bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characters and characterization in the novels of Chatursen Shastri
Authors: Subhash  , Meena Ashok Kumar 
Published: December 2022

Everyday something or the other is happening in the world since ancient times. Whatever work, business, events, etc. happen, some or the other component or character is responsible behind them. Even in fiction, without the characters, the plot or the subject matter cannot be imagined. That's why characters are considered to be the second important place after the plot in the novel. After knowing the introduction of the characters, it is necessary to know their character or personality.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
संसार में प्राचीन काल से ही नित प्रतिदिन कुछ न कुछ होता ही आ रहा हैं। जो भी कार्य व्यापार, घटनाएं आदि होते हैं, उनके पीछे कोई न कोई घटक या पात्र ही उत्तरदायित्व होते हैं। कथा साहित्य में भी पात्रों के बिना कथानक या कथावस्तु की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती। इसी लिए उपन्यास में कथानक के पश्चात् दूसरा महŸवपूर्ण स्थान पात्रों का माना जाता हैं। पात्रों का परिचय जानने के बाद उनका चरित्र या व्यक्तित्व जानना आवश्यक होता हैं।
Keywords: मानवीय प्रेम, करूणा, शोषित, पीड़ित, निम्न वर्ग, दास, गुलाम, किसान।
UM JOGO COM REALIDADE AUMENTADA PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DA ISOMERIA.
Authors: Vahldick Adilson , Heinen Adroan Covari 
Published: December 2022

A Realidade Aumentada (RA) está cada vez mais acessível ao grande público. O amadurecimento da tecnologia em combinação com o barateamento dos dispositivos móveis tornou popular a experiência com RA. Paulatinamente, essa tecnologia vem sendo usada para fins educativos. O presente trabalho apresenta um jogo com recursos de RA para apoiar o aprendizado de isomeria. O aplicativo está estruturado em um jogo de seis perguntas e respostas e mais três questões que solicitam ao aluno construir uma molécula. O jogo foi experimentado com 35 voluntários entre 17 e 60 anos. Devido às restrições sanitárias quanto ao COVID ainda não foi possível testar com alunos do ensino médio. Com a avaliação foi possível concluir a possibilidade de usar o jogo em sala de aula. A maior contribuição do trabalho é a ideia validada do jogo com possíveis aplicações em sala de aula, fomentando o uso desse tipo de aplicativo nas aulas de química.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata X Musa balbisiana ) terhadap Diferensial Leukosit pada Benih Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Hendriyono  , Wulandari Rika , Zahra Aminatul 
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pemberian ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap diferensial leukosit benih ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer). Pemeliharaan dilaksanakan selama 23 hari di HSRT Maju Mandiri Desa Madong, Kota Tanjungpinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Pembuatan ekstrak kulit pisang bertempatan di Marine Chemistry Laboratoty Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksprimental dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap ekstrak kulit pisang kepok pada benih ikan kakap putih. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 Perlakuan (0 ppm, 0,5 ppm, 0,9 ppm, dan 1,3 ppm) 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh nyata pada persentase limfosit, neutrofil dan nilai hematokrit tetapi tidak berpengaruh singnifikan pada pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan kakap putih. Penggunaan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok yang dicampurkan pada pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap diferensial leukosit, yaitu persentase limfosit dan neutrofil pada benih ikan kakap putih. Persentase limfosit dan neutrofil terbaik adalah pada perlakuan C, dengan nilai 75,67% dan 12,33% pada benih ikan kakap putih.
Die Besonderheiten des Einsatzes der gefangenen ukrainischen Soldaten der zaristischen Armee im Interesse des Deutschen Reichsheeres (Ende 1916 – Anfang 1918)
Authors: Krepel Vira , Sarapyna Anastasiia , Sribnyak Ihor , Shatylo Volodymyr 
Published: December 2022

Im Artikel wird die Spezifik des Einsatzes der im Lager Rastatt gehaltenen gefangenen Ukrainer im Interesse der Militärführung des Deutschen Reichsheeres 1917 bis Anfang 1918 analysiert. Vom Bund der Befreiung der Ukraine wurde in diesem Lager intensive Kultur- und Bildungsarbeit sowie national bewusste Organisationarbeit durchgeführt, infolgedessen die ukrainische Organisation „die Selbständige Ukraine” gegründet wurde. Einige ihrer radikalsten Mitglieder wurden von den Deutschen geheim über die Frontlinie zwecks konspirativer Revolutionsarbeit zur Destabilisierung des Hinterlandes der russischen Armee überstellt. Zugleich förderte die deutsche Militärführung die Tätigkeit der paramilitärischen Organisation „Zaporiz‘ka Sič”, der ukrainische Gefangene angehörten und auf deren Basis das 1. Zaporižžer Taras-Ševčenko-Regiment entstand. Ende 1916 erklärte sich ein Teil seiner Krieger bereit, bei der deutschen Armee zu dienen mit dem Ziel, das Hinterland ihrer Fronttruppen zu gestalten. Im Laufe von 1917 stieg die Zahl der Ukrainer bei der deutschen Armee kontinuierlich an, im März 1918 schlossen sie sich alle der 1. Division der Blauröcke („synnjožupannyky”) an und wurden in die Ukraine umdisloziert.
A Game of Whac-A-Mole
Authors: Lutz Naama 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement's utilization of ‘fluidity,’ conceptualized as the ability to adapt campaign tactics to multiple arenas and political opportunity structures simultaneously. Framing BDS as both a social movement and a transnational advocacy network, it demonstrates the movement's fluidity in the context of three campaigns: the campaign at the 65th FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) congress in 2015, which illustrates an ‘outsider’ strategy aimed at intergovernmental institutions; the 2014 Olive Declaration of municipalities endorsing BDS, which illustrates how local ‘insider’ campaigns can combine to create a translocal campaign; and the ‘Ferguson-Gaza moment’ in 2014, which illustrates how movements can engage at the level of civil society and embed themselves in the broader global justice movement.
Explaining Non-Diasporic Mobilizations for Distant Causes
Authors: Zarnett David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While the Palestinian struggle has received widespread support from non-Palestinian activists across North America and Europe, the Kurdish struggle in Turkey, which is similar to the Palestinian cause in important ways, has not received such extensive support from non-Kurdish activists. Existing explanations do not fully account for this difference. I argue that this variation in non-diasporic support is in part a product of the impact that differences between the Palestinian and Kurdish diasporas in the West have had on how each group has sought to mobilize grassroots support for their cause. The small size and internal divisions of the Palestinian diaspora incentivized Palestinian activists to focus on recruiting non-Palestinians, creating the conditions for their mobilization. The larger size and greater degree of organization of the Kurdish diaspora incentivized Kurdish activists to focus primarily on mobilizing their ethnic kin and less on recruiting non-Kurds, resulting in relatively little non-Kurdish support.
IMPLEMENTASI DATA MINING NAÏVE BAYES DAN SVM (SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE) DALAM PENGUMPULAN BERITA KRIMINAL DI INDONESIA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 Studi Kasus : Situs Berita Detik.com
Authors: Ufil  
Published: December 2022

The intensity of crime news is relatively high, making the public familiar with criminal cases ranging from corruption, drugs, gambling, immoral acts, theft, fraud, and kidnapping to murder. The media are not only reporting or informing of criminal acts that occur, but the media also acts as a tool of social control. Currently, many news sites provide information related to events and phenomena. On the other hand, the Covid-19 pandemic has created multidimensional crises and problems. One of them is the emergence of crime in the community. This study aims to collect criminal news from news sites during the Covid-19 pandemic. It can be analyzed regarding the possibility of a trend of criminal events in tandem with the direction of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The news site used in this research is detik.com.
PEMBUATAN DEMPLOT SISTEM PEMANAS KADANG INDUKAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN ENERGI PANAS TERBUANG DARI INKUBATOR PENETAS TELUR PUYUH
Authors: Sari Maulani Irna , Syamsuri Heris 
Published: December 2022

Eggs and quail meat are in great demand by the public because they have high nutritional value and affordable prices. Consumption of eggs and quail in Ciamis Regency continues to increase. increased consumption should be followed by egg and quail production. To meet these needs, it is necessary to manufacture a quail egg incubator (incubator) so that the egg hatching process is relatively easier and more practical with better hatching results. This service aims to provide training for the manufacture of demonstration plots for the heating system of the quail broodstock cage by utilizing the wasted heat from the incubator. In addition, it can also provide training and skills for making quail egg incubators with a capacity of 50 eggs so that hatching eggs is relatively easier and more practical with better hatching results.
The service activity was carried out by providing counseling about raising quail eggs, then continued by providing training and skills in making an egg incubator (incubator) then the next stage providing skills in making demonstration plots of the heating system for quail egg brooders by utilizing the wasted heat from the incubator.
The results of the service that have been carried out are as follows quail farmers in Sandingtaman Village have skills in making egg incubators (incubators) and making quail egg cages by utilizing wasted heat from the incubator. The results of the activity of one quail egg incubator that can be used by farmers
Factors Affecting Knowledge Pregnant Mothers About Malaria in the Work Area Harapan Health Center
Authors: Hasanah Nihayatul , Lestari Muji , Wijayanti Ika 
Published: December 2022

Malaria, one of the infectious diseases that is still a public health problem, especially in Papua, has an impact on the decline in the quality of human resources which can cause various social, economic problems, and even affect security stability. Data from the Papua Province Health Office in 2018 the Harapan Health Center was ranked second after the Kanda Health Center which had the highest malaria disease rate, namely there were 28 pregnant women with malaria out of 1,557 pregnant women, namely 1.7% of pregnant women with malaria. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the knowledge of pregnant women about malaria in the work area of the Harapan Health Center. This type of research uses a quantitative research design with a cross sectional research design. This research was conducted in the work area of the Harapan Health Center, from March to April 2020. The data analysis that will be carried out is in the form of univariate data analysis and bivariate data analysis, validated Questionnaire Research Instruments. Data collection through secondary and primary data, data processing through SPSS. p value : 0.220, experience 0.453, education 0.453, occupation 0.453, source of information 0.733, socio-cultural 0.629 which all 0.05. There is no relationship between age, experience, education, occupation, sources of information, socio-culture and knowledge. Key word: Knowledge Factors, Malaria, Pregnant Women
Experience of Motherhood in Adolescent Mothers in Socio-Cultural Review
Authors: Khuzaiyah Siti , Zuhana Nina , Suparni Suparni 
Published: December 2022

Giving birth and raising children brings physical and psychological changes to the mother. Adolescent mothers face the process of giving birth to babies with psychological conditions that may be different from mothers who are mature in age. This study aims to analyze the Motherhood Process of Adolescent Mothers Before Birth and Early Child Care in the Socio-Cultural Review Method. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The sample in this study were 13 mothers aged 20 years with children aged 12 months and had only 1 child. Data collection by using a form containing open questions. Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis approach. The results showed that the experiences of teenage mothers during late pregnancy before birth were fear, anxiety, anxiety, worry, and happiness. The expectations of teenage mothers for their children are healthy, intelligent, normal, solih/solihah, and devoted. The experiences of teenage mothers for the first time caring for their children are fear, awkwardness, nervousness, difficulty and happiness. Learning resources for teenage mothers are family, midwives, traditional healers, books and the internet. The conclusion of the study, a teenage mother experienced various psychological conditions. The culture of using traditional birth attendants during the puerperium has a positive impact on a teenage mother. The closeness of a teenage mother with parents and traditional birth attendants greatly influences the smooth process of achieving motherhood. The support of midwives, parents and traditional birth attendants is needed in providing correct information regarding child care, so that teenage mothers can undergo the birth process and child care period comfortably. Keyword: motherhood; teenage mother; pregnancy; birth; parenting
Differences in Parental Knowledge About ISPA Prevention In Toddlers Before and After Being Given PocketBooks
Authors: Wijayanti Ika , Amal Fachry , Haerani Haerani 
Published: December 2022

ISPA in toddlers is very dangerous if not treated immediately, so there needs to be health education with a pocket book on how to prevent ISPA in toddlers. Pocket Book Media is a tool in the form of a book, equipped with writing and pictures that can cover many people, practical in its use because it can be used anywhere. The purpose of this study was whether there was a difference in the knowledge of parents about the prevention of ISPA in toddlers before and after being given a pocket book in the work area of the Hebeybhlu Yoka Health Center. This research method uses a quasi-experimental approach with aapproach one group pretest – posttest design. The population in this study were Toddlers who suffered from ISPA in January-February 2021 in the Hebeybhulu Yoka Health Center area totaling 56 people, while the sample using random sampling technique was 15 people. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire. The results showed that there was a difference before and after being given a Pocket Book with p volume 0.000 p volume (0.05).Keyword : Buku Saku, ISPA Pada Balita, Pencegahan ISPA.
Exclusive Breast Milk An Effort to Prevent Stunting Events: A Literature Review
Authors: Dewi Diksi Laksmita , Rahayu Sri , Putri Noviyati Rahardjo , Nugrahaeni Isnu Kurnia 
Published: December 2022

Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), Indonesia is the third country with the highest prevalence of stunting under five in Southeast Asia in 2005-2017 of 36.4%. Stunting toddlers is a predictor of poor quality of human resources that can reduce productive abilities in the future. One of the influencing factors is exclusive breastfeeding and bad parenting practices. Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding from birth on the prevention of stunting. This article uses a literature review method with keywords; stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, risk factors for stunting, determinants of stunting. The online resources used include; PNRI, Science Direct, PubMed, Elsevier and Google Scholar. The results showed that exclusive breastfeeding could reduce the incidence of stunting. Breast milk fulfills the needs of macronutrients and micronutrients for infants for 6 months. Long-chain unsaturated fatty acids are very beneficial for the development of brain cells so that babies become intelligent. These ingredients include DHA (Decosahexanoic Acid) and Arachidonic Acid (AA). In 100 ml grams of breast milk, it contains 62 kcal of energy, 1.5 grams of protein, 3.2 grams of fat, 7.0 grams of carbohydrates, 34 mg of calcium and 0.2 mg of Fe. Exclusive breastfeeding from birth is an effort to prevent stunting. These efforts target breastfeeding mothers and children aged 0-6 months, by encouraging early initiation of breastfeeding (feeding with breast milk/colostrum), and encouraging exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: stunting; exclusive breastfeeding; content of exclusive breastfeeding; prevention of stunting.
ANALISIS TATA NIAGA IKAN ASIN GULAMA DI KECAMATAN TANAH MERAH KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR
Authors: Rispawati Elmira , Partini Partini , Yusapri Andi 
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui saluran pemasaran ikan asin gulama dan besarnya marjin, farmer share, keuntungan pemasaran dan efisiensi pemasaran ikan asin gulama di Kecamatan Tanah Merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 saluran pemasaran ikan asin gulama di Kecamatan Tanah Merah yaitu saluran I pengusaha langsung ke konsumen, saluran II dari pengusaha ke pengecer kemudian konsumen dan saluran III Pengusaha ke pengumpul kemudian ke pengecer ke konsumen. Total biaya pemasaran saluran I sebesar Rp 515, saluran II Rp 515, dan saluran III Rp. Rp 1.115. Margin pemasaran saluran I Rp. 0, saluran II sebesar Rp. 5.000/Kg, saluran III sebesar Rp. 10.000/kg. Farmer share saluran I sebesar 100%, saluran II sebesar 88,89%, dan saluran III sebesar 80,00%. Efisiensi saluran pemasaran I sebesar 1,23%, saluran II yaitu 1,14%, dan saluran III yaitu 2,23%.
The purpose of this study was to determine the marketing channel for salted gulama in Tanah Merah District and to determine the marketing margin, farmer share, marketing profit and marketing efficiency of salted gulama in Tanah Merah District. The results showed that there were 3 marketing channels for salted fish gulama in Tanah Merah District, namely channel I from entrepreneurs directly to consumers and channel II from entrepreneurs to retailers then consumers and channel III from entrepreneurs to collectors then to retailers to consumers. The total cost of channel I marketing is Rp 515, channel II Rp 515, and channel III Rp Rp. 1.115. Marketing margin of channel I Rp. 0, channel II Rp. 5.000/ Kg, channel III Rp 10,000/kg. Farmer share of channel I 100%, channel II 88.89%, and channel III 80,00%. The efficiency of marketing channel I is 1.23%, channel II is 1,14%, and channel III is 2.23%.
Peran Program Sharing Time RRI Pro 2 Bukittinggi dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Mahasiswa
Authors: Satria Edi , Hendra Tomi , Dilla Survio 
Published: December 2022

Radio has become an influential communication media since it’s commencement . Eventhought, radio was once advertised as the fifth plantation after newspaper. By the development of technology, radio has growth by number of variations. There was a time when radio was as big as a televition station. This period is raised as the radios’ times. The growths of tecnology have developed the media, it was configurate the users, and then also configurate the society and its culture. Besides, radio as a communication mass media, hinge on audio or sound in transmission communication messages. The potential in radio are assists to conveyance of information, moreover the information received in various situations and conditions. This is a chance for students of the Islamic communication and broadcasting department, Faculty of Humanities Adab, and Da’wah, State Islamic University Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi in role of the sharing time program for the pro 2 Radio Republic of Indonesia (RRI) Bukittinggi. This paper uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach.
Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Responses Of Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Tolerant Potato Varieties To Salinity Stress
Authors: Ahsan AFMS , Rohman MM , Kundu BC , Ahamed IM , Ahamed F 
Published: December 2022

A pot experiment was conducted with three potato varieties [‘BARI Alu-72’ (salt-tolerant), ‘BARI Alu-25’ (relatively salt-tolerant) and ‘BARI Alu-13’ (saltsensitive)] under three levels of salinity stress (control; 0.2, moderate; 6-8 and severe; 10-12 dSm-1) for evaluating their morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during rabi season of 2018-19. Salinity treatment was imposed from 10 days after emergence (DAE) to maturity stage by adding NaCl solution. Salinity stress caused higher reduction in chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoids (CAR), cell membrane stability index (CMSI), biomass and tuber yield plant-1 but increase in contents of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in all potato varieties and at all the salinity levels. The reduction of Chl, CAR, CMSI, biomass and yield plant-1 were lower in ‘BARI Alu-72’ as compared to other two varieties. Moreover, ‘BARI Alu-72’ showed higher activities of CAT, POD, APX, GPX, GR and GST as well as contents of K+ and lower malondialdehyde (MDA), lipoxygenase (LOX) and Na+ contents in comparison with those of ‘BARI Alu-25’ and ‘BARI Alu-13’. Activities of antioxidants were found moderate in ‘BARI Alu-25’. ‘BARI Alu-13’ showed higher Na+ and Na+/K+ ratio. The results showed that salinity tolerance in potato was manifested by lower decrease in biomass and yield plant-1 with higher antioxidant activities and K+ contents, and lower MDA, LOX and Na+ content than salinity sensitive genotype.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 315-333, September 2020
Undergraduate Pharmacology Written Question Papers of Different Universities of Bangladesh: Analysis of One Decade
Authors: Johora Fatema , Abbasy Asma Akter , Mahboob Sabiha , Jeenia Fatiha Tasmin , Ferdoush Jannatul , Rahman Md Sayedur 
Published: December 2022

Background: It is expected that pharmacology education should prepare students as rational prescriber. Credibility of undergraduate pharmacology curricula is rather questionable in this aspect. As assessment shapes learning priorities, it is crucial to design assessment methods of pharmacology in right way to achieve the expected learning outcomes of future physicians.
Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to compare the reflection of curricular objectives, content coverage and national health priorities in undergraduate pharmacology written question papers (SAQ) of different universities of Bangladesh in last 10 years (January 2010 to November 2019). Total 131 question papers were collected, and reflection of curricular objectives, content coverage and selective disease burdens were evaluated and compared.
Results: One objective regarding factual knowledge (Pharmacological effects, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetic characteristics and adverse reactions of drugs) had significant higher weightage throughout the decade in all universities. There were statistically significant differences in weightage of reflection of five curricular objectives (p value <0.00001, 0.001, 0.003, 0.004, 0.02) among different universities. There was not a single question reflecting the ethical and legal issues involved in drug prescribing, development, manufacture and marketing in the decade in any university. Chemotherapy was the highest covered area (19.4±3.3), followed by central nervous system (1 6 . 0 ± 3 . 4 ) and general principles of pharmacology (14.3±3.2) throughout the last ten years in all universities. There was statistically also significant difference among different universities in weightage of all content areas except Gastrointestinal pharmacology. Statistically significant difference (p value < 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 ) among different universities in cardiovascular diseases burden was observed.
Conclusion: Current study found variation in pharmacology written question papers of different universities in the aspects of reflection of curricular objectives, content coverage and cardiovascular disease burden.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.21 (2); July 2022; Page 3-8