bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Its Relationship with Death Incidence
Authors: Alabedeen Aseel Yahia Zain , Alzaal Raghad , Ali Ayman 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a life-threatening medical emergency characterized by bleeding from the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of death in patients.
Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted in the period between 2021–2022, the hospital’s consent was obtained to view patients’ data, samples were collected from patient records in the Gastrointestinal Division of the hospital. The study included 199 patients admitted to the Gastrointestinal Division who were diagnosed with gastrointestinal bleeding at Al-Mujtahid Hospital in Damascus, the exclusion criteria included both archival errors, and cases with incomplete data that cannot be studied.
Results:
Out of the 199 patients, 68.8% were male and 31.2% were female. The average age of patients was 57.4 years, melena was the most prominent clinical manifestation of bleeding, with 68.2% of patients, followed by Coffee ground vomiting by 34.2%, 30.2% with a history of unexplained hypotension, and 26.1% with a history of haematemesis. The majority used the Rockall warning system with a percentage of 98.5%. The majority had concomitant heart disease 31.2%. Considering the drugs used, aspirin, corticosteroids, and clopidogrel were the top results, 39.9% of patients had a history of heart, 96.5% of patients were conscious, and endoscopy revealed active bleeding in 34.2%. 69.3% had gastric ulcers, 25.1% had esophageal varices, and the majority had a Forrest Ia rating of 32.2% and a grade III of 30.2%. 37.2% needed endoscopic intervention, 19.1% had banding, 11.6% had thermal coagulation, and 10.1% had laparotomy. Death occurred in 6.5% of patients, while 83.4% needed a surgery. Our results found a statistically significant relationship between the incidence of death and each of the advanced age, cardiac antecedents, haematemesis, Coffee ground vomiting, and esophageal varices.
Conclusion:
Our findings reveal the association of various factors with the incidence of death in cases of UGIB reviewed at Damascus Hospital.These results are significant but may not be generalizable, so we recommend conducting more comprehensive studies.
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics for modelling cold-water coral habitats in changing oceans
Authors: Georgoulas Konstantinos , Hennige Sebastian , Lee Yeaw Chu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

The importance of the growth, proliferation and longevity of reef-forming cold-water corals is paramount as they support various complex bio-diverse habitats and provide many essential ecosystem services. These cold-water coral reefs consist of layers of living coral tissue that grow above large masses of coral skeleton. Here, the Goldilocks Principle is used to promote growth in ‘just right’ conditions and model how cold-water corals engineer their habitat to survive and prosper. A computational fluid dynamics model is created based on the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method, a mesh-free Lagrangian numerical method. The SPH solver is written in the C++ programming language and parallelised with OpenMP to improve its efficiency and reduce the execution times. The solver is validated against analytical and numerical solutions.
Natural Convection Heat Transfer From an Isothermal Plate
Authors: Jaffer Aubrey 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Currently, natural convection heat transfer from horizontal,
upward-facing plates is known only within expected measurement
uncertainties at the Rayleigh numbers (Ra) which have been measured.
This investigation derives from theory a comprehensive formula which
predicts natural convection heat transfer from unobstructed,
upward-facing, isothermal plates. The union of four peer-reviewed
data-sets spanning 1 < Ra < 1012 has 5.4% root-mean-squared relative
error (RMSRE) versus this new heat transfer formula. This novel
theory is based on the thermodynamic constraints on heat-engine
efficiency. It derives a formula nearly identical to Churchill and
Chu (1975) for vertical plates at 1 < Ra < 1012 . The formula it
derives for downward-facing plates has 3.8% RMSRE on four
peer-reviewed data-sets spanning 106 < Ra < 1012 ; this is an
improvement compared with 4.6% RMSRE of the Schulenberg (1985) formula
on the same data. This investigation introduces harmonic mean as the
characteristic-length metric for vertical and downward-facing plates,
extending these rectangular plate formulas to other convex shapes. It
achieves 3.8% RMSRE on vertical disk convection measurements from
Hassani and Hollands (1987) and 3.2% from Kobus and Wedekind (1995).
Building on the work of Fujii and Imura (1972) and Raithby and
Hollands (1998), the three orthogonal plate formulas are combined to
calculate the heat transfer at any plate inclination, achieving 4.7%
RMSRE on the inclined plate measurements from Fujii and Imura.
Trends in the incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention among adults in South Korea, 2006–2016: A nationwide population study
Authors: Kwon SuYeon , Cha Seungwoo , Kim Junsik , Han Kyungdo , Paik Nam-Jong , Kim Won-Seok 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of dysphagia is increasing, resulting in socioeconomic burden, but previous reports have only been based on a specific population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the nationwide incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention to provide adequate information for healthcare planning and resource allocation.
Methods
In this nationwide retrospective cohort study, the data of adults aged ≥ 20 years recorded from 2006 to 2016 were sourced from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Medical claim codes based on ICD-10-CM were used to define dysphagia and possible causes. The annual incidence and prevalence of dysphagia were calculated. Cox regression was used to estimate dysphagia risk in people with possible dysphagia etiology. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the mortality and hazard ratio of dysphagia.
Results
The crude annual incidence of dysphagia increased continuously from 7.14 in 2006 to 15.64 in 2016. The crude annual prevalence of dysphagia in 2006 was 0.09% and increased annually to 0.25% in 2016. Stroke (odds ratio [OR]: 7.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.76–6.68), neurodegenerative disease (OR: 6.20, 95% CI: 5.76–6.68), cancer (OR: 5.59, 95% CI: 5.17–6.06), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 2.71–3.18) were associated with a high risk of dysphagia. The mortality in the dysphagia group was 3.12 times higher than that in the non-dysphagia group (hazard ratio: 3.12, 95% CI: 3.03–3.23).
Conclusions
The incidence and prevalence of dysphagia requiring medical attention are increasing annually. The increasing trend was conspicuous in the elderly group older than 60 years. The presence of stroke, neurodegenerative disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with a high risk of dysphagia. Therefore, adequate screening, diagnosis, and management of dysphagia in the older population must be emphasized in geriatric healthcare.
Metal-Wired Plastic Beads as A Urethral Foreign Body in A Male with Erectile Dysfunction: A Case Report
Authors: Harsanto Andrian , Satjakoesoemah Adistra Imam , Sumardi Rochani 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction : Self-insertion of urethral foreign bodies are rare and unique urological emergencies. These cases are unique in terms of the object inserted as well as the reasons behind the insertion. Erectile dysfunction, among other factors, might present as an underlying reason for these cases. We present a case of plastic beads as a urethral foreign body in a male with erectile dysfunction. Case presentation : 46-year-old male came to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of urosepsis after inserting 4 necklace beads into his urethra during sexual intercourse in order to overcome his erectile dysfunction. The foreign body was successfully retrieved by urethroscopy after managing the urosepsis. Due to their rarity, there is still no guideline on the management of these cases. Conclusion : Adequate imaging of the foreign object, proper planning of extraction methods, simultaneous diagnosis and management of existing complications, follow ups, as well as addressing the underlying reasons for foreign object insertion are the keys to successfully managing these rare and challenging cases.
Spatial modelling and mapping of Gully Erosion Susceptibility using Neural Network Methods
Authors: Saha Asish , Pal Subodh Chandra , Arabameri Alireza , Chowdhuri Indrajit , Rezaie Fatemeh , Chakrabortty Rabin , Roy Paramita 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It plays a key role in redistributing degraded soils on a track. It is very important therefore to discuss the pattern of spatial occurrences of this phenomenon. Different methods have been used to map the susceptibility of gully erosion, most of which are data mining methods, but their calibration and measurement procedures need to be thoroughly discussed. The current research introduces a set of individual data mining methods of artificial neural networks (ANNs) such as multilayer perceptron (MLP), radial basic function (RBF), Backpropagation neural network (BPNN), ELMAN Neural Network (ELMNN) and fully connected spare autoencoder (FC-SAE) are used in order to map gully erosion susceptibility (GES) in Garhbeta-I C.D. Block of Paschim Medinipur district in West Bengal, India. A gully inventory map has been used for this purpose along with 20 gully conditioning variables. A randomly distributed sample of 70:30 per cent was used to assess the efficiency and predictive strength of the methods. Moreover, the random forest (RF) model was used to test the importance of gully erosion conditioning factors (GECFs) because of the greater capacities and accuracy in contrast with other data mining techniques. The result from the success of the model has been validated by the receiver operating characteristics-area under curve (ROC-AUC). The findings show that the MLP is the robustness model with the AUC value of 0.95 compared to the remaining models. The findings of this analysis may provide an outline for more biophysical planning of gullies dispersed throughout the study field.
Successes, Challenges and Opportunities towards Universal Health Coverage for Maternal and Child Health in South East Asian Region Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Perera Upuli Amaranganie Pushpakumari , Gilks Charles , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG-3) aims to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all. Universal Health Coverage (UHC) assures delivering health services to all who need without suffering from financial hardships. This paper aims to identify the successes, challenges and opportunities towards achieving UHC for maternal and childcare in countries in the World Health Organization, South East Asian Region (SEAR).
Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, WHO research portal and Google scholar for studies published in English from 2010 to 2020. We included studies conducted in maternal and childcare focusing on challenges, opportunities or successes towards UHC in countries in SEAR. Data was synthesized and presented as a narrative description, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Results: We identified 62 studies with different study designs from eight SEAR countries , majority were from India. We observed successes or opportunities in access and quality in maternal and child health (MCH) with government cash transfer schemes and private sector contribution in India, Bangladesh and Indonesia. Politically prioritized MCH care was identified as an opportunity in a state of India.
Inadequate healthcare infrastructure including trained human resources, medical products and other supplies were identified as the main challenges in the region. Facilities are overcrowded in Bangladesh and Indonesia. From provider perspective, health care workers’ knowledge and skills as well as attitudes and behaviors were also identified as issues in the region. Lack of health literacy, misconceptions and cultural barriers are identified as challenges from clients’ side. Difficulties in geographical distribution and transport were contributing to poor healthcare access in four countries. Deficiencies in government policies and administration were identified in some fields. Poverty was detected as an overarching barrier.
Conclusions: SEAR countries have demonstrated improvements in access, quality and equity on MCH towards UHC. There are, however, challenges related to human and other resources, health care facilities and socio-economic determinants of health. Regional bodies as well as authorities in individual countries should work on these issues to address challenges to achieve UHC.
Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42020166404
Design Thinking in Learning and Innovation towards Design Process in IR 4.0
Authors: Mat Nasir Nafisah , Zainurin Umi Hayati , Abd Hamid Linda , Zainal Abidin Shahriman 
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the advanced concept that can inspire innovation, but the difficulty can also encourage it. Innovation is crucial in today's fast-paced world when people's perceptions may shift quickly. This study examines how the Design Thinking application is helpful in learning and innovation towards the design process in Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 in the classroom among students to innovate and connect the growth of the more advanced age with a creative style of thinking throughout time. When students use design thinking, they can come up with new ideas.
Keywords: Design Thinking; Industrial Revolution; Learning
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI
The 'First Time User' Experience Conceptual Framework
Authors: Mohd Lazim Nur Aniza , Harun Azahar , Abdul Razak Mohamed Razeef , Abdul Rahman Andrialis 
Published: October 2022

Every user who is using an application should have started somewhere. From HCI perspective, successful onboarding provides an opportunity to realize a return on investment in mobile applications and ensure that newcomers quickly become engaged and productive while onboarding new applications on their smartphones. Onboarding is defined as the process of helping new hires adjust to performance new tasks quickly. This mixed methodology paper aims to understand user preferences and adaptability on new applications and construct a conceptual framework of a successful onboarding experience from a quality mobile application using the FTUX framework.
Keywords:: 'First Time User Experience (Ftux)' 'Emotional Design' 'Artificial Emotion' 'Onboarding Experience'
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. They were published for AMER ABRA CE-Bs by E-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI
STEM Education Elements in Islamic Studies Syllabus in Malaysia
Authors: Yakob Mohd Asmadi , Yahaya Amiratul Munirah , Md Shariff Nur Nafhatun , Hamidi Zety Sharizat 
Published: October 2022

STEM education integrates science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics knowledge that is emphasized in Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025. A few STEM elements are drawn in Islamic Education syllabus in the lower forms. This study aims to examine the extent to which STEM elements are absorbed in form one to three Islamic Education syllabus. Qualitative study framework that analyses the extent of STEM elements existence in Islamic Education syllabus based on syllabus perception. Excellent and efficient teaching can inculcate students' interest in science, and the awareness of its integration with Islamic religion is needed for the ummah and Islamic civilization advancement.
Keywords: STEM Education, Syllabus, Islamic Education
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7%20(Special%20Issue).3805
Interpretation of Humanoid Design towards ASD Learning Abilities: Theoretical framework
Authors: Zainal Abidin Fatin Amirrah , Anwar Rusmadiah , Siran Zainudin 
Published: October 2022

The humanoid robot has been used in part of the intervention programme for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Some studies address what kind of form and functionality a human-like robot should have to be socially accepted by them as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children's motivation faces complex challenges. This research aims to study the specific factor, problems and connection elements between the contexts of issues related to the interpretation of humanoid design toward ASD learning abilities. All the studied variables identified from the literature of recent theory models were summarized and arranged accordingly to form the conceptual framework.
Keywords: Humanoid Robot Design; Personalisation; New Product Development; ASD Learning Abilities
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7%20(Special%20Issue).3807
Artificial Intelligence-Powered Criminal Sentencing in Malaysia: A conflict with the rule of law
Authors: Mohd Shith Putera Nurus Sakinatul Fikriah , Saripan Hartini , A. Bajury Mimi Sintia , Ya’cob Syazni Nadzirah 
Published: October 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) promises to heighten human decision-making, including in court. AI sentencing would be better at detecting, organizing, and calibrating all of the variables correlated to sentencing, such as prior criminal records, educational background, substance abuse history, and employment history, resulting in consistencies that traditional sentencing may not be able to provide. AI pervades the Malaysian judiciary system when AI criminal sentencing was launched for the first time to augment the process of meting out sentences in Sabah courts. Despite its promising benefits, AI sentencing may infringe the fundamental principle of due process, presents unacceptable risks of error and implicit bias, and reliance on AI to predict recidivism which forms significant components of the rule of law. The rule of law guarantees that all entities are subject to and accountable to a clear and known law. It enables the judicial branch of the government to be independent and to resolve dispute in a fair manner while upholding the presumption of innocence and preventing the exercise of arbitrary powers. The present research, therefore, examines the use of AI in supporting court processes and human judges, discovering its technical characteristics, practical constraints, and legal theoretical consequences for decision-making processes. Employing jurisprudential analysis as the method of research, this research explores an adjudicatory paradigm that prefers standardisation over discretion, leading in the waning of the notion of rule of law pertinent to the justice system. The metamorphosis to AI adjudication will undoubtedly promote the growth of digitalized dispute resolution by providing efficiency and at least a semblance of impartiality, but it is also poised to birth concerns by making the legal system data-driven, alienating, and disillusioning.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Intelligence in Courts, Artificial Intelligence in Criminal Justice
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7%20(Special%20Issue).3813
Removing Dust From the German Health Care System by Introducing Health Apps Into Standard Care: Semistructured Interview Study
Authors: Heidel Alexandra , Hagist Christian , Spinler Stefan , Schoeneberger Michael 
Published: October 2022

Background
In 2019, Germany launched the Digital Healthcare Act. The reform enables physicians to prescribe health apps as treatments to their statutory-insured patients.

Objective
We aimed to determine the extent to which the integration of health apps into standard care could be considered beneficial and which aspects of the regulation could still be improved.

Methods
We conducted a semistructured interview study with 23 stakeholders in Germany and analyzed them thematically. We used descriptive coding for the first-order codes and pattern coding for the second-order codes.

Results
We created 79 first-order codes and 9 second-order codes following the interview study. Most stakeholders argued that the option of prescribing health apps could improve treatment quality.

Conclusions
The inclusion of health apps into German standard care could improve the quality of treatment by expanding treatment portfolios. The educational elements of the apps might additionally lead to more patient emancipation through a better understanding of personal conditions. Location and time flexibility are the biggest advantages of the new technologies, but they also raise the most significant concerns for stakeholders because app use requires personal initiative and self-motivation. Overall, stakeholders agree that the Digital Healthcare Act has the potential to remove dust from the German health care system.