bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postural support requirements preferentially modulate late components of the gastrocnemius response to transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Russell Cassandra , Difford Nathan , Stamenkovic Alexander , Stapley Paul , McAndrew Darryl , Arpel Caitlin , MacKinnon Colum , Shemmell Jonathan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMounting evidence suggests that motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded in upper limb muscles with postural support roles following transcranial magnetic stimulation receive contributions from both corticospinal and non-corticospinal descending pathways. We tested the hypothesis that neural structures responsible for regulating upright balance are involved in transmitting late portions of TMS-induced MEPs in a lower limb muscle. MEPs were recorded in the medial gastrocnemius muscles of each leg, while participants supported their upright posture in five postural conditions that required different levels of support from the target muscles. We observed that early and late portions of the MEP were modulated independently, with early MEP amplitude being reduced when high levels of postural support were required from a target muscle. Independent modulation of early and late MEPs by altered postural demand suggests largely separable transmission of each part of the MEP. The early component of the MEP is likely generated by fast-conducting corticospinal pathways, whereas the later component may be primarily transmitted along a polysynaptic cortico-reticulospinal pathway.
A Case Study: Comprehensive Approach for Treating Horizontal Neck Wrinkles Using Hyaluronic Acid Injections and Thread-Lifting
Authors: Liao Zhi-Feng , Yang Wei , Lin Fu-Chuan , Wang Shi-wei , Hong Wei-Jin , Luo Sheng-Kang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Horizontal neck wrinkles develop during the aging process.

Aims
This study assessed the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach to treating horizontal neck wrinkles using non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid injection and smooth absorbable PPDO (Poly p-dioxanon) thread insertion.

Methods
Ten patients with horizontal neck wrinkles were treated with hyaluronic acid injection and thread-lifting. The clinical outcomes were evaluated six months after treatment.

Results
The median global aesthetic improvement scale scores evaluated by plastic surgeons and the patients were 4.3 ± 0.8 (3–5) and 4.1 ± 0.7 (3–5), respectively, at six months post-treatment. Five (50%) patients strongly agreed, and three subjects (30%) agreed that their horizontal neck wrinkles had improved following treatment. No serious adverse events, including infections, lumps, irregularities, or the Tyndall effect, occurred during treatment.

Conclusion
This study revealed that a comprehensive approach using hyaluronic acid and thread-lifting provided satisfactory and effective clinical outcomes in treating horizontal neck wrinkles.

Level of evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors http://www.springer.com/00266.
Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Repeat Hepatectomy for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yeow Marcus , Zhao Joseph J. , Fong Khi Yung , Wong Joel , Tan Alvin Yong Hui , Kam Juinn Huar , Nikfarjam Mehrdad , Goh Brian K. P. , Kabir Tousif 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn updated systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted to compare radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus repeat hepatectomy (RH) for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) after a previous liver resection.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to October 2021 for randomized controlled trials and propensity‐score matched studies. Individual participant survival data of disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were extracted and reconstructed followed by one‐stage and two‐stage meta‐analysis. Secondary outcomes were major complications and length of hospital stay (LOHS).ResultsA total of seven studies (1317 patients) were analysed. In both one‐stage and two‐stage meta‐analysis, there was no significant difference in OS between the RFA and RH cohorts (Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.15, 95% CI 0.98–1.36, P = 0.094 and HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.77–1.64, P = 0.474 respectively), while the RFA group had a higher hazard rate of disease recurrence compared to the RH group (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.13–1.50, P < 0.001 and HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.09–1.57, P = 0.013, respectively). RFA was associated with fewer major complications and shorter LOHS versus RH (Odds Ratio 0.34, 95% CI 0.15–0.76, P = 0.009 and Weighted Mean Difference − 4.78, 95% CI − 6.30 to − 3.26, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsRH may be associated with superior DFS for rHCC, at the expense of higher morbidity rate and longer LOHS. However, OS is comparable between both modalities. As such, these techniques may be utilized as complementary strategies depending on individual patient and disease factors. Large‐scale, randomized, prospective studies are required to corroborate these findings.
The Effect of Single‐Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal (SASI) Bypass on Patients with Severe Obesity in Three Consecutive Years
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Vahid , Moeinvaziri Nader , Medhati Pourya , Salem Safa Aldin , Hosseini Elnaz , Clark Cain C. T. , Haghighat Neda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSparse data are available regarding the efficacy and safety of single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass surgery, where most available studies utilized short‐term follow‐ups. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the safety and outcomes of this procedure in three consecutive years after the surgery.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study was carried out with 116 patients who underwent SASI from October 2016 to September 2021. Anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical data were recorded before, 1, 2, and 3 years after surgery.ResultsThe 1, 2, and 3‐year percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) were 87.37%, 90.7%, and 80.6%, respectively. Remission or improvement was recorded for diabetes mellitus in 90.9%, hypertension in 80.0%, hyperlipidemia in 100%, sleep apnea in 100%, and irregular menstruation in 58.06 at 3 years after surgery. No mortality and 5.1% early major postoperative complications were recorded. Eight patients (6.8%) had reversal surgery due to EWL > 100%.ConclusionsThe SASI bypass is an effective bariatric surgery that achieved sequential weight loss and improvement in medical comorbidities three years after the surgery; however, standardization of SASI procedure technique is needed to ameliorate nutritional deficiencies.
Modelling water fluxes to improve banana irrigation scheduling and management in Magdalena, Colombia
Authors: Zubelzu Sergio , Panigrahi Niranjan , Thompson Andrew J. , Knox Jerry W. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an irrigation scheduling model for banana (Musa sp.) was developed to simulate crop growth and water fluxes under typical commercial plantation conditions. Whilst generic models exist for scheduling irrigation for many crops, their suitability for bananas are limited because of the asynchronous nature of crop growth. Individual fields on banana plantations typically contain trees at varying stages in their development cycle, so it is important for scheduling to account for this heterogeneity in simulating crop production. A crop modelling approach was developed using field data from Magdalena, an economically important region of banana production in Colombia. Following model development and calibration, irrigation water demand was estimated and weekly irrigation scheduling advice then transmitted by SMS to individual farmers in the region. The model also takes into account farmer feedback on actual irrigation practices to compare against estimated irrigation demands and to train model performance. Despite good model calibration, analysis of irrigation practices from farmer feedback showed only moderate to poor correlation between actual irrigation applications and the scheduling guidance. This implies a reluctance of farmers to change long-established traditional irrigation management practices, despite awareness of the impacts of systematic over-irrigation on yields and increased nutrient leaching risks. Significant ongoing research efforts will be needed to support improved knowledge and practical water management for key plantation crops.
Global and regional prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in low-and-middle income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fatoye Francis , Gebrye Tadesse , Mbada Chidozie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be more prevalent among most ethnic groups in the low-and-middle income countries (LMICs), still these countries are under-represented in epidemiological data on SLE. The aim of this study was to review the prevalence and incidence of SLE in LMICs and use meta-analytic techniques. The MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus and Global Index Medicus databases were searched for relevant studies published up to July of 2022. Papers selected for full-text review were included in the systematic review if they provided the prevalence or incidence of SLE in LMICs and published in English language. The reference lists of included articles were also searched for additional studies. Two individuals independently performed abstract and full-text review, data extraction, and quality assessment of the papers. The prevalence and incidence of SLE were pooled through random effects model. Pooled estimates were expressed with 95% confidence. Out of 2340 papers, 23 studies were included in the review. The mean age at diagnosis ranged from 25.5 to 45.8 years. Three studies were conducted in Argentina and Brazil, two studies in China and one study in Cuba, Colombia, Democratic Republic Congo, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Kenya, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey, Ukraine, Venezuela, and Zimbabwe. The SLE prevalence and incidence varied from 3.2 to 159 per 100,000 and 0.3–8.7 per 100,000 persons, respectively. In a random effects meta-analysis (n = 10), the pooled prevalence of SLE was 103 (95% confidence interval [CI] – 17 to 224) per 100,000. Meta‐analysis of data from 6 incidence studies revealed an incidence of 5 cases per year (95% CI 2–8) per 100,000. According to WHO regions, the pooled prevalence of American and Western Pacific regions was 300 (95% CI – 200 to 900) and 36 (95% CI 35–37) per 100,000, respectively. The pooled incidence of the American region was 10 (95%, 0–14) per 100,000 inhabitants. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a common disease with considerable variation in prevalence and incidence among the general population in LMICs. Accurate estimates of prevalence and incidence of SLE are required to put in place appropriate programmes to reduce its burden in LMICs. PROSPERO registration number: CRD: 42020197495, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.
Coloring Graphs in Oriented Coloring of Cubic Graphs
Authors: Dybizbański Janusz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOriented coloring of an oriented graph G is an arc-preserving homomorphism from G into a tournament H. We say that the graph H is universal for a family of oriented graphs $$\mathcal {C}$$
C
if for every $$G\in \mathcal {C}$$

G
∈
C

there exists a homomorphism from G into H. We are interested in finding a universal graph for the family of orientations of cubic graphs. In this paper we present constructive proof that: if there exists a universal graph H on 7 vertices for every orientation of cubic graphs, then minimum out-degree and minimum in-degree of H are equal to 2. That gives a negative answer to the question presented in Pinlou’s PHD thesis.
Impact of High-Grade Patterns in Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Multicentric Analysis
Authors: Bertoglio Pietro , Aprile Vittorio , Ventura Luigi , Cattoni Maria , Nachira Dania , Lococo Filippo , Perez Maria Rodriguez , Guerrera Francesco , Minervini Fabrizio , Querzoli Giulia , Bocchialini Giovanni , Bacchin Diana , Franzi Francesca , Rindi Guido , Bellafiore Salvatore , Femia Federico , Bogina Giuseppe Salvatore , Solli Piergiorgio , Kestenholz Peter , Ruffini Enrico , Paci Massimiliano , Margaritora Stefano , Imperatori Andrea Selenito , Lucchi Marco , Gnetti Letizia , Terzi Alberto Claudio 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
The presence of micropapillary and solid adenocarcinoma patterns leads to a worse survival and a significantly higher tendency to recur. This study aims to assess the impact of pT descriptor combined with the presence of high-grade components on long-term outcomes in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas.

Methods
We retrospectively collected data of consecutive resected pT1-T3N0 lung adenocarcinoma from nine European Thoracic Centers. All patients who underwent a radical resection with lymph-node dissection between 2014 and 2017 were included. Differences in Overall Survival (OS) and Disease-Free Survival (DFS) and possible prognostic factors associated with outcomes were evaluated also after performing a propensity score matching to compare tumors containing non-high-grade and high-grade patterns.

Results
Among 607 patients, the majority were male and received a lobectomy. At least one high-grade histological pattern was seen in 230 cases (37.9%), of which 169 solid and 75 micropapillary. T1a-b-c without high-grade pattern had a significant better prognosis compared to T1a-b-c with high-grade pattern (p = 0.020), but the latter had similar OS compared to T2a (p = 0.277). Concurrently, T1a-b-c without micropapillary or solid patterns had a significantly better DFS compared to those with high-grade patterns (p = 0.034), and it was similar to T2a (p = 0.839). Multivariable analysis confirms the role of T descriptor according to high-grade pattern both for OS (p = 0.024; HR 1.285 95% CI 1.033–1.599) and DFS (p = 0.003; HR 1.196, 95% CI 1.054–1.344, respectively). These results were confirmed after the propensity score matching analysis.

Conclusions
pT1 lung adenocarcinomas with a high-grade component have similar prognosis of pT2a tumors.
Blood identified and quantified in formalin fixed paraffin embedded lung sections using eosin fluorescence
Authors: Francis Robert J. , Ferguson Deborah , Kempster Sarah , Hall Joanna , Berry Neil , MacLellan-Gibson Kirsty 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEosin Y is a common stain in histology. Although usually used for colourimetric imaging where the dye is used to stain pink/red a range of structures in the tissue, Eosin Y is also a fluorochrome, and has been used in this manner for decades. In this study our aim was to investigate the fluorescence properties of the dye to enable quantification of structures within formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. To do this, FFPE sections of hamster tissue were prepared with haematoxylin and eosin Y dyes. Spectral detection on a confocal laser scanning microscope was used to obtain the fluorescence emission spectra of the eosin Y under blue light. This showed clear spectral differences between the red blood cells and congealed blood, compared to the rest of the section. The spectra were so distinct that it was possible to discern these in fluorescence and multi-photon microscopy. An image analysis algorithm was used to quantify the red blood cells. These analyses could have broad applications in histopathology where differentiation is required, such as the analysis of clotting disorders to haemorrhage or damage from infectious disease.
Comparison of pulmonary function changes between patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy prior to minimally invasive esophagectomy: a randomized and controlled trial
Authors: Chen Xiaosang , Du Mingjun , Tang Han , Wang Hao , Fang Yong , Lin Miao , Yin Jun , Tan Lijie , Shen Yaxing 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Adequate pulmonary function is important for patients undergoing surgical resection of esophageal cancer, especially those that received neoadjuvant therapy. However, it is unknown if pre-operative radiation affects pulmonary function differently compared to chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in pulmonary function between patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.

Methods
Between March 2017 and March 2018, esophageal cancer patients requiring neoadjuvant therapy were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to receive chemotherapy (CT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) before MIE. All patients received pulmonary function testing before and after the neoadjuvant therapy. Changes in pulmonary function, operative data, and pulmonary complications were compared between the 2 groups.

Results
A total of 71 patients were randomized and underwent MIE after receiving CT (n = 34) or CRT (n = 37). Baseline clinical characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. The CRT group experienced a greater decrease of forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) (2.66 to 2.18 L, p = 0.023) and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide divided by the mean alveolar volume (DLCO/Va) (17.3%, p < 0.001) than the CT group (FEV1 2.53 to 2.41 L; DLCO/Va 4.8%). The incidence of pulmonary complications was higher in the CRT group (13.51 vs. 8.82%), but the difference was not significant (p = 0.532).

Conclusions
Preoperative CRT affects pulmonary function more than CT alone, but does not increase the risk of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing MIE.
Comparing anatomy, chemical composition, and water permeability of suberized organs in five plant species: wax makes the difference
Authors: Suresh Kiran , Zeisler-Diehl Viktoria V. , Wojciechowski Tobias , Schreiber Lukas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Main conclusion
The efficiency of suberized plant/environment interfaces as transpiration barriers is not established by the suberin polymer but by the wax molecules sorbed to the suberin polymer.

Abstract
Suberized cell walls formed as barriers at the plant/soil or plant/atmosphere interface in various plant organs (soil-grown roots, aerial roots, tubers, and bark) were enzymatically isolated from five different plant species (Clivia miniata, Monstera deliciosa, Solanum tuberosum, Manihot esculenta, and Malus domestica). Anatomy, chemical composition and efficiency as transpiration barriers (water loss in m s−1) of the different suberized cell wall samples were quantified. Results clearly indicated that there was no correlation between barrier properties of the suberized interfaces and the number of suberized cell layers, the amount of soluble wax and the amounts of suberin. Suberized interfaces of C. miniata roots, M. esculenta roots, and M. domestica bark periderms formed poor or hardly any transpiration barrier. Permeances varying between 1.1 and 5.1 × 10−8 m s−1 were very close to the permeance of water (7.4 × 10−8 m s−1) evaporating from a water/atmosphere interface. Suberized interfaces of aerial roots of M. deliciosa and tubers of S. tuberosum formed reasonable transpiration barriers with permeances varying between 7.4 × 10−10 and 4.2 × 10−9 m s−1, which were similar to the upper range of permeances measured with isolated cuticles (about 10−9 m s−1). Upon wax extraction, permeances of M. deliciosa and S. tuberosum increased nearly tenfold, which proves the importance of wax establishing a transpiration barrier. Finally, highly opposite results obtained with M. esculenta and S. tuberosum periderms are discussed in relation to their agronomical importance for postharvest losses and tuber storage.
Eulerian Walks in Temporal Graphs
Authors: Marino Andrea , Silva Ana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn Eulerian walk (or Eulerian trail) is a walk (resp. trail) that visits every edge of a graph G at least (resp. exactly) once. This notion was first discussed by Leonhard Euler while solving the famous Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem in 1736. But what if Euler had to take a bus? In a temporal graph $$\varvec{(G,\lambda )}$$

(
G
,
λ
)

, with $$\varvec{\lambda : E(G)}\varvec{\rightarrow } \varvec{2}^{\varvec{[\tau ]}}$$

λ
:
E
(
G
)

→

2

[
τ
]

, an edge $$\varvec{e}\varvec{\in } \varvec{E(G)}$$

e

∈

E
(
G
)

is available only at the times specified by $$\varvec{\lambda (e)}\varvec{\subseteq } \varvec{[\tau ]}$$

λ
(
e
)

⊆

[
τ
]

, in the same way the connections of the public transportation network of a city or of sightseeing tours are available only at scheduled times. In this paper, we deal with temporal walks, local trails, and trails, respectively referring to edge traversal with no constraints, constrained to not repeating the same edge in a single timestamp, and constrained to never repeating the same edge throughout the entire traversal. We show that, if the edges are always available, then deciding whether $$\varvec{(G,\lambda )}$$

(
G
,
λ
)

has a temporal walk or trail is polynomial, while deciding whether it has a local trail is $$\varvec{\texttt {NP}}$$

NP

-complete even if $$\varvec{\tau = 2}$$

τ
=
2

. In contrast, in the general case, solving any of these problems is $$\varvec{\texttt {NP}}$$

NP

-complete, even under very strict hypotheses. We finally give $$\varvec{\texttt {XP}}$$

XP

algorithms parametrized by $$\varvec{\tau }$$

τ

for walks, and by $$\varvec{\tau +tw(G)}$$

τ
+
t
w
(
G
)

for trails and local trails, where $$\varvec{tw(G)}$$

t
w
(
G
)

refers to the treewidth of $$\varvec{G}$$

G

.
Analytical chemistry in technical approaches: immobilization of biosorbent waste containing heavy metals in cemented materials
Authors: Zein Rahmiana , Fauzia Syiffa , Bielan Zuzanna , Aziz Hermansyah , Dahlan Dahyunir , Konieczka Piotr , Cieślik Bartłomiej Michał 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn ecologically safe and economically justified method of stabilization of the used biosorbents was developed. Sorbent contaminated with heavy metals has been successfully solidified/stabilized using a hydraulic binder. The test results indicated that up to 1% of the biosorbent residue used could be added without compromising the compressive strength of the mortar. The compressive strength of the modified mortars did not change significantly even after 20 freeze/thaw cycles. The analytical methods such as Flame Atomization-Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, and Cold Vapor-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry were utilized to examine the leaching behavior of selected heavy metals during harsh condition exposure. The leachability of selected heavy metals was found to be below the limit allowed by the US EPA after immersion and agitation for 10 days in artificial water solutions (seawater, groundwater, and rainwater). X-Ray Diffraction and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller data showed no significant changes in the crystalline structure and surface area of the modified mortars after treatment. Research showed that mixing the adsorbent used with mortar was effective in immobilizing heavy metals and allowed the implementation of a so-called ‘zero waste’ management method.Graphical abstract