bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vector bundles on flag varieties
Authors: Du Rong , Fang Xinyi , Gao Yun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study vector bundles on flag varieties over an algebraically closed field k. In the first part, we suppose to be the Grassmannian parameterizing linear subspaces of dimension d in , where k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic . Let E be a uniform vector bundle over G of rank . We show that E is either a direct sum of line bundles or a twist of the pullback of the universal subbundle or its dual by a series of absolute Frobenius maps. In the second part, splitting properties of vector bundles on general flag varieties in characteristic zero are considered. We prove a structure theorem for bundles over flag varieties which are uniform with respect to the ith component of the manifold of lines in . Furthermore, we generalize the Grauert–Mlich–Barth theorem to flag varieties. As a corollary, we show that any strongly uniform i‐semistable bundle over the complete flag variety splits as a direct sum of special line bundles.
Efficacy of Omaveloxolone in Friedreich's Ataxia: Delayed‐Start Analysis of the MOXIe Extension
Authors: Lynch David R. , Chin Melanie P. , Boesch Sylvia , Delatycki Martin B. , Giunti Paola , Goldsberry Angie , Hoyle J. Chad , Mariotti Caterina , Mathews Katherine D. , Nachbauer Wolfgang , O'Grady Megan , Perlman Susan , Subramony S.H. , Wilmot George , Zesiewicz Theresa , Meyer Colin J. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMOXIe was a two‐part study evaluating the safety and efficacy of omaveloxolone in patients with Friedreich's ataxia, a rare, progressive neurological disease with no proven therapy. MOXIe part 2, a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial, showed omaveloxolone significantly improved modified Friedreich's Ataxia Rating Scale (mFARS) scores relative to placebo. Patients who completed part 1 or 2 were eligible to receive omaveloxolone in an open‐label extension study.ObjectiveThe delayed‐start study compared mFARS scores at the end of MOXIe part 2 with those at 72 weeks in the open‐label extension period (up to 144 weeks) for patients initially randomized to omaveloxolone versus those initially randomized to placebo.MethodsWe performed a noninferiority test to compare the difference between treatment groups (placebo to omaveloxolone versus omaveloxolone to omaveloxolone) using a single mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) model. In addition, slopes of the change in mFARS scores were compared between both groups in the open‐label extension.ResultsThe noninferiority testing demonstrated that the difference in mFARS between omaveloxolone and placebo observed at the end of placebo‐controlled MOXIe part 2 (−2.17 ± 1.09 points) was preserved after 72 weeks in the extension (−2.91 ± 1.44 points). In addition, patients previously randomized to omaveloxolone in MOXIe part 2 continued to show no worsening in mFARS relative to their extension baseline through 144 weeks.ConclusionsThese results support the positive results of MOXIe part 2 and indicate a persistent benefit of omaveloxolone treatment on disease course in Friedreich's ataxia. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Deep learning‐based Accelerated and Noise‐Suppressed Estimation (DANSE) of quantitative Gradient‐Recalled Echo (qGRE) magnetic resonance imaging metrics associated with human brain neuronal structure and hemodynamic properties
Authors: Kahali Sayan , Kothapalli Satya V. V. N. , Xu Xiaojian , Kamilov Ulugbek S. , Yablonskiy Dmitriy A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to introduce a Deep learning‐based Accelerated and Noise‐Suppressed Estimation (DANSE) method for reconstructing quantitative maps of biological tissue cellular‐specific, R2t*, and hemodynamic‐specific, R2’, metrics of quantitative gradient‐recalled echo (qGRE) MRI. The DANSE method adapts a supervised learning paradigm to train a convolutional neural network for robust estimation of R2t* and R2’ maps with significantly reduced sensitivity to noise and the adverse effects of macroscopic (B0) magnetic field inhomogeneities directly from the gradient‐recalled echo (GRE) magnitude images. The R2t* and R2’ maps for training were generated by means of a voxel‐by‐voxel fitting of a previously developed biophysical quantitative qGRE model accounting for tissue, hemodynamic, and B0‐inhomogeneities contributions to multigradient‐echo GRE signal using a nonlinear least squares (NLLS) algorithm. We show that the DANSE model efficiently estimates the aforementioned qGRE maps and preserves all the features of the NLLS approach with significant improvements including noise suppression and computation speed (from many hours to seconds). The noise‐suppression feature of DANSE is especially prominent for data with low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR ~ 50–100), where DANSE‐generated R2t* and R2’ maps had up to three times smaller errors than that of the NLLS method. The DANSE method enables fast reconstruction of qGRE maps with significantly reduced sensitivity to noise and magnetic field inhomogeneities. The DANSE method does not require any information about field inhomogeneities during application. It exploits spatial and gradient echo time‐dependent patterns in the GRE data and previously gained knowledge from the biophysical model, thus producing high quality qGRE maps, even in environments with high noise levels. These features along with fast computational speed can lead to broad qGRE clinical and research applications.
Effects of a grocery shopping intervention designed to improve diet adherence in diabetes: a randomized trial
Authors: Anzman‐Frasca Stephanie , McGovern Lily , Ferrante Mackenzie J. , Drozdowsky Julia , Epstein Leonard H. , Hollis‐Hansen Kelseanna , Lassetter Lindsay , Leone Lucia A. , Tan Sherey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to examine the potential of an optimal‐defaults intervention to promote grocery purchases corresponding to a diet for diabetes.MethodsIn total, 65 adults diagnosed with or at increased risk for type 2 diabetes who grocery shopped at one of two study stores were randomized to one of three groups: Defaults, Online, or Control. All groups received diabetes‐friendly recipes. In addition, the Online group was asked to grocery shop online during a 3‐week intervention, and the Defaults group was asked to shop online, with their online grocery carts prefilled with food items needed to prepare provided recipes. Participants provided weekly grocery receipt data at baseline, at each week of the 3‐week intervention, and at post‐intervention.ResultsOverall, the Defaults group had grocery purchases of a significantly greater nutritional quality versus other groups (F = 16.3, p < 0.001). Between‐group comparisons of least‐squares means showed consistent effects of the Defaults intervention while intervention components were in place, with a similar pattern for energy and carbohydrate content of grocery purchases.ConclusionsThese results build upon emerging evidence that optimal defaults can promote healthier grocery purchases. Continued examination of this approach could promote healthy food acquisition in accordance with individual dietary preferences and needs.
Tailoring thermal and thermomechanical properties of biobased blends by hybridization of difuran benzoxazine with polysiloxane‐based benzoxazine and epoxy monomers
Authors: Forchetti Casarino Agustín , Taverna María Eugenia , Candia Adriana , Spontón Marisa Elisabet , Palmese Giuseppe Raffaello , La Scala John , Estenoz Diana Alejandra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA difuran bio‐based benzoxazine (SA‐dfda) was synthesized by a three‐stage process from difurandiamine (DFDA) and 2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde with a final yield of 90%. Three copolymer systems were prepared by blending the difuran bio‐resin with epoxy resin (DGEBA), conventional benzoxazine (BA‐a), and polysiloxane‐based benzoxazine precursor [Pr(BA‐3aptms)] at different ratios. In order to study the effect of the renewable content on the main characteristics of the materials, thermal, thermomechanical, and morphological analyses were performed. The bio‐based benzoxazine/epoxy systems exhibited the lowest polymerization temperature with enhanced processability. However, the incorporation of epoxy slightly decreased the mechanical properties of materials. Bio‐based copolymers containing 5 wt%. of polysilsesquioxane precursor showed the highest glass transition temperatures, thermal stability, and char yields. All the copolymers exhibited good flame retardant properties as it was observed by their limiting oxygen index values (>21) and UL‐94 tests (V‐0 or V‐1). The copolymerization of bio‐based benzoxazines with different thermoset resins such as epoxy or benzoxazines can be used as a strategy to develop novel materials with tailor‐made properties.
Isolation of single circulating trophoblasts from maternal circulation for noninvasive fetal copy number variant profiling
Authors: Doffini Anna , Forcato Claudio , Mangano Chiara , Lattuada Debora , Aversa Roberta , Maranta Chiara , Giovannone Emilia D. , Buson Genny , Bolognesi Chiara , Maiocchi Rebecca , Dori Martina , Jamal Liyana , Ahmad Raidah B. , Yeo George S. H. , Yeo Tai Wai , Saragozza Silvia , Silipigni Rosamaria , Serafini Marta , Biondi Andrea , Perego Sofia , Vergani Patrizia , Ferrazzi Enrico , Ricciardi‐Castagnoli Paola , Musci Thomas J. , Grati Francesca Romana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a multi‐step workflow for the isolation of circulating extravillous trophoblasts (cEVTs) by describing the key steps enabling a semi‐automated process, including a proprietary algorithm for fetal cell origin genetic confirmation and copy number variant (CNV) detection.MethodsDetermination of the limit of detection (LoD) for submicroscopic CNV was performed by serial experiments with genomic DNA and single cells from Coriell cell line biobank with known imbalances of different sizes. A pregnancy population of 372 women was prospectively enrolled and blindly analyzed to evaluate the current workflow.ResultsAn LoD of 800 Kb was demonstrated with Coriell cell lines. This level of resolution was confirmed in the clinical cohort with the identification of a pathogenic CNV of 800 Kb, also detected by chromosomal microarray. The mean number of recovered cEVTs was 3.5 cells per sample with a significant reverse linear trend between gestational age and cEVT recovery rate and number of recovered cEVTs. In twin pregnanices, evaluation of zygosity, fetal sex and copy number profiling was performed in each individual cell.ConclusionOur semi‐automated methodology for the isolation and single‐cell analysis of cEVTS supports the feasibility of a cell‐based noninvasive prenatal test for fetal genomic profiling.
Sorption and other properties of polytetrafluoroethylene/cellulose composite aerogels
Authors: Baskakov Sergey A. , Baskakova Yuliya V. , Krasnikova Svetlana S. , Kabachkov Eugene N. , Kapustyanskaya Maria A. , Dremova Nadezhda N. , Milovich Filipp O. , Shulga Yury M. , Wang Xiaowu , Li Zhi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene/cellulose composite aerogels containing PTFE from 0 to 40 wt.% were obtained by drying the corresponding suspension mixtures at a temperature of 50°C. Cellulose isolated from the stem of Sosnowski hogweed was used as the main component of the aerogels. In present work, the composite aerogels were heated in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 370°C to partially hydrophobize cellulose and remove surfactants that were present in the initial PTFE suspension. It was found that at this temperature, the thermal degradation of cellulose proceeded differently in the presence and absence of PTFE. The maximum water contact angle (156°) was obtained for the sample with 10 wt.% PTFE. Hydrophobized samples of aerogels were studied with the help of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and powder x‐ray diffractometry and tested as sorbents for various solvents. It was found that the volume of solvent absorbed by the aerogel, in the case of a sample with a PTFE content of 40 wt.%, can even exceed the initial volume of the absorber.
Impact of elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor on bacterial colonization and inflammatory responses in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Sheikh Shahid , Britt Rodney D. , Ryan‐Wenger Nancy A. , Khan Aiman Q. , Lewis Brandon W. , Gushue Courtney , Ozuna Hazel , Jaganathan Devi , McCoy Karen , Kopp Benjamin T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease with progressive deterioration. Recently, CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapies were introduced that repair underlying protein defects. Objective of this study was to determine the impact of elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ETI) on clinical parameters and inflammatory responses in people with CF (pwCF).MethodsLung function (FEV1), body mass index (BMI) and microbiologic data were collected at initiation and 3‐month intervals for 1 year. Blood was analyzed at baseline and 6 months for cytokines and immune cell populations via flow cytometry and compared to non‐CF controls.ResultsSample size was 48 pwCF, 28 (58.3%) males with a mean age of 28.8 ± 10.7 years. Significant increases in %predicted FEV1 and BMI were observed through 6 months of ETI therapy with no change thereafter. Changes in FEV1 and BMI at 3 months were significantly correlated (r = 57.2, p < 0.01). There were significant reductions in Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus positivity (percent of total samples) in pwCF through 12 months of ETI treatment. Healthy controls (n = 20) had significantly lower levels of circulating neutrophils, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐17A and higher levels of IL‐13 compared to pwCF at baseline (n = 48). After 6 months of ETI, pwCF had significant decreases in IL‐8, IL‐6, and IL‐17A levels and normalization of peripheral blood immune cell composition.ConclusionsIn pwCF, ETI significantly improved clinical outcomes, reduced systemic pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and restored circulating immune cell composition after 6 months of therapy.
Oxygen‐insensitive nitroreductase E. coliNfsA, but not NfsB, is inhibited by fumarate
Authors: Day Martin A. , Jarrom David , Rajah Navina , Searle Peter F. , Hyde Eva I. , White Scott A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEscherichia coli NfsA and NfsB are founding members of two flavoprotein families that catalyze the oxygen‐insensitive reduction of nitroaromatics and quinones by NAD(P)H. This reduction is required for the activity of nitrofuran antibiotics and the enzymes have also been proposed for use with nitroaromatic prodrugs in cancer gene therapy and biocatalysis, but the roles of the proteins in vivo in bacteria are not known. NfsA is NADPH‐specific whereas NfsB can also use NADH. The crystal structures of E. coli NfsA and NfsB and several analogs have been determined previously. In our crystal trials, we unexpectedly observed NfsA bound to fumarate. We here present the X‐ray structure of the E. coli NfsA‐fumarate complex and show that fumarate acts as a weak inhibitor of NfsA but not of NfsB. The structural basis of this differential inhibition is conserved in the two protein families and occurs at fumarate concentrations found in vivo, so impacting the efficacy of these proteins.
Efficacy of frankincense‐based herbal product in urinary incontinence: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐ and active‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Karbalaiee Mahbubeh , Daneshpajooh Azar , Khanjani Narges , Sohbati Samira , Mehrabani Mehrnaz , Mehrbani Mehrzad , Mehrabani Mitra 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUrinary incontinence is a silent epidemic that has a serious impact on a person's quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of frankincense‐based herbal product (FHP) in urinary incontinence compared with placebo and solifenacin. In this randomized, double‐blind clinical trial, 120 postmenopausal women with mixed urinary incontinence were randomized to one of the three groups of FHP, placebo, and standard treatment (solifenacin). Frequency, amount of leakage, and score of urinary incontinence as well as the QOL were measured at the end of the second and fourth weeks and 2 weeks after the interruption of the treatment. The ICIQ‐UI SF and I‐QOL questionnaires were used for the measurements. Mean frequency of urinary incontinence and amount of leakage significantly decreased in the FHP and solifenacin groups in the fourth week compared to the placebo group. In addition, 2 weeks after treatment completion, the effects of the FHP were significant compared to the solifenacin group. Due to the effect of FHP on improving the QOL and also the prolonged effect of this drug, the use of FHP in urinary incontinence, as a complementary treatment could be suggested.
Asiaticoside hampers epithelial–mesenchymal transition by promoting PPARG expression and suppressing P2RX7‐mediated TGF‐β/Smad signaling in triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Huang Xuemei , Jia Zhiqin , Li Xiangyue , Hu Zhilan , Yu Xiaolan , Xia Jiyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10–20% of all human ductal adenocarcinomas and has a poor prognosis relative to other subtypes because of its high propensity to develop metastases. Here, the anticancer effects of asiaticoside (AC) against TNBC and the possible underlying mechanism were examined. We found that AC inhibited the TGF‐β1 expression and the SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in TNBC cells, thereby impairing the TGF‐β/SMAD signaling. AC inhibited the migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TNBC cells by suppressing the TGF‐β/SMAD signaling. Meanwhile, AC inhibited the lung metastasis of TNBC cells in vivo and the expression of p‐SMAD2/3 and vimentin, and increased the expression of E‐cadherin and ZO‐1 in the lung. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) was identified as a potential target of AC. AC increased PPARG expression, while PPARG knockdown attenuated the therapeutic effect of AC. AC‐mediated PPARG overexpression suppressed the transcription of P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2RX7). The restoration of P2RX7 reversed the therapeutic effect of AC. These results suggested that AC blocked P2RX7‐mediated TGF‐β/SMAD signaling by increasing PPARG expression, thereby suppressing EMT in TNBC.
Acute lung injury after balloon pulmonary angioplasty results in a similar haemodynamic response and possible clinical advantage at follow‐up
Authors: Rodgers Matthew S. , Kirkby Louise C. , Amaral‐Almeida Liliana , Sheares Karen , Toshner Mark , Taboada Dolores , Ng Choo , Cannon John E. , D'Errico Luigia , Ruggiero Alessandro , Screaton Nicholas , Jenkins David , Coghlan John G. , Pepke‐Zaba Joanna , Hoole Stephen P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a common but poorly defined and understood complication of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Little data are available on the medium term clinical outcomes of BPA complicated by ALI. We analyzed per‐procedure data from 282 procedures in 109 patients and per‐patient data from 85 patients. Serial right heart catheterization at baseline, after each BPA and at 3‐month follow‐up measured pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), and cardiac output (CO). ALI (ALI+) was identified by chest radiography alone (ALIr+) or in association with hypoxia clinically (ALIcr+). Procedural predictors of ALI and patient outcomes at 3‐months were compared no ALI (ALI−). ALI+ occurred in 17/282 (6.0%) procedures (ALIcr+: 2.5%, ALIr+: 3.5%). Prevailing haemodynamics (PVR: p < 0.01; mPAP: p < 0.05) at a procedural and patient level, as well as number of BPA sessions (p < 0.01), total number of vessels (p < 0.05), and occlusions (p < 0.05) treated at a patient level predicted ALI+. Those with ALI had greater percentage improvement in ΔCAMPHOR symptoms score (ALI+: −63.5 ± 35.7% (p < 0.05); ALIcr+: −84.4 ± 14.5% (p < 0.01); ALI−: −27.2 ± 74.2%) and ΔNT‐proBNP (ALIcr+: −78.4 ± 11.9% (p < 0.01); ALI−: −42.9 ± 36.0%) at follow‐up. There was no net significant difference in haemodynamic changes in ALI+ versus ALI− at follow‐up. ALI is predicted by haemodynamic severity, number of vessels treated, number of BPA sessions, and treating occlusive disease. ALI in this cohort was associated with a clinical advantage at follow‐up.
Robust self‐triggered control for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems with state constraints under DoS attacks
Authors: Cuan Zhaoyang , Ding Da‐Wei , An Cuijuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is concerned with the event‐based control problem for nonlinear cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) with state constraints. A novel security control strategy with a self‐triggered mechanism is developed to decrease the network communication loads to the most extent on the basis of ensuring system safety and stability. The maximum capability of the designed self‐triggered mechanism to resist denial‐of‐service attacks occurring in controller‐actuator and sensor‐controller channels synchronously is analyzed. In particular, we prove that the security control strategy can guarantee the safety and stability of the CPSs without resulting in Zeno behavior. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the prominent effectiveness and the advantages over the existing results.
An exact solution approach for the mobile multi‐agent sensing problem
Authors: Kim Gwang , Lee Jongmin , Moon Ilkyeong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMulti‐agent systems are generally applicable in various fields and aim to coordinate the decisions from agents, each of which makes a local decision. In particular, research on operations management with mobile multi‐agents such as drones has gained prominence in recent years. In this article, we present a mobile multi‐agent sensing problem, which is formulated as a submodular maximization problem under a partition matroid constraint. When events detected by agents lead to severe and catastrophic consequences, obtaining (near)‐optimal solutions by using exact algorithms is crucial to reducing the probability of harmful situations. Therefore, in this article we propose an exact solution approach, using two valid inequalities for our problem to find a (near)‐optimal solution. Moreover, we deal with the risk‐averse decision and its cutting‐plane algorithm for our problem, which is to maximize conditional value‐at‐risk (CVaR). Finally, we show the performance of our algorithms through numerical experiments, including a case study on forest fires.