bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the relationship between prediabetes and low skeletal mass based on blood creatinine level
Authors: Ibragimova S. I. , Nuskabayeva G. O. , Shalkharova Z. N. , Sadykova K. Zh. , Junusbekova G. A. , Oran M. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Low muscle mass increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 2) and prediabetes. Nutrition is an important factor in the study of the relationship between low muscle mass and the development of glucose metabolic disorders.AIM: The present study was conducted to assess the relationship between prediabetes and low muscle mass on the basis of serum creatinine levels, taking into account patient nutrition.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 551 patients aged 18–69 years without DM 2. The glucose level was determined based on fasting glucose and after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Hyperglycemia is assessed according to the classification of the World Health Organization. The MedDietScore questionnaire was used to assess the nutritional factor, which determines the adherence of patients to the Mediterranean diet. In order to assess odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI), a binary logistic regression was performed.RESULTS: The prevalence of prediabetes in the group with the lowest and highest blood creatinine level was 31.9% and 17.5% respectively (p=0.016). As a result of the conducted regression analysis, a statistically significant relationship was found between low creatinine levels and the chances of having prediabetes (crude OR 2,07, 95% CI 1,21; 3,56), which persisted after adjusting for socio-demographic, anthropometric factors, stress level and physical activity as well as muscle strength. After adding the data on MedDietScore to the statistical model, the revealed relationship was lost (p = 0.187).CONCLUSION: Low serum creatinine increases the chances of the presence of prediabet regardless of gender, age, body weight index, the volume of the hips, the ratio of the volume of the waist to growth, as well as physical activity, the level of stress and muscular power. However, the chances of the presence of prediabet do not differ in persons with low creatinine blood depending on the commitment to the Mediterranean diet among the population of those living in the Turkestan region.
Oxidative stress and changes in liver sialoglycoconjugate metabolic parameters in rats with alloxanic diabetes mellitus
Authors: Volkhina I. V. , Butolin E. G. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress may be one of the mechanisms for the development of complications in DM and many forms of CKD. However, the influence of this factor on the metabolism of sialoglycoconjugates, which actively participates in the regulatory processes of the body, is unknown.AIM: comparative study of the effect of lipoic acid on the parameters of liver sialoglycoconjugate metabolism in rats with alloxan diabetes mellitus.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies were conducted on white male rats weighing 180–220 grams. The animals were divided into three groups: in the animals of the first and second groups, alloxan diabetes mellitus (DM) was caused by a single subcutaneous injection of alloxan tetrahydrate (AT). Animals of the second group received lipoic acid intramuscularly; the third group consisted of intact rats. On 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after the injection of AT, a comprehensive examination of the animal’s condition was performed: 1) determination of the level of glycemia; 2) assessment of the degree of development of oxidative stress by the content of TBK-active products in the liver; 3) study of the dynamics of the exchange of sialoglycoconjugates in the liver (free, oligo-and protein-bound sialic acids, sialidase activity).RESULTS: The study was conducted on 106 rats, each experimental group had 48 animals, control — 10. It was found that the administration of α-lipoic acid to rats with alloxan diabetes leads to a decrease in the level of glycemia. The introduction of lipoic acid in experimental animals did not reduce the sialidase activity and the content of all sialic acid fractions in the liver, although it reduced the degree of oxidative stress in the body.CONCLUSION: Supplementation of lipoic acid in experimental animals did not significantly decrease sialidase activity and content of the sialic acid fractions under study in the liver, although it did reduce the degree of oxidative stress development in the organism. The increased rate of sialic acid metabolism in the liver of alloxan-diabetic rats may indicate a restructuring of hepatocyte metabolism to adapt the whole organism to prolonged hyperglycemia under insulin deficiency conditions.
Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of PIONEER 1, 2, 3 trials
Authors: Shamkhalova M. Sh. , Shestakova M. V. 
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) are the treatment options with comprehensive action on different aspects of type 2 diabetes. Due to its peptide nature GLP-1 RAs, until recent time the delivery of these agents into patients’ organism was via injectable devices. In 2019, the first time in history oral semaglutide was registered based on the results of PIONEER clinical trial program, since 2021 this drug is available in Russia. However, the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and local treatment approaches may differ in different populations; this can lead to the differences in the efficacy and safety of newly registered drug. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the response in different populations. In this paper we report the result of subanalysis of efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients.OBJECTIVE. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients, who participated in semaglutide clinical development program, as well as to evaluate consistency and applicability of the results obtained from global population in that program.MATERIALS AND METHODS. Patients from PIONEER 1, 2, 3 were included in the analysis: 150 patients from Russian, 1956 — the rest patients from these trials. Reductions in HbA1c and body weight were analyzed in both cohorts, and treatment differences were tested for interaction. Similarly, the rate of adverse events was analyzed.RESULTS. Reduction in HbA1c in oral semaglutide arms in both cohorts showed numerically similar and consistent result. Interaction test showed statistical difference in PIONEER 1 data (p=0.0268) — the effect was due to diminishing influence of substantial response in placebo arm in Russian cohort. In longer-term trials (PIONEER 2 and 3) this finding was not confirmed (p=0.7459 and p=0.4906, respectively). In regard to body weight reduction there were more numerically pronounced results in Russian cohort compared to global population; although statistical significance were not reached in any of the trial (p>0.05). There was lower rate of reported adverse events in Russian patients compared to the rest cohort.CONCLUSION. This analysis showed similar efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in Russian patients compared to global population of patients from clinical program.
(1R,2S,5R)-5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoate hydrochloride: Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity
Authors: Nesterkina Mariia , Musatov Vladimir , Honcharova Olena , Kravchenko Iryna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ester based on l-menthol and phenibut ‒ (1R,2S,5R)-5-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoate hydrochloride was obtained in 78% yield using N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a coupling reagent along with catalytic amount of 4-dimethylaminopyridine. The obtained product was characterized by FT-IR, fast-atom bombardment-mass spectrometry along with 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral analysis; the purity was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Phenibut ester has been examined on the models of chemically- and electrically-induced seizures for potential anticonvulsant profile.
Impact of eccentricity and depth-to-breadth ratio on the behavior of skirt foundation rested on dry gypseous soil
Authors: Abd-Alhameed Hind Jamal , Albusoda Bushra Suhale 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGypseous soils are considered one of the most problematic soils. The skirted foundation is an alternative technology that works to improve the bearing capacity and reduce settlement. This paper investigates the use of square skirted foundations resting on gypseous soil subjected to concentric and eccentric vertical load with eccentricity values of 4, 8, and 17 mm in 16 experimental model tests. To obtain the results by using this type of foundation, a small-scale physical model was designed to obtain the load–settlement behavior of the square skirted foundation; the dimension of the square footing is 100 mm × 100 mm with 1 mm thickness, the skirt depth (Ds) was 0.5, 1, and 1.5B(whereBis the footing width). The footing rests on dry gypseous soil with a relative density of 33%. The tests show that the gypsum content of the soil is 59%. The result shows that the highest bearing capacity for the square shape footing withDs/B= 1.5 subjected to concentric load results in an improvement ratio of 190%. For the eccentric load, withDs/B = 1.5, the increase in bearing capacity is about 120% ate= 8 mm when compared with using a foundation without a skirt.
Homerus sceptra potitus (Lucr. 3,1037–1038). De rerum natura als Hinführung zur Homerlektüre?
Authors: Weber Dorothea 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

De rerum natura displays a particular closeness to the Homeric epics on various levels: in language, in arguments, and in the selection of examples. This closeness clearly goes beyond similarities arising from the affinity as determined by genre. Further, a couple of passages are veritable translations from the Iliad resp. the Odyssey. There, the attitude towards the pretext becomes especially clear. It ranges from acknowledgement to rejection and in some instances is brought about through the use of allegory. This attitude of criticism and affinity at the same time can be observed in two passages of De rerum natura that are prominent due to their position: the beginning and the end allude to the plot of the Iliad. This should be read as an indication that Lucretius understood his didactic poem as an invitation to read the Homeric epics philosophically.
Schulübungen oder Kalenderblätter? Zur Interpretation einer Gruppe spätantiker Kulthymnen in der Appendix Claudianea
Authors: Bauer Martin M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Until now, the short cult hymns to Liber, Mars and Juno in the Appendix Claudianea have mostly been seen as rhetorical school exercises. Yet a philological-historical analysis shows that they could be remains of occasional poetry from everyday life. The hymns are structured according to the Roman festival calendar and, on the basis of language and content, should probably be dated to the final phase of public non-Christian cult practice in the fourth century. The anonymous poet was familiar with classical Greek and Latin poetry, but reveals weaknesses in Latin prosody and metre. It can therefore be supposed that he should be identified as one of the many Graeco-Egyptian ‘wandering poets’, but probably not as Claudian himself.
Career-Best Changes in Body Mass and Physical Fitness Test Performance Among Division 1 College Football Players Encompassing 28 Years at the Same Institution
Authors: Baur Daniel A. , Johnson Jack B. , Giron-Molina Leslie G. , Caterisano Michael , Shaner Charles , Caterisano Anthony , Gentry Mike 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Baur, DA, Johnson, JB, Giron-Molina, LG, Caterisano, M, Shaner, C, Caterisano, A, and Gentry, M. Career-best changes in body mass and physical fitness test performance among Division 1 college football players encompassing 28 years at the same institution. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Understanding typical changes induced by collegiate American football strength and conditioning programs is essential for optimizing program design and athletic development. The purpose of the study was to evaluate body mass and physical fitness test performance changes at a Division 1 program with 28 years of coaching stability. Initial and personal record results were collected from 1,102 players who were subdivided into 3 position groups: combination players (COMBO), skill players (SKILL), and line of scrimmage players. Players followed a linear periodized training program with biannual body mass and performance testing. Tested variables included body mass, strength (bench press, back squat, and front squat), impulse (power clean, push jerk, and vertical jump [VJ]), and speed/agility (10-yard dash [10YD], 40-yard dash, and 20-yard shuttle). The fixed effect of time and position group on the dependent variables was assessed using linear mixed models. If appropriate, post hoc tests using the estimated marginal means were used to evaluate the source of any significant effects. Significance was accepted as p < 0.05. Normative values were produced by descriptive statistics (i.e., weighted means). All players and position groups increased/improved across all tested variables (p < 0.05). Improvements were 8.2%, 11.9–18.3%, 13.5–17.5%, and 3.6–6.0% for body mass, strength, impulse, and speed/agility, respectively. Line of scrimmage improvements were absolutely larger across most tested variables and relatively larger for back squat, VJ, and 10YD vs. SKILL and with VJ vs. COMBO/SKILL (p < 0.05). These results reveal typical expectations for 4–5 years performance improvements and that position group differences in trainability may influence game readiness and training needs.
The second life of coffee can be even more energizing: Circularity of materials for bio-based electrochemical energy storage devices
Authors: Stufano Paolo , Perrotta Alberto , Labarile Rossella , Trotta Massimo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoffee is among the most drunk beverages in the world and its consumption produces massive amounts of waste. Valorization strategies of coffee wastes include production of carbon materials for electrochemical energy storage devices such as batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells.Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. In the linear model adopted so far, its consumption is associated with huge amounts of waste and spent coffee grounds. These wastes, instead, are very interesting secondary raw materials for several circular economy concepts. Nano-structured porous carbon materials obtained by coffee waste are emerging as active materials for electrochemical energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. The major results achieved in the last decade in this high-value exploitation strategy of coffee wastes are summarized to suggest a new sustainable use of coffee waste in the empowerment of the ongoing transition toward a green, electrified, and happier coffee-drinking society.
Graphical abstract
Epileptiform abnormalities in the disconnected hemisphere are common in seizure‐free patients after hemispherectomy
Authors: Alzahrany Majed , Alnakhli Rawyah , Bingaman William , Wyllie Elaine , Moosa Ahsan N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjective. The spectrum of EEG abnormalities in the disconnected hemisphere in seizure‐free patients after hemispherectomy has not been well characterized.Methods. Fifty consecutive patients who were seizure‐free following hemispheric disconnection were identified. Data on preoperative clinical, EEG and neuroimaging findings and postoperative EEG findings and antiseizure medication status were collected.Results. Forty‐seven patients (94%) had functional hemispherectomy, and three (6%) had more extensive tissue resection of the posterior quadrant or frontal region along with hemispheric disconnection. Etiologies included: residual effects from vascular lesions including perinatal stroke in 35 patients, Rasmussen encephalitis in six, malformation of cortical development in seven, and Sturge‐Weber syndrome in two. Pre‐operative EEG showed focal epileptiform discharges in the affected hemisphere in 26 patients and in both hemispheres in 19. Eleven patients had diffuse bisynchronous epileptiform discharges. Postoperative EEGs at six to 12 months after surgery showed slowing and attenuation of physiological rhythms on the operated side in all patients. Thirty‐four patients (68%) had epileptiform discharges exclusively from the operated hemisphere, six (12%) had bilateral independent epileptiform discharges, nine (18%) had no epileptiform discharges on either side, and one (2%) had epileptiform discharges from the contralateral hemisphere only. Lateralized periodic discharges from the operated hemisphere were noted in three patients (6%). EEG seizures from the operated hemisphere without clinical signs were noted in four patients (8%). After a median follow‐up of three years, 30 patients (60%) were off all antiseizure medications, including 8/9 (89%) patients with no epileptiform discharges, 20/34 (59%) patients with postoperative epileptiform discharges from the operated hemisphere, and 2/7 (28%) patients with contralateral discharges.Significance. The majority of patients who are seizure‐free after disconnective hemispherectomy will continue to show epileptiform discharges in the operated hemisphere. The presence of such discharges should not preclude tapering, nor prompt restarting of antiseizure medication in seizure‐free patients.
Microalbuminuria as a predictor of patient outcome in pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Tariq Syed , Mateen Marwah , Ashraf Mohammad , Wani Safoora , Bhat Javaid Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Background: Critically ill children have disturbed milieu interior and these disturbances can be estimated by measuring how much apart one or many physiologic variables are from the normal range. In critical care units, predicting patients' outcomes is vital to the intensivist. It allows planning early aggressive therapeutic interventions, optimum resource allocation and appropriate family and patient counselling.Methods: The study was conducted in the post graduate department of pediatrics and neonatology of tertiary care hospital. All patients admitted to our PICU for any critically ill ailment were classified into three groups.Results: In our study of 250 patients, study groups were divided into three groups. Group 1 patients with sepsis; group 2 patients with SIRS and group 3 patients without sepsis and SIRS. Ninety-four patients belonged to group 1; 78 belonged to group 2 and 78 belonged to group 3. There were 42, 36 and 27 females in group 1, group 2 and group 3, respectively. Most patients resided in district Kupwara. Most cases had respiratory system involvement. The median albumin creatinine ratio within 6 hours of admission (ACR1) and at 24 hours was 148 mg/g and 97 mg/g, respectively, among survivors and 199.2 and 287 among non-survivors. There were 30 deaths in group 1, 11 deaths in group 2 and 5 deaths in group 3.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria was found in 78.8% of critically ill children at admission. Urine albumin creatinine ratio at 6 and 24 hours of PICU stay was assessed to predict the degree of severity and mortality. It was found to have 88.5% sensitivity and 62.3% specificity.
Clinical spectrum of lysosomal storage disorders in children
Authors: Kariyappa Pushpalatha , Manjunath Dakshayani , Sarode Sushmitha , Rao Udayakumar SSeetharam 
Published: July 2022

Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are inherited metabolic diseases that are characterized by the accumulation of various toxic metabolites as a result of enzyme deficiencies. LSDs comprises of more than 50 diseases and are classified on a biochemical basis and the type of accumulated substrate. Most of the LSDs are inherited as autosomal recessive disorders with a few exceptions. Gaucher disease is the most common LSD. Clinical presentation of these children usually includes- anaemia, easy bruising, abnormally enlarged liver and/or spleen. We report a case series of 12 children with LSD. Among them 9 (75%) with GD, 3 (25%) with MPS. Based on the symptoms, in reducing order of frequency, children presented with generalised weakness, growth failure, abdominal distension, and developmental delay. 3 children with MPS had coarse facial features with reduced joint movements and hearing impairment. On examination, 5 children (41.6%) weighed less than third percentile, 9 (75%) had short stature, 10 (83%) had moderate to severe visceromegaly, CNS involvement in 2 children seen as hypotonia, occulomotor apraxia. Hematological parameters in all revealed- anaemia/leucopenia/thrombocytopenia- with two or more of the cell lines being affected. Bone marrow biopsy done in 9 (75%) children all of which were abnormal. Most of the children had enzyme activity levels between 0 to less than 15% of the normal reference range of the respective enzyme. ERT was initiated in 9 children (7 GD children and 2 MPS child) and followed up, showed a gradual amelioration in the symptoms by 1 year of regular ERT.
Determination of phytochemicals and some selected antioxidants from the juice of sweet orange
Authors: Ogbodo EC , Iwuji JC , Okonkwo VC , Amaifeobu C , Ajah SBN , Okezie AO , Onuora IJ , Amah AK 
Published: July 2022

sometimes known as sweet orange, is a fruit native to Southeast Asia that is now consumed all over the world as a rich source of vitamin C, a potent natural anti-oxidant that aids in optimal body function. The phytochemicals and selected antioxidants in sweet orange juice were determined in this study. The concentrations of phytochemicals in sweet orange juice were determined by titrimetrically measuring phytic acid and oxalate, gravimetrically measuring cardiac glycosides, and spectrophotometrically measuring saponins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, and steroids against the absorbance of the control. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) was used as a standard control for measuring antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity against DPPH, NO, Hydroxyl value, HO, and Reducing power ability. The results showed the presence of flavonoid (17.64±0.00), saponin (1.227±0.0028), terpenoids (1.64±0.74), phenol (0.50±0.0014), alkaloid (15.855±0.02), cardiac glycosides (6.3±1.40), steroid (7.68±0.00), oxalate (0.031±0.00), phytate (0.29±0.042) with tannin (282.925±0.30) being the most abundant. Antioxidants studies of the HO on the orange juice showed that as the concentration of the test sample increases, the scavenging activity increases. DPPH radical scavenging activity being an accepted mechanism for screening the anti-oxidants activity of plants extracts when compared with Ascorbic acid, the result showed that the Ascorbic acid has more scavenging property than the DPPH. With an increasing level of the Ascorbic acid absorbance, the result showed strong reducing power ability. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the sweet orange juice extract when compared with the ascorbic acid showed that the Ascorbic acid has more scavenging activity. sweet orange may be recommended for individuals due to its rich antioxidants and phytochemical properties.