bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations between serum levels of microRNA-148a-3p and microRNA-485- 5p and the progression and recurrence of prostate cancer
Authors: He Wenyan , Zhang Furong , Jiang Feng , Liu Huan , Wang Gang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Unpredicted postoperative recurrence of prostate cancer, one of the most common malignancies among males worldwide, has become a prominent issue-affecting patients after treatment. Here, we investigated the correlation between the serum miR-148a-3p and miR-485-5p expression levels and cancer recurrence in PCa patients, aiming to identify new biomarkers for diagnosis and predicting postoperative recurrence of prostate cancer. Methods: 198 male PCa cases treated with surgery, postoperative radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were involved in the presented study. Serum levels of miR-148a-3p and miR-485-5p were measured before the initial operation for the involved cases, which were then followed up for two years to monitor the recurrence of cancer to split the cases into recurrence and non-recurrence groups. Comparison of the relative expressions of serum miR-148a-3p and miR-485-5p were made and related to other clinic pathological features. Results: Pre-surgery serum levels of miR-148a-3p in patients with TNM stage I~II prostate cancer (Gleason score < 7) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than levels in patients with TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors (TNM) stage III~IV cancer (Gleason score ≥7)while pre-surgery serum levels of miR-485-5p in patients with TNM stage I~II prostate cancer (Gleason score < 7) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than patients with TNM stage III~IV cancer (Gleason score ≥ 7). Serum miR-148a-3p level in recurrence group is higher than the non-recurrence group (P < 0.05) while serum miR-485-5p level in recurrence group is lower than non-recurrence group (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed the AUCs of using miR-148a-3p, miR-485-5p, and combined detection for predicting recurrence of prostate cancer were 0.825 (95% CI: 0.765 -0.875, P < 0.0001), 0.790 (95% CI: 0.726 -0.844, P < 0.0001), and 0.913 (95%CI: 0.865 -0.948, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Pre-surgery serum miR-148a-3p level positively correlates while miR-485-5p level negatively correlates with prostate cancer's progressing and postoperative recurrence. Both molecules show potential to be used for predicting postoperative recurrence individually or combined.
Machine Learning Framework for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak Forecasting
Authors: Shamsabardeh Mohammadsadegh , Martínez-López Beatriz , O’Hara Kathleen C. , Gomez Jose Pablo , Liu Xin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most challenging and costly viral infectious diseases impacting the swine industry. The disease transmission pathways for PRRS are very complex, requiring a combined approach of intensive surveillance (i.e., testing), biosecurity, and vaccination for control and eradication. This study builds a proactive framework to forecast the risk of having a PRRS outbreak on a farm. This forecasting allows for early detection of disease outbreaks and could direct risk-based, and thus more cost-effective, interventions. Machine learning algorithms were trained using multi-scale data (pig group-, farm-, and area-level data). For the first time, on-farm, between-farm, and environmental variables, including farm location, pig movements, production parameters, diagnostic data, and climatic information, were combined for the prediction of PRRS outbreaks. Multi-scale datasets were merged via feature extraction, followed by the wrapper and filter feature selection, to find those feature subsets with the best forecasting performance. The predictive value of each feature selection mechanism was evaluated in terms of its stability. Numerical results demonstrate good forecasting performance in terms of area under the ROC curve.
Stratification analysis reveal associations between CYP2B6 polymorphisms and lung cancer susceptibility in Chinese Han population
Authors: Yang Shuangyu , Zhang Wenjie , Meng Wenting , Dou Xia , Jin Tianbo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Recently, many clinical studies have demonstrated that Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is related to the occurrence and development of many cancers. The purpose of our study is to clarify the relevance of CYP2B6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to lung cancer susceptibility.Methods: Five SNPs in CYP2B6 were genotyped in the Han population of China including 507 cases and 505 controls using Agena MassARRAY. Using odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and χ2 test to calculate the relationship between the SNPs and LC susceptibility. The SNP-SNP interactions were analyzed by performing multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR).Results: We found that rs2099361 was associated with an increased susceptibility to LC in the codominant model (OR = 1.31, p = 0.045). After stratification analysis, the results found that CYP2B6 rs4803418 (BMI > 24 kg/m2), rs4803420 (BMI > 24 kg/m2, No-smoking), rs12979270 (BMI > 24 kg/m2), and rs1038376 (III-IV versus I-II) were significantly associated with decreased susceptibility of LC. Inversely, rs4803418 (BMI > 24 kg/m2), rs4803420 (III-IV versus I-II) and rs12979270 (No-smoking) showed increased susceptibility to LC. Furthermore, the result of MDR showed that a synergistic relationship might exist between rs12979270, rs4803420, rs2099361, rs1038376, and rs4803418 in CYP2B6 gene and the pathophysiology and genetics of LC. Conclusions: The results suggest that SNPs of CYP2B6 have crucial roles in LC susceptibility, and its correlation is related to the patients’ BMI, smoking status, and clinical stages.
Galilius: A Simple Simulation Model of Spiral Galaxies
Authors: MANSOUR El Houssain AIT , MANSOUR El Houssain AIT 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Galaxy morphology classification plays a significant role in the galaxy’s evolution. The existence of spiral arms and bars classification of the Hubble sequence is a misunderstood problem. The most previous studies disagree on the role of coherent and chaotic orbital structures on galaxy spirals and bar formation. This article suggests a cyclic galaxy simulation model based-on star motions. We implement approximated velocity curves with various parameters. We provide a brief overview of galaxy model flowchart. We show that phase synchronization of stars at initial conditions has a major effect on spiral arms and bar development. In addition, the irregular galaxy shape occurs among chaotic initial conditions or random velocities. We also highlight the model accretion factor α and its linking with stars accretion and galaxy morphology transformation. The proposed model image datasets and simulation tutorials are available on Galilius.com.
Photo-thermal tuning of integrated optical waveguides coated with 2D graphene oxide thin films
Authors: Moss David 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We experimentally investigate power-sensitive photo-thermal tuning (PTT) of two-dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films coated on integrated optical waveguides. We measure the light power thresholds for reversible and permanent GO reduction in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with 1 and 2 layers of GO. Raman spectra at different positions of a hybrid waveguide with permanently reduced GO are characterized, verifying the inhomogeneous GO reduction along the direction of light propagation through the waveguide. The differences between the PTT induced by a continuous-wave laser and a pulsed laser are also compared, confirming that the PTT mainly depend on the average input power. These results reveal interesting features for 2D GO films coated on integrated optical waveguides, which are of fundamental importance for the control and engineering of GO’s properties in hybrid integrated photonic devices.
Multilevel linear and temporal analyses on the effects of weather indices on movements and behaviors
Authors: Herbuela Von Ralph Dane Marquez , Karita Tomonori , Toya Akihiro , Furukawa Yoshiya , Senba Shuichiro , Onishi Eiko , Saeki Tatsuo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Weather indices significantly affecting movements, affective, and behavioral states remain largely unknown among children with profound or severe intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD/IDs). Main, seasonal interaction and 24-hour time-offsets effects of outdoor weather indices on the movements and behaviors of children with PIMD/IDs were explored using hierarchical and general linear models. Caregiver-interpreted facial, body, and limb movements and behaviors of 20 8-to 16-year-old children with PIMD/IDs and simultaneous online-API-and-sensor-collected app-based weather, proximity and time data were collected in 105 single-dyad video-recorded (30-hour) natural-child-caregiver-dyadic interactions over 5 months. Fluctuations in outdoor atmospheric pressure, humidity, cloudiness, wind speed, season, daylength, time (12 to 1 pm), and conditions were predictive of variations in movements and behaviors, which in turn, also responded to increased indoor UV, humidity, and cloudiness levels during winter, and increasing atmospheric pressure and decreasing humidity during fall. While outdoor temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and cloudiness immediately affected variations in movement and behavior outcomes, time-offset wind-related indices had significant delayed effects at several time lags. Evidently, variations in movements and behaviors of children with PIMD/IDs are affected by seasonal variations and current or delayed fluctuating levels of outdoor weather indices which has significant implications for communication and educational interventions.
Evaluation of cardiac toxicity with ponatinib using a spontaneous reporting database
Authors: Kanbayashi Yuko , Uchida Mayako , Nakano Kana , Wakabayashi Haruka , Shimizu Tadashi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the risk of ponatinib-induced cardiac toxicity, time to onset, and post hoc outcomes using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. We analyzed data for the period between April 2004 and March 2021. Data on cardiac toxicities were extracted, and relative risk of adverse events (AEs) was estimated using the reporting odds ratio. We analyzed 1,772,494 reports and identified 1,152 reports of AEs caused by ponatinib. Of these, 163 cardiac toxicities were reportedly associated with ponatinib. Signals were detected for thirteen cardiac toxicities: hypertension, cardiac failure, acute cardiac failure, atrial fibrillation, increased blood pressure, coronary artery stenosis, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary hypertension, prolonged QT on electrocardiography, cardiomyopathy, cardiac dysfunction, and acute myocardial infarction. Among these, hypertension was the most frequently reported AE (27.6%). A histogram of times to onset showed occurrence from 4.5 to 150.5 days. Hypertension, cardiac failure, coronary artery stenosis, and myocardial infarction could potentially result in serious outcomes and some cases occurred earlier or even more than 1 year after starting administration. In conclusion, patients should be monitored for signs of the onset of these AEs not only at the start of ponatinib administration but also over the longer term.
Comparative studies of two AA10 family lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases from Bacillus thuringiensis
Authors: Zhang Huiyan , Zhou Haichuan , Zhao Yong , Li Tang , Yin Heng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are a group of copper-dependent enzymes that depolymerize recalcitrant polysaccharides via an oxidative mechanism. However, the biological reasons that could be accounted for this diversity remains largely unknown. In previous reports, two chitin-active LPMOs from Bacillus thuringiensis, BtLPMO10A and BtLPMO10B, have been preliminarily characterized. However, some important biochemical features and substrate preference, as well as their potential applications in chitin degradation, still deserve further investigation. Results from present study showed that both BtLPMO10A and BtLPMO10B exhibit similar catalytic domains as well as highly conserved substrate-binding planes. However, unlike BtLPMO10A, which has comparable binding ability to both crystalline and amorphous form of chitins, BtLPMO10B exhibited much stronger binding ability to colloidal chitin, which mainly attribute to its carbohydrate-binding module-5 (CBM5). Interestingly, the relative high binding ability of BtLPMO10B to colloidal chitin does not lead to high catalytic activity of the enzyme. In contrast, the enzyme exhibited higher activity on β-chitin. Further experiments showed that the binding of BtLPMO10B to colloidal chitin was mainly non-productive, indicating a complicated role for CBM5 in LPMO activity. Furthermore, synergistic experiments demonstrated that both LPMOs boosted the activity of the chitinase, and the higher efficiency of BtLPMO10A can be override by BtLPMO10B.
Preparation of Therapy-Grade Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Tissue to Promote Diabetic Wound Healing
Authors: Pan Chuqiao , Xu Peng , Zheng Yi , Wang Yikai , Chen Chuhsin , Fu Shibo , Liu Zibo , Chen Yahong , Xue Ke , Liu Kai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Treatment of diabetic wounds is a major challenge in clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have shown effectiveness in diabetic wound models. However, obtaining ADSC-EVs requires culturing vast numbers of cells, which is hampered by the need for expensive equipment and reagents, extended time cost, and complicated procedures before commercialization. Therefore, methods to extract EVs from discarded tissue need to be developed, for immediate application during surgery. For this reason, mechanical, collagenase-digestive, and effused methods were designed and compared for preparing therapy-grade EVs directly from adipose tissue.
Methods
Characteristics and quantities of EVs were detected by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting firstly. To investigate the biological effects of EVs on diabetic wound healing, angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and inflammation-regulation assays were then evaluated in vitro, along with a diabetic wound healing mouse model in vivo. To further explore the potential therapeutic mechanism of EVs, miRNA expression profile of EVs were also identified and analyzed.
Results
The adipose tissue derived EVs (AT-EVs) were showed to qualify ISEV identification by NTA and western blotting and the AT-EVs yield from three methods was equal. EVs also showed promoting effects on biological processes related to diabetic wound healing, which depend on fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. We also observed enrichment of overlapping or unique miRNAs associated with diabetic wound healing for further investigation.
Conclusion
After comparative analyses, a mechanical method was proposed for preparing immediate clinical applicable EVs from adipose tissue that would result in reduced preparation time and lower cost, which could have promising application potential in treating diabetic wounds.
The α-hemolysis negative CC59 clone of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Beijing，China
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Sun Chen , Qian Suyun , Liu Yingchao , Yao Kaihu , Dong Fang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most famous bacterial pathogens, it is a leading causative agent in skin and invasive infections. We analyzed the hemolytic patterns of MRSA isolates from Beijing Children’ hospital and found that most CC59 isolates were α hemolysis negative. In this study, we tried to find the possible reason for α hemolytic deletion in CC59 isolates. Hemolysis patterns of different MRSA types were showed. We have knocked out hlα gene of R23 isolate to form R23Δhlα isolate. A differential expression of hlα gene was examined among isolates with different hemolysis phenotypes using RT-PCR. We have examined the secretion of Hlα of R23, USA300 and R23Δhlα by Western blot. A high-copy-number plasmid containing the hlα gene was utilized to restore expression of α hemolysin.During the four periods (2009-2011, 2012-2013, 2016, 2017), 290 MRSA isolates were collected in Beijing Children’s Hospital (BCH). Most of the ST59 isolates (94.38%), and nine of the ST338 isolates (100%) showed negative α hemolysis phenotype. Both of them belong to CC30 clone. Transcriptional levels of hlα were equal among isolates showing α, δ hemolysis and β, δ hemolysis. R23 did not show α hemolysis phenotype but it produced Hlα. High-copy-number plasmid containing the hlα gene could restore α hemolysis phenotype of R23Δhlα isolate.This study elucidated that the negative α hemolysis in CC59 isolates was not related to Hlα protein production. However, over-production of Hlα could restore the α hemolytic activity. β hemolysin worked well in CC59 clone.
Sequencing of hsp70 for discernment of species from the Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis complex from endemic areas in Colombia
Authors: Hoyos Juliana , Rosales-Chilma Mariana , Leon Cielo , Gonzalez Camila , Gomez Maria Adelaia 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Colombia reports one of the highest numbers of endemic Leishmania species (n=9) causing human disease. Although much effort has been devoted to generating simple and specific tools for Leishmania species identification, challenges remain in the discrimination of species belonging to the Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis complex: L. (V.) guyanensis and L. (V.) panamensis.Methods: A set of seven reference strains of species pertaining to the L. Leishmania and L. Viannia subgenera, clinical strains from human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL, n=26), and samples collected from sylvatic mammals and sandflies (n=7) from endemic areas in Colombia were included in this study. The hsp70 gene was PCR-amplified from DNA extracts of logarithmic phase promastigotes or tissue samples, and PCR products were sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed against a set of previously published and curated sequences, and phylogenetic analysis based on maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference approaches was conducted. Haplotypic diversity among strains and species of the L.(V.) guyanensis complex was explored using a median-joining network. Results: Sequencing of the hsp70 gene for L.Viannia species typing was comparable to species identification using isoenzyme electrophoresis or monoclonal antibodies. Complete species matching was found, except for one sylvatic sample with an identity yet unsolved. Among the L. (V.) panamensis clinical strains, we found two distinctive phylogenetic clusters correlated with two different zymodemes, L.(V.) panamensis Z2.2 and Z2.3. Analysis of samples from sylvatic environments identified novel records of wild mammals and sandflies species naturally infected.Conclusions: Our results support the adequacy of hsp70 gene sequencing as a single locus approach for discrimination of L.Viannia species, as well as for exploring the genetic diversity within the L. (V.) guyanensis complex.
Predictors of the degree of ventricular catheter obstruction: duration of implantation, number of prior revision surgeries, contact with the ventricular wall and the surgical approach
Authors: Hariharan Prashant , Gluski Jacob , Sondheimer Jeffrey , Petroj Alexandra , Jea Andrew , Whitehead William E , Bigio Marc R. Del , Marupudi Neena I. ,   James P. McAllister 2nd, Limbrick David , Rocque Brandon G , Harris Carolyn A 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
RegentK regenerative treatment available for ruptured anterior cruciate ligament? A scoping review
Authors: Tedeschi Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Conservative/regenerative therapy for cruciate ligament ruptures can be considered as primary treatment. However, nowadays, the first option is almost always only surgical, although studies on the efficacy of intervention exist in the literature.
Aim
This scoping review aimed to map and summarise the literature to identify interventions with Regentk therapy available for cruciate ligament ruptures.
Methods
Four databases were searched until May 2022. Studies that considered anterior cruciate ruptures treated with the Regentk method could be included. All interventions and contexts were considered. No restrictions were applied regarding language, study design and publication type. No grey literature and reference lists of included articles were identified. Results were presented in numerical and thematic form.
Results
Da 245 record iniziali, 7 studi hanno soddisfatto i criteri di inclusione. La maggior parte degli articoli erano RCT e prendevano in considerazione pazienti sportivi con rottura del legamento crociato. Gli autori hanno discusso una sola gamma di interventi: conservativi (n = 7). In particolare, il trattamento conservativo/rigenerativo Regentk.
Conclusions
This is the first scoping review that provides a comprehensive overview of the topic. The results revealed clear gaps in primary research, confirming that current management is based on surgery. This review may be useful for overall management and may provide a starting point for future research.
WITHDRAWN: Effects of channel dimensions and wall properties on the performance of heat-integrated reactors
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Autothermal multifunctional reactors have been a subject of vital research and development. However, the mechanisms for the effects of various design factors on heat transfer characteristics are still not fully understood. This study relates to a thermochemical process for producing hydrogen by the catalytic endothermic reaction of methanol with steam in a thermally integrated microchannel reforming reactor. Computations are carried out to better understand the specific features of coupling endothermic and exothermic reactions. The effects of wall heat conduction properties and channel dimensions on heat transfer characteristics and reactor performance are investigated. The respective considerations are presented and discussed for different modes of operation. The results indicate that maximum temperature control is the key issue in coupling endothermic and exothermic reactions in an autothermal mode of operation. The rate of the hydrogen production reaction is limited by the ability to remove heat from the reactor. Reaction heat flux profiles are considerably affected by channel dimensions. The peak reaction heat flux increases with the channel dimensions while maintaining the flow rates. The thermal conductivity of the channel walls is fundamentally important. Materials with high thermal conductivity are preferred for the channel walls. Thermally conductive ceramics and metals are well-suited. Wall materials with poor heat conduction properties degrade the reactor performance. Design recommendations are made to improve thermal performance for the reactor. Improved heat removal could dramatically increase the throughput of the heat-integrated reactor. Nearly complete methanol conversion to hydrogen is achieved and the rate of conversion is high due to the excellent heat conduction properties of the channel walls.