bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Street Dust from Functional Areas of Khamis- Mushait, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Said Tarek O. , Awwad Nasser S. , Alamri fatimah A. , Idris Abubakr M. , Alalmie Ali Yahya A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ΣPAHs) were varied from 1250.41-4249.29 ng/g, with an average value of 2809.46 ng/g in street dust of Khamis-Mushait. A maximum concentration of fossil PAHs (ΣFPAHs) was recorded at incinerator and industrial areas representing 69.62% of ΣPAHs. However, the maximum concentrations of carcinogenic PAHs (ΣCARC) and combustion PAHs (ΣCOMB) were recorded at King Fahd Garden and Al-Hayat National Hospital areas, representing 41.70% and 27.46% of ΣPAHs, respectively. Naphthalene (NAP), Acenaphthylene (ACY) and Acenaphthene (ACE) were > (effective range low (ERL). However, ACE was > effective range medium (ERM), ACY, ACE, DBA(dibenzo anthracene) were > Probable Effect Level (PEL). In addition, NAP, fluoranthene (FLT), pyrene (PYR) and benzo(a)pyren (BaP) were > threshold effect level (TEL). The Hazardous indices (HI) for both children and adults were in the following order: ACE > ACY > NAP > PYR > fluorene (FLR) > FLT > benzo(ghi)perylene (BghiP) > phenanthrene (PHN) > ANT. The total HI for non-cancer risks of PAHs exposure were 2.69×10− 2 − 9.91×10− 5 and 2.50x10− 2 − 9.22×10− 4 to adults and children, respectively. These values considered safe level and insignificant non-cancer risks to adults and children. In addition, ACE may pose risk based on acute and intermediate oral exposure. The cluster analysis of dust samples declared the following order for different sources: traffic > industrial > commercial.
Flood inundation modelling using an RProFIM approach based on the scenarios of landuse/landcover change and return periods differences in the upstream Citarum watershed, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yulianto Fajar , Khomarudin Muhammad Rokhis , Hermawan Eddy , Budhiman Syarif , Sofan Parwati , Chulafak Galdita Aruba , Nugroho Nunung Puji , Brahmantara Randy Prima , Nugroho Gatot , Priyanto Eko , Fitriana Hana Listi , Setiyoko Andie , Sakti Anjar Dimara 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study proposes a new model for flood inundation modeling using the Raster-based Probability Flood Inundation Model (RProFIM) approach. The flood modeling was carried out based on the landuse/landcover (LULC) change scenario and the difference in return periods in the study area. The aims of this study were: a) to estimate the volume of discharge in the LULC change scenario between 1990 and 2050 and the difference in return periods between 2 and 100 years; b) to create and produce flood inundation maps using the RProFIM approach; and c) to analyse flood damage assessment based on the results provided by overlaying LULC data with flood inundation maps. In general, the flood probability modeling generated by RProFIM provided the same pattern and conditions it was shown by reference data. The results found several potential areas in Citarum watershed, West Java-Indonesia which are likely to be flooded based on the RProFIM approach in the Districts of Margaasih, Kutawaringin, Margahayu, Katapang, Dayeuhkolot, and Baleendah. Flood damage assessment by the flood scenario with a return period of 2–100 years and changes in LULC in the range of 1990–2050, shows that the largest estimated loss based on market value is on built-up land and agriculture. This research is expected to be used as one of the considerations in managing environmental problems in overcoming flooding in the study area.
Biodegradable active packaging material containing grape seed ethanol extract and corn starch/к-carrageenan composite film
Authors: Wang Cuntang , An Xuanzhe , Li Ziyu , Lu Yueyi , Gao Zengming , Tian Shengxin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A biodegradable packaging film with antioxidant and antibacterial activity was developed by adding grape seed ethanol extract (1%、3%、5% per g of starch) to corn starch/κ-carrageenan (CS/кC) complex film made using the solvent casting method. The κ-carrageenan is a promising film-forming polymer with highly elastic and adhesive properties. The addition of GSE enhanced the water vapor permeability, break elongation, and opacity of the film, and this is related to the excellent dispersion of GSE in CS/кC film observed by scanning electron microscope, and the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bond between GSE and CS proved by FT-IR. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the CS/кC -5% GSE film has a high glass transition temperature (121.65℃). With the increase of GSE content, it improved the antioxidant capacity (DPPH radical scavenging 26.5% and ABTS radical scavenging 45.0%) and antibacterial activity (Bacteriostatic circle diameter of E. coli 12.78 ± 0.42 mm and S. aureus strains 13.52 ± 0.66 mm) of CS/кC films. Simulated food packaging experiments presented that CS/кC-GSE film significantly reduced the peroxide value of lard (P < 0.05). The above results indicate that the GSE can be used as a food-grade packaging material and has a good application prospect in the food industry.
Modelling clinical DNA fragmentation in the development of universal PCR-based assays for bisulfite, FFPE and cfDNA sample analysis
Authors: Johnston Andrew D , Korbie Darren , Lu Jennifer , Trau Matt 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In fragmented DNA, PCR-based methods quantify the number of intact regions at a specific amplicon length. However, the relationship between the population of DNA fragments within a sample and the likelihood they will amplify has not been fully described. To address this, we have derived a mathematical equation that relates the distribution profile of a stochastically fragmented DNA sample to the probability that a DNA fragment within that sample can be amplified by any PCR assay of arbitrary length. Two panels of multiplex PCR assays for quantifying fragmented DNA were then developed: a four-plex panel that can be applied to any human DNA sample and used to estimate the percentage of regions that are intact at any length; and a two-plex panel optimized for quantifying circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). For these assays, regions of the human genome least affected by copy number aberration were identified and selected; within these copy-neutral regions, each PCR assay was designed to amplify both genomic and bisulfite-converted DNA; and all assays were validated for use in both conventional qPCR and droplet-digital PCR. Finally, using the cfDNA-optimized assays we find evidence of universally conserved nucleosome positioning among individuals.
Green Star-Earth Edge Computing Architecture Exploration and Offloading Strategy Research
Authors: Wang Yu , He Chenguang , Han Shuai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper first introduces the potential and role of green communication, satellite-ground network and other technologies in the development of IoT technology, and then proposes a new green satellite-ground edge computing architecture (GSECA) for the green communication problem in the satellite edge computing scenario. This article includes the following contents: 1. The natural advantages of green communication mechanism and satellite-earth edge computing; 2. The combination mechanism of green communication and satellite-earth edge computing; 3. Problems existing in green satellite-earth edge computing and development prospects for future research ;4. For this architecture, a priority-based task offloading algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is optimized based on the Lagrange multiplier method, which can realize the orderly offloading of ground equipment computing tasks to the satellite. It also has relatively good performance in terms of energy consumption, and the complexity of the algorithm is relatively low based on the results obtained by the CVX toolbox.
Parental choice of kindergarten type and relations to personal values, socio-demographics, and early child characteristics
Authors: Specht Ina Olmer , Larsen Sofus C , Nielsen Ann-Kristine , Rohde Jeanett Friis , Heitmann Berit Lilienthal , Jørgensen Tanja Schjødt 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Children attending outdoor kindergartens are assumed to be healthier than children attending conventional kindergartens, however, factors related to the self-selection into kindergarten type may explain the difference. We investigated the reasons for choosing either outdoor or conventional kindergartens among parents, and if parental socio-demographics and early child characteristics differed prior to enrolling children to either type of kindergarten.
Methods
This study was part of the ‘Outdoor kindergartens – the healthier choice?’ study. General Concept Mapping, based on a mixed-method participatory approach, was applied to identify parental reasons for choosing either type of kindergarten. Further, data on child and parental socio-demographic, health information and kindergarten choice were gathered from Danish registries.
Results
Parents of children attending outdoor kindergartens weighed reasons such as “physical setting, outdoor life, and freedom of movement” high, whereas “a good first impression of the kindergarten” was an important reason for parents choosing a conventional kindergarten. In the register-based approach, 2434 and 2643 children attended outdoor or conventional kindergartens, respectively. The parents choosing outdoor kindergartens as well as their children differed according to most investigated characteristics, e.g. origin (maternal non-Western: 4.2% vs. 21.9%, p < .0001), educational level (maternal long education: 45.6% vs. 33.0%, p < .0001), prematurity (5.1% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.004) and sex (females: 43.5% vs. 48.6%, p = 0.0003).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that parental choice of kindergarten is related to considerable differences in both reasons for choosing type of kindergarten, socio-demographics, and early child characteristics. These differences might cause selection bias when comparing health outcomes among children attending different kinds of kindergartens.
A single-center analysis of visual outcomes and associated factors after intravenous methylprednisolone treatment for dysthyroid optic neuropathy
Authors: Kemchoknatee Parinee , Chainakul Methaphon , Tangon Duanghathai , Srisom Thansit 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) is a serious threatening vision loss in Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO). Although the European Group on Graves’ Ophthalmopathy (EUGOGO) recommend intravenous methylprednisolone therapy for first line treatment. Some characteristics predicting the response are still inconclusive.Aim: To study the efficacy of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone (IVMP) in treating dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON) and to identify factors predicting poor response to the treatment.Methods: Patients diagnosed with DON between January 2010 and December 2021 at Rajavithi Hospital, Thailand, receiving IVMP 1 gm/ day for 3 consecutive days were analyzed. The efficacy at 1 week and 3 and 6 months in terms of improvement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and proptosis were compiled.Results: Of the 59 DON cases that received IVMP, 52.54% gained at least 0.2 Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR) at 1 week, and the improvement from initial to 1-week BCVA was 0.67±0.75 logMAR (p<0.001) and the decrease in proptosis was 1.77±1.35 mm (p<0.001). The remaining 24 orbits underwent orbital decompression and were excluded from the long-term efficacy analysis. In the last 6 months’ follow-up time, there was an improvement of BCVA (0.59±0.53 logMAR) and proptosis (1.66±1.41 mm) (both p<0.001). Significant predictive factors of poor treatment response were age ³55 years (odds ratio [OR]: 7.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37–37.74, p=0.02); longer onset duration before treatment (OR: 5.22, 95%CI: 1.27–21.48, p=0.022); and proptosis at baseline (OR: 4.77, 95%CI: 1.09–20.91, p=0.039). The strongest risk factor for predicting poor response to IVMP was poor initial visual acuity (OR: 8.87, 95%CI: 1.29–60.92, p=0.026).Conclusions: IVMP is effective for both short- and long-term treatment to improve visual acuity and proptosis. Older age, longer disease duration, poor initial visual acuity, and proptotic orbits were identified as risk factors for predicting poor IVMP treatment in Thai population. Patients with suspected DON should be advised for early IVMP to better preserve their future vision.
Heat shock-induced exosomes derived from neural stem cells confer marked neuroprotection against oxidative stress and amyloid-β caused neurotoxicity
Authors: Huber Christa C. , Callegari Eduardo A. , Paez Maria D. , Romanova Svetlana , Wang Hongmin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and a leading cause of dementia. Although the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide is deemed a crucial driver of AD, there are no effective therapeutics available to treat Aβ-caused neurotoxicity. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a size range of 30 – 150 nanometers in diameter. Stem cell-derived exosomes are a potential therapeutic in AD, while exosomes isolated from normal stem cell cultures generally have a low yield. Here, we studied the exosomes secreted by the rat neural stem cells in the presence of heat shock (HS) stimulus. Nanoparticle tracking analysis confirmed HS-derived exosomes exhibit significantly higher concentration and larger diameter in comparison to the non-heat shock (NHS)-derived exosomes. Mass spectrometric studies of exosomal proteins reveal that HS-derived exosomes contained fewer diverse proteins than NHS-derived exosomes. GO enrichment analysis of the proteins suggested that the top two biological functions of the proteins in HS-derived exosomes are involved in the negative regulation of apoptotic process and positive modulation of DNA repair. Importantly, the therapeutic efficacy of the NHS- and HS-derived exosomes were tested in a cell culture model of AD: HS-derived exosomes exhibited greater neuroprotection against not only oxidative stress but also amyloid-β (Aβ) induced neurotoxicity compared to NHS-derived exosomes. These data indicate that in response to HS, neural stem cells increase exosome production and alter exosome morphology and cargo to confer better neuroprotection against oxidative stress and Aβ caused neurotoxicity, suggesting that HS-induced exosomes from neural stem cells can be a therapeutic reagent for AD and possibly other neurological disorders.
WITHDRAWN: Genome-wide surveying of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) lines for idetifying loci of ZYMV resistance
Authors: Gokbulut Tarik , Fidan Hakan , Fırat Ahmet Fikret , Coskun Omer Faruk , Pinar Hasan , Gulsen Osman 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Control of virus diseases such as zuchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) of cucumber causing major yield and quality losses is impossible by using any chemical pesticide except for using elimination of vectors of viruses and resistant cultivar. The objectives of this study were to investigate structure of genetic resistance to ZYMV of cucumber for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Forty-eigth resistant and 48 susceptible lines were selected from a germplasm of 600 cucumber lines. Bulk DNAs of resistant and susceptible lines were screened to find candidate marker(s) by using ISSR, RAPD and a cleaved amplified polymorphism (CAP) primers, which targeted over 5000 loci of cucumber. Candidate markers later were applied to 96 lines including 48 resistance and susceptible lines to find associating markers. A total of 54 candidate marker loci were produced, which were clustered into two groups based on Dice’, average distance, simple matching and correlation similarity matrices. In the association analyses by using TASSEL software, associating markers were detected. These markers were then subjected to backward regression analysis by SAS program. The results explained %78 of total variation for ZYMV. The remaining 22% of the variation was possibly due to presence of additional gene(s) and environmental effect that caused lower repeatability.
LPAR5 confers cancer cells radioresistance associated with EMT activation via ERK/ Snail pathway
Authors: sun xiaoya , li haozheng , Xie Da-Fei , gao ShanShan , Huang Xin , Guan Hua , Bai Chenjun , zhou pingkun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical event contributing cancer cells more aggressive phenotypes. EMT programs are frequently activated in radiation-targeted cells during the course of radiotherapy, and which often endows cancers the acquired radioresistance. Through RNA-seq based transcriptome analysis, here we found that LPAR5 is downregulated in the early response of HeLa cells to γ-rays irradiation. Radiation-induced alterations of LPAR5 expression were further revealed to be a bidirectional dynamic process in HeLa and A549 cells, i.e., early downregulating phase at 2 ~ 4h and late upregulating phase at 24h post-irradiation. Overexpression of LPAR5 prompts EMT programing and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, increased expression of LPAR5 is significantly associated with IR-induced EMT and confers cancer cells radioresistance. Knockdown of LPAR5 suppressed IR-induced EMT by attenuating the activation of ERK signaling and downstream Snail, MMP1, and MMP9 expressions. In conclusion, LPAR5 is an important upstream regulator of IR-induced EMT through modulating ERK/Snail pathway. This study provides further insights into understanding the mechanism of radiation-induced EMT and promising target for improving the effectiveness of cancer radiation therapy.
Thermal Rectification in Ultra-narrow Hydrogen Functionalized Graphene: A Non- Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Sharifi Marjan , Heidaryan Ehsan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this study, the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation (NEMD) has been used to evaluate the thermal properties, especially the rectification of ultra-narrow edge-functionalized graphene with hydrogen atoms. The system's small width equals 4.91 Å (equivalent to two hexagonal rings). The dependence of the thermal rectification on the mean temperature, hydrogen concentration, and temperature difference between the two baths was investigated. Results reveal that the thermal rectification increases up to 100% at 550 K by increasing the mean temperature. Also, it is disclosed that hydrogen concentration plays a vibrant role in thermal rectification. Furthermore, a thoroughgoing rectification is obtained in the half fully hydrogenated system due to maximum phonon scattering at the interface. Furthermore, the effects of temperature difference of baths ΔT on thermal rectification has been calculated. As a result, the thermal rectification decreases even though the current heat increases with ΔT. Finally, the thermal resistance at the interface using a mismatching factor between the two-phonon density of states (DOS) on both sides of the interface has been explained.
Birth outcomes, early growth patterns and age at adiposity rebound: evidence from the Ma’anshan birth cohort (MABC) study
Authors: Zhou Jixing , Zhang Shanshan , Teng Yuzhu , Yang Mengting , Yan Shuangqin , Tao Xingyong , Tao Fangbiao , Huang Kun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: The age at AR (adiposity rebound) in humans appears to be earlier. Increasing studies found that early age at AR (EAR) are associated with subsequent obesity and related complications, but it is unclear whether birth outcomes and early growth patterns are important factors in AR. We aimed to investigate the effect of birth outcomes and early growth patterns in the first two years on the timing of AR.Methods: A prospective cohort study of 2705 children was included in this study. Early growth levels were calculated based on BMI and head circumference in the first two years. We defined the criteria for rapid weight gain (RWG) in infancy as a change in weight SD score > +0.67 from birth to 12/18/24 months. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) and fractional polynomial function models were used to determine body mass index (BMI) trajectory from birth to 24 months and estimate children’s age at AR, respectively. Binary logistic regression models and multivariate linear regression models were used.Results: Children born with small size (SGA, LBW, and smaller length, weight and head circumference) and short gestational age (GA) (PTB and shorter GA) were associated with EAR. Children with RWG was associated with an increased risk of EAR. Children’s BMI and head circumference were negatively associated with age at AR before 12 months, but this association changed radically afterwards. Furthermore, children with rising BMI trajectory and low BMI trajectory in the first two years were both associated with an increased risk of EAR compared to medium BMI trajectory.Conclusions: Both birth outcomes and early growth patterns will influence subsequent age at AR.
CT delta-radiomics for identification of advanced EGFR-Mutated lung adenocarcinoma Sensitive to Therapies Targeting EGFR Pathway
Authors: Zou Jiajun , Mao Haijia , Zhu Fandong , He Bin , Zhao Li , Yang Chen , Zhao Zhenhua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: In this study, a non-invasive radiomics method was used to extract a large amount of valuable information from patient CT images (including pre-treatment and follow-up images), and the image features were effectively combined with treatment effect evaluation, aiming to solve the problem of lung adenocarcinoma in patients with EGFR mutation positive. The early efficacy evaluation of cancer EGFR-TKI targeted drugs provides a scientific basis for clinical drug selection and adjustment of treatment plans. Methods: It is planned to include 106 patients with EGFR-TKI targeted therapy for lung adenocarcinoma in Shaoxing People's Hospital (pathologically confirmed EGFR mutation positive), and randomly divide them into a training group and a validation group in a ratio of 7:3. The CT plain scan images of patients before and 2 months after treatment were collected, and the images were segmented by ITK-SNAP software. Perform feature screening and modeling, and draw nomograms, calibration curves, and decision curves. Results: After Lasso dimensionality reduction, three features with non-zero coefficients are extracted between groups, sumEntropy,LongRunLowGreyLevelEmphasis_angle0_offset1, LongRunLowGreyLevelEmphasis_angle0_offset4. The average area under the curve (AUC) of the logistic regression model in the training group and the validation group was 0.778 and 0.773, respectively; the Nomogram chart showed that after the three radiomics parameters were scored, the total score was 0-130, and the corresponding effective The risk was 0.1-0.9; the calibration curve showed that the predicted value and the actual clinical observation value approached a 45° slope, indicating that the model was well calibrated; while the decision curve radiomics model was used to evaluate EGFR-TKI in lung adenocarcinoma Targeted drugs have better clinical benefits when they have early efficacy. Conclusions: The radiomics model established based on the radiomics features of CT unenhanced images has good performance in evaluating the efficacy of EGFR-TKI targeted drugs in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, and the final Nomogram map can quantitatively evaluate the curative effect, providing individual patient information.