bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical activity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a scoping review
Authors: 项新月  , 黄丽华  , 方勇  , 蔡莎莎  , 张明月  
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Reduced physical activity (PA) was the strongest predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This scoping review aimed to map the evidence on the current landscape of physical activity, barriers and facilitators, and assessment tools across COPD patients.
Methods
Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology framework guided the conduct of this review. An electronic search was conducted on five English databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science (Medline)) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, CQVIP and WAN-FANG) in November 2021. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted the studies characteristics.
Results
The initial search yielded 3686 results, of which 1754 were duplicates. Of the remaining 135 articles, 42 studies met the inclusion criteria. Among the reviewed articles, there were 14 (33.3%) cross-sectional study, 9 (21.4%) cohort study, 4 (9.5%) longitudinal study, 3 qualitative study, 12 (28.7%) randomized control trials (RCTs). The main barriers identified were older age, women, lung function, comorbidities, COPD symptoms (fear of breathlessness, severe fatigue, anxiety and depression), GOLD stage, frequency of exacerbation, oxygen use, low motivation and environment-related (season and weather). Twelve studies have evaluated the effects of physical exercise (e.g., walking training), pulmonary rehabilitation, pedometer, self-efficacy enhancing intervention, behavioral modification intervention on physical activity and have had inconsistent results.
Conclusions
Changing physical activity behavior in patients with COPD requires multidisciplinary collaboration. Future studies need to identify the best instruments to measure physical activity in clinical practice. Future studies should focus on the effects of different types, time and intensity of physical activity in COPD patients and conduct randomized, adequately-powered, controlled trials to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of behavioral change interventions in physical activity.
Underwater Image Restoration with a Complementary Haar Wavelet Transform Restoration and an Ensemble of Triple Elite Correction Algorithms using Bootstrap Aggregation and Random Forests
Authors: Rowghanian Vahid 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents both a new strategy for traditional underwater image restoration using Haar wavelet transform as well as a new learned model that generates an ensemble of triple elite correction algorithm labels based on histogram quadrants’ cumulative distribution feature instead of generating pixel intensities. The Haar wavelet transform is applied on the input image and its contrast stretched image to generate the degraded wavelet coefficients which are refined using Gaussian pyramid of the saliency weights to restore the original image. The ensemble of triple corrections exerts three elite color correction algorithms sequentially on the degraded image for restoration. The ensemble of algorithms covers red channel mean shifting, global RGB adaptation, global luminance adaptation, global saturation adaptation, luminance stretching, saturation stretching, contrast stretching, adaptive Gamma correction for red spectrum, even to odd middle intensity transference using look-up table, green to red spectrum transference using histogram equalization, local brightening, Dark Channel Prior (DCP), fusion restoration, and our Haar wavelet transform restoration. The source is available at https://github.com/vahidr213/Underwater-Image-Restoration-And-Enhancement-Collection
The Effect of Maternal Age and Duration of Labor on Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Shen Jian , Wang Xiaoshu , Song Jia , Zeng Fanyu , Sun Jingli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal age and duration of labor on perinatal and neonatal outcomes.
Methods
From 2016 to 2018, 9,241 parturients (mean age = 29.15 ± 3.41) were included and divided into the age < 28 group (n = 2911), age 28–30 group (n = 3631); and age > 30 years (n = 2699). According to the total duration of labor, the parturients who did not undergo cesarean section (CS) were subgrouped into the < 420 minutes group (n = 4065) and the ≥ 420 minutes group (n = 4094). The perinatal and neonatal outcomes were compared among groups.
Results
Higher age groups were more likely to switch to emergency cesarean section (CS) (P < 0.001). The incidence of postpartum fever was significantly higher in age < 28 and 28–30 groups (P = 0.035). The age 28–30 group was more likely to have abnormal fetal heart rate (P = 0.017). The ≥ 420 minutes group had higher rate of side cut/forceps during delivery, more bleeding volume, higher rate of using oxytocin, postpartum fever, abnormal fetal heart rate, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) as compared with the < 420 minutes group (all P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that as age increased, the rates of switch to emergency CS and abnormal fetal heart rate also increased, while parturients with longer total duration of labor had higher risk of postpartum fever and MSAF (all P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Maternal age was an independent factor associated with switch to emergency CS and abnormal fetal heart rate, while total duration of labor was an independent factor associated with postpartum fever and MSAF.
Comparing effectiveness of various decongestants in the treatment of acute infectious rhinitis
Authors: Bogomilskiy M. R. , Radtsig E. Yu. , Pivneva N. D. , Kesya O. 
Published: January 2022

Rhinitis is characterized by nonspecific symptoms, but they reduce the quality of life as much as possible. Within the framework of this work, the clinical efficacy of drugs based on tuaminoheptane and xylometazoline was evaluated. To achieve this goal, the authors initiated a prospective single-center non-randomized comparative pilot study, the task of which was to compare the effectiveness of intranasal drugs containing tuaminoheptane sulfate and acetylcysteine (Rinofluimucil) and xylometazoline + seawater in pediatric patients with acute uncomplicated rhinitis.Characteristics of children and research methods. The study included patients who met the inclusion / exclusion criteria, they were divided into 2 groups after a standard ENT examination (patients of Group 1 were prescribed with tuaminoheptane sulfate and acetylcysteine (Rinofluimucil), patients of Group 2 were prescribed with a combination of xylometazoline and sea water. The study included 61 patients (32 boys and 19 girls aged 4 to 16 years): 30 patients in Group 1 (tuaminoheptane sulfate and acetylcysteine, Rinofluimucil) and 31 patients in Group 2 (xylometazoline + sea water); comparable by sex and age.Results. Comparison of the patients’ condition at the beginning and at the end of the treatment course demonstrated that both drugs had a therapeutic effect: for each of the assessed indicators in both study groups, there was a pronounced positive trend (statistically significant for all studied symptoms, p<0.01). None of the observed patients during treatment demonstrated unwanted side effects and complications in the middle ear.Conclusion. Intranasal use of a combination of tuaminoheptane sulfate and acylcysteine (Rinofluimucil) has shown efficacy comparable to that of an intranasal spray containing xylometazoline in the treatment of acute uncomplicated rhinitis in children. The advantage of a drug based on tuaminoheptane is the expected gentle effect on the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and the additional therapeutic effect of the original acetylcysteine, which is characteristic of Rinofluimucil.
Predicting early anemia of premature infants with body weight less than 1500 g
Authors: Ivanenkova Yu. A. , Kharlamova N. V. , Kuzmenko G. N. , Nazarov S. B. , Matveeva E. A. , Chasha T. V. 
Published: January 2022

Early anemia of premature children is a characteristic disease of preterm infants, especially those with extremely low and very low body weight at birth. The study of new formation mechanisms will help to carry out preventive measures in a timely manner and prevent this pathology in the neonatal period.Objective. To study insulin-like growth factor-1 and protein-3, which binds insulin-like growth factor, to predict early anemia and its severe variant in premature infants.Characteristics of the children and research methods. The authors carried out the clinical and laboratory examination of 65 newborns of gestational age up to 32 weeks with a birth weight of less than 1500 g. The authors determined the content of insulin-like growth factor-1 and protein-3, which binds insulin-like growth factor in venous blood on the 3-5th day of life.Results. The authors revealed new predictors of early anemia of premature children: the content of protein-3, which binds insulin-like growth factor, on the 3-5th day of life of 0.766 μg/ml or less, and the content of insulin-like growth factor of 25.9 ng/ml or less predict the formation of early anemia in premature and very preterm patients. The authors established the predictors of the severe variant of early anemia of premature children, requiring blood transfusion, namely: the content of protein-3, which binds insulin-like growth factor, taking into account the anthropometric parameters of the child at birth. They developed and implemented the methods for predicting early anemia and its severe variant in premature patients.Conclusion. The results make it possible to timely carry out preventive measures in order to prevent the disease and improve the indicators of health and life quality in very premature patients.
Clinical manifestations of Angelman syndrome in children
Authors: Gorchkhanova Z. K. , Nikolaeva E. A. , Bochenkov S. V. , Belousova E. D. 
Published: January 2022

Angelman syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by mental retardation and severe speech delay, movement disorders and ataxia, dysmorphic features, and behavioral disorders. Angelman syndrome is caused by the loss of the 15q11.2-q13 region of chromosome 15 received from the mother, which leads to a violation of the expression of the UBE3A gene.Purpose. To analyze clinical manifestations in children with Angelman syndrome to identify early-onset and characteristic clinical signs.Characteristics of children and research methods. The study included 60 children. In all cases, Angelman syndrome was diagnosed on the basis of international clinical criteria and the results of genetic testing. The researchers used clinical, functional and molecular genetic research methods.Results. 80-100% of children demonstrated delayed mental and motor development, lack of speech, affective behavior, ataxia, hand stereotypes, apraxia of hand movements, strabismus, sialorrhea. 72% of children had epileptic seizures; all patients (regardless of the presence / absence of epilepsy) had a pattern characteristic of Angelman syndrome on the electroencephalogram. Differential diagnosis was based on the gene / chromosomal syndromes characterized by similar clinical signs.Conclusion. The combination of such most frequent, early clinical symptoms as difficulties in feeding, strabismus, impaired muscle tone, delayed motor and psycho-speech development, affective behavior with frequent laughter, and sleep disorders may indicate Angelman syndrome in a child.
Concentration of fecal β-defensin-2 in children with cystic fibrosis: how the inneral intestinal immune response?
Authors: Kamilova A. T. , Akhmedova D. I. , Umarnazarova Z. E. , Abdullaeva D. A. , Geller S. I. 
Published: January 2022

Cystic fibrosis is a disease caused by mutations in a gene encoding CFTR-protein (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator), located in the apical membrane of epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, intestines and pancreas. Defensins serve as important components of the innate human immune system, they play a key role in providing the first line of defense of a macroorganism against infection; they have high antimicrobial, antiviral, cytotoxic activity.Objective. To determine the values of fecal β-defensin-2 in children with cystic fibrosis and to reveal the dependence of its level on the exocrine function of the pancreas and the severity of the patient’s condition.Characteristics of children and research methods. The study included 57 children with cystic fibrosis, the average age was 20.93 ± 2.9 months. Cystic fibrosis was diagnosed on the basis of an increase in immunoreactive trypsin, sweat chlorides by Cook’s method (>60 meq / l). To assess the exocrine function of the pancreas the scientists determined the activity of fecal elastase. They evaluated the levels of fecal β-defensin-2 and calprotectin using a quantitative enzyme immunoassay.Results. The levels of fecal β-defensin-2 were increased (108.2 ± 11.3 ng / ml) in all children under examination. The researchers found no correlation between the levels of fecal β-defensin-2 and fecal elastase. The level of fecal calprotectin was significantly higher in the group of children with cystic fibrosis as compared to the control group. There was a significant correlation between the levels of fecal calprotectin and fecal β-defensin-2 (r=0.57; p <0.05), however, no correlations were found between the levels of fecal β-defensin-2 and fecal elastase. The group of children with a severe course of the disease demonstrated an increase in the level of fecal β-defensin-2, fecal calprotectin significantly more frequent.Conclusion. Children with cystic fibrosis demonstrated a significant increase in the concentration of β-defensin-2 as compared to the control group, which confirms the activation of the innate immune system of the intestinal mucosa. The researchers traced the relationship between high levels of fecal β-defensin-2 and the severity of the disease. The levels of fecal β-defensin-2 directly correlated with the concentration of fecal calprotectin and there was no correlation between the severity of pancreatic insufficiency and the concentration of fecal β-defensin-2.
Development of hormone dependence in children with hormone-sensitive nephrotic syndrome at the onset of the disease
Authors: Nyrkova P. A. , Savenkova N. D. 
Published: January 2022

Objective. To identify the features of the development of hormone dependence in children with hormone-sensitive nephrotic syndrome at the onset of the disease.Characteristics of children and research methods. The authors carried out a retro- and prospective study with age assessment at the onset of the disease and first relapse in 118 children with hormone-sensitive nephrotic syndrome at the onset with a rarely and often recurrent course.Results. The authors revealed a rarely and often recurrent course in 118 children with hormone-sensitive nephrotic syndrome at the onset of the disease, respectively, in 51 and 49% of cases with the development of hormone dependence (64%) and without (36%). They found statistically significant differences: the age of children at the onset of nephrotic syndrome, who developed hormone dependence and who did not develop, was 3.4 [2.2; 4.8] and 4.2 [3.0; 5.6] years accordingly (p<0.05); the age of children with nephrotic syndrome who developed hormone dependence and who did not develop hormone dependence by first relapse, was 3.8 [2.6; 5.1] and 5.7 [4.0; 7.4] years accordingly (p<0.001). The duration of the period until the first relapse after the onset in children with nephrotic syndrome, who developed hormone dependence and who did not develop hormone dependence, was 4 [4; 5] and 11 [7; 17] months, respectively (p<0.00001). Hormone dependence was revealed in 75 and 47% patients, respectively (p<0.05) among children with nephrotic syndrome who had the first relapse before 5 years of age and after 5 years of age.Conclusion. The age of children at the onset and the first relapse of nephrotic syndrome, which developed hormone dependence, is significantly less than those without hormone dependence. Children with nephrotic syndrome who have had their first relapse before 5 years of age were more likely to become hormone-dependent.
Quality of life in children with latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Adzhablaeva D. N. , Khodzhaeva S. A. 
Published: January 2022

The number of children newly infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to increase. Children from foci of tuberculosis infection are most often susceptible to primary infection. In recent years, the number of children diagnosed with latent tuberculosis infection has tended to increase. It is also important that the detection of active tuberculosis also continues to grow among such children.Objective. To establish the role of risk factors and identify deviations in the quality of life in children with latent tuberculosis infection living in the foci of tuberculosis infection.Characteristics of children and research methods. The researchers examined 110 children aged 0-14 years. They analyzed the risk factors for infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The effectiveness of BCG vaccination was assessed by the presence and size of the scar. The quality of life was determined using the PedsQL questionnaire version 4.0 for children of 0-14 years old.Results and discussion. There were much more children whose mothers suffered from tuberculosis in the family. There were much more children whose mothers released bacteria as compared to the children whose mothers did not excrete mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patients with an infiltrative form of pulmonary tuberculosis were the predominant source of infection in children. The children with diagnosed active tuberculosis with a history of latent tuberculosis infection were in close contact with a family member who had previously been in the penitentiary zone, and also had unsatisfactory living conditions.Conclusion. The presence of an active form of tuberculosis in a child creates the preconditions for a comprehensive deterioration of all parameters of the life quality, while latent tuberculosis infection has an adverse effect only on certain aspects of the life quality. Psychosocial functioning is most commonly affected.
The application of non-oxidizing biocides to prevent biofouling in reverse osmosis polyamide membrane systems: a review
Authors: Da-Silva-Correa Luiz H. , Smith Hayley , Thibodeau Matthew C. , Welsh Bethany , Buckley Heather L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Biofouling of polyamide membranes is one of the main barriers faced by reverse osmosis (RO) technologies to supply fresh water. Currently, biofouling is addressed by feed water pretreatment using chlorine, followed by membrane cleaning. Chlorine damages polyamide membranes and also generates harmful disinfection byproducts. Thus, safer strategies are needed to prevent biofouling in polyamide membrane systems. This review investigates the applicability of the following non-oxidizing biocides in preventing and controlling biofouling in RO systems, including their antimicrobial efficiency, hazard levels, membrane compatibility, and applicability to drinking water treatment: (1) 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA); (2) 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT); (3) sodium bisulfite (SBS), (4) phenoxyethanol (PE), (5) sodium benzoate (SB). According to this review, MIT and DBNPA present most of the features attributed to an ideal anti-biofouling chemical but also are the most hazardous biocides. Due to safety and efficacy, none of the five chemicals were determined to be the final solution to address membrane biofouling. However, alternative RO biocide research is in early development and requires further investigation via biofouling prevention studies. Therefore, future research efforts on the investigation of economic, eco-friendly, and safe antifouling agents to prevent and treat biofouling in RO systems are paramount to promote sustainable water supply in water-stressed countries.
An In-silico Approach to Identify Potential Drug Molecules for Alzheimer’s
Disease: A Case Involving Four Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Nair Smitha Sunil Kumaran , Shafreen Rajamohamed Beema , Al Maskari Saqar Said Nasser , Sivakumar Nallusamy , Rajalekshmi Kiran Gopakumar , Al Mawaali Adhraa 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Computational methods in the ‘omics’ era have proved to be a boon in the drug
discovery field. Bioinformatics and cheminformatics databases and tools complement the successful discovery
of promising lead compounds in the treatment of several disease conditions, including neurodegenerative
diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, commercially available drugs in the
market to alleviate the disease progression in AD patients are sparse. The current research aims to apply
an in-silico approach involving multi-therapeutic agents against multi-therapeutic targets through docking
studies to explore potential lead compounds for AD clinical trials.

Method:
In the proposed research, virtual screening was performed on four US FDA-approved control
drugs (donepezil (DON), galantamine (GAL), rivastigmine (RIV), and tacrine (TAC)) in order to be used
for mild-moderate-severe stages of AD treatment. The panel of compounds identified through virtual
screening was assessed for chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity
(ADMET) and Pharmacokinetics (PK). The compound with good ADMET and PK score was investigated
further with molecular docking against the four therapeutic targets involved in AD. Ligands showing the
highest binding affinity against cholinesterase inhibitors (AChE, BuChE), receptor antagonists (NMDA),
and β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), were computed.

Result:
The compounds quinazolidinone analogue, 2b, isoquinoline-pyridine, 1, benzylmorphine and
coelenteramide, were found to be the lead candidates having least side effects and better efficacy.

Conclusion:
The predicted lead candidates are suitable for further investigation in the drug discovery
pipeline.
Hybrid Compounds Containing Carvacrol Scaffold: In Vitro
Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Evaluation
Authors: Mbese Zintle , Nell Margo , Fonkui Youmbi T. , Ndinteh Derek T. , Steenkamp Vanessa , Aderibigbe Blessing A. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The design of hybrid compounds is a distinct approach
for developing potent bioactive agents. Carvacrol, an essential oil, exhibits antimicrobial,
antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer activity, making it a good precursor
for the development of compounds with potent biological activities. Some
patents have reported carvacrol derivatives with promising biological activities.

Objective:
This study aimed to prepare hybrid compounds containing a carvacrol
scaffold with significant antibacterial and anticancer activity.

Methods:
Esterification reactions between carvacrol and known pharmacophores
were performed at room temperature and characterized using 1H-NMR, 13CNMR,
and UHPLC-HRMS. In vitro antibacterial study was determined using the
microdilution assay and cytotoxicity evaluation using sulforhodamine B staining
assay.

Results:
The FTIR spectra of the carvacrol hybrids revealed prominent bands in
the range of 1612-1764 cm-1 and 1014-1280 cm-1 due to (C=O) and (C-O) stretching
vibrations, respectively. The structures of the carvacrol hybrids were confirmed
by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and UHPLC-HRMS analysis, and compound 5 exhibited
superior activity when compared to the hybrid compounds against the
strains of bacteria used in the study. The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation showed
that compound 3 induced cytotoxicity in all the cancer cell lines; MDA (16.57 ±
1.14 μM), MCF-7 (0.47 ± 1.14 μM), and DU145 (16.25 ± 1.08 μM), as well as
the normal breast cells, MCF-12A (0.75± 1.30 μM). Compound 7 did not induce
cytotoxicity in the cell lines tested (IC50 > 200 μM).

Conclusion:
The modification of carvacrol through hybridization is a promising
approach to develop compounds with significant antibacterial and anticancer activity.