bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen addition and drought impose divergent effects on belowground bud banks of grassland community: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Jing , Hou Xian-zhang , Zhu Jin-lei , Miao Ren-hui , Adomako Michael Opoku 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionBelowground bud banks (or bud-bearing organs) underlie grassland regeneration and community succession following ecosystem perturbations. Disturbances of nitrogen (N) enrichment, overgrazing, wildfire, and drought substantially affect grassland ecosystem succession and aboveground productivity.MethodsTo understand the magnitude and direction of the disturbances on the belowground bud banks, we conducted a meta-analysis on 46 peer-reviewed studies published from 1980 to 2023. The meta-analysis comprises 231 observations of bud bank density per unit area and 410 observations of bud bank density per tiller.ResultsResults indicate that N addition remarkably promotes bud banks densities and plant functional groups of grass in the belowground bud banks. While drought negatively affects bud banks densities and functional groups of grasses and forbs. We found that effects of the N addition and drought on the bud banks depend on the bud type, e.g., root sprouting buds, bulb buds, and dormant buds. However, grazing and wildfire have no significant effect on the bud banks.DiscussionOur results suggest that the N addition and drought may significantly exert promotional and inhibitory effects, respectively, on belowground bud banks, critically altering plant regrowth, community succession, and grassland community dynamics.
Characterization of rhizosphere bacterial communities in oilseed rape cultivars with different susceptibility to Plasmodiophora brassicae infection
Authors: Deng Yue , Wu Wenxian , Huang Xiaoqing , Yang Xiaoxiang , Yu Yaoyin , Zhang Zhongmei , Hu Zijin , Zhou Xiquan , Zhou Kang , Liu Yong , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2025

Rhizosphere microbiomes are constantly mobilized during plant–pathogen interactions, and this, in turn, affects their interactions. However, few studies have examined the activities of rhizosphere microbiomes in plants with different susceptibilities to soil-borne pathogens, especially those that cause clubroot disease. In this study, we compared the rhizosphere bacterial community in response to infection of Plasmodiophora brassicae among the four different clubroot susceptibility cultivars of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Our results revealed obvious differences in the responses of rhizosphere bacterial community to the P. brassicae infection between the four cultivars of oilseed rape. Several bacterial genera that are associated with the nitrogen cycle, including Limnobacter, Thiobacillus, Anaeromyxobacter, Nitrosomonas, Tumebacillus, and Halomonas, showed significantly different changes between susceptible and resistant cultivars in the presence of P. brassicae infection. Moreover, increased connectedness and robustness were exhibited in the rhizosphere bacterial community co-occurrence network in clubroot-susceptible cultivars that were infected with P. brassicae, while only slight changes were observed in clubroot-resistant cultivars. Metagenomic analysis of microbial metabolism also indicated differences in the rhizosphere bacterial community between susceptible and resistant cultivars that were infected with P. brassicae. Functional analysis of the nitrogen cycle showed that genes related to nitrification (nxrB) were upregulated in susceptible cultivars, while genes related to assimilatory nitrate reduction (nasA, narB, and nirA) were upregulated in resistant cultivars that were infected with P. brassicae. These findings indicate that the synthesis and assimilation process of NO3- content were promoted in susceptible and resistant cultivars, respectively. Our study revealed differences in the characteristics of rhizosphere bacterial communities in response to P. brassicae infection between clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant cultivars as well as the potential impact of these differences on the plant–P. brassicae interaction.
Optimizing personalized psychological well-being interventions through digital phenotyping: results from a randomized non-clinical trial
Authors: Rocchi Giulia , Vocaj Emanuela , Moawad Simone , Antonucci Alessandro , Grigioni Carlo , Giuffrida Vincenzo , Bordini Joy 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDigital technologies, including smartphones, hold great promise for expanding mental health services and improving access to care. Digital phenotyping, which involves the collection of behavioral and physiological data using smartphones, offers a novel way to understand and monitor mental health. This study examines the feasibility of a psychological well-being program using a telegram-integrated chatbot for digital phenotyping.MethodsA one-month randomized non-clinical trial was conducted with 81 young adults aged 18–35 from Italy and the canton of Ticino, a region in southern Switzerland. Participants were randomized to an experimental group that interacted with a chatbot, or to a control group that received general information on psychological well-being. The chatbot collected real-time data on participants’ well-being such as user-chatbot interactions, responses to exercises, and emotional and behavioral metrics. A clustering algorithm created a user profile and content recommendation system to provide personalized exercises based on users’ responses.ResultsFour distinct clusters of participants emerged, based on factors such as online alerts, social media use, insomnia, attention and energy levels. Participants in the experimental group reported improvements in well-being and found the personalized exercises, recommended by the clustering algorithm useful.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the feasibility of a digital phenotyping-based well-being program using a chatbot. Despite limitations such as a small sample size and short study duration, the findings suggest that digital phenotyping and personalized recommendation systems could improve mental health care. Future research should include larger samples and longer follow-up periods to validate these findings and explore clinical applications.
Workplace anxiety leading to job burnout among young and middle-aged university lecturers: mechanism and mitigation strategies
Authors: Zhou Kun , Wang Jin 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionA growing group of young and middle-aged lecturers in universities, during a time of increasing career aspirations, not only bears the significant responsibility of teaching but also serves as the backbone for promoting the high-quality development of higher education in our country. Simultaneously, they are experiencing varying degrees of workplace anxiety.MethodsThis paper adopts the mixed-methods of questionnaire analysis and semi-structured interview. Firstly, it presents a questionnaire designed to assess perceptions of workplace anxiety, job performance, and job burnout. Secondly, data were collected from 506 young and middle-aged lecturers across 10 colleges and universities in the four provinces of Chongqing, Anhui, Beijing, and Hebei in China through online questionnaires. A total of 449 valid questionnaires and 56 interview transcripts were obtained. Subsequently, SPSSAU online data analysis software was employed to test the hypotheses derived from the questionnaire data using confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and Bootstrap sampling analysis. Additionally, qualitative analysis was conducted in conjunction with the interview transcripts.ResultsThe results indicate that, on one hand, there is a significant positive relationship between the perception of workplace anxiety and the career growth expectations of young and middle-aged university lecturers. This is evidenced by a negative correlation with their perception of job performance and a positive correlation with their perception of competitive pressure. On the other hand, self-efficacy plays a moderating role in alleviating workplace anxiety and burnout among young and middle-aged university lecturers. As their sense of self-efficacy increases, their feelings of workplace anxiety diminish.ConclusionThe increasing competition among peers has posed significant challenges to the physical and mental health of young and middle-aged university lecturers. Reforming competitive mechanisms and establishing a career support system are essential, evidence-based strategies for alleviating workplace anxiety and enhancing professional efficacy. This article explores the relationship between workplace anxiety and job burnout among young and middle-aged university lecturers, while also proposing strategies for mitigation. These insights are crucial for promoting the career development of university lecturers and safeguarding their physical and mental well-being.
Latent profile analysis of burnout, depression, and anxiety symptoms among Chinese medical staff with frontline anti-epidemic experience in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Xu Huachun , Qiu Lanjun , Chen Yu , Zhang Mengjun , Li Junyi , Xiang Guochun 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundFrontline medical staff’s psychological symptoms deserve persistent attention after 3 years of high-pressure and high-intensity work during the pandemic. In addition, the meaning of burnout and its relationship with depression and anxiety have long been debated. This study aimed to identify profiles of these symptoms among Chinese medical staff with frontline anti-epidemic experience, along with their distinguishing characteristics.MethodsPsychological symptoms of burnout (exhaustion, cynicism, and inefficacy), depression, and anxiety from 989 doctors and 1,105 nurses were explored with latent profile analysis. The R3step method was conducted to analyze the predictive factors of those medical staff’s symptoms.ResultsThree symptom profiles were identified for medical staff, with high-level (62.1%), moderate-level (28.9%), and low-level symptoms (9.0%). In the low-level and moderate-level profiles, symptom variables considered had a consistent trend. However, within the high-level profile, the inefficacy of burnout remained at a lower level, and anxiety performed as the most prominent symptom. Variables of gender, age, salary satisfaction, work hours, and work intensity predicted medical staff profiles (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionIn the post-COVID-19 era, former frontline Chinese medical staff’s psychological symptoms were divided into three latent profiles. Symptoms of burnout, depression, and anxiety did not move in lock-step, indicating that they are different and robust constructs. Targeted intervention strategies should be developed for different subgroups.
Influence of hypertension diagnosis and subjective life expectancy on health behaviors among middle-aged and older Chinese adults
Authors: Liu Xiaoxiao , Ji Xiaoyi , Xia Honghong , Tian Yuxin , Zheng Weihong , Fu Linyun , Qiu Peiyuan , Wan Yang 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesHypertension can lead to significant health complications if left unmanaged due to unhealthy behaviors. This study investigates hypertension related health behaviors of middle-aged and older Chinese adults, investigating whether a hypertension diagnosis and individuals’ subjective life expectancy (SLE) might prompt positive changes in their health behaviors.MethodsThe participants in this study were Chinese adults aged 45 years and older, selected from the 2013–2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to investigate the influence of receiving a hypertension diagnosis, as well as SLE, on hypertension related behaviors.ResultsAmong the respondents, 27.65% reported doctor-diagnosed hypertension, while 19.91% of those who were undiagnosed with hypertension had measured hypertension at baseline. Of those diagnosed with hypertension, only 46.97% in 2013 had their blood pressure within the normal range in 2013, and this slightly improved to 47.80% in 2015. Both receiving a hypertension diagnosis (β = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.37–0.43) and having a low-SLE (β = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03–0.09) were associated with healthier behavior. Interestingly, individuals with measured hypertension exhibited the highest SLE but the lowest health behavior scores.DiscussionAlthough individuals diagnosed with hypertension are able to recognize the dangers of the condition and take proactive steps to improve their health, high blood pressure remains uncontrolled in almost half of them. Those with measured hypertension often lack awareness of hypertension and unhealthier behaviors. Therefore, there is a critical need to enhance hypertension awareness and promote healthier behaviors among both diagnosed individuals with uncontrolled blood pressure and those unaware of their hypertension.
Global trends in surgical approach to neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a systematic review
Authors: Levidy Michael F. , Azer Amanda , Shafei Jasmine , Srinivasan Nivetha , Mahajan Jasmine , Gupta Shivani , Abdelmalek George , Pant Krittika , Jain Kunj , Shah Yash , Zheng Zheshi , Chuieng-Yi Lu Johnny , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen , Chu Alice , McGrath Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundWe analyzed trends in age at surgery and surgical approach over time and geography.MethodsWe performed a systematic review according to PRISMA-IPD guidelines to include individual patient data. Collected data included age at surgery, location of surgery, and surgical approach. The surgical approach was independently categorized as the exploration of the brachial plexus (EBP) or nerve transfer without root exploration (NTwoRE). EBP was defined as exploring the brachial plexus in the supraclavicular fossa and applying a choice of coaptation procedures. NTwoRE included those sourcing donor nerves from, or entirely occurring outside of the plexus without exploring the root of the brachial plexus.ResultsRegression analysis of age at surgery 1985–2020 showed that age at BPBI surgery is rising (p &lt; 0.05). Surgery was performed at a younger age in patients from Europe (7.06 ± 7.77 months) and Asia (7.58 ± 5.33 months) than those from North America (10.44 ± 5.01 months) and South America (14.71 ± 4.53 months) (p &lt; 0.05). NTwoRE was more common in North America (37%) and least common in Europe (12%). Age at EBP was 7.2 ± 5.77 months, and age at NTwoRE was 15.85 ± 13.18 months (p &lt; 0.05). The incidence of NTwoRE is increasing time.ConclusionsAge at NBPP surgery is increasing over time. Regional differences exist in age at NBPP surgery. Approaches to NBPP surgery that avoid exploration of BP roots are becoming more popular. Age at EBP is lower than age at NTwoRE.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage triggered by spinal cord vascular malformation in a pediatric patient: case report and review of literature
Authors: Zhang Ye , Zheng Liaoyuan , Huang Yongwei , Li Zongping , Feng Jing 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSpinal cord vascular malformations (SCVMs) in children are relatively rare and present unique challenges due to their distinct physiological characteristics. These malformations often manifest with nonspecific clinical symptoms, increasing the likelihood of misdiagnosis. The treatment of pediatric SCVMs requires a tailored approach, with the choice between microsurgical intervention and endovascular embolization depending on the specific type of malformation and individual patient factors.Case reportWe report a case of a 6-year-old male who presented with a sudden onset of headache. Initial cranial imaging did not reveal any significant intracranial vascular malformations. However, thoracic spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified an abnormal signal, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed the diagnosis of SCVMs. The patient underwent microsurgical treatment and was discharged in good health. Follow-up DSA confirmed the complete resolution of the vascular malformations.ConclusionThis case, along with a review of the literature, underscores the importance of thorough spinal evaluations in pediatric patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage, especially when intracranial vascular malformations are not identified. A high index of suspicion for SCVMs is crucial. Early and accurate diagnosis, followed by appropriate treatment through microsurgical resection or endovascular embolization, can significantly improve therapeutic outcomes in children with SCVMs.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors in Children: A Multicenter Study of 21,811 Samples in Southern China
Authors: Huang Chuican , Liu Sijia , Cheng Chen , Chen Shiyun , Luo Qing , Huang Yan , Yao Yanxian , Ye Xixia , Wang Haizhen , Luo Liangyi , Xie Junwei , Li Hongai , Duan Yumei , Liu Beibei , Cao Wenting , Zeng Fangfang , Xiang Wei , Fan Lichun 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in children/adolescents in extreme southern China.MethodsThis multicenter, cross-sectional study included 21,811 children aged 0–18 years from 18 districts in Hainan Province, using a multistage stratified random sampling method from January 2021 to March 2022.ResultsSerum 25(OH)D levels decreased with age (p trend &lt;0.001). VDD prevalence increased significantly from 3.7% (95% CI: 3.2, 4.3) in children aged 0–3 years to 43.5% (95% CI: 42.1, 45.0) in those aged 13–18 years. Girls and urban residents showed higher deficiency rates. Adolescents (13–18 years) had the highest prevalence of VDD (43.5%), while toddlers (0–3 years) had the lowest (3.7%). Factors influencing vitamin D status included gender, urban residency, and breastfeeding duration. Seasonal variations showed higher deficiency rates in autumn, particularly among preschoolers. Regional differences were noted, with the highest deficiency in semiarid and subhumid zones for various age groups.ConclusionA significant increase in VDD with age, particularly among adolescents, urban girls, and during autumn, emphasizing the need for targeted strategies.
Nurse-Led Self-Management Support After Organ Transplantation – A Multicenter, Stepped-Wedge Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Zanten Regina , van Dijk Monique , van Rosmalen Joost , Beck Denise K. , van Staa AnneLoes , Van Hecke Ann , Massey Emma K. 
Published: January 2025

In this unblinded multi-center stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial the effectiveness of the nurse-led ZENN-intervention was tested in promoting self-management skills in comparison to standard care among heart, lung and kidney transplant recipients. This intervention is based on behaviour change theories and was conducted in four sessions over 6 months at the outpatient clinic. The experimental group received standard care, plus the ZENN-intervention, while the control group received only standard care. Both groups completed questionnaires at baseline, at 6 months and 1 year follow-up. At baseline, the experimental group (n = 69) scored significantly lower than the control group (n = 106) on the primary outcome Skills and Technique Acquisition (STA). No significant between-group differences were found on the secondary outcomes self-management, self-regulation, quality of life and medication adherence at T1 and T2. There was a significant increase on the self-management scale STA between T0 and T1 in the experimental group. Therefore, participants included in the experimental group had lower self-management skills at baseline and reported significant improvement after completing the intervention. No significant intervention effect was found in the primary analysis, however, for recipients with reduced self-management skills the intervention may be beneficial.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://onderzoekmetmensen.nl/en/trial/24150, Netherlands Trial Register NL8469.
Enhancement Strategy for Protocatechuic Acid Production Using Corynebacterium glutamicum with Focus on Continuous Fermentation Scale-Up and Cytotoxicity Management
Authors: Chung Jiwoon , Shin Wooshik , Park Chulhwan , Cho Jaehoon 
Published: January 2025

Protocatechuate acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid naturally synthesized by various organisms. Protocatechuic acid is synthesized by plants for physiological, metabolic functions, and self-defense, but extraction from plants is less efficient compared to the microbial culture process. The microbial synthesis of protocatechuic acid is sustainable and, due to its high yield, can save energy consumption when producing the same amount. To enhance PCA production using Corynebacterium glutamicum, a statistical optimization of the production medium was performed using full factorial design, the steepest ascent method, and the response surface method. The optimized production medium enabled a PCA production of over 5 g/L in a 72 h batch culture. However, PCA cytotoxicity affected the strain growth and PCA production rate, with an inhibitory concentration of approximately 5 g/L in the fermentation broth. Finally, continuous fermentation was operated for 150 h in the steady-state mode, maintaining the concentration of PCA below 5 g/L. The optimization method established in this study successfully increased PCA production levels, and the findings presented herein are anticipated to contribute to the industrialization of PCA production using C. glutamicum.
Desenvolvimento inicial de pitaia das variedades vermelha e branca no município de Confresa-MT
Authors: ALVES RIBEIRO VITOR , Alves e Mendes Hellenn Thallyta , Silva Cunha Jayne 
Published: January 2025

A pitaia é uma fruta tropical pertencente à família Cactácea e originária da América Central e do Sul, que tem atraído pesquisadores e produtores e consumidores pelo seu sabor e aparência exótica, a fruta pode torna-se uma fonte de renda para a agricultura familiar pelo alto valor agregado ao kg e a procura crescente. O experimento foi implantado na área experimental do Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso (IFMT) município de Confresa, Mato Grosso. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial da pitaia vermelha e branca nas condições da região. O delineamento utilizado foi o DIC e os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas variedades, contendo dezesseis repetições. Utilizou-se clones das cultivares de pitaia vermelha e branca para a formação do pomar, no espaçamento de 3 x 2 m. As variáveis avaliadas na primeira etapa foram: pegamento de mudas e incidência de doenças. Na segunda etapa foram avaliadas: altura, diâmetro do cladódio e quantidade de cladódio por planta. Em relação a altura, ambas as cultivares apresentaram um desempenho semelhante. O diâmetro e quantidade de cladódios da variedade vermelha mostraram-se superior a branca. Ambas as variedades apresentam um bom desenvolvimento inicial nas condições edafoclimáticas do município de Confresa-MT.