bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive exclusion and herbivore management in a context of livestock‐wildlife conflict
Authors: Marino Andrea , Rodríguez Victoria 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUnderstanding competitive interactions is essential to properly inform management strategies, in particular in the context of livestock‐wildlife conflict across a degraded land, such as the case of wild guanacos in Patagonia. Guanacos are historically perceived by ranchers as livestock’s main competitors, and there is a growing demand for reducing their numbers. However, both competition theory and available evidence suggest a more complex interaction than the one assumed by the current management approach. This study aimed to test the occurrence of competitive exclusion of guanacos by domestic sheep at intra‐ranch scale. We assessed the spatial segregation of guanacos and sheep and compared guanaco occupancy patterns within a sheep ranch with those recorded within an adjacent protected area free from livestock. The probability of a group of herbivores being sheep instead of guanacos increased in bottom valleys and smaller paddocks and decreased as the distance to water increased. These results agree with the expected patterns of sheep habitat use resulting from physiological restrictions and grazing behaviour. Occupancy patterns within the ranch showed a higher proportion of guanacos in ridges, away from water sources and in larger paddocks, opposing those observed in the sheep‐free area where guanacos occupied mostly bottom valleys, irrespective of the distance to water. Areas used consistently by guanacos showed a higher per cent cover of preferred forage and basal‐plant cover, indicating a better range condition than those used predominately by sheep. Our results add to the solid body of evidence on spatial segregation of these species at coarser spatial scales, support the competitive exclusion of guanacos by sheep and suggest that intra‐ranch coexistence is possible because guanacos occupy areas underused or inaccessible to sheep. Under these conditions, it is unlikely that guanaco culling will improve sheep production and the empirical verification of the assumptions underlying current management initiatives becomes crucial.
Phytohormones in galls on eucalypt trees and in the gall‐forming wasp Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Wang Wei , Guo Wenfeng , Tang Jun , Li Xiaoqiong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The role played by phytohormones in insect galls and the mechanisms underlying plant manipulation by gall makers are still unclear.
Galls made by Leptocybe invasa on two Eucalyptus species were sampled, the correlations between the levels of nine phytohormones in galls and gall size were analysed, and phytohormone levels in the interior and exterior tissues of galls and L. invasa were determined.
During two larval stages, the levels of three forms of cytokinins (CKs) in the galls of the two plant species all showed significantly positive correlations with gall size. Brassinosteroids (BRs) and dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR) occurred at significantly higher levels in the interior tissues of the galls compared to in the exterior tissues of galls. Isopentenyl adenosine (IPA) was significantly higher in L. invasa larvae themselves, compared to levels in the interior and exterior tissues of galls. However, the levels of DHZR and BR were significantly lower or similar in the L. invasa pupae compared to that in the interior and exterior tissues of the galls.
These findings indicate that phytohormones, especially CKs, act as key regulators of L. invasa galls, and that the larvae of L. invasa may themselves be a source of CKs.
How Organizational Capacity Can Improve Electoral Accountability
Authors: Foarta Dana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe organizational structure of the bureaucracy is a key determinant of policy outcomes. Bureaucratic agencies exhibit wide variation in their organizational capacity, which allows politicians to strategically shape policy implementation. This article examines what bureaucratic structure implies for the ability of voters to hold politicians electorally accountable. It explicitly models differences in organizational capacity across bureaucratic agencies and considers a problem where a politician must decide not only which policy to choose but which agency, or combination of agencies, will implement it. The choice of implementation feeds back into the choice of policy and this, in turn, affects how voters perceive the performance of the incumbent. This creates a chain of interdependence from agency structure to policy choice and political accountability. The formal model shows that the variation in organizational capacity serves the interests of voters by improving electoral control of politicians.
Palestinian counter‐forensics and the cruel paradox of property
Authors: KOHLBRY PAUL 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTIn disputes
between Palestinian landowners and the Israeli state, several Palestinian surveyors in the West Bank use Ottoman‐era deeds to establish preinvasion land claims. Through a distinct practice of counter‐forensics, these surveyors transform landscapes, documents, and local knowledge into evidence of property ownership. They seek to establish the fact of Palestinian ownership before Israeli invasion and to build a legal and political narrative in which the settler state marks a deviation from scientific objectivity, liberal norms, and international political community. Counter‐forensics is part of a living archive of land defense in which property claims are both provisional and universal. As surveyors move through the cruel paradox of property, they engage in an anti‐colonial legal practice that seeks to hold the collective territory of the nation through a technical negotiation over individual plots of land. Their efforts reveal how property rights fail to protect Palestinian land, as well as why these rights remain important for those who defend the land. [property, law, land, surveying, counter‐forensics, settler colonialism, West Bank, Israel/Palestine]
Limitations of arterial partial pressure of oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen ratio for the evaluation of donor lung function
Authors: Fumagalli Jacopo , Colombo Sebastiano Maria , Scaravilli Vittorio , Gori Francesca , Pesenti Antonio , Zanella Alberto , Grasselli Giacomo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of donor lung function relies on the arterial oxygen partial pressure to inspired oxygen fraction ratio (PaO2/FiO2) measurement. Hemodynamic, metabolic derangements, and therapeutic intervention occurring during brain dead observation may influence the evaluation of gas exchange.MethodsWe performed a mathematical analysis to explore the influence of the extrapulmonary determinants on the interpretation of PaO2/FiO2 in the brain‐dead donor and during Ex‐Vivo Lung Perfusion (EVLP).ResultsHigh FiO2 and increased mixed venous oxygen saturation, caused by increased delivery and reduced consumption of oxygen, raise the PaO2/FiO2 despite substantial intrapulmonary shunt. Anemia does not modify the PaO2/FiO2—intrapulmonary shunt relationship. During EVLP, the reduced artero‐venous difference in oxygen content increases the PaO2/FiO2 without this corresponding to an optimal graft function, while the reduced perfusate oxygen‐carrying capacity linearizes the PaO2/FiO2—intrapulmonary shunt relationship.ConclusionsAdopting PaO2/FiO2 to evaluate graft suitability for transplantation should account for extrapulmonary factors affecting its interpretation.
Supervisor–employee task conflict and supervisor ostracism: The moderating effect of interpersonal harmony values
Authors: Liu Cong , Li Ling , Li Hai , Bruk‐Lee Valentina , Ma Jie , Liu Ying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe examined the relationship among supervisor–employee task conflict, supervisor ostracism, and employee depression and job performance, as well as the moderating effect of supervisors' and employees' interpersonal harmony values. Data were collected from supervisors and employees at three timewaves. We found that supervisor–employee task conflict positively predicted supervisor ostracism, which in turn predicted higher employee depression and poorer job performance. The dualistic model of interpersonal harmony proposes that people show two motives in responding to conflicts while trying to maintain interpersonal harmony: an approach motive to promote high‐quality relationships (i.e. harmony enhancement) or an avoidance motive to prevent relationship disintegration (i.e. disintegration avoidance). From the supervisors' perspective, we found that supervisors' harmony enhancement values buffered the positive relationship between supervisor–employee task conflict and supervisor ostracism. From the employees' perspective, we found that employees' harmony enhancement values buffered whereas employees' disintegration avoidance value exacerbated the detrimental effect of supervisor ostracism on employee depression and job performance. Practical suggestions were offered to help both supervisors and employees manage workplace ostracism.
Editorial: intravenous to subcutaneous vedolizumab—switch without glitch!
Authors: Nadesalingam Vinoth , Subramanian Sreedhar 
Published: June 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Bergqvist et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16927 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17073
Letter: progressive weakening of the concept that gluten has a detrimental effect on mental health and gut symptoms in the absence of coeliac disease—authors’ reply
Authors: Crawley Cæcilie , Savino Nadia , Husby Steffen 
Published: June 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Crawley et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16914 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16963
The inclusion of detoxified castor bean meal in sugarcane silage increases the carcass weight and the content of unsaturated fatty acids in lamb meat
Authors: Oliveira Aline Cardoso , Garcia Rasmo , de Almeida Vitor Visintin Silva , Oliveira Hellenn Cardoso , Pires Aureliano José Vieira , Silva Robério Rodrigues , Santos Leandro Soares , Moreno Greicy Mitzi Bezerra , Ribeiro Julimar do Sacramento , Lima Júnior Dorgival Morais de 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the performance and meat quality of lambs fed sugarcane silage containing increasing levels of detoxified castor bean meal (DCBM). Twenty‐four Santa Inês male sheep were used, with initial body weight of 25.34 ± 2.57 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 70, 140, and 210 g/kg of DCBM in the sugarcane silage). Intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) were positively influenced (P < 0.05) by the levels of DCBM. There was a linear increase (P < 0.05) on the intake and digestibility of neutral detergent fiber with the inclusion of DCBM. The daily and total gains showed a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) with the inclusion of DCBM, with a maximum point of 241.64 g/d and 18.12 kg at the level of 161.9 g/kg of DCBM. There was a linear increase (P < 0.01) on the hot carcass with the inclusion of DCBM. The inclusion of DCBM did not influence (P > 0.05) the levels of total lipids (2.1%) in lamb meat, but the levels of oleic acid (C18:1 n‐6c) and total monounsaturated fatty acids presented a quadratic effect (P < 0.05). It is recommended to include 160 g/kg of detoxified castor bean meal in sugarcane silage.
Incidence changes in risk factors associated with the decreasing number of birth‐related clavicle fractures in Finland: A nationwide retrospective birth cohort from 2004 to 2017
Authors: Kekki Maiju , Salonen Anne , Koukkula Topias , Laivuori Hannele , Tihtonen Kati , Huttunen Tuomas T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA clavicle fracture is one of the most common birth injuries. The objective of this study was to examine whether the decreased incidence of birth‐related clavicle fractures in Finland is because of temporal changes in their predisposing factors.MethodsFor this nationwide population‐based study, we used the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the Care Register for Health Care databases. The study population included all singleton, live‐born newborn born spontaneously or by vacuum‐assisted delivery, in cephalic presentation ≥37+0 weeks of gestation. The incidences of clavicle fractures, pregnancy characteristics, and risk assessments for fracture were calculated and compared between two time periods: 2004–2010 and 2011–2017.ResultsA total of 629 457 newborn were born vaginally between 2004 and 2017. The clavicle fracture incidence decreased from 17.6/1000 to 6.2/1000 live births. Shoulder dystocia, diabetes, and birthweight ≥4000 g were the strongest predisposing factors. The incidence of birthweight ≥4000 g decreased, meanwhile type 1 diabetes and shoulder dystocia remained stable and gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and maternal obesity increased in the later study period. The incidence of clavicle fractures without known predisposing factors declined. Simultaneously, the cesarean birth rate remained stable (13.2%–13.1%), although the rate of vacuum‐assisted deliveries increased (8.5%–9.5%).DiscussionThe incidence of clavicle fractures decreased, even though the incidence of most risk factors remained stable or increased, and the cesarean birth rate remained stable. This decline may be related to the reduction of fracture incidence among deliveries without known risk factors, and the decrease in birthweight ≥4000 g.
A systematic review evaluating metacognitive beliefs in health anxiety and somatic distress
Authors: Keen Edwina , Kangas Maria , Gilchrist Philippe T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeIncreasing evidence suggests metacognitive beliefs may underpin transdiagnostic mechanisms maintaining psychopathology. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate published studies investigating the role of metacognitive beliefs in somatic distress in adult samples.MethodA systematic review was conducted, spanning five data bases. Studies meeting eligibility criteria were qualitatively synthesized.ResultsThirty‐six studies (N = 12,390) met inclusion criteria with results suggesting a relatively consistent positive relationship between metacognitive beliefs and somatic distress. Both general and syndrome‐specific metacognitive beliefs demonstrated relationships with not only emotional distress, but also physical symptoms themselves.ConclusionsResults are discussed in terms of conceptualizing somatic distress through the Self‐Regulatory Executive Function (S‐REF) Model. Future research into metacognitive therapy for somatic populations is recommended.
Statistical modelling of vignette data in psychology
Authors: Baguley Thom , Dunham Grace , Steer Oonagh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVignette methods are widely used in psychology and the social sciences to obtain responses to multi‐dimensional scenarios or situations. Where quantitative data are collected this presents challenges to the selection of an appropriate statistical model. This depends on subtle details of the design and allocation of vignettes to participants. A key distinction is between factorial survey experiments where each participant receives a different allocation of vignettes from the full universe of possible vignettes and experimental vignette studies where this restriction is relaxed. The former leads to nested designs with a single random factor and the latter to designs with two crossed random factors. In addition, the allocation of vignettes to participants may lead to fractional or unbalanced designs and a consequent loss of efficiency or aliasing of the effects of interest. Many vignette studies (including some factorial survey experiments) include unmodeled heterogeneity between vignettes leading to potentially serious problems if traditional regression approaches are adopted. These issues are reviewed and recommendations are made for the efficient design of vignette studies including the allocation of vignettes to participants. Multilevel models are proposed as a general approach to handling nested and crossed designs including unbalanced and fractional designs. This is illustrated with a small vignette data set looking at judgements of online and offline bullying and harassment.
Differential perivascular microglial activation in the deep white matter in vascular dementia developed post‐stroke
Authors: Hase Yoshiki , Ameen‐Ali Kamar E. , Waller Rachel , Simpson Julie E. , Stafford Charlotte , Mahesh Ayushi , Ryan Lucy , Pickering Lucy , Bodman Caroline , Hase Mai , Boche Delphine , Horsburgh Karen , Wharton Stephen B. , Kalaria Raj N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the hypothesis that perivascular microglia are involved as neuroinflammatory components of the gliovascular unit contributing to white matter hyperintensities on MRI and pathophysiology, we assessed their status in stroke survivors who develop dementia. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent methods were used to assess the distribution and quantification of total and perivascular microglial cell densities in 68 brains focusing on the frontal lobe WM and overlying neocortex in post‐stroke dementia (PSD), post‐stroke non‐dementia (PSND) and similar age control subjects. We primarily used CD68 as a marker of phagocytic microglia, as well as other markers of microglia including Iba‐1 and TMEM119, and the myeloid cell marker TREM2 to assess dementia‐specific changes. We first noted greater total densities of CD68+ and TREM2+ cells per mm2 in the frontal WM compared to the overlying cortex across the stroke cases and controls (p = 0.001). PSD subjects showed increased percentage of activated perivascular CD68+ cells distinct from ramified or primed microglia in the WM (p < 0.05). However, there was no apparent change in perivascular TREM2+ cells. Total densities of TREM2+ cells were only ~10% of CD68+ cells but there was high degree of overlap (>70%) between them in both the WM and the cortex. CD68 and Iba‐1 or CD68 and TMEM119 markers were colocalised by ~55%. Within the deep WM, ~30% of CD68+ cells were co‐localised with fragments of degraded myelin basic protein. Among fragmented CD68+ cells in adjacent WM of PSD subjects, >80% of the cells expressed cleaved caspase‐3. Our observations suggest although the overall repertoire of perivascular microglial cells is not changed in the parenchyma, PSD subjects accrue more perivascular‐activated CD68+ microglia rather than TREM2+ cells. This implies there is a subset of CD68+ cells, which are responsible for the differential response in perivascular inflammation within the gliovascular unit of the deep WM.
Reimagining Language
Authors: Cohn Neil , Schilperoord Joost 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince its inception, the study of language has been a central pillar to Cognitive Science. Despite an “amodal view,” where language is thought to “flow into” modalities indiscriminately, speech has always been considered the prototypical form of the linguistic system. However, this view does not hold up to the evidence about language and expressive modalities. While acknowledgment of both the nonvocal modalities and multimodality has grown over the last 40 years in linguistics and psycholinguistics, this has not yet led to a necessary shift in the mainstream linguistic paradigm. Such a shift requires reconfiguring models of language to account for multimodality, and demands a different view on what the linguistic system is and how it works, necessitating a Cognitive Science sensitive to the full richness of human communication.
Partially latent factors based multi‐view subspace learning
Authors: Lu Run‐kun , Liu Jian‐Wei , Liu Ze‐Yu , Chen Jinzhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMulti‐view subspace clustering always performs well in high‐dimensional data analysis, but is sensitive to the quality of data representation. To this end, a two‐stage fusion strategy is proposed to embed representation learning into the process of multi‐view subspace clustering. This article first proposes a novel matrix factorization method that can separate the coupling consistent and complementary information from observations of multiple views. Based on the obtained latent representations, we further propose two subspace clustering strategies: feature‐level fusion and subspace‐level hierarchical strategy. The feature‐level method concatenates all kinds of latent representations from multiple views, and the original problem therefore degenerates to a single‐view subspace clustering process. The subspace‐level hierarchical method performs different self‐expressive reconstruction processes on the corresponding complementary and consistent latent representations coming from each view, that is, the prior constraints imposed on different types of subspace representations are related to the relevant input factors. Finally, extensive experimental results on real‐world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed methods by comparing them against some state‐of‐the‐art subspace clustering algorithms.
Vision function in children 10 years after grade 3 or 4 intraventricular haemorrhage with ventricular dilation: A masked prospective study
Authors: Williams Cathy , Warnes Penny , Jary Sally , Young Grace , Blair Peter S. , Benton Christopher P. , Miller Helen , Whitelaw Andrew , Pople Ian , Luyt Karen ,   DRIFT10 study group
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimWe examined children 10 to 11 years after grade 3 or 4 intraventricular haemorrhage and ventricular dilation (IVHVD) and investigated whether the grade of IVHVD affected their visual outcome. We explored associations between visual outcomes with cognitive outcomes and extra support at school.MethodThe visual examinations were part of a 10‐year follow‐up study for children in a randomized trial. Testers followed a protocol and were masked to whether the child had experienced grade 3 or grade 4 IVHVD and all other data.ResultsThirty‐two children were tested: 24 were male and mean (standard deviation) age was 10 years 5 months (1 year 2 months); range 8 years 9 months to 12 years 9 months. All had at least one visual impairment. The median (interquartile range) number of impairments per child was six (six to nine) for children who experienced a grade 4 IVHVD compared with three (two to four) for children who experienced a grade 3 IVHVD (p = 0.003). Each extra vision impairment per child was associated with increased educational support at school, after adjustment for developmental age equivalence (odds ratio = 1.7 [95% confidence interval 1.1–2.6], p = 0.015).InterpretationChildren who experience grade 3 or 4 IVHVD have a high level of visual morbidity at age 10 to 11 years. These children may have unmet visual needs and their outcomes might improve if these needs could be addressed.What this paper adds

Parent‐reported questionnaire responses underestimated directly assessed visual morbidity.
Grade 4 intraventricular haemorrhage and ventricular dilatation (IVHVD) was followed by more vision impairments than grade 3 IVHVD.
Simple tests of visual perceptual skills correlated with the neuropsychology tests.
Children with supranuclear eye movement disorders were more likely to be receiving extra help at school.
Each additional visual impairment increased the likelihood of extra educational support.