bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeling Unsafe at School Among Adolescents in 13 Asian and European Countries: Occurrence and Associated Factors
Authors: Mori Yuko , Tiiri Elina , Lempinen Lotta , Klomek Anat Brunstein , Kolaitis Gerasimos , Slobodskaya Helena R. , Kaneko Hitoshi , Srabstein Jorge C. , Li Liping , Huong Mai Nguyen , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Ong Say How , Lesinskiene Sigita , Kyrrestad Henriette , Wiguna Tjhin , Zamani Zahra , Sillanmäki Lauri , Sourander Andre ,   the EACMHS Study Group
Published: December 2022

BackgroundResearch on perceived school safety has been largely limited to studies conducted in Western countries and there has been a lack of large-scale cross-national studies on the topic.MethodsThe present study examined the occurrence of adolescents who felt unsafe at school and the associated factors of perceived school safety in 13 Asian and European countries. The data were based on 21,688 adolescents aged 13-15 (11,028 girls, 10,660 boys) who completed self-administered surveys between 2011 and 2017. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.FindingsThe number of adolescents who felt unsafe at school varied widely across countries, with a mean occurrence of 31.4% for the total sample: 31.3% for girls, and 31.1% for boys. The findings revealed strong independent associations between feeling unsafe and individual and school-related factors, such as being bullied, emotional and behavioral problems and feeling that teachers did not care. The study also found large variations in perceived school safety between schools in many countries.ConclusionThe findings emphasize the need to create safe educational environments for all students, based on positive relationships with teachers and peers. School-based interventions to prevent bullying and promote mental health should be a natural part of school safety promotion.
Gender differences in income among psychiatrists in China: Findings from a national survey
Authors: Han Xinxin , Shen Lijun , Tong Jiayu , Jiang Feng , Liu Huanzhong , Zhu Jiming 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundGender income disparity in healthcare settings is a longstanding issue around the globe, but such evidence among Chinese psychiatrists is scarce. This study investigated whether gender income differences exist among physicians in China.MethodsData came from the 2019 national survey data of 4,520 psychiatrists in major public psychiatric hospitals across China. Self-reported monthly income after tax (in Chinese Yuan, CNY) by participants at all professional ranks was assessed. Average monthly income by gender was reported. Adjusted income differences between male and female psychiatrists were examined using multivariable regression models, adjusting with inverse probability of treatment weights and controlling for psychiatrist demographics (e.g., gender, professional rank, marital status, educational level, and work hours) and hospital fixed effects.ResultsThe unadjusted mean difference in monthly income after tax by gender was 555 CNY (about $86; 95% CI, −825 to −284; mean [SD] for men: 8,652 [4,783] CNY and for women: 8,097 [4,350] CNY) in all psychiatrists. After regression adjustments, the income difference by gender among all psychiatrists reduced substantially and became insignificant. However, gender income difference was still observed among senior-level psychiatrists, where female psychiatrists earned 453 CNY (about $70; 95% CI, −810 to −95) significantly less than male psychiatrists.ConclusionChina achieved gender equity in income for psychiatrists overall, the observed income differences among senior level psychiatrists, however, reveal the persistence of gender inequity at the highest level of professional hierarchy. These findings call for policy attention to the issue of gender income disparity among psychiatrists in China's healthcare system.
Thyroid dose assessments due to inhalation of 131I for nuclear medicine workers
Authors: Liu Gang , Li Ye , Zhang HanYu , Zhang Xue , Liu Yin Yin , Wu Xiao Qin , Niu Li Mei , Zhang Rong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIn general, medical staff who work in nuclear medicine should be entirely safe in their professional environment. Nevertheless, we already know that the working environment of the nuclear medicine staff is not completely safe due to the handling of high amounts of radionuclides for diagnostic and therapy applications, which is especially relevant for 131I (as a non-sealed source).PurposeThe goal of this study was to assess the inhaled 131I thyroid dose in nuclear medicine workers and to introduce a simple method for internal exposure monitoring.MethodsUsing 2-IN*2-in NaI (Tl) scintillation spectrometer and its supporting software (InSpector Maintenance Utility and Genie 2000), from 2019 to 2021, internal thyroid irradiation monitoring, an internal thyroid irradiation monitoring investi A NaI (Tl) scintillation spectrometer and its sugation was carried out for 3 consecutive years, between 2019 and 2021, in staff members of nuclear medicine departments engaged with iodine therapy.Results131I activity was found highest in the thyroid of nuclear medicine workers involved with the manual packaging and delivery of the radioisotope, while it was not detected in staff members involved with the automatic packaging and drug delivery. The activity range was found to be 30.00 ± 6.60–6070.00 ± 1335.40 Bq for the exposed personnel, and the estimated dose was 0.05–6.77 mSv. In 2021, three workers had an annual equivalent dose above 5 mSv.ConclusionBy monitoring the thyroid 131I in staff members of the nuclear medicine department, it was found that there are 131I internal occupational exposure risks. The best solution is automatic packaging and drug delivery.
Effects of dietary diversification during pregnancy on birth outcomes in east Gojjam, northwest Ethiopia: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wondemagegn Amsalu Taye , Tsehay Binalfew , Mebiratie Akiloge Lake , Negesse Ayenew 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAdequate nutrient intake during pregnancy is an important key factor affecting fetal growth and birth outcomes, as well as maternal health, as demonstrated by experimental animal studies. However, the few human studies available, especially those conducted in the least developed countries (LDCs), are much less consistent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between dietary diversification during pregnancy and birth outcomes in Gojjam, Ethiopia.MethodologyA facility-based prospective cohort study was conducted on 416 pregnant mothers (exposed and non-exposed) from December 2019 to January 2020. Information about the Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) was collected using the Food and Agricultural Organization's guidelines. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires and measurements. Log-binomial regression analysis was performed to estimate the relative risk of adverse birth outcomes. Energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient amounts were calculated using the nutrition survey software version 2007. The differences between groups were noticed using analysis of variance. Eta squared was estimated in the current study.ResultsThe overall magnitude of low birth weight, preterm birth, and stillbirth in the study area, respectively, was 41%, 38%, and 4%. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, this study revealed that pregnant women in the inadequate WDDS group were at increased risk of LBW (ARR = 6.4; 95% CI: 3.4, 12) and PTD (ARR = 6.3; 95% CI: 3.3, 11.95) as compared with their counterparts but no difference in the occurrence of stillbirth (ARR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.20, 5.79).ConclusionOverall, this study found a large magnitude of low birth weight and preterm birth. Inadequate intake of dietary diversity during pregnancy significantly increased the rate of low birth weight and preterm birth. Thus, we recommend the concerned body to work on improving the feeding practices of pregnant mothers in the study area.
A bibliometric and visualization analysis on the association between chronic exposure to fine particulate matter and cancer risk
Authors: Luo Xuman , Yang Qiuping , Zheng Daitian , Tian Huiting , Chen Lingzhi , Wu Jinyao , Ji Zeqi , Chen Yexi , Li Zhiyang 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:As one of the major pollutants in ambient air pollution, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has attracted public attention. A large body of laboratory and epidemiological research has shown that PM2.5 exposure is harmful to human health.MethodsTo investigate its association with the commonly observed PM-related cancer, a bibliometric study was performed on related publications from 2012 to 2021 from a macroscopic perspective with the help of the Web of Science database and scientometric software VOSviewer, CiteSpace V, HistCite, and Biblioshiny.ResultsThe results indicated that of the 1,948 enrolled documents, scientific productions increased steadily and peaked in 2020 with 348 publications. The most prolific authors, journals, organizations, and countries were Raaschou-Nielsen O, Science of the Total Environment, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and China, respectively. The top five keywords in frequency order were “air pollution,” “particulate matter,” “lung cancer,” “exposure,” and “mortality.”DiscussionThe toxic mechanism of carcinogenicity was explained and is worthy of further investigation. China and the US collaborated most closely, and it is hoped the two countries can strengthen their collaboration to combat air pollution. There is also a need to identify the components of PM2.5 and refine the models to assess the global burden of disease attributed to PM2.5 exposure.
R2Play development: Fostering user-driven technology that supports return-to-play decision-making following pediatric concussion
Authors: DuPlessis Danielle , Lam Emily , Hotze Fanny , Khan Ajmal , Al-Hakeem Hiba , McFarland Stephanie , Hickling Andrea , Hutchison Michael , Wright F. Virginia , Reed Nick , Biddiss Elaine , Scratch Shannon E. 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo design a multi-domain return-to-play assessment system (R2Play) for youth athletes with concussion.MethodsThe R2Play system was developed using an overarching user-centered approach, the Design Thinking Framework, and research activities included: 1) structured brainstorming within our research team, 2) interviews with clinician and youth sports coaches, 3) building a testable prototype, and 4) interface testing through cognitive walkthroughs with clinician partners.ResultsClinician and coach participants provided feedback on the R2Play concept, which was integrated into the design process and provided future directions for research. Examples of feedback-driven design choices included reducing assessment time, increasing ecological validity by adding in background noise, and developing youth-friendly graphical results screens. Following refinement based on stakeholder feedback, the R2Play system was outlined in detail and a testable prototype was developed. It is made up of two parts: a clinician tablet, and a series of tablet “buttons” that display numbers and letters. Youth athletes run between the buttons to connect a “trail” in ascending alphanumeric order, 1-A-2-B, etc. Their performance across a series of levels of increasing difficulty is logged on the clinician tablet. Initial testing with five clinicians showed the system's interface to have excellent usability with a score of 81% (SD = 8.02) on the System Usability Scale.ConclusionThrough this research, a prototype of the R2Play system was innovated and evaluated by clinician and coach stakeholders. Initial usability was excellent and directions for future iterations were highlighted. Outcomes suggest the potential benefits of using technologies to assist in complex clinical assessment, as well as utilizing a user-centered approach to design.
Rehabilitation interventions for depression symptoms among cancer patients in Palestine: A systematic review
Authors: Battat Maher Mohammad Khalil , Marie Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundDepression enhances the disease burden in patients with cancer. Psychological interventions and the rehabilitation of depression are required as a part of palliative care for cancer patients to improve their quality of life and mental health.The aim of the study was to review the literature about depression rehabilitation interventions among patients with cancer in Palestine.MethodThe electronic databases used: PubMed, Science Direct, Research Gate, and Google Scholar to search for systematic review articles for the review study.ResultsA total of 23 articles were reviewed, including five from Palestine and five from Arab and Islamic nations. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions used to decrease symptoms of depression and enhance mental health among cancer patients represent the majority of interventions for depression rehabilitation in cancer patients. Interventions for depression rehabilitation among cancer patients in Palestine are only available from the perspective of palliative care, which also involves family education, managing the symptoms of cancer patients, and providing psychological support.ConclusionIn Palestine, non-pharmacological interventions, such as psychological interventions, are the primary options for treating and recovering from symptoms of depression. The management of symptoms in cancer patients also has a favorable impact on mental health and recovery from depression. In Palestine, there is a need for improvement in palliative care, particularly interventions for depressive symptoms. The main reason Palestinian patients with cancer have such limited treatment and recovery options are because of Israeli occupation.
How do rice consumers trade off sustainability and health labels? Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Cuong Ong Quoc , Connor Melanie , Demont Matty , Sander Bjoern Ole , Nelson Katherine 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionStrategies for increasing rice production in the Asian Mega-Deltas have led to environmental degradation, resource overexploitation, and high greenhouse gas emissions. Certified sustainable production labels can support governments in their efforts to render rice value chains more sustainable by simultaneously fostering planetary and human health. Little is known, however, about how consumers trade off sustainability and health attributes in staple crops such as rice. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by investigating Vietnamese consumers' preferences and willingness to pay for rice characterized by multi-attribute sustainability and health certification labels.MethodsWe collected empirical data from 410 supermarket consumers in Can Tho, Vietnam using a choice experiment survey. The results were analyzed using a mixed logit model to determine consumers' preferences for sustainability and health traits in rice. Four price levels were used to elicit willingness-to-pay for four certification labels: low-emission, eco-friendly, ethically produced, and low glycemic index rice. By separating the components that make up the concept of sustainability and by including a label related to personal health and diet preferences, we are able to gain an understanding of the value consumers place on attributes that benefit the common good vs. attributes that benefit the individual consumer.ResultsThe results showed that consumers were willing to pay a price premium for all certification labels, with the highest marginal utility assigned to low glycemic index rice.DiscussionCertification of eco-friendly and ethical production generated similar utility levels, while low-emission rice was valued lower, although it still fetched a significant price premium compared to the status-quo option of rice with no certifications. The results of this study can help policymakers and value chain actors develop rice value chains that integrate sustainable production practices as well as foster the nutrition and health of rice consumers.
Individual behavioral correlates of tail biting in pre-finishing piglets
Authors: Bagaria Marc , Kuiper Laura , Meijer Ellen , Sterck Elisabeth H. M. 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionTail biting is a widespread problem in pig production systems and has a negative impact on both animal welfare and farm income. This explorative study aims to validate how tail biting is related to general behaviors at the individual level and explore whether these behaviors are related to a particular type of tail biting: two-stage, sudden-forceful, obsessive, or epidemic.MethodsThis research was conducted in a standard commercial setting where 89 tail-docked pre-finishing piglets divided into 8 groups were observed 4 days per week from 5 to 8 weeks of age. Each piglet was observed for a total of 160 min using continuous focal sampling. Ten individual behaviors were recorded based on the general behaviors expected to be linked to giving tail biting (PCA1), receiving tail biting (PCA2), and tail biting damage (PCA3). These PCAs were assembled and related to tail biting given, tail biting received, and tail biting lesions.ResultsTail biting did not lead to major damage on the piglets' tail at 8 weeks of age but was observed 420 times, where most of the individuals (72%) were categorized as “biters and victims.” When relating PCA1 with tail biting given, piglets that gave more tail biting showed more “active exploration.” When relating PCA2 with tail biting received, piglets receiving more tail biting were more “explored while active” and “attacked and explored.” When relating PCA2 with tail biting lesions, piglets presenting lesions showed more “agonism.” Surprisingly, tail biting lesions were not significantly related to PCA3. The relationship between explorative behaviors and tail biting indicates that the pre-damage stage of two-stage tail biting was the predominant tail biting type, while the damaging stage was likely incipient. The relationship between tail biting and aggression, as well as the minor tail lesions observed suggest that sudden-forceful tail biting was probably present even though it was rarely seen. Obsessive and epidemic tail biting were not observed.DiscussionThis study demonstrates that studying tail biting at the individual level helps to identify the type of tail biting present. This gives directions to farmers for applying appropriate measures to prevent the development of tail biting behavior in piglets.
Genetic Diversity of Two Globally Invasive Snails in Asia and Americas in Relation with Agricultural Habitats and Climate Factors
Authors: Zhao Benliang , Luo Mingzhu , Zhang Jiaen , Liu Yiliang , Deng Zhixin , Gong Xin 
Published: December 2022

The successful establishment of invasive populations is closely linked to environmental factors. It is unclear whether coexisting species in the native area follow the same genetic pattern in the invaded continents under the local climate factors. Two coexisting morphologically similar snails (Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata), native to tropical and sub-tropical South America, have become invasive species for agriculture production and wetland conservation across five continents over 40 years. We analyzed the correlation between the genetic diversity of the two snails and the climate factors or habitat changes. Based on the 962 sequences from the invaded continents and South America, the nucleotide diversity in the agricultural habitat was low for P. canaliculata, whereas it was high for P. maculata, compared with that in the non-agricultural habitat. The two snails showed a divided population structure among the five continents. The P. canaliculata population in the invaded continents has remained stable, whereas the P. maculata population expanded suddenly. Seven main haplotype networks and two ancestral haplotypes (Pc3, Pm1) were found in the P. canaliculata and P. maculata populations. The haplotypes of the two snails were related to local climate factors. The overall fixation index of P. canaliculata and P. maculata was 0.2657 and 0.3097 between the invaded continents and South America. The population expansion of the two snails fitted the isolation-by-distance model. We discovered nine new sequences from the sampling locations. Overall, the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of the two invasive snails were closely related to geographic separation, agricultural habitat, and climate factors.
Transcriptomic Analysis Insight into the Immune Modulation during the Interaction of Ophiocordyceps sinensis and Hepialus xiaojinensis
Authors: Tong Xinxin , Peng Ting , Liu Sukun , Zhang Daixi , Guo Jinlin 
Published: December 2022

Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Berk.) is an entomopathogenic fungus that can infect the larva of the ghost moth, Hepialus xiaojinensis, causing mummification after more than one year. This prolonged infection provides a valuable model for studying the immunological interplay between an insect host and a pathogenic fungus. A comparative transcriptome analysis of pre-infection (L) and one-year post-infection (IL) larvae was performed to investigate the immune response in the host. Here, a total of 59,668 unigenes were obtained using Illumina Sequencing in IL and L. Among the 345 identified immune-related genes, 83 out of 86 immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) had a much higher expression in IL than in L. Furthermore, the immune-related DEGs were classified as pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), signal modulators or transductors, and immune effector molecules. Serpins and protease inhibitors were found to be upregulated in the late phase of infection, suppressing the host’s immune response. Based on the above analysis, the expression levels of most immune-related genes would return to the baseline with the immune response being repressed in the late phase of infection, leading to the fungal immunological tolerance after prolonged infection. Meanwhile, the transcriptomes of IL and the mummified larva (ML) were compared to explore O. sinensis invasion. A total of 1408 novel genes were identified, with 162 of them annotated with putative functions. The gene families likely implicated in O. sinensis pathogenicity have been identified, primarily including serine carboxypeptidase, peroxidase, metalloprotease peptidase, aminopeptidases, cytochrome P450, and oxidoreductase. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to assess the expression levels of some critical genes that were involved in immune response and fungal pathogenicity. The results showed that their expression levels were consistent with the transcriptomes. Taken together, our findings offered a comprehensive and precise transcriptome study to understand the immune defense in H. xiaojinensis and O. sinensis invasion, which would accelerate the large-scale artificial cultivation of this medicinal fungus.
Microstructure, Critical Behavior and Magnetocaloric Properties of Melt-Spun Ni51.82Mn32.37In15.81
Authors: Dadda Karima , Alleg Safia , Souilah Saida , Daza Jason , Saurina Joan , Suñol Joan-Josep , Bessais Lotfi , Hlil El-Kebir 
Published: December 2022

Heusler alloy with an atomic composition of Ni51.82Mn32.37In15.81 was prepared by melt spinning from arc-melted ingots. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and magnetic measurements were used to study the structural, microstructural and magnetic properties. The crystal structure consists of a mixture of B2 austenite (~50%) and 14M martensite (~50%). The alloy undergoes a second order magnetic transition at a Curie temperature of TcA=194.2 K. The hysteresis loop reveals the occurrence of exchange bias phenomenon at room temperature. The critical exponents β, γ and δ were estimated using modified Arrott plots, Kouvel–Fisher curves and critical isothermal analysis. The respective values are β=0.500±0.015, γ=1.282±0.055 and δ=3.003±0.002. The critical behaviour in ribbons is governed by the mean field model with a dominated long-range order of ferromagnetic interactions. The maximum entropy change, ∆SMmax, for an applied magnetic field of 5 T reaches an absolute value of 0.92 J/kg·K. The experimental results of entropy changes are in good agreement with those calculated using Landau theory.