bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Capitalism Not Good Enough?
Authors: Kenworthy Lane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The core features of contemporary democratic socialist proposals are public ownership of firms and economic democracy. To fully and fairly assess democratic socialism’s desirability, we need to compare it to the best version of capitalism that humans have devised: social democratic capitalism, or what is often called the Nordic model. Social democratic capitalism features a capitalist economy, a democratic political system, good elementary and secondary schooling, a big welfare state, employment-conducive public services (childcare, job training, and others), and moderate regulation of product and labor markets. This introductory chapter offers preliminary evidence that capitalism, and particularly social democratic capitalism, is better than many democratic socialists seem to think.
Truly Democratic Politics
Authors: Kenworthy Lane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Would democratic socialism be better at ensuring truly democratic politics? The hypothesis that it would stems from the notion that in capitalism those with more money use that money to buy disproportionate influence on policy making. Evidence from the United States and from other affluent nations suggests that those with higher incomes do indeed tend to get what they want from government more often than those with lower incomes. However, neither the over-time pattern in America nor the pattern across rich democratic nations suggests that reducing inequality of income or wealth is the key to reducing inequality of political influence. The real gains in enhancing democracy may come from reforms such as improving education, expanding economic opportunity, revitalizing civic organizations, increasing access to voting, expanding public campaign financing, making use of deliberative citizen assemblies, and others that can be done within capitalism.
Economic Democracy
Authors: Kenworthy Lane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Would democratic socialism be better at achieving workplace democracy? Certainly yes, if it makes workplace democracy mandatory. But we probably don’t want to mandate that all firms be worker cooperatives, just as we wouldn’t want to mandate one-person-one-vote decision making within families. We could facilitate workplace democracy, without requiring it, via a law that allows any firm’s employees, if a majority of them vote in favor, to buy out the owner(s) and turn the company into a cooperative. Would democratic socialism be better at achieving democratic control over the economy as a whole? Possibly. But most rich democratic capitalist nations already have this in principle. And regularized discussion and negotiation between representatives of labor, business, and government—“concertation”—provides an additional dimension in countries that use it.
More Community
Authors: Kenworthy Lane 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Would democratic socialism be better than capitalism at fostering community? While critics posit that capitalism discourages tolerance, inclusion, trust, personal interconnections, and social support, the available indicators for the rich longstanding-democratic capitalist nations suggest that in certain respects things have been getting better, and in some countries they are quite good. Some advocates of socialism want more. They would like most of our behavior, not just some of it, to be unselfish. This might not be feasible, and it isn’t clear that it would even be desirable.
Can We Be Reasonable?
Authors: Allen Teresa , Lynch Michael Patrick 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A long-standing and influential thought is that for democracies to function well—or perhaps to function at all—they need vigorous but reasonable public discourse. The ideal is that they should be spaces of reasons—spaces where reasons for policy decisions can be exchanged and listened to. Yet there is mounting evidence suggesting that not only are human beings subject to biases and errors in reasoning but they are also particularly bad at spotting when biases and errors affect them. As a result, one might suspect that one should be deeply skeptical about whether public discourse can ever be reasonable. In this chapter, the authors follow this suspicion to its logical conclusion, raising a novel skeptical argument based on the problem of “bad bias.” This skeptical argument raises a serious challenge to the possibility of reasonable public discourse. Even so, reflection on the argument also points toward new ways of confronting this challenge—a challenge that arguably goes to the heart of democracy itself.
Sixteenth-Century English Dictionaries
Authors: Considine John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Sixteenth-Century English Dictionaries is the first volume in the trilogy Dictionaries in the English-Speaking World, 1500–1800. It offers a new history of the dictionaries, wordlists, and glossaries which were compiled and read by speakers of English from the end of the Middle Ages to the year 1600: in print and manuscript; monolingual, bilingual, and polyglot; free-standing or presented beside other works. The bilingual and polyglot wordlists treated languages such as Latin, Greek, and Hebrew; French, Italian, and Spanish; other languages of Europe, the Near East, and the wider world; and Old and Middle English. They were an essential part of the cultural history of the early modern British Isles: the kinds of language study which dictionaries supported gave access to traditional knowledge, the high culture of the European Renaissance, and knowledge of a rapidly expanding intellectual world. The book surveys its subject matter from multiple perspectives, including the history of lexicography, the history of the English language, book history, and intellectual history.
Palsgrave and some contemporaries
Authors: Considine John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chapter 3 begins with John Palsgrave’s large and elaborate lexicographical text, Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse, a learner’s grammar of the French language written in English and rich in interesting French wordlists, describing Lesclarcissement de la langue francoyse itself (including its macrostructure and its sources, notably the Promptorium parvulorum) together with the records of its printing. It then gives an account of some near-contemporary contributions to lexicology: the treatment of law French by John Rastell; the Latin–English collection of phraseological material from Terence by Nicholas Udall; the treatment of botanical vocabulary by William Turner; and the treatment of medical vocabulary by Andrew Boorde.
Dictionaries of Latin from 1565 to 1580
Authors: Considine John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Chapter 10 tells the story of the dictionaries of Latin produced in the generation after Cooper’s Thesaurus. These were schoolbooks, with varied macrostructure. They included Lewys Evans’s new editions of Withals’s subject-ordered English–Latin Shorte dictionarie; Peter Levins’s Manipulus vocabulorum, an English–Latin dictionary organized by rhyme; John Higgins’s new English–Latin–French edition of Richard Howlet’s alphabetically ordered English–Latin Abcedarium, with added phraseological material, published as Huloets dictionarie; an anonymous translation of Simon Pelgrom’s synonym dictionary; and John Barrett’s alphabetically ordered English–Latin–French Alvearie, which is even richer in phraseological material than Huloets dictionarie; a second edition of the Alvearie, by the first English professional lexicographer, Abraham Fleming, added Greek. Particular attention is given to the biographical details of lexicographers, and hence to the place of Latin dictionaries in the intellectual culture of Elizabethan England.
Insurance
Authors: Brodie Marc 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This chapter tackles one of the other key areas usually believed to show working-class rejection of state interference in their lives—the development of their own friendly societies and opposition to any government regulation of these. However, a greater problem experienced by the poorer members of friendly societies was a lack of trust in the better-off working-class leaders of their societies, and a feeling that they were often unfairly dealt with by these organizations. Their opposition to government regulation was largely based upon such interference perversely giving more power to society leaders over members. Ordinary members adopted a range of measures to counter these problems, including moving to ‘dividing’ societies which they felt were safer for their money, and also beginning to support the direct state provision of insurance.
The Use of Force against Individuals in War under International Law
Authors: Yip Ka Lok 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Is it legal to kill, or capture and confine, someone in war? Is this relevant or wise to ask in the reality of war? What does ‘legal’ actually mean in the labyrinth of overlapping international laws? This book explores the meaning, relevance, and wisdom of questioning the ‘legality’ of the use of force against individuals in war by reconnecting legal thought with the social world. Weaving together law, social theories, and actual practices, the book presents an interdisciplinary study of the laws regulating warfare. The book uncovers different conceptions of ‘legality’ that generate tensions among different international laws regulating warfare and highlights the limits of legal techniques in addressing these tensions. Accepting these tensions serves not to denigrate the law itself but to invite a deeper level of engagement with it—through the lens of social theories. Drawing on the insight that every social action results from an interaction between human agency and social structures, the book argues that in regulating warfare, one distinct body of international law, the law of armed conflicts, accommodates the diminished agency of human beings operating in highly structured conditions while other bodies of international law harbour the potential to transform these very structured conditions. Thus, assimilating these laws, whether in court or in real-world practices, fundamentally conflates their underlying social ontologies.
General Introduction
Authors: Yip Ka Lok 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This general introduction anticipates the challenges to the meaning, relevance, and wisdom of speaking about the ‘legality’ of the use of force against individuals in war. It introduces the book’s combined methodology of doctrinal analysis, social theorizing, and empirical case study to answer these challenges. Each method serves as a lens to a distinct dimension of the problem tackled in the book and together they form a methodological framework that triangulates the phenomena explored and the findings reached. Each method is contextualized in the preview of the content of each chapter.
On the Economic Significance of Stock Return Predictability
Authors: Cederburg Scott , Johnson Travis L , O’Doherty Michael S 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study the effects of time-varying volatility and investment horizon on the economic significance of stock market return predictability from the perspective of Bayesian investors. Using a vector autoregression framework with stochastic volatility (SV) in market returns and predictor variables, we assess a broad set of twenty-six predictors with both in-sample and out-of-sample designs. Volatility and horizon are critically important for assessing return predictors, as these factors affect how an investor learns about predictability and how she chooses to invest based on return forecasts. We find that statistically strong predictors can be economically unimportant if they tend to take extreme values in high volatility periods, have low persistence, or follow distributions with fat tails. Several popular predictors exhibit these properties such that their impressive statistical results do not translate into large economic gains. We also demonstrate that incorporating SV leads to substantial utility gains in real-time forecasting.
Sociodemographic and Biological Factors of Health Disparities of Mothers and Their Very Low Birth-Weight Infants
Authors: Cho June , Chien Lung-Chang , Holditch-Davis Diane 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Black mothers and their very low birth-weight infants in the United States have increased risk of adverse neonatal and maternal health outcomes compared with White mothers and infants. Disparities in adverse birth outcomes associated with sociodemographic factors are difficult to quantify and modify, limiting their usefulness in assessing intervention effects.

Purpose:
To test hypotheses that (1) the biological factors of maternal testosterone and cortisol are associated with sociodemographic factors and (2) both factors are associated with neonatal health and maternal mental health and healthy behaviors between birth and 40 weeks' gestational age.

Methods:
We used a descriptive, longitudinal design. Eighty-eight mothers and very low birth-weight neonates were recruited from a tertiary medical center in the United States. Data on sociodemographic factors and neonatal health were collected from medical records. Maternal mental health and healthy behaviors were collected with questionnaires. Maternal salivary testosterone and cortisol levels were measured using enzyme immunoassays. Data were analyzed primarily using general linear and mixed models.

Results:
High testosterone and/or low cortisol levels were associated with younger age, less education, enrollment in a federal assistance program, being unmarried, being Black, poorer neonatal health, and delayed physical growth. Low cortisol level was related to higher levels of depressive symptoms. Black mothers had fewer healthy behaviors than White mothers.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Findings confirm that biological factors are associated with sociodemographic factors, and both are associated with neonatal health and maternal mental health and healthy behaviors. We propose using sociodemographic and biological factors concurrently to identify risk and develop and evaluate ante- and postpartum interventions.

Video abstract available at
https://journals.na.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/Pages/videogallery.aspx?autoPlay=false&videoId=59
Cardiac Angiosarcomas
Authors: Bishop Andrew J. , Zheng Jing , Subramaniam Aparna , Ghia Amol J. , Wang Chenyang , McGovern Susan L. , Patel Shreyaskumar , Guadagnolo B. Ashleigh , Mitra Devarati , Farooqi Ahsan , Reardon Michael J. , Kim Betty , Guha-Thakurta Nandita , Li Jing , Ravi Vinod 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
We evaluated a cohort of patients with cardiac angiosarcomas (CA) who developed brain metastases (BM) to define outcomes and intracranial hemorrhage (IH) risk.

Methods:
We reviewed 26 consecutive patients with BM treated between 1988 and 2020 identified from a departmental CA (n=103) database. Causes of death were recorded, and a terminal hemorrhage (TH) was defined as an IH that caused death or prompted a transfer to hospice.

Results:
The prevalence of BM was 25% (n=26/103). A total of 23 patients (88%) had IH, including 21 (81%) at initial BM diagnosis, of which 18 (86%) required hospitalization. The median platelet count at the time of IH was 235k (interquartile range, 108 to 338k).
Nearly all patients died of disease (n=23, 88%) and most patients died from TH (n=13, 57%). TH occurred at BM presentation in 6 (46%) patients, whereas 3 (23%) had TH from known but untreated lesions, 2 (15%) had continued uncontrolled IH during radiation therapy, and 2 (15%) from new BM. Platelet count <50k was not associated with TH (P=0.25).
Subsequent IH occurred in 9 patients (35%), and importantly, no patients who completed radiation therapy (n=10) for BM died from TH.

Conclusion:
Patients with CA frequently develop BM, and the risk of IH is high, resulting in an alarming rate of TH despite normal platelet counts. Therefore, early diagnosis and intervention are warranted. We recommend surveillance brain imaging, and importantly, once BM is detected, prompt local therapy is warranted to try and mitigate the risk of TH.
Efficacy and Safety of Standard Corneal Cross-Linking Procedures Performed With Short Versus Standard Riboflavin Induction: A Save Sight Keratoconus Registry Study
Authors: Benito-Pascual Blanca , Kandel Himal , Abbondanza Marco , Mills Richard , Sullivan Laurence , Watson Stephanie L. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of short versus standard riboflavin induction times in cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus.

Methods:
A retrospective comparative study was conducted with data from the Save Sight Keratoconus Registry. Inclusion criteria were epithelium-off technique, standard UVA CXL protocol (3 mW/cm2 for 30 minutes), riboflavin induction for 15 minutes (short) or 30 minutes (standard), and 1 year of follow-up data after CXL. Outcome measures included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometry in the steepest meridian (K2), maximum keratometry (Kmax), thinnest pachymetry (TCT), and adverse events. Analysis was conducted using mixed-effects regression models adjusted for age, sex, visual acuity, keratometry, pachymetry, practice, and eye laterality.

Results:
Two hundred eighty eyes (237 patients; mean, 27.3 ± 10.5 years old; 30% female) were included. The riboflavin induction time was short in 102 eyes (82 patients) and standard in 178 eyes (155 patients). The baseline characteristics (sex, mean age, BCVA, keratometry, and pachymetry [TCT]) were similar between the groups. At the 1-year follow-up visit, no statistically significant differences were observed in flattening in K2 and improvement in BCVA. Greater Kmax flattening [−1.5 diopters (D) vs. −0.5D, P = 0.031] and a greater proportion of >2% increase in TCT (23.5 vs. 11.3, P = 0.034) and haze (29 vs. 15, P = 0.005) were observed with short riboflavin induction.

Conclusions:
Short and standard riboflavin induction times achieved similar degrees of flattening in K2 and improvement in vision. Greater improvements in Kmax and TCT were seen with short riboflavin times; however, this group had higher rates of haze.
Combination pharmacotherapy for the treatment of neuropathic pain in adults: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Balanaser Marielle , Carley Meg , Baron Ralf , Finnerup Nanna B. , Moore R. Andrew , Rowbotham Michael C. , Chaparro Luis E. , Gilron Ian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Neuropathic pain causes substantial morbidity and healthcare utilization. Monotherapy with antidepressants or anticonvulsants often fails to provide relief. Combining different drugs sometimes provides improved analgesia and/or tolerability. More than half of patients receive 2 or more analgesics, and combination trials continue to emerge. This review comprehensively searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE for relevant trials. Included studies are double-blind randomized controlled trials evaluating combinations of 2 or more drugs vs placebo or at least one monotherapy in adults with neuropathic pain. Outcomes included measures of efficacy and adverse effects. Risk of bias was assessed. Meta-analyses compared combination to monotherapy wherever 2 or more similar studies were available. Forty studies (4741 participants) were included. Studies were heterogenous with respect to various characteristics, including dose titration methods and administration (ie, simultaneous vs sequential) of the combination. Few combinations involved a nonsedating drug, and several methodological problems were identified. For opioid–antidepressant, opioid–gabapentinoid, and gabapentinoid–antidepressant combinations, meta-analyses failed to demonstrate superiority over both monotherapies. In general, adverse event profiles were not substantially different for combination therapy compared with monotherapy. Despite widespread use and a growing number of trials, convincing evidence has not yet emerged to suggest superiority of any combination over its respective monotherapies. Therefore, implementing combination therapy—as second- or third-line treatment—in situations where monotherapy is insufficient, should involve closely monitored individual dosing trials to confirm safety and overall added benefit. Further research is needed, including trials of combinations involving nonsedating agents, and to identify clinical settings and specific combinations that safely provide added benefit.
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Proteins in Prognosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Differentiation From Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Winter Katarzyna , Dzieniecka Monika , Strzelczyk Janusz , Wągrowska-Danilewicz Małgorzata , Danilewicz Marian , Zatorski Hubert , Małecka-Wojciesko Ewa 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
The Hedgehog signaling pathway (Hh) probably plays a role in development and progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods
In our study, 114 patients (83 with PDAC and 31 with chronic pancreatitis [CP]) after pancreatic surgery were enrolled. The immunoexpression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Smoothened (Smo), and Glioblastoma transcription factor 1 (Gli1) and Ki-67 were detected in tissue specimens.

Results
Mean (standard deviation) immunoexpression of all Hh pathway molecules was significantly higher in PDAC than in CP patients: Shh, 2.24 (0.57) versus 1.17 (0.25) (P < 0.01); Smo, 2.62 (0.34) versus 1.21 (0.23) (P < 0.01); and Gli1, 1.74 (0.74) versus 1.15 (0.72) (P < 0.01). Patients with a lower expression level (z score <0) of Shh and Ki-67 have longer overall survival when compared with z score >0 (15.97 vs 8.53 months [P = 0.0087] and 15.20 vs 5.53 months [P = 0.0004], respectively). In addition, Shh sensitivity in PDAC detection was 84.3%; specificity, 93.5%; positive predictive value, 97.2%; and negative predictive value, 69%.

Conclusions
Our results suggest the prognostic role of the Hh pathway in PDAC and a role in the differential diagnosis with CP.
Critical Considerations in Bioluminescence Imaging of Transplanted Islets
Authors: Komatsu Hirotake , Kobayashi Eiji , Gonzalez Nelson , Rawson Jeffrey , Ortiz Jose , Donohue Cecile , Ku Hsun Teresa , Kandeel Fouad , Mullen Yoko 
Published: May 2022

Objectives
In pancreatic islet transplantation studies, bioluminescence imaging enables quantitative and noninvasive tracking of graft survival. Amid the recent heightened interest in extrahepatic sites for islet and stem cell–derived beta-like cell transplantations, proper understanding the nature of bioluminescence imaging in these sites is important.

Methods
Islets isolated from Firefly rats ubiquitously expressing luciferase reporter gene in Lewis rats were transplanted into subcutaneous or kidney capsule sites of wild-type Lewis rats or immunodeficient mice. Posttransplant changes of bioluminescence signal curves and absorption of bioluminescence signal in transplantation sites were examined.

Results
The bioluminescence signal curve dynamically changed in the early posttransplantation phase; the signal was low within the first 5 days after transplantation. A substantial amount of bioluminescence signal was absorbed by tissues surrounding islet grafts, correlating to the depth of the transplanted site from the skin surface. Grafts in kidney capsules were harder to image than those in the subcutaneous site. Within the kidney capsule, locations that minimized depth from the skin surface improved the graft detectability.

Conclusions
Posttransplant phase and graft location/depth critically impact the bioluminescence images captured in islet transplantation studies. Understanding these parameters is critical for reducing experimental biases and proper interpretation of data.