bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Gastrointestinal Transit Times in Colon Capsule Endoscopy
Authors: Moen Sarah , Vuik Fanny E.R. , Voortman Trudy , Kuipers Ernst J. , Spaander Manon C.W. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
Optimizing the accuracy of colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) requires high completion rates. To prevent incomplete CCE, we aimed to identify predictors associated with slow CCE transit times.

Methods:
In this population-based study, participants received CCE with split-dose PEG bowel preparation and booster regimen (0.5L oral sulfate solution and 10mg metoclopramide if capsule remained in stomach > 1 hour). The following predictors were assessed: age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, coffee and fiber intake, diet quality, physical activity, dyspeptic complaints, stool pattern, history of abdominal surgery, medication use, and CCE findings. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions with backward elimination were performed.

Results:
We analyzed 451 CCE procedures with a completion rate of 51.9%. Completion rate was higher among older participants (odds ration [OR] 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-2.28, P=0.03) and participants with changed stool pattern (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.20-4.30, P=0.01). Participants with history of abdominal surgery had a lower completion rate (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.36-0.80, P=0.003). Participants with higher BMI had faster stomach, small bowel and total transit times (β=-0.10, P=0.01; β=-0.14, P=0.001; β=-0.12, P=0.01). A faster small bowel transit was found in participants with changed stool pattern (β=-0.08, P=0.049) and use of metoclopramide (β=-0.14, P=0.001). Participants with high fiber intake had a slower colonic transit (β=0.11, P=0.03).

Discussion:
Younger age, unchanged stool pattern, history of abdominal surgery, low BMI, and high fiber intake resulted in slower CCE transit times and lower completion rates. In future practice, these factors can be considered to adjust preparation protocols.
Does a cervical pessary reduce the rate of preterm birth in women with a short cervix?
Authors: Kumagai Kyoko , Murotsuki Jun , Dohi Satoshi , Nishikawa Naomi , Kimura Naomi , Nomiyama Makoto , Osaga Satoshi , Hashimoto Hiroya , Nakai Akihito , Sugiura-Ogasawara Mayumi , Ozaki Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate neonatal outcomes after the use of a cervical pessary in Japanese women with short cervical length (CL) less than 25 mm.

Methods
This multicenter study involved women with singleton pregnancies between 20 and 29+6 gestational weeks and a CL of less than 25 mm. The primary outcome was preterm birth (PTB) before 34 weeks of gestation. This study was registered in the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (JRCT: jRCTs042180102).

Results
Two hundred pregnant women were enrolled; 114 in the pessary group and 86 in the expectant management group as controls. In the pessary group, all 114 neonates were investigated for perinatal outcomes, and 112 pregnant women were investigated for primary, and secondary outcomes. In the control group, 86 pregnant women were investigated for primary and secondary outcomes and 86 neonates were investigated for neonatal outcomes. There were no significant differences in PTB in ≤34, ≤37, and ≤28 weeks of gestation or in preterm rupture of membranes (PROM) ≤34 weeks between the groups. The gestational weeks at birth and birth weight were significantly higher in the pessary group. Regression analysis demonstrated that the CL decreased without a pessary, whereas the shortening rate was suppressed during the intervention. No significant differences were observed in adverse neonatal outcomes, chorioamnionitis, or preterm PROM.

Conclusions
The cervical pessary effectively reduced CL shortening during pregnancy resulting in an average increased gestational age, however, did not reduced the rates of preterm birth.
Evaluating the correlation between amniotic fluid volume and estimated fetal weight in healthy pregnant women
Authors: Souza Sara C.S. , Kim Katherine , Dingwall-Harvey Alysha L.J. , Fakhraei Romina , Liao Yan , Gaudet Laura M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The establishment of cut-offs for normal amniotic fluid volume (AFV) is valuable to predict perinatal outcomes. However, the most common methods to measure AFV are not accurate enough. It is important to understand factors that may be able to increase the accuracy of the calculation of AFV cut-off values. The objective of this study was to verify the correlation between AFV and estimated fetal weight (EFW).

Methods
Records from almost 7,000 patients between 2012 and 2017 were accessed through hospital databases. The AFV measurements included in our analysis were obtained using the maximum vertical pocket technique.

Results
AFV was positively correlated with EFW in the overall, male and female samples; however, the magnitude of the association was small (0.1<r<0.3). A moderate (0.3≤r<0.5) association between AFV and EFW was found specifically during mid- to late-gestation.

Conclusions
The incorporation of EFW together with other factors (e.g., gestational age, fetus sex) may increase the accuracy of the AFV cut-offs calculation and, ultimately, reduce morbidity.
Crystal structure of (Z)-2-(1-bromo-2-phenylvinyl)-5-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid, C15H17Br1O4
Authors: Jia Guo-Kai , Yuan Xian-You 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
C15H17Br1O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.1178(16) Å, b = 8.752(2) Å, c = 24.554(6) Å, β = 94.761(3)°, V = 1524.3(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0275, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0694, T = 296(2) K.
QCD phase diagram in a finite volume in the PNJL model
Authors: Betancourt Francisco J. , Saucedo Jonathan Rincón , Flores-Ocampo Fidel , Flores-Baez Francisco V. , Paz Antonio , Morones-Ibarra José Rubén 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this work, we study the quantum chromodynamics phase diagram at finite temperature and non-zero chemical potential in the framework of the SU(2) flavor of the Polyakov–Nambu – Jona–Lasinio model (PNJL). Applying multiple reflection expansion to cubic and spherical finite volumes of different sizes and boundary conditions, the chiral phase transition and deconfinement of strongly interacting matter are analyzed. We give special attention to find and locate the critical endpoint and locating the critical endpoint, if it exists, as a function of the volume size and its shape, and its dependence of chemical potential and temperature.
HENRY DE LA BECHE’S 1829–1830 LITHOGRAPH, DURIA ANTIQUIOR
Authors: SHARPE TOM 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Duria antiquior [A more ancient Dorsetshire], the famous reconstruction of life in the early Jurassic seas of southern England by Henry Thomas De la Beche (1796–1855) was prepared in collaboration with William Buckland (1784–1856) as a watercolor and published as a lithograph in late 1829 or early 1830. Sales of the lithograph were intended to provide some financial assistance to the professional fossil collector and dealer Mary Anning (1799–1847) who had discovered many of the fossils it illustrated. The published lithograph differs in several respects from De la Beche’s original watercolor and several states of the lithograph exist: an early state, simply bearing the title, and a later state with the addition of an annotated key. The early state exists in both hand-colored and uncolored variants, while the later annotated state shows several variants identifiable by narrow or wide fonts of the printed text.
HYPERTENSION SCREENING IN MULYOREJO PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER AT 2019: WHAT LESSONS LEARNED?
Authors: Fauziyah Shifa , Utomo Budi , Sucipto Teguh Hari 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Hypertension is one of silent killer that become priority on health coverage era. Early detection and risk factors related must be conduct for effective prevention. Methods: This research aimed to detected earlier hypertension case in adult and elderly people in Mulyorejo Public Health Center (PHC), Surabaya, Indonesia. Survey was conduct from 12th to 19th November with the target adult and elderly that were visited PHC. Structured questionnary were used as a screening instrument, and examination using digital tensimeter were used as gold standard. Family history, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, and fruit consumption were recorded as independent variable. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. Accidental sampling and total 0f 100 participants were joined this research, and 10% of them classified as hypertension based on examination using tensimeter, whereas 16% participants classified as hypertension based on structured questionnaire. Result: Validity was counted, and sensitivity showed 70%, spesifity was 87.78%, positive predictive value was 38.8%, negative predictive value was 96.34%. There’s no significant relationship between the independent variables family history (p=0.48 ; OR=1.64 ; 95% CI= 0.42<OR<6.29), smoking (p=0.21 ; OR=2.96 ; 95% CI= 0.52<OR<16.7), physical activity (p=0.46 ; OR=1.71 ; 95% CI= 0.4<OR<7.29), vegetable consumption (p=0.94 ; OR=0.95 ; 95% CI= 0.25<OR<3.62), fruit consumption (p=0.89 ; OR=1.09 ; 95% CI= 0.29<OR<4.03), salt consumption (p=0.66; OR=1.33; 95% CI= 0.25<OR<6.98). Conclusion: There’s no relationship between independent variables with the hypertension during this study. In case, much effort from health worker to conduct medical check up massively would be needed, so that hypertension not become undetected. Keywords: family history, hypertension, screening, smoking, vegetable consumption
Studying the genotype of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) Gene (rs641081C>A) in ‎Iraqi Samples with Acromegaly Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Aon Yassamen Samer Abd , Kadhim Sanaa Jasim , Al-Samarriae Abdilkarim Y. 
Published: May 2022

Pituitary adenomas are the anterior pituitary tumors. Patients with an Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) mutation (AIP- mut) tend to have more aggressive tumors occurring at a younger age. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in many studies have been related to metabolic comorbidities in the general population. Study aims investigated the role of AIP gene SNPs with susceptibility to acromegaly pituitary- adenoma, with levels of LH, FSH, TSH, Testosterone, IGF1,GH, FT4 , Prolactin hormones and blood sugar levels. The study ‎was conducted on a group of acromegaly patients, including 50 patients) both Genders( with ‎hyperplasia of the ends, and apparently healthy control group. Genotyping of AIP gene SNP (rs641081C >A‎) was indicated significant differences in frequency percentage between the study groups. The frequency of heterozygous CA genotype was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the patients' group when compared with control. The Means of IGF1, GH, prolactin, testosterone, and FBS were significantly ‎higher in patients at first treatment than that in control.‎ While,‎ the means of IGF1, GH, prolactin, and testosterone increased significantly in patients at last treatment than control. Patients mean level of TSH decreased significantly at last ‎treatment. No significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) were detected between study ‎groups in all other values.‎ The Means of IGF1, GH, and prolactin at first and last treatment were significantly decreased, while LH ‎was significantly increased at last treatment. In ‎patients with heterozygous mutant and wild genotype, means of IGF1, GH, and ‎prolactin decreased significantly at last treatment compared ‎to first treatment. ‎In this study heterozygous rs641081C>A showed a risk factor for susceptibility of acromegaly. Also, serum IGF1, GH, prolactin, were affected by the SNP of AIP gene within carriers of genotypes of rs641081C>A. IGF1, prolactin and GH ‎decreased significantly at last treatment compared to first treatment.
Evaluation of a Novel Recrosslinkable Hyperbranched Preformed Particle Gel for the Conformance Control of High-Temperature Reservoirs with Fractures
Authors: Song Tao , Ahdaya Mohamed , Zhao Shuda , Zhao Yang , Schuman Thomas , Bai Baojun 
Published: May 2022

Summary
The existence of high conductivity features such as fractures, karst zones, and void space conduits can severely restrict the sweep efficiency of waterflooding or polymer flooding. Preformed particle gel (PPG), as a cost-effective technology, has been applied to control excessive water production. However, conventional PPG has limited plugging efficiency in high-temperature reservoirs with large fractures or void space conduits. After water breakthrough, gel particles can easily be washed out from the fractures because of the lack of particle-particle association and particle-rock adhesion. This paper presents a comprehensive laboratory evaluation of a novel water-swellable high-temperature resistant hyperbranched recrosslinkable PPG (HT-BRPPG) designed for North Sea high-temperature sandstone reservoirs (130°C), which can recrosslink to form a rubber-like bulk gel to plug such high conductivity features. This paper systematically evaluated the swelling kinetics, long-term thermal stability, and plugging performance of the HT-BRPPG. Bottle tests were used to test the swelling kinetic and recrosslinking behavior. High-pressure-resistant glass tubes were used to test the long-term thermal stability of the HT-BRPPG at different temperatures, and the testing lasted for more than 1 year. The plugging efficiency was evaluated by using a fractured model. Results showed that this novel HT-BRPPG could recrosslink and form a rubber-like bulky gel with temperature ranges from 80 to 130°C. The elastic modulus of the recrosslinked gel can reach up to 830 Pa with a swelling ratio (SR) of 10. In addition, the HT-BRPPG with an SR of 10 has been stable for over 15 months at 130°C. The core flooding test proved that the HT-BRPPG could efficiently plug the open fractures, and the breakthrough pressure is 388 psi/ft. Therefore, this novel HT-BRPPG could provide a solution to improve the conformance of high-temperature reservoirs with large fractures or void space conduits.
The relationship between degeneration and asymmetry of the lumbar multifidus and erector spinae muscles in patients with lumbar disc herniation with and without root compression
Authors: Yazici Alikemal , Yerlikaya Tuba 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Determination of muscle pathologies in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and other cases with low back pain is important for the understanding of low back problems and the determination of appropriate treatment methods. The aim of the current study was to compare degeneration and asymmetry of the lumbar musculus multifidus (MF) and lumbar musculus erector spinae (ES) muscles with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with lumbar discopathy with and without radiculopathy and to predict the importance of removal of root compression in patients with radiculopathy by revealing whether root compression has an effect on the severity of muscle degeneration.Methods: The patients were examined in 2 groups as 56 patients with lumbar discopathy and no radiculopathy (Non-rad group) and 51 patients with lumbar discopathy and radiculopathy (Rad group). On axial MRI slices passing the centre of the disc at L3-S1 level, the asymmetry, CSA, fat infiltration, and total CSA (TCSA=MF+ES) of the MF and ES muscles were measured and compared. Results: No difference was seen between the groups in respect of the CSA values of the right and left MF and left ES, and a significant difference was determined in the right ES CSA (p=0.021). The CSA and TCSA of the MF and ES showed no asymmetry according to the groups. Severe fat infiltration of >50% was determined in the Rad group at a higher rate than in the Non-rad group in the right and left MF and left ES. Fat infiltration was determined to be significantly correlated with age, body mass index, and duration of pain (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.004).Conclusions: The study results showed a correlation between LDH and paraspinal muscle degeneration, while no correlation was determined with asymmetry. It can be considered that severe (>50%) fat infiltration is associated with nerve root compression, originating from the development of more severe degeneration because of the denervation associated with the compression. Therefore, it can be recommended that immediate correction of nerve root compression with appropriate medical treatment methods to stop and correct denervation is applied, and in non-responsive cases, surgical elimination of the pressure.
Position Control of lower exoskeleton Rehabilitation system Based on an Optimized FADRC Controller
Authors: alawad nasir , HUMAIDI AMJAD , ALARAJI AHMED 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A rehabilitation exoskeleton with physiotherapists in their everyday using routine is gradually becoming the normal case. The Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC) is used in this article to control the proper execution of fundamental limb rehabilitation trainings. The experiment is carried out on a flexible single joint exoskeleton model, whose behavior is similar to that of a real robotic rehabilitation equipment. In this study, we used two ADRC configurations and compared their robustness to external and internal disturbances with uncertainty in system parameters, these classical or linear (LADRC) and optimized fractional ADRC (FADRC). According to the root mean square error (R.M.S.E) as a performance index tool, the results reveal that (FADRC) appears to be better than (LADRC).Matlab and the Simulink tools were used to create all simulation results.
Clinical Ethics Consultations: A Scoping Review of Reported Outcomes
Authors: Bell Jennifer A.H. , Salis Marina , Tong Eryn , Nekolaichuk Erica , Barned Claudia , Bianchi Andria , Buchman Daniel Z. , Rodrigues Kevin , Shanker Ruby R. , Heesters Ann M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Clinical ethics consultations (CEC) can be complex interventions, involving multiple methods, stakeholders, and competing ethical values. Despite longstanding calls for rigorous evaluation in the field, progress has been limited. The Medical Research Council (MRC) proposed guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of complex interventions. The evaluation of CEC may benefit from application of the MRC framework to advance the transparency and methodological rigor of this field. A first step is to understand the outcomes measured in evaluations of CEC in healthcare settings. Objective: The primary objective of this review was to identify and map the outcomes reported in primary studies of CEC. The secondary objective was to provide a comprehensive overview of CEC structures, processes, and roles to enhance understanding and to inform standardization.Methods: We searched electronic databases to identify primary studies of CEC involving patients, substitute decision-makers and/or family members, clinicians, healthcare staff and leaders. Outcomes were mapped across six conceptual domains as identified a priori, and were based on our clinical ethics experience and preliminary literature searches. These domains included personal factors, process factors, healthcare utilization, clinical factors, quality, and economic factors.Results: Forty-eight studies were included in the review. Studies were highly heterogeneous and varied considerably regarding format and process of ethical intervention, credentials of interventionist, population of study, outcomes reported, and measures employed. In addition, few studies used validated measurement tools. The top three outcome domains that studies reported on were quality (n=31), process factors (n=23), and clinical factors (n=16). The majority of studies examined multiple outcome domains. All six outcome domains were multidimensional and included a variety of subthemes.Conclusions: This scoping review represents the initial phase of mapping the outcomes reported in primary studies of CEC and identifying gaps in the evidence. The confirmed lack of standardization represents a hindrance to the provision of high quality intervention and CEC scientific progress. Insights gained can inform the development of a core outcome set to standardize outcome measures in CEC evaluation research and enable scientifically rigorous efficacy trials of CEC.
Modeling early changes associated with cartilage trauma into human-cell-laden hydrogel cartilage models
Authors: He Chunrong , Clark Karen L. , Tan Jian , Zhou Hecheng , Tuan Rocky S. , Lin Hang , Wu Song , Alexander Peter G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTraumatic impacts to the articular joint surface are known to lead to degeneration of the cartilage, as in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). While animal-based systems have been instrumental in understanding pathogenic progression of PTOA, they have not served to develop effective treatments for the disease. The limited progress in the development of disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) may be due to insufficient mechanistic understanding of human disease onset/progression that can, in part, be attributed to insufficient in vitro models for disease and therapeutic modeling. To overcome this insufficiency, we are testing hydrogel-based models using adult human mesenchymal stromal cells to examine the effects of traumatic impacts on human cell-based engineered cartilage constructs. We hypothesize that cells encapsulated within biomimetic scaffolds will respond to traumatic impacts in a manner congruent with early PTOA pathogenesis in animal models.MethodsEngineered cartilage constructs were fabricated by encapsulating adult human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) in a photocrosslinkable, biomimetic hydrogel (15% methacrylated gelatin, GelMA) that were chondrogenically differentiated for 28 days using TGF-b3. Constructs were subjected to traumatic impacts with different strains or 10 ng/ml IL-1b. Cell viability and metabolism, mechanical property, gene expression, matrix protein production and activation of catabolic enzymes were assessed.ResultsLive and dead staining results showed that traumatic impacts of 30% strain caused massive cell death in engineered cartilage constructs. Elastic modulus of engineered cartilage constructs decreased significantly after traumatic impacts. CCK8 assay results also showed significant cell death and metabolism decrease in the constructs. GAG production decreased 1 day after impacts but recovered 7 days after impact, as was also observed in safranin O staining and GAG assay. RT-PCR results and IHC results showed that anabolic activities were depressed and catabolic enzymes (MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5) were activated after impact. ConclusionTraumatic impacts delivered to engineered cartilage constructs induced PTOA-like changes in the encapsulated cells. The development of this in vitro PTOA model will contribute to development of DMOADs in the future.