bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary Supplement of Amomum villosum Lour. Polysaccharide Attenuates Ulcerative Colitis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Luo Donghui , Zeng Jiao , Guan Jingjing , Xu Yuanyuan , Jia Rui-Bo , Chen Jin , Jiang Guili , Zhou Chunxia 
Published: November 2022

Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum), a comestible medicinal plant, has been traditionally used in China to treat diarrhea, stomach fullness, and abdominal distension. Polysaccharide, the main chemical component of A. villosum, has been shown to possess potential antioxidant and glycosidase inhibitory activities; however, whether it has anticolitis activity is unknown. The aim of this research was to evaluate the anticolitis effects of A. villosum polysaccharide (AVLP) in BALB/c mice. The results showed that AVLP administration significantly reversed body weight loss, colon shortening and colon weight gain and decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in colitis mice (p < 0.05). AVLP administration also maintained intestinal barrier function by the upregulation of ZO-1 protein expression (p < 0.05). In addition, high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that AVLP possessed a great regulatory effect on the growth of Adlercreutzia, Clostridium, Streptococcus, Parabacteroides, Helicobacter, Odoribacter, and Alistipes (p < 0.05, LDA score > 2). The correlation analysis revealed that the protective effects against colitis of AVLP were highly correlated with intestinal bacterium regulation. These results suggest that AVLP intake could serve as a prospective nutritional strategy for inflammatory bowel diseases.
Medication work among nonagenarians: a qualitative study of the Newcastle 85+ cohort participants at 97 years old
Authors: Adamson Joy , Hanson Helen , Todd Adam , Duncan Rachel , Hanratty Barbara , Robinson Louise 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPeople aged ≥85 years are the fastest growing section of our population across most high-income countries. A majority live with multiple long-term conditions and frailty, but there is limited understanding of how the associated polypharmacy is experienced by this group.AimTo explore the experiences of medication management among nonagenarians and the implications for primary care practice.Design and settingQualitative analysis of medication work in nonagenarians from a purposive sample of survivors of the Newcastle 85+ study (a longitudinal cohort study).MethodSemi-structured interviews (n= 20) were conducted, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using a thematic approach.ResultsIn most cases, although considerable work is associated with self-management of medication use, it is generally not experienced as problematic by the older people themselves. Taking medications is habitualised into everyday routines and practices, and is experienced in much the same way as other activities of daily living. For some, the work associated with medications has been relinquished (either partially or wholly) to others, minimising the burden experienced by the individual. Exceptions to this were found when disruptions to these steady states occurred, for example, following a new medical diagnosis with associated medication changes or a major life event.ConclusionThis study has shown a high level of acceptance of the work associated with medications among this group and trust in the prescribers to provide the most appropriate care. Medicines optimisation should build on this trust and be presented as personalised, evidence-based care.
História e Relações Internacionais
Authors: Varela Singulane Dalila , Saporetti Carolina 
Published: November 2022

Pensar a dinâmica entre a História e as Relações Internacionais ainda é algo recente dentro da historiografia brasileira e, se hoje vemos um maior aprofundamento das pesquisas, podemos atribuir ao trabalho do Prof. Dr. Rodrigo Christofoletti. Pesquisando o tema há mais de uma década, suas publicações constituem o principal referencial teórico do campo no Brasil ao abordar como o patrimônio cultural se comporta dentro da interface das Relações Internacionais, sendo um pioneiro na reflexão sobre o conceito de soft power. Em sua longa trajetória de atuação, destacam-se as publicações “Bens Culturais e Relações Internacionais: o patrimônio como espelho do soft power”, “Patrimônio como esteio das relações internacionais: Em questão o Soft Power” e a organização do I Congresso Internacional Gestão dos Patrimônios da Humanidade Urbanos, do qual se originou a obra “World Heritage Patinas: action, alerts and risks”, que reúne pesquisas que tangem toda uma gama de problemáticas e dinâmicas dos patrimônios da humanidade. Atualmente, o pesquisador coordena o Grupo de Pesquisa CNPq “Patrimônio e Relações Internacionais” e orienta diversas pesquisas que abordam o patrimônio cultural enquanto soft power brasileiro, tráfico ilícito de bens culturais e colecionáveis criminogênicos, e os patrimônios da humanidade.
Nesta entrevista, Christofoletti falou sobre o desenvolvimento da temática no Brasil, o panorama atual da atuação da UNESCO e como ele vê a dinâmica entre o Patrimônio Cultural e as Relações Internacionais em meio as mudanças políticas mundiais e a pandemia que atualmente ainda estamos tentando conter.
Poder da Reza
Authors: DOS SANTOS RODRIGUES FRANCIEL 
Published: November 2022

Trilhando pelo caminho do imaginário religioso popular, nos deparamos com à presença da prática de reza promulgada por rezadores e rezadeiras dos mais diversos espaços sertanejos. Sua simbologia, ritos e práticas agem enquanto mediação entre o mundo sagrado e o terreno afim de trazer harmonia interna e externa para aqueles que possuem crença nessa tradição de fé. Nesse sentido, pretendemos nesse texto analisar as práticas de curas desenvolvidas por esses indivíduos através de uma perspectiva freudiana, com a intenção de compreender como as relações desses rituais agem no inconsciente daqueles que possuem crença nessa prática a fim de harmonizar sua sensação de desprazer a partir das análises das narrativas orais das rezadeiras e dos sujeitos que possuem crença nessas práticas, tomando-as essas narrativas enquanto fonte, podemos por meio das memórias desses depoentes encontramos os motivos que os fazer crer nessas tradições de forma histórica e cotidiana.
Microbiota Contribution in Development, Progression, and Outcomes of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Literature Review
Authors: Достанко Н.Ю. , Ягур В.Е. , Зыбалова Т.С. 
Published: November 2022

В обзоре рассматриваются современные данные об участии микробиоты человека в развитии, прогрессировании и исходах основных сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и патологических процессов, таких как атеросклероз, инфаркт миокарда, артериальная гипертензия, сердечная недостаточность. Особое внимание уделяется микробиоте кишечника. Подробно описываются установленные к настоящему времени механизмы влияния кишечной микробиоты на патофизиологические процессы, лежащие в основе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, такие как воздействие на иммунную систему хозяина, участие повышенной проницаемости кишечника, а также действие микробных метаболитов (триметиламиноксида, первичных и вторичных желчных кислот, короткоцепочечных жирных кислот, метаболитов триптофана, фенилацетилглутамина). Указаны основные методологические проблемы, связанные с изучение микробиома. Подчеркивается неоднозначность и многоплановость влияния микробиоты кишечника на сердечно-сосудистую систему в норме и при дисбиозе.
The review presents current data on the implication of human microbiota in development, progression, and outcomes of major cardiovascular diseases and pathological processes in cardiovascular system, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, arterial hypertension, and heart failure. Particular attention is paid to the intestinal microbiota. The currently revealed mechanisms of influence of the intestinal microbiota on pathophysiological processes underlying cardiovascular diseases are described in detail, such as effects on the host immune system, involvement of increased intestinal permeability, as well as the action of microbial metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide, primary and secondary bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites, phenylacetylglutamine). The main methodological problems associated with microbiome investigation are considered. The ambiguity and diversity of the intestinal microbiota impact on the cardiovascular system in normal and dysbiosis is emphasized.
Relaciones de poder y violencia intragénero en parejas lesbianas: ¿Quién es el hombre de la relación?
Authors: Alanez Darlyn , Jarro Aislin 
Published: November 2022

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo demostrar la generación de violencia entre parejas lesbianas debido a la imposición de los roles de género que se representan a través del comportamiento y pensamiento. Para abordar este fenómeno, el equipo de investigación, conformado por estudiantes de la carrera de Comunicación Social, decidió aplicar una metodología cualitativa ejecutada en grupos focales y entrevistas a lesbianas. Además, se tomaron en cuenta datos cuantitativos de textos sobre el contexto boliviano, realizados por organizaciones como Fundación Hivos, Unión Europea, Adelante Diversidad, y Capacitación y Derechos Ciudadanos (CDC), sobre la comunidad de lesbianas, gays, bisexuales o transgéneros (LGBTIQ+) con un enfoque de violencia intragénero.
De ese modo, los resultados demuestran que la violencia entre parejas lesbianas tiene su origen en el patriarcado por la reproducción y adopción de actitudes de autoridad. A pesar de que, en su mayoría, se considera que la violencia es generada solo en relaciones heterosexuales y se generaliza el ver al género masculino como el único capaz de infundir actos violentos o provocarlos, en las relaciones sentimentales de mujeres también existen agresiones físicas y psicológicas.
Influencia del área de relaciones comunitarias en la responsabilidad social y en la prevención de conflictos sociales mineros
Authors: Sánchez Clodoaldo , Neira Idaluz , Espinoza Carlos 
Published: November 2022

La investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la influencia del área de relaciones comunitarias en la responsabilidad social de una empresa minera en la prevención de conflictos sociales mineros, en el distrito de Pichacani – Puno, Perú. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 4476 habitantes, se aplicó un muestreo aleatorio simple, determinando 354 habitantes del referido distrito. Se siguió un enfoque cuantitativo con el fin de valorar las perspectivas de la población a través de la técnica de la encuesta. Se identificó factores que propiciaban los conflictos: 1) demora en la entrega de documentos técnicos del proyecto; 2) retrasos en pagos por la utilización de tierras; 3) incumplimiento de compromisos por parte de la empresa minera. Se identificó también que la frecuencia de ocurrencia de conflictos está entre siempre y a veces, pero la mayoría de estos son rápidamente solucionados en reuniones programadas. Se concluye que no existió nunca una convivencia amigable por los constantes conflictos, aun así, los pobladores consideran que estos conflictos no tienen impactos relevantes ya que son solucionados rápidamente y califican su representación en reuniones como positiva.
Towards B-doped p-BaSi2 films on Si substrates by co-sputtering of BaSi2, Ba, and B-doped Si targets
Authors: Hasebe Hayato , Kido Kazuki , Takenaka Haruki , Mesuda Masami , Toko Kaoru , Migas Dmitri B. , Suemasu Takashi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BaSi2 is one of the emerging materials for thin-film solar cell applications; hence the conductivity control by impurity doping is of great importance. The formation of B-doped p-BaSi2 films has been achieved by molecular beam epitaxy and vacuum evaporation. We fabricated B-doped BaSi2 films on Si substrates at 600 °C by co-sputtering BaSi2, Ba, and B-doped Si targets, followed by post-annealing at 900 °C or 1000 °C for 5 min in an Ar atmosphere. Contrary to expectations, as-grown sample and the sample annealed at 900 °C showed n-type conductivity, while the sample annealed at 1000 °C showed p-type conductivity. The reason for the n-type conductivity was discussed based on first-principles calculation considering the presence of oxygen atoms in the order of 1021 cm−3. The n-type conductivity for B-doped BaSi2 is possible only when both the B and O atoms being a substitution impurity are in the same Si4 tetrahedron.
Potential of high-sensitivity tactile sensing using polymer optical fiber gratings
Authors: Noda Kohei , Lee Heeyoung , Watanabe Shunsuke , Nakamura Kentaro , Mizuno Yosuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We characterize fiber gratings inscribed line-by-line in perfluorinated graded-index polymer optical fibers (PFGI-POFs) for tactile sensing. First, we measure the dependence of the wideband transmitted light spectrum on the distance between the fiber grating and an object composed of metal or rubber, clarifying that the spectral power is significantly dependent on the object position in a wide wavelength range. Subsequently, we experimentally show that this behavior is caused by the light scattering at the fiber grating, indicating that PFGI-POF gratings are potentially applicable to simple low-cost tactile sensors or high-sensitivity short-range displacement sensors with no need for additional supportive tools.
Patterns of Comorbidity and Multimorbidity Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis in a Large US Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Population
Authors: Dai Dingwei , Sharma Ajay , Phillips Amy L. , Lobo Carroline 
Published: November 2022

Background: Comorbidities are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), thus increasing the complexity of disease management and economic burden and worsening their prognosis and quality of life. Real-world evidence comparing comorbidities and multimorbidity patterns of commercially insured vs Medicare enrollees with MS is lacking. Objective: To evaluate the patterns of comorbidity and multimorbidity among patients with MS in a US commercially insured and Medicare Advantage population. Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study was conducted using Aetna health claims data from January 1, 2015, to October 31, 2019. Eligibility criteria were (1) at least 3 MS-related inpatient/outpatient (ICD-10-CM: G35), or disease-modifying therapy claims within 1 year (date of first claim = index date); (2) Aetna commercial health plan or Medicare Advantage medical and pharmacy benefits at least 12 months pre-/post-index; and (3) age 18 and older. Commercially insured patients, Medicare Advantage patients younger than 65 years of age, and Medicare Advantage patients 65 years and older were compared. Results: Among 5000 patients (mean [SD] age, 52.6 [12.9]; 75.2% female), 53% had commercial insurance and 47% had Medicare Advantage (59.2% disabled age <65). Medicare Advantage patients were older (age <65: 53.3 [7.9]; age ≥65: 70.8 [5.2]) vs commercial (age, 45.7 [10.2]), had greater comorbidity burden (Charlson Comorbidity Index; age <65: 1.17 [1.64], age ≥65: 1.65 [1.95]) vs commercial (0.53 [1.02]) (all P < .0001). Symptoms specific to MS (ie, malaise, fatigue, depression, spasms, fibromyalgia, convulsions) were more common among patients younger than 65 (all P < .0001). Age-related and other comorbidities (ie, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dyspepsia, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, glaucoma, diabetes, cerebrovascular, cancer) were more common among patients 65 years and older Medicare Advantage (all P < .0001). Multiple comorbidities were highly prevalent (median, 4 comorbidities), particularly among Medicare Advantage patients younger than 65 (median, 6) and Medicare Advantage patients 65 and older (median, 7). Conclusions: Comorbidities and multimorbidity patterns differed between patients with MS with commercial insurance and patients with Medicare Advantage. Multimorbidity was highly prevalent among patients with MS and should be considered in the context of clinical decision making to ensure comprehensive MS management and improve outcomes.
Association Between Muscle Strength and the Risk of Dysphagia Among Elderly in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Authors: Md Mizan Asrori Nur Fatin Najihah , Yi Ying Chin 
Published: November 2022

Dysphagia affects 5 to 10% of Malaysia's elderly population [1]. Dysphagia is a sort of anomaly that causes discomfort and difficulty swallowing that could be caused by age-related disorders such as stroke, malignancy, and muscle diseases [2]. If left unaddressed, swallowing impairment can lead to social isolation, aspiration pneumonia, and nutritional issues [3–5]. As predicted by 2030, Malaysia will have a 14% rise in the population aged ≥ 60 years old [6]. Thus, a rise in age-related illnesses such as sarcopenia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and dementia may lead to an increase in the prevalence of dysphagia among the elderly.
This cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2022 in a rehabilitation center in Kuala Nerus with 61 participants aged ≥ 60 years old. The muscle strength was measured using the Camry Electronic Hand Dynamometer, which helps to assess the overall muscle strength from a handgrip [7]. This device is light and comes with grooves for finger placement that is more ideal for usage by the elderly. Meanwhile, the risk of dysphagia was evaluated using the Malay version of the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (M-EAT-10) since it applies to a wide spectrum of swallowing problems [8].
The mean age of participants was (65.67 ± 5.62 years) with 43% being males and 57% being females. Most of the participants were married (77%), have more than one comorbidity (56%), and originates from B40 households (62%). Those who scored ≤ 2 in EAT-10 were 29 (48%) participants while 32 (53%) participants scored ≥ 3 showing a risk of dysphagia. Analysis showed 58% of males presented muscle strength of below 26.00 kg while 42% have normal muscle strength. Similarly, 54% presented with muscle strength of below 18.00 kg while 46% have normal muscle strength among females. There is an association between muscle strength and the risk of dysphagia for both males (p = 0.001) and females (p < 0.001).
This study found a higher prevalence of those at risk of dysphagia compared to those with no risk of dysphagia. There is also an association between muscle strength and the risk of dysphagia for both genders in this study [9,10].
Dysphagia was significantly associated with muscle strength among the elderly in Kuala Nerus. Some limitations in this study include the lack of participants and the source of the population.
The Assessment of Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd) in Selected Vegetables in Kota Bharu Kelantan
Authors: Yann Synn Esther Boey , Abdul Samad Nurul Izzah 
Published: November 2022

Most heavy metals are naturally occurring [1] and some are derived from human activities [2]. Because of the widespread dispersion of these heavy metals in Kelantan's soil [3-8], there is a need to monitor their amounts, particularly in foods. This is due to heavy metals in soil being taken up by crops via transfusion [9]. Heavy metals are biomagnified and bioaccumulated in the bodies of humans and animals who consume heavy metal-contaminated plants [10]. Hence, this study aimed to assess the heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd) in chili, cucumber, round cabbage, and okra.
The samples were transported to the Environmental and Occupational Health Laboratory in Universiti Sains Malaysia Kubang Kerian using a cold box. The samples were cut into small pieces and oven-dried at 60°C-70°C for three days. The dried samples were then crushed into powder and processed using the acid-wet digestion method. Finally, the samples were analysed for the heavy metals' concentration (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Cd) using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GFAAS). A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the heavy metals concentration in vegetables (chili and cucumber) between Kampung Binjai and Bunut Payung.

The result showed that chili in Kampung Binjai had a higher Pb (p=0.001) and Cd level (p=0.006); whereas cucumber in Bunut Payung had a higher Pb (p=0.001), Zn (p=0.002) and Cd level (p=0.002). The Kruskal Wallis test also showed that Zn (p=0.001), Cu (p=0.020), and Cd concentrations (p=0.001) were significantly different among the vegetables. A posthoc test was performed to determine further the pairs of vegetables that were significantly different from each other. The heavy metals concentrations in the vegetable samples were then compared with the permissible limit set by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)/ World Health Organisation (WHO) and Malaysian Food Regulation 1985. Among all the vegetables tested, Pb concentration (mean ± SD) in chili (0.1189 mg/kg ± 0.02), round cabbage (0.06589 mg/kg ± 0.01) in Kampung Binjai, and cucumber (0.1564 mg/kg ± 0.06) and okra (0.0677 mg/kg ± 0.02) in Bunut Payung had exceeded the permissible limit set by the FAO/ WHO. However, the heavy metals in these vegetables were within the permissible limit set by Malaysia Food Regulation 1985.

Even though Pb concentration in some samples exceeded the standard level, most samples were safe to consume. However, traces of Pb and Cd are not supposed to be present in the vegetables. This is due to human body does not require these heavy metals, as they will harm the human body [11]. Therefore, various agencies should address this issue. Consumers should also be mindful of the consumption frequency and variation of vegetables, especially children, because they have a higher nutrient absorption capacity than adults and engage in the hand-to-mouth activity.