total of 1399 women who experienced spontaneous pregnancy loss events from November 1, 2016, to September 30, 2019, were selected for this study. Maternal exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), particle matter 10 (PM10) nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) exhibited a significant association with spontaneous abortion. For every 20 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2, the RRs were 1.18 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.34), 1.12 (95% CI, 1.04–1.20), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.30), and 1.92 (95% CI: 1.18, 3.11) on lag day 3, lag day 3, lag day 0, and lag day 3, respectively. In two-pollutant model combined with PM2.5 and PM10, a statistically significant increase in spontaneous abortion incidence of 18.0% (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.32) was found for a 20 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure, and 11.2% (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.20) for a 20 μg/m3 increase in PM10 exposure on lag day 3, similar to single-pollutant model analysis.

Conclusion
Maternal exposure to high levels of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 during pregnancy may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion for acute effects and lag effects. Further research to explore sensitive exposure time windows is needed.
Low-cost client-side encryption and secure Internet of things (IoT) provisioning
Authors: Mamvong Joseph , Goteng Gokop , Gao Yue 
Published: May 2022

ConclusionSecurity and ease of provisioning of IoT devices onto cloud infrastructure is instrumental to the deployment of IoT devices. With not much information available on the ease of secure provisioning of IoT devices couple with inherent challenge of these devices in encrypting data before transmission to the cloud due to their constrained nature, this work implements a low-cost client-side encryption algorithm based on the AES to carry out data encryption at the IoT device’s communication end using a SAMG55 microprocessor, following which the device is securely provisioned to a cloud platform as shown in Fig. 3. Related work and direction for future work is further detailed in Online Resources 1 and Online Resources 2.
Hydrochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in the Kathua region, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Kouser Beena , Bala Anjali , Verma Omkar , Prashanth Manthena , Khosla Ashu , Pir Rayees Ahmad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGroundwater is a vital natural resource in the Kathua region of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, Northern India, where it is used for domestic, irrigation, and industrial purposes. The main purpose of this study was to assess the hydrochemistry of the groundwater and to determine its suitability for drinking, irrigation, and industrial uses in the Kathua region. In this study, 75 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for the physicochemical parameters such as electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids , pH, and various cations and anions. The analyzed data were computed for designing groundwater quality index to know the suitability for drinking purposes. The EC, sodium percentage, permeability index, and magnesium hazard were assessed to evaluate groundwater suitability for irrigation. Further, the corrosivity ratio was assessed to find the groundwater quality criteria for industrial purposes. The comprehensive results obtained from the water quality index indicate that almost all groundwater samples are suitable for drinking. The ionic abundance is in the order of Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ for cations, and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl− > NO3− for anions, respectively. The Piper diagram shows that hydrochemistry of the groundwater is dominated by alkaline earth metals (Ca2+, Mg2+) and weak acids (HCO3−). According to the Gibbs diagram, the chemistry of groundwater is mainly controlled by the rock–water interaction process, indicating that most of the groundwater samples of the area are of bicarbonate type. The EC results classify the groundwater as excellent to good; the sodium percentage also indicates that the water is fit for irrigation. According to the Wilcox and USSLS diagrams, and permeability index, a majority of samples are suitable for irrigation with a few exceptions. The magnesium hazard depicts that there are few samples (19%), which are unsuitable for irrigation. According to the corrosivity ratio, 65 samples are safe for industrial use while the remaining 10 samples are considered to be unsafe. Thus, it is found that most of the groundwater in the area can be used for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes.
Study on the mechanism of anisotropic wellbore instability in continental shale in Songliao Basin
Authors: Li Shibin , Liang Kai , Wang Changhao , Jiao Yuxuan , Liu Hegao , Wang Chunhua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWellbore instability is frequently encountered in the process of shale oil drilling. Due to the anisotropic strength characteristics of shale, most conventional models are not suitable for wellbore stability analysis in layered formation. In this paper, taking the continental shale in the north of Songliao Basin as the research object, the anisotropic elasticity and strength parameters of shale are measured experimentally. Based on pore elastic mechanics, an anisotropic wellbore stability model of layered shale is established, and the variation of collapse pressure under different formation conditions is analyzed. The results show that considering the elastic and strength anisotropy, the collapse pressure is the largest, and the influence of strength anisotropy is significantly greater than that of elastic anisotropy. The stability of horizontal wells drilled along the horizontal maximum principal stress is the optimal, followed by vertical wells and small angle directional wells. The actual drilling conditions of G101 well are basically consistent with the prediction results, which confirms the accuracy of the model. According to the traditional wellbore stability model, the equivalent density of collapse pressure in horizontal well section is 1.58 ~ 1.76 g/cm3. It is much lower than the collapse density of 1.86 g/cm3 calculated by the anisotropic model in this study. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of the mechanism of wellbore instability in horizontal wells in shale formations. The model can be used to guide the drilling engineering design of shale oil horizontal wells and reduce the losses caused by the instability of the wellbore.
Activated eco-waste of Posidonia oceanica rhizome as a potential adsorbent of methylene blue from saline water
Authors: Elmorsi Randa R. , Abou-El-Sherbini Khaled S. , Shehab El-Dein Waleed A. , Lotfy Hesham R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA new activated adsorbent was produced from the debris of Posidonia oceanica rhizomes (POR). POR were activated in acetic acid and utilized as an eco-adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from saline solutions. The purified Posidonia oceanica rhizomes (PPOR) and its activated form (APOR) were characterized by elemental analysis, pH-metric titration, Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR), and surface area measurements, which inferred a remarkable activation of APOR. An enhancement in the free acidic sites was confirmed. The adsorption data obtained were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Kaganer-Raduskavich (DKR), and Redlich and Peterson (RP) isotherm models. The obtained data from these isotherm models were tested using some error functions (residual root mean squares error (RMSE), sum square error (SSE), and chi-square test (X2) function). Temkin isotherm model was the best isotherm fits the experimental data of APOR. Kinetic data were evaluated by pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption rate was found to follow PSO model with a good correlation (R2 = 0.999–1). A suggested, endothermic, multilayer, combined electrostatic and physical adsorption mechanism may be responsible for the removal of MB from water utilizing APOR. Adsorption is anticipated to start with chemisorption on active functional groups of adsorbent’s surface followed by physisorption of the subsequent layers through adsorbate–adsorbate interaction. The removal process was successfully applied for MB-spiked saline and brackish water with removal efficiencies of 51.7–97.2%. The results revealed that activated Posidonia oceanica rhizomes is a promising adsorbent for the removal of the methylene blue dye from real saline and brackish water with high removal efficiencies.
Graphical Abstract
Implementation of EACS vaccination recommendations among people living with HIV
Authors: Breitschwerdt Sven , Schwarze-Zander Carolynne , Al Tayy Ahmad , Mutevelli Julia , Wasmuth Jan-Christian , Rockstroh Jürgen K. , Boesecke Christoph 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
With modern combination antiretroviral Treatment (cART) a normal life expectancy among people living with HIV (PLWH) has become reality if started early enough prior to the onset of more pronounced immunodeficiency. Therefore, prevention measures against other infectious diseases among this vulnerable group have gained increased attention. Indeed, the EACS guidelines recommend vaccinations against HAV, HBV, HPV, Influenza, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and VZV in HIV-infected adults.

Methods
All PLWH under cART attending our ID outpatient clinic between April to June 2018, were assessed during consultation for vaccination status regarding pneumococcus, Hepatitis A and B, influenza, varicella, meningococcus and HPV using a pre-defined questionnaire, vaccination certificates and medical records. In addition, the cohort database was screened for Hepatitis A and B serology and HIV surrogate markers.

Results
A total of 305 PLWH (82.3% male, 17.7% female) was included, median age was 48 years (IQR 47–51). Median CD4 + T cell count was 543 (IQR 304–770), and for 297 (97.4%) PLWH CD4 + T cell count was ≥ 200/ul. The viral load was undetectable (< 40 copies/ml) in 289 (94.8%) cases. Highest vaccination rates were observed for HAV (87.4%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (77.4%) and Influenza (76.5%). 64.3% PLWH got vaccinated against HBV, whereas VZV vaccination only played a minor role, in the context of the high rate of cleared infections (99.0%). Lowest vaccination rates were detected for HPV (0%) and Neisseria meningitidis (3.0%).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that vaccination rates among PLWH are higher compared to the general German population. Implementation of EACS guidelines into daily routine though is not fully executed and the need for improving vaccination rates has to be emphasized. Centrally organized vaccination registers as well as electronic medical records could be helpful tools to detect a lack of vaccination coverage and send digital vaccination reminders particularly among risk groups.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided versus landmark corticosteroid injection in the treatment of shoulder pain: an update
Authors: ElMeligie Mohamed Magdy , Allam Nashwa M. , Yehia Radwa M. , Ashour Ahmed A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Corticosteroid (CS) can be injected in a blind fashion (landmark-guided) or with ultrasound (US) guidance, and this may contribute to varying clinical results. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of US-guided versus landmark CS injections in the treatment of adult patients with shoulder pain.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing US-guided versus landmark CS injection regarding visual analogue scale (VAS), functional scores, disability scores, abduction degree, and side effects. The data were pooled as mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), or risk ratios (RRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using R software (meta package 4.9-0) for windows. Subgroup analysis and leave-one-out analysis were conducted.

Results
Eighteen RCTs, with a total of 1010 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled estimate favored the US-guided over landmark CS injection in terms of the mean change of VAS between 6 weeks and baseline (SMD = − 0.48, 95% CI [− 0.79, − 0.17]), the shoulder functional scores (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI [0.05, 0.65]) and shoulder abduction degree (MD = 8.78, 95% CI [3.11, 14.46]). Whilst no significant difference was found between the compared group regarding the overall shoulder disability scores (SMD = − 0.51, 95% CI (− 1.25, 0.22]) and side effects (RR = 0.45, 95% CI [0.15, 1.34]). None of the eligible study analyzed the cost-effectiveness of the US-guided method compared with the landmark method for CS injection.

Conclusion
Our analysis showed that US-guided CS injection was effective in the treatment of various shoulder diseases. Further research on the cost-effectiveness of US-guided CS methods is needed.
Making distributed edge machine learning for resource-constrained communities and environments smarter: contexts and challenges
Authors: Truong Hong-Linh , Truong-Huu Tram , Cao Tien-Dung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe maturity of machine learning (ML) development and the decreasing deployment cost of capable edge devices have proliferated the development and deployment of edge ML solutions for critical IoT-based business applications. The combination of edge computing and ML not only addresses the development cost barrier, but also solves the obstacles due to the lack of powerful cloud data centers. However, not only the edge ML research and development is still at an early stage and requires substantial skills normally missed in resource-constrained communities, but also various infrastructure constraints w.r.t. network reliability and computing power, and business contexts from the resource-constrained environments require different considerations to make edge ML applications context aware through smart and intelligent runtime strategies. In this paper, we analyze representative real-world business scenarios for edge ML solutions and their contexts in resource-constrained communities and environments. We identify and map the key distinguished contexts of distributed edge ML and discuss the impacts of these contexts on data and software components and deployment models. Finally, we present key research areas, how we should approach them, and possible tooling for making edge machine learning solutions smarter in resource-constrained communities and environments.