bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left visual field bias during face perception aligns with individual differences in reading skills and is absent in dyslexia
Authors: Åsberg Johnels Jakob , Galazka Martyna A. , Sundqvist Maria , Hadjikhani Nouchine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhen looking at faces, we tend to attend more to the left visual field (corresponding to the right side of the person's face). This phenomenon is called the left visual field bias (LVF) and is presumed to reflect the brain's right‐sided dominance for face processing. Whether alterations in hemispheric dominance are present in dyslexia, and are linked with individual differences in word reading development more generally, is still unclear, and no prior research has utilized gaze‐based LVF bias to explore these topics.AimsThe aim of the study was to examine whether the LVF bias differs in dyslexia and to examine the association with word‐reading skills assessed dimensionally.SampleForty‐six 9–13 year‐old children with dyslexia and community control children, matched on age and listening comprehension.MethodsParticipants were presented with a recorded face on a screen while their gaze patterns were collected with an eye tracker. Fixations to the left versus the right side of the face stimuli were compared.ResultsResults showed a clear LVF bias in community controls, while no such bias was seen in the dyslexic group. Moreover, the strength of the LVF bias was correlated with better word reading in the controls.ConclusionsOur results suggest a link between weakened hemispheric dominance for face processing in dyslexia and in poor word reading, at least to the extent that the LVF bias actually mirrors underlying physiology. We discuss the implications of these novel findings, highlighting the need for future research to determine the specificity and developmental sources of LVF bias alterations.
Changes in children’s anger, sadness, and persistence across blocked goals: Implications for self‐regulation
Authors: Tan Lin , Shin Eunkyung , Page Kenyon , Smith Cynthia L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current study took a person‐centered approach to examine the heterogeneity of changes in children’s emotions and persistence during a goal‐blocking task and examined how different profiles of emotions and persistence related to children’s self‐regulation. Children’s anger, sadness, and persistence were rated in a goal‐blocking task in toddlerhood (T1;N = 140, 72 boys,Mage = 2.67 years, 90.7% White) and preschool (T2). Children’s self‐regulation, specifically sustained attention and engagement, was assessed at T1, T2, and early school‐age (T3) from 2005 to 2012. Growth mixture modeling revealed two classes of children at T1 and three classes at T2 with different patterns of anger, sadness, and persistence. Children’s classification at T2, but not T1, significantly predicted their sustained attention and engagement both concurrently and longitudinally.
The temporal dynamics of Large‐Scale brain network changes in disorders of consciousness: A Microstate‐Based study
Authors: Zhang Chunyun , Yang Yi , Han Shuai , Xu Long , Chen Xueling , Geng Xiaoli , Bie Li , He Jianghong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe resting‐state brain is composed of several discrete networks, which remain stable for 10–100 ms. These functional microstates are considered the building blocks of spontaneous consciousness. Electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis may provide insight into the altered brain dynamics underlying consciousness recovery in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). We aimed to analyze microstates in the resting‐state EEG source space in patients with DOC, the relationship between state‐specific features and consciousness levels, and the corresponding patterns of microstates and functional networks.MethodsWe obtained resting‐state EEG data from 84 patients with DOC (27 in a minimally conscious state [MCS] and 57 in a vegetative state [VS] or with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome). We conducted a microstate analysis of the resting‐state (EEG) source space and developed a state‐transition analysis protocol for patients with DOC.ResultsWe identified seven microstates with distinct spatial distributions of cortical activation. Multivariate pattern analyses revealed that different functional connectivity patterns were associated with source‐level microstates. There were significant differences in the microstate properties, including spatial activation patterns, temporal dynamics, state shifts, and connectivity construction, between the MCS and VS groups.DiscussionOur findings suggest that consciousness depends on complex dynamics within the brain and may originate from the anterior cortex.
Immunological mechanisms and treatable traits of chronic rhinosinusitis in Asia: A narrative review
Authors: Yao Yin , Zhu Hong‐Yu , Zeng Ming , Liu Zheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo review the current literature on immunological mechanisms and treatable traits of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in Asia.DesignThis is a narrative review of published data on the immunological mechanisms and treatable traits of CRS in Asia. Published English literature on CRS in Asian and Western countries was reviewed. Where available, the data extracted included epidemiology, immunology, bacterium, phenotype, endotype and treatment.Results and ConclusionCRS is a heterogeneous disease characterised by persistent locoregional mucosal inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. The inflammatory signatures of CRS vary across patients with distinct racial and ethnic backgrounds and geographic areas. Compared to CRS patients in Western countries, Asian CRS patients display less eosinophilic and Type 2 inflammation, which is associated with lower asthma and allergic rhinitis comorbidities. In contrast, Asian patients with CRS have more prominent non‐eosinophilic inflammation than those in Western countries. In addition, Asian CRS patients may have different bacterial colonisation than patients in Western countries. Our review suggests that the distinct immunological mechanisms between Asian and Western CRS patients may influence the clinical phenotype, responses to treatment and outcomes. The treatable trait is a new strategy and therapeutic target identified by phenotype or endotype and has been proposed as a new paradigm for the management of diseases. Improved understanding of CRS phenotypic and endotypic heterogeneity and incorporation of treatable traits into clinical care pathways may facilitate more effective selections of therapeutic interventions, including surgery and biologics.
Effective conservation planning of Iberian amphibians based on a regionalization of climate‐driven range shifts
Authors: Alagador Diogo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAmphibians are severely affected by climate change, particularly in regions where droughts prevail and water availability is scarce. The extirpation of amphibians triggers cascading effects that disrupt the trophic structure of food webs and ecosystems. Dedicated assessments of the spatial adaptive potential of amphibian species under climate change are, therefore, essential to provide guidelines for their effective conservation. I used predictions about the location of suitable climates for 27 amphibian species in the Iberian Peninsula from a baseline period to 2080 to typify shifting species’ ranges. The time at which these range types are expected to be functionally important for the adaptation of a species was used to identify full or partial refugia; areas most likely to be the home of populations moving into new climatically suitable grounds; areas most likely to receive populations after climate adaptive dispersal; and climatically unsuitable areas near suitable areas. I implemented an area prioritization protocol for each species to obtain a cohesive set of areas that would provide maximum adaptability and where management interventions should be prioritized. A connectivity assessment pinpointed where facilitative strategies would be most effective. Each of the 27 species had distinct spatial requirements but, common to all species, a bottleneck effect was predicted by 2050 because source areas for subsequent dispersal were small in extent. Three species emerged as difficult to maintain up to 2080. The Iberian northwest was predicted to capture adaptive range for most species. My study offers analytical guidelines for managers and decision makers to undertake systematic assessments on where and when to intervene to maximize the persistence of amphibian species and the functionality of the ecosystems that depend on them.
De novo KCNA6 variants with attenuated KV1.6 channel deactivation in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Salpietro Vincenzo , Galassi Deforie Valentina , Efthymiou Stephanie , O'Connor Emer , Marcé‐Grau Anna , Maroofian Reza , Striano Pasquale , Zara Federico , Morrow Michelle M. ,   SYNAPS Study Group, Reich Adi , Blevins Amy , Sala‐Coromina Júlia , Accogli Andrea , Fortuna Sara , Alesandrini Marie , Au P. Y. Billie , Singhal Nilika Shah , Cogne Benjamin , Isidor Bertrand , Hanna Michael G. , Macaya Alfons , Kullmann Dimitri M. , Houlden Henry , Männikkö Roope 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveMutations in the genes encoding neuronal ion channels are a common cause of Mendelian neurological diseases. We sought to identify novel de novo sequence variants in cases with early infantile epileptic phenotypes and neurodevelopmental anomalies.MethodsFollowing clinical diagnosis, we performed whole exome sequencing of the index cases and their parents. Identified channel variants were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and their functional properties assessed using two‐electrode voltage clamp.ResultsWe identified novel de novo variants in KCNA6 in four unrelated individuals variably affected with neurodevelopmental disorders and seizures with onset in the first year of life. Three of the four identified mutations affect the pore‐lining S6 α‐helix of KV1.6. A prominent finding of functional characterization in Xenopus oocytes was that the channel variants showed only minor effects on channel activation but slowed channel closure and shifted the voltage dependence of deactivation in a hyperpolarizing direction. Channels with a mutation affecting the S6 helix display dominant effects on channel deactivation when co‐expressed with wild‐type KV1.6 or KV1.1 subunits.SignificanceThis is the first report of de novo nonsynonymous variants in KCNA6 associated with neurological or any clinical features. Channel variants showed a consistent effect on channel deactivation, slowing the rate of channel closure following normal activation. This specific gain‐of‐function feature is likely to underlie the neurological phenotype in our patients. Our data highlight KCNA6 as a novel channelopathy gene associated with early infantile epileptic phenotypes and neurodevelopmental anomalies.
Four‐gene signature based on machine learning filtration could predict prognosis of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Liu Bo , Wang Huina , Wang Xin , Long Junqi , Zhuang Xujie , Ji Xinchan , Zhu Nian , Li Jinmeng , Gao Ting , Zhang Xuehui , Yu Jiangyong , Zhao Shuangtao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to propose a breast cancer prediction model for early diagnosis and prognosis management of breast cancer.ObjectiveIn order to explore the pathogenesis of breast cancer and develop accurate breast cancer screening and treatment methods, we have used machine‐learning technologies to conduct an in‐depth study of breast cancer genetic data to obtain new breast cancer signature and prognostic prediction models.MethodsWe explored an optimal cluster by unsupervised clustering methods with different expression genes (DEGs) between normal (n = 113) and tumour (n = 1,102) samples. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, we selected four biomarkers to develop a predictive model by Cox regression method in the training set (n = 1,083) and validated its predictive accuracy and independence in the testing sets (n = 2,480). Then Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed enriched biological pathways in clusters. Finally, we constructed a nomogram including this signature and other significant risk factors to predict survival rates in patients.ResultsFour mRNAs (CD163L1,QPRT,NKAIN1andTP53AIP1) between two clusters from 4,938 DEGs were identified, and then a four‐gene model (risk scores = 0.454*CD163L1–0.360*NKAIN1 + 0.581*QPRT + 0.788*TP53AIP1) was established to divide patients into high‐ and low‐risk group with significantly different prognosis (p < 0.0001) in the training set. Integrated analysis revealed dysregulated molecular processes including predominantly oncogenic signalling pathway, cell cycle and DNA repair in high‐risk group but enriched metabolism pathway in low‐risk group. In addition, this model had similar predictive value (HR >1.60;p < 0.05) in three independent validation sets, which could predict survival independently with more power compared with single clinical factor. In addition, the nomogram could predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients precisely in the training set and another three testing sets.ConclusionThis model could predict prognosis of breast cancer patients precisely and independently, and provide evidence to make treatment decisions and design clinical trials.
Absence of ULK1 decreases AMPK activity in the kidney, leading to chronic kidney disease progression
Authors: Yanagi Tomoki , Kikuchi Hiroaki , Susa Koichiro , Takahashi Naohiro , Bamba Hiroki , Suzuki Takefumi , Nakano Yuta , Fujiki Tamami , Mori Yutaro , Ando Fumiaki , Mandai Shintaro , Mori Takayasu , Takeuchi Koh , Honda Shinya , Torii Satoru , Shimizu Shigeomi , Rai Tatemitsu , Uchida Shinichi , Sohara Eisei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) inactivation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to energy status deterioration in the kidney, constituting the vicious cycle of CKD exacerbation. Unc‐51‐like kinase 1 (ULK1) is considered a downstream molecule of AMPK; however, it was recently reported that the activity of AMPK could be regulated by ULK1 conversely. We demonstrated that AMPK and ULK1 activities were decreased in the kidneys of CKD mice. However, whether and how ULK1 is involved in the underlying mechanism of CKD exacerbation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the ULK1 involvement in CKD, using ULK1 knockout mice. The CKD model of Ulk1−/− mice exhibited significantly exacerbated renal function and worsening renal fibrosis. In the kidneys of the CKD model of Ulk1−/− mice, reduced AMPK and its downstream β‐oxidation could be observed, leading to an energy deficit of increased AMP/ATP ratio. In addition, AMPK signaling in the kidney was reduced in control Ulk1−/− mice with normal renal function compared to control wild‐type mice, suggesting that ULK1 deficiency suppressed AMPK activity in the kidney. This study is the first to present ULK1 as a novel therapeutic target for CKD treatment, which regulates AMPK activity in the kidney.
A typology of sexism in contemporary business schools: Belligerent, benevolent, ambivalent, and oblivious sexism
Authors: Yarrow Emily , Davies Julie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe legitimacy of business schools is based on rankings, revenues, branding, and opportunities to support staff and students “to make a difference in the world”. Yet sexism in business schools is endemic. Drawing on Acker's inequality regimes framework and a thematic analysis of reports in Poets&Quants, EFMD's Global Focus and AACSB International's BizEd/AACSB Insights over a decade, this study explores how business schools are dealing (or not) with sexism. We propose a typology of four categories of sexism in business schools: belligerent, benevolent, ambivalent, and oblivious sexism. Our findings contribute to understandings of institutional theory and the institutional development of business schools as important sites of (sexist and gendered) knowledge production and dissemination and entrenched inequalities. We posit that media constructions of sexism may better inform individual decisions, organizational development, and governance about the imperative to eliminate sexist behaviors and discrimination. We argue that business schools need to gain substantive legitimacy as effective role models by reforming themselves. They must actively tackle institutional and cultural sexism from within. Implications for practice include the effective inclusion of mandatory sexism reporting in international business school accreditation standards and rankings criteria as well as requirements for research funding.
A Water and Heat Coupling Model for GW‐SW Interaction Considering Nonuniform Heat Transfer Effects of Soil
Authors: Zhang Wenbing , Ren Jie , Shen Zhenzhong , Ma Baotai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn accurate groundwater‐surface water (GW‐SW) and heat coupling model (WHCM) aids in exploration of water migration and heat transport laws in the sedimentary layers of riverbeds and riparian zones, which is critical for understanding the transport patterns of contaminants in sediments. In this paper, a novel WHCM for GW‐SW interaction is proposed by incorporating an effective soil thermal conductive model (ESTCM) into the advection‐dispersion equation to address the shortcomings of current simulations that fail to account for the nonuniform heat transfer of soil. The model is developed in COMSOL, and the numerical implementation method is illustrated in detail. Furthermore, six recommended ESTCMs are examined in the WHCM to validate and compare the model simulation effects based on field test observations in the Walker River, USA. The results demonstrate that the proposed model performs better than the model that does not account for the nonuniform heat transfer effects of the soil in simulating GW‐SW water and heat exchange. Meanwhile, the proposed model's simulation effects based on the Y2019 model perform the best. The orthogonal test revealed that the hydraulic conductivity ks and porosity n are the two most sensitive parameters influencing the model output results of groundwater seepage velocity and temperature, respectively. The efforts of this work can offer technical assistance and a guide for enhancing the simulation effect of river GW‐SW water and heat exchange.
Significance of ramucirumab following atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma using real‐world data
Authors: Shimose Shigeo , Sugimoto Rie , Hiraoka Atsushi , Tanaka Masatoshi , Iwamoto Hideki , Tanaka Yuki , Tada Fujimasa , Ohama Hideko , Niizeki Takashi , Shirono Tomotake , Moriyama Etsuko , Noda Yu , Kamachi Naoki , Nakano Masahito , Kuromatsu Ryoko , Koga Hironori , Kawaguchi Takumi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimFew studies have reported the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab (RAM) after atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Beva) treatment and the overall associated outcomes. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of RAM post‐treatment with Atezo/Beva.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 46 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated with RAM. The patients were classified into the RAM administered following Atezo/Beva failure (n = 12) or RAM administered following other drug failure (n = 34) groups. Progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse event (AE) rates were assessed.ResultsThere were significant differences in the objective response rates and disease control rates between the RAM administered following Atezo/Beva and RAM administered following others groups (objective response rate 33.3%. vs. 0.0%, p = 0.001; disease control rate 83.3% vs. 32.3, p = 0.001). Although there was no significant difference in the OS rates, the median PFS rates in the RAM administered following Atezo/Beva group was significantly higher than in the RAM administered following others group (PFS 3.9 months. vs. 1.9 months, p = 0.047). The AE rates were comparable between the two groups; ascites was the most common AE (45.6%). Using decision tree analysis, the presence of splenomegaly and body mass index (BMI) < 19.8 were the first and second splitting variables for RAM‐related ascites, respectively.ConclusionsThe therapeutic effect of RAM increased in patients with Atezo/Beva failure. Patients with splenomegaly and low BMI should be monitored for ascites during RAM treatment.
Facile route for synthesis of strontium hexaborate crystalline powders
Authors: Solgi Somayeh , Ghamsari Morteza Sasani 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a solid‐state reaction route was developed to synthesize SrB6O10 crystalline powders. Regarding the last preparation methods, a short process time of synthesis was achieved that has not reported before. The prepared sample was characterized using various methods, such as X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and diffuse reflection spectroscopy. The obtained results proved that the prepared sample at temperature 840°C with 2.5 h duration consists of SrB6O10 crystalline powders with 4.96 eV bandgap.
Epidemiological trends and survival outcomes for dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the head and neck region
Authors: Go Cammille C. , Lahaie Luna Gabriela M. , Briceño César A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven the rarity of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) of the head and neck, the incidence and prognosis specific to this region are poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to determine epidemiology, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognostic factors of patients with DFSP of the head and neck region, using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsA cohort analysis was performed for primary head and neck DFSP reported to the SEER database between 2000 and 2018. Overall survival was determined using Kaplan–Meier analysis while Cox regression modeling was used to examine predictive factors.ResultsA total of 681 cases were reported to the SEER database between 2000 and 2018. Incidence rates decreased over time. Overall survival was 94%, and disease‐specific survival was 99% at 5 years. Cases of head and neck DFSP were found to occur more frequently in males. There was no difference in incidence rates between White patients and Black patients. Age ≥ 60 years old, tumor size, and living location were the most significant predictors of overall survival.ConclusionsThis analysis of DFSP of the head and neck demonstrates a downward trend in incidence, higher age‐standardized incidence in males, and similar race‐based incidences, which differs from data reported on DFSP of other anatomic locations.