bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Ocular Tracking and Cortical Atrophy in Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhou Liche , Jiang Chao , Chen Zhichun , Zhang Lina , Zhou Haiyan , Kang Wenyan , Jiang Xufeng , Li Yuanyuan , Luo Ningdi , Yao Mengsha , Niu Mengyue , Chen Shengdi , Zuo Xi‐Nian , Li Li , Liu Jun 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIdiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a prodromal stage of synucleinopathies. Patients with synucleinopathies frequently display eye movement abnormalities. However, whether patients with iRBD have eye movement abnormalities remains unknown.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess eye movement abnormalities and related gray matter alterations and explore whether such abnormalities can serve as biomarkers to indicate phenoconversion to synucleinopathies in iRBD.MethodsForty patients with iRBD with early disease progression and 35 healthy control subjects participated in a 15‐minute ocular‐tracking task that evaluated their control of eye movement abilities. They also underwent clinical assessments for olfactory function, nonmotor symptoms, and autonomic symptoms, all of which are biomarkers to predict phenoconversion to synucleinopathies in iRBD. A subgroup of the participants (20 patients with iRBD and 20 healthy control subjects) also participated in structural magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsThe ocular‐tracking ability in patients with iRBD was inferior to that of healthy control subjects in two aspects: pursuit initiation and steady‐state tracking. Cortical thinning in the right visual area V4 in patients with iRBD is coupled with impaired pursuit initiation. Furthermore, prolonged pursuit initiation in patients with iRBD exhibits a trend of correlation with olfactory loss, the earliest biomarker that develops prior to other prodromal biomarkers.ConclusionsWe found ocular‐tracking abnormalities in patients with iRBD even early in their disease progression that have not been reported before. These abnormalities are coupled with atrophy of brain areas involved in the perception of object motion and might indicate phenoconversion to synucleinopathies in iRBD. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
GBA and APOE Impact Cognitive Decline in Parkinson's Disease: A 10‐Year Population‐Based Study
Authors: Szwedo Aleksandra A. , Dalen Ingvild , Pedersen Kenn Freddy , Camacho Marta , Bäckström David , Forsgren Lars , Tzoulis Charalampos , Winder‐Rhodes Sophie , Hudson Gavin , Liu Ganqiang , Scherzer Clemens R. , Lawson Rachael A. , Yarnall Alison J. , Williams‐Gray Caroline H. , Macleod Angus D. , Counsell Carl E. , Tysnes Ole‐Bjørn , Alves Guido , Maple‐Grødem Jodi ,   Parkinson's Incidence Cohorts Collaboration
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommon genetic variance in apolipoprotein E (APOE), β‐glucocerebrosidase (GBA), microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT), and α‐synuclein (SNCA) has been linked to cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD), although studies have yielded mixed results.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of genetic variants in APOE, GBA, MAPT, and SNCA on cognitive decline and risk of dementia in a pooled analysis of six longitudinal, non‐selective, population‐based cohorts of newly diagnosed PD patients.Methods1002 PD patients, followed for up to 10 years (median 7.2 years), were genotyped for at least one of APOE‐ε4, GBA mutations, MAPT H1/H2, or SNCA rs356219. We evaluated the effect of genotype on the rate of cognitive decline (Mini‐Mental State Examanation, MMSE) using linear mixed models and the development of dementia (diagnosed using standardized criteria) using Cox regression; multiple comparisons were accounted for using Benjamini−Hochberg corrections.ResultsCarriers of APOE‐ε4 (n = 281, 29.7%) and GBA mutations (n = 100, 10.3%) had faster cognitive decline and were at higher risk of progression to dementia (APOE‐ε4, HR 3.57, P < 0.001; GBA mutations, HR 1.76, P = 0.001) than non‐carriers. The risk of cognitive decline and dementia (HR 5.19, P < 0.001) was further increased in carriers of both risk genotypes (n = 23). No significant effects were observed for MAPT or SNCA rs356219.ConclusionsGBA and APOE genotyping could improve the prediction of cognitive decline in PD, which is important to inform the clinical trial selection and potentially to enable personalized treatment © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Diets Containing Egg or Whey Protein and Inulin Fiber Improve Energy Balance and Modulate Gut Microbiota in Exercising Obese Rats
Authors: Avirineni Bharath S. , Singh Arashdeep , Zapata Rizaldy C. , Stevens Richard D. , Phillips Caleb D. , Chelikani Prasanth K. 
Published: February 2022

ScopeDietary protein, prebiotic fiber, and exercise individually have been shown to aid in weight loss; however less is known of their combined effects on energy balance. The effects of diets high in protein and fiber, with exercise, on energy balance, hormones, and gut microbiota, were determined.Methods and ResultsObese male rats were fed high‐fat diets with high protein and fiber contents from egg protein and cellulose, egg protein and inulin, whey protein and cellulose, or whey protein and inulin, together with treadmill exercise. We found that inulin enriched diets decreased energy intake and respiratory quotient (RQ), increased energy expenditure (EE), and upregulated transcripts for cholecystokinin (CCK), peptide YY, and proglucagon in distal gut. Notably, CCK1‐receptor blockade attenuated the hypophagic effects of diets and in particular whey‐inulin diet, and β‐adrenergic blockade reduced EE across all diets. Egg‐cellulose, egg‐inulin, and whey‐inulin diets decreased weight gain, adiposity, and hepatic lipidosis; decreased lipogenic transcripts, improved glycemic control, and upregulated hepatic glucose metabolism transcripts; and decreased plasma insulin and leptin. Importantly, diet was linked to altered gut microbial composition and plasma metabolomics, and a subset of predicted metagenome pathways and plasma metabolites significantly correlated, with plasma butyric acid the most strongly associated to metagenome function.ConclusionCombination of dietary egg or whey protein with inulin and exercise improved energy balance, glucose metabolism, upregulated anorectic hormones, and selectively modulated gut microbiota and plasma metabolites.
Curcumin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium‐Induced Colitis in Mice Through Regulating Gut Microbiota
Authors: Guo Xiaoxuan , Xu Ye , Geng Ruixuan , Qiu Jing , He Xiaoyun 
Published: February 2022

ScopeCurcumin is a natural polyphenol compound with multiple pharmacologic activities. The present study aims to explore the potential therapeutic properties of curcumin on intestinal inflammatory diseases, including its anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti‐apoptotic properties, as well as their associations with altered intestinal microbiome.Methods and ResultsDSS, i.e., Dextran Sulfate Sodium, (3%) is administered to C57BL/6J mice in the drinking water daily for 6 days in DSS and curcumin groups. Then, mice in curcumin groups are orally administered with 50 or 150 mg kg‐1 curcumin for 7 days. On day 13, mice are sacrificed. Results show that oral administration with curcumin relieves macroscopic pathological manifestations, e.g., colon length and histological change. Moreover, it enhances intestinal barrier via increasing expression of tight junction proteins, e.g., occludin, ZO‐1, claudin‐3; alleviates DSS‐induced intestinal apoptosis via suppressing caspase‐3 pathway; mitigates intestinal inflammation via inhibiting the MAPK/NFκB/STAT3 pathway. It is also noticed that curcumin is beneficial for modulating abundance of some specific bacteria, including Akkermansia, Coprococcus, Roseburia, and Turicibacter, as well as families such as F16, Enterococcaceae, and Aerococcaceae. Most of the altered bacteria by curcumin are highly correlated with colitis‐associated parameters.ConclusionCurcumin shows therapeutic potential against colitis. It may be served as an alternative medicine or adjuvant therapy in the treatment of colitis.
Technical note: Low clinical efficacy, but good acceptability of a point‐of‐care electronic palpation device for breast cancer screening for a lower middle‐income environment
Authors: Valdez Dustin , Cruz Teofila , Rania Stephanie , Badowski Grazyna , Cassel Kevin , Wolfgruber Thomas , Grosskreutz Scott , Dulana Louis J. , Adonay Roy , Maskarinec Gertraud , Shepherd John A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLate‐stage breast cancer rates in the Pacific where mammography services are limited are exceedingly high: Marshall Islands (61%), Palau (94%), and Samoa (79%). Due to the limited medical resources in these areas an alternative accessible technology is needed. The iBreast Exam (iBE) is a point‐of‐care electronic palpitation device that has a reported sensitivity of 86%. However, little is known about the performance and acceptability of this device for women in the Pacific.MethodsA total of 39 women (ages 42–73 years) were recruited in Guam with 19 women having a mammogram requiring biopsy (Breast Imaging‐Reporting and Data System [BI‐RADS] category 4 or above) and 20 women with a negative screening mammogram before the study visit. Participants received an iBE exam and completed a 26‐item breast health questionnaire to evaluate the iBE. Furthermore, the performance characteristics of the iBE were tested using gelatin breast phantoms in terms of tumor size, tumor depth, and overall breast stiffness.ResultsThe iBE had a sensitivity of 20% (two true positives to eight false negatives) and specificity of 92% (24 false positives to 278 true negatives) when analyzed based on the location of the tumor by quadrant. The iBE also had generally poor agreement according to a Cohen's kappa value of 0.068. The phantom experiments showed that the iBE can detect tumors as deep as 2.5 cm, but only if the lesion is greater than 8 mm in diameter. However, the iBE did demonstrate acceptability; 67% of the women reported that they had high trust in iBE as an early detection device.ConclusionsThe iBE had generally poor sensitivity and specificity when tested in a clinical setting which does not allow its use as a screening tool.ImpactThis study demonstrates the need for an alternative screening method other than electronic palpation for lower‐middle‐income areas.
Association between eating balanced meals and depressive symptoms in Japanese hospital workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Miki Takako , Yamamoto Shohei , Fukunaga Ami , Inoue Yosuke , Ishiwari Hironori , Ishii Masamichi , Miyo Kengo , Konishi Maki , Ohmagari Norio , Mizoue Tetsuya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimWhile accumulating evidence suggests a protective role of healthy diet against depression, evidence on this issue is limited among healthcare workers combating COVID‐19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to determine the cross‐sectional association between frequency of balanced meal consumption and depressive symptoms among Japanese hospital workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsParticipants were 2,457 workers of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine who responded to a questionnaire survey in October or December 2020. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9). The number of days per week of eating two or more balanced meals was categorized into four from ≤1 day/week to daily. The association between frequency of balanced meal consumption and depressive symptoms was assessed using logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for lifestyle and COVID‐19‐related factors.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms was 14.8%. The odds of depressive symptoms increased with decreasing frequency of balanced meal consumption. The multivariable‐adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of depressive symptoms were 1.00 (reference), 1.09 (0.75‐1.58), 1.62 (1.17‐2.24), and 2.21 (1.54‐3.17) for balanced meal consumption categories of daily, 4‐5 days/week, 2‐3 days/week, and ≤1 day/week, respectively (P for trend<0.001).ConclusionsOur results suggest that infrequent consumption of well‐balanced meal is associated with increased depressive symptoms among hospital workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Brentuximab vedotin in combination with bendamustine in pediatric patients or young adults with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Vinti Luciana , Pagliara Daria , Buffardi Salvatore , Di Ruscio Valentina , Stocchi Francesca , Mariggiò Elena , Parasole Rosanna , De Matteo Antonia , Petruzziello Fara , Paganelli Valeria , De Vito Rita , Del Bufalo Francesca , Strocchio Luisa , Locatelli Franco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough children and young adults with Hodgkin's lymphoma usually have a favorable prognosis, patients with primary refractory disease and some subsets of relapsed patients still have a dismal outcome. Brentuximab vedotin (BV) in combination with bendamustine may represent a suitable salvage therapy; data on 32 patients aged less than 25 years were retrospectively analyzed. Patients received up to six cycles of treatment of BV 1.8 mg/kg on day 1 and bendamustine 90–120 mg/m2 on days 2 and 3. At the end of treatment, the overall response rate was 81%. The 3‐year overall and progression‐free survivals are 78.1% and 67%, respectively.
Degradation of wheat straw/polylactic acid composites by Aspergillus niger
Authors: Chai Xicun , He Chunxia , Liu Yutao , Niyitanga Evode , Zhou Yu , Wang Luyang , Zhang Weixing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPolylactic acid has good biodegradability and it is dosage is increasing. Therefore, the degradation of PLA has become a new problem that needs serious management. In this study, the spores of Aspergillus niger were inoculated onto wheat straw/PLA composites containing different contents of sodium alginate, and the mass loss and characterization (microstructure, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermal properties, and X‐ray diffraction) of the composites were detected. The objective was to explore the possibility of degradation of PLA composites by A. niger and the effect of sodium alginate on the degradability of PLA composites. The results showed that when the amount of sodium alginate was 3% and 6%, the mass loss rate of the composites only increased at the initial stage of degradation. However, when the amount of sodium alginate was 9%, the mass loss rate of the composites was significantly increased. It was found that A. niger could colonize the surface of the composites and cause cracks and depressions on the surface by morphological observation. The infrared spectral curve showed that the number of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups in the composites increased after degradation. According to the thermogravimetric curve of the composites, the pyrolysis temperature of the composites with sodium alginate content of 9% increased and the residual mass decreased after degradation. When the amount of sodium alginate was 9%, the crystallinity of the composites was greatly reduced, and it is crystallization zone was easier to degrade compared with other treatments. The results would provide a theoretical support for the rapid degradation of PLA composites.
A practical guide to interpreting and generating bottom‐up proteomics data visualizations
Authors: Schessner Julia Patricia , Voytik Eugenia , Bludau Isabell 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMass‐spectrometry based bottom‐up proteomics is the main method to analyze proteomes comprehensively and the rapid evolution of instrumentation and data analysis has made the technology widely available. Data visualization is an integral part of the analysis process and it is crucial for the communication of results. This is a major challenge due to the immense complexity of MS data. In this review, we provide an overview of commonly used visualizations, starting with raw data of traditional and novel MS technologies, then basic peptide and protein level analyses, and finally visualization of highly complex datasets and networks. We specifically provide guidance on how to critically interpret and discuss the multitude of different proteomics data visualizations. Furthermore, we highlight Python‐based libraries and other open science tools that can be applied for independent and transparent generation of customized visualizations. To further encourage programmatic data visualization, we provide the Python code used to generate all data figures in this review on GitHub (https://github.com/MannLabs/ProteomicsVisualization).
A response to COVID‐19 school closures: The feasibility of a school‐linked text message intervention as an adaptation to school‐supervised asthma therapy
Authors: Arenas Juliana , Becker Sarah , Seay Hannah , Frisard Christine , Hoque Shushmita , Spano Michelle , Lindenauer Peter K. , Sadasivam Rajani S. , Pbert Lori , Trivedi Michelle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSchool‐supervised asthma therapy improves asthma medication adherence and morbidity, particularly among low‐income and underrepresented minority (URM) children. However, COVID‐19‐related school closures abruptly suspended this therapy. In response, we developed a school‐linked text message intervention.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to investigate the feasibility and acceptability of a school‐linked text message intervention.MethodsIn December 2020, children previously enrolled in school‐supervised asthma therapy in Central Massachusetts were recruited into this school‐linked text message intervention. We sent two‐way, automated, daily text reminders in English or Spanish to caregivers of these children, asking if they had given their child their daily preventive asthma medicine. Our study team notified the school nurse if the caregiver did not consistently respond to text messages. School nurses performed weekly remote check‐ins with all families. The primary outcome of the study was feasibility: recruitment, retention, and intervention fidelity. Secondarily we examined intervention acceptability and asthma health outcomes.ResultsTwenty‐six children (54% male, 69% Hispanic, 8% Black, 23% White, 93% Medicaid insured) and their caregivers were enrolled in the intervention with 96% participant retention at 6 months. Caregiver response rate to daily text messages was 81% over the study period. Children experienced significant improvements in asthma health outcomes. The intervention was well accepted by nurses and caregivers.ConclusionA school‐linked text messaging intervention for pediatric asthma is feasible and acceptable. This simple, accessible intervention may improve health outcomes for low‐income and URM children with asthma. It merits further study as a potential strategy to advance health equity.
Characterization of the absorption, metabolism, excretion, and mass balance of gefapixant in humans
Authors: Nussbaum Jesse C. , Hussain Azher , Ma Bennett , Min K. Chris , Chen Qing , Tomek Charles , Iwamoto Marian , Stoch S. Aubrey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGefapixant (MK‐7264) is a first‐in‐class, selective antagonist of the P2X3 purinergic receptor currently being investigated as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of refractory or unexplained chronic cough. In non‐clinical studies, gefapixant was eliminated primarily by renal excretion of the parent drug. The objective of this study was to assess the disposition of gefapixant in humans. The absorption, metabolism, and excretion profiles of gefapixant were assessed after oral administration of a single dose of [14C]gefapixant to six healthy adult males. Following a single‐oral [14C]gefapixant dose to healthy adult males, the mass balance was achieved, with 98.9% of the administered radioactivity recovered in urine and feces. Elimination of gefapixant occurred primarily via renal excretion of the intact drug (64%); metabolism was a minor pathway of elimination of gefapixant (12% and 2% recovered in urine and feces, respectively). Single‐dose administration of [14C]gefapixant 50 mg was generally well tolerated in healthy adult males. The fraction of the anticipated therapeutic oral dose of gefapixant absorbed is estimated to be at least 78%. Gefapixant is expected to be the major circulating drug‐related material in plasma, and the majority of the dosed drug will be excreted unchanged in urine.
Crizotinib for ROS1‐rearranged lung cancer and pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy under venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Aoyama Daisetsu , Fukui Shigefumi , Hirata Haruhiko , Ohta‐Ogo Keiko , Matama Hideo , Tateishi Emi , Nishii Tatsuya , Asaumi Yasuhide , Toyofuku Mamoru , Ikeue Tatsuyoshi , Ogo Takeshi , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Yasuda Satoshi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rapidly progressive subtype of pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with impaired right ventricular adaptation and very poor prognosis in cancer, and its rapid progression makes antemortem diagnosis and treatment extremely difficult. We describe the case of a 35‐year‐old woman who developed severe PH with subsequent circulatory collapse. The patient was clinically diagnosed with PTTM induced by lung adenocarcinoma harboring the c‐ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangement within 1–2 weeks, while hemodynamics were stabilized by rescue venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Crizotinib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting anaplastic lymphoma kinase, MET, and ROS1 kinase domains dramatically resolved PH, resulting in more than 3 years of survival. Targeted gene‐tailored therapy with mechanical support can improve survival in PTTM.
Adaptive CUSUM control charts for efficient monitoring of process dispersion
Authors: Zaman Babar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn adaptive cumulative sum (ACUSUM) control chart is an advance form of the classical CUSUM control chart to identify different sizes of shift in the process parameters (location and/or dispersion). In the continuation of the ACUSUM control chart, this study also proposed ACUSUM control charts to enhance the performance of the process dispersion for a broad range of shift. The proposed ACUSUM control charts methodologies are based on the dispersion CUSUM statistic, score (Huber and Bi‐square) functions, generalized likelihood ratio test, and nonlinear optimization technique. The use of dispersion CUSUM statistic helps to distinguish a specific shift as the classical CUSUM statistic does, the score functions, the nonlinear optimization technique and generalized likelihood ratio test enhance the ability of the proposed ACUSUM control charts to distinguish a shift of different size. For the assessment of control charts, run length (RL) measure is used, and it is generated by developing an algorithm in MATLAB through Monte Carlo simulation method. Further, average of RL is utilized to carry out comparative analysis of control charts for a single shift, while for a certain range of shift (comprehensive analysis), extra quadratic loss (EQL), relative average run length (ARL), and performance comparison index (PCI) measures are used. Findings based on numerical results and visual presentations reveal the superiority of the proposed control charts against some existing control charts. Moreover, for real‐world point of assessment, the proposed control chart is implemented with numerical data to show the worth over other control charts.