bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The main trends of digitalization in agriculture
Authors: Nezamova O A , Olentsova J A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Digitalization processes are currently being increasingly introduced into various sectors of the national economy, including the agricultural sector. Agriculture has traditionally been a costly industry and has always had large losses throughout the entire production process, which led to a decrease in production efficiency. Digitalization in agriculture is designed to solve the vast majority of these problems and significantly increase the profitability of the industry. Digitalization helps to cover the whole range of actions, automate processes, cover the fullness of information, bring it into a single system, process it promptly, clearly monitor all processes, significantly reduce the loss of resources of all kinds, completely eliminate the corruption component. Digitalization makes it possible to constantly monitor any process in crop production, animal husbandry, processing, logistics and prevent the development of some negative phenomena. Field monitoring involves monitoring the qualitative characteristics of soils and crops, crop rotation management, recommendations for crop rotation planning, helps to trace the entire cycle of work from planting to harvesting, including logistics. Since there are large losses of agricultural products in the process of moving products, it seems appropriate to use digital technologies in logistics, which should significantly increase production efficiency. Control of finished products involves accounting for the harvest (from field to weight), monitoring the progress of the harvesting campaign, the amount of harvest for each field separately, the production of each employee, accounting for the work of carriers.
New technology of pre-treating processing of grain crops seeds by protective-incentive means
Authors: Nurullin E G , Zainutdinov I R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As the result analysis of known materials in the field of seed preparation, patent search and their systematization, an innovative approach is proposed, on the basis of which a conceptual model of a new technology for pre-sowing seeds of cereals by working solutions of chemical and biological protective-stimulating agents with preliminary dust cleaning in a continuous hermetic single technological flow. According to the proposed technology pre-sowing preparation is carried out directly at the seed storage site, which excludes energy-consuming and labor-intensive loading-unloading and transportation operations. The basis of the new technology is a combined machine for pre-sowing treatment with pneumatic loading and dust separating device, which works as follows. Seeds, from a boot by a pneumatic loader, where the seed surface is cleaned of dust, are fed into the dust separator. In the dust separator there is a separation of seeds and a dust-air mixture. In this case, the cleaned seeds without contact with the dusty medium are sent to the treatment zone where the fine particles of the working fluid (less than 40 microns), moving in the air flow, are applied to the surface of the seeds, which ensures the accuracy of the rate of application and the uniformity of the working solution distribution by the weight of the seeds and on the surface of each grain. When pre-sowing seed treatment with biopesticides, a temperature regime is maintained that ensures the vitality and effectiveness of the biopesticides action. The processed seeds are packed in sacks and sent for sowing. The proposed technology will provide increased productivity and reduced energy intensity of the technological process, reducing the seeds trauma, eliminating the over expenditure of expensive protective and stimulating agents and improving the quality of processing, high life activity and effectiveness of biopesticides exposure, reducing environmental stress and harmful effects on humans.
The dynamics of forest fires and their impact on the environment
Authors: Gazizov A M , Sagitova A B , Sharafutdinov M I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article analyzes the registered forest fires on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the period from 2018 to 2020. It is established that during the period under review there was an increase in the number and area of forest fires. The causes of most fires were natural (thunderstorms) and human factors.
Approaches to the selection of measures to ensure the safety of closed landfills for the disposal of solid municipal waste
Authors: Sereda T G , Elancheva E N , Kostarev S N , Kochinov Y A , Kochinova T V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The approaches to the choice of measures to ensure the environmental safety of closed facilities for the disposal of solid municipal waste (MSW) are considered. Laws of the Russian Federation in terms of requirements for ensuring the safety of waste disposal facilities during the operational and reclamation periods have been studied. Scenarios of the conduct of processes at MSW landfills after reclamation are presented. The article presents the results of engineering and geological research: a comprehensive study of engineering and geological and hydrogeological conditions of the site, composition, condition and properties of soils, the activity of geological processes for making design decisions. Field engineering and geological work, soil sampling from wells have been carried out. Laboratory research of soil samples has been carried out in a soil laboratory. The project of reclamation cover of MSW landfill has been completed, including geosynthetic materials and natural soils, a network of pipelines supplying filtrate for recirculation has been calculated, and a set of work and selection of vegetation at the biological stage of reclamation have been justified. Scenarios of the conduct of processes in the course of reclamation of a waste disposal facility are considered in the case of application of the filtrate recirculation technology with preliminary pH-regulation by changing the structure of the landfill in the first year after reclamation and according to the scheme of the section of the reclaimed landfill upon reaching the stage of destruction of the biodegradable part of the waste. The advantages of the developed reclamation pavement are shown: high cultivation capacity, preservation of drainage properties at high loads, reduced costs for excavation and crushed stone laying, high chemical resistance and environmental friendliness of the material.
Variant analysis of measurement components in environmental engineering
Authors: Evstigneev V P , Kuznetsov P N , Voronin D Y , Naumova V A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Modern environmental engineering requires innovative approaches to intellectual monitoring. There is a need for a large number of geographically distributed measuring modules that have sufficient measurement accuracy for environmental engineering and, at the same time, requiring low financial investment. One of the most important stages of such work is the selection of the optimal sensors that meet these requirements. The article presents the results of parallel measurements of environmental parameters using a set of sensors BME280, AHT20, DHT22 and standard meteorological observations. The BME280 sensor demonstrated the best quality of the reproduction of the parameters. The study was carried out using the developed test bench for the integrated monitoring of meteorological parameters, which allows comparative testing of several sensors with data transmission to a WEB server.
The influence of processing technologies on the differentiation of soil layers by the content of mobile components of organic matter
Authors: Belousov A A , Belousova E N , Stepanova E V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
It is shown that shallow flat-cut tillage contributes to the formation of water-soluble organic matter and causes a significant differentiation of 0-10 and 10-20 cm of the layer according to the content of mobile organic matter. The use of tools with plane-cutting working organs contributed to the accumulation of a plant residues mass, the microbiological activation of their transformation processes and the accumulation of young organic compounds in the upper part of the root layer, significantly exceeding the layer of 10-20 cm.
Investigation of the reliability level of electric cables for sustainable fire protection systems
Authors: Bakirov I K 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
According to statistics, electrical wiring is the most fire-dangerous type of electrical installations, as they account for about 44% of all fires related to electrical equipment and electrical devices. The relevance of the work is that the reliability of cables of fire protection systems directly affects the success of these systems in performing their functions in a fire, which directly affects the safety of people in a fire. The paper evaluates the stability of electric cables of fire protection systems for various methods of laying in conditions of fire exposure, and conducts field tests to assess the reliability of non-combustible electric cables with reduced smoke emission and increased fire resistance for the most popular methods of laying it. Also, a proposal has been developed to change the regulatory document in order to increase the stability of electrical cables of fire protection systems against fire hazards.
Soil-ecological regional assignment of Middle Volga region forest-steppe zone
Authors: Melentyev A A , Chursin A I , Chebotarev P M , Nartova E A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Middle Volga region has a variety of natural resources. In the modern world, the primary task is the competent and reasonable resources consumption. For more complete and rational use of territory natural resource potential, we will consider such important significant factors as relief, soils, agriculture, as well as erosion processes manifestation in their territories. On the territory of Middle Volga region, the main large uplands and low plains, as well as the large rivers valleys and lakes hollows, formed as a result of tectonic uplifts and earth’s crust submergence, experienced a different history. Here, the peculiarities of the geological structure, the different nature and intensity of tectonic movements, which determined different heights amplitudes, affected. In addition to erosion, other exogenous processes participated in their relief appearance formation: winding, sliding, soil leaching, subsidence, etc. As a result, surface structure features of Middle Volga region relief forms have developed.
Analysis of the influence of natural and climatic conditions in the Arctic and the Far North on the stability of air traffic
Authors: Kovalev I V , Testoyedov N A , Kovalev D I , Efa S G 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The analysis of the influence of natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic and Far North on the stability of air connection is investigated in this article. The provision of year-round mainline, interregional and regional air transportation is associated with the complexity of controlling the flight path of aircraft in extreme Arctic conditions. For the Arctic zone, the possibility of using a constellation of low-orbit satellite communication systems is being considered for transmitting data on the position of an aircraft to a control tower located on the ground. In this case, data transmission is possible both using GSM communication through ground stations, and using inter-satellite communication lines.
Ecological potential of pasture ecosystems of desolate steppes in the conservation of the saiga population of the NorthWestern Caspian Sea
Authors: Ubushaev B S , Natyrov A K , Arylov Yu N , Moroz N N , Slizskaya S A , Khakhlinov A I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The destruction of natural ecosystem resulting in reduction or even destruction of saiga habitat is the consequence of anthropogenic impact. The degradation of pasture ecosystem in Kalmykia reached a crucial level and the republic was announced as the disaster zone in 1988. The year 1998 witnessed the reduction of saiga population size from 220 thousand to 55 thousand animals. Registration works in 2014 showed further reduction of saiga to 12 thousand- 12.8 thousand animals. In general, the population of saiga in the North-Western Caspian region continues to be in depression despite low losses of new born saiga (6.2%). The degradation of pastures led to the next stage of population cycle characterized by lower reproduction ability of animals and high level of mortality. This process deteriorates due to worse living conditions during some seasons as well as by decreasing the ability of pastures to give feed.
Analysis of the relationship between the sustainable environmental health and occupational safety: problems, prospects and opportunities
Authors: Abdrakhmanov Nail , Fedosov Artem , Kilinbaeva Ilyuza , Ismagilov Minachmat , Savicheva Yuliya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Patterns of deaths, occupational injuries and occupational diseases are not in place and are constantly changing around the world. These changes can be gradual or sudden, but have both positive and negative effects on worker safety and health. This article provides an overview of the major changes that are changing the world of work and discusses the implications of these changes for future workplace safety and the challenges and opportunities that may arise. The article summarizes three interrelated key areas of labor protection development: digitalization and information and communication technologies, automation and robotics, and also the use of nanotechnology. While changes shaping the future of work pose new challenges to occupational safety, it is worth noting that these changes also create new opportunities for improving preventive measures.
Setting the overpressure prevention system for plunger pumps to improve the environmental safety of technological equipment
Authors: Yamaliev V U , Gareev R R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The relevance of the work is due to the fact that plunger pumps of the PT, PTR, T, TP type, which have found wide application at enterprises of fuel and energy complexes, are mostly operated with an unregulated factory system for preventing pressure overloads due to the lack of technical capability in the production of periodic adjustments built-in safety valve. As a result, the operation of high pressure plunger pumps without a tuned overpressure prevention system significantly reduces the reliability and safety of technological processes. The proposed solutions to this problem are the use of a specially developed adapter of a universal design or a mobile stand, which is a complete system of controlled loading of a safety valve together with a hydraulic unit of a pump with a working fluid, mounted on a mobile frame. As a result, the adapter makes it possible to configure the dismantled valve on a specialized test bench, and the use of a mobile version makes it possible to check the hydraulic system directly at the pump installation site with the ability to adjust the valve actuation pressure.
Ensuring the safety of chemical dosing
Authors: Shaidakov V V , Shestakova E V , Barabanov A A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article deals with the issues of ensuring the safe dosing of small volumes of chemical reagents with positive displacement pumps. The results of simulation of hydrodynamic processes in valve assemblies are presented. Studies have shown the low efficiency of the reagent supply process using ball and poppet valves. The use of hydraulic diaphragm and vortex diodes is proposed. Based on amathematical modeling, the design features of hydrodiodes and the parameters of their effective operation are substantiated, which makes it possible to exclude fluid pulsation and increase the flow rate. A diaphragm hydrodiode is suitable for a metering pump with a flow rate of at least 5 l/h. The vortex is capable of replacing ball and poppet valves at low and ultra-low flows, and it has been established that its diode resistance is more than 6, and its diode is more than 2 in terms of flow.
Investigation of the flame of natural gas in the combustion chamber of a tractor diesel engine
Authors: Maksimov I I , Alatyrev A S , Smirnov M P , Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Heat exchange by radiation in the working space of high-temperature combustion chambers is the predominant type of heat exchange, depending both on the temperature of the flame and on its emissivity. As is known, a luminous flame differs from a non-luminous one in that it emits thermal energy not selectively within the CO
2 and H
2
O bands, but over the entire spectrum, including the visible region. Moreover, it is in the visible region of the glowing flame of natural gas that a significant amount of thermal energy is emitted. This is explained by the fact that the dispersed phase (soot), which arose during the decomposition of methane, contains particles of such sizes (0.05-0.2 microns), which are characterized by maximum radiation in the visible and near-infrared regions of the spectrum. Thus, the emissivity of a luminous flame is significantly higher than the emissivity of a non-luminous flame. This ability of the luminous flame is the reason for its use in diesel internal combustion engines (DICE).
Influence of the content of asphaltenes, resins and paraffin on the melting point of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits
Authors: Yarkeeva N R , Iskhakov R A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Currently, during the period of heavy oil, the problem of combating and removing asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits comes first both in oil production, transportation, processing and storage of oil. If it was not possible to prevent the accumulation of deposits in pipes, oil pipelines, tank farms, then it should be removed. Asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits can be removed in various ways: mechanical, thermal, chemical, etc. Knowing the melting point of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits or the dependencies that affect this parameter, it is possible to reduce the cost of thermal removal of deposits. The article analyzes the influence of various components of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits on the melting temperature of these deposits. The goal is to establish a qualitative assessment of the influence of the components for a more accurate selection of the heat-carrier temperature during thermal removal of asphalt-resin-paraffin deposits. The analysis was carried out using the example of oils from the Krasnoleninsky arch of fields.
Development of a supra-bit jet pump for opening a productive formation
Authors: Melnikov A P , Shaidakov V V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article proposes a jet pump for the bottom hole assembly. The developed supra-bit jet pump provides an additional circulation loop of the drilling fluid above the bottom of the well, which creates a local depression of the formation. In addition, the jet pump grinds the sludge injected from the annular space in the mixing chamber and feeds it to the bridging machine, which is included in the assembly, for temporary isolation of the productive formation. Isolation of the productive formation is necessary to prevent the flow of formation fluids into the wellbore when underbalanced. Grinding of the sludge in the jet pump is ensured by the cross flows of the working and injected liquid, which occur during the angular and eccentric displacement of the working nozzle of the jet pump relative to the mixing chamber. The angular and eccentric displacements of the working nozzle, the roughness of the flowing part of the mixing chamber and the diffuser, at which the pressure losses in the jet pump are insignificant, have been determined. Recommendations are proposed for increasing the efficiency of the jet pump in case of non-stationary operation at the bottom of the well, which occurs as a result of ground vibrations of a roller cone bit and uneven supply of working fluid by mud pumps.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the technological system for the development of the XXIII layer of the Goyt-court
Authors: Bakraev M M , Bulyukova F Z , Dumler E B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The analysis, development of the XXIII reservoir of the Goyt-Kort field, the choice of the field as a priority object for high-pressure gas injection to enhance oil recovery is well substantiated by the geological and production characteristics of the reservoir, technological features of the developed process and economic needs. The relevance of additional development, restoration and arrangement of the field, study of the current state of the reservoir, conducting research of wells, designing technology and techniques for the process of stimulating the reservoir. The reservoir of the XXIII layer of the Goyt-Kort field is characterized by low permeability, significant heterogeneity and clay content. The process of displacement by water in such conditions is very difficult, and therefore attempts to master the injection of water into the XXIII reservoir were unsuccessful. The active mode of injection of compressed hydrocarbon gas into the reservoir has been carried out for more than twelve years and during this time about one and a half billion cubic meters of gas have been injected into the reservoir. The main oil production at the field is currently carried out from the XXIII layer. The field tested and implemented the technology of continuous injection of the inhibitor into the annulus of the well. To remove the clay bridging agent of the pore matrix of high-temperature terrigenous objects, the use of reagents based on boronfluorinehydrogen acid is recommended.
To the use of energy resources in the North Caucasian Federal District
Authors: Temukuyev T B , Prazdnow G S , Temukuyev B B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Using the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, the article examines the problems of rational use of energy resources in the North Caucasian Federal District, which, ranking first among the districts in terms of gasification, is the leader in overdue debts for natural gas and its losses in networks. The release of methane into the atmosphere enhances the greenhouse effect. In all the republics of the District, due to the absence of large industrial enterprises, the situation is the same - the population has become the main consumer of gas. Numerous cases of non-contractual and unaccounted gas consumption have been recorded there, energy-saving measures are insufficiently financed, the control and accounting system does not meet modern requirements, gas networks are worn out, which serves as a cover for theft. Technical problems became secondary. They will become primary when the gas supplier deals with any region as a separate consumer and nothing more. Everything else should become a problem for the region and should not concern the supplier.
Machine learning models for effective prediction of firefighting systems and reducing environmental damage
Authors: Popova E V , Gritsay G M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence is now widely used in various industries, including fire safety. When designing and deploying firefighting systems in enterprises and organizations, a large number of different factors are taken into account. This article considers the possibility of applying machine learning models to ensure a high level of protection of the environment and industrial facilities from fires with a properly selected fire suppression system based on the analysis of the data provided.