bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predators in the Dark: Metabarcoding Reveals Arcellinida Communities Associated with Bat Guano, Endemic to Dinaric Karst in Croatia
Authors: García-Bodelón Ángel , Baković Najla , Cano Emilio , Useros Fernando , Lara Enrique , González-Miguéns Rubén 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKarst caves, formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks, are characterized by the absence of photosynthetic activity and low levels of organic matter. Organisms evolve under these particular conditions, which causes high levels of endemic biodiversity in both macroorganism and microbes. Recent research has highlighted the presence of testate amoebae (Arcellinida) group in cave environments. This study investigates the diversity of Arcellinida in Dinaric karstic caves in Croatia, a global diversity hotspot, focusing on the influence of bat guano on community structure. Sediment samples were collected from two independent hydrosystems, and a metabarcoding approach was used to assess Arcellinida diversity at specific and intraspecific levels, using Arcellinid-specific primers to amplify the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) region. Results reveal a significant impact of guano on both specific and intraspecific diversity of Arcellinida. Communities in guano-rich sites displayed higher diversity, abundance, and the presence of unique OTUs and genetic variants not observed in other habitats, highlighting the crucial role of bats as ecosystem engineers. In contrast, sites without guano hosted communities with low abundance and reduced biodiversity. These differences suggest the existence of guano-associated Arcellinida communities. This study provides new insights into the biodiversity of subterranean ecosystems and the ecological roles of Arcellinida in karstic environments.
Polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden as risk factors for postoperative delirium in surgical medicine
Authors: Moellmann Henriette Louise , Boulghoudan Soufian , Kuhlmann Julian , Rahm Louisa , Frohnhofen Helmut 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Polypharmacy is a widespread phenomenon in older patients. In particular, the anticholinergic burden of medication is an important risk factor for delirium due to age-related changes in the cholinergic system.

Methods
Preoperative medication, including the calculation of the anticholinergic burden (ACB), was recorded in a prospective study (421 patients) to identify potential risks associated with medication intake. Postoperative delirium screening was carried out daily.

Results
The study included 199 women (47.3%) and 222 men (52.7%) aged 80.8 ± 6.7 years and 78.8 ± 6.2 years, respectively. Antidepressants odds ratio (OR) 3.16 (95% confidence interval. CI, 1.51–6.64), antidiabetic drugs OR 2.53 (95% CI 1.27–5.03), neuroleptics OR 3.52 (95% CI 1.70–7.28) and Parkinson medication OR 5.88 (95% CI 1.95–17.7) showed a significantly higher risk for delirium. The ACB score revealed an anticholinergic burden in 43 patients (10.4%). The delirium rate was 25.6% (n = 11) and 11.0% (n = 40) had no anticholinergic burden. A significant correlation can be demonstrated with χ2(1) = 7.52, p = 0.006, Cramer’s V = 0.136. There was a 2.79-fold higher risk of delirium (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.31–5.97).

Conclusion
The standardized recording of medication is essential, especially when identifying patients at risk of suffering from delirium. The use of the ACB score to assess the anticholinergic burden is a simple and reliable screening tool and should be part of a preoperative geriatric assessment.
The role of inhibition in the processing of peripheral cues
Authors: Büsel Christian , Dahm Stephan F. , Sachse Pierre , Ansorge Ulrich 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe present study investigated the role of inhibition in peripheral cueing by nonpredictive cues. Based on past findings, we investigated the possibility that inhibition of learned irrelevant cue colors is typical of short cue-target intervals, with more competition for attention capture between cue versus target. In line with the expectation, in a modified contingent-capture protocol, with short cue-target intervals, we found same-location costs (SLCs) – that is, disadvantages for validly cued targets (cue = target position) compared to invalidly cued targets (cue ≠ target position) with consistently colored non-matching cues. In contrast, no such effects for inconsistently colored non-matching cues were observed with short intervals. In a control condition, with longer intervals, the differences between consistently and inconsistently colored cues were no longer observed. We argue that this effect is due to participants proactively inhibiting consistently colored non-matching cues with short intervals but not with long intervals, but that inhibition failed with inconsistently colored non-matching cues that could take on different possible colors. Alternative explanations in terms of object-updating costs or masking were ruled out. We conclude that the currently found type of inhibition of peripheral cues most likely reflected the limitation of proactively established control structures that could be used at the same time.
Globally stable blowup profile for supercritical wave maps in all dimensions
Authors: Glogić Irfan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider wave maps from the

$$(1+d)$$

(
1
+
d
)

-dimensional Minkowski space into the d-sphere. It is known from the work of Bizoń and Biernat (Commun Math Phys 338(3): 1443–1450, 2015) that in the energy-supercritical case, i.e., for

$$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

, this model admits a closed-form corotational self-similar blowup solution. We show that this blowup profile is globally nonlinearly stable for all

$$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

, thereby verifying a perturbative version of the conjecture posed in Bizoń and Biernat (Commun Math Phys 338(3): 1443–1450, 2015) about the generic large data blowup behavior for this model. To accomplish this, we develop a novel stability analysis approach based on similarity variables posed on the whole space

$$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. As a result, we draw a general road map for studying spatially global stability of self-similar blowup profiles for nonlinear wave equations in the radial case for arbitrary dimension

$$d \ge 3$$

d
≥
3

.
Dynamics of the prognostic index during the course of treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sen Masaomi , Ito Ryo , Abe Takeshi , Kazusaka Hiroko , Matsui Mami , Saitou Marie , Nagaoka Ryuta , Jikuzono Tomoo , Sugitani Iwao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Tumor/node/metastasis staging and prognostic index (PI) are used to predict prognosis and guide treatment for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). With the advent of treatments, such as BRAF/MEK inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, dynamic markers to assess disease status and treatment efficacy are needed. This study examined the utility of PI as a dynamic marker for ATC treatment.

Methods
This retrospective study investigated 20 patients with ATC who were treated aggressively from January 2011 to December 2022. Patients were categorized into low-, high-, low-, and high-high groups according to the PI before and after treatment. Survival was then compared between the groups.

Results
The median overall survival was not reached for the Low–Low, 363 days for the High–Low, 158.5 days for the Low–High, and 90.5 days for the High–High groups (p < 0.01). Among the 13 patients with an initially high PI, 6 patients achieved a low PI during treatment, but three showed subsequent increases. Categorizing PI further into decreased, temporarily decreased, and non-decreased groups, median overall survival was 363 days, 158.5 days, and 87 days, respectively (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
PI is a critical prognostic indicator that facilitates treatment decision-making for ATC. PI may also have potential as a dynamic marker for assessing the disease status and treatment efficacy.
Gene-environment interaction in ADHD traits: the role of school environment, personality, callousness-unemotional traits and satisfaction with life
Authors: Schwabe Inga , Pelt Dirk H. M. , Greven Corina U. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe investigated gene-environment interaction in ADHD traits, focusing on environmental variables related to personality traits, school environment, satisfaction with life, and callousness. Using data from 2170 16-year-old twins and state-of-the-art methodology to prevent spurious findings due to measurement scale artifacts, gene-environment interaction models were estimated separately for the two core ADHD dimensions, hyperactivity-impulsivity, and inattentiveness. Based on scores on the SWAN questionnaire, where high scores are reflective of low ADHD traits, results showed that additive genetic influences were more important in explaining individual differences in the degree of hyperactivity-impulsivity in twins with a high score on the trait conscientiousness than in twins with a moderate or low score (e.g., a positive gene-environment interaction). Similarly, additive genetic influences were relatively more important in explaining individual differences in the degree of inattentiveness in twins with a high score on conscientiousness or satisfaction with oneself. Lastly, a negative gene-environment interaction was found: For twins with a high score on the trait callousness, additive genetic influences were less important in explaining differences in the degree of inattentiveness than in twins with an average or low score on the trait. The finding of these specific gene-environment interactions is important for a deeper understanding of the etiology of ADHD traits and may assist in developing targeted interventions for genetically vulnerable individuals.
Cubic-quartic regularization models for solving polynomial subproblems in third-order tensor methods
Authors: Cartis Coralia , Zhu Wenqi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh-order tensor methods for solving both convex and nonconvex optimization problems have recently generated significant research interest, due in part to the natural way in which higher derivatives can be incorporated into adaptive regularization frameworks, leading to algorithms with optimal global rates of convergence and local rates that are faster than Newton’s method. On each iteration, to find the next solution approximation, these methods require the unconstrained local minimization of a (potentially nonconvex) multivariate polynomial of degree higher than two, constructed using third-order (or higher) derivative information, and regularized by an appropriate power of the change in the iterates. Developing efficient techniques for the solution of such subproblems is a current topic of research, and this paper addresses this question for the case of the third-order tensor subproblem. In particular, we propose the CQR algorithmic framework, for minimizing a nonconvex Cubic multivariate polynomial with Quartic Regularisation, by sequentially minimizing a sequence of local quadratic models that also incorporate both simple cubic and quartic terms. The role of the cubic term is to crudely approximate local tensor information, while the quartic one provides model regularization and controls progress. We provide necessary and sufficient optimality conditions that fully characterise the global minimizers of these cubic-quartic models. We then turn these conditions into secular equations that can be solved efficiently using root-finding procedures. We show, using our optimality characterisations, that a CQR algorithmic variant has the optimal-order evaluation complexity of $$\mathcal {O}(\epsilon ^{-3/2})$$

O
(

ϵ

-
3
/
2

)

when applied to minimizing our quartically-regularised cubic subproblem, which can be further improved in special cases. We propose practical CQR variants that judiciously use local tensor information to construct the local cubic-quartic models. We test these variants numerically and observe them to be competitive with cubic regularization and other subproblem solvers on typical instances and even show superior performance on ill-conditioned subproblems with special structure.
Accelerated affine-invariant convergence rates of the Frank–Wolfe algorithm with open-loop step-sizes
Authors: Wirth Elias , Peña Javier , Pokutta Sebastian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent papers have shown that the Frank–Wolfe algorithm () with open-loop step-sizes exhibits rates of convergence faster than the iconic $$\mathcal {O}(t^{-1})$$

O
(

t

-
1

)

rate. In particular, when the minimizer of a strongly convex function over a polytope lies on the boundary of the polytope, the algorithm with open-loop step-sizes $$\eta _t = \frac{\ell }{t+\ell }$$

η
t

=

ℓ

t
+
ℓ

for $$\ell \in \mathbb {N}_{\ge 2}$$

ℓ
∈

N

≥
2

has accelerated convergence $$\mathcal {O}(t^{-2})$$

O
(

t

-
2

)

in contrast to the rate $$\Omega (t^{-1-\epsilon })$$

Ω
(

t

-
1
-
ϵ

)

attainable with more complex line-search or short-step step-sizes. Given the relevance of this scenario in data science problems, research has grown to explore the settings enabling acceleration in open-loop . However, despite ’s well-known affine invariance, existing acceleration results for open-loop are affine-dependent. This paper remedies this gap in the literature, by merging two recent research trajectories: affine invariance (Peña in SIAM J. Optim. 33(4):2654–2674, 2023) and open-loop step-sizes (Wirth et al. in Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 2023). In particular, we extend all known non-affine-invariant convergence rates for with open-loop step-sizes to affine-invariant results.
Who’s Responsible?: Public Ascriptions of Responsibility for Endangered Species Conservation in Arkansas, USA
Authors: Toth Madaline G. , Rubino Elena C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHuman attitudes towards species and attributes of wildlife contribute to support for conservation. However, there is limited information on how perceptions of conservation as a concept and process influence attitudes towards endangered species conservation. Furthermore, the question of who society attributes as being responsible for the conservation of endangered species still looms. We address how perceptions towards wildlife and endangered species conservation predict ascriptions of responsibility for conservation through a survey of 1,049 residents of Arkansas, USA, about their attitudes towards and understandings of wildlife and endangered species conservation, their perceptions of and experiences with wildlife agencies, and their beliefs about the responsibilities various interested parties bear with regards to conserving endangered species. Respondents held generally positive attitudes towards wildlife conservation and endangered species conservation, as well as government wildlife agencies (US Fish and Wildlife Service and Arkansas Game and Fish Commission). Respondents perceived all interested parties (i.e., all Americans, all residents of Arkansas, licensed hunters/anglers in Arkansas, Arkansas landowners with endangered species on their land, and nongovernmental conservation organizations) as at least somewhat responsible for endangered species conservation in Arkansas. Ascriptions of responsibility to interested parties were often positively predicted by variables related to the importance of wildlife to ecosystem health and conservation costs. Our findings illustrate the perceived value of endangered species as a public resource, suggesting support for conservation efforts and their funding that has implications across the United States.
Spread Complexity of High Energy Neutrino Propagation over Astrophysical Distances
Authors: Dixit Khushboo , Haque S. Shajidul , Razzaque Soebur 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spread complexity measures the minimized spread of quantum states over all choices of basis. It generalizes Krylov operator complexity to quantum states under continuous Hamiltonian evolution. In this paper, we study spread complexity in the context of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos and propose a new flavor ratio based on complexity. Our findings indicate that our proposal might favor an initial ratio of fluxes as

$$\phi _{\nu _e}^0: \phi _{\nu _\mu }^0: \phi _{\nu _\tau }^0 = 1:0:0$$

ϕ

ν
e

0

:

ϕ

ν
μ

0

:

ϕ

ν
τ

0

=
1
:
0
:
0

over a more generally expected ratio of 1 : 2 : 0, when the IceCube neutrino observatory achieves its projected sensitivity to discriminate between flavors. Additionally, complexity-based definitions of flavor ratios exhibit a slight but nonzero sensitivity to the neutrino mass ordering, which traditional flavor ratios cannot capture.
Metabolomics analyses and comparative insight to neuroprotective potential of unripe fruits and leaves of Citrus aurantium ethanolic extracts against cadmium-induced rat brain dysfunction: involvement of oxidative stress and akt-mediated CREB/BDNF and GSK3β/NF-κB signaling pathways
Authors: Deabes Doaa A. H. , El-Abd Eman A. W. , Baraka Sara M. , El-Gendy Zeinab A. , Korany Reda M. S. , Elbatanony Marwa M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Serious neurological disorders were associated with cadmium toxicity. Hence, this research aimed to investigate the potential neuroprotective impacts of the ethanolic extracts of Citrus aurantium unripe fruits and leaves (CAF and CAL, respectively) at doses 100 and 200 mg/kg against cadmium chloride-provoked brain dysfunction in rats for 30 consecutive days. HPLC for natural pigment content revealed that CAF implied higher contents of Chlorophyll B, while the CAL has a high yield of chlorophyll A and total carotenoid. Fifty-seven chromatographic peaks were identified by UPLC/MS/MS; 49 and 29 were recognized from CAF or CAL, respectively. Four compounds were isolated from CAF: 3’,4’,7 –trihydroxyflavone, isorhainetin, vitexin, and apigenin. In vitro studies outlined the antioxidant capacity of studied extracts where CAF showed better scavenging radical DPPH activity. Results clarified that both extracts with a superior function of CAF at the high adopted dose significantly ameliorated CdCl2-induced neuro-oxidative stress and neuro-inflammatory response via restoring antioxidant status and hindering nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) stimulation. Moreover, it up-regulated the levels of phospho-protein kinase B (p-Akt), phospho- cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB), and brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) levels, and elicited a marked decrease in the content of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), besides amending Caspase-3 and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in brain tissues. Moreover, a significant improvement in the rats’ behavioral tasks of the CAL and CAF-treated groups has been recorded, as indicated by marked preservation in locomotion, exploratory, and memory functions of the experimental rats. In conclusion, the reported neuroprotective impacts of C. aurantium extracts may be through modulating p-AKT/p-CREB/BDNF and / or p-Akt/ GSK3β/NF-κB signaling pathways.
Preference for Sons and Daughters in Developing Countries: When Does (Dis)agreement Between Spouses Come into Play?
Authors: Kazenin Konstantin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper explores the relative roles of men’s and women’s sex composition preferences for women’s desire to stop childbearing in developing countries. The analysis covers 45 countries, using Demographic and Health Survey couples datasets from the years 2010 to 2021. Probabilities of women’s desire to stop childbearing are considered when the sex composition of children matches the ideals of both the woman and her partner, of the woman or her partner only, and of neither of them. Models with country fixed effects are estimated for two pooled samples, one including couples from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where sex composition of children is rarely linked to fertility, and the other one including couples from all other regions. The analysis has shown that in case men and women disagreed on whether current sex composition of children matched their ideals, women’s unmatched preferences were more strongly related to their desires to have one more child, both in and outside SSA. In the non-SSA countries, agreement of both spouses in their dissatisfaction with sex composition of children additionally raised the probability of women’s desire for the next child. However, men’s unmatched fertility preferences played no role in women’s fertility desires in SSA. Both the priority of women’s sex composition ideal for children and the importance of agreement between spouses are not expected in the context of family patriarchy. The results suggest that developing countries are not in a sharp contrast on roles of men and women in taking fertility decisions, at least in what concerns sex composition of children.
Quotative be like
Authors: Stokke Andreas , Ball Derek 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper examines a form of talking about speech acts, mental states, and other features so far unexplored in philosophy: quotative be like. Quotative be like is the use of like and to be that occurs in constructions such as “Ellen was like“I’m leaving!”” We argue that neglect of quotative be like represents a gap in our understanding of our ways of characterizing the minds and speech of ourselves and others. Further, we show that quotative be like is not reducible to more familiar forms of direct discourse or indirect discourse. Mapping out a number of different options for theorizing about quotative be like, we argue for an account on which the quoted material in quotative be like picks out properties.
Is it Possible to do Without the Fundamental?
Authors: Kortabarria Markel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article argues that one of the main arguments against metaphysical infinitism—the argument from vicious infinite regress—is unsuccessful. I suggest that a proper interpretation of the argument takes the charge against infinitism to be one of metaphysical insufficiency: without the fundamental facts fully grounding the rest of reality, derivative facts lack the necessary grounding base for their obtaining. I disambiguate the insufficiency claim by examining it from two different perspectives on the regress: the local perspective, which focuses on the obtaining of the individual derivative facts, and the global perspective, which focuses on the obtaining of the entire collection of derivative facts. For each perspective, I argue that the reasons for believing that infinitism cannot provide sufficient grounds are problematic.