bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Infrared Radiation on Germination of Long Grain Rice
Authors: Hampton Rachel M. , Atungulu Griffiths , Rolland Virginie , Wilson Shantae A. , McKay Tanja 
Published: February 2022

HighlightsThe study provides insight to infrared (IR) drying and the effects on germination of two long-grain rice cultivarsDrying rice seeds using IR with intensity at 10.84 kW/m2 negatively impacted germination and probabilities of shoot and primary root growth.IR intensities of 2.15 and 2.83 kW/m2 did not affect rice seed germination or growth compared to control samples dried using natural air at 26°C and 65% relative humidity.CL152, the pureline cultivar, did not germinate as well as XL745, the hybrid cultivar.Abstract. Infrared radiation (IR) can effectively dry rice; however, the effects of IR on germination need to be determined. We compared the effects of natural air drying and three IR-drying intensities (2.15, 2.83, and 10.84 kW/m2) on rice germination for two rice cultivars, XL745 (hybrid) and CL152 (pureline). Although lower for CL152 than for XL745, the probability of germination was lowest after IR-drying at 10.84 kW/m2 for both cultivars. The probability of shoot or root growth was also lowest for kernels treated at 10.84 kW/m2; however, cultivar was the only factor included in the best model for predicting shoot and root length, suggesting that the range of IR intensity tested does not affect shoot or root length. Treatment of rice with an initial moisture content of 20% w.b. with an IR intensity of 10.84 kW/m2 for 7 s reaching a temperature of 60°C is not recommended for use on rice that will be used for seed grain; lower IR intensities appear more appropriate. Keywords: Germination, Hybrid rice, Infrared drying, Pureline rice.
Body self-esteem is related to subjective well-being, severity of depressive symptoms, BMI, glycated hemoglobin levels, and diabetes-related distress in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kokoszka Andrzej , Pacura Agata , Kostecka Barbara , Lloyd Cathy E. , Sartorius Norman 
Published: February 2022

Background
There are limited data on the role of body image in patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to compare body self-esteem in this group with norms for the general Polish population and to investigate the relationship between body self-esteem and the psychological and clinical characteristics of the course of diabetes.

Methods
A group of 100 consecutive adult patients with type 2 diabetes (49 women and 51 men) aged 35 to 66 years were assessed using the Body Esteem Scale (BES), World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (PAID), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D).

Results
In comparison to norms for the general population, women with type 2 diabetes had lower body self-esteem only in the dimension of Physical Condition (M = 30.71; SD = 7.11 versus M = 32.96; SD = 5.69; P = 0.003), whereas men in the dimensions of Physical Condition (M = 42.43; SD = 9.43 versus M = 48.30; SD = 8.42; P <0.001) and Upper Body Strength (M = 32.16; SD = 6.60 versus M = 33.97; SD = 5.86; P = 0.015). There were moderate or weak positive correlations between the overall BES score and/or its dimensions and subjective well-being, and negative correlations between the overall BES score and/or its dimension and the severity of depression symptoms, level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), and diabetes-related distress among women. Among men, BES scores were positively correlated with well-being, and negatively, with BMI and diabetes-related distress. A correlation of r = 0.39 between BES scores and HbA1c levels was relatively high compared with values for other psychosocial factors. Both in women and men, a high Physical Condition score was a significant predictor of better well-being, less severe depression, and milder diabetes-related distress. Among men, it was also a significant predictor of lower BMI, whereas among women, BMI was predicted by Weight Concern.

Conclusions
Persons with diabetes seem to have lower body self-esteem than the general population, which is significantly associated with clinical and psychological characteristics of the diabetes course. The observed differences and relationships are gender-specific.
Persistence of Schistosoma haematobium transmission among school children and its implication for the control of urogenital schistosomiasis in Lindi, Tanzania
Authors: Mushi Vivian , Zacharia Abdallah , Shao Magdalena , Mubi Marycelina , Tarimo Donath 
Published: February 2022

Background
Despite twelve rounds of school-based preventive chemotherapy for schistosomiasis in endemic areas of Tanzania such as Mtama district, Lindi: the burden of Schistosoma haematobium infection has remained highly conceivable due to re-infections. The factors associated with continuity of S.haematobium transmission in Mtama district, Lindi have not been fully established. This study investigated the burden and factors contributing to the ongoing transmission of S.haematobium infection in the endemic district of Mtama, Lindi.

Methods
A quantitative cross-sectional survey was carried out among 649 school-age children in the Mtama district to determine the burden and factors associated with continuity of S.haematobium infection transmission. A single urine specimen was obtained from each pupil and tested for macro- and microhaematuria, presence of S.haematobium ova, as well intensity of infection; this was complemented with a survey of Bulinus spp snail intermediate hosts and their infectivity. A structured questionnaire was employed to gather information on individual and environmental risk factors for S.haematobium transmission. Summary statistics were computed for individual variables; while a univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between risk factors with S.haematobium infection.

Results
Prevalence of S.haematobium infection by macro- and microhaematuria was 13.1% and 46.2% respectively. The prevalence of S.haematobium ova was 52.7%; intensity of infection was light in 53.1%, and heavy in 46.9%. Snail intermediate hosts were Bulinus globosus and B.nasutus, whose infectivity was 2.2% and 1.3%, respectively. Among the assessed risk factors, long residency (10–13 years) in the area was a significant risk factor for the continuity of S.haematobium transmission (AOR: 21.79, 95% CI: 1.37–346.4).

Conclusions
The observed 52.7% prevalence of S.haematobium infection represents unacceptably high prevalence after 12 rounds of preventive chemotherapy. Therefore, an urgent need for the implementation of integrated multiple control interventions in the Mtama district; is considered to be imperative.
Peircean semiosis as the process for the making of meaning
Authors: Jappy Tony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One domain in which one would expect to find enlightenment concerning the nature of meaning is the pragmatism of C. S. Peirce and, in particular, the various versions of the pragmatic maxim that he refined over the years. For the maxim was, he claimed in a late text, really nothing more than a sort of protocol for determining the meaning of “hard words.” However, at the same time, Peirce saw the communication of meaning as a process that necessarily involved signs, thereby placing the onus of meaning-making within the scope of semiotics. The paper begins by examining the possible contributions to our understanding of the nature of meaning provided by Peirce’s pragmatism and the well-known ten-class classificatory system of 1903 derived from his theory of universal phenomenological categories. However, finding that both present structural limitations for such a study, the paper proceeds to develop the hexadic, 28-class sign-system of 1908 – based, in this case, on three modal universes of existence – and the process of semiosis in order to show how a neo-Peircean conception of semiosis enables the researcher not only to demonstrate the way meaning is communicated but also to hypothesize the way meaning is made through mediatization.
Parathyroid hormone in situ measurement in patients with hyperparathyroidism: single-centre experience of 179 patients
Authors: Richa Carine , Haidar Hazar , Dupeux Margot , Papon Jean-François , Lambert Benoit , Salenave Sylvie , Bouyacoub Mohammed , Young Jacques , Chanson Philippe , Trabado Séverine , Maione Luigi 
Published: February 2022

Context
The measurement of parathyroid hormone(PTH) in situ (PTHis) by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has been proposed as a tool to preoperatively help localize parathyroid glands detected on ultrasound. However, the accuracy of PTHis is highly variable according to the few available studies.

Aim
We aimed to develop and validate the PTHis procedure and assessed the performance of PTHis in a large series of patients with hyperparathyroidism and/or undetermined cervical lesions.

Patients and methods
The technique set-up consisted of PTHis measurement in thyroid samples from patients with thyroid nodules and patients with high circulating PTH levels (tertiary hyperparathyroidism). Consecutive patients were recruited at one tertiary referral centre from 2017 to 2020 and submitted to ultrasound-guided FNA-PTHis determination.

Results
During the method set-up, we obtained undetectable PTHis levels in all non-parathyroid tissues after sample dilutions. PTHis was higher in patients with hyperparathyroidism (n = 145; 1817 ± 3739 ng/L; range: <4.6–31 140) than in those with thyroid or undetermined cervical lesions (n= 34; <4.6 ng/mL; P  < 0.0001). When evaluating PTHis performance in histologically proven samples (158 lesions from 121 patients), PTHis was detectable in 85/97 parathyroid lesions (87%; range: 22–31;140 ng/L) and undetectable in all non-parathyroid lesions (n = 61; P  < 0.0001). The specificity and positive predictive value were 100%, and the sensitivity was 87.6%. False-negative lesions (n= 12) were smaller (9.4 ± 5.9 mm) and more often consisted of hyperplasias (75%) than true-positive lesions (16.1 ± 8.4 mm and 33%, P = 0.009 and P = 0.0089, respectively). The method was safe and well tolerated. Four educational cases are also provided.

Conclusions
PTHis determination is a safe and well-tolerated procedure that enhances the specificity of ultrasound-detected lesions. If accurately set-up, it confirms the parathyroid origin of uncharacterized cervical lesions.
Вплив одновісного тиску на низькочастотну дисперсію діелектричної проникності у високоомних кристалах GaSe
Authors: Стахіра Й.М. , Флюнт О.Є. , Фіяла Я.М. 
Published: February 2022

Проведено дослідження низькочастотної діелектричної проникності високоомних кристалів GaSe на частотах до 100 кГц з використанням блокуючих для носіїв електричного заряду (ізолюючих) контактів. Вимірювання проводили при прикладанні до зразка невеликого одновісного тиску в межах до 2,4 · 105 Па вздовж осі c, нормальної до площини шарів кристала. Встановлено, що діелектричний спектр високоомних кристалів GaSe з блокуючими електродами підлягаєуніверсальному степеневому закону ~ωn–1, де ω – кутова частота, n ≈ 0,8, який раніше спостерігали на високоомних зразках з контактами з наплавленого індію. Однакова форма діелектричного спектра на кристалах з різними типами контактів (омічними та блокуючими) підтверджує об'ємний характер спостережуваного явища поляризації, яке пов'язується з стрибкоподібним переміщенням квазілокалізованих носіїв електричного заряду. Встановлено, що діелектрична проникність лінійно зростає з величиною прикладеного одновісного тиску з коефіцієнтом Δϵ/(ϵΔp) = 8 · 10–7 Па–1. Спостерігається незначне збільшення показника степеня 1 – n при збільшенні тиску, що приводить до посилення дисперсії діелектричної проникності. Значна залежність низькочастотної діелектричної проникності від одновісного тиску в високоомних кристалах GaSe пов'язується з формуванням утворень диполів, обертання яких еквівалентні стрибкам локалізованих носіїв електричного заряду.
Suppression of Oscillations by Lévy Noise
Authors: Olemskoi A.I. , Borysov S.S. , Shuda I.A. 
Published: February 2022

We find the analytic solution of a pair of stochastic equations with arbitrary forces and multiplicative Lévy noises in a steady-state nonequilibrium case. This solution shows that Lévy flights always suppress a quasiperiodic motion related to the limit cycle. We prove that such suppression is caused by that the Lévy variation ∆L ~ (∆t)1/α with the exponent α < 2 is always negligible in comparison with the Gaussian variation ∆W ~ (∆t)1/2 in the ∆t → 0 limit.
Seed Quality Enhancement for Improving Planting Value of Fresh and Aged Seed Lots of Chickpea
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Yadav Shiv K. , Pandey S. , Yadav Sangita , Yadav R. , Lal S.K. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Chickpea is the largest produced food legume in South Asia. It is mainly grown in dry or rainfed area, where patchy plant stand often results due to delayed and non-uniform emergence. Moreover, genotypes vary for seed germination and seedling vigour. Therefore, the study was undertaken to find most appropriate seed treatment for enhancement of planting value of desi and kabuli type chickpeas. Methods: Study was conducted at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi with fresh, 2 and 4 years stored seed lots of desi (Pusa 2028) and kabuli (Pusa 1108) varieties. The lots were compared with untreated (control) for quality and vigour parameters after giving seed enhancement treatments (SET); osmopriming, halopriming, solid matrix priming (SMP), thiram and neem khali. Result: Investigations revealed that SMP and thiram seed treatments significantly enhanced germination and field performance of fresh as well as aged seeds in these varieties. Effectiveness of treatments was found more pronounced in kabuli than desi type and thus confirmed the usefulness of SETs for poor vigour seeds. Results also showed that seed quality and vigour of both the types were significantly affected with time in storage. However, desi variety maintained satisfactory germination and field performance up to 2 years under ambient conditions of storage.
Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kemandirian Lansia dalam Memenuhi Aktivitas Kehidupan Sehari-hari di Desa Tonusu Kecamatan Pamona Puselemba Kabupaten Poso
Authors: Djala Fany Lairin , Gugu Arwin 
Published: February 2022

Background: Elderly is someone aged 60 years and over. The elderly experience changes in the form of decreased organ function so that the elderly have difficulty in fulfilling daily activities. Elderly independence in daily activities can be measured by the Katz Index. In this era of globalization, families are busy with their respective jobs so that they pay less attention to or provide support to the elderly. Objective: to determine the relationship between family support and independence of the elderly in fulfilling activities of daily life in Tonusu Village, Pamona Puselemba District, Poso Regency. Methods: The type of research used is descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The sample used is 50 respondents using simple random sampling technique. Data collection was done by using a questionnaire. Results: showed that there was a relationship between emotional support and the independence of the elderly in fulfilling daily activities with a p value = 0.000, there was a relationship between instrumental support and the independence of the elderly in fulfilling daily activities (p value = 0.000), there was a relationship between assessment support and the independence of the elderly. in fulfilling daily activities (p value = 0.002), there is a relationship between informational support and the independence of the elderly in fulfilling daily activities (p value = 0.000), Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a relationship between family support and elderly independence in fulfilling activities of daily life in Tonusu Village, Pamona Puselemba Subdistrict, Poso Regency Keyword :Family support, Elderly independence
Spontaneous Facet Joint Osteoarthritis in NFAT1-Mutant Mice
Authors: Wang Jinxi , Lu Qinghua , Mackay Matthew J. , Liu Xiangliang , Feng Yi , Burton Douglas C. , Asher Marc A. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Facet joint (FJ) osteoarthritis (FJOA) is a widely prevalent spinal disorder but its pathogenesis remains unclear, largely due to the difficulties in conducting longitudinal human studies and lack of spontaneous-FJOA animal models for mechanistic investigations. This study aimed to investigate whether spontaneous FJOA occurs in mice bearing mutant NFAT1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1) transcription factor.

Methods:
The lumbar FJs of 50 NFAT1-mutant mice and of 50 wild-type control mice, of both sexes, were examined by histopathology, quantitative gene expression analysis, semiquantitative immunohistochemistry, and a novel FJOA scoring system for semiquantitative assessment of the histopathologic changes at 2, 6, 12, and 18 months of age. Age-dependent and tissue-specific histopathologic and gene or protein expression changes were analyzed statistically.

Results:
FJs in NFAT1-mutant mice displayed significantly increased expression of specific catabolic genes (p < 0.05) and proteins (p < 0.001) in cartilage and synovium as early as 2 months of age, followed by early osteoarthritic structural changes such as articular surface fissuring and chondro-osteophyte formation at 6 months. More severe cartilage lesions, osteophytes, subchondral bone changes, synovitis, and tissue-specific molecular alterations in FJs of NFAT1-mutant mice were observed at 12 and 18 months. Osteoarthritic structural changes were not detected in FJs of wild-type mice at any ages, although age-related cartilage degeneration was observed at 18 months. The novel FJOA scoring system had high intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility (correlation coefficients: r > 0.97). Whole-joint FJOA scoring showed significantly higher OA scores in FJs of NFAT1-mutant mice compared with wild-type mice at all time points (p = 0.0033 at 2 months, p = 0.0001 at 6 months, p < 0.0001 at 12 and 18 months).

Conclusions:
This study has identified the NFAT1-mutant mouse as a novel animal model of spontaneous FJOA with age-dependent and slowly progressing osteoarthritic features, developed the first FJOA scoring system, and elucidated the molecular mechanisms of NFAT1 mutation-induced FJOA.

Clinical Relevance:
This murine FJOA model resembles the features of human FJOA and may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of and therapeutic strategies for FJOA in humans.
Trends in adults’ energy imbalance gaps over two decades in Belgium using system dynamics modelling
Authors: Fallah-Fini Saeideh , Rezaei Tannaz , De Ridder Karin , vandevijvere stefanie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The energy imbalance gap (EIG) represents the average daily difference between energy intake and energy expenditure. The maintenance energy gap (MEG) captures the increased energy intake needed to maintain a higher average bodyweight compared with an initial distribution of bodyweight. This study quantified the dynamics of the EIG and MEG over time and across different genders/regions/BMI groups for Belgian adults.Methods: A validated system dynamics model was adapted to estimate the trends/dynamics of the EIG among different subpopulations over two decades in Belgium. The model was calibrated using data from the six Belgium national Health Interview Surveys (1997,2001,2004,2008,2013,2018).Results: EIG was negative for all BMI groups among Belgian females in 2018, implying the start of a decrease in prevalence of overweight/obesity in this subpopulation. However, this was not the case among Belgian males. Flemish and Walloon males had positive EIGs across BMI groups in 2018, however, Brussels’ males showed negative EIGs across BMI groups. Flemish and Brussels’ females showed negative EIGs across all BMI groups in 2018, while Walloon females showed positive EIGs across almost all BMI groups. According to the MEG, Belgian men consumed (and expended) on average 59 kcal/day more in 2018 than in 1997 to maintain their heavier body weight. The MEG for Belgian women was 46kcal/day in 2018, triple the MEG in 2004.Conclusions: The detailed heterogeneous trends of the EIG explain the obesity patterns for different subpopulations in Belgium and could be used to model the differential effects of specific nutrition policies targeting energy intake.
How financial Crisis Effect the Dynamics of Exchange rate? Revisit the Portfolio Balance Model in the presence of financial Crisis
Authors: Hina Hafsa , Najeeb Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper the influence of financial crisis on dynamics of exchange rate is captured by modifying the Portfolio balance model of Branson et al. (1985). This modification is based on the assumption that financial crisis originates in a foreign country and transmits to a small country via financial markets. It alters the preferred portfolio composition by influencing the need for domestic and international bonds. After establishing the basic conceptual framework, the effect of financial crisis on exchange rate is investigated in two scenarios. First case has considered a small domestic economy with no internal crisis. The emergence of a financial crisis in this case causes the currency to appreciate by rising demand for domestic financial assets while decreasing demand for international financial assets. Case two has considered the opposite economy which is experiencing a serious internal crisis at the time of external financial crisis. Hence, financial crisis originated in the foreign country affects the small country’s growth by reducing its ability to attract the capital funds from abroad. The domestic investor then speculates that financial crisis further worsens the economic growth and weakens the domestic currency which further makes the domestic bond relatively riskier than foreign bond. This motivates them to change the structure of portfolio investment by shifting their money out of domestic bonds to foreign bonds and consequently it depreciates the domestic currency. Finally, the empirical validity of second case is confirmed for Pakistan.
Dual mode of action of Talaromyces purpureogenus CFRM02 pigment to ameliorate alcohol induced liver toxicity in rats
Authors: Pandit Saritha Gopal , Mekala Krishna Prashanth Ramesh , Puttananjaiah Mohankumari H. , Peddha Muthukumar Serva , Dhale Mohan Appasaheb 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Talaromyces purpureogenus CFRM02 pigment exhibited antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals. The alcohol feeding lead to free radical generation causing pathophysiological processes of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and alcoholic hepatitis. The T. purpureogenus CFRM02 pigment administered to rats ameliorated the ALD by scavenging ROS. The haematological analysis revealed the increased neutrophil circulation. The neutrophil infiltration was observed in the hepatocytes of the rats fed with pigment (600 mg/kg body weight). The increase in number of neutrophils help in the liver regeneration caused by alcoholic hepatitis. The dual mechanism of action of pigment, antioxidant and liver regeneration through neutrophil production is attributed to alleviate the ALD. These results suggested T. purpureogenus CFRM02 pigment represents a novel protective and therapeutic strategy against ALD.