bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving water quality, growth performance, and modulating some stress physiological biomarkers in Cyprinus carpio using raw date nuclei as a zinc adsorbent agent
Authors: Gharib Amany A. , Abdel-Hamid Eman A. A. , Mousa Mamdouh A. A. , Naiel Mohammed A. E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdsorption of heavy metals by affordable adsorbents has recently become one of the most often applied method for removing these metals from contaminated water. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using raw date nuclei (RDN) as a natural and inexpensive adsorbent to remove Zn ions from contaminated water and reduce its impact on water quality, Zn bioaccumulation levels in fish organs, growth performance, and some physiological aspects of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) under sublethal concentrations. Five experimental groups were examined for eight weeks; CNT, control group rearing in clean water; RDN0, fish group rearing in Zn-contaminated water; RDN3, fish group rearing in Zn-contaminated water and treated with 3 g RDN/L; RDN4.5, fish group rearing in Zn-contaminated water and treated with 4.5 g RDN/L; RDN6, fish group rearing in Zn-contaminated water and treated with 6 g RDN/L. Water quality measures were monitored in a continuously manner without removing fish excreta or renewing water. The results showed that sublethal concentration of Zn alone significantly elevated the level of antioxidant biomarkers (SOD, superoxide dismutase; GST, glutathione transferases; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; CAT, catalase and MDA, malondialdehyde), significantly declined fish performance, increased Zn-accumulation in fish organs (gills and flesh) and increased the ammonia secretions in fish ponds compared to the control group. Zn concentrations in RDN-containing aquariums were significantly lower than in RDN-free aquariums, and Zn removal from polluted water was dependent on RDN dosage. Consequently, fish performance and serum bio-indicators enhanced in the presence of RDN in a fish group reared under sublethal Zn concentrations. In conclusion, although Zn caused toxicity in C. carpio at sublethal levels, treating Zn-contaminated water with RDN at a dosage of 6 g per liter effectively prevented oxidative stress and the harmful impacts of Zn exposure.
Lignans and sesquiterpenoids from the stems of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculata
Authors: Zhang Shui-Mei , Hu Kun , Li Xiao-Nian , Sun Han-Dong , Puno Pema-Tenzin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA pair of new tetrahydrofuran lignan enantiomers, (±)-schibiculatin A [(±)-1], a new enedione lignan, schibiculatin B (2), two new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids, schibiculatins C (3) and D (4), along with two known seco-cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids (5 and 6) and seven known miscellaneous lignans (7–13) were isolated from the stems of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculata. The structures of 1–4 were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, quantum chemical calculations, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A few isolated compounds were tested for their protective activities against corticosterone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed moderate activities.
Graphical Abstract
The exact solutions of the conformable time fractional version of the generalized Pochhammer–Chree equation
Authors: AL Nuwairan Muneerah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe time-fractional version of the generalized Pochhammer–Chree equation is analyzed. In this paper, the equation is converted into an ordinary differential equation by applying certain real transformation, then the discrimination of polynomials system is used to find exact solutions depending on the fractional order derivative. The obtained solutions are graphically illustrated for different values of the fractional order derivative keeping the other parameters fixed.
Analysis of Rail Passenger Flow in a Rail Station Concourse Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Event-Based Simulation Models and Scenarios
Authors: Lee Jeremy , Marinov Marin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuring COVID-19, certain means were proposed to improve crowd management in the Birmingham New Street railway station. To validate the current system of crowd management in the station, this paper examines the rail passenger flow in the concourse of the Birmingham New Street railway station and the passenger interactions and queueing phenomena associated with it, mainly at the ticket machines, offices and gates, prior to and during the implementation of COVID-19 measures. The passenger behaviour in the concourse of the station was simulated using the SIMUL8 event-based simulation modelling package. Three different scenarios were modelled to analyse the changes and impacts from pre-COVID-19 and within the COVID-19 context. The results revealed that passenger behaviour in railway stations is changing due to COVID-19. Specifically, passengers are more likely to buy tickets using their smartphones or online prior to or whilst entering the station so that they can go through the station concourse with minimal queuing times and avoid contact with a facility of common use at the station, whereas those without tickets are more likely to be in a queue to buy their tickets in the station. For pre-COVID, the results showed that even with a reduced number of ticket machines, overcrowding inside the station was unlikely to occur, as 80% of all passengers in the simulation completed service within a 15-minute time frame. However, during implementation of COVID-19 measures, as the number of passengers using the station dropped significantly and more passengers bought their tickets using their smartphones and/or online, queueing times were also shorter, and thus passengers spent less time in the system. The simulation results were in accordance with the expected practice; hence the effectiveness of the simulation model was verified. Overall, as a result of this study, the following suggestions to improve crowd management in a railway passenger station concourse are proposed: encourage passengers to purchase tickets on their smartphones, remove ticket gates and replace them with sensors, and provide a one-way passenger flow system in the main concourse of the station.
Multiplex graph matching matched filters
Authors: Pantazis Konstantinos , Sussman Daniel L. , Park Youngser , Li Zhirui , Priebe Carey E. , Lyzinski Vince 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of detecting a noisy induced multiplex template network in a larger multiplex background network. Our approach, which extends the graph matching matched filter framework of Sussman et al. (IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 42(11):2887–2900, 2019) to the multiplex setting, utilizes a multiplex analogue of the classical graph matching problem to use the template as a matched filter for efficiently searching the background for candidate template matches. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated both theoretically and empirically, with particular attention paid to the potential benefits of considering multiple channels in the multiplex framework.
Soil Erosion Vulnerability Mapping in Selected Rural Communities of uThukela Catchment, South Africa, Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Ebhuoma Osadolor , Gebreslasie Michael , Ngetar Njoya Silas , Phinzi Kwanele , Bhattacharjee Shwarnali 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSoil erosion remains one of the main causes of land degradation, affecting many countries across the globe including South Africa. In rural communities with much reliance on agriculture, soil erosion is an important threat to food security. Therefore, mapping erosion-prone areas is an essential step towards adopting appropriate erosion mitigation and soil conservation measures. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess and model soil erosion vulnerability based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach in Hoffenthal and KwaMaye communities within the uThukela Catchment, South Africa; and (ii) identify the relevant sustainable interventions and remedial strategies to combat soil erosion in the study area. The AHP was employed to map soil erosion vulnerability and derive the percentage weights of geo-environmental parameters contributing to soil erosion: rainfall, slope, drainage density, soil type, vegetation cover, and land use/land cover. The AHP model showed that slope, vegetation cover, and rainfall had the most considerable influence on soil erosion with factor weights of 29, 23, and 18%, respectively, in the study area. Further, this study revealed that high-risk soil erosion areas occupy 21% of the total study area, while very high-risk areas are about 14%, and the east and central areas are most vulnerable to soil erosion. Validation of the AHP model (overall accuracy = 85%; kappa coefficient = 0.70) results suggests that the predictive capacity of the model was satisfactory. Therefore, the developed soil erosion vulnerability model can serve as an important planning tool to prioritize areas for soil conservation and erosion management approaches like sustainable agriculture and bioengineering interventions.
Nachkontrolle beim kurativ behandelten Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Wetterauer Christian , Seifert Helge , Mortezavi Ashkan 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungProstatakrebs ist in der Schweiz die häufigste Krebserkrankung bei Männern und die zweithäufigste Krebstodesursache. Doch die Heilungschancen sind gut, wenn ein Tumor im Frühstadium erkannt wird.Eine kurative Therapie kann entweder durch die operative Entfernung der Prostata oder durch eine Strahlentherapie erreicht werden. Nach Abschluss der kurativen Behandlung beginnt die wichtige Phase der Nachsorge. Im Vordergrund steht hier das onkologische Ergebnis. Regelmässige PSA-Wert-Kontrollen helfen dabei, ein Rezidiv oder eine Metastasierung des Tumors frühzeitig zu erkennen und behandeln zu können. Von grosser Bedeutung sind auch die funktionellen postoperativen Ergebnisse wie Kontinenz und erektile Funktion sowie die Behandlung von physischen und psychischen Begleit- und Folgeerkrankungen, die nach einer Operation oder Bestrahlung auftreten können.Nur durch eine gezielte und regelmässige Nachsorge kann eine ganzheitlich optimale onkologische, funktionelle und psychologische Betreuung der Patienten gewährleistet werden.
Multiband superconductivity in SrFe2−xNixAs2
Authors: Usoltsev A. S. , Sadakov A. V. , Sobolevskiy O. A. , Vlasenko V. A. , Pervakov K. S. , Polianskaya E. A. , Maltsev E. I. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we present a detailed study of the upper critical field and the energy gap structure of SrFe2−xNixAs2 single crystals with different nickel doping levels. Superconducting transitions were measured resistively in longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields up to 16T. The anisotropy of the upper critical field Hc2||ab/Hc2||c decreases monotonically to 1.4 with decreasing temperature for all measured samples. The WHH model was not able to fit measured Hc2(T) temperature dependences well, but the effective two-band model is in good agreement with the data and anisotropy behavior. Values and temperature dependences of superconducting gaps were determined directly by multiple Andreev reflection spectroscopy on symmetrical SnS junctions. Andreev reflections study revealed two superconducting gaps; our data are in line with the experimental results on most iron-based superconductors.

Article highlights
We obtained values and temperature dependencies of two distinct energy gaps in SrFe2−xNixAs2 (Sr-122) superconductor. This is important addition to multiband superconductivity studies in Sr-122 system. Upper critical field temperature dependencies in H||c and H||ab orientations are analyzed in terms of two band model.
Electrospun nanofibrous membrane for biomedical application
Authors: Yan Bomin , Zhang Yiwen , Li Zhixiang , Zhou Pinghui , Mao Yingji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Electrospinning is a simple, cost-effective, flexible, and feasible continuous micro-nano polymer fiber preparation technology that has attracted extensive scientific and industrial interest over the past few decades, owing to its versatility and ability to manufacture highly tunable nanofiber networks. Nanofiber membrane materials prepared using electrospinning have excellent properties suitable for biomedical applications, such as a high specific surface area, strong plasticity, and the ability to manipulate their nanofiber components to obtain the desired properties and functions. With the increasing popularity of nanomaterials in this century, electrospun nanofiber membranes are gradually becoming widely used in various medical fields. Here, the research progress of electrospun nanofiber membrane materials is reviewed, including the basic electrospinning process and the development of the materials as well as their biomedical applications. The main purpose of this review is to discuss the latest research progress on electrospun nanofiber membrane materials and the various new electrospinning technologies that have emerged in recent years for various applications in the medical field. The application of electrospun nanofiber membrane materials in recent years in tissue engineering, wound dressing, cancer diagnosis and treatment, medical protective equipment, and other fields is the main topic of discussion in this review. Finally, the development of electrospun nanofiber membrane materials in the biomedical field is systematically summarized and prospects are discussed. In general, electrospinning has profound prospects in biomedical applications, as it is a practical and flexible technology used for the fabrication of microfibers and nanofibers.
Wartime Civilian Mobilization: Demographic Profile, Motivations, and Pathways to Volunteer Engagement Amidst the Donbas War in Ukraine
Authors: Stepaniuk Nataliia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article examines civilian mobilization amidst the Donbas war, Ukraine. It focuses on ordinary residents of the frontline regions who voluntarily got together to address the humanitarian and military consequences of war in the environment of lacking state support. It explores the micro-level dynamics of mobilization, particularly the demographic profile of civilian volunteers, their motivations to join, and pathways to engagement. In so doing, it provides an account of how ordinary residents of seemingly passive regions – Southern and Eastern Ukraine – become active in times of crisis. Contrary to the mainstream accounts that credit civilian mobilization to the rise of patriotism in wartime, it demonstrates that local security concerns and affective reactions to the heightened precarity of others are crucial factors that propel collective action at the rear. In the case of Ukraine, the efficiency of wartime mobilization was increased through the structures that emerged during the proceeding Maidan protests, as well as preexisting private and entrepreneurial networks. By employing ethnographic tools of inquiry, the article interrogates the mobilizing potential of seemingly latent communities in times of crisis and contributes to the literature on wartime collective action at the rear.
Thefhdpolarised imaging pipeline: A new approach to widefield interferometric polarimetry
Authors: Byrne Ruby L. , Morales Miguel F. , Hazelton Bryna , Sullivan Ian , Barry Nichole 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe describe a new polarised imaging pipeline implemented in thefhdsoftware package. The pipeline is based on the optimal mapmaking imaging approach and performs horizon-to-horizon image reconstruction in all polarisation modes. We discuss the formalism behind the pipeline’s polarised analysis, describing equivalent representations of the polarised beam response, or Jones matrix. We show that, for arrays where antennas have uniform polarisation alignments, defining a non-orthogonal instrumental polarisation basis enables accurate and efficient image reconstruction. Finally, we present a new calibration approach that leverages widefield effects to perform fully polarised calibration. This analysis pipeline underlies the analysis of Murchison Widefield Array data in Byrne et al. (2022, MNRAS, 510, 2011).
What can the implicit social cognition literature teach us about implicit social cognition?
Authors: Kurdi Benedek , Dunham Yarrow 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe highlight several sets of findings from the past decade elucidating the relationship between implicit social cognition and real-world inequality: Studies focusing on practical ramifications of implicit social cognition in applied contexts, the relationship between implicit social cognition and consequential real-world outcomes at the level of individuals and geographic units, and convergence between individual-level and corpus-based measures of implicit bias.
Fighting over who dictates the nature of prejudice
Authors: Hodson Gordon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA growing trend, reflected in the target article, effectively shifts control of prejudice operationalization to align with right-leaning priorities (and away from disadvantaged groups' voices and social justice). The article would only be compelling if experiments misaligned with real-world findings, if experimenters ignored nuances and moderators, and if the call to consider the social context included the macro-level societal context.
Centering the relationship between structural racism and individual bias
Authors: Fuentes Agustín , Ralph Laurence , Roberts Dorothy E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCesario misrepresents or ignores data on real-world racist and sexist patterns and processes in an attempt to discredit the assumptions of implicit bias experimentation. His position stands in stark contradiction to substantive research across the social sciences recognizing the widespread, systematic, and structuring processes of racism and sexism. We argue for centering the relationship between structural racism and individual bias.
The importance of ecological validity, ultimate causation, and natural categories
Authors: Salmon Catherine A. , Hehman Jessica A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe target article raises important questions about the applicability of experimental social psychology research on topics with policy implications. This commentary focuses on the importance of attending to a variety of factors to improve ecological validity as well as considering the ultimate factors shaping behavior and the role of natural categories in the stability of stereotypes and their influence.
Beyond stereotypes: Prejudice as an important missing force explaining group disparities
Authors: Essien Iniobong , Stelter Marleen , Rohmann Anette , Degner Juliane 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe comment on Cesario's assertion that social psychological intergroup research focuses solely on stereotypes, neglecting actual differences between groups to explain group disparities. This reasoning, however, misses yet another explaining force: In addition to stereotypes, ample laboratory and field research documents relationships between group disparities, discrimination, and prejudice, which cannot be explained by people's accurate judgments of real-world group differences.
Missing context from experimental studies amplifies, rather than negates, racial bias in the real world
Authors: Jasperse Leland , Stillerman Benjamin S. , Amodio David M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe agree with Cesario's premise but reject his conclusion: Although experimental studies of racial stereotyping, weapons perception, and shoot decisions typically exclude real-world contextual factors and thus have limited relevance to race disparities (e.g., in policing), these excluded factors comprise systemic, institutional, and individual-level biases that are more likely to amplify racial disparities than negate them.
Experimental studies of bias: Imperfect but neither useless nor unique
Authors: Burt Callie H. , Boutwell Brian B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCesario provides a compelling critique of the use of experimental social psychology to explain real-world group disparities. We concur with his targeted critique and extend “the problem of missing information” to another common measures of bias. We disagree with Cesario's broader argument that the entire enterprise be abandoned, suggesting instead targeted utilization. Finally, we question whether the critique is appropriately directed at experimental social psychologists.
Role of systemic immune-inflammatory index in early diagnosis of sepsis in newborns with CHD
Authors: Aydogan Seda , Dilli Dilek , Soysal Caganay , Akduman Hasan , Örün Utku Arman , Taşar Mehmet , Taşoglu Irfan , Zenciroglu Ayşegül 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjective:Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are the most common causes of birth defects that have increased the risk of infections. Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening condition and early diagnosis can be life-saving. We aimed to evaluate the potential role of the systemic immune-inflammatory index in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 166 newborns with a diagnosis of neonatal sepsis who were admitted to our hospital with CHD between January 2017 and June 2021. Haematological indices including neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and systemic immune-inflammatory index were calculated for all patients at the time of diagnosis of neonatal sepsis (sepsis). The sepsis values of these indices were compared with the admission values (pre-sepsis) of the patients.Results:The mean gestational age and birth weight of the patients were 38.36 ± 1.42 weeks and 3057.75 ± 484.68 g. It was found that absolute neutrophil count, systemic immune-inflammatory index, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, but not platelet/lymphocyte ratio were significantly increased at the time of sepsis. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that systemic immune-inflammatory index, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and absolute neutrophil count have predictive ability to define neonatal sepsis among newborns with CHD. The systemic immune-inflammatory index produced an area under the curve receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.76 (70% sensitivity, 70.5% specificity). To discriminate neonatal sepsis, the cut-off values of systemic immune-inflammatory index, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and absolute neutrophil count were 517.19, 2.62, and 9210/mm3, respectively.Conclusion:As an easily accessible and reliable indicator, systemic immune-inflammatory index may be used in combination with the other parameters in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Implications of present-biased preferences on inheritance taxes
Authors: Bishnu Monisankar , Kumru Cagri S. , Nakornthab Arm 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe model an economy where present biased preferences affect the bequest leaving decisions. Using Bequest in the Utility (BIU) setup, we show that the optimal inheritance tax rate under present bias can be derived in terms of estimable sufficient statistics. This optimal tax rate decreases with the level of temptation and a subsidy can be optimal at some level of bequests received. We then use the Barro-Becker Dynastic (BBD) setup to derive the expression for the optimal inheritance tax rates. We observe that if the agents internalize the taxes on the amount of bequest that they leave (sensitive generations), present bias and optimal tax rates are negatively related as in BIU, that is, providing an incentive by extending subsidies or lowering taxes is recommended to subside the effects of temptation. However, if agents ignore the taxes to be paid by their descendants on the inheritance left (ignorant generations), optimal tax rates increase with the level of present bias. This is because the present bias reduces the tax base and the rationale of providing incentives does not work anymore. Our calibration exercise supports all these theoretical findings.