bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Fluorescent Cage for Supramolecular Sensing of 3‐Nitrotyrosine in Human Blood Serum
Authors: Pérez‐Márquez Lidia A. , Perretti Marcelle D. , García‐Rodríguez Raúl , Lahoz Fernando , Carrillo Romen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract3‐Nitrotyrosine (NT) is generated by the action of peroxynitrite and other reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and as a consequence it is accumulated in inflammation‐associated conditions. This is particularly relevant in kidney disease, where NT concentration in blood is considerably high. Therefore, NT is a crucial biomarker of renal damage, although it has been underestimated in clinical diagnosis due to the lack of an appropriate sensing method. Herein we report the first fluorescent supramolecular sensor for such a relevant compound: Fluorescence by rotational restriction of tetraphenylethenes (TPE) in a covalent cage is selectively quenched in human blood serum by 3‐nitrotyrosine (NT) that binds to the cage with high affinity, allowing a limit of detection within the reported physiological concentrations of NT in chronic kidney disease.
Metal‐Free Temperature‐Controlled Regiodivergent Borylative Cyclizations of Enynes: BCl3‐Promoted Skeletal Rearrangement
Authors: Milián Ana , Fernández‐Rodríguez Manuel A. , Merino Estíbaliz , Vaquero Juan J. , García‐García Patricia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMetal‐free borylative cyclization of biphenyl‐embedded 1,3,5‐trien‐7‐ynes in the presence of simple and inexpensive BCl3 provided synthetically useful borylated building blocks. The outcome of the process depends on the reaction temperature, with borylated phenanthrenes obtained at 60 °C and phenanthrene‐fused borylated cyclobutanes formed at 0 °C. Based on DFT calculations, a mechanism for these novel transformations has been proposed, which involves an uncommon skeletal rearrangement, including migration of a methyl group and alkyne fragmentation, unprecedented in BCl3‐promoted cyclization reactions.
Rapid High‐Contrast Photoreversible Coloration of Surface‐Functionalized N‐Doped TiO2Nanocrystals for Rewritable Light‐Printing
Authors: Aleisa Rashed , Feng Ji , Ye Zuyang , Yin Yadong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPristine titanium dioxide (TiO2) changes color from white to black when it is reduced from TiIVto TiIIIby photoexcited electrons. However, the black coloration requires substantial light energy to create, and it vanishes instantaneously upon exposure to air. This work reports the synthesis of surface‐functionalized N‐doped TiO2nanocrystals that rapidly change color (i.e., within seconds) from whitish to black under low‐power irradiation with excellent color stability in atmospheric conditions. The N‐doping plays a critical role in promoting the surface‐adsorption of polyol groups to stabilize the TiIIIspecies and accelerate the coloration process. A rewritable paper fabricated using these nanocrystals exhibits excellent writing and erasing reversibility in response to UV irradiation and oxygen exposure. The low‐cost, rapid response, excellent reversibility, and good color stability are vital advantages of N‐doped TiO2nanocrystals for color‐switching applications.
Induction of Diverse Cryptic Fungal Metabolites by Steroids and Channel Blockers
Authors: Lee Seoung Rak , Seyedsayamdost Mohammad R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFungi offer a deep source of natural products but remain underutilized. Most biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that can be detected are silent or “cryptic” in standard lab cultures and their products are thus not interrogated in routine screens. As genetic alterations are difficult and some strains can only be grown on agar, we have herein applied an agar‐based high‐throughput chemical genetic screen to identify inducers of fungal BGCs. Using R. solani and S. sclerotiorum as test cases, we report 13 cryptic metabolites in four compound groups, including sclerocyclane, a natural product with a novel scaffold. Steroids were the best elicitors and follow‐up studies showed that plant‐steroids trigger sclerocyclane synthesis, which shows antibiotic activity against B. plantarii, an ecological competitor of S. sclerotiorum. Our results open new paths to exploring the chemical ecology of fungal‐plant interactions and provide a genetics‐free approach for uncovering cryptic fungal metabolites.
Iron‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Arene C(sp2)−H Amidations under Mechanochemical Conditions
Authors: Shi Peng , Tu Yongliang , Kong Deshen , Wu Peng , Ma Ding , Bolm Carsten 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn a ball mill, FeBr3‐catalyzed intramolecular amidations lead to 3,4‐dihydro‐2(1H)‐quinolinones in good to almost quantitative yields. The reactions do not require a solvent and are easy to perform. No additional ligand is needed for the iron catalyst. Both 4‐substituted aryl and β‐substituted dioxazolones provide products with high selectivity. Mechanistically, an electrophilic spirocyclization followed by C−C migration explains the formation of rearranged products.
Novel fluorescent chemosensor sensitively detect copper (II) through the collaboration of quinoline and coumarin groups
Authors: Jiang Ji‐Quan , Zhang You‐Ming , Wei Tai‐Bao , Yao Hong , Lin Qi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCopper ion (Cu2+) plays important role in life system and industry; therefore, efficient detection of Cu2+ is very important. To improve the selectivity and sensitivity of Cu2+, herein, quinoline and coumarin groups were rationally employed into a novel fluorescent sensor CQ to efficiently sensing Cu2+ through the collaboration of these two groups. Interestingly, the CQ possesses aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties and shows nice selective and sensitive fluorescent response to Cu2+. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) for Cu2+ is 2.81 × 10−8 M. Moreover, the Cu2+ sensing process has good anti‐interference properties. The possible recognition mechanism was investigated by experiments and theoretical calculations, which supplied a deep insight not only on the collaboration of the quinoline and coumarin groups in the Cu2+ recognition process but also on the charge transfer induced fluorescent response mechanism. The results show that the CQ could specifically detect Cu2+ via the collaboration of the quinoline and coumarin groups through multiple coordination interactions. Importantly, test strips based on CQ were fabricated, which could act as test kits for convenient and efficient detection of Cu2+.
Application of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride to polylactic acid/polyphenylene block copolymer antibacterial composite membranes: Manufacturing technique and property evaluations
Authors: Jhang Jia‐Ci , Cheng Chiao‐Chi , Huang Chen‐Hung , Chen Yueh‐Sheng , Lin Jia‐Horng , Lou Ching‐Wen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid (PLA) possesses many advantages, especially biodegradability, and has subsequently been used in many regions. Unfortunately, its disadvantages, including its brittleness, become an obstacle to its application and constrain its development. In this study, Polystyrene‐b‐poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐butene)‐b‐polystyrene (SEBS) is used as the toughener and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MA) is used as the compatibilizer. The melt‐blending technique for polymers is employed to modify PLA in order to produce PLA/SEBS membranes. For PLA/SEBS membranes, the optimal matrices are made of a blending ratio of PLA/SEBS/PP‐g‐MA being 57/40/3. Next, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHGH) is combined with the optimal membranes to form PLA/SEBS antibacterial membranes, the crystallinity, thermal properties, and antibacterial properties of which are examined to determine the effect of the PHGH content. The test results show that an appropriate content of SEBS or PHGH has a positive influence on PLA/SEBS antibacterial membranes. Moreover, the antibacterial membranes exhibit greater antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli (E. coli) than is gained with an increase in the PHGH content.
The Farm Hall Transcripts: The Smoking Gun That Wasn't
Authors: Dahn Ryan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOver 75 years after their creation, the Farm Hall transcripts remain a tantalizing source from the dawn of the atomic age in 1945. Declassified in 1992, the transcripts document ten prominent German nuclear physicists, including Werner Heisenberg, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, and Otto Hahn, contemplating the Nazi defeat, their complicity in the German war machine, and – after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima – whether they truly intended to build a nuclear weapon for Adolf Hitler. As a written record of conversations, one might expect the transcripts to be the proverbial smoking gun that determines, once and for all, whether German physicists intended to build a nuclear weapon for the Nazi regime. Yet the Farm Hall transcripts have been used to support starkly divergent arguments. Some have used them to assert that the Germans would have willingly provided Hitler with a bomb if only they could; others view them as evidence of scientific resistance inside the Nazi regime. This article explores why the Farm Hall transcripts are not the smoking gun they appear to be.
CpPosNeg: A positive‐negative selection strategy allowing multiple cycles of marker‐free engineering of the Chlamydomonas plastome
Authors: Jackson Harry O. , Taunt Henry N. , Mordaka Paweł M. , Kumari Sujata , Smith Alison G , Purton Saul 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe chloroplast represents an attractive compartment for light‐driven biosynthesis of recombinant products, and advanced synthetic biology tools are available for engineering the chloroplast genome ( = plastome) of several algal and plant species. However, producing commercial lines will likely require several plastome manipulations. This presents issues with respect to selectable markers, since there are a limited number available, they can be used only once in a serial engineering strategy, and it is undesirable to retain marker genes for antibiotic resistance in the final transplastome. To address these problems, we have designed a rapid iterative selection system, known as CpPosNeg, for the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that allows creation of marker‐free transformants starting from wild‐type strains. The system employs a dual marker encoding a fusion protein of E. coli aminoglycoside adenyltransferase (AadA: conferring spectinomycin resistance) and a variant of E. coli cytosine deaminase (CodA: conferring sensitivity to 5‐fluorocytosine). Initial selection on spectinomycin allows stable transformants to be established and driven to homoplasmy. Subsequent selection on 5‐fluorocytosine results in rapid loss of the dual marker through intramolecular recombination between the 3′UTR of the marker and the 3′UTR of the introduced transgene. We demonstrate the versatility of the CpPosNeg system by serial introduction of reporter genes into the plastome.
Comprehensive assessment of host cell protein expression after extended culture and bioreactor production of CHO cell lines
Authors: Hamaker Nathaniel K. , Min Lie , Lee Kelvin H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe biomanufacturing industry is advancing toward continuous processes that will involve longer culture durations and older cell ages. These upstream trends may bring unforeseen challenges for downstream purification due to fluctuations in host cell protein (HCP) levels. To understand the extent of HCP expression instability exhibited by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells over these time scales, an industry‐wide consortium collaborated to develop a study to characterize age‐dependent changes in HCP levels across 30, 60, and 90 cell doublings, representing a period of approximately 60 days. A monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐producing cell line with bulk productivity up to 3 g/L in a bioreactor was aged in parallel with its parental CHO‐K1 host. Subsequently, both cell types at each age were cultivated in an automated bioreactor system to generate harvested cell culture fluid (HCCF) for HCP analysis. More than 1500 HCPs were quantified using complementary proteomic techniques, two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). While up to 13% of proteins showed variable expression with age, more changes were observed when comparing between the two cell lines with up to 47% of HCPs differentially expressed. A small subset (50 HCPs) with age‐dependent expression were previously reported to be problematic as high‐risk and/or difficult‐to‐remove impurities; however, the vast majority of these were downregulated with age. Our findings suggest that HCP expression changes over this time scale may not be as dramatic and pose as great of a challenge to downstream processing as originally expected but that monitoring of variably expressed problematic HCPs remains critical.
Monitoring and control of the release of soluble O2 from H2O2 inside porous enzyme carrier for O2 supply to an immobilized d‐amino acid oxidase
Authors: Schelch Sabine , Bolivar Juan M. , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile O2 substrate for bio‐transformations in bulk liquid is routinely provided from entrained air or O2 gas, tailored solutions of O2 supply are required when the bio‐catalysis happens spatially confined to the microstructure of a solid support. Release of soluble O2 from H2O2 by catalase is promising, but spatiotemporal control of the process is challenging to achieve. Here, we show monitoring and control by optical sensing within a porous carrier of the soluble O2 formed by an immobilized catalase upon feeding of H2O2. The internally released O2 is used to drive the reaction of d‐amino acid oxidase (oxidation of d‐methionine) that is co‐immobilized with the catalase in the same carrier. The H2O2 is supplied in portions at properly timed intervals, or continuously at controlled flow rate, to balance the O2 production and consumption inside the carrier so as to maintain the internal O2 concentration in the range of 100–500 µM. Thus, enzyme inactivation by excess H2O2 is prevented and gas formation from the released O2 is avoided at the same time. The reaction rate of the co‐immobilized enzyme preparation is shown to depend linearly on the internal O2 concentration up to the air‐saturated level. Conversions at a 200 ml scale using varied H2O2 feed rate (0.04–0.18 mmol/min) give the equivalent production rate from d‐methionine (200 mM) and achieve rate enhancement by ∼1.55‐fold compared to the same oxidase reaction under bubble aeration. Collectively, these results show an integrated strategy of biomolecular engineering for tightly controlled supply of O2 substrate from H2O2 into carrier‐immobilized enzymes. By addressing limitations of O2 supply via gas‐liquid transfer, especially at the microscale, this can be generally useful to develop specialized process strategies for O2‐dependent biocatalytic reactions.
The role of radical innovation in circular strategy deployment
Authors: Arekrans Johan , Ritzén Sofia , Laurenti Rafael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCircular economy (CE) is gaining interest among industrial firms in light of sustainability concerns, and several incumbent firms are integrating it into their strategy. In this study, we scrutinize learnings from three large established industrial firms with a clear CE agenda and that are front‐runners in CE strategy deployment. We analyze exploitation and exploration approaches to CE and problematize how these approaches relate to radical innovation, which we argue is critical for achieving CE. Semi‐structured interviews (n = 30) were used to collect data. We found several issues referring to (1) challenges and approaches to normative management, (2) how the innovation ecosystem is engaged, (3) how goals and metrics relate to CE, and (4) resources and coordination regarding the CE initiative. Overall, current exploitative approaches are favored over explorative, mirroring an undesired imbalance between the two. We suggest several ways to counteract this. For example, (1) addressing existing norms so that they align with the ambitions in CE, (2) actively managing collaboration in the innovation ecosystem, including radically new setups of different actors, and (3) that managers need to carefully consider when and how to use goals and measurements in a circular strategy deployment, to foster both radical and incremental innovation.
Which institutional investors drive corporate sustainability? A systematic literature review
Authors: Velte Patrick 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this article, we review recent archival research (66 studies) on the influence of institutional ownership (IO) heterogeneity on corporate sustainability. Relying on an agency‐theoretical framework, we differentiate between various types of IO and their nature. We found that most prior research concentrates on the impact of IO heterogeneity on corporate sustainability performance. Long‐term, sustainable, and foreign IO leads to better ESG/CSR outputs. Based on the business case argument for corporate sustainability, long‐term institutional investors moderate the positive link between corporate sustainability and future financial performance. We provide useful recommendations for future research by focusing on endogeneity concerns as methodological challenges and content‐related proposals for future research designs.
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking of Novel Quinazolinone Hydrazide Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Fang Ze‐Yu , Zhang Yi‐Heng , Chen Chong‐Hao , Zheng Qi , Lv Peng‐Cheng , Ni Lei‐Qiang , Sun Juan , Wu Yuan‐Feng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA series of novel quinazolinone hydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesized as EGFR inhibitors. The results indicated that most of the aimed compounds had potential anti‐tumor cell proliferation and EGFR inhibitory activities. In the comprehensive analysis of all the tested compounds, the target compound 9c showed the best anti‐tumor cell proliferation activity, (IC50=1.31 μM for MCF‐7, IC50=1.89 μM for HepG2, IC50=2.10 μM for SGC), and IC50=0.59 μM for the EGFR inhibitory activity. Docking results showed that compound 9c could ideally insert the active site and interact with the critical amino acid residues (Val702, Lys721, Met769, Asp831) in the active site.
Concrescence of the right maxillary second and third molars: A case report
Authors: Xu Yan , Sun Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHerein, we reported a rare case of concrescence of #17 and #18, including the clinical and imaging findings. After extracting the concrescence, the fistula on #17 gradually disappeared. In addition, we analyzed the histological etiology and clinical diagnosis and treatment of concrescence from the sight of periodontal functional stimulation.
Flexible MXene films for batteries and beyond
Authors: Huang Yang , Lu Qiongqiong , Wu Dianlun , Jiang Yue , Liu Zhenjie , Chen Bin , Zhu Minshen , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMXenes add dozens of metallic conductors to the family of two‐dimensional (2D) materials. A top‐down synthesis approach removing A‐layer atoms (e.g., Al, Si, and Ga) in MAX phases to produce 2D flakes attaches various surface terminations to MXenes. With these terminations, MXenes show tunable properties, promising a range of applications from energy storage devices to electronics, including sensors, transistors, and antennas. MXenes are also excellent building blocks to create flexible films used for flexible and wearable devices. This article summarizes the synthesis of MXene flakes and highlights aspects that need attention for flexible devices. Rather than listing the development of energy storage devices in detail, we focus on the main challenges of and solutions for constructing high‐performance devices. Moreover, we show the applications of MXene films in electronics to call on designs to construct a complete system based on MXene with good flexibility, which consists of a power source, sensors, transistors, and wireless communications.
Remote Effect from Boron Cluster: Tunable Photophysical Properties of o‐Carborane‐Based Luminogens
Authors: Guo Lihao , Yu Xiao , Du Jiahui , Li Wei , Bregadze Vladimir , Tu Deshuang , Lu Changsheng , Yan Hong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe proposed a new molecular design strategy that the o‐carboranyl group is attached as “an innocent unit” to the remote side of luminogens to tune photophysical properties. To verify this strategy, two o‐carborane‐based compounds with asymmetric molecular geometry were designed and synthesized. Photophysical properties of o‐carborane‐based luminogens were investigated on the basis of UV‐Vis spectra, photoluminescence spectra, crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations. The results indicate that the o‐carboranyl group has a slight effect on the energy gap between the ground state (S0) and the first excited state (S1) in the solution state but a significant effect on the energy gap between S0 and S1 in the solid state. Besides, the radiative and non‐radiative transition processes are modulated by the o‐carboranyl unit. This leads to emission quenching in the solution state but an enhanced luminous efficiency in the aggregate state with a typical aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) property.
Driving the Active Site Incorporation in Zeolitic Materials via the Organic Structure‐Directing Agent Through Development of H‐Bonds with Hydroxyl Groups
Authors: Bernardo‐Maestro Beatriz , Li Jian , Pérez‐Pariente Joaquín , López‐Arbeloa Fernando , Gómez‐Hortigüela Luis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract(1S,2S)‐N‐methyl‐pseudoephedrine (MPS) was used as organic structure‐directing agent (OSDA) for the synthesis of Mg‐doped nanoporous aluminophosphates. This molecule displays a particular conformational behavior, where the presence of H‐bond donor and acceptor groups provide a rigid conformational space with one asymmetric conformation preferentially occurring. MPS drives the crystallization of Mg‐containing AFI materials. Characterization of these materials shows that the OSDA incorporate as protonated species, arranged as head‐to‐tail monomers. Combination of three‐dimensional electron diffraction with high‐resolution synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction allowed to locate both the Mg and the organic species. Interestingly, results showed that the spatial incorporation of Mg is driven by the hydroxyl groups of the organic cation through the development of H‐bonds with negatively‐charged MgO4 tetrahedra. This work demonstrates that H‐bond forming groups can be used to drive the spatial incorporation of low‐valent dopants within zeolitic frameworks, a highly desired aim in order to control their catalytic activity and selectivity.
A Porous Sulfonated 2D Zirconium Metal–Organic Framework as a Robust Platform for Proton Conduction
Authors: Szufla Monika , Choroś Aleksandra , Nitek Wojciech , Matoga Dariusz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBy using the strategy of pre‐assembly chlorosulfonation applied to a linker precursor, the first sulfonated zirconium metal–organic framework (JUK‐14) with two‐dimensional (2D) structure, was synthesized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction reveals that the material is built of Zr6O4(OH)4(COO)8 oxoclusters, doubly 4‐connected by angular dicarboxylates, and stacked in layers spaced 1.5 nm apart by the presence of sulfonic groups. JUK‐14 exhibits excellent hydrothermal stability, permanent porosity confirmed by gas adsorption studies, and shows high (>10−4 S/cm) and low (<10−8 S/cm) proton conductivity under humidified and anhydrous conditions, respectively. Post‐synthesis inclusion of imidazole improves the overall conductivity increasing it to 1.7×10−3 S/cm at 60 °C and 90 % relative humidity, and by 3 orders of magnitude at 160 °C. The combination of 2D porous nature with robustness of zirconium MOFs offers new opportunities for exploration of the material towards energy and environmental applications.