bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic and physiological analysis reveal phytohormone and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in root of Cynanchum auriculatum
Authors: Sun Miao , Zhu Zhi-Peng , Yu Jian-Xiang , Wu Ke-Xin , Guo Yao-Xian , Shen Min , Liu Fang-Fang , Tang Xin-Hui , Kang Yi-Jun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Baishouwu (Cynanchum auriculatum), a medicinal and food dual-use plant, has been cultivated for centuries and is favored by consumers. C. auriculatum tuberous roots contain large amounts of flavonoids, lignin, and other nutrients. However, the developmental characteristics and phenylpropanoid metabolic mechanism in C. auriculatum have not been clarified. Here, C. auriculatum tuberous roots were observed in three developmental stages, compared with root forming stage (S1), there were significant morphological differences in root expanding stage (S2) and harvest stage (S3). Through Illumina HiSeq2500, nine transcriptomic libraries were constructed for transcriptomic analysis. 28,926 DEGs were activated during the development of C. auriculatum tuberous root, and many DEGs were enriched in ‘phytohormone signal transduction’ and ‘phenylpropanoid biosynthesis’. The analysis of phytohormone content and gene expression revealed that, auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene participated in the regulation of C. auriculatum tuberous root development. With phloroglucinol staining, it was observed that lignified cells were mainly distributed in the central xylem at S1, followed by ring-like structure formation in S2, and finally formed the connecting rays between the xylem and the phloem in S3. Lignin content increased at S2 and then decreased at S3, and the expression of lignin synthesis genes also presented a similar trend. Total flavonoids content showed a gradually increasing trend, and the expression of flavonoid synthesis genes was also gradually up regulated. C. auriculatum might divert the precursors to the flavonoid synthesis pathway by reducing the activity of key enzymes in lignin synthesis, resulting in the reduction of lignin content and the promotion of flavonoid synthesis. This study provided a basis for the developmental mechanism of C. auriculatum and the further utilization of C. auriculatum tuberous roots.
TMAO promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the ERS/NF-kb pathway in ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages and accelerates the secretion of IL-1β、IL-18
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Yu Xiaochen , Luo Zhisheng , Wang Mingxue , Wang Wenxiao , Guan Xiuru 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Macrophages inflammation from variety of risk factors is critical in the rupture of atherosclerotic(AS) plaques. Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), a dietary metabolite that depends on Gut microbiota, exerts strongly pro-inflammatory effects on Atherosclerosis. Nowadays, mounting research showed that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is essential for the pathogenesis of AS. The present study was to investigate the effect of TMAO on ox-LDL-induced NLRP3 inflammasomes activation of THP-1 cells, and to explore the potential mechanism. Used Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, LDH assay to evaluate the changes of macrophage activity under TMAO and ox-LDL, respectively, to clarify the appropriate dosage. Proteins related to NLRP3 inflammasomes, NF-kb and ERS were determined via Western Blot. Inflammatory cytokine secretion was then examined via ELISA. PCR detected gene levels of inflammatory markers, and caspase-1 activity assay was utilized to detect intracellular caspase-1 activity. The results showed that TMAO could activate NLRP3 inflammasome in ox-LDL-induced THP-1 macrophages and accelerate inflammatory factor release. In addition, TMAO can further activate the expression of ERS-related proteins( including BiP、p-PERK) and NF-KB pathway. NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, NF-kb inhibitor JSH-23, and ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA reversed TMAO's promoting effect in ox-LDL-induced macrophage. Given these data, we conclude that TMAO promotes NLRP3 inflammasomes activation via the ERS/NF-kb pathway in ox-LDL induced THP-1 macrophages. Reducing the TMAO levels may be a viable approach to prevent atherosclerosis plaque development.
Occurrence of Onchocerciasis infection after decades of mass drug administration in the Western North Region of Ghana: The case of Sefwi Akontombra district
Authors: Mensah Derrick Adu , Debrah Linda Batsa , Boateng John , Ahiadorme Monica , Osei-Mensah Jubin , Opoku Vera Serwaa , Obeng Michael Agyemang , Kuutiero Eunice Kyaakyile , Opoku John , Rahamani Abu Abudu , Amponsem Sarfowaa , Obeng Prince , Gyasi Charles , Kutu Emmanuel Donawugube , Debrah Alexander Yaw 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundOnchocerciasis is the world’s second leading cause of infectious blindness and a major public health problem in many parts of the world, including Ghana, with severe impact on the skin also. Mass drug administration (MDA) with ivermectin began in the Sefwi Akontombra district of the Western North Region of Ghana in 1994. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of about three decades of MDA on onchocerciasis and its clinical manifestations by investigating the current nodule and microfilaria (MF) prevalence in the Sefwi Akontombra district using established protocols. MethodologyThis cross-sectional study had participants examined for signs of dermal/skin onchocerciasis and palpated, and those with ≥1 palpable sub-cutaneous nodule had skin snips taken from the left and right iliac crests for later parasitological (microfilariae) assessment. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictive and risk factors significantly associated with nodule and MF prevalence.ResultsA total of 1980 participants from 25 communities in three sub-districts were recruited. Compliance to the MDA intervention in the district was 93.7%. The study recorded Onchocerca nodule prevalence of 35.4% (N=701), out of which 31.5% (N=221) were MF positives, with district community microfilariae load (CMFL) and geometric mean intensity of 0.25 MF/ss and 0.26 MF/ss respectively. Adawu, the central community among the 25 surveyed recorded the highest CMFL (0.77 MF/ss)— with 14 communities being hypoendemic and 11, mesoendemic for the onchocerciasis infection. The overall estimated district onchocerciasis MF prevalence was 11.2%, making the district hypoendemic. Of the 17 participants who presented with dermal symptoms, acute papular onchodermatitis (41.2%) was the most prevalent. Age, ivermectin intake and gender were the independent predictive factors significantly associated (p<0.05) with onchocerciasis in the district.ConclusionDespite decades of ivermectin administration in the district, the MF prevalence in the district was > the 1% threshold required for elimination. As the focus of the Ghana Onchocerciasis Control Programme has changed from control to elimination, MDA should be intensified in areas with MF prevalence >1%. Though the district’s CMFL was far below the 5.0 MF/ss public health problem threshold, macrofilaricidal drugs should be explored to complement the microfilaricidal ivermectin.
Tailored SnO2 @MWCNTs Efficient and Recyclable Nano-Catalyst for Selective Synthesis of 4, 5- Dihydropyrrolo[1, 2-a]Quinoxalines via Pictet–Spengler Reaction
Authors: Mathapati Sushil , Alange Ravindra , Mol Sherin C B , Bhande Sambhaji , Jadhav Arvind 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Heterocyclic compounds have wide range of applications and Pictet–Spengler reaction is effectual in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as quinoline and isoquinoline. The present work describes an effective Pictet–Spengler-type protocol for the selective synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives from substituted pyrroles and diverse aromatic aldehydes over tailored SnO2 nanoparticles anchored multi walled carbon nanotubes (SnO2@MWCNTs) nano-catalyst under greener reaction condition. An elementary reaction process (chemical synthesis) of oxidation of MWCNTs followed by uniform dispersion of SnO2 nanoparticles is used to synthesize the SnO2@MWCNTs catalyst. The SnO2@MWCNTs catalyst was then characterized by using modern spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The activity of catalysts was investigated towards the formation of selective quinoxaline. The reaction progressed with 100% conversion and 93 − 80% yield for the desired product at ambient operating conditions in just 2.30–3.30 h of reaction time. The effect of different parameters such as reaction temperature, time, and loading of SnO2 on MWCNTs, SnO2@MWCNTs catalyst loading were also investigated and discussed in detail. The protocol displayed high tolerance to different functionalities with respect to different substituted aromatic aldehydes to form quinoxaline derivatives in efficient and selective yield. Plausible reaction mechanistic pathway for the selective formation of quinoxaline over SnO2@MWCNTs is also proposed. It is believed that, high dispersion of SnO2 over MWCNTs provided sufficient Lewis acidic sites for the reaction to selectively obtain the final product. Additionally, recyclability of SnO2@MWCNTs catalyst was also studied which demonstrated that the catalyst could be efficiently reused for six successive cycles without significant loss of activity and selectivity. The present work provides greener approach for synthesis of quinoxaline derivative preparation with high selectivity (free from oxidized quinoxaline as a side-product) and efficient yield.
Bipolar disorders in Nigeria: A mixed-methods study of patients, family caregivers, clinicians, and the community members’ perspectives
Authors: Jidong Dung Ezekiel , Husain Ishrat M. , Ike Tarela Juliet , Husain Nusrat , Taru Maigari Yusufu , Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka , Francis Christopher , Jack David B. , Mwankon Shadrack B. , Xue Siqi , Pwajok Juliet Y. , Nyam Pam N. , Murshed Maisha 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Bipolar Disorders (BDs) are chronic mental health disorders that often result in functional impairment and contribute significantly to the disability-adjusted life years (DALY). BDs are historically under-researched compared to other mental health disorders, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria. Design: A mixed-methods design was utilised, with Study 1 exploring knowledge of mood management in BDs in relation to sociodemographic outcomes using quantitative data. Study 2 qualitatively assesses the lived experiences of patients with BDs, clinicians, and family members. Methods: In Study 1, a non-clinical sample of n = 575 participants responded to a compact questionnaire that assessed their knowledge and beliefs about BDs and how they relate to certain sociodemographic variables. One-way ANOVA was used to analyse quantitative data. Study 2 interviewed N = 15 (n = 5 patients with BDs; n = 7 clinicians; n = 3 family caregivers). These semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analysed.Results: In Study 1, findings showed no statistically significant differences, suggesting low awareness of BDs, especially among vulnerable populations such as young people and older adults. However, there was a trajectory in increased knowledge of BDs among participants between the ages of 25-44 years and part-time workers compared to other ages and employment status. In Study 2, qualitative findings showed that BDs are perceived to be genetically and psycho-socially induced by specific lived experiences of patients and their caregivers or family members. Although psychotropic medications and psychotherapy are available treatment options in Nigeria, cultural and religious beliefs were significant barriers to treatment uptake. Conclusions: This study provides insight into knowledge and beliefs about BDs in Nigeria. The present study provides evidence of the lived experiences of patients with BDs, their caregivers and clinicians in Nigeria. It highlights the need for further studies assessing Nigeria's feasibility and acceptability of culturally adapted psychosocial interventions for patients with BDs.
Incorporating ε-polylysine hydrochloride, tea polyphenols, nisin, and ascorbic acid into edible coating solutions: Effect on quality and shelf life of marinated eggs
Authors: Liu Jingbo , Cheng Dongkun , Zhang Deju , Han Lu , Gan Yiming , Yu Yiding , Zhang Ting 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to develop and characterize the chitosan-edible coating solution (CS-NH-TC) incorporated with ε-polylysine hydrochloride, tea polyphenols, Nisin, and ascorbic acid, then investigate their effect on physicochemical, antibacterial, and sensory properties of marinated eggs stored at 4 °C for 24 days, marinated eggs without coating were set as control. The CS-NH-TC edible coating solution exhibited the lowest particle size (582.6 ± 16.6 nm) and polydispersity index (0.49) and highest zeta potential (30.96) among the coatings. The FT-IR spectra showed that TP, VC, Nisin, and ε-PLH were successfully encapsulated in the CS edible coating solution. The moisture content and water holding capacity of the marinated eggs coated with CS-NH-TC remained stable up to 20 days. Marinated eggs coated with CS-NH-TC edible coating solution exhibited lower total viable counts of microorganisms, and more stable color and pH values compared to the control during the entire storage time. Furthermore, the texture and sensory evaluation results demonstrated that marinated eggs coated with CS-NH-TC edible coating solution had low degradation rate and improved overall acceptability scores. This study confirmed that CS-NH-TC edible coating solution is a promising coating for improving the quality and shelf life of marinated egg products and may have a broad application prospect in the preservation of other food products.
HMGB1 increases myelin debris phagocytosis and ICAM-1 expression in rat CNS endothelial cells in vitro via the TLR4/NF-κB pathway
Authors: Qin Zinxin , Wang Liping , Wang Zhiqiang , Liu Jinming , Deng Chen , Deng Li , Sun Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
HMGB1 regulates the inflammatory response after CNS injury. We aimed to determine the effect and mechanism of HMGB1 on the phagocytosis of myelin debris and the expression of ICAM-1 mediated by myelin debris in endothelial cells.The expression of MBP, CatD, and ICAM-1, as well as macrophage adhesion to endothelial cells, were studied in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells and the role of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the regulation of these proteins expression by HMGB1 in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells .The expression of MBP, CatD, and ICAM-1 in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells was significantly increased following rHMGB1 exposure. The expression of MBP, CatD, ICAM-1, and macrophagocyte adhesion in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells without rHMGB1 exposure was significantly reduced. The expression of MBP, CatD, and ICAM-1, and macrophagocyte adhesion were increased in endothelial cells first incubated with rHMGB1 for 24h and then treated with myelin debris. HMGB1 effects on these proteins expression in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells in vitro were mediated, at least in part, by activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.HMGB1 increased MBP, CatD and ICAM-1 expression, as well as myelin debris phagocytosis and macrophage adhesion in myelin debris-mediated endothelial cells in vitro. These effects occur through the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Study on the Surface Integrity of 7050 Aluminum Alloy with Different Crystal Orientations During High-Speed Machining
Authors: Lu Wei , Zong Chengguo , Ni Chenbing , Yu Xiao , Liu Dejian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of crystal orientations and machining parameters on the surface integrity of 7050 aluminum alloy in high-speed machining. Three groups of pre-compression deformations (10%, 15%, and 20%) are performed on the aluminum alloy to fabricate specimens with different crystal orientations. A single-factor dry cutting experiment was designed, and the surface roughness, surface morphology and defects, work hardening, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were tested. The results show that the 15% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy specimen had lower surface roughness and the best surface quality under the same cutting parameters. The surface roughness of 7050 aluminum alloy with different crystal orientations tended to first increase and then decrease with the increase of the cutting speed, and the surface roughness was positively correlated with the cutting depth and feed rate. Under different cutting parameters, the machined surfaces of 7050 aluminum alloy specimens with different crystal orientations exhibited different degrees of plowings, apophysis, sticky chips and pits. Moreover, the degree of work hardening of the 15% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy specimen was small, while that of the 20% pre-deformed specimen was more serious. XRD analysis demonstrated that the diffraction peak width of the 10% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy specimen slightly increased with the increase of the cutting depth. Moreover, the (111) and (200) diffraction peak intensities of the 15% pre-deformed 7050 aluminum alloy specimen increased with the increase of the cutting speed, and there was no obvious Al 2 CuMg phase on the machined surface of the 20% pre-deformed specimen.
Elevated TBC1D1 defined immunosuppressive microenvironment and poor prognosis in low-grade glioma
Authors: Song Daqiang , Liu Jiazhou , Wei Yuxian , Chen Yuru , Luan Tiankuo , Wang Xiaoyu , Feng Rui , Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Chong , Qiu Zhu , Ren Guosheng , Li Hongzhong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are a group of heterogeneous brain tumors that originate from glial cells, and lack effective biomarkers for diagnosis and predicting prognosis. In this study, we found that both transcriptional and protein levels of TBC1 domain family member 1 (TBC1D1) are significantly increased in tumors, and indicated poor prognosis of LGG patients. In addition, the nomogram constructed based on TBC1D1 showed that TBC1D1 exerted satisfactory performance in predicting the survival probability of LGG patients. Notably, high TBC1D1 expression in M2-like pro-tumor macrophages is closely correlated with the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the glioma. Collectively, these findings support that high TBC1D1 expression indicate immunosuppressive microenvironment and predicted poor prognosis in LGG patients.
Synergistic cytotoxicity and antibacterial effects of the composites of silver nanoparticles and Lonicera japonica extract on human dermal fibroblast and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Bachynskyj-Bilas Daniel , Coward Brad , Li Wei , Wang Zhuo , Wang Jiawei , Griffin Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work we report the synthesis of composites of silver nanoparticles and Lonicera japonica extract. In vitro cytotoxicity of these composites was tested against human foreskin dermal fibroblasts and antibacterial activity tested against Staphylococcus aureus. At the highest concentration of 100 µg/ml, the composites containing 50% Ag nanoparticles and 50% honeysuckle extract were found to provide the greatest antibacterial effect, with minimal cytotoxic effect. The release of three reactive oxygen species (•OH, O2−, H2O2) and silver ions from the composites were studied to understand the synergistic effects. It is hypothesised that whilst all ROS play a pivotal role in antibacterial activity, O2− could be the most important species. We conclude that the composites of silver nanoparticles and Lonicera japonica extract could be an appropriate nanomedicine for medical applications, such as topical dermal dressings.
Variable prognostic value of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD3+T cells in schistosomal and non-schistosomal colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Weixia , Zhang Yingyi , Liu Jican , Jing Hongyan , Lu Kui , Wang Limei , Zhu Ting , Xu Yanchao , Bu Dacheng , Cheng Meihong , Liu Jing , Shen Weidong , Yao Junxia , Huang Sinian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim: To investigate the prognostic value of the TILs and CD3+ cells and CD20+ cells in schistosomal colorectal cancer (SCRC) and non-schistosomal CRC (NSCRC).Background: Although schistosomiasis has been basically eliminated, it has not been completely extinction in China and occasional outbreaks occur in Europe recently. The relationship between schistosomiasis and CRC is still obscure, and the inflammation based prognostic systems of schistosomal colorectal (SCRC) and Non-schistosomal CRC (NSCRC) has rarely been reported.Methods: HE-stained sections of 351 CRC tumors, which were completely resected, were evaluated for density of TILs. Meanwhile, we evaluated CD3+T lymphocytes and CD20+B lymphocytes by immunochemistry. The relationship of these infiltrating immune cells with clinicopathological features, including schistosomiasis, and clinical outcomes were evaluated and the prognostic roles of TILs in SCRC and NSCRC were explored.Results: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were negatively correlated with tumor size，pathological T stage, lymph node metastasis and number of tumor budding (p＜0.05). CD3 was also inversely associated with tmuor size, tumor budding, pathological T stage (p＜0.05). And CD20 was correlated with colonic perforin (p=0.003). Besides, sTILs were correlated with the density of iTILs，CD3 and CD20 cells (p＜0.05), CD3 and CD20 were correlated with each other (p＜0.05). In the whole cohort, multivariate analysis identified sTILs and CD3 as independent prognostic factors (p < 0.05), but not the CD20. In subgroups，merely CD3 (p=0.012) was independent prognostic factors both in the NSCRC and SCRC set (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The prognostic roles of sTILs, and CD3+ T and CD20+ B cells were different in CRC patients with and without schistosomiasis, suggesting distinguished role in the immune microenvironment in SCRC and NSCRC patients.