bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co‐production to understand online help‐seeking for young people experiencing emotional abuse and neglect: Building capabilities, adapting research methodology and evaluating involvement and impact
Authors: Bennett Vanessa , Gill Chloe , Miller Pam , Wood Asher , Bennett Cassia , YPAG NeurOX , Singh Ilina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundInvolving young people (YP) as co‐researchers (YCoR) in mental health research is important for ethical and epistemological reasons. However, approaches to involve and evaluate ‘meaningful involvement’ in complex qualitative mental health research, and how to evaluate impacts (or change) for the co‐researcher and the research is less well defined.ObjectivesThis co‐produced research explored the experiences of YP seeking help for emotional abuse and neglect via an online, peer‐peer message board. This practical case study aims to evidence the meaningful role and impacts associated with YCoR involvement in sensitive and complex mental health research using a flexible approach to co‐production.MethodsDuring the Covid‐19 pandemic, we explored on‐ and off‐line approaches and adapted research methodology to build relationships, knowledge, skills, and confidence with YCoR. The virtual involvement was evaluated against the five principles of co‐production. Anonymous, continuous digital feedback, reflective practices and multiple dissemination outputs are used to evaluate the impact of the study on those involved and the research.ResultsTen members of NeurOX Young People's Advisory Group were involved in the core project. Additional members were invited at later stages and in the dissemination of outputs. We describe a supportive, scaffolded learning approach to build capabilities and embed the lived experience of YCoR in complex qualitative research. A digital blended approach was acceptable to YCoR, principles of co‐production were met and the impact/benefits of involvement are described. To demonstrate the epistemological value of involving YP we evidence YPs capabilities for involvement and the ‘change’ or contribution YCoR made to the research through reflective practices.ConclusionsThis case study demonstrates how flexible approaches co‐production with YCoR can be robust and responsive to balance ethical and epistemological impact in complex mental health research. Supportive, scaffolded practices and safe environments helped build the confidence and capacity of YCoRs to demonstrate valuable phenomenological insights in the analysis. YP's perspectives on how they describe ‘meaningful’ and impactful involvement illustrate the reciprocal benefits gained through working together.Public ContributionThis case study describes the YCoR involvement throughout the research and dissemination of outputs. YCoR co‐authors were involved in developing the outline and reviewing the draft stages of the manuscript.
Two‐wavelength excitation–driven robust operation of green up‐conversion emission in Er3+‐doped oxyfluoride glass–ceramic
Authors: Li Saihui , Tan Linling , Wang Weirong , Chen Zhi , Kang Shiliang , Gao Chengwei , Lin Changgui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEfficient optical modulation enables a significant improvement of optical conversion efficiency and regulation of optical response rate, showing great potential for optoelectronics applications. However, the weak interaction between photons poses a strong obstacle for manipulating photon–photon interactivity. Here, upon simultaneous excitation of 850 and 1550 nm, a fast–slow optical modulation of green up‐conversion (UC) luminescence in oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing NaYF4:Er3+ nanocrystals can be achieved. Compared with the sum of luminescence intensity excited by the two single‐wavelengths, green UC luminescence excited by simultaneous two‐wavelength presents an obvious increase by approximate six times. Interestingly, the response rate of green UC luminescence relies on the pump strategy of two‐wavelength excitation, showing as high as two times of the fast–slow response difference. The fast–slow optical modulation of green UC luminescence under two‐wavelength excitation is promising for emerging applications in all‐optical switching.
Randomized trial of microneedling combined with 2% minoxidil topical solution for the treatment of female pattern hair loss in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhang Yao , Sheng Youyu , Zeng Yibin , Hu Ruiming , Zhao Jun , Wang Wuqing , Yang Qinping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 2% minoxidil combined with microneedling in the treatment of female pattern hair loss.MethodsForty female patients with female pattern hair loss were randomly divided into two groups with 20 patients each. The control group was treated with 2% minoxidil. The combined treatment group was treated with weekly microneedling in addition to daily minoxidil. The treatment period of both groups was 24 weeks.ResultsThere were no significant differences in age or duration of disease between the two groups of patients. The effective rate in the combined treatment group was 85%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (45%). The hair counts were also higher in the combined treatment group. All of the adverse reactions observed during the treatment period were mild. No severe adverse event was observed in either group.ConclusionMicroneedling combined with minoxidil had better efficacy for female pattern hair loss during the treatment period and follow‐up. Microneedling combined with minoxidil therapy was safe and effective.
COVID vaccine recommendations in dermatologic patients on immunosuppressive agents: Lessons learned from pandemic
Authors: Aryanian Zeinab , Balighi Kamran , Afshar Zeinab Mohseni , Zamanian Mohammad Hossein , Razavi Zahra , Hatami Parvaneh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundSince SARS‐CoV2 vaccines were approved without enough long‐term monitoring due to emergent situations, some issues have been raised about timing and protocol of receiving them by patients treated by different immunosuppressive agents.Aim and MethodHere, we present different aspects of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in such patients in the field of dermatology.ResultIn brief, SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination is recommended in all dermatologic patients, regardless of their disorders and therapeutic regimens. Nevertheless, special considerations should be given to the immunosuppressive therapy and its association with vaccination timing due to the decreased immunogenicity of vaccines in this setting.ConclusionNovel biologic immunotherapies are advantageous over conventional systemic therapies not only in their safety and selective functions but also in this aspect that many of them do not affect vaccines immunogenicity.
Direct material property determination: One‐dimensional formulation utilising full‐field deformation measurements
Authors: Rajan‐Kattil Sreehari , Sutton Michael A. , Sockalingam Subramani , Thomas Frank , Weerasooriya Tusit , Alexander Stephen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA direct approach is described to determine the elastic modulus distribution in a nominally heterogeneous material subject to tensile/compression loading and primarily experiencing deformations in the axial direction. The formulation is developed for uniaxial applications using basic theoretical constructs, resulting in a computational framework that has a matrix form [A] {E} = {R}, where the [A] matrix components are known functions of measured axial strains and axial positions, {R} components are known functions of axial body forces, applied loads and reactions and {E} components are the unknown elastic moduli at discrete locations along the length of the specimen. For a series of one‐dimensional (1D) material property identification procedure with known axial strains at discrete locations and various levels of random noise, results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and noise sensitivity of the methodology. Finally, experimental measurements for a heterogeneous bone specimen are compared to our 1D model predictions, demonstrating that the predictions are in very good agreement with independent estimates at each load level of interest along the length of the bone specimen.
Developing agriculture resilience in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Muhan Qin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSub‐Saharan Africa saw crucial growth in agriculture in the 21st century. However, the current rate of development, largely based on land expansion, appears to be reaching the limit of growth, calling for more productive and sustainable practices. To address productivity, underlying factors are discussed and a path towards agriculture resilience is suggested. This study linked unproductive agriculture with poor resilience, which tends to be the cause of low and unstable crop yields. Potential measures from technical and social perspectives are explored for developing resilience in agriculture in this region. Inexpensive and easily accessible technologies are in urgent need to improve land resilience, while policies stressing risk mitigation and inequality reduction are key to develop farmers' resilience. A development framework towards agriculture resilience is elaborated, which is hopeful of leading to a more productive, sustainable, stable and equally beneficial agricultural system in Sub‐Saharan African countries.
Structural Restoration of Cretaceous Inversion Events in the Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex, Western Barents Shelf
Authors: Miraj M. A. F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Inversion structures including folds, reverse faults are observed along the Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex in the western Barents Sea, although the fault complex is extensional in origin and developed in mid-Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. Subsidence along the fault complex was interrupted in Early Cretaceous (Valanginian to early Barremian) because of syn-rift localized tectonic inversion, itself related to the uplift of the Loppa High. The Early Cretaceous inversion caused dextral transpression along the boundary faults adjacent to the Loppa High. The second phase of inversion is interpreted to be Late Cretaceous (mid-Cenomanian) in age, coeval to the deposition of the Kolmule Formation in the Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex. The later phase of compression is of regional significance and related to NW‒SE directed far field stresses in Late Cretaceous which caused head-on inversion in the study area. The aim of present study is to identify and decipher eventual Cretaceous inversion structures in the Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex by means of structural restoration. To these aims, 2D MOVETM, structural modeling and analysis software by Midland Valley Exploration Ltd (Glasgow, Scotland), is used and three key seismic lines crossing the central and northern segments of the Bjørnøyrenna Fault Complex are restored. Key profiles 1 and 2 reveal null point positions at the base of the Cretaceous (Hekkingen Formation). Null point positions show progressive compressional inversion of syn-rift Early Cretaceous deposits (Knurr Formation). Below and above null points the geometries of the restored faults show normal and reverse faulting respectively. The results of the restored key profiles 1 and 2 confirm reverse faulting at the Lower Cretaceous triggered by inversion of the study area. The restored sections also show positive inversion features associated with folding of the hanging wall of the base of the Upper Cretaceous (Kolmule Formation). The reconstruction of the amount of eroded material on the footwall block also suggests reverse faulting of the base of the Upper Cretaceous. In key profile 3 the footwall block is eroded up to the base of the Upper Cretaceous (Kolmule Formation) due to the uplift of the Loppa High. The corresponding restored section shows a compressional anticline associated with both Early and Late Cretaceous inversion events.
Usability of dual HIV/syphilis self-testing among men who have sex with men in China: study protocol for a three-arm randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Hong , Wang Min , Zhang Yun , Tan Sumin , Huang Haimei , Zhu Jiawen , Tian Weiyi , Mo Jinli , Mo Jieling , Cen Ping , Ning Chuanyi 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionHIV self-testing (HIVST) provides a key measure for the early detection of HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, dual HIV/syphilis self-testing in the MSM population has not been studied. We describe a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of dual HIV/syphilis self-testing on the testing frequency among MSM in China.Methods and analysisThis randomised controlled trial will be implemented in Guangxi, China. 330 MSM, including 255 frequent testers and 75 less frequent testers, will be recruited and randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio into one of three arms: a site-based testing arm, a single HIVST arm and a dual HIV/syphilis self-testing arm. Participants in the single HIVST arm and dual HIV/syphilis self-testing arm will receive two free finger-prick-based HIVST or HIV/syphilis self-testing kits at enrolment. The data will be collected at five separate times: baseline, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months. The primary outcome is the mean frequency of HIV testing used by MSM after intervention comparing each group during the study period. The secondary outcome includes changes in sex behaviours (eg, number of male sex partners and the proportion of consistent condom use) and the mean number of HIV tests used by the social network members over the study period.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Guangxi Medical University, China (20210173). The study results will be disseminated through conferences and academic journals.Trial registration numberChiCTR2100050898.
Early-onset burdensome multimorbidity: an exploratory analysis of sentinel conditions, condition accrual sequence and duration of three long-term conditions using the 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Stannard Sebastian , Holland Emilia , Crozier Sarah R , Hoyle Rebecca , Boniface Michael , Ahmed Mazen , McMahon James , Ware William , Zlatev Zlatko , Alwan Nisreen A , Fraser Simon DS 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThe prevalence of multiple long-term condition (LTC) multimorbidity is increasing with younger onset among socioeconomically deprived populations. Research on life course trajectories towards multimorbidity is limited and early-onset multimorbidity poorly characterised. Understanding sentinel conditions (the first LTC occurring in the life course), the sequence of LTC accrual and the permanency of the reporting of LTCs may help identify time points for prevention efforts. We used a longitudinal birth cohort to estimate the prevalence of a common three-condition early-onset multimorbidity (multiple long-term condition multimorbidity (MLTC-M)) group at midlife, describe the frequency of sentinel conditions, the sequence of LTC accrual and explore the permanency of one of these conditions: psychological distress.Setting1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70).Participants17 196 cohort members born in 1970.Outcome measuresPrevalence of the most common three-condition multimorbidity group at age 46. The nature and timing of sentinel conditions, the sequencing patterns of subsequent LTC accrual and the permanency of the reporting of psychological distress.ResultsAt age 46 high blood pressure, psychological distress and back pain were the most common three-condition MLTC-M group, (4.3%, n=370). A subgroup of 164 (44.3%) people provided complete information on LTC across all time points. Psychological distress measured by the Malaise Index was the most common sentinel condition, occurring in 25.0% (n=41), followed by back pain (22%, n=36). At age 26, 45.1% (75/164) reported their sentinel condition. The most common sequence of LTC accrual was the co-reporting of psychological distress and back pain followed by high blood pressure. Almost one-third (30.5%, n=50) reported a variation of psychological distress across the adult life course.ConclusionIn these exploratory analyses, psychological distress and back pain were the most common sentinel conditions, and along with high blood pressure these three conditions represented the most common three-condition MLTC-M group. These analyses suggest that birth cohorts, like the BCS70, may usefully inform life course-multimorbidity research.
Studying both patient and staff experience to investigate their perceptions and to target key interactions to improve: a scoping review
Authors: Crubezy Marion , Corbin Sara , Hyvert Sophie , Michel Philippe , Haesebaert Julie 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe improvement of patient experience (PE) is related to the experience of staff caring for them. Yet there is little evidence as to which interactions matter the most for both patients and staff, or how they are perceived by them. We aimed to summarise the interactions and the perceptions between patients and staff from studies by using both patient and staff experience data in healthcare institutions.DesignScoping review.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review, including studies dealing with PE and staff experience. Two authors independently reviewed each title/abstract and the selected full-text articles. A list of variables (objective, study design, data sources, tools used, results, interactions, perceptions and actions) was charted and summarised using a narrative approach including both qualitative and quantitative data. Studies were grouped according to their objective and the key interactions summarised according to this stratification. The perceptions of patients and staff were identified in the results of selected studies and were classified into four categories: commonalities and disagreements of perceptions, patients’ perceptions not perceived by professionals and professional’s perceptions not perceived by patients.ResultsA total of 42 studies were included. The stratification of studies by type of objective resulted in six groups that allowed to classify the key interactions (n=154) identified in the results of the selected studies. A total of 128 perceptions related to interaction between patient and staff were reported with the following distribution: commonalities (n=35), disagreements (n=18), patients’ perceptions not perceived by professionals (n=47) and professional’s perceptions not perceived by patients (n=28). We separated positive and negative perceptions, which resulted in seven scenarios, each with actions that can be carried out for one or both populations to overcome barriers.ConclusionThe study of both patient and staff experience allowed the identification of actions that can be taken to change the perceptions of patients and staff.
TOFA-PREDICT study protocol: a stratification trial to determine key immunological factors predicting tofacitinib efficacy and drug-free remission in psoriatic arthritis (PsA)
Authors: Kleinrensink Nienke J , Perton Frank T , Pouw Juliëtte N , Vincken Nanette L A , Hartgring Sarita A Y , Jansen Mylène P , Arbabi Saeed ,   TOFA-PREDICT author group, Foppen Wouter , de Jong Pim A , Tekstra Janneke , Leijten Emmerik F A , Spierings Julia , Lafeber Floris P J G , Welsing Paco M J , Heijstek Marloes W 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, inflammatory, musculoskeletal disease that affects up to 30% of patients with psoriasis. Current challenges in clinical care and research include personalised treatment, understanding the divergence of therapy response and unravelling the multifactorial pathophysiology of this complex disease. Moreover, there is an urgent clinical need to predict, assess and understand the cellular and molecular pathways underlying the response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The TOFA-PREDICT clinical trial addresses this need. Our primary objective is to determine key immunological factors predicting tofacitinib efficacy and drug-free remission in PsA.Methods and analysisIn this investigator-initiated, phase III, multicentre, open-label, four-arm randomised controlled trial, we plan to integrate clinical, molecular and imaging parameters of 160 patients with PsA. DMARD-naïve patients are randomised to methotrexate or tofacitinib. Additionally, patients who are non-responsive to conventional synthetic (cs)DMARDs continue their current csDMARD and are randomised to etanercept or tofacitinib. This results in four arms each with 40 patients. Patients are followed for 1 year. Treatment response is defined as minimal disease activity at week 16. Clinical data, biosamples and images are collected at baseline, 4 weeks and 16 weeks; at treatment failure (treatment switch) and 52 weeks. For the first 80 patients, we will use a systems medicine approach to assess multiomics biomarkers and develop a prediction model for treatment response. Subsequently, data from the second 80 patients will be used for validation.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee in Utrecht, Netherlands, is registered in the European Clinical Trials Database and is carried out in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study’s progress is monitored by Julius Clinical, a science-driven contract research organisation.Trial registration numberEudraCT: 2017-003900-28.
Haemoglobin transfusion threshold in traumatic brain injury optimisation (HEMOTION): a multicentre, randomised, clinical trial protocol
Authors: Turgeon Alexis F , Fergusson Dean A , Clayton Lucy , Patton Marie-Pier , Zarychanski Ryan , English Shane , Docherty Annemarie , Walsh Timothy , Griesdale Donald , Kramer Andreas H , Scales Damon , Burns Karen E. A. , Boyd John Gordon , Marshall John C , Kutsogiannis Demetrios J , Ball Ian , Hébert Paul C , Lamontagne Francois , Costerousse Olivier , St-Onge Maude , Lessard Bonaventure Paule , Moore Lynne , Neveu Xavier , Rigamonti Andrea , Khwaja Kosar , Green Robert S , Laroche Vincent , Fox-Robichaud Alison , Lauzier Francois 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of mortality and long-term disability in young adults. Despite the high prevalence of anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in patients with TBI, the optimal haemoglobin (Hb) transfusion threshold is unknown. We undertook a randomised trial to evaluate whether a liberal transfusion strategy improves clinical outcomes compared with a restrictive strategy.Methods and analysisHEMOglobin Transfusion Threshold in Traumatic Brain Injury OptimizatiON is an international pragmatic randomised open label blinded-endpoint clinical trial. We will include 742 adult patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with an acute moderate or severe blunt TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤12) and a Hb level ≤100 g/L. Patients are randomly allocated using a 1:1 ratio, stratified by site, to a liberal (triggered by Hb ≤100 g/L) or a restrictive (triggered by Hb ≤70 g/L) transfusion strategy applied from the time of randomisation to the decision to withdraw life-sustaining therapies, ICU discharge or death. Primary and secondary outcomes are assessed centrally by trained research personnel blinded to the intervention. The primary outcome is the Glasgow Outcome Scale extended at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include overall functional independence measure, overall quality of life (EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level; EQ-5D-5L), TBI-specific quality of life (Quality of Life after Brain Injury; QOLIBRI), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ-9) and mortality.Ethics and disseminationThis trial is approved by the CHU de Québec—Université Laval research ethics board (MP-20-2018-3706) and ethic boards at all participating sites. Our results will be published and shared with relevant organisations and healthcare professionals.Trial registration numberNCT03260478.