bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Appraising the Effects of Gut Microbiota on Insomnia Risk Through Genetic Causal Analysis
Authors: Li Peihong , Wang Song , Li Jiaxin , Xiao Zheng , Zhu Haoyue , Sheng Dandan , Liu Weiping , Xiao Bo , Zhou Luo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundInsomnia is a common neurological disorder that exhibits connections with the gut microbiota; however, the exact causal relationship remains unclear. MethodsWe conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to systematically evaluate the causal effects of genus‐level gut microbiota on insomnia risk in individuals of European ancestry. Summary‐level datasets on gut microbiota were sourced from the genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of MiBioGen, while datasets on insomnia were obtained from the GWAS of Neale Lab and FinnGen. The primary analytical approach used was the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR‐Egger, maximum likelihood, MR‐robust adjusted profile score, and weighted median. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure robustness. ResultsThe microbial taxa Enterorhabdus, Family XIII AD3011 group, Paraprevotella, and Lachnospiraceae UCG004 were associated with an increased risk of insomnia, whereas Coprococcus1, Coprobacter, Desulfovibrio, Flavonifractor, Olsenella, Odoribacter, and Oscillibacter were linked to a decreased risk. Regarding the insomnia phenotype characterized by trouble falling asleep, the microbial taxon Eisenbergiella was correlated with an increased risk, while Haemophilus and the Eubacterium brachy group were associated with a reduced risk. Furthermore, for the insomnia phenotype characterized by waking too early, the microbial taxa Family XIII UCG001, Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group, and Olsenella were linked to an increased risk, whereas the Eubacterium brachy group and Victivallis were associated with a lower risk. The results remained robust across all sensitivity analyses. ConclusionOur MR study identified multiple genus‐level gut microbial taxa that may exhibit potential causal effects on insomnia from a genetic perspective. These findings provide evidence supporting the theory of the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis and offer new insights into potential prevention and therapeutic targets for insomnia.
Genomics Review of Selective RET Inhibitors Sensitivity in Thyroid Cancer Clinical Trials
Authors: Gil‐Bernabé Sara , García‐DeLaFuente Lucía , García‐Álvarez Alejandro , García‐Rostán Ginesa , Capdevila Jaume , Hernando Jorge 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRET gene is a driver of thyroid cancer (TC) tumorigenesis. The incidence of TC has increased worldwide in the last few decades, both in medullary and follicular‐derived subtypes. Several drugs, including multikinase and selective inhibitors, have been explored. Selpercatinib and pralsetinib are selective RET inhibitors that have shown clear clinical benefits for patients in the LIBRETTO and ARROW trials, respectively. Currently, their development and application in clinical practice are ongoing. However, its efficacy in different RET pathogenic variants has not yet been well established. Although selpercatinib and pralsetinib achieved a high ORR, no data are available regarding the differences in tumor responses of both TC groups according to RET pathogenic variants. Clinical trials and literature have analyzed the efficacy of selective RET inhibitors with a special interest in the most common variants. A review of LIBRETTO and ARROW trials was made regarding the change in tumor size depending on the pathogenic variants. M918T pathogenic variant resulted in a higher complete response rate. Patients who underwent fusion had the highest ORR (objective response rate). MKi‐treated patients did not exhibit significant differences from untreated patients. Different RET pathogenic variants are not biomarkers of RETi response in TC. Selpercatinib showed a tendency to achieve a complete response. All patients with RET pathogenic variants should receive treatment with selpercatinib or pralsetinib at any moment of the therapeutic schedule owing to off‐target inhibition and toxicity. Therefore, new targets for drug sensitivity and resistance should be explored.
Kohlenstoffzentrierte Reaktivität von Carbodiphosphoran Liganden ermöglicht nicht‐unschuldige Redoxaktivität, Ligand‐Ligand‐Kooperation und Duale‐Bindungsaktivierungen
Authors: Schatz Philipp , Xu Weiqin , Rynek Sebastian , Maser Leon , Heise Niels , Fuhr Olaf , Fenske Dieter , Haeri Haleh Hashemi , Hinderberger Dariush , Vogt Matthias , Langer Robert 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKoordinierte Liganden sind in der Regel nicht mehr nukleophil und nicht in die Redox‐Prozesse von Metallkomplexen involviert. In diesem Manuskript berichten wir über das Vorliegen beider Eigenschaften in koordinierten Carbodiphosphoranen (CDP), was zu bisher unbekannten, kohlenstoffzentrierten Reaktivitätsmustern führt: Ein CDP‐basierender Rhodium‐Pinzetten‐Komplex ermöglicht dabei die Spaltung von zwei C−Cl‐Bindungen in geminalen Dichloriden durch zwei aufeinanderfolgende, SN2‐artige oxidative Additionsschritte, was zur Bildung eines stabilisierten Carben‐Fragments führt. In Anwesenheit eines geeigneten Reduktionsmittels kann das Carben‐Fragment in einer katalytischen Reaktion in Olefine oder Hydrodehalogenierungsprodukte überführt werden. Die entwickelte Methode kann auch zur Umwandlung von Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffen (FCKW) wie CH2ClF in Fluormethan und Methan verwendet werden. Der stark nucleophile Charakter der koordinierten CDPs spiegelt sich auch in dem geringen Oxidationspotenzial wider, was die Bildung von Radikalen begünstigt und zu einem einzigartigen kationischen Kohlenstoff‐zentrierten radikalischen CDP‐Liganden führt. Dieses kohlenstoffzentrierte Radikal ist in der Lage Wasserstoff durch das kooperative Zusammenspiel mit einem weiteren Liganden zu aktivieren.
Isolated Neutral Organic Radical Unveiled Solvent‐Radical Interaction in Highly Reducing Photocatalysis
Authors: Shaikh Aslam C. , Hossain Md Mubarak , Moutet Jules , Kumar Anshu , Thompson Benjamin , Huxter Vanessa M. , Gianetti Thomas L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDiffusion‐limited kinetics is a key mechanistic debate when consecutive photoelectron transfer (conPET) is discussed in photoredox catalysis. In situ generated organic photoactive radicals can access catalytic systems as reducing as alkaline metals that can activate remarkably stable bonds. However, in many cases, the extremely short‐lived transient nature of these doublet state open‐shell species has led to debatable mechanistic studies, hindering adoption and development. Herein, we document the use of an isolated and stable neutral organic nPrDMQA radical as a highly photoreducing species. The isolated radical offers a unique platform to investigate the mechanism behind the photocatalytic activity of organic photocatalyst radicals. The involvement of reduced solvent is observed, formed by single electron transfer (SET) between the short‐lived excited state nPrDMQA radical and the solvent. In our detailed mechanistic studies, spectroscopic and chemical affirmation of solvent reduction is strongly evident. Reduction of aryl halides, including difluoroarenes is presented as a model study of the conPET method. Further, the activation of N2O, a greenhouse gas that is yet to be activated by photoredox catalysis, is showcased in the absence of a transition metal.
Electrolyte Decoupling Strategy for Metal Oxide‐Based Zinc‐Ion Batteries Free of Crosstalk Effect
Authors: Tang Mingkun , Zhao Xin , Han Ran , Wang Yao , Ding Yichen , Si Zhichun , Li Baohua , Zhou Dong , Kang Feiyu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe crosstalk of transition metal ions between the metal oxide cathode and Zn anode restricts the practical applications of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Herein, we propose a decoupled electrolyte (DCE) consisting of a nonaqueous‐phase (N‐phase) anolyte and an aqueous‐phase (A‐phase) catholyte to prevent the crosstalk of Mn2+, thus extending the lifespan of MnO2‐based ZIBs. Experimental measurements and theoretical modelling verify that trimethyl phosphate (TMP) not only synergistically works with NH4Cl in the N‐phase anolyte to enable fast Zn2+ conduction while blocking Mn2+ diffusion toward anode, but also modifies the Zn2+ solvation structure to suppress the dendrite formation and corrosion on Zn anode. Meanwhile, the A‐phase catholyte effectively accelerates the cathode reaction kinetics. The as‐developed Zn|DCE|MnO2 cell delivers 80.13 % capacity retention after 900 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. This approach is applicable for other metal oxide cathode‐based ZIBs, thereby opening a new avenue for developing ultrastable ZIBs.
Solvent‐Free Approach for Performance Regulation in Transparent Waterborne Polyurethane Acrylate Dispersions Through Excessive Neutralization
Authors: Hu Guyue , Zhang Zijian , Qian Hongxiang , Wang Qirun , Shi Jichao , Chang Shufang , Jia Runping , Xu Xiaowei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe conventional use of the acetone method for waterborne polyurethane acrylate(WPUA) preparation encounters challenges in completely eliminating volatile organic compound emissions, presenting obstacles to meeting potentially stricter emission standards in the future. This work investigated the possibility of preparing WPUA using the acetone method without organic solvents. For the first time, it was found that excessive neutralizing agents can contribute to the performance regulation of WPUA dispersions by inhibiting the crystallization of polyurethane hard chain segments under the condition of a large number of urethane end chain segments. The conditions under which performance regulation can occur were verified through comparative experiments and density functional theory simulations. The research results demonstrate the successful preparation of a highly transparent WPUA dispersion with a particle size of 47.92 nm, a polydispersity of 0.032, a solid content of 44.12 wt%, and a rotational viscosity of 169.27 mPa·s. The membrane prepared by this dispersion exhibited a tensile strength of 30.51 MPa and a significantly low degree of swelling. This study emphasizes the scalability and universality of the proposed methods, highlighting their long‐term significance, potential for industrial production, and contribution to establishing a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future.
Fumed Silica Enhances the Flame Retardancy of Ammonium Polyphosphate/Urea/Di‐Pentaerythritol Doped Silicone Acrylic Emulsion Coating
Authors: Tian Hua , Wang YaChao , Lu DongZhao , Zhao JiangPing , Xie Jin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, a new intumescent flame‐retardant coating based on silicone‐acrylic emulsion is prepared using KH550‐modified fumed silica, ammonium polyphosphate, urea, and di‐pentaerythritol. The cone calorimeter (CC) test demonstrates that 0.50 wt% fumed silica significantly improves the flame retardancy of the coating. Compared with the coating without fumed silica, 0.50 wt% fumed silica reduces the total heat release (THR) of the coating from 18.00 to 16.38 MW m−2, and the flame retardant index (FRI) increases from 1.00 to 2.03. Fumed silica enhances the strength of residues, as demonstrated by binding force compression curves and other tests. The yield force and compressive strength of residues increase by 91.26% and 94.12%, respectively. Moreover, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis shows that 0.50 wt% fumed silica enhances the thermal stability of the coating. In the pyrolysis kinetic analysis, the three‐stage deceleration function (F3) is selected as the pyrolysis function. The activation energy (E

α
) of the coating with 0.50 wt% fumed silica increases from 155.28 to 234.86 kJ mol−1 at 370°C–410°C. The above conclusions show that fumed silica has great potential to improve flame retardancy and provides a new strategy for expanding the research field of flame retardant coatings.
Effect of Poly(Ethylene Glycol)‐Poly(d‐Lactide) Block Copolymers on the Microstructure and Performances of Poly(l‐Lactide)/Rubber Blends
Authors: Liu Huili , Su Luyao , Li Ruihan , Wang Liting , Bai Dongyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this article, poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(d‐lactide) (PEG‐PDLA) block copolymers with different PEG chain lengths were synthesized and melt‐mixed with poly(l‐lactide) (PLLA) and rubber nanoparticles. The role of PEG‐PDLA block copolymers in tailoring the microstructures and performances of PLLA/rubber blend were investigated in detail. It was found that high contents of stereocomplex (SC) crystals were generated in PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends, which induced rubber nanoparticles to agglomerate and form network‐like structures. The size of rubber aggregates and continuity of rubber network‐like structures first increased and then declined significantly as the PEG chain length increased. Resultingly, the impact toughness of PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends first remarkably increased to 74.1 kJ/m2 and then decreased to 30.6 kJ/m2. Meanwhile, the elongation at break increased with increasing PEG chain length and little loss of tensile strength happened, revealing good stiffness‐toughness balance performances of PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends. Moreover, the matrix crystallization rate of PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends could be greatly increased by increasing PEG chain length and the PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends exhibited much higher Vicat softening temperatures than PLLA/rubber blend, which confirmed the excellent heat resistance of PLLA/rubber/PEG‐PDLA copolymer blends. These interesting findings suggested that PEG‐PDLA block copolymers were highly conducive to prepare PLLA materials with outstanding comprehensive performances.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of a digital escape room for learning veterinary anatomy
Authors: Montel Charles , Cartiaux Benjamin , Mogicato Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnatomy plays a key role in veterinary training, and alternatives to traditional teaching methods, such as game‐based learning and escape rooms, are emerging as innovative and effective methods. However, the effectiveness of these approaches, particularly in areas such as veterinary anatomy, remains under‐researched. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a digital escape room in teaching veterinary anatomy to first‐year students at the Toulouse Veterinary School. It included interactive elements and puzzles based on veterinary anatomy content. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 81) that engaged with the digital escape room or a control group (n = 81). Pre‐ and post‐tests were conducted with a score out of 100 to assess knowledge acquisition, and the participants' perception of the digital escape room was evaluated using a questionnaire. When comparing the difference between pre‐ and post‐test scores, the experimental group showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). When comparing the post‐test, the experimental group achieved a higher test scores with statistical significance comparing to the control group (p < 0.0001), indicating improved knowledge acquisition. The questionnaire reported that the digital escape room helped increase motivation and interest in learning. However, the lowest score in student–teacher interaction indicates a potential lack of feedback to support student progress. Digital escape rooms are a promising effective and engaging tool for teaching veterinary anatomy, offering practicality, scalability, and potential application across various disciplines of veterinary studies.
Giant Seebeck Effect of Dibenzo[g,p]chrysene and its Derivatives: Deuteration and Substituent Effects and Relationship with Interlayer Distance
Authors: Kojima Hirotaka , Kojima Kohei , Kawauchi Toshiki , Abe Ryo , Nakamura Masakazu , Yamagishi Masakazu , Hamaguchi Naoto , Yamanishi Katsunori , Tsuji Hayato 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThermoelectric properties of undoped crystals of dibenzo[g,p]chrysene (DBC), deuterated DBC (DBC‐d16), and 2,10‐dimethyl‐DBC (DBC‐Me2) have been studied to obtain some insights into the relationship between the structural parameters of materials and the giant Seebeck effect. X‐ray crystallography showed one‐dimensional columnar packing with the interlayer distances (d) for DBC‐d16, DBC, and DBC‐Me2 were 3.78 Å, 3.79 Å, and 3.91 Å, respectively. All three compounds formed one‐dimensional carrier transport pathways as suggested by the transfer integral calculations. Their Seebeck coefficients (α) were negative, indicating n‐type behavior. DBC‐d16 exhibited among the highest peak Seebeck coefficient (αmax=−114 mV/K) compared to DBC and DBC‐Me2 (αmax=−31 and −22 mV/K, respectively). The power factors of DBC‐d16 and DBC‐Me2 were higher than that of DBC, due to an increase in Seebeck coefficient and conductivity, respectively. Notably, a positive correlation was found between the peak temperature of the Seebeck coefficient and interlayer distance d, while |αmax| correlated negatively with d. Deuteration significantly enhanced |αmax|, likely due to reduced molecular vibrations, though further investigation should consider the effect of dynamic structural fluctuation caused by thermal motion.
Estimation of Secondary Metabolites, Nutrients, Minerals, and Anti‐Inflammatory and Antidiarrheal Agents in Heliotropium rariflorum Stocks at Two Phenological Stages
Authors: Uza Noor Ul , Dastagir Ghulam , Ahmad Imran , Ullah Sami , Din Israr Ud , Suleman Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe medicinal value of plants depends on minerals and nutrients and their complexation with chemotherapeutic compounds. The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition with anti‐inflammatory and antidiarrheal potential of Heliotropium rariflorum. Among nutrients, fibers were maximum (25.3% in leaves, 53.05% in stem, 57.01% in roots) during flowering period. Leaves were rich in ash contents. Fat contents were minimum (0.94%–7.22%) in plant parts during both periods. The highest gross energy was calculated for leaves during vegetative period (210.136 kcal/100 g). Similarly, macro‐minerals (Ca & K contents) were highest at both stages, whereas micro‐minerals (Cu contents) were at flowering stage as compared to the rest of the elements. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS) revealed that the leaves methanolic extract was rich in 16,28‐secosolanidan‐3‐ol and tetrahydro‐solasodine (1.40%), stem in 6‐octadecenoic acid (29.24%) (9,12‐octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z) and cis‐7‐dodecen‐1‐yl acetate; 14.30%), and roots in 4‐(1‐methyle 2‐cyclohexen)‐1‐one, 3,5‐dimethylpyrazole, and 2,4‐dimethylfuran (0.83%). The plant exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.01) anti‐inflammatory while mild antidiarrheal properties (p > 0.01). It is recommended that H. rariflorum is a good source of nutrients, minerals, and secondary metabolites and can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries, especially as an anti‐inflammatory and antidiarrheal agent.
Target Identification of Marine Natural Product Odoamide:Odoamide Induces Apoptotic Cell Death by Targeting ATPase Na+/K+ Transporting Subunit Alpha 1 (ATP1A1)
Authors: Katsumata Ryosuke , Kamiyama Hiroshi , Sagane Koji , Yamamoto Yuji , Azuma Hiroshi , Nishibata Kyoko , Kotake Yoshihiko , Nakano Shizuka , Okubo Shinya , Teruya Toshiaki , Okuda Akifumi , Takase Yasutaka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMarine natural products show a large variety of unique chemical structures and potent biological activities. Elucidating the target molecule and the mechanism of action is an essential and challenging step in drug development starting with a natural product. Odoamide, a member of aurilide‐family isolated from Okinawan marine cyanobacterium, has been known to exhibit highly potent cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the target protein and the cytotoxic mechanism of odoamide. Compared to existing anticancer agents, odoamide showed a unique fingerprint in the JFCR39 cancer cell panel and a characteristic pattern in gene expression profiling. Affinity chromatography utilizing a biologically active odoamide probe identified ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 1 (ATP1A1) as a specific binding protein. Additionally, cells resistant to odoamide were found to have mutations at Gly98 and Gly99 of the ATP1A1 protein. The apparently attenuated cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of odoamide in odoamide‐resistant cells suggests that the induction of these activities by odoamide is critically dependent on its interaction with ATP1A1. We conclude that odoamide induces apoptotic cell death by targeting ATP1A1, and we discuss the impact of affinity‐based target identification for natural products and the potential of ATP1A1 inhibitors for drug discovery.
The present and future of digital health, digital medicine, and digital therapeutics for allergic diseases
Authors: Zhang He , Cao Yang , Jiang Haibo , Zhou Qilin , Yang Qintai , Cheng Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDigital health, digital medicine, and digital therapeutics integrate advanced computer technologies into healthcare, aiming to improve efficiency and patient outcomes. These technologies offer innovative solutions for the management of allergic diseases, which affect a significant proportion of the global population and are increasing in prevalence.BodyThis review examines the current progress and future potential of digital health in allergic disease management. It highlights key advancements, including telehealth, mobile health (mHealth), artificial intelligence, clinical decision support systems (CDSS), and digital biomarkers, with a focus on their relevance to allergic disease management. The role of digital tools in improving treatment adherence, enabling remote care, and integrating environmental and patient data into personalized care models is discussed. Challenges such as data privacy, interoperability, and equitable access are addressed, alongside potential strategies to overcome these barriers.ConclusionDigital therapy will play an important role in allergic diseases, and the further development of digital therapies will effectively promote the development of clinical research, digital biomarkers, hypoallergenic environments and digital twins. More research is needed to support the progress of digital therapy for allergic diseases.