bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noticeably Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Nanoparticles through co‐Doping of Activated Charcoal and Fe Towards Methylene Blue Degradation
Authors: Girija Ramanujam , Mary Stella , Balakrishnan G. , Mariappan Sivalingam M. , Hamdy Mohamed S. , Shkir Mohd. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGenerating enormous oxygen radicals with metal oxides is a viable route to achieve efficient and eco‐friendly photocatalysis. To this aim, we co‐doped the TiO2 nanoparticles with activated charcoal (AC) and Fe (transition element) for the methylene blue (MB) dye degradation. The AC significantly enhances the adsorption of MB on the TiO2 surface, whereas the Fe dopants decrease its bandgap. To begin with, the modified TiO2 is prepared with chemical methods and the structural and morphological recordings are performed with XRD and FESEM, respectively. Then the elemental compositions and their oxidation states are probed with XPS analysis. The efficient charge carrier separation under white light illumination enhances the photocatalytic activity of modified TiO2 than its counterpart. The photocatalytic studies show that, 56 and 74 % of methylene blue dye degradation occurs with Fe doped TiO2 and AC doped TiO2 respectively. Interestingly, a maximum catalytic efficiency of 98 % is obtained for the Fe, AC co‐doped TiO2 samples in 90 min, and we provide a novel strategy to convert the large bandgap TiO2 into visible light photocatalyst.
High‐Efficiency Capture of Cells by Softening Cell Membrane
Authors: Ming Ruiqi , Jiang Ye , Fan Jiaqi , An Chunchun , Li Jinqi , Chen Tongsheng , Li Xinlei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) by nanostructured substrate surface is a useful method for early diagnosis of cancer. At present, most methods used to improve the cell capture efficiency are based on changing substrate surface properties. However, there are still some gaps between these methods and practical applications. Here, a method is presented for improving cell capture efficiency from a different perspective, that is, changing the properties of the cells. Concretely, the mechanical properties of the cell membrane are changed by adding Cytochalasin D to soften the cell membrane. Furthermore, a corresponding theoretical model is proposed to explain the experimental results. It is found that cell softening can reduce the resistance of cell adhesion, which makes the adhesion ability stronger. The high‐efficiency capture of cells by softening the cell membrane provides a potential method to improve the detection performance of CTCs.
Gamma‐induction in frontotemporal dementia (GIFTeD) randomized placebo‐controlled trial: Rationale, noninvasive brain stimulation protocol, and study design
Authors: Assogna Martina , Sprugnoli Giulia , Press Daniel , Dickerson Brad , Macone Joanna , Bonnì Sonia , Borghi Ilaria , Connor Ann , Hoffman Megan , Grover Nainika , Wong Bonnie , Shen Changyu , Martorana Alessandro , O'Reilly Molly , Ruffini Giulio , El Fakhri Georges , Koch Giacomo , Santarnecchi Emiliano 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no effective pharmacological treatment. Recently, interneuron activity responsible for fast oscillatory brain activity has been found to be impaired in a mouse model of FTD with consequent cognitive and behavioral alterations. In this study, we aim to investigate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of a novel promising therapeutic intervention for FTD based on 40 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), a form of non‐invasive brain stimulation thought to engage neural activity in a frequency‐specific manner and thus suited to restore altered brain oscillatory patterns.MethodsThis is a multi‐site, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial on 50 patients with a diagnosis of behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD). Participants will be randomized to undergo either 30 days of 1‐hour daily tACS or Sham (placebo) tACS. The outcomes will be assessed at baseline, right after the intervention and at a 3‐ to 6‐months follow‐up. The primary outcome measures are represented by the safety and feasibility of tACS administration, which will be assessed considering the nature, frequency, and severity of adverse events as well as attrition rate, respectively. To assess secondary outcomes, participants will undergo extensive neuropsychological and behavioral assessments and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron emission tomography (PET) scans to evaluate changes in brain metabolism, functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting and evoked electroencephalography, as well as blood biomarkers to measure changes in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory markers.ResultsThe trial started in October 2020 and will end in October 2023. Study protocols have been approved by the local institutional review board (IRB) at each data‐collection site.DiscussionThis study will evaluate the safety and tolerability of 40 Hz tACS in bvFTD patients and its efficacy on gamma oscillatory activity, cognitive function, and brain glucose hypometabolism.
Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from wildlife in central New York
Authors: Chen Tong , Orsi Renato H. , Chen Ruixi , Gunderson Maureen , Roof Sherry , Wiedmann Martin , Childs‐Sanford Sara E. , Cummings Kevin J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundListeria monocytogenes (Lm) present in farming soil and food‐processing facilities threatens food safety, but little is known about the carriage of Lm by wildlife.ObjectivesWe estimated the prevalence of faecal Lm shedding among wildlife admitted to a veterinary medical teaching hospital in central New York and characterized a subset of the Lm isolates.MethodsWildlife samples were collected between May 2018 and December 2019. We characterized the Lm isolates by assessing the growth at three temperatures approximating the body temperatures of reptiles (25°C), mammals (37°C), and birds (42°C) and identifying genotypic characteristics related to transmission and virulence.ResultsThe apparent prevalence of faecal Lm shedding was 5.6% [18/324; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.3%–8.6%]. Among 13 isolates that represented two lineages and 11 clonal complexes, three and five isolates were grouped into the same SNP clusters with human clinical isolates and environmental isolates, respectively. However, specific SNP difference data showed that Lm from wildlife was generally not closely related (>22 SNP differences) to Lm from human clinical sources and the food‐processing environment. While the stress response locus SSI‐2 was absent, SSI‐1 was found in four isolates. Virulence genes prfA, plcA, hly, mpl, actA, plcB, inlA, inlB, inlC, inlE, inlH, inlJ, and inlK were present, without any premature stop codons, in all isolates. Virulence loci Listeria pathogenicity island 3 (LIPI‐3) and LIPI‐4, which have been linked to hypervirulence, and inlG were found in four, three, and seven isolates, respectively.ConclusionsWildlife represents a potential reservoir for genetically diverse and putatively hypervirulent Lm strains. No statistically significant association between growth parameters and hosts was observed. However, compared to lineage I isolates, lineage II isolates showed significantly (p < 0.05) faster growth at 25°C and significantly slower growth at 42°C, suggesting that wildlife Lm isolates that belong to lineages I and II differ in their ability to grow at 25°C and 42°C.
Introduction: Feminism as Method—Navigating Theory and Practice
Authors: Dupuis Constance , Harcourt Wendy , Gaybor Jacqueline , van den Berg Karijn 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe editors set out what the book seeks to trouble and what we are troubled by when speaking about feminist methodologies. We highlight the commonalities and differences across the book showcasing the many methodologies feminism has inspired and shaped. We delve into the patterns we saw woven across the chapters and the major themes that emerge in the book. We reflect on what we learned, what surprised, and what delighted us, as well as the ways in which the creative tensions and the inevitable silences invited us to reflect on what we could not do, the queer art of failure that is also part of our feminist method.
Interconnected Experiences: Embodying Feminist Research with Social Movements
Authors: Flores Golfín Daniela , Rusansky Tamara , Zantvoort Fleur 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents three experiences of doing research with social movements using feminist methodologies. It explores challenges, ethics and possibilities of feminist research with Extinction Rebellion in the Netherlands, the Movement of People Affected by Dams in Brazil and the Abortion Rights Movement in Costa Rica. The chapter asks: What makes these methodologies “feminist”, and how do “feminist researchers” relate to feminist and socio-environmental movements differently? We explore what the role of feminist research and knowledge production is in contributing to social struggles, reflecting on the contradictions of activist and academic knowledge production. All of our engagements approached social movements as producers of situated knowledges and emphasise the importance of our embodied experiences as we actively align ourselves with these struggles.
A Fieldwork Story Told Through Knitting
Authors: Sjamsoe’oed Sadjad Mahardhika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDuring a multi-sited ethnographic research on responses towards the presence of refugees from abroad in Indonesia, I brought along my knitting needles and five colours of yarn. Knitting was an effective outlet to manage the emotions and anxieties of fieldwork. The chapter documents my fieldwork experiences through a knitting project that would use colours to “code” my feelings on a weekly basis. The chapter explores how arts and crafts are used as metaphors to capture the intuitive and emotional dimensions of academia that are often missing from research methodology teaching. The coloured yarns have now been knitted into a striped cloth “scarf” representing the emotional labour of doing research that is partial to fieldwork but often excluded from its retelling.
Epilogue: Learning, Unlearning, and Relearning
Authors: van den Berg Karijn , Dupuis Constance , Gaybor Jacqueline , Harcourt Wendy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe process of engaging with and learning from each other that culminated in this book has been a beautiful experiment in community building. We are grateful for the time and care that each contributor has put into this—beginning with shared laughter and good food in an idyllic setting in Bolsena, Italy, and continuing with the unhurried reading of and commenting on each other’s draft chapters. By way of bringing the collection to a close, we, the editors, offer a few reflections on how to do feminist research. We open up questions around: what it means to trouble and be troubled by; how to learn and unlearn together; and in what ways our methodologies take us beyond academic knowledge production.
Modular curves, the Tate-Shafarevich group and Gopakumar-Vafa invariants with discrete charges
Authors: Schimannek Thorsten 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe show that the stringy Kähler moduli space of a generic genus one curve of degreeN, forN≤ 5, is the Γ1(N) modular curveX1(N). This implies a correspondence between the cusps of the modular curves and certain large volume limits in the stringy Kähler moduli spaces of genus one fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds withN-sections. Using Higgs transitions in M-theory and F-theory as well as modular properties of the topological string partition function, we identify these large volume limits with elements of the Tate-Shafarevich group of the genus one fibration. Singular elements appear in the form of non-commutative resolutions with a torsional B-field at the singularity. The topological string amplitudes that arise at the various large volume limits are related by modular transformations. In particular, we find that the topological string partition function of a smooth genus one fibered Calabi-Yau threefold is transformed into that of a non-commutative resolution of the Jacobian by a Fricke involution. In the case of Calabi-Yau threefolds, we propose an expansion of the partition functions of a singular fibration and its non-commutative resolutions in terms of Gopakumar-Vafa invariants that are associated to BPS states with discrete charges. For genus one fibrations with 5-sections, this provides an enumerative interpretation for the partition functions that arise at certain irrational points of maximally unipotent monodromy.
Holographic description of SCFT5 compactifications
Authors: Legramandi Andrea , Nunez Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present three infinite families of supersymmetric Type IIB backgrounds with AdS4, AdS3 and AdS2 factors, dual to SCFTs in 3, 2 and 1 space-time dimensions respectively. These field theories emerge at low energies, after a twisted compactification of a family of five dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SCFTs on hyperbolic spaces. The holographic flows across dimensions are explicitly computed. We also discuss a family of SUSY breaking backgrounds, dual to a QCD-like quiver with massive (bi)fundamental matter. Some field theoretical observables are computed for these theories at the fixed points and along the flow.
Quadratic curvature corrections to stringy effective actions and the absence of de Sitter vacua
Authors: Cunillera Francesc , Emond William T. , Lehébel Antoine , Padilla Antonio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We investigate the combined effect of fluxes and higher-order curvature corrections, in the form of the Gauss-Bonnet term, on the existence of de Sitter vacua in a heterotic string inspired framework, compactified on spheres and tori. We first gain some intuition on the effects of these corrections by studying a perturbative expansion in the small Gauss-Bonnet coupling. Then, for choices of potential closer to the string theory predictions, we show that the inclusion of quadratic curvature corrections actually reduces the parametric likelihood of de Sitter solutions.
Conformal manifolds and 3d mirrors of (Dn, Dm) theories
Authors: Carta Federico , Giacomelli Simone , Mekareeya Noppadol , Mininno Alessandro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Argyres-Douglas (AD) theories of type (Dn, Dm), realized by type IIB geometrical engineering on a single hypersurface singularity, are studied. We analyze their conformal manifolds and propose the 3d mirror theories of all theories in this class upon reduction on a circle. A subclass of the AD theories in question that admits marginal couplings is found to be SO or USp gaugings of certain Dp(SO(2N)) and Dp(USp(2N)) theories. For such theories, we develop a method to derive this weakly-coupled description from the Newton polygon associated to the singularity. We further find that the presence of crepant resolutions of the geometry is reflected in the presence of a (non-abelian) symplectic-type gauge node in the quiver description of the 3d mirror theory. The other important results include the 3d mirrors of all Dp(SO(2N)) theories, as well as certain properties of the Dp(USp(2N)) theories that admit Lagrangian descriptions.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers
Authors: Grochowska Marta , Perlejewski Karol , Laskus Tomasz , Radkowski Marek 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDisturbances in gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota could play a significant role in the development of GI cancers, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. While some bacteria seem to facilitate carcinogenesis, others appear to be protective. So far only one bacterium (Helicobacter pylori) has been classified by the International Agency for Cancer Research as carcinogenic in humans but many other are the subject of intense research. Most studies on the role of microbiota in GI tract oncogenesis focus on pancreatic and colorectal cancers with the following three species: Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, and Porphyromonas gingivalis as likely causative factors. This review summarizes the role of bacteria in GI tract oncogenesis.
Mining the Vavilov wheat diversity panel for new sources of adult plant resistance to stripe rust
Authors: Jambuthenne Dilani T. , Riaz Adnan , Athiyannan Naveenkumar , Alahmad Samir , Ng Wei Ling , Ziems Laura , Afanasenko Olga , Periyannan Sambasivam K. , Aitken Elizabeth , Platz Greg , Godwin Ian , Voss-Fels Kai P. , Dinglasan Eric , Hickey Lee T. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Key message
Multi-year evaluation of the Vavilov wheat diversity panel identified new sources of adult plant resistance to stripe rust. Genome-wide association studies revealed the key genomic regions influencing resistance, including seven novel loci.

Abstract
Wheat stripe rust (YR) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) poses a significant threat to global food security. Resistance genes commonly found in many wheat varieties have been rendered ineffective due to the rapid evolution of the pathogen. To identify novel sources of adult plant resistance (APR), 292 accessions from the N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Saint Petersburg, Russia, were screened for known APR genes (i.e. Yr18, Yr29, Yr46, Yr33, Yr39 and Yr59) using linked polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular markers. Accessions were evaluated against Pst (pathotype 134 E16 A + Yr17 + Yr27) at seedling and adult plant stages across multiple years (2014, 2015 and 2016) in Australia. Phenotypic analyses identified 132 lines that potentially carry novel sources of APR to YR. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 68 significant marker–trait associations (P < 0.001) for YR resistance, representing 47 independent quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions. Fourteen genomic regions overlapped with previously reported Yr genes, including Yr29, Yr56, Yr5, Yr43, Yr57, Yr30, Yr46, Yr47, Yr35, Yr36, Yrxy1, Yr59, Yr52 and YrYL. In total, seven QTL (positioned on chromosomes 1D, 2A, 3A, 3D, 5D, 7B and 7D) did not collocate with previously reported genes or QTL, indicating the presence of promising novel resistance factors. Overall, the Vavilov diversity panel provides a rich source of new alleles which could be used to broaden the genetic bases of YR resistance in modern wheat varieties.
The Impact of Hospital Surgical Volume on Healthcare Utilization Outcomes After Pediatric Thyroidectomy
Authors: Chesover Alexander D. , Eskander Antoine , Griffiths Rebecca , Pasternak Jesse D. , Pole Jason D. , Wolter Nikolaus E. , Wasserman Jonathan D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundA positive relationship between an individual surgeon's operative volume and clinical outcomes after pediatric and adult thyroidectomy is well‐established. The impact of a hospital's pediatric operative volume on surgical outcomes and healthcare utilization, however, are infrequently reported. We investigated associations between hospital volume and healthcare utilization outcomes following pediatric thyroidectomy in Canada's largest province, Ontario.MethodsRetrospective analysis of administrative and health‐related population‐level data from 1993 to 2017. A cohort of 1908 pediatric (<18 years) index thyroidectomies was established. Hospital volume was defined per‐case as thyroidectomies performed in the preceding year. Healthcare utilization outcomes: length of stay (LOS), same day surgery (SDS), readmission, and emergency department (ED) visits were measured. Multivariate analysis adjusted for patient‐level, disease and hospital‐level co‐variates.ResultsHospitals with the lowest volume of pediatric thyroidectomies, accounted for 30% of thyroidectomies province‐wide and performed 0–1 thyroidectomies/year. The highest‐volume hospitals performed 19–60 cases/year. LOS was 0.64 days longer in the highest, versus the lowest quartile. SDS was 83% less likely at the highest, versus the lowest quartile. Hospital volume was not associated with rate of readmission or ED visits. Increased ED visits were, however, associated with male sex, increased material deprivation, and rurality.ConclusionsIncreased hospital pediatric surgical volume was associated with increased LOS and lower likelihood of SDS. This may reflect patient complexity at such centers. In this cohort, low‐volume hospitals were not associated with poorer healthcare utilization outcomes. Further study of groups disproportionately accessing the ED post‐operatively may help direct resources to these populations.
The Femoral Vein as a Long‐Term Aorto‐Iliac Graft for Aortic Infection and Aortitis
Authors: Eilenberg W. , Klopf J. , Domenig C. M. , Klinger M. , Wolf F. , Gollackner B. , Nanobachvili J. , Neumayer C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundReconstruction of the aorto‐iliac segment with femoral vein (FV) as substitute for infected synthetic grafts or mycotic aneurysms constitutes the most sustainably convenient alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term outcome of up to 16 years of follow‐up, analysing the morphologic adaption of the FV with special emphasis on the distal and proximal anastomoses.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of 22 patients with 109 computed tomography angiograms (CTAs) treated between August 2001 and January 2020 in case of aortic infection/aortitis. Morphologic changes like anastomotic dilatation/stenosis as well as changes of FV wall thickness were retrospectively analysed in pre‐ and postoperative CTAs.ResultsElective procedure was done in 17/22 (77%) cases, and 5/22 (23%) patients required emergent surgery. The median follow‐up was 91.5 months (P25;P75 = 21;117). Cross‐sectional diameter of proximal (20.38 ± 3.77 vs 22.04 ± 3.97 mm, p = 0.007) and distal anastomoses (13.05 ± 4.23 vs 14.61 ± 5.19 mm, p = 0.05) increased significantly, as well as the proximal and distal anastomotic areas (3.36 ± 1.29 vs 4.32 ± 1.63 mm2, p = 0.04 and 0.99 ± 0.48 vs 1.25 ± 0.72 mm2, p = 0.023, respectively). Venous wall thickness was significantly reduced at the anastomotic site (1.74 ± 0.46 vs 1.24 ± 0.31 mm, p = 0.001). The upper thigh diameter did not differ before and after harvesting of the FV (161.6 ± 29.1 vs. 178.2 ± 23.3 mm, p = 0.326, respectively).ConclusionThis long‐term CTA follow‐up study showed that the FV wall becomes thinner at the anastomotic site, and the anastomoses dilate with time without rupture. The FV is a durable conductor after replacement of the aorto‐iliac segment due to aortic infection. Further CTA studies from more centres are warranted to evaluate the risk of vein rupture.