bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cellulosic biomass-derived carbon quantum dots: "On-off-on" nanosensor for rapid detection of multi-metal ions and green photocatalytic CO2 reduction in water
Authors: Raja Sebastian , Silva Gelson T.S.T. da , Anbu Sellamuthu , Ribeiro Caue , Mattoso Luiz H. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We have developed carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties from macaúba (Acrocomia aculeate) fibers; a widely available cellulosic biomass species of palm trees in South America. As-prepared CQDs showed quasi-spherical morphology with high aqueous solubility, strong photostability and excitation dependent multicolor fluorescence behaviour. Interestingly, the CQDs display fluorescence 'turn-off' response with excellent sensitivity toward multi-metal ions including Fe3+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ with the very low detection limits of 0.69 µM, 0.99 µM, 0.25 µM, respectively. Notably, ascorbic acid (AA) induced a change in the (turn-off) fluorescence of Fe3+-CQDs, which caused an almost 70% revival of fluorescence (turn-on) by displacing Fe3+ ions. We have also harnessed CQDs as the visible-light-induced photocatalyst to reduce CO2 in water. Especially, the CQDs efficiently promote the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into methane (CH4) with an evolution rate of 99.8 nmol/g at 436 nm in aqueous conditions. This indicates that the CQDs provide abundant active sites for CO2 adsorption and thus enhance the separation and migration of photo-induced charge carriers that efficiently reduce CO2 into CH4 without any co-catalyst in 100% water.
Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of mouse cochlear supporting cell transcriptomes with activated ERBB2 receptor, a candidate mediator of hearing restoration mechanisms.
Authors: Piekna-Przybylska Dorota , Na Daxiang , Zhang Jingyuan , Baker Cameron , Ashton John , White Patricia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHearing loss caused by the death of cochlear hair cells (HCs) might be restored through regeneration from supporting cells (SCs) via dedifferentiation and proliferation, as observed in birds. We recently found that in mice, activation of ERBB2 in SCs promoted the differentiation of hair cell-like cells. Here we analyze transcriptomes of neonatal mouse cochlear SCs with activated ERBB2 using single-cell RNA sequencing. ERBB2 inductionin vivogenerated a new population of cells expressingde novoSIBLING (small integrin-binding ligand n-linked glycoproteins) proteins and their regulators, particularly Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1). In other systems, SIBLINGs promote cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. ERBB2 signaling induced after noise exposure in young adult mice also up-regulated the SPP1 receptor CD44, and drove formation of stem-like cell aggregates in the organ of Corti. Our results suggest that ectopic activation of ERBB2 signaling in cochlear supporting cells alters the microenvironment, promoting proliferation and cell rearrangements.
Fundamental knowledge taught in compulsory education for effective genetic counseling: A qualitative study of descriptions in textbooks
Authors: Sakai Eri , Yamada Takahiro , Funaki Tomomi , Iwakuma Miho , Osawa Harumo , Morimoto Kana , Kosugi Shinji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In genetic counseling, information must be provided in ways the client and general public can understand to ensure that decisions are made autonomously. To realize this, we must assess the extent of knowledge held by the general public regarding genetics. In order to identify the client's original knowledge before genetic counseling, we explored the fundamental knowledge related to genetic counseling that is taught in Japanese compulsory education. A qualitative study was conducted. We chose 50 textbooks for compulsory education (Japanese, social studies, science, health and physical education, technology and home economics, morality, and life) that had been used in more than half of the districts in Japan. The text data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, and quantitative data were also analyzed for methodological triangulation. Codes, subcategories, and categories were generated from contexts that met the following criteria: the contents included in the official textbook for clinical geneticists, the contents derived from such descriptions that were related to genetic counseling, and the contents clearly related to genetics. Among the 50 textbooks, 33 textbooks contained fundamental knowledge regarding genetic counseling. A qualitative content analysis identified four major categories: (1) Basics of genetics, (2) Understanding and control of disease, (3) Efforts and barrier to the realization of a harmonious society, and (4) Technology and humans. We found that fundamental knowledge related to genetic counseling is directly or indirectly taught in compulsory education. Our results are an important resource for understanding the client’s knowledge baseline and will be helpful for effective genetic counseling.
Investigation of the potential probiotic effects of lactic acid bacteria and cell- free supernatants against important pathogens leading to wound infections
Authors: Yilmaz Ozgenur , Turkyilmaz Suheyla 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years, several in vitro studies have revealed that some of the LAB strains and their Cell-free supernatants (CFSs) have shown antibacterial activities and promising tools to prevent or disperse the biofilm formation of dermatological pathogens. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of LAB active cultures and CFSs against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus which were related to wound infections, as well as the inhibitory effects of CFSs on the biofilm formation of pathogens and destroying biofilms. The current results indicated that some of the LAB active cultures and CFSs have shown antibacterial properties against pathogens; furthermore, it was determined that some of the CFSs have shown powerful inhibitory effects on biofilm formation and destroying biofilms. All data together signify a great ability of the applications of CFSs as antibacterial and biofilm removal compounds that could be very suitable to control wound infections caused by these pathogens.
Baseline susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae to clothianidin in northern Ghana
Authors: Zong Cosmos Manwovor-Anbon Pambit , Coleman Sylvester , Mohammed Abdul Rahim , Owusu-Asenso Christopher Mfum , Akuamoah-Boateng Yaw , Sr Isaac Kwame , Cui Liwang , Attah Simon Kwaku , Afrane Yaw Asare 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Clothianidin, an insecticide with a novel mode of action, has been deployed in the annual indoor residual spraying programme in northern Ghana since March 2021. To inform pragmatic management strategies and guide future studies, baseline data on local Anopheles gambiae s.l susceptibility to the clothianidin insecticide were collected in Kpasolgu, a village in the Northern region, Ghana.Methods: Phenotypic susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to clothianidin was determined using the WHO insecticide resistance monitoring bioassay. The WHO cone bioassay was conducted on mud and cement walls sprayed with Sumishield 50 WG (with clothianidin active ingredient). Mortality rates were observed up to 168 hours. Species of the An. gambiae complex present in the area and the detection of insecticide target-site mutations (kdr and Ace-1) were determined by PCR. Results: The WHO susceptibility bioassay revealed a delayed killing effect of clothianidin. Mosquitoes exposed to the cone bioassays for five minutes died 120 hours after exposure. Slightly higher mortalities were observed in mosquitoes exposed to clothianidin-treated cement wall surfaces than mosquitoes exposed to mud wall surfaces. The kdr target-site mutation L1014F occurred at very high frequencies (0.89-0.94) across all vector species identified whereas the Ace-1 mutation occurred at moderate levels (0.32-0.44). An. gambiae s.s was the most abundant species observed at 63% whereas An. arabiensis was the least observed at 9%.Conclusions: An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes in northern Ghana were susceptible to clothianidin. They harbored kdr and ace-1 mutations at high frequencies.
Evaluation the potentiality of Rhizophora mucronata for pollutants remediation on the Red Sea Coast, Egypt
Authors: Aboulsoud Yasmin I. E. , Elkhouly Ahmed A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rhizophora mucronata was assessed as a biological tool for remediation and reduction of heavy metals mobility in sediments in Safaga and Hamata, the Red Sea Coast. It is an important region for tourism and nature reserves; however, this area suffers from various anthropogenic contaminants. Investigation of metal behavior in mangrove plants and sediments is important for clarifying the ability of mangroves to reduce sediments contamination through bioaccumulation, phytostabilization or phytoextraction. Sediments of Safaga site showed higher significant concentrations of all studied heavy metals. Heavy metal contents in sediments were significantly lower in case of elder plants than younger ones as well as in rhizosphere samples than non-rhizosphere ones. The order of remediation efficiency was Mo > Ni > Mn ≥ Co > Al > Cu > Zn ≥ Cr > Fe > V, where the highest % were 99.25, 58.97, 42.64, 42.48, 41.91, 39.47, 37.93, 37.01, 36.89, and 29.44, respectively. R. mucronata parts were more significantly contaminated in Safaga site with Co, Cr, Cu, Mo and Zn, meanwhile they were more significantly contaminated in Hamata site with Al, Fe, Mn, Ni and V. The elder plants accumulated higher concentrations than younger ones and contents of heavy metals in plant samples followed the order of root > aerial roots > shoot. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) values representing the accumulation efficiency of R. mucronata was Ni > Mo > Zn > Cu > Cr > Co > Mn ≥ Al > V > Fe, where their highest values were 17.74, 7.89, 3.95, 3.84, 2.66, 1.91, 1.67, 1.66, 1.6, 1.18, respectively. BCF values exceeded one for all metals and values of translocation factor (TF) were less than unity in all cases, thus Rhizophora mucronata can be considered as a good phytostabilizer of ten studied heavy metals able to reduce their mobility through accumulation by roots, thereby reducing off-site contamination.
Copy number analysis in a large-scale study of spinal muscular atrophy patients between two continuous generations in Iran
Authors: Shakerian Siavash , Shariati Gholamreza , anaie Marzieh Mohammadi , Abdorasouli Nehzat , Nanvazadeh Fatemeh , Galehdari Hamid , Hamid Mohammad , Sedaghat Alireza , Saberi Alihossein 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited neuromuscular disease with about 1:6000 to 1:10,000 in newborns.
Objectives:To evaluate the copy number variation of SMN1 and SMN2 genes between two generations, we experimented on 221 core families, including 221 patients and their parents (n=442).
Materials & methods: Before sample collection, all cases were subjected to clinical diagnosis, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity test. Moreover, DNA samples were analyzed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.
Results: In this study, 92.7% of patients' SMN1 deletions were homozygous, whereas 7.3% of the SMN1 deletions were heterozygous. On the other hand, 92.9% of the parents had one copy of SMN1, and the remaining had two copies of SMN1. Since SMN2 has a disease-modifying role, accurate determination of SMN2 copy number can be helpful in the case of prognosis and genotype-phenotype correlation. The average SMN copies from parents represent the copy number in the parent's generation. Evaluations showed a negative correlation between the copy number of SMN1 and SMN2in children and their parents. Besides, when the average of SMN2 copy numbers was two in the parent's generation, 81% of the children were type I, and the rest were Type II/III. Also, in cases with three or more SMN2copy numbers in parents, approximately 90% of children were either type II or III.
Conclusion: Accordingly, there is a possibility that the SMN2 copy numbers in parents could predict the disease severity in the next generation.
The influence of food-based enrichment on the behaviour of captive red pandas Ailurus fulgens fulgens
Authors: Khan Aamer Sohel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Developing simple and innovative ways to provide feed to captive animals, especially those kept for captive breeding programs is essential because food-based enrichment has a beneficial effect on animal welfare. The red panda is a threatened species and needs support in developing a successful captive breeding program. Indian captive population of red pandas exhibit stereotypic behaviour to some extent (Khan et al., 2022) which could interfere with species biology and hinder captive breeding success. Therefore to combat stress zoos must design effective enrichments. Food-based enrichments are ideal to maintain animal welfare. I studied the effect of feed dispersal on the behaviour of captive red pandas in India. This study analysed whether pacing and aggressive behaviour were reduced, and foraging behaviour increased, when food was spatially distributed around the enclosure (mimicking the panda’s natural habitat) compared to food served on a common platform. Results showed that dispersing the food (known as food-based enrichment) increased the level of behavioural diversity by 1.6 times and foraging by 3.6 times. Similarly, pacing decreased by 5.8 times and aggression by almost three times in the subjects. Individual analysis suggests that behavioural diversity in the male doubled when food was dispersed around the enclosure. This suggests that spatially distributing bamboo stimulates foraging behaviour and limits stereotypical behaviour, such as pacing, in captive red pandas. This study showed that planning simple and innovative food-based enrichments in captivity supports natural behaviours and reduces abnormal behaviours ultimately supporting species conservation.
Study of regional monthly precipitation based on CEEMD-BILSTM coupled model
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Shi Jingwen , Zhu Guoyu , Xiao Yimeng , Chen Haiyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The prediction of monthly precipitation is of great importance for regional water resources management and use. The monthly precipitation sequence is affected by various factors such as atmosphere, region and environment, and has obvious ambiguity, chance and uncertainty. CEEMD based on complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition can effectively reduce the reconstruction error of time series, and bidirectional long short-term memory (BILSTM) model can effectively learn long-term dependencies in time series. A CEEMD-BILSTM (complementary integrated empirical mode decomposition-bidirectional long short-term memory) coupled model is constructed to predict the monthly precipitation in Zhengzhou, and the performances of the LSTM model, EEMD-LSTM model and EEMD-BILSTM model are compared. The CEEMD-BILSTM model has a maximum relative error of 7.28%, a minimum relative error of 0.00%, and an average relative error of 2.68%, with an RMS error of 2.6% and a coefficient of determination of 0.97 in predicting monthly precipitation in Zhengzhou, which is considered a good accuracy of the CEEMD-BILSTM model for predicting monthly precipitation in Zhengzhou. The model is better than the LSTM model, the EEMD-LSTM model, and the EEMD-BILSTM model and has better fitting ability. It also shows that it has strong nonlinear and complex process learning ability in the hydrological factor model of regional precipitation prediction.
Analysis of energy recovery and microbial community in an amalgamated CSTR-UASBs reactor for a three-stage anaerobic fermentation process of cornstalks
Authors: Zhao Bowei , Xie Fei , Zhou Aijuan , Liu Zhihong , Ji Li , Zhang Guixiang , Yue Xiuping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) coupled with up-flow anaerobic sludge beds (UASBs) reactor was successfully developed for enhancing methane production and carbon recovery rate from cornstalks. Acetic acid production was higher in regions A than in B and C. The methane percentage achieved at 75.98% of total gas and methane production of cornstalks was up to 520.07 mL/g, during the stable operation period. The carbon of recovery rate, represented substrates converted to methane gas, reached 69.32% in stable stage. Microbial community structure analysis revealed that Paludibacter, Prevotella/Clostridium sensu stricto, and Caldisericum were the dominant bacteria for the degradation of cellulose, lignin, and other refractory macromolecules in regions A, B, and C, respectively. Methanobacterium and Methanolinea were the two major genera, accounting for methanogenesis generation.
CHARACTER EDUCATION IN INDONESIAN EFL CLASSROOM: IMPLEMENTATION AND OBSTACLES
Authors: Nova Muhamad 
Published: September 2022

Abstrak: Aplikasi pendidikan karakter dalam Kurikulum 2013 belum maksimal. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini menginvestigasi pengimplementasian pendidikan karakter dan kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam menyisipkan pendidikan karakter ke dalam proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris. Dengan mengadakan penelitian survei dengan mendistribusikan kuesionair kepada 34 guru bahasa Inggris yang berasal dari berbagai institusi berbeda, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa guru bahasa Inggris sudah menyisipkan pendidikan karakter di dalam kelas dengan frekuensi yang bervariasi, serta sudah menyisipkan nilai-nilai karakter dengan fokus yang berbeda. Sebagian besar dari mereka menyisip- kan pendidikan karakter baik secara eksplisit maupun implisit. Kemudian, mereka juga menghadapi beberapa kesulitan yang datang dari 3 aspek utama, yaitu pedagogis, siswa, dan guru. Kata Kunci: kurikulum 2013, pendidikan karakter, pengimplementasian pendidikan karakter, dan kesulitan pendidikan karakter CHARACTER EDUCATION IN INDONESIAN EFL CLASSROOM: IMPLEMENTATION AND OBSTACLES Abstract: The application of character education in 2013 curriculum has not been maximized. Thus, this study investigated the implementation of character education and the obstacles faced in inserting character education into EFL teaching and learning process. Establishing a survey research by distri- buting questionnaires to 34 EFL teachers coming from different institutions, this study revealed that the EFL teachers have inserted character education in classroom with various frequencies and also have inserted character values with different focuses. Most of them inserted character education with both explicit and implicit modes. Moreover, they faced several obstacles coming from three major as- pects; they are pedagogical, student, and teacher. Keywords: 2013 curriculum, character education, character education implementation, and character education obstacles
ANALISIS PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI PENDEKATAN AGAMA DI ERA MODERNISASI DESA LANGGAM KABUPATEN PELALAWAN, RIAU
Authors: Daryanes Febblina 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAKPendidikan karakter menjadi pembahasan yang menarik dalam dunia pendidikan, apalagi dalam era saat ini moral generasi muda semakin terkikis dan menipis dikarenakan pengaruh budaya global.. Penelitian ini berfokus pada Pendidikan Karakter dengan menerapkan Pendekatan Agama yang dilakukan Di Pondok Pesantrren Al-Hidayah Desa Langgam, Kecamatan Langgam, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara langsung. Data dianalisis melalui tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Fokus Pendidikan karakter yang ada di Pondok Pesantren Al-Hidayah tertuju pada peningkatan hafalan Qur’an dan memperdalam ajaran pendidikan islam serta menerapkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Guru disana juga mengajarkan pentingnya berkarakter baik atau berakhlak baik, karena dalam pendidikan karakter bukan hanya mengajarkan tentang yang benar dan yang salah kepada peserta didik, namun juga menanamkan tentang kebiasaan baik, dapat merasakan dan melakukan hal baik. Dengan adanya Pendidikan Islam diharapkan menjadi alternative untuk membantu membangun dan menciptakan generasi muda yang berkualitas, berintegritas, memiliki rasa tanggung jawab, berkepemimpinan dan berpikir terbuka sehingga melahirkan karakter yang kuat dalam diri siswa. ABSTRACTCharacter education is an interesting discussion in the world of education, especially in the current era the morals of the younger generation are getting eroded and thinned due to the influence of global culture. Langgam, Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. Data were collected through direct observation and interviews. The data were analyzed through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The focus of character education at the Al-Hidayah Islamic Boarding School is aimed at improving the memorization of the Qur'an and deepening the teachings of Islamic education and applying it in everyday life. Teachers there also teach the importance of having good character or good morals, because in character education it is not only teaching students about right and wrong, but also instilling good habits, being able to feel and do good things. With the existence of Islamic education, it is expected to be an alternative to help build and create a young generation of quality, integrity, having a sense of responsibility, leadership and open thinking so as to give birth to strong characters in students.