bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway ameliorates murine experimental Th2-type colitis by suppressing the migration of plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: Kanauchi Yuya , Yamamoto Takeshi , Yoshida Minako , Zhang Yue , Lee Jaemin , Hayashi Shusaku , Kadowaki Makoto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Several studies have demonstrated that α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) exert anti-inflammatory effects on immune cells and nicotine suppress UC onset and relapse. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) reportedly accumulate in the colon of UC patients. Therefore, we investigated the pathophysiological roles of α7nAChRs on pDCs in the pathology of UC using oxazolone (OXZ)-induced Th2-type colitis with BALB/c mice. 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a central vagal stimulant suppressed OXZ colitis, and nicotine also ameliorated OXZ colitis with suppressing Th2 cytokines, which was reversed by α7nAChR antagonist methyllycaconitine. Additionally, α7nAChRs were expressed on pDCs, which were located very close to cholinergic nerve fibers in the colon of OXZ mice. Furthermore, nicotine suppressed CCL21-induced bone marrow-derived pDC migration due to Rac 1 inactivation, which was reversed by methyllycaconitine, a JAK2 inhibitor AG490 or caspase-3 inhibitor AZ-10417808. CCL21 was mainly expressed in the isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) of the colon during OXZ colitis. The therapeutic effect of cholinergic pathway on OXZ colitis probably through α7nAChRs on pDCs were attributed to the suppression of pDC migration toward the ILFs. Therefore, the activation of α7nAChRs has innovative therapeutic potential for the treatment of UC.
Device quantization policy in variation-aware in-memory computing design
Authors: Chang Chih-Cheng , Li Shao-Tzu , Pan Tong-Lin , Tsai Chia-Ming , Wang I-Ting , Chang Tian-Sheuan , Hou Tuo-Hung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDevice quantization of in-memory computing (IMC) that considers the non-negligible variation and finite dynamic range of practical memory technology is investigated, aiming for quantitatively co-optimizing system performance on accuracy, power, and area. Architecture- and algorithm-level solutions are taken into consideration. Weight-separate mapping, VGG-like algorithm, multiple cells per weight, and fine-tuning of the classifier layer are effective for suppressing inference accuracy loss due to variation and allow for the lowest possible weight precision to improve area and energy efficiency. Higher priority should be given to developing low-conductance and low-variability memory devices that are essential for energy and area-efficiency IMC whereas low bit precision (< 3b) and memory window (< 10) are less concerned.
Correlative imaging of ferroelectric domain walls
Authors: Gaponenko Iaroslav , Cherifi-Hertel Salia , Acevedo-Salas Ulises , Bassiri-Gharb Nazanin , Paruch Patrycja 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe wealth of properties in functional materials at the nanoscale has attracted tremendous interest over the last decades, spurring the development of ever more precise and ingenious characterization techniques. In ferroelectrics, for instance, scanning probe microscopy based techniques have been used in conjunction with advanced optical methods to probe the structure and properties of nanoscale domain walls, revealing complex behaviours such as chirality, electronic conduction or localised modulation of mechanical response. However, due to the different nature of the characterization methods, only limited and indirect correlation has been achieved between them, even when the same spatial areas were probed. Here, we propose a fast and unbiased analysis method for heterogeneous spatial data sets, enabling quantitative correlative multi-technique studies of functional materials. The method, based on a combination of data stacking, distortion correction, and machine learning, enables a precise mesoscale analysis. When applied to a data set containing scanning probe microscopy piezoresponse and second harmonic generation polarimetry measurements, our workflow reveals behaviours that could not be seen by usual manual analysis, and the origin of which is only explainable by using the quantitative correlation between the two data sets.
BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism modulates brain activity following rTMS-induced memory impairment
Authors: Abellaneda-Pérez Kilian , Martin-Trias Pablo , Cassé-Perrot Catherine , Vaqué-Alcázar Lídia , Lanteaume Laura , Solana Elisabeth , Babiloni Claudio , Lizio Roberta , Junqué Carme , Bargalló Núria , Rossini Paolo Maria , Micallef Joëlle , Truillet Romain , Charles Estelle , Jouve Elisabeth , Bordet Régis , Santamaria Joan , Rossi Simone , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Blin Olivier , Richardson Jill , Jovicich Jorge , Bartrés-Faz David 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism is a relevant factor explaining inter-individual differences to TMS responses in studies of the motor system. However, whether this variant also contributes to TMS-induced memory effects, as well as their underlying brain mechanisms, remains unexplored. In this investigation, we applied rTMS during encoding of a visual memory task either over the left frontal cortex (LFC; experimental condition) or the cranial vertex (control condition). Subsequently, individuals underwent a recognition memory phase during a functional MRI acquisition. We included 43 young volunteers and classified them as 19 Met allele carriers and 24 as Val/Val individuals. The results revealed that rTMS delivered over LFC compared to vertex stimulation resulted in reduced memory performance only amongst Val/Val allele carriers. This genetic group also exhibited greater fMRI brain activity during memory recognition, mainly over frontal regions, which was positively associated with cognitive performance. We concluded that BDNF Val66Met gene polymorphism, known to exert a significant effect on neuroplasticity, modulates the impact of rTMS both at the cognitive as well as at the associated brain networks expression levels. This data provides new insights on the brain mechanisms explaining cognitive inter-individual differences to TMS, and may inform future, more individually-tailored rTMS interventions.
Spherical harmonics to quantify cranial asymmetry in deformational plagiocephaly
Authors: Grieb Jonas , Barbero-García Inés , Lerma José Luis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCranial deformation and deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in particular affect an important percentage of infants. The assessment and diagnosis of the deformation are commonly carried by manual measurements that provide low interuser accuracy. Another approach is the use of three-dimensional (3D) models. Nevertheless, in most cases, deformation measurements are carried out manually on the 3D model. It is necessary to develop methodologies for the detection of DP that are automatic, accurate and take profit on the high quantity of information of the 3D models. Spherical harmonics are proposed as a new methodology to identify DP from head 3D models. The ideal fitted ellipsoid for each head is computed and the orthogonal distances between head and ellipsoid are obtained. Finally, the distances are modelled using spherical harmonics. Spherical harmonic coefficients of degree 2 and order − 2 are identified as the correct ones to represent the asymmetry characteristic of DP. The obtained coefficient is compared to other anthropometric deformation indexes, such as Asymmetry Index, Oblique Cranial Length Ratio, Posterior Asymmetry Index and Anterior Asymmetry Index. The coefficient of degree 2 and order − 2 with a maximum degree of 4 is found to provide better results than the commonly computed anthropometric indexes in the detection of DP.
Spatial and temporal variation of the ambient noise environment of the Sikkim Himalaya
Authors: Uthaman Mita , Singh Chandrani , Singh Arun , Jana Niptika , Dubey Arun Kumar , Sarkar Sukanta , Tiwari Ashwani Kant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAmbient noise characteristics are perused to assess the station performance of 27 newly constructed broadband seismic stations across Sikkim Himalaya and adjoining Himalayan foreland basin, installed to study the seismogenesis and subsurface structure of the region. Power spectral densities obtained at each station, compared against the global noise limits, reveal that observed vertical component noise levels are within the defined global limits. However, the horizontal components marginally overshoot the limits due to the tilt effect. Ambient noise conditions significantly vary with different installation techniques, analysis revealing that seismic sensors buried directly in the ground have reduced long-period noise in comparison to pier installations. Tectonic settings and anthropogenic activities are also noted to cause a significant rise across short-period and microseism noise spectrum, varying spatially and temporally across the region. Day-time records higher cultural noise than night-time, while the microseism noise dominates during the monsoonal season. An assessment of the effect of the nationwide lockdown imposed due to COVID-19 pandemic revealed a significant decrease in the short-period noise levels at stations installed across the foreland basin marked with higher anthropogenic activity. Our study summarizes the overall ambient noise patterns, validating the stability and performance of the seismic stations across the Sikkim Himalayas.
Correlation between gene expression and MRI STIR signals in patients with chronic low back pain and Modic changes indicates immune involvement
Authors: Vigeland Maria Dehli , Flåm Siri Tennebø , Vigeland Magnus Dehli , Espeland Ansgar , Kristoffersen Per Martin , Vetti Nils , Wigemyr Monica , Bråten Lars Christian Haugli , Gjefsen Elisabeth , Schistad Elina Iordanova , Haugen Anne Julsrud , Froholdt Anne , Skouen Jan Sture , Zwart John-Anker , Storheim Kjersti , Pedersen Linda Margareth , Lie Benedicte Alexandra ,   the AIM Study Group, Anke Audny , Winsvold Bendik Slagsvold , Lurud Britt Elin , Hellum Christian , Andersen Erling , Granvigen Fredrik , Marchand Gunn Hege , Kjos Guro , Andersen Hege , Presberg Hilde , Østhus Ida Beate , Brox Jens Ivar , Aßmus Jörg , Gammelsrud Karianne Wiger , Huneide Knut Morten , Grøvle Lars , Rolfsen Mads Peder , Wilhelmsen Maja , Grotle Margreth , Thorsø Marianne , Lutro Olav , Nygaard Øystein Petter , Randen Sigrun , Claussen Siv Krüger , Fors Terese , Kadar Thomas Istvan , Holmgard Thor Einar , Sørensen Veronica , Rao Vidar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDisability and distress caused by chronic low back pain (LBP) lacking clear pathoanatomical explanations cause huge problems both for patients and society. A subgroup of patients has Modic changes (MC), identifiable by MRI as vertebral bone marrow lesions. The cause of such changes and their relationship to pain are not yet understood. We explored the pathobiology of these lesions using profiling of gene expression in blood, coupled with an edema-sensitive MRI technique known as short tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging. STIR images and total RNA from blood were collected from 96 patients with chronic LBP and MC type I, the most inflammatory MC state. We found the expression of 37 genes significantly associated with STIR signal volume, ten genes with edema abundancy (a constructed combination of STIR signal volume, height, and intensity), and one gene with expression levels significantly associated with maximum STIR signal intensity. Gene sets related to interferon signaling, mitochondrial metabolism and defense response to virus were identified as significantly enriched among the upregulated genes in all three analyses. Our results point to inflammation and immunological defense as important players in MC biology in patients with chronic LBP.
Population differences and domestication effects on mating and remating frequencies in Queensland fruit fly
Authors: Ahmed Khandaker Asif , Yeap Heng Lin , Pandey Gunjan , Lee Siu Fai , Taylor Phillip W. , Oakeshott John G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFemales of many insect species are unreceptive to remating for a period following their first mating. This inhibitory effect may be mediated by either the female or her first mate, or both, and often reflects the complex interplay of reproductive strategies between the sexes. Natural variation in remating inhibition and how this phenotype responds to captive breeding are largely unexplored in insects, including many pest species. We investigated genetic variation in remating propensity in the Queensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryoni, using strains differing in source locality and degree of domestication. We found up to threefold inherited variation between strains from different localities in the level of intra-strain remating inhibition. The level of inhibition also declined significantly during domestication, which implied the existence of genetic variation for this trait within the starting populations as well. Inter-strain mating and remating trials showed that the strain differences were mainly due to the genotypes of the female and, to a lesser extent, the second male, with little effect of the initial male genotype. Implications for our understanding of fruit fly reproductive biology and population genetics and the design of Sterile Insect Technique pest management programs are discussed.
Meta-analysis of whole-genome gene expression datasets assessing the effects of IDH1 and IDH2 mutations in isogenic disease models
Authors: Schulten Hans-Juergen , Al-Adwani Fatima , Saddeq Haneen A. Bin , Alkhatabi Heba , Alganmi Nofe , Karim Sajjad , Hussein Deema , Al-Ghamdi Khalid B. , Jamal Awatif , Al-Maghrabi Jaudah , Al-Qahtani Mohammed H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 are oncogenic drivers to a variable extent in several tumors, including gliomas, acute myeloid leukemia (AML), cholangiocarcinoma, melanoma, and thyroid carcinoma. The pathobiological effects of these mutations vary considerably, impeding the identification of common expression profiles. We performed an expression meta-analysis between IDH-mutant (IDHmut) and IDH-wild-type (IDHwt) conditions in six human and mouse isogenic disease models. The datasets included colon cancer cells, glioma cells, heart tissue, hepatoblasts, and neural stem cells. Among differentially expressed genes (DEGs), serine protease 23 (PRSS23) was upregulated in four datasets, i.e., in human colon carcinoma cells, mouse heart tissue, mouse neural stem cells, and human glioma cells. Carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) and prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) were upregulated in three datasets, and SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2-OT) was downregulated in three datasets. The most significantly overrepresented protein class was termed intercellular signal molecules. An additional DEG set contained genes that were both up- and downregulated in different datasets and included oxidases and extracellular matrix structural proteins as the most significantly overrepresented protein classes. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the expression effects of IDH mutations shared between different isogenic disease models. The generated dataset includes biomarkers, e.g., PRSS23 that may gain relevance for further research or clinical applications in IDHmut tumors.
Sensory and motor electrophysiological mapping of the cerebellum in humans
Authors: Ashida Reiko , Walsh Peter , Brooks Jonathan C. W. , Cerminara Nadia L. , Apps Richard , Edwards Richard J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCerebellar damage during posterior fossa surgery in children can lead to ataxia and risk of cerebellar mutism syndrome. Compartmentalisation of sensorimotor and cognitive functions within the cerebellum have been demonstrated in animal electrophysiology and human imaging studies. Electrophysiological monitoring was carried out under general anaesthesia to assess the limb sensorimotor representation within the human cerebellum for assessment of neurophysiological integrity to reduce the incidence of surgical morbidities. Thirteen adult and paediatric patients undergoing posterior fossa surgery were recruited. Sensory evoked field potentials were recorded in response to mapping (n = 8) to electrical stimulation of limb nerves or muscles. For motor mapping (n = 5), electrical stimulation was applied to the surface of the cerebellum and evoked EMG responses were sought in facial and limb muscles. Sensory evoked potentials were found in two patients (25%). Responses were located on the surface of the right inferior posterior cerebellum to stimulation of the right leg in one patient, and on the left inferior posterior lobe in another patient to stimulation of left forearm. No evoked EMG responses were found for the motor mapping. The present study identifies challenges with using neurophysiological methods to map functional organization within the human cerebellum and considers ways to improve success.
Conventional dose versus dose escalated radiotherapy including high-dose-rate brachytherapy boost for patients with Gleason score 9–10 clinical localized prostate cancer
Authors: Yamazaki Hideya , Suzuki Gen , Aibe Norihiro , Shimizu Daisuke , Kimoto Takuya , Masui Koji , Yoshida Ken , Nakamura Satoaki , Okabe Haruumi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAs several recent researches focus on the importance of Gleason 9–10, we examine the role of radiotherapy dose escalation in those patients. We analyzed 476 patients with Gleason score 9–10 prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. Of them, 127 patients were treated with conventional-dose external beam radiotherapy (Conv RT) and 349 patients were treated with high-dose radiotherapy (HDRT; 249 patients received high-dose-rate brachytherapy boost + external beam radiotherapy [HDR boost] and 100 patients received intensity-modulated radiotherapy [IMRT]). We compared these treatment groups using multi-institutional retrospective data. The patients had a median follow-up period of 66.3 months. HDRT showed superior biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS) rate (85.2%; HDR boost 84.7% and IMRT 86.6%) to Conv RT (71.1%,p < 0.0001) at 5 years, with a hazard ratio of 0.448. There were borderline difference in prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM; 4.3% and 2.75%,p = 0.0581), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS; 94.4% and 89.6%,p = 0.0916) rates at 5-years between Conv RT and HDRT group. Dose escalated radiotherapy showed better bDFS, borderline improvement in PCSM, and equivocal outcome in DMFS in with clinically localized Gleason 9–10 prostate cancer.
Use of a language intervention to reduce vaccine hesitancy
Authors: Geipel Janet , Grant Leigh H. , Keysar Boaz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractVaccine hesitancy is a major global challenge facing COVID-19 immunization programs. Its main source is low public trust in the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. In a preregistered experimental study, we investigated how using a foreign language when communicating COVID-19 vaccine information influences vaccine acceptance. Hong Kong Chinese residents (N = 611) received COVID-19 vaccine information either in their native Chinese or in English. English increased trust in the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine and, as a result, reduced vaccine hesitancy. This indicates that language can impact vaccine attitudes and demonstrate the potential of language interventions for a low cost, actionable strategy to curtail vaccine hesitancy amongst bilingual populations. Language interventions could contribute towards achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of health and well-being.
Humans depart from optimal computational models of interactive decision-making during competition under partial information
Authors: Steixner-Kumar Saurabh , Rusch Tessa , Doshi Prashant , Spezio Michael , Gläscher Jan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDecision making under uncertainty in multiagent settings is of increasing interest in decision science. The degree to which human agents depart from computationally optimal solutions in socially interactive settings is generally unknown. Such understanding provides insight into how social contexts affect human interaction and the underlying contributions of Theory of Mind. In this paper, we adapt the well-known ‘Tiger Problem’ from artificial-agent research to human participants in solo and interactive settings. Compared to computationally optimal solutions, participants gathered less information before outcome-related decisions when competing than cooperating with others. These departures from optimality were not haphazard but showed evidence of improved performance through learning. Costly errors emerged under conditions of competition, yielding both lower rates of rewarding actions and accuracy in predicting others. Taken together, this work provides a novel approach and insights into studying human social interaction when shared information is partial.
Two-year quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy according to pentafecta criteria and cancer of the prostate risk assessment (CAPRA-S)
Authors: Karagiotis Theodoros , Witt Jorn H. , Jankowski Thomas , Mendrek Mikolaj , Wagner Christian , Schuette Andreas , Liakos Nikolaos , Rachubinski Pawel , Urbanova Katarina , Oelke Matthias , Kachanov Mykyta , Leyh-Bannurah Sami-Ramzi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe quality of life (QoL) of men with optimal outcomes after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is largely unexplored. Thus we assessed meaningful changes of QoL measured with the EORTC QLQ-C30 24 months after RARP according to postsurgical Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score (CAPRA-S) and pentafecta criteria. 2871 prostate cancer (PCa) patients with completed EORTC QLQ-C30 were stratified according to CAPRA-S, pentafecta (erectile function recovery, urinary continence recovery, biochemical-recurrence-free survival (BFS), negative surgical margins) and 90-day Clavien–Dindo-complications (CDC) ≤ 3a. Multivariable logistic regression analyses (LRM) aimed to predict improvement of EORTC QoL. Mean preoperative QoL values did not significantly differ between CAPRA-S low- (LR) vs. high-risk (HR, 75.7 vs. 75.2; p = 0.7) and pentafecta vs. non-pentafecta groups (75.6 vs. 75.2; p = 0.6). After RARP, stable QoL rates for CAPRA-S LR vs. HR and pentafecta were 30, 26 and 30%, respectively. Corresponding improved QoL rates were 44, 32 and 47%. In LRM, CAPRA-S and pentafecta criteria were independent predictors of improved QoL. We conclude that most favourable combined outcomes after RARP might confer stable or even improved QoL but up to one third of patients might experience deterioration. This warrants further investigation how to capture the underlying cause and to address and potentially solve these perceived negative effects despite successful RARP.