bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial fibrillation catheter ablation, brain glymphatic function, and cognitive performance
Authors: Guo Jiahuan , Zhang Zhe , Meng Xu , Jing Jing , Hu Yiran , Yao Yan , Ding Ligang , Zheng Lihui , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims
It remains unknown whether the brain glymphatic system, which is driven by the heartbeat-driven pulsation of arteries and is responsible for cerebral waste clearance, is impaired in atrial fibrillation (AF) and mediates cognitive dysfunction related to AF. The aim of this study was to assess brain glymphatic alterations in AF, their role in cognitive function, and whether catheter ablation can improve glymphatic activity.

Methods
In this case-control and prospective before–and–after study, patients with AF and healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Glymphatic activity was quantified by diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Magnetic resonance imaging was repeated after surgery in patients who underwent ablation.

Results
Overall, 87 patients with AF and 44 HCs were enrolled. Compared with HCs, patients with AF had a lower ALPS index (P = .016). Nonparoxysmal AF patients showed lower ALPS index than both HCs (P = .002) and paroxysmal AF patients (P = .044). A lower ALPS index was associated with worse scores of Trail Making Test, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, Digit Span Test, and Stroop Colour and Word Test (all P &lt; .05). Mediation analyses revealed that glymphatic activity was a mediator between AF and cognitive decline. Among the 50 patients who underwent ablation therapy, DTI-ALPS index was improved after surgery (P = .015).

Conclusions
Brain glymphatic function measured by DTI-ALPS index was impaired in patients with AF, mediates the association between AF and cognitive decline, and was improved after ablation therapy.
SCN10A-short gene therapy to restore conduction and protect against malignant cardiac arrhythmias
Authors: Wang Jianan , Verkerk Arie O , Wilders Ronald , Zhang Yingnan , Zhang Kelly , Prakosa Adityo , Rivaud Mathilde R , Marsman E Madelief J , Boender Arie R , Klerk Mischa , Fokkert Lianne , de Jonge Berend , Neef Klaus , Kirzner Osne F , Bezzina Connie R , Remme Carol Ann , Tan Hanno L , Boukens Bastiaan J , Devalla Harsha D , Trayanova Natalia A , Christoffels Vincent M , Barnett Phil , Boink Gerard J J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims
Life-threatening arrhythmias are a well-established consequence of reduced cardiac sodium current (INa). Gene therapy approaches to increase INa have demonstrated potential benefits to prevent arrhythmias. However, the development of such therapies is hampered by the large size of sodium channels. In this study, SCN10A-short (S10s), a short transcript encoding the carboxy-terminal domain of the human neuronal sodium channel, was evaluated as a gene therapy target to increase INa and prevent arrhythmias.

Methods
Adeno-associated viral vector overexpressing S10s was injected into wild type and Scn5a-haploinsufficient mice on which patch-clamp studies, optical mapping, electrocardiogram analyses, and ischaemia reperfusion were performed. In vitro and in silico studies were conducted to further explore the effect of S10s gene therapy in the context of human hearts.

Results
Cardiac S10s overexpression increased cellular INa, maximal action potential upstroke velocity, and action potential amplitude in Scn5a-haploinsufficient cardiomyocytes. S10s gene therapy rescues conduction slowing in Scn5a-haploinsufficient mice and prevented ventricular tachycardia induced by ischaemia-reperfusion in wild type mice. S10s overexpression increased maximal action potential upstroke velocity in human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and prevented inducible arrhythmias in simulated human heart models.

Conclusions
S10s gene therapy may be effective to treat cardiac conduction abnormalities and associated arrhythmias.
Priorities for medical device regulatory approval: a report from the European Society of Cardiology Cardiovascular Round Table
Authors: Windecker Stephan , Fraser Alan G , Szymanski Piotr , Gilard Martine , Lüscher Thomas F , Abid Leila , Brennan John , Byrne Robert , Crotti Lia , Drossart Inga , Franke Jennifer , Cossellu Mario Gabrielli , Kirtane Ajay J , Kurucova Jana , Krucoff Mitchell , McGauran Gearóid , Myers Patrick O , O’Connor Donal B , Parma Radosław , Piscoi Paul , Rao Archana , Rappagliosi Andrea , Stefanini Giulio , Samset Eigil , Vincent Alphons , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Weidinger Franz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The European Union (EU) Medical Device Regulation increased regulatory scrutiny to improve the safety and performance of new medical devices. An equally important goal is providing timely access to innovative devices to benefit patient care. The European Society of Cardiology strongly advocates for the evolution of the Medical Device Regulation system to facilitate priority access for innovative devices for unmet needs and orphan cardiovascular (CV) medical devices in EU countries. Although device approval is currently executed by Notified Bodies in the EU, it will be advantageous in the mid-term to consider a single EU regulatory agency for devices. In the short term, steps can be taken to transform the current system into a more efficient, predictable, cost-effective, and user-friendly service. Key strategies include the following: enhancing predictability of the approval process through use of early scientific advice from regulators; establishing unique regulatory pathways for CV orphan, paediatric, and innovative devices; promoting more efficient (re)certification of essential legacy CV devices; improving transparency of sponsor interactions with Notified Bodies; expanding the roles of the Expert Panels to assist in the approval of CV devices; promoting global regulatory harmonization, considering streamlined authorization of CV medical technologies across selected jurisdictions; developing an efficient system to monitor device safety; and ensuring funding for data collection platforms. Some strategies that could help include considering a pilot programme for joint approval processes of selected devices in partnership with other regions (i.e. US Food and Drug Administration); developing priority pathways for accelerated access to innovative or orphan devices; and increasing recognition of the importance of early feasibility studies in the EU.
Frailty trajectories after a cardiovascular event among community-dwelling older people
Authors: Phyo Aung Zaw Zaw , Tonkin Andrew , Espinoza Sara E , Vishwanath Swarna , Murray Anne M , Woods Robyn L , Callahan Kathryn E , Peters Ruth , Ryan Joanne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims
Individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are more likely to become frail. However, no study has determined whether an incident CVD event alters frailty trajectories in older individuals. This study aims to determine the extent to which an incident CVD event modifies frailty trajectories and to identify factors that influence those changes.

Methods
19,111 individuals (56.4%, women) ≥aged 65 years, who had no prior CVD event or other major health conditions at baseline, were followed for up to 11 years. Frailty was measured annually using the 64-item deficit-accumulation frailty index (FI) and Fried phenotype (Fried). Incident CVD events, including stroke, myocardial infarction and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), were adjudicated by international experts. Linear mixed models were used to measure frailty changes.

Results
Over a median 8.3-year follow-up, frailty trajectories increased over time and 1934 incident CVD events occurred. Following a CVD event, individuals had a short-term increase in both FI (adjusted-betas: 3.65; 95%CI, 3.34 to 3.96) and Fried (adjusted-beta: 0.32; 95%CI, 0.26 to 0.38). Afterwards, only FI continued to increase over time (adjusted-beta: 0.41, 95%CI, 0.21 to 0.62). Among the CVD events, HHF and stroke were associated with the greatest increase in frailty. Of the factors examined, being &gt;80 years, women, living alone, or residing in regional/remote areas were associated with greater frailty burden.

Conclusion
Our findings provide evidence that incident CVD event increases frailty burden, highlighting the need for targeted intervention to minimise frailty-related clinical complications for those most at risk.
Left Atrial Intramyocardial Fat at Pulmonary Vein Reconnection Sites during Atrial Fibrillation Redo Ablation
Authors: Landra Federico , Saglietto Andrea , Falasconi Giulio , Penela Diego , Soto-Iglesias David , Curti Emanuele , Tonello Bruno , Teresi Lucio , Turturiello Dario , Franco-Ocaña Paula , Gigante Carlo , Valeriano Chiara , Capobianco Claudio , Francia Pietro , Alderete José , Viveros Daniel , Bellido Aldo Francisco , Zaraket Fatima , Martí-Almor Julio , Cameli Matteo , Berruezo Antonio 
Published: February 2025

Structured Abstract

Background and Aims
Electrical reconnections between pulmonary veins (PVs) and the left atrium (LA) are frequently responsible for atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrences after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT)-derived images can be post-processed to detect intramyocardial fat (inFAT) by signal radiodensity thresholding. The role of inFAT on PV-LA reconnections remains unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between inFAT localization at pre-procedural MDCT-derived inFAT maps from first AF ablation and PV-LA reconnections in patients with AF recurrence undergoing redo ablation.

Methods
We included 45 consecutive patients who underwent AF redo ablation presenting at least one PV-LA reconnection. First AF ablation preprocedural MDCT-derived data were post-processed with ADAS 3DTM to create 3D LA inFAT maps, that were loaded into CARTO3 navigation system and merged with the electroanatomical map for reconnection site analysis.

Results
In 103 out of 156 (66.0%) PV-LA reconnection points inFAT was identified in the 6mm diameter tag point depicted in the navigation system. When dividing the PVI line into standardized segments, those identified as containing PV-LA reconnection points (i.e. reconnection segments) exhibited significantly higher total inFAT volumes compared with non-reconnection segments (8.05±6.56 vs. 5.40±5.18 μL, p&lt;0.001). Additionally, reconnection segments showed greater volumes of inFAT components, specifically dense inFAT (0.06±0.06 vs. 0.03±0.04 μL, p&lt;0.001) and fat-myocardial admixture (7.98±6.52 vs. 5.37±5.16 μL, p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion
InFAT is co-localized with two thirds of PV-LA reconnection points in patients undergoing AF redo ablation. Reconnection segments exhibit significantly higher inFAT volumes compared to non-reconnection segments. This proof-of-concept study suggests that inFAT may play a role in PV-LA electrical reconnections following PVI.
Relocating seismic events in the North Sea: challenges and insights for earthquake analysis
Authors: Jerkins Annie Elisabeth , Schweitzer Johannes , Kettlety Tom , Martuganova Evgeniia , Kühn Daniela , Oye Volker 
Published: February 2025

Summary
In this paper, we present a catalogue of relocated seismic events in the North Sea spanning 1961 to 2022. Data from all relevant agencies were combined, incorporating all available seismic phase readings, thereby enhancing station coverage. As a result, our updated locations reveal a more clustered and aligned seismicity pattern compared with the original catalogue. Even with our combined dataset, only 157 of the 7,089 relocated events have azimuthal gaps of less than 90 degrees. Additionally, the distances between onshore stations and offshore events are considerable. Both of these factors lead to relatively poorly constrained hypocentres for most events. We therefore evaluate the performance of 1D velocity models routinely used by different North Sea adjacent monitoring agencies for earthquake location estimations in the North Sea. The variations in assessments due to the seismic velocity model used are significantly larger than the uncertainty ellipses calculated in the relocation, demonstrating that arithmetic uncertainties systematically underestimate location uncertainties in this setting. Obtaining a realistic estimate of location uncertainty is however crucial, particularly for distinguishing between natural and induced seismicity. This is fundamental to safe monitoring of the North Sea offshore industries, including geological CO2 storage. To overcome these discrepancies between the uncertainty ellipses and our multiple relocations, we introduce an alternative method that accounts for variability in the 1D velocity models. This approach enhances the reliability of the earthquake catalogue, and provides a more robust assessment of seismic activity in the North Sea.
Novel Transcriptomic Signatures in Fibrostenotic Crohn’s Disease: Dysregulated Pathways, Promising Biomarkers, and Putative Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Acharjee Animesh , Shivaji Uday , Santacroce Giovanni , Akiror Sarah , Jeffery Louisa , Varnai Csilla , Reynolds Gary , Zardo Davide , Majumder Snehali , Amamou Asma , Gkoutos Georgios V , Iacucci Marietta , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Fibrosis is a common complication in Crohn’s disease (CD), often leading to intestinal strictures. This study aims to explore the transcriptomic signature of fibrostenotic ileal CD for a comprehensive characterization of biological and cellular mechanisms underlying intestinal fibrosis.

Methods
Nine CD patients undergoing surgery for fibrotic ileal strictures were prospectively recruited. RNA was extracted from fresh resected samples for bulk transcriptomics. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (adj. P value &lt; .05), and machine learning analyses were employed to compare gene expression patterns between strictures and non-strictured margins. Pathway enrichment analysis pinpointed relevant pathways. Furthermore, a random forest model was constructed to evaluate the significance of targeted genes. Relevant genes were subsequently validated through qPCR and further analyzed using a publicly available bulk RNA-seq dataset (GSE192786). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis was performed using the 10× Chromium Controller platform.

Results
Bulk transcriptomics revealed unique transcriptomes with 81 DEGs, 64 significantly up-regulated, and 17 down-regulated in strictures compared to non-strictured margins. Up-regulated genes were mainly associated with inflammation, matrix and tissue remodeling, adipogenesis and cellular stress, while down-regulated genes were linked to epithelial barrier integrity. LY96, AKAP11, SRM, GREM1, EHD2, SERPINE1, HDAC1, and FGF2 showed high specificity for strictures. scRNA-seq linked up-regulated GREM1 exclusively to fibroblasts, while EHD2 and FGF2 showed upregulation in both fibroblasts and endothelial cells. LY96 and SRM were expressed by immune cells, whereas HDAC1, AKAP11, and SERPINE1 showed low expression across all cellular subsets.

Conclusions
This study comprehensively characterizes resected CD ileal strictures, elucidating main dysregulated pathways and identifying promising biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets.
Intracranial thrombus migration and perioperative cerebral injury in acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Nagamine Hiroshi , Nagano Hiroshi , Asano Mitsuru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this report, we present a case of intracranial thrombus migration that contributed to the postoperative exacerbation of neurological injury in a 69-year-old man with acute type A aortic dissection complicated by cerebral malperfusion. Our findings underscore perioperative thrombus migration as a potentially underrecognized factor influencing inconsistent surgical outcomes. A comprehensive perioperative evaluation, including a detailed assessment of intracranial arteries, is imperative.
Analysis of device state parameter correlations and multimodal data model construction based on neural networks
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Dong Xiang , Han Xiaokun , Zhao Bi , Yi Shuwei , Bai Jian , Zhang Xuanwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Traditional methods for monitoring equipment status struggle to meet the analytical demands of high-dimensional data inherent in complex systems. To address this, this paper proposes a neural network-based approach for analyzing the correlations among equipment status parameters, combined with a multimodal data model. A denoising autoencoder is employed to construct a deep neural network (DNN) for fault feature extraction, while a hierarchical DNN (HDNN) algorithm is introduced to optimize feature extraction in multimodal environments. The accuracy of fault classification reached 98.05%. Comparative analysis with various models demonstrates the superiority of HDNN in fault classification and severity recognition.
Neurobiological Influences on Event Perception: The Role of Catecholamines
Authors: Ghorbani Foroogh , Zhou Xianzhen , Roessner Veit , Hommel Bernhard , Prochnow Astrid , Beste Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Event segmentation, the cognitive process of parsing continuous experiences into discrete events, plays a fundamental role in how humans perceive and interact with their environment. Guided by Event Segmentation Theory (EST), this study investigates the modulation of event segmentation by the catecholaminergic system by methylphenidate (MPH).

Methods
Healthy adult participants (N=52) engaged in a double-blind, counter-balanced, placebo-controlled experiment in which they watched a movie and identified event boundaries under placebo and MPH conditions.

Results
With the same information given, MPH increased the likelihood that the information was considered meaningful. Crucially, the number of situational changes and participant’s prior experience had an interactive effect on the probability of event segmentation. There was a stronger relationship between environmental information and segmentation probability when catecholaminergic levels were elevated by MPH in addition to previous experience.

Conclusions
The catecholaminergic system modulates how incoming information is segmented to build meaningful episodes. Prior experience supports the effects of MPH to unfold. These findings underscore the complex interplay between neurochemical modulation and cognitive processes involved in event perception.
Two amino-substituted Diphenyl Fumaramide Derivatives inhibit the virulence regulated by quorum sensing system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Ran Qiman , Yuan Yang , Wu Yi , Gan Xiongyao , Deng Junfeng , Chu Yiwen , Ji Qinggang , Wang Xinrong , Zhao Kelei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs the quorum sensing (QS) system, a sophisticated cell-to-cell communication mechanism, to modulate the synthesis and secretion of a range of virulence factors, which contribute to the establishment of acute or chronic infections in hosts. This study seeks to attenuate the virulence of P. aeruginosa by inhibiting the QS system, thereby reducing its pathogenicity as a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics.

Methods and Results
Two compounds with an amino-substituted diphenyl fumaramide core, N1-(4-bromophenyl)-N4-(4'-oxo-3',4'-dihydro-1'H-spiro [cyclopentane-1,2'-quinazolin]-6'-yl) fumaramide (10D) and N1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-N4-(4-oxo-3,4,4',5'-tetrahydro-1H,2'H-spiro [quinazoline-2,3'-thiophen]-6-yl) fumaramide (12A), were identified through in-silico screening. The QS inhibitory potential of both compounds was explored in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro experiments, neither compound exhibited bactericidal effects but significantly inhibited the production of QS-regulated extracellular protease and pyocyanin. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that QS-activated genes and downstream virulence genes were transcriptionally suppressed by 10D or 12A. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations predicted stable interactions between these compounds and the key QS regulators LasR and PqsR. When combined with polymyxin B, kanamycin, and levofloxacin, 10D and 12A exhibited synergistic antibacterial activity. Furthermore, compounds 10D and 12A significantly improved the survival of mice challenged with P. aeruginosa and effectively reduced the bacterial load in the lungs.

Conclusion
This study indicates that 10D and 12A possess considerable QS inhibitory potential, effectively attenuating the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa. Moreover, the study offers structural insights and methodological guidance for the advancement of anti-virulence drug development.
Development and Validation of a Single Stability Indicating Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) Method for Identification and Assay of Eprinomectin in Two Different Commercial Injectable Drug Products for Cattle
Authors: Dharmaratne Nayanthara U , Rustum Abu M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Eprinomectin (EPRN) is a semi-synthetic macrocyclic lactone exhibiting antiparasitic activity and is widely used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in veterinary drug products.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a single stability-indicating reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method to identify and assay EPRN in two different injectable drug products for cattle.

Method
The RP-HPLC method is carried out on a Halo-C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 2.7 µm particle size) maintained at 55 °C. The analytes are separated by a gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and detected at a wavelength of 245 nm. The mobile phase-A (MPA) of the method is 0.1% v/v aqueous perchloric acid, and mobile phase-B (MPB) is ethanol (EtOH). The Ascentis Express C18 column (100 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 2.7 µm particle size) was identified and validated as an equivalent column for the prescribed method.

Results
The RP-HPLC method described in this paper can adequately separate all major related substances of EPRN in the two drug products from EPRN B1a and EPRN B1b within 20 minutes.

Conclusions
The developed RP-HPLC method for the identification and assay of Eprinomectin was successfully validated in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2(R2), and demonstrated to be robust, linear, accurate, precise, specific, and stability-indicating.

Highlights
The new RP-HPLC method exhibits a higher level of selectivity but is yet rapid and simple, making it suitable for routine and non-routine analysis in Research and Quality Control (QC) laboratories.
Optimizing Screening Outcomes: A Guide for Breast Imaging Practices
Authors: Yoon Sora C , Baker Jay A , Grimm Lars J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Radiologists face a range of challenges to maximize the life-saving benefits of screening mammography, including pressure to maintain accuracy, manage heavy workloads, and minimize the risk of fatigue and burnout. This review provides targeted strategies to address these challenges and, ultimately, to improve interpretive performance of screening mammography. Workflow optimizations, including offline vs online and batched vs nonbatched interpretation, interrupted vs uninterrupted reading, and the importance of comparing current mammograms with prior examinations will be explored. Each strategy has strengths, weaknesses, and logistical challenges that must be tailored to the individual practice environment. Moreover, as breast radiologists contend with increasingly busy and hectic working conditions, practical solutions to protect reading environments and minimize distractions, such as the “sterile cockpit” approach, will be described. Additionally, breast radiologists are at greater risk for fatigue and burnout due to rising clinic volumes and an inadequate workforce. Optimizing the approach to reading screens is critical to helping breast imaging radiologists maintain and maximize the benefits of screening mammography, ensure the best outcomes for our patients, and maintain radiologist job satisfaction.