bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photopolymerized Features via Beam Pen Lithography as a Novel Tool for the Generation of Large Area Protein Micropatterns
Authors: Zhang Xinpeng , Ding Shaowei , Magoline Jared , Ivankin Andrey , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA cantilever‐free scanning probe lithography (CF‐SPL)‐based method for the rapid polymerization of nanoscale features on a surface via crosslinking and thiol‐acrylate photoreactions is described, wherein the nanoscale position, height, and diameter of each feature can be finely and independently tuned. With precise spatiotemporal control over the illumination pattern, beam pen lithography (BPL) allows for the photo‐crosslinking of polymers into ultrahigh resolution features over centimeter‐scale areas using massively parallel >160 000 pen arrays of individually addressable pens that guide and focus light onto the surface with sub‐diffraction resolution. The photoinduced crosslinking reaction of the ink material, which is composed of photoinitiator, diphenyl(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, and thiol‐modified functional binding molecules (i.e., thiol‐PEG‐biotin or 16‐mercaptohexanoic acid), proceeds to ≈80% conversion with UV exposure (72 mW cm−2) for short time periods (0.5 s). Such polymer patterns are further reacted with proteins (streptavidin and fibronectin) to yield protein arrays with feature arrangements at high resolution and densities controlled by local UV exposure. This platform, which combines polymer photochemistry and massive arrays of scanning probes, constitutes a new approach to making biomolecular microarrays in a high‐throughput and high‐yielding manner, opening new routes for biochip synthesis, bioscreening, and cell biology research.
Sacrificial W Facilitates Self‐Reconstruction with Abundant Active Sites for Water Oxidation
Authors: Fan Ke , Zou Haiyuan , Ding Yunxuan , Dharanipragada N. V. R. Aditya , Fan Lizhou , Inge A. Ken , Duan Lele , Zhang Biaobiao , Sun Licheng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWater oxidation is an important reaction for multiple renewable energy conversion and storage‐related devices and technologies. High‐performance and stable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are urgently required. Bimetallic (oxy)hydroxides have been widely used in alkaline OER as electrocatalysts, but their activity is still not satisfactory due to insufficient active sites. In this research, A unique and efficient approach of sacrificial W to prepare CoFe (oxy)hydroxides with abundant active species for OER is presented. Multiple ex situ and operando/in situ characterizations have validated the self‐reconstruction of the as‐prepared CoFeW sulfides to CoFe (oxy)hydroxides in alkaline OER with synchronous W etching. Experiments and theoretical calculations show that the sacrificial W in this process induces metal cation vacancies, which facilitates the in situ transformation of the intermediate metal hydroxide to CoFe‐OOH with more high‐valence Co(III), thus creating abundant active species for OER. The Co(III)‐rich environment endows the in situ formed CoFe oxyhydroxide with high catalytic activity for OER on a simple flat glassy carbon electrode, outperforming those not treated by the sacrificial W procedure. This research demonstrates the influence of etching W on the electrocatalytic performance, and provides a low‐cost means to improve the active sites of the in situ self‐reconstructed bimetallic oxyhydroxides for OER.
Programmable DNA Hydrogels as Artificial Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Wei Yuhan , Wang Kaizhe , Luo Shihua , Li Fan , Zuo Xiaolei , Fan Chunhai , Li Qian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe cell microenvironment plays a crucial role in regulating cell behavior and fate in physiological and pathological processes. As the fundamental component of the cell microenvironment, extracellular matrix (ECM) typically possesses complex ordered structures and provides essential physical and chemical cues to the cells. Hydrogels have attracted much attention in recapitulating the ECM. Compared to natural and synthetic polymer hydrogels, DNA hydrogels have unique programmable capability, which endows the material precise structural customization and tunable properties. This review focuses on recent advances in programmable DNA hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrix, particularly the pure DNA hydrogels. It introduces the classification, design, and assembly of DNA hydrogels, and then summarizes the state‐of‐the‐art achievements in cell encapsulation, cell culture, and tissue engineering with DNA hydrogels. Ultimately, the challenges and prospects for cellular applications of DNA hydrogels are delivered.
SABDM: A self‐attention based bidirectional‐RNN deep model for requirements classification
Authors: Kaur Kamaljit , Kaur Parminder 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe success of software depends upon functional and non‐functional requirements as both requirements are equally important in software development. However, the requirements engineering community still lacks in comprehensive understanding of functional and non‐functional requirements. In addition, the requirements in software documents are expressed in natural language and also intertwined with each other. Requirements classification is a crucial task that correctly extracts functional and non‐functional requirements and organizes them in specified categories. Automated classification of software requirements leads to reduced ambiguity, misunderstanding, and development cost. Most of the recent studies have used machine learning and deep learning techniques for automatic classification of requirements. However, there is one drawback of such techniques, that is, poor generalization. To address these problems, this research work proposes self‐attention based bidirectional LSTM deep model. This automated approach has used recurrent neural network, which handle long sequential natural language requirements statements and classify them into five classes such as capability, maintainability, performance, security, and usability. The proposed approach train and evaluate over pre‐labeled dataset comprised of 34 industrial requirements specifications and PROMISE dataset. Over this dataset, the proposed approach yields 95% of precision, 96% of recall, 96% of F‐measure, and 96% of accuracy. The proposed approach can be applied to wide variety of datasets with different domain. Furthermore, this paper applies pre‐processing techniques to improve the performance of the requirements classification model. The results of the proposed model are compared with existing baseline state‐of‐art techniques, and it is shown that the proposed model outperforms the baseline models in requirements classification.
Investigating the Effect of Selected Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diode Treatments on the Inactivation of B. subtilis, the Pasting Properties and the Surface Morphology of Tapioca Starch
Authors: Hinds Laura M. , Tiwari Brijesh K. , O'Donnell Colm P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study investigates various ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV LED) treatments on the microbial load, pasting profile, and surface morphology of tapioca starch. Tapioca starch samples are subjected to various UV LED treatments employing different wavelengths (280, 300, and 365 nm) and treatment durations (5, 10, and 20 min). For microbiological analysis tapioca starch samples are inoculated with Bacillus subtilis and subjected to treatment. Furthermore, food quality parameters are also investigated by assessing the impact of all UV LED treatments on the pasting profile using rapid visco analysis and the surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy. Significant reductions are achieved for UV LED treatments after 20 min with 300 and 365 nm showing reductions to 4.03 ± 1.55 log10 and 6.52 ± 0.31 log10 cfu g–1, respectively, from 7.53 ± 0.11 log10 cfu g–1. For food quality assessments, no significant changes in pasting properties or surface morphology are observed for any treatment investigated. This study highlights the potential of this technology as a decontamination tool in the food industry.
Morphological, Thermal, and Rheological Properties of Starch from Brown Rice and Germinated Brown Rice from Different Cultivars
Authors: Pal Priyanka , Kaur Parmeet , Singh Narpinder , Kaur Amritpal , Inouchi Naoyoshi , Kubota Yuka 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMorphological, thermal, functional, pasting, and rheological properties of starch from BR (Brown rice) and GBR (Germinated brown rice) (PB1, PS44, PB1509, PB1121, PS5) are investigated. Scanning electron microscopy shows the presence of rougher and slightly eroded pits starch granules after germination. Starch from both the BR and GBR has the highest proportion of granules of 5–10 µm size and the lowest of 20–60 µm size. Starch from GBR shows lower gelatinization temperatures and enthalpy of gelatinization. GBR starch has a higher amount of long side chains and lower short side chains of amylopectin as compared to BR starch. Starches from BR show higher moduli as compared to their counterpart starches from GBR. GBR starch from different rice cultivars shows different amylopectin molecular structures, crystallinity, and thermal properties than BR starch. The lower paste viscosities and transition temperatures of GBR starch make it more suitable for the formulation of food products where a higher amount of starch is required without a rise in viscosity.
Clinical outcomes of thyroid tumours with concurrent epithelial and mesenchymal components in 14 dogs (2006–2020)
Authors: Cook Matthew R. , Gasparini Molly , Cianciolo Rachel E. , Brown Megan E. , Moore Antony S. , Curran Kaitlin M. , Maxwell Elizabeth A. , Gasson Shelby , Wustefeld‐Janssenss Brandan G. , Veluvolu Sridhar M. , Keepman Samuel , Wouda Raelene , Griffin Lynn R. , Selmic Laura E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile rare, multiple individual case reports have described mixed thyroid tumours in dogs containing both epithelial and mesenchymal neoplastic components.ObjectivesIn this retrospective case series, we describe the clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of 14 dogs of canine thyroid tumours with concurrent mesenchymal and epithelial neoplastic populations.MethodsFourteen cases were retrospectively abstracted from nine institutions. Histopathologic samples and reports were collected from 10/14 dogs and reviewed by a single board‐certified anatomic pathologist.ResultsAll 14 dogs had curative‐intent surgery to remove the thyroid neoplasm. The most common surgery performed was a unilateral thyroidectomy (10/14 dogs). Postoperatively, systemic therapy was administered in eight dogs. Six dogs developed local recurrence with a median time to loco‐regional recurrence of 53 days. Ten dogs developed metastatic disease with the most common metastatic site being the lungs (6/10 dogs), with a median time to metastasis of 93 days. Ten dogs were euthanised due to locoregional or distant progression of their mixed thyroid neoplasm. The overall median survival time was 156 days (95%CI: 49–244). The median survival time for dogs treated with adjuvant therapy was 189 days (95%CI: 24–244), whereas dogs without adjuvant therapy had a median survival time of 156 days (95%CI: 35‐upper limit could not be calculated; p = 0.62).ConclusionThe thyroid tumours with both mesenchymal and epithelial components in this small sample set were associated with a poor prognosis after surgical excision with or without adjunctive therapy.
A novel coal gangue thermal stabilizer and its effect on thermal stability and mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)
Authors: Xu Fuqin , He Xiaofang , Hou Zhaoyang , Yang Xiaoyong , Cao Xinxin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNontoxic and efficient coal gangue thermal stabilizer (Y‐CG) was prepared by cheap and readily available calcium oxide, coal gangue (CG) and stearic acid(SA). The proposed mechanism of Y‐CG thermal stability was studied by XRD, FT‐IR, BET and thermal stability test. The results show that when the mass ratio of CG to water was 1:7, the loading of Ca(OH)2 between CG sheets reached the maximum value of 3.01 mmol/g. The hydrophobic property of the Y‐CG surface was better when modified at 75°C for 2 h with 5% SA. With 10% Y‐CG, the Congo red test showed thermal stabilization time of PVC improved up to 55.9 min and the torque rheological test showed dynamic thermal stabilization time of PVC improved up to 62.10 min. The TG curves show that Y‐CG had little effect on the onset degradation temperature of PVC. Still, Y‐CG can absorb HCl and initiate the carbonization of PVC to inhibit degradation. Compared with the commonly used thermal stabilizers, the thermal stability of Y‐CG was only slightly worse than that of hydrotalcite thermal stabilizers. The early reaction was that the strong base Ca(OH)2 in Y‐CG adsorbs HCl, and the CaCl2 was stably loaded in the CG layered structure, which avoided the adverse effects caused by strongly alkaline. The late reaction was that SA and Ca(OH)2 form weakly alkaline calcium stearate to absorb HCl. At the same time, calcium stearate can also be used as a compatibilizer to improve the compatibility between Y‐CG and PVC.
Leptomeningeal anastomoses: Mechanisms of pial collateral remodeling in ischemic stroke
Authors: Kaloss Alexandra M. , Theus Michelle H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArterial collateralization, as determined by leptomeningeal anastomoses or pial collateral vessels, is a well‐established vital player in cerebral blood flow restoration and neurological recovery from ischemic stroke. A secondary network of cerebral collateral circulation apart from the Circle of Willis, exist as remnants of arteriole development that connect the distal arteries in the pia mater. Recent interest lies in understanding the cellular and molecular adaptations that control the growth and remodeling, or arteriogenesis, of these pre‐existing collateral vessels. New findings from both animal models and human studies of ischemic stroke suggest a multi‐factorial and complex, temporospatial interplay of endothelium, immune and vessel‐associated cell interactions may work in concert to facilitate or thwart arteriogenesis. These valuable reports may provide critical insight into potential predictors of the pial collateral response in patients with large vessel occlusion and may aid in therapeutics to enhance collateral function and improve recovery from stroke.This article is categorized under:
Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
On the generalized Clausen problem
Authors: Atanackovic Teodor M. , Kacapor Enes , Dolicanin Cemal 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe analyze the classical problem of finding the shape of the column that optimizes certain criteria. The new formulation proposed here may be stated as: given the critical buckling load F of the column and the length L, find cross‐sectional area A, such that the volume W of the column attains minimal value. This is a classical Clausen problem. However, in this work we shall use the generalized constitutive equations of the column that allows for shear deformation and axis compressibility. This, as well as the novel use of the first integral, are the main novelties of our work. We will formulate a nonlinear boundary value problem for post critical deformation of optimally shaped rod. Finally we show that optimally shaped rod exhibits pitchfork supercritical bifurcation at critical buckling load.
Electroweak bubble wall expansion: gravitational waves and baryogenesis in Standard Model-like thermal plasma
Authors: Lewicki Marek , Merchand Marco , Zych Mateusz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComputing the properties of the bubble wall of a cosmological first order phase transition at electroweak scale is of paramount importance for the correct prediction of the baryon asymmetry of the universe and the spectrum of gravitational waves. By means of the semiclassical formalism we calculate the velocity and thickness of the wall using as theoretical framework the scalar singlet extension of the SM with a parity symmetry and the SM effective field theory supplemented by a dimension six operator. We use these solutions to carefully predict the baryon asymmetry and the gravitational wave signals. The singlet scenario can easily accommodate the observed asymmetry but these solutions do not lead to observable effects at future gravity wave experiments. In contrast the effective field theory fails at explaining the baryon abundance due to the strict constraints from electric dipole moment experiments, however, the strongest solutions we found fall within the sensitivity of the LISA experiment. We provide a simple analytical approximation for the wall velocity which only requires calculation of the strength and temperature of the transition and works reasonably well in all models tested. We find that generically the weak transitions where the fluid approximation can be used to calculate the wall velocity and verify baryogenesis produce signals too weak to be observed in future gravitational wave experiments. Thus, we infer that GW signals produced by simple SM extensions visible in future experiments are likely to only result from strong transitions described by detonations with highly relativistic wall velocities.
Relativistic hydrodynamics with the parity anomaly
Authors: Poovuttikul Napat 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe consider the hydrodynamic regime of a 2+1 dimensions QFT with the parity anomaly. Beyond the known constraints from positivity of entropy production, we show that the anomaly inflow mechanism, from a corresponding bulk SPT phase, together with thermodynamic consistency of equilibrium partition functions, restricts the form of non-dissipative transport coefficients. This included the known form of quantised Hall conductivity, which is fixed to beσxy=e2/2h, along with new constraints on other three non-dissipative parity-odd transport coefficients.
Prätherapeutische Dysphagie bei Kopf-Hals-Tumor-Patienten
Authors: Lehner Uta , Zaretsky Eugen , Goeze Almut , Wermter Laura , Stuck Boris A. , Birk Richard , Neff Andreas , Fischer Ingo , Ghanaati Shahram , Sader Robert , Hey Christiane 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Sowohl der Schluck- als auch der Ernährungsstatus bei Kopf-Hals-Tumor(KHT)-Patienten nach einer onkologischen Therapie sind gut untersucht. Prätherapeutisch werden sie aber selten thematisiert, obwohl diese den Erfolg einer onkologischen Therapie nachhaltig beeinflussen können.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die systematische Erfassung des Schluck- und Nutritionsstatus von KHT-Patienten vor Beginn einer onkologischen Therapie.

Material und Methoden
Bei 102 Patienten wurden zur objektiven Erfassung des Schluckvermögens endoskopisch die Penetration/Aspiration via PA-Skala (PAS), die Oralisierungseinschränkung (Functional Oral Intake Scale, FOIS) und die Versorgungsrelevanz (VRS) erhoben. Die subjektive Einschätzung des Schluckvermögens erfolgte via Fragebogen gEAT-10 („German EAT-10“), die orientierende Erfassung des Nutritionsstatus via Body-Mass-Index (BMI). Schluckvermögen und BMI wurden uni- und multivariat auf mögliche Einflussfaktoren geprüft.

Ergebnisse
Auffällige PAS-, FOIS- und VRS-Werte wurden bei ≤ 15 % der Patienten festgestellt. Der BMI war häufiger zu hoch als zu niedrig. Das objektiv erfasste Schluckvermögen war v. a. vom Tumorstadium abhängig und korrelierte mittelstark mit gEAT-10. Der gEAT-10-Gesamtscore war auffällig. Der Nutritionsstatus war von Patientengeschlecht und VRS abhängig.

Schlussfolgerung
Prätherapeutisch zeigte sich bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten keine Dysphagie oder Malnutrition. Ein auffälliges Schluckvermögen war mit höheren Tumorstadien assoziiert, eine Malnutrition mit weiblichem Geschlecht und Versorgungsrelevanz. Nichtsdestotrotz sollte hinsichtlich moderner onkologischer Therapie der Schluck- und Nutritionsstatus bei KHT-Patienten bereits prätherapeutisch systematisch erfasst werden, um ein optimales Patienten-Outcome zu erzielen.
Novel diagnostic model for bone metastases in renal cell carcinoma patients based on bone scintigraphy analyzed by computer-aided diagnosis software and bone turnover markers
Authors: Ujike Takeshi , Uemura Motohide , Kato Taigo , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Nagahara Akira , Fujita Kazutoshi , Imamura Ryoichi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) systems for bone scans have been introduced as clinical quality assurance tools, but few studies have reported on its utility for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic validity of the CAD system for bone scans and to construct a novel diagnostic system for bone metastases in RCC patients.

Methods
We evaluated bone scan images of 300 RCC patients. Artificial neural network (ANN) values, which represent the probability of abnormality, were calculated by BONENAVI, the CAD software for bone scans. By analyzing ANN values, we assessed the diagnostic validity of BONENAVI. Next, we selected 108 patients who underwent measurements of bone turnover markers and assessed the combined diagnostic validity of BONENAVI and bone turnover markers.

Results
Forty-three out of 300 RCC patients had bone metastases. The AUC of ANN values was 0.764 and the optimum sensitivity and specificity were 83.7 and 62.7%. By logistic analysis of 108 cases, we found that ICTP, a bone resorption marker, could be a diagnostic marker. The AUC of ICTP was 0.776 and the optimum sensitivity and specificity were 57.1 and 86.8%. Subsequently, we developed a novel diagnostic model based on ANN values and ICTP. Using this model, the AUC was 0.849 and the optimum sensitivity and specificity were 76.2 and 80.7%.

Conclusion
By combining the high sensitivity provided by BONENAVI and the high specificity provided by ICTP, we constructed a novel, high-accuracy diagnostic model for bone metastases in RCC patients.
Patterns of symbolic numerical magnitude processing and working memory as predictors of early mathematics performance
Authors: Mononen Riikka , Niemivirta Markku 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although the roles of symbolic numerical magnitude processing (SNMP) and working memory (WM) in mathematics performance are well acknowledged, studies examining their joint effects are few. Here, we investigated the profiles of SNMP (1- and 2-digit comparison) and WM (verbal, visual and central executive) among Norwegian first graders (N = 256), and how these predict performance in counting, arithmetic facts and word problem–solving. Using latent class cluster analysis, four groups were identified: (1) weak SNMP (33.6%), (2) strong SNMP (25.8%), (3) weak SNMP and WM (23.4%) and (4) strong WM (17.2%). Group differences in mathematics performance were significant with explained variance ranging from 7 to 16%, even after controlling for relevant demographics and domain-general cognitive skills. Our findings suggest that children may display relative strengths in SNMP and WM, and that they both have a unique, even compensatory role in mathematics performance.