bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MLPNN‐RF: Software fault prediction based on robust weight based optimization and Jacobian adaptive neural network
Authors: Thirukonda Krishnamoorthy Sivakumar Babu Rathish Babu , Sivasubramanian Suresh , Natarajan Sankarram 
Published: June 2022

SummarySoftware fault prediction (SFP) is a vital objective in software engineering. This might permit effective resource allocation and also enhance informed decisions about the release quality. SFP is being a critical issue for software professionals as well as the tech industry. Thus, SFP is necessary. The study intends to perform efficient error rate estimation using the proposed hybrid robust weight based optimization and Jacobian adaptive neural network (RWO‐JANN). It also aims to classify the software faults in an efficient way using multi‐layer perceptron neural network‐random forest (MLPNN‐RF). Various processes are involved to accomplish SFP. At first, the dataset is taken as input. After this, data preprocessing is performed. Subsequently, weights are initialized using the proposed RWO‐JANN. Weight initialization is performed through a series of steps. Then, the position and the weight parameter are updated to perform weight initialization. After this, the error rate is estimated and the weight is updated on the basis of the learning rate and Jacobian matrix calculation. Lastly, the decay rate is analyzed. If the error rate extends beyond the threshold value, the process repeats from weight initialization. If not, the testing process is performed and lastly the classified output for SFP is obtained by the proposed MLPNN‐RF. The proposed system is comparatively analyzed with the existing methods in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, sensitivity, specificity, and error rate. The analytical results revealed effective outcomes of proposed system than the existing techniques with accuracy of 99.01%.
Modeling factors to various drivers' actions due to vehicle malfunctions, the integrated latent class and latent variable model
Authors: Rezapour Mahdi , Ksaibati Khaled 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIt is known that how individuals perceive the situation result in choices. However, it is unknown, how drivers process the information of vehicle malfunctions based on the situation at hand. In this study, we only considered drivers' actions in cases where vehicles had some forms of malfunction at the time of the crash. Also due to endogeneity bias, or aggregation of the error term, we did not include the vehicle malfunction directly in our model. In addition, we used the latent variable (LV) for class allocation. Although the latent class model considering latent variable (LCLV) is not comparable with other considered models, by means of log likelihood, the results expanded our understanding regarding the indirect impact of an indicator of vehicle malfunction by means of latent variable on drivers' actions. Due to inclusion of latent variables in both, the indicator and the choice models, the relationship between those two models could be revealed based on the impacts of the latent variables. It was found that, for instance, the latent variable, which decreases the likelihood of driving vehicles with brake defect, at the same time increases taking driver action of speeding. Or female drivers are less likely to be involved in speeding driving actions before crashes due to various vehicles malfunctions. Driving under the influence of drug or alcohol or being under emotional conditions were some of the factors impacting various drivers actions. This is the earliest study implemented the technique in the context of traffic safety.
Predicting time‐resolved electrophysiological brain networks from structural eigenmodes
Authors: Tewarie Prejaas , Prasse Bastian , Meier Jil , Mandke Kanad , Warrington Shaun , Stam Cornelis J. , Brookes Matthew J. , Van Mieghem Piet , Sotiropoulos Stamatios N. , Hillebrand Arjan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHow temporal modulations in functional interactions are shaped by the underlying anatomical connections remains an open question. Here, we analyse the role of structural eigenmodes, in the formation and dissolution of temporally evolving functional brain networks using resting‐state magnetoencephalography and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data at the individual subject level. Our results show that even at short timescales, phase and amplitude connectivity can partly be expressed by structural eigenmodes, but hardly by direct structural connections. Albeit a stronger relationship was found between structural eigenmodes and time‐resolved amplitude connectivity. Time‐resolved connectivity for both phase and amplitude was mostly characterised by a stationary process, superimposed with very brief periods that showed deviations from this stationary process. For these brief periods, dynamic network states were extracted that showed different expressions of eigenmodes. Furthermore, the eigenmode expression was related to overall cognitive performance and co‐occurred with fluctuations in community structure of functional networks. These results implicate that ongoing time‐resolved resting‐state networks, even at short timescales, can to some extent be understood in terms of activation and deactivation of structural eigenmodes and that these eigenmodes play a role in the dynamic integration and segregation of information across the cortex, subserving cognitive functions.
Realist evaluation in times of decolonising global health
Authors: Renmans Dimitri , Sarkar Nandini , Van Belle Sara , Affun‐Adegbulu Clara , Marchal Bruno , Mukumbang Ferdinand C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRealist evaluation (RE) is a theory‐driven evaluation approach inspired by scientific realism. It has become increasingly popular in the field of global health where it is often applied in low‐ and middle‐income countries. This makes it timely to discuss RE's relationship to the emerging decolonisation of global health movement. In this short perspective, we argue that the principles and practices that underpin RE have great potential to contribute to the decolonisation endeavour. Both the focus on the inclusion of local stakeholders and the openness to the rival theories these stakeholders bring to the fore, are promising. However, in practice, we see that a lack of acknowledgement of power imbalances and different ontologies and an overreliance on Western‐based theories thwart this potential. We therefore suggest that realist evaluations performed by external researchers, especially in the field of global health, should actively engage with issues of (power) inequities. This is not only the just thing to do, but will also contribute to a better understanding of the intervention and may facilitate the emancipation of the disenfranchised. One way of doing this is through the adoption of participatory (action) research methods, currently underused in realist evaluations. We finally give a short example of an evaluation that combines emancipatory and participatory practice development with a realist approach. The Afya‐Tek project in Tanzania has an innovative bottom‐up approach throughout the full evaluation cycle and shows the possible strength of the proposed combination to create better interventions, more empowered stakeholders, and more illuminating programme theories.
Effect of microalgae biodiesel blending on diesel engine characteristics
Authors: Murad Mariam E. , Al‐Dawody Mohamed F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe current numerical work investigates the effect of using algae methyl ester (AME) blends with diesel fuel on diesel engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics. Five volumetric blends of biodiesel drived from spirulina algae (20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% AME) have been examined numerically with help of Diesel‐RK and compared with diesel fuel. As a result of investigations, the addition of AME blends reduces the cylinder pressure and shifts it closer to Top Dead Center. The heat release rate reduced as the percentage of AME increased, whereas 30% AME reduces the heat release by 9.96%. All blends of AME to diesel decrease brake thermal efficiency (BTE) slightly and increase brake‐specific fuel consumption (BSFC), whereas using 30% AME reduces BTE 1.09% and increases BSFC 5.89% compared with diesel. The shorter delay time is observed by using the proposed AME blends recording reduction in the delay period starting from 18.23% up to 65.77%. Bosch smoke number decreases as a result of AME addition recording a 17.19% reduction in case of 30% AME while it increased after 70% AME. Promising reduction in SO2 emissions compared with diesel observed by an average of 14.08%, 21.78%, 38.41%, 56.28%, and 84.07% when using 20%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% AME, respectively. Slight increase in CO2 emissions within the range of 1.17%–6.22% when using AME blends between 20% and 100%. On the basis of the main findings, the 30% AME biodiesel was noticed as the most excellent mixing proportion. The main contribution focuses on “How spirulina microalgae biodiesel can enhance the characteristics of a diesel engine.” The obtained results are compared with the findings of other studies.
Pelviureteric junction obstruction of the ipsilateral kidney caused by hydronephrosis secondary to crossed fused renal ectopia
Authors: Kato Taiki , Aoki Maria , Torii Koei , Hamakawa Takashi , Nishio Hidenori , Mizuno Kentaro , Ikegami Yosuke , Maruyama Tetsuji , Hayashi Yutaro , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionCrossed fused renal ectopia is rare and usually asymptomatic. However, it is associated with urological anomalies.Case presentationA 15‐year‐old Japanese boy was transported to our hospital with right abdominal pain and hematuria after a soccer ball hit his right abdomen. Computed tomography revealed right hydronephrosis beyond the center of the body and no left kidney. Percutaneous nephrostomy was performed immediately, and a pyeloplasty was scheduled for 5 months later. Right hydronephrosis was noted to have been caused by left pelvic expansion due to a crossed fused ectopic kidney (secondary to a left pelviureteric junction obstruction). Subsequently, a left dismembered pyeloplasty was performed. Twenty‐four months later, pain and hematuria were absent, and the creatinine level was 1.1 mg/dL. Ultrasonography revealed a shrunken right kidney.ConclusionWe encountered a unique urological anomaly with crossed fused renal ectopia. Comprehensive anatomical evaluation before surgery is important for maintaining long‐term renal function.
Paraurachal paraganglioma
Authors: Tsuruta Masafumi , Goto Takayuki , Kono Jin , Kita Yuki , Masui Kimihiko , Sano Takeshi , Fujimoto Masakazu , Sawada Atsuro , Akamatsu Shusuke , Kobayashi Takashi 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionParagangliomas (PGLs) are frequently reported around the abdominal aorta; however, are extremely rare near the urachus.Case presentationA 78‐year‐old woman was referred to the urology department of our hospital for further examination and treatment of a 1.2‐cm tumor in the lower abdominal wall, a tumor excision was then performed. On immunohistochemical staining, the tumor and supporting cells were positive for chromogranin A and the S 100 protein, respectively, and were diagnosed as PGL. The PGL was thought to be derived from chromaffin cells that migrated to the wall of the urachus during embryonic life and remained even after the wall regressed.ConclusionWe report a case of PGL near the urachus that can be explained by the distribution of the sympathetic network around the midline of the lower abdominal wall during embryonic development. Therefore, PGL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of periurachal tumors.
ROBO‐GOLF: Robotic mowers for better turf quality on golf courses—Preliminary results
Authors: Hesselsøe Karin J. , Borchert Anne F. , Aamlid Trygve S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSince 2020, the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy (NIBIO) Turfgrass Research Group has been studying agronomic, environmental, and economic consequences of switching to light‐weight robotic mowers on golf course fairways and semiroughs. Preliminary results from field trials in 2020 and 2021 at the NIBIO Turfgrass Research Center Landvik, Norway, and demonstration trials on one golf course in each of the five Nordic countries, showed that turfgrass quality with robotic mowing was similar to manual mowing. At Landvik, robotic mowing resulted in less disease in both fairway and semirough but more infestation of white clover than manual mowing in the semirough. A survey of players’ attitudes to robotic mowers conducted on the five golf courses showed that about 90% of the players were positive or neutral to the new technology. However, respondents asked for better adaptation of the local rules on the golf course and even the international rules of golf to robotic mowing.
Synthesis, antiinflammatory, and cytotoxic activity of novel pyrazolo[4,3‐c][2,1]benzothiazine 4,4‐dioxide derivatives
Authors: Vo Ngoc Binh , Ngo Quoc Anh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract13 novel pyrazolo[4,3‐c][2,1]benzothiazine 4,4‐dioxide derivatives that mimic the pharmacophore of piroxicam as well as celecoxib were conveniently synthesized in a catalyst‐free and atom‐economical method in which an unconventional redox‐neutral reaction of 2‐nitrochalcones with elemental sulfur to straightforward access to 2,1‐benzothiazine 2,2‐dioxide core is the key step. Eight new pyrazolo[4,3‐c][2,1]benzothiazine derivatives significantly inhibited NO production than the positive control. Besides that, most of the compounds exhibited weak cytotoxic activity suggesting a potent and selective antiinflammatory activity related to the antiproliferative activity of these novel compounds. Thus, incorporation of the pharmacophoric groups of the two above drugs in a single molecule plays an important role in determining a better antiinflammatory activity of the new compounds.
Exploring the molecular interaction of pheniramine with Enterococcus faecalis homoserine kinase: In‐silico studies
Authors: Yadav Jyoti , Singh Harpreet , Pal Sudhir Kumar , Das Satyajeet , Srivastava Vijay Kumar , Jyoti Anupam , Sharma Vinay , Kumar Sanjit , Kaushik Sanket 
Published: June 2022

AbstractInfections caused by the bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (also known as E. faecalis) are common in hospitals. This bacterium is resistant to a wide range of medicines and causes a variety of nosocomial infections. An increase in the number of infections caused by multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria is causing substantial economic and health issues around the world. Consequently, new therapeutic techniques to tackle the growing threat of E. faecalis infections must be developed as soon as possible. In this regard, we have targeted a protein that is regarded to be critical for the survival of bacteria in this experiment. Homoserine kinase (HSK) is a threonine metabolism enzyme that belongs to the GHMP kinase superfamily. It is a crucial enzyme in threonine metabolism. This enzyme is responsible for a critical step in the threonine biosynthesis pathway. Given the important function that E. faecalis Homoserine Kinase (ESK) plays in bacterial metabolism, we report here cloning, expression, purification and structural studies of E. faecalis HSK using homology modelling. In addition, we have reported on the model's molecular docking and Molecular Dynamic Stimulation (MD Stimulation) investigations to validate the results of the docking experiments. The results were promising. In silico investigations came up with the conclusion: pheniramine has good binding affinity for the E. faecalis HSK.
Electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometric study of fused nitrogen‐containing ring systems
Authors: Krajsovszky Gábor , Dalmadiné Kiss Borbála , Ludányi Krisztina , Mándity István M. , Bogdán Dóra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFour fused nitrogen‐containing ring systems were investigated by electrospray ionization–tandem mass spectrometry: Pyridazino‐indoles, pyridazino‐quinolines, a pyrimido‐quinoline derivative and pyrimido‐cinnolines. Fragmentation patterns of these compounds are discussed and compared. Several characteristic cross‐ring fragments were formed mainly on the pyridazine and pyrimidine rings of the ring systems. The connected Cl, NO2, Me, Ph and more extended heterocyclic substituents influenced the fragmentation.
Canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signaling has positive effects on osteogenesis, but can have negative effects on cementogenesis
Authors: Li Tiancheng , Wang Han , Jiang Yukun , Guan Yuzhe , Chen Shuo , Wu Zuping , Zou Shujuan , Bonewald Lynda Faye , Duan Peipei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo date, therapeutic approaches for cementum regeneration are limited and outcomes remain unpredictable. A significant barrier to improve therapies for cementum regeneration is that the cementocyte and its intracellular signal transduction mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of Wnt pathway in cementogenesis.MethodsThe effects of canonical Wnt signaling were compared in vitro using immortalized murine cementocyte cell line IDG‐CM6 and osteocyte cell line IDG‐SW3 by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, confocal microscopy, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and Alizarin red S staining. In vivo, histological changes of cementum and bone formation were examined in transgenic mice in which constitutive activation of β‐catenin is driven by Dmp1 promoter.ResultsExpression of components of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway were much greater in the IDG‐SW3 cells compared with the IDG‐CM6 cells resulting in much lower expression of Sost/sclerostin in the IDG‐SW3 cells. In the IDG‐CM6 cells, low dose Wnt3a (20 ng/ml) had a modest effect while high dose (200 ng/ml) inhibited runt‐related transcription factor 2, osterix, ALP, and osteopontin in contrast to the IDG‐SW3 cells where high dose Wnt3a dramatically increased mRNA expression of these same markers. However, high Wnt3a significantly increased mRNA for components of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in both IDG‐CM6 and IDG‐SW3 cells. In vivo, constitutive activation of β‐catenin in the Dmp1‐lineage cells in mice leads to bone hyperplasia and cementum hypoplasia.ConclusionThese findings indicate that Wnt signaling has distinct and different effects on the regulation of long bone as compared with cementum.
Associations between posttraumatic stress symptoms and abuse experiences in child and adolescent girls from a Central African country
Authors: Wa Mwenda Jonas Kakungu Assani , Kisungu Basile Kalema , Jean Baptiste Kakoma N'dusu , Alyousef Hala Ayaman , Meng Heng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently reported among survivors of abuse. However, there is a paucity of research examining the association between PTSD and abuse, including polyvictimization, in nonconflict areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). We aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of PTSD among girls in nonconflict zones who experienced at least one type of abuse. Participants in this cross‐sectional study were 3,011 middle‐school girls, aged 11–18 years, who attended randomly selected schools and completed questionnaires. The probable PTSD prevalence was 67.5%. The rate of probable PTSD increased with the number of experienced abuse types over a 12‐month period. The findings demonstrated associations between probable PTSD and exposure to five (86.9%), four (63.9%), and three types of abuse (60.1%). The strongest association was observed between probable PTSD and experiencing five types of abuse, OR = 26.806, 95% CI [19.303, 37.225]; associations were also found between PTSD and abuse with a weapon, OR = 4.341, 95% CI [3.519, 5.354]; rape with penetration, OR = 4.728, 95% CI [3.447, 6.484]; and experiencing three, OR = 6.625, 95% CI [4.325, 10.148], or four types of abuse, OR = 7.114, 95% CI [5.025,10.070]. The findings of this study underscore the importance of the need for psychological and physical health care for girls who have been exposed to abuse, regardless of the number of abuse experiences or abuse types she has experienced.
Mutation Screening of TFG in α‐Synucleinopathy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Li Chunyu , Lin Junyu , Gu Xiaojing , Hou Yanbing , Liu Kuncheng , Jiang Qirui , Ou Ruwei , Wei Qianqian , Chen Xueping , Song Wei , Zhao Bi , Wu Ying , Chen Yongping , Shang Huifang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecently, p.R383H in TFG was identified as the disease cause in a family with α‐synucleinopathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, no further replication has been conducted in larger cohorts.ObjectiveThe aim was to explore the genetic role of TFG in α‐synucleinopathy and ALS.MethodsWe analyzed the rare protein‐coding variants in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), ALS, multiple system atrophy (MSA), spastic paraplegia (N = 2709), and 7536 controls with whole‐exome sequencing.ResultsNine rare variants were identified in PD and two in MSA. One PD patient carried the same variant p.R383H. Similarly, this patient developed early‐onset PD with bradykinesia and rigidity on the left side as the initial symptoms. However, at the gene level, rare variants of TFG were not enriched in patients.ConclusionsRare variants of TFG were not enriched in α‐synucleinopathy and ALS. However, we could not deny the potential pathogenicity of specific variants such as p.R383H. Further exploration is still necessary. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Optimization design of sphere‐tube‐coupled photoacoustic cell and application of nitrogen dioxide detection
Authors: Li Zhengang , Liu Jiaxiang , Si Ganshang , Ning Zhiqiang , Fang Yonghua , Pan Ying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBased on photoacoustic spectroscopy, a high‐sensitivity sphere‐tube‐coupled photoacoustic cell suitable for gas detection in the ultraviolet to the near‐infrared band (UV‐NIR) was developed. A diffuse reflection sphere with the inner wall coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was invoked as a long optical path cell, and the light beam was reflected multiple times on the inner wall of the sphere to increase the absorption path of the gas. An aluminum tube was used as a resonance cavity, which worked in the first‐order longitudinal resonance mode to amplify the photoacoustic signal. To improve the performance of the photoacoustic cell and the detection ability of the gas to be measured, the geometric parameters of the photoacoustic cell were optimized through finite element simulation, which not only reduced the volume of the photoacoustic cell but also increased the sound pressure and quality factor. To compare the detection performance of the photoacoustic cell before and after optimization, relevant experiments were carried out with nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as an example. The results showed that the response capacity of the photoacoustic cell for NO2 increased from 0.52546 to 0.61294 mV/ppm. The minimum detection limit was reduced from 270 to 68 ppt, and the average time of Allan deviation was 100 s. Additionally, due to the wide band high reflectance of PTFE, the gases with absorption peaks in UV‐NIR could realize high‐sensitivity detection based on the long optical path and acoustic resonance.