bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DI-5-Cuffs: Bone Remodelling and Associated Metabolism Markers in Humans After Five Days of Dry Immersion to Simulate Microgravity
Authors: Linossier Marie-Thérèse , Peurière Laura , Fernandez Peter , Normand Myriam , Beck Arnaud , Bareille Marie-Pierre , Bonneau Christine , Gauquelin-Koch Guillemette , Vico Laurence 
Published: April 2022

Background: The dry immersion (DI) model closely reproduces factors of spaceflight environment such as supportlessness, mechanical and axial unloading, physical inactivity, and induces early increased bone resorption activity and metabolic responses as well as fluid centralization. The main goal of this experiment was to assess the efficacity of venoconstrictive thigh cuffs, as countermeasure to limit cephalad fluidshift, on DI-induced deconditioning, in particular for body fluids and related ophthalmological disorders. Our specific goal was to deepen our knowledge on the DI effects on the musculoskeletal events and to test whether intermittent counteracting fluid transfer would affect DI-induced bone modifications.Methods: Eighteen males divided into Control (DI) or Cuffs (DI-TC) group underwent an unloading condition for 5 days. DI-TC group wore thigh cuffs 8–10 h/day during DI period. Key markers of bone turnover, phospho-calcic metabolism and associated metabolic factors were measured.Results: In the DI group, bone resorption increased as shown by higher level in Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b at DI24h. C-terminal telopeptide levels were unchanged. Bone formation and mineralization were also affected at DI24h with a decreased in collagen type I synthesis and an increased bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. In addition, osteocalcin and periostin levels decreased at DI120h. Calcemia increased up to a peak at DI48h, inducing a trend to decrease in parathyroid hormone levels at DI120h. Phosphatemia remained unchanged. Insulin-like growth factor 1 and visfatin were very sensitive to DI conditions as evidenced by higher levels by 120% vs. baseline for visfatin at DI48h. Lipocalin-2, a potential regulator of bone homeostasis, and irisin were unchanged. The changes in bone turnover markers were similar in the two groups. Only periostin and visfatin changes were, at least partially, prevented by thigh cuffs.Conclusion: This study confirmed the rapid dissociation between bone formation and resorption under DI conditions. It revealed an adaptation peak at DI48h, then the maintenance of this new metabolic state during all DI. Notably, collagen synthesis and mineralisation markers evolved asynchronously. Thigh cuffs did not prevent significantly the DI-induced deleterious effects on bone cellular activities and/or energy metabolism.
Automatic 3D Surface Reconstruction of the Left Atrium From Clinically Mapped Point Clouds Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Xiong Zhaohan , Stiles Martin K. , Yao Yan , Shi Rui , Nalar Aaqel , Hawson Josh , Lee Geoffrey , Zhao Jichao 
Published: April 2022

Point clouds are a widely used format for storing information in a memory-efficient and easily manipulatable representation. However, research in the application of point cloud mapping and subsequent organ reconstruction with deep learning, is limited. In particular, current methods for left atrium (LA) visualization using point clouds recorded from clinical mapping during cardiac ablation are proprietary and remain difficult to validate. Many clinics rely on additional imaging such as MRIs/CTs to improve the accuracy of LA mapping. In this study, for the first time, we proposed a novel deep learning framework for the automatic 3D surface reconstruction of the LA directly from point clouds acquired via widely used clinical mapping systems. The backbone of our framework consists of a 30-layer 3D fully convolutional neural network (CNN). The architecture contains skip connections that perform multi-resolution processing to maximize information extraction from the point clouds and ensure a high-resolution prediction by combining features at different receptive levels. We used large kernels with increased receptive fields to address the sparsity of the point clouds. Residual blocks and activation normalization were further implemented to improve the feature learning on sparse inputs. By utilizing a light-weight design with low-depth layers, our CNN took approximately 10 s per patient. Independent testing on two cross-modality clinical datasets showed excellent dice scores of 93% and surface-to-surface distances below 1 pixel. Overall, our study may provide a more efficient, cost-effective 3D LA reconstruction approach during ablation procedures, and potentially lead to improved treatment of cardiac diseases.
Erysense, a Lab-on-a-Chip-Based Point-of-Care Device to Evaluate Red Blood Cell Flow Properties With Multiple Clinical Applications
Authors: Recktenwald Steffen M. , Lopes Marcelle G. M. , Peter Stephana , Hof Sebastian , Simionato Greta , Peikert Kevin , Hermann Andreas , Danek Adrian , van Bentum Kai , Eichler Hermann , Wagner Christian , Quint Stephan , Kaestner Lars 
Published: April 2022

In many medical disciplines, red blood cells are discovered to be biomarkers since they “experience” various conditions in basically all organs of the body. Classical examples are diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. However, recently the red blood cell distribution width (RDW), is often referred to, as an unspecific parameter/marker (e.g., for cardiac events or in oncological studies). The measurement of RDW requires venous blood samples to perform the complete blood cell count (CBC). Here, we introduce Erysense, a lab-on-a-chip-based point-of-care device, to evaluate red blood cell flow properties. The capillary chip technology in combination with algorithms based on artificial neural networks allows the detection of very subtle changes in the red blood cell morphology. This flow-based method closely resembles in vivo conditions and blood sample volumes in the sub-microliter range are sufficient. We provide clinical examples for potential applications of Erysense as a diagnostic tool [here: neuroacanthocytosis syndromes (NAS)] and as cellular quality control for red blood cells [here: hemodiafiltration (HDF) and erythrocyte concentrate (EC) storage]. Due to the wide range of the applicable flow velocities (0.1–10 mm/s) different mechanical properties of the red blood cells can be addressed with Erysense providing the opportunity for differential diagnosis/judgments. Due to these versatile properties, we anticipate the value of Erysense for further diagnostic, prognostic, and theragnostic applications including but not limited to diabetes, iron deficiency, COVID-19, rheumatism, various red blood cell disorders and anemia, as well as inflammation-based diseases including sepsis.
The Effect of Outcome vs. Process Accountability-Focus on Performance: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sharon Ira , Drach-Zahavy Anat , Srulovici Einav 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe foundation of a safe practice is accountability, especially outcome- rather than process-focused accountability, particularly during pandemics such as COVID-19. Accountability is an essential behavior that promotes congruence between nursing actions and standards associated with quality of care. Moreover, the scant research examining whether one accountability focus is superior in motivating humans to better task performance yields inconclusive results.AimsSystematically examine the effect of an outcome- vs. process-accountability focus on performance and identify any moderating variables.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesPsycINFO, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases, with all publications to November 2020.Review methodsA systematic search using Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was performed. Statistical analysis and forest plots were performed using MetaXL 5.3. Heterogeneity was presented using I2statistics and Q tests, and possible publication bias was assessed with a Doi plot and the LFK index.ResultsSeven studies representing nine experiments involving 1,080 participants were included. The pooled effect of the nine experiments on task performance failed to show significant differences (mean = −0.09; 95% Confidence Interval [95%CI]: −0.21, 0.03), but a significant moderating effect of task complexity was demonstrated. Specifically, outcome accountability exerts a beneficial effect in complex tasks (mean = −0.48 [95%CI: −0.62, −0.33]) whereas process accountability improves the performance in simpler tasks (mean = 0.96 [95%CI: 0.72, 1.20]).ConclusionThese findings demonstrated that accountability focus by itself cannot serve as a sole motivator of better performance, because task complexity moderates the link between accountability focus and task performance. Outcome accountability exerts a beneficial effect for more-complex tasks, whereas process accountability improves the performance of simpler tasks. These findings are crucial in nursing, where it is typically assumed that a focus on outcomes is more important than a focus on processes.
Romantic Relationships and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Austria: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Till Benedikt , Niederkrotenthaler Thomas 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies suggest that romantic relationships can be beneficial to mental health, but may also be a major stressor depending on specific relationship characteristics. Studies examining the role of romantic relationship in mental health are scarce. This study aimed to investigate differences in mental health with regards to relationship characteristics.MethodsWe assessed individuals’ mental health, i.e., suicidal ideation (via Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation, BSS), depression (via Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9), anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), experience of psychological and physical violence, including changes in suicidal ideation and anxiety compared to before the pandemic, and relationship characteristics (i.e., relationship status, satisfaction, and commitment as well as family structure) with online questionnaires in a population-based cross-sectional study with 3,012 respondents in Austria during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThere were small to medium–sized group differences with regards to relationship status and satisfaction (ηp2: 0.011–0.056). Most mental health outcomes were less favorable in singles than in individuals in happy relationships, but scores for anxiety (p &lt; 0.001), psychological (p &lt; 0.001) and physical violence (p &lt; 0.001), and the probability of experiencing an increase in anxiety compared to before the pandemic (p &lt; 0.01) were lower in singles as compared to those with low relationship satisfaction. Furthermore, scores for suicidal ideation (p &gt; 0.001) and psychological (p &gt; 0.01) and physical violence (p &gt; 0.01) were highest in individuals in relationships with low commitment and with a child living in the same household, but effect sizes were small (ηp2: 0.004–0.015).ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, as compared to singles, mental health appeared worse in individuals with low relationship satisfaction and those in a relationship with low commitment and with a child in the household. Living in a happy relationship was associated with somewhat better mental health.
Serious Video Games: Angels or Demons in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder? A Quasi-Systematic Review
Authors: Rodrigo-Yanguas María , González-Tardón Carlos , Bella-Fernández Marcos , Blasco-Fontecilla Hilario 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo carry out a quasi-systematic review of the use of serious video games for health as a cognitive rehabilitative tool in patients diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.MethodA quasi-systematic review of serious video games used as an evaluative and rehabilitative tool in patients with ADHD was conducted. It included behavioral patterns in the use of video games and addiction problems in this population. For its elaboration the PRISMA GUIDES were followed. The search was carried out in three PubMed databases, MEDLINE, and PsycInfo using the keywords: [game OR serious game OR computer game) AND (psychotherapy OR rehabilitation OR intervention OR mental disorders) AND (adhd)], [(adhd) AND (Video game addiction)]. All articles written in English, Spanish, or Portuguese from January 1970 to June 2021 were included: those in which reference was made to the use of video games and/or new technologies as a therapeutic and evaluative tool in children and adults diagnosed with ADHD, as well as those that referred to behavioral and clinical patterns in the use of video games.ResultsWe found 605 articles of which 128 were reviewed (44 observational studies, 26 quasi-experimental studies, 26 experimental studies, 8 systematic reviews, 9 narrative texts, 6 case reports, 7 pilot studies, 8 systematic reviews, and 2 meta-analyses). Serious video games can be used to ameliorate ADHD symptoms while improving adherence to treatment. Some serious video games show high accuracy properties assessing ADHD features.ConclusionSerious video games for health are increasingly being used as a cognitive rehabilitation tool in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Systematic Review Registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero], identifier [CRD42021247784].
A Positive Legacy of Trauma? The Role of Perceived Social Support on Mental Health Among Earthquake Survivors During the COVID-19 Outbreak
Authors: Wang Dongfang , Zhai Shuyi , Chen Jiaqiao , Chen Yao , Hua Shiming , Wang Chengchen , Fan Fang , Liu Xianchen 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPeople with prior experience of severe trauma may be particularly vulnerable in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about mental health problems among prior trauma survivors during the pandemic outbreak.MethodsA total of 362 Wenchuan earthquake survivors were assessed using Patient Health Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, as well as Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as part of an online survey between February 3 and 10, 2020.ResultsOur results showed that 6.6 and 4.7% of the participants experienced depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak, respectively. Perceived social support was negatively associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Earthquake exposure has no direct effect on current depressive and anxiety symptoms, but it would moderate the direct relationship between perceived social support and psychological symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that trauma exposure may lead to salutogenic outcomes. The protective effect of perceived social support on psychological symptoms was greater in people with a higher level of trauma exposure than in a lower one.
NBCA-Lipiodol Mixture Embolization of Persistent Urine Leakage After Orthotopic Neobladder Formation: Techniques and Outcomes
Authors: Han Jang Hee , Yuk Hyeong Dong , Choi Jin Woo , Ku Ja Hyeon 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo show the effective and successful technical approach of percutaneous embolization for persistent urine leakage that occurred after orthotopic neobladder formation.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent percutaneous embolization of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and lipiodol mixture after orthotopic neobladder formation at the Seoul National University Hospital (Seoul, Korea) from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020.ResultsAmong total of 182 patients of neobladder formation, five patients (four males and one female) were enrolled in this study, and their median age was 61.0 years (interquartile range (IQR): 42.5–69.5 years). All the patients showed persistent urine leakage at the neobladder-urethral anastomosis site and percutaneous drainage was primarily performed. The median time to perform percutaneous embolization was 40 days (IQR: 31.5–71.5 days) postoperatively. Elective two-staged embolization was performed in three cases for large diameter with a large fluid-filled cavity, while re-embolization was needed for delayed recurrence of urine leakage in two cases. Complete resolution of urine leakage was seen in all the cases and the median time to leakage closure was 55 days (IQR: 27.5–82.5 days). The median follow-up period after leakage closure was 26 months (IQR: 15.5–36.4 months), and embolization material-related bladder stone was a noticeable complication (two cases) during follow-up, which was removed endoscopically within 1 year after embolization. All patients' quality of life (EQ-5D-5L score) was well-maintained during the entire period.ConclusionsPersistent urine leakage after neobladder formation can be effectively managed with percutaneous embolization of “dumbbell technique” by reinforcing the closure of leakage tract from inner opening to the outer opening even for large diameter (&gt;1 cm).
The Application of Anatomy Combined With Ultrasound Knife in Transaxillary Endoscopic Biplane Breast Augmentation
Authors: Xiong Jiachao , Hou Qiang , Hu Zheyuan , Gao Yakun , Lu Lu , Sun Meiqing , Hu Hao , Qian Yuxin , Wang Hui , Jiang Hua 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveWe aim to clarify the vascular and nerve anatomy of the breast and combine it with an ultrasound knife to use in transaxillary endoscopic biplane breast augmentation.MethodsThis study is a retrospective review of patients undergoing transaxillary endoscopic biplane breast augmentation between October and October 2021. Related variables were collected using a standardized data collection template. The detailed process of the transaxillary endoscopic biplane breast augmentation under anatomy instruction is carefully described in this study, and the postoperative effect was closely observed.ResultsSixty-three female patients underwent transaxillary endoscopic biplane breast augmentation. The average implants volume counted 242.46 ± 31.34 cc, and the average operation time was 155.92 ± 22.34 min. Patients were followed up for a mean of 13.67 months (range, 3–27 months), and most of the patients achieved good postoperative results and no severe complications and were satisfied with both appearance and function.ConclusionsThe application of anatomy combined with an ultrasound knife in transaxillary endoscopic biplane breast augmentation is a promising way to achieve good breast shapes with high patient satisfaction and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Effectiveness and Clinical Value of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and Cholangiography in the Diagnosis of Biliary Calculi
Authors: Zhao Yunqing , Tao Hongbo , Liu Yanqin , Sha Gen , Yi Xianyun , Qin Qin , Jin Dong , He Chengjie , Wu Xianghong , Zhou Qing 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness and clinical value of cholangiography in the diagnosis of bile duct stones in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods200 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2019 were randomly divided into research group and control group, with 100 cases in each group. The research group underwent choledochotomy and exploration with the help of choledochoscope, while the control group underwent cholangiography to diagnose bile duct stones. The cure rate, residual stone rate, complication rate, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Resultsin the control group, 9 cases were converted to laparotomy, 20 cases of common bile duct stones, 10 cases of bile duct injury and 6 cases of common bile duct variation. In the research group, there were 2 cases of conversion to laparotomy, 12 cases of common bile duct stones, 2 cases of bile duct injury and 4 cases of common bile duct variation. The cure rate of the researchgroup was higher than that of the control group, There was significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05). The residual amount of stones in the research group was lower than that in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the research group was lower than that in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05). The patient satisfaction in the research group was higher than that in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05). The intraoperative blood output of the research group was lower than that of the observation group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusioncholangiography is an effective method for the diagnosis of bile duct stones in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Clarifying the variation and anatomical structure of bile duct is helpful to improve the surgical cure rate, reduce the residual rate of postoperative stones and the incidence of complications, reduce the amount of intraoperative bleeding, shorten the hospital stay, and promote the postoperative rehabilitation of patients.
Impact of Medical Community Model on Intravenous Alteplase Door-to-Needle Times and Prognosis of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Li Hongfei , Xu Dongjuan , Xu Yunyun , Wei Lianyan 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveIn this study, we retrospectively analyzed 795 AIS patients who received intravenous alteplase for thrombolytic therapy in one third-class hospital or three second-class hospitals in Dongyang City and sought to evaluate the effects of the medical community model on intravenous alteplase door-to-needle time (DNT) and prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke.MethodsAccording to whether the medical community model is established or not, 303 AIS patients (204 cases from the third-class hospital and 99 cases from three second-class hospitals) were assigned to control group unavailable to the medical community model and 492 AIS patients (297 cases from the third-class hospital, and 195 cases from three second-class hospitals) into observational group available to the medical community model.ResultsA higher thrombolysis rate, a shorter DNT, more patients with DNT ≤ 60 min and DNT ≤ 45 min, a shorter ONT, lower National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores at 24 h, 7 d, 14 d, and modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at 3 months after thrombolytic therapy, a shorter length of hospital stay, and less hospitalization expense were found in the observational group than the control group. Subgroup analysis based on different-class hospitals revealed that the medical community model could reduce the DNT and ONT to increase the thrombolysis rate of AIS patients, especially in low-class hospitals. After the establishment of the medical community model, the AIS patients whether from the third-class hospital or three second-class hospitals exhibited lower NIHSS scores at 24 h, 7 d, 14 d after thrombolytic therapy (p &lt; 0.05). After a 90-day follow-up for mRS scores, a significant difference was only noted in the mRS scores of AIS patients from the third-class hospital after establishing the medical community model (p &lt; 0.05). It was also found that the medical community model led to reduced length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses for AIS patients, especially for the second-class hospitals.ConclusionThe data suggest that the medical community model could significantly reduce intravenous alteplase DNT and improve the prognosis of patients with AIS.