bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Molecule Tracking and Super‐Resolution Microscopy Unveil Actin‐Driven Membrane Nanotopography Shaping Stable Integrin Adhesions in Developing Tissue
Authors: Chen Tianchi , Fernández‐Espartero Cecilia H , Giannone Grégory 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSingle molecule tracking and super‐resolution microscopy of integrin adhesion proteins and actin in developing Drosophila muscle attachment sites reveals that nanotopography triggered by Arp2/3‐dependent actin protrusions promotes stable adhesion formation. The nanodomains formed during this process confine the diffusion of integrins and promote their immobilization. Spatial confinement is also applied to the motion of actin filaments, resulting in enhanced mechanical connection with the integrin adhesion complex. Fabricated nano‐structured surfaces mimicking the nanotopography observed in living tissue are able to recapitulate the formation of these adhesions in isolated muscle cells and the confinement of integrin diffusion. These results emphasize the importance of geometrical regulation of tissue morphogenesis at a single molecule level.
Targeted C‐to‐T Base Editing in the Arabidopsis Plastid Genome
Authors: Nakazato Issei , Arimura Shin‐ichi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractArabidopsis thaliana, particularly the ecotype Columbia‐0 (Col‐0), has been extensively employed in the study of genetics of the nuclear genome. However, the difficulty of modifying the plastid genome of Col‐0, the most widely used ecotype, has hindered investigation of the functional interactions between nuclear‐encoded and plastid‐encoded genes in this ecotype. Recently, we achieved targeted base editing, substituting a specific C:G pair with a T:A pair in the plastid genome of Col‐0 through the application of genome‐editing technology. This article introduces the method employed to accomplish this targeted base editing. The process involves four steps: (i) designing and constructing a binary vector encoding the genome‐editing enzyme, (ii) introducing the binary vector into the nuclear genome of Col‐0 via floral dipping, (iii) identifying base‐edited plants, and (iv) verifying inheritance of the edited base(s) by the next generation. © 2025 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Design and construction of a binary vector encoding ptpTALECD or ptpTALECD_v2Basic Protocol 2: Agrobacterium‐mediated introduction of a binary vector into the Arabidopsis nuclear genomeBasic Protocol 3: Selection of plants harboring T‐DNA in the nucleus and detection of base editing in the plastid genome
Recent advances in mitochondrial replacement therapy and its future expectations
Authors: Lyu Qifeng , Zou Weiwei , Huang Taosheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe prevention of mitochondrial diseases is particularly important due to the lack of specific therapies. Therefore, mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) is expected to be a technology to prevent mitochondrial diseases. Admittedly, this technology sparked a lot of controversy and discussion. In this article, we review the recent advances in MRT, discuss its safety and ethical issues, and finally explore its potential to completely block the inheritance of mitochondrial diseases.
HS‐WOA: A Hybrid Metaheuristic Approach–Aided Multiobjective Constraints for Dual Cluster Head Selection in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Urooj Shabana , Rajesh Arunachalam , Tripathi Kuldeep Narayan , Damodaran Sukumaran , Arunachalam Karthikayen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDue to the user's convenience, wireless technology is more frequently used in the current era. The extensively utilized wireless technologies are the wireless sensor networks (WSN). Although WSNs have numerous advantages over traditional communication technologies, nevertheless, they struggle with issues such as low battery life, control overheads, scalability, data aggregation, throughput, and so on. A huge amount of nodes scattered around a specific target region make up a WSN. The WSN models are widely used for surveillance, cutting‐edge healthcare, and commercialized industrial automation. The WSN's energy efficiency needs to be improved because increased energy utilization limits the network's lifetime (LT). Therefore, an efficient dual CH selection mechanism in the WSN system by considering the challenges attained in the classical CH selection models has been developed. Hence, a novel and efficient dual CH routing mechanism is implemented and leads to improve the lifetime of WSNs. In the CH selection model, optimal paths are selected by the developed modified attack power‐based hybridization of sailfish and whale optimization (MAP‐HSWO). Further, the efficiency of the WSN is improved by focusing on objectives like delay, node degree, residual energy, throughput, intracluster and intercluster distance using MAP‐HSWO to compute the effectualness of the network. At last, several experiments are executed in the proposed dual CH selection method over the classical techniques to compute the efficiency of the network.
Water‐proofing mechanism of coupling structures observed in ladybird elytra and its bionic application
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Hao , Cai Jiannan , Shi Junhao , Zheng Yuquan , Rajabi Hamed , Zhao Jieliang , Wu Jianing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLadybirds (Coccinella septempunctata) are adept at living in humid conditions as their elytra can effectively shield their bodies from raindrops. However, due to technical difficulties in examining the delicate structure, the understanding of the water‐proofing mechanism of the coupling structure and its impact on the dome‐like elytra response to the raindrops remain elusive. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we showed that the coupling structure on the ladybird elytra can ward off the raindrops traveling at a velocity of 6 m/s, which generates an impact force equivalent to 600 times the body weight. The waterproofing mechanism relies on the deformability of the elytra and their microstructures, which collectively impedes the formation of microchannels for liquids. The enhanced water‐proofing capabilities enabled by the coupling structures are validated through experimental testing on comparative 3D‐printed models, showing the effectiveness of these structures in improving water resistance. Subsequently, we showcased a water‐proofing device, which substantially improved the efficiency of solar panels in converting solar energy. This multidisciplinary study not only advances our understanding of the biomechanics of coupling systems in insects but also inspires the design of water‐proofing deployable structures.
Nutrition and Dietary Pattern Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Tzeng I‐Shiang , Su Wen‐Lin , Lee Yin‐Ying , Wu Jing‐Hui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the world's most significant causes of illness and mortality. It is vital to identify modifiable risk factors for COPD prevention and therapy, and the scientific community has started to focus closely on nutrition as a crucial component of COPD management, from prevention to treatment. For the progression, and management of obstructive lung illnesses like asthma and COPD, diet and nutrition may be modifiable risk factors of COPD. This review examined the connection between dietary habits, nutrient consumption, and obstructive lung disorders. Additionally, this review highlights and summarizes the evidence from observational and clinical studies regarding the influence of nutrients and dietary habits on lung function and the onset, progression, and outcomes of COPD and lung disease. Regarding the advancement or prevention of COPD, supplemental nutrition has an impact on the onset, progression, and treatment of COPD. Better pulmonary function, less deterioration in lung function, and a lower risk of COPD linked to nutraceuticals, particularly those with antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects, when combined with balancepatterns. Health providers may use an evidence‐based lifestyle approach to help counsel patients toward improved lung health if they are aware of the dietary implications of COPD.
Extension Advice, Agricultural Productivity, and Food Security in Tanzania
Authors: Mugizi Francisco M. P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlthough agriculture is a major source of livelihood in Sub‐Saharan Africa, including Tanzania, agricultural productivity remains low. Access to extension services can play a significant role in raising agricultural productivity and improving smallholder farmers' welfare. This paper uses a recent National Agricultural Sample Survey 2019/2020 data to examine the effect of receiving extension advice for crop production on agricultural productivity and food security in Tanzania. It uses an instrumental variable technique, extended regression model, and endogenous switching regression model to address possible selection bias and endogeneity problems. The findings show that receiving extension advice has a strong positive effect on agricultural productivity. Investigating the potential mechanisms, the findings reveal that households who received extension advice for crop production were more likely to apply organic fertiliser, use improved seeds, practice irrigation, practice conservational farming, and applied more organic and inorganic fertiliser. We also find a significant correlation between access to extension advice and food security. Overall, the results highlight the role of extension advice in boosting agricultural productivity among smallholders and indirectly improving food security.
Forecasting Natural Gas Futures Prices Using Hybrid Machine Learning Models During Turbulent Market Conditions: The Case of the Russian–Ukraine Crisis
Authors: Nagula Pavan Kumar , Alexakis Christos 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecently, many researchers have shown keen interest in natural gas price prediction using machine learning and hybrid architectures. Our research forecasts natural gas future prices with different hybrid machine learning models using over a hundred technical indicators. The hybrid deep cross‐network model outperformed the single‐stage deep cross‐network regression and hybrid support vector machine models with 33% and 46% lower mean absolute error and 22% and 1.2 times better directional hit rate during 11 months of turbulent market circumstances due to the Russia–Ukraine crisis. The hybrid deep cross‐network model is 14, 5, and 6 times more profitable than the hybrid support vector machine, the benchmark passive buy‐and‐hold strategy, and the single‐stage deep cross‐network regression models. The hybrid deep cross‐network model is resilient during low‐ and high‐volatility periods. Deep cross‐network algorithm technical indicator interactions are more statistically significant than support vector machine polynomial kernel interactions. Energy traders and policymakers can exploit our findings.
Analyzing and Forecasting Container Throughput With a Hybrid Decomposition‐Reconstruction‐Ensemble Method: A Study of Two China Ports
Authors: Xiao Yi , Wu Sheng , He Chen , Hu Yi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAccurate container throughput forecasting is critical for enhancing port efficiency and ensuring global trade stability, particularly in the face of economic uncertainties, geopolitical tensions, and supply chain disruptions. Existing forecasting methods often struggle to model the nonlinear, nonstationary, and noise‐laden characteristics of throughput data, creating a clear gap in the ability to provide reliable predictions. To address this, we propose a novel hybrid model, VMD‐ISE‐TCNT, designed to tackle these challenges. The model employs variational mode decomposition (VMD) to decompose time series into intrinsic modes, with an improved signal energy (ISE) criterion automating the selection of optimal mode numbers. These modes are categorized into low‐ and high‐frequency components and forecasted separately using temporal convolutional networks (TCNs), leveraging their strength in capturing multiscale temporal dependencies. The Theil UII‐S loss function is integrated to enhance model robustness by prioritizing proportional accuracy and reducing outlier sensitivity. Empirical evaluations using 24 years of data from China's two largest container ports—Shanghai and Shenzhen—demonstrate the superior performance of the VMD‐ISE‐TCNT model compared to traditional and hybrid benchmarks. By addressing frequency‐specific patterns and automating key processes, this model provides a scalable and interpretable solution for advancing port operations and ensuring resilience in global trade.
Human Auditory–Motor Networks Show Frequency‐Specific Phase‐Based Coupling in Resting‐State MEG
Authors: Bedford Oscar , Noly‐Gandon Alix , Ara Alberto , Wiesman Alex I. , Albouy Philippe , Baillet Sylvain , Penhune Virginia , Zatorre Robert J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPerception and production of music and speech rely on auditory–motor coupling, a mechanism which has been linked to temporally precise oscillatory coupling between auditory and motor regions of the human brain, particularly in the beta frequency band. Recently, brain imaging studies using magnetoencephalography (MEG) have also shown that accurate auditory temporal predictions specifically depend on phase coherence between auditory and motor cortical regions. However, it is not yet clear whether this tight oscillatory phase coupling is an intrinsic feature of the auditory–motor loop, or whether it is only elicited by task demands. Further, we do not know if phase synchrony is uniquely enhanced in the auditory–motor system compared to other sensorimotor modalities, or to which degree it is amplified by musical training. In order to resolve these questions, we measured the degree of phase locking between motor regions and auditory or visual areas in musicians and non‐musicians using resting‐state MEG. We derived phase locking values (PLVs) and phase transfer entropy (PTE) values from 90 healthy young participants. We observed significantly higher PLVs across all auditory–motor pairings compared to all visuomotor pairings in all frequency bands. The pairing with the highest degree of phase synchrony was right primary auditory cortex with right ventral premotor cortex, a connection which has been highlighted in previous literature on auditory–motor coupling. Additionally, we observed that auditory–motor and visuomotor PLVs were significantly higher across all structures in the right hemisphere, and we found the highest differences between auditory and visual PLVs in the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. Last, we found that the theta and beta bands exhibited a preference for a motor‐to‐auditory PTE direction and that the alpha and gamma bands exhibited the opposite preference for an auditory‐to‐motor PTE direction. Taken together, these findings confirm our hypotheses that motor phase synchrony is significantly enhanced in auditory compared to visual cortical regions at rest, that these differences are highest across the theta‐beta spectrum of frequencies, and that there exist alternating information flow loops across auditory–motor structures as a function of frequency. In our view, this supports the existence of an intrinsic, time‐based coupling for low‐latency integration of sounds and movements which involves synchronized phasic activity between primary auditory cortex with motor and premotor cortical areas.
To Be or Not to Be Green? The Double‐Edged Sword of Pro‐Environmental Pressure in the Workplace
Authors: Yang Dan , Law Kenneth S. , Tang Guiyao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTContemporary organizations are paying greater attention to improving environmental sustainability. Recognizing the value of employee engagement in enhancing sustainability, organizations emphasize the involvement of employees in environmental protection. Academic literature and anecdotal evidence have suggested that employees may come to work with pressure to engage in pro‐environmental behavior (PEB). However, researchers have overlooked how employees experience pro‐environmental pressure, leaving fundamental questions unanswered in theory building. In this paper, we introduce the concept of pro‐environmental pressure and examine the broader functioning of pro‐environmental pressure at the individual level. Drawing on the transactional theory of stress, we elucidate how this pressure could be experienced as a double‐edged sword that induces both positive and negative responses from employees. We first develop a scale of pro‐environmental pressure and assess its psychometric properties. We then conduct a field study to test the theoretical model, arguing that individuals with different stress mindsets have divergent responses. Employees with a stress‐is‐enhancing mindset are likely to appraise pro‐environmental pressure as a challenge, whereas employees with a stress‐is‐debilitating mindset are likely to appraise it as a threat. Our findings reveal that pro‐environmental pressure could have both functional and dysfunctional implications depending on employee appraisals. When pro‐environmental pressure is appraised as a challenge, employees use a problem‐focused coping strategy and respond with positive behavioral reactions, including engagement in PEB and constructive green voice. However, when pro‐environmental pressure is appraised as a threat, employees use an emotion‐focused coping strategy and respond with negative behavioral reactions, including disengagement from PEB and destructive green voice. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.
Efficacy of Intravenous Versus Oral Administration of Levocarnitine in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating Therapeutic Approaches to Renal Anemia
Authors: Rehman Sadia , Farhan Muhammad , Kumar Santosh , Sarfraz Muhammad Raza , Naveed Asma , Khan Muhammad Tassaduq , Huq Hiya 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimCarnitine deficiency contributes to various comorbidities in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. This study aims to assess the impact of levocarnitine supplementation on hematological and serum iron profile parameters, comparing the efficacy of oral versus intravenous (IV) administration in these patients.Materials and MethodsThis was a multicenter, randomized controlled trial was conducted on patients undergoing MHD at the hemodialysis unit of our study center in Karachi, Pakistan. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the oral or IV groups. Patients in the oral group received levocarnitine tablets of 500 mg three times daily, while patients in the IV group received an IV bolus of levocarnitine at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight, infused over 2–3 min directly into the IV line after each hemodialysis session. Both groups received intervention for a total of 24 weeks, and the final analysis included 49 patients from the oral group and 34 patients from the IV group.ResultsThe study involved 83 patients with a mean age of 44.72 ± 8.77 years, with a balanced distribution of 41 males and 42 females. The IV group showed a significant improvement in hemoglobin levels (mean increase: 0.57 g/dL, p < 0.001) and hematocrit (mean increase: 3.83%, p = 0.001), while the oral group showed only slight, nonsignificant changes in hemoglobin (mean increase: 0.07 g/dL, p = 0.22). Serum iron profile parameters improved significantly in both groups, though the IV group demonstrated greater enhancements across all parameters. Hematological parameter analysis revealed significant post‐intervention differences in hemoglobin, MCH, and MCHC, favoring the IV group.Conclusionlevocarnitine improves the hematological and iron profile in MHD patients. However, IV levocarnitine significantly more effective than oral administration. It notably improves hemoglobin, and enhances iron profile parameters.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05817799.
A Framework for Analysing Multi‐Timescales Evolution Patterns in Precipitation–Streamflow Relationship
Authors: Wu Jiefeng , Guan Tiesheng , Li Xuemei , Liu Wenyue , Tang Liushan , Yu Zihan , Wang Guoqing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe precipitation–streamflow relationship (PSR) is one of the most crucial aspects of hydrological process studies. Previous studies have analysed the changes of the PSR at specific timescales (e.g., annual or seasonal), overlooking the characteristics of the PSR across multiple timescales and the changes that occur over time. This study presented an integrated framework to address these issues from three perspective: the inconsistencies, the response sensitivity of streamflow to precipitation and the PSR across multiple oscillation periods. This study analysed monthly streamflow and precipitation data from three representative reaches located in the upper and middle sections of the Yellow River Basin from 1961 to 2021. The results indicate that the proposed integrated framework effectively reveals the evolving patterns of the PSR. The evolution patterns of PSR vary across different time scales. Notably, the inconsistencies in PSR variations in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River are significant and manifest differently across various timescales. These differences were particularly pronounced in the middle reaches when comparing the periods before and after 2000. The changes in PSR varied among different oscillation periods, and an examination of the resonant period variability revealed a shift from strong‐to‐weak resonance within the 32–64‐month period, followed by a weak‐to‐strong transition within the 128‐month period. This study has significantly enhanced our understanding of the evolution of the PSR and has provided valuable insights for effectively managing hydrological processes in a changing environment.
Evaluation of the Hybrid Air2stream Model for Simulating Daily Stream Temperature During Extreme Summer Heat Wave and Autumn Drought Conditions
Authors: Callahan Lilianne , Moore R. Dan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs climatic conditions change globally, so too will stream thermal regimes, with implications for water quality and habitat suitability for aquatic life. Stream temperature measurements are sparse in many regions, motivating the development of models that are able to extrapolate to past and future climatic conditions to support decision‐making for aquatic resource management. This study assesses the performance of air2stream, a hybrid, at‐a‐site stream temperature model that was developed to simplify the data requirements of process‐based models while maintaining their predictive performance. The air2stream model requires only time series of daily mean air temperature and stream discharge as input variables, and was calibrated for 23 streams in British Columbia, Canada, using data recorded at Water Survey of Canada gauging stations for the available periods of record up to 2020. Daily mean air temperature time series were interpolated to each monitoring site from the ERA‐5 gridded surface data product. Air2stream was validated with data from the years 2021 and 2022, which included an extreme summer heat wave and autumn drought conditions that fall outside the range of conditions observed during the calibration period. The validation results were compared to those of a set of linear mixed‐effects models with the same predictor variables, as well as a simplified version of air2stream that only uses air temperature as an input variable. The air2stream model produced higher errors during the extreme weather conditions compared to the calibration period, though its performance under extreme conditions overall remained superior to that of the statistical models and the simplified air2stream model. The results highlight the importance of representing hydrological and thermal processes and their seasonal variation in models for predicting stream temperature under changing climatic conditions.