bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computation of energy dissipation across the type-A piano key weir by using gene expression programming technique
Authors: Singh Deepak , Kumar Munendra 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Energy dissipation across the weir and dam structures is a vital economic and technical solution for designing the downstream morphology of any hydraulic system. Accurately estimating the energy over any hydraulic system using traditional empirical formulas is tedious and challenging. Consequently, employing new and precise techniques still in high demand is crucial. In this study, the authors developed an empirical model for estimating the residual energy downstream of the type-A piano key weir (PKW) using gene expression programming (GEP) by considering six non-dimensional parameters: headwater ratio, magnification ratio, inlet to outlet width ratio, inlet to outlet key bottom slopes, inlet to outlet overhang portions and the number of cycles. The performance of the proposed models has been compared to empirical equations using the statistical factors coefficient of determination (R2), concordance coefficient (CC), and root mean square error (RMSE). The computed relative residual energy values using the proposed models are within ±10% of the observed ones. The proposed GEP model predicted the relative residual energy satisfactorily, with coefficients of determination of R2 = 0.978 for training, 0.980 for testing and root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.032 and 0.029 for the training and testing datasets, respectively.
Development Trends of Regional Economies in Russia
Authors: Valentey S. D. , Bakhtizin A. R. , Borisova S. V. , Kol’chugina A. V. , Lykov L. N. 
Published: July 2022

The expert community is actively working to determine the depth of the consequences for the domestic economy of large-scale sanctions pressure. One of the directions of such an analysis is the assessment of the situation in the social sphere and in the real sector of the economies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is obvious that the differences in the levels of development of regional economies; varying degrees of depth of their immersion in world economic relations; the volume of regional budget revenues received from the activities of foreign companies located on their territory and other factors will predetermine the amount of damage inflicted on Russian regions. To minimize its magnitude and, most importantly, to develop a viable strategy for overcoming the crisis, it is not enough to fix the scale of losses. An effective strategy requires foresight, and it is impossible without understanding the nature and direction of trends in the development of regional economies, at least in the medium term. This article proposes one of the possible options for the methodology to answer these questions. The authors believe the approach is quite correct, because the trends in the development of the economies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were studied based on an analysis of the situation that took place during the pandemic. The first version of the methodology was tested in 2021 and presented in issue 4 of the journal Federalism. Below is a refined version of the methodology, the use of which gave more reliable results.
Systemic Crisis 2022: Theoretical Aspect
Authors: Karavaeva I. V. 
Published: July 2022

The article examines the process of formation and manifestation of signs of a systemic crisis in the modern economy. The article substantiates why the contradiction between the economic and social interests of economic entities at all levels that arose in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic played the role of a catalyst in the formation and development of the modern systemic crisis of a market economy. It is shown that today the problems of global, national and regional economic security in their organic and systemic relationship with social /economic/ political/ bacteriological security are in the same row. The author of the article carried out a theoretical analysis of trends and risks in the development of the economy of Russia and other leading countries of the world community in a crisis situation in 2022. The author of the article carried out a theoretical analysis of trends and risks in the development of the economy of Russia and other leading countries of the world community in a crisis situation in 2022. The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening sanctions pressure on the Russian economy in transforming the social factor of national security into a socio-political one and in accelerating the development of a systemic crisis in the modern economy. The article shows what fundamental changes have occurred at the national and interstate levels during the period of application of socio-political sanctions in the model of global economic relations. The author explains on the basis of what objective reasons traditional principles of economic relations are being destroyed and new principles of economic relations between states and economic counterparties are being formed in the conditions of the changed socio-political situation in the world. The article examines the phenomenon of geo-economic fragmentation and its relationship with the change in the centers of development and influence in the global economy. The author predicted the main characteristics of the functioning of the new system of economic relations in the post-crisis model of economic development and Russia’s place in it.
Long Non-coding RNA UCA1 Regulates SRPK1 Expression Through miR-
99b-3p in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Xu Juan , Zheng Liu-hong , Hong Yi-nuo , Xuan Cheng , Yan Shu-ling , Lv Guo-Liang , Jiang Zheng-Gang , Ding Xian-Feng 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is one of the most common malignancies of the
female reproductive organs, with a low survival rate primarily due to the lack of effective methods
for early diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective:
In this article, our motivation is to explore the lncRNA-related network mechanisms
involved in the pathogenesis of OC.

Methods:
Public lncRNAs and mRNA expression datasets for OC were collected from the Gene
Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. By integrated bioinformatics analysis, we constructed a
UCA1-miRNA-mRNA network. We studied lncRNA-related molecular modulation mechanism in
ovarian cancer cells based on MTT assay, dual luciferase reporter gene assays, quantitative realtime
PCR, and western blotting.

Results:
UCA1 was higher in ovarian tumor tissues and cells than normal tissues and cells. It was
demonstrated in this study that knockdown of UCA1 inhibited ovarian cancer cell viability, which a
miR-99b-3p inhibitor could reverse in vitro. Further, UCA1 was shown to regulate the expression of
SRPK1 by directly binding to miR-99b-3p.

Conclusions:
These results suggest that UCA1 functions as an oncogene in ovarian cancer.
Inhibition of UCA1/miR-99b-3p/SRPK1 axis may become a novel target for treating ovarian
cancer.
The Potential Therapeutic Impact of Metformin in Glioblastoma
Multiforme
Authors: Sanati Mehdi , Aminyavari Samaneh , Mollazadeh Hamid , Motamed-Sanaye Ali , Bibak Bahram , Mohtashami Elmira , Teng Yong , Afshari Amir R. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
In terms of frequency and aggressiveness, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is
undoubtedly the most frequent and fatal primary brain tumor. Despite advances in clinical
management, the response to current treatments is dismal, with a 2-year survival rate
varying between 6 and 12 percent. Metformin, a derivative of biguanide widely used in
treating type 2 diabetes, has been shown to extend the lifespan of patients with various
malignancies. There is limited evidence available on the long-term survival of GBM
patients who have taken metformin. This research examined the literature to assess the
connection between metformin's anticancer properties and GBM development. Clinical
findings, together with the preclinical data from animal models and cell lines, are included
in the present review. This comprehensive review covers not only the association of
hyperactivation of the AMPK pathway with the anticancer activity of metformin but also
other mechanisms underpinning its role in apoptosis, cell proliferation, metastasis, as
well as its chemo-radio-sensitizing behavior against GBM. Current challenges and future
directions for developments and applications of metformin-based therapeutics are also
discussed.
Absolute Configuration and Antileishmanial Activity of (–)-Cyclocolorenone
Isolated from Duguetia lanceolata (Annonaceae)
Authors: Monteiro Jackson , Passero Luiz Felipe D. , Jesus Jéssica A. , Laurenti Márcia D. , Lago João H. G. , Soares Marisi G. , Batista Andrea N. L. , Batista João M. , Sartorelli Patricia 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The fractionation of the n-hexane phase of the EtOH extract from the leaves of Duguetia lanceolata (Annonaceae) led to the identification of the sesquiterpene (–)-cyclocolorenone.

Objective:
Chemical characterization, including determination of the absolute stereochemistry, and in vitro evaluation of antileishmanial activity of the sesquiterpene (–)-cyclocolorenone, isolated from D. lanceolata, were carried out.

Methods:
(–)-Cyclocolorenone was isolated from D. lanceolata leaves using different chromato-graphic steps and its structure was defined by analysis of NMR and ESI-HRMS data. Additionally, the absolute configuration of (–)-cyclocolorenone was ambiguously assigned by means of vibra-tional circular dichroism (VCD). Antileishmanial activity of (–)-cyclocolorenone was evaluated on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. The integrity of the cell membrane of L. (L.) amazonensis was analyzed using the SYTOX green probe.

Results:
(–)-(1R,6S,7R,10R)-Cyclocolorenone displayed activity against promastigotes and amastigotes forms of L. (L.) amazonensis with IC50 of 4.54 and 28.44 , respectively. Further-more, this compound was non-toxic in J774 macrophage cells (CC50 > 458.71 ) with a selectivi-ty index > 100 (promastigotes) and > 32.2 (amastigotes). Additionally, (–)-cyclocolorenone was ob-served to target the parasite cell membrane.

Conclusion:
Obtained data suggested that (–)-cyclocolorenone, in which absolute configuration was determined, can be considered as a scaffold for the development of new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
Therapeutics for the Management of Cytokine Release Syndrome in
COVID-19
Authors: Bhaskar Rakesh , Sinha Jitendra Kumar , Ghosh Shampa , Durgvanshi Shantanu , Han Sung Soo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the greatest pandemic of this era and has affected more than 10 million people across 213 nations. However, the etiology, management, and treatment of COVID-19 remain unknown. A better understanding of the novel virus would help in developing accurate diagnostic methods and efficacious drugs for the treatment of patients of all age groups. To control the pandemic urgently, many drugs are being repurposed and several clinical trials are in progress for the same. As cytokine storm has been observed to be one of the common mechanisms of immune response in COVID-19 patients, several drugs are under trials to control the cytokine storm. In this review, we discuss the different categories of drugs in clinical trials for the manage-ment of cytokine storms in COVID-19 patients. Hitherto, several promising candidates such as IL-1 and IL-6 inhibitors have failed to display efficacy in the trials. Only corticosteroid therapy has shown benefit so far, albeit limited to patients on ventilator support. Thus, it is crucial to seek novel strategies to combat hyperinflammation and increase survival in COVID-19 afflicted patients.
Bipolar Disorder and Manic-Like Symptoms in Alzheimer’s, Vascular and
Frontotemporal Dementia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elefante Camilla , Brancati Giulio Emilio , Torrigiani Samuele , Amadori Salvatore , Ricciardulli Sara , Pistolesi Gabriele , Lattanzi Lorenzo , Perugi Giulio 
Published: July 2022

Background:
An increased risk of manic episodes has been reported in patients with neurodegenerative
disorders, but the clinical features of bipolar disorder (BD) in different subtypes of
dementia have not been thoroughly investigated.

Objectives:
The main aim of this study is to systematically review clinical and therapeutic evidence
about manic syndromes in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and
frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Since manic-mixed episodes have been associated to negative outcomes
in patients with dementia and often require medical intervention, we also critically summarized
selected studies with relevance for the treatment of mania in patients with cognitive decline.

Methods:
A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to February 2022. Sixty-one articles
on patients with AD, VaD, or FTD and BD or (hypo) mania have been included.

Results:
Manic symptoms seem to be associated to disease progression in AD, have a greatly variable
temporal relationship with cognitive decline in VaD, and frequently coincide with or precede
cognitive impairment in FTD. Overall, mood stabilizers, and electroconvulsive therapy may be the
most effective treatments, while the benefits of short-term treatment with antipsychotic agents must
be balanced with the associated risks. Importantly, low-dose lithium salts may exert neuroprotective
activity in patients with AD.

Conclusion:
Prevalence, course, and characteristics of manic syndromes in patients with dementia
may be differentially affected by the nature of the underlying neurodegenerative conditions.
Neutrophil Heterogeneity and its Roles in the Inflammatory Network after
Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Xie Meizhen , Hao Yulei , Feng Liangshu , Wang Tian , Yao Mengyue , Li Hui , Ma Di , Feng Jiachun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
As the first peripheral immune cells to enter the brain after ischemic stroke, neutrophils
are important participants in stroke-related neuroinflammation. Neutrophils are quickly mobilized
from the periphery in response to a stroke episode and cross the blood-brain barrier to reach the ischemic
brain parenchyma. This process involves the mobilization and activation of neutrophils from
peripheral immune organs (including the bone marrow and spleen), their chemotaxis in the peripheral
blood, and their infiltration into the brain parenchyma (including disruption of the blood-brain
barrier, inflammatory effects on brain tissue, and interactions with other immune cell types). In the
past, it was believed that neutrophils aggravated brain injuries through the massive release of proteases,
reactive oxygen species, pro-inflammatory factors, and extracellular structures known as neutrophil
extracellular traps (NETs). With the failure of early clinical trials targeting neutrophils and
uncovering their underlying heterogeneity, our view of their role in ischemic stroke has become
more complex and multifaceted. As neutrophils can be divided into N1 and N2 phenotypes in tumors,
neutrophils have also been found to have similar phenotypes after ischemic stroke, and play
different roles in the development and prognosis of ischemic stroke. N1 neutrophils are dominant
during the acute phase of stroke (within three days) and are responsible for the damage to neural
structures via the aforementioned mechanisms. However, the proportion of N2 neutrophils gradually
increases in later phases, and this has a beneficial effect through the release of anti-inflammatory
factors and other neuroprotective mediators. Moreover, the N1 and N2 phenotypes are highly plastic
and can be transformed into each other under certain conditions. The pronounced differences in their
function and their high degree of plasticity make these neutrophil subpopulations promising targets
for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
N-function Heterocycles as Promising Anticancer Agents: A Case Study
with a Decision Model in a Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Bulut Merve , Ökten Salih , Özcan Evrencan , Eren Tamer 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the data according to five accepted criteria for the
effects of twenty promising anticancer agents on five different cancer types and determine the most
effective compounds for further in vitro and in vivo studies with a multi-criteria decision-making method
(MCDM), which rationalizes decision making in a fuzzy environment to avoid the high cost and time
requirements of further preclinical and clinical studies.

Methods:
Within the scope of the study, the weights of the five criteria were evaluated with the
Pythagorean Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (PFAHP), which is one of the multi-criteria decisionmaking
methods, and a comparison was made with the criteria weights obtained as a result of the
Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) method. Moreover, the effects of criteria weights
calculated with PFAHP on evaluating alternatives were analyzed using different scenarios.

Results:
Experimentally, twenty N-heterocyclic quinoline derivatives with different substituents were
identified as promising anticancer agents. In this study, the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model
was proposed to identify the most promising anticancer agents against all tested cell lines. Both the
experimental and model results indicated that 20, 17, 19, and 7 are the most promising anticancer agents
against the A549, HeLa, Hep3B, HT29, and MCF7 cell lines. Moreover, different scenarios were generated
and analyzed to prove the consistency of the proposed methodology.

Conclusion:
MCDM strongly suggests that compounds 20, 17, 19, and 7 can be further investigated for in
vivo studies.
Effect of Citrus Flavanones on Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sabahat Ribka , Azhar Sameen , Sajjad Rameen , Nadeem Fatima , Amjad Aruba , Hafeez Nawal , Nayab Taram , Wahid Saba , Tanweer Afifa 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Fruits and vegetables play a significant role in the health and nutrition of
human beings. Flavanones being the major class of flavonoids are the main phytochemicals in citrus
fruits having several favorable effects, particularly in preventing diabetes.

Objective:
The purpose of this systematic review was to discuss the anti-diabetic potential of citrus
flavanones based on in-vivo studies.

Method:
A search of Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Research Gate, Science Direct, HEC Digital
Library databases for articles that have been published since 2010 was conducted using the
keywords citrus, flavanones, and diabetes.

Results:
A total of 10 articles were identified, in which it was reported that 5 flavanones have antidiabetic
effects. These flavanones have many benefits, such as they help in glycemic control, regulate
the biomarkers of lipid profile, renal function, and modulate the signaling pathways that increase
insulin sensitivity and uptake of glucose, thus are responsible for preventing diabetes and
complications related to it.

Conclusion:
Therefore, citrus flavanones are the candidates having promising anti-diabetic potential
but their effect needs to be verified through human studies.
Charge Variants Analysis of a Bispecific Antibody Using a Fully Automated
One-step Capillary Isoelectric Focusing - Mass Spectrometry
Method
Authors: Wang Lan , Wu Gang , Yu Chuanfei , Wang Wenbo , Du Jialiang , Xu Gangling , Fu Zhihao 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Bispecific antibody (BsAb) therapeutics have emerged as the next-generation immuno oncology therapy. The architecture of bsabs is inherently more complex than that of mAb therapeutics. As a result, prior knowledge of critical quality attributes (CQAs) assessment of mAbs is no longer inclusive for bsabs.

Objective:
The main objective of this work is to develop a fully automated one-step capillary isoelectric focusing – mass spectrometry (cIEF-MS) workflow for the charge variant analysis of a bispecific antibody molecule.

Method:
A number of critical factors for the method development are investigated: the performance of two commonly used ampholytes are compared; the impact of protein concentration for the cIEF-MS assay is examined; as for sample preparation, off-line and on-line desalting are compared; various combinations of Pharmalyte® 3-10 and 8-10.5 are considered.

Results:
In this fully automated workflow, the charge variants of this BsAb molecule are clearly separated and accurately identified. Based on six repeat injections, RSDs of the migration time of the identified charge variants are between 3 and 6%. The identified masses of each charge variant show a variation between 0.48 and 1.40 Da. The delta masses of the basic and acidic variants are from the most basic to the most acidic, -58.59, 162.26, 453.44, -907.47, 1,563.60, and 1,566.98 Da, respectively.

Conclusion:
Overall, the separation resolution, system sensitivity, robustness, and reproducibility of this fully automated cIEF-MS workflow, as demonstrated using this BsAb example, proves it a powerful assay for the quality assessment of recombinant protein therapeutics.
Phytochemical, Pharmacognostic, and Pharmacological Aspects of Ricinus
Communis Seed Oil: An Overview
Authors: Shekade Shubhangi V. , Shirolkar Satish V. , Deshkar Sanjeevani S. , Giram Prabhanjan S. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Castor oil is a multipurpose vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the
Ricinus communis from the family Euphorbiaceae. The castor oil contains a mixture of esters of saturated
and unsaturated fatty acids such as ricinoleic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid
linked to glycerol. The unique structure of major constituents of castor oil offers several functionalization
possibilities for transforming it into advanced functional material. Although castor oil is considered
nonedible, after purification, it is widely used for medicinal and cosmetic purposes.

Objective:
The objective of this paper is to review and compile the research work on castor oil, its
chemical composition, and different methods of extraction with their significance, and the use of castor
oil and its derivatives in healthcare, agriculture, and industrial applications.

Methods:
The literature related to castor oil and its applications was collected through different websites,
academic research portals, and databases, sorted and presented in this review.

Results:
Castor oil has been investigated for several medicinal applications including, antiulcer, antimicrobial,
bone degeneration, wound healing, and immune-booster, etc. Recently, castor oil and its
derivatives have been explored as lubricants, bioadhesives, polishing agents, insecticides, fertilizers,
biodiesel production, and vehicles for various drug delivery systems. This review summarizes the
chemical composition of castor oil, various methods for its extraction and purification, castor oil derivatives,
and different pharmacological, medicinal, industrial, and drug delivery applications.

Conclusion:
The castor oil and its derivatives offer numerous potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical,
agricultural, and cosmetic industry that has opened up several opportunities for research in
this area.