bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perforated duodenal ulcer in the third trimester of pregnancy, with survival of both the mother and neonate, in Ethiopia: a case report
Authors: Jidha Tafese Dejene , Umer Keno Mohammed , Beressa Girma , Tolossa Tadesse 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Perforated peptic ulcer disease is a serious complication of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) that presents as acute abdomen. It is very uncommon during pregnancy, but its diagnosis in pregnancy is very challenging in general, and more so in the third trimester. Timely diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention can prevent maternal and fetal mortality, but delayed diagnosis is linked with poor maternal and fetal outcomes. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the need for healthcare professionals to consider the differential diagnosis of perforated PUD when presented with cases of acute abdomen in pregnancy and to involve a multidisciplinary team in management for better feto-maternal outcome.

Case presentation
A 35-year-old pregnant Ethiopian woman, Gravida 7 and Para 6, presented with a sudden onset of right upper quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting of 7 hours duration at 36 weeks of gestation. She also had contractions and leakage of liquor of two hours duration. Her abdomen was grossly distended, rigid, and diffusely tender, and showed limited movement with respiration. An upright abdominal X-ray demonstrated air under the diaphragm. She was diagnosed with perforated peptic ulcer disease. Labor was augmented, and a 2.9-kg live male neonate was delivered vaginally. Two hours after delivery, laparoscopic omental patch repair was performed. The patient was discharged 7 days after the omental patch repair surgery in stable condition.

Conclusions
Perforated PUD in pregnancy is a rare occurrence, which may account for the delay in diagnosis and management. Obstetricians should keep a high index of suspicion when a pregnant woman presents with acute abdomen. Care provided by obstetricians should be coupled with care provided by other disciplinary teams, in order to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.
A scoping review of local quality improvement using data from UK perioperative National Clinical Audits
Authors: Wagstaff Duncan , Warnakulasuriya Samantha , Singleton Georgina , Moonesinghe Suneetha Ramani , Fulop Naomi , Vindrola-Padros Cecilia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSignificant resources are invested in the UK to collect data for National Clinical Audits (NCAs), but it is unclear whether and how they facilitate local quality improvement (QI). The perioperative setting is a unique context for QI due to its multidisciplinary nature and history of measurement. It is unclear which NCAs evaluate perioperative care, to what extent their data have been used for QI, and which factors influence this usage.MethodsNCAs were identified from the directories held by Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP), Scottish Healthcare Audits and the Welsh National Clinical Audit and Outcome Review Advisory Committee. QI reports were identified by the following: systematically searching MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar and HMIC up to December 2019, hand-searching grey literature and consulting relevant stakeholders. We charted features describing both the NCAs and the QI reports and summarised quantitative data using descriptive statistics and qualitative themes using framework analysis.ResultsWe identified 36 perioperative NCAs in the UK and 209 reports of local QI which used data from 19 (73%) of these NCAs. Six (17%) NCAs contributed 185 (89%) of these reports. Only one NCA had a registry of local QI projects. The QI reports were mostly brief, unstructured, often published by NCAs themselves and likely subject to significant reporting bias. Factors reported to influence local QI included the following: perceived data validity, measurement of clinical processes as well as outcomes, timely feedback, financial incentives, sharing of best practice, local improvement capabilities and time constraints of clinicians.ConclusionsThere is limitedpublic reportingof UK perioperative NCA data for local QI, despite evidence of improvement of most NCA metrics at the national level. It is therefore unclearhowthese improvements are being made, and it is likely that opportunities are being missed to share learning between local sites. We make recommendations for how NCAs could better support the conduct, evaluation and reporting of local QI and suggest topics which future research should investigate.Trial registrationThe review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO:CRD42018092993).
Coronal and sagittal spinopelvic alignment in the patients with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip: a prospective study
Authors: Zhang Guangyang , Li Mufan , Qian Hang , Wang Xu , Dang Xiaoqian , Liu Ruiyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHow the hip dysplasia affects the spinopelvic alignment in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) patients is unclear, but it is an essential part for the management of this disease. This study aimed to investigate the coronal and sagittal spinopelvic alignment and the correlations between the spinopelvic parameters and the extent of hip dysplasia or the low back pain in unilateral DDH patients.MethodsFrom September 2016 to March 2021, 22 unilateral patients were enrolled in the DDH group with an average age of 43.6 years and 20 recruited healthy volunteers were assigned to the control group with an average age of 41.4 years. The Cobb angle, seventh cervical vertebra plumbline–central sacral vertical line (C7PL–CSVL), third lumbar vertebra inclination angle (L3IA), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), thoracic kyphosis (TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were measured on the standing anteroposterior and lateral full-length standing spine radiographs. Additionally, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) were used to assess the degree of low back pain.ResultsCobb angle (8.68 ± 6.21° vs. 2.31 ± 0.12°), L3IA (4.80 ± 5.47° vs. 0.83 ± 0.51°), C7PL–CSVL (1.65 ± 1.57 cm vs. 0.48 ± 0.33 cm), PT (15.02 ± 9.55° vs. 9.99 ± 2.97°) and TLK (7.69 ± 6.66° vs. 3.54 ± 1.63°) were significantly larger in DDH patients, whereas LL (37.41 ± 17.17° vs. 48.79 ± 7.75°) was significantly smaller (P < 0.05). No correlation was found between significantly different spinopelvic parameters and the extent of dysplasia. Statistical analysis revealed correlations between ODI and Cobb angle (r = 0.59,P < 0.01), PT (r = 0.49,P = 0.02), TK (r =  −0.46, P = 0.03) and TLK (r = 0.44,P = 0.04). Correlations between JOABPQE score and the Cobb angle (r = −0.44,P = 0.04), L3IA (r = −0.53,P = 0.01), PT (r = −0.44,P = 0.04), and TK (r = 0.46,P = 0.03) were also observed.ConclusionsCobb angle, L3IA, C7PL–CSVL in coronal plane and PT, TLK in sagittal plane increased, while LL decreased in unilateral DDH patients. These significantly different spinopelvic parameters have no correlation with the extent of dysplasia. Changes in coronal and sagittal plane including Cobb angle, L3IA, PT, TK and TLK were associated with the low back pain in the patients with unilateral DDH.
The genomic analysis brings a new piece to the molecular jigsaw of idiopathic erythrocytosis
Authors: Zagaria Antonella , Tarantini Francesco , Orsini Paola , Anelli Luisa , Cumbo Cosimo , Coccaro Nicoletta , Tota Giuseppina , Minervini Crescenzio Francesco , Parciante Elisa , Conserva Maria Rosa , Redavid Immacolata , Ricco Alessandra , Attolico Immacolata , Specchia Giorgina , Musto Pellegrino , Albano Francesco 
Published: August 2022

AbstractErythrocytosis is a clinical condition characterized by increased red cell mass, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values. A significant fraction of patients is described as having idiopathic erythrocytosis. We have previously demonstrated an association between erythrocytosis and the JAK2 GGCC_46/1 haplotype and CALR rs1049481_G allele. In the present study, we investigated genomic and clinical features of 80 erythrocytosis patients with the aim to provide useful information in clinical practice. Patients with idiopathic erythrocytosis could have a genomic germline background, eventually associated with somatic variants. Through association analysis, we show that male patients presenting with idiopathic erythrocytosis, and normal EPO levels could be the best candidates for the search for the JAK2 GGCC_46/1 haplotype and CALR rs1049481_G allele. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to depict detailed genomic and phenotypical characteristics of these patients.
Extensive diversity and rapid turnover of phage defense repertoires in cheese-associated bacterial communities
Authors: Somerville Vincent , Schowing Thibault , Chabas Hélène , Schmidt Remo S. , von Ah Ueli , Bruggmann Rémy , Engel Philipp 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Phages are key drivers of genomic diversity in bacterial populations as they impose strong selective pressure on the evolution of bacterial defense mechanisms across closely related strains. The pan-immunity model suggests that such diversity is maintained because the effective immune system of a bacterial species is the one distributed across all strains present in the community. However, only few studies have analyzed the distribution of bacterial defense systems at the community-level, mostly focusing on CRISPR and comparing samples from complex environments. Here, we studied 2778 bacterial genomes and 188 metagenomes from cheese-associated communities, which are dominated by a few bacterial taxa and occur in relatively stable environments.

Results
We corroborate previous laboratory findings that in cheese-associated communities nearly identical strains contain diverse and highly variable arsenals of innate and adaptive (i.e., CRISPR-Cas) immunity systems suggesting rapid turnover. CRISPR spacer abundance correlated with the abundance of matching target sequences across the metagenomes providing evidence that the identified defense repertoires are functional and under selection. While these characteristics align with the pan-immunity model, the detected CRISPR spacers only covered a subset of the phages previously identified in cheese, providing evidence that CRISPR does not enable complete immunity against all phages, and that the innate immune mechanisms may have complementary roles.

Conclusions
Our findings show that the evolution of bacterial defense mechanisms is a highly dynamic process and highlight that experimentally tractable, low complexity communities such as those found in cheese, can help to understand ecological and molecular processes underlying phage-defense system relationships. These findings can have implications for the design of robust synthetic communities used in biotechnology and the food industry.
Raltitrexed regulates proliferation and apoptosis of HGC-27 cells by upregulating RSK4
Authors: Hu Cong , Chen Xinhua , Lin Xu , Dai Jun , Yu Jiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Raltitrexed is a specific inhibitor of thymidylate synthase and a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of raltitrexed on the proliferation of HGC-27 human gastric cancer cells and its potential underlying molecular mechanism(s).

Methods
RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to quantify RSK4 levels. Colony formation and flow cytometry assays were used to assess HGC-27 cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, mitochondrial membrane potential, and apoptosis. The expression of cell cycle and apoptosis markers were determined by western blotting.

Results
Our results demonstrate that raltitrexed upregulated RSK4 mRNA and protein levels in HGC-27 cells. Moreover, raltitrexed significantly inhibited tumor cell colony formation, arrested the cell cycle, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced apoptosis. We observed that raltitrexed was capable of upregulating the expression of Bax, cyclin A1, and CDK3, and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. Importantly, siRNA-mediated RSK4 knockdown significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of raltitrexed on cell proliferation and its promotion of cell apoptosis. Moreover, silencing of RSK4 inhibited the raltitrexed-induced upregulation of cytochrome C. In addition, the changes in molecular markers related to the cell cycle and apoptosis induced by raltitrexed were reduced upon RSK4 depletion.

Conclusion
Our study shows that RSK4 is a key target of raltitrexed in the regulation of gastric cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis.
Long noncoding RNA HOXC-AS3 interacts with CDK2 to promote proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Su Chen , Wang Weijian , Mo Jie , Liu Furong , Zhang Hongwei , Liu Yachong , Chen Xiaoping , Liao Zhibin , Zhang Bixiang , Zhu Peng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer that affects the liver and has a high mortality rate. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulation can contribute to cancer occurrence and progression, although the underlying molecular pathways are mostly unclear. HOXC-AS3 was found to be considerably overexpressed in HCC in this investigation. The goal of this work was to look into the involvement of HOXC-AS3 in HCC and the various molecular pathways that underpin it.

Methods
Normal liver and paired HCC tissues from HCC patients were used to evaluate HOXC-AS3 expression by qRT-PCR. The role of HOXC-AS3 in HCC was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. RNA pulldown, RIP and co-IP were used to demonstrate the potential mechanism by which HOXC-AS3 regulates the progression of HCC.

Results
Using qRT-PCR, it was discovered that HOXC-AS3 was substantially expressed in HCC. In vitro and in vivo, overexpression of HOXC-AS3 aided proliferation and cell cycle progression. HOXC-AS3 interacted with CDK2 to facilitate CDK2’s decreased binding to p21, resulting in enhanced CDK2 activity, which promoted the phosphorylation of Rb and the progression of HCC.

Conclusions
HOXC-AS3 is highly expressed in HCC and can promote the progression of HCC by interacting with CDK2. Therefore, targeting HOXC-AS3 is very likely to provide a new strategy for the treatment of HCC and for improving patient prognosis.
Endophytic fungi from South Sumatra (Indonesia) in seed-treated corn seedlings Affecting development of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Sari Jelly Milinia Puspita , Herlinda Siti , Suwandi Suwandi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Topical application of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) against Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae is less effective due to larvae hiding in the corn midribs in the field. To control the larvae, the fungi colonize in plant tissues or endophytic fungi are needed. There is no information on the pathogenicity of the endophytic fungi from Indonesia on the development of S. frugiperda. The endophytic fungi isolated from infected-host cadavers from South Sumatra (Indonesia) were identified morphologically and molecularly, and the effect of seed-treated corn seedlings with the fungi on S. frugiperda development was evaluated. The fungal identification was based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Bioassay of the endophytic fungal species in seed-treated young maize was performed against the neonate larvae (hatching within 24 h.) of first instar, and their development was observed.

Results
The results of molecular identification showed that the fungal species were Beauveria bassiana of five fungal isolates (WTTJC290521B, WTTJC290521A, JGTP240521A, JGNT300521, and WTTJC260521A) and Metarhizium anisopliae of an isolate (WTTJC260521B). The life span of S. frugiperda fed on leaves of fungal-colonized maize was significantly longer than those fed on leaves of non-colonized maize. The fungal-colonized young maize significantly increased mortality rate of all larval instars than non-colonized one. The last instar larvae mortality treated with B. bassiana (JGTP240521A isolates) (51.33%) was the highest among other treatments and did not significantly differ from each of B. bassiana of WTTJC260521A and WTTJC290521A isolates 45.33% and 44.67%, respectively. Feeding on leaves of fungal-colonized maize significantly decreased the percentage of the last instar larvae development to the pupal stage, the adult emergence, the eggs laid, and the percentage of hatched eggs. This is the first report that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae from South Sumatra (Indonesia) in seed-treated corn seedlings had negative effects on development of S. frugiperda.

Conclusions
Finally, these results highlight the potential of endophytic EPFs to protect corn plants against S. frugiperda.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy complications: avoidance and management in a stepwise manner
Authors: Farag Ahmed A. , Asiri Faisal A. , Khoudir Mohamed A. , Ismaeel Mofareh , Hamouda Waeel , Alaghory Islam M. , Moshref Rana H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Various complications of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) have been described. One has to recognize these complications and learn how to avoid them.

Methods
We performed a literature review regarding the reported complications of ETV procedures discussed in a correlated manner with the surgical steps. Furthermore, we reviewed the technical notes described by experienced neuroendoscopists, including surgical indications, choice of the endoscopic entry point and trajectory, anatomic orientation, proper bleeding control and tight closure, to prevent and deal with such complications.

Results and conclusion
A lesson learned that comprehensive knowledge of ventricular anatomy with proper orientation by studying the preoperative images is mandatory and one should be aware of all complication types and rates.
Telomere attrition and inflammation: the chicken and the egg story
Authors: Niveta J. P. Shirley , Kumar M. Anup , Parvathi Venkatachalam Deepa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe challenge to improve human life span has progressed with the advent of health care services and technologies. This improvement poses a new challenge of an associated wave of diseases and pathologies that have not been observed or experienced. This has led to rise in geriatric population who are currently facing health challenges that needs to be addressed by the research community. This review focuses primarily on two mechanisms that have contributed to aging and associated pathologies: telomere attrition and inflammatory insults. A strong interplay appears to exist between telomere attrition and inflammation, and this could be the basis of many pathologies associated with increasing age. This creates a scientific dilemma as to what comes first: telomere attrition or inflammation. This review will enthuse the reader to the underlying molecules and mechanisms associated with telomere attrition and inflammation and their contribution to aging.
Male breast cancer - a review on risk factors, tumor characteristics, diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Zielińska Martyna , Aleksandrowicz Jakub , Zarankiewicz Natalia , Kuchnicka Julia , Kosz Katarzyna , Kuchnicka Aleksandra , Sapuła Klaudia , Remjasz Klaudia , Siedlecki Wojciech , Fabiś Mateusz 
Published: August 2022

Introduction and purpose:
Male breast cancer (MBC) is estimated to less than 1% of all breast cancer cases worldwide. A lifetime risk of developing MBC amounts to 1:1000. The data on breast cancer in men is limited. This review aims to analyze information on risk factors, diagnostics and treatment in men suffering from breast cancer.
Material and method:
This review was based on available data collected in PubMed and published in the years 2001-2022. The research was done by looking through keywords as follows: “breast cancer”, “male breast cancer”, “risk factors” and “treatment”.
Results:
Male breast cancer usually manifests as a painless, retroareolar mass in the breast. Risk factors include advanced age, hormonal imbalance, exposure to radiation and a positive family history. A significant risk increase in MBC development occurs in BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2 and ATM genes mutations. G2 ductal carcinoma with no special type is most often diagnosed. Dominating subtype is luminal A cancer, while HER2 protein overexpression is extremely rare. Radical mastectomy or breast conserving therapy remain surgical therapeutic options. The most preferred endocrine therapy is tamoxifen. The choice of chemotherapy in men is based on the same criteria as in women.
Conclusions:
Delayed diagnosis and tumor characteristics are associated with a much worse prognosis for men compared to women. Therefore, further clinical research is crucial in order to improve the diagnostic possibilities and treatment targeted at men with this type of cancer.
The Development of Digital Books Aided Augmented Reality (AR) to Improve Self Efficacy in Favor of Distance Learning
Authors: Crew Medan , Siregar Tiur Malasari , Ritonga Arnah , Darma Jufri , Dongoran Faisal Rahman 
Published: August 2022

This study aims to create a Digital Book mathematical economics to improve the self-efficacy of students, where Media Powtoon, Augmented Reality (AR) and application Kahoot already present in the design of digital books. To see the feasibility of the book, the attractiveness of the book and the effectiveness of using AR-assisted Economic Mathematics Books to increase student self-efficacy. The research method used in this research is the development of the ADDIE model which has five stages of research implementation, namely Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. Through these five stages, researchers will develop an AR-assisted Mathematics Economics book. In this book, several applications will collaborate in providing the presentation of the material in the form of learning videos using the application Powtoon, displaying animations with Augmented Reality (AR) and evaluating learning outcomes using the application Kahoot, so that this book can help the distance lecture process become more interesting. and effective both in presenting the material, the media used to evaluate learning in lectures. The results of this study show that the Digital Book was developed to conclude that it is feasible, interesting and effective to be used as a distance learning medium and helps students in increasing self-efficacy in learning.