bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerosol Contamination in the Dental Operatory During Oral Prophylaxis: An Occupational Hazard
Authors: Inbasekaran Dipika , Ramamurthy Jaiganesh , Girija A. S. Smiline , Nambi Gopal 
Published: February 2022

Aim: To investigate the level of aerosol contamination following oral prophylaxis using ultrasonic scalers at different positions in the dental operatory at different time.
Methodology: In a pre-fumigatedroom of 10m*15m scaling was performed using ultrasonic scalers along with high volume suction while maintaining all aseptic precautions. Blood agar plates were positioned at the level of patient’s chest (P1), doctor’schest (P2), assistant’s chest (P3), on the floor directly below the patients headrest (P4) and 4 feet away from the dental chair at a height 3 feet above the ground (P5) to assess aerosol contamination occurring during scaling procedure. Similarly, blood agar plates were position at P3,P4,P5 for a time interval of 15 minutes after 1 and 3 hours of the procedure respectively to assess the levels of aerosol post procedure.
All the blood agar plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, following which bacterial colony forming unit (CFU) was calculatedfor each plate and gram staining was performed to identify the organism present.
Results: At the time of procedure the patient was most exposed to the aerosol. At the end of 3 hours the percentage of aerosol reduction was 81 %. Gram staining showed that the streptococci were predominant organisms with a few short rods as observed on the plates obtained during the procedure, while gram positive bacilli were seen abundantly in samples obtained at the end of 3 hours.
Conclusion: The study examined the spreading characteristics of aerosol during and after scaling procedure. Even after 3 hours of completion of the procedure some amount of aerosol present in the room. Hence, the dentist must ensure proper precautionary measures to prevent air-borne nosocomial infections.
Role of Curcumin in Beta Thalassemia: A Review
Authors: Keerthana M. B. Sai , Sinduja Palati , Priyadharshini R. 
Published: February 2022

Beta-thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized by defective beta chains of hemoglobin which often lead to the development of anemia. These patients require periodic blood transfusions to compensate for anemia. However, these transfusions often lead to complications such as iron overload. This abnormal hemoglobin can lead to anemia and cause other medical problems. Curcumin which is a polyphenol has anti-inflammatory properties and also can increase the number of antioxidants in the body. The main aim of the study is to determine the efficiency of curcumin in the treatment of β-Thalassemia.
The administration of curcumin in the treatment of β-Thalassemia has aided to be beneficial. Curcumin also exhibited hepatoprotective properties as serum bilirubin decreased in the β-Thalassemia patients. Supplementation of curcumin is seen to improve insulin resistance, lipid profile, and systemic inflammation by reducing HOMA-IR, TG, TG/HDL ratio, and hs-CRP levels. Curcumin when used in the treatment for β-Thalassemia showed low or no side effects. It has powerful anti-inflammatory effects and acts as a potent antioxidant where it can neutralize the free radicals due to its chemical structure.
A Descriptive Study to Measure the Reliability of Braden Scale Score Calculated by Clinical Nurses and Evaluate Its Predictive Value for Pressure Ulcer Risk among ICU Patients
Authors: Gawade Shruti Madhukar , Lakhani Rita , Patil Yamini 
Published: February 2022

The research study was done to measure the Reliability of Braden Scale Score Calculated by Clinical Nurses and evaluate its Predictive Value for PU Risk among ICU Patients. A descriptive research study design was adopted. The study was conducted at the ICUs of DY Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used. In this study samples were ICU patients (N=75) and clinical staff (N=36). The data was collected using observation and interview techniques. The data was tabulated and analyzed in terms of the study objectives. The data collection was done from ICU Patients and clinical staff. The study result shows the overall Interrater reliability conveyed by intra class correlation coefficient was 0.865 with 95% confidence interval (0.787, 0.915).
Interrater reliability expressed by intra class correlation coefficient for individual item ranged from 0.013 that is 13.00% with 95% confidence interval (-0.090, 0.140) to 0.643 with 95% confidence interval (0.176, 0.821) with the lowest value being measure from ‘sensory perception’ and ‘moisture.’
Although the calculated Interrater reliability coefficients for total Braden score were moderate or high in some cases several clinical differences occurred between the two groups. Due to Interrater, reliability being very low in some cases like “sensory perception” and “moisture” it is doubtful that their assessments contribute to any valid results. The calculation of intra class correlation coefficients is the most appropriate Interrater reliability estimates.
Anti-diabetic and Antioxidant Activity of Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia Herbal Formulation
Authors: Nivedha V. M. , Priyadarshini R. , Rajeshkumar S. , Sinduja Palati 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Pterocarpus santalinus have their application in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. Stevia​ (​Stevia rebaudiana​) is a natural, non-caloric sugar substitute that is a rich source of a pharmacologically significant glycoside. Proper diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions contribute to overcoming diabetes.
Aim: The present study aims to assess the anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation.
Materials and Methods: Preparation of plant extract followed by antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
Results: Results were tabulated and graphically analyzed using SPSS software. As the concentration increased the percentage of inhibition also increased in both antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that Pterocarpus santalinus and Stevia herbal formulation has antidiabetic and antioxidant activity.
White matter microstructures in Parkinson's disease with and without impulse control behaviors
Authors: Takeshige‐Amano Haruka , Hatano Taku , Kamagata Koji , Andica Christina , Uchida Wataru , Abe Masahiro , Ogawa Takashi , Shimo Yasushi , Oyama Genko , Umemura Atsushi , Ito Masanobu , Hori Masaaki , Aoki Shigeki , Hattori Nobutaka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundImpulse control behaviors (ICBs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are thought to be caused by an overdose of dopaminergic therapy in the relatively spared ventral striatum, or by hypersensitivity of this region to dopamine. Alterations in brain networks are now also thought to contribute to the development of ICBs.ObjectiveTo comprehensively assess white matter microstructures in PD patients with ICBs using advanced diffusion MRI and magnetization transfer saturation (MT‐sat) imaging.MethodsThis study included 19 PD patients with ICBs (PD‐ICBs), 18 PD patients without ICBs (PD‐nICBs), and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Indices of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, and MT‐sat imaging were evaluated using tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS), regions of interest (ROIs), and tract‐specific analysis (TSA).ResultsCompared with HCs, PD‐nICBs had significant alterations in many major white matter tracts in most parameters. In contrast, PD‐ICBs had only partial changes in several parameters. Compared with PD‐ICBs, TBSS, ROI, and TSA analyses revealed that PD‐nICBs had lower axial kurtosis, myelin volume fraction, and orientation dispersion index in the uncinate fasciculus and external capsule, as well as in the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule. These are components of the reward system and the visual and emotional perception areas, respectively.InterpretationMyelin and axonal changes in fibers related to the reward system and visual emotional recognition might be more prominent in PD‐nICBs than in PD‐ICBs.
Low‐Cost Copper Electrode for High‐Performance Panchromatic Multiplication‐Type Organic Photodetectors with Optical Microcavity Effect
Authors: Yang Liqing , Guo Dechao , Li Ji , He Guo , Yang Dezhi , Vadim Agafonov , Ma Dongge 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLow‐cost and flexible panchromatic organic photodetectors (OPDs) are one of the most promising alternatives in next‐generation wearable electronics, but they still face the formidable challenges of replacing brittle indium tin oxide electrode and suffer from low near‐infrared (NIR) photo‐response. Herein, the low‐cost metal copper (Cu) is used as a semi‐transparent anode to fabricate high‐performance panchromatic multiplication‐type OPDs. Because of the advantages of smooth surface, lower sheet resistance, and good transmittance, high‐quality optical resonant cavity forming between Cu anode and aluminum cathode greatly enhanced the weak sub‐bandgap response of intermolecular charge transfer states in NIR region, while also retaining a good response in the UV–vis region. Due to the good hole‐collecting ability, the Cu electrode is suitable for realizing the photo‐multiplication effect. Accordingly, the resulting OPDs achieve a panchromatic response ranging from the UV (300 nm) to NIR (900 nm) region. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) reaches 117 040% at 350 nm, and the relatively high EQE of 25 468% is realized even at 765 nm. Furthermore, a flexible OPD is successfully fabricated by using polyethylene terephthalate substrate with Cu anode to achieve the real‐time detection of human blood oxygen pulse signals.
A Si‐CdTe Composite Quantum Dots Probe with Dual‐Wavelength Emission for Sensitively Monitoring Intracellular H2O2
Authors: Zhou Jialing , Zhao Ruoxi , Du Yaqian , Liu Shikai , Li Wenting , Gai Shili , He Fei , Feng Lili , Yang Piaoping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHydrogen peroxide is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) that acts as a significant marker of oxidative stress in certain diseases. Owing to the autofluorescence of biological samples, H2O2 monitoring remains challenging. Here, Si‐CdTe quantum dots (QDs) are prepared as novel ratiometric fluorescent probes prepared for sensitive detection of H2O2 and glucose, the low detection limit of H2O2 and glucose is 79 and 140 nm, respectively. In this article, CdTe QDs are combined with Si QDs to reduce the cytotoxicity of CdTe. The survival rate of HeLa cells remains at 80% after incubation with the Si‐CdTe QDs at a concentration of 500 µg mL−1 for 24 h. Fluorescence extinguishes based on 488 and 514 nm channels are used as internal references to avoid environmental interference and demonstrate selective H2O2 biosensing. In addition, the probe has an excellent colocalization effect in the lysosome under the 514 nm channel, with a maximum Pearson coefficient of 0.96. The advantages of easy preparation, low toxicity, high resistance to photobleaching, and high specificity of the Si‐CdTe QDs probes provide a new and convenient means to monitor and detect changes in the endogenous intracellular H2O2 concentration and to select 514 nm lysosomal colocalization dyes.
An Electromagnetically Controllable Microrobotic Interventional System for Targeted, Real‐Time Cardiovascular Intervention
Authors: Hwang Junsun , Jeon Sungwoong , Kim Beomjoo , Kim Jin‐young , Jin Chaewon , Yeon Ara , Yi Byung‐Ju , Yoon Chang‐Hwan , Park Hun‐Jun , Pané Salvador , Nelson Bradley J. , Choi Hongsoo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRobotic magnetic manipulation systems offer a wide range of potential benefits in medical fields, such as precise and selective manipulation of magnetically responsive instruments in difficult‐to‐reach vessels and tissues. However, more preclinical/clinical studies are necessary before robotic magnetic interventional systems can be widely adopted. In this study, a clinically translatable, electromagnetically controllable microrobotic interventional system (ECMIS) that assists a physician in remotely manipulating and controlling microdiameter guidewires in real time, is reported. The ECMIS comprises a microrobotic guidewire capable of active magnetic steering under low‐strength magnetic fields, a human‐scale electromagnetic actuation (EMA) system, a biplane X‐ray imaging system, and a remote guidewire/catheter advancer unit. The proposed ECMIS demonstrates targeted real‐time cardiovascular interventions in vascular phantoms through precise and rapid control of the microrobotic guidewire under EMA. Further, the potential clinical effectiveness of the ECMIS for real‐time cardiovascular interventions is investigated through preclinical studies in coronary, iliac, and renal arteries of swine models in vivo, where the magnetic steering of the microrobotic guidewire and control of other ECMIS modules are teleoperated by operators in a separate control booth with X‐ray shielding. The proposed ECMIS can help medical physicians optimally manipulate interventional devices such as guidewires under minimal radiation exposure.
Self‐Adaptive Surface with Tunable Superamphiphobicity Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Induced Backward Transfer
Authors: Lou Kongyu , Qian Jing , Yu Xiaohan , Xia Zhaoyuan , Shen Danyang , Wang Guande , Zhao Quan‐Zhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, a rapid advance in fabricating smart surfaces with tunable wettability have been witnessed. However, switchable superamphiphobic surface remains a great challenge today. Here, glass surfaces with tunable wetting performance between amphipathicity and amphiphobicity, “lotus effect” and “petal effect,” isotropic and anisotropic amphiphobicity are obtained by femtosecond‐laser‐induced backward transfer (LIBT) method. By printing simple patterns, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is spatial‐selectively transferred with composite micro/nano‐structures formed on the glass surfaces, ensuring a strong repellence for water and oil. Besides, the surface topography and chemistry can be finely regulated in a single‐step process without damage to the glass, which provides the feasibility of controlling the surface wettability. Herein, applications such as high precision mixing reactor, droplet volume screening micro‐device, auto‐filtering droplet channel are designed and demonstrated. Compared to other methods, the LIBT method featuring rapid, large‐area, maskless prototyping is proved to be a promising method for programmable manipulations of functional surfaces with diverse wettability.
An Ultraflexible and Transparent Graphene‐Based Wearable Sensor for Biofluid Biomarkers Detection
Authors: Huang Cong , Hao Zhuang , Wang Ziran , Wang Hao , Zhao Xuezeng , Pan Yunlu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn ultraflexible and transparent graphene‐based field‐effect transistors (GFET) wearable nanosensor is presented for detection of body fluid‐biomarkers. The nanosensor is functionalized with a receptor that can specifically bind with the biomarker, resulting in a detectable change in the carrier concentration of the graphene. After recovery from 100 cycles of deformations (bending at radii 175 µm, folding at 150°, and shrinking at 50%), no visible mechanical damage is observed, and electrical properties of the nanosensor are also highly consistent. L‐cysteine, associated with various diseases, is chosen as the biomarker to demonstrate the detection capability of the sensor. The nanosensor is capable of consistently and reliably detecting L‐cysteine with a limit of detection of 0.022 × 10−6 m in undiluted human sweat and 0.043 × 10−6 m in artificial tears. The sensor is fabricated from the 1 µm transparent polyethylene glycol terephthalate substrate and WO3/Au/WO3 electrode (transparency of 81%), and it can be mounted on the eyeball in tear detection without visual influence. These results demonstrate that the ultraflexible and transparent GFET wearable nanosensor can potentially be helpful in medical detection applications.
Using a modified version of photovoice in a European cross‐national study on homelessness
Authors: Gaboardi Marta , Santinello Massimo , Lenzi Michela , Disperati Francesca , Ornelas José , Shinn Marybeth 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study proposes an innovative use of a modified version of photovoice for cross‐national qualitative research that allows participants to express their ideas, experiences, and emotions about a topic through photographic language. We examine factors affecting social service providers' work on people experiencing homelessness in Europe. We highlight five advantages of using photovoice in cross‐national research: visual language, methodological flexibility, participatory data analysis, the bottom‐up process, and the promotion of social change. Moreover, we identify key stages of the process: writing a detailed protocol for the implementation and fidelity of the projects, using two levels of data analysis, and disseminating the results. This study provides lessons learned for others who may want to use photovoice in cross‐national research.
Controlled cationic curing of epoxy composites with photochemically modified silanol encapsulated carbon black
Authors: Atif Muhammad , Hussain Muhammad Asif , Ghani Ambreen , Rani Adila , Muzaffar Saima , Bongiovanni Roberta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEpoxy resins have been an inspiration in adhesives and coatings, however, uneven photopolymerization kinetics result in wrinkled surface and filler segregation, causing aesthetic and mechanical damage. Hence a control over curing kinetics is required not only to dodge filler segregation but also to control composite surface smoothness. In this study, photochemical modification of carbon black with mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, has resulted in unique silanol dendrites exterior on carbon black. Kinetic investigation confirmed that Ea for cationic polymerization of modified CB composite is three folds less in comparison to neat matrix, and two folds less in comparison to unmodified CB composite. Silanol dendrites have contributed on epoxy curing kinetics, through activated monomer mechanism. Samples have been characterized through XPS, FTIR, SEM, TGA, DSC, Raman, and EDX.
Clinical significance of CD8‐positive lymphocytes on tumor cell clusters of ascites cell block in ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma
Authors: Iwahashi Hideki , Miyamoto Morikazu , Ito Tsubasa , Suminokura Jin , Hada Taira , Ishibashi Hiroki , Kakimoto Soichiro , Matsuura Hiroko , Suzuki Rie , Minabe Shinya , Matsukuma Susumu , Tsuda Hitoshi , Takano Masashi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical significance of CD8‐positive (CD8+) lymphocytes on tumor cell clusters of ascites cell blocks in patients with ovarian high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) was investigated.MethodsAmong HGSC patients who underwent surgery from January 2014 to December 2019, 38 patients with ascites cell block were selected. Using these cell blocks and primary ovarian tumor tissue, the presence of CD8+ lymphocytes and the expression of PD‐L1 were examined immunohistochemically. Tumor cell clusters were defined as cell clumps consisting of more than 10 malignant cells in cell block. Cases with at least one CD8+ lymphocyte in tumor cell cluster were defined as positive CD8+ lymphocytes (Group A); others were defined as negative CD8+ lymphocytes (Group B). The tumor tissue CD8+ lymphocytes were counted mechanically. Clinicopathological features were retrospectively compared between the two groups.ResultsIn total, 38 cases were identified: 25 (65.8%) in Group A and 13 (34.2%) in Group B. More cases in Group A were positive for CD4 (p < 0.01), PD‐L1 (p = 0.02), FoxP3 (p = 0.02) and had a higher number of CD8+ lymphocytes in the tissue (p = 0.03). Patients in Group A had better progression‐free survival (p < 0.01) and overall survival (p = 0.04). In multivariate analysis, Group A was an independent prognostic factor for both progression‐free survival (hazard ratio, 0.24; p < 0.01) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.21; p = 0.03).ConclusionThe presence of CD8+ lymphocytes in tumor cell clusters of ascites was associated with the status of immune reaction in the tissue and prognosis in patients with HGSC and might be useful information of the immune‐associated therapy.
Family with congenital contractural arachnodactyly due to a novel multiexon deletion of the FBN2 gene
Authors: Yagi Hiroki , Takiguchi Hiroshi , Takeda Norifumi , Inuzuka Ryo , Taniguchi Yuki , Porto Kristine Joyce , Ishiura Hiroyuki , Mitsui Jun , Morita Hiroyuki , Komuro Issei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCongenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is caused by pathogenic FBN2 variants; however, the contributions of copy number variations (CNVs) to CCA are still unknown. Here, we report on a familial case of CCA, in which a novel multiexon deletion of exons 35–39 in FBN2 was identified after simple CNV prediction.
Successful treatment with bortezomib for refractory fever associated with myelodysplastic syndrome with underlying lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
Authors: Motomura Yotaro , Umezawa Yoshihiro , Arimatsu Tomoyuki , Okada Keigo , Miura Osamu , Kumagai Takashi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report a case of fever of unknown origin in a patient with MDS associated with IgM‐MGUS. The patient was positive for MYD88 mutation, and chemotherapy for LPL/WM improved the fever. Analysis of MYD88 and the effect of chemotherapy on LPL/WM finally revealed the latent LPL/WM in this case.
Lymphoma with tuberculous granulomas
Authors: Lal Jyoti Mohan , Rashid Anila 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChronic granulomatous inflammation is a common finding in lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), but it is important to exclude coexisting mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) especially in patients from areas of high endemicity. This case emphasizes the relevance of performing MTB culture on bone marrow exhibiting LPD and concomitant granulomas.
Halogen Bond Catalysis on Carbonyl–OlefinRing‐ClosingMetathesis Reaction: Comparison with Lewis Acid Catalysis
Authors: Li Ying , Sun Yuanyuan , Meng Lingpeng , Li Qingzhong , Zeng Yanli 
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe carbonyl–olefin ring‐closing metathesis reactions have become a powerful tool for carbon‐carbon bond formation. In this work, the halogen bond catalysis and classical Lewis acid catalysis on the carbonyl–olefin ring‐closing metathesis reaction were investigated by density function theory. For both the halogen bond catalysis and classical Lewis acid catalysis, the carbonyl–olefin ring‐closing metathesis reaction occurs by [2 + 2]‐cycloaddition process and [2 + 2]‐cycloreversion process, the reaction energy barriers are low, therefore, it can be performed easily at room temperature. The essential difference of the two kinds of catalysts is that the catalytic mechanism of halogen bond catalysis is mainly contribution of electrostatic interaction, while that of classical Lewis acid catalysis is mainly catalyzed by orbital interaction. The halogen bond donor catalysts (ICl3, IF3) are expected to be efficient catalysts for the reaction and further promote the chemical synthesis of carbonyl–olefin ring‐closing metathesis reaction.