bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using machine learning to predict individual patient toxicities from cancer treatments
Authors: Cole Katherine Marie , Clemons Mark , McGee Sharon , Alzahrani Mashari , Larocque Gail , MacDonald Fiona , Liu Michelle , Pond Gregory R. , Mosquera Lucy , Vandermeer Lisa , Hutton Brian , Piper Ardelle , Fernandes Ricardo , Emam Khaled El 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Machine learning (ML) is a powerful tool for interrogating datasets and learning relationships between multiple variables. We utilized a ML model to identify those early breast cancer (EBC) patients at highest risk of developing severe vasomotor symptoms (VMS).

Methods
A gradient boosted decision model utilizing cross-sectional survey data from 360 EBC patients was created. Seventeen patient- and treatment-specific variables were considered in the model. The outcome variable was based on the Hot Flush Night Sweats (HFNS) Problem Rating Score, and individual scores were dichotomized around the median to indicate individuals with high and low problem scores. Model accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operating curve, and conditional partial dependence plots were constructed to illustrate relationships between variables and the outcome of interest.

Results
The model area under the ROC curve was 0.731 (SD 0.074). The most important variables in the model were as follows: the number of hot flashes per week, age, the prescription, or use of drug interventions to manage VMS, whether patients were asked about VMS in routine follow-up visits, and the presence or absence of changes to breast cancer treatments due to VMS. A threshold of 17 hot flashes per week was identified as being more predictive of severe VMS. Patients between the ages of 49 and 63 were more likely to report severe symptoms.

Conclusion
Machine learning is a unique tool for predicting severe VMS. The use of ML to assess other treatment-related toxicities and their management requires further study.
Patient-caregiver communication concordance in cancer—refinement of the Cancer Communication Assessment Tool in an Australian sample
Authors: Michael Natasha , Gorelik Alex , Georgousopoulou Ekavi , Sulistio Merlina , Tee Patrick , Hauser Katherine , Kissane David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to expand the international psychometric validation of the Cancer Communication Assessment Tool for Patients and Families (CCAT-PF) within a sample of Australian cancer patients.

Methods
Survey data from 181 cancer patient-caregiver dyads ≥ 18 years of age with solid or haematological cancers were analysed (85.4% response rate). Spearman’s rho was used to examine the correlation between CCAT-P and CCAT-F scores and weighted kappa the agreement between them. Exploratory factor analysis using scree plot and Kaiser-Guttman criteria was conducted to evaluate the scale structure. Cronbach’s α and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to measure internal consistency and concurrent validity respectively.

Results
Mean scores were the following: CCAT-P 46.2 (9.8), CCAT-F 45.7 (9.4), and CCAT-PF 24.1 (8.0). We confirmed the poor concordance between patient and caregiver reporting of items in the CCAT-PF, with all but two items having weighted kappa values < 0.20 and Spearman’s rho < 0.19. We derived a three-factor solution, disclosure, limitation of treatment, and treatment decision making, with reliability ranging from Cronbach’s α = 0.43–0.53. The CCAT-P and CCAT-F showed strong correlations with preparation for decision-making (CCAT-P: r = 0.0.92; CCATF: r = 0.0.93) but were weakly associated with patient/caregiver distress related with having difficult conversations on future care planning.

Conclusion
Preliminary validation of the CCAT-PF in the Australian setting has shown some similar psychometric properties to previously published studies, further supporting its potential utility as a tool to assess patient-caregiver dyadic communication.

Trial registration
ACTRN12620001035910 12/10/2020 retrospectively registered.
Introducing Tree-Based-Regression Models for Prediction of Hard Rock TBM Performance with Consideration of Rock Type
Authors: Salimi Alireza , Rostami Jamal , Moormann Christian , Hassanpour Jafar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrediction of machine performance is a fundamental step for planning, cost estimation/control and selection of the machine type when using a tunnel boring machine (TBM). Penetration rate (PR) and machine utilization (U) are the two principal measures of TBM performance for evaluating the feasibility of using a machine in a given ground condition. However, despite the widespread use of TBMs and established track records, accurate estimation of machine performance could still be a challenge, particularly in complex geological conditions. Since different types of rocks have varied texture (cementation and grain size), and respond differently to cutting forces in the TBM tunnelling, incorporating the effects of rock type in performance prediction models can improve the accuracy of the estimates. The aim of this study was to develop models for predicting penetration rate of hard rock TBMs in different types of rock based on field penetration index (FPI), using multivariable regression analysis and machine learning algorithm, including classification and regression tree (CART). The proposed models offer estimated FPIs in different rock types, rock strength, and rock mass properties in the form of graphs (diagrams), which can be used to estimate TBM penetration rate. The proposed models have been developed based on the analysis of a comprehensive database of TBM performance in various rock types and offers more accurate estimates of machine performance by incorporating many of the key parameters available in typical geotechnical reports and contract documents. The models also exhibit sensitivity to rock mass parameters for predicting the penetration rate.
Effects of sulphur amino acids on the size and structure of microbial communities of aerobic granular sludge bioreactors
Authors: Rosa-Masegosa Aurora , Perez-Bou Lizandra , Muñoz-Palazon Barbara , Monteoliva-García Antonio , Gonzalez-Martinez Alejandro , Gonzalez-Lopez Jesus , Correa-Galeote David 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGranular activated sludge has been described as a promising tool in treating wastewater. However, the effect of high concentrations of sulphur amino acids, cysteine and methionine, in the evolution, development and stability of AGS-SBRs (aerobic granular sludge in sequential batch reactors) and their microbial communities is not well-established. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate microbial communities' size, structure and dynamics in two AGS-SBRs fed with two different concentrations of amino acids (50 and 100 mg L−1 of both amino acids). In addition, the impact of the higher level of amino acids was also determined under an acclimatization or shock strategy. While N removal efficiency decreased with amino acids, the removal of the organic matter was generally satisfactory. Moreover, the abrupt presence of both amino acids reduced even further the removal performance of N, whereas under progressive adaptation, the removal yield was higher. Besides, excellent removal rates of cysteine and methionine elimination were found, in all stages below 80% of the influent values. Generally considered, the addition of amino acids weakly impacts the microbial communities' total abundances. On the contrary, the presence of amino acids sharply modulated the dominant bacterial structures. Furthermore, the highest amino acid concentration under the shock strategy resulted in a severe change in the structure of the microbial community. Acidovorax, Flavobacterium, Methylophilus, Stenotrophomonas and Thauera stood out as the prominent bacteria to cope with the high presence of cysteine and methionine. Hence, the AGS-SBR technology is valuable for treating influents enriched in sulphur Aa inclusively when a shock strategy was used.
Particle number conservation and block structures in matrix product states
Authors: Bachmayr Markus , Götte Michael , Pfeffer Max 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe eigenvectors of the particle number operator in second quantization are characterized by the block sparsity of their matrix product state representations. This is shown to generalize to other classes of operators. Imposing block sparsity yields a scheme for conserving the particle number that is commonly used in applications in physics. Operations on such block structures, their rank truncation, and implications for numerical algorithms are discussed. Explicit and rank-reduced matrix product operator representations of one- and two-particle operators are constructed that operate only on the non-zero blocks of matrix product states.
True infection or contamination in patients with positive Cutibacterium blood cultures—a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Boman Jolin , Nilson Bo , Sunnerhagen Torgny , Rasmussen Magnus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCutibacterium is a genus often considered a contaminant when present in blood cultures, but it can also cause severe infections, especially related to implanted foreign materials. We investigated the incidence and features of patients with true Cutibacterium infection. Patients with positive Cutibacterium blood cultures between the years 2015–2020 in southern Sweden were identified through microbiology records and medical records were studied retrospectively. Cutibacterium isolates were species determined using MALDI-TOF MS. Patients were classified as having true infection or contamination according to a definition considering both clinical and microbiological features and these groups were compared. A total of 313 episodes of positive Cutibacterium blood cultures were identified in 312 patients. Of these, 49 (16%, corresponding to an incidence of 6 cases per million inhabitants per year) were classified as true infections. The most common species was Cutibacterium acnes (87%), and the majority were elderly men with comorbidities. Patients with true Cutibacterium infection often had an unknown focus of infection (n = 21) or a focus in the respiratory tract (n = 18). We identified one episode of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt infection, three episodes of aortic stent-graft infection, and one episode of infective endocarditis. Two patients, where Cutibacterium was isolated at the site of infection, had only one positive blood culture. The finding of positive Cutibacterium blood cultures should not always be considered contamination. Definitions of true Cutibacterium bacteremia with a demand that more than one blood culture must be positive may miss true infections.
Asymptotic Behavior of $3D$ Unstable Structures Made of Beams
Authors: Griso Georges , Khilkova Larysa , Orlik Julia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn our previous papers (Griso et al. in J. Elast. 141:181–225, 2020; J. Elast., 2021,https://doi.org/10.1007/s10659-021-09816-w), we considered thick periodic structures (first paper) and thin stable periodic structures (second paper) made of small cylinders (length of order$\varepsilon $εand cross-sections of radius$r$r). In the first paper$r=\kappa \varepsilon $r=κεwith$\kappa $κa fixed constant,$\varepsilon \to 0$ε→0, while in the second$\varepsilon \to 0$ε→0and${r/ \varepsilon }\to 0$r/ε→0. In this paper, our aim is to give the asymptotic behavior of thin periodic unstable structures, when$\varepsilon \to 0$ε→0,${r/ \varepsilon }\to 0$r/ε→0and$\varepsilon ^{2}/ r\to 0$ε2/r→0.Our analysis is again based on decompositions of displacements. As for stable periodic structures, Korn type inequalities are proved. Several classes of unstable and auxetic structures are introduced. The unfolding and limit homogenized problems are really different of those obtained for the thin stable periodic structures. The limit homogenized operators are anisotropic, the spaces containing the macroscopic limit displacements depend on the periodicity cells. It was not the case in the two previous studies. Some examples are given.
Genomic identification and phenotypic evaluation of yield traits and bacterial wilt resistance in high oleic peanut breeding lines developed by marker assisted backcrossing
Authors: Fang Yuanjin , Liu Hua , Zhang Zhongxin , Qi Feiyan , Chen Qingzheng , Liu Haidong , Wan Liyun , Wang Xiao , Tian Mengdi , Lv Dengyu , Sun Ziqi , Dong Wenzhao , Huang Bingyan , Zhang Xinyou 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe peanut rich in oleic acid in seed oil, also known as high oleic peanut, renders its products superior in human healthy diet, long shelf life and high oxidative stability in food and oil processing. High oleic peanut varieties in China are derived from a handful of high oleic donors with limited genetic background. Improvement of high oleic peanut cultivars by integrating key target traits is crucial for both food security and germplasm enhancement. Several superior high oleic peanut lines have been developed by marker assisted backcrossing in our breeding program. The objective of present study is to characterize bacterial wilt disease resistance and yield related traits in these novel peanut lines. The two-year disease nursery survival rates were used as an indicator for bacterial wilt resistance, and the diagnostic markers identified by QTL mapping were used for molecular verification. Genetic background of high oleic peanut lines was estimated by 40 K genotyping by target sequencing (GBTS) SNP panel. Preliminary and regional yield tests were performed for selected breeding lines in 2021. As a result, an elite high oleic peanut accession Yuhua183 was identified, inheriting the superior characteristics of its recurrent parent such as resistance to bacterial wilt, high shelling percentage and early maturity. The development of Yuhua183 broadened the genetic background of high oleic peanut germplasm, providing valuable genetic resources for peanut breeding and further utilization.
Reversing Kia Motors Head Unit to discover and exploit software vulnerabilities
Authors: Costantino Gianpiero , Matteucci Ilaria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractModern vehicles resemble four-wheels computers connected to the Internet via their In-Vehicle Infotainment (IVI) systems. As with PCs in the past, cars, being connected to the Internet can be potentially vulnerable. The IVI system of a car is part of the intra-vehicle network and can be the entry-point of offensive cybersecurity attacks. The intra-vehicle network, based on the CAN protocol, is vulnerable by design: messages are exchanged in clear. Thus, the uncontrolled access to the CAN bus may have serious impact on the vehicle itself and its passengers. In this paper, we present a vulnerability assessment, through a reverse engineering process, of Kia vehicles IVI system. In particular, we focused on reverse engineer the Kia IVI system to discover vulnerabilities that may allow an attacker to compromise the IVI functionalities and inject CAN frames into the CAN bus to alter the behaviour of (part of) the vehicle. By reverse engineering the IVI, we identified four important vulnerabilities that affect all Kia vehicles that embed the studied IVI. Finally, we show how an attacker can easily control the IVI and inject CAN bus frames by means of a Metasploit module that we wrote.
Exploring the multidimensional relationships between social media support, social confidence, perceived media credibility and life attitude during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pan Xiaoquan , Luo Yiqun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPrevious literature mainly focuses on the impact of social media support on social trust, emotional effect and life attitude, and affirmed the social governance value of social media support. However, the multidimensional relationship between social media support and social confidence, perceived media credibility and life attitude during the COVID-19 pandemic is an important, yet less explored, research issue. The present research aimed to fill in this gap by a survey of 1343 participants who are permanent residents aged 18 and above in a city through WeChat social networking platform. The results showed that: (1) social media support exerted direct influence on social confidence, perceived media credibility and life attitude; (2) perceived media credibility positively influenced social confidence; (3) social media support not only directly promoted social confidence, but also indirectly influenced social confidence through public’s perceived media credibility. These findings suggested that strengthening social media support during the COVID-19 pandemic is not only helpful to reconstitute the public’s confidence in prevailing against the pandemic, but also is able to help promote the diversification of the power of public network autonomy. This study highlighted social media support as an effective path to improve the ability of social governance.
Ipsilateral and contralateral warnings: effects on decision-making and eye movements in near-collision scenarios
Authors: de Winter Joost , Hu Jimmy , Petermeijer Bastiaan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCars are increasingly capable of providing drivers with warnings and advice. However, whether drivers should be provided with ipsilateral warnings (signaling the direction to steer towards) or contralateral warnings (signaling the direction to avoid) is inconclusive. Furthermore, how auditory warnings and visual information from the driving environment together contribute to drivers’ responses is relatively unexplored. In this study, 34 participants were presented with animated video clips of traffic situations on a three-lane road, while their eye movements were recorded with an eye-tracker. The videos ended with a near collision in front after 1, 3, or 6 s, while either the left or the right lane was safe to swerve into. Participants were instructed to make safe lane-change decisions by pressing the left or right arrow key. Upon the start of each video, participants heard a warning: Go Left/Right (ipsilateral), Danger Left/Right (contralateral), and nondirectional beeps (Baseline), emitted from the spatially corresponding left and right speakers. The results showed no significant differences in response times and accuracy between ipsilateral and contralateral warnings, although participants rated ipsilateral warnings as more satisfactory. Ipsilateral and contralateral warnings both improved response times in situations in which the left/right hazard was not yet manifest or was poorly visible. Participants fixated on salient and relevant vehicles as quickly as 220 ms after the trial started, with no significant differences between the audio types. In conclusion, directional warnings can aid in making a correct left/right evasive decision while not affecting the visual attention distribution.
The critical fractional Ambrosetti–Prodi problem
Authors: Ambrosio Vincenzo , Isernia Teresa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we focus on the following nonlocal problem with critical growth: $$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} (-\Delta )^{s} u = \lambda u + u_{+}^{2^{*}_{s}-1} + f(x) &{} \text{ in } \Omega ,\\ u=0 &{} \text{ in } \mathbb {R}^{N}\setminus \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

u
=
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+

u

+

2
s

∗

-
1

+
f

(
x
)

in

Ω
,

u
=
0

in

R

N

\
Ω
,

where $$s\in (0, 1)$$

s
∈
(
0
,
1
)

, $$N>2s$$

N
>
2
s

, $$\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^{N}$$

Ω
⊂

R

N

is a smooth bounded domain, $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

, $$(-\Delta )^{s}$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

is the fractional Laplacian, $$f= te_{1}+h$$

f
=
t

e
1

+
h

where $$t\in \mathbb {R}$$

t
∈
R

, $$e_{1}$$

e
1

is the first eigenfunction of $$(-\Delta )^{s}$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary datum, and $$h\in L^{\infty }(\Omega )$$

h
∈

L
∞

(
Ω
)

is such that $$\int _{\Omega } h e_{1}\, dx=0$$

∫
Ω

h

e
1

d
x
=
0

. According to the interaction of the nonlinear term with the spectrum of $$(-\Delta )^{s}$$

(
-
Δ
)

s

, we establish some existence and multiplicity results for the above problem by means of variational methods.
Assessing the Activity of Antimicrobial Peptides Against Common Marine Bacteria Located in Rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) Cultures
Authors: Woods Chelsea , Woolley Lindsey , Partridge Gavin , Chen Mengqi , Haney Evan F. , Hancock Robert E. W. , Buller Nicky , Currie Andrew 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRotifers are used as the first feed for marine fish larvae and are grown in large cultures that have high loads of organic matter and heterotrophic bacteria; these bacteria are passed on to the developing fish larvae and can potentially lead to bacterial infections. A modified minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) protocol for antimicrobial peptides was used to determine the potency of ten antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in artificial seawater relevant to a rotifer culture (salinity of 25‰) against common marine pathogens. All of the AMPs had antimicrobial activity against the bacterial isolates when the salt concentration was approximately zero. However, in high salt concentrations, the majority of the AMPs had an MIC value greater than 65 µg mL−1 in artificial seawater (25‰). The only exceptions were 2009 (32.5 µg mL−1) and 3002 (32.5 µg mL−1) against Vibrio rotiferianus and Tenacibaculum discolor, respectively. The selected synthetic AMPs were not effective at reducing the bacterial load in brackish salt concentrations of a typical commercial rotifer culture (25‰).
Prognostic implications of PPL expression in ovarian cancer
Authors: Hua Tian , Zhao Bei-bei , Fan Shao-bei , Zhao Cai-fen , Kong Yun-hong , Tian Rui-qing , Zhang Bao-ying 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPeriplakin (PPL) is a main member in plakin family, which plays important role in cellular adhesion complexes supporting and cytoskeletal integrity supplying. PPL was reported to be a potential biomarker candidate for several types of cancers. However, the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of PPL in ovarian cancer (OV) remain unclear. In the present study, we used GEPIA 2, Human Protein Atlas, Oncomine, LinkedOmics, Kaplan–Meier Plotter, STRING, CytoHubba plug-in and TIMER to determine the associations among PPL expression, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in OV. RT-qPCR and IHC analysis were conducted to validated the role of PPL in an independent OV cohort. Compared with the normal ovary tissues, the levels of PPL mRNA and protein expression were both obviously higher in OV tumors from multiple datasets (P < 0.05), and a poor survival was observed to be strongly correlated with high PPL expression (P < 0.05). Moreover, the results were further validated by RT-qPCR and IHC analysis in an independent OV cohort. A gene-clinical nomogram was constructed, including PPL mRNA expression and clinical factors in TCGA. Functional network analysis suggested that PPL participates in the important pathways like Wnt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway. Ten hub genes (LAMC2, PXN, LAMA3, LAMB3, LAMA5, ITGA3, TLN1, ACTN4, ACTN1, and ITGB4) were identified to be positively associated with PPL. Furthermore, PPL expression was negatively correlated with infiltrating levels of CD4+ T cell, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. In conclusion, PPL may be an unfavorable prognostic biomarker candidate in OV, which was also correlated with immune infiltrating and function in immunotherapy response.