bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online tuning of derivative order term of variable‐order fractional proportional–integral–derivative controllers for the first‐order time delay systems
Authors: Can Kurucu Mert , Yumuk Erhan , Güzelkaya Müjde , Eksin Ibrahim 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this study, an online tuning strategy for the fractional derivative order term of the variable‐order fractional proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller is proposed for processes with dead time. The classical step response is divided into regions, and meta‐rules are developed for each region in order to improve the control performance. To achieve the goals of the meta‐rules, a set of equations that are the functions of absolute error and model parameters are proposed to manipulate the fractional order derivative during the process. These equations can handle the changes in model parameters since the coefficients of these equations are functions of model parameters. On both simulation studies and experimental results on the active suspension system, we show that the proposed method improves the time domain performance criteria both in relation to reference tracking and load disturbance rejection. Moreover, the robustness of the proposed method has also been tested and analyzed for the dead time variation within the process.
Lean–agile–resilience–green practices adoption challenges in sustainable agri‐food supply chains
Authors: Sahu Atul Kumar , Raut Rakesh D. , Gedam Vidyadhar V. , Cheikhrouhou Naoufel , Sahu Anoop Kumar 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSupply chain practitioners are striving to improve the performance of agri‐food supply chains (AFSC) due to the lack of understanding of the mutual impacts of lean, agile, resilience, and green (LARG) practices in improving the performance of AFSC. There is a lack of specific methods to assess the power of their subsequent attributes. This paper identifies 12 unique challenges related to the implementation of LARG practices under the context of AFSC. The identification of challenges and the interdependency relationships among the LARG challenges are developed using a multistage approach. The multistage approach is composed of the generalized interval‐valued trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (GIVTFNs), the degree of similarity method, and the decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The finding of the study indicates that “Lack of understanding between the customer and other stakeholder requirements” and “Lack of transparency and trust” are the most significant challenges in the cause group and are the driving elements for implementing LARG practices. Furthermore, “Lack of competitive advantages” and “Lack of monitoring and auditing the ongoing supply chain activities” fall under the effect category, which are influenced by the cause groups' challenges. The identified challenges can be controlled and handled strategically on a priority basis for successfully implementing LARG practices in the agri‐food industry. The finding of study will help practitioners to overcome the LARG challenges and to improve the overall performance of AFSC.
The quality of SMEs stakeholder communication during strategic crises: The case of Italian unlisted SMEs
Authors: Cardoni Andrea , Kiseleva Evgeniia , Bellucci Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to assess small and medium‐sized enterprises' (SMEs') readiness to initiate a mature dialogue with stakeholders in the exceptional context of a strategic crisis, when information on business model sustainability has become universally material for all stakeholders. A quantitative study is carried out by developing a business model content analysis and applying it to a data sample of 109 manufacturing SMEs in Italy with annual revenues ranging from €10 to €50 million. After analyzing the literature on SMEs stakeholder communication and arguing the conflicting influences of stakeholder and legitimacy motivations in the context of a strategic crisis, three hypotheses are tested by collecting data from annual reports. Despite increased stakeholder expectations, the level of communication was limited to a minimum amount of information, demonstrating no relationship with the firms' relative size and proving a prominent influence of legitimacy motivations, with a specific relevance of legal pressures. Under the stress of the crisis, all SMEs, particularly those that were strategically and financially vulnerable, provided extremely limited information, demonstrating the tendency to conceal strategic risks and the difficulties in engaging in mature dialogue with stakeholders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantitative study focusing on unlisted SMEs' sustainability communication. The paper contributes to the policymaker debate on the possibility of extending the current legal obligation on sustainability reporting and transparency to smaller businesses.
Solid Single‐Atom Catalysts in Tandem Catalysis: Lookout, Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Rodenas Tania , Prieto Gonzalo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTandem catalysis stands out as a major instrument towards the intensification of existing and future chemical processes. Initially formulated in the field of homogeneous catalysis, the concept relies on the single‐pot integration of two (or more) catalysts showing high specificity for mechanistically decoupled reactions, while being operational and compatible under a single set of operation conditions. Isolated metal atoms stabilized on solid carriers in single‐atom catalysts (SACs) hold the potential to reconcile the high reaction specificities of mononuclear sites in molecular catalysts with an intrinsic catalyst compartmentalization on inorganic matrices. Understandably, SACs have started to be considered as platforms in tandem catalysis. Tandem (electro)catalytic processes based on SACs have been showcased recently. While this sets excellent prospects for the expansion of this research subarea, challenges are faced, particularly as to the verification of the tandem nature of the processes.
Micellar Effects and their Relevance in Photochemistry and Photocatalysis
Authors: Brüss Linda , Jeyaseelan Rubaishan , Kürschner Julian C. G. , Utikal Martin , Næsborg Line 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe encapsulation of substrates within micellar structures gives rise to a multitude of effects beyond simple solubilization in water. When incorporated in photochemical reaction design micellar media may offer possibilities to control both reactivity and selectivity. Herein, we describe various important micellar phenomena such as encapsulation, polarity differences, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, and discuss the various resulting mechanisms by which reaction outcomes can be greatly influenced. In this concept article, we showcase selected photochemical reactions to demonstrate how micellar effects can be selectively applied in reaction design.
Preparation of Micron and Submicron Particles via Spray Drying and Electrostatic Precipitation
Authors: Justen Anna , Kurth Christopher , Schaldach Gerhard , Thommes Markus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSmall particles are of great interest in a variety of applications. Spray drying is a common technique for particle synthesis, but it is limited with respect to sizes below 10 μm. Therefore, a new laboratory‐scale spray dryer was designed to address this issue. A novel aerosol generator consisting of a piezo crystal in a swirl chamber was designed to obtain droplets in the low micrometer range. After drying and cooling, particles were deposited in a molten carrier, using melt electrostatic precipitation. The median particle size of three pharmaceutical drug substances was 2 μm. The size distribution was particularly narrow, with span values of about 1.1. Spray drying is a sufficient technique to produce small drug particles below 5 μm with ultrasonic atomization at high frequencies. Electrostatic precipitation in a molten carrier is a suitable method to capture these particles.
Reconstructured Electrocatalysts during Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Alkaline Electrolytes
Authors: Jia Hongnan , Yao Na , Zhu Juan , Luo Wei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development of electrocatalysts with high‐efficiency and clear structure‐activity relationship towards the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for the wide application of water electrolyzers. Recently, the dynamic reconstruction phenomenon of the catalysts’ surface structures during the OER process has been discovered. With the help of various advanced ex situ and in situ characterization, it is demonstrated that such surface reconstruction could yield actual active species to catalyze the water oxidation process. However, the attention and studies of potential interaction between reconstructed species and substrate are lacking. This review summarizes the recent development of typical reconstructed electrocatalysts and the substrate effect. First, the advanced characterization for electrocatalytic reconstruction is briefly discussed. Then, typical reconstructed electrocatalysts are comprehensively summarized and the key role of substrate effects during the OER process is emphasized. Finally, the future challenges and perspectives of surface reconstructed catalysts for water electrolysis are discussed.
Formation, Reactivity and Decomposition of Aryl Phospha‐Enolates
Authors: Urwin Stephanie J. , Goicoechea Jose M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTwo lithium phospha‐enolates [RP=C(SiiPr3)OLi]2were prepared by reaction of triisopropyl silyl phosphaethynolate,iPr3SiPCO, with aryl lithium reagents LiR (R=Mes: 1,3,5‐trimethyl phenyl; or Mes*: 1,3,5,‐tri‐tertbutyl phenyl). Monomer/dimer aggregation of the enolates can be modulated by addition of 12‐crown‐4. Substitution of lithium for a heavier alkali metal was achieved through initial formation of a silyl enol ether, followed by reaction with KOtBu to form the corresponding potassium phospha‐enolate [MesP=C(SiiPr3)OK]2. On addition of water, the enolates are protonated to afford RP=C(SiiPr3)(OH). For the sterically less demanding system (R=Mes), this phospha‐enol rapidly tautomerises to the corresponding acyl phosphine MesP(H)C(SiiPr3)(O), which on heating extrudes CO. In contrast, bulkier phospha‐enol (R=Mes*) is stable to rearrangement at room temperature and thermally decomposes to RH andiPr3SiPCO.
The effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy for social anxiety disorder in routine clinical practice
Authors: Morina Nexhmedin , Seidemann Julienne , Andor Tanja , Sondern Lisa , Bürkner Paul‐Christian , Drenckhan Isabelle , Buhlmann Ulrike 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNumerous randomized controlled trials have shown cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to be effective in treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). Yet, less is known about the effectiveness of CBT for SAD conducted by psychotherapists in training in routine clinical practice. In this study, 231 patients with SAD were treated with CBT under routine conditions and were examined at pre‐ and post‐treatment as well as at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. We applied self‐reports to assess symptoms of SAD (defined as primary outcome), depression and psychological distress (defined as secondary outcome). We conducted both completer and intent‐to‐treat analyses and also assessed the reliability of change with the reliable change index. Results revealed significant reductions in symptoms of SAD between pre‐ and post‐assessments, with effect sizes ranging from d = 0.9 to 1.2. Depending on the SAD specific questionnaire applied, 47.8% to 73.5% of the sample showed a reliable positive change, whereas 1.9% to 3.8% showed a reliable negative change. Depressive symptoms and psychological distress also decreased significantly from pre‐ to post‐assessment, with large effect sizes. Significant treatment gains regarding both primary and secondary outcomes were further observed at 6 and 12 months follow‐up. The current findings based on a large sample of patients suggest that psychotherapists in CBT training working under routine conditions can effectively treat symptoms of SAD, depression and psychological distress.
Optimized channel prediction and auction‐based channel allocation for personal cognitive networks
Authors: Jeyakanth Krishnan , Venkatakrishnan Perumalsamy , Chitra Chinnasamy 
Published: November 2022

SummaryCognitive networks are stands out as intelligent technology which evolved to enhance spectrum utilization. Secondary users are allowed to utilize the primary user's frequency bands on idling times. Identifying the idle licensed spectrum is achieved through spectrum sensing. The spectrum holes should be explored such that a suitable spectrum can be selected and allocated to the secondary users. Existing spectrum sensing and selection schemes have limitations due to interferences. Thus, an optimization algorithm based on bio‐inspired improved weed optimization was presented in this research work for enhanced channel utilization. The optimization model explores the channel characteristics and reduces the primary network interferences through its optimal solution. Further, Markov greedy‐based auction scheme was presented for channel allocation. Considering the channel capacity, delay, and switching rates the allocation is performed to enhance the overall system performance. Simulation analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed model over existing techniques like particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm.
Molecular testing in cytology
Authors: Schmitt Fernando , Yang Zhongbo , Esebua Magda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the era of personalized medicine, molecular testing plays a critical role in patient care. The rapid advance of molecular techniques, especially next‐generation sequencing, makes molecular diagnosis feasible in daily practice. Molecular testing can be used as a valuable ancillary test to increase diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, especially in small biopsy or cytology samples. In addition, molecular testing plays an important role in selecting patients for appropriate treatment by detecting therapeutic and predictive biomarkers in tissue or cytology samples. Molecular studies can be applied in all cytology samples, sometimes with better results than histology. As molecular testing has become essential for patient care and is often requested to be performed in cytology samples, it is critical for cytopathologists to understand the basics of molecular diagnostic methods, indications for molecular testing, and how to best utilize different cytologic samples for this purpose. In this special issue, experts in various areas of cytopathology and molecular pathology review the literature and discuss the basics of molecular techniques and the application of molecular testing in various types of cytology samples. It is our hope that after reading the articles in this special issue, the readers can know better about the possibilities of molecular cytology, a very exciting field of pathology.
Extreme late onset of genetic generalized epilepsy in older adults and the elderly: A cohort study and literature review
Authors: Alzahrany Majed , Punia Vineet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRare case reports describe genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) starting de novo in people ≥50 years of age (older adults and the elderly). We aimed to provide comprehensive detail of electro‐clinical findings of this extremely late‐onset GGE using a retrospective, single‐center cohort design and a systematic review of the literature. People with de novo seizure onset ≥50 years of age with EEG and clinical history consistent with GGE were included. These 12 individuals (9; 75% females) with a median age of 56 years at seizure onset accounted for 7.9% of 152 older adults and the elderly with generalized epilepsy. Three patients only had absence seizures. A family history of epilepsy was present in 5 individuals. They had tried a median of 2 anti‐seizure medications. More than 90% (11 of 12) were seizure‐free for >1 year at the last follow‐up, including four requiring monotherapy. Valproate was used in only two patients and levetiracetam in 75% of them. A systematic literature review revealed six papers with 10 extreme late‐onset GGE cases. They similarly had good seizure outcomes but a majority were on valproate. Our study shows that rarely, late‐onset epilepsy can be GGE, which mostly has a good prognosis.
Relevance of field data in the assessment of structural and functional sediment connectivity in a small catchment of southern Brazilian plateau
Authors: Abatti Bruno Henrique , Zanandrea Franciele , Paul Leonardo Rodolfo , Michel Gean Paulo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHydrological and sedimentological dynamics are controlled by hillslope‐channel (de)coupling, which is influenced by several natural and anthropogenic factors. However, studies on sediment connectivity are recent and present numerous challenges to be overcome. Furthermore, there is a need to explore and identify sediment connectivity governing processes and phenomena. In this study, hydrological monitoring and indices application were used to access aspects of sediment connectivity in a small catchment (0.89 km2), located on a plateau in southern Brazil. The indices are a combination of variables conceptually known as controllers of the spatial and temporal organization of sediment flows in the system. The application of these tools proved to be relevant for the characterization of structural and functional connectivity of the study area. The tools applied were structural index of connectivity (IC); index of hydrosedimentological connectivity (IHC), based on observed events; field connectivity index (FIC). The characterization of structural connectivity highlighted natural sinks and blankets zones as the main elements of disconnection in the catchment. The functional connectivity was evaluated for five distinct magnitude events, the results showed a higher influence of sediment availability and antecedent moisture conditions than the other structural factors. The FIC validated the theoretical indices in the study area and highlighted the importance of coupling thresholds between the numerous sediment sources in a known event.
Identifying structural VARs from sparse narrative instruments: Dynamic effects of US macroprudential policies
Authors: Budnik Katarzyna , Rünstler Gerhard 
Published: November 2022

SummaryWe study identification in Bayesian proxy VARs for instruments that consist of sparse qualitative observations indicating the signs of shocks in specific periods. We propose the Fisher discriminant regression and a non‐parametric sign concordance criterion as two alternative methods for achieving correct inference in this case. The former represents a minor deviation from a standard proxy VAR, whereas the non‐parametric approach builds on set identification. Our application to US macroprudential policies finds persistent declines in credit volumes and house prices together with moderate declines in GDP and inflation and a widening of corporate bond spreads after a tightening of capital requirements or mortgage underwriting standards.
Reduction in required volume of imaging data and image reconstruction time for adaptive‐illumination Fourier ptychographic microscopy
Authors: Luo Jiaxiong , Tan Haishu , Wu Ruofei , Zhu Sicong , Chen Hanbao , Zhen Junrui , Li Jiancong , Guan Caizhong , Wu Yanxiong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a promising super‐resolution computational imaging technology. It stitches a series of low‐resolution (LR) images in the Fourier domain by an iterative method. Thus, it obtains a large field of view and high‐resolution quantitative phase images. Owing to its capability to perform high‐spatial bandwidth product imaging, FPM is widely used in the reconstruction of conventional static samples. However, the influence of the FPM imaging mechanism limits its application in high‐speed dynamic imaging. To solve this problem, an adaptive‐illumination FPM scheme using regional energy estimation is proposed. Starting with several captured real LR images, the energy distribution of all LR images is estimated, and select the measurement images with large information to perform FPM reconstruction. Simulation and experimental results show that the method produces efficient imaging performance and reduces the required volume of data to more than 65% while ensuring the quality of FPM reconstruction.
Bone Formation in 2D Culture of Primary Cells
Authors: Mertz Edward L. , Makareeva Elena , Mirigian Lynn S. , Leikin Sergey 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTRelevance of mineralized nodules in two‐dimensional (2D) osteoblast/osteocyte cultures to bone biology, pathology, and engineering is a decades old question, but a comprehensive answer appears to be still wanting. Bone‐like cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), and mineral were all reported but so were non‐bone‐like ones. Many studies described seemingly bone‐like cell‐ECM structures based on similarity to few select bone features in vivo, yet no studies examined multiple bone features simultaneously and none systematically studied all types of structures coexisting in the same culture. Here, we report such comprehensive analysis of 2D cultures based on light and electron microscopies, Raman microspectroscopy, gene expression, and in situ messenger RNA (mRNA) hybridization. We demonstrate that 2D cultures of primary cells from mouse calvaria do form bona fide bone. Cells, ECM, and mineral within it exhibit morphology, structure, ultrastructure, composition, spatial–temporal gene expression pattern, and growth consistent with intramembranous ossification. However, this bone is just one of at least five different types of cell‐ECM structures coexisting in the same 2D culture, which vary widely in their resemblance to bone and ability to mineralize. We show that the other two mineralizing structures may represent abnormal (disrupted) bone and cartilage‐like structure with chondrocyte‐to‐osteoblast transdifferentiation. The two nonmineralizing cell‐ECM structures may mimic periosteal cambium and pathological, nonmineralizing osteoid. Importantly, the most commonly used culture conditions (10mM β‐glycerophosphate) induce artificial mineralization of all cell‐ECM structures, which then become barely distinguishable. We therefore discuss conditions and approaches promoting formation of bona fide bone and simple means for distinguishing it from the other cell‐ECM structures. Our findings may improve osteoblast differentiation and function analyses based on 2D cultures and extend applications of these cultures to general bone biology and tissue engineering research. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.