bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FROM CARE DYAD TO SUPPORT NETWORKS: PURCHASE INTENTION FOR HOME- AND COMMUNITY-BASED SERVICE OF CHINESE OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Yan Zi , Sun Xin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the underlying types of intergenerational solidarity and informal support networks among impaired older adults in China, and explains how they may influence the home- and community-based service purchase intention of these individuals. Based on the 2018 and 2020 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Aging and Social Survey, a total of 3,564 older adults (aged 60 and above, with at least one child) were selected. First, we use K-means cluster analysis to identify four types of intergenerational solidarity among Chinese families: tight-knit, distant-but-intimate, independent-intimate, and emotional-detached. Secondly, we examined the size of three distinct types of informal support networks among Chinese older adults: general social networks, functional support networks, and emotional support networks. Subsequently, binary logistic regression was conducted to examine the relative impacts of intergenerational solidarity and informal support networks on impaired older adults’ purchase intention. Our findings highlighted the diverse impacts of informal functional/emotional support networks on older adults’ purchase intentions. These networks exhibit the potential to either substitute for or complement formal care, contingent upon the specific types of intergenerational solidarity. This research enriches the theoretical literature by incorporating both vertical and horizontal perspectives. It also enhances our understanding of the dynamics between ‘formal’ and ‘informal’ care within the Chinese context. This study underscores the necessity for precise targeting in service delivery, emphasizing the importance of considering the entire family and the influence of the older adults’ social network on service utilization and purchase decisions.
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION IN THE TIME-USE OF INFORMAL CAREGIVERS FOR OLDER INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Albertini Marco , Zanasi Francesca 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In ageing societies, the increasing share of older adults places significant care burdens on family members, who experience negative consequences on psychological and physical health, and social isolation. These adverse effects have to do with time use restrictions because of the time priority required by caregiving. Caregivers often cut on labour market involvement, sleeping, and social activities and relationships they previously enjoyed. Despite extensive research, the socioeconomic disparities in caregiver experiences remain underexplored. For example, more disadvantaged individuals could suffer the most from caregiving, having limited possibilities to ‘buy time for themselves’ by purchasing services on the market. Our study, using data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE, 2020), investigates how health shocks to partners (i.e., exogenous shocks leading to increasing demands for informal caregiving, such as the onset of dementia, hip fracture, stroke) influence caregivers’ daily activities; and how socioeconomic characteristics moderate this relationship. Preliminary results show that care responsibilities influence the caregiver’s time expenditure, with heterogeneity across gender and socio-economic status. The most affected by a partner’s health shock are men at the bottom of the income distribution and women at the top. When having an impaired partner, the former spend more time in household chores and cut on leisure activities, while the latter sleep less at night and cut on paid work. In conclusion, it is essential to understand which individuals face the consequences of caregiving and reiterate the importance of a social infrastructure supporting families caring for their dependent family members.
WHAT IS IN A NAME: DEMENTIA AND CAREGIVERS IN THE AFRICAN IMMIGRANT COMMUNITY
Authors: Nkimbeng Manka , Aswani Truphosa , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
African immigrants are among the racial/ethnic minority groups whose experiences of dementia are not fully understood. However, the use of appropriate terminology is necessary to facilitate appropriate outreach and research with the African immigrant community. The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe how African immigrants define dementia and care partners. Thematic analysis of transcripts from ten key informant interviews (with leaders including priests, executive directors, etc.) and three community conversations (30 participants). Themes describe that there are no accepted words for dementia or caregiver in many African immigrant languages. Translations for dementia are often based on the symptoms, other derogatory terminology, and myths. The concept of a caregiver or care partner is also unfamiliar to the community, even when individuals are performing such roles. The language surrounding dementia care significantly impacts healthcare access and quality care, especially for multilingual and multicultural communities. Identifying and clarifying these terminologies are a key component of outreach and education that is necessary to decrease the risk and burden of dementia in these communities that are disproportionately impacted.
INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF GENDER DIFFERENCES IN INFORMANT REPORTS OF COGNITIVE DECLINE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Cantu Phillip 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Informant assessments aid in diagnosing cognitive decline and dementia, yet cultural and social factors may influence reporting. This study investigates gender disparities in informant reports of cognitive function across the US and Mexico using data from Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the Mexican Cognitive Aging Study (MexCOG). Analyzing 4,716 participants, we utilize comparable informant questions and contextual data, including age, gender, education, and MMSE scores. Logistic regressions model the relationship between gender and informant reports separately for each nation. Preliminary analysis reveals gender differences in informant reports of cognitive functioning in both countries. In general, informants were more likely to report symptoms of cognitive decline in the U.S. than in Mexico. Informants were more likely to report memory issues (forgets where things are kept, forgets where they put things), and difficulty with chores for women in both countries. There are fewer gender differences in orientation questions for each nation, maybe related to high level of impairment. In Mexico, informants are more likely to report conversation impairments for women. This study sheds light on the nuanced interplay of cultural and social factors in informant assessments of cognitive function among older adults in diverse national contexts.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF DEMENTIA ON AFRICAN AMERICAN AND LATINO ADULTS: A GROWING CHALLENGE
Authors: Mudrazija Stipica , Aranda Maria , Gaskin Darrell , Richard Patrick , Monroe Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, we estimate the economic impact of dementia today and through 2060 associated with a) lost wages of persons living with dementia as well as their caregivers, b) excess medical care spending for persons living with dementia, c) value of unpaid care, and d) the value of wider economic costs (lost productivity, lost tax revenue), for African American and Latino adults living in the US and their caregivers. In 2020, the total economic impact of dementia for African American and Latino adults reached almost $94 billion, including over $62 billion (66%) in unpaid care and over $31 billion (34%) in various costs for older adults, their caregivers, and others. Latino and African American adults accounted for 60 and 40 percent of the costs, respectively. By 2060, the economic impact of dementia for African American and Latino adults will increase to $1.4 trillion (in 2060 dollars). The share of the total attributable to unpaid care will decline from 67 percent to 60 percent, while the share of various costs will increase, and most notably forgone wages (from 21% to 27%). The shift in the cost distribution is due mainly to shifts in the caregiving population’s age distribution and educational attainment level. Efforts aimed at keeping working-age caregivers attached to the labor force will become increasingly important to limit the fast growth in the value of work-related costs of caregiving.
CULTURAL RESOURCES AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING INFLUENCES ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN MEXICAN AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS
Authors: Kim Jeung Hyun , Silverstein Merril 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present research investigates the mechanisms through which different cultural resources retained by the very old Mexican American immigrants shape their psychological and cognitive wellbeing. The very old immigrants are likely to adhere to the traditional values originated from their country of origin and may be isolated from the mainstream culture. The roles that acculturation and the availability of ethnocultural resources like familismo and religious practices play can generate their loneliness and depression, which then, lead to their cognitive health disparities. It uses HEPESE (Wave 7), the epidemiological study of older Mexican Americans residing in the Southwestern U.S. Path models are utilized for the analysis. Of 368 very old immigrants, results reveal that stronger intergenerational ties and marriage reduce loneliness while increased acculturation, immigrating at a younger age as a proxy measure of acculturation, and fewer religious engagement elevate depression. Though there is a marginal association between the psychological wellbeing and the global cognitive health, cognitively impaired individuals are likely to associate with their adult children more. When stratified across cognitive dimensions, immigrating at an older age and depression demise their memory function. A more active religious engagement lessens their depression, which can further strengthen their memory function. Regarding the nonmemory function of the immigrants, their cultural resources and psychological wellbeing do not show significance. The discussion focuses on how the possession of ethnocultural resources renders benefits to the very old immigrants across health dimensions while their acculturation, age-at-immigration, has different influences on their psychological and cognitive wellbeing.
CROSS-NATIONAL PREVALENCE OF RISK OF DEPRESSION AMONG OLDER ADULTS: ARE THERE GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES?
Authors: Iriarte Antonia Diaz-Valdes , Medina Jose 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Depression among older adults is becoming one of the most pressing issues in public health, yet it remains one of the less recognized problems and is one of the leading causes of disability in this age group. Among older adults, depression often goes unrecognized. Although depression has been widely studied, there are still several unanswered questions regarding country/context differences, gender, age, and cohort differences, as most studies have been conducted in specific contexts. This study aims to examine cross-national gender gaps in the prevalence of depression risk from 2000 to 2020, controlling for age and cohort effects. A random-effects model with robust standard errors was conducted to examine depression cases and predict probabilities. Our analysis involved a sample of 248,559 individuals aged 50 and older from 35 countries, spanning the years 2000 to 2020. Throughout the examined period, the average predicted probability of depression was 24.01% for males and 35.70% for females. This translates to a consistent gender gap of 11.69 percentage points. Notably, while the gender gap in depression probability remained stable over time, both males and females exhibited an upward trend in depression probability during this period – about 3% and 5% respectively. This study contributes to the current literature and seeks to explore the prevalence of depression risk cross-nationally using harmonized measures of depression, which has not been done yet. Our study highlights the importance of screening and treating depression among older adults to reduce the consequences of depression, especially among women, who are disproportionately affected.
CAREGIVING, LIVING ALONE, AND OLDER WOMEN’S MENTAL HEALTH: A NUANCED VIEW AMID THE STRESS OF COVID-19
Authors: Zhu Yiwen , Farmer Justin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caregiving and living alone are potentially stressful psychosocial experiences for older adults, but prior findings are inconsistent: caregiving may be associated with prosocial benefits, and living alone is distinct from social isolation. In the context of heightened collective stress during COVID-19, we examined caregiving and living alone in 27,646 older female former nurses (mean age 67) from the Nurses’ Health Study II. We assessed whether caregiving and living alone were prospectively associated with multiple facets of mental health. In May 2020, participants self-reported personal caregiving roles (yes/no) and living arrangements (alone/with others). Caregivers reported their stress levels concerning common COVID-19-related caregiving tasks; all participants reported on social support. Seven mental health outcomes were assessed at 1-6 timepoints over one year, including depression, anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, psychological well-being, social well-being, and gratitude. All analyses accounted for covariates including pre-pandemic mental health and multiple testing. Caregiving and living alone associated with higher distress and lower positive functioning. Nuanced perspectives emerged with respect to caregiving stress and social support: while stressed caregivers had worse mental health (e.g., OR depression =2.08[1.88-2.31]), caregivers not experiencing stress had better mental health (OR depression =0.74[0.67- 0.81]), in comparison to non-caregivers. Older women living alone with adequate social support showed comparable mental health to their counterparts who lived with others, while participants lacking support reported substantially elevated distress (e.g., OR depression =3.11[2.55-3.79]). We provided a more nuanced understanding of caregiving and living alone among older women; caregiving stress and social support may be promising intervention targets.
MULTIMORBIDITY COMBINATIONS AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES AMONG US OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Bishop Nicholas , Walker Kealie , Nagel Corey L , Newsom Jason , Botoseneanu Anda , Allore Heather , Quiñones Ana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multimorbidity (2+ chronic health conditions) is directly related to increased patient burden, but the association between specific multimorbidity combinations and trajectories of depressive symptoms among older adults is unknown. We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to estimate the association between multimorbidity combinations identified in 2012 and trajectories of depressive symptoms from 2012-2020 in adults aged ≥ 65 (n=9,004; mean age: 75.3; % female: 58.7%). Self-reported physician-diagnosed conditions included arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, heart conditions, cancer, lung disease, and stroke. The eight-item CES-D measured depressive symptoms. Multimorbidity combinations were used to predict quadratic latent growth trajectories of depressive symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and childhood characteristics and the complex sampling design of the HRS. In 2012, 75.6% of respondents experienced multimorbidity and the average depression score was 1.4 (SD=1.9). Nine unique multimorbidity patterns were identified, most common being hypertension+arthritis (14.6%), hypertension+heart conditions+arthritis (7.1%), and hypertension+diabetes+arthritis (6.1%). Several multimorbidity combinations were associated with greater baseline depressive symptomatology (e.g., compared to those reporting no conditions at baseline, those reporting hypertension+lung disease+arthritis had 0.96 more baseline depressive symptoms (SE=0.2, p&lt;.001), and those reporting hypertension+diabetes+heart conditions+arthritis had 0.93 more baseline depressive symptoms (SE=.2, p&lt;.001), respectively). Several multimorbidity combinations were associated with linear and nonlinear change in depressive symptoms, with hypertension+cancer+arthritis and hypertension+diabetes+arthritis being associated with the most rapid increases in depressive symptoms. Our work highlights the increased risk of depression among older adults with varied multimorbidity combinations and speaks to the mental health burden associated with multimorbidity.
DECADES OF CONNECTION: THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORK TRAJECTORIES ON COGNITIVE HEALTH ACROSS 29 YEARS
Authors: Hu Rita , Antonucci Toni , Ajrouch Kristine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The current study used Latent Growth Curve Modeling to examine the associations between overall network, closest, close and weak social tie trajectories across the lifespan and cognitive health later in life. Participants (N = 145) were from the longitudinal Social Relations study and the Detroit Area Wellness Network study, with four waves of data spanning from 1992 to 2021. Participants had a wide age range in Wave 1 (Mage (SD) = 46.9 (8.01) [37 - 71]) and were mostly women (69%) and White (82%). Social network structure was measured using hierarchical mapping with inner, middle, and outer circles symbolizing the emotional closeness of the relationships. Cognitive health was measured by a latent variable based on episodic memory, language, attention, and working memory. Results showed that increases in both overall network size and the size of closer social networks (middle circle) over time were significantly associated with better cognitive health (overall network size: β = 0.490, p &lt;.064; middle circle size: β = 1.864, p =.005). Gender-specific analysis revealed no significant differences in model fit between constrained and unconstrained models, suggesting the absence of substantial gender differences. However, it was noted that for men, the increase in closer social networks over time positively impacts cognitive function. The study contributes to the understanding of the complex role social ties play in cognitive aging and underscores the necessity for targeted interventions to bolster social connections among older adults, with a nuanced approach considering gender-specific dynamics.
THE EFFECTS OF NEIGHBORHOOD, NETWORK, AND INDIVIDUAL EDUCATION LEVELS ON COGNITIVE HEALTH
Authors: Webster Noah , Zahodne Laura , Antonucci Toni , Ajrouch Kristine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
It is well established that greater education is associated with better cognitive health. Less is known about the cognitive effects of education across levels of influence, including neighborhood, interpersonal, and individual levels. In this study we compare the effects of individuals’ education, their social network members’ education, and their neighborhood’s education on cognitive health five years later. Respondents age 60 and older who participated in Wave 3 (2015) of the longitudinal Social Relations Study based in Metro Detroit and also completed interviews in 2021 for the Detroit Area Wellness Network COVID-19 Supplement project were selected for analysis (n=161). In 2015, respondents were asked to report completed years of education and the education level of up to 10 social network members. Household addresses were geocoded and census tract educational attainment was obtained from the American Community Survey. In 2021, cognitive assessments were administered via telephone, and a latent variable measuring global cognition was derived from episodic memory, language, attention, and working memory tests. In separate models controlling for age and gender, respondents’ own education and the proportion of social network members with a bachelor’s degree, but not the proportion of people in the census tract with a bachelor’s degree, were associated with better cognitive health. In a combined model, only having a greater proportion of social network members with a bachelor’s degree remained associated with better cognitive health. Findings highlight the salience of educational resources embedded within social networks for cognitive health and point to the need for meso-level interventions.
FOSTERING MULTIDISCIPLINARY SOLUTIONS IN AGING: THE RESEARCH CENTERS COLLABORATIVE NETWORK
Authors: Kritchevsky Stephen , van der Willik Odette 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The NIA supports the Research Centers Collaborative Network (RCCN) to bridge scientists from the 7 NIA-sponsored center programs: Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers, Artificial Intelligence and Technology Collaboratories for Aging Research, Centers on the Demography and Economics of Aging, Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers, Nathan Shock Centers of Excellence in the Basic Biology of Aging, Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research, and Roybal Centers for Translational Research on Aging. To provide a forum for collaborative exchange, RCCN has convened workshops on crosscutting concerns relevant to multiple NIA center programs ranging from sustaining behavior change in older adults to measuring biologic age. RCCN also awards pilots that address topics spanning the missions of multiple NIA Center Programs. This symposium will present key learnings from the work of five RCCN pilot teams. Dr. King will discuss a novel analysis of proteomic and cellular senescence biomarkers in kidney using a non-human primate model. Dr. Nguyen will discuss the relationship between social disconnection and changes in cognitive health over time among older Black adults. Dr. Quiñones-Cordero will discuss culturally congruent interventions to improve Latino ADRD caregivers’ psychological well-being. Dr. Christensen will discuss the development and implementation of older adult community engagement studios (OA-CES) to promote the inclusivity of older adults in research and to increase the number of research studies on older adults. Dr. Landauer will discuss the development of Age Friendly training webinars and research tools. Dr. Kritchevsky will also summarize lessons learned across the workshops.
ADAPTING COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT STUDIOS FOR AN OLDER ADULT COMMUNITY EXPERTS
Authors: Christensen Janelle , Kerper Shaye , Albert Steven , Ragavan Maya , Scheunemann Leslie , Massart Mylynda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The development and implementation of older adult community engagement studios (OA-CES) to promote the inclusivity of older adults in the research process and to increase the number of research studies on (and inclusive of) older adults. This project utilized University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute’s (CTSI, the required CTSA Hub) success using Community Engagement Studios (CES) to connect researchers with other populations historically underrepresented in biomedical research and bring it to older adult (OA) populations. This collaboration between the Pittsburgh Pepper Center (Pitt Pepper, NIA Center Program) and CTSI created a training and orientation process for older adults to: 1. Help researchers learn about how to more effectively include older adults in the research process and overcome barriers to the inclusion of older adults in their research; 2. Select and tailor implementation strategies to counter these barriers to inclusion, ultimately creating a toolkit that can be shared with other NIA Center Programs/ CTSA Hubs. The Community Engagement Studios themselves were tailored to address needs for inclusion of older adults during recruitment and implementation of the studios: 1) sending snail mail before calling and emailing potential participants; 2) providing a two hour orientation to research ethics and expectations for Community Engagement Studios; 3) providing multiple options for transportation to and from the in-person events; 4) providing increased tech support and training for remote events (via zoom). These best practices allow for the Pepper Center and CTSI to better consult with researchers seeking to increase the inclusion of older adults.