bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Child Disability on Parental Employment and Earnings: A Quasi- Experimental Study of Parents of Children with Disability in Norway
Authors: Wondemu Michael Yisfashewa , Hermansen Åsmund , Joranger Pål , Brekke Idunn 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Caring for a disabled child has both immediate and long-term economic costs that affect the well-being of children, parents, and society. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of child disability on parental employment and earnings by examining differences in care burden by parental gender, disability severity, and child age.Methods: The study included children with disabilities born between 2004 to 2011 and their mothers (n = 139,189) and fathers (n = 134,457). Longitudinal data on employment, working hours and labour earnings were obtained from Statistics Norway, specifically the National Education Database, the Central Population Register and the Event History Database. A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences model was used to examine differences in employment, working hours and earnings. Results: The results showed that caring for children with disabilities has a negative effect on mothers’ labour market participation, working hours and earnings. The more severe a child’s condition is, the more likely the mother is to work less or to stop working entirely. Additionally, mothers caring for school-age disabled children face a greater burden of care than mothers of disabled children of preschool age. Labour market participation, working hours, and labour earnings for fathers with less severe disabled children is comparable to those of fathers with non-disabled children. Caring for more severely disabled child reduces fathers' labour earnings but has no effect on their working hours or labour market participation.Conclusion: Policymakers and child welfare stakeholders should evaluate policy options and provide the necessary welfare support particularly to mothers caring for children with a more severe disability.
Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 and mortality in hemodialysis patients: three is good…
Authors: Yavuz Demet , Özen Düriye Sıla Karagöz , Başbulut Eşe , Bilgin Melek , Demirağ Mehmet Derya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: This study has investigated the vaccination rates against SARS-CoV-2 infection, antibody response to vaccine types, and factors affecting mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods: 98 of 143 patients undergoing hemodialysis in our clinic had 3 doses of BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTechh) or CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences) vaccine. Of these 98 patients, blood samples were obtained from 52 patients who agreed to obtain serum samples before and after vaccination. The serum samples were analyzed using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay designed to detect IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.Results: The rate of vaccination with at least one dose of vaccine was 85.3% , and the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 58.7% . The patients whose antibody titer obtained after the third dose of vaccine (n=52) were divided into two groups according to the last vaccine type, as BioNTechh group of 16 patients and Sinovac group of 36 patients. Considering all 52 patients with 3 doses of vaccine, the median antibody level was 397.3 (min-max) (4.5 - 40000) before the third vaccine dose, while 1325.3 (min-max) (10.5 - 40000) after the third vaccine dose (p < 0.001). In patients with the last vaccine dose of Sinovac (n=36), the median antibody titer was 168.2 (min-max) (4.5 - 40000) before the third vaccine dose, while 851.7 (min-max) (55.2 - 40.000) after the third vaccine dose (p < 0.01). In patients with the last vaccine dose of BioNTechh, the median antibody titer was 2738.6 (min-max) (9.4 - 37723.4) before the third vaccine dose, while 37575.8 (min-max) (10.5 - 40000) after the third vaccine dose (p = 0.002). The frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection (p=0.001) and SARS-CoV-2 infection-related mortality rates was significantly lower in vaccinated patients than in unvaccinated patients (p<0.001).Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses elicited a high seropositive response in patients receiving maintenance dialysis. Those who received the last (3rd) dose of vaccine with BNT162b2 had higher antibody levels than those with CoronaVac/Sinovac. In addition, regardless of the vaccine type, being vaccinated with any of them decreased the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mortality rate.
Health care-associated meningitis: Clinical epidemiology and predictor for 90-day mortality
Authors: Zheng Guanghui , Shi Yijun , Ding Yaowei , Sun Jialu , Wang Siqi , Qian Lingye , Lv Hong , Zhang Guojun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aims
To express the clinical predictor and epidemiology of patients with health care-associated meningitis (HAM) and launch a survival analysis to screen mortality predictors.
Method
A retrospective cohort analysis containing more than 70000 patients was evaluated. Clinical and microbial epidemiology, therapy and mortality of HAM patients were reviewed. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were applied to achieve survival analysis.
Result
900 HAM patients from 3244 cases with cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) culture positivity were selected for epidemiology and survival analysis. The 90-day mortality was 12.4% (112 of 900) in people with HAM. Hypertension, external ventricular drainage (EVD), and lumbar drainage (LD) are mortality predictors for HAM, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.097 (95% C.I. 1.308–3.361, P = 0.002), 1.709 (95% C.I. 1.119–2.611, P = 0.013), and 1.614 (95% C.I. 1.083–2.405, P = 0.019). Reoperation was a factor favoring mortality, with an HR of 0.615 (95% C.I. 0.397–0.951, P = 0.029). In treatment, the outcome of patients receiving three or more antibiotic combinations is better than that of patients receiving dual-drug combinations.
Conclusion
The mortality of patients with HAM was relatively high, and the most important factors related to 90-days survival were hypertension, EVD and LD and treatment with three or more antibiotics are much better.
Free sugar intake and associated factors among Sri Lankan preschool children
Authors: Mututanthri Shanika , Thoradeniya Tharanga , Samaranayake Anil , Harris Rebecca 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Excessive free sugar intake tends to be associated with unpleasant health consequences, such as dental caries and unhealthy weight gain in children, as well as a number of noncommunicable diseases in adults. The WHO suggests that the best method for addressing these issues is to reduce free sugar consumption throughout life, in order to be successful, these measures should be implemented as early as possible. This makes the early formative years of preschool an important point for possible intervention. To confirm this, baseline information on current sugar intake levels is needed, as well as identification of factors associated with high levels of consumption.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka. The probability proportionate to size technique combined with cluster sampling was used to select a representative sample of 813 children aged 04-05-years from 82 preschools. We developed, and validated a quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess free sugar consumption. Data on correlated factors were collected from caregivers using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire.Results: Based on the data, the daily median (IQR) free sugar intake of preschool children was 57.9 (33.2-95.8) grams/day (approximately to 14.5 (8.3-23.9) teaspoons/day) or 21.1% (12.5%-34.9%) of their daily energy requirements. The WHO recommends limiting sugar intake to less than 5% of total energy intake; however, the current level is fourfold, and 96% of children consume higher percentage of energy from free sugar than recommended. In terms of total daily sugar consumption, bakery products accounted for 27%, followed by biscuits (15%), and table sugar (15%). Increasing maternal education level significantly reduced sugar intake (p=0.04). Children of other ethnicities ate more sugar than the Sinhala children (p= 0.01). There was higher sugar intake among those who ate while returning from preschool (p<0.001), while watching television (p<0.001), and those who had school-going siblings (p=0.02). Conclusion: Among preschool children, free sugar consumption levels were very high and most of the children consumed more sugar than is recommended; which warranted urgent actions to curb sugar intake among them.
Rail-to-Rail Input/Output Bulk Driven Class AB Operational Amplifier with Improved Composite Transistors (Invited paper)
Authors: Rodovalho Luis Henrique , Rodrigues Cesar , Aiello Orazio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This work presents two-stage single-ended Operational Transconductance Amplifiers (OTA) with very high voltage gain and rail-to-rail output voltage excursion. This is achieved by using Improved Composite Transistors (ICT) with safe forward-body-biasing, so the amplifier can be used with typical I/O supply voltages and high-VT thick-oxide transistors without significant parasitic substrate current. Two versions of the same OTA were designed and simulated using the open-source Skywater 130 nm PDK. The first version, made of only Trapezoidal Transistor Arrays (TTA), achieves an 83 dB voltage gain, 13.1 MHz GBW, and 60° phase margin for a 10 pF capacitive load while demanding 122.1 µW of power at 3.0 V power supply. The proposed ICT OTA version attains about the same specifications, except for its voltage gain, which has increased by 37 dB, thus reaching 121 dB.
Fast generation of simple directed social network graphs with reciprocal edges and high clustering
Authors: Schweimer Christoph 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Online social networks have emerged as useful tools to communicate or share information and news on a daily basis. One of the most popular networks is Twitter, where users connect to each other via directed follower relationships. Researchers have studied Twitter follower graphs and described them with various topological features. Collecting Twitter data, especially crawling the followers of users, is a tedious and time-consuming process and the data needs to be treated carefully due to its sensitive nature, containing personal user information. We therefore aim at the fast generation of synthetic directed social network graphs with reciprocal edges and high clustering. Our proposed method is based on a previously developed model, but relies on less hyper-parameters and has a significantly lower runtime. Results show that the method does not only replicate the crawled directed Twitter graphs well w.r.t. several topological features and the application of an epidemics spreading process, but that it is also highly scalable which allows the fast creation of bigger graphs that exhibit similar properties as real-world networks.
Low TINAGL1 expression is a marker for poor prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Kato Akiko , Kondo Naoto , Wanifuchi-Endo Yumi , Fujita Takashi , Asano Tomoko , Hisada Tomoka , Uemoto Yasuaki , Terada Mitsuo , Kato Hiroyuki , Komura Masayuki , Okuda Katsuhiro , Takahashi Satoru , Toyama Tatsuya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1) was reported to suppress tumor metastasis and growth in triple-negative (TN) breast cancer. We aimed to determine the associations of TINAGL1 expression with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in breast cancer patients with long-term follow-up.Methods: A total of 599 consecutive primary invasive breast cancer patients with available tissue specimens from surgery in our hospital were included in the study. TINAGL1 mRNA expression was examined in all 599 tissue specimens using a TaqMan real-time PCR system. TINAGL1 protein expression was further examined in 299 patients with available tissue specimens for immunohistochemical staining. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models.Results: The median follow-up period was 12.0 years. In the total patients, low TINAGL1 mRNA expression was associated with significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival than high expression (P=0.003 and P=0.01, respectively). Furthermore, hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer patients with low TINAGL1 mRNA expression had a worse prognosis. Multivariate analysis identified low TINAGL1 mRNA expression, combined with lymph node positivity, as an independent poor prognostic factor for DFS in invasive breast cancer patients (HR 1.41; 95% CI 1.02–1.96; P=0.036). TINAGL1 mRNA expression also varied with menopausal status, with low TINAGL1 mRNA expression being positively associated with poor prognosis in premenopausal patients, but not in postmenopausal patients.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that TINAGL1 may be a promising candidate biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer patients.
Simple Pose Based Graph Reasoning for Human Pose Estimation
Authors: Wang Jia , Luo Yanmin , Bai Guihu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the challenge of modeling the relations globally among different body joints. In this paper, we proposed a simple network based on graph reasoning for human pose estimation, which named SP-GRe. We introduce dilated convolution to construct a Dilated Bottleneck Module (DRM), which can enlarge the receptive field and exploit its feature extraction capability. Meanwhile, it can enhance the model’s local representations of each key point. In view of the potential advantages of graph-based propagation, we design a Global Graph Reasoning module (GGR) based on graph convolution. The module stores the explicit joints in the graph structure for global relationship reasoning. By aggregating the features of local joints and global graph nodes, GGR enables the accurate location of key points in the interaction between projection and back-projection. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior top-down pose estimation results on two benchmark datasets, MSCOCO and MPII. Moreover, SP-GRe demonstrates superior results on human pose estimation over popular human pose estimation networks.
IP-10 Enhances the Amplification Capacity and Antitumor Activity of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T Cells in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients Treated with CAR-T Cell Therapy
Authors: liu tianjiao , long xiaolu , zhang yuanyuan , jin jin , chen liting , liu aichun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has shown impressive outcomes in hematologic malignancies. However, many patients experience a limited response and tumour relapse because of poor expansion and transport. Fourth-generation CARs address some of the limitations of CAR-T-cell therapy, and cytokines are frequently included in fourth-generation CARs due to their importance in T-cell development and homeostasis. However, new explorations are still needed to provide more desirable possibilities. Here, we first analysed clinical data from 18 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who received immunotherapy with BCMA-CAR-T cells. The data showed that the basal serum level of IP-10 correlated with patient outcomes one year after CAR-T-cell therapy and that a higher basal serum level of IP-10 was positively associated with progression-free survival (PFS). Next, we performed in vitro experiments using flow cytometry-based assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and cytotoxicity assays. The data verified that IP-10 can effectively stimulate the chemotaxis of CD8+ CAR-T cells. In addition, CAR-T cells cultured in IP-10-supplemented medium had a greater proliferation ability and a more powerful ability to kill tumour cells at a higher effector: target ratio. Thus, our findings demonstrate that IP-10 can enhance the function of CAR-T cells, which has important implications for improving CAR-T-cell immunotherapy for haematologic malignancies.
Contributions of Green R&amp;D to Environmental Pollution Reduction in Developing Countries: Evidence from Iran
Authors: Zamany Arezoo , Khamseh Abbas , Khamseh Ali 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Global warming and climate change have been of great concern in recent decades. Given such concerns and the objectives of economic growth, the environmental impacts of economic activities have become challenging. Despite the high importance of research and development (R&D), their contributions to reducing environmental pollution have rarely been studied in the environmental economics literature. The present study sought to explore the effects of green R&D on environmental pollution reduction to fill this research gap. It was primarily hypothesized that green R&D could improve environmental quality and reduce environmental pollution; however, observing such contributions in different countries at different development levels would require further case studies. This study reviewed relevant theoretical foundations and extracted a conceptual model using structural equation modeling (SEM) in AMOS. Then the effects of green R&D on environmental pollution in Iran were estimated. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. To this end, 269 green R&D activists participated in the study. The findings revealed that green R&D with five major components (i.e., green intellectual capital, green ideas, green design, green investment, and rules and standards) had a significant effect on reducing environmental pollution at a confidence level of 99%. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the development of green R&D may be associated with desirable economic and environmental outcomes.
Real world data on IO-based therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Stühler Viktoria , Herrmann Lisa , Rausch Steffen , Stenzl Arnulf , Bedke Jens 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Immune-based (IO)-combinations are the backbone in the systemic therapy of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Despite phase III clinical trial data, real world data are of special importance to reflect clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective study included 201 mRCC patients receiving first-line systemic therapy from January 2006. Clinicopathological and treatment-related data were recorded. Progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Over the years, IO-based therapies have increased significantly. The collective comprises 76 patients with first-line IO-based therapy (IO-IO:55, TKI-IO:21) and 125 patients with TKI-monotherapy. PFS was significantly improved with TKI-IO combinations if compared to both TKI-monotherapy (23.9 vs. 10.3 months, HR 0.48, p=0.034) and IO-IO combination (23.9 vs. 6.1 months, HR 0.37, p=0.012). OS for TKI-IO treated patients was longer compared to TKI-monotherapy (HR 0.37, p=0.050) at median follow-up of 24.1 versus 29.9 months. In a subanalysis of nivolumab treated patients, starting from second-line (n=40), PFS was 5.5 months. The addition of nivolumab either in second-or later lines improved OS compared to repeated TKI- or mTOR-therapies alone (6.13 vs. 2.61 years, HR 0.46, p=0.003). Conclusion: Both first-line IO-based combinations and nivolumab after first-line TKI-monotherapy prolong OS in a real-world setting.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of different factors on the heat conduction properties of two-dimensional carbon-based nanostructured materials
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the properties of nanoscale thermal transport in graphene. The effects of crystal length and edge states on the thermal conductivity of graphene were investigated. The thermal conductivity of carbon-based nanostructured materials was determined to understand the characteristics of thermal transport in the nanostructured materials. The objective is to gain insight into the fundamental characteristics of thermal transport in graphene. Particular emphasis is placed on the dependence of crystal length and edge states on the thermal conductivity of graphene, with an attempt to improve the heat conduction properties for carbon-based nanostructured materials. The results indicated that phonons are derived from the crystal lattice. The crystal length is the primary factor affecting the thermal conductivity of graphene. The edge termination state has little effect on the thermal conductivity, since there is little difference in thermal conductivity between two-dimensional zigzag-edged and armchair-edged crystals. The difference in thermal conductivity is insignificant between zigzag-edged and armchair-edged crystals. However, the thermal conductivity of the two-dimensional crystal depends strongly upon the crystal length. There is a significant effect of crystal length on the thermal conductivity. Phonon-boundary scattering instead of phonon-phonon Umklapp scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism. Excess small crystals can block phonons, causing a decrease in the thermal conductivity.
Degradation performance of high-concentration coking wastewater by manganese oxide ore acidic oxidation
Authors: Kang Jinxing , Liu Zhiguo , Yu Chen , Wang Yayun , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The degradation of coking wastewater using a manganese oxide ore acidic oxidation was investigated. This work was performed in three stages. Firstly, the advantageous degradation conditions were measured by the degradation tests, and under the optimal conditions percentage degradation was obtained of 91.6% chemical oxygen demand measured by potassium dichromate oxidation (CODcr), 94.7% total nitrogen (TN), 98.3% phenols, 98.2% fatty acid, 89.5% tar, and 98.9% sulphide for the oxidized effluent, simultaneously cogenerating a Mn2+concentration of 46.2 g/L for Mn-electrolytic stock solution. Secondly, the transformation analysis of the special chemical group of coking wastewater contaminants illustrated that the employment of manganese oxide ore generated the degradation of low and high molecular weight organics, especially causing polymers to break down into oligomers. Thirdly, the electrochemical characteristics of the interface between wastewater and ore revealed that the contaminant degradation of coking wastewater greatly depended on the oxidation capacity of the surface oxide species, involving a simple answer to the MnO2 oxidation for small-molecule organic materials and a strengthening response to the MnO·OH oxidation for high-weight molecule organic substances. The treatment of coking wastewater using the Mn-oxide ore acidic oxidation process is an effective and value-added method, which is particularly applicable to high-concentration coking wastewater.
Cloning, Sequencing, Expression and Characterization of the Gene Encoding the 3- Phosphoglycerate Kinase- Triosephosphate Isomerase Fusionprotein from Thermotoga Maritima
Authors: Beaucamp Nicola , Ostendorp Ralf , Schurig Hartmut , Jaenicke Rainer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The gene encoding 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritima has been cloned in E.coli. The gene consists of two overlapping open reading frames. In E.coli, as in Thermotoga maritima, two proteins with corresponding N­ termini are expressed from this gene: a monomeric 43 kDa protein (PGK) and a tetrameric fusionprotein (PGKfus) of 280 kDa. The fusion protein reveals PGK and TIM activity and is synthesized as the result of a
(-1)- frameshift. The nucleotide sequence was confirmed and the fusion protein was expressed and characterized. The recombinant enzymes are authenthic to those in Thermotoga maritima.