bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extra-special quotients of surface braid groups and double Kodaira fibrations with small signature
Authors: Polizzi Francesco , Sabatino Pietro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study some special systems of generators on finite groups, introduced in previous work by the first author and called diagonal double Kodaira structures, in order to investigate finite non-abelian quotients of the pure braid group on two strands $${\mathsf {P}}_2(\Sigma _b)$$

P
2

(

Σ
b

)

, where $$\Sigma _b$$

Σ
b

is a closed Riemann surface of genus b. In particular, we prove that, if a finite group G admits a diagonal double Kodaira structure, then $$|G|\ge 32$$

|
G
|
≥
32

, and equality holds if and only if G is extra-special. In the last section, as a geometrical application of our algebraic results, we construct two 3-dimensional families of double Kodaira fibrations having signature 16. Such surfaces are different from the ones recently constructed by Lee, Lönne and Rollenske and, as far as we know, they provide the first examples of positive-dimensional families of double Kodaira fibrations with small signature.
Identifying Metacognitive Behavior in Problem-Posing Processes
Authors: Baumanns Lukas , Rott Benjamin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInsights into the process of mathematical problem posing is a central concern in mathematics education research. However, little is known about regulative or metacognitive behaviors that are essential to understanding this process. In this study, we investigate metacognitive behavior in problem posing. We aim at (1) identifying problem-posing-specific metacognitive behaviors and (2) applying these identified metacognitive behaviors to illustrate differences in problem-posing processes. For these aims, we identified problem-posing-specific metacognitive behaviors of planning, monitoring & control, and evaluating in task-based interviews with primary and secondary pre-service teachers. As a proof of concept, the identified behaviors are applied on two selected transcript fragments to illustrate how a problem-posing-specific framework of metacognitive behavior reveals differences in problem-posing processes.
Epistemic Emotions and Observations Are Intertwined in Scientific Sensemaking: A Study among Upper Secondary Physics Students
Authors: Vilhunen Elisa , Chiu Mei-Hung , Salmela-Aro Katariina , Lavonen Jari , Juuti Kalle 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between emotions and development of scientific understanding by examining (1) how students perform in scientific sensemaking in the context of a three-cycle predict-observe-explain (POE) activity, (2) what kind of trajectories of situational epistemic emotions students show when making sense of the phenomenon, and (3) how students’ performance in sensemaking is related to their emotional trajectories. Data from 109 participant students were collected in six upper secondary physics classes. Students’ performance in sensemaking was evaluated based on their answers on POE items and categorised through qualitative content analysis. Situational epistemic emotions (surprise, curiosity, confusion, and boredom) were measured using a four-point Likert scale after each POE cycle. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify groups of students with distinctive emotional trajectories. The relationship between the performance in POE activity and emotional trajectories was explored by a chi-square test. The results indicate that students’ inability to make relevant observations is significantly related to experienced boredom. Furthermore, students who perform better in making sense of the phenomenon are more likely to experience surprise, curiosity, and confusion. This implies that engaging students to be curious when they observe and test predictions is an important mission for curriculum designers and teachers in practice. The findings underline the importance of epistemic emotions in educational settings and the complexity of the interplay between cognitive and affective factors in learning situations.
Investigating how Explicit Contextual Cues Affect Predictive Sensorimotor Control in Autistic Adults
Authors: Arthur Tom , Brosnan Mark , Harris David , Buckingham Gavin , Wilson Mark , Williams Genevieve , Vine Sam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractResearch suggests that sensorimotor difficulties in autism could be reduced by providing individuals with explicit contextual information. To test this, we examined autistic visuomotor control during a virtual racquetball task, in which participants hit normal and unexpectedly-bouncy balls using a handheld controller. The probability of facing each type of ball was varied unpredictably over time. However, during cued trials, participants received explicit information about the likelihood of facing each uncertain outcome. When compared to neurotypical controls, autistic individuals displayed poorer task performance, atypical gaze profiles, and more restricted swing kinematics. These visuomotor patterns were not significantly affected by contextual cues, indicating that autistic people exhibit underlying differences in how prior information and environmental uncertainty are dynamically modulated during movement tasks.
Will You Make Me Happy? The Role of Dating and Dating Violence Victimisation in Happiness Among Adolescents in Europe
Authors: Jaskulska Sylwia , Jankowiak Barbara , Sanz-Barbero Belén , De Claire Karen , Bowes Nicola , Silva Estefânia , Neves Sofia , Albaladejo-Blázquez Natalia , Pyżalski Jacek , Waszyńska Katarzyna , Chmura-Rutkowska Iwona , Vives-Cases Carmen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurpose: the aim of the article is to show the role of dating and dating violence victimisation, different socioeconomic characteristics, personal experiences of abuse, perceived social support, and the ability to resolve social problems in happiness among adolescents in Europe.Methods: the study had a cross-sectional design. The study participants were 1.528 students from secondary schools (age 13–16) in Spain, Italy, Romania, Portugal, Poland, and the UK. In order to understand which variables were associated with happiness, we fit multiple regression models.Results: the mean value of happiness is lower when teens are in a romantic or dating relationship and have suffered physical and/or sexual violence [β (CI 95%): -1.32(-2.41; -0.22)].Both not being a victim of bullying and cyberbullying [β(CI 95%):0.90 (0.38; 1.41)] and not witnessing domestic violence against the mother β(CI 95%):1.97(1.06; 2.87)] is associated with relatively higher mean happiness value compared to having such experiences of violence. Also, problem-solving skills [β (CI 95%):0.13 (0.11; 0.14)] and perception of social support [β (CI 95%): 0.03 (0.02, 0.03)] is positively associated with mean value of happiness.Conclusions: there is an association between dating violence victimisation, and happiness among adolescents in Europe. The results suggest the importance of creating healthy, non-violent romantic relationships to build happiness during adolescence, the importance of seeking social support and to provide educational interventions focused on the development of problem-solving skills.
Investigation of Superconducting Molybdenum Silicide Nanostrips and Microstrips for Single Photon Detectors
Authors: Parlato L. , Salvoni D. , Ejrnaes M. , Mattioli F. , Gaggero A. , Martini F. , Massarotti D. , Montemurro D. , Satariano R. , Ferraiuolo R. , Chianese F. , Tafuri F. , Cristiano R. , Pepe G. P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSuperconducting nanostrip single photon detectors have emerged as the highest performing single-photon detectors; however, the possibility to use superconducting microstrip as single photon detectors is very appealing both to use them as larger areas detectors and for an easier technology in the manufacturing. The aim of this work is to test the photoresponse in liquid helium dewar of 9 nm thick MoSi covered with a very thin (2 nm) layer of Al, in two different configurations: nanomeanders and microstrips. We demonstrate that MoSi/Al microstrips can work as photodetectors also at T = 4.2 K. We also compare the dark count rate of the microstrip and the nanowire, confirming the lower noise for the microstrips also at 4.2 K.
A Testbed for Modeling Validation and Characterization of Quasi-optical Elements in Microwave Receivers
Authors: Lamagna L. , Basilicata M. , Occhiuzzi A. , Columbro F. , Coppolecchia A. , D’Alessandro G. , Bernardis P. de , Masi S. , Mele L. , Paiella A. , Pisano G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe describe the setup for the broadband millimeter/submillimeter characterization of the quasi-optical elements and the dielectric materials commonly used in microwave receivers operated in microwave astronomy. The setup is made of a large aperture (100 mm) Fourier transform spectrometer coupled to a transition edge superconducting detector. The system has been assembled and characterized in different configurations and operation modes for the acquisition of interferograms from various kinds of samples. After the initial test runs, the configuration is now being updated to ensure a broader range of measurements, including reflectance and scattering. We plan to first use this testbed for the characterization of the dielectric materials used in the LSPE/SWIPE experiment, devoted to the study the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background.
Development of an Organic Plastic Scintillator-based Muon Veto Operating at Sub-Kelvin Temperatures for the NUCLEUS Experiment
Authors: Erhart A. , Wagner V. , Klinkenberg L. , Lasserre T. , Lhuillier D. , Nones C. , Rogly R. , Savu V. , Strauss R. , Vivier M. ,   on behalf of the NUCLEUS collaboration
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe NUCLEUS experiment aims at measuring the coherent elastic scattering of nuclear reactor antineutrinos off nuclei using cryogenic calorimeters. Operating at an overburden of 3 m.w.e., muon-induced backgrounds are expected to be dominant. It is therefore essential to develop an efficient muon veto, with a detection efficiency of more than 99 %. This will be realized in NUCLEUS through a compact cube assembly of plastic scintillator panels. In order to prevent a large unshielded area where the cryostat intersects the shielding arrangement without unnecessarily increasing the induced detector dead time, a novel concept has been investigated, featuring a plastic scintillator-based active muon veto operating inside the NUCLEUS cryostat at sub-Kelvin temperatures. The verification of the key physical aspects of this cryogenic muon veto detector led to the first reported measurements of organic plastic scintillators at sub-Kelvin temperatures. The functionality of the principal scintillation process of organic plastic scintillators at these temperatures has been confirmed. On the basis of these findings, a disk-shape plastic scintillator equipped with wavelength shifting fibers and a silicon photomultiplier to guide and detect the scintillation light has been developed. The NUCLEUS cryogenic muon veto will be the first of its kind to be operated at sub-Kelvin temperatures.
Thermal analysis of the biceps tendon samples obtained from patients underwent reversed shoulder arthroplasty for comminuted proximal humerus fractures
Authors: Nöt László G. , Bata András , Lábas Zoltán , Szabó Hajnalka , Cifra János , Lőrinczy Dénes 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMost commonly occurring in elderly patients, the comminuted 4-part or Neer VI type proximal humerus fractures frequently necessitate complete shoulder replacement. Despite the recent advances in imaging technologies, there is still a need for more information about the degree of joint degeneration and changes of the collagen content of tendons to select the proper implant type. It is known that human long head biceps tendon subjected to synovial inflammation and mechanical wear could result in tear and structural damage. Differential scanning calorimetry has already been demonstrated to be a dependable in the assessment of collagen in degenerative tendon conditions. The purpose of the study was to determine whether variations in thermal parameters detected by DSC are related to the degenerative changes of LHBT samples. LHBT tendons were collected from patients who had reversed shoulder arthroplasty because of trauma. DSC was utilized to measure the thermodynamic changes. Macroscopical, radiological and histological assessment were also performed. Based on the thermal parameters and denaturation curves, LHBT samples collected of patients underwent reversed shoulder arthroplasty due to comminuted proximal humerus fracture have shown minimal or mild degenerative injuries. These data were supported by preoperative radiological examination and histological analysis. The authors suggest that DSC could be a useful investigative tool in the clinical evaluation of tendon injuries.
The objective that freed me: a multi-objective local search approach for continuous single-objective optimization
Authors: Aspar Pelin , Steinhoff Vera , Schäpermeier Lennart , Kerschke Pascal , Trautmann Heike , Grimme Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSingle-objective continuous optimization can be challenging, especially when dealing with multimodal problems. This work sheds light on the effects that multi-objective optimization may have in the single-objective space. For this purpose, we examine the inner mechanisms of the recently developed sophisticated local search procedure SOMOGSA. This method solves multimodal single-objective continuous optimization problems based on first expanding the problem with an additional objective (e.g., a sphere function) to the bi-objective domain and subsequently exploiting local structures of the resulting landscapes. Our study particularly focuses on the sensitivity of this multiobjectivization approach w.r.t. (1) the parametrization of the artificial second objective, as well as (2) the position of the initial starting points in the search space. As SOMOGSA is a modular framework for encapsulating local search, we integrate Nelder–Mead local search as optimizer in the respective module and compare the performance of the resulting hybrid local search to its original single-objective counterpart. We show that the SOMOGSA framework can significantly boost local search by multiobjectivization. Hence, combined with more sophisticated local search and metaheuristics, this may help solve highly multimodal optimization problems in the future.
Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles by decomposition of iron-oleate: influence of the heating rate on the particle size
Authors: Ullrich Aladin , Rahman Mohammad Mostafizar , Azhar Ahmed , Kühn Michael , Albrecht Manfred 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNanoparticles from transition metal oxides can be synthesized in various ways. A common synthesis route uses metal-oleate complex precursors that can be thermally decomposed, leading to crystalline metal-oxide nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution. The morphology of nanoparticles synthesized in such a way is strongly influenced by the synthesis parameters. In this study, the influence of the heating profile during the decomposition of iron oleate precursor on the size of the resulting iron oxide nanoparticles in the presence of surfactants was investigated. As surfactants oleic acid and sodium oleate were utilized for nanoparticle synthesis allowing additionally for shape control. Most of the prepared nanoparticles reveal a characteristic core–shell structure. The dominant structure is the cubic spinel structure of maghemite (γ-(Fe3+)2O3) or magnetite (Fe2+(Fe3+)2O4), while in the core region of the nanoparticles, wustite (Fe2+O) is present. The heating rate applied for the nanoparticle synthesis was systematically varied from 1 to 30 °C/min, while all other parameters were kept constant. A strong increase of the particle size (> 20 nm) was observed for low heating rates, which could be explained qualitatively in the frame of the LaMer model and allows for fine-tuning and control of the particle size.
Evidence that financing decisions contribute to the zero-earnings discontinuity
Authors: Makarem Naser , Liu Frank Hong , Chen Lei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we argue that financing decisions contribute to the zero-earnings discontinuity. We find a discontinuity in the distribution of earnings before tax and earnings before special items, but not in the distribution of earnings before interest which suggests that interest expense contributes to the zero-earnings discontinuity. To investigate the role of interest expense in the zero-earnings discontinuity, we further show that there was a discontinuity in the distribution of the level of debt issues around zero earnings contemporaneous with the zero-earnings discontinuity. We also show that the recent disappearance of zero-earnings discontinuity is coincident with the disappearance of the discontinuity in the debt issuance distribution. Overall, our findings suggest that the level of debt contributed to the zero-earnings discontinuity when it existed.
Was unterscheidet Führung in Präsenz vom virtuellen Raum?
Authors: Schullan Bernhard 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Diskussion über Führung in Präsenz und in der virtuellen Welt hat durch die Covid19 bedingte Verlagerung von Arbeitsplätzen in die Homeoffices neuen Schwung aufgenommen. Jedoch muss in die Diskussion miteinfließen, wie und wodurch Führung wirksam wird. Kommunikation auf sachlicher, affektiver und emotionaler Ebene ist das Bindeglied zwischen Führungskraft und Geführten. Aber gerade Kommunikation unterscheidet sich grundlegend in Präsenz und im virtuellen Raum. Das Kommunikationsmodell von Owen Hargie beschreibt detailliert die einzelnen Kommunikationsanteile in verbaler und nonverbaler Kommunikation. Somit können die einzelnen Kommunikationsanteile für die virtuelle, also technische Übertragung einzeln untersucht und bewertet werden.
Thermal and photoperiodic requirements of the seedling stage of three tropical forest species
Authors: Martins Fabrina Bolzan , de Cássia Ferreira Mábele , Fagundes Flávia Fernanda Azevedo , Florêncio Gabriel Wilson Lorena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAir temperature and photoperiod play an important role in the seedling development for tropical forest species. Both variables are sensitive to climate, and so evaluating thermal and photoperiodic effects on seedling development is fundamental, especially for climate change studies. Methods to quantify thermal time and the energy required for plants to reach a development stage include air temperature and cardinal temperatures. The photoperiod will also affect physiological reactions of a plant and thus its development. Here we evaluated the six thermal time methods widely used to compute thermal requirement, and identified the influence of the photoperiod from the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons and 12 sowing dates in Itajubá, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, on seedling development of three native tropical forest species Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae), Citharexylum myrianthum Cham. (Verbenaceae), and Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae). The method used to quantify thermal time influenced the analytical results of seedling development; the one that considered three cardinal temperatures and compared them with the mean air temperature (Method 5) performed better in computing thermal requirements. The influence of photoperiod on seedling development was inconclusive for the three species, but all three developed better in mild temperatures (between 13.3 °C and 26.9 °C) with a photoperiod shorter than 13 h.
Husband is a Priority: Gender Roles, Patriarchy and the Naming of Female Children in Nigeria
Authors: Mensah Eyo O. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn onomastic practices of some traditional societies in Nigeria, stereotyped gender roles and patriarchy are deliberately perpetuated in the naming of female children, thus using naming traditions as weapons against girl-children. In these cultures, names are bestowed on female children to align with existing sexist norms and gender ideology in which the namer is dominant and the named is subservient. This article explores, from an ethnographic qualitative approach, the politics of this naming regime, and highlights the centrality of naming in the social construction of gender in two cultural traditions in Nigeria: Bette (South-east), and Owe (North-central), which entrench inequality and illuminate power and dominance against the girl-child. It considers the implications of this regime of names on the girl-child from the perspective of “doing gender” (West and Zimmermann in Gender Soc 1:125–151, 1987), which simultaneously recreates and reinforces the cultural meaning of gender and the systems of power and oppression on which it rests. I demonstrate how personal names are overtly used to enact conformism and/or resistance to patriarchy and the results, based on linguistic evidence, reveal that participants who conform to traditional gender norms or ideologies tended to reify inequality and oppressive gender regime through the choice of their names. Participants who resisted normative conception of gender opened up space for agency and autonomy, and thus expanded the frontiers of their gender expression.
On the Use of Eye Movements in Symptom Validity Assessment of Feigned Schizophrenia
Authors: Ales Francesca , Giromini Luciano , Warmelink Lara , Polden Megan , Wilcockson Thomas , Kelly Claire , Winters Christina , Zennaro Alessandro , Crawford Trevor 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAssessing the credibility of reported mental health problems is critical in a variety of assessment situations, particularly in forensic contexts. Previous research has examined how the assessment of performance validity can be improved through the use of bio-behavioral measures (e.g., eye movements). To date, however, there is a paucity of literature on the use of eye tracking technology in assessing the validity of presented symptoms of schizophrenia, a disorder that is known to be associated with oculomotor abnormalities. Thus, we collected eye tracking data from 83 healthy individuals during the completion of the Inventory of Problems – 29 and investigated whether the oculomotor behavior of participants instructed to feign schizophrenia would differ from those of control participants asked to respond honestly. Results showed that feigners had a longer dwell time and a greater number of fixations in the feigning-keyed response options, regardless of whether they eventually endorsed those options (d > 0.80). Implications on how eye tracking technology can deepen comprehension on simulation strategies are discussed, as well as the potential of investigating eye movements to advance the field of symptom validity assessment.