bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diprenylated cyclodipeptide production by changing the prenylation sequence of the nature’s synthetic machinery
Authors: Li Wen , Coby Lindsay , Zhou Jing , Li Shu-Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAscomycetous fungi are often found in agricultural products and foods as contaminants. They produce hazardous mycotoxins for human and animals. On the other hand, the fungal metabolites including mycotoxins are important drug candidates and the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of these compounds are valuable biocatalysts for production of designed compounds. One of the enzyme groups are members of the dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase superfamily, which mainly catalyze prenylations of tryptophan and tryptophan-containing cyclodipeptides (CDPs). Decoration of CDPs in the biosynthesis of multiple prenylated metabolites in nature is usually initiated by regiospecificC2-prenylation at the indole ring, followed by second and third ones as well as by other modifications. However, the strict substrate specificity can prohibit the further prenylation of unnaturalC2-prenylated compounds. To overcome this, we firstly obtainedC4-,C5-,C6-, andC7-prenylatedcyclo-l-Trp-l-Pro. These products were then used as substrates for the promiscuousC2-prenyltransferase EchPT1, which normally uses the unprenylated CDPs as substrates. Four unnatural diprenylatedcyclo-l-Trp-l-Pro including the unique unexpectedN1,C6-diprenylated derivative with significant yields were obtained in this way. Our study provides an excellent example for increasing structural diversity by reprogramming the reaction orders of natural biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, this is the first report that EchPT1 can also catalyzeN1-prenylation at the indole ring.Key points• Prenyltransferases as biocatalysts for unnatural substrates.• Chemoenzymatic synthesis of designed molecules.• A cyclodipeptide prenyltransferase as prenylating enzyme of already prenylated products.Graphical Abstract
Prognostic value of the nutritional risk index in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhang Limei , Chen Shuzhao , Huang Mayan , Wang Weida , Liang Yang , Wang Yun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe nutritional risk index (NRI), which is based on weight and albumin levels, is closely associated with the prognosis of many cancers. However, its prognostic value has not been investigated in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). We aimed to assess the association between the NRI and survival outcomes in patients with NDMM. We retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical and laboratory data from patients with NDMM between 2005 and 2019 at our center. Patients were stratified into the high NRI (> 89) and low NRI (≤ 89) groups for prognostic analysis. The NRI and other variables were also explored to evaluate their prognostic value for overall survival (OS). A total of 638 patients diagnosed with NDMM were retrospectively included. Patients in the high NRI group had a significantly better median OS than those in the low NRI group (64 months vs 43 months, p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, a high NRI was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio, 0.758; 95% confidence interval, 0.587–0.977; p = 0.033). Age, performance status, transplant status, and lactate dehydrogenase level were also independent prognostic factors for OS. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the NRI is a simple and useful predictor of survival outcomes in patients with NDMM.
Effect of immunosuppressive medication on postoperative complications following abdominal surgery in Crohn’s disease patients
Authors: Lahes Saleh , Fischer Celine , Spiliotis Antonios E. , Schulz Antje , Gäbelein Gereon , Igna Dorian , Glanemann Matthias 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunosuppressants represent an effective pharmacological treatment for the remission and management of Crohn’s disease (CD); however, it has not been well-defined if these medications are associated with an increased incidence of postoperative complications after intestinal surgery. This retrospective study evaluated the association between immunosuppressive treatment and complications following bowel resection in patients with CD.

Methods
A total of 426 patients with CD who underwent abdominal surgery between 2001 and 2018 were included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups. In the first group, patients were under immunosuppressive treatment at the time of surgical resection, while in the second group, patients had never received pharmacological therapy for CD before surgery.

Results
No statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups. Double or triple immunosuppressive therapy was not associated with increased complications compared to monotherapy or no pharmacological treatment. Preoperative risk factors such as hypoalbuminemia, abscess, fistula, intestinal perforation, long duration of symptoms, and the intraoperative performance of more than one anastomosis were related to increased rates of postoperative complications. Factors affecting the occurrence of postoperative complications in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate analysis using a stepwise logistic regression model, and these factors were also related to increased rates of postoperative surgical complications.

Conclusion
Immunosuppressive therapy was not associated with increased rates of postoperative complications following bowel resection in patients with CD.
Lazy Queue Layouts of Posets
Authors: Alam Jawaherul Md. , Bekos Michael A. , Gronemann Martin , Kaufmann Michael , Pupyrev Sergey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate the queue number of posets in terms of their width, that is, the maximum number of pairwise incomparable elements. A long-standing conjecture of Heath and Pemmaraju asserts that every poset of width w has queue number at most w. The conjecture has been confirmed for posets of width $$w=2$$

w
=
2

via so-called lazy linear extension. We extend and thoroughly analyze lazy linear extensions for posets of width $$w > 2$$

w
>
2

. Our analysis implies an upper bound of $$(w-1)^2 +1$$

(
w
-
1
)

2

+
1

on the queue number of width-w posets, which is tight for the strategy and yields an improvement over the previously best-known bound. Further, we provide an example of a poset that requires at least $$w+1$$

w
+
1

queues in every linear extension, thereby disproving the conjecture for posets of width $$w > 2$$

w
>
2

.
Nature-based Solutions im Wasserbau – Die Bedeutung natürlicher Prozesse zur Erzielung ökologischer und sozioökonomischer Ziele
Authors: Flödl Peter , Hauer Christoph 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungFließgewässer sind eines der am stärksten veränderten Ökosysteme weltweit. Anthropogene Veränderungen von Flüssen dienen zur energetischen Nutzung, dem Schutz vor Hochwässern sowie wasserwirtschaftlichen Themen (u. a. Trinkwasserversorgung, Einleiten von Abwässern). Zusätzlich werden die Folgen des Klimawandels immer deutlicher. Für den Schutz und Erhalt der aquatischen Ökologie bedarf es daher neuer Konzepte und Maßnahmen im Wasserbau. Dieser Fachartikel zeigt die Möglichkeiten von Nature-based Solutions für ausgewählte Themenbereiche im (naturnahen) Wasserbau auf. Diese können in Ergänzung zu bekannten Renaturierungs- und Restrukturierungsmaßnahmen gesehen werden. Durch ein vertieftes Prozessverständnis sollen Nature-based Solutions im Wasserbau künftig eine Verbesserung der Ökologie und gesellschaftlichen Anforderungen ermöglichen. Nature-based Solutions haben hierbei den Vorteil, bereits im Planungsprozess sozioökonomische und ökologische Aspekte berücksichtigen zu können.
A social VR-based collaborative exergame for rehabilitation: codesign, development and user study
Authors: Shah Syed Hammad Hussain , Karlsen Anniken Susanne T. , Solberg Mads , Hameed Ibrahim A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmersive virtual reality (VR)-based exercise video games (exergames) are increasingly being employed as a supportive intervention in rehabilitation programs to promote engagement in physical activity, especially for elderly users. A multifaceted and iterative codesign process is essential to develop sustainable exergaming solutions. The social aspect is considered one of the key motivating factors in exergames; however, research on the social aspect of VR exergames has been limited. Previous studies have relied on competitiveness in exergames, but research has shown that competition can lead to adverse effects on users. With the aim of motivating elderly individuals to participate in physical exercise and improving social connectedness during rehabilitation, this work presents a social VR-based collaborative exergame codesigned with elderly participants and therapists. This exergame stimulates full-body exercise and supports social collaboration among users through a collaborative game task. Furthermore, this article presents a user study based on a mixed-methods approach to gather user feedback on exergame design and the effect of social collaboration versus playing alone in a VR exergame in terms of physical exertion and motivation. This study spanned five weeks (99 exergaming sessions) with 14 elderly participants divided into two groups, one playing collaboratively and the other playing individually. Between-group comparisons were performed at baseline (first week) and in the fourth week, and within-group comparisons were performed in the fifth week, when the participants played the exergame in counterbalanced order. In contrast to the first week, the participants exergaming collaboratively in the fourth week reported significantly higher intrinsic motivation on all subscales (enjoyment: p < 0.02, effort: p < 0.002, usefulness: p < 0.01) and physical exertion (p < 0.001) than those playing alone. Thereafter, exergaming in counterbalanced order during the fifth week resulted in significant differences (medium to large effect size) within groups. The participants found the social VR gameplay enjoyable and agreed that collaboration played a vital role in their motivation. They reported various health benefits, a minimal increase in symptoms of simulator sickness, and excellent usability scores (83.75±13.3). In this work, we also identify various key design principles to support healthcare professionals, researchers and industrial experts in developing ergonomic and sustainable VR-based exergames for senior citizens.
Flow simulation-based particle swarm optimization for developing improved hemolysis models
Authors: Torner B. , Frank D. , Grundmann S. , Wurm F.-H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe improvement and development of blood-contacting devices, such as mechanical circulatory support systems, is a life saving endeavor. These devices must be designed in such a way that they ensure the highest hemocompatibility. Therefore, in-silico trials (flow simulations) offer a quick and cost-effective way to analyze and optimize the hemocompatibility and performance of medical devices. In that regard, the prediction of blood trauma, such as hemolysis, is the key element to ensure the hemocompatibility of a device. But, despite decades of research related to numerical hemolysis models, their accuracy and reliability leaves much to be desired. This study proposes a novel optimization path, which is capable of improving existing models and aid in the development of future hemolysis models. First, flow simulations of three, turbulent blood flow test cases (capillary tube, FDA nozzle, FDA pump) were performed and hemolysis was numerically predicted by the widely-applied stress-based hemolysis models. Afterward, a multiple-objective particles swarm optimization (MOPSO) was performed to tie the physiological stresses of the simulated flow field to the measured hemolysis using an equivalent of over one million numerically determined hemolysis predictions. The results show that our optimization is capable of improving upon existing hemolysis models. However, it also unveils some deficiencies and limits of hemolysis prediction with stress-based models, which will need to be addressed in order to improve its reliability.
Understanding hepatitis B vaccination willingness in the adult population in Indonesia: a survey among outpatient and healthcare workers in community health centers
Authors: Machmud Putri Bungsu , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Gottschick Cornelia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimThis study aimed to assess factors associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B among Indonesia’s adult population, considering cultural and geographic differences by analysing the two provinces of Aceh and Yogyakarta.Subject and methodsAn institution-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 community health centres. A multivariable logistic regression model stratified by province was employed to assess variables associated with the willingness to receive hepatitis B vaccination.ResultsWe found that participants from Yogyakarta more often had a higher knowledge and risk perception of hepatitis B and were more often willing to get vaccinated than participants from Aceh. We also found that a high-risk perception of hepatitis B infection was associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B in participants from both Aceh and Yogyakarta. Furthermore, in Yogyakarta, a fair and high knowledge of hepatitis B infection and vaccination, being female, and having health insurance covering hepatitis B vaccination costs were associated with the willingness to be vaccinated. In Aceh, health care workers in high-risk units for hepatitis B had a higher willingness to be vaccinated than those who were not high-risk health care workers.ConclusionGiven the different factors associated with the willingness to be vaccinated against hepatitis B in Aceh and Yogyakarta, this study also highlights the need of a locally adjusted, culture-based approach to improve the hepatitis B vaccination programme.
Creatively Destructive Hurricanes: Do Disasters Spark Innovation?
Authors: Noy Ilan , Strobl Eric 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigate whether disasters can lead to innovation. We construct a US county-level panel of hurricane damages using climate data, hurricane tracks, and a wind field model and match these to patent applications by the location of their inventor over the last century in the United States. We examine both general innovation and patents that explicitly mention the terms ’hurricane’ or ’storm.’ In line with the current literature that hypothesizes innovative activity driven by shocks, in particular innovation intended to mitigate future shocks, we find that hurricanes lead to temporary boost in damage-mitigating patents a few years after the event. However, we also show there is long-term, lasting over two decades, general reduction of innovation after a damaging storm. We conclude that hurricanes, and possibly other types of disasters, cannot be viewed as a ’benefit in disguise,’ and that these events are unlikely to generate longer-term beneficial dynamics in an adversely affected location.
From perception to the Digital World: phenomenological observations
Authors: Taddio Luca 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article is based on Gibson’s “experimental phenomenology” and ecological perspective. It aims to develop Merleau-Ponty’s concept of “incarnate” by relating it to the more general concept of “illusion” in order to apply it to digital environments and immersive virtual realities. First of all, we should clarify, from a phenomenological point of view, the notion of “world.” Although the concept of “world” is closely linked to that of “reality,” it cannot be superimposed on it. We will analyze this distinction by focusing on specific cases of optical-geometric illusions and their ontological and epistemological implications. We will then extend them from the natural to the digital world.
Citizen Science: Schoolteachers’ Motivation, Experiences, and Recommendations
Authors: Aristeidou Maria , Lorke Julia , Ismail Nashwa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract Citizen science offers teachers a way to bring authentic scientific research into their classrooms by providing both teachers and their students with opportunities to contribute to authentic research. The potential of citizen science for science education has already been highlighted in various fields and by various stakeholders. More and more studies underpin this potential by providing evidence for the learning outcomes achieved through participation in citizen science projects. In formal education settings, teachers are the gatekeepers for teaching innovations and, hence, the ones who decide whether to engage students in citizen science. However, the expertise of teachers who have already participated in citizen science with their students has not been studied on a broad international level. Therefore, to investigate their experience and learn from their expertise, this study employed a concurrent triangulation design and invited teachers to participate in a survey (N = 56) and an interview (N = 11), independent of their country of residence, their school type, and their teaching subject. The results provide insights into teachers’ motivation, the engagement techniques and types of activities they used, the challenges they faced, and their recommendations for implementing citizen science in formal education settings. The present findings have important implications for the design of professional development programmes and support networks for teachers in citizen science.
Toys as Teachers: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Object Use and Enskillment in Hunter–Gatherer Societies
Authors: Riede Felix , Lew-Levy Sheina , Johannsen Niels N. , Lavi Noa , Andersen Marc Malmdorf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudies of cultural transmission—whether approached by archaeological or ethnographic means—have made great strides in identifying formal teaching and learning arrangements, which in turn can be closely aligned with models of social learning. While novices and apprentices are often in focus in such studies, younger children and their engagement with material culture have received less attention. Against the backdrop of a cross-cultural database of ethnographically documented object use and play in 54 globally distributed foraging communities, we here discuss the ways in which children make and use tools and toys. We provide a cross-cultural inventory of objects made for and by hunter–gatherer children and adolescents. We find that child and adolescent objects are linked to adult material culture, albeit not exclusively so. Toys and tools were primarily handled outside of explicit pedagogical contexts, and there is little evidence for formalised apprenticeships. Our data suggests that children’s self-directed interactions with objects, especially during play, has a critical role in early-age enskillment. Placed within a niche construction framework, we combine ethnographic perspectives on object play with archaeological evidence for play objects to offer an improved cross-cultural frame of reference for how social learning varies across early human life history and what role material culture may play in this process. While our analysis improves the systematic understanding of the role and relevance of play objects among hunter–gatherer societies, we also make the case for more detailed studies of play objects in the context of ethnographic, archival and archaeological cultural transmission research.
Bregman Three-Operator Splitting Methods
Authors: Jiang Xin , Vandenberghe Lieven 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe paper presents primal–dual proximal splitting methods for convex optimization, in which generalized Bregman distances are used to define the primal and dual proximal update steps. The methods extend the primal and dual Condat–Vũ algorithms and the primal–dual three-operator (PD3O) algorithm. The Bregman extensions of the Condat–Vũ algorithms are derived from the Bregman proximal point method applied to a monotone inclusion problem. Based on this interpretation, a unified framework for the convergence analysis of the two methods is presented. We also introduce a line search procedure for stepsize selection in the Bregman dual Condat–Vũ algorithm applied to equality-constrained problems. Finally, we propose a Bregman extension of PD3O and analyze its convergence.
Intimacy, Anonymity, and “Care with Nothing in the Way” on an Abortion Hotline
Authors: Karlin Jennifer , Hodge Caroline C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis essay is an ethnographic account of a volunteer, anonymous hotline of physicians and advanced practice providers who offer medical advice and guidance to those who are taking medications on their own to end their pregnancies. Attending to the phenomenology of caring on the Hotline reveals a new form of medical expertise at play, which we call “care with nothing in the way.” By operating outside the State’s scrutiny of abortion provision, the Hotline offers its volunteers a way to practice abortion care that aligns with their professional and political commitments and that distances them from the direct harm they see caused by the political, financial, and bureaucratic constraints of their clinical work. By delineating the structure of this new regime of care, these providers call into question the notion of the “good doctor.” They radically re-frame widely shared assumptions about the tenets of the ideal patient–doctor relationship and engender a new form of intimacy–one based, ironically, out of anonymity and not the familiarity that is often idealized in the caregiving relationship. We suggest the implications of “care with nothing in the way” are urgent, not only in the context of increasing hostility to abortion rights, but also for a culture of medicine plagued by physician burnout.
Bispectrality of $$AG_2$$ Calogero–Moser–Sutherland System
Authors: Feigin Misha , Vrabec Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider the generalised Calogero–Moser–Sutherland quantum integrable system associated to the configuration of vectors $$AG_2$$

A

G
2

, which is a union of the root systems $$A_2$$

A
2

and $$G_2$$

G
2

. We establish the existence of and construct a suitably defined Baker–Akhiezer function for the system, and we show that it satisfies bispectrality. We also find two corresponding dual difference operators of rational Macdonald–Ruijsenaars type in an explicit form.
ESPRIT versus ESPIRA for reconstruction of short cosine sums and its application
Authors: Derevianko Nadiia , Plonka Gerlind , Razavi Raha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper we introduce two algorithms for stable approximation with and recovery of short cosine sums. The used signal model contains cosine terms with arbitrary real positive frequency parameters and therefore strongly generalizes usual Fourier sums. The proposed methods both employ a set of equidistant signal values as input data. The ESPRIT method for cosine sums is a Prony-like method and applies matrix pencils of Toeplitz + Hankel matrices while the ESPIRA method is based on rational approximation of DCT data and can be understood as a matrix pencil method for special Loewner matrices. Compared to known numerical methods for recovery of exponential sums, the design of the considered new algorithms directly exploits the special real structure of the signal model and therefore usually provides real parameter estimates for noisy input data, while the known general recovery algorithms for complex exponential sums tend to yield complex parameters in this case.