bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The responsiveness of muscle strength tests in adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Weterings S. , Oppewal A. , Bierma‐Zeinstra S. M. A. , Hilgenkamp T. I. M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMuscle strength is both a strong predictor for future negative health outcomes and a prerequisite for physical fitness and daily functioning of adults with ID. Therefore, it is important to be able to monitor the muscle strength of adults with ID over time. The aim of this study is to assess the responsiveness of five field tests that measure muscle strength and endurance (grip strength, hand‐held dynamometry of leg extension and arm flexion, 10RM‐test of the seated squat and the biceps curl, 30‐s chair stand and the 5‐times Chair stand) in adults with ID after a 24‐week resistance‐exercise training (RT) programme.MethodThe responsiveness of the five muscle strength and endurance tests was assessed by correlating the change scores of the five tests with the slope of the training progression of specific exercises within the RT‐programme, namely, the step up, seated squat, biceps curl and triceps curl.ResultsThe 10RM‐test of the seated squat was significantly correlated with the step up (R = 0.53, P = 0.02) and the seated squat (R = 0.70 P = 0.00). None of change scores on the other tests was significantly correlated with the training progression of the exercises.ConclusionThe 10RM test of the seated squat could potentially be used to evaluate the effects of an RT‐programme in adults with ID. Responsiveness of the grip strength, hand held dynamometry, 10RM‐test of the biceps curl, 30‐s chair stand and the 5‐times chair stand could not yet be confirmed.
The clinical features and management of Lynch syndrome‐associated ovarian cancer
Authors: Ran Xuting , Jing Huining , Li Zhengyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimLynch syndrome (LS) is one of the most common hereditary cancer syndromes, characterized by mutations in mismatch repair genes and autosomal dominant inheritance. Women with LS have an additional increased risk of gynecologic malignancies, including endometrial cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC). Compared with EC, OC is relatively under investigation. This review thoroughly summarizes the current clinical evidence of surveillance, screening, and prevention strategies, and describes the molecular and clinical characteristics of LS‐associated OC.MethodsAn electronic search from databases of PubMed and Google Scholar was carried out using key words pertaining to Lynch syndrome and ovarian cancer. A review of the literatures including review articles, experimental, and observational studies published between 2000 and 2021 was conducted.ResultsThe lifetime risk of OC in women with LS of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 mutations is approximately 7%, with the median age at onset being 46 years, 10–15 years earlier than that in sporadic cases. Histologically, LS‐associated OCs are primarily endometrioid (40%), high‐grade (25%), and low‐grade (11%) serous, or clear cell (6%) in nature. Eighty‐five percent of patients are diagnosed at an early stage, presenting with a good prognosis at 84% 5‐year survival. Optimal screening strategies for OC in LS are controversial; combined screening of patients' clinical and family history, immunohistochemical analysis, and microsatellite instability testing for mismatch repair deficiency have been proven efficient.ConclusionThe clinical features were different between ovarian cancer in Lynch syndrome and sporadic cases. More research are needed for a greater understanding of the prevention and medical treatment of LS‐associated OC.
The macrofaunal metropolis in the sediments around the first‐ever deep‐sea alligator fall
Authors: Bryant Sara River Dixon , Nunnally Clifton , Hanks Granger , McClain Craig R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe maintenance of high diversity in deep‐sea sediments is often hypothesized to be a result of heterogeneity in disturbance and carbon availability creating long‐lived patches of unique communities. Deep‐sea food falls are known to contribute to this patchiness, influencing the beta‐diversity of soft‐bottom communities through varying effects of enrichment and disturbance. Previous food fall work has centered on large (>1000 kg, e.g., whales) or small (0–10 kg, e.g., kelp, fish, wood) food parcels, leading to the hypothesis that only the largest persist long enough to impact sediment communities. The effect of intermediately sized (10–1000 kg) carcasses on sediment macrofauna communities remains poorly understood. Here, we deployed an individual Alligator mississippiensis carcass (19.5 kg) as organic enrichment to an otherwise food‐poor landscape at 2034 m in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Sediment cores collected at three distances from the alligator fall following decomposition were used to describe changes in macrofauna abundance and alpha‐ and beta‐diversity. We found that the carcass enriched nearby sediments with up to three times more carbon than background sediments. This carbon enrichment near the carcass did not influence species richness but did correlate with higher abundance and a suite of species unique from background communities. Our findings suggest that the food fall size threshold above which enrichment of local sediments occurs may be lower than previously thought, as we demonstrate that an intermediately sized (19.5 kg) food fall can contribute carbon and promote beta‐ and thus gamma‐ diversity of the infaunal benthos.
Individual Differences in Dealing With Classroom Noise Disturbances
Authors: Massonnié Jessica , Mareschal Denis , Kirkham Natasha Z. 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTClassrooms are noisy: when children are engaged in solo work, they also hear background babble, noise from outdoor, and people moving around. Few studies investigating the effects of noise on academic tasks use naturalistic stimuli. Questions also remain regarding why some children are more impaired by noise than others. This study compared primary school children's performance at three academic tasks (text recall, reading comprehension, mathematics) in silence, and while hearing irrelevant verbal noise (storytelling, n = 33) or mixed noise (outdoor noise, movement, babble, n = 31). We found that noise does not impair overall performance. Children might use compensatory strategies (e.g., re‐reading) to reach the same level of performance in silence and noise. Individual differences in selective attention and working memory were not related to the impact of noise, with one exception: children with lower working memory were more impaired by noise when doing mathematics. Replication on a larger sample is needed.
One of many roads to industry 4.0? Technology, policy, organisational adaptation and worker experience in ‘Third Italy’ SMEs
Authors: Da Roit Barbara , Iannuzzi Francesco E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIndustry 4.0 (I4.0) is a technological framework and policy programme that emerged in Germany in the 2010s, promising to revitalise manufacturing and revalue work by means of intelligent productive systems. The paradigm's cross‐national diffusion raises questions about its context‐dependent adaptation. This article focuses on the Italian I4.0 programme and its implementation among medium‐sized manufacturing companies in the country's Veneto region. It analyses Italian policy and company strategies through the perceptions and experiences of managers, unionists and workers. The research highlights how a system dominated by small and medium enterprises (SMEs)—one with limited technological investment and without a coordinated system of industrial relations—reshaped the I4.0 policy goals, technological developments and work outcomes. The results show how the features of the productive context are associated with a far less ambitious I4.0 plan, the limited and selective adoption of technology at the level of firms, and modest top‐down organisational changes that do not fulfil the promises of the project.
The Permissive Safe Angle of the Tibial Tunnel in Transtibial Posterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Three‐Dimensional Simulation Study
Authors: Teng Yuanjun , Jia Gengxin , Da Lijun , Peng Bo , Liu Zhongcheng , Han Hua , Wu Meng , Xia Yayi 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the permissive safe angle (PSA) of the tibial tunnel in transtibial posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction based on a three‐dimensional (3D) simulation study.MethodsThis was a computer simulation study of transtibial PCL reconstruction using 3D knee models. CT images of 90 normal knee joints from 2017 to 2020 were collected in this study, and 3D knee models were established based on CT data. The tunnel approaches were subdivided into the anterior 1/3 of the anteromedial tibia (T1), middle 1/2 of the anteromedial tibia (T2), the tibial crest (T3), anterior 1/3 of the anterolateral tibia (T4), middle 1/2 of the anterolateral tibia (T5). Five tibial tunnels (T1–T5) were simulated on the 3D knee models. The PSAs, in different tibial tunnel approaches were measured, and subgroup analyses of sex, age and height were also carried out.ResultsThe mean PSAs of the tibial tunnels with 5 different approaches (T1–T5) were 58.49° ± 6.82°, 61.14° ± 6.69°, 56.12° ± 7.53°, 52.01° ± 8.89° and 49.90° ± 10.53°, respectively. The differences of the mean PSAs between the anteromedial and anterolateral approaches were significant (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference of the mean PSA value between the two anteromedial tibial tunnel approaches (T1–T2) (P > 0.05), as well as between the two anterolateral tibial tunnel approaches (T4–T5). The patient's anthropomorphic characteristics of sex, age, and height were not associated with the PSAs.ConclusionsThe PSA varied with the anteromedial, tibial crest and anterolateral approaches for transtibial PCL reconstruction, and surgeons should limit the PCL drill guide by referring to the specific PSA for different surgical approaches.
Comparing the Bridge‐Type Zero‐Profile Anchored Spacer (ROI‐C) Interbody Fusion Cage System and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) with Plating and Cage System in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: He Shuangjun , Zhou Zhangzhe , Shao Xiaofeng , Zhou Lijian , Zhang Changhao , Zhou Xinfeng , Wu Shuhua , Chen Kangwu , Wang Yaowei , Qian Zhonglai 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy and radioactivity of the bridge‐type zero‐profile anchored spacer (ROI‐C) interbody fusion cage and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with plating and cage system (ACDF) for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).MethodsThis is a retrospective contrastive study. We recruited 35 patients who received ROI‐C (ROI‐C group) and 34 patients who received ACDF (ACDF group), between January 2014 to January 2019, at our treatment center. The ROI‐C group comprised of 11 males and 24 females with a mean age of 61.59 ± 8.21 years (range, 51–71 years). The ACDF group comprised of 12 males and 22 females with a mean age of 60.15 ± 7.52 years (range, 52–74 years). Neck Disability Index (NDI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association score (JOA), Odom's score, cervical Cobb angle, fusion rate, adjoining ossification, and dysphagia.ResultsA total of 69 patients met the inclusion criteria, and these patients received more than two years of follow‐up. There were significant differences in surgical duration (101 ± 22 min vs. 118 ± 29 min) and blood loss (102 ± 46 ml vs. 145 ± 58 ml) between two groups (P < 0.05). The JOA and NDI of these two groups of patients significantly improved, when compared with those before the operation (P < 0.05). Twenty‐nine of 35 patients in the ROI‐C group and 27 of 34 patients in ACDF group achieved good or excellent outcomes according to Odom's criteria. The cervical lordosis of both two groups significantly increased, when compared with those before the operation (P < 0.05). In the ROI‐C group, the postoperative fusion rate was 85.7% at the 3‐month follow‐up and 100% at the final follow‐up. In the ACDF group, the postoperative fusion rate was 82.4% at the 3‐month follow‐up and 100% at the final follow‐up. The dysphagia incidence of the ACDF group was higher than that of the ROI‐C group postoperatively and at the one month after surgery (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was found in the incidence of dysphagia at final follow‐up (P > 0.05).ConclusionBoth ROI‐C and ACDF achieved good therapeutic effects. However, ROI‐C can reduce the operation time and postoperative complications.
Whether Anterolateral Single Rod Can Maintain the Surgical Outcomes Following Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Double‐Segment Disc Disease
Authors: Zhao Long , Xie Tianhang , Wang Xiandi , Yang Zhiqiang , Pu Xingxiao , Zeng Jiancheng 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes of oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) combined with anterolateral single‐rod screw fixation (AF) in treating two‐segment lumbar degenerative disc disease (LDDD) and to determine whether AF can maintain the surgical results.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent OLIF combined with AF (OLIF‐AF) for LDDD at the L3‐5 levels between October 2017 and May 2018. A total of 84 patients, including 44 males and 40 females, with a mean age of 62.8 ± 6.8 years, who completed the 12‐month follow‐up were eventually enrolled. Clinical outcomes, including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analog scale (VAS) score for the low back and leg, and radiographic parameters, including the cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the spinal canal, disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH), degree of upper vertebral slippage (DUVS), segmental lumbar lordosis (SL), fusion rate, and lumbar lordosis (LL), were recorded before surgery and 1 and 12 months after surgery. Surgical‐related complications, including cage subsidence (CS), were also evaluated. The local radiographic parameters were compared between L3‐4 and L4‐5. The clinical results and all radiographic parameters were compared between patients with and without CS.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed in radiographic parameters 1 day postoperatively (p < 0.05). Local radiological parameters in L4‐5 had a significant decrease at 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.05), while they were well‐maintained at L3‐4 throughout the follow‐up period (p > 0.05). CS was observed in 26 segments (15.5%). Endplate injury was observed in four segments (2.4%). There was no significant difference in the fusion rate between the segments with and without CS (p = 0.355). The clinical results improved significantly after surgery (p < 0.05), and no significant difference was observed between the groups with and without CS (p > 0.05).ConclusionsAnterolateral fixation combined with OLIF provides sufficient stability to sustain most radiological improvements in treating double‐segment LDDD. Subsidence was the most common complication, which was prone to occur in L4‐5 compared to L3‐4, but did not impede the fusion process or diminish the surgical results.
3D Customized Biological Tibial Intramedullary Nail Fixation for the Treatment of Fracture after Massive Allograft Bone Transplantation of Tibial Osteosarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Hongsheng , Fang Xiang , Xiong Yan , Duan Hong , Zhang Wenli 
Published: April 2022

Allograft bone fractures are critical complications in massive allograft bone transplantations. There are limited studies available on the application of 3D printing for massive allograft bone transplantation complications, and no related reports on the treatment of an allograft bone fracture with a complete biological intramedullary nail. A complex case of allograft bone fracture after massive bone transplantation for a right tibial osteosarcoma was treated with fixation of an individualized 3D printed biological tibial intramedullary nail. Prior to the operation, the intramedullary nail was designed and printed based on the results of computed tomography examination of the affected limb, and the surface of the intramedullary nail was treated with a hydroxyapatite coating. Intraoperatively, the intramedullary nail was implanted according to the preoperative 3D design plan. The intraoperative and postoperative examinations showed that the 3D printed intramedullary nail achieved good matching between the implant and the medullary cavity, and the biological coating integrated well with surrounding bone. The follow‐up results 44 months postoperatively showed that the patient was satisfied with the surgical results, where his ankle function met his daily needs, and the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 24. 3D printing tibial intramedullary nail fixation can be successful in the treatment of allograft bone fractures and should be considered as a treatment of choice. In this case, the intramedullary nail matched the surrounding bone well, had good osseointegration, and the patient regained basic function.
The second wave of critical engagement with Stanley Milgram's ‘obedience to authority’ experiments: What did we learn?
Authors: Kaposi David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study critically examines contemporary academic engagement with Stanley Milgram's classic ‘obedience to authority’ experiments. It argues that, following what will be termed the ‘first wave of criticism’ (1964 to mid‐1980s) and ‘consensus and canonization’ (mid‐1980s to mid‐2000s), this present‐day phase has constituted a veritable ‘second wave of criticism’. The ‘second wave’ is reviewed in terms of, first, a return to fundamental dilemmas around the experiments (i.e., replication, ethics, methodology, and theory); and second, a recourse to novel data sources as well as theoretical and epistemological‐methodological developments. Such integration of traditional concerns and new perspectives has resulted in focus being redirected to a forgotten aspect of the experiments: the interactional production of affective dynamics in the lab. Although the ‘second wave’ will be critiqued for selectively focusing on either affective atmosphere or interactional process, the paper will conclude with the suggestion that bringing these two aspects together continues to promise a theoretical contribution to the understanding of the experiments not seen before.
Incorporating spatial autocorrelation into house sale price prediction using random forest model
Authors: Hu Lan , Chun Yongwan , Griffith Daniel A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe random forest model has been frequently used for house sale price prediction because researchers have shown that it can create better results with smaller prediction errors than conventional statistical models. However, house sale prices tend to be spatially autocorrelated due to shared neighborhood environments and similar physical characteristics, which have been rarely considered and accounted for in the random forest model. A failure to address spatial autocorrelation may result in over‐ or underpredicted house sale prices, especially when these sale prices are highly spatially dependent. This research proposes an extended random forest approach, introducing additional proxy variables that furnish geographic proximity measures of house locations in order to capture spatial autocorrelation that is unexplained by covariates. An application of the extended random forest approach for house sale prices in Fairfax County, Virginia, confirms the effectiveness of the proxy variables with an improvement of house sale price prediction accuracy. The introduction of the proxy variables can correct over‐ and under‐predicted house sale prices that show an underlying spatial structure.
First‐order logics over fixed domain
Authors: Taylor R. Gregory 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhat we call first‐order logic over fixed domain was initiated, in a certain guise, by Peirce around 1885 and championed, albeit in idiosyncratic form, by Zermelo in papers from the 1930s. We characterise such logics model‐ and proof‐theoretically and argue that they constitute exploration of a clearly circumscribed conception of domain‐dependent generality. Whereas a logic, or family of such, can be of interest for any of a variety of reasons, we suggest that one of those reasons might be that said logic fosters some clarification regarding just what qualifies as a logical concept, a logical operation, or a logical law.
Epidemiology and burden of Haemophilus influenzae disease in Thai children before implementation of the routine immunisation programme: A National Health Data Analysis
Authors: Intusoma Utcharee , Thewamit Rapeepat , Thamcharoenvipas Titaporn , Khantee Puttichart 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo conduct the first pre‐Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) type b (Hib) immunisation programme‐based epidemiological study using national health data.MethodsWe analysed National Health Security Office data, which cover 72% of the Thai population. The study population included children aged <18 years admitted for Hi disease from 2015 to 2019. Hi disease diagnosis and death were based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10th revision) hospital discharge summary codes. We estimated the hospital cost per admission using diagnosis‐related grouping with a global budget.ResultsA total of 1125 children aged <18 years were admitted for Hi disease. During the 5‐year‐study, the annual incidence of Hi disease varied from 1.5 to 1.9 per 100,000 children, with an overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 2%. Pneumonia was the most common clinical form, followed by meningitis and sepsis. The incidence, clinical forms and severity of Hi disease were age specific. Infant CFR was higher than that of other age groups. The incidence of Hi disease in children aged <5 years was 4.9 per 100,000 (CFR = 2.0%). Sepsis was the primary cause of infant death, whereas pneumonia was the cause of death in children aged >5 years. The hospital cost ranged from 25,000 to 30,000 THB per admission.ConclusionsThis analysis provided epidemiological data of Hi in Thai children before the Hib routine immunisation programme. The incidence of Hi disease was lower than that previously speculated. Our results could facilitate an assessment of the impact of Hib immunisation programme in Thailand.
Z‐chromosome outliers as diagnostic markers to discriminate Mallard and Chinese Spot‐billed Duck (Anatidae)
Authors: Kulikova Irina V. , Shedko Sergei V. , Zhuravlev Yury N. , Lavretsky Philip , Peters Jeffrey L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractClosely related bird species often exhibit elevated differentiation in the Z‐chromosome. Genetic differentiation is repeatedly found in so‐called ‘islands of differentiation’ that might contain loci under selection that contribute to reproductive isolation. Using double‐digest restriction‐associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD‐seq), we examined genomic divergence of Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and Chinese Spot‐billed Duck (A. zonorhyncha), two closely related species of ducks that occasionally hybridize. The taxa were distinguishable based on overall ddRAD‐seq allele frequency differences. However, differentiation on the Z‐chromosome was about 4.5 times greater than observed for autosomal DNA and included three fixed differences in SNPs. These SNPs are the first species‐specific molecular markers revealed among mallard group species. The causes of elevated Z‐chromosome divergence are discussed, including the possibility that Z‐linked loci are resistant to introgression and potentially linked to phenotypic differences between the species.