bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air-sea interaction on a seasonal scale over north Indian Ocean-Part I: Inter-annual variations of sea surface temperature and Indian summer monsoon rainfall
Authors: JOSEPH P. V. , PILLAI P. V. 
Published: February 2022

Monthly mean sea surface temperature (SST) obtained from ship observations have been studied for two 'selected representative areas' (SRA) in the Arabian Sea and one in the Bay of Bengal for the 13-year period 1961 to 1973. Each SRA is 3 degrees longitude X 2 degrees latitude. They are centred, A at 11 deg, 00’N, 59 deg. 30'E, Bat 14 deg. 00'N, 71 deg. 30'E and C at 11 deg. 00' N, 83 deg. 30' E. 12 monthly running means of the monthly mean SST of each SRA shows a pronounced three-year oscillation, during the whole period. The series of monthly anomalies of SST for A, Band C were subjected to harmonic an power spectrum analyses, which also show a apart, from the annual variation, the only prominent periodicity is the 3-year variation. For the 9-year period 1965 to 1973, five-degree square averages of monthly mean SST have been worked out for the Indian. Ocean area north to 15 deg. S. It is found that the 3-year oscillation in SST covers a large area of north Indian Ocean, where power spectrum analysis of SST monthly anomalies shows significant peaks at confidence level 95% for this oscillation.

Correlations between monsoon rainfall of India and the SST anomalies at A, Band C have been worked out using data of 1961 to 1973. It is found that the SST of pre-monsoon months is positively correlated with the following monsoon rainfall, but the correlation is low and not statistically significant. However, the monsoon rainfall is significantly negatively correlated with the post-monsoon SST of areas A, Band C.
Mukormikosis Rino-Orbito-Serebral pada Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Mujono Aivi , Lukito Elizabeth Feloni , Wijaya Meiliyana 
Published: February 2022

<p>Mukormikosis rino-orbito-serebral (ROS) adalah penyakit angioinvasif akibat infeksi jamur Mucorales yang sering ditemukan pada pasien diabetes melitus (DM). Penyakit ini memiliki gambaran khas jaringan nekrotik kehitaman disebut eschar, sehingga disebut juga infeksi “jamur hitam”. Tingkat mortalitas penyakit ini tinggi terutama jika diagnosis dan tata laksana terlambat. Patogenesis mukormikosis ROS pada pasien DM antara lain: interaksi reseptor sel epitel dengan protein jamur, kadar besi bebas dalam darah, dan penurunan imunitas seluler. Diagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis dengan faktor risiko, identifikasi jamur, dan pencitraan. Pemeriksaan histopatologis dari jaringan biopsi dapat dikonfirmasi dengan hasil kultur. Tata laksana mukormikosis ROS pada penderita DM meliputi kombinasi debridemen, pemberian antijamur, dan mengatasi kondisi hiperglikemia.</p><p> </p><p>Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an angioinvasive disease caused by Mucorales fungal infection; it is common in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The disease has a characteristic feature of black necrotic appearance called eschar, thus also called as “black fungus” infection.<br />The mortality rate of this disease is high, especially in delayed diagnosis and treatment. The pathogenesis of ROCM in diabetic patients includes the interaction of epithelial cell receptors with fungal proteins, free iron blood levels, and decreased cellular immunity. Diagnosis is based on<br />clinical features, supporting risk factors, fungus identification, and imaging. Histopathological examination on biopsy tissue confirmed by culture can establish the diagnosis. Management includes a combination of surgical debridement, antifungals, and glycemia control.</p>
Kebijakan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Purbalingga Dalam Menerapkan Lelang Jabatan Pada Tahun 2018
Authors: Swastika Dwi Husna , Eko Atmojo Muhammad , Putri Pratiwi Vindhi 
Published: February 2022

Jabatan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Purbalingga Tahun 2018 terfokus pada bagaimana mekanisme yang terjadi selama proses Lelang Jabatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan data serta teori sebagai bahan penjelas. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan secara wawancara dengan enam narasumber terkait sebagai data utama sedangkan data sekunder dilakukan secara dokumentasi sebagai data pendukung. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan bahwa Lelang Jabatan Pemerintah Kabupaten Purbalingga Tahun 2018 dilakukan berdasarkan sistem merit dan sesuai dengan regulasi pemerintah dari proses awal hingga akhir Lelang. Inovasi Lelang Jabatan dilakukan oleh Aparatur Sipil Negara dengan pertimbangan perekrutan berdasarkan sistem Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia sesuai indikator kompetensi, profesionalitas dan kualitas melalui penilaian obyektif.
RADIOLOGIC PREDICTIVE FACTORS FOR CUT OUT FAILURE OF PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAIL ANTI-ROTATION IN TREATMENT OF INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES
Authors: Plumarom Yanin , Sirivitmaitree Songwut , Kosiyatrakul Arkaphat , Jirangkul Puripun , Heepthamai Danai , Phruetthiphat Ong-art 
Published: February 2022

Background: Proximal femoral fractures are the most common type of fracture among elderly patients. Moreover, half of the fractures are unstable types (AO31A2-A3). The aim of surgical treatments of these fractures is to achieve stable fracture fixation allowing early weight-bearing and returning to pre-fracture functional status. Even though the Tip Apex Distance (TAD) less than 25mm has been used to identify the appropriate position of the lag screw, little data has demonstrated the optimized TAD using a helical blade.Objectives: The study aimed to identify radiologic factors influencing fixation failure using a newly designed Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation (PFNA)Methods: A total o 400 cases of low energy intertrochanteric fractures undergoing PFNA fixation were reviewed. Of these, 10 cases of fixation failure were further investigated determining the exact cause. Of 390 patients with successful outcomes treated using PFNA fixation, 20 cases were randomized as a control group. A comparative study was conducted between those with fixation failure group and control group.Results: The displacement in lateral view and sum of displacement between AP and lateral view of radiographs were noted to have significant differences between the group (p=0.002 and 0.015). No significant differences were found between the groups in terms of Neck Shaft Angle (NSA) and Tip Apex Distance (TAD) including migration of the PFNA blade in the Cleveland zone. Additionally, the cutoff point was determined as less than 0.91 using the sum of the distance of displacement of AP with specificity of 95% and sensitivity of 80%. Moreover, the lateral view of the radiographs was less than 1.42 with specificity of 80% and sensitivity of 80%.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the displacement in lateral hip view and sum of the displacement in both AP and lateral hip view were alternative parameters measured to decrease failure rate in PFNA. These parameters may be useful as an alternative to decrease the mechanical failure of PFNA fixation.
EFFICACY OF DOUBLE DOSE VERSUS STANDARD DOSE ERGOCALCIFEROL ON VITAMIN D STATUS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Areepong Siwimon , Ouppatham Ouppatham , Satirapoj Bancha 
Published: February 2022

Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an exceptionally high rate of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) deficiency. Modest supplementation with ergocalciferol to raise serum 25-OH-D levels might improve bone and mineral disorders in CKD. Limited evidence is available regarding dosage of ergocalciferol supplement in CKD populations.
Objectives: The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of double-dose ergocalciferol on serum 25-OHD, serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and mineral and safety profiles compared with standard-dose ergocalciferol among CKD subjects.
Methods: The study employed a 12-week open labeled, randomized, controlled design among patients with CKD at stages III-IV and serum 25-OHD <30 ng/mL. Patients were randomized in 2 groups: standard dose treated with ergocalciferol as recommended by K/DOQI guidelines or double dose of ergocalciferol from recommendations. Serum testing including 25-OHD, intact PTH, phosphate and calcium was performed at baseline and week 12.
Results: Sixty-three patients were included [standard-dose group (N=30) and double-dose group (N=34)]. At the end of the 12 weeks, 20 (58.8%) patients in the double dose ergocalciferol group achieved sufficiency compared with 6 (20%) patients in the standard dose ergocalciferol group (p<0.05). A significant increase in serum 25-OHD levels (13.6±9.9 vs. 8.5±6.8 ng/mL, p=0.030) and decrease in serum PTH level group (-16.8±26.4 vs. -0.3±26.8 pg/mL, p=0.030) was found in the double-dose group compared with the standard-dose group. No adverse effect was associated with the treatment.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that high dose oral ergocalciferol had higher efficacy to increase serum 25-OHD and decrease serum PTH levels among patients with CKD than standard-dose ergocalciferol after 12 weeks of treatment.
Kroniek functioneel verschoningsrecht; belangwekkende uitspraken in coronatijd
Authors: Fanoy N.A.M.E.C. (Nathalie) 
Published: February 2022

Kroniek functioneel verschoningsrecht; belangwekkende uitspraken in coronatijd
In deze kroniek becommentarieert de auteur een selectie van recente uitspraken van civiele en strafkamers van de Hoge Raad en de gerechtshoven (en een enkele van de belastingkamer), mede aan de hand van de uit de jurisprudentie voortvloeiende regels over het functionele verschoningsrecht. Onder meer de grondslag en het belang van het verschoningsrecht, de omvang en de reikwijdte van het subject en het object van het verschoningsrecht, het afgeleid verschoningsrecht en ‘corpora et intrumenta delicti’ komen aan de orde. De auteur bespreekt verder twee – met name procedurele – aspecten van het verschoningsrecht die in haar optiek nog niet (volledig) zijn uitgekristalliseerd.
Een nieuw beoordelingskader voor de sanctionering van vormverzuimen: een stap in de goede richting?
Authors: Samadi M. (Mojan) 
Published: February 2022

Een nieuw beoordelingskader voor de sanctionering van vormverzuimen: een stap in de goede richting?
Deze bijdrage behandelt het huidige kader van artikel 359a Sv en de mate waarin de door de Hoge Raad in een tweetal standaardarresten uit 2020 aan dit kader aangebrachte wijzigingen ruimte bieden aan de praktijk om vormverzuimen ter discussie te stellen en voor de rechter om daarop te reageren. De auteur bespreekt daartoe onder meer de in de literatuur geuite kritiek op de jurisprudentiële lijn van de Hoge Raad, de meest recente ontwikkelingen in deze discussie, de veranderingen ten opzichte van de situatie voor de hiervoor bedoelde arresten en de praktische implicaties van deze wijzigingen.
The Development of a New Generation of Propeller Designs for Workboats
Authors: Platzer Gregory P. 
Published: February 2022

This paper describes the development of a series of propeller designs incorporating advanced technology for workboats, which have been found to reduce propeller-induced vibration levels by approximately 50% and increase propeller efficiency by up to 7%, as compared to conventional workboat propeller designs. To date, the New Generation propeller design series has been installed on more than 30 different applications in both open and ducted propeller configurations ranging from 3 to 12 ft (0.9 to 3. 6 m) in diameter.
An analysis of the existing propeller design technology and the poor operating environment typical of these applications is given. A description of the design process used to develop an advanced blade section profile and radial blade geometry distributions optimized for the given operating conditions is given. The results of an analytical study to determine the preferred geometry characteristics to optimize backing performance is presented. Full-scale operating experience is given, including comparisons of measured vibration, bollard thrust, propulsive efficiency and backing characteristics with predicted performance.
Characterizing the suckling behavior by video and 3D-accelerometry in humpback whale calves on a breeding ground
Authors: Ratsimbazafindranahaka Maevatiana N. , Huetz Chloé , Andrianarimisa Aristide , Reidenberg Joy S. , Saloma Anjara , Adam Olivier , Charrier Isabelle 
Published: February 2022

Getting maternal milk through nursing is vital for all newborn mammals. Despite its importance, nursing has been poorly documented in humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). Nursing is difficult to observe underwater without disturbing the whales and is usually impossible to observe from a ship. We attempted to observe nursing from the calf’s perspective by placing CATS cam tags on three humpback whale calves in the Sainte Marie channel, Madagascar, Indian Ocean, during the breeding seasons. CATS cam tags are animal-borne multi-sensor tags equipped with a video camera, a hydrophone, and several auxiliary sensors (including a 3-axis accelerometer, a 3-axis magnetometer, and a depth sensor). The use of multi-sensor tags minimized potential disturbance from human presence. A total of 10.52 h of video recordings were collected with the corresponding auxiliary data. Video recordings were manually analyzed and correlated with the auxiliary data, allowing us to extract different kinematic features including the depth rate, speed, Fluke Stroke Rate (FSR), Overall Body Dynamic Acceleration (ODBA), pitch, roll, and roll rate. We found that suckling events lasted 18.8 ± 8.8 s on average (N = 34) and were performed mostly during dives. Suckling events represented 1.7% of the total observation time. During suckling, the calves were visually estimated to be at a 30–45° pitch angle relative to the midline of their mother’s body and were always observed rolling either to the right or to the left. In our auxiliary dataset, we confirmed that suckling behavior was primarily characterized by a high average absolute roll and additionally we also found that it was likely characterized by a high average FSR and a low average speed. Kinematic features were used for supervised machine learning in order to subsequently detect suckling behavior automatically. Our study is a proof of method on which future investigations can build upon. It opens new opportunities for further investigation of suckling behavior in humpback whales and the baleen whale species.
Neonatal Jaundice: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: West Boma Awoala , Enekole Aitafo Josephine , Altraide Basil Omiebi 
Published: February 2022

Aim: This study was undertaken to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards neonatal jaundice among pregnant women.
Study Design: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the antenatal clinic of the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital from 1st March to 30th June 2021.
Results: Majority of the pregnant women were within the age group 26-34years 92(61.7%), resided in urban areas 117(78.5%) and from South-south geo-political zone 91(61.1%). They were mostly multiparous 65(43.6%) with tertiary level of education 100(67.1%). More than half 82(55.0%) of the pregnant women had heard of neonatal jaundice. Majority 131(89.3%) did not know the causes of neonatal jaundice, did not know the area of the body jaundice appeared first 143(96.0%), did not know the complications of neonatal jaundice 106(71.1%), did not know danger signs of neonatal jaundice 141(94.6%) and none knew any preventive method. Majority of the pregnant women 132(88.6%) would visit the hospital if their babies developed jaundice and 131(87.9%) would consent to blood transfusion if the need arose. Only 25(16.8%) pregnant women had had child(ren) with neonatal jaundice, of which 20(80.0%) took child(ren) to the hospital and 12(60.0%) presented to the hospital within 24hours. Only 1(0.7%) woman had good knowledge level, 120(80.5%) had good attitude and 12(8.1%) had good practice levels towards neonatal jaundice. There was statistically significant association between knowledge level and attitude (P value=.003) and practice levels (P value=.001).
Conclusion: Pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital had insufficient knowledge and poor practice but good attitude towards neonatal jaundice. Emphasis should therefore be placed on health education especially during antenatal period on neonatal jaundice and other prevailing health issues as this would improve their knowledge level and thus their attitude and practice.
Onchocercal Skin Disease Profiles Following Ivermectin Treatment in the Middle Imo River Baisn, Nigeria
Authors: Amaechi A. A. , Iwunze J. I. , Nwokeji C. M. , Egejuru J. 
Published: February 2022

In Nigeria infection with onchocerciasis has been under control with the introduction of ivermectin in most affected communities for a decade. To assist ‘stop mass drug administration (MDA)’ decision, a cross-sectional survey evaluated the impact of ivermectin on onchocercal Skin Diseases (manifestations) from 540 participants in 5 endemic communities. The rapid epidemiological assessment (REA) method with palpable nodules and skin depigmentation (leopard skin, LS) as diagnostic indices were used. The prevalence profiles of palpable nodules and leopard skin was 5.9% and 12.2% respectively. Prevalence of clinical features varied among the farming community (P<0.05). Similarly, age group 21-30 years had significant prevalence of clinical features than other age groups (P<0.05). Males had significantly higher prevalence of these indices (palpable nodules 6.8(%; LS 13.3%) than females (palpable nodules 4.6%; LS 11.1%). Although, Onchocercal Skin Diseases (clinical manifestations) were observed in all age groups, it occurred most in older groups. These groups with nodules could portend as reservoir for transmission. The implications of the results were discussed in the context of the on-going prediction of possible elimination of onchocerciasis in Africa and ‘stop MDA’ decision.
Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Cayratia trifolia
Authors: Princeton Bianca , Gayathri R. , Selvaraj J. , Priya V. Vishnu 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cayratia trifolia is a plant belonging to the family Vitaceae and genus Cayratia. Anti-inflammatory activity is the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation or swelling. Antioxidants are defined as substances that delay or inhibit oxidative damage to a target molecule and its principal function is its ability to trap free radicals. The alcoholic leaf extract of Cayratia trifolia has anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant properties against inflammations and swelling and DPPH free radicals respectively and can be evaluated using both in vitro and in vivo assays. The principal aim of the study is to employ in-vitro assays to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Cayratia trifolia.
Materials and Methods: Plant extract of Cayratia trifolia was purchased and tested for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In case of evaluating the antioxidant activity, the methanolic extract of the plant was utilised. The examination of the anti-inflammatory properties of Cayratia trifolia involves acetyl salicylic acid as a positive control and aspirin and aspirin was employed as a standard anti-inflammatory drug.
Results: The anti-inflammatory activity of Cayratia trifolia extract was examined and it was observed that the plant extract showed an increased percentage of inhibition of trypsin with increasing concentration. Similarly, the antioxidant activity was compared to Vitamin C and the percentage of inhibition of DPPH free radicals increased with the increase in concentration of the extract.
Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, the plant extract of Cayratia trifolia was observed to possess both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Effects of Ammonia and Glucosamine on the Heterogeneity of Erythropoietin Glycoforms
Authors: Yang M. , Butler M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractRecombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein produced as a therapeutic agent from mammalian cell cultures for the treatment of anemia associated with severe kidney damage. The EPO structure has a high glycan content which is essential for bioactivity but shows considerable molecular heterogeneity. The cell culture conditions that affect the heterogeneity of the glycoforms of EPO are not well understood. However, the accumulation of ammonia in culture is one factor that has been associated with an enhanced heterogeneity of glycoforms. In this report we investigate the metabolic perturbations associated with ammonia and glucosamine that may give rise to an altered pattern of EPO glycosylation. Recombinant human erythropoietin was synthesized in serum‐free cultures of transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The molecular heterogeneity of erythropoietin was increased by supplementation of cultures with either ammonia or glucosamine. The enhanced molecular heterogeneity was shown to be due to variable glycosylation that resulted in EPO with an enhanced molecular weight and isoelectric point range. Enzymatic removal of the glycan moiety of EPO in all cases resulted in a single molecular form with a molecular weight of 18 000, which corresponded to non‐glycosylated EPO. The variable glycosylation was consistent with reduced sialylation and antennarity of the carbohydrate structures present on the three N‐linked sites of EPO. In the presence of ammonia (>30 mM) the proportion of tetrasialylated and tetraantennary glycan structures were reduced by 73% and 57%, respectively, as determined by HPLC analysis. Such changes were also observed, although to a lesser extent (41% and 37%), by an increase in the glucosamine concentration (>10 mM) in the medium. The enhanced heterogeneity of the glycan structures coincided with a significant increase in the intracellular UDP−N‐acetylhexosamine (UDP−GNAc) pool. The measured UDP−GNAc level was up to 2 orders of magnitude higher in the presence of either glucosamine or ammonia. However, the changes in the glycosylation profiles induced by either glucosamine or ammonia were significantly different even at the same intracellular UDP‐GNAc concentration. This suggests that the enhanced EPO heterogeneity could not be mediated solely by the increased UDP−GNAc level. Glucosamine (but not ammonia) was shown to cause significant inhibition of glucose transport into the cells, which could induce a different pattern of primary metabolism.
Effects of Surfactants on the Stabilization of the Bovine Lactoperoxidase Activity
Authors: Marcozzi Giordana , Di Domenico Carla , Spreti Nicoletta 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBovine lactoperoxidase (LPO) is taken as a model protein of mammalian peroxidases to investigate the activity and the stability of the enzyme in the presence of different surfactants. The cationic benzalkonium chloride (Bz) has proved efficient in preserving the enzymatic activity for over 10 days, while the native enzyme completely lost its activity within 3−4 days. The presence of Bz allows the enzyme to preserve its secondary structure for a long time, as shown in CD spectra, and creates a more hydrophobic environment for the enzyme, as indicated in fluorescence studies. Moreover, this surfactant at a concentration of 0.01% (0.3 mM) increases the lactoperoxidase activity in the first 2 h of incubation at 37 °C. Both hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of the cationic surfactant seem to be responsible for the enzyme activation and stabilization, and this is a promising result in view of industrial applications of enzymes.