bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seizures and alcohol withdrawal: A literature review
Authors: Gonçalves M. , Félix F. , Romão J. , André R. , Sereijo C. , Ismail F. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSeizures occur in about 3% cases of alcohol withdrawal. They usually appear within 48 hours after abrupt cessation, and are characterized by a reduction in seizure threshold secondary to adaptation to alcohol. More than 50% of individuals will experience a new seizure and in 5% of these cases, progression to a sustained epilepticus status can occur.ObjectivesThe aim is to do a review of the literature on alcohol withdrawal and the onset of seizures in individuals with alcohol addiction.MethodsA literature review was conducted using the PubMed search database.ResultsAlcohol is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant and chronic consumption causes neuroadaptation in order to maintain homeostasis. This adaptation involves the upregulation of excitatory neurotransmitters systems and the downregulation of inhibitory ones. When consumption is abruptly discontinued, the depressive contribution of alcohol to a previously established balance is disrupted, resulting in withdrawal symptoms associated to a generalized CNS’ hyperexcitability state.Critical episodes increase the risk of delirium tremens, a fatal condition in 20% of untreated cases. Thus, the treatment and prevention of seizure recurrences is essential: the clinical guidelines of the American Society of Addiction Medicine 2020, offer an action proposal. Pharmacological therapy after seizures is the preferential treatment: intravenous administration of fast-acting benzodiazepines (lorazepam and diazepam) is the first line treatment.ConclusionsIt is essential to monitor signs and symptoms that alert us to the appearance of seizures associated to alcohol withdrawal, effectively treat these cases, prevent recurrences, and provide a quality follow-up for these patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Anxiety and Depression Disorder Among Young Cannabis Users in Tunisia
Authors: Brahim S. , Henia M. , Haj Mohamed A. , Chabbouh M. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe use of cannabis is likely to increase as regulations on its consumption are diminishing throughout the world.Objectivesto identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in a group of cannabis users in Tunisia.Methodsthis a transversal descriptive study about 137 participants in the University Hospital Of Mahdia during 2 months.ResultsIn our study population , the consumers were young adults aged between 18 and 35 years old ,of whom 40.8% were professionally active, 23.2% had psychiatric history. Moreover, the use of other substances was regular among users as follows: tobacco among 74.6% of users, alcohol among 72.5% of users, ecstasy among 41.3% of users, cocaine among 25.4% of users. The use of cannabis was considered as a means of exultation for 66.7%, as an anxiolytic for 26.8% and as a sedative for 23.9%. Overall, the effect of cannabis use on anxiety and depression on the HAD scale showed the following results: probable anxiety in 53% of cases, probable state of depression in 72% of time.ConclusionsThe correlation between cannabis use, anxiety and depression remains unclear. Equally concluded, the assumption of self-medication by cannabis stills a topic of discussion.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Schizoaffective disorder induced by substance abuse: a case report
Authors: García Carpintero A. , Rodado León B. , Bermejo Pastor A. , Jiménez Cabañas M. , Ponte López T. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWe present the case of a 33-year old man that suffer chronic cocaine and cannabis use since adolescence and at age of 25 develops depressive symptoms and later psychotic symptoms not congruent with mood state. He met criteria for schizoaffective disorder at that moment and was treated with antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs, improving symptomatology even without stopping completely substance use.ObjectivesTo study the relationship between schizoaffective disorder and cannabis and cocaine use, including the neurobiological disturbance secondary to these drugs that can lead to the development of this disorder and the relevance of diagnosing it in context of active substance use.MethodsWe carried out a literature review of scientific papers in Medline data base. We used the following terms: “Schizoaffective disorder” “cocaine use” and “cannabis use”. We considered English and Spanish papers for the last 5 years.ResultsAfter 4 months of cocaine withdrawal and 1 month of cannabis withdrawal, the patient progressively improved depressive and positive psychotic symptoms. However, we reported the persistence of negative symptoms as psychomotor slowdown and cognitive and affective flattening.ConclusionsThe use of cocaine and cannabis is related to depressive and psychotic symptoms in intoxication and can also precipitate chronic psychotic and affective disorders. Induced schizoaffective disorder has not been widely described in literature. Our patient could be a case of schizoaffective induced disorder, but we should consider other pathogenic factors, differential diagnosis and clinical evolution in permanent withdrawal to confirm this diagnosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Effectiveness of an Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention for Low-Income Clients Drinking at a High-Risk Level in Social Service Settings
Authors: Kim Y. , Chung S.K. , Choi E.S. , Park S.Y. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcohol screening and brief interventions (ASBIs) for risky drinkers are known to reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. The present study was the first to investigate the effectiveness of an ASBI for high-risk drinkers of low socioeconomic status (SES) in the Korean community social service setting.Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an ASBI for clients in community social service settings in South Korea.Methods
A total of 153 clients in social service agencies participated in this study. Clients in the experimental group received alcohol use screening and two sessions of brief motivational interventions (MI). Clients in the comparison group received alcohol problems screening test only. Primary outcome variable was the amount of weekly alcohol consumption, which was measured once before the intervention and three times after the intervention.ResultsWhen analyses were conducted separately for participants from the self-sufficiency centers and those from the community welfare centers, there was a significant time and group interaction effects. The amount of weekly alcohol consumption of the experimental group was gradually reduced over time. However, the amount of the comparison group was reduced at the four-week follow-up but was increased both at the eight-week and 12-week follow-ups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the need to provide training and education in the ASBI to social service workers working with the underprivileged, as such training would increase the identification of alcohol-related risks of the people most vulnerable to alcohol-related problems.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Internet Use Related to Suicidal Thoughts and Help-Seeking – Preliminary Results of a Study with Depressive Patients
Authors: Voros V. , Szabo Z. , Torma E. , Nagy A. , Fekete J. , Tényi T. , Fekete S. , Osvath P. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSuicide-related Internet use is becoming more common, and many research study its potential risks and benefits.ObjectivesData on suicidal thoughts and Internet use of patients with depressive disorders were collected to assess their suicide-related Internet use and its relation to help-seeking preferences.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were completed to assess Internet use patterns and suicidal thoughts among patients treated with depressive disorders, and preferred forms of help-seeking were also examined.Results

113 patients completed the interviews, most of them spend more hours a day using the Internet. More than 80% came across suicide-related contents while browsing, a quarter reported specific search for suicidal contents. In case of suicidal thoughts, three-quarters of depressed patients would seek help from a mental health professional, two-thirds from their partners, half from friends, and nearly one-third from parents, other relatives or from GPs. Most patients would prefer offline (personal) help for their psychological problems and suicidal thoughts, online methods were less preferred, with only one-fifth choosing these options. However, a third of them also considered it probable that they would not ask anyone for help.ConclusionsDespite of the frequent use of the Internet, online help-seeking is less common in depressive patients. However, in the times of pandemic, online help facilities may provide an opportunity to prevent suicidal behavior for those, who have suicidal thoughts and use the Internet regularly, especially searching for suicide-related contents. In the future, further research is needed to develop more effective online suicide prevention programs and applications.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Cancer diagnosis and suicide outcomes: prevalence and risk meta-analysis
Authors: Peviani G. , Casu D. , Mansi W. , De Prisco M. , Madeddu F. , López-Castroman J. , Fornaro M. , Calati R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAvailable meta-analytic evidence suggests an increased risk of suicide among cancer patients, although most of the reports focused on the sole suicide death (SD) outcome and they are usually hampered by significant between-study heterogeneity.ObjectivesThe present meta-analysis aimed at assessing the prevalence and risk rates of SD, suicide attempt (SA), and suicidal ideation (SI) among cancer patients.MethodsSystematic search up to April 2021 of observational studies documenting cancer and suicide outcomes associations. Pooled prevalence estimates, odd ratios (ORs), risk ratios (RRs), and hazard ratios (HRs) of SD, SA, and SI were computed according to the random-effects model. SD prevalence underwent cumulative and sub-group analyses for different variables. Risk estimates underwent sensitivity analysis for study design.ResultsOverall, thirty-nine studies were included. A higher risk of SD based on HR, SA based on OR and HR, and SI based on each measure was recorded among cancer patients versus controls. OR and RR of SD were not significant. Pooled prevalence rates of SD, SA and SI among cancer patients were 1.9% (1.1-3.1%), 1.4% (0.3-7.1%), and 9.1% (5.8-14.0%), respectively. Although high between-study heterogeneity held upon sensitivity and sub-group analyses, the overall message brought by risk analyses likewise held true. Age, country, study design, cancer type, sample size, cases type and comparison affected SD prevalence estimates in cancer patients. SD prevalence decreased over time.ConclusionsCancer patients face higher risk for SA and SI versus controls. SD’ results were controversial. Cancer patients have higher prevalence rates of suicide outcomes compared to the general population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Metabolic disturbances are associated with psychiatric readmission: results from a Swiss psychiatric cohort
Authors: Laaboub N. , Gholam M. , Dubath C. , Grosu C. , Piras M. , Von Plessen K. , Von Gunten A. , Conus P. , Preisig M. , Eap C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHigh BMI has been associated with psychiatric rehospitalisation.ObjectivesWe aimed to replicate this finding in a large Swiss psychiatric cohort and to examine whether other metabolic disturbances are independently associated with psychiatric readmission.Methods
Data on 16’727 hospitalizations of 7’786 patients admitted between January 1st, 2007 and December 31st, 2019 at the Department of Psychiatry of the Lausanne University Hospital, were collected. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to International Diabetes Federation definition. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used to investigate the associations between psychiatric readmission and metabolic syndrome and/or its five components.Results
The readmitted population (N=2’935; 37.7% patients) had higher BMI, and were more likely to have central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension. Multivariate analyses confirmed that having a BMI ≥ 25 kg.m-2 was associated with psychiatric readmission (25 kg.m-2≤ BMI< 30 kg.m-2: OR = 1.88; 95%CI [1.55-2.29]; BMI≥30 kg.m-2: OR = 3.5; 95%CI [2.85-4.30]) when compared to patients with 18.5≤BMI<25 kg.m-2. Interestingly, novel factors associated with readmission were identified including metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.57, 95%CI [1.05-2.33]), central obesity (OR = 1.81, 95%CI [1.33-2.46]), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.59; 95%CI [1.38-1.83]), HDL hypocholesterolemia (OR = 1.22; 95%CI [1.06-1.40]) and hyperglycemia (OR = 1.58; 95%CI [1.35-1.85]).Conclusions
Metabolic syndrome, central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, HDL hypocholesterolemia, hyperglycemia and obesity were associated with psychiatric readmission. Possible causes will be presented and discussed (e.g. reduced adherence to treatment in patients with metabolic disorders, multiple psychotropic treatments in non-responders increasing the risk of metabolic worsening).DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Formation of reflexive skills as prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents
Authors: Galiautdinova N. , Galyautdinova S. , Galyautdinova L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAn important task of psychiatrists and psychologists is the prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescents.ObjectivesHighlighting the stages of the formation of reflexive skills for the development of training sessions on the prevention of adolescent suicide.MethodsAnalysis of the results of theoretical and empirical studies of reflection and suicide by psychiatrists and psychologists.ResultsReflexive skills are a system of deliberate actions aimed at understanding and evaluating “I” and one’s own behavior. Theoretical analysis made it possible to distinguish three stages in the formation of reflexive skills. EMOTIONAL - evaluation of “I” as the basis of positive emotions. COGNITIVE - understanding (awareness) of one’s own capabilities for solving a problem. OPERATIONAL - solving a problem based on an assessment of the “I” and an understanding of their capabilities.ConclusionsThe identification of three stages of the formation of reflexive skills, as prevention of adolescent suicide, makes it possible to develop an effective training program for adolescents at risk in the Centers for psychiatric and psychological assistance.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Specialized Treatment applied for suicide prevention
Authors: Jaber J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSuicide can be defined as a deliberate act performed by the individual, whose intention is the death, in a conscious, intentional, even if ambivalent way, using a means that he believes to be lethal. They are also part of what we usually call suicidal behavior: thoughts, plans and attempted suicide.ObjectivesPrevention is a critical step in treating suicidal behavior. Create strategies to reduce and treat the ideation, planning and suicide attempt.MethodsBased on a large increase in the number of people who present ideas, plan and attempt suicide, the Clinic created techniques for the treatment of inpatients: Life Appreciation Group, Groups applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Group Dynamics, Lectures, Art Therapy and Physical activities .ResultsThe actions are developed by a multidisciplinary team that is divided by applying the various techniques and participating in all the proposed activities.ConclusionsPatients who remained hospitalized fully complying with the suggested treatment and left with medical discharge had full benefit, unlike some cases of patients removed by the family against our indication.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Incidence rates of suicide attempts and self-harm in Europe. What can we learn? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jakobsen S. , Christiansen E. , Andersen P. , Lauritsen J. , Stenager E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDefinitions used for suicide attempts and self-harm have been discussed for many years and is used differently in European countries, sometimes even interchangeably. Therefore, it is difficult to compare relevant rates across nations.ObjectivesThis study aims at estimating the rate of suicide attempts and self-harm in chosen European countries in the more recent years when distinguishing between applied definitions.MethodsA systematic search for relevant articles published between 2010-2020 will be performed in databases such as PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Only articles in English or Danish will be included. Data will be collected for all age groups above 15 years of age. The prevalence of suicide attempts and self-harm will be calculated by a random effect model. Subgroup analyses will be performed to compare the rates according to age.Resultsfrom the performed systematic review and meta-study will be presented at the conference.ConclusionsThe conclusion will be presented when results have been analysed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Suicidal risks in state of alcoholic drunkenness
Authors: Baranskaya L. , Babyshkina Y. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe last two decades have seen the timeliness of studying the connection between suicides and drunkennessObjectivesTo evaluate the significance of suicidal risk factors in patients who had committed suicides while being under the effect of alcohol so as to be able to forecast suicidal risks and prevent suicides within this groupMethodsThe authors have carried out an analysis of medical documentation of suicides committed in the Sverdlovsk region. The data on suicides has been taken from forensic expertise acts. The following factors have been taken into account: age, gender, social status of suicide victim, supplementary somatic pathology, and concentration of alcohol in the victim’s bloodResultsAlcoholic addiction is a behavioral indicator of suicidal risk. The level of suicidal activity in persons with the syndrome of alcoholic addiction is much higher than within the general populace. The age of 25-49 is the peak of suicidal attempts among patients with chronic alcoholism. Genuine suicides prevail during the first stage of chronic alcoholism. The patients are inclined to demonstrate pathological suicidal reactions to social misplacement that show themselves in the form of conflicts within the family and at work. In addition to genuine suicidal attempts made by males in the state of abstinenceConclusionsThe results received confirm the role of the alcoholic factor in the formation of suicidal behavior and have the aim of elaborating new forms and methods to help prevent suicides committed in the state of alcoholic drunkennessDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Moral Injury and Suicide Ideation Among Combat Veterans: The Role of Trauma-Related Shame and Collective Hatred
Authors: Levi-Belz Y. , Zerach G. , Schwartz G. , Halperin E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionExposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) among combat veterans has been acknowledged as a significant stressful combat event that may lead to mental health problems, including suicide ideation (SI). Several studies have examined the risk and protective factors that can explain the conditions in which PMIEs may contribute to the development and maintenance of SI. However, the contribution of social-emotional factors has yet to be examined.ObjectivesIn the current study, we examined the association between PMIE-Self and SI among combat veterans and explored the mediating role of trauma-related shame and the moderation role of collective hatred in this association.MethodsA volunteer sample of 336 Israeli combat veterans was recruited, completing self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional study.Results
indicated that PMIE-Self was positively associated with SI, and trauma-related shame mediated this association. Moreover, collective hatred moderated both their direct (PMIE -SI) and indirect (PMIE-Shame-SI) association. Notably, collective hatred had an inverse role for each of the associations. Thus, collective hatred was found to comprise both a risk and a protective factor for SI following PMIE-Self.ConclusionsThe current findings highlight the crucial contribution of trauma-related shame and collective hatred to the association between moral injury and suicidality. Moreover, the findings demonstrate that even years after their military service release, combat veterans exposed to PMIEs may still feel consumed by painful memories and maintain premonitions of a foreshortened future. Furthermore, the findings help to better understand the dynamics of collective hatred and the challenge of modifying it.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Reflections on the production and use of interviews as a learning tool in educational podcasts for medical undergraduates
Authors: James S. , Awolesi T. , De Souza S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe therapeutic interview is one of the cornerstones of psychiatric practice. When practitioners are skilled in the art of interviewing, patients are allowed to share their narratives and explore their emotions, while the clinician can diagnose and treat more effectively. Discussions with colleagues can be used to share knowledge and experience. As part of a student project undertaken in Summer 2021, two students were tasked with producing a series of educational podcasts to be used for psychiatric training. Both students chose to complete several interviews with professionals in psychiatry. In this study, they will reflect on the efficacy of interviews as a learning tool, their experiences of podcast interviewing, and the transferable skills that they learned.ObjectivesTo reflect on the use of interviews within podcasts and how this can be transferred to practice.MethodsBased on the literature review, medical students conducted interviews with specialist clinicians in order to gain information around patient treatment. They then reflected on this experience.ResultsThe practice of interviewing allowed for the development of a range of skills. It improved communication with senior professionals, provided a deeper knowledge of different psychiatric fields, and developed the written skills needed for the creation of engaging questions.ConclusionsInterviews are a useful tool in educational podcasts and producing these helped medical students gain specialist insight and learning into different medical fields not thoroughly covered in the undergraduate curriculum. Producing the podcasts helped to develop the key skill of interviewing and communicating with more senior colleagues.DisclosureNo significant relationships.