bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species-informative SNP markers for characterising freshwater prawns of genus Macrobrachium in Cameroon
Authors: Makombu Judith G. , Cheruiyot Evans K. , Stomeo Francesca , Thuo David N. , Oben Pius M. , Oben Benedicta O. , Zango Paul , Mialhe Eric , Ngueguim Jules Romain , Mujibi Fidalis D. N. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) are now popular for a myriad of applications in animal and plant species including, ancestry assignment, conservation genetics, breeding, and traceability of animal products. The objective of this study was to develop a customized cost-effective SNP panel for genetic characterisation of Macrobrachium species in Cameroon. The SNPs identified in a previous characterization study were screened as viable candidates for the reduced panel. Starting from a full set of 1,814 SNPs, a total of 72 core SNPs were chosen using conventional approaches: a) allele frequency differentials, minor allele frequency (MAF) profiles, and Wright’s Fst statistics. The discriminatory power of reduced set of informative SNPs were then tested using the admixture analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). The panel of prioritised SNP markers (i.e., N = 72 SNPs) distinguished Macrobrachium species with 100% accuracy. However, large sample size is needed to identify more informative SNPs for discriminating genetically closely related species, including M. macrobrachion versus M. vollenhovenii and M. sollaudii versus M. dux. Overall, the findings in this study show that we can accurately characterise Macrobrachium using a small set of core SNPs which could be useful for commercial breeding operations, conservation, and species assignment of this economically important species in Cameroon. Given the results obtained in this study, a larger independent validation sample set will be needed to confirm the discriminative capacity of this SNP panel for wider commercial and research applications.
Single cell profiling reveals functional heterogeneity and serial killing in human peripheral and ex vivo-generated CD34+ progenitor derived Natural Killer cells
Authors: Subedi Nikita , Verhagen Liesbeth Petronella , de Jonge Paul , Van Eyndhoven Laura , van Turnhout Mark C. , Koomen Vera , Baudry Jean , Eyer Klaus , Dolstra Harry , Tel Jurjen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggest that Natural killer (NK) cells are composed of distinct functional subsets. This multi-functional role displayed by NK cells have made them an attractive choice for anti-cancer immunotherapy. A functional NK cell repertoire is generated through cellular education, resulting in heterogeneous NK cell population with distinct capabilities to respond to different stimuli. The application of a high-throughput droplet-based microfluidic platform allows monitoring of NK cell-target cell interactions at single-cell level and in real-time. Through fluorescence-based screening of around 80,000 droplets, with different Effector:Target ratios, a fully automated image analysis allows for the assessment of individual killing events in each droplet over time. We observed a variable response of single NK cells towards different target cells and identified a distinct population of NK cells capable of inducing multiple target lysis, coined as serial killers. To meet the increasing clinical demand for NK cells several sources, such as umbilical cord blood (UCB), have successfully been explored. By assessing the cytotoxic dynamics, we showed that single UCB-derived CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor (HPC)-NK cells display superior anti-tumor cytotoxicity. Additionally, with an integrated analysis of cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion we showed that target cell interactions augmented cytotoxic as well as secretory behavior of NK cells. By providing an in-depth assessment over NK cell functions, this study provides crucial information on diversity and functional characteristics of peripheral blood NK cells and ex vivo-generated HPC-NK cells to develop and improve of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
Evolutionary conserved aspects of animal nutrient uptake and transport in sea anemone vitellogenesis
Authors: Lebouvier Marion , Miramón-Puértolas Paula , Steinmetz Patrick R. H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVitellogenesis, the accumulation of egg yolk, relies on the transport of dietary nutrients from the gut to the ovary through the circulatory system in many bilaterians (e.g. vertebrates, arthropods). How these dietary nutrients and yolk precursors are absorbed and transported in cnidarians (e.g. corals, sea anemones, jellyfish), which are bi-layered and lack a circulatory system, is however only poorly understood. Here, we studied the tissues and molecules that facilitate the uptake and transport of dietary nutrients, especially lipids, towards the oocytes in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis to better understand the evolution of systemic nutrient transport in animals. We identified the somatic gonad epithelium as one of several gastrodermal tissues specialized in phagocytosis, micropinocytosis and intracellular digestion. We showed more specifically that dietary fatty acids are absorbed by the ApolipoproteinB- and Vitellogenin-expressing somatic gonad epithelium. Their subsequent, rapid transport into the extracellular matrix (ECM) and endocytosis into oocytes is likely mediated by an evolutionary conserved Vitellogenin (Vtg)-Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (VLDLR) ligand/receptor pair. We propose that ECM-based, Vtg/VLDLR-mediated lipoprotein transport during vitellogenesis predates the cnidarian-bilaterian split and provided a mechanistic basis to evolve sophisticated circulatory systems in bilaterians.
Lysophosphatidic acid, a CSF marker in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus that drives CSF accumulation via TRPV4-induced hyperactivation of NKCC1
Authors: Toft-Bertelsen Trine Lisberg , Barbuskaite Dagne , Heerfordt Eva Kjer , Lolansen Sara Diana , Andreassen Søren Norge , Rostgaard Nina , Olsen Markus Harboe , Norager Nicolas H. , Capion Tenna , Rath Martin Fredensborg , Juhler Marianne , MacAulay Nanna 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTA range of neurological pathologies can cause secondary hydrocephalus. For decades, treatment has been limited to surgical CSF diversion, as still no pharmacological options exist due to the elusive molecular nature of the CSF secretion apparatus and its regulatory properties. We have now identified phospholipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) as a biomarker for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and mimicked our results in an animal model of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Intraventricular administration of LPA caused elevated brain water content and ventriculomegaly in experimental rats, via its action as an agonist of the choroidal transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel. TRPV4 was revealed as a novel regulator of ICP in experimental rats via its ability to modulate the CSF secretion rate through its direct activation of the Na+, K+, 2Cl- cotransporter (NKCC1) implicated in CSF secretion. Together, our data reveal that a biomarker present in brain pathologies with hemorrhagic events promotes CSF hypersecretion and ensuing brain water accumulation via its direct action on TRPV4 and its downstream regulation of NKCC1. TRPV4 may therefore be a promising future pharmacological target for pathologies involving disturbed brain fluid dynamics.
The central clock suffices to drive the majority of circulatory metabolic rhythms
Authors: Petrus Paul , Smith Jacob G. , Koronowski Kevin B. , Chen Siwei , Sato Tomoki , Greco Carolina M. , Mortimer Thomas , Welz Patrick-Simon , Zinna Valentina , Shimaji Kohei , Cervantes Marlene , Baldi Pierre , Muñoz-Cánoves Pura , Sassone-Corsi Paolo , Benitah Salvador Aznar 
Published: January 2022

SummaryLife on Earth anticipates recurring 24-h environmental cycles via genetically-encoded molecular clocks active in all mammalian organs. Communication between these clocks is believed to control circadian homeostasis. Metabolism can be considered a form of inter- tissue communication language that results in temporal coordination of systemic metabolism between tissues. Here we characterize the extent to which clocks in different organs employ this means of communication, an area which remains largely unexplored. For this, we analysed the metabolome of serum from mice with tissue-specific expression of the clock gene Bmal1. Notably, having functional hepatic and muscle clocks can only drive a minority (13%) of the oscillating metabolites in circulation. Conversely, limiting Bmal1 expression to Syt10- expressing neurons (which are enriched in the suprachiasmatic nucleus [SCN], the master pacemaker that regulates circadian rhythms) restores rhythms to 57% of circulatory metabolites and 28% of liver transcripts, and rescues glucose intolerance. Importantly, these parameters were also restored in clock-less mice upon rhythmic feeding, indicating that the central clock mainly regulates metabolic rhythms via behavior. These findings explicate the circadian communication between tissues and highlight the importance of the central clock in governing those signals.
Multilevel Development of Cognitive Abilities in an Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Volzhenin Konstantin , Changeux Jean-Pierre , Dumas Guillaume 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSeveral neuronal mechanisms have been proposed to account for the formation of cognitive abilities through postnatal interactions with the physical and socio-cultural environment. Here, we introduce a three-level computational model of information processing and acquisition of cognitive abilities. We propose minimal architectural requirements to build these levels and how the parameters affect their performance and relationships. The first sensorimotor level handles local nonconscious processing, here during a visual classification task. The second level or cognitive level globally integrates the information from multiple local processors via long-ranged connections and synthesizes it in a global, but still nonconscious manner. The third and cognitively highest level handles the information globally and consciously. It is based on the Global Neuronal Workspace (GNW) theory and is referred to as conscious level. We use trace and delay conditioning tasks to, respectively, challenge the second and third levels. Results first highlight the necessity of epigenesis through selection and stabilization of synapses at both local and global scales to allow the network to solve the first two tasks. At the global scale, dopamine appears necessary to properly provide credit assignment despite the temporal delay between perception and reward. At the third level, the presence of interneurons becomes necessary to maintain a self-sustained representation within the GNW in the absence of sensory input. Finally, while balanced spontaneous intrinsic activity facilitates epigenesis at both local and global scales, the balanced excitatory-inhibitory ratio increases performance. Finally, we discuss the plausibility of the model in both neurodevelopmental and artificial intelligence terms.
DciA helicase operators exhibit diversity across bacterial phyla
Authors: Blaine Helen C. , Burke Joseph T. , Ravi Janani , Stallings Christina L. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTA fundamental requirement for life is the replication of an organism’s DNA. Studies inEscherichia coliandBacillus subtilishave set the paradigm for DNA replication in bacteria. During replication initiation inE. coliandB. subtilis, the replicative helicase is loaded onto the DNA at the origin of replication by an ATPase helicase loader. However, most bacteria do not encode homologs to the helicase loaders inE. coliandB. subtilis. Recent work has identified the DciA protein as a predicted helicase operator that may perform a function analogous to the helicase loaders inE. coliandB. subtilis. DciA proteins, which are defined by the presence of a DUF721 domain (termed the DciA domain herein), are conserved in most bacteria but have only been studied in mycobacteria and γ-proteobacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosaandVibrio cholerae). Sequences outside of the DciA domain inMycobacterium tuberculosisDciA are essential for protein function but are not conserved in theP. aeruginosaandV. choleraehomologs, raising questions regarding the conservation and evolution of DciA proteins across bacterial phyla. To comprehensively define the DciA protein family, we took a computational evolutionary approach and analyzed domain architectures and sequence properties of DciA-domain containing proteins across the tree of life. These analyses identified lineage-specific domain architectures amongst DciA homologs as well as broadly conserved sequence-structural motifs. The diversity of DciA proteins represents the evolution of helicase operation in bacterial DNA replication and highlights the need for phylum-specific analyses of this fundamental biological process.IMPORTANCEDespite the fundamental importance of DNA replication for life, this process remains understudied in bacteria outside ofEscherichia coliandBacillus subtilis. In particular, most bacteria do not encode the helicase loading proteins that are essential inE. coliandB. subtilisfor DNA replication. Instead, most bacteria encode a DciA homolog that likely constitutes the predominant mechanism of helicase operation in bacteria. However, it is still unknown how DciA structure and function compare across diverse phyla that encode DciA proteins. In this study, we perform computational evolutionary analyses to uncover tremendous diversity amongst DciA homologs. These studies provide a significant advance in our understanding of an essential component of the bacterial DNA replication machinery.
Impaired glutamate reuptake induces synaptic mistuning in rat hippocampal slices, that can be counteracted by ketamine
Authors: Juarez Erika Vazquez , Srivastava Ipsit , Lindskog Maria 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMistuning of synaptic transmission has been proposed to underlie many psychiatric disorders, with decreased reuptake of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate as one contributing factor. Synaptic tuning occurs through several diverging and converging forms of plasticity. By recording evoked field postsynaptic potentials in the CA1 area in hippocampal slices, we found that inhibiting glutamate transporters using DL-TBOA causes retuning of synaptic transmission, resulting in a new steady state with reduced synaptic strength and a lower threshold for inducing long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP). Moreover, we also found reduced threshold for LTP in a rat model of depression that has decreased levels of glutamate transporters. Most importantly, we found that the antidepressant ketamine counteracts the effects of increased glutamate on the various steps involved in synaptic retuning. We therefore propose that ketamine’s mechanism of action as an antidepressant is to restore adequate synaptic tuning.
Accountability and governance in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals in a developing country context: evidence from Tanzania
Authors: Lauwo Sarah George , Azure John De-Clerk , Hopper Trevor 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThis paper examines the accountability and governance mechanisms and the challenges in a multi-stakeholder partnership seeking to implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a developing country (DC), namely Tanzania.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on work on the shift from government to governance to meta-governance to examine the SDGs framework's governance regime. The data stems from documentation, focussed group discussions and face-to-face interviews with key stakeholders involved in the localisation of SDGs in Tanzania.FindingsDespite the emphasis given by promoters of SDGs on the need for multi-stakeholder engagement, and network and market-based governance, Tanzania's hierarchical governance framed in national legislations dominated the localisation of the SDGs. The national-level meta-governance structures were somewhat dysfunctional, partly due to a lack of well-designed coordination mechanisms for collaborative engagement with key stakeholders. The limited involvement of different meta-governors, and particularly network and market-based governance arrangements, has had severe implications for achieving the SDGs in DCs in general and Tanzania, in particular.Practical implicationsThe paper calls for a more explicit SDG policy and strategy, alongside strengthening institutional structures and related governance arrangements in Tanzania, to promote the realisation of the SDGs. For the SDGs framework to succeed, the authors suggest that, in addition to adopting SDG friendly policies, the Tanzanian government should devise plans for financial resources, strategies for empowering and engaging with key stakeholders and promote an integrative governance system that underpins accountability at the local level.Originality/valueFocussing on Tanzania, the paper sheds light on how context in DCs, interactions between state and non-state actors, modes of governance and accountability mechanisms shape the localisation of SDGs and realising the SDGs' agenda. The implementation in Tanzania focussed on priorities in the development plan, thereby neglecting some important SDGs. This raises doubts about the possibility of meeting the SDGs by 2030. The localisation of SDGs remained within the top-down governance structure, as Tanzania's government failed to enact the policy and strategy for multi-stakeholder partnership consistent with the SDGs' principle of “leave no-one behind”. Consequently, meta-governors' efforts and ability to monitor and demand accountability from the government was constrained by the political context, the governance system and regulations enacted to side-line them.
Air crews’ mindfulness experiences: destination memories
Authors: Dutt Christopher S. , Ninov Ivan , Ninov Vida 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
Airlines play a significant role in the international tourism system, yet research on airlines, notably air crew, is scant. Given the frequency with which air crew travel to destinations, understanding of their memories and experiences can have significant insights for destination marketing and management. Destination marketers could look at using air crew as marketing mediums or as potential customers. This study aims to understand the memories and experiences of air crew in destinations and the factors that influence them.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methods survey was designed and distributed to 236 air crew of a Middle Eastern airline to explore what they remembered of destinations they visited what helped and hindered their ability to remember. The survey also assessed participants self-reported degree of mindfulness.

Findings
Results suggested that air crew determined themselves as mindful and had strong memories of the destination. Several notable hindrances were reported relating to their job; fatigue, short layovers and number of flights.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation of the study is the relatively limited depth with which participants described their experiences. The results from the study add insight to tourism businesses and governments for considering air crew or leveraging air crew as marketing mediums. The generalisability and applicability of mindfulness in other contexts have been offered.

Originality/value
Little research has explored the experiences or memories of air crew nor the relation of mindfulness to service providers. This research is among the first to address this gap to add theoretical and practical insight to this area.
Value co-creation and new product development success: the moderating effect of structural empowerment
Authors: Wu Dong , Liu Tanfei , Wu Fei , Bai Wenxiao , Lin Xinyi 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to represent an empirical study of what role does structural empowerment play in the relationship between multi-stakeholder value co-creation (VCC) and the success of new product development (NPD).

Design/methodology/approach
The hypotheses developed in this paper are tested by using data from 243 manufacturing companies worldwide.

Findings
The results show that the VCC activities have significant positive effects on NPD success, and structural empowerment moderates the impact of VCC activities on NPD success, but the moderating effect is not significant for customer involvement.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the research of VCC and discusses the positive role of structural empowerment to enhance the impact of VCC activities on NPD success.
Are undergraduate students good proxies for HRM professionals? A comparison of responses in a hiring decision study
Authors: Clarke Heather M. , Arnold Kara A. 
Published: January 2022

PurposeThere is a dearth of human resource management (HRM) literature examining the generalizability of research employing undergraduate student participants. The purpose of this study is to conduct an experiment to compare the job applicant evaluations and hiring decisions of undergraduate student participants with those of working adults with hiring experience.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a between-person 2 × 2 × 4 experimental design: participant group (undergraduate students or working adults with hiring experience) × job gender-type (male typed or female typed) × job applicant (heterosexual female, lesbian female, heterosexual male or gay male). Participants read descriptions of a job and a job applicant and then evaluated the applicant.FindingsThe results supported a moderated mediation model where participant group moderated the interaction of applicant gender and job gender-type in predicting perceptions of competence, which in turn predicted perceptions of person-job fit, likeability and respect-worthiness, which then predicted hiring decisions. Undergraduate student participants, but not working adults with hiring experience, evaluated female applicants applying for a male-typed job in a manner consistent with gender stereotypes and were less likely to hire the female applicant than the male applicant.Originality/valueTo inform HRM practice, research must reflect real-world decision-making. The literature on the roles of gender stereotypes and bias in hiring, and other important HRM decisions, relies heavily on undergraduate student participants. Findings of this study suggest a need to further examine whether those studies can be generalized to working adults actually making those decisions.