bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MorphoTools2: an R package for multivariate morphometric analysis
Authors: Šlenker Marek , Koutecký Petr , Marhold Karol 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Summary
The package MorphoTools2 is intended for multivariate analyses of morphological data. Commonly used tools are missing or scattered across several R packages. The new package, in order to make the workflow convenient and fast, wraps available statistical and graphical tools and provides a comprehensive framework for checking and manipulating input data, core statistical analyses and a wide palette of functions designed to visualize results.

Availability and implementation
Stable version is available from CRAN: https://cran.r-project.org/package=MorphoTools2. The development version is available from the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/MarekSlenker/MorphoTools2. The software is distributed under the GNU General Public Licence (v.3).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Social Media Analysis of Customer Emotions in Pizza Industry
Authors: Nasir Muhammad Umar , Rehmat Urva , Ahmad Imran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In current century, big number of people adopting social media very fastly because social media is very reliable, fast and easy to use. So, many big industries adopting social media also, like Facebook to analyze their customers’ reviews, analyze customers’ emotions and to understand their behavior, which is very helpful in providing facilities to customers. Nowadays bulk of data available is on social media. To increase competitive benefits and assess competitive environment of industries, companies need to analyze social media data as well as customer generated data. To guide large industries in understanding how they may use social media to understand customer emotion and use social media marketing approaches into their marketing strategies to get customer engagement. This paper describes in-depth analysis of pizza industry of United Kingdom to understand their customers’ emotions and get data for analysis from Facebook. We are using January 2018–December 2018 data of five largest pizza chains in United Kingdom: Papa John, Prezzo, Pizza Express, Pizza Hut and Dominos. The results disclose the power of sentimental analysis and social media competitive analysis will put positive impact on business value. At the end of this paper we will provide some recommendations to enhance marketing strategies.
Case report: DSP truncation variant p. R1951X leads to arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Vincent , Knight Bradley P , McNally Elizabeth M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Standardized diagnostic criteria for arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC) have been recently proposed. The criteria emphasize structural left ventricle (LV) myocardial change on contrast-enhanced imaging and require the identification of gene variants associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.

Case summary
A 21-year-old man presented for evaluation of exertional syncope and was found to have monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and an episode of polymorphic VT that degenerated to ventricular fibrillatory cardiac arrest. Documented premature ventricular contractions were of left bundle branch block, inferior axis morphology. Ventricular arrhythmias were successfully suppressed with β-blockade, amiodarone, and lidocaine, and a subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated normal-appearing right ventricle, reduced LV ejection fraction, and sub-epicardial scarring of basal-anterior and anterolateral LV segments. Endomyocardial biopsy showed lymphocytic myocarditis, and genetic testing revealed a pathogenic truncating mutation in the DSP gene, which encodes desmoplakin; this variant was also identified in the patient’s mother who carried a diagnosis of non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. These findings are consistent with a diagnosis of ALVC.

Discussion
The clinical presentation of ALVC can be very dramatic. The differential for sub-epicardial LV myocardial fibrosis includes myocarditis, sarcoidosis, and in those with a suspicious family history or characteristic electrocardiogram findings, genetic cardiomyopathy. Prompt referral to a genetic counsellor can be lifesaving to patients and their family members.
Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries associated with interrupted aortic arch type A: a case report of an unusual association
Authors: Montaña-Jimenez Lina Paola , Gutiérrez Jaiber , Mejia Mauricio , Mosquera Walter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article, we report the third case, to our knowledge, of a congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries associated with an interrupted aortic arch. This is a more complex and rare presentation than dextro-transposition of great arteries with interrupted aortic arch. The child ultimately succumbed to sepsis before the surgical repair was possible. We focus on an image modality report and propose what could be a brief embryologic explanation for this rare case
‘Keeping the plates spinning’: a qualitative study of the complexity, barriers, and facilitators to caregiving in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Pearson Clare R , Forsyth Faye , Khair Eva , Sowden Emma , Borja Boluda Susana , Deaton Christi ,   Optimise HFpEF Investigators, Chakravorty Mollika , Maclachlan Sophie , Kane Edward , Odone Jessica , Thorley Natasha , Borja-Boluda Susana , Wellwood Ian , Sowden Emma , Blakeman Thomas , Chew-Graham Carolyn , Hossain Muhammed , Sharpley John , Gordon Brain , Taffe Joanna , Long Aaron , Aziz Affan , Swayze Hannah , Rutter Heather , Schramm Chris , MacDonald Sine , Papworth Helena , Smith Julie , Needs Craig , Cronk David , Newark Chris , Blake Duncan , Brown Alistair , Basuita Amman , Gayton Emma , Glover Victoria , Fox Robin , Crawshaw Jonathan , Ashdown Helen , A’Court Christine , Ayerst Rachael , Hernandez-Diaz Basilio , Knox Kyle , Wooding Nick , Wanninayake Shamila , Keast Christopher , Jones Adam , Brown Katherine , Matthew Gaw , Thomas Nick , Dixon Sharon , Angeleri-Rand Elisabetta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for 50% of all heart failure cases; yet remains poorly understood, diagnosed, and managed, which adds complexity to the carer role. No study to date has investigated the experiences of informal carers of people with HFpEF. The aim of this study was to explore the role and experiences of informal carers of people with HFpEF.Methods and resultsA qualitative study using semi-structured interviews involving carers alone, patients alone, or carer/patient dyads. The interviews were part of a larger programme of research in HFpEF. Participants were recruited from three regions of England. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Twenty-two interviews were conducted with 38 participants, 17 were informal carers. Three inter-related themes were identified: Theme 1, the complex nature of informal caregiving (‘spinning plates’); Theme 2, the barriers to caregiving (‘the spinning falters’); and Theme 3, the facilitators of caregiving (‘keeping the plates spinning’).ConclusionsInformal carers play an important role in supporting people with HFpEF. The experience of caregiving in HFpEF is similar to that described for Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction, but complicated by challenges of limited information and support specific to HFpEF, and high burden of multi-morbidity. Healthcare providers should assess the needs of informal carers as part of patient care in HFpEF. Carers and patients would benefit from improved information and co-ordinated management of HFpEF and multi-morbidities. Helping carers ‘keep the plates spinning’ will require innovative approaches and co-ordination across the care continuum.
Patient-reported outcome is associated with health care costs in patients with ischaemic heart disease and arrhythmia
Authors: Mols Rikke E , Borregaard Britt , Løgstrup Brian B , Rasmussen Trine B , Thrysoee Lars , Thorup Charlotte B , Christensen Anne V , Ekholm Ola , Rasmussen Anne A , Eiskjær Hans , Risør Bettina W , Berg Selina K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
Systematic use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have the potential to improve quality of care and reduce costs of health care services. We aimed to describe whether PROs in patients diagnosed with heart disease are directly associated with health care costs.

Methods and results
A national cross-sectional survey including PROs at discharge from a heart centre with 1-year follow-up using data from national registers. We included patients with either ischaemic heart disease (IHD), arrhythmia, heart failure (HF), or valvular heart disease (VHD). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the heart-specific quality of life, the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire, and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale were used. The economic analysis was based on direct costs including primary, secondary health care, and medical treatment. Patient-reported outcomes were available from 13 463 eligible patients out of 25.241 [IHD (n = 7179), arrhythmia (n = 4322), HF (n = 987), or VHD (n = 975)]. Mean annual total direct costs in all patients were €23 228 (patients with IHD: €19 479, patients with arrhythmia: €21 076, patients with HF: €34 747, patients with VDH: €48 677). Hospitalizations contributed overall to the highest part of direct costs. For patients discharged with IHD or arrhythmia, symptoms of anxiety or depression, worst heart-specific quality of life or health status, and the highest symptom burden were associated with increased economic expenditure. We found no associations in patients with HF or VHD.

Conclusion
Patient-reported outcomes at discharge from a heart centre were associated with direct health care costs in patients with IHD and arrhythmia.

Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01926145.
ComammoxNitrospirabacteria outnumber canonical nitrifiers irrespective of electron donor mode and availability in biofiltration systems
Authors: Vilardi Katherine J , Cotto Irmarie , Sevillano Maria , Dai Zihan , Anderson Christopher L , Pinto Ameet 
Published: March 2022

AbstractComplete ammonia oxidizing bacteria coexist with canonical ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a wide range of environments. Whether this is due to competitive or cooperative interactions, or a result of niche separation is not yet clear. Understanding the factors driving coexistence of nitrifiers is critical to manage nitrification processes occurring in engineered and natural ecosystems. In this study, microcosm-based experiments were used to investigate the impact of nitrogen source and loading on the population dynamics of nitrifiers in drinking water biofilter media. Shotgun sequencing of DNA followed by co-assembly and reconstruction of metagenome assembled genomes revealed clade A2 comammox bacteria were likely the primary nitrifiers within microcosms and increased in abundance over Nitrosomonas-like ammonia and Nitrospira-like nitrite oxidizing bacteria irrespective of nitrogen source type or loading. Changes in comammox bacterial abundance did not correlate with either ammonia or nitrite oxidizing bacterial abundance in urea-amended systems, where metabolic reconstruction indicated potential for cross-feeding between strict ammonia and nitrite oxidizers. In contrast, comammox bacterial abundance demonstrated a negative correlation with nitrite oxidizers in ammonia-amended systems. This suggests potentially weaker synergistic relationships between strict ammonia and nitrite oxidizers might enable comammox bacteria to displace strict nitrite oxidizers from complex nitrifying communities.
The effect of antifungal resistance development on the virulence of Candida species
Authors: Bohner Flora , Papp Csaba , Gácser Attila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the relevance of diseases associated with fungal pathogens increased worldwide. Members of the Candida genus are responsible for the greatest number of fungal bloodstream infections every year. Epidemiological data consistently indicate a modest shift toward non-albicans species, albeit Candidaalbicans is still the most recognizable species within the genus. As a result, the number of clinically relevant pathogens has increased, and, despite their distinct pathogenicity features, the applicable antifungal agents remained the same. For bloodstream infections, only three classes of drugs are routinely used, namely polyenes, azoles and echinocandins. Antifungal resistance toward all three antifungal drug classes frequently occurs in clinical settings. Compared with the broad range of literature on virulence and antifungal resistance of Candida species separately, only a small portion of studies examined the effect of resistance on virulence. These studies found that resistance to polyenes and echinocandins concluded in significant decrease in the virulence in different Candida species. Meanwhile, in some cases, resistance to azole type antifungals resulted in increased virulence depending on the species and isolates. These findings underline the importance of studies aiming to dissect the connections of virulence and resistance in Candida species.
Does Context Count? The Association Between Quality of Care and Job Characteristics in Residential Aged Care and Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hodroj Batoul , Way Kïrsten A , Scott Theresa L , Wright April L , Manchha Asmita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Within residential aged care settings, reduced quality of care (QoC), abuse, and neglect have been global phenomena which require urgent intervention. As the reported rate of these problems is much higher in aged care compared to hospital settings, we investigated whether differing job design characteristics between the 2 settings might explain the difference.

Research Design and Methods
We used a meta-analysis to compare differences in the relationships between high job demands, low job resources, and job strain with QoC and counterproductive work behaviors (CWBs) across aged care and hospital settings.

Results
Data were extracted from 42 studies (n = 55 effects). QoC was negatively correlated with high job demands (ρ¯ = −0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.29, −0.15, k = 7), low job resources (ρ¯ = −0.40, 95% CI: −0.47, −0.32, k = 15), and job strain (ρ¯ = −0.32, 95% CI: −0.38, −0.25, k = 22), CWBs had a positive relationship with job demands (ρ¯ = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.59, k = 3) and job strain (ρ¯ = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.56, k = 6). The association between poor QoC and low job resources was stronger in aged care (r = −0.46, 95% CI: −0.55, −0.36, k = 8) than in hospital settings (r = −0.30, 95% CI: −0.41, −0.18, k = 7).

Discussion and Implications
Our findings suggest that relationships between low job resources and poor QoC are exacerbated in residential aged care contexts. To improve care outcomes, stakeholders should improve job resources such as skill discretion, supervisory supports, and increased training and staffing levels in residential aged care.
Structure–function relationship of a novel fucoside-binding fruiting body lectin from Coprinopsis cinerea exhibiting nematotoxic activity
Authors: Bleuler-Martinez Silvia , Varrot Annabelle , Olieric Vincent , Schubert Mario , Vogt Eva , Fetz Céline , Wohlschlager Therese , Plaza David Fernando , Wälti Martin , Duport Yannick , Capitani Guido , Aebi Markus , Künzler Markus 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lectins are non-immunoglobulin-type proteins that bind to specific carbohydrate epitopes and play important roles in intra- and inter-organismic interactions. Here, we describe a novel fucose-specific lectin, termed CML1, which we identified from fruiting body extracts of Coprinopsis cinerea. For further characterization, the coding sequence for CML1 was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Feeding of CML1-producing bacteria inhibited larval development of the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis tropicalis, but not of C. elegans. The crystal structure of the recombinant protein in its apo-form and in complex with H type I or Lewis A blood group antigens was determined by X-ray crystallography. The protein folds as a sandwich of 2 antiparallel β-sheets and forms hexamers resulting from a trimer of dimers. The hexameric arrangement was confirmed by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). One carbohydrate-binding site per protomer was found at the dimer interface with both protomers contributing to ligand binding, resulting in a hexavalent lectin. In terms of lectin activity of recombinant CML1, substitution of the carbohydrate-interacting residues His54, Asn55, Trp94, and Arg114 by Ala abolished carbohydrate-binding and nematotoxicity. Although no similarities to any characterized lectin were found, sequence alignments identified many non-characterized agaricomycete proteins. These results suggest that CML1 is the founding member of a novel family of fucoside-binding lectins involved in the defense of agaricomycete fruiting bodies against predation by fungivorous nematodes.
Expanding the molecular spectrum of pathogenicSHOC2variants underlying Mazzanti syndrome
Authors: Motta Marialetizia , Solman Maja , Bonnard Adeline A , Kuechler Alma , Pantaleoni Francesca , Priolo Manuela , Chandramouli Balasubramanian , Coppola Simona , Pizzi Simone , Zara Erika , Ferilli Marco , Kayserili Hülya , Onesimo Roberta , Leoni Chiara , Brinkmann Julia , Vial Yoann , Kamphausen Susanne B , Thomas-Teinturier Cécile , Guimier Anne , Cordeddu Viviana , Mazzanti Laura , Zampino Giuseppe , Chillemi Giovanni , Zenker Martin , Cavé Hélène , den Hertog Jeroen , Tartaglia Marco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe previously molecularly and clinically characterized Mazzanti syndrome, a RASopathy related to Noonan syndrome that is mostly caused by a single recurrent missense variant (c.4A &gt; G, p.Ser2Gly) in SHOC2, which encodes a leucine-rich repeat-containing protein facilitating signal flow through the RAS-mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. We also documented that the pathogenic p.Ser2Gly substitution causes upregulation of MAPK signaling and constitutive targeting of SHOC2 to the plasma membrane due to the introduction of an N-myristoylation recognition motif. The almost invariant occurrence of the pathogenic c.4A &gt; G missense change in SHOC2 is mirrored by a relatively homogeneous clinical phenotype of Mazzanti syndrome. Here, we provide new data on the clinical spectrum and molecular diversity of this disorder and functionally characterize new pathogenic variants. The clinical phenotype of six unrelated individuals carrying novel disease-causing SHOC2 variants is delineated, and public and newly collected clinical data are utilized to profile the disorder. In silico, in vitro and in vivo characterization of the newly identified variants provides evidence that the consequences of these missense changes on SHOC2 functional behavior differ from what had been observed for the canonical p.Ser2Gly change but converge toward an enhanced activation of the RAS-MAPK pathway. Our findings expand the molecular spectrum of pathogenic SHOC2 variants, provide a more accurate picture of the phenotypic expression associated with variants in this gene and definitively establish a gain-of-function behavior as the mechanism of disease.
Does early surgery result in improved long-term survival compared to watchful waiting in patients with asymptomatic severe aortic regurgitation with preserved ejection fraction?
Authors: Heuts Samuel , Kawczynski Michal J , Maessen J G , Bidar Elham 
Published: March 2022

Summary
A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was: In patients with asymptomatic severe aortic regurgitation with preserved ejection fraction, is early surgery superior to watchful waiting in terms of long-term survival? Altogether, 648 papers were found using the reported search, 3 of which represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question (all level III evidence). The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. The 3 included studies comprised 469 patients. All 3 studies attempted to correct for potential baseline differences by different matching methods. As a result, a predominantly beneficial effect of early surgery on long-term survival in patients with severe asymptomatic AR and preserved LV function was observed, whereas none of the studies demonstrated a disadvantageous effect. Still, because many of the initially conservatively treated patients eventually proceed to surgery, longer term follow-up is warranted. Of note, older patients especially seem to adapt more poorly to chronic volume overload due to aortic regurgitation, making them potential candidates for a more aggressive approach. However, when a justified watchful waiting strategy is applied, close, extensive monitoring seems to be imperative, because the development of class I and II triggers seems to lead to improved survival.
Schubert Polynomials, the Inhomogeneous TASEP, and Evil-Avoiding Permutations
Authors: Kim Donghyun , Williams Lauren K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Consider a lattice of n sites arranged around a ring, with the $n$ sites occupied by particles of weights $\{1,2,\ldots ,n\}$; the possible arrangements of particles in sites thus correspond to the $n!$ permutations in $S_n$. The inhomogeneous totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (or TASEP) is a Markov chain on $S_n$, in which two adjacent particles of weights $i&lt;j$ swap places at rate $x_i - y_{n+1-j}$ if the particle of weight $j$ is to the right of the particle of weight $i$. (Otherwise, nothing happens.) When $y_i=0$ for all $i$, the stationary distribution was conjecturally linked to Schubert polynomials [18], and explicit formulas for steady state probabilities were subsequently given in terms of multiline queues [4, 5]. In the case of general $y_i$, Cantini [7] showed that $n$ of the $n!$ states have probabilities proportional to double Schubert polynomials. In this paper, we introduce the class of evil-avoiding permutations, which are the permutations avoiding the patterns $2413, 4132, 4213,$ and $3214$. We show that there are $\frac {(2+\sqrt {2})^{n-1}+(2-\sqrt {2})^{n-1}}{2}$ evil-avoiding permutations in $S_n$, and for each evil-avoiding permutation $w$, we give an explicit formula for the steady state probability $\psi _w$ as a product of double Schubert polynomials. (Conjecturally, all other probabilities are proportional to a positive sum of at least two Schubert polynomials.) When $y_i=0$ for all $i$, we give multiline queue formulas for the $\textbf {z}$-deformed steady state probabilities and use this to prove the monomial factor conjecture from [18]. Finally, we show that the Schubert polynomials arising in our formulas are flagged Schur functions, and we give a bijection in this case between multiline queues and semistandard Young tableaux.