bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of heuristic parameters in PSO inverse kinematics solvers
Authors: Rokbani Nizar , Kumar Raghvendra , Alimi Adel M. , Thong Pham Huy , Priyadarshini Ishaani , Nhu Viet Ha , Thi Ngo Phuong Thao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an investigation is conducted in order to understand impacts of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) parameters on the convergence and the quality of the inverse kinematics solutions provided by the IK-PSO (inverse kinematics solver using PSO) – a heuristic inverse kinematics solver algorithm. Over a large panel of parameters investigations, a statistical proof of convergence is provided for 5 links to 60 links articulated system. A recommended set of parameters intervals are presented for this class of IK problems. Investigations are based on the standard inertia weight PSO, and concerned the impact of the inertia weight, the swarm size and the maximum iteration number. For a given set of parameters, the existence of a solution with a given position error is also proved. All tests were conducted over 100 times. The density of probability function, PDF, is used to approximate and analyze the fineness functions, which are the square of the position error. Results showed IK-PSO is an interesting IK solver when a set of good parameters are used. For these parameters, the algorithm showed a statistical proof of convergence with a high resolution, by mean of error position. The algorithm also showed time-effectiveness compared to CCD method, which is assumed to be a real-time IK heuristic solver used in gaming.
In the Shadow of the Golden Calf.
Authors: Farquet Christophe 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The article offers the first comprehensive account of relations between Germany and Switzerland in the years 1919 to 1931 based on archival sources from both countries. Emphasising the interaction between finance and diplomacy, it provides new insights into the role played by the Swiss offshore centre for the German Reich after the First World War. During the inflationist period of 1919‒1923, as well as in the crisis of 1929‒1931, Switzerland, like the Netherlands, welcomed a huge amount of wealth from Germany while at the same time becoming an important creditor of the Reich. These developments had a significant impact on German internal and foreign policies at the time. Nevertheless, the article article argues that, despite the intensity of financial flows, Switzerland pursued a diplomatic course that was more plurilateral than the Netherlands. Even during the second part of the 1920s, when Swiss capital was placed on the German market in massive dimensions, there was no German orientation in Swiss foreign policy similar to what had happened in the years before the First World War. Switzerland’s foreign relations became more neutral during the 1920s. This article consequently proposes a nuanced perspective on the role of the small European countries in German foreign policy, highlighting the need to differentiate between them in spite of their common features and to consider, in a non-deterministic way, the interaction between finance and diplomacy.
The Legal and Administrative Design of the Qianhai Special Economic Zone
Authors: Michael Bryane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Qianhai, an innovation park in Shenzhen, seeks to become a global centre of innovation. The lessons that the Qianhai’s law teach us could apply to other special economic and innovation zones worldwide. Yet, problems with its legal design plague the US$4.5 billion project. Some of these include weak and abstract rulemaking as well as a lack of objectives and devolved authorities. Fixing the existing law governing the Qianhai region will require a Hong Kong-Shenzhen Agreement (giving Hong Kong a greater stake and say in the region), privatizing the Qianhai Authority, revising Hong Kong law to allow for easier and more profitable university spin-outs, retargeting the subsidies used in the region, and fixing the innovation agencies in the region (most notably Hong Kong’s).
Observation of in-plane exciton–polaritons in monolayer WSe2 driven by plasmonic nanofingers
Authors: Su Guangxu , Gao Anyuan , Peng Bo , Hu Junzheng , Zhang Yi , Liu Fanxin , Zhang Hao , Zhan Peng , Wu Wei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have drawn great research attention, motivated by the derived remarkable optoelectronic properties and the potentials for high-efficient excitonic devices. The plasmonic nanocavity, integrating deep-sub wavelength confinement of optical mode with dramatic localized field enhancement, provides a practical platform to manipulate light–matter interaction. In order to obtain strong exciton–plasmon coupling effects, it’s crucial to match the vibration direction of exciton to the available strong localized in-plane electric field. Herein, we demonstrate the coupling effect of in-plane exciton in monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe2) to deterministic gap-plasmon field which is produced by nanometrically gapped collapsed nanofingers. The gap-plasmon field which is completely parallel to the in-plane excitons in WSe2 will drive a strong exciton–plasmon coupling at room temperature. More interestingly, it is experimentally observed that the luminescence of exciton–polariton cannot be influenced by the temperature in the range from 77 K to 300 K due to the presence of nanofingers. According to the theoretical analysis results, we attribute this finding to the dielectric screening effect arising from the extremely strong localized electric field of plasmonic nanofingers. This work proposes a feasible way to harness and manipulate the exciton of low-dimensional semiconductor, which might be potential for quantum optoelectronics.
Crystal structure of 3-acetyl-6-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one monohydrate, C11H10O5
Authors: Xiong Zhi-Qiang , Yang Ling , Xiao Shu-Zhen , Yang Chen-Yu , Nie Xu-Liang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
[C11H10O5], monoclinic, P21/n, a = 7.041(3) Å, b = 9.339(4) Å, c = 15.614(6) Å, β = 103.03°, V = 1000.2(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0337, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0994, T = 296(2) K.
Silver nanoparticles induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and late non-canonical autophagy in HT-29 colon cancer cells
Authors: Bao Jun , Jiang Ziyu , Ding Wenlong , Cao Yuepeng , Yang Liu , Liu Jingbing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The interactions of nanomaterials with biological materials such as immortalized cell lines are recently on the rise. Owing to this superiority, the biosynthesis of AgNPs using gallic acid as a reductant was implemented in this study. After being synthesized, the AgNPs were characterized using techniques such as dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray diffraction methods. Furthermore, the AgNPs were assessed for their cytotoxic effects on the colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT-29. The mechanisms of such cell-killing effect were investigated by analyzing the expressions of 14 mRNAs using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The outcomes indicate that the synthesized AgNPs were cytotoxic on HT-29 cells. The expressions of all apoptotic genes analyzed including cyt-C, p53, Bax, Bcl2, CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, and CASP12 were upregulated. With regard to the autophagy-related genes, Beclin-1, XBP-1, CHOP, and LC3-II were upregulated, whereas the expressions of ATG3 and ATG12 were downregulated. To conclude, the AgNPs induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and non-canonical autophagy in HT-29 cells. A crosstalk did occur between autophagy and apoptosis in such a cell-killing effect. Hence, further studies are required to elucidate the exact mechanisms in animal models for further use of AgNPs in clinical medicine for the treatment of neoplasms of the digestive tract.
The role of serum testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in kidney function and clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: van der Burgh Anna C , Khan Samer R , Neggers Sebastian J C M M , Hoorn Ewout J , Chaker Layal 
Published: May 2022

Objective/design
Testosterone might mediate sex differences in kidney function and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, few studies analyzing the association between testosterone and kidney function showed conflicting results. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
Six electronic databases were searched from inception to March 4, 2020, for studies that investigated the association of (i) testosterone status with kidney function in the general population or (ii) testosterone status with clinical outcomes (kidney function decline, kidney failure, cardiovascular (CV) events, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality) in CKD patients. We used random and fixed-effect models to obtain pooled effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
No randomized–controlled trials that met the inclusion criteria were identified. One study was conducted in the general population and reported an increased risk of incident CKD with low vs normal testosterone (hazard ratio (HR): 1.38, 95% CI: 1.05;1.80). Seven studies were conducted in men with CKD and included testosterone as determinant, of which six could be meta-analyzed. Low testosterone was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and CV events (pooled HR: 1.98, 95% CI: 1.36;2.89; pooled HR of 2.40, 95% CI: 1.22;4.71, respectively). Two studies showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality with decreased dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) in men with CKD; results regarding CV events were conflicting.

Conclusions
Although literature is scarce, evidence suggests that lower testosterone may increase CKD risk in the general population and risk of all-cause mortality and CV events in men with CKD. Whether testosterone supplementation could prevent these potential detrimental outcomes should be determined in future intervention studies.
Recommendation to improve the WHO classification of posterior pituitary tumors as a unique entity: evidence from a large case series
Authors: Qiao Nidan , Cheng Haixia , Zhang Zhaoyun , Ye Hongying , Shen Ming , Shou Xuefei , Cao Xiaoyun , Chen Hong , Zhou Xiang , Wang Yongfei , Zhao Yao 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Most studies reporting posterior pituitary tumors (PPTs) are small case series or single cases.

Methods
Patients with a histological diagnosis of PPT from January 2010 to December 2021 in a tertiary center were identified. We reported clinical symptoms, endocrine assessments, radiological and pathological features, and surgical outcomes of PPTs.

Results
A total of 51 patients (23 males, 51.3 ± 10.3 years old) with PPT were included in this study. Major symptoms were visual defects, headache, and hypopituitarism, while diabetes insipidus was uncommon (9.8%). The typical radiological feature was homogeneous enhancement (84.3%) of a regular-shaped mass on T1 contrast imaging without cystic change, calcification, or cavernous sinus invasion. We achieved gross total resection in 38/51 patients (74.5%). Pathologically, all tumors showed thyroid transcription factor 1 immunoreactivity. Among 29 patients with suprasellar PPTs, postoperative hemorrhage due to tumor residue was encountered in 2/15 cases in the transcranial group and 0/14 in the endoscopy group. Patients with spindle cell oncocytoma (SCO) were more likely to be surgically treated (25% vs 0%, P = 0.018), harbor a higher Ki-67 index (16.7% vs 0% > 5% P = 0.050), and present a lower 2-year recurrence-free survival rate (67.5% vs 90.9%) compared with patients with pituicytoma or granular cell tumor.

Conclusion
PPTs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with sellar and suprasellar masses with a regular lesion with homogeneous enhancement. SCOs had high proliferation activity and risk of recurrence.
The immunobiology of preterm labor and birth: intra-amniotic inflammation or breakdown of maternal–fetal homeostasis
Authors: Gomez-Lopez Nardhy , Galaz Jose , Miller Derek , Farias-Jofre Marcelo , Liu Zhenjie , Arenas-Hernandez Marcia , Garcia-Flores Valeria , Shaffer Zachary , Greenberg Jonathan M , Theis Kevin R , Romero Roberto 
Published: May 2022

In brief
The syndrome of preterm labor comprises multiple established and novel etiologies. This review summarizes the distinct immune mechanisms implicated in preterm labor and birth and highlights potential strategies for its prevention.

Abstract
Preterm birth, the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, results from preterm labor, a syndrome that includes multiple etiologies. In this review, we have summarized the immune mechanisms implicated in intra-amniotic inflammation, the best-characterized cause of preterm labor and birth, as well as novel etiologies non-associated with intra-amniotic inflammation (i.e. formally known as idiopathic). While the intra-amniotic inflammatory responses driven by microbes (infection) or alarmins (sterile) have some overlap in the participating cellular and molecular processes, the distinct natures of these two conditions necessitate the implementation of specific approaches to prevent adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Intra-amniotic infection can be treated with the correct antibiotics, whereas sterile intra-amniotic inflammation could potentially be treated by administering a combination of anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. betamethasone, inflammasome inhibitors, etc.). Recent evidence also supports the role of fetal T-cell activation as a newly described trigger for preterm labor and birth in a subset of cases diagnosed as idiopathic. Moreover, herein we also provide evidence of two maternally-driven immune mechanisms responsible for preterm births formerly considered to be idiopathic. First, the impairment of maternal Tregs can lead to preterm birth, likely due to the loss of immunosuppressive activity resulting in unleashed effector T-cell responses. Secondly, homeostatic macrophages were shown to be essential for maintaining pregnancy and promoting fetal development, and the adoptive transfer of homeostatic M2-polarized macrophages shows great promise for preventing inflammation-induced preterm birth. Collectively, in this review, we discuss the established and novel immune mechanisms responsible for preterm birth and highlight the potential targets for novel strategies aimed at preventing the multi-etiological syndrome of preterm labor leading to preterm birth.
Determination of modafinil in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and a study of its pharmacokinetics and bioavailability
Authors: He Yan , Ma Yizhe , Luo Lvqi , Chen Junying , Wen Congcong , Zhang Meiling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractModafinil has a strong and long-lasting awakening effect. Short-term use can improve cognitive and work efficiency. Therefore, it has been known to be abused by students and parents as a “smart drug.” It is in the first category of psychotropic drugs and strictly controlled. To detect modafinil in rat plasma and study the differences in the pharmacokinetics of modafinil between oral and sublingual administration in rats, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed. Rats were injected with modafinil by oral gavage and sublingual vein, respectively, blood was collected within a certain period, and the plasma was obtained by centrifugation. Midazolam was used as the internal standard, and the concentration of modafinil in the plasma was determined by UPLC-MS/MS, where a drug-time curve was created to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The standard curve for modafinil ranged from 1 to 2000 ng mL−1 with good linearity. The intra-day accuracy of modafinil was between 86% and 104%, and the intra-day accuracy was between 90% and 103%. Intra-day precision (RSD%) was less than 15%, inter-day precision (RSD%) was less than 15%. The matrix effect was between 93% and 102%, and the recovery was greater than 91%. The UPLC-MS/MS method established in this work has good selectivity and high sensitivity, and the UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetics of modafinil by oral gavage and sublingual injection in rats. The bioavailability of modafinil was calculated to be 55.8%.
Towards the copular status of clefts—Evidence from diachrony
Authors: Jin Dawei , Chen Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper draws attention to a robust grammatical change trajectory, here dubbed the copula-to-cleft pathway. We show that the emergence of the copular clause construction tends to lead to the emergence of the cleft construction, and the decline of one tends to be in tandem with the other. We further propose that the above pattern follows from a syntactic treatment that derives the cleft structure from a copular clause. Such copular syntax can be further combined with a semantic analysis where the focus interpretation of clefts is computed based on a copular structure.
Synthesis and luminescent properties of new tungstates Ln2Zr(WO4)5 (Ln = Tb, Dy)
Authors: Bazarov B. G. , Dorzhieva S. G. , Shendrik R. Y. , Tushinova Y. L. , Bazarova Ts. T. , Sofich D. O. , Chimitova O. D. , Bazarova J. G. 
Published: May 2022

New polycrystalline powder samples of double Ln2Zr(WO4)5 (Ln = Dy, Tb) tungstates were synthesized using high-temperature solid-phase and sol-gel methods. The conditions of the sol-gel synthesis of tungstates were optimized. The obtained phases were characterized by the X-ray powder diffraction on the basis of the crystallographic data of similar Ln–Zr molybdates. It is found that Ln2Zr(WO4)5 (Ln = Dy, Tb) double tungstates crystallize in the orthorhombic crystal system, space group Cmc21 (Z = 4). The intensive luminescence in the green spectral region for Tb2Zr(WO4)5 and yellow spectral region for Dy2Zr(WO4)5 was shown.
Survei Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Online Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) di MAN 1 Bojonegoro
Authors: Mansur Ali , Hariyoko Hariyoko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract: This study means to decide the execution of web based learning for PJOK subjects at MAN 1 Bojonegoro. This exploration technique involves an elucidating review strategy with 183 understudies as examination subjects. The examination instrument utilized is a survey introduced as google structure. The investigation procedure utilized is the rate. The consequences of the exploration directed showed that the execution of internet learning for sports and wellbeing actual instruction subjects at MAN 1 Bojonegoro was great with a level of 72.86 percent remembered for the great classification. The finish of this study shows that the execution of internet learning for PJOK subjects at MAN 1 Bojonegoro is in the great class. yet, learning PJOK at MAN 1 Bojonegoro is simply restricted to the conveyance of mental material on the web and has not had the option to control actual work as the primary component in learning PJOK.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pelaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis web pada mata pelajaran PJOK di MAN 1 Bojonegoro. Teknik eksplorasi ini melibatkan strategi elucidating review dengan 183 siswa sebagai subjek ujian. Instrumen pemeriksaan yang digunakan adalah survei yang diperkenalkan sebagai struktur google. Prosedur pemeriksaan yang digunakan adalah tarif. Hasil penelitian yang diarahkan menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran internet untuk mata pelajaran aktual olahraga dan kesejahteraan di MAN 1 Bojonegoro sangat baik dengan tingkat 72,86 persen dikenang untuk klasifikasi besar. Selesainya penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran internet untuk mata pelajaran PJOK di MAN 1 Bojonegoro berada pada kelas yang bagus. Namun, pembelajaran PJOK di MAN 1 Bojonegoro hanya sebatas penyampaian materi mental di web dan belum memiliki pilihan untuk mengontrol pekerjaan yang sebenarnya sebagai komponen utama dalam pembelajaran PJOK.
Upaya Hukum Banding Administratif Pasca Penjatuhan Hukuman Disiplin Berat ASN
Authors: Kurniawan Farid Wahyu , Hidayat Beny 
Published: May 2022

Sengketa di ranah kepegawaian dalam aparatur sipil negara diselesaikan melalui upaya administratif yang terdiri dari keberatan dan banding administratif, banding administratif diajukan kepada badan pertimbangan aparatur sipil negara, namun impelementasi dari peraturan tersebut sampai sekarang belum terealisasi. dan menurut peraturan pemerintah nomor 24 tahun 2011 tentang badan pertimbangan kepegawaian, merupakan lembaga yang berwenang menerima banding administrative dari aparatur sipil negara, dan peradilan tata usaha negara berwenang untuk menyelesaikan sengketa kepegawaian berupa banding administrative. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis sosiologis. Teknik pengambilan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi sumber. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa banding administratif diajukan secara tertulis oleh aparatur sipil negara kepada badan pertimbangan kepegawaian sebelum empat belas hari setelah surat keputusan hukuman disiplin berat diterima secara sah disertai dengan alasan serta bukti-bukti. Apabila aparatur sipil negara tidak puas atas putusan badan pertimbangan kepegawaian, aparatur sipil negara dapat mengajukan banding administratif berupa gugatan ke Pengadilan tinggi tata usaha negara dalam tenggang waktu sembilan puluh hari seteleh putusan badan pertimbangan kepegawaian diterima. Didaftarkan kepada kepaniteraan setelah lolos proses dismissal maka akan diperiksa dalam peradilan dan akan dikeluarkan keputusan atas sengketa kepegawaian tersebut. Mulai dari tenggang waktu, kurangnya wawasan dan pemahaman atas banding administratif, prosedur gugatan ke pengadilan tinggi tata usaha negara yang daerah hukumnya badan pertimbangan kepegawaian sehingga menghabiskan baik materil maupun immaterial merupakan faktor penghambat dalam pengajuan banding administratif.
Kontruksi Hukum dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli Online
Authors: Sumual Yonisha , Muhammad Danang Wahyu 
Published: May 2022

Transaksi jual beli suatu barang atau produk di era globalisasi seperti ini sangat tinggi permintaan dari konsumen dengan adanya kemajuan teknologi yang telah memberikan kemudahan bagi konsumen dalam berbagai bidang, salah satunya dalam bidang perdagangan atau jual beli dalam melangsungkan kehidupan konsumen tidak akan pernah lepas dari perihal jual beli dimana perdagangan terus meningkat degan sangat seknifikat yang telah mengubah sistem ekonomi konvensoional menjadi digital. Tanggungjawab dalam jual beli secara online sebagai bentuk untuk menguragi kerugian yang di terima. Karena platform marketplace shopee harus secara andal,aman,dan bertangungjawab terhadap beroperasinya sistem elektronik yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Infromasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan hukum antara parapihat yang terkait dan bentuk tanggungjawab platform marketplace shopee dalam kasus pengiriman barang yang tidak sampai ke konsumen. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan Normatif. Jenis data yang digunakan yaittu primer, skunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data mengunakan analisis perprektif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian konsumen mendapatkan hak dan kewajiban mereka dalam transaksi jual beli secara online dan mendapatkan kenyamanan dalam bertransaksi.Penelitian yang sudah dilaksanakan dapat disimpulkan Platform Marketplace Shopee melaksanaka bentuk tanggungjawab dalam bertraksaski jual beli sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.