bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological consequences of long COVID: comparing trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms before and after contracting SARS-CoV-2 between matched long- and short-COVID groups
Authors: Fancourt Daisy , Steptoe Andrew , Bu Feifei 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere is a growing global awareness of the psychological consequences of long COVID, supported by emerging empirical evidence. However, the emergence and long-term trajectories of psychological symptoms following the infection are still unclear.AimsTo examine when psychological symptoms first emerge following infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the long-term trajectories of psychological symptoms comparing long- and short-COVID groups.MethodWe analysed longitudinal data from the UCL COVID-19 Social Study (March 2020 to November 2021). We included data from adults living in England who reported contracting SARS-CoV-2 by November 2021 (n = 3115). Of these, 15.9% reported having had long COVID (n = 495). They were matched to participants who had short COVID using propensity score matching on a variety of demographic, socioeconomic and health covariates (n = 962 individuals with 13 325 observations) and data were further analysed using growth curve modelling.ResultsDepressive and anxiety symptoms increased immediately following the onset of infection in both long- and short-COVID groups. But the long-COVID group had substantially greater initial increases in depressive symptoms and heightened levels over 22 months follow-up. Initial increases in anxiety were not significantly different between groups, but only the short-COVID group experienced an improvement in anxiety over follow-up, leading to widening differences between groups.ConclusionsThe findings support work on the psychobiological pathways involved in the development of psychological symptoms relating to long COVID. The results highlight the need for monitoring of mental health and provision of adequate support to be interwoven with diagnosis and treatment of the physical consequences of long COVID.
Punishment and reputation based partners-switching promotes cooperation in social networks
Authors: Pei Huayan , Yan Guanghui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To investigate the cooperation dynamics caused by coevolution of game strategy and social contacts, we propose a behavioral punishment and reputation based partners-switching mechanism, in which individuals are allowed to sever unwanted partnerships and establish new ones with next-nearest neighbors having high reputations. Simulation results show that cooperation is significantly promoted under the proposed mechanism. Under greater temptation to defect or in denser networks, social partners changing needs to be adequately frequent to support the spread of cooperative behavior. For a given average degree

or temptation to defect b, a critical value for time scale ratio W can be observed, above which cooperators occupy the whole population. Our results show that the structural dynamics facilitates the emergence of an underlying heterogeneous network, which provides a favorable network topology for cooperation to prevail under strategy dynamics.
Necl2/3-mediated mechanism for tripartite synapse formation
Authors: Nozawa Osamu , Miyata Muneaki , Shiotani Hajime , Kameyama Takeshi , Komaki Ryouhei , Shimizu Tatsuhiro , Kuriu Toshihiko , Kashiwagi Yutaro , Sato Yuka , Koebisu Michinori , Aiba Atsu , Okabe Shigeo , Mizutani Kiyohito , Takai Yoshimi 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Ramified, polarized protoplasmic astrocytes interact with synapses via perisynaptic astrocyte processes (PAPs) to form tripartite synapses. These astrocyte-synapse interactions mutually regulate their structures and functions. However, molecular mechanisms for tripartite synapse formation remain elusive. We developed an in vitro co-culture system for mouse astrocytes and neurons that induced astrocyte ramifications and PAP formation. Co-cultured neurons were required for astrocyte ramifications in a neuronal activity-dependent manner, and synaptically-released glutamate and activation of astrocytic mGluR5 metabotropic glutamate receptor were likely involved in astrocyte ramifications. Astrocytic Necl2 trans-interacted with axonal Necl3, inducing astrocyte-synapse interactions and astrocyte functional polarization by recruiting EAAT1/2 glutamate transporters and Kir4.1 K+ channel to the PAPs, without affecting astrocyte ramifications. This Necl2/3 trans-interaction increased functional synapse number. Thus, astrocytic Necl2, synaptically-released glutamate and axonal Necl3 cooperatively formed tripartite glutamatergic synapses in vitro. Studies on hippocampal mossy fiber synapses in Necl3 knockout and Necl2/3 double knockout mice confirmed these previously unreported mechanisms for astrocyte-synapse interactions and astrocyte functional polarization in vivo.
Adar1 deletion causes degeneration of the exocrine pancreas via Mavs-dependent interferon signaling
Authors: Rupani Dhwani N. , Thege Fredrik I. , Chandra Vidhi , Rajaei Hajar , Cowan Robert W. , Wörmann Sonja M. , Le Roux Olivereen , Malaney Prerna , Manning Sara L. , Hashem Jack , Bailey-Lundberg Jennifer , Rhim Andrew D. , McAllister Florencia 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) is an RNA-binding protein that deaminates adenosine (A) to inosine (I). A-to-I editing alters post-transcriptional RNA processing, making ADAR1 a crucial regulator of gene expression. Consequently, Adar1 has been implicated in organogenesis. To determine the role of Adar1 in pancreatic development and homeostasis, we conditionally deleted Adar1 from the murine pancreas (Ptf1aCre/+; Adar1Fl/Fl). The resulting mice had stunted growth, likely due to malabsorption associated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Analyses of pancreata revealed ductal cell expansion, heightened interferon-stimulated gene expression and an increased influx of immune cells. Concurrent deletion of Adar1 and Mavs, a signaling protein implicated in the innate immune pathway, rescued the degenerative phenotype and resulted in normal pancreatic development. Taken together, our work suggests that the primary function of Adar1 in the pancreas is to prevent aberrant activation of the Mavs-mediated innate immune pathway, thereby maintaining pancreatic homeostasis.
Physiological Responses to Exercise in Hypoxia in Preterm Adults: Convective and Diffusive Limitations in the O2 Transport
Authors: MANFERDELLI GIORGIO , NARANG BENJAMIN J. , BOURDILLON NICOLAS , DEBEVEC TADEJ , MILLET GRÉGOIRE P. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Premature birth induces long-term sequelae on the cardiopulmonary system, leading to reduced exercise capacity. However, the mechanisms of this functional impairment during incremental exercise remain unclear. Also, a blunted hypoxic ventilatory response was found in preterm adults, suggesting an increased risk for adverse effects of hypoxia in this population. This study aimed to investigate the oxygen cascade during incremental exercise to exhaustion in both normoxia and hypobaric hypoxia in prematurely born adults with normal lung function and their term born counterparts.

Methods
Noninvasive measures of gas exchange, cardiac hemodynamics, and both muscle and cerebral oxygenation were continuously performed using metabolic cart, transthoracic impedance, and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively, during an incremental exercise test to exhaustion performed at sea level and after 3 d of high-altitude exposure in healthy preterm (n = 17; gestational age, 29 ± 1 wk; normal lung function) and term born (n = 17) adults.

Results
At peak, power output, oxygen uptake, stroke volume indexed for body surface area, and cardiac output were lower in preterm compared with term born in normoxia (P = 0.042, P = 0.027, P = 0.030, and P = 0.018, respectively) but not in hypoxia, whereas pulmonary ventilation, peripheral oxygen saturation, and muscle and cerebral oxygenation were similar between groups. These later parameters were modified by hypoxia (P < 0.001). Hypoxia increased muscle oxygen extraction at submaximal and maximal intensity in term born (P < 0.05) but not in preterm participants. Hypoxia decreased cerebral oxygen saturation in term born but not in preterm adults at rest and during exercise (P < 0.05). Convective oxygen delivery was decreased by hypoxia in term born (P < 0.001) but not preterm adults, whereas diffusive oxygen transport decreased similarly in both groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions
These results suggest that exercise capacity in preterm is primarily reduced by impaired convective, rather than diffusive, oxygen transport. Moreover, healthy preterm adults may experience blunted hypoxia-induced impairments during maximal exercise compared with their term counterparts.
Management of confirmed mushroom poisoning
Authors: Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Pożarowska Kinga , Rudziński Gracjan , Łozowski Borys , Kusak Natalia , Grunwald Arkadiusz , Tchórz Michał 
Published: December 2022

During the autumn season, it is common for mushroom pickers to eat poisonous mushrooms. This is due to many reasons, including the ignorance of pickers. The most common is the misidentification of inedible species as edible mushrooms. The result is poisoning, which in many cases requires hospitalization.
This paper presents a case report of toadstool poisoning by a 62-year-old female patient. In addition, other relevant publications on intoxication, diagnostic methods and treatment are reviewed. The purpose of this paper is to present the management and treatment of a case of toadstool poisoning.
The effects of mushroom poisoning can range from mild disorders, mainly gastrointestinal to organ failure and even death. Significant elevations of liver enzymes and prothrombin time are important in laboratory tests in cases of intoxication. Treatment most often involves specific antidotes, such as Sylimarin, Acetylcysteine. The diagnosis in most cases is made on the basis of the clinical picture and a thorough interview with the patient, and the diagnosis is established by detecting toxins in a urine test. The prognosis is better if patients with toadstool poisoning are admitted to the hospital early. It is worth noting that gastrointestinal syndromes can also result from eating raw or inadequately cooked mushrooms, and by eating them excessively or too often.
Proper diagnosis and treatment of mushroom poisoning can save lives. It is very important to raise public awareness of mushroom poisoning, as well as early detection of potential signs of intoxication. Cooperation with the poison center and mycologists is very important, especially in high-risk cases.
Incomplete Information, Debt Issuance, and the Term Structure of Credit Spreads
Authors: Benzoni Luca , Garlappi Lorenzo , Goldstein Robert 
Published: December 2022

We derive a firm’s debt issuance policy when managers have an informational advantage over creditors and face debt restructuring costs. In our model, regardless of how poor their private signal is, managers of firms that can access the credit market avoid default by issuing new debt to service existing debt. Therefore, only bonds of firms that have exhausted their ability to borrow are subject to jump-to-default risk because of incomplete information and, in turn, command a jump-to-default risk premium. We document that our model captures many salient features of the corporate bond market. This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4529 .
Supporting patients living with obesity in general practice
Authors: Mulrooney Hilda 
Published: December 2022

General practice is ideally suited to support patients with weight management. Hilda Mulrooney outlines some of the barriers facing nurses working in general practice and ways to overcome these Primary care is identified in national guidance as fundamental to supporting patients living with overweight and obesity. Despite this, weight is not routinely recorded and many practitioners are ambivalent about their role in this area. Barriers to addressing excess weight in primary care have been identified by patients and healthcare practitioners. This article outlines some of the barriers identified by both groups. In addition, approaches and resources which may help health professionals overcome barriers are suggested.
Real-time monitoring of toxic CS2 with high concentrations using a suitable terahertz photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Varshney R. K. 
Published: December 2022

Detection of toxic carbon disulfide (

C
S

2

) at high concentration, arising due to heavy industrial utilities, is an essential requirement for a sustainable ecosystem and healthcare. However, research and development of appropriate sensor devices to monitor a very high concentration of

C
S

2

are lacking. We design a polyethylene (PE) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) consisting of two interpenetrating periodic hexagonal lattices of teflon inclusions and air holes in the cladding, which can monitor ambient

C
S

2

with extremely high precision in a wide concentration range. Here, we measure the time delay difference (TDD) associated with the difference between group velocities of the two supported modes due to changes in

C
S

2

concentration in the prescribed holes. For a 10 cm long variant of the designed PCF operating at 0.75 THz frequency, we observe a linearly increasing TDD variation from

∼

2

to 13 ps due to change in

C
S

2

concentration from 17 to 50%. However, when the

C
S

2

concentration exceeds the 50% range, we observe decreasing TDD characteristics. In this high concentration regime (

>

50

%

), we monitor

C
S

2

by analyzing second mode loss (SML) variation due to concentration change (at 0.98 THz frequency), where SML increases up to

∼

30

d
B

for

∼

100

%

ambient

C
S

2

concentration. Here, we achieve a high concentration sensitivity where a variation of 1.6 dB SML is observed with a unit concentration change of

C
S

2

. The proposed scheme has an immense potential to boost the technologies for high-precision gas monitoring devices.
Analysis of dephasing time of plasmonic hybridization modes using a quasi-normal mode method
Authors: Wang Lun , Ji Boyu , Xu Yang , Lang Peng , Song Xiaowei , Lin Jingquan 
Published: December 2022

Measuring and regulating the localized surface plasmon (LSP) dephasing time (lifetime) of bonding and antibonding modes in nanosystems is the basis for the application of LSP devices. Here, we investigate the modulation of the dephasing time of hybridization modes generated by the coupling between dipole and quadrupole LSP modes in an asymmetric nanorod dimer by combining finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations with the quasi-normal mode (QNM) method. We surprisingly find that the dephasing time of the antibonding mode can be as long as 10.55 fs, which is 30% longer than that of the quadrupole mode supported by an isolated long rod (7.94 fs). Moreover, it is found that the dephasing times of the antibonding and bonding modes can be selectively modulated by changing the gap size or rod length in the dimer. A 6 THz difference between peak frequencies obtained from directly reading the near-field spectra and from the QNM fitting of near-field spectra is observed due to mode interactions existing with a gap size of 60 nm. This work demonstrates that QNM is a superior method in analyzing complex spectra, and it advances our understanding of the dynamical evolution of plasmonic hybrid modes.
Adverse selection in iBuyer business models—don’t buy lemons!
Authors: Helgaker Eirik , Oust Are , Pollestad Arne J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe rise of instant buyer (iBuyer) businesses in the past years has made automated valuation models (AVMs) an important part of the property market. Although iBuyer services are in demand, large actors within the segment have reported dissatisfying profits over time. The business model is subject to adverse selection as homeowners based on their superior knowledge of their home are more likely to accept overpriced bids than underpriced bids, making the iBuyer purchase more overpriced dwellings. In this paper, we use a dataset consisting of 84,905 apartment transactions from Oslo, the Norwegian capital. We use 80% of the dataset to train three different AVMs similar to those used by iBuyers. Next, we construct some simple purchasing rules from the predictive accuracies found in the training dataset. Finally, taking the remaining 20% of the data in a test dataset, we introduce an adverse selection indicator based on accepted probability distributions and calculate the average expected resale profits per apartment for a hypothetical iBuyer. We find that adverse selection has a large negative impact on average profits for the hypothetical iBuyer. Furthermore, the simple purchasing rules are able to improve the profit by 1 percentage point per apartment when adverse selection is present.
The clinical effectiveness of REGEN-COV in SARS-CoV-2 infection with Omicron versus Delta variants
Authors: Gershengorn Hayley B. , Patel Samira , Ferreira Tanira , Das Sankalp , Parekh Dipen J. , Shukla Bhavarth 
Published: December 2022

Background
In vitro studies suggesting that REGEN-COV (casirivimab plus imdevimab monoclonal antibodies) had poor efficacy against Omicron-variant SARS-CoV-2 infection led to amendment of REGEN-COV’s Emergency Use Authorization to recommend use only in regions without high Omicron prevalence. REGEN-COV’s relative clinical effectiveness for Omicron is unknown.

Methods and findings
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of non-hospitalized adults who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction at the University of Miami Health System from July 19 –November 21, 2021 (Delta period) and December 6, 2021 –January 7, 2022 (Omicron period). Subjects were stratified be REGEN-COV receipt within 72h of test positivity and by time period of infection. We constructed multivariable logistic regression models to assess the differential association of REGEN-COV receipt with hospitalization within 30 days (primary outcome) and ED presentation; all models included three exposure terms (REGEN-COV receipt, Omicron vs Delta period, interaction of REGEN-COV with time period) and potential confounders (vaccination status, vaccine boosting, cancer diagnosis). Our cohort consisted of 2,083 adults in the Delta period (213 [10.2%] received REGEN-COV) and 4,201 in the Omicron period (156 [3.7%] received REGEN-COV). Hospitalization was less common during the Omicron period than during Delta (0.9% vs 1.7%, p = 0.78) and more common for patients receiving REGEN-COV than not (5.7% vs 0.9%, p<0.001). After adjustment, we found no differential association of REGEN-COV use during Omicron vs Delta with hospitalization within 30d (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for the interaction term: 2.31 [0.76–6.92], p = 0.13). Similarly, we found no differential association for hospitalization within 15d (2.45 [0.63–9.59], p = 0.20) or emergency department presentation within 30d (1.43 [0.57–3.51], p = 0.40) or within 15d (1.79 [0.65–4.82], p = 0.30).

Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study’s power to detect a difference, we identified no differential effectiveness of REGEN-COV in the context of Omicron vs Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Paper. Pen. Pandemic: Viral Cartoons from around the Globe, Benevento Publishing (ed.) (2020)
Metaphors of Coronavirus: Invisible Enemy or Zombie Apocalypse?, Jonathan Charteris-Black (2021)
Authors: Vigsø O. 
Published: December 2022

Review of: Paper. Pen. Pandemic: Viral Cartoons from around the Globe, Benevento Publishing (ed.) (2020)
Elsbethen: Benevento Publishing, 298 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-89955-012-2, h/bk, €28

Metaphors of Coronavirus: Invisible Enemy or Zombie Apocalypse?, Jonathan Charteris-Black (2021)
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 301 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-03085-105-7, p/bk, €21.39
Comércio no mundo romano e tardo-antigo
Authors: Quaresma José Carlos 
Published: December 2022

A Economia Antiga permanece um campo rico de análise, mas também complexo e difícil quando se procura uma integração dos dados de diversa natureza epistemológica. Por isso, são poucos os casos de tentativa de cruzamento de dados históricos e arqueológicos ou ambientais.
Neste artigo, procuramos empreender dois grandes exercícios de confrontação de dados: analisar diacronicamente dados arqueológicos de natureza comercial, nomeadamente aqueles que nos transmitem flutuações temporais e regionais mais fidedignas, como os da terra sigillata; comparar estes dados com outros dados económicos de natureza ambiental e epidemiológica; analisar os preços de frete propostos pelo Édito de Preços de 301 d.C., comparando os reais custos entre as diversas rotas e, assim, procurar descortinar a relação de custos de trabalho aos intermediários e de custos finais dos produtos aos consumidores de cada região.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL AMERICANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PETROLINA, PERNAMBUCO, BRASIL
Authors: Maia Carina Scanoni , Pimentel Danillo de Souza , Santana Marília de Andrade , Oliveira Genova Maria de , Pedrosa Nara de Arruda , Nascimento Luciano Alves do , Faustino Maria Aparecida da Gloria , Alves Leucio Camara 
Published: December 2022

O Sistema de Informações Geográficas permite mapear e identificar as áreas com alto risco para ocorrência de novos casos de leishmaniose visceral (LV). Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a distribuição espacial da LV em humanos e cães domiciliados no município de Petrolina, Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal dos casos humanos no período de 2001 a 2010 em Petrolina e constatou-se 117 casos da enfermidade. Destes, 35,89% foram localizados e georreferenciados. A partir disso, uma pesquisa sorológica foi realizada em cães residentes nas áreas onde os casos humanos foram verificados. Dos 600 cães avaliados, 19,16% foram sororreagentes, sendo que 73,04% pertenciam Ã zona urbana. Após análise espacial dos casos humanos e caninos, observou-se a presença de Clusters, tanto na zona rural como urbana. No entanto, em ambos os casos, a concentração foi maior na área urbana e onde ocorreu perda da cobertura vegetal. Quando foi realizada a sobreposição dos mapas, nenhuma associação entre casos caninos e humanos foi encontrada. A análise espacial da Leishmaniose Visceral em Petrolina permitiu concluir que a enfermidade se encontra em fase de urbanização, mas sem associação entre casos humanos e caninos.
MEDICINA POPULAR E SABERES TRADICIONAIS SOBRE AS PROPRIEDADES MEDICINAIS DA FLORA CERRADEIRA
Authors: Pereira Ana Carolina dos Santos , Cunha Maria das Graças Campolina 
Published: December 2022

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa realizada sobre o conhecimento e o uso das plantas medicinais cerradeiras. As espécies arbóreas e arbustivas deste bioma são diligentemente utilizadas pelas populações tradicionais na cura ou tratamento de algum mal que as afligem.Â Nesse sentido, o presente estudo objetivou visibilizar os conhecimentos referentes as plantas medicinais do Cerrado adquiridos pela população da comunidade São Bento, em Buritizeiro, no norte de Minas Gerais. Para a construção deste artigo, primeiramente foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre o uso de plantas medicinais e a medicina popular no Brasil. Bem como, foram destacados os aspectos que caracterizam o bioma Cerrado no cenário ambiental brasileiro, sua importância e diversidade, assim como a necessidade de conservação do mesmo. Por fim, partiu-se de umÂ cenário amplo para uma análise específica da comunidade, onde foram apresentadas diversas espécies utilizadas pelos moradores, seus usos e modos de preparo.Â Â Para tanto, foram realizadas imerssões a campo com o propósito de acompanhar o cotidiano daqueles reconhecidos pelos demais como conhecedores destes princípios. Esta pesquisa apontou a riqueza de conhecimentos adquiridos e acumulados pelas populações tradicionais sobre a propriedade medicinal da flora cerradeira e a necessidade de se resguardar esses saberes.