bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between cervical sagittal posture, muscle endurance, joint position sense, range of motion and level of smartphone addiction
Authors: Torkamani Maryam Heidary , Mokhtarinia Hamid Reza , Vahedi Mohsen , Gabel Charles Philip 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Frequent smartphone use in a pathological way forces the user to adopt a compromised posture. This gradually results in changes to both the postural and musculoskeletal systems. This study’s objectives were evaluation of head posture, muscle endurance, neck range of motion (ROM) and joint position sense in two separate smartphone user groups, one ‘Addicted’, the other ‘Non-Addicted’. Methods: A sample of convenience (n=60) were recruited from medical students (age 24.57±4.38, 53.3 % male) with a history of smartphones use >2 hours/day for 1-year. Based on the cut-off values of the smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV, male=31, female=33), participants were entered into each group. Neck muscle endurance time, joint position error and cervical ROM, along with forward head posture parameters of craniovertebral angle (CVA), shoulder angle (SA), sagittal head angle (SHA) and forward head distance (FHD)) were evaluated. A Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation coefficient were used to determine the difference between groups and the correlations between variables.Results: The difference between 'Addicted’ and ‘Non-Addicted’ groups was confirmed by the values for SAS-SV scores (25.23±5.5 versus 43.9±6.61) (p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences between groups for neck extensor muscle endurance (97±3.79 versus 74.86±2.23), (p=0.01) and between CVA and FHD parameters (p<0.001). There was no notable difference in the neck flexor muscle endurance, joint position error, SA, and SHA parameters between groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: The positive correlation between smartphone addiction and both decreased extensor muscle endurance and changes in neck postural alignment is concerning.
Prehospital presentation of organ donors – a registry-based cohort study.
Authors: Rasmussen Mads Anders , Moen Håvard Storsveen , Milling Louise , Munthe Sune , Rosenlund Christina , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Brøchner Anne Craveiro , Mikkelsen Søren 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Introduction: There may be an unrealised prehospital potential for procuring organ donors. The objective of this study was to characterise the prehospital patients who underwent organ donation to alert prehospital physicians to patients who may potentially increase the donor pool.Methods: This is a retrospective register-based study from the Region of Southern Denmark. The prehospital medical records from patients who underwent organ donation after prehospital care from 1st of January 2016 – 31st of December 2020 were screened for inclusion. The Outcome measures were prehospital diagnosis, vital parameters, and critical interventions.Results: In the five year period, one-hundred-and-fifty-one patients were entered into a donation process in the health region following prehospital care. Sixteen patients were excluded due to limitations in data availability (transfer from hospitals outside of the health region or transport by helicopter). Of the 135 patients in the study, forty-nine patients had a stroke. One-third of these patients were intubated prehospitally. Twenty-one patients had subarachnoideal haemorrhage. Two-thirds of these were intubated prehospitally. Fourteen patients suffered from head trauma. One-third of these patients were intubated at the scene. In 29 patients, the prehospitally assigned tentative diagnosis was missing or included a diverse spectrum of medical and surgical emergencies.Twenty-two patients (16.3%) were resuscitated from cardiac arrest.Conclusion: The majority of the patients who were entered into an organ donation process presented prehospitally with intracranial pathology. However, 30% of patients were assigned other diagnoses not related to intracranial pathology. Among these, one patient in six had out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. There is a potential for enlarging the donor pool if the decision processes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest include considerations concerning the procurement of organ donors.Trial Registration: N/A
Synthesis, and assessment of the cytotoxic effect of some of Novel Biginelli 3,4-dihydropyrmidine2-(1H) one derivatives Containing 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone.
Authors: Nouri Mojtaba , Pirmohammadi Nasim , dilmaghani karim akbari , Pazhang Yaghub 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present study, a new series of 3,4- dihydropyrmidine2-(1 H) one derivatives(4a-f) which linked to 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone were synthesized by using the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (1) and an appropriate 6-bromomethyl-3,4- dihydropyrmidine2-(1 H) one (3a-f) in the presence of KOH as base and in CH3CN as solvent. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, Mass spectroscopy, and Elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro against the human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line and human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) based on the results of the MTT assay. Our results indicated that the compound 4b exerted the most cytotoxic effect in the two cell lines and the IC50 values were (4.25±0.16 μM) for MCF-7 cell lines and (12.11±0.76 μM) for HT-29 cell lines. Also, compound 4b induced apoptosis more than other compounds in the two cell lines. Thus, compound 4b may be had a potential anticancer agent.
A pan-cancer exploration of kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A)'s oncogenic activity in human tumors
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , Du Yiqun , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence has revealed that kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers and is related to the occurrence and prognosis of cancer. However, a pan-cancer analysis has not been performed.Methods and results: Based on data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases, we clarified the expression of KIF20A in 33 tumor types using a series of bioinformatics analyses. KIF20A is highly expressed in the majority of malignancies, and there were distinct connections between KIF20A expression and pathological stage and prognosis in tumor patients. KIF20A overexpression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with certain cancers, such as adrenocortical carcinoma, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and brain lower grade glioma. The associations of KIF20A expression with immune cell infiltration, including the levels of infiltrating B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells, varied among tumors. Moreover, we found a positive association between KIF20A expression and cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration in patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), mesothelioma (MESO) and thyroid carcinoma (THCA). In addition, we identified five genes, KIF2C, KIF23, CDC25, CCNB1 and DLGAP5, whose expression was positively related to KIF20A expression.Conclusions: This pan-cancer study provides a comprehensive understanding of KIF20A's oncogenic functions in a variety of human tumors.
Critical care ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation versus early goal-directed therapy in patients with septic shock: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Zhe-Yuan , Han Xiao , Liu Ying , Wang Meng-Jun , Wang Bei-Bei , Wang Ling , Jin Hong-Xu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Fluid resuscitation is a vital therapy for patients with septic shock. With the widespread application of ultrasound in critical care medicine, it is also used in the fluid resuscitation of critical patients. However, the effect of critical care ultrasound-guided fluid resuscitation (CCUGFR) in patients with septic shock needs further research.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Registers for randomized controlled trials from inception to April 2022, evaluating the prognosis of CCUGFR in patients with septic shock. Data were pooled by risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) and estimated using fixed-effects or random-effects models.Results: Twelve randomized controlled studies with a total of 947 participants were included, of which 473 used CCUGFR. CCUGFR in patients with septic shock was associated with reduced mortality (RR 0.78; 95%CI, 0.65, 0.94; P=0.007), with low heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=0.45), and 24-hour fluid volume (MD -1.02; 95%CI, -1.28, -0.75; P<0.001), with low heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=1.00). Increased norepinephrine dose (MD 0.07; 95%CI, 0.02, 0.11; P=0.002), with low heterogeneity (I2=45%, P=0.18), and dobutamine dose (MD 2.2; 95%CI, 0.35, 4.04; P=0.02), with low heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=0.61). There was no reduction in the risk of dobutamine users (RR 1.67; 95%CI, 0.52, 5.36; P=0.39), with low heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=0.86), and no difference in duration of vasopressin infusion (MD -5.46; 95%CI, -38.78, 27.86; P=0.75), with high heterogeneity (I2=97%, P<0.001). But taking left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral (LVOT-VTI), passive leg raising test, inferior vena cava (IVC) related measures, or only IVC-related measures to evaluate fluid responsiveness was advantageous in the duration of vasopressin infusion. Subgroup analyses showed IVC-related measures and using passive leg raising test combined with echocardiography to assess fluid reactivity reduced hospital stay (MD -2.91; 95%CI, -5.2, -0.62; P=0.01) with low heterogeneity (I2=8%, P=0.34) and ICU length of stay (MD -2.77; 95%CI, -4.51, -1.02; P=0.002), with low heterogeneity (I2=0%, P=0.57). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that in patients with septic shock receiving CCUGFR is beneficial. CCUGFR and fluid responsiveness using LVOT-VTI, passive leg raising test, and IVC-related measures may be preferable.Trial registration: PROSPERO, CRD42022326566, Registered 10 May 2022
Comprehensive Engineering Frequency Domain Analysis and Vibration Suppression of Aircraft Based on ADRC
Authors: Liu Litao , Tian Bingwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
An aircraft was crashed almost vertical posture on 21 March 2022 in Wuzhou, Guangxi, China, which has created a strong debate in civil aviation industry. We proposed an active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) for suppressing aircraft elastic vibration at the simulation level. ADRC, with relative simple structure, has been confirmed in several fields that its controlling effect is superior to classical proportion-integration-differentiation (PID) control theory, and it is easier to realize the transformation from theory to practice. In this article, the aircraft’s vibration model is modeled based on the first elastic vibration mode of the aircraft. In addition, the principles of ADRC are illustrated in detail, a second-order ADRC is designed to control the elastic vibration model and the closed-loop frequency domain characteristics, tracking effect, and sensitivity of the system are analyzed. The estimated error of the extended state observer (ESO) is analyzed and the anti-disturbance effect of the closed-loop system and the robustness is verified using the Monte Carlo method. The simulation result illustrates that ADRC has a good suppression effect on the elastic vibration of the aircraft, and the closed-loop system has strong robustness in the face of dynamic parameters.
A new species-specific approach to detect a saproxylic hoverfly pollinator, with implication in forest ecosystems conservation
Authors: Maritano Umberto , Bianco Lorenzo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hoverflies play a key role in pollinating and other forest ecosystem services. They can be used as bioindicators of many different habitats. The presence of species with high environmental requirements, especially in forest ecosystems, can be a fundamental tool for developing the right management plan for biodiversity conservation also in an ecological connectivity perspective. Mallota fuciformis Fabricius, 1794 is an elusive saproxylic species listed as threatened in many European countries and internationally recognised as a species of conservation interest. In this paper, we provide for the first time a targeted, fast and effective standardised field protocol for the detection of Mallota fuciformis in oak-hornbeam stands and alluvial forests with oaks along lowland streams. Given the short period of flight of the species, 88 sites were considered enough to testify this standardised methodology. The study was carried out in the Piedmont region (Northwestern Italy) between 2019 and 2022. Overall, 48 sites have proved to be positive for the presence of the species. The average detection time was very short in positive sites, suggesting the effectiveness of this approach in fast surveys. The proposed protocol can be extended to other geographical areas. The possibility to apply the proposed methodology for extensive ecological connectivity studies is discussed.Implications for insect conservationTo monitor long-term trends of elusive pollinators, ad hoc protocols need to be developed. In this perspective, our work proposes a new monitoring method tested on a target species but applicable to different species of interest. In addition, this method could be further implemented for the assessment of forest network connectivity.
Preceptor support outcomes during the COVID 19 Pandemic: recommendations for responsive continuing development programmes
Authors: Dyk Lizemari Hugo-Van , Nyoni Champion N. , Williams Margaret , Botha Benjamin S 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMentally fit preceptors may be more capable and flexible in providing students with system, emotional and cognitive support in the clinical learning environment (CLE) in the face of any life-threatening outbreaks. Existing professional development programmes for preceptors emphasise the development of preceptor competence in normal CLE with minimal focus on their ability to engage with adverse events that challenge their mental health. This study sought insight from the experiences of preceptors during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify their professional development programme needs while providing support to students during accompaniment. MethodA mixed-method research convergent parallel design was used to collect data from the 24 preceptors at a nursing education institution. Eleven preceptors responded to the survey that included the COVID Stress Scale (CSS) and the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) to collect quantitative data. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five purposively selected preceptors to collect qualitative data regarding their experiences whilst accompanying students during COVID-19. ResultsSub-scales within the CSS and BAT instrument where mapped against an existing preceptor support framework. Overall data of the CSS for each sub-scale indicated an average score varying from no stress to moderate stress, while BAT data shows that respondents rarely experienced burnout. However, some respondents experienced very high level of stress and high levels of burnout. Qualitative data supplemented results. ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic influenced preceptors’ role in supporting students and reflected that they amended their functioning role. Existing preceptor professional development programmes should be reviewed to ensure that the necessary concepts that foster resilience are integrated to enhance the functional role of preceptors in adversity.
UGCG relieves iNKT cell-mediated liver injury by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice
Authors: Junfeng Li , Gan Jian , Mao Xiaorong , Wang Lili , Yang Yating , Zhang Liting , Tian Aiping , Xiong Wanyuan , Qian Zibing , Chen Yu , Duan Zhongping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Immune-mediated liver injury is associated with excessive activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, and the role and regulatory mechanisms of UDP-glucosylceramide glucosyltransferase (UGCG) in iNKT cell-mediated liver injury remain poorly defined. Here, we report UGCG induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which is beneficial for hepatocytes to resist injury caused by iNKT cells, thereby improving immune-mediated liver injury outcomes in mice. UGCG levels were elevated in mice treated with concanavalin A, with excessive activation of iNKT cells. However, after UGCG inhibition, liver injury were alleviated along with reduced activation of iNKT cells. Interestingly, hepatocytes showed marked autophagy upon inhibition of UGCG. Mechanistically, inhibition of UGCG caused an increase in glucose-regulated protein 78, LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio and phosphorylated NF-κB p65, thereby triggering ER stress-mediated autophagy. These findings showed ER stress links UGCG with hepatic autophagy.
Open Text Classification Based on Dynamic Boundary Balance
Authors: Feng Jianzhou , Xu Ganlin , Wei Qikai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Traditional text classification tasks require the test set to contain the same classes (known/seen classes) as the training set. However, when the new classes (unknown/unseen classes) appear during testing, the traditional classifier cannot recognize them effectively. As a result, a qualified open text classifier should be able to classify known classes as well as identify unknown classes, e.i., open classfication. But current open text classifiers perform poorly on the task. To address the issue, we propose a two-stage learning model based on dynamic balance of decision boundary to complete the open text classification task. We call it open text classification with dynamic boundary balance (OCD2B). First, we construct a traditional classifier based on BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers) model to classify the known classes. Second, the prior knowledge of known classes is used to dynamically determine the decision boundaries between known classes and unknown classes. We propose a boundary loss function as boundary balance strategy to simultaneously reduce open space risk and empirical risk. Experiments on two standard datasets show that our method achieves better performance than existing other methods. In particular, OCD2B has even greater advantages over the others especially when the proportion of unknown classes is large.
Comparing the effects of canagliflozin vs glimepiride by body mass index in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure: a sub-analysis of the CANDLE trial
Authors: Sezai Akira , Tanaka Atsushi , Imai Takumi , Kida Keisuke , Sekino Hisakuni , Murohra Toyoaki , Sata Masataka , Suzuki Norio , Node Koichi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: It is not known if presence or absence of obesity influence the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor canagliflozin on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). We present results of a 24-week comparative study of the effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin vs the sulfonylurea glimepiride, by baseline body mass index (BMI), in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic heart failure.Methods: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the CANDLE trial (UMIN000017669), an investigator-initiated, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. This sub-analysis evaluated changes at 24 weeks in NT-proBNP, BMI, and other laboratory parameters, according to the subgroups stratified by baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 defined as obesity vs BMI <25 kg/m2 defined as normal.Results: A group ratio (canagliflozin versus glimepiride) of proportional changes in the geometric means of NT-proBNP was 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84 to 1.18, P=0.940) for the subgroup with baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and 0.85 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.02, P=0.075) for the subgroup with baseline BMI <25 kg/m2, respectively. Although the group ratio for the subgroup with baseline BMI <25 kg/m2 was smaller than that for the subgroup with baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2, there was no statistical difference by baseline BMI subgroups (P for interaction=0.222). When baseline BMI was modeled as a continuous variable, results for patients with BMI <30 kg/m2 showed a slightly smaller increase in NT-proBNP in the canagliflozin group vs the glimepiride group; that difference was not seen among patients with BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Irrespective of obesity, the canagliflozin group was associated with significant reduction of BMI compared to the glimepiride group.Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in the effects of 24-week of canagliflozin treatment, relative to glimepiride, on NT-proBNP concentrations irrespective of baseline obesity, the canagliflozin treatment showed a trend toward lower NT-proBNP levels in patients across BMI <30 kg/m2. This suggests that baseline BMI levels affect the effect of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment on NT-proBNP concentrations. Further studies are needed to assess the association between clinical effects of SGLT2 inhibitor and obesity.UMIN clinical trial registration number (http://www.umin.ac.jp/): UMIN000017669
Functional performance of the upper limb and the most common boxing-related injuries in male boxers: A retrospective, observational, comparative study with non-boxing population
Authors: Giannatos Vasileios , Panagopoulos Andreas , Antzoulas Panagiotis , S Giakoumakis , Lakoumentas John , Kouzelis Antonis 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: To investigate the functional status and recording the most common injuries of the upper limb in male Greek boxing squad in comparison to the general population. Methods: A retrospective injury surveillance study using an electronic questionnaire was performed in 2021. The questionnaire was sent to male members of the Greek Boxing Federation and consisted of demographic data, training conditions, hours of training, the location, description, and the duration of each upper limb injury they had in the past and whether the injury occurred during competition or training and also whether it was a new or a recurrent one. The same questionnaire was sent to non-boxer males (military recruits), but without asking them to report any training parameters. Inclusion criteria were age < 35 years-old for all participants and no involvement in martial arts for the control group. Also, all participants (boxers and non-boxers) completed the Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) scale and the Quick Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (quick-DASH) score. Results: The final study cohort was consisted of 62 elite or amateur boxers and 75 non-boxer males, less than 35 years old. The quick-DASH score was found to be significantly lower (better) in boxers in comparison to the general population (15.65±10.25 vs 12.55±8.62; p = 0,020) whereas the PRWE score was similar in both groups (9.25±14.96 vs 8.61±13.05; p=0,843). Physical therapy sessions, thumb injuries and boxer’s knuckle were also found to be significantly higher in the boxers group. On the other hand, upper limb surgeries were significantly less in the boxers group. Finally, the size of boxing gloves was associated to the number of finger fractures, thumb injuries and ulnar sided wrist pain in boxers.Conclusions: Although a controversial sport, boxing appears to have no long-term consequences to the upper limb function, especially regarding hand performance. The size of gloves during heavy bag training was found to be an aggravating factor for hand injuries.