bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performing Plainness in Sarah Stickney Ellis’s Friends at Their Own Fireside: Or, Pictures of the Private Life of the People Called Quakers
Authors: Albassam Mona 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
While Quaker plainness has encapsulated multiple positive meanings such as piety, worldliness and even human equality, many were attentive to its rootedness in social discipline and surveillance. Drawing on nineteenth-century assessments of Quaker plainness, both in journals and fiction, this article explores the dynamics of self-fashioning and performance that are exposed to be an important part of these bodily experiences of Quaker plainness. Plainness is not only self-disciplining but also controls the social and visual dynamics of displaying, seeing, and interpreting the body. Sarah Stickney Ellis’s Friends at Their Own Fireside: Or, Pictures of the Private Life of the People Called Quakers (1858) provides an intriguing account of the private experiences of plain Quaker women and their resistance to forms of social control and scrutiny. I use the context of this novel to examine the subjective experience of Quaker women as wearers of plain dress in ways that expose their agency and involvement in observing and adhering to these codes rather than completely or obliviously succumbing to social authority and control. The exploration of female plainness in this novel, as I will argue, confounds the notions of discipline attached to Quaker plainness, and instead brings to light women’s agency in navigating their identity and personal space in such a context.
A detailed analysis of the dynamics of fast neutrino flavor conversions with scattering effects
Authors: Sasaki Hirokazu , Takiwaki Tomoya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We calculate the dynamics of fast neutrino flavor conversions with Boltzmann collisions of neutrino scatterings in a homogeneous system. We find the enhancement or suppression of the flavor conversions in various setups of the collision terms. We analyze the mechanism of fast flavor conversions based on the motion of polarization vectors in the cylindrical coordinate analogous to a pendulum motion. The phases of the all the polarization vectors synchronize in the linear evolution phase, and the phase deviation from the Hamiltonian governs the neutrino flavor conversions. In a non-linear regime of flavor conversions, the collision terms induce a spiral motion of the polarization vector and gradually make the phase space smaller. The collision terms align all of the polarization vectors, and the flavor conversions eventually settle into equilibrium when the distributions of neutrinos become isotropic. Though our current analysis does not fully clarify the non-linear phenomena of fast flavor conversions, the framework of the pendulum motion gives a new insight into this complicated phenomenon that will be helpful in further studies.
Prediction of Central Visual Field Severity in Glaucoma
Authors: Chakravarti Tutul , Moghimi Sasan , Weinreb Robert N. 
Published: June 2022

Précis:
The severity of central visual field (VF) defects on 24-2 VF and related scotomas on 10-2 VF may be predicted by assessing perimetric defects at abnormal central 12 points on 24-2 VF in early glaucoma.

Purpose:
Investigating the association between perimetric parameters at abnormal central 12 points on 24-2 VF and the severity of central visual field defects (CVFDs) on 24-2 VF and related parafoveal scotomas on 10-2 VF.

Methods:
We examined 64 eyes of 56 glaucoma patients with CVFDs on 24-2 VF with a mean deviation better than −7 dB and completed 24-2 and 10-2 VF testing within 6 months. On the basis of 10-2 VFs’ pattern defects, eyes were grouped into 3: an arcuate parafoveal scotoma, severe defect; partial arcuate, moderate defect; and minimal defect. VF parameters at abnormal points (P<1%) within the central-most 4 and paracentral 8 points on total deviation/pattern deviation plots on 24-2 VF were analyzed to predict the severity of CVFDs.

Results:
Eyes with arcuate scotoma showed more functional loss than eyes without arcuate scotoma on 10-2 VF (P<0.001). A significant association was observed between abnormal 24-2 VF points’ (<1%) threshold sensitivity lower than 20 dB [odds ratio (OR)=7.2; P=0.002 and OR=5.1; P=0.003 for the central 4 and paracentral 8 points, respectively] and defect values worse than −15 dB (OR=8.0 and 5.6 for the central 4 and paracentral 8 points, respectively, P=0.005) with arcuate scotoma on 10-2 VF. Superior nasal defect in the central 5 degrees on 24-2 VF was significantly associated with an arcuate defect on 10-2 VF (P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Clinicians may predict the severity of CVFDs on 24-2 VF and parafoveal scotomas on 10-2 VF by measuring threshold sensitivities and defect values at abnormal central 12 points (<1%) on 24-2 VF in early glaucoma.
Applicability of the Greulich and Pyle bone age standards to Taiwanese children: A Taipei experience
Authors: Yuh Yeong-Seng , Chou Ting Ywan , Chow Jeffrey C. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The Greulich and Pyle (GP) method is one of the most common radiographic techniques for bone age (BA) assessment. The applicability of this method to ethnic populations outside of the United States has been investigated in several recent studies worldwide. Currently, limited data are available on the accuracy of the GP method for the Taiwanese population. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the GP standards are applicable to contemporary Taipei children.

Methods:
Clinical data from October 1, 2010, to March 31, 2020, were retrospectively collected from a general hospital in Taipei. BA was determined by a senior pediatrician and was reviewed by a senior pediatric radiologist according to the GP standards. Comparison of BA and chronological age (CA) was performed in children with body weight and height in the 15th to the 85th percentiles of normal children. Ethnic variations in the maturation process in the ulnar bone were investigated. All data were statistically analyzed.

Results:
In total, 2465 medical records were collected. After excluding those with diseases and unqualified data, 654 records of boys and 809 of girls were analyzed. In boys, the mean BA was significantly delayed between 6 and 9 years of age compared with the CA. In girls, the mean BA was generally advanced between 7 and 15 years of age. Ulnar bone maturation tended to be delayed in young boys.

Conclusion:
A significant discrepancy between CA and BA was observed in our population. Delayed ulnar bone maturation in young boys was confirmed. Children in Taipei exhibit a different maturation pattern than children on whom the GP standards were based.
Increased antibiotic exposure in early life is associated with adverse outcomes in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Chen Wen-Yin , Lo Yu-Cheng , Huang Po-Han , Chen Yu-Xuan , Tsao Pei-Chen , Lee Yu-Sheng , Jeng Mei-Jy , Hung Miao-Chiu 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The use of antibiotics in the early lives of premature infants may alter the microbiota and influence their clinical outcomes. However, whether the administration of probiotics can influence these outcomes remains unknown. In our study, probiotics were routinely administered unless contraindicated. We explored whether increased antibiotic exposure with the routine use of probiotics was associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling very low birth weight (VLBW) infants admitted between January 1, 2016, and March 31, 2020 to a medical center. Days of antibiotic exposure in the first 14 days of life were recorded. The primary outcomes were NEC and BPD. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable regression analyses to assess risk factors.

Results:
Of 185 VLBW infants admitted to the medical center, 132 met the inclusion criteria. Each additional day of antibiotic treatment was associated with increased odds of NEC (aOR, 1.278; 95% CI, 1.025-1.593) and BPD (aOR, 1.630; 95% CI, 1.233-2.156). The association remained in the NEC analysis after adjustment for probiotic use.

Conclusion:
Increased antibiotic exposure in the early lives of VLBW infants was associated with increased risks of NEC and BPD. The probiotics did not influence the outcomes. Our findings suggest that clinicians should be alerted to the adverse outcomes of antibiotic use in infants with VLBWs.
Use of expert consensus to improve the diagnosis and management of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Lin Chia-Hung , Tung Yi-Ching , Chang Tien-Jyun , Huang Chien-Ning , Hwu Chii-Min ,   for Taiwan Type 1 DM Consortium
Published: June 2022

Background:
Although type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is recognized as a catastrophic disease among the different types of diabetes, it is often confusedly diagnosed in clinical practice and difficult in care. The objective of this study is to reach a multidisciplinary consensus for the establishment of clinical recommendations on T1DM to optimize its undoubtedly diagnostic evaluation and transitional care.

Methods:
Scientific evidence was reviewed by a committee of researchers, based on which recommendations related to T1DM diagnosis were formulated. A two-round method was conducted to compare the opinions of a panel of 32 specialists (adult endocrinologists [53.1%], pediatric endocrinologists [43.8%], a diabetes educator for child and adolescent [3.1%]) on these issues.

Results:
The panel reached consensus on two of the six items discussed. The four items on which no consensus was reached were related to autoantibody detection and age of onset. Up to 80% of the panelists favored items related to the glucagon test and diabetic ketoacidosis history for T1DM diagnosis. Consensus regarding transitional care through diabetes educators was established.

Conclusion:
The assessment conducted by experts on T1DM showed a high level of professional agreement regarding the proposed diagnostic and transitional care recommendations. A comprehensive analysis of the latest evidence is warranted for the items on which consensus was not established.
Cell-free DNA in lung transplantation: research tool or clinical workhorse?
Authors: Keller Michael , Agbor-Enoh Sean 
Published: June 2022

Purpose of review
Recent evidence indicates that plasma donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is a sensitive biomarker for the detection of underlying allograft injury, including rejection and infection. In this review, we will cover the latest evidence revolving around dd-cfDNA in lung transplantation and its role in both advancing mechanistic insight into disease states in lung transplant recipients as well as its potential clinical utility.

Recent findings
Plasma dd-cfDNA increases in the setting of allograft injury, including in primary graft dysfunction, acute cellular rejection, antibody-mediated rejection and infection. Dd-cfDNA has demonstrated good performance characteristics for the detection of various allograft injury states, most notably with a high negative-predictive value for detection of acute rejection. Elevated levels of dd-cfDNA in the early posttransplant period, reflecting molecular evidence of lung allograft injury, are associated with increased risk of chronic lung allograft dysfunction and death.

Summary
As a quantitative, molecular biomarker of lung allograft injury, dd-cfDNA holds great promise in clinical and research settings for advancing methods of posttransplant surveillance monitoring, diagnosis of allograft injury states, monitoring adequacy of immunosuppression, risk stratification and unlocking pathophysiological mechanisms of various disease.
The Effect of Preoperative Fiber on Postoperative Bowel Function After Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maheshwari Deepali , Hall Cynthia D. , Jia Xibei , Tangada Abhilasha , Wu Emily K. , Leung Katherine , Flynn Michael K. 
Published: June 2022

Importance
There are limited studies evaluating the effect of preoperative interventions on postoperative bowel function after prolapse surgery.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate if preoperative fiber intake reduces time to first bowel movement after surgery for pelvic organ prolapse.

Study Design
We performed a randomized controlled trial of women undergoing pelvic organ prolapse surgery between July 2019 and May 2021. Participants were recruited at their preoperative visit and randomized to receive either 3.4 g psyllium fiber supplementation twice a day for 1 week before surgery or no fiber supplementation before surgery. Postoperative bowel regimen was standardized for both groups. Participants completed a bowel diary for their first postoperative bowel movement after surgery characterized by the Bristol Stool Scale and any associated pain or urgency. The primary outcome was time to first bowel movement. Secondary outcomes included pain associated with first bowel movement.

Results
Eighty-four patients were enrolled in the study. Seventy-one patients had complete data for primary analysis, with 35 patients in the intervention group and 36 patients in the control group. Demographic and perioperative characteristics were similar between the groups. There was no difference found between the groups with respect to time to first bowel movement (control: 68.3 [SD, 25] hours vs intervention: 66.5 [SD, 23] hours, P = 0.749). There was no difference found with pain associated with first bowel movement (visual analog scale median [interquartile range] control: 2.0 [0.0–4.0] vs intervention: 2.0 [1.0–4.0]; P = 0.655).

Conclusions
Preoperative fiber supplementation before prolapse surgery does not improve time to first bowel movement after surgery.
Nocardioides panacis sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field
Authors: Park Yuna , Liu Qingzhen , Maeng Soohyun , Choi Won Jung , Chang Yoonjee , Im Wan-Taek 
Published: June 2022

A bacterial strain designated as G188T was isolated from ginseng field soil in the Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain G188T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Nocardioides, family

Nocardioidaceae

, order

Propionibacteriales

. Sequence similarity revealed that strain G188T was most closely related to

Nocardioides iriomotensis

IR27-S3T (97.7 % 16S rRNA similarity). The genome size of strain G188T was 4 901 775 bp, and the genomic DNA G+C content was 72.3 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and DNA–DNA hybridization values with other

Nocardioides

species were less than 75.6 and 20.1 %, respectively. The main fatty acids of strain G188T were C17 : 0, C17 : 1
ω8c and iso-C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylinositol, and the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 8, supporting that strain G188T was affiliated with the genus

Nocardioides

. Based on biochemical, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, the novel species Nocardioides panacis G188T (KACC 21695T=LMG 31733T) is proposed.
Heterogeneity of the placenta in health and disease explored through integrated histology, gene expression and modelling
Authors: Yong Hannah Ee Juen , Maksym Kasia , Yusoff Muhammad Ashraf Bin , Salazar-Petres Esteban , Nazarenko Tatiana , Zaikin Alexey , David Anna L , Hillman Sara L , Sferruzzi-Perri Amanda N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Altered placental formation and functional capacity are major contributors to FGR pathogenesis. Relating placental structure to function across the placenta in healthy and FGR pregnancies remains largely unexplored but could improve understanding of placental diseases. We investigated integration of these parameters spatially in the term human placenta using predictive modelling. Systematic sampling was able to overcome heterogeneity in placental morphological and molecular features. Defects in villous development, elevated fibrosis, and reduced expression of growth and functional marker genes (IGF2, VEGA, SLC38A1, SLC2A3) were seen in age-matched term FGR versus healthy control placentas. Characteristic histopathological changes with specific accompanying molecular signatures could be integrated through computational modelling to predict if the placenta came from a healthy or FGR pregnancy. Our findings yield new insights into the spatial relationship between placental structure and function and the aetiology of FGR.
Postnatal depression, to treat or not to treat: Long-term consequences of postnatal selective SSRI treatment on mother and child
Authors: Liu Chao-Yu , Ystrom Eivind , McAdams Tom A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are recommended for postnatal depression (PND) treatment, a lack of evidence regarding the long-term consequences of postnatal SSRI use have resulted in treatment hesitancy.MethodsThe current study used longitudinal data on a total of 60654 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) to examine associations between PND and maternal outcomes (depression and anxiety, relationship satisfaction) and child outcomes (motor and language development, emotional and behavioral problems) from birth to postpartum year 5. We tested whether postnatal SSRI treatment moderated the effects of PND on maternal and child outcomes. A propensity score was used to control for pre- /antenatal factors that impacted the probability of receiving SSRIs.ResultsPND was associated with poor maternal mental health outcomes and problems in child development. Use of SSRIs mitigated the associations between PND and later maternal mental health distress and child externalizing behaviors up to postpartum year 5. We found no evidence to indicate that the use of SSRIs was associated with increased risk of negative outcomes in emotional, behavioural, motor and language development in offspring.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that SSRI treatment for PND may bring benefits in the long term by attenuating the detrimental associations between PND and subsequent maternal depression and child externalizing behaviors. The study provides valuable information for clinicians and women with PND to help make informed decisions regarding treatment.
The immunogenomic landscape of cattle
Authors: Li Ting-Ting , Xia Tian , Wu Jia-Qi , Hong Hao , Sun Zhao-Lin , Wang Ming , Ding Fang-Rong , Wang Jing , Jiang Shuai , Li Jin , Pan Jie , Yang Guang , Feng Jian-Nan , Dai Yun-Ping , Zhang Xue-Min , Zhou Tao , Li Tao 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTHere, we report the de novo assembly of a cattle genome using ultra-long-read nanopore sequencing in conjunction with other advanced technologies. The assembled genome contains only 145 contigs (N50 ∼ 74.0 Mb). Compare to the current reference cattle genome ARS-UCD1.2, 154 gaps are closed, and 467 scaffolds are further placed in our assembly. Importantly, except two remained gaps in the T-cell receptor α/δ (TRA/TRD) region, the gene loci of other TRs and immunoglobulins (IGs) are seamlessly assembled and exquisitely annotated. With the characterization of 258 IG genes and 626 TR genes that distributed in seven genomic loci, we illustrate the highest immune gene diversity in mammals to our knowledge. Moreover, the gene structures of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are integrally depicted with properly phased haplotypes. Thus, our work not only reports a cattle genome with the most continuity and completeness, but also provide a comprehensive view of the complex immune- genome.
Integration of single-cell RNA and protein data identifies novel clinically-relevant lymphocyte phenotypes in breast cancers
Authors: Al-Eryani Ghamdan , Bartonicek Nenad , Chan Chia-Ling , Anderson Alma , Harvey Kate , Wu Sunny Z. , Roden Dan , Wang Taopeng , Reeves John , Yeung Bertrand Z , Masle-Farquhar Etienne , Goodnow Christopher C , Ma Cindy , Phan Tri G. , Lundeberg Joakim , Junankar Simon , Swarbrick Alexander 
Published: June 2022

SummaryImmune cells are critical determinants of solid tumour aetiology, but the diverse phenotypes of intra-tumoural immune cells remain incompletely characterised. We applied integrated single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) and highly multiplexed protein epitope analysis to a cohort of breast cancer samples to resolve cell states within the tumour microenvironment. We reveal novel protein markers for resting and activated tumour infiltrating lymphocytes, and show that high expression of CD103 primarily marks exhausted CD8 rather than tissue resident CD8 T-cells in human breast cancers. We identify two distinct states of activated CD4+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. A population resembling conventional Tfh (cTfh) cells were localised primarily to lymphoid aggregates by spatial transcriptomics. In contrast, cancer associated Tfh (caTfh) cells expressing markers of tissue residency and exhaustion co-localized with cancer foci and signalled to macrophages. Importantly, increased caTfh : cTfh ratio associated with improved disease outcome and response to checkpoint immunotherapy.
Molecular simulations reveal a mechanism for enhanced allosteric coupling between voltage-sensor and pore domains in KCNQ1 explaining its activation by ML277
Authors: Kuenze Georg , Vanoye Carlos G. , Wilkinson Mason C. , Desai Reshma R. , Adusumilli Sneha , Sanders Charles R. , George Alfred L. , Meiler Jens 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe voltage-gated potassium channel KCNQ1 (KV7.1) is important for the repolarizing phase of the cardiac action potential. Activators of KCNQ1 may provide a strategy for the pharmacological treatment of congenital long QT syndrome, a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in KCNQ1 that promote arrhythmia susceptibility and elevate risk for sudden cardiac death. The small-molecule agonist ML277 recovers function of mutant KCNQ1 channels in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and could represent a starting point for drug development. Here we investigated ML277 mode of action by developing a molecular model of the KCNQ1-ML277 interaction corroborated by experimental and computational analyses. Ligand docking and molecular dynamics simulation demonstrated that ML277 binds to the interface between the voltage sensor and pore domains in KCNQ1. Model predicted binding energies for ML277 and 62 chemical analogs of ML277 correlated with EC50 data available for these compounds. We identified novel ML277-interacting residues on the S5 and S6 segments of KCNQ1 by performing MM/PBSA energy calculations and site-directed mutagenesis of KCNQ1 coupled to electrophysiological characterization of the generated channel mutants. Network analysis of the molecular dynamics simulations further showed that ML277 increases the allosteric coupling efficiency between residues in the voltage sensor domain and residues in the pore domain. Derivatives of ML277 that are not active on KCNQ1 fail to increase allosteric coupling efficiency in the computational simulations. Our results reveal atomic details of the ML277 modulation of KCNQ1 activation. These findings may be useful for the design of allosteric modulators of KCNQ1 and other KCNQ channels that bind at the membrane-accessible protein surface.Statement of SignificanceThe potassium ion channel KCNQ1 contributes to the generation of electrical impulses in the heart. Heritable mutations in KCNQ1 can cause channel loss-of-function and predispose to a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia. Small molecules that bind KCNQ1 and enhance channel function could establish a novel anti-arrhythmic drug paradigm. We used molecular simulations to investigate how a small agonist of KCNQ1 (ML277) binds to the KCNQ1 channel and increases its function. We identified amino acids that are responsible for ML277 binding and show how ML277 promotes signaling in KCNQ1 and channel opening. This work advances our understanding how KCNQ1 and possibly other potassium channels can be activated with small molecules. These data provide a framework for drug development studies.