bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constitutionalizing care: How can we expand our constitutional imaginary after Covid-19?
Authors: Neo Jaclyn L 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has no doubt caused serious disruptions to lives across the globe. These range from minor inconveniences to major consequences to personal, social, political, economic, and constitutional aspects. With the pandemic still present but its biggest effects waning, this framing article for our symposium on Covid-19 seeks to address the question of whether constitutional law should be rethought, recalibrated to create a more resilient, more egalitarian, and more protective constitutional order. It offers a series of provocations centered around the idea of care as a constitutionalist ideal by which to organize a refreshed post-Covid constitutional order. By care, I mean that which is necessary for the health, welfare, maintenance, and safety of persons. The constitutionalization of care could mean a further reorientation of our constitutional focus from the usual “hard” subjects of constitutionalism, i.e. emergency power, pandemic regulation, and the continued working of the legislature, towards what may, so far, have been marginalized as “soft” constitutional subjects like social relations and families. These, I argue, are critical as Covid-19 has shown us that it is these “soft” constitutional subjects that have had the widest and deepest impact on the ground. This article therefore seeks to reconsider our constitutional epistemology.
Analysis of thermal stress, fatigue life and allowable flux density for the molten salt receiver in solar power tower plants
Authors: Luo Yan , Li Gen , Lu Tao , Wang Ruixing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The solar power tower (SPT) receiver design should be able to stand with fatigue damage caused by the passage of clouds, start-up and shut-down. In this paper, to investigate the impacts of incident heat flux distribution and SPT site weather data on the thermal stress, fatigue life and allowable flux density (AFD) of the molten salt receiver, the relationship between the fatigue life and AFD of the tube wall is developed based on the coupled thermal–structural analysis and Miner linear damage theory. The results show that the cosine effect of the circumferential heat flux distribution considered has a significant influence on the location and magnitude of the maximum thermal stress of the tube wall, which lead to the difference in the tube wall fatigue damage. The AFD are, respectively, 829 kW/m2 and 1037 kW/m2 under uniform and cosine circumferential heat flux distributions for the site of Barstow, USA, when the design lifetime of the tube is 30 years. Compared with the SPT site of Barstow, USA, the fatigue damage of the tube wall in Sevilla, Spain, and Delingha, China, are lower under the same conditions due to lower insolation hours of direct normal irradiation in the range of 750–1100 W/m2. The AFD are, respectively, 829 kW/m2, 973 kW/m2 and 997 kW/m2 for the site of Barstow, USA, Sevilla, Spain, and Delingha, China, with 30 years design life. These findings give guidelines for the operation reliability of the SPT molten salt receiver tube.
Lithium-ion battery-supercapacitor energy management for DC microgrids
Authors: Chen Haomeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The energy storage system can sufficiently alleviate the shortage of new energy such as photovoltaic/wind that is greatly affected by the environment. Higher-capacity lithium-ion batteries and higher-power supercapacitors (SCs) are considered ideal energy storage systems for direct current (DC) microgrids, and their energy management is critical. In this paper, a new control strategy is proposed, which adds the feedback compensation of the bus voltage to ensure that the bus voltage can be maintained in a more appropriate range after the energy storage system suppresses the load fluctuation process, meanwhile, considering there are many lithium-ion battery packs in the energy storage system, based on the traditional droop control strategy, the droop coefficient is optimized, so that the battery pack with the higher state of charge (SOC) bears more power to achieve SOC balance with other battery packs. In this paper, the simulation verification is carried out on MATLAB/SIMULINK, the simulation results show that the optimized strategy can effectively suppress the DC bus voltage fluctuation and achieve the SOC of the battery pack balance.
Molecular Characterization of BK Polyomavirus Replication in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Patients
Authors: Leuzinger Karoline , Kaur Amandeep , Wilhelm Maud , Frank Konstantin , Hillenbrand Caroline A , Weissbach Fabian H , Hirsch Hans H 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh-level BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) predicts failing immune control and BKPyV-associated hemorrhagic cystitis.MethodsTo identify molecular markers of BKPyV replication and disease, we scrutinized BKPyV DNA-loads in longitudinal urine and plasma pairs from 20 HCT patients using quantitative nucleic acid testing (QNAT), DNase-I treatment prior to QNAT, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and tested cell-mediated immunity.ResultsWe found that larger QNAT amplicons led to under-quantification and false-negatives results (P &lt; .001). DNase-I reduced urine and plasma BKPyV-loads by &gt;90% (P &lt; .001), indicating non-encapsidated BKPyV genomes. DNase-resistant urine BKPyV-loads remained infectious in cell culture. BKPyV genome fragmentation of ≤250 bp impaired NGS coverage of genetic variation using 1000-bp and 5000-bp amplicons. Conversely, 250-bp amplicons captured viral minority variants. We identified genotype-specific and genotype-independent changes in capsid Vp1 or T-antigen predicted to escape from antibody neutralization or cytotoxic CD8 T-cells, respectively. Genotype-specific changes in immunodominant 9mers were associated with reduced or absent CD8 T-cell responses. Thus, failure to control BKPyV replication in HCT Patients may involve insufficient genotype-specific cytotoxic CD8 T-cell responses, potentially predictable by low neutralizing antibodies as well as genotype-independent immune escape.ConclusionsOur results provide new insights for patient evaluation and for designing immune protection through neutralizing antibodies, adoptive T-cell therapy, or vaccines.
Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing to Estimate the Contribution of Immune Evasion and Waning Immunity on Decreasing COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness
Authors: Lind Margaret L , Copin Richard , McCarthy Shane , Coppi Andreas , Warner Fred , Ferguson David , Duckwall Chelsea , Borg Ryan , Muenker M Catherine , Overton John , Hamon Sara , Zhou Anbo , Cummings Derek A T , Ko Albert I , Hamilton Jennifer D , Schulz Wade L , Hitchings Matt D T 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe impact variant-specific immune evasion and waning protection have on declining coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) remains unclear. Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we examined the contribution these factors had on the decline that followed the introduction of the Delta variant. Furthermore, we evaluated calendar-period–based classification as a WGS alternative.MethodsWe conducted a test-negative case-control study among people tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 1 April and 24 August 2021. Variants were classified using WGS and calendar period.ResultsWe included 2029 cases (positive, sequenced samples) and 343 727 controls (negative tests). VE 14–89 days after second dose was significantly higher against Alpha (84.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 75.6%–90.0%) than Delta infection (68.9%; 95% CI, 58.0%–77.1%). The odds of Delta infection were significantly higher 90–149 than 14–89 days after second dose (P value = .003). Calendar-period–classified VE estimates approximated WGS-classified estimates; however, calendar-period–based classification was subject to misclassification (35% Alpha, 4% Delta).ConclusionsBoth waning protection and variant-specific immune evasion contributed to the lower effectiveness. While calendar-period–classified VE estimates mirrored WGS-classified estimates, our analysis highlights the need for WGS when variants are cocirculating and misclassification is likely.
Russian Discourse on International Criminal Law
Authors: Sayapin Sergey 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article argues that Russia’s continued use of force against Ukraine since 2014 has virtually ended the scholarly debate on international criminal law (ICL) in the Russian scholarly community. As shall be seen, mainstream legal and political discourse overlooks the crimes under international law — genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression — allegedly committed by Russian nationals, and effectively reduces ICL to a propaganda tool. Furthermore, Russia is reluctant to cooperate with the International Criminal Court (ICC). Ongoing international and transnational investigations and prosecutions against Russian nationals on charges of alleged crimes under ICL are likely to reinforce Russia’s isolation.
Noetherian Gödel logics
Authors: Aguilera Juan Pablo , Bydžovský Jan , Fernández-Duque David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We introduce Noetherian Gödel logics, Gödel logics where the set of truth values is a closed subset of $[0,1]$ containing $0$ and $1$ and without any infinite ascending sequences. There are infinitely many such logics, including the well-known logic $\textsf {G}^\downarrow $ whose set of truth values is $T_\downarrow = \{0\}\cup \{1/n:n\in \mathbb {N}\setminus \{0\}\}$. We compute the complexity of satisfiability and validity for each Noetherian Gödel logic and, in particular, in the logic $\textsf {G}^\downarrow $. This yields optimal strengthening of the results of Baaz–Leitsch–Zach and Hájek
Propagating spatially varying multiplicative shear bias to cosmological parameter estimation for stage-IV weak-lensing surveys
Authors: Cragg Casey , Duncan Christopher A J , Miller Lance , Alonso David 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We consider the bias introduced by a spatially varying multiplicative shear bias (m-bias) on tomographic cosmic shear angular power spectra. To compute the bias in the power spectra, we estimate the mode-coupling matrix associated with an m-bias map using a computationally efficient pseudo-Cℓ method. This allows us to consider the effect of the m-bias to high ℓ. We then conduct a Fisher matrix analysis to forecast resulting biases in cosmological parameters. For a Euclid-like survey with a spatially varying m-bias, with zero mean and rms of 0.01, we find that parameter biases reach a maximum of $\sim 10 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the expected statistical error, if multipoles up to ℓmax = 5000 are included. We conclude that the effect of the spatially varying m-bias may be a subdominant but potentially non-negligible contribution to the error budget in forthcoming weak lensing surveys. We also investigate the dependence of parameter biases on the amplitude and angular scale of spatial variations of the m-bias field, and conclude that requirements should be placed on the rms of spatial variations of the m-bias, in addition to any requirement on the mean value. We find that, for a Euclid-like survey, biases generally exceed $\sim 30 {{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of the statistical error for m-bias rms ∼0.02–0.03 and can exceed the statistical error for rms ∼0.04–0.05. This allows requirements to be set on the permissible amplitude of spatial variations of the m-bias that will arise due to systematics in forthcoming weak lensing measurements.
matryoshka II: accelerating effective field theory analyses of the galaxy power spectrum
Authors: Donald-McCann Jamie , Koyama Kazuya , Beutler Florian 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we present an extension to the matryoshka suite of neural-network-based emulators. The new editions have been developed to accelerate effective field theory of large-scale structure (EFTofLSS) analyses of galaxy power spectrum multipoles in redshift space. They are collectively referred to as the EFTEMU. We test the EFTEMU at the power spectrum level and achieve a prediction accuracy of better than 1 per cent with BOSS-like bias parameters and counterterms on scales 0.001 ≤ k ≤ 0.19 h Mpc−1. We also run a series of mock full-shape analyses to test the performance of the EFTEMU when carrying out parameter inference. Through these mock analyses, we verify that the EFTEMU recovers the true cosmology within 1σ at several redshifts (z = [0.38, 0.51, 0.61]), and with several noise levels (the most stringent of which is Gaussian covariance associated with a volume of 50003 Mpc3 h−3). We compare the mock inference results from the EFTEMU to those obtained with a fully analytic EFTofLSS model and again find no significant bias, whilst speeding up the inference by three orders of magnitude. The EFTEMU is publicly available as part of the matryoshkaPython package.
The Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey (PIGS) – V. A chemo-dynamical investigation of the early assembly of the Milky Way with the most metal-poor stars in the bulge
Authors: Sestito Federico , Venn Kim A , Arentsen Anke , Aguado David , Kielty Collin L , Lardo Carmela , Martin Nicolas F , Navarro Julio F , Starkenburg Else , Waller Fletcher , Carlberg Raymond G , François Patrick , González Hernández Jonay I , Kordopatis Georges , Vitali Sara , Yuan Zhen 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The investigation of the metal-poor tail in the Galactic bulge provides unique information on the early Milky Way assembly and evolution. A chemo-dynamical analysis of 17 very metal-poor stars (VMP, [Fe/H]&lt;−2.0) selected from the Pristine Inner Galaxy Survey was carried out based on Gemini/GRACES spectra. The chemistry suggests that the majority of our stars are very similar to metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo. Orbits calculated from Gaia EDR3 imply these stars are brought into the bulge during the earliest Galactic assembly. Most of our stars have large [Na,Ca/Mg] abundances, and thus show little evidence of enrichment by pair-instability supernovae. Two of our stars (P171457 and P184700) have chemical abundances compatible with second-generation globular cluster stars, suggestive of the presence of ancient and now dissolved globular clusters in the inner Galaxy. One of them (P171457) is extremely metal-poor ([Fe/H]&lt;−3.0) and well below the metallicity floor of globular clusters, which supports the growing evidence for the existence of lower-metallicity globular clusters in the early Universe. A third star (P180956, [Fe/H]∼−2) has low [Na,Ca/Mg] and very low [Ba/Fe] for its metallicity, which are consistent with formation in a system polluted by only one or a few low-mass supernovae. Interestingly, its orbit is confined to the Galactic plane, like other very metal-poor stars found in the literature, which have been associated with the earliest building blocks of the Milky Way.
High-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instruments
Authors: Maguire Cathal , Gibson Neale P , Nugroho Stevanus K , Ramkumar Swaetha , Fortune Mark , Merritt Stephanie R , de Mooij Ernst 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent progress in high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has offered new avenues in which to characterize the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. High-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy allows for the unambiguous detection of molecules/atoms. It has also been used to map both atmospheric dynamics and longitudinal variations in the abundance of species across the morning and evening limbs. We present multiple Very Large Telescope (VLT)/Echelle SPectrograph for Rocky Exoplanets and Stable Spectroscopic Observations (ESPRESSO) observations of the ultrahot Jupiter WASP-121b, from which we constrain relative abundances of various neutral metals consistently across all observations, whilst accounting for the distortion of the exoplanet’s signal caused by traditional data processing techniques. We also constrain planetary orbital velocities and T–P profiles. We compare our abundance constraints with previous constraints using VLT/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) transmission spectroscopy of WASP-121b, and find our results to be consistent between observations, and also in agreement with stellar values for species previously detected in the atmosphere of WASP-121b. Our retrieval framework can also be used to identify potential exospheric species, resulting in extended absorption features beyond the transit equivalent Roche limit of WASP-121b (ReqRL ∼ 1.3 Rp). Hα, Fe ii, and Ca ii were found to extend to high altitudes (1.54 ± 0.04 Rp, 1.17 ± 0.01 Rp, and 2.52 ± 0.34 Rp, respectively), which are broadly consistent with literature values. The consistency of our constraints across multiple high-resolution observations is a strong validation of our model filtering and retrieval framework, as well as the stability of the atmosphere over the time-scales of months/years, and could allow for planet formation processes to be inferred from future ground-based observations of exoplanetary atmospheres.
Challenging the Importance of Plastid Genome Structure Conservation: New Insights From Euglenophytes
Authors: Maciszewski Kacper , Fells Alicja , Karnkowska Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlastids, similar to mitochondria, are organelles of endosymbiotic origin, which retained their vestigial genomes (ptDNA). Their unique architecture, commonly referred to as the quadripartite (four-part) structure, is considered to be strictly conserved; however, the bulk of our knowledge on their variability and evolutionary transformations comes from studies of the primary plastids of green algae and land plants. To broaden our perspective, we obtained seven new ptDNA sequences from freshwater species of photosynthetic euglenids—a group that obtained secondary plastids, known to have dynamically evolving genome structure, via endosymbiosis with a green alga. Our analyses have demonstrated that the evolutionary history of euglenid plastid genome structure is exceptionally convoluted, with a patchy distribution of inverted ribosomal operon (rDNA) repeats, as well as several independent acquisitions of tandemly repeated rDNA copies. Moreover, we have shown that inverted repeats in euglenid ptDNA do not share their genome-stabilizing property documented in chlorophytes. We hypothesize that the degeneration of the quadripartite structure of euglenid plastid genomes is connected to the group II intron expansion. These findings challenge the current global paradigms of plastid genome architecture evolution and underscore the often-underestimated divergence between the functionality of shared traits in primary and complex plastid organelles.
Preparing European Nephrology for the next pandemic: lessons from the ERACODA collaboration
Authors: Vart Priya , Duivenvoorden Raphaël , Franssen Casper F M , Hemmelder Marc H , Jager Kitty J , Hilbrands Luuk B , Noordzij Marlies , Abramowicz Daniel , Basile Carlo , Covic Adrian , Crespo Marta , Massy Ziad A , Ortiz Alberto , Emilio Sanchez J , Petridou Emily , White Colin , Gansevoort Ron T 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTOwing to the vulnerability of patients with chronic kidney disease to infectious diseases, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been particularly devastating for the nephrology community. Unfortunately, the possibility of future COVID-19 waves or outbreaks of other infectious diseases with pandemic potential cannot be ruled out. The nephrology community made tremendous efforts to contain the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted several shortcomings in our response to the pandemic and has taught us important lessons that can be utilized to improve our preparedness for any future health crises of a similar nature. In this article we draw lessons from the European Renal Association COVID-19 Database (ERACODA) project, a pan-European collaboration initiated in March 2020 to understand the prognosis of COVID-19 in patients on kidney function replacement therapy. We discuss the challenges faced in generating timely and robust evidence for informed management of patients with kidney disease and give recommendations for our preparedness for the next pandemic in Europe. Limited collaboration, the absence of common data architecture and the sub-optimal quality of available data posed challenges in our response to COVID-19. Aligning different research initiatives, strengthening electronic health records, and involving experts in study design and data analysis will be important in our response to the next pandemic. The European Renal Association may take a leading role in aligning research initiatives via its engagement with other scientific societies, national registries, administrators and researchers.
RAGE ablation attenuates glioma progression and enhances tumor immune responses by suppressing galectin-3 expression
Authors: Zhang Ian Y , Liu Shunan , Zhang Leying , Liang Rongrui , Fang Qingxiao , Zhao Jie , Ren Lyuzhi , Medina Eric F , Filippov Aleksandr , Bonjoc Kimberley-Jane , Chaudhry Ammar , Dayyani Mojtaba , Bild Andrea H , Badie Behnam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Malignant gliomas consist of heterogeneous cellular components that have adopted multiple overlapping escape mechanisms that overcome both targeted and immune-based therapies. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is activated by diverse proinflammatory ligands present in the tumor microenvironment. Activation of RAGE by its ligands stimulates multiple signaling pathways that are important in tumor growth and invasion. However, treatment strategies that only target the interaction of RAGE with its ligands are ineffective as cancer therapies due to the abundance and diversity of exogenous RAGE ligands in gliomas.

Methods
As an alternative approach to RAGE ligand inhibition, we evaluated the genetic ablation of RAGE on the tumorigenicity of 2 syngeneic murine glioma models. RAGE expression was inhibited in the GL261 and K-Luc gliomas by shRNA and CRSPR/Cas9 techniques prior to intracranial implantation. Tumor growth, invasion, and inflammatory responses were examined by histology, survival, Nanostring, and flow cytometry.

Results
Intracellular RAGE ablation abrogated glioma growth and invasion by suppressing AKT and ERK1/2 activities and by downregulating MMP9 expression. Interestingly, RAGE inhibition in both glioma models enhanced tumor inflammatory responses by downregulating the expression of galectin-3 and potentiated immunotherapy responses to immune checkpoint blockade.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that intracellular RAGE ablation suppresses multiple cellular pathways that are important in glioma progression, invasion, and immune escape. These findings strongly support the development of RAGE ablation as a treatment strategy for malignant gliomas.
Introduction
Authors: Gibson-Light Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter introduces the reader to Sunbelt State Penitentiary (SSP), the site of eighteen months of ethnographic fieldwork and the setting of this book. Central figures, including working prisoners and correctional staff, are presented. After detailing current knowledge on pre- and post-prison inequalities in the United States, the chapter outlines the book’s central focus: an investigation into how on-the-ground realities in prison—and especially the realities of prison labor—contribute to stratification behind bars. It situates this argument in a historical overview of the importance of labor to American punishment. The book’s theoretical framework is discussed, and chapter summaries are provided.