bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of catch and trophic signatures illustrate diverse management requirements of coastal fisheries in Solomon Islands
Authors: Smallhorn-West Patrick , van der Ploeg Jan , Boso Delvene , Sukulu Meshach , Leamae Janet , Isihanua Mathew , Jasper Martin , Saeni-Oeta Janet , Batalofo Margaret , Orirana Grace , Konamalefo Alick , Houma Jill , Eriksson Hampus 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCoastal fisheries are a critical component of Pacific island food systems; they power village economies and provide nutritious aquatic foods. Many coastal women and men actively fishing in this region rely on multi-species fisheries, which given their extraordinary diversity are notoriously difficult to both characterize, and to manage. Understanding patterns of fishing, diversity of target species and drivers of these patterns can help define requirements for sustainable management and enhanced livelihoods. Here we use a 12-month data set of 8535 fishing trips undertaken by fishers across Malaita province, Solomon Islands, to create fisheries signatures for 13 communities based on the combination of two metrics; catch per unit effort (CPUE) and catch trophic levels. These signatures are in turn used as a framework for guiding suitable management recommendations in the context of community-based resource management. While a key proximate driver of these patterns was fishing gear (e.g. angling, nets or spearguns), market surveys and qualitative environmental information suggest that community fishing characteristics are coupled to local environmental features more than the market value of specific species they target. Our results demonstrate that even within a single island not all small-scale fisheries are equal, and effective management solutions ultimately depend on catering to the specific environmental characteristics around individual communities.
Semi-natural habitats in the European boreal region: Caught in the socio-ecological extinction vortex?
Authors: Herzon Irina , Raatikainen Kaisa J. , Helm Aveliina , Rūsiņa Solvita , Wehn Sølvi , Eriksson Ove 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe propose to consider semi-natural habitats—hotspots for biodiversity—being caught in a socio-ecological extinction vortex, similar to the phenomenon described for species threatened with extinction. These habitats are essentially socioecological systems, in which socioeconomic drivers are interlinked with ecological processes. We identify four highly interlinked and mutually reinforcing socio-economic processes, pertaining to the importance of semi-natural habitats for (i) agricultural production, (ii) policy, research and development; (iii) vocational education in the fields of agricultural sciences and (iv) public’s experiences with semi-natural habitats. Evidence from six countries in the boreal region demonstrates that recent slowing down or even reversal of two processes are insufficient to stop the extinction vortex phenomenon. We suggest research directions to ascertain the phenomenon, monitor its development and develop proactive actions to weaken the vortex. It is highly plausible that interventions directed at most, if not all, of the key vortex processes are needed to reverse the overall deteriorating trends of a socio-ecological system.
Mathematical modelling of cross-linked polyacrylic-based hydrogels: physical properties and drug delivery
Authors: Bisotti Filippo , Pizzetti Fabio , Storti Giuseppe , Rossi Filippo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, hydrogels have gained significant importance in different applications, such as tissue engineering and drug delivery. They are 3D structures of hydrophilic polymers held together through physical or chemical crosslinking. Important is their ability to swell in presence of solvents, forming elastic gels able to maintain their original shape. Furthermore, these scaffolds slowly degrade in the physiological environment, leading the growing tissue to replace the former filled site. In this work, hydrogels have been synthetized using branched polyacrylic acid (carbomer) cross-linked with an aliphatic polyetherdiamine (elastamine). In particular, we focused on the description of their equilibrium conditions in swollen state and the dynamic simulation of the swelling process. These hydrogels exhibited a peculiar swelling behaviour characterized by an overshoot of the volume increase before reaching the equilibrium. Notably, such behaviour was found at different pH values. In this manuscript, the swelling behaviour was studied by mathematical modelling. Moreover, the ability of these devices to release drugs was also examined through a literature model to understand the different operating transport mechanisms.
Establishment of a mouse model of pancreatic cancer using human pancreatic cancer cell line S2-013-derived organoid
Authors: Tanaka Chiharu , Furihata Kaoru , Naganuma Seiji , Ogasawara Mitsunari , Yoshioka Reiko , Taniguchi Hideki , Furihata Mutsuo , Taniuchi Keisuke 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA well-established preclinical model of pancreatic cancer needs to be established to facilitate research on new therapeutic targets. Recently established animal models of pancreatic cancer, including patient-derived tumor models and organoid models, are used for pre-clinical drug testing and biomarker discovery. These models have useful characteristics over conventional xenograft mouse models based on cell lines in preclinical studies, but still cannot accurately predict the clinical outcomes of new treatments and have not yet been broadly implemented in research. We employed pancreatic cancer organoid culture methods using the pancreatic cancer cell line S2-013, and performed pathological and immunohistochemical analyses to characterize tumor xenografts obtained from a mouse model implanted with S2-013 cell line-derived organoids. Serum levels of the pancreatic cancer tumor marker CA19-9 were measured by ELISA. We generated human pancreatic cancer organoids using a co-culture of S2-013 cells, human endothelial cells derived from human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and human mesenchymal stem cells, and established a mouse model with subcutaneously transplanted human pancreatic cancer organoids (S2-013-organoid model). Although blood clotting crater-like formation developed in the middle of subcutaneous xenografts in the S2-013-conventional model, created by subcutaneously injecting S2-013 cells into the right flank of nude mice, the size of xenografts in the S2-013-organoid model gradually increased without crater-like formation. Importantly, tumor xenografts obtained from the S2-013-organoid model exhibited a clinical human pancreatic cancer tissue-like cellular morphology, tissue architecture, and polarity, and actively formed cancer stroma containing mature blood vessels with the high expression of the vascular tight junction marker CD31. In subcutaneous xenografts of S2-013-conventional mice, no blood vessel density or widely expanding areas of necrotic regions were present. Consequently, serum levels of CA19-9 in the S2-013-organoid model correlated with tumor volumes. In addition, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, the conversion of epithelial cells to the mesenchymal phenotype, was observed in tumor xenografts of the S2-013-organoid model. The S2-013-organoid model provides tumor xenografts consisting of clinical human pancreatic cancer-like tissue formation with the effective development of vascularized stroma, and may be valuable for facilitating studies on pre-clinical drug testing and biomarker discovery.
Robust Detection of Tables in Documents Using Scores from Table Cell Cores
Authors: Ajij Md. , Pratihar Sanjoy , Roy Diptendu Sinha , Hanne Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTable detection is an essential step in many document analysis systems. Tabular data are a pivotal form of information representation that can organize data in a conventional structure for comfortable and quick information retrieval and comparison. Detection of table structures in PDF files or images is a challenging task because of the variability of table layouts, and sometimes the tabular structures’ similarities with non-tabular elements like charts, plots, etc. In this work, we have presented a table detection method using a geometric analysis of the table cell cores that represents the table cell texts. The proposed method works by analyzing the text gap information, and hence it can detect the table cell cores, irrespective of the presence of the table boundary lines and cell-separating rule-lines. Experimentations have been done on various document images of complex structures from well-known datasets. The detection accuracies obtained by us corroborate the usefulness of the proposed method.
Sustained Deep Pacific Carbon Storage After the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition Linked to Enhanced Southern Ocean Stratification
Authors: Qin Bingbin , Jia Qi , Xiong Zhifang , Li Tiegang , Algeo Thomas J. , Dang Haowen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractChanges in ocean carbon inventory are considered the likely primary driver of declining glacial atmospheric pCO2 through the Mid‐Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Here, we present global core‐top calibrations of the “size‐normalized weight” (SNW) of planktonic foraminifera for estimating paleo‐deep‐water Δ[CO32−]. Then, we apply this approach to reconstruct deep‐water Δ[CO32−] in the western tropical Pacific since ∼1.4 Ma. At ∼1.0–0.9 Ma, a rapid weakening of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) resulted in a transient increase of ∼10 μmol kg−1 in deep‐water Δ[CO32−], after which deep‐water Δ[CO32−] declined at ∼0.9–0.7 Ma. Glacial and interglacial deep‐water Δ[CO32−] reveals stepwise declines of about 7 and 10 μmol kg−1, respectively, after MIS 20 (0.79–0.81 Ma) and MIS 19 (0.76–0.79 Ma), reflecting increased DIC content in the deep Pacific. We infer that a sustained increase in deep Pacific carbon storage following the MPT was linked to enhanced oceanic stratification and greater influence of CO2‐rich Southern Ocean‐sourced waters.
GPS Rates of Vertical Bedrock Motion Suggest Late Holocene Ice‐Sheet Readvance in a Critical Sector of East Antarctica
Authors: King Matt A. , Watson Christopher S. , White Duanne 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigate present‐day bedrock vertical motion using new Global Positioning System (GPS) timeseries from the Totten‐Denman glacier region of East Antarctica (∼77°–120°E) where models of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) disagree, glaciers are likely losing mass, and few data constraints on GIA exist. We show that varying surface mass balance loading (SMBL) is a dominant signal, contributing random‐walk‐like noise to GPS timeseries across Antarctica. In the study region, it induces site velocity biases of up to ∼+1 mm/yr over 2010–2020. After correcting for SMBL displacement and GPS common mode error, subsidence is evident at all sites aside from the Totten Glacier region where uplift is ∼1.5 mm/yr. Uplift near the Totten Glacier is consistent with late Holocene ice retreat while the widespread subsidence further west suggests possible late Holocene readvance of the region’s ice sheet, in broad agreement with limited glacial geological data and highlighting the need for sampling beneath the current ice sheet.
Pair Selection Optimization for InSAR Time Series Processing
Authors: Smittarello D. , d’Oreye N. , Jaspard M. , Derauw D. , Samsonov S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ever‐increasing amount of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data motivates the development of automatic processing chains to fully exploit the opportunities offered by these large databases. The Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) Mass processing Toolbox for Multidimensional time series is an optimized tool to automatically download SAR data, select the interferometric pairs, perform the interferometric mass processing, compute the geocoded deformation maps, invert and display the velocity maps and the 2D time series on a web page updated incrementally as soon as a new image is available. New challenges relate to data management and processing load. We address them through methodological improvements dedicated to optimizing the InSAR pair selection. The proposed algorithm narrows the classical selection based on the shortest temporal and spatial baselines thanks to a coherence proxy and balances the use of each image as Primary and Secondary images thanks to graph theory methods. We apply the processing to three volcanic areas characterized with different climate, vegetation, and deformation characteristics: the Virunga Volcanic Province (DR Congo), the Reunion Island (France), and the Domuyo and Laguna del Maule area (Chile‐Argentina border). Compared to pair selection based solely on baseline criteria, this new tool produces similar velocity maps while reducing the total number of computed differential InSAR interferograms by up to 75%, which drastically reduces the computation time. The optimization also allows to reduce the influence of DEM errors and atmospheric phase screen, which increase the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the inverted displacement time series.
Climatology of Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Residual Circulations and Mesopause Height Derived From SABER Observations
Authors: Wang Ningchao , Qian Liying , Yue Jia , Wang Wenbin , Mlynczak Martin G. , Russell James M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region, residual circulations driven by gravity wave breaking and dissipation significantly impact constituent distribution and the height and temperature of the mesopause. The distribution of CO2 can be used as a proxy for the residual circulations. Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) CO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) and temperature measurements from 2003 to 2020 are used to study the monthly climatology of MLT residual circulations and the mesopause height. Our analyses show that (a) mesopause height strongly correlates with the CO2 VMR vertical gradient during solstices; (b) mesopause height has a discontinuity at midlatitude in the summer hemisphere, with a lower mesopause height at mid‐to‐high latitudes as a result of adiabatic cooling driven by strong adiabatic upwelling; (c) the residual circulations have strong seasonal variations at mid‐to‐high latitudes, but they are more uniform at low latitudes; and (d) the interannual variability of the residual circulations and mesopause height is larger in the Southern Hemisphere (SH; 4–5 km) than in the Northern Hemisphere (NH; 0.5–1 km).
Tectonic and Orbital Imprints in the Redox History of Japan Sea Since the Pliocene
Authors: Zhao Debo , Wan Shiming , Zhai Lina , Shi Xuefa , Li Anchun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOxygen content in the deep ocean plays a vital role in biogeochemical processes and has significant impacts on the global carbon cycle. The Japan Sea is a semiclosed basin with only shallow water connection to the Western North Pacific, and its redox history has been sensitively affected by tectonic and climatic changes in the past. Studies of paleo‐redox changes in the Japan Sea focused on the tectonic and orbital scales since the Pliocene remain scarce to date. Here, we present two high‐resolution paleo‐redox records during the last 4 Ma at IODP Sites U1425 and U1430 drilled in the Japan Sea. Our authigenic U (uranium) and U/Al records suggest remarkable changes of Japan Sea redox history from relatively oxic to periodic oxic‐anoxic conditions at ∼1.7 Ma. This was mainly caused by the restricted input of North Pacific oxygen‐rich water due to the uplift of northeastern Japan during late Pliocene and early Pleistocene, and opening of the Tsushima Strait and the periodic intrusion of Tsushima Warm Current following sea level change during glacial‐interglacial cycles since ∼1.7 Ma. Orbital changes of Japan Sea redox history suggest the existence of a long eccentricity cycle of 400 ka associated with East Asian summer monsoon rainfall evolution throughout the last 4 Ma. Changes of the amplitude of sea level and inflow of Tsushima Warm Current combined with the East Asian monsoon evolution produced eccentricity and obliquity cycles in Japan Sea redox environment after ∼1.7 Ma, as well as a transition from relatively oxic to anoxic conditions during glacials before and after Middle Pleistocene Transition.
Extraction of P Wave From Ambient Seafloor Noise Observed by Distributed Acoustic Sensing
Authors: Tonegawa T. , Araki E. , Matsumoto H. , Kimura T. , Obana K. , Fujie G. , Arai R. , Shiraishi K. , Nakano M. , Nakamura Y. , Yokobiki T. , Kodaira S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeismic wave extractions have been performed using ambient noise records observed by distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology. Extractions of microseisms can be investigated at a local scale using such DAS records observed in the ocean. Here, we show P and Scholte wave extractions from ambient seafloor noise observed by DAS along a submarine cable deployed off Cape Muroto in the Nankai subduction zone, Japan. The P waves can be observed at a frequency band of 0.1–0.3 Hz and up to a distance of 8 km. The distance at which the P waves can be observed is controlled by the P incident angle and the DAS sensitivity to the observable apparent velocity. Effective extractions of P and Scholte waves, corresponding to large intensity of wave‐wave interaction at the sea surface, are performed, indicating that the waves are originated from pressure field at the sea surface.
Exercise in advanced prostate cancer elevates myokine levels and suppresses in-vitro cell growth
Authors: Kim Jin-Soo , Taaffe Dennis R. , Galvão Daniel A. , Hart Nicolas H. , Gray Elin , Ryan Charles J. , Kenfield Stacey A. , Saad Fred , Newton Robert U. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Altering the systemic milieu through exercise has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying exercise-driven tumour suppression. It is not yet known whether men with advanced prostate cancer can elicit such adaptations following a program of exercise. The purpose is to examine myokine levels of serum acquired from metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients recruited to the INTERVAL-GAP4 trial before and after 6 months of exercise and its tumour-suppressive effect.

Methods
Twenty-five men with mCRPC (age = 74.7 ± 7.1 yrs) were randomised to supervised multimodal (aerobic and resistance) exercise (EX) or self-directed exercise control group (CON). Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and fasting blood in a rested state was collected at baseline and at 6 months. Serum levels of myokines (SPARC, OSM, decorin, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3) were measured. Serum was applied to the prostate cancer cell line DU145, and growth was assessed for 72 h.

Results
No significant change in body composition was observed. Adjusted serum OSM (P = 0.050) and relative OSM (P = 0.083), serum SPARC (P = 0.022) and relative SPARC (P = 0.025) increased in EX compared to CON. The area under curve (AUC) over 72 h showed a significant reduction in DU145 growth after applying post-intervention serum from the EX vs CON (P = 0.029).

Conclusion
Elevated myokine expressions and greater tumour-suppressive effects of serum after 6 months of periodised and autoregulated supervised exercise was observed in men with mCRPC. Exercise-induced systemic changes may slow disease progression in men with advanced prostate cancer.
Cubic MnV2O4 fabricated through a facile sol–gel process as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries: morphology and performance evolution
Authors: Wen Ni , Chen Siyuan , Lu Qiuchen , Fan Qinghua , Kuang Quan , Dong Youzhong , Zhao Yanming 
Published: February 2022

Cubic MnV2O4 is fabricated by a facile sol–gel process, which shows excellent lithium storage performance. Furthermore, we systematically studied the electrochemical kinetics characteristics and morphology evolution of the MnV2O4 electrode.
A microporous anionic metal–organic framework for aqueous encapsulation and highly reversible sensitization of light-emitting Tb3+ ions
Authors: Jin J. C. , Liu X. Y. , Yang G. P. , Hou L. , Wang Y. Y. 
Published: February 2022

An anionic porous material can serve as both a host and an antenna for protecting and sensitizing extra-framework light-emitting Eu3+/Tb3+ ions. The Tb3+ uptake and release is a reversible process and the cationic Tb3+ can be gradually released.
Metal-free synthesis of β-aminoketones by the reductive hydroamination of ynones
Authors: Fu Rui , Liu Yu , Wu Tao , Zhang Xinyu , Zhu Yang , Luo Jiangbin , Zhang Zhengyu , Jiang Yaojia 
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a cascade method for the synthesis of β-aminoketones through the reductive hydroamination of alkynes under metal-free conditions. This process can be applied to synthesis of drug molecules including Proroxan and Propipocaine.
Reduction of satellite images size in 5G networks using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Moorthy Talari Venkata Krishna , Budati Anil Kumar , Kautish Sandeep , Goyal S.B. , Prasad Kolalapudi Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe high data volume of multispectral satellite images is compressed for better visual perception without loss of image and statistical properties of the local or global image to provide superior information for obtaining effective results using 5G networks. This compression is a technique applied to remote sensing applications to analyse the data for prediction or forecasting the real‐time applications by remote sensing applications like IoT and data transmission over 5G wireless networks. The extensive data images have multiple bands, which contain earth surface/object information with various frequencies. It is difficult to handle this extensive data for processing data. The compression is mandatory to avoid this complexity by removing redundancy data, unnecessary pixel information and non‐visual redundancy data between bands. There are various standard compression techniques are available like JPEG 2000, Wavelet and DCT methods. The proposed method is implemented with a combination of intra coding and machine learning algorithm. The standard compression technique does not give better results due to degradation of pixels, lack of spatial and spectral information. This paper enriches progressive results by reduced satellite images for transmission of data in IoT and 5G wireless networks, in which qualitative results are compared by standard compression technique with suitable parameters.
Forecasting thermal parameters for ultra‐high voltage transformers using long‐ and short‐term time‐series network with conditional mutual information
Authors: Lin Weiqing , Miao Xiren , Chen Jing , Xiao Sa , Lu Yanzhen , Jiang Hao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrecise forecasting of the thermal parameters is a critical factor for the safe operation and fault incipient warning of the ultra‐high voltage (UHV) transformers. In this work, a novel multi‐step forecasting method based on the long‐ and short‐term time‐series network (LSTNet) with the conditional mutual information (CMI) is proposed for the UHV transformer. To improve the computational efficiency and eliminate the redundancy, the CMI‐based feature selection algorithm is applied to analyse the correlation between the original monitoring parameters and construct the optimal feature subset. LSTNet, which is composed of a convolutional layer, recurrent layer and recurrent‐skip layer, is utilized to capture both the short‐term nonlinear characteristics and the long‐term periodic characteristics. The LSTNet model is established to forecast the variation tendency of the oil and winding temperatures for different locations in the UHV transformer. The results show that the proposed method significantly enhances the accuracy in both one‐step and multi‐step thermal parameters forecasting and achieves better performance in terms of the RMSE and MAE compared with other existing methods.