bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association analysis reveals a novel QTL CsPC1 for pericarp color in cucumber
Authors: Huang Hongyu , Yang Qinqin , Zhang Lidong , Kong Weiliang , Wang Huizhe , Wei Aimin , Du Shengli , Yang Ruihuan , Li Jiawang , Lin Tao , Geng Xiaolin , Li Yuhe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundCucumber is an important melon crop in the world, with different pericarp colors. However, the candidate genes and the underlying genetic mechanism for such an important trait in cucumber are unknown. In this study, a locus controlling pericarp color was found on chromosome 3 of cucumber genome.ResultsIn this study, the light green inbred line G35 and the dark green inbred line Q51 were crossed to produce one F2population. Consequently, we identified a major locusCsPC1(Pericarp color 1). Next, we mapped theCsPC1locus to a 94-kb region chromosome 3 which contains 15 genes. Among these genes,Csa3G912920, which encodes a GATA transcription factor, was expressed at a higher level in the pericarp of the NIL-1334 line (with light-green pericarp) than in that of the NIL-1325 line (with dark-green pericarp). This study provides a new allele for the improvement of cucumber pericarp color.ConclusionA major QTL that controls pericarp color in cucumber,CsPC1, was identified in a 94-kb region that harbors the strong candidate geneCsGATA1.
Identification and validation of a major QTL for kernel length in bread wheat based on two F3 biparental populations
Authors: Xie Xinlin , Li Shuiqin , Liu Hang , Xu Qiang , Tang Huaping , Mu Yang , Deng Mei , Jiang Qiantao , Chen Guoyue , Qi Pengfei , Li Wei , Pu Zhien , Ahsan Habib  , Wei Yuming , Zheng Youliang , Lan Xiujin , Ma Jian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
High yield and quality are essential goals of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding. Kernel length (KL), as a main component of kernel size, can indirectly change kernel weight and then affects yield. Identification and utilization of excellent loci in wheat genetic resources is of great significance for cultivating high yield and quality wheat. Genetic identification of loci for KL has been performed mainly through genome-wide association study in natural populations or QTL mapping based on genetic linkage map in high generation populations.

Results
In this study, an F3 biparental population derived from the cross between an EMS mutant BLS1 selected from an EMS-induced wheat genotype LJ2135 (derived from the hybrid progeny of a spelt wheat (T. spelta L.) and a common wheat) mutant bank and a local breeding line 99E18 was used to rapidly identify loci controlling KL based on Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) and the wheat 660 K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The highest ratio of polymorphic SNPs was located on chromosome 4A. Linkage map analysis showed that 33 Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR markers were linked to the QTL for KL (Qkl.sicau-BLE18-4A) identified in three environments as well as the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) dataset. This QTL explained 10.87—19.30% of the phenotypic variation. Its effect was successfully confirmed in another F3 population with the two flanking markers KASP-AX-111536305 and KASP-AX-110174441. Compared with previous studies and given that the of BLS1 has the genetic background of spelt wheat, the major QTL was likely a new one. A few of predicted genes related to regulation of kernel development were identified in the interval of the detected QTL.

Conclusion
A major, novel and stable QTL (Qkl.sicau-BLE18-4A) for KL was identified and verified in two F3 biparental populations across three environments. Significant relationships among KL, kernel width (KW) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were identified. Four predicted genes related to kernel growth regulation were detected in the interval of Qkl.sicau-BLE18-4A. Furthermore, this study laid foundation on subsequent fine mapping work and provided a possibility for breeding of elite wheat varieties.
Transcriptome sequencing reveals the differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in response to cold acclimation and cold stress in Pomacea canaliculata
Authors: Xiao Qi , Lin Youfu , Li Hong , Chen Yu , Wei Wei , Li Peng , Chen Lian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Tolerance of low temperature has a significant impact on survival and expansion of invasive snail Pomacea canalicuata. Cold acclimation can enhance cold tolerance of Pomacea canalicuata. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of P. canaliculata’s responses to cold acclimation and cold stress, a high-throughput transcriptome analysis of P. canaliculata was performed, and gene expression following artificial cold acclimation and then cold stress at 0 °C for 24 h was compared using RNA sequencing.

Results
Using the Illumina platform, we obtained 151.59 G subreads. A total of 5,416 novel lncRNAs were identified, and 3166 differentially expressed mRNAs and 211 differentially expressed lncRNAs were screened with stringent thresholds. The potential antisense, cis and trans targets of lncRNAs were predicted. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis showed that many target genes were involved in proteasome, linoleic acid metabolism and retinol metabolism under cold acclimation. The lncRNA of P. canaliculata could participate in cold acclimation by regulating the expression of E3 ubiquitin protein ligase, 26S proteasome non-ATPase dependent regulation subunit, glutathione S-transferase, sodium/glucose cotransporter and cytochrome P450.

Conclusions
These results broaden our understanding of cold acclimation and cold stress associated lncRNAs and mRNAs, and provide new insights into lncRNA mediated regulation of P. canaliculata cold acclimation and cold stress response.
Molecular characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistant isolates from HIV- and HIV+ tuberculosis patients in Russia
Authors: Panova Anna E. , Vinokurov Anatoliy S. , Shemetova Anastasiya A. , Burmistrova Irina A. , Shulgina Marina V. , Samoilova Anastasiya G. , Vasilyeva Irina A. , Vakhrusheva Diana V. , Umpeleva Tatiana V. , Eremeeva Nataliya I. , Lavrenchuk Leonid S. , Golubeva Lyudmila A. , Danilova Tatiana I. , Vasilyeva Tatiana B. , Ugol’kova Vera A. , Sosova Nataliya V. , Lekhlyaider Marina V. , Gorshkova Irina A. , Romanova Tatiana A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
High burden of drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) is a significant threat to national TB control programs all over the world and in the Russian Federation. Different Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) genotypes are hypothesized to have specific characteristics affecting TB control programs. For example, Beijing strains are supposed to have higher mutation rates compared to strains of other genotypes and subsequently higher capability to develop drug-resistance.

Results
Clinical MTB isolates from HIV- and HIV+ patients from four regions of Russia were analyzed for genotypes and mutations conferring resistance to Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Analysis of genotypes and polymorphism of genomic loci according to the HIV status of the patients – sources of MTB isolates were performed. Studied MTB isolates from HIV- TB patients belonged to 15 genotypes and from HIV + TB patients – to 6 genotypes. Beijing clinical isolates dominated in HIV- (64,7%) and HIV+ (74,4%) groups. Other isolates were of LAM (including LAM1 and LAM9), Ural, and 4 minor groups of genotypes (including 5 subclones T). The spectrum of genotypes in the HIV- group was broader than in the HIV+ group. PR of B0/W148 Beijing was significantly lower than of other Beijing genotypes in susceptible and MDR-XDR isolates. Rates of isolates belonging to non-Beijing genotypes were higher than Beijing in susceptible isolates from HIV- patients.

Conclusions
Beijing genotype isolates prevailed in clinical isolates of all drug susceptibility profiles both from HIV- and HIV+ patients, although B0/W148 Beijing genotype did not dominate in this study. Genome loci and mutations polymorphisms were more pronounced in clinical isolates from HIV- patients, than from HIV+.
Patterns and associated factors of electrocardiographic abnormality among type 2 diabetic patients in Amhara National Regional State Referral Hospitals, Ethiopia: a multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Sinamaw Deresse , Getnet Mihret , Abdulkadir Mohamed , Abebaw Kassa , Ebrahim Mohammed , Diress Mengistie , Akalu Yonas , Ambelu Adugnaw , Dagnew Baye 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases are the most causes of mortality and morbidity among diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are common in the early course of the disease. Little is known about the electrocardiographic abnormalities among type 2 DM patients in Ethiopia. This study determined the overall prevalence, its patterns, and the associated factors of ECG abnormalities among people living with T2DM in Amhara National Regional State referral hospitals, Ethiopia.

Methods
A multicenter institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 01 April to 30 May 2021. A simple random sampling and systematic sampling techniques were employed to select the referral hospitals and study participants, respectively. A digital electrocardiograph was used to measure the ECG parameters and the other data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Epi-data version-4.6 and Stata-14 were used for data entry and statistical analysis, respectively. The descriptive statistics were presented with tables and graphs. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify associated factors of ECG abnormality. In the final model, statistical significance was decided at p≤0.05, and the strength of association was indicated using an adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI.

Results
Two-hundred and fifty-eight participants (response rate = 99.6%) were included for the analysis. The prevalence of overall ECG abnormality was 45% (95% CI: 39, 51%). On the basis of the electrocardiographic patterns, 57 (21.1%; 95% CI: 14.6, 32.6%) were presented with T-wave abnormality, 36 (14%; 95% CI: 10.1, 18.8%) left axis deviation, and 24 (9.3% [6.3, 13.5%]) sinus tachycardia. Higher monthly income (> 90$) (AOR = 0.51 [0.31, 0.83]), over 10 years duration of DM (AOR = 4.5[1.05, 18.94]), hypertension (AOR = 3.9 [1.6, 9.40]), fasting blood sugar of ≥ 130 mg/dl (AOR = 5.01[2.13, 12.20]), and overweight (AOR = 2.65[1.17, 5.98]) were statistically significant factors of overall ECG abnormality.

Conclusions
Nearly, half of the participants had at least one ECG abnormality. Higher-income, prolonged disease duration, hypertension, higher fasting blood sugar, and overweight were significantly associated with ECG abnormality. The findings of this study suggest the need to institute routine ECG screening for all T2DM patients to reduce ECG abnormalities and further complications.
Reduced-port robotic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a single-institute experience
Authors: Wang Chih-Yuan , Chen Yu-Hsien , Huang Ting-Shuo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Reduced-port laparoscopic gastrectomy can potentially reduce postoperative pain and improve recovery time. However, the inherent difficulty caused by the narrow manipulation angle makes this operation difficult, especially during lymph node dissection. The intrinsic advantage of the da Vinci® robotic system might offset this difficulty, maintaining adequate surgical quality with risks of surgical complications equal to those by the conventional four-port robotic approach. The aim of this study was to compare the reduced-port robotic approach and the conventional four-port approach in terms of postoperative pain and short-term surgical outcomes.

Methods
All patients who underwent radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection using the da Vinci Xi robotic system, including reduced-port or conventional four-port approach, were analyzed retrospectively. The primary outcome was postoperative pain assessed using the numerical rating scale (NRS). The secondary outcomes were the number of harvested lymph nodes, operation time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative 30-day complications.

Results
Forty-eight patients were enrolled in the study, 10 cases in the reduced-port and 38 in the conventional four-port group. Postoperative NRS revealed no significant difference between the reduced-port and conventional four-port groups [postoperative day (POD) 1: 4.5 vs. 3, p = 0.047, POD 3: 4 vs. 3, p = 0.178]. After propensity score matching, there were no significant differences in the median number of harvested lymph nodes, operation time, and length of hospital stay between the groups. The postoperative 30-day complications were more frequent in the conventional four-port group, but there was no significant difference compared with the reduced-port group after propensity score matching.

Conclusions
Reduced-port robotic gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection might be comparable to the conventional four-port robotic operation in terms of postoperative pain, surgical quality, and short-term outcomes. However, further studies are required to confirm our results and clarify the advantages of the robotic reduced-port approach.
Central diabetes insipidus secondary to COVID-19 infection: a case report
Authors: Yavari Ali , Sharifan Zahra , Larijani Bagher , Mosadegh Khah Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mainly affects the lungs, but can involve several other organs. The diagnosis of acute and chronic sequelae is one of the challenges of COVID-19. The current literature proposes that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may involve the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In this case report, we present a unique case of new-onset central diabetes insipidus secondary to the COVID-19 disease in a 54-year-old woman.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old woman presented with the history of excessive thirst, polyuria, and polydipsia, six weeks after being infected by COVID-19. Laboratory tests revealed low urine osmolarity and increased serum osmolarity, and the patient was diagnosed with central diabetes insipidus. After administration of nasal desmopressin, urinary osmolarity increased, and the patient's symptoms improved. However, to stabilize her condition, desmopressin treatment was required.

Conclusions
We reported a unique case of diabetes insipidus in a COVID-19 patient. Central diabetes insipidus may be included in clinical manifestations of the COVID-19, in case of new-onset polyuria and polydipsia following COVID-19 disease. Nevertheless, a causal relationship has not been established between the symptoms of the patient and the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Molecular characterization of blaNDM, blaOXA-48, mcr-1 and blaTEM-52 positive and concurrently carbapenem and colistin resistant and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in chicken in Malaysia
Authors: Aklilu Erkihun , Harun Azian , Singh Kirnpal Kaur Banga 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat and the use of antibiotics growth promoters in food animals has been implicated as a potential contributing factor in the emergence and spread of AMR. This study was conducted to investigate colistin and carbapenem resistance and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli from live broiler chicken and chicken meat in Kelantan, Malaysia.

Results
Among the E. coli isolates, 37.5% (27/72 were positive for at least one of the resistance genes and one isolate was positive for mcr-1, blaTEM-52, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 whereas 4.17% (3/72) and 2.78% (2/72) were positive for mcr-1, blaTEM-52 and blaOXA-48, and mcr-1, blaTEM-52 and blaIMP. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) results revealed the presence of widespread E. coli strains belonging to the sequence types ST410 and ST155 and other extra-intestinal E. coli (ExPEC) strains. Phylogroup A made up the majority 51.85% (14/27) followed by phylogroup B1 22.22% (6/27).

Conclusions
The findings imply the potential threats of colistin, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing and carbapenem resistant E. coli in food animals to the public health and underscores the need for judicious use of antibiotics in animal production and good hygiene practices to curb the rising risks of AMR.
Self-redox reaction driven in situ formation of Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets boost the photocatalytic eradication of multi-drug resistant bacteria from infected wound
Authors: Hsu Ya-Ju , Nain Amit , Lin Yu-Feng , Tseng Yu-Ting , Li Yu-Jia , Sangili Arumugam , Srivastava Pavitra , Yu Hui-Ling , Huang Yu-Fen , Huang Chih-Ching , Chang Huan-Tsung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
MXenes with interesting optical and electrical properties have been attractive in biomedical applications such as antibacterial and anticancer agents, but their low photogeneration efficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and poor stability are major concerns against microbial resistance.

Methods
Water-dispersible single layer Ti3C2Tx-based MXene through etching tightly stacked MAX phase precursor using a minimally intensive layer delamination method. After addition of Cu(II) ions, the adsorbed Cu(II) ions underwent self-redox reactions with the surface oxygenated moieties of MXene, leading to in situ formation of Cu2O species to yield Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (heterostructures).

Results
Under NIR irradiation, the Cu2O enhanced generation of electron–hole pairs, which boosted the photocatalytic production of superoxide and subsequent transformation into hydrogen peroxide. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial performance of Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with sharp edges is attributed to the direct contact-induced membrane disruption, localized photothermal therapy, and in situ generated cytotoxic free radicals. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets reduced at least tenfold upon NIR laser irradiation compared to pristine Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. The Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets were topically administrated on the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wounds on diabetic mice.

Conclusion
Upon NIR illumination, Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets eradicated MRSA and their associated biofilm to promote wound healing. The Cu2O/Ti3C2Tx nanosheets with superior catalytic and photothermal properties have a great scope as an effective antimicrobial modality for the treatment of infected wounds.

Graphical Abstract
Identifying behaviours for survival and wellness among people who use methamphetamine with opioids in British Columbia: a qualitative study
Authors: Corser Jenny , Palis Heather , Fleury Mathew , Lamb Jess , Lock Kurt , McDougall Jenny , Mehta Amiti , Newman Cheri , Spence Heather , Buxton Jane A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
British Columbia (BC) has been in a state of public health emergency since 2016, due to the unprecedented numbers of fatal and non-fatal drug toxicity (i.e. overdose) events. Methamphetamine detection in illicit drug toxicity deaths increased from 14% in 2012 to 43% in 2020 suggesting a concerning trend of concurrent methamphetamine and opioid use in BC, consistent with rising patterns identified across North America. People who use methamphetamine concurrently with opioids face an elevated risk of harm. This study aimed to identify behaviours for survival and wellness practiced by people who concurrently use methamphetamine and opioids.

Methods
One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted by peer research assistants in person and by telephone. Thematic analysis was carried out to identify patterns in behaviours participants described as important to their safety in the context of concurrent use of methamphetamine and opioids.

Results
Participants (n = 22) were distributed across the province with at least four participants from each of the five geographic health regions: 64% self-identified as men, and 50% self-identified as Indigenous. Daily methamphetamine use was reported by 72.7% of participants, and 67.3% reported using alone either often or always. Participants made several considerations and adaptations in order to balance the perceived benefits and risks of their use of methamphetamine with opioids. Two overarching themes were identified to describe how participants adapted their use for survival and wellness. The first was personal safety behaviours which included self-regulation and self-care behaviours. The second was interpersonal safety behaviours which included using alongside peers, and engaging with peer-led services (e.g. community outreach organizations) and public health-led services (e.g. overdose prevention sites) to reduce the risk of harm. Participants identified many gaps in available services to meet their diverse needs.

Conclusions
This manuscript identified diversity in participants’ methamphetamine and opioid use (i.e. frequency, route of administration), and a range of behaviours that were performed to improve wellness and survival while using methamphetamine and opioids. Harm reduction and treatment responses must be robust and adaptable to respond to the diversity of patterns of substance use among people who use methamphetamine and opioids concurrently, so as to not perpetuate harm and leave people behind.
A head-to-head comparison of the EQ-5D-3L index scores derived from the two EQ-5D-3L value sets for China
Authors: Zhang Ruo-Yu , Wang Wei , Zhou Hui-Jun , Xuan Jian-Wei , Luo Nan , Wang Pei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Two EQ-5D-3L (3L) value sets (developed in 2014 and 2018) co-exist in China. The study examined the level of agreement between index scores for all the 243 health states derived from them at both absolute and relative levels and compared the responsiveness of the two indices.

Methods
Intraclass correlations coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plot were adopted to assess the degree of agreement between the two indices at the absolute level. Health gains for 29,403 possible transitions between pairs of 3L health states were calculated to assess the agreement at the relative level. Their responsiveness for the transitions was assessed using Cohen effect size.

Results
The mean (SD) value was 0.427 (0.206) and 0.649 (0.189) for the 3L2014 and 3L2018 index scores, respectively. Although the ICC value showed good agreement (i.e., 0.896), 88.9% (216/243) of the points were beyond the minimum important difference limit according to the Bland–Altman plot. The mean health gains for the 29,403 health transitions was 0.234 (3L2014 index score) and 0.216 (3L2018 index score). The two indices predicted consistent transitions in 23,720 (80.7%) of 29,403 pairs. For the consistent pairs, Cohen effective size value was 1.05 (3L2014 index score) or 1.06 (3L2018 index score); and the 3L2014 index score only yielded 0.007 more utility gains. However, the results based on the two measures varied substantially according to the direction and magnitude of health change.

Conclusion
The 3L2014 and 3L2018 index scores are not interchangeable. The choice between them is likely to influence QALYs estimations.