bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
We Choose to Call it ‘Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy’: Findings of AO Spine RECODE-DCM, an International and Multi-Stakeholder Partnership to Agree a Standard Unifying Term and Definition for a Disease
Authors: Davies Benjamin M. , Khan Danyal Z , Barzangi Kara , Ali Ahmad , Mowforth Oliver D. , Nouri Aria , Harrop James S. , Aarabi Bizhan , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Kurpad Shekar N , Guest James D. , Tetreault Lindsay , Kwon Brian K. , Boerger Timothy F , Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo , Furlan Julio C. , Chen Robert , Zipser Carl Moritz , Curt Armin , Milligan James , Kalsi-Rayn Sukhivinder , Sarewitz Ellen , Sadler Iwan , Widdop Shirley , Fehlings Michael G. , Kotter Mark R.N. 
Published: June 2022

Study Design Modified DELPHI Consensus Process Objective To agree a single unifying term and definition. Globally, cervical myelopathy caused by degenerative changes to the spine is known by over 11 different names. This inconsistency contributes to many clinical and research challenges, including a lack of awareness. Method AO Spine RECODE-DCM (Research objectives and Common Data Elements Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy). To determine the index term, a longlist of candidate terms and their rationale, was created using a literature review and interviews. This was shared with the community, to select their preferred terms (248 members (58%) including 149 (60%) surgeons, 45 (18%) other healthcare professionals and 54 (22%) People with DCM or their supporters) and finalized using a consensus meeting. To determine a definition, a medical definition framework was created using inductive thematic analysis of selected International Classification of Disease definitions. Separately, stakeholders submitted their suggested definition which also underwent inductive thematic analysis (317 members (76%), 190 (59%) surgeons, 62 (20%) other healthcare professionals and 72 (23%) persons living with DCM or their supporters). Using this definition framework, a working definition was created based on submitted content, and finalized using consensus meetings. Results Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy was selected as the unifying term, defined in short, as a progressive spinal cord injury caused by narrowing of the cervical spinal canal Conclusion A consistent term and definition can support education and research initiatives. This was selected using a structured and iterative methodology, which may serve as an exemplar for others in the future.
Smell and Taste Symptoms Among Patients With Mild and Moderately Severe COVID‐19 Infection in Uganda
Authors: Byaruhanga Richard , Kabagenyi Fiona , Kagga Douglas Ssenyonjo , Ndoleriire Christopher , Kamulegeya Adriane , Ssemwogerere Lamech , Kiguba Ronald , Kirenga Bruce , Kakande Emily 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivePatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) may present with smell/taste dysfunctions in addition to the most frequent symptoms (fever, cough, and shortness of breath) or as the first symptom or even the only symptom. There is paucity of documentation of prevalence and characteristics of smell/taste dysfunction in COVID‐19 in sub‐Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of smell/taste symptoms in our setting to institute local evidence‐based practice.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingCOVID‐19 treatment centers in Uganda.MethodsPatients hospitalized for COVID‐19 at 3 treatment sites from November 2020 to March 2021 were recruited. Following written informed consent, their demographics, comorbidities, and smell/taste symptoms data were collected using a questionnaire.ResultsOf 614 patients recruited, 409 (63.8%) had mild symptoms and 232 (36.2%) had moderate to severe symptoms; 64.3% were male, and the mean age was 48.6 ± 15.51 years. In total, 23.1% were health responders and 12.2% had contact with a positive case. Smell and taste impairment was seen in 425 (66.3%) patients, second to cough (71.6%). Smell and taste impairment was seen in 162 (38.1%) as the first symptom, in 128 (30%) as the only symptom, and significantly more in those with mild COVID‐19 symptoms (P <. 001).ConclusionCOVID‐19 manifests with various symptoms, including impairment of smell and taste. This study shows that smell and taste impairment is common and can be the first and only symptom in less severe COVID‐19 infections. Therefore, inclusion in the Ministry of Health guidelines is strongly recommended.
Regulation of mi-RNAs Target Cancer Genes Between Exercise and Non-exercise in Rat Rheumatoid Arthritis Induction: Pilot Study
Authors: Tansathitaya Vimolmas , Sarasin Witchana , Phakham Tanapati , Sawaswong Vorthon , Chanchaem Prangwalai , Payungporn Sunchai 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with various cancers. Many studies have investigated physical exercise interventions as health improvements to ameliorate the risk of cancer during rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis. Recently, microRNAs were used as biomarkers for health assessment and cancer prediction in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methods: The effects of exercise interventions on serum microRNAs were investigated in pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) rat models. Twelve Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups including non-exercise without PIA (N-EX), non-exercise with PIA (N-EX + PIA), exercise without PIA (EX) and exercise with PIA (EX + PIA). Blood samples were collected at the end of the study period to analyze miRNA biomarkers and target cancer gene predictions. Results: Four significant Rattus norvegicus (rno-microRNAs) may purpose as tumor suppressors were identified as potential target cancer gene candidate expressions within the 4 comparative interventional exercise groups. One rno-microRNA and target cancer gene candidate was up-regulated and 3 rno-microRNAs and their target cancer genes were down-regulated. Conclusions: Exercise interventions affected rno-miRNAs regulated target cancer gene candidates ITPR3, SOCS6, ITGA6, and NKX2-1 as biomarkers for cancer prognosis in rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.
Physioxia-induced downregulation of Tet2 in hematopoietic stem cells contributes to enhanced self-renewal
Authors: Aljoufi Arafat , Zhang Chi , Ropa James , Chang Wennan , Palam Lakshmi Reddy , Cooper Scott , Ramdas Baskar , Capitano Maegan L. , Broxmeyer Hal E. , Kapur Reuben 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) manifest impaired recovery and self-renewal with a concomitant increase in differentiation when exposed to ambient air as opposed to physioxia. Mechanism(s) behind this distinction are poorly understood but have the potential to improve stem cell transplantation. Single-cell RNA sequencing of HSCs in physioxia revealed upregulation of HSC self-renewal genes and downregulation of genes involved in inflammatory pathways and HSC differentiation. HSCs under physioxia also exhibited downregulation of the epigenetic modifier Tet2. Tet2 is α-ketoglutarate, iron- and oxygen-dependent dioxygenase that converts 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, thereby promoting active transcription. We evaluated whether loss of Tet2 affects the number and function of HSCs and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) under physioxia and ambient air. In contrast to wild-type HSCs (WT HSCs), a complete nonresponsiveness of Tet2−/− HSCs and HPCs to changes in oxygen tension was observed. Unlike WT HSCs, Tet2−/− HSCs and HPCs exhibited similar numbers and function in either physioxia or ambient air. The lack of response to changes in oxygen tension in Tet2−/− HSCs was associated with similar changes in self-renewal and quiescence genes among WT HSC-physioxia, Tet2−/− HSC-physioxia and Tet2−/− HSC-air. We define a novel molecular program involving Tet2 in regulating HSCs under physioxia.
Abnormal metaphase cytogenetics predicts venous thromboembolism in myeloma: derivation and validation of the PRISM score
Authors: Chakraborty Rajshekhar , Rybicki Lisa , Wei Wei , Valent Jason , Faiman Beth M. , Samaras Christy J. , Anwer Faiz , Khorana Alok A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an important treatment and disease-related complication in myeloma, a validated risk prediction model including disease-specific variables such as cytogenetics or tumor burden is lacking. The aim of this study was to develop a new risk prediction model for VTE in the context of modern antimyeloma therapy. All consecutive patients diagnosed at the Cleveland Clinic between 2008 and 2018 and with available data on baseline candidate risk factors constituted the derivation cohort. The primary outcome was VTE (deep venous thrombosis/pulmonary embolism) within 1 year of treatment initiation. A multivariable model was used, and weights were derived from subdistribution hazard ratios to construct a risk score. The model was validated both by internal bootstrap validation and in an external validation cohort. The derivation cohort consisted of 783 patients. A 5-component risk prediction tool, named the PRISM score, was developed, including the following variables: prior VTE, prior surgery, immunomodulatory drug use, abnormal metaphase cytogenetics, and Black race. The c-statistic of the model was 0.622 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.567-0.674). The model stratified patients into low, intermediate, and high risk, with 12-month cumulative VTE incidence of 2.7%, 10.8%, and 36.5%, respectively. Risk of VTE increased significantly with increasing score in both the derivation and the external validation data sets, with a subdistribution hazard ratio per 1-point increase of 1.28 (95% CI, 1.19-1.39; P &lt; .001) and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.07-1.41; P = .004) respectively. Although the PRISM score can guide clinicians in identifying patients at a high risk of VTE, additional external validation is necessary for incorporation into routine clinical practice.
ICH in primary or metastatic brain cancer patients with or without anticoagulant treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Giustozzi Michela , Proietti Giulia , Becattini Cecilia , Roila Fausto , Agnelli Giancarlo , Mandalà Mario 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Anticoagulant treatment in patients with primary and metastatic brain cancer is a concern due to risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of ICH in patients with primary or metastatic brain cancer treated with or without anticoagulants. Articles on ICH in patients with primary or metastatic brain cancer treated with or without anticoagulants published up to September 2021 were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcome of this analysis was ICH. Thirty studies were included. Rate of ICH was 13.0% in 1009 patients with metastatic brain cancer and 6.4% in 2353 patients with primary brain cancer (relative risk [RR], 3.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.69-3.94; I2 = 92.8%). In patients with primary brain cancer, ICH occurred in 12.5% and 4.4% of patients treated with or without anticoagulants, respectively (11 studies, 659 treated and 1346 not treated patients; RR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.48-4.67; I2 = 49.6%). In patients with metastatic brain cancer, ICH occurred in 14.7% and 15.4% (5 studies, 265 treated and 301 not treated patients; RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.43-1.93; I2 = 0%). ICH occurred in 8.3% of 172 treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and in 11.7% of 278 treated with low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (5 studies; RR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25-0.79; I2 = 0%). Patients with metastatic brain cancer have a particularly high risk of ICH. Patients with primary brain cancer have an increased risk of ICH during anticoagulation. DOACs are associated with a lower risk of ICH than LMWH.
Focusing on individual morphological fracture characteristics of pelvic ring fractures in elderly patients can support clinical decision making
Authors: Ramser Michaela , Cadosch Dieter , Vach Werner , Strub Nathalie , Saxer Franziska , Eckardt Henrik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Pelvic ring fractures in the elderly are often caused by minor trauma. Treatment of these patients is currently based on fracture classification, clinical course, and ability to mobilize. Our aim was to identify morphological fracture characteristics with potential prognostic relevance and evaluate their association with clinical decision making and outcome, as well as their interobserver reliability.

Methods
Five fracture characteristics were investigated as potential variables: 1. Extent of the dorsal pelvic ring fracture (absent, unilateral, bilateral); 2. Extent of the ventral pelvic ring fracture (absent, unilateral, bilateral); 3. Presence of a horizontal sacral fracture; 4. Ventral dislocation; 5. Ventral comminution.
These characteristics were assessed retrospectively in a series of 548 patients. The association of their presence with the decision to perform surgery, failure of conservative treatment and the length of hospital stay (LOS) was determined. Further, the inter-observer reliability for the specific characteristics was calculated and the relation with survival assessed.

Results
Four of the five evaluated characteristics showed an association with clinical decision making and patient management. In particular the extent of the dorsal fractures (absent vs. unilateral vs. bilateral) (OR = 7.0; p < 00.1) and the presence of ventral comminution/dislocation (OR = 2.4; p = 0.004) were independent factors for the decision to perform surgery. Both the extent of the dorsal fracture (OR = 1.8; p < 0.001) and the presence of ventral dislocation (OR = 1.7; p = 0.003) were independently associated with a prolonged overall LOS.
The inter-observer agreement for the fracture characteristics ranged from moderate to substantial.
A relevant association with increased mortality was shown for horizontal sacral and comminuted ventral fractures with hazard ratios (HR) of 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1, 2.5; p = 0.008) and HR = 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0, 2.2; p = 0.048).

Conclusion
In the elderly, the extent of the dorsal fractures and the presence of ventral comminution/dislocation were associated to the decision to undergo surgery, failure of conservative treatment and length of stay. Survival was related to horizontal sacral fractures and ventrally comminuted fractures. These characteristics thus represent a simplified but highly informative approach for the evaluation of pelvic ring fractures in the elderly. This approach can support clinical decision making, promote patient-centred treatment algorithms and thus improve the outcome of individualized care.
Risk factors for campylobacteriosis in Australia: outcomes of a 2018–2019 case–control study
Authors: Cribb Danielle M. , Varrone Liana , Wallace Rhiannon L. , McLure Angus T. , Smith James J. , Stafford Russell J. , Bulach Dieter M. , Selvey Linda A. , Firestone Simon M. , French Nigel P. , Valcanis Mary , Fearnley Emily J. , Sloan-Gardner Timothy S. , Graham Trudy , Glass Kathryn , Kirk Martyn D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to identify risk factors for sporadic campylobacteriosis in Australia, and to compare these for Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli infections.

Methods
In a multi-jurisdictional case–control study, we recruited culture-confirmed cases of campylobacteriosis reported to state and territory health departments from February 2018 through October 2019. We recruited controls from notified influenza cases in the previous 12 months that were frequency matched to cases by age group, sex, and location. Campylobacter isolates were confirmed to species level by public health laboratories using molecular methods. We conducted backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression to identify significant risk factors.

Results
We recruited 571 cases of campylobacteriosis (422 C. jejuni and 84 C. coli) and 586 controls. Important risk factors for campylobacteriosis included eating undercooked chicken (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 70, 95% CI 13–1296) or cooked chicken (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.8), owning a pet dog aged < 6 months (aOR 6.4, 95% CI 3.4–12), and the regular use of proton-pump inhibitors in the 4 weeks prior to illness (aOR 2.8, 95% CI 1.9–4.3). Risk factors remained similar when analysed specifically for C. jejuni infection. Unique risks for C. coli infection included eating chicken pâté (aOR 6.1, 95% CI 1.5–25) and delicatessen meats (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0–3.3). Eating any chicken carried a high population attributable fraction for campylobacteriosis of 42% (95% CI 13–68), while the attributable fraction for proton-pump inhibitors was 13% (95% CI 8.3–18) and owning a pet dog aged < 6 months was 9.6% (95% CI 6.5–13). The population attributable fractions for these variables were similar when analysed by campylobacter species. Eating delicatessen meats was attributed to 31% (95% CI 0.0–54) of cases for C. coli and eating chicken pâté was attributed to 6.0% (95% CI 0.0–11).

Conclusions
The main risk factor for campylobacteriosis in Australia is consumption of chicken meat. However, contact with young pet dogs may also be an important source of infection. Proton-pump inhibitors are likely to increase vulnerability to infection.
Mutations of 1p genes do not consistently abrogate tumor suppressor functions in 1p-intact neuroblastoma
Authors: Kuick Chik Hong , Tan Jia Ying , Jasmine Deborah , Sumanty Tohari , Ng Alvin Y. J. , Venkatesh Byrrappa , Chen Huiyi , Loh Eva , Jain Sudhanshi , Seow Wan Yi , Ng Eileen H. Q. , Lian Derrick W. Q. , Soh Shui Yen , Chang Kenneth T. E. , Chen Zhi Xiong , Loh Amos H. P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Deletion of 1p is associated with poor prognosis in neuroblastoma, however selected 1p-intact patients still experience poor outcomes. Since mutations of 1p genes may mimic the deleterious effects of chromosomal loss, we studied the incidence, spectrum and effects of mutational variants in 1p-intact neuroblastoma.

Methods
We characterized the 1p status of 325 neuroblastoma patients, and correlated the mutational status of 1p tumor suppressors and neuroblastoma candidate genes with survival outcomes among 100 1p-intact cases, then performed functional validation of selected novel variants of 1p36 genes identified from our patient cohort.

Results
Among patients with adverse disease characteristics, those who additionally had 1p deletion had significantly worse overall survival. Among 100 tumor-normal pairs sequenced, somatic mutations of 1p tumor suppressors KIF1Bβ and CHD5 were most frequent (2%) after ALK and ATRX (8%), and BARD1 (3%). Mutations of neuroblastoma candidate genes were associated with other synchronous mutations and concurrent 11q deletion (P = 0.045). In total, 24 of 38 variants identified were novel and predicted to be deleterious or pathogenic. Functional validation identified novel KIF1Bβ I1355M variant as a gain-of-function mutation with increased expression and tumor suppressive activity, correlating with indolent clinical behavior; another novel variant CHD5 E43Q was a loss-of-function mutation with decreased expression and increased long-term cell viability, corresponding with aggressive disease characteristics.

Conclusions
Our study showed that chromosome 1 gene mutations occurred frequently in 1p-intact neuroblastoma, but may not consistently abrogate the function of bonafide 1p tumor suppressors. These findings may augment the evolving model of compounding contributions of 1p gene aberrations toward tumor suppressor inactivation in neuroblastoma.
Potential association of bone mineral density loss with cognitive impairment and central and peripheral amyloid-β changes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhou Yi , Chen Gang , Li Jun , Wang Bangjun , Lu Xinyan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is some evidence in the literature that older adults with cognitive impairments have a higher risk for falls and osteoporotic hip fractures. Currently, the associations between bone health and cognitive health have not been extensively studied. Thus, the present cross-sectional study aims to investigate the relationship between markers of bone loss and cognitive performance in older adults with and without osteopenia as well as older adults with cognitive impairments (i.e., Alzheimer’s disease [AD]).MethodsSixty-two non-osteopenia participants and one hundred three osteopenia participants as the cohort 1 and 33 cognitively normal non-AD participants and 39 AD participants as the cohort 2 were recruited. To assess cognitive and bone health, hip bone mineral density (BMD) and cognitive performance (via Minimal Mental State Examination [MMSE] and/or Auditory Verbal Learning Test-delayed recall [AVLT-DR]) were assessed. Furthermore, in cohort 1, plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels, and in cohort 2, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ levels were determined.ResultsWe observed that (1) compared with non-osteopenia participants, BMD values (t = − 22.806; 95%CI: − 1.801, − 1.484;p < 0.001), MMSE scores (t = − 5.392; 95%CI: − 3.260, − 1.698;p < 0.001), and AVLT-DR scores (t = − 4.142; 95%CI: − 2.181, − 0.804;p < 0.001), plasma Aβ42 levels (t = − 2.821; 95%CI: − 1.737, − 0.305;p = 0.01), and Aβ42/40 ratio (t = − 2.020; 95%CI: − 0.009, − 0.001;p = 0.04) were significantly lower in osteopenia participants; (2) plasma Aβ42/40 ratio showed a mediate effect for the association between BMD values and the performance of cognitive function in osteopenia participants by mediation analysis, adjusting age, sex, years of education, and body mass index (BMI); (3) BMD values (95%CI: − 1.085, 0.478;p < 0.001) were significantly reduced in AD participants as compared with cognitively normal non-AD participants; (4) in AD participants, the interactive effects of BMD and CSF Aβ42/40 ratio on MMSE scores was found by regression analysis, controlling age, sex, years of education, and BMI; (5) BMD can distinguish AD participants from cognitively normal non-AD participants with AUC of 0.816 and distinguish participants with the cognitive impairment from cognitively normal participants with AUC of 0.794.ConclusionOur findings suggest a relationship between bone health and cognitive health. Given the correlations between BMD and important markers of cognitive health (e.g.,central and peripheral pathological change of Aβ), BMD might serve as a promising and easy-accessible biomarker. However, more research is needed to further substantiate our findings.