bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between platelet indices and presence and severity of psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Z. , Perry L. A. , Morgan V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe role of platelet function indices—platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), immature platelet fraction (IPF), and platelet mass index (PMI)—in psoriasis is uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of these platelet biomarkers with both presence and severity of psoriasis. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library from inception to November 2021. To evaluate the association of platelet function indices and psoriasis, we recorded mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as correlation coefficients (r) for each included study, and generated summary estimates using random-effects inverse-variance modelling. We screened 1,079 unique studies, and included 33 studies with 6724 patients in the quantitative analyses. Compared with controls, patients with psoriasis had higher PLT (MD 12.86 × 109/L, 95% CI 6.34–19.39, p < 0.001), MPV (MD 0.61fL, 95% CI 0.31–0.92, p < 0.001), and PCT (MD 0.05%, 95% CI 0.01–0.09, p = 0.010), but similar PDW (MD 0.16%, 95% CI -0.46–0.79, p = 0.610). Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was weakly correlated with PLT (r 0.17, 95% CI 0.06–0.28, p = 0.003), MPV (r 0.36, 95% CI 0.22–0.49, p < 0.001), and PDW (r 0.17, 95% CI 0.08–0.26, p < 0.001). Study numbers were insufficient to judge the relationship of IPF and PMI with psoriasis presence, or PCT, IPF, and PMI with psoriasis severity. In summary, PLT, MPV, and PCT are significantly elevated in patients with psoriasis, and PLT, MPV, and PDW are weakly correlated with PASI. Future studies are needed to evaluate the independent diagnostic and prognostic potentials of these biomarkers in patients with psoriasis.
Efficient numerical approximation of a non-regular Fokker–Planck equation associated with first-passage time distributions
Authors: Boehm Udo , Cox Sonja , Gantner Gregor , Stevenson Rob 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn neuroscience, the distribution of a decision time is modelled by means of a one-dimensional Fokker–Planck equation with time-dependent boundaries and space-time-dependent drift. Efficient approximation of the solution to this equation is required, e.g., for model evaluation and parameter fitting. However, the prescribed boundary conditions lead to a strong singularity and thus to slow convergence of numerical approximations. In this article we demonstrate that the solution can be related to the solution of a parabolic PDE on a rectangular space-time domain with homogeneous initial and boundary conditions by transformation and subtraction of a known function. We verify that the solution of the new PDE is indeed more regular than the solution of the original PDE and proceed to discretize the new PDE using a space-time minimal residual method. We also demonstrate that the solution depends analytically on the parameters determining the boundaries as well as the drift. This justifies the use of a sparse tensor product interpolation method to approximate the PDE solution for various parameter ranges. The predicted convergence rates of the minimal residual method and that of the interpolation method are supported by numerical simulations.
On a multiwavelet spectral element method for integral equation of a generalized Cauchy problem
Authors: Asadzadeh M. , Saray B. N. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper we deal with construction and analysis of a multiwavelet spectral element scheme for a generalized Cauchy type problem with Caputo fractional derivative. Numerical schemes for this type of problems, often suffer from the draw-back of spurious oscillations. A common remedy is to render the problem to an equivalent integral equation. For the generalized Cauchy type problem, a corresponding integral equation is of nonlinear Volterra type. In this paper we investigate wellposedness and convergence of a stabilizing multiwavelet scheme for a, one-dimensional case (in [a, b] or [0, 1]), of this problem. Based on multiwavelets, we construct an approximation procedure for the fractional integral operator that yields a linear system of equations with sparse coefficient matrix. In this setting, choosing an appropriate threshold, the number of non-zero coefficients in the system is substantially reduced. A severe obstacle in the convergence analysis is the lack of continuous derivatives in the vicinity of the inflow/ starting boundary point. We overcome this issue through separating a J (mesh)-dependent, small, neighborhood of a (or origin) from the interval, where we only take $$L_2$$

L
2

-norm. The estimate in this part relies on Chebyshev polynomials, viz. As reported by Richardson( Chebyshev interpolation for functions with endpoint singularities via exponential and double-exponential transforms, Oxford University, UK, 2012) and decreases, almost, exponentially by raising J. At the remaining part of the domain the solution is sufficiently regular to derive the desired optimal error bound. We construct such a modified scheme and analyze its wellposedness, efficiency and accuracy. The robustness of the proposed scheme is confirmed implementing numerical examples.
Measurement Feedback System for Intensive Neurorehabilitation after Severe Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: van der Veen Ruud , Oosterlaan Jaap , Bos Mike , van Dooren Mara , Düdükçü Işıl , van Iperen Andries , Kooiman Linda , Nicolas Karel , Peerdeman Saskia , Königs Marsh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOutcome of acquired brain injury (ABI) and the potential for neurorehabilitation are subject to distinct heterogeneity between patients. Limited knowledge of the complex constellation of determinants at play interferes with the possibility to deploy precision medicine in neurorehabilitation. Measurement Feedback Systems (MFS) structure clinical data collection and deliver the measurement results as feedback to clinicians, thereby facilitating progress monitoring, promoting balanced patient-centered discussion and shared decision making. Accumulation of clinical data in the MFS also enables data-driven precision rehabilitation medicine. This article describes the development and implementation of a MFS for neurorehabilitation after ABI. The MFS consists of specialized measurement tracks which are developed together with representatives of each discipline in the multidisciplinary team. The MFS is built into a digital platform that automatically distributes measurements among clinicians, at predetermined time points during the inpatient treatment, outpatient treatment and follow-up. The results of all measurements are visualized in individual patient dashboards that are accessible for all clinicians involved in treatment. Since step-wise implementation, 124 patients have been registered on the MFS platform so far, providing an average of more than 200 new measurements per week. Currently, more than 15,000 clinical measurements are captured in the MFS. The current overall completion rate of measurements is 86,4%. This study shows that structured clinical assessment and feedback is feasible in the context of neurorehabilitation after severe ABI. The future directions are discussed for MFS data in our Health Intelligence Program, which aims at periodic care evaluation and the transition of neurorehabilitation care towards precision medicine.
Size-Dependent Fracture Characteristics of Intermetallic Alloys
Authors: Raina Arun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Lightweight alloys such as intermetallic titanium aluminide (TiAl) alloys are poised to be a potential candidate for replacing heavier nickel based super alloys in an aero engine. However, before an industry wide implementation is possible, it is indispensable to develop physically accurate computational material models which account for essential deformation and fracture mechanisms. This assists the virtual prototyping required for the new product development using TiAl components.

Objective
The objective of this work is to determine the effect of size of tested specimens on their fracture energy and provide a physically motivated scaling law.

Methods
In this work, the quasi-brittle behavior of TiAl alloys is experimentally and numerically investigated. A total number of 29 geometrically identical TiAl specimens of three different sizes are tested in a three-point bending setup. Since the final abrupt failure of each specimen is preceded by plasticity, a theoretical and numerical framework which accounts for both elastic and plastic work densities is applied in simulations.

Results
The fracture energy density for each tested size is calculated numerically which is found to be lower for larger volumes, thereby, confirming the size effect in intermetallic TiAl alloys. A novel size effect law is proposed which is based on two physically motivated coefficients.

Conclusions
The work concludes with the quantitative knowledge of the size-dependent fracture energy of intermetallic alloys and an empirical scaling law to predict the same. Excellent predictive capability of the proposed law is successfully established with data of various quasi-brittle materials from literature.
Micro-feature-motivated numerical analysis of the coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical behaviour in MICP
Authors: Wang Xuerui , Nackenhorst Udo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA coupled bio-chemo-hydro-mechanical model (BCHM) is developed to investigate the permeability reduction and stiffness improvement in soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP). Specifically, in our model based on the geometric method a link between the micro- and macroscopic features is generated. This allows the model to capture the macroscopic material property changes caused by variations in the microstructure during MICP. The developed model was calibrated and validated with the experimental data from different literature sources. Besides, the model was applied in a scenario simulation to predict the hydro-mechanical response of MICP-soil under continuous biochemical, hydraulic and mechanical treatments. Our modelling study indicates that for a reasonable prediction of the permeability reduction and stiffness improvement by MICP in both space and time, the coupled BCHM processes and the influences from the microstructural aspects should be considered. Due to its capability to capture the dynamic BCHM interactions in flexible settings, this model could potentially be adopted as a designing tool for real MICP applications.
A Systematic Review of the Effects of Urban Living on Suicidality and Self-Harm in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Satherley Rose-Marie , Hazell Cassie M. , Jones Christina J. , Hanna Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe
conducted a systematic review to answer the following: (a) Is there any evidence to support increased prevalence of suicidality and self-harm (i.e. self-harm or suicidality) in urban versus rural environments? (b) What aspects of the urban environment pose risk for suicidality and self-harm? Thirty-five studies met our criteria. Our findings reflect a mixed picture, but with a tendency for urban living to be associated with an increased risk of suicidality and self-harm over rural living, particularly for those living in deprived areas. Further research should focus on the clustering and additive effects of risk and protective factors for suicidality and self-harm in urban environments.
Bifurcations of balanced configurations for the Newtonian n-body problem in $$\mathbb {R}^4$$
Authors: Asselle Luca , Fenucci Marco , Portaluri Alessandro 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFor the gravitational n-body problem, the simplest motions are provided by those rigid motions in which each body moves along a Keplerian orbit and the shape of the system is a constant (up to rotations and scalings) configuration featuring suitable properties. While in dimension $$d \le 3$$

d
≤
3

the configuration must be central, in dimension $$d \ge 4$$

d
≥
4

new possibilities arise due to the complexity of the orthogonal group, and indeed there is a wider class of S-balanced configurations, containing central ones, which yield simple solutions of the n-body problem. Starting from the recent results in [2], we study the existence of continua of bifurcations branching from a trivial branch of collinear S-balanced configurations and provide an estimate from below on the number of bifurcation instants. In the last part of the paper, by using the continuation method, we explicitly display the bifurcation branches in the case of the three body problem for different choices of the masses.
A mixed methods study of an online intervention to reduce perfectionism
Authors: Visvalingam Shanara , McHardy Hannah L. , Norder Susanne J. , Magson Natasha R. , Norberg Melissa M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPerfectionism is linked to a variety of mental health conditions in university students. Guided by the Perfectionism Social Disconnection Model, the purpose of the current mixed methods feasibility study was to evaluate the acceptability and potential effectiveness of a brief online intervention designed to reduce the negative consequences of perfectionism in university students. Seventy university students (83.9% female; Mage = 19) reporting moderate to extreme levels of perfectionism completed the two hour ‘Intentional Imperfection Program’ (IIP). The IIP includes techniques to increase mindfulness, compassion for self and others, distress tolerance, and social skills. Participants completed self-report measures at baseline and at a two-week follow-up. Quantitative data showed statistically significant small to moderate reductions in self-oriented perfectionism (d = −0.48, p < .001), socially-prescribed perfectionism (d = 0.40, p < .001), hostility (r = 0.53, p < .001), rejection sensitivity (d = 0.37, p < .001), depression (r = −0.47, p < .001), and anxiety (r = −0.33, p = .010) and a small increase in perceived social support (r = −0.29, p = .023). Thematic analyses of qualitative data indicated that participants found the IIP feasible, enjoyable, and useful. A brief online intervention may be a feasible way of reducing the negative consequences of perfectionism among university students. A randomised control trial is warranted to further evaluate the efficacy of the IIP. This research was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (no. ACTRN12620000574943).
Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental variations across the upper Paleocene–lowermost Eocene at Gebel Nezzazat, West Central Sinai, Egypt
Authors: Kasem Atef M. , Faris Mahmoud M. , Osman Osman M. , Badawy Ahmed Yehia E. , Shaker Fatma 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDetailed lithostratigraphic and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphic studies were carried out across the Paleocene–Eocene (P-E) that outcrops at Gebel Nezzazat (G. Nezzazat) in West Central Sinai (Egypt). The study interval spans from the upper part of the Tarawan Formation to the lowermost Thebes Formation covering the whole Esna Formation in between them. The Esna Formation had been subdivided into four members: the Hanadi, Dababiya Quarry, Mahmiya, and Abu Had Members. Five calcareous nannofossil biozones (NP7/8, NP9 to NP12) and four subzones (NP9a and NP9b and NP10a and NP10b) were recognized. The lowest occurrences (LOs) ofFasciculithus alaniigroup,Neochiastozygus junctus,Sphenolithus radians, andBlackites herculesiias well as the highest occurrence ofF. alaniigroup and the increased frequency ofN. junctusare biostratigraphically significant. On contrast, the LOs ofDiscoaster binodosus,Discoaster mahmoudii,Discoaster diastypus,Zygrhablithus bijugatus, andCampylosphaera delaas well as the LOs ofFasciculithus tympaniformisare unreliable bioevents. Calcareous nannofossils increase in abundance close to the P-E transition.Ericsonia subpertusasuddenly increases above the base of Eocene, whereas the diversity ofFasciculithusdrops close to this level. The P-E boundary at G. Nezzazat was placed at the base of the Dababiya Quarry Member in coincidence with the base of Subzone NP9b that was delineated by the LOs ofDiscoaster araneus,Rhomboaster cuspis,Rhomboaster calcitrapa,Rhomboaster spineus, andRhomboaster bitrifida. A small gap was recorded across the P-E boundary as indicated by the lack of the four beds of the Dababiya Quarry Member. The changes in calcareous nannofossil assemblages reveal warm-water and oligotrophic conditions prevailed during the transition at G. Nezzazat.
Comparison of Tropical Cyclone Wind Radius Estimates between the KMA, RSMC Tokyo, and JTWC
Authors: Kim Hye-Ji , Moon Il-Ju , Oh Imyong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study compared estimates of gale-force wind radii (R30 or R34) and storm-force wind radii (R50) of tropical cyclones (TC) by three agencies—the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) Tokyo, and the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)—in the western North Pacific during 2015–2018 and investigated the characteristics of these estimates. The results showed that the KMA’s R30 and R50 estimates were smaller (38% and 29%, respectively) than those of the RSMC Tokyo, and larger (11%) for R30 and smaller (12%) for R50 than those of the JTWC. The differences between these agencies seem to be largely determined by whether the agency estimates wind radii based only on a TC’s own winds or on TC winds combined with other mid-latitude synoptic systems to make TC warnings more comprehensive. The former is mainly the practice of the KMA and JTWC, whereas the latter is mainly the practice of the RSMC Tokyo. The factors considered for estimating wind radii also differ between the agencies: the KMA heavily relies on TC intensity—the higher the intensity, the larger the radius—while the RSMC Tokyo and JTWC rely less on TC intensity than the KMA but additionally consider the latitude and storm translation speed in their estimations. In particular, the TC translation speed considered by the RSMC Tokyo and JTWC explains why their estimated wind radii exhibit, on average, greater asymmetries (i.e., greater differences between the longest and shortest radii) than those estimated by the KMA. The findings of agency-dependent characteristics of TC wind radius data help to better determining and understanding the TC impact areas for TC risk reduction and management.
Identification coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and physicochemical qualities in various water sources and the efficiency of water treatment plants in their removal- case study: Northwest region of Iran
Authors: Jeddi Farhad , Karami Chiman , Pourfarzi Farhad , Dargahi Abdollah , Vosoughi Mehdi , Normohammadi Ali , sedigh Anoshirvan , Alighadri Morteza , Sadeghi Hadi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in water resources and the transmission of diseases caused by it is one of the factors threatening the quality of water resources. This study for the first time concentrates on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in water resources an urban location. In the present study, the samples were collected from known depth (30–50 cm) of rivers, dams and lakes. In each sample of water collected, different parameters such as residual chlorine, pH (phenol red), turbidity, total dissolved solids and temperature were also measured. Out of 267 samples, two samples were detected to be positive which their Ct values were 34.2 and 35.67. The existence of viable form of this virus in water and wastewater may be associated with issues for providing public health and difficulties in implementation of pandemic control strategies, and this situation can be exacerbated in developing countries that do not have adequate access to sanitation and safe water.
Application of a membrane condenser system for ammonia recovery from humid waste gaseous streams at a minimum energy consumption
Authors: Macedonio Francesca , Frappa Mirko , Bamaga Omar , Abulkhair H. , Almatrafi Eydhah , Albeirutty Mohammad , Tocci Elena , Drioli Enrico 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmong the various technologies for the removal and recovery of chemicals from gaseous streams, the membrane condenser (MCo) is proposed and analyzed in this work. In particular, the case of MCo used for the recovery of ammonia at minimum energy consumption is reported. For reaching this aim, three different MCo configurations have been proposed and compared. They differ in the way cooling is achieved: in configuration 1, the feed is cooled via cooling water before entering the membrane module; in configuration 2, a cold sweeping gas cools the feed stream directly inside the membrane module; in configuration 3, the feed is first partially cooled via an external medium and then a sweeping gas is used for the final cooling of the stream. The achieved results indicate configuration 2, among the three different proposed schemes, the one allowing to minimize energy consumption while permitting good water and chemicals recovery.
Patent Notice (Failure) in the Era of Patent Monetization
Authors: Gorbatyuk Arina , Kovács Adrián 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe most commonly provided economic rationale underlying the patent system is that it incentivizes inventive effort that may not be carried out in its absence. In addition to this utilitarian rationale, economic and legal scholars frequently refer to a second rationale: the dissemination of technological information to the public. This notice function is thought of as an important mechanism to enable a more efficient investment in innovation by stimulating further (cumulative) innovation, reducing wasteful duplicate innovative efforts, and limiting unnecessary litigation. Courts have placed a great deal of emphasis on the notice function and have described it as thequid pro quoof granting patent owners the right to exclude. Whereas the notice function is traditionally confined to the adequate disclosure of inventions, we propose that in light of the recent trend towards rapidly growing markets for patent monetization it should also encompass the adequate disclosure of holders of patent rights. Specifically, we argue that knowing the identity of rightsholders is a fundamental prerequisite for any patent transaction to occur. Based on a comparative analysis of the provisions of six patent offices, we illustrate that even though current provisions warrant an adequate disclosure of the identity of initial patent applicants, they provide the public with only limited opportunities to track subsequent changes of ownership. Whilst most patent authorities require to file notice when patent rights are assigned, strict enforcement mechanisms are absent. This allows for a lack of transparency of patent ownership, which may hamper rather than facilitate technology transactions.
A Spatial Approach to the Study of the Electoral Resurgence of the Extreme Right in Southern Spain
Authors: Iglesias-Pascual Ricardo , Benassi Federico , Paloma Virginia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study analyzes at a local level (i.e. census tract) the spatial patterns and main contextual factors related to the electoral resurgence of the extreme-right party (VOX) in Southern Spain (Andalusia) in 2018 and 2019. The 2019 electoral data was associated with the percentage of total foreign-born population, degree of territorial concentration of economic migrants, average income level, percentage of elderly people, urban/rural areas and the percentage of vote for VOX in 2018 (t − 1). We used a global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis to detect the spatial patterns of the vote for VOX and a spatial Durbin regression model to assess the role of contextual variables and spatial effects. The results underline the importance of space in modelling the vote for VOX and point to the existence of a spatial diffusion process. Previous electoral behavior and the urban milieu also play key roles in explaining the vote for VOX. Moreover, the territorial concentration of economic migrants is negatively related with the vote for VOX, which illustrates the positive character of interracial contact.