bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Height Measurement and Ultrasound Assessment of Subglottic Region for the Estimation of Appropriate Endotracheal Tube Size in Pediatric Population
Authors: AlHumaid Salwa AlRashed , AlSaab Fahad , Arafat Abdullah , ALMajed Abdullah , AlZughaibi Nezar , Koumi Adnan , Hdaki Marwan , ALMutairi Mohammed , ALHoraim Homod 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Choosing the appropriate endotracheal tube (ETT) size in pediatric patients is crucial to guarantee well ventilation and reliable end-tidal gas monitoring. Different methods have been established for choosing appropriate ETT size with varied validities depending on the demographics of the patients.

Objectives:
The primary objective is to investigate a relationship between the height of the patient and the appropriate ETT size and form a predictive formula.

Design:
A prospective, observational study was conducted between November 2019 and March 2020 in a pediatric hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Setting:
Patients below 14 years of age admitted for elective day surgery with American Society of Anesthesiologist Class 1 or 2 were invited to participate. Patients with anticipated difficult airway or neck mass or those refused to enroll were excluded.

Methods:
After obtaining institutional review board approval, informed consents were taken from all patients' guardians. Collected data were gathered in excel sheet.

Main Outcome Measures:
Demographic and clinical data were collected. The subglottic area was measured before induction of anesthesia by bedside ultrasound machine. No formulas were used for ETT size used.

Sample Size:
71 children were included in the study.

Results:
The ETT based on the height of the patient was estimated using the formula below as “estimated ETT size if other formula used:” {INSIDE:1] estimated based on height. Pearson's correlation results revealed a positive association between the ETT used and ETT estimated. The relationship between variables is insignificant, with a P > 0.05. There was an overestimation in both the ETT used and ETT estimated in the stepwise regression analysis. About 88.5% overestimate the ETT used based on age, and about 89.7% overestimate the ETT based on patient height. The F-value change statistics indicates a statistical significance of ETT used and ETT estimated.

Conclusion:
It is crucial to have an accurate ETT tube size used in children. The height of the child was found to have good correlation with ETT size in our Saudi population.

Limitation:
Part of the limitations faced was the fact that it was a single-center study which may not represent the population from other areas.
PENGARUH EMPLOYEE RELATION TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA JIMMY BUTCHER URBAN STORE
Authors: Irmayanti Ni Wayan Dian , Widiana I Nyoman Wahyu , Wulandari Luh Putu Angelita 
Published: September 2022

Kinerja sebagai hasil kerja secara kualitas dan kuantitas yang dapat dicapai oleh seseorang karyawan dalam melaksanakan tugas sesuai dengan tanggung jawab yang diberikan kepadanya. Salah satu faktor yang mampu mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan adalah employee relation. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan Jimmy Butcher Urban Store , yaitu 30 orang karyawan. Dikarenakan jumlah populasi kurang dari 30 orang, maka teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh yaitu dengan menggunakan seluruh jumlah populasi sebagai sampel penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa employee relation berpengaruh positif terhadap kineja karyawan. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa peningkatan pada employee relation akan diikuti oleh meningkatknya kinerja karyawan.
Toward a Self-Supervised Architecture for Semen Quality Prediction Using Environmental and Lifestyle Factors
Authors: Nsugbe Ejay 
Published: September 2022

Male fertility has been seen to be declining, prompting for more effective and accessible means of its assessment. Artificial intelligence methods have been effective toward predicting semen quality through a questionnaire-based information source comprising a selection of factors from the medical literature which have been seen to influence semen quality. Prior work has seen the application of supervised learning toward the prediction of semen quality, but since supervised learning hinges on the provision of data class labels it can be said to depend on an external intelligence intervention, which can translate toward further costs and resources in practical settings. In contrast, unsupervised learning methods partition data into clusters and groups based on an objective function and do not rely on the provision of class labels and can allow for a fully automated flow of a prediction platform. In this paper, we apply three unsupervised learning models with different model architectures, namely Gaussian mixture model (GMM), K-means, and spectral clustering (SC), alongside low dimensional embedding methods which include sparse autoencoder (SAE), principal component analysis (PCA), and robust PCA. The best results were obtained with a combination of the SAE and the SC algorithm, which was likely due to its nonspecific and arbitrary cluster shape assumption. Further work would now involve the exploration of similar unsupervised learning algorithms with a similar framework to the SC to investigate the extent to which various clusters can be learned with maximal accuracy.

Received: 8 July 2022 | Revised: 20 September 2022 | Accepted: 22 September 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
Liquid-liquid extraction of zirconium(IV) from sulphuric acid medium using a binary mixture of tri-n-octylamine and Cyanex923 in kerosene
Authors: Sahoo Amit , Swain Jaykishon , Bhatta Bhikari Charana 
Published: September 2022

The extraction behaviour of zirconium(IV) from sulfuric acid medium has been studied with a binary mixture of tri-n-octyl amine (TOA) and Cyanex923 (a mixture of four trialkyl phosphine oxides) in kerosene using a novel liquid-liquid extraction method. Quantitative extraction of zirconium(IV) with binary mixture of Cyanex923 and TOA in kerosene was studied by changing different parameters such as acid variation, extractant variation, effect of chloride ion concentration, effect of temperature, metal concentration variation, diluent effect, and pH effect. The percentage of extraction of zirconium(IV) decreased when the concentration of Cyanex923 and TOA increased. The percentage of zirconium(IV) was observed as 97.56% in a binary mixture of 0.007 M Cyanex923 and 0.06 M TOA. Kerosene was found to be an effective diluent for the extraction of zirconium(IV) with 97.56% extraction using a binary mixture of Cyanex923 and TOA. In addition, the stripping of the zirconium(IV) metal ion in the organic phase was also examined.
SALA DE INFORMÁTICA COMO FERRAMENTA DE APRENDIZAGEM NAS ESCOLAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVO GAMA
Authors: Gomes Zenaide Maria de Sousa , Sacramento Mercia Helena 
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo busca descobrir como são usadas as ferramentas digitais no processo de ensino aprendizagem, nas salas de aula no Município de Novo Gama. Este tema foi analisado nos contextos das escolas pesquisadas no ensino público daquele município, para apontar quais são as maiores dificuldades no ensino de informática nesse ambiente escolar, incluindo os pontos abordados pelo MEC no que diz respeito aos processos de inclusão digital. Foram elaboradas pesquisas para demonstrar a realidade dos processos do ensino da educação pública atual. Em moldes simples é preciso fazer pesquisas com escolas pré-estabelecidas, no município do Novo Gama de Goiás, descobrindo o que está envolto na realidade das escolas que possuem ou não possuem a inclusão digital, elaborando um questionário a ser respondido pela pessoa responsável no momento da implantação do mesmo, e com que levante dado que respondam toda a problemática que está aí.
Artikel Analisis Intensitas Radiasi Matahari Dan Peningkatan Suhu Lingkungan
Authors: Deqita Almiraj 
Published: September 2022

Survey intensitas radiasi matahari dan suhu lingkungan di Desa sempusari Kecamatan yang berjudul Analisis Intensitas Radiasi Matahari Dan Peningkatan Suhu Lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah intensitas radiasi matahari mempengaruhi peningkatan suhu pada lingkungan. Sehingga perlu diadakannya survey untuk mengetahui permasalahan tersebut. Pada survey yang dilakukan ini yaitu dengan membahas serta meneliti intensitas radiasi matahari dan peningkatan suhu lingkungannya di desa sempusari kecamatan kaliwates yang dilakukan pada tanggal 15 – 17 mei 2022 yaitu pada hari minggu hingga hari selasa. Selain meneliti tetapi juga mengamati hubungan antara intensitas radiasi matahari dengan suhu lingkungannya. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode survey dengan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi BMKG. Penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi BMKG agar hasil intensitas radiasi matahari dan suhu lingkungan diukur dengan akurat. Setelah melalukan survey dengan menggunakan alat bantu aplikasi BMKG, maka dapat diperoleh hasil dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Berdasarkan survey penelitian intensitas radiasi matahari mempengaruhi peningkatan suhu. Berdasarkan pengukuran, suhu lingkungan mengalami peningkatan paling
banyak pada saat jam 13.00 WIB, dimana pada jam tersebut intensitas radiasi matahari semakin tinggi. Sehingga pada saat intensitas matahari semakin besar maka suhu lingkungan juga akan semakin meningkat.
Parameter Identification of Chaboche Model for Aluminum Alloy Sheets Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm
Authors: Pham Quoc Tuan , Nguyen Duc-Toan 
Published: September 2022

Springback prediction is one of the most challenging in finite element analysis for sheet metal forming processes. The demand requests the development of a kinematic hardening model and parameter identification. This study presents a schematic strategy to identify parameters of Chaboche’s kinematic hardening model based on a differential evolution optimization method. To this goal, several tension-compression (TC) tests were conducted to observe the Bauchinger’s effects and kinematic hardening behaviors of two aluminum alloy sheets: AA6022-T6 and AA7075-T76. A Python code is developed to apply the proposed method in identifying parameters of the kinematic hardening model. The calibrated material models were implemented in Abaqus software to simulate V-bending and U-bending tests for the investigated materials. The predictions for springback amount match well with the experimental measurements, which verifies the effectiveness of the presented identificationstrategy.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Polyploidization and speciation: patterns of natural hybridization and gene flow in basil (Ocimum spp.)
Authors: MATTHEW Joshua O. , OZIEGBE Matthew , Azeez Sekinat Okikiola , AJOSE Titilayo E. , OKOYO Mercy E. 
Published: September 2022

The genus Ocimum maintains rich diversity of species through natural and artificial outcrossing. Africa is named as one of the epicentres of plant diversity including numerous Ocimum species. Cytological evidence has attributed such diversity to extensive genome augmentation through selection, speciation, polyploidy and hybridization. This study identified polyploidy as the major natural phenomenon that drives successful hybridization programs or otherwise, within and among four Ocimum species studied and showed rate of gene exchange among the concerned species. All Ocimum species and variants used were grown for two generations before hybridization experiments were carried out. Interspecific and intraspecific reciprocal crossing was done. The crossed flowers were monitored for flower abortion and fruit formation. The resulting progenies from successful crosses were raised along with their parents and evaluated for all identifiable agronomic character differences and similarities. All viable seeds resulted from crosses involving at least one polyploid parent (tetraploids O. basilicum, O. canum and O. americanum). The intra- and interspecific hybridization programs recorded success within O. basilicum and between O. basilicum and tetraploid O. canum. Hybridization within O. canum was difficult due to differences in ploidy levels of O. canum parents used. Hybrid progenies obtained within O. basilicum parents (b1 and b2) and between b2 and tetraploid O. canum possessed morphological characters related to b2 parent while offspring from crosses between b1 and c1 combined characters from both parents. Pollen fertility in both O. basilicum and O. canum parents and their reciprocal crosses was more than 50 percent. O. basilicum displayed higher gene exchange capacity than other species. O. kilimandscharicum and O. americanum parents exhibited allopatric behaviour and low crossability with other seemingly sympatric species used in the study. Genome imbalance and incompatibility were associated with some of the possible causes of sterility.
Peran Guru dalam Kepemimpinan berdasarkan perspektif 1 Timotius 4:12 sebagai upaya meningkatkan Spiritualitas Nara Didik
Authors: Supriyadi Daniel , Mardiharto Mardiharto 
Published: September 2022

Abstract: A Christian educator not only equips students to have good cognitive skills but also has good character and ethics and moral values. That is the aim of the research in this article. Because the number of delinquency and problems in students is an important indicator of the teacher's role in leadership so that they can seek to increase the spirituality of students. In this research, the writer applies descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach and a hermeneutical approach, namely examining texts related to the leadership of Christian educators so that a conclusion can be drawn that a Christian educator in his leadership task must be based on God's word. Able to be a role model for students both through speech, behavior, love, loyalty, chastity. So that students are able to become individuals who have the character of Christ and are able to live the values ​​and norms that apply in the community. So that his life can be a blessing to those around him. Abstrak: Seorang pendidik Kristen bukan hanya memperlengkapi nara didik memiliki kognitif yang baik akan tetapi juga memiliki karakter serta etika dan nilai moral yang baik. Hal itu menjadi tujuan dalam penelitian artikel ini. Sebab banyaknya kenakalan dan persoalan pada nara didik menjadi indikator penting peran guru dalam kepemimpinan supaya dapat mengupayakan peningkatan kerohanian nara didik. Dalam penelitain ini penulis menerapkan metode kualitatif deskritif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka dan pendekatan hermeneutik, yaitu meneliti teks-teks yang berkaitan dengan kepemimpinan pendidik Kristen sehingga dapat ditarik sebuah kesimpulkan bahwa seorang pendidik Kristen dalam tugas kepemimpinannya harus berlandaskan pada firman Tuhan. Mampu menjadi sosok teladan bagi nara didik baik melalui ucapan, tingkah laku, Kasih, Kesetiaan, Kesucian. Sehingga nara didik mampu menjadi pribadi yang mempunyai karakter Kristus serta mampu menghidupi nilai-nilai serta norma yang berlaku dalam lingkungan masyarakat. Sehingga hidupnya dapat menjadi berkat bagi orang-orang di sekitanya.
Research on Housing Price in Boston
Authors: Ma Zhiheng , Wang Tan , Zhang YuBo 
Published: September 2022

In the United States, due to the characteristics of sparsely populated areas, its housing prices are not quite the same as those in China. At the same time, due to factors such as the freedom of firearms in the United States, many people consider more factors in purchasing houses, resulting in great differences in housing prices in the United States. The housing price problem has also become a major concern.
This paper first analyzes fourteen variables, respectively, thirteen independent variables were analyzed to find the relationship between independent variables and housing prices, establish regression model analysis, and then through the frequency histogram to find the relationship between independent variables and frequency, through the relationship between frequency and housing prices to illustrate the relationship between independent variables and housing prices. By analyzing the correlation to find out the relationship between the variables and housing prices.
Through the statistical description and analysis model of data, we can establish the normal distribution relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, and approximate the normal distribution parameters through the average and variance of independent variables. The relationship between each independent variable and dependent variable is fitted, and the influence of each variable on housing prices is finally obtained.
Influence of mine water on corrosion of Long-Distance coal pipeline transportation in hongliulin coal mine
Authors: Zhang Qingbo , Yan Jiandang , Wang Pengfei , Du Jiajia 
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the economic efficiency of coal transportation in Shenwei pipeline and reduce the investment cost. According to the location characteristics of Shenmu head end pulping plant, it is convenient to take hongliulin mine water, and it can be considered as the second water source. This paper mainly compares the changes of water quality indexes before and after Fugu water and hongliulin mine water are used as coal handling water, and analyzes the influencing factors of corrosion and scaling tendency, so as to provide theoretical guidance and suggestions for the later optimization of coal handling water. The analysis shows that the water quality of Fugu water and hongliulin mine is weakly alkaline, and the ion content before and after pulping is relatively low, which has little impact on the corrosion. However, several key factors such as conductivity and Cl- content should be considered when studying the corrosion of the pipeline during long-term operation.
Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Rub-Impact of Progressive Cavity Pump with Rotation Speed
Authors: Wei Yufen , Han Guoyou , Yang Lingyi , Zu Haiying 
Published: September 2022

The dynamic characteristics of Progressive Cavity Pump (PCP) have an important influence on the stability of oil wells string system. A nonlinear dynamics model of rotor system was presented. The equations of unbalance rotor were established by the Lagrange approach and the vibration characteristics of the rotor system under rub-impact was analyzed by used the modern nonlinear dynamics and bifurcation theories, through numerical calculation. The bifurcation diagrams, time domain charts and Poincaré maps were obtained to analyze dynamic characteristics of the system and the results reveal the multiform complex nonlinear dynamic behavior of the rotor-bearing system under rub-impact. Moreover, the influence of the speed on the relatively stable speed of the rotor system was analyzed. These analysis results provide theoretical bases for the rotor system's status recognition, diagnosis as well as safe and economic operation.
Construction and application of standard nursing procedures for treating infection after spinal internal fixation by pulse combined with closed negative pressure
Authors: Jiao Gengjun , He Yunfei , Zhang Hua 
Published: September 2022

Application of standardized nursing procedures in pulse combined with closed negative pressure therapy for patients with infection after spinal internal fixation, discuss its scientificity and operability. From July 2018 to December 2021, 54 patients with postoperative infection after spinal internal fixation were treated with pulse combined with vacuum sealing in our department. 42 patients in usual care were used as the control group, Among them, 12 patients in the observation group were nursed using standardized operating procedures, the VAS scores of the two groups were compared at 6h, 12h and 24h after operation,Patient and family satisfaction and quality of care. After application of standardized nursing procedures, the VAS scores of the patients decreased significantly at 6h, 12h and 24h after operation; hospital days, days of antibiotic used, the incidence of ineffective negative pressure was significantly reduced; the satisfaction of patients and their families was significantly improved. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Implementing standardized nursing procedures can significantly reduce the incidence of ineffective negative pressure, reduce postoperative VAS score of patients, shorten the days of hospitalization and antibiotic use, improve patient and doctor satisfaction. At the same time, it can provide homogenization guidance for clinical nursing practice.
Effect of heat treatment process on impact toughness of a Ni-containing stainless steel 3Cr13 Precision Die
Authors: Isayeva Anastasiia , Feng Lulu , Luo Hui , Liu Song , Huang Riqing , Huang Xuezhong , Wu Kaiming 
Published: September 2022

Nowadays 3Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is increasingly used for precision molds. However, its low-temperature impact toughness below room temperature requires further improvement. This study investigates the effect of heat treatment process of a Ni-containing at low temperature impact toughness of 3Cr13 stainless steel used for precision die. Various characterization techniques are combined in order to unveil different heat treatment processes on impact toughness. The test results show that after three different heat treatment processes, the low-temperature impact toughness of the investigated steel at 0 ℃ has been greatly improved. After the investigated steel is heated at 1040 ℃ for 15 minutes, then water-cooled quenched, and then heated to 540 ℃ for 30 minutes, the impact fracture is a dimple shaped plastic one, and its low-temperature impact absorbed energy is higher than that of other heat treatment processes. It shows that the holding time under quenching heating temperature and tempering temperature also have important effects on the improvement of low-temperature impact toughness, which provides technical support for heat treatment design for the Ni-alloyed 3Cr13martensitic stainless steel.
Afectación de las condiciones socio ambientales en la ciudad de Jipijapa a consecuencia del mal manejo de los residuos sólidos.
Authors: Morán Plua José Miguel , Naranjo López Carlos Geovanny 
Published: September 2022

El objetivo general de la presente investigación, consiste en determinar la afectación de las condiciones socio ambientales de la ciudad de Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí, a consecuencia del mal manejo de los residuos sólidos, por cuanto no se dio la debida capacitación, a los funcionarios encargados de su manejo. Para ello se identificaron los agentes de contaminación de desechos, demostrando las consecuencias que origina el mal manejo de los residuos sólidos en esta ciudad, y por último se propuso como alternativa clasificar los residuos tanto orgánicos y reciclables en la ciudad de Jipijapa. La metodología estuvo centrada en el análisis de las entrevistas y del material bibliográfico; así como también, fue necesaria la aplicación de encuestas a una muestra significativa de las personas que viven a los alrededores del relleno sanitario del cantón Jipijapa. La investigación en sus resultados más importantes pudo evidenciar que el GADM del cantón Jipijapa, tiene afectación en el relleno sanitario construido a las afueras de la ciudad, ya que no previo dar capacitaciones en la clasificación de los desechos sólidos que va acompañado a una campaña de educación. Se concluye al final que es necesario, efectuar un análisis profundo de las carencias del relleno sanitario, con el fin de cumplir el objetivo para lo cual fue creado.