bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐performance computing of 3D blasting wave propagation in underground rock cavern by using 4D‐LSM on TianHe‐3 prototype E class supercomputer
Authors: Fu Meng , Zhao Gaofeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParallel computing assigns the computing model to different processors on different devices and implements it simultaneously. Accordingly, it has broad applications in the numerical simulation of geotechnical engineering and underground engineering, of which models are always large‐scale. With parallel computing, the computing time or the memory requirements will be reduced by splitting the original domain of the numerical model into many subdomains, which is thus named as the domain decomposition method. In this study, a cubic and equal volume domain decomposition strategy was utilized to realize the parallel computing on the distributed memory system of four‐dimensional lattice spring model (4D‐LSM) based on the message passing interface. With a more efficient communication strategy introduced, this study aimed at operating an one‐billion‐particle model on a supercomputer platform. The preprocessing procedure of the parallelized 4D‐LSM was restructured and the particle generation strategy suitable for the supercomputer platform was employed to minimize the time consumption in preprocessing and calculation. On this basis, numerical calculations were performed on TianHe‐3 prototype E class supercomputer at the National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin. Two field‐scale three‐dimensional blasting wave propagation models were carried out, of which the numerical results verify the computing power and the advantage of the parallelized 4D‐LSM in the simulation of large‐scale three‐dimension models. Subsequently, the time complexity and spatial complexity of 4D‐LSM and other particle discrete element methods were analyzed.
Ultra‐Fast Continuous‐Flow Photo‐Thiol‐Ene Functionalization of Conformation‐Controlled Cinchona Alkaloids
Authors: Konan Kouakou Eric , Abollé Abollé , Felpin François‐Xavier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, we describe ultra‐fast continuous flow photo‐thiol‐ene reactions on cinchona alkaloids derivatives through a control of the reactive conformation in solution. Flow thiol‐ene reactions proceed at 32 °C under light irradiation at 365 nm and require only 2.5 minutes of residence time to reach completion. The short path length of the tubular flow photochemical reactor, which maximizes and homogenizes the photon flux, associated to the fine tuning of the reactive conformation of cinchona alkaloids in solution are the main reasons for the high rates observed. The predominant conformation in solution of cinchona alkaloids was adjusted through the substitution of the hydroxyl group at C9 by a phenyl carbamate function.
Subjective selection and the evolution of complex culture
Authors: Singh Manvir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhy is culture the way it is? Here I argue that a major force shaping culture issubjective (cultural) selection, or the selective retention of cultural variants that people subjectively perceive as satisfying their goals. I show that people evaluate behaviors and beliefs according to how useful they are, especially for achieving goals. As they adopt and pass on those variants that seem best, they iteratively craft culture into increasingly effective‐seeming forms. I argue that this process drives the development of many cumulatively complex cultural products, including effective technology, magic and ritual, aesthetic traditions, and institutions. I show that it can explain cultural dependencies, such as how certain beliefs create corresponding new practices, and I outline how it interacts with other cultural evolutionary processes. Cultural practices everywhere, from spears to shamanism, develop because people subjectively evaluate them to be effective means of satisfying regular goals.
A correction for Reynolds‐averaged‐Navier–Stokes turbulence model under the effect of shock waves in hypersonic flows
Authors: Tian Yuyan , Gao Zhenxun , Jiang Chongwen , Lee Chun‐Hian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStudies on the unphysical increase of turbulent quantities for RANS simulation induced by shock waves in hypersonic flows are carried out. Numerical experiments on the hypersonic flow over a blunt body reveal that the phenomenon of unphysical increase of turbulent quantities across the detached shock wave is induced by the strain‐rate‐based production terms of the k‐ and k‐ SST turbulence models, which leads to the over‐prediction of aerothermal prediction. While this phenomenon does not occur for Spalart–Allmaras (S–A) turbulence model because of its vorticity‐based production term. In order to eliminate this unphysical phenomenon, and to maintain the accuracy of the original models for boundary layer and separation flows, a new correction method for the k‐ and k‐ SST models is proposed: by comparing the orders of magnitude between the strain‐rate‐based and vorticity‐based production terms, the vorticity‐based production term is used near the shock waves, while the original strain‐rate‐based production term is still used in other regions. Finally, the correction method is applied to turbulence and transition flows over blunt bodies, and the numerical results show that the correction method effectively eliminates the unphysical increase of turbulent quantities across shock waves and improves the accuracy of aerothermal and transition onset location prediction.
Mineralogical origin of the chromatic contrast enhancing the Mount Bego petroglyphs (Alpes‐Maritimes, France)
Authors: Berthonneau Jeremie , Vallet Jean‐Marc , Bromblet Philippe , Martin François , Grauby Olivier 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe conservation of archaeological heritage such as open‐air petroglyphs is a major challenge due to the vulnerability of surfaces exposed to local environmental conditions. A precise knowledge of their nature therefore constitutes the cornerstone of their preservation. The surfaces of the valleys of the Mount Bego are characterized by a chromatic contrast between the thin red layer covering the outcrops and the underlying greenish substrate, revealed by thousands of prehistoric petroglyphs. To establish the mineralogical nature of the red layer, a spectroscopic, crystallographic, and petrographic study was carried out. Collectively, the results of this study evidence that, unlike rock coatings, this layer formed through the mobilization of structural iron, in the form of Fe (hydr)oxides, from the clay minerals that constitute the rocks. We thus discuss how the succession of events along the geological history of the site has created the environmental conditions for its formation. This study eventually provides useful data on the actual state of the petroglyphs toward their preservation. In a more global context, the conclusions of this study bring insights into the physicochemical mechanism leading to the reddening of recently exposed glacial valleys.
Evolution of fluvial landscapes since the late Pleistocene at the Wangchenggang site of the Ying River Basin, Central China: Implications for the development and change of prehistoric settlements
Authors: Liao Yinan , Lu Peng , Mo Duowen , Li Ye , Xu Junjie , Cao Yanpeng , Ma Long , Xin Yingjun , Chen Panpan , Wang Xia , Zhao Chengshuangping , Zhan Peng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractReconstructing the evolution of fluvial landscapes is vital to our understanding of how and why early settlements used or abandoned locations in dynamic alluvial settings, especially places such as China's Central Plains where alluvial landforms have dominated since at least the late Pleistocene era. The Wangchenggang (WCG) site on the upper reaches of the Ying River is considered to be the legendary capital of the Great Yu who, according to historical documents, heroically tamed the big floods and founded the first dynasty of Xia. However, evolution of the alluvial landscape of the Holocene Ying River and its influence on the long‐term settlement change at the WCG site remains unclear. We present a detailed reconstruction of long‐term landscape evolution and settlement change at the site, based on the results of our geoarchaeological investigation, and published paleoclimate and archaeobotanical data. The results show that the region experienced an episode of extensive alluvial accretion in the late Pleistocene. From the end of the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene, the Ying River began to incise the alluvial plain, leading to the formation of the oldest terrace (T3). The middle and late Holocene in the Ying River valleys saw two episodes of alluvial aggradation between 7.7–5.4 ka B.P. (before present) and 4.5–3.8 ka B.P., respectively. Each of these events was followed by an alluvial incision, resulting in the formation of new alluvial terraces. During the historical periods, the youngest terrace T1 was formed. These cyclic changes in the regional fluvial landscape profoundly impacted the location and expansion of prehistoric settlements. During the Peiligang period (9.0–7.0 ka B.P.), the early stages of alluvial aggregation resulted in wide and shallow channels along the rivers. Early humans who relied on gathering and hunting for food chose to establish small settlements along such riverine environments. As alluvial aggradation continued in the Yangshao period (7.0–5.0 ka B.P.), they moved to a higher place, away from the rivers in the southwest, and flourished on high alluvial grounds. When a secondary terrace formed after the Longshan period (5.0–4.0 ka B.P.), people moved eastward again to build an early city on the T2 terraces and T3 terraces of the Ying River. When the water levels rose toward the terrace surfaces, they began to build moats and practiced mixed millet–rice farming. During the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770–4256 B.C.), when the river started to down cut on a large scale, humans responded by building settlements on the lower and flat plains in the east.
Health reform in China: Developments and future prospects
Authors: Qian Jiwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn 2009, China initiated a new round of health reform to establish a well‐functioning health system. The 2009 health reform did make some significant achievements in improving affordability and accessibility. In particular, social health insurance has been expanded significantly and various social health insurance plans have covered over 95% of total population in China by 2011. The Chinese government also has significantly increased fiscal input for health financing. However, affordability remains a serious concern as the social health insurers, as purchasers, were not very effective in containing the growth of health expenditure. Accessibility to primary care and public health is another concern. In this context, health governance reforms are necessary to address affordability and accessibility issues. Health governance set rules for key actors of the health system (including service providers, health insurers and government departments) by taking into account the strategies and incentives of these actors in their interactions. In recent years, a series of reforms in health governance have been initiated. Some progresses have been achieved. For the next stage of health reform, issues including how to further reform the governance structure of medical institutions and how to improve resource allocation in the health system are critical.
Approach to the patient with decompensated cirrhosis and aortic stenosis during liver transplantation evaluation
Authors: Duong Nikki , Nguyen Veronica , De Marchi Lorenzo , Thomas Arul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular disease and is reported to be present in 2%–7% of people over the age of 65. Risk factors for aortic stenosis and NASH overlap; thus, as the population ages, there is an increased likelihood that patients undergoing liver transplantation evaluation may have severe aortic stenosis. There is a high mortality rate associated with cardiac surgeries in patients with cirrhosis. Further, there are no guidelines that assist in the decision making process for patients with cirrhosis and AS. In this review, we highlight key studies that compare transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with cirrhosis. We propose an algorithm as to how to approach the patient with aortic stenosis and considerations unique to patients with cirrhosis (i.e., anticoagulation, EGD for variceal assessment; need to determine timing after TAVI before listing).
Magnetic dipole effects on non‐Newtonian ferrofluid over a stretching sheet
Authors: Zeb Hussan , Wahab Hafiz A. , Khan Umar , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the characteristics of heat transfer in non‐Newtonian ferrofluids produced by stretchable sheet. Further, we investigated in this study the effects of Arrhenius activation energy and magnetic dipole. We use in this study, a similarity ansatz to simplify the governing system into a nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations system. We determined the computational solution of the resulting ordinary differential system by applying method with Runge–Kutta method. The influence of beneficial physical parameters on momentum, energy, and concentration profile are shown through graphs. The major finding of this study, the variation of velocity field is reduces for the higher values of , , and . The temperature field increases for higher values of , and reduce for . Further, we conclude in this study the arising or reducing in the concentration, temperature, and velocity field for various physical parameters. The impacts of physical quantities namely skin fraction, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are examined through numerically via tables.
Understanding the role of initial soil moisture and precipitation magnitude in flood forecast using a hydrometeorological modelling system
Authors: Yin Dongxiao , Xue Z. George , Bao Daoyang , RafieeiNasab Arezoo , Huang Yongjie , Morales Mirce , Warner John C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe adapted the WRF‐Hydro modelling system to Hurricane Florence (2018) and performed a series of diagnostic experiments to assess the influence of initial soil moisture and precipitation magnitude on flood simulation over the Cape Fear River basin in the United States. Model results suggest that: (1) The modulation effect of initial soil moisture on the flood peak is non‐linear and weakens as precipitation magnitude increases. There is a threshold value of the soil saturation, below and above which the sensitivity of flood peak to the soil moisture differentiates substantially; (2) For model spin‐up, streamflow needs longer time to reach the ‘practical’ equilibrium (10%) than the soil moisture and latent heat flux. The model uncertainty from spin‐up can propagate through the hydrometeorological modelling chain and get amplified into the flood peak; (3) For ensemble flood modelling with a hydrometeorological system, modelling uncertainty is dominated by the precipitation forecast. Spin‐up induced uncertainty can be minimized once the model reaches the ‘practical’ equilibrium.
Microbially inoculated chars strongly reduce the mobility of alachlor and pentachlorobenzene in an alluvial sediment
Authors: Jevrosimov Irina , Kragulj Isakovski Marijana , Apostolovi Tamara , Tamindžija Dragana , Ronevi Srđan , Sigmund Gabriel , Ercegovi Marija , Maleti Snežana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the transport behavior of two organic and persistent contaminants (alachlor and pentachlorobenzene) on Danube alluvial sediment in the absence and in the presence of microbially inoculated biochar produced at 400 °C and three hydrochars produced at 180, 200, and 220 °C. Stainless steel columns were used for the sorption experiments in nonequilibrium conditions. Obtained results were modeled using the advective-dispersive equation under nonequilibrium conditions. Transport of these compounds through the alluvial sediment column showed that the retention time increased with increasing molecular hydrophobicity. Inoculated biochar increases the retardation of both compounds: twofold for pentachlorobenzene compared with alachlor as a consequence of a higher hydrophobicity. Obtained results indicate that the highest biodegradation coefficient was observed for pentachlorobenzene (λ = 10) in alluvial sediment with addition of an inoculated hydrochar, which is assumed to be a consequence of biosorption. Moreover, all experiments on the columns indicate that the addition of inoculated chars yields a significantly higher Rd coefficient for pentachlorobenzene than for alachlor. Bacterial counts increased in all of the column experiments, which indicates the successful adaptation of microorganisms to experimental conditions and their potential for the removal of a large number of organic pollutants. Thus, addition of inoculated chars to contaminated sediments has the potential as a remediation technique to inhibit the leaching of pollutants to groundwaters. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:933–942. © 2022 SETAC
Mucosal Interleukin‐10 depletion in steroid‐refractory Crohn's disease patients
Authors: Carrasco Anna , Tristán Eva , Fernández‐Bañares Fernando , Martín‐Cardona Albert , Aceituno Montserrat , Zabana Yamile , Fluvià Lourdes , Hernández José María , Lorén Violeta , Manyé Josep , Salas Antonio , Andújar Xavier , Loras Carme , Esteve Maria 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies suggested that Interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) depletion in Crohn's disease (CD) could predict outcome. Aim: To determine IL‐10 in blood and at different intestinal locations in patients with active CD and to assess its potential prognostic capacity to identify aggressive CD.MethodsTwenty‐three patients with CD were included. Ulcerative colitis (UC), infectious colitis and healthy individuals acted as controls. Serum and mucosal samples were taken at baseline and 1 month after steroid initiation in CD patients. Patients were classified according to steroid response. Control samples were obtained from different intestinal locations. IL‐10 expression was measured with real‐time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence (intestine) and ELISA (serum, biopsy cultures' supernatants and tissue homogenates).ResultsCD and UC showed an increase in IL‐10 messenger RNA (mRNA) versus controls (p < .0001) in mucosa, whereas IL‐10 protein secretion was increased in all types of intestinal inflammation (p < .001). No differences in IL‐10 mRNA were found in CD at baseline regarding steroid response, but levels decreased in non‐responders versus responders (p = .027) and were restored with rescue therapy. Serum IL‐10 was increased in steroid‐refractory CD at baseline and after treatment.ConclusionsAbnormal IL‐10 levels in refractory patients in both mucosa and blood have physiopathological relevance and may have potential clinical applications.
Gut microbiota‐stem cell niche crosstalk: A new territory for maintaining intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Ma Ning , Chen Xiyue , Johnston Lee J. , Ma Xi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntestinal epithelium undergoes rapid cellular turnover, relying on the local niche, to support intestinal stem cells (ISCs) function and self‐renewal. Research into the association between ISCs and disease continues to expand at a rapid rate. However, the detailed interaction of ISCs and gut microbes remains to be elucidated. Thus, this review witnessed major advances in the crosstalk between ISCs and gut microbes, delivering key insights into (1) construction of ISC niche and molecular mechanism of how to jointly govern epithelial homeostasis and protect against intestinal diseases with the participation of Wnt, bone morphogenetic protein, and Notch; (2) differentiation fate of ISCs affect the gut microbiota. Meanwhile, the presence of intestinal microbes also regulates ISC function; (3) microbiota regulation on ISCs by Wnt and Notch signals through pattern recognition receptors; (4) how do specific microbiota‐related postbiotics influence ISCs to maintain intestinal epithelial regeneration and homeostasis that provide insights into a promising alternative therapeutic method for intestinal diseases. Considering the detailed interaction is still unclear, it is necessary to further explore the regulatory role of gut microbiota on ISCs to utilize microbes to alleviate gut disorders. Furthermore, these major advances collectively drive us ever closer to breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment by microbial transplantation in the clinic.
The lack of dynamic competition and the market insufficiency for agricultural productivity growth: Implications for the role of the state
Authors: Moon Wanki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper shows that there is lack of dynamic competition in agriculture, making the market mechanism of agriculture insufficient for bringing about technological innovations. The market insufficiency differs from market failures in that the former causes dynamic inefficiency and lack of growth while the latter causing static inefficiency in resource allocation at a point in time. As a result, farm firms represent a special type of business organizations lacking dynamic competition. This paper proposes and evaluates hypotheses about the shifting roles of the state and agro‐input supply sector in bringing about agricultural productivity growth across countries at different development stages.
The role of phenothiazine derivatives in autophagy regulation: A systematic review
Authors: Otręba Michał , Stojko Jerzy , Rzepecka‐Stojko Anna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this review, we summarized the current literature on the impact of phenothiazine derivatives on autophagy in vitro. Phenothiazines are antipsychotic drugs used in the treatment of schizophrenia, which is related to altered neurotransmission and dysregulation of neuronal autophagy. Thus, phenothiazine derivatives can impact autophagy. We identified 35 papers, where the use of the phenothiazines in the in vitro autophagy assays on normal and cancer cell lines, Caenorhabditis elegans, and zebrafish were discussed. Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, mepazine, methotrimeprazine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, thioridazine, trifluoperazine, and novel derivatives can modulate autophagy. Stimulation of autophagy by phenothiazines may be either mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)‐dependent or mTOR‐independent. The final effect depends on the used concentration as well as the cell line. A further investigation of the mechanisms of autophagy regulation by phenothiazine derivatives is required to understand the biological actions and to increase the therapeutic potential of this class of drugs.