bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teen pregnancy in the setting of familial dilated cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: George Joshua S. , Johnson Jeffrey 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Women with pre-existing forms of familial cardiomyopathy are at increased risk for morbidity and mortality due to hemodynamic changes of pregnancy. There is a lack of consensus about the management and care for these patients given the rarity of this condition. This case represents possibly the youngest pregnant familial dilated cardiomyopathy patient to deliver and the youngest patient to be fitted for a wearable cardiac defibrillator in the postpartum period.

Case Presentation
A 14-year-old gravida 1 with familial dilated cardiomyopathy presented late for prenatal care at 38 weeks, which precluded typical care plans including baseline and serial echocardiograms, medication management, and routine prenatal care. An echocardiogram showed severely decreased left ventricular systolic function compared to studies from one year prior. Three days later the patient presented in labor and had a spontaneous vaginal delivery complicated by postpartum hemorrhage. Her postpartum course was notable for persistence of decreased cardiac function testing and placement of a wearable cardiac defibrillator for prevention against life threatening arrhythmias.

Conclusion
This case report adds to the literature on pregnancy complicated by familial dilated cardiomyopathy and describes management best practices and considerations during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum periods.
The impact of psychosocial variables on initial presentation and surgical outcome for ulnar-sided wrist pathology: a cohort study with 1-year follow-up
Authors: Teunissen J. S. , van der Oest M. J. W. , van Groeninghen D. E. , Feitz R. , Hovius S. E. R. , Van der Heijden E. P. A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Aims
Ulnar-sided wrist pain has historically been equated to lower-back pain of wrist surgery. Little is known about the relationship between psychosocial profile and the manifestation of ulnar-sided wrist pathology and their treatment outcomes. This study aimed to determine the impact of pain catastrophising, psychological distress, illness perception, and patients’ outcome expectations on patient-reported pain and hand function before and one year after surgery for ulnar-sided wrist pathology.

Patients and Methods
We included patients who underwent surgical treatment for ulnar-sided wrist pathology. Before surgery, patients completed the Pain Catastrophising Scale (PCS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), and Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ). Pain and dysfunction were assessed before (n = 423) and one year after surgery (n = 253) using the Patient Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE). Hierarchical linear regression was used to assess the relationship between psychosocial factors and the preoperative PRWHE score, postoperative PRWHE score, and change in PRWHE.

Results
Psychosocial variables explained an additional 35% of the variance in preoperative PRWHE scores and 18% on postoperative scores. A more negative psychosocial profile was associated with higher (worse) preoperative PRWHE scores (PCS: B = 0.19, CI = [0.02–0.36]; B-IPQ Consequences: B = 3.26, CI = 2.36–4.15; and B-IPQ Identity, B = 1.88 [1.09–2.67]) and postoperative PRWHE scores (PCS: B = 0.44, CI = [0.08–0.81]) but not with the change in PRWHE after surgery. Higher treatment expectations were associated with a lower (better) postoperative PRWHE score (CEQ expectancy: B = -1.63, CI = [-2.43;-0.83]) and a larger change in PRWHE scores (B =|1.62|, CI = [|0.77; 2.47|]).

Conclusion
A more negative psychosocial profile was associated with higher pain levels and dysfunction preoperatively and postoperatively. However, these patients showed similar improvement as patients with a more feasible psychosocial profile. Therefore, patients should not be withheld from surgical treatment based on their preoperative psychosocial profile alone. Boosting treatment expectations might further improve treatment outcomes.

Level of evidence
III (Cohort study).
Developing decision model for the outsourcing of medical service delivery in the public hospitals
Authors: Khosravizadeh Omid , Maleki Aisa , Ahadinezhad Bahman , Shahsavari Saeed , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Tazekand Nasibeh Mansouran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The decision to outsource an activity is one of the most complex organizational decisions. This decision is also influenced by several factors and components. In order to facilitate and optimize it, for the first time in this study, a decision model for outsourcing medical service delivery in public hospitals has been developed.

Methods
We conducted this cross-sectional study in 3 stages: 1) We identified the factors affecting the outsourcing decisions, 2) an expert panel identified the influential factors. After standardization, we distributed 220 questionnaires among university staff managers and heads, nursing managers, and managers of the research units, and 3) Structural Equation Model applied to evaluate the relationship between the variables on AMOS22, at 0.05 significant level.

Results
Findings indicated the optimal level of all fit indices. The path coefficient between all identified factors with the outsourcing decision was positive (t > 1.96). Factors ranging from the most effective to least effective included monitoring and control, service type, human resource, economic and financial, executive capability, external environment, and terms and conditions.

Conclusion
The proposed model provides unit evaluation to make the appropriate decision on outsourcing or non-outsourcing. Control and monitoring were the most determining factors. We recommend performing monitoring continuously as a guide and deterrent to error. We also recommend continuous monitoring and control over the quality of outsourced units and stakeholder satisfaction.
Radiographic vertical tracheal diameter assessment at different levels along the trachea as an alternative method for the evaluation of the tracheal diameter in non-brachycephalic small breed dogs
Authors: Mostafa Ayman A. , Berry Clifford R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundTracheal narrowing due to congenital tracheal hypoplasia, acquired tracheal stenosis and tracheal collapse can lead to life-threatening respiratory distress. Tracheal hypoplasia has been identified in brachycephalic dog breeds, predominantly English Bulldogs, by measuring the tracheal diameter compared to the diameter of the thoracic inlet and creating a ratio. However, reference ranges for tracheal diameter have not been established for non-brachycephalic small breed dogs. It would be advantageous to have established tracheal diameters for non-brachycephalic small breed dogs, as these are the dogs most at risk of tracheal collapse. The main objective, of this study was to radiographically evaluate vertical tracheal diameter (VTD) at three standardized locations along the trachea of non-brachycephalic small breed dogs, in an attempt to further establish a screening diagnostic protocol for canine tracheal hypoplasia. Medical records and thoracic radiographs of non-brachycephalic small breed dogs without respiratory disease were reviewed. Right lateral radiographs were reviewed. The absolute and average VTDs at three locations (location A: caudal cervical VTD; location B thoracic inlet VTD; location C: intrathoracic VTD) were standardized by manubrium length (ML), as well as by the previously utilized thoracic inlet distance (Ti-D) and proximal 3rd rib width (PR3-W) to calculate manubrium-tracheal index (M-TI), thoracic inlet-tracheal index (Ti-TI), and proximal R3-tracheal score (PR3-TS), respectively. Correlations between averaged tracheal diameter and each of the ML, Ti-D, and PR3-W, and between M-TI and each of Ti-TI and PR3-TS were calculated.ResultsEighty-one healthy dogs met the criteria for inclusion. Significant differences (P < 0.0001) were identified among the mean values of the absolute and standardized VTDs at levels A, B, and C. The smallest tracheal diameter was identified at the level of the thoracic inlet (Level B).The average VTD correlated better with ML (rs = 0.82,P < 0.0001) compared to Ti-D and PR3-W. A relatively strong correlation (rs = 0.77,P < 0.0001) was identified between the averaged manubrium tracheal index (M-TI) and thoracic inlet tracheal index (Ti-TI).ConclusionM-TI is an appropriate alternative to Ti-TI and PR3-TS to radiographically evaluate VTD in dogs. M-TI < 0.43, < 0.34, or < 0.38 at level A, B, or C, respectively, may indicate tracheal hypoplasia in non-brachycephalic small breed dogs. Screening of canine VTD could be achieved using M-TI.
Expressing 2-keto acid pathway enzymes significantly increases photosynthetic isobutanol production
Authors: Xie Hao , Lindblad Peter 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundCyanobacteria, photosynthetic microorganisms, are promising green cell factories for chemical production, including biofuels. Isobutanol, a four-carbon alcohol, is considered as a superior candidate as a biofuel for its high energy density with suitable chemical and physical characteristics. The unicellular cyanobacteriumSynechocystisPCC 6803 has been successfully engineered for photosynthetic isobutanol production from CO2and solar energy in a direct process.ResultsHeterologous expression of α-ketoisovalerate decarboxylase (KivdS286T) is sufficient for isobutanol synthesis via the 2-keto acid pathway inSynechocystis. With additional expression of acetolactate synthase (AlsS), acetohydroxy-acid isomeroreductase (IlvC), dihydroxy-acid dehydratase (IlvD), and alcohol dehydrogenase (Slr1192OP), theSynechocystisstrain HX42, with a functional 2-keto acid pathway, showed enhanced isobutanol production reaching 98 mg L−1in short-term screening experiments. Through modulatingkivdS286Tcopy numbers as well as the composition of the 5′-region, a finalSynechocystisstrain HX47 with three copies ofkivdS286Tshowed a significantly improved isobutanol production of 144 mg L−1, an 177% increase compared to the previously reported best producing strain under identical conditions.ConclusionsThis work demonstrates the feasibility to express heterologous genes with a combination of self-replicating plasmid-based system and genome-based system inSynechocystiscells. Obtained isobutanol-producingSynechocystisstrains form the base for further investigation of continuous, long-term-photosynthetic isobutanol production from solar energy and carbon dioxide.Graphic abstract
Supermicrosurgical treatment for lymphedema: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Will Patrick A. , Wan Zhenzhen , Seide Svenja E. , Berner Juan Enrique , Kneser Ulrich , Gazyakan Emre , Hirche Christoph 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundLymphedema is a condition that affects up to 130 million subjects worldwide. Since it is related to several complications and a significant reduction in terms of quality of life, it is a heavy burden not only to the patients but also for the healthcare system worldwide. Despite the development of supermicrosurgery, such as vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) and lymphovenous anastomosis LVA, the indications and outcomes of these complex groups of interventions remain a controversial topic in the field of reconstructive plastic surgery.MethodsThis systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to assess the evidence of outcomes of LVA and VLNT in patients with lymphedema. Secondary aims of the project are to determine if for any outcomes, LVA or VLNT is superior to conservative therapy alone, and whether the available evidence favors any kind of supermicrosurgical interventions for lymphedema patients. This study will include original studies of patients with lymphedema on the extremities indexed in PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PASCAL, FRANCIS, ISTEX, LILACS, CNKI, and IndMED that reported microsurgery (supermicrosurgery) of all techniques aiming the re-functionalization of the lymphatic system. As comparators, mere observation, conservative treatment of any kind, and the other subgroups of supermicrosurgery are planned. The primary outcome of this systematic review and network meta-analysis is the difference of the limb volume, while the secondary outcomes of interest will be erysipelas rates, major and minor complications, postoperative necessity of continuous compression garments, and patient satisfaction, measured by already published and validated scores for quality of life.DiscussionWe will provide an overview and evidence grade analysis of the scientific literature available on the effectiveness of the subcategories of supermicrosurgical interventions for lymphedema.
Gambling problems among Lebanese adults: Arabic-Language version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) scale validation and correlates
Authors: Haddad Patrick , Roukoz Roger , Akel Marwan , Hallit Souheil 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In the DSM-5, gambling disorder is recognized as the only behavioral addiction. The number of people with mental health disorders is increasing in Lebanon, especially since the economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), the most used tool in the world in terms of pathological gambling, has never been translated to Arabic, culturally adapted in a way that suits the Lebanese population and validated. This study’s objectives were to validate an Arabic-language version of the SOGS and assess factors associated with probable pathological gambling among Lebanese adults.

Methods
This study was carried out between February and April 2021, during the lockdown period imposed by the Lebanese government. A total of 601 individuals participated in this study by filling the online questionnaire.

Results
A factor analysis, using the principal component analysis, was performed on the SOGS scale items. The SOGS items were able to explain 73.35% of the variance, with an internal reliability of KR20 = 0.947 for the total scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the results of the factor analysis. More problematic alcohol use (aOR = 1.17), and more depression (aOR = 1.13) were significantly associated with higher odds of probable pathological gambling, whereas females (aOR = 0.27) had significantly lower odds of probable pathological gambling compared to males.

Conclusion
Our study validated an Arabic-language version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) for use in Lebanon, and showed some factors associated with probable pathological gambling (male gender, alcohol use disorder and depression). This reliable and valid version will hopefully contribute towards better screening for gambling disorder in Lebanon.
A validity framework for accountability: educational measurement and language testing
Authors: Hoeve Karen B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh stakes test-based accountability systems primarily rely on aggregates and derivatives of scores from tests that were originally developed to measure individual student proficiency in subject areas such as math, reading/language arts, and now English language proficiency. Current validity models do not explicitly address this use of aggregate scores in accountability. Historically, language testing and educational measurement have been related, yet parallel disciplines. Accountability policies have increasingly forced these disciplines under one umbrella with a common system of rewards and sanctions based on results achieved. Therefore, a validity framework, as suggested in the present paper, is relevant to both.
Characteristics and potential quality indicators for evaluating pre-travel consultations in Japan hospitals: the Japan Pretravel consultation registry (J-PRECOR)
Authors: Yamamoto Kei , Asai Yusuke , Nakatani Issaku , Hayashi Kenichi , Nakagawa Hidenori , Shinohara Koh , Kanai Shinichiro , Shimatani Michitsugu , Yamato Masaya , Shimono Nobuyuki , Kitaura Tsuyoshi , Komiya Nobuhiro , Nagasaka Atsushi , Mikawa Takahiro , Manabe Akihiro , Matono Takashi , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Ogawa Taku , Kutsuna Satoshi , Ohmagari Norio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundAwareness of pre-travel consultations (PTCs) and prevention methods for overseas travel-related diseases, and the understanding of PTCs among Japanese travelers and medical professionals remains low in Japan. A multicenter registry was established to examine PTCs in Japan. This study assessed the PTC implementation rate and examined the indicators of PTCs that can be used as criteria for evaluating quality.MethodsClients who presented for their PTCs at 17 facilities and were registered between February 1, 2018, and May 31, 2020, were included. Medical information was extracted retrospectively via a web-based system. Correlations between vaccination risk categories and advice/intervention proportions by the facility were evaluated using Spearman’s ordered phase relations (α = 0.05).ResultsOf the 9700 eligible clients (median age, 32 years; 880 [9.1%] aged < 16 years and 549 [5.7%] aged ≥65 years), the most common travel duration was ≥181 days (35.8%); higher among younger clients. The most common reason for travel was business (40.5%); the US (1118 [11.5%]) and Asia (4008 [41.3%]) were the most common destinations and continents, respectively. The vaccine number (median three per person) increased after the PTCs except for the tetanus toxoid. Only 60.8% of the clients recommended for malaria prophylaxis received anti-malarial agents. The gross national income; the incidence of human rabies, typhoid fever, falciparum malaria; and dengue risk category were associated with the percentage of hepatitis-A vaccines; explaining rabies post-exposure prophylaxis, typhoid-fever vaccinations, malaria-prophylaxis prescriptions; and mosquito repellants, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough the characteristics of the travelers differed, the quality of the PTCs should be improved to address, for example, the lower rate of acceptance of malaria prophylaxis in Japan.
The air we breathe: understanding the impact of the environment on pneumonia
Authors: Smit Lidwien A. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn increased risk of community-acquired pneumonia has been shown in residents of rural livestock farming areas in the Netherlands and United States, probably due to air pollution exposure or zoonotic infections. Spatial epidemiological analyses have particularly implicated poultry and goat farms in the increased risk—an observation that warrants further research. Studying the viral or bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia using traditional microbiological methods or metagenomic sequencing could help to fathom to what extent environmental factors and causative pathogens contribute to spatial differences in the incidence of severe acute respiratory infections.
Complementary role of computed tomography angiography with fixed perfusion defects on SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Abazid Rami M. , Sallam Yasmine T. , Romsa Jonathan G. , Warrington James C. , Akincioglu Cigdem , De Sabe , Tzemos Nikolaos , Vezina William C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We present this case series exploring the complementary role of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in the detection of myocardial necrosis.

Methods
A cardiac hybrid imaging database search identified 144 patients with a previous history of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with coronary revascularization. CCTA and MPI scans were evaluated to determine whether CCTA had an added value to MPI in detecting myocardial necrosis.

Results
Five patients with patent stents and/or bypass grafts and both fixed perfusion defects on MPI and sub-endocardial hypo-perfusion on CCTA were identified. The extent and location of the perfusion defects were closely correlated between the CCTA and SPECT MPI images.

Conclusion
In this series, CCTA and SPECT MPI were found to play a complementary role in the assessment of fixed perfusion defect, with CCTA adding specificity to the diagnosis of myocardial necrosis.
Lifestyle changes and its effect towards the evolution of human dentition
Authors: Kurniawan Arofi , Moza Shafa Marwa , Nuraini Nathania , Hanif Mayang Aziza , Sekar Dhea Arum , Talitha Patricia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The dentition of modern humans has evolved from their hominid ancestors to their current form. Factors regarding the changes of lifestyle such as dietary habits and usage of tools have affected the evolution of human dentition. This article aimed to discuss the effect of dietary changes on the evolution of human teeth. An online literature search in the PubMed database was conducted according to the inclusion criteria of this study.

Main body
The culture transition from a hunter-gatherer society to agriculture is followed by dietary changes, which result in a decrease of tooth wear due to more refined food sources in agricultural intensification. By analyzing the microwear pattern such as shear, striation, and pattern of the buccal teeth, the dietary hypothesis based on the occlusal tooth microwear analysis could be examined.

Conclusion
The dietary hypothesis based on the occlusal tooth microwear study could be tested by analyzing the microwear pattern (shear, striation, pattern) of the buccal teeth. Posterior teeth are more closely related to diet, while anterior teeth are related to non-dietary tooth-use behaviors, or using the teeth as a tool or third hand which causes more limited striations at the labial surface.
Applicability of Willems method for age estimation in Brazilian children: performance of multiple linear regression and artificial neural network
Authors: Rocha Letícia Tose , Ingold Mara Sampaio , Panzarella Francine Kühl , Santiago Bianca Marques , de Oliveira Rogério Nogueira , de Macedo Bernardino Ítalo , Makeeva Irina , Junqueira José Luiz Cintra , Mânica Scheila , Franco Ademir 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Dental age estimation of children may be necessary in the clinical and forensic fields. In the former, it may contribute to the investigation of dental development and biological maturation. In the latter, dental age estimation may support the Court in several circumstances, such as adoption and unidentified bodies of deceased children. This study aimed to apply Willems method for dental age estimation of children from Southeastern Brazil. The second aim of the study was to test the performance of the method modeled with multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN). The sample consisted of 1000 panoramic radiographs of female (n = 500) and male (n = 500) Brazilian children. The individuals were evenly distributed through ten age intervals of 1 year from 6 to 15.99 years. Dental development was classified with the 7-teeth technique of Demirjian et al. (1973), followed by age calculation with Willems method (2001). The difference between chronological and estimated ages was quantified for the original Willems model and for the MLR and ANN models.

Results
For females and males, the overall difference found with Willems original model was 0.27 and 0.28, respectively. With MLR and ANN, the overall differences were 0.54 and 0.35, and 0.26 and 0.24, respectively. The ANN was able to reduce half of the mean error of female age predictions up to 100%. The same phenomenon occurred in 1/3 of the males. Despite the improvements of the ANN model to specific age groups, the original Willems model performed similar or better in 40% of the studied age intervals. All the models showed the worse age predictions in the interval between 15 and 15.99 years (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Willems method remains optimal and applicable after 20 years since original development. The ANN model might be an option for future improvements (depending on sex and age interval).