bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Pore Tuning in an Ultrastable Fluorinated Anion Cross‐Linked Cage‐Like MOF for Simultaneous Benchmark Propyne Recovery and Propylene Purification
Authors: Jiang Yunjia , Hu Jianbo , Wang Lingyao , Sun Wanqi , Xu Nuo , Krishna Rajamani , Duttwyler Simon , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin , Zhang Yuanbin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPropyne/propylene (C3H4/C3H6) separation is an important but challenging industrial process to produce polymer‐grade C3H6and recover high‐purity C3H4. Herein, we report an ultrastable TiF62−anion cross‐linked metal–organic framework (ZNU‐2) with precisely controlled pore size, shape and functionality for benchmark C3H4storage (3.9/7.7 mmol g−1at 0.01/1.0 bar and 298 K) and record high C3H4/C3H6(10/90) separation potential (31.0 mol kg−1). The remarkable C3H4/C3H6(1/99, 10/90, 50/50) separation performance was fully demonstrated by simulated and experimental breakthroughs under various conditions with excellent recyclability and high productivity (42 mol kg−1) of polymer‐grade C3H6from a 1/99 C3H4/C3H6mixture. A modelling study revealed that the symmetrical spatial distribution of six TiF62−on the icosahedral cage surface provides two distinct binding sites for C3H4adsorption: one serves as a tailored single C3H4molecule trap and the other boosts C3H4accommodation by cooperative host–guest and guest–guest interactions.
Shape memory poly (glycerol sebacate)‐based electrospun fiber scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: A review
Authors: Zulkifli Zulaikha , Tan Jun Jie , Ku Marsilla Ku Ishak , Rusli Arjulizan , Abdullah Muhammad Khalil , Shuib Raa Khimi , Shafiq Mohamad Danial , Abdul Hamid Zuratul Ain 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectrospun fiber scaffolds has made a huge progress in tissue engineering applications owing to their continuous morphology with variable chemical, physical, and biological properties. In this review paper, we reviewed the electrospinning technique, its processing parameters and characterizations involved. A focus on shape memory poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS)‐based electrospun fiber scaffolds for tissue engineering field was explored. The stimuli responsive PGS scaffold has gained much attention due to its ability to self‐expanding, self‐deploying, or self‐fitting. Herein, the electrospinning of shape memory PGS‐based scaffolds, particularly their processing parameters, properties, and characterizations have been reviewed. Besides, other issues concerning the technology constraints, challenges, and future directions are also discussed.
The closest evolutionary relatives of pterosaurs: What the morphospace occupation of different skeletal regions tell us about lagerpetids
Authors: Müller Rodrigo T. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExquisite discoveries and new interpretations regarding an enigmatic group of cursorial avemetatarsalians led to a new phylogenetic hypothesis regarding pterosaur affinities. Previously thought to be dinosaur precursors, lagerpetids are now considered to be the closest relatives to pterosaurs. This new hypothesis sheds light on a new explorable field, especially regarding the character acquisition and evolution within the pterosaur lineage. In the present study, the morphospace occupation of distinct skeletal regions of lagerpetids within the morphological spectrum of avemetatarsalians is investigated. This approach indicates which portions of the skeleton are more similar to the anatomy of pterosaurs and which portions present different homoplastic signals. The analyses demonstrate that the craniomandibular traits of lagerpetids are pterosaur‐like, the pectoral girdle and forelimb are dinosauromorph‐like and the axial skeleton and the pelvic girdle and hindlimb are unique and highly specialized among the analyzed sample. So, despite the close phylogenetic relationships, the postcranial skeleton of lagerpetids and pterosaurs are very different. The occurrence of two distinct and highly specialized groups of pterosauromorphs coexisting with a wide ecological range of dinosauromorphs during the Triassic suggests pressure for new niches occupation.
Opioid use and associated factors among pancreatic cancer patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2015
Authors: Lu Zhanni , Zhang Ning , Giordano Sharon H. , Zhao Hui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundOpioid therapy provides essential pain relief for cancer patients. We used the population‐based Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) linked with Medicare database to identify the patterns of opioid use and associated factors in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer patients 66 years or older.Patients and MethodsWe assessed opioid types, dispensed days, opioid uptake rates, and factors associated with opioid use after pancreatic adenocarcinoma cancer diagnosis in Medicare beneficiaries between 2007 and 2015 from the SEER‐Medicare data. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust for a variety of patient‐related factors.ResultsWe identified a cohort of 10,745 pancreatic cancer patients with a median age of 76 years old and median survival of 7 months; 75% of patients‐initiated opioids after cancer diagnosis. African Americans had the lowest rate of opioid use of 69.1% compared with all other race/ethnicity groups at around 75%. No significant yearly trend of prescribing opioids was detected. Hydrocodone was the most frequently prescribed opioid type. Regression analysis revealed that age ≤80 years, residing in Southern or Western SEER registries, residing in urban/less urban versus big metro areas, having stage IV cancer at diagnosis, longer survival time, and undertaking cancer‐directed treatment or using palliative care were positively associated with opioid initiation, more prescribed opioid types, and higher opioid doses.DiscussionWhile a range of sociodemographic variables were associated with opioid use in unadjusted analysis, the associations between race/ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status with opioid initiation disappeared when sociodemographic factors, tumor characteristics, and cancer treatment were adjusted.ConclusionHealth care professionals' opioid prescription pattern for pancreatic cancer patients does not parallel the U.S. opioid epidemic. Racial/ethnic disparities in opioid treatment were not identified.
Remdesivir for COVID‐19 pneumonia in patients with severe chronic kidney disease: A Case series and review of the literature
Authors: Al Bishawi Ahmad , Abdel Hadi Hamad , Elmekaty Eman , Al Samawi Musaed , Nair Arun , Abou Kamar Mohammed , Al Maslamani Muna , Abdelmajid Alaaeldin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRemdesivir was the first antiviral agent to receive FDA authorization for severe COVID‐19 management, which restricts its use with severe renal impairment due to concerns that active metabolites might accumulate, causing renal toxicities. With limited treatment options, available evidence on such patient groups is important to assess for future safety.
Bell's palsy after Sputnik V COVID‐19 (Gam‐COVID‐Vac) vaccination
Authors: Mirmosayyeb Omid , Barzegar Mahdi , Rezaei Mina , Baharlouie Negar , Shaygannejad Vahid 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA possible association between Bell's palsy and COVID‐19 vaccination has been suggested previously. Here, we report two cases of facial nerve hemiparalysis following the Sputnik V COVID‐19 vaccination in a 27‐year‐old female patient and a 58‐year‐old male patient who were both clinically diagnosed with Bell's palsy.
3D Printed Microreactors for the Continuous Non‐Kolbe Electrolysis
Authors: Kurig Nils , Meyers Jérôme , Richter Elisabeth , Palkovits Stefan , Palkovits Regina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the renaissance of organic electrochemistry, 150‐year‐old Kolbe chemistry offers a sustainable pathway to liquid energy carriers and commodities. Herein, easy‐access design methods for electrochemical microreactors employing 3D printing and simple post processing techniques are presented. The continuous Non‐Kolbe electrolysis of monomethyl succinic acid is studied as a test reaction for the production of an industrially relevant, green monomer. In a semi‐batch setup, methyl acrylate is produced with a maximum yield of 34 %, similar to results from a thoroughly optimized batch reaction in a prior study. In single‐pass experiments, a comparable faradaic efficiency of 54 % is achieved.
Fault monitoring in passive optical network through the integration of machine learning and fiber sensors
Authors: Usman Auwalu , Zulkifli Nadiatulhuda , Salim Mohd Rashidi , Khairi Kharina 
Published: February 2022

SummaryAs the deployment of fiber‐based broadband networks continues to accelerate, the number of network facilities too is increasing exponentially. The network of optical fiber cables keeps growing as the number of passive optical network (PON) customers increases, eventually leading to unforeseen faults. Several solutions are offered for monitoring the optical link in PON with the optical time‐domain reflectometer (OTDR) as the most common for point‐to‐point optical link characterization. However, the OTDR approach has been found to be inadequate for point to multipoint network fault characterizations due to numerous back‐reflected signals converging at the power splitter that cannot be identified simultaneously by the OTDR detector. Several machine learning (ML) methods have recently been introduced for successful monitoring of optical communication links, but much of the ML technique depends on data from network transceivers to train ML algorithms to identify and detect faults. However, the use of data information for monitoring purposes can have an impact on the consistency of the services offered. In this article, we consider the deployment of the fiber Bragg grating sensor to acquire the monitoring data samples used to train the ML technique for effective link characterization. The proposed solution has the advantage of having a separate monitoring source that is independent of the data transmission signal and guarantees transparent transmission of information. The proposed ML‐based technique shows up to 99% precision for the identification of fiber defect in the PON optical distribution network.
Electrochemical conversion of CO2 in non‐conventional electrolytes: Recent achievements and future challenges
Authors: Sargeant Elizabeth , Rodríguez Paramaconi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 in traditional aqueous electrolytes suffers from low faradaic efficiency towards desired products which can be traced back to low CO2 solubility and strong competition from the hydrogen evolution reaction. The use of non‐conventional electrolytes aims to mitigate these issues. This review will give a focused overview summarizing some of the most recent contributions on the electrochemical conversion of CO2 in organic solvents, ionic liquids, solid electrolytes, and brines. We summarize the findings in terms of activity, selectivity, and durability for each of the systems. In addition, it provides an outlook about the role of water, cations, and anions in the reaction. We also highlight the challenges of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 in each of the electrolytes. All the studies referred to in this review contribute meaningfully to reaching the technical targets for CO2 electrolyzers in non‐conventional electrolytes.
Constraining organic matter composition and dynamics as a dominant driver of hypoxic blackwater risk during river Murray floodplain inundation
Authors: Gibbs Matthew S. , Wallace Todd , Mosley Luke M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ecology of floodplain ecosystems evolved according to the historical frequency and extent of inundation. In many dryland rivers, inundation frequency has reduced due to regulation, competition for water resources and climate change. In some rivers infrastructure has been constructed to enable temporary rises in water level and more frequent floodplain inundation, delivering environmental water to ecosystems that are dependent on surface water. During such events, the release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from inundated plant material may result in depletion of dissolved oxygen (DO). If the rate of DO depletion exceeds re‐aeration, hypoxic conditions can occur. Models have been developed to represent these processes, however, there is a wide range of chemical and biological interactions, and hence model parameters, involved. The aim of this research was: (1) identify the dominant parameters through sensitivity analysis, (2) design and implement a field monitoring program to quantify the inherent variability in those parameters, and (3) translate that input variability into the modelled DO, ultimately to support risk management decisions when planning delivery of environmental water. The results indicated that the mass of organic matter on a floodplain had the greatest impact on the modelled DO concentrations. Based on the field monitoring results, the steady state load of organic matter, that is, when the accumulation and decay rates are equal, was estimated, and vegetation mapping used to apply the field monitoring results across the floodplain for a 206 km reach of river of the River Murray, Australia. The model results from multiple, cumulative, operations identified one particular high‐risk operational site. The results are useful to prioritize monitoring effort to focus on the most sensitive model parameters and indicate that the likelihood of hypoxic conditions can be reduced through slower rates of inundation and timing events to coincide with periods with lower water temperature. The methodology developed can be transferred to other sites where hypoxic conditions are a potential outcome associated with delivery of environmental water.
Dose and exposure route analyses inform relationships between liver steatosis and 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol: Implications for hazard characterization
Authors: Garnick Lindsey , Bates Christopher , Massarsky Andrey , Spencer Pamela , Sura Priyanka , Monnot Andrew D. , Maier Andrew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract2‐Amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP™) is widely used as a neutralizer/pH stabilizer in personal care products (PCPs); however, the potential health implications of dermal AMP exposure remain to be fully elucidated. Consequently, an in‐depth analysis was performed to determine if PCPs containing AMP pose an elevated risk in humans under the intended use conditions. Animal studies have shown that at high doses, oral AMP exposure could lead to liver steatosis; thus, this study focused on hepatotoxicity. Our assessment revealed that the derived margin of exposure (MoE) values for AMP‐containing PCPs were above 100, indicating that dermal exposure to AMP is unlikely to present an elevated risk of hepatotoxicity. Further, mode of action (MOA) analysis was conducted to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the observed hepatotoxicity in animal studies. Our analysis proposed that AMP interferes with the CDP‐choline pathway in hepatocytes via the inhibition of one or more enzymes integral to the pathway and/or the replacement of choline in the assembly of the phospholipid unit. Ultimately, these events halt the lipid export via very low‐density lipoproteins, which can subsequently develop into fatty liver accompanied by hepatotoxicity and other pathological changes if AMP exposure persists at sufficiently high doses. MOA analysis corroborated that dermal exposure to AMP expected from use of PCPs is highly unlikely to result in toxicologically significant systemic concentrations of AMP and thus hepatotoxicity. We concluded that dermal exposure to AMP in PCPs is not anticipated to result in an increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
Complex machine learning model needs complex testing: Examining predictability of molecular binding affinity by a graph neural network
Authors: Nikolaienko Tymofii , Gurbych Oleksandr , Druchok Maksym 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDrug discovery pipelines typically involve high‐throughput screening of large amounts of compounds in a search of potential drugs candidates. As a chemical space of small organic molecules is huge, a “navigation” over it urges for fast and lightweight computational methods, thus promoting machine‐learning approaches for processing huge pools of candidates. In this contribution, we present a graph‐based deep neural network for prediction of protein‐drug binding affinity and assess its predictive power under thorough testing conditions. Within the suggested approach, both protein and drug molecules are represented as graphs and passed to separate graph sub‐networks, then concatenated and regressed towards a binding affinity. The neural network is trained on two binding affinity datasets—PDBbind and data imported from RCSB Protein Data Bank. In order to explore the generalization capabilities of the model we go beyond traditional random or leave‐cluster‐out techniques and demonstrate the need for more elaborate model performance assessment – six different strategies for test/train data partitioning (random, time‐ and property‐arranged, protein‐ and ligand‐clustered) with a k‐fold cross‐validation are engaged. Finally, we discuss the model performance in terms of a set of metrics for different split strategies and fold arrangement. Our code is available at https://github.com/SoftServeInc/affinity-by-GNN.
Does “who I am” influence “how I feel”? Cultural identity and mental health among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents
Authors: Wu Qiaobing , Ou Ying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSecuring a clear sense of identity is a critical issue in adolescence, yet the role that cultural identity plays in the well‐being of youths remains unclear. This study aims to examine the relationship between cultural identity and mental health among three groups of adolescents in Hong Kong with different residential backgrounds. Data came from a cross‐sectional survey with 2180 4th–9th grade students in Hong Kong. Cultural identity was assessed by whether the youths identify themselves as local Hong Kong people, mainland Chinese, both Hong Kong and mainland Chinese, or confused about which group to belong to. Mental health was assessed by self‐esteem, mental well‐being, happiness, social anxiety, and depression. Multiple linear regression was performed to examine the relationship between cultural identity and mental health, adjusting for sociodemographic variables. The regression results suggested adolescents with confused cultural identity scored lower in all positive indicators of mental health compared with those with a clear cultural identification. No significant association was found between cultural identity and social anxiety/depression. Uncertainty in cultural identification may be detrimental for the mental health of adolescents living in a multicultural society. Interventions may consider cultivating clear cultural identities among adolescents to promote their mental health.
Sex‐specific vulnerability to depressive symptoms across adolescence and during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The role of the cingulum bundle
Authors: Chahal Rajpreet , Ho Tiffany C. , Miller Jonas G. , Borchers Lauren R. , Gotlib Ian H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundFemales are at higher risk for developing depression during adolescence than are males, particularly during exposure to stressors like the COVID‐19 pandemic. Examining structural connections between brain regions involved in executive functioning may advance our understanding of sex biases in stress and depression. Here, we examined the role of the cingulum bundle in differentiating trajectories of depressive symptoms in males and females across adolescence and during the pandemic.MethodsIn a longitudinal study of 214 youth (121 females; ages 9–13 years at baseline), we examined whether fixel‐based properties of the cingulum bundle at baseline predict changes in females' and males' severity of depressive symptoms across four timepoints (4–7 years) in adolescence, including during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We also tested whether cingulum properties predict self‐reported resilience and stress during the pandemic.ResultsFemales had lower fiber density and cross‐section (FDC) of the cingulum than did males, a neural pattern that predicted greater increases in depressive symptoms, lower resilience, and higher stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Cingulum morphometry predicted changes in depressive trajectories in females, but not in males; specifically, females with lower FDC had significant increases in symptoms throughout adolescence, whereas females with higher cingulum FDC did not. Conversely, males had low, stable depressive symptoms throughout adolescence and higher resilience and lower stress during the pandemic compared to females. Higher cingulum FDC predicted higher resilience and lower stress in both sexes.ConclusionsIn adults, the cingulum has been implicated in sex differences in stress reactivity. We show that in adolescents, the cingulum reflects sex differences in reports of stress and resilience that might contribute to the increased risk of stress‐related mood disorders in females. Adolescent females might benefit from cognitive interventions that strengthen the structural properties of the cingulum and increase their perceived resilience during periods of adversity and disruption.
Dynamic changes of serum metabolites associated with infection and severity of patients with acute hepatitis E infection
Authors: Wu Jian , Xu Yanping , Cui Yubao , Bortolanza Mariza , Wang Minjie , Jiang Bin , Yan Meina , Liang Wei , Yao Yiwen , Pan Qiaoling , Yang Jinfeng , Yu Jiong , Wang Dawei , Cao Hongcui , Li Lanjuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDynamic changes in metabolites may affect liver disease progression, and provide new methods for predicting liver damage. We used ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy to assess serum metabolites in healthy controls (HC), and patients with acute hepatitis E (AHE) or hepatitis E virus acute liver failure (HEV‐ALF). The principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and discriminant analysis of orthogonal projections to latent structures models illustrated significant differences in the metabolite components between AHE patients and HCs, or between HEV‐ALF and AHE patients. In pathway enrichment analysis, we further identified two altered pathways, including linoleic acid metabolism and phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, when comparing AHE patients with HCs. Linoleic acid metabolism and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathways were significantly different in HEV‐ALF when compared with AHE patients. The discriminative performances of differential metabolites showed that taurocholic acid, glycocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholate‐3‐sulfate, and docosahexaenoic acid could be used to distinguish HEV‐ALF from AHE patients. The serum levels of glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate, and docosahexaenoic acid were associated with the prognosis of HEV‐ALF patients. Dynamic changes in serum metabolites were associated with AHE infection and severity. The identified metabolites can be used to diagnose and predict the prognosis of HEV‐ALF.