bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetically depauperate and still successful: few multilocus genotypes of the introduced parthenogenetic weevil Naupactus cervinus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) prevail in the Continental United States
Authors: Rodriguero Marcela Silvina , Confalonieri Viviana A. , Smith Ava Mackay , Dornon Mary Kate , Zagoren Eleanor , Palmer Alice , Sequeira Andrea S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Naupactus cervinus is a parthenogenetic weevil native to South America that is currently distributed worldwide. This flightless species is polyphagous and capable of modifying gene expression regimes for responding to stressful situations. Naupactus cervinus was first reported in the Continental US in 1874 and has rapidly colonized most of the world since. Previous studies suggested that an invader genotype successfully established even in areas of unsuitable environmental conditions. In the present work we analyze mitochondrial and nuclear sequences from 59 individuals collected in 13 localities across three states in the Southern US in order to describe the genetic diversity in this area of introduction not previously studied. Our results suggest that 97% of the samples carry the most prevalent invader genotype already reported, while a few show a novel mitochondrial derivative. This would support the hypothesis of a general purpose genotype capable of coping with adverse conditions and enlarging its geographical range. Given the historical introduction records and the prevalence of the invader genotype, it is possible that the continental US may act as a secondary source of introductions to other areas. Parthenogenesis and its associated lack of recombination could be useful in maintaining the linkage of genetic variants that facilitate colonization of distant, inadequate areas. We propose that scarce genetic variation in places of introduction may in fact be an asset that allows N . cervinus to thrive across a range of environmental conditions.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis Rehabilitation in Iran
Authors: Darvishi Ali , Mousavi Mirtaher , Shirazikhah Marzieh , Zarei Mehdi Alizadeh , Hendi Hamidreza , Joghataei Faezeh , Daroudi Rajabali 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is associated with a significant impact on quality of life and has various social and economic outcomes. There is ample evidence of the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions on this disease. So we aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of MS rehabilitation in Iran. Methods: A full economic evaluation was conducted using a Markov model. The structure of the model was designed according to the nature of interventions and the natural course of the disease. Parameters and variables were extracted from the available evidence. Costs and outcomes were calculated from the social perspective and a 5-year time horizon (60 monthly cycles) was considered for base-case analysis. Costs were estimated based on approved national standards for MS rehabilitation. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis was also performed. TreeAge 2020 was used in all stages of analysis.Results: Average cost of rehabilitation strategy is higher compared to non-rehabilitation strategy, but with higher quality-adjusted life years (QALY) values. The amount of incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was equal to $2,845.8 per QALY, which indicated that the rehabilitation strategy is cost-effective. By changing the Markov time horizon from 5 years to 10 years as a deterministic sensitivity analysis (DSA), the rehabilitation strategy was dominant in terms of cost-effectiveness. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) results also confirmed the base case results with good probability. Conclusions: The MS rehabilitation was cost-effective. Also, by increasing the time horizon, the probability of cost-effectiveness of rehabilitation increases. The results of PSA also confirmed these findings.
An enantioselective four-component reaction via assembling two reaction intermediates
Authors: Qiu Huang , Yu Sifan , Chang Wenju , Hua Ruyu , Jie Xiaoting , Zhang Mengchu , Zhao Wenxuan , Chen Jinzhou , Zhang Dan , Liang Yong , Hu Wenhao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reaction intermediate is a key molecular entity that has been used in explaining how the starting materials converts into the final products in the reaction, and it is always unstable, high-reactive, and short-lived. Extensive efforts have been devoted in identifying and characterizing such species via advanced physico-chemical analytical techniques. As an appealing alternative, trapping experiment with additional chemicals represents an efficient and powerful tool in this field. More importantly, this trapping strategy opens an opportunity to discovering new multicomponent reactions, and theoretically, novel multicomponent reactions with a ‘higher order’ variant could be developed via assembling two reaction intermediates. Herein, we report a highly diastereoselective and enantioselective four-component reactions (containing alcohols, diazoesters, enamines/indoles and aldehydes) that involve the coupling of in situ generated two intermediates (iminium and enol). These four-component reactions proceed under mild reaction conditions and show high functional group tolerance as well as broad substrate scope, affording the desired four-component coupling products (> 100 examples) with high efficiency. Notably, present four-component reaction is well compatible with a number of classic MCRs. A plausible mechanism with cross interception of the two active intermediates is also proposed based on a set of experimental and computational analyses. We hope that this strategy provides a new avenue for the development of novel higher-order MCRs in future research.
Association of preoperative conization with recurrences after laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for FIGO 2018 stage IB1 cervical cancer
Authors: Ding Yan , Zhang Xuyin , Qiu Junjun , Li Chunbo , Hua Keqin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate association of preoperative conization with recurrences after laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) for FIGO 2018 stage IB1 cervical cancer.
Methods
This is a retrospective study reviewing data of patients who underwent LRH for cervical cancer with squamous, adenosquamous and adenocarcinoma subtype from January 2014 to December 2018. All patients were restaged according to the 2018 FIGO staging system. Those who were FIGO 2018 stage IB1 met the inclusion. General characteristics and oncologic outcomes including recurrence-free survival (RFS) were analyzed.
Results
1273 patients were included in the analysis. 616 (48.4%) patients underwent preoperative biopsy, and 657 (51.6%) patients underwent conization. Residual disease was observed in 822 (64.6%) patients. During a median follow-up of 50.30 months, 30 (2.4%) patients experienced recurrence. The univariate analysis showed that patients who had larger tumor diameter, the presence of residual tumor at final pathology, and underwent adjuvant treatment had a significant higher risk of recurrence(P < 0.01). Conversely, patients who underwent conization were significantly less likely to experience recurrence (P = 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the independent risk factor associated with an increased risk of recurrence was resident macroscopic tumor (HR: 38.4, 95% CI:4.20-351.64, P = 0.001). On the contrary, preoperative conization was associated with a significantly lower risk of recurrence (HR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10–0.63, P = 0.003). The Kaplan-Meier curves showed patients who underwent conization had improved survival over those who underwent biopsy (5-year RFS: 98.6% vs 95.1%, P = 0.001). The 5-year RFS of patients with residual tumor was significant difference (R0: 99.2%, R1: 97.4%, R2: 93.6%, P < 0.001), especially the patients with residual macroscopic tumor after conization (R0: 99.5%, R1: 99.0%, R2:92.4%, P = 0.006).
Conclusion
Preoperative conization and the absence of residual tumor at the time of surgery might play a protective role in patients with FIGO 2018 IB1 cervical cancer following LRH, which support the theory of the influence of intraoperative tumor spread during radical hysterectomy. Further prospective evidence is needed.
Lithium carbonate accelerates the healing of periapical periodontitis
Authors: Itoh Shousaku , Kagioka Takumi , Hue Mai , Abe Makoto , Hayashi Mikako 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We previously reported on the restorative properties of lithium chloride (LiCl) for periapical periodontitis using in vivo murine experiment. In this report, looking ahead to potential human clinical applications, we investigated the restorative properties of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) in the healing process of periapical periodontitis. If the application of Li2CO3 into root canals also confers the healing ability for periapical periodontitis, Li+ has the healing ability for periapical periodontitis. In this report, we used rats instead of mice in our experiments. From rat root canal treatment model experiments, we found that the application of Li2CO3 in the treatment of root canals was not only safe for the rat subjects, but it also conferred restorative properties to accelerate the healing of periapical periodontitis. The application of Li2CO3 induced CD68/CD206-double positive cells (i.e., M2 macrophages) and Foxp3-positive cells (i.e., regulatory T cells) in the rats’ periapical lesions at an early stage of inflammation. After 24 h from the application of Li2CO3, Axin2 positive cells were observed in periapical lesion. Our findings demonstrated that Li2CO3 activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and accelerates the healing process, making it a potential novel intracanal medicament for periapical periodontitis.
A relative comparison of antibacterial strength between platelet lysate and platelet factor 4 in vitro
Authors: Goodarzi Alireza , Roshani Mahdane , Arabestani Mohammadreza 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Recently the role of platelets in the tissue regeneration, wound healing, and prevention and control of infections have been reported. The treatment of bacterial infections has become a global challenge due to the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria; therefore, the development of new treatment options for the mentioned infections is essential. We assessed the antibacterial effect of human platelet lysate (PL) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) on bacteria commonly found in nosocomial infections.
Methods
In this study, the antibacterial activity of PL and PF4 was tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii by well diffusion and serial micro-dilution methods.
Results
In vitro results showed that PF4 inhibited the growth of S. aureus, E. faecalis A. baumannii, as a new antibacterial agent. While PL had no discernible impact on the growth parameters of any bacterium tested.
Conclusion
PF4 that is a biocompatible and safe product could be potentially useful in nosocomial infections. The use of PF4 is an attractive strategy for treating A. baumannii and S. aureus, E. faecalis nosocomial infections because it inhibits bacterial growth.
Human papilloma virus (HPV) integration signature in Cervical Lesions: identification of MACROD2 gene as HPV hot spot integration site.
Authors: Zhao Junwei , Zheng Wei , Wang Liqian , Jiang Haiyang , Wang Xiuli , Hou Jianqing , Xu Anli , Cong Jianglin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
High-risk HPV is clearly associated with cervical cancer. Integration of HPV DNA into the host genome is considered a key event in driving cervical carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism on how HR-HPV integration influences the host genome structure has remained enigmatic.
Methods
In our study, 25 DNA samples including 11 from fresh-frozen cervical carcinomas and 14 from fresh-frozen high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSILs) were detected using the method of HPV capture combined with next generation sequencing.
Results
We calculated the frequency in each viral gene or region and found that breakpoints were prone to occur in L1 and L2 instead of E2 in the cervical cancer (P = 0.0004 and P = 5.15×10− 40) and HSIL group (P = 2.1×10− 32 and P = 7.06×10− 13). The results revealed that HPV16 showed a strong tendency towards intronic region (P = 5.02×10–64) but a subtle tendency towards intergenic region (P = 0.04). The most frequent integration site was in the MACROD2 gene (introns 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9), which in MACROD2 functional domain.
Conclusion
Our results revealed that MACROD2 is HPV hot spot integration site in cervical lesions, and its deficiency alter DNA repair and sensitivity to DNA damage thought impaired PARP1 activity resulting in chromosome instability.
Introduction of Sb (V)-metalloid ion supported on mesoporous Nano- γ-alumina as an effective catalytic system for the synthesis of highly substituted tetrahydropyridines under ultrasonic and thermal conditions
Authors: Aghamohammadsadegh Maryam , Bamoniri Abdolhamid , Mirjalili Bi Bi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
In this research work, Nano-γ-Al2O3/Sb(V) was synthesized and characterized as a heterogeneous Lewis acid catalyst. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller plot, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis were used to characterization of Nano-γ-Al2O3/Sb(V). Tetrahydropyridine, is known as the nuclear structure in some natural products and drugs.
Results
Poly substituted tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylates are synthesized via one pot multi component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, aldehyde and aniline derivative. This present study introduces synthesis of tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylate in the presence of Nano-γ-Al2O3/Sb(V) under ultrasonic and thermal conditions.
Conclusion
Compared to the previously reported methods, our attitude is suitable and offers several benefits such as milder reaction conditions, shorter reaction time, excellent yields and use of reusable catalyst.
Optoelectronic Properties of Monolayer and Bilayer AgI: Role of Many-body Interactions
Authors: Shakourian Mehdi , Alavi-Rad Hosein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In an outstanding experimental advance in the field of two-dimensional materials, monolayer AgI was synthesized using a graphene encapsulation approach [Adv.Mater.2022, 34, 2106922]. Herein, inspired by this experimental achievement, the intrinsic electronic and optical properties of monolayer and bilayer AgI are investigated using the density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. For the bilayer, two different stackings are considered namely AA and AB. The results indicate that monolayer and bilayer AgI are direct band gap semiconductors. The G0W0 band gap is predicted to be 3.66, 1.45, and 1.58 eV for monolayer, bilayer AA, and bilayer AB, respectively. The optical spectra achieved from solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation show the first bright exciton to be located at 2.78, 0.65, and 0.75 eV for monolayer, bilayer AA, and bilayer AB, respectively. The obtained optical gaps for the bilayers are found to be much smaller than that of the monolayer, very suitable for optoelectronic applications in the visible light region. The exciton binding energy is calculated to be 0.88, 0.80, and 0.83 eV for monolayer, bilayer AA, and bilayer AB, respectively. Also, the average value of light absorption in the visible area is estimated to be 0.12, 1.16, and 1.09 × 107 m− 1 for monolayer, bilayer AA, and bilayer AB, respectively. The effects of many-body interactions on the optical responses of the structures are evaluated. Overall, it is found that the optoelectronic performance of AgI is improved from monolayer to bilayer. This study provides a fantastic vision concerning the intrinsic physical properties of monolayer and bilayer AgI and highlights their characteristics for optoelectronics applications.
Cardiotocography-dependent experimental comparison between artificial intelligence and human judgement of fetal asphyxia during delivery
Authors: Miyata Kohei , Alkanan Mohannad , Shibata Chihiro , Numano Hirotane , Imamura Toshiro , Fukunishi Hiroaki , Kameda Hiroyuki , Shinohara Kazuhiko , Miyamoto Shingo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cardiotocography (CTG) has been widely used to promote newborn prognosis and has saved a vast number of pregnancies worldwide. The efficacy of this method which depends on real-time diagnosis has not changed for half a century. However, the establishment the computational diagnosis method of CTG with Artificial intelligence (AI) had been required to prevent misinterpretation and lessness of medical resource. Experimental and retrospective studies to estimate the efficiency of AI diagnosis and how it contributes to human diagnosis have thus far only been implemented using small cohorts. The usage of previously developed machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods has generated areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.730 and 0.949, respectively. In this study, diagnoses based on human judgement were collected from obstetricians and midwives. Neither ML nor DL could reach the high performance of humans. However, an aggregation analysis model mimicking the corroboration of newborn asphyxia predictions by human judgment and DL showed higher specificity and accuracy, though the AUC of receiver operating characteristics analyses were still lower than those with humans alone. While further data accumulation and analyses are necessary to increase the accuracy of these methods, they bear the promise of constituting a helpful tool for the safe management of delivery.
Effects of Minimalist Shoes on Pelvic Floor Activity in Nulliparous Women During Running at Different Velocities: a Randomized Cross-over Clinical Trial
Authors: García-Arrabe María , García-Fernández Pablo , Ruiz-Ruiz Beatriz , Prado-Álvarez Rebeca , Romero-Morales Carlos , Díaz-Arribas María José 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: women's participation in running has grown dramatically, leading to an increased number of female pelvic floor pathologies (PFM), such as stress urinary incontinence. Objective: to determine the short-term effects of minimalist versus traditional running shoes on PFM EMG activity, femoral range of motion (ROM) and cadence variables in nulliparous women. Methods: prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial. Fifty-one participants were randomized in two sequences (AB/BA crossover design). Femoral ROM, cadence and PFM activity were recorded. Results: Femur ROM at 6 km/h was higher with minimalist shoes by 1.62 degrees than with traditional shoes (p = 0.001). A main effect of shoe type (p=0.015) consistently observed a higher running cadence with the minimalist shoe compared to the traditional shoe. PFM electromyographic activity reports differences for 11km/h for the total mean (p=0.027) and minimum peaks at 9 km/h (p=0.011) and 11km/h (p=0.048) for the minimalist shoe compared to the traditional ones. Conclusions: Minimalist shoes produce effects on biomechanical running variables. Femur ROM increased to 6 km/h and cadence to 11 km/h with the use of minimalist shoes. The minimalist shoe increased electromyographic activation of PFM in the minimum peaks at speeds of 9 and 11km/h and total mean at speeds of 11km/h.
Cryo-EM structure and B-factor refinement with ensemble representation
Authors: Cragnolini Tristan , Beton Joseph , Topf Maya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cryo-EM experiments produce images of macromolecular assemblies that are combined to produce three-dimensional density maps. It is common to fit atomic models of the contained molecules to interpret those maps, followed by a density-guided refinement. Here, we propose TEMPy-REFF, a novel method for atomic structure refinement in cryo-EM density maps. By representing the atomic positions as components of a mixture model, their variances as B-factors, and a model ensemble description, we significantly improve the fit to the map compared to what is currently achievable with state-of-the-art methods. We validate our method on a large benchmark of 366 cryo-EM maps from EMDB at 1.8-7.1Å resolution and their corresponding PDB assembly models. We also show that our approach can provide newly-modelled regions in EMDB deposited maps by combining it with AlphaFold-Multimer. Finally, our method provides a natural interpretation of maps into components, allowing us to accurately create composite maps.
Sustainable Production of Cellulose Nanoparticles from Biomass in One Pot Treatment
Authors: Vijay Poornima , Batchelor Warren , Saito Kei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The conventional production of nanocellulose from biomass demands multiple steps involving numerous chemicals like corrosive acids, bases, halogenated bleaching agents, and mechanical energy. This research aims to find a greener approach to producing nanocellulose from biomass. In nature, the brown rot fungi utilise iron complex and hydrogen peroxide to overcome the lignin boundary and approach cellulose in biomass. This fact encouraged us to use the same oxidative catalytic system on biomass in a one-pot process. Pinewood sawdust was taken as starting material, and the iron oxide, hydrogen peroxide oxidation system was applied with varying the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and the reaction time. In 6 hours, a 95% pure cellulose with an aspect ratio of 1–15 was obtained from pinewood sawdust using a one-pot system. The yield of the process was very high, i.e., from the total cellulose content in pinewood, 85% of cellulose was recovered in this process. The degree of polymerisation of the obtained cellulose product was 100 ± 20 with the aspect ratio of 1–20, and it had high crystallinity of 75%. This nanocellulose would be a promising material for different derivatising reactions, with its high surface area (15.0 ± 0.5 m2/g) and low degree of polymerisation. This developed one-pot process has avoided using hazardous chemicals to produce nanocellulose material.
Quantifying the impact of alternate climate response uncertainty distributions under the global mitigation scenarios in the UK’s Committee on Climate Change Sixth Carbon budget.
Authors: Gohar Laila , Bernie Dan , Millar Richard , Lowe Jason A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We examine two scenarios of global greenhouse gas emissions developed to inform the Committee on Climate Change’s advice on the level of the UK’s Sixth Carbon Budget - focusing on the uncertainty in the global temperature outcomes associated with new estimates for the Earth’s equilibrium climate sensitivity. The first scenario is a rapid global decarbonisation scenario and the second follows an interpretation of pre-2021 current national commitments to reduce emissions prior to 2030. Updated estimates of equilibrium climate sensitivity have little impact on the median global temperature response, resulting in peak temperature values between 1.7°C to 1.9°C for the scenario aligned with the Paris Agreement, compared to estimated peak warming based on the assessment of IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C. Under all climate sensitivity distributions considered the scenario has a greater than 66% likelihood of limiting peak global mean temperatures to under 2°C throughout the century. The choice of equilibrium sensitivity distribution has greater impact at higher percentiles with differences of up to 0.5°C and 0.8°C in the 95th percentile outcome for the Paris Agreement aligned and current policy scenarios respectively. These differences can bring forward the timing of reaching dangerous levels of global warming by up to a decade.