bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A significant vascular variant in oncologic pancreaticoduodenectomy: the arc of Buhler
Authors: Schumacher L. , Albrecht H. C. , Gretschel S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The arc of Buhler (AOB), a rare anastomosis connecting the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) to the celiac trunk (CA), was found in a patient suffering from an adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head.

Case presentation
Oncologic pancreaticoduodenectomy required resection of the AOB to achieve complete tumor removal. After an uneventful clinical course in the first days, the patient suffered a severe complication. Due to ischemia of the stomach and spleen, complete resection of the stomach, spleen, and remaining pancreas had to be performed.

Conclusions
The hemodynamic impact of this arterial variant has been discussed mainly for liver perfusion, which remained intact at all times in our case. Because of the serious obstacles mentioned above, we strongly recommend that the presence of AOB be considered in preoperative diagnosis and preservation when possible. If the AOB is likely to be ligated, stenosis of the SMA or CA should be excluded and resolved before surgery.
Mumps outbreak in university students: first detection of mumps virus genotype F in Borneo
Authors: Fong Siat Yee , Mori Daisuke , John Jecelyn Leaslie , Giloi Nelbon , Jeffree Mohammad Saffree , Ahmed Kamruddin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In October 2016, a mumps outbreak occurred among the students living in the on-campus dormitory of a public university located in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. This study aimed to investigate the outbreak and identify the genotype of the mumps virus (MuV) strain that was involved in the outbreak.

Main body
During the outbreak, one 21-year-old and four 20-year-old males staying in the same dormitory building were reported to have developed symptoms of mumps. Of these, two students were available during the investigation for sample collection to detect MuV by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the 639-bp fragment encompassing the entire small hydrophobic (SH) gene. Nucleotide sequencing of the amplicon and phylogenetic analysis using the neighbor-joining method was performed to determine the MuV genotype. Of the two buccal swab samples, one was positive for MuV. The MuV strain in this sample belonged to genotype F and it was clustered together with genotype F strains from China with 96.84–99.68% nucleotide identity.

Conclusions
Genotype F has limited circulation and is endemic in mainland China. Genotype F strains occasionally reported from other countries were epidemiologically linked to China. This study is the first to report a case of genotype F MuV in Malaysia and no epidemiological link could be established with mainland China. The results provide important information that can assist in strategic planning to improve the prevention and control of mumps infection in Malaysia.
The comparative interrupted time series design for assessment of diagnostic impact: methodological considerations and an example using point-of-care C-reactive protein testing
Authors: Fanshawe Thomas R. , Turner Philip J. , Gillespie Marjorie M. , Hayward Gail N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In diagnostic evaluation, it is necessary to assess the clinical impact of a new diagnostic as well as its diagnostic accuracy. The comparative interrupted time series design has been proposed as a quasi-experimental approach to evaluating interventions. We show how it can be used in the design of a study to evaluate a point-of-care diagnostic test for C-reactive protein in out-of-hours primary care services, to guide antibiotic prescribing among patients presenting with possible respiratory tract infection. This study consisted of a retrospective phase that used routinely collected monthly antibiotic prescribing data from different study sites, and a prospective phase in which antibiotic prescribing rates were monitored after the C-reactive protein diagnostic was introduced at some of the sites.

Methods
Of 8 study sites, 3 were assigned to receive the diagnostic and 5 were assigned as controls. We obtained retrospective monthly time series of respiratory tract targeted antibiotic prescriptions at each site. Separate ARIMA models at each site were used these to forecast monthly prescription counts that would be expected in the prospective phase, using simulation to obtain a set of 1-year predictions alongside their standard errors. We show how these forecasts can be combined to test for a change in prescription rates after introduction of the diagnostic and estimate power to detect this change.

Results
Fitted time series models at each site were stationary and showed second-order annual seasonality, with a clear December peak in prescriptions, although the timing and extent of the peak varied between sites and between years. Mean one-year predictions of antibiotic prescribing rates based on the retrospective time series analysis differed between sites assigned to receive the diagnostic and those assigned to control. Adjusting for the trend in the retrospective time series at each site removed these differences.

Conclusions
Quasi-experimental designs such as comparative interrupted time series can be used in diagnostic evaluation to estimate effect sizes before conducting a full randomised controlled trial or if a randomised trial is infeasible. In multi-site studies, existing retrospective data should be used to adjust for underlying differences between sites to make outcome data from different sites comparable, when possible.
Evaluation and validation of a patient-reported quality-of-life questionnaire for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Stathis Pantelis , Papadopoulos George 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive illness with a profound impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Disease-specific patient-reported HRQoL measures, such as PDQ-39 and its short version PDQ-8, are increasingly used in clinical practice to address the consequences of PD on everyday life. Due to limitations in the content, especially in non-motor symptoms and sleep disturbances of PDQ-8, PDQoL7, a 7-item, short-term, self-reported, PD-specific HRQoL questionnaire was developed.MethodsA representative sample of 60 adults with idiopathic PD completed the PDQoL7 questionnaire and the existing validated PDQ-8 and EQ-5D-5L questionnaires (all in Greek).ResultsPDQoL7 summary index strongly correlated with PDQ-8 (rs = 0.833,P < 0.001) and EQ-5D-5L (rs =  − 0.852,P < 0.001). The correlation between PDQoL7 and EQ-5D-5L was statistically significantly stronger compared to PDQ-8 and EQ-5D-5L (rs =  − 0.852 vs rs =  − 0.789 respectively,P < 0.001). The internal consistency of PDQoL7 was not affected by item deletion (positive item to total correlations: 0.29–0.63). No redundant items (with inter-item correlation coefficients greater than 0.80) were identified. Cronbach’s α for PDQoL7 was comparable to PDQ-8 (0.804 versus 0.799 respectively). As PDQoL7 had three-dimensional structure, omega coefficient analysis confirmed its reliability (omega total: 0.88; omega hierarchical: 0.58).ConclusionsPDQoL7 is an acceptable, easy to use, valid and reliable tool for the determination of HRQoL in PD patients that is potentially more comprehensive than PDQ-8 based on the available evidence. PDQoL7 could allow for a more thorough evaluation of the impact of PD and contribute to guiding healthcare decisions. This will be confirmed in subsequent analysis on larger patient cohorts.
Implementation of an ED surge management platform: a study protocol
Authors: Anaraki Nahid Rahimipour , Jewer Jennifer , Hurley Oliver , Mariathas Hensley H. , Young Christina , Norman Paul , Patey Christopher , Wilson Brenda , Etchegary Holly , Senior Dorothy , Asghari Shabnam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Emergency departments (EDs) around the world are struggling with long wait times and overcrowding. To address these issues, a quality improvement program called SurgeCon was created to improve ED efficiency and patient satisfaction. This paper presents a framework for managing and evaluating the implementation of an ED surge management platform. Our framework builds on the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to structure our approach and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to guide our choice of outcome variables and scalability.

Methods
Four hospital EDs will receive the SurgeCon quality improvement intervention. Using a stepped wedge cluster design, each ED will be randomized to one of four start dates. Data will be collected before, during, and after the implementation of the intervention. RE-AIM will be used to guide the assessment of SurgeCon, and guided by CFIR, we will measure ED key performance indicators (KPI), patient-reported outcomes, and implementation outcomes related to SurgeCon’s scalability, adaptability, sustainability, and overall costs. Participants in this study consist of patients who visit any of the four selected EDs during the study period, providers/staff, and health system managers. A mixed-methods approach will be utilized to evaluate implementation outcomes.

Discussion
This study will provide important insight into the implementation and evaluation techniques to enhance uptake and benefits associated with an ED surge-management platform. The proposed framework bridges research and practice by involving researchers, practitioners, and patients in the implementation and evaluation process, to produce an actionable framework that others can follow. We anticipate that the implementation approach would be generalizable to program implementations in other EDs.

Trial registration
• Name of the registry: ClinicalTrials.gov
• Trial registration number: NCT04789902
• Date of registration: 03/10/2021
Assessment of twist tape thermal performance in heat transfer passive augmentation technique
Authors: Dehankar Prashant B. , Joshi Keshava , Bhosale Vijay A. , Mulik Rishikesh N. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProcessing processes such as petrochemical, refineries, pharmaceutical, thermal, chemical, and integrated chemical industries such as the food, dairy and sugar industries have been widely used for heat exchange. Additional techniques have been used in the formulation of various twist geometry gestures such as helical film, triangular/rectangular/trapezoidal tape, HiTrain wire matrix mould, a novel turbulator with a diameter (p/d), well placed/separated broken twisted tapes, conic splitting, and other geometric tapes are well researched with Reynolds number range 13–500,000 liquid processing solutions such as ethylene glycol and turbine oil respectively. This paper also highlighted the impact of circular holes, rectangular holes, angle of entry, wavy rate and tape size in the optimal temperature parameter such as thermal enhancement factor 1.04–3 varies with Reynolds' number from 100 to 20,000. By test/numerical reading the curved ratio was calculated from 0.25 short lengths to 20 trapezoidal cuts with tape geometry through various reviews. The Jacobean matrix associated to the linear equation is given by,$$\begin{aligned} J\left( X \right) & = \left[ { \begin{array}{*{20}c} {\frac{{\partial f_{1} }}{{\partial T_{2} }}} & {\frac{{\partial f_{1} }}{{\partial T_{4} }}} \\ {\frac{{\partial f_{2} }}{{\partial T_{2} }}} & {\frac{{\partial f_{2} }}{{\partial T_{4} }}} \\ \end{array} } \right] \\ \frac{{\partial f_{1} }}{{\partial T_{2} }} & = - Q_{h } Cp_{h} \\ \frac{{\partial f_{1} }}{{\partial T_{4} }} & = - Q_{c } Cp_{c} \\ \frac{{\partial f_{2} }}{{\partial T_{2} }} & = - Q_{h } Cp_{h} - \left\{ { \frac{{\left[ {U A \left\{ { \left( {T_{1} - T_{4} } \right) - \left( {T_{4} - T_{3} } \right) } \right\}} \right] \left[ { \frac{{\left( {T_{1} - T_{4} } \right)}}{{\left( {T_{2} - T_{3} } \right)}} } \right] ^{2 } }}{{\ln \left[ {\frac{{\left( {T_{1} - T_{4} } \right)}}{{\left( {T_{2} - T_{3} } \right)}}} \right] ^{2 } }}} \right\}. \\ \end{aligned}$$

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Compared to a blank tube, the heat transfer rate and the friction factor improved by 20% when using full-length tapes y = 2.5, and NNu increased 9 times to y = 3.125. There is a 30–40% increase using different twisted tapes. This in-depth study is common use in industrial systems to gain power.
Henna-induced acute hemolysis in an elderly woman: a rare case report from the Maldives
Authors: Dey Rajib Kumar , Latheef Ali Abdulla , Imad Hisham Ahmed , Murad Moosa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency is the most common enzymopathy in the world with a high prevalence in people of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and Mediterranean region. Being an X-linked recessive disorder, majority of the patients are males, and women get affected only if they are homozygous or double heterozygous for G6PD mutants. These patients are usually asymptomatic and present with an acute episode of hemolytic anemia when exposed to certain medications, chemicals, infections, fava beans, or any oxidative stress.

Case presentation
Here, we report a rare case of acute hemolytic anemia in an elderly woman following exposure to henna. On evaluation, she was found to be G6PD-deficient. We postulate that with increasing age, there is an increase in the amount of skewing about 70–90% in women above 70 years old which may lead to hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients.

Conclusion
We advise all healthcare workers to keep a close eye and screen for G6PD deficiency in all elderly women presenting with acute hemolytic anemia.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor Outcomes in Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer Carrying Germline Pathogenic Variants in DNA Repair–Related Genes
Authors: Bruno Luisina , Ostinelli Alexis , Waisberg Federico , Enrico Diego , Ponce Carolina , Rivero Sergio , Blanco Albano , Zarba Martín , Loza Martín , Fabiano Verónica , Amat Mora , Pombo María Teresa , Noro Laura , Chacón Matías , Coló Federico , Chacón Reinaldo , Nadal Jorge , Nervo Adrián , Costanzo Victoria 
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE In recent years, unprecedented benefits have been observed with the development of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and 6 inhibitors for the treatment of hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative metastatic breast cancer. However, there is scarce evidence of their value in specific populations, such as patients carrying germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair–related genes. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively studied the efficacy of CDK 4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative advanced breast cancer. Three cohorts were compared, including patients harboring germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair–related genes (g BRCA1/2- ATM- CHEK2 mutated), those tested without these mutations (wild type [WT]), and the nontested subgroup. Relevant prognostic factors including age, metastatic site (visceral v nonvisceral), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, and prior treatment with CDK 4/6 inhibitors were stratified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. RESULTS Among the total population (n = 217), 15 (6.9%) patients carried g BRCA1/2 (n = 10)- ATM (n = 4)- CHEK2 (n = 1) pathogenic variants, 45 (20.7%) were WT, and 157 (72.4%) were nontested. Gene pathogenic variant carriers were younger ( P < .001). Most patients (164, 75.6%) had not received prior endocrine therapy in the advanced setting. Median progression-free survival was shorter in patients with evaluated germline pathogenic variants (10.2 months [95% CI, 5.7 to 14.7]), compared with WT and nontested patients (15.6 months [95% CI, 7.8 to 23.4], and (17.6 months [95% CI, 12.9 to 22.2]; P = .002). Consistently, a worse median overall survival was observed in the subgroup with germline pathogenic variants than in the WT group ( P = .006). Multivariable analysis showed that mutation status was an independent prognostic factor of progression-free survival ( P = .020) and overall survival ( P = .012). CONCLUSION In this retrospective real-world study, g BRCA1/ 2- ATM-CHEK2 pathogenic variants were independently associated with poor outcomes in patients with advanced breast cancer treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Influence of particle size on agglomeration and spatial distribution in unitary and binary dust systems
Authors: Tang H. Y. , Qi H. Y. , Liu Y. , Li B. X. , Tang X. J. , Shi G. N. , Huang F. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The effects of particle size on the agglomeration and spatial distribution of dust particles in unitary and binary dusty systems were experimentally studied. The agglomeration process of dust particles was characterized by direct micrograph image and the evolution of scattered light as time. The fractal dimension and average particle area in the steady state of the dust system changing as height were used to show the spatial distribution of dust particles. It shows that the binary system formed by dust particles with different sizes has more obvious agglomeration and the distribution range of particle size is wider.
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination and Graves’ Disease: A Report of 12 Cases and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chee Ying Jie , Liew Huiling , Hoi Wai Han , Lee Yingshan , Lim Brenda , Chin Han Xin , Lai Ray Tian Rui , Koh Yunqing , Tham Michelle , Seow Cherng Jye , Quek Zhi Han , Chen Abel Weiliang , Quek Timothy Peng Lim , Tan Alvin Wai Kit , Dalan Rinkoo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Context and objective
Thyroid autoimmunity has been reported to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination recently. We report a series of patients who presented with new onset or relapse of Graves’ disease-related hyperthyroidism shortly after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine at a single tertiary institution in Singapore.

Methods and results
We describe 12 patients who developed hyperthyroidism within a relatively short interval (median onset, 17 [range, 5-63] days) after receiving the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. The majority were females (11/12) with median age of 35.5 (range, 22-74) years. Six patients had new-onset hyperthyroidism, whereas the other 6 had relapse of previously well-controlled Graves’ disease. TSH receptor antibody concentrations ranged from 2.4 to 32 IU/L. The majority of the patients were able to go for the second dose of the vaccine without any further exacerbations. Literature review revealed 21 other similar cases reported from across the world.

Conclusion
Our case series provides insight into the characteristics of individuals in whom Graves’ disease was triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Clinicians need to be vigilant of precipitation or exacerbation of autoimmune thyroid disorders in predisposed individuals after exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Further epidemiological and mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the possible associations between the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the development of thyroid autoimmunity.
RAS pathway regulation in melanoma
Authors: Al Mahi Amira , Ablain Julien 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Activating mutations in RAS genes are the most common genetic driver of human cancers. Yet, drugging this small GTPase has proven extremely challenging and therapeutic strategies targeting these recurrent alterations have long had limited success. To circumvent this difficulty, research has focused on the molecular dissection of the RAS pathway to gain a more-precise mechanistic understanding of its regulation, with the hope to identify new pharmacological approaches. Here, we review the current knowledge on the (dys)regulation of the RAS pathway, using melanoma as a paradigm. We first present a map of the main proteins involved in the RAS pathway, highlighting recent insights into their molecular roles and diverse mechanisms of regulation. We then overview genetic data pertaining to RAS pathway alterations in melanoma, along with insight into other cancers, that inform the biological function of members of the pathway. Finally, we describe the clinical implications of RAS pathway dysregulation in melanoma, discuss past and current approaches aimed at drugging the RAS pathway, and outline future opportunities for therapeutic development.
Feasibility of an intervention for increasing moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in primary school physical education: a study protocol
Authors: WONG Lan Sum , Muirhead Fiona , Powell Emma , Woodfield Lorayne A , Stewart Cameron , Reilly John J 
Published: March 2022

Background: Most primary school Physical Education (PE) has relatively little health-enhancing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). - A promising theory and evidence-based intervention, the ‘SHARP Principles’ model, has been effective in making PE lessons more active in one area of England. This protocol paper explains the rationale for use of the SHARP intervention, and the methods used to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a version of SHARP translated for use in Scotland (SHARP Scotland). Methods: The feasibility of SHARP Scotland will be evaluated by key areas of focus for feasibility studies: Acceptability, Implementation, Integration, Limited Efficacy Testing. A combination of process measures, including observations, session delivery records, accelerometry-data collection, questionnaires, and semi-structured qualitative focus groups with teachers and pupils will be used. The feasibility and suitability of the SHARP Scotland intervention for a future Randomised Control Trial (RCT) will be assessed. The study will involve children from 8-11 years old (Primary 4 to 6) in two schools, one large urban school, and one smaller school; four classes will be randomly assigned to the intervention group, and four classes randomly assigned to the usual-care (standard curriculum) control group. Within the 8-week intervention, MVPA in the intervention group will be targeted by encouraging class teachers to deliver their PE classes in more active ways, following SHARP Principles. A maximum of 64 PE lessons delivered in a SHARP way will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Discussion: The outcome of this study will be an assessment of whether applying the SHARP intervention is feasible in Scottish schools. Identification of any modifications to the intervention or evaluation which are required will provide insight for a fully powered effectiveness trial in the future, if appropriate.