bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis considerations within longitudinal studies of physical qualities in youth athletes: A qualitative systematic methodological review
Authors: Owen Cameron , Till Kevin , Darrall-Jones Josh , Jones Ben 
Published: July 2022

Background
The evaluation of physical qualities in talent identification and development systems is vital and commonplace in supporting youth athletes towards elite sport. However, the complex and dynamic development of physical qualities in addition to temporal challenges associated with the research design, such as unstructured data collection and missing data, requires appropriate statistical methods to be applied in research to optimise the understanding and knowledge of long-term physical development.

Aim
To collate and evaluate the application of methodological and statistical methods used in studies investigating the development of physical qualities within youth athletes.

Methods
Electronic databases were systematically searched form the earliest record to June 2021 and reference lists were hand searched in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Studies were included if they tested physical qualities over a minimum of 3 timepoints, were observational in nature and used youth sporting populations.

Results
Forty articles met the inclusion criteria. The statistical analysis methods applied were qualitatively assessed against the theoretical underpinnings (i.e. multidimensional development, non-linear change and between and within athlete change) and temporal challenges (i.e. time variant and invariant variables, missing data, treatment of time and repeated measures) encountered with longitudinal physical testing research. Multilevel models were implemented most frequently (50%) and the most appropriately used statistical analysis method when qualitatively compared against the longitudinal challenges. Independent groups ANOVA, MANOVA and X2 were also used, yet failed to address any of the challenges posed within longitudinal physical testing research.

Conclusions
This methodological review identified the statistical methods currently employed within longitudinal physical testing research and addressed the theoretical and temporal challenges faced in longitudinal physical testing research with varying success. The findings can be used to support the selection of statistical methods when evaluating the development of youth athletes through the consideration of the challenges presented.
Effects of the combination of a monoclonal agonistic mouse anti-OX40 antibody and toll-like receptor agonists: Unmethylated CpG and LPS on an MB49 bladder cancer cell line in a mouse model
Authors: Gulyás Dominik , Kovács Gábor , Jankovics István , Mészáros László , Lőrincz Márta , Dénes Béla 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
The basis of the antitumor immunotherapy, of which the purpose is the stimulation of the immune system. We have used two of the Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns: unmethylated CpG oligonucleotide, a ligand of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is recognized by TLR4, combined with an agonistic OX40 receptor-specific monoclonal antibody (anti-OX40), which is expressed by activated regulatory T-cells (and by other activated T-cell populations as well). The objective of this study was to prove the effectiveness of the aforementioned compounds in an animal model, on a bladder cancer cell line.

Methods
We have instilled MB49 cells subcutaneously, to the left musculus biceps femoris. We have created three observation groups, each containing ten mice. After eleven days, all treated mice bearing the size of 5–8 mm (in diameter) tumor were administered CpG + anti-OX40 or LPS + anti-OX40 three times with a three-day lap between each treatment. Mice in the control group did not receive any treatment.

Results
All the specimens from the control and LPS + anti-OX40 groups have died by the sixtieth day of the observation period, however, five mice from the CpG + anti-OX40 group were still alive. The experiment lasted until the last surviving mouse died, which occurred on the 357th day after tumor implantation.

Discussion
The treatment with LPS did not make anti-OX40 more potent and did not increase the survival times. However, CpG + anti-OX40 has shown increased antitumor activity compared to the other two groups.
Predictive significance of joint plasma fibrinogen and urinary alpha-1 microglobulin-creatinine ratio in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Pan Lianlian , Wo Mingyi , Xu Chan , Wu Yan , Ye Yali , Han Fan , Fei Xianming , Zhu Fengjiao 
Published: July 2022

Background
Although many biomarkers have high diagnostic and predictive power for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), less studies were performed for the predictive assessment in DKD and its progression with combined blood and urinary biomarkers. This study aims to explore the predictive significance of joint plasma fibrinogen (FIB) concentration and urinary alpha-1 microglobulin-creatinine (α1-MG/CR) ratio in DKD.

Methods
A total of 234 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled, and their clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively assessed. A ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the power of plasma FIB and urinary α1-MG/CR ratio for identifying DKD and advanced DKD, respectively. The predictive power for DKD and advanced DKD was analyzed by regression analysis.

Results
Plasma FIB and urinary α1-MG/CR levels were higher in patients with DKD than with pure T2D (p<0.001). The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were 5.047 (95%CI: 2.276–10.720) and 2.192 (95%CI: 1.539–3.122) (p<0.001) for FIB and α1-MG/CR as continuous variables for DKD prediction, respectively. The optimal cut-off values were 3.21 g/L and 2.11mg/mmol for identifying DKD, and 5.58 g/L and 11.07 mg/mmol for advanced DKD from ROC curves. At these cut-off values, the sensitivity and specificity of joint FIB and α1-MG/CR were 0.95 and 0.92 for identifying DKD, and 0.62 and 0.67 for identifying advanced DKD, respectively. The area under curve was 0.972 (95%CI: 0.948–0.995) (p<0.001) and 0.611, 95%CI: 0.488–0.734) (p>0.05). The multivariate-adjusted ORs for joint FIB and α1-MG/CR at the cut-off values were 214.500 (95%CI: 58.054–792.536) and 3.252 (95%CI: 1.040–10.175) (p<0.05), respectively.

Conclusion
The present study suggests that joint plasma FIB concentration and urinary α1-MG/CR ratio can be used as a powerful predictor for general DKD, but it is less predictive for advanced DKD.
Trois systèmes de raisonnement en conception architecturale
Authors: Claeys Damien , Roobaert Louis 
Published: July 2022

Résumé. La conception architecturale est modélisée de manière heuristique comme un processus de recherche au cours duquel le concepteur doit résoudre un problème mal défini de manière réflexive. Le concepteur oriente un processus de conception architecturale en réponse à un contexte donné, pour faire émerger une solution sous la forme d'un projet d'architecture. En psychologie cognitive, à la croisée des écrits de Jean Piaget et Bärbel Inhelder, de Daniel Kahneman et Amos Tversky, et d'Oliver Houdé, au moins trois systèmes de raisonnement ont été successivement définis : la pensée intuitive, la pensée réfléchie et la métacognition. Ceux-ci peuvent être transposés au champ de la conception architecturale en établissant une analogie avec les trois figures du concepteur caricaturées par J. Christopher Jones : les concepteurs magicien, ordinateur et auto-organisé.
Abstract. Architectural design is heuristically modeled as a research process in which designers must solve an ill-defined problem in a reflexive manner. The designer guides an architectural design process in response to a given context, in order to shape a solution, brought forth in the form of an architectural project. In cognitive psychology, at the juncture between the works of Jean Piaget and Bärbel Inhelder, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, as well as Olivier Houdé, at least three reasoning systems have been successively defined: intuition, reasoning, and metacognition. These can be transposed to the field of architectural design, by drawing an analogy with the three figures portrayed by J. Christopher Jones: the magician, the computer and the self-organized designer.
Analyse de la dynamique des espaces industriels de Kinshasa (RD Congo)
Authors: Kibala Ntondele Gloire 
Published: July 2022

Résumé. Cette thèse aborde un problème préoccupant, celui de l'avenir des espaces industriels de Kinshasa. Jadis ils constituaient des concentrations d'emplois pour cette grande métropole subsaharienne. La faillite des entreprises et le phénomène des friches, éléments consécutifs aux multiples conflits sociopolitiques et économiques postcoloniaux (zaïrianisation, crise économique, pillages, mondialisation…) ainsi que la mauvaise gouvernance urbaine et la mauvaise politique de gestion foncière à Kinshasa ont plongé l'économie de la métropole dans une régression profonde. Les espaces industriels ont été grignotés au profil de l'habitat et des activités informelles. Pour expliquer ce phénomène, nous défendons l'hypothèse selon laquelle les espaces industriels de Kinshasa ont connu dans leurs trajectoires des dynamiques à différents destins (des sites se sont maintenus, se sont reconvertis, en friche, en dynamique urbaine, d'autres sont exploités de manière opportuniste ou en arrêt d'activité industrielle).
Abstract. This thesis addresses a worrying problem, that of the future of Kinshasa's industrial spaces. In the past, they were concentrations of employment for this large sub-Saharan metropolis. The bankruptcy of companies and the phenomenon of wastelands, elements following upon the multiple post-colonial socio-political and economic conflicts (Zairianization, economic crisis, looting, globalization...), as well as poor urban governance and the misguided policy of land management in Kinshasa, have plunged the economy of the metropolis into a deep regression. Industrial spaces have been nibbled away in favor of housing and informal activities. To explain this phenomenon, we defend the hypothesis according to which the industrial spaces of Kinshasa have experienced, along their trajectories, a variety of different dynamics (sites that are maintained, that have been reconverted, are disused, in the course of development, under informal or opportunistic occupation, in commercial collapse...).
The evolution of tonally conditioned allomorphy in Triqui: evidence from spontaneous speech corpora
Authors: DiCanio Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the defining characteristics of tonal systems in phonological theory is the notion of tonal stability (Goldsmith, John. 1990.Autosegmental and metrical phonology. Oxford: Blackwell; Yip, Moira. 2002.Tone. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Tones remain stable even if their tone-bearing unit changes or is deleted. In the context of historical sound change, tones may either persist as floating tones (from an autosegmental-metrical perspective) or fuse with adjacent syllables and give rise to more complex tonal inventories. However, the process of segmental loss which ultimately conditions historical tonal change is gradual in nature. Tone-bearing units may lenite or they may be optionally realized, leading listeners to rely on coarticulatory cues or phonetic information on adjacent syllables. In the current paper, I examine how variation in the realization of clitic pronouns is conditioned by adjacent tonal cues in Itunyoso Triqui (Otomanguean) within a corpus of spontaneous speech recordings. This research examines and provides evidence for the hypothesis that tonally conditioned allomorphy arises specifically when two conditions are met: (a) there is a morphological context where prosodic units are likely to lenite (highly redundant contexts); and (b) adjacent tonal cues are most informative at this morphophonological boundary. The findings shed light not only on how phonologically conditioned allomorphy arises but also on how variable deletion is sensitive to patterns of multiple exponence during language use.
Timocreon of Ialysos, frr. 5–8 PMG and 7, 9, and 10 IEG
Authors: Tsagalis Christos C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This is the second and last part of a study on Timocreon of Ialysos. In the first part I offered an up-to-date presentation of and running commentary on fragments 1–4 of his poetry. In this second part, I discuss and comment on the rest of his extant fragments.<fnote> The numeration is continuous: frr. 1–4 PMG were presented in Tsagalis 2020, 228–266; frr. 5–8 PMG and 9–11 (= 7, 9, and 10 IEG) are analyzed in this study.</fnote>
Planning education for best practices in point-of-care testing
Authors: Yenice Sedef 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The increasing availability and use of POCT are influenced by many factors, including the industry trend toward patient-centered care and decentralization of health care; the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases, which includes the current use of rapid SARS-CoV-2 testing; the increasing incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension; and advances in in-vitro medical diagnostics. The use of POCT can increase the efficiency of services and improve patient outcomes. However, the variability of the testing environment and conditions, as well as the competency of the staff performing the tests, can have a significant impact on the quality and accuracy of POCT results. Most personnel performing POCT are not trained laboratory staff and may not be as familiar with the processes associated with testing, such as patient preparation, specimen collection, management of equipment and supplies, calibration and maintenance of equipment, the performance of the test, quality control, interpretation of results, and reporting/documentation of results related to the particular patient. Therefore, personnel performing POCT must have the appropriate training and experience to ensure that test results are accurate and reliable. This review outlines the specific personnel training requirements based on international standards that must be considered to ensure the quality of test results and describe the competency criteria required for POCT compliance.
Genesis 1 and the Beginnings of Gnosticism
Authors: Markschies Christoph 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The contribution examines whether some early Christian thinkers, usually classified as “gnostics,” were influenced in a special way by interpretations of the biblical account of creation in developing their particular doctrine (Cerinthus, Menander, Simon Magus, and Saturninus/Satornil). It turns out, however, that not only is there too little solid information about these thinkers, but the apparent specifics of interpretation are taken from contemporary Judaism. Only the distance between the supreme God and his helpers in creation seems to be more clearly accentuated than in many texts, but this may also be polemics of these Gnostics majority church opponents.
Oligomeric interactions maintain active‐site structure in a noncooperative enzyme family
Authors: Li Yaohui , Zhang Rongzhen , Wang Chi , Forouhar Farhad , Clarke Oliver B , Vorobiev Sergey , Singh Shikha , Montelione Gaetano T , Szyperski Thomas , Xu Yan , Hunt John F 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe evolutionary benefit accounting for widespread conservation of oligomeric structures in proteins lacking evidence of intersubunit cooperativity remains unclear. Here, crystal and cryo‐EM structures, and enzymological data, demonstrate that a conserved tetramer interface maintains the active‐site structure in one such class of proteins, the short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamily. Phylogenetic comparisons support a significantly longer polypeptide being required to maintain an equivalent active‐site structure in the context of a single subunit. Oligomerization therefore enhances evolutionary fitness by reducing the metabolic cost of enzyme biosynthesis. The large surface area of the structure‐stabilizing oligomeric interface yields a synergistic gain in fitness by increasing tolerance to activity‐enhancing yet destabilizing mutations. We demonstrate that two paralogous SDR superfamily enzymes with different specificities can form mixed heterotetramers that combine their individual enzymological properties. This suggests that oligomerization can also diversify the functions generated by a given metabolic investment, enhancing the fitness advantage provided by this architectural strategy.
Myanmar EFL pre-service teachers' motivational disposition in English writing: A pilot study
Authors: Maung Ei Phyoe , Kálmán Csaba , Gordon Győri János 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since acquiring writing skills in the English language is a multiplex task as it includes several complex cognitive activities (Tillema, 2012), it is a challenging skill to master for English as a foreign language (EFL) students. The acquisition of this skill is also affected by motivation, which has a great impact on the success or failure of learning the target language (Dörnyei & Ushioda, 2011), and significantly influences the learner's academic and professional performance (Csizér & Dörnyei, 2005). Lack of research focusing on investigating the motivating effect of different aspects of English writing in the Myanmar context provided inspiration to conduct the present pilot study, which focused on mapping the motivational profile of 54 EFL pre-service teachers in English writing in Myanmar. The questionnaire developed by the authors was piloted in September 2020. Results indicate that out of the 12 dimensions measured, pre-service teachers' ideal selves and instrumental motivation seem to be the most motivating aspects of English writing, and there is a strong correlation between these two scales suggesting that the participants' ideal L2 self has a pragmatic focus. Moreover, regression analysis shows that pre-service teachers' intrinsic motivation, and their ideal selves contribute most to their motivated learning behavior.
Advancing asymptotic approaches to studying the longitudinal and torsional oscillations of a moving beam
Authors: Slipchuk Andrii , Pukach Petro , Vovk Myroslava , Slyusarchuk Olha 
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes the influence of kinetic and physical-mechanical parameters of systems on the characteristics of dynamic processes in moving one-dimensional nonlinear-elastic systems. Improved convenient calculation formulas have been derived that describe the laws of changing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of systems for both a non-resonant case and a resonant one. An important issue of studying the influence of the speed of movement of elements of mechanisms on the oscillations of one-dimensional nonlinear-elastic systems has not been considered in detail until now in the scientific literature. This issue relates to the vibrations of shafts in gears, pipe strings when drilling oil and gas wells, the oscillations of turbine blades and rotating turbine discs, the longitudinal vibrations of the beam as an element of structures. The main reason for this in the analytical study of dynamic processes were the shortcomings of the mathematical apparatus for solving the corresponding nonlinear differential equations that describe the laws of motion of those systems.
It was found that in the case of longitudinal oscillations in the moving beam with an increase in the longitudinal speed of the medium to 10 m/s, the amplitude of the oscillation also increases by 13.5 %. However, when the longitudinal velocity of the beam is 5 m/s, the amplitude will increase by only 3 %. It is established that with the growth of the amplitude, the frequency of longitudinal oscillations decreases sharply, and if the system moves at a higher speed, for example, 20 m/s, it reduces the frequency of oscillation by about 13 %.
The results reported here make it possible to assess the effect of kinetic and physical-mechanical parameters on the frequency and amplitude of oscillations. The research that involved the asymptotic method makes it possible to predict resonant phenomena and obtain engineering solutions to improve the efficiency of technological equipment.
Estimating the stressed-strained state of the vertical mounting joint of the cylindrical tank wall taking into consideration imperfections
Authors: Suleimenov Ulanbator , Zhangabay Nurlan , Abshenov Khassen , Utelbayeva Akmaral , Imanaliyev Kuanysh , Mussayeva Saule , Moldagaliyev Arman , Yermakhanov Myrzabek , Raikhanova Gulnura 
Published: July 2022

Based on the use of a multi-level mathematical model, this paper estimates the stressed-strained state of a cylindrical reservoir in the mounting joint and considers the concentration of stresses in the joint zone.
The correctness of the selected mathematical model was verified to show that for an engineering assessment of the stressed-strained state of the wall of a cylindrical tank with variable thickness, it is possible to use the ratios for a cylindrical shell with a constant wall thickness. The spread of values is no more than 1 %, which indicates the proper selection of the mathematical model.
A numerical assessment of the stressed-strained state in the zone of the mounting joint proved the assumption of significant stress concentrations in the zone and indicated the determining effect exerted on the concentration of stresses by its geometric dimensions.
The concentration of stresses in the joint zone of the tank wall was investigated at various sizes in the ANSYS programming environment. The result of calculating the stressed-strained state of the reservoir for various values of the dent parameters f/t and is the constructed polynomials that approximate the stress concentration coefficient Kσ.
As a result of the calculations, an interpolation polynomial and an approximating stress concentration coefficient were derived, which could be used to assess the strength, durability, residual life of the tank and to normalize the limiting dimensions of the imperfection of the joint.
This paper reports comparative results of the calculations of the stress concentration coefficient depending on the geometric dimensions of the imperfection of the mounting joint in the ANSYS software package, as well as using an interpolation polynomial.
The results could be used to assess the strength and residual life of such structures.