bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Assembly and Growth of Intercellular Junctions in Response to Membrane Tension and Cytoskeletal Contraction
Authors: Sarvestani Alireza , Moorthy Arsha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mechanical forces are crucial to the regulation of different aspects of cellular phenotype. These forces are transmitted between cells primarily through the bonds of intercellular junctions. A striking feature of cell adhesion junctions is their ability to sense and respond to force. It is known that the size of the junctions correlates with the magnitude of transmitted traction. In this study, we present a physical model for the interaction between two flexible membranes conjugated by a number of mobile bonds. The membranes have finite bending rigidity and are subjected to membrane tension and intracellular contraction. Implementing the first and second laws of thermodynamics, we derived the fundamental equations that control the self-assembly or growth kinetics of the junction. We predict that the junction may grow or shrink in size depending on the magnitude of membrane tension. More importantly, an increase in intracellular contraction always leads to spontaneous growth of the junctions. The balance between the lateral osmotic pressure of aggregated bonds, inter-membrane repulsive pressure, and elastic energy density of deformed membranes controls the equilibrium size of the junction. These passive sensory functions are purely mechanistic, independent from any internal signaling within the cells.
Cohesive Zone Interpretations of Phase-Field Fracture Models
Authors: Tran H. , Chew H. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Unlike micromechanics failure models that have a well-defined crack path, phase-field fracture models are capable of predicting the crack path in arbitrary geometries and dimensions by utilizing a diffuse representation of cracks. However, such models rely on the calibration of a fracture energy (Gc) and a regularization length-scale (lc) parameter, which do not have a strong micromechanical basis. Here, we construct the equivalent crack-tip cohesive zone laws representing a phase-field fracture model, to elucidate the effects of Gc and lc on the fracture resistance and crack growth mechanics under mode I K-field loading. Our results show that the cohesive zone law scales with increasing Gc while maintaining the same functional form. In contrast, increasing lc broadens the process zone and results in a flattened traction-separation profile with a decreased but sustained peak cohesive traction over longer separation distances. While Gc quantitatively captures the fracture initiation toughness, increasing Gc coupled with decreasing lc contributes to a rising fracture resistance curve and a higher steady-state toughness—both these effects cumulate in an evolving cohesive zone law with crack progression. We discuss the relationship between these phase-field parameters and process zone characteristics in the material.
Risk factors associated with abandonment of care in retinoblastoma: analysis of 692 patients from 10 countries
Authors: Nishath Thamanna , Li Xiudi , Chandramohan Arthika , Othus Megan , Ji Xunda , Zou Yihua , Sultana Sadia , Rashid Riffat , Sherief Sadik Taju , Cassoux Nathalie , Garcia Leon Juan Luis , Díaz Coronado Rosdali , López Arturo Manuel Zapata , Ushakova Tatiana L , Polyakov Vladimir G , Roy Soma Rani , Ahmad Alia , Reddy Ashwin , Sagoo Mandeep S , Al Harby Lamis , Kim Jonathan W , Berry Jesse L , Polski Ashley , Astbury Nick , Bascaran Cova , Blum Sharon , Bowman Richard , Burton Matthew J , Foster Allen , Gomel Nir , Keren-Froim Naama , Madgar Shiran , Zondervan Marcia , Kaliki Swathi , Fabian Ido Didi , Stacey Andrew 
Published: September 2022

Background
Rates of care abandonment for retinoblastoma (RB) demonstrate significant geographical variation; however, other variables that place a patient at risk of abandoning care remain unclear. This study aims to identify the risk factors for care abandonment across a multinational set of patients.

Methods
A prospective, observational study of 692 patients from 11 RB centres in 10 countries was conducted from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify risk factors associated with higher rates of care abandonment.

Results
Logistic regression showed a higher risk of abandoning care based on country (high-risk countries include Bangladesh (OR=18.1), Pakistan (OR=45.5) and Peru (OR=9.23), p<0.001), female sex (OR=2.39, p=0.013) and advanced clinical stage (OR=4.22, p<0.001). Enucleation as primary treatment was not associated with a higher risk of care abandonment (OR=0.59, p=0.206).

Conclusion
Country, advanced disease and female sex were all associated with higher rates of abandonment. In this analysis, enucleation as the primary treatment was not associated with abandonment. Further research investigating cultural barriers can enable the building of targeted retention strategies unique to each country.
Comparative effectiveness of exercise, antidepressants and their combination in treating non-severe depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Recchia Francesco , Leung Chit K , Chin Edwin C , Fong Daniel Y , Montero David , Cheng Calvin P , Yau Suk Yu , Siu Parco M 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the comparative effectiveness of exercise, antidepressants and their combination for alleviating depressive symptoms in adults with non-severe depression.DesignSystematic review and network meta-analysis.Data sourcesEmbase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and SportDiscus.Eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (1990–present) that examined the effectiveness of an exercise, antidepressant or combination intervention against either treatment alone or a control/placebo condition in adults with non-severe depression.Study selection and analysisRisk of bias, indirectness and the overall confidence in the network were assessed by two independent investigators. A frequentist network meta-analysis was performed to examine postintervention differences in depressive symptom severity between groups. Intervention drop-out was assessed as a measure of treatment acceptability.ResultsTwenty-one randomised controlled trials (n=2551) with 25 comparisons were included in the network. There were no differences in treatment effectiveness among the three main interventions (exercise vs antidepressants: standardised mean differences, SMD, −0.12; 95% CI −0.33 to 0.10, combination versus exercise: SMD, 0.00; 95% CI −0.33 to 0.33, combination vs antidepressants: SMD, −0.12; 95% CI −0.40 to 0.16), although all treatments were more beneficial than controls. Exercise interventions had higher drop-out rates than antidepressant interventions (risk ratio 1.31; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.57). Heterogeneity in the network was moderate (τ2=0.03; I2=46%).ConclusionsThe results suggest no difference between exercise and pharmacological interventions in reducing depressive symptoms in adults with non-severe depression. These findings support the adoption of exercise as an alternative or adjuvant treatment for non-severe depression in adults.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD4202122656.
Serum cholesterol loading capacity on macrophages is linked to coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular event risk in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Karpouzas George Athanasios , Papotti Bianca , Ormseth Sarah , Palumbo Marcella , Hernandez Elizabeth , Adorni Maria Pia , Zimetti Francesca , Budoff Matthew , Ronda Nicoletta 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesCholesterol loading capacity (CLC) describes the ability of serum to deliver cholesterol to cells. It is linked to foam cell formation, a pivotal step in atherosclerotic plaque development. We evaluate the associations of CLC with coronary atherosclerosis presence, burden and cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsCoronary atherosclerosis (any, high-risk low-attenuation plaque and obstructive plaque) was evaluated with CT angiography in 141 patients. Participants were prospectively followed for 6.0±2.4 years and cardiovascular events including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke, claudication, revascularisation and hospitalised heart failure were recorded. CLC was quantified as intracellular cholesterol in human macrophages after incubation with patient serum.ResultsCLC was not linked to overall plaque presence or burden after adjustments for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score, statin use and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. However, CLC associated with presence and numbers of any, low-attenuation and obstructive plaques exclusively in biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARD) non-users (p for interaction ≤0.018). CLC associated with cardiovascular event risk overall after adjustments for ASCVD and number of segments with plaque (HR=1.76 (95% CI 1.16 to 2.67) per 1 SD increase in CLC, p=0.008). Additionally, bDMARD use modified the impact of CLC on event risk; CLC associated with events in bDMARD non-users (HR=2.52 (95% CI 1.36 to 4.65) per 1SD increase in CLC, p=0.003) but not users.ConclusionCLC was linked to long-term cardiovascular event risk in RA and associated with high-risk low attenuation and obstructive coronary plaque presence and burden in bDMARD non-users. Its prospective validation as a predictive biomarker may be, therefore, warranted.
Complex And Simple Appendicitis: REstrictive or Liberal postoperative Antibiotic eXposure (CASA RELAX) using Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) and Response Adjusted for Duration of Antibiotic Risk (RADAR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yeh Daniel Dante , Hatton Gabrielle E , Pedroza Claudia , Pust Gerd , Mantero Alejandro , Namias Nicholas , Kao Lillian S 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesAfter appendectomy for simple or complicated appendicitis, the optimal duration of postoperative antibiotics (postop abx) is unclear and great practice variability exists. We propose to compare restrictive versus liberal postop abx using a hierarchical composite endpoint which includes patient-centered outcomes and accounts for duration of antibiotic exposure.Methods/DesignParticipants with simple or complicated appendicitis undergoing appendectomy are randomly assigned to either restricted or liberal strategy. Eligible subjects declining randomization will be recruited to enroll in an observation only cohort. The primary endpoint is an ordinal scale of mutually exclusive clinical outcomes with within-category rankings determined by duration of antibiotic exposure. Subjects in both randomized and observation only cohorts will be analyzed as intention-to-treat, per-protocol, and as-treated. Exploratory Bayesian analyses will be performed.ConclusionThe complex and simple appendicitis: restrictive or liberal postoperative antibiotic exposure multicenter randomized controlled trial will enroll surgical appendectomy patients and seeks to analyze if a strategy of restricted (compared with liberal) postoperative antibiotics results in similar clinical outcomes with the benefit of reduced antibiotic exposure.Trial registration numberNCT05002829.
Serological Evidence of Hepatitis B and E and Dengue Coinfection in Chadian Patients and Impact on Lipidemia Profile
Authors: Djasrabe Alexandre Kanga , Tietcheu Galani Borris Rosnay , Ali Moussa Mahamat , Yandai Fissou Henry , Nadlaou Bessimbaye , Habkreo Mayann , Njintang Nicolas Yanou 
Published: September 2022

Objective. Viral hepatitis is an endemic disease in Chad. However, few studies have documented coinfection cases and their impact on cardiovascular risk. This study is aimed at analyzing hepatitis B, E and dengue coinfection in a Chadian cohort and gauge its effect on lipidemia. Patients and Methods. From February to May 2021, 179 subjects were recruited from the Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine of the National Reference University Hospital of N’Djamena and tested for viral hepatitis markers, including HBsAg and IgM/IgG anti-HEV and dengue infection, using the NS1/IgM/IgG kit. Serum transaminases and biomarkers of lipid profiles were assayed by colorimetry, and atherogenic indexes (AI) and coronary risk (CRI) were calculated. Results. Of the 179 subjects surveyed, 21.22% (38/179) tested positive for hepatitis B, 20% (27/135) for hepatitis E, and 1.66% (2/120) for dengue. However, most of the patients were found to be asymptomatic. Hepatitis B/E coinfection was more frequent in the study population (5.02%; 9/179) than dengue/hepatitis E coinfection (0.83%; 1/120; IgM). The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies was higher (18.52%) than that of IgM (1.48%). Furthermore, IgG antibodies levels in HEV-monoinfected subjects (

11.05
±
1.93

IU/mL,

N
=
15

) were significantly higher (

p
<
0.05

) than in coinfected patients (

5.40
±
1.31

IU/mL,

N
=
9

). Subjects coinfected with HEV/HBV were associated with a significantly higher risk of lipodystrophy (coronary risk: 88.89% vs. 35.3%,

relative

risk

RR

=
2.55

;

p
=
0.014

), than HEV-monoinfected subjects, as evidenced by higher mean levels of triglycerides levels (

219.88
±
14.67

mg/dL vs.

191.82
±
4.66

mg/dL,

p
<
0.05

), more reduced HDL-C levels (

9.05
±
1.62

mg/dL vs.

18.93
±
2.35

mg/dL,

p
<
0.05

), increased mean CRI (

13.81
±
2.39

vs.

6.89
±
1.93

,

p
<
0.01

), and AI (

1.46
±
0.10

vs.

1.05
±
0.05

,

p
<
0.01

) values. However, they had normal transaminase values and a lower risk of developing a liver injury, although not significant (alanine aminotransferase: 0% vs. 29.4%,

RR
=
1

,

p
=
0.128

; aspartate aminotransferase: 0% vs. 5.88%,

p
=
1

) than this group. Conclusion. HBV/HEV coinfection is frequent in the Chadian cohort and associated with an important risk of dyslipidemia. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of action.
Geographical Inequality on Cataract Surgery Uptake in 200,000 Australians: Findings from the “45 and Up Study”
Authors: Xiao Guobei , Zhu Zhuoting , Xiao Xin , Tan Zachary , Cao Ke , Shang Xianwen , Brown Karl D. , Huang Guofu , Zhang Lei , He Mingguang 
Published: September 2022

Using a geographical information system (GIS), we investigated the spatiotemporal evolution of a cataract surgery service and its association with socioeconomic factors and private insurance, based on 10-year real-world medical claim data in an Australian population. The data collected cover a decade (2007–2016) from the “45 and Up Study”. A total of 234,201 participants within the cataract surgery service were grouped into 88 Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3s) according to their residential postcodes in New South Wales Australia. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations and geographical distribution inequality in cataract surgery incidence and its respect to socioeconomic status (SES) and private health insurance coverage by Spearman correlation analysis and Moran’s I test. Then these variations were intuitive displayed by six-quartile maps and a local indicator of spatial association (LISA) maps based on GIS. The average cumulative age-gender-standardized of the incidence of cataract surgery (ICS) was 8.85% (95% CI, 5.33–15.6). Spatial variation was significant (univariate Moran’s I = 0.45,

P

= 0.001) with incidence gradually decreasing from the coastal regions to the north-western inland regions, suggesting inequality in the cataract surgery service across the state of New South Wales. Notably, clustering of the low incidence areas had gradually disappeared over the decade, suggesting that the cataract surgery service has improved over time. Low scores on the “index of socioeconomic disadvantages” (IRSD) and high private health insurance coverage were significantly associated with a higher incidence of cataract surgery (bivariate Moran’s I = −0.13 and 0.23,

P

< 0.01; Spearman correlation r = 0.25 and −0.25,

P

= 0.02), which is displayed on the map visually and obviously. Spatiotemporal variations in the incidence of cataract surgery are significant, but the low incidence area had gradually disappeared over time. High socioeconomic status and private insurance contribute to a higher incidence of cataract surgery in Australia.
Recurrent Neural-Linear Posterior Sampling for Nonstationary Contextual Bandits
Authors: Ramesh Aditya , Rauber Paulo , Conserva Michelangelo , Schmidhuber Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An agent in a nonstationary contextual bandit problem should balance between exploration and the exploitation of (periodic or structured) patterns present in its previous experiences. Handcrafting an appropriate historical context is an attractive alternative to transform a nonstationary problem into a stationary problem that can be solved efficiently. However, even a carefully designed historical context may introduce spurious relationships or lack a convenient representation of crucial information. In order to address these issues, we propose an approach that learns to represent the relevant context for a decision based solely on the raw history of interactions between the agent and the environment. This approach relies on a combination of features extracted by recurrent neural networks with a contextual linear bandit algorithm based on posterior sampling. Our experiments on a diverse selection of contextual and noncontextual nonstationary problems show that our recurrent approach consistently outperforms its feedforward counterpart, which requires handcrafted historical contexts, while being more widely applicable than conventional nonstationary bandit algorithms. Although it is very difficult to provide theoretical performance guarantees for our new approach, we also prove a novel regret bound for linear posterior sampling with measurement error that may serve as a foundation for future theoretical work.
Christ est-il appelé Dieu en Romains 9:5 ?
Authors: Marschall Priscille 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
When working on Rom 9:5, exegetes face a crucial punctuation issue. The challenge consists in determining whether the expression ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων θεὸς εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας (9:5b) should be read as an independent clause, or, rather, as a relative clause attached with ὁ Χριστὸς τὸ κατὰ σάρκα (9:5a). According to the first option, Paul merely concludes his development with a doxology to God the Father. Following the second line, however, the apostle would make a Christological claim by asserting that Christ is God. The stakes are high since Paul nowhere else in his letters makes a clear claim that Christ is God. This article aims to reconsider this famous crux interpretum in light of ancient colometry, taking into account the principles of colometric structuration described in Greek and Latin rhetorical treatises. Specifically, the author argues that the combined presence of the three so-called Gorgianic figures (parisosis, paromoiosis, and antithesis) supports the case of light punctuation (a comma) between v. 5a and v. 5b, which in turn suggests reading v. 5b as a relative clause that qualifies Christ.
Byzantine Bethsaida and the House of St. Peter
Authors: Notley R. Steven 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The recent discovery of a 6th century basilica at el-A‘raj (Bethsaida) on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee has challenged our understanding of Byzantine traditions about Simon Peter. This study examines the corre-spondence between the archaeological finds and the description of Byzan-tine Bethsaida in the historical sources. Christian tradition consistently voiced that Peter’s home was in Bethsaida and was memorialized with a basilica. The archaeological finds at el-A‘raj accord with this tradition, but they also present a challenge to the innovation of Orfali in 1921 that the octagonal church in Capernaum was built over Peter’s house.
The biochemical changes in two moderately resistant and highly susceptible tomato cultivars at the later stages of Meloidogyne javanica infection
Authors: Asadi-sardari Ameneh , Mahdikhani-Moghadam Esmat , Zaki-Aghl Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The most effective method of managing root-knot nematodes is employing resistant and tolerant cultivars. Investigating biochemical changes can help determine the cause of resistance or susceptibility of plants to nematodes. In this study, resistance levels of some tomato cultivars, ‘ALYSTE F-1’, ‘ARYZA F-1’, ‘Early Urbana’, ‘Rutgers’, ‘Dutch Mobil’ and ‘Hungarian Mobil’, were evaluated based on nematode reproduction indices under glasshouse conditions. After selecting the most susceptible and resistant cultivar, comparisons of activity of defence enzymes (guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), and phenolic and lignin contents in leaves and roots were investigated. Analysis of nematode reproductive traits revealed that ‘ALYSTE F-1’ had the lowest number of galls per root system, egg masses per root system, eggs per root system, and second-stage juveniles per 1.5 kg of soil and, consequently, the lowest number of nematode populations. Finally, ‘ALYSTE F-1’ and ‘Dutch Mobil’ (based on reproduction factor, gall index and resistance index) were selected as moderately resistant and highly susceptible cultivars, respectively, for biochemical analysis. Biochemical analysis of leaves and roots showed that most of the defence compounds in ‘ALYSTE F-1’ were higher than ‘Dutch Mobil’. These results also showed that ‘ALYSTE F-1’ reacted to nematode attack more rapidly than ‘Dutch Mobil’.
Religion and Subjective Well-being
Authors: Golo Ben-Willie Kwaku , Novieto Ernestina E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The relationship between religion and subjective well-being has received research attention in recent decades with mixed results, particularly related to life satisfaction, fewer traumatic outcomes, and happiness. With the assumption that the connection between religion and subjective well-being depends on the context and the religious certainty of participants and considering that majority of religion-well-being research were carried out predominantly in contexts of diminishing centrality of institutional religion and religious fervor, this paper specifically researches early career professionals with claims to religiousness and religious certainties in three of Ghana’s public universities. Using the mixed-method of research with two-hundred and thirty-six surveys and twenty-five in-depth interviews we found that our participants understanding of subjective well-being reflects the complexity of the subject. We also found that while their claims indicate a strong relationship between their religiosities and their well-being, particularly through religious meaning-making, these are not without elements of negative relationships. We conclude that, while the data offers some unique insights, it further supports the view of the complexities in the conclusions on religiosity and well-being.
Jaime Gonçalves
Authors: Fiorotti Silas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper emphasizes the trajectory of Jaime Pedro Gonçalves (1936–2016) and especially the perspectives of this Mozambican bishop on some facts regarding the recent history of Mozambique. The hypothesis defended is that the trajectory approach is very important for understanding several aspects of Mozambique’s recent history, and that the bishop’s perspectives challenge and point to the limits of the ideas and explanations in the official narratives of the Frelimo governments.