bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$$(g-2)_\mu $$ and SUSY dark matter: direct detection and collider search complementarity
Authors: Chakraborti Manimala , Heinemeyer Sven , Saha Ipsita , Schappacher Christian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe electroweak (EW) sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) can account for a variety of experimental data. The EW particles with masses of a few hundred GeV evade the LHC searches owing to their small production cross sections. Such a light EW sector can in particular explain the reinforced $$4.2\,\sigma $$

4.2

σ

discrepancy between the experimental result for the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

, and its Standard Model (SM) prediction. The lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), assumed to be the lightest neutralino, $${\tilde{\chi }_{1}}^0$$

χ
~

1

0

, as a Dark Matter (DM) candidate is furthermore in agreement with the observed limits on the DM content of the universe. Here the Next-to LSP (NLSP) serves as a coannihilation partner and is naturally close in mass to the LSP. Such scenarios are also to a large extent in agreement with negative results from Direct Detection (DD) experiments. The DM relic density can fully be explained by a nearly pure bino or a mixed bino/wino LSP. Relatively light wino and higgsino DM, on the other hand, remains easily below the DM relic density upper bound. Using the improved limits on $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

, we explore the mass ranges of the LSP and the NLSP in their correlation with the DM relic density for bino, bino/wino, wino and higgsino DM. In particular, we analyze the sensitivity of future DM DD experiments to these DM scenarios. We find that higgsino, wino and one type of bino scenario can be covered by future DD experiments. Mixed bino/wino and another type of bino DM can reach DD cross sections below the neutrino floor. In these cases we analyze the complementarity with the (HL-)LHC and future $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

linear colliders. We find that while the prospects for the HL-LHC are interesting, but not conclusive, an $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

collider with $$\sqrt{s} \lesssim 1 \,\, \mathrm {TeV}$$

s

≲
1

TeV

can cover effectively all points of the MSSM that may be missed by DD experiments.
Gravitational waves in models with multicritical-point principle
Authors: Hamada Yuta , Kawai Hikaru , Kawana Kiyoharu , Oda Kin-ya , Yagyu Kei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe multicritical-point principle (MPP) provides a natural explanation of the large hierarchy between the Planck and electroweak scales. We consider a scenario in which MPP is applied to the Standard Model extended by two real singlet scalar fields $$\phi $$
ϕ
and S, and a dimensional transmutation occurs by the vacuum expectation value of $$\phi $$
ϕ
. In this paper, we focus on the critical points that possess a $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$

Z
2

symmetry $$S\rightarrow -S$$

S
→
-
S

and all the other fields are left invariant. Then S becomes a natural dark matter (DM) candidate. Further, we concentrate on the critical points where $$\phi $$
ϕ
does not possess further $${\mathbb {Z}}_2$$

Z
2

symmetry so that there is no cosmological domain-wall problem. Among such critical points, we focus on maximally critical one called CP-1234 that fix all the superrenormalizable parameters. We show that there remains a parameter region that satisfies the DM relic abundance, DM direct-detection bound and the current LHC constraints. In this region, we find a first-order phase transition in the early universe around the TeV-scale temperature. The resultant gravitational waves are predicted with a peak amplitude of $${{\mathcal {O}}}(10^{-12})$$

O
(

10

-
12

)

at a frequency of $$10^{-2}{-}10^{-1}$$

10

-
2

-

10

-
1

Hz, which can be tested with future space-based instruments such as DECIGO and BBO.
Tactical Disinformation: Interrogation of Data Politics through Noise in Interactive Media Installations
Authors: Day Kevin Tsuan-Hsiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article examines the potential for contemporary interactive media art to interrogate and subvert the data mining practices that encode and exploit user data in the big data economy. Specifically the author argues that this can be accomplished through the exacerbation of data mining operations and the provision of tactical disinformation—useless, fake, and alternative information, an amplification of the “noise” (the unsanctioned elements) that highlights the nonneutrality fallibility, and inadequacy of data. The author explores this through a Brechtian methodology and an examination of three of his media installations to show how they estrange us from normalized information systems to highlight their limits.
Out of Sight, but Not Out of Mind: A Diagrammatic Conversation on Relational Drawing
Authors: Heath Claude P.R. , Stell John G. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The authors reflect on their ongoing dialogue about connections between drawing in the practice of art and in the practice of mathematics. They show how visualizing relational connections in mathematical diagrams can be used to contextualize aspects of Heath’s drawings. The account provides a sequence of loops, reflecting on drawings where relational marks coexist with those in which they do not. Diagrams are the vehicle for this dialogue across the disciplines of art and science, acting as boundary objects supported by a common visual vocabulary of loops, connections, change over time, negative space, and a shared interest in exploring ideas through the physicality of practice.
An Astro-Animation Class: Optimizing Artistic, Educational, and Outreach Outcomes
Authors: Arcadias Laurence , Corbet Robin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The authors investigate how teaching art and astronomy together has the potential to inspire new art forms, enhance scientific public outreach, and promote art and science education. The authors teach an astroanimation class at the Maryland Institute College of Art in partnership with NASA scientists. The animations explore science in creative ways. Astrophysicists, educators, students, and the general public were surveyed to evaluate the experiences and benefits from this project. The responses were very positive—the program is an effective way to stimulate art students to learn science, share an artist’s viewpoint beyond the classroom, and engage with the public.
Colliding Ice Crystals in Turbulent Clouds
Authors: Sheikh M. Z. , Gustavsson K. , Lévêque E. , Mehlig B. , Pumir A. , Naso A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Collisions, resulting in aggregation of ice crystals in clouds, is an important step in the formation of snow aggregates. Here, we study the collision process by simulating spheroid-shaped particles settling in turbulent flows and by determining the probability of collision. We focus on platelike ice crystals (oblate ellipsoids), subject to gravity, and to the Stokes force and torque generated by the surrounding fluid. We also take into account the contributions to the drag and torque due to fluid inertia, which are essential to understand the tendency of crystals to settle with their largest dimension oriented horizontally. We determine the collision rate between identical crystals, of diameter 300 μm, with aspect ratios in the range 0.005 ≤ β ≤ 0.05, and over a range of energy dissipation per unit mass, ε, 1 ≤ ε ≤ 250 cm2 s−3. For all values of β studied, the collision rate increases with the turbulence intensity. The dependence on β is more subtle. Increasing β at low turbulence intensity () diminishes the collision rate, but increases it at higher ε ≈ 250 cm2 s−3. The observed behaviors can be understood as resulting from three main physical effects. First, the velocity gradients in a turbulent flow tend to bring particles together. In addition, differential settling plays a role at small ε when the particles are thin enough (β small), whereas the prevalence of particle inertia at higher ε leads to a strong enhancement of the collision rate.
A Non-Monotonic Precipitation Response to Changes in Soil Moisture in the Presence of Vegetation
Authors: Drager Aryeh J. , Grant Leah D. , van den Heever Susan C. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In many parts of the world, humans rely on afternoon rainfall for their water supply. However, it is not fully understood how land surface properties influence afternoon precipitation. In fact, disagreement remains regarding the relative prevalence of “wet-soil advantage” regimes, in which wet soils receive more precipitation than do dry soils, and “dry-soil advantage” regimes, in which the opposite occurs. Recent studies have proposed that the permanent wilting point (PWP) soil moisture threshold influences the location and organization of convective clouds. Motivated by this work, we investigate how changes in soil moisture relative to the PWP affect the timing and amount of surface rainfall, as well as how this response depends on the presence or absence of vegetation. This investigation is carried out by conducting several series of high-resolution, idealized numerical experiments using a fully coupled, interactive soil-vegetation-atmosphere modeling system. From these experiments, a new soil moisture-precipitation relationship emerges: in the presence of vegetation, simulations with moderately dry soils, whose initial liquid water content slightly exceeds the PWP, generate significantly less surface precipitation than do those with the driest or wettest soils. This result suggests that simulated “wet-soil advantage” and “dry-soil advantage” regimes may not necessarily be mutually exclusive, insofar as extremely wet and extremely dry soils can both exhibit an “advantage” over moderately dry soils. This non-monotonic soil moisture-precipitation relationship is found to result from the PWP’s modulation of transpiration of water vapor by plants. In the absence of vegetation, a wet-soil advantage occurs instead in these idealized simulations.
Mediterranean diet diminishes the effects of Crohn's disease and improves its parameters: A systematic review
Authors: Jaber Mawada , Altamimi Mohammad , Altamimi Almothana , Cavaliere Sara , De Filippis Francesca 
Published: May 2022

Background The pathogenesis and clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD) is influenced by diet. Mediterranean Diet (MD) helps Crohn's patients through many mechanisms. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the MD on CD patients and to evaluate such effect on body parameters. Methods PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, MEDLINE and Cochrane central library were searched for MD and CD from 2010 to 2020. Included studies met the following criteria: (1) male and female adults (18–75 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of CD; (2) MD as an intervention; (3) original interventional Trial, Cross-Sectional Analysis, or Prospective Cohort Studies. Results Five studies were included, involving 83,564 participants. A small number of patients with CD fulfilled the P-MDS criteria, the overall scores were low, 4.7 and 4.5 for females and males respectively. Patients with an inactive disease whose adherence to MD was greater, the MD score was negatively correlated with disease activity (p <0.001) and positively with IBDQ (p = 0.008). Twenty-seven percent had a prevalence of impaired adherence to a MD (mMED score = 0–2), giving such a population a risk attributed to 12% for the later CD. Seventy-point reduction in CDAI + decreased fecal CRP / calprotectin, calprotectin <250 mcg/gm or >50% decrease from baseline and hsCRP < 5 mg/L or >50% from baseline. Conclusions MD showed anti-inflammatory properties. Adherence to MD was associated with improvement in CD patients and negatively correlated with the disease activity, in addition to a lower risk of developing CD later in life.
Fall risk in older adults mediates the association between depression, executive dysfunction and daily life
Authors: Engel-Yeger Batya , Zilbershlag Yael 
Published: May 2022

Introduction The present study aimed to identify signs of frequent fall-related body dysfunction (depression/cognition) as exhibited in daily activities among older adults. The role of fall risk in mediating body dysfunction and daily activities was also explored. Method Participants included 123 non-institutionalised older adults. Depression and cognitive status were measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Fall risk was determined by a questionnaire, supported by the Time Up and Go test (TUG). Executive functions (EF) were assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and the Alternate Executive Function Performance Test medication management performance-based assessment. Daily life measures included the Barthel and Instrumental scale of activities of daily living, and World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire. Results Based on a falls risk score, 39 out of 123 participants (32%) were high-risk fallers. High-risk fallers showed greater body dysfunction, as recognised in daily activities. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that fall risk mediated the associations among depression, executive dysfunction and daily activities. Conclusion Emotional and cognitive dysfunctions that affect people with high fall risk may manifest while older people perform daily activities. Community fall prevention programmes should screen for such fall-related dysfunction and provide strategies to minimise falls and enhance daily function.
Five Criteria to Evaluate Democratic Economic Planning Models
Authors: Tremblay-Pepin Simon 
Published: May 2022

This article reviews three models of Democratic Economic Planning, those of Pat Devine and Fikret Adaman, Michael Albert and Robin Hahnel, and Paul Cockshott and Allin Cottrell. Part of a larger research project aiming to merge certain features of these models, this article proposes five criteria to evaluate them. Following a proposal made by David Laibman, it adopts the organization and regulation criteria and add three others to them: limitation, formalization, and scope. Finally, the article offers a brief analysis of the models from those criteria. JEL Classification: P20, P51, B51
Loneliness Among Rural Self-Management Education Program Enrollees During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Brunner Wendy M. , Pullyblank Kristin , Scribani Melissa B. , Krupa Nicole L. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose Pandemic-related isolation may exacerbate loneliness among rural adults; we sought to characterize loneliness and associated factors among rural adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting Remotely delivered self-management education (SME) workshops, rural upstate New York, May-December 2020. Subjects Rural SME workshop enrollees, aged 18+, n = 229 Measures De Jong Gierveld 6-Item Loneliness Scale, sociodemographics, workshop type (chronic disease, chronic pain, diabetes), delivery mode (videoconference, phone, self-study); data collected via workshop process measures and enrollment surveys. Analysis Multivariable linear regression. Results Mean overall, emotional and social loneliness scores were 2.78 ( SD = 1.91), 1.27 ( SD = 1.02), and 1.52 ( SD = 1.26). Being not married/partnered (β = .61) and self-reported depression/anxiety (β = .64) were associated with higher overall scores, and selection of videoconference (β = −.77) and self-study (β =-.85) modes with lower scores. Self-reported depression/anxiety (β = .51) was associated with increased emotional loneliness. Being not married/not partnered (β = .37) and selection of chronic pain workshops (β = .64) was were associated with increased social loneliness. Selection of videoconference (β = −.44) and self-study (β = −.51) delivery modes were protective of social loneliness. Conclusion In addition to marital status and depression/anxiety, experiencing chronic pain and selecting phone-based workshops were associated with higher degrees of loneliness among rural adults during the pandemic. The latter may be partly explained by insufficient internet access. Health educators should be prepared to address loneliness in rural areas during the pandemic.
The effects of hypoxia-inducible factors-1α and -2α and erythroferrone on hepcidin in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3–5 and renal anemia
Authors: Hong Jianghuai , Lai Jingjing , Chen Xiaoying , Yan Yan , Hong Yanyan , Ke Hailun , Zheng Jing 
Published: May 2022

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α), and erythroferrone (ERFE) on hepcidin in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5 and renal anemia. Methods A total of 90 patients with CKD stages 3–5 and renal anemia were selected for the study at the Nephrology Department of Fujian Provincial People’s Hospital and divided into three groups, according to CKD stage, while another 30 healthy subjects who underwent a physical examination at the hospital during the same period were selected as the normal group. The serum levels of hepcidin, HIF-1α, HIF-2α, ERFE, and furin were measured using an avidin biotin peroxidase complex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to compare the differences between the groups in the related indicators. Results ① Serum HIF-2α, HIF-1α, ERFE, and furin levels increased gradually in the patients with CKD stages 3–5 ( p < 0.05, p < 0.01). ②Simple correlation analysis:Serum hepcidin was positively correlated with HIF-2α, ERFE, and HIF-1α in the CKD patients ( p < 0.01). ③Serum hepcidin was positively correlated with HIF-2α, HIF-1α, and ERFE in the CKD patients injected with erythropoietin (EPO) ( p < 0.01), while serum hepcidin was positively correlated with HIF-2α and HIF-1α ( p < 0.01) in the patients not injected with EPO. ④ Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that HIF-1α, (β = 4.36, p < 0.01), serum ferritin(SF) (β = 0.13, p < 0.01), and HIF-2α (β = 0.66, p < 0.01) were significantly correlated with hepcidin. Conclusion HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and SF are factors which have an effect on hepcidin in patients with CKD stages 3–5 and renal anemia. The increase of HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and ERFE does not seem to inhibit the increase of hepcidin.
Comprehensiveness, accuracy, quality, credibility and readability of online information about knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Goff Anthony J , Barton Christian J , Merolli Mark , Zhang Quah Andre Shi , Ki-Cheong Hoe Caleb , De Oliveira Silva Danilo 
Published: May 2022

Background People are increasingly using the Internet to retrieve health information about chronic musculoskeletal conditions, yet content can be inaccurate and of variable quality. Objective To summarise (i) comprehensiveness, (ii) accuracy and clarity, iii) quality of information about treatment choices, (iv) credibility and (v) readability of online information about knee osteoarthritis. Method Systematic appraisal of website content. Searches for “knee osteoarthritis” and “knee arthritis” were performed using Google and Bing (October 2020). The top 20 URLs of each search were screened for eligibility. Comprehensiveness, accuracy and clarity of content were matched against 14 pre-defined topic descriptors. DISCERN and HONcode were used to measure quality of information about treatment choices and website credibility, respectively. Flesch Reading Ease and Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level tests were used to assess readability. Results Thirty-five websites were included. Websites were generally comprehensive (median, range = 12, 0–14/14) with descriptors available for 67% ( n = 330/490) of topics across all websites, but only 35% ( n = 116/330) were accurate and clear. Quality of information about treatment choices was generally low (median DISCERN score, range = 40, 16–56/80). Credibility descriptors were present for 65% ( n = 181/280) of items, with 81% ( n = 146/181) of descriptors being clear. Median Flesch reading ease was 53 (range = 21–74), and Flesch-Kincaid grade level was 8 (range = 5–11). Conclusion Few websites provide accurate and clear content aligned to key research evidence. Quality of information about treatment choices was poor, with large variation in comprehensiveness, credibility and readability. Implications Careful consideration is required by clinicians to identify what online information people with knee osteoarthritis have accessed and to address misinformed beliefs.
Treatment strategies for clozapine-induced hypotension: a systematic review
Authors: Tanzer Timothy David , Brouard Thomas , Pra Samuel Dal , Warren Nicola , Barras Michael , Kisely Steve , Brooks Emily , Siskind Dan 
Published: May 2022

Background: Clozapine is the most effective medication for treatment–refractory schizophrenia but is associated with significant adverse drug effects, including hypotension and dizziness, which have a negative impact on quality of life and treatment compliance. Available evidence for the management of clozapine-induced hypotension is scant. Objectives: Due to limited guidance on the safety and efficacy of pharmacological treatments for clozapine-induced hypotension, we set out to systematically review and assess the evidence for the management of clozapine-induced hypotension and provide guidance to clinicians, patients, and carers. Design: We undertook a systematic review of the safety and efficacy of interventions for clozapine-induced hypotension given the limited available evidence. Data Sources and Methods: PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane trial Registry were searched from inception to November 2021 for literature on the treatment strategies for clozapine-induced hypotension and dizziness using a PROSPERO pre-registered search strategy. For orthostatic hypotension, we developed a management framework to assist in the choice of intervention. Results: We identified nine case studies and four case series describing interventions in 15 patients. Hypotension interventions included temporary clozapine dose reduction, non-pharmacological treatments, and pharmacological treatments. Midodrine, fludrocortisone, moclobemide and Bovril® combination, and etilefrine were associated with improvement in symptoms or reduction in orthostatic hypotension. Angiotensin II, arginine vasopressin, and noradrenaline successfully restored and maintained mean arterial pressure in critical care situations. A paradoxical reaction of severe hypotension was reported with adrenaline use. Conclusion: Orthostatic hypotension is a common side effect during clozapine titration. Following an assessment of the titration schedule, salt and fluid intake, and review of hypertensive and nonselective α1-adrenergic agents, first-line treatment should be a temporary reduction in clozapine dose or non-pharmacological interventions. If orthostatic hypotension persists, fludrocortisone should be trialled with monitoring of potassium levels and sodium and fluid intake. Midodrine may be considered second-line or where fludrocortisone is contraindicated or poorly tolerated. For patients on clozapine with hypotension in critical care settings, the use of adrenaline to maintain mean arterial pressure should be avoided. Registration: PROSPERO (Registration No. CRD42020191530)