bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant tryptophan metabolism in stromal cells is associated with mesenteric fibrosis in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
Authors: Blažević Anela , Iyer Anand M , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise F , Hofland Johannes , van Koestveld Peter M , Franssen Gaston J H , Feelders Richard A , Zajec Marina , Luider Theo M , de Herder Wouter W , Hofland Leo J 
Published: March 2022

Background
Increased levels of serotonin secretion are associated with mesenteric fibrosis (MF) in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs). However, the profibrotic potential of serotonin differs between patients, and in this study, we aimed to gain an understanding of the mechanisms underlying this variability. To this end, we analyzed the proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism in SI-NETs.

Methods
Proteomes of tumor and stroma from primary SI-NETs and paired mesenteric metastases of patients with MF (n  = 6) and without MF (n  = 6) were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The differential expression of proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism between patients with and without MF was analyzed. Concurrently, monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) expression was analyzed in the tumor and stromal compartment by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and reported as intensity over area (I/A).

Results
Of the 42 proteins involved in tryptophan metabolism, 20 were detected by LC-MS. Lower abundance of ten proteins was found in mesenteric metastases stroma in patients with MF. No differential expression was found in primary SI-NETs. In patients with MF, IHC showed lower MAO-A expression in the stroma of the primary SI-NETs (median 4.2 I/A vs 6.5 I/A in patients without MF, P = 0.003) and mesenteric metastases (median 2.1 I/A vs 2.8 I/A in patients without MF, P= 0.019).

Conclusion
We found a decreased expression of tryptophan and serotonin-metabolizing enzymes in the stroma in patients with MF, most notably in the mesenteric stroma. This might account for the increased profibrotic potential of serotonin and explain the variability in the development of SI-NET-associated fibrotic complications.
Implementasi Ayat-Ayat Hudud Dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar Sesuai Konteks Negara Indonesia
Authors: Syahputra Satria Tenun 
Published: March 2022

This article discuss about the implementation of Islamic law’s verses in al-Azhar exegesis to Indonesian context, being a largest moslem’s country in the world, Indonesia do not constitute the holy Quran as the primary sources of the country’s law, but rather to constitute UUD 1945 as a primary sources of the law and Pancasila as the country’s constitution, the status of HAMKA as a stateman who have started his career away before the establishment of the country and also as a well-known Islamic scholars, and the author of one of the famous Quranic exegesis in Indonesia Tafsir al-Azhar become the source of the scientific problem, how was the position of HAMKA as an islamic scholars to convey the islamic law firmly and explicitly, in the other hand, he must adjust his exegesis and implement it to Indonesian context which has their own product of law and constitution to demolish criminality, by using qualitative reasearch (Library Research) with the method of analisys-descriptive aproach focused to the al-Azhar exegesis found the efforts of HAMKA to integrate the islamic law with the country’s law and constitution, and is able to be implemented accordingly and simultenously, and also has a similarity, in addition there is also an opportuniy to constitute the islamic law to be the official law of the country by submitting the program to the government, based on the first pillar of Pancasila “ Believe in the One and Only God” which HAMKA stated as the fundamental power of Pancasila.
Analisis Kritis Eksistensi dan Urgensi Asbab An-Nuzul Dalam Penafsiran dan Istinbath Hukum
Authors: Arsal Arsal , Zubir Muhammad 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to reveal the existence and urgency of asbab an-nuzul from the verses of the Qur'an in terms of interpreting and finding the legal content. This research stands by the pros and cons among scholars when addressing the existence of asbab an-nuzul al-Qur'an. The majority of scholar’s opinion said that asbab an-nuzul which based on narration is very important for understanding the content of the verse, but another scholar come with the opposite opinion. There is an opinion says that asbab an-nuzul is not really important and seems it’s like a made up business. This research is critical analysis includes library research. While the method of collecting data analysis technique used is inductive and comparative methods. The results of this study include: 1). The existence and urgency of asbab an-nuzul verses of the Qur'an are basicly important it can help to understand legal verses, but they are still casuistic not generalistic, there is a dictum al-Ibrah bi 'umum lafazh la bi khushushi sabab. 2). The Paradigm of the concept of asbab an-nuzul should be understood as a social setting (muqtadha al-hal) when the verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet SAW, with the term asbab an-nuzul macro, not only based on narration.
Kajian Hermeneutika: (Telaah Konsep Hermeneutika Emansipatoris Hassan Hanafi)
Authors: Kalsum Ummi 
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini akan mencoba menelaah tentang hermeneutika emansipatoris hadis yang di pelopori oleh Hassan Hanafi. Tujuan tulisan ini ingin menyingkap tentang riwayat kehidupan dari Hassan Hanafi dan menelisik hermeneutika emansipatoris hadis yang dilakukan Hasan Hanafi dalam rangka membangun pemahaman masyarakat, akademisi menuju pemahaman yang inovatif, kritis pada pemaknaan maupun pemahaman teks hadis yang bersifat lebih progresif. Terkait dengan metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah metode deskriptif-analisis. Sedangkan pendekatannya adalah pendekatan hermeneutika. Hasil dari tulisan ini bahwa Hassan Hanafi merupakan tokoh pemikir Islam kontemporer Mesir lahir pada 13 Februari 1935. Hermeneutika hadis yang ditawarkan Hanafi dikenal dengan hermeneutika pembebasan (emansipatoris) yang dibagi kepada tiga, yaitu kesadaran historis berfokus kepada pemahaman secara teks apa adanya. Kesadaran eidetis fokus pada pemahaman otensitas kebenaran langkah mufasir dalam segi kebahasaan. Dan kesadaran praksis ini pemahaman dikaitkan dengan realitasyang terjadi ditengah masyarakat atau sesuai dengan kondisi perkembangan zaman. sehingga dari ketiga konsep tersebut maka hermeneutika hadis yang Hanafi lakukan tersebut beranjak dari proses regresif-progresif. Kemudian bagi Hanafi hadis merupakan dasar tasyri’ yang kedua setelah Alquran.
Tawassul Dalam Perspektif Hadis (Kajian Terhadap Hadis Kisah Tiga Pemuda Terperangkap Dalam Goa)
Authors: Nengsih Desri 
Published: March 2022

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas terhadap hadis Kisah Tiga Pemuda yang Terperangkap dalam Goa serta untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang tawassul terhadap Allah yang terdapat dalam teks hadis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode takhrîj al-hadîts. Adapun Pelacakan terhadap hadis terkait dilakukan dengan memakai kitab Mu’jam al-Mufahrasy li Alfâzh an-Hadîts an-Nabawi karangan Wensink. Hadis yang ditemukan dilakukan analisis terhadap kualitas sanad dan matan serta analisis pemahaman hadis. Berdasarkan penelitian, hadis ini ditemukan dalam tiga kitab sumber hadis yang mu’tamad dan mu’tabaroh (standar dan diakui), yaitu Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim dan Musnad ibn Hanbal. Dalam hadis ini ditemukan tiga bentuk tawassul dengan amal sholeh yang dilakukan oleh tiga pemuda yang terperangkap dalam goa.
EDUCACIÓN FÍSICA, FEMINIDADES Y UNIFORMES. EL CASO DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE CULTURA FÍSICA (1929-1946) DE LA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA (ARGENTINA)
Authors: Scharagrodsky Pablo Ariel , Kopelovich Pablo 
Published: March 2022

Indagamos en la construcción de feminidades a partir del uso de uniformes para las clases de Educación Física. Para ello, nos basamos en el caso del Departamento de Cultura Física, institución existente entre 1929 y 1946, de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Nos preguntamos por cómo y por qué los uniformes de Educación Física contribuyeron a generizar y sexualizar los cuerpos de las alumnas. Construimos tres períodos a partir del establecimiento obligatorio de uniformes para mujeres para las clases de Gimnasia: 1929-1934, 1935-1939 y 1940-1946. Ese uso se debió a las decisiones tomadas por las autoridades del Colegio Secundario de Señoritas, que implicaron también distintos modos de entender y enseñar la asignatura. Desde una estrategia metodológica cualitativa, proponemos la interpretación de un caso, abordándolo desde las herramientas provenientes de la una perspectiva crítica de género y de la historia visual. Utilizamos fuentes escritas y visuales, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a exalumnas.
Consideramos que lo acontecido en términos de usos de uniformes, en relación a la construcción de feminidades, involucra dimensiones morales, estéticas, sexuales, materiales, eróticas y kinéticas. Concluimos que lo acontecido con la enseñanza de la Educación Física en el Colegio Secundario de Señoritas, en términos de transmisión de feminidades, y en lo que respecta al uso de uniformes para las clases, da cuenta de una tensión permanente en la sociedad entre igualdad y desigualdad entre las mujeres y los hombres, no tratándose en absoluto de un recorrido lineal que vaya de la desigualdad a la igualdad o a menos desigualdad.
Distribución potencial de árboles de ribera en la subcuenca Bajo Río Grijalva
Authors: Suárez-Mota Mario Ernesto , Hernández Ramírez José Manuel , Luna Bautista Lizbeth , Mendoza Díaz María Magdalena , Santiago-García Wenceslao , Ruiz-Aquino Faustino 
Published: March 2022

Antecedentes: Los modelos de distribución potencial son utilizados para estimar y predecir cambios en la distribución de una especie en respuesta a los diferentes procesos de cambio global, conocer la extensión y distribución de la vegetación es una medida básica que permite conocer el estado ambiental de una cuenca.
Preguntas: ¿cuáles son las variables bioclimáticas que tienen mayor contribución en la distribución de especies de árboles ribereños en una cuenca? ¿Cuál es la similitud ambiental entre especies distribuidas en una cuenca?
Especies de estudio: 17 especies de árboles de ribera.
Sitio y años de estudio: Subcuenca Bajo Río Grijalva, Enero – Diciembre 2020.
Métodos: Los modelos de distribución potencial se obtuvieron para 17 especies arbóreas ribereñas utilizando 19 variables de clima y tres topográficas usando el método de Máxima Entropía. La evaluación de los modelos se hizo con los resultados del análisis del área bajo la curva (AUC).
Resultados: Los modelos tuvieron un valor de AUC > 0.8. Los resultados obtenidos muestran mapas de distribución potencial de las 17 especies, 11 de ellas se distribuyen en la zona con mayor altitud, 13 en la parte media y todas coinciden en la parte con menor altitud del área de estudio. El perfil bioclimático de las especies modeladas indica que la pendiente, orientación y la altitud fueron las variables que determinaron en mayor proporción la distribución de las especies.
Conclusiones: En la similitud de las especies con respecto a las variables ambientales destaca Haematoxylum campechianum al ser la especie con mayor diferencia ambiental.

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Sexual systems of Tropical Dry Forest trees in restored habitats
Authors: Hernández-Galindo María de los Ángeles , Martínez-Garza Cristina , Rosas-Pacheco L. Fernando , Ayestarán-Hernández Luz María 
Published: March 2022

Background: Obligate outcrossing species (such as dioecious species) are more vulnerable to habitat fragmentation than self-compatible hermaphrodite trees.
Questions: What is the effect of restoration intervention in the populations of dioecious, monoecious, and hermaphrodite tree species in permanent agricultural landscapes?
Study site and dates: 8-year-old restoration settings in the seasonally dry tropical forest in Sierra de Huautla Biosphere Reserve, Morelos, Mexico.
Methods: We measure richness and density of dioecious, monoecious, and hermaphrodite tree species with Diameter at Breast Height ≥ 2.5 cm in perturbed, 8-year-old restoration settings (plantings and natural succession) and conserved habitats.
Results: Overall habitats, 2,042 trees from 46 species in 18 families were identified; the highest percentage of species and trees were hermaphrodites (63 % of species and 78 % of trees), the lowest percentage of species were monoecious (9 %) and the lowest percentage of trees (10 %) were dioecious. In the plantings were registered the largest number of species (37 species) and in the conserved habitat the largest number of trees (852 trees). Density and richness of dioecious, monoecious, and hermaphrodite species did not differ by habitat, contrary to our predictions. For dioecious trees, the restored and conserved habitats showed similar composition heterogeneity. Composition of hermaphrodites in agricultural landscapes differed the most with the conserved habitat.
Conclusions: Dioecious and monoecious species are favored in agricultural landscapes due to their use value. Selection of species for restoration plantings should consider sexual systems of trees to recover not only forest structure but also ecosystem function.
Timing of Decremental Response During Repetitive Nerve Stimulation in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Ortiz Guerrero Gloria , Heim Andrew , Pasnoor Mamatha , Herbelin Laura , Jawdat Omar , Glenn Melanie , Statland Jeffrey , Jabari Duaa , Farmakidis Constantine , Barohn Richard 
Published: March 2022

Background: A decrement >10% detected during repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS) is supportive of considering a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG). Several studies have found that most of this decrement is seen between 4 to 6 min post-exercise. However, there are not available studies analyzing if shorter timing would be sufficient.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate if RNS up to 2 min post-exercise is sufficient to detect a decrement response >10%.
Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review study of patients referred to our neuromuscular clinic at The University of Kansas Medical Center with symptoms suggestive of MG from 2013 to 2017.
Results: A total of 76 patients with MG and 100 controls were identified. A significant decrement was detected in 95% of MG patients with abnormal RNS within 2 minutes post-exercise.
Conclusion: RNS up to 2 min post-exercise might be sufficient to detect a significant decrement in MG patients.
Asymmetrical Onset of Leg Amyotrophic Diplegia (LAD): A Case Report
Authors: Khodabandehlou Ramin 
Published: March 2022

Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) comprises approximately 10% of patients with motor neuron disease (MND). Some of the patients presenting initially as PMA will develop when followed over time upper motor neuron findings leading to the diagnosis of ALS. True PMA cases represent a pure lower motor neuron presentation of sporadic motor neuron disease and are in a spectrum with ALS and PLS. While PMA typically affects both the arms and legs, some patients have predominantly upper extremity involvement and others may have selective leg weakness referred to respectively as brachial amyotrophic diplegia (BAD) 1,2 and leg amyotrophic diplegia (LAD).3 These cases of progressive muscle atrophy remain restricted to a body region for extended periods. These are considered slow regional variants of motor neuron disease. LAD is a leg onset variant of progressive muscular atrophy (PMA). LAD weakness is confined to the legs for at least 2 years, and there are no upper motor neuron signs.4A LMN syndrome confined to legs LAD was first described by Pierre Marie and his student Patrikios in 1918 and was known as the pseudopolyneuritic variant of ALS, the Marie-Patrikios form, or the peroneal form of ALS.Here is another case of LAD for the neuromuscular literature.
A Pilot Study to Compare the Standardized Patient's Perception of Empathy Among the American Medical Graduates and International Medical Graduates Applying for Residency Training in the United States
Authors: Kumar Mukaish , Govindarajan Raghav , Huang Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Background:
Empathy is an essential ingredient of patient-centered care. Traditional neurology clerkship does not provide a structured way to teach, evaluate and inculcate the virtue of empathy among our medical students while dealing with various complex neurological conditions. We designed an innovative Objective Structured Clinical Evaluations (O.S.C.E.s) entitled as Empathetic Neurological Care (ENC) O.S.C.E.s as a part of clerkship evaluation to assess empathy among American Medical Graduates (A.M.G.s) and International Medical Graduates (I.M.G.s). We aim to illustrate the model of Empathetic Neurological Care (ENC) O.S.C.E. & to report the comparative analysis of empathy scores among the A.M.G.s and I.M.G.s.
Methods:
This is a pilot study comparing empathy among A.M.G.s and I.M.G.s, measured by the Standardized Patients (SPs) using the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (5-Point Likert Type Scale) during pre-designed ENC-OSCEs. The proposed curriculum included complex neurological cases involving breaking bad news (e.g., delivering the diagnosis of A.L.S.), opioid addiction counseling, disclosing medical error (stroke), and explaining the diagnosis of non-epileptic seizures.
Conclusion: A.M.G.s scored higher empathy as compared to I.M.G.s by the S.P.s during ENC-OSCEs. We highlight the importance of focused empathy training with assessment during neurology clerkship rotations for A.M.G.s & the need of formal curricular training as a part of the orientation program at the beginning of residency training for I.M.G.s.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Secondary to COVID-19: A case report and short review of other published cases
Authors: Kumar Mukaish , Banik Biswajit , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: March 2022

Background:
COVID-19 related Guillain-Barré syndrome has a broad spectrum of presentation. In most reported cases, respiratory symptoms preceded by neurological deficits by one to two weeks, suggesting that the clinical course is mostly post-infectious. In this case report, we present a para-infectious case of GBS with COVID-19.
Case presentation:
A 37-year-old male patient presented with fever, chills, myalgia, cough, and anosmia. COVID-19 test came positive. He was managed conservatively. On the 7th day of follow-up, he recovered except for a persistent loss of smell and taste. Two weeks after his initial presentation, he reported low back pain and bilateral lower extremity weakness and had a repeat COVID-19 test, which returned positive. His history, physical exam, CSF analysis, nerve conduction, and electromyography test revealed Guillain-Barre Syndrome. We managed GBS with supportive treatment in the hospital, and on follow-up of three months, he recovered fully.
Conclusion:
In our case, we report a para-infectious case of GBS with C0VID-19, and we managed this case without intravenous immunoglobulin or plasmapheresis. The decision to treat a COVID-19 related GBS case with a traditional GBS treatment option (intravenous immunoglobulin or plasmapheresis) should be taken in conjunction with co-morbidities and a tailored case of case basis.
Small cell variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: Clinicopathologic, and molecular-genetic analysis of 10 cases.
Authors: Rogala Joanna , Kojima Fumiyoshi , Alaghehbandan Reza , Ptakova Nikola , Bravc Ana , Bulimbasic Stela , Perez Montiel Delia , Slisarenko Maryna , Ali Leila , Kuthi Levente , Pivovarcikova Kristyna , Michalova Kvetoslava , Bartovic Boris , Bartos Vesela Adriena , Dolejsova Olga , Michal Michal , Hes Ondrej 
Published: March 2022

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CHRCC) is known for morphologic variability. Besides classic morphology, several other patterns like pigmented adenomatoid, multicystic, even papillary were documented.
10 cases of CHRCC composed of small cell population in various percentages that were analysed using morphologic parameters, immunohistochemistry and next generation sequencing.
Patients were 5 males and 5 females with 40-78 age range. Size of tumors ranged from 2.2 cm to 11 cm (mean 5.17 cm).
Small cell component comprised 10-80% of total tumor volume, the rest was formed by cells with classic morphology. Immunohistochemical profile followed typical CHRCC immunophenotype with positivity for CD117, CK7 among others. Neuroendocrine markers were negative. Mutations of 13 genes were found: DCIER1, FGFR3, JAK3, SUFO, FAM46C, FANCG, MET, PLCG2, APC, POLE, EPICAM, MUTYH, AR. However, only mutation of PLCG2 is listed as pathogenic.
Recognition of small cell variant of CHRCC is not problematic in tumors, where “classic” CHRCC component is present. In limited material, like core biopsy, recognising this pattern could be troublesome. Very problematic might be in limited material like core biopsy. From our limited data it seems, that small cell morphology has no influence on prognosis.
Executive Function evaluation in children with learning disabilities through a tablet assessment battery
Authors: Pujals María , Fonseca Liliana Estela 
Published: March 2022

Executive functions are a set of psychological processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior: selecting and successfully monitoring behaviors that facilitate the attainment of certain goals. These skills are necessary to guide learning of new information. Core executive function (CEF) are inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility. They regulate and control other skills and behaviors, and also have influence on more basic skills such as attention, memory systems, and praxis. Executive functions allow setting goals and carrying them out through planning and monitoring, keeping inhibited thoughts, behaviors and emotions that interfere.
This research consists of determining neuropsychological EF profiles in different clinical populations evaluated with tablet-based test. Two batteries developed by CEDETI UC were applied: Yellow Red and TENI (Infant Neuropsychological Assessment Test). The sample consists of 175 argentine children, between 7 and 12 years old, divided in two groups, clinical and control. The obtained scores show the importance of distinguishing profiles between these three CEF within the clinical population comparing with a typical developing group. The overall index obtained differentiates the groups best. Children with dyscalculia, autistic spectrum disorder and borderline intellectual disability obtain significantly lower scores having greater difficulties in EF.