bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after two and three doses of vaccine in B-cell malignancies: UK PROSECO study
Authors: Lim Sean H. , Stuart Beth , Joseph-Pietras Debora , Johnson Marina , Campbell Nicola , Kelly Adam , Jeffrey Danielle , Turaj Anna H. , Rolfvondenbaumen Kate , Galloway Celine , Wynn Thomas , Coleman Adam R. , Ward Benjamin , Long Karen , Coleman Helen , Mundy Carina , Bates Andrew T. , Ayres Diana , Lown Robert , Falconer Janlyn , Brake Oliver , Batchelor James , Willimott Victoria , Bowzyk Al-Naeeb Anna , Robinson Lisa , O’Callaghan Ann , Collins Graham P. , Menne Tobias , Faust Saul N. , Fox Christopher P. , Ahearne Matthew , Johnson Peter W. M. , Davies Andrew J. , Goldblatt David 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPatients with hematological malignancies are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes due to compromised immune responses, but the insights of these studies have been compromised due to intrinsic limitations in study design. Here we present the PROSECO prospective observational study (NCT04858568) on 457 patients with lymphoma that received two or three COVID-19 vaccine doses. We show undetectable humoral responses following two vaccine doses in 52% of patients undergoing active anticancer treatment. Moreover, 60% of patients on anti-CD20 therapy had undetectable antibodies following full vaccination within 12 months of receiving their anticancer therapy. However, 70% of individuals with indolent B-cell lymphoma displayed improved antibody responses following booster vaccination. Notably, 63% of all patients displayed antigen-specific T-cell responses, which increased after a third dose irrespective of their cancer treatment status. Our results emphasize the urgency of careful monitoring of COVID-19-specific immune responses to guide vaccination schemes in these vulnerable populations.
Development of an inertial piezoelectric pump with separable chamber
Authors: Li Longhai , Hou Yi , Hu Dianbin , Hu Renhui , He Lipeng , Cheng Guangming 
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an inertial pump with rectangular piezoelectric actuators. The mass block adhered at the free end of the actuator increases the actuator deformation, and the pump chamber is separable. Theoretical and experimental analyses are conducted. The different drive modes with the mass block, different excitation electric signals, and their influence on the performance of the piezoelectric pump are investigated. The drive mode is divided into the mass block adhered with two rectangular piezoelectric actuators, one of the actuators, and actuators without mass blocks. The square wave, sine wave, and triangle wave constitute different excitation electric signals. The experimental results prove that the pump with the mass block adhered with two rectangular piezoelectric actuators and driven by the square wave has a wide working frequency range and high performance. The highest flow rate reached is 72 ml/min at 160 V, 20 Hz. The pump with the mass block adhered with one of the actuators and driven by the square wave generates the loudest noise of 97.6 dB at 160 V, 35 Hz.
Exploring Technologies to Better Link Physical Evidence and Digital Information for Disaster Victim Identification
Authors: Lovell David , Vella Kellie , Muñoz Diego , McKague Matt , Brereton Margot , Ellis Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Disaster victim identification (DVI) entails a protracted process of evidence collection and data matching to reconcile physical remains with victim identity. Technology is critical to DVI by enabling the linkage of physical evidence to information. However, labelling physical remains and collecting data at the scene are dominated by low-technology paper-based practices. We ask, how can technology help us tag and track the victims of disaster? Our response to this question has two parts. First, we conducted a human–computer interaction led investigation into the systematic factors impacting DVI tagging and tracking processes. Through interviews with Australian DVI practitioners, we explored how technologies to improve linkage might fit with prevailing work practices and preferences; practical and social considerations; and existing systems and processes. We focused on tagging and tracking activities throughout the DVI process. Using insights from these interviews and relevant literature, we identified four critical themes: protocols and training; stress and stressors; the plurality of information capture and management systems; and practicalities and constraints. Second, these findings were iteratively discussed by the authors, who have combined expertise across electronics, data science, cybersecurity, human–computer interaction and forensic pathology. We applied the themes identified in the first part of the investigation to critically review technologies that could support DVI practitioners by enhancing DVI processes that link physical evidence to information. This resulted in an overview of candidate technologies matched with consideration of their key attributes. This study recognises the importance of considering human factors that can affect technology adoption into existing practices. Consequently, we provide a searchable table (as Supplementary information) that relates technologies to the key considerations and attributes relevant to DVI practice, for readers to apply to their own context. While this research directly contributes to DVI, it also has applications to other domains in which a physical/digital linkage is required, and particularly within high stress environments with little room for error. Key PointsDisaster victim identification (DVI) processes require us to link physical evidence and digital information. While technology could improve this linkage, experience shows that technological “solutions” are not always adopted in practice.Our study of the practices, preferences and contexts of Australian DVI practitioners suggests 10 critical considerations for these technologies.We review and evaluate 44 candidate technologies against these considerations and highlight the role of human factors in adoption.
An improved sparsity-enhanced decomposition signal method based on GMC and TQWT for rolling bearing faults
Authors: Zhang Yong , Ye Junjie , He Wangpeng , Cai Gaigai , Hu Jie , Shi Baoquan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Mechanical equipment is always exposed to poor working environments, such as high humidity, high temperature and heavy loads, which may lead to serious damage in key components. It is critical to identify the initial fault in time to avoid huge economic losses and casualties. In extracting the fault characteristics of a rolling bearing, its characteristic frequency is always disturbed by strong noise. In order to accurately separate the fault features from the strong noisy signal, an improved sparsity-enhanced decomposition signal method using the nonconvex penalty term of generalized minimax-concave and the dictionary term of tunable Q-factor wavelet transform is presented in this paper. An adaptive method for selecting regularization parameters is presented to subtly minimize the signal-to-noise ratio and root mean square error. Moreover, in order to reduce calculation cost, the forward–backward splitting algorithm is employed to maintain the convexity of the proposed sparsity. A simulation study and two practical fault experiments are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in rolling bearing faults.
Fabrication and magnetoelectric investigation of flexible PVDF-TrFE/cobalt ferrite nanocomposite films
Authors: Sapkota Bedanga , Hasan Md Tanvir , Martin Alix , Mahbub Rifat , Shield Jeffrey E , Rangari Vijaya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flexible nanocomposite films, with cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFN) as the ferromagnetic component and polyvinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer as the ferroelectric matrix, were fabricated using a blade coating technique. Nanocomposite films were prepared using a two-step process; the first process involves the synthesis of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles using a sonochemical method, and then incorporation of various weight percentages (0, 2.5, 5, and 10%) of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles into the PVDF-TrFE to form nanocomposites. The ferroelectric polar β phase of PVDF-TrFE was confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal studies of films showed notable improvement in the thermal properties of the nanocomposite films with the incorporation of nanoparticles. The ferroelectric properties of the pure polymer/composite films were studied, showing a significant improvement of maximum polarization upon 5wt% CFN loading in PVDF-TrFE composite films compared to the PVDF-TrFE film. The magnetic properties of as-synthesized CFN and the polymer nanocomposites were studied, showing a magnetic saturation of 53.7 emu g−1 at room temperature, while 10% cobalt ferrite-(PVDF-TrFE) nanocomposite shows 27.6 emu/g. We also describe a process for fabricating high optical quality pure PVDF-TrFE and pinhole-free nanocomposite films. Finally, the mechanical studies revealed that the mechanical strength of the films increases up to 5 wt% loading of the nanoparticles in the copolymer matrix and then decreases. This signifies that the obtained films could be suited for flexible electronics.
Microwave-induced thermoacoustic signal characteristics in a dynamic temperature environment
Authors: Evans Audrey L , Ma Chu , Hagness Susan C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We conduct a simulation-based study to investigate the impact of a dynamic temperature environment on the characteristics of microwave-induced thermoacoustic signals. We investigate thermoacoustic signals that are generated using an interstitial microwave ablation antenna powered by a microsecond pulsed microwave source. Two temperature regimes are examined: first, a spatially uniform temperature throughout the medium to experimentally validate the simulation model, and second, the realistic, spatially nonuniform temperature profiles that arise during microwave ablation. We employ a multi-physics model that considers electromagnetics, heat transfer, and acoustic physics to simulate the coupled processes of microwave absorption and heating of the medium and thermoacoustic signal generation and propagation. An interstitial coaxial antenna is used to generate microsecond microwave pulses that simultaneously induce microwave heating and excite thermoacoustic signals via microwave pulse absorption. We find that thermoacoustic signal characteristics are highly temperature-dependent and thus change significantly within an environment where temperature varies through space and time. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent properties within the active region of the antenna drive the evolution of thermoacoustic signal characteristics. Temperature-dependent thermoacoustic signal characteristics can be exploited to track the progress of microwave ablation. Consequently, microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging is a promising method for monitoring microwave ablation in real-time.
Plug-and-play adaptive optics for two photon high-speed volumetric imaging
Authors: Chung Chang-Ling , Furieri Tommaso , Lin Jyun-Yi , Chang Ting-Chen , Lee Jye-Chang , Chen Yi-Fan , Pan Ming-Kai , Bonora Stefano , Chu Shi-Wei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To understand brain functions, it is important to study functional connectivity among stereoscopically distributed neurons. Since the brain is composed of 3D neuron networks, volumetric imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution is highly desirable. Two-photon microscopy (2PM) conveniently offers 3D tissue imaging with sub-micrometer resolution based on its intrinsic optical sectioning and deep penetration capabilities. However, the main challenge lies in the volumetric imaging speed and contrast reduction in deep tissue due to aberration. In this study, we integrate a tunable acoustic gradient lens and a plug-and-play adaptive-optics lens into 2PM. The former provides ∼100 kHz axial scan rate, achieving volumetric imaging rate in 1–10 Hz range, while the latter enhances image contrast by nearly two-fold in deep brain regions via correcting both systematic and sample aberrations. The combination offers a practical approach toward high-speed, high-contrast optical volumetric imaging of brain tissues.
Right fronto-parietal networks mediate the neurocognitive benefits of enriched environments
Authors: Brosnan Méadhbh B. , Shalev Nir , Ramduny Jivesh , Sotiropoulos Stamatios N. , Chechlacz Magdalena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExposure to enriched environments throughout a lifetime, providing so-called reserve, protects against cognitive decline in later years. It has been hypothesized that high levels of alertness necessitated by enriched environments might strengthen the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate this neurocognitive resilience. We have previously shown that enriched environments offset age-related deficits in selective attention by preserving grey matter within right fronto-parietal regions. Here, using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, we examined the relationship between enriched environments, microstructural properties of fronto-parietal white matter association pathways (three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus), structural brain health (atrophy), and attention (alertness, orienting and executive control) in a group of older adults. We show that exposure to enriched environments is associated with a lower orientation dispersion index within the right superior longitudinal fasciculus 1 which in turn mediates the relationship between enriched environments and alertness, as well as grey and white matter atrophy. This suggests that enriched environments may induce white matter plasticity (and prevent age-related dispersion of axons) within the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate the preservation of neurocognitive health in later years.
IL-36γ in enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its association with disease activity
Authors: Majumder Sanjukta , Guleria Shivika , Aggarwal Amita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
IL-36 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies (SpA) like psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease. Enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a form of juvenile SpA, however, no data is available on the role of IL-36 in this disease. IL-36α, β, γ and IL-36R mRNA expression in blood and synovial fluid mononuclear cells and IL-36α, γ, IL-36Ra, IL-6, and IL-17 levels were measured in serum and synovial fluid (SF). IL-36γ production by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) upon stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines and its effect on FLS were also studied. mRNA levels of IL-36α, IL-36γ, and IL-36R were increased in PBMCs of ERA patients as compared to healthy controls however only IL-36γ was measurable in the serum of one-third of patients. In SFMCs, all four mRNA were detectable but were lower than RA patients. SF IL-36γ levels correlated with disease activity score (r = 0.51, P &lt; 0.0001), SF IL-6 (r = 0.4, P = 0.0063) and IL-17 levels (r = 0.57, P = 0.0018). Pro-inflammatory cytokines increased the expression of IL-36γ and IL-6 in FLS cultures. SFs from five ERA patients also increased expressions of IL-36γ and IL-6 in FLS which could be blocked by using IL-36Ra. This suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines aid in the upregulation of IL-36γ which in turn may upregulate the expression of IL-6. This might lead to a positive feedback loop of inflammation in ERA. Association of SF levels of IL-36γ with disease activity further supports this possibility. IL-36Ra based therapy may have a role in ERA.
Hepatitis B Virus-related Care Quality in Patients With Hepatitis B/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Versus Hepatitis B Monoinfection: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Lee Tzu-Hao , Hunt Christine M , Maier Marissa M , Lowy Elliott , Beste Lauren A 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundGuideline-adherent hepatitis B virus (HBV) care is critical for patients with HBV, particularly patients with HBV-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) given increased risks of liver-related complications. However, a comprehensive assessment of HBV-related care in patients with HBV-HIV is lacking.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed adherence to HBV-related care guidelines in all patients with HBV-HIV and HBV monoinfection (HBV-M) in the national Veterans Health Administration healthcare system in 2019.ResultsWe identified 1021 patients with HBV-HIV among 8323 veterans with chronic HBV. Adherence to HBV guidelines was similar or better in HBV-HIV versus HBV-M, including HBV treatment (97% vs 71%), biannual hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance (55% vs 55%) for patients with cirrhosis, hepatitis A virus screening (69% vs 56%), hepatitis C virus screening (100% vs 99%), and on-therapy alanine aminotransferase monitoring (95% vs 96%). Compared with those seeing gastroenterology (GI) or infectious diseases (ID) providers, patients without specialty care were less likely to receive antiviral treatment (none, 39%; GI, 80%; ID, 84%) or HCC surveillance (none, 16%; GI, 66%; ID, 47%). These findings persisted in multivariable analysis. Compared with ID care alone, a higher proportion of patients with HBV-HIV seen dually by GI and ID received HCC surveillance (GI + ID 73% vs ID 31%) and on-therapy HBV-DNA monitoring (GI + ID, 82%; ID, 68%).ConclusionsPatients with HBV-HIV received similar or higher rates of guideline-adherent HBV-related care than patients with HBV-M. Patients with HBV-HIV under dual GI and ID care achieved higher quality care compared with ID care alone. Specialty care was independently associated with higher quality HBV care in patients with HBV-HIV and HBV-M.
Two case reports of transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation of Sapien 3 and MyVal in degenerated biological tricuspid prosthesis valves
Authors: Jensen Rebekka Vibjerg , Jensen Jesper Khedri , Christiansen Evald Høj , Tang Mariann , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Terkelsen Christian Juhl 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with severe tricuspid valve stenosis or dysfunction following degeneration of biological valve prosthesis in tricuspid position are complex, have substantial comorbidity, and very high surgical risk.

Case summary
We report two cases with transcatheter tricuspid valve-in-valve implantation in patients with degenerated tricuspid bioprosthesis with transfemoral and transjugular access with Sapien 3 valve and MyVal, respectively.

Discussion
In patients with high surgical risk, transcatheter tricuspid valve implantation is a good alternative. Careful consideration of optimal access site, device size, and delivery system is paramount. This case report demonstrates technically feasible and safe transcatheter valve-in-valve implantantion in tricuspid position and highlights the importance of meticulous procedure planning.
Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI) in primary care: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial in England
Authors: Hill Nathan R , Groves Lara , Dickerson Carissa , Ochs Andreas , Pang Dong , Lawton Sarah , Hurst Michael , Pollock Kevin G , Sugrue Daniel M , Tsang Carmen , Arden Chris , Wyn Davies David , Martin Anne Celine , Sandler Belinda , Gordon Jason , Farooqui Usman , Clifton David , Mallen Christian , Rogers Jennifer , Camm Alan John , Cohen Alexander T 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aim of the PULsE-AI trial was to assess the effectiveness of a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm in conjunction with diagnostic testing for identifying undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) in primary care in England.

Methods and results
Eligible participants (aged ≥30 years without AF diagnosis; n = 23 745) from six general practices in England were randomized into intervention and control arms. Intervention arm participants, identified by the algorithm as high risk of undiagnosed AF (n = 944), were invited for diagnostic testing (n = 256 consented); those who did not accept the invitation, and all control arm participants, were managed routinely. The primary endpoint was the proportion of AF, atrial flutter, and fast atrial tachycardia diagnoses during the trial (June 2019–February 2021) in high-risk participants. Atrial fibrillation and related arrhythmias were diagnosed in 5.63% and 4.93% of high-risk participants in intervention and control arms, respectively {odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 1.15 (0.77–1.73), P = 0.486}. Among intervention arm participants who underwent diagnostic testing (28.1%), 9.41% received AF and related arrhythmia diagnoses [vs. 4.93% (control); OR (95% CI): 2.24 (1.31–3.73), P = 0.003].

Conclusion
The AF risk-prediction algorithm accurately identified high-risk participants in both arms. While the proportions of AF and related arrhythmia diagnoses were not significantly different between high-risk arms, intervention arm participants who underwent diagnostic testing were twice as likely to receive arrhythmia diagnoses compared with routine care. The algorithm could be a valuable tool to select primary care groups at high risk of undiagnosed AF who may benefit from diagnostic testing.
Of Zombies, Witches and Wizards – Tales of Sovereignty
Authors: Krieger Heike 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Don Herzog’s book Sovereignty RIP offers a tour d’horizon of one strand of sovereignty’s conceptual history and its changing meanings over time. It culminates in a ferocious call to bury the notion of sovereignty and replace it with concepts such as jurisdiction, authority and state. Based on insights from conceptual history, in particular about basic concepts, the review essay criticizes Herzog’s approach. It questions whether one can convincingly denounce the concept of sovereignty by relying predominantly on episodes from Anglo-American history as Herzog does. Instead, the essay tells two alternative stories in order to first argue that ignoring other narratives risks misunderstanding and misinterpreting the current re-rise of sovereignty-related discourses and that, second, sovereignty remains an important tool to understand how both the constitutional state and multilevel governance work. Eventually it would be more pernicious to discard the concept of sovereignty instead of engaging with it and confronting its diverging conceptions.