bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the shallow characteristics of dome structures by deep reflection surface wave imaging — A study on the Cuonadong dome
Authors: Wang Guangwen , Lu Zhanwu , Li Wenhui , Xue Shuai , Wang Haiyan , Cheng Yongzhi , Chen Si , Cai Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As interference waves in deep reflection data processing, surface waves are often suppressed as noise, but surface waves carry considerable underground media information, including structural information and the physical properties of rocks. Reasonable extraction and use of surface wave signals are of great significance for studying the underground structure, regional velocity characteristics, and physical properties of rocks. The deep reflection data are collected using large offsets, trail spacing, and explosive sources. The surface wave energy tends to be stronger, and the high-frequency surface wave signal is abundant. After extraction and inversion, the shallow high-precision shear wave velocity structure can be obtained. Near the Cuonadong dome in the southern Tibet detachment system (STDS), a large number of leucogranites are developed in the core, containing important rare metal minerals and high metallogenic potential. However, the research degree is relatively low, especially for the shallow part. In this paper, we use deep reflection data from a profile through the Cuonadong dome to obtain the S-wave velocity structure of the shallow 0-1.5 km layer by extracting the surface wave fundamental-order dispersion curve and inversion. Combined with the regional geological and geomagnetic data, we explained the variation in the sedimentary layer thickness of the Cuonadong dome; speculate that there may be several hidden faults in the Cuonadong dome that extend shallowly; revealed the high-velocity anomaly and its characteristics under the Cuonadong dome. These understandings of the structure and velocity field of the Cuonadong dome can provide a powerful geophysical basis for establishing the dome structure model and searching for hidden ore bodies.
Fruit trait and seed size measurements and molecular phylogenetic analysis of Kazakhstan melon as an example of melon development on the Silk Road
Authors: Kato Kenji , Tanaka Katsunori , Sugiyama Mitsuhiro , Shigita Gentaro , Murakami Ryoma , Duong Thanh-Thuy , Aierken Yasheng , Artemyeva Anna M , Mamypbelov Zharas , Ishikawa Ryuji , Nishida Hidetaka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Melons from the famous Silk Road have not been studied for their population structure, phylogenetic relationship, and diversity, which suggests their need for genetic study and breeding. Measurements of fruit and seed traits and a phylogenetic analysis of five chloroplast genome markers, 17 RAPD markers and 11 SSR markers were conducted for 87 Kazakh melon accessions with reference accessions. Fruit weight and shape was highly variable across Kazakh melons and was highly correlated with fruit length, fruit width, and pulp thickness. Fruit length could characterize Kazakh melon groups, while pulp thickness associated with fruit width was conserved due to culinary use, as was pulp sweetness. Molecular phylogeny showed that two unique genetic groups, STIa-2 with Ib-1/-2 cytoplasm and STIa-1 with Ib-3 cytoplasm, and one admixed group, STIAD combined with STIa and STIb, were prevalent across all Kazakh melon groups. STIAD melons that phylogenetically overlapped with STIa-1 and STIa-2 melons were frequent in the eastern Silk Road region, including Kazakhstan. Evidently, a small population contributed to melon development and variation in the historical record of the eastern Silk Road. Conscious preservation of fruit traits specific to Kazakh melon groups, with andromonoecy, is thought to play a role in the conservation of Kazakh melon genetic variation during melon production, where hybrid progenies were generated through open pollination. This overview of fruit phenotypic and molecular variation supports the belief that recurrent selection for edible parts after crop domestication involves varietal variation.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Conflict and Health System–Related Violent Events in Libya: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Lin Tracy Kuo , Werner Kalin , Hamza Mariam , Herbst Christopher 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the United Nations Security Council passed resolution S/RES2532 (2020), requesting the cessation of hostilities. Despite initiatives for a ceasefire, descriptive evidence suggests that both conflict and violent events have remained unabated—and, in some cases, escalated during the first months of the pandemic. This study incorporates a longer time frame than previous studies to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on violent and non-violent political events—including health system-related violence—in Libya, which has been experiencing a protracted conflict since 2014.
Methods
We analyze data on violent and non-violent political events that took place from 1 January 2015 to 31 August 2021 in Libya. The study conducts descriptive statistics on event counts, using a Chi-square test and a Kruskal-Wallis H test. We use an interrupted time series analysis to evaluate the impact of the pandemic—both short and long term—on the incidence of violent and non-violent political events in Libya.
Results
We find a reduction of approximately 21 battles (p < 0.001) during only the first month of the pandemic. However, overall, throughout the pandemic, there was an increase of roughly one battle per month (p < 0.001). The pandemic is associated with a reduction in the number of riots (− 0.29, p < 0.05) and strategic developments (− 0.72, p < 0.05). In the first year of the pandemic, the number of overall fatalities per month dropped significantly (− 31.67, p < 0.05). Nevertheless, during the second year of the pandemic, this trend reverted to an increase of approximately 42 fatalities per month (p < 0.05). The violence that affected healthcare workers decreased during the first year of the pandemic (p < 0.001), but by the second year the reduction in healthcare worker–related violence had dissipated.
Conclusions
There is an immediate decline in battles and fatalities during the earlier period of the pandemic; however, these declines do not last long. This pattern is a troubling one, particularly since it is observed while there is an international agreement for a ceasefire in place and a specific peace agreement occurring in Libya.
Increased level of Complement C3 in patients with osteoporosis and enhanced osteogenic ability in osteoblasts with Complement component 3 knockdown
Authors: Yu Yang , Tong Minghao , Tang Binbin , Shi Xiaolin , Liu Kang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective(s):Complement C3 has the potential to impact bone homeostasis. The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in serum Complement C3 levels between osteoporosis patients and non-osteoporosis patients, as well as how Complement C3 silencing impacts and works on osteoblast osteogenesis.Materials and Methods: 58 people who underwent dual energy X-ray bone mineral densit(BMD) measurement in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from June to September 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the classification of BMD t value, the subjects were divided into 31 cases in osteoporosis group and 27 cases in non- osteoporosis group. Complement C3 levels were recorded. and compared between the two groups. Then, the Complement C3 knockdown lentivirus was used to transfect Raji. The Raji-osteoblast line MG63 co-culture system was constructed after the stable strain was screened. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to assess the proliferation and apoptosis of MG63, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used to evaluate the osteogenic ability of MG63, and RT-PCR was used to assess the expression level of osteoprotegerin（OPG）of MG63.Results:Complement C3 levels in osteoporosis patients' serum are elevated，the proliferation level and osteogenic ability of MG63 were improved in Complement C3 knockdown Raji-osteoblast MG63 co-culture system. Furthermore, OPG expression in MG63 was enhanced.Conclusion:To sum it up, the level of Complement C3 in the serum of osteoporosis patients is elevated.Knocking down Complement C3 boost osteoblast osteogenic ability, which may be achieved by controlling OPG / RANKL / RANK system.
Genetic Link Between Primary Biliary Cholangitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fan Junyu , Jiang Ting , He Dongyi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Although observational studies have shown that primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) frequently coincide, it is unclear whether a causative relationship exists between the two diseases. This study aimed to assess the causal associations between PBC and RA.
Methods
We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Following a strict assessment, genome-wide association study datasets were used to select potential candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine whether the MR results were affected by heterogeneity and pleiotropy.
Results
We found that genetically increased PBC risk had a positive causal effect on RA (inverse-variance weighted odds ratio [IVW OR] 1.149, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.063–1.241, P < 0.001). Horizontal pleiotropy was unlikely to influence causation according to the MR-Egger regression (intercept=-0.028, P = 0.263). Sensitivity analyses using the leave-one-out method further confirmed that the MR analysis results were reliable and robust. In contrast, the reverse MR analysis found no evidence of a causal effect of RA on PBC (IVW OR 1.132, 95% CI 0.881–1.454, P = 0.333).
Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence that PBC has a unidirectional effect on RA in the European population. Given the increased risk of PBC in RA and both being autoimmune conditions, awareness and thorough screening are imperative in clinical practice.
Relationship Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Erythema Nodosum and Psoriasis: Using Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Lu Jianhua , Liang Danna , Sun Weijian , Zhao Shengsheng , Ye Chuyuan , Chen Bozhen , Chen Jiangnan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Erythema nodosum and psoriasis are two prevalent extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Erythema nodosum usually appears before or after the onset of IBD. Therefore, it has to be studied whether there is an association between erythema nodosum, psoriasis, and IBD, and their causal relationship remains to be explored.
Methods
To choose acceptable instruments, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with exposure, a series of quality control measures were used in our study. We utilized several robust analytical methods (inverse-variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger regression) based on different assumptions of two-sample MR analysis to obtain more robust and reliable conclusions. To assess the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities, and stability of these genetic variants on erythema nodosum, MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's test, and "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis were performed.
Results
Our two-sample Mendelian randomized analysis, exposure GWAS aggregate, and GWAS aggregate results showed a positive association between IBD and erythema nodosum and psoriasis, consistent with many published observational studies, but our calculations revealed no statistical difference between the two.
Conclusion
MR estimations showed no significant association between inflammatory bowel disease and erythema nodosum (OR = 1.069; P > 0.05) and psoriasis (OR = 1.014; P > 0.05). Therefore, further research is required to understand better the relationship between IBD and erythema nodosum and psoriasis.
Organic Radish Yield, Economics and Soil Properties as Affected by Biochar in Subtropical Inceptisol
Authors: Nazir Jasiya , Sharma Peeyush , Abrol Vikas , Srinivas Ch. , Samnotra Ravi , Sharma Vikas , Kumar Satesh , Anand Shrdha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Rapid decomposition of organic manure and utilization of rice husk waste are the two major issues in improving soil and environment quality. However, information regarding biochar effects on aggregate associated carbon, water retention, and bulk density are limited in high water demanding organically grown vegetable crop. In this experiment we have studied effect of rice husk biochar and compost (FYM, vermicompost) alone and in combination in two factorial randomized block design with three replicates on soil properties, economics and yield of radish crop in sandy clay loam soil. Increased soil moisture, infiltration rate and mean weight diameter, aggregate associated carbon and reduced bulk density and penetration resistance were recorded in biochar and compost amended plots relative to control. 1.14, 2.54 times higher WUE and 1.13, 2.53 times higher root yield were recorded in treatments receiving biochar and manure (FYM+VC) as compared to without biochar and manure (OM0), respectively. While sole application of biochar did not have any significant effect on soil properties and growth performance of radish. Our results suggest that biochar addition with manure is effective tool to improve soil structure, WUE, economics and yield of radish.
Comparative Clinical Outcome Following Individualized Follitropin Delta Dosing In Chinese Women Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation For In Vitro Fertilization /Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Authors: Yang Rui , Zhang Yunshan , Liang Xiaoyan , Song Xueru , Wei Zhaolian , Liu Jianqiao , Yang Yezhou , Tan Jichun , Zhang Qingxue , Sun Yingpu , Wang Wei , Qian Weiping , Jin Lei , Wang Shuyu , Xu Yang , Yang Jing , Goethberg Marie , Mannaerts Bernadette , Wu Wen , Zheng Zugeng , Qiao Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: To compare the efficacy and safety of follitropin delta in its individualized fixed-dose regimen with follitropin alfa in a conventional adjustable dosing regimen in Chinese women.Methods: This was a subgroup analysis of the randomized, multi-center, assessor-blind, non-inferiority trial (GRAPE) including 759 Chinese women (aged 20-40 years) recruited in 16 reproductive medicine clinics in China. Women were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to be treated with either follitropin delta dosed based on anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and body weight or conventional dosing with follitropin alfa following a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy rate assessed 10-11 weeks after embryo transfer in the fresh cycle (non-inferiority margin -10.0%).Results: 378 women in the follitropin delta group and 381 in the follitropin alfa group were randomized and exposed. Non-inferiority was confirmed with respect to ongoing pregnancy with rates of 31.0% vs. 25.7% for follitropin delta compared to follitropin alfa, estimated mean difference of 5.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) -1.3% to 11.5%). The individualized follitropin delta dosing algorithm resulted in lower follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) dose for both the total microgram dose (76.7 ± 23.8 µg vs. 110.4 ± 31.2 µg, P<0.001) and average daily dose (8.5 ± 2.3 µg/day vs. 12.4 ± 1.5 µg/day, P<0.001), optimized ovarian response with lower number of oocytes retrieved (10.3 ± 6.2 vs. 12.5 ± 7.5, P<0.001) and lower incidence of early ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) and/or preventive interventions (6.1% vs. 11.0%, P=0.013). A daily follitropin delta dose of 10.2 µg (95% CI: 9.3 - 11.2 µg) was estimated to provide the same number of oocytes retrieved as a starting dose of 150 IU/d of follitropin alfa. Conclusion: Follitropin delta in its individualized fixed-dose regimen showed similar efficacy and improved safety compared with follitropin alfa in a conventional adjustable dosing regimen in Chinese women.Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03296527.
The crop residue conundrum: maintaining long-term soil organic carbon stocks while reinforcing the bioeconomy, compatible endeavors?
Authors: Andrade Christhel , Clivot Hugues , Albers Ariane , Zamora-Ledezma Ezequiel , Hamelin Lorie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Crop residues are key to supply carbon to the bioeconomy without interfering with food security. However, it is often suggested to export no more than half of this potential to ensure the maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. In this study, we challenge this idea by assessing how the residues use for the bioeconomy is intertwined with the maintenance of long-term SOC stocks, and thus the amount that can safely be harvested. We considered the coproduct return to the soil from five bioeconomy scenarios: i) pyrolysis biochar, ii) gasification biochar, iii) hydrothermal liquefaction hydrochar, iv) anaerobic digestion digestate, and v) lignocellulosic ethanol molasses. To compare the long-term SOC changes from these scenarios against a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, in which crop residues are left unharvested, we developed an original framework coupling a SOC model with a bioeconomy module, that we applied at high spatial resolution to cover over 60,000 combinations of crop rotations and pedoclimatic units over France, for 2020–2120. The SOC model was adapted to consider the recalcitrance to degradation of each coproduct, while the bioeconomy module determines the share of carbon from the crop residues allocated to the coproducts. Our results show that crop residues could be completely harvested if biochar from pyrolysis or gasification is returned to soils, with SOC expected to double as compared to the BAU scenario. Replacing crop residues with hydrochar was shown to increase SOC stocks in 87% of the areas (max + 8%), while the digestate scenario predicted minor SOC increases in 50% of the areas (max + 0.76%) and decreases in 40% of the areas (min − 4%). The molasses scenario yielded SOC losses in all the areas and is thus not recommended as a C maintenance strategy. Excluding these, an additional amount of 60.4–191 PJ of crop residues (use-dependent) could be available for the French bioeconomy in comparison to applying a universal removal rate of 31.5%.
Current Challenges to Adolescent Well-being
Authors: Jeevar Vincent , Chapman-Little Bonneta , Jackson Sarah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mental health problems are increasing among adolescents with depression, anxiety, and multiple areas where self-esteem is negatively impacted on the rise. Dangers of social media use include social comparison and the risk of not receiving positive feedback. This study focused on a review of previous research literature and used data supplied by RemedyLive. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of social media on an adolescent’s well-being. The data were provided and complied by RemedyLive with all individual user data scrubbed. RemedyLive is an organization offering support to students in middle and high school around the United States. RemedyLive operates the ‘Get Schooled Tour’, giving talks in schools and asking students to respond to questions regarding family, friends, school, and other areas that may influence mental health. The findings suggest that school and homework are top stressors for students, with 35% of high school students reporting high levels of anxiety. There are numerous concerns with social media relating to increases in depression, anxiety, and lower self-esteem. The content, especially on Instagram, significantly lowers mental health, However, with 60% of students reporting 4 or more hours of non-academic screen time each day there is less time being spent on productive and academic tasks. The conclusion of the research points to a concerning relationship between social media platforms and decreasing adolescent mental health that suggest the dangers of social media are indirect and often unnoticed by adolescents and young adults. An ongoing analysis of social media on development is recommended for further investigation to determine the long-term effects.
Elucidating intramuscular neural distribution of the quadratus lumborum muscle to propose an optimal trigger point injection for myofascial pain syndrome
Authors: Yi Kyu-Ho , Lee Kyu-Lim , Lee Ji-Hyun , An Min-Ho , Kim Heon-Soo , Kim Hee-Jin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Postural habits and repetitive motion contribute towards the progress of myofascial pain by affecting overload on specific muscles, the quadratus lumborum muscle being the most frequently involved. The therapy of myofascial pain syndrome includes the release of myofascial pain syndrome using injective agents such as botulinum neurotoxin, lidocaine, steroids, and normal saline. However, an optimal injection point has not been established for the quadratus lumborum muscle. This study aimed to propose an optimal injection point for this muscle by studying its intramuscular neural distribution using the whole mount staining method. A modified Sihler’s procedure was completed on 15 quadratus lumborum muscles to visualize the intramuscular arborization areas in terms of the inferior border of the 12th rib, the transverse processes of L1-L4, and the iliac crest. The intramuscular neural distribution of the quadratus lumborum had the densely arborized areas in the three lateral portions of L3-L4 and L4-L5 and the medial portion between L4 and L5.
WITHDRAWN: Synthesis, characterization and computational studies of 2-amino-4-substituted thiazoles, their divalent nickel and cobalt complexes and molecular docking studies of their ligands as potent μ-opioid receptor agonists
Authors: Sarıkavaklı Nursabah , Söyleyici Hakan C. , Erol Fatma , Omara Timothy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, some 2-amino-4-substituted thiazole derivatives (TH1-TH5) and ligands (L1H and L2H) were synthesized from the reaction of TH1 and TH3 with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde which were complexed with divalent nickel and cobalt chloride salts to yield complexes: Ni(L1H)2, Co(L1H)2, Ni(L2H)2 and Co(L2H)2. The structure of the compounds was established on the basis of analytical and spectral (1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR) data. Computational studies of the derivatives and molecular docking of the ligands were done to establish the potential of the ligands as µ-opioid receptor agonists. The derivatives were successfully synthesized and the total and relative total energies of the tautomeric forms indicated that the enol-imine form was the most stable, which was consistent with NMR results. Molecular docking showed that ligand L1H had the best binding energy (-6.81 Kcal/mol) with an inhibition constant of 10.25. The molecular docking results offer an insight on the structural basis for the comprehension of ligand-binding with µ-opioid receptor which can be harnessed for guiding analgesic drug design based on these derivatives.