bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le cadeau dans les relations diplomatiques du royaume du Danhomè au XIX e siècle
Authors: Beaujean Gaëlle 
Published: June 2022

Cet article se penche sur le parcours et l’aura politique des cadeaux diplomatiques au xix e siècle entre les rois du Danhomè et les ambassades non africaines. Les relations commerciales entre le Danhomè et deux autres continents se nouent au début du xviii e siècle autour de la déportation d’esclaves vers l’Amérique. Au début du xix e siècle, à l’heure de l’abolition de la traite, des ambassades se déplacent pour négocier. Des échanges de cadeaux marquent le début et la fin des tractations. Les présents renseignent sur la perception que le donateur se fait du goût de son destinataire, sur la performance de l’objet dans la relation politique et le processus transculturel de l’objet.
Robots vs algorithmes
Authors: Crépel Maxime , Cardon Dominique 
Published: June 2022

Signée par Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Steve Wozniak et Noam Chomsky, une lettre ouverte publiée en 2015 alerte sur les risques existentiels auxquels l’humanité doit faire face en raison des nouveaux développements de l’IA. Elle constitue un moment clé de la réactivation d’un ensemble de ressources narratives et normatives visant à porter sur la place publique un débat critique relatif aux progrès de l’IA. Par vagues successives, les promesses et les risques de l’intelligence artificielle sont venus occuper de façon spectaculaire la discussion publique. À partir de méthode de TAL appliquée à un large corpus de la presse anglo-saxonne, cet article montre que le thème des algorithmes et de l’IA occupe un espace croissant dans la sphère médiatique depuis 5 ans. Le corpus se structure autour de deux espaces sémantiques qui constituent deux régimes dominants de critique, l’un fondé sur les injustices produites par les algorithmes et l’autre sur les peurs de l’autonomie de l’IA et des robots. L’analyse comparée de ces espaces montre qu’ils mobilisent des agents technologiques et humains, des troubles et une temporalité distincts. En développant un discours critique sur les méfaits de ces technologies, la sphère médiatique contribue à forger l’opinion publique mais aussi à définir les formes d’acceptabilité de ces agents calculateurs.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Chouin Gérard 
Published: June 2022

L’histoire urbaine en Afrique tropicale humide demeure un champ de recherche à peine défriché, particulièrement pour les périodes précédant l’ouverture au commerce atlantique au xv e siècle. Pourtant, tout porte à croire que les villes qui furent au cœur des systèmes politiques tels qu’ils sont documentés entre le xvi e et le xix e siècle ne poussèrent pas ex nihilo sur le terreau du monde atlantique, mais étaient enracinées dans des modèles sociétaux plus anciens. Le déficit d’études sur ces villes anciennes s’explique non par l’absence ou la rareté de sites archéologiques, mais plutôt par la faible visibilité de beaucoup d’entre eux qui contraste avec la forte visibilité d’un petit nombre d’autres tel Ifè, devenu à tort le prototype de la ville ancienne dans le Golfe de Guinée. Sur la base de la théorie des places centrales et de celle des flux centraux, nous proposons le terme d’hyper-ville pour ces sites à la visibilité archéologique hors du commun, dont la caractéristique principale était d’être au croisement entre constructions politiques régionales et réseaux d’échange à longue distance.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Wion Anaïs , Noûs Camille 
Published: June 2022

Aksum fut la ville éponyme du royaume qui contrôla le nord des hauts-plateaux de la Corne de l’Afrique et la Mer Rouge entre le i er et le vii e siècle de notre ère. Les ruines de cette splendeur passée tout autant que le site propice par ses qualités aquifères firent en sorte que l’implantation humaine s’y perpétua de façon quasiment continue jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Le plus souvent associé à ses symboles politico-religieux, tel que l’Arche d’Alliance ou la cérémonie du sacre des rois chrétiens, Aksum abrite aussi une culture spécifique qui peut être qualifiée d’urbaine pour les raisons suivantes : un droit exclusif sur le foncier s’y est transmis au fil des générations, en lien avec une légitimité héréditaire et ancestrale. Aujourd’hui nommé qwelz , un terme rare qui désignait à l’origine l’entretien des murs et des sols dallés de l’église Maryam Seyon d’Aksum, ce droit foncier est le parangon d’une culture élitaire et citadine. Cette enquête située permet d’apporter un éclairage spécifique pour contribuer à enrichir une histoire urbaine de l’Éthiopie ancienne en quête de sources.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Audard Alexandre 
Published: June 2022

De 1898 à 1916, la base navale stratégique de Diego-Suarez (Extrême-Nord de Madagascar) est en chantier et manque de main d’œuvre. Le port, les casernes et une mine d’or attirent des migrations de travail et d’aventure de tout l’océan Indien, voire des empires. La ville de garnison attenante, créée ex nihilo quelques années auparavant, connaît une extension rapide et l’administration n’a pas les moyens de gérer cet afflux inédit de nouvelles populations, dont les statuts échappent aux formes de catégorisation coloniale. Face aux « désordres » de ce nouveau front pionnier, comparé à celui du Klondike, les autorités adoptent un certain nombre de mesures contradictoires (élargissement du quartier « indigène ») et originales (transfert de l’institution indochinoise des « congrégations »), aboutissant à de premières dynamiques cosmopolites en décalage avec la vocation militaire de la ville.
Repenser l’urbain depuis l’Afrique
Authors: Pighin Aline 
Published: June 2022

Dans la nuit du 13 octobre 1979, Bodys Isek Kingelez fait un rêve programmatique : celui d’un ambitieux « projet sur maquette » qu’il intitule La cité du 24 Novembre de l’Authenticité Africaine pour Les Musés (sic) Zaïrois . La maquette qui en résulte puise dans le riche répertoire de formes architecturales et de géométries disponibles à Kinshasa. Méconnue, aux airs de fantôme, elle est aujourd’hui conservée dans les bureaux de l’Institut des musées nationaux du Congo. Cet essai visuel propose une réflexion sur quelques couches de narration politique portées par l’espace urbain kinois et sur ses perceptions, au moment du rêve, à la fin des années 1970, en serrant la focale sur les premières années de pratique de l’artiste. Il met en lumière une lecture personnelle et sensible de la politique de recours à l’authenticité promue par Mobutu et des grands travaux qui remodèlent la silhouette de la ville dans le Zaïre d’alors, autant qu’un geste pour faire de l’utopie architecturale un commun.
La charge des images : les représentations des porteurs de l’expédition coloniale au Tendaguru (1909-1913) et leur circulation
Authors: Vennen Mareike 
Published: June 2022

De 1909 à 1913, des porteurs ont déplacé 225 tonnes de fossiles dans le cadre de fouilles paléontologiques menées par le Museum für Naturkunde de Berlin dans la région colonisée du Tendaguru (sud de l’actuelle Tanzanie). Leur rôle décisif a jusqu’ici pourtant été ignoré. Le présent article analyse le contenu (soit le travail à l’image) ainsi que les conditions de production, d’utilisation et de circulation (soit le travail de l’image) de photographies représentant les porteurs au travail produites lors de cette expédition. Source importante pour une perspective logistique sur l’histoire coloniale allemande, ces photographies témoignent de la culture matérielle scientifique en contexte colonial aussi bien que des transferts et de l’accumulation d’objets dans les collections européennes. En parallèle à la circulation des fossiles, l’autrice reconstruit la circulation de ces images du transport, qui ont fait des porteurs les protagonistes anonymes d’une success-story scientifique, nationale et coloniale, participant du travail d’autoreprésentation des membres de l’expédition et contribuant à légitimer et à populariser celle-ci.
Histopathological spectrum of adult renal tumours
Authors: Sheenu Varghese S. , Paul Renu S. , Pushpa Mahadevan , Ami Emmanuel M. , Rashmi R , Iona Mathew L. , Elizabeth Manuel 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Renal tumors constitute approximately 3% of all malignancies in adults. They form a heterogenous group with variable morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features.

Aim:
The objective of this study was to analyze the spectrum of adult renal tumors at a tertiary care center and study the demographic and histomorphological features.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, 55/87 nephrectomy specimens resected for adult renal tumors during a 1-year period were analyzed retrospectively.

Results:
There were 4 benign (7.2%) and 51 (92.7%) malignant tumors. There was a male preponderance with a male: female ratio of 3.42:1. The tumors were seen to occur equally in both kidneys. The most common tumor was clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the conventional type accounting for 65.5% of our study group. There were one each of multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential, papillary RCC, chromophobe RCC, Mit family RCC, oncocytoma and angiomyolipoma and two clear cell papillary RCC during this 1-year period. Uncommon tumors included neuroendocrine carcinoma (1), epithelioid angiomyolipoma (1), mixed epithelial stromal tumor (1), Ewings sarcoma (2), and glomangioma (1). Five cases of urothelial carcinoma of renal pelvis/ureter also were present.

Conclusion:
This article gives an overview of the spectrum of adult renal tumors at a tertiary care center with an in-depth literature review providing recent advances in each category of tumors.
Evaluation of Spiro Metric Parameters in Traffic Police Men in a Metropolitan City
Authors: Bokre Santosh Rohidas , Deshpande Sangita , Waghmare Anil Raosaheb , Shete Anjali 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Air pollution is a major environment related health threat. Air quality crisis in Indian cities is mainly due to emission from vehicles which include various particles and gases from vehicular emission. Traffic policemen who work in the busy traffic signal areas for years together are constantly exposed to this pollutant making them susceptible to its adverse effects, like respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Objectives:
To compare different parameters of pulmonary function test (PFT) between non-smoker controls and non-smoker traffic policemen, and also between smoker controls and smoker traffic policemen.

Methods:
This study was carried out in Department of Physiology among the government servants not exposed to traffic pollution and traffic policemen exposed to vehicular pollution. PFT was conducted in both these groups and parameters like vital capacity (VC), FEV1-force expiratory volume at the end of 1 second, ratio of forced expiratory volume at first second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC%), mid-expiratory flow rate (FEV25-75%) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured and compared between these two groups.

Results:
In the present study, traffic policemen (non smoker) showed a statistically significant reduction in VC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, FEV25-75, and PEFR compared to controls (non smoker) whereas traffic policemen (smoker) showed a statistically significant reduction in VC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%, FEV25-75%, and PEFR compared to controls (smoker).

Conclusion:
Significant reduction in all the parameters in traffic policemen compared to control group proves that preventive measures like pollution masks, regular breathing exercises, etc., have to be implemented at the workplace to reduce health hazards of continuous exposure to traffic dust.
Package Inserts
Authors: Anantharamu Tejus , Narain Narain Shankar , Mathur Adesh Govind , Roy Pramod , Gupta Atul 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The information regarding the prescribed medication has to be given to the patients who consume the same. Most medicines now need a valid prescription for dispensing by a registered pharmacist. This chain of medicine distribution takes away the decision-making rights of the consumers, thereby greatly increasing the responsibility of the prescribers and dispensers. The availability of Package Inserts (PIs) has been made mandatory by most agencies globally.

Materials and Methods:
Each saleable unit of all the available medicines in the medical stores were analyzed for the availability of the PIs. The medicines for which PIs were available were classified into those manufactured within India and outside. All the PIs were assessed for their completeness.

Results:
Only a minor fraction (20.9%) of the saleable units of the available medicines carried PIs. All PIs carried information on therapeutic indications including posology and method of administration. The main difference between the imported and indigenous medication PIs was with regard to information on antidotes for overdosings, list of excipients, incompatibilities, shelf life, and specific instructions for use/handling.

Conclusion:
The availability and quality of PIs must be checked regularly by the concerned regulators and suitable punishment clauses must be introduced through legislations to ensure all manufacturers to adhere the same. The ultimate goal of good PIs must not only be to provide information to health care professionals but also to enhance the knowledge of the healthcare consumers to make informed decision-making and thereby enhancing the quality of healthcare.
Giải pháp phát triển chuỗi giá trị khóm Cầu Đúc tỉnh Hậu Giang
Authors: Tú Võ Hồng , Trang Nguyễn Thuỳ 
Published: June 2022

Khóm Cầu Đúc là một trong những sản phẩm chủ lực của tỉnh Hậu Giang với 04 sản phẩm đã đạt chuẩn OCOP 03 sao. Tuy nhiên, thực trạng sản xuất và tiêu thụ của ngành hàng vẫn còn nhiều hạn chế. Do vậy, nghiên cứu tiến hành phỏng vấn 78 quan sát gồm các tác nhân trong chuỗi giá trị ngành hàng. Bằng cách sử dụng các công cụ phân tích chuỗi giá trị. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy kênh tiêu thụ thông qua thương lái vẫn là kênh chính, chiếm tỷ trọng khoảng 89%, tỷ lệ ký hợp đồng tiêu thụ giữa nông dân với doanh nghiệp còn khá hạn chế. Kênh tiêu thụ thông qua du lịch cộng đồng đã góp phần mang về giá trị gia tăng cao cho người nông dân. Về cơ cấu chi phí sản xuất khóm, kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy chi phí giống, phân và lao động thuê chiếm tỷ trọng lớn. Để phát triển sinh kế cho nông hộ trồng khóm, tiết giảm chi phí là tất yếu và cụ thể là chi phí giống và đẩy mạnh ứng dụng cơ giới hóa để giảm chi phí thuê mướn lao động.
ABSTRACT
Cau Duc pineapple is one of the key products of Hau Giang province with 04 products that have been certified as 03-star OCOP. However, the production and consumption of the pineapple industry is still limited. Therefore, the study conducted interviews with 78 observations including actors in the value chain. By using value chain analysis tools, the research results show that the distribution channel through middleman still share the highest proportion, accounting for about 89%, the rate of contract farming between farmers and enterprises is quite limited. Distribution channel through community-based tourism has contributed to bringing high added value to farmers. Regarding the production cost structure of pineapple, the research shows that the cost of pineapple seedlings, fertilizer and hired labor account for a large proportion of the total cost. To develop the livelihoods of pineapple farmers, it is inevitable to reduce production cost, especially seedling costs and to promote the application of mechanization to reduce hired labor costs.
Pengaruh Cadangan Kerugian Penurunan Nilai dan Net Interest Margin terhadap Profitabilitas pada Unit Usaha Syariah
Authors: Limbong Safitriana , Diana Nana 
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect on Profitability described by Return on Assets that can be influenced by Allowance for Impairment Losses (CKPN) and (NIM). The research method uses descriptive and verification methods. In this study, the Allowance for Impairment Loss (CKPN) variable is used as the X1 variable, the Net Intrest Margin (NIM) as the X2 variable and the Return On Asset (ROA) variable as the Y variable. The population in this study is Sharia Business Units registered with OJK with a quantity of 20 Sharia Business Units. Purposive sampling technique was used as a determinant of sampling so that the sample studied was 6 sharia business units, the data used came from the annual financial ratio reports for each sharia business unit contained in the Financial Services Authority (OJK). obtained in 2016 – 2021. The results of the partial study of CKPN cannot affect ROA but the NIM variable shows it can affect ROA, and simultaneously both cannot affect ROA of Sharia Business Units registered with OJK 2016-2021.
Keywords: CKPN, NIM, ROA
Pemasaran Bank Syariah Berbasis tekhnology Revolusi Industry 4.0
Authors: Irawan Dedeng , Sugianto Sugianto , Siregar Saparuddin 
Published: June 2022

Islamic bank marketing must be able to change the way of human life and work processes as a whole, in order to support the advancement of information technology to be able to synergize in the world of life with marketing media that can be used to market products that exist in Islamic banks, so that all these products can be recognized by all customers who are users of Islamic bank products. In this research, it is hoped that it can add scientific references in knowing the products in Islamic banking, especially those that are directly related to Economic Construction in the Technology 4.0 era. by using the SWOT Analysis technique. This paper will use qualitative research with a case study approach, namely the author tries to reveal real life so that the collected data is analyzed in detail obtained from many sources, both from interviews, direct observations or data results that have been published by previous researchers. The findings in this study are that Islamic banks can choose the right strategy to synergize with the 4.0 industrial revolution, namely by using SWOT analysis.
Key Word: Sharia Bank Marketing, Industry Revolution Technology 4.0,
Analisis Data Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja di Kota Medan Tahun 2019-2020
Authors: Maryam Siregar Yuni , M. Nawawi Zuhrinal 
Published: June 2022

Employment is an important issue in national and regional development. The city of Medan as the capital city of North Sumatra Province has a high need for labor absorption in line with the growth of the existing population. This study aims to determine the absorption of labor in the city of Medan in 2019-2020. This study uses descriptive statistical methods with secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of Medan City. The results showed that there was an increase in the percentage of unemployment in Medan City in 2020 by 2.21%. The employment sector with the highest employment absorption is the tertiary sector or service provider, especially in trade, which absorbs the highest workforce in the city of Medan.
Keywords: Labor, Employment, Employment Sector
Kebijakan Dinas Tenaga Kerja Dalam Pembukaan Pelatihan dan Perluasan Kesempatan Kerja di Kota Medan
Authors: Alfiani Sucita , M. Nawawi Zuhrinal 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to review the policies of the Department of Manpower in opening and expanding job opportunities in the city of Medan. The purpose of job training is to increase productivity, quality, support HR planning so that it can trigger the expansion of job opportunities. The research method uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. The results of the study indicate that the policy on training and expansion of the workforce is contained in the policy for the Implementation of Domestic Apprenticeship Activities. Through training policies in the form of internships, workers can experience firsthand how tight and tight competition is in the world of work and productivity in it.
Keywords: Policy, Job Training, Job Opportunities
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Agen PT Prudential Life Assurance Cabang Binjai
Authors: Ayuni Putri , Yusrizal Yusrizal 
Published: June 2022

Marketing Communication Strategy Agent PT. Prudential life assurance binjai branch develops effective marketing communications, namely identifying the target audience, designing messages, selecting media, selecting message sources, collecting feedback. Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman developed a qualitative descriptive method using data model interactivity analysis techniques. The results of the research obtained an overview that PT. Prudential in marketing strategic communication Agents are more than two-way communication to customers to sell products so that they can give influence, wealth, and no one is judged.
Keywords: strategy, marketing communication, decision making, customer.
Menganalisis Efektifitas Sistem Pengendalian Internal terhadap Pelayanan Publik pada Bidang Perizinan di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Medan
Authors: Rahayu Nisa Sri , Lubis Arnida Wahyuni 
Published: June 2022

Public services in goverment agencies, especially in the field of licensing services will not be separated from the practice of maladministration. To overcome this practice, a system that can control the implementation of public services is needed, namely the internal control system. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effectiveness internal control system for public services in the field of licensing at the invesment office and one- stop integrated service in the city of Medan. This type of research uses a qualitative description rules and all information obtained from the mechanism of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the internal control system implemented in DPMPTSP Medan city has not been effective and optimal because there are still many complaints report from the public regarding the procedure system. Which is long- winded, takes a long time in obtaining permits, and it is found that Medan city DPMPTSP officers who work not yet competent and responsible for their work.
Keywords: Public Service, Licensing, Internal Control System
Analysis of Cutting Forces and Surface Roughness in Machining Al2219, Unhybrid and Hybrid Metal Matrix Nano Composites using CCD Design of Experiment
Authors: Siddeshkumar N G , Suresh R , Shivaramu L , Shankar G S Shiva 
Published: June 2022

Nano Composites (nano MMCs) exhibit outstanding engineering properties like wear resistance, better stiffness, low density, and excellent ratio of strength to weight and so on. Unhybrid and hybrid nano MMC composites were fabricated using liquid metallurgical stir casting technique. Turning of Al2219 through TiN coated carbide tool was carried out to investigate surface roughness and cutting forces, by considering the cutting parameters like feed rate and speed. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments and to analyze the obtained results. The obtained results indicated that the cutting forces and surface roughness increases with increase in feed rate and decreases with increase in cutting speed. RSM displayed model and measured values are truly close to each other, which shows that created model can be effectively used to predict the cutting force and surface roughness on turning of MMCs. The predicted model values and obtained experimental values were close to each other with minimal error of 5 %, so the model is adequate.
HIGHLIGHTS

Nano Metal Matric Composites reinforced Al2219 with n-B4C & MoS2 particles successfully using stir casting
Feed rate is the key influencing factor and the cutting speed had slight influence on cutting force, surface roughness and tool wear
The experimental values obtained and predicted modeled values are within 5 % of each other, then the model is adequate

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT