bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Welche Auswirkungen haben größere Wahlkreise auf das politische Verhalten? Ein empirischer Beitrag zur Wahlrechtsreform
Authors: Sohnius Marie-Lou , Gschwend Thomas , Rittmann Oliver 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungWelche Veränderungen bringt eine Vergrößerung einzelner Wahlkreise für das Verhältnis von Wählenden und Gewählten mit sich? Der Bundestag wächst mit jeder Wahl weiter an, doch dem soll, unter anderem, durch die Arbeit der „Kommission zur Reform des Wahlrechts und zur Modernisierung der Parlamentsarbeit“ entgegengewirkt werden. Eine der meistdiskutierten Empfehlungen zur Eindämmung der Bundestagsgröße ist die Verringerung der Anzahl der Wahlkreise. Jene Maßnahme wird jedoch oft kritisiert, da eine damit einhergehende Vergrößerung einzelner Wahlkreise nicht nur praktisch, sondern auch politisch zu weniger Nähe zwischen Abgeordneten und Bürger*innen führen könnte. Mithilfe von Daten akademischer Nachwahlstudien für alle Bundestagswahlen von 2002–2021 in Kombination mit Strukturdaten aller Wahlkreise des Bundeswahlleiters untersuchen wir, welche möglichen Konsequenzen es für Wähler*innen hätte, wenn die Anzahl der deutschen Bundestagswahlkreise von bisher 299 verkleinert würde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass größere Wahlkreise weder hinsichtlich der Zunahme der Bevölkerung noch der Fläche des Wahlkreisgebietes mit geringerer Demokratiezufriedenheit oder Bürgerkompetenz („political efficacy“) von Wähler*innen in Deutschland einhergehen. Wenn also die Zusammenlegung von Wahlkreisen dazu beiträgt, die Größe des Bundestags zu verkleinern, so gibt es in Hinsicht auf die von uns untersuchten Faktoren keine erkennbaren Gründe seitens der Wählenden gegen eine jene Reform.
Neurorehabilitation of Offenders, Consent and Consequentialist Ethics
Authors: Lara Francisco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The new biotechnology raises expectations for modifying human behaviour through its use. This article focuses on the ethical analysis of the not so remote possibility of rehabilitating criminals by means of neurotechnological techniques. The analysis is carried out from a synthetic position of, on the one hand, the consequentialist conception of what is right and, on the other hand, the emphasis on individual liberties. As a result, firstly, the ethical appropriateness of adopting a general predisposition for allowing the neurorehabilitation of prisoners only if it is safe and if they give their consent will be defended. But, at the same time, reasons will be given for requiring, in certain circumstances, the exceptional use of neurotechnology to rehabilitate severely psychopathic prisoners, even against their will, from the same ethical perspective.
Effectiveness of a Brief Mindfulness-Based Intervention of “STOP touching your face” During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tang Jinsong , Wang Ling , Luo Tao , Wu Shiyou , Wu Zhenzhen , Chen Jianhua , Pan Chen , Wang Yunfei , Liu Yueheng , Luo Qinghua , Guo Xin , Xie Liqin , Zhou Jun , Sun Yunkai , Chen Wei , Liao Yanhui 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Avoiding touching the eyes, nose, and mouth (T-zone) is a strategy to reduce the spread of COVID-19. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) named “STOP (Stop, Take a Breath, Observe, Proceed) touching your face” for reducing face-touching behavior.

Methods
In this online-based, two-arm, wait-list, randomized controlled trial, eligible participants were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 545) or control group (n = 545). The results of 60-min self-monitoring of face-touching behavior were reported before and after the intervention. Reduction of the percentage of T-zone touching was the primary outcome, and reduction of face-touching frequency was a key secondary outcome. Outcomes were analyzed on an intention-to-treat (ITT) basis with a complete case analysis (CCA).

Results
ITT analysis revealed that the percentage of T-zone touching was significantly reduced by 8.1% in the intervention group (from 81.1 to 73.0%, RR = 0.901, OR = 0.631, RD =  − 0.081, p = 0.002), and insignificantly reduced by 0.6% in the control group (from 80.0 to 79.4%, p = 0.821). Fewer participants performed T-zone touching in the intervention group than in the control group (73.0% vs. 79.4%, RR = 0.919, OR = 0.700, RD =  − 0.064, p = 0.015) after the intervention, and there was a greater reduction of T-zone touching frequency in the intervention group than in the control group [mean ± SD: 1.7 ± 5.13 vs. 0.7 ± 3.98, mean difference (95% CI): 1.03 (0.48 to 1.58), p < 0.001, Cohen’s d =  − 0.218]. The above results were further confirmed by CCA.

Conclusions
This brief mindfulness-based intervention was potentially effective at reducing the spread of COVID-19 and could be further investigated as an intervention for preventing other infectious diseases spread by hand-to-face touching.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04330352.
Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on Solanum lyratum: a review
Authors: Zhao Yue , Gao Wen-Ke , Wang Xiang-Dong , Zhang Li-Hua , Yu Hai-Yang , Wu Hong-Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolanum lyratum is one of the temperate plants, broadly distributed in Korea, China, Japan, India, and South-East Asia and well-documented in those oriental ethnic medicine systems for curing cancers, jaundice, edema, gonorrhea, cholecystitis, phlogosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. This review systematically summarized the research progress on S. lyratum respecting the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology to increase people's in-depth understanding of this plant, by data retrieval in a series of online or off-line electronic databases as far as we can reach. Steroidal saponins and alkaloids, terpenoids, nitrogenous compounds, and flavonoid compounds are the main chemical constituents in S. lyratum. Among them, steroidal alkaloids and saponins are the major active ingredients ever found in S. lyratum, exerting activities of anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-microbial, anti-allergy, and anti-oxidation in vivo or in vitro. As a result, S. lyratum has been frequently prescribed for the abovementioned therapeutic purposes, and there are substantial traditional and modern shreds of evidence of its use.
Graphical Abstract
Fully adaptive recommendation paradigm: top-enhanced recommender distillation for intelligent education systems
Authors: Ren Yimeng , Liang Kun , Shang Yuhu , Zhang Xiankun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTop-N recommendation has received great attention in assisting students in providing personalized learning guidance on the required subject/domain. Generally, existing approaches mainly aim to maximize the overall accuracy of the recommendation list while ignoring the accuracy of highly ranked recommended exercises, which seriously affects the students’ learning enthusiasm. Motivated by the Knowledge Distillation (KD) technique, we skillfully design a fully adaptive recommendation paradigm named Top-enhanced Recommender Distillation framework (TERD) to improve the recommendation effect of the top positions. Specifically, the proposed TERD transfers the knowledge of an arbitrary recommender (teacher network), and injects it into a well-designed student network. The prior knowledge provided by the teacher network, including student-exercise embeddings, and candidate exercise subsets, are further utilized to define the state and action space of the student network (i.e., DDQN). In addition, the student network introduces a well-designed state representation scheme and an effective individual ability tracing model to enhance the recommendation accuracy of top positions. The developed TERD follows a flexible model-agnostic paradigm that not only simplifies the action space of the student network, but also promotes the recommendation accuracy of the top position, thus enhancing the students’ motivation and engagement in e-learning environment. We implement our proposed approach on three well-established datasets and evaluate its Top-enhanced performance. The experimental evaluation on three publicly available datasets shows that our proposed TERD scheme effectively resolves the Top-enhanced recommendation issue.
Boundary Transitions Within, Across, and Beyond a Set of Digital Resources: Brokering in College Algebra
Authors: Johnson Heather Lynn , Olson Gary , Tsinnajinnie Belin , Bechtold Livvia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We address a problem of promoting instructional transformation in early undergraduate mathematics courses, via an intervention incorporating novel digital resources (“techtivities”), in conjunction with a faculty learning community (FLC). The techtivities can serve as boundary objects, in order to bridge different communities to which instructors belong. Appealing to Etienne Wenger’s Communities of Practice theory, we theorise a role of the instructor as a broker, facilitating “boundary transitions” within, across, and beyond a set of digital resources. By “boundary transition”, we mean a transition that is also a brokering move; instructors connect different communities as they draw links between items in their instruction. To ground our argument, we provide empirical evidence from an instructor, Rachel, whose boundary transitions served three functions: (1) to position the techtivities as something that count in the classroom community and connect to topics valued by the broader mathematics community; (2) to communicate to students that their reasoning matters more than whether they provide a correct answer, a practice promoted in the FLC; (3) to connect students’ responses to mathematical ideas discussed in the FLC, in which graphs represent a relationship between variables. Instructors’ boundary transitions can serve to legitimise novel digital resources within an existing course and thereby challenge the status quo in courses where skills and procedures may take precedence over reasoning and sense-making.
Development and actualization of brownfields database with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles - the case of Upper Silesia, Poland
Authors: Zgórska Aleksandra , Hamerla Adam , Bondaruk Jan , Zawartka Paweł 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the assumptions and the preliminary results of the project entitled “Extension of the system for management of post-mining areas in the Silesian province - OPI TPP 2.0”. The overall objective of the project is to develop and implement a new e-service in the form of an open-access information system on post-mining areas in the Silesia Voivodeship. The range of information and tools planned to be made available is dedicated to assessing the possibilities and potential for economic and social reuse of these areas. The basic and extremely important stage of the project was to identify and collect data on post-industrial sites located in the Silesia Province. The information contained in this article illustrates the activities that were carried out in the initial phase of the project in which unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) were used to identify and acquire information on brownfields (including post-mining sites) entered into the developed common database. The article assesses the possibility of using drones in an enterprise of such a large scale and also points out the advantages of using this method. The article describes the methodology and scope of work related to the acquisition of data that can be collected using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) covering surface infrastructure and land use of brownfields, allowing for the identification of negative phenomena on their site as well as monitoring of naturally occurring processes. Based on fieldworks experience and the results of numerous analyses carried out for different types of brownfields (e.g. post-mining areas, former transport bases, settling ponds, etc.), paper presents the advantages and benefits of drones (UAN) over other data sources used to monitor changes in an area. The article is based on the results of an inventory of over 600 brownfields located in Upper Silesia region (Silesia Voivodeship, Poland).
Enforcement of a Formal Conception of the Rule of Law as a Potential Way Forward to Address Backsliding: Hungary as a Case Study
Authors: Bárd Petra , Kazai Viktor Zoltán 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rule of law as a foundational value of European integration has been taken for granted in the Member States, along the presumption that “once a democracy, always a democracy”. This optimistic presumption proved to be wrong, when in the 2010s a top-down and systemic decline in the rule of law started, first in Hungary, then in Poland. Even though EU action against rule of law backsliding in the Member States is of existential importance for the whole European project, EU institutions seem to be either silent or too slow and inefficient when tackling the problem. In this paper we are focusing on the Court of Justice of the EU, which was emphasizing violations of a substantive understanding of the rule of law. Against this background we argue that adherence to a formal understanding or at the minimum incorporating arguments related to a formal concept of the rule of law would have been beneficial both in terms of speed and desired effect. Taking Hungary as an example we show that the lack of preliminary consultations and impact assessments during lawmaking, the enactment of significant legislative reforms in accelerated procedures without any adequate justification, the adoption of ad hominem laws, or the unclarity and unpredictability of legislation are all manifest violations of the formal understanding of the rule of law. There is significant potential in this approach that we believe the EU institutions have not exploited fully.
Electron-optical in-situ crack monitoring during electron beam powder bed fusion of the Ni-Base superalloy CMSX-4
Authors: Bäreis Johannes , Semjatov Nick , Renner Jakob , Ye Jihui , Zongwen Fu , Körner Carolin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectron beam powder bed fusion (PBF-EB) of Ni-base superalloys such as CMSX-4 is a demanding process. Using conventional PBF-EB machines, process observation is done by mounting optical camera systems on viewing windows at the top of the build chamber. However, the concomitant metallization blocks optical observation methods with increasing build time. Therefore, build quality evaluation is normally done after the process utilizing visual inspection or subsequent metallurgical analysis. In this work, CMSX-4 is processed using a freely programmable PBF-EB machine with an electron optical (ELO) imaging system. It consists of a four-segment ELO detector and in-house developed imaging software. The ELO system works reliably for almost 30 h of build time and allows a layerwise monitoring of the build area. A comparison of in-situ ELO monitoring and the sample surfaces shows remarkable accordance. Furthermore, ELO imaging is applied to exemplarily document surface cracking over long build times. Therefore, the present study successfully demonstrates the application of ELO imaging for improved process control under the demanding test conditions of Ni-base superalloys.
Investigating factors for using insurance apps by customers: a study of a developing country
Authors: Pham Quoc Trung , Nguyen Huynh Ngoc Diem , Misra Sanjay , Misra Abhavya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith the fast development of insurtech, many researchers are doing research in understanding customer behavior regarding the adoption of insurance applications. However, there is a lack of research on the subject in developing countries such as Vietnam. The primary purpose of this article is to develop a predictive model for the intention to use the insurance application of individual customers in Vietnam. In this research, the quantitative research method is conducted based on survey data collected in Ho Chi Minh City. Data are tested using various methods, such as Cronbach’s Alpha, EFA, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression. From the analysis results, some factors positively influencing the intention to use insurance applications are identified, including Trust, Ease of Use, and Usefulness. However, the impact of Risk on Usefulness is not confirmed based on the sample data. From the analysis results, some managerial implications are made to improve the intention to use insurance applications of customers in Vietnam.
The Potential Protective Role of GS-441524, a Metabolite of the Prodrug Remdesivir, in Vaccine Breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 Infections
Authors: Zhu JiaYi , Li Yuchong , Liang Jady , Mubareka Samira , Slutsky Arthur S. , Zhang Haibo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCases of vaccine breakthrough, especially in variants of concern (VOCs) infections, are emerging in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Due to mutations of structural proteins (SPs) (e.g., Spike proteins), increased transmissibility and risk of escaping from vaccine-induced immunity have been reported amongst the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Remdesivir was the first to be granted emergency use authorization but showed little impact on survival in patients with severe COVID-19. Remdesivir is a prodrug of the nucleoside analogue GS-441524 which is converted into the active nucleotide triphosphate to disrupt viral genome of the conserved non-structural proteins (NSPs) and thus block viral replication. GS-441524 exerts a number of pharmacological advantages over Remdesivir: (1) it needs fewer conversions for bioactivation to nucleotide triphosphate; (2) it requires only nucleoside kinase, while Remdesivir requires several hepato-renal enzymes, for bioactivation; (3) it is a smaller molecule and has a potency for aerosol and oral administration; (4) it is less toxic allowing higher pulmonary concentrations; (5) it is easier to be synthesized. The current article will focus on the discussion of interactions between GS-441524 and NSPs of VOCs to suggest potential application of GS-441524 in breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections.
A Photogrammetry-Assisted Methodology for the Documentation of Complex Stratigraphic Relationships
Authors: Whitford Brent , Boyadzhiev Kamen , Ivanov Miroslav , Tyufekchiev Konstantin , Boyadzhiev Yavor 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTAt Tell Yunatsite, a prehistoric settlement mound located in the Upper Thracian plain of Bulgaria, stratigraphic relationships between archaeological deposits are incredibly complex. Such complexity then prompted our exploration into developing a new methodology for the documentation of complex stratigraphic relationships. Here, we present the results of a new photogrammetry-assisted methodology that was developed to compensate for the shortcomings of currently utilized stratigraphic documentation methods, such as the Wheeler-Kenyon box grid and the Harris Matrix. First, using a UAV drone, we produce a high-resolution photogrammetric model of the entire site. Second, with structure from motion photogrammetry, we produce 2.5D models of excavation units in stratigraphic succession. Finally, utilizing GIS and Blender (a 3D computer graphics software application), we digitize the horizontal extents of each archaeological deposit and “fill” the space between their successive surfaces (from top to bottom) until a faithful 3D model of each deposit is generated. These deposit models are then combined and rendered simultaneously to form 3D block models of the excavation units that may, in turn, be cross-sectioned in any direction to view stratigraphic relationships in virtual profile.
Impact of gut permeability on the breast microbiome using a non-human primate model
Authors: Bawaneh Alaa , Shively Carol A. , Tooze Janet Austin , Cook Katherine Loree 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We previously demonstrated in non-human primates (NHP) that Mediterranean diet consumption shifted the proportional abundance of Lactobacillus in the breast and gut. This data highlights a potential link about gut-breast microbiome interconnectivity. To address this question, we compared bacterial populations identified in matched breast and faecal samples from our NHP study. Dietary pattern concurrently shifted two species in both regions; Streptococcus lutetiensis and Ruminococcus torques. While we observe similar trends in Lactobacillus abundances in the breast and gut, the species identified in each region vary; Mediterranean diet increased Lactobacillus_ unspecified species in breast but regulated L. animalis and L. reuteri in the gut. We also investigated the impact of gut permeability on the breast microbiome. Regardless of dietary pattern, subjects that displayed increased physiological measures of gut permeability (elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide, decreased villi length, and decreased goblet cells) displayed a significantly different breast microbiome. Gut barrier dysfunction was associated with increased α-diversity and significant different β-diversity in the breast tissue. Taken together our data supports the presence of a breast microbiome influenced by diet that largely varies from the gut microbiome population but is, however, sensitive to gut permeability.
Revisiting property transfer theory: English law and Chinese law compared
Authors: Wu Zhicheng , Chen Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe relationship between a conveyance's validity and its underlying contract has been a classic but unsettled topic for comparative private lawyers over the past three decades. This paper attempts to add positivist and normative observations drawn from property transfer theories and practices in English and Chinese law. A jurisdiction adopting an ‘intent plus’ model does not necessarily recognise a separate intent to convey distinct from the intent in the underlying contract, as exemplified by Chinese law, while a jurisdiction adopting the ‘intent alone’ model does not necessarily deny the separate intent to convey, as exemplified by English law. One advantage for a jurisdiction that takes the separatist approach is its flexibility, so that it can still choose between pure causality, pure abstraction, or context-based abstraction at a later stage. Recent developments show that English and Chinese law are moving towards this approach. As to whether flaws in the underlying contract infect the validity of the conveyance, the English position depends on vitiating factors, whereas the mainstream Chinese judgments tend to be pro-causal. Justifications favouring causality provided in the English and Chinese academia are different, though neither can stand up to scrutiny. The detecting opportunity argument submitted in this paper helps to justify abstraction.
A Dramatic Heist of Epic Proportion: Iphigenia among the Taurians in the Acts of the Apostles
Authors: Bilby Mark G. , Lefteratou Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile scholars have explored the profound influence of Iphigenia among the Taurians (IT) on Greco-Roman fiction, including Christian apocryphal Acts, the play has yet to be considered seriously as a potential inspiration on the canonical Acts of the Apostles. A close comparison of IT with the story of the Ephesian riot (Acts 19:21–20:1) reveals a compelling relationship in matters of plot, setting, characterization, purpose, and themes. The Ephesus saga in Acts achieves a creatively miniaturized and satirized recasting of this famous Euripidean play.