bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with antipsychotic use in non-psychotic depressed patients: results from a clinical multicenter survey
Authors: Zhou Jingjing , Zhu Tong , Zhu Xuequan , Galling Britta , Xiao Le 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The combination of antipsychotics is not well studied among non-psychotic major depressive disorder (MDD). This study aims to explore the antipsychotics use in this population and its associated factors.

Methods
This cross-sectional and multi-site study was conducted in 11 sites of China. one Thousand five hundred three eligible MDD patients after 8–12 weeks of antidepressant treatment were included consecutively. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic data and medical histories. The Chinese version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR), the Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) were used for patient self-rating. Logistic regression model was used to explore the associated factors that could potentially be influential for the use antipsychotic augmentation.

Results
Overall, quetiapine (43.4%) was the most commonly used as an adjunct to antidepressants, followed by olanzapine (38.8%). And antipsychotics were commonly combined with escitalopram (23.1%), venlafaxine (21.7%), sertraline (14.8%). The factors influencing the combination of antipsychotics in non-psychotic depressed patients included service setting (OR = 0.444; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 0.338–0.583), comorbidity of physical illness (OR = 1.704; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.274–2.278), PHQ level (OR = 0.680; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 0.548–0.844), SDS level (OR = 1.627; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.371–1.930) and antidepressants co-treatment (OR = 2.606; p < 0.001; 95%CI = 1.949–3.485).

Conclusions
Antipsychotics use is common among non-psychotic MDD patient. Service setting, comorbidity of physical illness, somatic symptoms, social functioning and engagement, and antidepressants co-treatment could be the factors associated with the antipsychotics use in MDD patients.
A cluster randomised controlled trial of a ward-based intervention to improve access to psychologically-informed care and psychological therapy for mental health in-patients
Authors: Berry Katherine , Raphael Jessica , Wilson Helen , Bucci Sandra , Drake Richard J , Edge Dawn , Emsley Richard , Gilworth Gill , Lovell Karina , Odebiyi Bolanle , Price Owen , Sutton Matt , Winter Rachel , Haddock Gillian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
There is good evidence that psychological interventions improve patient well-being and independent living, but patients on acute mental health wards often do not have access to evidence-based psychological therapies which are strongly advised by NICE guidance for severe mental health problems. The overall aim of this programme of work is to increase patient access to psychological therapies on acute mental health inpatient wards. Stage one of the programme (which is complete) aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to delivering therapy in these settings through a large qualitative study. The key output of stage one was an intervention protocol that is designed to be delivered on acute wards to increase patient access to psychologically-informed care and therapy. Stage two of the programme aims to test the effects of the intervention on patient wellbeing and serious incidents on the ward (primary outcomes), patient social functioning and symptoms, staff burnout, ward atmosphere from staff and patient perspectives and cost effectiveness of the intervention (secondary outcomes).

Methods
The study is a single blind, pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial and will recruit thirty-four wards across England that will be randomised to receive the new intervention plus treatment as usual, or treatment as usual only. Primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 6-month and 9-month follow-ups, with serious incidents on the ward collected at an additional 3-month follow-up.

Discussion
The key output will be a potentially effective and cost-effective ward-based psychological intervention that increases patient access to psychological therapy in inpatient settings, is feasible to deliver in inpatient settings and is acceptable to patients.

Trial Registration number
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03950388. Registered 15th May 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03950388
The impact of post-traumatic stress on the mental state of university hospital physicians – a cross sectional study
Authors: Bock Christian , Zimmermann Tanja , Kahl Kai G. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Hospital physicians have an increased risk for post-traumatic stress caused by work-related trauma. This study examines the frequency of reported traumatic events (TE), post-traumatic stress (PTS) and its possible consequences for the mental state and work ability of physicians at a university hospital.

Methods
As part of the mandatory psychological risk assessment, n = 145 physicians (n = 56 female; 38.6%) were examined at a university hospital in Germany in a cross sectional study. TE, PTS and symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed using the self-report questionnaires “Freiburger Screening Fragebogen to identify patients at risk for the development of a post-traumatic stress disorder in the group of severely injured patients” (PTBS-13), the “Patient Health Questionnaire” (PHQ-2) and the “Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale” (GAD-2). Work ability was assessed using a modified version of the questionnaire for workplace analysis (KFZA). The response rate was 52%.

Results
Traumatic events were experienced by n = 125 physicians (86.2%) throughout their whole career. Of these, 19 physicians (15.2%) reported PTS. PTS is reported by 12 of 56 female physicians (63.2%), compared to 7 of 89 reports of PTS by male physicians (36.8%). Physicians with PTS symptoms had higher depression scores (p = 0.007) compared to physicians without TE or with TE, but without PTS. Physicians with PTS reported significantly reduced work ability caused by constantly interrupted work (p = 0.03). Female gender was the greatest risk factor for the development of PTS. (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Physicians – especially females – with PTS may have an increased risk of developing depressive symptoms. Therefore, interventions aimed at reducing trauma-related stress symptoms may be helpful in improving mental health of hospital physicians. Further studies with more physicians from different hospitals are necessary to support the results.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist downregulation combined with hormone replacement therapy improves the reproductive outcome in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles for patients of advanced reproductive age with idiopathic recurrent implantation failure
Authors: Pan Dan , Yang Jie , Zhang Ni , Wang Lei , Li Na , Shi Juanzi , Zhou Hanying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
To determine whether gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist downregulation combined with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can improve the reproductive outcomes in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles for older patients (aged 36–43 years) with idiopathic recurrent implantation failure (RIF).

Methods
This retrospective cohort study involved 549 older patients undergoing their third cleavage-stage embryo or blastocyst transfer over a 5-year period (January 2015–December 2020) at Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital after in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Patients with known endometriosis or adenomyosis were excluded from the study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the endometrial preparation protocol: the natural cycle (NC) group (n = 65), the HRT group (n = 194), and the GnRH agonist downregulation combined with HRT cycle (GnRH agonist–HRT) group (n = 290). The primary outcome was the live birth rate, and the secondary outcomes were the clinical pregnancy, miscarriage, and ongoing pregnancy rates.

Results
The live birth rate in the GnRH agonist–HRT group (36.55%) was higher than that in the HRT group (22.16%) and NC group (16.92%) (P < 0.0001). Similarly, a logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders showed that the live birth rate was higher in the GnRH agonist–HRT group than in the HRT group (odds ratio, 0.594; 95% confidence interval, 0.381–0.926; P = 0.021) and NC group (odds ratio, 0.380; 95% confidence interval, 0.181–0.796; P = 0.010).

Conclusions
The GnRH agonist–HRT protocol improves the live birth rate in frozen–thawed embryo transfer cycles for patients of advanced reproductive age with RIF. We hypothesize that the GnRH agonist–HRT protocol enhances implantation-related factors and promotes optimal endometrial receptivity, leading to an improved live birth rate. These findings are also useful for further investigating the underlying mechanism of the GnRH agonist–HRT protocol in improving the reproductive outcomes for patients of advanced reproductive age with RIF.

Trial registration
This research protocol was approved by the hospital institutional ethics committee (No. 2021002).
Alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolome profiles of septic rats treated with aminophylline
Authors: Li Yuanzhe , Zhao Huayan , Sun Guiying , Duan Yongtao , Guo Yanjun , Xie Lina , Ding Xianfei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe treatment of sepsis remains a major challenge worldwide. Aminophylline has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects; however, the role of aminophylline in sepsis, a disease characterized by immune dysregulation, is unknown. In this study, we combined microbiome sequencing and metabolomic assays to investigate the effect of aminophylline administration on the intestinal flora and metabolites in septic rats. Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: a sham-operated (SC) group, a sepsis model (CLP) group and a CLP + aminophylline treatment (Amino) group. The intestinal flora and metabolic profile of rats in the CLP group were significantly different than those of the SC group, while aminophylline administration resulted in a return to a state similar to healthy rats. Differential abundance analysis showed that aminophylline significantly back-regulated the abundance ofFirmicutes,unidentified_Bacteria,Proteobacteria,Lactobacillus,Escherichia-Shigellaand other dominant bacteria (P < 0.05) and altered chenodeoxycholic acid, isolithocholic acid and a total of 26 metabolites (variable importance in the projection (VIP) > 1,P < 0.05). In addition, we found that there were significant correlations between differential metabolites and bacterial genera of the Amino and CLP groups. For example,Escherichia-Shigellawas associated with 12 metabolites, andLactobacilluswas associated with two metabolites (P < 0.05), suggesting that differences in the metabolic profiles caused by aminophylline were partly dependent on its influence on the gutmicrobiome. In conclusion, this study identified a novel protective mechanism whereby aminophylline could regulate disordered intestinal flora and metabolites in septic rats.
Atypical skeletal involvement in patients with Erdheim–Chester disease: CT imaging findings
Authors: Zhang Zaizhu , Yu Wei , Guan Wenmin , Lin Qiang , Guermazi Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To review retrospectively atypical bone findings from computed tomographic (CT) imaging in patients with Erdheim–Chester disease.

Methods
All 28 patients with Erdheim–Chester disease (13 men and 15 women; mean age, 45 years; range, 7–63 years) underwent chest-abdomen-pelvis CT. CT images were reviewed and analyzed for the various features of atypical bone lesions by two radiologists in consensus.

Results
Twenty-one patients had atypical bone involvement. Radiologically, these atypical osseous lesions were categorized into three types: diffuse, nodular and patchy. Eleven (52%) of the 21 patients had spinal lesions, of which four (36%) had the diffuse type, eight (73%) had the nodular pattern, and six (55%) had the patchy pattern. Sixteen (76%) of the 21 patients had pelvic involvement, of which two (13%) were diffuse, nine (56%) were nodular and 11 were (69%) patchy. Ribs were involved in seven (33%) of the 21 patients, with the nodular pattern in one (14%) patient and the patchy type in six (86%) patients. Clavicle involvement was seen in nine (43%) of the 21 patients, of which the diffuse type was found in only one (11%) patient, the nodular type in six (67%) patients, the solitary patchy type in four (44%) patients. Sternum involvement was seen in 10 (48%) of the 21 patients and all were nodular.

Conclusions
This series provides a detailed description of atypical bone involvement in Erdheim–Chester disease which on CT displays three major patterns. Understanding these patterns may help increase the accuracy of diagnosis of this disease.
Embedding comprehensive smoking cessation programs into community clinics: study protocol for a cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Baskerville Wave-Ananda , Friedman Theodore C. , Hurley Brian , Hsieh Susan , Dixon Tasha , Mtume Norma , Lee Martin L. , Rodriguez Luz , Lopez Briana , Ray Lara A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Cigarette smoking among adults in the USA is a leading cause of preventable death worldwide, even though there has been a decline in prevalence since 2005. The addictive nature of nicotine is the chief reason smokers continue to use tobacco. Although the majority of smokers report a desire to quit smoking, a small minority who attempt to quit achieve long-term cessation. Combined, smoking cessation best practices include coordinated medication and behavioral treatments. However, these treatments are not currently adequately delivered to Medi-Cal beneficiaries in the publicly funded patient-centered medical homes (PCMHs) and community mental health clinics operated by Los Angeles County (LAC)-Department of Health Services (LACDHS) and LAC-Department of Mental Health (LACDMH).

Methods
This is a 5-year implementation, cluster-randomized comparative effectiveness trial that will support the implementation of smoking cessation services delivered in LAC-LACDHS-operated outpatient primary care clinics and in LAC-LACDMH-operated community mental health clinics. We will enroll 1000 participants from clinics that will offer smoking cessation services and 200 from clinics that will offer treatment as usual. Participants will be asked to complete assessments at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. The assessments will include self-reports on smoking history, anxiety, stress, quality of life, and participant satisfaction. Participants who are assigned to clinics that provide smoking cessation services will also be asked about the frequency of their participation in the smoking cessation services during the 12-month period.

Discussion
This study will evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of implementing smoking cessation services in outpatient primary care and community mental health clinics. It will also determine if there will be higher rates of smoking cessation in the implementation sites as compared to the sites with treatment as usual. If the implementation proves to be effective, the plan is to sustain these services using a workflow we will develop in the LAC-operated sites. This would lead to ameliorating the significant smoking cessation treatment gaps among those served within the LAC Health Agency departments.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04717544 “Embedding comprehensive smoking cessation programs into community clinics.” Registered on January 22, 2021
Ultrasound-guided lymph node biopsy sampling to study the immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: a well-tolerated valuable research tool
Authors: Fiechter Renée H. , Bolt Janne W. , van de Sande Marleen G. H. , Aalbers Caroline J. , Landewé Robert B. M. , Maas Mario , Tas Sander W. , van Baarsen Lisa G. M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Analyses of lymphoid organs are required to further elucidate the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Yet, invasive tissue collection methods are scarcely applied, because they are often considered burdensome, although patients do not always consider invasive methods as a high burden. We aimed to investigate the perspectives of study participants undergoing ultrasound-guided inguinal lymph node (LN) needle biopsy sampling and determine the molecular and cellular quantity and quality of LN biopsies.

Methods
Together with patient research partners, questionnaires were developed to evaluate the motives, expectations, and experiences of participants undergoing a LN biopsy. Healthy controls and RA(-risk) patients were asked to complete these questionnaires before and after the procedure. RNA and lymphocyte yields from obtained LN biopsies were also calculated.

Results
We included 50 individuals, of which 43 (86%) reported their pre- and post-procedure experiences. The median reported pain on a 5-point Likert scale (1 not to 5 very painful) was 1. Interestingly, almost all (n = 32; 74%) study participants would undergo a second procedure and more than half (n = 23; 54%) would encourage others to take part in the LN biopsy study. Motives for current and future participation were mostly altruistic. Inguinal hematoma occurred frequently, but no other significant or unexpected complications ensued. The LN biopsies yielded sufficient and high-quality RNA and lymphocyte numbers.

Conclusions
Ultrasound-guided inguinal LN biopsy sampling is well-tolerated, safe, and provides sufficient material for further molecular and cellular analyses. Our participants’ positive experiences endorse the application of this research tool to further elucidate the pathogenesis of RA and other inflammatory diseases.
Aquatic community structure and stream habitat in a karst agricultural landscape
Authors: Mundahl Neal D. , Mundahl Erik D. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Watersheds dominated by agriculture often have significant, negative impacts on local stream habitats and fauna. Our study examined stream biota and habitats within an entire stream in a karst agricultural landscape to determine if several decades of watershed conservation and management had reversed the severe degradation caused by poor land use and catastrophic soil erosion during the 1920s and 1930s.

Results
Fish communities and stream habitats were degraded at over half of the 22 stream sites examined, and benthic macroinvertebrate communities were mostly poor throughout the entire stream. Poor fish communities were associated with missing or narrow riparian buffers, high percent fine sediments, high embeddedness of coarse substrates, and homogeneous run habitat. Invertebrate communities were dominated by filter-feeding taxa and those adapted to life on or within fine sediments. Stream sites with wide buffers and influenced by groundwater springs had higher fish community integrity and good to excellent instream habitat.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that wide riparian buffers and karstic springs may have allowed recovery of some stream reaches, but more extensive buffers and additional soil conservation practices in upland areas likely are necessary to protect most stream segments and their biota from on-going agricultural activities. New state stream buffer laws instituted after this study resulted in establishment of vegetated buffers at all study sites, which may lead to improved stream habitat and biotic communities in future years. Benthic invertebrate community improvement also may require translocation of sensitive taxa from nearby watersheds due to limited dispersal abilities of many species currently absent from the study stream. Increased frequency and intensity of storm events and flooding may hinder future recovery of stream habitats and biota.
Implementation of personalised medicine policies in mental healthcare: results from a stated preference study in the UK
Authors: McMichael Alan J. , Kane Joseph P. M. , Rolison Jonathan J. , O'Neill Francis A. , Boeri Marco , Kee Frank 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPublic support for the implementation of personalised medicine policies (PMPs) within routine care is important owing to the high financial costs involved and the potential for redirection of resources from other services.AimsWe aimed to determine the attributes of a PMP most likely to elicit public support for implementation. We also aimed to determine whether such support differed between a depression PMP and one for cystic fibrosis.MethodIn a discrete-choice experiment, paired vignettes illustrating both the current model of care (CMoC) and a hypothetical PMP for either depression or cystic fibrosis were presented to a representative sample of the UK public (n = 2804). Each vignette integrated varying attributes, including anticipated therapeutic benefit over CMoC, and the annual cost to the taxpayer. Respondents were invited to express their preference for either the PMP or CMoC within each pair.ResultsThe financial cost was the most important attribute influencing public support for PMPs. Respondents favoured PMP implementation where it benefited a higher proportion of patients or was anticipated to be more effective than CMoC. A reduction in services for non-eligible patients reduced the likelihood of support for PMPs. Respondents were more willing to fund PMPs for cystic fibrosis than for depression.ConclusionsCost is a significant factor in the public's support for PMPs, but essential caveats, such as protection for services available to PMP-ineligible patients, may also apply. Further research should explore the factors contributing to condition-specific nuances in public support for PMPs.
Preparation and spectral properties of CuSe/ZnSe core-shell nanomaterials
Authors: Zhang Xiao-kai , Xia Lei , Li Xue , Liu Lian-dong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this research, first, CuSe nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by using the reflux condensation method. Then, a ZnSe shell was grown on the CuSe NPs by using a simple, rapid photochemical approach. Synthesized CuSe/ZnSe core-shell NPs were characterized by means of different analyses, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis of the sample shows the formation of core-shell NPs with the structure of hexagonal CuSe and cubic ZnSe. The core-shell structure of the product has been formed and the size of the synthesized core-shell NPs is about 20–50 nm. The band gap of the CuSe/ZnSe core-shell NPs was higher than that for CuSe or ZnSe in bulk. The fluorescence properties were greatly enhanced by successful growth of the ZnSe shell and decreased with the extension of illumination time.