bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology-based and molecular docking prediction of the active ingredients and mechanism of the herb pair of Huangqi and Taoren for application in ischemic brain injury
Authors: Tian Mengyin , Li shuangshuang , Liang Mengying , zang hengchang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The traditional Chinese herb pair of Huangqi (HQ) and Taoren (TR) for the treatment of ischemic brain injury (IBI). However, the mechanism of action of HQ and TR for treating IBI still remains unclear. Network pharmacology was adopted to detect the active components of DL and TR. The key targets and signaling pathways in the treatment of IBI were predicted, and the key ingredients and targets were screened for molecular docking. In this study, we identified 27 active components from the herb pair of DL and TR, predicted to act on IBI-associated targets by network pharmacology. PPI network demonstrated that 36 proteins might serve as the key targets of DL and HQ for the treatment of IBI. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyzes indicated that the effects of DL and HQ are mediated by genes related to inflammation and apoptosis as well as the HIF-1α, lipid and atherosclerosis pathways. We also had transcription factors and miRNAs analysis of hub genes. Molecular docking revealed good binding ability between the active compounds and screened targets. We comprehensively illustrated the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of the herb pair of HQ and TR treat IBI.
Influence of genetic ancestry on breast stromal cells provides biologic basis for increased incidence of metaplastic breast cancer in women of African descent
Authors: Kumar Brijesh , Batic Katie , Bhat-Nakshatri Poornima , Granatir Maggie , Addison Rebekah , Szymanski Megan , Baldridge Lee Ann , Temm Constance , Sandusky George , Althouse Sandra , Storniolo Anna Maria V. , Nakshatri Harikrishna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The biologic basis of genetic ancestry-dependent variability in disease incidence and outcome is just beginning to be explored. We recently reported enrichment of a population of ZEB1-expressing cells located adjacent to the ductal epithelial cells in the normal breast of women of African Ancestry (AA) compared to European Ancestry (EA). By establishing and characterizing cell lines corresponding to these cells and validating in vitro findings with tissue microarrays of healthy breast tissue from AA, EA and Latina Ancestry (LA) women, we demonstrate that these cells have the properties of fibroadipogenic/mesenchymal stromal cells that express PROCR and PDGFRa. PROCR+/ZEB1+/PDGFRa+ cells, hence renamed as PZP cells, are enriched in the normal breast tissues of AA compared to EA or LA women. In vitro, PZP cells trans-differentiated into adipocytes or osteocytes. In co-culture conditions, PZP:epithelial cell communication resulted in luminal epithelial cells acquiring basal/stem cell characteristics and increased expression of IL-6 suggesting the impact of this communication on breast epithelial hierarchy and the microenvironment. Consistent with this possibility, the level of phosphoSTAT3, which is a downstream target of IL-6, was higher in the normal and cancerous breast tissues of AA compared to EA women. PZP cells transformed with HRasG12V ± SV40-T/t antigens generated metaplastic carcinoma in NSG mice suggesting that these cells could be the cell-of-origin of metaplastic breast cancers. Collectively, these results identify a stromal cell component that could influence the biology of breast cancer in AA women.
Analysis of Microbial Community Structure, and Environmental Factors in the Rhizosphere of Malus sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. in Different Regions of Xinjiang
Authors: Jiao Huiying , Wang Ruizhe , Liu Liqiang , Zhang Bo , Qin Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Malus sieversii (Ldb.) Roem., the original species of modern cultivated apples, is a national essential protected plant in China. Due to soil nutrient loss, grazing, climate change, and diseases and insect pest outbreaks, the rhizosphere microecological imbalance of wild apple forests has aggravated the degradation and death of wild apples in recent years. So far, the structural diversity, function, and response to environmental drivers of the wild apple rhizosphere microbial community are not unclear. 16S/18S rDNA high-throughput sequencing were used in this study to analyze the rhizosphere bacterial and eukaryotic communities of M. sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. in eight regions of the Ili River. The results indicated that the bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Shannon value, and community composition were significantly lower in regions A, E, and F than in other regions. However, the composition of dominant eukaryotic communities in the eight regions was relatively similar, and the difference was smaller than the relative abundance of bacterial communities. Through redundancy analysis, it was found that Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, and Methylomirabilota microbial communities with a lower relative abundance in regions A, B, E, and F, was affected by soil pH, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and potassium (AK), altitude, and relative humidity (RH). The results showed that the relative abundance of microorganisms in regions A, B, E, and F could be increased by rationally increasing soil nutrients.
EBV promotes tumorigenicity and worsens the prognosis of Hodgkin lymphoma through the expression of survival enhancing proteins by activating the JAK / STAT and NF-kB signaling pathways. (A comparative study between EBV positive and negative Hodgkin lymphoma)
Authors: Alabiad Mohamed Ali , Balata Rawda , A Mahmoud Asmaa , Metwally Elsayed Anany , Shalaby Amany , Samy Walaa , Yehia Ahmed M M. , Said Warda M. M. , Khairy Dina Ahmed , Yahia Amar Ibrahim Omar , Abdelrahman Doaa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in 40% of all Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cases. EBV produces epigenetic alterations in the host genome that decrease the expression of proapoptotic proteins and activate the expression of survival immortalization genes.
Methods
According to EBNA-1 detection by nested PCR, 64 patients with HL were classified into two groups: EBV positive and negative HL. The expression levels of JAK/STAT and NF-kB pathway mRNA molecules (JAK2, STAT1, IRF-1, PD-L1, IFN-, NFkB, Bcl-xL, and COX-2) by both RT-PCR and qRT-PCR, and the results proteins PD-L1, Bcl-xL, and COX-2 by immunohistochemistry were analyzed and correlated with each other,
Results
Positive mRNA expression of either (JAK/STAT) or (NF-kB) pathways: (JAK2, STAT1, IRF-1, and PD-L1) and (IFN-, NFkB, Bcl-xL, COX-2) respectively are highly significantly correlated with each other (p 0.001) and with EBV positive HL patients (p 0.001). EBV positive HL cases had a higher incidence of relapse (p = 0.008), poor DFS (p = 0.013), higher mortality (p = 0.015), and low OS rates (p 0.028)
Conclusion
EBV in HL promotes the expression of survival immortalization signals by activating the JAK/STAT and NF-kB pathways and is associated with poor clinicopathological criteria, a higher incidence of disease progression, relapse, and poor overall survival. Therefore, targeting the JAK/STAT and NF-kB pathway members could be valuable in the management of EBV-associated Hodgkin's Lymphoma cases.
Clinical research stakeholders’ experiences of clinical research during COVID-19: A qualitative study
Authors: FitzGerald Christine , Witts Aoife Vaughan , Barry Louise , Corey Gillian , Leahy Fiona , Egan Siobhan , Conway Elaine , O'Connor Margaret , Galvin Rose 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic created a complex high-risk clinical research environment with clinical research activities significantly impacted. Clinical research stakeholders were required to rapidly adapt to new clinical practices; PPE, infection control policies all while engaging with a more unwell patient demographic. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of clinical research stakeholders during COVID-19.
Methods
This qualitative study comprised of 18 semi-structured interviews conducted with clinical research stakeholders from roles across a variety of clinical settings (emergency department doctors, geriatricians, academics, clinical research nurse managers, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, social workers, dieticians, medical students and research scientists). Interviews were fully transcribed prior to thematic analysis. NVivo software was utilised to assist with data management.
Results
Through exploring the experiences of clinical research stakeholders during COVID-19, three main themes were identified 1) The challenging COVID-19 clinical research landscape, 2) COVID-19 clinical research communication barriers and 3) Adaptations and learnings from clinical research during COVID-19.
Conclusions
This study explored how COVID-19 impacted on the work of clinical research stakeholders, what challenges they faced and how they adapted to these challenges. The findings provide evidence to understand and inform clinical research to minimise disruption and to prepare for future public health events.
Opportunities and challenges in public health clinical diagnostic laboratories in Uganda: a cross sectional study
Authors: Baseke Joy , Iramiot Jacob , Charles Okalebo , Didas Atwebembere , Isabirye Linda , Oboth Paul , Olupot-Olupot Peter 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Optimum laboratory performance remains cardinal to definitive clinical disease diagnosis, prognosis and surveillance. In low and middle-income countries (LMICs) most public health clinical diagnostic laboratory capacity and their sustainability are at various levels of development. The objective of this study was to asses available opportunities and challenges faced by public health clinical diagnostic laboratories in Uganda so as to provide data to inform capacity building in such and similar settings.
Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between 10th Dec 2018 and 31 Jan 2019. All the 14 public health clinical diagnostic laboratories in Ministry of Health Regional Referral Hospital establishments in Uganda were purposively sampled. A standardized data abstraction tool was developed from the elements of ISO 15189 and 17025 laboratory standards and check list. Data were analysed using PRISM data analysis program and excel. Proportions were computed and some correlations deduced. Ethical approval was obtained before data collection commenced.
Results
Thirteen (13) of the laboratories participated in the study and their data included in the analysis. All the laboratories had: qualified laboratory staff, conducted quality improment meetings and kept laboratory records and documents. Of these, 12 (92.3%) had organizational structures endorsed by the respective hospital administration, functional basic laboratory equipment in the departments of haematology, microbiology, parasitology, clinical chemistry, Immunology and molecular biology. All the laboratories were government supported and offered free diagnostic services while 11 (84.6%) offerd surrveilance services. Eight (61.5%) laboratories were licenced by Allied Health Professionals, twelve (92.3%) were involved in internal quality control programs, eleven (84.6%) were enrolled on External Quality assurance testing programs while one (7.7%) was fully accredited by South African National Accreditation System (SANAS). The challenges identified included; under-staffing 10 (76.9% ), insufficient infrastructure 1 (7.7%), supplies stock-outs 3 (23.1%), inadequate equipment 2 (15.4%) and hard copy laboratory results. Additionally, they lacked independent budgets, finance management and autonomous financing.
Conclusion
Various challenges identified hindered public health diagnostic laboratories in Uganda to operate at full diagnostic capacity, overcoming them will standardise quality and attain equity of services across the country.
Plant-produced mouse zona pellucida 3 peptide, its immunogenicity and contraceptive efficacy
Authors: Ghasemian Khadijeh , Broer Inge , Schön Jennifer , Kolp Nadine , Killisch Richard , Huckauf Jana 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fertility control is a promising method for controlling the population of highly fertile species such as wild mice. Immunization with the mouse-specific contraceptive zona pellucida 3 peptide (mZP3) reduces fertility in some mouse strains, including wild mice. Here, we employed a plant expression system for the production of glycosylated mZP3 and evaluated the immunogenicity of plant-produced mZP3-based antigens in a female BALB/c mouse model. In the mZP3-1 antigen, mZP3 fused with a T-cell epitope of tetanus toxoid, a histidine tag and a SEKDEL sequence. A fusion antigen (GFP-mZP3-1) and a polypeptide antigen containing three repeats of mZP3 (mZP3-3) were also examined. Glycosylation of mZP3 should be achieved by targeting proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of antigens resulted in successful production of mZP3 in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Compared with mZP3-1, GFP-mZP3-1 and mZP3-3 increased the production of the mZP3 peptide by more than 20 and 25 times, respectively. The glycosylation of the proteins was indicated by their size and their binding to a carbohydrate-binding protein. Both plant-produced GFP-mZP3-1 and mZP3-3 antigens were immunogenic in mice; however, mZP3-3 generated significantly higher levels of serum antibodies against mZP3. Although, as previously reported, the formation of antibodies did not lead to a significant reduction in fertility in BALB/c mice, strong and specific binding of antibodies to wild mouse zona pellucida was observed. Therefore, we assume that the plants might be an efficient system for the production of mZP3-3 as a contraceptive vaccine to reduce fertility in wild mice.
Shape-stabilized sustainable porous ethyl cellulose embedded phase change materials for thermal/light energy storage and self-luminous
Authors: Shuaib Suhaib Shuaib Adam , Niu Zixuan , Qian Zhiyi , Qi Shengyang , Yuan Weizhong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The development of phase change materials (PCMs)-based energy storage devices for both thermal and light energy has the potential to greatly enhance solar energy use efficiency, which is important in addressing the worldwide energy problem. Due to the environmentally friendly, good thermal and chemical stability, easy degradation, and good mechanical strength of ethyl cellulose (EC), it was used to fabricate the shape-stabilized composite phase change material (ss-CPCM) with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The ss-CPCMs have a high latent enthalpy (174.33 J/g), high form stability, excellent thermal regulation abilities for both thermal energy storage and thermal insulation, and great cycle thermal performance. After adding long afterglow luminescence (LAL) particles, the self-luminous ss-CPCMs were obtained. They can absorb and store visible and ultraviolet light, as well as emit green light in the dark for an extended period of time. Therefore, the self-luminous ss-CPCMs can be used in building energy conservation and smart highways.
Reduction of DNNs in edge computing
Authors: Garmendia-Orbegozo Asier , Nuñez-Gonzalez Jose David , Anton Miguel Angel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Application of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) in Edge Computing has emerged as a consequence of the need of real time and distributed response of different devices in a large number of scenarios. For this end, shredding these original structures is urgent due to the high number of parameters needed to represent them. As a consequence, the most representative components of different layers are kept in order to maintain the network's accuracy as close as possible from the entire network's ones. To do so, two different approaches have been developed in this work. First, Sparse Low Rank Method (SLR) has been applied to two different Fully Connected (FC) layers to watch their effect on the final response, and similarly the method has been applied to one of these layers. In the contrary, in this last case, the relevances of the previous FC layer's components were considered taking into account the connections to each of the components from the other FC layer, considering the relationship of relevances across layers. Experiments had been carried out in well-known architectures to conclude whether the relevances throughout layers have less effect on the final response of the network than the independent relevances intra-layer.
NMR Resonance assignment of the N-terminal GTPase Domain of human Miro2 Bound to GTP
Authors: Smith Cassandra E. , Jones David N. M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Miro2 and Miro1 are mitochondrial-associated proteins critical for regulating mitochondrial movement within the cell. Both Miro1 and Miro2 have roles in promoting neuron function, but recently Miro2 has been shown to have additional roles in response to nutrient starvation in tumor cells. Miro1 and 2 consist of two small GTPase domains flanking a pair of EF-hands. The N-terminal GTPase (nGTPase) domain is responsible for initiating mitochondrial trafficking and interactions with GCN1 in prostate cancer. The crystal structure of Miro1 nGTPase bound to GTP has been solved. However, no structural data is available for the nGTPase domain of Miro2. To better understand the similarities and differences in the functions of Miro1 and Miro2, we have initiated structural studies of Miro2. Here we report the backbone NMR chemical shift assignments of a 22 KDa construct of the nGTPase domain of Miro2 bound to GTP that includes residues 1-180 of the full-length protein. We affirm that the overall secondary structure of this complex closely resembles that of Miro1 nGTPase bound to GTP. Minor variations in the overall structures can be attributed to crystal packing interactions in the structure of Miro1. These NMR studies will form the foundation for future work identifying the specific interaction sites between Miro2 and its cellular binding partners.
Microbiome analysis of rice rhizospheric soil in different growth stages using high-throughput amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes
Authors: Baskaran Deepan , Asaithambi Killivalavan , Ananthan Anbukumaran , Selvarajan Babu , Selvam Gomathi , Pandiyan Prakash , Annamalai Panneerselvam , Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran , Varatharajan Ambikapathy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The rhizosphere of soil is inhabited by a variety of microbes. The rhizospheric microbiome contributes greatly to various aspects like growth, metabolism, and yield. There is only limited information about the composition of the microbiome during different growth stages of the rice crop. Therefore, the goal of the current study was to compare, and analyze the microbial diversity in rice rhizospheric soil among various growth phases like the vegetative phase(before initiation of Panicle), reproductive phase (minimum tillers with grains), and ripening phase (maximum filling of tillers with grains ready for harvest) by adopting next-generation high throughput amplicon sequencing of 16SrRNA gene. This study addressed 5148 OTU that includes microbes belonging to major Phylum Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Bacteriodetes, Nitrospirae, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi during all growth stages of rice. Genera such as Anaeromyxobacter, Candidatus, and Kaistobacter are prevalently present in all growth stages of rice in varying degrees. Interestingly, Genera such as GOUTA19, 4-29, Sulfuricurvum, Thiobacillus, Geobacter, and Nitrospira were present maximum at the vegetative and reproductive stages of rice. Alpha & Beta diversity showed that there were variations between all the growth stages of rice. UPGMA tree revealed the evolutionary lineage of microbial communities present in the ripening stage significantly different from the other two stages of rice. The current results demonstrate that a unique group of bacteria inhabit the rice rhizosphere during three growth phases which play important roles in improving crop health and sustainable productivity.
In-situ temperature and major species measurements of sooting flames based on short-gated spontaneous Raman scattering
Authors: Meng Hu , Ren Yihua , Cameron Florence , Pitsch Heinz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Spontaneous Raman scattering is a conventional in-situ laser-diagnostic method that has been widely used for measurements of temperature and major species. However, utilization of Raman scattering in sooting flames suffers from strong interference including laser-induced fluorescence, laser-induced incandescence, and flame luminosity, which has been a challenge for a long time. This work introduces an easy-to-implement and calibration-free Raman scattering thermometry in sooting flames based on a 355-nm nanosecond pulsed laser beam. Several strategies were utilized to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and suppress the interference: (1) nanosecond intensified CCD gate width; (2) optimized intensified CCD gate delay; (3) specially designed focused laser beam; (4) ultraviolet polarizer filter. The temperature was obtained by fitting the spectral profile of Stokes Raman scattering of N2 molecules, which does not require additional calibration. Based on the measured temperature, the mole fraction of major species can be further evaluated. As a demonstration, this method was applied to measure the temperature and major species profiles in a steady ethylene-air counterflow diffusion flame. The experimental results agree well with the simulation results in both sooting and non-sooting regions, demonstrating the feasibility of this method for quantitative diagnostics of temperature and major species in multiphase reacting flows.
Korean Language Teachers’ Emotional Struggles and Language Policy Interpretations
Authors: Song Juyoung 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The recent trend of the internationalization of higher education has increased the significance of English as a medium of instruction and communication on campus in non-English speaking countries. Within this context, this study explores Korean language teachers’ vulnerability over their foreign language competency, particularly English, revealed in their narratives about the Korean-only policy in the classroom. Analysis of interviews of twelve teachers of Korean as a second language (KSL) demonstrates their divergent ways of interpreting and implementing the policy according to their foreign language competency and relevant emotional vulnerability. KSL teachers with other language skills tended to challenge the monolingual policy by utilizing their bilingual skills and experiences as resources for their teaching. Monolingual KSL teachers interpreted the Korean-only policy narrowly to support a monolingual immersion approach as a way to secure their teacher authority. Regardless of their policy interpretation, however, most teachers experienced various levels of anxiety concerning their perceived lack of adequate English proficiency even in the Korean-only classrooms. The results suggest how second language teachers struggle to maintain legitimacy and authority against the hegemony of English in non-English second language contexts, providing implications for the language teacher education.