bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer reactions to pay‐what‐you‐want and name‐your‐own‐price mechanisms
Authors: Wagner Rafael Luis , Pacheco Natalia Araujo , Basso Kenny , Rech Eduardo , Pinto Diego Costa 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPay‐what‐you‐want (PWYW) and name‐your‐own‐price (NYOP) participative pricing mechanisms are becoming more popular among firms. In response, researchers have examined separate outcomes for each mechanism. However, questions remain, especially regarding which mechanism is most beneficial for consumers and companies. Therefore, our main objective is to investigate the role of these participative pricing mechanisms on consumers' pricing satisfaction, pain of payment, and amount of money they intend to pay. We also explore perceived control as mediating the effect of pricing mechanism on pricing satisfaction and pain of payment. Results from two experimental studies indicate that consumers are more satisfied with the pricing mechanism and feel less pain of payment under PWYW offers rather than under NYOP offers, but they intend to pay less than they would have paid for NYOP. External reference prices (ERPs) act as a boundary condition. That is, in both PWYW and NYOP pricing conditions, when retailers use ERPs, consumers intend to pay more but they are less satisfied with pricing and feel more pain of payment. The article concludes with implications for retailers using participative pricing.
Magnesia‐carbon refractories from recycled materials
Authors: Moritz Kirsten , Dudczig Steffen , Endres Hans Georg , Herzog Daniel , Schwarz Matthias , Schöttler Leandro , Veres Daniel , Aneziris Christos G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecycling of used refractories – in particular closed‐loop recycling – gains in importance because of both ecological and economic benefits, such as the conservation of natural resources, reduced landfilling, and the reduction of greenhouse gases and energy consumption. In this work, the use of a magnesia‐carbon (MgO‐C) recyclate for the production of MgO‐C refractories is investigated. Using fused magnesia, the mentioned MgO‐C recyclate, graphite, novolak, and a modified coal tar pitch, test specimens with different recyclate contents (0, 40, 65, and 82 wt%) were prepared on a laboratory scale. The apparent porosity, which is usually higher in recyclate‐based refractories than in recyclate‐free ones, increased by 14% from the specimens made exclusively from virgin raw materials to those made from the mixture containing 82 wt% recyclate. The dynamic Young's modulus and cold modulus of rupture decreased, but the thermal shock resistance was improved by the use of the recyclate.
Chiral separation of calcium channel antagonists by SFC and HPLC using different immobilized chiral stationary phases
Authors: Raja Rupak , Alam Syed Dilshad , Mukhopadhyay Dipanjan , Shirsath Vikas , Jain Arvind K. , ALOthman Zeid A. , Locatelli Marcello , Ali Imran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSupercritical fluid chromatography and high‐performance liquid chromatography techniques are popular for the chiral separations of different drugs and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this article describes a comparative study of the chiral separation of some calcium channel antagonists such as verapamil, gallopamil, and nisoldipine. The columns used were Chiralpak IG and Chiralpak ID (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm). The separation was achieved by using a variety of mobile phases in both techniques. The retention, separation, and resolution factors in SFC were in the range of 1.36–7.30, 1.09–1.72, and 1.16–3.47, while these values in the case of HPLC were 1.03–2.42, 1.12–1.35, and 0.49–2.46. The complete resolution of gallopamil and verapamil was achieved successfully. The chiral recognition was controlled by hydrogen bondings, π‐π interactions, dipole induced dipole interactions, van der Waal forces, and steric effects. SFC was found to be a better technique than HPLC because of quick separation, good separation power, economic, environment‐friendly, and green technology.
Metal‐Organic Framework MIL‐68(In)‐NH2 on the Membrane Test Bench for Dye Removal and Carbon Capture
Authors: Hosseini Monjezi Bahram , Sapotta Benedikt , Moulai Sarah , Zhang Jinju , Oestreich Robert , Ladewig Bradley P. , Müller‐Buschbaum Klaus , Janiak Christoph , Hashem Tawheed , Knebel Alexander 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe metal‐organic framework (MOF) MIL‐68(In)‐NH2 was tested for dye removal from wastewater and carbon capture gas separation. MIL‐68(In)‐NH2 was synthesized as a neat, supported MOF thin film membrane and as spherical particles using pyridine as a modulator to shape the morphology. The neat MIL‐68(In)‐NH2 membranes were employed for dye removal in cross‐flow geometry, demonstrating strong molecular sieving. MIL‐68(In)‐NH2 particles were used for electrospinning of poylethersulfone mixed‐matrix membranes, applied in dead‐end filtration with unprecedented adsorption values. Additionally, the neat MOF membranes were used for H2/CO2 and CO2/CH4 separation.
A cloud service recommendation method based on extended multi‐source information fusion
Authors: Wang Yubiao , Wen Junhao , Zhou Wei , Wang Xibin , Wu Quanwang , Tao Bamei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development of information technology, the problem of “information overload” emerges when users choose cloud services. How to integrate multi‐source information to achieve accurate service recommendation is an urgent problem to be solved by current recommendation systems. This article proposes a cloud service recommendation method based on extended multi‐source information fusion. First, we propose a score prediction based on matrix decomposition and topic matrix, and we fully mine existing explicit data and feedback data, such as user ratings, social trust information, reviews, and user personalized preferences and so on. Second, in order to solve the problems of data sparseness and cold start of the system, we integrate the score, social trust information and review into a comprehensive model through collaborative filtering (CF), and propose a multi‐source information fusion recommendation method. The CF fusion method mainly combines two parts: social matrix decomposition and topic matrix decomposition. Finally, in order to further improve the accuracy and scalability, the implicit feature matrix is integrated into the user rating matrix, and the original CF enhancement based on scoring matrix decomposition is a matrix decomposition method that can learn implicit features. Experimental results show that compared with other recommendation algorithms, the cloud service recommendation method proposed in this article can improve the recommendation accuracy and allow users to choose satisfactory cloud services.
Stocking method and monensin supplementation effects on cow and calf performance and pasture productivity
Authors: Linneen Sara , Williamson Jessica A. , Duppstadt Leanna , Williamson Benjamin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the northeastern United States, pastures are predominantly cool‐season perennial grasses and legumes that are dormant in the summer resulting in a decline in forage nutritive value and availability, commonly referred to as “summer slump.” Strategies to alleviate summer slump may include stocking management or supplementation with or without an ionophore such as monensin to maximize efficiency. A 3‐yr study (n = 32 cow–calf pairs; 718.0 ± of 83.9 kg) was conducted to evaluate the effects of rotational (ROT) or continuous (CONT) stocking method with or without monensin on forage production, pasture nutritive value, and animal production. Continuous and ROT stocking treatments were assigned to eight 2.9‐ha pastures with two replicates/year for 56 grazing days during the summer. Treatments were arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial, and supplements included with or without monensin (200 mg cow−1 daily; Rumensin 90, Elanco Animal Health) delivered once daily (0.45 kg cow−1). Disk meter height was maintained using put‐and‐take animals with four tester cow–calf pairs per pasture. Carrying capacity (CC) and calf average daily gain (ADG) were not influenced by stocking management. Rotational stocking increased cow body weight (BW) change by 6.6 kg. Monensin improved CC by 9% regardless of stocking method but did not affect cow BW change or calf ADG. Based on this study, monensin can improve carrying capacity and stocking rate regardless of stocking method. Implementing rotational stocking may improve pasture health by suppressing weed growth and enhancing forage nutritive value in pastures containing cool‐season perennial forages.
Correcting experimental data for spatial trends in a common bean breeding program
Authors: Salvador Felipe Vicentino , Pereira Gabriela dos Santos , Souza Michel Henriques de , Silva Laiza Maria Bendia da , Santana Alice Silva , de Paula Igor Gonçalves , Steckling Skarlet de Marco , Fernandes Rafael Silva , Marçal Tiago de Souza , Carneiro Antônio Policarpo Souza , Carneiro Pedro Crescêncio Souza , Carneiro José Eustáquio de Souza 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding, several trials are carried out in field conditions to predict the genotypic values, but experimental designs may not be sufficient to capture the field heterogeneity in the experimental area. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of spatial models to correct data from a common bean breeding program for spatial trends and improve the prediction of genotypic values. We used real data from 19 field trials from a common bean breeding program and three experimental designs. The traditional statistical model with design effects and independent errors was fitted and used as the basic model. Later, we fitted a sequence of spatial models to include different residual (co)variance structures for local trends and fixed and random effects based on plot position information to capture global and extraneous trends. The basic model and the best‐fit spatial model were compared regarding the estimates of heritability, accuracy, prediction error variance, and discordance in the top‐ranking genotypes. In most cases, the use of spatial models improved the estimates of heritability and accuracy or, at least, reduced the estimates of prediction error variance. Also, changes in the genotypic values classification were observed. Because no single model presented the best fit for all trials, some of the tested models were recommended for future trials based on the patterns of spatial trends observed. Thus, the use of spatial models helped to improve the data analysis and the prediction of genotypic values by capturing the field heterogeneity in our common bean field trials.
A random pulse modulation approach to modeling the flicker and white noise of the charge pump of a fractional‐N frequency synthesizer
Authors: Wang Xu , Kennedy Michael Peter 
Published: January 2022

SummaryFlicker noise and white noise from the charge pump (CP) within a phase locked loop (PLL) are key contributors to the close‐in phase noise floor of a fractional‐N frequency synthesizer. The pulse train from the phase frequency detector imposes different types of random pulse modulation on the up and down current sources, which causes different modulation effects to the flicker and white noises at low frequency. This paper rigorously analyzes the underlying noise random modulation mechanisms for the system operating in integer‐N and fractional‐N modes. Transient noise simulation using Verilog‐A behavioral modeling followed by power spectrum analysis is applied to support the mathematical analysis of the random noise modulation.
Successful esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection with intraoperative release of stenosis due to previous endoscopic submucosal dissection scarring
Authors: Ishii Rindo , Ohata Ken , Sawada Rikimaru , Takeuchi Nao , Kurebayashi Marie , Inamoto Rin , Takayanagi Syunya , Kimoto Yoshiaki , Nohara Mako , Liu Bo , Negishi Ryoju , Minato Yohei , Muramoto Takashi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the standard endoscopic treatment for early esophageal cancer. Esophageal stricture often occurs at the site of ESD for large lesions. When treating a metachronous lesion appearing at the severe stricture, it may be difficult to negotiate a conventional endoscope through the stricture. Using a thin endoscope may be a useful strategy for such lesions, though ESD using a thin endoscope is challenging because of poor maneuverability. Herein, we report a case of successful ESD for early esophageal cancer at the severe stricture, using a conventional endoscope. A 72‐year‐old man with a previous history of ESD for esophageal cancer and a post‐ESD esophageal stricture was referred to our hospital for metachronous early esophageal cancer. The lesion, 10 mm in diameter, was located at the stricture with a slight distal extension. Conventional endoscopes could not be negotiated through stricture. Therefore, submucosal dissection was performed from the oral to the anal aspect of the lesion, as far as possible. After completion of submucosal dissection of the oral aspect of the lesion and part of the lesion located on the stricture, the severe stricture was released, allowing the passage of conventional endoscope, and ESD of the entire lesion was completed en bloc. Histopathological examination showed squamous cell carcinoma, pT1a‐LPM. Stricture due to scarring may occur during the regeneration process of the defective mucosa, muscularis mucosa, and submucosal layer. Therefore, incision and dissection of the contracted mucosa, mucularis mucosa, and submucosal layer would release the stenosis.
Environmental DNA‐based methods detect the invasion front of an advancing signal crayfish population
Authors: Greenhalgh Jack A. , Collins Rupert A. , Edgley Duncan E. , Genner Martin J. , Hindle Jan , Jones Gareth , Loughlin Lesley , O’donnel Maire , Sweet Michael J. , Battarbee Richard W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAquatic invasive species, such as the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus), present a major threat to freshwater ecosystems. However, these species can be challenging to detect in recently invaded habitats. Environmental DNA (eDNA)–based methods are highly sensitive and capable of detecting just a few copies of target DNA from non‐invasively collected samples. Therefore, they have considerable potential for broad‐scale use in mapping and monitoring the spread of invasive species. In this study, we aimed to increase our understanding of the current distribution of signal crayfish in a headwater stream system in the United Kingdom (tributaries of the River Wharfe, Addingham, Yorkshire). Environmental DNA sampling, assessment of water chemistry variables, and conventional crayfish hand‐searching were conducted across 19 study sites in five tributary streams. Using hand‐searching, we detected signal crayfish at 26% of the sites (5/19 study sites). However, using eDNA‐based methods, occupancy increased to 47% of study sites (9/19). Our sampling revealed previously unknown sites of crayfish occupancy, and using eDNA‐based methods, we were able to define the geographical extent of the invasion front in each headwater stream sampled. This study highlights that eDNA‐based methods are well‐suited for detecting newly established signal crayfish populations in recently invaded habitats, even when the invasive species is at low abundance and, therefore, might otherwise be under‐represented or undetected using conventional survey methods. Our study provides further evidence that headwater stream ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to signal crayfish invasion. However, their geomorphological features may make methods used to reduce or prevent invasive crayfish dispersal more effective than in other freshwater ecosystems.
Left atrial strain predicts exercise capacity in heart failure independently of left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Maffeis Caterina , Rossi Andrea , Cannata Lorenzo , Zocco Camilla , Belyavskiy Evgeny , Radhakrishnan Aravind Kumar , Feuerstein Anna , Morris Daniel Armando , Pieske‐Kraigher Elisabeth , Pieske Burkert , Edelmann Frank , Temporelli Pier Luigi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimsWe hypothesized that left atrial (LA) remodelling and function are associated with poor exercise capacity as prognostic marker in chronic heart failure (CHF) across a broad range of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods and resultsOne hundred seventy‐one patients with CHF were analysed [age 65 ± 11 years, 136 males (80%); 86 heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 27 heart failure with mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF), 58 heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)]. All patients underwent echocardiography and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing and were classified according to a prognostic cut‐off of peak VO2 (pVO2; 14 mL/kg/min). Seventy‐seven (45%) patients reached pVO2 < 14 and 94 (55%) pVO2 ≥ 14 mL/kg/min. Between the two groups, there was a considerable difference in both left atrial volume (LAVi, 53 ± 24 vs. 44 ± 18 mL/m2, P = 0.005) and function (LA reservoir strain 12 ± 5 vs. 20 ± 10%, P < 0.0001). Receiver‐operating characteristic curves identified LA reservoir strain (area under the curve: 0.73 [0.65–0.80], P < 0.0001) as strong predictor for impaired pVO2 among all echocardiographic variables; LA reservoir strain < 23% had 37% specificity but a very high sensitivity (96%) in identifying a severely reduced pVO2. In logistic regression analysis, LA reservoir strain < 23% was associated with a highly increased risk of pVO2 < 14 mL/kg/min (odds ratio 16.0 [4.7–54.6]; P < 0.0001). The multivariate analysis showed that a reduced LA reservoir strain was associated with pVO2 < 14 mL/kg/min after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), and clinical variables, that is, New York Heart Association class, atrial fibrillation, haemoglobin, and creatinine (b 0.22 [95% confidence interval, CI, 0.12–0.31]; P < 0.0001), and after adjustment for echocardiographic variables, that is, LVEF or left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (b 0.16 [95% CI 0.08–0.24]; P < 0.0001). Patients with HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF were separately analysed. Among LA reservoir strain, LAVi, LVEF, LVGLS, and TAPSE, LA reservoir strain was the only one significantly associated with pVO2 in all subgroups (after adjustment for sex and BMI, P = 0.003, 0.04, and 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with CHF, an impaired LA reservoir function is independently associated with a severely reduced pVO2. LA dysfunction represents a marker of poor prognosis across LVEF borders in the CHF population.
Near‐infrared spectroscopy for the inline classification and characterization of fruit juices for a product‐customized flash pasteurization
Authors: Weishaupt Imke , Neubauer Peter , Schneider Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe feasibility of inline classification and characterization of seven fruit juice varieties was investigated by the application of near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with chemometrics. The findings are intended to be used to optimize the flash pasteurization of liquid foods. More precise information of the kind of product in real time had to be achieved to enable a more product‐specific process. Using the method of partial least squares discriminant analysis, the fruit juice varieties were classified, showing a classification rate of 100% regarding an internal and 69% regarding an external test sets. A characterization by the extract content, pH value, turbidity, and viscosity was made by fitting a partial least squares regression model. The percentage prediction error of the pH value was <3% for internal and external test sets, and for the Brix value prediction errors were about 4% (internal) and 20% (external). The parameters viscosity and turbidity were found to be unsuitable. Despite this, the strategy applied to gain more product‐specific information in real time showed to be feasible. By linking the results to a database containing potentially harmful microorganisms for various types of fruit juices, a more product‐specific calculation of the necessary heat input can be performed. To demonstrate the practical relevance, a comparison between conventional and product‐adapted process control was performed using two fruit varieties as examples in case of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. Thus, with more accurate product information, achieved through the use of NIRS with chemometrics, a more precise calculation of the heat input can be achieved.
Getting to HBV cure: The promising paths forward
Authors: Fung Scott , Choi Hannah S. J. , Gehring Adam , Janssen Harry L. A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Chronic HBV infection is a global public health burden estimated to impact nearly 300 million persons worldwide. Despite the advent of potent antiviral agents that effectively suppress viral replication, HBV cure remains difficult to achieve because of the persistence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), HBV‐DNA integration into the host genome, and impaired immune response. Indefinite treatment is necessary for most patients to maintain level of viral suppression. The success of direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C treatment has rejuvenated the search for a cure for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), though an HBV cure likely requires an additional layer: immunomodulators for restoration of robust immune responses. DAAs such as entry inhibitors, capsid assembly modulators, inhibitors of subviral particle release, cccDNA silencers, and RNA interference molecules have reached clinical development. Immunomodulators, namely innate immunomodulators (Toll‐like receptor agonists), therapeutic vaccines, checkpoint inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies, are also progressing toward clinical development. The future of the HBV cure possibly lies in triple combination therapies with concerted action on replication inhibition, antigen reduction, and immune stimulation. Many obstacles remain, such as overcoming translational failures, choosing the right endpoint using the right biomarkers, and leveraging current treatments in combination regimens to enhance response rates. This review gives an overview of the current therapies for CHB, HBV biomarkers used to evaluate treatment response, and development of DAAs and immune‐targeting drugs and discusses the limitations and unanswered questions on the journey to an HBV cure.