bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic modeling for the masses
Authors: Turner Matthew A. , Smaldino Paul E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe generalizability crisis is compounded, or even partially caused, by a lack of specificity in psychological theories. Expanding the use of mechanistic models among psychologists is therefore important, but faces numerous hurdles. A cultural evolutionary approach can help guide and evaluate interventions to improve modeling efforts in psychology, such as developing standards and implementing them at the institutional level.
Improving the generalizability of infant psychological research: The ManyBabies model
Authors: Visser Ingmar , Bergmann Christina , Byers-Heinlein Krista , Dal Ben Rodrigo , Duch Wlodzislaw , Forbes Samuel , Franchin Laura , Frank Michael C. , Geraci Alessandra , Hamlin J. Kiley , Kaldy Zsuzsa , Kulke Louisa , Laverty Catherine , Lew-Williams Casey , Mateu Victoria , Mayor Julien , Moreau David , Nomikou Iris , Schuwerk Tobias , Simpson Elizabeth A. , Singh Leher , Soderstrom Melanie , Sullivan Jessica , van den Heuvel Marion I. , Westermann Gert , Yamada Yuki , Zaadnoordijk Lorijn , Zettersten Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractYarkoni's analysis clearly articulates a number of concerns limiting the generalizability and explanatory power of psychological findings, many of which are compounded in infancy research. ManyBabies addresses these concerns via a radically collaborative, large-scale and open approach to research that is grounded in theory-building, committed to diversification, and focused on understanding sources of variation.
Becoming an informal care-giver: the role of work status incongruence
Authors: Koreshi Shanika Yoshini , Alpass Fiona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ageing of the workforce suggests that many older adults will be combining work and care. While there is extensive evidence for the impact of informal care-giving on paid employment, there is less research on how work status may influence the provision of informal care. It has also yet to be established whether work preferences may influence the uptake of care-giving responsibilities, particularly for older workers. We investigated the impact of work status congruence on taking up informal care at two-year follow-up. A sample of 1,211 employed participants aged 55–70 years was surveyed over two consecutive waves. Involuntary part-time workers were more likely to provide care at Time 1 than involuntary full-timers, voluntary part-timers and voluntary full-timers. Participants were more likely to take up care if the opportunity costs of doing so were low, however, only for those whose preferences for more work were not met. There were no moderating effects of gender and economic living standards on the relationship between work status incongruence and provision of care-giving. Understanding the decision-making processes older workers undertake when taking up informal care are complex and must consider the influence of personal work preferences. These findings have implications for care and work-based policy given the importance of informal care in sustaining ageing-in-place policies.
Identification of early symptoms and changes in QoL and functioning among men with primary localized prostate cancer who later develop metastases: A matched, prospective study
Authors: Doveson Sandra E. , Holm Maja , Fransson Per , Wennman-Larsen Agneta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo identify early symptoms and changes in QoL among men with primary localized prostate cancer (PC) who later develop metastases.MethodsFrom an ongoing prospective study of 3.885 men with localized PC, primarily treated with radiotherapy (RT), a subsample of men developing metastatic PC (mPC) following the first year after the start of RT and that had died during the follow-up (mPC group,n= 107) were matched against men who did not develop metastases (non-mPC group,n= 214). Data were collected using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and PCSS instruments. Non-parametric tests were performed for comparisons at baseline, end of RT, 3 months, and 1, 2, 3, and 5 years after RT.ResultsThe final sample consists of 317 men (mPCn= 106; non-mPCn= 211) who had completed at least one questionnaire. Initially, symptom levels were generally low and QoL and functioning high in both groups. An increasing difference between the groups was found, where the mPC group gradually deteriorated from the 2-year follow-up. Significant differences were found for several outcomes at 3 and 5 years. In a sensitivity analysis, where metastatic patients were removed from the time-point of verified metastases, most differences did not remain significant. Significant deterioration over time was seen within both groups for some outcomes.Significance of resultsThe results indicate that unmet supportive needs occur over time among these men. Worsening QoL or functioning and symptoms may be difficult to recognize when the development is gradual over several years, and with various access to systematic follow-up in late phases. This highlights the need for continuous monitoring of PC patients to detect needs for supportive interventions early and throughout the disease course, also among those with non-metastatic disease who have undergone curatively intended treatment.
Local advantage in a global context. Competition, adaptation and resilience in textile manufacturing in the ‘periphery’, 1860–1960
Authors: Frederick Katharine , van Nederveen Meerkerk Elise 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the resilience of domestic textile production in Java and sub-Saharan Africa to uncover how local industries coped with the effects of broader global and colonial forces in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. We demonstrate that many domestic handicraft manufacturers managed to survive due to specific competitive advantages. Strategies of product differentiation, responsiveness to shifting consumer needs, and flexibility in manufacturing methods enabled local producers to remain competitive in confrontation with mounting imports from early factories, typically constituting cheap, but lower quality and less unique products. Some local manufacturers could even compete based on price given the very low labour costs associated with seasonally-oriented handicraft production, which raises questions about the extent of the comparative advantage enjoyed by early-industrializing nations in the Global North. The capacity of domestic textile producers to remain competitive amid colonial policies aimed at capturing local markets – and raw cotton sources – highlights not only the importance of product differentiation and the specificity of local demand, but also the agency exercised by both producers and consumers under colonial rule.
Influence of the Lander Size and Shape on the Ballistic Landing Motion
Authors: Zeng X. Y. , Li Z. W. , Wen T. G. , Zhang Y. L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the ballistic landing motion and final distribution of the landers in different sizes or shapes near the small celestial body. Three typical shapes, including cubic, cuboid, and cylindrical, are considered for the landers deployed to a tri‐axial ellipsoid model. The Polygonal Contact Model (PCM) is used to detect the contact/collision, where the Hertz model is applied to calculate the continuous contact force. Different‐sized cubic landers (in the edge length of 20, 30, 40, and 50 cm) are numerically simulated to examine how the lander size influences its dynamics. The landing motion of the cuboid‐ and the cylinder‐shaped landers are then analyzed in the same technique. The heights of these asymmetrical landers are assumed to be 25, 30, and 35 cm, respectively, to illustrate the shape effect. Monte Carlo simulations are implemented for various landers to account for the surface motion randomness. The final dispersion, the outgoing velocity after the collision, the horizontal transfer distance, and the settling time are taken to be critical indicators for discussing the landing behavior, which can provide implications for the probe design of future missions.
Gas Leakage From Shallow Ponding Magma and Trapdoor Faulting at Sierra Negra Volcano (Isabela Island, Galápagos)
Authors: Aiuppa Alessandro , Allard Patrick , Bernard Benjamin , Lo Forte Francesco Maria , Moretti Roberto , Hidalgo Silvana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe report on new volcanic gas composition results acquired in October 2017 at Minas de Azufre, a persistent fumarolic field topping the resurgent Sierra Negra caldera, in the Galápagos archipelago. Our results indicate that the Minas de Azufre fumaroles are moderately hydrous (52–64 mol.% H2O) and rich in CO2 (35–46 mol.%), with total sulfur (ST) being 21–35 times less abundant than CO2. SO2, the most abundant S species, is released at an average rate of 19 ± 9 tons/day. Using a volatile saturation model that provides the composition of magmatic gases at equilibrium with western Galápagos basaltic melt (48 wt. % SiO2) in the 400–0.1 MPa pressure range, we infer that Minas de Azufre fumarolic emissions consist of a mixture of (a) magma‐derived gases coexisting with a melt at ∼50–60 MPa and (b) shallow meteoric water. We thus propose that the fumaroles are supplied by outgassing of magma stored in a ∼2 km deep sill‐like reservoir underneath the caldera floor, and that the trapdoor fault system at the western margin of the resurgent caldera block acts as a preferential pathway for magmatic gas ascent and surface discharge. Our results thus suggest that, in contrast to the majority of the volcano‐hosted hydrothermal systems worldwide, Minas de Azufre releases a relatively pristine magmatic gas.
Geospatial Distribution of Age‐Adjusted Incidence of the Three Major Types of Pediatric Cancers and Waterborne Agrichemicals in Nebraska
Authors: Ouattara Balkissa S. , Puvvula Jagadeesh , Abadi Azar , Munde Siddhi , Kolok Alan S. , Bartelt‐Hunt Shannon , Bell Jesse E. , Wichman Christopher S. , Rogan Eleanor 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine, at the county level, the relationship between pediatric cancer incidence rate and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in surface and groundwater. A negative binomial regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between central nervous system (CNS) tumors, leukemia, lymphoma, and atrazine and nitrate mean concentrations in groundwater. The age‐adjusted brain and other CNS cancer incidence was higher than the national average in 63% of the Nebraska counties. After controlling for the counties socio‐economic status and nitrate concentrations in groundwater, counties with groundwater atrazine concentrations above 0.0002 µg/L had a higher incidence rate for pediatric cancers (brain and other CNS, leukemia, and lymphoma) compared to counties with groundwater atrazine concentrations in the reference group (0.0000–0.0002 µg/L). Additionally, compared to counties with groundwater nitrate concentrations between 0 and 2 mg/L (reference group), counties with groundwater nitrate concentrations between 2.1 and 5 mg/L (group 2) had a higher incidence rate for pediatric brain and other CNS cancers (IRR = 8.39; 95% CI: 8.24–8.54), leukemia (IRR = 7.35; 95% CI: 7.22–7.48), and lymphoma (IRR = 5.59; CI: 5.48–5.69) after adjusting for atrazine groundwater concentration and the county socio‐economic status. While these findings do not indicate a causal relationship, because other contaminants or cancer risk factors have not been accounted for, they suggest that atrazine and nitrate may pose a risk relative to the genesis of pediatric brain and CNS cancers, leukemia, and lymphoma.
Enhanced and Asymmetric Melting Beneath the Southern Mariana Back‐Arc Spreading Center Under the Influence of Pacific Plate Subduction
Authors: Matsuno Tetsuo , Seama Nobukazu , Shindo Haruka P. , Nogi Yoshifumi , Okino Kyoko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe back‐arc spreading at the southern Mariana is categorized as slow, but surface morphological and geophysical features of the spreading centers suggest that the spreading process is associated with enhanced melting in the upper mantle, due to water being derived from the subducted Pacific slab. A marine magnetotelluric experiment was performed along a transect across a segment at 13°N to reveal the key processes of melting, dehydration, and dynamics in the upper mantle, and their relationships to the surface characteristics. Our inversion model of electrical resistivity shows (a) a conductive body at 10–20 km depth beneath the spreading axis, and (b) another conductive area expanding asymmetrically under and around the conductive body. Away from the spreading center, there is (c) a resistive area thickening up to ∼40 km on the remnant arc side, and (d) another resistive area with a constant thickness of ∼150 km on the trench side. Implications of these model features are (a) a melt body beneath the spreading axis; (b) a hydrous mantle above the subducted slab and asymmetric passive decompression melting in the mantle wedge; (c) a residual mantle off from the spreading axis; and (d) a cold mantle wedge tip and the subducted Pacific mantle. The structure markedly contrasts with that in the central Mariana Trough at 18°N, suggesting that the horizontal distance between the location of the spreading center and the root of the buoyant upwelling above the subducted slab is a key parameter that controls the mantle dynamics beneath the back‐arc spreading.
Performance Evaluation of the Meteorology and Air Quality Conditions From Multiscale WRF‐CMAQ Simulations for the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS)
Authors: Torres‐Vazquez Ana , Pleim Jonathan , Gilliam Robert , Pouliot George 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Long Island Sound (LIS) Tropospheric Ozone Study was a multi‐agency collaborative field campaign conducted during the summer of 2018 to improve the understanding of ozone chemistry and transport from New York City to areas downstream, especially the LIS and adjacent Connecticut coastline. Measurements made during this campaign were leveraged to test and evaluate the coupled WRF‐CMAQ model at 12 km, 4 and 1.33 km horizontal grid spacing. Special attention was placed on the model's representation of sea breeze circulations, low level jets, and boundary layer evolution. The evaluation suggests using higher resolutions resulted in improved surface meteorology statistics throughout the whole summer, with temperature biases seeing the biggest statistical improvements when using 1.33‐km grid spacing, going from −0.12 to 0.08 K. Additionally, 4‐km grid spacing provided the biggest advantage when simulating ozone over the region of interest, with biases being reduced from 2.40 to 0.57 to 0.37 ppbV with increased resolution. Case studies of two high ozone concentration events (July 10 and August 6) revealed that sound breezes and low‐level jets had a critical role in transporting pollutant‐rich, shallow marine air masses from the LIS inland over the Connecticut coast. Modifications were made to the representation of sea surface temperatures, which subsequently improved the simulation of surface ozone predictions.
Biological Impact of Typhoon Wipha in the Coastal Area of Western Guangdong: A Comparative Field Observation Perspective
Authors: Lu Xuan , Zhou Xin , Jin Guangzhe , Chen Fajin , Zhang Shuwen , Li Zhiyang , Chen Chunqing , Zhu Qingmei , Lao Qibin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe impact of typhoons on the ecology of the ocean has been observed using high‐accuracy satellite remote sensing data. However, few field observations in the ocean have been conducted to understand the effect of typhoons on the biogeochemistry because typhoon is furious, dangerous, and unpredictable. Here, we investigated the impact of Typhoon Wipha on the biogeochemistry of the coastal area of western Guangdong, northwest South China Sea. Our results show that the typhoon triggered phytoplankton blooms (the level of Chl a increased 3.25 times after the typhoon) nearshore (water depths <23 m); however, there was little change in the nutrients and Chl a offshore (water depths between 23 and 60 m). Terrestrial runoff and vertical seawater mixing were identified as the main processes that bring nutrients into the nearshore area and thus triggering phytoplankton blooms after the typhoon. Moreover, the positive apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) and unsaturated DO contents during the posttyphoon period suggest significant oxygen consumption (i.e., degradation process and biological respiration) caused by Typhoon Wipha in both nearshore and offshore areas. The internal nutrient recirculation and biological respiration are responsible for little change in POC, PN and nutrients in the offshore area between the pre‐ and posttyphoon periods and thus did not cause phytoplankton blooms. Our results suggest that the potential oxygen consumption (i.e., decomposition and biological respiration) after the typhoon are important biogeochemical impacts induced by Typhoon Wipha in coastal waters.
ALCAM regulates multiple myeloma chemoresistant side population
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Dan Zhang , Luo Hongmei , Huang Jingcao , Cui Yushan , Ding Hong , Xu Juan , Lin Zhimei , Gao Yuhan , Zhai Xinyu , Yang Yan , Qu Ying , Zhang Li , Chen Fengjiao , Wang Qiang , Wang Xin , Feng Yu , Liu Ting , Yi Qing , Niu Ting , Zheng Yuhuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDrug-resistance is a major problem preventing a cure in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Previously, we demonstrated that activated-leukocyte-cell-adhesion-molecule (ALCAM) is a prognostic factor in MM and inhibits EGF/EGFR-initiated MM clonogenicity. In this study, we further showed that the ALCAM-EGF/EGFR axis regulated the MM side population (SP)-mediated drug-resistance. ALCAM-knockdown MM cells displayed an enhanced ratio of SP cells in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) or with the supplement of recombinant EGF. SP MM cells were resistant to chemotherapeutics melphalan or bortezomib. Drug treatment stimulated SP-genesis. Mechanistically, EGFR, primed with EGF, activated the hedgehog pathway and promoted the SP ratio; meanwhile, ALCAM inhibited EGFR downstream pro-MM cell signaling. Further, SP MM cells exhibited an increased number of mitochondria compared to the main population. Interference of the mitochondria function strongly inhibited SP-genesis. Animal studies showed that combination therapy with both an anti-MM agent and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib achieved prolonged MM-bearing mice survival. Hence, our work identifies ALCAM as a novel negative regulator of MM drug-resistance, and EGFR inhibitors may be used to improve MM therapeutic efficacy.
Acquired temozolomide resistance in MGMTlow gliomas is associated with regulation of homologous recombination repair by ROCK2
Authors: Zhang Xin , Li Tao , Yang Mengdi , Du Qianming , Wang Rui , Fu Bin , Tan Yingying , Cao Mengran , Chen Yaxin , Wang Qing , Hu Rong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt was reported that MGMTlow gliomas may still be resistant to TMZ, while the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2), a cytoskeleton regulator, was highly expressed in MGMTlow recurrent gliomas, and its expression strongly correlated with poor overall survival (OS) time in a subset of MGMTlow recurrent gliomas patients with TMZ therapy. And we also found that overactive ROCK2 enhanced homologous recombination repair (HR) in TMZ-resistant (TMZ-R) glioma cell lines with low MGMT expression. Silencing ROCK2 impaired HR repair, and induced double-strand break (DSB) and eradicated TMZ-R glioma cells in culture. Notably, in MGMTlow TMZ-R models, as a key factor of HR, ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) expression was upregulated directly by hyper-activation of ROCK2 to improve HR efficiency. ROCK2 enhanced the binding of transcription factor zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) to ATM promoter for increasing ATM expression. Moreover, ROCK2 transformed ZEB1 into a gene activator via Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). These results provide evidence for the use of ROCK inhibitors in the clinical therapy for MGMTlow TMZ-resistant glioma. Our study also offered novel insights for improving therapeutic management of MGMTlow gliomas.
Early differential responses elicited by BRAFV600E in adult mouse models
Authors: Bosso Giuseppe , Lanuza-Gracia Pablo , Piñeiro-Hermida Sergio , Yilmaz Merve , Serrano Rosa , Blasco Maria A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe BRAF gene is frequently mutated in cancer. The most common genetic mutation is a single nucleotide transition which gives rise to a constitutively active BRAF kinase (BRAFV600E) which in turn sustains continuous cell proliferation. The study of BRAFV600E murine models has been mainly focused on the role of BRAFV600E in tumor development but little is known on the early molecular impact of BRAFV600E expression in vivo. Here, we study the immediate effects of acute ubiquitous BRAFV600E activation in vivo. We find that BRAFV600E elicits a rapid DNA damage response in the liver, spleen, lungs but not in thyroids. This DNA damage response does not occur at telomeres and is accompanied by activation of the senescence marker p21CIP1 only in lungs but not in liver or spleen. Moreover, in lungs, BRAFV600E provokes an acute inflammatory state with a tissue-specific recruitment of neutrophils in the alveolar parenchyma and macrophages in bronchi/bronchioles, as well as bronchial/bronchiolar epithelium transdifferentiation and development of adenomas. Furthermore, whereas in non-tumor alveolar type II (ATIIs) pneumocytes, acute BRAFV600E induction elicits rapid p53-independent p21CIP1 activation, adenoma ATIIs express p53 without resulting in p21CIP1 gene activation. Conversely, albeit in Club cells BRAFV600E-mediated proliferative cue is more exacerbated compared to that occurring in ATIIs, such oncogenic stimulus culminates with p21CIP1-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our findings indicate that acute BRAFV600E expression drives an immediate induction of DNA damage response in vivo. More importantly, it also results in rapid differential responses of cell cycle and senescence-associated proteins in lung epithelia, thus revealing the early molecular changes emerging in BRAFV600E-challenged cells during tumorigenesis in vivo.
Tailoring the coercive field in ferroelectric metal-free perovskites by hydrogen bonding
Authors: Choi Hwa Seob , Li Shunning , Park In-Hyeok , Liew Weng Heng , Zhu Ziyu , Kwon Ki Chang , Wang Lin , Oh In-Hwan , Zheng Shisheng , Su Chenliang , Xu Qing-Hua , Yao Kui , Pan Feng , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe miniaturization of ferroelectric devices in non-volatile memories requires the device to maintain stable switching behavior as the thickness scales down to nanometer scale, which requires the coercive field to be sufficiently large. Recently discovered metal-free perovskites exhibit advantages such as structural tunability and solution-processability, but they are disadvantaged by a lower coercive field compared to inorganic perovskites. Herein, we demonstrate that the coercive field (110 kV/cm) in metal-free ferroelectric perovskite MDABCO-NH4-(PF6)3 (MDABCO = N-methyl-N’-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octonium) is one order larger than MDABCO-NH4-I3 (12 kV/cm) owing to the stronger intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the former. Using isotope experiments, the ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase transition temperature and coercive field are verified to be strongly influenced by hydrogen bonds. Our work highlights that the coercive field of organic ferroelectrics can be tailored by tuning the strength of hydrogen bonding.