bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement ecology of vulnerable lowland tapirs between areas of varying human disturbance
Authors: Medici E. P. , Mezzini S. , Fleming C. H. , Calabrese J. M. , Noonan M. J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Animal movement is a key ecological process that is tightly coupled to local environmental conditions. While agriculture, urbanisation, and transportation infrastructure are critical to human socio-economic improvement, these have spurred substantial changes in animal movement across the globe with potential impacts on fitness and survival. Notably, however, human disturbance can have differential effects across species, and responses to human activities are thus largely taxa and context specific. As human disturbance is only expected to worsen over the next decade it is critical to better understand how species respond to human disturbance in order to develop effective, case-specific conservation strategies.

Methods
Here, we use an extensive telemetry dataset collected over 22 years to fill a critical knowledge gap in the movement ecology of lowland tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) across areas of varying human disturbance within three biomes in southern Brazil: the Pantanal, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest.

Results
From these data we found that the mean home range size across all monitored tapirs was 8.31 km2 (95% CI 6.53–10.42), with no evidence that home range sizes differed between sexes nor age groups. Interestingly, although the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Pantanal vary substantially in habitat composition, levels of human disturbance, and tapir population densities, we found that lowland tapir movement behaviour and space use were consistent across all three biomes. Human disturbance also had no detectable effect on lowland tapir movement. Lowland tapirs living in the most altered habitats we monitored exhibited movement behaviour that was comparable to that of tapirs living in a near pristine environment.

Conclusions
Contrary to our expectations, although we observed individual variability in lowland tapir space use and movement, human impacts on the landscape also had no measurable effect on their movement. Lowland tapir movement behaviour thus appears to exhibit very little phenotypic plasticity in response to human disturbance. Crucially, the lack of any detectable response to anthropogenic disturbance suggests that human modified habitats risk being ecological traps for tapirs and this information should be factored into conservation actions and species management aimed towards protecting lowland tapir populations.
Pediatric sleep outcomes after endoscopy-directed simultaneous lingual tonsillectomy and epiglottopexy
Authors: Maksimoski Matthew , Maurrasse Sarah E. , Hoff Stephen R. , Lavin Jennifer , Valika Taher , Thompson Dana M. , Ida Jonathan B. 
Published: March 2022

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sleep endoscopy-directed simultaneous lingual tonsillectomy and epiglottopexy in patients with sleep disordered breathing (SDB), including polysomnography (PSG) and swallowing outcomes. Methods A retrospective review was performed of all patients undergoing simultaneous lingual tonsillectomy and epiglottopexy over the study period. PSG objective measures were recorded pre- and postoperatively, along with demographic data, comorbidities, and descriptive data of swallowing dysfunction in the postoperative setting. Results A total of 24 patients met inclusion criteria for consideration, with 13 having valid pre- and postoperative PSG data. Successful surgery was achieved in 84.6% of patients, with no difference based on presence of medical comorbidities including Trisomy 21. Median reduction in obstructive apnea–hypopnea index (oAHI) with the procedure was 69.9%. Four patients (16.7%) had postoperative concern for dysphagia, but all objective swallowing evaluations were normal and no dietary modifications were necessary. Conclusion Combination lingual tonsillectomy and epiglottopexy in indicated patients has a high rate of success in this single-institutional study without new dysphagia in this population. These procedures are amenable to a combination surgery in appropriately selected patients determined by sleep state endoscopy in the setting of SDB evaluated with drug-induced sleep endoscopy. Graphical Abstract
Consumers’ adverse drug event reporting via community pharmacists: three stakeholder perception
Authors: Kitisopee Tanattha , Assanee Jirunya , Sorofman Bernard A. , Watcharadmrongkun Suntaree 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Adverse drug event (ADE) reporting is a significant process to increase consumer care and consumer safety associated with the use of medicines. An in-depth investigation into low ADE reporting by consumers and community pharmacists was undertaken to uncover interventions to improve reporting.

Method
In-depth interviewing of the three parties; consumers, pharmacists and employees of the Pharmacovigilance Center in Thailand, was used to collect the data. They were interviewed about ADE reporting experiences and contributing factors and problems of ADE reporting. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the results.

Result
The HPVC received few ADE reports from consumers. Most community pharmacists received ADE reports from consumers; however, the Pharmacovigilance Center received few ADE reports from community pharmacists. ADE reporting of community pharmacists and consumers were influenced by many factors which were categorized into four themes which were (1) “Cognition” (awareness, attitude and responsibility); (2) “Reporting process” (complication, competency, information deficiency, feedback, and resource); (3) “Inducer” (service orientation, acquaintanceship, motivation, severity level, regulatory and reward); and (4) “Obstacle” (doubt, belief and prosecution).

Conclusion
Health professionals should motivate consumers to report ADEs. Building social responsibility and benefits and increasing knowledge of reporting process, channels, and system to both community pharmacists and consumers were recommended. Providing rewards and making community pharmacists feel comfortable to report ADEs by simplifying the ADE form and providing training, guidelines, and an ADR assessment tool can drive them to report ADEs. Feedback to consumers by confirming whether it was ADE and feedback to pharmacists that the Pharmacovigilance Center received their reports and their reports were utilized were also important.
Robot-assisted transhiatal lower esophagectomy and proximal gastrectomy for Siewert type II advanced esophagogastric junction cancer with situs inversus totalis: a case report
Authors: Katano Kaoru , Inaki Noriyuki , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Saito Hiroto , Shimada Mari , Terai Shiro , Okamoto Koichi , Moriyama Hideki , Kinoshita Jun , Nakamura Keishi , Ninomiya Itasu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is a rare congenital abnormality in which the thoracic and abdominal organs are reversed or mirrored from their usual positions. We herein report the first case of robot-assisted transhiatal lower esophagectomy and proximal gastrectomy with esophagogastrostomy for treatment of Siewert type II advanced esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancer with SIT.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old man with SIT and intestinal malrotation was diagnosed with T3N0M0 Stage IIA EGJ cancer. Three-dimensional reconstruction of a computed tomography angiogram showed that the common hepatic artery was absent, the proper hepatic artery was derived from the superior mesenteric artery through the gastroduodenal artery, and an accessary left hepatic artery arose from the left gastric artery. The patient underwent robot-assisted transhiatal lower esophagectomy and proximal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection, including lower mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Intraoperative examination revealed minor vascular abnormalities, including three branches of the left gastric artery and two left gastric veins, that had not been recognized preoperatively. The surgery was performed safely, and the patient had an uneventful postoperative course.

Conclusions
Robotic-assisted surgery is efficient even for complex conditions, such as Siewert type II advanced EGJ cancer with SIT.
Relationships between barley consumption and gut microbiome characteristics in a healthy Japanese population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Matsuoka Tsubasa , Hosomi Koji , Park Jonguk , Goto Yuka , Nishimura Mao , Maruyama Satoko , Murakami Haruka , Konishi Kana , Miyachi Motohiko , Kawashima Hitoshi , Mizuguchi Kenji , Kobayashi Toshiki , Yokomichi Hiroshi , Kunisawa Jun , Yamagata Zentaro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Barley contains abundant soluble beta-glucan fibers, which have established health benefits. In addition, the health benefits conferred by the gut bacteria have attracted considerable interest. However, few studies have focused on the barley consumption and gut bacteria of the Japanese population. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationship between the barley consumption and gut bacteria composition of the Japanese population.

Methods
In total, 236 participants were recruited in Japan, and 94 participants with no complications of diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia were selected for the study. We analyzed fecal samples from the participants, their medical check-up results, and responses to questionnaires about dietary habits. The participants were grouped according to their median barley consumption. Then, we assessed the relative abundance of 50 genera. Characteristic bacteria were evaluated for their relationship with barley consumption by multiple regression analysis, adjusted for disease and dietary habits, in all participants. We also analyzed the networks and clustering of the 20 selected genera.

Results
According to the comparison between barley groups, Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Collinsella, Ruminococcus 2, and Dialister were characteristic candidate bacterias of the group that consumed large amounts of barley (P < 0.05). The relationship between barley consumption and Bifidobacterium remained after adjusting for disease and dietary habits, and that of Butyricicoccus remained after adjusting for disease. Furthermore, network and cluster analyses revealed that barley consumption was directly correlated with Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus.

Conclusions
Barley consumption generates changes in the intestinal bacteria of the Japanese population. We found that Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus abundance was positively associated with barley consumption.
Stressed portfolio optimization with semiparametric method
Authors: Han Chuan-Hsiang , Wang Kun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTail risk is a classic topic in stressed portfolio optimization to treat unprecedented risks, while the traditional mean–variance approach may fail to perform well. This study proposes an innovative semiparametric method consisting of two modeling components: the nonparametric estimation and copula method for each marginal distribution of the portfolio and their joint distribution, respectively. We then focus on the optimal weights of the stressed portfolio and its optimal scale beyond the Gaussian restriction. Empirical studies include statistical estimation for the semiparametric method, risk measure minimization for optimal weights, and value measure maximization for the optimal scale to enlarge the investment. From the outputs of short-term and long-term data analysis, optimal stressed portfolios demonstrate the advantages of model flexibility to account for tail risk over the traditional mean–variance method.
“This is not how we talk about race anymore”: approaching mixed race in Australia
Authors: Fozdar Farida 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiscussions about how to talk about race are ubiquitous among academics seeking to balance the recognition that race is a social construct with the very real effects of racial stratification. Naming race is seen as potentially reifying it, but ignoring it invisiblises its effects. Pathologising, celebratory and critical approaches to talking about mixed race can all be found in how mixedness is talked about in Australia (among the public and in scholarly work), and there are differences depending on whether mixedness is Indigenous or migrant. Using my experience of being challenged for speaking too positively about the experience of being mixed in Australia, and a Facebook discussion about Census categories, this paper explores the ways in which mixed race is talked about (and not talked about) in Australia. It argues that we can’t move ‘beyond race’ before actually acknowledging it, something Australia has been very reticent to do, due to its race-based history of colonisation, immigration, and Indigenous child removals. Acknowledging race would enable diversity, and mixedness, to be counted, and therefore to ‘count’, in a context where multiculturalism provides a socio-political environment somewhat supportive of diversity, but where actual measurement is limited. It is argued that acknowledging race may be a necessary intermediate step on the road beyond race, and, for that matter, nation.
Cardiovascular toxicities of androgen deprivation therapy in Asian men with localized prostate cancer after curative radiotherapy: a registry-based observational study
Authors: Li Youquan , Ong Whee Sze , Shwe Ma Than Than , Yit Nelson Ling Fung , Quek Sheriff Zhan Hong , Pang Eric Pei Ping , Looi Wen Shen , Nei Wen Long , Wang Michael Lian Chek , Chua Melvin Lee Kiang , Tan Terence Wee Kiat , Chua Eu Tiong , Ng Choon Ta , Tuan Jeffrey Kit Loong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) are the mainstay treatment for localized prostate cancer and recurrence after surgery. Cardiovascular (CV) toxicity of ADT is increasingly recognized, and the risk relates to pre-existing risk factors and ADT modalities. Despite ethnic differences in the prevalence of CV risk factors and variations of CV mortality, data on ADT-related cardiotoxicities in the Asian population remain inconclusive. Our registry-based study investigated ADT-related major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) after primary or salvage RT.MethodsOur study combined two prospectively established registry databases from National Cancer Center Singapore and National Heart Center Singapore. The primary endpoint is time to first MACE after treatment. MACE is defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, unstable angina, or cardiovascular death. Two types of propensity score adjustments, including ADT propensity score as a covariate in the multivariable regression model and propensity score weighting, were applied to balance baseline features and CV risk factors between RT alone and RT + ADT groups.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2019, 1940 patients received either RT alone (n = 494) or RT + ADT (n = 1446) were included. After a median follow-up of 10 years (RT) and 7.2 years (RT+ ADT), the cumulative incidence of MACE at 1, 3 and 9 years was 1.2, 5 and 16.2% in RT group, and 1.1, 5.2 and 17.6% in RT + ADT group, respectively. There were no differences in the incidence of MACE between 2 groups (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.78–1.30,p = 0.969). Pre-treatment CV risk factors were common (80%), and CV disease (15.9%) was the second leading cause of death after prostate cancer (21.1%). On univariate analysis, older age, Indians and Malays, pre-existing CV risk factors, and history of MACE were associated with higher MACE risk. After propensity score adjustments, there remained no significant differences in MACE risk between RT + ADT and RT group on multivariable analysis.ConclusionsIn our registry-based study, ADT is not associated with increased risk of major cardiovascular events among Southeast Asian men with prostate cancer after curative radiotherapy.
Cannabinoids in the management of behavioral, psychological, and motor symptoms of neurocognitive disorders: a mixed studies systematic review
Authors: Bahji Anees , Breward Natasha , Duff Whitney , Absher Nafisa , Patten Scott B. , Alcorn Jane , Mousseau Darrell D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aim
We undertook this systematic review to determine the efficacy and safety of cannabis-based medicine as a treatment for behavioral, psychological, and motor symptoms associated with neurocognitive disorders.

Methods
We conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review to identify studies using cannabis-based medicine to treat behavioral, psychological, and motor symptoms among individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD). We considered English-language articles providing original data on three or more participants, regardless of design.

Findings
We identified 25 studies spanning 1991 to 2021 comprised of 14 controlled trials, 5 pilot studies, 5 observational studies, and 1 case series. In most cases, the cannabinoids tested were dronabinol, whole cannabis, and cannabidiol, and the diagnoses included AD (n = 11), PD (n = 11), and HD (n = 3). Primary outcomes were motor symptoms (e.g., dyskinesia), sleep disturbance, cognition, balance, body weight, and the occurrence of treatment-emergent adverse events.

Conclusions
A narrative summary of the findings from the limited number of studies in the area highlights an apparent association between cannabidiol-based products and relief from motor symptoms in HD and PD and an apparent association between synthetic cannabinoids and relief from behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia across AD, PD, and HD. These preliminary conclusions could guide using plant-based versus synthetic cannabinoids as safe, alternative treatments for managing neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurocognitive vulnerable patient populations.
Azolla pinnata as unconventional feeds for ruminant feeding
Authors: El Naggar Soad , El-Mesery Hany S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to the scarcity of concentrate and green fodder and its high prices in animal feeding, the quest for readily available and inexpensive alternative sources has become critical for breeders seeking to minimize the cost of animal production. Azolla is an invasive plant that grows faster in freshwater lakes, rivers, wetlands, and ditches in both temperate and tropical countries by a few precautionary steps with low production costs. It can modify biodiversity and aquatic ecosystems substantially. Azolla has a symbiotic relationship with the nitrogen-fixing blue-green alga Anabaena azollae, which increases the protein content of Azolla, making it one of the greatest alternative feed ingredients as a source of protein, with 25–30% protein, 7–10% amino acids, vitamins (Beta Carotene, vitamin A, vitamin B12), minerals (calcium, potassium, phosphorus, ferrous, magnesium, copper, etc.), and antioxidants. Several studies showed that Azolla can be fed to animals like cow, buffalo, sheep, goat and rabbit because it is easily digestible (because to its high protein and low lignin content), increases feed efficiency, average daily gain of animals, and milk production by 15–20%. Therefore, the present review was aimed to show the possibility of using Azolla as a source of alternative low-cost protein and its impact on animal efficiency.
Chemoinformatic design and profiling of some derivatives of 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole as potential dengue virus NS-5 inhibitors
Authors: Adawara Samuel Ndaghiya , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Mamza Paul Andrew , Abdulkadir Ibrahim 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is spreading rapidly, especially in the subtropical and tropical regions, placing a huge percentage of the global population at risk and causing repeated outbreaks. DENV protease inhibition has been suggested as a viable therapeutic strategy. Using a computer-aided design approach and the structure-based drug design approach, ten 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole derivatives were designed based on the lead template (34) from our prior study. The design involved the substitution at the phenyl pharmacophore of the lead with methylamine, hydroxyl, and methoxy groups. To compare the anti-DENV efficacy of the optimized designed compounds to the template and other DENV referenced inhibitors targeting the NS-5 protease (PDB ID: 5K5M), they were docked with the DENV NS-5 protease. In silico, ADME characteristics and drug-likeness were also assessed for the compounds.

Results
The molecular docking scores of the designed 1, 2, 4-oxadiazole derivatives varied from − 19.091 to − 29.61 kcal/mol, with excellent hydrogen bond energies in the range of − 3.402 to − 9.0128 kcal/mol, compared to the lead with a score of − 19.10 kcal/mol, and the hydrogen bond energy is − 3.10 kcal/mol, both of which are lower than those of the proposed compounds. Ferentinide, S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine, and Ribavirin were found to have lower binding scores of − 15.8137, − 16.5362, and − 12.446 kcal/mol, respectively, with hydrogen bond energies of − 4.2659, − 10.4372, and − 7.2995 kcal/mol. The developed compounds all followed Lipinski's criteria, meaning they were highly bioavailable, had no potential carcinogenic or mutagenic properties, and posed no concern of cardiovascular toxicity based on the ADMET profile.

Conclusion
The proposed oxadiazole derivative interacted better with DENV protease (NS-5) than the lead inhibitor as well as the conventional inhibitors. Compounds 34a and 34b had the best ligand-protease interaction and gave the lowest free energy at − 26.54 and − 29.612 kcal/mol, respectively. Hence, they could be suggested as potential therapeutic candidates to inhibit NS-5 RdRp protease. This study has revealed the anti-DENV action of the designed compounds, indicating that synthesis and in vivo studies into their efficacy and mechanism are warranted.
The synergy between food and agri-food suppliers, and the restaurant sector in the World Heritage City of Córdoba (Spain)
Authors: Meneguel Cinthia Rolim de Albuquerque , Hernández-Rojas Ricardo David , Mateos Manuel Rivera 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe tourist-catering subsector plays an important role in the consolidation and attraction of tourism products and services offered. This research aims to ascertain the importance of synergies, and proactive collaborative and co-operational relations between agri-food suppliers and the restaurants. This is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive methodology, data source triangulation, information processing using NVIVO12 software. This study identifying that the city of Córdoba offers a variety of gastronomic products and services, and that the supply sector is semi-structured and still in need of improvements of quality, safety and having a wider commercial network. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, suppliers have reinvented themselves and created new market opportunities to benefit from rapid growth in some sectors; furthermore, they are in a position to offer restaurants a competitive advantage in post-pandemic recovery.