bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous ganaxolone for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus: Results from an open‐label, dose‐finding, phase 2 trial
Authors: Vaitkevicius Henrikas , Ramsay R. Eugene , Swisher Christa B. , Husain Aatif M. , Aimetti Alex , Gasior Maciej 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivePatients with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) have failed treatment with benzodiazepines and ≥1 second‐line intravenous (IV) antiseizure medication (ASM). Guidelines recommend IV anesthesia when second‐line ASMs have failed, but potential harms can outweigh the benefits. Novel treatments are needed to stop and durably control RSE without escalation to IV anesthetics. Ganaxolone is an investigational neuroactive steroid in development for RSE treatment. This study's objective was to determine the appropriate dosing for IV ganaxolone in RSE and obtain a preliminary assessment of efficacy and safety.MethodsThis was an open‐label, phase 2 trial conducted from February 19, 2018 to September 18, 2019, at three sites in the United States. Patients were aged ≥12 years, had convulsive or nonconvulsive SE, and failed to respond to ≥1 second‐line IV ASM. Twenty‐one patients were screened; 17 were enrolled. Patients received IV ganaxolone added to standard‐of‐care ASMs. Ganaxolone infusion was initiated as an IV bolus (over 3 min) with continuous infusion of decreasing infusion rates for 48–96 h followed by an 18‐h taper. There were three ganaxolone dosing cohorts: low, 500 mg/day; medium, 650 mg/day; and high, 713 mg/day. The primary end point was the number of patients not requiring escalation to IV anesthetic treatment within 24 h of ganaxolone initiation.ResultsMost of the 17 enrolled patients (65%) had nonconvulsive SE, and had failed a median of three prior ASMs, including first‐line benzodiazepine and second‐line IV ASM therapy. Median time to SE cessation following ganaxolone initiation was 5 min. No patient required escalation to third‐line IV anesthetics during the 24‐h period following ganaxolone initiation. Two treatment‐related serious adverse events (sedation) were reported. Of the three deaths, none was considered related to ganaxolone; all occurred 9–22 days after completing ganaxolone.SignificanceIV ganaxolone achieved rapid and durable seizure control in patients with RSE, and showed acceptable safety and tolerability.
Welfare state dissatisfaction and support for major welfare reform: Towards means‐tested welfare or a universal basic income?
Authors: Laenen Tijs , Gugushvili Dimitri 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis research note investigates how people combine their views on two radically opposing welfare reforms: a universal basic income and a fully means‐tested welfare state. Using data from the 2016–2017 European Social Survey, we found that support for transformative welfare reform is rooted in perceptions of the performance of the current system. The preferred direction of reform, however, strongly depends on the specific aspects of the welfare state people are happy or unhappy with. At the country‐level, we show that underperforming welfare states—in terms of higher poverty rates and lower social spending—increase popular demand for transformative welfare reform, in either direction. These findings are of crucial importance for ongoing debates about the future of the welfare state.
Nursing leadership to facilitate patient participation in fundamental care: An ethnographic qualitative study
Authors: Bahlman‐van Ooijen Wilmieke , van Belle Elise , Bank Arnold , de Man‐Van Ginkel Janneke , Huisman‐de Waal Getty , Heinen Maud 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsTo explore and describe hospital nurses' perceptions of leadership behaviours in facilitating patient participation in fundamental care.DesignAn ethnographic interview study.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews with 12 nurses with a bachelor's or master's degree working at a university medical centre were conducted between February and April 2021. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsSix themes were derived from the data: (1) nursing leadership; (2) patient participation; (3) using patients' preferences; (4) building relationships; (5) task‐focused nursing; (6) need for role modelling.ConclusionNurses indicated leadership behaviour to facilitate patient participation in fundamental care as inviting patients to participate and eliciting and supporting patients' preferences. Although nurses also regarded leadership as motivating colleagues to act and enhancing evidence‐based practice, they appeared not to practise this themselves about patient participation. Role modelling was indicated as a need for improvement.ImpactThe findings established that not all leadership behaviours mentioned were used in practice about patient participation in fundamental care. Role modelling and the use of evidence‐based practice are needed to increase patient participation. Further research will be necessary to develop and test leadership interventions to improve patient participation in fundamental care.
The link between cutaneous inflammation and cognitive impairment
Authors: Wen S. , Elias P.M. , Wakefield J.S. , Mauro T.M. , Man M.‐Q. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCognitive impairment is a symptom of neurological disorders, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease; and mild cognitive impairment can be a precursor of both disorders. Aged humans and animal models with other systemic disorders, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, display a higher incidence of cognitive decline. Epidemiological studies have shown that the incidence of cognitive impairment also is higher in subjects with certain inflammatory skin disorders, including psoriasis and chronic eczematous dermatitis. Chronologically aged individuals exhibit increased cutaneous inflammation and elevated circulating cytokine levels, linked to alterations in epidermal function, which itself can induce cutaneous inflammation. Conversely, strategies that improve epidermal function can lower cytokine levels in both the skin and circulation. Thus, it seems likely that epidermal dysfunction could contribute, at least in part, to the development of chronic low‐grade inflammation, also termed ‘inflammaging’, in the elderly. The evidence of cognitive impairment in patients with inflammatory dermatoses suggests a link between cutaneous inflammation and cognitive impairment. Because of the pathogenic role of epidermal dysfunction in ageing‐associated cutaneous inflammation, improvements in epidermal function could be an alternative approach for mitigation of the ageing‐associated decline in cognitive function.
Association of lower urinary tract symptoms and diuretic adherence
Authors: Miller Matthew L. , Reed Brent N. , Malik Rena D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether more severe urinary symptoms and poorer quality of life among patients on diuretic therapy are associated with decreased adherence to the diuretic regimen.MethodsParticipants were recruited via ResearchMatch.org and sent a REDCap survey. The Overactive Bladder Questionnaire‐Short Form (OAB‐q SF) was used to assess urinary symptom bother and health‐related quality of life (HRQL). Participants were asked if they skip diuretic doses due to urinary symptoms with a bivariate (yes or no) outcome. Subgroup analyses of loop vs non‐loop diuretic and those taking the diuretic for a cardiovascular indication (hypertension or heart failure) were performed.ResultsA total of 4029 surveys were sent, 285 were returned (7.1% response rate), and 279 were included in the study. Fifty‐three participants admitted to skipping diuretic doses due to urinary symptoms. Lower HRQL scores were significantly associated with poorer adherence scores among all participants (P < .001), among participants taking a loop diuretic (P < .001), and among participants with hypertension and heart failure (P < .039). Association between symptoms and adherence remained significant after adjustment in the multivariate model for the whole cohort and loop diuretic subgroup but lost significance in the hypertension and heart failure subgroup.ConclusionsWorsening quality of life due to urinary symptoms may be associated with poorer adherence to diuretics, particularly loop diuretics.
Eckhart’s Systematics: Christ the God‐Human Ground
Authors: Vale Matthew 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMeister Eckhart’s notion of the ground (grunt) is a full‐bore speculative Christological protology‐cum‐eschatology. This essay reconstructs a systematic account of it unavailable elsewhere, and proposes it to contemporary systematics. The ground is the higher aeon of eternity, where God ceaselessly and primordially creates, the Son becomes incarnate, and the eternal incarnation joins creatures to the Father’s primal unity. In the ground, the creation is supratemporally always being protologically brought forth and eschatologically consummated. This bringing forth and consummating is none other than the eternal incarnation: the primordial birthing of all creatures as the “one Christ” (éin Kristus), the universal God‐human (mensche‐got). The God‐human unity of the ground, in fact, just is Christ: the lived identity of divine and human natures as a single personal esse. For Eckhart, these claims are not eccentric. They follow from basic Christian premises. If God is fully actual, then all God’s proper acts are atemporally fully actual. There is, then, a higher aeon where the creation that is the terminus of God’s fully actual act is primordially always being consummated. God’s creating, becoming human, and joining creatures to himself is co‐primordial with God being God: it belongs to God’s proper life. This is the unity of the ground, and it is, in fact, the unity of the primordial incarnation.
Carotid doppler ultrasonography as a method to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated children
Authors: de Souza Thalita Belato , Rubio Aline Junqueira , Carioca Fernando de Lima , Ferraz Isabel de Siqueira , Brandão Marcelo Barciela , Nogueira Roberto José Negrão , de Souza Tiago Henrique 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to investigate whether respiratory variations in carotid and aortic blood flows measured by Doppler ultrasonography could accurately predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill children.MethodsThis was a prospective single‐center study including mechanically ventilated children who underwent fluid replacement at the discretion of the attending physician. Response to fluid load was defined by a stroke volume increase of more than 15%. Maximum and minimum values of velocity peaks were determined over one controlled respiratory cycle before and after volume expansion. Respiratory changes in velocity peak of the carotid (∆Vpeak_Ca) and aortic (∆Vpeak_Ao) blood flows were calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum values divided by the mean of the two values and were expressed as a percentage.ResultsA total of 30 patients were included, of which twelve (40%) were fluid responders and 18 (60%) non‐responders. Before volume expansion, both ∆Vpeak_Ca and ∆Vpeak_Ao were higher in responders than in non‐responders (17.1% vs 4.4%; p < .001 and 22.8% vs 6.4%; p < .001, respectively). ∆Vpeak_Ca could effectively predict fluid responsiveness (AUC 1.00, 95% CI 0.88–1.00), as well as ∆Vpeak_Ao (AUC 0.94, 95% CI 0.80–0.99). The best cutoff values were 10.6% for ∆Vpeak_Ca (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 100%) and 18.2% for ∆Vpeak_Ao (sensitivity, 91.7%; specificity, 88.9%; positive predictive value, 84.6%; negative predictive value, 94.1%). Volume expansion‐induced changes in stroke volume correlated with the ∆Vpeak_Ca and ∆Vpeak_Ao before volume expansion (ρ of 0.70 and 0.61, respectively; p < .001 for both).ConclusionsAnalysis of respiratory changes in carotid and aortic blood flows are accurate methods for predicting fluid responsiveness in children under invasive mechanical ventilation.
Clinical impact of selumetinib on pediatric elephantiasis neuromatosa
Authors: Blegen Kristina , Ortiz‐Romero Sara E. , Juarez Olivia , Voeller Julie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElephantiasis neuromatosa (EN) is a rare and extreme form of plexiform neurofibroma in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). EN is often associated with significant morbidity and remains difficult to treat. We present a case of an 11‐year‐old female with NF1 whose thoracolumbar plexiform neurofibroma and lower extremity EN exhibited clinical improvement from treatment with selumetinib, a selective MEK inhibitor.
Cryoprotectant role of exopolysaccharide ID1 in the vitrification/in‐straw warming of in vitro‐produced bovine embryos
Authors: Martínez‐Rodero Iris , Salas‐Huetos Albert , Ordóñez‐León Alina , Hidalgo Carlos Olegario , Yeste Marc , Mercadé Elena , Mogas Teresa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe cold‐adapted bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ID1 produces the extracellular exopolysaccharide ID1 (EPS ID1) with cryoprotective activity. This study was designed to optimize the vitrification/in‐straw warming protocol of in vitro‐produced (IVP) blastocysts by adding EPS ID1 to the vitrification media. Day 7‐expanded blastocysts were vitrified/warmed using the VitTrans device after the addition of 0 or 100 μg/mL EPS ID1 to the vitrification media. Blastocysts vitrified by the Cryotop method and fresh non‐vitrified blastocysts served as controls. Outcomes were assessed in the warmed embryos in terms of survival rates and mRNA relative abundances of BAX, BCL2, GPX1, and CDX2 genes. No differences in survival rates were observed at 3 h post‐warming between vitrification treatments. At 24 h post‐warming, the addition of EPS prior to vitrification with the VitTrans device produced similar survival rates to Cryotop‐vitrified embryos and similar hatching rates to fresh non‐vitrified or Cryotop‐vitrified embryos. No differences emerged in BCL2 gene expression. Lower BAX (p < .05) and higher GPX1 (p < .05) and CDX2 (p < .1) gene expression were observed in expanded and/or hatched blastocysts derived from VitTrans‐EPS‐vitrified embryos when compared to those from the non‐supplemented group. In conclusion, addition of EPS not only promoted blastocyst survival and hatching after VitTrans vitrification/warming but also modified the expression of genes associated with better embryo quality.
Factors associated with surgical repair success of female genital fistula in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Experiences of the Fistula Care Plus Project, 2017–2019
Authors: Mafu Michel Mpunga , Banze Don Félicien Kyongolwa , Aussak Brian Tena Tena , Kolié Delphin , Camara Bienvenu Salim , Nembunzu Dolores , Amisi Christine Notia , Paluku Justin Lussy , Tripathi Vandana , Delamou Alexandre 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe sought to document outcomes and factors associated with surgical success in hospitals supported by the Fistula Care Plus Project in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 2017–2019.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study analysing routine repair data on women with Female Genital Fistula. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine factors associated with successful fistula repair.ResultsA total of 895 women were included in this study, with a mean age of 34 years (±13 years). The majority were married or in union (57.4%) and living in rural areas (82.0%), while nearly half were farmers (45.9%). The average duration living with fistula was 8 years (±7). Vesicovaginal (70.5%) and complex (59.8%) fistulas were the most common fistula types. Caesarean section (34.7%), obstructed labour (27.0%) and prolonged labour (23.0%) were the main aetiologies, with the causal deliveries resulting in stillbirth in 88% of cases. The vaginal route (74.9%) was the primary route for surgical repair. The median duration of bladder catheterization after surgery was 14 days (interquartile range [IQR] 7–21). Multivariate analysis revealed that Waaldijk type I fistula (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.36–5.40), no previous surgery (aOR:2.63, 95% CI:1.43–3.19), repair at Panzi Hospital (aOR: 2.71, 95% CI:1.36–5.40), and bladder catheterization for less than 10 days (aOR:13.94, 95% CI: 4.91–39.55) or 11–14 days (aOR: 6.07, 95% CI: 2.21–15.31) were associated with better repair outcomes.ConclusionThe Fistula Care Plus Project in the DRC recorded good fistula repair outcomes. However, further efforts are needed to promote adequate management of fistula cases.
De novo genes in Arachis hypogaea cv. Tifrunner: systematic identification, molecular evolution, and potential contributions to cultivated peanut
Authors: Song Hui , Guo Zhonglong , Zhang Xiaojun , Sui Jiongming 
Published: June 2022

SUMMARYDe novo genes are derived from non‐coding sequences, and they can play essential roles in organisms. Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is a major oil and protein crop derived from a cross between Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis. However, few de novo genes have been documented in Arachis. Here, we identified 381 de novo genes in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner based on comparison with five closely related Arachis species. There are distinct differences in gene expression patterns and gene structures between conserved and de novo genes. The identified de novo genes originated from ancestral sequence regions associated with metabolic and biosynthetic processes, and they were subsequently integrated into existing regulatory networks. De novo paralogs and homoeologs were identified in A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. De novo paralogs and homoeologs with conserved expression have mismatching cis‐acting elements under normal growth conditions. De novo genes potentially have pluripotent functions in responses to biotic stresses as well as in growth and development based on quantitative trait locus data. This work provides a foundation for future research examining gene birth processes and gene function in Arachis and related taxa.
Effects of tranexamic acid treatment in severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients
Authors: Ageron Francois‐Xavier , Shakur‐Still Haleema , Roberts Ian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundUrgent treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces bleeding deaths but there is disagreement about which patients should be treated. We examine the effects of TXA treatment in severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients.Study Design and MethodsWe did an individual patient data meta‐analysis of randomized trials with over 1000 trauma patients that assessed the effects of TXA on survival. We defined the severity of injury according to characteristics at first assessment: systolic blood pressure of less than 90 mm Hg and a heart rate greater than 120 beats per minute or Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than nine or any GCS with one or more fixed dilated pupils. The primary measure was survival on the day of the injury. We examined the effect of TXA on survival in severely and non‐severely injured patients and how these effects vary with the time from injury to treatment.ResultsWe obtained data for 32,944 patients from two randomized trials. Tranexamic acid significantly increased survival on the day of the injury (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.11–1.34; p < .01). The effect of tranexamic acid on survival in non‐severely injured patients (OR = 1.25, 1.03–1.50) was similar to that in severely injured patients (OR = 1.22, 1.09–1.37) with no significant heterogeneity (p = .87). In severely and non‐severely injured pateints, treatment within the first hour after injury was the most effective.DiscussionEarly tranexamic acid treatment improves survival in both severely and non‐severely injured trauma patients. Its use should not be restricted to the severely injured.
A case of Tn polyagglutination discovered by an ABO blood group discrepancy
Authors: Achram Robert , Denomme Gregory A. , Stef Marianne A. , Nguyen Thi Truc Anh , Delvadia Bhavesh , Thompson Louisa , Josephson Cassandra D. , Roback John D. , Sullivan H. Cliff 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTn syndrome is an acquired form of polyagglutination arising from somatic mutations of hematopoietic stem cells. Tn red blood cells (RBCs) are agglutinable by naturally occurring anti‐Tn antibodies in most adult sera. Current ABO typing reagents are monoclonal and do not detect polyagglutination on forward typing. However, herein we describe a case of Tn activation that was suspected due to cross‐reactivity with a monoclonal anti‐A reagent.Study Design and MethodsA 63‐year‐old man with myeloproliferative neoplasm, who historically typed as group O, demonstrated unexpected mixed field reactivity with anti‐A reagent using a gel‐based method. However, manual tube testing was consistent with the patient's historical group O type.ResultsLectin testing demonstrated reactivity with Salvia sclarea and Glycine soja, but not Arachis hypogea. The patient's RBCs produced positive crossmatches with healthy donor sera, but reactivity was eliminated by ficin pretreatment of the RBCs. Ficin treatment also resolved typing discrepancies on gel‐based typing. No reactivity was noted using cord blood sera, and N antigen expression was diminished upon phenotyping. Tn activation was confirmed by detection of a novel 4‐nucleotide deletion (c.395‐398del) in exon 3 of C1GALT1C1 resulting in a truncated glycosyltransferase.ConclusionThis case of acquired Tn polyagglutination due to a novel mutation was first suspected from an ABO phenotyping discrepancy. It highlights the cross‐reactivity of anti‐A reagent with Tn antigen when tested on a common gel‐based method. Furthermore, the case demonstrates that review of patient history and test information can clarify discrepancies and guide resolution.
Presumed zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias in four dogs
Authors: Brandifino Maria , Sinnott‐Stutzman Virginia , Sisson Allen , Whelan Megan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe 4 canine cases of presumed zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias.Case summaryFrom 2007 to 2018 at Angell Animal Medical Center and from 2014 to 2019 at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, 4 dogs presented with febrile neutropenia while being administered zonisamide. No septic focus was found on workup for any of the dogs, and the clinical signs were attributed to an idiosyncratic drug reaction. All WBC counts returned to normal with drug withdrawal, and all dogs survived.New or unique information providedPresumptive zonisamide‐induced blood dyscrasias are a rare complication that has not previously been reported in the veterinary literature.
Mechanical, Wear, and Corrosion Properties Investigation of ZE41/TiB2 Surface Composites Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing
Authors: Manroo Suhail Ahmed , Khan Noor Zaman , Ahmad Babar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to find out how TiB2 reinforced Mg-ZE41 matrix composites perform mechanically, wear-wise, and corrosion-wise. By altering the content of TiB2 reinforcement particles in the ZE41 matrix as 4%, 8%, 12%, and 16%, the composites are manufactured using the friction stir processing technique. The micro-structural analysis demonstrates that TiB2 particles are distributed uniformly throughout the matrix. The addition of TiB2 increased the hardness and wear resistance of the material significantly. The inclusion of TiB2 particles in the matrix shifted the wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive. The ultimate tensile strength and the yield strength of the manufactured composites were also dramatically improved compared to Mg-ZE41 alloy. The addition of TiB2, on the other hand, has had no positive or negative influence on the corrosion performance of the Mg-ZE41 alloy.