bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancient genomes reveal complex genetic history of an international metropolis at Kublai Khan's Upper Capital (Xanadu)
Authors: Li Jiawei , Zhu Hong , Wei Jian , Cai Dawei , Zhou Hui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesAs the political, economic, military, and cultural center of the early Yuan Dynasty, Xanadu attracted people from all over the world. It was thriving and prosperous, composed of residents with different customs and religious beliefs from different social strata. Genetic analysis of Xanadu's residents provides a valuable approach for inferring processes of population movement and exchange during the Yuan period.Materials and MethodsNine skeletons from Zhenzishan cemetery, the largest cemetery near Xanadu, were selected for the whole‐genome shotgun sequencing and capture sequencing of the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome, three of whom were identified as likely being of European descent based on cranio‐facial morphology.ResultsThere were nine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes (F1a1, D5b1, B4a3, B5a2a1, H6a1a, T2d1, D4o2a, N9a1, and Z4a) and eight Y‐chromosome DNA haplogroups (G/M201, I/M170, J/M304, L/M20, O/M175, Q/M242, R/M207, and T/M184) identified in the nine ancient individuals. Autosomal analysis further subdivided them into four groups (ZZS_EA, ZZS_CA, ZZS_SA, and ZZS_Cau).DiscussionAs the capital of the Yuan Dynasty, Xanadu was a prosperous city with international influence. The nine skeletons from the Zhenzishan cemetery reflect the high genetic diversity of Xanadu's residents, with clear differences in paternal and maternal origins. The maternal lineages of these residents were mainly East Asian with some western Eurasian features, while the paternal lineages were mainly western Eurasian with fewer East Asian features. These results contribute to a better understanding of the Mongolian Empire's impact on the migration and mixture of people across the Eurasian continent.
Freestanding Perovskite Oxide Films: Synthesis, Challenges, and Properties
Authors: Chiabrera Francesco M. , Yun Shinhee , Li Ying , Dahm Rasmus T. , Zhang Haiwu , Kirchert Charline K. R. , Christensen Dennis V. , Trier Felix , Jespersen Thomas S. , Pryds Nini 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this review paper, recent progress in the fabrication, transfer, and fundamental physical properties of freestanding oxide perovskite thin films is discussed. First, the main strategies for the synthesis and transfer of freestanding perovskite thin films are analyzed. In this initial section, particular attention is devoted to the use of water‐soluble (Ca,Sr,Ba)3Al2O6 thin films as sacrificial layers, one of the most promising techniques for the fabrication of perovskite membranes. The main functionalities that have been observed in freestanding perovskite thin films are then reviewed. In doing so, the authors begin by describing the emergence of new phenomena in ultrathin perovskite membranes when released from the substrate. They then move on to a summary of the functional properties that are observed in freestanding perovskite membranes under the application of strain. Indeed, freestanding thin films offer the unique possibility to actively control the strain state far beyond what can be observed with traditional methods, allowing the investigation of the profound interplay between structural and electronic properties in oxides. Overall, this review highlights the potential of oxide‐based freestanding thin films to become the preferred platform for the study of novel functionalities in perovskite oxide materials.
Thermoelectric Effect in a Fibonacci Chain with AAH Modulation: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Bhattacharya Ranjini , Maiti Santanu K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpectral properties and heat to electrical energy conversion efficiency considering a 1D tight‐binding Fibonacci chain subjected to cosine modulation is explored. The interplay between Fibonacci sequence and the cosine modulation is quite impressive which brings several non‐trivial signatures in spectral behavior and enhanced thermoelectric efficiency. The thermoelectric quantities are evaluated using the Landauer prescription following the well‐known Green's function technique. The cosine modulation in the Fibonacci lattice reduces thermal conductance which therefore helps us to get higher thermoelectric efficiency compared to the modulation free case. This analysis may provide some essential mechanisms to achieve efficient thermoelectric devices considering different kinds of correlated disordered lattices.
Spotting Trends in Organocatalyzed and Other Organomediated (De)polymerizations and Polymer Functionalizations
Authors: Valle María , Ximenis Marta , Lopez de Pariza Xabier , Chan Julian M. W. , Sardon Haritz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrganocatalysis has evolved into an effective complement to metal‐ or enzyme‐based catalysis in polymerization, polymer functionalization, and depolymerization. The ease of removal and greater sustainability of organocatalysts relative to transition‐metal‐based ones has spurred development in specialty applications, e.g., medical devices, drug delivery, optoelectronics. Despite this, the use of organocatalysis and other organomediated reactions in polymer chemistry is still rapidly developing, and we envisage their rapidly growing application in nascent areas such as controlled radical polymerization, additive manufacturing, and chemical recycling in the coming years. In this Review, we describe ten trending areas where we anticipate paradigm shifts resulting from novel organocatalysts and other transition‐metal‐free conditions. We highlight opportunities and challenges and detail how new discoveries could lead to previously inaccessible functional materials and a potentially circular plastics economy.
Dynamics of Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Silicon Electrodes Revealed by Combinatorial Electrochemical Screening
Authors: Martín‐Yerga Daniel , Milan David C. , Xu Xiangdong , Fernández‐Vidal Julia , Whalley Laura , Cowan Alexander J. , Hardwick Laurence J. , Unwin Patrick R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRevealing how formation protocols influence the properties of the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Si electrodes is key to developing the next generation of Li‐ion batteries. SEI understanding is, however, limited by the low‐throughput nature of conventional characterisation techniques. Herein, correlative scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) and shell‐isolated nanoparticles for enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) are used for combinatorial screening of the SEI formation under a broad experimental space (20 sets of different conditions with several repeats). This novel approach reveals the heterogeneous nature and dynamics of the SEI electrochemical properties and chemical composition on Si electrodes, which evolve in a characteristic manner as a function of cycle number. Correlative SECCM/SHINERS has the potential to screen thousands of candidate experiments on a variety of battery materials to accelerate the optimization of SEI formation methods, a key bottleneck in battery manufacturing.
Experimental research on fully burning high‐alkali coal in a 300 MW boiler with slag‐tap furnace
Authors: Ni Yuguo , Hu Shihao , Meng Hanxiao , Wang Jiankang , Li Hui , Zhou Hao , Ma Xiang , Zhou Hao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSafety issues such as contamination and slagging restrict the use of high‐alkali coal. To explore the possibility of fully burning high‐alkali coal in a boiler with slag‐tap furnace, Na2CO3‐blended burning tests and a fully burning high‐alkali coal test were carried out in a 300 MW boiler with slag‐tap furnace. The results showed that fully burning high‐alkali coal had little effect on the steam parameters and the boiler could operate safely. The Na content in the flue gas tended to decrease from SH5 to RH2 and increased from RH2 to ECON. The increase of Na content in the fuel would significantly raise Na content in the flue gas, slightly increase the K content, and increase the ability of liquid slag to capture Na. Before the Na content in SH coal ash was increased by 150%, the capture ability of liquid slag to Na had reached saturation. The added Na2CO3 made the Al and Ca elements migrate to the liquid slag to form a high melting point Na‐Al‐Ca compound. The microstructure analysis showed that liquid slag has a rich pore structure inside and outside and the Na content in the pore was higher than that out. Mineralogy analysis found that deposition samples mainly included Quartz, Magnesioferrite, Anhydrite, Lime, and CaSiO4 and the addition of Na2CO3 hardly affected the mineral composition.
Anatomy and relationships of the early diverging Crocodylomorphs Junggarsuchus sloani and Dibothrosuchus elaphros
Authors: Ruebenstahl Alexander A. , Klein Michael D. , Yi Hongyu , Xu Xing , Clark James M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe holotype of Junggarsuchus sloani, from the Shishugou Formation (early Late Jurassic) of Xinjiang, China, consists of a nearly complete skull and the anterior half of an articulated skeleton, including the pectoral girdles, nearly complete forelimbs, vertebral column, and ribs. Here, we describe its anatomy and compare it to other early diverging crocodylomorphs, based in part on CT scans of its skull and that of Dibothrosuchus elaphros from the Early Jurassic of China. Junggarsuchus shares many features with a cursorial assemblage of crocodylomorphs, informally known as “sphenosuchians,” whose relationships are poorly understood. However, it also displays several derived crocodyliform features that are not found among most “sphenosuchians.” Our phylogenetic analysis corroborates the hypothesis that Junggarsuchus is closer to Crocodyliformes, including living crocodylians, than are Dibothrosuchus and Sphenosuchus, but not as close to crocodyliforms as Almadasuchus and Macelognathus, and that the “Sphenosuchia” are a paraphyletic assemblage. D. elaphros and Sphenosuchus acutus are hypothesized to be more closely related to Crocodyliformes than are the remaining non‐crocodyliform crocodylomorphs, which form several smaller groups but are largely unresolved.
Pyrazolopyrimidines as attractive pharmacophores in efficient drug design: A recent update
Authors: Dorababu Atukuri 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAmong the menacing diseases, cancer needs the most attention as millions of people are affected by it worldwide. Genetic and environmental factors play a pivotal role in causing cancer. Although a wide range of underlying mechanisms of cancer has been discovered, efficient treatments have not been discovered to date. Additionally, diseases caused by microbes such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, and so forth, persistently result in several deaths. Also, inflammation is a major factor that leads to several health issues. For decades, drug design has become a major part of drug discovery and development for curing various diseases. Among the large number of pharmacological agents that have been synthesized, only very few have emerged as efficient drug molecules. Most of them are heterocyclic compounds, which are promising candidates for the design of efficient drug molecules. Furthermore, fused heterocycles showed comparatively stronger pharmacological activities than monocyclic heterocycles. The literature reveals that pyrazolopyrimidines have outstanding biological activity. Hence, here, the diverse pharmacological activities shown by pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives reported in the last 5 years are collated and reviewed systematically. This review is classified into various sections focusing on anticancer, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitors. Structure–activity relationships are discussed in brief, which will help researchers design potent pharmacological agents.
Model‐based robust control design and experimental validation of collaborative industrial robot system with uncertainty
Authors: Zhen ShengChao , Zhang Meng , Liu XiaoLi , Chen Ye‐Hwa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBased on the traditional PID control and robust control algorithm, a novel practical robust control method is designed for the 6‐DOF collaborative industrial robot with uncertainty. The proposed algorithm consists of a robust term and a model‐based PD control term, which we call MPDP controller. It is demonstrated by Lyapunov theoretical analysis that the algorithm is able to guarantee uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness of the system. Simulations and experiments show the good performance of MPDP control in a robot with smaller steady‐state tracking errors and better robustness compared to PID controllers.
Hintergründe und Nachweisgrundlagen zur Brandschutzbemessung von Brettsperrholzkonstruktionen – Teil 1
Authors: Werther Norman , Schmid Joachim , Fahrni Reto , Klippel Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIm Rahmen dieses zweiteiligen Aufsatzes wird auf die brandschutztechnische Bemessung für Brettsperrholzelemente und ‐konstruktionen eingegangen und deren Besonderheit im Vergleich zu Voll‐ und Brettschichtholz aufgezeigt. Der nachfolgende erste Teil des Beitrags umfasst die Aspekte der Baustoffklassifikation sowie des Abbrandverhaltens und der Tragfähigkeitsbeurteilung von bekleideten und unbekleideten Brettsperrholzbauteilen im Brandfall. Der zweite Teil erläutert die Nachweisansätze der raumabschließenden Funktion, stellt die Prinzipien zur brandschutztechnisch sicheren Detailausbildung dar und gibt Erläuterungen zum Einfluss von Brettsperrholz auf die Branddynamik.
Structural alterations in cell organelles induced by photodynamic treatment with chlorin p6‐histamine conjugate in human oral carcinoma cells probed by 3D fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Parihar Arpana , Dube Alok 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe have explored the intracellular cell organelle's structural alterations after photodynamic treatment with chlorin p6‐histamine conjugate (Cp6‐his) in human oral cancer cells. Herein, the cells were treated with Cp6‐his (10 μm) and counterstained with organelle‐specific fluorescence probes to find the site of intracellular localization using confocal microscopy. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), the cells were exposed to ~30 kJ/m2 red light (660 ± 20 nm) to induce ~90% cytotoxicity. We used the three‐dimensional (3D) image reconstruction approach to analyze the photodynamic damage to cell organelles. The result showed that Cp6‐his localized mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes but not in mitochondria and Golgi apparatus (GA). The 3D model revealed that in necrotic cells, PDT led to extensive fragmentation of ER and fragmentation and swelling of GA as well. Results suggest that the indirect damage to GA occurred due to loss of connection between ER and GA. Moreover, in damaged cells with no sign of necrosis, the perinuclear ER appeared condensed and surrounded by several small clumps at the peripheral region of the cell, and the GA was observed to form a single condensed structure. Since these structural changes were associated with apoptotic cell death, it is suggested that the necrotic and apoptotic death induced by PDT with Cp6‐his is determined by the severity of damage to ER and indirect damage to GA. The results suggest that the indirect damage to cell organelle apart from the sites of photosensitizer localization and the severity of damage at the organelle level contribute significantly to the mode of cell death in PDT.
Conservation through conversation? Therapeutic engagement on biodiversity and extinction between NGOs and companies
Authors: Atkins Jill F. , Atkins Barry , Maroun Warren , Barone Elisabetta , Gozman Danny 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAdopting a theoretical framework from social narrative therapy, this paper examines how new realities are being constantly created as the corporate narrative is rewritten or ‘re‐storied’ through engagement between NGO–therapists and corporate–clients. Detailed interviews are conducted with 21 NGOs operating in a developing economy and working with local and multi‐national companies. The research reveals how the relationship between NGOs and companies has shifted from an adversarial one (reported in earlier studies) to one characterised by constructive dialogue, facilitation and mediation. The engagements have ‘therapeutic’ properties and offer one solution for tackling the impacts which modern business practices are having on biodiversity. An extensive review of narrative and social constructionist perspectives across business ethics, organisations and accounting is beyond the scope of this paper. The discussion and analysis are limited to the application of narrative approaches to counselling to NGO–company relationships.
Estimates of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life years of lung cancer in Iran, 1990–2019: A systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019
Authors: Shokri Varniab Zahra , Sharifnejad Tehrani Yeganeh , Pourabhari Langroudi Ashkan , Azadnajafabad Sina , Rezaei Negar , Rashidi Mohammad‐Mahdi , Esfahani Zahra , Malekpour Mohammad‐Reza , Ghasemi Erfan , Ghamari Azin , Dilmaghani‐Marand Arezou , Mohammadi Fateh Sahar , Namazi Shabestari Alireza , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is one of the leading cancers, with a high burden worldwide. As a developing country, Iran is facing with population growth, widespread tobacco use, demographic and epidemiologic changes, and environmental exposures, which lead to cancers becoming a severe concern of public health in Iran. We aimed to examine the burden of lung cancer and its risk factors in Iran.MethodsWe utilized the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data and analyzed the total burden of the lung cancer and seven related risk factors by sex, age at national and sub‐national levels from 1990 to 2019.ResultsThe lung cancer age‐standardized death rate increased from 11.8 (95% Uncertainty Interval: 9.7–14.4) to 12.9 (11.9–13.9) per 100,000 between 1990 and 2019. This increase was among women from 5 (4.2–7.1) to 8 (7.2–8.8) per 100,000; in contrast, there was a decline among men from 18.5 (14.8–22.6) to 17.8 (16.2–19.4) per 100,000. The burden of lung cancer is concentrated in the advanced age groups. Smoking with 53.5% of total attributable deaths (51.0%–55.9%) was the leading risk factor. At the provincial level, there was a wide range between the lowest and highest, from 8.3 (7.0–10.0) to 19.1 (16.4–22.0) per 100,000 population in the incidence rate and from 8.7 (7.3–10.3) to 20.6 (17.7–24.0) per 100,000 population in mortality rate, respectively in Tehran and West Azerbaijan provinces in 2019.ConclusionThe increasing trend of lung cancer burden among the entire Iranian population, the inter‐provincial disparities, and the significant rise in burden of this cancer in women necessitate the urgent implementation and development of policies to prevent and manage lung cancer burden and strategies to reduce exposure to risk factors.
Treatment of peri‐implant soft tissue dehiscence around implants placed in calvarial bone graft maxilla and mandible 20 years ago: A case report
Authors: Watanabe Martha , Tanimura Rémy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionDespite tissue augmentation and management prior implantation, long‐term observation can reveal a change in peri‐implant phenotype with some lack of keratinized mucosa (KM). The treatment approach of peri‐implant dehiscence in multiple implants is not clearly defined. This report describes the different periodontal surgical approaches undertaken to promote the gingival margin stability and to prevent the peri‐implant mucosal inflammation over time.Case PresentationA 64‐year‐old woman with peri‐implant tissue dehiscence regarding implants placed 20 years ago in a calvarial bone grafted maxilla and mandible was treated. Right maxillary and mandible peri‐implants soft tissue were treated with a large apically positioned partial‐thickness flap (APPTF) combined to a free gingival graft (FGG) simultaneously. For the left maxillary, where a frenum was in tension associated with infection and pockets, a large APPTF followed by a FGG 4 months later were performed. The KM width (KMW) increased in three operated sites with a gain average of 2.2 mm. The plaque control record decreased from 68% to 21%. All the probing depths were lower than 3 mm. Bleeding on probing was significantly reduced. The gingival index (GI) went from 1.5 to 0.25.ConclusionIn a multiple implants soft tissue dehiscence case, an APPTF associate to a FGG, delayed or not, seems to be a safety primary approach to improve the KMW and to stabilize the peri‐implants soft tissue. Further, a connective tissue graft in a bilaminar approach could be an option to enhance soft tissue thickness and esthetic outcomes.Key pointsWhy is this case new information?

To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are very limited studies regarding multi‐implant soft tissue dehiscence treatment. Relevant guidelines are not clearly defined.
Despite peri‐implant hard and soft tissue augmentation, after a long‐term observation (20 years of function), we can observe a change in peri‐implant soft tissue phenotype (PISTP) with periodontal complication.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Removal of peri‐implant infection and tissue tension (frenum) by a large apically positioned partial‐thickness flap (APPTF) before soft tissue augmentation procedure.
In case of very thin peri‐implant soft tissue, caution is needed to preserve the blood supply from the supra‐periosteal plexus.
Large APPTF and sufficient amount of keratinized mucosa (KM) should be grafted to compensate for the tissue shrinkage.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

High esthetic demand.
A secondary bilaminar approach with a connective tissue graft (CTG) should be necessary to improve the esthetic outcomes.
Patient compliance.
A multiresolution network architecture for deferred neural lighting
Authors: Ma Shengjie , Wu Hongzhi , Ren Zhong , Zhou Kun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe present a novel multiresolution network architecture for deferred neural lighting. The key idea is to explicitly separate the processing of appearance at different spatial resolutions, leading to considerably improved high‐frequency details as well as temporal stability in animation sequences with varying view conditions. Moreover, our network is only half the size of the original one, and requires less training data to converge to satisfactory results. The network is tested over five captured datasets from deferred neural lighting and may be extended to other neural appearance techniques, such as NeRF or neural textures.
Kernel triplet loss for image‐text retrieval
Authors: Pan Zhengxin , Wu Fangyu , Zhang Bailing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTriplet loss is widely used as the objective function in image‐text retrieval tasks. However, as all the triplets are treated equally, triplet loss has a bottleneck problem of slow convergence and other unsatisfactory performances. In this article, we propose solutions by appropriately weighting triplets according to the relative similarities among the training samples. Specifically, we present three weighting functions to assign an appropriate weight for the selected informative triplets to accelerate the convergence. We evaluate our approach on two widely used benchmark datasets: Flickr30k and MSCOCO, with results outperforming the previous methods, which demonstrates its superiority.