bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu Balita Tentang Penanganan Diare Berdasarkan Karakteristik
Authors: Purba Meriati , Simbolon Nagoklan , Br Limbeng Meydiana 
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang : Diare merupakan salah satu penyebab utama angka kematian anak dan morobiditas di dunia yang menyebabkan tubuh kehilangan cairan dan mengalami dehidrasi. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan 4 milyar kasus diare terjadi di dunia dan 2,2 juta diantaranya meninggal, dan sebagian besar anak anak dibawah umur 5 tahun. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu yang memiliki balita berdasarkan usia, agama, suku, pendidikan, pekerjaan dan penghasilan di Puskesmas Talun Kenas tahun 2021. Metode : Deskriptif dengan teknik consecutive sampling dimana pengumpulan datanya dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil : Didapatkan bahwa dari 84 responden menunjukkan usia responden yang proporsi berada pada usia 26-35 tahun sebanyak 53 responden (63.1%), agama responden yang proporsi tertinggi islam sebanyak 38 responden (45.2%), suku responden yang proporsi tertinggi karo sebanyak 65 responden (77.4%), pendidikan responden yang proporsi tertinggi SMA sebanyak 38 responden (45.2%), pekerjaan responden yang proporsi tertinggi tak bekerja/IRT sebanyak 46 responden (54.8%), dan penghasilan responden yang proporsi tertinggi rendah sebanyak 68 responden (81.0%). Sebagian besar ibu balita berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 36 responden (42.9%). Kesimpulan : karakteristik demografi dapat mempengaruhi pengetahuan ibu balita dalam penanganan diare. Dilihat dari itu di wilayah Puskesmas Talun Kenas lebih banyak berpengetahuan cukup.
ANGIOPLASTY UNTUK STENOSIS ATEROSKLEROSIS INTRAKRANIAL
Authors: Tranggono Yudo Utomo  
Published: February 2022

Stenosis Aterosklerosis Intrakranial (ICAS) adalah penyebab umum Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) dan stroke iskemik yang merupakan penyebab kematian nomor dua di dunia. Hingga 40 - 50%, tingkat ICAS simptomatik secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada populasi Asia dan mungkin merupakan penyebab paling umum dari stroke di seluruh dunia. Indikasi untuk perawatan endovaskular merupakan tantangan dan pemilihan bahan serta teknik intervensi pada dasarnya berbeda dari pengobatan stenosis ekstrakranial. Prosedur konservatif (perubahan medis dan gaya hidup) dan terapi endovaskular serta pendekatan terapi endovaskular (angioplasti balon perkutan (PTA) atau angioplasti stent-assisted (PTAS)) tersedia untuk perawatan ICAS. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk menevaluasi peran angioplasty sebagai tatalaksana dari stenosis aterosklerosis intrakranial. Perawatan endovaskular, seperti balloon angioplasty dengan atau tanpa stenting, telah muncul sebagai pilihan terapeutik untuk stenosis intrakranial simtomatik. Ada banyak jenis teknik endovaskular yang tersedia untuk perawatan ICAS, termasuk balloon angioplasty, ballon – mounted stent (Pharos Vitesse), dan self – expandable stent (Wingspan), masing-masing memiliki fitur dan keunggulan spesifik yang berkaitan dengan lesi arteri intrakranial yang berbeda. Maka dari itu, terapi endovascular pada pasien ICAS dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif untuk mencegah TIA/stroke iskemik berulang. Tindakan endovaskular membutuhan pertimbangan yang komprehensif dan persiapan multidisiplin agar dapat memberikan pelayanan yang efektif untuk pasien.
Kata Kunci : Stenosis Aterosklerosis Intrakranial, Angioplasty, Aterosklerosis Intrakranial, Stenosis Intrakranial
Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior And Risk Assessment Of People In Bulukumba Regency During The COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Safruddin  , Asri  , Siringoringo Edison 
Published: February 2022

Latar Belakang: Penyakit Coronavirus (COVID-19 ) merupakan masalah Kesehatan serius di dunia pada akhir Tahun 2019. Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menyatakan bahwa Penyakit COVID-19 dikategorikan sebagai pandemi global. Pemerintah Indonesia melakukan berbagai upaya untuk meningkatkan penanganan COVID-19, untuk mengendalikan transmisi COVID-19 dengan melakukan skrining massif, melakukan pembatasan sosial dan karantina diri. Tindakan penanggulangan COVID-19 masih tetap berlanjut sampai saat ini, dibutuhkan kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap langkah-langkah upaya yang dilakukan, yang sebagian besar dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan masyarakat terhadap COVID-19.
Tujuan : Mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku dan penilaian risiko masyarakat di Kabupaten Bulukumba selama Pandemi Covid 19.
Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel adalah masyarakat Di Kabupaten Bulukumba sebanyak 725 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Cluster random sampling.
Hasil: Hasil analisa data univariat diperoleh sebagian masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah berpengetahuan baik yaitu sejumlah 336 orang 46,3%), sebagian besar sikap masyarakat Selama Pandemic COVID-19 adalah sikap positif yaitu sejumlah 356 orang (49,1%), sebagian perilaku masyarakat Selama Pandemic COVID-19 adalah tindakan baik yaitu sejumlah 304 orang (41.9%). Dan penilaian risiko sedang yaitu sejumlah 359 orang (49,5%)
Kesimpulan : Sebagian masyarakat di Kabupaten Bulukumba memiliki pengetahuan yang baik, sikap yang positif dan perilaku yang baik serta penilaian risiko sedang sebagai upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan COVID-19
Relationship Between Mother's Knowledge Of Breast Milk Companion Food With Accuracy of Breastfeeding Companion Feeding
Authors: Ayu Andhira  , Tenriwati  , Haerati  
Published: February 2022

Background: Breast milk companion food should be given after the baby is 6 months old because it can provide great benefits to the baby (Alam, 2010). Factors that play an important role to prevent improper feeding of breast milk are maternal knowledge factors and maternal work factors. Maternal behavior in this case plays an important role to prevent improper feeding of breast milk so that it will reduce the risk of the baby experiencing indigestion and can have stronger endurance. There are some mothers who provide breast milk companion food is not on time. Research objectives: To Find Out the Relationship Between Maternal Knowledge Levels About Breast Milk Companion Foods With Timeliness of Breastfeeding Companion Feeding in the Working Area of Puskesmas Caile Bulukumba Regency. Method: This type of research is quantitative research using a non-experimental design using the Cross-Sectional approach. A sample of 49 respondents was taken by the consecutive sampling method. The data analysis in this study used a chi-square test statistical test. Results: Based on the results of univariate analysis, it is known that the mother's knowledge of MP-BREAST MILK feeding is at most sufficient and good categories as many as 44 people (67.7%). And the timeliness of giving MP-BREAST MILK is the most appropriate category as many as 38 people (58.5%). The results of the analysis using the chi-square test obtained a significant value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about breast milk companion food and the timeliness of breastfeeding companion feeding in the working area of the public health caile bulukumba district. And it is recommended for hospital institutions are expected to consider applying as a nursing relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about breast milk companion food with the timeliness of breastfeeding companion feeding
Makna Pendidikan Jasmani Bagi Siswa Ditinjau dari Aspek Tanggung Jawab
Authors: Karisman Vicki Ahmad , Wahyuni Desi Sri 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui makna pendidikan jasmani bagi siswa ditinjau dari aspek tanggung jawab di SMA Negeri 1 Pangalengan. Pendidikan jasmani menjadi tema dalam penelitian ini karena peranannya dalam pendidikan sangat penting. Perkembangan kurikulum menjadikan pendidikan karakter dilakukan secara lebih sistematis. Maka perlu adanya penelitian untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan hal tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang metodenya menggunakan metode survei. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan angket langsung dan tertutup mengenai tanggung jawab melalui google form (digital) yang dibagikan kepada para responden yang dipilih menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling yang yang berjumlah total 30 responden. Uji Validitas dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi rumus Product Moment dari Pearson dengan hasil 25 butir instrumen yang valid. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui reliabilitasnya, data dianalisis menggunakan rumus koefisien alpha, kemudian hasilnya di bandingkan dengan tingkat keandalan koefisien korelasi. Berdasarkan analisis tersebut, instrumen penelitian ini dinyatakan reliabel untuk digunakan dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa skor rata-rata yang diperoleh oleh responden sebesar 85,3667. Secara keseluruhan, jawaban responden mengenai aspek tanggung jawab mendekati skor maksimal. Pendidikan jasmani mengajarkan aspek – aspek tanggung jawab yang paling tinggi adalah mengajarkan untuk berempati dengan presentase 27,1% dan yang paling rendah adalah mengajarkan untuk memiliki kesadaran atas tanggung jawabnya dengan presentase 23,7%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pendidikan pendidikan jasmani dapat memberi makna bagi siswa ditinjau dari aspek tanggung jawab.
A Transiting, Temperate Mini-Neptune Orbiting the M Dwarf TOI-1759 Unveiled by TESS
Authors: Espinoza Néstor , Pallé Enric , Kemmer Jonas , Luque Rafael , Caballero José A. , Cifuentes Carlos , Herrero Enrique , Sánchez Béjar Víctor J. , Stock Stephan , Molaverdikhani Karan , Morello Giuseppe , Kossakowski Diana , Schlecker Martin , Amado Pedro J. , Bluhm Paz , Cortés-Contreras Miriam , Henning Thomas , Kreidberg Laura , Kürster Martin , Lafarga Marina , Lodieu Nicolas , Morales Juan Carlos , Oshagh Mahmoudreza , Passegger Vera M. , Pavlov Alexey , Quirrenbach Andreas , Reffert Sabine , Reiners Ansgar , Ribas Ignasi , Rodríguez Eloy , López Cristina Rodríguez , Schweitzer Andreas , Trifonov Trifon , Chaturvedi Priyanka , Dreizler Stefan , Jeffers Sandra V. , Kaminski Adrian , López-González María José , Lillo-Box Jorge , Montes David , Nowak Grzegorz , Pedraz Santos , Vanaverbeke Siegfried , Zapatero Osorio Maria R. , Zechmeister Mathias , Collins Karen A. , Girardin Eric , Guerra Pere , Naves Ramon , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Matthews Elisabeth C. , Howell Steve B. , Ciardi David R. , Gonzales Erica , Matson Rachel A. , Beichman Charles A. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Barclay Thomas , Vezie Michael , Villaseñor Jesus Noel , Daylan Tansu , Mireies Ismael , Dragomir Diana , Twicken Joseph D. , Jenkins Jon , Winn Joshua N. , Latham David , Ricker George , Seager Sara 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit in Sectors 16, 17, and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity regarding the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019 ± 0.00014 days. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveals a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R
⊕ and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M
⊕. Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R
⋆ = 0.597 ± 0.015 R
⊙; M
⋆ = 0.606 ± 0.020 M
⊙; T
eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T
eq < 500 K, R

p
< 4 R
⊕) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 days and >200 days seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal’s source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼200 days baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long-period signal.
On Far-infrared and Submillimeter Circular Polarization
Authors: Draine B. T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Interstellar dust grains are often aligned. If the grain alignment direction varies along the line of sight, the thermal emission becomes circularly polarized. In the diffuse interstellar medium, the circular polarization at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths is predicted to be very small, and probably unmeasurable. However, circular polarization may reach detectable levels in photodissociation regions viewed through molecular clouds, in infrared dark clouds, and in protoplanetary disks. Measurement of circular polarization could help constrain the structure of the magnetic field in infrared dark clouds, and may shed light on the mechanisms responsible for grain alignment in protoplanetary disks.
Ultraviolet Observations of Comet 96/P Machholz at Perihelion
Authors: Raymond J. C. , Giordano S. , Mancuso S. , Povich Matthew S. , Bemporad A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ultraviolet spectra of Comet 96/P Machholz were obtained during its 2002 perihelion with the UltraViolet Coronagraph Spectrometer instrument on board the SOHO satellite. Emission from H i, C ii, C iii, and O i is detected near the nucleus. The outgassing rate is in line with the value extrapolated from rates at larger distances from the Sun, and abundances of C and O are estimated. Reconstructed images show a nearly spherical cloud of H i Lyα emission and an ion tail seen in C iii. Radiation pressure on the hydrogen atoms produces a modest distortion of the shape of the Lyα cloud as seen from SOHO and Doppler shifts up to 30 km s−1 in the outer parts of the cloud. We estimate a ratio of C to H2O similar to what is observed in other comets, so low carbon abundance does not account for the anomalously low C2 and C3 ratios to NH2 observed at optical wavelengths.
Photospheric Prompt Emission From Long Gamma Ray Burst Simulations. II. Spectropolarimetry
Authors: Parsotan Tyler , Lazzati Davide 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although gamma ray bursts (GRBs) have been detected for many decades, the lack of knowledge regarding the radiation mechanism that produces the energetic flash of radiation, or prompt emission, from these events has prevented the full use of GRBs as probes of high-energy astrophysical processes. While there are multiple models that attempt to describe the prompt emission, each model can be tuned to account for observed GRB characteristics in the gamma and X-ray energy bands. One energy range that has not been fully explored for the purpose of prompt emission model comparison is that of the optical band, especially with regard to polarization. Here, we use an improved Monte Carlo radiation transfer code to calculate the expected photospheric optical and gamma-ray polarization signatures (Πopt and Π
γ
, respectively) from a set of two relativistic hydrodynamic long GRB simulations, which emulate a constant and variable jet. We find that time-resolved Πopt can be large (∼75%) while time-integrated Πopt can be smaller due to integration over the asymmetries in the GRB jet where optical photons originate; Π
γ
follows a similar evolution as Πopt with smaller polarization degrees. We also show that Πopt and Π
γ
agree well with observations in each energy range. Additionally, we make predictions for the expected polarization of GRBs based on their location within the Yonetoku relationship. While improvements can be made to our analyses and predictions, they exhibit the insight that global radiative transfer simulations of GRB jets can provide with respect to current and future observations.
What’s in a Name? Quantifying the Interplay between the Definition, Orientation, and Shape of Ultra-diffuse Galaxies Using the Romulus Simulations
Authors: Van Nest Jordan D. , Munshi F. , Wright A. C. , Tremmel M. , Brooks A. M. , Nagai D. , Quinn T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We explore populations of ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in isolated, satellite, and cluster environments using the Romulus25 and Romulus C simulations, including how the populations vary with UDG definition and viewing orientation. Using a fiducial definition of UDGs, we find that isolated UDGs have notably larger semimajor (b/a) and smaller semiminor (c/a) axis ratios than their non-UDG counterparts, i.e., they are more oblate, or diskier. This is in line with previous results that adopted the same UDG definition and showed that isolated UDGs form via early, high-spin mergers. However, the choice of UDG definition can drastically affect what subsets of a dwarf population are classified as UDGs, changing the number of UDGs by up to ∼45% of the dwarf population. We also find that a galaxy’s classification as a UDG is dependent on its viewing orientation, and this dependence decreases as environmental density increases. Overall, we conclude that some definitions for UDGs used in the literature manage to isolate a specific formation mechanism for isolated dwarfs, while less restrictive definitions erase a link to the formation mechanism. Thus, how we define UDG populations must be considered if we want to understand the formation and evolution of UDGs.
The Hungarian State and Diasporic Intervention in the United States in the Early Twentieth Century
Authors: Poznan Kristina E. 
Published: February 2022

Austria-Hungary’s leaders were highly interventionist in their response to trans-Atlantic migration, eager to maintain loyalty among their diaspora in America. This article explores the very active role that the Austro-Hungarian government—especially the Hungarian Prime Minister’s Office—played in overseeing migrant loyalty in the United States from 1902 until World War I, examining both its successes and the protests it inspired. Intervention followed migrants overseas: the government integrated itself into the migration bureaucracy and attempted to integrate the home government into migrants’ American lives through the press, churches, and cultural events. Several of Austria-Hungary’s efforts to maintain the loyalty of its migrating citizens backfired, sparking protest.
The Discovery of Chicken Foxp3 Demands Redefinition of Avian Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Burkhardt Nina B , Elleder Daniel , Schusser Benjamin , Krchlíková Veronika , Göbel Thomas W , Härtle Sonja , Kaspers Bernd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Since the publication of the first chicken genome sequence, we have encountered genes playing key roles in mammalian immunology, but being seemingly absent in birds. One of those was, until recently, Foxp3, the master transcription factor of regulatory T cells in mammals. Therefore, avian regulatory T cell research is still poorly standardized. In this study we identify a chicken ortholog of Foxp3. We prove sequence homology with known mammalian and sauropsid sequences, but also reveal differences in major domains. Expression profiling shows an association of Foxp3 and CD25 expression levels in CD4+CD25+ peripheral T cells and identifies a CD4−CD25+Foxp3high subset of thymic lymphocytes that likely represents yet undescribed avian regulatory T precursor cells. We conclude that Foxp3 is existent in chickens and that it shares certain functional characteristics with its mammalian ortholog. Nevertheless, pathways for regulatory T cell development and Foxp3 function are likely to differ between mammals and birds. The identification and characterization of chicken Foxp3 will help to define avian regulatory T cells and to analyze their functional properties and thereby advance the field of avian immunology.
Regulation of MHC Class I Expression in Lung Epithelial Cells during Inflammation
Authors: Mathé Justine , Benhammadi Mohamed , Kobayashi Koichi S , Brochu Sylvie , Perreault Claude 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Lung infections are a perennial leading cause of death worldwide. The lung epithelium comprises three main cell types: alveolar type I (AT1), alveolar type II (AT2), and bronchiolar cells. Constitutively, these three cell types express extremely low amounts of surface MHC class I (MHC I) molecules, that is, &lt;1% of levels found on medullary thymic epithelial cells (ECs). We report that inhalation of the TLR4 ligand LPS upregulates cell surface MHC I by ∼25-fold on the three subtypes of mouse lung ECs. This upregulation is dependent on Nlrc5, Stat1, and Stat2 and caused by a concerted production of the three IFN families. It is nevertheless hampered, particularly in AT1 cells, by the limited expression of genes instrumental in the peptide loading of MHC I molecules. Genes involved in production and response to cytokines and chemokines were selectively induced in AT1 cells. However, discrete gene subsets were selectively downregulated in AT2 or bronchiolar cells following LPS inhalation. Genes downregulated in AT2 cells were linked to cell differentiation and cell proliferation, and those repressed in bronchiolar cells were primarily involved in cilium function. Our study shows a delicate balance between the expression of transcripts maintaining lung epithelium integrity and transcripts involved in Ag presentation in primary lung ECs.
Eliminate Costly Component Out Of Pocket Defect Condition during Microelectronic Component Packaging/Shipping/Handling
Authors: Rochford Rich , Blanchette Craig 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
High value devices used in microwave modules and other microelectronic assemblies have become increasingly thin and susceptible to “Component Out Of Pocket” (COOP) conditions that can occur during packaging, shipping, and customer handling. This defect condition is especially problematic for automated assembly which strives to be touch-free and efficient with orderly device presentation.
COOP is a major contributor to “Cost Of Poor Quality” (COPQ) within the business. A funded study into COOP conditions was conducted and a dozen root causes were identified.
It was discovered that traditional “waffle packs” have mechanical issues related to flatness tolerances with respect to the waffle tray and lid. The addition of a standard clip further contributes to the issue, both of which are key root causes of the costly “Component Out Of Pocket” (COOP) condition.
A novel Lid-Clip System (LCS2) was engineered to compensate for those mechanical issues, bringing robust captivation and preservation of devices in waffle tray pockets. Static dissipative material for lid and clip was selected to provide unparalleled ESD Class 000 protection for high value devices with the lowest voltage susceptibility thresholds.