bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of emergency presentation in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Golder Allan M. , McMillan Donald C. , Horgan Paul G. , Roxburgh Campbell S. D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, even despite curative treatment. A significant proportion of patients present emergently and have poorer outcomes compared to elective presentations, independent of TNM stage. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, differences between elective/emergency presentations of colorectal cancer were examined to determine which factors were associated with emergency presentation. A literature search was carried out from 1990 to 2018 comparing elective and emergency presentations of colon and/or rectal cancer. All reported clinicopathological variables were extracted from identified studies. Variables were analysed through either systematic review or, if appropriate, meta-analysis. This study identified multiple differences between elective and emergency presentations of colorectal cancer. On meta-analysis, emergency presentations were associated with more advanced tumour stage, both overall (OR 2.05) and T/N/M/ subclassification (OR 2.56/1.59/1.75), more: lymphovascular invasion (OR 1.76), vascular invasion (OR 1.92), perineural invasion (OR 1.89), and ASA (OR 1.83). Emergencies were more likely to be of ethnic minority (OR 1.58). There are multiple tumour/host factors that differ between elective and emergency presentations of colorectal cancer. Further work is required to determine which of these factors are independently associated with emergency presentation and subsequently which factors have the most significant effect on outcomes.
Impact of polygenic risk communication: an observational mobile application-based coronary artery disease study
Authors: Muse Evan D. , Chen Shang-Fu , Liu Shuchen , Fernandez Brianna , Schrader Brian , Molparia Bhuvan , León André Nicolás , Lee Raymond , Pubbi Neha , Mejia Nolan , Ren Christina , El-kalliny Ahmed , Prado Montes de Oca Ernesto , Aguilar Hector , Ghoshal Arjun , Dias Raquel , Evans Doug , Chen Kai-Yu , Zhang Yunyue , Wineinger Nathan E. , Spencer Emily G. , Topol Eric J. , Torkamani Ali 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe developed a smartphone application, MyGeneRank, to conduct a prospective observational cohort study (NCT03277365) involving the automated generation, communication, and electronic capture of response to a polygenic risk score (PRS) for coronary artery disease (CAD). Adults with a smartphone and an existing 23andMe genetic profiling self-referred to the study. We evaluated self-reported actions taken in response to personal CAD PRS information, with special interest in the initiation of lipid-lowering therapy. 19% (721/3,800) of participants provided complete responses for baseline and follow-up use of lipid-lowering therapy. 20% (n = 19/95) of high CAD PRS vs 7.9% (n = 8/101) of low CAD PRS participants initiated lipid-lowering therapy at follow-up (p-value = 0.002). Both the initiation of statin and non-statin lipid-lowering therapy was associated with degree of CAD PRS: 15.2% (n = 14/92) vs 6.0% (n = 6/100) for statins (p-value = 0.018) and 6.8% (n = 8/118) vs 1.6% (n = 2/123) for non-statins (p-value = 0.022) in high vs low CAD PRS, respectively. High CAD PRS was also associated with earlier initiation of lipid lowering therapy (average age of 52 vs 65 years in high vs low CAD PRS respectively, p-value = 0.007). Overall, degree of CAD PRS was associated with use of any lipid-lowering therapy at follow-up: 42.4% (n = 56/132) vs 28.5% (n = 37/130) (p-value = 0.009). We find that digital communication of personal CAD PRS information is associated with increased and earlier lipid-lowering initiation in individuals of high CAD PRS. Loss to follow-up is the primary limitation of this study. Alternative communication routes, and long-term studies with EHR-based outcomes are needed to understand the generalizability and durability of this finding.
Visible light-promoted synthesis of ureas and formamides from amines and CO2
Authors: Zhang Qian , Hou Jing , Huang Yan , Zhan Le-wu , Li Bin-dong 
Published: March 2022

A divergent visible-light-induced Ph3P-promoted method for the synthesis of ureas and formamides from amines and CO2 has been developed. A range of ureas could be accessed under ambient temperature and pressure. Formamides could be also produced.
An empirical nonlinear power spectrum overdensity response
Authors: Rácz Gábor , Szapudi István , Csabai István 
Published: March 2022

Context.The overdensity inside a cosmological sub-volume and the tidal fields from its surroundings affect the matter distribution of the region. The resulting difference between the local and global power spectra is characterized by the response function.Aims.Our aim is to provide a new, simple, and accurate formula for the power spectrum overdensity response at highly nonlinear scales based on the results of cosmological simulations and paying special attention to the lognormal nature of the density field.Methods.We measured the dark matter power spectrum amplitude as a function of the overdensity (δW) inN-body simulation subsamples. We show that the response follows a power-law form in terms of (1 + δW), and we provide a new fit in terms of the variance,σ(L), of a sub-volume of sizeL.Results.Our fit has a similar accuracy and a comparable complexity to second-order standard perturbation theory on large scales, but it is also valid for nonlinear (smaller) scales, where perturbation theory needs higher-order terms for a comparable precision. Furthermore, we show that the lognormal nature of the overdensity distribution causes a previously unidentified bias: the power spectrum amplitude for a subsample with an average density is typically underestimated by about −2σ2. Although this bias falls to the sub-percent level above characteristic scales of 200 Mpc h−1, taking it into account improves the accuracy of estimating power spectra from zoom-in simulations and smaller high-resolution surveys embedded in larger low-resolution volumes.
Application of Metanephrine and Normetanephrine in Evaluating the
Selectivity of Adrenal Vein Sampling
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Jingjing , Yang Yaling , Jin Yinxin , Li Zaizhao , You Liting , Luo Jianguang , Su Xin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the usefulness of metanephrine (MN) and
normetanephrine (NMN) in bilateral simultaneous adrenal vein sampling (AVS) with
and without ACTH stimulation. The study was conducted in a single referral
center. Prospective recruited patients with PA were treated with AVS. The
effects of cortisol, MN and NMN on selectivity catheterization were assessed and
determined by lateralization. We enrolled 54 patients with PA who were treated
with simultaneous bilateral AVS with ACTH. The Selectivity Index (SI) calculated
by MN was higher than that calculated by other indicators (p<0.001), the
catheterization success rate of MN at baseline was the same as that of cortisol
after ACTH stimulation, and in lateralization diagnosis, MN was not inferior to
cortisol. In conclusion, among the studied indicators, MN is the best index for
determining the catheterization selectivity in AVS, especially in the absence of
ACTH stimulation.
Assessment of Neuroendocrine Changes and Hypothalamo-Pituitary
Autoimmunity in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Gonen Mustafa Sait , De Bellis Annamaria , Durcan Emre , Bellastella Giuseppe , Cirillo Paolo , Scappaticcio Lorenzo , Longo Miriam , Bircan Basak Ecem , Sahin Serdar , Sulu Cem , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Konukoglu Dildar , Kartufan Fatma Ferda , Kelestimur Fahrettin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and pituitary dysfunction
may occur. Therefore, we investigated neuroendocrine changes, in particular,
secondary adrenal insufficiency, using a dynamic test and the role of
autoimmunity in pituitary dysfunction in patients with COVID-19. The
single-center, prospective, case-control study included patients with polymerase
chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 and healthy controls. Basal hormone
levels were measured, and the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation
test was performed. Antipituitary (APA) and antihypothalamic antibodies (AHA)
were also determined. We examined a total of 49 patients with COVID-19 and 28
healthy controls. The frequency of adrenal insufficiency in patients with
COVID-19 was found as 8.2%. Patients with COVID-19 had lower free
T3, IGF-1, and total testosterone levels, and higher cortisol and
prolactin levels when compared with controls. We also demonstrated the presence
of APA in three and AHA in one of four patients with adrenal insufficiency. In
conclusion, COVID-19 may result in adrenal insufficiency, thus routine screening
of adrenal functions in these patients is needed. Endocrine disturbances in
COVID-19 are similar to those seen in acute stressful conditions or infections.
Pituitary or hypothalamic autoimmunity may play a role in neuroendocrine
abnormalities in COVID-19.
The Combined TL-RS Approach: Advantages and Disadvantages of Working 360 Degrees around the Sigmoid Sinus
Authors: Kleijwegt Maarten , Koot Radboud , van der Mey Andel , Hensen Erik , Malessy Martijn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the combined translabyrinthine (TL) and classic retrosigmoid (RS) approaches.
Design Retrospective chart review.
Setting National tertiary referral center for skull base pathology.
Participants Twenty-two patients with very large cerebellopontine angle tumors were resected using the combined TL-RS approach.
Main Outcome Measures Preoperative patient characteristics including age, sex, and hearing loss. Tumor characteristics, pathology, and size. Intraoperative outcome: tumor removal. Postoperative outcomes included facial nerve function, residual tumor growth, and neurological deficits.
Results Thirteen patients had schwannoma, eight had meningioma, and one had both. The mean age was 47 years, mean tumor size was 39 × 32 × 35 mm (anterior–posterior, medial–lateral, craniocaudal), and mean follow-up period was 80 months. Tumor control was achieved in 13 patients (59%), and 9 (41%) had residual tumor growth that required additional treatment. Seventeen patients (77%) had postoperative House–Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function grades I to II, one had H-B grade III, one H-B grade V, and three H-B grade VI.
Conclusion Combining TL and RS approaches may be helpful in safely removing large meningiomas and schwannomas in selected cases. This valuable technique should be considered when sufficient exposure cannot be achieved with the TL or RS approach alone.
Halocyclobutanol Dehydration En Route to Halocyclobutenes
Authors: Tobrman Tomáš , Oeser Petr , Petrenko Artem , Edlová Tereza , Čubiňák Marek , Koudelka Jakub 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA new method for the preparation of halocyclobutenes is described. The developed process involves the dehydration of halocyclobutanols by using tetrafluoroboric acid–diethyl ether complex in dichloromethane at room temperature. The process allows for high yields of halocyclobutenes to be achieved by using alcohols that do not trigger the formation of isomeric allylic halides.
Nutrition in Asthma
Authors: Williams Evan J. , Berthon Bronwyn S. , Stoodley Isobel , Williams Lily M. , Wood Lisa G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn emerging body of evidence suggests that diet plays an important role in both the development and management of asthma. The relationship between dietary intake and asthma risk has been explored in epidemiological studies, though intervention trials examining the effects of nutrient intake and dietary patterns on asthma management are scarce. Evidence for diets high in fruits and vegetables, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids and soluble fiber such as the Mediterranean diet is conflicting. However, some studies suggest that these diets may reduce the risk of asthma, particularly in young children, and could have positive effects on disease management. In contrast, a Westernized dietary pattern, high in saturated fatty acids, refined grains, and sugars may promote an inflammatory environment resulting in the onset of disease and worsening of asthma outcomes. This review will summarize the state of the evidence for the impact of whole dietary patterns, as well as individual nutrients, on the prevalence and management of asthma.
Sexual Violence Suffered by Women in Early and Late Adolescence: Care Provided and Follow-Up
Authors: Torres Alejandra Suyapa Becerra , Teixeira Ana Luiza , Côrtes Maria Teresa Ferreira , Alves Ândria Cléia , Alabarse Otávio , Azevedo Renata Cruz Soares de , Fernandes Arlete 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To compare the sexual violence suffered by women in early and late adolescence, the reactions triggered after the aggression, and the care provided.
Methods A retrospective study in which we reviewed the medical records of 521 female adolescents treated by a multidisciplinary team at a reference hospital in the city of Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil. We analyzed sociodemographic variables, and those pertainin to the characteristics of the episodes of violence, the emergency care, and the physical and psychological reactions observed during the follow-up. For the analysis, the sample was divided into groups of early (10 to 14 years) and late (15 to 18 years) adolescence. We used the Chi-squared/Fisher Exact, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis tests to compare the groups; the level of significance adopted was 5%.
Results The early group (n = 242) contained more adolescents who were enrolled in school (p < 0.001), suffered more daytime aggressions (p = 0.031), in their residences (p < 0.001), by an aggressor with whom they were acquainted (p < 0.001), had greater need of legal protection (p = 0.001), and took longer to seek care (p = 0.048). Feelings of guilt, shame, and the perception of violence were similar between the groups. In the late group (n = 279), there was greater consumption of alcohol during the aggression (p = 0,005); they received significantly more prophylaxis treatments; reported more physical symptoms (p = 0.033), sleep disorders (p = 0.003), symptoms of anxiety (p = 0.045), and feelings of anguish (p = 0.011); and had more prescriptions of psychotropics (p = 0.005). Only 52% completed the 6-month follow-up, with no differences between the groups.
Conclusion The age groups showed differences in the characteristics of the episodes of violence; early adolescents took longer to seek help, and the late group presented more intense symptoms and psychological worsening during the follow-up. Measures of prevention and specific care aimed at this population are needed.
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Analyzing the Disease Present Exclusively in the Endocervical Canal
Authors: Fonseca Fernanda Villar , Cordeiro Maria Victória Gutierrez , Pozza Ariadne Cristine , Maestri Carlos Afonso 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the role of cervical cytology (Pap smear) in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or greater (CIN2 + ), presented exclusively in the endocervical canal, the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of this lesion, the necessary length of canal to be removed to treat, and the rate of invasive lesion hidden in the endocervical canal.
Methods Cross-sectional study, by database analysis, of patients with abnormal cytology (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL]), without visible colposcopy lesion, submitted to loop electrosurgical procedure (LEEP) to evaluate the association of cytology results with the histological product of the conization, to identify the epidemiological characteristics of endocervical lesion and clinical evolution, using a p-value < 0.05 and 95% CI.
Results In 444 cases, the Pap smear sensitivity for CIN2+ diagnosis was 75% (95% CI: 69.8–79.7), specificity was 40% (95% CI: 30.2–49.5), and the prevalence rate of histological lesion was 73% (95% CI: 70.1–78.7). There was a higher prevalence of CIN2+ in women over 42 years old and invasive cancer in those over 56 years old (p < 0.001), and it was necessary to remove 2.6 cm in length of the canal to reduce the chance of recurrence (p < 0.006). The rate of invasive cancer was 2.7%.
Conclusion Cytology was related to a high prevalence to histological lesion (73%) in the diagnosis of CIN2+ in the endocervical disease; older patients presented a higher relationship with histological lesions in the canal disease, and it was necessary to remove an average of 2.6 cm in length of the endocervical canal to avoid the persistence and progression of CIN. The rate of occult neoplasia in the endocervical canal was 2.7%.
Ventrally Fused Conjoined Twins (Omphaloischiopagus): A Roadmap to Successful Separation
Authors: AbouZeid Amr A. , Mohammad Shaimaa A. , Radwan Ahmed B. , ElDieb Leila , El-Gendy Yasmin G. , Ibrahim Hanan , Amer Akram , Shabana Tarek , Elzahaby Hany , Elbarbary Amir , Saleh Mohamed , Abdelaziz Tarek H. , Elbeshry Shady , Abdel-Hay Sameh , El-Ghoneimi Alaa , Zaki Ahmad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractConjoined twining is one of the most fascinating and challenging situations which a pediatric surgeon may face in his career. Only few surgeons may have the opportunity to share in separation of such cases. In this report, we aim to share our experience with the successful separation of ventrally fused male conjoined twins (omphaloischiopagus). The case was thoroughly studied via preoperative cross-sectional imaging modalities (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and computed tomography [CT] angiography), complemented by data obtained from reviewing similar cases in the literature. A clear delineation of the complex anatomy was achieved preoperatively which proved to be well consistent with the operative findings. A detailed description of the operative procedure to divide/redistribute the shared abdominal/pelvic organs between both twins is provided. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the detailed and unique internal anatomy of a common central phallus associating ischiopagus conjoined twins. The penis was centrally located in the perineum in between both twins with an open urethral plate. This common phallus had a peculiar configuration with four crura anchoring ischial bones of both twins together.
Influential Studies in Orthopaedic Platelet-Rich Plasma Research Are Recent and Consist of High Levels of Evidence: A Review of the Top 50 Most Cited Publications
Authors: Oeding Jacob F. , Lansdown Drew A. , Leucht Philipp , Bosco Joseph A. , Konopka Jaclyn , Lajam Claudette M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has garnered widespread and increasing attention in recent years. We aimed to characterize the most influential articles in PRP research while clarifying controversies surrounding its use and clinical efficacy and identifying important areas on which to focus future research efforts. The Science Citation Index Expanded subsection of the Web of Science Core Collection was systematically searched to identify the top 50 cited publications on orthopedic PRP research. Publication and study characteristics were extracted, and Spearman's correlations were calculated to assess the relationship between citation data and level of evidence. The top 50 articles were published between the years 2005 and 2016, with 68% published in the year 2010 or later. Of the 33 studies for which level of evidence was assessed, the majority were of level I or II (18, 54.5%). Seventeen articles (34%) were classified as basic science. All clinical studies were prospective, and most (12 studies, 60%) included a high number of metrics related to the PRP preparation protocol and composition. Knee osteoarthritis was the most common topic among clinical studies in the top 50 cited articles (11 studies, 34%). More recent articles were associated with higher citation rates (ρ = 0.46, p < 0.001). The most influential articles on orthopaedic PRP research are recent and consist of high–level of evidence studies mostly. Randomized controlled trials were the most common study type, while basic science articles were relatively less common. The most influential clinical studies reported a high number of metrics related to their PRP preparation protocol and the final PRP composition. These results suggest a rapidly evolving field with the potential to better explain inconsistent clinical results with improved understanding and documentation of basic science concepts such as PRP composition, preparation, and combination techniques.
Agro-sphere determinants of green branding: eco-consumption, loyalty, and price premium
Authors: Danko Yuriy , Nifatova Olena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis research is devoted to the determinants of green branding in the agro-sphere. The existence of competition between regular and green brands in the agricultural sector has necessitated the determination of the degree of influence of green branding on the formation of consumer loyalty in order to understand the effectiveness and feasibility of such practices among agricultural producers. Previous research in the study of green branding has not focused on the factors studied influencing the level of consumption of organic products or the factors influencing the size of the price premium for green brands. In this study, the influence of green branding on the loyalty of consumers of the eco-market was determined on the basis of a comparison of integrated indicators of satisfaction and importance of the regular brand and green brands by an expert survey of 250 respondents in five supermarkets in Kyiv (Ukraine). In the example comparing the coefficients of consumer loyalty of eggs of the eco-brand and the regular brand, it was found that the rate of consumer loyalty to the eco-brand exceeded the rate of consumer loyalty to the regular brand by 3%. It was established that the size of the price premium of a green brand is determined by such factors as consumer loyalty, availability of organic certificates, costs of green advertising, additional cost of organic products, average profitability of the industry, and average income of consumers. Based on cluster and discriminant analysis, green brands were divided into three levels of price premium: “high”, “medium”, and “low.” Discriminant equations for each cluster according to the level of price premium were constructed. Such equations make it possible to assign a new object of analysis (a new brand) to a certain classificational price category. The current study proves the feasibility and economic and statistical validity of the impact of green branding on consumer loyalty in the agricultural sector. The study has significant implications for brand management by providing empirical evidence that can improve brand managers’ strategic decisions in determining the level of price premium.
Resonant electron capture by 5-Br-2′-deoxyuridine
Authors: Shchukin P. V. , Muftakhov M. V. , Khatymov R. V. , Tuktarov R. F. 
Published: March 2022

The results of the study of resonant electron capture by molecules of 5-Br-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdUrd) over the range of electron energies from near zero to 14 eV are described. In the thermal energy range, long-lived molecular negative ions, unstable with respect to autoneutralization and dehalogenation, have been registered. Examination of the kinetics of these decay processes led us to the conclusion that the most probable structure for molecular negative ions is that with an extended C–Br bond, which was predicted earlier using quantum-chemical calculations. Estimates have shown that the BrdUrd molecule owns a significant electronic affinity of 0.93–1.38 eV. The most intense fragmentation channel leads to the abundant formation of Br− ions. The dissociative electron attachment cross section for Br− ions formation was estimated to amount to no less than 1.65 × 10−15 cm2, indirectly implying a fairly intense formation of complementary highly reactive deoxyuridine-5-yl particles. These particles are known to be responsible for the radiosensitizing properties of BrdUrd.