bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Kultur der Einbildungskraft und der Urteilskraft in einer dürftigen Zeit
Authors: Poulain Jacques 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wir stimmen Dietmar Kamper zu, dass die einzigartige Artikulierung der Anthropo-Ethik des Ästhetischen zur Diagnose des heutigen Monströsen im Menschen zentral bleibt. Herders Prophezeiung wird damit vollzogen: „Wir glauben zu sehen, wo wir nur fühlen sollten; wir sehen endlich so viel und so schnell, daß wir nichts mehr fühlen, und fühlen können“. Dies geschieht durch die Übertragung der pragmatischen Epistemologie ins soziale Leben. Das soziale Leben im Zeitalter der totalen Experimentierung der Welt und des Menschen wird zu einem Laboratorium, und ein blinder Konsens wird zur regulierenden Instanz des menschlichen Lebens. Die Berechtigung dieser Diagnose liegt in der Art und Weise, wie die heutige pragmatische Vernunft die Urteilskraft verdrängt. Ihres Erachtens dürfen wir zum einen das, was uns selbst betrifft, nicht als Ich-Person beurteilen, sondern nur im Namen der anderen, und zum anderen darf die Urteilskraft nur durch ein Unterwerfen unter die Ethik und die Rhetorik des Konsenses ersetzt werden. Covid ist eine Folge unseres blinden Hyper-Experimentalisierens der Welt, des Tierreichs und unserer selbst. Wir wissen heute, dass die sprachliche Einbildungskraft in der Tat erklärt, wie die Einbildungskraft das Sehen, die Kunst der Bilder sowie die Erfindung der wissenschaftlichen Hypothesen möglich macht: Sie gibt der visuellen und der wissenschaftlichen Einbildungskraft ihre Dialog- und Reharmonisierungskraft und fördert infolgedessen das Ausüben unserer Urteilskraft, damit sie die Objektivität ihrer Ergebnisse behaupten kann. Im Fall von Covid war es ebenso notwendig, die Urteilskraft zur Erstellung der Diagnose zu ergreifen, wie es stets nötig ist, die Objektivität einer medizinischen Lösung zu beurteilen und zu behaupten.
Fahren auf Sicht
Authors: Zirfas Jörg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDer Artikel beschreibt in anthropologischen und kulturwissenschaftlichen Zugängen zu den Begriffen Risiko und Gefahr, Kontingenz und Angst sowie zu ihren Kompensationstechniken wie Prävention, Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung, Versicherung und Risikowissen mit Blick auf die Geschichte wie auf systematische Aspekte die Bedeutung des Risikos für das menschliche Leben. Die größte anthropologische Gefahr bei einem am Risiko orientierten Leben besteht wohl darin, dieses nur unter den Aspekten der Kalkulation zu verstehen. Wenn Wirklichkeit letztlich nichts anderes ist als ein kalkulierbares Risiko, dann gerät die Realität unter das Vorzeichen der Virtualität, zu einem abstrakten Raum von Kontingenzen, den man auch anders beschreiben oder berechnen kann. Der Mensch wird zu einer abstrakten Fiktion, zu einem homo oeconomicus als homo virtualis – der errechnet und kalkuliert werden kann.„Auf Sicht zu fahren beziehungsweise Sichtfahrbetrieb bedeutet, dass bei der Bewegung eines Fahrzeugs der Fahrzeugführer zumindest anteilig selbst durch Hinsehen feststellt, dass die Fahrt gefahrlos möglich ist.“ Wikipedia
Covid 19: informer n’est pas communiquer
Authors: Wolton Dominique 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Covid 19 made it clear once again: to inform is not to communicate. To communicate is to live. Three dimensions of communication can be distinguished: sharing, stumbling upon incommunication, the damage of acommunication. Human communication is always more complex and more fragile than technical communication. Information, whatever it is, concerns the message; communication concerns the relationship, therefore the test of the other. The challenge of the sequence otherness-cultural diversity-cultural cohabitation? To manage to make the respect of identities and universality cohabit. Incommunication is not an obstacle to the construction of Europe, on the contrary, it is its condition. This is a paradoxical situation but one that illustrates the paradigm shift in political communication. To cohabit without losing identities. Such is the insane bet that the Europeans have succeeded in making.
Ein Virus als Totem?
Authors: Pietsch-Lindt Ursula 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

In diesem Beitrag geht es um die Betrachtung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus als machtvolles Naturphänomen aus der Sicht einer phylogenetisch überformten Kultur und ihrer Wirksamkeit. Ausgangspunkt dieser Zuwendung ist die These, dass Phänomene des Umgangs mit dem SARS-CoV-2-Virus als Aktivitäten eines affektiven Symbolisierungsprozesses betrachtet werden können, also ähnlich jenen für ein Totem. Der Text sucht nach Spuren dieses Prozesses, registriert Eindrücke und Abdrücke im Kontext des Virus und des Totems. Daraus ergeben sich Annäherungen, Überblendungen, Abweichungen und Differenzen im Hinblick auf den Pandemie-Diskurs. Der Beitrag schraffiert somit Grauzonen, die Bild und Begriff des Totems nicht starr justieren, sondern als Suchbild offenhalten. Veränderungen sollen sich auf diese Weise erkennen lassen und zu einem prozessualen Verständnis von Totem und Pandemie beitragen. Dies wird an zwei Beispielen erläutert. Beispiel (1) fragt nach der Alltagsbezeichnung Corona im Insgesamt des Pandemiegeschehens. Hier wird der Mensch als homo narrator herausgestellt, der nach Sprechweisen sucht, die sein Verhältnis zur Natur (-geschichte) und ihrer Wechselwirkung auf die Kultur (-geschichte) adäquat, d.h. abstrahierend und anschaulich auszudrücken vermögen. In Anerkennung der Grenzen dieses Ansinnens thematisiert Beispiel (2) die Abbildungspraxis mit ihren symbolischen Ausprägungen. Aus den Überschneidungen und Abweichungen mit totemistischen Praktiken werden neue performative Ausprägungen erkennbar.
Zwischen Vertröstung und Trost unterscheiden lernen. Das Affektsignal „Trost“ in der ignatianischen Spiritualität
Authors: Frick Eckhard 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungKinder lernen das affektive Monitoring, indem sie Disstress-Zeichen aussenden und die feinfühlige Reaktionen der Pflegepersonen wahrnehmen (Aktivierung des Bindungssystems). Das deutsche Wort „Trost“ ist mit dem englischen „Trust“ (Vertrauen) verwandt. Im Leid zu klagen und sich nach Trost zu sehnen, kann Teil der Beziehung zu Gott oder anderen spirituellen Bindungspersonen sein, etwa in Gebeten wie in Johannes Brahms’ „tröste mich wieder mit deiner Hilfe“ (Op. 29,2). In der ignatianischen Spiritualität und insbesondere in den Spirituellen Exerzitien spielen die Aufmerksamkeit für Emotionen („Bewegungen der Seele“) und die individualisierte Wertprüfung eine Schlüsselrolle für die „Unterscheidung der Geister“, d. h. für die Unterscheidung zwischen dem, was Gottes Willen entspricht und dem, was ihm widerspricht. Die unterscheidenden Personen erkennen Vertröstungen (im Unterschied zum Trost). Sie lernen es, mit Zeiten der Trostlosigkeit selbst umzugehen und werden dadurch auch fähig, andere zu begleiten, die unter Trostlosigkeit leiden.
Dual PI3Kδ/γ Inhibitor Duvelisib Prevents Development of Neuropathic Pain in Model of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Adamek Pavel , Heles Mario , Bhattacharyya Anirban , Pontearso Monica , Slepicka Jakub , Palecek Jiri 
Published: January 2022

The development of painful paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) represents a major dose-limiting side effect of paclitaxel chemotherapy. Here we report a promising effect of duvelisib (Copiktra), a novel FDA-approved PI3Kδ/γ isoform-specific inhibitor, in preventing paclitaxel-induced pain-like behavior and pronociceptive signaling in DRGs and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) in rat and mouse model of PIPN. Duvelisib blocked the development of mechanical hyperalgesia in both males and females. Moreover, duvelisib prevented paclitaxel-induced sensitization of TRPV1 receptors, and increased PI3K/Akt signaling in small-diameter DRG neurons and an increase of CD68+cells within DRGs. Specific optogenetic stimulation of inhibitory neurons combined with patch-clamp recording revealed that duvelisib inhibited paclitaxel-induced weakening of inhibitory, mainly glycinergic control on SCDH excitatory neurons. Enhanced excitatory and reduced inhibitory neurotransmission in the SCDH following PIPN was also alleviated by duvelisib application. In summary, duvelisib showed a promising ability to prevent neuropathic pain in PIPN. The potential use of our findings in human medicine may be augmented by the fact that duvelisib is an FDA-approved drug with known side effects.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe show that duvelisib, a novel FDA-approved PI3Kδ/γ isoform-specific inhibitor, prevents the development of paclitaxel-induced pain-like behavior in males and females and prevents pronociceptive signaling in DRGs and spinal cord dorsal horn in rat and mouse model of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Lithuanian Neologisms: the Aspect of Sex Expression
Authors: Murmulaitytė Daiva 
Published: January 2022

The article discusses the nouns with the (potential) seme of sex in “The Database of Lithuanian Neologisms“ in terms of their origin, word formation, semantics and usage. The majority of names of animated beings (people, animals as well as phantasy creatures, personified phenomena, etc.) are motion nouns (substantiva mobilia), while the others are of masculine, feminine or neutral gender.
New coinages (separate, occasional as well as usual ones) show that more means of naming objects according to their sex differences are used in modern Lithuanian language compared to the ones provided for in Lithuanian language grammars or descriptors of word formation, which were written long time ago. Moreover, usual derivational affixes expand their semantics. For example, the suffix -inas is used not only in new coinages to name males (beždžioninas ‘a monkey male’, žirafinas ‘a giraffe male’), but also to coin names for certain men (barakudinas ‘a predatory man, who seeks profit from rich women’ ← barakuda ‘a young, determined and selfish woman, seducing stranger rich men’, žvaigždinas ‘a star – celebrity of masculine gender’ ← žvaigždė ‘a famous woman, celebrity’). The inflection -ė is broadly used not only for new names of female animals, but also to name women (krivė ‘a female priest in the Baltic religion’, šviesulė ‘a famous (usually in the entertainment world) woman’, urėdė ‘a woman in the position of forest manager’, etc.).
Changing social relations as well as changing attitudes towards non-heterosexual persons, the same-sex marriages, louder-sounding ideas of feminism, levelling of female and male occupations, activities and hobbies, etc., call for coinages that are needed to name new realities. And sometimes it is necessary not to find a name for a new reality, but to emphasise or, less frequently, to level the gender of already named reality. For this reason, such new words were coined: tėvė ‘according to the ideology of genderism – one of the members of family growing children (regardless of gender)’, kareivė ‘a woman performing military conscription’, kavalierė ‘a woman, who was awarded the order’; slaugas ‘a male nurse’, sesutis ‘a man working as a nurse’, auklius ‘a man working as a nanny’, mūzas ‘a masculine form of the noun mūza (a goddess, a female inspirer of poetic creation’; žmoga ‘a feminist name for a woman or a person detached from the gender’, and others. Some of them naturally became part of the standard Lithuanian, other words remained occasional.
The article raises the question whether/how dictionaries should present potential (i.e., foreseen by the system, but practically not attested) words (forms).
On the basis of examples of new motion nouns (new coinages), there emerge considerations how to perceive nouns, which have the same lexical stem and paradigms of two (male and female) genders – as separate words or different forms of the same words? The answer to this question may define how substantiva mobilia could/should be presented in the dictionaries in a more systematic way.
A nemszteroid gyulladáscsökkentő szerek reumatológiai alkalmazása a cardiovascularis prevenció tükrében
Authors: Sütő Gábor 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. A reumatológiai betegségek gyakoribb cardiovascularis
megbetegedéssel és halálozással járnak. Ennek oka a veleszületett fogékonyság, a
tradicionális cardiovascularis rizikófaktorok, a folyamatos gyulladásos háttér
és a mozgásszegénység, amelyek mellett a gyógyszerszedés sem elhanyagolható
tényező. A nemszteroid gyulladáscsökkentő szerek egyik legismertebb mellékhatása
a cardiovascularis megbetegedés és halálozás előfordulásának fokozódása, amely
az egyes készítmények esetében eltérő mértékű. Ezt a különbséget sokáig a
ciklooxigenáz-1 és -2 enzim eltérő mértékű gátlásával magyarázták. A prospektív
összetett cardiovascularis végpontú vizsgálatok azonban nem igazoltak jelentős
különbséget a ciklooxigenáz-1 és -2 gátlása között. A megfelelő
gyógyszerválasztás a klinikai vizsgálatok tapasztalatai alapján történik,
figyelembe véve a beteg és a betegség adottságain túl az adott készítmény
tulajdonságait. A jelenlegi ismeretek alapján a cardiovascularis rizikó
szempontjából a kis és közepes adagú ibuprofén vagy dexibuprofén, valamint
naproxén tűnik előnyösnek, habár ez utóbbi esetében gastrointestinalis
szövődményekkel kell számolni. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(3): 93–97.
Summary. Rheumatological diseases are associated with more common
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This is due to inherited susceptibility,
traditional cardiovascular risk factors, persistent inflammatory background, and
lack of exercise. Medication is also not a negligible factor. One of the best
known side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is the increased
incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which varies among the
different treatments. This difference has long been explained by different
levels of inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 enzymes. However, prospective
composite cardiovascular endpoint studies did not demonstrate a significant
difference between cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 inhibition. The choice of the
appropriate drug is based on the experience of clinical trials, taking into
account the characteristics of the particular product in addition to the patient
and the characteristics of the disease. Based on the current knowledge, low and
moderate doses of ibuprofen or dexibuprofen and naproxen appear to be beneficial
for cardiovascular risk, although gastrointestinal complications are to be
expected in the latter. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(3): 93–97.
Metabolic disorders in patients with vestibular migraine
Authors: Bedenko A. S. , Antonenko L. M. 
Published: January 2022

Objective: to assess vitamin D deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia along with psychoemotional status in patients with vestibular migraine.Material and methods. The neurovestibular examination of 23 patients was performed. All patients were diagnosed with vestibular migraine in accordance with the international criteria. The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect of dizziness on everyday life was assessed according to the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Psychoemotional status was investigated for all patients by using the following scales: Beck depression scale, Spilber–Hanin Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-26).Results. The mean level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 23±15 ng/ml, homocysteine – 11±3.4 μmol/L. The mean levels of situational and personal anxiety were 48.8±9 and 50.4±10.8, respectively. A correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation for Beck's depression parameters and DHI score (Spearman's criterion value 0.64, p=0.0016).Conclusion. The data obtained evidence about a rather frequent detection of 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and deficit among patients with vestibular migraine that requires further evaluation, including expanding patients sample and/or comparison with other groups of patients. Of significance was to find an elevated level of anxiety and a correlation between the severity of dizziness (according to DHI score) and the level of depression (based on the Beck Scale).
Posttraumatic epilepsy: clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features
Authors: Maslov N. E. , Litvinova A. A. , Kovalev P. S. , Maslova N. N. , Yuryeva N. V. , Khamtsova E. I. 
Published: January 2022

According to 2019 statistics records, traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are the most common type of injuries and one of the main causes for disability in Russia. Every year 200 people per 10,000 subjects around the world suffer from serious brain injuries. Severe TBI can result in long-term disability. Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the most dramatic consequences of TBI with an estimated incidence rate ranging from 2% to 50% based on severity of injury. Conducting studies on PTE poses numerous challenges because epilepsy never develops in many patients with TBI or it may occur more than 10 years after TBI.In this review, which includes data from studies conducted by Russian researchers, including us, and foreign colleagues over the last few years (mainly 2017–2022), we analyzed and generalized currently known risk factors, clinical and diagnostic features of PTE in order to increase the awareness about modern methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics related to this disease (including electroencephalography and routine/special neuroimaging techniques that allow to identify PTE biomarkers). We also aimed to promote development of preventive strategies for patient management. It has been proved that no clear algorithms for PTE diagnostics and treatment are currently available, which often leads to insufficient patient care.
Assessing efficacy of endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy using a semi-rigid needle endoscope in сhildren with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy: results of CT brain perfusion and time-frequency EEG analysis
Authors: Sufianov A. A. , Sufianova G. Z. , Shapkin A. G. , Shelyagin I. S. , Al Zakhrani A. A. H. , Rustamov R. R. , Stefanov S. Zh. , Khayretdinov A. M. , Sufianov R. A. , Simfukwe K. 
Published: January 2022

Background. The probability of seizures after endoscopic surgical treatment of hydrocephalus may comprise up to 9.5%, therefore accounting for a need to find solutions for alleviating the surgical trauma to the brain. One option to this problem might be based on using “seamless” neurosurgery, particularly endoscopes with a minimal outer sheath diameter (needle endoscopes, shunt endoscopes).Objective: to evaluate major outcomes of surgically treated epilepsy, cerebral haemodynamics and electroencephalogram (EEG) in children with hydrocephalus and concomitant drug-resistant epilepsy before and after endoscopic ventriculocysternostomy of the third ventricular floor by using a semi-rigid needle endoscope.Material and methods. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p<0.05).Results. In the early and remote postoperative periods, no epileptic seizures were observed in 57.1% of subjects (Engel Class I). Mean seizure frequency decreased from 12.9±6.1 to 0.82±0.31 per month (p<0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p><0.01) were observed, as well as improvement of cerebral hemodynamics in the form of increased mean cerebral blood flow by 29.1±4.3% (p><0.01), mean circulating blood volume by ><0.01). A significant decline in slow-wave amplitude and the paroxysmal index from 19.1±2.5% to 6.9±1.7% (p<0.01), mean circulating blood volume by 22.4±5.27% (p<0.05) and decreased mean transit time by 12.8±2.5% (p><0.05).
Conceptual Approaches to the Legal Regulation of Genomic Researches and Their Use in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nikitina Elena E. , Pomazansky Andrey E. 
Published: January 2022

This article concentrates on the problem of legislative regulation of public relations on genomic researches and the use of genomic technologies in the Russian Federation. Genomic technologies generate many ethical, social, and cultural issues for modern Russian society and bear significant risks for human rights and freedoms. Further, it presents threats to the preservation of human nature not only for existing, but also for future, generations of Russian citizens. For the protection of these values, it is necessary to create a regulatory system for genomic researches and genomic technologies in the Russian Federation.
The regulatory system in this sphere should be constructed on three levels: the international, national, and self-regulatory levels. The authors concludes that there are no fundamental contradictions between international legal acts and the Russian legislation on human rights protection in the context of genomic research. These circumstances make it possible to join the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being relating to the Application of Biology and Medicine of 1997.
The article analyzes the current system of legislative regulation on of relevant issues in federal legislation and considers its further development. According to the authors, primary main models of the development of legislation in this area in Russia should be considered: the traditional model, developed based on a quantitative increase in norms in various branches of law; and the complex model, based on a single comprehensive legal act, which sets out the tasks, principles, and general approaches to the regulation of single institutions relating to genomic researches and their use. The article describes the positive and negative consequences of adopting each particular model for the development of genomics in the Russian Federation