bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of intravenous administration of peripheral blood‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells after infusion of lipopolysaccharide in horses
Authors: Taylor Sandra D. , Serpa Priscila B. S. , Santos Andrea P. , Hart Kelsey A. , Vaughn Sarah A. , Moore George E. , Mukhopadhyay Abhijit , Page Allen E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA systemic and dysregulated immune response to infection contributes to morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis. Peripheral blood‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (PB‐MSC) mitigate inflammation in animal models of sepsis. Allogeneic PB‐MSC administered IV to horses is well‐tolerated but therapeutic benefits are unknown.HypothesisAfter IV lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion, horses treated with PB‐MSC would have less severe clinical signs, clinicopathological abnormalities, inflammatory cytokine gene expression, and oxidative stress compared to controls administered a placebo.AnimalsSixteen horses were included in this study.MethodsA randomized placebo‐controlled experimental trial was performed. Sixteen healthy horses were assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups (1 × 109 PB‐MSC or saline placebo). Treatments were administered 30 minutes after completion of LPS infusion of approximately 30 ng/kg. Clinical signs, clinicopathological variables, inflammatory cytokine gene expression, and oxidative stress markers were assessed at various time points over a 24‐hour period.ResultsA predictable response to IV LPS infusion was observed in all horses. At the dose administered, there was no significant effect of PB‐MSC on clinical signs, clinicopathological variables, or inflammatory cytokine gene expression at any time point. Antioxidant potential was not different between treatment groups, but intracellular ROS increased over time in the placebo group. Other variables that changed over time were likely due to effects of IV LPS infusion.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAdministration of allogeneic PB‐MSC did not cause clinically detectable adverse effects in healthy horses. The dose of PB‐MSC used here is unlikely to exert a beneficial effect in endotoxemic horses.
Pseudomonas aeruginosasusceptibility, antibiogram and clinical interpretation, and antimicrobial prescribing behaviors for dogs with otitis in the Midwestern United States
Authors: KuKanich Kate S. , Bagladi‐Swanson Mary , KuKanich Butch 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa) can cause otitis in dogs that is nonresponsive to empirical therapy. This study evaluatedP. aeruginosaisolates (N = 216) from canine ear swabs submitted to the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from 2018–2020 to create an antibiogram and minimum inhibitory concentration distributions using Clinical Laboratory Standards Institutes breakpoints. Multidrug resistance was defined as non‐susceptibility to ≥1 drug from ≥3 antimicrobial classes. Submitting veterinarians (N = 83) were invited to complete a survey about antimicrobial use and otitis management. Susceptibility was higher for aminoglycosides [gentamicin (82%, 177/216) and amikacin (81%, 175/216)] than fluoroquinolones [marbofloxacin (67%, 145/216), enrofloxacin (32%, 70/216), and orbifloxacin (18%, 39/216)]. Most responding veterinarians (54%, 15/28) prescribe topical aminoglycosides as first‐line therapy for canine otitis, but 71% (15/21) prescribe fluoroquinolones if rods are seen cytologically. Ceftazidime, imipenem, and piperacillin‐tazobactam showed high susceptibility and are used rarely. Multidrug resistance was present in 13% (28/216) of isolates. Based on in vitro susceptibility, topical aminoglycosides might be more effective than fluoroquinolones forP. aeruginosaotitis, but efficacy studies are required. Susceptibility testing is encouraged for cases not responding to empirical therapy but has limitations because topical preparations have high concentrations and otic breakpoints are not available.
Apparent digestibility coefficients of selected protein ingredients for juvenile Totoaba macdonaldi
Authors: Madrid Jorge , Pohlenz Camilo , Viana María Teresa , Lazo Juan Pablo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTwo feeding trials were performed to evaluate the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, protein, and amino acids of three animal‐origin and four plant‐origin ingredients in Totoaba macdonaldi. In the first feeding trial, the animal‐origin ingredients were evaluated using totoaba juveniles with an initial weight of 529.7 ± 104.2 g, and for the second feeding trial 745.9 ± 210.6 g. Evaluated ingredients were: poultry by‐product meal, meat and bone meal, feather meal (FM), soy protein concentrate, soybean meal (SBM), corn gluten (CG), and wheat gluten (WG). Each experimental ingredient was evaluated in triplicate. ADCs of dry matter ranged from 35.9% for FM to 67.9% for poultry by‐product, while the protein ADCs values ranged from 41.7% for CG to 83.2% for poultry by‐product. Fish meal ADC (79.6%) was similar to poultry by‐product but significantly higher than WG and soy protein concentrate (72.5% and 72.6%, respectively). The ADCs for lysine were significantly higher for WG, sardine meal, poultry by‐product, and SMB (94.5%, 79.8%, 79.4%, and 79.4%, respectively). Based on the results from the present study, poultry by‐product, WG, and soy protein concentrate are the most promising alternative ingredients (i.e., to the fishmeal) for the formulation of totoaba grow‐out feeds.
Traits and tradeoffs among non‐native ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts affect pine seedling establishment in a Hawaiian coinvasion landscape
Authors: Thompson Leah , Swift Sean O. I. , Egan Cameron P. , Yogi Danyel , Chapin Thomas , Hynson Nicole A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPine invasions lead to losses of native biodiversity and ecosystem function, but pine invasion success is often linked to coinvading non‐native ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. How the community composition, traits, and distributions of these fungi vary over the landscape and how this affects pine success is understudied. A greenhouse bioassay experiment was performed to test the effects of changes in EM fungal community structure from a pine plantation, to an invasion front to currently pine‐free areas on percent root colonization and seedling biomass. Soils were also analysed by qPCR to determine changes in inoculum and spore density over distance for a common coinvading EM fungus, Suillus pungens. Percent colonization increased with distance from the plantation, which corresponded with an increase in seedling biomass and stark changes in EM fungal community membership where Suillus spp. dominated currently pine‐free areas. However, there was a negative relationship between S. pungens inoculum potential versus root colonization over distance. We conclude that the success of pine invasions is facilitated by specific traits of Suillus spp., but that the success of Suillus is contingent on a lack of competition with other ectomycorrhizal fungi.
AlkB RNA demethylase homologues and N6‐methyladenosine are involved in Potyvirus infection
Authors: Yue Jianying , Wei Yao , Sun Zhenqi , Chen Yahan , Wei Xuefeng , Wang Haijuan , Pasin Fabio , Zhao Mingmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProteins of the alkylation B (AlkB) superfamily show RNA demethylase activity removing methyl adducts from N6‐methyladenosine (m6A). m6A is a reversible epigenetic mark of RNA that regulates human virus replication but has unclear roles in plant virus infection. We focused on Potyvirus—the largest genus of plant RNA viruses—and report here the identification of AlkB domains within P1 of endive necrotic mosaic virus (ENMV) and an additional virus of a putative novel species within Potyvirus. We show that Nicotiana benthamiana m6A levels are reduced by infection of plum pox virus (PPV) and potato virus Y (PVY). The two potyviruses lack AlkB and the results suggest a general involvement of RNA methylation in potyvirus infection and evolution. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing of virus‐infected samples showed that m6A peaks are enriched in plant transcript 3′ untranslated regions and in discrete internal and 3′ terminal regions of PPV and PVY genomes. Down‐regulation of N. benthamiana AlkB homologues of the plant‐specific ALKBH9 clade caused a significant decrease in PPV and PVY accumulation. In summary, our study provides evolutionary and experimental evidence that supports the m6A implication and the proviral roles of AlkB homologues in Potyvirus infection.
A novel maize microRNA negatively regulates resistance to Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Xu Yufang , Wang Renjie , Ma Peipei , Cao Jiansheng , Cao Yan , Zhou Zijian , Li Tao , Wu Jianyu , Zhang Huiyong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the defence response against multiple pathogenic fungi in diverse plant species, few efforts have been devoted to deciphering the involvement of miRNA in resistance to Fusarium verticillioides, a major pathogenic fungus affecting maize production. In this study, we discovered a novel F. verticillioides‐responsive miRNA designated zma‐unmiR4 in maize kernels. The expression of zma‐unmiR4 was significantly repressed in the resistant maize line but induced in the susceptible lines upon exposure to F. verticillioides exposure, whereas its target gene ZmGA2ox4 exhibited the opposite pattern of expression. Heterologous overexpression of zma‐unmiR4 in Arabidopsis resulted in enhanced growth and compromised resistance to F. verticillioides. By contrast, transgenic plants overexpressing ZmGA2ox4 or the homologue AtGA2ox7 showed impaired growth and enhanced resistance to F. verticillioides. Moreover, zma‐unmiR4‐mediated suppression of AtGA2ox7 disturbed the accumulation of bioactive gibberellin (GA) in transgenic plants and perturbed the expression of a set of defence‐related genes in response to F. verticillioides. Exogenous application of GA or a GA biosynthesis inhibitor modulated F. verticillioides resistance in different plants. Taken together, our results suggest that the zma‐unmiR4–ZmGA2ox4 module might act as a major player in balancing growth and resistance to F. verticillioides in maize.
Post‐operative colonic manometry in children with anorectal malformations: A systematic review
Authors: Evans‐Barns Hannah M. E. , Tien Melissa Y. , Trajanovska Misel , Safe Mark , Hutson John M. , Dinning Phil G. , King Sebastian K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren with anorectal malformations may experience constipation and fecal incontinence following repair. The contribution of altered anorectal function to these persistent symptoms is relatively intuitive; however, colonic motility in this cohort is less well understood. Manometry may be used to directly assess colonic motility.PurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the available evidence regarding post‐operative colonic motility in children with anorectal malformations and evaluate the reported equipment and protocols used to perform colonic manometry in this cohort. This systematic review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA). We conducted a systematic review of four databases: Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library (1st January 1985–22nd July 2021). Studies reporting colonic manometry performed in children following anorectal malformation repair were assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted independently by two authors. Four studies were eligible for inclusion. Of the combined total cohort of 151 children, post‐operative colonic manometry was conducted in 35. Insufficient reporting of medical characteristics, bowel function, and manometric outcomes restricted comparison between studies, and limited clinical applicability. No results from high‐resolution colonic manometry were identified. Despite the prevalence of post‐operative bowel dysfunction in children with repaired anorectal malformations, this systematic review highlighted the markedly limited evidence regarding post‐operative colonic motility. This cohort may benefit from assessment with high‐resolution techniques; however, future work must emphasize adherence to standardized manometry protocols, and include robust reporting of surgical characteristics, bowel function, and manometric outcomes.
Comparison of skeletal and dental effects of two different tooth‐tissue–borne types of rapid maxillary expansion appliances: A CBCT retrospective study
Authors: Karaman Ahmet , Danisman Hikmetnur , Genc Esra , Buyuk S. Kutalmış 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the skeletal and dental effects of different types of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials/MethodsThis multi‐centre study was conducted with a total of 56 patients. The sample consisted of two groups including the McNamara‐Type RME (MNR) group with 30 patients (16 females, 14 males, mean age: 13.38 ± 1.16 years) and Full‐Coverage RME (FCR) group with 26 patients (10 females, 16 males, mean age:13.78 ± 1.06 years). Twenty‐one parameters were measured on CBCT images including 4 maxillary skeletal, 12 maxillary alveolar, and 5 maxillary dental measurements, and the data were analysed using the SPSS 20.0 software.ResultsThe rates of increase in the palatal maxillary width (PMW) (3), PMW(4), and PMW(6) were significantly higher in the MNR group (P < .05). While the rates of increase in the buccal maxillary width (BMW) (3) and BMW(4) were statistically higher in the MNR group, the rate of increase in BMW (6) was higher in the FCR group (P < .05). The increases in HPW (4), HPW (6), PAA4(°), and PAA6(°), which are parameters about hard palate width (HPW) and palatal alveolar angle (PAA), were also significantly higher in the MNR group (P < .05). The increases in PAW (4) and PAW (6), referring to the widths between the palatal root apices were significantly higher in the MNR group (P < .05).The increase in Slope‐6(°) was also higher in the MNR group (P < .05).ConclusionExpansion in the palatal region on the alveolar level was higher in MNR than in FCR, while expansion in FCR was the highest in the posterior. In both appliances, there was tipping in the buccal direction in both alveolar bone and teeth, and the rate of this tipping was higher in MNR.
The Temporal Impact of Prosthesis Implantation and Semi‐Quantitative Criteria on the Diagnostic Efficacy of Triple‐Phase Bone Scanning for Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Zhang Feiyang , Shen Chentian , Yu Jinlong , Chen Xiaohua , Wang Qiaojie , Sun Zhenkui , Shen Hao 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of triple‐phase bone scanning and the temporal impact of prosthesis implantation on the diagnostic efficacy of triple‐phase bone scanning for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).MethodsPatients who were admitted to our hospital for joint pain and dysfunction after total joint arthroplasty between 2014 and 2020 were retrospectively included. Triple‐phase bone scanning was performed, and the blood pool images were evaluated to obtain the semi‐quantitative criteria. The patients were then grouped into six groups according to the time interval from index primary arthroplasty to triple‐phase bone scanning. We examined whether there were significant differences in sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy between the groups.ResultsOverall, 66 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 74 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were analyzed. No significant differences were observed between visual analysis and semi‐quantitative measurement in terms of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy. For patients with a time interval from prosthesis implantation to bone scanning of >1 year, visual analysis had a higher PPV (100%) in patients who underwent THA and the use of semi‐quantitative criteria had a higher NPV (85.7%) in patients who underwent TKA.ConclusionThe semi‐quantitative criteria showed no advantages in the diagnosis of PJI. In addition, triple‐phase bone scanning demonstrated good clinical diagnostic efficacy when the time interval from prosthesis implantation to bone scanning was >1 year.
The Increased Tibiofemoral Rotation: A Potential Contributing Factor for Patellar Maltracking in Patients with Recurrent Patellar Dislocation
Authors: Wu Guan , Cao YanWei , Song GuanYang , Li Yue , Zheng Tong , Zhang Hui , Zhang ZhiJun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between tibiofemoral rotation and patellar maltracking in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.MethodsA total of 143 consecutive knees (118 patients) with clinically diagnosed recurrent patellar dislocation from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patellar tilt angle and bisect offset index were recorded on axial CT to assesses the severity of patellar maltracking. Tibiofemoral rotation angle is measured by comparing the angle between the posterior femoral and tibial condylar lines on three‐dimensional CT. The Pearson correlation was calculated to investigate the association between tibiofemoral rotation angle and patellar maltracking. Patients were divided into the rotation group (≥15°) and control group (<15°) based on the value of tibiofemoral rotation and a further comparison was performed. To further clarify the complicated relationship among tibial tubercle‐trochlear groove (TT‐TG), tibial tubercle‐posterior cruciate ligament distance (TT‐PCL), tibiofemoral rotation, and patellar maltracking, patients were divided into four subgroups according to the value of TT‐TG and TT‐PCL.ResultsThe mean preoperative tibiofemoral rotation angle was 12° ± 6° (range, 0°–31°). Pearson correlation between patellar maltracking parameters (bisect offset index, patellar tilt angle) and various bony deformities found that the tibiofemoral rotation angle was moderately correlated with bisect offset index (r = 0.451, p < 0.001) and patellar tilt angle (r = 0.462, p < 0.001). Further results demonstrated that bisect offset index (152.1 vs 121.2, p < 0.001) and patellar tilt angle (41.2° vs 33.5°, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the rotation group than that in control group. For patients with a TT‐TG distance of >20 mm, the increased TT‐TG distance was mainly caused by tibiofemoral rotation angle in group C (TT‐TG > 20 mm, TT‐PCL < 24 mm) and predominantly induced by tibial tubercle lateralization in group D (TT‐TG > 20 mm, TT‐PCL > 24 mm). Bisect offset index and patellar tilt angle were significantly higher in the group C than group D.ConclusionThe increased tibiofemoral rotation angle is associated with patellar maltracking in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation. Patients with increased tibiofemoral rotation angle usually have more severe patellar maltracking.
Understanding immunological origins of atopic dermatitis through multi‐omic analysis
Authors: Beheshti Ramin , Halstead Scott , McKeone Daniel , Hicks Steven D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) is multifactorial, impacted by individual medical, demographic, environmental, and immunologic factors. This study used multi‐omic analyses to assess how host and microbial factors could contribute to infant AD development.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study included 129 term infants, identified as AD (n = 37) or non‐AD (n = 92) using the Infant Feeding Practices‐II survey and review of medical records. Standardized surveys were used to assess medical and demographic traits (gestational age, sex, race, maternal AD, and atopy family history), and environmental exposures (delivery method, maternal tobacco use, pets, breastfeeding duration, and timing of solid food introduction). Saliva was collected at 6 months for multi‐omic assessment of cytokines, microRNAs, mRNAs, and the microbiome. The contribution of each factor to AD status was assessed with logistic regression.ResultsMedical, demographic, and environmental factors did not differ between AD and non‐AD infants. Five “omic” factors (IL‐8/IL‐6, miR‐375‐3p, miR‐21‐5p, bacterial diversity, and Proteobacteria) differed between groups (p < .05). The severity of AD was positively associated with levels of miR‐375‐3p (R = .17, p = .049) and Proteobacteria (R = .22, p = .011), and negatively associated with levels of miR‐21‐5p (R = .20, p = .022). Multi‐omic features accounted for 17% of variance between groups, significantly improving an AD risk model employing medical, demographic, and environmental factors (X2 = 32.47, p = .006).ConclusionInteractions between the microbiome and host signaling may predispose certain infants to AD by promoting a pro‐inflammatory environment.
How Do Public Managers Learn from Performance Information? Experimental Evidence on Problem Focus, Innovative Search, and Change
Authors: Hansen Jesper Asring , Nielsen Poul Aaes 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Management decisions are considered important for the performance of public organizations, but how does information about performance influence management decision‐making? Developed from Simon's notion of bounded rationality, the behavioral model of performance‐based learning suggests that managers adjust their understanding of organizational problems, search for information, and consider initiating change when their organization performs below aspirations. In this paper, we offer experimental evidence of how performance information affects the attitudes and decision‐making of public managers. We leverage two experiments conducted among managers in public education. Study 1 uses a question‐order experiment to prime only treated respondents to consider performance, whereas study 2 uses treatments with high‐ and low‐performance signals. We find that low performance affects problem focus but not managers' intention to conduct innovative search. We also find that low‐performance signals increase preferences for immediate performance‐oriented changes but not for other types of changes. We discuss the implications for management decision‐making.
Evidence for Practice

Performance information holds the potential to generate organizational learning and inform public managers' decisions about important problems, priorities, and organizational change.
Public managers become more focused on direct performance‐oriented changes when performance is low, whereas high performance lets them engage in other types of changes.
Performance information alone does not ensure that public managers are focused on generating innovative solutions to performance problems.