bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of cumulative early life adversities, and their differential mediation through hair cortisol levels, on childhood growth and cognition: Three-year follow-up of a birth cohort in rural India
Authors: Mukherjee Debarati , Bhopal Sunil , Bhavnani Supriya , Sharma Kamal Kant , Roy Reetabrata , Divan Gauri , Mandal Siddhartha , Soremekun Seyi , Kirkwood Betty , Patel Vikram 
Published: March 2022

Background: Early adversities negatively impact children’s growth and development, putatively mediated by chronic physiological stress resulting from these adverse experiences. We aimed to estimate the associations between prospectively measured cumulative early adversities with growth and cognition outcomes in rural Indian preschool children and to explore if hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a measure of chronic physiological stress, mediated the above association. Methods: Participants were recruited from the SPRING cRCT in rural Haryana, India. Adversities experienced through pregnancy and the first year of life were measured in 1304 children at 12-months. HCC was measured at 12-months in 845 of them. Outcome measures were height-for-age-z-score (HAZ), weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ) and cognition, measured in 1124 children followed up at 3-years. Cognition was measured using a validated tablet-based gamified tool named DEEP. Results: Cumulative adversities at 12-months were inversely associated with all outcomes measures at 3-years. Each unit increase in adversity score led to a decrease of 0·08 units [95% confidence interval (CI):-0·11,-0·06] in DEEP-z-score; 0·12 units [-0·14,-0·09] in HAZ and 0·11 units [-0·13,-0·09] in WAZ. 12-month HCC was inversely associated with DEEP-z-score (-0·09 [-0·16,-0·01]) and HAZ (-0·12 [-0·20,-0·04]), but the association with WAZ was not significant (p = 0·142). HCC marginally mediated the association between cumulative adversities and HAZ (proportion mediated = 0·06, p = 0·014). No evidence of mediation was found for the cognition outcome. Conclusions: Cumulative early adversities and HCC measured at 12-months have persistent negative effects on child growth and cognition at 3-years. The association between adversities and these two child outcomes were differentially mediated by HCC, with no evidence of mediation observed for the cognitive outcome. Future studies should focus on other stress biomarkers, and alternate pathways such as the immune, inflammation and cellular ageing pathways, to unpack key mechanisms underlying the established relationship between early adversities and poor child outcomes.
DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF INDUSTRY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Demareva Elena E. , Matveeva Elena E. 
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения финансовой безопасности промышленности, предприятий, организаций как элемент национальной безопасности государства. Особое место занимает сравнительный анализ угроз экономической безопасности и перспектив в данной сфере экономики. Тема финансовой устойчивости организации как основы финансовой безопасности актуальна в современном мире, поскольку финансовая стабильность гарантирует платежеспособность компании. Руководство предприятия должно знать, что оно не только будет получать прибыль и пользоваться возможными преимуществами, но и будет постоянно рисковать. И не каждая компания, даже в странах с рыночной экономикой, может выдержать такие жесткие испытания и обеспечить свою финансовую безопасность. В связи с этим рассмотрение этой темы в настоящее время становится особенно актуальным.
Цель – определение способов и приемов финансовой устойчивости, применяющих при проведении анализа промышленных предприятий.
Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались следующие методы: анализ, синтез научной информации, метод аналогий, а также статистические методы анализа.
Результаты: получены наиболее информативные параметры, показывающие некоторые аспекты проведения финансовой устойчивости промышленных предприятий.
Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими анализ промышленных предприятий.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CLOSED PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND THE “POLLUTER PAYS” PRINCIPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Vetrova Maria A. , Ivanova Dinara V. 
Published: March 2022

With the current volumes of global consumption, the linear economic model of creating products with their further use and subsequent burial in landfills without taking into account environmental, social and economic consequences has proved to be ineffective and has caused a number of global problems. For sustainable development and the future, where waste is an asset and any value is restored, a circular economy model based on a closed product life cycle and the principle of extended producer responsibility, which have become the object of special attention of this study, has been actively formed in recent years. This article presents the main ways of recycling products and waste that meet the principles of sustainable development and the creation of a circular economy to achieve environmental safety, economic growth, environmental protection and social benefits.
Objective: to develop a business decision-making process on the method of recycling products at the end of the life cycle as an integral part of the extended responsibility of the manufacturer for “closing the circuit” in the conditions of the development of the circular economy.
Methods: general scientific methods of institutional, regulatory, economic analysis and synthesis of best practices and scientific literature within the framework of the modern concept of sustainable development.
Results: methods of disposal of products at the end of use and waste are systematized, taking into account environmental, economic and social benefits, strategies of relations between the consumer and the manufacturer for the return of the product are correlated with circular business models, a business decision-making process for choosing a method of disposal of products at the end of the life cycle is developed.
Scope of the results: the results of this study can be used by enterprises when implementing circular business models and expanding the responsibility of the manufacturer for the disposal of products at the end of its life cycle, by state authorities when forming a sustainable development strategy, as well as introducing a model of the circular economy of the Russian Federation to achieve climate neutrality and environmental safety, improve the welfare of citizens, economic efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATIZATION AND DIGITALIZATION OF THE FOREST COMPLEX IN PROVIDING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Bareiko Snezhana N. , Kravchenko Stella K. 
Published: March 2022

The sustainable development of the Russian economy is inextricably linked with the digital economy. The main objective of the “Program for the Development of the Digital Economy in the Russian Federation until 2035” is to form a system of support and incentive measures that provides motivation for financial and economic entities to digital innovations and research in the field of digital technologies. As practice shows, the need for the introduction and development of digital technologies in the forest industry remains very relevant. Since effective forestry is impossible without high-quality, accessible and complete information about forest resources.
The purpose of the work: to consider the features of the development of digitalization in the forest complex in the context of the impact on the economic security of Russia. Identify key digital trends that will contribute to the development of the timber industry.
Research methods: the methodological basis was made up of systematic, generalized, analytical and comparative approaches, as well as a set of methods of economic and statistical analysis.
Results: the development and widespread use of digital technologies in forest management will be able to increase the accuracy and completeness of information about forests, as well as make it more accessible. The introduction of digitalization in forestry will reduce the number of errors that lead to inefficiency in the use of forest resources.
Scope of application of the results: it is advisable to apply the results obtained in the development of national programs for the development of a new generation of economy, including the development and implementation of innovative technologies in the timber industry.
Udar przysadki jako rzadka przyczyna hipoglikemii – opis przypadku
Authors: Cabaj Justyna , Bargieł Julia , Lewicki Marcin 
Published: March 2022

Wprowadzenie: Udar przysadki jest natychmiastowy, szybko spotykanym stanem nagłym w praktyce endokrynologicznej. Może być zakładem ostrym krwotokiem i/lub niedokrwieniem, na celowniku przy niezdiagnozowanym gruczolaka. U przewaŜającej części, we wnętrzu niedobory jednego hormonu, gdzie najczęściej pierwsze manifestacje w postaci hipoglikemii wynikają z niedostatecznego wydzielania hormonu adrenokortykotropowego.
Opis przypadku: 72-letnia z cukrzycą t.2 została przyjęta do nabytego nauczyciela z nauczonym hipoglikemią. Wstępnie rozpoznano hipoglikemię sulfonu zejściem na powitanie. Wykonane czynności uwidoczniły znacznej wielkości wielkość złóg w lewym moczdzie, który pozwala na ustabilizowanie poziomu poziomu badania po uwidocznieniu. W okresie pozabiegowym porażeniem w korzystaniu z wychowania, jakie postępno opadnięcie powieki oka lewego, przeprowadzonego po nerwu III. Pilnie reprezentacja rekwizyty, w którym nie ma nadzoruje zespół dla kogoś śródlądowego, uwidoczniono, odpowiednio zatarty obrys przybytków. Ze względu na obraz kliniczny wysunięto podejrzenie udaru przysadki, zlecono natychmiastową ocenę osi adrenokortykotropowej i tyreotropowej.W wynikach produkcyjnych produkcyjnych ACTH, kortyzol, TSH, FT4 i FT3 i rozpoznano niedoczynność przysadki. Celem badania rozpoznania zlecania wykonania badania rezonansu magnetycznego, które są uznawane za przesunięte w czasie w związku z infekcją chorego wirusem SARS-Cov2. W wykonanym wykonanym po ustąpieniu zakaźności, jakie miało miejsce nowe pokrwotoczne w wykonaniu przysadki, na rezonans i rezonans gruczolaka.
Wnioski: W przypadku podejrzeniau przysadki należy przetwarzać badanie MR oraz badania laboratoryjne, w ocenie funkcji hormonalnej. Uzupełnianie leczenia substytucją hormonalną, leczenie leczeniem leczenia zabiegowego. Diagnostyka zawszeca się do metod i przedepajęczynów oraz wszyscy oponenci mózgowo-rdzeniowi.
Factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptives among reproductive age women in the Kwadaso Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Yeboah Daniel Sarpong , Appiah Maxwell Afranie , Kampitib Grace Billi 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundUnintended pregnancy leads to unsafe abortion, which is one of the commonest causes of maternal deaths in developing countries including Ghana. Lots of unintended pregnancies can be avoided using emergency contraceptives (EC). Emergency contraceptives are mostly used after unprotected sexual intercourse and have a ninety-nine percent chance of preventing unintended pregnancy when taken correctly. However, unlike other modern contraceptives such as condoms, emergency contraceptives cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections.ObjectivesThis study aimed at assessing the factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptives among reproductive-age women in the Kwadaso Municipality, Ghana.MethodsA community-based descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted in three sub-municipalities of the Kwadaso Municipality. A multistage sampling method was used to select 312 women in their reproductive age within households. A simple random sampling method was first used to select the sub-municipalities (Kwadaso Central, Asuoyeboah, and Agric-Nzema). Participants were selected from households through a systematic sampling procedure and responses were solicited from women who consented to participate in the study. The selection was strictly dependent on the number of eligible women in a household, that is, in an event where more than one woman was found in a household, a simple random sampling method was used to select only one woman from that household. STATA 15.0 was used to analyse the data. Binary logistic regression was used to find the adjusted estimates and associations between EC use and the exposure variables. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant at 95% Confidence Interval (CI).ResultsThe findings showed that 79.67% of the women had ever used EC. Amongst them, 59.83% used EC following unexpected unprotected sex, and 24.69% used EC following failed coitus interruptus. Women’s attitude towards EC (AOR = 8.52,p<0.001), religion (AOR = 4.56,p = 0.004), and monthly income (AOR = 0.29,p = 0.030) were found to have significant influence on their use of EC.ConclusionThe level of EC use among the women was high. Women’s attitude towards EC, religion, and monthly income were the major factors influencing the use of EC. Thus, strategies to promote EC use should emphasize on addressing the attitude of women towards EC through sex education in schools, various religious institutions, and the community at large with the services of health authorities and support from governmental and non-governmental organizations whose focus is to address the need for reproductive health services in order to reduce the misconception regarding the use of EC.
What is the effectiveness of a personalised video story after an online diabetes risk assessment? A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Williams Susan L. , To Quyen , Vandelanotte Corneel 
Published: March 2022

Background
Online risk assessment tools for type 2 diabetes communicate risk information to motivate individuals to take actions and reduce their risk if needed. The impact of these tools on follow-up behaviours (e.g., General Practitioner (GP) visits, improvement in health behaviours) is unknown. This study examined effectiveness of a personalised video story and text-based message on GP and health professional visitations and health behaviours, of individuals assessed as ‘high risk’ following completion of the online Australian Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (AUSDRISK).

Methods
A Randomised Controlled Trial (conducted between October 2018 and April 2019) included 477 participants with a high score (≥12). The control group received a text-based message (TM) and the intervention group received both the text-based message and a personalised video story (TM+VS) encouraging them to take follow-up action. Participants reported follow-up actions (one- and three months), and physical activity (PA), dietary behaviours and body weight (baseline, one and three months). Generalized Linear Mixed Models and chi-squared tests were used to test differences in outcomes between groups over time.

Results
The intervention was not more effective for the TM+VS group compared to the TM only group (p-values>0.05 for all outcomes). More participants in the TM only group (49.8% compared to 40.0% in the VS+TM group) visited either a GP or health professional (p = 0.18). During the 3-month follow-up: 44.9% of all participants visited a GP (36.7%) and/or other health professional (31.0%). Significant improvements were found between baseline and three months, in both groups for weekly physical activity, daily fruit and vegetable intake and weight status.

Conclusions
Messages provided with online diabetes risk assessment tools to those with high-risk, positively influence GP and health professional visitations and promote short-term improvements in health behaviours that may contribute to an overall reduction in the development of type 2 diabetes.

Trial registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12619000809134.
Visual acuity assessment of preschool children in the inner city area in Jakarta
Authors: Yulia Dian Estu , Laksmita Yulinda Arty , Barliana Julie Dewi , Djunaedi Laura Agnestasia , Amanda Lia , Gunardi Hartono 
Published: March 2022

Background Visual acuity (VA) assessment is an important ocular examination to identify children with vision problems. Such early identification allows for early intervention to prevent childhood blindness.
Objective To describe and compare visual acuity measurements in preschool children using two different visual acuity charts.
Methods This cross-sectional study in children aged 36-60 months was done in a low-income area in the Central Jakarta District as a collaboration between Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Child Health, Universitas Indonesia Medical School/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. All children underwent visual acuity examinations using Lea symbols and Tumbling E charts. The VA results from two charts were analyzed with Bland-Altman plot for limits of agreement. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the differences between vision charts.
Results A total of 113 children enrolled, but only 38 children completed the examinations. The mean age of subjects was 50.5 (SD 6.4) months. Overall, subjects’ mean VA was 0.29 (SD 0.18) for Lea symbols and 0.37 (SD 0.14) for Tumbling E. The mean difference of VA between Lea symbols and Tumbling E was 0.07 (SD 0.22) logMAR units, with upper and lower limits of agreement at 0.36 and 0.51, respectively. There was no statistical difference in VA score using Lea symbols and Tumbling-E based on gender and age.
Conclusion Most preschool children in our study have normal visual acuity. Lea symbols and Tumbling E chart are comparable and can be used to efficiently measure VA in preschool children.
Survival rate of pediatric osteosarcoma in Indonesia: a single center study
Authors: Sjakti Hikari Ambara , Putri Isyanaditta Agung , Windiastuti Endang 
Published: March 2022

Background Over the years, the survival rate of children with osteosarcoma has increased with improved management. However, survival tends to be lower in low-middle-income countries.
Objective To report the survival rate of children with osteosarcoma in a single center in Indonesia and to evaluate the outcomes of treatment modalities currently used.
Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the medical records of pediatric osteosarcoma patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2015 to 2019. Patients were categorized based on age group, sex, primary tumor location, treatment modalities, disease metastasis, and disease outcome.
Results We included 83 children with osteosarcoma, with an age range of 4-17 years (median 13 years). Mean estimated overall survival and event-free survival were 28 (95%CI 24 to 32) months and 10 (95%CI 8 to 13) months, respectively. Overall survival duration between treatment modality groups was significantly different (P<0.05). The mean estimated overall duration of survival was 9 (95%CI 3 to 15) months for chemotherapy, 18 (95%CI 14 to 22) months for chemotherapy with surgery, and 21 (95%CI 14 to 27) months for chemotherapy with surgery and radiation.
Conclusion The survival rate of childhood osteosarcoma in Indonesia remains low. The current treatment option currently used in our center may contribute to the low rate of survival.
TNF-α as a predictive factor of pulmonary hypertension in children with Down syndrome with and without congenital heart disease
Authors: Hariyanti Latifah Rahmi , Widjaja Sri Lilijanti , Hidayah Dwi 
Published: March 2022

Background Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal disorder due to trisomy 21 that may involve congenital heart disease (CHD). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) may be present in DS with and without CHD. TNF-α is a cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation in PH.
Objective To determine the association between TNF-α and the risk of PH in children with DS with and without congenital heart disease.
Methods This observational study was conducted in DS children aged two months to five years who visited the outpatient clinic of a regional referral hospital in Indonesia. Subjects underwent echocardiography and were classified into four groups (CHD-PH, CHD-no PH, no CHD-PH, no CHD-no PH). Serum TNF-α was measured in all subjects. We used the ANOVA test to compare mean TNF-α between the groups and to determine the optimal TNF-α cut-off point. We compared the risk of PH in subjects with TNF-α above and below the cut-off point.
Results We included 36 DS children in this study. Mean TNF-α in the CHD-PH, CHD-no PH, no CHD-PH, and no CHD-no PH groups was 2,564.44 (SD 177.00) pg/mL, 2,112.89 (SD 382.00) pg/mL, 2,211.56 (SD 330.70) pg/mL, and 1,118.89 (SD 1056.65) pg/mL, respectively (p<0.001). The optimal TNF-α cut-off point was 2,318 pg/mL. DS children with TNF-α ≥2,318 pg/mL had a higher risk of CHD (RR=2.6; 95%CI 1.17 to 5.78; p=0.008) and PH (RR=3.5; 95%CI 1.43 to 8.60; p=0.001).
Conclusions DS children with CHD accompanied by PH have significantly higher TNF-α levels than those without PH and those without CHD. In children with DS, an elevated TNF-α level (≥2,318 pg/mL) is associated with a higher risk of CHD and PH.
Interaction of cervical microbiome with epigenome of epithelial cells: Significance of inflammation to primary healthcare
Authors: Holubekova Veronika , Kolkova Zuzana , Kasubova Ivana , Samec Marek , Mazurakova Alena , Koklesova Lenka , Kubatka Peter , Rokos Tomas , Kozubik Erik , Biringer Kamil , Kudela Erik 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
One pillar of the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine framework strategies is the female health. The evaluation of women’s lifestyle and dietary habits in context with genetic and modifiable risk factors may reflect the prevention of cervical cancer before the occurrence of clinical symptoms and prediction of cervical lesion behavior. The main aim of this review is to analyze publications in the field of precision medicine that allow the use of research knowledge of cervical microbiome, epigenetic modifications, and inflammation in potential application in clinical practice. Personalized approach in evaluating patient’s risk of future development of cervical abnormality should consider the biomarkers of the local microenvironment characterized by the microbial composition, epigenetic pattern of cervical epithelium, and presence of chronic inflammation. Novel sequencing techniques enable a more detailed characterization of actual state in cervical epithelium. Better understanding of all changes in multiomics level enables a better assessment of disease prognosis and selects the eligible targeted therapy in personalized medicine. Restoring of healthy vaginal microflora and reversing the outbreak of cervical abnormality can be also achieved by dietary habits as well as uptake of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, microbial transplantation, and others.