bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAPK15 protects from oxidative stress‐dependent cellular senescence by inducing the mitophagic process
Authors: Franci Lorenzo , Tubita Alessandro , Bertolino Franca Maria , Palma Alessandro , Cannino Giuseppe , Settembre Carmine , Rasola Andrea , Rovida Elisabetta , Chiariello Mario 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMitochondria are the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whose aberrant production by dysfunctional mitochondria leads to oxidative stress, thus contributing to aging as well as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Cells efficiently eliminate damaged mitochondria through a selective type of autophagy, named mitophagy. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of the atypical MAP kinase family member MAPK15 in cellular senescence, by preserving mitochondrial quality, thanks to its ability to control mitophagy and, therefore, prevent oxidative stress. We indeed demonstrate that reduced MAPK15 expression strongly decreases mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, while increasing mitochondrial ROS levels. We show that MAPK15 controls the mitophagic process by stimulating ULK1‐dependent PRKN Ser108 phosphorylation and inducing the recruitment of damaged mitochondria to autophagosomal and lysosomal compartments, thus leading to a reduction of their mass, but also by participating in the reorganization of the mitochondrial network that usually anticipates their disposal. Consequently, MAPK15‐dependent mitophagy protects cells from accumulating nuclear DNA damage due to mitochondrial ROS and, consequently, from senescence deriving from this chronic DNA insult. Indeed, we ultimately demonstrate that MAPK15 protects primary human airway epithelial cells from senescence, establishing a new specific role for MAPK15 in controlling mitochondrial fitness by efficient disposal of old and damaged organelles and suggesting this kinase as a new potential therapeutic target in diverse age‐associated human diseases.
The prevalence of familial vesicoureteric reflux in infants with normal antenatal scans
Authors: Singhal Nidhi , Gopal Milan , Ali Alaa , McGlade Fiona , Ahmed Imran , Harkensee Christian , Gittins Nicola , Senasi Ramdas , Peace Richard , Athiraman Naveen , Tse Yincent 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of familial vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) by studying the outcomes of screening in a contemporary cohort of newborns with normal antenatal kidney scans.MethodsA review of screening outcomes in newborns with a first degree relative with VUR, normal antenatal scans and no prior urine infections between 2014–2019 at three maternity units in the North East of England was conducted. Imaging consisted of micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) in all and renal tract ultrasound scan (RUS) routinely in two units and by clinician preference in one unit.ResultsAt a median age of 59 days, 265 infants underwent MCUG. High‐grade VUR (Grades 3–5) was detected in 13 (4.9%) and low‐grade VUR (Grades 1–2) in 24 (9.1%). In the 152 infants who had a RUS, abnormalities were detected in 21 (13.8%). An abnormal postnatal RUS has a low positive predictive value (14.3%) for high‐grade VUR, but a normal RUS has a high negative predictive value (95.4%).ConclusionCompared to historical cohorts from two decades ago, the yield from familial VUR screening is low and unjustifiable in the setting of normal antenatal anomaly scans.
The effect of environmental noise isolation on bronchiolitis severity in hospitalised children
Authors: Ziv Noa , Zagon‐Rogel Michal , Waisman Yehezkel , Rom Eran , Attias Joseph , Krause Irit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimBronchiolitis is an infectious disease, with no effective treatment. Music and Mozart's works specifically are known to have a positive effect on physiological parameters, while noise is considered harmful. We aim to evaluate the short‐term effect of environmental noise detachment and/or music listening on the course of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children.MethodsThis is a prospective, double‐blinded randomised controlled trial. Patients were divided into three intervention groups: 1‐Mozart's Sonata, 2‐instrumental music, 3‐silence. Music was heard via media players and soundproof headphones. Disease severity was evaluated before and after intervention using the Modified Tal score.ResultsSeventy music sessions were included in the analysis (Mozart n = 23, instrumental n = 22, silence n = 25). A one‐point drop in the average bronchiolitis severity score was observed in all three groups from 7.1 (CI 95%, 5 to 9.2) to 6.1 (CI 95%, 4.3 to 7.9), p < 0.001. No significant difference was found between the three groups with respect to change in the severity score before and after the intervention.ConclusionIsolation from disturbing sounds heard in paediatric departments could be considered a simple non‐invasive intervention in children hospitalised with bronchiolitis. Further studies are warranted to evaluate long‐term effects of this intervention and the specific effect of music.
Main outcomes from the first 2 years of France's screening programme for neonatal permanent hearing loss through a descriptive study
Authors: Doncarli Alexandra , Tillaut Hélène , Akkari Mohamed , Baladi Blandine , Creutz‐Leroy Margaux , Parodi Marine , Beltzer Nathalie , Goulet Véronique , Regnault Nolwenn 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the implementation of France's neonatal hearing loss screening programme  years after its launch, and to estimate permanent bilateral neonatal hearing loss (PBNHL) prevalence and distribution by severity.MethodsThis descriptive study used aggregated regional data on all births in France in 2015–2016. Screening coverage, refusal rate, positive predictive value (PPV), proportion of children with suspected PBNHL, PBNHL prevalence and distribution by severity were calculated.ResultsEight hundred thousand neonates were eligible for the screening programme per year. Between 2015 and 2016, screening coverage increased (83.3% vs. 93.8%; p < 0.001), and the refusal rate remained stable (0.1%). In 2016, when considering the additional tests performed several weeks after birth, the proportion of suspected PBNHL neonates decreased (1.4% vs. 0.9%) while the PPV increased (4.7% vs. 7.6%). In 2015, the estimated prevalence of PBNHL (moderate to profound) was 0.09% (95% CI 0.08–0.10). Among neonates with >= 41 decibels deficit, 56.8%, 16.6%, and 26.6% had moderate, severe and profound hearing loss, respectively.ConclusionThe national target of 90% screening coverage was exceeded. The additional test could be useful to avoid overcrowding in diagnostic structures. Diagnostic data quality must be improved to confirm PBNHL prevalence and distribution by severity.
Horizon effects and adverse selection in health insurance markets
Authors: Darmouni Olivier , Zeltzer Dan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper highlights the idea that increasing the length of insurance contracts can reduce adverse selection in health insurance markets while preserving community rating. Private health insurance contracts in the United States have short, one‐year terms, even though health risks may be serially correlated. Intuitively, because risk is mean‐reverting, longer contracts allow for pooling of risk within individuals over time, as opposed to just across individuals with traditional short‐term contracts. In equilibrium, such horizon effects lead to lower premiums and greater coverage. The mechanism depends on two key conditions. First, the pooling of risk within individuals is the greatest when mean reversion in risk is intermediate. Second, two‐sided commitment is present to preserve community rating. Counterfactual analysis using administrative claims data illustrates that a simple reform that implements two‐year instead of one‐year contracts could increase equilibrium coverage and yield non‐trivial welfare gains on net, in spite of restricting consumer choice.
Factors affecting abnormal triggering with non‐invasive ventilators: A before‐and‐after study
Authors: Xu Zhaoning , Sheng Dongqin , Jiao Kefan , Zhang Chi , Hao Junping , Ma Dedong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionAbnormal triggering of non‐invasive ventilator (NIV) is the main reason for increasing the possibility of patient intolerance and directly affecting the treatment effect.ObjectiveTo investigate factors that affect abnormal triggering of NIV.MethodsThirty health volunteers from August 2018 to August 2019 were recruited. Two kinds of NIVs, Curative Flexo ST30 and Resmed Stellar™ 150, were selected, with S/T mode, respiratory rate of 10 bpm and inspiration time of 1.0 s. Every volunteer received ventilation in two ventilators, five oxygen flows (5/10/15/20/25 L/min), five support pressures (independent inspired positive airway pressure/expired positive airway pressure [IPAP/EPAP]: 8/4; 10/4; 12/4; 16/6; 20/8 cm H2O), two oxygen injection sites (proximal to the mask or the ventilator) and three masks (Curative: Bestfit™; Resmed: Mirage Quattro Full Face Mask™; Zhongshan: ZS‐MZ‐A™) for 60 min, respectively.ResultsAll factors mentioned above affected normal triggering. With the increase of oxygen flow and support pressure, the frequency of auto‐triggering and ineffective‐triggering increased (P < 0.05). For Curative Flexo ST30 ventilator, when the oxygen injection site was proximal to the ventilator, the frequency of auto‐triggering and ineffective‐triggering is significantly lower than when it was proximal to the mask, whereas the result in Resmed Stellar™ 150 is totally different (P < 0.05).ConclusionWhen using Curative Flexo ST30 ventilator, the oxygen injection site should be proximal to the ventilator, whereas Resmed Stellar™ 150 ventilator is just the opposite. Attention should be paid to the effectiveness of ventilators when oxygen flow and support pressure settings are high, as abnormal triggers occur more frequently. Choosing the suitable mask is also important.
Who cares about winning?
Authors: Baron‐Schmitt Nathaniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhy do we so often care about the outcomes of games when nothing is at stake? There is a paradox here, much like the paradox of fiction, which concerns why we care about the fates and threats of merely fictional beings. I argue that the paradox threatens to overturn a great deal of what philosophers have thought about caring, severing its connection to value and undermining its moral weight. I defend a solution to the paradox that draws on Kendall Walton's solution to the paradox of fiction, developing his idea that it be extended to games. The solution takes games to involve make‐believe: in particular, players and spectators make‐believe that the outcome of the game matters. I also explore how the phenomenon extends beyond games. And I explore some moral implications: in particular, my view preserves the idea that we have reason not to impede others in their pursuit of what they care about.
Mechanical thrombectomy failure in anterior circulation strokes: Outcomes and predictors of favorable outcome
Authors: Marnat Gaultier , Gory Benjamin , Sibon Igor , Kyheng Maeva , Labreuche Julien , Boulouis Grégoire , Liegey Jean‐Sebastien , Caroff Jildaz , Eugène François , Naggara Olivier , Consoli Arturo , Mazighi Mikael , Maier Benjamin , Richard Sebastien , Denier Christian , Turc Guillaume , Lapergue Bertrand , Bourcier Romain ,   Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeDespite continuous improvement and growing knowledge in the endovascular therapy of large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS), mechanical thrombectomy (MT) still fails to obtain satisfying intracranial recanalization in 10% to 15% of cases. However, little is known regarding clinical and radiological outcomes among this singularly underexplored subpopulation undergoing failed MT. We aimed to investigate the outcome after failed MT and identify predictive factors of favorable outcome despite recanalization failure.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients prospectively included in the ongoing observational multicenter Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke registry from January 2015 to September 2020. Patients presenting with anterior circulation LVOS treated with MT but experiencing failed intracranial recanalization defined as final modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) score of 0, 1 and 2a were included. Clinical and radiological outcomes were assessed along with the exploration of predictive factors of Day‐90 favorable outcome.ResultsThe study population comprised 533 patients. Mean age was 68.8 ± 16 years, and median admission National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) were 17 (IQR 12–21) and 7 (IQR 5–8), respectively. Favorable outcomes were observed in 85 patients (18.2%) and 186 died (39.0%). The rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was 14.1%. In multivariable analysis, younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.98, p < 0.001), a lower admission NIHSS (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.83–0.91, p < 0.001), a lower number of MT passes (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.77–0.87, p < 0.001), a lower delta ASPECTS between initial and Day‐1 imaging (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.71–0.98, p = 0.026) and stroke etiology [significant difference among etiological subtypes (p = 0.024) with a tendency toward more favorable outcomes for dissection (OR 2.01, 95% CI 0.71–5.67)] were significantly associated with a 90‐day favorable outcome.ConclusionsIn this large retrospective analysis of a multicenter registry, we quantified the poor outcome after MT failure. We also identified factors associated with favorable outcome despite recanalization failure that might influence therapeutic management.
Concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin are increased in serum and peritoneal fluid from horses with inflammatory abdominal disease and non‐strangulating intestinal infarctions
Authors: Winther Malou F. , Haugaard Simon L. , Pihl Tina H. , Jacobsen Stine 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) is produced in response to inflammation in horses, but it has not yet been investigated as a biomarker in horses with the abdominal disease.ObjectivesTo investigate NGAL in serum and peritoneal fluid in horses with the abdominal disease.Study designRetrospective clinical study.MethodsData from medical records of 270 horses admitted with acute abdominal disease (simple obstructions [n = 43], strangulating obstructions [n = 104], inflammatory abdominal disease [n = 99], non‐strangulating intestinal infarction [NSII, n = 24]) and 9 healthy control horses were reviewed, and serum and peritoneal fluid samples were retrieved from a biobank. NGAL was measured in serum and peritoneal fluid by ELISA. Differences in NGAL concentrations between groups were assessed.ResultsHealthy horses had low serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of NGAL (median = 21.0 and 9.5 μg/L, respectively). Neither serum nor peritoneal fluid NGAL concentrations (median serum, peritoneal fluid) differed between healthy horses and horses with simple (28.1 μg/L, 13.0 μg/L) and strangulating intestinal obstructions (34.7 μg/L, 38.4 μg/L). Horses with NSII (308.0 μg/L, 2163.0 μg/L) and inflammatory abdominal disease (171.1 μg/L, 314.1 μg/L) had higher serum and peritoneal fluid concentrations of NGAL than the other groups (p < 0.001). Peritoneal fluid NGAL concentrations in horses with NSII were higher than in horses with inflammatory abdominal disease (p = 0.03).Main limitationsRetrospective study design; small group of control horses.ConclusionsNGAL is a marker of inflammation in horses with the abdominal disease. The high peritoneal fluid concentration of NGAL in horses with NSII compared to all other groups may render NGAL useful for identifying this condition, which is otherwise difficult to differentiate from other types of peritonitis. Thereby, NGAL may potentially facilitate timely surgical intervention in this group of patients. The results of this study must be evaluated in larger, and preferably prospective, studies to obtain a more comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic utility of NGAL.
Examining the linkages between marital quality and anxiety: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Postler Kaicee Beal , Helms Heather M. , Anastopoulos Arthur D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examines the associations between marital quality and anxiety using meta‐analytic techniques. A total of k = 151 effects published between the years 2000 and 2019 were analyzed. It was hypothesized that better overall marital quality would be associated with less anxiety. Results showed significant associations between marital quality and anxiety in such a way that higher overall marital quality was associated with lower anxiety. Post hoc analyses revealed that higher levels of positive marital behaviors (e.g., communication and intimacy) and fewer negative marital behaviors (e.g., criticism) were associated with lower anxiety. Additional results examined potential moderators of the association between marital quality and anxiety, including study design, direction of longitudinal associations (i.e., marital quality predicting anxiety or vice versa), gender, assessment of anxiety, and the use of control variables to account for comorbidities and demographic factors. Findings from this study provide a comprehensive review of the associations between marital quality and anxiety, which may be used to inform future research and treatment.
Bayesian method for estimating initial crack size distribution for probabilistic risk analysis of repairable structural details
Authors: Lee Dooyoul , Lim Dongin , Kim Hwasoo , Baek Seil 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA Bayesian method for estimating the initial crack length distribution is proposed for probabilistic risk analysis (PRA) of repaired structural details. Non‐informative prior is updated using a likelihood function, which is constructed using inspection capability, structural geometry, and material properties. The likelihood function based on the equivalent initial flaw size method was used for the left tail to avoid calculating the small‐crack growth. The right tail was estimated based on the inspection capability and the maximum possible crack length. The proposed method alleviates the difficulties in selecting the initial crack‐length distribution parameters. As an application, the KT‐1 aircraft risk after the repair was analyzed. The PRA was conducted using the initial crack length distribution estimated via the proposed method. The result was compared with the conventional lognormal initial crack‐length distribution.
The impact of Sino–US trade friction on the performance of China's textile and apparel industry
Authors: Ye Maosheng , Shen Jim H. , Golson Eric , Lee Chien‐Chiang , Li Yuting 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study applies the event‐analysis method and takes three Chinese listed textile and apparel companies that are representative of the upstream, midstream, and downstream of the textile value chain as research objects. By tracking the Baidu index trend of the keyword “trade war” to identify the ‘time window’ for each iconic event, we apply the autoregressive distributed lag approach to examine the impact of important landmark events on the performance of these companies during the period of Sino–US trade friction in 2018. We find that the impact diminished over time. Additionally, compared with upstream companies, midstream and downstream companies were hurt more. However, the risks were generally controllable.
Corporate investment and the exchange rate: The financial channel
Authors: Banerjee Ryan , Hofmann Boris , Mehrotra Aaron 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCurrency depreciation dampens corporate investment through a financial channel. Using firm‐level data for 16 major economies, we find that depreciation reduces investment by interacting with firm leverage. The finding is consistent with predictions from a stylized model of credit risk in which the exchange rate affects credit supply and investment when firms borrow in foreign currency, or in local currency from foreign lenders. Empirically, the channel is significantly more pronounced in emerging market economies (EMEs), reflecting greater dependence on foreign funding and less developed financial systems. Our findings suggest that the depreciation of EME currencies since 2011 probably contributed in a significant way to the investment slowdown in these economies.
Surgeon volume and risk of deep surgical site infection following open reduction and internal fixation of closed ankle fracture
Authors: Zhu Yanbin , Chen Wei , Qin Shiji , Zhang Qi , Zhang Yingze 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing evidences have shown that surgeon volume was associated with postoperative complications or outcomes in a variety of orthopaedics surgeries, but few were focused on ankle fractures. This study aimed to investigate the deep surgical site infection (DSSI) in association with the surgeon volume following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of ankle fractures. This was a retrospective analysis of the prospectively collected data on patients who underwent ORIF for acute closed ankle fractures between October 2014 and June 2020. Surgeon volume was defined as the number of ORIF procedures performed within 12 months preceding the index operation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to determine the optimal cut‐off value, whereby surgeon volume was dichotomized as high or low. The outcome was DSSI within 1 year postoperatively. Multivariate logistics analysis was performed to examine the DSSI in association with surgeon volume and multiple sensitivity/subgroup analyses were performed to refine the findings. Among 1562 patients, 33 (2.1%) developed a DSSI. The optimal cut‐off value was 7/year. Low‐volume (<7/year) was significantly associated with a 5.0‐fold increased risk of DSSI (95%CI, 2.2‐11.3; P < .001). Sensitivity/subgroup analyses restricted to patients aged <65 years, with or without concurrent fractures, with unimalleolar fractures, bi‐ or trimalleolar fractures, receiving ORIF within 14 days and those operated by ≥10‐year experience surgeons showed the consistently significant results (ORs, 2.7‐6.8, all P < .05). The surgeon volume of <7 cases/year is associated with an increased risk of DSSI. It is more feasible that patients with complex fractures or conditions (eg, bi‐ and trimalleolar or presence of concurrent fractures) are preferentially directed to high‐volume and experienced surgeons.