bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Niche overlap in rodents increases with competition but not ecological opportunity: A role of inter‐individual difference
Authors: Shaner Pei‐Jen L. , Ke Ling‐hua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Niche variation at population level mediates niche packing (i.e. patterns of species' spread within the niche space) and species coexistence at community level. Competition and ecological opportunity (resource diversity) are two of the main mechanisms underlying niche variation. Dense niche packing could occur through increased niche partitioning or increased niche overlap.

In this study, we used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data of 635 individual rodents from four species across nine sites in the montane region of a subtropical island to test the effects of competition and ecological opportunity on population isotope niche size, inter‐individual niche difference within population and interspecific niche overlap within community.

We used the Bayesian Standard Ellipse Area (SEAB, the ellipse area enclosed by carbon and nitrogen isotope values of organisms on a bi‐plot) to estimate population niche size and interspecific niche overlap. Inter‐individual niche difference within population was quantified as isotopic divergence and isotopic uniqueness. We used rodent abundance (the number of unique individuals captured) to measure competition and plant isotope niche size (plant SEAB) to measure ecological opportunity.

The rodents experienced competition as evidenced by a negative relationship between population change rate and conspecific abundance. Rodent population niche size increased with ecological opportunity but not competition. The inter‐individual niche difference (isotopic uniqueness) increased with competition (interspecific competition only) but not ecological opportunity. At community level, interspecific niche overlap (herbivore–omnivore pair only) increased with competition (the combined abundance of the pair) but not ecological opportunity.

This study demonstrated that isotope niche variation of the rodents could be hierarchically influenced by ecological opportunity and competition, with the former setting the limit of population niche size across communities and the latter shaping inter‐individual niche difference and interspecific niche overlap within communities. Under strong intraspecific competition and limited ecological opportunity for niche expansion, individuals may choose to increase their isotopic uniqueness from conspecifics at the cost of overlapping with heterospecifics of different trophic roles within the community niche space as overall competition increases. Denser niche packing of these rodent communities might be achieved through increased niche overlap.
Importance of invasion mechanisms varies with abiotic context and plant invader growth form
Authors: Chiuffo Mariana C. , Moyano Jaime , Policelli Nahuel , Torres Agostina , Vitali Agustin , Nuñez Martín A. , Rodriguez‐Cabal Mariano A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Many invasion hypotheses propose biotic interactions as the main mechanism to explain non‐native species' success. Despite the evidence that the strength of biotic interactions varies with abiotic context, it remains unclear whether the importance of the different mechanisms proposed to explain invasion predictably varies with the abiotic context and whether this variation is consistent across different growth forms.

We reviewed studies at a global scale to evaluate whether evapotranspiration, latitude, precipitation and temperature influence the importance of disturbance, enemy release, facilitation, and novel weapons mechanisms to explain non‐native plant invasions. In total, we calculated 171 effect sizes for ~300 non‐native plant species covering a wide range of environmental conditions and growth forms.

Environmental context and plant growth form influenced the role played by each invasion mechanism. The importance of disturbance in facilitating invasion exhibited a quadratic relationship with latitude and temperature, and decreased with increasing precipitation. In mixed communities and trees, disturbance was mediated by either evapotranspiration, latitude, precipitation or temperature. Enemy release exhibited a quadratic relationship with evapotranspiration, latitude and precipitation, and it was positively related to temperature. The importance of enemy release was also contingent on growth form and was highly context‐dependent. Enemy release responses for grasses, and trees were modulated by either evapotranspiration, latitude, precipitation or temperature. The importance of facilitation decreased with increasing temperature. In forbs, facilitation decreased with evapotranspiration and temperature. The importance of novel weapons was more strongly confirmed for studies conducted at lower evapotranspiration, precipitation and higher latitudes, and exhibited a quadratic relationship with temperature.

Synthesis. Our results show that environmental conditions not only filter non‐native species depending on physiological tolerances but may also influence the importance of invasion mechanisms.
Healthy Mothers Healthy Families, Health Promoting Activity Coaching for mothers of children with a disability: Exploring mothers' perspectives of programme feasibility
Authors: Harris Vanessa , Bourke‐Taylor Helen M. , Leo Monica 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth Promoting Activity Coaching, an intervention within the Healthy Mothers Healthy Families programme (HMHF‐HPAC), was delivered by occupational therapists in a project that assessed feasibility of this new intervention. The HMHF‐HPAC promotes the health and well‐being of mothers of children with disabilities and is a six‐session programme with website, workbook, and one‐on‐one coaching. Consumer experiences of this novel health‐promoting intervention were sought to enable consumer‐informed feedback for future modifications and improvements prior to further development.MethodsThis qualitative study explored the experiences of mothers who participated in the HMHF‐HPAC and their perspectives on the service delivery, content and impact. This study was embedded within an overarching feasibility study and was conducted parallel to a quantitative component. Seven mothers who completed the HMHF‐HPAC participated in semi‐structured interviews. Data were analysed thematically using a six‐stage thematic approach.FindingsFour key themes emerged: Recognising Mothers; From Vulnerability to Empowerment; A Goal for Me; and Perspectives on Content and Delivery. Mothers reported increased participation in health‐promoting activities over the duration of HMHF‐HPAC, reflective of their individual needs. Mothers described improved mood and energy levels, reduced stress and anxiety, greater self‐awareness, and increased engagement in leisure activities with their children. Health‐promoting goals identified by mothers' pertained to improving physical activity levels, healthy dietary changes, sleep quality and duration, community engagement, and mindfulness activities. Mothers reported that their child's occupational therapists, the website, and workbook were acceptable and viable.ConclusionsMothers' experiences support the feasibility of embedding the HMHF‐HPAC programme into occupational therapy services directed towards child and family‐focused interventions. Mothers found occupational therapists to be acceptable facilitators of the HMHF‐HPAC, given the frequent interactions and rapport with mothers and the occupational underpinnings of the programme. The HMHF‐HPAC is an accessible intervention that promotes family‐oriented practice.
Diffusion of H2S from anaerobic thiolated ligand biodegradation rapidly generates bioavailable mercury
Authors: Stenzler Benjamin R. , Zhang Rui , Semrau Jeremy D. , DiSpirito Alan A. , Poulain Alexandre J. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryMethylmercury is a potent neurotoxin that biomagnifies through food webs and which production depends on anaerobic microbial uptake of inorganic mercury (Hg) species. One outstanding knowledge gap in understanding Hg methylation is the nature of bioavailable Hg species. It has become increasingly obvious that Hg bioavailability is spatially diverse and temporally dynamic but current models are mostly built on single thiolated ligand systems, omitting ligand exchanges and interactions, or the inclusion of dissolved gaseous phases. In this study, we used a whole‐cell anaerobic biosensor to determine the role of a mixture of thiolated ligands on Hg bioavailability. Serendipitously, we discovered how the diffusion of trace amounts of exogenous biogenic H2S, originating from anaerobic microbial ligand degradation, can alter Hg speciation – away from H2S production site – to form bioavailable species. Regardless of its origins, H2S stands as a mobile mediator of microbial Hg metabolism, connecting spatially separated microbial communities. At a larger scale, global planetary changes are expected to accelerate the production and mobilization of H2S and Hg, possibly leading to increased production of the potent neurotoxin; this work provides mechanistic insights into the importance of co‐managing biogeochemical cycle disruptions.
Public support for deliberative citizens' assemblies selected through sortition: Evidence from 15 countries
Authors: PILET JEAN‐BENOIT , BOL DAMIEN , VITTORI DAVIDE , PAULIS EMILIEN 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs representative democracy is increasingly criticized, a new institution is becoming popular among academics and practitioners: deliberative citizens’ assemblies. To evaluate whether these assemblies can deliver their promise of re‐engaging the dissatisfied with representative politics, we explore who supports them and why. We build on a unique survey conducted with representative samples of 15 Western European countries and find, first, that the most supportive are those who are less educated and have a low sense of political competence and an anti‐elite sentiment. Thus, support does come from the dissatisfied. Second, we find that this support is for a part ‘outcome contingent’, in the sense that it changes with respondents’ expectations regarding the policy outcome from deliberative citizens’ assemblies. This second finding nuances the first one and suggests that while deliberative citizens’ assemblies convey some hope to re‐engage disengaged citizens, this is conditioned on the expectation of a favourable outcome.
Response of farmland reptiles to agricultural intensification: Collapse of the common adder Vipera berus and the western green lizard Lacerta bilineata in a hedgerow landscape
Authors: Guiller G. , Legentilhomme J. , Boissinot A. , Blouin‐Demers G. , Barbraud C. , Lourdais O. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAgricultural landscapes cover a large portion of the planet and the intensification of farming is a primary cause of biodiversity loss. Changes in agricultural practices have been particularly marked in Western Europe over the last century. Hedgerow landscapes consist of complex mosaics of pastures, ponds, and hedges connected with forest patches that are favourable for biodiversity. Recently, however, these traditional farming landscapes have been profoundly simplified with a massive reduction in hedgerows. Reptiles are currently facing an important global decline, but the impact of the intensification of agricultural practices on their populations remains understudied. We studied the common European adder Vipera berus and the western green lizard Lacerta bilineata in Western France in a hedgerow landscape undergoing agricultural intensification. We first quantified the habitat changes (density of hedgerows and forest edges) from 1950 to 2015. Second, we documented changes in the distribution of V. berus and L. bilineata in the area between two surveys conducted 18 years apart (survey 1: 1994–1997 and survey 2: 2012–2015). The two species were more likely to be found at sites with dense hedgerows and forest edges at the first survey. We detected marked range contractions in the distributions of both species over 18 years (92% and 74%, respectively, for V. berus and L. bilineata). Population monitoring of the adder with capture‐mark‐recapture at two sites revealed marked declines related to the degradation of hedgerows and closure of the forest patches. Our results underline the importance of traditional agricultural landscapes for biodiversity conservation and the value of squamate reptiles as indicator speciesed in such landscapes.
Hidden impacts of environmental stressors on freshwater communities could be revealed at lower concentrations by correlation of abundances network analyses: An example with herbicides glyphosate, 2,4‐D, and their mixtures
Authors: Lozano Verónica Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMultiple stressors affect freshwater systems worldwide. Ecotoxicological studies are often focused on the abundance analysis of their communities. In this study, I discuss the possibility of incorporating correlation networks to earlier bring to light the possible hidden effects of environmental stressors on community interactions. A re‐analysis of the published data from an experiment where the herbicides glyphosate, 2,4‐D and their mixtures were applied in microcosms revealed that correlation networks can detect impacts on the community interactions at herbicide concentrations lower than those in which abundances were drastically modified. I propose the correlation of abundances network analysis (CANA) as a new approach for ecotoxicological freshwater community studies.
Modified iliotibial band tenodesis versus lateral extracapsular tenodesis, to augment anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a 2‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Porter Mark , Shadbolt Bruce 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundResidual instability following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is associated with disruption of the anterolateral complex (ALC). Our goal was to conduct a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of modified Iliotibial tenodesis (MITBT) versus lateral extracapsular tenodesis (LET) to correct this residual instability.MethodsGroup 1 underwent MITBT, Group 2 LET, added to the ACL reconstruction. Outcomes of interest were Tegner activity Scores (TAS), international knee documentation committee score (IKDC), knee osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), ACL related quality of life (ACL QoL), recurrent ACL rupture and meniscal tears. Follow‐up was 2 years. Statistical analysis used chi‐squared tests, frequency statistics and generalized linear models. We have followed the guidelines outlined in the CONSORT statement.ResultsA total of 164 patients were randomized, 84 to Group 1, 80 to Group 2. Group 1 had higher TAS than Group 2, at 2 years (median 8, range 7–10 vs. median 7, range 5–9, P<0.001). Group 1 had higher ACL QoL scores at 1 and 2 years post‐surgery (82.1, SD2.7 vs. 67.9, SD 4.0, P< 0.001 and 82.5, SD 2.6 vs. 68.8, SD 3.8, P<0.001, respectively), and higher KOOS Sport/recreation subscale at both 1 and 2 years (91.5, SD4.3 vs. 78.3, SD7.9, P<0.001 and 91.8, SD4.8 vs. 80.4, SD 9.5, P<0.001). Risk of recurrent ACL rupture (0% vs. 5%, P = 0.040–0.05) and medial meniscal tear (2.4% vs. 14%, P = 0.007–0.02) were lower in Group 1.ConclusionAugmentation of ACL reconstruction with the MITBT, rather than the LET, was associated with improved outcomes, and lower risks of recurrent ACL rupture and medial meniscal tears.
A multicentre study of the risk factors associated with recurrence of central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyin , Komuku Yuki , Araki Takashi , Hozumi Kenta , Terasaki Hiroto , Miki Akiko , Kuwayama Soichiro , Niki Masanori , Matsubara Hisashi , Kinoshita Takamasa , Nishi Tomo , Gomi Fumi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate potential clinical and multimodal imaging factors in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) recurrence.MethodsThe study was performed at nine Japanese medical institutions for patients who had experienced an active CSC episode. Demographic data and medical history were reviewed retrospectively. Significant differences in chronic manifestation, leakage site, leakage point number, leakage intensity, choroidal hyperpermeability, central retinal thickness (CRT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness were analysed between the recurrence and non‐recurrence groups.ResultsIn total, 538 eyes (538 patients) diagnosed with CSC (402 men, 136 women; mean age: 53.4 ± 11.9 years) were enrolled. Among them, 253 eyes (47.0%) developed ≥1 recurrence (follow‐up: 15.9 ± 13.5 months, range 3–86 months). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that a history of corticosteroid use (odds ratio [OR], 5.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–21.92; p = 0.015), bilateral disease (OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 1.47–10.6; p = 0.007), chronic manifestations (OR, 7.12; 95% CI, 2.93–17.28; p < 0.001), non‐intense fluorescein leakage (OR, 3.34; 95% CI, 1.44–7.75; p = 0.005) and initial CRT (OR, 0.997; 95% CI, 0.993–0.999; p = 0.049) were significantly associated with CSC recurrence. Receiver operating characteristic curves were created, and the area under the curve for the multivariate logistic regression model of these five factors was 0.814.ConclusionPatients with CSC who received corticosteroids and had bilateral disease, chronic manifestation, non‐intense fluorescein leakage on fluorescein angiography or a relatively thinner CRT should be closely monitored to identify whether they are at high risk of recurrence.
Abuse and misuse of second‐generation antipsychotics: An analysis using VigiBase, the World Health Organisation pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Roy Sophie , Charreteur Robin , Peries Marianne , Kheloufi Farid , Eiden Céline , Nagot Nicolas , Donnadieu‐Rigole Hélène , Micallef Joëlle , Peyrière Hélène 
Published: May 2022

The study aim was to assess the abuse/misuse potential of second‐generation antipsychotics (SGAPs) using VigiBase data. We extracted individual case safety reports of “Drug abuse, dependence and withdrawal” involving SGAPs up to June 2018. We assessed disproportionate reporting by calculating the information component, considering the lower end of the 95% credibility interval for the information component (IC025), and the proportional reporting ratio. We identified 1683 individual case safety reports recorded as “abuse, dependence and withdrawal” involving SGAPs, mainly quetiapine (n = 1089) and olanzapine (n = 209). The disproportional reporting indicators highlighted an association between “Drug abuse and dependence”, and quetiapine, olanzapine and ziprasidone, as indicated by the IC025 (2.263, 0.259 and 1.051, respectively) and proportional reporting ratio values (3.929, 1.020 and 1.334, respectively). The abuse/misuse potential is confirmed for quetiapine and olanzapine and highlighted for the first time for ziprasidone. Physicians should consider these risks when prescribing these antipsychotics, especially to patients with history of drug abuse.
Retinoic acid induced meiosis initiation in female germline stem cells by remodelling three‐dimensional chromatin structure
Authors: Zhang Yabin , Tian Geng G. , Wang Xiang , Hou Changliang , Hu Xiaopeng , Wu Ji 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to clarify the regulation and mechanism of meiotic initiation in FGSC development.Materials and MethodsFGSCs were induced to differentiate into meiosis in differentiation medium. RNA sequencing was performed to analysis the difference of transcription level. High‐through chromosome conformation capture sequencing (Hi‐C) was performed to analysis changes of three‐dimensional chromatin structure. Chromosome conformation capture further confirmed a spatial chromatin loop. ChIP‐qPCR and dual luciferase reporter were used to test the interaction between Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (STRA8) protein and Trip13 promoter.ResultsCompared with FGSCs, the average diameter of STRA8‐positive germ cells increased from 13 μm to 16.8 μm. Furthermore, there were 4788 differentially expressed genes between the two cell stages; Meiosis and chromatin structure‐associated terms were significantly enriched. Additionally, Hi‐C results showed that FGSCs underwent A/B compartment switching (switch rate was 29.81%), the number of topologically associating domains (TADs) increasing, the average size of TADs decreasing, and chromatin loop changes at genome region of Trip13 from undifferentiated stage to meiosis‐initiation stage. Furthermore, we validated that Trip13 promoter contacted distal enhancer to form spatial chromatin loop and STRA8 could bind Trip13 promoter to promote gene expression.ConclusionFGSCs underwent chromatin structure remodelling from undifferentiated stage to meiosis‐initiation stage, which facilitated STRA8 binding to Trip13 promoter and promoting its expression.
The roles of self‐regulation and partner regulation on romantic relationship quality
Authors: Ferguson Elizabeth K. , Karantzas Gery C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractResearch into self‐regulation and partner regulation strategies has largely involved parallel lines of research, thus, it is difficult to determine the relative contribution of both forms of regulation when it comes to relationship outcomes. Therefore, the question remains as to which form of regulation is more strongly associated with relationship quality; is it more important to focus on adaptive self‐regulation or adaptive strategies to regulate one's partner? The current research addresses this important gap by comparing the relative associations of adaptive self‐regulation and adaptive partner regulation strategies on romantic relationship quality. A community sample of mixed gender couples (N = 114) who were predominantly satisfied with their current relationships – but nonetheless still experienced relationship conflict – were administered self‐report assessments of various self‐regulation and partner regulation strategies as well as a measure of relationship quality. Couples also participated in a videotaped discussion of an unresolved relationship issue that was scored by trained coders for verbal and nonverbal indicators of self‐regulation and partner regulation strategies. Actor–partner interdependence modeling revealed that for both men and women, adaptive self‐regulation strategies were positively associated with their own evaluations of relationship quality as well as their partner's relationship quality. In contrast, engaging in adaptive partner regulation strategies was not significantly associated with men's or women's own, or their partner's relationship quality. Findings highlight the importance of focusing on self‐regulation in relationships, as it is these strategies, over partner regulation strategies, that have more positive implications for the relationship quality experienced by typically satisfied couples.
Dynamic splitting tensile behavior of rock–concrete bimaterial disc with multiple material types under different interface inclination angle
Authors: Chen Xudong , Hu Liangpeng , Feng Ziming , Guo Yuzhu , Ning Yingjie , Xue Xinyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe experimental investigation on the dynamic mechanical properties and failure behavior of rock–concrete composite is of great significance for understanding the mechanical response of rock–shotcrete supporting structures. In the paper, impact splitting tests were performed on Brazilian disc specimens of the rock–concrete bimaterial with different interface inclination angles. Effects of interface inclination angle and material type on dynamic response and failure behavior under dynamic impact were analyzed experimentally. The results show that the dynamic splitting strength and energy dissipation ratio increase with the increase of interface inclination angle. However, the incorporation of fibers will reduce the splitting tensile strength. The crack‐resisting effect of sandstone–fiber concrete is more obvious, and the hysteresis plateau phenomenon appears in the post‐peak section of the stress‐time curve. The interface failure behavior is related to the stress state of the interface and can be divided into three patterns: tensile fracture, shear fracture, and interface non‐ fracture.