bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy in electronic medical record data using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model
Authors: Castano Victor G. , Spotnitz Matthew , Waldman Genna J. , Joiner Evan F. , Choi Hyunmi , Ostropolets Anna , Natarajan Karthik , McKhann Guy M. , Ottman Ruth , Neugut Alfred I. , Hripcsak George , Youngerman Brett E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveMore than one third of appropriately treated patients with epilepsy have continued seizures despite two or more medication trials, meeting criteria for drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE). Accurate and reliable identification of patients with DRE in observational data would enable large‐scale, real‐world comparative effectiveness research and improve access to specialized epilepsy care. In the present study, we aim to develop and compare the performance of computable phenotypes for DRE using the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model.MethodsWe randomly sampled 600 patients from our academic medical center's electronic health record (EHR)‐derived OMOP database meeting previously validated criteria for epilepsy (January 2015–August 2021). Two reviewers manually classified patients as having DRE, drug‐responsive epilepsy, undefined drug responsiveness, or no epilepsy as of the last EHR encounter in the study period based on consensus definitions. Demographic characteristics and codes for diagnoses, antiseizure medications (ASMs), and procedures were tested for association with DRE. Algorithms combining permutations of these factors were applied to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) for DRE. The F1 score was used to compare overall performance.ResultsAmong 412 patients with source record‐confirmed epilepsy, 62 (15.0%) had DRE, 163 (39.6%) had drug‐responsive epilepsy, 124 (30.0%) had undefined drug responsiveness, and 63 (15.3%) had insufficient records. The best performing phenotype for DRE in terms of the F1 score was the presence of ≥1 intractable epilepsy code and ≥2 unique non‐gabapentinoid ASM exposures each with ≥90‐day drug era (sensitivity = .661, specificity = .937, PPV = .594, NPV = .952, F1 score = .626). Several phenotypes achieved higher sensitivity at the expense of specificity and vice versa.SignificanceOMOP algorithms can identify DRE in EHR‐derived data with varying tradeoffs between sensitivity and specificity. These computable phenotypes can be applied across the largest international network of standardized clinical databases for further validation, reproducible observational research, and improving access to appropriate care.
Lethal and sublethal effects of thermal stress on octocorals early life‐history stages
Authors: Viladrich Núria , Linares Cristina , Padilla‐Gamiño Jacqueline L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe frequency and severity of marine heatwaves causing mass mortality events in tropical and temperate coral species increases every year, with serious consequences on the stability and resilience of coral populations. Although recovery and persistence of coral populations after stress events is closely related to adult fitness, as well as larval survival and settlement, much remains unknown about the effects of thermal stress on early life‐history stages of temperate coral species. In the present study, the reproductive phenology and the effect of increased water temperature (+4°C and +6°C above ambient, 20°C) on larval survival and settlement was evaluated for two of the most representative Mediterranean octocoral species (Eunicella singularis and Corallium rubrum). Our study shows that reproductive behavior is more variable than previously reported and breeding period occurs over a longer period in both species. Thermal stress did not affect the survival of symbiotic E. singularis larvae but drastically reduced the survival of the non‐symbiotic C. rubrum larvae. Results on larval biomass and caloric consumption suggest that higher mortality rates of C. rubrum exposed to increased temperature were not related to depletion of endogenous energy in larvae. The results also show that settlement rates of E. singularis did not change in response to elevated temperature after 20 days of exposure, but larvae may settle fast and close to their native population at 26°C (+6°C). Although previous experimental studies found that adult colonies of both octocoral species are mostly resistant to thermal stress, our results on early life‐history stages suggest that the persistence and inter‐connectivity of local populations may be severely compromised under continued trends in ocean warming.
Petrogenesis of two types of gabbro from Neoproterozoic Fuchuan ophiolite complex, Jiangnan Orogen: Implication for a Japan Sea‐like back‐arc basin
Authors: Hong Wentao , Yu Minggang , Song Zhentao , Chu Pingli , Liu Kai , Zhou Xiaohua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Neoproterozoic Fuchuan ophiolite complex (FCO) represents the lithospheric remnant of the back‐arc basin in the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton. However, the nature and development of this back‐arc system are still confusing. This study focuses on the tholeiitic gabbros in the FCO, which can be divided into enriched and depleted types according to their geochemical characteristics. Enriched gabbros (843 ± 5 Ma) in the FCO are characterized by left‐sloping rare earth element (REE) patterns and relatively low εHf(t) (mostly in the range of 4.6–7.8). In contrast, depleted gabbros are slightly younger (838 ± 5 Ma) and isotopically more depleted (εHf(t) mostly in 7.7–11.8) than enriched gabbros, exhibiting flat REE patterns. Based on geochemical variations and numerical modeling, the primary magmas of enriched gabbros were generated by a low degree (~14 %) partial melting of the melt‐modified depleted mantle. In contrast, the more depleted isotopic composition and variable Ba/Th and V/Yb ratios of depleted gabbros suggest that their magmas have originated from a higher degree (~14–26 %) partial melting of the fluid‐modified residual depleted mantle. Considering that the most ~860–830 Ma magmatism in the eastern Jiangnan Orogen is calc‐alkaline, the Neoproterozoic back‐arc basin where the FCO formed could be sialic and built on the thinning continental crust, resembling the Japan Sea. The occurrences of tholeiitic gabbros in the FCO thus provide crucial insights into the opening of the back‐arc basin in the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton. The changes of mantle source nature and metasomatic agent reflect the upwelling of the depleted asthenosphere and oceanward retreading of the continental arc during the back‐arc opening. Consequently, the early continental arc in the southeastern Yangtze Craton may have been transformed into a new island arc, resembling the formation of the northeast Honshu arc during the Miocene.
Hydrothermal synthesis of monoclinic zirconia sol
Authors: Sun Yutong , Xu Yebin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate a synthetic method of zirconia sol using ZrO(NO3)2·xH2O as Zr4+ precursor, tetramethylammonium hydroxide as mineralizer, and oxalic acid as a complexing agent. X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and UV–vis adsorption spectroscopy were used to characterize the nanocrystals. The effect of oxalic acid content on the growth of zirconia nanocrystals was investigated. Zirconia sol cannot be synthesized without oxalic acid. The oxalic acid content has no obvious effect on the phase formation of monoclinic zirconia. The transparent and monoclinic zirconia sol with particle size <10 nm was synthesized. This provides a new hydrothermal system for the synthesis of zirconia sol.
Effect of Li2O excess in Li6.4Ga0.2La3Zr2O12 electrolyte for all‐solid‐state Li‐ion batteries
Authors: Xiang Xing , Fang Zecheng , Wang Xibei , Zhao Zhenzhen , Zhang Haojun , Zhang Yu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLi7La3Zr2O12 is a promising material used as solid electrolyte in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. However, the lithium ionic conductivity of LLZO is limited, and the cycling stability of lithium symmetric battery based on LLZO is not good. In this research, different Ga‐doped LLZO samples were prepared by adding different excess amounts of Li2O, and the effect of excess amount of Li2O on the structure and performance of LLZO have been researched. The results show that with the rise of the amount of Li2O, the lithium ionic concentration increases gradually, and the lithium ionic conductivity and the ratio of grain resistance to total resistance rise first and then drop. When the excess amount of Li2O is 10 wt.%, the sample exhibits the highest lithium ionic conductivity of 1.36 mS/cm, and the lithium symmetric battery exhibits the most stable operation.
Doing and undoing gender at work: The workplace experiences of trans people in Switzerland
Authors: PARINI Lorena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article considers the effects of trans identity on people's workplace experiences. Drawing on in‐depth individual interviews with 12 trans people in Switzerland in 2014–15, the author identifies the difficulties and successes of their experiences through the perspective of three dimensions: the effects of the type of transition they undergo (towards the male or female gender), difficulties in reconciling the temporalities of transitions with those of employers, and the circumstances in which individuals “come out”. Reflecting on trans people's access to economic citizenship, the author recommends revising labour legislation and raising awareness among managers of the issues surrounding trans identity.
Non‐standard monetary policy measures in non‐normal times
Authors: Bartocci Anna , Notarpietro Alessandro , Pisani Massimiliano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe evaluate the macroeconomic effects of long‐term sovereign‐bond purchases by the central bank in an economy that is likely to be characterized by a low equilibrium real interest rate and a non‐negligible probability of hitting the zero lower bound (ZLB) on the monetary‐policy rate. Our analysis is based on simulations of a dynamic general equilibrium model for the euro area. The main results are the following. First, long‐term sovereign‐bond purchases reacting to a positive inflation gap help stabilize macroeconomic conditions when the monetary‐policy rate hits the ZLB. Second, these purchases are an effective stabilization tool following positive shocks to the sovereign term premium and negative shocks to aggregate demand. Third, to stabilize the effects of expansionary demand shocks, the central bank can increase the monetary‐policy rate according to an ‘aggressive’ Taylor rule, instead of selling long‐term sovereign bonds.
Gamified environmental multi‐criteria decision analysis: information on objectives and range insensitivity bias
Authors: Aubert Alice H. , Lienert Judit , von Helversen Bettina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMulti‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is well suited to address complex public policy problems but could benefit from new tools to involve many laypeople. Online information on specialized topics could be more engaging by including game elements. This paper reports an experiment that assessed a gamified interface to (1) inform laypeople about the objectives to consider in wastewater management decisions, (2) assist them in constructing range‐based preferences, and (3) provide a positive experience. We measured the effects with (1) a knowledge pre‐ and posttest, (2) the elicited weights and a range sensitivity index, and (3) an experience questionnaire based on self‐determination theory. Answers from 174 participants indicated that participants learnt about the objectives and constructed preferences in both the gamified and control treatments. However, in neither were weights sufficiently adjusted. Our gamification making the ranges salient did not help overcome this bias. Both treatments were experienced as neutral to positive, the gamified being more entertaining. We discuss implications: if gamification of tools for participatory decision‐making is to be promoted, it requires further research. Range insensitivity remains an unresolved bias in MCDA.
Leaf endophytic microbiomes of different almond cultivars grafted to the same rootstock
Authors: Saldierna Guzmán J. Paola , Dove Nicholas C. , Hart Stephen C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aims
We compared the bacterial endophytic communities of three genetically different almond cultivars that were all grafted on the same type of rootstock, growing side by side within a commercial orchard.

Methods and Results
We examined the diversity of leaf bacterial endophytes using cultivation-independent techniques and assessed the relative abundance of bacterial families. Two of these three cultivars were dominated by Pseudomonadaceae, while the bacterial composition of the third cultivar consisted mainly of Streptococcaceae.

Conclusions
The experimental set up allowed us to analyse the impact of the shoot cultivar on endophytes, minimizing the influence of rootstock, biogeography, and cultivation status. Our data suggest that the shoot cultivar can shape the leaf endophytic community composition of almond trees.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Our results suggest that the shoot cultivar controls the composition of the foliar bacterial endophytic community of almonds. Overall, our results could provide a first step to develop strategies for a more sustainable almond agriculture.
The relationships between organizational culture and thriving at work among nurses: The mediating role of affective commitment and work engagement
Authors: Zhai Yue , Cai Shining , Chen Xiao , Zhao Wenjuan , Yu Jingxian , Zhang Yuxia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimGuided by the social embeddedness model of thriving at work, this paper explores how nursing organizational culture, work engagement and affective commitment affect nurses' thriving at work.BackgroundThriving at work has implications for better employee and organization outcomes. The antecedents of thriving at work among the nursing population needs to be expanded by analysing the cross‐level impact of organizational and individual characteristics.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was used to collect data from 1437 frontline nurses in a tertiary teaching hospital in China between April and May 2020 through an online survey about perceived nursing culture, work engagement, affective commitment and thriving at work. Data were analysed using SPSS, and a structural equation model was established using the PROCESS macro.ResultsOur results showed that work engagement and affective commitment mediated the relationship between nurses' perceived nursing culture and their thriving at work. Among nurses, work engagement was positively correlated to affective commitment.ConclusionOur study confirmed the social embeddedness model of thriving at work by showing that both contextual and dispositional factors can influence nurses' thriving at work. Nurse leaders can foster nursing staff's thriving at work by building an inclusive work environment and by providing adequate resources to staff. Future research is needed to elaborate on employee and organizational outcomes associated with thriving at work.ImpactNurse leaders should be the advocate for nurses to improve their organizational identification, fostering their thriving at work. Individual nurses can also take an active role in developing work‐related resources to sustain their thriving through self‐adaption processes. Collective thriving in the nursing workforce is needed to overcome adversity and hardship in the ever‐changing and increasingly demanding health care industry and to further contribute to the vitality of the broader social and public environments.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution. This study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public.
Direct comparison of two 50 W high power short duration approaches—Temperature‐ versus ablation index‐guided radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Guckel Denise , Bergau Leonard , Braun Martin , El Hamriti Mustapha , Mörsdorf Maximilian , Fink Thomas , Sciacca Vanessa , Khalaph Moneeb , Imnadze Guram , Sommer Philipp , Sohns Christian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionApproaches applying higher energy levels for shorter periods (high power short duration, HPSD) to improve lesion formation for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation have been introduced. This single‐center study aimed to compare the efficacy, safety, and lesion formation using the novel DiamondTemp (DT) catheter or an ablation index (AI)‐guided HPSD ablation protocol using a force‐sensing catheter with surround‐flow irrigation.MethodsOne hundred thirteen consecutive patients undergoing radiofrequency‐guided catheter ablation (RFCA) for AF were included. Forty‐five patients treated with the DT catheter (50 W, 9 s), were compared to 68 consecutive patients undergoing AI‐guided ablation (AI anterior 550; AI posterior 400) adherent to a 50 W HPSD protocol. Procedural data and AF recurrence were evaluated.ResultsAcute procedural success was achieved in all patients (n = 113, 100%). DT‐guided AF ablation was associated with a longer mean procedure duration (99.10 ± 28.30 min vs. 78.24 ± 25.55, p < .001) and more RF applications (75.24 ± 30.76 min vs. 61.27 ± 14.06, p = .019). RF duration (792.13 ± 311.23 s vs. 1035.54 ± 287.24 s, p < .001) and fluoroscopy dose (183.81 ± 178.13 vs. 295.80 ± 247.54 yGym2, p = .013) were lower in the DT group. AI‐guided HPSD was associated with a higher AF‐free survival rate without reaching statistical significance (p = .088). Especially patients with PERS AF (p = .009) as well as patients with additional atrial arrhythmia substrate (p = .002) benefited from an AI‐guided ablation strategy.ConclusionTemperature‐ and AI‐ controlled HPSD RFCA using 50 W was safe and effective. AI‐guided HPSD ablation seems to be associated with shorter procedure durations and fewer RF applications. Particularly in advanced AF, freedom from AF‐recurrence may be improved using an AI‐guided HPSD approach.
GmYSL7 controls iron uptake, allocation, and cellular response of nodules in soybean
Authors: Wu Xinying , Wang Yongliang , Ni Qiaohan , Li Haizhen , Wu Xuesong , Yuan Zhanxin , Xiao Renhao , Ren Ziyin , Lu Jingjing , Yun Jinxia , Wang Zhijuan , Li Xia 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTIron (Fe) is essential for DNA synthesis, photosynthesis and respiration of plants. The demand for Fe substantially increases during legumes‐rhizobia symbiotic nitrogen fixation because of the synthesis of leghemoglobin in the host and Fe‐containing proteins in bacteroids. However, the mechanism by which plant controls iron transport to nodules remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that GmYSL7 serves as a key regulator controlling Fe uptake from root to nodule and distribution in soybean nodules. GmYSL7 is Fe responsive and GmYSL7 transports iron across the membrane and into the infected cells of nodules. Alterations of GmYSL7 substantially affect iron distribution between root and nodule, resulting in defective growth of nodules and reduced nitrogenase activity. GmYSL7 knockout increases the expression of GmbHLH300, a transcription factor required for Fe response of nodules. Overexpression of GmbHLH300 decreases nodule number, nitrogenase activity and Fe content in nodules. Remarkably, GmbHLH300 directly binds to the promoters of ENOD93 and GmLbs, which regulate nodule number and nitrogenase activity, and represses their transcription. Our data reveal a new role of GmYSL7 in controlling Fe transport from host root to nodule and Fe distribution in nodule cells, and uncover a molecular mechanism by which Fe affects nodule number and nitrogenase activity.
Keep it simple: comparing functional assessments in individuals with Down syndrome
Authors: Stone W. J. , Buoncristiani N. A. , Malone G. T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA number of assessments exist that evaluate function in ambulatory adults. However, these assessments take for granted the cognitive abilities required for the participant to understand what is being asked of them in order to demonstrate their functional abilities. It has been shown that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate lower functional levels when asked to perform additional tasks while walking. Therefore, measurements of function may not be reflective of actual function if the assessment requires additional tasks in those with DS. It is for these reasons the current investigation sought to evaluate four common functional assessments, two with [modified Berg balance test (mBERG) and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA)] and two without [Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Established Populations for Epidemiologic Study in the Elderly (EPESE)] complex tasks.MethodsAdults with DS (n = 19) completed four functional assessments, which were later compared using bivariate Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsThere were large associations between simple assessments (TUG–EPESE:r = −0.525,P = 0.021) and complex assessments (FGA–mBERG:r = 0.612,P = 0.005), respectively. The TUG also inversely correlated with the FGA (r = −0.476,P = 0.039), and the EPESE had a large association with mBERG (r = 0.508,P = 0.027).ConclusionsThe mBERG may be the best test to replicate real‐world scenarios through its tasks, although it may also be confounded by the cognitive load required to perform the movements as asked. The TUG and EPESE may be more appropriate as mobility assessments because they require very little cognitive attention when completing the tasks. True assessments of mobility ought to err on the side of simple so to not confuse the outcomes with executive functionality.
Geographic Cross‐Sectional Fiscal Spending Multipliers and the Role of Local Autonomy: Evidence from European Regions
Authors: BRUECKNER MARKUS , PAPPA EVI , VALENTINYI ÁKOS 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUsing a panel of 268 European regions during 1990–2014, we document that the degree of local government's autonomy, measured with the “Local Autonomy Index,” has a significant positive effect on the fiscal spending multiplier. The estimated geographic cross‐sectional fiscal spending multiplier is on average close to zero in countries with the lowest degree of local autonomy, and around unity in countries with the highest degree of local autonomy. Multipliers are state‐dependent: larger when gross domestic product is below trend and when there is slack in the labor market; in those states, local autonomy has a particularly large positive effect on the multiplier. To interpret the empirical findings, we build a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model where both local and central government spending contribute to a public good that enhances private labor productivity. Local governments are more efficient in producing the public good and the multiplier is higher in countries where local government spending has a larger share in the production of the public good.