bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness analysis of olanzapine in four-drug antiemetic therapy in Japanese patients treated with highly emetogenic cisplatin-containing chemotherapy
Authors: Kondo Yu , Tachi Tomoya , Sakakibara Takayoshi , Kato Jun , Mizuno Takahito , Miyake Yoshio , Teramachi Hitomi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Olanzapine has been shown to have an additive effect on the three-drug antiemetic therapy consisting of aprepitant, palonosetron, and dexamethasone, in a highly emetogenic cisplatin-containing chemotherapy. Although olanzapine may be more economical than aprepitant or palonosetron, an adequate cost-efficacy analysis has not been conducted.

Methods
We conducted a cost-utility analysis to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of olanzapine use in four-drug antiemetic therapy among Japanese patients. We simulated model patients treated with highly emetogenic cisplatin-containing chemotherapy and developed a decision-analytical model of patients receiving triple antiemetic therapy with or without olanzapine in an inpatient setting. The cost and probabilities of each treatment were calculated from the perspective of the Japanese healthcare payer. The probabilities, utility value, and other costs were obtained from published sources. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine the influence of each parameter on the model and the robustness of a base-case analysis. Threshold analysis was conducted to determine the cost of olanzapine that would make the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) equivalent to the threshold ICER). The threshold incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was set at 5 million Japanese Yen (JPY) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.

Results
The cost was 10,238 JPY in the olanzapine regimen and 9719 JPY in the non-olanzapine regimen. The QALY gained were 0.01065 QALYs and 0.01029 QALYs in the olanzapine and non-olanzapine regimen, respectively. The incremental cost of the olanzapine regimen relative to the non-olanzapine regimen was 519 JPY, and the incremental QALYs were 0.00036 QALY, resulting in an ICER of 1,428,675 JPY per QALY gained. In the one-way sensitivity analysis, the results were most sensitive to the utility value of incomplete control. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis revealed the probability that the ICER was below the willingness-to-pay, and the incremental QALYs was positive was 96.2%. The calculated cost of olanzapine per 5 mg that would make the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio equivalent to the threshold incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated to be 475 JPY.

Conclusions
Olanzapine was cost-effective in the four-drug antiemetic therapy for Japanese patients treated with highly emetogenic cisplatin-containing chemotherapy.
Development and validation of a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding travel medicine amongst physicians in an apex tertiary hospital in Northern India
Authors: Kumar Arvind , Rajendran Anand , Usman Mohd , Ahuja Jatin , Samad Sameer , Mittal Ankit , Garg Prerna , Baitha Upendra , Ranjan Piyush , Wig Naveet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Travel medicine focuses primarily on pre-travel preventive care and the conditions and diseases acquired during or after travel. There is a paucity of validated tools to assess the knowledge, attitude and practises of physicians with regard to travel medicine. We attempted to develop a tool to assess existing expertise among Medicine and Infectious Diseases resident doctors with respect to travel medicine.

Methods
Item level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) were estimated for each of the items to establish the content validity. Refined measures of inter-rater agreement (Brennan and Prediger Agreement Coefficient and Gwet’s Agreement Coefficient) were estimated for the tool.

Results
The final version of the questionnaire had satisfactory content validity (I-CVI > 0∙6 and S-CVI/Ave > 0∙9) and possessed high agreement among the raters (Brennan and Prediger AC > 0∙7, p < 0∙01 and Gwet's AC > 0∙8, p < 0∙01) with regard to necessity, clarity and relevance of the scale.

Conclusions
This tool covers a wide range of questions and is scientifically validated. The final version of the tool can be used largely for the assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices among medical practitioners. This is instrumental to build targeted intervention programs to enhance the knowledge regarding travel medicine among health care providers.
Contribution of researchers in Arab countries to scientific publications on neglected tropical diseases (1971 – 2020)
Authors: Sweileh Waleed M. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are endemic in several Arab countries. The purpose of the current study was to assess the contribution of researchers in Arab countries to the knowledge base on NTDs using bibliometric indicators.

Methods
Keywords related to all 20 NTDs were obtained from previously published bibliometric studies and were combined with the names of Arab countries listed as country affiliation. the search strategy was implemented in the Scopus database and bibliometric indicators were generated for the study period from 1971 to 2020

Results
The search strategy generated 6542 documents; representing less than 4% of the global research in the field. Scientific research on NTDs from researchers in Arab countries (a) has experienced slow growth; (b) generated a relatively inadequate number of publications over the study period; (c) was disseminated mainly through journals in the field of parasitology or tropical medicine; (d) was contributed by researchers from the 22 Arab countries, but mainly by researchers from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan; (e) has fragmented author networks with weak collaboration between active authors in the field; (f) was characterized by strong cross-country research collaboration with researchers in the US and the UK; (g) has focused on three main diseases, specifically, schistosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and onchocerciasis, and (h) showed less emphasis on soil-transmitted helminthiasis infections despite high prevalence.

Conclusions
Arab countries cannot achieve the 2030 global agenda without control and elimination of prevalent NTDs. Researchers in Arab countries need to establish strong research networks to exchange expertise on all NTDs.
Toward just and equitable micro-credentials: an Australian perspective
Authors: Desmarchelier Renee , Cary Lisa J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe current historic COVID-19 Pandemic moment has thrown into sharp relief the need for flexible and rigorous higher education that meets upskilling and reskilling needs of global workforces. Discussions of micro-credentialing predate the Pandemic but have received increased focus as potentially assisting in addressing perceived skills gaps. However, not all commentators have been complimentary about the possibilities inherent in micro-credentialing. In this paper we discuss Ralston (Postdigital Science and Education 3:83–101, 2021) criticism of the “microcredentialing craze” as provocation to consider how equitable, thoughtful and just educative aims may be met. We address Ralston’s argument that micro-credentials present an educative “moral hazard” by arguing that micro-credentialing will allow universities to respond quickly to changing worker educational needs rather than only offering full degrees that may not be economically viable or personally desirable for individuals. Rather, we suggest, the potential of micro-credentials lies in their pathways and potential to enhance lifelong learning and suggest that micro-credentials do not stand outside of the pedagogical ethical imperative that learning experiences should be positive and inclusive.
A flexible approach for cyber threat hunting based on kernel audit records
Authors: Yang Fengyu , Han Yanni , Ding Ying , Tan Qian , Xu Zhen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHunting the advanced threats hidden in the enterprise networks has always been a complex and difficult task. Due to the variety of attacking means, it is difficult for traditional security systems to detect threats. Most existing methods analyze log records, but the amount of log records generated every day is very large. How to find the information related to the attack events quickly and effectively from massive data streams is an important problem. Considering that the knowledge graph can be used for automatic relation calculation and complex relation analysis, and can get relatively fast feedback, our work proposes to construct the knowledge graph based on kernel audit records, which fully considers the global correlation among entities observed in audit logs. We design the construction and application process of knowledge graph, which can be applied to actual threat hunting activities. Then we explore different ways to use the constructed knowledge graph for hunting actual threats in detail. Finally, we implement a LAN-wide hunting system which is convenient and flexible for security analysts. Evaluations based on the adversarial engagement designed by DARPA prove that our platform can effectively hunt sophisticated threats, quickly restore the attack path or assess the impact of attack.
An overview of inertia requirement in modern renewable energy sourced grid: challenges and way forward
Authors: Ayamolowo Oladimeji Joseph , Manditereza Patrick , Kusakana Kanzumba 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs the world strives toward meeting the Paris agreement target of zero carbon emission by 2050, more renewable energy generators are now being integrated into the grid, this in turn is responsible for frequency instability challenges experienced in the new grid. The challenges associated with the modern power grid are identified in this research. In addition, a review on virtual inertial control strategies, inertia estimation techniques in power system, modeling characteristics of energy storage systems used in providing inertia support to the grid, and modeling techniques in power system operational and expansion planning is given. Findings of this study reveal that adequate system inertia in the modern grid is essential to mitigate frequency instability, thus, considering the inertia requirement of the grid in operational and expansion planning model will be key in ensuring the grid’s stability. Finally, a direction for future research has been identified from the study, while an inertial constant of between 4 and 10 s is recommended to ensure frequency stability in modern power grid.
The effects of neighbourhood social cohesion on preventing depression and anxiety among adolescents and young adults: rapid review
Authors: Breedvelt Josefien J. F. , Tiemeier Henning , Sharples Evelyn , Galea Sandro , Niedzwiedz Claire , Elliott Iris , Bockting Claudi L. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundResearch suggests that increasing neighbourhood social cohesion can prevent mental health problems, including depression and anxiety. However, it is unknown whether this is the case for adolescents and young adults.AimsTo investigate whether neighbourhood social cohesion can prevent depression and anxiety, and identify interventions that can increase neighbourhood cohesion in young people.MethodWe conducted a rapid review for an overview of the available literature. PubMed, Campbell Collaboration, KSR Ltd and grey literature databases were searched from inception up to 10 July 2020. When synthesising the results, we applied a hierarchy of evidence, prioritising study designs that allowed for the most ability to infer causality. Risk of bias was assessed with the ROBIS tool and Joanna Briggs Institute risk-of-bias assessment. A narrative review and two workshops with young people were conducted to inform what future interventions may look like.ResultsForty-two peer-reviewed publications, including two systematic reviews, 13 longitudinal studies and 27 cross-sectional studies, were identified. Prospective longitudinal studies found that neighbourhood social cohesion factors (safety, trust, positive social connections, helping others and a lack of crime and violence) were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Future interventions to increase neighbourhood cohesion should involve creating safe and attractive community centres, accessible and safe outdoor spaces, community activity groups and online communities.ConclusionsNeighbourhood social cohesion has the potential to protect mental health. The next step is to conduct intervention studies to evaluate the effects on onset prevention. Clinicians should consider the impact cohesion can have on mental health, and signpost to community initiatives.
Toward Improved Outcomes for Patients With Lung Cancer Globally: The Essential Role of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Mikhail Lette Miriam N. , Paez Diana , Shulman Lawrence N. , Guckenberger Mathias , Douillard Jean-Yves , Oyen Wim J.G. , Giammarile Francesco , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Ginsberg Michelle , Pellet Olivier , Liao Zhongxing , Abdel Wahab May 
Published: June 2022

PURPOSE Key to achieving better population-based outcomes for patients with lung cancer is the improvement of medical imaging and nuclear medicine infrastructure globally. This paper aims to outline why and spark relevant health systems strengthening. METHODS The paper synthesizes the global lung cancer landscape, imaging referral guidelines (including resource-stratified ones), the reliance of TNM staging upon imaging, relevant multinational health technology assessments, and precisely how treatment selection and in turn patient outcomes hinge upon imaging findings. The final discussion presents data on current global gaps in both diagnostics (including imaging) and therapies and how, informed by such data, improved population-based outcomes are tangible through strategic planning. RESULTS Imaging findings are central to appropriate lung cancer patient management and can variably lead to life-prolonging interventions and/or to life-enhancing palliative measures. Early-stage lung cancer can be treated with curative intent but, unfortunately, most patients with lung cancer still present at advanced stages and many patients lack access to both diagnostics and therapies. Furthermore, half of lung cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries. The role of medical imaging and nuclear medicine in lung cancer management, as outlined herein, may help inform strategic planning. CONCLUSION Lung cancer is the number one cancer killer worldwide. The essential role that medical imaging and nuclear medicine play in early diagnosis and disease staging cannot be overstated, pivotal in selecting the many patients for whom measurably improved outcomes are attainable. Prevention synergized with patient-centered, compassionate, high-quality lung cancer management provision mandate that strategic population-based planning, including universal health coverage strategies, should extend well beyond the scope of disease prevention to include both curative and noncurative treatment options for the millions afflicted with lung cancer.
A new theoretical performance landscape for suction feeding reveals adaptive kinematics in a natural population of reef damselfish
Authors: Holzman Roi , Keren Tal , Kiflawi Moshe , Martin Christopher H. , China Victor , Mann Ofri , Olsson Karin H. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Understanding how organismal traits determine performance and, ultimately, fitness is a fundamental goal of evolutionary eco-morphology. However, multiple traits can interact in non-linear and context-dependent ways to affect performance, hindering efforts to place natural populations with respect to performance peaks or valleys. Here, we used an established mechanistic model of suction-feeding performance (SIFF) derived from hydrodynamic principles to estimate a theoretical performance landscape for zooplankton prey capture. This performance space can be used to predict prey capture performance for any combination of six morphological and kinematic trait values. We then mapped in situ high-speed video observations of suction feeding in a natural population of a coral reef zooplanktivore, Chromis viridis, onto the performance space to estimate the population's location with respect to the topography of the performance landscape. Although the kinematics of the natural population closely matched regions of high performance in the landscape, the population was not located on a performance peak. Individuals were furthest from performance peaks on the peak gape, ram speed and mouth opening speed trait axes. Moreover, we found that the trait combinations in the observed population were associated with higher performance than expected by chance, suggesting that these combinations are under selection. Our results provide a framework for assessing whether natural populations occupy performance optima.
The Impact of Low Skeletal Muscle Mass on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Dietz Michelle V. , van Kooten Job P. , van Vugt Jeroen L. A. , Brandt-Kerkhof Alexandra R. M. , Verhoef Cornelis , Madsen Eva V. E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a potentially curative treatment for peritoneal metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) or pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). Because of the considerable morbidity of this treatment, optimal patient selection is key. This study aimed to assess the impact of low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on outcomes after CRS-HIPEC.

Methods
Patients who underwent CRS-HIPEC between 2014 and 2020 at a tertiary center were included. SMM was measured on computed tomography by means of the L3 muscle index. Postoperative complications and survival outcomes were compared between groups by use of logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.

Results
Of 284 included patients, 149 had low SMM. Occurrence of severe postoperative complications did not differ between groups (28.9% for patients with low vs. 34.1% for patients with normal SMM). Low SMM was not associated with postoperative complications (p = 0.344). For CRC patients, no significant differences were observed in disease-free (DFS) or overall survival (OS) between patients with low (median DFS 7 months [IQR 4–14], median OS 33 months [IQR 14–NR]) and patients with normal SMM (median DFS 8 months [IQR 5–20], median OS 35 months [IQR 18–NR]). Regarding PMP, survival outcomes did not significantly differ between groups (3-year DFS 47.3% for patients with low SMM vs. 54.5% for patients with normal SMM, p = 0.676; 3-year OS 70.8% vs. 90.9% respectively, p = 0.172).

Conclusions
Low SMM could not be identified as a predictor of severe complications or survival outcomes after CRS-HIPEC.
Case Report: Central retinal artery occlusion following sildenafil intake
Authors: Mahmoud Anis , Abid Fatma , Khairallah Molka , Sakji Fatma , Ibn Hadj Amor Hassen , Attia Hala , Mbarek Sameh , Messaoud Riadh 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: To report a case of central retinal artery occlusion associated with sildenafil intake and briefly discuss its causative pathogenesis. Methods: A 50-year-old man with no premorbidities presented with symptoms of sudden severe visual field constriction in the left eye (LE). Best-corrected visual acuity in the LE was 20/25. Fundus examination and fluorescein angiography of the LE were suggestive of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) with cilioretinal artery sparing. Further investigation revealed that 100 mg of sildenafil had been taken for the first time three hours before the onset of symptoms. Results: The patient was treated promptly with intravenous acetazolamide, sublingual isosorbide dinitrate and ocular massage, but without visual recovery. No other associated systemic or local risk factors were found, and the case was classified as a potential complication of sildenafil. Conclusion: Although no direct link could be established, the aim of this report is to highlight the incidence and to consider this issue when evaluating any case of central retinal artery occlusion.
Patient experience of informed consent for diagnostic coronary angiogram and follow-on treatments
Authors: Blanchard Howard T , Carroll Diane L , Astin Felicity 
Published: June 2022

Background/AimsCoronary angiography requires a complex informed consent process as a legal and ethical requirement before treatment. This process may allow percutaneous coronary intervention to be completed as a continuation of a coronary angiography. Patients routinely consent to both interventions, but over one-quarter will only receive the diagnostic angiogram. This study explored views and understandings of the informed consent process, and associations with demographic characteristics, among patients who consented to coronary angiography and same-setting percutaneous coronary intervention, but were found to be ineligible for the latter.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional survey design was used to explore patients' views. A total of 62 participants (73% male, mean age 68.4 years) completed a 36-item survey the day after undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography.ResultsFemale participants reported greater difficulty in recalling treatment information (P<0.03), found discussions about alternative treatments more confusing (P<0.02), and the disclosure of comprehensive risk information more of a deterrent to consent for treatment (P<0.02) compared to men. Higher levels of education were associated with greater preference for information and involvement in treatment decisions (P<0.002).ConclusionsPatients who give informed consent for diagnostic coronary angiography with or without a same-setting percutaneous coronary intervention need clear comprehensive information regarding alternative options. By recognising the patient's need for information, nurses can provide an individualised explanation and reinforcement of the information provided during informed consent.
Accuracy and remunerative implications of clinical coding in elective plastic surgery
Authors: Georgiou A , Ruston J , Haque S , Woollard A 
Published: June 2022

Introduction Accurate coding is essential to ensure correct remuneration for clinical procedures. However, coders are non-clinical, and use operative and discharge notes to infer what they think are appropriate codes. As plastic surgery encompasses a huge variety of procedures, the codes used may not reflect the procedures performed. Methods Electronic records from July/August 2019 were consulted to identify commonly performed procedures on elective lists that were then reviewed retrospectively by a coding auditor and a clinician. Procedures were chosen to reflect a range of plastic surgery, including hand surgery, breast surgery and general plastic surgery. The changes to the clinical codes (procedural and diagnostic) and Healthcare Resource Group tariff implications were analysed. The audit loop was completed in July 2020 after the introduction of clinical coding improvement strategies. Results A total of 65 relevant cases were included. Changes were made in 31 cases (24 changes to OPCS-4 codes and 7 changes to ICD-10 codes). Significant remunerative implications for the department were noted (£209 per patient on average). Conclusions This study has demonstrated a clear need for collaboration between clinicians and coders. Increased surgeon awareness of clinical coding and clear documentation are essential. We have presented strategies to improve coding as part of a continued quality improvement.