bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unified Wind-Wave Growth and Spectrum Functions for All Water Depths: Field Observations and Model Results
Authors: Hwang Paul A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wind-wave development is governed by the fetch- or duration-limited growth principle that is expressed as a pair of similarity functions relating the dimensionless elevation variance (wave energy) and spectral peak frequency to fetch or duration. Combining the pair of similarity functions, the fetch or duration variable can be removed to form a dimensionless function of elevation variance and spectral peak frequency, which is interpreted as the wave energy evolution with wave age. The relationship is initially developed for quasi-neural stability and quasi-steady wind forcing conditions. Further analyses show that the same fetch, duration, and wave-age similarity functions are applicable to unsteady wind forcing conditions, including rapidly accelerating and decelerating mountain gap wind episodes and tropical cyclone (TC) wind fields. Here it is shown that with the dimensionless frequency converted to dimensionless wavenumber using the surface wave dispersion relationship, the same similarity function is applicable in all water depths. Field data collected in shallow to deep waters and mild to TC wind conditions and synthetic data generated by spectrum model computations are assembled to illustrate the applicability. For the simulation work, the finite-depth wind-wave spectrum model and its shoaling function are formulated for variable spectral slopes. Given wind speed, wave age, and water depth, the measured and spectrum-computed significant wave heights and the associated growth parameters are in good agreement in forcing conditions from mild to TC winds and in all depths from deep ocean to shallow lake.

Significance Statement
This paper presents a growth function and spectrum model to describe wind-wave development in all water depths. Their applicability covers a wide range of wind forcing conditions including steady, accelerating, decelerating, and tropical cyclone events. Support for the unified spectrum model and growth function is presented with field observations and numerical computations.
Early Postoperative Extubation is Associated with Shorter Hospitalization and Improved Short-Term Survival in Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Hendrick Leah E. , Huang Xin , Hewgley William P. , Douthitt Luke , Dickson Paxton V. , Glazer Evan S. , Behrman Stephen W. , Shibata David , Deneve Jeremiah L. 
Published: January 2022

Background Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) is associated with significant operative time, hospital resources, and morbidity. We examine factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) and early overall survival (OS) after CRS/HIPEC. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent CRS/HIPEC were evaluated for factors associated with LOS. Institutional learning curve influence was addressed by comparing early vs late cohorts. Variables with P < .200 after univariate analysis were considered for inclusion in multivariate linear regression modeling. Independent factors associated with OS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results Seventy patients underwent CRS/HIPEC (mean age 52.3 years, 64.3% female, and 68.6% Caucasian). Presence of any surgical complication was found in 26 (37.1%), 28 (40%) remained intubated postoperatively, and the mean Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index (PCI) score was 14.4 ([Formula: see text]10.4). Mean intensive care unit and hospital LOS were 2.9 days ([Formula: see text]2.3) and 9.6 days ([Formula: see text]3.6), respectively. After adjusting for covariates, only shorter time to postoperative ambulation (regression coefficient .92, P = .001) and early extubation (regression coefficient −1.90, P = .018) were associated with decreased hospital LOS on multivariate analysis. Immediate postoperative extubation conferred an independent early survival benefit on Kaplan-Meier analysis (mean OS 714.8 vs 473.4 days, P = .010). There was no difference in hospital LOS or OS between early and late cohorts. Conclusion Early postoperative extubation and shorter time to ambulation are associated with decreased hospital LOS. Moreover, CRS/HIPEC patients extubated immediately postoperatively have an early survival benefit. Every effort should be made to achieve early postoperative extubation and mobilization in CRS/HIPEC patients.
Attention Limitations in the Detection and Identification of Alarms in Close Temporal Proximity
Authors: Wan Yuzhi , Sarter Nadine 
Published: January 2022

Objective The aim of this study was to establish the effects of simultaneous and asynchronous masking on the detection and identification of visual and auditory alarms in close temporal proximity. Background In complex and highly coupled systems, malfunctions can trigger numerous alarms within a short period of time. During such alarm floods, operators may fail to detect and identify alarms due to asynchronous and simultaneous masking. To date, the effects of masking on detection and identification have been studied almost exclusively for two alarms during single-task performance. This research examines 1) how masking affects alarm detection and identification in multitask environments and 2) whether those effects increase as a function of the number of alarms. Method Two experiments were conducted using a simulation of a drone-based package delivery service. Participants were required to ensure package delivery and respond to visual and auditory alarms associated with eight drones. The alarms were presented at various stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). The dependent measures included alarm detection rate, identification accuracy, and response time. Results Masking was observed intramodally and cross-modally for visual and auditory alarms. The SOAs at which asynchronous masking occurred were longer than reported in basic research on masking. The effects of asynchronous and, even more so, simultaneous masking became stronger as the number of alarms increased. Conclusion Masking can lead to breakdowns in the detection and identification of alarms in close temporal proximity in complex data-rich domains. Application The findings from this research provide guidance for the design of alarm systems.
The Role of the Indigenous Patient Navigator: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rankin Aric , Baumann Andrea , Downey Bernice , Valaitis Ruta , Montour Amy , Mandy Pat 
Published: January 2022

Background Healthcare systems are complex and as a result patients may experience fragmentation of services. Indigenous populations experience increasingly disproportionate health disparities compared to non-Indigenous populations. Patient navigation is known as a patient-centered approach to empower individuals to connect with appropriate services. Literature surrounding the Indigenous Patient Navigator (IPN) remains sparse necessitating this scoping review. Purpose: To map the current state of the role of the IPN internationally within Canada, United States, Australia and New Zealand. Methods Estalished methodological framework by Arksey and O’Malley and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews was used. Results A total of 820 articles were reviewed from four databases, yielding sixteen articles. Conclusions The absence of published literature surrounding the IPN role in Australia and New Zealand was surprising considering similar histories of colonization. The term navigator was used most often and was typically used when describing lay/peer roles. Professional roles were described using specific role descriptions. Six IPN roles were identified including: (1) social service navigation, (2) wholistic support of Indigenous people, (3) advocacy/building capacity, (4) health assessment, (5) administrative navigation, and (6) outreach. Additionally, barriers and enablers IPNs address are identified. This scoping review will assist to promote and reinforce the IPN role.
Effect of process parameters of fused deposition modeling on mechanical properties of poly-ether-ether-ketone and carbon fiber/poly-ether-ether-ketone
Authors: Wang Pei , Pan Aigang , Xia Liu , Cao Yitao , Zhang Hongjie , Wu Weichao 
Published: January 2022

As a rapidly developing additive manufacturing technology, fused deposition modeling (FDM) has become widespread in many industry fields. It can fabricate complicated geometries using filament of thermoplastic materials such as PP, polylactic acid, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, etc. However, poor mechanical properties of raw materials limit their application. Poly-ether-ether-ketone is a type of special engineering plastic with high performance, which could be further reinforced by adding carbon fibers (CFs). During FDM process, the mechanical properties of printed parts are largely subject to careful selection of process parameters. To improve the mechanical properties of PEEK and CF/PEEK 3D-printed parts, the effects of various process parameters including building orientation, raster angle, nozzle temperature, platform temperature, ambient temperature, printing speed, layer thickness, infill density, and number of printed parts on mechanical properties were investigated. The tensile fracture interfaces of printed parts were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to explain the influence mechanism of process parameters. In the single factor experiments, flat and on-edge specimens show the best tensile and flexural strength, respectively; the specimens with raster angle ±45° and 0° show the best tensile and flexural strength, respectively. When the nozzle temperature at 500°C, platform temperature at 200°C, ambient temperature at 150°C, printing speed is 20 mm/s, layer thickness is 0.2 mm, and infill density is 100%, the printed parts exhibit the best mechanical properties.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Outcomes After Ankle Fusion: A Short Report
Authors: Ramanathan Deepak , Emara Ahmed K. , Pinney Stephen , Bell Andrea , Miniaci-Coxhead Sara Lyn 
Published: January 2022

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been postulated as a cause for impaired bone healing and remodeling. The purpose of this study was to assess the potential association between low vitamin D levels and reoperation for nonunion following ankle fusion surgery. Methods: All adult patients (aged ≥18 years) who underwent ankle fusion procedures at a tertiary referral center from January 2010 to January 2019 with available vitamin D levels within 12 months preoperatively were retrospectively reviewed (n = 47). Patients were categorized as vitamin D deficient (<30 ng/mL) vs normal (31-80 ng/mL). The primary outcome was the incidence of reoperation secondary to nonunion. Secondary outcomes included incidence of reoperation not related to nonunion and the need for repeat reoperation. Results: The average level in the vitamin D–deficient group (n = 17; 36.2%) was 16.9 vs 46.4 ng/mL in the normal group (n = 30; 63.8%). All recorded reoperations for nonunion occurred exclusively in the vitamin D–deficient cohort (4/17 [23.5%]; P = .013). There were similar reoperation rates for causes other than nonunion (2/17 [11.8%] vs 4/30 [13.3%]; P > .99) and repeat reoperation rates (3/17 [17.6%] vs 1/30 [3.3%]; P = .128) among vitamin D–deficient vs normal patients. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased risk of reoperation for nonunion after ankle fusion.
Contour-Assisted coiling with jailed microcatheter May result in better occlusion (CoCoJaMBO) in wide-necked intracranial aneurysms: Proof of principle and immediate angiographic results
Authors: Wodarg Fritz , Ozpeynirci Yigit , Hensler Johannes , Jansen Olav , Liebig Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms, partially thrombosed, and recurrences of large and giant aneurysms are challenging to treat. We report our preliminary experience with a Contour-assisted coiling technique and discuss the periprocedural safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of the approach. Methods We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who received endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms with an intra-aneurysmal flow disruptor (Contour) at two neurovascular centres between October 2018 and December 2020 and identified patients treated with a combination of Contour and platinum coils. Clinical and procedural data were recorded. Results For this analysis, 8 patients (5 female) aged 60.1  ±  9.2 years on average were identified. Three of 8 aneurysms were associated with previous acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The mean average dome height was 12.8  ±  7.6 mm, mean maximum dome width 10.3  ±  5.4 mm, and neck width 5.5  ±  2.5 mm. The mean dome-to-neck ratio was 1.9  ±  1.0. Immediate complete occlusion of the aneurysm was seen in 5 of 8 cases. In one SAH patient, a parent vessel was temporarily occluded but could be reopened rapidly. One device detached prematurely without any sequelae. No other procedural adverse events were recorded. Conclusion From this initial experience, Contour with adjunctive coiling is a safe and technically feasible method for endovascular treatment of large, wide-necked, partially thrombosed, recurrent, or ruptured bifurcation aneurysms. Further studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up are needed to confirm our results.
Medical Students’ Attitude Towards Robotic Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Sultan Intessar , Bardi Mohammed Fuad , Baatta Abdulrahman Mohammed , Almaghrabi Saif , Mohammed Rehab Abdelfattah 
Published: January 2022

Introduction The robotic surgery and procedures are increasing worldwide. It is unknown whether medical students are well prepared for their future exposure to such technology. Objectives This study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitude of medical students from Saudi Arabia (SA) towards the robotic surgery. Methods We performed a cross-sectional survey of medical students at different colleges of medicine in SA. A web-based self-administered questionnaire using google forms was completed over a 2-month period starting on June 2021. Comparison between those with and without background about robotic surgery was performed. Results A total of 239 medical students from both governmental (46%) and private colleges (54%) responded to the questionnaire. 51.9% were interested in the surgical field and 37.7% considered themselves tech-savvy persons. Only (22.6%) had previous background about robotic surgery mainly from internet. Many (63.2%) showed positive attitude towards robotic surgery and expected that using robots will improve surgical outcomes. 48.5% of the students expected that patients in SA will not accept the robotic surgeries. Some (51.1%) concerned that robots could replace the surgeons and could make them less professional. Many believed that SA should invest and expand the robotic surgeries (69.1%). Students with background in robotic surgery had significantly younger median age (p < 0.030), earlier academic years (p < 0.001), higher GPA (p < 0.025), and more tech-savvy personality (p < 0.000) compared to those without background. Conclusion Most medical students are unaware of robotic surgery, but they have positive attitude with some concerns. Young students who consider themselves tech-savvy persons are in a better position, but they access their knowledge from internet rather than from their medical education. Medical curricula and residency training program should take these findings into consideration for preparing the future surgeons in SA.
Lessons Learned from Clinical and Translational Science Faculty and Student Survey as COVID-19 Pandemic Continues to Shift Education Online
Authors: Forkner Katherine A. , Wissman Adam W. , Jimison Ryan C. , Nelson Kristina B. , Wuertz Ryan E. , Silvano Carmen J. , Barreto Erin F. , Eckel Passow Jeanette E. , Enders Felicity T. , Staff Nathan P. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction As the pandemic continues with new variants emerging, faculty and students require support with education's rapid shift to the virtual space. The Mayo Clinic Center for Clinical and Translational Science curriculum team works closely with faculty to support a smooth transition to offering graduate courses in a virtual learning environment. The aim of the present project was to explore faculty and student perceptions of these remote learning strategies to gain an understanding of the innovations required to improve future educational offerings. Methods All faculty and learners involved in nine Clinical and Translational Science courses in spring 2020 were invited to participate in a web-based questionnaire. Quantitative analysis was performed on closed-ended items, including 5-point Likert-scale questions used to assess the range of views. Qualitative free-text responses were independently analyzed for repetitive themes and summarized. Additionally, comparisons of faculty and course evaluations and student grade point averages (GPAs) from the in-person courses and their subsequent virtual course offerings were considered. Results Survey results indicated several positive impacts with moving courses into the virtual environment, including increased accessibility as well as more student-centered education. Learners joining from sites outside of the originating campus were especially grateful for the virtual classroom because they felt newly integrated within classes. Faculty and course evaluations, as well as student GPAs, remained consistent. Conclusion New COVID-19 variants continue to shift education online, and innovative ideas are required to further improve future virtual course offerings. Increased engagement is warranted, both from faculty to incorporate activities designed specifically for a virtual classroom, and from students to increase participation by activating their microphones and webcams. Greater opportunities for global involvement and connectedness arise. Finally, this project advocates for adequate eLearning staffing to support quality online education as the need for pedagogical and technical provision continues.
The safety and efficacy of using moxibustion and or acupuncture for cancer-related insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Wang Carol Chunfeng , Han Ellen Yichun , Jenkins Mark , Hong Xuepei , Pang Shuqin , Whitehead Lisa , Kirk Deborah L. , Williams Anne 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to synthesise the best available evidence on the safety and efficacy of using moxibustion and/or acupuncture to manage cancer-related insomnia (CRI). Methods: The PRISMA framework guided the review. Nine databases were searched from its inception to July 2020, published in English or Chinese. Randomised clinical trials (RCTs) of moxibustion and or acupuncture for the treatment of CRI were selected for inclusion. Methodological quality was assessed using the method suggested by the Cochrane collaboration. The Cochrane Review Manager was used to conduct a meta-analysis. Results: Fourteen RCTs met the eligibility criteria. Twelve RCTs used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score as continuous data and a meta-analysis showed positive effects of moxibustion and or acupuncture ( n = 997, mean difference (MD) = −1.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −2.75 to −0.94, p < 0.01). Five RCTs using continuous data and a meta-analysis in these studies also showed significant difference between two groups ( n = 358, risk ratio (RR) = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.26–0.80, I2 = 39%). Conclusion: The meta-analyses demonstrated that moxibustion and or acupuncture showed a positive effect in managing CRI. Such modalities could be considered an add-on option in the current CRI management regimen.
Weil’s Disease Death Investigation and Outbreak Control Measures Instituted in the Field Area of a Family Health Center in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala—A Case Report
Authors: Vasisht Pranav V. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Weil syndrome, a rare infectious disorder, is a severe form of the bacterial infection caused by Leptospira bacteria known as leptospirosis. Weil syndrome is characterized by dysfunction of the kidneys and liver, abnormal enlargement of the liver (hepatomegaly), persistent yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, whites of the eyes (jaundice), and/or alterations in consciousness. In most cases, Weil syndrome occurs among individuals who are exposed to affected animals. Case Presentation and Summary: The investigation of death was done by a team consisting of doctor, junior health inspector, and ASHA workers of the area. We did a qualitative approach of in-depth interview of the wife and daughter-in-law of the deceased for data collection. The patient’s name and other details are not revealed for anonymity. No particular statistical analyses are used for this case reporting. The CARE guidelines were followed for writing this report. Conclusion: Leptospirosis is a disease of outbreak potential and has high case fatality rate. Timely identification of cases and institution of preventive measures is very important in preventing outbreaks. The surveys conducted in the area did not reveal any signs of an imminent or ongoing outbreak of leptospirosis.
Patellar MACI With Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy
Authors: Matthews John R. , Paul Ryan W. , Freedman Kevin 
Published: January 2022

Background: Chondral pathology is frequently encountered during knee arthroscopies with a prevalence rate of 63% to 66%. Prior studies have demonstrated that unaddressed or excised fragments result in poor knee function and arthritis. As a result, chondral-related procedures have increased in popularity, and now more than 200,000 procedures are performed annually. Indications: We present a case of an active 32-year-old woman, prior collegiate basketball player, with persistent left knee pain noted to have a full-thickness patellar articular cartilage defect and maltracking. Technique: A patellar autologous matrix-induced chondrocyte is implanted with a concomitant tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) and lateral retinacular lengthening. Results: At 9 weeks, the patient had no knee pain with full range of motion symmetric to the contralateral side while slowly progressing with quadriceps strengthening. Discussion/Conclusion: Successful outcomes addressing large patellar chondral defects and maltracking can be achieved with matrix autologous chondrocyte implantation and concomitant TTO with lateral retinacular lengthening.
Echocardiography and Laboratory Factors Associated With Prolonged Postoperative Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Alihajdaraj Rrezarta , Grbolar Adem , Krasniqi Xhevdet , Bekteshi Tefik , Bakalli Aurora 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Pericardial effusion is a frequent finding in patients who undergo cardiac surgery. There are currently limited data providing information regarding the factors that may contribute to postoperative pericarditis. The aim was to evaluate laboratory and echocardiographic features that may influence the presence of pericardial effusion 6 to 8 weeks following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study that included 90 patients after CABG operation who were divided into two groups. A total of 32 (35.56%) patients with pericardial effusion on follow-up echocardiography formed the first group and 58 patients without pericardial effusion the second group, which were compared in respect to components that were taken prior to the operation. Results: The groups did not differ regarding sex (males 65.62% vs 63.79%, P = .86) or age (59.59 ± 9.29 vs 61.69 ± 10.71, P = .35). Platelet count (184.74 ± 58.79 vs 222.62 ± 88.97, P = .03) and left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) (−14.64 ± 6.86 vs −16.96 ± 4.1, P = .04) demonstrated statistical significance. Conclusion: Prolonged postoperative pericardial effusion in small amounts may be found in patients, with preoperative lower thrombocyte count and LV GLS, which could be possible predisposing factors.