bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simian virus 40 DNA in immunocompetent children with respiratory disease
Authors: Kiasari Bahman Abedi , Fallah Fatemeh Hoda , Koohi Mohammad kazem , Duarte Phelipe Magalhães , Tazerji Sina Salajegheh , Fawzy Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEvidence of Simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA sequences or gene products has been reported in a variety of organ systems in humans. However, the route of transmission and the significance of SV40 polyomavirus infection in human are unknown. The aim of study was to characterize the frequency of SV40 infection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with respiratory diseases. Respiratory specimens from patients with respiratory tract illness obtained from nasopharyngeal aspirates (n = 280) were screened for SV40 polyomavirus using real‐time PCR; coinfection with other viruses was examined. Positive results were confirmed with sequencing. Of the 280 samples analysed, 2 (0.71%) were positive for SV40. SV40 was identified in nasopharyngeal aspirate samples from children aged 8 and 14 months who were immunocompetent. Both patients had upper or lower respiratory tract infection. Coinfections with other viruses were found in 50% of the SV40 positive samples. The data suggest that SV40 can infect respiratory tract, that respiratory tract may represent a route of transmission or a site for virus persistence, and that with the high rate of co‐infection, SV40 may not involved in respiratory diseases.
Viral load of SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron is not high despite its high infectivity
Authors: Yuasa Sonoka , Nakajima Jun , Takatsuki Yuna , Takahashi Yuta , Tani‐Sassa Chihiro , Iwasaki Yumi , Nagano Katsutoshi , Sonobe Kazunari , Yoshimoto Tomoyo , Nukui Yoko , Takeuchi Hiroaki , Tanimoto Kousuke , Tanaka Yukie , Kimura Akinori , Ichimura Naoya , Tohda Shuji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPatients infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has increased worldwide since the beginning of 2022 and the variant has spread more rapidly than the Delta variant, which spread in the summer of 2021. It is important to clarify the cause of the strong transmissibility of the Omicron variant to control its spread. In 694 patients with coronavirus disease 2019, the copy numbers of virus in nasopharyngeal swab‐soaked samples and the viral genotypes were examined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR‐based melting curve analysis, respectively. Whole‐genome sequencing was also performed to verify the viral genotyping data. There was no significant difference (p = 0.052) in the copy numbers between the Delta variant cases (median 1.5 × 105 copies/μl, n = 174) and Omicron variant cases (median 1.2 × 105 copies/μl, n = 328). During this study, Omicron BA.1 cases (median 1.1 ×105 copies/μl, n = 275) began to be replaced by BA.2 cases (median 2.3 × 105 copies/μl, n = 53), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.33). Our results suggest that increased infectivity of the Omicron variant and its derivative BA.2 is not caused by higher viral loads but by other factors, such as increased affinity to cell receptors or immune escape.
Behaving green.. who takes the lead? The role of responsible leadership, psychological ownership, and green moral identity in motivating employees green behaviors
Authors: Ismail Sherif Said Metwally , Hilal Omnia Abdelazeem 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThere has been a growing interest in the organizational and individual factors that affect employees green behaviors. However, it is necessary to examine their interactive effect in order to help clarify the mechanism by which such behaviors are developed and how they could be better reinforced. To address this issue, we have developed and tested a dynamic model of the interactions among responsible leadership, psychological ownership, and green moral identity in predicting employees green behavior. Empirical data were collected from 292 employees working in one of the holding companies, Egypt. The results support the hypothesized model, in which responsible leadership is a significant predictor of employees green behaviors. Moreover, it was found that psychological ownership significantly mediates the relationship between responsible leadership and such behaviors, while green moral identity significantly moderated that relationship. The theoretical and managerial implications of results are discussed. Primarly, organizations should reinforce leaders’ sense of commitment toward protecting the environment. In turn, leaders should instil the concept of environmentalism as a continuous way of life in workplace culture.
An effective and flexible method for improving the full grayscale uniformity of mini‐LED display
Authors: Xia Daxue , Yang Jianfeng , Wang Jie , Li Dishan , Xie Renli , Tian Qichong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAs a new display technology, mini‐LED has more and more broad prospects. However, there are some difficult problems associated with mass transfer, yield, uniformity of brightness, and chroma. In order to improve the uniformity, especially in case of the low grayscale, we propose a fine full grayscale correction method, which includes precise pixel‐by‐pixel brightness and chroma extraction algorithm and level‐by‐level full grayscale correction algorithm. To ensure the uniformity inside the cabinet and between the cabinets, a full‐color viewing angle compensation and an adaptive cabinet seam correction algorithm are also proposed to achieve the arbitrary splicing of the cabinets.
Application of sub‐/supercritical fluid chromatography for the fingerprinting of a complex therapeutic peptide
Authors: Neumann Jonas , Schmidtsdorff Sebastian , Schmidt Alexander H. , Parr Maria K. 
Published: July 2022

The application area of supercritical fluid chromatography expanded tremendously over the last years and more polar analytes such as biomolecules have become accessible. The growing interest in biopharmaceuticals and associated regulatory requirements demand alternative analytical tools. The orthogonal nature of supercritical fluid chromatography compared to reversed‐phase liquid chromatography meets these needs and makes it a useful option during research and development.In this study, we present a systematic approach for the development of a supercritical fluid chromatography method for fingerprinting of tyrothricin, a complex therapeutic peptide covering a mass range from 1200 to 1900 Da. The substance was chosen due to the presence of cyclic and linear peptides and isomeric or highly similar amino acid sequences. Different column chemistries covering neutral, basic, and zwitterionic functionalities in combination with acidic, basic, and neutral additives were screened. Subsequently, Design‐of‐Experiments principles were utilized to perform optimization of the chromatographic parameters. The final mass spectrometry‐compatible gradient method using a diol stationary phase, carbon dioxide, and a modifier consisting of methanol/water/methanesulfonic acid (100:2:0.1, v:v:v) was found to provide orthogonality and superior resolution to other methods published. Isomeric peptide compounds coeluting in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography were resolved by applying the final method.
Pelagic and ice‐associated microalgae under elevated light and pCO2: Contrasting physiological strategies in two Arctic diatoms
Authors: Wolf Klara K. E. , Rokitta Sebastian D. , Hoppe Clara J. M. , Rost Björn 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSea ice retreat, changing stratification, and ocean acidification are fundamentally changing the light availability and physico‐chemical conditions for primary producers in the Arctic Ocean. However, detailed studies on ecophysiological strategies and performance of key species in the pelagic and ice‐associated habitat remain scarce. Therefore, we investigated the acclimated responses of the diatoms Thalassiosira hyalina and Melosira arctica toward elevated irradiance and CO2 partial pressures (pCO2). Next to growth, elemental composition, and biomass production, we assessed detailed photophysiological responses through fluorometry and gas‐flux measurements, including respiration and carbon acquisition. In the pelagic T. hyalina, growth rates remained high in all treatments and biomass production increased strongly with light. Even under low irradiances cells maintained a high‐light acclimated state, allowing them to opportunistically utilize high irradiances by means of a highly plastic photosynthetic machinery and carbon uptake. The ice‐associated M. arctica proved to be less plastic and more specialized on low‐light. Its acclimation to high irradiances was characterized by minimizing photon harvest and photosynthetic efficiency, which led to lowered growth. Comparably low growth rates and strong silification advocate a strategy of persistence rather than of fast proliferation, which is also in line with the observed formation of resting stages under low‐light conditions. In both species, responses to elevated pCO2 were comparably minor. Although both diatom species persisted under the applied conditions, their competitive abilities and strategies differ strongly. With the anticipated extension of Arctic pelagic habitats, flexible high‐light specialists like T. hyalina seem to face a brighter future.
On the quotient of Milnor and Tjurina numbers for two‐dimensional isolated hypersurface singularities
Authors: Almirón Patricio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper we give a complete answer to a question posed by Dimca and Greuel about the quotient of the Milnor and Tjurina numbers of a plane curve singularity. We put this question into a general framework of the study of the difference of Milnor and Tjurina numbers for isolated complete intersection singularities showing its connection with other problems in singularity theory.
Measured, calculated, and egs_brachy I‐125 dose distributions in a gold plaque for retinoblastoma treatment
Authors: Trauernicht Christoph J. , van Eeden Déte , du Plessis Frederik C. P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study measured and calculated dose distributions around a unique gold plaque for whole‐eye radiotherapy (to treat retinoblastoma). The applicator consists of a pericorneal ring attached to the four extraocular muscles and four legs, each loaded with I‐125 seeds. They are inserted beneath the conjunctiva in‐between each pair of muscles and attached anteriorly to the ring. The applicator was designed in such a way that the dose is directed toward the middle of the eye while sparing surrounding tissues.Purpose(I) To compare the measured and calculated data obtained by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) in a solid–water phantom, a Gafchromic film in a solid–water phantom, the treatment planning systems, and Monte Carlo simulations; (II) to use Monte Carlo simulations for the determination of the dose to the organs at risk by taking the gold shielding and the anisotropy into account.MethodsThe dose around the applicator was measured using TLDs and Gafchromic EBT2 film in eye‐shaped solid–water phantoms. Dose calculations were performed with the TheraPlan Plus and BrachyVision planning system and Monte Carlo simulations with egs_brachy code. A computer‐aided design drawing of the applicator was created and used to create the input file for the Monte Carlo simulations.ResultsMonte Carlo calculated dose to the optic nerve is 64.8% of the central dose in the eye, whereas the planned dose is 93.7%. The Monte Carlo lens dose varies from 72.0% to 86.1%, whereas the planned dose varies from 73.0% to 84.3%. Monte Carlo–calculated dose to the bony orbit is 11.3%, whereas the planned dose is as high as 54.7% compared to the dose in the center region of the eye.ConclusionsThe measured and Monte Carlo–simulated dose distributions matched well, whereas planned dose distributions showed discrepancies in some areas of the eye and outside of the eye due to their ignorance of the shielding effects of the plaque.
A deep learning–based automatic system for intracranial aneurysms diagnosis on three‐dimensional digital subtraction angiographic images
Authors: Ou Chubin , Qian Yi , Chong Winston , Hou Xiaoxi , Zhang Mingzi , Zhang Xin , Si Weixin , Duan Chuan‐Zhi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntracranial aneurysms (IAs) are a life‐threatening disease. Their rupture can lead to hemorrhagic stroke. Most studies applying deep learning for the detection of aneurysms are based on angiographic images. However, critical diagnostic information such as morphology and aneurysm location are not captured by deep learning algorithms and still require manual assessments.PurposeDigital subtraction angiography (DSA) is the gold standard for aneurysm diagnosis. To facilitate the fully automatic diagnosis of aneurysms, we proposed a comprehensive system for the detection, morphology measurement, and location classification of aneurysms on three‐dimensional DSA images, allowing automatic diagnosis without further human input.MethodsThe system comprised three neural networks: a network for aneurysm detection, a network for morphology measurement, and a network for aneurysm location identification. A cross‐scale dual‐path transformer module was proposed to effectively fuse local and global information to capture aneurysms of varying sizes. A multitask learning approach was also proposed to allow an accurate localization of aneurysm neck for morphology measurement.ResultsThe cross‐scale dual‐path transformer module was shown to outperform other state‐of‐the‐art network architectures, improving segmentation, and classification accuracy. The detection network in our system achieved an F2 score of 0.946 (recall 93%, precision 100%), better than the winning team in the Cerebral Aneurysm Detection and Analysis challenge. The measurement network achieved a relative error of less than 10% for morphology measurement, at the same level as human operators. Perfect accuracy (100%) was achieved on aneurysm location classification.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that a comprehensive system can automatically detect, measure morphology and report the aneurysm location of aneurysms without human intervention. This can be a potential tool for the diagnosis of IAs, improving radiologists’ performance and reducing their workload.
Quantitative analysis of UV protective additives in polyethylene films by solvent extraction coupled with UV spectrophotometry
Authors: Weizman Orli , Uziel A. , Mead Joey , Dodiuk Hanna , Ophir Amos , Kenig Shmeul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCommercial UV protective additives based on UV stabilizers (UVSs) and UV absorbers (UVAs) are used to enhance the durability of polymeric materials exposed to outdoor weathering, ultraviolet (UV) light, and heat, as in the case of agriculture films for greenhouses and water reservoirs. It is important to quantitatively study, analyze, and control the loss of these protective additives by migration and depletion from polymeric films under accelerated photodegradation and humid environments. In this study, an UVA (Tinuvin 326) and two UVSs (Chimassorb 944 FDL, and Chimassorb 911) were loaded separately in linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) film and exposed to an accelerated weathering environment with ultraviolet radiation (QUV chamber). The concentration of the additives in the film before and after accelerated weathering was determined using accelerated solvent extraction and quantitatively analyzed using UV spectrophotometry. Direct quantification by FTIR spectroscopy was used on the solid films to trace the changes in the amount of the UVA and UVSs in the films following accelerated weathering exposure. Good correlation was obtained between the two methods. Using these techniques and determining each additive's loss profile, the lifetimes of polymeric films used for agriculture applications can be predicted.
Investigation on basic properties and durability of metakaolin based geopolymer modified with silane
Authors: Feng Bowen , Liu Jiesheng , Chen Yaohua , Zhang Man , Tan Xiaoming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDurability is of great importance property in the sustainable development of green building materials. In this paper, metakaolin based geopolymer was used as control group and modified geopolymer specimens were prepared by adding different dosages (1–4 wt%) of APTES (3‐Aminopropyltriethoxysilane) to study the effect of silane on basic properties and durability of metakaolin based geopolymer. Meanwhile, microscopic tests were used to reveal the mechanism of geopolymer modified with silane on durability performance. Basic properties and durability experiments included fluidity, consistency, mechanical strength, sulfate wet‐dry cycles, and freeze–thaw cycles. Microscopic experiments included SEM, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption for characterization. The results showed that 1–2 wt% APTES modified geopolymer specimens improved the fluidity and consistency. However, excessive dosages inhibited fluidity and consistency of specimens. On the other hand, with the increase of APTES contents, mechanical strength under 7th days and 28th days showed a trend of first rise and then fall. Sulfate dry‐wet cycles experiments under 28th days and 56th days indicated that with the increase of APTES dosages, the weight loss of modified geopolymer decreased firstly and then increased compared to the control group, while coefficient of sulfate resistance showed the opposite trend. The 25 times and 50 times freeze–thaw cycles experiments were consistent with the changes of sulfate dry‐wet cycles results. Microscopic experiments were used to characterize the control and modified groups and to reveal the mechanism on basic properties and durability of geopolymer modified with silane.
Associations of surrogates' death‐preparedness states with decisional conflict and heightened decisional regret over cancer patients' last 6 months of life
Authors: Wen Fur‐Hsing , Chou Wen‐Chi , Hou Ming‐Mo , Su Po‐Jung , Shen Wen‐Chi , Chen Jen‐Shi , Chang Wen‐Cheng , Hsu Mei Huang , Tang Siew Tzuh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivePreparing family surrogates for patient death and end‐of‐life (EOL) decision making may reduce surrogate decisional conflict and regret. Preparedness for patient death involves cognitive and emotional preparedness. We assessed the associations of surrogates' death‐preparedness states (that integrate both cognitive and emotional preparedness for patient death) with surrogates' decisional conflict and regret.MethodsAssociations of 173 surrogates' death‐preparedness states (no, cognitive‐only, emotional‐only, and sufficient preparedness states) with decisional conflict (measured by the Decision Conflict Scale) and heightened decisional regret (Decision Regret Scale scores >25) were evaluated using hierarchical linear modeling and hierarchical generalized linear modeling, respectively, during a longitudinal observational study at a medical center over cancer patients' last 6 months.ResultsSurrogates reported high decisional conflict (mean [standard deviation] = 41.48 [6.05]), and 52.7% of assessments exceeded the threshold for heightened decisional regret. Surrogates in the cognitive‐only preparedness state reported a significantly higher level of decisional conflict (β = 3.010 [95% CI = 1.124, 4.896]) than those in the sufficient preparedness state. Surrogates in the no (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] [95% CI] = 0.293 [0.113, 0.733]) and emotional‐only (AOR [95% CI] = 0.359 [0.149, 0.866]) preparedness states were less likely to suffer heightened decisional regret than those in the sufficient preparedness state.ConclusionsSurrogates' decisional conflict and heightened decisional regret are associated with their death‐preparedness states. Improving emotional preparedness for the patient's death among surrogates in the cognitive‐only preparedness state and meeting the specific needs of those in the no, emotional‐only, and sufficient preparedness states are actionable high‐quality EOL‐care interventions that may lessen decisional conflict and decisional regret.
Comparison between impulse oscillometry parameters and spirometry for the diagnosis of exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic children and adolescents
Authors: Correia Junior Marco Aurélio de Valois , Filho Edil de Albuquerque Rodrigues , Tenório Ricardo César Espinhara , Albuquerque Claudio Gonçalves de , Barbosa Laienne Carla , Quirino Polyanna Guerra Chaves , Sarinho Emanuel , Medeiros Décio , Rizzo José Ângelo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionImpulse oscillometry (IOS) parameters are obtained more easily and effortlessly in comparison to forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1).ObjectiveTo compare IOS parameters to FEV1 in exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) diagnosis.MethodsSeventy‐four (60.8% male; 39.2 female) young asthmatics aged between 7 and 17 years (mean 12.6 ± 2.8 years) were evaluated. EIB was defined as a reduction in FEV1 ≥ 10% compared with basal after standardized challenge by treadmill running (TR). IOS parameters and FEV1 were obtained at baseline and 5,15, and 30 min after TR. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated from the reduction in FEV1 ≥ 10% to evaluate the best psychometric characteristics of IOS parameters.ResultsTwenty‐four individuals (32.4%) were diagnosed with EIB. A moderate inverse correlation was found between the IOS and FEV1 variables immediately after the TR, with resistance at 5 Hz (R5Hz), resonant frequency (Fres), and reactance area (AX), (r = −0.64, r = −0.53 and r = −0.69, respectively, all with p < 0.05). An increase of 25 kPa/l/s in R5 Hz, of 19k Pa/l/s in AX and 21 Hz in Fres were found to best correlate with EIB diagnosis by FEV1 (sensitivity 67% and specificity 62%, sensitivity 84% and specificity 50%, and sensitivity 84% and specificity 60%, respectively).ConclusionIOS parameters have a significant inverse correlation with FEV1. This study presents cut‐off points for EIB diagnosis for R5Hz, AX, and Fres, however, the findings in IOS parameters should be used and interpreted carefully if the goal is to replace spirometry.
Effects of Glycerol Tribenzoate on the Mechanical Properties and Reaction Characteristics of Al/THV Reactive Materials Prepared by Extrusion‐Injection Molding
Authors: Xu Shupeng , Wang Yinjie , Zhao Xiuchen , Yang Zenglin , Ning Xianjin , Tan Chengwen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe metal/fluoropolymer reactive material, Al/THV composites, can be prepared effectively into different shapes by extrusion injection molding. In this study, glycerol tribenzoate (GTB) plasticizer was introduced into Al/THV (35/65 wt %) prepared by extrusion and injection molding. The addition of GTB significantly affected certain properties of the matrix (THV), which consequently affected the mechanical properties and impact energy‐release characteristics of the reactive material. Research shows that the addition of GTB can improve the plasticity of Al/THV(/GTB) composites under quasi‐static compression and strain rate sensitivity under 2000–6000 s−1 dynamic compression. Besides, the addition of GTB caused the Al/THV/GTB composites to ignite later than the Al/THV composite. The impact ignition threshold of Al/THV(/GTB) composites increased from 5100 to 5550 s−1 with an increased GTB content. The impact ignition delay and increased impact ignition threshold of Al/THV/GTB were demonstrated through the temperature rise theory at the tip of crack propagation. In addition, under dynamic compression, more “hot spots”(origins of the reaction) in the Al/THV/GTB composites than in Al/THV composite caused by a rapid crack propagation increased the reaction percentage and improved the combustion duration of impact‐triggered reactions.