bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Performance of Laser‐Structured Copper Electrodes Towards Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Furfural
Authors: Munirathinam Balakrishnan , Lerch Lukas , Hüne Dorian , Lentz Lukas , Lenk Thorben , Görke Marion , Garnweitner Georg , Schlüter Nicolas , Kubannek Fabian , Schröder Daniel , Gimpel Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrocatalytic hydrogenation (ECH) of biomass derived compounds is an emerging technology for the production of biofuels. Herein, the ECH of furfural was investigated systematically on femtosecond laser‐structured copper electrodes, amending the work on commonly used bulk copper electrodes or electrodeposits. Laser‐structuring was used to vary the amount of active sites and the crystallographic orientation on the copper electrodes (evidenced with scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction), and to achieve nickel alloying with the structured copper surface. We showed that the production rate and the Faradaic efficiency for furfural ECH on both Cu (111) and Ni‐alloyed Cu were substantially increased. This improvement was ascribed to more catalytic sites offered for hydrogen and interactions of furanic intermediates. Moreover, the Ni‐alloyed Cu electrode enabled the stable production of 2‐methylfuran even at large overpotentials. The mechanistic insights gained could open up new pathways to produce sustainable biofuel candidates with more stable electrodes.
The diagnostic utility of trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 immunohistochemistry for metastatic breast carcinoma in effusion cytology specimens
Authors: Chen Chih‐Jung , Hang Jen‐Fan , Chen Yun‐An , Lin Shu‐Jiuan , Chiu Hung‐Ming , Hsu Chih‐Yi , Lai Chiung‐Ru , Yang Chi‐Shun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTrichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) is a novel immunohistochemical marker with excellent performance in distinguishing breast carcinoma from other cancers in surgical specimens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of TRPS1 compared with GATA3 for metastatic breast carcinoma in effusion cytology specimens.MethodsIn total, 91 cell blocks of malignant effusion specimens, including 47 metastatic breast carcinomas (nine triple‐negative breast carcinomas [TNBCs] and 38 non‐TNBCs) and 44 nonmammary malignancies, were selected for TRPS1 and GATA3 immunohistochemistry. Modified H scores ≥ 200 were considered positive staining.ResultsThe positive rate of TRPS1 was similar between TNBC and non‐TNBC (77.8% vs 73.3%, p = .802), whereas the positive rate of GATA3 was lower in TNBC than in non‐TNBC (66.7% vs 89.5%, p = .087). The positive rate of TRPS1 was significantly higher in breast carcinoma than in urothelial carcinoma (74.5% vs 0%, p < .001), whereas the positive rate of GATA3 showed no difference between these two (85.1% vs 85.7%, p = .956). Notably, diffuse and strong aberrant expression of TRPS1 was observed in one lung adenocarcinoma and one serous adenocarcinoma in this series. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of TRPS1 immunohistochemistry for breast carcinoma were 74.5%, 95.5%, 94.6%, and 77.8%, respectively.ConclusionTRPS1 is a sensitive and specific marker for metastatic breast cancer in serous effusion cell‐block specimens. It shows superior sensitivity and specificity compared with GATA3, especially in the TNBC setting and for excluding urothelial carcinoma.
Cytopathological assessment is an accurate method for identifying immunophenotypic features and BRCA1/2 mutations of high‐grade serous carcinoma from ascites
Authors: Miceska Simona , Škof Erik , Novaković Srdjan , Stegel Vida , Jeričević Anja , Grčar Kuzmanov Biljana , Smrkolj Špela , Cvjetičanin Branko , Bebar Sonja , Globočnik Kukovica Marta , Kloboves‐Prevodnik Veronika 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and aggressive type of ovarian cancer, and it is often associated with ascites at presentation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of cytopathology to identify immunophenotypic features of HGSC and BRCA1/2 mutations from ascites.MethodsThe study included 45 patients with histologically confirmed primary HGSC and malignant ascites. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) staining for PAX8, WT1, P53, P16, and Ki‐67 was performed on cytospins and cytoblocks prepared from ascites. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was used to detect germline/somatic BRCA1/2 mutations in the ascites. Both ICC and NGS results were compared with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and NGS results from tissue blocks of primary tumor. Cronbach α and χ2 statistics, respectively, were used.ResultsICC/IHC results for PAX8, WT1, P53, and P16 showed good reliability between cytospins, cytoblocks, and tissue blocks (α > 0.75), whereas poor reliability and significant differences were observed for Ki‐67 between ascites and tissue blocks (α < 0.26; p < .001 [Kruskal–Wallis]). For germline BRCA1/2 mutations, 100% concordance was confirmed, but only 14% concordance was confirmed for somatic mutations.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that cytopathology is an accurate method for identifying immunophenotypic features of HGSC and detecting germline BRCA1/2 mutations from ascites. However, further investigation is required for assessing the proliferation activity of HGSC in ascites and for detecting somatic BRCA1/2 mutations.
Properties and estimation approaches of the odd JCA family with applications
Authors: Iqbal Tariq , Alfaer Nada M. , Tahir Muhammad H. , Aljohani Hassan M. , Jamal Farrukh , Afify Ahmed Z. 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this article, we study a new generator of distributions called the odd JCA‐G family. We determine the main mathematical properties of the new family. Some special submodels of the odd JCA‐G family are presented. The special models of the JCA‐G family have tractable densities shapes which possess various kinds of asymmetric, reversed‐J, left‐skewed, right‐skewed, symmetrical shapes. Furthermore, special submodels exhibit flexible hazard rate shapes. Additionally, the parameters of the odd JCA Burr‐XII model are estimated using some classical estimation approaches. The performance and efficiency of these approaches are explored via numerical simulations. The applicability of the odd JCA‐G family is illustrated by fitting two real‐life datasets. The data analysis shows that the odd JCA Burr‐XII model outperforms some well‐known distributions for the selected data.
New negative‐grounded capacitance multiplier circuits
Authors: Raj Ajishek , Bhaskar Data Ram , Shrivastava Meghana , Kumar Pragati 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this communication, three new negative‐grounded capacitance multiplier (NGCM) circuits employing a single current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA), two resistors, and a grounded capacitor (which is most suitable for parasitic absorption and also IC implementation point of view) are investigated. No matching constraints are required for any of the proposed circuit realizations. Out of the three proposed circuits, multiplication factor of one of the capacitance multiplier can be controlled electronically as the controlling resistor is grounded, which can easily be replaced by a voltage‐controlled resistor (VCR). Error analysis of the proposed NGCMs has been carried out, and the results have been compared with those obtained from ideal analysis. To substantiate the feasibility of the proposed circuits, macro model of CFOA has been used, and the simulations have been performed in Personal Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (PSPICE). Simulation results for frequency analysis, Monte‐Carlo analysis, and temperature analysis have been included for the theoretical justification. Noise analysis and power supply rejection ratio analysis have also been carried out for the proposed circuits. The multiplication factors of the proposed NGCMs have been obtained up to a maximum value of 2001. The impedance and phase of the proposed NGCM structures are insensitive with temperature. The functionality of the proposed structures has also been validated experimentally using commercially available IC AD844‐type CFOA.
Dynamics of dust particles in the glow discharge stratum in crossed E × B field
Authors: Abdirakhmanov Assan R. , Kodanova Sandugash K. , Ramazanov Tlekkabul S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this work, the dynamic behaviour of micron‐sized dust particles suspended in the glow discharge stratum at low pressure in the crossed magnetic and electric fields was experimentally studied. The observations showed that the dust particles move in the direction opposite to the ExB drift with increasing magnetic field induction. When the magnetic field induction reaches a threshold point (B > 10 mT), the dust particles begin to rotate, forming pair of counter‐rotating vortex in the horizontal plane. It was also found that the shape of the dust structures changes from a disk shape to an ellipsoid shape. The dynamic behaviour of the dust vortices was analysed using the PIV (particle image velocimetry) method. The quantitative explanation of the generation of the co‐vortex rotation observed in the experiment was explained on the basis of the charge gradient of the dust particles, which was orthogonal to the ion drag force.
Longitudinal CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarker changes from middle age to late adulthood
Authors: Pettigrew Corinne , Soldan Anja , Wang Jiangxia , Wang Mei‐Cheng , Greenberg Barry , Albert Marilyn , Moghekar Abhay ,   the BIOCARD Research Team
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe examined longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker changes among cognitively normal individuals with 10.7 years follow‐up, on average.MethodsAnalyses included 278 participants (M age = 57.5 years); 94 have progressed from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Amyloid beta (Aβ)42/Aβ40, phosphorylated tau181 (p‐tau181), and total tau (t‐tau) were measured using automated electrochemiluminescence assays.ResultsApolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers had lower baseline Aβ42/Aβ40, but longitudinal Aβ42/Aβ40 decreases did not differ by APOE ε4 after accounting for Aβ42/Aβ40 positivity. Lower baseline Aβ42/Aβ40 was associated with greater increases in tau (more strongly in males), and APOE ε4 genotype was associated with greater tau increases after reaching Aβ42/Aβ40 positivity. Participants who progressed to MCI had more abnormal biomarker levels and greater tau increases prior to MCI symptom onset. Biomarkers were more abnormal among older adults, but unrelated to sex or education.DiscussionOur results confirm accelerated biomarker changes during preclinical AD and highlight the important role of amyloid levels in tau accelerations.
Quantifying and linking mechanism scenarios to invasive species impact
Authors: Cadotte Marc William 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlant species invasion represents one of the major drivers of biodiversity change globally, yet there is confusion about the nature of nonindigenous species (NIS) impact. This confusion stems from differing notions of what constitutes invasive species impact and the scales at which it should be assessed. At local scales, the mechanisms of the impact on local competitors can be classified into four scenarios: (1) minimal impact from NIS inhabiting unique niches; (2) neutral impact spread across the community and proportional to NIS abundance; (3) targeted impact on a small number of competitors with overlapping niches; and (4) pervasive impact that is disproportionate to NIS abundance and caused by modifications that filter out other species. I developed a statistical test to distinguish these four mechanism scenarios based on plant community rank‐abundance curves and then created a scale‐independent standardized impact score. Using an example long‐term dataset with high native plant diversity and an abundance gradient of the invasive vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, I show that the impact resulted in either targeted or pervasive extirpations. Regardless of whether the NIS impact is neutral, targeted, or pervasive, the net outcome will be the homogenization of ecosystems and reduced biodiversity at larger scales, perhaps reducing ecosystem resilience. The framework and statistical evaluation of impact presented in this paper provide researchers and managers with an objective approach to quantifying NIS impact and prioritizing species for further management actions.
Dry–wet seasonal variations of microbially mediated carbon metabolism in soils of a floodplain lake
Authors: Liu Yajun , Wen Zhan , He Mengjie , Wang Binhua , Kong Zhaoyu , Mou Xiaozhen , Wu Lan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSeasonal water level fluctuations in floodplain lakes are known to alter carbon transport, yet it is unclear how such changes affect microbially mediated carbon metabolism. Poyang Lake is a typical floodplain lake linked to the Yangtze River and is significantly affected by water level fluctuations. In this study, we examined the differences of soil organic matter (SOM) properties, bacterial communities and carbon metabolic functions between dry (March) and wet (August) seasons in lake centre, delta and floodplain from Poyang Lake. Generally, the SOM properties (quantity and quality) and microbially mediated carbon metabolism in the three types of sampling areas have undergone greater changes from dry to wet season than bacterial community. Structural equation modelling and variation partition analysis indicated that SOM properties contributed more in shaping the carbon metabolism of microorganisms than bacterial community structures, especially in lake centre. Dry–wet seasonal changes of microbially mediated carbon metabolism in lake centre were mainly affected by amide C=O1650 and aliphatic C‐H2850, 2924, while the delta and floodplain were mainly affected by aromatic C‐O1234. Furthermore, we also found that bacterial community composition could better explain the effects of seasonal hydrology on carbon metabolism, rather than the diversity and assembly processes. We highlight that studies on tightly coupled changes in SOM and microbially mediated carbon metabolism can enhance the understanding of soil carbon dynamics across the floodplain lake.
People, infrastructure, and data: A pathway to an inclusive and diverse ecological network of networks
Authors: SanClements Michael D. , Record Sydne , Rose Kevin C. , Donnelly Alison , Chong Steven S. , Duffy Katharyn , Hallmark Alesia , Heffernan James B. , Liu Jianguo , Mitchell Jessica J. , Moore David J. P. , Naithani Kusum , O'Reilly Catherine M. , Sokol Eric R. , Stack Whitney Kaitlin , Weintraub‐Leff Samantha R. , Yang Di 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMacrosystem‐scale research is supported by many ecological networks of people, infrastructure, and data. However, no network is sufficient to address all macrosystems ecology research questions, and there is much to be gained by conducting research and sharing resources across multiple networks. Unfortunately, conducting macrosystem research across networks is challenging due to the diversity of expertise and skills required, as well as issues related to data discoverability, veracity, and interoperability. The ecological and environmental science community could substantially benefit from networking existing networks to leverage past research investments and spur new collaborations. Here, we describe the need for a “network of networks” (NoN) approach to macrosystems ecological research and articulate both the challenges and potential benefits associated with such an effort. We describe the challenges brought by rapid increases in the volume, velocity, and variety of “big data” ecology and highlight how a NoN could build on the successes and creativity within component networks, while also recognizing and improving upon past failures. We argue that a NoN approach requires careful planning to ensure that it is accessible and inclusive, incorporates multimodal communications and ways to interact, supports the creation, testing, and promulgation of community standards, and ensures individuals and groups receive appropriate credit for their contributions. Additionally, a NoN must recognize important trade‐offs in network architecture, including how the degree of centralization of people, infrastructure, and data influence network scalability and creativity. If implemented carefully and thoughtfully, a NoN has the potential to substantially advance our understanding of ecological processes, characteristics, and trajectories across broad spatial and temporal scales in an efficient, inclusive, and equitable manner.
Extraction of Oil from Roman Nettle Seed by Cold Press and Evaluation of its Quality during Storage
Authors: Siabi Shahla , Torbati Mohammadali , Azadmard‐Damirchi Sodeif , Naebi Maryam , Savage Geoffrey P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRoman nettle (Urtica pilulifera L.) is an annual plant whose seeds are rich in oil and valuable phytochemicals. In this study, oil from Roman nettle seeds is extracted by cold pressing and its quality is evaluated during storage at room temperature for up to 90 days. The seed moisture content is adjusted to 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% (g 100 g−1) to evaluate its effect on oil extraction yield. The highest oil yield (31.5%) is found in the seeds containing 5% moisture. Acid and peroxide values increase with both moisture content increase and during storage. Moreover, an increase in seed moisture content decreases the oxidative stability (from 8.1 to 6.3 h), carotenoids (from 25 to 14 mg kg−1), chlorophylls (from 742 to 486 mg kg−1), and phenolic contents (from 134 to 97 (mg caffeic acid per kg oil)) of the extracted oils. Fatty acid profile and phytosterols are not significantly influenced (p > 0.05) by the moisture content of the seeds and storage. Total phenol contents and γ‐tocopherol levels increase during storage, but carotenoids, chlorophylls, and α‐tocopherol levels decrease. Based on overall composition and quality parameters, Roman nettle seed oil may have potential food applications.
Investigating the relationship between pain indicators and observers’ judgements of pain
Authors: Yessick Lindsey R. , Tanguay Justine , Gandhi Wiebke , Harrison Richard , Dinu Ruxandra , Chakrabarti Bhismadev , Borg Emma , Salomons Tim V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDue to the inherent subjectivity of pain, it is difficult to make accurate judgements of pain in others. Research has found discrepancies between the ways in which perceived “objective” (e.g., medical evidence of injury) and “subjective” information (e.g., self‐report) influence judgements of pain. This study aims to explore which potential cues (depictions of sensory input, brain activation, self‐reported pain and facial expressions) participants are most influenced by when evaluating pain in others.MethodsFirst, 60 participants (23 women, 36 ± 10 years old) judged who was in more pain between two different pain indicators representing two different patients. These trials revealed which congruent indicator (i.e., two high pain indicators) would most influence participant decisions. Second, participants prescribed quantities of analgesia for one patient's pain based on two different pain indicators. These trials revealed which incongruent indicators (i.e., one high and one low indicator) would most influence participant decisions.ResultsAs predicted, facial expressions were perceived as subjective and were the least likely, among all pain indicators, to influence observer's judgements of pain. Participants relied upon indicators they perceived as objective. Self‐report pain ratings had the greatest influence on participants judgements about how much analgesic cream to prescribe and was perceived as objective by half of the participants.ConclusionsWe found that in situations where incongruent information was presented about an individual's pain, participants relied on pain indicators that they perceived to be objective. The current study provides important insights about biases that people hold when making judgements of pain in others.SignificanceInterpretation and assessment of pain remains one of the largest barriers to pain management and involves complex, idiosyncratic processing. This study provides insights into what information participants view as critical in making attributions of pain when presented with multiple, seemingly incongruent sources of information.
Production and purification of bacterial membrane vesicles for biotechnology applications: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Castillo‐Romero Keshia F. , Santacruz Arlette , González‐Valdez José 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are bi‐layered nanostructures derived from Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. Among other pathophysiological roles, BMVs are critical messengers in intercellular communication. As a result, BMVs are emerging as a promising technology for the development of numerous therapeutic applications. Despite the remarkable progress in unveiling BMV biology and functions in recent years, their successful isolation and purification have been limited. Several challenges related to vesicle purity, yield, and scalability severely hamper the further development of BMVs for biotechnology and clinical applications. This review focuses on the current technologies and methodologies used in BMV production and purification, such as ultracentrifugation, density‐gradient centrifugation, size‐exclusion chromatography, ultrafiltration, and precipitation. We also discuss the current challenges related to BMV isolation, large‐scale production, storage, and stability that limit their application. More importantly, the present work explains the most recent strategies proposed for overcoming those challenges. Finally, we summarize the ongoing applications of BMVs in the biotechnological field.
Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factors for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances
Authors: Burkhard Lawrence P. , Votava Lauren K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in commercial products such textiles, firefighting foams, and surface coatings across the globe and some PFAS are known to be bioaccumulative in aquatic species. The ultimate sink for numerous anthropogenic chemicals is the sediments in lakes, rivers, and oceans. To understand the relationship between sediment and aquatic species, a literature search was performed and biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) data for 17 taxonomic classes were assembled. The carbonyl and sulfonyl PFAS classes were relatively data rich whereas phosphate (no measurements), ether (one chemical), and fluorotelomer (limited number of chemicals) PFAS classes were data poor. Taxonomic classes of Teleostei and Clitellata had the largest BSAFs whereas Magnoliopsida and Bivalvia had the smallest BSAFs, and BSAF values &gt;1 (kg-OC/kg-wet wt) were very rare. Across all studies, median (±standard deviation) whole-body Teleostei BSAFs for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid (kg-OC/kg-wet wt) were 0.0580 (±0.445, n = 60) and 0.00283 (±0.103,24), respectively. Laboratory-measured BSAFs were consistently larger than field-measured BSAFs, that is, 53 of 67 comparisons were larger (80%). Comparing BSAFs across taxonomic classes, 72% of the BSAFs were significantly different (α = 0.05). Comparing BSAFs within a taxonomic class, BSAFs were significantly different for 63% of the taxonomic classes. Elimination kinetics for benthic invertebrates suggests steady-state conditions might be reached in the 28-day uptake portion of a laboratory bioaccumulation test for some test species. The largest data gaps, beyond limited measurements, are understanding the effects of concentration and mixtures on bioaccumulation from sediments, quantifying the difference, if any, in BSAFs between freshwater and brackish/marine ecosystems, and models for predicting BSAFs based on concentrations in sediment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:277–295. © 2022 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.