bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legume Nutrition is Improved by Neighbouring Grasses
Authors: Wei Zhang , Maxwell Thomas M. R. , Robinson Brett , Dickinson Nicholas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Combination of grasses and nitrogen-fixing legumes are ubiquitous in most natural and derived pastoral grasslands. This was not formerly the case in New Zealand’s unique indigenous grasslands that are now frequently impacted by exotic pasture grasses and legumes. Understanding the co-existence of native and exotic plants is the broad focus of this research.Aims Spillover of nitrogen (N) from clovers to grasses in diverse pasture is well known. We question whether grasses provide reciprocal nutritional benefits to legumes. Does the mutual exploitation of soil biogeochemistry by legumes and grasses help to explain their coexistence and, if so, does this have implications for biodiversity in NZ’s novel native grassland communities? Methods Combinations of grasses and legumes, including a native tussock grass, were grown in a nutrient-poor high country soil (low P, S, Ca, Mg, Mn, and B) in a pot experiment, quantifying the foliar acquisition of nutrients from soil. Foliage of clover was also sampled in single- and mixed-species patches in a more fertile lowland pasture. Results Benefits of legume and grass growing together were reflected in enhanced productivity and higher uptake of a range of key nutrients. This was most evident but not restricted to a combination of two exotic species: cocksfoot and white clover. In the nutrient-poor soil, legumes grew better in combination with different species of introduced grasses. Uptake of key elements from soil to plants significantly differed with combinations of legumes and grasses compared to individual species. Elevated concentrations of P, K and S were recorded in clover when growing with grasses, although Ca uptake was lower. Expected reciprocal reduction of clover N or enhanced grass N were not recorded. Mass balance data (total extraction of key nutrients from the soil pool) showed that combination of grasses and legumes exploit soil nutrients (particularly P, Zn, Mn and Mo) more effectively than single species alone. In grasses, only tissue concentrations of K, S and Zn significantly increased when growing with legumes, but native tussock grass procured less nutrients when growing with the exotic legumes. Field sampling of clover from the more fertile lowland soil showed significantly higher foliar concentrations of K, Mn, Cu and B, but less Ca.Conclusions The findings are indicative of a mutualistic relationship: legumes derive nutritional benefits from growing with grasses. Native tussock grass contained less N when growing with the exotic legumes, suggesting less compatibility and a lack of adaptation to coexistence.
Citizen Energy Communities - Insights Into Long-Term Participant Behavior From a Field Study
Authors: Richter Bent , Staudt Philipp , Weinhardt Christof 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Citizen Energy Communities, particularly local energy markets, have been discussed for several years as a concept that allows private households, prosumers, and small local generation facilities to be actively integrated into the existing energy system. According to the literature, it promotes investment incentives and introduces local price signals, to which the participants respond with behavioral changes. However, there is a lack of long-term, real-world data, and insights on participants’ behavior in such communities, which is crucial to assess their overall performance and functionality. We fill this research gap by analyzing user behavior based on a one-year pilot project’s recorded data and expert interviews with its participants. Results: In three analyses, we observe that participants are initially willing to pay a premium price above the grid tariff for local green power, but this willingness decreases in the long run, affecting investment incentives. In contrast to assumptions in the literature, participants show decreasing activity over time and do not respond to specific information nudges. However, regular reminders and reports are perceived as valuable by the participants and support their integration into the community. Also, we cannot confirm behavioral consumption changes in response to different price signals. Conclusion: Our results show that the active integration of participants is more challenging than hitherto assumed, and both market mechanism complexity and the need for automation play a central role in a successful design.
Association between quality of life and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in high-risk patients after coronary revascularization
Authors: Song Xiantao , Nan Nan , Dong Wei , Gao Bingyu , Cui Feihuan , Chang Zhi , Jiao Jian , Zuo Huijuan , Mi Hongzhi , Lyu Shuzheng , Zhang Hongjia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: We sought to determine the association between mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after coronary revascularization. Methods: This cohort study involved patients with high-risk MSIMI who were selected from those who received coronary revascularization between Dec 2018 and Dec 2019. Patients with screened depression/anxiety were enrolled in this study. Mental stress was induced by the Stroop Color and Word Test 4 weeks after coronary revascularization. All participants underwent single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans at rest and at mental stress. MSIMI was defined as the presence of four abnormal SPECT phenomena. QoL was assessed using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) before and 4 weeks after coronary revascularization. Results: Of the 1,845 consecutive patients who received coronary revascularization, 590 (31.9%) had depression/anxiety and 205 agreed to accept the mental stress test. During the average follow-up of 42.8 days, 105 (51.2%) patients developed MSIMI. All SAQ subscales were significantly improved, except for QoL, in the MSIMI group. The QoL score was lower (−0.2 ± 32.7 vs. 13.1 ± 29.9, P = 0.005) and the proportion of deterioration in QoL was higher (50.5% vs. 31.9%, P = 0.010) in the MSIMI group than in the non-MSIMI group. Those with a deterioration in QoL were approximately two times as likely to develop MSIMI as those with the improvement in QoL (unadjusted HR: 2.019, 95% CI: 1.122–3.634, P = 0.026; adjusted HR: 1.968, 95% CI: 1.083–3.578, P = 0.017). Conclusion: Among the patients with CAD who received coronary revascularization and had depression/anxiety, deterioration in QoL increased the likelihood of MSIMI. Hence, our results indicate that deterioration in QoL is a predictor of MSIMI.Trail Registration: ChiCTR2200055792, retrospectively registered, 2022.1.20, www.medresman.org.cn;
Computational Thinking and Educational Robotics Integrated into Project-Based Learning
Authors: Valls Albert 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

In the context of STEAM discipline in education, subjects tend to fall into contextualized activities or projects. Educational robotics and computational thinking have the potential to be subjects, although not all educational programs provide for it. Although the use of technology and programming platforms is widespread, it is not common practice to integrate computational thinking and educational robotics into the official curriculum in the field of secondary school. That is why this paper continues with the initial project of integrating computational thinking and educational robotics in La Salle Bonanova school, a Secondary school in Barcelona, Spain. This study presents a project-based learning where the main focus is the development of skills related to STEAM subjects and the acquisition of computational thinking knowledge in a 2nd year of use a block-based programming environment.
A Scientific Report of Singular Kernel on the Rate Type Fluid Subject to the Mixed Convection Flow
Authors: Awan Azizullah , Riaz Samia , Ashfaq Maryam , Abro Kashif Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The response of inhomogeneous fluids whose material properties are strongly interconnected with mean normal stress and shear rate; such phenomenon undergo to rate type constitutive theories within thermodynamical aspects. In this context, the thermodynamic approach for modeling a class of viscoelastic fluids so called Oldroyd-B fluid is investigated by means of singular kernel. This is because, role of singular kernel has become imperative due to the wide applications of rate type fluid subject to the mixed convection flow. In order to have the systematical and molecular dynamics of Oldroyd-B fluid, the temperature distribution, velocity profile and Nusslet number have been explored by invoking the Laplace transform on the governing equations. Owing to the strengthening of physical parameters, the enhancement of convective heat transfer is emphasized on the basis of relaxation as well as retardation phenomenon. Additionally, the evaluation of thermal and flow characteristics of Oldroyd-B fluid have resulted to discover more evolutionary mechanisms of the considered problem of rate type fluid subject to the mixed convection flow.
Diagnostic gene biomarkers for predicting immune infiltration in endometriosis
Authors: Xie Chengmao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective

To determine the potential diagnostic markers and extent of immune cell infiltration in endometriosis (EMS).
Methods

From the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO), we downloaded two published profiles (GSE7305 and GSE25628 datasets) of human EMS and endometrial specimens. Differential genes between 17 EMS and 19 endometrial samples were compared. Candidate biomarkers were identified by support vector machine recursive feature elimination analysis and a Lasso regression model. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value represented the discriminatory biomarkers. The diagnostic value and expression levels of biomarkers in EMS were verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, then further validated in the GSE5108 dataset that included 11 eutopic and 11 ectopic endometria. On the basis of the merged cohorts, we used CIBERSORT to estimate the composition pattern of immune cell components in EMS.
Results

Fifty-three genes were identified in cells from benign neoplasms, polycystic ovary syndrome, gallbladder carcinomas, and adenomas. Gene sets related to arachidonic acid metabolism, cytokine–cytokine receptor interactions, complement and coagulation cascades, chemokine signaling pathways, and systemic lupus erythematosus were differentially activated in EMS compared with endometrial samples. Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and ZW10 binding protein (ZWINT) were identified as diagnostic markers of EMS, which were verified using qRT-PCR and western blotting and validated in the GSE5108 dataset. Immune cell infiltrate analysis showed that AQP1 and ZWINT were correlated with M2 macrophages, NK cells, activated dendritic cells, T follicular helper cells, regulatory T cells, memory B cells, activated mast cells, and plasma cells.
Conclusion

AQP1 and ZWINT can be regarded as diagnostic markers of EMS and may provide a new direction for the study of EMS pathogenesis in the future.
Description of the IPCC mining process and analysis of the profile of productivity losses applied by a mining company in northern Brazil
Authors:   Jaci Clayton da Conceição Sousa1, Fernandes Rafael da Silva , Luz Rosana Maria do Nascimento , Santos Ivanilson Rosa dos , Silva Beatriz Lorrane Farias da , Neto Iamara dos Santos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

This work presents the description of the IPCC (In-Pit- Crushing and Conveying) mining method and analyze the profile of productivity losses of a mining company in Northern Brazil. A complete description of the IPCC mining and the measurement of the key performance indicators. The description was relevant, as it details this type of Open-Pit mining contributing to the perspective of achieving the annual production goals. Thus, we found that availability represents a greater impact in production, accounting for a total loss of -3,286,656 ton. Hence, it was possible to identify the months on which there were larger losses in ore production. There is a need to investigate the operation performance to improve the PU indicator, which directly impacted the increase in corrective maintenance of the equipment. The dataset was collected from the equipment involved in the mining stage in 2019. The result of this research will help responsible managers implement efforts directed towards the indicator that represents greater loss of productivity. The description of the innovative and operational IPCC method in a single Brazilian mine, which allows greater flow of ore in less time than the conventional method, combines with the identification of months and values of greater productivity losses.
Dynamic Response of Existing R.C. Bridges Against Earthquake Forces
Authors: J Manasa , P KodandaRamarao , Srinivasul A , K Reddy S R 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Performance of bridges against earthquake forces is different from buildings and other kind of structures as bridges are long and narrow, and support fleeting populace on highways or railways. Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 6.0 are capable of damaging or sometimes leading to even collapse of lifeline bridges, resulting in human and socio-economic losses. The extent of earthquake damage depends on the location of bridge close to the nearest seismic zone, structural configuration, ductility demand, age, and characteristics of the soil below foundation. Many failure examples during recent past earthquakes demand the scientific community and civil engineers, the importance of designing bridge structures against seismic forces; particularly when they built on loose soils. Vertical and lateral loads are resisted by the frame action of the superstructure and substructure of the bridge. Abutments and piers or supporting columns resist lateral forces in proportion to their relative stiffness. The vulnerability of any bridge during an earthquake is mainly due to the lateral displacements which cause large shear and flexure in pier or abutment and lead to failure at connections between the pier top and superstructure, or pier bottom and foundation. In the present study, an example of a two-lane and four spanned R.C. T-beam bridge across a canal, located in seismic zone III, is chosen for carrying out dynamic analysis against seismic forces and checked whether the bearing seat width provided at top of abutment and pier is safe or not, against the horizontal displacement of abutment and pier, obtained from the analysis due to seismic forces.
Extreme heat in New Zealand: a synthesis
Authors: Harrington Luke James , Frame Dave 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Extreme heatwaves are among the fastest-changing meteorological hazards in a warming world. While likely also true for New Zealand, significant knowledge gaps exist relating to the current and future risks associated with extreme heat. Using high-quality station observations dating back to at least 1972, this study presents the first detailed synthesis of the severity, frequency and persistence of extreme heat experienced by local communities in New Zealand. Results show the hottest days of the year have warmed by more than 0.5°C over the last twenty years for many populated regions, a rate which exceeds average annual changes across the country. When evaluating the risks associated with unusually extreme events, complex regional differences emerge. While the East Coast of both islands witness higher absolute temperatures during local heatwaves, lower levels of day-to-day temperature variability in the northern half of the North Island will translate to larger risks with further warming over the twenty-first century.
A Quantitative Approach Towards Human-Thermal Vulnerability
Authors: Sen Jayashree , Nag Pranab Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Human vulnerability towards extreme heat exposure has generally been expressed as the cumulative expression of social, demographic, agricultural, environmental factors. Besides this, behavioural and physiological characteristics of individual may be responsible for significant differences in thermal perception and health effects towards extreme heat. The present endeavour is towards the identification and derivation of the quantitative scale of human-thermal vulnerability considering the social, human and thermal indicators. The study illustrates district-wise and village-wise human vulnerability considering different conventional indicators from social and environmental domain along with the factors accountable towards human warmth. The vulnerability was assessed, as representative for the state of Punjab, Haryana and West Bengal of India. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used as means of aggregating diverse indicators and to develop clusters of different variables as the respective principal components. The analysis indicated the utility of the expression of different types of vulnerability and the reasons to consider various indicators and their relative weightages. Accordingly, a quantitative scale of human-thermal vulnerability is arrived at, considering the social, human and thermal indicators.
Estrogen Receptor Variant ER-α36 Facilitates Estrogen Signaling Via EGFR Signaling in Glioblastoma
Authors: Qu Chao , Wang Cui , Li Hongyan , Li Ying , Han Chao , Tao Xiaofeng , Guan Xin , Zhang Yejun , Chen Mengmeng , Liu Jing , Zou Wei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Glioblastoma is a deadly and common primary brain tumor. Poor prognosis is linked to high proliferation and cell heterogeneity. Sex differences may play a role in patient outcome. Previous studies showed that ER-α36, a variant of the estrogen receptor, mediated non-genomic estrogen signaling and is highly expressed in many ER-negative tumors. ER-α36 also associates with the EGFR. We showed that ER-α36 was highly expressed and confirmed that ER-α36 co-labels with EGFR in glioma specimens. We also investigated the mechanisms of estrogen induced proliferation in ER-α-negative cells U87 and U251. We found that glioblastoma cell varying responsive to mitogenic estrogen signaling which correlated with ER-α36 expression, and knockdown of ER-α36 diminished the response. Exposure to estrogen also caused up-regulation of cyclin protein expression in vitro. We also found that low concentrations of estrogen promoted SRC-Y-416 and inhibited SRC-Y-527 phosphorylation, corresponding with activated SRC signaling. Inhibiting SRC or EGFR abolished estrogen-induced mitogenic signaling, including cyclin expression and MAPK phosphorylation. Cumulatively, our results demonstrate that ER-α36 promotes non-genomic estrogen signaling via the EGFR/SRC/MAPK pathway in glioblastoma. This may be important for the treatment of ER-α-negative glioblastomas that retain high level of ER-α36, since estrogen may be a viable therapeutic target for these patients.
Climate Data for Field Trials: Onsite Micro Stations Versus ClimateNA
Authors: Ye Zhengyang , O’Neill Gregory A. , Wang Tongli 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ecological studies in diverse environmental fields require accurate climate data for point locations that are often distant from reliable public weather stations. ‘Onsite’ micro weather stations can be established directly at research locations, but purchase, establishment, and maintenance costs and data gaps can limit their feasibility. Alternatively, climate data for point locations can be predicted from ClimateNA, a publicly available software package, but the prediction accuracy in remote and mountainous locations is uncertain. We compared ClimateNA predictions with observations from onsite weather stations located at 11 interior spruce provenance trials in British Columbia, Canada. We found that ClimateNA predictions were highly accurate for temperature variables (average prediction error 0.77°C; most R2 values > 0.99) but moderate for precipitation variables (average prediction error 27mm; 0.21 < R2 values < 0.58) when compared with onsite weather data. Growth response functions developed with the two data sources showed similar shapes for temperature variables. Our results suggest that 1) temperature variables can be accurately predicted at remote and mountainous locations using ClimateNA; 2) precipitation variables are more accurately predicted with ClimateNA than with onsite weather stations, which were considerably affected by random factors; and 3) response functions provide an effective, independent tool to assess alternative sources of climate data. Our results recommend the use of ClimateNA over onsite weather stations, except where highly accurate precipitation data are required, in which case, high-quality onsite weather stations must be established and carefully maintained.
Effects of adulterated palm cooking oil on the quality of fried chicken nuggets
Authors: Tan Sook Ling , Meriam Suhaimy Syazwan Hanani , Abd Samad Nur Azimah , Hamizi Nor Aliya 
Published: January 2022

Introduction. There is a rising concern over food safety caused by an increasing trend towards adulterating fresh cooking oil with used cooking oil in Malaysia. Recent decades have seen more cases of high-quality edible cooking oil adulteration with reused oil, driven by high market demand and profit margins. In this study, we aimed to analyze the properties of vegetable oils and their effect on the quality of fried chicken nuggets.
Study objects and methods. We determined free fatty acid contents and characterized the properties of fresh palm olein, used cooking oil, and adulterated oil. We also compared the sensory quality attributes of chicken nuggets fried in fresh and adulterated oils.
Results and discussion. The content of free fatty acids consistently increased with rising adulteration levels. The FTIR spectral analyses revealed significant differences between fresh, used, and adulterated oils at 3006, 2922, 2853, 2680, 1744, 1654, 987, 968, and 722 cm–1. The oil samples with high adulterant concentrations demonstrated a linear increasing trend in K232 and K 270 values, where higher absorbance values indicated severe deterioration in the oil quality. The sensory evaluation showed no significant effect (P > 0.05) of adulteration with used cooking oil on the quality of fried chicken nuggets.
Conclusion. Our findings filled in a gap in the previous studies which only focused on the effects of adulteration on the oil properties. The study also provides valuable information to regulatory authorities on the reliability of quality parameters and modern instruments in edible oil adulteration detection.