bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Covid Pandemic Affected the Physical Fitness of Primary School Children
Authors: Teich Paula , Fühner Thea , Bähr Florian , Puta Christian , Granacher Urs , Kliegl Reinhold 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: In spring 2020, the Sars-CoV-2 incidence rate increased rapidly in Germany and around the world. Throughout the next two years, schools were temporarily closed and social distancing measures were put in place to slow the spread of Covid-19. Did these restrictions affect children’s physical fitness? The EMOTIKON project annually tests the physical fitness of all third-graders in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. The tests assess cardiorespiratory endurance (6-minute-run test), coordination (star-run test), speed (20-m sprint test), lower (powerLOW; standing long jump test) and upper (powerUP; ball-push test) limbs muscle power, and static balance (one-legged stance test with eyes closed). Children were tested in the falls from 2016 to 2021. Primary analyses included 83,476 keyage third-graders (i.e., school enrollment according to the legal key date, aged between eight and nine years) from 512 schools. Secondary analyses focused on two other groups of children, namely 22,761 older-than-keyage third-graders (i.e., OTK, delayed school enrollment or repetition of a grade, aged between nine and ten years), and 1,321 younger-than-keyage third-graders (i.e., YTK, early school enrollment or skipping of a grade, aged between seven and eight years). Linear mixed models took into account cubic secular trends, and differences between children and schools.
Results: In keyage children, the Covid pandemic negatively affected a composite fitness score as well as cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, and speed. We found a positive pandemic effect on powerLOW, but no evidence for pandemic effects on powerUP and balance. Cohen’s |ds| for the effects of each pandemic year ranged from 0.05 for cardiorespiratory endurance and powerLOW to 0.15 for coordination. In each pandemic year, keyage children exhibited developmental delays of 3.5 months for cardiorespiratory endurance and coordination, 2.1 months for speed, and a developmental gain of 1.6 months for powerLOW. The pandemic further increased developmental delays of OTK children, who already exhibited physical fitness impairments prior to the pandemic, in cardiorespiratory endurance, coordination, powerUP and balance. We found no evidence for differential pandemic effects for YTK children.
Conclusions: The Covid pandemic negatively affected several physical fitness components in primary school children. Health-related interventions should prioritize the negatively affected physical fitness components.
A MYOD-SKP2 axis boosts tumorigenesis in fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma by preventing differentiation through p57Kip2 targeting
Authors: Pomella Silvia , Cassandri Matteo , Cossetti Cristina , Phelps Doris , Perrone Clara , Pezzella Michele , Cardinale Antonella , Wachtel Marco , Colletti Marta , Walters Zoe , Sreeni Prethish , Angela Di Giannatale , Milano Giuseppe , Marampon Francesco , De Stefanis Cristiano , Alaggio Rita , Rodriguez Sonia , Carlesso Nadia , Vakoc Christopher , Velardi Enrico , Schäfer Beat , Guccione Ernesto , Gatz Susanne , Wasti Ajla , Yohe Marielle , Khan Javed , Ignatius Myron , Quintarelli Concetta , Shipley Janet , Miele Lucio , Houghton Peter , Gryder Berkley , De Angelis Biagio , Locatelli Franco , Rota Rossella 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a pediatric mesenchymal-derived malignancy encompassing Fusion Positive (FP)-RMS expressing PAX3/7-FOXO1 and Fusion Negative (FN)-RMS often mutated in the RAS pathway. RMS expresses the master myogenic transcription factor MYOD that, paradoxically, in the tumor context is essential for tumor cell growth and survival. We identify here SKP2, an oncogenic E3-ubiquitin ligase of the SCF/CRL1 complex, as a critical driver of tumorigenesis downstream of MYOD in FN-RMS.
SKP2 is overexpressed in RMS at the highest levels among several adult and pediatric cancers and its expression is maintained by MYOD through an intronic enhancer within the gene, in loop with its promoter. Mechanistically, in FN-RMS cells SKP2 functions by directly targeting p27Kip1 and p57Kip2 promoting their degradation. SKP2 knockdown causes cell cycle arrest by enhancing p27Kip1 and promotes differentiation by increasing p57Kip2, which in turn stabilizes MYOD. This leads to MYOD and MYOG increase and unlocks a myogenic program resulting in de novo expression of terminal muscle differentiation markers and cell fusion. SKP2 depletion strongly affects stemness and anchorage-independence features and prevents tumor growth. The investigational NEDDylation inhibitor MLN4924 (Pevonedistat) hampers SKP2 functions restraining FN-RMS cell survival and tumor growth. Our results uncover a MYOD-SKP2 axis crucial for the crosstalk between transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms that contribute to FN-RMS tumorigenesis and broaden the understanding of MYOD function. Furthermore, they suggest inhibition of NEDDylation as a potential therapeutic approach in this tumor.
Spatial chromatin accessibility sequencing resolves next-generation genome architecture
Authors: Tang Chong , Xie Yeming , Ruan Fengying , Li Yaning , Luo Meng , Zhang Chen , Chen Zhichao , Xie Zhe , Weng Zhe , Chen Weitian , Chen Wenfang , Fang Yitong , Sun Yuxin , Guo Mei , Wang Juan , Wang Hongqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As the genome has a three-dimensional structure in intracellular space, epigenomic information also has a complex spatial arrangement. However, the majority of epigenetic studies describe locations of methylation marks, chromatin accessibility regions, and histone modifications in the linear dimension. Proper spatial epigenomic information has rarely been obtained. In this study, we designed spatial chromatin accessibility sequencing (SCA-seq) to reveal the three-dimensional map of chromatin accessibility and simultaneously capture the genome conformation. Using SCA-seq, we simultaneously disclosed spatial regulation of chromatin accessibility (e.g. enhancer-promoter contacts), CpG island methylation and spatial insulating functions of the CCCTC-binding factor. We demonstrate that SCA-seq paves the way to explore epigenomic information in the three-dimensional space and extends our knowledge in next-generation genome architecture.
Association between admission systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular events in acute myocardial infarction patients with different left ventricular ejection fractions
Authors: Qiu Hui , Xin Yanguo , Li Weiping , Wang Man , Zhang Yue , Chen Hui , Li Hongwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background It has been reported that among patients with acute heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is closely related with admission blood pressure. However, it is unclear whether the systolic blood pressure is associated with the LVEF in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Therefore, we evaluated the predictive value of admission SBP in AMI patients with different LVEF status. Methods Patients’ clinical data were extracted from the Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital Database Bank (CBD BANK). A total of 4114 patients were included in this analysis. The included patients were divided into two groups according to their left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the first echocardiography record after admission. Patients were categorized into four groups (SBP 90- 99mmHg, SBP 100-119mmHg, SBP 120-139mmHg, SBP ≥ 140mmHg) based on SBP level at admission. Results The mean age was 64.9 ± 12.5 years and 28% were female. For patients of LVEF < 50% in the lowest SBP group (SBP 90-99mmHg), the incidence of in-hospital cardiovascular death was significantly higher than other SBP groups (reference: SBP 90–99 mmHg) [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.287, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.110–0.748 for SBP 120–139 mmHg, and OR 0.241, 95% CI 0.089–0.651 for SBP ≥ 140 mmHg]. The patients of LVEF ≥ 50% in the highest SBP group (SBP ≥ 140mmHg) were at significantly higher risk of cardiogenic mortality during long-term follow-up (reference: SBP ≥ 140 mmHg) [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 0.753, 95% CI: 0.530–0.871 for SBP 100–119 mmHg, HR 0.765, 95% CI: 0.567–0.933 for SBP 120–139 mmHg, and HR 0.519, 95% CI: 0.236–0.840 for SBP 90–99 mmHg]. Conclusion SBP 90-99mmHg were associated with increased in-hospital cardiovascular death in AMI population with LVEF < 50%, and SBP > 140mmHg were associated with increased long-term cardiovascular death in AMI subjects with LVEF > 50%.
Changing Trajectory of Daily Physical Activity Levels Among At-Risk Adolescents: Influences of Motivational Mechanisms
Authors: Deng Anqi , Zarrett Nicole , Moon Jongho , Sweeney Allison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Guided by Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the purpose of this study was to determine changes in the 16-week moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) trajectory of underserved adolescents who participated in the Connect through PLAY intervention and the effects of changes in participating adolescents’ intrinsic and autonomous extrinsic motivations on their MVPA trajectory over the 16-week intervention.
Methods
A subsample of 113 adolescents (56.64% female; 61.06% African American; average age = 11.29) provided complete data throughout the 16-week intervention were examined. Adolescents’ objective daily MVPA was measured using 7- day accelerometer data. Change in adolescents’ intrinsic motivation and autonomous extrinsic motivation were assessed using subscales from the Interest and Regulatory Motives Scale (Duda et al., 1992) and the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Ryan & Connell, 1989) respectively. A hierarchical linear model was built and tested to address the research aims.
Results
The results of hierarchical linear models showed that, on average, youth daily MVPA increased 6.36 minutes in each 8-week period. Intrinsic motivation change, but not autonomous extrinsic motivation, was a positive and significant level-2 predictor of daily MVPA changes.
Conclusion
The findings provide significant evidence suggesting a benefit of integrating SDT-based approaches and further suggest that nurturing intrinsic motivation can be an effective approach to supporting youth daily MVPA in under-resources afterschool programs.
Trial registration
Connect Through PLAY: A Staff-based Physical Activity Intervention for Middle School Youth (Connect). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03732144. Registered November 6th, 2018.
The Effectiveness of Global Protected Areas for Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Duncanson Laura , Liang Mengyu , Leitold Veronika , Armston John , Moorthy Sruthi M. , Dubayah Ralph , Costedoat Sebastien , Enquist Brian , Fatoyinbo Lola , Goetz Scott , Gonzalez-Roglich Mariano , Merow Cory , Roehrdanz Patrick , Tabor Karyn , Zvoleff Alex 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Forests play a critical role in stabilizing Earth’s climate. Establishing Protected Areas (PAs) represents one approach to forest conservation, but PAs were rarely created to mitigate climate change. The global impact of PAs on the carbon cycle, through avoided emissions and/or enhanced growth, has not previously been quantified due to a lack of accurate global carbon stock maps. Here we used ~412 million lidar samples from NASA’s GEDI mission to estimate a total of 19.7 +/- 1.8 Gt of additional Aboveground Biomass (AGB) associated with PA status. These higher C stocks are primarily attributed to avoided emissions, and are roughly equivalent to annual global fossil fuel emissions. The total measured PA AGB was 125.3 Gt (+/- 0.63), 26% of all mapped terrestrial woody AGB. These results underscore the importance of conservation of high integrity1, high biomass forests for avoiding carbon emissions and preserving future sequestration.
Evaluation of mitigation policies against Omicron BA.5 in Japan: Testing, quarantine, and isolation
Authors: Chiba Asako 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
During the outbreak of Omicron BA.5 in June 2022, strong mitigation policies were still in place in Japan. This paper presents counterfactual experiments regarding testing, the quarantine of positive cases, and isolation, to evaluate the impact of implemented policies. Simulations using an agent-based model showed that high dependence on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and low use of antigen tests exacerbated the outbreak. In addition, the required isolation periods for diagnosed cases were too long; that is, they could have been shortened from 10 to 7 days. Quarantine for those who have had contact with diagnosed patients lowered the epidemic curve; however, this was accompanied by a large number of uninfected quarantined individuals who could not work or go out, which led to economic and social losses. The size of the contribution of each mitigation policy depends on the abundancy of test opportunities. The high positive test rate over this period suggests scarce test opportunities, which led us to conclude that, even without contact tracing and with a shorter duration of isolation and wider use of low-sensitivity antigen tests, the impact of the outbreak could have been made milder.
Buried-in Interface with Two-terminal Functional Groups for Perovskite- based Photovoltaic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Zhenhua , Zhou Xinming , Li Xiaohui , Li Handong , Algadi Hassan , Zhang Putao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Interface plays an important role in determining the optoelectronic properties of perovskite film to access efficiency photovoltaic device. Herein, a functional molecular with two-terminal donor groups was deposited between the SnO2 electron transport layer and halide perovskite to manipulate the perovskite crystal growth and passivate defects at the interface. It’s found that isonicotinohydrazide (INHA) can anchor Pb2+ cluster in precursor against the harsh perovskite ingredient exhaustion, leading to a uniform nuclei distribution for crystal growth in the whole perovskite film. Growth manipulation give rise to confinement induced dynamical crystallization process leading a uniform perovskite film from bottom to top. As well, more analysis shows that interfacial modification can greatly reduce trap defects and therefore facilitate photogenerated carrier-transferring. The efficient electron transfer and reduced interface traps correlate well with the corresponding fill factors and open-circuit voltages (VOC) of working devices. The resulting perovskite solar cell exhibits striking improvements to reach the champion efficiency of 21.12%. The long-term stability is also significantly enhanced compared to pristine devices. This work highlights the origin of INHA/perovskite interfacial interaction and offer a growth model for further perfecting perovskite films.
Extraction of cellulose nanofibers from pineapple crown waste: Characterisation and evaluation in topical drug delivery
Authors: Bhatia Meenakshi , Rani Pooja , Verma Vikas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the present study, cellulose nanofibers were extracted from pineapple crown waste by alkali treatment method and characterized by FT-IR, DSC, XRD, and SEM studies. Further, pineapple nanofibers (2% w/v) were incorporated in carbopol 934P (0.5%w/v) containing ampicillin (1%w/v) to prepare topical gel. The preferred gel formulation was evaluated for particle size (150 ±0.64nm), polydispersity index (0.303 ±0.02), and drug content (99.87 ±0.34%). The gel formulation was also evaluated for physiochemical characterizations: FT-IR, DSC, XRD and SEM studies. The in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation of the drug from gel formulation and the aqueous solution of drug was observed to be 34% and 100% (in 10 h) with flux rate of 3.9852 ±103 ug/cm2/h and 3.6254±412ug/cm2/h respectively. The antibacterial activity against E. coli exhibited controlled release of the drug as determined by zone of inhibition 9.3 mm (gel formulation) when compared to the ampicillin drug (14.4 mm) solution. Histopathological analysis displayed no signs of toxicity when observed after application of gel formulation on goat ear skin.
National Assessment of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Family Medicine Residents’ Experiences with CenteringPregnancy Group Prenatal Care
Authors: Place Jean Marie , De Griend Kristin Van , Zhang Mengxi , Schreiner Melanie , Munroe Tanya , Crockett Amy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective: To examine family medicine (FM) and obstetrician-gynecologist (OB/GYN) residents’ level of exposure to CenteringPregnancy (CP) group prenatal care (GPNC) as a correlate to perceived likelihood of implementing CP in future practice, as well as knowledge, attitude, and perceived barriers to implementation.
Methods: We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study annually from 2017 to 2019 with FM and OB/GYN residents from 189 residency programs across 33 states in the United States licensed to operate CP. We applied crude and adjusted logistic regression models to identify predictors of intentions to engage withCP in future practice.
Results: Of 212 FM and 176 OB/GYN residents included in analysis, 67.01% of respondents intended to participate as a facilitator inCP in future practice and 51.80% of respondents were willing to talk to decision makers about establishing CP. Both FM and OB/GYN residents who spent more than 15 hours engaged withCP and who expressed a supportive attitude towardsCP were more likely to participate as a facilitator. FM residents who were more familiar withCP reported higher intention to participate as a facilitator, while OB/GYN residents exposed to multiple types of engagement withCP were more likely to report an intention to participate as a facilitator.
Conclusion: Engagement with and attitudes towardsCP during residency are key factors in residents’ intention to practiceCP in the future. In residency programs that provideCP for patients, program directors should consider the timing ofCP training and types of resident engagement with the model.
Design of a new polymeric matrix based on xanthan and polyurethane as support for the release of antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Anghel Narcis , Dimofte Alexandra , Spiridon Iuliana , Dinu Maria-Valentina , Stelian Vlad , Pertea Mihaela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The antifungal agent ketoconazole (K) and anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam (P) were incorporated into xanthan (Xn) or esterified xanthan with oleic acid (XnOA) and polyurethane (PU) matrix, targeting the development of delivery devices for the bioactive principles with possible applications as topical drug carriers. The drug encapsulation had an impact on the mechanical strength of the Xn-PU and XnOA-PU matrices. In contrast to those without bioactive compounds, which only demonstrated a compressive nominal stress of 32.18 kPa (sample Xn-PU) at 71.26% strain, the compressive strength of the biomaterials increased to roughly 50.04 kPa (sample Xn-PU-K) at 71.34% strain. The value of the compressive strength dropped to around 30.67 kPa when a second drug was entrapped inside the Xn-PU matrix (sample Xn-PU-P/K), while the maximum sustained strain increased to 87.21%. The Weibull model provided the best fit for the drug release kinetics. In contrast to the materials containing Xn-PU, those based on XnOA-PU released the active principles more slowly (the release rate constant displays low values). All materials display antimicrobial activity. Additionally, a higher amount of piroxicam is released from XnOA-PU-P (64%) than from Xn-PU-P (44%), which reveals a more pronounced anti-inflammatory activity of the former system (82.8% inhibition), compared to the latter (71% inhibition). According to the results, materials based on polyurethane and modified or unmodified xanthan could be used as topical drug carriers to release piroxicam and ketoconazole.
Comparison of various models for the estimation of heritability and breeding values
Authors: Hamadani Ambreen , Ganai Nazir Ahmad , Khan Nusrat Nabi , Shanaz Syed , Rather Mubashir Ali , Ahmad Haider Ali , Shah Ruksana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The exploration of additive genetic variance for the selection of animals is the central paradigm in quantitative genetics and it is important to use appropriate animal models considering important factors. This study compares various factor effects for heritability and breeding values estimations on data collected on the Corriedale. Overall, the heritability estimates were highest for birthweight. Both the additive genetic variance and the heritability got reduced upon adding more random effects. Year-effect as random reduced the heritability except for birthweight. The highest average accuracy for breeding values for birth, weaning, 6, 9, and 12-month-weights for were 0.656, 0.567, 0.519, 0.486, and 0.515. These were observed for models having sex or sex and parity as fixed effects. It is concluded that fixed and random factors have a significant effect on genetic-factors and breeding-value accuracies and should be considered during selection programs. Such farm-specific models shall make the selection program more effective.
Personality Traits and Climate Change Denial, Concern, and Proactivity: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Cipriani Enrico , Frumento Sergio , Gemignani Angelo , Menicucci Danilo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Climate Change is a global issue which touches the lives of all human beings, each with different outlooks and motivations. The high degree of complexity which emerges from the involvement of such a large number of people might be better understood through the lenses of their individual differences.
Methods
We performed a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022364726) following PRISMA guidelines. We searched keywords on Web of Science™ and Scopus®, including peer-reviewed articles which quantitatively examined correlations between personality and climate attitudes, published from inception to October 26, 2022.
Findings
109 articles were assessed. 54 were included in our review. Meta-analyses show that Climate Change Denial is positively correlated with Social Dominance Orientation (n = 31505; r = 0.40; p < 0.001) and Right-Wing Authoritarianism (n = 22037; r = 0.45; p < 0.001), and negatively with Openness (n = 10326; r = -0.15; p < 0.001), Neuroticism (n = 7030; r = -0.06; p <0.001), Consideration of Future Consequences (n = 1662; r = -0.32; p < 0.001) and Actively Open-Minded Thinking (n = 2116; r = -0.40; p < 0.05). Concern for Climate Change correlates with Openness (n = 19951; r = 0.15; p < 0.001), Consideration of Future Consequences (n = 1573; r = 0.29; p < 0.001), and negatively with Social Dominance Orientation (n = 4027; r = 0.36; p < 0.001). Finally, Proactivity towards Climate Change correlates positively with Consideration of Future Consequences (n = 1573; r = 0.29; p < 0.01), and negatively with Social Dominance Orientation (n = 2615; r = -0.25; p < 0.001) and Right-Wing Authoritarianism (n = 1345; r = -0.30; p < 0.001). Moderation analysis shows geographical variations in the Social Dominance Orientation and Climate Denial relationship.
Interpretation
Personality’s involvement in Climate Change is significantly different from other environmental issues. Future targeted research, policies, and communication campaigns should take these peculiarities into account.
Fundings
Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) as part of the PON 2014-2020 (DM MUR 1061/2022).