bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Almost Complex Torus Manifolds—Graphs and Hirzebruch Genera
Authors: Jang Donghoon 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Let a $k$-dimensional torus $T^k$ act on a $2n$-dimensional compact connected almost complex manifold $M$ with isolated fixed points. As in the case of circle actions, we show that there exists a (directed labeled) multigraph that contains information on weights at the fixed points and isotropy submanifolds of $M$. This includes the notion of a GKM (Goresky-Kottwitz-MacPherson) graph as a special case that weights at each fixed point are pairwise linearly independent. If in addition $k=n$, that is, $M$ is an almost complex torus manifold, the multigraph is a graph; it has no multiple edges. We show that the Hirzebruch $\chi _y$-genus $\chi _y(M)=\sum _{i=0}^n a_i(M) \cdot (-y)^i$ of an almost complex torus manifold $M$ satisfies $a_i(M)&gt; 0$ for $0 \leq i \leq n$. In particular, the Todd genus of $M$ is positive and there are at least $n+1$ fixed points.
Measured Asymptotic Expanders and Rigidity for Roe Algebras
Authors: Li Kang , Špakula Ján , Zhang Jiawen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we give a new geometric condition in terms of measured asymptotic expanders to ensure rigidity of Roe algebras. Consequently, we obtain the rigidity for all bounded geometry spaces that coarsely embed into some $L^p$-space for $p\in [1,\infty )$. Moreover, we also verify rigidity for the box spaces constructed by Arzhantseva–Tessera and Delabie–Khukhro even though they do not coarsely embed into any $L^p$-space. The key step in our proof of rigidity is showing that a block-rank-one (ghost) projection on a sparse space $X$ belongs to the Roe algebra $C^{\ast }(X)$ if and only if $X$ consists of (ghostly) measured asymptotic expanders. As a by-product, we also deduce that ghostly measured asymptotic expanders are new sources of counterexamples to the coarse Baum–Connes conjecture.
Subjects of Quantum Measurement: Surveillance and Affect in the War on Terror
Authors: Brandimarte Italo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe idea of measurement (of bodies and identities) is a guiding principle of globalized surveillance in the War on Terror. Nevertheless, this inherently scientific notion is so naturalized in public and academic discourse that its meaning and implications are left undiscussed. This paper builds on quantum theory to present an immanent critique of measurement in surveillance. Foregrounding surveillance's transdisciplinary conceptual foundations, it argues that a notion of identity measurement centered on ambiguity and embodiment, rather than fixity and abstraction, reshapes the scope for political action and opens new avenues for critique. I suggest that a lack of critical engagement with the concept of measurement accounts for Surveillance Studies’ and International Political Sociology's difficulty in exploring the relation between the material–affective dimension of surveillance and its identity-fixing function. Challenging unquestioned notions of measurement in social science, quantum theory highlights the interconnected importance of ambiguity and embodiment in processes of identity measurement. Through the case of airport security, I illustrate how quantum measurement departs from recent critical accounts of surveillance—concerned with the fixity of unambiguous identities and the digital abstraction of bodies—and foregrounds the ambiguity of affect to postulate new forms of agency and resistance to the politics of surveillance.
“He Knew of a Surety”: Realism, Zionist National-Security Discourse, and the Absent Sublime
Authors: Levine Daniel J 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDrawing on close readings of an understudied Hebrew-language archive—the journal Ma'arakhot—this article examines the emergence of a new political and technical vernacular for the “doing” of national security. That vernacular was both practical and poetic/rhetorical. That is, it aimed to produce intuitive Hebrew-language equivalents for strategic, operational, and tactical concepts used in foreign—especially British, Soviet, and American—sources and to foster a vibrant, expressive, Hebrew-language political vernacular into which they could be placed. The article considers tensions that arose between these two aims, and the ways in which the journal's editors and translators attempted—ultimately unsuccessfully—to deal with them. “Realism,” whether literary or political, requires a mythic framework for which it cannot itself give account. Unable to resolve these tensions, the journal took up to a fulsome, faux-biblical prose style for its fictional offerings, producing what I call an “absent sublime.” The article describes the “absent sublime” in some detail, along with the specific stylistic choices upon which it relied. It then considers the backlashes such usages may engender, in light of the tensions they conceal and are predicated upon but cannot resolve.
The E-Id axis specifies adaptive and innate lymphoid lineage cell fates
Authors: Miyazaki Masaki , Miyazaki Kazuko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Our bodies are constantly threatened with the invasion of pathogens, such as bacteria and virus. Immune responses against pathogens are evoked in collaboration with adaptive and innate immune systems. Adaptive immune cells including T and B cells recognize various antigens from pathogens through the antigen recognition receptors such as immunoglobulin (Ig) and T-cell receptor (TCR), and they evoke antigen-specific immune responses to eliminate the pathogens. This specific recognition of a variety of antigens relies on the V(D)J DNA recombination of Ig and TCR genes, which is generated by the Rag (recombination activation gene) 1/Rag2 protein complex. The expression of Rag1/2 genes is stringently controlled during the T and B cell development; Rag1/2 gene expression indicates the commitment towards adaptive lymphocyte lineages. In this review article, we will discuss the developmental bifurcation between adaptive and innate lymphoid cells, and the role of transcription factors, especially the E and Id proteins, upon the lineage commitment, and the regulation of Rag gene locus.
Impact of Icerya purchasi (Hempitera: Monophlebidae) on Navel Orange, Citrus sinensis, Production and Fruit Quality
Authors: Grafton-Cardwell Elizabeth E , Gu Ping , Daugherty Matthew P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi Maskell, is an occasional pest of citrus, especially when insecticides disrupt vedalia beetle, Novius cardinalis (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). In two field tests conducted in successive years, navel orange trees were artificially infested with I. purchasi to determine the impact of I. purchasi on fruit yield and quality. In the first year, for which adult scale densities ranged between 0 and &gt; 45 per branch and between 0 and &gt; 500 on trunk counts, there was a highly significant negative linear relationship between the number of I. purchasi adults on branches or the trunk and its effect on fruit number, the percentage of large fruit, and the mass of fruit, and a highly significant positive relationship for the percentage of sooty mold-affected fruit and the percentage of juice grade fruit. In the second year, in which adult scale densities ranged between 0 and 10.5 per branch and between 0 and 35 on trunk counts, only the percentage of sooty mold-affected fruit showed a relationship. Damage to fruit was better predicted by population estimates from branch samples versus trunk counts. Analysis of the two years, estimated significant damage ranging from 2 adults per branch to no detectable effects of insect density, depending on the given metric of fruit number or quality, at the time that treatment decisions would be made. These results support May–June monitoring of branches for adult scales and application of treatments at an action threshold of &lt;2 adult females/branch to prevent damage to navel orange trees.
Imaging Islamic architecture in the multileveled archaeological settlement of Tell Dibgou, Northeast Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Amin , Senosy Mahmoud M , El-Khadragy Ali , Saada Saada Ahmed , Abdelrahman Kamal , Alarifi Saad S , Mickus Kevin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tell Dibgou, northeastern Nile Delta (Egypt), is a typical type of complex archaeological site that contains ruins from different chronological periods (Pharaonic, Byzantine, Greece-Roman and Islamic), as evidenced by the findings of pottery kilns, pottery shards, fired brick and colored glass. This study aims to image the topmost archaeological layer of Islamic architecture using electrical resistivity tomography and land-based magnetic surveys. Two nearby areas in the northern part of Tell Dibgou were investigated; the first was surveyed using resistivity tomography and magnetics, and the second used total-field and vertical magnetic gradients. Several electrode arrays (dipole–dipole, Wenner Beta, Wenner Schlumberger and pole–dipole) were tested to select the one that provides better resolution. Two inversion schemes were applied where the smoothness-constrained inversion smeared and blurred the archaeological boundaries, and the robust inversion produced models with well-defined and sharp edges. The vertical extent of the topmost archaeological layer of Islamic settlers was imaged using the electrical resistivity tomography; however, the presence of slag debris, collapsed bricks, and pottery shards at shallow depths complicated the discrimination of the closest walls. The interpretation of magnetic data (total and vertical gradients) in terms of depth and geometry was executed using semi-automated techniques such as three-dimensional, Euler deconvolution and tilt angle derivative. The geometry of archaeological targets is interpreted to be closed rooms, water tanks and corridors constructed from fired brick walls filled with clay sediments. The depths yielded from both techniques are comparable and range from &gt;1 m to up to 2 m.
Joint PP-PS seismic prestack inversion of thin-bed reservoirs
Authors: Yang Chun , Wang Yun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thin beds are significant targets in seismic exploration of lithological reservoirs. The conventional Amplitude Versus Offset/Angle (AVO/AVA) inversion methods are based on Zoeppritz equations and their approximate formulas under single-interface assumptions, which are not suitable for thin-bed problems. Therefore, AVO/AVA inversion methods for thin-bed reservoirs are needed in high-resolution seismic exploration. Based on approximate reflection coefficients of a thin bed, this paper proposes a joint PP-PS prestack inversion method of thin-bed reservoirs using a least-squares approach. The method directly predicts elastic properties, including P-wave velocities, S-wave velocities and densities, as well as thin-bed thickness. In this study, four typical thin-bed models and an actual thin coal seam were used to prove applicability and superiority of the given inversion procedure. Compared to prestack inversion methods using exact Zoeppritz equations, our inversion method reveals thin-bed existence precisely, gives higher estimation accuracy and has better noise robustness. Future applications of the proposed inversion method are expected to advance seismic reflectivity techniques of thin-bed reservoirs, making it possible to detect potential source reservoirs with higher precision and accuracy.
New Drugs and Regimens for Tuberculosis Disease Treatment in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Garcia-Prats Anthony J , Starke Jeffrey R , Waning Brenda , Kaiser Brian , Seddon James A 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
After almost 30 years of relative stagnation, research over the past decade has led to remarkable advances in the treatment of both drug-susceptible (DS) and drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) disease in children and adolescents. Compared with the previous standard therapy of at least 6 months, 2 new regimens lasting for only 4 months for the treatment of DS-TB have been studied and are recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), along with a shortened 6-month regimen for treatment of DS-TB meningitis. In addition, the 18- to 24-month regimens previously used for DR-TB that included painful injectable drugs with high rates of adverse effects have been replaced with shorter, safer all-oral regimens. Advances that have improved treatment include development of new TB drugs (bedaquiline, delamanid, pretomanid), reapplication of older TB drugs (rifampicin and rifapentine), and repurposing of other drugs (clofazimine and linezolid). The development of child-friendly formulations for many of these drugs has further enhanced the ability to safely and effectively treat DS- and DR-TB in children and adolescents. The characteristics and use of these drugs, regimens, and formulations are reviewed.
Late presentation of laryngeal lipoid proteinosis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alrusayyis Danah F , Alaraifi Abdulaziz K , Alhumaid Salwa , Khan Abdul Latif , Elkrim Mohammed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal-recessive disease characterized by the deposition of hyaline material infiltrating multiple body organs, including the larynx. The possible clinical presentations are wide-ranging. Laryngeal involvement results in dysphonia that is noted at birth or infantile years. The diagnosis is based on histological findings, and the management options vary depending on the severity of the symptoms. In this paper, we report an unusual case of LP with laryngeal involvement in an adult patient, along with a review of current literature.
The Akkadian Expression Lā Watar
Authors: Arkhipov Ilya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Akkadian expression lā watar (lā matar) appears in two dozen Old Babylonian letters, in Standard Babylonian lexical lists and, arguably, in an Old Babylonian mathematical text and in an Old Assyrian letter. Though the expression has been known since the early twentieth century, it has never been an object of a special study. Commentaries in the editions and the dictionaries posit for lā watar four meanings: ‘that's enough’, ‘no longer’, ‘really’ and ‘finally’. These quite different meanings can hardly be expressed by one and the same word. The question is therefore: Which of the four are correct, if any? This study attempts to answer this question by analysing all available examples of lā watar and using cross-linguistic evidence. The inquiry shows that lā watar means ‘now, but not before’. Contextual English translations are ‘finally’, ‘at last’, ‘only now’, ‘(only) just’ and ‘from now on’.
A novel transcription factor, ScAIL1, modulates plant defense responses by targeting DELLA and regulating gibberellin and jasmonic acid signaling in sugarcane
Authors: Chai Zhe , Fang Jinlan , Huang Cuilin , Huang Run , Tan Xuan , Chen Baoshan , Yao Wei , Zhang Muqing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
DELLA proteins are important repressors of gibberellin signaling, regulating plant development and defense responses through crosstalk with various phytohormones. Sugarcane ScGAI encodes a DELLA protein that regulates culm development. However, it is unclear which transcription factors mediate the transcription of ScGAI. Here, we identified two different ScGAI promoter sequences that cooperatively regulate ScGAI transcription. We also identified a nuclear-localized AP2 family transcription factor, ScAIL1, which inhibits the transcription of ScGAI by directly binding to two ScGAI promoters. ScAIL1 was expressed in all sugarcane tissues tested and was induced by gibberellin and various stressors, including NaCl, polyethylene glycol, and pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Overexpression of ScAIL1 in rice significantly improved resistance to bacterial blight and rice blast, while reducing growth and development. In addition, several genes associated with stress responses were significantly up-regulated in transgenic rice overexpressing ScAIL1. Endogenous phytohormone content and expression analysis further revealed that ScAIL1-overexpressing lines improved resistance to bacterial blight and rice blast instead of promoting growth, and that this response was associated with increased jasmonic acid synthesis and gibberellin inactivation. These results provide molecular evidence that the role of ScAIL1 in the plant defense response is related to jasmonic acid and gibberellin signaling.
Evaluating Medic Performance in Combat Casualty Care Simulation and Training: A Scoping Review of Prospective Research
Authors: Knisely Benjamin M , Gaudaen James C , Smith Andrew V , Perta Julie M , Pamplin Jeremy C , Quinn Matthew T , Schmidt Patricia M 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Combat medics are required to perform highly technical medical procedures in austere environments with minimal error. Effective means to quantify medic performance in field and simulated environments are critical to optimize medic training procedures as well as to evaluate the influence of medical equipment and other supportive technologies on medic performance. Human performance evaluation in combat casualty care presents many unique challenges due to the unique environment (battlefields) and population (medics) that must be represented. Recent advances in simulation and measurement technology have presented opportunities to improve simulation fidelity and measurement quality; however, it is currently unclear to what extent these advances have been adopted in this domain.

Methodology
In this work, a scoping review of recent (2011–2021) prospective research on Army medic (68 W and Special Operations) performance is presented. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines served as the framework for the review. The goal of this work was to summarize recent trends and practices and to illuminate opportunities for future work. Two human factors experts performed an exhaustive review of relevant, peer-reviewed literature and systematically identified articles for inclusion in the final analysis. The articles were examined in detail, and data elements of interest were extracted.

Results
Forty-eight articles were identified based on the defined inclusion criteria. Thirty three of the articles focused on technological evaluation, 25 focused on medic training procedures, and 5 focused on evaluating medical techniques. Study contributions were predominantly related to medic training materials/procedures and simulator technology. Supportive medical technologies, including telemedical systems, hemorrhage control devices, and ultrasound devices, also received significant attention. Timing was the most common metric used to quantify medic performance, followed by skill pass/fail ratings. There was a notable lack of neurophysiological data used to examine medic physical/cognitive workload during procedures, a growing practice in many other related domains. The most commonly simulated procedures were hemorrhage control, airway management, and thoracostomy. Notable limitations cited across articles were insufficient simulation fidelity, inadequate sample size or sample representativeness, and poor study design.

Conclusions
This work provided a summary of recent peer-reviewed research related to medic simulation and training, and performance evaluation. This article should be used to contextualize existing research and inspire new research questions. Expanding and advancing research on medic simulation and training will help to ensure optimal casualty care at the front lines.
Improving Care by Decreasing Wait Times: A Military Health System Quality Improvement Project
Authors: McDermott Emily , Henley Joshua , Joyce Meghan , Aden James , Nuelle Julia A V 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Maximizing patient satisfaction is now a significant focus in many outpatient orthopedic clinics as it has been shown to affect many facets of healthcare. With this quality improvement study, we sought to determine the areas of the longest patient wait time during their clinical encounter and evaluate the effect of an identification card system on those times. We hypothesized that utilizing an identification card system would expedite the time patients spend in the clinic and decrease wait times.

Methods
This quality improvement study was conducted in an orthopedic hand surgery clinic within a military treatment facility. Pre-intervention and intervention data collection consisted of a time sheet that was filled out by surgeons and clinic staff as the patient progressed through their appointment. The intervention consisted of a card system to track the patient throughout their encounter and mark their order in the queue.

Results
There were a total of 130 patients in the pre-intervention group and 113 in the intervention group. Compared with the pre-intervention group, the intervention group patients had significantly less time from check-in to being roomed by the clinic staff with a mean of 13 ± 13  vs. 21 ± 19 minutes in the pre-intervention group (P &lt; .001). In the pre-intervention cohort, the average clinic encounter was 66 ± 38 minutes compared to 57 ± 35 minutes in the intervention cohort, which was not statistically significant (P = .112). The time spent with the orthopedic surgeon and occupational therapists increased in the intervention group.

Conclusion
We provided a simple way to decrease patient wait times and increase time with the healthcare team, utilizing our existing clinic space. Time with the orthopedic surgeon significantly increased because of our intervention, while the overall clinic time trended down.
Multicolour optical light curves of the companion star to the millisecond pulsar PSR J2051−0827
Authors: Dhillon V S , Kennedy M R , Breton R P , Clark C J , Mata Sánchez D , Voisin G , Breedt E , Brown A J , Dyer M J , Green M J , Kerry P , Littlefair S P , Marsh T R , Parsons S G , Pelisoli I , Sahman D I , Wild J F , van Kerkwijk M H , Stappers B W 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We present simultaneous, multicolour optical light curves of the companion star to the black-widow pulsar PSR J2051−0827, obtained approximately 10 yr apart using ULTRACAM and HiPERCAM, respectively. The ULTRACAM light curves confirm the previously reported asymmetry in which the leading hemisphere of the companion star appears to be brighter than the trailing hemisphere. The HiPERCAM light curves, however, do not show this asymmetry, demonstrating that whatever mechanism is responsible for it varies on time-scales of a decade or less. We fit the symmetrical HiPERCAM light curves with a direct-heating model to derive the system parameters, finding an orbital inclination of $55.9^{+4.8}_{-4.1}$ degrees, in good agreement with radio-eclipse constraints. We find that approximately half of the pulsar’s spin-down energy is converted to optical luminosity, resulting in temperatures ranging from approximately $5150^{+190}_{-190}$ K on the day side to $2750^{+130}_{-150}$ K on the night side of the companion star. The companion star is close to filling its Roche lobe ($f_{\rm RL} =0.88^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$) and has a mass of $0.039^{+0.010}_{-0.011}$ M⊙, giving a mean density of $20.24^{+0.59}_{-0.44}$ g cm−3 and an apsidal motion constant in the range 0.0036 &lt; k2 &lt; 0.0047. The companion mass and mean density values are consistent with those of brown dwarfs, but the apsidal motion constant implies a significantly more centrally condensed internal structure than is typical for such objects.