bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Cataract Surgery at Secondary Eye Care Facility in Karachi
Authors: Mangi Mahpara , Bashir Muhammad Khizar , Inam Mujahid 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To find out visual outcome of cataract surgery at secondary eye care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Study Design: Surgical audit.
Place and Duration of study: Al-Baseer Eye Hospital, Karachi from January 2019 to January 2021.
Methods: A total of 1540 cataract surgeries were performed. Patients referred from distant eye camps (outside of city limits) were not included. Data collection was done using hospital medical records on patient’s age, sex, pre-operative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), surgical complications, visual acuity(VA) at 1st post-operative day, 1, 3 and 4 – 16 post-operative weeks, BCVA at 4 – 16 post-operative weeks and causes of poor visual outcome (BCVA worse than 6/60) at 4 – 16 post–operative weeks. For data analysis, IBM SPSS Statistics 23 was used.
Results: Out of 1540 cataract surgeries, 81% (1248) cases underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. Mean age at the time of surgery was 56.24 ± 11.45 years. Males were 54.9% (845) while 45.1% (695) were females. Rate of intraoperative complications was 0.9% (14 cases). Posterior capsule rupture occurred in 0.8% (13 cases), and zonular disinsertion in 0.1% (1 case). At 4 – 16 weeks post-operatively, follow–up rate was 53.8% (828 patients); and the percentages of patients with good, borderline and poor BCVA were 94.7% (784 cases), 2.3% (19 cases), and 3.0% (25 cases) respectively.
Conclusion: Good visual outcome can be obtained after cataract surgery at a secondary eye hospital, provided the surgeons and operating room team are trained, well equipped and follow aseptic measures.
Key Words: Phacoemulsification, Cataract, Posterior capsule, Blindness.
Combined Trabeculotomy and Trabeculectomy with Application of Mitomycin C in managing Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Shoaib Khawaja Khalid , Anwar Sidra , Majeed Jawwad Akhwand Abdul 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To determine the success of combined trabeculotomy and trabeculectomy with application of Mitomycin C in primary congenital glaucoma.
Study Design: Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study: Mughal eye hospital Lahore from January 2018 to December 2019.
Methods: Twenty-four patients of primary congenital glaucoma were included. Secondary glaucoma and patients with corneal haze were excluded. Corneal diameter above 11.5, 12.5 and 13 mm (when combined with raised IOP) were considered indications for the surgery in neonates, at 1 year of age and at any age respectively. I-Care tonometer was used to measure IOP in all the cases. Trabeculotomy combined with Trabeculectomy plus MMC was performed in all cases. Procedure was successful if post-operative IOP was between 5 and 21 mm of Hg and stable optic nerve head at 3 months after surgery.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 9.7 ± 7.6 months. Mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 27.8 ± 4.4 mm of Hg. Mean post operative IOP was 13.5 ± 6.5, 17.8 ± 5 and 16.9 ± 4.8 mm of Hg on first day, at the end of one month and after 3 months respectively.Twenty-one (88 %) cases were successful based on the set criteria.Complications included non-identification of Canal of Schlemn, full thickness superficial flap with uveal show due to very thin sclera, hyphema, collapse of anterior chamber and choroidal detachment.
Conclusion: Combined Trabeculotomy and Trabeculectomy with application of Mitomycin C is effective in decreasing IOP significantly.
Key Words: Trabeculotomy, Trabeculectomy, Mitomycin C, Primary Congenital Glaucoma.
The Association between Attendance and Academic Performance of MBBS Students of a Private Medical College in the Subject of Ophthalmology
Authors: Riaz Sidrah , Sheikh Mariam , Tariq Khan Muhammad , Mumtaz Ambreen , Saghir Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To study the association between attendance and academic performance of MBBS students belonging to a private medical college in the subject of ophthalmology.
Study Design: Cross sectional observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Akhter Saeed Medical and dental college of Lahore, from January 2021 to October 2021.
Methods: A total of 152 students were included in study. The attendance record and test records of students in the subject of ophthalmology was retrieved. Both class test and ward tests included Short essay questions and multiple choice questions. Relationship between the attendance and test results was compared by using Pearson Correlation.
Results: Among 152 students, 62.5%were females and 37.5% were males. The mean attendance in 3rd year was 55.73 ± 20.44 and in 4th year was 77.25 ± 19.03. During 3rd year MBBS, 80.92% students had attendance below 75% and in 4th year 32.24% had below 75%. Passed students had mean attendance of 56.82% in 3rd year and 78.74% in 4th year. Failed students had mean attendance of 49.27% in 3rd year and 40% in 4th year. Regarding ward test, students who passed their batch test in first attempt had mean attendance of 60.92% and 83.54% in 3rd year and 4th year respectively. Positive relationship between pass candidates in send up exams and ward tests was demonstrated by Pearson Correlation, showing significant results at 0.01.
Conclusion: The academic performance of students is directly related with class attendance. The students with better class performance had better percentage of attendance and vice versa.
Key Word: Medical students, attendance, academic performance.
Intra Arterial Chemotherapy (IAC)- Advantages and pitfalls
Authors: Siddiq Mian Lubna , Moin Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

Retinoblastoma is a blinding malignancy of the childhood, it is curable when diagnosed early and treated properly, but retinoblastoma is dismal when the basic elements in diagnosis and treatment are lacking. Survival and ocular prognosis mirrors economic development of the countries. Eighty percent of retinoblastoma affects children in the developing countries. The complexity of the required multi-disciplinory approach makes treatment difficult in the developing countries. We have set up an example of a retinoblastoma treatment center that caters for early diagnosis, systemic chemotherapy, intra arterial chemotherapy, intra vitreal chemotherapy, focal laser ablasion and long term follow up assisted with retinal camera. A brief account is given in this editorial
مبادئ علم العلل من خلال مقدّمة كتاب "التمييز" للإمام مسلم رحمه الله
Authors: عواطي فاطمة 
Published: March 2022

علم علل الحديث؛ هو العلم الذي يعنى بالكشف عن الأسباب الغامضة الخفية التي تقدح في الحديث وتفسد عليه صحته رغم أنه يبدو سليمًا في الظاهر، فميدان علم العلل هو الروايات، لا سيما روايات الثقات. وكتاب "التمييز" للإمام مسلم من أهم كتب العلل وأوائلها، ألّفه استجابة لمطلب أحدهم كما صرّح به، وموضوعه سرد أمثلة من أحاديث الثقات التي أخطأوا فيها، مع بيان مواضع أخطائهم وعلل أحاديثهم.
ولكنه قبل أن يبدأ في سرد الأمثلة من أحاديث الحفّاظ المعلولة، وبيان مواضع العلة فيها، قدّم لذلك بمقدّمة نافعة ثريّة، عكست أوضاع عصره، وأوضح فيها سبب حاجته لبيان مسوّغات تعليل أحاديث الثقات، بعدما عُرف استنكار ذلك من قبل بعض العوام والجهلة، كما وصفهم -رحمه الله، فتضمّنت في ثناياها المبادئ الأساسية، والأسس العلميّة الموضوعيّة التي يعتمد عليها الأئمة المحدّثون في تعليل الأحاديث.
وجاء هذا البحث ليجيب عن إشكالية هي: ما المبادئ الأساسية التي يقوم عليها علم العلل وضمّنها الإمام مسلم مقدّمته ويرى أنه يجب على كل من أراد أن يفهم هذا العلم ويخوض فيه أن يَعْلَمها ويتعلّمها؟ وللإجابة عن هذه الإشكالية اتّبعت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمنهج الاستقرائي. وذلك بقراءة متمعّنة لمقدّمة كتاب "التمييز"، واستخراج مبادئ علم العلل التي بثّها الإمام مسلم رحمه الله فيها، مع الرجوع إلى كلام الأئمة النقّاد الذي يؤيّدها ويزيدها وضوحا.
The Efek Penambahan Latihan Penguatan dengan Resistance Band terhadap Kekuatan Otot Quadriceps Femoris pada Lansia yang Mendapat Latihan Keseimbangan
Authors: Kurniawan Andriaz , Ambarwati Endang , Setiawati Erna 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak
Latar belakang : Penurunan kekuatan otot dan gangguan keseimbangan yang terjadi seiring pertambahan usia, merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya kejadian jatuh. Otot quadriceps femoris merupakan prediktor jatuh dan menjadi salah satu penentu kemampuan fungsional aktivitas sehari-hari. Latihan keseimbangan adalah salah satu latihan untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan tubuh lansia. Latihan penguatan dengan resistance band memberikan resistensi menggunakan karet elastis yang teregang.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan latihan penguatan dengan resistance band terhadap peningkatan kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris pada lansia yang mendapatkan latihan keseimbangan.
Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan randomized experimental dengan rancangan pre and post test design. Sebanyak 24 lansia pria dan wanita usia 60-70 tahun dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Kedua kelompok mendapatkan latihan keseimbangan 3 kali per minggu selama 5 minggu. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan tambahan latihan dengan resistance band sebanyak 3 kali per minggu selama 5 minggu. Sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dilakukan pengukuran kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris pada kedua kelompok.
Hasil : Terdapat peningkatan signifikan pada kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris kaki kanan (p = 0,001) dan kaki kiri (p = 0,001) pada kelompok perlakuan. Pada perbandingan antar kelompok didapatkan peningkatan rerata kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris kanan dan kiri, namun tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik pada peningkatan kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris kaki kanan (p = 0,088) dan kaki kiri (p = 0,093)
Simpulan : Penambahan resistance band pada latihan keseimbangan selama 5 minggu berpengaruh secara klinis terhadap kekuatan otot quadriceps femoris pada lansia namun tidak bermakna secara statistik.
Kata Kunci : Resistance band, latihan keseimbangan, quadriceps femoris, lansia
HUBUNGAN GANGGUAN MENTAL EMOSIONAL DENGAN KECANDUAN MEDIA SOSIAL PADA MAHASISWA SEMESTER 1 TAHUN AJARAN 2019 DAN SEMESTER 3 TAHUN AJARAN 2018 DI UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO SEMARANG
Authors: Mahardhika Alain Stephano , Fitrikasari Alifiati , Wardani Natalia Dewi , Hadiati Titis , Sutaty Witrie , Julianti Hari Peni 
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang: Saat ini tingkat kecanduan terhadap media sosial cenderung meningkat, apalagi di mahasiswa. 75% individu yang mengalami kecanduan internet disebabkan adanya masalah dalam hubungannya dengan orang lain. Salah satu faktor yang terkait adalah gangguan mental emosional.

Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan gangguan mental emosional dengan kecanduan media sosial pada mahasiswa semester 1 tahun ajaran 2019 dan semester 3 tahun ajaran 2018 di Universitas Diponegoro Semarang.

Metode: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro Semarang semester 1 tahun ajaran 2019 dan 3 tahun ajaran 2018. Variabel bebas adalah gangguan mental emosional, sedang variabel terikat adalah kecanduan media sosial. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner sosiodemografi, Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) dan Self Reporting Questionnaire 20 (SRQ20).
Variabel penelitian dianalisis dengan uji chi square.

Hasil: Mayoritas subjek penelitian memiliki gangguan mental emosional normal sebanyak 140 (82,8%) dan yang terindikasi mengalami gangguan emosional sebanyak 29 (17,2%). Mayoritas tingkat kecanduan media sosialnya adalah normal sebanyak 113 (66,9%), sedangkan alert sebanyak 56 (33,1%), Terdapat hubungan antara gangguan mental emosional dengan kecanduan media sosial (p=0,019, PR=2,587 95%CI= 1,146 – 5,840 ).

Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gangguan mental emosional dengan kecanduan media sosial Mahasiswa Universitas Diponegoro Semarang semester 1 tahun ajaran 2019 dan semester 3 tahun ajaran 2018.
Hubungan Anemia Defisiensi Besi dengan Pneumonia pada Anak Usia 6 Bulan – 5 Tahun
Authors: Saputra Novel Widya , Kusumawardani Tri , Muryawan Muhammad Heru 
Published: March 2022

Larat belakang Anemia defisiensi besi merupakan masalah kesehatan di negara berkembang yang menyebabkan peningkatan angka kejadian akibat infeksi. Salah satu akibat infeksi yang terjadi adalah pneumonia yang menjadi penyebab angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi pada balita di seluruh dunia. Tujuan Untuk mengetahui hubungan anemia defisiensi besi dengan kejadian infeksi pneumonia pada anak 6 bulan – 5 tahun. Metode Penelitian belah lintang pada 27 subyek usia 6 bulan – 5 tahun di RSUD Bendan Pekalongan. Karakteristik subyek yang diteliti adalah usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, ASI, ferritin, hemoglobin dan pneumonia. Data yang diperoleh dilakukan analisis uji kontingensi C dan regresi logistik dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil Anemia defisiensi besi berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia, nilai p < 0,001, dengan nilai hubungan lemah (0,437). Dari hasil analisis (multivariat) regresi logistik didapatkan kadar Hb dan ferritin tidak berpengaruh terhadap ADB PR 1,281 (CI 95% <0,05), p=1,000 dan PR 2,364 (CI 95% <0,05), p=0,995. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara anemia defisiensi besi dengan kejadian infeksi pneumonia pada balita. Kadar haemoglobin, ferritin bukan merupakan variabel dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap anemia defisiensi besi.
GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN KATE CHOPIN’S FIVE SHORT STORIES
Authors: Rosita Uci Nurhidayati , Purwani Wilujeng Asih 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

This study aims to describe the forms of gender discrimination in the marriage system experienced by the main female character and the forms of resistance of the main female character against oppression. The author chose five short stories of Kate Chopin to study, namely The Story of An Hour, A Respectable Women, Desire’s Baby, The Storm, A Pair of Silk Stockings.The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method with a feminist literary criticism approach. Based on the results of data analysis, it is produced as follows. 1) The forms of discrimination experienced by the main women in the story 2) The form of resistance against oppression by the main female character in the story.
The references used feminist journals, especially liberal feminism from naomi wolf theory which includes the theory of power feminism.

Keywords: discrimination, Kate Chopin, short stories

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk bentuk diskriminasi gender dalam sistem perkawinan yang dialami tokoh perempuan utama dan bentuk perlawanan tokoh perempuan utama dalam melawan penindasan.Penulis memilih lima cerita pendek kate chopin untuk diteliti yaitu The story of an hour, A respectable women, Desire baby, The storm, A pair of silk stockings.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif bentuk kualitatif dengan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis. Berdasarkan hasil dari analisis data, maka dihasilkan sebagai berikut. 1) Bentuk bentuk diskriminasi yang di alami perempuan utama dalam cerita. 2) Bentuk perlawanan melawan penindasan yang di lakukan tokoh perempuan utama dalam cerita.
Referensi yang digunakan adalah referensi dari jurnal jurnal feminisme khususnya feminisme liberal dan teori naomi wolf yang mencakup teori feminisme kekuatan dari salah satu macam bentuk feminisme liberal yang digagas oleh naomi wolf sebagai tinjauan dalam analisa

Kata kunci: diskriminasi, Kate Chopin, cerita pendek
Розробка програмного засобу для стиснення зображень на основі кластеризації.
Authors: Kovivchak Ja. , Dubuk V , Mishak R. 
Published: March 2022

Стаття присвячена розробці програмного засобу для стиснення зображень на основі кластеризації. Приведено загальну класифікацію методів стиснення растрових зображень. Висвітлено основні методи кластеризації даних і їх застосування для зменшення об’єму даних. Проведено аналіз існуючих програмних рішень для стиснення зображень. Розглянуто алгоритм K-Means в задачах стиснення зображення. Побудовано концептуальну модель системи. Розроблено блок-схему алгоритму роботи програмного засобу для стиснення зображень на основі кластеризації. Приведено діаграму прецедентів і діаграму діяльності програмного засобу. Розглянуто діаграму компонентів засобу. Розроблено інтерфейс ко­рис­тувача програмного засобу.
Storytelling como estrategia didáctica para la producción de textos en estudiantes de un instituto
Authors: Romani Pillpe Guillermo , Macedo Inca Keila Soledad 
Published: March 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del Storytelling como estrategia didáctica para el logro de la producción de textos en estudiantes de un instituto de la ciudad de Ica. El estudio contó con la participación de 68 estudiantes del primer semestre del Instituto Educación Superior Tecnológico Público Federico Uranga de la Provincia de Pisco. Los participantes fueron elegidos por un muestreo intencional, matriculados en el curso transversal de Interpretación y Producción de Textos. La investigación fue un diseño, preexperimental y la prueba estadística utilizada fue la T de Wilcoxon. Para la hipótesis general los resultados muestran que el Programa de Estudios de Mecánica Agrícola obtuvo un p ? 0.010. Mientras que el Programa de Estudios Industria Alimentaria obtuvo un valor p ? 0.00; con resultados similares el Programa de Estudios Secretariado Ejecutivo p ? 0.00, Es decir, los datos obtenidos evidenciaron valores menores a p < 0,05, aceptando la H1 y rechazando la hipótesis H0. Los resultados indican que la aplicación del Storytelling como estrategia didáctica mejora la producción de textos. El estudio concluye que la aplicación del Storytelling resulta efectivo y pertinente, respectivamente.
Fear of COVID-19 among Health Workers during the Early Stage of Pandemic in Nepal
Authors: Banstola Sanju , Shrestha Nirmala , Gurung Nisha , Sharma Bimala 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Fear is an emotion that has effects on behavior of people and fear of COVID-19 has significantly impacted the psychological and mental well-being of health workers. The study aimed to assess the fear of COVID-19 among health workers of different cadre during COVID-19 pandemic in Nepal.
Methods: This was cross-sectional online survey involving 427 health workers currently working in Nepal from April 25 to June 10, 2020. COVID-19 fear was measured using a standard scale of seven items. Questionnaire was prepared in Google form and was sent to study population through social medias and emails. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed at 5% level of significance. Ethical approval was taken from Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu.
Results: Of the total, 49.6% respondents were male and 50.4% were female. Among total, 58.8 % respondents were in the age group of 19 to 29 years, and 38.4% respondents were from government organizations. Nearly half of the respondents were doctors. Out of maximum 35 COVID-19 fear score, mean COVID-19 fear was16.38 among males and 19.00 among females, 19.48 among nursing professional and 16.80 among doctors. Mean COVID-19 fear was significantly different across sex and type of health workers. Type of the organization did not have any significant relation with mean fear of COVID-19. Most of the items of COVID-19 fear were significantly associated with sex and type of health workers.
Conclusion: A high level of COVID-19 fear among health workers was found in Nepal during the early stage of COVID-19 pandemic. Mean COVID-19 fear was significantly different across sex and type of health workers. Sex of the health workers and type of profession should be considered while planning psychological intervention among health workers to address the impact of COVID-19 fear.
Minimal Diamond-Saturated Families
Authors: Ivan Maria-Romina 
Published: March 2022

For a given fixed poset P we say that a family of subsets of [n] is P-saturated if it does not contain an induced copy of P, but whenever we add to it a new set, an induced copy of P is formed. The size of the smallest such family is denoted by sat∗(n, P). For the diamond poset D2 (the two-dimensional Boolean lattice), Martin, Smith and Walker proved that ≤ sat∗(n, D2) ≤ n + 1. In this paper we prove that sat∗(n, D2) ≥ (−o(1)) . We also explore the properties that a diamond-saturated family of size c , for a constant c, would have to have.
A Health Policy Analysis of the Dottorota Homecare Program
Authors: Pendet Ni Made Diah Pusparini 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Poor health access had initiated the innovation of a homecare program in Makassar. Dottorota Home Care Program is a local program presented to improve the coverage of health care access in Makassar City, contributing to better community health status. This manuscript aimed to provide a health policy analysis of the Dottorota Home Care Program in Makassar City through the policy analysis triangle.
Methods: This study enrolled the framework of policy analysis triangle to explore the Dottorota Home Care program as formulated on the Mayor of Makassar Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2016 on Twenty-Four-Hours-Home Visitation Services (Homecare) in Makassar City.
Results: The policy content confined the general requirement of aims and principles; scopes; home visits (home care); rights and responsibilities of the health professionals; rights and responsibilities of the patients; coordination and collaboration; guidance and supervision; funding and closing requirement. Legal and non-legal authorities played a role as actors in the policies formulation. The legal parties consist of the Mayor of Makassar, Makassar Local Authorities, Makassar Health Department, Public Health Centers, National Government, and South Sulawesi Regional Government. Hospitals, universities, and the community played the role of non-legal parties in the policy formulation. The context of the policy comprised political and legal, social-cultural, technology development, and economic aspect. The process identified were issue identification, policy arrangement, preparation, implementation, and evaluation.
Recommendation: We suggest intensive information dissemination of the program introduction and its procedure to the community.
Plasmoid-fed Prominence Formation (PF2) During Flux Rope Eruption
Authors: Zhao 赵 Xiaozhou 小舟 , Keppens Rony 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report a new, plasmoid-fed scenario for the formation of an eruptive prominence (PF2), involving reconnection and condensation. We use grid-adaptive resistive two-and-a-half-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations in a chromosphere-to-corona setup to resolve this plasmoid-fed scenario. We study a preexisting flux rope (FR) in the low corona that suddenly erupts due to catastrophe, which also drives a fast shock above the erupting FR. A current sheet (CS) forms underneath the erupting FR, with chromospheric matter squeezed into it. The plasmoid instability occurs and multiple magnetic islands appear in the CS once the Lundquist number reaches ∼3.5 × 104. The remnant chromospheric matter in the CS is then transferred to the FR by these newly formed magnetic islands. The dense and cool mass transported by the islands accumulates in the bottom of the FR, thereby forming a prominence during the eruption phase. More coronal plasma continuously condenses into the prominence due to the thermal instability as the FR rises. Due to the fine structure brought in by the PF2 process, the model naturally forms filament threads, aligned above the polarity inversion line. Synthetic views at our resolution of 15 km show many details that may be verified in future high-resolution observations.