bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal tissue damage caused by new endoscope model due to light absorption
Authors: Hiramatsu Yukiko , Utsumi Takahiro , Higuchi Hirokazu , Hayashi Jun , Horimatsu Takahiro , Nikaido Mitsuhiro , Nakanishi Yuki , Shimizu Takahiro , Muto Manabu , Seno Hiroshi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and AimBright endoscopic light sources improve the visibility of the intestinal mucosa. A newly launched endoscopic system developed by Olympus Corporation (Tokyo, Japan) in 2020 required modification to prevent heat‐induced tissue damage, which reportedly occurs during magnifying chromoendoscopy. We investigated the mechanism of this phenomenon by evaluating the rise in temperature of stained and unstained porcine mucosa using the new and previous endoscopic systems.MethodsSurface temperatures of stained (India ink, 0.05% crystal violet, 0.5% methylene blue, or 0.2% indigo carmine) and unstained porcine mucosa were evaluated using infrared imaging after contact with the new endoscopic system before it was modified (system‐EVIS X1; scope‐GIF‐EZ1500) and compared with a previous endoscopic system (system‐EVIS EXERAIII; scope‐GIF‐H190). We performed histological analysis of the porcine mucosa stained with 0.05% crystal violet after contact with the new endoscope to evaluate the degree of tissue damage.ResultsSurface temperatures remained < 40°C when the new endoscope was in contact with the unstained mucosa. However, the maximum surface temperature rose to > 70°C when the new endoscope was in contact with the stained mucosa (stained other than indigo carmine). Histological analysis revealed cavity formation in porcine epithelium stained with crystal violet where the endoscope made contact for
. Using the previous endoscope, the maximum surface temperature of stained mucosa remained below approximately 60°C, and the surface temperature of the unstained mucosa remained below 30°C.ConclusionsHeat transfer by light absorption could cause heat‐induced tissue damage during magnifying chromoendoscopy using the new endoscope.
Coerced Choice: Resigned Contraceptive Usership Among Individuals Affected by Reproductive Coercion
Authors: Fay Kathryn E. , Corry Summer , Simmons Rebecca G. , Baayd Jami 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionPartner‐mediated reproductive coercion is a common form of violence that affects individuals’ sexual and reproductive health goals. Clinicians’ understanding of the scope of reproductive coercion continues to grow with direct implications for clinical interventions. The purpose of this study was to generate a more comprehensive set of reproductive coercion tactics used by intimate partners for recognition in a clinical setting.MethodsThis was a qualitative study using grounded theory. Individuals were recruited through an established statewide community network to participate in videoconferencing focus groups regarding reproductive coercion. Discussions were moderated and recorded. Data were coded and then subjected to qualitative content analysis.ResultsTwenty community members participated. Participants described partner interference with reproductive and sexual health goals, including limitation of their contraceptive options. Although participants were able to access health care and use contraception as part of a goal to avoid pregnancy, they also reported dissatisfaction with their methods. Some participants described being forced to use an undesired form of contraception in the setting of reproductive coercion from abusive partners.DiscussionIndividuals affected by reproductive coercion may be able to access and exercise limited choice over their contraceptive options, but some may be unable to use the preferred method because of partners’ behavior. Clinician awareness of the diversity of presentations of reproductive coercion, including individuals using long‐acting reversible contraceptives, may facilitate individualized counseling and realignment of care with patient preferences.
Stewardship or ownership in India: Options for community seed banks in managing crop genetic resources in relation to intellectual property rights
Authors: Ramanna Anitha , Andersen Regine 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCommunity seed banks (CSBs) play an important role in ensuring access to crop genetic diversity. The extension of intellectual property rights (IPR) to include farmers' varieties and traditional knowledge in India could impinge on the role of these seed banks in conserving and sharing crop genetic resources. This study enquires into how CSBs are responding to these developments, and the strategic options available with regard to IPR. Should community seed banks claim IPRs over their material or should they focus on promoting greater access to achieve their aims of conservation, sustainable use and innovation of crop genetic resources? By employing two distinct strategies—the ownership and stewardship approaches—we analyse how CSBs in India respond to demands for greater legal control over crop genetic resources and the need for access to genetic resources to ensure food security, and derive possible strategy options. We examine the strategies adopted by five organizations that facilitate the work of such community seed banks, noting the prospects and challenges as regards adopting a stewardship or an ownership approach.
Improving plant productivity by re‐tuning the regeneration ofRuBPin the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle
Authors: Raines Christine A. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle is arguably the most important pathway on earth, capturing CO2from the atmosphere and converting it into organic molecules, providing the basis for life on our planet. This cycle has been intensively studied over the 50 yr since it was elucidated, and it is highly conserved across nature, from cyanobacteria to the largest of our land plants. Eight out of the 11 enzymes in this cycle catalyse the regeneration of ribulose‐1‐5 bisphosphate (RuBP), the CO2acceptor molecule. The potential to manipulate RuBP regeneration to improve photosynthesis has been demonstrated in a number of plant species, and the development of new technologies, such as omics and synthetic biology provides exciting future opportunities to improve photosynthesis and increase crop yields.
Self‐compassion and social anxiety: The mediating effect of emotion regulation strategies and the influence of depressed mood
Authors: McBride Nicholas Luke , Bates Glen W. , Elphinstone Brad , Whitehead Richard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesSelf‐compassion constitutes a positive way of relating towards the self that enables emotional regulation and reduces emotional distress. This research first explored differences among a sample of persons with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and groups of high socially anxious (HSA) and low socially anxious (LSA) students on self‐compassion, emotion regulation, and social anxiety. We then investigated emotional regulation as a mediator of the prediction of social anxiety by self‐compassion and the influence of depressed mood on those relationships.DesignStudy 1 compared a SAD group to matched groups of HSA and LSA students. Study 2 utilized the total sample (n = 330 students and n = 33 SAD) to test mediation. Self‐compassion and emotion regulation were predictors of social anxiety and depression a covariate.ResultsIn Study 1, the SAD group did not differ from the HSA group on most aspects of self‐compassion and emotional regulation but was higher on depression. Both were lower on most measures and higher on depression than the LSA group. In Study 2, higher self‐compassion predicted lower social interaction anxiety, and emotional regulation strategies mediated this effect, regardless of depression. However, for social performance anxiety, controlling for depression removed mediation. Refraining from uncompassionate responses was directly connected to social anxiety, whereas compassionate responses influenced social anxiety via emotional regulation.ConclusionsResults affirm the ameliorative role of self‐compassion on social anxiety and emotion regulation strategies as mechanisms of that influence. However, self‐compassion's influence was affected by depression and type of social anxiety. Also, refraining from uncompassionate self‐responding appears to be of prime importance in predicting social anxiety, whereas compassionate self‐responding influences social anxiety via emotion regulation.
A case of annular erythema of infancy accompanied by elevated tryptase
Authors: Kingsley Jacob T. , Lee Erica B. , Adams Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnnular erythema of infancy (AEI) is characterized by self‐limited eruptions of erythematous, annular to polycyclic patches and plaques, the etiology of which is thought to involve a hypersensitivity reaction to an unknown antigen. We present a case of AEI mistaken for systemic mastocytosis due to elevated serum tryptase. We were unable to find prior reports of an association between AEI and elevated tryptase in the literature.
Impact of NB‐UVB phototherapy on Caveolin‐1 expression in chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: Elsherbeni Marwa B. , Neinaa Yomna Mazid El‐Hamd , Fawzy Mohamed M. , Elwan Nagwa M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCaveolin‐1 (Cav‐1) is a significant structural and regulatory constituent of cell membranes that has been implicated in cell kinetics and inflammation.ObjectiveTo assess Cav‐1 expression in psoriasis before and after phototherapy.Patients and methodsThirty psoriasis cases and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Cases were managed with narrow band‐ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) phototherapy at frequency three times per week for 12 weeks. From every case, two biopsy specimens were gained from psoriatic lesions (pre and post phototherapy), in addition to one from apparently normal skin of psoriasis cases. Regarding the control group, one biopsy was taken from a matched site. All were studied for Cav‐1 antibody immuno‐expression.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in Cav‐1 expression in psoriatic lesions compared to both the apparently normal skin of psoriasis patients and standard control skin of healthy individuals. After NB‐UVB phototherapy, significant upregulation of Cav‐1 immunostaining score was observed in previously psoriatic skin when compared to that before treatment. In addition, there were significant negative correlations between Cav‐1 immunostaining score and the clinical scores of psoriasis severity including; the erythema, scaling, and induration (ESI) score and the patient psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score.ConclusionInduction of Cav‐1 expression may be a likely pathway for the effectiveness of NB‐UVB in psoriasis. Cav‐1 may be a useful marker for evaluation of psoriasis severity, disease progression, and therapeutic efficacy.
‘Cop chasing’ in Alice Springs: Youth experiences of surveillance in a Central Australian Town
Authors: Chapman Lora 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIndigenous youth living in Alice Springs are subject to routine forms of surveillance, facilitated by a range of stakeholders, including police, security guards, government agents, business owners and members of their own communities. ‘The problem’ of youth is the subject of much attention in media and community forums as well as Northern Territory specific legislation, resulting in increased levels of policing in town. Drawing on recently collected fieldwork data, this paper explores some of the nuances in the relationships through which these processes of surveillance are enacted. Encounters observed and described by young people themselves are often at once both intimate and oppressive. This paper will first explore recent policy approaches and then focus on some examples of youth experiences with policing to outline some of the ways in which young people navigate and resist surveillance in Alice Springs. Understanding youth experiences of surveillance and policing enables a distinctive perspective on a shifting social world, and offers insight into contemporary forms of disadvantage faced by Indigenous youth.
Differential metabolic rearrangements in the roots and leaves of Cicer arietinum caused by single or double nitrate and/or phosphate deficiencies
Authors: Nasr Esfahani Maryam , Kusano Miyako , Abdelrahman Mostafa , Nguyen Kien Huu , Watanabe Yasuko , Mochida Keiichi , Burritt David J. , Tran Lam‐Son Phan 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYNitrate (NO3−) and phosphate (Pi) deficiencies are the major constraints for chickpea productivity, significantly impacting global food security. However, excessive fertilization is expensive and can also lead to environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop chickpea cultivars that are able to grow on soils deficient in both NO3− and Pi. This study focused on the identification of key NO3− and/or Pi starvation‐responsive metabolic pathways in the leaves and roots of chickpea grown under single and double nutrient deficiencies of NO3− and Pi, in comparison with nutrient‐sufficient conditions. A global metabolite analysis revealed organ‐specific differences in the metabolic adaptation to nutrient deficiencies. Moreover, we found stronger adaptive responses in the roots and leaves to any single than combined nutrient‐deficient stresses. For example, chickpea enhanced the allocation of carbon among nitrogen‐rich amino acids (AAs) and increased the production of organic acids in roots under NO3− deficiency, whereas this adaptive response was not found under double nutrient deficiency. Nitrogen remobilization through the transport of AAs from leaves to roots was greater under NO3− deficiency than double nutrient deficiency conditions. Glucose‐6‐phosphate and fructose‐6‐phosphate accumulated in the roots under single nutrient deficiencies, but not under double nutrient deficiency, and higher glycolytic pathway activities were observed in both roots and leaves under single nutrient deficiency than double nutrient deficiency. Hence, the simultaneous deficiency generated a unique profile of metabolic changes that could not be simply described as the result of the combined deficiencies of the two nutrients.
Further explorations of connected speech in Nigerian English
Authors: Jowitt David 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe article begins with the assertion that much research has now been done on the once‐neglected suprasegmental phonology of Nigerian English. A principal area of interest in this field is connected speech, and several Nigerian scholars have addressed many of the issues involved, not least the patterns of intonation structure. Building on these studies, and taking the British descriptive tradition developed notably by A. C. Gimson and Alan Cruttenden as its theoretical base, the article seeks to offer fresh perspectives on certain issues that have hitherto not received attention. With the aid of the interlinear method of transcription, it shows the differences between two contrasting systems, on the one hand that of native speakers, and on the other Popular Nigerian English (PNE), a concept first developed by Jowitt (1991) and denoting features characteristic of relatively younger and less educated Nigerians.
La adscripción o incardinación de los clérigos
Authors:   , Chacón González Oscar Alexander O.SS.T. 
Published: July 2022

El Instituto de la Incardinación en muy antiguo, y trata de la vinculación de un clérigo a una Iglesia Particular o en un Instituto de vida Consagrada. Tal vinculación se remonta al tiempo de los Apóstoles, quienes vinculaban a un diácono, presbítero u obispo a una determinada Iglesia. El código actual al igual que el de 1917, privilegia el principio de que "Todo clérigo esté incardinado de modo que de ninguna manera se admitan los clérigos acéfalos o vagos" (canon 265).
Equidad: la Lucha contra la Pobreza no Basta
Authors: Giraldo Giraldo Cesar Augusto 
Published: July 2022

Promover la equidad significa redistribuir. Quiere decir que los ricos deben deprenderse de una parte de sus ingresos y fortunas, y que no basta simplemente con las donaciones hacia los más pobres. Para algunos promover la equidad consiste en darle oportunidades a quien no las tiene, y entre esas oportunidades está el acceso al capital humano a través de la educación, porque por esta vía se pueden mejorar los ingresos de las personas y lograr su ascenso social. Pero el trabajo de Piketty (2014) puso en cuestión esta afirmación. Encontró que esa "creencia" (belief, así la llama él) es ilusoria y que no se ha validado en el último siglo. Es la herencia y los procesos políticos explican la desigualdad, y que el efecto compensatorio del ascenso social resultado de la educación no revierte la tendencia[1]. [1] Señala Piketty que cuando la desigualdad disminuyó en el siglo XX fue resultado de las políticas compensatorias después de las guerras.
Electrochemical Evaluation of Helical Carbon Nanofibers Prepared by Ethanol Flame Method as Anode Materials of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Qu Gang , Zhang Wei , Fu Qing-shan , Yu Zu-xiao , Shen Yu-ping , Chen Jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Currently, most of the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) suffer from the problems of capacity degradation and reduction of cycle life due to volume expansion and polarization. Here we have successfully prepared helical carbon nanofibers (HCNFs) using a simple ethanol flame method (EFM) and tested their electrochemical performance as anode materials for LIBs. The results show that HCNFs possess high reversible capacity (specific capacity of 622.9 mAh/g at a current density of 50 mA/g), good rate performance, and excellent cycling stability (specific capacity of 395.6 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 200 mA/g, Coulombic efficiency of over 98%, and capacity retention of 94.41%). HCNFs possess a unique helical structure, which provides a strong support space for the intercalation/deintercalation in LIBs, and effectively alleviate the volume expansion and polarization of the anode material. Additionally, HCNFs exhibit excellent electrical conductivity and chemical stability. The facile preparation route and superior properties of HCNFs make them potential anode materials for LIBs.
Activity Behaviors in British 6-Year-Olds: Cross-Sectional Associations and Longitudinal Change During the School Transition
Authors: Hesketh Kathryn R. , Brage Soren , Inskip Hazel M. , Crozier Sarah R. , Godfrey Keith M. , Harvey Nicholas C. , Cooper Cyrus , Van Sluijs Esther M.F. 
Published: July 2022

Background: To explore activity behaviors at school entry, we describe temporal/demographic associations with accelerometer-measured physical activity in a population-based sample of British 6-year-olds, and examine change from ages 4 to 6. Methods: A total of 712 six-year-olds (308 at both ages) wore Actiheart accelerometers for ≥3 (mean 6.0) days. We derived minutes per day sedentary (<20 cpm) and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA, ≥460 cpm), also segmented across mornings (06:00 AM to 09:00 AM), school (09:00 AM to 3:00 PM), and evenings (3:00 PM to 11:00 PM). Using mixed effects linear regression, we analyzed associations between temporal/demographic factors and children’s activity intensities at age 6, and change between ages 4 and 6. Results: Six-year-old children engaged in MVPA (mean [SD]): 64.9 (25.7) minutes per day (53% met UK guidelines). Girls did less MVPA than boys, particularly during school hours. Children were less active on weekends (vs weekdays) and more active on spring/summer evenings (vs winter). Longitudinally, 6-year-old children did less light physical activity (−43.0; 95% confidence interval, −47.5 to −38.4 min/d) but were more sedentary (29.4; 24.6 to 34.2), and engaged in greater MVPA (7.1; 5.2 to 9.1) compared to when they were aged 4. Conclusion: Half of 6-year-old children met current activity guidelines; MVPA levels were lower in girls and at weekends. UK children became more sedentary but did more MVPA as they entered formal schooling. Physical activity promotion efforts should capitalize on these changes in MVPA, to maintain positive habits.
Successful use of stellate ganglion phototherapy in refractory ventricular tachycardia in a patient with cardiac sarcoidosis
Authors: Tanabe Subaru , Nakano Yusuke , Suzuki Yasushi , Amano Tetsuya 
Published: July 2022

Ventricular arrhythmias are a life-threatening factor in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), posing a significant therapeutic challenge. Stellate ganglion phototherapy (SGP), a non-invasive procedure for modification of the sympathetic nervous system, is an effective treatment for refractory ventricular tachycardia (RVT). However, there are limited data on the efficacy of SGP for RVT in patients with CS. In our case report, we found that SGP was effective for treating RVT in a patient with CS.We present the case of a man in his 60s with multiple cardioversions of implantable cardioverter defibrillator for ventricular tachycardia. The patient was administered prednisolone for the management of CS, which subsequently led to an increase in anti-tachycardia pacing for ventricular tachycardias. We introduced SGP to suppress RVT and anti-tachycardia pacing decreased from 371 to 25 events. Thus, SGP could be a feasible option for the management of RVT in patients with CS.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting the risk of mental health problems of factory workers and miners
Authors: Lu Yaoqin , Liu Qi , Yan Huan , Liu Tao 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveA nomogram for predicting the risk of mental health problems was established in a population of factory workers and miners, in order to quickly calculate the probability of a worker suffering from mental health problems.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 7500 factory workers and miners in Urumqi was conducted by means of an electronic questionnaire using cluster sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned to the training group (70%) and the validation group (30%). Questionnaire-based survey was conducted to collect information. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used to screen the predictors related to the risk of mental health problems of the training group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to construct the prediction model. Calibration plots and receiver operating characteristic-derived area under the curve (AUC) were used for model validation. Decision curve analysis was applied to calculate the net benefit of the screening model.ResultsA total of 7118 participants met the inclusion criteria and the data were randomly divided into a training group (n=4955) and a validation group (n=2163) in a ratio of 3:1. A total of 23 characteristics were included in this study and LASSO regression selected 12 characteristics such as education, professional title, age, Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory, effort–reward imbalance, asbestos dust, hypertension, diabetes, working hours per day, working years, marital status and work schedule as predictors for the construction of the nomogram. In the validation group, the Brier score was 0.176, the calibration slope was 0.970 and the calibration curve of nomogram showed a good fit. The AUC of training group and verification group were 0.785 and 0.784, respectively.ConclusionThe nomogram combining these 12 characteristics can be used to predict the risk of suffering mental health problems, providing a useful tool for quickly and accurately screening the risk of mental health problems.