bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EAST steady-state long pulse H-mode with core-edge integration for CFETR
Authors: Gong X.Z. , Garofalo A.M. , Huang J. , Qian J.P. , Ekedah A. , Maingi R. , holcomb C.T. , Liu F.K. , Zhao Y.P. , Xiao B.J. , Hu J.S. , Hu C.D. , Hu L.Q. , Wang M. , Xu H.D. , Li E. , Zeng L. , Zang Q. , Liu H.Q. , Lyu B. , Yuan Q.P. , Li K.D. , Zhang B. , Zhang J.Y. , Jia T.Q. , Wu M.Q. , Chen J.L. , Zhu X. , Li M.H. , Zhang X.J. , Zhang L. , Duan Y.M. , Wang L. , Ding R. , Sun Y.W. , Xu G.S. , Liang Y.F. , Xiang N. , Wan B.N. , Li J.G. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A recent EAST experiment has successfully demonstrated long pulse steady-state high plasma performance scenario and core-edge integration since the last IAEA in 2018. A discharge with a duration over 60 s with β
P ∼ 2.0, β
N ∼ 1.6, H98y2 ∼ 1.3 and an internal transport barrier on the electron temperature channel is obtained with multi-RF power heating and current drive. A higher β
N (β
N ∼ 1.8, β
p ∼ 2.0, H98y2 ∼ 1.3, n
e/n
GW ∼ 0.75) with a duration of 20 s is achieved by using the modulated neutral beam and multi-RF power, where several normalized parameters are close or even higher than the phase III 1 GW scenario of CFETR steady-state. High-Z impurity accumulation in the plasma core is well controlled in a low level by using the on-axis ECH. Modeling shows that the strong diffusion of TEM turbulence in the central region prevents tungsten impurity from accumulating. More recently, EAST has demonstrated compatible core-edge integration discharges in the high β
p scenario: high confinement H98y2 > 1.2 with high β
P ∼ 2.5/β
N ∼ 2.0 and f
bs ∼ 50% is sustained with reduced divertor heat flux at high density n
e/n
GW ∼ 0.7 and moderate q
95 ∼ 6.7. By combining active impurity seeding through radiative divertor feedback control and strike point splitting induced by resonant perturbation coil, the peak heat flux is reduced by 20–30% on the ITER-like tungsten divertor, here a mixture of 50% neon and 50% D2 is applied.
Effects of Clay in Nylon Fibe
Authors: Uddin Faheem 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Since the introduction of nylon 6:6, and nylon 6, the nylon fiber was in significant demand in home textile and technical textile articles. Its uses in hosiery, sail cloth, parachute, blouses, gowns and veils, swim suit, parachute, and lingerie etc. Improving the performance of any nylon matrix with the loading of clay content, for the desired effects, can be an important subject to expand the utilization of nylon in automotive, technical textiles etc. This review study is to find out how clay may contribute in the performance of nylon fiber, and what research directions are appealing in achieving the desired effects in nylon fibers. The known effects on orientation and crystal structure of any nylon polymer; and how the advantageous effects in the utilization of nylon are achievable through the incorporation of clay mineral particularly in composite fiber. Strength, fatigue and thermal stability are some improved effects possible. Heat resistance and flame retardancy are particularly discussed. The aim of this review study is to realize how the nylon fiber was modified using the montmorillonite clay; and to explore what are the possible effects, and improvement achieved.
Fabrication and Evaluation of Bimetallic Materials for Removal of Cr6+
Authors: Wang Tingting , Han Zhiyong , Lv Xiaobin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Adsorption technology is an effective way for removal of heavy metals ions and other organic pollutants in water treatment. In recent years, bimetallic adsorbents with high performance and low cost have attracted more and more attention. In this study, nano zero valent iron was prepared. On this basis, Fe/Cu Bimetallic materials were prepared. The effects of Cu conversion, initial concentration, time, and pH value on Cr6+ removal rate and amount were systematically tested. The results show that under the conditions of initial concentration (50mg/L), time (60min) and pH (3), the Fe/Cu material with copper conversion of 3% has the best effect on the removal of Cr6+ in wastewater. Thus, this study is expected to provide important reference data for the effective removal of Cr6+ in water.
Effect of Square Texture on Tribological Properties of Nano-SiO2/POB-PTFE Composites
Authors: Yang Dongya , Xue Wei , Xiong Xinwen , Li Weitao , Sun Rongtuo , Li Jiajun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to study the seal design problem of piston rings in Stirling engine, on the basis of filling PTFE with Nano-SiO2 and POB and preparing the GCr15 contact surface with square texture by HM20-I laser marking machine, experiments were carried out on LSR-2M wear tester by indirect weighing and in-situ observation methods. Optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to observe the evolution of Nano-SiO2/POB-PTFE composites’ transfer film on contact surface. The results showed that the square texture would shorten the running-in and transitionary periods of the composites’ tribological process, accelerate into the stationary period. The formation process of the composites’ transfer film on the square textured contact surface was also different from smooth contact surface. Although the square texture would increase wear rate, its ability to store wear debris is more conducive to the formation of reliable, uniform and continuous transfer film with a same friction direction. Obviously, reasonable design of surface texture can effectively improve the wear resistance of sealing parts made of filling modified PTFE composites, thus providing theoretical guidance for the seal design of Stirling engine piston ring.
Analysis of the Operation Principle of Typical Cogeneration Units
Authors: Ji Haofan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cogeneration is a comprehensive energy utilization technology. While generating electricity, it effectively uses vaporized latent heat for heating, which has many advantages such as high energy utilization efficiency and environmental protection. The technical characteristics of several different forms of cogeneration such as gas turbines, gas-steams and fuel cells are analyzed. It can be seen from this paper that the heating method in the cogeneration area is advanced and reasonable, which has a good reference significance for improving energy utilization, energy conservation and emission reduction.
Stability Analysis for Equivalent Circular Cylindrical Shell
Authors: Chen Yuying , Li Jing , Zhang Wei , He Bin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ring truss antenna is an ideal structure for large satellite antenna, which can be equivalent to circular cylindrical shell model. Based on the high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic vibration and bifurcation theory, we focus on the nonlinear dynamic behavior for breathing vibration system of ring truss antenna with internal resonance. The nonlinear transformation and Routh-Hurwitz criterion are used to analyze the stability of equilibrium point after disturbance, and the theoretical analysis is verified by numerical simulation. It provides a reference to ensure the stability and control parameters of satellite antenna in complex space environment.
Energy Consumption Analysis Model of Typical Cogeneration Systems
Authors: Ji Haofan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
At present, China’s urban heating system consumes a lot of energy and is seriously polluted. Our government is working hard to develop urban natural gas regional heating systems to replace traditional coal-fired heating to reduce the serious impact of coal combustion emissions on the urban atmospheric environment during the heating season. On this basis, the characteristics of traditional energy efficiency comparison methods and the problems encountered by these traditional methods in the energy efficiency analysis and application of distributed energy cold, hot and power multigeneration systems in China are analyzed, and the comparable performance efficiency analysis methods suitable for the application of cold, hot and hot power multiple production applications of distributed energy are studied.
Research on New Cleaning Method of Automobile Air Conditioner
Authors: Tang Xiaotao , Huang He 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
on the car air conditioning cleaning market at present there are some problem of cleaning method has been widely criticized, simple and convenient cleaning method, in particular, the so-called clean air conditioning is “only spray cleaner, no water washing”, this will cause the pipeline internal dirt clean is not complete, easy to internal damage other parts of automobile air conditioning, affect the normal operation of the air conditioning, the remaining part of the chemical substances will also produce secondary pollution to the air inside the car, seriously affects people’s health and safety.
Study of Real-road Nitrogen Oxide Emissions of Non-road Vehicles
Authors: Tan Piqiang , Yao Junwen , Yao Chaojie , Hu Zhiyuan , Lou Diming , Lu Shuyu , Li Dengxin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The exhaust gas pollutants of the non-road vehicles are harmful to the environment. Many non-road vehicles meet the requirements of the regulations in the laboratory. However, the real-road emissions of such vehicles are sometimes higher. Measuring the real-road emissions of non-road vehicles is very important. The real-road emissions are measured by on-Board Diagnostics (OBD), but there are some problems in the data stability of OBD. The NOx emissions of a bulldozer (a type of China IV non-road vehicle) based on both portable emission measurement system (PEMS) and OBD are studied in this article. Experiments contained three working processes: idle, driving, and operating. The nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions during operating were highest. The NOx emission characteristics of the bulldozer from PEMS and OBD have the similar variation trends. But there are still some differences, including the NOx emission value and response time. The measurement principles and different sampling points between PEMS and OBD are the main factors. An effective data processing method is introduced to reduce the differences of between the data from PEMS and OBD. Briefly, the NOx emissions of the OBD and PEMS were highly consistent. The OBD is reliable and can be widely used in non-road vehicles.
Review of Research on System Thermal Inertia Modelling and Optimal Scheduling from the Perspective of Flexible Resources
Authors: Cong Lin , Zhou Xichao , Li Na , Zhu Haifeng , Fan Ying , Bu Lingxi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The thermal inertia of the existing heating system is often considered an adverse factor, which will affect the operation of the system. However, under the perspective of resource flexibility, the thermal inertia of the system can effectively increase the flexibility of the system operation, significantly reduce the energy consumption and enhance the ability of energy supply and demand balance, and enhance the new energy integration, such as the wind power. Based on the flexible resources, it focuses on the study of the thermal inertia of the “network side” heating pipe network of the system and the optimal scheduling of the heating system. Combined with the thermal inertia of the pipe network, the operation characteristics of the power/heat output of the gas-steam combined cycle unit were analysed theoretically. On this basis, the optimal scheduling model of the system was established. Taking the energy supply system of an industrial park as an example, the model was verified to achieve a more stable power output effect of the unit.
Bifurcation Analysis of a Four-Dimensional System of Two Symmetric Coupled Nonlinear Oscillators with Clearance
Authors: Guo Ziyu , Li Jing , Zhu Shaotao , Geng Hui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The research gradually highlights vibration and dynamical analysis of symmetric coupled nonlinear oscillators model with clearance. The aim of this paper is the bifurcation analysis of the symmetric coupled nonlinear oscillators modeled by a four-dimensional nonsmooth system. The approximate solution of this system is obtained with aid of averaging method and Krylov-Bogoliubov (KB) transformation presented by new notations of matrices. The bifurcation function is derived to investigate its dynamic behaviour by singularity theory. The results obtained provide guidance for the nonlinear vibration of symmetric coupled nonlinear oscillators model with clearance.
Research on Tension Control System of Reciprocating Winding
Authors: Zhao Kaijie , Zeng Sheng , Zhao Liangliang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
When the enameled wire is winded onto the poles of the motor stator or rotor, the winding quality hugely relies on the control precision of the tension. Therefore, it is necessary to control the tension of the enameled wire in winding process. A tension control system is built with single chip microcomputer, the encoder and the servo motor. The PID feedback controller and feedforward controller are combined to form feedforward feedback controller, which using feedback information of swing angle deviation and feedforward information of wire frame position to adjust the pay off speed dynamically and control tension of enameled wire further. A procedural experimental modelling method is discussed in order to identify the feedforward model. The experiment is performed, it is found that in the typical situation of setting tension 1500 g, the tension fluctuation rate of the PID controller with feedforward model is only 2%, which is far better than that of pure PID controller with a fluctuation rate of 14%. The result shows that the proposed experimental modelling method hosts the characteristics of good accuracy, universality and applicability.
Operation Mode of Integrated Energy System with Liquid Air Energy Storage
Authors: Bai Ning , Liu Yixue , Jiang Xiaoxia , Cui Shuangshuang , Li Haipeng , He Qing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper takes the energy supply in the park as the research background, the integrated energy system as the research object and establishes the integrated energy system model including liquid air energy storage, distributed photovoltaic, gas turbines and other equipment. When the integrated energy system operates the mode of “ordering heat by power”, the heat wasted as high as 14.647MWh and the cold wasted as high as 24.13MWh. When the system is not equipped with LAES, the output power of the CCHP unit increases by 21MWh, the electricity purchase in power grid increases by 8.123MWh, the heat waste increases by 21.696MWh and the cold waste increases by 12.421MWh. When the integrated energy system operates the mode of [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] ordering power by heat ", heat energy of the system has been reasonably utilized. When the system is not equipped with LAES, the power output and heat of the CCHP unit in the system are the same, the thermal energy output results of the system are the same and the electricity purchased by the power grid increases by 32.14MWh.
Energy evaluation of clay firing process and combustion gases in an intermittent kiln
Authors: Guerrero Gómez G , Afanador Garcia N , Nolasco Serna C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The recording of temperatures in different positions in the firing process in an intermittent kiln to produce ceramic materials is presented, which led to the energy evaluation, determining the heat used for the clay firing process and the heat losses. In addition, a study of the emissions of pollutant gases released into the environment was carried out, as stipulated in the protocol of control, and monitoring of stationary source. In the energy balance, large energy losses were detected in heat accumulation in the masonry of 7.20×106 KJ of the energy supplied, representing 16.99%, and in the kiln walls of 5.20×10 KJ, representing 12.17%. As a result, it is necessary to make constructive and operative changes in the operation of the kilns, which will lead to the recovery of residual heat in the use of drying of parts, drying, and preheating of combustion air, reducing energy consumption and emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. The average concentration of particulate matter released into the environment was 1056.60 mg/m3, 422% higher than the standard, affecting people’s health.
Thermo-economic analysis of the potential for electricity generation by integrating a Rankine cycle with municipal solid waste incineration
Authors: Sánchez Ascanio L , Torres Correa K A , Quintero-Coronel D A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Municipal Solid Wastes generated by human activities increase as the population grows; in Ocaña city, Norte de Santander, Colombia, these wastes reach a monthly production of about 2660 tons, made up of 65.6% waste food, 15.3% plastics, 9.9% toilet paper, 3.6% paperboard, 2.6% textile residues, 1.6% paper, 0.8% wood wastes, and 0.1% rubber. This work estimates the energy potential from municipal solid wastes for electricity generation and their production costs. A multicriteria decision analysis allowed selecting the best technology for the wastes processing based on their energy content. For the evaluated criteria, the incineration process showed priority. A model developed in the engineering equation solver software allowed calculating the electrical energy potential by integrating the incineration process with a Rankine cycle. By implementing a thermo-economic assessment, the electricity generation costs were determined, where the inversion, installation, operation, and maintenance costs were considered. 1974 KW of electrical power with generation costs of $300/KWh and a payback period of 2.5 years show the feasibility of this process.
Inference of molecular divertor density from filtered camera analysis of molecularly induced Balmer line emission during detachment in JET L-mode plasmas
Authors: Karhunen J. , Holm A. , Lomanowski B. , Solokha V. , Aleiferis S. , Carvalho P. , Groth M. , Lawson K.D. , Meigs A.G. , Shaw A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A previously presented Monte Carlo method for estimating local plasma conditions in 2D based on intensity ratios of deuterium Balmer D
α
, D
γ
and D
ɛ
lines was amended to consider also the D
α
and D
γ
emission contributions arising from molecular processes. The obtained estimates were used to infer the molecular divertor density with the help of the molecular databases of EIRENE. The method was benchmarked against EDGE2D-EIRENE simulations and observed to reproduce the molecularly induced emission fractions and the molecular divertor densities primarily within 25% of the references. Experimental analysis of a JET L-mode density scan suggested molecularly induced D
α
and D
γ
contributions of up to 60–70% and 20%, respectively, during the process of detachment. The independent estimates of the molecular divertor density inferred from the obtained molecularly induced D
α
and D
γ
intensities agree within uncertainties with each other. Both estimates show the molecular density increasing up to approximately 1.0–2.0 × 1020 m−3 at the outer strike point in deep detachment with its ratio to the local electron density agreeing with EDGE2D-EIRENE predictions within the scatter of the experimental data.
Monte Carlo simulations for XIDer, a novel digital integration X-ray detector for the next generation of synchrotron radiation sources
Authors: Collonge M. , Busca P. , Fajardo P. , Williams M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work presents the first simulation results of the incremental digital integration readout, a charge-integrating front-end scheme with in-pixel digitisation and accumulation. This novel readout concept is at the core of the XIDer (X-ray Integrating Detector) project, which aims to design 2D pixelated X-ray detectors optimised for high energy scattering and diffraction applications for the next generation of synchrotron radiation sources such as the ESRF Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS). The digital integration readout and the XIDer detector open the possibilities for high-duty-cycle operation under very high photon flux, fast frame-rate and high dynamic range with single-photon sensitivity in the 30–100 keV energy range. The readout method allows for noise-free effective X-ray detection. The digital integration concept is currently under investigation to evaluate the impact of main critical design parameters to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the readout scheme and consequently to propose refinements in the final implementation. Simulations have been performed with a dedicated Monte Carlo simulation tool, X-DECIMO, a modular Python package designed to recreate the complete detection chain of X-ray detectors for synchrotron radiation experiments. Losses and non-linearities of the readout scheme are simulated and quantified. In addition to presenting simulation results for this novel readout scheme, this work underlines the potential of the approach and some of its limitations.
Distribution of organic carbon in Ultisol soils with citronella and pine vegetation, at Gayo Highlands, Aceh
Authors: Karim A , Hifnalisa  , Jufri Y , Fazlina Y D , Megawati  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Soil organic matter is an indicator of soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to analyse various forms of soil organic carbon in citronella plantation, citronella plantation under pine tree, and soil under pine tree. Soil organic carbon in various forms was analysed from soil samples taken from each horizon and soil profile. The soil profiles observed were ultisol profiles planted with citronella, citronella under pine tree, and under pine tree, and slopes; 0-8%, 8-15%, 15 -25%, and 25-40%, in order to obtain 12 soil profiles with a total of 39 soil samples. Ultisols planted with citronella had higher soil organic carbon than ultisols planted with citronella under pine tree and ultisols under pine trees. Based on the slope, the highest soil organic carbon was obtained in the soil with a slope of 0-8%, and decreased with increasing slope. Based on soil depth, the highest soil organic carbon was obtained in the upper horizon, compared to the horizon below. The highest total soil organic carbon was obtained at the soil surface horizon with a slope of 0-8% and citronella was planted. This pattern of total soil organic carbon is similar to that of sesquioxide bound organic carbon, but is not consistent with that of free clay bound organic carbon.
Monitoring of damage and distribution of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize crop in Karo, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Supartha I W , Susila I W , Yuliadhi K A , Haloho E S M , Yudha I K W , Utama I W E K , Wiradana P A 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive pest from America and has recently become an important pest in Indonesia. In their new environment, these pests have very high migratory and adaptive skills, as well as aggressive feeding habits. The aim of this research was to monitor the distribution, percentage of attacks, and damage caused by S. frugiperda on maize fields in the Karo District of North Sumatra Province. The study was conducted using a survey method at various altitudes and the sample unit was determined using the diagonal method. Each sample unit has a size of 2 × 2 m2. The age of maize crop used as the sample is 2-4; 5-6; 7-8; 9-10; and 11 weeks after planting (wap). Symptoms of attack, number of larvae population, and percentage of FAW attack were observed directly on plants. The results showed that FAW spread evenly at various altitudes, with the highest population at an altitude of 500-1,000 m.a.s.l at the age of 2-4 wap with a larval population density of 14.20 individual/unit sample. The highest percentage of attack was found at an altitude of 500-1,000 m.a.s.l, namely 82% at 2-4 wap. The highest attack on leaves occurred at an altitude of 500-1,000 m.a.s.l (70.6%) at the age of 2-4 wap.