bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining adults’ mental health help-seeking through the lens of the theory of planned behavior: a scoping review
Authors: Adams Claire , Gringart Eyal , Strobel Natalie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite evidence-based efficacy, mental health services are underutilized due to low rates of help-seeking, leaving unmet mental health needs a global concern. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been applied to understand the help-seeking process and in the development of behavior change interventions. The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature on the TPB as applied to mental health help-seeking in adults aged >18 years.

Methods
This scoping review was conducted based on the methodology presented by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). Six databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, ProQuest Health and Medicine, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Web of Science) and two grey literature sources (OpenGrey, Google Scholar) were systematically searched in February 2018 and updated in March 2020. Studies that explicitly discussed the TPB in the context of mental health help-seeking were initially selected; only studies that explored formal help-seeking for mental health problems and were published in English were retained. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel.

Results
Initially, 8898 records were identified. Of these, 49 met the selection criteria and were included: 32 were journal articles and 17 were theses. Forty-three papers reported on non-intervention studies and seven articles reported on TPB-based interventions. Most studies (n = 39) identified predictors of help-seeking intentions. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of intentions in 35 and 34 studies, respectively. Subjective norms were a significant predictor of intentions in 23 studies. Few studies aimed to predict help-seeking behavior (n = 8). Intentions and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of behavior in seven and six studies, respectively. Only six TPB-based interventions were identified, all used digital technology to influence help-seeking, with mixed results.

Conclusions
The present scoping review identified a considerable evidence base on the TPB for predicting mental health help-seeking intentions. Attitudes and perceived behavioral control were frequently found to be significant predictors of help-seeking intentions. Knowledge on the TPB for predicting mental health help-seeking behavior, and on TPB-based interventions, is limited. Thus, the role of the TPB in developing help-seeking interventions remains unclear. Recommendations are presented to address such research gaps and inform policy and practice.
Focal amyloid and asymmetric tau in an imaging-to-autopsy case of clinical primary progressive aphasia with Alzheimer disease neuropathology
Authors: Martersteck Adam , Ayala Ivan , Ohm Daniel T. , Spencer Callen , Coventry Christina , Weintraub Sandra , Bigio Eileen H. , Mesulam M. -Marsel , Geula Changiz , Rogalski Emily 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuantification of in vivo amyloid and tau PET imaging relationships with postmortem measurements are critical for validating the sensitivity and specificity imaging biomarkers across clinical phenotypes with Alzheimer disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). This study examined the quantitative relationship between regional binding of in vivo 18F-florbetapir amyloid PET and 18F-flortaucipir tau PET with postmortem stereological counts of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in a case of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) with ADNC, where neurodegeneration asymmetrically targets the left hemisphere. Beginning 2 years prior to death, a 63-year-old right-handed man presenting with agrammatic variant PPA underwent a florbetapir and flortaucpir PET scan, and neuropsychological assessments and magnetic resonance imaging sessions every 6 months. Florbetapir and flortaucpir PET standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) were quantified from 8 left and right hemisphere brain regions with stereological quantification of amyloid plaques and NFTs from corresponding postmortem sections. Pearson’s correlations and measures of asymmetry were used to examine relationships between imaging and autopsy measurements. The three visits prior to death revealed decline of language measures, with marked progression of atrophy. Florbetapir PET presented with an atypical focal pattern of uptake and showed a significant positive correlation with postmortem amyloid plaque density across the 8 regions (r = 0.92; p = 0.001). Flortaucipir PET had a left-lateralized distribution and showed a significant positive correlation with NFT density (r = 0.78; p = 0.023). Flortaucipir PET and NFT density indicated a medial temporal lobe sparing presentation of ADNC, demonstrating that AD does not always target the medial temporal lobe. This study adds additional evidence, in a non-amnestic phenotype of ADNC, that there is a strong correlation between AD PET biomarkers, florbetapir and flortaucipir, with quantitative neuropathology. The atypical and focal presentation of plaque density and florbetapir PET uptake suggests not all amyloid pathology presents as diffuse across neocortex.
Planning and developing a web-based intervention for active surveillance in prostate cancer: an integrated self-care programme for managing psychological distress
Authors: Hughes Stephanie , Kassianos Angelos P. , Everitt Hazel A. , Stuart Beth , Band Rebecca 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To outline the planning, development and optimisation of a psycho-educational behavioural intervention for patients on active surveillance for prostate cancer. The intervention aimed to support men manage active surveillance-related psychological distress.

Methods
The person-based approach (PBA) was used as the overarching guiding methodological framework for intervention development. Evidence-based methods were incorporated to improve robustness. The process commenced with data gathering activities comprising the following four components:
• A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression and anxiety in prostate cancer
• A cross-sectional survey on depression and anxiety in active surveillance
• A review of existing interventions in the field
• A qualitative study with the target audience
The purpose of this paper is to bring these components together and describe how they facilitated the establishment of key guiding principles and a logic model, which underpinned the first draft of the intervention.

Results
The prototype intervention, named PROACTIVE, consists of six Internet-based sessions run concurrently with three group support sessions. The sessions cover the following topics: lifestyle (diet and exercise), relaxation and resilience techniques, talking to friends and family, thoughts and feelings, daily life (money and work) and information about prostate cancer and active surveillance. The resulting intervention has been trialled in a feasibility study, the results of which are published elsewhere.

Conclusions
The planning and development process is key to successful delivery of an appropriate, accessible and acceptable intervention. The PBA strengthened the intervention by drawing on target-user experiences to maximise acceptability and user engagement. This meticulous description in a clinical setting using this rigorous but flexible method is a useful demonstration for others developing similar interventions.

Trial registration and Ethical Approval
ISRCTN registered: ISRCTN38893965. NRES Committee South Central – Oxford A. REC reference: 11/SC/0355
Peer-mentor support for older vulnerable myocardial infarction patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation: single-arm feasibility study
Authors: Pedersen Maria , Bennich Birgitte , Boateng Takyiwa , Beck Anne Marie , Sibilitz Kirstine , Andersen Ingelise , Overgaard Dorthe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The positive effects of cardiac rehabilitation are well established. However, it has an inherent challenge, namely the low attendance rate among older vulnerable patients, which illustrates the need for effective interventions. Peer mentoring is a low-cost intervention that has the potential to improve cardiac rehabilitation attendance and improve physical and psychological outcomes among older patients. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a peer-mentor intervention among older vulnerable myocardial infarction patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation.

Methods
The study was conducted as a single-arm feasibility study and designed as a mixed methods intervention study. Patients admitted to a university hospital in Denmark between September 2020 and December 2020 received a 24-week peer-mentor intervention. The feasibility of the intervention was evaluated based on five criteria by Orsmond and Cohn: (a) recruitment capability, (b) data-collection procedures, (c) intervention acceptability, (d) available resources, and (e) participant responses to the intervention. Data were collected through self-administrated questionnaires, closed-ended telephone interviews, semi-structured interviews, and document sheets.

Results
Twenty patients were offered the peer-mentor intervention. The intervention proved feasible, with a low dropout rate and high acceptability. However, the original inclusion criteria only involved vulnerable women, and this proved not to be feasible, and were therefore revised to also include vulnerable male patients. Peer mentors (n = 17) were monitored during the intervention period, and the findings indicate that their mentoring role did not cause any harm. The peer-mentor intervention showed signs of effectiveness, as a high rate of cardiac rehabilitation attendance was achieved among patients. Quality of life also increased among patients. This was the case for emotional, physical, and global quality of life measures at 24-week follow-up.

Conclusion
The peer-mentor intervention is a feasible and acceptable intervention that holds the potential to increase both cardiac rehabilitation attendance and quality of life in older vulnerable patients. This finding paves the way for peer-mentor interventions to be tested in randomized controlled trials, with a view toward reducing inequality in cardiac rehabilitation attendance. However, some of the original study procedures were not feasible, and as such was revised.

Trial registration
The feasibility study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ClinicalTrials.gov identification number: NCT04507529), August 11, 2020.
Family planning and parity among pediatric surgeons — it is time to confront a serious problem (a survey among Brazilian female pediatric surgeons)
Authors: de Jesus Lisieux Eyer , Rosina Amanda Guerra , de Oliveira Laryssa Nayana Souza Silva , Feldman Karen , Justiniano Renata Rangel , Resende Glaucia Campos , Dekermacher Samuel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Obstetric problems and infertility affect female surgeons. Family perspectives influence specialty choice and attrition rates. We aim to study parity, fertility, and family planning among female pediatric surgeons. A questionnaire was filled out by licensed BFPS to evaluate pregnancy/motherhood among Brazilian female pediatric surgeons (BFPS). The professionals were divided into two groups that were compared (< 40 and ≥ 40 years of age).

Results
Eighty-three < 40 and 91 ≥ 40-year-old BFPS were included, of which 2/3 were mothers. Most planned children after being hired as consultants. Almost a tenth (8.87%) reported marital conflicts secondary to the refusal to get pregnant. A fifth reported a high-risk pregnancy, and 12.73% had miscarriages. Half reported no adverse consequences of postponing pregnancy, but 6.9% stayed childless, 16.67% had fewer children than planned, and 10.92% needed infertility treatment. Professional problems related to pregnancy/motherhood were reported by 59.09%, and 86.36% of the women who were mothers had difficulties conciliating professional duties and motherhood.

Conclusion
BFPS parity was 1.38, lower than Brazilian women (mean 1.77 children/woman). Most BFPS start their families by late 30s or early 40s. Unfavorable consequences of postponing pregnancy affected a third of BFPS. Time off after pregnancy and protection during pregnancy remain problematic. A hostile environment and life-career conflicts may lead to the abandonment of the specialty.
Spontaneous regression of pseudotumor inflammatory parotitis: case presentation and literature review
Authors: Ouattassi Naouar , Alami Meryem , Hammas Nawal , El Alami Mohamed Nouredine El Amine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Pseudotumor inflammatory sialadenitis (PIS) is a rare disease. The differential diagnosis relays mainly on histopathology. We believe this is the first case of spontaneous regression of pseudotumor parotitis.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old male patient with a history of diabetes and hypertension presented a huge mass of the parotid gland suggesting an advanced stage malignancy. CT scan disclosed a large parotid tumor that invaded the parapharyngeal space and invaded the internal carotid artery in the parapharyngeal space. Complete surgical removal was therefore impossible. A biopsy was planted for further management according to the tumor board’s recommendations. Within 5 weeks from the initial consultation, the tumor has completely and spontaneously resolved. The patient presented late to his biopsy appointment due to COVID free circulation restriction as he lived in another city. Furthermore, the workup ruled out autoimmune disease, viral-induced parotitis, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and immunoglobulin G4− related inflammatory pseudotumor. Parotid gland biopsy revealed nonspecific fibrosis tissue. The patient remains free of disease without further treatment for a year follow-up.

Conclusions
Inflammatory pseudotumor parotitis is a manifestation of many conditions, few have been identified such as inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumor and immunoglobulin G4-related inflammatory pseudotumor but many remain unknown. Meticulous clinical and imaging, biology, immuno-pathology work-up is crucial for differential diagnosis.
Listening effort in patients with sensorineural hearing loss with and without hearing aids
Authors: Hussein Asmaa Bakr , Lasheen Reham Mamdouh , Emara Afaf Ahmed , El Mahallawi Trandil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Persons with hearing loss may have difficulty in speech understanding, so they need to shift more resources from other on-going cognitive tasks. This increase in cognitive resources has been referred to as an increase in “listening effort: (LE). Two research questions were addressed: (Q1) Does hearing loss increase LE? (Q2) Can hearing aid (HA) amplification improve LE?

Methods
This study included 55 subjects that were divided into two groups: control group (I), which consisted of 15 adults with normal peripheral hearing, and study group (II), which consisted of 40 patients with bilateral SNHL. They were subdivided into two subgroups: study subgroup (IIa), which consisted of 20 patients did not use (HAs). The study subgroup (IIb) consisted of 20 patients using unilateral or bilateral HAs. LE was measured by subjective (Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ), Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS)) and behavioral measures (dual-task paradigm test (simultaneous primary auditory task (QuickSIN test) and secondary visual task (reaction time and Stroop test)).

Results
Hearing loss patients showed higher fatigue scores and lower scores in SSQ than the normal hearing subjects. They also showed significantly longer reaction times (RTs) in dual conditions. No significant difference was found between patient with SNHL with and without HAs in all tests.

Conclusion
Patients with SNHL with and without HAs showed more LE than the normal hearing subjects (Q1). Hearing aid fitting does not reduce LE (Q2). HA users showed less listening effort in favorable listening situation (higher signal-to-noise ratio) than those who did not use HAs. Increased LE is a consequence of hearing loss which could not be measured by standard audiometric measures, so it should be considered when measuring disability in those with hearing loss.
Deep carbonate reservoir and gas prediction based on multicomponent seismic amplitude attributes — A case study
Authors: Wang Hongqiu , Zhou Lu , Chen Qiyan , Gao Jianhu , Chen Kang , Liu Bingyang , Guo Xin 
Published: August 2022

Multicomponent seismic exploration provides more valuable information for the prediction of underground structures, lithology, fluids, and fractures. Most studies on lithology estimation and fluid description using PP- and PS-wave seismic data mainly focus on relatively shallow targets with high porosity. Focusing on deep carbonate (dolomite) reservoirs with low porosity (generally less than 5%), we first analyze the characteristics of the seismic response difference between PP and PS waves, and then we combine logging data and seismic forward modeling to implement the identification of fluids using the amplitude difference between PP and PS waves. Data sets are acquired over grain beach dolomite reservoirs in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation, the central Sichuan Basin, Western China. The reservoirs are filled with different types of fluids (e.g., gas, water, bitumen, etc.). Based on comparisons between seismic responses of PP and PS waves, we observe that, at the location of the gas-bearing layer, PP-wave amplitude exhibits strong peaks and PS-wave amplitude finds relatively weak peaks, which is different from that obtained for the water-saturated layer. However, at the location of bitumen-filled reservoirs, PP- and PS-wave amplitudes exhibit strong peaks, and the reflection amplitude of PP waves is stronger than that of PS waves. Therefore, the amplitude difference of PP and PS waves provides valuable information and feasibility for fluid identification. We verify that the maximum peak amplitude attribute of PS waves may better characterize the distribution of porous dolomite reservoirs than that of PP waves, and using the attribute of maximum peak amplitude difference between PP and PS waves, we may distinguish gas-bearing and water-saturated layers. Comparing with actual drilling results, we conclude that our PP/PS interpretation technique is feasible for fluid identification in deep carbonate reservoirs.
Are Pivotal Clinical Trials for Drugs Approved for Leukemias and Multiple Myeloma Representative of the Population at Risk?
Authors: Casey Mycal , Odhiambo Lorriane , Aggarwal Nidhi , Shoukier Mahran , Garner Jamani , Islam K.M. , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE There are significant disparities in care and outcomes for patients with leukemias and multiple myeloma (MM). To evaluate the extent to which clinical trials (CTs) match the demographic and geographic diversity of populations affected by leukemias and MM. METHODS CTs leading to drug approval were identified from the US Food and Drug Administration databases. Demographic and geographic data were collected from ClinicalTrials.gov and primary manuscripts. Standard descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data in frequencies and proportions, including 95% CIs, by race, ethnicity, sex, and malignancy subtypes. RESULTS A total of 41 (67.2%) trials leading to drug approval reported data on race and 20 (48.8%) on ethnicity. These trials included 13,731 patients, of whom 11,209 (81.6%) were White. Among minorities, Asian-Pacific Islanders and Blacks had the highest representation in chronic myeloid leukemia, 147 (12.7%) and 61 (5.3%), and lowest in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 55 (3%) and 20 (1.1%), respectively. Proportions for Blacks, Native Americans, and Hispanics were significantly low, reflecting under-representation in trials compared with the proportion in the general population. Females were also under-represented in acute myeloid leukemia (44.7% v 60.5%, P < .0001), and males in MM (55.3% v 60.2%, P < .0001) and chronic myeloid leukemia (55.2% v 62.9%, P < .0001). The geographic distribution of trials showed inadequate regional and state participation compared with mortality for all malignancies except MM. CONCLUSION There are significant demographic and geographic under-representation and imbalances in pivotal CTs leading to drug approvals for leukemias and MM compared with the population affected. These disparities need to be addressed to make results applicable to all relevant populations.
Mechanical Factors Contributing to Altered Knee Extension Moment during Gait after ACL Reconstruction: A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: KRISHNAN CHANDRAMOULI , JOHNSON ALEXA K. , PALMIERI-SMITH RIANN M. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to comprehensively examine the extent to which knee flexion angle at initial contact, peak knee flexion angle, and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) contribute to knee extension moments during gait in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods
Overground gait biomechanics were evaluated in 26 participants with ACL reconstruction at three time points (about 2, 4, and 6 months after the surgery). Knee flexion angle at initial contact, peak knee flexion angle, peak vGRF, and peak knee extension moment were calculated for each limb during the early stance phase of gait for all three time points. A change score from baseline (time point 2 − time point 1 and time point 3 − time point 1) along with limb symmetry values (ACL − non-ACL limb values) was also calculated for these variables. Multiple linear regressions utilizing classical and Bayesian interference methods were used to determine the contribution of knee flexion angle and vGRF to knee extension moment during gait.

Results
Peak knee flexion angle and peak vGRF positively contributed to knee extension moment during gait in both the reconstructed (R
2 = 0.767, P < 0.001) and nonreconstructed limbs (R
2 = 0.815, P < 0.001). Similar results were observed for the symmetry values (R
2 = 0.673, P < 0.001) and change scores (R
2 = 0.731–0.883; all P < 0.001), except that the changes in knee flexion angle at initial contact also contributed to the model using the change scores in the nonreconstructed limb (time point 2 − time point 1: R
2 = 0.844, P < 0.001; time point 3 − time point 1: R
2 = 0.883, P < 0.001). Bayesian regression evaluating the likelihood of these prediction models showed that there was decisive evidence favoring the alternative model over the null model (all Bayes factors >1000). Standardized β coefficients indicated that changes in knee flexion angle had a greater impact (>2×) on knee extension moments than vGRF at both time points in both limbs (β
vGRF = 0.204–0.309; β
kneeflexion = 0.703–0.831).

Conclusions
The findings indicate that both knee flexion angle and peak vGRF positively contribute to altered knee extension moments during gait, but the contribution of knee flexion angle is much greater than vGRF. Therefore, treatment strategies targeting these variables may improve knee loading after ACL reconstruction.