bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Including Aldehydes for Swedish Hairdressers
Authors: Ricklund Niklas , Bryngelsson Ing-Liss , Hagberg Jessika 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWorking as a professional hairdresser involves the daily usage of many different hair treatment products containing chemicals in complex mixtures. Exposure may induce symptoms in the airways and on the skin. In this study, exposure of hairdressers to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including aldehydes, was measured in the personal breathing zone in the spring of 2017. The study included 30 hairdressers evenly distributed over ten hair salons in the town of Örebro, Sweden. Work tasks and indoor climate were also surveilled. A hazard index (HI) based on chronic reference values for health was calculated to indicate combined exposure risk. In total, 90 VOCs, including nine aldehydes, were identified. Individual exposure expressed as a total concentration of VOCs (TVOCs) were in the range of 50–3600 µg/m3 toluene equivalent (median 460 µg/m3) and the HI was in the range 0.0046–13 (median 0.9). Exposure was more strongly influenced by variability among hairdressers than among salons. The HI indicated an increased risk of non-carcinogenic effects (HI ≥ 1) at four of the 10 hair salons. Individual working procedures, ventilation, volumetric usage of hair treatment products, certain chemicals in products (formaldehyde, isopropanol, and 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate), and availability of reference values may have affected estimates of exposure risks. Nevertheless, the HI may be suitable as a screening tool to assess potential exposure risk posed to hairdressers since it considers the complexity of chemical mixtures and the chronic component of VOC exposure occurring in all indoor environments.
Extending Normative Data of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test to Account for Preliminary Psychometric Properties among Elderly Individuals in Taiwan
Authors: Li Ting-Jia , Hua Mau-Sun , Liu Meng-Ying , Liao Yu-Chi , Chang Hsin-Te 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) is widely used to assess cognitive performance in clinical settings. However, availability of normative data for Revised Version of PASAT (PASAT-R) is often constrained by sample size among elderly individuals. In this study, we sought to establish normative data for PASAT-R for elderly individuals in Taiwan.MethodsThis study recruited 166 individuals aged over 65 years stratified in accordance with the general population in terms of demographic characteristics, including age, educational level, and sex. We assessed PASAT-R test results in terms of psychometric properties.ResultsPASAT-R demonstrated good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Performance on PASAT-R was correlated with performance on the criterion tests. Performance on PASAT-R was negatively correlated with age and positively correlated with educational level. This study provides normative data for PASAT-R for elderly Taiwanese individuals.ConclusionsPASAT-R is applicable to neuropsychological assessment among elderly Taiwanese individuals.
Con Air: exploring the trade in counterfeit and unapproved aircraft parts
Authors: Kotzé Justin , Antonopoulos Georgios A 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCounterfeit aircraft parts are among the most well-known counterfeits and pose a significant risk to public safety. It is estimated that as much as 10% of the legal market for aircraft parts are counterfeits and the presence of these parts on commercial aircraft are more commonplace than many people realise. Yet, criminological research on this pressing issue is remarkably scarce. Informed by accounts from specialised and highly knowledgeable actors embedded in the aviation industry, this paper aims to explore how counterfeit and unapproved parts enter the legitimate supply chain and what factors drive or motivate their circulation and use.
Link Prediction Based On Local Structure And Node Information Along Local Paths
Authors: Li Tongfeng , Zhang Ruisheng , Niu Bojuan , Yao Yabing , Ma Jun , Jiang Jing , Zhao Zhili 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Link prediction aims at predicting the missing links or new links based on known topological or attribute information of networks, which is one of the most significant and challenging tasks in complex network analysis. Recently, many local similarity-based methods have been proposed and they performed well in most cases. However, most of these methods simultaneously ignore the contributions of the local structure information between endpoints and their common neighbors, as well as transmission abilities of different 3-hop paths. To address these issues, in this paper, we propose a novel link prediction method that aims at improving the prediction accuracy of the existing local similarity-based methods by integrating with local structure information and node degree information along 3-hop paths. Extensive experiments have been performed on nine real-world networks and the results demonstrate that our proposed method is superior to the existing state-of-the-art methods.
Biomarkers for the Evaluation of Pouch Inflammation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Falloon Katherine , Cohen Benjamin L , Ottichilo Ronald , Grove David , Rieder Florian , Qazi Taha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIleal pouch inflammation is a common problem following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). Despite its prevalence, diagnosis remains multimodal and requires endoscopy. The use of biomarkers in the prediction of and/or association with pouchitis has not been well characterized. We performed a systematic review to summarize the available evidence.MethodA search of Ovid, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science was conducted. Inclusion criteria included studies evaluating biomarkers for the evaluation and prediction of inflammation in patients with IPAA utilizing pouchoscopy as the gold standard. Exclusion criteria included studies on the role of the microbiome or genetic markers.ResultsA total of 28 studies, 5 case-control studies, and 23 observational cohort studies were identified. Fecal biomarkers were assessed in 23 studies, of which fecal calprotectin was the most commonly studied with sensitivities ranging from 57% to 92% and specificities from 19% to 92%. Six studies examined serum biomarkers. None of the serum biomarkers demonstrated a high sensitivity or specificity in association with pouch inflammation. Six studies described the longitudinal assessment of biomarkers. Of these studies, only three reported a predictive role of biomarkers in diagnosing endoscopic inflammation.ConclusionsBiomarkers have emerged as a potential option to improve the management of pouchitis given the relative ease of sampling compared to pouchoscopy. Unfortunately, the evaluated biomarkers have not consistently demonstrated accuracy in predicting inflammation. Moreover, these biomarkers have not been reliably shown to be sensitive or specific in association with endoscopic pouch inflammation to merit their widespread use in clinical practice.
No evidence that spice consumption is a cancer prevention mechanism in human populations
Authors: Dujon Antoine M , Tasiemski Aurélie , Pujol Pascal , Turpin Anthony , Ujvari Beata , Thomas Frédéric 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhy humans historically began to incorporate spices into their diets is still a matter of unresolved debate. For example, a recent study (Bromham et al. There is little evidence that spicy food in hot countries is an adaptation to reducing infection risk. Nat Hum Behav 2021;5:878–91.) did not support the most popular hypothesis that spice consumption was a practice favoured by selection in certain environments to reduce food poisoning, parasitic infections, and foodborne diseases.MethodsBecause several spices are known to have anticancer effects, we explored the hypothesis that natural selection and/or cultural evolution may have favoured spice consumption as an adaptive prophylactic response to reduce the burden of cancer pathology. We used linear models to investigate the potential relationship between age-standardized gastrointestinal cancer rates and spice consumption in 36 countries.ResultsPatterns of spice are not consistent with a cancer mitigation mechanism: the age-standardized rate of almost all gastrointestinal cancers was not related to spice consumption.ConclusionsDirection other than foodborne pathogens and cancers should be explored to understand the health reasons, if any, why our ancestors developed a taste for spices.
Serum Ustekinumab Concentrations Are Associated With Improved Outcomes With the Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity for Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Chen Kaylie , Chen Johnson , Smith Emily , Mathani Prerna , Longman Randy , Lukin Dana , Scherl Ellen , Gerber Juliette , Battat Robert 
Published: November 2022

Lay Summary
Higher ustekinumab concentrations were associated with improved radiologic (Simplified Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity for Crohn’s Disease) and stringent biomarker (calprotectin) outcomes. The high concentration needed for these novel endpoints validates previous studies using the same assay.
Breast Malignancies After Mastectomy With Autologous or Implant Reconstruction
Authors: Portnow Leah H , Majid Sana , Maduram Amy , Chesebro Allyson L , Karimova E Jane , Chung Stephanie H , Gombos Eva C 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are multiple indications for mastectomy for breast cancer, including extent of tumor, inability to achieve negative margins after re-excision, patient preference, or prevention in women with a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. Multiple types of autologous or implant reconstruction options are available for cosmesis. Although rare, breast cancers after mastectomy can occur, and it is important for both surgeons and radiologists to be aware of the associated risk factors, common locations, and classic imaging features of these malignancies. This article reviews the types of mastectomies, reconstruction options, and information about the location, presentation, and prognosis of cancers in the reconstructed breast.
First Report of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Montana, USA
Authors: Morey Amy C , Kerzicnik Lauren M , Etzler Frank E , Mendrey Katrina , Morey Bruce D , Miller Zachariah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Here, we document the first record for Montana of Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a major agricultural and nuisance pest in many parts of the world. The insect was found overwintering in a private residence in January 2021 in Billings (Yellowstone Co.). A preliminary survey of sites in Billings from May to October 2021 confirmed the presence of H. halys within a radius of at least 11 km from the January detection. Putatively overwintering H. halys and adult bugs found across the city of Billings in the summer suggest the insect may have been present in the area prior to 2021. Surveys conducted in various regions of the state between 2013 and 2020 reported no detections of H. halys. Yellowstone Co. was previously surveyed in 2017, indicating the species likely arrived between 2018 and 2020 or was present before 2018 at densities too low to be detected. The summary of presence and absence records we provide herein is valuable for future monitoring and management efforts of this economically important species.
Comparison between overall and respective electrical rectifications in array of piezoelectric energy harvesting
Authors: Lien I C , Lo Y C , Chiu S H , Shu Y C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The article compares two different electrical rectifications employed by a piezoelectric harvester array. The first type consists of parallel connection of harvesters followed by an AC–DC full-bridge rectifier for overall electrical rectification. The second type allows for respective electrical rectification of each individual harvester, and then connecting them all in parallel. The former exhibits stronger electromechanical coupling effect for enhancing output power. The latter is capable of avoiding charge cancelation for improving bandwidth. The analysis of the electromechanical response of these two types is provided with full derivations for the second case. The predictions of displacement and output power are compared with the experiment and the results show good agreement. Two recommendations are offered from the present studies. First, suppose the power dissipations due to voltage gaps across the rectifiers are insignificant compared with the amount of output power realized by each individual harvester. The piezoelectric harvester array with respective electrical rectification exhibits better performance than that with the overall rectification from the broadband point of view at the cost of reducing peak power. On the contrary, if the amount of power dissipations can not be neglected or the harvester exhibits the strongly coupled electromechanical response, it is recommended to employ the harvester array allowing the mixed parallel/series connections switched by DPDT (Double-Pole Double-Throw). The array of the mixed type with overall electrical rectification exhibits performance significantly outperforming the array with respective electrical rectification from the point of view of broadband and power enhancement.
Enhanced tumor inhibiting effect of 131I-BDI-1-based radioimmunotherapy and cytosine deaminase gene therapy modulated by a radio-sensitive promoter in nude mice bearing bladder cancer
Authors: Hao Pan , Zhang Chunli , Ma Huan , Wang Rongfu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRadioimmunotherapy (RIT) has great potential in cancer therapy. However, its efficacy in numerous tumors is restricted due to myelotoxicity, thereby limiting the dose of radionuclide. To increase tumor radiosensitivity, we incorporated the recombinant lentivirus into the EJ cells (bladder cancer [BC] cells), and examined the combined anti-tumor effects of RIT with 131I-BDI-1(131I-monoclonal antibody against human BC-1) and gene therapy (GT). The recombinant lentivirus was constructed and packed. The animal xenograft model was built and when the tumor reached about 0.5 cm in diameter, the mice were randomly separated into four groups: (1) RIT + GT: the xenografts were continuously incorporated with the recombinant lentivirus for two days. And 7.4 MBq 131I-BDI-1 was IV-injected, and 10 mg prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (FC) was IV-injected for 7 days, (2) RIT: same dose of 131I-BDI-1 as the previous group mice, (3) GT: same as the first group, except no 131I-BDI-1, and (4) Untreated. Compute tumor volumes in all groups. After 28 days the mice were euthanized and the tumors were extracted and weighed, and the inhibition rate was computed. The RIT + GT mice, followed by the RIT mice, exhibited markedly slower tumor growth, compared to the control mice. The tumor size was comparable between the GT and control mice. The tumor inhibition rates after 28 days of incubation were 42.85 ± 0.23%, 27.92 ± 0.21% and 0.57 ± 0.11% for the four groups, respectively. In conclusion, RIT, combined with GT, suppressed tumor development more effectively than RIT or GT alone. This data highlights the potent additive effect of radioimmune and gene therapeutic interventions against cancer.
Origin, evolution, and future of isoprene and nitric oxide interactions within leaves
Authors: Velikova Violeta , Dani Kaidala Ganesha Srikanta , Loreto Francesco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPhotolytic generation of nitric oxide (NO), isoprene, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pre-dated life on Earth (~4 billion years ago). However, isoprene–ROS–NO interactions became relevant to climate chemistry ~50 million years ago, after aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems became dominated by isoprene-emitting diatoms and angiosperms. Today, NO and NO2 (together referred to as NOx) are dangerous biogenic gaseous atmospheric pollutants. In plants, NO, with its multiple sources and sinks, acts as a secondary messenger that regulates development at low doses and induces cell death at high doses. Likewise, biogenic isoprene is a putative antioxidant and hormone ‘enabler’ that hastens plant (and leaf) growth and reproduction, and improves plant tolerance to transient abiotic stresses. Using examples from controlled-chamber simulation and field studies of isoprene oxidation, we discuss the likely nature and extent of isoprene oxidation within leaves. We argue that isoprene–NO interactions vary greatly among plant species, driven by differences in isoprene emission rate and nitrate assimilation capacity (i.e. NO sink strength), ROS availability, and the within-leaf ratio between free-NO and isoprene. In a warmer and CO2-fertilized future climate, antagonism between isoprene and NO within leaves will probably occur in a NO-rich (relative to present) environment, yielding a greater proportion of isoprene oxidation products, and inducing major changes in NO-mediated growth and stress responses.
A Primer on Guns
Authors: Pirelli Gianni , DeMarco Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter provides medical and mental health professionals with a primer on guns. Specifically, it includes an overview on the history of firearms, including military, law enforcement, and civilian uses. Then, there is a comprehensive section on developing culture competence in the firearms-related arena, particularly as such relates to a number of subcultures within this context (e.g., Second Amendment; shooting sports; rod and gun clubs, hunting clubs, and shooting ranges; gun control, gun violence prevention, and anti-gun groups; military, law enforcement, and corrections; gangs, organized crime, and other criminal organizations; and victims of firearm-related suicide, violence, or domestic violence). Finally, the chapter reviews various gun types and operation and safety principles, to provide practitioners with foundational knowledge in this regard.
Guns and the Law
Authors: Pirelli Gianni , DeMarco Sarah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides medical and mental health professionals with essential information related to the intersection of guns and the law. The Second Amendment is reviewed, along with landmark rulings by the Supreme Court of the United States. Federal and state mental health–related prohibitions are addressed as well as those associated with domestic violence, including but certainly not limited to domestic violence–related protective (restraining) orders. “Red flag” laws are then addressed, which are more formally referred to as gun violence restraining orders and extreme risk protection orders, followed by a review of gun rights restoration and relief from disability mechanisms at the federal and state levels. The chapter concludes with an overview of reporting duties of medical and mental health professionals in the overarching risk context as well as particularly relevant gun ownership and safety laws (i.e., magazine capacity, storage, transportation, and right to carry).
The Psychosocial and Political Dynamics of Children and Youth Entering and Exiting Armed Groups
Authors: Velez Gabriel , Idrobo Fabio , Educapas Programa , para la Reconciliación La Fundación 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In 2018, over 13,000 children were demobilized and reintegrated into society, even as thousands more were recruited for or participated in armed conflicts. The developmental trajectories and functioning of these children are integral to international efforts to reduce inequality; make communities inclusive, safe, and resilient; and promote peaceful and just societies. In turn, analyzing societal structures and influences is necessary to understanding their participation in armed conflict, as well as building effective international supports for their demobilization and integration. In this chapter, we discuss the definition of child and youth combatants and review the current literature on child and youth combatants’ motivations to join armed actors and the processes by which they reintegrate into society. The chapter closes with a review of practices aimed at supporting demobilized children and youth in Colombia as a case study for challenges to these efforts and linking them to peaceful, just, and sustainable societies.
Resilience to Structural Violence
Authors: Theron Linda , Haffejee Sadiyya , Ungar Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Structural violence remains rampant in South Africa. Consequently, youth in disadvantaged communities are exposed to seemingly intractable systems of inequality and related hardships. Still, many cherish future aspirations and commit to uplifting their families and communities. This chapter interrogates the factors and processes that support such functional behavior. It provides a contextualized account of the resilience of a sample of youth (n = 61; aged 14 to 24) from a structurally violent South African community. The account draws on thematic analyses of the qualitative data that youth generated during their participation in the Resilient Youth in Stressed Environments (RYSE) study. The findings highlight the relative absence of structural resources in how youth account for resilience. Instead, personal resources—and, to a lesser extent, relational ones—are prominent. The chapter problematizes these findings and argues that resilience to structural violence requires social justice interventions that create facilitative environments and resource young people equitably.
Global Perspectives on Family Violence
Authors: Howell Kathryn H. , Napier Taylor R. , Thomsen Kari N. , Martinez-Torteya Cecilia , Källström Åsa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Family violence is an act or threat of physical, sexual, or psychological violence perpetrated against one individual by another who is related through marriage or family. Family violence encompasses child abuse and neglect, sibling abuse, parent/in-law abuse, elder abuse, and intimate partner violence. Children exposed to family violence may experience negative short- and long-term physiological and psychosocial effects. Family violence, its prevalence, and its impacts have been studied worldwide. This chapter reviews global rates of family violence, how conceptualizations of family violence vary across countries, and how different types of family violence contribute to short- and long-term consequences for children. We focus on Mexico and Sweden as case studies to examine how families and children are affected by family violence in these unique cultural contexts.
Introduction
Authors: Chochinov Harvey Max 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The introduction to this book begins with a story told by the wife of a man who recently died. As she recalls her husband’s death, what was sadly overlooked during his hospital stay was the human side of medicine, leaving her and those who loved him feeling distrustful and questioning the quality of care he received. Her all too familiar story underscores how personhood is often overshadowed by patienthood. This serves as a reminder that, in looking after patients, we must always be mindful that patients are people with feelings that matter. Failure to remember this adage can have dire consequences for patients, families, and healthcare providers alike, making this story the perfect start to Dignity in Care: The Human Side of Medicine.