bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of 71 cardiovascular disease-related plasma proteins with pulmonary function in the community
Authors: McNeill Jenna N. , Lee Dong Heon , Hwang Shih-Jen , Courchesne Paul , Yao Chen , Huan Tianxiao , Joehanes Roby , O’Connor George T. , Ho Jennifer E. , Levy Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Rationale
It has been speculated that shared mechanisms underlie respiratory and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including systemic inflammation or mutual risk factors. In this context, we sought to examine the associations of CVD-related plasma proteins with lung function as measured by spirometry in a large community-based cohort of adults.

Methods
The study included 5777 Framingham Heart Study participants who had spirometry and measurement of 71 CVD-related plasma proteins. The association of plasma proteins with lung function was assessed cross-sectionally and longitudinally using models accounting for familial correlations. Linear mixed models were used for the following measurements: FEV1%predicted, FVC%predicted, and FEV1/FVC ratio with secondary analyses examining obstructive and restrictive physiology at baseline and their new onset during follow up.

Measurements and main results
Among the 71 CVD-related plasma proteins, 13 proteins were associated in cross-sectional analyses with FEV1%predicted, 17 proteins were associated with FVC%predicted, and 1 protein was associated with FEV1/FVC. The proteins with the greatest inverse relations to FEV1%predicted and FVC%predicted included leptin, adrenomedullin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; in contrast there were three proteins with positive relations to FEV1%predicted and FVC%predicted including insulin growth factor binding protein 2, tetranectin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products. In longitudinal analyses, three proteins were associated with longitudinal change in FEV1 (ΔFEV1) and four with ΔFVC; no proteins were associated with ΔFEV1/FVC.

Conclusion
Our findings highlight CVD-related plasma proteins that are associated with lung function including markers of inflammation, adiposity, and fibrosis, representing proteins that may contribute both to respiratory and CVD risk.
The health impacts of a 4-month long community-wide COVID-19 lockdown: Findings from a prospective longitudinal study in the state of Victoria, Australia
Authors: Griffiths Daniel , Sheehan Luke , Petrie Dennis , van Vreden Caryn , Whiteford Peter , Collie Alex 
Published: April 2022

Objectives
To determine health impacts during, and following, an extended community lockdown and COVID-19 outbreak in the Australian state of Victoria, compared with the rest of Australia.

Methods
A national cohort of 898 working-age Australians enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study, completing surveys before, during, and after a 112-day community lockdown in Victoria (8 July– 27 October 2020). Outcomes included psychological distress, mental and physical health, work, social interactions and finances. Regression models examined health changes during and following lockdown.

Results
The Victorian lockdown led to increased psychological distress. Health impacts coincided with greater social isolation and work loss. Following the extended lockdown, mental health, work and social interactions recovered to an extent whereby no significant long-lasting effects were identified in Victoria compared to the rest of Australia.

Conclusion
The Victorian community lockdown had adverse health consequences, which reversed upon release from lockdown. Governments should weigh all potential health impacts of lockdown. Services and programs to reduce the negative impacts of lockdown may include increases in mental health care, encouraging safe social interactions and supports to maintain employment relationships.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, hesitancy, and associated factors among medical students in Sudan
Authors: Raja Saud Mohammed , Osman Murwan Eissa , Musa Abdelmageed Osman , Hussien Asim Abdelmoneim , Yusuf Kabirat 
Published: April 2022

Background
The COVID-19 vaccination in Sudan launched in March 2021 but the extent of its acceptance has not been formally studied. This study aimed to determine the acceptance and hesitancy of the COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among medical students in Sudan.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire designed on Google Form and sent to randomly-selected medical students via their Telegram accounts from 30th June to 11th July 2021. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression were used to assess the association between vaccine acceptance and demographic as well as non-demographic factors.

Results
Out of the 281 students who received the questionnaire, 220 (78%) responded, of whom 217 consented and completed the form. Males accounted for 46. 1%. Vaccine acceptance was 55. 8% (n = 121), and vaccine hesitancy was 44. 2% (n = 96). The commonly cited reasons for accepting the vaccine were to protect themselves and others from getting COVID-19. Concerns about vaccine safety and effectiveness were the main reasons reported by those who were hesitant. Factors associated with vaccine acceptance were history of COVID-19 infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2. 2, 95% CI 1. 0–4.7, p = 0. 040), belief that vaccines are generally safe (aOR = 2.3, 95% CI 1. 2–4.5, p = 0.020), confidence that the vaccine can end the pandemic (aOR = 7.5, 95% CI 2. 5–22. 0, p<0.001), and receiving any vaccine in the past 5 years (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.4, p = 0.031). No demographic association was found with the acceptance of the vaccine.

Conclusions
This study has revealed a high level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. Efforts to provide accurate information on COVID-19 vaccine safety and effectiveness are highly recommended.
FGF7 peptide (FGF7p) mimetic mitigates bladder urothelial injury from cyclophosphamide
Authors: Narla Sridhar Tatarao , Rice Lori , Ostrov David , Swarts Steven G. , Siemann Dietmar W. , Bushnell Daniel Scott , Holden Jacqueline G. , Duara Joanne Lindsey , Bates Carlton Matthew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAlthough full‐length fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) blocks cyclophosphamide‐induced urothelial apoptosis in mice, limitations include high production costs because of its large size. We previously identified a small peptide derived from FGF2 that mitigated acute radiation syndrome as well as full‐length FGF2. Based on the sequence of the FGF2 peptide, we synthesized a corresponding 19 amino acid FGF7 peptide (FGF7p). Our objectives were to determine if systemic FGF7p triggered the downstream targets and protected against cyclophosphamide bladder injury similar to full‐length FGF7. We administered FGF7p or vehicle subcutaneously (SQ) to mice subjected to no injury or intraperitoneal (IP) cyclophosphamide and harvested bladders 1 day after injury. We then performed hematoxylin and eosin, TUNEL and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. In uninjured mice, a 20 mg/kg threshold FGF7p dose induced expression of phosphorylated (activated) FRS2α (pFRS2α), and pAKT in urothelium (consistent with cytoprotective effects of FGF7). We then gave FGF7p (20 mg/kg) or vehicle at 72 and 48 h prior to cyclophosphamide. One day after injury, TUNEL staining revealed many more apoptotic urothelial cells with vehicle treatment versus FGF7p treatment. IF for pAKT and readouts of two anti‐apoptotic AKT targets (BAD and mTORC1) revealed minimal staining with vehicle treatment, but strong urothelial expression for all markers with FGF7p treatment. In conclusion, FGF7p appears to block bladder urothelial apoptosis via AKT and its targets, similar to FGF7. FGF7p is much more inexpensive to make and has a longer shelf life and higher purity than FGF7.
On the transcendental entire and meromorphic solutions of certain non-linear generalized delay-differential equations
Authors: Banerjee Abhijit , Biswas Tania 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The prime intention of this paper is to study the conditions under which certain non-linear generalized delay-differential equations possess a solution. In this respect, by extending and improving recent results of [5, 15], we characterize the nature of solutions. By providing relevant examples in a remark, we also show that for the uniqueness of solutions the conditions on the Borel exceptional value can not be removed. Finally, to determine explicitly all forms of the solutions of a traditional generalized delay-differential equation, we deal with the situation under the aegis of generalized c-delay-differential equations. We exhibit some examples to show that the conclusions of the theorems actually occur.
On λ-Changhee–Hermite polynomials
Authors: Pathan M. A. , Khan Waseem A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new class of
λ-analogues of the Changhee–Hermite polynomials and
generalized Gould–Hopper–Appell type λ-Changhee polynomials,
and present some properties and identities of these polynomials.
A new class of polynomials generalizing different classes of Hermite
polynomials such as the real Gould–Hopper, as well as the 1D and 2D holomorphic,
ternary and polyanalytic complex Hermite polynomials and their relationship to the Appell type
λ-Changhee polynomials are also discussed.
Schreiben in informellen Kontexten
Authors: Busch Florian 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Im Zuge der Digitalisierung des kommunikativen Alltags wandelt sich auch die gesellschaftliche Rolle von Schriftlichkeit. Der Beitrag zeichnet nach, wie sich Schreibpraktiken entlang der zwei Modi des textorientierten Schreibens und des interaktionsorientierten Schreibens (Storrer 2018) ausdifferenzieren und weshalb sich dieser Prozess insbesondere am literalen Alltag von Jugendlichen beobachten lässt. Um zu argumentieren, dass Jugendliche je nach Schreibkontext von unterschiedlichen Schreibregistern Gebrauch machen, die auf einer metakommunikativen Bewusstheit fußen, gibt der Beitrag schließlich Einblick in die Ergebnisse einer jüngst publizierten Studie zur digitalen Alltagsschriftlichkeit von Jugendlichen.
Maximum number of limit cycles for generalized Kukles differential system
Authors: Melki Houdeifa , Makhlouf Amar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We apply the averaging theory of first and second order to a class of generalized polynomial Kukles differential systems, which can bifurcate from the periodic orbits of the linear center

x
˙

=
y

{\dot{x}=y}

,

y
˙

=

-
x

{\dot{y}=-x}

, in order to study the maximum number of limit cycles of these systems.
On the Banks of Muddy Waters: Ayako Miura’s Soulful Adaptation of the Story of Job
Authors: Takagi Shinji 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article explores Ayako Miura’s Deiryū Chitai [“Mudflow Zone”] as a case study of the reception of the story of Job in Japanese literature. Despite the absence of righteous suffering as a theme, and its structural dissimilarity from the biblical book, this work should be read as a Joban adaptation where personal suffering is replaced by systemic suffering, and personal righteousness by social justice. Miura’s Job is the patient Job of the New Testament (Jas 5:11), but this Job, while accepting his lot in life without complaining, does not turn a blind eye to injustice around him. Miura’s message is that, in the face of one’s own suffering, whatever the cause, a Christian must not forget to love one’s neighbor. Not only does the story depict the struggle of a destitute man who, out of unconditional love, never gives up trying to rescue a victim of social injustice, but it also extols the lives of those who transform themselves to become serviceable and restore justice in the world. Set against the Exodus story of bondage and liberation, the work bespeaks the transformative power of a Christian life.
Perfunctory gamification in the world of second language learning
Authors: Opacki Marcin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Gamification is a trend that is steadfastly increasing in popularity in several fields that involve learning. Several concepts borne out of this have recently been applied with the intent to facilitate second language learning. This is most notably visible in the form of apps and online teaching courses that take advantage of mechanics that are drawn directly from video game design principles. In the context of language learning, the incorporation of game mechanics can be used to construct effective systems of incentive and ultimately enrich the FL learning experience in various ways, potentially resulting in improved outcomes. However, the prevailing trend in the gamification of language learning apps is to rely on a Black Hat gamification mechanics. These are propagated without much reflection in manner that can only be described as perfunctory gamification. Nevertheless, the subpopulation of so-called hardcore gamers is not only unsusceptible to these techniques, but exhibits a strong aversion to them. As a result, hardcore gamers are for the most part functionally excluded from the pool of potential CALL app users. The present work outlines several potential solutions to the problem of perfunctory game design practices that alienate hardcore gamers. Chief among these is the proposal to actively work towards a paradigm shift from gamification towards game-based learning.
Serum zinc associated with immunity and inflammatory markers in Covid-19
Authors: Joulaei Hassan , Keshani Parisa , Foroozanfar Zohre , Zamanian Daniel , Hassani Amirhossein , Parvizi Fateme , Khadem Yasaman , Omidifar Navid , Davarpanah Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to assess the association between serum zinc level with some inflammatory and immunity factors and the duration of hospitalization and mortality rate in patients diagnosed with Covid-19. In this cross-sectional study, blood samples were taken from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive patients. New patients diagnosed with Covid-19, admitted to different public hospital wards, were considered eligible for entering the study. The study was done on 179 hospitalized patients diagnosed with Covid-19. Fourteen patients died during the hospitalization and the in-hospital mortality rate was 7.8%, with 9.1% (13 patients) of patients with serum zinc level less than 70 mcg/dL and 3.4% (1 patient) of patients with zinc levels more than 70 mcg/dL. Higher levels of zinc were significantly associated with a higher and lower level of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (p-value = 0.035) and interleukin (IL)-6 (p-value = 0.004), respectively. The level of serum zinc did not have a significant association with mortality even after adjusting for confounding factors. The relationship between zinc level and the duration of hospitalization was also not significant. In conclusion, serum zinc level had an association with IL-6 and IFN-γ level, but it did not have any significant association with hospital duration or mortality.
The effect of some office papers quality characteristics on offset printing process
Authors: Mertoğlu Elmas Gülnur , Karabulut Beyza , Sönmez Sinan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study was aimed to examine the effects of basic properties, fiber morphological properties, strength properties, wettability and optical properties on offset printing of office papers. Widely used office papers with different brands were obtained from Istanbul-Turkey. Technical characteristics of papers; basic properties, strength properties including tensile, burst, tear, and Z direction tensile strength and optical properties such as gloss, whiteness, opacity, and wettability tests were determined according to TAPPI and ISO standards. The results obtained by the tests are as follows; i) there is a great difference in water resistance between the top and the lowest values (207 %), ii) there is little difference between the highest and the lowest brightness value (3.8 %), other papers values have close to each other, iii) in the printing process there is a little difference between the highest, and the lowest gloss values (36.7 %), although the others are close iv) the highest and lowest values in CIE C* showed that it ranged from the narrowest color gamut to the widest color gamut. By applying the widely used offset printing process to commercially produced office papers, the quality levels were evaluated to raise awareness of consumers and sellers.
Die rechtlich-religiöse Ideenwelt in Lesja Ukraïnkas dramatischer Dichtung Rechtsanwalt Martian (1911)
Authors: Dagovych Tetyana 
Published: April 2022

Summary
This article explains the juridical-religious conception behind Lesia Ukrainka’s dramatic poem Martian, the Lawyer (1911), which depicts the life of early Christians under Roman law in the third century. For the protagonist Martian, who is a lawyer and Christian, early Christianity and the Roman law fuse into one ideology, which implies the juridical elements codified in early Christianity, as well as a belief in law as the incarnation of the idea of truth and justice. Therefore, there are no conflicts between law and religion, but human feeling and compassion disappear within this ideology – with tragic consequences.
Shared etiology of type 1 diabetes and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: a population-based twin study
Authors: Skov Jakob , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Magnusson Patrik K E , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia , Kämpe Olle , Bensing Sophie 
Published: April 2022

Objective
Type 1 diabetes and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis frequently cluster in individuals and in families, indicating shared origins. The objective of this study was to investigate familial co-aggregation of these diseases and to quantify shared genetic and environmental factors.

Design
This study is a twin cohort study.

Methods
National health registers were used to identify cases among 110 814 Swedish twins. Co-aggregation was calculated as risk ratios for type 1 diabetes among co-twins of individuals with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and vice-versa. Variance explained by genetics (i.e. heritability), and the proportions thereof shared between the diseases, was estimated by contrasting associations in monozygotic and dizygotic twins using structural equation models.

Results
Individuals with one disease were at a high risk for the other disease (adjusted risk ratio: 11.4 (95% CI: 8.5–15.3)). Co-aggregation was more common in monozygotic than in dizygotic pairs, with adjusted risk ratios of 7.0 (95% CI: 3.2–15.1) and 1.7 (95% CI: 0.7–4.1), respectively. Genetic effects shared across diseases accounted for 11% of the variance for type 1 diabetes and 9% of the variance for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, while environmental factors unique to individual twins, but shared across diseases, accounted for 10% of the variance for type 1 diabetes and 18% of the variance for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Conclusions
Both genes and environment unique to individual twins contribute to considerable etiologic overlap between type 1 diabetes and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. These findings add to the current knowledge on the mechanisms behind autoimmune disease clustering and could guide future research aimed at identifying pathophysiological mechanisms and intervention targets.
Temperature, heat shock proteins and growth regulation of the bone tissue
Authors: Kuibida V. V. , Kohanets P. P. , Lopatynska V. V. 
Published: April 2022

Ambient heat modulates the elongation of bones in mammals, and the mechanism of such a plasticity has not been studied completely. The influence of heat on growth and development of bone depends on its values. Five zones of temperature influence on the bone tissue with different biological effects have been distinguished : a) under-threshold thermal zone < 36.6 ºС, insufficient amount of heat is a limiting factor for osteogenesis; b) normal temperature zone 36.6‒37.5 ºС, the processes of breakdown and development of bone in this temperature range is balanced; b) zone of mild thermal shock 39‒41 ºС, the processes of functioning of osteoblasts, osteocytes and formation of the bone tissue intensify; d) the zone of sublethal thermal shock > 42 ºС, growth of bone slows; e) zone of non-critical shock > 50 ºС, bone tissue cells die. We propose a model of the mechanism of influence of heat shock on bone growth. Mild heat shock is a type of stress to which membrane enzymes adenylyl cyclase and cAMP-protein kinase react. Protein kinase A phosphorylates the gene factors of thermal shock proteins, stress proteins and enzymes of energy-generating processes – glycolysis and lipolysis. Heat shock protein HSP70 activates alkaline phosphatase and promotes the process of mineralization of the bone tissue. In the cells, there is intensification in syntheses of insulin-like growth factor-I, factors of mitogenic action, signals of intensification of blood circulation (NO) and synthesis of somatotropin. The affinity between insulin-like growth factor I and its acid-labile subunit decreases, leading to increased free and active insulin-like growth factor I. Against the background of acceleration of the capillarization process, energy generation and the level of stimulators of growth of bone tissue, mitotic and functional activities of producer cells of the bone – osteoblasts and osteocytes – activate. The generally known Allen’s rule has been developed and expanded: “Warm-blooded animals of different species have longer distal body parts (tails) if after birth the young have developed in the conditions of higher temperature”. The indicated tendency is realized through increased biosynthesis of heat shock proteins and other stimulators of growth processes in the bone tissue.
Distribution of the nematodes of the genus Eustrongylides (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae) in the world
Authors: Honcharov S. L. , Soroka N. M. , Halat M. V. , Dubovyi A. I. , Zhurenko V. V. , Halushko I. A. 
Published: April 2022

Eustrongylides spp. are nematodes from the Dioctophymatidae family, potentially dangerous for the health of mammals. The aim of this review is to describe the distribution of the Eustrongylides spp. nematode. Eustrongylidosis is a parasitic disease which is common in countries with a continental, tropical or subtropical climate. Eustrongylides are biohelminths with a complicated development cycle. The nematode development takes place in the aquatic environment and includes a wide range of intermediate, definitive, and accidental hosts. The purpose of this review is describe the distribution of Eustrongylides spp. nematodes in the global regions, describe the prevalence of infection in those regions, and identify intermediate, definitive, and accidental hosts. It was found that Eustrongylides spp. nematrodes are significantly widespread around the world. In part in North America the agent of eustrongylidosis is registered mostly among birds and fishes, but cases of humans being affected with the disease are noted as well. In South America the given disease was also registered among amphibians and reptiles. In Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania and countries of the Far East, the disease is registered mostly in fishes, rarely – in birds. The taxonomic identification showed that some nematode species were related to certain geographic areas. For example, Eustrongylides ignotus and Eu. tubifex were mostly registered in North America, while for Europe (including Ukraine), Near and Middle East, Eu. еxcisus is a dominant species. Analysis of scientific sources showed that continents with warmer climatic conditions (South America, Asia, etc.) are characterized with a wider range of fishes, birds and reptiles which can potentially serve as hosts for the Eustrongylides nematodes.