bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of nano selenium in alleviating the effects of salt stress in date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.). A Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Mahdi Ali S. , Abd Abdulkareem M. , Awad Khairullah M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The current study used the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine the corresponding changes caused by salt-induced biochemical changes at different NaCl concentrations (2.5 as control level, 5, 10, and 20 ds.m− 1). FTIR also determines the potential role of selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) at two concentrations (80 and 160 ppm) in alleviating salinity stress on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) trees. Notably, the study found the appearance of a new peak at 2850 cm− 1 in the lipid region (2800–3000 cm− 1) when date palm trees were exposed to salinity and tested at all levels. This peak was not seen in the control treatment or when salinity was combined with foliar spraying of Se NPs at the two tested concentrations (80 and 160 ppm). Furthermore, a clear and distinct peak at 1735 cm− 1 was only seen in plants exposed to salinity at 10 or 20 ds.m− 1. This peak was attributed to membrane lipid compounds that contain carbonyl-ester groups. In addition, the findings demonstrate that the treatments from various studies affected the secondary structure of proteins (1500–1800 cm− 1) and carbohydrates (1200–1500 cm− 1), and this was evident by the appearance and disappearance of some characteristic peaks in these regions.
Do different types of carbon mitigation regulations have heterogeneous effects on innovation quality?
Authors: Yang Zhenhuan , Xu Yi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Carbon peak and carbon neutralization as a global mission cannot be completed without systematically designed carbon mitigation regulations. In order to achieve the carbon emission reduction as formulated in the Paris Agreement and fulfil the promises made at the United Nations General Assembly, the Chinese government has promulgated various types of regulations to curb carbon emission with the hope of realizing the Porter effect. Selecting low carbon pilot cities and carbon emission trading schema as the research objects, this study employs a DID model to investigate the effects of carbon mitigation regulations on innovation quality and its heterogeneity. The empirical results reveal that market-based carbon mitigation regulations can significantly achieve the Porter effect and improve innovation quality. Furthermore, the government financial situation and the technical efficiency change have important moderating and mediating effects respectively. It is recommended that a full play of the market be given in China for the Porter effect.
Delve into the potential of wild populations of Lupinus hispanicus
Authors: Lema Margarita , Soengas Pilar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Lupinus hispanicus Boiss. et Reut. is a Mediterranean wild species of lupin or lupine that grows naturally in the Iberian Peninsula. This species can be an interesting alternative leguminous crop adapted to marginal areas and is suitable for low-input cultivation. Thirty-one populations were collected in northwestern Spain from a diverse range of altitudes (from 25 to 1063 m). To know their potential for forage (green mass) and/or grain production for animal feed, populations were characterized under winter Mediterranean conditions in northwestern Spain. Twenty-one traits related to growing cycle, biomass and seed yield and domestication were measured during two years at two different locations. Based on morphological characteristics we classified all the populations into the sub-species L. hispanicus subsp. bicolor (synonymous with L. gredensis Gand.). This result helps clarifying the distribution of this sub-species in the Iberian Peninsula. Genotype × environment interaction was significant only for few traits, indicating the stability of the genotypes across environments. Populations showed phenotypical variability in their growing cycle and seed traits. Some accessions may have potential for grain (LUP-0048 and LUP-0052) or forage (LUP-0048 and LUP-0188) production and became an interesting alternative to other more input-dependent fodder crops in areas with poor soils and low supplies. Improving crucial traits as alkaloid content and seed permeability would be required before their utilization. It is also advisable to carry out trials in each planting zone to establish adequate crop density, planting date and ideal plant type. Useful characteristics from Lupinus hispanicus accessions (i.e. yield stability, waterlogging and poor soil tolerance and frost resistance) could be also introgressed into yellow lupin cultivars.
Genomic evidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection cases in South Brazil
Authors: Varela Ana Paula Muterle , Sant’Anna Fernando Hayashi , Santos Aniúsca Vieira dos , Prichula Janira , Comerlato Juliana , Santos Giovana Tavares dos , Wendland Eliana Marcia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Reinfection cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported worldwide. Given that, we investigated reinfection cases in a set of more than 30,000 samples, and selected samples from four patients with at least two positive diagnoses with an interval ≥ 45 days between tests. We sequenced and analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses confirmed three reinfection cases and suggested the fourth one caused by the same lineage. Viral sequencing is crucial to understand the natural course of reinfections, and to plan public health strategies for management of COVID-19.
Establishing a Framework for Privacy-Preserving Record Linkage among Electronic Health Record and Administrative Claims Databases within PCORnet®, the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network
Authors: Kiernan Daniel , Carton Thomas , Toh Sengwee , Phua Jasmin , Zirkle Maryan , Louzao Darcy , Haynes Kevin , Weiner Mark , Angulo Francisco , Bailey Charles , Bian Jiang , Fort Daniel , Grannis Shaun , Krishnamurthy Ashok Kumar , Nair Vinit , Rivera Pedro , Silverstein Jonathan , Marsolo Keith 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a secure, privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) methodology can be implemented in a scalable manner for use in a large national clinical research network.Results: We established the governance and technical capacity to support the use of PPRL across the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORnet®). As a pilot, four sites used the Datavant software to transform patient personally identifiable information (PII) into de-identified tokens. We queried the sites for patients with a clinical encounter in 2018 or 2019 and matched their tokens to determine whether overlap existed. We described patient overlap among the sites and generated a “deduplicated” table of patient demographic characteristics. Overlapping patients were found in 3 of the 6 site-pairs. Following deduplication, the total patient count was 3,108,515 (0.11% reduction), with the largest reduction in count for patients with an “Other/Missing” value for Sex; from 198 to 163 (17.6% reduction). The PPRL solution successfully links patients across data sources using distributed queries without directly accessing patient PII. The overlap queries and analysis performed in this pilot is being replicated across the full network to provide additional insight into patient linkages among a distributed research network.
Spatiotemporal rainfall variability and trend analysis of Shimsha River Basin, India
Authors: Ashwathappa Bharath , Maddamsetty Ramesh , Madddikeari Manjunath , Vishwesharaiah Reshma T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The current study aims to determine the variability and trend in rainfall data. From 1989 to 2018, daily rainfall data was gathered for the Shimsha basin, a sub-basin of the Cauvery basin in Karnataka, India, and aggregated into annual, seasonal, and monthly rainfall totals as well as the number of rainy days. In this study, the time series are subjected to statistical methods to examine rainfall variability and trend. The mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, coefficient of variation (CV), and Standardized Anomaly Index (SAI) are all used in the preliminary and variability analysis. To understand the rainfall distribution characteristics, Kurtosis and skewness were used. To identify homogenous and serially independent series, homogeneity and serial correlation tests were used. Mann–Kendall (MK) and Spearman's rank correlation (SRC) tests were performed to identify the trend in the homogenous and serially independent series. Sen's slope (SS) technique is applied to quantify the amount of the trend, and the Sequential Mann-Kendall (SQMK) test was used to assess the trend change point. The statistical tests indicated in this work were performed using open-source R packages such as "trend," "modifiedmk" and "trendchange". The study area's average rainfall was 801.86 mm, and CV ranges from 43.3–22.27%. The basin receives the highest rainfall in southwest monsoon season (SWM) followed by post-monsoon, summer, and winter seasons, respectively. Out of 162 series, 11-time series were found to be non-homogeneous and were omitted. Then out of 151 homogeneous series, 21 series showed a significant increasing trend while 99 and 31 series showed a little rising and declining trend, respectively. The study's results will help in water resource management, agricultural planning and socioeconomic development in the area.
Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Mesylate in General Anesthesia Induction and Maintenance in Elderly Patients: A Single-Center, Randomized, Positive-Drug, Paralleled, Controlled Study
Authors: Yang Fei , Guo Lideng , Lai Xiawei , Zhang Zhijing , Wang Di , Peng Shanpan , Xie Haihui 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of remimazolam mesylate for general anesthesia in elderly patients.
Methods
Patents aged 60 to 80 years who were scheduled to undergo surgery were randomized into three groups: Group A (remimazolam mesylate 6 mg/kg/h), Group B (remimazolam mesylate 12 mg/kg/h), or Group C (propofol 2.0-2.5 mg/kg). Primary efficacy indicators (success rate of anesthesia sedation), secondary efficacy indicators (BIS value, anesthesia induction time, anesthesia awakening time), safety efficacy indicators (incidence of anesthetic hypotension; incidence of anesthetic hypoxemia) and incidence of adverse events (intravenous pain, nausea and vomiting, etc.) were routinely monitored.
Results
The success rate of anesthesia sedation was 95% in the 6 mg/kg/h remimazolam mesylate group and 100% in the 12 mg/kg/h remimazolam mesylate and propofol groups. Noninferiority of remimazolam mesylate [95% confidence interval (0.04; 0.047)]. There were statistically significant differences in anesthesia awakening time, use of norepinephrine, and adverse events (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the time of anesthesia induction or incidence of bradycardia and hypotension among the three groups. However, compared with the propofol group, the awakening time in the remimazolam tosylate groups was significantly shorter (P < 0.05), the effect on heart rate was lower, and there was no pain from intravenous injection. The intraoperative BIS values of the three groups were all maintained at 40–63, and no intraoperative awareness was found. At the same time, the use of norepinephrine in the remimazolam tosylate groups was significantly reduced (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Remimazolam mesylate is well tolerated and noninferior to propofol with regard to efficacy as a sedative hypnotic for general anesthesia. Remimazolam mesylate can accelerate recovery from anesthesia, have less impact on heart rate, and decrease the use of vasoactive drugs and intravenous pain.
Clinical trial registration:
This study was approved by the Clinical Trials Ethics Committee of Dongguan People's Hospital (KYKT2020-054), and registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (11/06/2021, ChiCTR2100047274). The study protocol followed the CONSORT guidelines. The study protocol was performed in the relevant guidelines.
The closed cavity resonator formed by graphene/PMMA for low frequency ultrasound detection
Authors: Xu Jing , Wood Graham , Mastropaolo Enrico , Lomax Petter , Newton Michael , Cheung Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A graphene/poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) closed cavity resonator for low-frequency ultrasound (less than 200 kHz) detection has been fabricated. The 6-layer graphene with 450 nm PMMA laminated layer has been dry transferred onto the closed cavity with the air gap of 105 μm. The resonator has been actuated in atmosphere and room temperature by mechanical, electro-static and electro-thermal methods. The resonant frequency has been measured to be around 160 kHz. The (1,1) mode has been observed to dominate the resonance, which suggests the graphene/PMMA membrane has been perfectly clamped and seals the closed cavity. The degree of linearity of the membrane’s displacement versus the actuation signal has been determined. The resonant frequency has been observed to be tuned to about 4% by applying AC voltage through the membrane. The strain has been estimated to be around 0.08%. This research puts forward a sensor design for low-frequency ultrasonic detection.
From the Global North to the Global South: the role of international medicine in the preparation of students for experiential learning in countries with limited resources.
Authors: Serraino Riccardo , Owachi Darius , Byekwaso Susan Nassaka , Namara Catherine Misango , Naigambi Kennedy , Castelli Francesco , Torti Carlo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda, has established partnerships with several other institutions around the world. Some of these are the University of Brescia and “Magna Græcia” University, which have agreed on a collaboration whose main objective is student exchange. We collected the experiences of some of the students who participated in the medical electives born from this partnership, integrating, and comparing them with other data and similar experiences in literature, analyzing the importance of adequate preparation in global health and ethical collaboration. Medical electives represent a unique opportunity for medical students, not only for those who will work in resource-limited settings due to an increasingly globalized world. The emergence of ethical international collaborations is of paramount importance to stimulate these projects and to ensure that they take place safely and with adequate preparation even and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparison of Simple Aspiration and Local Anesthesia-Assisted Multiple Puncture of Joint Capsule in the Treatment of Dorsal Wrist Ganglion Cysts
Authors: Çağlar Sever , Adanır Oktay , Uslu Muhammed , Biçer Ozancan , Dinçel Yaşar Mahsut 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Aim of the present study was to modify the multiple puncture method, by applying multiple puncture onto the joint capsule where the ganglion cyst originates under local anesthesia (not onto the wall of the ganglion cyst) and to compare the outcomes with simple cyst aspiration.
Material and Method
: Study was conducted on 86 adult patients with a diagnosis of dorsal wrist ganglion cyst between 2015 and 2018. Local anesthesia-assisted capsular multiple puncture method was performed on 46 patients; ganglion cyst aspiration was implemented on 40 patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the wrist was performed on both groups before the treatment. It was decided by the inspection technique whether there was a recurrence or not. Pain was evaluated with the Visual Analog Scale in patients who did not relapse and were treated with local anesthesia-assisted multiple puncture of the capsule.
Results
Relapse rate was significantly lower in the local anesthesia-assisted multiple puncture of joint capsule group (p < 0.05) when compared to simple cyst aspiration. The success rate in the local anesthesia-assisted multiple puncture of joint capsule group during a follow-up period of 19.85 months was 67.4%; the success rate in the simple cyst aspiration group during a follow-up period of 17.20 months was 12.5%.
Conclusion
Multiple puncture of the capsule under local anesthesia which the ganglion cyst is originated has promising outcomes when compared with simple cyst aspiration. The success obtained in this study may be related to regeneration by creating bleeding in the capsule rich in cellular formations via multiple capsular puncture.
Evaluation of water resource carrying capacity in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin using the variable fuzzy-based method
Authors: Yang Jiale , Yang Peng , Zhang Shengqing , Wang Wenyu , Cai Wei , Hu Sheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin (MYRB) are rich in water resources, with a large number of rivers and lakes. However, in recent years, water resources from this basin are no longer sufficient to support the region’s rapid economic development. This study established a model to evaluate the water resource carrying capacity incorporating water resources, population, and socio-economic data. The characteristic values of water resource carrying capacity were calculated using the variable fuzzy evaluation method in MYRB from 2005 to 2020. Although both population and GDP in the MYRB showed an increasing trend between 2005 and 2020, the water supply capacity increased and then decreased. The weights of each index for evaluating the water resource carrying capacity of perennial botanical gardens were as follows: degree of water resource development (0.311) > total water resources (0.24) > population density (0.156) > GDP per capita (0.097) > water resources per capita (0.077) > water supply per capita (0.064) > water resources per unit area (0.055). Furthermore, the water resource carrying capacity in the MYRB showed an increasing trend from 2005 to 2020. In 2020, the carrying capacity of water resources in Changsha, Jingmen, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Wuhan, Xiaogan, Nanyang, and Xiangyang was attributed an evaluation grade of level 3, which indicates that the development and utilization of water resources in these areas were at their saturation point.
Cooperative human-robot polishing for the task of patina polishing on high-quality leather shoes
Authors: Perez-Vidal Carlos , Méndez Jorge Borrell , Gonzalez Alejandra , Solanes J. Ernesto , Gracia Luis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A patina is essentially the weathered look a piece of leather takes on as it ages. The patina finishing aspect can be also generated or grown artificially by scrubbing the leather surface with specific products. This research proposes a novel solution for bringing over automation to grow patina on leather footwear manufacturing using a new co-creative method based on cooperative robotics. These kinds of manual finishing operations on small objects are delicate and regularly need slight modifications carried out by skilled artisans, which adds complexity to the process automation and implies various key aspects to consider. This novel solution includes the design and implementation of a collaborative tool specially designed to grow patina finishing on shoe surface. The system accelerates the process in pursuit of time-saving without disregarding the work finishing quality. For this purpose, the use of a collaborative robot with a built-in constant contact force control is used in this research, together with an existing software function for manual path recording. The use of both tools in complementarity with the knowledge of the craftsman leads the robot end-effector adaptation to the inherent curved-surfaces over the shoe. Besides, some path corrections and tool orientation improvements are suggested based on data from a CAD model for the task to be accurately accomplished. This work presents a novel approach for automatic and semi-automatic shoe patina growing in the footwear industry. The solution has been successfully integrated in a real production line and it is currently in use.
Repeat breeding: prevalence and potential causes in dairy cows at different milk pocket areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Nazrul , Habib Md Rezwanul , Khandaker Md Mehedi Hasan , Rashid Md Harun-ur- , Sarker Md Abid Hasan , Bari Md Sadakatul , Islam Md Zakirul , Alam Md Khorshed , Sarkar Md Moznu , Jahan Rawnak , Mahzabin Rumana , Islam Mohammad Ashiqul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to figure out the prevalence and probable causes of repeat breeding (RB) in dairy cows. Hence, a cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 265 dairy farms in Sirajganj, Bogura, Rangpur, Satkhira, and Munshiganj districts of Bangladesh from December 2018 to February 2019. Data were collected through a direct interview method using a survey questionnaire. The reproductive organs of repeat breeder cows were examined for anatomical defects, pathological, infectious, functional reasons, and genital tract abnormalities. Additionally, the influence of nutrition, season, and age on the frequency of RB was recorded. Of the 3824 cows examined, the prevalence of RB was 28%. In this study, 98% of RB cases were exhibited in crossbred cows (Holstein-Friesian, 73%) than the indigenous (2%) cows. The prevalence of RB was significantly highest (P <0.01) in Satkhira (44.35%) and the lowest in the Munshiganj district (15.87%). Data indicated that a major proportion of cows significantly (P <0.05) faced RB problems due to functional causes (30.11%), followed by pathological (24.68%), genital tract abnormalities (18.79%), infectious (14.53%), and anatomical deformities (11.89%). Furthermore, the cows were remarkably (P <0.001) affected in RB during the summer season and nutritional deficient diseases like milk fever (70%). Age (3-7 years) had a significant (P <0.001) effect on the RB occurrence (90%) in crossbred cows. However, particular focus should be given to systematic breeding, balanced nutrition, artificial inseminator efficiency, and hygienic inseminating tools to reduce RB incidence in high-yielding crossbred cows.