bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable agricultural practices contribute significantly to One Health
Authors: Yan Zhenzhen , Xiong Chao , Liu Hongwei , Singh Brajesh K. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe One Health concept proposes that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected. Agricultural production is a critical component of One Health as food links the environment to human health. Food not only provides nutrients to humans but also represents an important pathway for human exposure to environmental microbes as well as potentially harmful agrochemicals. In addition, inappropriate agronomic practices can cause damage to the environment which can have unintended adverse impacts on human health. Therefore, improving agricultural production systems and protecting environmental health should not be viewed as isolated goals as they are strongly interlinked. Here, we used the nexus of soil, plant, and human microbiomes to discuss sustainable agricultural production from the One Health perspective. We highlighted three interconnected challenges faced by current agronomic practices: the transmissions of pathogens in soil‐human microbial loops, the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in agroecosystems, and the impacts of chemical pesticides on humans and environmental health. Finally, we propose the potential of utilising microbiomes for better sustainable agronomic practices to contribute to key goals of the One Health concept.
3D‐gedruckte Stützen mit außergewöhnlicher Geometrie
Authors: Lange Jörg , Waldschmitt Benedikt , Borg Costanzi Christopher 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) ist ein Schweißverfahren, mit dem dreidimensionale Strukturen aus Stahl hergestellt werden können. Wie andere additive Fertigungstechnologien ermöglicht es die Herstellung geometrisch komplexer Strukturen, die mit herkömmlichen Methoden nicht oder nur sehr aufwendig realisierbar sind. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Arbeitsablauf vom Entwurf bis zur Fertigung für den Einsatz von WAAM im Rahmen der Herstellung von Stützen mit außergewöhnlicher Geometrie vorgestellt. Hierbei wird die Erforschung von Materialverhalten und Prozessparametern mit dem Ziel kombiniert, ein digitales Werkzeug für den Entwurf und die Fertigung von Bauteilen mittels WAAM bereitzustellen. Um die gewünschten Geometrien zu erreichen, werden die erforderlichen Schweißparameter erfasst und in einem rudimentären Digitalen Zwilling gespeichert. Ergänzt wird dies durch mehrere Prozesskontrollen, die während des Druckprozesses durchgeführt werden, um sicherzustellen, dass das Objekt wie geplant erzeugt wird. Schließlich werden die Strukturen hergestellt und einer kritischen Bewertung unterzogen, um das Potenzial für zukünftige Anwendungen zu ermitteln. Die Herausforderung, geometrische Komplexität mit der Fertigung in großem Maßstab zu verbinden, stellt einen nächsten Schritt in der Integration von WAAM in den Stahlbau dar.
Experimental evaluation on mechanical and thermal insulation properties of shotcrete under constant‐variable temperature
Authors: Chen Lianjun , Zhao Jipeng , Meng Xiangrui , Liu Zhaoxia , Liu Guoming 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOne of the commonly used stabilization systems for rock tunnel is shotcrete. However, the hydration of shotcrete is usually accompanied by the development of internal defects and micro damage under high temperature. Additionally, in the actual high‐temperature engineering, the temperature of the rock tunnel exhibits irregular changes. Therefore, in this study, the curing conditions of constant temperature (23°C, 40°C, 60°C, 80°C) and variable temperature (23–40–60–80°C, 80–60–40–23°C) are set, respectively. The mechanical properties and structural properties of polyurethane shotcrete and ordinary Portland shotcrete are introduced. It is determined that the limit temperature for inhibiting the development of sprayed concrete's compressive and splitting strength is between 60°C and 80°C, and the limit temperature for inhibiting the development of bond strength is about 40°C. Meanwhile, the influence of high temperature on the thermal insulation performance of shotcrete is considered. The results that the self‐foaming performance of polymer(polyurethane) reduces the thermal conductivity of shotcrete. Based on this phenomenon, the heat transfer model of shotcrete at room and high temperature is established to clarify the heat transfer process of shotcrete. Results will provide theoretical basis for further research of durability and heat insulation performance of protective spraying material for tunnel under high temperature.
PM2.5 exposure‐induced ferroptosis in neuronal cells via inhibiting ERK/CREB pathway
Authors: Xiong Qi , Tian Xiang , Xu Congyue , Ma Baomiao , Liu Wei , Sun Binlian , Ru Qin , Shu Xiji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPM2.5 exposure has been demonstrated to correlate with neurological disorders recently. Ferroptosis is recognized as a newly found programmed form of cell death associated with neurodegenerative diseases, while glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) is a key regulator of ferroptosis. However, the relationship between PM2.5‐induced neurotoxicity and ferroptosis is still unclear. The current study aims to investigate if ferroptosis is involved in neurotoxicity post PM2.5 exposure and its underlying mechanism. The PM2.5‐treated neuronal Neuro‐2a (N2A) and SH‐SY5Y cells were applied to the current study. The results showed that PM2.5 significantly increased the neuronal cell death, yet the ferroptosis antagonist Ferrostain‐1 (Fer‐1) markedly decreased the cell death induced by PM2.5. Western blot further confirmed that ferroptosis was triggered post PM2.5 treatment in N2A cells by decreasing expressions of GPX4 and ferritin heavy chain (FTH), as well as enhancing expressions of ferritin light chain (FTL) and transferrin receptor protein (TFRC). Meanwhile, PM2.5 treatment augmented neuronal oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. The bioinformatic analysis indicated that CREB could be the regulator of GPX4, and our results showed that ERK/CREB pathway was down‐regulated in N2A cells post PM2.5 treatment. The addition of ERK1/2 agonist post PM2.5 treatment significantly inhibit ferroptosis via increasing the expression of GPX4. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that PM2.5‐induced ferroptosis via inhibiting ERK/CREB pathway, and these findings will advance our knowledge of PM2.5‐induced cytotoxicity in the nervous system.
Connecting workplace attachment and pro‐environmental behaviors in zoo and aquarium professionals
Authors: Murphy Brittany , Maynard Lily 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmerging conservation psychology literature shows that there is a strong link between positive attachment to a workplace and the performance of pro‐environmental behaviors by employees at work. The present study explores the validity of a pilot survey based in previous literature that explores these constructs to determine whether a relationship between the two exists among zoo and aquarium professionals. The survey was distributed to employees of the Wildlife Conservation Society's city zoos—Prospect Park, Central Park, and Queens Zoos—during the first year of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. Two of the survey scales used had a high internal consistency and data from these responses informed this case study to show that there is a weak, positive correlation between workplace attachment (WPA) and self‐reported frequency of performance of pro‐environmental behaviors (PEBs) among the respondents. Isolating the responses by department revealed that staff working in Operations departments (1) exhibit lower frequencies of PEB than those in Education and Animal departments and (2) have a very strong, positive correlation between WPA and PEB. The results suggest that zoo and aquarium employees who are positively attached to their workplace are more likely to perform PEBs, especially those working in Operations departments. These findings help support that workplace practices seeking to increase WPA could increase the performance of PEBs at work by all employees.
Mathematical Modeling in Circadian Rhythmicity
Authors: Olmo Marta del , Grabe Saskia , Herzel Hanspeter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCircadian clocks are autonomous systems able to oscillate in a self-sustained manner in the absence of external cues, although such Zeitgebers are typically present. At the cellular level, the molecular clockwork consists of a complex network of interlocked feedback loops. This chapter discusses self-sustained circadian oscillators in the context of nonlinear dynamics theory. We suggest basic steps that can help in constructing a mathematical model and introduce how self-sustained generations can be modeled using ordinary differential equations. Moreover, we discuss how coupled oscillators synchronize among themselves or entrain to periodic signals. The development of mathematical models over the last years has helped to understand such complex network systems and to highlight the basic building blocks in which oscillating systems are built upon. We argue that, through theoretical predictions, the use of simple models can guide experimental research and is thus suitable to model biological systems qualitatively.
Citizen Journalism and Health Communication in Pandemics’ Prevention and Control
Authors: Ugbo Gregory Obinna , Chinedu-Okeke Chinonye Faith , Ogbodo Jude Nwakpoke 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCitizen journalism has introduced new ways of communicating and engaging the public. It has further created a shift in technology that enabled individuals to create and access more news faster than before. Thus, communicating health crisis no longer depends on the use of conventional media. The disruption in the communication landscape means that more people are now more conversant with the use of social media to create or access news. Citizen journalism has unlocked the information gateway and made pandemic reporting more viral and instantaneous, although with some shortcomings. Thus, news about the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic is readily available on the Internet and social media. This chapter, therefore, examines the impact of citizen journalism and health communication in pandemics’ prevention and control. Underpinned by the Health Belief Model and Theory of Reasoned Action, the chapter offers an insight into how citizen journalism could be effectively employed to communicate the prevention and control of pandemics. Relevant literature was systematically reviewed, and it shows that access to pandemic messages no longer follows the conventional process of news making and consumption as many people now actively albeit, unprofessionally, participate in these processes. Howbeit, the dangers of such unprofessional practice are admitted.
Framing the AIDS Discourse: A Critic of Journalistic Source Norms in Uganda’s HIV and AIDS Print News
Authors: Napakol Angella 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough reportage, media have played a key role in HIV/AIDS prevention and awareness in Uganda. Uganda’s success in reducing the percentage of HIV infection together with key supportive factors such as political will have been discussed internationally. Media have been credited with relaying information about HIV/AIDS to different groups of people in the public and acting as change agents. This study looks at media as key players in the HIV and AIDS prevention journey in Uganda and therefore seeks to investigate how two major newspaper outlets; New Vision and Daily Monitor framed the issue of HIV/AIDS—looking particularly at the who, between authority and none authority sources contributed most to the HIV/AIDS narrative as news stories’ sources. A quantitative content analysis was carried out of New Vision and Daily Monitor newspapers’ articles spanning 20 years of coverage. Results indicate that despite the important role played, media depended more on authority sources of information compared to none authority sources. This paper argues that lay people such as PLWHA or their caregivers have lived experiences which if shared, could affect the adoption of recommended HIV/AIDS preventive measures.
Introduction: Exploring Landscapes of Lifelong Learning Policies across Europe
Authors: Benasso Sebastiano , Bouillet Dejana , Neves Tiago , do Amaral Marcelo Parreira 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter introduces the approach to the analysis of lifelong learning policies adopted in the book. Departing from the debate about the meanings and aims of the lifelong learning policies over time, the topic is presented as a multidimensional object to be explored through a multi-method and multi-level analysis. This idea is supported by the introduction of a spatial metaphor, the imagery of landscapes of lifelong learning policies. The reconstruction of the theoretical framework and the methodology for comparative case study analysis provided in the following chapters are here justified according to their capacity to fit the purposes of the exploration of such landscapes. In addition, the chapter illustrates the empirical foundation of the materials analysed in the second part of the book and introduces the main topics of the different chapters.
Youth Aspirations Towards the Future: Agency, Strategy and Life Choices in Different Structural Contexts
Authors: Pandolfini Valeria , Petkova Borislava , Verlage Thomas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThrough a comparative analysis of three case studies built on the intersection of three young adults’ trajectories and three LLL policies in Germany, Italy and Bulgaria, this chapter aims to explore the interplay between opportunity structures and subjective choices. We focus on the educational and professional dimensions, putting them in relation within the LLL policy young adults accessed with their aspirations, self-representations, the living conditions they face in the local context and the welfare (Esping-Andersen, The three worlds of welfare capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990) and transition (Walther, YOUNG, 14(2), 119–139, 2006) regimes characterizing their countries. Relying on the Capability Approach (Sen, Development as freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999; Nussbaum, Women and human development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), we explore how young people’s capacity to cope with challenges and their ability to actively navigate obstacles are influenced by the wider discursive and institutional opportunity structures in which they unfold their life paths. The analysis reveals how youths make their choices according to their “capacity to aspire” (Appadurai 2004) and the social, cultural and economic factors at play in exercising their navigational capacities; being able (or unable) to define life plans potentially constitutes a “new” factor of inequality. The possibilities of better capturing the complex relationship between structural limits, possibilities and subjective aspirations in shaping individuals’ choices and actions within specific opportunity structures are discussed.
The Assault on Reason: The Major Arguments in Defense of Not Getting Vaccinated for Covid 19
Authors: Mitroff Ian I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the spate of arguments that have constantly been bandied about for NOT getting vaccinated for Covid 19. They range from the utter denial of one’s vulnerabilities to the Virus by virtue of one’s special characteristics and circumstances to outright paranoia due to the Government surreptitiously placing microchips in the vaccines so that it can track our every whereabouts and constantly influence our thoughts. They also embody perverse notions of Freedom, namely that “I and I alone have the sole right to make all important decisions when it comes to my body and that of my children. “While this is indeed the case when it comes to a woman’s fundamental right to choose whether to have an abortion or not, it fails miserably when it comes to curbing highly communicable diseases. In short, the principle of rightfully being in control of one’s body in one special set of circumstances has been taken out of its proper context and thereby hijacked for reprehensible purposes.
Infrastructure Wars: The Politization of Everything
Authors: Mitroff Ian I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile not as deeply rooted in the Psyche as the forces that were analyzed in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-99808-0_2, others have just as important a bearing on the arguments/claims that have been advanced in support of not getting vaccinated for Covid 19. They’re most readily seen in terms of their impact on other important issues. Thus, this chapter uses the Myers-Briggs Personality Typology (MBPTI) to analyze the arguments in favor of more traditional notions of Infrastructure, such as Highways and Bridges, versus nontraditional notions such as Greater Access to Broadband, Free Community College, Expanded Child-Care, PreK, etc. It’s the difference between Infrastructure conceived primarily in Physical versus broader Human/Social terms.
Warum Neuroökonomie? Die Ausgangssituation in den Mutterwissenschaften
Authors: Dreher Lena 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungUm zu verstehen, welche Ziele die Neuroökonomie verfolgt und warum, ist es hilfreich, zu Beginn einen Blick auf die Ausgangssituationen der beteiligten Wissenschaften zu werfen. In diesem Kapitel werden wir genau das tun und dabei der Frage nachgehen, warum sich Verhaltensökonomen und kognitive Neurowissenschaftler für die Neuroökonomie interessieren und welche Möglichkeiten sie sich von ihr versprechen.
Gender Perspective in STEM Disciplines in Spain Universities
Authors: Calvo-Iglesias Encina , Epifanio Irene , Estrade Sonia , Mas de les Valls Elisabet 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we present different initiatives carried out by Spanish universities for the incorporation of the gender perspective in STEM disciplines. One of these initiatives is the collection of guides of the Vives University Network for university teaching. These guides cover the sections of objectives, contents, evaluation, learning environment, organizational modalities, teaching methods, and didactic resources with the aim of making women scientists visible in the discipline and eliminating the androcentric vision that predominates in science and engineering. In particular, we analyze the fields of engineering, mathematics, and physics. With the aim of being more than just a review of different initiatives, the paper unifies the fundamentals on which these initiatives are based. Thus, the general principles are well defined, and those aspects more related to each university and discipline particular cultures are identified. The comparison between initiatives will allow us to identify both successful strategies and resistances. Sometimes, the confluence of different events allows an action to become relevant or not. As a result, the paper can be used to effectively define the implementation strategy of the incorporation of gender perspective in STEM teaching at university level.
A mobile learning framework for higher education in resource constrained environments
Authors: Okai-Ugbaje Safiya , Ardzejewska Kathie , Imran Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIt is well documented that learning oppourtunities afforded by mobile technology (m-learning) holds great potential to enhance technology-enhanced learning in countries and communities with low socio-economic conditions where web-based e-learning has failed because of limited infrastructure and resources. Despite the potential for m-learning, its actual uptake has been low. The extant literature in this sphere provides some theoretical insight, with evidence of limited on-the-ground practical studies that often do not progress beyond the pilot phase. Failure to embed sustainable learning opportunities has been attributed to the absence of a contextual framework suitable for the heterogeneous nature of many developing countries. This paper thus presents an m-learning framework that considers the sociocultural and socio-economic contexts of low-income economies. The framework is based on a range of studies conducted over four years, including the outcome of two empirical studies conducted in a Nigerian university. Documenting the research underpinning the design provides practitioners and policymakers with a framework for a potentially sustainable strategy for long-term mainstream m-learning integration in higher education in low-income countries.
Is partial desynapsis in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) pollen mother cells linked to aneuploidy in the crop?
Authors: Ji Xianwen , Lelivelt Cilia , Wijnker Erik , de Jong Hans 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTrisomic cauliflower plants (Brassica oleraceaL. var.botrytis) display abnormal curd phenotypes that seriously decrease commercial value of the crop. Despite extensive breeding efforts, selection of genotypes producing euploid gametes remains unsuccessful due to unknown genetic and environmental factors. To reveal an eventual role of an-euploid gametes, we analyzed chromosome pairing, chiasma formation and chromosome segregation in pollen mother cells of selected cauliflower genotypes. To this end we compared three genotypes exhibiting Low with < 5%, Moderate with 5–10% and High with > 10% aberrant offspring, respectively. Although chromosome pairing at pachytene was regular, cells at diakinesis and metaphase I showed variable numbers of univalents, suggesting partial desynapsis. Cells at anaphase I–telophase II exhibit various degrees of unbalanced chromosome numbers, that may explain the aneuploid offspring. Immunofluorescence probed with an MLH1 antibody demonstrated fluorescent foci in all genotypes, but their lower numbers do not correspond to the number of putative chiasmata. Interchromosomal connections between chromosomes and bivalents are common at diakinesis and metaphase I, and they contain centromeric and 45S rDNA tandem repeats, but such chromatin connections seem not to affect proper disjoin of the half bivalents at anaphase I. Moreover, male meiosis in theArabidopsis APETALA1/CAULIFLOWERdouble mutant with the typical cauliflower phenotype does show interchromosomal connections, but there are no indications for partial desynapsis. The causality of the curd development on the desynapsis in cauliflower is still a matter of debate.