bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerosol physicochemical determinants of carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure induced pulmonary toxicity
Authors: Majumder Nairrita , Kodali Vamsi , Velayutham Murugesan , Goldsmith Travis , Amedro Jessica , Khramtsov Valery V , Erdely Aaron , Nurkiewicz Timothy R , Harkema Jack R , Kelley Eric E , Hussain Salik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Air pollution accounts for more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Using ultrafine carbon black (CB) and ozone (O3) as a model for an environmental co-exposure scenario, the dose response relationships in acute pulmonary injury and inflammation were determined by generating, characterizing, and comparing stable concentrations of CB aerosols (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/m3), O3 (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ppm) with mixture CB + O3 (2.5 + 0.5, 5.0 + 1.0, 10.0 + 2.0). C57BL6 male mice were exposed for 3 h by whole body inhalation and acute toxicity determined after 24 h. CB itself did not cause any alteration, however, a dose response in pulmonary injury/inflammation was observed with O3 and CB + O3. This increase in response with mixtures was not dependent on the uptake but was due to enhanced reactivity of the particles. Benchmark dose modeling showed several-fold increase in potency with CB + O3 compared with CB or O3 alone. Principal component analysis provided insight into response relationships between various doses and treatments. There was a significant correlation in lung responses with charge-based size distribution, total/alveolar deposition, oxidant generation, and antioxidant depletion potential. Lung tissue gene/protein response demonstrated distinct patterns that are better predicted by either particle dose/aerosol responses (interleukin-1β, keratinocyte chemoattractant, transforming growth factor beta) or particle reactivity (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-13, interleukin-6). Hierarchical clustering showed a distinct signature with high dose and a similarity in mRNA expression pattern of low and medium doses of CB + O3. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the biological outcomes from CB + O3 co-exposure are significantly greater than individual exposures over a range of aerosol concentrations and aerosol characteristics can predict biological outcome.
High-Fidelity Simulation Effects on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Self-Efficacy and Knowledge Retention in Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Two-Group, Experimental, Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Takhdat Kamal , Eddabbah Mohamed , El Hamzaoui Hamza , Lamtali Saloua , El Adib Ahmed Rhassane 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This pilot study aimed to assess the effects of high-fidelity simulation on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) self-efficacy and knowledge retention compared to case-based learning. A two-group, experimental, longitudinal design was adopted. Fifty-two undergraduate nursing students were invited to participate in the study, which was conducted between March and May 2019. The results show statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group on both CPR knowledge retention and self-efficacy one month after training. These findings may assist nurse educators to implement high-fidelity simulation in CPR education.
The Impact of a Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Test Anxiety in a BSN Program
Authors: Parrish Alissa R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Test anxiety and attrition are prevalent in nursing programs. Efforts should be made to assist nursing students in obtaining coping mechanisms to reduce anxiety. The aim of this quantitative, quasi-experimental, before and after study was to determine the impact of a cognitive-behavioral intervention on test anxiety during first-semester nursing courses. Thirty bachelor of science in nursing students in a rural university participated in a cognitive-behavioral intervention and completed the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale. A two-tailed, dependent-samples t-test determined a statistically significant decrease in test anxiety scores (p < .001), supporting interventions aimed at reducing both the physical and mental effects of test anxiety.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients Presenting With Bloating as a Predominant Symptom
Authors: Said Hyder , Nee Judy , Iturrino Johanna , Rangan Vikram , Singh Prashant , Lembo Anthony , Ballou Sarah 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The estimated prevalence of bloating is 15 to 30% in the adult US population and is even higher in patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs). Despite this frequency, there is little research into patients who endorse bloating as a predominant symptom. The aim of this study was to better characterize these patients.

Materials and Methods:
New patients with DGBIs were asked to identify their 3 most predominant symptoms over the preceding 3 months; those who reported bloating were classified as “bloating predominant.” Rome IV and symptom-specific questionnaires were administered to assess for the frequency of DGBIs and other predominant symptoms in this patient population. Using univariable and multivariable modeling, we analyzed the associations between bloating predominance, DGBI subtype, and clinical characteristics.

Results:
Of the 586 patients surveyed, 242 (41%) reported predominant bloating. Bloating-predominant patients were more likely to be female, younger, and meet the criteria for IBS-mixed (IBS-M), functional constipation, and functional dyspepsia compared with nonbloating-predominant patients. Bloating-predominant patients were also more likely to endorse concurrently predominant constipation, incomplete evacuation, abdominal pain, belching, and/or nausea. On multivariable logistic regression, constipation and abdominal pain severity were positively associated, although depression was negatively associated with predominant bloating.

Conclusions:
Patients with predominant bloating are more likely to have constipation-related symptoms than diarrhea-related symptoms. They are also more likely to have more severe abdominal pain than patients without predominant bloating. These findings help characterize patients with bloating as a predominant symptom and suggest that diagnosing and treating constipation should be considered as first-line treatment.
Postmortem Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Perinatal Death: An Animal Control Study to Detect the Influence of Postmortem Interval
Authors: Tijssen Maud P.M. , Robben Simon G.F. , Klein Willemijn M. , Hofman Paul A.M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:

Objectives:
Diffusion-weighted imaging may be useful as part of a postmortem magnetic resonance imaging protocol. However, apart from the effect of temperature on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), normal postmortem ADC changes can influence the interpretation. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between normal ADC changes and postmortem intervals (PMIs) and develop a reference standard for postmortem changes after temperature correction.

Materials and Methods:
Six premature lambs were scanned at different PMIs. ADC values were measured at different parenchymal locations. Correlation and linear regression between ADC values and PMI were analyzed for all locations, both uncorrected and corrected for temperature.

Results:
All locations showed a significant negative correlation between the PMI and ADC value, with (R
2 = 0.581–0.837, P < 0.001) and without (R
2 = 0.183–0.555, P < 0.001–0.018) temperature correction.

Conclusions:
The postmortem interval is negatively correlated with ADC values in the brain. A correlation coefficient for the PMI can be calculated after temperature correction to predict ADC changes. However, further research is required to evaluate its clinical application in humans.
Electrochemical-biosensor Microchip Based on Gold Nanoparticles as a Point-of-Care Test (POCT) for Quantitative Determination of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Authors: Boonprasert Kanyarat , Tharavanij Thipaporn , Pechyen Chiravoot , Ponsanti Khanittha , Tangnorawich Benchamaporn , Viyanant Vithoon , Na-Bangchang Kesara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMonitoring the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has become the gold standard measure of diabetes mellitus diagnosis and control in conjunction with FBG and oral glucose tolerance test. The study aimed to investigate the applicability of the newly developed nanoparticle-based electrochemical biosensor – multiwalled nanotubes corporated with gold nanoparticles (POCT-HbA1cMWCNTs/AuNPs) as a routine POCT for detection of HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Finger-prick and venous blood samples were collected 108 DM and 98 non-DM subjects for determination of HbA1c and total hemoglobin by POCT-HbA1cMWCNTs/AuNPs in comparison with standard HPLC method. The performance of the POCT-HbA1cMWCNTs/AuNPs was evaluated using the standard cut-off HbA1c level of >6.5%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the test were 100.00%, 90.32%, 87.23%, and 100.00%, respectively. The probability of DM diagnosis in a subject with HbA1c >6.5 (positive predictive value) was 87.23% (82/94). The accuracy of the POCT-HbA1cMWCNTs/AuNPs was 94.18%, with %DMV (deviation of the mean value) of 0.25%. The results indicate satisfactory assay performance and applicability of the POCT-HbA1cMWCNTs/AuNPs for diagnosis of DM using the cut-off criteria of HbA1c >6.5.
Investigating SARS-CoV-2 infection and the health and psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Canadian CHILD Cohort: study methodology and cohort profile
Authors: Azeez Rilwan , Lotoski Larisa , Dubeau Aimée , Rodriguez Natalie , Reyna Myrtha E. , Freitas Tyler , Goguen Stephanie , Medeleanu Maria , Winsor Geoffrey L. , Brinkman Fiona S.L. , Cameron Emily E. , Roos Leslie , Simons Elinor , Moraes Theo J. , Mandhane Piush J. , Turvey Stuart E. , Bolotin Shelly , Wright Kim , McNeil Deborah , Patrick David M. , Bullard Jared , Langlois Marc-André , Arnold Corey R. , Galipeau Yannick , Pelchat Martin , Doucas Natasha , Subbarao Padmaja , Azad Meghan B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is affecting all Canadian families, with some impacted differently than others. Our study aims to: 1) determine the prevalence and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection among Canadian families, 2) identify predictors of infection susceptibility and severity of SARS-CoV-2 and 3) identify health and psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsThis study builds upon the CHILD Cohort Study, an ongoing multi-ethnic general population prospective cohort consisting of 3454 Canadian families with children born in Vancouver, Edmonton, Manitoba, and Toronto between 2009-12. During the pandemic, 1462 CHILD households (5378 individuals) consented to participate in the CHILD COVID-19 Add-On Study involving: (1) brief biweekly surveys about COVID-19 symptoms and testing; (2) quarterly questionnaires assessing COVID-19 exposure, testing and vaccination status, physical and mental health, and pandemic-driven life changes; (3) in-home biological sampling kits to collect blood and stool. Mean ages were 9 years (range 0-17) for children and 43 years (range 18-85) for adults. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection will be estimated from survey data and confirmed through serology testing. We will combine these new data with a wealth of pre-pandemic CHILD data and use multivariate modelling and machine learning methods to identify risk and resilience factors for susceptibility and severity to the direct and indirect effects of the pandemic.InterpretationOur short-term findings will inform key stakeholders and knowledge users to shape current and future pandemic responses. Additionally, this study provides a unique resource to study the long-term impacts of the pandemic as the CHILD Cohort Study continues.
Natural history of serum creatine kinase levels and motor, pulmonary, and cardiac functions in 337 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a retrospective study at a single referral center in Japan
Authors: Awano Hiroyuki , Nambu Yoshinori , Ito Chieko , Kida Akihiro , Yamamoto Tetsushi , Lee Tomoko , Takeshima Yasuhiro , Nozu Kandai , Matsuo Masafumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) presents with skeletal muscle weakness, followed by respiratory and cardiac muscle involvement. Recently, with the development of treatments, the need for a natural history to serve as a control for determining treatment efficacy in clinical trials has increased dramatically, however, few large-scale studies have investigated changes in these symptoms. The present study examined the natural history of Japanese DMD patients as a whole and individual patient with genetic mutations eligible for exon skipping therapy.MethodsMedical records of 337 patients with DMD who visited Kobe University Hospital over a period of 30 years from their first visit until 20 years of age were examined.ResultsSerum creatine kinase levels showed a stair-step pattern of decline, with extremely high values until 6 and a rapid decline from 7 to 12 years of age. Both the median 10-meter run/walk velocity and rise-from-floor velocity peaked at the age of 4 years and declined with age. The values for respiratory function declined from the age of 11 years. The median left ventricular ejection fraction was >60% until the age of 12 years and rapidly declined from 13 to 15 years of age. Examination of the relationship between gene mutations eligible for exon-skipping therapy and natural history revealed no characteristic findings.DiscussionWe found that creatine kinase levels and motor, respiratory, and cardiac functions each exhibited unique changes over time. These findings will be useful in developing new therapeutic agents for DMD and in determining their efficacy in clinical trials.
Dynamics of non-household contacts during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021 in the Netherlands
Authors: Backer Jantien A. , Bogaardt Laurens , Beutels Philippe , Coletti Pietro , Edmunds W. John , Gimma Amy , van Hagen Cheyenne C. E. , Hens Niel , Jarvis Christopher I. , Vos Eric R. A. , Wambua James , Wong Denise , van Zandvoort Kevin , Wallinga Jacco 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic was in 2020 and 2021 for a large part mitigated by reducing contacts in the general population. To monitor how these contacts changed over the course of the pandemic in the Netherlands, a longitudinal survey was conducted where participants reported on their at-risk contacts every two weeks, as part of the European CoMix survey. The survey included 1659 participants from April to August 2020 and 2514 participants from December 2020 to September 2021. We categorized the number of unique contacted persons excluding household members, reported per participant per day into six activity levels, defined as 0, 1, 2, 3-4, 5-9 and 10 or more reported contacts. After correcting for age, vaccination status, risk status for severe outcome of infection, and frequency of participation, activity levels increased over time, coinciding with relaxation of COVID-19 control measures.
Preserved electrophysiological markers of confidence in schizophrenia spectrum disorder
Authors: Rouy Martin , Roger Matthieu , Goueytes Dorian , Pereira Michael , Roux Paul , Faivre Nathan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA large number of behavioral studies suggest that confidence judgments are impaired in schizophrenia, motivating the search for neural correlates of an underlying metacognitive impairment. Electrophysiological studies suggested that a specific evoked response potential reflecting performance monitoring, namely the error-related negativity (ERN), was blunted in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. However, attention has recently been drawn to a potential confound in the study of metacognition, namely that lower first-order performance in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls could lead to a spurious decrease in metacognitive performance among patients. Here, we assessed how this confound might also apply to ERN-blunting in schizophrenia. We used an adaptive staircase procedure to titrate first-order performance on a motion discrimination task in which participants (N = 14 patients and 19 controls) had to report their confidence after each trial while we recorded high density EEG. Interestingly, not only metaperceptual abilities were preserved among patients at the behavioral level, but we also found no electrophysiological evidence for altered EEG markers of performance monitoring. These results bring additional evidence suggesting an unaltered ability to monitor perceptual performance on a trial by trial basis in schizophrenia.
Socioeconomic inequalities of Long COVID: findings from a population-based survey in the United Kingdom
Authors: Shabnam Sharmin , Razieh Cameron , Dambha-Miller Hajira , Yates Tom , Gillies Clare , Chudasama Yogini V , Pareek Manish , Banerjee Amitava , Kawachi Ichiro , Lacey Ben , Morris Eva JA , White Martin , Zaccardi Francesco , Khunti Kamlesh , Islam Nazrul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the risk of Long COVID by socioeconomic deprivation and to further examine the socioeconomic inequalities in Long COVID by sex and occupational groups.DesignWe analysed data from the COVID-19 Infection Survey conducted by the Office for National Statistics between 26/04/2020 and 31/01/2022. This is the largest and nationally representative survey of COVID-19 in the UK and provides uniquely rich, contemporaneous, and longitudinal data on occupation, health status, COVID-19 exposure, and Long COVID symptoms.SettingCommunity-based longitudinal survey of COVID-19 in the UK.ParticipantsWe included 201,799 participants in our analysis who were aged between 16 and 64 years and had a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.Main outcome measuresWe used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the risk of Long COVID at least 4 weeks after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection by deciles of index of multiple deprivation (IMD) and adjusted for a range of demographic and spatiotemporal factors. We further examined the modifying effects of socioeconomic deprivation by sex and occupational groups.ResultsA total of 19,315 (9.6%) participants reported having Long COVID symptoms. Compared to the least deprived IMD decile, participants in the most deprived decile had a higher adjusted risk of Long COVID (11.4% vs 8.2%; adjusted OR: 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.33, 1.57). There were particularly significantly higher inequalities (most vs least deprived decile) of Long COVID in healthcare and patient facing roles (aOR: 1.76; 1.27, 2.44), and in the education sector (aOR: 1.62; 1.26, 2.08). The inequality of Long COVID was higher in females (aOR: 1.54; 1.38, 1.71) than males (OR: 1.32; 1.15, 1.51).ConclusionsParticipants living in the most socioeconomically deprived areas had a higher risk of Long COVID. The inequality gap was wider in females and certain public facing occupations (e.g., healthcare and education). These findings will help inform public health policies and interventions in adopting a social justice and health inequality lens.
PCNA thermosensitivity underlies an Ataxia Telangiectasia-like disorder
Authors: Magrino Joseph , Munford Veridiana , Martins Davi Jardim , Homma Thais K , Page Brendan , Gaubitz Christl , Freire Bruna L , Lerario Antonio M , Vilar Juliana Brandstetter , Amorin Antonio , Leão Emília K E , Kok Fernando , Menck Carlos F M , Jorge Alexander A L , Kelch Brian A 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYProliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) is a sliding clamp protein that coordinates DNA replication with various DNA maintenance events that are critical for human health. Recently, a hypomorphic homozygous serine to isoleucine (S228I) substitution in PCNA was described to underlie a DNA repair disorder known as PCNA-Associated DNA Repair Disorder (PARD). PARD symptoms range from UV sensitivity, neurodegeneration, telangiectasia, and premature aging. We, and others, previously showed that the S228I variant changes the protein binding pocket of PCNA to a conformation that impairs interactions with specific partners. Here, we report a second PCNA substitution (C148S) that also causes PARD. Unlike PCNA-S228I, PCNA-C148S has WT-like structure and affinity towards partners. In contrast, both disease-associated variants possess a thermo-stability defect. Furthermore, patient-derived cells homozygous for theC148Sallele exhibit low levels of chromatin-bound PCNA and display temperature-dependent phenotypes. The stability defect of both PARD variants indicates that PCNA levels are likely an important driver of PARD disease. These results significantly advance our understanding of PARD and will likely stimulate additional work focused on clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of this severe disease.
Performance on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and Anticipatory Response Inhibition Task is Associated with Severity of Impulse Control Behaviours in People with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hall Alison , Weightman Matthew , Jenkinson Ned , MacDonald Hayley J 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionDopamine agonist medication is one of the largest risk factors for development of problematic impulse control behaviours (ICBs) in people with Parkinson’s disease. The present study investigated the potential of dopamine gene profiling and individual performance on impulse control tasks to explain ICB severity.MethodsClinical, genetic and task performance data were entered into a mixed-effects linear regression model for people with Parkinson’s disease taking (n = 50) or not taking (n = 25) dopamine agonist medication. Severity of ICBs was captured via the Questionnaire for Impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson’s disease Rating Scale. A cumulative dopamine genetic risk score (DGRS) was calculated for each participant from variance in five dopamine-regulating genes. Objective measures of impulsive action and impulsive choice were measured on the Anticipatory Response Inhibition Task and Balloon Analogue Risk Task, respectively.ResultsFor participants on dopamine agonist medication, task performance reflecting greater impulsive choice (p = .014), and to a trend level greater impulsive action (p = .056), as well as a longer history of DA medication (p < .001) all predicted increased ICB severity. DGRS however, did not predict ICB severity (p = .708). No variables could explain ICB severity in the non-agonist group.ConclusionsOur task-derived measures of impulse control have the potential to predict ICB severity in people with Parkinson’s and warrant further investigation to determine whether they can be used to monitor ICB changes over time. The DGRS appears better suited to predicting the incidence, rather than severity, of ICBs on agonist medication.
The COVID-19 burnout scale: Development and initial validation
Authors: Galanis Petros , Katsiroumpa Aglaia , Sourtzi Panayota , Siskou Olga , Konstantakopoulou Olympia , Kaitelidou Daphne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe developed and validated a self-assessment instrument to measure COVID-19 pandemic-related burnout in the general population. We assessed the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 burnout scale (COVID-19-BS). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified three factors for the COVID-19-BS; emotional exhaustion, physical exhaustion, and exhaustion due to measures against the COVID-19. Cronbach’ s alpha coefficients for the three factors and the COVID-19-BS ranged from 0.860 to 0.921. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.945 and p-value for Bartlett test was <0.001 indicating highly acceptable values. Convergent validity results indicated a significant positive correlation between COVID-19-BS and anxiety and depression. Known-groups analysis identified the ability of COVID-19-BS to discriminate groups according to gender, chronic condition, and health status. Our findings indicate that the final 13-item model of COVID-19-BS is a brief, easy to administer, valid and reliable scale for assessing COVID-19-related burnout in the general public.