bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive management of pregnant woman with Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Gunawan Giovanny Azalia , Ayu Dyah Rahadina Adinda , Prasetyo Budi 
Published: December 2022

HIGHLIGHTS
1. Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that attacks the exocrine glands, especially lacrimal and salivary glands. 2. Comprehensive management of pregnant women with Sjögren’s syndrome was described.3. Clinical and laboratory examination, risk assessment and also preconception counseling before planning pregnancy are needed by women with Sjögren’s syndrome.

ABSTRACT
Objective: To illustrate the comprehensive management of pregnant women with Sjögren syndrome.
Case Report: A 24 years old women came to Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, due to Sjögren syndrome in 35/36 weeks of gestasional age for routine examination. She was first diagnosed with Sjögren syndrome in February 2018 because she complained of dry eyes and hair fall out. This was her first pregnancy. Laboratory result showed positive ANA test. The patient had hypertension with controlled blood preasure and dry eyes. The patient was diagnosed with primigravida 35-36 weeks of pregnancy, single live intrauterine, head presentation, IUGR, screening preeclampsia was positive, and there was complication with Sjögren’s syndrome. The patient was treated by multidisciplinary team consisting of obstetricians, internists, ophthalmologists and neonatologists.
Conclusion: Sjögren’s syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that attacks the exocrine glands, especially lacrimal and salivary glands. The exact cause of Sjögren's syndrome is still not known. Women with Sjögren’s syndrome should have clinical and laboratory examination, risk assessment and also preconception counseling before planning pregnancy because Sjögren syndrome was a rare case during pregnancy. Close monitoring and proper management was imperative to detect the early complication.
Authors: Wahyu Julaiha , Ernawiati Eti , Handayani Tundjung Tripeni , Wahyuningsih Sri 
Published: December 2022

Pisang banyak disukai oleh masyarakat dunia termasuk Indonesia karena memiliki harga yang relatif murah dan kandungan gizi yang baik. Pisang kepok merupakan jenis pisang yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat karena rasanya yang enak dan manis. Kendala yang sering dihadapi dalam budidaya pisang kepok adalah kesulitan dalam penyediaan bibit pisang yang berkualitas dalam waktu yang singkat sehingga diperlukan teknologi alternatif melalui teknik kultur jaringan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang dalam media kultur pada pembentukan planlet pisang kultivar kepok kuning dan mendapatkan informasi ilmiah tentang profil pertumbuhan planlet kepok kuning akibat penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang pada media kultur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium MTC, PT. Great Giant Pineapple PG 4 Labuhan Ratu, Lampung Timur dari bulan Desember 2019 - April 2020 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 10 kali ulangan terdiri dari penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang 10% sebagai perlakuan utama, kolkisin murni 0,1% sebagai kontrol positif, dan tanpa penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang dan kolkisin sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang 10% dalam media kultur menyebabkan pertumbuhan planlet pisang kepok kuning lebih lambat dibandingkan dengan penambahan kolkisin 0,1%, dan pada media dengan penambahan ekstrak umbi kembang sungsang 10% menunjukkan jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas, jumlah akar dan luas daun yang lebih baik daripada media tanpa penambahan, tetapi kolkisin 0,1% tetap menunjukkan hasil yang paling baik.
SIMULATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PROCESSES IN THE WORKING AREA OF SPECIAL DEVICES CONSIDERING THE INFLUENCE OF THE MAGNETIC SCREEN
Authors: Kriachok Oleksandr , Sushko Dmytro 
Published: December 2022

The work is devoted to the creation of a modern web-oriented software platform for designing magnetic systems of special devices and electric machines of new generations that are built on the basis of permanent magnets. To solve the problem of increasing the accuracy of the performed calculations it is necessary to develop new mathematical models that take into account the shielding effect of structural elements on physical processes in electromechanical devices. To obtain mathematical expressions for the calculation of strength components of the magnetic field at given points of piecewise homogeneous space, the method of secondary sources is applied. The studied system is of a generalized design of a magnetic suspension built on the basis of the connected permanent magnets that are facing each other. The entire structure is placed in the shielded housing. Since the electromagnetic system of the device contains parts of a complex shape in its design and has non-linear characteristics of the environment, in order to obtain a mathematical model, an approach is suggested that is based on that a task of calculating the magnetic field for a piecewise homogeneous medium can be formulated in the form systems of Fredholm linear integral equations of the second kind. In accordance with the method of secondary sources, the solution to the field calculation problem is divided into two stages: first the distribution of additional sources is found, the effect of which is equivalent to the influence of a heterogeneous environment on physical processes in work zone, and, at the next stage, based on the principle of superposition of fields, the total magnetic field caused by the presence of primary and secondary sources is calculated. Based on the obtained mathematical model, a calculation algorithm was developed and a web-oriented software system for modeling magnetic field characteristics was created. Using the developed software application, numerical experiments were conducted to simulate the magnetic field in the work zone of an electrical device according to the given electrophysical and geometric design parameters. The proposed approach can be used to solve other similar problems when it is necessary to calculate the characteristics of a system containing permanent magnets in the conditions of a piecewise homogeneous environment.
Deep reinforcement learning identifies personalized intermittent androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer
Authors: Lu Yitao , Chu Qian , Li Zhen , Wang Mengdi , Zhang Qingpeng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The evolution of drug resistance leads to treatment failure and tumor progression. Intermittent androgen deprivation therapy (IADT) helps responsive cancer cells compete with resistant cancer cells in intratumoral competition. However, conventional IADT is population-based and ignores the heterogeneous phenotypes of individual patients. To address this challenge, we developed a time-varied, mixed-effect, and generative Lotka-Volterra (tM-GLV) model to account for the heterogeneity of the evolution mechanism and the pharmacokinetics of individual patients. Then, we proposed a reinforcement learningenabled individualized IADT framework, namely, I2ADT, to learn the patient-specific tumor dynamics and derive the optimal drug administration policy. Experiments with clinical trial data demonstrated that the proposed I2ADT can significantly prolong the time to progression of prostate cancer patients with reduced cumulative drug dosage. This research elucidates the application of reinforcement learning techniques to identify personalized adaptive cancer therapy.
Expanded Program on Immunization Dropout rate and associated factors among children age 12-23 months in harar town, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Yezengaw Telksew Yelma , Ahmed Abdusamed Mohammed 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Immunization dropout is a child who has received at least one dose of trivalent vaccine against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus (DPT) Penta1-Measles/Penta3 but failed to receive his or her third dose to complete the schedule before the five years of age as WHO. Immunization dropout rate was also comparing the number of infants who started the antigen of immunization schedule with the number who received all immunization antigens completely.
Objective: To assess magnitude of immunization dropout rate and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Harar town Eastern Ethiopia 2021.
Methodology: Institution-based study was conducted among children aged of 12-23 months from December to January 2021. in Arategna, Abukar, Jenela and Amir nure health centers Eastern Ethiopia. Data was collected by using a structured questionnaire. And also analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16.0 version. The dropout rate was presented in percentage with 95% Confidence Interval. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was computed to identify associated factors with immunization. The finding was presented in Crude Odds Ratio (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval.
Result: total of four hundred nine (409) children’s data were collected from our study area. Out of 409, about 220 (53.78%) were females and 189 (46.22%) of them were males. The coverage of immunization dropout, and fully vaccination was 9.0%, and 91.0% of children respectively. In this study four major factors like covid 19, lack of community awareness, cultural or religious barriers, and forgotten family for dropout and fully vaccination were identified. Out of all factors, community awareness was more affected immunization dropout followed by culture or religious barriers.
Conclusion: The magnitude of immunization dropout in this study was 9.0%., lack of community awareness, cultural and religious barriers, COVID 19 and family forgotten independently associated for immunization dropout rate.
Interplay between AaMYC2-LIKE and AaMYC2 leads to positive regulation of Artemisinin Biosynthetic Pathway in Artemisia annua
Authors: Majid Ishfaq , M Mohammad , Kumar Amit , Abbas Nazia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Artemisinin-based combination therapies recommended by WHO marks Artemisia annua as the only natural source of artemisinin fighting deadly disease, Malaria. Current research focuses on regulatory mechanism of biosynthetic pathways where transcription factors (TFs) are main elements. TFs enhance the effectiveness of target genes via binding to cis-elements and playing regulatory hub of main pathways in plants.
Results
In this study, we isolated the AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE from Artemisia annua and performed combinatory experiments with respect to the regulation of the Artemisinin biosynthetic pathway. Our results depict that AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE TFs are transcriptionally active, and in co-transformation are responsible for increased units of β-galactosidase in transactivation and β-galactosidase assay as compared to individual transformation in yeast cells. AaMYC2 physically interacts with AaMYC2-LIKE in yeast cells and in the nucleus of onion epidermal cells as shown by Yeast Two-Hybrid and the Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assays. The expression of artemisinin biosynthetic genes and trichome development genes were elevated more in co-transformed transgenic lines of AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE as compared to individual AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE transgenic lines and wildtype. Also an increase in artemisinin content was depicted in co-transformed transgenic lines than individual transgenic lines of AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE while artemisinin content was significantly reduced in AaMYC2-RNAi/AaMYC2-LIKE lines, revealing importance of functional AaMYC2 in the synergistic regulatory role along with AaMYC2-LIKE in the regulation of the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.
Conclusion
Our study confirms that AaMYC2 and AaMYC2-LIKE physically interact and act synergistically with respect to elevation of Artemisinin content by regulating key biosynthetic and trichome development genes in Artemisia annua.
Lessons from COVID-19 pandemic response by a non-government organisation in Bangladesh: Emergence of a framework to guide emergency response in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Authors: Ahmed Tanvir , Musarrat Parsa , Kabir Zarina Nahar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Response to COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh was led by the Government of Bangladesh aided by Non-Government Organisations (NGO) among others. The aim of the study was to explore the activities of such an NGO to understand the philosophy, aspiration and strategy to plan and implement an effective response to COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.
Methods
A case study of a Bangladeshi NGO called SAJIDA Foundation (SF) is presented. From September to November 2021, using document review, field observation and in-depth interviews, four aspects of their COVID-19 pandemic related activities was explored – a) why and how SF initiated their COVID response; b) what adaptations were made to their usual programmes; c) how SF’s response to COVID-19 were designed and what were the anticipated challenges including overcoming measures; and d) perception of the staff about SF’s activities related to COVID-19. Fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted with three groups of SF staff: frontliners, managers and leaders.
Result
The impact of COVID-19 has been beyond health emergencies and posed multidimensional challenges. SF took a two-pronged approach – aid the government to respond to the emergency and adopt an all-inclusive plan to address diverse challenges related to overall well-being of the population. The underlying strategy of their response has been to: define the challenge of COVID-19 and identify required expertise and resources, ensure people’s health and social wellbeing, adjust existing organisational processes, ensure functional partnership with other organisations for effective resource and task sharing, and safeguard health and wellbeing of the organisation’s own employees.
Conclusion
The findings suggest a ‘4C framework’ including four components as the basis of a comprehensive response to emergencies by NGOs: 1. Capability assessment to identify who are in need and what is needed; 2. Collaboration with stakeholders to pool resources and expertise; 3. Compassionate leadership to ensure health and social safety of the employees which ensures their dedication in managing the emergency; and 4. Communication for quick and effective decision making, decentralisation, monitoring and coordination. It is expected that this ‘4C framework’ can help NGOs to embark on a comprehensive response to manage emergencies in resource constrained low- and middle-income countries.
Effect of Saw dust and Different types of Organic waste in Composting
Authors: parihar parveen , Choudhary Rakesh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Presented study aims to find out the solution for reducing the time duration of composting by adding sawdust as a bulking agent. For the study, four different types of organic waste were put for windrow composting separately. Different factors which affect the process were monitored. The effect of sawdust addition as a bulking agent was observed and analyzed. Four composts were obtained from four piles after 3 months. It was seen that sawdust is effective in accelerating the decomposition of organic matter and reduces the emission of nuisance odor because of the harmful gases. It also balances different factors which affect composting. Out of four types of organic waste used, fruit waste needed min. time to convert into product compost. It is concluded that to make composting more accessible in use its time duration can be reduced by adding the bulking agent. In our study, we used sawdust as the bulking agent which is quite effective in reducing composting time duration. Fruits waste is the most easily available waste and needs less time to convert into compost.
Blood lead (Pb) is associated with lung fibrotic changes in non-smokers living in the vicinity of petrochemical complex: a population-based study
Authors: Yau Wei Hoong , Chen Szu-Chia , Wu Da-Wei , Chen Huang‐Chi , Lin Hung-Hsun , Wang Chih-Wen , Hung Chih-Hsing , Kuo Chao-Hung 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background:
Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal that was used in many industrial processes and it does not go away over time and remains in the environment. This makes human exposure to lead and the poisonous effects of lead may affect our organ of body. We wonder whether lead which intake from inhalation, ingestion, and skin could do harm to our respiratory system and ultimately induce lung fibrosis.
Methods:
This study examines the blood lead levels from each of the participants who lived more than two years in Dalinpu and older than 20 years old from 2016 to 2018 in Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital. The blood samples were analyzed for lead levels by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. LDCT (Low-Dose computed tomography) scans were performed and were interpreted by experienced radiologists. Blood lead levels were categorized into quartiles (Q1: ≤1.10; Q2: >1.11 and ≤ 1.60; Q3: >1.61 and ≤2.30, and Q4: >2.31 µg/dL).
Results:
Individuals with lung fibrotic changes had significantly higher (mean ± SD) blood lead levels (1.88±1.27vs. 1.72±1.53 µg/dl, p< 0.001) than those with non-lung fibrotic changes. In multivariate analysis, we found that the highest quartile (Q4: >2.31 µg/dL) lead levels (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01-1.81; p= 0.045) and the higher quartile (Q3: >1.61 and ≤2.30 µg/dL) (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.01-1.73; p= 0.045) was significantly associated with lung fibrotic changes compared with the lowest quartile (Q1: ≤1.10 µg/dL). The dose-response trend was significant (Ptrend= 0.037).
Conclusions:
Lead exposure was significantly associated lung fibrotic change. The blood lead level should be lower than current reference value to prevent lung toxicity.
Demographics, clinical presentation and risk factors of ocular surface squamous neoplasia at a tertiary hospital, South Africa
Authors: Hollhumer Roland , Williams Susan , Michelow Pamela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aims
The aim of this study is to describe the demographic, presenting features and associated risk factors of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) at a tertiary eye hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Methods
An interventional prospective study of patients presenting with conjunctival masses was conducted. An electronic questionnaire was completed to document demographic data, presenting history, and associated risk factors. A slit lamp examination and photos were used to document and describe the clinical features at presentation. Cases (OSSN) and controls (benign lesions) were determined by histology.
Results
There were 130 cases and 45 controls. Median age was 44 years (IQR: 35–51) with an equal gender distribution in cases. The prevalence of HIV in cases was 74% and was strongly associated with OSSN (p < 0.001). Vascularisation, leukoplakia and pigmentation were clinical features that distinguished cases from controls. A fibrovascular morphology was strongly associated with a benign histology (p < 0.001), whereas leukoplakic and gelatinous morphologies were associated with OSSN. Conjunctival intra-epithelial neoplasia made up 82% of cases.
Conclusion
Our study describes a sample of OSSN that is young and has no gender predisposition. The majority of cases presented with CIN lesions, rather than SCC reported in other African countries. HIV was the most significant risk factor in this study population.
Pay-it-forward to increase testing for hepatitis B and C: a community-led randomized controlled trial in China
Authors: Tang Weiming , Zhang Ye , Li Jianjun , Xie Yewei , Wu Dan , Ong Jason , Marley Gifty , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Lu Haidong , Zou Fei , Smith Jennifer , Tucker Joseph , Geng-Feng Fu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing rates remain low in China, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). Pay-it-forward involves having a person receive a free test with community-generated messages and then asks if those who received a free test would like to donate money or test to support subsequent other people to also receive free testing. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of a pay-it-forward strategy with active community participation to promote HBV and HCV testing among MSM in China. We undertook a two-arm superiority cluster-randomized trial led by MSM community-based organizations in two cities in the Jiangsu Province, China. As part of the intervention, MSM peers were actively involved in planning and leading the trial. Enrolled MSM were randomized to the pay-it-forward (intervention) and standard-of-care (control) arms in groups of ten. Men randomized to the pay-it-forward arm received free HBV and HCV testing and were offered a chance to pay-it-forward by donating money to support the testing of another anonymous person. In the standard-of-care arm, each participant paid for their HCV and HBsAg antibody rapid test at US $7.7/test. Only the staff who performed data analyses were blinded. The primary outcome was the proportion of men tested for HBV and HCV. We pre-specified sub-analyses based on substance use, risky sexual behaviors, and people older than 30 years. The trial was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR 2100046140). Between March and October 2021, 322 MSM were randomized to the pay-it-forward (n=160) and standard-of-care (n=162) arms. HBV and HCV rapid testing was notably higher in the pay-it-forward arm (59.4%) than in the standard-of-care arm (25.3%) (proportion difference (PD) 34.4%, 95% CI lower bound 26.9%). Sub-analyses demonstrated that the pay-it-forward intervention was effective among people who use substances, people with risky sexual behaviors, and older individuals. Among men in the pay-it-forward arm, 101/160 (63%) donated some amount to future participants, and the total donation amount covered over half (68%) of the test cost in the pay-it-forward arm. Economic evaluation found that the pay-it-forward model was cheaper than the standard of care, considering economic or financial costs per person tested. The pay-it-forward approach improved HBV and HCV testing among an at-risk populations in a resource-constrained environment. Pay-it-forward model appeared to be managed successfully in a real-world setting, especially as a part of community-led efforts to reach higher-risk populations.
Labor Market Costs for Long-Term Family Caregivers. The situation of caregivers of persons with spinal cord injury in Switzerland
Authors: Ruoss Monica , Brach Mirjam , Barzallo Diana Pacheco 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Family members are key in the provision of care to persons facing disability. To undertake the role as caregivers, they face many costs, being the setback in the labor market one of the most relevant.
Methods
We analyze comprehensive data from long-term family caregivers of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) in Switzerland. Using information about their working situation before and after becoming caregivers, we estimated the reduction in working hours and the associated income loss.
Results
On average, family caregivers reduced their working hours by about 23% (8.4 hours per week), which has a monetary value of CHF 970 per month (EUR 845). Women, older caregivers, and less educated caregivers have a much higher opportunity cost in the labor market. In contrast, family members who care for a person that works have a much lower impact on their working status. Interestingly, the reduction in their working time is only a third of the extra work they face as caregivers.
Conclusion
Health and social systems rely on the unpaid work of family caregivers. To guarantee their long-term involvement, family caregivers need to be recognized for their work and potentially compensated. Without family caregivers, it is very unlikely societies can cope with the increasing need for care, as professional services are limited and expensive.